bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Postoperative Radiotherapy in Intracranial Solitary Fibrous Tumor/Hemangiopericytoma: A Multi-institutional Retrospective Study (KROG 18-11)
Authors: Lee Joo Ho , Jeon Seung Hyuck , Park Chul-Kee , Park Sung-Hye , Yoon Hong In , Chang Jong Hee , Suh Chang-Ok , Kang Su Jeong , Lim Do Hoon , Kim In Ah , Kim Jin Hee , Im Jung Ho , Kim Sung-Hwan , Wee Chan Woo , Kim Il Han
Published: March 2021

Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the role of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in intracranial solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma (SFT/HPC).Materials and Methods A total of 133 patients with histologically confirmed HPC were included from eight institutions. Gross total resection (GTR) and subtotal resection (STR) were performed in 86 and 47 patients, respectively. PORT was performed in 85 patients (64%). The prognostic effects of sex, age, performance, World Health Organization (WHO) grade, location, size, Ki-67, surgical extent, and PORT on local control (LC), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were estimated by univariate and multivariate analyses.Results The 10-year PFS, and OS rates were 45%, and 71%, respectively. The multivariate analysis suggested that PORT significantly improved LC (p < 0.001) and PFS (p < 0.001). The PFS benefit of PORT was maintained in the subgroup of GTR (p=0.001), WHO grade II (p=0.001), or STR (p < 0.001). In the favorable subgroup of GTR and WHO grade II, PORT was also significantly related to better PFS (p=0.028). WHO grade III was significantly associated with poor DMFS (p=0.029). In the PORT subgroup, the 0-0.5 cm margin of the target volume showed an inferior LC to a large margin with 1.0-2.0 cm (p=0.021). Time-dependent Cox proportion analysis showed that distant failures were significantly associated with poor OS (p=0.003).Conclusion This multicenter study supports the role of PORT in disease control of intracranial SFT/HPC, irrespective of the surgical extent and grade. For LC, PORT should enclose the tumor bed with sufficient margin.
Children’s Hepatic Tumors International Collaboration-Hepatoblastoma Stratification (CHIC-HS) System for Pediatric Patients with Hepatoblastoma: A Retrospective, Hospital-Based Cohort Study in South Korea
Authors: Kim Pyeong Hwa , Shin Hyun Joo , Yoon Hee Mang , Choi Young Hun , Namgoong Jung-Man , Kim Dae Yeon , Koh Kyung-Nam , Lee Mi-Jung , Yoon Haesung , Lyu Chuhl Joo , Han Jung Woo , Hahn Seung Min , Cho Young Ah
Published: March 2021

Purpose In 2017, the Children’s Hepatic Tumors International Collaboration-Hepatoblastoma Stratification (CHIC-HS) system was introduced. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of CHIC-HS System for the prediction of event-free survival (EFS) in Korean pediatric patients with hepatoblastoma.Materials and Methods This two-center retrospective study included consecutive Korean pediatric patients with histopathologically confirmed hepatoblastoma from March 1988 through September 2019. We compared EFS among four risk groups according to the CHIC-HS system. Discriminatory ability of CHIC-HS system was also evaluated using optimism-corrected C-statistics. Factors associated with EFS were explored using multivariable Cox regression analysis.Results We included 129 patients (mean age, 2.6±3.3 years; female:male, 63:66). The 5-year EFS rates in the very low, low, intermediate, and high-risk groups, according to the CHIC-HS system were 90.0%, 82.8%, 73.5%, and 51.3%, respectively. The CHIC-HS system aligned significantly well with EFS outcomes (p=0.004). The optimism-corrected C index of CHIC-HS was 0.644 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.561 to 0.727). Age ≥ 8 (vs. age ≤ 2; hazard ratio [HR], 2.781; 95% CI, 1.187 to 6.512; p=0.018), PRE-Treatment EXTent of tumor (PRETEXT) stage IV (vs. PRETEXT I or II; HR, 2.774; 95% CI, 1.228 to 5.974; p=0.009), and presence of metastasis (HR, 2.886; 95% CI, 1.457 to 5.719; p=0.002), which are incorporated as the first three nodes in the CHIC-HS system, were independently associated with EFS.Conclusion The CHIC-HS system aligned significantly well with EFS outcomes in Korean pediatric patients with hepatoblastoma. Age group, PRETEXT stage, and presence of metastasis were independently associated with EFS.
Intraspecific Hybridization Of Normal Pigmented And Albino Clarias Gariepinus From Yola And Katsina under Hatchery Condition
Authors: Onyia L.U , Ochokwu I.J , Robinson V
Published: March 2021

The study examined the reproductive indices of albino and normal pigmented Clarias gariepinus fish from Katsina (KT) and Yola (YY), carried out under hatchery condition. The experiment compared the fecundity, testes, milt volume, percentage fertilization and hatchability of albino (AA) and normal pigmented (NN) Clarias gariepinus from Katsina (KT) and Yola (YY). Normal pigmented C. gariepinus from Katsina (KT) had the highest number of eggs (229,240), followed by YY (127,250) and the least was recorded in the Albino (AA) (124,750). The weights and lengths of the left and right lobes as well as the volumes of the milt were quantified . However, KT had the highest weight and length of the right testis (18g and 5.7cm respectively) while AA had the highest weight, length of the left testis and milt volume (30g, 11cm and 8.4ml respectively). The least length and weight of the testes was observed in YY. Meanwhile, KT and YY had milt volumes of 4.0ml and 4.7ml, respectively. The highest percentage fertilization and hatchability were recorded in KT × KT (98.7% and 98.5% respectively) among the purebred, while KT × AA had the highest percentage fertilization and hatchability (98.4% and 97.3% respectively) in the reciprocal hybrids. The percentage fertilization and hatchability among the genetic crosses showed significant differences (p<0.05). The results deduced the essentiality of fish hybridization. Furthermore, crossing of broodstocks from different regions have showcased the contingency of acquiring fish seed of improved reproductive potentials in the reciprocal hybrids in the aspects of fecundity, fertilization, hatchability rate, testis quality and faster growth.

Keywords: Albino, Fecundity, Intra-specific Hybridization, Normal pigmented, Testis
Screening and Characterization of Biosurfactant-Producing Bacillus Species Isolated from Contaminated Soils in Makurdi Metropolis
Authors: John W.C , Ogbonna I.O , Gberikon G.M , Iheukwumere C.C
Published: March 2021

Biosurfactants synthesized by microorganisms are chemically diverse and have gained interest industrially due to their surface and interfacial tensions-reducing activities. In this study Bacillus species from contaminated soils were screened and characterized for biosurfactant production. The study was carried out at the Microbiology Laboratory, Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, Nigeria. The Bacillus species were isolated from kerosene shops, palm oil shops, nearby restaurants, mechanic workshops and abattoir effluents- contaminated soil samples collected from Makurdi metropolis. The Bacillus spp. were screened for biosurfactants production potentials using various screening methods (oil spreading, beta haemolysis, drop collapse and emulsification index). Specific primers were used to amplify the srfAA (surfactin gene) gene in the Bacillus isolates and the nucleotide sequences were determined at Inqaba Biotec, South Africa. The screening results were statistically analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 95 % confidence level. Isolate RT7(4)B exhibited the ability to produce biosurfactant, as well as the highest emulsification index (E24) of 73.25 % while isolate PO7(3)C gave the highest oil displacement of 6.77 mm. The supernatant obtained from isolate RT7(4)B showed reduction in surface tension of up to 30.26 mN/m. The isolates gave positive results for biosurfactant production when subjected to drop collapse and Beta haemolytic tests. The Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results revealed amplifications of srfAA gene from 7 isolates. Based on these findings, the isolates used in this study can be utilized for biosurfactant production, and can also be useful for bioremediation and industrial biotechnology applications.

Keywords: Biosurfactants; emulsification index; Bacillus; surface tension; Drop collapse
In-Vitro Antagonistic Effect of Bacillus thuringiensis on Ralstonia solanacearum, the Causal Agent of Bacterial Wilt Disease of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill).
Authors: Ojesola C.O , Akintokun A.K , Akintokun P.O , Oloyede A.R
Published: March 2021

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum, Mill) is a rich source of vitamins, minerals and lycopene, which has many health benefits. However, its production is hampered by bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum resulting in significant yield losses. Use of chemicals in the control of plant pathogens has detrimental effects on humans and the environment in terms of leaving residues in soil which later find their way into underground waters. Therefore, it is desirable to find an alternative to chemical control of this bacterial pathogen. This study investigates the potential of native Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) for biological control of Ralstonia solanacearum (Rs) under laboratory conditions. B. thuringiensis was isolated from cultivated soil, non- cultivated soil, stagnant water, sawdust, horse dung, grain dust, dead leaves and poultry manure. R. solanacearum was isolated from stem exudates of bacterial wilt infected plants and its pathogenicity assay was carried out using 2-week-old seedlings of Beske tomato variety. The Bt and R. solanacearum isolates were then characterized phenotypically. Bt isolates were further identified using endospore and parasporal staining techniques. All the Bt isolates were tested for in-vitro antagonistic activity on R. solanacearum using agar well diffusion method. Isolates Bt2, Bt16, Bt17, Bt32 and Bt34 were confirmed as Bacillus thuringiensis while isolate Rs was confirmed as R. solanacearum. Beske showed wilting symptoms from the fourth day of inoculation and eventual death of seedlings. The zone of inhibition exhibited ranged from 0.0 mm to 20.0 mm.

Keywords: Bacillus thuringiensis, In-vitro, Bacterial wilt, Ralstonia solanacearum, Tomato
Isolation and Identification of Hydrocarbons- Degrading Bacteria from Panteka Stream, Kaduna, Nigeria, and Assessment of their Potential for Bioremediation
Authors: Nwagwu E.C , Yilwa V.M , Egbe N.E , Onwumere G.B
Published: March 2021

Water bodies become hydrocarbon-polluted when petroleum and other toxic organic matters are discharged into them. Panteka, located in northern Kaduna, Nigeria, is home to Panteka market, which is an industrial hub where different kinds of automobile spare parts are sold and mechanic workshops are situated. The Panteka stream flows through an entry point at Rafin guza, through Panteka market and towards the National Eye Centre. The indiscriminate disposal of spent engine oils and the discharge of other untreated effluents from car servicing workshops into the Panteka stream can lead to hydrocarbon contamination. Consequently, there is a need to identify these hydrocarbons and determine the capability of bacteria isolated from the stream to degrade the hydrocarbon pollutants. Using the pour plate method, and Bushnell Haas agar supplemented with 1% used engine oil, five bacterial isolates with the potential to degrade hydrocarbons were identified as Streptococcus pnuemoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shigella dysenteriae, Streptococcus pyogenes and Salmonella enterica. Salmonella enterica was confirmed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and Basic Local Alignment search tool (BLAST) with a similarity index of 99%. The ability of the bacterial isolates to tolerate the spent engine oil was determined by turbidi metry. The results show that all the five bacterial isolates were able to tolerate the 1% (v/v) concentration of the spent engine oil. The highest growth rates (O.D 0.565 and O.D 0.695) were obtained from the pure cultures of Streptococcus pyogenes and the mixed bacterial consortium, respectively. The potentials of the bacteria to degrade hydrocarbons in the stream was analysed using Gas Chromatography Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID), and the results showed reduction of the Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) content from 6,056 mg/ml to 100.17 mg/ml (98.3% degradation) after 28 days of treatment with the mixed bacterial culture. The hydrocarbon fractions degraded were n-Nonane, n-Decane, n-Undecane, n- Dodecane, n-Tridecane, n-Tetradecane, n-Heptadecane, Pristane, n-octadecane, Phytane, n-Eicosane, n-Tricosane, n-Tetracosane, n-Octacosane, n-Triacontane, n-Dotriacontane, n-Tritriacontane, n-Heptriacontane; while n-Pentadecane, n-Hexadecane, n-Nonadecane, n-Heneicosane, n-Docosane, n-Pentacosane, n-Hexacosane, n-Heptacosane, n-Nonacosane, n-Hentriacontane, n-Tetratriacontane, n-Pentatriacontane, and n-Hexatriacontane were not degraded. This study shows that these bacterial strains isolated from the Panteka stream have great potential for bioremediation of the hydrocarbons found in the stream.

Keywords: Bioremediation, Panteka stream, Automobile workshop, Hydrocarbon pollution, Bacteria isolates
Voltage Stability Analysis of Nigerian 330kV Power Grid using Static P-V Plots
Authors: Ezeruigbo E.N. , Ekwue A.O. , Anih L.U.
Published: March 2021

Nigeria power system has been experiencing total or partial system failures in recent times and voltage instability is a strong factor. The paper seeks to perform the voltage stability analysis, based on static P-V plots, on buses located around and within the South East zone of Nigeria. An injection group containing generators to serve as the source and a sink group as loads to be monitored are created. The generators are assumed to be within their min/max MW limits. The load is increased in the sink group as well as in the source group to maintain the same generation/load balance. Load power and bus voltages (P-V) curves are plotted on the load busbars and the first busbar to reach the voltage collapse and MW transfer limit are determined. From the results obtained, at a load of 100 MW, Makurdi bus recorded a voltage of 0.9301 pu which is already below the regulatory standards of ±5% of the nominal line voltage. It entered the region of instability at a load of 245 MW. This created a situation of system instability and a possible partial system collapse. Subsequently, at a load of 260 MW, the system clearly entered unstable region giving rise to partial system collapse of the network.
Microelectronics Design in Educational Apps for Technical Education Learning in Pandemic Eras
Authors: Ezeama A.O. , Obe P.I. , Ezeama R.N. , Oguejiofor V.
Published: March 2021

In the educational sector where the study was conducted to determine effect of pandemics in the use of microelectronics in design of educational apps for online learning in technical education in Nigeria. The population for the study was 302 people made up of 264 technical college teachers in both public and private schools and 38 school administrators. The instrument for data collection was structured questionnaire. The return rate of the instrument was 96%. Three experts validated the instruments. A pilot study of 10 school administrators and 30 technical college teachers were conducted. Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient was used to test for the reliability. The total reliability coefficient of .79 was obtained for the instrument. Three research questions and three null hypotheses guided the study. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while t test was employed to test the null hypotheses at .05 and .01 levels of significance. Also, MATLAB application was used to give graphical views of critical relations in the study. The major findings were: (1) A good number of private technical education have ICT facilities and staff than most public technical education schools. (2) There is no significant difference between the use of ICT skills of teachers in the pre COVID-19 era because the F-tab of 6.64 and 18.0 at 5% and 1% levels of significances respectively as against F-cal of 0.0014. (3) There is significant difference on the income of technical education administrators since the introduction of EduApps in teaching and learning because the F-tab of 6.64 and 18.0 at 5% and 1% levels of significances respectively as against F-cal of 2.82. It was recommended that technical colleges should be well equipped with Internet of Things facilities and competent technology skilled technical teachers, ICT experts and functional computer laboratory in other to enhance the teaching and learning in technical education.
Internal Model Loss Minimization Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine
Authors: Babayomi O. , Balogun A.
Published: March 2021

Electric drives are very useful in propelling the wheels of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). They also play a central function in the electric power steering (EPS). This paper describes studies carried out on the efficiency optimization of an interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) for application in the EPS. An analytic loss- minimization algorithm for an IPMSM was derived and the optimization problem took into consideration copper, iron and stray losses. The proposed loss minimization algorithm is simple and cost effective to implement. From the simulations carried out, significant efficiency gains are possible with this model. The internal model control (IMC) method was employed to achieve current and speed control with acceptable sensitivity to machine parameters.
Estimation of Pollutants’ Emission Rates and Associated Impact on Local Air Quality: A Case Study of Cottage Industry in Ibadan Metropolis
Authors: Salami H.A. , Adegite J.O. , Olalekan H.I. , Ahmed M.O.
Published: March 2021

Major urban cities in the developing countries are faced with the peculiar problem of poor air quality, which has resulted into millions of untimely death as well as other adverse environmental impacts including climate change. To combat this negative trend, regular documentation of the emission rates and concentrations of the various air pollutants has been identified as a suitable means of designing a sound mitigation approach. Here, we estimated the emission rates of criteria air pollutants (CAPs) and greenhouse gases (GHGs) generated from an industrial setting; as well as the associated environmental impact on local air quality, using emission inventory methodology and air dispersion model. In the study area, the energy consumption pattern was reported and the emission rates of associated gaseous pollutants were observed to range from 0.22 to 85500 kg/day. Similarly, the concentrations of major pollutants were observed to be within the thresholds stipulated by the World Health Organization.
Clinical, anatomopathological, and immunohistochemical findings of a transitional cell carcinoma from nasal cavity, frontal and ethmoidal sinus with meningoencephalic invasion in a dog
Authors: Gorza Leonardo L. , Oliveira Ayisa R. , Porto Maryleydy G. , Santos Vania C. , Hardt Isabela , Maestri Luciana F. P. , Souza Tayse D. , Flecher Mayra C.
Published: March 2021

Background: Primary neoplasms of the nasal cavity and sinuses are uncommon in domestic animals, most of which are of epithelial origin, being adenocarcinoma the most common tumor diagnosed in this region. Some malignant nasal cavity neoplasms may invade the brain causing clinical neurological signs, as well as purulent nasal secretion and epistaxis.

Case Description: A case of neoplasm is reported in a 14-year-old pincher presenting dyspnea, epistaxis, and neurological alterations. Necropsy revealed the presence of a mass in the oral cavity vestibule, and another in the whole nasal cavity with invasion of the cribiform plate, meninges and brain. Squamous cells carcinoma was diagnosed in the oral cavity and transitional carcinoma in the nasal cavity. The immunohistochemistry confirmed that the brain infiltration was of the same origin as the nasal cavity neoplasm.

Conclusion: The present report describes a rare case of transitional carcinoma of the nasal cavity as well as the frontal and ethmoidal sinuses with brain invasion, confirmed by immunohistochemistry. It is extremely important for veterinarians to include neoplasms in their differential diagnoses, when these animals show chronic respiratory signs and neurological alterations that do not improve with appropriate treatment, always associating with complementary exams, for correct diagnosis establishment and prognosis formulation.
Green Coffea robusta (Coffea canephora) from Lampung province effect toward free radicals in chickens infected with Salmonella enteritidis bacteria
Authors: Qosimah Dahliatul , Rosyidi Djalal , Radiati Lilik E. , Amri Indah A. , Prasetyo Dodik , Permata Fajar S. , Anisa Agri K.
Published: March 2021

Background: Foodborne diseases are caused by acquired pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella enteritidis. It causes an intestinal imbalance and the microbial toxins found in the gastrointestinal tract induce symptoms such as diarrhea. Coffee contains active ingredients such as antioxidants and is used as an anti-inflammatory agent by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in the body.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the interaction between Lampung’s robusta coffee and tissue damage in chickens infected by S. enteritidis.

Methods: This study used first-day-old Isa brown layer chickens (n = 60), which were divided into five treatment groups. The negative control group consisted of healthy and normal chickens, whereas the positive control group consisted of chickens infected with S. enteritidis bacteria at a concentration of 108 CFU/ml. Groups T1, T2, and T3 were given coffee extract with doses of 500 mg/kg BW (low dose), 1,000 mg/kg BW (moderate dose), and 1,500 mg/kg BW (high dose), respectively, and then infected with S. enteritidis bacteria at a concentration of 108 CFU/ml. The coffee extract and bacteria were given orally via a feeding tube at a volume of 0.5 ml per chick. The extract was given for 14 days (from day 3 to day 16), and the bacteria were given on days 16 and 17. On day 18, the chickens were necropsied. The malondialdehyde (MDA) level was analyzed using one-way analysis of variance test with the GLM procedure (<0.05), while the tissue histopath was analyzed using a descriptive qualitative study to examine the ileal damage

Results: The results showed that the MDA levels (nmol/l) decreased in treatment groups T1, T2, and T3 compared to the positive control. On the contrary, we found improvements in the ileum histopathology of group T1 and T2 in the form of normal and regular intestinal epithelium arrangement of the ileum, long intestinal villi, and decreased total leukocytes.

Conclusion: Green coffee robusta has the potential to increase antioxidants and reduce inflammation in the small intestine of chickens infected with S. enteritidis.
Rabies in bovine: First case report of rabies in Al Jabal Al Akhdar, Libya
Authors: Sharif Monier , Arhaiem Aiman , Giadan Osama , Adam Abdulkarim , Abdalla Fawzia , Dayhum Abdunaser , Bengoumi Mohammed
Published: March 2021

Background: Rabies is still one of the most neglected diseases in developing countries. It is endemic to North Africa, although rabies incidence in North Africa is certainly underestimated.

Case Description: On 18 December 2018 in the region of Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar, an 8-month-old calf died after a period of characteristic clinical symptoms of rabies. This is the first case of rabies in bovine which is confirmed through histopathological examination in the Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Omar Al-Mukhtar University. Microscopic examination clearly revealed encephalitis with the pathognomonic Negri bodies in the cerebellar neurons.

Conclusion: Since the characteristic lesions in the histopathological examination are sufficient to confirm the diagnosis and report infected cases, we recommend that the next version of the OIE Terrestrial Manual should add and clarify that the results of the use of histopathological techniques in the diagnosis of rabies are significant.
Little brainiacs and big dummies: Are we selecting for stupid, stout, or small dogs?
Authors: Rishniw Mark , Dewey Curtis W.
Published: March 2021

Background: Brain size has been associated with intelligence of various orders and families of animals, leading to the concept of encephalization. Brain size scales with body weight between species within mammals to approximately the 0.67 power. However, within species, this scaling exponent appears to be much smaller (approximately 0.27 power).

Aim: We examined whether this relationship has persisted in dogs over the 120 years since this was originally observed.

Methods: Comparative cross-sectional study of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data obtained from 127 dogs, compared to historical data from 157 dogs and 24 non-dog canid species.

Results: Brain size in dogs measured by MRI had a scaling exponent virtually identical to that observed previously (0.24 vs. 0.26). However, the proportionality constant was smaller, suggesting that dogs in the study cohort had relatively smaller brains than the historical cohort. Absolute brain size appeared to have both a lower and upper limit in dogs. When compared to non-dogs canids, the most appropriate “representative” size for a “typical dog” when examining allometric scaling across Canidae appeared to be approximately 10–15 kg.

Conclusions: We interpreted the slight reduction in relative brain size to be a function of increased obesity in the study cohort compared to dogs examined 120 years ago. Further, we suggest that dog brains have a finite lower size limit. Finally, concepts of encephalization should not be applied to dogs.
Molecular characterization of duck plague virus from selected Haor areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Kamrul Ahmed , Islam Md. Alimul , Sabuj Abdullah Al Momen , Bashar Md. Abul , Islam Md. Saiful , Hossain Md. Golzar , Hossain Muhammed Tofazzal , Saha Sukumar
Published: March 2021

Background: Duck viral enteritis, commonly known as duck plague (DP), is an acute and contagious fatal disease in ducks, geese, and swans caused by the DP virus (DPV). It poses a serious threat to the growth of duck farming in the Haor (wetland) areas of Bangladesh.

Aim: This study aimed to detect the circulating DPV by molecular characterization, followed by phylogenetic analysis, targeting the UL30 gene in infected ducks from five Haor districts in Bangladesh and to observe the variation in the genome sequence between the field virus and vaccine strain of DPV.

Methods: A total of 150 samples (liver, 50; intestine, 50; and oropharyngeal tissue, 50) were collected from DP-suspected sick/dead ducks from 50 affected farms in Kishoreganj, Netrokona, B. Baria, Habiganj, and Sunamganj districts in Bangladesh. For the identification of DPV in collected samples, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was utilized. Nucleotide sequences of the amplified UL30 gene were compared with those of other DPV strains available in GenBank.

Results: Of the 150 samples, 90 (60%) were found to be positive for DPV, as confirmed by PCR. Organ-wise prevalence was higher in the liver (72%), followed by the intestine (64%) and oropharyngeal tissue (44%). Regarding areas, the highest and lowest prevalence in the liver and intestine was observed in Habiganj and B. Baria, respectively, whereas the highest and lowest prevalence in the oropharyngeal tissue was observed in B. Baria and Habiganj, respectively. Two isolates, BAU/KA/DPV(B1)/2014 from Kishoreganj and BAU/KA/DPV(B4)/2014 from Sunamganj were sequenced, and phylogenetic analysis revealed that these isolates are evolutionarily closely related to Chinese isolates of DPV. Additionally, the isolates of DPV BAU/KA/DPV(B1)/2014 and BAU/KA/DPV(B4)/2014 showed the highest (98%) similarity to each other. The nucleotide sequence of the isolate BAU/KA/DPV(B1)/2014 exhibited higher nucleotide variability (246 nucleotides) than that of the vaccine strain (accession no. EU082088), which may affect protein function and additional drug sensitivity.

Conclusion: Based on the findings of the molecular study, it can be assumed that the Bangladeshi isolates and all Chinese isolates of DPV may have a common ancestry.
Modeling of Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Sludge Waste using Anaerobic Digestion Model No. 1 (ADM1)
Authors: Lee Taekjun , Lee Young Haeng
Published: March 2021

Anaerobic digestion model no. 1 (ADM1) model of international water association was applied to a lab-scale thermophilic anaerobic digestion process for the treatment of activated sludge wastes originating from a municipal wastewater treatment plant. The aim of the present study is to compare the results obtained from the simulation with the experimental values. The simulated results showed a good fit for cumulative produced methane gas volume and the concentration profile of total volatile fatty acids (VFAs).
A New Consideration About Floating Storage and Regasification Unit for Liquid Natural Gas
Authors: Sagau Mihai , Panaitescu Mariana , Panaitescu Fanel-Viorel , Alexandru-Andrei Scupi
Published: March 2021

In this paper we want to present the details of new project about floating liquid natural gas (LNG) regasification terminal based on conversion of an existing LNG carrier . LNG is sent from the tanks to the regasification skid fwd. The regasification skid essentially comprises booster pumps and vaporizers This project can boost both transport and economy sector of Central European countries by introducing a less expensive fuel, more environmental friendly and with a good perspective in the future. The project consists in building a LNG import terminal in Constanta, harbor from where the merchandise (LNG in this situation) can easily be delivered on Danube’s basin and reach central European countries.
POTENCIAL ENZIMÁTICO DOS FUNGOS ENDOFÍTICOS NA PRODUÇÃO DE BIOCOMBUSTÍVEIS
Authors:   Federal University of Tocantins, Gurupi, TO, Brazil., Miranda Luiz Renato Lima Silva , Souza Luis Flávio Nogueira de ,   Federal University of Tocantins, Gurupi, TO, Brazil., Carneiro Vanuza de Sales ,   Federal University of Tocantins, Gurupi, TO, Brazil., Silva André Felipe da ,   Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil., Robl Diogo ,   Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil., Oliveira Elainy Cristina Alves Martins ,   Federal University of Tocantins, Gurupi, TO, Brazil.
Published: March 2021

The growing demand for renewable energy has stimulated the production of biomass-derived biofuels, with bioethanol and biodiesel forming eco-sustainable energy matrixes. Although the composition is highly origin-dependent, when subjected to appropriate pretreatment, biomass can provide a chemical basis for enzymes production. Endophytic fungi are commonly applied to biomasses as biological pre-treatments. Their ability to colonize environments undergoing constant metabolic interaction makes them favorable candidates for the production of extracellular enzymes with potential application in biofuels production. This review contextualizes biomass sources and provides a bibliographic survey of studies of endophytic fungal strains and molecular and bioprocess techniques for enzyme screening and production. The current study summarizes current knowledge of digestion of lignocellulosic biomass with endophytic fungi-derived enzymes and their capacity for catalyzing the esterification reaction, for ethanol and biodiesel production, respectively.
Defining Effective Gain for Evaluation of Orbital Angular Momentum Links
Authors: Shamoushaki Elaheh , Aliakbarian Hadi
Published: March 2021

In this paper, a communication link based on circular phased array antennas generating orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams at radio frequency is investigated. The presence of a null in the radiation pattern of OAM antennas is the main drawback of them. This problem makes it difficult to establish a telecommunication link using OAM systems and calculate the link budget for such a system. To solve this problem, we have defined two new gain parameters by using Friis Transmission Equation. The new formulas can help to calculate the effective gain of OAM antennas. Also, we have defined the effective OAM gain in detail for the first time in order to evaluate the performance of the OAM links. By using the proposed formulas, a capable and secure link based on the orthogonality of OAM beams can be designed.
Heidegger/Nietzsche. La concepción del ser como mismidad e ipseidad
Authors: Breuer Irene
Published: March 2021

Esta contribución elabora la concepción del ser en su mismidad e ipseidad en Heidegger y Nietzsche, contrastando la concepción nietzscheana de la voluntad de poder y del eterno retorno con la interpretación heideggeriana y enmarcándola dentro de su concepción del ser anterior y posterior a la Kehre. La tesis sostiene que, mientras Heidegger concibe la ipseidad ya no como identidad a sí mismo en el sentido de las egologías tradicionales, sino como modo de existencia auténtico del Dasein que se asume como tal, la concepción de Nietzsche es la inversa: la ipseidad como modo de existencia implica la renuncia a ser uno mismo y la asunción de diferencias y transformación de las fuerzas componentes. Mientras la mismidad en Nietzsche se resume al querer [Wille] como unicidad eternamente retornante, un retorno a la mismidad originaria en el sentido heideggeriano es imposible porque las diferencias son irreductibles a una pertenencia originaria de ser y pensar. Paradójicamente, el “yo” nietzscheano es propiamente él mismo, renunciando a ser él mismo: éste es el poder que lo singulariza.
La forma del sí-mismo como autoafección
Authors: Cornejo Santibáñez José Pedro
Published: March 2021

En el presente trabajo se intenta una aproximación al concepto de «sí-mismo» desarrollado por Heidegger en la analítica existencial de Ser y Tiempo y en las lecciones en torno a ese período. Para lograr tal cometido primero se esclarecen diferencias importantes entre los conceptos de «existencia» y «subjetividad». En base a esa importante diferencia se desarrolla la descripción de la noción heideggeriana de «sí-mismo» en tres partes: (i) se establece la bidimensionalidad como el marco de comprensión de tal fenómeno; (ii) se establece la propiedad como acceso metódico a la finitud, y esta última como ámbito en que el sí-mismo se muestra como fundamento; (iii) se establece la forma del sí-mismo como autoafección en base a su esencia temporal. Lo anterior permite comprender que el sí-mismo no es algo real como el sujeto o la consciencia, sino el carácter de unidad fundamental de la apertura bidimensional.
El enigma del Selbst en la ontología fundamental heideggeriana
Authors: Romano Claude
Published: March 2021

¿Qué significa exactamente la frase aparentemente inocua “das Selbst” (el sí mismo) en la ontología fundamental de Heidegger? ¿Tiene Heidegger realmente una “teoría del yo” de la misma manera que, digamos, Descartes, Locke o Husserl? Esto es lo que a menudo han concluido muchos intérpretes de Ser y tiempo, y es precisamente esa tesis la que el presente artículo intenta criticar. Heidegger no solo rechaza la suposición de un yo sustancial, en la línea de la concepción de Descartes, sino que también refuta cualquier “yo” entendido como simple presencia, cualquier núcleo interno del Dasein, e insiste en la conexión intrínseca entre las “egologías”, de Descartes a Husserl, y la “ontología tradicional”. Lo que parece estar en juego en el planteamiento ontológico fundamental de la Selbstheit y del Selbstsein (ser-sí-mismo) es más bien un cambio de paradigma completo, ya que ambos conceptos se refieren a “modos de ser” o “modos de existir” del Dasein, y de ninguna manera a un ser idéntico a sí mismo o a una condición de su identidad consigo mismo. Al tratar de investigar la economía de los conceptos existenciales relacionados entre sí de Jemeinigkeit, Selbstheit y Man-selbst, este artículo afirma que la ruptura de Heidegger con las “egologías” clásicas es mucho más profunda de lo que a menudo se ha pensado, y que el fenomenólogo de Messkirch, en lugar de intentar dar una nueva respuesta a viejas cuestiones, plantea una pregunta completamente nueva.
APPLIED ASPECT OF SHADCHAKRAS AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN SHARIR VIGYAN
Authors: Dhakad Jyoti , Gupta Pankaj
Published: March 2021

The Chakra is thought to be an energy point or node in the subtle of body. which is thought to flow among them along pathway called Nadis. There are six primary Chakras namely Muladhara, Swadhithana, Ma-nipura, Anahat, Visudha, Ajna Chakra. Sthana of Muladhara Chakra and Swadhithana Chakra is Ling and Gud which can be correlate with inferior hypogastric and sacral plexus. Sthana of Manipura Chakra is Nabhi and is represented by solar plexus. Hrudiya is the sthana of Anahat Chakra and it is represented by cardiac plexus. Sthana of Visuddha Chakra is kantha and is represented by cervical plexus. Sthana of Ajna chakra is between eyebrow and it is Avyakta (union of Prakriti and Purush) hence not related to any plexus. these are directly related to physiological as well as physic centers whose structures correspond more or less with traditional description.
ROLE OF SATVAVAJAYA CIKITSA IN STRESS, QUALITY OF LIFE, PSYCHOSO-CIAL WELL-BEING AND SEXUAL SATISFACTION IN WOMEN WITH POLYCYS-TIC
OVARY SYNDROME
Authors: K Divya , Mangalasseri Prakash , Viswambharan Anitha K
Published: March 2021

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a multisystem disorder having a great impact on psychological and social functioning. It may attribute poor QOL and reduced sexual satisfaction. A non-randomized controlled clin-ical trial to evaluate the add-on effect of Satvavajya Cikitsa in stress, QOL and Psychosocial wellbeing in 30 eligible women in the age group of 18-40 receiving treatment for PCOS from a tertiary care Ayurvedic hospital was tried. 30 participants were consecutively divided into trial group receiving counseling along with conventional treatment for PCOS symptoms and the control group receiving conventional treatment alone. The trial group underwent three sessions of supportive counseling incorporating Ayurvedic princi-ples, each of one-hour duration with 15 days gap. Main outcome measures included psychological stress, PCOS related QOL and general QOL in psycho-social domains and sexual satisfaction. Changes were sig-nificantly different in two groups in stress scores (p<0.001), PCOS related QOL (p<0.001) and general QOL in the Psychological (p<0.01) and social (p<0.05) domains and sexual satisfaction (p<0.05) after the intervention. Better clinical efficacy was also noticed in the trial group.
A CLINICAL STUDY TO EVALUATE THE EFFICACY OF PUSHKARMULADI CHURNA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF VATAJA KASA W.S.R. TO RECURRENT U.R.T.I. IN CHILDREN
Authors: Semwal Aarti , Verma Keerti , N Sujatha
Published: March 2021

Respiratory disorders are the most frequently occurring illness in childhood and the most common medical reason for school or work absenteeism. Vataja Kasa is one of the commonest Symptom of the respiratory illness in Paediatric age. Recurrent attacks make the school going child suffer and may hamper the opti-mum growth and development of child. The present Open label single blind clinical trial was carried out to evaluate the effect of Pushkarmuladi Churna in Vataja Kasa in children. The clinical trial included 30 pa-tients belonging age group of 1 to 16 years. The drug was administered in a daily fixed dose as per “Sha-rangdhar Samhita” along with Madhu for duration of 30 days. There was five follow up and patients were followed up at the interval of every 7 days and 1 month after the completion of the study. The results were analysed statistically. After full observation of treatment modules, it was found that no one patient was found unchanged and no one patient with mild improvement. Whereas moderate improvement was ob-served in 1 patient (8.69%), marked improvement was observed in 8 patients (26.66%), and complete im-provement was observed in 21 patients (70%). The analysis suggested that the Pushkarmuladi Churna is effective and safe herbal formulation in reducing the signs and symptoms of Vataja Kasa.
REVIEW OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF URINARY SYSTEM W.S.R TO MUTRAVAHA SROTAS
Authors: Sawhney Shaveta , 2 Lokesh
Published: March 2021

The living body or Sharir is the result of aggregation of innumerable structures called as Srotas. Srotas is a structural and functional unit of the body through which substance flow from one part to another part and body get nourishment through Srotas. Acharyas mentioned many Srotas like Pranavaha, Udakvaha, Rak-tavaha, Mansvaha, Medovaha, Majjavaha,Shukravaha etc. In this row Mutravaha Srotas is one of the most important and functional Srotas. In Ayurvedic classics Acharya Charaka said Moolsthana of Mutravaha Srotas Basti and Vankshana while Acharya Sushruta considered Moolsthana of Mutravaha Srotas Basti and Medra. Acharya Charaka has narrated the concept from physiological point of view whereas Sushruta has given more emphasis on the anatomical aspect of Srotomoola. Mutravaha Srotas is an important Srotas meant for the excretion of waste product from the body as urine. Mutravaha Srotas is initiated from Basti and Vankshana. Knowledge of Ayurveda in this aspect to provide the better under-standing about the urinary system
UNDERSTANDING THE RELATION BETWEEN MANSIK BHAVAS AND VYADHI
UTPATTI W.S.R. IMMUNITY
Authors: Kumar Hemant , Sharma Rajesh Kumar , Sharma Dinesh Chandra
Published: March 2021

Whenever there for time of crisis in pandemic (like corona in present time), indication to ‘do not panic’ are always given to society. Why?. Is there any relation of doing panic and getting the disease? Is there any possibility of Mansik Bhavas like anger (Krodha), grief (Shoka), anxiety (Chinta), fear (Bhaya) can be the cause or precipitating factor of infection to any person?
Both Ayurveda and modern point of view agrees to the statement that different Mansik Bhavas like Chinta, Shoka, Kama, Krodh, etc. can lead to or can act as Hetu for any disease and hence there is existence of relation between these Mansik Bhavas and Sharirik Vyadhi Utpatti.
Immunity is a condition of being able to resist a particular disease especially through preventing develop-ment of a pathogenic microorganism or by counteracting the effects of its products1. It means that whenev-er any disease occurs there must be some loss of immunity in the related system and the factors responsible for the disease are the cause for lowering the immune response which ultimately indicates the effect of dif-ferent psychological behaviors on immunity of the body.
Ayurvedic texts are full of examples where Mansik Bhavas are mentioned as Hetu in many diseases. Acharya Charak mentioned in Vimanasthan chapter 6 that there is a relation between Sharirik and Mansik Doshas.
In this review article we will understand the Role of Mansik Bhavas in Sharirik Vyadhi Utpatti with differ-ent reference given in Ayurvedic texts and what can be the probable cause of that in terms of immunity ac-cording to modern researches.
A STUDY OF NIDANAS (AETIOLOGICAL FACTORS) OF TAMAKA SHWASA i.e. BRONCHIAL ASTHMA WITH AN ANALYTICAL VIEW
Authors: Ganvit Tejal J. , Kanzaria Himanshu , Soni Anamika , Soni Surendra A.
Published: March 2021

In general meaning, difficulty in breathing or shortness in breathing is termed as ‘Shwasa’. As per Ayurve-da Shwasa Roga is mainly caused by vitiated Vata Dosha and Kapha
Dosha. Maha- Urdhva-Chhinna-Tamaka and Kshudra are the types of Shwasa Roga. Shwasakashtata (Breathlessness), Ativege Kasate (Cough), Pinasa (Running nose), Ghurghurukam (Wheezing), Shayane Shwasa Pidita (Worsen in supine position), Asino Labhate Saukhyam (Relaxing in sitting position), Ush-nabhinanditam are the symptoms of Tamaka Shwasa. Raja-Dhuma (Pollens, Smoke/fumes), Megha-Ambu-Shita-Pragvata (Seasonal changes) are triggering factors of the Tamaka Shwasa. In this condition, patient becomes incapable to do his routine work. Incidences of Bronchial Asthma have been raised in recent dec-ades due to increased industrialization and pollution and this miserable condition can be compared with Tamaka Shwasa described in Ayurveda. In current review article an effort has been made to explain the aetiological factors (Nidana) of Shwasa Roga described in Ayurvedic classical texts with applied and mor-den perspective.
A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF MODE OF ACTION OF DRAKSHADI YOGA IN MANAGEMENT OF ASRIGDARA
Authors: 1 Meemansa , Saini Manish Kumar
Published: March 2021

Asrigdara or dysfunctional uterine bleeding is a menstrual disorder causing the excessive or prolonged bleeding hence deteriorating the health of female. As per Ayurveda classics, according to its pathogenesis Pittashamaka, Vatanulomana, Rakta-Sthapaka, Rakta-Samgrahi, Agni-deepana and Garbhashaya-balya Chikitsa is beneficial in Asrigdara. Because the main motive in its management is to stop bleeding and achieve the normal menstrual cycle in terms of bleeding, duration and frequency, Acharaya Charaka also said its treatment to accomplish on the principles of management of Raktatisara, Raktapitta and Rakta ar-sha. Thus, Drakshadi yoga was taken in this review article from Sushruta Samhita Uttar Tantra 45/34 in reference to Raktapitta Chikitsa. Present study is concerning illumination on the basic mode of action of Drakshadi Yoga in treating the Asrigdara.
A BOOK REVIEW ON VEERASIMHA AVALOKAM- CLASSICAL TEXT ON MEDICAL ASTROLOGY
Authors: Susruth Priyanka , Purohit Rohini
Published: March 2021

Medical astrology is an ancient medical system that associates various parts of the body, diseases, drugs as under the influence of the sun, moon and planets along with twelve astrological signs. Each of the astrological sign is associated with different parts of the human body. Since there are not much text available regarding Medical Astrology, Veerasimha Avalokanam is treatise meant for the Vaidyas for the astrological diagnosis and treat-ment. This text is not much popular across India. Actual text is in sanskrit language. Translations are available in Malayalam, Hindi and English. It is because of this that the translation of the work done by Sri. K Narayan is noteworthy. Though Veerasimhans treatise is titled as astrological diag-nosis and treatment, its mainly meant for daily use by Vaidyas and useful for all students of Indian traditional medicine as a reference book for both diagnosis and treatment .yet at the same time it can also be used very effectively used by all the astrol-ogers who are keen on diagnosing the diseases with planetary positions and then prescribe the Prayaschitha Karmas and directing to appropriate Siddha or Ayurveda doctor, for timely medications and treatment. Thus, Veerasimha Avalokanam is a treatise on medical astrology that collects, corre-lates and present quotes related to various diseases and their astrology, karma Vipaka, Prayaschittas and Ayurveda presents them in one place, truly a courageous lions’ efforts.
EFFECT OF MUSTADI UPANAHA AND TAILA DHARA IN AVASCULAR NECROSIS OF HIP JOINT: SINGLE CASE STUDY
Authors: Manab Sarmah Jyoti , Bharti Mahor , Reshma Arse , Pravesh Kumar
Published: March 2021

Avascular necrosis is a disease in which cellular death of bone component occurs due to interruption of the blood supply. Bone fractures, joint dislocations, alcoholism and long-term use of steroids are the commonly found risk factors of the disease. The disease generally happens in 35 to 60 years old population and commonly affects hip joint. About 10,000 to 20,000 people usually develop osteonecrosis of head of femur yearly in United States. This case deals with a diagnosed case of avascular necrosis of the femoral head in a 68 years old female. Patient had been suffering from pain in the left hip joint since 5 years. She had been under allopathic conservative treatment for her complaints, but symptoms aggravated rapidly since 4 months. So, for further management, she came to Out Patient Department of Panchakarma, Rishikul Campus where three sittings of local application of Mustadi Upanaha on left hip region along with Taila Dhara with Dhanwantaram Taila was performed. After three sittings, she got significant relief in joint pain and her quality of life. The assessment was done based on both subjective as well as objective parameters after each sitting. This study reveals that Panchakarma procedure like Mustadi Upnaha, Taila Dhara provided a significant relief in this case.