bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Colouratives Functioning in Juridical Discourse (by the Material of the English Language)
Authors: Aleksandrova Tatyana Anatolyevna , Rudchenko Tatyana Lyvovna
Published: March 2021

The research objective is as follows: to reveal specificity of colouratives functioning in the English-language juridical discourse. The article identifies lexico-semantic peculiarities of compound legal terms with a colour naming component, taking into account linguistic and sociocultural aspects. The author clarifies special meanings of the terms under study in order to achieve their adequate translation from English into Russian. Scientific originality of the research lies in the fact that the author for the first time examines peculiarities of colouratives functioning in the English-language juridical discourse. The findings indicate prevalence of substantive adjective terms formed by metaphorical transfer. These terms are often translated by means of descriptive-explanatory translation.
Partisipasi pedagang sayur dalam pengelolaan sampah Pasar Tradisional Sanggeng di Kabupaten Manokwari
Authors: Soter Oktavian , Moeljono Soetjipto , Holle Yolanda
Published: March 2021

The focus of this research is to examine the participation of traders in market waste management to achieve environmental cleanliness. This is intended so that there is involvement of traders to participate responsibly both actively and passively to achieve environmental cleanliness. This study aims to (1) determine the participation of market vegetable traders in waste management, and (2) analyze the factors that influence the participation of vegetable traders in waste management. The research was conducted at Sanggeng Market as a vegetable trading center in Manokwari Regency. The method used in this research is a survey method with in-depth interview techniques and observation of 52 vegetable traders who trade vegetables at the market of Sanggeng in Manokwari Regency. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics used are competency tests and inferential statistics used are Spearman correlation analysis. The results of the study concluded, (1) the participation of vegetable traders shows that they are involved in all stages of waste management, namely the stages of collection, separation, transportation, recycling, and utilization, and (2) there is a correlation between age, education level, acceptance and trading experience.
Keragaman Morfologi dan Genetik Beberapa Aksesi Tanaman Sagu (Metroxylon Sagu Rottb.) Berdasarkan Penanda Molekuler Gen Mat-K
Authors: Wulandari Eka Fitri , Mawikere Nouke Lenda , Abbas Barahima
Published: March 2021

Sago palm (Metroxylon sago Rottb.) is one of the carbohydrate-producing crops that has great potential in supporting food security programs. This study aims to determine the morphological and genetic diversity based on the mat-K gene marker of 15 accessions of sago pal that have been collected by the Sago Research Consortium. This research was conducted by preparing plant samples, extracting DNA, amplifying DNA with a PCR tools, visualizing the results of DNA amplification, sequencing, editing DNA sequencing, and blasting. The results showed that the sago palm accessions collected by the UNIPA Sago Research Consortium were morphologically different in the Russet stages.  Based on the maturase K (mat-K) gene marker of 15 sago palm accessions were divided into two haplotypes, namely haplotype 1 which experienced deletion at base number 5 (amino acid phenylalanine) and haplotype 2 which did not experience deletion so it had phenylalanine amino acid. Phylogenetic analysis showed that 15 sago palm accessions were divided into 2 groups, namely group 1 and group 2. Sago palm were observed closely related to Metroxylon warburgii with genetic distance of 0.001.
Membangun Kepedulian Pada Sesama di Masa COVID-19
Authors: Salasiah Salasiah , Diana Diana , Fatah Maskan Abdul , Adriansyah Muhammad Ali
Published: March 2021

Pandemi Covid-19 yang terjadi pada tahun 2020 ini membawa dampak yang besar bagi negara-negara di dunia, salah satunya yaitu Indonesia. Masyarakat harus siap menghadapi perubahan aktivitas kegiatan sosial, penerapan normal baru serta ketidakpastian yang akan terjadi di kemudian hari. Banyaknya para pekerja yang kehilangan mata pencahariannya, membuat kita diminta untuk lebih peka terhadap lingkungan sekitar. Perlunya menanamkan sifat peduli pada sesama guna membantu orang lain dalam meringankan sebagian dari beban hidupnya. Melihat fenomena tersebut maka dilaksanakan kegiatan berbagi secara rutin kepada para jamaah setiap hari Jumat dan kepada warga Jalan Batu Besaung ketika bulan Ramadhan 2020. Hasil yang didapatkan yaitu mempererat hubungan silaturahmi antar pemberi dan penerima maupun meningkatkan kebahagiaan.
Teacher’s Academic Optimism dalam Menghadapi Proses Belajar Mengajar Daring Selama Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Rasyid Miranti , Rahmah Dian Dwi Nur , Permatasari Rini Fitriani
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh antara antara self-esteem dan persepsi gaya kepemimpinan dengan teacher’s academic optimism dalam menghadapi proses belajar mengajar daring selama masa pandemi COVID-19. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif, dengan jumlah subjek sebanyak 110. Data diperoleh melalui instrumen skala dengan jenis skala Likert pada ketiga variabel. Hasil uji coba skala menunjukan nilai Cronbach’s Alpha 0,8 kategori kuat. Hasil penelitian membuktikan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan (H1 diterima) antara variabel teacher’s academic optimism dengan self-esteem dengan nilai R2 sebesar 0.992, yang berarti variabel self-esteem memiliki hubungan korelasi sebesar 99.2% terhadap variabel teacher’s academic optimism. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan (H1 diterima) antara variabel teacher’s academic optimism dengan persepsi terhadap gaya kepemimpinan pemimpin dengan nilai R2 sebesar 0.975, yang berarti variabel persepsi terhadap gaya kepemimpinan pemimpin memiliki hubungan korelasi sebesar 97.5% terhadap variabel teacher’s academic optimism.
Meta Analisis Hubungan Antara Stres Kerja (Job Stress) dan Kepuasan Kerja (Job Satisfaction)
Authors: Hapsari Ika Nurfaustina
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara stres kerja (job stress) dan kepuasan kerja (job satisfaction) pada karyawan. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian meta analisis menggunakan 14 jurnal terakreditasi dalam kurun waktu 10 tahun terakhir, yaitu antara tahun 2007 hingga 2017. Subjek penelitian ini adalah karyawan serta suster yang berjumlah 5987 orang. Pengolahan data menggunakan software StatDirect versi 3.0 untuk mengetahui korelasi antara variabel stres kerja (job stress) dan kepuasan kerja (job satisfaction). Hasil yang diperoleh adalah terdapat hubungan yang tergolong kecil antara stres kerja (job stress) dan kepuasan kerja (job satisfaction) dengan nilai pooled correlation= -0.069 (95% CI = -0.279 to -0.147). Arah korelasi antar variabel adalah negatif, yang berarti semakin tinggi stres kerja yang dimiliki seseorang maka semakin rendah kepuasan kerjanya. Sebaliknya, semakin rendah stres kerja yang dimiliki seseorang, maka semakin tinggi kepuasan kerjanya.
Pengaruh Pelatihan Keterampilan Pengasuhan Terhadap Kepekaan dan Keterlibatan Orangtua Dengan Anak Prasekolah
Authors: Sandjaja Meilani
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara empiris apakah pelatihan keterampilan pengasuhan mempengaruhi peningkatan kepekaan dan keterlibatan orangtua anak prasekolah. Penelitian ini dilakukan di KB/TK X, Surabaya, dengan orangtua sebagai pesertanya. Jumlah peserta dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 5 orang. Peserta mengikuti pelatihan keterampilan pengasuhan sebanyak tujuh sesi, dengan durasi masing-masing sesi 60-120 menit. Tipe penelitian ini adalah penelitian pre-eksperimental, dengan menggunakan menggunakan one group pretest-posttest design. Alat pengumpul data berupa kuisioner, observasi, dan wawancara. Kuisioner yang digunakan berupa soal pilihan ganda untuk pre-test dan post-test. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik statistik Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, yaitu program SPSS 16. Dari analisis data yang dilakukan pada level pengetahuan dari hasil pre-test dan post-test diperoleh p sign sebesar 0,041. Pada level keterampilan (skill) dari hasil observasi sebelum dan setelah pelatihan, diperoleh p sign sebesar 0,038 untuk kepekaan dan 0,041 untuk keterlibatan orangtua. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data tersebut dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa terdapat pengaruh pelatihan keterampilan pengasuhan terhadap peningkatan kepekaan dan keteribatan orangtua dengan anak prasekolah.
Efektivitas Pelatihan Kebersyukuran dalam Meningkatkan Komitmen Afektif Karyawan
Authors: Sutanto Tri Himawan , Faraz Faraz , Budiharto Sus , Muhliansyah Muhliansyah
Published: March 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini ingin mengetahui pengaruh pelatihan kebersyukuran terhadap komitmen afektif karyawan. Hipotesis penelitian, menyatakan terdapat pengaruh pelatihan kebersyukuran terhadap komitmen afektif karyawan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain non randomized pretest-posttest control group, yaitu memberikan sebuah perlakuan dan melihat dampak yang diterima atas perlakuan tersebut. Komitmen afektif diukur dengan mengadaptasi Affective Commitment Scale (ACS Scale) yang disusun Allen and Mayer (1991). Kebersyukuran diukur menggunakan Psychological Measurement Islamic Gratitude (PMIG)  yang disusun Kurniawan, I. N., Romdhon, A., Akbar, P. L., & Endah, N. (2012). Berdasarkan analisis Mann Whitney U Test menghasilkan nilai Z = -1.974,  p=0.048, (p<0.05) menunjukan ada perbedaan skor komitmen afektif antara kelompok eksperimen yang diberi perlakuan dengan kelompok kontrol yang tidak diberi perlakuan. Artinya, karyawan yang bersyukur dengan pekerjaannya  berpengaruh positif pada  komitmen afektifnya.
Possible Causes of and Measures to Minimise Risks of Abscesses Following DTP Vaccination
Authors: Tereshkina N. V. , Snegireva I. I. , Darmostukova M. A.
Published: March 2021

Registration and analysis of adverse events following immunisation (AEFIs) allow for objective assessment and systematisation of AEFI causes, and promotion of vaccination safety. Development of abscesses after DTP vaccination is a fairly common AEFI, however, they are not included in the “Side effects” part of the patient information leaflet of the vaccine. The aim of the study was to analyse reasons for abscess development after DTP vaccination and to elaborate recommendations on enhancing the vaccine safety. The review of literature data, solicited reports on AEFIs, and AEFI investigation reports submitted to the Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products during 2014–2018 suggests that abscesses associated with DTP vaccination may be caused by the vaccine reactogenicity, quality defects arising during production or distribution, and vaccine administration errors by healthcare personnel. Lack of information in the documents submitted by medical institutions does not allow to rule out any of the identified reasons. The minimisation of risks of abscesses requires quality control of DTP vaccines, maintenance of the cold chain during transportation and storage, and compliance with aseptic regulations during administration. Additional pharmacovigilance measures will also help enhance vaccination safety: improvement and standardisation of data collection during investigation of abscess development in the post-vaccination period, obligatory inclusion of data on the thickness of children’s subcutaneous adipose tissue (weight, body mass index) and the length of the needle used for vaccination in AEFI investigation reports. It is advisable to add information on abscess risk in the “Side effects” part of the patient information leaflet of the DTP vaccine, and to update the “Dosage regimen and administration route” and “Precautions” parts in order to minimise the risk. Personnel of healthcare facilities performing vaccination should be made aware of the importance of providing detailed data on AEFIs for subsequent objective analysis.
Evaluation of biogas production from manure of hybrid and local breed cows fed with different types of feeding practices
Authors:   Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh, Haque Enamul , Ryndin Roman ,   Centre of Sustainable Environmental Sanitation, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), China, Mang Heinz-Peter ,   Centre of Sustainable Environmental Sanitation, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), China, Kabir Humayun ,   Department of Agricultural Economics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh, Rahman Mohummad Muklesur ,   Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh, Khasruzzaman A. K. M. ,   Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh, Uddin Mohammad Asir ,   Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh, Islam Alimul ,   Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
Published: March 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the biogas production from the manure of hybrid and local breed cows fed with different types of feeding practices. The feedstock and digestive composition were measured to determine their effects on biogas production. The batches were prepared form manure of hybrid and local breed cows fed with roughages and mixed ration (roughages and concentrate) adding Inoculum (I) and with a total weight of 200 g. Four experimental groups (T1, T2, T3 and T4) were set up using mixing ratios of CM: H2O: I (25: 25: 50). The digesters were set up at ambient temperature for 40 days of Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) using a water displacement method to monitor biogas production in the proto-type digesters. The biogas yield from the manure was found 250.90 Nml/g VS for T1, 176.50 Nml/g VS for T2, 208.25 Nml/g VS for T3 and 180.88 Nml/g VS for T4, respectively. The average CH4 and CO2 concentration (% vol.) in biogas were found 53% and 47% for T1, 55% and 45% for T2, 52% and 48% for T3, 53% and 47% for T4, respectively. The content of H2S was not found in this study. The study concluded that the overall biogas production was higher in the manure of hybrid cows fed with roughages. However, the biogas production was also higher in the manure of local breed cows fed with roughages than mixed ration. The results indicated that C, N, P, K and S values were relatively lower in this study. Keywords: Biogas, CH4, hybrid and local breed cows, prototype digester, HRT.
Leadership Styles Dimensions and Organizational Commitment Nexus: Evidence from a Public Sector in Nigeria
Authors:   Baze University, Nigeria, Jekelle Helen Elena
Published: March 2021

Scholarly works have shown that one of the outstanding factors of organizational commitment has been leadership, which relates to the style adopted by the leader and the impact it has on the commitment level of employees for performance. The aim of this research was to explore the effect of leadership styles on organizational commitment. Transformational, transactional, and laissez faire styles of leadership were examined. A cross-sectional survey of 151 employees at a public sector agency in Abuja, Nigeria, was conducted. The research employed a quantitative approach to the collection of data using questionnaire administration. All questionnaire items were assessed using the five-point Likert scale. Inferential statistics in research was carried out using multiple regression technique to substantiate the survey findings. Based on the Great man theory, Contingency theory and Behavioural theory, the study confirms that transformational, transactional and laissez faire leadership styles and organizational commitment were statistically associated. In terms of contribution to the model, the explanatory variables jointly contributed 68.2 percent in explaining organizational commitment. On individual contribution, transformational leadership style contributed the most, 58.6 percent to the model while transactional leadership style contributed 11.8 percent to the model and finally laissez-faire leadership style contributed 11.2 percent to organizational commitment in the study context. The study therefore recommends that AEA should use continuous transformational leadership style practices to sustain high employee commitment and organizational effectiveness. Also, AEA should apply a bit of both transactional and laissez faire leadership styles from time to time depending on the situation of things at the workplace as there is no particular leadership style that is one-size fit all but depends on situation at hand. One realistic implication that could be learned from this study is that in order to minimize employee turnover, managers need to implement affirmative strategies that will benefit the establishment.
Tissue hypoxia in Crohn’s disease in children: markers and coping methods
Authors: Fedulova E. N. , Shumilova O. V. , Shirokova N. Yu.
Published: March 2021

Objective: to identify markers of tissue hypoxia in Crohn’s disease in children: markers and methods for overcoming it.

Materials and methods: 27 children with Crohn’s disease (CD) aged from 1 year to 18 years were examined. Histological, histomorphometric and immunohistochemical analysis of biopsy samples of the colon mucosa.

Results: morphological markers of tissue hypoxia in CD were identified: the presence of predominantly immature fibroblasts, infiltration of the muscle plate by neutrophilic granulocytes, necrotizing vasculitis, the phenomenon of the grouping of inactive macrophages with each other with the formation of multinucleated cells, which are the precursors of multinucleated granules according to the Pigorov-Lanhans type

Conclusion: in identifying markers of tissue hypoxia, leading to a worsening prognosis of the course of CD and the development of complications, it is necessary to determine the tactics of accelerated “step-up” therapy using anticytokine drugs and use the method of hyperbaric oxygenation.
Obligation of ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs in newborns for the timely establishment of the diagnosis and reduction of postoperative mortality
Authors: Yanitskaya M. Yu. , Sapozhnikov V. G. , Poddubnyi I. V. , Shestakova E. V.
Published: March 2021

Surgical diseases of the abdominal cavity of the neonatal period manifest similar symptoms, but require a different treatment strategy. In most cases, when conducting special sonographic studies, there are signs of the cause of the symptoms.

Purpose: to create and estimate surgical tactics depending on the revealed sonographic signs of gastrointestinal pathology in newborns.

Methods: were examined sonographically 1557 newborns with symptoms of congenital intestinal obstruction (CIO), hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS), necrotizing enterocolitis, meconium obstruction, functional disorders (FD) of the GIT: vomiting, abdomen distention, absent meconium. The surgeon’s tactics were created depending on the revealed sonographic signs. Two groups of operated patients were compared: 1st (n = 55) used special ultrasound methods for initial assessment of the newborn, 2nd (n = 44) ultrasound was not performed. The groups the timeliness of diagnosis and postoperative lethality were estimated.

Results: in 86.0% of newborns, symptoms were associated with FD. All types of surgical pathology of the GIT had sonographic signs. According to the ultrasound, the next situations were identified: surgery without further investigations (volvulus, peritonitis); additional examinations are needed to clarify the diagnosis (CIO); additional investigations are not required (HPS, FD). In the 1st group, the diagnosis was significantly more often made in time, less lethality was observed than in patients of the 2nd group (p <0.001; p <0.026, respectively).

Conclusion: sonographic signs during the initial examination of a newborn with symptoms of acute diseases or congenital defects of GIT contribute to the timely diagnosis and allow to determine further tactics of investigation and treatment.
Increasing the reactivity of the body with medication and non-medication in pediatrics
Authors: Grigoriev K. I. , Kharitonova L. A. , Grigoriev A. I.
Published: March 2021

Stress and adjustment disorders are a significant reason for the exponential growth of most chronic noncommunicable diseases. The stress reaction is a genetically determined nonspecific adaptation mechanism, however, with an excessively intense and prolonged course, it becomes a factor in the pathogenesis of many somatic diseases, immunodeficiencies, the cause of a decrease in the threshold of resistance to infectious diseases. The presence of similar mechanisms of adaptation reactions and the development of increased meteosensitivity made it possible to distinguish the «adaptation-meteotropic syndrome». Various methods of treatment and prevention of adaptive disorders have been proposed, including medication and non-medication. Most of the provisions of the theory of the body’s reactivity have been dynamically developed and still have important practical applications.
Nutritional status of children with infantile cerebral palsy
Authors: Mavlyanova Z. F.
Published: March 2021

Purpose of the study.Reveal the typical disorders of nutritional status and identify characteristic disorders of the physical development of patients with cerebral palsy.

Materials and methods.The features of the nutritional status of 128 children with various forms of cerebral palsy and 20 healthy children aged 3 to 14 years were studied. Physical development was assessed using standard public anthropometric parameters: weight, height, measurement of the circumference of the upper and lower extremities, determination of the thickness of the skin-fat fold using an electronic caliper according to the Durnin-Womersly method, as well as the calculated indices of Rohrer, Pigne, Vervac.

Results.In children with cerebral palsy in compare with healthy children a decrease in the rate of increase in muscle mass, the absence of significant changes in the severity of subcutaneous fatty tissue and various variants of disharmonious types of development with characteristic anthropometric features were determined (85.9% in the main group versus 5% in the control group; Р <0.001). The most prominent disorders of the nutritional status were observed in patients with double hemiplegia and hyperkinetic form of cerebral palsy and were significant in relation to patients with hemiparetic, atonic-astatic forms and spastic diplegia (P <0.05–0.001)
Glazbene preferencije učenika prema durskim i molskim skladbama
Authors: Petrušić Daniela , Brkan Lidija
Published: March 2021

Cilj ovoga istraživanja bio je ispitati učeničke preferencije klasične glazbe, učeničke preferencije klasične glazbe u duru i u molu te utjecaj poznatosti na učeničke preferencije klasične glazbe. Istraživanje je provedeno u veljači 2019. godine. U okviru istraživanja primijenjen je upitnik općih podataka te skala procjene za ispitivanje preferencija glazbenih ulomaka na uzorku od 250 učenika drugih, trećih, sedmih i osmih razreda osnovne škole. Rezultati potvrđuju da su dob i spol značajni prediktori preferencija klasične glazbe. Djevojčice u odnosu na dječake te mlađi učenici u odnosu na starije učenike preferiraju klasičnu glazbu. Dobiveni rezultati ukazuju na to da učenici preferiraju klasičnu glazbu u molu, nego u duru. Konačno, poznavanje glazbe pokazalo se značajnim faktorom koji utječe na glazbene preferencije učenika, što je u skladu s brojnim dosadašnjim istraživanjima.
The Church as the new Family of God
Authors: Rabczyński Paweł
Published: March 2021

Jesus founded His Church as the new family of God by instituting the Twelve. The new family is a real space which fulfils the Kingdom of God. It is a community of Jesus’ disciples which fosters the rule of God in the world and has an explicitly institutional dimension. The founding of the new family fulfils the promise to create the new Israel made in the Old Testament. The ethos of the new family of God is aimed at proclaiming the universal reign of God, as it is the mission bestowed on the family by Jesus. Its moral principles were laid out in the Sermon on the Mount. The new family of God is a space where all the promises made by God to Israel come to fulfilment. In this sense, we can speak of continuity between the nation of Israel and the Ecclesia. The Church does not replace the people of the Old Testament but is a continuation thereof in Jesus Christ.
Konsep Ekonomi Pada Masa Rasulullah
Authors: Wahyuni Rizky
Published: March 2021

Artikel ini membahas mengenai konsep Ekonomi Pada Masa Rasulullah
Wisdom and organizational citizenship behavior: An empirical research
Authors: Beri Vanshika , Singla Simran
Published: March 2021

Exploratory research was done to compare people with different levels of wisdom (& its components) on OCB. An online survey gathered data from two twenty-five private-sector HR employees from Delhi-NCR. The analysis was done using SPSS 20. It was found out that there is a significant difference in people with high and low levels of experience, emotional regulation, humor, reflectivity, and openness with respect to the OCB. Overall wisdom does seem to interact with OCB, but no such interaction was found with respect to gender and OCB. There was no significant interaction between gender and wisdom with respect to OCB. Finally, all the dimensions of wisdom and the overall level of wisdom had a significant positive relation with OCB in both females and males.
KONSEP PEMIKIRAN EKONOMI PADA MASA RASULULLAH SAW
Authors: Fildayanti Devita Ayu
Published: March 2021

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsep perekonomian Islam pada masa Rasulullah SAW dan kebijakannya
CLASSROOM ACTION MANAGEMENT RELATIONSHIP TOWARD INDONESIAN LEARNING OUTCOMES
Authors: Uniqbu
Published: March 2021

Improving the quality of education will be achieved if the teaching and learning process by the teacher held in the classroom is truly effective and useful for achieving the expected knowledge, attitudes, and skills. Because basically, the teaching and learning process is the core of the overall education process, while the teaching and learning process is carried out in many formal activities in the classroom where the teacher is one of the important factors in determining the success of the teaching and learning process in the classroom. Therefore teachers are required to be able to improve their roles and competencies, competent teachers will be more able to create an effective learning environment and will be more capable of Classroom Action Management so that student learning outcomes are at an optimal level. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of classroom action management on Indonesian learning outcomes, the subject of story listening skills in SD Negeri 1 Kaobula. The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive which is used as a research design that clearly and clearly describes the research variables in the form of numbers and statistics. The population of this research is the fifth-grade students of SD Negeri 1 Kaobula which consists of 24 students. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that the influence between the X variable (classroom action management) and the Y variable (Civics learning outcomes) has a strong influence between the two variables. If we look at the amount of oxy obtained, namely: 0, 620 it turns out to be between 0.40. 0.60. It can be stated that the correlation between variable X and variable Y is a relatively strong influence. Thus, the authors can simply give an interpretation of the oxy, namely that there is a significant positive effect between variable X and variable Y.
The membership relation
Authors: Lobo Matheus Pereira
Published: March 2021

The MEMBERSHIP RELATION and its underlying definitions are presented in this white paper (knowledge base).
TSNAXIP1 is differentially expressed in metastasis to lymph nodes in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: March 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). Between the brain and the breast resides the secondary lymphoid organ, the lymph nodes. We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with metastasis to the lymph nodes in human breast cancer. We found that translin associated factor X interacting protein 1, encoded by TSNAXIP1, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the lymph nodes metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast4. TSNAXIP1 was also differentially expressed in the tumor cells of patients with triple negative breast cancer5. TSNAXIP1 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in lymph node metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of TSNAXIP1 in primary tumors was significantly correlated with patient overall survival, in lymph node positive patients but in lymph node negative patients. Modulation of TSNAXIP1 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the lymph node and to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Semantic and episodic processes differently predict false memories in the DRM task
Authors: Gatti Daniele , Rinaldi Luca , Mazzoni Giuliana , Vecchi Tomaso
Published: March 2021

There is a fervent debate about the processes underpinning false memories formation. Seminal theories have suggested that semantic memory would be involved in false memories production, while episodic memory would counter their formation. Yet, direct evidence corroborating such view is still missing. Here, we tested this possibility by asking participants to perform the Deese–Roediger–McDermott (DRM) task, a typical false memory paradigm, in which they had to study lists of words and subsequently to recognize and distinguish them from new words (i.e., the false memory items). The same participants were also required to perform a semantic task and an episodic-source memory task. Our results showed that a higher number of false memories in the DRM task occurred for those participants with better semantic memory abilities, while a lower number of false memories occurred for participants with better episodic abilities. These findings support a key role of semantic processes in false memory formation and, more generally, help clarify the specific contribution of different memory systems to false recognitions.
No Effect of Nature Representations on State Anxiety, Actual and Perceived Noise
Authors: Korbmacher Max , Wright Lynn
Published: March 2021

Previous research indicates that nature and nature representations might have positive effects and noise negative effects on various facets of life, such as performance, perceived life quality, physical and mental health. In this intervention, we observed whether posters showing forests can be used to reduce actual noise, perceived noise, and state anxiety in university library users. Measurements were taken twice daily for a 5-day period pre-intervention and again during the intervention, when posters were installed. No significant differences were found for perceived or actual noise levels and state anxiety between pre-intervention and intervention phase. Correlations between actual and perceived noise, and actual noise and state anxiety were inconclusive. Finally, regression models with actual and perceived (overall and talking) noise and study phase as predictors delivered mixed results only explaining a small portion of the variance of state anxiety. The absence of an observed effect of nature representations on state anxiety, as well as actual and perceived noise is discussed.
Common measures or common metrics? A plea to harmonize measurement results
Authors: Fried Eiko I , Böhnke Jan R. , de Beurs Edwin
Published: March 2021

Objective: There is a great variety of measurement instruments to assess similar constructs in clinical research and practice. This complicates the interpretation of test results and hampers the implementation of measurement-based care. Method: For reporting and discussing test results with patients, we suggest converting test results into universally applicable common metrics. Two well-established metrics are reviewed: T-scores and percentile ranks. Their calculation is explained, their merits and drawbacks are discussed, and recommendations for the most convenient reference group are provided. Results: We propose to (i) express test results as T-scores with the general population as reference group and (ii) supplement these with percentile ranks, based on data from clinical and population samples. The practical benefits are demonstrated using the published data of four frequently used instruments for measuring depression: the CES-D, PHQ-9, BDI-II, and the PROMIS depression measure. Discussion: Recent initiatives have proposed to mandate a limited set of outcome measures to harmonize clinical measurement. However, the selected instruments are not without flaws and, potentially, this directive may hamper future instrument development. We recommend to use common metrics as an alternative approach to harmonize test results in clinical practice, as this will facilitate the integration of measures in day-to-day practice.
Daily experiences of hangover severity and food consumption in young adults
Authors: Morley Kirsten , Logge Warren , Riordan Benjamin , Brannon Sean , Haber Paul , Conner Tamlin
Published: March 2021

AimsOur aim was to determine whether alcohol hangover is associated with eating unhealthy foods (hot chips, soft drink) or healthy foods (fruit, vegetables). DesignDaily diary study across 13 days (micro-longitudinal design)SettingA sample of young adults completed daily diaries in the university community. Participants605 young adults (71% women; ages 17 to 25; mean age 19.91 [SD 1.86] years) who reported drinking alcohol at least twice during the 13-day study period.MeasurementsEach day, participants reported on their hangover severity, their consumption of fruit, vegetables, hot chips (French fries), and soft drink, and their alcohol consumption from the previous day. Linear mixed models were used to examine within‐person associations between hangover severity and food consumption, by gender. Exploratory models also controlled for previous day alcohol consumption to acknowledge potential variability in hangover susceptibility. FindingsOn days when participants reported higher severity of hangovers, they reported consuming more hot chips (β = 0.09, p = 0.001), more soft drink (β = 0.08, p = 0.001) and less fruit (β = -0.06, p = 0.05). In our exploratory model controlling for previous day alcohol consumption, the predictive effect of hangover severity on hot chips (β = 0.08, p = 0.009) remained and significant interaction effects were observed between gender and previous day alcohol consumption on fruit (β = -0.03, p = 0.003) and vegetable (β = -0.03, p = 0.03) servings. ConclusionHigher hangover severity may lead to greater intake of some unhealthy foods such as hot chips. Higher alcohol consumption was significantly associated with decreased fruit and vegetable intake the following day for women but not for men. The association between high alcohol intake and poor eating is of concern and merits exploration in other settings.
Aha! under pressure: Is the Aha! experience constrained by cognitive load
Authors: Stuyck Hans , Cleeremans Axel , Van den Bussche Eva
Published: March 2021

The Aha! moment‒ the sudden insight sometimes reached when solving a vexing problem‒ entails a different problem-solving experience than solution retrieval reached by an analytical, multistep strategy (i.e., non-insight). To date, the (un)conscious nature of insight remains debated. We addressed this by studying insight under cognitive load. If insight and non-insight problem solving rely on conscious, effortful processes, they should both be influenced by a concurrent cognitive load. However, if unconscious processes characterize insight, cognitive load might not affect it at all. Using a dual-task paradigm, young, healthy adults (N = 106) solved 70 word puzzles under different cognitive loads. We confirmed that insight solutions were more often correct and received higher solution confidence. Importantly, as cognitive load increased, non-insight solutions became less frequent and required more solution time, whereas insightful ones remained mostly unaffected. This implies that insight problem solving did not compete for limited cognitive resources.
A Bayesian networks approach to infer social changes in burials in northeastern Taiwan during the European colonization period
Authors: Wang Li-Ying , Marwick Ben
Published: March 2021

Burials provide valuable information to study social structures based on the assumption that burials and associated grave goods can represent social roles and relations in a society. To study social relationships, network analysis has been increasingly applied to archaeological data to infer interactions and relationships between entities. Statistical approaches to network analysis, such as exponential random graph models (ERGMs), provide a way to test hypotheses about dynamic processes of network formation. However, computational difficulties and sensitivity to uncertainties limit the application of ERGMs. In this paper, we introduce a Bayesian framework on ERGMs that enables an efficient computational process, effective quantification of uncertainty, and robust model evaluation of network properties. We tested a hypothesis of social change relative to the arrival of Europeans by studying burial data from Kiwulan, an Iron Age site in northeastern Taiwan. The results indicate a transition among the burials from network ties based on ritual objects to wealth objects, and a more centralized structure with increased social differentiation after the European presence was established in the 17th century. Our case study demonstrates the effectiveness of Bayesian network analysis for archaeological data, and expands the use of burials in understanding the impacts of colonial presence on Indigenous groups in a pericolonial context.
Ruinous Competition in News, the Postal Internet, and the Three Laws of Techno- Legal Change
Authors: Woodcock Ramsi
Published: March 2021

------>Policymakers’ current approach to the problem of online misinformation, which revolves around defining the circumstances under which content platforms like Twitter and Facebook may be held liable for the speech of their users, fails to get at the root cause of the problem: the low cost of communication. The theory of monopolistic competition teaches that businesses respond to low-cost entry into their markets, and the cutthroat competition it creates, by differentiating their products, sometimes in legitimate ways, but sometimes through deceit. Misinformation on the Internet has the same source: speakers using deceit to compete for attention in a highly competitive speech market. The solution, as in all cases of ruinous competition, is to replace the falling technological barriers to market entry that have given rise to the excessive competition with new legal barriers to entry.------>The way to create legal barriers to online speech is not to license speech, an approach that would violate the First Amendment, but rather to treat the Internet like a brick-and-mortar postal system. In the United States, the Postal Service enjoys a “letter-box monopoly:” the exclusive right to place mail in mailboxes. This exclusivity gives the Postal Service the power to charge a price—postage—for each communication delivered to an American mailbox. The U.S. Congress—or the Postal Service itself through reinterpretation of existing law—should give the Postal Service a letter-box monopoly on social media posting: the exclusive right to charge a fee for every Tweet, Facebook post, or other social media missive delivered in America. That would greatly increase the cost of being heard on the Internet, for as the number of a poster’s followers increases, the total cost of social media “postage” would increase as well, reducing competition and the incentive to misinform. Because the letter-box monopoly has survived constitutional scrutiny for two centuries, this approach would necessarily survive First Amendment scrutiny as well.
Optic Chiasm Width in Normal-Tension and High-Tension Glaucoma
Authors: Lešták Ján , Kynčl Martin , Fůs Martin , Marešová Klára
Published: March 2021

Purpose: The aim of our study was to find out whether in patients with hypertensive glaucoma (HTG) and normotensive glaucoma (NTG), there is a change in the size of the chiasm depending on the changes in the visual field. Therefore, we retrospectively measured the width of the chiasm in the patients to whom we measured the size of the corpus geniculatum laterale in 2013.

Materials and methods: The group consisted of two groups of patients. Nine with hypertensive glaucoma (HTG) and nine with normotensive glaucoma (NTG). The diagnosis was based on a complex ophthalmological examination and in NTG and electrophysiological examination. The visual field was examined by a rapid threshold program on the Medmont M700. The sum of the sensitivity from both visual fields in the range of 0-22 degrees was compared with the width of the chiasm obtained by the magnetic resonance imaging using the eight channel head coil. The measured values of all subjects were analyzed using a paired t-test and a correlation coefficient.

Results: We found a reduction in the chiasma width in both glaucoma groups. We found a statistically significant difference in the size of the chiasm (p = 0.0003) between the control group and the HTG group (p = 0.001). The narrowing of the chiasm showed a slight correlation in HTG with changes in the field of vision (r = 0.139) and in NTG a moderate correlation (r = 0.375).

Conclusion: We found a reduction in the size of the chiasm in both HTG and NTG. The sum of sensitivities in the central parts of the visual field, however, more correlated with the reduction in the size of the chiasm in NTG. This finding shows that there are two different diagnostic groups.
MİTOLOJİK, KÜLTSEL VE İKONOGRAFİK AÇIDAN ANTİK ÇAĞ’DA KHARİTLER
Authors: GÜNDOĞDU Serdal , KOÇHAN Nurettin , TERCANLIOĞLU Ahmet
Published: March 2021

Bu çalışmada Türkçeye “Üç güzeller” diye aktarılan tanrıçalar, yani ismi ‘Χαρις‘ sözcüğünün çoğulu olan ‘Χαριτες‘ den türetilen “Kharitler” incelenmiştir. Latince Gratia denen üç güzellerin kelime anlamı zarafet, çekicilik, şefkat ve lütuftur. Genel olarak, Aglaia, Thalia, Euphrosyne olarak adlandırılan Kharitlerin, Zeus ve Euryomene’nin kızları olduğu düşünülür. Kharitler sayesinde insanlar, ahlaki ilkeleri, bağışlama ve cömertliği öğrenmişlerdir. İnsanlara, şiir ve müzikte esin kaynağı olmuş ve onların kaderlerini belirlemede önemli rol üstlenmişlerdir. Kharitler, bereketi, doğurganlığı, güzelliği ve ilkbaharı temsil etmelerinin yanı sıra yer altı dünyasıyla bağlantılı birçok fonksiyonları olan tanrıçalardır. Antik çağ toplumlarında önemli bir yere sahip olan Kharitler’in adına söylenmiş mitleri, insanlarca saygı gördükleri kült anlayışları ve tapınım şekilleri ve toplum üzerindeki algılanış şekilleri değerlendirilmiştir.
Contribuição do exame ultrassonográfico como auxílio diagnóstico de leiomioma intestinal em cão: Relato de caso
Authors: SANTOS DANIELA CARVALHO RIBEIRO LOUREIRO , Gonçales Luís Augusto Macedo , Podestá Valéria , Henrique Daniela Loureiro , Capitani Pietra Bento De
Published: March 2021

Obstructive diseases, inflammatory and neoplastic parasitic frames are among the diseases that affect the gastrointestinal small animals, but only clinical signs are often insufficient and subjective and can’t differentiate contribute to inflammatory bowel lesions of intestinal tumors, and the ultrasonographic mode more efficient and less invasive diagnosis for detection of gastrointestinal tumors in dogs and cats. In addition, ultrasound can facilitate biopsy of the affected segment can also be performed by gastroduodenoscopy or occasionally by laparotomy for the definitive diagnosis. The objective of this report is to describe a case of duodenal leiomyoma in a patient's canine species, in addition to stress the important contribution of ultrasonography to aid diagnosis of neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract in small animals.
Carcinoma renal bem diferenciado, padrão papilar em cão: Relato de caso
Authors: Moreira Dourado Beatriz
Published: March 2021

Renal carcinoma (CR) is a malignant neoplasm originating from the renal tubular epithelium. This type of cancer is rare and usually affects middle-aged male dogs. Clinical signs are nonspecific and may resemble other diseases and this makes the diagnosis made by imaging (ultrasound and X-ray), exploratory and histopathological laparotomy for confirmation. Nephrectomy is suggested for treatment in cases of unilateral renal carcinoma and chemotherapy but does not show an increase in patient survival. This paper aims to report the case of an 8-year-old dog who was treated due to signs of heart disease and on return presented signs such as emesis, anorexia, and abdominal pain. Ultrasound examination was performed, where a 7 cm structure was identified on the left side, X-ray examination, and subsequent exploratory laparotomy followed by nephrectomy. The material collected and sent for histopathology confirmed well-differentiated renal carcinoma, papillary pattern. After diagnosis, the patient was referred to a veterinary oncology specialist who, according to the results of the tests performed again, chose not to enter the chemotherapy treatment.
Linfoma multicêntrico em Shitzu jovem: Relato de caso
Authors: Silva Sabrina
Published: March 2021

Lymphoma or lymphosarcoma is a hematopoietic neoplasm of high prevalence in canines that presents different characteristics and classifications, with racial and genetic predisposition, with multicentric lymphoma being the most affected. The objective of this study was to report a case of lymphoid neoplasia that occurred, where the patient is still free of disease, surpassing the statistics. The diagnostic suspicion of neoplasia was confirmed by cytology and in the treatment medications such as Vincristine, Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin and Prednisone were used.
Estrongilídeos de ruminantes: Revisão
Authors: Mazzinghy Cristiane , Costa do Nascimento Francilara , Lopes Mazzinghy Cristiane , Augusto Motta Guilherme , Silva Santos Josemara , Loraine Pinto Mildre , De Sousa Almeida Katyane
Published: March 2021

The Brazilian livestock is constantly developing; however, it still faces big issues with parasites, lowering cattle performance and consequently causing economic loss. Strongylides are parasites commonly observed in the gastrointestinal tract of these animals and cause damage such as growth retardation and decreased performance, and this becomes even more evident when we refer to small ruminants. Knowing the importance of these gastrointestinal parasites, this review aims to discuss aspects related to strongyloid parasites in ruminants as well as control strategies.
Joint analysis of selected GRACE monthly spherical harmonic solutions and monthly MASCON solutions
Authors: NOVÁK Adam , JANÁK Juraj , KOREKÁČOVÁ Barbora
Published: March 2021

Study presented in this paper is focused on comparison and statistical assessment of differences between the selected Level 2 products of the satellite mission Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE). Global monthly gravity field models in terms of spherical harmonic coefficients produced by three institutes of GRACE Science Data System are compared with the partially independent MASCON global gravity field model. Detailed comparison and statistical analysis of differences is performed in 5 selected river basins: Amazon, Congo, Danube, Yenisei and Lena. For each spherical harmonic solution, 8 different filtrations available at International Center for Global Gravity Field Models (ICGEM) are tested over the time span from April 2002 to July 2016. Fischer test at two significance levels 10% and 5% has been performed in order to qualify the statistical significance between the particular solutions.