bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of Blood Tests in norovirus-associated Benign Convulsions with Mild Gastroenteritis in Children
Authors: Jiang Daoju , Shi Kaili , Li Suyun , Liu Guangming , Liu Zheng , Shen Jun , Li Peiqing
Published: July 2022

Purpose: Benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis (CWG) is a common condition in children in Asia , and the prognosis is generally good,However, the diagnosis of CWG is an exclusive diagnosis and attention should be paid to the exclusion of potential intracranial diseases. This study analyzed the clinical features of norovirus associated CWG to provide evidence for reducing unnecessary tests.Methods:Medical records of children admitted to the Department of Emergency of Guangzhou Women and Children′s Medical Center with Stool etiology was positive for norovirus between January 2019 and January 2020 were divided into CWG group and simple gastroenteritis group ,and were reviewed and analyzed.Results:A total of 89 norovirus cases were enrolled . Age of onset, male/female ratio of CWG group and simple gastroenteritis group were 49 cases, mean 20.84 ± 5.83 months and 27:22, 40 cases, mean 19.00 ± 13.48 months and, 26:14，respectively.Serum uric acid levels in CwG and acute gastroenteritis groups increased in 43 (87.8%) and 9 (22.5%) cases, respectively. The average serum uric acid level in the CwG group was significantly higher than that in the acute gastroenteritis group (564.36±125.28umol/L vs 338.42±141.03umol/L [mean±standard deviation], p<0.0001) .The potential of hydrogen（PH）， bicarbonate（HCO3–），BE bases excess（BE），blood glucose ,Serum sodium and white blood cell(WBC) of CWG group were also lower than those of simple gastroenteritis group, the differences were statistically significant, while there were no significant differences in transaminase、residual myocardial enzymes, electrolytes and C-reactive protein(CRP ),etc.Conclusion:Children with norovirus diarrhea with recurrent convulsions, increased serum uric acid, more obvious acidosis should pay high attention to the possibility of Norovirus related CWG, lumbar puncture and Cranial imaging are unnecessary and should not be recommended.
Effect of surface termination on electronic and optical properties of lead-free tin-based eco-friendly perovskite solar cell: A first principal study
Authors: Nehra Jagdish , Kilak Mukesh , Singhal Rishi Kumar
Published: July 2022

The lead (Pb) based halide perovskites have been reported to be promising materials for photovoltaic applications, however, presence of toxic lead in them concerns the environmental and health issues. In this work, we have, therefore, studied the lead-free and non-toxic tin-based halide perovskite, CsSnI3, which is an eco-friendly material with high power conversion efficiency thus being a potential candidate for photovoltaic applications. We have investigated the influence of CsI and SnI2- terminated (001) surfaces on structural, electronic and optical properties of lead-free tin-based halide perovskite CsSnI3 from the first principal calculations, based on density functional theory (DFT). The calculations of electronic and optical parameters are performed under the parameterization of PBE_Sol for exchange correlation functions conjugated with modified- Beche-Johnshon (mBJ) exchange potential. The optimised lattice constant, the energy band structure and the density of states (DoS) have been calculated for the bulk and different terminated surface structures. The optical properties of CsSnI3 are computed in terms of the real and imaginary part of absorption coefficient, dielectric function, refractive index, conductivity, reflectivity, extinction coefficient and electron energy loss. The photovoltaic characteristics for CsI- termination are found to be better than the bulk and SnI2- terminated surfaces. This study reveals that optical and electronic properties can be tuned by selecting proper surface termination in halide perovskite CsSnI3. The CsSnI3 surfaces exhibit semiconductor behaviour with a direct energy band gap and a high value of absorption power in the ultraviolet and visible region rendering these inorganic halide perovskite materials important for eco-friendly and efficient optoelectronic devices.
Aptamer-conjugated graphene oxide for enrichment of microcystin-LR prior to matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Feng Junli , Wu Yuanyuan , Song Gongshuai , Zhang Jian , Wang Qingcheng , Ling Liping , Shen Qing , Li Juanjuan
Published: July 2022

Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is a cyclic heptapeptide with hepatotoxic and neurotoxic activities in mammals, which is the most widespread variant of MCs produced by cyanobacterial in eutrophic water. Here, an effective adsorbent using aptamer modified graphene oxide (GO) was designed to detect MC-LR at low concentrations. GO was functionalized with an MC-LR aptamer (Apt-3) by surface modification using polyethylene glycol (PEG). Then, the novel aptamer-conjugated GO (Apt-3/PEG/GO) was used to enrich and separate MC-LR from pond water or freshwater snail samples following by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) analysis. Results indicated that the Apt-3/PEG/GO nanocomposites were highly specific to MC-LR, and the detection limit of MALDI-MS was 0.50 ng/mL in spiked, environmental water samples. Moreover, the MC-LR can be released from nanocomposites by heating, thus the reuse of Apt-3/PEG/GO is realized. Real samples analysis indicated that the Apt-3/PEG/GO nanocomposites coupled with MALDI-MS was efficient in detection trace amount of MC-LR in snail samples. With the merits of low cost, reusable, easy to synthesis and to flexible assembly, the Apt-3/PEG/GO nanocomposites is a novel adsorbent with extensive applications, and its combination with MALDI-MS is expected to assess other analytes by anchoring suitable aptamers for different targets.
Region Duplication Tampering Detection and Localization in digital video using Haar Wavelet Transform
Authors: J NIRMAL JOTHI , Nithila Ezhil E , X Ascar Davix
Published: July 2022

In today’s digital world because of the widespread availability of software tools and advancement in technology created a way for editing or modifying digital data. Availability of low cost software tools such as Adobe Premiere, Magix Vegas, Mokey by Imagineer Systems and Microsoft Movie Maker made it very easy to manipulate video content effectively. Altering the contents of digital videos became very easy because of these powerful video editing software. Video editing software is often used to copy and paste a portion of the frame from one region to another region in the same frame or another frame, in order to conceal the truth. Region duplication is one of the most common methods of video tampering. Many methodologies have been discussed by different researches to detect such tampering in digital video sequences by analyzing the spatial and temporal correlations between the pixels of the frame. However, most of the algorithms exhibit low accuracy and high computational complexity. In this paper, we are introducing a novel region duplication tampering detection technique to detect intra frame region duplication from the video sequence by means of wavelet transform and Euclidean distance. The proposed technique is evaluated using various videos where region duplication in frames introduced. From the experimental results performance of the proposed technique is evaluated in terms Precision, Recall, F1, Accuracy and computation time. Our experimental results proved that this method is highly suitable for detecting the duplicated regions in the video which is very much useful in forensic applications.
Identification of Kukoamine A as an Osteogenic Suppressor and Anti-osteoporosis Drug Target
Authors: guan Zhiyuan , Liu Shengfu , guan zhiqiang , luo liying , tao tun
Published: July 2022

Osteoporosis (OP) is a major and growing public health problem characterized by decreased bone mineral density and destroyed bone microarchitecture. Previous studies found that Lycium chinense Mill (LC) has a potent role in inhibiting bone loss. Kukoamine A (KuA), a bioactive compound extract from LC which was responsible for the anti-osteoporosis effect. This study aimed to investigate the anti-osteoporosis effect of KuA isolated from LC in treating OP and its potential molecular mechanism. In this study, network pharmacology and molecular docking were investigated firstly to find the active ingredients of LC such as KuA and the target genes of OP. And then, the anti-osteoporotic effect of KuA in vivo and vitro were investigated and the potential molecular mechanism including inflammation level, cell apoptosis, and oxidative stress were analyzed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), micro-CT, ELISA, RT-PCR, and Western Blot. A total of 22 active compounds were screened, and we found KuA was identified as the highest active ingredient. PYGM was the target gene associated with a maximum number of active ingredients of LC and regulated KuA. In vivo, KuA treatment significantly increased the bone mineral density and bone structure which promote bone formation and inhibit bone resorption. In vitro, KuA significantly improves osteogenic differentiation and mineralization in cells experiment. In addition, KuA also attenuated inflammation levels, cell apoptosis and oxidative stress level. The results suggest that KuA could protect against the development of OP in osteoblast cells and ovariectomized OP model mice.
The Non-native Animals in China: Species Diversity, Spatial Distribution and Invasion Pattern
Authors: Peng Shuo , Wang Yannan , Wang Daimei , Li Zhihong , Xian Xiaoqing , Zhao Zihua
Published: July 2022

The global patterns of non-native species attract substantial concern especially due to the global changing environment. The inventory of the non-native species in a given region provides basic information for further exploration of biological invasions. We first compiled a checklist of the non-native animals in China and then analyzed their species diversity and invasion patterns. In total, 885 species of non-native animals were recorded in China, belonging to 8 phyla, 87 orders and 612 genera. Asia and North America dominated most species of non-native animals, while 125 species originated in China. The spatial distribution of non-native animals showed a decrease from coastal areas to inland regions, and inland borders had noteworthy regions (Guangxi and Xinjiang) with more records of non-native species. Additionally, the species number of non-native animals has experienced an exponential increase since 1900. Actinopterygii and Insecta were the two major groups, and Coleoptera was the largest group of Insecta. Most species of non-native insects had polyphagous and multivoltinism traits, which may be invasion indictors. Non-native animals were most likely introduced into China by stowaway and contaminant. The overview of the non-native animals in China provides comprehensive horizon of the invasion pattern, helping us to master the dynamics of non-native animals, and contributing to a balanced understanding of their global patterns.
Insights into the interaction between cadmium/ tetracycline and nano-TiO2 on a zeolite surface
Authors: Wang Teng , Meng Zhaofu , Liu Lin , Li Wenbin
Published: July 2022

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles interact with organic–inorganic pollutants in the environment, and these interactions affect their environmental behavior. The mechanisms of the interaction between TiO2 and organic–inorganic pollutants on the surface of clay minerals are still unclear. In this work, isotherm adsorption was studied to explore the interactions between Cd2+/tetracycline (TC), TiO2 nanoparticles, and a zeolite (Zeo). SEM, FT-IR, and XPS were also used to reveal the interaction mechanism between organic–inorganic pollutants and TiO2 on their stability and mobility in the environment. Compared to the single systems, the adsorption of Cd2+ and TiO2 in the Cd + TiO2 composite system decreased by 3.43% and 9.90%, respectively; the TC and TiO2 adsorption in the TC + TiO2 composite system decreased by 14.39% and 45.47%, respectively. The antagonism between Cd2+ and TiO2 was due to Cd2+ and TiO2 competing for the electrostatic attraction (-OH) and hydrogen bonding sites (Si-O), TC and TiO2 competing for the hydrogen bonding sites (-OH and C = O) on Zeo. The presence of TiO2 will increase the mobility of Cd2+ and TC on a clay surface, and this effect is more significant for organic pollutants TC. Compared with Cd2+, TC has a more significant boosting impact on the TiO2 mobility.
Associations of fertility parameters with fatty acids and DNA methylation in Mexican women undergoing in vitro fertilization
Authors: Zúñiga-Sánchez Patricia , González-Ortega Claudia , Cancino-Villarreal Patricia , Martínez-Garza Sandra , Molina-Torres Jorge , Ramírez-Chávez Enrique , Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez Antonio , Lund Gertrud , Zaina Silvio
Published: July 2022

Background. Fatty acids (FA) likely affect human fertility at multiple levels, as deviations from physiological FA profiles are obesogenic, and FA can modify DNA methylation (DNAm). Yet, the interplay of follicular fluid (FF) and serum FA with BMI and percentage body fat (PBF) in human fertility is not completely understood. Also, associations of DNAm with fertility are largely unexplored. Methods. Reproductive parameters ranging from retrieved oocyte number to infant birth weight, were recorded in Mexican women undergoing in vitro fertilization (n=88). Multiple regression analysis sought BMI-adjusted and age-adjusted associations. Receiver operating characteristic analysis tested for discrimination between outcomes. Results. Associations of FF and serum FA were markedly distinct. While various FF FA (C16:1, C18:0, C20:2, C20:3, arachidonic acid) were significantly and inversely associated only with retrieved oocyte number, selected serum FA were associated with a broad range of pre-fertilization and post-fertilization parameters. Associations of BMI and FF FA were complex, as arachidonic acid was inversely associated with both BMI and retrieved oocyte number, while oleic acid (OA) was directly associated with BMI and PBF. Ultrasound-assessed clinical pregnancy outcome (CP) was directly associated with serum OA but inversely with its trans isomer elaidic acid (EA) and with BMI. Compounded BMI, serum EA and OA discriminated CP well (AUC=0.74). Whole blood DNA methylation was significantly associated with and a moderate predictor (AUC=0.66) of percent fertilized oocytes.Conclusions. Overall FF FA pool composition rather than FA identity may impact oocyte production and cellular memory of FF FA is lost as the oocyte exits the follicular environment. The contrasting associations of BMI, FF OA and arachidonic acid suggest that the control of oocyte homeostasis by FF FA is uncoupled from BMI. Further studies are warranted to assess the potential of compounding BMI with serum EA and OA to predict CP.
Theoretical analysis and simulation calculation of hydrodynamic pressure pulsation effect and flow induced vibration response of radial gate structure
Authors: Zhang Bozhi , Jing Xiaochuan
Published: July 2022

To explore the characteristics of stochastic fluctuant water pressure acted on the surface of large radial gate and the flow-induced vibration response of the whole radial gate structure, taking a large-scale radial gate as prototype, the finite element calculation model structure of the radial gate was established to discuss the hydrodynamic pressure acting on the gate leaf with different opening, to study the dynamic pressure time curves and obtain the flow-induced vibration response by imposing hydrodynamic pressure as dynamic load. Take 10% opening of the radial gate, the results show that the hydrodynamic pressure distributed on the arc surface of the radial gate changes with the flow conditions, and the maximum pressure appears at the center of the lower edge of the gate leaf. The time history curve of fluctuating water pressure at a point can be used as the dynamic load for the flow-induced vibration analysis. The flow-induced vibration responses at the monitoring point of the radial gate structure have periodic changes in the X, Y, Z directions. The finite element simulation results are in good agreement with the theoretical calculation results, which can provide references for hydrodynamic pressure testing and flow-induced vibration response calculations.
The dominant nature of Herzberg-Teller terms in the photophysical description of naphthalene compared to anthracene and tetracene
Authors: Manian Anjay , Russo Salvy. P
Published: July 2022

The first order and second order corrected photoluminescence quantum yields are computed and compared to experiment for naphthalene in this manuscript discussing negative results. Results for anthracene and tetracene are recalled from previous work [J. Chem. Phys. 155, 054108 (2021)], and the results for all three polyacenes are juxtaposed to each other. While at the Franck-Condon point, each of the three noted polyacenes were found to possess a quantum yield near unity. Following the consideration of Herzberg-Teller effects, quantum yields stabilised for anthracene and tetracene to 0.19 and 0.08 respectively. Conversely, the second order corrected quantum yield for naphthalene was found to be 0.91. Analysis of this result showed that while the predicted non-radiative pathways correlate well with what should be expected, the approximation used to calculate second order corrected fluorescence, which yielded very positive results for many other molecular systems, here is unable to account for strong second order contributions, resulting in a grossly overestimated rate of fluorescence. However, substitution of an experimental radiative rate results in a quantum yield of 0.33. This work extols the importance of Herzberg-Teller terms in photophysical descriptions of chromophores, and highlights those cases in which a treatment beyond the above approximation is required.
Occurrences of self-administered antibiotics, culture diagnostic challenges and multi-drug resistant S. aureus among Ethiopian pyogenic/bacterial meningitis patients: 2020-2021
Authors: Mihret Wude , Alemu Ashenafi , Hussein Ekram , Merid Yared , Asres Mezgebu Silamsaw , Ayele Samuel , Mola Kasse , Yeshitela Biruk , Beyene Getachew Tesfaye , Mekuria Biruktawit Amdemariam , Yimer Marechign , Mihret Adane
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Bacterial meningitis (BM) is a serious life-threatening disease affecting the central nervous system. Less focus is given to uncommon causes of BM etiologic agents such as Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and their magnitude of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The disease burden caused by S. aureus is also poorly understood in developing countries such as Ethiopia. Culture based diagnosis of BM is the gold standard method for detection of the etiologic agents of the disease. Use of self-administered antibiotics results in development of AMR of bacterial agents and in culture based diagnostic challenges.Purpose: This study is exploring the status of uncommon cause of BM, the magnitude of antimicrobial resistance and challenges in culture based diagnosis.Patient and Methods:One hundred thirty-seven patients clinically diagnosed with pyogenic meningitis were recruited from the year 2020 to 2021 from four referral level hospitals located in Ethiopia. Cerebrospinal fluid samples transported in Trans-isolate media (T-IM) was inoculated into blood and culture media plates. Colony morphology and biochemical tests were used for identifying the grown bacterial agents. Patient clinical, socio-demographic and laboratory data were entered into SPSS version 20. Analysis was done using Pearson chi-square test and Graph data set chart builder. Non-parametric test was used to analyze statistical significance of P value < 0.05. Results obtained:A total of seven out of 137 culture media plates have shown growths of colonies on chocolate and blood culture media. Five out of the seven isolates were drug resistant S. aureus while two isolates were Neisseria species which are not drug resistant. Conclusion: Use of self-administered antibiotics prior to hospital visitation may be the reason for culture negative results which are challenges for culture based diagnosis. Wider scope of such studies using sensitive diagnostic approaches such as PCR is recommended to analyze the magnitude of uncommon causes of BM. AMR is occurring even in uncommon BM etiologic agents. Further analysis should be made using PCR amplification of drug resistant genes to bring the issue to public health attention.
ESR2 polymorphisms on prostate cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chang Xueliang , Yang Zhan , Wang Hu , Wang Yaxuan , Li Jingdong , Han Zhenwei
Published: July 2022

Purpose
This meta-analysis was performed to address the association of two ESR2 gene polymorphisms (rs1256049 and rs4986938) with susceptibility to cancer.
Methods
Extensive literature retrieve for eligible candidate gene studies published before May 10, 2022 was conducted in the PubMed, Medline and Web of Science. The search strategy is as follows: (ESR2 OR ERβ OR ER beta OR estrogen receptor beta) AND (polymorphism OR mutation OR variation OR SNP OR genotype) AND (PCa OR PC OR prostate cancer). Potential sources of heterogeneity were sought out via trial sequential analysis, subgroup and sensitivity analysis.
Results
Overall, a total of 10 articles involving 18,064 cases and 19,556 controls for two polymorphisms of ESR2 gene were enrolled. In the stratified analysis of rs1256049, we found that Caucasians might be correlated with an increased risk of prostate cancer, while less susceptibility was found in Asians. We observed that rs4986938 was not associated with prostate cancer risk.
Conclusion
ESR2 rs1256049 polymorphism is associated with a higher risk of prostate cancer in Caucasian population and a lower risk of prostate cancer in Asian population.
Genomic and epigenomic re-categorization of congenital glioblastoma and desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma
Authors: Gilani Ahmed , Siddiq Zainab , Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK
Published: July 2022

The recently updated World Health Organization classification of Central Nervous System (CNS) tumors, 5th edition, (CNS5) reclassifies pediatric tumors according to their distinct molecular drivers, recognizing a new entity - infant-type hemispheric glioma (IHG). Defined by its unique epigenetic signature, and/or genomic fusions in ALK, ROS1, NTRK or MET gene, IHG subsumes many cases previously classified as congenital glioblastoma (cGBM). Histologic features of IHG are still poorly defined with known overlap with a clinic-radiologically similar entity- desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma / astrocytoma (DIG). We revisited our cohort of cGBMs and DIGs, now reclassifying them according to CNS5 and compared the clinical, radiologic and histologic features between the two. 3/6 cases of cGBM that underwent targeted NGS fusion mutation panel were positive for ALK fusions (involving MAP4, MZT2Bex2 and EML4 genes as fusion partners), and 1/6 showed GOPC:ROS1 fusion. Interestingly, GOPC:ROS1 fusion was also shared by 1/5 cases of histologically defined DIG. DNA methylation profiling using the Heidelberg classifier (v12.3) recategorized 2/5 DIG cases as IHG (including the case with ROS1 alteration). In conclusion, histology alone is insufficient to distinguish IHG from DIG, necessitating epigenomic and genomic testing for diagnosis of early-life gliomas.
Tree soil carbon, nitrogen and associated bacterial community compositions, stability, evenness and diversity are enhanced along an age gradient of planted Inga punctata trees.
Authors: Eaton William , Hamilton Debra A.
Published: July 2022

Aims
This study was designed to determine if planting the leguminous tree Inga punctata in formerly cleared former tropical premontane wet forests changed the Nitrogen (N)-fixer and Lignin Degrader community compositions resulting in increased accumulation of soil carbon (C) and N components.
Methods
Soils were collected from old growth (> 50 years old), 4, 8 and 11-year-old I. punctata trees, and assessed for differences in various soil C and N metrics, and the mean proportion of sequences (MPS, as “relative abundance” via 16S rRNA V3, V4 sequencing), composition, stability and evenness of the community of N-fixer and Lignin Degrader genera.
Results
The N-fixer MPS decreased, and Lignin Degraders increased, while evenness and stability of both increased along the tree soil age gradient. The Lignin Degrader MPS were positively correlated with TN, NO3−, TOC, and Biomass C, and negatively correlated with N-fixer MPS and soil NH4+. The N-fixer MPS were negatively correlated with TN, NO3−, TOC, Biomass C and Lignin Degrader MPS, and positively correlated with NH4+. Evenness, stability, and diversity increased for both groups along the tree soil age gradient.
Conclusions
This is the first evidence that I. punctata facilitates changes the tree soil N-fixer and Lignin Degrader communities over time by increasing the diversity, evenness and stability of both groups, and increases the accumulation of tree soil C and N. This suggests I. punctata facilitates soil recovery such that it can serve as C and N sinks, and support its future use in reforestation management strategy.
Enhancing image resolution of fluorescence microscopy with deep learning
Authors: Huang Boyi , Li Jia , Yao Bowen , Yang Zhigang , Lam Edmund Y. , Zhang Jia , Yan Wei , Qu Junle
Published: July 2022

Super-resolution optical imaging is crucial to the study of cellular processes. Current super-resolution fluorescence microscopy is restricted by the need of special fluorophores or sophisticated optical systems, or long acquisition and computational times. In this work, we present a deep-learning-based super-resolution technique of confocal microscopy. We devise a two-channel attention network (TCAN), which takes advantage of both spatial representations and frequency contents to learn a more precise mapping from low-resolution images to high-resolution ones. This scheme is robust against changes in the pixel size and the imaging setup, enabling the optimal model to generalize to different fluorescence microscopy modalities unseen in the training set. Our algorithm shows comparable or better performance in comparison with super-resolution method of stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy, which is validated on diverse biological structures and dual-color confocal images of actin-microtubules, where we can observe better image quality and higher resolution. Last but not least, we demonstrate live-cell super-resolution imaging by revealing the detailed structures and dynamic instability of microtubules.
A drug-like molecule engages a nuclear hormone receptor to regulate mitophagy and promote mitochondrial mediated lifespan extension
Authors: Chamoli Manish , Rane Anand , Chinta Shankar , Shahmirzadi Azar , Kumsta Caroline , Nambiar Dhanya , Hall David , Foulger Anna , Angeli Suzanne , Schmidt Minna , Pitteri Sharon , Hansen Malene , Lithgow Gordon , Andersen Julie
Published: July 2022

Autophagy-lysosomal function maintains healthy lifespan and ameliorates disease pathologies in diverse model organisms. An important master regulator of the autophagy-lysosomal pathway is an evolutionary conserved transcription factor EB (TFEB). Decline in TFEB expression or activity is linked to many age-related diseases. As a consequence, TFEB has emerged as an important therapeutic target of interest for these diverse disorders. To identify novel pharmacological inducers of HLH-30/TFEB transcription, we screened a natural product library in mammalian cells. We identified a novel benzocoumarin compound (MIC) that enhances HLH-30/TFEB expression and lysosomal function. MIC robustly increase the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans in an HLH-30/TFEB and mitophagy-dependent (dct-1/BNIP3) manner as well as prevents mitochondrial dysfunction in mammalian cells. Mechanistically, MIC acts by reducing binding of the nuclear hormone receptor, DAF-12/FXR, to its ligand in turn inducing HLH-30/TFEB and extending lifespan. A clinically relevant, structurally related mitophagy inducer, urolithin A, was found to also engage DAF-12/FXR signaling in a similar manner. In summary, we have identified DAF-12/FXR as a novel upstream regulator of HLH-30/TFEB, and identified a novel drug-like molecule that acts on DAF-12/FXR to enhance mitochondrial function and extend lifespan.
A Novel MWKF-LSTM Based Intrusion Detection System for the IoT-Cloud Platform with Efficient User Authentication and Data Encryption Models
Authors: P Krishna Kumar , Retnaswamy Bharathi
Published: July 2022

During the past decade, the Internet of Things (IoT) integrated Cloud (IoT-Cloud) has gotten a lot of attention. Security turns out to be an important issue in the IoT-Cloud scenario as millions of devices is connected via the internet. Developing an intrusion detection system (IDS) along with a prevention model to improve IoT-Cloud security, with considered delay, detection rate, as well as false-positive rate are the most important research problems. Here, a new deep learning (DL) model, Morlet Wavelet Kernel Function included Long Short Term Memory (MWKF-LSTM) classifier is proposed to recognize the intrusions in the IoT-Cloud environment. Initially, to maintain a user’s privacy in the network, the SHA-512 hashing mechanism incorporated blockchain authentication (SHABA) model is developed that checks the authenticity of every device/user in the network for data uploading in the cloud. After successful authentication, the data is transmitted to the cloud through various gateways. Then the IDS using MWKF-LSTM is implemented for identifying the type of intrusions present in the received IoT data. The MWKF-LSTM classifier comes up with the Differential Evaluation based Dragonfly Algorithm (DEDFA) optimal feature selection (FS) model for increasing the performance of the classification. After intrusion detection (ID), the non-attacked data is encrypted as well as stored in the cloud securely utilizing Enhanced Elliptical Curve Cryptography (E2CC) mechanism. Finally, in the data retrieval phase, the authentication of the user is again checked for ensuring user privacy and preventing the encrypted data in the cloud from intruders. To show the efficacy of the proposed research model, simulations are performed and the outcomes prove the superior performance of the presented approach over existing models.
A retrospective study of 92 patients with IgG4 related diseases
Authors: Sun Jie , Zhong Yanyan , Yu Hongyun , Xu Jing , Xie Jianye , Wen Dawei , Zhao Lei , Wang Kunyu , Wang Jibo
Published: July 2022

Background: To analyze the clinical characteristics of IgG4 related diseases (IgG4-RD), identify the most commonly used therapeutic drugs, and explore the potential tumor markers of IgG4-RD. Methods: 92 patients with IgG4 related diseases hospitalized in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2021 were selected as the research object through the Yidu cloud system. Their clinical data were summarized and analyzed to summarize the clinical characteristics of IgG4-RD.Results: The age of diagnosis of IgG4 related diseases in this group was 31-84 years old, and the average age of diagnosis was (58.098 ± 11.344) years old, including 65 males (70.65%) and 27 females (29.35%). The most frequently involved organs and tissues were lymph nodes (37 cases, accounting for 40.2%), pancreas (33 cases, accounting for 35.9%), and salivary glands (31 cases, accounting for 33.7%). In this group, 28 cases (30.4%) were involved in single organ tissue, 32 cases (34.8%) were involved in double organ and multiple organ, respectively. 91 patients were treated with hormone for IgG4 related diseases, and 71 patients were treated with immunosuppressive agents, of which 45 cases were treated with cyclophosphamide (63.38%). In this group, the proportion of IgG4 level greater than 40g / L in tumor patients (18.18%) was significantly higher than that in non tumor patients (1.23%) (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The incidence of IgG4 related diseases is more common in middle-aged and elderly men, and the patients with lymph node, salivary gland and pancreas are more common. About 2 / 3 of the patients are double organ and multi organ patients. The most common rheumatic complications in patients with IgG4-RD are primary biliary cirrhosis, rheumatoid arthritis and Sjogren's syndrome. The most common tumor in patients with IgG4-RD is malignant tumor of digestive system. IgG4 levels greater than 40g/l in patients with IgG4 related diseases may be a potential indicator for predicting IgG4-RD associated tumors.
Anatomical Study of Variations in the Branching Patterns of Neurovascular Pedicle of Latissimus Dorsi
Authors: Naik Kshitij , D’Souza Ashel Chelsea , Ranganath Priya , Parthasarathi Meenakshi
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Variations in the branching and position of the dominant pedicle of the Latissimus Dorsi (LD) muscle has been noted during dissection of the posterior aspect of the cadaver. Knowledge about the point of branching of the pedicle is highly valuable for the surgeon while performing various reconstructive surgeries.Aims and Objectives: To analyze and study the insertion and branching of the dominant neurovascular pedicle of LD.Material and Methods: A total 40 LD muscles were excised from the point of origin and retracted superior-laterally towards its insertion. The pedicle was then cleared of any unwanted fascia by strip dissection and the point of branching was identified with respect to the level of the inferior scapular angle (ISA) .Results: An anatomical variation was observed in the study of the branching of the neurovascular pedicle. Upon consideration via statistical calculations, the following levels of branching locations were noted. ~12.5% - 2.0 inch superior to level of ISA ~37.5% - 1.0 inch superior to level of ISA ~25.0% - 1.5 inch superior to level of ISA ~25.0% - 0.4 inch inferior to level of ISAThe first three types were considered as early branching whereas the last type was considered as late branching of LD.Conclusion: This study shows the variations in the branching in the pedicle of the LD at various points that were considered. This is hence of surgical importance that must be noted to prevent surgical vascular damage that may occur during procedures and also increase the methodology of pre-operative planning.
An Augmented Reality Maintenance Assistant with Real-time Quality Inspection on Handheld Mobile Devices
Authors: Frandsen James T , Tenny Joe , Frandsen Walter , Hovanski Yuri
Published: July 2022

With the advances of industry 4.0, augmented reality (AR) devices are being deployed across the manufacturing sector to enhance worker perception and efficiency. AR is often used to deliver spatially relevant work instructions on mobile devices for maintenance procedures on the factory floor. In these situations, workers use their mobile devices to view instructions in the form of 3D animations and annotations that directly overlay the equipment being maintained. Workers then follow the AR instructions and must ultimately rely on their own judgement and knowledge of the procedure as they progress from step to step. An AR assistant that could validate each stage of the procedure in real time and provide the worker with feedback on any observed errors would ensure that each maintenance procedure is completed successfully. This work presents a mobile, quality inspection system for AR maintenance procedures that is capable of assessing the maintenance task in real time. The system is designed for deployment on handheld mobile devices and can thus manage the challenges inherent to performing quality inspection with a non-fixed vision system. This work enumerates four essential qualities of mobile quality inspection tools and outlines some of the challenges encountered during the development of such a system. In the end, testing established that the system could provide adequate assistance for capturing inspection images, accurately process the captured images using machine vision, and generate detailed feedback from the quality inspection in a timely manner.
Seasonal Variation of Water quality and Heavy Metal Pollution Index of 5 Ponds of Raipur City, India
Authors: Dash Diptimayee , Mishra Hemanta Kumar , Pattanaik S K
Published: July 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Construction and Validation of a Metabolic-Related Genes Prognostic Model for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Based on Bioinformatics
Authors: Zhang Jingfei , Ma Chenxi , Qin Han , Wang Zhi , Zhu Chao , Liu Xiujuan , Hao Xiuyan , Liu Jinghua , Li Ling , Cai Zhen
Published: July 2022

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for a frequently-occurring head and neck cancer, which is characterized by high rates of morbidity and mortality. Metabolism-related genes (MRGs) show close association with OSCC development, metastasis and progression, so we constructed an MRGs-based OSCC prognosis model for evaluating OSCC prognostic outcome.Methods: This work obtained gene expression profile as well as the relevant clinical information from the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, determined the MRGs related to OSCC by difference analysis, screened the prognosis-related MRGs by performing univariate Cox analysis, and used such identified MRGs for constructing the OSCC prognosis prediction model through Lasso-Cox regression. Besides, we validated the model with the GSE41613 dataset based on Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.Results: The present work screened 317 differentially expressed MRGs from the database, identified 12 OSCC prognostic MRGs through univariate Cox regression, and then established a clinical prognostic model composed of 11 MRGs by LASSO Cox analysis. Based on the optimal risk score threshold, cases were classified as low- or high-risk group. As suggested by Kaplan–Meier (KM) analysis, survival rate was obviously different between the two groups in the TCGA training set (P < 0.001). According to subsequent univariate and multivariate Cox regression, risk score served as the factor to predict prognosis relative to additional clinical features (P < 0.001). Besides, area under ROC curve (AUC) values for patient survival at 1, 3 and 5 years were determined as 0.63, 0.70, and 0.76, separately, indicating that the prognostic model has good predictive accuracy. Then, we validated this clinical prognostic model using GSE41613. To enhance our model prediction accuracy, age, gender, risk score together with TNM stage were incorporated in a nomogram. As indicated by results of ROC curve and calibration curve analyses, the as-constructed nomogram had enhanced prediction accuracy compared with clinicopathological features alone, besides, combining clinicopathological characteristics with risk score contributed to predicting patient prognosis and guiding clinical decision-making.Conclusion: In this study, 11 MRGs prognostic models based on TCGA database showed superior predictive performance and had a certain clinical application prospect in guiding individualized.
Preliminary Study on Volumetric 3D Printing Using Visible Light
Authors: JAMES SAGIL , Zarate Joel
Published: July 2022

The realm of 3D printing has been a valuable aspect of manufacturing and mechanical engineering to which complex geometries have been made that might be otherwise highly costly or not feasible by other manufacturing methods. This is where volumetric 3D printing has been advantageous by generating complex geometry with no defects on the surface. The problem with the research done so far is the material used uses photoinitiators that photo-synthesize using ultraviolet (UV) light. The problem with this material is that it is attached to the destructive issues brought on by interacting with UV light, making some additives useless. To solve part of this problem, a solution to the material problem must be shown that a resin can be cured using visible light. This study has investigated the feasibility of novel manufacturing process termed, Visible Light Induced – Volumetric 3D Printing (VLI-V3DP) process, that resulted in successfully finding resin that can be cured using visible light in the 470 & 530 nm range. By curing simple geometry using visible light, one can formulate a resin that can sustain just about any additives that can meet any goal, whether it is organic or not.
High LRRC1 expression indicates poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Cai Qingshan , Wu Dongyang , Shen Yueling , Li Shudong , Liu Liyou , Liu Dong , Zheng Jianxing
Published: July 2022

Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the prognostic value of the leucine rich repeat containing 1 (LRRC1) gene in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to determine the effects of high and low LRRC1 expression on mutation and immune cell infiltration.Methods: We downloaded HCC mRNA-seq expression and clinical data from UCSC Xena. The expression of LRRC1 was compared between HCC tumor and normal samples. Tumor samples were divided according to high and low LRRC1 expression. Differentially expressed genes between the two groups were identified, and function, mutation, and immune cell infiltration were analyzed. Genes associated with immune cells were identified using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and transcription factors (TFs) of these genes were predicted.Results: The expression of LRRC1 was upregulated in HCC tissues, and this indicated a poor prognosis for patients with HCC. Differentially expressed genes between tumors with high and low LRRC1 expression were significantly enriched in pathways associated with cancer, amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and the immune system. We identified 15 differentially infiltrated immune cells between tumors with high and low LRRC1 expression and 14 of them correlated with LRRC1 gene expression. We also identified 83 genes that were associated with immune cells. Cyclic AMP-response element binding protein (CREB1) regulated ANXA5, MMP9, and LRRC1 in the TF regulatory network.Conclusion: The LRRC1 gene might serve as a potential immune-associated prognostic biomarker for HCC.
Effect of droplet transfer mode on composition homogeneity of twin-wire plasma arc additively manufactured titanium aluminide
Authors: Xin Jianwen , Wu Dongsheng , Chen Haiyao , Wang Lin , Zhou Wenlu , Wu Kanglong , Zhang Yuelong , Shen Chen , Hua Xueming , Li Fang
Published: July 2022

Twin-wire plasma arc additive manufacturing (TW-PAAM) is an innovative process for titanium aluminide manufacture which is low in equipment cost and high in efficiency. However, as an in-situ alloying process, the composition homogeneity is typically a source of concern. The present work investigates this subject by observing the element input mode at various welding wire positions with a high-speed camera system and particle tracking method. It is found that when the welding wires are in a high position, the droplet enters the molten pool from the tip of the titanium wire, and the alloy element input interval is long, resulting in the formation of bands with high aluminium content at the edge of the deposition layer. When the welding wires are close to the workpiece surface, the droplet transfer mode switches to a mixture of dual wire-bridge transfer and Ti wire-bridge transfer. The diameter and transfer interval of the droplets decrease, as well as the heterogeneity of the deposition layer. The conclusion establishes a correlation between droplet transfer mode and composition homogeneity, which is beneficial for optimizing the TW-PAAM titanium aluminide fabrication process.
A machine learning framework for Major depressive disorder (MDD) detection using non-invasive EEG signals
Authors: Bashir Nayab , NAREJO SANAM , Soomro bushra Naz , Ismail Fatima , Anjum Muhammad Rizwan , butt Aisha , Anwar sadia , Prasad Ramjee
Published: July 2022

According to World Health Organization (WHO) report, every 40 seconds a person attempts suicide globally. Depression, one of the world’s most prevailing diseases has become a reason behind these suicides. It is believed that early diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) can reduce the adversity of this heinous deformity. For few years various machine learning and advanced neurocomputing techniques are being utilized in Electroencephalogram (EEG) based detection of multiple neurological diseases. In the proposed study, an EEG based screening of MDD is presented while using various Machine Learning and one Deep Learning approach. The majority of previous EEG based MDD decoding research has concentrated on a limited features. It was necessary to conduct in-depth comparisons of different approaches, besides more detailed feature-based EEG analysis. This research starts with the creation of a complete feature-based framework, which is then further compared against the state of the art end to end techniques. The K-nearest neighbors (KNN) model outperformed the other models and gained an accuracy of 87.5%. While long short term memory (LSTM) model acquired an accuracy of 83.3%. This study can further support in clinical diagnosis of multiple stages of MDD and can attempt to provide an early intervention.
Estimation of distance distributions between Gd3+ radical pairs with a significant zero- field splitting from pulsed EPR DEER data
Authors: Misra Sushil K. , Salahi Hamid Reza
Published: July 2022

The numerical method, using full diagonalization of the spin-Hamiltonian matrix, to calculate DEER (Double Electron-Electron Resonance) signal, based on the double rotating-frames (DRF) technique, taking into account the zero-field splitting of the Gd3+ ion with spin S=7/2 is exploited here to calculate the kernel signals for the various distances, r, between two coupled Gd3+ radicals, distributed randomly in a biological system. These are then used to estimate the probabilities of the distance distribution, P(r), between the various Gd3+ radical pairs, separated by the distances, r. This is accomplished by using Tikhonov regularization, as implemented in the software DeerAnalysis [Jeschke et al. Appl. Magn. Reson., 30(3), pp.473-498 (2006)], but using the kernel signals calculated here by the DRF technique for different r values. This procedure is successfully illustrated by applying it to calculate the distance distribution probabilities, P(r) from the reported experimental four-pulse DEER data for a sample of Gd ruler 1_5 in D2O/glycerol-d_8 (i) at Q-band [Doll et al., J. Magn. Reson. 259, pp.153-162] and (ii) at W-band [Dalaloyan et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 17(28), pp.18464-18476 (2015)]. Significant differences in the distance-distribution probabilities are found between those calculated here using the DRF-calculated kernel signals for Gd3+ with spin 7/2 with significant ZFS from those calculated by the use of analytical kernel signals for spin-½ system without ZFS, using hard pulses.