bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LAS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DIRIGIDAS A FACILITAR EL DERECHO DE ACCESO A LA VIVIENDA: ANÁLISIS Y PROPUESTAS, CON ESPECIAL REFERENCIA AL DERECHO COMPARADO FRANCÉS Y ANGLOSAJÓN
Authors: PONCE SOLÉ JULIO
Published: March 2022

El objetivo del presente estudio es presentar algunas de las políticas públicas que se están desarrollando para intentar facilitar el derecho de acceso a la vivienda, previsto en el art. 47 CE (y en algunos Estatutos de Autonomía, como el nuevo Estatuto catalán de 2006, art. 26), desde la perspectiva de su encuadramiento y limitación por el Derecho vigente, teniendo presente la Ley 8/2007, de 28 de mayo, de Suelo. Se hace especial hincapié en la vertiente social del desarrollo urbanístico y territorial sostenible, conectándola con los preocupantes fenómenos en curso de segregación urbana (sólo hay que recordar la rebelión en las banlieus francesas de finales de 2005). El enfoque es predominantemente jurídico y basado en el caso español, aunque no faltan referencias a datos y aportaciones proporcionadas por otras ciencias no jurídicas y a sistemas legales europeos distintos al español, así como al sistema jurídico norteamericano.

Azterlan honen helburua da etxebizitza izateko eskubidea errazten saiatzeko garatzen ari diren politika publikoetako batzuk aurkeztea ¿eskubide hori Espainiako Konstituzioaren 47. artikuluan eta autonomia-estatutu batzuetan aurreikusten da, hala nola 2006ko Kataluniako Estatutuaren 26. art.an¿, indarreko Zuzenbideak eskubide hori zedarritzen eta mugatzen duen ikuspegitik, Lurzoruaren maiatzaren 28ko 8/2007 Legea kontuan izanik. Bereziki azpimarratzen da hirigintza eta lurralde arloko garapen iraunkorraren alderdi soziala, eta hiri-bereizketako uneko gertakari kezkagarriekin (gogoratzea besterik ez dago Frantziako banlieus direlakoetako 2005eko amaierako matxinada). Ikuspegia nagusiki juridikoa eta Espainiako kasuan oinarritua da; baina ez dira falta, bestalde, beste zientzia ez-juridiko batzuek eskainitako datu eta ekarpenei eta Espainiakoaz besteko europar lege-sistemei buruzko erreferentziak, bai eta ipar-amerikar sistema juridikoari buruzkoak ere.

The scope of this study is to introduce some of the public policies currently in process in order to promote the right to housing, as provided by art. 47 from the Constitution (and by some Estatutos de Autonomía, like new Catalan Estatuto from 2006, art. 26) from the perspective of its framing and limits by the rules in force and taking into account Act 8/2007 on Land. It is emphasized the social side of sustainable urban and land development, by linking it up with the current worrying phenomena of urban segregation (just remember riots in the french banlieue at the end of 2005). The approach is predominantly legal and based on the Spanish case, although references to data and contributions from other non legal sciences and from other european legal systems as well as from the north American system apart from the Spanish are not lacking.
DISFUNCIONES Y PROBLEMAS EN LA POLÍTICA VASCA DE VIVIENDA PROTEGIDA. HACIA UNA REFORMULACIÓN DESDE EL DERECHO PÚBLICO A LA LUZ DE OTRAS EXPERIENCIAS COMPARADAS
Authors: AGUIRRECHE OLLO MARÍA LUISA
Published: March 2022

Se analizan los principales problemas del modelo de intervención pública en vivienda configurado en Euskadi, que continúa siendo en parte deudor de un diseño heredado del modelo de vivienda de protección oficial, que resulta conceptualmente erróneo y genera múltiples disfunciones. De cara a poner de relieve la necesidad de reformular algunos principios y categorías jurídicas sobre las que pivota nuestro modelo de intervención en materia de vivienda, se ha querido llamar la atención sobre las diferencias existentes entre aquél y la tradición europea de las viviendas sociales. Para ello se han destacado las orientaciones más importantes de un incipiente marco jurídico europeo en materia de vivienda, incorporando así mismo un somero examen de las principales características de los modelos alemán y austriaco.

Euskadin egituratu den etxebizitza arloko esku-hartze publikoko ereduaren arazo nagusiak aztertzen dira. Eredu hori, oraindik ere, babes ofizialeko etxebizitzen eredutik eratorritako diseinu baten zordun da neurri batean, eta hori kontzeptualki okerrekoa da, eta disfuntzio ugari eragiten ditu. Etxebizitza arloko gure esku-hartze ereduaren oinarrian dauzkagun printzipio eta kategoria juridiko batzuk (gure eredua haien gainean mugatzen
da) birformulatzeko beharra agerian jartzeari begira, eredu horrek eta etxebizitza sozialen europar tradizioaren artean dauden aldeak nabarmendu nahi izan dira. Horretarako, etxebizitza arloko europar esparru juridiko hasi berriaren jarraibide garrantzitsuenak nabarmendu dira, eta, era berean, Alemaniako eta Austriako ereduen ezaugarri nagusiei buruzko azterketa azaleko bat ere txertatu da.

This article analyses the main problems within the model of public action on housing in Euskadi, still influenced to certain extent by the inherited design of social housing which is erroneous in its concept and provokes many malfunctions. With a view to stress the need to reformulate some legal principles and categories upon whom our model is based, this article would like to attract attention about the differences between that model and the European tradition of subsidized housing. In order to do that, the most important directions of the brand new european legal frame in the field of housing are emphasized, by incorporating likewise a brief analysis of the main features of German and Austrian models.
GRANDES INFRAESTRUCTURAS Y OBRAS PÚBLICAS DEL ESTADO: SU ARTICULACIÓN CON LA ORDENACIÓN DEL TERRITORIO AUTONÓMICO
Authors: MENÉNDEZ REXACH ÁNGEL
Published: March 2022

El Estado tiene atribuidas una pluralidad de competencias dotadas de una clara dimensión espacial y que, en consecuencia, su ejercicio incide en la ordenación del territorio. En definitiva, el TC ha sentado, con carácter general la prevalencia de las competencias sectoriales del Estado con incidencia territorial sobre los planes y normas de ordenación del territorio. Por su parte, las Comunidades Autónomas pueden establecer la exigencia de
su informe sobre dichas actuaciones estatales, pero no pueden atribuir al informe carácter vinculante. Desde la perspectiva del régimen urbanístico de las obras del Estado se distinguen tres grupos de obras, en atención al régimen aplicable desde el punto de vista del sometimiento o no a licencia: 1) obras no sujetas a licencia; 2) obras sujetas a licencia, pero a las que se puede aplicar el procedimiento excepcional sustitutivo de aquélla, regulado en
el artículo 244.2 LS92; y 3) obras sujetas a licencia sin excepciones.

Estatuak espazio-dimentsio argiko hainbat eskumen dauzka egotzirik; askotariko eskumenak dira, eta, ondorioz, haietaz baliatzean lurraldearen antolamenduan eragiten du. Azken batean, Konstituzio Auzitegiak oro har finkatu du lurralde-eragineko Estatuaren sektore-eskumenak nagusi direla, lurraldearen antolamenduko plan eta arauen aurrean. Autonomia-erkidegoek, ostera, jarduketa estatal horien gaineko irizpena emateko eskakizuna ezar dezakete, baina irizpen horri ezin diote izaera loteslerik egotzi. Estatuaren obren hirigintza arloko araubidearen ikuspegitik, hiru obra-multzo bereizten dira, lizentziatik pasaraztetik edo ez pasaraztetik aplikagarri zaien araubideari erantzunez: 1) lizentziari ez atxikiriko obrak; 1) lizentziari atxikiriko obrak, baina haren ordezko salbuespenezko prozedura,
244.2 LS92 artikuluan araupetua, aplikatu dakiekeenak, eta 3) lizentziari atxikiriko obrak, salbuespenik gabeak.

State has a plurality of powers with a clear importance on the land and thus, its exercise affects zoning rules. In short, the Constitutional Court has with a general extent proclaimed the preemption of the sectorial powers in hands of State that affect zoning ordinances and rules. On the other hand, the Autonomous Communities can establish the requirement of asking their opinion about those State actions, but lacking any binding effect. From the point of view of the development rules regarding public works by the central government, three groups of works can be distinguished depending on the rules applied to the need of planning permission: 1) works that do not need it; 2) works that need it, but the requirement of permission can be excluded by means of the exceptional procedure set up in article 244.2 LS92; and 3) works that need planning permission under all circumstances.
The Role of the Empathic Function of Literature in Dismantling Stereotypes and Eliminating Discrimination in the Classroom
Authors: Ntoulia Athina
Published: March 2022

The coexistence of students in the classroom from different cultural backgrounds is a challenge. Literature as a cultural product may contribute to the cultivation of intercultural empathy and acceptance of diversity in various ways. This study examines how literature may contribute to the treatment of issues related to stereotypes, gender discrimination, and how it may eliminate prejudices in the classroom. Initially, through the bibliographic review, the effect of literature on the psycho-emotional development of the individual, the strengthening of resilience and on the development of emotional intelligence is investigated as a key element for the development of healthy interpersonal relationships. Then, this study presents the results of an action research that utilized literature to break stereotypes in a pluralistic class. The action research took place at schools in Chania (Crete, Greece), and it highlights the empathic function of literature in removing stereotypes and discrimination in the classroom through various experiential activities and cooperative role play. Literature cultivates empathy and students may get into “others' shoes’’, accepting diversity. Through structured literature-based programs, a teacher may cultivate intercultural understanding and empathy, promoting human rights and enhancing the learners as future citizens with an inclusive and humanitarian attitude.
Relationship between the Twin Deficit Hypothesis and the Inflation: Case of Turkey (2010-2019)
Authors: DOĞAN Burhan , SAYKAL Burak
Published: March 2022

Twin deficit hypothesis; It emerges when budget deficits and current account deficits are observed simultaneously. Exchange rate fluctuations have an impact on both cost inflation and consumer inflation through production costs due to Turkey's import substitution mode of production. In this study, the relationship between the twin deficit hypothesis and consumer inflation was analyzed using VAR analysis and Granger causality tests using quarterly data between the periods 2010: Q1 and 2019: Q4. According to the results obtained; while the twin deficit hypothesis was not supported in Turkey in the period discussed, it was observed that the budget deficit and current account deficit increased inflation.
El impacto de las políticas educativas y covid-19: Una revisión sistemática
Authors: Betancourt Murrugarra Yohanna , Paca Pantigoso Flabio Romeo , Flores Masias Edwar José
Published: March 2022

El objetivo del presente estudio fue conocer la respuesta del Estado en el Sector Educativo y de la comunidad educativa y analizar el impacto de las políticas educativas durante la COVID-19, a nivel de Perú, México, Colombia, Ecuador en Latinoamérica y España en Europa. METODOLOGIA.- El estudio se desarrolló siguiendo la metodología de la Declaración PRISMA; la información se recuperó principalmente de PROQUEST, EBSCO y SCOPUS. De 500 artículos seleccionados, se incluyeron 50. Criterios de inclusión: artículos de investigación, artículos científicos y estudios de caso, revisados por pares; interrelacionados con el impacto de las políticas educativas implementadas, la metodología educativa, la educación virtual, la vulnerabilidad emocional del docente y el estudiante en pandemia. RESULTADO.-Se logró reconocer los procesos de adaptación, características, ventajas y desventajas de la nueva metodología educativa alternativas, dificultades y fortalezas del entorno virtual, salud mental, empleados por la comunidad y entorno educativo. DISCUSIÓN.- Por ello se deben de utilizar las estrategias y alternativas para garantizar un proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje con calidad hacia la búsqueda de acceso y de logros equitativos, enriqueciendo experiencias que conduzcan a la implementación de un entorno educativo con nuevas políticas educativas innovadoras, adaptativa e inclusivas.
Acerca de la autonomía universitaria
Authors: Barriga Hernández Carlos , Escalante López María Emperatriz
Published: March 2022

El presente artículo pretende esclarecer el debate acerca de la autonomía de las universidades y el necesario control de la legalidad de sus actos y el control de la calidad académico-profesional de los importantes servicios del desarrollo integral del país.
Método predictivo para comprobar la efectividad de la enseñanza de la gramática en un curso remedial de inglés en una Universidad Peruana
Authors: Zevallos Valdivia María Eugenia , Gallegos Ruiz Conejo Ada Lucía
Published: March 2022

El objetivo del estudio fue el de comprobar la efectividad de un curso remedial de gramática inglesa creado por el Center For Language Studies de la Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola (Lima, Perú) a través de la aplicación de un modelo predictivo de regresión múltiple a una muestra de 987 sujetos. Previo a la construcción del modelo, se constató la causalidad de variables aplicando la prueba de dependencia probabilística y luego se procedió a verificar el cumplimiento de los supuestos de normalidad. Los resultados indicaron una bondad de ajuste del modelo predictivo de casi 70% – coeficiente de correlación = 0.697 – con respecto a la variable a explicar. Ello demostró la efectividad no solo de los instrumentos de evaluación utilizados sino de la selección y dosificación de los contenidos propuestos validando el modelo y haciéndolo aplicable a cursos similares en el futuro.
Écfrasis como análisis visual según W. J. T. Mitchell: “Still Life / Style Leaf” de Mónica Bengoa
Authors: Gerdes Palominos Michelle
Published: March 2022

La presente investigación pretende demostrar la utilidad y pertinencia del uso de la écfrasis como tropo lingüístico en el análisis de obras visuales contemporáneas que abarquen la relación entre imagen y texto, mediante el estudio de las teorías de la imagen de W. J. T. Mitchell (1942). A través del estudio de caso de la obra “Still life / Style leaf” (2014) de la artista visual chilena Mónica Bengoa (1969), se ponen a prueba estos planteamientos. Esto con la intención de enriquecer la discusión artística, desde el punto de vista lingüístico, y ampliar los márgenes de estudio más allá de los límites de la perspectiva formalista e historiográfica dominante; aportando la écfrasis como herramienta alternativa y complementaria al análisis visual tradicional, en base a una perspectiva teórica concreta, con tal de evitar la especulación.
Transformando los desperdicios en arte participativo: Trash art + Patrimonio
Authors: Prieto Martín José , Ruiz Capellán Vega
Published: March 2022

El objeto de esta investigación es el proyecto-proceso artístico, educativo, colaborativo y de autoría compartida, que promueve la reutilización de materiales de desecho de forma individual y colectiva. Su marco teórico relaciona dos conceptos: la Educación Artística, centrada en el conocimiento del patrimonio mudéjar turolense y del arte contemporáneo (Trash Art); y, la Educación Ambiental, centrada en la problemática medioambiental contemporánea, buscando formas de solventarla y, de favorecer algunos Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible de la agenda 2030. Comenzó a desarrollarse en 2018 concluyendo en 2021. Sus resultados son fruto de un trabajo colaborativo y participativo de 200 personas (docentes, estudiantes universitarios, escolares, artistas y gestores culturales) se han mostrado en cuatro exposiciones. Además, durante estos tres años hemos ido haciendo una puesta en común de los progresos de la investigación presentado ponencias en varios congresos académicos y en eventos.

La finalidad de esta actividad es favorecer la reflexión personal sobre nuestros hábitos relativos al reciclaje; transformar los desperdicios en arte de la comunidad; y, sensibilizar a los participantes en temas relacionados con la sostenibilidad y la gestión de residuos para fomentar los valores ambientales (3R) y, para aproximarlos al arte contemporáneo (Trash Art) y, al patrimonio artístico de Teruel (Bestiario de la techumbre mudéjar de la catedral).
Mujeres del área científico-técnica pensionadas por la Junta de Ampliación de Estudios
Authors: Núñez-Valdés Juan
Published: March 2022

En este artículo se dan unas breves biografías de algunas de las mujeres pensionadas por la Junta de Ampliación de Estudios en las primeras tres décadas del siglo XX que viajaron al extranjero para ampliar su formación en diferentes disciplinas del área científico-técnica, como Física, Química, Ciencias Naturales (actuales Biología, Geología y afines), Matemáticas, Ingenierías y Arquitectura. El objetivo es el de dar a conocer a estas mujeres ante la sociedad (solo muy pocas de ellas lo son en la actualidad) y ponerlas como ejemplos de mujeres luchadoras frente a las dificultades que las leyes vigentes de la época les ponían a la hora de realizar estudios universitarios y después, poder ejercer su profesión.
EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTATION OF PHYTO-ANTIOXIDANT (BAOBAB FRUIT PULP MEAL) ON REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF RABBIT DOES DURING HEAT STRESS
Authors: ANOH Kevin Usman , PAUL Jimmy Nsisong , AMU Udayi Mary
Published: March 2022

A study was conducted to evaluate the influence of a phyto-antioxidant (baobab fruit pulp meal; BFPM) on the reproductive performance of heat-stressed rabbits does. A total of 50 New Zealand White crosses adult rabbit does of 12 months old were used in the present study. The rabbits were randomly allotted into five experimental treatment groups, with ten rabbits per treatment in a completely randomized design. The rabbits were fed diets supplemented with graded levels (0.0%, 2.5%, 3.5%, 4.5% and 5.5%) of BFPM. Parameters monitored were thyroxin and progesterone secretion, serum metabolites, reproductive traits, and physiological performance of the kitten. Initial thyroxin, progesterone, and serum metabolite levels were low in all the treatment groups, and significantly increased during and after pregnancy. BFPM significantly improved litter size and weight of litter and reduced rectal temperature of the kitten. Gestation period, kit weight at weaning, weight gain, and heart rates of kitten did not show any significant difference. It was concluded that reproductive performance of does during heat stress is enhanced by the supplementation of phyto-antioxidants and performance was higher in 5.5% inclusion level of BFPM.
DEVELOPMENT OF A REAL-TIME PCR ASSAY FOR THE RAPID DETECTION OF netB GENE IN CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS
Authors: SOO Guo Hao , TAN Jason Wei Han , ONG Hwee Ching
Published: March 2022

Necrotic enteritis (NE) has a huge economic impact in the poultry industry. Numerous studies have shown that necrotic enteritis toxin B (netB) is a key virulence factor in Clostridium perfringens strains that cause NE in chickens. Early detection of netB in C. perfringens is important to circumvent the spread of NE. In this study, we developed a novel combinatorial approach involving (i) a commercial 2-step DNA extraction kit and (ii) a real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for the detection of netB-positive C. perfringens in fecal samples. Melt curve analysis and specificity test demonstrated 100% specificity without any cross-reactivity in other bacterial species with a limit of detection of 102 cfu/g. Field validation was subsequently conducted on nine fecal composites collected from different layer houses at two commercial farms, leading to successful detection of four netB positive samples. The study presented a rapid diagnostic qPCR assay involving a 2-step DNA extraction protocol to screen for C. perfringens carrying netB gene in chicken fecal samples.
THE IMPORTANCE OF LIGHTING IN ARCHITECTURAL WORK ENVIRONMENT PROJECTS
Authors: De Oliveira Rodrigues Mirela , De Oliveira Scalise Walnyce
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this research is to understand what lighting is, the types of lighting and lamps available on the market, which factors and technical parameters should be considered to obtain adequate lighting and to develop architectural and lighting projects that value the lighting in work spaces, with differentiated and creative proposals allowing for different lighting solutions in order to improve the quality of work spaces, where the absence or excess of light causes discomfort and influences productivity. The ABNT NBR 8995-1 - lighting in work environments and the Occupational Hygiene (NHO 11) will be used as a reference to analyze the requirements to be considered to develop a good lighting project. In addition, the enhancement of lighting can contribute to work spaces with differentiated and creative architectural projects, allowing for different solutions. Lighting is always present in everyday life, whether through natural or artificial lighting, electricity or alternative sources, and the purpose of adequate lighting is to help with visual efficiency and the correct use of lighting provides several benefits to the user, such as visual safety at the time the development of activities and comfort. The effects that artificial lighting causes are direct, indirect or diffuse and there are several factors that must be taken into account regarding the proper use of lighting and lack of knowledge can cause a series of problems such as: headache, fatigue, discomfort , among others. Good lighting in the work environment provides better productivity, increasing users’ willingness, quality of life and health, reducing the risk of possible accidents or errors. The research complements with Case Studies, highlighting the benefits of a good project and the correct use of natural and artificial lighting in the work environment, as well as addressing possible alternatives that the advancement of technology makes possible, such as the use of automation in the work environment.
MEDICINAL PLANTS SOLD IN THE MARKET ADOLPHO LISBON IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF MANAUS/AM
Authors: Linduina Mendes Maia Maria
Published: March 2022

The custom of using plants for medicinal purposes is widespread throughout the world. In the Amazon region, markets and fairs play leading roles when it comes to marketing medicinal plants. This work aimed to: identify part of the diversity of medicinal plants sold in the Municipal Market Adolfo Lisboa, in the Municipality of Manaus/AM. As methodological procedures, the following strategies were used: participant observation, simplified questionnaire to local traders in order to identify the medicinal plants sold in the Adolpho Lisboa market. Result: Of the 23 plants commercialized at Mercado Adolpho Lisboa with the purpose of medicinal use obtained during the research, the families with the highest representation identified were: Lamiaceae, followed by Malvaceae, Asteraceae and Fabaceae. The plants are usually obtained from markets, street fairs in neighborhoods or home gardens. Conclusion: Thus, it is concluded that the population has extensive knowledge of medicinal plants and uses them constantly believing in their healing power, and these are marketed fresh in bundles (leaves, branches and also the whole plant as a seedling), dehydrated (dried leaves, bark, seeds, nuts) and packaged (oils), through herb traders at the Adolpho Lisboa municipal market.
Validity of vision screening program conducted by preschool teachers: An interventional study
Authors: Mezbah Uddin , Omar Rokiah , Md Isa Zaleha , Knight Victor Feizal
Published: March 2022

Background: Clear vision is crucial for effective learning among preschool children. Hence, early detection of vision impairment and prompt treatment are required to improve prognosis. Currently, limited information is available, and no program exists to screen for vision impairment among preschoolers in Bangladesh. This study aimed to validate the KieVision™ Preschool Vision Screening Kit, translated into the Bengali language, to improve vision impairment detection among preschool children.

Methods: In this prospective case–control study, 60 preschool teachers from Chittagong were randomly selected. The study group was trained to conduct vision screening among preschool children using the translated kit, whereas the control group was trained using the Chittagong Eye Infirmary and Training Complex (CEITC) School Teachers’ Training Module. Fifteen preschool children aged 4–6 years were screened by each preschool teacher and again by the optometrist.

Results: Sixty preschool teachers screened 900 children. The results showed a higher validity of vision screening findings by the preschool teachers in the study group (sensitivity, 68.00%; specificity, 92.75%) than in the control group (sensitivity 47.37%, specificity 70.39%). The level of agreement between the preschool teachers and optometrists was high for all tests (first-order agreement coefficient [AC1] ? 0.80 in the study group). The sensitivity and specificity of the visual acuity test for the study group were 59.65% and 94.15%, respectively, while in the control group it was 13.33% and 62.54%, respectively. A similar trend was noted in the general observation component and Hirschberg’s test.

Conclusions: The Bengali Language KieVision™ Preschool Vision Screening Kit can be used effectively by preschool teachers in vision screening programs to improve the identification of vision impairment among preschool children in Bangladesh.
Indications and outcomes of pediatric penetrating keratoplasty: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Abukahel Areen , Aldiwanie Ahmad S , AlRyalat Saif Aldeen , Gharaibeh Almutez M
Published: March 2022

Background: Pediatric corneal transplantation can be indicated in congenital and acquired conditions. Challenges include preoperative evaluation, multiple intraoperative obstacles, and postoperative problems in follow-up and management. This study was aimed at identifying the indications and clinical outcomes of pediatric penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) in Jordan.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in Amman, Jordan. Using the hospital’s electronic database, all medical records of patients aged < 18 years who underwent PKP between January 2004 and October 2019 were reviewed. Preoperative evaluations included best-corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA) and anterior and posterior segment examinations. Postoperative complications, BCDVA, and graft survival were examined 1 year postoperatively.

Results: A total of 149 cases of pediatric PKP were performed on 141 eyes of 118 patients with an age mean ± standard deviation (SD) of 11.44 ± 4.97 years at the time of surgery. Acquired non-traumatic corneal pathologies accounted for 65.8% of indications for PKP. The most frequent indication was advanced keratoconus (55.7%). Preoperative and 1-year postoperative BCDVAs significantly differed (P < 0.001), with 111 (74.5%) patients showing improved BCDVA, 12 (8.05%) patients showing worsened BCDVA, and 26 (17.45%) patients showing no change in BCDVA. The overall 1-year graft survival rate was 80.54%.

Conclusions: This was the largest study in Jordan involving pediatric patients who underwent PKP for various indications, showing a significant improvement in BCDVA, with a high survival rate at 1 year. Future studies with longer follow-up periods could provide stronger evidence for surgical outcomes and graft survival. Further, the option of lamellar keratoplasty in the pediatric age group should be assessed.
COVID-19 pandemic: the case of Laguna state polytechnic university community response
Authors: Arcigal Rina J.
Published: March 2022

While there are limited vaccine to prevent the coronavirus disease, chairperson of the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) also asked students and personnel to strictly follow recommended preventive actions to avoid being exposed to the virus and to prevent its spread, such as avoiding close contact with people who are sick, staying home when sick, covering mouth and nose when sneezing, cleaning and disinfecting frequently used objects, and sanitizing hands regularly. The CHED chairman added that tertiary institutions must ensure that there are adequate safeguards within the campus such as hand sanitizers and information tools such as tarpaulins showing preventive measures to take against the disease. This study specifically, intends to describe the level of responsiveness of Laguna State Polytechnic University (LSPU) in coronavirus (COVID -19) pandemic which includes: the planning phase, enhanced communication due to reports of effective human-to-human disease transmission, social distancing, pandemic period, and management of pandemic cases. Also, this research tends to develop a resulting plan outlines departments, activities, and resources that are necessity in the milestone decisions. This research also undertakes the important task of measuring the economic and social importance of different social distancing and pharmaceutical interventions that are normally adopted by the public health officials and private citizens in an effort to fight COVID-19 pandemic. These interventions may include social distancing, a prioritized governmental distribution of vaccines and antiviral medications, and pharmaceutical consumption in the private sector. Individuals may possess strong private incentives to avoid the disease, and are willing to self- impose social distancing measures. Traditional models in epidemiology and economics focus on the prevalence of the disease. Result of this study showed that LSPU promptly responded to the pandemic by going online. In record time, the administrators, staff, as well as the students moved from physical spaces that provided them with much social interactions. LSPU shift to online platforms happened and mainly driven by the academic needs of the whole academic community and had digital learning platforms in place, and the means to operate, for the continuous education of the students. As the situation continuous to develop, the administrators are taking active role in addressing both the immediate and long-term challenges related to the outbreak. The LSPU community initializing to help students with lack of access to internet connection by proving E-Bus that are deployed to different part of the community.
In vitro anticancer, antioxidant and DNA-binding study of the bioactive ingredient of clove and its isolation
Authors: Suhail Mohammad
Published: March 2022

Cancer cannot be ignored since it is the most dangerous disease because it is a major cause of death globally with 15% mortality. Researchers have been attracted to the plant-based solution of this havoc. Among all plants, Syzygium aromaticum has shown tremendous results in many aspects such as anticancer, antioxidant, and others.  All the studies that took place, were done on the plant extract only. No one goes further than this. Hence, an advanced computational chemistry-based method for the characterization and identification of the bioactive ingredients isolated from cloves was developed for the first time. First, different extracts of Syzygium aromaticum plant buds were obtained using different solvents (Water, methanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate, 50% ethanol, and hexane), then each extract was evaluated for its anticancer activity against A549 and H1299 lung cancer cell lines. The fractionation of the most active extract was done using flash chromatography. After that, anticancer evaluation of every fraction was done again. One of the obtained fractions showed the highest anticancer activity. For the identification of the most active fraction the experimental IR and NMR data of it was taken and compared with the computational IR and NMR data of 19 compounds found in cloves. Furthermore, DNA binding affinity and antioxidant activity of the fraction showing the highest anticancer activity were also studied. The presented method of the isolation of the most bioactive ingredient will be the most helpful for all the scientists working in the field of separation science and phytomedicine.
Kinetic studies and adsorptive removal of chromium Cr(VI) from contaminated water using green adsorbent prepared from agricultural waste, rice straw
Authors: Islam Izaz Ul , Ahmad Mushtaq , Ahmad Maqbool , Rukh Shah , Ullah Ihsan
Published: March 2022

Water pollution caused by heavy metals is of great concern because of rapid industrialization, lack of wastewater treatment, and inefficient removal of these metals from wastewater. The present project was designed to develop a green adsorbent from rice straw and to investigate it for the removal of chromium from chromium-contaminated water. Rice straw biochar was prepared and then modified with FeCl3·6H2O and FeSO4·7H2O to enhance its Cr removal efficiency. Modified and unmodified biochar were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Batch sorption experimentations were performed to inquire about adsorption kinetics, isotherms, and Cr(VI) adsorption mechanism onto iron-modified rice straw biochar (FMRSB). The results specified that the apex adsorption capability of the adsorbent for chromium was 59 mg/g and the maximum removal efficacy was 90.9%. Three isotherm models, Sips, Freundlich, and Langmuir models were applied to the experimental data. Among them, the Sips isotherm model reveals the most excellent fitting with a maximum correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.996) that was adjusted to the experimental data. Regarding kinetic studies, the Pseudo second-order (PSO) exhibits the best fitting with a higher correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.996). The kinetic equilibrium data expressed that the adsorption of Cr(VI) on the FMRSB surface was chemisorption. The mechanism of adsorption of Cr(VI) on FMRSB was predominantly regulated by anionic adsorption through adsorption coupled reduction and electrostatic attraction. The present study demonstrated that the use of modified biochar prepared from agricultural wastes is an environmentally safe and cost-effective technique for the removal of toxic metals from polluted water.
Editorial Board
Authors: Arslan Hakan
Published: March 2022

Editorial Board
Graphical Contents
Authors: Arslan Hakan
Published: March 2022

Graphical Contents
Reply to Gertjan Plets and Marin Kuijt
Authors: Maas Ad
Published: March 2022

This reply is based on the ‘online first’-version of the article ‘Gas, Oil and Heritage: Well-oiled Histories and Corporate Sponsorship in Dutch Museums (1990-2021)’, BMGN – Low Countries Review (Online first 2021) 1-28 by Plets and Kuijt, published in September 2021. The page numbers and footnotes mentioned in this reply therefor refer to the online first article. You can find this version here, https://bmgn-lchr.nl/article/view/7028/online-first. An amended version of Plets and Kuijt’s article was published in March 2022, both online and in print, DOI: https://doi.org/10.51769/bmgn-lchr.7028.
Reply to Ad Maas
Authors: Kuijt Marin , Plets Gertjan
Published: March 2022

The page numbers and footnotes mentioned in this reply refer to the ‘online first’-version of the article ‘Gas, Oil and Heritage: Well oiled Histories and Corporate Sponsorship in Dutch Museums (1990-2021)’, BMGN – Low Countries Review (Online first 2021) 1-28 by Plets and Kuijt, published in September 2021. You can find this version here, https://bmgn-lchr.nl/article/view/7028/online-first. A reply to this article by Ad Maas has been published here: https://doi.org/10.51769/bmgn-lchr.11658. An amended version of Plets and Kuijt’s article was published in March 2022, both online and in print, DOI: https://doi.org/10.51769/bmgn-lchr.7028.
A Matter of Method
Authors: Ducheyne Steffen
Published: March 2022

The Amsterdam-based self-educated polymath Lambert ten Kate (1674-1731) was well versed in different subjects. His contributions to the study of language and the new methods he employed to pursue it are the focus of this article. Ten Kate was well in tune with the natural philosophical developments of his day. Unsurprisingly, it has been argued that the methods he developed in the study of language were inspired by Isaac Newton’s (1643-1727) natural philosophical approach. I argue that a more nuanced understanding of the relation between Ten Kate’s methods in the study of language and Newton’s natural philosophical approach is called for.
De Amsterdamse autodidact Lambert ten Kate (1674-1731) was bedreven in verschillende disciplines. In dit artikel staan zijn bijdragen aan de studie van de taal en de nieuwe methodes die hij daartoe ontwikkelde centraal. Ten Kate volgde de ontwikkelingen binnen de natuurfilosofie op de voet. In de literatuur wordt betoogd dat de methodes die hij aanwendde bij het bestuderen van de taal geïnspireerd waren door Isaac Newtons (1643-1727) natuurfilosofische aanpak. Ik argumenteer echter dat de relatie tussen de door Ten Kate gebruikte methodes bij de studie van de taal en de natuurfilosofische benadering van Newton genuanceerder ligt.
Les microstructures des matériaux métalliques issus de fabrication additive
Authors: COLIN Christophe
Published: March 2022

Ce chapitre traite des microstructures induites par FA en se concentrant sur les quatre principales familles d’alliages métalliques : aciers, alliages base titane, base nickel ou base aluminium, et en commençant par des notions de base sur la solidification. L’origine des microstructures et leur spécificité en fonction des procédés d’élaboration y sont présentées.
Measurement Report: Tropospheric and Stratospheric Ozone Profiles during the 2019 TROpomi vaLIdation eXperiment (TROLIX-19)
Authors: Sullivan John , Apituley Arnoud , Mettig Nora , Kreher Karin , Knowland K. Emma , Allart Marc , Piters Ankie , Van Roozendael Michel , Veefkind Pepijn , Ziemke Jerry , Kramarova Natalya , Weber Mark , Rozanov Alexei , Twigg Laurence , Sumnicht Grant , McGee Thomas
Published: March 2022

Abstract. A TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) validation campaign was held in the Netherlands based at the CESAR (Cabauw Experimental Site for Atmospheric Research) Observatory during September 2019. The TROpomi vaLIdation eXperiment (TROLIX-19) consisted of active and passive remote sensing platforms in conjunction with several balloon-borne and surface chemical (e.g. ozone and nitrogen dioxide) measurements. The goal of this joint NASA-KNMI geophysical validation campaign was to make intensive observations in the TROPOMI domain in order to be able to establish the quality of the L2 satellite data products under realistic conditions, such as non-idealized conditions with varying cloud cover and a range of atmospheric conditions at a rural site. The research presented here focuses on using ozone lidars from NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center to better evaluate the characterization of ozone throughout TROLIX-19. Results of comparisons to the lidar systems with balloon, space-borne, and ground-based passive measurements are shown. In addition, results are compared to a global coupled chemistry meteorology model to illustrate the vertical variability and columnar amounts of both tropospheric and stratospheric ozone during the campaign period.
Spaceborne tropospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO2) observations from 2005–2020 over the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), China: variabilities, implications, and drivers
Authors: Yin Hao , Sun Youwen , Notholt Justus , Palm Mathias , Liu Cheng
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is mainly affected by local emission and
meteorology rather than long-range transport. Accurate knowledge of its
long-term variabilities and drivers is significant for understanding the
evolution of economic and social development, anthropogenic emission, and
the effectiveness of pollution control measures on a regional scale. In this
study, we quantity the long-term variabilities and the underlying drivers of
NO2 from 2005–2020 over the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), one of the
most densely populated and highly industrialized city clusters in China,
using OMI spaceborne observations and the multiple linear regression (MLR)
model. We have compared the spaceborne tropospheric results to surface
in situ data, yielding correlation coefficients of 0.8 to 0.9 over all
megacities within the YRD. As a result, the tropospheric NO2 column
measurements can be taken as representative of near-surface conditions, and
we thus only use ground-level meteorological data for MLR. The
inter-annual variabilities of tropospheric NO2 vertical column
density (NO2 VCDtrop) from 2005–2020 over the YRD can be
divided into two stages. The first stage was from 2005–2011, which showed
overall increasing trends with a wide range of (1.91 ± 1.50) to (6.70 ± 0.10) × 1014 molec. cm−2 yr−1
(p<0.01) over the YRD. The second stage was from 2011–2020,
which showed overall decreasing trends of (−6.31 ± 0.71) to (−11.01 ± 0.90) × 1014 molec. cm−2 yr−1
(p<0.01) over each of the megacities. The seasonal cycles of
NO2 VCDtrop over the YRD are mainly driven by meteorology
(81.01 %–83.91 %), except during winter when anthropogenic emission
contributions are pronounced (16.09 %–18.99 %). The inter-annual
variabilities of NO2 VCDtrop are mainly driven by anthropogenic
emission (69.18 %–81.34 %), except for a few years such as 2018 which
are partly attributed to meteorology anomalies (39.07 %–91.51 %). The
increasing trends in NO2 VCDtrop from 2005–2011 over the YRD
are mainly attributed to high energy consumption associated with rapid
economic growth, which causes significant increases in anthropogenic NO2 emission. The decreasing trends in NO2 VCDtrop from 2011–2020
over the YRD are mainly attributed to the stringent clean air measures which
either adjust high-energy industrial structure toward low-energy industrial
structure or directly reduce pollutant emissions from different industrial
sectors.
Estimation of sulfuric acid concentration using ambient ion composition and concentration data obtained with atmospheric pressure interface time-of-flight ion mass spectrometer
Authors: Beck Lisa J. , Schobesberger Siegfried , Sipilä Mikko , Kerminen Veli-Matti , Kulmala Markku
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Sulfuric acid (H2SO4, SA) is the key compound in atmospheric new
particle formation. Therefore, it is crucial to observe its concentration
with sensitive instrumentation, such as chemical ionisation (CI) inlets
coupled to atmospheric pressure interface time-of-flight
(APi-TOF) mass spectrometers. However, there are environmental conditions for which and physical reasons
why chemical ionisation cannot be used, for example in certain remote
places or during flight measurements with limitations regarding chemicals. Here, we
propose a theoretical method to estimate the SA concentration based on
ambient ion composition and concentration measurements that are achieved by
APi-TOF alone. We derive a theoretical expression to estimate the SA
concentration and validate it with accurate CI-APi-TOF observations. Our
validation shows that the developed estimate works well during daytime in
a boreal forest (R2=0.85); however, it underestimates the SA
concentration in, e.g. the Antarctic atmosphere during new particle formation
events where the dominating pathway for nucleation involves sulfuric acid
and a base (R2=0.48).
A relaxed eddy accumulation (REA) LOPAP system for flux measurements of nitrous acid (HONO)
Authors: von der Heyden Lisa , Wißdorf Walter , Kurtenbach Ralf , Kleffmann Jörg
Published: March 2022

Abstract. In the present study a relaxed eddy accumulation (REA) system for the quantification of vertical fluxes of nitrous acid (HONO) was developed and tested. The system is based on a three-channel long-path absorption photometer (LOPAP) instrument, for which two channels are used for the updrafts and downdrafts, respectively, and a third one for the correction of chemical interferences. The instrument is coupled to a REA gas inlet, for which an ultrasonic anemometer controls two fast magnetic valves to probe the two channels of the LOPAP instrument depending on the vertical wind direction. A software (PyREA) was developed, which controls the valves and measurement cycles, which regularly alternates between REA, zero and parallel ambient measurements. In addition, the assignment of the updrafts and downdrafts to the physical LOPAP channels is periodically alternated, to correct for
differences in the interferences of the different air masses. During the
study, only small differences of the interferences were identified for the
updrafts and downdrafts excluding significant errors when using only one
interference channel. In laboratory experiments, high precision of the two
channels and the independence of the dilution-corrected HONO concentrations
on the length of the valve switching periods were demonstrated. A field campaign was performed in order to test the new REA-LOPAP system at
the TROPOS monitoring station in Melpitz, Germany. HONO fluxes in the range
of -4×1013 molecules m−2 s−1 (deposition) to
+1.0×1014 molecules m−2 s−1 (emission) were
obtained. A typical diurnal variation of the HONO fluxes was observed with
low, partly negative fluxes during night-time and higher positive fluxes
around noon. After an intensive rain period the positive HONO emissions
during daytime were continuously increasing, which was explained by the
drying of the uppermost ground surfaces. Similar to other campaigns, the
highest correlation of the HONO flux was observed with the product of the
NO2 photolysis frequency and the NO2 concentration
(J(NO2)⋅[NO2]), which implies a HONO formation by photosensitized conversion of NO2 on organic surfaces, such as humic
acids. Other postulated HONO formation mechanisms are also discussed but
are tentatively ranked being of minor importance for the present field
campaign.
Arecibo measurements of D-region electron densities during sunset and sunrise: implications for atmospheric composition
Authors: Baumann Carsten , Kero Antti , Raizada Shikha , Rapp Markus , Sulzer Michael P. , Verronen Pekka T. , Vierinen Juha
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Earth's lower ionosphere is the region where terrestrial weather and space weather come together. Here, between 60 and 100 km altitude, solar radiation governs the diurnal cycle of the ionized species. This altitude range is also the place where nanometersized dust particles, recondensated from ablated meteoric material, exist and interact with free electrons and ions of the ionosphere. This study reports electron density measurements from the Arecibo incoherent scatter radar being performed during sunset and sunrise conditions. An asymmetry of the electron density is observed with higher electron density during sunset than during sunrise. This asymmetry extends from solar zenith angles (SZA) of 80 to 100°. This D-region asymmetry can be observed between 95 and 75 km altitude. The electron density observations are compared to the one-dimensional Sodankylä Ion and Neutral Chemistry (SIC) model and WACCM-D, a GCM incorporating the SIC ion chemistry. Both models also show a D-region sunrise/sunset asymmetry. However, WACCM-D compares slightly better to the observations than SIC especially during sunset when the electron density gradually fades away. An investigation of the electron density continuity equation reveals a higher electron ion recombination rate than the fading ionization rate during sunset. The recombination reactions are not fast enough to closely match the fading ionization rate during sunset resulting in excess electron density. At lower altitudes electron attachment to neutrals and their detachment from negative ions play a significant role in the asymmetry as well. A comparison of a specific SIC version incorporating meteoric smoke particles (MSPs) to the observations revealed no sudden changes in electron density as predicted by the model. However, the expected electron density jump (drop) during sunrise (sunset) occurs at 100° SZA when the radar signal is close to the noise floor, making a clear falsification of MSPs influence on the D-region impossible.