bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How AI competencies can make B2B marketing smarter: strategies to boost customer lifetime value
Authors: Bashir Tayyeba , Zhongfu Tan , Sadiq Burhan , Naseem Ammara
Published: December 2024

There has been a rapid rise in utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) in many different sectors in the last several years. However, business-to-business (B2B) marketing is one of the more notable examples. The initial assessments emphasize the significant advantages of AI in B2B marketing, including its knack for yielding unique understandings into consumer behaviors, recognizing crucial market trends, and improving operational efficiency. However, there seems to be a limited grasp of the optimal way to develop artificial intelligence competencies (AIC) for B2B marketing and how these attributes inevitably affect customer lifetime value (CLV). Equipped with AIC and B2B marketing literary fiction, this research unveils a theoretical research framework for evaluating the repercussions of AIC on B2B marketing capabilities and, subsequently, on CLV. We analyze the suggested research model using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), leveraging 367 survey replies from Pakistani companies. The outcomes show a significant relationship that describe the ability to leverage AIC to enhance CLV, and also signifies the mediating role of B2B marketing capabilities to enhance CLV by integrating AIC in internet marketing. The findings of this study provide practical implications for marketers to monetize their marketing skills to enhance CLV and researchers with theoretical underpinnings of integration of AIC into marketing.
Influence of edible flowers on the physicochemical and oxidative stability of raw ground beef patties
Authors: Duggirala Krishna Brunda , Mummaleti Gopinath , Kong Fanbin , Mohan Anand
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the antioxidant and physicochemical characteristics of raw ground beef patties and raw ground beef patties treated with varying percentages of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) and rose (Rosa canina L.) powders during 7 days of storage at 4°C. The analysis included key parameters such as antioxidant activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, lipid oxidation through 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), protein oxidation markers (carbonyls, Schiff bases, and free thiols), water-holding capacity, pH, color, and texture. Both roselle and rose powders enhanced the antioxidant capacity of the patties, reducing oxidative markers (TBARS, carbonyls, Schiff bases, and free thiols) during storage. Additionally, improved water-holding capacity and reduced pH were observed across all treated patties, with minimal impact on texture. However, while roselle powder showed beneficial effects, patties treated with rose powder exhibited superior overall results. The more favorable outcomes in rose-treated patties, particularly in oxidative stability and physicochemical properties, can be attributed to the higher concentrations of bioactive compounds, such as phenolic acids and flavonoids, present in rose powder. These compounds likely contributed to enhanced free radical scavenging activity, providing stronger protection against lipid and protein oxidation. Furthermore, rose powder maintained more stable color and physicochemical properties, with patties showing acceptable color and minimal texture degradation by the 7th day of storage. These findings highlight the potential of rose powder as a highly effective natural additive for extending the shelf life and preserving the quality of ground beef patties, positioning it as a promising ingredient for future applications in the food industry.
Leveraging journal citation-based metrics for enhanced university rankings methodology
Authors: Ghaddar Ali , Thoumi Sergio , Saab Samer S.
Published: December 2024

This paper proposes a novel framework for evaluating research performance in university rankings, utilizing journal citation-based metrics and scholarly output instead of traditional article citation metrics. Through correlation analysis, we compare the proposed metrics with article citation metrics used by prominent ranking systems (THE and QS) and demonstrate significantly higher correlations with established rankings (QS, THE, and ARWU). The proposed metrics exhibit robustness over time and offer a fairer evaluation by emphasizing objective performance and mitigating citation biases. This framework provides institutions with a more accurate benchmarking tool to inform strategic decisions and resource allocation. While acknowledging potential limitations in data availability and the challenge of achieving global consensus, this study contributes to the ongoing discourse on university rankings by advocating for a more equitable and robust evaluation system by balancing diverse metrics and offering more standardized measures.
Gene expression profiling in PBMCs for acute rejection in lung transplant recipients reveals myeloid responses
Authors: Liu Siqi , Westra Johanna , Hu Shixian , Verschuuren Erik A. M. , van Kempen Léon C. , van Baarle Debbie , Bos Nico A.
Published: December 2024

The acute rejection (AR) diagnosis depends on transbronchial biopsy, which is semi-invasive and not easily performed. Our study used the Nanostring gene expression technology on PBMCs obtained from lung transplant recipients (LTRs) to search for biomarkers. We identified distinct differential gene profiles between patients with stable status (STA) and AR. Subsequently, we independently evaluated monocyte compositions in PBMCs using flow cytometry and assessed the levels of 7 chemokines in serum using Luminex. The 48 top differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, utilizing a criterion of at least a 1.5-fold change between two groups, with a false discovery rate (FDR) p-Adj < 0.05. Of these 48 genes, the top 10 genes with the highest fold changes and significant p-values were selected for qPCR validation. CD68, ANXA1, ITGB, and IFI30 can be confirmed among the validated genes. A significantly lower percentage of CD14 + CD16- classical monocytes was observed in AR than in STA patients, which aligns with downregulated DEGs. Many of the DEGs were related to monocytes-macrophages and chemokines. Although these results still need to be confirmed in larger cohorts, they suggest that gene profiling of PBMC can help to identify markers related to AR in LTRs.
TurnAware: motion-aware Augmented Reality information delivery while walking
Authors: Liu Sunniva , Lindlbauer David
Published: December 2024

Augmented Reality (AR) systems provide users with timely access to everyday information. Designing how AR messages are presented to the user, however, is challenging. If a visual message is presented suddenly in users’ field of view, it will be noticed easily, but might be disruptive to users. Conversely, if messages are made visible by slowly fading their opacity, for example, they might require more effort for users to notice and react, as they need to wait for the content to appear. This is particularly true for head-anchored virtual content, and when users are engaged in other tasks or walking in a physical environment. To address this challenge, we introduce a motion-aware technique that delivers AR visual information unobtrusively during walking when users rotate their head. When users make a turn, TurnAware moves the visual content into their field of view from the side at a speed proportional to their rotational velocity. We compare our method to a Fade-in and Pop-up baseline in a user study. Our results show that our method enables users to react to virtual content in a timely manner, while minimizing disruption on their walking patterns. Our technique improves current AR information delivery techniques by striking a balance between noticeability and disruptiveness.
Adopting information and communications technology in the control, prevention, and management of stroke: perspectives from patients and providers in Uganda
Authors: Namyalo Prossy Kiddu , Setekera Robert , Nakazibwe Primrose
Published: December 2024

Objective

The stroke burden in Uganda ranks ninth among the ten causes of death, a major cause of chronic illnesses, accounting for the top ten causes of hospitalization. This baseline study examined how mobile phones can improve the prevention, management, and treatment of stroke in rural Uganda.

Methods

It was a cross-sectional study that utilized a mixture of methods. Quantitative data was collected from the districts' health information management system while qualitative data were from healthcare providers and patients/caregivers/survivors using a semi-structured guide. Quantitative data was analyzed descriptively while qualitative data was inductively analyzed through creating themes.

Results

All participants supported the use of mobile phone interventions and suggested three major types of information to be included in this intervention: warning signs and indicators, underlying causes of stroke, and prevention measures. The challenges that might be faced in implementing this intervention are contextual, health system, and economic related.

Conclusion

These baseline findings support the possibility of mobile phone intervention as an important instrument to improve stroke prevention, management, and treatment in rural Uganda. Challenges that might accompany the use of ICT have to be addressed as the intervention is designed.
Transparency and changing stakeholder roles in the digital age of sustainable agri-food supply chain networks
Authors: Otter Verena , Robinson Douglas M.
Published: December 2024

Society and policy demand greater sustainability of food systems, driving practitioners to improve the transparency of supply chain networks through digital innovation. Uncertainties regarding the structuring of relationships with primary and secondary stakeholders for sharing intangible data and information diminishes the potential for exploitation of digital transparency. While businesses are accustomed to organizing efficient flows of tangible goods, management research integrating digital transparency considerations to investigate and conceptualize structural changes in agri-food supply chain networks (AFSCNs) is scarce. This gap motivates the following four questions of this study: (1) Who are the primary and secondary stakeholders in the AFSCNs of the digital era? (2) What are their transparency interests? (3) How do AFSCN structures change with the emergence of digital innovations that can facilitate sustainability transition through greater transparency? (4) How to conceptualize those structural changes to AFSCNs? The netchain approach and respective transparency concept are integrated with classical stakeholder theory. Data was collected via a series of 21 semi-structured pilot interviews with technology providers in the EU agri-food sector and analyzed using structured content analysis. Results paint a complex picture of contemporary primary and secondary stakeholders of AFSCNs and their interests. Primary stakeholder interests lead to coopetition in vertical and horizontal relationships of the netchain and low transparency efforts by intermediaries. Both hamper the dissemination of digital innovations and the exploitation of their potential to improve AFSCN sustainability. Among secondary stakeholders, policymakers and governments, NGOs, and technology providers excel in being drivers of digital transparency for sustainability, with social media as a strong direct communication tool to reach netchain stakeholders, consumers, and research institutes/universities as collaborators and customers. The emergence of “information AFSCN” and “digital AFSCN” increases the complexity of the whole supply chain network through intermediation, reconfiguration, and emergence modes of change to underlying structures. Agri-food business managers, scientists, and policymakers should innovate in private and public governance to facilitate collaborative advantage and sustainability in a combination aligned with innovative digital transparency solutions.
Evaluation of polysaccharides from Laetiporus sulphureus on the growth of gastrointestinal probiotics and in vitro digestion
Authors: Zhu Xinting , Lin Shan , Wei Qi
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Probiotics can improve immune responses and regulate the ecosystem of microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract.

Methods

Three primary models, including the Reparameterized Gompertz, Huang, and Baranyi and Roberts models were evaluated and developed to investigate the effects of Laetiporus sulphureus polysaccharides (LSP) on the growth of Lactobacillus plantarum, Streptococcus thermophilus, Clostridium tyrobutyricum, and Bifidobacterium adolescentis.

Results

The Huang model and Reparameterized Gompertz model were suitable for describing the growth of C. tyrobutyricum, S. thermophilus, B. adolescentis, and L. plantarum. LSP could increase the population of B. adolescentis in the fluid environment of the stomach in vitro.

Discussion

These results may support the further development of LSP as a functional food or food additive that has the ability to preserve digestive tract health.
Visual identification of material attributes in wakame: exploring thickness, strength, and chlorophyll content
Authors: Lu Xin , Suzuki Tomoya , Shimoyama Natsumi , Wang Zhuolin , Yuan Chunhong
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the potential of using visual features to predict key material attributes in wakame, focusing on thickness, strength, and chlorophyll content (SPAD values). We compared frozen and salted wakame samples to understand how different processing methods affect these predictions. Using a combination of RGB, L*a*b*, and HSV color features, we developed and evaluated various regression models, including simple linear regression, quadratic regression, and random forests. Our results indicate that color features can effectively predict SPAD values, particularly in frozen samples, with the best models achieving an R2 of 0.900. However, predicting thickness and strength proved more challenging, with models showing limited predictive power. Interestingly, strength predictions were more accurate for salted samples, suggesting that salt curing may enhance the relationship between visual features and physical strength. We found that processing methods significantly impact the effectiveness of prediction models. Freezing appears to better preserve the original optical properties of wakame, while salt curing introduces greater complexity, necessitating more sophisticated modeling approaches. This study contributes to the development of rapid, non-destructive methods for assessing wakame quality, which is crucial for the growing wakame industry. Our findings highlight the potential of visual analysis in wakame quality assessment while also emphasizing the need for tailored approaches based on processing methods. Future work should focus on refining these models and exploring additional factors that influence wakame properties.
Surgical technique for mitral valve repair in dogs using a novel method to anchor artificial chordae tendineae with emphasis on key intraoperative decision points
Authors: Isayama Noriko , Mizuno Takeshi , Suzuki Sayaka , Sasaki Kenta , Maeda Erika , Uchimura Yusuke
Published: December 2024

Objectives

Surgical options for mitral valve repair in dogs are unstandardized and influenced by various factors. This study describes a four-point surgical technique (MI-4) to reduce mitral regurgitation and provides data from a study of dogs with 12 months of follow up.

Methods

Twenty-five dogs with stages C or D mitral insufficiency were treated by one of two surgeons using the MI-4 procedure at Ueno no Mori Animal Hospital between October 2021 and May 2023. The surgical technique comprised: (I) determination of the valve annulus dimensions by measuring between the trigones, (II) triad-anchored chordae tendinea reconstruction, (III) determination of the appropriate position and number of chordae tendineae on the leaflets, and (IV) appropriate height determination. The regurgitation percentage was measured using B-mode color Doppler flow in the atrium in the four-chamber left long-axis view.

Results

There were no intraoperative complications, and 23, 23, and 18 dogs were successfully re-evaluated at 1, 6, and 12 months, respectively (5 dogs have not yet reached the 12-month follow-up point). The regurgitation percentage decreased from 73.0% (interquartile range, 58.1–81.5%) preoperatively to 2.1% (0.0–8.8%), 4.6% (0.1–10.8), and 1.3% (0.0–7.1) at 1, 6, and 12 months postoperatively, respectively. All surviving dogs improved clinically.

Conclusion

The MI-4 surgical technique was performed in dogs with mitral valve insufficiency with no significant complications. The surgery reduced the regurgitation percentage postoperatively, with benefits seen at least 12 months after surgery.
The D-lactate enigma: exploring the inflammatory influence of D-lactate in cattle
Authors: Burgos Rafael Agustín , Manosalva Carolina , Alarcón Pablo , Navarro Max , Quiroga John , Morán Gabriel , Gallastegui Jan , Brauchi Sebastián , Carretta María Daniella
Published: December 2024

D-lactic acidosis is associated with fermentative disturbances and is often marked by elevated levels of D-lactic acid in the blood, ruminal fluid, and synovial fluid in cattle. D-lactic acidosis is linked to various inflammatory manifestations, and although the causative factors have been extensively explored, the exact pathogenesis of the associated inflammation remains elusive. Notably, less attention has been given to D-lactate, a stereoisomer found in the plasma of affected animals, which may lead to D-lactic acidosis. This review aims to highlight the evidence suggesting that D-lactate participates in the modulation of inflammatory processes and explore its potential effects on synoviocytes, polymorphonuclear neutrophils, macrophages, and T-cells. This comprehensive examination of D-lactate’s involvement in the inflammatory response process provides timely insights into the pathophysiological aspects of ruminal acidosis in cattle.
Comparative Transcriptome and Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Reveals Key Genes Responding to Ralstonia solanacearum Infection
Authors: Yu Chuying , Li Weiliu , Xiang Rui , Yang Qihong , Jiang Yaqin , Gan Guiyun , Cai Liangyu , Li Wenjia , Wang Yikui
Published: December 2024

Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is a widely cultivated vegetable belonging to the family Solanaceae. However, it is highly susceptible to yield reduction owing to soil-borne diseases caused by bacterial wilt (BW) (Ralstonia solanacearum L.). Therefore, understanding the mechanism of bacterial wilt resistance in eggplant is helpful for genetic improvement to create cultivars with strong bacterial wilt resistance. In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of transcriptomics from eggplant varieties of different genotypes following infection with R. solanacearum. Transcriptome analysis revealed the majority of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) primarily implicated in pathways such as the MAPK signaling pathway, plant hormone signal transduction, and plant–pathogen interactions, as determined using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. The expression profiles of hormone pathway genes suggest that salicylic acid, ethylene, and jasmonic acid may play significant roles in conferring bacterial wilt resistance. DEGs from the leaves, roots, and stems were partitioned into 14 modules. Among these, the black module exhibited the strongest correlation with target traits and 16 hub genes were identified using gene co-expression network analysis. Subsequently, seven hub genes were selected for validation using RT-qPCR, and the results were consistent with the RNA-seq data. Notably, upon gene annotation, a significant proportion of the hub genes were annotated as heat shock proteins (HSPs) or heat shock transcription factors (HSFs). These findings offer valuable insights for advancing research on the molecular genetic mechanisms through which HSPs/HSFs contribute to bacterial wilt resistance in eggplant.
Effects of Fructus Aurantii Extract on Growth Performance, Nutrient Apparent Digestibility, Serum Parameters, and Fecal Microbiota in Finishing Pigs
Authors: Gan Haiqing , Lin Qian , Xiao Yecheng , Tian Qiyu , Deng Chao , Xie Renjie , Li Hongkun , Ouyang Jiajie , Huang Xingguo , Shan Yang , Chen Fengming
Published: December 2024

This study investigated the effects of Fructus Aurantii extract (FAE) on growth performance, nutrient apparent digestibility, serum parameters, fecal microbial composition, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in finishing pigs. In total, 75 Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire pigs (equally divided by sex), with an initial body weight of 79.49 ± 4.27 kg, were randomly assigned to three treatment groups. The pigs were fed either a basic diet (CON) or a basal diet supplemented with 500 mg/kg of FAE (FAE500) and 1000 mg/kg of FAE (FAE1000). The FAE1000 group exhibited a significantly higher final body weight (FBW) (p < 0.05), and the average daily feed intake (ADFI) showed an increasing tendency in the FAE500 and FAE1000 groups (p = 0.056) compared to the CON group. Additionally, the inclusion of FAE resulted in the significantly higher apparent digestibility of crude ash (Ash), gross energy (GE), and crude protein (CP) (p < 0.05), with a tendency to the increased digestibility of dry matter (DM) (p = 0.053). Dietary FAE supplementation led to elevated serum levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and decreased levels of serum L-lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), along with a tendency to increase serum glucose (GLU) levels (p = 0.084). The FAE500 group demonstrated higher serum concentrations of motilin (MTL) and gastrin (GAS) (p < 0.05), and a tendency for reduced serum glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) level (p = 0.055) compared to the CON group. Furthermore, alpha diversity analysis revealed that the FAE500 group significantly increased the Chao 1 and Observed_species indexes (p < 0.05). Similarly, beta diversity analysis indicated that FAE feeding altered the fecal microbial structure (p = 0.083). Notably, compared with the control group, CF231, Pediococcus, and Mogibacterium displayed higher relative abundance in the feces of the FAE500 group, whereas Tenericutes showed a reduction in relative abundance (p < 0.05). Additionally, the relative abundance of Tenericute was negatively correlated with the digestibility of DM, GE, Ash, and CP (p < 0.05). Serum MTL and GAS levels correlated positively with the Coprococcus, Dorea, Pediococcus, and Mogibacterium relative abundances (p < 0.05). Collectively, dietary FAE supplementation could enhance growth performance by boosting beneficial bacteria in feces, stimulating gastrointestinal hormone secretion, and improving nutrient digestibility.
Effects of Tithonia diversifolia Extract as a Feed Additive on Digestibility and Performance of Hair Lambs
Authors: Barreto-Cruz Olga Teresa , Henao Zambrano Juan Carlos , Ospina Barrero Maria Alejandra , Castañeda-Serrano Román David
Published: December 2024

Animal production requires efficiency, safety and environmental sustainability. Bioactive compounds from tropical plants could modulate ruminal fermentation, providing an alternative method to antibiotic treatment and addressing concerns about antibiotic resistance. In this study, the aim was to determine the effects of Tithonia diversifolia extract (TDE) on performance, intake, digestibility and blood parameters [i.e., glucose, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT)] in crossbreed sheep. The main biocompounds of the TDE include caffeic acid (CA), quercetin (QCT), luteolin (LT) and apigenin (AP). Experiment 1: An in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) study was conducted to determine the optimal inclusion levels. The IVDM values were 73.09a, 82.03b, 81.01b, 73.20a and 74.51a for the control, 5, 10, 15 and 20 g/kg for the DM treatments, respectively (R-Sq adj = 0.857). The levels of 5 and 10 g were selected for the in vivo experiment. Experiment 2: Twenty-eight male crossbred hair lambs were assigned to four treatments (n = 7): control, 20 mg monensin/day, 5 g TDE/day and 10 g TDE/day groups. No differences in animal performance were observed, including body weight and feed conversion (p > 0.05). The TDE at 10 g/day improved NDF digestibility) (61.32%) and reduced the ruminal acetate to propionate ratio. The total digestible nutrients (TDN) were higher in 10 g TDE treatment with 66.41% and the lowest acetate production (67.82%) (p = 0.042), and propionate production (21.07%) were observed. The TDE were safe at 5 g and 10 g/day for liver function and exhibited lower BUN levels suggesting an improvement in protein metabolism. TDE extract at 10 g/day (TDE10), showed improvements in total tract digestibility of NDF and reduced the ruminal acetate to propionate ratio. However, due to TDE10 reducing the DM intake, the improvements in digestibility and ruminal fermentation were not reflected in growth performance improvements.
Decay of Airborne Bacteria from Cattle Farm Under A-Band Ultraviolet Radiation
Authors: Ding Luyu , Zhang Qing , Yu Ligen , Jiang Ruixiang , Yao Chunxia , Wang Chaoyuan , Li Qifeng
Published: December 2024

Inspired by the effects of solar or UV radiation on the decay of airborne bacteria during their transport, this study investigated the effect of UVA on the decay of airborne bacteria from cattle houses and analyzed the potential use of UVA to reduce indoor airborne bacteria under laboratory conditions. Airborne bacteria from the cattle source were generated and released into a small-scale test chamber (1.5 m3) with different strategies according to the different objectives in decay tests and simulated sterilization tests. Increasing with the UVA radiation gradients (0, 500, 1000, 1500 μW cm−2), the average decay rate of total curable airborne bacteria ranged from 2.7% to 61.6% in decay tests. Under the combination of different UVA radiation intensities (2000 μW cm−2 in maximum) and radiation durations (60 min in maximum), simulated sterilization tests were conducted to examine the potential use of UVA radiation for air sterilization in animal houses. With the dynamic inactive rate (DIR) ranging from 17.2% to 62.4%, we proved that UVA may be an alternative way to reduce the indoor airborne bacteria in cattle houses if applied properly. Similar effects would be achieved using either a high radiation intensity with a short radiation duration or a low radiation intensity with a long radiation duration.
Genetic Characterization of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Isolates Circulating in Mosquitoes from Pig and Sheep Farms in Shanghai, China
Authors: Zhang Hailong , Li Dan , Zheng Jiayang , Zhang Yan , Li Zongjie , Liu Ke , Li Beibei , Qiu Yafeng , Shao Donghua , Wai Soesoe , Wei Jianchao , Ma Zhiyong , Liu Juxiang
Published: December 2024

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is regarded as an emerging and reemerging pathogen that is a primary cause of viral encephalitis in humans. However, there is a scarcity of research on the prevalence of JEV genotypes across the different mosquito species in Shanghai. In this study, the diversity of mosquito species and prevalence of JEV in pig and sheep farms in Shanghai were surveyed in 2022. A total of 24,073 mosquitoes, belonging to four genera and seven species, were collected from pig and sheep enclosures in the Chongming, Jiading, Pudong, Fengxian, and Jinshan Districts of Shanghai. Culex tritaeniorhynchus was identified as the predominant species (87.09%, 20,965/24,073) with the highest JEV detection rate. Six strains of JEV were isolated in this study, and genetic analysis revealed that five strains (SH22-M5, SH22-M9, SH22-M14, SH22-M41, and SH22-M52) belonged to genotype I (GI), while one strain (SH22-M1) was classified as genotype III (GIII). The sequence homology was highest between SH22-M9 and SD-1 (99.87%) and between SH22-M14 and SD12 (99.53%). SH22-M5, SH22-M41, and SH22-M52 shared the highest sequence homology with the HEN07011 strain (99.73–99.93%). SH22-M1 was most closely related to SH18, with a sequence homology of 99.8%. Additionally, for the first time, the GI JEV strain was isolated from mosquitoes in sheep sties in this study. The findings highlight the necessity of enhancing the surveillance of JEV in pigs and other livestock farms, including sheep, as well as monitoring the mosquitoes present in these environments. It is recommended that livestock farming areas be kept separate from human habitation to reduce the risk of JEV infections in humans.
Genetic Profiles of Purine, Uric Acid, Superoxide Dismutase, and Growth in Thai Slow-Growing Chickens
Authors: Boonkum Wuttigrai , Chankitisakul Vibuntita , Kananit Srinuan , Tuntiyasawasdikul Veeraya , Sirisan Vatsana , Kenchaiwong Wootichai
Published: December 2024

The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters and genetic correlations between growth characteristics and purine and uric acid in the breast and liver and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the blood. The growth characteristics included body weight (BW) at hatching (BW0), BW at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks of age, average daily gain (ADG) at 0–2, 2–4, 4–6, 6–8, and 8–10 weeks of age, and breast circumference at 6, 8, and 10 weeks of age (BrC6, BrC8, and BrC10) were recorded from 300 Thai native chickens (Shee breed). In total, 30 chickens (15 males and 15 females) were randomly euthanized to collect breast meat, liver, and blood samples to determine the purine content. A multiple-trait animal model and an average information-restricted maximum likelihood (AI-REML) were used to estimate the variance components and genetic parameters. The estimated heritability values for all growth traits were moderate and ranged from 0.304 to 0.485, 0.270 to 0.335, and 0.286 to 0.314 for BW, ADG, and BrC, respectively. The estimated heritability values for various biochemical traits, including purine content, uric acid, and SOD levels, were low to moderate and ranged from 0.035 to 0.143, and 0.050 to 0.213 in breast meat and liver, respectively. In genetic correlations, total purine content showed a strong negative correlation with growth traits, whereas uric acid and SOD levels exhibited varying degrees of correlation with BW and ADG. These results highlight the importance of genetic parameters between growth and biochemical traits in Thai native chickens and provide valuable insights for breeding programs aimed at improving growth performance and meat quality. This study indicated the potential use of heritability values and genetic correlations to enhance selective breeding strategies using the multiple-trait genetic evaluation method for optimal trait combinations in poultry.
Cyclic Performance of Prefabricated Bridge Piers with Concrete-Filled Steel Tubes and Improved Bracing Connection Detail
Authors: Kim Dongwook , Jeon Chi-Ho , Park Ki-Tae
Published: December 2024

Concrete-filled steel tubes (CFTs) offer significant structural advantages in terms of stiffness, strength, and ductility. The concrete core enhances the stiffness and compressive strength of columns, whereas the steel tube serves as a reinforcement to resist tension and bending by confining the concrete. Moreover, CFT columns offer exceptional resistance, such as high strength, ductility, and energy absorption capacity. This study presents experiments focused on prefabricated bridge piers featuring multiple CFT columns. Commercial circular steel tubes were utilized to streamline fabrication efforts, with bracings employed to enhance structural performance by connecting the CFT columns. Component tests were conducted for different connection details to prevent premature failure owing to cyclic loading. A full-scale modular pier was designed to explore its cyclic behavior using the bracing connection details derived from the component test. The plastification location in a modular pier can be designed using the connection details, as validated experimentally. The results of this study indicate that CFT columns, as the main component of the bridge pier, can be protected by designing connection details to induce stress concentration in the braces, thereby achieving ductile behavior.
Calibration of iPad Pro LiDAR Scanning Parameters for the Scanning of Heritage Structures Using Orthogonal Arrays
Authors: Atencio Edison , Muñoz Andrea , Lozano Fidel , González-Arteaga Jesús , Lozano-Galant José Antonio
Published: December 2024

The deterioration of historical heritage has underscored the need for precise documentation and accurate measurements in restoration and conservation efforts. Detailed documentation not only enhances understanding but also provides architects and engineers with the necessary tools to optimize these processes. However, limited funding has prompted researchers to develop low-cost geomatic tools and methodologies, such as multi-image photogrammetry, to generate 3D point clouds. Technologies like miniaturized Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) sensors, integrated into Apple devices such as the iPhone and iPad since 2020, have made these tools more accessible. These sensors deliver direct time-of-flight measurements, enabling accurate 3D data acquisition of historical structures. Despite the critical role that scan parameters—such as scanning speed, sensor angle, lighting, or the distance from the scanned object—may play, there is a lack of detailed studies examining their effects in the literature. To address this gap, this paper employs Taguchi’s orthogonal arrays to define the optimal scan parameters for the LiDAR sensor on the 2022 iPad Pro. The optimized parameters are then used to scan a historical building.
Performance Simulation and Optimization of Cylindrical Mirror-Spliced Parabolic Trough Solar Collector
Authors: Liu Bowen , Mbabazi Vian , Huang Weidong
Published: December 2024

This paper proposes a new type of solar trough collector with a spliced cylindrical mirror and develops a new ray-tracing method to predict and optimize its performance. The mirrors of this system are composed of multiple cylindrical mirrors whose centers are on a parabola, and the normal vector of the centers of each cylindrical mirror is consistent with the normal vector of the parabola point where it is located. The new ray-tracing method is based on the transverse distribution of solar radiation, and it has been validated with Soltrace, with the maximum intercept factor error in the calculations being less than 0.31%. This paper compares the spliced cylindrical mirror trough solar system with the conventional parabolic trough system and finds that the influence of cylindrical, spherical, and coma aberration can be reduced to negligible levels by adjusting the system design. At the same time, the slope error and cost of the cylindrical mirror are much less than the parabolic mirror so it has better performance from numerical simulation. The spliced cylindrical mirror system can be further optimized to achieve an annual net efficiency of 65.52% in the north–south horizontal axis tracking mode.
YOLO-Type Neural Networks in the Process of Adapting Mathematical Graphs to the Needs of the Blind
Authors: Kawulok Mateusz , Maćkowski Michał
Published: December 2024

This publication focuses on verifying the AI effectiveness in adapting traditional educational materials to digital form, with a focus on blind people. Despite the existence of solutions to assist visually impaired people, the adaptation of graphics is still problematic. To address these challenges, the use of machine learning, which is becoming increasingly prominent in modern solutions, can be effective. Of particular note are YOLO neural networks, known for their ability to analyze images accurately and in real time. The potential of these networks has not yet been fully validated in the context of mathematical graphics for the visually impaired. This research allowed for the determination of the effectiveness of selected versions of YOLO in recognizing relevant elements in mathematical graphs and the identification of the advantages and limitations of each version. It also helped to point out further potential developments in adapting graphs to accessible forms for blind people. The obtained results indicate that YOLOv5 and YOLOv8 have the most potential in this field. This research not only highlights the applicability of machine learning to accessibility challenges but also provides a foundation for the development of automated tools that can assist teachers in inclusive classroom environments.
A Study on a Scenario-Based Security Incident Prediction System for Cybersecurity
Authors: Lee Yong-Joon
Published: December 2024

In the 4th industrial era, the proliferation of interconnected smart devices and advancements in AI, particularly big data and machine learning, have integrated various industrial domains into cyberspace. This convergence brings novel security threats, making it essential to prevent known incidents and anticipate potential breaches. This study develops a scenario-based evaluation system to predict and evaluate possible security accidents using the MITRE ATT&CK framework. It analyzes various security incidents, leveraging attack strategies and techniques to create detailed security scenarios and profiling services. Key contributions include integrating security logs, quantifying incident likelihood, and establishing proactive threat management measures. The study also proposes automated security audits and legacy system integration to enhance security posture. Experimental results show the system’s efficacy in detecting and preventing threats, providing actionable insights and a structured approach to threat analysis and response. This research lays the foundation for advanced security prediction systems, ensuring robust defense mechanisms against emerging cyber threats.
Virtual Try-On Systems in Fashion Consumption: A Systematic Review
Authors: Chen Caixia , Ni Jiayan , Zhang Peishan
Published: December 2024

The application of virtual try-on (VTO) technologies in the fashion industry is garnering increasing attention and is regarded as a significant innovation in enhancing the consumer experience for fashion shoppers. This study conducts a systematic review to evaluate the impact of VTO systems on consumer behavior and experiences within the fashion industry. By analyzing 69 research articles, we identified key factors influencing consumers’ purchasing decisions and VTO adoption intentions. These factors include attitudes, media, symbolic gratification, technological gratification, emotional values, utilitarian values, and user attributes. Based on these findings, we construct conceptual frameworks that clearly delineate how direct factors and their influencing elements impact consumers’ purchase and technology adoption behaviors. This review synthesizes the psychological and technological dimensions shaping consumer behavior, addressing critical gaps in the literature specific to fashion consumption. Moreover, future research directions were discussed. By addressing key challenges such as boundary factors, user segmentation, and technological advancements, this study offers actionable insights to guide researchers and practitioners in creating more personalized, immersive, and effective VTO systems in the fashion industry.
Numerical Modeling of Engineering-Scale Jointed Coal Mass and Confining Pressure Effect
Authors: Zhang Feiteng , Wang Xiangyu , Wang Qingcang , Bai Jianbiao , Chen Dingchao , Li Menglong , Sun Shiqi
Published: December 2024

In coal masses, joints serve as crucial components influencing mechanical responses and failure mechanisms. The joint distribution complicates the acquisition of physical parameters for engineering-scale coal masses, and traditional laboratory or in situ tests often suffer from inaccuracies and high costs. Therefore, examination of the dynamic properties of engineering-scale coal mass is generally performed by numerical simulations. This paper proposes a model construction approach using two-dimension Particle Flow Code (PFC2D) software to study the mechanical properties of engineering-scale jointed coal mass, addressing the limitations of conventional models by integrating scale effects, accuracy, and computational efficiency. Firstly, the distribution characteristics and mechanical parameters of the joints in the coal mass were obtained based on field statistics and laboratory experiments. The parameters of the laboratory-scale model were calibrated by the numerical matching method. The discrete element model for the engineering-scale coal mass was constructed by the step-by-step matching method. The confining pressure effect on the coal mass under a biaxial loading condition was studied, while the strength change, fissure evolution, and failure mechanism under different confining pressures and fissure degrees were investigated. Based on the simulation results, a quantitative relationship was established between the mechanical parameters, fissure degree, and confining pressure under compression conditions. Ultimately, the failure zone ahead of the working face and the distribution of the abutment pressure were assessed using the mechanics parameters of coal masses with diverse joint distributions.
The Effects of Flywheel Training with a Portable Device on Physical Performance in Soccer Players
Authors: Vázquez Romero Javier , Núñez-González Juan L. , Valenzuela Barrero Carlos , Hernández Abad Fernando , Núñez Francisco J.
Published: December 2024

Soccer is a team sport in which players expend high-intensity intermittent efforts that require the production of sprints, accelerations, decelerations, changes of direction, and jumps. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of training with portable and low-cost flywheel devices, using multi-directional exercises over 8 weeks, on the performance of linear sprint, curve sprint, and change of direction in senior soccer players. Thirty-three players participated in the research, divided into a control group and an experimental group. The latter group performed the training protocol in addition to the technical–tactical soccer training. Before and after the application of the training protocol, the linear and curve sprint and change of direction (V-cut) were evaluated. At the end of the training program, significant improvements (p < 0.05) were found in change of direction and in curve sprint with respect to the control group. The results suggested that resistance training with flywheel devices with low training volumes improves performance in change of direction and in curve sprint, which are key performance variables in soccer. Therefore, this type of training could be added to technical–tactical soccer training to enhance the variables that are essential to reach high-performance metrics in soccer.
Satellite Signatures of Pre-Seismic Atmospheric Anomalies of 6 February 2023 Türkiye Earthquakes
Authors: Zoran Maria , Savastru Dan , Tautan Marina
Published: December 2024

Time series satellite data, coupled with available ground-based observations, enable geophysicists to survey earthquake precursors in areas of strong geotectonic activity. This paper is focused on pre-seismic atmospheric disturbances resulting from the stress accumulated during the seismogenic process related to the 6 February 2023 Kahramanmaras doublet earthquake sequence in Türkiye. We investigated the pre- and post-seismic anomalies of multiple precursors of different spatiotemporal patterns from MODIS Terra/Aqua and NOAA-AVHRR satellite data (air temperature at 2 m height—AT, air relative humidity—RH, and air pressure—AP, surface outgoing long-wave radiation—OLR, and land surface temperature—LST). Pre-seismic recorded anomalies of AT within seven months and OLR within one month before the main shocks suggested the existence of the preparatory process of the Kahramanmaras doublet earthquake. The 8-Day LST_Day and LST_night data evidenced pre-seismic and post-seismic thermal anomalies for both the Pazarcik and Elbistan earthquakes. The results of this study highlight that the spatiotemporal evolution of earthquake precursors can be important information for updating the seismic hazard in geotectonic active areas.
A Phosphatidyl Conjugated Telomerase-Dependent Telomere-Targeting Nucleoside Demonstrates Colorectal Cancer Direct Killing and Immune Signaling
Authors: Yilmaz Merve , Goksen Sibel , Mender Ilgen , Esendagli Gunes , Erdener Sefik Evren , Ahmed Alessandra , Tenekeci Ates Kutay , Birichevskaya Larisa L. , Gryaznov Sergei M. , Shay Jerry W. , Dikmen Z. Gunnur
Published: December 2024

Telomerase and telomeres are crucial in cancer cell immortalization, making them key targets for anticancer therapies. Currently, 6-thio-dG (THIO) combined with the anti-PD-1 inhibitor Cemiplimab is under phase II clinical investigation (NCT05208944) in NSCLC patients resistant to prior immunotherapies. This study presents the design, synthesis, and evaluation of novel bimodular conjugate molecules combining telomere-targeting nucleoside analogs and phosphatidyl diglyceride groups. Among them, dihexanoyl-phosphatidyl-THIO (diC6-THIO) showed high anticancer activity with sub-µM EC50 values in vitro across various cancer cell lines. In mouse colorectal cancer models, diC6-THIO demonstrated strong anticancer effects alone and in combination with PD1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Administration of this compound resulted in the efficient formation of Telomere dysfunction Induced Foci (TIFs) in vitro, indicating an on-target, telomerase-mediated telomere-modifying mechanism of action for the molecule. Systemic treatment also activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells while reducing regulatory T cells, indicating immune system enhancement. Notably, diC6-THIO exhibits an improved solubility profile while maintaining comparable anticancer properties, further supporting its potential as a promising therapeutic candidate. These findings highlight diC6-THIO as a promising telomere-targeting prodrug with dual effects on telomere modification and immune activation.
Endoplasmic Reticulum Calcium Signaling in Hippocampal Neurons
Authors: Shkryl Vyacheslav M.
Published: December 2024

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a key organelle in cellular homeostasis, regulating calcium levels and coordinating protein synthesis and folding. In neurons, the ER forms interconnected sheets and tubules that facilitate the propagation of calcium-based signals. Calcium plays a central role in the modulation and regulation of numerous functions in excitable cells. It is a versatile signaling molecule that influences neurotransmitter release, muscle contraction, gene expression, and cell survival. This review focuses on the intricate dynamics of calcium signaling in hippocampal neurons, with particular emphasis on the activation of voltage-gated and ionotropic glutamate receptors in the plasma membrane and ryanodine and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors in the ER. These channels and receptors are involved in the generation and transmission of electrical signals and the modulation of calcium concentrations within the neuronal network. By analyzing calcium fluctuations in neurons and the associated calcium handling mechanisms at the ER, mitochondria, endo-lysosome and cytosol, we can gain a deeper understanding of the mechanistic pathways underlying neuronal interactions and information transfer.
Decoding FGF/FGFR Signaling: Insights into Biological Functions and Disease Relevance
Authors: Edirisinghe Oshadi , Ternier Gaëtane , Alraawi Zeina , Suresh Kumar Thallapuranam Krishnaswamy
Published: December 2024

Fibroblast Growth Factors (FGFs) and their cognate receptors, FGFRs, play pivotal roles in a plethora of biological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, tissue repair, and metabolic homeostasis. This review provides a comprehensive overview of FGF-FGFR signaling pathways while highlighting their complex regulatory mechanisms and interconnections with other signaling networks. Further, we briefly discuss the FGFs involvement in developmental, metabolic, and housekeeping functions. By complementing current knowledge and emerging research, this review aims to enhance the understanding of FGF-FGFR-mediated signaling and its implications for health and disease, which will be crucial for therapeutic development against FGF-related pathological conditions.