bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patient Satisfaction and Trust in Telemedicine During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Orrange Sharon , Patel Arpna , Mack Wendy Jean , Cassetta Julia
Published: April 2021

Background

Los Angeles County is a hub for COVID-19 cases in the United States. Academic health centers rapidly deployed and leveraged telemedicine to permit uninterrupted care of patients. Telemedicine enjoys high patient satisfaction, yet little is known about the level of satisfaction during a crisis and to what extent patient- or visit-related factors and trust play when in-person visits are eliminated.

Objective

The aim of this study is to examine correlates of patients’ satisfaction with a telemedicine visit.

Methods

In this retrospective observational study conducted in our single-institution, urban, academic medical center in Los Angeles, internal medicine patients aged ≥18 years who completed a telemedicine visit between March 10th and April 17th, 2020, were invited for a survey (n=1624). Measures included patient demographics, degree of interpersonal trust in patient-physician relationships (using the Trust in Physician Scale), and visit-related concerns. Statistical analysis used descriptive statistics, Spearman rank-order correlation, and linear and ordinal logistic regression.

Results

Of 1624 telemedicine visits conducted during this period, 368 (22.7%) patients participated in the survey. Across the study, respondents were very satisfied (173/365, 47.4%) or satisfied (n=129, 35.3%) with their telemedicine visit. Higher physician trust was associated with higher patient satisfaction (Spearman correlation r=0.51, P<.001). Visit-related factors with statistically significant correlation with Trust in Physician score were technical issues with the telemedicine visit (r=–0.16), concerns about privacy (r=–0.19), concerns about cost (r=–0.23), satisfaction with telemedicine convenience (r=0.41), and amount of time spent (r=0.47; all P<.01). Visit-related factors associated with patients’ satisfaction included fewer technical issues (P<.001), less concern about privacy (P<.001) or cost (P=.02), and successful face-to-face video (P<.001). The only patient variable with a significant positive association was income and level of trust in physician (r=0.18, P<.001). Younger age was associated with higher satisfaction with the telemedicine visit (P=.005).

Conclusions

There have been calls for redesigning primary care after the COVID-19 pandemic and for the widespread adoption of telemedicine. Patients’ satisfaction with telemedicine during the COVID-19 pandemic is high. Their satisfaction is shaped by the degree of trust in physician and visit-related factors more so than patient factors. This has widespread implications for outpatient practices and further research into visit-related factors and the patient-provider connection over telemedicine is needed.
Interrupting Sitting Time in Postmenopausal Women: Protocol for the Rise for Health Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hartman Sheri J , Dillon Lindsay W , LaCroix Andrea Z , Natarajan Loki , Sears Dorothy D , Owen Neville , Dunstan David W , Sallis James F , Schenk Simon , Allison Matthew , Takemoto Michelle , Herweck Alexandra M , Nguyen Bao , Rosenberg Dori E
Published: April 2021

Background

Many older adults spend the majority of their waking hours sitting, which increases their risk of chronic diseases. Given the challenges that many older adults face when engaging in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, understanding the health benefits of decreasing sitting time and increasing the number of sit-to-stand transitions is needed to address this growing public health concern.

Objective

The aim of this 3-arm randomized controlled trial is to investigate how changes in sitting time and brief sit-to-stand transitions impact biomarkers of healthy aging and physical, emotional, and cognitive functioning compared with a healthy attention control arm.

Methods

Sedentary and postmenopausal women (N=405) will be recruited and randomly assigned to 1 of the 3 study conditions for 3 months: healthy living attention control (Healthy Living), reduce sitting time (Reduce Sitting), and increase sit-to-stand transitions (Increase Transitions). Assessments conducted at baseline and 3 months included fasting blood draw, blood pressure, anthropometric measurements, physical functioning, cognitive testing, and 7 days of a thigh-worn accelerometer (activPAL) and a hip-worn accelerometer (ActiGraph). Blood-based biomarkers of healthy aging included those associated with glycemic control (glycated hemoglobin, fasting plasma insulin and glucose, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance).

Results

Recruitment began in May 2018. The intervention is ongoing, with data collection expected to continue through the end of 2022.

Conclusions

The Rise for Health study is designed to test whether 2 different approaches to interrupting sitting time can improve healthy aging in postmenopausal women. Results from this study may inform the development of sedentary behavior guidelines and interventions to reduce sitting time in older adults.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03473145; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03473145

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/28684
Development of a Mobile App to Support Self-management of Anxiety and Depression in African American Women: Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: McCall Terika , Ali Muhammad Osama , Yu Fei , Fontelo Paul , Khairat Saif
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Anxiety and depressive disorders are the most common mental health conditions among African American women. Despite the need for mental health care, African American women significantly underuse mental health services. Previous mobile health studies revealed significant improvements in anxiety or depressive symptoms after intervention. The use of mobile apps offers the potential to eliminate or mitigate barriers for African American women who are seeking access to mental health services and resources.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate the usability of the prototype of an app that is designed for supporting the self-management of anxiety and depression in African American women.

METHODS

Individual usability testing sessions were conducted with 15 participants in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Cognitive walkthrough and think-aloud protocols were used to evaluate the user interface. Eye-tracking glasses were used to record participants’ visual focus and gaze path as they performed the tasks. The Questionnaire for User Interface Satisfaction was administered after each session to assess the participants’ acceptance of the app.

RESULTS

Participants rated the usability of the prototype positively and provided recommendations for improvement. The average of the mean scores for usability assessments (ie, overall reactions to the software, screen, terminology and app information, learning, and app capabilities) ranged from 7.2 to 8.8 on a scale of 0-9 (low to high rating) for user tasks. Most participants were able to complete each task with limited or no assistance. Design recommendations included improving the user interface by adding graphics and color, adding a tutorial for first-time users, curating a list of Black women therapists within the app, adding details about tracking anxiety and depression in the checkup graphs, informing users that they can use the talk-to-text feature for journal entries to reduce burden, relabeling the mental health information icon, monitoring for crisis support, and improving clickthrough sequencing.

CONCLUSIONS

This study provides a better understanding of user experience with an app tailored to support the management of anxiety and depression for African American women, which is an underserved group. As African American women have high rates of smartphone ownership, there is a great opportunity to use mobile technology to provide access to needed mental health services and resources. Future work will include incorporating feedback from usability testing and focus group sessions to refine and develop the app further. The updated app will undergo iterative usability testing before launching the pilot study to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of the prototype.

CLINICALTRIAL
Assessment of perceived stress among dental graduates: a cross-sectional study (Preprint)
Authors: Chaudhari 3rd Dr Vaibhav A , Agrawal Sr Dr Shyam K , Mathur 2nd Dr Rachit R , Shikha 4th Dr Deep , Desai Dr Dhaval , Sharma 6th Dr Ankit
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Introduction : Stress is a significant threat that can result in physical and mental illness and may have a significant negative effect on 'students'performance and professional practice of dentistry. Elevated stress levels due to prolonged workload may precipitate fatigue, a term that describes the experience of long-term work-related exhaustion and lessens the interest. , This study aims to determine if the perceived source of stress changes along the years among dental graduates.

OBJECTIVE

Objective: To determine if perceived sources of stress have changed overthe years.

METHODS

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among dental graduates from the first year to an internship students. Dental Environment Stress (DES) questionnaire consisting of 20 questions was used for data collection. A total of 200 students filled the questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics

RESULTS

: It was observed that the most common sources of stress were academic examinationsand working on clinical years. Moreover, in the five years of the traditional curriculum, the clinical years reported the highest stress level among dentalgraduates

CONCLUSIONS

Conclusion: Findings like academic and clinical performance, low grading, unemployment, limitation in leisure time, family problems were the upmost stress-inducing factors among undergraduate of dentistry., clinical quota, family problems, staff-student relationship found less stressful. Hence students need to be addressed for the stress-coping.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not Required
Thrombosis and major bleeding risk after primary percutaneous coronary intervention among patients with multi-vessels coronary artery disease (Preprint)
Authors: Zhao Xiaoxiao , Liu Chen , Zhou Peng , Sheng Zhaoxue , Li Jiannan , Zhou Jinying , Wang Ying , Chen Runzhen , Chen Yi , Song Li , Zhao Hanjun , Yan Hongbing
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

The risk of thrombotic events (TEs), including myocardial infarction (MI) and ST, is lower in patients with acute coronary syndrome who receive dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin or who have undergone primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)

OBJECTIVE

Background and Aims The present study aimed to develop and validate separate risk prediction models for thrombosis events (TEs) and major bleeding (MB) in patients with multi-vessel coronary artery lesions who had undergone primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

METHODS

TEs were defined as the composite of myocardial infarction recurrence or ischemic cerebrovascular events, whereas MB was defined as the occurrence of bleeding academic research consortium (BARC) 3 or 5 bleeding. The derivation and validation cohorts comprised 2976 patients who underwent primary PCI between January 2010 and June 2017.

RESULTS

At a median follow-up of 3.07 years (1122 days), TEs and MB occurred in 167 and 98 patients, respectively. Independent predictors of TEs were older age, prior PCI, non-ST elevated MI (NSTEMI), and stent thrombosis (ST). Independent predictors of MB were triple therapy at discharge, coronary artery bifurcation lesions, lesion restenosis, target lesion of the left main coronary artery, and PTCA. In the derivation and validation cohorts, the areas under the curve were 0.817 and 0.820 for thrombosis and 0.886 and 0.976 for bleeding, respectively. In the derivation cohort, high thrombotic risk (n=755) was associated with a higher 3-year incidence of TEs, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), and all-cause death, compared to low risk (n=1275) (p=0.0022, 0.019, 0.012, respectively). High bleeding risk (n=1675) was associated with a higher incidence of bleeding, MACEs, cardiac death, compared to low risk (n=355) (p<0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS

Conclusion Simple risk scores can be useful in predicting the risks of ischemic and bleeding events after primary PCI, thereby stratifying thrombotic or MB risks and facilitating clinical decisions.
Effectiveness of mobile health interventions targeting parents to prevent and treat childhood obesity: a systematic review (Preprint)
Authors: Bonvicini Laura , Pingani Ilaria , Venturelli Francesco , Bassi Maria Chiara , Broccoli Serena , Ferrari Francesca , Gallelli Teresa , Panza Costantino , Vicentini Massimo , Giorgi Rossi Paolo
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Childhood obesity is a highly prevalent condition and, together with the behaviors associated with it such as improper diet and physical inactivity, generates a high burden of disease in adulthood. In recent years the use of mobile devices in support of prevention and health promotion strategies is increasing but there is limited evidence on its effectiveness.

OBJECTIVE

The present review summarizes the available evidence on the efficacy and effectiveness of mobile applications targeting parents for the prevention and treatment of childhood and adolescent obesity (ages 1-18 years).

METHODS

We updated Quelly and collaborators’ systematic review (2016) by adding articles published from 2014 to 2019 indexed in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, and ERIC.

RESULTS

A literature search identified 2149 articles, of which 11 studies (10 RCTs and one non-randomized trial) reporting 10 interventions were included. Except for one intervention based solely on the use of a mobile health app, interventions were multicomponent. The apps were mainly used to record food consumption and physical activity, to set goals, to view progress, and to provide information and behavioral support. The six studies that assessed weight status did not show any efficacy. Three studies evaluated the intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and one found a reduction in their consumption. Six studies showed some positive effects on dietary behaviors. All 11 studies reported high acceptability and feasibility of the interventions.

CONCLUSIONS

Overall, mobile health apps managed by parents showed little, if any, efficacy in controlling childhood and adolescent obesity. The different features of the apps investigated make it impossible to generalize the results. Because mobile technology is rapidly evolving, research in this field must continue.
Pre-symptomatic Incubation Model for Precision Strategies of Screening, Quarantine, and Isolation of Imported COVID-19 Cases: Modelling Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Jen Grace Hsiao-Hsuan , Yen Amy Ming-Fang , Hsu Cheng-Yang , Sjursen Harold , Chen Sam Li-Sheng , Chen Tony Hsiu-Hsi
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Pre-symptomatic imported COVID-19 cases play an important role in border control strategies for containing their further spread to community outbreaks.

OBJECTIVE

A pre-symptomatic incubation model was proposed to develop precision screening, quarantine, and isolation strategies for containing imported COVID-19 case.

METHODS

The natural history model of pre-symptomatic and symptomatic COVID-19 was constructed by using 727 imported cases of COVID-19 in Taiwan, consisting of the first pandemic period (March-June), the second containment period (July-September), and the third pandemic period (October-December) in parallel with the evolution of new virus variants. We collected the valuable information on symptomatic cases ascertained upon the arrival and the natural transition from pre-symptomatic RT-PCR detectable phase (RT-PCRDP) to symptomatic phase during 14-day quarantine period. We estimated the incidence of pre-symptomatic disease and the dwelling time from pre-symptomatic RT-PCRDP to symptomatic phase on which we were based to simulate various strategies of screening with RT-PCR test and the optimal interval of quarantine and isolation for the vaccinated and unvaccinated travelers.

RESULTS

The overall daily rate (per 100,000) of pre-symptomatic COVID-19 cases was 106 (95% CI: 95-118) in the first period (March-June), fell to 37 (95% CI: 27.9-47.2) in the second period (July-September), and resurged to 141 (95% CI: 117-164) in the third period (October-December). Given the median dwelling time, over 82% of the transition from pre-symptomatic to symptomatic phase were noted in 5-day quarantine. The length of quarantine given two tests can be reduced from 14 to 5 days for the unvaccinated traveler. It can be precisely determined by the classification of country-specific risk and may be reduced to two days or lifting, depending on country-specific risk, after vaccination.

CONCLUSIONS

Precision strategies for imported COVID-19 cases provide a solution to the trade-off between border control and re-opening to travel before vaccination to reach herd immunity worldwide.
Author's Reply to: Periodic Manual Algorithm Updates and Generalizability: A Developer’s Response. Comment on “Evaluation of Four Artificial Intelligence–Assisted Self-Diagnosis Apps on Three Diagnoses: Two-Year Follow-Up Study” (Preprint)
Authors: Ćirković Aleksandar
Published: April 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

N/A
IMAGING OF THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: April 2021

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IMAGING IN ONCOLOGY
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: April 2021

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Analisis Tentang Publikasi Ilmiah Bidang Teknologi Informasi dan Islam
Authors: Dwitawati Ima , Sabri Aulia
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang difokuskan untuk menganalisis kajian ilmiah bidang teknologi informasi dan islam. Islam merupakan agama yang menyeluruh yang merupakan pedoman bagi muslim dalam menjalankan kehidupannya di muka bumi ini. Perkembangan teknologi informasi yang sangat pesat ditandai dengan dihasilkannya sejumlah penelitian dan publikasi ilmiah dalam bidang teknologi informasi dari berbagai sudut pandang dan merupakan hasil penelitian mandiri hanya bidang teknologi informasi saja maupun lintas disiplin ilmu. Namun demikian, ditemukan bahwa penelitian bidang teknologi informasi yang berkaitan dengan islam masih sulit untuk dikenali dan memerlukan upaya penelurusan lebih lanjut. Penelitian ini dihasilkan untuk menelusuri kajian dan publikasi ilmiah teknologi informasi dan islam. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa tema kajian ilmiah teknologi informasi dan islam ditemukan dalam sudut pandang yang beragam dan pemanfaatannya juga meliputi segala sisi profesional dan personal muslim. Dalam penelitian ini ditemukan 10 (sepuluh) kajian ilmiah yang memuat tema teknologi informasi dan islam.
PENGARUH PENJUALAN BERSIH DAN BEBAN OPERASI TERHADAP LABA USAHA PADA PT. WILMAR CAHAYA INDONESIA TBK
Authors: Yusmeida Mira , Syahrul Zein Aliman
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi dengan adanya ketidaksesuaian antara teori dan fakta di lapangan yang berkaitan dengan laporan laba rugi pada PT. Wilmar Cahaya Indonesia Tbk. Dimana penjualan bersih mengalami peningkatan namun laba usaha justru mengalami penurunan, dan beban operasi yang mengalami kenaikan akan tetapi laba usaha juga mengalami kenaikan. Sedangkan berdasarkan teori ialah semakin tinggi penjualan maka keuntungan (laba) yang akan didapat akan semakin maksimal, dan apabila perusahaan dapat menekan beban operasi yang lebih rendah, maka perusahaan akan mendapatkan laba yang lebih besar. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh penjualan bersih dan beban operasi secara parsial dan simultan terhadap laba usaha pada PT. Wilmar Cahaya Indonesia Tbk. Teori yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berkaitan dengan bidang akuntansi yaitu pendekatan teori-teori pada laporan laba rugi yang memuat penjualan bersih, beban operasi, dan laba usaha. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan jenis data sekunder yang berasal dari laporan keuangan PT. Wilmar Cahaya Indonesia Tbk. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah statistik deskriptif, uji normalitas, uji asumsi klasik (uji multikolinearitas, uji autokorelasi dan uji heteroskedastisitas), uji hipotesis (uji t, uji F dan uji koefisien determinasi) dan analisis regresi linier berganda. Dengan menggunakan program SPSS versi 25 diperoleh hasil uji t (parsial) menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial terdapat pengaruh penjualan bersih terhadap laba usaha, sedangkan beban operasi tidak berpengaruh secara parsial terhadap laba usaha. Secara simultan terdapat pengaruh penjualan bersih dan beban operasi terhadap laba usaha pada PT. Wilmar Cahaya Indonesia Tbk. Kontribusi penelitian berdasarkan dari segi penjualan ialah diharapkan perusahaan dapat meningkatkan penjualannya agar meningkat pula laba yang diperoleh perusahaan tersebut. Sedangkan dari segi beban ialah laba yang maksimal dapat diperoleh dari efisien biaya yang dilakukan perusahaan.
Flaubert el coraje de la estética
Authors: Rodríguez Jaramillo Antonio
Published: April 2021

En este trabajo se retoma la idea del cinismo como actitud, la cual hace del modo de vida una manifestación de la verdad que tiene el coraje de herir. Todo ello bajo la responsabilidad del estudio y con la pretensión de estudiar la vida de Flaubert respecto a la perspectiva ético-moral y política de la verdad estética. La pregunta «¿qué tipo de experiencia histórico-crítica de la vida conduce a Flaubert a hacer de su vida un testimonio visible de la verdad del arte y, a la vez, a la producción de una obra de arte de escritura que manifiesta la verdad de manera “horrible, cruel, desnuda”?» conduce las reflexiones e inflexiones contenidas en este libro. El propósito consiste en examinar el estilo de vida de Flaubert como el lugar visible de la verdad y como la caución de una obra de arte de escritura que, diciendo la verdad, ejerce una función eminentemente contra-cultural.Este trabajo se refiere en particular al discurso estético del siglo xix, el cual fija la belleza como la verdad del ...
Resource availability is much more important than resource heterogeneity in determining the species diversity and abundance of karst plant communities
Authors: LIU Yuan , Qi Wenchao , He Danni , Xiang Yunrong , Liu Jin Chun , Huang Huimin , Chen Miao , Tao Jian
Published: April 2021

Resource availability and heterogeneity are recognized as two essential
environmental aspects to determine species diversity and community
abundance. However, how resource availability and heterogeneity
determine species diversity and community abundance in highly
heterogeneous and most fragile karst landscapes is largely unknown. We
examined the effects of resource availability and heterogeneity on plant
community composition and quantified their relative contribution by
variation partitioning. Then, a structural equation model (SEM) was used
to further disentangle the multiple direct and indirect effects of
resource availability on plant community composition. Species diversity
was significantly influenced by the resource availability in shrubland
and woodland but not by the heterogeneity in woodland. Abundance was
significantly affected by both resource availability and heterogeneity,
whereas variation partitioning results showed that resource availability
explained the majority of the variance in abundance, and the
contribution of resource heterogeneity was marginal. These results
indicated that resource availability plays a more important role in
determining karst plant community composition than resource
heterogeneity. Our SEMs further found that the multiple direct and
indirect processes of resource availability in determining karst species
diversity and abundance were different in different vegetation types.
Resource availability and heterogeneity both played a certain role in
determining karst plant community composition, while the importance of
resource availability far exceeded resource heterogeneity. We propose
that steering community restoration and reconstruction should be highly
dependent on resource availability, and multiple direct and indirect
pathways of resource availability for structuring karst plant
communities need to be taken into account.
Modelling Renal Filtration and Reabsorption Processes in a Human Glomerulus and Proximal Tubule Microphysiological System
Authors: Zhang Stephanie , Mahler Gretchen
Published: April 2021

Kidney microphysiological systems (MPS) serve as valuable preclinical
instruments in recapitulating physiological conditions and determining
underlying interactions involved in renal clearance and osmoregulation.
Current kidney MPS models target individual regions of the nephron, such
as the glomerulus and proximal tubule, but fail to incorporate multiple
filtration and absorption interfaces. In the current study, an in vitro
MPS features key filtration and reabsorption properties of the human
glomerulus and proximal tubule for seven days of operation. Three
human-derived cell types, including the conditionally immortalized human
podocytes (CIHP-1), human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and
human proximal tubule cells (HK-2), were adapted to serum-free medium
prior to being seeded into the three-component MPS (T-Junction splitter,
glomerular housing unit, and parallel proximal tubule barrier model),
which was optimized using in silico computational modeling. The
tri-culture MPS successfully filtered blood serum protein, resorbed
glucose, and generated filtrate. This glomerulus and proximal convoluted
tubule MPS is a novel system for both human-relevant testing and
examining pharmacokinetic interactions.
Species boundaries in the messy middle -- testing the hypothesis of micro-endemism in a recently diverged lineage of coastal fog desert lichen fungi
Authors: Jorna Jesse , Linde Jackson , Searle Peter , Jackson Abigail , Nielsen Mary-Elise , Nate Madeleine , Saxton Natalie , Grewe Felix , Herrera-Campos María de los Angeles , Spjut Richard , Wu Huini , Ho Brian , Leavitt Steven , Lumbsch Thorsten
Published: April 2021

Species delimitation among closely related species is challenging
because traditional phenotype-based approaches, e.g., morphology,
ecological, or chemical characteristics, often produce conflicting
results. With the advent of high-throughput sequencing, it has become
increasingly cost-effective to acquire genome-scale data which can
resolve previously ambiguous species boundaries. As the availability of
genome-scale data has increased, numerous species delimitation analyses,
such as BPP and SNAPP+Bayes factor delimitation (BFD*), have been
developed to delimit species boundaries. However, even empirical
molecular species delimitation approaches can be biased by confounding
evolutionary factors, e.g., hybridization/introgression and incomplete
lineage sorting, and computational limitations. Here we investigate
species boundaries and the potential for micro-endemism in a lineage of
lichen-forming fungi, Niebla Rundel & Bowler in the family
Ramalinaceae. The species delimitation models tend to support more
specious groupings, but were unable to infer robust, consistent species
delimitations. The results of our study highlight the problem of
delimiting species, particularly in groups such as Niebla, with complex,
recent phylogeographic histories.
Should I Install LaTeX , MiKTeX or TexStudio?
Authors: Christian Ibiloye Abiodun
Published: April 2021

In various guises, this is a common question, seemingly innocent, but
actually betraying a fundamental confusion about LaTeX directory, and
the levels of operation in the TeX World; concepts, distributions,
distributions, variants and the TeX family and friends (i.e., users,
contributors, dependent and extended language & softwares). TeX is a
typesetting language developed by Donald E. Kunth, today’s worldwide de
facto standard for high quality document typesetting.  LateX is a Tex
based typesetting system and collection of macros for document
compilation and publication - not a word processor. MiKTeX is a compiler
and an  Windows O/S based TeX/LaTeX distributions. The purpose of this
read is to clear the confusion and give a comprehensive introduction to
the World of LaTeX, hence provide information and technical bases for
anyone, authors including academias to choose between LaTeX/Tex
distributions to install given the features of the offered LaTeX engines
and Compilers needed by their project or document typesetting. This
fills the gaps in knowledge and literature, aside numerous plagiarized
blogs , confusing articles (as learning latex itself) , confusing
articles (as learning latex itself) and guidelines relating to
scientific typesetting, LaTeX distributions, .tex editors, LaTeX
distributions, .tex editors, Latex2e, LaTeX3 and the the LaTeX family.
Spatial-temporal and kinematic characteristics of gait carrying loaded backpack with elastic straps
Authors: Huang Zhiguan , Sui Xinyi , He Xiaxu
Published: April 2021

Objective: Applying 3D Motion Capture technology to analyze the kinematic and
spatial temporal characteristics of gait when carrying loaded backpacks with
elastic straps, the study investigates the effect of backpacks with
elastic-strap on fatigue during walking. Methods: Ten healthy male
undergraduates did not do strenuous or fatigue exercise two days before the
trials and served as subjects (aged 19 ? 1.8 years). All subjects provided a
written and oral explanation of the trial procedures. In two trials departed
by two days apart, the subjects randomly carried one of the two kinds of
backpacks ( with non-elastic straps or with elastic straps backpacks loaded
the same weight books (about 10% of their bodyweight). After pasted with
markers as the guide of the Vicon 3D motion capture system, the subjects
walked on the treadmill at 4.5 km/h for 20 min in each trial. Before and
after each walking trial, the gait parameters of the subjects were measured
by a 6 meters-long plantar pressure test plate(Zebras FDM System). Results:
The change of the COP and the change of the gait parameters in the subjects
with elastic straps backpacks after 20 min walking were relatively less than
those with no elastic-strap backpacks, showing better stability and delaying
fatigue. From this statement, it can be reasoned that being able to reduce
the effect of the load on the person by returning the gait pattern closer to
an unloaded walking pattern may reduce problems associated with loaded
carriage. The elastic straps decreased the elevation of the mean vertical
position of the backpack and create a gap between the shoulders and the
shoulder pads. Conclusion: The decompression backpack with elastic straps
shows the effect of protecting the user?s spine and in delaying the cervical
back muscle fatigue, during walking at appropriate pace maybe reduce the
risk of musculoskeletal injuries and muscle fatigue associated with carrying
heavy backpack loads while reducing the metabolic cost of loaded walking.
Path and function synthesis of multi-bar mechanisms using beetle antennae search algorithm
Authors: Mo Xiaojuan , Ge Wenjie , Zhao Donglai , Shen Yaolei
Published: April 2021

Beetle antennae search algorithm (BAS) is based on the searching behavior of
longhorn beetles. This newly proposed metaheuristic algorithm is used in the
path and function synthesis of multi-bar mechanism. The optimization results
are compared with that of other metaheuristic algorithms like genetic
algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO) and differential evolution
(DE) et al. While BAS uses only one group of initial parameters to search
the best result, the convergence and efficiency are tested with eight case
studies results. Newly added parameter q increases the possibility to find
better results during iterations and deals with a higher number of
independent parameters efficiently. Revised BAS exhibits good performance both
in path synthesis of four-bar mechanism with or without prescribed timing,
while optimized parameters increases from 6 to 34, and extends to path and
function combined synthesis of Stephenson III six-bar double dwell mechanism
with 14 parameters.
PENINGKATAN AKTIVITAS DAN HASIL BELAJAR MATERI SUMBER DAYA ALAM MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DIRECT INSTRUCTION
Authors: Ngadilah Ngadilah
Published: April 2021

Penelitian bertujuan untuk meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar IPS materi sumber daya alam melalui model pembelajaran Direct Instruction pada siswa kelas IV SD 2 Gondangmanis semester I tahun pelajaran  2017/2018. Prosedur pelaksanaan dan implementasi di lokasi penelitian terbagi dalam dua siklus. Siklus I dilakukan dua kali pertemuan dan begitu juga siklus II dilakukan dua kali pertemuan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas belajar siswa pada siklus I memperoleh rata-rata skor 20,8 atau sebesar 73,45% (cukup baik), siklus II meningkat menjadi 25,4 atau sebesar 90,35% (sangat baik). Pada akhir tindakan siklus I nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh 70,48 atau sebesar 71,43% mengalami peningkatan 20,81% dari kondisi awal. Nilai rata-rata siklus II diperoleh 78,57 atau sebesar 85,71% ketuntasan belajar sehingga mengalami peningkatan sebesar 14,28% dari siklus I. Disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran direct instruction dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar IPS materi sumber daya alam pada siswa kelas IV SD 2 Gondangmanis Kudus.
A CLINICAL CASE OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PEPTIC ULCER OF GASTROENTEROANASTOMOSIS
Authors:   Ryazan State Medical University, Leonchenko S.V. ,   Municipal Clinical Hospital №11, Petyushkin V.N. ,   Municipal Clinical Hospital №11, Motin A.P. ,   Municipal Clinical Hospital №11, Dyomin A.A. ,   Ryazan State Medical University,   Municipal Clinical Hospital №11, Bobotina N.A. ,   Ryazan State Medical University
Published: April 2021

In the article a clinical case of surgical treatment of peptic ulcer of gastroenteroanastomosis complicated with perforation and gastrointestinal bleeding, is described. The patient was observed with the diagnosis: cholelithiasis, chronic calculous cholecystitis, for which planned laparoscopic cholecystectomy with draining of the abdominal cavity was performed. According to the discharge record, the operation ran without peculiarities. Later the patient was rehospitalized with complaints of weakness, nausea, vomiting, pain in the upper parts of the abdomen; he was diagnosed with ulcer of gastroenteroanastomosis and continuing bleeding that were indications for the surgical intervention for life-saving indications. From the patient words, a part of the stomach was resected more than 20 years before for gastric ulcer. Until the latest time, the patient felt satisfactory, but within 6 months pain in the abdomen reappeared, however, on examination cholelithiasis was identified, and the pain syndrome was attributed to this pathology. Assumably, after the first operation performed in 1995, a complication developed in the early postoperative period in the form of obstruction of gastroenteroanastomosis (anastomositis?), and additional gastroenteroanastomosis was applied. Conclusion. Peptic ulcer of anastomosis is an actual problem of the gastric surgery which may not only appear long time after the operation, but may give the same complications as «essential» peptic ulcer, and really threaten the life of patients. It should be noted that in some cases the intraoperative picture, experience and sensations of a surgeon play a decisive role in the diagnosis of surgical pathology even if they differ from the data of additional methods of examination.
VALUES OF PERSONNEL OF MODERN SCIENTIFIC AND MEDICAL ORGANIZATION
Authors:   Research Institute for Complex Problems of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karas D.V. , Danilchenko Y.V. ,   Research Institute for Complex Problems of Cardiovascular Diseases, Morozova E.A. ,   Kemerovo State University, Artamonova G.V. ,   Research Institute for Complex Problems of Cardiovascular Diseases
Published: April 2021

Background. Priorities in life and professional values are the socio-psychological guidelines for the professional development of a specialist. The value environment in each organization is unique, it depends on many factors and is a component of the organizational culture, for the effective management and development of which it is necessary to study and take into account both individual life values of employees and the values of different categories of personnel and the organization as a whole. Aim. To study the peculiarities of the life values of employees of medical-scientific institution and assess their compliance with the values of the organization. Materials and Methods. Sociological survey, statistical analysis. The object of the research was the personnel of a modern scientific and medical organization, and the life values of employees and the values of the organization. The work was performed on the base of Research Institute for Complex Problems of Cardiovascular Diseases. The survey covered 74.8% of the basic personnel (doctors, research personnel, nurses, administrative and management personnel, servicing personnel). Results. The first three leading life values of all the personnel were health, happy family life and material well-being. More than half the respondents consider the most important values for the organization to be professionalism and responsible attitude to work, correct and respectful attitude to colleagues, correct and respectful attitude to patients, discipline and order in work, strict observance of laws and normative requirements, aspiration to professional perfection. In the personnel, the priority values for the organization do not depend on age. 73.7% of employees have a personal system of values that coincides with the values of the organization. Conclusions. In the opinion of the personnel, most important values of a medical and scientific institution are socio-normative values with a strong emphasis on the priority of personal professionalism. The majority of respondents believe that their personal values correspond to the values important for the organization, which is an indicator of the social and psychological congruence of employees, but is also a sign of the culture of conformism in the institution, which would more likely be a limiting factor in a research organization.
RISK FACTORS FOR PREMATURE BIRTH. IS EVERYTHING UNAMBIGU-OUS?
Authors:   E.A. Vagner Perm State Medical University, Galinova I.V.
Published: April 2021

Aim. Despite the fact that ischemic-cervical insufficiency (ICI) is considered to be a risk factor for preterm birth (PB), a comparative analysis of the risk factors for each complication of gestation (ICI and PB) showed considerable differences. This was the reason for conducting a study to identify the most significant risk factors for PB and ICI. Materials and Methods. A questionnaire survey of 267 pregnant women was carried out to study the anamnestic risk factors for PR and for assessment of the course and outcomes of the current pregnancy. The existence of statistically significant differences was determined using Fishers exact test, and the ranking of risk factors was performed by the value of x2 criterion, adjusted for likelihood. Results. Pregnancy ended prematurely in 14 women (5.2%). Extremely early PB made 14.3% among all PB, premature births – 21.4%, late births – 64.3%, early PB were absent. Spontaneous and induced PB occurred with the same frequency – 50% each in the PB structure. Based on the x2 calculation, a rating of the PB risk factors was made. The 1st place – history of induced PB, 2 – history of polycystic ovary syndrome; 3 – in vitro fertilization; 4 – arterial hypertension; 5 – asymptomatic bacteriuria; 6 – ICI; 7 – hypothyroidism; 8 – the premature birth of the father. Also, an assessment of the risk factors for ICI was carried out and their rating was compiled: 1 – intra-uterine interventions before the first birth; 2 – repeated intrauterine interventions; 3 – history of ICI. Conclusion. Women with endocrine disorders (thyroid disease, polycystic ovary syndrome), arterial hypertension before and during pregnancy, physical inactivity before pregnancy should be considered a high risk group for PB. Asymptomatic bacteriuria is a risk factor not only for PB, but also for ICI, in which connection its early detection and rehabilitation is advisable. In the course of our study, the necessity for cervicometry during the 1st ultrasound screening was confirmed, and dynamic cervicometry can be recommended not only for women with PB, late spontaneous miscarriages, history of ICI and ICI in the current pregnancy, but also for pregnant women with repeated intrauterine interventions and with intrauterine interventions before the first forthcoming birth, for the earlier detection of ICI and formation of a high-risk group for PR for arrangement of preventive measures.
REVISTA EM QUADRINHOS COMO RECURSO METODOLÓGICO LÚDICO NO ENSINO DE BIOLOGIA: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA PRÁTICA NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Charles da Silva Natanael , Costa de Freitas Fernanda , Alcântara de Carvalho Patrícia Nazaré
Published: April 2021

Um dos grandes desafios para os professores de biologia ainda é a falta de materiais didáticos que possam intermediar e melhorar a compreensão dos alunos sobre os conteúdos ministrados. Assim, o trabalho objetivou produzir e utilizar revista em quadrinhos como ferramenta metodológica para o ensino e aprendizagem dos transgênicos. Para tanto, foi utilizado o aplicativo Cômica para criação dos personagens e o programa Microsoft Word 2013 para formatação. O recurso foi aplicado na escola Pública Estadual Leônidas Monte no Município de Abaetetuba – Pará durante a monitoria do PIBID. Com a aplicação de um questionário de satisfação, obtivemos que 67% dos alunos não tinham conhecimentos prévios sobre alimentos transgênicos, 75% afirmaram que a revista facilitou muito o entendimento sobre o assunto, 67% querem que essa metodologia seja aplicada em outras aulas, 75% consideraram a revista dinâmica, divertida e estimulante no aprendizado do conteúdo e 87% gostaram da revista de modo geral. Em entrevista, a professora da turma considerou que por ser um material com ilustrações, linguagem simples e divertida, a revista facilitou a assimilação do conteúdo. Consideramos os resultados satisfatórios, havendo receptividade positiva da metodologia tanto pelos alunos quanto pela professora da turma de aplicação.
Prevalence of Third Molar Agenesis in Patients – A Panoramic Retrospective Study
Authors: Padmanabhan Vivek , Khaled AR Abo Mostafa Omar , Kamel Rahhal Lama M.
Published: April 2021

Background/Purpose: Agenesis is found to be the most common dental anomaly affecting at least 25% of the population. Agenesis is an anomaly where the tooth germ fails to differentiate completely into dental tissues resulting in congenitally missing teeth. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of bilateral agenesis of mandibular second premolars. This study also reflects upon the treatment options available for the agenesis of mandibular second premolars.

Materials and Methods: Bilateral agenesis was considered as agenesis and unilateral agenesis was excluded from the study. Orthopantamograms (OPGs) of 945 dental patients aged 6 years -30 years were examined for the agenesis of teeth. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the percentages and frequencies were calculated using chi square test and the level of significance was considered if p value was <0.05.

Results: The prevalence of bilateral agenesis or congenitally missing mandibular second premolars were at 10.5%.

Conclusions: The prevalence rates of bilateral agenesis or congenitally missing mandibular second premolars are more common in males than females. A well informed evidence based decision should be taken for the clinical management of the missing mandibular second premolars.
Analysis of Tree Species Preference and Reasons among Commercial Charcoal Producers in Nasarawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Ekpo Abraham Salamatu Salamatu , Ayuba Haruna Kuje , Marcus Danjuma N. , Ogah Adamu Tanko
Published: April 2021

Commercial charcoal production has over time become an indispensable means of livelihood among rural settlers in Nasarawa State. However, charcoal production involves woodland exploitation which contributes to deforestation. Considering the growing significance of charcoal in rural and urban livelihoods in Nasarawa State, this paper analysed the preference of tree species and reasons among commercial charcoal producers in Nasarawa State in view of identifying endangered species and suggesting measures to ensure sustainability of the business. The study employed descriptive survey using both qualitative and quantitative data drawn from primary and secondary sources. Questionnaire was administered to 450 respondents randomly sampled from commercial charcoal producers drawn from 6 communities and 3 LGAs of Nasarawa State. Interviews and Focus Group Discussions were also conducted and the data obtained were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics in Microsoft Excel and SPSS (version 23). A total of 22 tree species were identified as usable for charcoal production in the study area. Investigation into the producers’ preference of tree species showed that eight (8) were mostly preferred out of which Anogeissus leiocarpus (Marke) (57.3%), Erythrina senegalensis (Madri) (52.2%) and Prosopis Africana (Kirya) (49.1%) were among the top three. Marke, Kirya and Madri were the most preferred species in Akwanga, Doma and Karu production areas respectively. High charcoal yield, good combustion quality, high heat content of resulting charcoal, less ash production were the main reasons for their preferences. Most of the preferred tree species have been depleted to the point that they are no longer commonly found for use among commercial charcoal producers in the state. The most endangered species due to commercial charcoal production were Anogeissus leiocarpus (Marke), Erythrina senegalensis (Madri) and Prosopis Africana (Kirya). However, pressure is currently on Teminalia glocosece (Baushe/Uko), Andira inermis (Gwaska), Ficus Spp (Baure), Vitellaria paradoxa (Kede) and Gardinia aqualla (Gaude) due to the difficulties in finding the endangered ones which constituted the most preferred species among producers in Nasarawa State. It was recommended that state energy policies should incorporate a law recognizing charcoal as a key source of energy in the State, thereby encouraging investments in the activity of commercial charcoal producers. Furthermore, conservation plans and practical measures of replacing the extracted trees from woodlands/forests for commercial charcoal production should form the basis for license issuance for charcoal production.
Sustainable Development: Understanding The Least Resource Base
Authors: Eremchenko Eugene , Tikunov Vladimir , Strobl Josef , Del Mastro Antonio , Monaсo Federico
Published: April 2021

In the paper, the least resource base required to ensure isolated human habitat sustainability over a historically long period of time is discussed. Territory and energy are proposed as such basic resources. The analysis of isolated societies of Tasmania, the Chatham Islands, and North Sentinel Island concludes that habitat can exist long and sustainably in a local area of at least 30 square kilometres in a mode of inherent safety, without the use of artificial technologies. This conclusion demonstrates the possibility of sustainable development of human civilization as a sum of local communities in the context of the isolationism paradigm, an alternative to globalism’s currently dominant concept. The significance of identifying the least resource base of sustainable development of isolated communities in the context of the establishment of scientific bases and settlements in remote areas of the globe, on the Moon and other planets of the solar system, and developing strategies to combat pandemics such as COVID-19, is highlighted.