bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Моделювання пружного елемента тримасової коливальної системи з ефектом «нульової жорсткості
Authors: Дмитрев Василий
Published: March 2021

Одним із перспективних напрямків розвитку вібраційного технологічного обладнання є створення міжрезонансних вібраційних машин. Міжрезонансні режими роботи забезпечують значне зниження енергоспоживання у приводах.

Метою роботи є розроблення методики моделювання пружних елементів для тримасової міжрезонансної вібраційної системи  з ефектом “нульової жорсткості”.

За умови довільного підбору мас при певному резонансному налагодженні безрозмірний коефіцієнт, як частка від жорсткості пружної системи реактивної маси, набуває таких значень, при яких жорсткість пружної системи узгоджуються з інерційними параметрами системи в тому, щоб тримасова міжрезонансна коливальна система перебувала в резонансі. Ефект “нульової жорсткості” уможливлений за відсутності пружного елементу для реактивної маси, або за нульового значення безрозмірного коефіцієнта, як частки від жорсткості пружної системи реактивної маси.

Приведено результати визначення основних характеристик пружного елемента тримасової  міжрезонансної коливальної системи аналітично і числовим методом скінчених елементів типу CosmosWorks (Simulation) в середовищі для проектування SolidWork..

Результати моделювання в середовищі SolidWork і аналітичного розрахунку основних параметрів пружної системи показали ідентичність отриманих значень, що підтверджує правильність запропонованої методики розрахунку пружних елементів тримасових коливальних систем з ефектом «нульової жорсткості».
Розробка методики повірки системи вимірювання потужності на роликовому стенді пересувної діагностичної станції легкових автомобілів
Authors: Мармут Игорь
Published: March 2021

Розвиток технічної діагностики автомобілів слід розглядати у безпосередньому зв'язку з розвитком всієї системи їх технічної експлуатації. В теперішній час розроблені різні засоби діагностування, які застосовуються в багатьох галузях промисловості і транспорту. Діагностику технічного стану багатьох агрегатів і систем автомобілів необхідно розглядати як особливий вид фізичного моделювання, що поєднує фізичні моделі з натурними приладами. Діагностичні стенди повинні забезпечувати моделювання фізичних процесів, що протікають у реальних дорожніх умовах. Є важливим реалістичне моделювання процесів взаємодії елементів автомобіля з діагностичним обладнанням з урахуванням реально діючих сил, яке дозволить підвищити точність діагностування автомобілів на стенді.

У статті розглянуто питання моделювання умов для отримання діагностичної інформації щодо складних об'єктів. Як приклад розглянута перевірка тягових властивостей легкових автомобілів на інерційному роликовому стенді. Таке обладнання повинно мати навантажувальний пристрій, який може забезпечити проведення перевірки тягово-економічних властивостей легкового автомобіля. В якості альтернативи електричним машинам постійного та змінного струму, для навантажувального пристрою роликового стенда можна застосувати гідравлічний насос-мотор аксіально-поршневого типу.

Для такого типу приводу потрібно розробити методику визначення потужності на колесах автомобіля. Паралельно з типовими методиками визначення потужності за допомогою балансирних пристроїв, пропонується для конкретної моделі стенда вимірювати потужність за перепадом тиску у гідросистемі.

Крім того, вимірювальна система інерційного стенду повинна забезпечувати: об'єктивність оцінки параметрів, які заміряються; мінімальний час, необхідний для проведення діагностичних операцій; стабільність вимірів; простоту і доступність для обслуговуючого персоналу; необхідну точність вимірів.

Для цього розроблені методики експериментального дослідження метрологічних характеристик (повірки) каналу вимірювання потужності та каналу вимірювання тиску в гідросистемі стенду.

У висновках обґрунтована можливість застосування розробленої методики при проектуванні або модернізації інерційних роликових стендів для перевірки тягових властивостей легкових автомобілів.
Концептуальні засади інтегрованого управління якістю обслуговування клієнтів логістичного провайдера
Authors: Карпунь Ольга
Published: March 2021

В статті досліджено сутність інтегрованого управління, дано власне визначення поняття інтегрованого управління якістю обслуговування клієнтів логістичного провайдера, запропоновано структуру системи управління якістю обслуговування клієнтів, а також вдосконалену Gap-модель оцінки розходжень за якістю обслуговування клієнтів логістичного провайдера.

Сучасний ринок вимагає безперервного поліпшення якості продукції та послуг як найважливішого фактору підвищення конкурентоспроможності, в тому числі логістичних провайдерів. Для вирішення цієї проблеми потрібно мати інтегровані системи управління якістю обслуговування клієнтів, які б враховували вимоги міжнародних стандартів та усіх учасників даного процесу.

Проведені дослідження показали, що найбільш доцільним способом підвищення ефективності управління якістю обслуговування клієнтів логістичного провайдера в умовах зростаючої конкуренції є формування інтегрованої системи управління.

Як показали дослідження, інтегровані системи управління будуються на основі застосування системного і процесного підходів до управління підприємством, які дозволяють пов’язати в єдине ціле різні процеси і види діяльності підприємства.

Діяльність будь-якої організації пов’язана з ризиками, які визначають основні втрати. Як зазначається, метою створення інтегрованої системи управління є спільне оптимальне управління ризиками, що дозволяє скоротити потрібні підприємству матеріальні та організаційні ресурси.

Інтегроване управління обслуговуванням клієнтів логістичного провайдера – це, перш за все, мистецтво компромісу, при якому рішення приймаються виходячи із загальної мети з урахуванням інтересів усіх учасників логістичного процесу. При цьому основні труднощі виникають в ситуації, коли сусідні ланки використовують різні принципи організації і планування операцій в ланцюгах поставок.

Інтегроване управління якістю обслуговування клієнтів логістичного провайдера повинно передбачати узгодження якості послуг по всьому ланцюгу обслуговування. Різні компанії бізнес-партнери, що приймаюсь участь у даному ланцюгу, повинні усвідомити, що вони є ланками одного процесу й мають загальну мету – максимальне задоволення потреб клієнта.
Способи знезараження молока в технологічному процесі виготовлення сиру твердого
Authors: Довжик Михаил
Published: March 2021

Представлений та детально описаний інноваційний модуль отримання та переробки молока на базі Сумського національного аграрного університету. Розглянуті методи позбавлення молока патогенної мікрофлори для довшого його зберігання: пастеризація, ультрапастеризація чи стерилізація. Всі вони є ефективними і кожен з методів має свої плюси та мінуси. Досліджені режими пастеризації молока та установки, якими цей процес реалізується. Описується трубчастий пастеризатор та надається обґрунтування використання саме цього пастеризатора в інноваційному модулі отримання та переробки молока. Детально описаний процес виготовлення сиру твердого від отримання молока до безпосередньо закладання на зберігання.
Editorial
Authors: Acosta Jacinto Ruben Eusebio
Published: March 2021

En este número, la revista Pakamuros nos introduce, como ya es habitual, en el quehacer empresarial e institucional y desarrollo científico y tecnológico de la región de Cajamarca. Nuevamente se pone de manifiesto, en cada uno de los artículos que la componen, el gran compromiso que tiene la Universidad Nacional de Jaén (UNJ) de promover, aplicar y ejecutar estudios multidisciplinarios con el objetivo de contribuir activamente al desarrollo de su región. En el Perú de hoy, sobre todo, en una situación de emergencia sanitaria producto de la pandemia de la Covid-19, se necesita que todas las universidades realicen denodados esfuerzos para aplicar los conocimientos que se imparten en sus aulas y materializarlos a través de Proyectos de desarrollo tecnológico con la finalidad de solucionar problemas específicos en salud, infraestructura, organización, economía, educación, entre otros. En lo antes dicho, radica la importancia del gran esfuerzo que realiza la Universidad Nacional de Jaén (UNJ) y que se materializa en cada uno de los artículos que aparecen en este número. Se postulan soluciones sostenibles y económicas a problemas como: Uso de aceite de palma en la elaboración de mezclas asfálticas menos contaminantes y energía eléctrica para las comunidades pobres, mediante la implementación de un sistema fotovoltaico solar. También se demuestra, que se puede incrementar el desempeño laboral de los colaboradores en una organización pública o privada monitoreando su desempeño a través de evaluaciones periódicas y programas de capacitación. Asimismo, mediante la aplicación de métodos estadísticos nos demuestran las deficiencias y aciertos en la toma de decisiones en el quehacer público o privado. Postulando que identificando lo que no se hace, podemos establecer estrategias correctivas con la finalidad de cumplir plazos y optimizar recursos. Solo me queda felicitar el gran esfuerzo e iniciativa de la Universidad Nacional de Jaén (UNJ) por promover y realizar investigación científica que mejora la vida de los más necesitados y protege nuestro medioambiente. Miremos el futuro con optimismo y recordemos que como dijo Nikola Tesla: “El desarrollo del hombre depende fundamentalmente de la invención. Es el producto más importante de su cerebro creativo”.
Use of Antenatal Services among Women in Farming Communities in Kogi State
Authors: Ibrahim Muhammed K. , Haruna Ezekiel , Tanko Safiyat E.
Published: March 2021

This study examined the use of antenatal services among women in farming communities in Kogi State, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was employed to collect primary data from 150 randomly selected farmers through the use of structured questionnaire. The data was analysed using descriptive statistics and logit regression model. Analysis of socio-economic variable revealed that majority (73.4%) of the respondents were below the age 40 years, with a mean household size of 6 members. About 94.7% of the respondents used antenatal care services covering an average distance of 4km in getting to nearest health facility. The study also revealed that majority (92.7%) of the respondents were aware of healthcare facilities availability and they mostly got their information from family members and friends. The use of antenatal care services among women was high and majority (95.3%) of the respondents had the knowledge of where antenatal centre is located. Also majority of the respondents visited those centres in their last pregnancy with frequency of visit between 1- 4 times. Previous visits, nearness to ANC centres and formal education positively influence the use of ANC services among women in the study area. High cost of antenatal services and poor level of information were found to be the most significant challenges facing women access to antenatal care services.  We recommend that government should subsidize health care services for women in order to improve their affordability.
Experimental Investigation on The Effect of Divergent Tower Solar Chimney on The Theoretical Power Potential
Authors: Jawad Ahmad , Misaran Mohd Suffian , Rahman Md. Mizanur , Ismail Mohd Azlan
Published: March 2021

Solar chimney power plant is a sustainable alternative for electricity generation using solar as the source of energy. In general, the main body of a solar chimney plant requires a tall structure which is costly and challenging to construct. Thus, it is important to increase the performance of the solar chimney power plant and have a better energy-cost ratio. This study aims to experimentally investigate the influence of divergent solar chimney as opposed to a cylindrical chimney on solar chimney performance. Three divergent scaled-down solar chimney model at 1-meter, 1.5-meter and 2-meter were fabricated and tested for its performance at various simulated heat loads. The test results were compared with similar heights cylindrical solar chimney. The experiments show that divergent solar chimney increases the theoretical power generation potential and improves the stalk effect and have higher outlet velocity compared to a cylindrical solar chimney. The power potential of the divergent chimney is increased up to 18 times with the maximum theoretical power obtain at 0.183W on the 2-meter divergent chimney. Higher temperature was recorded on the 2-meter divergent chimney outlet at 341.3k compared to 330.4k on the cylindrical chimney indicates better stack effect. The highest average velocities in the divergent and cylindrical chimneys were recorded under the electric heat load of 2 kW at 0.994 m/s and 0.820 m/s respectively in the 1-meter configuration. It is also observed that the air velocity in a shorter divergent chimney is higher than taller divergent chimney models while better compared to all cylindrical height. This study finds that a shorter divergent solar chimney produces greater energy compared to a higher cylindrical solar chimney. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the overall cost of solar chimney by reducing the height of the main structure without sacrificing the performance of the solar chimney.
JSMCRP: Cross-Layer Architecture based Joint-Synchronous MAC and Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Birur Viswanath Shruti , Muddenahalli Nagendrappa Thippeswamy , Venkatesh Krishna Rao
Published: March 2021

The exponential rise in wireless technologies and allied applications has revitalized academia-industries to develop more efficient and economic routing solution to meet Quality-of-Service (QoS) provision. Amongst the major wireless communication systems, Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is the most sought technology for defense surveillance, healthcare monitoring, industrial monitoring and control, civic and strategic infrastructure surveillance etc. Additionally, the up surge in Internet of Things (IoT) and Machine to Machine (M2M) communication systems too have broadened the horizon for WSNs based communication. However, the parallel increase in communication environment, complex network conditions etc confine efficacy of the classical WSN protocols. Dynamic network and node conditions often force classical protocols to undergo pre-mature link outage, delayed transmission, energy exhaustion and eventual QoS violation. To address such issues enhancing Median Access Control (MAC) and allied routing decision can have vital significance. However major existing efforts either focus on MAC enhancement or routing optimization, even under static WSN topology. Considering it as motive in this paper a highly robust “Cross-layer architecture based Joint-Synchronous MAC and Routing Protocol for WSN communication (JSMCRP)” has been developed. Being cross layer model JSMCRP protocol employs Application Layer, Network Layer, MAC Layer and PHY Layer to perform Network Adaptive MAC scheduling and Dynamic Routing Decision. JSMCRP employs Data Traffic Assessment, Prioritization and Scheduling (DTAPS), Proactive Network Monitoring and Knowledge (PNMK), Dynamic Congestion Index Estimation (DCIE), Adaptive Link Quality, Packet Injection Rate and Cumulative Rank Sensitive Routing Decision (CRSRD) to perform routing decision. Additionally, exploiting dynamic network/node conditions it performs Cognitive MAC scheduling to ensure QoS centric communication over IEEE 802.15.4 protocol stack. JSMCRP exhibited higher PDR, lower PLR and low delay under varying network conditions, suitable for real-time communication over constrained mobile WSN conditions.
Egy terrortámadás visszhangja a közösségi médiában
Authors: Bányász Péter
Published: March 2021

The author provides an overview of the popular discourses within the Charlie Hebdo-case’s social media representation.
A DNS-vizsgálatok validitása
Authors: Benedek Zoltán
Published: March 2021

The author provides an overview of the development and potential of DNA analysis in criminal investigation.
Ibolya Tibor: Kriminalisztikatörténeti tanulmányok
Authors: Finszter Géza
Published: March 2021

Attorney General Tibor Ibolya, an inaugural researcher of the history of forensic science, revived a vanishing genre, the dissemination of criminal knowledge.
A COVID-19 (koronavírus okozta megbetegedés) kezelési lehetőségei a fizioterápia eszközeivel, kiemelt figyelemmel a fototerápia eddigi eredményeire
Authors: Sandra Sándor
Published: March 2021

The coronavirus affects the whole humanity and the epidemic influences all aspects of our lives. So far, the current treatment options are very modest. The risk of COVID-19 is significantly increased in hospitals and various social institutions. The exposure of law enforcement and health care workers to higher viral concentrations is significant in the treatment of particularly severe patients. Currently, all healthcare workers are on the front lines. Everyone works a lot, is exhausted and is under constant stress. In the last few months, several articles have appeared in the international literature that the possibility of soft laser therapy should be used in treatment as well as prophylactically. The spread of the disease and the epidemic can be prevented by early detection, isolation, vaccine, and rapid therapeutic care of patients.
Evolution of the Thermodynamic Properties of Clusters of Galaxies out to Redshift of 1.8
Authors: Ghirardini Vittorio , Bulbul Esra , Kraft Ralph , Bayliss Matt , Benson Bradford , Bleem Lindsey , Bocquet Sebastian , Calzadilla Micheal , Eckert Dominique , Forman William , Da González Juan David Remolina , Khullar Gourav , Mahler Guillaume , McDonald Michael
Published: March 2021

The thermodynamic properties of the hot plasma in galaxy clusters retain information on the processes leading to the formation and evolution of the gas in their deep, dark matter potential wells. These processes are dictated not only by gravity but also by gas physics, e.g., active galactic nucleus feedback and turbulence. In this work, we study the thermodynamic properties, e.g., density, temperature, pressure, and entropy, of the most massive and the most distant (seven clusters at z > 1.2) clusters selected by the South Pole Telescope and compare them with those of the nearby clusters (13 clusters at z < 0.1) to constrain their evolution as a function of time and radius. We find that thermodynamic properties in the outskirts of high-redshift clusters are remarkably similar to the low-redshift clusters, and their evolution follows the prediction of the self-similar model. Their intrinsic scatter is larger, indicating that the physical properties that lead to the formation and virialization of cluster outskirts show evolving variance. On the other hand, thermodynamic properties in the cluster cores deviate significantly from self-similarity, indicating that the processes that regulate the core are already in place in these very high redshift clusters. This result is supported by the unevolving physical scatter of all thermodynamic quantities in cluster cores.
Destruction of Refractory Carbon Grains Drives the Final Stage of Protoplanetary Disk Chemistry
Authors: Bosman Arthur D. , Alarcón Felipe , Zhang Ke , Bergin Edwin A.
Published: March 2021

Here we aim to explore the origin of the strong C2H lines to reimagine the chemistry of protoplanetary disks. There are a few key aspects that drive our analysis. First, C2H is detected in young and old systems, hinting at a long-lived chemistry. Second, as a radical, C2H is rapidly destroyed, within <1000 yr. These two statements hint that the chemistry responsible for C2H emission must be predominantly in the gas phase and must be in equilibrium. Combining new and published chemical models, we find that elevating the total volatile (gas and ice) C/O ratio is the only natural way to create a long-lived, high C2H abundance. Most of the C2H resides in gas with an F
UV/n
gas ∼ 10−7
G
0 cm3. To elevate the volatile C/O ratio, additional carbon has to be released into the gas to enable equilibrium chemistry under oxygen-poor conditions. Photoablation of carbon-rich grains seems the most straightforward way to elevate the C/O ratio above 1.5, powering a long-lived equilibrium cycle. The regions at which the conditions are optimal for the presence of high C/O ratio and elevated C2H abundances in the gas disk set by the F
UV/n
gas condition lie just outside the pebble disk as well as possibly in disk gaps. This process can thus also explain the (hints of) structure seen in C2H observations.
Lunar Gravitational-wave Antenna
Authors: Harms Jan , Ambrosino Filippo , Angelini Lorella , Braito Valentina , Branchesi Marica , Brocato Enzo , Cappellaro Enrico , Coccia Eugenio , Coughlin Michael , Ceca Roberto Della , Valle Massimo Della , Dionisio Cesare , Federico Costanzo , Formisano Michelangelo , Frigeri Alessandro , Grado Aniello , Izzo Luca , Marcelli Augusto , Maselli Andrea , Olivieri Marco , Pernechele Claudio , Possenti Andrea , Ronchini Samuele , Serafinelli Roberto , Severgnini Paola , Agostini Maila , Badaracco Francesca , Bertolini Alessandro , Betti Lorenzo , Civitani Marta Maria , Collette Christophe , Covino Stefano , Dall’Osso Simone , D’Avanzo Paolo , DeSalvo Riccardo , Giovanni Matteo Di , Focardi Mauro , Giunchi Carlo , Heijningen Joris van , Khetan Nandita , Melini Daniele , Mitri Giuseppe , Mow-Lowry Conor , Naponiello Luca , Noce Vladimiro , Oganesyan Gor , Pace Emanuele , Paik Ho Jung , Pajewski Alessandro , Palazzi Eliana , Pallavicini Marco , Pareschi Giovanni , Pozzobon Riccardo , Sharma Ashish , Spada Giorgio , Stanga Ruggero , Tagliaferri Gianpiero , Votta Raffaele
Published: March 2021

Monitoring of vibrational eigenmodes of an elastic body excited by gravitational waves was one of the first concepts proposed for the detection of gravitational waves. At laboratory scale, these experiments became known as resonant bar detectors first developed by Joseph Weber in the 1960s. Due to the dimensions of these bars, the targeted signal frequencies were in the kHz range. Weber also pointed out that monitoring of vibrations of Earth or the Moon could reveal gravitational waves in the mHz band. His Lunar Surface Gravimeter experiment deployed on the Moon by the Apollo 17 crew had a technical failure, which greatly reduced the science scope of the experiment. In this article, we revisit the idea and propose a Lunar Gravitational-Wave Antenna (LGWA). We find that LGWA could become an important partner observatory for joint observations with the space-borne, laser-interferometric detector LISA and at the same time contribute an independent science case due to LGWA’s unique features. Technical challenges need to be overcome for the deployment of the experiment, and development of inertial vibration sensor technology lays out a future path for this exciting detector concept.
Role of Cadre in Improving Knowledge and Attitude of Chronic Energy Deficiency on Teenagers in Mali-Mali Village, Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Noor Meitria Syahadatina , Sari Ayu Riana , Agustriyanto R. Akbar , Norwinardi Rezeki , Agustina Diah , Rahmaniah Erma , Safitri Erwinda , Amalia Gusti Firdha , Bohari Bohari
Published: March 2021

AIM: The objective of this study was to analyze the role of cadres as an effort to increase knowledge and attitudes about chronic energy deficiency among adolescents in Mali-Mali village.
METHODS: This type of research is quasi experimental. Researchers trained five cadres who provide education to junior high school students. The sampling technique used a total sampling of 38 female students. The treatment duration was 4 months with the evaluation of knowledge, attitude, and upper arm circumference measurement each month.
RESULTS: This study’s results were that 21.1% of respondents had good knowledge about chronic energy deficiency before treatment. The evaluation of respondents who had good knowledge about chronic energy deficiency at 1st month was 57.9%. The 2nd month was 2 94.7%, the 3rd month was 100%, and the 4th month was 100%. Wilcoxon test showed a significant difference in knowledge at months 1, 2, and 3 with p < 0.05. There was no significant difference at month 4 with a result of p > 0.05. The evaluation results of respondents who had a good attitude about chronic energy deficiency before treatment were 26.3%. In comparison, after treatment was 42.1% in the 1st month, 57.9% in the 2nd month, 57.9% in the 3rd month, and 78.9% in the 4th month. The Chi-square test results showed no differences in attitudes at month 1, 2, and 3, while at month 4 found a significant relationship. The upper arm circumference measurement showed that the number of respondents who suffer from chronic energy deficiency was 25 people for 4 months.
CONCLUSION: Cadres could improve knowledge and attitudes about chronic energy deficiency in female adolescents in Mali-Mali Village.
Tobacco Use and the Risk of Suffering from COVID-19
Authors: Sugiyo Dianita , Limato Ralalicia , Handari Saskia Dyah
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic and is confirmed worldwide to cause a high mortality rates; as of the April 23, 2020, over 189,000 deaths have occurred in 2,700,800 COVID-19 cases. However, it appears that little consideration has been given to smokers and the users of tobacco-related products relative to the impact of the virus on that particular cohort of patients.
AIM: The aim of the study was to commence a narrative review of research and academic articles of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) prevalence related to cigarette smoking and the consumption of tobacco-related products.
METHODS: The study involved evidence-based publication searches on ProQuest and EBSCOhost databases informed by a number of keywords. The additional data were obtained from relevant journals searched manually, as well as following up references or primary articles. The search was conducted from April 23 to 24, 2020, adopting the use of several terms, such as “tobacco use” AND “COVID”, “tobacco use” AND “SARS-CoV-2”, “smokers” AND “COVID”, “cigarette” AND “SARS-CoV-2”, and “tobacco use” AND COVID-19 AND sars-cov-2.
RESULTS: Several studies (n = 8) confirmed that conventional smoking and electronic cigarette use correlated with the decline of the human immune system and the feasibility of infection. The second group of evidence (n = 9) explored higher Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 among smokers, as the binding sites of SARS-COV-2.
CONCLUSION: Tobacco use among smokers and former smokers is significantly correlated to the decline in the status of the human immune system and worsen the disease prognosis. In addition, smoking status is associated with a greater likelihood of smokers being infected with SARS-COV-2; a condition that can further develop into coronavirus disease.
The Physical Fitness Level, Heart Rate, and Heart Rate Recovery among Adolescent Smokers and Non-smokers
Authors: Risdiana Nurvita , Syahruramdhani Syahruramdhani , Suwitno Armain
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: Physical fitness level (PFL), heart rate (HR), and HR recovery (HRR1) were expressed the physical performance of an individual which can be the excellent indicators of health. That parameter differentiates the physical condition between a smoker and a non-smoker. At present, studies about them for adolescent smokers and non-smokers are still limited. Furthermore, they can be the prediction of the health indicators in the future.
AIM: The aim of the study was to compare the PFL, HR, and HRR between adolescent smokers and non-smokers
METHODOLOGY: This study was conducted by non-experimental and quantitative research with descriptive comparative design and cross-sectional approach. Mann–Whitney test used to describe the distinction between the PFL of students who are adolescent smokers and adolescent non-smokers. The sample data consist of 65 participants selected by purposive sampling collected using Harvard step test and manual HR measurement.
RESULTS: After gathered data, we concluded that the PFL of adolescent non-smokers in our samples was significantly higher than smokers with recorded results of p = 0.001 (p < 0.05); HR1, HR60, HR90, and HR180 in adolescent smokers were higher than non-smokers with p = 0.00 (p < 0.05); there were no differences between HRR1 in adolescent smokers and non-smokers with p = 0.042 (p > 0.05). Smoking had effects on PFL and HR.
CONCLUSION: The PFL and HR in adolescent non-smokers were better than in smokers but it had no effect on HRR1.
Co-Chemotherapeutic Effect of n-Hexane Fraction of Binahong (Anredera cordifolia [Tenore] Steen.) on WiDr Colon Cancer Cell Line
Authors: Febriansah Rifki , Lakshita Harena Anggun
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: The incidence of colon cancer ranks the third most common cancer case in Indonesia, with 12.8 cases per 100.000 community. Problems that arise from cancer treatment with chemotherapy are severe side effects. Thus, we develop cancer therapy using a natural material, namely, binahong leaves (Anredera cordifolia).
AIM: This study aims to investigate the co-chemotherapy activity of the n-hexane fraction of binahong (NFB) on the WiDr human colon cancer cells line.
METHODS: The sample was prepared by maceration using ethanol 70% and fractionation using n-hexane. Phytochemical screening was conducted with the thin-layer chromatography method. The antioxidant test was carried out using 1,1 diphenyl-2-dipicrilhydrazil assay, while the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was designed for cytotoxic tests on WiDr colon cancer cells to identify the single effect and its combination with 5-fluorouracil as chemotherapy agents. Further, in silico test, molecular docking was used to determine the 4’, 6, 7-trihydroxyaurone as an active compound on NFB against inhibitors of κB kinases (IKK) and COX-2 proteins.
RESULTS: Phytochemical screening showed that NFB contained a flavonoid compound. NFB had a weak antioxidant activity with the inhibition concentration (IC50) value of 2851 μg/mL, while NFB had a relatively strong cytotoxic activity on WiDr colon cells with the IC50 value of 191 μg/mL, and had the synergist activity in combination with 5-fluorouracil as a chemotherapy agent. The molecular docking showed the best interaction of 4’, 6, 7-trihydroxyaurone against IKK, and COX-2 proteins with docking scores of −9.0 kcal/mol and −8.1 kcal/mol, respectively.
CONCLUSION: NFB had the potential to inhibit cell growth and had a synergistic effect in combination with 5-fluorouracil on WiDr colon cancer cells line.
Decreasing Labor Pain through Sacralist Counter-pressure Therapy Using Tennis Ball in the Mother during the Labor Process
Authors: Rejeki Sri , Widayati Enny , Machmudah Machmudah , Yanto Arief
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: Labor pain is a physiological process caused by the contraction of uterus muscle as an effort to open the cervix and push the baby’s head toward the pelvis. One of the treatments giving by nurses to reduce the pain is by counter-pressure therapy.
AIM: The aim of the study was to determine the effect of counter-pressure therapy using tennis balls toward the pain level in the first stage during the active phase of labor.
METHODS: It was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest one group design. The population in this study was patients with active phase I delivery in PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital of Temanggung. A total of 26 respondents were selected through purposive sampling technique. The data were analyzed using Wilcoxon matched paired test.
RESULTS: The pain intensity in 26 respondents (100%) in the first stage during the active phase of labor before the treatment was categorized as severe pain. However, after the implementation of the counter-pressure therapy using tenis ball, the pain intensity was categorized as moderate in 18 respondents (69.2%) and severe in the rest of the respondents (30.8%).
CONCLUSION: Counter-pressure massage therapy using a tennis ball was effective in reducing the level of pain in the first stage during the active phase of labor with a p = 0.000 (α < 0.05).
A Nationwide Community Survey of Prevalence of Circumcision among Egyptian Children and Risk of Hepatitis B Viral Infection
Authors: Salama Iman I , Sami Samia M , Salama Somaia I , Elmosalami Dalia M , Saleh Rehan M , Said Zeinab N , Shaaban Fatma A , Abdel Mohsen Aida M , Rabah Thanaa Mahmoud , Abdel-Latif Ghada A , Fouad Walaa A , Mohsen Amira
Published: March 2021

AIM: To assess prevalence and risk factors of circumcision among Egyptian children and to assess the risk factors for HBV infection among them.
METHODS: A nationwide community survey was carried out on 3306 children aged from 9 months to 16 years, of both genders. Data were collected during face to face interviews with the parents and children. All studied children had received HBV vaccination during infancy. Total anti-HBc and HBsAg were assessed by ELISA followed by HBV DNA detection for positive cases by Real-time PCR.
RESULTS: Prevalence of circumcision was 92.3% among boys and 29.7% among girls. The percentage of circumcised girls was significantly higher in rural (38.1%) than urban (21.1%), P<0.01 and more in Upper (42.2%) and Lower Egypt (27.6%) compared to Cairo, the Capital (14.1%), P˂0.001. Boys showed significantly higher prevalence of circumcision in urban (94.1%) compared to rural areas (90.1%), P˂ 0.001.The prevalence of HBV breakthrough infection, detected by HBV-DNA, was 14/3306 (0.42%). No significant differences between circumcised and non-circumcised boys and girls regarding the different serological tests of HBV infection, P > 0.05. Using logistic regression analysis, mothers’ illiteracy or having primary and preparatory education carried six times and 2 times risk respectively of having their daughter circumcised compared to higher education, P < 0.01. Living in Upper or Lower Egypt carried three times and 1.5 times risk respectively of having circumcised girl compared to the Capital, P < 0.001. HBV infection among family was the independent risk factor for HBV infection among girls and boys, in addition to frequent medical injection among boys, P < 0.05.
CONCLUSION: Circumcision among girls is still a problem especially in Upper Egypt and in rural areas. Child circumcision in Egypt seems not to play a role in HBV infection and intra-familial HBV transmission and frequent medical injection are the most important risk factors.
Risk Factors for Anxiety in Medical Health Workers during Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Medan, Indonesia
Authors: Sipayung Anastasia Venny Fransisca , Effendy Elmeida , Amin Mustafa Mahmud
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a virus outbreak that is infecting many people almost all over the world, including Indonesia. The impact of this pandemic also affects medical health workers who are in charge of treating COVID-19 patients where they are at high risk of being infected. This causes psychological disorders such as anxiety and many factors that can become a risk for anxiety.
AIM: The aim of the study was to investigate risk factors for anxiety in medical health workers who treat COVID-19 patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted in Haji Adam Malik Hospital and its satellites in Medan, North Sumatera, cross-sectional through online survey using hospital anxiety and depression scale, anxiety subscale, from May 2020 to July 2020, 129 participants.
RESULTS: Four risk factors have a relationship to the occurrence of anxiety, such as gender, marital status, history of organic diseases, and duration of work caring for COVID-19 patients.
CONCLUSIONS: By knowing the risk factors that can cause anxiety in medical health workers, it is hoped that both the hospital management and individual medical health workers can pay more attention to and anticipate so that medical health workers can feel more secure in carrying out their duties treating for COVID-19 patients.
Hellénisme et diaspora : les réseaux des Grecs et la crise de leur État-nation
Authors: Bruneau Michel
Published: March 2021

Dans son analyse de la crise que traverse la société et l’État grecs, Georges Prévélakis adopte une approche en termes de réseaux et fait appel à la notion d’hellénisme. La diaspora, l’Église orthodoxe du patriarcat œcuménique et la marine marchande, qui en sont des composantes essentielles, devraient permettre de sortir du carcan que constitue, pour les Grecs, leur petit état surendetté, en les reliant à la dimension mondiale et à la longue durée de leur histoire plurimillénaire. Michel Bruneau avait précédemment étudié la généalogie de l’hellénisme et construit une modélisation graphique de cette notion : s’il rejoint G. Prévélakis sur la dimension réticulaire, M. Bruneau ne pense pas que les Grecs, peuple-monde de la longue durée européen, puissent compenser la faiblesse démographique, économique et politique de la Grèce en recourant à cette dimension mondiale religieuse, diasporique et maritime, au moment où ils entrent dans le projet chinois des « Nouvelles routes de la soie ». Ils ne peuvent échapper au tropisme occidental de leur diaspora et de leur appartenance à l’Union européenne.
Émergence et diffusion du rugby à XV en Géorgie
Authors: Le Lay Yvonnick
Published: March 2021

Ancré en Géorgie depuis 1959, le rugby à XV y est longtemps demeuré un sport confidentiel, avant que le pays ne devienne une « nation émergente » du rugby mondial. En lien avec les performances de l’équipe nationale masculine, les Lelos, toujours qualifiée en Coupe du monde depuis 2003, sa pratique s’est progressivement diffusée au sein du territoire géorgien. L’étude de cette diffusion est fondée sur les travaux d’Hägerstrand, Rogers, Brown et Blaut. Au-delà des aspects classiques de la diffusion spatiale, l’article met en valeur les rôles spécifiques de la médiatisation, de la financiarisation et de la construction culturelle du rugby à XV qui a acquis le rang de sport national en Géorgie.
Comprendre la dynamique et les enjeux de coordination des parcours de santé : proposition d’un cadre d’analyse à partir des phénomènes de rupture
Authors: Aubert Isabelle , Kletz Frédéric , Sardas Jean-Claude
Published: March 2021

La promotion de la logique du parcours, destinée à faire évoluer la prise en charge des patients vers une approche coordonnée et globale, imprègne le champ de la santé depuis une quinzaine d’années en France. Pourtant, l’observation des parcours réels témoigne de la survenue encore fréquente de ruptures dans leur déroulement, entraînées par des désajustements de la réponse aux besoins des patients et des défauts de coordination entre les acteurs. L’objet du présent article est d’analyser les modalités de construction et de déconstruction de cet équilibre précaire et évolutif entre l’offre et les besoins d’aides et de soins, d’en tirer des enseignements sur la notion de rupture, et de proposer un cadre d’analyse adapté à la complexité de cette notion. Nous mobilisons le cadre théorique de la sociologie des parcours de vie (Bidart, 2006 ; Grossetti, 2006 ; Abbott, 2009 ; Bessin, 2009), afin d’appréhender les étapes et ingrédients conduisant à une rupture, que nous complétons par le cadre gestionnaire d’analyse de l’activité de coordination des professionnels entre eux et avec le patient, spécifique aux parcours de santé (Bloch et Henaut, 2014 ; Frattini et Naiditch, 2015). La méthode de recherche adoptée est qualitative et repose sur une étude de cas multiples, fondée sur la reconstitution de parcours de personnes âgées en situation complexe et sur des entretiens réalisés avec les professionnels de santé d’un territoire et une aidante d’un patient. Nos résultats permettent d’enrichir l’analyse des parcours de santé par la mise en lumière du processus et des mécanismes à l’origine des ruptures et, sur ce fondement, de proposer une contribution théorique à la compréhension du phénomène de rupture d’un parcours de santé.
Technologie Persuasive et Gestion des Soins : un Examen Systématique
Authors: Bellow Edgar , Majd Thomas , Lopez Jean-Claude
Published: March 2021

Cet article évalue les pratiques actuelles recommandées par la littérature pour l’utilisation des technologies persuasives (TP) en proposant une revue systématique qualitative de la littérature utilisant la théorie du déficit d’auto-soins d’Orem comme cadre théorique. En utilisant une revue systématique des TP et des comportements de santé et d’autogestion qui en découlent, une liste de travail de 34 articles a été analysée de manière critique et un codage thématique naturaliste des résultats de la littérature a été effectué. Les résultats ont démontré que si le but de la gestion des soins de santé associés aux TP est d’augmenter le bien-être, selon les recherches directes et les examens des résultats au cours des cinq dernières années que nous avons pu examiner, les objectifs de mieux-être n’ont pas pu être atteints dans la plupart des études évaluatives. Les soins infirmiers traditionnels et les soins personnels sont susceptibles d’être plus efficaces, car les systèmes qui peuvent surveiller et fournir des soins intégrés pour chaque patient manquent de cohérence et d’applicabilité en termes pratiques. Des recherches futures importantes ainsi que l’intégration de la technologie dans l’éducation aux soins de santé doivent avoir lieu avant qu’une voie technologique pour les patients puisse être recommandée.
Narrative Analysis of the Coverage of the 2015 and 2019 Presidential Elections in Selected Nigerian Newspapers
Authors: Agberu Oluwaseun Abioye , Odebiyi Stephen Damilola
Published: March 2021

The media is important for the sustenance of democracy. While several studies have examined the role played by the Nigerian media during elections, none has examined issues discussed by the media during elections, in particular the 2015 and 2019 presidential elections. Therefore, the study undertook, through narrative research design, the coverage of the 2015 and 2019 presidential elections in Vanguard Nigeria and Daily Trust newspapers. Findings from the study reveal that Nigerian newspapers preached national unity, warned of economic depression and the need to diversify the economy, questioned the preparedness of the electoral commission to conduct elections, questioned the ability of the presidential aspirants to eradicate corruption, spoke out against pre-election violence and vote-buying, and spoke against the use of divisive rhetoric by politicians. The study recommends that media owners and professionals themselves should safeguard the profession from being a tool in the hands of divisive politicians.
Political Cartoons in a Model African State
Authors: Akpabio Eno
Published: March 2021

Cartoonists' stock-in-trade has been to lampoon the excesses and moral foibles of political power holders. Cartoonists have been most unkind to misrule, abuse of power, and authoritarianism. The overarching aim of this study was to find out if cartoonists would be gentle and kind to Botswana political figures seeing that they preside over a state which had been held up as beacon of hope and a model of good governance. Cartoonists employed Eko's transilience to animalize African leaders for satirical purposes deterritorialization to remove them from familiar territories for ethical criticisms. This chapter examines the themes and direction of the cartoons, the study's findings indicate that Botswana newspaper cartoonists largely engage in deterritorialization more than transilience. However, the global trend of irreverence and negative portrayal of politicians persists.
The Acquisition of Skills and Expertise
Authors: Gosling Joanne M.
Published: March 2021

Today's workforce faces a rapidly changing environment. During the last 12 months alone, workers have faced being displaced by collapses in sectors based on changing consumer habits, not to mention those whose roles became redundant overnight by the closure of many companies due to the COVID-19 pandemic. A more fragile working environment, the increase in the age of retirement, and rapid changes in economy and consumer habits indicate that it is more important than ever for individuals need to be equipped with skills that enable them to move from one sector to another without necessitating the need for lengthy retraining or upskilling. Moreover, the recent government agenda and growing demand for the integration of learning in a working environment also signals that less time will be spent in classrooms and lecture rooms. This chapter gives insight into which this conundrum can be unpicked and approached through skillful curriculum design and practices needed for the 21st century workforce.
Restorative Justice as an “Informal” Alternative to “Formal” Court Processes
Authors: Kenny Paula , Leonard Liam J.
Published: March 2021

This chapter will examine the manner in which restorative justice provides an informal alternative to the formal processes of the adversarial court within the criminal justice system overall. In so doing, the chapter highlights the significance of restorative justice as a facet of a ‘Sustainable Justice' within the community. While members of the public may be intimidated by the formal processes of the court system, the informal nature of the restorative justice conference may provide the community with a better exchange, and thereby see true justice served more fully.
Deep Learning Approaches in Pandemic and Disaster Management
Authors: Trovati Marcello , Asimakopoulou Eleana , Bessis Nik
Published: March 2021

A quick decision-making process in response and management of epidemics has been the most common approach, as accurate and relevant decisions have been demonstrated to have beneficial impacts on life preservation as well as on global and local economies. However, any disaster or epidemic is rarely represented by a set of single and linear parameters, as they often exhibit highly complex and chaotic behaviours, where interconnected unknowns rapidly evolve. As a consequence, any such decision-making approach must be computationally robust and able to process large amounts of data, whilst evaluating the potential outcomes based on specific decisions in real time.
Working, Caring, Surviving
Authors: Sabbag Fares Lygia , Matos de Oliveira Ana Luíza , Nogueira Rolim Lílian
Published: March 2021

Drawing from a questionnaire answered by 455 people during social distancing in Brazil, the chapter analyzes how individuals who worked remotely and those who did not cope with the increase in domestic and care work and how this extra work was divided in gender terms. The questionnaire indicates that the pandemic increased both domestic and care activities, with the former being more frequent for women and those under remote work. In general, this was not accompanied by a better division of these activities across sexes as women remained mainly responsible for them. Nevertheless, some improvements in the division of the domestic work were observed amongst those under remote work. However, when such a rebalance does not occur, remote work tends to be associated with an increase in women's overburdening.
Redesigning Work as a Response to the Global Pandemic
Authors: Holland Peter J. , Brewster Chris
Published: March 2021

Job and work design are critical factors in the development and maintenance of a committed high-quality workforce. The pandemic has been the catalyst or global social experiment for people to work at home en masse encouraging employers and employees to think about how and why their jobs are being done, to develop new work and job design policies and practices. However, as well as significant benefits, there are potential pitfalls in moving 'on-line' that needs to be considered as many see this as a permanent feature of the new workplace post pandemic. This chapter explores these issues in the context of job crafting.