bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Isolated gastrocnemius tightness
Authors: Moraes Leonardo Vinícius de Matos , Borges Vinícius Quadros , Ferraz Gabriel Ferreira , Stéfani Kelly Cristina
Published: September 2018

Objective: To determine whether being overweight was associated with isolated gastrocnemius tightness (IGT), generating foot pain. Method: This prospective cohort study evaluated 50 consecutively enrolled patients with a diagnosis of forefoot pain (e.g., metatarsalgia) or hindfoot pain (e.g., plantar fasciitis, insertional and noninsertional tendinopathy of the calcaneal tendon). Body mass index (BMI) and IGT (via theSilfverskiöld test) were evaluated. Gastrocnemius contracture was identified in cases with an ankle extension limitation of <10 degrees. Results: The mean age of the study patients was 64 years. The mean BMI was 27.8kg/m2. The most prevalent location of foot pain was the forefoot (66%), and 64% had IGT. However, IGT was not significantly correlated with BMI. Conclusion: Overweight patients showed an IGT prevalence of 66%. However, there was no correlation between BMI and the presence of IGT. Level of Evidence II; Diagnostic Studies.
Assessment of pain levels in patients undergoing foot surgery
Authors: De Albuquerque Gabriel Souza , Teixeira Marcelo De Brito , Juste Miguel Lanzieri , Melo Daniel Gomes de Aguiar , Alves Lucas Jorge Santana de Castro , Moreno Marcus Vinicius Mota Garcia
Published: September 2018

Objective: To analyze the use of an anesthetic ankle block in the immediate postoperative period in patients undergoing foot surgery to evaluate the quality of postoperative recovery and in-hospital opioid use. Methods: Presentation of the preliminary results of a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial conducted from May 2016 to January 2017, with 16 patients undergoing surgery to correct foot pathologies. The patients in the intervention group were treated with an additional ankle block and compared to a control group. Results: The intervention group included eleven patients, of whom ten had mild pain, with a mean visual analog pain scale (VAS) score of 3 and a mean quality of post-surgical recovery (QoR-40) of 194; none of these patients required the use of opioids. The control group included five patients. Of these, one patient had severe pain and two showed moderate pain. The mean VAS score in this group was 4, and the mean QoR-40 was 190. Three patients from this group required opioids. Conclusion: The use of an ankle block in the 24 h immediately post-surgery reduced pain scores and the need for opioid use and improvedpostoperative recovery. Level of Evidence I; Therapeutic Studies; Randomized Clinical Study.
Macrodactyly
Authors: Pessôa Felipe Cunha , Martins Jefferson Soares , Costa Edegmar Nunes
Published: September 2018

Macrodactyly is a rare condition characterized by an increased volume of all mesenchymal structures that compose the digit and can affect the hands and feet. Macrodactyly is defined as primary when isolated or secondary when associated with other congenital malformations. The aim of the present study was to report three cases of primary macrodactyly of the foot, treated by surgical amputation of the rays or forefoot, whichled to satisfactory clinical outcomes. The results corroborate the present literature about the disease, which indicates that treatment is eminently surgical but may comprise various treatment forms. Level of Evidence IV, Therapeutic Studies; Expert Opinion.
Gyrinicola chabaudi Araujo & Artigas, 1982 (Nematoda: Pharyngodonidae) in tadpoles of Scinax nasicus (Cope, 1862) (Anura: Hylidae) from Corrientes, Argentina
Authors: González Cynthya E. , Hamann Mónica Inés
Published: September 2018

Gyrinicola chabaudi (Pharyngodonidae) represents a new record for the country and is reported for the first time from hylid tadpoles of Scinax nasicus. Fifteen anurans were collected in a pond located 30 km from Corrientes City, province of Corrientes, Argentina (27°28’S - 58°50’W) in May 2000. The nematode infection was detected in 66 % of tadpoles.
¿Podemos estimar el impacto de las transformaciones del paisaje sobre la ecodiversidad?
Authors: Neiff Juan José , Rolón Marcelo , Casco Sylvina L.
Published: September 2018

Se han propuesto distintos criterios para medir la diversidad a nivel local (alfa y beta diversidad) a nivel regional (gama diversidad) y también a nivel del paisaje (ecodiversidad). De todas estas aproximaciones a la complejidad biótica en los ecosistemas, la ecodiversidad permite conocer la disponibilidad y la conectividad entre hábitat y lograr una idea de la variabilidad espacial de los ecosistemas. Se presentan siete índices de ecodiversidad y se discute sus ventajas y desventajas para el análisis de paisajes muy disturbados. Se analizó el paisaje del Establecimiento Las Marías, en el NE de Corrientes, que tiene algo más de 30.000 ha, comprendiendo 12.000 ha de sistemas forestales nativos y cultivados y 18.000 ha. dedicadas a té, yerba mate y policultivos. Se utilizó imágenes Landsat 7 y el procedimiento de Ecological Land Classification (ELC), para identificar las principales unidades de paisaje (bosques, pasturas, cuerpos de agua, diferentes cultivos). Se encontraron tres subsistemas de paisaje diferentes, se obtuvo información del número de polígonos y de la superficie comprendida en cada uso del paisaje y se la comparó cuantitativamente mediante varios índices. Se concluye que una determinada unidad de paisaje puede tener muy diferente diversidad, según el contexto de paisaje en el que se encuentre incluida.
Análisis AIM y NBO del enlace de hidrógeno aromático C-H...π en el complejo C2H2/C6H6
Authors: Vallejos Margarita , Peruchena Nélida M.
Published: September 2018

En el presente trabajo se estudia en el marco de la Teoría del Funcional de la densidad y de la Teoría de Átomos en Moléculas, la topología de la densidad de carga en el complejo C2H2 /C6H6 como consecuencia de la débil interacción C-H...p. Se presentan y discuten los efectos electrónicos claves tales como la redistribución de la densidad de carga en ambos fragmentos. Los resultados fueron obtenidos a los niveles de teoría B3LYP y MP2/6-31++G**. Además, se obtienen las propiedades atómicas promedio sobre todos los átomos y se analizan sus cambios. Inesperadamente, el átomo de hidrógeno acídico muestra un aumento de su volumen atómico en el complejo. El análisis de los Orbitales Naturales de Enlace, NBO, revela la transferencia de 2,76me. desde C6H6 a C2H2 . La parte dominante de esta transferencia (44,7%) se remite al s*Caa-Haa pero una cantidad similar se transfiere a los dos p*Caa-Ca en C2H2 .
Enlaces de hidrógeno bifuncionales >O...H(H)...H-C en el complejo tetrahidrofurano-agua. Un estudio teórico
Authors: Angelina Emilio L. , Vallejos Margarita , Peruchena Nélida M.
Published: September 2018

En este trabajo se estudia el enlace de hidrógeno bifuncional, EHbif, en el complejo THFH2O en fase gaseosa, en el marco de la Teoría del funcional de la densidad. Los cálculos de estructura electrónica se llevaron a cabo utilizando el funcional híbrido B3LYP y el conjunto base 6-31G**. Para realizar un estudio electrónico profundo de las interacciones intra e intermoleculares involucradas en el EH bifuncional, el análisis de transferencia de carga sobre la base de Orbitales Naturales de Enlace, NBO, fue llevado adelante en forma conjunta con la aplicación de la Teoría de Atomos en Molécula, AIM. Además de verificarse la formación del EHbif, donde una única molécula de agua interviene como dadora de hidrógeno (Ow-Hw(b)…OTHF) y aceptora de hidrógeno (C4 -H4sa…Ow) en la formación de un (fuerte o moderadamente fuerte) EH propio y otro (débil) EH impropio, respectivamente, se analizan los efectos cooperativos entre los EHs propios e impropios. Los resultados muestran que la redistribución electrónica sobre la molécula completa es la principal característica del complejo THF-H2O. En otras palabras, las modificaciones en la parte remota (Z), en Z-X-H…Y, que según Hobza caracteriza a los EH impropios, ocurre en ambos EH, propio e impropio, como consecuencia de los efectos donador-aceptor intra e intermoleculares
Actividad biológica de Solanum glaucophyllum en la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
Authors: Dallorso M. , Gil S. , Horst R. , Pérez R.
Published: September 2018

Solanum glaucophyllum (SG) es una potente planta calcinogénica que en Argentina ocasiona la enfermedad conocida como enteque seco (ES) del ganado de cría. Su principio activo es el glicósido del metabolito activo de la vitamina D3. Para conocer las posibles variaciones espaciales y temporales de la potencia biológica de SG, se evaluó la actividad vitamina D (AVD) de la planta, determinando la concentración de 1,25(OH)2vitamina D3 por HPLC luego de hidrólisis enzimática, en hojas recogidas en diferentes emplazamientos de distintas localidades de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, entre noviembre de 2003 y junio de 2004. Se relacionó AVD del vegetal con el paisaje del emplazamiento. También se consignaron la pastura acompañante y el estado fenológico preponderante del SG en los emplazamientos. Los valores de AVD, que estuvieron dentro del rango 8,6 a 39,6 μg/g, disminuyeron de noviembre a junio (b= –0,1425; p= 0,0316) en emplazamientos fijos seleccionados. Con esta ecuación se calculó la AVD al día 98 del período de recolección (AVDCORR) para los 36 valores del mapeo. Se observó variación en la AVDCORR entre localidades (p= 0,0015) con gran variación dentro de localidades (DE promedio= 7,45 μg/g; n= 36). No se observó diferencia en la AVDCORR al agrupar los emplazamientos por paisaje (p= 0,1452).
Acción tóxica del tetratiomolibdato de amonio sobre el tejido testicular en ratas
Authors: Trulls H. E. , Brem J. J. , Sánchez Negrette M. , Pochon D. O. , Ortíz M. L.
Published: September 2018

La acción tóxica del molibdeno, por sí mismo o por su interacción con el metabolismo del cobre, podría ocasionar trastornos sobre diversos tejidos. Con el fin de provocar una deficiencia secundaria de cobre, se procedió al agregado de tetratiomolibdato de amonio (TTMo) en la dieta de ratas, para evaluar sus efectos sobre la función reproductiva. En rumiantes, la toxicidad del Mo es provocada por la formación de tetratiomolibdatos por la microflora ruminal. Con este producto sintetizado in vitro, se pudo reproducir la enfermedad en ratas que, como el resto de los monogástricos, son particularmente resistentes a la intoxicación natural del Mo por carecer del ambiente digestivo adecuado para dicha transformación. Para lograr el objetivo propuesto, se valoró la respuesta de la testosterona tras el estímulo de gonadorrelinas (GnRH) y mediante estudios anatomohistopatológicos se determinó la integridad estructural del tejido testicular. Se utilizaron 40 ratas de sexo macho de la cepa Wistar, de 3 meses de edad; los grupos tratados recibieron durante 120 días dosis de 3 mg de TTMo/100 ml de agua de bebida. En este ensayo de molibdenosis experimental se logró una sintomatología clínica y bioquímica compatible con una deficiencia secundaria de cobre. Las diferencias entre grupos tratados y testigos en la respuesta de testosterona después de la inyección de GnRH, fueron significativas, indicando una función endocrina comprometida. Los ejemplares tratados revelaron disminución del tamaño testicular, túbulos seminíferos con fenómenos degenerativos del epitelio germinal, necrosis y desaparición de espermátides y espermatozoides. Algunos testículos presentaban únicamente espermatogonias y células de Sertoli con fenómenos de vacuolización citoplasmática, picnosis nuclear ycélulas gigantes fagocíticas multinucleadas. Las lesiones en el tejido intersticial se caracterizaron por fibrosis leve y depleción de células intersticiales de Leydig.
Conformación fascicular de los nervios tibial y peroneo común en el perro
Authors: Llano E. G. , Flores Quintana C. I. , Cabrera W. R. , Baéz A. D.
Published: September 2018

El objetivo del trabajo fue identificar el número y situación espacial de los fascículos que conforman los nervios tibial y peroneo común en el perro, permitiendo de esta manera su clasificación acorde a modelos de agrupación fascicular. Se trabajó con 20 miembros posteriores de caninos. Los nervios tibial y peroneo común fueron disecados. A partir de cortes transversales de dichos nervios se realizaron preparados histológicos coloreados con hematoxilina y eosina, determinándose por microscopía óptica el número y la distribución de los fascículos, agrupándose las fibras en tres categorías acorde a su diámetro (hasta 4, de 4 a 8 y de 8 a 12 mm). Para el nervio tibial fueron identificados trece fascículos, el de mayor diámetro ubicado caudal y medialmente del nervio, resultando que el 40% de sus fibras correspondió a la primera categoría, 52% para la segunda y 8% para la tercera. Para el nervio peroneo común se identificaron tres fascículos, el de mayor diámetro ubicado caudalmente, no diferenciando su posición lateral o medial por tratarse de un nervio aplanado, con una distribución lineal de los fascículos; del análisis de las fibras surgió que el 50% perteneció a la primera categoría, 35% a la segunda y 15% a la tercera.
Unión femoro tibio patelar en las especies domésticas
Authors: Bode F. F. , Resoagli E. H. , Cao J. A. , Millán S. G. , Resoagli J. M. , Vargas Timoniuk D.
Published: September 2018

Se comunican las variaciones anatómicas encontradas en los medios de unión de la articulación femoro tibio patelar de las especies domésticas. Se procesaron articulaciones femoro tibio patelares de equinos (n=10), grandes rumiantes (n=6), pequeños rumiantes (n=4), cerdos (n=4) y carnívoros (n=8), siguiendo las técnicas clásicas para la disección de modelos anatómicos. Las piezas fueron documentadas fotográficamente y conservadas en solución de Lawkosky modificada. Los hallazgos se comparan con las descripciones efectuadas para esta articulación por los autores clásicos de la anatomía comparada, constatándose la ausencia de información sobre algunas estructuras halladas en el presente trabajo. Tal es el caso de los ligamentos tibio meniscales detectados en caninos y el ligamento cruzado craneal encontrado en rumiantes, cerdos y carnívoros. Tales conocimientos aportan al acrecentamiento del acervo anatómico y pueden resultar de utilidad para la cirugía y traumatología veterinarias.
Primer aislamiento de Mycobacterium bovis de búfalo del nordeste argentino
Authors: Guanziroli Stefani M. C. , Cicuta M. E. , Zumárraga M. J. , Romano M. I.
Published: September 2018

Para detectar búfalos infectados con Mycobacterium bovis se realizaron pruebas tuberculínicas intradérmicas a 402 búfalos de raza Murrah del nordeste argentino. Cuatro animales resultaron positivos y seis sospechosos a la prueba ano–caudal simple, de los cuales cinco fueron positivos a la prueba cervical comparada. Se realizó necropsia a una hembra de 9 años que había reaccionado positivamente a ambas pruebas, en la que se observó sólo un ganglio retromamario afectado con necrosis caseosa. A partir del mismo se aisló M. bovis espoligotipo 34, que es el más frecuente en los aislamientos provenientes del ganado bovino de la zona. Se destaca la ubicación del linfonódulo afectado para tenerla en cuenta en las necropsias de la especie bubalina.
Prevalencia de leptospirosis en roedores sinantrópicos de la Ciudad de Corrientes, Argentina. Período mayo 2005–junio 2008
Authors: Marder G. , Ruiz R. M. , Bottinelli O. R. , Peiretti H. A. , Zorzo L. , Merino D. E. , Czernik G. E.
Published: September 2018

La leptospirosis es una zoonosis causada por bacterias del género Leptospira sp., las cuales regularmente provocan brotes de la enfermedad en Argentina, donde el conocimiento de su epidemiología es incompleto. Los roedores (ratas y ratones sinantrópicos y silvestres) son los principales reservorios de leptospirosis en nuestro medio. El objetivo del estudio fue investigar la presencia de Leptospira sp. en roedores de la Ciudad de Corrientes, Argentina, así como la especie, sexo y edad de los ejemplares positivos a leptospirosis. Fueron capturados 101 especimenes, cuyo tejido renal fue utilizado para demostrar la presencia de Leptospira sp. mediante microscopio de campo oscuro a partir de cultivos de 15 días hasta un máximo de 6 meses. La tasa de positividad detectada fue de 58,4%, con una alta proporción de animales machos de la especie Rattus rattus. Solamente pudo capturarse un ejemplar de Mus musculus, que resultó infectado. Se concluye que la alta prevalencia de leptospirosis en roedores del área en estudio constituye un alarmante factor de riesgo de infección en animales domésticos y seres humanos.
Linfocentros abdominal, lumbar y pelviano en el carpincho (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris, Linnaeus 1766)
Authors: Bode F. F. , Cao J. A. , Resoagli J. M. , Resoagli E. H. , Millán S. G. , Flores Quintana C.
Published: September 2018

La utilización del cuero y carne de carpincho constituye un importante recurso económico regional. Con el objeto de conocer la ubicación anatómica de los linfocentros abdominal, lumbar y pelviano, se disecaron nueve carpinchos, describiéndose el número de nódulos linfáticos, su tamaño y sus relaciones con las estructuras vecinas. También se detalla su estructura histológica, que resultó semejante a la de los ganglios linfáticos de los mamíferos domésticos. Estos grandes roedores son actualmente criados en cautiverio con fines productivos. Para ser liberada al consumo, su carne debe ser bromatológicamente apta, para lo cual resulta útil la inspección de los ganglios linfáticos, cuya ubicación topográfica es un tema escasamente abordado en los tratados clásicos de anatomía.
Efecto de la mastitis y el estrés sobre la reproducción de la vaca
Authors: Córdova–Izquierdo A. , Córdova–Jiménez C. A. , Córdova–Jiménez M. S. , Saltijeral–Oaxaca J. A. , Ruiz–Lang C. G. , Xolalpa–Campos V. M. , Cortés–Suárez S. , Guerra–Liera J. E.
Published: September 2018

Debido a los innegables adelantos genéticos y nutricionales, la industria lechera puede hoy producir con alta eficiencia mayor cantidad de leche por vaca y por año. No obstante, estas mejoras pueden quedar relegadas por la aparición de problemas como el bajo desempeño reproductivo de los animales. Tanto en sus formas clínica como subclínica, la mastitis está ligada al estrés de la vaca lechera y tal asociación perjudica considerablemente su desempeño reproductivo. Los productores ganaderos deberán prestar preferencial atención a la tarea de mejorar las condiciones ambientales y de manejo en sus unidades de producción, dado que tales condiciones son en gran parte las responsables del deterioro de la salud de los animales y repercuten en la aparición de trastornos reproductivos, aumentando de manera importante los costos de producción de la industria lechera.
Follicle Detection in Digital Ultrasound Images using Bi-Dimensional Empirical Mode Decomposition and Mathematical Morphology
Authors: Rao M. Jayanthi , Kumar Dr. R. Kiran
Published: September 2018

Ultrasound Imaging is one of the technique used to study inside human body with images generated using high frequency sounds waves. The applications of ultrasound images include examination of human body parts such as Kidney, Liver, Heart and Ovaries. This paper mainly concentrates on ultrasound images of ovaries. The detection of follicles in ultrasound images of ovaries is concerned with the follicle monitoring during the diagnostic process of infertility treatment of patients.Monitoring of follicle is important in human reproduction. This paper presents a method for follicle detection in ultrasound images using Bidimensional Empirical Mode Decomposition and Mathematical morphology. The proposed algorithm is tested on sample ultrasound images of ovaries for identification of follicles and classifies the ovary into three categories, normal ovary, cystic ovary and polycystic ovary. The experiment results are compared qualitatively with inferences drawn by medical expert manually and this data can be used to classify the ovary images.
Can ICT Reduce Poverty and Unemployment and Elevate Development Integrating Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in Bangladesh? – Sharing Asian Experiences
Authors: Haque Mohammad Mozammel , Ahlan Abd. Rahman
Published: September 2018

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) can boost the performance of people and improve overall human capital for the alleviation of poverty in a society. Today, ICT is considered as one of the major sources of driving force for the overall economic development integrating with Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The e-Commerce has a great role in achieving business performance in the emerging Asian countries. However, MSMEs are experiencing more challenges that prevent them from further increasing their business. The earlier studies question to which extent MSMEs have benefited from these businesses. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to demonstrate the importance of ICT in developing MSMEs based on the success stories of emerging Asian countries. This study based on subjective/argumentative i.e., idea generation in Information Systems (IS). The findings of the study reveal that the MSMEs utilizing ICT can alleviate poverty and unemployment. It also reveals that MSMEs with ICT and e-Commerce can enhance employment and new job creation that can contribute to the overall economic development. This study is expected to extend for further an empirical investigation broadly on the same issue to validate the research results.
IDENTIFIKASI ASAM LEMAK OMEGA PADA ASI EKSKLUSIF MENGGUNAKAN KROMATOGRAFI GC-MS
Authors: Aryani Titin , Utami Fitria Siswi , Sulistyaningsih Sulistyaningsih
Published: September 2018

Abstract: Quantitative research aims to identify the omega fatty acids in exclusive breast milk (ASI) Exclusive. The data analysis used data chromatogram Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The data generated is breast milk (ASI) had higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids amounting to 28.24%, omega-6 and omega of 0.57% 9 at 26.56%. The conclusion from this study is there is the content of omega-3, omega-6, omega-9 fatty acids in breast milk (ASI). Highest levels of omega fatty acids in breast milk is the omega-3 fatty acid that is equal to 28.24%.Keywords: milk, omega fatty acids, GC-MS
SURGICAL CHEKLIST SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN PATIENT SAFETY
Authors: Irmawati Nurisda Eva , Anggorowati Anggorowati
Published: September 2018

Abstract: The purpose of this research is to study Literature review to determine whether the Surgical Safety Checklist can improve patient safety in the hospital in collaboration with other health team. This research method is the publication of the article searches on Google Scholar, PubMed, Ebscho with selected keywords ie Surgical Safety Checkliat, collaboration, Patient Safety. The search was performed by limiting the issue of 2006-2015. Results of literature search showed that the IPE can effectively build the ability of nurses to collaborate with other health professionals. IPE expected implementation can be implemented on an ongoing basis with the preparation over the maximum again, considering the health institution is a major provider of professional health personnel candidates.Keywords: surgical safety checklist, collaboration, patient safety
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEJADIAN PERDARAHAN POSTPARTUM
Authors: Satriyandari Yekti , Hariyati Nena Riski
Published: September 2018

Abstract: This study was observational analytical study with case control method and retrospective approach. The samples were 80 mothers with 40 case samples and 40 control. The bivariate analysis technique used Chi-Square and the multivariate analysis used multiple logistic regression. The results of the bivariate analysis showed that there were three variables that have correlation with postpartum bleeding namely parity (p-value = 0.042, OR = 0.351), oxytocin drip (p-value = 0.002, OR = 8.222) and anemia (p-value = 0.016, OR = 4.846). The midwives are expected to be cautious in providing delivery care to the mothers who have risk factors for postpartum bleeding.Keywords: partum, risk factors bleeding , postpartum bleeding
ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN REGIONALISASI RUJUKAN TERHADAP JUMLAH KUNJUNGAN DAN KEPUASAN PESERTA JKN DI FASKES RUJUKAN TINGKAT LANJUTAN
Authors: Mustofa Amirul , Dewi Arlina
Published: September 2018

Abstract: This research type is quantitative research with Cross Sectional Study approach. This study used secondary data of JKN participants who came both in outpatient and inpatient at Bantul Regency Hospital. Data analysis using paired t-test paired test and Analysis of variance (Anova). Research data were taken in 7 hospitals. The number of visits before and after the policy came into effect indicates a statistically significant difference. Satisfaction after the policy was enacted showed no statistically significant difference between 2015 and 2016. The number of post-policy visits enacted showed no statistically significant difference between the types of FKRT. The number of visits after the policy came into effect revealed a statistically significant difference between the FKRTL classes.Keywords: national health insurance, regionalization, polic
Pengaruh Self Help Group terhadap Pengetahuan tentang Hipertensi
Authors: Salmiyati Suri
Published: September 2018

This research was conducted explore the effect of self help group intervention to the knowledge level of hypertention patient in Sonopakis Village Kasihan Bantul Yogyakarta. A pre experiment research using one group pre test post design was conducted. Purposive sampling techniques was selected to recruited participants. The data was analized by using Wilcoxon. The result shows that self help group model has a significant influence to increase knowledge level of patient withÂ hypertention (p=0.000). Awareness of negative outcome of hypertention is needed.
Hubungan Depresi dengan Fatigue pada Pasien Hemodialisis
Authors: Suparti Sri , Nurjanah Siti
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this study to determine the relationship of fatigue with depression. ThisÂ  descriptive correlative analytic research with 78 samples. The questionnaire used was Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-G and Zung Self-rating Depression Scale. The mean fatigue score was 24.21 and 44.50 for depression. Pearson correlation result showed r=0.646 (p<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed R=4.18%, which means depression predicted about 40% by fatigue, and 60% influenced by other variables. There is a strong relationship between fatigue and depression. Management of depression and fatigue should be standard in patient care.
Reliabilitas Kaliper Tinggi Lutut dalam Penentuan Tinggi Badan
Authors: Kusuma Triya Ulva , Rosidi Ali
Published: September 2018

This study was conducted with the aim to test the reliability of knee height calliper which is then used to determine body height. The design of this research was observational with cross sectional approach with 22 subjects from Nutritional Science Master of Diponegoro University 2017 students. The measurement of height was done by microtoise, while knee height measurement was done by knee height calliper which then converted with chumlea formula. The reliability of knee height calliper and microtoise are tested by the test-retest method and the Pearson-Product Moment correlation technique. The reliability test results of knee height calliper and microtoise showed each r value is 0.991 and 0.099. These results showed that knee height calliper and microtoise are equally reliable used to determine body height.
Asuhan bidan dan perawat yang tepat mengurangi risiko kejadian hipotermi pada bayi baru lahir
Authors: Zulala Nuli Nuryanti , Sitaresmi Mei Neni , Sulistyaningsih Sulistyaningsih
Published: September 2018

Penelitian kohort prospektif ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh asuhan bidan dan perawat terhadap kejadian hipotermi pada bayi baru lahir. Subyek dikelompokan dalam kelompok asuhan tidak tepat (n=32) dan kelompok asuhan tepat (n=32). Observasi asuhan bidan dan perawat menggunakan checklist the warm chain dari WHO. Pengukuran suhu axila dilakukan pada menit ke-30, menit ke-60, jam ke-6, jam ke-12, jam ke-24. Hasil penelitian menunjukan asuhan perawat dan bidan yang tepat menurunkan risiko 1,4 kali kejadian hipotermi pada bayi baru lahir.Â
Динамика ареала волка (Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758) в таежной зоне европейского северо-востока России
Authors: Королев А. Н.
Published: September 2018

В XX в. ареал волка в таежной зоне европейского северо-востока России подвергся существенным изменениям. До 1940-х гг. хищник был обычен лишь на крайнем юге и крайнем севере региона, но уже к началу 1980-х гг. заселил всю его территорию. Основная причина трансформации ареала – фрагментация лесов и рост мозаичности угодий, главным образом, вследствие массовых лесозаготовок.
Sorting Through, and Sorting Out, Anthropomorphism in CSR
Authors: Hodge K. Mitch
Published: September 2018

This article reviews and discusses the various ways by which researchers in the cognitive science of religion have empirically demonstrated that neurotypical humans (a.k.a., the folk) represent supernatural agents through the cognitive analogical processes of anthropomorphism. These include attributing a human-like mind, human-like physical and mental limitations, and human-like sociability. Additionally, the article points to several problematic issues that CSR must needs address, such as how to better demarcate when the folk are anthropomorphizing versus simply attributing agency, and how CSR’s insistence that the folk represents supernatural agents as disembodied minds places it at odds with the overwhelming and devastating evidence to the contrary.
Test Preprint
Authors: DeHaven Alexander Carl , Sullivan Ian
Published: September 2018

A preprint is a great way to publish the findings of a research project after they have been written up but before they have been formally accepted for publication, greatly enhancing the discoverability of your findings and reducing the time it takes for the results to be built upon by others. They are also a great way to solicit feedback from colleagues by providing an easy means to share the manuscript. Version control allows you to keep track of the changes to the manuscript over time, allowing for updates to the work as necessary.
Filsafat Moral (Pergumulan Etis Keseharian Hidup Manusia)
Authors: Dewantara Agustinus
Published: September 2018

Etika ialah filsafat tentang tindakan manusia sebagai manusia (human action). Etika adalah filsafat yang berurusan dengan perbuatan manusia sejauh manusia. Apa yang dimaksud dengan ”action” di sini ialah itu yang menunjuk pada terminologi Aristotelian, ”praxis”, yang berbeda dengan ”theoria” atau spekulasi. ”Praxis” ialah tindakan konkrit yang langsung berkaitan dengan aktivitas kreatif, produktif, transformatif. Secara umum dapat dikatakan bahwa etika adalah filsafat tentang tindakan manusia sebagai manusia. Suatu tindakan itu mempunyai nilai etis bila dilakukan oleh manusia dan dalam kerangka manusiawi. Jelas bahwa etika itu berurusan secara langsung dengan tindakan atau tingkah laku manusia. Tingkah laku manusiawi ini bukan tingkah laku yang tidak ada artinya, tetapi yang mengejar nilai-nilai kebaikan
Baghdad Booksellers, Basra Carpet Merchants, and the Law of God and Man: Legal Pluralism and the Contemporary Muslim Experience
Authors: Hamoudi Haider Ala
Published: September 2018

1 Berkeley Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Law (Inaugural Issue) 83 (2008)There is a crisis in our law schools in the study of Islamic law and the law of the Muslim polities. The current approaches either focus exclusively on national codes to the derogation of other vitally important influences on the legal order, most importantly the body of norms and rules derived from Islamic foundational texts known as the shari'a, or they regard as secondary, and at times irrelevant, the actual legal order of the societies in favor of an academic construction of the theories of medieval Muslim jurists. Neither of these approaches reflects with a necessary degree of accuracy the actual form of legal order in any Muslim society. Adopting a legal pluralist model, this Article relays the actual workings of commercial order in two industries in Shi'i Iraq in order to demonstrate that in understanding the operation of law, and in particular commercial law, in at least parts of the modern Muslim world, both the ever present reality of the national law and contemporary manifestations of the shari'a need to be taken into account.
You Say You Want a Revolution: Interpretive Communities and the Origins of Islamic Finance
Authors: Hamoudi Haider Ala
Published: September 2018

"48 Virginia Journal of International Law 249 (2008)Despite its currently conservative character, the modern practice of Islamic finance lies on a bedrock of social, cultural and economic revolution. Examination of these revolutionary origins and their attendant jurisprudential implications reveal much about the schizophrenia plaguing Islamic finance today, of a largely formalist practice repeating the functional aims of the early revolutionaries and falsely understood by substantial portions of the wider Muslim community to be achieving such aims. Though the revolution has not come to pass, some of the comparatively radical functional approaches conceived in the context of the anticipated upheaval, and in particular those of the Iraqi Shi'i jurist Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr, deserve reconsideration and refinement as a means through which to reformulate the entire practice of Islamic finance in a manner that realizes more completely the aspirations of the broader Muslim community in its call for uniquely Islamic forms of human association in Muslim societies. Sadr's revolutionary goals are very much consistent with the rhetoric that proponents of Islamic finance and economics use to justify their practice. Yet Sadr, unlike his contemporaries, developed a functional theory of jurisprudence that relied on particular, acknowledged ideological understandings of foundational text that was intended precisely to achieve the articulated goals. Moreover, Sadr relied on a loose network of Shi'i jurists, largely based in Najaf, Iraq, known as the marja'iyya, to provide a more objective form of legitimacy to his ideas. Under Shi'i doctrine, the marja'iyya is responsible under Shi'i doctrine for deriving the rules of the shari'a. To Sadr, the marja'iyya as an institution could establish legitimate, neutral and definable bounds to interpretation that distinguish it from purely individualized, subjective political argument. These parameters would undoubtedly reflect ever changing ideological and ethical understandings of the foundational texts of Revelation. Nevertheless, within that framework, objective, disciplining rules would emerge to constrain individualized subjectivity on the part of any single jurist engaged in the process of interpretation. Some of the particularities of Sadr's economic and jurisprudential philosophy are grounded in his Shi'i context, but the broader lesson to be learned continues to resonate. While the dreams of economic revolution may have long faded, the absolute necessity of a jurisprudential revolution has not. Sadr's idea of a transformed and transforming jurisprudence, bounded by objective and neutral rules on interpretive process, imposed through the consensus of an interpretive community responsible for redefining the foundational texts from time to time, is instrumental to the development of a sensible and functional Islamic system based entirely in Islamic doctrine and responsive to the needs of the community."
消費税がもたらす負担の構造とそれを表現する複数の尺度 / Structure of Burdens Caused by the Japanese Consumption Tax and Some Scales That Measure Those Burdens
Authors: Tominaga Kazuto
Published: September 2018

The Japanese Consumption Tax (JCT) system is so designed that a seller of a product, who bears the liability of the tax, is to raise the selling price by the amount of tax to shift the tax burden to the buyer, and that the accumulated burden is finally borne by the consumer. The theory of indirect taxation regards the amount of price rise caused by a tax as the tax burden of the buyer. But the "included tax" price shown on a receipt represents merely 8/108 of the total price (in case of 8-percent tax rate) and is not necessarily the amount of price rise cased by the tax. Thus the amount of tax shifted from the seller to the buyer in each transaction is unclear. Taxation is intrinsically restriction on the property rights of people. This unclearness is a serious problem from the viewpoint of human rights.To approach this problem, the authors have proposed two scales for tax burdens, namely, legal burden and earning burden, and have given a preliminary discussion for the general public to organize burdens cased by JCT. In this paper, we elaborate their meanings in a more precise and learned manner. Legal burden represents the burden of private economic entity whose property is transferred to the government as a tax. Earning burden represents the burden of entity who cost something (such as effort) to earn money from the market. The present study shows the following observations: legal burden is not shifted in market transactions at all and is borne solely by the seller who is obliged to pay the tax; price change caused by a tax may results in earning burdens of the both parties of transaction; and income decrease, which is traditionally regarded as tax burden in the theory of indirect taxation, is just one aspect of earning burdens.我が国の消費税制度は、納税義務を負う売り手が税額を価格に上乗せして販売することで売り手に税負担を転嫁し、その税負担は最終的に全て消費者のものとなることを予定している。間接税の理論では通常、課税による値上がり分を買い手が引き受けると見なす。しかし領収書等に記される消費税分の額は単に価格の8/108（税率8%の場合）を示したものであり、必ずしも課税による値上がり分ではない。このため個々の取引において売り手から買い手に転嫁されている税額ははっきりしない。税は国民の財産権に関する制限であり、税負担の額が明らかでないことは人権の観点から問題である。筆者らはこの問題に対して既に、法的負担と稼得負担という尺度概念を提案し、それらを用いて消費税の負担を整理する予備的な議論を一般向けに行った。本稿ではより学術的かつ精確にそれらの尺度の意味付けを試みる。法的負担とは私的経済主体が課税によって自らの所有から財産を政府に移転させられるという負担を表す。稼得負担とは私的経済主体が市場から金銭を稼ぐために代償（努力など）を払うという負担を表す。消費税の負担についてこれらの尺度を用いて検討することにより、法的負担は売買において取引相手に転嫁されることはなく、納税義務を負う売り手が正確に税額を負担する税であること、また課税による価格の変化は当事者に稼得負担を引き起こすことがあり、間接税の理論で負担と見なされる所得の減少はその一面であることを示す。
Sex and the Shari'a: Defining Gender Norms and Sexual Deviancy in Shi'i Islam
Authors: Hamoudi Haider Ala
Published: September 2018

39 Fordham International Law Journal 25 (2015)This paper demonstrates that modern authoritative jurists working within the Shi'i tradition have developed their rules respecting sex regulation to serve three primary commitments. The first of these is that there is an intense and near debilitating desire on the part of human beings generally, though mostly men, for a great deal of sex. This desire must be satisfied, but it also must be tightly controlled. This is because of the second commitment, which is that excessive licentiousness is a form of secular distraction from a believer's central obligation to worship God. Finally, and perhaps the most interesting, is the commitment to maintain and uphold gender differentiation in order to ensure the preservation of traditional gender roles within a gendered hierarchy firmly established in the marital contract. That is, there must be clear delineations between men, on the one hand, and women, on the other, if hierarchies relating to the respective roles of husbands and wives are to be maintained. Having described the commitments, the paper sets out some of the key implications that result from them. These include fierce intolerance of nonmarital sex, which is presumed to distract the believer from the worship of God, and an even fiercer intolerance of homosexuality, which challenges the strict gender norms established in marital contracts. Interestingly, however, other consequences of Shi'i Islam's commitments are relative tolerance of sex change operations, and acceptance of at least some forms of sexual gratification with child wives. The conclusion offers brief remarks on the relationship of this normative framework to actual law and social practice in contemporary Shi'i societies.
Ornamental Repugnancy: Identitarian Islam and the Iraqi Constitution
Authors: Hamoudi Haider Ala
Published: September 2018

7 University of St. Thomas Law Journal 692 (2010)For nearly six years after the enactment of Iraq's final constitution, the Federal Supreme Court of Iraq did not render a single ruling respecting the conformity of any law to the "settled rulings of Islam" despite being empowered to do precisely that under Article 2 of the Iraqi Constitution. While since then there has been more activity along these lines, the effect of the so-called repugnancy clause is on that is swiftly devolving from a matter that was of some importance during constitutional negotiations into one that is more symbolic than real -- an assertion of identity, primarily of the Islamic variety (though when combined with Article 92, to some extent of the Shi'i Islamic variety) -- more than a phrase of legal substance. Iraqis appear to have reached a careful, unspoken consensus, that irrespective of the extent to which Islam or Islamic law is to be relevant in Iraq, the judiciary is not the institution best equipped to address questions of Islamicity of law, and thus Article 2, and indeed the very notion of repugnancy, is, at best, marginal in terms of its legal effect. The purpose of this Article is to explain how this came to be.
Money Laundering Amidst Mortars: Legislative Process and State Authority in Post-Invasion Iraq
Authors: Hamoudi Haider Ala
Published: September 2018

16 Transnational Law and Contemporary Problems 523 (2007)There existed a substantial divergence between the Coalition Provisional Authority, the U.S. and U.K. run entity responsible for governing Iraq after the fall of the Saddam Hussein regime, and the Iraqi body politic over the most fundamental assumptions and biases underlying political and economic forms of human association. This made effective governance by the CPA an impossible proposition. The disparate assumptions and biases in question related to the relationship of state authority and law to alternative religious and culturally based sources of authority. Specifically, the dominant Iraqi assumption is that religious institutions of authority, and in particular, the powerful Shi'i religious institution known as the marja'iyya, are not political, and that therefore matters that should be governed by religious authority are to be administered largely by elements operating beyond state control. Any prescriptive approach to legal change in Iraq requires an understanding of this central fact. The Article attempts to demonstrate this thesis with reference to a CPA order concerning money laundering whose terms the author participated in negotiating. In this example, the Iraqi presuppositions and biases manifested themselves in objections to CPA proposals regarding preferred modalities of regulation and enforcement, with regulatory exemptions sought for particular commercial actors over whom it was assumed that alternative, non state based forms of authority were more appropriate. The Article proposes a solution to this problem through a paradigm shift in the understanding of certain religious prohibitions on commercial activity, which could lead to a more salutary regulatory regime that harmonizes both state and religious forms of authority.
The Network Structure of Schizotypy in the General Population
Authors: Polner Bertalan , Faiola Eliana , Urquijo Maria F. , Meyhöfer Inga , Steffens Maria , Rónai Levente , Koutsouleris Nikolaos , Ettinger Ulrich
Published: September 2018

Schizotypal personality traits show similarity with schizophrenia at various levels of analysis. It is generally agreed that schizotypal personality is multidimensional, however, it is still debated whether impulsive nonconformity should be incorporated into theories and measurement of schizotypy. In addition, relatively little is known about the network structure of the four-dimensional model of schizotypal personality. To estimate the network structure of schizotypy, we used data from participants recruited from the community (N = 11807) who completed the short version of the Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences, a widespread self-report instrument that assesses the positive, negative, disorganised and impulsive domains of schizotypy. We performed community detection, then examined differences between communities in terms of centralities and compared the strength of edges within and between communities. We found communities that almost perfectly corresponded to the a priori defined subscales (93% overlap, normalized mutual information = 0.74). Items in the disorganisation community had higher closeness centrality relative to items in the other communities (Cliff’s Δs ranged from 0.55 to 0.83) and weights of edges within the disorganisation community were stronger as compared to the negative schizotypy and impulsive nonconformity communities (Cliff’s Δs = 0.33). Our findings imply that the inclusion of impulsive nonconformity items does not dilute the classical three factor structure of positive, negative and disorganised schizotypy. The high closeness centrality of disorganisation concurs with theories positing that cognitive slippage and associative loosening are core features of the schizophrenic phenotype.
A test of perfectionistic vulnerability following competitive failure among college athletes
Authors: Curran Thomas , Hill Andrew P.
Published: September 2018

Perfectionism purportedly bestows vulnerability to distress via an interaction with achievement and interpersonal stress. We test this by assessing athletes’ perfectionism and subsequent self-conscious emotion following repeated competitive failure. Sixty college athletes undertook three 4-minute competitive sprint trials on a cycle ergometer and were instructed that they had performed the worst of all competitors on each occasion. Measures of perfectionism (self-oriented and socially prescribed) were taken at baseline and measures of pride, guilt, and shame were taken at baseline and three times following each successive failure. Across the successive failures, self-oriented perfectionism predicted within-person trajectories of decreasing pride and increasing guilt. Socially prescribed perfectionism predicted within-person trajectories of increasing shame and guilt. Furthermore, a combination of high self-oriented and high socially prescribed perfectionism predicted the steepest within-person increases in shame and guilt. Findings support an achievement specific vulnerability hypothesis whereby those higher in perfectionism experience pronounced distress following competitive failure.