bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Basic and Lectin Histochemical Characterization of Bovine Gustatory (von Ebner's) Glands
Authors: Pedini V. , Gargiulo A. M. , Ceccarelli P.
Published: June 2007

The Bovine tongue possesses numerous circumvallate papillae (8–16) each side). The troughs around the papillae are the openings of the ducts of the gustatory (von Ebner's) glands.

In this study, we have characterized in situ the glycosidic composition of the secretion of bovine gustatory glands using traditional histochemical methods and lectin histochemistry with and without prior neuraminidase (sialidase) digestion. The lectin‐horseradish peroxidase conjugates employed were: PNA, DBA, SBA, WGA, LTA, UEA I and ConA.

Acinar cells show a diffuse positivity towards PAS and Alcian blue at pH 2.5 and the most intense and homogeneous lectin staining was obtained with PNA. This indicates that bovine gustatory glands secrete glycoproteins with 1,2‐glycol containing hexoses and carboxyl‐rich glycoconjugates and that galactosyl (β1 → 3) Nacetylgalactosamine is the most frequent sugar residue present in these glycoproteins.

Results were compared with data reported in the literature on the same glands of other species.
Gross Anatomy of the Portal Vein and its Tributaries in the Opossum (Didelphis albiventris)
Authors: Fragoso Neto R. A. , Seullner G. , Campos V. J. M.
Published: June 2007

The gross anatomy of the portal vein (V. portae) and its tributaries was studied through anatomical methods, i.e. dissection, corrosion and diaphanization, in 45 opossums (Didelphis albiventris). In all animals the portal vein was formed by the junction of the cranial mesenteric, caudal mesenteric and lienal veins (V. mesenterica cranialis, V. mesenterica caudalis and V. lienalis, respectively). Many collateral tributaries were observed running into the portal venous trunk.
Observations on the Fine Structure of the Liver in the Camel (Camelus dromedarius)
Authors: Lalla S. , Drommer W.
Published: June 2007

The structure of macroscopically inconspicuous livers in 23 adult camels (Camelus dromedarius) was studied by light and transmission electron microscopy. A well‐developed connective tissue characterizes the camel liver. Thick trabeculae divide the liver parenchyma into lobules. Portal tracts and central veins are surrounded by a variable amount of fibrous tissue. In the perisinusoidal space (DISSE), collagen fibres form a dense three‐dimensional network around the sinusoids. A mild to moderate fatty infiltration is present in hepatocytes of all animals. In the epithelial cells of the bile ducts, small to medium sized lipid inclusions are a common feature.

The ultrastructure of hepatocytes in the camel liver corresponds to that of other domestic mammalian species. The endothelial cells lining the sinusoids show a multiple fenestration and are surrounded by a discontinuous basal lamina. Fat‐storing cells are numerous and contain lipid droplets varying in size, number and electron density from one cell to another.
Ultrastructural Study on the Stomach of Tilapia spp (Teleostei)
Authors: Gargiulo A. M. , Ceccarelli P. , Dall'aglio C. , Pedini V.
Published: June 2007

An ultrastructural study has been made of gastric mucosa of a teleostean fish, Tilapia spp. The cytological features of the surface mucous cells, mucous neck cells, glandular cells and endocrine cells are described. The surface mucous cells, identified by their superficial localization, are characterized by apical granules. The mucous neck cells are distinguished by the appearance of their mucous granules and their localization between surface mucous cells and glandular cells. The gastric glands contain only one form of cell whose fine structure is similar to cells that secrete hydrochloric acid.

Physiological implications of some ultrastructural features are also discussed.
Nomenclature, Filling and Angioarchitecture of Lymph Vessels in Organs. Scanning Electron Microscopy of the Stomach of the Turtle Pseudemys scripta elegans using Different Injection Methods
Authors: Berens D. , Rautenfeld V. , Lüdemann W. , Hunneshagen C.
Published: June 2007

The gastric lymph vessel network of Pseudemys scripta elegans shows all the characteristics of initial lymphatics. A differentiation of initial lymphatics in lymphatic capillaries and pre‐collectors is not possible in the turtle. The scanning electron microscopic examination shows that ultrastructural analysis of initial lymphatics is possible after manual subserous injection of glutaraldehyde or application with the vacuum chamber. In the stomach of the turtle all characteristics of initial lymphatics (interendothelial openings, subendothelial filaments, connective tissue trabeculae and endothelial bridges) could be demonstrated. Only valves were absent. The situation is similar in mammals including man. The most important filling phenomenon is a horizontal spreading of fluid in the lymphatics.
The Post‐larval Development of Lateral Musculature in Gilthead Sea Bream Sparus aurata (L.) and Sea Bass Dicentrarchus labrax (L.)
Authors: Ramírez‐Zarzosa G. , Gil F. , Vázquez J. M. , Arencibia A. , Latorre R. , López‐Albors O. , Ortega A. , Moreno F.
Published: June 2007

Fibre‐type differentiation of lateral musculature has been studied in gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata (L.) and sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax (L.) during post‐larval development using ultrastructural, histochemical and morphometric techniques. The study showed three muscle layers: red, intermediate (or pink) and white. Initially, most of the red muscle showed low myosin ATPase (m‐ATPase) activity fibres, whereas near the transverse septum some small high m‐ATPase activity fibres appeared and later acquired a rosette aspect. Afterwards, during adult growth the red muscle showed a histochemical mosaic appearance. The pink muscle in sea bass was observed at the beginning of juvenile development by the oxidative technique (NADH‐RT reaction) whereas in gilthead sea bream it was also observed at the end of larval development. The pink layer consists of high m‐ATPase activity fibres. However, along the muscle development other low and moderate m‐ATPase activity fibres were observed close to the red and white muscles, respectively. The white muscle of juvenile fish showed a histochemical mosaic appearance near the pink muscle. In adult specimens the mosaic white muscle spread out occupying the whole of the myotome. Morphometric analysis shows a significant increase in mean fibre diameter during post‐larval development, as shown by the Student's t‐test (hypertrophic growth). Skewness and kurtosis values of fibre diameters point to the generation of a new fibres from the myosatellite cells (hyperplastic growth).
Production and Immunohistochemical Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies Against Ovarian Antigen of the Common Tree Shrew (Tupaia glis)
Authors: Kimura J. , Mukawa H. , Endo H. , Rerkamnuaychoke W. , Kurohmaru M. , Yamada J. , Tsukise A. , Nishida T.
Published: June 2007

To study the ovarian function of the common tree shrew (Tupaia glis), monoclonal antibodies (MAb) against its ovarian antigen were produced. Several positive hybridomas were cloned and MAb‐T2C9 (IgG) was examined for reactivity. Strong immunoreactivity of MAb‐T2C9 was localized within the cytoplasm of luteal cells and in the theca interna cells of Graafian follicles. MAb‐T2C9 reacted also with testicular interstitial cells and adrenocortical cells, except those of the zona glomerulosa. Similar reactions were seen in the goat and sheep. Western blotting analysis of the ovine corpus luteum after reaction with MAb‐T2C9 revealed a single positive band of ≅60kDa. These findings suggest that MAb‐T2C9 recognized protein molecules related to steroid synthesis.
Morphometrical Features of the Corneal Epithelium in Mammals
Authors: Merindano M. D. , Canals M. , Potau J. M. , Costa J. , Ruano D.
Published: June 2007

The study has been conducted on 40 species of mammals included in different taxonomic orders: 10 carnivores (felines and canides), 13 primates and 17 herbivores (artiodactyles, perisodactyles and proboscideans). Domestic, experimental and wild animals have been included in the sample.

The purpose of the study is to offer new data regarding morphometric aspects of the epithelium of the cornea of mammals. We also aim to establish the relationships and differences between the different epithelia studied and to determine the morphometric characteristics which best define the epithelium of the different species under study.

The results obtained have demonstrated the existence of correlations between thicknesses, number of cellular layers and number of the epithelial cells in the different groups. It has also been established that the variants in thickness and number of layers define and characterize the epithelia. Finally, the study reveals that morphometric characteristics of the epithelium of primates and carnivores have more similarities than those of herbivores.
Histological and Immunohistochemical Study of the Cat Epididymis
Authors: Sánchez B. , Flores J. M. , Pizarro M. , García P.
Published: June 2007

A histological and immunohistochemical study of the epididymis of 21 cats which ranged from 7 to 8 months to 2 years of age was made. Five different cell types were observed in the feline epididymis: principal and basal cells, which were the most numerous, apical and narrow, PAS positive cells, which were scarce, and migratory cells, consisting of lymphocytes and macrophages. Four morphologically distinct areas of the cat epididymis were identified. Region I displayed a stellate lumen and the principal cells were tall and presented long and irregular stereocilia. In region II, the lumen was oval and the principal cells were shorter than in the inicial area. Region III displayed characteristics similar to those of region I; the principal difference was the presence of short and regular stereocilia on the surface of the principal cells. In region IV the lumen was very spacious and the epithelium shorter than in the other regions. In regions I, II, and III intraepithelial cavities were observed. With regard to the immunohistochemical results, the basal cells displayed medium immunoreactivity with vimentin. Due to its anti‐desmin reactivity, the muscle wall which surrounds the epididymis was seen to become progresively thicker as it nears the tail. Broad‐spectrum anti‐cytokeratin serum produced intense immunostaining in the basal, apical and narrow, PAS positive cells; the principal cells of region IV also displayed a strong immunoreactivity.
Chemoreceptive Epithelioid Cells in the Chicken Aorta. An Electron Microscopical Study
Authors: Kon Y. , Miyoshi M. , Hashimoto Y.
Published: June 2007

Aggregations of granulated epithelioid cells exist in the chicken aorta. In the present study, the locational characteristics of the epithelioid cells were investigated via an electron microscopic approach. Epithelioid cells were found mainly in two regions; the tunica interna just below the endothelial cell layers, and the intermediate region of the tunica media. In the former, the epithelioid cells were in contact with endothelial cells and sometimes directly exposed to the aortic lumen. No contact between the epithelioid cells and the nerve endings was observed in this region. On the other hand, in the intermediate region of the tunica media, five or more epithelioid cells were aggregated, and the cynaptic structures were occasionally observed. Additionally, the epithelioid cells in this region were observed to closely contact smooth muscle cells. In an experiment using horseradish peroxidase injection, reactions were detected in the intercellular spaces between the epithelioid cells and endothelial cells. These results suggest that the epithelioid cells localized in the subendothelial region receive information from the aortic lumen, whereas their aggregations in the tunica media are controlled by the nervous system.
Morphological and Immunohistochemical Considerations on the Basal Ganglia in Pigeon (Columba livia)
Authors: Galatioto S. , Abbate F. , Laura R. , Naccari F. , Germana G.
Published: June 2007

Morphological and immunohistochemical studies carried out particularly around the level of the basal ganglia (BG) in birds, are reported and commented on.

Our results showed, on paraffin embedded avian BG, both the histological features and the immunohistochemical findings on immunofluorescence distribution of some neuropeptides (especially Metenkephalin) in the striatal complex. By comparing our results of Metenkephalin immunoreactivity (Menkir) with the referred analogous ones of Substance P (SP) quoted in literature, we confirmed the strikingly similar labelling at the levels of the Lobus paraolfactorius (LPO) and Paleostriatum augmentatum (PA), in contrast with the very low immunoreactivity at the Paleostriatum primitivum (PP) levels. We were able also to demonstrate the strong MEnk‐ir of the neurons of the Nucleus accumbens, Nucleus septalis and paraventricularis. All these findings are also in accord to the interpretation by many AA (Wynne and Gunturkun. 1995; Reinez et al., 1983). about the anatomical correspondence between the LPO‐PA complex of birds and the caudate‐putamen in mammals. Some MEnk +‘wooly like fibres’ described in our specimens in the PA (on the contrary reported in the Gpe segment of mammals) apparently escape these correspondence.
An Immunohistochemical Study of Bovine Palatine and Pharyngeal Tonsils at 21, 60 and 300 Days of Age
Authors: Manesse M. , Delverdier M. , Abella‐Bourges N. , Sautet J. , Cabanié P. , Schelcher F.
Published: June 2007

An immunohistochemical study was performed on three groups of young cattle (21, 60 and 300 days of age). Tonsils (palatine and pharyngeal) and mucosae (nasal and oral) were removed. Eight monoclonal antibodies (specific for CD3, CD2, CD4, CD8, WC1, cell‐surface IgM, cell‐surface IgG and MHC class II molecules) and an avidin/biotin complex method on frozen sections were used.

The immunological cytoarchitecture of bovine tonsils is similar to that of human tonsils. Nevertheless, these lymphoid tissues are not fully developed during the first weeks of life: T and B dependent areas not well‐differentiated, few germinal centres, few intra‐epithelial WC1 + T lymphocytes. In contrast, at 2 months, tonsils possess all the elements of a mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue (MALT).

Tonsillar or mucosal epithelium is infiltrated by a large number of CD8+, WC1+ T lymphocytes and cells which express MHC class II molecules. Between 21 and 60 days, the number of WC1+ T lymphocytes increase markedly in the tonsillar epithelium. These results accredit the hypothesis that the presence of antigens has an effect on the localization of these lymphocytes at these sites.
Distention of the Lateral Intercellular Spaces (LIS) in the Proximal Tubule Cells of the Non‐Stenosed Kidney of the 2K‐1C Goldblatt Model of Hypertension as Evidence of Pressure Diuresis
Authors: Al‐Qattan K. K. , Safer A. M. , Al‐Hajri D. K.
Published: June 2007

This study shows the development of two major deformities in the non‐stenosed kidney of the 2K‐1C Goldblatt model; namely the widening of the LIS and the enlargement of the basilar interdigitations of the proximal tubule cells. These deformities were much less in the 2K‐1C animals treated with the angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitor (AICEI) cilazapril. From these findings it is suggested that the non‐stenosed kidney is operating under the diuretic effect of the elevated systemic blood pressure (SBP) via an increase in the renal interstitial hydrostatic pressure (RIHP). Therefore, the AII antidiuretic effect is masked by the diuretic effect of the elevated SBP. The suggested rise in urine output fits well with the idea that kidneys lose water and sodium when SBP increases enormously. Therefore, in this model of hypertension, the non‐stenosed kidney tries to lower SBP by losing water and sodium, an excretion behavior which is opposite to that of the stenosed kidney. Thus, the rise in SBP in this model is probably due to an increase in the vascular peripheral resistance rather than fluid accumulation.
Detection of the Ki‐67 Proliferation Associated Nuclear Epitope in Normal Canine Tissues Using the Monoclonal Antibody MIB‐1
Authors: Laprie C. , Abadie J. , Amardeilh M. F. , Raymond I. , Delverdier M.
Published: June 2007

This report describes the immunohistochemical detection of the Ki‐67 proliferation associated nuclear epitope by means of the MIB‐1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) in paraffin tissue sections from nine samples of 16 tissues obtained from nine dogs. Three parameters were considered: the localization of the cells expressing the Ki‐67 epitope, the cytological characteristics of the Ki‐67 expression, and the proliferative activity of some of the tissues measured by means of the proliferative index (percentage of Ki‐67 positive cells measured on 500 and 1000 cells). The MIB‐1 mAb reacts with the nuclei of proliferating cells, as in humans. The proliferative index was far from representative, but we were able to give a range of values concerning the proliferative activity of normal tissues. This study serves as a basis for the expression of the Ki‐67 antigen by normal canine tissues in order to visualize the proliferative compartments and, thus, allows its application as a proliferative marker in routine veterinarian histopathology.
Untersuchungen zur Form der Schilddrüse (Glandula thyreoidea) beim Geflügel mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der jahreszeitlichen Schwankungen
Authors: Breit S. , König H. E. , Stöger E.
Published: June 2007

The thyroid glands of 31 chickens at the age of 17 to 24 months were investigated. Different methods of anatomical preparation, casts of vessels and scanning electron microscopy were used. The thyroid gland of birds is a paired organ. It is located on the ventral surface of the base of the neck within the thoracic inlet. The left thyroid gland is placed more cranially than the right one. Each thyroid gland is closely connected to the common carotid artery on the medial side, from which it is supplied and to the jugular vein on the lateral side. It is a reddish‐brown organ and of lenticular profile. The gland measures on average 10 mm in length, 6 mm in width and 2 mm in thickness, and is covered by a thin connective tissue capsule which holds adipose cells. It seems that each thyroid follicle is surrounded by a net of capillaries. The investigation by scanning electron microscopy proved that the follicles are oval with a pyramidal top on each end. The cuboidal epithelium cells leave impressions in the colloid. Epithelium cells carry microvilli on the follicle side surface. Described seasonal changes of the thyroid gland in size and activity were able to be confirmed by the examination of the organ in July and December. In winter the follicular cells were higher and the follicles had a greater volume.
Histomorphometric and Progesterone Receptor Immunohistochemical Analysis in the Oviduct of Newly Hatched Chicks Treated with Follicle‐Stimulating Hormone during Embryonic Development
Authors: González‐Morán G. , Camacho‐Arroyo I.
Published: June 2007

In this study we evaluated the histomorphology and ultra‐structure of the oviduct of newly hatched chicks, as well as the immunohistochemical expression of progesterone receptor (PR) in this tissue after follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) treatment on days 13, 15 and 17 of embryonic development.

Results indicated a marked difference in the histology of the oviduct of newly hatched chicks treated with FSH. Magnum mucosa from these animals presented a pseudostratified epithelium with evaginations from the lumen into the epithelium and from the latter into the stroma beneath where tubular glands are formed. In contrast magnum mucosa from control animals presented columnar epithelium with no evaginations. In magnum epithelium FSH also induced the formation of cilia and microvilli projections into the lumen as well as an increase in the wall and lumen areas and in the density of nuclei per unit‐area. PR immunoreactivity was only observed in the oviduct of FSH treated animals. PR was located in the nucleus of epithelial luminal cells, mucosal stromal cells and smooth muscle cells. These findings suggest that FSH induces an adequate hormonal milieu for the cytodifferentiation and PR gene expression in the chick oviduct.
3D Reconstruction of the Mouse's Mesonephros
Authors: Vazquez M.‐D. , Bouchet P. , Mallet J.‐L. , Foliguet B. , Gérard H. , LeHeup B.
Published: June 2007

The present work reports on the three‐dimensional reconstruction of the segmented mesonephros during the embryonic development of the mouse. With a light microscope and an automatic reconstruction of surfaces, aspects of the mesonephros are described. These surfaces are obtained by using digitized contour lines. A new interpolation method called DSI (Discrete Smooth Interpolation) enables correction of the distortion induced by microtomy in paraffin sections. After a tri‐angulation step, this method uses a smoothing algorithm, which implies a spatial redistribution of the vertices of the triangles to correct the rotational and translational misalignment. The use of this 3D program improves the understanding of the development patterns and helps us to appreciate changes in the rebuilt mesonephros. By 10.5 embryonic days, tubules emerge from the Wolffian body and begin their formation, then between 11.5 and 13.5 embryonic days, tortuous mesonephric tubules bound to the Wolffian duct form small curls, which grow and finally unwind. At the same time, mesonephric tubules unbound to the Wolffian duct appear, and on 13.5 embryonic days, the Müllerian duct is visible. After 14.5 embryonic days, the segmented mesonephros keeps its general aspect but decreases in size. At this time, each gonad is provided with both Wolffian and Müllerian ducts. Later, the Wolffian duct differentiates into the definitive male duct system, whilst the Müllerian duct regresses. Conversely, the paramesonephric duct differentiates into the definitive female duct system, whilst the mesonephric duct in turn degenerates. By this time degeneration has begun in the cranial portion of the mesonephros and this process progresses caudally. The spatial organization of the mesonephric tubules and the precise organization of all connections between these elements and the ducts may be well defined. Such approach can allow for a high definition of the normal pattern of mesonephros differentiation.
Morphology and Development of the Distal Ganglion of the Vagus Nerve (Ganglion distale n. vagi) in Sheep during the Prenatal Period
Authors: Pospieszny N. , Brużewicz S.
Published: June 2007

This study was carried out on 31 sheep fetuses, which were divided into four developmental groups. It was established that the development and morphology of the investigated part of vagus nerve is strongly correlated with the developing organs of the fetuses. The very distinct ‘translocation’ of the distal ganglion of the vagus nerve in the caudoventral direction was observed in the course of development. There was no influence of sex on the results of investigation.
The Comparative Anatomical Study of the Parietal Region of the Skull of the Korean Native Goat (Capra Hircus)
Authors: Yi S. J. , Lee H. S. , Kim K. S. , Kang T. C.
Published: June 2007

In the skull of the Korean native goat, the parietal region was classified into four types by the degree of the fusion of the bones, the os interparietale, the os parietale and the squama occipitalis of the os occipitale, and the structural variations of these fusions. The fusion appeared first in the sutura inter‐parietoparietalis and that of the sutura sagittalis of both ossa parietalia was followed. There was no fusion between the os parietale and the squama occipitalis of the os occipitale. These results suggest that the os interparietale developed independently but fused to the os parietale after birth, and the os parietale were developed as paired bones in prenatal life and then fused together according to age.
The Guttural Pouch is not Present in the White Rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum); Morphology of the Eustachian Tube and Nasopharynx
Authors: Endo H. , Manglai  , Fujisawa M. , Kurohmaru M. , Hayashi Y.
Published: June 2007

The nasopharynx and eustachian tube (auditory tube) were morphologically examined in the white rhinoceros. The narrow nasopharynx cavity was enlarged dorsoventrally. The most lateral part of both sides sharply rises in a dorsal direction and the volume is estimated at 173 cc. The eustachian tube is 145 mm in length from the auditory bulla to the nasopharynx. The hyaline cartilage is well‐developed in the middle region of the eustachian tube wall. The results demonstrated that the white rhinoceros does not have a guttural pouch. We suggest that the occurrence of the guttural pouch may not be dependent on the phylogenetic status of perissodactyls such as horse, donkey and tapir.
Über die frühfetale Entwicklung der Dünndarm‐Mukosa des Rindes (Bos primigenius taurus).
Authors: Winkler Fr. , Wille K.‐H.
Published: June 2007

The development of the bovine small intestine was examined in 24 embryos and fetuses by light microscopic, scanning and transmission electron microscopic methods. Special reference was paid to the genesis of the epithelium and particularly of the villi intestinales.

The primitive intestine consists of one layer of epithelial cells surrounded by mesenchym and tunica serosa. The fetal intestine (up to the 24th week of gestation) shows all the morphologic structures of the adult. In small intestine the development of cryptae and villi intestinales starts before the 7th week of gestation and progresses with a proximo‐distal gradient. Epithelial proliferation that gives rise to primary epithelial villi makes epithelium become temporarily stratified. Finger‐like secondary villi develop by proliferation of the mesenchym. In addition to this process mucosal folds occur in duodenum giving rise to villi by segmentation. At the same time the differentiation of epithelium starts.

The fetal small intestine, like many other fetal tissues displays masses of glycogen.
The Treatment of Ichthyosis and Hyperkeratotic Conditions with Urea
Authors: Rosten Morris
Published: June 2007

Fifty‐eight patients suffering from a variety of dermatoses were treated with 10% urea in a non‐greasy base. Excellent results were obtained in patients with ichthyosis and other hyperkeratotic conditions. In atopic dermatitis, disseminated neurodermatitis, hand dermatitis and seborrhœic dermatitis the results were only fair. No improvement was noted in psoriasis, pustular psoriasis, solar keratosis and peri‐oral dermatitis.
MELANOMA SPECIFIC PROTEIN: DETECTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A TUMOUR SPECIFIC PROTEIN FROM MELANOTIC URINE*
Authors: Bennett Claire , Cooke K. Brian
Published: June 2007

Summary

Urine from patients with malignant melanoma contains a specific protein not detected in normal urine nor in the urine of any other cancer patients tested. This protein is also found in urine from patients with actively developing halo naevi. It is detected by its ability to inhibit the cytoplasmic staining of malignant melanoma cells by rabbit antimelanoma antisera. The protein is sialo‐protein, molecular weight 76,000 daltons, with α1 globulin mobility. It is suggested that it may be related to the melanosomal proteins.
REGRESSING PLANE WARTS—AN ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDY*
Authors: Weedon David , Robertson Ivan
Published: June 2007

Summary

A patient with multiple plane warts which disappeared spontaneously over a period of several weeks is reported. Electron microscopy revealed numerous apoptotic bodies in the epidermis.
A DOUBLE‐BLIND CONTROLLED EVALUATION OF DIPROSONE CREAM 0.05% IN COMPARISON WITH SYNALAR CREAM 0.01% IN THE TREATMENT OF PSORIASIS AND OTHER STEROID RESPONSIVE DERMATOSES
Authors: Lewis M. B.
Published: June 2007

Summary

A three‐week double‐blind randomized study was carried out to compare the effect of Diprosone cream 0.05% with Synalar cream 0.01%. Forty patients suffering from psoriasis and other steroid responsive dermatoses were included in the study. The disease status was carefully monitored throughout the period of the study and parameters were measured to determine the efficacy, onset of action, tolerance and cosmetic acceptability of the two preparations under study. It was concluded that both preparations were efficacious in the treatment of psoriasis and other steroid responsive dermatoses, and that there was no statistically significant difference between the two preparations in the parameters evaluated, other than in the treatment of psoriasis when the parameter of scaling was measured.

Side effects were recorded in two patients receiving Synalar, and one receiving Diprosone, during this study.
SUNSCREEN EFFECTIVENESS: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS*
Authors: Watson Alan
Published: June 2007

Summary

This paper examines the theoretical and practical considerations which may limit sunscreen effectiveness and lead to false expectations on the part of sunscreen users. Present evidence for a preventative effect against carcinogenesis and long term damage is inadequate and needs more attention. Determination of more meaningful protection factors requires better replication of field conditions and better definition of the best parameter, in the acute stage, which would correlate with long term damage. Careful patient instruction with regard to time, site and frequency of application is required. The importance of protection from suberythemal damage, reason for application and maximizing physical protection and avoidance, should be stressed.
THE EFFECT ON ADRENAL AX.IS FUNCTION OF TOPICALLY APPLIED BETAMETHASONE VALERATE OINTMENT 0.1%
Authors: Fischer Gayle O.
Published: June 2007

Summary

It is widely recognized that topical corticosteroids may be absorbed systemically, resulting in suppression of plasma cortisol levels. However, their effect on the true competence of the adrenal axis has not been fully established.

Eight adult inpatients with dermatoses of variable type and severity were treated with betamethasone valerate 0.1% ointment without occlusion. In all cases there was some degree of suppression of serum cortisol levels. In five patients adrenal axis stress tests were performed. The Synacthen test was normal in all patients and only one had a clearly abnormal response to insulin‐induced hypoglycaemia, which had returned to normal one month after cessation of treatment.

This suggests that despite suppression of serum cortisol levels, adrenal axis competence was either maintained or, if diminished, returned promptly to normal after treatment ceased.
A DOUBLE BLIND TRIAL OF KETOCONAZOLE VERSUS GRISEOFULVIN TREATMENT FOR DERMATOPHYTE INFECTIONS
Authors: Wishart J. M.
Published: June 2007

Summary

Twenty‐seven patients with various dermatophyte infections took part in a double blind study. Thirteen patients were given ketoconazole 200 mg daily and 14 griseofulvin 500 mg daily for up to 60 days. Following ketoconazole therapy, 12 of 13 patients were healed, with minimal lesions in one. In the griseofulvin‐treated group ten of 14 were healed, three having minimal residual lesions and one was a treatment failure. There was a tendency for T. rubrum infections to respond more completely to ketoconazole treatment. At six‐month follow up there was one griseofulvin‐treated failure and one relapse while there were three ketoconazole relapses.

It is concluded that both ketoconazole and griseofulvin are effective in treating dermatophyte infections and ketoconazole is a safe alternative to griseofulvin if intolerance or allergy to griseofulvin exists.
PARANEOPLASTIC ACROKERARTOSIS
Authors: Rosner Steven A. , Nurse David S. , Dowling John P.
Published: June 2007

The history is presented of a patient who developed an acral keratotic rash diagnosed as paraneoplastic acrokeratosis, associated with cervical metastases from a carcinoma of the tongue. The skin changes settled with surgical removal of the tumour and metastases. During treatment localized bullous pemphigoid also developed.

The relationship of these problems is discussed.
ALLOPURINOL HYPERSENSITIVITY: A POTENTIALLY LIFE THREATENING REACTION
Authors: Vinciullo Carl
Published: June 2007

Summary

Allopurinol is a frequently used drug for the treatment of gout and hyperuricaemia. It has been estimated that as many as 60% of patients receive the drug for asymptomatic hyperuricaemia. Often little thought is given to the patient's renal function, the correct dosage of allopurinol or to the concomitant use of other drugs, e.g. thiazides. Approximately 10% of patients develop a mild reaction of a cutaneous or gastrointestinal nature. Severe life‐threatening hypersensitivity reactions can and do occur, as will be described in an illustrative case report. Details of the different reactions of a cutaneous or other type are given and treatment and recommendations for allopurinol use are discussed.
NON‐MELANOTIC SKIN CANCER AND SOLAR KERATOSES IN VICTORIA—CLINICAL STUDIES II
Authors: Goodman G. J. , Marks R. , Selwood T. S. , Ponsford M. W. , Pakes W.
Published: June 2007

Summary

The light exposed areas of the head and neck, forearms and dorsa of hands of two thousand adults aged forty years and older were at the Alfred Hospital between 1982 and 1983. There were 1,029 males and 971 females. Fifty‐nine people (3%) had at least one non‐melanotic skin cancer and 754 (37.7%) had at least one solar keratosis. The results of this study confirm the impression that sunlight exposure is a major determining factor in development of these tumours.
AN UNUSUAL PORPHYRINURIA PRECIPITATED BY VIRAEMIA
Authors: Taylor Garry F. , Carter Norris G.
Published: June 2007

Summary

A case of childhood familial porphyria cutanea trada is described It is postulated that concurrent infectious mononucleosis was responsible for the uroporphyrinuria
OIL CONTACT KERATOSIS PILARIS *
Authors: Georgouras Katherine
Published: June 2007

A case is reported of a 55‐year‐old man of Greek origin who was employed by a bolt manufacturer. During the course of his work the patient was constantly in contact with cutting oil. He developed keratosis pilaris on the oil‐soaked areas. This is the first report of keratosis pilaris occurring as a reaction to contact with cutting oil in which the deliberate application of the oil reproduced the reaction clinically and histologically.
HAIR BUNDLES: A PRESENTATION OF FOLLICULITIS *
Authors: Oakley Amanda , Scollay David
Published: June 2007

Case reports of three patients with folliculitis of the posterior scalp are presented. In each an abnormality of hair growth was observed in the affected area in which bundles of hairs emerged from each follicle. The individual hair shafts came from independent papillae but converged into a single infundibulum in the upper dermis, and there was an associated granulomatous inflammation. This type of compound follicle with staphylococcal infection has rarely been reported in man before. Some of the mechanisms by which compound follicles can be formed are discussed.
THE TREATMENT OF HIRSUTISM: EXPERIENCE WITH CYPROTERONE ACETATE AND SPIRONOLACTONE
Authors: Thomas A. K. , Slobodniuk R. , Taft J. , Cooper M. , Montalto J. , Jerums G.
Published: June 2007

Twenty‐three patients were treated with either cyproterone acetate (n = 14) or spirono‐ lactone (n = 12) for a period of not less than twelve months. Plasma and urinary androgen levels fall significantly with cyproterone acetate but showed little change with spironolactone. Sebum production fell in both groups as did hair diameters. The frequency of cosmetic measures used by the patients was reduced during both forms of therapy. No serious side effects were observed. However, these drugs should not be used in patients without adequate contraception because of the risk to the foetus. Further evaluation of the relative merits of the two drugs is required.
NORWEGIAN SCABIES IN A GIRL WITH PSORIASIS
Authors: Keipert James A.
Published: June 2007

Summary

A four‐year old girl had Norwegian scabies, many of the manifestations of which were initially ascribed to psoriasis which was present then and is still present five years later No predisposing factor was present. From a study of reported cases, Norwegian scabies appears to be very uncommon in children and especially in girls, only one previous report in a girl being found in the literature of the past 35 years.
CUTANEOUS VASCULITIS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO SYSTEMIC DISEASE
Authors: Callen Jeffrey P.
Published: June 2007

Summary

Leukocytoclastic vasculitis is a syndrome of multiple clinical expressions, with multiple aetiologic associations, which is probably linked by the common pathogenetic mechanism of immune complex disease. There is no specific therapy regardless of the clinical syndrome noted, and prognosis depends on the severity and type of organ involvement.
THE PREVALENCE OF SKIN DISEASE IN THE GERIATRIC AGE GROUP
Authors: Adam John E. , Reilly Susan
Published: June 2007

Summary

Data is presented from two studies on the prevalence of skin disease amongst geriatric patients in Ottawa, Canada. In the presenting complaint study, there were 326 new geriatric patients examined (12.7% of all new patients). The four commonest presenting complaints were actinic keratoses (24.9%), eczema (16.3%), benign tumours (13.8%) and malignant tumours (12.6%). In the random selection study, 166 geriatric patients selected from nursing homes and hospitals were examined and their dermatologic signs recorded. Some of the cutaneous features that were observed are reported.
IODIC ERUPTIONS
Authors: O'Brien Timothy J.
Published: June 2007

Summary

Two cases of anthracoid or carbuncular eruptions due to iodides are reported. Small amounts of iodides contained in some commercial preparations or in tonics may be responsible for such eruptions. Oral steroids seem to be useful in controlling severe cases.
INCIDENCE OF MELANOMA IN SURGICALLY REMOVED PIGMENTED LESIONS
Authors: Fernando Sujatha S. E.
Published: June 2007

Summary

1277 surgically removed pigmented lesions sent to South Western Area Pathology Services (SWAPS) serving a demographicaly well defined area of about 240,000 inhabitants during a 4½ year period were reviewed. Of these 72 were malignant melanoma and 14 were interpreted as dysplastic naevi. The sex, age and site distribution are presented.
HERPES GESTATIONIS WITH MULTIPLE RECURRENCES
Authors: Tosca Androniki D. , Babanioti Niki C. , Panagiotopoulos A. C. , Hatzis J. D. , Varelzidis A. G. , Stratigos J. D.
Published: June 2007

Summary

A case of herpes gestationis with multiple attacks is reported. These attacks occurred over five years during and after three successful pregnancies, during and after three pregnancies which resulted in miscarriages, and during menstruation. The three living children did not have any skin problems. The diagnosis was substantiated, histologically and immunohistochemically. The patient was HLA DR3 positive. She was Rhesus−ve (Rh−ve) and the two first children were Rh+ve while the third one was Rh−ve. The investigative data are discussed in relation to the possible pathogenetic factors for the diseases.
MOISTURISER PRESCRIPTION PATTERNS AMONG AUSTRALASIAN DERMATOLOGISTS
Authors: Shumack Stephen P. , Commens Chris A.
Published: June 2007

Summary

One hundred and forty Australasian dermatologists replied to s survey concerning their moisturiser prescribing patterns (67% response rate). Some unexpected local prescription patterns of moisturiser use were detected.
PLASMA FERRITIN LEVELS AS A GUIDE TO THE TREATMENT OF PORPHYRIA CUTANEA TARDA BY VENESECTION
Authors: Ratnaike Sujjiva , Blake Dennis , Campbell David , Cowen Peter , Varigos George
Published: June 2007

We have examined prospectively the plasma ferritin levels during management often patients with porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) who were being treated by venesection. We compared plasma ferritin levels with clinical features as well as with plasma, urine and faecal porphyrin levels.

Plasma ferritin and porphyrin levels were found to be variable during the initial period of treatment, and then decreased in parallel with the clinical improvement. Clinical remission and a fall in porphyrin levels lagged several weeks behind the near exhaustion of body iron stores as indicated by plasma ferritin levels. This lag period and the initial variable porphyrin levels are best explained, we believe, by the presence of a large accumulation of porphryin in the liver of patients with PCT. We suggest that venesection be stopped when plasma ferritin falls to the lower end of the reference range.
NATURAL KILLER CELL AND CYTOTOXIC/SUPPRESSOR T CELL DEFICIENCY IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD IN SUBJECTS WITH ALOPECIA AREATA
Authors: Lutz Gerhard , Niedecken Heinz , Bauer Ralf , Kreysel Hans W.
Published: June 2007

The previously observed reduction in peripheral cytotoxic/suppressor T cell populations in subjects with alopecia areata (AA) was confirmed (p<0.001). Moreover, a hitherto undescribed decrease in circulating natural killer cells was noted (p<0.01).

These data show that disorders of cellular immunity are present in patients affected with AA and complement the results of other investigations.
THE BOWEL‐ASSOCIATED DERMATOSIS‐ARTHRITIS SYNDROME
Authors: Delaney Thomas A. , Clay Christopher D. , Randell Peter L.
Published: June 2007

Summary

A 46 year old man with Crohn's disease developed a widespread pustular eruption associated with intermittent fever and arthritis. Histological examination demonstrated cutaneous vasculitis with leukocytoclasia, and IgM and C3 on direct immunofluorescence. This is characteristic of the bowel‐associated dermatosis‐arthritis syndrome, also known as the bowel bypass syndrome without bypass, a recently described complication of inflammatory bowel disease. This is the ninth case reported to date.
MYCOSIS FUNGOIDES WITH FATAL BRAIN INVOLVEMENT
Authors: Ramesh V. , Saxena Uma , Misra R.S. , Mukherjee A.
Published: June 2007

Summary

The clinical course, therapy and investigations in a man with lichenoid mycosis fungoides which resulted in fatal spread to the brain is described. Immunological studies revealed a significant reduction in T cell numbers. Brain lesions were confirmed by CT Scan and drill biopsy. The literature on the subject is discussed.
EPIDERMODYSPLASIA VERRUCIFORMIS
Authors: Dyall‐Smith Delwyn , Cowen Peter , Varigos George
Published: June 2007

Summary

A patient with epidermodysplasia verruciformis was followed over a ten year period. This rare genetic disorder, characterised by papillomavirus‐associated skin lesions and squamous cell carcinomas, is difficult to manager and invariably shortens the lifespan due to metastases from skin carcinomas. In our case, we confirmed the diagnosis using nucleic acid hybridisation, at high stringency, to cloned papillomavirus DNA. Relentless progression of disease occurred despite varied and increasingly vigorous treatment modalities.
A TEN YEAR SURVEY ON TRICHOPHYTON TONSURANS: PREVALENCE AND STRAIN TYPES IN THE GENERAL COMMUNITY AND IN ABORIGINES
Authors: Crozier WilliamJ.
Published: June 2007

Summary

During a 10‐year period (1976–1986), a set of 154 isolates of T. tonsurans were examined. These were derived from patients in the Illawarra, South Coast and North Coast areas of NSW. The American experience of rapid increase in T. tonsurans infections was not repeated in this survey. There appeared to be good evidence of particular strains of T. tonsurans causing infections almost exclusively in aboriginal patients (96.6%), while other strains substantially caused infections in non‐aboriginal patients (78.4%).
THE SUN PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF CLOTHING, INCLUDING BEACHWEAR
Authors: Jevtic Andrew P.
Published: June 2007

Summary

Clothing represents a significant though underutilised form of sun protection but the literature reveals few studies dealing with this subject. This study used a solar simulator to assess in vivo sun protection factors (SPF) for two clothing items of beachwear ‐ a synthetic surf shirt and a combination cotton/polyester T‐shirt. The tests showed that the T‐shirt had a relative SPF of 15, and the surf shirt an SPF of 36. This however decreased by a factor of 1/3 in both cases when the material was wet. Overall, this compares favourably with conventional sunscreens and also has the advantage of a wide spectrum of cover.
AUSTRALIAN TRIAL OF TOPICAL MINOXIDIL AND PLACEBO IN EARLY MALE PATTERN BALDNESS
Authors: Connors T.J. , Cooke D.E. , Launey W.E. De , Downie M. , Knudsen R.G. , Shumack S. , Eggleston A.S.
Published: June 2007

Summary

One hundred and sixty nine men with early male pattern baldness (androgenic alopecia) were treated in a random, double‐blind fashion with either 2% minoxidil solution or placebo vehicle for 24 weeks, one ml applied twice daily. After 24 weeks all patients received the active solution until week 48. After 24 weeks the minoxidil treated patients had increased their non‐vellus hair counts significantly more than the placebo treated group; means were 37.6 and 8.8 hairs per reference area, 95% C.I. for difference = 10.85 to 60.75. The rate of non‐vellus hair regrowth was also greater among minoxidil treated patients than placebo treated patients. Nine (12.5%) evaluable minoxidil treated patients compared with 2 (2.7%) evaluable placebo treated patients reported moderate or dense hair regrowth at week 24. Minimal regrowth was reported by 18 (25%) active group and 15 (20%) placebo group patients. The investigators considered that 3 (2%) of the minoxidil group and none of the placebo group had moderate hair regrowth and that none had dense regrowth. After 48 weeks treatment 28 (23%) patients considered that they had moderate hair regrowth and the investigators considered that 14 (12%) patients had moderate regrowth. None had dense growth. No serious adverse reactions or deaths were reported. Minoxidil solution appeared to be an efficaceous and safe treatment for early androgenic alopecia.
TOXIC PUSTULODERMA
Authors: Gebauer K. , Holgate C. , Navaratnam A.
Published: June 2007

Summary

A striking cutaneous eruption developed in a fifty‐eight year old woman with bipolar affective disorder three weeks after starting carbamazepine therapy. She had an infectious mononucleosis‐like systemic illness associated with myriads of cutaneous micropustules, erythroderma and a high eosinophil count. A similar eruption due to carbamazepine has been reported only twice before, but isolated cases ascribed to other medications exist. We believe that this reaction is a specific class of drug eruption best named Toxic Pustuloderma.
CONTACT DERMATITIS DUE TO ALSTROEMERIA (PERUVIAN LILY)
Authors: Apted Johnh.
Published: June 2007

Summary

Two cases of hand dermatitis due to contact with the plant Alstroemeria (Peruvian Lily) are recorded. This plant has been increasingly used for making floral decorations during the last decade. As it is available throughout the year in Victoria more cases are likely to be discovered in the community.
BULLOUS PEMPHIGOID INDUCED BY A BURN
Authors: Jevtic Andrew , Grigoris Irene
Published: June 2007

Summary

Following a burn and slow healing, a spreading blistering eruption developed and the diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid was made. Other causes of ‘induced’ bullous pemphigoid are reviewed.
CUTANEOUS MERCURY GRANULOMA
Authors: Gebauer And K. , Connor B.
Published: June 2007

Mercury poisoning arising from cutaneous mercury deposition is highly unusual. The diagnosis is difficult to make when no history of a penetrating injury is given. We report such a case and discuss investigation and management. Other cutaneous manifestations of mercury exposure are outlined.