bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CHILD IMMIGRANT POST-MIGRATION MENTAL HEALTH: A QUALITATIVE INQUIRY INTO CAREGIVERS’ PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Fakhari Nahal , McIsaac Jessie-Lee D. , Spencer Rebecca
Published: July 2023

Immigrant families and their children experience isolation after migration to Canada. Inadequate income, unemployment, and underemployment have all been identified as primary challenges to the mental health of immigrant families. This study qualitatively explored the perceptions of six Middle Eastern immigrant caregivers regarding their children’s post-migration mental health. The research was situated in the constructivist paradigm, and qualitative descriptive design was used to explore participant experiences. Interviews were conducted in English with three Farsi-speaking and three Arabic-speaking caregivers. Reflexive thematic analysis was performed. Three themes were developed: (a) parents feel their children are isolated and lonely; (b) caregivers’ limited access to resources impacts their children’s mental health; and (c) community connections enhance families’ mental health. Findings suggest children’s experiences with family separation and exposure to racism contributed to children’s loneliness. Children’s isolation was exacerbated by caregivers’ limited access to resources to support their children’s transition into Canada. Caregivers identified social support as an asset to their families’ mental health. This research highlights the importance of culturally responsive health, employment, and education policies, together with programs to provide resources for immigrant families to support their children’s mental health after migration.
Antimicrobial Effect of Silver Nanoparticles and Combination with Cotrimoxazole against Salmonella Typhi in Vitro and in Animal Model
Authors: Javadi Mina , Soltani Hossein , Shokri Rasoul
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Salmonella typhi is a large group of gram-negative bacilli with Enterobacteriaceae and common pathogens between humans and animals, which is the main cause of typhoid fever in humans. One of the most common antibiotics in the treatment of Salmonella is cotrimoxazole, but due to the widespread use of antibiotics, bacterial resistance has developed. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial effect of silver nanoparticles and its combination with the antibiotic cotrimoxazole to produce a more effective antimicrobial drug against Salmonell typhi.
Methods: In this experimental study, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) for silver nanoparticles and combination with cotrimoxazole, was performed based on microdilution method. Then, their antibacterial effects were investigated in infected mouse model. In order to analyze the results statistically, SPSS software version 16 was used. In this test, P< 0.05 was considered as a significant level.
Results: MIC and MFC of silver nanoparticles for Salmonella typhi were 4 ppm and 8 ppm respectively, composition of silver nanoparticles with cotrimoxazole for Salmonella typhi were 62 ppm and 125 ppm and cotrimoxazole for Salmonella typhi were 500 ppm and 1000 ppm. Mouse model to study the antibacterial effect of silver nanoparticles and combination with cotrimoxazole against Salmonella typhi infection was confirmed., Silver nanoparticles had the highest antibacterial effect and cotrimoxazole has the lowest antibacterial effect than other groups.
Conclusion: Silver nanoparticles are very effective compared to other groups, especially the antibacterial cotrimoxazole.
Prevalence and Morphology of the Middle Mesial Canal in the First and Second Mandibular Molars Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Salavati Mohammadreza , Torkzade Azadeh , Ranjbarian Parisa , Seyghalani Zahra Hashemi
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Understanding of the normal anatomy of the teeth as well as the anatomical variations of each tooth and between different teeth is a prerequisite for successful endodontic treatment, and errors in this area can lead to treatment failures .The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and morphology of the middle mesial canal in the first and second mandibular molars using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) in the population of Isfahan City and its relationship with the distance between the orifice canals.
Methods: This retrospective descriptive study examined 180 reconstructed CBCT radiographs in modified axial, coronal, and sagittal sections, and evaluated the number, location, and morphology of the canals and the spacing of the orifices.
Results: 47.5% of participants had left-side first molars with three canals and 48% had right-side first molars with three canals.46.1% had a second molar on left-side with three canals and 46% had a right-side three canal second molar. 1% of participants had four canals in the left-side first molars and 1% had four canals in the right-side first molars.
Conclusion: The middle mesial canal is more likely to be near the mesiobuccal and mesiolingual canals. The highest prevalence is in the right-side first molar of women and the lowest is in the left-side second molar of men. Due to the low probability of the presence of this additional canal, careful examination of the patient's molar teeth before starting endodontic treatment is recommended.
A pedagogia da alternância frente às teorias do currículo: tradicional, crítica ou pós-crítica?
Authors: Valadão Alberto Dias
Published: July 2023

Gestada na França em 1935, a Pedagogia da Alternância tem o tempo-espaço escolar e o tempo-espaço familiar como orgânicos, indissociáveis, objetivando promover a formação integral das pessoas do campo, valorizando as práticas sociais que as constituem. Este trabalho de cunho bibliográfico, tem como objetivo compreender como essa modalidade educativa do campo, conforme Gimonet (2007), García-Marirrodriga e Puig-Calvó (2010), Nosella (2014, 2020) e Granereau (2020), está posicionada em relação às teorias do currículo: tradicional, crítica e pós-crítica. Recorremos para a problematização a estudiosos do currículo como Silva (2003, 2010), Berticelli (2001), Paraíso (2010), Lopes e Macedo (2011) que pensam a cultura como um campo de luta em torno da significação social e o currículo como prática produtiva que produz identidades sociais. Para a análise dos contornos que assume a Pedagogia da Alternância em relação às teorias do currículo, o conceito de política de identidade como instrumento de reivindicação dos grupos culturais que têm ocupado espaços à margem da sociedade como os agricultores familiares, será importante, visto que, as proposições curriculares e o próprio conhecimento estão implicados em relações de poder.
Research on Dairy Cow Identification Methods in Dairy Farm
Authors: Bo Liu , Yuefeng Liu , Xiang Bao , Yue Wang , Haofeng Liu , Xuan Long
Published: July 2023

Background: There is a large amount of occlusion in dairy farms and changes in daytime and nighttime lighting seriously affect the accuracy of traditional dairy cow identification. Methods: This paper proposed a method to dairy cow identification in dairy farm. Firstly, Resnet50 was used to extract the pattern features of dairy cows and this paper fused the fourth and fifth scale features with semantic information. Secondly, on the basis of the triplet loss, it added label smoothing loss instead of softmax cross-entropy loss to further avoid over-fitting and reduced the intra-class distance with the center loss, which improved the mean average precision (mAP) by 8.9% compared with the initial Re-identification(Reid) and the joint optimized distance calculation formula was improved the single distance measurement in the triplet loss, using two distance measurement methods to effectively improve the recognition accuracy. Finally, it was combined with pruning operation to reduce the redundant parameters of the model. Result: The experiment proves that the identification mAP of dairy cows reaches 81.2%, which is an improvement 10.9% compared to the baseline model mAP, providing a strong technical support for the subsequent dairy cow identification and target tracking system.
Effect of Acceleratedly Aged Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Seeds on Physiological and Biochemical Properties
Authors: Gayathri M. , Jerlin R. , Eevera T. , Amuthaselvi G.
Published: July 2023

Background: Accelerated ageing causes seeds to deteriorate that affect the seed quality of groundnut seeds. Seed deterioration will cause metabolic and chemical changes viz., lipid peroxidation and autoxidation, leading to loss of membrane integrity and enzyme activities. These changes are associated with reduced germination and vigour. Methods: The groundnut seeds cv. VRI 8 was subjected for accelerated ageing at 40oC with 100% RH upto 11 days and evaluated the physiological and biochemical changes in groundnut seeds associated with accelerated ageing. Results: The germination and seed vigour of accelerated aged groundnut seeds exhibited declining trend which was well correlated with antioxidant enzyme activities viz., catalase, peroxidase, super oxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities whereas negatively correlated with electrical conductivity, electrolyte leakage and proline content. The decline in physiological and biochemical activity in accelerated aged seeds was associated with impairment in metabolic process caused by membrane damage during ageing and the inability of the seeds to repair and compensate the accumulated damage.
ВИТАМИННО-МИНЕРАЛЬНЫЕ КОМПЛЕКСЫ И БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИ АКТИВНЫЕ ВЕЩЕСТВА В ДИЕТОТЕРАПИИ ПАЦИЕНТОВ САХАРНЫМ ДИАБЕТОМ 2-ГО ТИПА (ОБЗОР)
Authors:   ФГБУН «Федеральный исследовательский центр питания, биотехнологии и безопасности пищи», Коденцова В.М. , Рисник Д.В. ,   ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова», Шарафетдинов Х.Х. ,   ФГБУН «Федеральный исследовательский центр питания, биотехнологии и безопасности пищи»
Published: July 2023

Многие биологически активные вещества (БАВ), включая витамины, эссенциальные минеральные вещества, витаминоподобные соединения обладают свойствами, которые потенциально могут ослабить патологические изменения и улучшить состояние пациентов с сахарным диабетом 2-го типа (СД2). Цель обзора – характеристика обеспеченности микронутриентами пациентов с СД2, обоснование необходимости и преимуществ применения в диетотерапии многокомпонентных витаминно-минеральных комплексов (ВМК) и сопоставление разрешенных для применения в составе специализированных пищевых продуктов (СПП) и БАД к пище доз витаминоподобных и биологически активных веществ с дозами, обеспечивающими клинический эффект. Для пациентов с СД2 характерна множественная микронутриентная недостаточность разной степени, то есть одновременный недостаток сразу нескольких витаминов и минеральных веществ. Анализ литературы показал, что достаточно продолжительный прием ВМК, содержащих витамины в дозе более рекомендуемых норм потребления (РНП), обеспечивая более высокое потребление микронутриентов и снижая риск их неадекватного потребления, приводит к повышению концентрации микронутриентов в плазме крови и устранению метаболических нарушений, причиной которых был недостаток микронутриентов. Многие ВМК наряду с витаминами и минеральными веществами содержат другие БАВ в незначительных количествах. Для улучшения гликемического контроля при СД2 и обусловленных гипергликемией проявлениях суточные дозы коэнзима Q должны составлять 100–200 мг, куркумина – 320–1570 мг, таурина – 3 г, лютеина – 10 мг, водного экстракта корицы – 250–500 мг при продолжительности приема 2–6 мес., что превышает верхний допустимый уровень потребления в составе БАД и СПП. Критерием выбора СПП и БАД для пациентов с СД2 является не просто наличие в их составе микронутриентов и антиоксидантов растительного происхождения, а дозы, обеспечивающие улучшение клинического состояния.
ANTHROPOGENIC POLLUTION BY CHEMICAL ELEMENTS (POST-TRANSITION METALS): AL, GA, IN, SN, TL, PB, BI
Authors:   1 Nelyubin Institute of Pharmacy of Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Sherstneva A.A. , Galchenko A.V. ,   Melodia Vitae
Published: July 2023

Technological progress is rapidly growing, but the side effect of this process is an increase in the anthropogenic impact on the environment. These factors can cause serious ecological problems. Uncontrolled hunting and exploitation of animals leads to the extinction of many species. The widespread use of plastic products results in large amounts of plastic waste that is not biodegradable and breaks up into micro- and nanoplastics. These particles accumulate in living organisms and can cause toxicity. Deforestation (especially of tropical forests) to the needs of urbanization and agriculture leads to climate change and extinction of many species of plants and animals. Industrial development and farming cause the large production of greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4). This leads to a greenhouse effect and climate change. Waste of metallurgical, chemical, pharmaceutical industries, as well as household waste, enters the environment in large quantities, contaminating it. A large number of chemical elements, including post-transition metals, can be considered as anthropogenic pollutants. The purpose of this manuscript was to overview the facts of environmental pollution with post-transition metals. These metals are naturally present in the Earth's crust, however, their use in the industrial cycle has significantly increased their release into the environment. Many of them are emitted to the environment during the combustion of coal and oil, use and disposal of products, as the waste from industrial plants. Extensive pollution of water, soil, and air has been discovered. The accumulation of metals in living organisms is risky since in this way they become a component of the food chain and have a toxic effect on organisms. To date, some sources of pollution are already being restricted, e.g., more environmentally friendly alternatives are chosen, the use of leaded gasoline, Pb or Sn paints in many countries are limited. Some elements, such as Ga, In, Tl, became especially widespread with the development of the electronics. Given the exponential growth of this industry and the lack of eco-friendly recycling ways, severe environmental pollution by these metals may develop. To date, it already occurs in areas of e-waste in some countries, such as Ghana, Nigeria, India, where the accumulation of Ga, In, Tl is found not only in the environment, but also in plants, animals, and people. Increased emissions of industrial untreated waste can lead to acute toxic stress for the entire planet. The development of optimal methods for the production and utilization of these metals and their compounds is crucial in order to preserve the biosphere.
МИКРОЭЛЕМЕНТЫ В ТЕРАПИИ И ПРОФИЛАКТИКЕ СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТЫХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ
Authors:   Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М.Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет), Намиот Е.Д. , Морозова Г.Д. ,   Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М.Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет), Цибулина А.А. ,   АНО «Центр биотической медицины», Лапин И.И. ,   Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М.Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)
Published: July 2023

В последнее время значительно вырос интерес к изучению роли химических элементов в развитии различных заболеваний, в том числе сердечно-сосудистых. В связи с мультифакториальностью и сложным патогенезом сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний можно предполагать наличие связи между уровнями микроэлементов в организме и риском развития заболевания. Имеется множество данных о роли цинка, меди, селена, железа, кальция в различных механизмах развития артериальной гипертензии, хронической сердечной недостаточности, инфаркта миокарда, атеросклероза, инсулинорезистентности. Цель работы – анализ литературных источников, в которых приведены клиническое применение различных микроэлементов, способы оценки эффективности коррекции и выявления нарушений элементного состава. Рассмотрены непосредственные клинические испытания, в которых тем или иным образом фигурировал элементный статус у больных с сердечнососудистыми заболеваниями или имеющих осложнения со стороны сердца и сосудов. Для поиска использовался один из крупнейших регистров клинических исследований clinicaltrials.gov. Поиск выполнялся по словам “Cardiovascular Disease” в поле “Condition or disease” и “trace elements”, “micronutrient”, “disorders”, “component” в поле “other”. Сохранялись испытания, в которых микроэлементы использовались в качестве превенции, и/или оценивался элементный статус на фоне сердечно-сосудистых патологий. В окончательную выборку вошли 104 клинических испытания, которые были разделены в зависимости от фазы и статуса, а затем исследуемой патологии. В ходе исследования обнаружено, что наибольшее число клинических испытаний направлено на предотвращение развития сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (26%). Острый коронарный синдром и диабет оказались среди наиболее часто исследуемых патологий (17 и 12% соответственно). Среди наиболее часто исследуемых элементов рассматривались кальций (21%), хром (10%), а также селен (10%). Результаты указывают на превалирование стандартных методов терапии в клинической практике, тогда как роль микроэлементов часто воспринимается второстепенной. Исследователи отмечают значительную разницу между доклинической и клинической стадиями, что связано с непоследовательностью в оценке эффекта новой терапии, а также критериями, которые не могут быть экстраполированы на реальную врачебную практику.
Factors Affecting Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE): Meta Analysis
Authors: HANİF Muhammad Nauman
Published: July 2023

Nitrogen (N) is an essential and limiting nutrient for crop production, as it is a structural part of plants and is involved in various processes. Worldwide, agricultural soils lack one or more essential nutrients, and nitrogen is one of them. Adding a sufficient amount of N will increase production. However, the overuse of N and loss of N from the soil-plant system is detrimental to the environment and results in economic losses. Nitrogen has reactive forms like ammonia, ammonium, nitrate, nitrite, nitric oxide, and nitrous oxide. Some reactive forms of N are harmful to humans, animals, plants, and microbial ecology. Nitrate can cause the eutrophication of surface water and contamination of groundwater. Drinking nitrate-contaminated water can cause methemoglobinemia and other health issues. Nitrous oxide emission depletes the ozone layer and contributes to climate change. Ammonia emissions contribute to acid rain and are also responsible for nitrous oxide emissions. This review addresses different factors/pathways/circumstances that contribute to the loss of N from the soil-plant system and reduce nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). Different factors influence NUE like ammonia volatilization, nitrification, denitrification, immobilization, leaching, runoff, temperature, soil pH, soil texture, rainfall and irrigation, soil salinity, tillage, weeds, pests, diseases, N loss from plants, fires, crop rotation, crop nutrition, crop varieties, and nitrogen management (right time, right source, right place, and right rate/amount).
Yerli Ürün Satın Alma Niyetinin Tüketici Etnosentrizmine Etkisinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: AYTOP Yeşim , ÇETİNKAYA Semiha , DEĞİRMENCİ Buse Ilgın
Published: July 2023

Çalışmada yerli malı ürün satın alma niyetinin tüketici etnosentrizmine etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda 2022 yılının Şubat-Mayıs ayları arasında Türkiye genelinde 600 kişi ile anket yapılarak veriler toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistiklerden yararlanılmıştır. Ayrıca yerli malı ürün satın alma niyetinin tüketici etnosentrizmine etkisini ölçmek amacıyla Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli (YEM)’nden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda tüketicilerin çok az bir kısmının tüketici etnosentrizmi kavramını bildiği (% 11.83) belirlenmiştir. Tüketicilerin % 30.17’si her zaman, % 36.67’si ise bazen tüketici etnosentrizmi gösterdiklerini bildirmişlerdir. YEM modeline göre, yerli malı ürün satın alma niyeti üzerinde; milliyetçilik, yerli ürün ve menşei ülke faktörlerinin etkili olduğu, tüketici etnosentrizmi üzerinde yerli malı ürün satın alma niyeti, yerli ürün ve menşei ülke faktörünün etkili olduğu bulunmuştur. Bu çalışma ile Türkiye’deki tüketicilerin yerli ürün satın alma davranışlarının ve etnosentrizm düzeylerinin belirlenmesi, ulusal ve uluslararası pazarlarda yer alan aktörlere yol gösterici nitelikte olup izlemesi gereken politikaların ve pazarlama stratejilerinin belirlenmesi açısından önem arz etmektedir.
Effects of PEG-Induced Drought Stress and Different Boron Levels on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth Characteristics in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.)
Authors: SARI Duygu
Published: July 2023

In the present study, the drought tolerance potential of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) seeds under different boron (B) levels were assessed. One chickpea (Azkan) and one lentil cultivar (Sahan) were selected for the genetic material. To provide drought condition, different level of polyethylene glycol solution (PEG 6000) was applied to seeds. Germination experiments were performed under PEG-induced stress to create water potentials of 0 (control), -2, and -4 MPa. Then, boron was applied as H3BO3 at 0 (control), 5, and 10 mM. The effects of these abiotic stresses were determined with the measurement parameters of germination rate and root traits. Drought stress adversely affected germination rate and seedling growth characteristics in chickpea and lentil. Especially, seed germination rate is extremely reduced by increased levels of drought stress. An increase in PEG levels from 0 to -4 MPa drastically decreased root and shoot width, and shoot length in chickpea whereas they did not generate a significant difference in seedling growth traits except for root width in lentil. Additionally, the results showed that increasing B treatments decreased the germination rate in both chickpea and lentil. The low concentration of B (5 mM) increased root and shoot length; however, a remarkable decrease was observed in root and shoot growth traits at the highest concentration of B (10 mM). The overall findings show that germination and seedling growth parameters were greatly inhibited by different concentrations of PEG and > 10 mM B levels for chickpea and lentil production.
Tütün Yetiştiriciliğinde Tarım İlaçları Kullanımı ve Üreticilerin Zirai Mücadele Bilinç Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi: Çelikhan Tütünü Örneği, Türkiye
Authors: AYDOĞAN Mehmet , BARAN Mert
Published: July 2023

Adıyaman ilinin Çelikhan ilçesinde yetiştirilen coğrafi işaretli Çelikhan tütünü bölge için önemli bir tarımsal faaliyet ve gelir kaynağıdır. Tütün yetiştiriciliğinde fideliklerden hasat aşamasına kadar birçok aşamasında pestisitlerin yoğun kullanımı başta kalıntı sorunu olmak üzere insan ve çevre sağlığı üzerinde olumsuz etkilere neden olmaktadır. Bu sebeple tütün yetiştiriciliğinde pestisit kullanımı ve üreticilerin zirai mücadele bilinç düzeylerinin belirlenmesine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Çalışmada tütün yetiştiriciliğinde kullanılan pestisitlerin miktar ve kullanım şekilleri ile çiftçilerin zirai mücadele bilinç düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma materyalini, Çelikhan ilçesinde tütün yetiştiren 94 çiftçiden anketlerle elde edilen veriler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma sonucunda, çiftçilerin zirai mücadele bilinç düzeylerinin % 44.0’ünün düşük, % 45.0’inin orta ve % 11.0’ının yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca çiftçilerin uygulama öncesi, uygulama esnası ve sonrasındaki bilinç düzeyleri arasında farklılık olup, çiftçilerin zirai mücadele öncesinde kurallara daha sıkı uydukları tespit edilmiştir. Çiftçiler tarım ilaçlarının insan sağlığı, çevre sağlığı ve biyoçeşitlilik üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri konusunda fikir sahibi olmalarına rağmen geleneksel uygulamalardan vazgeçmeyerek hatalı uygulamalar yapmaya devam etmektedirler. Bölgede planlanan tarımsal eğitim ve yayım çalışmalarında, tarım ilaçlarının olumsuz etkilerini çiftçilere aktaran eğitim içeriklerinin görsellerle desteklenmesi ve zirai ilaç kullanımında reçeteye bağlı ilaç kullanımının sıkı bir şekilde takip edilmesi sorunun çözümüne yardımcı olabilir. Diğer taraftan Çelikhan tütününün yapraklarının doğrudan tüketilmesi, kalıntı sorununu ortaya çıkarmakta ve tütünde pestisit kalıntısı ve insan sağlığına etkilerine yönelik ileri çalışmalara ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır.
Tüketicilerin Biber Salçası Tüketim Tercihlerini Etkileyen Unsurlar: Osmaniye-Bahçe İlçesi Örneği, Türkiye
Authors: TAPKI Nuran , SAÇMALIOĞLU Ayşem
Published: July 2023

Bu çalışmada, Osmaniye ili Bahçe ilçesinde biber salçası tüketimi, tüketim tercihleri ve biber salçası tüketiminde etkili olan unsurlar ele alınmış; ayrıca, biber salçası tüketiminin bazı sosyo-ekonomik özellikler ile ilişkisi incelenmiştir. Araştırmada olasılıklı olmayan örnekleme yöntemlerinden Kolayda Örnekleme Yöntemi kullanılarak 160 aile üyesi ile anket yapılmıştır. Biber salçası temini ile annenin çalışma durumu ve ailenin yaşam yeri arasındaki ilişki ki-kare analizi ile ortaya konulmuştur. Biber salçası temininde dikkate alınan unsurlar, 5’li likert ölçeği kullanılarak incelenmiş ve mod bulunarak analiz edilmiştir. Tüketicilerin biber salçası satın alırken dikkat ettiği hususlar ile bazı sosyo-ekonomik özellikler arasındaki ilişkilerin tespitinde Kruskal-Wallis testi ve Mann Whitney-U testleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, biber salçasını dışarıdan satın alanların biber salçasının koyu renkli olması ve taze olması ile cinsiyet arasında ve kıvamının iyi olması ile aylık gelir arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ambalajı salçayı koruma sağladığı için gerekli gören tüketicilerin tamamı ambalajlı biber salçasını tercih ederken, biber salçasını görerek satın almak isteyen tüketicilerin tamamı ise korumayı önemsemeden paketsiz biber salçasını tercih etmişlerdir.
Bean Common Mosaic Potyvirus (BCMV) Characterized from Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Crops Affected by Mosaic Disease in Denizli Province, Türkiye
Authors: USTA Mustafa , GÜLLER Abdullah
Published: July 2023

Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the world's oldest crops with both financial and nutritional importance. Bean common mosaic potyvirus (BCMV) is one of the prevalent viral agents that affect beans across the globe. Determining the presence of the agent in the relevant region is critical for minimizing crop losses by implementing appropriate preventive and control measures. In this study, 73 bean leaf samples were collected from bean-growing areas in the Denizli province of Türkiye in 2022. The samples were screened for the presence of viral agents using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with specific primers targeting the polypeptide gene. 26 of the bean samples were found to be positive for BCMV. The coat protein gene sequences of two randomly selected positive isolates were sequenced and deposited in the GenBank with accession numbers OQ910196 and OQ910197. The nucleotide sequences of isolates were found to have high similarity with those of isolates identified in various regions of the world. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that these isolates from Denizli, Türkiye were closely related to other Turkish isolates. However, since some Turkish isolates in the cluster associated with the Denizli isolates were identified as belonging to the US-5 or NL-6 strain, the current sequences may be related to these strains. Further research is necessary to identify the exact strain of the Denizli isolates, which could be achieved through the use of a strain differentiation set.
Preliminary tests of a Diesel engine powered by diesel and hydrogen
Authors: Longwic Rafał , Tatarynow Dawid , Kuszneruk Michal , Wozniak-Borawska Gracjana
Published: July 2023

This article discusses the possibilities of powering a commonly used diesel engine with renewable fuels. It analyses scientific studies that clearly indicate that the use of hydrogen is a potentially future-proof option due to its potential to reduce specific fuel consumption and improve performance and increase thermal efficiency. The research was carried out on a laboratory bench designed to test a diesel engine fueled by different fuels. A proprietary hydrogen injection system with dedicated control software was used. Hydrogen injection pressures of 1,5, 1,8, 2,0 MPa and hydrogen injector opening times of 2,5, 3,0, 3,5 ms, respectively, were set as control parameters. The rapidly varying engine operating parameters were recorded and the parameters calculated from them were analysed.
Anonymous and Separable Hedonic Coalition Formation Games: Nash Stability Under Different Membership Rights
Authors: Karakaya Mehmet , Özbilen Seçkin
Published: July 2023

We consider hedonic coalition formation games. A hedonic coalition formation game is a pair which consists of a finite set of agents and a list of agents’ preferences such that each agent has preferences over all coalitions containing her. We study the existence of a Nash stable partition under different membership rights for anonymous and separable hedonic coalition formation games. We prove that for anonymous and separable hedonic games, the existence of a Nash stable partition is always guaranteed when the membership rights are Free Exit-Approved Entry or Approved Exit-Free Entry, but the existence of a Nash stable partition is not guaranteed when the membership rights are Free Exit-Free Entry. We also analyze the relation of the anonymity and separability with the other sufficient conditions which guarantee the existence of a Nash stable partition under different membership rights.
G20 Ülkeleri Arasında Kişi Başı Enerji Tüketiminde Yakınsama Hipotezi Geçerli Mi Nahar-Inder Testi nden Bulgular
Authors: Karademir Cihat , Felek Şencan , Ceylan Reşat
Published: July 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 1965-2021 döneminde G-20 ülkelerinde kişi başı birincil enerji tüketim düzeylerinin yakınsama davranışı sergileyip sergilemediğini incelemektir. Yakınsama analizinde, Bernard ve Durlauf (1996)’dan hareketle ADF birim kök testi ve incelenen serilerde birim kökün var olması halinde bile yakınsama davranışının gerçekleşebileceğini ifade eden Nahar-Inder (2002) testi kullanılmaktadır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, ADF birim kök testinde iki ülke yakınsama davranışı sergilerken, Nahar-Inder (2002) tekniğine göre 16 ülkede yakınsama davranışı gözlemlenmiştir. Buradan hareketle, Nahar-Inder (2002) tekniğinin ADF birim kök testine göre daha güçlü sonuçlar verdiği görülmektedir. Ayrıca elde edilen yakınsama bulguları, enerji entegrasyonuna yönelik geliştirilecek politikaların başarı oranının yüksek olacağını göstermektedir. Bu doğrultuda çalışmanın politika önerileri arasında uluslararası anlaşmaların yaygınlaştırılması, yaptırım gücünü artıracak kurumların oluşturulması ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerin enerji kullanımında yeşil dönüşümü gerçekleştirmelerine destek olacak bir uluslararası parasal bir fonun kurulması yer almaktadır.
Examination of the Existence of Month of the Year, Day Effect of the Week, and Seasonal Anomalies in Gold Futures Contracts: The Case of Turkey
Authors: Karataş Elçiçek Yasemin
Published: July 2023

This study aims to examine the existence of the month of the year effect, the day of the week effect, and seasonal anomalies in the return of gold futures contracts traded in the Borsa Istanbul Derivatives Market (BIST-VIOP) in the period of 02.09.2013 - 30.11.2022 through the Autoregressive Moving Average Models (ARMA)(2,2) and Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedastic (GARCH)(1,1) model. According to the results, positive returns were found on other days except Thursday from the model examining the relationship between the gold futures contract and the day of the week effect, positive returns were found in January and March from the model results examining the relationship between the gold futures contract and the month of the year effect, and positive as well as statistically significant returns were found in other seasons except for summer from the model examining the relationship between the gold futures contract and seasonal anomalies.
State-sensitive event-triggered path following control of autonomous ground vehicles
Authors: Sun Hong-Tao , Huang Jinming , Chen Zhi , Wang Zhiwen
Published: July 2023

This paper investigates an improved event-triggered control based on the perception of state measurement for path following control of autonomous ground vehicles. Firstly, in order to regulate the event-triggered thresholds dynamically, a barrier-like function is first used to develop such a novel state-sensitive event-triggered communication (SS-ETC) scheme. Different from the existing variable-threshold ETC schemes, the proposed SS-ETC incorporates the state measurements directly in the event threshold adjustment, eliminating the need for additional terms or dynamics introduced in previous works. Secondly, the networked path following control modeling issues, which include both physical dynamics and the SS-ETC scheme, are characterized by the input delay approach. The controller design method is well derived, ensuring the preservation of input-to-state stability of the path following control system. The main advantage of this paper lies in the proposed SS-ETC, which shows a better trade-off between control and communication. Finally, several simulation experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed event-triggered control scheme.
Microbiomes of Selected Commercial Fufu Grinding Machines, Mortars and Pestles Used at Homes in Ayeduase, A Suburb of Kumasi
Authors: Hagar Serwaa Aboagye , Abigail Achiaa Akoto , Nana Akwasi Amoateng , Daniel Asante Adofo
Published: July 2023

Food safety, which focuses on disease-causing bacteria and their toxins that may contaminate the food, is the essential component of food microbiology. This is why it is crucial to understand the potential contribution of microbes linked to particular diets. In this article we compared microbiomes (bacteria and fungi) of commercial fufu grinding machines, mortars and pestles used at selected homes in Ayeduase, a suburb of Kumasi. Samples were taken from three distinct locations for fufu grinding machines and three different places for traditional procedure using mortar and pestle. Sample collection was done at each site and home twice a day, before work began and after the day’s work. Samples collected from grinding sites were coded G1S1, G1S2, G2S1, G2S2, G3S1 and G3S2, while samples collected from homes were codes T1S1, T1S2, T2S1, T2S2, T3S1 and T3S2. Morphological, biochemical characterization and microscopic identification were done for all the isolates using standard bacteriological methods. Bacteria counts of samples from fufu grinding machines ranged between 7.5X10^11 and 2.73X10^12 CFU/ml, whiles those obtained from mortars and pestles ranged between 2.5X10^11 and 1.96X10^12 CFU/ml. This result showed there was no significant difference between the samples obtained from grinding machines and samples obtained from mortars and pestles statistically (p > 0.05). All twenty-nine pure culture isolates for bacteria sub-culturing were Gram positive from Gram staining. The dominant isolates were Staphylococcus sp. (65.5%), Diplococcus sp. (13.79%), Streptococcus sp. (10.34%) and Bacillus (10.34%). Fungal morphology and identification of samples were also done based on standard identification keys. The dominant fungi genera identified were Trichophyton, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Blastomyces, Cladosporium and Penicillium. This study also concluded that bacteria and fungi genera associated with commercial fufu grinding machines and mortars and pestles are Staphylococcus, Diplococcus, Streptococcus, Bacillus, Trichophyton, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Blastomyces, Cladosporium and Penicillium and that grinding machines have higher numbers of bacteria and fungi as compared to mortars and pestles.
Effect of Fertility Levels and Foliar Nutrition on Performance of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under South-eastern Rajasthan
Authors: Kumar Jat Kamlesh , Kumari Jadon Chaman , Singh Pratap , Ram Baldev , Kumar Yadav Rajendra , Meena C. B.
Published: July 2023

A field experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research station, Ummedganj, Kota, during rabi season in 2021-22 to study the effect of fertility levels and foliar nutrition on growth, yield attributes and yields of chickpea, which was laid out in factorial randomized block design with three replications and comprised four fertility levels (control, 75% RDF, 100% RDF, and 125% RDF) and four foliar nutrition (control, NPK 19:19:19 @0.5%, NPK 17:44:00 @0.5% and NPK 00:52:34@ 0.5% at flower initiation and pod development stage). All the treatments were applied to the chickpea variety GNG-1958. The results reveals that among the various fertility levels, application of 125% RDF significantly increased the growth and yield parameters viz. plant height (cm), number of branches/plant, dry matter accumulation, number of root nodules, dry weight of root nodules, pods/plant, seed yield, straw yield and quality parameters viz. protein content and protein yield over 75% RDF and control but it was found statistically at par with 100% RDF. Similarly, among the foliar nutrition, NPK (19:19:19)@ 0.5% at flower initiation and pod development stage significantly increased the growth, yield and quality parameters viz. plant height (cm), number of branches/plant, dry matter accumulation, pods/plant, seed yield, straw yield, protein content and protein yield closely followed by NPK(17:44:00)over NPK(00:52:34) and control.
Assessment of Dietary Intake and Food Consumption Pattern in the Reproductive Age Group of Women in the Arsenic Prone Area of Ballia District, India
Authors: Gupta Anita , Chakravarty Archana
Published: July 2023

Arsenic, a chemical element, is present in groundwater in many countries, including India, exceeding its permissible limit. Ballia district is also where Arsenic level is found, with more than 50 ppb in groundwater. Long-term exposure to Arsenic from drinking water and contaminated foods are associated with various type of cancer, skin lesions, Cardiovascular Disease, diabetes, kidney and liver-related problems, and many other problems. Arsenic contamination has also been found in irrigated crops such as rice, pulses, green vegetables, and fruits grown in arsenic-affected areas. Rice has found with a high level of Arsenic contamination. It is known that the good health of an individual depends on a good diet, and only good health gives the power to fight against various diseases. The good health of women is an indicator of a healthy and developed nation because the health of their children and the whole family depends on the good health of women. This cross-sectional observational study studied the dietary pattern and BMI levels of 400 women from Arsenic affected area of the Ballia district. The results showed that most of the respondents were non-vegetarian females, and their BMI level was found in the obese category, which considers a significant factor in the prevalence of chronic diseases. Obesity and Arsenicosis were found to be interrelated with each other. Therefore, the problem of growing obesity in women and the knowledge of a good diet are significant, which can help reduce the risk of Arsenic.
Purification and Kinetics of Cholesterol Oxidase from Penicillium chrysogenum
Authors: El Zawawy Nessma M. , S. Yousef Mohammed , El Shora Hamed M. , A. Metwally Metwally , Metwally Sally M
Published: July 2023

Cholesterol oxidase (CO) was purified from P. chyrsogenum by 85% ammonium sulphate precipitation, DEAE-Cellulose and Sephadex G-200. The final specific activity was 300 units mg-1 protein and 230-fold. CO was purified to homogeneity as indicated by SDS-PAGE which expressed a single band at 43 KDa. The optimal cholesterol concentration was 1mM. Km and Vmax values were 0.53 %w/v and 51.5 Umg-1 protein, respectively. The optimal incubation time for enzyme catalysis was 15 min. The optimal temperature was 40oC and the optimal pH was 7. At 1 mM and 5mM Ca+2 activated CO whereas Cu+2, mg+2, Hg+2, B+2, and Fe+2 inhibited CO activity. Hg+2 was the most potent inhibitor which abolished 69.1% and 86.8% a t 1 mM and 5 mM, respectively. Ethylenediaminetetra acetate (EDTA), ethyleneglycoltetra acetate (EGTA), 0-phenanthroline and α-α-dipyridyl inhibited CO activity with IC50 of 9.7, 7.6, 20.8 and14.2 mM, respectively indicating that CO is a metalloenzyme. N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), dansyl chloride (DnsCl), N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) and diethylpyrocarbonate (DEPC) and butandione (BD) inhibited CO of from P. chrysogenum in concentration-dependent manner with IC50 values 5.1, 5.8, 6.7, 8.1 and 8.2 mM, respectively indicating the essentiality of sulfhydryl, lysyl, histidyl, tryptophanyl and arginyl groups, respectively.
Detoxification of Sewage Sludge by Natural Attenuation and its Application as a Fertilizer-A Review
Authors: Tiwari Soni , Pandey Prabhash Kumar , Singh Ranjan , Patel Ajad , Pandey Laxmi Kant , Sobin Femina , Khare Neeraj , Verma Tuhina , Jamal Farrukh , Yadav Janardan , Gaur Rajeeva
Published: July 2023

Sewage sludge generated from the waste-water treatment systems can play an essential role as fertilizers in the agriculture system. Sewage sludges have hazardous toxic materials; therefore, their application is minimal. Proper dumping of sludge produced via waste-water treatment plants (WWTP) has been categorized as severe ecological trouble and a feasible option to be used in farming formerly sewage sludge is affluent in natural substance and nutrients. On the other hand, sewage sludge contains various toxic agents therefore special attention is required for its application in farming to evade any harm to the organisms as well as to the environment. Controlled and well monitored process of natural attenuation (biological, physical, and chemical processes) which is a part of the environment can detoxify the toxic substances present in the sewage sludges. This review will lead the readers towards the assessment of different processes used for the decontaminating sewage sludge naturally.
Specific Features of Pancreas and Blood Enzymes Adaptation to Food Quality in Case of High Air Temperature and Insolation
Authors: Mirzarakhimova Marina Anvarjanovna
Published: July 2023

The influence of the diet with the increased protein content on the pancreatic enzymes’ secretion and ferment homeostasis in case of high air temperature (37°-40°С) and insolation have been studied. The results of investigation showed that the increase of proteolithic activity of pancreatic tissue occurs in experimental rats with a high proteins diet in the conditions of high air temperature and insolation. High proteins diet reduces inhibitory influence of high air temperature and insolation on the secretion of amilaza and lipaza in the pancreas of experimental rats.
Are Insects Really Important in Nature?
Authors: Ghosh Ipsita , Debnath Pranab
Published: July 2023

Insect, belonging to the phylum arthopoda is a tiny six-legged invertebrate animal. They have achieved phenomenal success in both the terms of species richness and abundance. Around 66% of all species now recognised are insects which makes up more than 75% of the world's biodiversity today. As we treat insects as potential pests, their ecological significance is frequently overlooked. But they have various roles in nature including ecosystem cycling, biocontrol agent, pollination, decomposition. In many countries insects are used as human food which contributes significantly to the consumption of animal proteins. Here we will discuss about various functions done by insects in nature.
MNREGA: Socio-Economic Profile of the Respondents in Basti District, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: O. P. Yadav Rajmani , A. K. Singh A. K. Singh
Published: July 2023

The study was conducted in purposively selected two development blocks of Basti and Saltua Gopalapur in district Basti. From the above related blocks 10 villages selected for the study selected randomly in the light ie. specific objectives. Thus, finally 120 respondents were selected for the study. The data were collected through personal interview method collected data were analysed. Majority of the respondents belong to adult age group followed by young and old age group. Out of 120 respondents 57.5 per cent belong to scheduled caste and remaining 37.5 per cent belong to backward caste and 5.0 per cent general caste of the other caste received benefits from the scheme. Most of the respondents were Primary School 44.167 per cent followed by Primary school, can sign only, Junior High School, Intermediate, and Graduation level to the extent 21.67, 15, 8.33, 6.67 and 4.1167 per cent respectively. Maximum benefits 51.67 per cent respondents Mixed house and followed by Paccha house and Kaccha house 26.67& 21.66 per cent respectively. Majority 65 per cent respondents shall exist under single family system 35 per cent family were found joint type of family. Majority of the respondents belong to the small size family (upto 5 members) i.e. 66.67 per cent followed by 28.33 per cent medium family (6 to 8 member) and large family (above 8 member) 5 per cent. Maximum 36.67 per cent belong to Agriculture + Dairying 33.33 per cent agriculture labours and only 30 per cent non agriculture labours. Majority 60.83 per cent were found non – affiliated with any organization while 26.67 per cent and 12.5 per cent respondents has the membership of more than one organization. Majority 47.5 per cent had medium income level followed by high income level 31.67 per cent and 14.16 per cent low and 6.67 high incomes (up to 12000 and above 20000 respectively).
To Study Activity of Fosfomycin Against Extended Spectrum Beta- Lactamases in Uropathogens in a Tertiary Level Maternity Hospital of Western Rajasthan
Authors: Ashopa Vishakha , Gupta Ekta , Gupta Eshank , Beelwal Anjali , Prakash Prabhu
Published: July 2023

Urinary tract infections are the most important healthcare complications experienced in medicine and urology. Unfortunately, besides B-lactams, the Extended spectrum beta lactam producing Gram negative uropthogens causing UTI have become associated with resistance to other antibiotics such as aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones etc. The use of old antibiotic such as Fosfomycin been introduced again in the field of therapeutic. The present study was conducted prospectively in the Department of Microbiology, Jodhpur, Rajasthan. Over a period of 6 months. Mid-stream morning urine samples were collected aseptically. Semi quantitative culture was done on UTI HICROME Agar. Results: In present study time 2000 (40.97%) urine sample were received, out of which 1511 (75.55%) were culture positive, 300 (15%) were sterile and 189 (9.45%) were insignificant bacterial count, Gram negative bacilli were 1100 (72.79%), Gram positive cocci were 411 (27.200%). Among GNB isolates Escherichia coli 501 (45.54%) was the most common isolate followed by Klebseilla spp.189 (17.18%), Citrobacter spp. were 130(11.81%), Pseudomonas spp.120 (10.90%), Aceinatobacter spp.110 (10%) and Proteus spp. were 50 (4.54%). Age-wise distribution 20-29 years (60.36%) group was the most common. Fosfomycin was the most sensitive antibiotic was reported. The culture and Antibiotic sensitivity testing (AST) of uropathogens should be done. Fosfomycin found to be suggesting that it could be used as empiric monotherapy for uncomplicated UTIs.