bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of reliability parameters of in-plant power supply schemes with two-transformer substations
Authors: Petrova R. M. , Gracheva E. I.
Published: January 2025

In the process of designing in-plant power supply systems, it is necessary to determine their rational redundancy. The reliability of the power supply system has been established for the following variants of the circuit of two-transformer 10/0.4 kV substations: without redundancy; with redundancy (when installing a sectional switch); with double redundancy (when installing a sectional switch and a backup jumper for 0.4 kV). The calculation data have shown that the reliability of the circuit without redundancy is 1.87 times lower compared to the circuit with redundancy and 3.17 times lower than with the circuit with double redundancy. Graphic dependencies of the mean time between failures of power supply circuits with two-transformer substations from different rated capacities of shop transformers have been obtained for three variants: without redundancy; with redundancy; with double redundancy. The optimal condition is to use a smaller number of transformer substations (respectively, transformers) while maintaining the load factor of 0.8. When comparing the graphs, it has been found that the longest mean time between failures is achieved with double redundancy, and the shortest – with no redundancy. The research results can be recommended for use in the process of designing in-plant power supply systems to assess and improve the reliability and efficiency of equipment operation
Exploring the New Moon during the Time of Prophet Muhammad Using Digistar 6 Planetarium
Authors: Nurkhanif Muhammad , Djamaluddin Thomas , Izzuddin Ahmad , Ahmad Mohd Razlan
Published: January 2025

This article aims to present a digital visualization of the new moon (hilal) as a determinant of the beginning and end of Ramadan fasting, exploring the astronomical phenomenon of hilal visibility during the Prophet Muhammad's era using the Digistar 6 system in a planetarium. Several Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) literatures discuss comparisons of fasting durations during the Prophet's time, ranging between 29 and 30 days. This study employs a qualitative research method based on library research, utilizing an astronomical approach and simulation observations in a planetarium. The data used include historical and astronomical data from the Prophet Muhammad's era, as well as related classical literature. The findings of the study include the integration of Digistar 6 technology with computational data to reconstruct the hilal phenomena of the Prophet’s time. For instance, the elevation of the hilal marking the beginning of Syawal in 8 AH was observed at a minimum Moon Altitude of 02°06’22” above the horizon, with an elongation of 04°55’56” and an atmospheric clarity of 9.52%. The Prophet Muhammad observed Ramadan fasting nine times, with six instances involving 29 days of fasting and the remaining three involving 30 days, as determined through simulated physical imagery of the hilal.
The Ramadan Punggahan Tradition in North Sumatra: Investigating the Javanese Nuanced Practicalities in Langkat Regency
Authors: Ali M. Nasihudin
Published: January 2025

Javanese people still observe the Punggahan ritual before the month of Ramadan, particularly those who live in Sekoci Village, Besitang District, Langkat Regency, Northern Sumatra Province. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the origins of this practice, how it has evolved, and what the Punggahan tradition means to the Javanese residing in Sekoci Village, Besitang District. A qualitative research methodology is employed in this study. Qualitative data was gathered via library research and interviews. The Javanese community in Sekoci village, Besitang District, is undergoing changes in the way their Punggahan ritual is being carried out. When a group gathers in a mosque or prayer room, the menu is different. This results from the integration of Javanese and Malay culture. This integration resulted in the creation of a specific cuisine that is required at every Punggahan ritual celebration in Sekoci Village, Besitang District. Meat is typically offered on the menu. The tradition of embracing Ramadan in Sekoci Village, Besitang District, originated from this blending of Javanese and Malay customs. The research explores how local communities negotiate the cultural identities that have been transported with them from their home environments to new ones, whereupon they come together to create a new cultural construction. This study serves as a case study of cultural integration and evolution. It demonstrates the importance of adapting traditional practices to contemporary contexts while maintaining their essential cultural significance.
The Dynamics of the Nggusu Waru Philosophy in Dompu Society, West Nusa Tenggara: Erosion and the Threat of Extinction
Authors: Nurhilaliati Nurhilaliati , Muhammad Muhammad
Published: January 2025

The philosophy of life, a legacy of values inherited from generation to generation, provides an essential guide to mindset, behavior, and attitude. In the Indonesian context, these philosophies are the main guide in life at the individual and social levels. This study aims to explore the existence of the Nggusu Waru philosophy in Dompu society, involving those from Baby Boomers to Gen-Z. This study employed a qualitative method. The data were collected from observation, document analysis, and interviews. This study revealed a significant decline in the understanding and implementation of the Nggusu Waru philosophy among the Dompu people. Mostly, the local people are no longer familiar with the philosophy, others have limited understanding, and only a small proportion of the Baby Boomer group showed proper understanding and implementation. Factors contributing to this trend include modernization, education, social environment, and the application of traditional values in the contemporary era. This study emphasizes the necessity of preserving, understanding, and reviving traditional values, a major concern for the people of Dompu in West Nusa Tenggara Province.
Causal Association between Arm Fat, Left Leg Fat, and Trunk Fat Masses and Risk of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Zhang Yuhan , Zhou Wei , Su Qiong , Chen Qi
Published: January 2025

Background:

Observational studies have reported that arm fat, left leg fat, and trunk
fat masses have different effects on polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). However, the causal
relationship between them remains unknown.

Materials and Methods:

A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted by
utilizing pooled data from the largest Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS). Random effect
inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, weighted median (WM), and MR-Egger regression
analysis were the main statistical methods utilized. Finally, a sensitivity assessment was
conducted. Cochran’s Q test was used to analyze heterogeneity, whereas MR-Egger regression
(intercept term) was used to analyze horizontal pleiotropy. The leave-one-out analysis was performed
to assess if MR estimates were impacted by a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)
exhibiting significant horizontal pleiotropy.

Results:

This study discovered a significant positive correlation between left leg fat mass, arm
fat mass, and trunk fat mass and genetic factors of PCOS (odds ratio (OR): 4.452, confidence
interval (CI): 2.740−7.232, p < 0.001, OR: 3.321, CI: 2.248−4.907, p < 0.001, and OR: 2.518,
CI: 1.722−3.682, p < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusion:

This study indicates that arm fat, left leg fat, and trunk fat masses may be genetically
correlated with PCOS.
miR-507 Acts as a Tumor Suppressor in Renal Cell Carcinoma Cells by Targeting STEAP3
Authors: Xiaobo Gong , Jian Huang , Linjie Guo , Zhe Tang , Guangjun Zhong , Ye Feng
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

In recent years, there has been a rise in the incidence of renal cell carcinoma
(RCC), with metastatic RCC being a prevalent and significant contributor to mortality.
While a regulatory role for microRNAs (miRNAs) in the development and progression of RCC
has been recognized, their precise functions, molecular mechanisms, and potential clinical implications
remain inadequately elucidated. Hence, this study aimed to explore the role of miR-507
in RCC and identify STEAP3 as a downstream target of miR-507.

Introduction:

In recent years, there has been a rise in the incidence of renal cell carcinoma
(RCC), with metastatic RCC being a prevalent and significant contributor to mortality.
While a regulatory role for microRNAs (miRNAs) in the development and progression of RCC
has been recognized, their precise functions, molecular mechanisms, and potential clinical implications
remain inadequately elucidated. Hence, this study aimed to explore the role of miR-507
in RCC and identify STEAP3 as a downstream target of miR-507.

Introduction:

In recent years, there has been a rise in the incidence of renal cell carcinoma
(RCC), with metastatic RCC being a prevalent and significant contributor to mortality.
While a regulatory role for microRNAs (miRNAs) in the development and progression of RCC
has been recognized, their precise functions, molecular mechanisms, and potential clinical implications
remain inadequately elucidated. Hence, this study aimed to explore the role of miR-507
in RCC and identify STEAP3 as a downstream target of miR-507.

Methods:

Bioinformatics analysis was used to analyze the expression of miR-507 and STEAP3
in RCC specimens. CCK-8, Transwell, and flow cytometry assays were used to assess the function
of miR-507 in RCC cells. The connection between miR-507 and STEAP3 was confirmed
through a luciferase reporter assay. The expression level of STEAP3, p53, and xCT was analyzed
by western blotting.

Results:

Bioinformatics analysis showed that miR-507 was expressed at low levels in RCC tissues
and was linked to poor overall survival. STEAP3 was found to be significantly upregulated
in RCC. Further, STEAP3 was shown to be targeted by miR-507. High levels of miR-507 reduced
the expression of STEAP3, leading to stagnant cell viability, apoptosis, and migrative capacity.
Whereas miR-507 knockdown reverted such a tendency. The study also discovered that
miR-507 exerted its inhibitory effect through the op53/xCT pathway.

Conclusion:

Within RCC, miR-507 modulates the expression of SETAP3/p53/xCT axis, exhibiting
a tumor suppressive effect. These discoveries offer present prospective biomarkers for both
surveillance and treatment of RCC.

other:

N/A
Mechanisms Underlying the Anti-Atherosclerotic Effects of EGCG
Authors: Wang Lili , Tang Chunlian , Pan Qun
Published: January 2025

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory vascular disease and the
primary pathological basis of cardiovascular diseases. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate
(EGCG), the most abundant polyphenol compound in green tea, has garnered
significant attention in recent years for its protective effects against AS. EGCG
possesses properties that lower lipid levels, exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory
activities, enhance plaque stability, and promote the recovery of endothelial function.
The regulatory mechanisms of EGCG in AS primarily involve inhibiting apoptosis,
modulating autophagy, improving gut microbiota, and regulating the Nrf2 and
inflammatory signaling pathways. This review summarizes the role of EGCG in the
prevention and treatment of AS and its potential mechanisms, providing a scientific
basis for future research directions and therapeutic applications.
Isoindoline-1,3-dione Derivatives as Prototypes for Anticonvulsant Drug Discovery
Authors: Chelucci Rafael Consolin , Chiquetto Richard , Chiba Diego Eidy , Scarim Cauê Benito , Chin Chung Man , Dos Santos Jean Leandro
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

Epilepsy encompasses numerous syndromes characterized by spontaneous,
intermittent, and abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Affecting about 1-2% of the population,
it is estimated that approximately 30-40% of patients experience refractory epilepsy, which
does not respond to traditional anticonvulsant drugs.

Aims:

Therefore, developing novel, safe, and effective antiepileptic drugs remains a medical need.
In this study, we synthesized a series of isoindoline-1,3-dione derivatives and evaluated their anticonvulsant
effects.

Results:

Compounds (2a-j) and (5) were obtained with yields ranging from 52-97%. These compounds
were assessed for their protective effects on the following parameters: a) time to first seizure
(seizure latency), b) seizure duration, and c) mortality rate post-seizure. The most active
compound, (2a), increased seizure latency, reduced seizure duration, and lowered the mortality
rate.

Conclusion:

These findings indicate that compound (2a) is a promising new anticonvulsant prototype,
offering an alternative to current anticonvulsant drugs.
Royal Jelly's Strong Selective Cytotoxicity Against Lung Malignant Cells and Macromolecular Alterations in Cells Observed by FTIR Spectroscopy
Authors: Aysin ferhunde
Published: January 2025

Introduction/Objective:

Several nutraceuticals, food, and cosmetic products can be developed using
royal jelly. It is known for its potential health benefits, including its ability to boost the immune system and reduce
inflammation. It is rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, which can improve general health. Royal
jelly (RJ) is also being studied as a potential therapeutic agent for cancer and other chronic diseases. It is effective
in reducing tumor growth and stimulating immunity.

Methods:

In this study, we investigated the effects of royal jelly on cancerous A549 cells and healthy MRC-5
cells at various doses ranging from 1.25 to 10 mg/ml. Royal jelly's anti-proliferative effect was evaluated by MTT
and SRB assay for 48 h. The induction of necrosis and apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry as well. The
relative amounts of major molecules in Royal jelly were determined by FTIR spectroscopy to identify key functional
groups and molecular structures. In addition, this technique was used for the first time to detect changes in
the macromolecular composition of lung cells treated with royal jelly. Thus, it provided insights into the relative
abundance of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates, which could correlate with their bioactive properties.

Results:

The antiproliferative effect of Royal jelly was found to be selective on A549 cells in a dose-dependent
manner with an IC50 of 9.26 mg/mL, with no cytotoxic effects on normal MRC-5 cells. Moreover, Royal jelly
induced predominantly necrotic cell death in A549 cells, %39.10 at 4 mg/ml and %57.88 at 10 mg/ml concentrations.
However, the necrosis rate in MRC-5 cells was quite low, at 9.16% and 20.44% at the same doses. Royal
jelly showed dose-dependent selective cytotoxicity toward A549 cells, whereas it exhibited no apparent cytotoxicity
in MRC-5 cells. In order to identify the biomolecular changes induced by royal jelly, we used two unsupervised
chemometric pattern recognition algorithms (PCA and HCA) on the preprocessed sample FTIR spectra to
determine the effects of royal jelly on cell biochemistry. According to PCA and HCA results, RJ treatments especially
affected biomolecules in A549 cells. The total spectral band variances in the PCA loading spectra were
calculated for understanding biomolecular alterations. These plots revealed profound changes in the lipid, protein,
and nucleic acid content of RJ-applied lung cells, primarily identifying RJ and H2O2 treated groups for A549
cells.

Conclusion:

Ultimately, the selective cytotoxicity of royal jelly toward A549 cancerous cells suggests that royal
jelly may be a promising therapeutic agent for identifying innovative lung cancer treatment strategies. Additionally,
understanding the molecular alterations induced by royal jelly could guide the development of novel cancer
treatments that exploit its bioactive properties. This could lead to more effective and safer therapies.
Plasma Hepatic Transaminases and Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome Before Midlife in Military Adults: A CHIEF Cohort Study
Authors: Liu Fang-Chen , Chen Kai-Wen , Tsai Kun-Zhe , Chu Chen-Chih , Lin Yen-Chen , Chang Yun-Chen , Lin Gen-Min
Published: January 2025

Background:

Plasma AST and ALT may reflect the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
(NAFLD) severity and have been associated with the risk of MetS in middle- or old-aged individuals.

Aims:

This study aimed to examine the associations of plasma hepatic aspartate and alanine transaminases
(AST and ALT) levels with incident metabolic syndrome (MetS) in young adults,
which have not been verified before.

Objective:

The goal of this study was to identify the association between plasma hepatic transaminases
and the incidence of new-onset MetS among young adults.

Methods:

There were 2,804 military men and women, with ages of 18-39 years, free of baseline
MetS and any viral hepatitis in Taiwan in 2014. Incident MetS were followed in the annual military
health examinations from baseline till the end of 2020. The definition of MetS was made using
the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation. Plasma concentrations of AST and ALT
were checked at baseline. A Multivariable Cox regression model with adjustments for sex, age,
each component of MetS, body mass index, substance use status, and physical activity at baseline
was performed to determine the associations. Subgroup analyses were performed according to sex
and each MetS component.

Results:

During a median follow-up of 5.8 years, 644 incident MetS (23.0%) developed. ALT and
AST levels (each 10 U/L increase) were respectively associated with 5% and 11% increased risk
of incidence of MetS (hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 1.05 (1.01-1.09)
and 1.11 (1.04-1.19), respectively). In subgroup analyses, the risk of incidence of MetS with ALT
and AST levels respectively increased 75% and 114% in women (HRs: 1.75 (1.07-2.87) and 2.14
(1.35-3.41), respectively), and 7% and 14% in those free of central obesity (HRs: 1.07 (1.02-1.11)
and 1.14 (1.06-1.23), respectively) which were higher than their counterparts (p-values for interaction
by sex: 0.06 and 0.001, respectively; and by central obesity: 0.04 and 0.07, respectively).

Conclusion:

Plasma hepatic transaminase levels were positively associated with incident MetS
among young adults. The individual role of central obesity and sex on the association of ALT and
AST with incident MetS should be further clarified.
Evaluation of the Performance of Concrete Reinforced with Bamboo and Incorporating Cassava Peel Ash
Authors: Awolusi Temitope Funmilayo , James Aladegboye Oluwasegun , Emmanuel Babalola Olusola , Abdallah Mirvat , Abu James Gana , Kunle Ayo Emmanuel , Azab Marc
Published: January 2025

Introduction

The main materials utilized in the production of reinforced concrete are aggregates, cement, and steel. The production of steel and cement contributes to the generation of carbon dioxide emissions, which is a main cause of global warming.

Methods

To further enhance sustainability in the construction industry, this study focuses on utilizing alternative sustainable materials in bamboo-reinforced concrete containing cassava peel ash (BRC-CPA) by fully replacing steel with bamboo strips and partially replacing cement with cassava peel ash. The experimental phase includes material characterization for the cassava peel ash (CPA) and bamboo reinforcements. Eighty-nine samples of BRC-CPA beams with dimensions 100×150×500 mm were produced, and bamboo strips of three different sizes, 12, 14, and 16 mm, were prepared and used as reinforcement in the BRC-CPA beams to evaluate their flexural strength and flexural strain. In addition, 12 samples of 150 mm cassava peel ash-blended concrete (CPAC) cubes without bamboo strips were produced. The cassava peel ash was used to partially replace cement at three levels, 0, 10, and 20%, to evaluate their influence on the compressive strength and water absorption of concrete cube samples.

Results

The addition of CPA slightly reduced the compressive strength of CPAC cubes, with values of 23.4 N/mm², 22.2 N/mm², and 21.4 N/mm² observed for 0%, 10%, and 20% CPA replacement levels, respectively. However, incorporating CPA had a positive effect by reducing water absorption and narrowing the flexural crack width in BRC-CPA beams. The flexural strength of BRC-CPA beams increased as the concrete aged, but decreased as the bamboo reinforcement size increased. Notably, at 20% CPA replacement, the flexural strength was less influenced by the bamboo strip size compared to beams with 0% CPA.

Conclusion

Based on experimental results obtained for compressive strength, flexural strength, and flexural crack width, cassava peel ash at 10% replacement and bamboo strips of size 14 mm were recommended for use in BRC-CPA for concrete structural elements such as beams, columns, and slabs.
Evaluación del desempeño de un agitador recíproco optimizado con control PID y tecnología Arduino: impulso hacia la economía circular en equipos de laboratorio
Authors: Pastrana Alta Roxana Yesenia , Achuy Flores Ana Sofía , Aiquipa Moreno Luis Fernando , Rodríguez Adriano Marco Antonio , Tarazona Tocto Miguel Ángel
Published: January 2025

La pandemia de COVID-19 ha impulsado una transición acelerada hacia la educación virtual y el aprendizaje autodirigido, destacando la necesidad de herramientas educativas prácticas y asequibles. Este estudio aborda la remanufacturación de un agitador recíproco antiguo utilizando un sistema de control PID basado en el método de Ziegler-Nichols y tecnología Arduino. El equipo fue evaluado bajo diversas condiciones de carga y velocidad, logrando un control preciso de la agitación con un error porcentual mínimo del 3%. Los resultados demuestran la efectividad del control PID para estabilizar la velocidad del motor dentro del rango de 150 a 250 RPM, con un tiempo promedio de estabilización de 2 segundos. Además, las mediciones eléctricas validaron la eficiencia del regulador de corriente alterna, mientras que la reutilización de componentes resalta la viabilidad de integrar prácticas de economía circular en la educación. Esta investigación ofrece una solución económica y ambientalmente sostenible para la fabricación de equipos de laboratorio, fomentando la innovación en la enseñanza de ciencias experimentales.
Increasing the Growth and Production of Alfalfa by Supplementation with Various Types of Organic Fertilizers and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi
Authors: Sabilah Inka Shal Sabilah , Prihantoro Iwan , Permana Asep Tata
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of various organic fertilizers and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the growth and production of alfalfa plants in the tropics. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) factorial pattern consisting of two factors with ten replications. Factor A included the types of organic fertilizer, including chicken manure, cow manure, goat manure, and vermicompost. Factor B was the dose of AMF, which included 0 g and 10 g. The results revealed an interaction effect (p<0,01) between the type of organic fertilizer and AMF factors on AMF colonization in alfalfa roots and leaf chlorophyll. The single factor of the type of organic fertilizer had a very significant effect (p<0,01) on increasing the pH, plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, root fresh weight, shoot fresh weight, and shoot dry weight of the media. Moreover, the single factor AMF had no significant effect (p>0,05) on the observed parameters. In conclusion, the application of various types of organic fertilizers with 20% media volume effectively increased the growth and production of alfalfa plants, and the type of organic fertilizer, cow manure, was the best treatment. The application of organic fertilizers alone or in combination with 10 g of AMF did not significantly affect the growth and production of alfalfa plants
Effects of Supplementing Concentrate on Cumulative Gas Production of Ration-Based Natural Grass
Authors: Eva Eva Icahyaningrum , Kusmartono  , Mashudi  , Ndaru Poespitasari Hasanah
Published: January 2025

This research aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementation with concentrate on the cumulative in vitro gras production of rations made from natural grass. Natural grass is the primary source of fibre in livestock diets, especially for ruminant animals, and thrives in tropical regions. The high fibre content in field grass can have a positive effect on the digestive process. The following treatments were applied: T1 (40% natural grass + 60% concentrate-C1), T2 (40% natural grass + 60% concentrate-C2), T3 (40% natural grass 60% concentrate-C3), and T4 (40% natural grass + 60% concentrate-C4). The experiment used a randomized block design (RBD) involving four treatments and three replications. The variables observed were cumulative gas production, potential of degradation (b) and rate of degradation (c) values. The results revealed that the treatments significantly affected (P<0.05) cumulative gas production, with the highest value occurring in the T5 treatment (155.6 ml/500 g DM), followed by the T4, T3, T2 and T1 treatments (147.8, 138.0, 129.0 and 91.6 ml/500 mg DM, respectively), and potential gas production; however, the treatments did not significantly affect the b and c values. It can be concluded that, based on the research results, the concentrate containing the highest proportion of tofu waste had the highest cumulative gas production.
The current state and prospects of regulation of crowdfunding as a form of investment activity in Russia and abroad
Authors:   Artem V. Mazein MIREA – Russian Technological University, Mazein Artem V. , Belov Danila Y. ,   Danila Y. Belov MIREA – Russian Technological University, Vildanova Darina A. ,   Darina A. Vildanova MIREA – Russian Technological University
Published: January 2025

В настоящей статье рассматриваются основные формы привлечения инвестиций с помощью цифровых платформ (краудфандинга), включая краудревординг, краудлендинг и краудинвестинг. Определен механизм реализации Федерального закона от 02.08.2019 № 259-ФЗ, регулирующего привлечение инвестиций с использованием инвестиционных платформ, в котором установлен круг субъектов, их правовое положение. Указанный закон реализует публичный интерес, закрепляя гарантии соблюдения прав инвесторов (в части технических требований, финансовых показателей, отчетности). Сделан вывод, что законодательные решения об использовании инвестиционных платформ подтверждают стремление урегулировать изменяющиеся отношения под воздействием цифровизации общественных отношений и сетевизации экономики. При этом выявлено несколько подходов к закреплению понятий «инвестиций» и «инвестиционной деятельности», что стало следствием фрагментарного регулирования отдельных форм инвестирования. Для преодоления данного пробела представляется необходимым актуализировать дискуссию о разработке Инвестиционного кодекса Российской Федерации. По результатам статистического анализа основных экономических показателей деятельности краудфандинговых платформ на территории Российской Федерации сделаны выводы о динамике развития инвестиционной деятельности. Отмечается, что главной проблемой краудфандинга в России является низкий уровень инвестиционной и финансовой грамотности, который напрямую влияет на желание граждан вкладывать собственные денежные средства. Подчеркивается, что популярным (в том числе после пандемии Covid-19) является организация на платформах безвозмездного сбора средств, при этом законодательство не выделяет подобный способ финансирования.
Legal status of the inheritance fund in the Russian Federation
Authors:   Ummupazil A. Omarova Dagestan State University, Omarova Ummupazil A. , Gusaeva Aminat Z. ,   Aminat Z. Gusaeva Dagestan State University
Published: January 2025

Постоянное развитие гражданского оборота требует изменения наследственного права Российской Федерации. В целях удовлетворения различных потребностей лиц о распоряжении имуществом после смерти в гражданское законодательство был внедрен институт наследственных фондов. В статье дается правовая характеристика наследственного фонда как новеллы в отечественном гражданском законодательстве. В исследование подчеркиваются актуальные проблемы, связанные с функционированием наследственных фондов в России. В статье также анализируются различные правовые риски, которые могут возникать в результате учреждения этого фонда. В рамках проведенного исследования автор пришла к выводу о том, что текущее законодательство о наследственных фондах необходимо совершенствовать в части их разновидностей, учреждения и функционирования. Предлагается идея о возможности включения в гражданское законодательство положения, позволяющего создать наследственный фонд при жизни наследодателя.
Identification and disclosure of extremist crimes
Authors:   Mikhail N. Trofimov Kikot Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia (Ryazan Branch), Konovalenko Sergey A. , Konovalenko Sergey A. ,   Mikhail N. Trofimov Kikot Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia (Ryazan Branch)
Published: January 2025

Процесс расширения идей экстремистских течений среди общества, поиск путей расшатывания общества в условиях специальной военной операции способствует обострению межнациональных, межэтнических и межрелигиозных отношений, расширению масштабов и остроты противоречий в обществе, появлению новых экстремистских методов в политической борьбе. В связи с этим деятельность оперативных подразделений органов внутренних дел по борьбе с преступлениями экстремистской направленности является необходимой мерой и стратегически важной реакцией государства на исходящие от преступных групп негативные процессы, осуществляемые с распространением политической, религиозной, расовой, национальной исключительности, с вытеснением, а в некоторых случаях – и с фактическим уничтожением граждан. Цель научной статьи систематизировать теоретические и практические аспекты выявления и раскрытия преступлений экстремистской направленности. Результаты работы и их новизна. Новизна представляемых результатов исследования, обусловлена тем, что в статье проанализированы основные направления выявления и раскрытие преступлений экстремистской направленности, представлен алгоритм выявления данных преступлений. Результаты исследования: заключается в том, что полученные в нем практические рекомендации могут быть использованы оперативными подразделениями ОВД в части профилактики, выявления и раскрытия преступлений экстремистской направленности. Обсуждение и заключения: авторами – проанализированы правовые аспекты противодействия преступлениям экстремистской направленности, а также рассмотрены оперативно-розыскные мероприятия, направленные на выявление и раскрытие экстремистских преступлений.
Novelties of the legal regulation of the Institute of citizenship in the Russian Federation
Authors:   Dzhuma V. Kamilova Dagestan State University, Kamilova Dzhuma V. , Isaeva Karina M. ,   Karina M. Isaeva Dagestan State University
Published: January 2025

В статье авторами проанализированы основные положения нового Федерального закона «О гражданстве Российской Федерации» от 26 октября 2023 г. №138-ФЗ, так, в частности, авторами исследованы новшества понятийно-категориального и процедурного характера института гражданства Российской Федерации. Определены основные предпосылки модернизации законодательства о гражданстве Российской Федерации, среди которых изменение геополитической обстановки в мире и присоединение новых субъектов в состав РФ. Авторами на основе анализа норм нового закона сделан вывод о том, что трансформация института гражданства носит положительный характер, но несмотря на это остаются отдельные направления, требующие дальнейшей правовой модернизации и совершенствования.
On the relationship between Constitutional control and Constitutional supervision
Authors:   Vadim K. Kandokhov Rostov State University of Economics "RINH", Kandokhov Vadim K.
Published: January 2025

В статье освещаются различные научные подходы по вопросу соотношения категорий «конституционный контроль» и «конституционной надзор». Рассматриваются аспекты их соотношения с исторических позиций, а также с учетом современной практики деятельности контрольных и надзорных государственных органов. Характеризуются признаки, цели, задачи надзора в деятельности прокуратуры, разграничиваются категории «конституционный надзор» и «надзор за соблюдением Конституции Российской Федерации». По ходу исследования, в том числе рассматривая определение «конституционный контроль» в современных исследованиях, делается вывод, что организационно и предметно выделить конституционный надзор в деятельности органов публичной власти в настоящее время не представляется возможным, отсюда и сложности его определения. Обосновывается авторская позиция по поводу соотношения исследуемых понятий, отнесения тех или иных органов государственной власти к органам, осуществляющим конституционный надзор.
Features of the tactics of police actions in special conditions: the use of weapons and special equipment, ensuring personal safety while on duty by officers of the Patrol and Patrol service (PPS) and the Road patrol service (DPS)
Authors:   Vladimir V. Vypyrailov Belgorod Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia named after I.D. Putilin, Vypyrailov Vladimir V. , Litvinov Dmitry V. ,   Dmitry V. Litvinov Voronezh Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Akkuzin Yuri A. ,   Yuri A. Akkuzin Volgodonsk branch of the Rostov Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia
Published: January 2025

Настоящая статья посвящена особенностям тактики полиции в условиях, требующих специальной подготовки и внимания сотрудников. Обсуждаются такие важные аспекты, как применение оружия и специальных средств, а также обеспечение личной безопасности во время выполнения служебных обязанностей. Основное внимание уделено сотрудникам патрульно-постовой и дорожно-патрульной служб, которые ежедневно сталкиваются с опасными и необычными ситуациями на дорогах и улицах. Актуальность психологических и профессиональных аспектов тренировки сотрудников ППС и ДПС очевидна. Это важное направление привлекает внимание многих исследователей, что свидетельствует об его значимости. Цель настоящего исследования заключается в рассмотрении различных аспектов тактики полиции, включая процедуры применения оружия и специальных средств, тактику взаимодействия с коллегами и с обществом, а также методы обеспечения личной безопасности в сложных и стрессовых ситуациях. Достижение поставленной цели исследования осуществлялось с применением общенаучных и специальных юридических методов: диалектика, сравнительно-правовой анализ, герменевтика, философская концептология. Для подготовки статьи использованы данные из различных источников, включая юридические акты, опыт полицейских, аналитические материалы и научные исследования, что позволило провести всесторонний и глубокий анализ темы. Таким образом, данная статья представляет собой комплексное исследование особенностей тактики полиции в специальных условиях, а также предлагает рекомендации по обеспечению личной безопасности сотрудников ППС и ДПС. Статья посвящается исследованию особенностей тактики действий ППС и ДПС по предупреждению и пресечению нарушений.
On the concept and relationship of the principles of modern International law
Authors:   Ahmed M. Ibragimov Dagestan State University, Ibragimov Ahmed M.
Published: January 2025

В статье рассмотрен довольно широкий круг вопросов, касающихся понятия и взаимосвязи некоторых принципов международного права на новом витке его развития. Эти базовые нормы в анализе статьи представлены как интегральные по степени распространённости среди субъектов права и фундаментальные, по сути, правовые установления, которые могут применяться как в узком срезе правоотношений (отраслевые принципы), так и во всех их областях (общие и основные принципы). Характерно, что отраслевая «привязка» ряда принципов не отменяет их общего назначения, ибо они также могут быть распространены на любое государство мирового сообщества и на любого субъекта международного права. Такие характеристики принципов международного права в научных кругах типичны. От привычных норм права все означенные принципы отличаются стабильностью, длительным становлением, постепенно уступающим место возникновению принципов в течение краткого промежутка времени, обусловленным техническим прогрессом и новыми формами принятия документов, в которых они находят свое отражение.
Problems of ensuring international environmental safety
Authors:   Azadi T. Raghimov Dagestan State University, Raghimov Azadi T. , Gasanov Magomed K. ,   Magomed K. Gasanov Dagestan State University
Published: January 2025

Охрана окружающей среды выступает в качестве международной задачи. В настоящей статье рассматриваются современные проблемы обеспечения международной экологической безопасности. Актуальность темы обусловлена ежегодным ухудшением мировой экологической ситуации, что вызвано бесконтрольным расходованием природных ресурсов и индустриализацией хозяйства. Неизбежно влияет на экологическую безопасность научно-технический прогресс. Производительные силы общества, технологии различных отраслей промышленности, развитие научно-технического прогресса способствуют усилению негативного влияния на природу. С 2023 года вступили в действие новые законодательные требования охраны окружающей среды. Вследствие сказанного рассмотрим проблему загрязнения окружающей природной среды, решить которую не под силу отдельным государствам, и которая может быть решена только с помощью международного сотрудничества. Проанализировано действующее международное законодательство по защите окружающей среды, включающее множество конвенций, соглашений, договоров, участниками которых являются государства. Делаются выводы о необходимости постоянного международного права в данной области, включая пользование природными благами, территориями, ресурсами, сохранение биологического разнообразия.
تابۆشكێنی له‌ شیعره‌كانی (شێخ ڕه‌زای تاڵه‌بانی)دا
Authors: Abdulla Shaida Basim , Sabir Shadan Shukr , Abdulmanaf Bazhdar Sleman
Published: January 2025

ئەم توێژینەوەیە بەناونیشانی (تابۆشكێنی له‌ شیعره‌كانی شێخ ڕه‌زای تاڵه‌بانی)دایه‌. هۆی هه‌ڵبژاردنی ئه‌م بابه‌ته‌ بۆ ئه‌وه‌ ده‌گه‌ڕێته‌وه‌، كه‌‌ زۆرێك له‌ شیعره‌كانی ئه‌م شاعیره‌ ده‌كه‌وێته‌ چوارچێوه‌ی سنوری شكاندنی تابۆوه، له‌گه‌ڵ ئه‌وه‌شدا تاكو ئێستا به‌ توێژینه‌وه‌یه‌كی زانستی باسی ئه‌م بابه‌ته‌ نه‌كراوه‌، بۆیه‌ ئێمه‌ ده‌مانه‌وێت له‌م توێژینه‌وه‌یه‌دا ئه‌م بابه‌ته‌ به‌ وردی بخه‌ینه‌ڕو.
تابۆ به‌شێكه‌ له‌ زمان، به‌ڵام ئه‌و به‌شه‌ی زمان دركاندنی قه‌ده‌غه‌یه‌. له ‌هه‌مو كۆمه‌ڵگه‌یه‌كدا چه‌ند بابه‌ت و كارێك هه‌ن، كه‌ ناوهێنان و باسكردنیان، له‌ هه‌ندێك كات و شوێندا، به‌شێوه‌یه‌كی ڕاسته‌وخۆ و ڕاشكاوانه، یان هه‌ر ده‌ربڕینێك كه‌ په‌یوه‌ندی پێیانه‌وه‌ هه‌بێت، له‌ لایه‌ن كۆمه‌ڵگه‌كه‌وه‌‌ قه‌ده‌غه‌ ده‌كرێت، زۆربه‌ی هۆكاره‌كانی قه‌ده‌غه‌كردن و ڕێگه‌پێنه‌دانی زاراوه‌ و ده‌ربڕینه‌كان په‌یوه‌ندییان به‌ ياساى كۆمه‌ڵايه‌تى و كولتوور هه‌یه‌، چونكه‌ له‌گه‌ڵ دابونه‌ریت و كلتوری كۆمه‌ڵگه‌كه‌‌ ناگونجێن.
ڕێبازی توێژینەوەكە وەسفی شیكارییە، كەرەستەی توێژینەوەكەش‌ بریتییه‌ له‌ شیعره‌كانی (شێخ ڕه‌زا)، ئێمه‌ به‌پێی ئه‌م ڕێبازه‌ هه‌وڵمانداوه‌، به‌شێك له‌ شیعره‌كانی ئه‌م شاعیره‌ شیبكه‌ینه‌وه،‌ تا جۆری تابۆیه‌كه‌ دیاری بكه‌ین.
گرنگی ئه‌م توێژینه‌وه‌یه‌ له‌وه‌دایه‌، كه‌ هه‌ردو لایه‌نی (زمان و ئه‌ده‌ب) ی كوردی به‌یه‌كه‌وه‌ به‌ستۆته‌وه‌.
گرنگترین ئه‌نجامه‌كانی ئه‌م توێژینه‌وه‌یه،‌ بریتییه‌ له‌وه‌ی كه ئه‌م شاعیره‌ له‌‌ زۆرێك له‌ شیعره‌كانی پابه‌ند نه‌بووه‌ به‌ دابونه‌ریت و كلتوری كوردییه‌وه‌ و ئه‌و وشه‌ و زاراوانه‌ی كه‌ ناكرێت بگوترێن و تابۆن له‌ زمانی كوردیدا، ئه‌و له‌نێو شیعره‌كانی زۆر بوێرانه‌ و ڕاشكاوانه‌ تابۆی زمانی كوردی شكاندووه و به‌كارهێناون.
پڕۆژەى واژەگۆکەریى لە زمانى کوردیی_ شێوەزارى سلێمانییدا
Authors: Saeed Sazan Zahir
Published: January 2025

توێژینەوەکە بە ناونیشانى (پڕۆژەى واژەگۆکەریى لە زمانى کوردیى-شێوەزارى سلێمانییدا)، هەوڵێکە بۆ نیشاندان و دەرخستنى دەسەڵاتى سینتاکسیى واژەگۆکەرەکان وەک سەرێکى ئەرکیى پڕۆژەسازدەر، بۆ بونیاتنانى جۆرێکى پڕۆژە پاش_ڕستەییەکان لە مەوداى ڕێزمانى بەرهەمهێنان و گوێزانەوەى چۆمسکیدا بەپێى ئەو زانیارییانەى لە ناواخنى توخمە فەرهەنگییەکەدا هەڵگیراون. بۆئەوەش پەیڕەوکردنى ڕێبازى (پەسنى شیکاریى)، کراوەتە بنەماى پەسنکردنى نموونەو بەڵگەکان و دواتر شیکردنەوەیان. گرنگیى توێژینەوەکە، بەرهەمهێنانى لایەنە دروستەییەکەى پڕۆژەکەیە لەسەر بنەماى هەردوو جۆرى کردارە بنەڕەتیى و هەڵگوێزراوەکان بەهۆى پێشناوە فەرهەنگییەکانى /پێ_، تێ_، لێ_/وە، کە هەڵگرى زانیاریى سینتاکسیی و سیمانتیکیى جیاوازن، ئەوەش لەلایەک دەبێتە پنتى جیاوازیى دروستەییان، لەلایەکى تریشەوە گۆکردنى سینتاکسییان لەناو کۆى دروستەى پڕۆژە پاش_ڕستەییەکەى ڕستەى ئاڵۆزدا.
The Impact of Linguistic Signals on Cognitive Change in Support Seekers in Online Mental Health Communities: Text Analysis and Empirical Study
Authors: Li Min , Gu Dongxiao , Li Rui , Gu Yadi , Liu Hu , Su Kaixiang , Wang Xiaoyu , Zhang Gongrang
Published: January 2025

Background

In online mental health communities, the interactions among members can significantly reduce their psychological distress and enhance their mental well-being. The overall quality of support from others varies due to differences in people’s capacities to help others. This results in some support seekers’ needs being met, while others remain unresolved.

Objective

This study aimed to examine which characteristics of the comments posted to provide support can make support seekers feel better (ie, result in cognitive change).

Methods

We used signaling theory to model the factors affecting cognitive change and used consulting strategies from the offline, face-to-face psychological counseling process to construct 6 characteristics: intimacy, emotional polarity, the use of first-person words, the use of future-tense words, specificity, and language style. Through text mining and natural language processing (NLP) technology, we identified linguistic features in online text and conducted an empirical analysis using 12,868 online mental health support reply data items from Zhihu to verify the effectiveness of those features.

Results

The findings showed that support comments are more likely to alter support seekers’ cognitive processes if those comments have lower intimacy (βintimacy=–1.706, P<.001), higher positive emotional polarity (βemotional_polarity=.890, P<.001), lower specificity (βspecificity=–.018, P<.001), more first-person words (βfirst-person=.120, P<.001), more future- and present-tense words (βfuture-words=.301, P<.001), and fewer function words (βlinguistic_style=–.838, P<.001). The result is consistent with psychotherapists’ psychotherapeutic strategy in offline counseling scenarios.

Conclusions

Our research contributes to both theory and practice by proposing a model to reveal the factors that make support seekers feel better. The findings have significance for support providers. Additionally, our study offers pointers for managing and designing online communities for mental health.
Developing Infrastructure to Realize the Value of Patient-Generated Health Data in a Large Integrated Healthcare System: The Veterans Health Administration Experience (Preprint)
Authors: Newton Terry J , Shah Nilesh , Lewis Katherine , Zocchi Mark S , Bixler Felicia R , Etingen Bella , Lipschitz Jessica M , Robinson Stephanie A , Hogan Timothy P , Shimada Stephanie L
Published: January 2025

UNSTRUCTURED

Patient-generated health data (PGHD) encompass health-related information created, recorded, and gathered by patients in their daily lives, and is distinct from data collected in clinical settings. PGHD can offer insight into patients’ everyday health behaviors and conditions, supporting health management and clinical decision-making. The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) has implemented various initiatives to integrate PGHD into clinical care, including patient self-entered data from the My HealtheVet online patient portal and the Annie for Veterans text-messaging service, as well as digital sensor and self-entered data collected through the Share My Health Data (SMHD) mobile app. These efforts are guided by comprehensive policy and strategy documents to ensure the secure and effective use of PGHD.

This paper describes the development and implementation of the PGHD database within VHA, highlighting the envisioned clinical and research uses of PGHD to advance healthcare for U.S. Veterans. The database adheres to the Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) standards, facilitating secure data storage and exchange of PGHD. Clinical tools, such as the Patient Generated Vitals & Health Data (PGVHD) dashboard, makes PGHD accessible from the electronic health record (EHR). Research and evaluation efforts focus on evaluating PGHD’s impact on patient engagement, clinical outcomes, and healthcare equity.

VHA’s comprehensive PGHD infrastructure represents a significant advancement in personalized healthcare and patient engagement. The integration of PGHD into clinical practice enhances shared decision-making and self-management, while ongoing research and evaluation efforts aim to maximize the benefits of PGHD for Veterans. VHA’s approach sets a benchmark for other U.S. healthcare systems in leveraging PGHD to achieve the broad aims of enhancing stakeholder healthcare experiences, improving population health and health equity, and reducing costs.
Enfoques disciplinarios de la seguridad alimentaria en México: aportes y limitaciones para construir una perspectiva integral
Authors: Sandoval Godoy Sergio Alfonso , Carrazco Fuentes Adria Nayelli , Ortega Vélez María Isabel
Published: January 2025

Este artículo destaca la importancia de conjugar distintas visiones disciplinarias de la seguridad alimentaria (SA), como respuesta a la persistencia de algunas problemáticas de acceso y disponibilidad de alimentos, de sustitución de dietas tradicionales, y de salud pública como el incremento del sobrepeso y obesidad. Con la finalidad de ofrecer una reflexión multidisciplinaria de la SA, se presenta un modelo explicativo a partir de la integración de tres enfoques: a) Salud Pública y Nutricional (ESPN), b) Ingreso Disponible (EID), y c) Simbólico y Cultural (ESC). Lo anterior con el propósito de probar que detrás de las distintas problemáticas de SA existe un entramado de relaciones y actores sociales que actúan dentro de un contexto de creencias, prácticas y saberes alimentarios con diferentes capacidades de elección y consumo, cuya finalidad es satisfacer necesidades fisiológicas, sociales y simbólicas que impactan la calidad de vida. Con ello, se pretende abonar a favor de la interdisciplina, en ese afán por construir un enfoque reflexivo que ayude a comprender de mejor manera la complejidad, importancia y sentido social de la alimentación, como parte de una preocupación académica esencial dirigida a dar mayor viabilidad a los objetivos de política social en México.
Enhancing Machine Learning Interpretability through Automated Concept Induction from Incomplete Data using ECII Algorithm
Authors: Freedolan J Jobert
Published: January 2025

However, with machine learning (ML) models becoming more and more embedded in critical decisions that must be
made, interpretability becomes the key feature because we need to ensure transparency and trust in automated systems.
Currently, there are no interpretability methods designed to handle complex or incomplete data, which severely restricts their
application to real world problems.
In this paper, I introduce using the Enhanced Concept Induction from Incomplete Information (ECII) algorithm to enhance the
interpretability of ML by introducing automated concept induction.
Use of description logic and domain specific background knowledge enables generation of intuitive, human understandable
explanations for ML decisions with incomplete data using ECII algorithm. We discuss the algorithm’s methodology, its
integration with description logic, and present its application in several domains, and prove that it closes the low between
complex ML model outputs and user channel interpretability.