bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estratégia Algorítmica para a Reconstrução e Validação da Estrutura Molecular de Variantes do SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Souza Clarice de , Bessa João , Freitas Rosiane de , Oliveira Micael , Mota Kelson
Published: July 2021

Aspectos matemático-computacionais e físico-químicos envolvidos na reconstrução da estrutura molecular tridimensional de proteínas do SARS-CoV-2 são abordados neste artigo, envolvendo a variante P.1 detectada em pacientes infectados em solo brasileiro, principalmente as do estado do Amazonas. Foi realizado um estudo sobre o impacto teórico da P.1 por intermédio da reconstrução estrutural de proteínas onde a mutagênese foi realizada computacionalmente e com o auxílio da implementação de um algoritmo de enumeração implícita de factibilidade, Branch-and-Prune, cujas soluções foram validadas através do uso do gráfico de Ramachandran. Desta forma, mesmo com a ausência de estruturas cristalográficas caracterizando estas mutações, pôde-se computacionalmente modelar uma estrutura tridimensional onde ao fim realizou-se o alinhamento estrutural com a cristalografia do complexo ACE2-RBD
MastitAlert: em direção à detecção da mastite durante o ato da ordenha
Authors: Portugal Gabriel , Guedes Gustavo
Published: July 2021

A mastite é uma doença que impacta significativamente a pecuária leiteira. Sua forma subclínica pode levar a prejuízos relevantes, dado que não apresenta sinais visíveis no leite ou nas glândulas mamárias dos animais. Há diversas maneiras de detectar a mastite subclínica. Pode-se destacar os dispositivos que usam a corrente elétrica para aferir o grau de mastite no leite. No entanto, esses dispositivos são empregados no leite após o ato da ordenha. Este trabalho em andamento propõe um dispositivo para aferir a mastite no leite por meio da corrente elétrica, entretanto, durante o ato de ordenha.
Poulbot – O Chatbot Extensionista Rural na Área de Incubação Artificial de Frangos de Corte
Authors: Oliveira Filho Aloísio Alkmim de , Barbosa Vanessa Michalsky , Machado Gustavo Bittencourt , Silva Taís Pinheiro Borges , Franca Tayana Nery , Mercês Nayana Borges das , Martins Larissa Kiana Santos Azevedo , Azevedo Izabela Lorena
Published: July 2021

A avicultura brasileira é um dos principais setores do agronegócio no país, que produz mais de 13 milhões de toneladas de carne de frango ao ano. É um setor que se desenvolveu na região Sul e Sudeste com mais expressividade, enquanto outras regiões, como o Norte e Nordeste, apesar de terem potencial de desenvolvimento, enfrentam carência nas atividades de extensão rural para auxiliar os pequenos produtores. Desta forma, este trabalho é uma proposta de chatbot capaz de oferecer suporte ao pequeno produtor na atividade de incubação artificial de ovos, com o objetivo de produzir pintinhos de frango de corte. Os testes práticos realizados demonstraram que o Poulbot cumpre com êxito seu papel como extensionista.
Glans Ischemia Treatment with Pentoxifylline Following Circumcision in a Neonate
Authors: Mirnia Kayvan , Safari Aalie , Saeedi Maryam , Sangsari Razieh
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Circumcision is the most common surgery in male infants in Islamic countries. Therefore, knowledge of its side effects and appropriate therapies is essential. Case Presentation: In this case report, we describe a 12-day neonate with glans ischemia, two days after circumcision. We admitted the neonate and treated him with oral pentoxifylline and antibiotic for three days. Conclusions: Thus, pentoxifylline can be implemented as a treatment in post-circumcision ischemia of the glans penis in neonates.
Evaluation of the Indicators of Quality and Safety Using the Global Models of Pharmacy Accreditation in Iranian Pharmacies
Authors: Akbari Shahram , Hajinabi Kamran , Riahi Leila
Published: July 2021

Background & Objective: Utilizing optimal accreditation methods in pharmacies could improve quality and safety. The present study aimed to evaluate the quality and safety indicators of Iranian pharmacies based on the global models of pharmacy accreditation. Methods: The first phase of the study was exploratory, followed by descriptive, comparative, cross-sectional, analytical stages using the structural equation modeling technique. A regular search was conducted in databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar, websites of other reputable organizations (WHO), and pharmacy accreditation organizations using various keywords, including accreditation program, pharmacy, quality, safety, model, and their Persian equivalents. In total, 1,217 sources and studies were identified, 199 of which were relevant to the research subject. Based on the objectives of the study, the identified sources were refined, and 10 models were finally analyzed using the structural equation modeling technique. In addition, exploratory factor analysis was performed in SPSS, and confirmatory factor analysis was performed in the AMOS software. The validity and reliability of the model were evaluated for the sample size of 300. Results: The quality and safety indicators were determined to be professional ethics, correct principles of medication, quality improvement programs, monitoring of quality improvement programs and improvement of the results, safety programs, error reporting, and monitoring of safety programs. Conclusions: Our study could be considered a tool to improve the performance of pharmacies.
The Effect of the Combined Intervention of Low-Intensity Exercise and Slow Stroke Back Massage (SSBM) on Physical Activity and Severity of Fatigue in the Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy
Authors: Fazeli Maryam , Asadizaker Marziyeh , Jahani Simin , Maraghi Elham , Vosoughi Tina
Published: July 2021

Background: Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) during chemotherapy and after it and decreased body energy are common problems in patients that do not resolve with sleep and rest. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effect of combination therapy of low-intensity exercise and slow stroke back massage (SSBM) on physical activity and fatigue intensity of patients undergoing chemotherapy. Methods: This clinical trial study was performed on 92 patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy who were referred to the oncology wards of Baqhaiee-2 hospital Ahvaz-Iran (2018 - 2020). Patients were randomly divided into two groups. Intervention group patients who received three days a week for four weeks that each session 10 minutes for slow stroke back massage and 15 minutes’ low-intensity exercise. Control group patients who received usual care. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, Piper Fatigue Scale (PFS), and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and then analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The results showed the intensity of fatigue decreased in the experimental group, and there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.05). The trend of physical activity increased in the experimental group; however, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.68). Conclusions: The combination of low-intensity exercise intervention and slow stroke back massage had a positive effect on fatigue severity but no statistically positive effect on physical activity.
Molecular Analysis of rs2910164 Polymorphism and its Association with TNF-α Gene Expression in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Hamta Ahmad , Tolooi Niloofar
Published: July 2021

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world, which has been introduced as the third most common cancer and the third leading cause of death. This cancer is uncommon before the age of 50. Its prognosis is controversial, and many studies report a poor prognosis in older patients, and the others show no difference. In addition to the factors, such as diet, environmental factors, somatic, and hereditary mutations, genetic factors, including altered expression of some microRNAs and mutations in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) gene, may be involved in CRC. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the rs2910164 polymorphism from the miRNA146a gene and its association with the expression of TNF-α gene in CRC before and after the age of 50 for early diagnosis and treatment. Methods: In this study, 65 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples from patients with cancerous lesions of colorectal tissue (37 cases over 50 years were considered as the case group and 28 cases under 50 years were considered as the control group). DNA was extracted from the samples, and rs2910164 polymorphism of the miRNA146a gene was investigated by PCR. Moreover, RNA was extracted from the samples, and the expression of the miRNA146a and TNF-α genes were evaluated. Finally, Epi Info software version 7.1.3.10 and MedCalc Version 19.2.0 were used for data analysis. Results: The frequency of GG, GC, and CC genotypes from rs2910164 polymorphism of miRNA146a gene in the control group was 0.29, 0.46, and 0.25, respectively, but in the case group, it was 0.54, 0.38, and 0.08, respectively. The results also showed that the expression of miRNA146a (P = 0.00006) and TNF-α (P = 0.009) genes was higher in the case group than in the control group. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, a significant correlation was found between GG genotype and rs2910164 polymorphism of miRNA146a gene and TNF-α gene expression in the CRC samples. Therefore, investigation of these factors may be helpful in patients with CRC over 50 years.
Factors Affecting Health Tourism Development in Khouzestan Province in 2019
Authors: Jahanbani Effat , Derikvand Maryam , Najafpour Zhila , Torabipour Amin , Razmi Vahid
Published: July 2021

Background: To succeed in the health tourism industry, a developing market that is able to annually generate over $60 billion in income, the factors playing an important role in this industry need to be strengthened and developed. Objectives: Thus, the present study was aimed at identifying the factors affecting health tourism development in Khouzestan Province in 2019. Methods: This was a mixed methods study conducted in 2019 in two stages. The first stage aimed to identify and categorize the factors affecting health tourism development by reviewing the articles in the health tourism field during 2000 - 2019. The second stage aimed at prioritizing the identified factors through the hierarchical analysis method. The study population included academic and executive experts in the field of health tourism in Khouzestan Province who were chosen using the purposive nonprobability sampling method. Data were analyzed using Expert Choice software and SPSS version 22. Results: The first stage led to identifying six main criteria, including socio-cultural, facilities and infrastructure, policymaking and planning, effective marketing, political-legal, and economic, and 38 sub-criteria. Prioritizing the factors in the second stage also indicated that the facility and infrastructure criterion with 0.268 and the political-legal criterion with a score of 0.07 had the highest and lowest relative importance, respectively. Also, the economic criterion with 0.231, policymaking and planning with 0.176, effective marketing with 0.144, and socio-cultural criterion with a score of 0.105 were ranked second to fifth, respectively. Conclusions: In sum, improving medical and non-medical facilities and infrastructure in Khouzestan Province is of high priority. Therefore, it is emphasized to empower medical staff along with using the capacity of start-ups related to tourism development in this province.
Fundamental issues and indices: Aesthetics of architecture
Authors: Šuvaković Miško
Published: July 2021

The author asks the fundamental questions on aesthetics of architecture. Architecture, as the strategic dispositive of a building, and urbanism, as the strategic dispositive of a city, transform the spatial (geographic) and temporal (historical) condition into the dispositive of a form of life whereby we process ourselves as human individuals and communities of people in our spatiotemporal phenomenality at a given point in time. It is therefore necessary to politicise the different aspects of engineering-architectural and artistic-architectural practice. That means showing where the organisation of living space confronts the organisation of individual and collective forms of life. The politics of architecture is anthropologised and that means that architects/city planners work to orient architecture toward the object or relationship of objects that intervene in human life in its everyday flexible and complex intimate, private, and public appearance.
Contemporary aesthetician as a therapist of a sense ratio disorder
Authors: Prole Dragan
Published: July 2021

The first part of this paper provides background and motivation for McLuhan's concept of alienation as a consequence of modern visual culture. Since this culture has been predominantly produced by means of traditional media, and not by economical organisation of production, the insight in media structures uncovers the very existence of certain sense ratio's disproportion. Bearing that the linear world of writing should take on responsibility for a sense ratio disorder, the author analyses McLuhan's suggestion that the turn towards new electronic media implies the current changes with which the new media are destroying the old selfhood. After questioning the reasons for utterly optimistic expectations of new audiovisual media to provide the key support for the establishing of the genuine, balanced and fair-minded human, the author points out the suitability of the idea about the creation of new media self-awareness thanks to the aesthetical contributions in studying of new approaches to various models of sensitiveness. In conclusion, the author claims that an aesthetician is then no longer just an expert for artistic transcendence, but also a therapist of the threatened equilibrium among the senses.
Aleksandar Deroko: Between tradition and modernity
Authors: Jadrešin-Milić Renata
Published: July 2021

Although numerous writings by professor Aleksandar Deroko raise essential questions about nature, history, and methodology of architecture, he never provided a systematic theory, and his assertions did not belong to any mainstream architectural discourse. However, his romantic visions of remote, medieval monasteries and their origin on one hand, and on the other, the rational and methodical approach to heritage surveying evident in both his early texts and later architectural textbooks, resulted in some very novel theoretical ideas in architecture of the twentieth century. This paper examines the understanding of the tradition and modernity in the work of professor Deroko, investigates reasons behind his duality, explores the way he synthesised his research work with his pedagogical work, and tries to systematise his theoretical ideas.
acceso individual a la justicia constitucional en Lituania: el potencial dentro del modelo recientemente establecido del recurso constitucional individual
Authors: Daneliene Ingrida
Published: July 2021

El 1º de septiembre de 2019 entraron en vigor las enmiendas a la Constitución de la República de Lituania, que establecen por primera vez en el sistema jurídico lituano el derecho de una persona a recurrir directamente al Tribunal Constitucional. Lituania ha optado por el modelo limitado de recurso constitucional individual. La Constitución sólo permite el examen de la constitucionalidad de los actos sobre la base de las cuales se ha adoptado una decisión individual, lo que posiblemente constituya una violación de los derechos y libertades constitucionales de una persona física o jurídica. En consecuencia, el acceso individual directo al Tribunal Constitucional es una medida extraordinaria de defensa de los derechos y libertades constitucionales y sólo es posible tras el agotamiento de todos los recursos jurídicos efectivos, mientras que las decisiones judiciales adoptadas por los tribunales ordinarios no son objeto de control constitucional. En el artículo se llega a la conclusión de que las condiciones previas de una justicia constitucional individual efectiva se crean mediante los siguientes elementos del recurso de inconstitucionalidad. En primer lugar, una definición amplia de los sujetos capaces de interponer un recurso de inconstitucionalidad, que constituyen las personas físicas y todas las personas jurídicas de derecho privado y público. En segundo lugar, una definición amplia del objeto de la revisión, es decir, todas las leyes y otros actos que entran en el ámbito del control de constitucionalidad efectuado por el Tribunal Constitucional (actos normativos e individuales; todos los actos aprobados no sólo por el Parlamento, el Presidente, el Gobierno, sino también por referéndum). En tercer lugar, el efecto retroactivo inter partes de las sentencias adoptadas tras el examen de los recursos constitucionales individuales. En el artículo se llega a la conclusión de que, aunque todavía no se han formulado conclusiones sostenibles sobre la eficacia del mecanismo recientemente establecido, se espera que el recurso constitucional individual se convierta en una medida interna eficaz de último recurso para la protección de los derechos humanos y la libertad con respecto a las prácticas basadas en actos inconstitucionales.
Qualidade superficial de componentes de móveis utilizando serra fita e fresadora e duas espécies
Authors: Fonte Ana Paula Namikata da , Anjos Rui André Maggi dos
Published: July 2021

Esse estudo dedicou-se a considerar a utilização de eucalipto e Ocotea porosa na produção de móveis em estilo clássico, avaliando o tempo de usinagem e a qualidade superficial. Para tal, foi realizado o levantamento de dados sobre a qualidade superficial de peças de eucalipto e Ocotea porosa, por meio de uma avaliação visual com adaptação da metodologia descrita na norma ASTM 1666. Essa análise da qualidade superficial da madeira ocorreu por meio de duas diferentes espécies e conduzido por duas modalidades de usinagem (uma serra-fita e uma fresadora copiadora) de peças destinadas a produção de componentes (pés) para móveis clássicos. Após a confecção dos pés os móveis foram montados e novamente avaliados. Selecionou-se 40 amostras, nas quais foram avaliados os defeitos iniciais por meio da inspeção visual, foi aplicada a estatística não paramétrica de Kruskal-Wallis. Os valores encontrados sobre a qualidade de superfície foram considerados de boa qualidade, sendo necessário maior tempo para realizar o acabamento nas peças processadas na serra-fita se comparado com a fresadora. Pôde-se concluir que o tempo de usinagem gasto em cada tratamento influencia na capacidade de produção da empresa, sendo mais rápidos os cortes realizados pela fresadora com melhor acabamento superficial.
Agronomic performance of new strawberry cultivars in southern Brazil
Authors: Santos Marllon  Fernando Soares dos , Fagherazzi Antonio Felippe , Lima Juliana Martins de , Costa Bruna Miranda , Nerbass Francine Regianini , Kretzschmar Aike Anneliese , Rufato Leo
Published: July 2021

The choice of cultivars to be used by strawberry farmers is essential since it could determine the success of the crop. The present study aimed to evaluate the productive and qualitative performance of strawberry genotypes grown in Vacaria, RS, Brazil. Twelve strawberry genotypes were compared, constituting the different treatments: cultivars Strawberry Festival, Oso Grande, Jonica, and Pircinque, and selections FRF PA3, FRF CE 51, FRF CE 56, FRF PIR 29, FRF PIR 54, FRF 85.04, FRF 149.18, and FRF 102.21. The seedlings were transplanted on May 13, 2014, in a semi-hydroponic cultivation system, adopting a randomized block design with four blocks and an experimental unit of ten useful plants. The variables evaluated were the number of fruits, total production per plant, productivity, commercial productivity, fresh fruit mass, commercial percentage, soluble solids, titratable acidity, soluble solids to total acidity ratio, pulp firmness, and production seasonality. The mean values ​​were subjected to an analysis of variance and multivariate analysis, and their means were compared by the Scott-Knott test at a 5% error probability. Cultivar Strawberry Festival and selection FRF 102.21 showed higher productions (1138 g plant-1 nd 1019 g plant-1, respectively) and quantities of fruits produced (85 un plant-1 and 87 un plant-1, respectively). Cultivar Jonica and selection FRF 85.4 showed higher percentages of marketable fruits. The Pircinque cultivar was prominent for sugar content, presenting a value 24% superior to the general average of the cultivars. Cultivars Strawberry Festival, Jonica, and Pircinque and selection FRF 102.21 showed the highest qualitative and quantitative gains for the region of Vacaria, RS, Brazil.
Avaliação quantitativa e bioatividade de um biofilme perifítico oriundo de piscicultura
Authors: Silva Jéssica Lucinda Saldanha da , Torres Rodríguez Marina Teresa , Carvalho Fátima Cristiane Teles de , Sousa Oscarina Viana de
Published: July 2021

Um biofilme perifítico formado em um cultivo de tilápias-do-nilo foi analisado para determinação quantitativa de bactérias e fungos, detecção de substâncias com ação antibacteriana e avaliação de perfis de resistência frente a antibióticos comerciais.  Foi empregado o método de contagem padrão em placas por meio da técnica inoculação em profundidade para a quantificação das bactérias heterotróficas cultiváveis (BHC) e a técnica de espalhamento sobre meio de cultura para a de fungos. Investigou-se a produção de substâncias antibacterianas pela comunidade e a susceptibilidade a antibióticos de amplo espectro, ambos por meio da técnica de difusão em ágar. As concentrações de bactérias e fungos cultiváveis na comunidade de perifíton foram, respectivamente, 1,73×106 UFC/mL e 1,45×102 UFC/mL. O biofilme perifítico mostrou ação antibacteriana contra bactéria indicadora Gram positiva. Os antibióticos Cloranfenicol, Tetraciclina e Cefalotina foram eficientes contra os componentes do biofilme. Entretanto, a comunidade apresentou perfil de resistência ao Imipinem. As bactérias são os componentes dominantes no biofilme perifítico em comparação com os fungos contribuindo com a ciclagem de nutrientes e influenciando a qualidade da água de cultivo. O perifíton possui potencial biotecnológico de ação antimicrobiana.
La empatía histórica, una propuesta didáctica clave para la Formación Profesional Básica
Authors: Ciriza-Mendívil Carlos Daniel
Published: July 2021

La adquisición del pensamiento histórico, así como el desarrollo de las competencias históricas son objetivos fundamentales de la educación de esta disciplina. Y, sin embargo, su desarrollo y consecución en el aula de Formación Profesional Básica (FPB) conlleva enormes complejidades. Este artículo presenta un análisis de caso en el que se emplea una metodología de corte cualitativo, basada en la investigación-acción a partir de una propuesta didáctica en el módulo de Comunicación y Sociedad de la FPB analizada mediante dos tipologías instrumentales, una plantilla de observación y diez entrevistas. En la línea con otros análisis de las competencias históricas y vinculándolos con estudios propios de la FPB este análisis defiende la empatía histórica, indirectamente relacionada con la empatía cultural, la vinculación de la historia a los contextos de los estudiantes y la interdisciplinaridad como los medios para el desarrollo del pensamiento histórico y las competencias históricas en el alumnado de FPB.
Alfabetización cartográfica: un desafío para la formación del profesorado
Authors: Rodríguez Lestegás Francisco , Macía Arce Xosé Carlos , Armas Quintá Francisco Xosé
Published: July 2021

El artículo defiende la relevancia de la geografía como saber estratégico y como forma de ver el mundo, lo que avala su utilidad como disciplina académica. Ahora bien, la enseñanza de la geografía debe entenderse en el sentido de una educación geográfica dirigida a promover la alfabetización geográfica, que se centra en la alfabetización espacial y en el desarrollo del pensamiento espacial omnipresente en nuestra vida diaria. La geografía contribuye a esta tarea a través de la alfabetización cartográfica, puesto que el mapa es un poderoso instrumento para alcanzar esta meta. No obstante, se revisa la deficiente utilización de los mapas en la escuela y se mencionan las limitaciones institucionales para asegurar una adecuada alfabetización cartográfica del profesorado. Finalmente, se afirma la necesidad de que los docentes reciban la formación suficiente en relación con las competencias necesarias para conducir el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje del lenguaje cartográfico.
«La Diana», de Montemayor: un tramo de un largo camino
Authors: Castillo Martínez Cristina
Published: July 2021

A mediados del siglo XVI, varios escritores se afanaron en buscar formas de renovar la narrativa de ficción. Uno de ellos fue el portugués Jorge de Montemayor que, sobre la base de una tradición clásica y de otras tradiciones coetáneas, dio a la imprenta Los siete libros de la Diana, muy aplaudidos por los lectores. En este artículo se analizan las claves de sus historias que posibilitaron su éxito décadas antes del triunfo de la novela moderna.
El «Espejo de príncipes y caballeros» y los libros de caballerías castellanos en la década de 1550
Authors: Vargas Díaz-Toledo Aurelio
Published: July 2021

Trabajo que destaca algunos de los cambios que se produjeron en la evolución del género de los libros de caballerías castellanos en la década de 1550, especialmente tras la publicación del Espejo de príncipes y caballeros de Diego Ortúñez de Calahorra (1555), que se considera uno de los renovadores del género caballeresco con una propuesta de entretenimiento que hizo las delicias del público de la época.
La prosa de imaginación española de los siglos XVI y XVII: el nacimiento de la novela moderna
Authors: Muñoz Sánchez Juan Ramón
Published: July 2021

Presentation
Alberto García-Alix: donde habite el deseo
Authors: Carrera Pilar
Published: July 2021

Alberto García-Alix, Moriremos mirando. Textos completos. 2ª edición ampliada y actualizada, Madrid: La Fábrica, 2021, 382 págs.
Coding Gender in Romance Cultures
Authors: Perdomo Karina
Published: July 2021

Uta Felten, Tanja Schwan, Giulia Colaizzi y Francisco A. Zurian, Coding Gender in Romance Cultures. Berlín: Peter Lang, 2020, 356 págs.
Recent progress of transfer methods of two-dimensional atomic crystals and high-quality electronic devices
Authors: Wang Hao-Lin , Zong Qi-Jun , Huang Yan , Chen Yi-Wei , Zhu Yu-Jian , Wei Ling-Nan , Wang Lei ,   Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China,   School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, Xi’an 710126, China
Published: July 2021

Two-dimensional atomic crystals (2DACs) are the layered materials that can be exfoliated into the thickness of one unit cell, and attract extensive attention in current condensed matter physics. The atoms contained in a 2DAC are completely exposed, thus rendering them extremely sensitive to the external environment. Therefore, the exfoliation, transfer, rotation, stacking, encapsulation and device fabrication processes are particularly important for the electronic device quality and electrical transport properties of 2DACs. We review the recent progress of the transfer methods for 2DACs, especially the milestones in the improving of the transport properties of these two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs). For electronic devices based on 2DACs, the quality of the devices is evaluated in terms of the disorder of 2DEG, contact resistance, carrier mobility, and observed quantum Hall states, and their corresponding transfer technology, device structure and fabrication processes are also discussed in detail.
ReporterSeq reveals genome-wide dynamic modulators of the heat shock response across diverse stressors
Authors: Alford Brian D , Tassoni-Tsuchida Eduardo , Khan Danish , Work Jeremy J , Valiant Gregory , Brandman Onn
Published: July 2021

Understanding cellular stress response pathways is challenging because of the complexity of regulatory mechanisms and response dynamics, which can vary with both time and the type of stress. We developed a reverse genetic method called ReporterSeq to comprehensively identify genes regulating a stress-induced transcription factor under multiple conditions in a time-resolved manner. ReporterSeq links RNA-encoded barcode levels to pathway-specific output under genetic perturbations, allowing pooled pathway activity measurements via DNA sequencing alone and without cell enrichment or single-cell isolation. We used ReporterSeq to identify regulators of the heat shock response (HSR), a conserved, poorly understood transcriptional program that protects cells from proteotoxicity and is misregulated in disease. Genome-wide HSR regulation in budding yeast was assessed across 15 stress conditions, uncovering novel stress-specific, time-specific, and constitutive regulators. ReporterSeq can assess the genetic regulators of any transcriptional pathway with the scale of pooled genetic screens and the precision of pathway-specific readouts.
In vivo imaging of retrovirus infection reveals a role for Siglec-1/CD169 in multiple routes of transmission
Authors: Haugh Kelsey A , Ladinsky Mark S , Ullah Irfan , Stone Helen M , Pi Ruoxi , Gilardet Alexandre , Grunst Michael W , Kumar Priti , Bjorkman Pamela J , Mothes Walther , Uchil Pradeep D
Published: July 2021

Early events in retrovirus transmission are determined by interactions between incoming viruses and frontline cells near entry sites. Despite their importance for retroviral pathogenesis, very little is known about these events. We developed a bioluminescence imaging (BLI)-guided multiscale imaging approach to study these events in vivo. Engineered murine leukemia reporter viruses allowed us to monitor individual stages of retrovirus life cycle including virus particle flow, virus entry into cells, infection and spread for retroorbital, subcutaneous, and oral routes. BLI permitted temporal tracking of orally administered retroviruses along the gastrointestinal tract as they traversed the lumen through Peyer’s patches to reach the draining mesenteric sac. Importantly, capture and acquisition of lymph-, blood-, and milk-borne retroviruses spanning three routes was promoted by a common host factor, the I-type lectin CD169, expressed on sentinel macrophages. These results highlight how retroviruses co-opt the immune surveillance function of tissue-resident sentinel macrophages for establishing infection.
Acid-base transporters and pH dynamics in human breast carcinomas predict proliferative activity, metastasis, and survival
Authors: Toft Nicolai J , Axelsen Trine V , Pedersen Helene L , Mele Marco , Burton Mark , Balling Eva , Johansen Tonje , Thomassen Mads , Christiansen Peer M , Boedtkjer Ebbe
Published: July 2021

Breast cancer heterogeneity in histology and molecular subtype influences metabolic and proliferative activity and hence the acid load on cancer cells. We hypothesized that acid-base transporters and intracellular pH (pHi) dynamics contribute inter-individual variability in breast cancer aggressiveness and prognosis. We show that Na+,HCO3– cotransport and Na+/H+ exchange dominate cellular net acid extrusion in human breast carcinomas. Na+/H+ exchange elevates pHi preferentially in estrogen receptor-negative breast carcinomas, whereas Na+,HCO3– cotransport raises pHi more in invasive lobular than ductal breast carcinomas and in higher malignancy grade breast cancer. HER2-positive breast carcinomas have elevated protein expression of Na+/H+ exchanger NHE1/SLC9A1 and Na+,HCO3– cotransporter NBCn1/SLC4A7. Increased dependency on Na+,HCO3– cotransport associates with severe breast cancer: enlarged CO2/HCO3–-dependent rises in pHi predict accelerated cell proliferation, whereas enhanced CO2/HCO3–-dependent net acid extrusion, elevated NBCn1 protein expression, and reduced NHE1 protein expression predict lymph node metastasis. Accordingly, we observe reduced survival for patients suffering from luminal A or basal-like/triple-negative breast cancer with high SLC4A7 and/or low SLC9A1 mRNA expression. We conclude that the molecular mechanisms of acid-base regulation depend on clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer patients. NBCn1 expression and dependency on Na+,HCO3– cotransport for pHi regulation, measured in biopsies of human primary breast carcinomas, independently predict proliferative activity, lymph node metastasis, and patient survival.
La prueba como elemento esencial del debido procedimiento administrativo
Authors:   Universidad de los Andes (Chile), Aguirrezabal Grünstein Maite , Flores Rivas Juan Carlos ,   Universidad de los Andes (Chile)
Published: July 2021

El presente trabajo aborda aspectos vinculados al contenido del derecho a la prueba como un elemento esencial del debido procedimiento racional y justo en sede administrativa con la finalidad de establecer algunos parámetros para su proposición, admisión y valoración. Se busca determinar, si la ausencia de prueba en el procedimiento administrativo, atenta contra la garantía del debido proceso, particularmente en los procedimientos contenciosos especiales, cuya regulación no prevé el derecho a prueba limitando a los tribunales a confirma la decisión administrativa sin revisar los supuestos fácticos que le han servido de sustento.
Indemnización por actos ilegales o arbitrarios generados en la adjudicación de una licitación pública: Comentario a la Sentencia de la Corte Suprema González con Ilustre Municipalidad de Dalcahue (2019)
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Helfmann Martini Carolina
Published: July 2021

Comentario a la Sentencia de la Corte Suprema González con Ilustre Municipalidad de Dalcahue (2019)
Quality Characteristics and Sensory Properties of Noodles Produced from Blends of Wheat, Acha (Digitaria exilis), Bambara Groundnut, and Cocoyam Composite Flours
Authors: Mepba Horsefall D. , Emelike Nkechi Juliet Tamuno , Agiriga Emmanuel , Mary Emmanuel Uchechi
Published: July 2021

The objective of this study was to investigate the quality characteristics and sensory properties of noodles produced from composite flours of wheat, acha, bambara groundnut, and cocoyam. Composite flours of wheat/acha, wheat/bambara groundnut, wheat/cocoyam and wheat/acha/bambara groundnut/cocoyam were formulated by substituting acha, cocoyam and bambara groundnut flours at 10, 20 and 30% each while 100% wheat flour was used as the control. The composite flours were used to produce noodles and the noodles subjected to chroma meter analysis, proximate analysis, culinary and sensory properties evaluation. Proximate analysis revealed that the noodles contained moisture content of 10.11-11.11%, 2.72-3.99% ash, 10.34-17.52% protein, 1.25-7.51% lipid, 0.56-1.64% crude fibre and 59.38-75.03% carbohydrate. There was an increase in the moisture, ash, protein, lipid and crude fibre contents with a decrease in carbohydrate as substitution with cocoyam, acha and bambara groundnut flours increased  without observed significant (p>0.05) differences. With the addition of acha, bambara groundnut and cocoyam composites into wheat flour, water absorption progressively increased from 1.75 (control) to 2.07ml/g (Wheat-Acha-bambara-cocoyam 60:10:20:10). There was a significant (p<0.05) increase in the cooking loss of the noodle samples as substitution levels of acha, Bambara groundnut and cocoyam flour increased. Cooking time decreased for wheat: acha flour noodles and increased for wheat: cocoyam flour noodles as substitution levels of acha and cocoyam flour increased.  The composite flour of wheat: acha: cocoyam: Bambara groundnut flour also showed a decrease in cooking time as acha, cocoyam and Bambara groundnut flours were incorporated. There was no significant (p 0.05) difference in the L*, a* and b* values of wheat-bambara composite noodles. L* values of wheat-acha composite noodles increased significantly (p 0.05) with the increase in substitution with acha composite. Substitution of wheat flour with 10% to 30% acha flour and 10% to 20% Bambara groundnut flour resulted in noodles with acceptability sensory attributes.
Pertinent Nutrient Status in Soil and Water of Kargah and Napuras Streams in Gilgit Valley
Authors: -Zaman Badar-uz , Khan Huda , Tariq Maryam
Published: July 2021

Aims: To observe the status of salinity build up besides inorganic nutrient status at different sites in Kargah and Napuras streams of Gilgit valley.

Study Design: one-way ANOVA means using LSD test.

Place and Duration of Study: Kargah and Napuras streams and nearby village in Gilgit valley and the duration of the study was 3 months. 

Methodology: Soil and water sampling to analyze pertinent salinity parameters besides inorganic nutrient status.

Results: Soil and water properties for important salinity parameters were normal at mid point after entering the village areas of Kargah and  Napuras streams. Human activities especially to raise crops by applying fertilizers needs to monitor with a specific time scale in order to avoid salinity build up.
Production of Antibodies in Egg Whites of Chickens
Authors: Vaillant Angel Justiz , Ferrer-Cosme Belkis , Vuma Sehlule
Published: July 2021

Background:  IgM, which participates in the primary immune response, is the primary antibody in egg whites. There is scant information about the production of antibodies in egg whites. This study describes the preparation of antibodies against a bacterial antigen, staphylococcal protein-A.

Methods: The detection of antibodies against staphylococcal protein-A in egg white was performed by ELISA, and the antibodies were purified by protein-A affinity chromatography. Agglutination inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I strains by purified antibodies against protein-A in vitro was investigated.

Results:  ELISA showed the production of antibodies against staphylococcal protein-A in the egg whites of layer hens. The antibodies were separated using affinity chromatography. The agglutination of Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I strains occurred when the purified antibodies were incubated with S. aureus.

Conclusion: The results showed that it is possible to produce antibodies against bacterial antigens in egg whites, which can have industrial applications in the preparation of antibodies for immunotherapy of infectious diseases.
Harnessing the Benefits of Jute as Potherbs
Authors: Roy Anita , Mondal Debjani , Kumari Amrita , Hazari Sourav , Pramanick K
Published: July 2021

Demand for unconventional potherbs is increasing and known medicinal values or high content of Vitamin A or protein or Vitamin C will help jute to be equally popular as cheap sources of these. Walking on the paths of age-old belief on utilization of Jute as pat shak or potherbs (plant parts like leaves, flowers, stems, etc, that can be used in cooking or seasoning and flavouring) in some confined areas of India, the present study was undertaken with five varieties each of oilitorius and capsularis grown in teaching Farm Mondouri, BCKV in Randomised Block Design (RBD) with four replications during 2018- 2019 (4 rows of 4 m each) following recommended agronomic practices. Planting was done in first week of april month and were harvested after one month. Biomass traits like leaf length (cm), number of leaves per plant, leaf width (cm), petiole length(cm),  plant height (cm), weight per plant (gm) were recorded along with an estimation of Vitamin A, Vitamin C and protein content in the leaves. In olitorius heritability was moderately high in all the traits except a number of leaves along with moderate Genetic Advance as per cent of Mean (GAM) for Leaf length. Fresh weight indicates that this may be due to additive gene effects and selection for these types of traits may be always rewarding.  In capsularis heritability was moderately high for all traits except for the leaf length along with moderate GAM for petiole length and fresh weight indicates that this may be due to additive gene effects and selection for these types of traits may be rewarding. JRO 524 recorded high biomass yield along with high content of vitamin A (6950 IU (approximately 40 % of carrot) can serve as a cheap source of Vitamin A in the northeast provinces where it can be successfully taken as a vegetable as it happens to be one among the twenty-five popularly cultivated leafy vegetables (shaks) in West Bengal. Young jute leaves are flavorful and tender are rich in betacarotene, iron, calcium, and Vitamin C.  Criteria of selection for improvement of yield can be taken in terms of wt g per 10 plants as suggested in capsularis and both wt of leaves and petiole size and no of leaves in case of olitorius. Also it can be stated that the traits like no of leaves and Leaf length are more affected by environmental variations in case of olitorius and the trait like plant height in case of capsularis. JRO 524 recorded high biomass yield along with high content of vItamin A (6950 IU approximately 40 % of carrot) can serve as a cheap source of Vitamin A in the northeast provinces where it can be successfully taken as a vegetable.
Effect of using Blended Learning Method on Final Year Students of BAMS to Learn Shalyatantra
Authors: Shrivastav Pooja , Ghewade Babaji , Parwe Shweta , Dasar Devyani
Published: July 2021

Background: E – learning has been considered as one the most up-to-date learning techniques, which come with a slew of benefits like it allows worker to be trained, educated etc and negative aspect like dependence on technology, a lack of motivation, and a lack of human touch. Blended learning, on the other hand, is a mix of online and face-to-face learning. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of blended learning to traditional learning.

Aim and Objectives: To study the effect of Blended learning method on Final year BAMS students in comparison with conventional teaching method to learn Shalyatantra.

Methodology: The Final year BAMS students of MGAC.H & RC will be selected for the study and equally divided in two equal groups i.e A and B. ‘Kshar Karma’ will be taken as study topic. In Group A, topic will be taught by Conventional method while in Group B it will be taught by Blended learning method. Senior and experienced Shalyatantra faculty will be chosen. Sensitization of teacher and final year BAMS student regarding Blended learning method will be done. Total 70 students will be equally divided into two groups. Pretest (before commencing study) and posttest (after sessions) form consisting of 20 MCQ will be distributed and filled up by the participants.  

Results: Result will be drawn on the basis of the observations.

Conclusion: Conclusion of the study will be drawn on the basis of statistical data calculated.
Utilization Pattern of Indian Traditional Medicine in the Treatment of Cancer
Authors: Mathew Manju K. , Saravanan K. , Abraham Sujith
Published: July 2021

Aim: The aim of this study was to find the utilization pattern of Indian traditional medicine systems among the cancer patients.

Study Design: The present study is an observation cross-section design and conducted among the patients visiting in a hospital practicing Indian Traditional Medicine system from January2019 – December 2019.

Methodology: 379 cancer patients were participated in this study and required information were collected using a descriptive semi-structured questionnaire.

Results: The result implies that ITMS is widespread in cancer patients with 86.28% treating with selected form of ITS. A mixed group of 341 remedy was recognized and practiced. Ayurveda, Siddha, Homeopathy, Unani as well as Yoga and nutrition was the very frequently prescribed ITMS remedies. Herbal medicine use tripled from use prior to detection of cancer. Multivariate analysis showed that the usage patterns of the ITMS patients were belong to the adult populations and female. The source of information was mainly from friends/ family and the media, while directions from allopathic doctors and nurses were very negligible in giving ITMS related suggestions. 82.06% of patients used ITMS in order to improve the immunity to fight against cancer and/ or increase physical well-being. 88.92% of patients have gained from ITMS. 10.03% of patients reported minor side effects.

Conclusion: From the findings of the present, that the healthcare professionals can investigate the use of ITMS with cancer patients. The patients have shown strong attraction towards the ITM system due to less side effects and comparatively treatment cost is less though the efficacy and safety are yet to be explored many therapy regimens. The patients can be counselled regarding its potential benefits of ITMS remedies with the restricted existing effectiveness and for the improvement of patients.
Drinking Water Practices, Quality and GIT Disturbances at Household Level in Rural Setting of Wardha District, Maharashtra, India
Authors: Agrawal Saloni , Dakohde Sarika , Singh Brijpal , Mahajan Shital
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Limited availability of safe drinking water and poor sanitation can lead to water borne diseases. In India, alone waterborne diseases are projected to have an economic burden of approximately USD 600 million a year. Rural population face water, sanitation, and hygiene-related health issues. In India, many programs are running since decades, but there is need to understand current scenario of drinking water practices in the community.

Objectives: To assess the drinking water practices, purification methods, drinking water quality at household level and Gastrointestinal GIT disturbances among the visited household.

Methods: This community based cross-sectional study was conducted during July-December 2019 in purposively selected three villages of field practice area JNMC, Wardha. Sample size is calculated to be 96 household and rounded up to 100 for each village (total 300 household). Households of Village A, B, and C are 392, 388 and 381 respectively. 100 household were selected by systematic random sampling method. Information was collected by interviewing adult at home after verbal consent by using Pre-structured, pre-tested questionnaire. Randomly ten water samples from each village tested for quality.

Results: Most of the household i.e. 80% have water source in their premises into dwelling (47%) or own yard (32%). Overall 61% of the household had adopted purification method. Village-wise distribution for adoption of purification methods, it is found significantly highest in village C and lowest in A (X2 -8.54, p=0.013). On an average 25% of the household reported that family members were suffered from gastrointestinal disturbances. Village-wise distribution for GIT disturbances cases, it is found significantly highest in village A and lowest in C (X2-19.25, p=0.0001). Most common purification method is filtration by using cloth or net by 41%. Total 76.67% water samples were contaminated.

Conclusion: Village which shows higher percentage of HH adopted purification method suffered less from GIT disturbances. Most of water samples were unsafe for drinking purpose. Hence community can be aware through an integrated approach such as Village, health sanitation and nutrition committee can be strengthened.