bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Georges Demenÿ et l’analyse des mouvements de la parole ou en venir à « jouer du sourd comme on joue de l’orgue de barbarie »
Authors: Séguillon Didier
Published: October 2024

Au cours des années 1891-1892, une expérience originale de chronophotographie de la parole a lieu conjointement à la Station physiologique du Parc des Princes et à l’Institution nationale des sourds-muets de Paris. Elle est menée par Georges Demenÿ qui va alors étudier les mouvements de la bouche pendant la parole au moyen de chronophotographies de visages de « parleurs ». Cette expérience lui permettra de développer le premier appareil de projection d’images et le lancera quelque temps après dans une aventure commerciale qui se soldera par un échec. Si aujourd’hui le nom de Georges Demenÿ est essentiellement associé à la gymnastique, qui devient à cette époque éducation physique, et s’il peut en être considéré comme le père scientifique , il est avant tout un biomécanicien et un physiologiste tout comme un personnage associé à l’invention du cinéma dès sa conceptualisation.
Performance macroéconomique et soutenabilité : un outil macroéconométrique d’aide à la décision pour la Nouvelle-Calédonie
Authors: Zugravu-Soilita Natalia , Mathieu Laurent
Published: October 2024

Les Objectifs de développement durable, ainsi que les engagements politiques pour des économies décarbonées portés par l’Accord de Paris, imposent à l’ensemble des pays un agenda en faveur d’une trajectoire de développement soutenable. Cette urgence est d’autant plus visible dans les économies insulaires, puisque ce sont les premières à subir les effets des dérèglements climatique et écologique. Dans de telles conditions, est-il possible de conserver un modèle de développement économique prospère, ou bien faut-il envisager de construire un modèle de développement soutenable, s’il existe ? Nous proposons de répondre à ces interrogations à l’aide d’un modèle macroéconométrique de projection appliqué à la Nouvelle-Calédonie. L’objectif d’un tel outil est de proposer un dialogue de politique publique ambitieux construit autour de différents scénarios.
Les régions ultrapériphériques de l’Union européenne sont-elles toujours en retard de développement ?
Authors: Hermet François , Bourdin Sébastien , Jean-Pierre Philippe
Published: October 2024

Les études sur l’efficacité de la politique de cohésion sont nombreuses dans la littérature. Pour autant, ces analyses excluent systématiquement les régions ultrapériphériques (RUP) de l’Union européenne. Or, compte tenu des enjeux spécifiques qui se posent dans ces régions (hyper-éloignement, pauvreté, dépendance au commerce extérieur), il semble important de pouvoir identifier si elles ont réduit leurs écarts de développement vis-à-vis du reste des régions européennes. À partir d’une étude en coupes transversales et explorant les données de panel, nous testons l’existence d’une β -convergence pour 242 régions entre 2003 et 2021. Il apparaît qu’après plusieurs décennies de subventions reçues au titre des Fonds européens structurels et d’investissement, les RUP continuent d’être en retard de développement comparées au reste du continent européen.
Sobre el origen y biografía de Diego Polo el Menor. Aportación documental y estudio
Authors: Cueto Martínez-Pontrémuli José Luis
Published: October 2024

En este trabajo desvelamos el lugar de nacimiento del pintor Diego Polo Merino, conocido por la historiografía como Diego Polo el Menor, y nos acercamos a su vida profesional y familiar a partir de los documentos inéditos localizados, que permiten replantear varios aspectos de su enigmática personalidad.
“El Arte en España” o la colección fotográfica de la Exposición Internacional de Barcelona (1929) del CSIC: un ejemplo bibliográfico de su utilidad
Authors: Zabala Jon
Published: October 2024

Se presenta esta inédita colección fotográfica sobre arte y arqueología que, en 1943, el Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas compró a Joaquín Montaner, antiguo director de la muestra artística de la Exposición Internacional de Barcelona de 1929. A través de un ejemplo bibliográfico, centrado en el análisis de las imágenes más antiguas y completas que se conocen del códice único del Cantar de mio Cid, se destaca su singularidad, unicidad e importancia iconográfica para la investigación sobre, al menos, 3359 objetos patrimoniales (de los 4899) que fueron expuestos y fotografiados durante el certamen.
«Values Evaluation Method» to assist in the decision-making process for intervention on architectural heritage
Authors: Benchenni Fatima , Mebrouki Abdelkader , Monjo-Carrió Juan
Published: October 2024

A method of analysis of heritage values (VEM - Values Evaluation Method) as criteria for intervention in existing buildings is presented. It is based on the authenticity of the values and on the integrity and functionality of the building. A matrix of values has been prepared that allows their parameterization and weighting, as well as the proposal of possible interventions for their recovery. Here we carry out the application of the method to a series of interventions already made to verify the effectiveness of the method. Eleven cases of buildings in two countries (Algeria and Spain) have been selected, on which there are previous studies and total or partial interventions. The buildings are briefly presented and the application of the methodto these buildings is compared with the actual interventions. The great similarity between them allows us to confirm the effectiveness of the VEM as a tool for decision-making prior to the intervention.
El diseño arquitectónico en la prefabricación pesada. Oriol Bohigas y el debate sobre la industrialización de la construcción (1960-80)
Authors: Lopes Dias Tiago
Published: October 2024

El siguiente artículo tiene por objetivo analizar el debate que se produjo en torno a la industrialización de la construcción en la España de las décadas de 1960 y 1970. Tiene como hilo conductor un proyecto habitacional de Martorell, Bohigas y Mackay que utiliza paneles de hormigón prefabricados. La introducción y el primer apartado sirven para presentar las ideas de Oriol Bohigas sobre los sistemas industrializados y las decisiones del estudio relativas al diseño arquitectónico. Los dos apartados centrales procuran ampliar el debate, dividido en dos periodos (hasta principios de los años sesenta y hasta finales de los setenta) con énfasis en el pensamiento teórico y la acción crítica de Bohigas. Además de enfocar el tema desde una perspectiva diferente, el artículo pretende poner en relieve una faceta poco explorada de la poliédrica obra del arquitecto catalán.
3D constructing: Exploring the potential of 3D concrete and clay printing with generative design for architectural innovation
Authors: Alonso Madrid Javier , Sotorrio Guillermo , Olsson Nils , Tenorio José Antonio
Published: October 2024

The architectural and construction sectors are experiencing a transformative shift with the advent of 3D constructing. This research delves into the potential of 3D printing technologies when combined with generative design principles to reshape traditional construction methods. Through a comprehensive lens, the study evaluates the generative design workflow, decision-making algorithms, machines capacities and material considerations. Results indicate that, when synergized with generative design, these technologies offer sustainable, efficient, and tailored solutions. The use of accesible materials, such as clay and cement, demonstrates their superiority over conventional alternatives. However, the challenge lies in harmoniously integrating these innovations into architectural practice, ensuring a balance between cutting-edge advancements and practical application. Conclusively, this new approach heralds a future of sustainable and user-centric design, but its full potential can only be tapped with a holistic strategy that encompasses both design and material facets.
Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Organizational Performance of Agritech Firm
Authors: Ganeshkumar C. , Sankar Jeganathan Gomathi , David Arokiaraj
Published: October 2024

Agriculture, vital for all human activities, contends with global challenges of population growth and resource competition. Technological advancements like ICT, AI, machine learning, and blockchain can tackle sectoral issues. This study focuses on AI's impact on organizational performance, particularly in AgriTech. Executives of Bangalore-based AgriTech firms employing AI were surveyed via a self-administered questionnaire, comprising both quantitative and qualitative inquiries on AI's impact on value chain performance. The study utilized a simple random sampling method and statistical analyses including Chi-square, ANOVA, correspondence analysis, and simple mean to analyze the data. The study found that AI benefits and its potential significantly boost the value chain performance of AgriTech enterprises. Focusing on AI advantages and future prospects can greatly enhance organizational performance, indirectly impacting overall efficiency through improved value chain operations. Managers are advised to prioritize AI integration for better company performance.
Violência sexual na criança e no adolescente
Authors: Francioli André Víctor Souza , Neves Leonardo Vicente Fay , Santos João Vitor Cassorielo dos , Souza Lucas Gonçalves de , Miguel Edson Roberto Arpini
Published: October 2024

O presente estudo apresenta as principais características do perfil epidemiológico da violência sexual em crianças e adolescentes da região metropolitana de Maringá-PR, visando comparar os dados com a literatura e demais regiões do país. Foi realizado um estudo observacional, descritivo a partir de informações da vítima, do agressor e do crime, registrados em formulário próprio, considerando como critério de inclusão, pessoas de até 18 anos incompletos que deram entrada no IML de Maringá, com a referida queixa. Foram analisados 308 prontuários sendo 167 (54%) de conjunção carnal e 141 (46%) de ato libidinoso, verificando-se a confirmação do crime em 50% dos prontuários, tendo como uma das principais características que mais da metade (51,3%) dos casos ocorreram na residência da própria vítima. Conclui-se após análise comparativa do presente estudo com os dados nacionais que além de se tratar de um problema de saúde pública, o mesmo está tendo um suporte muito aquém de suas reais necessidades de um diagnóstico adequado, gerando prejuízos para a aplicação de ações que possam reduzir os danos causados por ações de violência sexual para estas vítimas.
Saúde Pública e interprofissionalidade:
Authors: Gabella Júlia Loverde , Silva Neri Beatriz Alves da , Tibilette Milena Saravy , Nunes Júlia Calvo , Oliveira Afonso Luíz de , Coelho Talitha Priscila Cabral
Published: October 2024

A experiência que relatamos neste texto foi realizada ao longo do primeiro semestre de 2018, na disciplina de Atenção em Saúde, ofertada pela Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) aos calouros que futuramente poderão atuar na Atenção Básica por cursarem Biomedicina, Educação Física, Enfermagem, Farmácia, Medicina, Odontologia ou Psicologia.A oportunidade dessa vivência foi criada graças aos incentivos do Programa Nacional de Reorientação da Formação Profissional em Saúde (Pró-Saúde), articulado ao contexto nacional de fortalecimento da integração ensino, serviço e comunidade. Trata-se de uma proposta de formação do trabalhador que consolida e aprofunda o compromisso com a multidisciplinaridade.
Ed Editorial
Authors: Velho Ana Paula Machado
Published: October 2024

A revista é um meio de comunicação que expressa manifestações mais sérias e racionais. Um periódico, enquanto veículo de comunicação científica possibilita a disseminação da produção científica, maximizando o uso, a visibilidade e o impacto desta produção, além de contribuir para apoiar a avaliação das atividades de pesquisa.
Temas de Análises Clinicas 1
Authors: Boer Cinthia Gandolfi , Consolaro Márcia Edilaine Lopes , Mendonça Patrícia de Souza Bonfim de , Melo Gessilda , Machinski Junior Miguel , Ferracioli Katiany Rizzieri Caleffi , Gomes Mônica Lúcia , Bertolini Dennis Armando , Pinge-Filho Phileno , Nakamura Celso Vataru , Bertolini Dennis Armando , Hernandes Luzmarina , Kioshima Erika Seki , Cardoso Rosilene Fressatti , Sant´Ana Débora de Mello Gonçales , Tognim Maria Cristina Bronharo , Lonardoni Maria Valdrinez Campana , Stefano Elizandra Aparecida Britta
Published: October 2024

A presença de células endocervicais ou metaplásicas escamosas no esfregaço de Papanicolaou é uma indicação que a zona de  transformação foi amostrada, sendo considerado um indicador da qualidade da amostra
Temas de Biotecnologia
Authors: Oliveira Arildo José Braz de , Matioli Graciette , Gonçalves Regina Aparecida Correia , Miyoshi Juliana Harumi , Santos Gabriela Lafayne Okonski Dos , Toller Laira Machado Brandão , Ferrarezi Arthur Antunes , Gonçalves Maria Amélia
Published: October 2024

Plantas do tipo especiarias possuem grande influência na história do mundo, pois eram itens valiosos de troca e comércio como fontes monetárias. Dentre as ervas aromáticas estão o Ocimum basilicum L. e Ocimum minimum L. (Lamiaceae), mais conhecidas por manjericão, são nativas da região asiática, mas já foram introduzidas mundialmente e no Brasil possuem importância econômica. O manjericão apresenta propriedades antimicrobianas, antioxidantes, anti-inflamatória, citotóxica, as raízes são descritas com propriedades antimaláricas e antidiabéticas. O cultivo em hidroponia é uma técnica sem solo, onde as raízes ficam suspensas em meio líquido, recebendo os nutrientes necessários para o desenvolvimento da planta.
Temas de Farmacognosia e Fitoquímica
Authors: Sbrana Derick Luis Alves , Moura Vagner Marques de , Mello João Carlos Palazzo de , Lima Marli Miriam Souza , Santos Samile Fabrício dos , Ribeiro Andre Bueno , Almeida Nascimento Franciele de , Mendes Giovana Fagundes
Published: October 2024

A alta concentração de polifenóis em alguns alimentos é diretamente proporcional ao seu efeito protetor do sistema cardiovascular, como no caso do chá verde, uva e cacau. Sabendo que a epicatequina é o polifenol majoritário nestas espécies, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática para avaliar o seu efeito na pressão arterial (PA) e em fatores de risco associados à doença cardiovascular
Oral prevalence of Candida in adolescents on removable orthodontic appliance therapy at Dental Teaching Hospital, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka – A pilot study
Authors: Wijerathna A. A. W. M. , Weerasekera W. B. M. C. R. D. , Jayawardene K. L. T. D. , Ratnapreya S. , Bandara H. M. H. N.
Published: October 2024

Orthodontic appliances provide a favourable niche for biofilm formation, compromising oral hygiene practices. Numerous studies reported the effects of fixed orthodontic appliance therapy on Candida carriage. This study aimed to assess oral carriage of Candida species in a group of Sri Lankan adolescents wearing Removable Orthodontic Appliances (ROAs). Thirty adolescents aged between 10-16 years wearing ROAs (provided at the Orthodontic clinic, Dental Teaching Hospital, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka) and thirty healthy adolescents not undergoing any orthodontic treatment (same age group), were included as test and control groups. Oral rinses from each individual were collected and cultured on CHROMagar for 48 hours. Resultant colonies were counted, and species level identification of Candida was done according to the colour of the colonies on CHROMagar and Candida albicans was confirmed with a germ tube test. Candida growth was detected in 50% oral rinses collected from adolescents wearing ROAs and 30% oral rinses collected from non-ROA wearers. There was no statistically significant difference in Candida isolation between the two groups (p = 0.114). The most frequently isolated Candida species from both groups was Candida albicans (66.7% in the test group and 77.8% in the control group). ROA therapy had no significant effect on oral Candida colonisation in this sample. Regardless of the appliance wear, C. albicans was the most frequently isolated Candida species.
Case report of the use of Narrative Exposure Therapy (NET) in the management of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and comorbid disorders
Authors: Aththanayaka A. L. D. M. , Sannasuriya D. M. C. , Pandithakoralage S. C.
Published: October 2024

No abstract available
Disability, cognitive impairment and depression in patients with Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) – A Prospective Study
Authors: Tavaragi M. S. , Patil R. , Sushma A. C. , Arunkumar C.
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Traumatic brain injuries are most commonly caused due to RTA in India, which has become the biggest killer. Physical deficits are given importance in the early phase of recovery post-head injury but it is the cognitive impairments and behavioural issues that lead to disability and prevent patients from returning back to work, causing an emotional and financial burden to families.Aims and objective: Purpose of the study was to assess for disability and cognitive impairment associated with post TBI. Also to assess for the presence and severity of depression in patients suffering from TBI.Methodology: 110 patients of TBI from the neurosurgery in-patient department, recruited from  January 2016 to June 2016 consenting to study from a tertiary care hospital are considered for assessment for a period of 6 months by follow up. Disability is assessed by using the WHO-DAS scale, cognitive impairment is assessed by the HMSE scale and severity of depression is assessed by the HAM-D scale.Results: In this study out of 110 TBI patients, 21.8% had moderate disability and 8.2% had severe disa-bility. In this study 52.6% suffered from depression and among these 25% had mild depression, 55%had moderate and 20% had severe depression.Conclusions: This is one of few studies done in south India specifically in Karnataka to assess for the disability associated with post TBI and also to assess for cognitive impairment that patients with TBI suffer post injury. TBI patients suffer from depression, cognitive impairment and significant disability, hence early assessment is required.
Update on bipolar affective disorder: Hi Bipolar! WAIT !!!! Do I really know you?
Authors: Amarakoon L. , Fernando R.
Published: October 2024

No abstract available
Calcipotriol as a daylight photodynamic therapy enhancer: a case-control study
Authors: Sonego Benedetta , Zelin Enrico , Bonin Serena , Pozzebon Tommaso , Bazzacco Giulia , Corio Andrea , Agozzino Marina , Caro Caposieno Dante Raffaele , Zalaudek Iris , Di Meo Nicola
Published: October 2024

Actinic keratoses (AKs) are common skin lesions found on sun-exposed areas and are considered potential precursors to squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). This observational case-control study evaluates the efficacy of combining traditional daylight photodynamic therapy (DL-PDT) with pre-treatment using 0.005% calcipotriol (CAL) ointment. Twenty immunocompetent male patients with grade I-II AKs on the scalp and/or face were randomized into two groups: the case group received a 14-day pretreatment with CAL ointment before DL-PDT, while the control group used a moisturizing cream. Both groups underwent a series of three DL-PDT sessions. The study utilized the Actinic Keratosis Area Severity Index (AKASI) scoring system to measure the actinic damage at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months post-treatment. Results showed a significant reduction in AKASI scores in the CAL group compared to controls, indicating that CAL pretreatment enhances the efficacy of DL-PDT. This combination treatment was well tolerated, with minimal discomfort reported. The findings suggest that incorporating CAL into the treatment regimen can improve the clearance of AKs and potentially prevent their progression to SCCs.
Theory of optimising radiation protection among diagnostic radiographers depicted as a model
Authors: Lewis Shantel , Downing Charlene , Hayre Christopher M.
Published: October 2024

Background: When radiation protection practices are suboptimal, it becomes necessary to take additional steps to optimise practices.Aim: Therefore, this study aimed to develop a model to facilitate radiation protection among diagnostic radiographers.Setting: The study was conducted in South Africa.Methods: A theory-generating design consisting of three steps was used to develop the model: (1) the central concept was identified, defined and classified; (2) relationship statements were created and (3) the model was developed, described and evaluated.Results: The model was premised on the central concept of facilitating a transformative radiation protection environment and occurs in four phases: (1) relationship, (2) working, (3) termination and (4) independent phases. The radiography manager and radiographer enter the relationship phase of the model because of discord regarding radiation protection in their department and work together to optimise radiation protection. The model’s purpose, assumptions, context, structure and process are described.Conclusion: A model to facilitate radiation protection among radiographers was conceptualised to optimise radiation protection. The model details the steps the radiography manager and radiographer take to co-create optimal radiation protection practices. Radiation protection compliance among radiographers is paramount to ethical radiography practice, and the model provides a guide to optimise radiation protection.Contribution: In any radiography department where radiation protection may be lacking, the model provides a road map of possibilities for change. Ultimately, radiation protection compliance improves patient care and outcomes.
The global COVID-19 impact on the financial services industry in South Africa
Authors: Cele Simphiwe K. , Mlitwa Nhlanhla B.W.
Published: October 2024

Background: In December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was detected in Wuhan, China. This virus quickly spread throughout different regions and was declared a pandemic late in January 2020. The spread of the virus has affected every aspect of human life as previously known.Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on the adoption of fintechs in South Africa.Method: Eighteen financial services experts were interviewed using semi-structured interviews to collect data, and ATLAS.ti 28 was used to analyse the data.Results: During the lockdowns, the industry expedited the implementation of fintech to sustain business operations. Online shopping, mobile payments, and digital banking experienced a surge in adoption as individuals steered clear of crowded stores and bank branches. The upswing in online shopping influenced the embrace of mobile payments and contactless cashless transactions. Moreover, with limited access to physical bank branches, there was a marked shift towards digital banking.Conclusion: Fintech companies have introduced consumers to alternative financial technologies. The pandemic has accelerated the adoption of fintech as an essential means of transacting and banking. One limitation of the study is its timing because it was conducted during and immediately after the pandemic, therefore, it does not account for the long-term effects of the pandemic on the financial services industry. Consequently, future research could explore the impact of COVID-19 on the industry 5-10 years after the pandemic to evaluate any significant influence on the industry’s transformation.Contribution: This study will assist the financial services industry to better respond to catastrophes such as COVID-19.
Hierarchical Structure of Small–Medium Enterprise Accidents Contributing to Legal Proceedings Resulting in Judicial Verdicts Using Interpretive Structural Modeling
Authors: Faraji Majid , Esmaeili Reza , Rismanchian Masoud , Shakerian Mahnaz
Published: October 2024

Aim:

The present study aims to identify and model factors influencing accidents in small–medium enterprises based on judicial orders.

Methods:

This study was conducted in two primary phases. The first phase involved analyzing legal documents related to work-related accidents to extract factors influencing accidents in SMEs. In the second phase, interpretive structural modeling (ISM) was employed to hierarchically model these factors and understand their relationships using ISM Excel base software. Ten experts from various Iranian universities and industrial companies participated in the study, contributing to the completion of matrices used in the ISM model.

Results:

In this study, 10 primary factors contributing to accident occurrences in SMEs were identified and categorized into three main groups: Individual factors related to the incident (comprising five subfactors), organizational factors (comprising three subfactors), and conditional factors (comprising two subfactors). The subsequent phase involved modeling the identified factors using the ISM technique. The results revealed that three factors – training, equipment-related factors, and hazardous processes or harsh environments – were placed at level 2, designating them as the key factors influencing accidents.

Conclusion:

The current research demonstrates that in SMEs, conditional and organizational factors like equipment shortcomings, hazardous processes, and insufficient training for workers are key factors in accident occurrences within these systems. Consequently, by controlling these factors, improvements in their safety conditions can be pursued.
Determining the Sound Absorption Coefficient of Bamboo Composites: Theoretical- and Laboratory-based Approaches
Authors: Irvani Hassan , Mahabadi Hassan Asilian , Khavanin Ali , Variani Ali Safari
Published: October 2024

Aim:

The use of natural fiber-based composites in various applications is increasing due to their cost-effectiveness, low density, nontoxicity, and environmental friendliness. Therefore, in this study, the acoustic performance of natural bamboo fiber composites was investigated using experimental and theoretical methods. The properties of these composites, which include affordability, low density, nontoxicity, and eco-friendliness, contribute to their growing popularity.

Methods:

In this study, three types of composites with a density of 200 kg/m3 and thicknesses of 50 mm were fabricated. The normal incidence absorption coefficient was directly measured using the impedance tube method based on the ISO 10534-2 standard. In addition, for predicting the sound absorption coefficient of the composites, the software COMSOL and the Miki and Attenborough models were utilized.

Results:

The results indicate that for samples F (fine fiber) and F-C (fine coarse fiber), the average sound absorption above 1000 Hz is 0.8. The sound absorption values in sample C (coarse fiber) were lower than those in samples F and F-C. In addition, the mathematical models of Miki and Attenborough can predict the acoustic behavior of the samples to some extent, with the Attenborough model providing higher accuracy in its predictions.

Conclusion:

The results of this study demonstrate that a composite composed of natural bamboo fibers can be used as a sound-absorbing material for noise control purposes, while also contributing as a green technology replacing natural fibers with synthetic fibers.
Effect of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, Salicylic Acid, and Drought Stress on Mazut Biodegradation Efficiency in a Pb- and Zn-Polluted Soil Under Cultivation of the Pinto Bean Inoculated with Piriformospora indica
Authors: Baghaie Amir Hossein , Khosravi-Dehkordi Ardeshir
Published: October 2024

Aims:

Today, remediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals and petroleum compounds is one of the major environmental problems. This research was done to investigate the effect of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNs) and foliar application of salicylic acid (SA) on biodegradation of mazut in the Pb- and Zn-polluted soil under cultivation of the pinto bean inoculated with Piriformospora indica (P.indica).

Methods:

Treatments included applying MWCNs (0 and 2 % (W/W)) in the soil that was naturally polluted with Pb and Zn, foliar application of salicylic acid at the rate of 0 and 1.5 mmol/lit on the plants inoculated with P.indica under drought stress. In addition, the studied soil was polluted with mazut at the rate of 0% and 6% (w/w). After 3 months, plants were harvested and the plant Pb and Zn, the soil Pb and Zn, and the biodegradation of mazut in the soil were also measured.

Results:

Addition of MWCNS and foliar application of salicylic acid at the rate of 1.5 mmo/lit significantly decreased the soil Pb by 14.3 and 13.3%, respectively. Plant inoculation with P. indica significantly increased the biodegradation of mazut in the Pb- and Zn-polluted soil by 15.9%. However, drought stress had a negative effect on degradation of mazut in the soil.

Conclusion:

Regardless of plant expose to drought stress, using MWCNs and foliar application of SA has a positive effect on biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbon in the soil.
Consequence Analysis and Safety Assessment of an Ethylene Oxide Unit in a Petrochemical Complex
Authors: Esmaeili Sayed Vahid , Esmaeili Reza , Mohsenian Ali , Alboghobeish Ali
Published: October 2024

Aim:

This study focuses on the consequence analysis and safety assessment of an ethylene oxide (EO) unit in a petrochemical complex. This study evaluates the potential consequences of process accidents in the tankage, tank truck loading, and cylinder filling areas of an EO unit.

Methods:

The analysis was conducted using DNV’s PHAST software (2023), which models and quantifies the consequences of chemical releases by considering various factors such as material characteristics, storage tanks, weather conditions, and the number of people at risk. This study considers scenarios such as fire, flammable and toxic gas dispersion, and vapor cloud explosion.

Results:

The results provide insights into the safety measures and precautions required in different areas of the petrochemical complex. The analysis of hazard zones allows for the prioritization of protective measures and ongoing monitoring of operational hazards.

Conclusion:

This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the consequences and risks associated with the use of the EO unit in a petrochemical complex.
Creation and evaluation of a three-dimensional-printed synthetic vas deferens for microsurgical training
Authors: Joshi Parth , Jacobsohn Tamar , Polis Andrew , Shah Darshi , Gillette Brian , Schoor Richard
Published: October 2024

Introduction:

Individuals choose to undergo vasectomy reversal for a variety of reasons, including remarriage or due to the death of a child. To be proficient in this procedure, the surgeons need to be high volume and the trainees require a safe environment to develop their microsurgical skills. To overcome this challenge, we used three-dimensional (3D) printing to create a synthetic model of the vas deferens with properties similar to the human vas deferens. We distributed this model to experienced microsurgeons for evaluation.

Methods:

The vas deferens model was created using thermoplastic polyurethane filament. The filament was then infused with a foaming agent to allow for temperature-dependent tuning of the material’s stiffness. The model’s outer diameter was 1 mm and the inner lumen was 0.5 mm. Fellowship-trained male reproductive urologists were recruited from the Society for the Study of Male Reproduction website. They used our model and judged it on several factors by completing a 13-question survey.

Results:

We received completed evaluations from five microsurgeons. Eighty percent of the surgeons were able to complete a full anastomosis on the model using 9-0 and 10-0 sutures. The majority of the completed anastomoses were performed using the one-layer technique. The average responses for the model’s usefulness as a practice tool, a training tool, and overall assessment ranged from 72 to 79 out of 100. Comments for the improvement included the need for a more flexible and softer model.

Conclusions:

We created a 3D-printed synthetic vas deferens that serves as a valuable training and practice tool.
The reused-disposable scope in flexible ureteroscopy for stones as a cost-conscious approach: Reporting the outcomes of a real-world practice multicenter study of 2183 patients by the team of worldwide endourological researchers group
Authors: Gauhar Vineet , Traxer Olivier , Sabnis Ravindra B , Fong Khi Yung , Gharia Parimalsinh , Grover Rishi , Ragoori Deepak , Lim Ee Jean , Tanidir Yiloren , Mehta Amish , Gökce Mehmet Ilker , Lakmichi Mohamed Amine , Soebhali Boyke , Gadzhiev Nariman , Chew Ben H. , Somani Bhaskar Kumar , Castellani Daniele
Published: October 2024

Introduction:

We aimed to assess complications and stone-free rate of flexible ureteroscopy (FU) reusing disposable scopes (RDS) after repeated sterilization.

Methods:

Data from adults from 11 centers were retrospectively reviewed (January 2020–December 2022). Inclusion criteria were proximal ureteral/renal stone(s). All cases were performed using an RDS to save costs for patients who come from economically challenged environments. Residual fragments (RFs) were defined as single fragment ≥4 mm or multiple fragments of any size within 3 months. Continuous variables are presented as median and interquartile range.

Results:

Two thousand one hundred and eighty-three patients were included, of whom 67.0% were male. Median age was 48.0 (36–59) years. The median stone diameter was 10.2 (9–14) mm. Flash sterilization was used in 90.2% (plasma in 60.5%). Approximately, 88% had FU with an RDS used ≤2 times (12%: 3–5 times). RDS needed to be changed intraoperatively in 3.9% of cases due to its malfunction. Commonly, defects in RDS function were reported in upward (1.6%) and downward deflection (6.5%) and image quality on white balancing (4.7%). Fever >38C was seen in 13.7% of cases, and sepsis in 0.5%. RFs were found in 31.4% of cases. Lower pole (odds ratio [OR] 5.63) or pelvis stone (OR 4.67), faulty scopes (OR 12.8), and total operation time (OR 1.05) were factors associated with higher odds of RFs. Stone size (OR 1.09), positive urine culture (OR 1.67), interpolar stone (OR 1.68), and prestenting (OR 1.37) were factors associated with higher odds of fever/sepsis.

Conclusions:

RDS was used as a cost-conscious approach with a low rate of serious infections but with a high rate of RFs.
Can artificial intelligence aid the urologists in detecting bladder cancer?
Authors: Hengky Antoninus , Lionardi Stevan Kristian , Kusumajaya Christopher
Published: October 2024

Introduction:

The emergence of artificial intelligence (AI)-based support system endoscopy, including cystoscopy, has shown promising results by training deep learning algorithms with large datasets of images and videos. This AI-aided cystoscopy has the potential to significantly transform the urological practice by assisting the urologists in identifying malignant areas, especially considering the diverse appearance of these lesions.

Methods:

Four databases, the PubMed, ProQuest, EBSCOHost, and ScienceDirect were searched, along with a manual hand search. Prospective and retrospective studies, experimental studies, cross-sectional studies, and case–control studies assessing the utilization of AI for the detection of bladder cancer through cystoscopy and comparing with the histopathology results as the reference standard were included. The following terms and their variants were used: “artificial intelligence,” “cystoscopy,” and “bladder cancer.” The risk of bias was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool. A random effects model was used to calculate the pooled sensitivity and specificity. The Moses–Littenberg model was used to derive the Summary Receiver Operating Characteristics (SROC) curve.

Results:

Five studies were selected for the analysis. Pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.953 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.908–0.976) and 0.957 (95% CI: 0.923–0.977), respectively. Pooled diagnostic odd ratio was 449.79 (95% CI: 12.42–887.17). SROC curve (area under the curve: 0.988, 95% CI: 0.982–0.994) indicated a strong discriminating power of AI-aided cystoscopy in differentiation normal or benign bladder lesions from the malignant ones.

Conclusions:

Although the utilization of AI for aiding in the detection of bladder cancer through cystoscopy remains questionable, it has shown encouraging potential for enhancing the detection rates. Future studies should concentrate on identification of the patients groups which could derive maximum benefit from accurate identification of the bladder cancer, such as those with intermediate or high-risk invasive tumors.
Assessment of systemic immune-inflammatory index and other inflammatory parameters in predicting mortality in patients with acute cholecystitis: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Korkmaz İbrahim , Peri Burak , Karaali Rezan
Published: October 2024

Objective:

To investigate the effectiveness of the systemic immune- inflammatory (SII) index and other inflammatory parameters in predicting mortality among patients with acute cholecystitis (AC).

Methods:

279 Patients presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain and diagnosis of AC between September 2021 and September 2023 were included in the study. Demographic data, laboratory parameters, clinical follow-ups, and outcomes of the patients were recorded.

Results:

The mean age of the patients was (55.0±16.3) years and 36.6% were male. 63.8% Had gallbladder/choledochal stones and 49.5% underwent surgery. The mortality rate was 6.1%. Advanced age (P=0.170) and prolonged hospitalization (P=0.011) were statistically significant risk factors for mortality. Decreased lymphocyte count (P=0.020) and increased C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (P=0.033) were found to be risk factors for mortality. According to the mortality predictor ROC analysis results, the cut-off for SII index was 3 138 (AUC=0.817, sensitivity=70.5%, specificity=84.7%), the cut-off for neutrophil count was 15.28×103/ mm3 (AUC=0.761, sensitivity=52.9%, specificity=95.0%), the cut-off for leukocyte count was 19.0×103/mm3 (AUC= 0.714, sensitivity=52.9%, specificity=98.0%), cut-off for CRP was 74.55 (AUC=0.758, sensitivity=70.5%, specificity=79.0%), cut-off for aspartate transaminase (AST) was 33.0 IU/L (AUC=0.658, sensitivity=82.3%, specificity=50.3%).

Conclusions:

The SII index may be a good predictor of mortality with high sensitivity and specificity. Elevated levels of neutrophils, leukocytes, CRP, and AST are other inflammatory parameters that can be used to predict mortality associated with AC.
Opioid-free General Anesthesia and Awake Fiberoptic Intubation with Dexmedetomidine in a Class IV Obese Patient with Cervical Spondylosis
Authors: Gaiwal Sucheta , Prasad Nimitha , Palep Jaydeep
Published: October 2024

Patients with Class IV obesity (C4O) (body mass index [BMI] >50 kg/m2) are at a particularly high risk of anesthesia-related complications during the postoperative period, e.g., critical respiratory events (CREs) including respiratory arrest and oversedation, leading to problems with maintaining open airway, hypoxia, and hypercapnia. We present the case of a 67-year-old C4O (BMI 57.2 kg/m2) female patient with cervical spondylosis, scheduled for laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Preanesthesia evaluation revealed hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and obstructive sleep apnea as comorbidities. Awake fiberoptic intubation was planned because of a high potential for difficult intubation (neck circumference of 45 cm, cervical spondylosis, reduced neck mobility, and type 2 DM), using topical anesthesia and dexmedetomidine (Dex) infusion. General anesthesia was given with desflurane and muscle relaxant. “Opioid-free anesthesia,” wherein use of systemic, neuraxial, or intracavitary opioids is completely eliminated, was maintained with Dex infusion for sedation and analgesia. Reversal of anesthesia was done in Fowler’s position (FP), and after extubation, nasopharyngeal airway connected to high-flow oxygen (10 L/min) via tubing was used, which facilitated spontaneous breathing, maintaining oxygen saturation and uneventful recovery. Postoperatively, intravenous paracetamol alone was adequate for effective pain relief. The patient remained hemodynamically stable throughout the perioperative period. This case underscores the benefits of “opioid-free anesthesia” using intraoperative Dex infusion and efficacious use of nasopharyngeal airway in FP postoperatively, avoiding requirement of ventilator, in supermorbidly obese patients, reducing CREs and optimizing postoperative outcomes.
Utilisation of Atlanta Classification for Local Complications and Severity Detection of Acute Pancreatitis – A Narrative Review
Authors: Singh Varun , Mishra Gaurav Vedprakash , Tapadia Shreya
Published: October 2024

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is one of the most common acute abdominal pathologies, having varying grades of severity and presentation ranging from mild self-limiting pain in the abdomen and vomiting to severe category which consists of multiple organ failure, sepsis, fever, and severe abdominal pain and vomiting making the patient hospital-bound. Over the years, many radiological and clinical classification systems have emerged to categorize the patient severity and associated local complications to assess their prognosis and help the clinicians decide the treatment plan. Patients suffering from mild pancreatitis are treated with conservative management, whereas those with moderate-to-severe pancreatitis are dealt with minimally invasive or surgical procedures hence making it necessary to classify the patients according to their severity which further helps the clinicians and surgeons decide on treatment plans. The revised Atlanta’s (2012) classification has made a milestone change in the way we classify AP and its complications by including the presence of organ failure and local fluid collections as an essential component of severity grading. In this review article, we will be reviewing past literature and discussing the efficacy of the revised Atlanta classification (2012) in evaluating the type of pancreatitis, the presence or absence of organ failure, local complications, and its role in assessing the prognosis of the patient.
A Preexperimental Study to Find the Effectiveness of Structured Simulation-based Training on Basic Life Support among Dental Doctors, in Uttarakhand
Authors: Jelly Prasuna , Aggarwal Pradeep , Sharma Rakesh
Published: October 2024

Background:

Improving skills to provide high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) among health-care professionals is vital and may lead to a reduction in unexpected deaths due to cardiac arrest.

Aim:

The aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of basic life support (BLS) training among dental physicians.

Materials and Methods:

A preexperimental study was conducted among 97 dental doctors selected using universal sampling at the center for Professional Education (CPD), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh. The participants included faculty and postgraduate students from Seema Dental College, Rishikesh, after obtaining informed consent. A pretested, semi-structured questionnaire on BLS techniques and a feedback form was used to assess knowledge of CPR. A structured simulation-based training was given to the participants for 2 days about BLS after conducting a pretest. The training was given in small groups (10 members), and all the participants were given mandatory participation to practice the procedures before the posttest, followed by feedback on the quality of the training. Data analysis was done using statistical software.

Results:

There was a significant difference in mean scores of awareness between the pretest (13.69 ± 4.37) and posttest (22.01 ± 1.86) of the participants (P = 0.001). The majority of the participants (89.7%) felt that overall, the quality of the module was most satisfactory, intellectually stimulating, and relevant research based.

Conclusion:

There is a need for BLS training for the different cadres of health-care professionals, public volunteers, ambulance drivers, schoolteachers, students, and the general public at regular intervals. The feedback about the present training was favorable.
Insulin Resistance and Its Detection
Authors: Manwani Tamana , Wanjari Anil , Acharya Sourya
Published: October 2024

Insulin resistance is a characteristic of adiposity, metabolic disorders, and several heart disorders, and it correlates to the diabetic state. As a result, determining insulin responsiveness in animals and humans is critical for an observational study, fundamental medical and preclinical research, and therapeutic application. Directly and indirectly, approaches of varied intricacy are now employed for this purpose. Several approaches use constant glucose and insulin analysis while others use dynamic testing. Every approach has its own set of pros and cons. As a result, the best strategy to utilize and choose is determined by the nature of the current research. The sources of primary data for evaluating insulin sensitivity in vivo that has been developed were rather complicated. The hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic glucose clamps and insulin-suppressing tests assess insulin-dependent sugar consumption in constant circumstances which need effort and time. The indirect technique depends on a basic pattern recognition of regularly selected intravenously glucose tolerance testing, which is significantly less complicated. Furthermore, basic substitute measures for insulin sensitiveness/resistances are known, which are calculated from blood insulin and glucose levels in fasted (stable conditions) or just after taking sugar by mouth (dynamics). Thus, quantifiable control index of insulin sensitiveness, in an instance, has now been thoroughly verified against the gold standard of glucose clamping. Quantifiable glycemic control check indicator’s quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index an easy, reformable methodology for measuring reforms in insulin sensitivities as a result of therapeutic protocols and the onset of diabetics. Researchers address the benefits, limitations, and correct implementation of established in vivo insulin sensitivity/resistance testing in this Frontier article.
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension as a Predictor of Severity of Chronic Kidney Disease and Correlation with Its Various Stages
Authors: Sethi Mahim , Srinath K. M. , Madhu B. , Sethi Suresh Kumar , Singh Ankit
Published: October 2024

Background:

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) pulmonary hypertension (PH) presents a complex pathobiology. Individuals with end-stage kidney disease, particularly those undergoing hemodialysis (HD), face an elevated risk of PH development. Early identification of PH severity in chronic kidney disease (CKD) can facilitate timely interventions to mitigate cardiovascular mortality. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of PAH in CKD patients and explored its association with different CKD stages.

Materials and Methods:

A hospital-based cross-sectional study involving 60 CKD patients was conducted. Pulmonary arterial pressures were assessed using Doppler echocardiography, and patients were stratified into groups based on PH severity.

Results:

In our study, 86.7% of CKD patients had PAH, and their mean pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP) was 50.83 ± 9.779 mmHg. There was a significant increase in PH prevalence with advancing CKD stages (P < 0.001). Patients undergoing HD exhibited a substantial PH prevalence (63.5%) (P < 0.001) as compared to those receiving conservative treatment. Furthermore, pulmonary arterial pressures were greater in HD patients with an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) (44.2%) (P < 0.001) than in individuals with a femoral or jugular vein HD catheter.

Conclusion:

Nearly four-fifth of CKD patients had PAH. In addition, individuals undergoing dialysis with an AVF demonstrated significantly elevated pulmonary arterial pressures compared to those using a femoral or jugular vein HD catheter.