bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Juventud, digitalización y activismo. Algunas reflexiones
Authors: Sádaba Charo
Published: August 2022

Aunque se ha presumido tradicionalmente una actitud de oposición al mundo adulto y establecido por parte de los y las más jóvenes, algunas condiciones sociales actuales, además de la propia tecnología digital, lo hacen ahora más presente. El activismo en redes sociales se ha convertido en un cauce frecuente para que este grupo de edad presente sus demandas y descontento, y merece la pena reflexionar sobre las características que rodean a esta generación y también las particularidades del uso que hacen de la propia tecnología. Entre las primeras destaca el alargamiento de la dependencia del mundo adulto, que implica un potencial retraso en los procesos de madurez. Esto lleva consigo un descontento vital que encuentra en las redes un escenario perfecto para ser manifestado y para pelear contra lo establecido. Respecto a la tecnología, es evidente que esta satisface necesidades de la juventud a muchos niveles, lo que la convierte en casi esencial para su día a día en las sociedades más desarrolladas. Estas reflexiones plantean preguntas para ser afrontadas en el marco del estudio de la juventud y el activismo digital y que tienen que ver con el grado de desarrollo de su competencia digital, con su capacidad de luchar contra la desinformación que asola a las democracias, y también con el fondo más humano que plantea el uso multidimensional que hacen de la tecnología. Los y las jóvenes ocupan y viven en los espacios digitales, y esto implica afrontar de manera radical esta realidad, también desde la investigación.
Regional impact of large-scale climate oscillations on ice out variability in New Brunswick and Maine
Authors: Walsh Carling R. , Patterson R. Timothy
Published: August 2022

The available ice out (the date of disappearance of ice from a water body) records were analyzed from four relatively closely spaced lakes in southwestern New Brunswick (Harvey, Oromocto, Skiff) and eastern Maine (West Grand Lake), with the longest set of available observations being for Oromocto Lake starting in 1876. Results of a coherence analysis carried out on the ice out data from the four lakes indicates that there is regional coherence and correspondingly, that regional drivers influence ice out. These results also indicate that ice out dates for lakes from the region where records have not been kept can also be interpolated from these results. As the ice out record was coherent, further analysis was done for only Oromocto Lake on the basis of it having the longest ice out record. Cross-wavelet analysis was carried out between the ice out record and a variety of cyclic climate teleconnections and the sunspot record to identify which phenomena best explain the observed ice out trends. The most important observed contributors to ice out were the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), with observed periodicities at the interannual scale. At the decadal scale the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and the 11-year solar cycle were the only patterns observed to significantly contribute to ice out.
Identifying important ecosystem service areas based on distributions of ecosystem services in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region, China
Authors: Cheng Cuiyun , Zhang Shuping , Zhou Meichun , Du Yanchun , Ge Chazhong
Published: August 2022

Water conservation, soil conservation, biodiversity importance, and sandstorm prevention are important ecosystem services (ES) and the core challenges to sustainable economic and societal development in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region. Using the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) model and observation data, we identified high-value ES areas in the BTH region. The high-value ES areas were mainly found in the northern and southwestern parts of the region, like the Yanshan Mountain Range and the Taihang Mountain Range. The ecosystem in the northern mountains is dominated by forest and grassland, and generally provides more valuable ES than does the eastern agricultural plain. Greater species richness was mainly found in the northern mountains with low human activity intensity. Due to its proximity, the Yanshan Mountain Range is critical to the health of the local ecosystem of Beijing. High biodiversity was present in the vicinity of the national nature reserves. Compared with other regions of China, changes in the BTH region are highly intense. Reinforcement of biodiversity conservation and ecosystem restoration in areas with a high degree of ES in the BTH region are capable of effectively improving habitat quality and regional ES.
Midline Shift and Haematoma Thickness as a Prognostic Factor of Mortality in Patients with Acute Subdural Haematoma
Authors: Suraj HS , Naik Deepti , Ullas L Yashas , Revanth RB , Reddy Buchipudi Sandeep
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Acute Subdural Haematoma (ASDH) is a type of intracranial haematoma, which has the highest mortality rate. The ASDH generally presents as a secondary consequence of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and can be classified as traumatic or non traumatic and acute or chronic. Aim: To assess the Midline Shift (MLS) and Subdural Haematoma (SDH) thickness as a prognostic factor of mortality on initial cranial Computed Tomography (CT) scan of patients with ASDH. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study analysed the computed CT of 61 patients who were admitted due to traumatic SDH in Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, Kolar, Karnataka, India. Thickness of MLS (mm) and SDH (mm) were estimated from the CT scan (SIEMENS SOMATOM Emotion 16 Slice) of patients admitted during the study period from June to August 2021. The thickness of the SDH and MLS were compared separately with the survival status. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) was estimated from the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. The sensitivity, specificity, predictive values and diagnostic accuracy of the screening test along with their 95% Confidence Interval (CI) were presented. The p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The predictive validity of MLS (mm) was excellent (AUC=0.936) and that of SDH thickness (mm) was fair (AUC=0.799) in predicting survival. The cut-off value derived from the ROC curve for MLS was 3.95 mm and for SDH thickness was 3.35 mm; above which the number of people died was more and was statistically significant (p<0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of the MLS in predicting the survival was 90.32% and 90.00%, respectively and sensitivity and specificity of the SDH thickness was 74.19% and 76.67%, respectively. Conclusion: The sensitivity and specificity of MLS was found to be superior when compared to the SDH thickness. The cut- off value derived from ROC curve for MLS was 3.95 mm and for SDH was 3.35 mm, above which the chance of survival was poor.
Matrix Calculi in the Urinary Tract- A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Shah Neel , Ahmed Mohd Hamid Shafique , Patil Sunil , Pawar Prakash , Mathew Jeni , Sawant Ajit , Sakhrani Jitendra , Pratap Vishnu
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Matrix calculi are infrequently encountered in the urinary tract. Their biochemical composition and unusual radiological appearance make it difficult to differentiate them from fungal balls or tumours of the urinary tract. Aim: To study radiological, biochemical and microbiological characteristics of matrix calculi in the urinary tract and their management. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational cohort study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital, from July 2016 to August 2019. Analysis of the clinical, radiological and biochemical profiles of patients who were found to have matrix renal or ureteric calculi was done. These patients underwent Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) or Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy (URSL) and the stone material evacuated was sent for analysis. Data was analysed using Microsoft Excel, version 2016. Results: Matrix urinary stones were found in a total of 21 patients, out of which 15 were renal matrix calculi and six were ureteric matrix calculi. Mean age of the patient population was 44.5 years. Male to female ratio was 1.33:1. Total 7 (33.3%) patients were found to have Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). The mean radiodensity of all the stones was 403 Hounsfield Unit (HU). Six patients also had a concomitant crystalline calculus. Histopathological analysis of these matrix calculi revealed an amorphous lamellated appearance. The postoperative course of all the patients was uneventful. One patient presented with a non matrix stone in the opposite kidney after one year of follow-up. Conclusion: Matrix calculi of the urinary tract are usually radiolucent on plane radiographs and have a low radiodensity on Computerised Tomography (CT) scan. Biochemical analysis of these calculi shows protein to be the predominant component. These calculi are more often seen in patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) or CKD and are frequently associated with a positive urine culture. They can be managed successfully with a combination of PCNL and URSL. Complete clearance is necessary to minimise recurrence.
PENDAMPINGAN UMKM UNIT PRODUKSI MAKANAN OLAHAN RINGAN EMPING JAGUNG DI DESA CURAH COTTOK, KEC. KAPONGAN, KAB. SITUBONDO, JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Joewono Andrew , Sitepu Rasional , Agustine Lanny , Wibawa B Tarsisius Dwi , Kuswardani Indah , Sunarjanto N. Agus , Suratno L
Published: August 2022

Industri makanan ringan olahan belum pernah mengalami penurunan minat konsumen, terutama pada hari libur dan hari raya, di Desa Curah Cottok, Kecamatan Kapongan, Kabupaten Situbondo, Jawa Timur, sehingga bisnis produksi ini memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan lebih lanjut. Disamping itu des aini mempunyai visi dan misi “Menjadi Desa yang Mandiri”, sebagai landasan kegiatan yang akan dilakukan dan sudah terbentuk Badan Usaha Milik Desan (BUMDes). Untuk mengintensifkan upaya BUMDes, kegiatan unit usaha dilakukan untuk memperluas unit usaha dengan membuat unit produksi emping jagung. Bahan baku makanan olahan tersebut dapat ditanam di lahan pertanian yang dimiliki desa sehingga sangat memungkinkan untuk melakukan proses produksi pangan olahan ringan berbahan baku jagung. Dalam menjalankan proses yang produktif dilakukan pelatihan kewirausahaann untuk menumbuhkan semangat kewirausahaan pada kelompok mitra BUMDes, pendampingan dalam pengolahan emping jagung dengan menggunakan mesin produksi teknologi tepat guna pemipih jagung, pembentukan UMKM emping jagung dan pelatihan sistem manajemen bisnis dalam pengelolaan unit produksi dan pengelolaan BUMDes. Hasil pelaksanaan kegiatan, terbentuknya UMKM emping jagung dengan profil usaha dan karateristik UMKM, Bisnis Mode Canvas sebagai dokumen pendampingan UMKM, serta sistem manajemen bisnis mesin produksi emping jagung dengan kapasitas produksi 50 kg/jam. Oleh karena itu kegiatan ini sangat bermanfaat untuk dilakukan dalam usaha-usaha peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat.
PENDAMPINGAN UNTUK PENYEDIAAN SISTEM PELANGGAN PADA UNIT USAHA YAYASAN BERNADUS DIREKTORAT SEKOLAH SANJAYA
Authors: Susanto Budi , Proboyekti Umi , Virginia Gloria
Published: August 2022

Direktorat Sekolah Sanjaya adalah lembaga dari Yayasan Bernardus yang bergerak dalam bidang pendidikan. Untuk mendukung bidang pendidikan, mereka menjalankan unit usaha berupa kedai kopi bernama Melcosh. Oleh karena unit usaha tersebut penting untuk mendukung pelayanan bidang pendidikan, maka menjadi penting untuk dikembangkan. Pengembangan layanan kepada pelanggan menjadi salah satu bentuk layanan penting bagi Melcosh. Dalam usaha untuk mencapai hal tersebut, dibutuhkan sistem manajemen pelanggan berbasis aplikasi mobile. Dalam rangka itulah, Yayasan Bernadus Direktorat Sekolah Sanjaya menjalin kerja sama dengan Fakultas Teknologi Informasi UKDW, dan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah salah satu bentuk penerapan kerja sama tersebut. Dalam pengembangan sistem manajemen pelanggan tersebut, mereka membutuhkan pendampingan teknis dikarenakan mereka belum memiliki tenaga tetap yang khusus menangani pengembangan sistem informasi. Dalam pendampingan teknis tersebut, kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini menghasilkan beberapa luaran, antara lain dokumen spesifikasi kebutuhan, dokumen desain sistem, dan juga purwa rupa aplikasi. Purwa rupa yang dapat dikategorikan sebagai high fidelity aplikasi Pelanggan Melcosh berbasis Android juga telah dihasilkan bersama. Purwa rupa ini diharapkan dapat digunakan untuk memberi gambaran kepada tim Melcosh terkait bentuk aplikasinya nanti. Pendampingan juga memberikan pertimbangan dalam rencana strategis pembangunan sistem berbasis teknologi informasi dan komunikasi bagi Yayasan Bernadus Direktorat Sekolah Sanjaya. Pertimbangan tersebut dinilai penting bagi Yayasan karena dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pengembangan organisasi secara berkelanjutan.
Mucocutaneous Pigmentation in a Patient With Bilateral Diffuse Uveal Melanocytic Proliferation
Authors: Sen Mrittika , Laiton Andrea , Shields Carol L.
Published: August 2022

This case report discusses a diagnosis of bilateral diffuse uveal melanocytic proliferation in an older adult with a history of metastatic cervical cancer who presented with brown pigmentation of the lips and vision loss.
Tunability and Ordering in 2D Arrays of Magnetic Nanoparticles Assembled via Extreme Field Gradients
Authors: Mohtasebzadeh Abdul Rahman , Davidson Jonathon C. , Livesey Karen L. , Crawford Thomas M.
Published: August 2022

Colloidal magnetite nanoparticles self‐assemble onto a disk drive medium as directed by magnetic field gradients created where the medium magnetic moment switches direction over single nanometer distances. Here, it is shown that for two such reversals or transitions that are closely spaced, the nanoparticles self‐assemble into a single feature centered between the transitions, rather than forming separate features at the transitions, and the resulting 2D assembly achieves hexatic ordering. Langevin dynamics simulations are used to explain these results, and it is found that the detailed magnetic properties of the medium play a critical role in determining assembly location. Slight changes to solvent polarity disrupt the hexatic ordering and push the nanoparticles toward the transitions, suggesting an alternate mechanism to precisely tune the self‐assembly process.
Band Gap Calculations for Thorium‐Doped LiCAF
Authors: Pimon Martin , Mohn Peter , Schumm Thorsten
Published: August 2022

The large band gap insulator LiCaAlF6 (LiCAF) has been proposed as a possible host crystal for future realizations of a solid‐state based thorium‐229 nuclear clock, due to its excellent optical transmission in the vacuum ultraviolet range. To enable direct optical manipulation of the thorium isomeric state, the band gap has to remain larger than the nuclear excitation energy upon crystal doping. Here, a systematic search for possible charge compensation mechanisms, defect locations, and the emergence of other compounds, using density functional theory, is presented. Out of 535 optimized structures, the energetically most favorable arrangement is with an estimated band gap of 11.4 eV. Evaluating relevant uncertainties of the used methods suggests that the doped material remains transparent at the 229Th isomer energy for all investigated configurations.
Can soil biology tests improve phosphorus and potassium corn fertilizer recommendations?
Authors: Svedin Jeffrey D. , Kitchen Newell R. , Ransom Curtis J. , Veum Kristen S. , Anderson Stephen H.
Published: August 2022

Integrating soil health (SH) biological properties with soil fertility (SF) evaluations offers a unique opportunity to potentially refine fertilizer recommendations. The objectives of this research included: (a) evaluating current University of Missouri P and K fertilizer recommendations for corn (Zea mays L.) and (b) assess whether SH biological indicators are effective predictors of yield response to P and K fertilization. In Missouri, 446 monitoring sites (148 m2) were implemented on 101 production corn fields over the 2018–2020 growing seasons. For each monitoring site, SH and SF samples were collected prior to planting, followed by application of nonreplicated single‐rate fertilizer treatments: (a) unfertilized control; (b) 112 kg ha–1 K2O; and (c) 112 kg ha–1 P2O5. At monitoring sites below recommended critical soil test values, P (n = 152) and K (n = 86) fertilization increased yield at 42 and 36% of the sites respectively, with average yield increasing 10 and 11% for P and K, respectively. At the lowest fertility ratings, P and K fertilization increased yield at 52 and 56% of sites, respectively, highlighting inherent uncertainty within current recommendations. Integrating SH with SF indicators failed to improve random forest algorithms prediction of yield increases from P or K fertilization. Further, variable importance ranking confirmed that current physiochemical SF tests remain the most effective factors identifying when a fertilizer response will likely occur. Although SH metrics may offer insight into other agronomic or environmental benefits, established SF evaluations remain the most effective available tool for guiding P and K fertilizer decisions in Missouri corn production.
Analysis of COL7A1 pathogenic variants in a large cohort of dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa patients from Argentina reveals a new genotype–phenotype correlation
Authors: Natale Mónica Inés , Manzur Graciela Beatriz , Lusso Silvina Beatriz , Cella Eliana , Giovo María Elsa , Andrada Romina , Goitia Juana , Fernández María Florencia , Della Giovanna Patricia Silvia , Guillamondegui María José , Domínguez Mariángeles , Gutiérrez Olga , Izquierdo Agustín , Hernández Herrera Heliana , Velázquez Perdomo Luz Graciela , Mistchenko Alicia Susana , Valinotto Laura Elena
Published: August 2022

Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) is a clinically heterogeneous heritable skin disorder, characterized by blistering of the skin and mucous membranes following minor trauma. Dominant (DDEB) and recessive (RDEB) forms are caused by pathogenic variants in COL7A1 gene. Argentina's population has a heterogeneous genetic background, and little is known about the molecular basis of DEB in our country or in native South American populations. In this study, we present the prevalence and geographical distribution of pathogenic variants found in 181 patients from 136 unrelated families (31 DDEB and 105 RDEB). We detected 95 different variants, 59 of them were previously reported in the literature and 36 were novel, nine of which were detected in more than one family. The most prevalent pathogenic variants were identified in exon 73 in DDEB patients and in exon 3 in RDEB patients. We also report a new phenotype–genotype correlation found in 10 unrelated families presenting mild blistering and severe mucosal involvement. Molecular studies in populations with an unexplored genetic background like ours revealed a diversity of pathogenic variants, and we hope that these findings will contribute to the definition of targets for new gene therapies.
Development of material extrusion 3D printing compatible tailorable thermoplastic elastomeric materials from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene and styrene‐(ethylene‐butylene)‐styrene block copolymer blends
Authors: Verma Nandishwar , Awasthi Pratiksha , Pandey Pulak Mohan , Banerjee Shib Shankar
Published: August 2022

Currently, material extrusion‐based additive manufacturing (MEAM) is an advanced fabrication technique for polymeric materials. However, MEAM feedstocks typically rely on amorphous thermoplastics and hence it suffers from limitation of compatible polymers. The current work reports the manufacturing of MEAM compatible new thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and styrene‐(ethylene‐butylene)‐styrene (SEBS) block copolymer blends which allow the designing of tailorable TPEs. Printability and mechanical properties of several ABS/SEBS (w/w) compositions were investigated. Interestingly, it was revealed that only 40 ABS/60 SEBS (w/w) blend possesses elastomeric properties in terms of strain at break (~550%) and tension set values (~10%). The effect of print layer thickness, orientation of printing, and infill degree on mechanical and TPE properties of the printed parts were studied theoretically by exploiting the Taguchi method. The infill degree has a significant influence on the mechanical performance whereas a slight effect was found by varying the layer thickness. Finally, the performance of the additive manufactured TPE were compared with conventional compression molded TPE specimens. As expected, lower values of ultimate tensile strength, Young's modulus, and strain at break of the additive manufactured sample were obtained as compared to the molded samples. However, no major variation could be found in the dynamic moduli, loss tangent, and absolute value of complex viscosity.
Historical occurrence of whales in Scottish Waters inferred from whaling records
Authors: Ryan Conor , Calderan Susannah , Allison Cherry , Leaper Russell , Risch Denise
Published: August 2022

Archived logbooks detailing landings at Scottish shore‐based whaling stations between 1903 and 1951 were used to map whale catch locations. Historical distribution and occurrence are inferred and summary statistics on total landings are updated for blue (Balaenoptera musculus), fin (Balaenoptera physalus), humpback (Megaptera novaeangliae), North Atlantic right (Eubalaena glacialis), sei (Balaenoptera borealis) and sperm (Physeter macrocephalus) whales: a total of 9,996 whales were caught during this period, which is 3.7% higher than previously reported and 25% higher for blue whales.

The most frequently caught species were fin and sei whales. Whaling off Scotland in the 1920s contributed to the likely extinction of right whales in the eastern North Atlantic. Blue whales, once regularly hunted to the west of Scotland, are now rarely documented there and North‐east Atlantic whaling appears to have had a significant and lasting impact on sei whales.

Analysis of whaling effort indicates that catch rates remained high despite the depletion of some species. This, may be a consequence of two features of Scottish shore‐based whaling: (1) the mixed species catch composition; and (2) the catching of whales as they migrated through Scottish waters.

The findings of this study highlight the historical significance of the shelf‐seas around Scotland as a habitat for some species, which was not apparent from previous studies. These results can inform where there may be potential for the recovery of some species in the future.

Current major threats in the North Atlantic include entanglement, ship strike and displacement owing to the effects of climate change. The baseline and historical information on distribution and seasonal occurrence examined here is important for informing spatial and temporal measures to reduce these threats. If populations are to recover post‐whaling there is an increasing need to reduce threats such as ship strikes and entanglement, whose magnitude is proportional to whale density.
Using high throughput screens to predict miscarriages with placental stem cells and long‐term stress effects with embryonic stem cells
Authors: Puscheck Elizabeth E. , Ruden Ximena , Singh Aditi , Abdulhasan Mohammed , Ruden Douglas M. , Awonuga Awoniyi O. , Rappolee Daniel A.
Published: August 2022

A problem in developmental toxicology is the massive loss of life from fertilization through gastrulation, and the surprising lack of knowledge of causes of miscarriage. Half to two‐thirds of embryos are lost, and environmental and genetic causes are nearly equal. Simply put, it can be inferred that this is a difficult period for normal embryos, but that environmental stresses may cause homeostatic responses that move from adaptive to maladaptive with increasing exposures. At the lower 50% estimate, miscarriage causes greater loss‐of‐life than all cancers combined or of all cardio‐ and cerebral‐vascular accidents combined. Surprisingly, we do not know if miscarriage rates are increasing or decreasing. Overshadowed by the magnitude of miscarriages, are insufficient data on teratogenic or epigenetic imbalances in surviving embryos and their stem cells. Superimposed on the difficult normal trajectory for peri‐gastrulation embryos are added malnutrition, hormonal, and environmental stresses. An overarching hypothesis is that high throughput screens (HTS) using cultured viable reporter embryonic and placental stem cells (e.g., embryonic stem cells [ESC] and trophoblast stem cells [TSC] that report status using fluorescent reporters in living cells) from the pre‐gastrulation embryo will most rapidly test a range of hormonal, environmental, nutritional, drug, and diet supplement stresses that decrease stem cell proliferation and imbalance stemness/differentiation. A second hypothesis is that TSC respond with greater sensitivity in magnitude to stress that would cause miscarriage, but ESC are stress‐resistant to irreversible stemness loss and are best used to predict long‐term health defects. DevTox testing needs more ESC and TSC HTS to model environmental stresses leading to miscarriage or teratogenesis and more research on epidemiology of stress and miscarriage. This endeavor also requires a shift in emphasis on pre‐ and early gastrulation events during the difficult period of maximum loss by miscarriage.
Photoluminescence properties of anodic aluminium oxide films formed in a mixture of malonic acid and oxalic acid
Authors: Li Shou‐Yi , Liu Zheng‐Lai , Xiang Gen‐Xiang , Ma Bao‐Hong
Published: August 2022

In this work, porous anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) films were fabricated by anodization in an electrolyte mixture with various concentration ratios of malonic acid and oxalic acid at room temperature. The photoluminescence (PL) properties of the AAO films before and after annealing from 300°C to 650°C in air or vacuum conditions were investigated, showing a strong PL band in the range 300–550 nm. We observed a weak PL in the AAO film formed in the malonic acid electrolyte, whereas the films fabricated using an electrolyte mixture showed strong PL emissions, exhibiting a maximum. The broad PL band was decomposed into three Gaussian sub‐bands, in which the first two sub‐bands could be attributed to the luminescence centre oxygen vacancies (F+ and F defect centres), whereas the latter transformed from malonic impurities and oxalic impurities. More interestingly, the redshift of the PL bands occurred with increasing oxalic acid concentration, and the PL wavelength and intensity could be modulated by varying the concentration ratios in the malonic acid and oxalic acid electrolyte mixture.
Bubbles in a sand fluidized bed unit for the gasification of coffee waste biomass. A probabilistic based fluid‐dynamic description
Authors: Torres Brauer Nicolas , Navarro Salazar Marcos G. , de Lasa Hugo
Published: August 2022

The present study shows the applicability of the chemical reactor engineering centre (CREC) Optiprobes engineered with a graded refractive index (GRIN) lens and fibreoptics to establish both the bubble rising velocity (BRV) and the bubble axial chord (BAC) of bubbles in a 240–955 μm sand fluidized bed, filled with different types and loadings of biomasses. It is confirmed via the application of the CREC Optiprobes that the formed bubbles display both BRV and BAC normal probabilistic distributions, leading to characteristic BRV–BAC bands of bubble behaviour, with this being true for an ample range of superficial gas velocities (0.188–0.282 m/s) and broza biomass loadings (0–30 vol.%). It is also proven that the observed BRV and BAC distributions in biomass‐loaded sand fluidized beds are of the quasi‐normal distribution type, as attested by the Shapiro–Wilk test (S–W test). Furthermore, a probabilistic prediction model (PPM) proposed in a previous contribution can be used effectively to predict, in all cases, that a close to 80% of the total bubble population falls within a proposed probabilistic band of bubble behaviour.
Let's practice what we preach: Planning and interpreting simulation studies with design and analysis of experiments
Authors: Chipman Hugh , Bingham Derek
Published: August 2022

Statisticians recommend design and analysis of experiments (DAE) for evidence‐based research but often use tables to present their own simulation studies. Could DAE do better? We outline how DAE methods can be used to plan and analyze simulation studies. Tools for planning include cause‐and‐effect diagrams and factorial and fractional factorial designs. Analysis is carried out via analysis of variance, main effect and interaction plots, and other DAE tools. We also demonstrate how Taguchi robust parameter design can be used to study the robustness of methods to a variety of uncontrollable population parameters.
Plant Growth Promotion and Selenium Accumulation in Zea mays by Rhizobacteria Isolated from Natural Seleniferous Soils
Authors: Kaur Tanveer , Chadha Akanksha , Prakash Nagaraja Tejo , Reddy Mondem Sudhakara
Published: August 2022

Selenium (Se) is essential for life's basic functions but its sources are limited. Plant growth promoting bacteria is a potential source to increase Se accumulation and plant growth. Bacteria are isolated from native seleniferous soils,. and based on 16S rRNA (ribosomal RNA) sequenceanalysis, two plant growth promoting and selenium tolerant bacteria are selected.  They are identified as Leclercia adecarboxylata (B49) and Cedecea neteri (B71). L. adecarboxylata and C. neteri produce indole acetic acid of 93 ± 3.2 and 68 ± 2.9 mg L−1 and a phosphate solubilization index of 1.26 ± 0.3 and 3.29 ± 0.2, respectively. L. adecarboxylata and C. neteri tolerate up to 350 mm of selenite with an inhibitory concentration 50 value of 225.6 ± 14 and 236.6 ± 14 mm, respectively. Inoculation of bacteria significantly increases the growth of Zea mays plants in seleniferous soil. Plant growth promotion is 36.6% more in C. neteri inoculated plants compared to L. adecarboxylata. Se accumulation significantly increases in plant tissues inoculated with C. neteri (20.2 µg g−1) than L. adecarboxylata (12.1 µg g−1). This study has provided evidence that microbial Se biotransformation through bacterial inoculation is an alternative way to improve the Se uptake in crops and maintain human health.
Deep maxout network for lung cancer detection using optimization algorithm in smart Internet of Things
Authors: Ramkumar Muthuperumal Periyaperumal , Mano Paul Pauliah David , Maram Balajee , Ananth John Patrick
Published: August 2022

The Internet of Things (IoT) has appreciably influenced the technology world in the context of interconnectivity, interoperability, and connectivity using smart objects, connected sensors, devices, data, and appliances. The IoT technology has mainly impacted the global economy, and it extends from industry to different application scenarios, like the healthcare system. This research designed anti‐corona virus‐Henry gas solubility optimization‐based deep maxout network (ACV‐HGSO based deep maxout network) for lung cancer detection with medical data in a smart IoT environment. The proposed algorithm ACV‐HGSO is designed by incorporating anti‐corona virus optimization (ACVO) and Henry gas solubility optimization (HGSO). The nodes simulated in the smart IoT framework can transfer the patient medical information to sink through optimal routing in such a way that the best path is selected using a multi‐objective fractional artificial bee colony algorithm with the help of fitness measure. The routing process is deployed for transferring the medical data collected from the nodes to the sink, where detection of disease is done using the proposed method. The noise exists in medical data is removed and processed effectively for increasing the detection performance. The dimension‐reduced features are more probable in reducing the complexity issues. The created approach achieves improved testing accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity as 0.910, 0.914, and 0.912, respectively.
Augmented security for healthcare data using obfuscation and elliptic curve cryptography algorithm in health cloud environment
Authors: V Sri Vigna Hema , K Ramesh
Published: August 2022

In the past few years, the growing demands of cloud computing became high in the healthcare sector. The electronic health record (EHR) has turned out to be the chosen system to uphold patient's healthcare data. Due to the advancement of cloud computing, the users in the cloud are empowered to access their data with elasticity and offering huge storage capability at minimum costs. This motivates EHR maintainers to transfer their personal storage to the remote cloud servers as it significantly reduces the burden of storage and computation. Nevertheless, securing healthcare data file poses a gigantic challenge as data outsourced in the cloud are too sensitive. Several security features such as data confidentiality, data privacy, access control, data integrity, and data security necessities to be satisfied. This article proposed a secure sharing of healthcare data file by incorporating obfuscation technique and elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) algorithm to enforce better data confidentiality and integrity. Data obfuscation is a beneficial technique in preserving the data confidentiality on the cloud by minimizing the risk of data theft and data leakage. Moreover, ECC methodology aims to provide a high level of security, low communication and computation cost with smaller key size. Experimental analysis reveals better performance than other existing schemes in terms of computation time, communication time, key generation time, throughput rate, turnaround time, and uploading speed. Besides, it exposes that the proposed framework is highly secure and efficient in the field of healthcare system.
Bis(acyl)phosphine Oxides as Stoichiometric Photo‐Reductants for Copper Nanoparticle Synthesis: Efficiency and Kinetics
Authors: Schmallegger Max , Grützmacher Hansjörg , Gescheidt Georg
Published: August 2022

Bis(acyl)phospine oxide (BAPO) photo‐initiators show excellent properties in photo‐induced radical polymerization. Furthermore, in aqueous or alcoholic solutions, the primary phosphorus‐centred radical forms a solvent adduct, which acts as a reductant for metal cations. Here, we present the mechanism, stoichiometry and kinetics of this reduction process. Moreover, we address the controlled production of copper nanoparticles. This is accomplished using optical spectroscopy in conjunction with in‐depth kinetic analysis. This study opens the door for the application of BAPOs as a light‐activated reducing agents, allowing a facile, mild and controlled generation of metal nanoparticles and of metal/polymer nanocomposites.
Psychosocial impact of vitiligo in patients with skin of color
Authors: Mehta Nikhil , Gupta Vishal
Published: August 2022

Vitiligo exerts a significant negative effect on patients quality of life. Patients with skin of colour have a more negative attitude towards vitiligo than those with fairer skin. Many myths and misconceptions about vitiligo are prevalent in certain societies in South‐east Asia and the middle east. Confusion with leprosy further adds to the stigma. Vitiligo impacts several spheres of life due to the cosmetic disfigurement as well as the prevailing socio‐cultural factors. Patients with vitiligo suffer from low self‐esteem, and often face discrimination, and difficulties in social life and relationships. Quality‐of‐life measures such as Dermatology Life Quality Index and Vitiligo Impact Scale‐22 indicate that vitiligo has a moderate‐to‐large effect on patients life. Psychiatric comorbidities such as anxiety and depression are more prevalent among patients with vitiligo as compared to general population. The psychosocial burden of vitiligo should be evaluated separately from the clinical severity separately because it may not correlate with the extent of depigmentation, and may not improve in proportion to the repigmentation. Apart from the treatment of vitiligo patches, patients may benefit from measures specifically aimed at reducing the psychosocial distress.
Early‐onset eating disorders in Australian children: A national surveillance study showing increased incidence
Authors: Morris Anne , Elliott Elizabeth , Madden Sloane
Published: August 2022

Objective

The aim of this study was to collect prospective national data on early‐onset eating disorders (EOEDs) in children in Australia to document changes in clinical presentations, medical complications, management, and incidence since initially described in 2002–2005.

Method

Each month pediatricians reported children aged 5–13 years newly diagnosed with an eating disorder to the Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit and provided de‐identified clinical data.

Results

Between 2016 and 2018, 184 children were confirmed with EOED with a minimum estimated national incidence of 2.79 per 100,000 children aged 5–13 years (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.40–3.23), nearly double the previously recorded incidence. The mean age at diagnosis was 12.2 years; 43(24%) were boys who were younger than girls (11.85 vs. 12.33 years; p = .03). All had food avoidance. Common symptoms included fear of weight gain 140 (76%), preoccupation with body weight 134 (73%), and misperception of body size 116 (63%). Bradycardia was present in 83 (45%) and 117 (64%) who required hospital admission. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision (DSM‐5) criteria for anorexia nervosa were met for 144 (78%).

Discussion

Children with eating disorders continue to present with severe illness. Near doubling in incidence in just over a 10‐year period highlights the need for increased clinical resourcing and comparable international data.

Public Significance

The incidence of new presentations of eating disorders in children aged 5–13 years has nearly doubled since a similar study was conducted over 10 years ago. Children were unwell for an average of 8 months before diagnosis; approximately 80% had a clear diagnosis of anorexia nervosa and 64% needed hospital admission due to medical complications. This highlights the need for improvements in education and clinical resources for this age group.
A novel pneumatic skin sensory stimulator and its application to a two‐point discrimination test
Authors: Hashikawa Fumitaka , Mizunuma Shota , Ofuchi Satsuki , Kajiwara Riichi
Published: August 2022

We have developed a tactile stimulation system that can apply air puffs locally to any two points on a skin's surface. This system consists of an air output device and a reaction recording device, both controlled by dedicated software. The air output device is equipped with a microcontroller ESP32, which can produce an airflow from two ports by controlling the intensity of the compressed air, the duration of its output, and the inter‐trial time interval between applications. The reaction recording device is equipped with a push‐button to record the subject's response when the air is applied to the skin. We verified the applicability of this system by a two‐point discrimination test. In 14 healthy human subjects, the shortest distance at which they correctly answered that the given air was at two points was 35 mm. When we applied the air at 30 mm, the majority of the human subjects answered incorrectly that the air was only at one point when in fact it was at two points. This result was in close agreement with previously reported results obtained by direct skin stimulation methods.
Hydrodynamic adjustment subject to a submerged canopy partially obstructing a flume: Implications for junction flow behaviour
Authors: Yan Xu‐Feng , Jia Yuan‐Yuan , Zhang Yu , Fang Li‐Bin , Duan Huan‐Feng , Wang Xie‐Kang
Published: August 2022

The scenario of a submerged canopy partially obstructing a channel is common in the natural aquatic flow environment. This study experimentally evaluated the flow adjustment performance and vertical flow structure adaptive to a submerged partially distributed canopy. The experimental results showed that the canopy interior velocity adjustment distance for submerged partially distributed canopies was comparable with that for emergent ones. However, it was smaller than that for submerged fully distributed canopies but comparable with that for emergent fully distributed ones. For the fully developed flow, the neighbouring open waters insignificantly impact the flow structure in the vegetation region (VR), where the mixing‐layer flow behaviour arising from the generation of the vertical coherent vortices was maintained. The vertical mixing‐layer flow behaviour characterised by pronounced vertical Reynolds shear stress transversely extended into the nonobstructed region, suggesting that the canopy‐side waters significantly impacted the neighbouring open flow. This effect decayed in the case of decreasing canopy density and as the location leaving the junction region (JR). Of importance was that near‐bed velocity deflection occurred in the JR and was facilitated by canopy density. Vertically nonuniform distribution of transverse momentum exchange from horizontal coherent vortices due to bed depression can account for the near‐bed velocity deflection. The gained knowledge allowed the development of a phenomenological model for understanding the vertical flow structure in partially vegetated channels.
Enhanced Electrochemical Properties and Optimized Li+ Transmission Pathways of PEO/LLZTO‐Based Composite Electrolytes Modified by Supramolecular Combination
Authors: Lu Zhengyi , Peng Lin , Rong Yi , Wang Enli , Shi Ruhua , Yang Hongxun , Xu Yadong , Yang Ruizhi , Jin Chao
Published: August 2022

Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and Li6.75La3Zr1.75Ta0.25O12 (LLZTO)‐based composite polymer electrolytes (CPEs) are considered one of the most promising solid electrolyte systems. However, agglomeration of LLZTO within PEO and lack of Li+ channels result in poor electrochemical properties. Herein, a functional supramolecular combination (CD‐TFSI) consisting of active β‐cyclodextrin (CD) supramolecular with self‐assembled LiTFSI salt is selected as an interface modifier to coat LLZTO fillers. Benefiting from vast H‐bonds formed between β‐CD and PEO matrix and/or LLZTO, homogeneous dispersion and tight interface contact are obtained. Moreover, 6Li NMR spectra confirm a new Li+ transmission pathway from PEO matrix to LLZTO ceramic then to PEO matrix in the as‐prepared PEO/LLZTO@CD‐TFSI CPEs due to the typical cavity structure of β‐CD. As a proof, the conductivity is increased from 5.3 × 10−4 S cm−1 to 8.7 × 10−4 S cm−1 at 60 °C, the Li+ transference number is enhanced from 0.38 to 0.48, and the electrochemical stability window is extended to 5.1 V versus Li/Li+. Li‖LiFePO4 CR2032 coin full cells and pouch cells prove the practical application of the as‐prepared PEO/LLZTO@CD‐TFSI CPEs. This work offers a new strategy of interface modifying LLZTO fillers with functional supramolecular combination to optimize PEO/LLZTO CPEs for solid lithium batteries.
Hierarchical CoFe@N‐Doped Carbon Decorated Wood Carbon as Bifunctional Cathode in Wearable Zn‐Air Battery
Authors: Ao Kelong , Zhang Xiangyang , Nazmutdinov Renat R. , Wang Di , Shi Jihong , Yue Xian , Sun Jianguo , Schmickler Wolfgang , Daoud Walid A.
Published: August 2022

Rechargeable Zn‐air batteries (ZAB) have drawn extensive attention due to their eco‐friendliness and safety. However, the lack of high‐performance and low‐cost oxygen redox reactions (OER and ORR) catalysts has become one of the main stumbling blocks in their development. Herein, we successfully fabricate a CoFe nanobubble encapsulated in nitrogen‐doped carbon nanocage on wood carbon support (CoFe@NC/WC) via pyrolysis of a novel Prussian blue analog (PBA)/spruce precursor. The hierarchical CoFe@NC/WC catalyst exhibits an excellent potential difference of 0.74 V between the OER potential at 10 mA cm−2 and half‐wave potential of ORR in 0.1 M KOH, comparable to recently reported preeminent electrocatalysts. Further, CoFe@NC/WC shows outstanding electrochemical performance in liquid ZAB, with a peak power density of 138.9 mW cm−2 and a specific capacity of 763.5 mAh g−1. More importantly, a bacterial cellulose nanofiber reinforced polyacrylic acid (BC‐PAA) hydrogel electrolyte shows ultrahigh tensile‐breaking stress of 1.58 MPa. In conjunction with the as‐prepared CoFe@NC/WC catalyst, BC‐PAA‐based wearable ZAB displays impressive rechargeability and foldability, and can power portable electronics, such as electronic timer and mobile phone, in bent states. This work provides a new approach toward high‐activity and low‐cost catalysts for ZAB.
One hammer for all nails? Testing the autonomy of policy instrument attitudes
Authors: Nekola Martin , Petrúšek Ivan , Musílková Markéta
Published: August 2022

Policy design is influenced by stakeholders' attitudes and contextual constraints. While the latter factor is highly variable, attitudes toward policy instruments are deemed more stable across both policy domains and time. This article uses evidence from a cross‐sectional survey of Czech university students to examine the autonomy of policy instrument attitudes (APIA) in five policy domains. Only 16% of students endorse a small set of universal instruments for a wide range of applications (so‐called instrumentalists) which indicates rather low cross‐domain consistency of attitudes (strong APIA hypothesis). Attitudes toward information instruments are correlated within policy domains, thus providing some support for the weak version of APIA. However, this association does not apply to other instruments. The results suggest that the majority of students can be seen as contingentists whose evaluation of the merits of instruments is based on instruments' suitability for a particular problem.
Upper cerebellar glucose hypermetabolism in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and interictal psychosis
Authors: Sone Daichi , Sato Noriko , Shigemoto Yoko , Kimura Yukio , Matsuda Hiroshi
Published: August 2022

Objective

Psychosis is an important comorbidity in epilepsy, but its pathophysiology is still unknown. The imaging modality 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography (18F‐FDG PET) is widely used to measure brain glucose metabolism, and we speculated that 18F‐FDG PET may detect characteristic alteration patterns in individuals with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and psychosis.

Methods

We enrolled 13 patients with TLE and interictal psychosis (TLE‐P) and 21 patients with TLE without psychosis (TLE‐N). All underwent interictal 18F‐FDG‐PET scanning. Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM)12 software was used for the normalization process, and we performed a voxel‐wise comparison of the TLE‐P and TLE‐N groups.

Results

Cerebral hypometabolic areas were observed in the ipsilateral temporal pole to hippocampus in both patient groups. In the TLE‐P group, the voxel‐wise comparison revealed significantly increased 18F‐FDG signals in the upper cerebellum, superior cerebellar peduncle, and midbrain. There were no significant between‐group metabolic differences around the focus or other cerebral areas.

Significance

Our results demonstrated significant hypermetabolism around the upper cerebellum in patients with TLE and interictal psychosis compared to patients with TLE without psychosis. These findings may reflect the involvement of the cerebellum in the underlying neurobiology of interictal psychosis and could contribute to a better understanding of this disorder.