bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The IUCN’s Contribution to Supporting Nature Conservation Programs in Serengeti National Park
Authors: Paksi Arie Kusuma , Belani Talitha Ofira , Hutami Amalia Nurul
Published: November 2023

Serengeti National Park, considered one of the most famous and significant wildlife reserves globally, where natural beauty and unparalleled scientific value converge, is experiencing a decline in habitat quality year after year. Despite the natural wealth within the Serengeti, various issues threaten wildlife species and habitats. These problems include the rapid growth of the human population, poverty, illegal hunting, and the drying up of the Mara River due to climate change. The international community has authorized the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) to develop ideas for conservation efforts. The organization illustrates how biodiversity is fundamental in addressing some of the world’s most significant challenges, such as tackling climate change, achieving sustainable energy, improving human well-being, and building a green economy. The study aims to narrate the IUCN’s role in executing environmental protection processes, intending to ensure that environmental goals hold the same importance as social goals through sustainable development. This study employs a qualitative approach, utilizing provided facts to create a detailed account of an incident. Additionally, secondary data is incorporated, involving the use of existing information. The results indicate that, despite various actions taken by the IUCN, the organization has not maximally resolved issues in the Serengeti, and several problems are still ongoing.
Medicinal Perspectives of Retinoids (Review)
Authors: Kovalenko L. V. , Polivanova A. G. , Ilyin A. P. , Solovieva I. N. , Gorbacheva E. I. , Oshchepkov M. S.
Published: November 2023

Introduction. Retinoids are a group of endogenous and synthetic substances that regulate numerous important biological processes in normal development. The synthesis and study of the biological activity of new retinoids are a promising area of chemical biology.

Text. The genomic functions of retinoids are mediated by their nuclear receptors RAR(α, β, γ) and RXR(α, β, γ), which regulate gene transcription by recruiting corepressors and coactivators. Retinoids also possess non-genomic functions by acylating proteins and other biomolecules. Regenerative medicine and stem cell biology are advanced areas of research in the biological activity of retinoids. Endogenous and synthetic retinoids are used for the treatment of skin pathologies and in oncology. There is evidence of their potential use in the therapy of lung diseases. The development of retinoids with high selectivity towards specific receptors and tissues may open new approaches to the treatment and prevention of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and others. Retinoids are necessary for the functioning of the immune system and are powerful immunomodulators. Additionally, retinoids have the potential for the therapy of various proliferative diseases.

Conclusion. Long-term studies of the pharmacological activity of retinoic acid and its structural analogs aim to investigate and establish the precise mechanisms of their actions, as well as their involvement in the pathogenesis of various diseases. The synthesis of retinoids aims to design compounds with high selectivity towards specific receptors, which would exclude the multitarget action of natural regulatory molecules and the associated side effects. Synthetic retinoids devoid of teratogenic and other side effects can find application as therapeutic agents for the treatment of metabolic disorders, various malignancies, as well as kidney, lung, and CNS diseases. Furthermore, the development of prodrugs based on retinoids with controlled release of active molecules is also a promising direction in this field of medicinal chemistry.
The Study of Forced Power Supply Modes of a Xenon Flash Tube with Reinforced Electrode Assemblies
Authors: Bedrin Alexander G. , Guriev Alexander P. , Gromovenko Valentin M.
Published: November 2023

An INP‑16/350 xenon flash tube based on reinforced electrode assemblies was developed. As compared to the similar serially produced lamp INP‑16/580, the new lamp has the same dimensions but reduced discharge gap and reduced filling gas pressure. A stable quasi-arc operating mode of the lamp was reached with duration of radiation pulses of up to ten seconds when forcing power supply. The amplitude on time dependences of the lamp’s radiant exitance are formed by means of computer control of the temporal shape of the thyristor rectifier current pulses. For studying of the thermal overloads of the lamps, the methodology and IR-range optical pyrometry means were designed both, for the quartz bulb and for the electrode. The dependence of the latter’s temperature on energy deposition was studied using two custom-made radiometers. The load and radiation characteristics of the new lamp and the said analogue were compared. The new lamp is capable to operate rather reliably with high-power supply and energy deposition overload of up to 100 times in the single second-long flash mode with natural air cooling.
The Interrelation between Temperature and Power Supply Modes of Low Power High Efficiency Light Emitting Diodes
Authors: Varlamov Dmitry O. , Manyakhin Feodor I. , Skvortsov Arkady A.
Published: November 2023

The studies of interrelation between temperature and power supply modes of low power high efficiency light emitting diodes and the effect of temperature on their direct voltage were analysed. It is discovered that there are significant differences in the experimental data on temperature modes obtained by many authors. A new dynamic method of measurement of overheating temperature in the active region of p-n structures at pre-set direct current is applied. This method is based on registration of the transient processes of direct voltage changes during heating by pre-set current and cooling-down after switching-off of the heating current at constant low direct current. The formula is obtained for calculation of the proportion factor of direct-voltage temperature dependence for diodes with different techno structures accounting for the measurement current, the non-ideality factor of the voltage-current curve, and temperature. The experimental curves of the LED active region temperature dependence on heating current at its density of (10–110) A/cm2 and dissipated power of (0.025–0.45) W are obtained. The direct-voltage temperature dependence proportion factor was modelled at different values of measurement current for specific LEDs. It is demonstrated that the active region of LEDs based on wide-band-gap semiconductors overheats due to formation of hot charge carriers interacting with optic phonons in it at current densities, when the exponential nature of the voltage-current curve is disturbed.
Museum as an Object of Light Design
Authors: Belyakova Margarita P. , Winkels Karsten , Turkin Andrei N. , Filipenko Eugene A.
Published: November 2023

The article reviews the problem of light design of a modern museum not only as a place for conservation and demonstration of art works but also as a leisure place. Contemporary lighting technologies applied in museums are reviewed, advantages of adoption of LED lighting in museums are described, major problems and objectives specific for lighting of exhibits in museums as well as possible methods and ways of their solution by light designers are described.
Search Paths and Solutions for new Forms of Museum Exhibition Lighting
Authors: Nazarov Yuri V.
Published: November 2023

The changed design status of exhibition environment electrical lighting has become the driver of innovative transformations and development of museum exhibitions. Light has become a real form-making and space-modelling tool. Formation of specific museum experience of lighting remains an interdisciplinary problem unifying technical aspects measured by quantitative indicators and qualitative criteria including aesthetical, psychological, and physiological aspects, forming the atmosphere of each exhibit. Museum exhibition lighting is designed using the conceptual design method, which includes conventional design tools and innovative digital technology. The conceptual design method expresses itself in interdisciplinary, synthetic and synaesthesia forms. Educational and art projects of the Stroganov Academy have accumulated a significant experience in solving different problems of museum environment light design on associative conceptual basis. A lighting system becomes:
– An object of traditional art design;
– A light design exhibit;
– An interactive light-and-colour environment of a museum;
– A synthetic environment of a park museum;
– A basis of new art styles like light art and science art, media installations and 3D mapping;
– Creator of a new image of a digital museum, etc.
As a result, light becomes a link connecting the entire humanitarian system of a museum: its scientific, historical, educational, aesthetical and engineering components. Interdisciplinary forms of light functioning (from conventional light design to digital media and interactive projects) are limitless and will grow providing the museum environment with more new forms of information presentation and perception constantly balancing between easel and applied versions.
Museum Lighting as one of the Priorities of the Russian Light and Engineering Industry
Authors: Boos George V.
Published: November 2023

The article reviews the goals and objectives set by the First International Scientific and Practical Conference “Light in Museum” for the Russian science community as well as the results of cooperation between the light engineering and museum professional communities in the field of technical, regulatory, and research support of modern museum lighting.
Illumination in Restoration Workshops: Pressing Challenges and Their Solutions
Authors: Prokhanova Elena I.
Published: November 2023

Restoration workshops often stay in the periphery of museum life standing in the background of headline exhibitions. At the same time, restoration is an essential part of cultural heritage conservation.
In this report, we would like to review the matters of formation of an optimal luminous environment using the workshops of the Grabar Art Conservation Centre as an example. The nature of light in a workshop is of primary importance for high quality of restoration work. We consider this case important since the Grabar Art Conservation Centre cooperates with many regional museums of Russia, and its experience may be interesting for museum practitioners.
Analysis of New Standards in the Field of UV - C Disinfection
Authors: Malyshev Nikolay A.
Published: November 2023

The coronavirus pandemic continues to plunge the world into waves of a potentially deadly disease caused by multiple strains of the SARS-CoV‑2 virus. A well-known effective method of non-specific prevention of the spread of respiratory viral infections in the Russian Federation is air disinfection using ultraviolet (UV) germicidal irradiation. Today, in medical institutions the application of this technology bases on domestic guidelines developed without taking into account the characteristics of new viruses, new knowledges and technologies in the field of UV radiation generation. A number of new standards have been issued abroad, significantly deepening the knowledge and capabilities in the development and application of UV disinfection devices. This article provides an overview of new standards, highlights the provisions that are appropriate for harmonization with Russian rules and recommendations for the use of UV radiation. The article shows: the necessity of updating the Russian regulatory framework in the field of application of UV disinfection technology, the development of new or revision of existing documents by the bodies of the sanitary and epidemiological service of the Russian Federation in cooperation with competent technical organizations and specialists.
Universal System of Tripling Periods for the Eye Is the Way to the “Logarithmic” Treatment of Neurological Diseases with Modern Lighting Technologies
Authors: Kolombet Valery A.
Published: November 2023

Previously, the pattern of evolutionary adjustment of photodetectors of the human retina to the frequencies of the UPTS (the so-called universal period-tripling system) was phenomenologically established. The period tripling effect is a new direction in the study of complex systems. In these papers, it was established that the UPTS is a characteristic of a wide class of natural fractal systems described, in particular, by complex cubic mappings. In this work, taking into account the fact that both vision and the processing of visual information by the brain work based on the principles of UPTS, a fundamental frequency, dynamic model of the mechanism of the eye-vision system is constructed, generalizing experimental and theoretical data on the fractal dynamics of the brain in normal and neurological diseases. Data on the Luscher test, on MRI and slow EEG waves, neuro-hormones, photooxy-therapy of brain diseases allow us to establish a new paradigm of lighting technology for health-friendly lighting and ways of a new successful therapeutic effect on Pacrkinson’s disease, effects of traumatic brain injury, stroke, schizophrenia, psychopathy, neurosis. In this case, the lighting scheme requires the simultaneous observance of five rows of rankings of lighting parameters: by frequencies (1), according to the combination of frequencies, and the dynamics of the presentation of combinations (2), by colour perception errors (3), according to the patient’s refusals determine the colours (4), according to the fractal laws of the frequencies of vision and the brain (5). The universality of period-tripling system gives new ways to the principles of lighting engineering and photo-medicine.
Applied Photometry: Review of Retrospective and Reality Part 1: Candela and Watt, from Incandescent Lamp to LED
Authors: Stolyarevskaya Raisa I.
Published: November 2023

Photometry is the science of measuring light, which began with a visual comparison of the light of stars, the moon, and the sun with the light of a candle. Today it is a part of optical radiometry, inextricably linked with physical radiation detectors, taking into account the fact that light is actinic radiation, and physical detectors must be actinic in the case of integral measurements. At the same time, optical radiometry has introduced and introducing new technologies into spectral radiometric measurement methods, which, in turn, make it possible to solve the problems of measuring the parameters of actinic radiation by objective physical methods of spectral radiometry, taking into account the weight functions of actinic radiation.
The choice between integral and spectral methods is determined by:
– The required accuracy of the measurement task to be solved;
– Knowledge of the weight functions of actinic radiation;
– The quality of correction of radiation receivers for the weight functions of actinic radiation;
– Methods for calibrating radiation receivers;
– Actinic coefficients of optical radiation receivers (correction coefficients) and the accuracy of their determination;
– Technical capabilities of spectral equipment;
– Methods and means of spectrometers calibration;
– Software for spectral measuring instruments, – Comparative analysis of the accuracy (uncertainty) of measurements by the spectral and integral methods in each individual case.
The replacement of traditional sources of general lighting and signaling by radiation sources with LEDs, which have a spectral distribution of light emitting characteristics different from traditional light sources, has raised a number of issues in the metrological support of optical radiometry and applied photometry related to the oneness of the reproduction of units of energy and photometric quantities based on Watt.
A Retrospective of Artificial Lighting from Ancient Times to the Present Day
Authors: Sysoeva Elena V.
Published: November 2023

A retrospective of the origin and development of light sources is given depending on the history of human development and the creation of fundamental sciences: mathematics, physics, and electrical engineering. Four stages of development and creation of artificial light sources in buildings and structures are proposed. A detailed description of the pre-electric period (regular use of fire by the man; the Bronze Age, the middle Ages and modernity) is presented. The second period begins with the opening of the voltaic arc, which can be called the beginning of the electric period. Illustrations of each discovery with lighting of rooms and buildings of the corresponding period are presented. The period of inventions, which led to the beginning of the third, gas lighting period, is described. This period includes, among other things, the combined use of gas lighting devices with electric lighting and combined gas-electric lighting. The fourth period begins at the beginning of the third millennium and continues to the present. During this period new alternative lighting sources appear along with incandescent lamps and gas-electric sources. Lighting engineering is becoming an independent branch of science and is being studied in all universities of our country, which increases the rate of appearance of new inventions and types of calculation. There are such lighting sources as fluorescent and LED lamps and fixtures. At the end of the article, the opinions of scientists on the prospects for the development of artificial lighting according to various criteria are presented. The article is provided with a large number of illustrations for all stages of development.
The Influence of Multi-Storey Surrounding Development on a Daylighting of Interiors in Top-Lit Premises: An Experimental Study
Authors: Larionova Kira O. , Stetsky Sergey V.
Published: November 2023

To ensure a required daylight in premises with top system of outdoor illumination through roof lighting installations, it is necessary to take into account the photometrical effects of surrounding development. For the time being such a concept in lighting engineering design is adopted only for side lit premises through windows, though the dense urban development in modern megalopolises offers nearly the same problem for buildings with overhead daylighting system. This paper presents a brief description of experimental case studies, based on the scale model method, as well as on the photometric studies of a real premise with skylights.
The studies were conducted in both cases under CIE standard overcast sky with changing geometrics and photometrical parameters of model elements.
The results of the studies showed the great photometric influence of opposite-standing objects on the values of daylight factor (D) in premises with top lighting system and dependence of this influence on size, position, and structural type of skylights, as well as on size and finishing of the model parts and on distance between skylights and opposite-standing building.
Daylighting Design Methods: History and Modernity
Authors: Sokolova Irina V.
Published: November 2023

The article is devoted to the emergence and development of methods for calculating of daylighting. The emergence of mathematical, graphical, and instrumental methods of dimension and calculation of daylighting is shown in chronological order. The authors of these methods are named. Attention is paid to modern computer methods of calculation as well as of students’ light and engineering teaching process at different time intervals. The path that science has gone from choosing the size of light apertures in buildings by empirical methods and misunderstanding the need for accurate calculations of daylighting for people’s life and performing various functions to computer illumination modelling, the obligation to teach calculation methods to students of architectural and construction specialties is shown. The review covers the period from the end of the XIX century to the present day.
Heat Transfer Model of Curtain Wall Facade Systems under Insolation
Authors: Giyasov Adham I. , Mirzoev Saidmuhammad M.
Published: November 2023

This paper deals with the problem of creating the basis of microclimate regulations and increasing the energy efficiency of various types of curtain walls in relation to the building thermal air envelope. The aim of the study is to distribute the heat flux flowing through the experimental envelope and determine the minimum temperature on the inner surface of the facade to develop a heat transfer model and increase the energy efficiency of curtain walls.
The research methods are known scientific and technical results analytical generalization, the processes under study physical and mathematical modelling, the provisions theory of probability and mathematical statistics implementation, and fullscale experimental research.
A computational model of heat transfer through curtain walls of various types is developed in relation to multiple reflections (absorption) of their surfaces in hot climatic conditions when the heat flux of beam and diffuse solar radiation passes through. Optimization of curtain wall with modern shading systems is considered. Comparison of the characteristics of similar experimental setup with traditional translucent curtain walls confirms the simulation. The proposed curtain wall with shading systems significantly improves the energy performance in the warm season compared to traditional curtain walls.
A methodology based on modern computational methods that allow more accurate consideration of heat transfer through curtain walls in relation to the insolation of thermal building air envelope was developed. The methodology improves the quality of building design and microclimate and energy savings for indoor air conditioning.
Light in the Space of the Medieval Armenian Church: Evidence from the Cathedrals of Shirak and Ani of the X–XI Centuries
Authors: Ghazaryan Armen Yu.
Published: November 2023

The problem of the luminous organization of the space of a medieval church has been actively developed in the last decades. The interiors of Armenian churches have hardly been studied from this point of view. The article solves the problems of identifying the character of daylighting of the interiors of cathedrals erected in the Armenian capital Ani and surrounding settlements in the X–XI centuries, the features of the location of light openings in these buildings, and the shapes and proportions of windows. The connection of this lighting system with the cathedrals of the previous heyday, happen in the VII century, is revealed. The changes that took place in the churches of Ani during the reign of the Bagratid dynasty are traced. Special attention is paid to two metropolitan works by the architect Trdat – the Cathedral and the Gagkashen Church, which have been completed by 1001. The study also brings us closer to understanding the different attitudes to the illumination of the space in the cathedrals of Ani, on the one hand, and parish and monastery churches, on the other.
The Influence of “Green” Roofs on the Energy Efficiency of Residential Buildings in the City of Tula
Authors: Lapin Alexei Yu. , Sysoeva Elena V.
Published: November 2023

The need to improve the thermal engineering characteristics of the enclosing structures of construction objects and the increasing interest of the state in the development of environmental policy increase the prospects for studying the technology of “green” roofs because they are capable to solve comprehensively issues of energy efficiency and environmental safety. The object of the study is modern technological solutions of “green” roofs, the subject of the study is the analysis of the thermo-physical properties of coatings using “green” roof systems, the objectives of the study include: justification of the need to implement the above systems in the current climatic conditions, market analysis of the solutions offered by leading manufacturers of “green” coatings, the implementation of comparative thermal engineering calculations, calculations of stationary and non-stationary heat transfer in the thickness of coating structures.
In the course of the study, data from official statistics websites, publicly available satellite images of remote sensing and also mathematical analysis methods, including methods of correlation and regression analysis, forecasting trends based on the obtained indicators were used. To perform the calculations, the Excel software package and the ELCUT engineering analysis computer program that allows two-dimensional modelling in solving thermal problems were used.
Statistical data on the provision of residents of the region with public green spaces have been formed and analysis of the environmental parameters of the territory was carried out with the creation of a correlation and regression model, also forecast values. The results of the temperature distribution fields for stationary and non-stationary heat transfer of two types of “green” roof construction are obtained, taking into account various parameters of finishing the inner surface of the coating.
Statistical environmental data that was generated using mathematical analysis methods made it possible to determine the environmental risks of the region, to create a basis for further research on the territory of the Tula region. The energy efficiency indicators of various types of “green” roofs, obtained as a result of thermal engineering calculations, as well as the identified accumulation capabilities, allowed us to draw conclusions about the prospects for the introduction of “green” technologies and the need for further research in the field of energy conservation and thermal inertia of enclosing structures of construction objects.
Pengaruh Project Based Learning Terhadap Aktivitas Belajar Siswa Mata Pelajaran Geografi Kelas XI IPS 1 SMA Bina Karya Kabupaten Halmahera Selatan
Authors: Abu Nurwahida , Amelia Rizky Nuri , Samili Asnita Ode
Published: November 2023

Project based learning merupakan model pembelajaran yang menggunakan proyek atau kegiatan sebagai media untuk meningkatkan aktivitas belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran geografi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana peningkatan aktivitas belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran geografi Kelas XI IPS 1 SMA Bina Karya Halmahera Selatan. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI IPS 1 SMA Bina Karya Halmahera Selatan tahun ajaran 2022/2023 yang terdiri dari 23 siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar observasi aktivitas guru dan aktivitas siswa dan rubrik tingkat kreativitas siswa dengan menggunakan analisis rumus persentase. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data yang diperoleh kreativitas siswa dari siklus I dan II dengan menerapkan model project based learning diperoleh nilai presentase siklus I skor 36,96% dengan kriteria cukup baik dan pada siklus II skor 65,00% dengan kriteria baik aktivitas guru pada siklus I presentase sebesar 80,00% dengan kriteria baik dan meningkat pada siklus II skor 98,00% dengan kriteria sangat baik. Dari pengolahan tingkat dan terjadi perbedaan disetiap siklus pembelajaran, Artinya terdapat peningkatkatan tingkat kreativitas siswa dengan penerapan model project-based learning (PBL) dari sebelumnya.
SiDal Development (Laboratory Big Data System) in Basic Physics Laboratory
Authors: Susanti Hana , Asmoro Cahyo Puji
Published: November 2023

Inventory activities for tools and materials, borrowing tools, free laboratory processes and much more, are part of the Education laboratory services, in its function as a support for the Tri Dharma of Higher Education. These activities when carried out with conventional systems, require a long time with less-than-optimal results. To improve laboratory management services, a device data collection system was developed which is contained in a web-based application, called SiDal (Laboratory Big Data System). SiDal is a subsystem of the laboratory management system at the Basic Physics Laboratory of FPMIPA UPI. The aim of developing SiDal is for laboratory services to be more effective and efficient with optimal results. Users can access tool data, tool catalog, tool status and where to store the tool. To see the success of the system, research was carried out using the Research and Development method. Trials of the application of this system were carried out at the Basic Physics Laboratory of FPMIPA UPI by conducting surveys through questionnaires and interviews. From the results of the questionnaire distributed, 68 student respondents from various generations had accessed SiDal. 98.5% of respondents agreed that the implementation of SiDal in the Basic Physics Laboratory provided an increase in laboratory management services. The results obtained will serve as an evaluation and further development of the laboratory management system.
Determining the Information and Thoughts of Sports Sciences Faculty Students About Doping
Authors: Akarsu Gokhan Dogukan , Yalman Eylem
Published: November 2023

The aim of the study is to determine the level of knowledge of undergraduate students in sports disciplines about banned substances and methods that cause doping effect and the damage these substances and methods cause to tissues. This descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out at Yozgat Bozok University Faculty of Sports Sciences in Yozgat between 1 May and 30 May 2022. Sample selection was not made, and it was completed with 480 students who agreed to participate in the research and made up 80% of the universe. The mean age of the students was calculated as 20.86±2.0 years. It was determined that 72.50% of the participants were women, and 47.50% of them had less income than their expenses. 45% of the participants think that they have sufficient knowledge about doping effects. 52.50% stated that they were partially informed by sports managers and trainers about the substances and methods that cause doping effects. As a result, it was determined that the students did not have sufficient information about the prohibited substances and methods that cause doping effect, and they were not adequately informed by the sports managers and referees. It is suggested that the subject of banned substances and methods that create doping effects should be added to their curriculum in order to eliminate the lack of knowledge of the students of the faculty of sports sciences.
Resveratrol Supplementation is Associated with Elemental Metabolism in Some Tissues of Acute Swimming Rats
Authors: Baltacı Abdulkerim Kasım , Arslangil Dilek , Baltacı Saltuk Buğra , Moğulkoç Rasim , Ünal Ömer
Published: November 2023

The aim of this study was to investigate how resveratrol administration affects element metabolism in some tissues in rats undergoing acute swimming exercise. In the study, 28 adult male Wistar rats were used and the animals were divided into 4 groups in equal numbers. Group 1, Control; Group 2, Swimming: The group fed a standard diet and had 30 minutes of acute swimming exercise. Group 3, Resveratrol: The group receiving 10 mg/kg resveratrol supplement for four weeks. Group 4, Resveratrol + Swimming: The group that received 10 mg/kg resveratrol supplement for four weeks and also had 30 minutes of acute swimming exercise. At the end of the four-weeks diet, group 2 and group 4 animals were given 30 minutes of acute swimming exercise. Animals were sacrificed immediately after swimming practices, and testis, kidney, heart and liver tissue samples were taken. Elemental analyzes in tissue samples were determined by atomic emission method. Elements measured in testicular tissue were not affected by exercise and resveratrol applications. Both resveratrol administration and acute swimming exercise resulted in changes in zinc, iron, magnesium, selenium, molybdenum levels in kidney tissue, iron and calcium levels in heart tissue, and zinc, iron and molybdenum levels in liver tissue (p<0.05). The results of study, which revealed that resveratrol administration caused changes in element metabolism in some tissues of rats both during and independently of exercise, can be presented as the first and original finding based on med-line scans.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Rekreasyon Aktivitelerine Katılım Motivasyonu Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Bir Çalışma
Authors: Akyüz Oktay , Alper Rumeysa , Bayazıt Betül
Published: November 2023

Çalışmada, Üniversite öğrencilerinin rekreasyon aktivitelerine katılım motivasyonlarını belirlemek ve çıkan bulgular üzerinden katılımcıları üniversitelerine, bölümlerine ve bazı demografik özelliklerine göre karşılaştırmalı olarak ele alıp, sonuçlarını ortaya koymak amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Gözen (2020) tarafından geliştirilen Rekreasyon Aktivitelerine Katılım Motivasyonu Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Analiz yöntemi olarak, bağımsız iki grubu karşılaştırmak için Mann Whitney U ve çoklu grupları karşılaştırmak için ise Kruskal-wallis testi kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca değişkenlere ait tanımlayıcı istatistik tablosu oluşturulmuştur. Elde edilen verilerin analizini yapmak için SPSS 26.0 paket programı kullanılmıştır. Bulgular incelendiğinde, cinsiyet, üniversite, en çok katılım gösterilen rekreatif aktivite ve rekreatif aktivitelere katılım gösterme süresi değişkenlerinde anlamlı farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak cinsiyet, öğrenim görülen üniversite ve aktivite çeşidi değişkenleri öğrencilerin rekreasyon aktivitelerine katılım motivasyonlarını etkilemektedir.
Ticari Rekreasyon İşletmeleri için Belediye Etkinlik Duyurumlarının İncelenmesi
Authors: Şimşek Kerem Yıldırım , Hızal Ansay
Published: November 2023

Araştırmanın amacı belediyelerin düzenlemiş olduğu etkinlik duyurumlarını incelemek, etkinlik türlerini belirlemek, etkinlikleri sınıflandırmak ve ihtiyaç duyulan etkinlikler ile ilgili önerilerde bulunmaktır. Araştırmanın evrenini twitter hesabından rekreatif etkinlik duyurumu yapan tüm büyükşehir belediyeleri oluşturmaktadır. Ölçüte dayalı örnekleme tekniği ile en çok rekreatif etkinlik çeşitliliğine sahip olan ve resmi twitter hesabından duyurum yapan ilk beş büyükşehir belediyesi seçilmiştir. Araştırma verilerinin toplanması için doküman analizi, verilerin analizi için içerik analizi tekniği kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda açık alan ve kapalı alan olarak 2 adet temaya, kültür, sanat ve spor olarak 3 kategoriye ve 78 adet koda ulaşılmıştır. Ortaya çıkan temalar bağlamında beş büyükşehir belediyesinin yapmış oldukları duyurumlar karşılaştırmalı olarak tartışılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları var olan literatürdeki boşluğu doldurması bağlamında katkı sağlarken, rekreasyon uzmanları ve işletmeleri için uygulamaya yönelik birtakım öneriler sunmaktadır.
Plantain (Plantago lanceolata L.) content within plantain/ perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) pastures may be limited by livestock treading damage
Authors: Wilson Sam , Donaghy Daniel , Horne David , Navarrete Soledad , Kemp Peter
Published: November 2023

TThere is evidence that plantain (Plantago lanceolata L.) persistence within perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) dominant dairy pastures is usually poor. One factor potentially limiting plantain content and persistence is treading damage, caused by cows grazingpasture while the soil moisture content is high. The impact of treading damage on plantain regrowth and survival was investigated in two field experiments at Massey University, Palmerston North. In a small-plot study, cow treading damage was simulated on separateplantain and perennial ryegrass pastures using a novel treading device. Subsequently, a larger-scale experiment investigated the impact of treading damage by grazing dairy cows on plantain regrowth and survival within a mixed plantain/perennial ryegrass pasture. Damage by the treading device, in late spring, immediately reduced the growth rate of both plantain and perennial ryegrasspastures by 30%, however neither plantain content nor density were reduced. In experiment 2, treading damage reduced the growth rate of the mixed pasture by 50% in early spring but it recovered during late spring. Plantain content and density were both initially reduced by the treading damage treatment but recovered to pretreading levels by autumn. These results suggest that treading damage from cows may be an important cause of reduced plantain content in dairy pastures during spring, however there was no evidence that treading damage reduced plantain persistence.
Stacking nitrogen leaching mitigations in a Canterbury dairy system whilst minimising profitability losses.
Authors: Chikazhe Taisekwa Lordwell , Beukes Pierre , Bryant Racheal , Kok Jacobus , Ledgard Stewart , Edwards J.Paul , Phyn Claire
Published: November 2023

The aim of this project was to model combinations (“stacks”) of cost-effective nitrogen (N) leaching mitigations within a dairy system that could reduce N leaching by 40-60%, whilst minimising losses in profitability. A FARMAX and OverseerFM combination was used to model a baseline farm representing a typical Canterbury system, and seven sequentially “stacked” mitigated systems. The mitigations were combined and stacked in the following order based on mechanism(s) of action, practicality, and cost-effectiveness: 1) reduced synthetic N fertiliser input (from 190 to 100 kg N/ha/year); 2) including Italian ryegrass in the pasture sward; 3) including plantain in the pasture sward; 4) earlier calving and drying off (by 10 days); 5) wintering on pasture and baleage; 6) standing cows off-pasture;7) using new-generation nitrification inhibitors. The most cost-effective stack combined mitigations 1 to 5. We estimated that N leaching was reduced by 57% relative to baseline, with an 8% reduction in operating profit. Greenhouse gas emissions were reduced by 8%. The largest single reduction in N leaching was from stack #5, and it coincided with no/little change in milk production pasture eaten and had no capital cost. A careful selection of complementary mitigations could achieve significant reductions in N leaching without compromising greenhouse gas emissions and, to any great extent, profitability.
Predicting facial eczema risks in a changing New Zealand climate
Authors: Phillips Craig , Johnson Patricia , Tomasetto Federico , McRae Kathryn , Van der Weerden Tony
Published: November 2023

Facial eczema is a major concern for New Zealand farmers due to its economic impact and animal welfare implications. The disease occurs when animals ingest sporidesmin, a mycotoxin produced by spores of the fungus Pseudopithomyces chartarum. Spore production is related to weather conditions; thus the incidence and severity of facial eczema varies between years, with thedisease commonly occurring from late summer through autumn in the North Island. We developed a simple model to estimate climatic suitability for P. chartarum sporulation and ran it using climate data for 2008-2021 to compare its estimates with spore counts from the same years. Model climatic suitability estimates had significant linear correlations with an index of exposure to spores derived from spore counts at both national and local scales. Model results were also consistent with a documented outbreak of facial eczema. Using predicted future climate data from the Hadley Centre Global Environment Model version 2 and two emissionsscenarios, the model suggested climatic suitability for P. chartarum sporulation will increase with time in many New Zealand regions, particularly in the southern North Island and eastern parts of the South Island. However, it could remain relatively static in some other areas, thus the degree of change in climatic suitability for P. chartarum sporulation is predicted to vary between New Zealand regions.
Condition of the soil resource and provision of ecosystem services from a Brazilian Oxidic soil under conventional and integrated livestock-based systems
Authors: Pereira Valani Gustavo , Fachin Martíni Aline , Macedo Pezzopane José Ricardo , De Campos Bernardi Alberto Carlos , Perondi Anchão Oliveira Patrícia , Cooper Miguel , Mackay Alec , Dominati Estelle
Published: November 2023

Integrated crop-livestock-forest systems promote soil health and deliver more ecosystem services (ES) compared to conventional livestock systems, although most studies on the subject poorly describe the soil component of these systems. This preliminary studyassessed the condition of the soil resource and its role in the provision of ecosystem services from a Brazilian Oxidic soil under conventional and integrated livestock-based systems. Five systems were studied from pasture only to partial and fully integrated croplivestock-forest systems. All are located on one of the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa) Research Farms. Data for the quantification of the soil resource and ES for each of these livestockbased systems were retrieved from previous studiesand used to quantify soil health, the provision of food and fibre and climate regulation, as well as report their impacts on receiving environment. Soil organic carbon content, a key component of soil health, was higher in the most integrated system. Soil-based grass yields were lower in integrated systems due to competition for resources from the trees or space taken by crops but had the highest overall provision of food and fibre. Carbon sequestration by trees in the integrated systems offsets enteric methane emissions from beef production, and this ES contributes to mitigating climate change. Future studies should include analysis of all the naturalresources and a wider range of soil-based ecosystem services, along with impacts on receiving environmentsto provide a more complete picture of the performance of integrated livestock-based systems.
Co-benefits and trade-offs of water quality mitigation measures on greenhouse gas emissions from New Zealand dairy systems
Authors: Smith Chris , Van der Weerden Tony , Selbie Diana
Published: November 2023

As part of government climate change policy, New Zealand dairy farmers will be encouraged to reduce their greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through a proposed pricing mechanism. With integrated farm plans on the horizon, farmers need information on how mitigations for water quality will impact GHG emissions. Using a typology approach that captured the main production attributes and drivers of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) losses to water we assessed the impact of 12 current N and P contaminant mitigations on GHG co-benefits or trade-offs. Four of the mitigations had a co-benefit effect, with most of these being N mitigation measures.Trade-offs were detected for two water quality mitigations (stand-off pads and deferring effluent application), resulting in an increase in estimated GHG emissions. The remaining six water quality mitigations tested, either had a minimal impact, or had both a tradeoffand co-benefit. Our data provides pastoral farmers and rural professionals with information to guide initial conversations on options to reduce losses to water and air for developing integrated farm plans
Multifunctional electrospun nanofibrous scaffold enriched with alendronate and hydroxyapatite for balancing osteogenic and osteoclast activity to promote bone regeneration
Authors: Anjum Shabnam , Arya Dilip Kumar , Saeed Mohammad , Ali Daoud , Athar Mohammad Saud , Yulin Wang , Alarifi Saud , Wu Xixi , Rajinikanth P.S. , Ao Qiang
Published: November 2023

Electrospun composite nanofiber scaffolds are well known for their bone and tissue regeneration applications. This research is focused on the development of PVP and PVA nanofiber composite scaffolds enriched with hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles and alendronate (ALN) using the electrospinning technique. The developed nanofiber scaffolds were investigated for their physicochemical as well as bone regeneration potential. The results obtained from particle size, zeta potential, SEM and EDX analysis of HA nanoparticles confirmed their successful fabrication. Further, SEM analysis verified nanofiber’s diameters within 200–250 nm, while EDX analysis confirmed the successful incorporation of HA and ALN into the scaffolds. XRD and TGA analysis revealed the amorphous and thermally stable nature of the nanofiber composite scaffolds. Contact angle, FTIR analysis, Swelling and biodegradability studies revealed the hydrophilicity, chemical compatibility, suitable water uptake capacity and increased in-vitro degradation making it appropriate for tissue regeneration. The addition of HA into nanofiber scaffolds enhanced the physiochemical properties. Additionally, hemolysis cell viability, cell adhesion and proliferation by SEM as well as confocal microscopy and live/dead assay results demonstrated the non-toxic and biocompatibility behavior of nanofiber scaffolds. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) assays demonstrated osteoblast promotion and osteoclast inhibition, respectively. These findings suggest that developed HA and ALN-loaded PVP/PVA-ALN-HA nanofiber composite scaffolds hold significant promise for bone regeneration applications.
A GIS-based study on the spatial distribution and influencing factors of monastic gardens in Jiangxi Province, China
Authors: Zhang Ting , Hu Yuzhu , Lei Tingting , Hu Haihui
Published: November 2023

The temple gardens are an important human landscape and have an important position in the Chinese garden system. Using GIS analysis tools, primarily the Nearest Neighbor Index, Kernel Density Estimation, and Spatial Autocorrelation, and employing a Geographic Detector model, we analyzed the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of 4,317 temples and gardens in Jiangxi Province. Research shows that: 1) The spatial distribution type of temple gardens in Jiangxi Province is agglomeration type, with large spatial differences in distribution, forming a spatial distribution pattern of “generally dispersed and concentrated in some areas”; 2) the distribution of temple gardens in Jiangxi Province is uneven. They are mostly distributed in five prefecture-level cities: Ganzhou, Jiujiang, Shangrao, Fuzhou, and Nanchang; 3) The overall spatial distribution of temple gardens in Jiangxi Province has positive autocorrelation characteristics, and prefecture-level cities have significant proximity characteristics, forming a “high-high” “agglomeration” and “low-low agglomeration” distribution patterns; 4) Temple gardens in various regions are affected by geomorphological factors, and are mostly concentrated in the lower altitude range of 0–500 m and the gentle slope of 0°–30°. Most of the distribution density of temple gardens in various prefecture-level cities is within the buffer zone distance of the road network within the range of 0–1.5 km. 5) Economic, cultural, demographic, and historical factors have affected the development of temple gardens. Areas with more active economies have a denser number of temple gardens. The unique regional culture affects the distribution of temples and gardens in different regions. In places where the modern population is densely distributed, there are fewer temples and gardens, while in places where the population is less densely distributed, there are more temples and gardens. 6) The use of geographical detectors to detect influencing factors shows that the greatest impact on the spatial distribution of temple gardens in Jiangxi Province is the road network, followed by elevation, slope, GDP, and water systems. The research is conducive to scientific understanding of the distribution of temple gardens among prefecture-level cities in Jiangxi Province, and provides reference for strengthening the protection of temple gardens and exploring the tourism characteristics of temple gardens.