bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Magyar artikulációs fonetikai kísérleti kutatások a kezdetektől napjainkig
Authors: Markó Alexandra , Gráczi Tekla Etelka , Juhász Kornélia , Deme Andrea
Published: January 2025

A tanulmány a magyar artikulációs fonetika történetét ismerteti, áttekintést nyújtva annak főbb tendenciáiról, a változó technológiai háttérről és a főbb eredményekről. A magyar nyelvvel kapcsolatos artikulációs kísérletek közel 140 éves történetét három nagy korszakban mutatja be. Az időszakok határait jelentős mérföldkövek és/vagy a történelmi-politikai háttér változása miatti többéves szünetek jelölik ki. Az első, 1887-től a második világháború végéig tartó időszak a szórványos vizsgálatok korszaka, amelyben egyes beszédhangcsoportok vizsgálata áll a középpontban. A második időszak a Magyar Népköztársaság égisze alatt új intézményi háttér és új eszközök megjelenését mutatja. Ennek az időszaknak a második felében a magyar köznyelv kimerítő dokumentálásának igénye kerül a középpontba egy új műfaj, a fonetikai atlasz formájában. A második évezred utáni harmadik időszak új kutatási kérdések és paradigmák előtt nyitotta meg a teret a modern eszközök, mint például az elektromágneses artikulográfia, az ultrahangos nyelvi képalkotás vagy az elektroglottográfia révén.
Effect of Surfactant Protein B and D Genes Polymorphisms on Frequency and Severity of Acute Bronchiolitis
Authors: Altıntaş Seyyah Buket , Gül Ali , Takçı Şahin , Ateş Hacı Ömer , Yılmaz Resul
Published: January 2025

Background and aim: Acute bronchiolitis (AB) is the most common cause of hospitalization in infants. Varying bronchiolitis presentations in patients with similar demographic characteristics suggest genetic causes of individual differences.
Materials and Methods: The study included 106 infants diagnosed with AB and 107 healthy infants recruited from a pediatric outpatient clinic. Genotyping was conducted for intron 4 and C/A–18 in the SP-B gene, along with SP-D/160 (Ala160Thr) and SP-D/270 (Ser270Thr) polymorphisms in the SP-D gene.
Results: The SP-B intron 4 invariant polymorphisms of ins/ins and ins/del were 93.40% and 4.72% in the AB group and 84.11% and 15.89% in the control group, respectively (p = 0.012). Frequency of polymorphism in the SP-D/270 (Ser270Thr) gene for Ser/Ser and Ser/Thr was 60% and 39.05% in the AB group and 79.44% and 18.69% in the control group, respectively (p = 0.004). The frequencies of Ser and Thr alleles were 79.90% and 20.10% in the AB group and 88.79% and 11.21% in the control group, respectively (p = 0.012). There was no observed correlation between the SP-B intron 4 and C/A-1, as well as the SP-D Ser270Thr and Ala160Thr polymorphisms, with the severity of AB (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: SP-B gene polymorphisms were identified as risk factors for AB, while SP-D polymorphisms appeared to play a protective role. However, these polymorphisms were not linked to AB severity. Early identification of children at risk could enable close monitoring and preventive care.
Eski Hükümlülerin Sosyal Yardım ve Sosyal Güvenlikle İlgili Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: İştar Işıklı Emel , Duran Abdulsamet
Published: January 2025

Çalışmanın amacı, eski hükümlü bireylerin sosyal yardımlar ve sosyal güvenlikle ilgili görüşlerinin incelenmesidir. Bu kapsamda saha araştırması, Düzce ilinde ikamet etmekte olan 15 eski hükümlü birey ile derinlemesine mülakat tekniği kullanarak yapılmıştır. Katılımcılar kasten yaralama, yağma, cinsel saldırı, çıkar amaçlı örgüt kurma, uyuşturucu madde ticareti, öldürmeye teşebbüs, kasten adam öldürme ve dolandırıcılık suçlarından dolayı cezaevinde kalmış kişilerdir. Örneklemin yaş ortalaması 40,13’tür ve ortalama olarak cezaevinde kaldıkları süre 5,13 yıldır. Çoğunluğunun (14 kişi) sosyal güvencesi bulunmaktadır. Araştırma sonucunda, katılımcıların hepsinin sosyal güvenlik ve sosyal yardımlar hakkında bilgi sahibi olduğu ancak çoğunluğunun (13 kişi) sosyal yardımlardan faydalanmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Katılımcılar, sosyal güvenlik sisteminin daha iyi işlemesi için ayrımcılığın olmaması gerektiği önerisinde bulunmuştur.
Türkiye’de Kurumsal Kalite ve Ekolojik Ayak İzi İlişkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Kırıkçı Muhammet Bahri
Published: January 2025

İklim krizinin derinleştiği günümüz dünyasında, en önemli sorunlardan birisini çevre kirliliğinin önlenmesi oluşturmaktadır. Bu bağlamda çalışmada çevre kirliliğinin önlenmesi sorununa farklı bir bakış açısı geliştirmek amacıyla kurumların çevre üzerinde oynadığı rol incelenmektedir. Bu hedef doğrultusunda Türkiye’de 1984-2022 dönemi arasında ARDL, DOLS, FMOLS ve CCR tekniğinden faydalanılarak ampirik bir inceleme yapılmaktadır. Ayrıca değişkenler arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisi Toda Yamamoto Nedensellik Testi ile incelenmektedir. Çalışma sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre kurumsal kalitenin çevre kirliliğini azalttığı tespit edilmektedir. Diğer yandan kirlilik sığınağı hipotezinin test edildiği bu çalışmada, uzun dönemde bu hipotezin geçerli olduğu kabul edilmektedir. Kurumsal kalite ve ekolojik ayak izi arasında çift yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi olduğu tespit edilmektedir.
Suç Gelirlerinin Aklanması ve Vergi Suçları İlişkisinin Mali Eylem Görev Gücü (FATF) Standartları Temelinde İncelenmesi: Türkiye için Bir Durum Değerlendirmesi
Authors: Bülbül Duran , Güler Kadir
Published: January 2025

Suç gelirlerinin aklanması ve vergi suçları, topluma maliyeti yüksek olan finansal suçlar olup, aralarında önemli bağlantılar bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Mali Eylem Görev Gücü (Financial Action Task Force - FATF) tarafından aklama suçuna karşı getirilen tedbirlerin vergi uyumuna ve vergi suçları ile mücadeleye olan katkılarının incelenmesi ve Türkiye’deki durumun değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda öncelikle bu suçlara ve aralarındaki bağlantılara ilişkin kavramsal çerçeve oluşturulmuş, daha sonra FATF standartları temelinde aklama suçlarına karşı getirilen tedbirlerin genel olarak vergi uyumu ve vergi suçlarına etkileri araştırılmış ve Türkiye’deki durum incelenerek analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan çalışma müşterinin tanınması ve şüpheli işlemlerin bildirilmesine ilişkin tedbirlerin vergi mükelleflerinin, verilendirilmesi gereken iş ve işlemler ile gelirlerin tespitine ve vergi kaçakçılığının ortaya çıkarılmasına önemli ölçüde katkı yapma potansiyelinin bulunduğunu, ancak ülkemizde bu potansiyelden yeterince yararlanılmadığını göstermiştir.
Parasosyal Etkileşim ve İmpulsif Satın Alma İlişkisinde Marka Benlik Uyumunun Aracı Etkisi
Authors: Çolakoğlu Emre , Çağlar Çetinkaya Nur
Published: January 2025

Bu çalışmanın amacı, parasosyal etkileşim ve impulsif satın alma arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Bu doğrultuda, fiziksel çekicilik, sosyal çekicilik, güvenilirlik ve uzmanlık değişkenlerinin, parasosyal etkileşimin öncülleri olduğu; parasosyal etkileşim ile marka benlik uyumu değişkenlerinin de impulsif satın almanın öncülü olduğu bir model oluşturulmuştur. Kolayda örneklem yöntemiyle belirlenen 218 katılımcıyla online anket yöntemiyle veri toplanmıştır. Analiz bulguları, fiziksel çekicilik, sosyal çekicilik, güvenilirlik ve uzmanlık değişkenlerinin parasosyal etkileşim üzerinde doğrudan ve pozitif etkisi olduğu; impulsif satın almayı, marka benlik uyumu doğrudan ve pozitif etkilerken, parasosyal etkileşimin doğrudan etkisinin olmadığı; parasosyal etkileşim ve impulsif satın alma arasındaki ilişkide marka benlik uyumunun tam aracı olduğunu göstermiştir.
6 Şubat 2023 Kahramanmaraş Merkezli Depremlerin Psiko-Sosyal ve Ekonomik Etkilerinin Keşfedilmesine İlişkin Nitel Bir Çalışma
Authors: Yanardağ Rauf , Toper Ferhat , Yağar Fedayi
Published: January 2025

Türkiye’de 6 Şubat 2023 tarihinde meydana gelen Kahramanmaraş merkezli depremler, son yılların en yıkıcı depremlerindendir. Elli binden fazla insanın hayatını kaybettiği, 100 binden fazla insanın yaralandığı ve milyonlarca insanın evsiz kaldığı bu depremler, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti tarihinin görmüş olduğu en şiddetli ve en fazla kaybın yaşandığı depremlerdir. Bu çalışmanın amacı meydana gelen bu depremlerden doğrudan etkilenen deprem mağdurlarının deprem anında ve sonrasında yaşadıklarını açığa kavuşturmak ve sorunlarını araştırmaktır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma desenlerinden biri olan olgubilim yaklaşımından yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma grubu 36 bireyden oluşmaktadır. Veriler yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular depremden sonra yaşanan zorluklar, depremin psikososyal etkileri ve ülkemizin deprem konusundaki eksikleri olmak üzere üç ana temadan oluşmaktadır. Katılımcılar, deprem sonrasında başta barınma olmak üzere birçok temel ihtiyaca erişmede zorluklar yaşamışlardır. Sonuç olarak, katılımcılar deprem sonrasında sosyal çevreden uzaklaşarak yalnızlaştıklarını, depremin derin izler bıraktığını ve bu izlerin uzun yıllar silinmeyeceğini düşündüklerini ifade etmişlerdir.
Y Maze - Novel Arm v1
Authors: Adamson Ashley , Smith Allie , R De Miranda Briana
Published: January 2025

The following protocol is used to assess spatial memory function using the Y Maze (novel arm variant) at the University of Alabama at Birmingham's Neuroscience Behavioral Assessment Core.
Exploring the Meaning and Educational Direction of Affective Citizenship
Authors:   Korean Soc Study Moral Educ, Ko Mi-Suk
Published: January 2025

This study examined the meaning of affective citizenship and affective citizen, and explored the direction of affective citizenship education on the basis of this. The role of affective domain such as affect and emotion in citizenship tends to be neglected or focused on specific emotions such as positive emotions and patriotism. However, it is important how to feel about the state or community as a citizen, not just about legal rights or status in citizenship. The term “affective” is used to include affect, emotions, and feelings, and the affective plays an important role in the formation of citizenship. Understanding affective citizenship requires the aspect of civic identity through emotion, the aspect of governing through affect, and the critical, transformative aspect. In addition, affective citizen is being who acknowledges the needs and desires of other citizens, deals with public issues through relationships and cooperation, practices through emotions, becomes relational citizens entangled with all beings, and has critical reflections on what she feels. For affective citizenship education, it was suggested that citizens perceive themselves as affective citizens, feel, critically analyze, and transform various emotions related to citizenship as performative citizens.
Exploring Shame as a Student’s Self-Destructive Experience: A Study through Sartre’s Concept of Shame
Authors:   Korean Soc Study Moral Educ, Sohn Young-Il
Published: January 2025

This study aims to interpret the self-divisive situations experienced by students in the classroom as an emotion called shame, and to attempt an educational philosophical interpretation of this emotion. The researcher diagnoses that shame, which has been mainly understood as an opportunity for moral self-cultivation, has lost its educational effectiveness in an educational culture centered on entrance exams and filled with the logic of competition and conflict, and is simply acting as a ‘self-destructive shame’ that erodes various goals pursued by our education. The concept of ‘shame’ presented by Sartre provides great insight into understanding the types of shame experienced by students in educational practice. According to Sartre, shame is an emotion that is caused by ‘the other as a gaze’, and this other consistently gives the subject of the emotion an experience of negative self-understanding. Due to this negative aspect, shame operates in a state where educational possibilities such as self-reflection and improvement are lost, that is, it manifests as a purely negative self-destructive emotion. Based on this understanding of shame, follow-up research is needed to explore the possibilities of educationally meaningful shame in modern society.
Socrates’ Pursuit of the Good and the Transcendental Justification
Authors:   Korean Soc Study Moral Educ, Park Sang-Cheol
Published: January 2025

In the dialogue Laches, Plato addresses the issue of justification of Educational content in the language of today’s curriculum researchers.
Plato’s view on the issue can be summarized as follows: the value of educational content should be judged not from the perspective of utility, but in light of whether or not it helps to care for the soul. Here, ‘care for the soul’ is possible through the ‘life of reflection’, which Socrates recommended throughout his life. In his view, human life is a process of purifying the soul through reflection. And for him, the life of reflection and purification of the soul is a command from God and the destiny of humans, and no one can be an exception to it. In the researcher’s view, this view of Plato reappears in R. S. Peters’ discussion of the transcendental justification. According to Peters, humans are born into a civilized life in which it is valuable to use reason to ask questions about the current situation and find answers. Of course, this question also includes the practical question of why we should do this and not that. Education is an activity that initiates children into a civilized life by using the accumulated results as educational content. Therefore, the demand to justify educational content is meaningful only when its value is already accepted. Peters’ discussion of the transcendental justification can be more fully formed by Plato’s view on the problem of the source of knowledge, which is implied in ‘the purification of the soul’.
Thinking the Possibility of Aesthetic Morality: Focusing on Schiller’s Concept of ‘Aesthetica’
Authors:   Korean Soc Study Moral Educ, Lee Ga-Yeon
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this article is to reveal the true meaning of conventional morality and rational morality by suggesting the possibility of aesthetic morality through the study of Schiller’s concept of ‘aesthetica’. ‘Aesthetica’ means beauty, and beauty is the source of harmony, the principle of harmony, and a harmonious state. When aesthetica mediates and synthesizes conventional morality and rational morality, then the morality becomes aesthetic morality. Aesthetic morality is the ‘first morality’ before being divided into two moralities, the ‘process of morality’ that enables the transition from conventional morality to rational morality, and the ‘final morality’ that synthesizes the two moralities. In other words, aesthetic morality is not a new kind of morality, but a ‘morality of harmony’ that connects the two moralities by discovering the morality that is latent as a possibility in the two moralities—that is, complete humanity. Ultimately, aesthetic morality means the ‘self-realization of possibility’ or the ‘self-realization of morality’ in which the first possibility and the first morality realize themselves. Moral education should be conducted in a way that allows students to develop their potential based on the understanding that conventional morality and rational morality are expressions of the same morality.
Disc and Ring Exciter Shape Effects on Flat-Panel Loudspeakers
Authors: Anderson David A.
Published: January 2025

Flat-panel loudspeaker exciters are moving coil motors with a coupling surface, often shaped like a ring or disc, that attaches to the surface of a plate. Simulations normally treat the exciter as acting like a point force, but in reality, the ring or disc shape can have a significant influence on the frequency response of the plate at middle and high frequencies. Equations to model the effects of disc and ring shapes are introduced, and simulations demonstrate that these exciter coupling shapes impose a low-pass filtering effect with sharp nodes in the frequency response of the vibrating surface, with rings having a lower cutoff frequency than discs. Comparisons between simulation and experimental data are provided.
One hundred years of endocrinology in Russia. From the history of pediatric endocrinology in Saint Petersburg
Authors: Bashnina Elena B. , Tyrtova Ludmila V. , Skorodok Yulia L. , Berseneva Olga S.
Published: January 2025

Endocrinology, one of the most dynamically developing branches of medicine, has existed as a separate discipline for a little over 100 years. The author of one of the first guidelines on endocrinology in Russia and the founder of the Leningrad School of Clinical Endocrinology was Professor Vasily G. Baranov (1899–1988). In 1926, an endocrinology department was opened at the Department of Therapy of the Leningrad State Institute for Advanced Medical Training under the leadership of Vasily Gavrilovich. Later, in 1963, Professor V.G. Baranov founded the Department of Endocrinology at this educational institution, which currently bears the name of the scientist. V.G. Baranov paid special attention to the issues of endocrine diseases in childhood. Together with academician A.F. Tur, he initiated the creation of an endocrinological service in pediatrics. It was only in 1998 that a new specialty “pediatric endocrinology” was added to the already existing training programs for doctors in the specialty “endocrinology”, opened by order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. However, the development and formation of pediatric endocrinology as a separate medical discipline took place before official recognition. A special role in the history of this formation belongs to the doctors of St. Petersburg.
Sepsis in newborns (Draft federal guidelines)
Authors: Alexandrovich Yuri S. , Balashova Ekaterina N. , Boronina Irina V. , Zavyalova Anna N. , Zolotareva Lyubov S. , Ivanov Dmitry O. , Kirilochev Oleg K. , Lisitsa Ivan A. , Makulova Anastasiya I. , Mironov Petr I. , Osokina Regina A. , Pavlovskaya Ekaterina Yu. , Popov Dmitry A. , Pshenisnov Konstantin V. , Sergeeva Vera A. , Serednyakov Konstantin V. , Fedorova Larisa A. , Agafonova Anna V.
Published: January 2025

Neonatal sepsis is one of the most severe diseases of the neonatal period with a high probability of developing multiple organ dysfunction, septic shock and an unfavorable outcome. The purpose of this publication is to present draft federal clinical guidelines for the treatment of sepsis in newborns, which were developed taking into account the principles of evidence-based medicine. During the preparation of clinical guidelines, key questions were formulated using the PIPOH formula: P (population) — patient population and disease characteristics (neonate with sepsis and septic shock); I (interventions) — intensive care measures; P (professionals) — target audience of clinical recommendations (anesthesiologists, intensive care physicians, neonatologists, pediatricians, surgeons, infectious disease doctors); O (outcomes) — expected outcomes that can be improved (patient outcomes, health system indicators, epidemiological indicators, etc.); H (health care setting) — place of medical care (outpatient clinic, hospital, intensive care unit). The project includes sections on the etiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis of sepsis in newborns. Particular attention is paid to the issues of microbiological diagnostics, identification of the pathogen, antibacterial therapy, respiratory and nutritional support, extracorporeal hemocorrection, the use of intravenous immunoglobulins. It has been demonstrated that one of the mandatory elements of therapy is the early initiation of enteral nutrition using breast milk, the use of which is one of the most effective methods for the prevention of late sepsis in premature newborns with low and extremely low birth weight.
Argumentation resource in scientific pedagogy as an object of research
Authors: Korzhuev A. V. , Lesnichuk S. A. , Kontarov N. A. , Ikrennikova Yu. B.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The analysis of the argumentation employed by scientists and educators in recent years reveals a tendency to adopt an uncritical attitude towards the opinions of scientific authorities, as     well as distortions in the formulation of definitions and inaccuracies in both theoretical and empirical justifications of conclusions. These issues indicate attempts at methodological “interference” within the argumentative discourse in science education. Aim. The present research aims to identify the specifics of scientific argumentation in pedagogy and categorise the criteria for its compliance with the methodological framework into two parts: the formulation of “strict” and “soft” requirements. Methodology and research methods. The following research methods were employed: analysis of recordings of scientific dialogues, as well as texts from articles, monographs, and dissertations on pedagogy to assess argumentative correctness; analysis of methodological literature addressing the issues of argumentation across various fields of knowledge; and a method for dividing the field of scientific argumentation into two categories based on the characteristics of the subject of pedagogical research, including the potential for definition and the construction of theoretical frameworks. Results. The outcome of the study is the identification of the requirements for scientific arguments in pedagogy, shaped by the unique characteristics of its subject area. These requirements can be categorised into two types: “strict” requirements, which should be aspired to, and “soft” requirements, which can be described as mitigating circumstances that assist pedagogical researchers in addressing criticisms arising from comparisons between pedagogical argumentation and analogous processes in other scientific disciplines. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of this research lies in the justification for dividing the field of argumentation – an essential component of pedagogical methodology – into “hard” and “soft” criteria that align the arguments of scientific pedagogy with methodological norms. Practical significance of the results lies in the potential to utilise the presented material as educational content for students enrolled in pedagogical education programmes, serving as a guide for completing their final qualifying works.
Field effect transistor oscillator with a dielectric resonator
Authors: Zikiy A.N. , Kochubey A.S.
Published: January 2025

The purity of the spectrum of the output signal of the autogenerator has a significant effect on the output signals of the receiving and transmitting equipment. For small-sized mobile transmitting equipment, the parameters of the master generator are crucial in ensuring the main parameters: frequency, power, stability, and the level of parasitic components. The stabilization of the frequency of microwave generators is the most important task in the creation of heterodynes and master generators of radio transmitters. This is especially important when creating receiving and transmitting communication devices, navigation, short-range Doppler radar and radio control. Equally important is the task of stabilizing the frequency of microwave generators in radio measuring equipment.

The purpose of the work is to identify parasitic parameters of the microwave generator: frequency run–out, frequency dependence on the gate voltage and drain of the generator transistor, spectrum width, harmonic level of the output frequency. An experimental study of an autogenerator on a field-effect transistor stabilized by a dielectric resonator has been carried out. The schematic diagram of the generator, the calculation of the dielectric resonator, the methodology and the results of the experiment are presented. As the results of the experiment, the frequency run-out curve, the frequency dependence on the supply voltage, and the spectrum of the output signal in the near and far zones are presented.

The following results are shown to be achieved: carrier frequency of about 11500 MHz; output power of at least 10 dBm; second harmonic suppression of at least 40 dB; load resistance of 50 ohms; frequency run-out within half an hour 7.8·10−5; frequency change when the gate voltage changes from 5 to 8 V, no more than 14.2 MHz. The parasitic parameters of the generator studied in the work made it possible to identify the influence of various factors on the stability of the frequency of the generator, and make it possible to take measures to improve the parameters. For example, voltage stabilization at the gate will significantly reduce frequency loss, as well as eliminate parasitic amplitude modulation from power source pulsations. In modern power supplies, pulsations can be at a frequency of 100−200 kHz. The studied autogenerator can be widely used as a heterodyne and a master generator in the receiving and transmitting equipment of radio relay communication with frequency modulation, in police radars, in Doppler speed meters of wagons on marshalling yards of railway stations.
New spectrally efficient spread spectrum signals based on atomic functions
Authors: Kuzmin E.V.
Published: January 2025

Formulation of the problem. Spectrally efficient signals have become the basis of various radio interfaces in recent decades. Having several advantages in the occupied frequency band compared to phase shift keyed (PSK) signals, they are successfully used in mobile communication systems (GSM), and also find application in space communication and navigation systems. Recent studies in the field of "design" of spread spectrum signals (SSS) with PSK have shown the promise of using atomic functions (AF) to modernize the shape of the chip of video signal pseudo-random sequences (PRS), thus, the logical continuation is the approbation of atomic shapes of chips in the synthesis of continuous phase (CP) frequency shift keying (FSK) SSS, potentially providing bandwidth savings, which is a relevant scientific and applied task with a wide range of practical utility.

Target. Present new spectral efficient formats of CPFSK signals generated by pseudo-random up- and fup-video signals based on chips from AF up(t ) and fup(t ) instead of rect-chips, as well as based on modification of the PRS filtering function, evaluate the spectral and correlation properties and advantages of new CPFSK-up(fup)-SSS; provide a comparative analysis of new CPFSK-SSS with widely used spectral efficient minimum shift keying (MSK) signals and their Gaussian variations (GMSK).

Results. On the basis of pseudo-random up(fup) video signals generated by AF up(t ) and fup(t ), respectively, new spectrally efficient CPFSK-SSS formats are designed. Spectral and correlation illustrations of new signals are presented, estimates of their spectral efficiency are given and it is shown that they have better or parity indicators in terms of energy concentration in a fixed frequency band compared to MSK and GMSK.

Practical significance. The new proposed spectrally efficient formats of CPFSK-SSS have the most important property in the form of the requirement of a smaller band of occupied frequencies at a single clock frequency of the generating video signal PRS, which makes it possible to put them into practice in information-measuring and communication radio electronic systems, in which high compactness of the spectrum and low level of side lobes are important.
Dynamic characteristics of the high-speed frequency synthesizer architecture of the indirect synthesis method
Authors: Martirosov V.E. , Alekseev G.A.
Published: January 2025

Frequency synthesizers of the indirect synthesis method (based on phase-locked frequency tuning systems, PLL) are widely used in the construction of transceivers of radio communication systems and digital information transmission systems, including as part of software-defined radio platforms and systems on a chip. This is due to a set of required parameters: tuning in the octave/super octave frequency range, high frequency resolution and "purity" of the spectrum of the generated signal, low power consumption and the possibility of microcircuit implementation in the microwave frequency range. At the same time, one of the significant disadvantages is the relatively low frequency tunning speed of such devices, in comparison with direct synthesis methods, due to the characteristics of the PLL system structure used in them with charge pumping (Charge-pump phase lock loop, CPPLL). As a result, it is relevant to search for methods to increase the performance of frequency synthesizers based on PLL systems. One of such solutions is the structure of a frequency synthesizer proposed by the authors based on a globally linearized synchronization system (GLSS), which also belongs to the class of PLL systems. In this paper carry out a comparative analysis of the dynamic characteristics of microwave frequency synthesizers made on the basis of a charge-pumped PLL system – CPPLL and on the basis of the proposed high-speed structure – GLSS, under conditions of different values of loop parameters and the magnitude of the frequency adjustment step. Using simulation modeling methods, the results of the operation of models of two structures for discrete frequency steps of various sizes in the entire operating frequency range are presented. The problem of changing the dynamics of structures due to shifts in the values of loop parameters is considered. The obtained dependences of the synchronization time on the relative initial frequency disorder demonstrate a gain in the speed of the GLSS compared to the CPPLL, reaching an order of magnitude or more. The results of the work can be used in the design of modern high-speed microwave frequency synthesizer chips of the indirect synthesis method.
The criteria for the convergence of two unmanned aerial vehicles by radars using the Lebesgue measure
Authors: Kvasnov A.V. , Polyakov V.B.
Published: January 2025

The article deal with the implementation of the convergence of two unmanned aerial vehicles based on the estimation of the metric in Lebesgue space. The upper bound of the scalar product can be calculated for two sets, which determines as a criterion for their stochastic dependence. The paper shows that the Mahalanobis distance is optimal criterion, since it provides an independent scale-invariant estimate of the distance between objects. The simulation of the approach was carried out for active phased array with a maximum range 8000 m. Radar cross section was chosen no more than 1.6 m2. The distribution of position errors was assumed according to the normal law. The results demonstrated the advantage of the Mahalanobis distance in comparison with other criterions in space (Chebyshev distance, distance of «city blocks»).
Statistical study of regional differences in the educational potential of the population
Authors: Dolgikh E. A. , Pershina T. A.
Published: January 2025

Purpose: of the presented research is to characterize the educational potential of the population based on an integrated assessment of educational activities and the material, technical and information base of education in the subjects of the Russian Federation.

Methods: the work used tabular and graphical methods of data representation, grouping, methods for calculating integral indicators, as well as the method of correlation and regression analysis.

Results: the article examines the concept of the "educational potential" and systematizes it’s defining indicators. The characteristics of the main target indicators characterizing educational activities and the material, technical and information base of education in the subjects of Russia are given. The authors present the integral indicators characterizing educational activities and the material, technical and information base of education. On the basis of the integral indicator characterizing educational activity and determining the indicator of educational performance – the share of the employed population aged 15 years and older with higher education in the total number of employed population, the regression model is constructed. According to the results of the comparison of the integral indicators characterizing educational activities and the material, technical and information base of education in the regions of Russia, the leading and lagging subjects were identified. According to these indicators, the multidimensional grouping has been developed that characterizes the lag of subjects from the national average based on the values of the generalizing indicators.

Conclusions and Relevance: the compiled ratings of the subjects of the Russian Federation on the integral assessment of the educational potential of the population can become the basis for the development of differentiated measures aimed at stimulating the development of education, as well as for evaluating the effectiveness of the implementation of relevant regional programs. The study of the Index of Educational activity and the index of the material, technical and information base of education will allow us to identify problem regions according to certain characteristics of education, since they can affect certain elements of the field of education. This will enable the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation to respond more quickly to problems in this area in the regional context.
Partnership of key stakeholders in the use of generative artificial intelligence
Authors: Izmailova M. A.
Published: January 2025

Purpose: is to substantiate the need to improve the partnership between the state, business, universities and civil society in the field of generative artificial intelligence.

Methods: the research is based on the application of theoretical and empirical analysis methods, including: logical, retrospective, generalization, modeling, comparison, statistical, observation, data visualization.

Results: the article provides arguments confirming the relevance of generative artificial intelligence by its key stakeholders. The necessity of developing models of institutional interactions for building the new format of stakeholder interaction based on the principle of partial intersection of their institutional spheres of influence, coupled with the urgent demands of civil society, is substantiated. The analysis of the reasons for the interest of the state and business in using solutions based on artificial intelligence in their activities is carried out. Special attention is paid to the attitude of universities to the responsible introduction of generative artificial intelligence into the scientific and educational environment and its use in the solving educational and professional tasks. The improved model of partnership between the state, business, universities and civil society in the field of generative artificial intelligence is proposed.

Conclusions and Relevance: partnership in the field of scientific and technological progress allows us to take into account the interests and needs of its key stakeholders, as well as emerging opportunities for them to develop a new role status in the development and use of generative artificial intelligence. The recommended partnership model of key stakeholders allows for the aggregation of financial and production resources of business, competencies and scientific potential of universities in joint projects to develop solutions in the field of development and use of generative artificial intelligence, which can give a significant synergistic effect if this collaboration is complemented by state participation. Inclusion in the model of civil society will ensure that its requests for the preservation of universal values are combined in decisions on the use of generative artificial intelligence and will give a human-centered character to scientific and technological progress in the context of digitalization of society.
Stages of managing the structural transformation of regional entities based on the mechanism of public-private partnership
Authors: Kirillova E. A. , Rysin D. O. , Merkushev S. A.
Published: January 2025

Purpose: of the presented article is to formulate the main stages of solving the key tasks of managing the structural transformation of production and economic systems based on the specifics of modern conditions and trends in their changes.

Methods: within the framework of this study, the set of methods was used: factual, causal, structural analysis, generalization, comparison, logical method.

Results: based on the analysis of the specifics of modern environmental conditions, changes in the subjects of industrial and economic activity and the system of their interactions, three key tasks of managing their structural transformation were formulated. The proposed stages of the implementation of the structural transformation management process at the present stage, priority for each of these management tasks, are described. The implementation of the identified tasks in the conditions of the described specifics is proposed to be carried out on the basis of the mechanism of innovative public-private partnership.

Conclusions and Relevance: analysis of the specifics of modern industrial and economic entities, their communication systems and relationships, as well as trends in their changes has shown an increased need for targeted coordinated innovative development of domestic industrial production due to the sanctions restrictions. At the same time, the impossibility of expediting these structural transformations is justified without mobilizing the efforts of all participants in the regional production and economic system. The coordinating and guiding role of government agencies as active participants in these changes is highlighted. To ensure the implementation of innovation processes localized within the country, it is proposed to rely on the mechanism of innovative public-private partnership. Relying on the results of the intellectual activity of such a mechanism will contribute to the alignment of the system participants. This requires a transition from the one-time operational practice of creating innovative solutions to the organization of their creation, implementation and diffusion as a single cyclical flow.
Experimental Design for Habitat and Nature Tourism: Cooperation Colombia-Germany
Authors: Pérez Pérez Alex Leandro , Cruz Castillo Alba Lucía , Cifuentes Quin Camilo Andrés , Ramos Calonge Helmuth Geofre , Nader Manrique Carlos Alberto , Hoelscher Martin , Kondziela Andrea
Published: January 2025

In the realm of universities, the future is directly linked to the ability to connect local realities with the knowledge generated by researchers from other parts of the world. The experiences developed by the Lasallian Laboratory for Colombian Habitat Construction (LAB-LAHC) and teams of faculty and students from the Technische Hochschule Ostwestfalen-Lippe in Germany are presented as precedents. These experiences have allowed this research, to analyse, diagnose, and propose alternatives for rural habitat and nature tourism. The goal is to create solutions promoting well-being and enjoying environments that protect biodiversity. Through exercises and dialogues, we have recognized our realities and those of other contexts, expanded discussions, set new challenges, and strengthened bonds of friendship. These findings are presented reflectively and expositorily in this book.
Los agronegocios y sus transiciones hacia la sostenibilidad
Authors: Álvarez-Ochoa Claudia Patricia , Correa Assmus Gustavo , Ángel Matiz Javier David , Regino Vergara Johana , Cordero Sáenz Néstor , Suárez Bocanegra Paola Milena , Vergara Vergara Wilson
Published: January 2025

El texto reflexiona en torno a los negocios agropecuarios, sin perder el horizonte de su sostenibilidad. En la primera parte del libro se abarcan los conceptos y la visión de los negocios agrarios, así como el modelo dominante en la economía agroalimentaria global, que favorece los monocultivos de gran escala, industrializados, subsidiados y controlados por corporaciones transnacionales, que marginan a los pequeños productores, los cuales también cuentan con su propio modelo de agronegocio.
Mientras que la segunda parte se dedica a la administración en la evolución del negocio agrario, allí se abarca la transición de los agronegocios hacia sistemas sostenibles, la agricultura 4.0, parte de la denominada cuarta revolución tecnológica, así como la transformación comercial para pequeños productores agrícolas en Colombia y la importancia del marketing 4.0. La obra finaliza con un análisis geopolítico para demostrar que los agronegocios no son asunto exclusivo de los Estados, sino que pueden constituirse en herramienta propicia para la planeación rural y operaciones empresariales que contribuyan al desarrollo.
Juridical Review of Perpetrators Who Use Artist Photos for Online Gambling Promotion Without Permission if They are Associated with Human Rights in Indonesia
Authors: Suryawinata Renaldy Youbella , Soegiarto Angelica Christyanto , Lee Josephine
Published: January 2025

Technological developments have a significant impact on social life, creating new opportunities and challenges. One of the negative impacts is cybercrime which increases risks and vulnerabilities. Effective law enforcement is necessary to protect individual rights and ensure digital security. The research method used in this study involves a juridical-normative approach to analyze the implementation of laws related to the use of artist photos for the promotion of unlicensed online gambling in Indonesia. Implementation of the ITE Law and PDP Law is important in dealing with cybercrime. Law enforcement through the ITE Law and the PDP Law is a crucial instrument in tackling this kind of cybercrime, but there are still challenges in the effectiveness and relevance of the two laws. Continuous efforts are needed to strengthen law enforcement, increase public awareness, and pay greater attention to victim recovery as part of Indonesia's commitment to ensuring the protection of human rights in the digital era. Synergy between law enforcement officials, the private sector and the community is needed for prevention, law enforcement and recovery of victims. Protection of individual rights, including artists who are victims of photo misuse, must be a priority with a holistic and collaborative approach. Indonesia can maintain and strengthen human rights principles in the digital era, while ensuring that perpetrators of cybercrimes that violate the law can be dealt with firmly and fairly.
The Cyclic Universe: From Planck Scale to Cosmic scale of the Universe
Authors: Ladhani Amrit
Published: January 2025

This paper proposes a novel cyclic cosmological model characterized by finite Planck and Cosmic scales. Unlike conventional models, this framework introduces a repulsive force arising from the extreme compression of spacetime. Spacetime quantization, as suggested by loop quantum gravity, plays a crucial role in this process. As the universe contracts, the compression of discrete spacetime units stores energy, which is subsequently released, driving expansion. The model predicts a transition from deceleration to acceleration, determined by the interplay between gravity and this repulsive force. Mathematical derivations are presented to estimate the Maximum Cosmic Scale and Maximum Time based on fundamental constants. The model’s predictions will be compared with observational data, including Type Ia supernovae, to assess its compatibility with current cosmological observations. This model offers a potential alternative to dark energy in explaining cosmic acceleration.
Increased Transparency in Accounting Conventions Could Benefit Climate Policy
Authors: Wedderburn-Bisshop Gerard
Published: January 2025

Greenhouse gas accounting conventions were first devised in the 1990’s to assess and compare emissions. Several assumptions were made when devising these conventions that remain in practice, however recent advances offer potentially more consistent and inclusive accounting of greenhouse gases. We apply these advances, namely: gross accounting of CO2 sources; linking land use emissions with sectors; using Effective Radiative Forcing (ERF) rather than Global Warming Potentials (GWPs) to compare emissions; including both heating and cooling emissions, and including loss of additional sink capacity (LASC). We compare these results with conventional accounting and find that this approach boosts perceived carbon emissions from deforestation, and finds agriculture, the most extensive land user, to be the leading emissions sector and to have caused 60% (32%-87%) of ERF change since 1750. We also find that fossil fuels are responsible for 17% of ERF, a reduced contribution due to masking from cooling co-emissions. We test the validity of this accounting and find it useful for determining sector responsibility for present-day warming and for framing policy responses, while recognising the dangers of assigning value to cooling emissions, due to health impacts and future warming.
Effect of Graphene Nanoplatelets as Lubricant Additive on Fuel Consumption During Vehicle Emission Tests
Authors: Tomanik Eduardo , Christinelli Wania , Garcia Pamela Sierra , Rajala Scott , Crepaldi Jesuel , Franzosi Davi , Souza Roberto Martins , Rovai Fernando Fusco
Published: January 2025

Lubricant friction modifier additives are used on lower-viscosity engine oils to mitigate the impact on boundary friction. In this work, the use of Graphene nanoplatelets, with an average of 9 layers, was first investigated as an additive to a fully formulated SAE 0W-20 engine oil during reciprocating tribological tests at 40 and 120 °C and Hertzian pressure up to 1.2 GPa. Then, engine fuel consumption was evaluated in a vehicle emission test by adding 0.1% of GNP, in an improved booster, onto a fully formulated 5W-20 SAE oil. Adding 0.1% of GNP reduced fuel consumption by 2.6% in the FTP-75 cycle and 0.8% in the Highway cycle.
Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Neuroinflammation Intervention with Medicinal Plants: A Critical and Narrative Review of the Current Literature
Authors: Barbalho Sandra Maria , Leme Boaro Beatriz , da Silva Camarinha Oliveira Jéssica , Patočka Jiří , Barbalho Lamas Caroline , Tanaka Masaru , Laurindo Lucas Fornari
Published: January 2025

Neuroinflammation is a key factor in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, driven by dysregulation of molecular pathways and activation of the brain's immune system, resulting in the release of pro-inflammatory and oxidative molecules. This chronic inflammation is exacer-bated by peripheral leukocyte infiltration into the central nervous system. Medicinal plants, with their historical use in traditional medicine, have emerged as promising candidates to mitigate neuroinflammation and offer a sustainable alternative for addressing neurodegenerative condi-tions in a green healthcare framework. This review evaluates the effects of medicinal plants on neuroinflammation, emphasizing their mechanisms of action, effective dosages, and clinical im-plications, based on a systematic search of databases such as PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science. Key findings highlight that plants like Cleistocalyx nervosum var. paniala, Curcuma longa, Cannabis sativa, and Dioscorea nipponica reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β), inhibit enzymes (COX-2, iNOS), and activate antioxidant pathways, particularly Nrf2. NF-κB emerged as the primary pro-inflammatory pathway inhibited across studies. While the anti-inflammatory potential of these plants is significant, variability in dosages and phytochemical compositions limits clinical translation. Here, we highlight that medicinal plants are effective modulators of neuroinflammation, underscoring their therapeutic potential. Future research should focus on animal models, standardized protocols, and safety assessments, integrating advanced methodologies such as genetic studies and nanotechnology to enhance their applica-bility in neurodegenerative disease management.