bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Harmonic power sharing control using adaptive virtual harmonic impedance in islanded microgrids
Authors: Kim Sunghyok , Hyon Songchol , An Yongil
Published: November 2023

Existence of nonlinear loads makes load power sharing more challenging in the islanded microgrids. Conventional droop control may cause the poor harmonic power sharing among the distributed generations (DGs) due to the mismatched line impedance. This paper proposes an adaptive regulation method of the virtual harmonic impedance for the accurate harmonic power sharing. Consensus algorithm is used to regulate adaptively the virtual harmonic impedance according to the harmonic power sharing error among the DGs with considering of the mismatched line impedance. This method does not require the prior knowledge of the line impedance. The feasibility of the proposed method is demonstrated by simulation result for achieving the accurate harmonic power sharing to reduce the voltage distortion at the point of common coupling (PCC).
Orbital angular momentum multiplexing holography based on multiple polarization channel metasurface
Authors: Wang Yue , Yao Zhenyu , Cui Zijian , Sun Guangcheng , Zhang Dachi
Published: November 2023

As a high-degree-of-freedom approach to manipulate the electromagnetic wave, metasurfaces are widely used in high-capacity information technology. Extensive investigations have explored multiplexing techniques using polarization, incident angle, wavelength, and infinite-dimensional multiplexing through Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM). However, due to the limited spatial resolution and array size of the metasurface, the number of multiplexing channels that can be actually realized is limited. Therefore, research on the combination of OAM multiplexing and polarization degrees of freedom is of great significance. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a metasurface holography multiplexing scheme based on multiple polarization channels combined with OAM. Taking advantage of the orthogonal independence of spin angular momentum and orbital angular momentum, multiple OAM multiplexing holograms are constructed in multiple different spin-polarization channels. Utilizing the well-established compatibility between OAM multiplexing and polarization multiplexing, we successfully integrated two multiplane holograms and 15 OAM multiplexing holograms on a single metasurface. Subsequently, we introduced an optical nested encryption framework designed for parallel communication. This work facilitates high-capacity and high-security holography by employing multiplexing metasurfaces, thereby providing innovative design concepts for optical communication, information encryption, and related domains.
The crystal structure of monocarbonyl-2-carboxypyridinato-κ2N,O-triphenylphosphine-rhodium(I) acetonitrile solvate, C26H20.50N1.50O3PRh
Authors: Elmakki Mohammed A. , Taoana Thato N. , Mosese Setjhaba V. , Brink Alice , Venter Johan A.
Published: November 2023

C26H20.50N1.50O3PRh, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 30.5215(9) Å, b = 8.7529(2) Å, c = 22.4219(11) Å, β = 132.137(1)∘, V = 4441.9(3) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0305, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0615, T = 100 K.
A novel immune-associated prognostic signature based on the immune cell infiltration analysis for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Lin Xinrong , Tian Chuan , Pan Fan , Wang Rui
Published: November 2023

Objectives

Immune-related genes (IRGs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are significantly associated with both tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) and disease prognosis. Therefore, exploring the correlation between IRGs with HCC and its related mechanism will provide new evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.

Methods

The current paper analyzed the TICs in 374 HCC samples retrieved from the TCGA-LIHC dataset using ssGSEA and divided them according to the level of immune cell. A total of 177 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed by protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses.

Results

Four IRGs (C7, CTSV, MMP1, and VCAN) were found to be indicators of the immune prognosis for HCC according to the PPI network and Cox regression analyses of 177 DEGs, which was independently validated using an external dataset. A prognosis risk model was constructed for factors dependent on the four IRGs. Prognostic risk was associated with the subtype of infiltrating immune cells.

Conclusions

Four effective IRGs were identified as novel independent prognostic factors that were correlated with tumor immune infiltration in HCC. This signature may guide the choice of immunotherapy for HCC.
One, Two, Three! Can Everybody Hear Me? Acoustics of Roman Contiones. Case Studies of the Capitoline Hill and the Temple of Bellona in Rome
Authors: Kopij Kamil , Pilch Adam , Drab Monika , Popławski Szymon
Published: November 2023

Rhetoric was one of the cornerstones of Roman education and public speaking, the essence of being a Roman politician. The speakers attempted to captivate the audience with their style and convince them of their arguments. Studying the audience is therefore just as important as investigating the speakers and their speeches. The aim of this article is to estimate the number of people who could intelligibly hear a speaker delivering a speech from two speaking platforms located in the city of Rome: the podium of the Temple of Bellona in the Campus Martius (in the Late Republican and Late Augustan periods) and the Capitoline Temple. To do this, we built virtual reconstructions of both venues according to the current state of knowledge about them, taking into account the geometry of the space as well as the materials from which they were built. On the models thus prepared, we carried out acoustic simulations for three different levels of background noise (36, 49, and 55 dBA), resulting in Speech Transmission Index maps. The results became the basis upon which we estimated the size of the maximum potential crowds that could hear speech intelligibly, using two methods based on the behaviour of contemporary crowds. We further compared our results with those of previous studies that concern other speaking platforms in Rome.
Eco-friendly HPLC method by using response surface design to measure a combination of three antidiabetic drugs
Authors: Al-Tannak Naser F. , Hemdan Ahmed
Published: November 2023

In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the application of green chemistry principles in analytical chemistry. One of the key factors affecting the environmental sustainability of analytical methods is the choice of solvent. In this particular study, a two-factor, three-level response surface design was employed to develop an environmentally friendly chromatographic technique for a mixture of metformin, glimepiride, and pioglitazone. Ethanol, which is known to be harmless to the environment, was chosen as the organic modifier in the mobile phase. The separation of the mixture was achieved using a phosphate buffer solution (pH 3) mixed with ethanol (30:70 v/v). The linearity of the developed method covered a concentration of metformin of 10–120 µg·mL−1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9998, glimepiride of 0.1–20 µg·mL−1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9997, and pioglitazone of 1–50 µg·mL−1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9999. To evaluate the environmental friendliness of the developed method, two assessment tools were employed: The Analytical GREEnness metric and Green Analytical Procedure Index. The results revealed that the developed method performed exceptionally well in terms of its eco-friendliness. Furthermore, the developed method was compared to other reported methods in terms of both accuracy and environmental sustainability. The results demonstrated that the developed method serves as an excellent alternative to well-established techniques for the separation and quantification of the analyzed mixture. Overall, this study highlights the importance of integrating green chemistry principles into analytical chemistry practices.
The polysemic meaning chain of the genitive case in Polish
Authors: Twardzisz Piotr
Published: November 2023

The Polish genitive case is explored from the point of view of its proposed polysemy. We adopt the view that the genitive represents an instance of structured polysemy (Nikiforidou 1991). Like Nikiforidou, we reject the opinion that the genitive instantiates accidental homonymy or shows general single meaning. Our analysis demonstrates that several meanings we identified are intricately tied to each other. There are two prototypical meanings with their several semantic extensions, the latter departing from the former. Contrary to Nikiforidou’s proposal of the genitive as a “radial category” (Lakoff 1987), we support an alternative model. In our view, structured polysemy found in the genitive is better handled by a model referred to as the “meaning chain” (Taylor 1988). Some of the meanings identified are motivated by other meanings in the chain, without directly relying on some semantic centre. Our description of the Polish genitive sheds new light on the holistic semantics of this category with allegedly only grammatical meaning.
‘Arriving at moral Perfection’: Benjamin Franklin und seine russischen Nachfolger (Andrej Turgenev, Vasilij Žukovskij, Dmitrij Begičev)
Authors: Borisova Natalia
Published: November 2023

The article examines how Benjamin Franklin’s ideas of self-improvement were adopted in Russia. The concept of the new creation of the self is one of Benjamin Franklin’s the most popular ideas. Since the first publication of Franklin’s Autobiography the idea of self-improvement became a genuine part of the very American ideology of the self-made man. After Andrej Turgenev published his translation of Franklin’s Autobiography in Moscow in 1799, Franklin’s method went on to enjoy a widespread triumph in imperial Russia. Andrey Turgenev’s and Vasilij Zhukovskij’s diaries, Alexander Griboedov’s comedy Gore ot uma(1825) and Dmitrij Begichev’s novelSemeystvo Kholmskikh(1832) can help us to trace this Russian history of Franklin’s method and show how Russian followers of Franklin modified and adapted his concept.
A hazai kozmetikumpiacra ható trendek bemutatása
Authors: Amberg Nóra , Lehota József
Published: November 2023

A trendek a világ legtöbb országában alapvetően határozzák meg a fejlődési tendenciákat, és gyökeresen meg is változtathatják a mindennapi életet, beleértve a fogyasztói magatartás alakulását is (Fodor és tsai, 2012). A kozmetikai piacra jelenleg a globális, a mega-, a metatrendek és a tudatos fogyasztás trendjei hatnak (Euromonitor International, 2019). Jelen tanulmány ezeknek a trendeknek a megjelenését és a kozmetikai iparra gyakorolt hatását kívánja bemutatni, különös tekintettel a fenntarthatóságra és a felelős termékfejlesztésre, -értékesítésre, a tudatos vásárlásra és fogyasztásra. És bár igaz, hogy ezen trendek és hatásaik nem minden esetben írhatóak le racionálisan a hard marketing eszköztárának segítségével, néha inkább a soft marketing intuíciókra (is) építő empatikus vonalát (Törőcsik, 2000) feltételezik az elemző oldaláról, a „kor szellemeként” (Törőcsik, 2007) mégis kimutatható befolyással bírnak a kozmetikai ipar kínálati és keresleti oldalára egyaránt.
Interkulturelle Szenarien in der performativen Medien als Eye-Opener
Authors: Vill Susanne
Published: November 2023

Der Text basiert auf einem soziologischen Blick auf die Behandlung von Interkulturalität im Theater und in der Mediengeschichte. Die transmediale Auswahl und Beschreibung stellt Präsentationen vor und diskutiert die Effizienz von inter- und transkulturellen Themen und Motiven in Aufführungen von Theater, Oper, Musical, in Filmen und TV-Serien. Im Theater und in den Medien können Fremde, Indigene und transhumane Figuren das Verständnis und die Akzeptanz von verschiedenen Kulturen  fördern. Die Beispiele stammen aus einem Zeitraum von 500 v. Chr. bis heute und stellen Möglichkeiten der Medien dar, die Akzeptanz des Fremden in kulturellen Integrationsprozessen zu unterstützen.
Reseña de la obra: El lenguaje de los derechos. Ensayo para una teoría estructural de los derechos
Authors: Arellano Gomez Jesús
Published: November 2023

Reseña de obra.
La legítima defensa. Especial referencia al Código Penal del Estado de Guanajuato
Authors: Sáchez Salgado Víctor
Published: November 2023

Se explica y analiza cada uno de los elementos de la legítima defensa de acuerdo a la normativa del estado de Guanajuato, señalando sus límites y alcances. En el marco de la moderna dogmática jurídico penal, se considera a la legítima defensa como una herramienta básica para el establecimiento del ordenamiento social mismo, buscando, al mismo tiempo, evitar la arbitrariedad en el juzgador y la determinación del debido derecho.
Obedézcase, pero no se cumpla. El caso de la jurisprudencia 1a./J. 35/2017 que establece que en el auto de vinculación a proceso no es exigible el análisis de los elementos objetivos, normativos y subjetivos del tipo penal
Authors: Gómez Cervantes Javier
Published: November 2023

El Máximo Tribunal de Justicia del país ha establecido que el juicio de tipicidad y por ende el estudio de los elementos objetivos, subjetivos y normativos del tipo penal no debe ser propio de auto de vinculación a proceso, sino de la sentencia definitiva en el proceso penal. El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objeto establecer la problemática que se suscita de prescindir del estudio de tales elementos en dicha etapa procesal.
Effect of Using Different Intensities in Resistance Training for Muscle Hypertrophy Gains—A Narrative Review
Authors: Callegari Irineu O. M. , Santarem Pedro S. M. , Arrivabene Thiago T. , Oliveira Alexandre G.
Published: November 2023

Resistance training or strength training has become one of the most popular forms of exercise, because it is the only method capable of improving physical fitness and increasing muscle mass simultaneously. Among the variables of training, the relationship between intensity and volume has been extensively addressed to enhance exercise-induced muscular hypertrophy. For many, mechanical stress is seen as a factor of greater relevance and, because high loads promote greater mechanical tension and high intensities are traditionally used to increase muscle mass. However, evidence has shown greater safety and similar results through training based on lower intensities and increased training volume. Thus, this narrative review aimed to search the current literature for evidence on using different training loads to promote muscle hypertrophy. An extensive nonsystematic literature review was conducted in the PubMed, Google Scholar and Scielo databases. It was possible to conclude that the use of high and low intensity promotes similar results in muscle hypertrophy in all groups, leading to the belief that there is greater safety and adherence to the use of lower intensities compared with close effort to concentric failure.

See Video 1—Video Abstract—http://links.lww.com/SCJ/A403.
Current Status and Future Strategies for Advancing Functional Circuit MappingIn Vivo
Authors: Berndt Andre , Cai Denise , Cohen Adam , Juarez Barbara , Iglesias Jaume Taura , Xiong Hejian , Qin Zhenpeng , Tian Lin , Slesinger Paul A.
Published: November 2023

The human brain represents one of the most complex biological systems, containing billions of neurons interconnected through trillions of synapses. Inherent to the brain is a biochemical complexity involving ions, signaling molecules, and peptides that regulate neuronal activity and allow for short- and long-term adaptations. Large-scale and noninvasive imaging techniques, such as fMRI and EEG, have highlighted brain regions involved in specific functions and visualized connections between different brain areas. A major shortcoming, however, is the need for more information on specific cell types and neurotransmitters involved, as well as poor spatial and temporal resolution. Recent technologies have been advanced for neuronal circuit mapping and implemented in behaving model organisms to address this. Here, we highlight strategies for targeting specific neuronal subtypes, identifying, and releasing signaling molecules, controlling gene expression, and monitoring neuronal circuits in real-timein vivo. Combined, these approaches allow us to establish direct causal links from genes and molecules to the systems level and ultimately to cognitive processes.
Income Inequality, Finance, and Space: A Cross-Country Analysis
Authors: Ioannou Stefanos , Wójcik Dariusz
Published: November 2023

To extend the controversial literature on the finance-inequality nexus, we examine the determinants of income inequality in 131 developed and developing economies, in the period 1991–2017. We consider a wide range of variables associated with domestic financial development, banking crises, and financial globalization, including financial secrecy and offshore wealth. In addition, we examine whether the spatial centralization of the financial sector is associated in any way with income inequality. The results show that the larger the size of the financial sector in a country, the higher the level of inequality. Financial globalization, in all its facets, also appears to contribute to inequality. These findings are particularly robust for developed economies. Our analysis also shows that aspects of finance aggravating inequality are positively associated with the degree of geographical centralization of the financial sector.
Las perífrasis aspectuales en el discurso médico actual
Authors: Ruiz Granados Beatriz
Published: November 2023

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la incidencia del discurso médico en el funcionamiento de las perífrasis vinculadas al aspecto gramatical. Para ello, examinaremos el tratamiento de las formaciones aspectuales en textos especializados, en concreto, del ámbito de la medicina. Partiendo de la hipótesis de que la situación comunicativa influye en el comportamiento de la categoría objeto de estudio, realizaremos un análisis comparativo de las perífrasis aspectuales empleadas en la comunicación ordinaria y en el discurso especializado con respecto a dos variables fundamentales, a saber: frecuencia de uso y valores semánticos. Como mostraremos, la categoría gramatical modifica sus propiedades distintivas en un discurso y otro.
Perros enanos en el noreste de la península Ibérica: nuevos datos para su estudio en época romana
Authors: Albizuri Silvia , Botigué Laura , Fernández Marina , Nadal Jordi
Published: November 2023

Presentamos el análisis morfométrico y osteopatológico de tres perros de talla pequeña (32-38 cm) y robustos, con deformaciones en las diáfisis y epífisis (condrodistrofia) y en el foramen magnum. Provienen de diferentes yacimientos del noreste peninsular. El más antiguo se localizó en un silo del yacimiento ibero-romano, Serrat dels Espinyers (Isona, Lleida), datado a finales del s. III y la primera mitad del s. II a.C. Dos más modernos se documentaron en yacimientos romanos: uno en la necrópolis CR Empúries (L’Escala, Girona), fechada en la segunda mitad del s. II d.C. y otro en el yacimiento de Can Verboom (Premià de Dalt, Barcelona), datado a finales del s. IV d.C. Estos casos incrementan de forma importante los individuos diagnosticados hasta ahora para este período en esta área geográfica. Sus características morfológicas permiten clasificarlos entre los perros enanos más robustos y pesados que se documentan dentro de la variabilidad canina europea a partir de la colonización romana. Su excepcionalidad se debe a la escasa información actual sobre este tipo de perro en el territorio peninsular. A su vez, este trabajo evalúa sus posibles usos, y se presentan unas aproximaciones preliminares a su caracterización genética. La posible consanguinidad de estas poblaciones puede explicar la permanencia de alguna patología genética vinculada al enanismo: la condrodisplasia.
Pediatricians as Childhood Development Advocacy Champions in Kenya and Tanzania: A Case Study
Authors: Shah Reshma , Wamithi Susan , Masenge Theopista , Gachie Lopokoiyit Rosemarie , Carter Terrell , Patel Kiran A. , Smith Sherri L. , Wilson Kim
Published: November 2023

Early childhood development (ECD) is instrumental to shaping educational, emotional, and economic trajectories; alleviating poverty; and achieving gender equality. Pediatricians are experts in children's health and trusted sources of guidance for families and clinicians and thus are optimal ECD champions. This case study describes collaboration by the American Academy of Pediatrics, Kenya Pediatric Association, and Pediatric Association of Tanzania to activate pediatricians as ECD champions in Kenya and Tanzania. From July 2020 through January 2021, the collaborators assessed ECD needs by interviewing 20 key informants per country from governmental ministries, nongovernmental organizations, and clinical practice and assessing datasets and policy documents. In 2021, the societies recruited 15 pediatricians per country as champions; surveyed their knowledge, attitudes, and practices; and trained them on 4 core competencies: understanding early brain development science; developmental and behavioral screening, surveillance, and diagnosis; integration of ECD promotion into clinical practice; and advocacy skills for ECD and nurturing care. In 2021, each society established advocacy-in-action projects to advance ECD. In Kenya, the cohort surveyed clinicians on barriers to ECD, implemented a 2-day in-person training for 90 providers, and developed a 5-week Fundamentals of ECD course, taken by 113 pediatricians from 7 African countries. In Tanzania, champions conducted ECD training workshops for 78 health managers and 189 health care providers in 9 facilities in 7 regions and established 9 ECD corners with toys and information in health care facilities. These results highlight considerations for supporting ECD, including building on existing strengths, infrastructure, and networks; strengthening ECD knowledge among pediatricians; and advocacy skill-building.
Emergency department utilization in elderly patients: a report from the National Emergency Department Information System (NEDIS) of Korea, 2018-2022
Authors: Lim Sun Young , Jo You Hwan , Kim Seongjung , Ko Eunsil , Ro Young Sun , Kim Jungeon , Baek Sumin
Published: November 2023

Objective: With general aging of the population, emergency department (ED) utilization by elderly patients is increasing. In this study, we analyzed data on ED visits of patients aged 65 years and older in Korea.Methods: The study is a retrospective analysis of National Emergency Department Information System (NEDIS) data from 2018–2022, focusing on patients aged 65 years and older who visited EDs across Korea. ED utilization data were analyzed using Korean Triage and Acuity Scale (KTAS) scores. The patients were divided into three age groups, and common chief complaints and diagnoses were identified. Age- and sex-standardized ED visits per 100,000 population and outcomes were also analyzed.Results: During the study period, there was a total of 9,803,065 elderly patient ED visits. The mean patient age was 76.4±7.6 years, and 47.6% were men. The ED mortality rate and in-hospital mortality rate were 1.8% and 4.6%, respectively. The KTAS scores 1–2 group accounted for 11.0% of patients, KTAS score 3 group for 42.5%, KTAS scores 4–5 group for 37.2%, and KTAS score unknown group for 9.4%. When patients were categorized into three age groups, the oldest group exhibited the highest rates of KTAS score 1, severe illness diagnoses, and mortality. The most frequently reported chief complaint was abdominal pain, and the most common diagnosis was light headedness. When analyzing the data by year, the COVID-19 outbreak had a discernible impact on ED visits and clinical outcomes.Conclusion: Over the past 5 years, ED visits for elderly patients have averaged 26,050 per 100,000 population per year, with a temporary decline during the COVID-19 pandemic and a subsequent upward trend.
Characteristics of pediatric emergency department visits before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a report from the National Emergency Department Information System (NEDIS) of Korea, 2018–2022
Authors: Hong Jin Hyuck , Paek So Hyun , Kim Taerim , Kim Seongjung , Ko Eunsil , Ro Young Sun , Kim Jungeon , Kwon Jae Hyun
Published: November 2023

Objective: As of 2018, approximately 1.2 million pediatric patients visited emergency departments (EDs) in Korea, showing a steady increase. Given the distinct differences between children and adults, it is vital to examine the epidemiological characteristics of pediatric patients visiting the ED. Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed the ED use patterns of pediatric patients <18 years old in Korea from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2022, using data from the National Emergency Department Information System (NEDIS). Results: Most pediatric ED patients were boys, with an average age of 6.6±5.3 years. Patients younger than 1 year and those in critical condition had longer ED stays and more frequently required hospital admission and used the 119-ambulance service. The primary symptom was fever, and the most common discharge diagnosis was gastroenteritis. Following the declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, ED visits decreased by 49%. Meanwhile, there was an increase in in-hospital mortality rate/age- and sex-standardized mortality rate per 100,000 ED visits, Admission and transfer rates remained similar between before and after the start of the pandemic.Conclusion: Through this analysis, we identified the characteristics of pediatric patients visiting EDs in Korea. We observed a sharp decline in ED visits after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. From there, ED visits slowly increased but remained below prepandemic levels for 3 years. This research will serve as a foundational resource for appropriately allocating and preparing pediatric ED resources.
prensa española y la función tribunicia de la Iglesia Católica en Chile (1976-1978). El caso de la huelga de hambre de los familiares de desaparecidos de 1978.
Authors: Diaz Aguad Alfonso , Bustos González Raúl
Published: November 2023

comienzos de 1976 la Iglesia chilena creaba la Vicaria de la Solidaridad, con ello el distanciamiento con la dictadura militar creció y esto se vio reflejado en los medios internacionales. El presente trabajo busca identificar la mirada de los medios españoles frente a las denuncias de la Iglesia católica respecto al régimen chileno, en un contexto en que España caminaba hacia una democracia. Se concluye que la mayoría de los medios apoyaron directamente la postura de la Iglesia, a parir de un acontecimiento en particular que despertó la empatía en la península, la huelga de hambre de los familiares de detenidos desaparecidos, reflejando los cambios que vivía España y sus medios.
De la movilización antiabortista a Vox
Authors: Bonet-Marti Jordi , Biglia Barbara , Cagliero Sara
Published: November 2023

Este artículo tiene por objetivo conocer el desarrollo histórico del antifeminismo político español contemporáneo; desde su surgimiento en el contexto de las manifestaciones contra el aborto en la década de los ochenta, hasta su incorporación como una de las líneas discursivas centrales del partido político Vox, en el marco de convergencia de dos tendencias globales: la reacción frente al ciclo de movilizaciones feministas y LGTBIQ+, y la emergencia de las nuevas derechas populistas radicales. Para ello, se analizan los marcos discursivos, los repertorios de acción y las estrategias de acción desarrollados en el seno de la movilización antiabortista, la movilización anti-género y el antifeminismo populista, así como su actual convergencia en Vox, con el fin de generar estrategias para contrarrestar las tendencias desdemocratizadoras asociadas.
High-resolution ultrasound in the evaluation of the adult hip
Authors:   Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada, Probyn Linda , Flores Dyan ,   Department of Medical Imaging, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada, Rowbotham Emma ,   Department of Medical Imaging, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom, Cresswell Mark ,   Department of Medical Imaging, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Atinga Angela ,   Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
Published: November 2023

This paper reviews ultrasound of the hip, which is a commonly requested examination for symptomatic hip issues. This includes both intra-articular and extra-articular causes of hip pain. Ultrasound is easily acces- sible, lacks radiation exposure, and allows for evaluation of the contralateral hip as well as assessment of dy- namic maneuvers. Ultrasound can be used to guide interventional procedures. Ultrasound of the hip can be challenging due to the deep location of structures and complex anatomy. Typically, high-frequency trans- ducers are used to examine the hip, however the choice of ultrasound transducer depends on the patient’s body habitus, with lower frequency transducers required to penetrate deep structures in obese patients. It is important to have an approach to ultrasound of the hip which includes assessment of the anterior, lateral, posterior, and medial aspects of the hip. The technique and relevant anatomy of each of these compart- ments are discussed as well as the use of Doppler examination of the hip. Several dynamic maneuvers can be performed to help determine the cause of hip pathology in various locations, and these are described and illustrated. Ultrasound is useful for guided procedures about the hip, and these indications will be reviewed.
A comprehensive calibration of integrated magnetron sputtering and plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition for rare-earth doped thin films
Authors: Khatami Zahra , Wolz Lukas , Wojcik Jacek , Mascher Peter
Published: November 2023

A new integrated deposition system taking advantage of magnetron sputtering and electron cyclotron-plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (IMS ECR-PECVD) is presented that mitigates the drawbacks of each fabrication system. This tailor-made system provides users with highly homogeneous and pure thin films with less undesired hydrogen and well-controlled rare-earth concentration compared to existing methods of rare-earth doping, such as metalorganic powders, sputtering, and ion implantation. We established the first comprehensive report on the deposition parameters of argon flow and sputtering power to achieve desired rare-earth concentrations in a wide composition range of terbium (Tb) doped-silicon oxide (Tb:SiOx) matrices including silicon-rich (x < 2), oxygen-rich (x > 2), and stoichiometric silicon oxide (x = 2). The deposition parameters to fabricate crystalline structure (Tb2Si2O7) in oxygen-rich samples are reported where Tb ions are optically active. IMS ECR-PECVD pushes the solubility limit of the rare-earth dopant in silicon films to 17 at.% for the desired future nanophotonic devices.

Graphical Abstract
Instytucja prezydenta w koncepcjach wysuwanych w Polsce w latach osiemdziesiątych
Authors: Łabędź Krzysztof
Published: November 2023

W tekście podjęto próbę odpowiedzi, jakie koncepcje urzędu prezydenta przedstawiano w latach osiemdziesiątych w ramach toczącej się dyskusji dotyczącej kierunku reformowania państwa, oraz jakie były ich podobieństwa i różnice między nimi. W tym celu dokonano klasyfikacji koncepcji według trzech kryteriów: kompetencji prezydenta, rodzaju systemu politycznego, w którym przewidywano utworzenie tego urzędu oraz według funkcji, które miał realizować. Uwzględniając pierwsze kryterium można wyróżnić prezydenturę silną (takie koncepcje przeważały) i słabą, z punktu widzenia drugiego umiejscowienie prezydenta w istniejącym systemie, systemie przejściowym oraz w systemie przyszłym (demokratycznym); według tego podziału tekst został skonstruowany. Na drugą klasyfikację nakłada się podział według funkcji, których realizacji oczekiwano od tego urzędu – legitymizacji systemu, strażnika ustroju, mniej lub bardziej istotnej części systemu demokratycznego. Wykorzystano analizę dokumentów, metodę porównawczą, elementy metody historycznej.
Results of Combined Pathogenetic Therapy in Netherton Syndrome: Clinical Case
Authors: Murashkin Nikolay N. , Opryatin Leonid A. , Bridan-Rostovskaya Anna S. , Pavlova Ekaterina S. , Ivanov Roman A. , Avetisyan Karine O. , Kulikov Kirill A.
Published: November 2023

Background. Netherton syndrome is a severe autosomal recessive disease based not only on genetically determined keratinization disorders, but also on immune system dysregulation.

Clinical case description. Boy K., 9 years old, diagnosed with severe atopic dermatitis and revealed Netherton syndrome during examinations. The dupilumab was administered due to the presence of severe polysensitization and clinical signs of allergic process. Wave-like course of the disease was observed during this therapy. Patient had acute exacerbation — generalized pustular rash — at the 7th month of treatment. The therapy with secukinumab was initiated according to the foreign literature on pathogenetic treatment of Netherton syndrome with interleukin (IL) 17 inhibitor. It has shown positive dynamics. Currently patient is administered with the combined therapy of IL-17 and IL-4/13 inhibitors with significant positive effect.

Conclusion. Genetically engineered biologic drugs targeting both the Th17 and Th2 have shown their efficacy in Netherton syndrome management.
Features of Staphylococcus Aureus Antibiotic Sensitivity in Children with Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Murashkin Nikolay N. , Materikin Alexander I. , Epishev Roman V. , Leonova Maria A. , Opryatin Leonid A. , Ivanov Roman A. , Savelova Alena A.
Published: November 2023

Background. Excessive colonization of the skin by various bacteria and fungi can be noted in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD), and the prevalence of secondary infection complications 30–48%. Several studies have shown that Staphylococcus aureus colonization is 60–100% in patients with AD compared to 5–30% in healthy persons from the control group. Moreover, the incidence of methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates is up to 10–30% in skin cultures at AD, according to experts. Therapy of AD complicated by secondary infection is one of the crucial challenges of modern dermatology. Mupirocin can be considered as one of the most effective topical antibiotic among others used for etiotropic therapy of infectious complications in AD patients, and it has been confirmed by numerous clinical studies.

Conclusion. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common trigger of AD aggravation. MRSA in AD complicated by secondary infection is difficult to manage as it becomes resistant to many types of antibiotics; however, it shows persistent sensitivity to mupirocin. Mupirocin-based (2%) external agent is the most effective, safe, and preferred therapy variant for AD complicated by secondary infection in pediatrics.
Prawa i wolności obywatelskie w świetle idei „miasta 15-minutowego”
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Ura Elżbieta
Published: November 2023

The aim of the article is to draw attention to the rights and freedoms of citizens in the light of the idea of introducing “15-minute cities”. This idea is indicated in the UN resolution of 2015, called the 2030 Agenda. 15-minute cities are referred to as smart cities or compact cities. Under the “Horizon Europe” program, 100 cities were selected as experimental cities in the pursuit of creating smart cities by 2030, including: Wrocław, Warsaw, Łódź, Rzeszów and Kraków. The assumption of the smart city is that every resident should have access to basic life needs within 15 minutes of home. By implementing the above, a new urban planning trend in cities was also created. On the basis of these considerations, an attempt was made to assess whether the changes related to the introduction of 15-minute cities will not limit the rights and freedoms of man and citizen
System rządów w konstytucji Tunezji z 25 lipca 2022 r. na tle procesu autokratyzacji państwa w okresie prezydentury Kaïsa Saïeda
Authors:   Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Jakubiak Łukasz
Published: November 2023

The paper deals with the system of government that was established in the Constitution of Tunisia of July 25, 2022. The author points out that both this legal act and the accompanying constitution-making process should be seen as the result of the rapid departure from democratic mechanisms and standards. The autocratization process was launched during the presidency of Kaïs Saïed, although negative tendencies in this field had already occurred earlier. This led to the 2022 Constitution guaranteeing presidential dominance over the government and parliament, as the position of the head of state was significantly strengthened compared to the previous basic law (it was adopted in 2014, in the aftermath of the Arab Spring). The author argues that due to the imbalance of power, the constitutional system of government in Tunisia corresponds more to the assumptions of undemocratic hyper-presidentialism than the typical presidential model.
Multinational Enterprises’ Mandatory Human Rights and Environmental Due Diligence. The Case of European Union Law Underway
Authors:   Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, Mojska Katarzyna
Published: November 2023

The international and domestic efforts directed toward establishing effective regulations of multinational enterprises (MNEs) activity in the human rights and environmental realms are currently entering an intriguing phase. The trend toward setting forth legally binding obligations applicable across their complex, transnational structures is gaining momentum, and the upcoming EU Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD) may significantly contribute to this process. The research aim of this study is to examine how the draft CSDDD is woven into the present regulatory landscape, and what impact it may potentially have. Due to multicentricity of the legal sources’ systems in the member states, the EU law underway will also affect their constitutional orders. To tackle the research task, it is crucial to delineate the broader context of the challenges surrounding the enforcement of social and environmental accountability throughout global value chains, which arise at the intersection of the existing governance mechanisms’ quality, and the legal as well as organisational MNEs’ logics. These interconnected issues are addressed in the first section of the paper. The second section covers CSDDD as reflecting and potentially accelerating regulatory trends.
Gambaran Skor ANDC sebagai Prediktor Kematian pada Pasien COVID-19 di Ruang Intensif Isolasi RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung Periode Januari 2021 – Juni 2021
Authors: Munthe Hengki Saputra , Bisri Dewi Yulianti , Rismawan Budiana
Published: November 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) telah menjadi pandemi global yang menyebabkan angka mortalitas tinggi. Saat ini belum ada sistem skor yang digunakan untuk memprediksi angka mortalitas pada pasien COVID-19 yang dirawat di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif observasional retrospektif yang bertujuan mengetahui gambaran skor Age, Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, D-dimer, C-reactive protein (ANDC) sebagai prediktor kematian pasien COVID-19 yang dirawat di ruang intensif isolasi RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin, Bandung pada periode Januari–Juni 2021. Data ANDC dari 221 pasien COVID-19 derajat sedang dan berat dicatat di hari pertama dan diolah. Hasil penelitian didapatkan pasien COVID-19 derajat sedang memiliki angka mortalitas sebesar 5% untuk skor ANDC risiko rendah, 39,3% untuk skor risiko sedang, dan 50% untuk skor risiko tinggi. Sementara pada pasien COVID-19 derajat berat secara umum memiliki angka mortalitas yang tinggi, untuk skor ANDC risiko rendah sebesar 42,1%, skor risiko sedang sebesar 70,6% dan skor risiko tinggi sebesar 78,5%. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah semakin tinggi nilai skor ANDC maka semakin tinggi pula angka mortalitas pasien COVID-19.
Hawkish or Dovish Fed? Estimating a Time-Varying Reaction Function of the Federal Open Market Committee's Median Participant
Authors: González-Astudillo Manuel , Tanvir Rakeen
Published: November 2023

This paper estimates a time-varying reaction function of the median participant of the Federal Open Market Committee, using a Taylor rule with time-varying coefficients estimated on one- to three-year ahead median forecasts of the federal funds rate, inflation, and the unemployment rate from the Summary of Economic Projections (SEP). We estimate the model with Bayesian methods, incorporating the effective lower bound on the median federal funds rate projections. The results indicate that the monetary policy rule has become significantly more persistent after the pandemic than in the years prior, and it currently reacts strongly to inflation, at more than twice the responsiveness estimated prior to 2020. Our proposed policy rule produces accurate predictions of the median federal funds rate projections in real time for given SEP forecasts of inflation and the unemployment rate, suggesting that the median participant's reaction function is well-represented by our assumed Taylor rule with time-varying coefficients. Our results show that the median participant's reaction function becomes less persistent and less responsive to inflation yet more responsive to the output gap in anticipation of tighter monetary policy conditions. We also find that labor market activity, inflation, and macroeconomic uncertainty correlate significantly with the evolution of the time-varying coefficients of the rule. Finally, we show that in times of a less persistent policy rule or more responsiveness to inflation, markets perceive nominal bonds as better macroeconomic hedges.
Evolución de los derechos humanos en el contexto histórico de las democracias occidentales desde mediados del siglo XX a principios del siglo XXI
Authors: Berrocal Duran Juan Carlos , Villa Villa Sandra Irina , Rojas Archila Guillermo , Bermúdez Gómez Javier
Published: November 2023

Objetivo: describir la evolución de los derechos humanos en el contexto histórico de las democracias occidentales desde mediados del siglo XX a principios del siglo XXI. Método: análisis documental de los textos consultados a fin de elaborar una exposición detallada que permita una adecuada descripción de la evolución de estos derechos en occidente. Resultados: los derechos humanos, el respeto de las libertades individuales y la aplicación de sistemas políticos con elecciones democráticas regulares han sido la carta de presentación de las principales democracias de Norteamérica, Europa y Oceanía. Conclusiones: los resultados obtenidos permiten concluir que, la evolución política de las democracias en Norteamérica y Europa occidental permitieron la institucionalización de regímenes políticos que adoptaron la implementación de sistemas democráticos viables, que tras la finalización de la segunda guerra mundial promovieron la aplicación de los DD.HH. como parte integral de las leyes y reglamentos internacionales.
Conocimientos sobre tuberculosis en trabajadores de la salud del departamento del Cauca, Colombia
Authors: Polanco Pasaje Jhon Edwin , Benjumea Bedoya Dione , Del Corral Londoño Helena
Published: November 2023

Objetivos: describir el nivel de conocimientos de médicos y profesionales de enfermería respecto a factores de riesgo, cuadro clínico, diagnóstico y medidas de aislamiento para tuberculosis. Metodología: estudio transversal realizado en 8 instituciones prestadoras de servicios de salud (IPS) de baja complejidad de atención durante el 2017 mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario autodiligenciado. Resultados: en total 72 personas fueron encuestadas (48 médicos y 24 profesionales de enfermería), de los cuales 51,4 % fueron mujeres y 44,4 % menores de 35 años. Un 59,7 % laboraban en IPS públicas y 40,3 % en IPS privadas (incluyendo 9,7 % en IPS indígenas). El 64,4 % de los encuestados acertaron en preguntas relacionadas con la conducta o medidas de cuidado inicial al paciente y 60,8 % acertaron en su impresión diagnóstica. Hubo 66,7 % de aciertos sobre factores de riesgo, 69,4 % respecto al cuadro clínico de la enfermedad, 67,0 % en preguntas relacionadas con el diagnóstico y 47,5 % sobre medidas de aislamiento. De acuerdo con la profesión, los médicos tuvieron más porcentaje de aciertos en preguntas sobre factores de riesgo, cuadro clínico y diagnóstico mientras que los profesionales de enfermería tuvieron mejores promedios en preguntas sobre medidas de aislamiento. Conclusiones: el nivel de aciertos general fue de 62,6 %. Los porcentajes de acierto más bajos se presentaron en preguntas relacionadas con medidas de aislamiento. Estas deficiencias en conocimiento pueden influir sobre la oportunidad en el diagnóstico y el control de la enfermedad, por lo que los programas de capacitación continua sobre tuberculosis deben ser fortalecidos en estos profesionales.
Semiconductor and ICT Industrial Policy in the US and EU: Geopolitical Threat Responses
Authors: Donnelly Shawn
Published: November 2023

This article analyses chips and critical ICT infrastructure policy in the US and the EU. It examines the increasing importance of Waltian geopolitical security threats on both sides of the Atlantic as a driver of industrial policy, export controls, self-sufficiency, and friendshoring as a replacement for dependence on global supply chains. It shows that threat perceptions are strong and bipartisan in the US, allowing comprehensive, strategic and well-funded industrial policy. Threat perceptions driving chip and 5G industrial policy are also present in the EU’s Economic Security Strategy and related policies. However, differing national preferences dilute a Waltian turn with continued attachment to liberal (global supply chain) approaches to chips and 5G infrastructure and a Waltzian realist stance (capacity-building to build, protect, and promote regardless of security threat) that occupies the middle ground.
DIGITAL FACILITIES UTILIZATION AND COMPUTER SKILLS AMONG SCIENCE AND ARTS STUDENTS
Authors: Ravula Bharathi, N.Rajani
Published: November 2023

The computer world expanded into each and every sector in the current digital era including the education field and  rapidly targeting students to acquaint computer and digital knowledge not only for entertaining but also to enhance academic skills. The basics of digital technology are in reach of the people through different sources such as smart phones, desktop computers, laptops and tablets. Recently, the curricular and competency levels are gradually incorporating to the students to acquire digital skills by motivating to various modes of pedagogy such as seminars, assignments and project works. The present research was mainly focused on understanding the digital devices owning by the students, studying knowledge levels of computer skills and frequency of utilizing digital services. The study was carried out from the randomly selected college students of both science and arts streams from the university and colleges students located at Tirupati urban. The sample size of the present investigation comprised of 60 students from each stream of science and arts with total sample of 120 members. The findings well demonstrated that absolutely all the students owned the smart phone and surprisingly one third of them were even planned to purchase the new mobile within one year. The data indicated that around one fourth of science students had desktop and tablets and about one tenth in arts students. The computer skills and levels of confidence also noticed at higher levels in science students against their arts students’ counterparts probably the science students regular academic activities might be intricately enabled the basic computer skills. The information gathered from the students strongly highlighted the high frequency utilization of smart phone by students of both streams. Educating students, creating awareness and organizing digital training programmes by colleges will surely helpful to enhance the digital skills among the students and to excel their academic and future career opportunities.