bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory Nutraceuticals in LPS-induced Mouse Neuroinflammation Model: An Update
Authors: Catorce Miryam Nava , Gevorkian Goar
Published: January 2020

It is known that peripheral infections, accompanied by inflammation, represent significant
risk factors for the development of neurological disorders by modifying brain development or
affecting normal brain aging. The acute effects of systemic inflammation on progressive and persistent
brain damage and cognitive impairment are well documented. Anti-inflammatory therapies may
have beneficial effects on the brain, and the protective properties of a wide range of synthetic and
natural compounds have been extensively explored in recent years. In our previous review, we provided
an extensive analysis of one of the most important and widely-used animal models of peripherally
induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration - lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice.
We addressed the data reproducibility in published research and summarized basic features and data
on the therapeutic potential of various natural products, nutraceuticals, with known antiinflammatory
effects, for reducing neuroinflammation in this model. Here, recent data on the suitability
of the LPS-induced murine neuroinflammation model for preclinical assessment of a large
number of nutraceuticals belonging to different groups of natural products such as flavonoids, terpenes,
non-flavonoid polyphenols, glycosides, heterocyclic compounds, organic acids, organosulfur
compounds and xanthophylls, are summarized. Also, the proposed mechanisms of action of these
molecules are discussed.
Pre-clinical to Clinical Translational Failures and Current Status of Clinical Trials in Stroke Therapy: A Brief Review
Authors: Dhir Neha , Medhi Bikash , Prakash Ajay , Goyal Manoj Kumar , Modi Manish , Mohindra Sandeep
Published: January 2020

In stroke (cerebral ischemia), despite continuous efforts both at the experimental and
clinical level, the only approved pharmacological treatment has been restricted to tissue plasminogen
activator (tPA). Stroke is the leading cause of functional disability and mortality throughout
worldwide. Its pathophysiology starts with energy pump failure, followed by complex signaling
cascade that ultimately ends in neuronal cell death. Ischemic cascade involves excessive glutamate
release followed by raised intracellular sodium and calcium influx along with free radicals’ generation,
activation of inflammatory cytokines, NO synthases, lipases, endonucleases and other apoptotic
pathways leading to cell edema and death. At the pre-clinical stage, several agents have been
tried and proven as an effective neuroprotectant in animal models of ischemia. However, these
agents failed to show convincing results in terms of efficacy and safety when the trials were conducted
in humans following stroke. This article highlights the various agents which have been tried
in the past but failed to translate into stroke therapy along with key points that are responsible for
the lagging of experimental success to translational failure in stroke treatment.
Molecular Mechanism of Autophagy: Its Role in the Therapy of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Zhao Yuan , Zhang Yidan , Zhang Jian , Zhang Xiangjian , Yang Guofeng
Published: January 2020

:

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder of progressive dementia that is
characterized by the accumulation of beta-amyloid (Aβ)-containing neuritic plaques and intracellular
Tau protein tangles. This distinctive pathology indicates that the protein quality control is compromised
in AD. Autophagy functions as a “neuronal housekeeper” that eliminates aberrant protein
aggregates by wrapping then into autophagosomes and delivering them to lysosomes for degradation.
Several studies have suggested that autophagy deficits in autophagy participate in the accumulation
and propagation of misfolded proteins (including Aβ and Tau). In this review, we summarize
current knowledge of autophagy in the pathogenesis of AD, as well as some pathways targeting the
restoration of autophagy. Moreover, we discuss how these aspects can contribute to the development
of disease-modifying therapies in AD.
A Numerical Study: Transitional Hydrodynamic Behaviour of a Moored Barge in Different Ultra-shallow Water Depths of Malaysia
Authors: Patel M.S. , Azizan Nurliyana , Liew M.S. , Mustaffa Zahiraniza , Ali Montasir Osman , Whyte Andrew
Published: January 2020

Background:

Malaysia has most of its oil reservoirs in the South China sea. The water depth ranges from 50 m to 200 m. The effects of ultra-shallow water are of prime importance in the exploration of marginal oil fields. Hence, there is an increasing demand for understanding the hydrodynamic behavior of FPSO in ultra-shallow water depths.

Objective:

A simulation study in both frequency-domain and time-domain analyses has been performed to understand the dynamic responses of a moored barge in varying shallow water depths. The objective of this study was to observe the transitional hydrodynamic behavior of the moored barge under varying shallow water depths.

Methods:

The moored barge was administered under regular and irregular waves. Operating conditions for irregular waves in terms of significant wave height and peak time period were incorporated from PETRONAS Technical Standards (PTS). The wave-body interactions and mooring effects have been numerically modelled using a commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and simulation software (ANSYS AQWA) successfully. In order to gain confidence in the simulation software, additional experimental validation was performed for a FPSO model.

Results:

Though the barge was primarily free to rotate in all Degrees Of Freedom (DOF), however, only three DOFs were considered for our study; viz, heave, roll and yaw respectively. The force spectral density, cable RAO’s in addition to the time series of cable forces, along with the effect of significant motions on the mooring cables behavior have been discussed.

Conclusion:

In irregular beam sea state, the significant motions in ultra-shallow water were greater than that for deep waters, this was primarily the main reason for higher cable responses in ultra-shallow water.
Effect of Feeding Different Mixtures of Short Milled Wheat and Sesame Seed Cake on Intake, Digestibility, and Live Bodyweight Changes for Abergelle Sheep in Tigray
Authors: Gebremariam Berihu
Published: January 2020

Background:

The use of agro-industrial by-products is an alternative to enhance the performance of animals.

Objective:

To improve feed intake, digestibility, and live bodyweight changes for Abergelle sheep fed different mixtures prepared using short milled wheat and sesame seed cake mixtures.

Methods:

The experiment was designed using yearling male rams and was divided into four blocks based on initial live weight and assigned to each dietary feed randomly. The diets were prepared at a level of 0, 120, 240, and 360 gram dry matter base/day for diet1, diet2, diet3, and diet4, respectively, with a proportion of 65:35 (short milled wheat: sesame seed cake) combinations. Digestibility trial was conducted for 7 consecutive days following the 90 days feeding stage.

Results:

Total dry matter and nutrient intake were significant (P<0.001) in the order of diet4> diet3> diet2 level of supplementation than the control group (diet1). Feed conversion efficiency and final bodyweight gain were significant (P<0.01) for the supplemented groups. Apparent digestibility of crude protein was observed highest in diet4 (81.32) and lowest in diet1 (61.55). Similarly, dry matter and organic matter digestibility were significantly higher in diet4 (74.47, 76.38) and lowest in diet1 (58.71, 60.42), respectively. In general, supplementation with different levels of sesame seed cake and short milled wheat improves the biological performance of Abergelle sheep.

Conclusion:

The growth performance of rams can be realized supplementing with diets prepared using short milled wheat and sesame seed cake mixtures.
A Variable Temperature Study of the π–π Stacking Interaction in the Co-Crystal Naphthalene-Octafluoronaphthalene
Authors: Burrows Judith , Sain Prithwish , Saunders Graham C.
Published: January 2020

Introduction:

The structure of the 1:1 co-crystal of naphthalene and octafluoronaphthalene, which has been previously determined at room temperature, was determined at 100, 150, 200 and 250 K.

Results:

Reductions in intermolecular distances and unit cell dimensions are observed on cooling. DFT calculations reveal that the energies of interaction between pairs of molecules vary little with temperature.

Conclusion:

The strongest interaction is the π–π stacking between virtually parallel naphthalene and octafluoronaphthalene molecules and this displays less change with temperature than the other, weaker, interactions, which have much shallower energy minima.
The Teratogenic Mechanism of Echinochrome as a Hypoglycemic Agent on Wistar Rats
Authors: Mohamed Ayman S. , Din Eman Y. Salah EL , Farag Neveen A. , Tawfik Abdel Rahman A.
Published: January 2020

Background:

Echinochrome (Ech) is the active ingredient in the Histochrome drug, which possesses strong antioxidant, hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic activity.

Objective:

The present work aimed to characterize the malformations induced by moderate and high dose of Ech during pregnancy.

Methods:

In this study, eighteen (18) female pregnant rats were assigned into 3 groups (6 rats/ group); control group, low dose Ech (0.1 mg/kg) and high dose Ech (1 mg/kg).

Results:

The high dose of Ech caused a significant decrease in the number of embryos, uteri weight, body weight gain, placenta weight, and embryo weight and length. Also, the high dose led to a significant increase in serum AST, ALT, ALP, urea and uric acid of mothers.

Conclusion:

Our findings revealed the first teratogenic effects of high dose Ech. The teratogenic mechanism of Ech works through induction of the hypoglycemic condition in pregnant rats.
Kurdish Manifestations in Muheyaddin Zanagana Novel Asus
Authors: Gareeb Hawzheen Abdulkhaliq
Published: January 2020

Muheyaddin Zanagana is a Kurdish author, playwright and novelist, he was born in Kirkuk. He authored several works in different literary domain such as theater, story writing and novels. One of his most important and widespread work was the novel “Asus”, which had in between the lines a Kurdish features, depicting or explaining the various aspect of Kurdish society characteristics. I find that shedding lights on this novel is highly noteworthy, thus this paper is an attempt to show and review these Kurdish aspects and manifestations.
تشكيل الخطاب الشعري بين المعنى والمقام قصيدة البردة لكعب بن زهير أنموذجا
Authors: Mustafa Ismaeel Ibrahim , Ahmad Kawther Mohammed
Published: January 2020

The subject of this study is in the field of discourse, And specifically how to form a poetic discourse, And looks for the most important factors in this regard, It appeared that the poet in the process of artistic construction of the poem takes the context into account, While relying on his technical experience, This will put him in the process of compatibility between influential.

With regard to a poet who lived before Islam and fed a Jahiliyya culture and he wanted to produce a poetic speech in an Islamic context, It becomes more important in the content of his discourse, While seeking to satisfy the consignee he draws from his accumulated culture, And is in negotiations between the two sides.

Our poet “Kaab bin Zuhair” poet Jahili, But he said poetry before the Messenger of Allah, He had to consider his position and the context of his poem, This has resulted in the poem “AlBurda”, It was discussed during the research on the question of meaning and its relationship to human perception.
Phonological Perspective in Recognizing Kurdish Language Word
Authors: Faraj Shakhawan Jalal , Qadir Karwan Omar , Mahmud Avesta Kamal
Published: January 2020

This research is confers Speech Perception and a Phonological perspective in a frame of TRACE model in a Connectionist point of view and that’s all to Analysis Kurdish and Persian language relatives. According to this view the research entitled (Speech perception and phonological Analysis in Word Recognition). In this research we assumes that Kurdish and Persian language have many similarity especially in phonological level , for reasoning this assumption and analyzing our data we use TRACE model which, developed by McClelland and Elman (1986), is speech recognition model similar to the interactive model of word recognition , and it is based on a connectionist approach in psycholinguistics.

The data that this research investigate drive us to serial Conclusion which are close to our first assumption (more relative between two language ) and every difference between two related languages should be explicable to a high degree of plausibility, and systematic changes by this the study declares historical relationships between the two languages and the synchronically difference. The research content a preface and a body which is divide to three sections and a conclusion: First section: it contents a review of Trace Model (concept and the principle) and the reason to work with this model and selecting it among all another models, because TRACE is based on a connectionist system. There are connections among units at three levels: features, phonemes and words and The TRACE model are thus consistent with the idea of competition among units in the lexicon. In other words, at given time.

Second section:  in this section we achieve the TRACE model in Kurdish language, particularly in word cognition and phonological level because the models base on three basic levels: phonological   Features, phonemes and word. Third section : we compare in this section  both of the two languages(Kurdish and Persian )  through what we got from the results in the second section and this comparative lead us to three main results, like that the both languages have similar phonemic system with a rare different in phonemes feature.
Atypical Repetition in Daily Conversation on Different Days for Detecting Alzheimer Disease: Evaluation of Phone-Call Data From Regular Monitoring Service
Authors: Yamada Yasunori , Shinkawa Kaoru , Shimmei Keita
Published: January 2020

Background

Identifying signs of Alzheimer disease (AD) through longitudinal and passive monitoring techniques has become increasingly important. Previous studies have succeeded in quantifying language dysfunctions and identifying AD from speech data collected during neuropsychological tests. However, whether and how we can quantify language dysfunction in daily conversation remains unexplored.

Objective

The objective of this study was to explore the linguistic features that can be used for differentiating AD patients from daily conversations.

Methods

We analyzed daily conversational data of seniors with and without AD obtained from longitudinal follow-up in a regular monitoring service (from n=15 individuals including 2 AD patients at an average follow-up period of 16.1 months; 1032 conversational data items obtained during phone calls and approximately 221 person-hours). In addition to the standard linguistic features used in previous studies on connected speech data during neuropsychological tests, we extracted novel features related to atypical repetition of words and topics reported by previous observational and descriptive studies as one of the prominent characteristics in everyday conversations of AD patients.

Results

When we compared the discriminative power for AD, we found that atypical repetition in two conversations on different days outperformed other linguistic features used in previous studies on speech data during neuropsychological tests. It was also a better indicator than atypical repetition in single conversations as well as that in two conversations separated by a specific number of conversations.

Conclusions

Our results show how linguistic features related to atypical repetition across days could be used for detecting AD from daily conversations in a passive manner by taking advantage of longitudinal data.
The Use of Text Messaging to Improve Clinical Engagement for Individuals With Psychosis: Systematic Review
Authors: D'Arcey Jessica , Collaton Joanna , Kozloff Nicole , Voineskos Aristotle N , Kidd Sean A , Foussias George
Published: January 2020

Background

Individuals experiencing psychosis are at a disproportionate risk for premature disengagement from clinical treatment. Barriers to clinical engagement typically result from funding constraints causing limited access to and flexibility in services. Digital strategies, such as SMS text messaging, offer a low-cost alternative to potentially improve engagement. However, little is known about the efficacy of SMS text messaging in psychosis.

Objective

This review aimed to address this gap, providing insights into the relationship between SMS text messaging and clinical engagement in the treatment of psychosis.

Methods

Studies examining SMS text messaging as an engagement strategy in the treatment of psychosis were reviewed. Included studies were published from the year 2000 onward in the English language, with no methodological restrictions, and were identified using 3 core databases and gray literature sources.

Results

Of the 233 studies extracted, 15 were eligible for inclusion. Most studies demonstrated the positive effects of SMS text messaging on dimensions of engagement such as medication adherence, clinic attendance, and therapeutic alliance. Studies examining the feasibility of SMS text messaging interventions found that they are safe, easy to use, and positively received.

Conclusions

Overall, SMS text messaging is a low-cost, practical method of improving engagement in the treatment of psychosis, although efficacy may vary by symptomology and personal characteristics. Cost-effectiveness and safety considerations were not adequately examined in the studies included. Future studies should consider personalizing SMS text messaging interventions and include cost and safety analyses to appraise readiness for implementation.
Experiences of Gamified and Automated Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy for Spider Phobia: Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lindner Philip , Rozental Alexander , Jurell Alice , Reuterskiöld Lena , Andersson Gerhard , Hamilton William , Miloff Alexander , Carlbring Per
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND

Virtual reality exposure therapy is an efficacious treatment of anxiety disorders, and recent research suggests that such treatments can be automated, relying on gamification elements instead of a real-life therapist directing treatment. Such automated, gamified treatments could be disseminated without restrictions, helping to close the treatment gap for anxiety disorders. Despite initial findings suggesting high efficacy, very is little is known about how users experience this type of intervention.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to examine user experiences of automated, gamified virtual reality exposure therapy using in-depth qualitative methods.

METHODS

Seven participants were recruited from a parallel clinical trial comparing automated, gamified virtual reality exposure therapy for spider phobia against an in vivo exposure equivalent. Participants received the same virtual reality treatment as in the trial and completed a semistructured interview afterward. The transcribed material was analyzed using thematic analysis.

RESULTS

Many of the uncovered themes pertained directly or indirectly to a sense of presence in the virtual environment, both positive and negative. The automated format was perceived as natural and the gamification elements appear to have been successful in framing the experience not as psychotherapy devoid of a therapist but rather as a serious game with a psychotherapeutic goal.

CONCLUSIONS

Automated, gamified virtual reality exposure therapy appears to be an appealing treatment modality and to work by the intended mechanisms. Findings from the current study may guide the next generation of interventions and inform dissemination efforts and future qualitative research into user experiences.
Marx’s View of Interests and Its Development and Innovation in China
Authors: Ding HongMei
Published: January 2020

Interests refer to the ultimate cause of human activity. Marx’s view of interests has thoroughly analyzed the development of material interests in social history, which has been developed, innovated and specifically applied in China. From the age of reforming and opening up to contemporary China, the problem of interests should be the fundamental issue that we must pay attention to in all our work. This paper mainly studies the core of Marx’s view of interests and considering the current situation, this theory has been constantly updated to meet the contemporary needs, while its development and innovation in China also add value to Marx’s theory itself.
NANOSPHERE-LOADED TADALAFIL WITH ENHANCED ORAL BIOAVAILABILITY: INNOVATIVE APPLICATION OF ELECTROHYDRODYNAMIC TECHNIQUE
Authors: MEHANNA MOHAMMED M. , ALWATTAR JANA K.
Published: January 2020

Objective: Electrohydrodynamic atomization is a technique that utilizes electrical potential differences for the fabrication of particles ranging from nano to micrometer size, where the ultra-charged droplets of drug-loaded mist deposit as nanospheres after solvent evaporation. The drug-loaded polymeric spherical nanocomposites have a small volume with large surface area, which is a beneficial characteristic for dissolution and bioavailability enhancement of class II drugs.

Methods: This facile approach is employed for the preparation of tadalafil-loaded nanosystems, a class II drug used for erectile dysfunction treatment. Tadalafil-loaded nanoparticles prepared with different polymer concentrations were evaluated through process yield, drug loading, morphology and functional performance. Further, drug solid-state and compatibility of formulation components were assessed.

Results: The results obtained pointed out that nanoparticles were of uniform spherical morphologies with a size range between 1279±141 and 374±13 nm. The system maintained a high loading efficacy of 88%, with most of the loaded drug released within 2 min during the in vitro dissolution studies. The differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy demonstrated the presence of tadalafil in an amorphous form or as a molecular dispersion within the polymer matrix.

Conclusion: Tadalafil-loaded nanoparticles manufactured through this methodology is qualified as a strategy to ameliorate its solubility and bioavailability.
MAKING THE MOST OF EXPERIENCE: FROM SYLLABUS TO TEXTBOOK DESIGN
Authors: Vukićević Đorđević Ljiljana
Published: January 2020

A well-crafted ESP syllabus fosters learning by bridging the gap between foreign language learning and the field of profession. Besides, ESP syllabi should promote a specific genre and content-based tasks established on and integrated with functional grammar and lexicon. In our classroom, we have adopted the situation-based learning approach and context-based vocabulary learning. Experimental science with English-based instruction offers the first-hand experience through observation inside laboratories to our students of biology, chemistry, and environmental science. Building up students’ language competence is vocabulary-based and thus special attention is paid to word chunks and wordlists. Although often regarded as a ‘service activity’, ESP is also a medium between academic and popular genres. Teaching a foreign language, especially English as the lingua franca of our age, is not just a stultifying practice of teaching a thoughtful discipline but providing students with valuable vocational knowledge.
DEVELOPING ACADEMIC SKILLS IN BLENDED ENVIRONMENTS
Authors: Balula Ana , Vasconcelos Sandra , Moreira António
Published: January 2020

More teacher-centred in general, Higher Education Institutions are moving towards the incorporation of innovative and interactive practices and programmes, and in the last decades e- and b-learning have increasingly become credible alternatives to traditional modes of teaching and learning, and rethinking their curricula and strategies to incorporate e-approaches and digital technologies. The catalysts for this change thrive on the need to keep pace with other universities and recruiting students. The main goal of this paper is to briefly describe a PhD programme of the University of Aveiro, Portugal, and to put forward some selected blended strategies, namely concerning the use of digital technology to enhance learning and develop academic skills. Even though this paper does not directly address the topic of ESP, best practices described here are multi-disciplinary in nature, and offer insights as regards teaching practices and clues for academic and professional development and research on this topic.Stemming from the definition of ‘academic skills’, several online teaching and learning strategies are described. We therefore focus our paper on three selected strategies, used in this PhD for developing project group-work, writing academic papers and presenting research to peers. We delve on three main academic skills (collaboration, writing and presentation), as they are the basis for meaningful and lifelong learning. These are transferable and extensive and rely on students’ critical thinking and also on their team-work and initiative abilities, requiring them to be effective communicators and negotiators.The PhD programme makes use of blended strategies and digital technology to enhance participants’ learning experiences, sustaining the development of their academic skills. Students are required to participate in, produce and disseminate scientific research. Describing how different academic skills are developed throughout the PhD modules, the present text offers a fresh outlook on digital technology as a means of leveraging students’ academic/research skills, putting forth practices that can be relevant for a wide variety of academic and professional domains. The program described is blended and offered in sequential subjects, allowing students to concentrate on a topic at a time and carry out more in-depth and focused research, integrating individual and collective knowledge. This structure and flexible delivery mode also meet the students’ needs due to their professional obligations, promoting opportunities of continuous lifelong learning.Regarding academic skills, by relying strongly on collaboration, interaction and peer feedback, the PhD fosters autonomous learning and critical thinking, offering students the opportunity to engage in networking and the development of interpersonal skills, which are crucial for their academic future, and closer to what will be expected from them in their professional lives.
TEACHING OCCUPATIONAL SPEAKING SKILLS TO WORKERS OF A HERITAGE MUSEUM
Authors: Karunakar Martha Thindle
Published: January 2020

This paper describes a study program of teaching the English language for a specific purpose, to workers employed in a Heritage Museum in South India. The need for the program arose from the requests of the management as the workers were involved in showcasing the museum, its activities and artifacts, largely using the English language to visitors and tourists from varied language-speaking states within India and abroad. This paper examines the effectiveness of ‘show and tell’ and related activities at facilitating a group of skilled artisans and workers’ production of English sentence structures. Seven learners employed in the heritage museum carried out monologue and dialogue activities designed to enhance speaking skills, particularly related to their profession. Pre- and post-intervention test activities were recorded and analyzed to examine if ‘show and tell’ and related activities facilitated the learners' speaking skills. Activities were video-recorded and transcribed to determine the fluency of the learners. Fluency was interpreted in terms of the number of pauses, false starts, repetitions that occurred within the speech. The results showed that the learners produced more fluent sentences on the post-intervention activity. Implications of the use of monologue and dialogue activities using the situated learning approach on fluency are discussed.
THE CONSTRUCTION AND ACTIVATION OF LANGUAGE USERS' BACKGROUND SCHEMATA IN MEDICAL DOMAIN DISCOURSE
Authors: Rubtsova Svetlana Yurievna , Anisimova Ksenia , Demidoff Mikhail
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Schema theory postulates that background knowledge facilitates and speeds up communication. According to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR), human communication is dependent on this knowledge, and language users are expected to have the appropriate level of world knowledge across a number of domains. PACTE group at Autonomous University of Barcelona is currently designing a similar framework for translators, and emphasises to the same degree the importance of background knowledge. While the practical need for background knowledge across specialised domains in language learning and in translation has been shown, the specific ways of capturing, organising and making it available for future users remains to be elucidated. The authors of this paper observed two professional interpreters prepare, produce an interpretation, and reflect on their work in the context of a conference in veterinary surgery. On at least four occasions the interpreters felt that their saturation levels were exceeded, and they self-reported the probable disruption in communication. During the follow-up interview they attributed the four problematic situations to their limited understanding of certain concepts that the speaker had chosen to refer to. We identified the exact pieces of information that the interpreters felt they lacked, and worked out a form of capturing, organising and transferring such information so that it be will a natural extension of the traditional self-preparation process. We propose two concepts: (1) The Index of Sophistication to predict the degree of professional complexity of a given text; and (2) A multilingual explanatory Databank, organised as a series of overlapping semantic networks that could help language users visualise and internalise the schemata in Medical domain. We think that this work has implications for interpreter/translator training, as well as for teaching English for Specific Purposes (Medical). By implementing the Index of Sophistication and the Databank, at least for some medical specialties, we could facilitate greater precision and validity of medical translation.Key words: background schemata, medical English, Trauma and Orthopedics, Databank, anticipation strategy, Index of Sophistication, Tight Rope Hypothesis
Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan Dana Bantuan Operasional Sekolah Berbasis WEB di SMPN 2 Satui Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Nasution Ade Nurhidayat , S.Kom, M.Kom. Maskur , Sari Zamah
Published: January 2020

ABSTRAKDana Bantuan Operasional Sekolah (BOS) merupakan program pemerintah yang pada dasarnya untuk penyediaan pendanaan biaya non-personalia bagi satuan pendidikan dasar sebagai pelaksana program wajib belajar. Dana BOS tersebut bertujuan untuk menggratiskan seluruh siswa miskin di tingkat pendidikan dasar dari beban biaya operasional sekolah, baik di sekolah negeri maupun sekolah swasta, menggratiskan seluruh siswa SD dan SMP negeri terhadap biaya operasional sekolah, kecuali pada Sekolah Bertaraf Internasional (SBI) dan Rintisan Sekolah Bertaraf Internasional (RSBI), dan meringankan beban biaya operasi sekolah bagi siswa di sekolah swasta.Adanya dana BOS tidak didukung dengan pengelolaan yang bagus di setiap sekolah termasuk di Sekolah Menengan Pertama Negeri 2 Satui. Dalam  melakukan pengelolaan dana BOS masih dilakukan dengan pencatatan manual sehingga kadang terjadi human error seperti kesalahan dalam penginputan data yang menyebabkan data menjadi tidak akurat dan relevan. Menanggapi adanya kendala tersebut, maka dibuatlah sistem informasi berbasis web untuk menyelesaikan masalah tersebut. Sistem ini bisa memberikan  kemudahan bagi bendahara untuk membuat laporan keuangan yang selalu terupdate setiap bulannya dan memudahkan Kepala Sekolah untuk melihat laporan yang telah dibuat ABSTRACT            School Operational Assistace Fund (BOS) is a goverment program basically to provide no-personnel funding for basic education programs. The BOS fund aims to eliminate all poor student in basic education level from school operating costs, both in public schools and private schools. Eliminating all state elementary and junior high school students on school operating costs, except for International school standart (SBI) and Stub International School Standart (RSBI), and ease the burden of school operating costs for students in private schools.            The existence of BOS funds is not supported by good management in every school including at SMP Negeri 2 Satui. In managing BOS funds are still done with manual recording so that sometimes there is human error such as mistakes in inputting data that causes data to be inaccurate and relevant. Responding to these ocstacles, then a web-based information system made to solve the problem. This system can make treasurer easy the to create financial report that always update each month and facilitate the headmaster to see the reports that have been made.
The Evaluation of shelf life of Arabica mixed coffee drinks using accelerated shelf life testing method.
Authors: Cempaka Laras , Nugrafitri Akbar Ajeng Qonita , Asiah Nurul
Published: January 2020

Arabica coffee drinks in this study were made from three parts of coffee beans are cascara, which is the skin of coffee fruit; green coffee beans; and roasted coffee beans. This beverage product is then packaged and stored in a ready to drink glass bottle. This study aim to determine the shelf life of mixed arabica coffee beverage products, using the ASLT method. Samples were stored under different temperature conditions: 4oC, 27oC and 37oC. The test consists of measuring pH, total dissolved solids (ppm), total sugar (oBrix), total color difference (ΔE) and total plate count (log CFU/ ml). The results showed that during storage occurred to change the physicochemical properties and the number of microbes in the mixed arabica coffee drinks. Each parameter has a different activation energy value. The higher the storage temperature was proven to the smaller the activation energy, which indicates a shorter shelf life. This arabica coffee drink has a shelf life of 4 days if stored at 4oC.
Participation of Russia in the International Cooperation for Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Energy Companies
Authors: Liubarskaia Maria Aleksandrovna , Merkusheva Viktoria Sergeevna , Zinovieva Olga Sergeevna
Published: January 2020

The article analyzes the participation of the Russian Federation in international cooperation on the climate change prevention. Global climate change in terms of its impact on world economy is presented as a catalyst for multidirectional shifts in many sectors of economy. The adoption of international documents such as the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (1992), the Kyoto Protocol (1997), the Paris Agreement (2015), and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (2015) are viewed as vital steps for regulating international cooperation in this sphere. Analyzing the provisions of the 2020 Climate Doctrine of the Russian Federation (2009), the authors emphasize the aspiration for international political and economic integration and deep economic interest in modernization as main factors, affecting Russian climate policy strategy. One of the mechanisms of implementing state policy in the field of environmental safety is the adoption of state regulation of greenhouse gas emissions and the consideration of these measures in the development of longterm strategies for socio-economic development. The authors urge for creating regional strategies for climate change prevention with necessary adjustment and adaptation to a specific region or constituent entity of the Russian Federation. In presenting the research results, the concept of “global warming potential” and the role of managing this potential in achieving sustainable development goals are disclosed. The authors argue that a significant contribution to the increase in greenhouse gas emissions is made by the production activities of the energy sector. Based on the data of the largest international companies (Chevron, ExxonMobil, ConocoPhillips, BP, PetroChina, Shell, Gazprom, LUKOIL, Rosneft), directions for reducing their negative environmental impact were determined, including the classification of tools for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. International practice analysis forms the necessary ground to elaborate the most promising modern tools for reducing greenhouse gas emissions by Russian oil and gas companies.
Multipolar World Order: Old Myths and New Realities
Authors: Degterev Denis Andreevich
Published: January 2020

The concept of multipolarity has come a long way from its categorical rejection by Western politicians and scholars to the strong necessity of taking into account the realities of a multipolar world even by US closest allies. The article is devoted to the analysis of the official discourse, normative and positive concepts of the study of polarity, including system models of international relations, an empirical assessment of the current distribution of power in the world, as well as forecasting the further development of world dynamics. An analysis of the political discourse on polarity over the past 25 years is made and the most significant political figures are highlighted - defenders of multipolarity (BRICS and EU countries) as well as adherents of the unipolar world (NATO countries). The basic theories (mainly of a normative nature) that conceptualize both unipolar discourse (hegemonic stability theory) and multipolar one (theory of multipolar world) are shown. The intellectual segregation between two main approaches to the study of international systems is provided - abstract verbal models of systems vs empirical (quantitative) system research. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the real distribution of power in the international arena. The main approaches and related methodological challenges are considered. Analysis of the relative shares of USA, Russia (USSR) and China in world power based on Composite Index of National Capability (CINC) is provided. The assessment of material potential is complemented by a multifactor (more than 30 parameters) comprehensive study of both “hard” and “soft” power of three countries. The main theoretical approaches to the concept of multipolarity are clarified. The empirical analysis revealed the formation of a “new bipolarity” (USA and China) while maintaining the leading role of the Russian Federation in the field of high politics and global security. It is predicted that China is gradually “trying on” the role of a new hegemon and is already less interested in a radical revision of the current world order. The strategic adaptation of the closest US allies to the realities of a multipolar world is shown.
Controle social e reprodução capitalista: polêmicas e estratégias contemporâneas
Authors: Souza Reivan Marinho de
Published: January 2020

Debate alguns elementos sobre a temática controle social referenciada na concepção marxiana. Aborda teoricamente as bases do controle na sociedade capitalista, a relação entre controle social e a esfera da política e controle social e Serviço Social. Indaga sobre a possibilidade, nessa sociedade, do capital manter o controle da base material (produção social) para garantir a acumulação, e o trabalho construir formas de controle (estratégias sociais) para enfrentar as desigualdades sociais e promover a reversão do desenvolvimento histórico do capitalismo a favor de seus interesses. Argumenta que essa articulação é problemática devido às determinações do capital e à ocorrência das crises cíclicas e da crise estrutural que agrava e complexifica as conseqüências sociais da reprodução material e social do trabalho no mundo contemporâneo. Problematiza algumas estratégias históricas de enfrentamento do trabalho sobre as determinações estruturais do controle capitalista, discutindo os limites dessa relação entre a esfera da economia e a da política.
Projeto ético-político, consciência de classe e projeto societário: uma relação dialética
Authors: Silva Salyanna de Souza , Mustafá Maria Alexandra da Silva Monteiro
Published: January 2020

Este artigo apresenta os principais resultados da Dissertação realizada junto ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Serviço Social na Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), em 2011. Teve como objetivo principal analisar, a partir da atuação junto aos usuários(as) e da mobilização junto aos demais trabalhadores(as) da assistência social, o movimento da consciência de classe das/dos assistentes sociais dos Centros de Referência da Assistência Social (CRASs) de Recife; e sua relação dialética com o Projeto Ético-Político. A efetivação do projeto profissional do Serviço Social é tensionada por diversos fatores, sendo necessária a construção democrática de espaços coletivos juntamente a outras categorias profissionais e movimentos sociais. Nesse processo entendemos como componente essencial o reconhecimento de pertencimento à classe trabalhadora, por meio da tomada de consciência classe. Em nossas reflexões percebemos que as/os assistentes sociais dos CRASs em Recife, como também os demais trabalhadores(as) da Assistência Social, passam por um processo de uma tomada de consciência enquanto grupo, com indícios de identidade e solidariedade entre seus membros. Tal movimento contribui para a organização e fortalecimento desse segmento, visando, além da garantia dos direitos trabalhistas, a melhor implementação da política de assistência social no município. Ressaltamos que esse processo é a constatação de que existe um forte indício de objetivação do projeto profissional em uma interlocução com a construção de um novo projeto societário para a sociedade brasileira.
Entrevista com Helena Silvestre - militante do Movimento Luta Popular
Authors: Abramides Maria Beatriz Costa , Duriguetto Maria Lúcia
Published: January 2020

Entrevista sobre movimento social
Trabalho e especulação financeira: uma relação (im) perfeita
Authors: Sabadini Mauricio de Souza
Published: January 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é o de estabelecer algumas conexões entre a especulação financeira e as alterações no mundo do trabalho. Aqui, ao contrário da visão ortodoxa, não trataremos a expansão da esfera financeira do capital como fenômeno isolado, somente associado à fase de circulação capitalista. Ao contrário, adotamos como método o entendimento da relação dialética entre as fases de produção e de circulação do ciclo global do capital sob forte interferência do capital fictício. A nosso ver, a compreensão da dinâmica da expansão financeira, fundada sobre o capital fictício, é de extrema importância para o entendimento das mudanças no mundo do trabalho no capitalismo contemporâneo, caracterizadas pela desestruturação e pelo aumento da precarização.
Abepss 2009-2010: estágio, pesquisa e consolidação institucional
Authors: Behring Elaine Rossetti
Published: January 2020

A Associação Brasileira de Ensino e Pesquisa de Serviço Social – Abepss – tem sido um pilar fundamental da organização político-profissional do Serviço Social brasileiro, como parte do que designamos a partir dos anos 90 como Projeto Ético-Político profissional. Em que pese suas orientações e documentos não terem força de lei, a Abepss conta com forte legitimidade política e respeito acadêmico, o que pudemos constatar na vivência da Gestão 2009-2010. Essa referência foi construída nos seus 65 anos de história e tem permitido direcionar a formação profissional em Serviço Social no Brasil, ainda que num ambiente bastante adverso ao projeto preconizado em seu documento mais importante das últimas décadas, as Diretrizes Curriculares de 1996, de onde decorrem suas demais orientações.
Editorial
Authors: Montaño Carlos , Guerra Yolanda A.D.
Published: January 2020

Editorial
PRIVATIZAÇÃO DA TERRA: INTERSECÇÕES DAS QUESTÕES AGRÁRIA E AMBIENTAL
Authors: Valadão Vanda de Aguiar , Barcellos Gilsa Helena
Published: January 2020

RESUMO O presente artigo tem como objeto de análise o processo de privatização da terra no espaço agrário brasileiro. Para tanto, buscou-se analisar: o virulento processo de expansão e domínio do capital sobre o território e sobre os ecossistemas locais; a violência estrutural como um traço inato do modo de produção capitalista, que produz e reproduz um estado permanente de indigência, pauperismo, lumpenização e de marginalização social. Como procedimentos metodológicos foram utilizadas as pesquisas bibliográfica e documental. A partir dos dados sistematizados, foi possível observar que o processo de privatização da terra no Brasil se insere no contexto mais amplo de acumulação de capital, produzindo impactos perversos, entre eles, a mercantilização da biodiversidade e a expropriação territorial de populações locais.
METABOLISMO SOCIAL DO CAPITAL, NOVAS TECNOLOGIAS E OS DESAFIOS POLÍTICOS AOS TRABALHADORES: NOTAS AO DEBATE
Authors: Grossi Monica
Published: January 2020

Este texto tem como objetivo discutir a relação entre sociedade e natureza sob o capitalismo, a criação de novas tecnologias, como as nanotecnologias (NT), e a produção de sementes varietais, tendo em conta as implicações sociais e ambientais que se direcionam para a exploração do que Marx (1983) chama de as duas forças que produzem todas as riquezas: a natureza e o trabalho.
BRESSER-PEREIRA E O PACTO NEODESENVOLVIMENTISTA
Authors: Pfeifer Mariana
Published: January 2020

O presente ensaio tem por objetivo analisar o Novo Desenvolvimentismo mediante o resgate do pensamento do economista Luis Carlos Bresser-Pereira. Identificou-se que sua proposta apresenta elementos que, lançados na sociedade brasileira do século XXI, entra na disputa hegemônica e busca construir um novo pacto social, que denomino de Pacto Neodesenvolvimentista. Segundo as estratégias de Bresser-Pereira, este pacto pressupõe a construção de um acordo nacional dirigidopelo segmento dos empresários industriais nacionais e firmado entreos diferentes segmentos de classe no país. Enquanto proposta político--econômica, o Novo Desenvolvimentismo apresenta um receituário que engloba, por um lado, um conjunto de recomendações micro emacroeconômicas, e por outro, uma estratégia ideopolítica assentada em concepções relativas ao mercado, Estado, sociedade civil, classes, globalização, entre outros conceitos que lhe dão sustentação teórica epolítica e que evidenciam a existência de uma nova ofensiva burguesano Brasil, agora alicerçada em outro bloco que disputa a direção da sociedade brasileira do século XXI.
A CONCEPÇÃO DE QUESTÃO SOCIOAMBIENTAL E O SERVIÇO SOCIAL
Authors: Nunes Letícia Soares , Silva Amanda Gomes de Medeiros
Published: January 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo problematizar a concepção de questão socioambiental de assistentes sociais que atuam diante dessa temática emergente, com base num recorte da pesquisa documental e empírica realizada em 2012, em que foram entrevistados seis assistentes sociais da região da Grande Florianópolis/SC. Afirma-se a importância de se compreender a concepção de questão socioambiental dos assistentes sociais, pois, a depender da concepção, sua prática pode tender a uma ação conservadora ou transformadora. Ou seja, postula-se a necessidade de articulação entre teoria e prática, em que aqueles que desenvolvem as ações no âmbito da questão socioambiental, a partir do conhecimento crítico e da compreensão da realidade concreta, precisam construir alternativas viáveis e compatíveis com a opção teórica adotada, refletindo acerca de sua prática e do que a fundamenta