bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Concordance between Isothermal Amplification-Real Time Fluorescence Assay and Reverse Transcriptase Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction for Detecting SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Irawati Indri , Turbawaty Dewi Kartika , Suraya Nida
Published: January 2025

Background: There are various nucleic-acid-based diagnostic tests used to detect SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 patients such as reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and isothermal amplification real time fluorescence assay (IARTFA), with the first-mentioned is considered as the gold standard. The IARTFA is an alternative method using cross priming amplification (CPA) technique under constant temperature, with a simpler procedure and faster result. This study aimed to determine the concordance between IARTFA and RT-PCR in detecting SARS-CoV-2.Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study with a random sampling method, conducted from August-October 2021 in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung. Data on patients was obtained from medical records. Cohen's kappa test was used to determine concordance between both methods.Results: A total of 30 subjects were collected, including subjects with positive result on RT-PCR and IARTFA (n=15), negative result on both methods (n=5), and with positive result on RT-PCR but negative on IARTFA (n=10). There were discrepancies between both methods in subjects with cycle threshold (CT) values ≥35. However, there was a significant concordance between both methods (Cohen’s kappa coefficient of 1, p = 0.006).Conclusion: In addition to RT-PCR, IARTFA is an alternative method for detecting SARS-CoV-2 with advantages and excellent concordance. In communicable diseases such as COVID-19, along with healthy lifestyles such as isolation and wearing masks, early diagnosis is important to prevent and manage the spread of the disease.
Large-scale model tests on performance of shallow circular footings on geogrid-reinforced sand
Authors: Guo Xiaopeng , Chen Jianfeng , Huang Qiangqiang , Yu Songbo
Published: January 2025

In this paper, plate loading tests were conducted to investigate the load and deformation behaviors of the geogrid-reinforced sand foundation under circular footing with a diameter of 0.4 m. The parameters examined include the reinforcement tensile stiffness, the number of reinforcement layers, and the spacing between reinforcement layers. The vertical stresses in the soil, surface deformations and strains in geogrids were monitored during loading. Test results show that the efficiency of geogrids in improving soil’s bearing capacity is closely related to footing settlement. The larger the settlement, the better the reinforcing effect as s/D >3%, where s and D are the settlement and diameter of circular footing, respectively. The stiffness, spacing and number of reinforcements significantly influence the stress distribution effect of geogrid-reinforced zone. The effective influencing depth and diameter of the stress distribution effect are approximately 3D and 1.4D, respectively. Generally, the maximum tensile strain in the geogrids occurs around the footing center, while the maximum compressive strain is located at approximately 1D from the center. The maximum tensile strain is greater affected by the vertical spacing, whereas the number of reinforcement layers has a significant effect on the maximum compressive strain.
Experimental parametric analysis and numerical simulation of ultra-high-performance concrete beams with microfibers
Authors: Franke Melchiors Eduarda , Bolina Fabricio L. , Pachla Eduardo , Webber Jaíne , de Matos Paulo Ricardo , Rodríguez Erich D.
Published: January 2025

Ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) is a new generation of cementitious material with exceptional mechanical properties. In this study, the effects of type and contents of different microfibers on the mechanical performance of reinforced concrete beams were determined using finite-element (FE) analysis with Abaqus software. The cross-sectional stresses and deflections of UHPC beams containing aramid, basalt, and steel (contents of 1% and 2% by volume) microfibers were assessed. The parametric data of the FE model were defined on the basis of experimentally evaluated results of small-scale specimens. The compressive and tensile strengths of the fiber-reinforced UHPCs were determined. Although the small-scale results indicated an improvement in the tensile behavior of the UHPC and a negligible influence of fiber content on the compressive behavior, the numerical results showed that the use of fibers had no significant effect on the mechanical behavior of the beams (i.e. at ultimate state). The fibers increased the elastic performance of the beams but had little effect on their plastic behavior. Except for the incorporation of 2% steel fibers, the mechanical capacities of the UHPC beams were reduced.
Determinant of Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence among Patients Using Community Pharmacies and Public Hospitals as their HIV-Focused Pick-up Centres: A Comparative Study Odunayo Betty Olaleye1* Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi2
Authors: BO Olaleye , OS Ilesanmi
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a major global health emergency that affects all
regions of the world, countries, races, and different groups of people causing millions of deaths and suffering. This study aimed to determine ARV
therapy adherence among patients using community pharmacies and Eleta Hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria.
Methods: A cross-sectional study that employed quantitative data collection methods from 373 patient records at 10 community pharmacies and
227 patients’ records at Eleta secondary facility were conducted. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, including Chi-square and logistic
regression analysis, were used to find adherence rates to Antiretroviral Therapy (ARV).
Results: The median age of the participants was 37.35 and 393 (65.5%) were females. The study revealed that the default rates were higher in
community pharmacies (17%) than in the secondary facility (6%). Those who utilized community pharmacies were 265 (71.2%) while 128 (56.4%)
used the general hospital. Male patients had significantly higher odds (approximately four times) of HIV medication adherence compared to female
patients (AOR = 4.082, p < 0.001). When considering community and secondary health facility data, male patients had significantly higher odds
(approximately 2.43 times) of adherence than female patients (AOR = 2.426, p = 0.002).
Conclusion: Both community-based and facility-based pick-up centers have the potential of improving adherence rates. These insights can be used
to develop comprehensive strategies aimed at reducing the burden of HIV/AIDS.
Paradoxical Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome Complicating HIV/AIDS with Disseminated Tuberculosis: A Case Report
Authors: AK Althaqib , WK Jarwan , NM Bahatheq , SM Alrashidi , MA Alharbi , M Elkarouri
Published: January 2025

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of global mortality and is the most common opportunistic infection in individuals with Human
Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Among its severe manifestations, Tuberculosis Meningitis (TBM) presents a significant clinical challenge due to its
high mortality rate and the complexities of treatment. This case report presents a 33-year-old Middle Eastern male diagnosed simultaneously
with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome and disseminated tuberculosis including tuberculosis meningitis.
Initial management included anti-tuberculosis treatment and prophylactic steroid, followed by the initiation of antiretroviral therapy five weeks
later. Despite these interventions, the patient developed Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS). The case highlights the challenges
in managing opportunistic infections in advanced human immunodeficiency virus cases, emphasizing the need for new strategies to reduce the
incidence of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome and its complications while identifying the most effective approach in managing such
cases.
Analysing Factors Leading to Catastrophic Expenditure in Surgical Health Care
Authors: Kuzu Serdar , Kablan Ali , Demir İbrahim
Published: January 2025

Catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) occurs when households reduce their basic expenses to finance health services in a certain period and when individuals' out-of-pocket expenses exceed or cover a large portion of the household's expenditure or income. This study analyzes the relationship between the CHE level and the share of public health expenditures in overall health expenditures(HE), an essential indicator of the health system's structure and the country's income level. The study found that the proportion of public HEs in total HEs and per capita income calculated using purchasing power parity had a statistically significant negative impact on the risk of CHEs for surgical procedures.
Kamu ve Özel Sağlık Kuruluşlarında Çevresel Belirsizlik, Örgütsel Ustalık ve Performans Etkileşimi
Authors: Ardıç Mesut , Akbolat Mahmut , Döven Musa Said
Published: January 2025

Bu çalışmanın amacı, sağlık kuruluşlarında çevresel belirsizlik, örgütsel performans ve örgütsel ustalık etkileşimini incelemektir. Orta Karadeniz Bölgesi'ndeki kamu ve özel hastanelerde çalışan 266 yöneticiye anket uygulanmıştır. Çalışmada nicel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada veriler yüz yüze ve çevrim içi (Google Form aracılığıyla) anket tekniği ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde SPSS ve AMOS programları ile analiz edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, sağlık kuruluşları yöneticilerinin algıladıkları çevresel belirisizliğin hastane performansı üzerindeki etkisinde örgütsel ustalığın aracılık etkisini göstermiştir. Bu nedenle, hastanelerin çevresel belirsizlik ve yoğun rekabet ortamında etkin olabilmeleri için örgütsel ustalık stratejilerini benimsemeleri önerilmektedir.
Türkiye’de Dış Borçlanma ve Yaşam Standardı İlişkisi: Ampirik Bir Analiz
Authors: Kadiroğlu Ahmet
Published: January 2025

Bu çalışma, dış borcun Türkiye’deki yaşam standardı üzerindeki etkisini araştırmayı amaçlamıştır. 1987-2022 döneminin ele alındığı analizlerde ARDL yaklaşımından faydalanılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, dış borç servisi, kamu harcamaları ile enflasyonun Türkiye’deki kişi başına düşen gelirin önemli bir belirleyicisi olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda, Türkiye’de enflasyon artışının engellenmesi yönünde yapısal reformlar yanında üretimi ve fiyat istikrarını sağlayıcı politikaların oluşturulması kişisel geliri artırmada bir önlem olarak değerlendirilebilir. Türkiye'de dış borçlanmanın yaşam standartları üzerindeki etkisinin daha önce incelenmemiş olması, çalışmanın bulgularını yenilikçi kılmaktadır.
Unveiling the Effects of Key Audit Matters on Stock Market Indicators: The Effectiveness of PCA and Curvilinear Regression
Authors: Kurtlar Murat
Published: January 2025

This study examines the effects of key audit matters on the stock market performance of 95 companies traded on Borsa Istanbul. Key audit matters such as Tangible Fixed Assets, Intangible Fixed Assets, Inventories, Revenue, Trade Receivables, Trade Payables and Cash are associated with the price-earnings ratio, market value/book value ratio and earnings per share. Due to the high correlation between key audit matters, dimensionality reduction has been performed using PCA. As a result of linear and curvilinear regression analyses, it has been determined that the curvilinear model provided higher accuracy and fit with lower MSE and MAE values and significant p-values.
Examining the Relationship between Personality Traits and Burnout Levels of Individuals: A Comparative Analysis of the Big Five and HEXACO Personality Models
Authors: Sarıkaya Onur , Atsan Nuray
Published: January 2025

This study investigates how personality traits relate to burnout among 514 Turkish academics using the “Big Five” and “HEXACO” personality models. Data were collected via online surveys. In the “Big Five personality model”, all traits except emotional stability negatively correlated with burnout. In the “HEXACO personality model”, “honesty-humility”, “extraversion”, “agreeableness”, “conscientiousness”, and “openness to experience” also had negative correlations, while “emotionality” showed a positive correlation with burnout. The “Big Five” personality traits had generally stronger correlations with burnout. This study uniquely compares the “Big Five” with the “HEXACO” personality models.
Improved global convergence results for augmented Lagrangian method with exponential penalty function
Authors:   Facultad de Ciencias. Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, Lima, Perú., Navarro Rojas Frank , Ticona Quispe Luis G.
Published: January 2025

El propósito del presente artículo es el de mejorar los resultados de convergencia global establecidos hasta ahora, referentes al Algoritmo de Lagrangiano aumentado con función de penalidad exponencial para resolver problemas de programación no lineal con restricciones de igualdad y de desigualdad. Demostramos la convergencia global para puntos KKT bajo la condición de calificación PAKKT-regular, que resulta como una consecuencia de que puntos de acumulación generados por el algoritmo son puntos PAKKT. Este resultado de convergencia es nuevo para el Método Lagrangiano aumentado basado en la función de penalización exponencial. Una consecuencia interesante es que las estimaciones de los multiplicadores de Lagrange calculadas por el método permanecen acotados en presencia de la condición de cuasi-normalidad. Finalmente damos resultados de optimalidad y viabilidad para el caso convexo.
Numerical implementation of a stochastic differential equation of motion
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Perú., Torres Murga Saúl Moisés
Published: January 2025

Using the ordinary differential equation of motion it is possible to determine the position in time of a mass that moves because it is disturbed by some deterministic action. For this work it was proposed to model a mass supporting a random disturbance. To do this, it was required to model Brownian motion since it efficiently represents the randomness of the phenomenon. Using the fundamentals of Functional Analysis, Probability Theory and Stochastic Processes, a stochastic differential equation of motion was obtained. In order to extract solutions from this equation, the Euler-Maruyama method was used, which was implemented computationally. The results obtained showed that the use of a non-deterministic version to model movement generates satisfactory results and of interest to science.
Harmonic analysis and partial differential equations. Brief walk through these domains
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Perú., Ortiz Fernández Alejandro
Published: January 2025

In this walk we are going to walk through some domains of harmonic analysis and partial differential equations (PDE). The objective of this article is to motivate students and colleagues to study these beautiful areas of analysis and therefore we emphasize the ideas, some mathematical results and some historical data. In this “ tourist” tour we will see a panorama of such areas in the 19th and 20 th centuries, a panorama of the Fourier series; we give a vision of the theory of distributions, of the theory of linear partial differential operators and we culminate by given a vision of harmonic analysis and its relationship we the PDE.
Caminhabilidade no campus da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora
Authors: Rodrigues Thaiane Cardoso , Souza Geovani Genovez , Gomes Olívia Rosa , Castañon José Alberto Barroso , Borges Marcos Martins
Published: January 2025

Este artículo pretende analizar la calidad de la transitabilidad a pie en la meseta de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF) según el Índice de Caminabilidad (Icam2.0) desarrollado por el Instituto de Políticas de Transporte y Desarrollo (ITDP). La mejora de la transitabilidad a pie en este campus podría ayudar a reducir el impacto del tráfico generado por la institución, que es un importante generador de tráfico y uno de los principales puntos de acceso a la región oeste de la ciudad.  Este análisis constató que la tipología de los campus federales de la primera fase de expansión de la enseñanza superior en Brasil -entre 1960 y 1970- es desfavorable a la transitabilidad a pie y sugiere propuestas para reducir la dependencia del vehículo motorizado individual y fomentar la movilidad activa en la zona analizada.
Gestão de Resíduos Recicláveis no Brasil e no mundo
Authors: Protásio Júlia Ramos , Ventura Katia Sakihama , Morais Mariana Sedenho de
Published: January 2025

Durante eventos de pandemia, la calidad de la gestión del sector de Residuos Secos Reciclables (RSR) se considera fundamental para garantizar una disposición segura y sostenible ante los desafíos impuestos. Ante el creciente número de casos durante la pandemia de Covid-19, agencias nacionales e internacionales han publicado recomendaciones para garantizar la salud en el sector, definiendo estrategias para garantizar la salud de la población y los trabajadores. En este sentido, el objetivo de este estudio fue identificar las recomendaciones, estrategias y acciones propuestas por instituciones, agencias y entidades a nivel nacional e internacional. El método de esta investigación se desarrolló de manera descriptiva y exploratoria, a través de una revisión bibliográfica y análisis de documentos, además de la consulta de plataformas institucionales en medios digitales. Los resultados obtenidos de este estudio se presentan en tres temas: (I) la exposición de los desafíos de los sectores de gestión de RSR durante la pandemia; (II) la presentación de las recomendaciones identificadas para la gestión de la RSR, que incluyó un análisis de todas las propuestas en la literatura de agencias nacionales e internacionales para este sector; y (III) la propuesta de recomendaciones para el manejo de RSR en eventos pandémicos. Las directrices organizadas en este artículo tienen como objetivo apoyar futuras investigaciones relacionadas con la gestión de residuos sólidos, orientar a las administraciones municipales y brindar apoyo para futuras emergencias sanitarias.
Cidades Inteligentes e a Mobilidade Urbana Sustentável
Authors: Pedott Georgea Marthina , Neckel Alcindo , Silva Thaísa Leal da
Published: January 2025

El aumento de población en las ciudades nos lleva a la comprensión de una nueva estructura urbana, y con una movilidad urbana muy compleja. En este contexto, las ciudades han estado buscando estrategias para mejorar los viajes, alternativas más eficientes en un intento de mitigar las consecuencias que trae este aumento poblacional. Una alternativa es el concepto de ciudades inteligentes, que pretende alinear los avances tecnológicos con el progreso social y medioambiental, mejorando la eficiencia de los sistemas urbanos y centrándose en una movilidad más activa y sostenible. En este sentido, este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la red de vías ciclistas de Passo Fundo/RS a través de un método de evaluación de listas de verificación de variables aplicado a las vías ciclistas de la ciudad. De esta manera, se realizó una investigación de campo para analizar 15 variables relacionadas con las características de las ciclovías y su entorno, como estado de conservación, dimensiones, presencia de equipamiento urbano, paradas de autobús, estaciones compartidas, entre otras. El análisis se realizó cada 200 metros a lo largo de toda la ciclovía de la ciudad, totalizando 33 puntos de recolección. A partir de los resultados fue posible identificar algunas debilidades relacionadas con la accesibilidad, implementación de aceras públicas y dimensiones mínimas de las ciclovías. Así, los análisis realizados pueden servir de apoyo para futuros ajustes y mejoras, así como para fomentar una movilidad urbana más sostenible, transformando la bicicleta en un modo de transporte accesible para los residentes de las ciudades.
Una ley para la igualdad
Authors: autores Varios
Published: January 2025

A lo largo de los artÃ­culos que componen el monogrÃ¡fico que se presenta a continuaciÃ³n, sus autoras repasan las mejoras alcanzadas con la promulgaciÃ³n de la LOI y los retos pendientes e incluso los riesgos emergentes en el camino hacia la igualdad. Desde una visiÃ³n multidisciplinar se analizan importantes aspectos sociolÃ³gicos y jurÃ­dicos en el marco de la aplicaciÃ³n de la ley, a partir de un anÃ¡lisis detallado de los efectos de la incorporaciÃ³n de la transversalidad, las acciones positivas y otras medidas propuestas por la LOI, como los planes de igualdad.
Dones i quÃ­mica
Authors: autores Varios
Published: January 2025

Quaderns de la Igualtat Ã©s una iniciativa de l'Observatori de la Igualtat de la Universitat Rovira i Virgili. Aquesta publicaciÃ³ representa la materialitzaciÃ³ de diverses mesures previstes al Pla d'igualtat de la URV (2007-2010), en quÃ¨ es plasma el compromÃ­s de la Universitat amb els valors de la igualtat i la no-discriminaciÃ³. Quaderns de la Igualtat vol ser un espai que serveixi per difondre l'activitat investigadora en matÃ¨ria de polÃ­tiques d’igualtat per raÃ³ de gÃ¨nere i aspira a facilitar a la comunitat acadÃ¨mica i cientÃ­fica una nova eina al servei de la transferÃ¨ncia de coneixement sobre dones i feminisme.
An Innovative Office-Based Technique for Urethral and Bladder Stones: A Case Report
Authors: Amr Elmekresh , Ozair Al Ziyada , Tariq Abdul Hamid , Fadhel Yusuf , Ayman AlYammahi , Elena Surovtseva , Elham Mahjoor Azad , Abdulmunem Alsadi , Mohamed Kay Mohamed Kaya , Yaser Saeedi , Fariborz Bagheri
Published: January 2025

This case report presents a novel, cost-effective, and minimally invasive office-based approach for managing urethral and bladder stones in an emergency setting. The method involves initial stone manipulation into the bladder, followed by Foley catheter placement and a regimen of tamsulosin to enhance urethral dilation and urine flow. Instillagel is subsequently applied after catheter removal to aid stone expulsion. This technique avoids surgery, demonstrating efficacy in a patient with a 6 mm urethral stone, providing a patient-friendly and resource-conscious alternative to traditional management.
In-vivo Immune Analysis of Capsular Type Ia Antigen of Streptococcus Agalactiae Encapsulated with PLGA
Authors: Faranak Mirtalebi , Reza Shapouri , Parivash Ghaderinia , Javad Naserian
Published: January 2025

Background: Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) due to the polysaccharide capsule and causing invasive infections, bacteremia, pneumonia, and meningitis in neonatal with 5% mortality considered the most critical pathogen. In order to increase the immunity level by the capsular type Ia antigen of S. agalactiae, conjugated polydlyl lactide-co-glycolide nanoparticles (PLGA_NP), we proposed a more effective vaccine against infections caused by S. agalactiae. In addition, the cytotoxicity of the NPs as a carrier in the fabrication of the nano-vaccine in the animal model of rats was investigated.
Materials & methods: Isolation of capsules from S. agalactiae, and preparation of PLGA nanoparticles containing type Ia capsules done. After conjugating the PLGA_NP with type Ia capsules, it was characterized using spectroscopy techniques. Rat vaccination and immunization process, rat survival model, spleen culture method on rats and neonatal rats, and opsonophagocytosis test were performed.
Results: The zeta potential of PLGA_NP was -19 mv, and for the conjugated capsule (CPS)-PLGA was -10.34 mv. The size of PLGA-CPS is 256.5 nm. The mean of the pathogenic strain of S. agalactiaeafter exposure to the immune system of the CPS-PLGA group was lower than in other experimental groups. Reduced growth of S. agalactiae colonies in the vaccine candidate group compared to the other groups reported (p < 0.05), and in rat opsonophagocytosis test, the CPS-PLGA vaccine candidate group has the lowest growth value in the percentage of grown colonies compared to other tested groups (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: It can be concluded that the potential performance of the CPS-PLGA vaccine candidate group is ineffective stimulation and enhancement of infection for diagnosis. On the other hand, according to data analysis, this vaccine group has a significant difference from other vaccine groups (p < 0.05). The prepared antigen can be used as a candidate vaccine to treat congenital infections and premature invasive neonatal infections in the animal model of rats due to its high efficacy in infection.
Tecnologías digitales en la educación musical. El uso de Estaciones de Trabajo de Audio Digital (DAW) con Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos (ABP)
Authors: Cuenca-Rodríguez María Elena , Pascual-Moltó Ignacio , Pastor-Prada Raquel
Published: January 2025

BandLab and Walk Band are two mobile and web-based applications that let users create and record their own songs, providing them with a variety of virtual instruments, samples, loops and drum machines. These applications can be used as educational tools to encourage musical learning and creativity in secondary and higher education students. This article discusses the advantages and challenges of using these applications in education and offers some recommendations for their pedagogical use. The objective is to show how BandLab and Walk Band can contribute to the development of musical, artistic and digital proficiency in students as well as create collaborative learning communities. A literature review on previous uses of multitrack sequencers is also done, and some examples of didactic proposals on music creation and musical arrangements are offered on how to integrate these applications in the music curriculum in secondary education and in interdisciplinary projects in higher education. Finally, some challenges and opportunities are presented for research and educational innovation through the use of these technologies in the field of music creation.
C. elegans culture and maintenance v1
Authors: Donnelly Justin
Published: January 2025

This protocol describes the maintenance of C. elegans WT and homozygous strains, as well as a procedure for cryopreservation and revival of this organism.
Bleach life-stage synchronization of C. elegans v1
Authors: Donnelly Justin
Published: January 2025

This protocol describes the procedure for synchronizing the life stage of C. elegans worms by bleaching gravid adults so that they release their eggs, which have greater resistance to bleach than hatched worms. This procedure can be useful for eliminating the variable of life stage from downstream experiments, and is also necessary for cryopreservation of this organism.
Security and Diplomacy Amid Uncertainties
Authors: Othman Zarina , Mat Bakri , Azman Muhammad Danial
Published: January 2025

The Volume 4, Issue 2, 2024 edition of the SINERGI: Journal of Strategic Studies & International Affairs examines key themes in history, diplomacy and security, with a strong focus on China’s role in shaping global and regional dynamics. From its historical connections with Islam during the Tang Dynasty to its modern Belt and Road Initiatives in Southeast Asia, China’s influence remains pivotal. Articles explore China’s impact on Indonesia’s foreign policy, Malaysia’s migrant labour governance, and Taiwan’s technological aspirations. Broader topics, including the US presidential election, Gulf States’ responses to the Palestine-Israel conflict, and Myanmar’s instability, are also addressed. This edition further highlights Malaysia’s developmental policies, its ties with China, and critical book reviews on regional strategies. Together, the articles offer diverse perspectives on historical legacies and modern political challenges, providing valuable insights into international diplomacy and the complexities of a multipolar world.

Keywords: China; diplomacy; history; security; USA
Contemporary Sino-Indonesian Relations
Authors: Tiecheng Tian , Othman Zarina , Khairi Aizat
Published: January 2025

Sino-Indonesian relations are characterised by a complex interplay of economic opportunities and geopolitical challenges, shaping both nations' roles in Southeast Asia. This study examines Indonesia’s engagement with China, particularly through its participation in the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Rail project, as a strategy to address critical infrastructure deficits. While Chinese investments have driven industrial modernisation, issues such as cost overruns, project delays, debt dependency, and environmental risks pose significant concerns. Geopolitically, Indonesia’s strategic location in the Indo-Pacific positions it as a pivotal player amidst intensifying regional rivalries. Despite its non-claimant status in the South China Sea dispute, Chinese incursions into Indonesia’s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) near the Natuna Islands have prompted Jakarta to adopt a more assertive defence policy. Using a qualitative approach and secondary data analysis, this study explores how Indonesia balances economic cooperation with the geopolitical complexities arising from China’s growing influence and the United States’ counterbalancing strategies in the Indo-Pacific. The findings reveal that while economic collaboration with China remains robust—particularly in trade, renewable energy, and electric vehicle manufacturing—Indonesia is increasingly diversifying partnerships and leveraging platforms like ASEAN and the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) to mitigate dependency risks. This study underscores the importance of pragmatic engagement, transparency, and trust-building to manage bilateral tensions while advancing mutual growth. Sino-Indonesian relations profoundly influence Southeast Asia’s economic and geopolitical landscape, making sustainable and equitable practices essential for regional stability and shared development.

Keywords: Belt and Road Initiative; Indo-Pacific strategy; regional stability; Sino-Indonesian relations; South China Sea
Calculation of pHt values at operating parameters of water coolant of the secondary circuit of NPPs with PWR
Authors:   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University, Larin A.B. , Larin B.M. ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University, Zotova K.V. ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University
Published: January 2025

The main issue of the water-chemical mode (WCM) of the secondary circuit of a nuclear power plant (NPP) is to ensure trouble-free operation of the main equipment by maintaining such physical and chemical properties of the coolant that would prevent corrosion and deposition of internal surfaces equipment. The rate of corrosion depends on the pH value, which is measured in cooled samples (at 25 °C) and taken at control points throughout the steam-water circuit. Temperature increasing leads to the change in dissociation of electrolytes, their activity coefficients, and the dissociation constants of water and dissolved electrolytes change. These changes lead to the fact that the pH values measured at 25 °C do not correspond to the real values of the pH value at the operation parameters of the coolant. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor pH value at the actual temperature (pHt) and, in case of indicator deviations, to correct a water chemistry mode. The problem may be solved semi-empirically, that is to calculate pHt values using developed mathematical models with some data obtained from chemical monitoring devices. Mathematical models to calculate pHt are based on equations of the theory of electrolyte solutions. Previously obtained temperature-dependent values of the ionic product of water, specific electrical conductivity and dissociation constants of electrolytes have been used. The authors have developed mathematical models of coolant ionic equilibria under conditions of hydrazine-ammonia water chemistry mode. pHt values in aqueous solutions of carbonic acid and ammonia have been calculated. The determination of the high-temperature pH value is of great practical importance, especially for nuclear power plant units with PWR. The results obtained show that it is possible to monitor this indicator using the devices already available at the station for automatic chemical control. The values of thermal pH calculated according to the algorithms developed by the authors are comparable with the results of other studies. The results obtained may be used to develop complex algorithms to calculate pH for industrial conditions.
Chemical control of organic substances along water steam path of the power unit
Authors:   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University, Larin A.B. , Larin B.M. ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University, Ukhalova E.G. ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University, Khripkova L.N. ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University
Published: January 2025

The use of amino-containing reagents protects the heating surfaces of power equipment, as well as condensate and steam pipelines against corrosion both during operation of the equipment and standby mode. Currently, the ammonia-ethanolamine water regime of the second circuit is being implemented at most power units of the VVER-1000 NPP in Russia, which, compared with the traditional ammonia-water-chemical regime, causes an increase of chemical control and requires its optimization. Thus, the study under consideration is relevant. To control the water chemistry regime during the testing period at two VVER-1000 power units, the existing AHK system has been upgraded. “Leader APK” analyzers have been installed for automatic chemical control of the pH value, and electrical conductivity of direct and N-cationized samples with calculation of the concentration of an alkalizing agent (ammonia, ethanolamine). At the same time, the NPP staff have performed regular measurements of controlled water and steam quality parameters, supplemented by measurements of discrete organic chemicals using the IONEX liquid chromatograph. The authors have conducted instrument and manual analysis of water and steam quality indicators of two NPP units with VVER-1000 (2nd circuit); have calculated the components of the “total organic carbon” indicator and have analyzed their changes along the water steam path of unit No. 2. The use of the automatic analyzer “Leader APK” to control ammonia-ethanolamine water chemistry regime of the second circuit is proposed. An example of the calculation of the total concentration of alkalizing reagents is given. The possibility to maintain the pH of feed and boiler water within the normalized dosage limits of ethanolamine (or ethanolamine or ammonia) in feed water according to the standard scheme is shown. The calculation substantiates the possibility of operational control of the pH index, the total concentration of ammonia and ethanolamine in the feed water of the second circuit of the nuclear power plant unit with VVER.
Study of wind speed influence on non-uniformity of air flow distribution in tower cooling towers
Authors:   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University, Fomichev M.D. , Zhukov V.P. ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University, Kozlova M.V. ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University
Published: January 2025

The shortage of sources of low-mineralized water in the areas of construction and operation of powerful power units of thermal power plants and nuclear power plants necessitates to increase the efficiency of circulating cooling systems. Under these conditions, water recycling systems with cooling towers play a key role, increasing efficiency of which by modeling and optimizing heat and mass transfer processes becomes an urgent task. Modeling of the movement of air flows in a cooling tower is carried out using a package in ANSYS Fluent. The water-cooling process, considering the found distribution of air velocities across the cross section of the cooling tower, is calculated within the framework of the matrix modeling methodology of multi-flow heat and mass transfer installations. As a result of the study, the air velocity field and the distribution of air flows across the cross section of the cooling tower at different wind speeds have been found. The influence of uneven air flows across the cross section on the efficiency of water cooling has been assessed. The ways and methods for leveling these unevennesses under different weather conditions have been proposed. The developed combined model of the heat and mass transfer process in a cooling tower makes it possible to effectively solve the problem of choosing the optimal design and operating parameters of cooling system equipment under various weather conditions, as well as to diagnose the state of the recirculation cooling system.
The role of bodies of water in settlement names referring to the natural environment
Authors: Kovács Éva
Published: January 2025

In this essay I examine the relationship of settlement names with bodies of water and places associated with water. I point out the role of water and hydronyms in the formation of the settlement name type and the form in which they are present in early Old Hungarian settlement names. The vast majority of the settlement names have only a single constituent: metonymy, name-giving without a formant occurs in 85% of the names (e.g. Ér < ér ‘brook’, Tapolca < hydronym Tapolca, etc.), while 6% of the names were created from a common noun related to water or from a hydronym with a suffix morpheme (e.g. Árki < árok ‘trench’ + -i suffix etc.). The two-constituent names also account for a small proportion of the names of the settlements at only 9% (e.g. Szamosfalva ‘village/next to the River Szamos’, Túrpásztó ‘settlement called Pásztó/located next to the Túr River’ etc.).

I also discuss the relationship between settlement names and hydronyms recorded in an identical form. I collect those points of reference and criteria which, with due care, can be used to identify the direction of metonymy successfully (eg. etymological and name typological arguments, the size of the body of water etc.). I also highlight that the hydronym > settlement name direction mostly accepted in publications on Hungarian historical onomastics cannot be generalized, instead, each case has to be examined separately in terms of the name formation process.
Назви чемпіонатів в українському футбольному дискурсі: походження, структура, функціювання
Authors: Максимчук Віталій
Published: January 2025

У статті проаналізовано назви чемпіонатів (чемпіонатоніми) як різновид хрононімів. За допомогою різних методів (структурного, описового, порівняльно-типологійного, контекстного й кількісного) з’ясовано особливості вживання чемпіонатонімів в українському футбольному дискурсі. Пропріативи згруповано за ієрархією футбольних ліг – від найвищих до аматорських. У назвах найвищих за ієрархією чемпіонатів переважають оніми, що містять складники із семою ‘перший’, передану різномовними лексемами та цифрою 1. Меншою кількістю репрезентовано власні назви з компонентами супер-, еліт-, про- та назви чемпіонатів, утворені від перших літер суверенонімів. Спостережено, що чемпіонатонімікон має політичний підтекст, наприклад, назви чемпіонатів колишніх французьких колоній в Африці названо Ліга 1 (як і чемпіонат Франції), а найменування чемпіонатів окремих пострадянських країн зберігають прикметник «вищий». Засвідчено, що комерційні чемпіонатоніми можуть змінювати свою назву залежно від спонсора змагання. Простежено, що назви других за ієрархією чемпіонатів зазвичай утворено сполученням порядкових числівників перший, другий з іменниками ліга, дивізіон або приєднанням другої літери абетки до назви першого за ієрархією чемпіонату. З’ясовано, що кількість назв третіх і нижче за ієрархією чемпіонатів є порівняно меншою. Це пов’язано з аматорським статусом змагань у багатьох країнах і відповідно слабкою вболівальницькою зацікавленістю до них за межами регіональних спільнот. Ці оніми, утворені за традиційними моделями, містять числівникові або іменникові компоненти, що вказують на відповідний рівень або регіональний статус змагань. Окремі чемпіонатоніми функціюють як запозичення, що набули або набувають граматичних ознак української мови.
A comparative analysis of functions served by characters’ proper names in Terry Pratchett’s “The Fifth Elephant” and its Polish translation
Authors: Gibka Martyna
Published: January 2025

This study is devoted to the issue of the functions served by characters’ proper names in novels and their translations. The works of art chosen for analysis are Terry Pratchett’s “The Fifth Elephant” and the Polish translation of this book entitled “Piąty Elefant”. The main thesis of this article is that some characteronyms no longer serve the onymic functions in the translation which they perform in the original. Moreover, some proper names receive additional functions in the translation that they do not serve in the original. The author’s aim is to compare the functions served by characteronyms in the two books and identify which functions are preserved in the translation, which are lost, and which are added as well as to determine the reasons why some onyms lose their functions. The method chosen to conduct the research is the theory of two acts in which the functions of characteronyms are recognized and defined on the basis of the naming act and the act of using a name in the novel. Thus, they are divided into two groups of functions: permanent and momentary. The examination showed that both onymic sets serve twelve permanent and eleven momentary functions, so no function is entirely lost in the translation. Nevertheless, four permanent and four momentary functions are partly lost in the translation.
Etnonomastické termíny v perspektíve slovenskej onomastiky
Authors: Valentová Iveta
Published: January 2025

Článok sa zaoberá onomastickým termínom etnonymum, jeho definíciou, miestom (postavením) v sústave onomastickej terminológie, slovenskými domácimi ekvivalentmi tohto termínu a niektorými používanými i navrhovanými najmä hyponymickými termínmi, ktoré súvisia s rôznymi kritériami triedenia etnoným. Rozdielne nazeranie na status etnoným a obyvateľským mien (apelatívny alebo propriálny) spôsobuje aj ortografický problém v súvislosti s písaním veľkých začiatočných písmen. V slovenčine sa pokladajú za vlastné mená, a preto sa píšu s veľkým začiatočným písmenom. Jazyková prax je však rozkolísaná predovšetkým pri tzv. neoficiálnych etnonymách, prezývkových etnonymách, ktoré niektorí používatelia jazyka, ale aj jazykovedci môžu chápať skôr ako pejoratívne etnické nadávky a písať ich s malým začiatočným písmenom. Cieľom tohto článku je prispieť k požiadavke zjednotenia a harmonizácie onomastickej terminológie a k upresneniu pravidiel slovenského pravopisu v oblasti písania veľkých písmen v tomto druhu onymie.
Použití vlastních jmen v meteorologii: Tradiční, nové a budoucí oblasti zkoumání
Authors: Holeš Jan
Published: January 2025

Článek shrnuje dosavadní praxi v oblasti meteorologické onomastiky, které byla dosud věnována relativně malá pozornost, i když její historie sahá až na konec 19. století. Nejdelší tradici má přísně regulované pojmenování tropických bouří, které se systematicky pojmenovávají od poloviny 20. století. Mnohem nedávnější je praxe pojmenovávat mimotropické bouře, především americké zimní bouře a evropské bouře. Pro pojmenovávání těchto meteorologických jevů je charakteristické (a) použití křestních jmen, původně ženských, dnes střídavě ženských i mužských, a (b) použití předem sestavených, většinou abecedních seznamů jmen, která jsou bouřím postupně přiřazována. Závěrem je uvedeno několik úvah o možném budoucím vývoji meteorologické onomastiky a pojmenování jevů spojených s počasím.
Wizerunek nieprzychylnego czytelnika w polskiej literaturze XVII i pierwszej połowie XVIII wieku na podstawie badań korpusowych i pragmalingwistycznych
Authors: Rodek Ewa
Published: January 2025

W artykule przedstawiono sylwetkę nieprzychylnego czytelnika – przedoświeceniowego krytyka literatury widzianego oczyma twórców z XVII i 1. połowy XVIII wieku. Na podstawie tekstów przedmów i Elektronicznego Korpusu Tekstów Polskich z XVII i XVIII wieku (do 1772 r.) ustalono, że funkcjonowały wówczas eponimy i antroponimy kontynuujące tradycję antyczną: w przeważającej większości występowała nazwa zoil, a ponadto momus i mimus. Pisarze prewencyjnie zamieszczali w swych dziełach zwroty do zoila lub negatywnie go przedstawiali, by obronić się przed ewentualnymi nieprzychylnymi opiniami. W krytykach doszukiwali się zazdrości, złej woli, skłonności do fałszowania prawdy, a niekiedy braku inteligencji i lenistwa. Zoilami stawali się a priori wszyscy przeciwnicy, także politycy lub dyskutanci.
Talk to Me about Gen Z: Political Profiling of Comment Sections in Social Media
Authors: Seweryn Julia
Published: January 2025

The aim of the study presented in this paper is to describe the conceptual image of Generation Z as portrayed in the Facebook comment sections of liberal and conservative newspapers in Poland and in the United Kingdom. The results show that the commenters do not have a unified image of Generation Z. The general sentiment presented by the commenters is neutral to negative, with criticism of Gen Z being the most frequent frame used across all comment sections, based on a presupposed stupidity, naiveté, lack of respect, bad work ethics, laziness, entitlement, and selfishness. On the other hand, words of praise emphasize Gen Z’s courage, helpfulness, focus on mental health, and directness. Commenters on the liberal media profiles are more likely to take the pro-Gen Z stance and can be characterized by more positive frames, while those on the conservative media express an anti-Gen Z stance more frequently.
Wariantywność związków frazeologicznych w dawnej i dzisiejszej polszczyźnie
Authors: Piela Agnieszka
Published: January 2025

Podstawowym celem artykułu jest pokazanie dynamiki zasobów frazeologicznych w zakresie wyróżnionych przez Stanisława Bąbę tzw. jednokształtnych połączeń wyrazowych, czyli konstrukcji cechujących się m.in. niezmiennością składu leksykalnego, np. bajońskie sumy, krakowskim targiem, dojna krowa, puścić kogoś z torbami, spocząć na laurach, mieć muchy w nosie, mieć węża w kieszeni czy zbijać bąki. Wskazane związki uchodzą za stabilne w klasie polskich frazeologizmów normatywnych, ponieważ zostały nam przekazane przez tradycję w ustalonej semantyce i postaci. W tekście sprawdzono, czy tego typu frazeologizmy utrzymały swoją jednokształtność w języku – za jednostki niewariantywne uważane były jeszcze u schyłku XX wieku. W rozważaniach skoncentrowano się nie tylko na aktualnym kształcie omawianych związków, lecz również na ich zmienności w wiekach przeszłych.
Reporting previous literature in Polish research articles: a corpus study of cross-disciplinary variation within the soft sciences
Authors: Wiraszka Łukasz
Published: January 2025

While there is considerable research on the ways in which authors of English academic texts refer to the existing literature, especially in research articles, scholarly interest in the linguistic patterns of academic citation in Polish remains very limited. Therefore, the present study examines how previous literature is reported in Polish research articles representing five disciplines classified as “soft” sciences, i.e. psychology, philosophy, economics, linguistics and literary studies. Focusing on both formal and semantic aspects of references to previous work, the present study uses a corpus of 50 research articles from 10 academic journals to demonstrate substantial cross-disciplinary variation, some of which accords with the existing evidence that has been marshalled in this regard for English. The findings confirm the existence of differing discoursal conventions used to construct knowledge and establish scholarly credibility in different academic disciplines.