bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modelo contextualizado de inclusión educativa
Authors: Aguinaga-Doig Silvia , Velazquez-Tejeda Miriam Encarnación , Rimari-Arias Miguel
Published: November 2018

La presente investigación sistematiza los referentes teóricos y metodológicos de la educación inclusiva y su incidencia en la formación integral de niñas y niños estudiantes de la educación inicial. Responde a un llamado del Ministerio de Educación de Perú dirigido a realizar propuestas para transformar la práctica del docente desde el programa de maestría cursado en la Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola. La metodología utilizada es cualitativa educacional de tipo aplicada, se vale de los procesos cualitativos y cuantitativos que ayudan a obtener la información, analizarla, interpretarla e identificar las categorías emergentes para proponer la transformación. Se emplean diferentes métodos, técnicas e instrumentos que como parte del diagnóstico de campo permitieron constatar el estado actual del fenómeno investigado en la práctica pedagógica. El estudio aborda los referentes teóricos acerca del enfoque de sistema, el socioformativo, el sociocultural y la didáctica general que le dan rigor científico a la propuesta. Como resultado se propone un modelo educativo que integra, desde la gestión y el liderazgo compartido, un sistema de estímulos conducidos por especialistas en permanente aprendizaje, que se concreta en acciones inclusivas orientadas al trabajo cooperativo y desarrollo temprano de las técnicas de intervención a favor del alumnado. Finalmente, se propicia el fortalecimiento de las habilidades diferentes al reorganizarse las aulas con mayor espacio que facilita la realización de las actividades pedagógicas más creativas y estimulantes.
Cómo luchar contra microorganismos resistentes a medicamentos Difusión de conocimientos científicos en una escuela secundaria
Authors: Pérez Cristina , Farah Ezequiel , Rulli Florencia
Published: November 2018

En este artículo se da cuenta de una actividad docente que incluye difusión científica en una escuela secundaria municipal de la ciudad de Buenos Aires (Argentina). En ella se relacionaron las áreas de biología y química con el alumnado de primero, segundo y cuarto años. Se realizó un repaso e integración de algunos conocimientos seleccionados; luego se agregaron contenidos de las disciplinas universitarias farmacología y microbiología, así como datos científicos generados por nuestro equipo de investigación de la Universidad de Buenos Aires y el Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Se diseñaron clases teóricas y trabajos prácticos interactivos adecuados a los temas tratados y al laboratorio escolar. El tema central incluyó infecciones comunes en adolescentes como las producidas por hongos. Considerados stos, se derivó luego a Candida albicans, su importancia clínica, diagnóstico, observación por microscopía óptica, tratamiento, etc. Se informó acerca del problema de la resistencia de microorganismos a medicamentos, sus mecanismos, su relevancia terapéutica y la necesidad de investigar sobre estrategias para luchar contra ella. A continuación, se dieron ejemplos de avances científicos recientes relacionados con la reversión de la resistencia de Candida albicans a medicamentos de tipo azol, producida por una sustancia abreviada como 6PP y extraída de la leguminosa Dalea elegans en Argentina. Se enriqueció el currículo escolar, con novedosa apertura a la ciencia real relacionada con la medicina y la bioquímica. Se promovió el cuidado de la salud en la comunidad educativa.
Consideraciones para la formación continua de personal docente universitario
Authors: Alanís Jiménez José Francisco
Published: November 2018

Este artículo inicia con un apartado de antecedentes en el que se profundiza sobre el término “formación” y se plantea el objetivo metodológico de “Identificar elementos relevantes para docentes de universidad en relación con dispositivos de formación continua no formal, representándoles a través de un esquema que muestre su articulación con base en el análisis de datos empíricos”. En un siguiente apartado sobre referentes conceptuales se explica de qué manera se pretende generar conocimiento a partir de la reconstrucción articulada propuesta por Zemelman, así como de la teoría fundamentada (Strauss y Corbin). En otro apartado sobre la vía metódica se describe cómo fue recogida la información, principalmente a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas con ocho participantes y dos personas de coordinación de este tipo de dispositivos, distribuidas en tres rondas a lo largo de 22 meses. Un apartado posterior presenta los resultados que perfilan seis conceptos ordenadores: agencia, mercadización, proletarización, introyección, resistencia y procesos formativos. Se aportan ejemplos para ilustrar cada uno, así como un esquema de las relaciones entre sí. Por último, en el apartado de conclusiones, se presentan las consideraciones consecuentes para favorecer los procesos formativos de quienes ejercen la docencia universitaria, tales como el respeto a su diversidad de posturas, contrapeso a los excesos de la mercadización y orientación hacia la autonomía formativa. También se mencionan alternativas para gestar cambios a través de prácticas específicas en las aulas, pautas para la estructura organizativa en las universidades y una propuesta para influir en la cultura educativa desde la función social asignada a la universidad.
El cálculo diferencial e integral en una variable en la formación inicial de docentes de matemática en Costa Rica
Authors: Fonseca Castro Jennifer Liseth , Alfaro Carvajal Cristian Roberto
Published: November 2018

El cálculo diferencial e integral está presente en la mayoría de los planes de estudios de distintas carreras universitarias vinculadas a las ciencias exactas y naturales en Costa Rica. Las reflexiones sobre el qué, cómo y para qué enseñar cálculo han estimulado el estudio de esta área desde distintas aristas. En Costa Rica, personal académico e investigador de las universidades estatales encargadas de la formación de docentes de matemática para el futuro, se han dado a la tarea de revisar y plantear modificaciones a los cursos de matemática, en particular los de cálculo diferencial e integral en una variable. En este sentido, este trabajo resume las perspectivas de autoridades administrativas de las escuelas de matemática de las universidades antes mencionadas, del personal docente de matemática de dichas instituciones con experiencia en la enseñanza del cálculo diferencial e integral y de estudiantado avanzado de la carrera de Enseñanza de la Matemática de la Universidad Nacional (UNA) de Costa Rica sobre los propósitos, el enfoque, la metodología y los temas de mayor dificultad en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje del cálculo diferencial e integral en una variable en la preparación de docentes de matemática en formación inicial. Los datos se obtuvieron mediante entrevistas, cuestionarios y talleres con las autoridades administrativas de las escuelas de matemática de las universidades estatales, así como con el personal docente de matemática de dichas instituciones y estudiantado avanzado de la carrera de Enseñanza de la Matemática de la UNA. En cuanto a los principales resultados, se detectaron como temas con mayor dificultad en la enseñanza-aprendizaje del cálculo diferencial e integral aquellos en los existían mayores requerimientos conceptuales y de razonamiento matemático, por ejemplo, los problemas de optimización y de razones de cambio relacionadas; así como la demostración de teoremas. En relación con el uso de resolución de problemas, el personal docente lo considera importante en la construcción de conceptos matemáticos; no obstante, lo enfoca en la práctica de forma rutinaria, al finalizar un tema. Se espera que los insumos de esta investigación sirvan de fundamento en las reformas curriculares en la formación de las futuras generaciones de docentes de matemática.
La educación secundaria mexicana: Entre la búsqueda del acceso equitativo y el rezago
Authors: Ducoing Watty Patricia
Published: November 2018

Este trabajo representa un acercamiento a la situación de la educación secundaria mexicana, la cual ha venido experimentando, en las últimas décadas, una tensión entre la ampliación de la cobertura para todos los grupos adolescentes en edad de cursarla, y el rezago, caracterizado por varios indicadores, tales como el abandono, la reprobación, la repetición de curso y la extra edad, entre otros. De cara a la pobreza y la desigualdad, el Estado mexicano enfrenta el gran reto de continuar ampliando la cobertura para garantizar el acceso equitativo al nivel y la mejora de la calidad, a través de políticas educativas y sociales que logren concretar progresos sustanciales en esta directriz.
Synthetic cannabinoid and synthetic cathinone use in Hungary: A literature review
Authors: Kapitány-Fövény M , Rácz J
Published: November 2018

Purpose

In the past decade, novel psychoactive substances (NPSs) gained a significant role on the contemporary drug scene. Synthetic cathinones and synthetic cannabinoids are the most common NPSs both in Hungary and worldwide. This study aims to provide a literature review on the Hungarian characteristics related to the use of these NPSs.

Materials and methods

Available literature regarding synthetic cathinone and cannabinoid use in Hungary was overviewed and structured into (a) epidemiological studies, (b) studies on the subjective and somatic effects, and (c) studies on toxicity and adverse consequences. Published papers between 2007 and 2017 were identified using PubMed and MATARKA search engines.

Results

One hundred twenty-six papers were identified and after exclusion, 54 papers remained for in-depth analysis. Most of the reviewed studies were providing epidemiological information regarding the NPSs of our interest. Hungarian prevalence rates were not higher than the European averages. Identified risks of these NPSs consisted of drug-induced psychosis, further severe psychiatric symptoms, and fatal overdose. Injecting of cathinones was also a commonly reported phenomenon, mostly among clients of needle-exchange programs.

Conclusion

Based on the reviewed body of research, necessary information is available to plan effective prevention and intervention programs and establishes specific therapeutic guidelines for the treatment of NPS users.
The survey of expression levels of virulent genes in Salmonella strains isolated in retail meats in Hanoi
Authors: Hoai Thu Nguyen Thi , Viet Nguyen Thanh , Minh Nghiem Ngoc , Bich Thuy Vo Thi
Published: November 2018

Salmonella is one of the major causes of food poisoning worldwide, especially in developing countries. The virulence of Salmonella is a complex process involving between their virulence factors and the host defenses. The purpose of this study was to detect virulent genes and to assess the level of expression of these genes in five Salmonella strains (including Enteritidis, Albany, Typhimurium, Hadar, and Derby), which were isolated from meat samples at the retail markets in Hanoi. As a result, Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium were 100% positive with seven virulent genes, e.g., spiA, spvB, sitC, sifA, sipB, pagC, and invA genes. Salmonella Hadar and Salmonella Derby positive with six genes, except spvB, whereas Salmonella Albany was positive with only the pagC gene. The comparision of the expression levels of these seven virulent genes and the 16S rRNA control gene showed a significantly difference among Salmonella strains (P<0.05). The result of gene expression of seven virulent genes indicate that Salmonella Hadar has the highest gene expression, followed by Salmonella Enteritidis, Salmonella Derby, Salmonella Typhimurium and finally Salmonella Albany. The results of molecular biology analysis will provide additional data on the expression of virulent genes in Salmonella strains isolated from retail meats in Hanoi.
Probe design for exploiting gene encoding pectinesterase from dna metagenome data of bacteria in goat rumen and co-expression of gpecs1 gen with chaperone pg-kje8 in Escherichia coli
Authors: Hoang Viet Nguyen Khanh , Huyen Do Thi , Lam Le Tung , Lan Phung Thi , Nguyet Phung Thu , Tien Nguyen Thuy , Hai Truong Nam
Published: November 2018

This article introduces the steps of constructing and using probe to exploit the gene encoding pectinesterase from metagenome DNA sequencing data by next generation gene sequencing tools. Probe was used to exploit and select the gene encoding for pectinesterase from the metagenome DNA sequences of bacteria in goat rumen and thereby select a sequence to express in E. coli. According to the CAZy classification system, pectinesterase belongs to the family of carbohydrates esterases CE8 is an enzyme that has many applications in the food processing industry, environmental treatment, animal feed processing and medicine. As the results, 3 sequences of CE8 was retrieved from CAZy database and one probe was designed, this probe length was 367 amino acids contained all the conserved amino acid residues: 200 conserved residues in all sequence, 72 residues similar in almost sequences and residues conserved in many sequences and homologus; choosed highest alkalinity index. Using the probe designed, we filtered four coding sequences for pectinesterase from metagenome DNA sequencing data of bacteria in goat rumen. Spatial structure estimation with Phyre2 has only one sequencing (code 46301) with 100% sequence identity and 90% query coverage with pectinesterase. A artificial gene were synthesized and inserted into the vector pET22b (+) at the NcoI, XhoI to co-express with chaperone pG-KJE8 in E. coli. The recombinant pectinesterase enzyme is expressed in soluble form and has a pectin substrate biodegradation activity. The results demonstrate that using probe for gene extraction is feasible.
OPTIMIZED EXTRACTION OF POLYSACCARIDE FROM  Pseuderanthemun caruthersii  (Seem.) Guill. . var. atropurpureum  (Bull.) Fosb
Authors: Bac Vo Hoai , Huong Nguyen Thị Thanh , Truong Le Van
Published: November 2018

Pseuderanthemum carruthersii (Seem.) Guill. var. atropurpureum (Bull.) Fosb is a tree native of Vietnam, this medicinal leaf has a high viscosity that has been used to heal wounds, heal the sores, stop bleeding... Polysaccharide has attracted great attentions for its benefits to human health. Polysaccharide from natural sources have diverse anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant and wound healing activities. Polysaccharide is not only valuable in medicine, also widely used in foodstuffs such as gel thickening or emulsifying agents, emulsifiers, fillers. The polysaccharide content in P. carruthersii var atropurpureum leaves was (11.63 ± 0.375)% in dry weight. The appropriate polysaccharide extraction conditions were determined: water, material/solvent ratio (1g/25ml), extracted temperature of 60°C, extraction time 15 hours. The polysaccharide composition was purified by TCA 10%, with a purity of (71.47 ± 0.94)%.
Safety Assessement And Pharmacological Effect of Algal Oil Omega 3-6 Capsule Rich In Dha, Dpa, Epa From Oil of Heterotrophic Marine Microalga  Schizochytrium mangrovei  TB17 on the Experimental Animals
Authors: Thom Le Thi , Ngan Nguyen Hoang , Hong Dang Diem
Published: November 2018

Recently, heterotrophic marine microalga Schizochytrium mangrovei has been shown to be rich in omega 3-6 fatty acids, mainly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), ecosapentanoic acid (EPA) and docosapentanoic acid (DPA). These fatty acids play an important role on human health. In this article, we presented results of safety assessment and pharmacological effect of Algal Oil Omega 3-6 (AOO-3-6) which made from oil of S. mangrovei TB17 on the experimental animals after 90 days of use. The results of acute toxicity study showed that by oral administration of the AOO-3-6 on white mice at the highest dose of 15.27 g total of DHA, EPA, DPA / kg of whole body of mice/ day (the dosage was 113.63 times higher than the mice dose), the LD50 was not determined. It means that AOO-3-6 capsules was no signs toxicity. At doses of 78.4 mg and 352.8 mg of total of DHA, EPA, DPA/ kg of whole bode of rat/ day (effec-tive dose znd 4.5 times higher than the expected dose) for 90 continuous days on the mice didn’t affect the normal increment of body weight, hematological indices, biochemical indicators; function of liver and kid-ney; histopathology of liver, kidney, spleen of white rats. At the same time, at doses of 134.4 and 403.2 mg total of DHA, EPA and DPA/kg of body weight/day improved the ability to learn, remember on the mice. In addition, it also allowed building its reflexes sustainability in finding food to be faster with shorter reflectance time. As a result, AOO-3-6 capsules are safe and have the ability to improve memory, learning ability on the mouse which can be used for functional food for human health.
Evaluating cytotoxic effect of the extracted compounds from Ehretia asperula Zoll. & Mor stem on several cancer cell lines
Authors: Nguyet Vu Thi , Dat Nguyen Tien , Huong Le Mai , Hong Ha Tran Thi , Chuyen Nguyen Hong , Hang Nguyen Thi , Kim Dang Dinh
Published: November 2018

This paper reports the cytotoxic effect on several cancer cell lines of the stem extracts and of some isolated compounds from Ehretia asperula. All the extracts exhibited cytotoxic effects on at least one cancer cell line. The n-hexane extract showed potent cytotoxic activity on Hep-G2, MCF-7 and HeLa cell lines with IC50 values of 28.3 g/ml, 14.42 g/ml and 18.59 g/ml, respectively, while the methanolic, ethyl acetate and water extracts exhibited toxicity towards MCF-7 cells with IC50 values of 16.45 g/ml, 13.4 g/ml and

39.78 g/ml, respectively.

06 compounds have been isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of Ehretia asperula stem. Methyl caffeate has a strong cytotoxicity against Hep-G2, HeLa and MCF-7 cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 2.83 g/ml, 3.38 g/ml and 4.4 g/ml, respectively. Oresbiusin B was active against Hep-G2 with IC50 value of 9.89 g/ml. The other compounds including coniferaldehyde, 9′-methoxydehydrodiconiferyl alcohol and vanillic acid did not have any cytotoxic effect on the tested cancer cell lines. So, the obtained results have suggested possibility of using the potential Ehretia asperula extracts as health food for preventing and curing cancer diseases.

Keywords: Ehretia asperula, methyl caffeate, oresbiusin B, Cancer cell lines.

Citation: Vu Thi Nguyet, Nguyen Tien Đat, Le Mai Huong, Tran Thi Hong Ha, Nguyen Hong Chuyen, Nguyen Thi Hang4, Đang Đinh Kim, 2018. Evaluating cytotoxic effect of the extracted compounds from ehretia asperula zoll. & mor stem on several cancer cell lines.Tap chi Sinh hoc, 40(2): 145153. https://doi.org/10.15625/0866-7160/v40n2.12955.

*Corresponding author: dangkim.iet@gmail.com
Characteristics of gap regeneration in mangrove forests of Dong Rui, Tien Yen, Quang Ninh
Authors: Hanh Nguyen Hoang , Tuan Mai Sy , Tinh Pham Hong , Hanh Nguyen Thi Hong
Published: November 2018

Field surveys using unmanned aerial vehicle monitoring were conducted in combination with satellite image analysis to evaluate the characteristics of gaps inside mangrove forest vegetation in Dong Rui commune, Tien Yen district, Quang Ninh province as well as the natural regeneration inside these gaps. A total of 15 gaps was located in four survey plots totaling 22,500 m2, among which four different types of mangrove forest communities were found, being dominated by (1) Bruguiera gymnorrhiza; (2) Aegriceras corniculatum, Kandelia obovata, Rhizophora stylosa and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza; (3) Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Rhizophora stylosa; and (4): Aegriceras corniculatum, Kandelia obovata, respectively. Based on observations from 2012 to 2018, changes in regenerated tree densities were similar between gaps with a poor diversity of 2–5 species resembling the composition of the surrounding canopy. In some gaps, species not found in the nearby vegetation were observed with lower densities. Thus, the regeneration and patching of the mangrove forest gaps in Dong Rui were quite uniform at a midium rate. Species composition inside gaps did not differ significantly from the surrounding magrove forest communities. However, the ecological dominance of each species varied over time, depending on several natural factors and human actitvities where gaps were formed..
Population density of the peanut worm Siphonosoma australe australe (Keferstein, 1865) (Sipunculus: Phascolosomatidae) in the mangrove forest of Gianh river, Quang Binh province
Authors: My Huong Nguyen Thi , Chung Ngo Dac , Ba Le Huy
Published: November 2018

The peanut worm, Siphonosoma australe australe (Keferstein, 1865), is a non-segmented worm, with a coelom, most live in areas of shallow water, tidal areas or the sea. Currently, the number of individuals in Peanut worm populations are declining considerably due to over-exploitation and habitat degradation. However, information on individual density and biomass of Peanut worm populations in Vietnam is still lacking, as is information on environmental factors affecting them. This study was carried out at various sites in the lower reaches of mangrove forest of the Gianh river, Quang Binh province. We calculated individual and hole densities per month by counting the number of individuals and holes according to each site area. We found significant differences (p ≤ 0.037) among sampled sites in hole density (from 1.43 to 2.54 holes/m2, average of 1,96 holes/m2), individual number (from 45 to 81 individuals, average of 62 individuals/site area), and biomass (from 20.27 to 51.16 g/m2, average of 34.57 g/m2). However, individual density (from 0.51 to 0.98 individuals/m2, average of 0.68 individuals/m2) was not significantly different among sites. Water temperature, pH, and salinity have the significant effect on individual and hole densities, individual number, and biomass of peanut worms (p ≤ 0.001; excepting water temperature affects the biomass of peanut worms). Excepting biomass, average individual and hole densities, as well as individual number of peanut worms, were greater in the dry season than in the rainy season (p < 0.0001).

Keywords: Siphonosoma australe australe, biomass, density, mangrove forest, peanut worms, Gianh river.

Citation: Nguyen Thi My Huong, Ngo Dac Chung, Le Huy Ba, 2018. Population density of the peanut worm Siphonosoma australe australe (Keferstein, 1865) (sipunculus:phascolosomatidae) in the mangrove forest of gianh river, Quang Binh province. Tạp chí Sinh học, 40(2): 138–144. https://doi.org/10.15625/0866-7160/v40n2.8511.

*Corresponding author: myhuong_s4qt@quangbinh.edu.vn
Mammal Fauna in Phong Nha Ke Bang - Hin Nam No Region: the Species Diversity and Conservation Singnificance
Authors: Dang Nguyen Xuan , Nghia Nguyen Xuan
Published: November 2018

Phong Nha Ke Bang - Hin Nam No Region (PNKB-HNN Region) is one of the world largest limestone conservation landscapes which contains the universal outstanding values on biodiversity and high diversity of flora and fauna. This paper reviewsresults of mammal biodiversity surveys conducted from 1970s to 2017 in PNKB-HNN region to give more comprehensive evaluation of the fauna diversity and conservation significance. The review shows that up to date, 150 mammal species from 32 families and 11 orders have been recorded in PNKN - HNN region. The highest diversity is order Chiroptera(54 species), then follow orders Rodentia (35 species), Carnivora (30 species), Primates (11 species), Artiodactyla (8 species), Soricomorpha (4 species). Other orders (Pholidota, Erinaceomorpha, Lagomorpha, Scandentia and Dermoptera) have only 1-2 species each. PNKB NP alone contains143 species belonging to 32 families and 11 orders while HNN NCA contains 75 species belonging to 32 families and 11 orders. PNKB-HNN region is the home of 56 mammal species of conservation priority including 41 species enlisted in 2017 IUCN Red List, 46 species enlisted in 2007 Vietnam Red Data Book. Out of 41 species enlisted in 2017 IUCN Red List, 3 species are at Critical Endangered category (CR), 9 species at Endangered category (EN), 16 species at Vulnerable category (VU), 10 species are at Near Threatened category (NT) and 3 species are of Deficient Data (DD). Out of 46 species enlisted in Vietnam Red Data Book, 3 species are at CR, 19 species at EN, 21 species at VU, 2species at LR and 1 Species of DD.PNKB NP alone harbors 54 species of conservation priority including 40 globally threatened species, 45 nationally threatened species, 40 species under Governmental Decree No. 32/2006/ND-CP and 24 species under Governmental Decree No. 160/2013/ND-CP. HNN NCA contains 39 species of conservation priority including 32 species enlisted in 2017 IUCN Red List and 34 species enlisted in 2007 Vietnam Red Data Book. The most notable conservation priority species in PNKB-HNN are Hatinh langur Trachypithecus hatinhensis, Red-shanked Douc Pygathrix nemaeus, Laotian Black langur Trachypithecus laotum, Southern White-cheeked Gibbon Nomascus siki, Malaysian Bear Helarctosmalayanus, Sun Bear Ursus thibetanus, Chinese Serow Capricornis milneedwardsii, Annamite Striped Rabbit Nesolagus timminsii and Laotian Rock RatLaonastes aenigmamus.Moreover, PNKB-HNN region is the only home of Laotian Rock RatLaonastes aenigmamus andLao Limestone RatSaxatilomys paulinae
SECOND METABOLITES AND ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIMICROBIAL, ANTICANCER ACTIVITIES OF Helicteres hirsuta ROOT EXTRACT
Authors: Thuy Dung Diem Thi , Trang Trinh Huyen , Khanh Linh Le Thi , Tan Dao Van , Phuong Hoa Le Thi
Published: November 2018

Helicteres hirsuta Lour., particularly its stems and leaves have been used in

Vietnamese traditional medicine to cure furuncles, dysentery, measles and flu. In this study, we examined biological activities of 5 fractions from methanol extract of H. hirsuta roots. The results showed that ethyl acetate fraction has the highest content of phenolic and flavonoid compounds (220.9 ± 15.67 mg GAE, gallic acid equivalents /g dry weight and 23.03 ± 0.97 mg QE, quercetin equivalents /g dry weight, respectively). Fractions from H. hirsuta roots exhibited antioxidant, an-tibacterial and anticancer activities. Ethyl acetate fraction showed the strongest antioxidant activi-ty through 1,1diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging capacity (half-maximal inhibitory concentration, IC50 value of 0.117 ± 0.023 mg/ml). Ethyl acetate fraction of roots also showed the strongest reducing power (0.071 ± 0.009 mg/ml) and cytotoxicity on human KB cell lines (IC50= 3.23 μg/ml). Besides, fractions from H. hirsuta roots had high inhibitory activity against Gram-positive bacteria namely Staphylococcus aureus and Lactobacillus fermentum. The results suggest potential exploitation of bioactive compounds from H. hirsuta roots especially ethyl acetate frac-tion and its application in medicine and pharmacy. This is the first report on second metabolite composition and biological activities of H. hirsuta roots.
HYPOGLYCEMIC ACTIVITY OF FRUITING BODY EXTRACTS FROM Pycnoporus sanguineus (L.: Fr.) Murr. MUSHROOM
Authors: Tuong Tran Duc , Chu Duong Xuan , Dieu Bui Thi Minh
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT

Alpha-amylase and α-glucosidase are two main enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism. Inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase can be said as an effective treatment for delaying the absorption of glucose after meals in people with diabetes mellitus. The objective of the present study is to provide an in vitro evidence for the potential hypoglycemic activity via inhibitory activity of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts from fruiting bodies of Pycnoporus sanguineus mushroom on α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. Alpha-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of P. sanguineus fruiting body were examined in a dose-response manner. Acarbose was used as a positive control. The results showed that the ethanolic extract of P. sanguineus possessed strong inhibitory activity on α-amylase and α-glucosidase with IC50 values of 97.08 and 92.60 μg/mL, respectively. The aqueous extract also exhibited moderate activity against α-amylase and α-glucosidase with IC50 values of 150.15 and 102.29 μg/mL, respectively. Which was signiﬁcantly lower than that of acarbose with IC50 values of 85.12 and 68.36 μg/mL, respectively. The degree of α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition was correlated with the dose of inhibitors. From these results Pycnoporus sanguineus (Trametes sanguinea) possesses high potential in lowering blood glucose level, reduced insulin resistance and the risk of diabetic-related complications.
CONSTRUÇÃO DE CONHECIMENTO EM AMBIENTE DIGITAL: A IMPORTÂNCIA DA PERSPECTIVA DIALÓGICA
Authors: Da Rocha Maria Cecilia Mendonça Melo , Branco Maria Luísa Frazão Rodrigues , Simões Maria de Fátima de Jesus , Falbo Gilliatt Hanois
Published: November 2018

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar alguns pressupostos teóricos e discutir os aspectos conceituais da Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas (ABP) e suas contribuições para o ensino superior, trazendo também uma breve reflexão sobre o cenário imperativo tecnológico. Este escopo teórico está sendo desenvolvido dentro de uma pesquisa de doutorado em Educação da Universidade da Beira Interior (Covilhã, Portugal), cujo objetivo é identificar as estratégias de aprendizagem utilizadas pelos alunos do 5º ano de uma escola de medicina de uma instituição de ensino superior em saúde, localizada no nordeste do Brasil, em um curso complementar sobre segurança e qualidade na atenção ao paciente oferecido em uma plataforma digital.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Leite José Yvan Pereira
Published: November 2018

O quinto número do periódico do ano corrente é publicado com as colaborações de instituições brasileiras, chilenas, cubanas e portuguesas.Estas apresentam artigos que tratam de temas voltados à área de tecnologia, tais como contenção de barragens na mineração, rota tecnológica para tratamento de escórias de metalurgia de cobre, aproveitamento de resíduos visando substituição do cimento, análises de solos do semiárido baiano, desertificação e degradação ambiental no contexto de sala de aula, qualidade de hortaliças e, aprendizagem autônoma.Estas contribuições também são objetos de temas voltados ao empreendedorismo,  à saúde, bem como um conjunto importantes de artigos que trazem reflexões que abordam a educação.O momento atual  é para observar cenários e preparar o periódico para um novo ciclo, aquele que nas adversidades amplia seu papel na difusão do conhecimento. Convido-os à leitura!  Prof. José Yvan Pereira Leite
Māori Research(er) in Three Poems
Authors: Kidd Jacquie
Published: November 2018

These three poems re-present the findings from a research project that took place in 2013 (Kidd et al. 2018, Kidd et al. 2014). The research explored what health literacy meant for Māori patients and wh?nau when they accessed palliative care. Through face-to-face interviews and focus groups we engaged with 81 people including patients, wh?nau, bereaved loved ones, support workers and health professionals. The poems are composite, written to bring some of our themes to life.

The first poem is titled Aue. This is a Māori lament that aligns to English words such as 'oh no', or 'arrgh', or 'awww'. Each stanza of the poem re-presents some of the stories we heard throughout the research.

The second poem is called Tikanga. This is a Māori concept that encompasses customs, traditions and protocols. There are tikanga rituals and processes that guide all aspects of life, death, and relationships. This poem was inspired by an elderly man who explained that he would avoid seeking help from a hospice because 'they leave tikanga at the door at those places'. His choice was to bear his pain bravely, with pride, within his cultural identity.

The third poem is called 'People Like Me'. This is an autoethnographical reflection of what I experienced as a researcher which draws on the work of scholars such as bell hooks (1984), Laurel Richardson (1997) and Ruth Behar (1996). These and many other authors encourage researchers to use frustration and anger to inform our writing; to use our tears to fuel our need to publish our research.
ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ ЧЕЛОВЕКОПОДОБНЫХ РОБОТИЗИРОВАННЫХ СИСТЕМ: ВЗГЛЯД ИЗ ПРОШЛОГО В БУДУЩЕЕ
Authors: Путников Д. , Голубков П. С. , Егоров В. Б.
Published: November 2018

С давних лет писатели фантасты в своих произведениях создавали многоцелевые машины, выполняющие задачи вместе с людьми, либо за них. Позднее чешским писателем Карелом Чапеком и его братом Йозефом было придумано слово робот и впервые использовано в пьесе Чапека «Р. У. Р.». Одним из первых, чертёж человекоподобного робота был сделан Леонардо да Винчи около 1495 года. А в 1738 году французский механик и изобретатель Жак де Вокансон создал первое работающее человекоподобное устройство (андроид), которое играло на флейте. В конце 20 столетия, ученые начали вести разработки двуногих человекоподобных роботов, которые смогли бы выполнять за человека опасную и монотонную работу. Первого такого робота представила японская компания. Он был очень большим и на один шаг ему требовалось 5 секунд. Спустя 36 лет в 2013 году ученые создали робота Asimo, который может стать отличным домашним помощником, а по количеству функций является одним из самых развитых двуногих роботов в мире на сегодняшний день. Разработки таких роботов ведутся учеными и по сей день.
Teaching Health Policy in Graduate Medical Education: Proposed Curricular Components
Authors: Dark Cedric , Pillow M. Tyson , Haddock Alison
Published: November 2018

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. IssueThe layers of systems affecting patient care, including that of clinic and hospital policy as well as state and federal laws, are the topic of one of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education’s six Core Competencies. Health policy, a key aspect of Systems Based Practice, often receives limited exposure in graduate medical education (GME).EvidenceA 15-point framework for teaching health policy in undergraduate medical education was published earlier this decade. At the GME level, several programs – both institutional and specialty-specific - have described their experience teaching health policy to their own learners. We therefore expand on the previously described framework adapting it for the development of a GME curriculum focused on U.S. domestic health policy. In addition, we analyze how well the currently employed Milestones address important health policy concepts.ImplicationsReview of the Milestones of across all specialties reveal that four components - health insurance, history and consequences of major health care legislation, health disparities, and U.S. healthcare system, financing, and payment – remain underrepresented in the current approach to teaching health policy in graduate medical education. We recommend a centralized approach from institutional GME programs to address shared curricular needs in health policy supplemented by tailored content designed to solidify these concepts with a specialty-specific focus.
The Self-Help Hermeneutic: Its Global History and Literary Future
Authors: Blum Beth
Published: November 2018

The self-improvement industry has been analyzed from a variety of disciplinary perspectives, including those of sociology, history, and religion, but its relation to literature has not received the attention it demands. Self-help is inextricable from the history and future of reading around the globe. Using Samuel Smiles'sSelf-Help(1859) as a case study, I unearth the overlooked role of the self-help hermeneutic, a practical reading method that collapses period, nation, and genre in the global dissemination of literary culture. I then demonstrate that the pastiche didacticism of Smiles's early readers has become a mainstream conceit of twenty-first-century novels, including Mohsin Hamid'sHow to Get Filthy Rich in Rising Asia,Tash Aw'sFive Star Billionaire,and Sheila Heti's HowShould a Person Be?.By putting on hold the standard critique of the genre's homogeneous neoliberal influence, I recalibrate the scales by which we measure self-help's literary and political relevance.
“That Book's Been Read ”: Surface and Depth, Reading with Susan Howe
Authors: Hollywood Amy
Published: November 2018

“That Book's been Read,” the Poet Susan Howe said this about a copy—my copy—of her book, that this, it has been mauled, spine not quite broken but on the verge, phrases scored under and over, words circled, passages marked with vertical lines, gnarled questions to myself from myself in handwriting only I can read. Program leaflets scrawled with notes are tucked between the endpaper and the back cover and transparent sticky tabs peak up over the top and out from the sides. The only thing I won't do is turn down the corner of a page. Everything else is fair game and the more I care about a book, the more abuse it gets. Fortunately Howe understands.
The Master's Voice: A Close Reading of James
Authors: Curley-Egan James
Published: November 2018

I find myself returning to the theme of reading against noise and reimagining it as something more like reading up against noise, in which noise is a foe or fiend, something one is up against: not only a challenge, close and insistent, that presents itself whenever one takes up a text (the literal noise that invades one's chair or couch, the ads in the margins of an e-book or a Web page, the wandering thoughts or obligations that draw one away), but also a challenge that is spatially there—up against one's ears and body, encroaching on the very space of one's reading. To read, in this sense, is thus inevitably to come up against noise, to attempt to overcome it–and yet to keep it, as part of the very act of reading, within reach.
Development of training programs for users of enterprise resource planning system
Authors: Zimin A. V. , Burkova I. V. , Mit'kov V. V. , Zimin V. V.
Published: November 2018

One of the important factors (may be, the main one) determining duration of initial (trial) operation of Enterprise Resource Planning (EPR) is quality of users training to collaboration in integrated (at the level of elementary transactions) control system. It is obvious that duration of initial operation and corresponding losses from the incidents arising at EPR operation can be significantly reduced not only due to high-quality design and EPR testing, but, considerably, due to increase in level of competences of users reached by their training. Mathematical definition of training program development for EPR users of large metallurgical company is given in the article. The main criterion there is general increment of users’ competences as a result of implementation of training program. Procedure of task solution is based on method of network programming which relies on structural and similar network representation of criterion and restrictions. General scheme and an example of solution of the studied task are provided in which separate estimated tasks are solved by method of dichotomizing programming. Received approximate solutions of an objective can be improved by means of finding global optimum of initial task by method of branches and borders in which values of criterion function of found approximate decision are applied as borders. In practice it is expedient to consider a task, opposite to described in the article in which costs of training are the criterion. Owing to structural similarity of functions of an increment of competences and costs of training the return task can be decided according to the same scheme that it is offered for a direct task. The considered task can be generalized by taking into account the preferences of users regarding the significance of individual programs relative to others by introducing appropriate “scales”. General scheme of task solution won’t change.
Феномен «ухода в свои мысли» и его место в континууме сознания
Authors: Лапина Анна Андреевна , Чернышев Борис Владимирович
Published: November 2018

Феномен «ухода в свои мысли» (англ. термин «mind-wandering») – это особое специфическое состояние сознания, связанное с полным или частичным отключением внимания от восприятия внешней сенсорной информации и его переключением на внутренние ментальные процессы. Данное состояние характеризуется высокой спонтанностью и высокой непроизвольностью в отношении своего содержания. При данном состоянии в сознании возникают мысли, которые генерируются эндогенной ментальной активностью и концентрируются вокруг значимых для личности целей, но при этом негативно интерферируют с обработкой наличной информации, повышая риск возникновения «сбоев внимания» и ошибок в текущей деятельности. С явлением «ухода в свои мысли» связана мечтательность как черта личности. Переходы в состояние «ухода в свои мысли» связаны с конкуренцией между мотивационной значимостью данного процесса в сравнении с мотивационной значимостью текущей эксплицитной деятельности и зависят от процессов когнитивного (исполнительного) контроля. Мотивационная значимость «ухода в свои мысли» определяется не только личностной значимостью конкретного содержания мыслей; данное состояние, видимо, входит в число неотъемлемых потребностей человека, так как обеспечивает анализ прошлого опыта и планирование будущих действий и тем самым является адаптивным приобретением человеческой психики. Феномен «ухода в свои мысли» тесно связан с рядом других психических явлений, таких как рефлексия, метапознание (метасознание) и полнота осознания («mindfulness»). В рамках настоящей статьи вводится подход, позволяющий разделить указанные процессы и обозначить особый статус «ухода в свои мысли» по признаку негативного влияния на текущую деятельность.
Связь эмоционального интеллекта и личностных черт с настроением
Authors: Люсин Дмитрий Владимирович , Овсянникова Виктория Владимировна
Published: November 2018

Основная цель исследования состояла в поиске связей настроения с личностными чертами и эмоциональным интеллектом (ЭИ). Дополнительная цель состояла в получении новых психометрических данных по использованным методикам. Для измерения настроения использовалась методика ШПАНА, являющаяся русской адаптацией методики PANAS и оценивающая настроение по шкалам позитивного аффекта (ПА) и негативного аффекта (НА). Личностные черты измерялись с помощью опросника Большая пятерка, эмоциональный интеллект – с помощью опросника ЭмИн. Методики проводились на выборке, состоявшей из 71 испытуемого в возрасте от 18 до 49 лет. Получены данные о внутренней согласованности шкал всех использованных методик, которая в основном является удовлетворительной – α Кронбаха всех шкал за одним исключением лежит в диапазоне от 0.78 до 0.89. Получены положительные корреляции ряда шкал опросника ЭмИн (общий ЭИ, внутриличностный ЭИ, Управление эмоциями) со шкалой ПА и отрицательные корреляции со шкалой НА. Шкалы межличностного ЭИ и Понимание эмоций дали только положительные корреляции со шкалой ПА. Получена отрицательная связь нейротизма со шкалой ПА и положительная связь со шкалой НА. Экстраверсия положительно связана со Шкалой ПА и не имеет связей со шкалой НА. В совокупности полученные результаты соответствуют результатам аналогичных исследований, проводимых в других странах. Обосновывается необходимость в дальнейшем перейти от одноразовых замеров настроения к сбору данных о настроении испытуемых в течение длительного времени (так называемый experience sampling). Это позволит получить более достоверные сведения об эмоциональном фоне, характерном для того или иного испытуемого, и проанализировать связи между личностными чертами и эмоциональным интеллектом, с одной стороны, и динамическими характеристиками эмоциональных состояний, с другой стороны.
Herpes virus infections caused by lymphotropic viruses. Part V
Authors: Neverov Vladimir A. , Demidenko Tamara P. , Vasiliev Valery V.
Published: November 2018

The lecture addresses the issues of provision of medical care and treatment to patients affected with herpes diseases caused by lymphotropic viruses (Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, human herpesvirus-6, human herpesvirus-7, human herpesvirus-8)
El derecho al aborto en América Latina y el Caribe
Authors: Chiapparrone Norma Graciela
Published: November 2018

En Latinoamérica y El Caribe al menos treinta países consideran el aborto un delito, lo cual enfrenta a las mujeres que desean interrumpir un embarazo a situaciones de riesgo para su salud, y hasta su propia libertad. Estas situaciones impactan diferencialmente dependiendo de la raza, etnia, religión, educación, nivel de ingresos, entre otras razones. La violación del secreto médico, el incumplimiento al deber de confidencialidad y la recurrencia a la objeción de conciencia por parte de los médicos/as, también son variables que operan negativamente. La alianza del patriarcado con el capitalismo, como sistema de dominación y subordinación de las mujeres, es el escenario para la violación de los derechos sexuales y reproductivos de mujeres y niñas. El disciplinamiento que pretende imponerse, requiere avanzar y no retroceder para alcanzar la libertad y autonomía de nuestros cuerpos.
Reseña: Salazar,O. (2018). El hombre que no deberíamos ser (Editorial Planeta)
Authors: Cobo Bedia Rosa
Published: November 2018

El hombre que no deberíamos ser es un libro pequeño en páginas, pero rotundo en contenido. Hace ya mucho tiempo que Octavio Salazar comenzó a investigar sobre masculinidades, pero hasta ahora no había escrito un texto tan acabado sobre la condición masculina. El análisis que recorre este libro transita entre el ser y el deber ser, entre cómo son los varones y como deberían ser, y el relato de este camino nos devuelve la imagen de esa estructura de dominio que el feminismo ha conceptualizado con el término de patriarcado.De modo que Salazar no solo explica pormenorizadamente los privilegios masculinos sino que ese recuento nos ofrece el esqueleto de la masculinidad hegemónica. Este libro es una contribución al estudio de la masculinidad dominante, a cómo han sido socializados los varones y a como protegen sus privilegios. El modelo de varón hegemónico, como el que no deberían ser los varones, ha recibido un mandato de masculinidad del que no se quiere distanciar críticamente porque le proporciona beneficios.
El Fenómeno de las Drogas en Filipinas, Características Históricas y Debate Actual
Authors: Rubio Quintero David Fernando
Published: November 2018

This article will focus on the development of the drug phenomenon and the role it has played within Philippine society, government entities and the different political positions that have been taken in relation to this situation from its colonial origin to the present day.
Colonialidad del saber jurídico y derecho neo-constitucional en Colombia
Authors: Fonseca Sandoval José Daniel
Published: November 2018

In Colombia, the argumentative, rational interpretation and correction of the law heories have been consolidated as dominant readings for the judicial labor. The juridical hegemonic theory promotes the creation of a juridical exclusive, functional culture to a restricted knowledge. The meanings and words of the juridical language turn into tools of control on the social groups that they do not know. The jurisprudence of the Constitutional Colombian Court (devout to the European and American constitutionalism) is incomprehensible for the non-attorneys, which generates an opaqueness of the right, a concealment of the functioning and uses of the dominant above-mentioned speech. The present text affirms that the dogmatic and western constitutionalism has turned into a discursive centrality into Colombia, which generates a coloniality of the juridical knowledge. I will assume language as tool of power and his relation with the knowledge inherited from the eurocentral modernity, we will indicate the fundamental elements of the neoconstitucionalism and his application in Colombia, I will realize critical comments opposite to his postulates on the speech and the juridical culture and will raise the consequences of a juridical univocal speech; what it will lead to consider the necessary decolonization of juridical knowledge and the construction of a juridical pluri-popular education opposite to a juridical hermetic field