bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the Combination of Passive and Active Sensing for Achieving Very High Resolution Atmospheric Temperature Profiles
Authors: Smith W. L. , Huang H.-L. , Revercomb H. E. , Woolf H. M.
Published: February 2023

Because of the exponential decay of water vapor mixing ratio with altitude, infrared radiance to space originates from very narrow atmospheric layers at altitudes dependent upon the wavelength of measurement. Thus if one could measure the vertical water vapor profile independent of the passive radiance measurements, the vertical temperature profile could be determined with high vertical resolution from a spectrum of upwelling water vapor radiance. The water vapor profiles could be obtained using active lidar techniques such as Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL) or Raman Lidar which have experimentally demonstrated the capability to achieve water vapor mixing ratio profiles with high vertical resolution.
Optical Packet Wavelength Routing Switch Demonstrator: Architecture And Synchronization Issues
Authors: Kervarec J. , Guillemot C. , Henry M. , Kandouci M. , Simon J.C. , Gravey P.
Published: February 2023

Broadband networking is expected to meet demands from consumers of all types for integrated voice, high-speed data, and video communications. These services are thought to give rise to traffic flows very diverse in terms of required channel capacity, channel occupancy, connection duration and connection set-up time. B-ISDN such as ATM are mainly based on optical fiber transmission, large electronic memories and high capacity electronic switches. However, the demand for both high bit rates and flexibility may push electronic technology to its limits even though these limits are constantly expanding.
A 160 Gbit/s throughput photonic switch for fast packet switching systems
Authors: Chiaroni D. , de Bouard D. , Chauzat C. , Jacquinot J.C. , Bayart D. , Bousselet P. , Bachmann M. , Sotom M.
Published: February 2023

We report experimental results demonstrating the feasibility of a 16x16 photonic packet switch at 10 Gbit/s per port; the architecture is shown compatible with two system applications.
An all-optical regenerative interface for the cascadeability of photonic packet-switching nodes
Authors: Chiaroni D. , de Bouard D. , Chauzat C. , Jacquinot J.C. , Bachmann M. , Janz C. , Leclerc D. , Sotom M.
Published: February 2023

A regenerative interface is shown to enable the transmission of a packet stream at 2.5 Gbit/s through eight all-optical packet-switching nodes over 400 km.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 detection in domestic animals as a reservoir for the virus transmission to humans in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Kristianingrum Yuli Purwandari , Untari Tri , Kusumawati Asmarani
Published: February 2023

Background and Aim: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) that attacks the respiratory and digestive tract. The SARS-CoV-2 showed systemic characteristics with various clinical symptoms from subclinical to fatal (causing death). Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 has been reported to occur from humans to pets (cats, dogs, tigers, ferrets, and poultry). Knowledge about the role of domestic animals in the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to humans, and as reservoirs of this virus needs to be investigated further. This study aimed to detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in domestic animals such as dogs, cats, pigs, cows, birds, and bats that are often in contact with humans.

Materials and Methods: A total of 157 samples, which included nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs, along with sera samples from domestic animals such as cats, pigs, cows, birds, and bats, were taken from Veterinary Hospitals, Veterinary Clinics, and farms around the Yogyakarta region. Detection of the virus was done using rapid detection of viral antigens, antibodies, and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique.

Results: The results showed that 5/157 (3.1%) samples found positive against the COVID-19 virus using a rapid antibody test; however, the results were negative on the rapid antigen and RT-PCR tests. Antibody-positive samples came from animals that had a history of household COVID-19 human infection.

Conclusion: Thus, findings of the present study conclude that there is a potential for transmission of the COVID-19 virus between animals and humans.
Editorial
Authors: Shankar Louis
Published: February 2023

Editorial for Object Vol 24 (2023)
Design and Testing of 3D-Printed Stackable Plant-Microbial Fuel Cells for Field Applications
Authors: Constantino Glenn Paula P , Dolot Justine Mae C. , Pamintuan Kristopher Ray Simbulan
Published: February 2023

The prevalence of non-renewable energy has always been a problem for the environment that needs a long-term solution. Plant-Microbial Fuel Cells (PMFCs) are promising bioelectrochemical systems that can utilize plant rhizodeposition to generate clean electricity on-site, without harming the plants, paving the way for simultaneous agriculture and power generation. However, one of the biggest hurdles in large-scale PMFC application is the diffused nature of power generation without a clear path to consolidate or amplify the small power of individual cells. In this study, stacking configurations of 3D-printed PMFCs are investigated to determine the amplification potential of bioelectricity. The PMFCs designed in this study are made of 3D-printed electrodes, printed from 1.75 mm Proto-pasta (ProtoPlant, USA) conductive PLA filament, and a terracotta membrane acting as the separator. Six cells were constructed with the electrodes designed to tightly fit with the ceramic separator when assembled. An agriculturally important plant (S. Melongena) was utilized as the model plant for testing purposes. Stacking of cells in series had resulted in severe voltage loss while stacking of cells in parallel preserved the voltage and current of the cells. Cumulative stacking verified the increasing voltage losses as more cells are connected in series, while voltage and current were generally supported well as more cells were connected in parallel. Combination stacks were also investigated, but while 2 sets of 3 cells in parallel stacked in series generated proportionately larger power and power density compared to individual cells, the drop in current density suggests that pure parallel stacks are still more attractive for scaling up, at least for the proposed stake design in this study. The results of this study indicated that the scale up of PMFC technology is possible in field applications to continuously generate electricity while growing edible plants.
Utilization of chicken eggshell and chitosan as coagulants for microplastic removal from aquatic system
Authors: Liemin Aaron Nathanael , Sembiring Monica Kezia , Hadiyanto H
Published: February 2023

Smaller size plastics known as microplastics are harmful for marine biota as well as humans. One of the common methods for the removal of microplastics from water is coagulation. Chicken eggshells and chitosan are two natural ingredients which contain useful content for the coagulation process. Therefore, this paper describes the effect of concentration of eggshells and chitosan as coagulants in the separation of microplastic from water using RSM (Response Surface Methodology). The effect of tannic acid concentration as coagulation aid was also analyzed in this paper. The coagulants were varied with concentration of 1.5-8.5 g/100 mL and tannic acid concentration was 3-17 mg/100 mL. The result of this study showed coagulation with the highest efficiency occurred when 8.5 g/100 mL of chicken eggshell coagulant (89.14%) and 10 g/100 mL chitosan coagulant (75.67%) was added. Optimum operation occurred after the addition of coagulant aid in the amount of 7 mg/100 mL with chicken eggshell and 15 mg/100 mL with chitosan.
Proximate Analysis and Hedonic Test on Dried Noodle with The Addition of Spirulina platensis Microalgae as A High Protein Food
Authors: Christwardana Marcelinus , Handayani Aniek Sri , Febriyanti Evita , Hadiyanto H. , Nefasa Angela Nitia
Published: February 2023

The study focuses on malnutrition. Dietary intake influences malnutrition. Indonesians choose dry noodles due of their portability. Dry noodles often include more carbohydrates than protein; consequently, the addition of Spirulina platensis may increase their protein level while de-creasing their carbohydrate load. This research evaluated the levels of protein, fat, water, and ash in dry noodles before and after supplementation with spirulina platensis. 1% and 2% of the fixed variable weight of Spirulina platensis were used. Included in analyses are protein, fat, water, and ash. Variation I (1%) results protein of 15.79%, whereas Variation II (2%) has 28.21%. Variation I (1%) have 13.07% moisture, whereas Variation II (2%) has 13,15%. Variation I (1%) contain 0.233% fat compared to variation II (2%) of 0.223%. Variation I (1%) had 1.445% ash content, whereas Variation II (2%), contained 2% ash. The nutritional value of Grade II or dried noodles with Spirulina platensis conforms to Indonesian National Standard 8217-2015. Spirulina platensis increases the pro-tein content of dry noodles when added. According to SNI 8217-2015 grade II, the addition of spir-ulina to dried noodles improved their protein, water, ash, and fat content. The nutritious content of dried noodles was improved by the inclusion of Spirulina platensis.
Standard −20 °C freezer storage protocols may cause substantial plasma renin cryoactivation
Authors: Bonnitcha Paul , Rigdwell Mark , Ward Peter , Chesher Douglas
Published: February 2023

Objectives

To assess the appropriate preanalytical process for storage of plasma for renin concentration analysis. This study was initiated due to the wide variation in preanalytical handling of samples observed within our network, particularly with respect to freezing for longer term storage.

Methods

Pooled plasma from patient samples was analysed immediately post separation for renin concentration (n=30, concentration 4.0–204 mIU/L). Aliquots from these samples were frozen in a −20 °C freezer and then analysed, with the renin concentration compared to the respective baseline concentration. Comparisons were also made to: aliquots snap frozen using a dry ice/acetone bath, aliquots stored at room temperature, and aliquots stored at 4 °C. Subsequent experiments investigated the potential sources of cryoactivation observed in these initial studies.

Results

Substantial and highly variable cryoactivation was observed in samples frozen using a −20 °C freezer, with renin concentration increasing over 300% from baseline in some samples (median 21.3%). This cryoactivation could be prevented by snap freezing samples. Subsequent experiments determined that long term storage in a −20 °C freezer could prevent cryoactivation provided samples were initially frozen rapidly in a −70 °C freezer. Rapid defrosting of samples was not required to prevent cryoactivation.

Conclusions

Standard −20 °C freezers may not be appropriate for freezing samples for renin analysis. Laboratories should consider snap freezing their samples using a −70 °C freezer or similar to avoid cryoactivation of renin.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of within-subject and between-subject biological variation data of coagulation and fibrinolytic measurands
Authors: Hollestelle Martine J. , Kristoffersen Ann Helen , Idema René N. , Meijer Piet , Sandberg Sverre , de Maat Moniek P.M. , Aarsand Aasne K.
Published: February 2023

Objectives

The diagnosis and monitoring of bleeding and thrombotic disorders depend on correct haemostatic measurements. The availability of high-quality biological variation (BV) data is important in this context. Many studies have reported BV data for these measurands, but results are varied. The present study aims to deliver global within-subject (CVI) and between-subject (CVG) BV estimates for haemostasis measurands by meta-analyses of eligible studies, by assessment with the Biological Variation Data Critical Appraisal Checklist (BIVAC).

Methods

Relevant BV studies were graded by the BIVAC. Weighted estimates for CVI and CVG were obtained via meta-analysis of the BV data derived from BIVAC-compliant studies (graded A–C; whereby A represents optimal study design) performed in healthy adults.

Results

In 26 studies BV data were reported for 35 haemostasis measurands. For 9 measurands, only one eligible publication was identified and meta-analysis could not be performed. 74% of the publications were graded as BIVAC C. The CVI and CVG varied extensively between the haemostasis measurands. The highest estimates were observed for PAI-1 antigen (CVI 48.6%; CVG 59.8%) and activity (CVI 34.9%; CVG 90.2%), while the lowest were observed for activated protein C resistance ratio (CVI 1.5%; CVG 4.5%).

Conclusions

This study provides updated BV estimates of CVI and CVG with 95% confidence intervals for a wide range of haemostasis measurands. These estimates can be used to form the basis for analytical performance specifications for haemostasis tests used in the diagnostic work-up required in bleeding- and thrombosis events and for risk assessment.
Investigation on structural, magnetic and optical properties of Sm–Co Co-substituted BiFeO3 samples
Authors: Sharma Sheetal , Kumar Manoj
Published: February 2023

Sol–gel derived Sm–Co co-substituted BiFeO3 ceramics (Bi1–x
SmFe1–x
Co
x
O3 with x = 0.0, 0.01, 0.02 and 0.03; named as BFO, BSFCO-1, BSFCO-2 and BSFCO-3, respectively) were investigated for structural, vibrational, magnetic and optical properties. Distorted perovskite rhombohedral structure with R3c crystal symmetry has been established in X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns analysis by Rietveld refinement and detailed structural parameters like lattice constants, unit cell volume, bond angles, bond length etc. have been evaluated. Raman spectra further confirmed typical rhombohedral structure of BiFeO3 by exhibiting 13 clear Raman active phonon (9E + 4A) modes along with second order modes in the wave number range 50–1500 cm−1. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra showed the presence of Fe–O and Bi–O bands and the calculated Fe–O bond length was in good agreement with that obtained from Rietveld analysis. Room temperature magnetization versus magnetic field (M–H) measurement using Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) showed enhancement of ferromagnetic ordering parameters with increasing Sm–Co content in BiFeO3 samples. The maximum magnetization values increased from 0.237 emu g−1 for BFO sample to 1.167 emu g−1 for BSFCO-3 sample along with increase in remnant magnetization values. The optical property of Bi1–x
SmFe1–x
Co
x
O3 samples was investigated by estimating the energy band gap using UV–Visible spectroscopy. The calculated values of energy band gap were varied in the range 2.46 eV–1.81 eV indicating tuning of energy band gap with Sm–Co co-substitution in BiFeO3 sample.
Respiratory function monitoring during early resuscitation and prediction of outcomes in prematurely born infants
Authors: Gunawardana Shannon , Arattu Thodika Fahad M.S. , Murthy Vadivelam , Bhat Prashanth , Williams Emma E. , Dassios Theodore , Milner Anthony D. , Greenough Anne
Published: February 2023

Objectives

Over the last decade, there has been increased use of end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) and oxygen saturation (SpO2) monitoring during resuscitation of prematurely born infants in the delivery suite. Our objectives were to test the hypotheses that low end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) levels, low oxygen saturations (SpO2) and high expiratory tidal volumes (VTE) during the early stages of resuscitation would be associated with adverse outcomes in preterm infants.

Methods

Respiratory recordings made in the first 10 min of resuscitation in the delivery suite of 60 infants, median GA 27 (interquartile range 25–29) weeks were analysed. The results were compared of infants who did or did not die or did or did not develop intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).

Results

Twenty-five infants (42%) developed an ICH and 23 (47%) BPD; 11 (18%) died. ETCO2 at approximately 5 min after birth was lower in infants who developed an ICH, this remained significant after adjusting for gestational age, coagulopathy and chorioamnionitis (p=0.03). ETCO2 levels were lower in infants who developed ICH or died compared to those that survived without ICH, which remained significant after adjustment for gestational age, Apgar score at 10 min, chorioamnionitis and coagulopathy (p=0.004). SpO2 at approximately 5 min was lower in the infants who died compared to those who survived which remained significant after adjusting for the 5-min Apgar score and chorioamnionitis (p=0.021).

Conclusions

ETCO2 and SpO2 levels during early resuscitation in the delivery suite were associated with adverse outcomes.
Reducing the Anxiety and Concern of Pregnant Women during Antenatal Anomaly Screening Tests: A Systematic Review
Authors: Khakbazan Zohreh , Farnam Farnaz , Hantoushzadeh Sedigheh , Abdollahi Parsa , Arjmandifar Mitra
Published: February 2023

Objectives: Although antenatal anomaly screening tests (AAST) provide valuable information about fetal health, performed to prevent the birth of children with chromosomal abnormalities, uncontrolled stress while performing such tests may negatively affect the mother’s mental health. This study aimed to systematically review clinical trial studies in which reducing pregnant women’s anxiety and concern in the process of performing AAST was among their objectives. Materials and Methods: In this systematic review, six electronic databases (Scopus, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, PubMed, Google Scholar, and CINAHL) were searched. Data extraction was performed through randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in English, which the core fell onto designing an intervention to reduce pregnant women’s anxiety and concern associated with performing AAST. Results: Out of the 1946 studies, six were included in this systematic review. In most studies, a positive impact on knowledge and satisfaction with the information received was observed. However, no effect was reported regarding decreasing or increasing the anxiety and concern of pregnant women in the process of performing AAST. Studies were heterogeneous in terms of intervention type and gestational age of participants. Conclusions: Interventions aimed at providing pregnant women with specific information about prenatal screening for chromosomal abnormalities have no impact on reducing their anxiety and concern. Therefore, designing educational-psychological interventions to prevent and reduce anxiety and concern of pregnant women in this period is recommended.
Experience in the Application of Non-invasive Prenatal Screening for the Detection of Down Syndrome in Russia: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kudryavtseva Elena V. , Kovalev Vladislav V , Baranov Igor I , Dektyarev Andrew A
Published: February 2023

Objectives: Assessment the effectiveness of non-invasive prenatal screening (NIPS) for identifying pregnant women at high risk of giving birth to a child with Down syndrome. Materials and Methods: The retrospective cohort study included 25798 pregnant women who underwent NIPS in Russia from January 2013 to December 2018. 21042 and 4756 participants underwent tests from the Natera laboratory, USA (non-invasive prenatal test 1, NIPT-1) and the Genomed laboratory, Russia (non-invasive prenatal test 2, NIPT-2), respectively. Results: A high risk of trisomy 21 (T21) was detected in 544 cases (2.59%). The mean age in women at high risk of T21 was 37.3 years. According to the NIPT results, in patients who revealed a low risk of T21, the mean age was 33.8 years (P<0.001). In 535 cases, invasive prenatal diagnosis was performed. In 7 (1.3%) cases, the presence of T21 in the fetus was not confirmed. In 528 (97.3%) cases, T21 was confirmed by fetal karyotyping. Among women who revealed a low risk of T21 (N = 25086), in 4 cases (0.015%), fetal trisomy 21 was missed. Thus, the indicators of the effectiveness of NIPS in Russia in relation to T21 are as follows: sensitivity - 99.25%, specificity - 99.96%, PPV - 98.7%, NPV - 99.98%. In the first trimester, in the presence of fetal T21, the level of the fetal fraction of free-DNA is significantly lower. Conclusions: NIPS has good prospects for implementation in pregnancy management programs and increasing the effectiveness of prenatal detection of T21. The level of the fetal fraction is associated with the presence of fetal T21.
Post-COVID-19 Menstrual Symptom Disorders Relating to Anxiety and Long COVID-19 Symptoms
Authors: Akıncı Buket , Dayican Damla K. , Günay Eyüp , Coşar Nilgün , Ötün Hakan Y. , Kılınç Rumeysa , Kurban İnci , Punar Kübra , Karagülle Elif , Açıkalın Semiha , Başçi Serhat
Published: February 2023

Objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can affect the menstrual cycle and menstrual flow. To examine changes in menstrual symptoms of women recovering from COVID-19 and to identify factors that influence these changes. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire, prepared using Google Forms, was completed by 180 women (26.08±6.62 years) recovered from COVID-19. The menstrual symptoms, menstrual pain, fatigue severity and anxiety level of the participants were evaluated respectively with the Menstrual Symptom Questionnaire (MSQ), visual analogue scale (VAS), fatigue severity scale (FSS), and coronavirus anxiety scale (CAS). Results: Post-COVID-19 individuals’ MSQ totals, subgroup scores, FSS scores and menstrual pain levels showed significant increase compared to pre-COVID-19. Regression analysis identified that age at menarche, changes in FSS and VAS scores as contributors to 38.4% of the variance explained in the significant regression for change in MSQ score. Individuals with prolonged fatigue, muscle– joint pain and dyspnea symptoms showed increase in MSQ total scores (P=0.006, P=0.009, P=0.046 respectively) and MSQ negative effects/somatic complaints scores (P=0.004, P=0.002, P=0.017 respectively). Individuals with prolonged gastrointestinal symptoms showed increase in MSQ pain symptoms (P=0.029) and MSQ coping methods scores (P=0.002), while those with prolonged muscle and joint pain showed increase in MSQ coping methods (P=0.022) scores. Conclusions: The results of this study indicated that menstrual symptoms, fatigue, and menstrual pain severity are deteriorated in women recovered from COVID-19. Age at menarche, changes in fatigue and menstrual pain after COVID-19 were determiners of the deteriorated menstrual symptoms. Menstrual symptoms were more severe in those who have prolonged fatigue, dyspnea, muscle– joint pain and gastrointestinal symptoms.
Prevalence of Premenstrual Syndrome and Associated Factors amongst Women Belonging to King Saud University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Altamimi Lamees A , Aseeri Amal Saad , Kamran Zaibunnisa , Kazi Ambreen , AlQuaiz AlJohara M
Published: February 2023

Objectives: The burden of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is increasing and affects the quality of life of young women. This study aimed to measure the prevalence of PMS and identify the associated factors amongst students and staff belonging to the King Saud University (KSU) in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia, 2019. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted during 2019 with 409 women (both students and staff), aged 18-30 years belonging to the KSU (female campus), in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire comprised sociodemographic information, premenstrual symptoms, smoking, physical activity, and social support. Standard protocols were followed to measure anthropometric indices, including height, weight, hip, and waist circumference. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the significant factors associated with PMS. Results: Participants’ mean age and body mass index were 22±3.3 years and 24.0±5.3 kg/m2 , respectively. The mean scores for total symptoms were 6.71±2.81, ranging from 0 to 12, with more than 90% of women reporting at least one symptom. The physical symptoms were more frequently reported as compared to psychological symptoms. The multivariate regression found that high-level studies (OR= 2.26, 95% CI: 1.31-3.92) and participants reporting income level <10000 Saudi Arabian Riyal (OR= 2.66, 95% CI: 1.40-5.03) were significantly associated with PMS. Conclusions: A significantly large number of women are suffering from PMS. Lifestyle interventions focusing on body weight and income-generating programs can help decrease premenstrual symptoms. We recommend that national-level studies should be conducted to highlight any urban-rural differences related to PMS.
The Comparison the Impact of Flare-up GnRH Agonist with Delayed-Start GnRH Antagonist Protocols on the IVF Outcome of Poor Responder Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hosseinishenatal Shirzad , Amidi Fardin , Parsanezhad Mohammad Ebrahim , Rostami Sirous , Eslami Mojtaba , Sobhani Aligholi
Published: February 2023

Objectives: The current research was established to make a comparison between the delayed-start GnRH antagonist and flare-up GnRH agonist protocols in poor response patients. Methods: The present study is a randomized, prospective, controlled trial that was performed on 150 women who referred to two distinct in vitro fertilization (IVF) centers in Iran. Patients were randomly assigned to two experimental groups, as one group was treated with the delayed-start GnRH antagonist protocol (delayed-start group), while another group was treated with the flare-up protocol (flare-up group). Results: The serum concentrations of estradiol and progesterone, along with the thickness of endometrial tissue and the number of follicles ≥13 mm was significantly increased in the delayed-start group compared with the flare-up group. Also, the number of total oocytes, retrieved mature oocytes, total embryos, fertilized oocytes, as well as the quality of embryos were markedly higher in the delayed-start group when compared with the flare-up group. No statistically significant difference was found in the rates of fertilization, implantation, and pregnancy between the two experimental groups. Conclusions: According to the above evidence, it seems that the effect of delayed-start protocol on ovarian responsiveness was more pronounced during controlled ovarian stimulation in comparison with the flare-up protocol and the delayed start protocol probably lead to better implantation and pregnancy rates in comparison with the flare up agonist protocol cycle in poor responders.
Chemotherapy-Related Structural Changes in Cancer: Effect of GnRH Antagonist in the Ovarian Follicles
Authors: Mohammadnejad Daryosh , Daghigh Faeze , Hamzehzadeh Arezou
Published: February 2023

Objectives: The adverse effect of chemotherapy on the proliferation of granulosa cells has been indicated in recent studies. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists exert protective effects on granulosa cells against the side effects of chemotherapy. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of cetrorelix on the proliferation of ovarian granulosa cells following administration of thiotepa in the ovaries of female mice. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 30 adult Balb/c female mice (5-8 weeks old, weighing 24-28 g) were divided into three groups (n=10/ each group) (Control group, T. group, and C. group). T. group received 2.5 mg/kg of thiotepa for four consecutive days. The C. group received cetrorelix (0.25 mg/kg) before and at the same time as thiotepa administration and a week after the end of thiotepa administration. Ovaries were used for quantitative and immunohistochemical studies at the end of the investigation. Results: The mean numbers of follicles such as primordial, primary, secondary, and tertiary significantly decreased in the T. group than control group (P=0.02). Cetrorelix treatment exerted a protective effect against thiotepa-induced damage by increasing the mean numbers of follicles in the ovarian cortex (P=0.04). Conclusions: As a GnRH antagonist, cetrorelix can be considered as one of the effective drugs to protect the granulosa cells against chemotherapy-induced damages in cancer disease.
Cesarean Section Can Be Related With Postpartum Depression: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Dousti Rana , Hakimi Sevil , Pourfathi Hojjat , Nourizadeh Roghaiyeh , Sattarzadeh Niloufar
Published: February 2023

Objectives: Depression is highly prevalent during pregnancy and after childbirth, and many factors, including the type of delivery, can contribute to developing this condition. Considering the increased use of remifentanil in painless labor and the need for conducting more studies on the consequences of this method this study aimed to determine the mean score of postpartum depression in women giving birth by either remifentanil-induced painless delivery or elective cesarean section. Materials and Methods: The present study was a longitudinal investigation conducted on140 women referred to private hospitals, Tabriz, Iran, between 2020 and 2021 in two groups: women with elective cesarean delivery and women with vaginal delivery with remifentanil analgesia (n=70/each). Depression during pregnancy was assessed at 35-37th weeks’ gestation, and postpartum depression was determined four weeks after childbirth using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Independent t test and paired t test were used to compare depression scores. Results: Postpartum depression was significantly higher in women who had undergone a cesarean section than in those giving birth by remifentanil-induced painless vaginal delivery (P = 0.009). Conclusions: The prevalence of postpartum depression was higher in women who underwent elective cesarean section than women who underwent painless vaginal delivery with remifentanil. Considering the steady rise in worldwide cesarean section rate and the health burden and consequences of postpartum depression on mothers and children, health legislators should take measures to reduce women’s tendency towards the cesarean section in the long run.
Childbirth Satisfaction in Women With Psychological Traumatic Childbirth
Authors: Mokhtari Fatemeh , Mousavi Shekoofehsadat , Nourizadeh Roghaiyeh , Hakimi Sevil , Mehrabi Esmat , Shamsalizadeh Neda
Published: February 2023

Objectives: This study was conducted to determine factors related to childbirth satisfaction in women who experienced psychological traumatic childbirth. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted to examine 375 postpartum women who had experienced psychological traumatic childbirth according to criterion A of the fifth edition of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5 [A]). Data-gathering tools were the demographic and obstetric characteristics questionnaire and Mackey childbirth satisfaction questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS (version 24.0), and independent t test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, as well as multivariate linear regression test were used to perform data analysis. Results: The mean (standard deviation) of the delivery satisfaction score was 120.09 (27.11) out of 170. The predictors of satisfaction with delivery in women who had experienced psychological traumatic childbirth included type of delivery (P < 0.001), accordance of the delivery with the desired delivery (P = 0.013), and analgesia (P = 0.02). Conclusions: It seems that with continuous training and counseling about the type of delivery, the mother’s participation in delivery decisions, and also providing a variety of analgesia methods during delivery can increase childbirth satisfaction and reduce psychological traumatic childbirth.
Prevalence of Fear of Childbirth and its Effective Factors in Pregnant Women in Babol, Iran (2019- 2020): A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Barat Shahnaz , Kordinejad Batool , Faramarzi Mahboubeh , Khafri Soraya , Bouzari Zinatossadat , Ebrahim Ellaheh
Published: February 2023

Objectives: Fear of childbirth may be associated with increased anxiety, cesarean section, and delayed delivery. The study aimed to screen for fear of childbirth and the factors affecting it in pregnant women from 2019 to 2020 in Babol, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 600 pregnant women with gestation age > 20 weeks referred to antenatal care clinics of Ayatollah Rouhani, Shahid Yahya Nejad Hospital, four health centers, and three private offices of obstetricians in Babol, Iran from 2019 to 2020 were surveyed using the Wijma Fear of Childbirth Questionnaire. Considering the cut-off point of 85, women with severe fear of childbirth were identified. Results: The fear of childbirth prevalence in pregnant women in this study was 29.2% (175/600). Fear of childbirth in women with postgraduate education was 3.27 times higher than in women with undergraduate education (P<0.001). Pregnancy fears were 0.42 times higher in pregnant women with self-employed spouses than in employee spouses (P<0.001). Also, women with a history of infertility were 2.73 times more likely to fear childbirth than women without a history of infertility (P=0.01). Women with a history of psychiatric disorders were 6.86 times more afraid of childbirth than women without a history of psychiatric disorders (P=0.02). Conclusions: Due to the high prevalence of fear of childbirth in pregnant women in Babol, Iran, the need for particular psychological interventions to reduce the fear of childbirth and identify risk factors is suggested.
Management and Obstetric Outcomes of Post-date Pregnancies in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Southeast Nigeria: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Onyebuchi Azubuike , Okafor Love , Mamah Johnbosco , Obi Vitus , Esike Chidi , Umeora Odidika , Otu Chichetaram
Published: February 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the fetomaternal outcomes of post-date pregnancies. Materials and Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study of post-date pregnancies managed at Federal Teaching hospital, Abakaliki, Nigeria, from January 2013 to December 2015. Pregnancies delivered at 40 weeks and 10 days or more were included. Data was collected using a structured proforma, including sociodemographic characteristics, gestational age at delivery, and maternal and fetal complications. Data analysed using Epi Info version 7. Results: The majority of the women (80.7%) had labor induction at the gestational age of 41 weeks and three days. Vaginal delivery and cesarean sections were the mode of delivery in 73.9% and 25.0% of women, respectively. Cesarean sections were mainly for labor dystocia (54.5%). The mean age of the women was 28.0 ± 4.4 yr. 38.6% of women were nulliparous. The main neonatal complication was sepsis (10.2%). Perinatal deaths were reported in 1.1% of neonates. Primary postpartum hemorrhage was reported in 6.8% of women. Conclusions: Due to the higher prenatal complications and the need for obstetric and gynecological interventions in postpartum pregnancies, early ultrasound and induction of labor are recommended to reduce adverse outcomes.
Laparoscopic Cystectomy of Endometrioma Outcomes on Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Anti-Müllerian Hormone Levels as Predictors of the Ovarian Reserve
Authors: Anwar Ruswana , Wijaya Agnes , Halim David , Mantilidewi Kemala Isnainiasih , Soraya Saskia Medinawati , Djuwantono Tono , Permadi Wiryawan , Handono Budi , Krisnadi Sofie , Effendi Jusuf , Nataprawira Duddy
Published: February 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effect of a laparoscopic cystectomy on ovarian reserve assessed by measuring the levels of serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH). Materials and Methods: This prospective, analytical study measured the changes of basal FSH and AMH in endometrioma patients undergoing laparoscopic cystectomy in Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital from June to August 2016. An informed written consent was obtained from all patients prior to the study. Their FSH and AMH serum levels were examined one month before and after the surgery. Results: A total of 31 patients were included in the study and divided into two groups based on two age ranges of 20-35 years (n=16) and 36-42 years (n=15). It was found that the FSH serum levels increased whereas the AMH serum levels decreased in both groups after laparoscopic cystectomy (P<0.001). Conclusions: Laparoscopic cystectomy of patients with reduced endometrioma ovarian reserve was characterized by elevation of FSH serum levels and reduction of AMH serum levels.
Barilius kamjongensis, a New Bariliine Fish (Danionidae, Danioninae) from the Chindwin Basin of Manipur, India
Authors: Arunkumar L. , Thoibi M. , Jajo E.
Published: February 2023

A new bariline fish, Barilius kamjongensis is decribed from Kamjong district, the Chindwin basin of Manipur, India. It can be distinguished from its congeners in having a body with 2 pairs of barbels, 16–19 predorsal scales, 12–15 body bars, 40–43 perforated lateral line scales, 7.5/2.5 lateral line transverse scales, origin of dorsal-fin closed to base of caudal-fin, pectoral-fin shorter than head length, body depth at dorsal-fin origin 22.8–26.6 % SL, caudal peduncle depth 8.5–10.3 % SL, predorsal length 55.8–57.7 % SL, head length 23.4–25.4 % SL, head length at occiput 12.5–18.4 % SL and 75.7–77.8 % HL, eye diameter 6.4–7.9 % SL and 26.0–33.6 % HL, narrow head 10.4–12.7 % SL and inter bars of body wider than bars respectively. A key to the species genus Barilius found from the Chindwin basin of Manipur is provided.
1H NMR-Based Metabolomics Approach Revealing Metabolite Variation of Black Turmeric (Curcuma caesia) Extracts and Correlation with Its Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities
Authors: Ibrahim Nurul Najiha Ain , Kamal Nurkhalida , Mediani Ahmed , Sajak Azliana Abu Bakar , Lee Soo Yee , Shaari Khozirah , Abdul Rahman Hafeedza
Published: February 2023

Research background. Curcuma species (Zingiberaceae) are well known medicinal herbs in India and Southeast Asia. Despite various findings reporting their beneficial biological activities, very little information has been recorded on the Curcuma caesia. Thus, this study aims to determine the phenolic content, antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of both rhizome and leaves of C. caesia.
Experimental approach. Rhizome and leaves of C. caesia were dried with oven (OD) and freeze (FD)-drying methods, and extracted with different Φ(ethanol,water)=100:0, 80:20, 50:50 and 0:100. The bioactivities of C. caesia extracts were evaluated using in vitro tests; total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant (DPPH and FRAP) and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR)-based metabolomics approach was employed to differentiate the most active extracts based on their metabolite profiles and correlation with bioactivities.
Results and conclusions. The FD rhizome extracted with Φ(ethanol,water)=100:0 was observed to have potent TPC expressed as gallic acid equivalents, FRAP expressed as Trolox equivalents and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with values of (45.4±2.1) mg/g extract, (147.7±8.3) mg/g extract and (265.5±38.6) μg/mL (IC50), respectively. Meanwhile, for DPPH scavenging activity, the Φ(ethanol,water)=80:20 and 100:0 extracts of FD rhizome showed the highest activity with no significant difference between them. Hence, the FD rhizome extracts were selected for further metabolomics analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed clear discrimination among the different extracts. Partial least square (PLS) analysis showed positive correlations of the metabolites, including xanthorrhizol derivative, 1-hydroxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-(6E)-6-heptene-3,4-dione, valine, luteolin, zedoardiol, β-turmerone, selina-4(15),7(11)-dien-8-one, zedoalactone B and germacrone, with the antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibition activities, whereas curdione and 1-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-7-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-(lE,6E)-1,6-heptadiene3,4-dione were correlated with α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.
Novelty and scientific contribution. C. caesia rhizome and leaf extracts contained
phenolic compounds and had varies antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory capacities. These findings strongly suggest that the rhizomes of C. caesia are an invaluable natural source of active ingredients for applications in pharmaceutical and food industries.
Enzymatic Pretreatment of Plant Cells for Oil Extraction
Authors: Vovk Hanna , Karnpakdee Kwankao , Ludwig Roland , Nosenko Tamara
Published: February 2023

Oil from oilseeds can be extracted by mechanical extraction (pressing), aqueous extraction, or by extraction with organic solvents. Although solvent extraction is the most efficient method, organic solvents are a potential hazard to the life and health for workers as well as to the environment, when solvent vapours are released and act as air pollutant with a high ozone-forming potential. Pressing is safer, environmentally friendly, and it preserves valuable natural components in the resulting oils. The problems associated with pressing are the high energy consumption and the lower yield of oil extraction, because the applied mechanical force does not completely destroy the structural cell components storing the oil. In seed cells, the oil is contained in the form of lipid bodies (oleosomes) that are surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer with a protein layer on the surface. These lipid bodies are further protected by the seed cell walls consisting mainly of polysaccharides such as pectins, hemicelluloses and cellulose, but also of glycoproteins. The use of hydrolases to degrade these barriers is a promising pretreatment strategy to support mechanical extraction and improve the oil yield. It is advisable to use a combination of enzymes with different activities when considering the multicompartment and multicomponent structure of oilseed cells. This article gives an overview of the microstructure and composition of oilseed cells, reviews enzymes capable of destroying oil containing cell compartments, and summarizes the main parameters of enzymatic treatment procedures, such as the composition of the enzyme cocktail, the amount of enzyme and water used, temperature, pH, and the duration of the treatment. Finally, it analyzes the efficiency
of proteolytic, cellulolytic and pectolytic enzyme pretreatment to increase the yield of mechanically extracted oil from various types of vegetable raw materials with the main focus on oilseeds.
Characterization of Muffins Reformulated with Chia and Lyophilized Peach Powder in Terms of Some Technological and Sensory Aspects
Authors: Mihaylova Dasha , Popova Aneta , Goranova Zhivka , Doykina Pavlina , Goranov Bogdan
Published: February 2023

Research background. There is an increasing interest in foods with added nutritional
value. This study presents the opportunity for the reformulation of muffins using chia
seeds and lyophilized peach powder in view of the emerging societal challenges regarding unhealthy eating patterns and food intolerances.
Experimental approach. Two new formulations were developed to eliminate the use of
eggs and alter the flour content and type. Physical characteristics, texture analysis, water activity, microbial load, antioxidant potential and sensory profile aided in the evaluation of the newly developed products.
Results and conclusions. The results indicate an inversely proportional relationship be
tween the relative mass of the dough and physical parameters (density, volume and
height) of all muffin formulations. The modification of the original recipe compared to the
control sample led to decreased baking losses, increased total phenolic content, as well
as enhanced nutritional value in terms of fibre content. The addition of chia seeds and
peach powder led to positive sensory changes. The alteration of the original recipe resulted in significant effect on the colour, making the muffins darker and less yellow than the control sample. In terms of texture characteristics, the new formulations had a profile close to the control.
Novelty and scientific contribution. Recipe reformulation without deteriorating quality
attributes is important for the food technology field. Reformulation should comply with
the new expectations of the modern consumer. The study targets an approach where new products with enhanced functional characteristics are presented.
The plot of the Koryak tale about mice suspended from a tree: genesis and ethnographic context
Authors:   Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Golovaneva Tatiana A.
Published: February 2023

This paper presents an analysis of one of the popular plots of the Itelmen-Koryak folklore. The focus of the study is the tale about mice that were caught in pants and hung on the tree. According to the classification of E. Berezkin and Duvakin, the plot motif of this tale is L42J “The tree bends (children in the ogre’s bag).” Consideration was given to 21 versions of the tale recorded from 1901 to 2017 from the Itelmen and Koryaks of Kamchatka. The Koryak narrative tradition allows the narrator to present the folklore text in his own way. With the main line of the plot preserved, the episodes sometimes are expanded, indicating not so much the peculiarities of the local tradition as the individual narrative style of the narrator, his authorial activity, and even his life position. The analysis of different variants of the tale about mice clearly demonstrates the evolution of the plot that is part of the Big Raven cycle. The archaic anecdotal nature of the narrative is replaced by edification. Alogical episodes based on tricks of the trickster are lost. Specification of episodes changes according to the new reality. The system of character interaction is changing. Though not being typical of archaic folklore tradition, the elements of psychologism start to appear. At the same time, modern recordings of folklore texts sometimes retain archaic narrative elements, once formed as a result of figurative interpretation of natural phenomena, traditional way of life, or ritual practices.
How the classification of Mansi dialects was changed (on the material of the first Cyrillic books and dictionaries of the 18th and 19th centuries)
Authors:   Ivannikov Institute of System Programming of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Normanskaja Julia V. ,   Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2023

The first books and dictionaries written in Mansi dialects in the 18th and 19th centuries that were never described before have been found in the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences (St. Petersburg branch) and the National Library of Finland. This paper presents the data on six dialect features identified by L. Honti in seven 18th-century dictionaries and three 19th-century books. These archival sources show that the Proto-Mansi phonemes to be differentiated in the 19th century were usually realized by doublet archaic and innovative reflexes in the 18th century. Apparently, there were no clearly distinct dialect differences between the Northern and Western Mansi dialects in the 18th century. This situation changed in the middle of the 19th century when the Proto-Mansi *ā became o in all the Southern, Eastern, and Northern dialects under discussion. Proto-Mansi *i (*a according to the reconstruction proposed) has no doublets and is reflected as a in all the dialects. The reflexes of the Proto-Mansi *c and *š make it possible to differentiate the Eastern and, presumably, Northern and Southern subdialects of the Tobolsk province. The reflex χ- of the Proto-Mansi *k- before back vowels appears not only in the Northern and Eastern dialects but also in, presumably, the Southern dialects. Thus, the study shows that the vowel phonemes had practically no doublet reflexes in the 19th century and coincided in the four dialects examined. The consonant phonemes, on the other hand, make it possible to differentiate between the Southern, Northern, and Eastern dialects.