bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and breakdown ofKRASdriver mutations in a large UK non-small cell lung cancer cohort
Authors: Niesner Isabella Caroline Chiara , Balbi Kevin Jon , Poskitt Benjamin , Gemma Carolina , Linares Josep , Allen David , Shutkever Oliver , Lindsay Colin R , Bennett Philip , Moore David Allan
Published: January 2025

Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene (KRAS) is a frequently mutated oncogene in lung cancer, now amenable to targeted therapy with allele-specific G12C inhibitors. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) driver mutations show geographical variability and therefore theKRASmutation breakdown, co-occurring oncogenic mutation rate and associated PD-L1 expression were studied in a large UK cohort. We interrogated archival clinical next-generation sequencing (NGS) data over 5 years. 3283 NSCLC samples were included, referred from 38 centres over 4 years. Somatic mutation hotspots in cancer-associated genes were analysed using ampliseq/ion-torrent based NGS assays. In a subset of the cohort, PD-L1 scores were also collated. 1118KRASvariants were detected. Class I mutations occurred most frequently (86.94%), withKRASG12C, G12V and G12D being most prevalent. Class II (7.96%), III (4.65%) and IV (0.45%) mutations were also detected and mutations inPIK3CAandBRAFwere the most frequently observed co-mutations. No significant difference in PD-L1 expression was found betweenKRASwild-type and mutant tumours.
Neural (re)organisation of language and memory: implications for neuroplasticity and cognition
Authors: Stasenko Alena , Kaestner Erik , Rodriguez Jonathan , Benjamin Christopher , Winstanley F Scott , Sepeta Leigh , Horsfall Jessica , Bookheimer Susan Y , Shih Jerry J , Norman Marc A , Gooding Amanda , McDonald Carrie R
Published: January 2025

Background

In the presence of neurological insult, how language and memory networks jointly reorganise provides insights into mechanisms of neuroplasticity and can inform presurgical planning. As (re)organisation is often studied within a single cognitive modality, how language and memory interact during (re)organisation in response to epilepsy and the implications for memory outcomes is less clear. We investigated (1) the rates and patterns of joint (re)organisation and (2) their associations with pre- and postsurgical memory function.

Methods

Individuals with epilepsy (n=162) from three neurosurgical centres underwent the Wada procedure. We examined colateralisation patterns (ie, concordance/discordance) between language and both global and verbal memory (n=34), and associations with clinical characteristics and preoperative and postoperative memory outcomes.

Results

Overall concordance between language and memory colateralisation was minimal-to-weak across both global memory and verbal memory (kappa=0.28–0.44). Discordance was primarily observed in individuals with left-lateralised language, of whom 52% and 32% showed discordance in global and verbal memory, respectively. Discordance was most pronounced in left hemisphere epilepsy and mesial temporal sclerosis. Conversely, right-lateralised language consistently predicted right-lateralised memory (95%–100%), regardless of seizure laterality or memory type. While discordance was not associated with presurgical memory function, discordance predicted superior postsurgical memory outcomes following surgery in the language-dominant hemisphere (p<0.05; ηp2=0.30).

Conclusions

When language dominance is atypical, memory tends to colateralise. However, when language remains typical, concordance with memory is weak, particularly for left hemisphere seizure onset. An interhemispheric shift in language may trigger a shift in memory, possibly to maintain efficient communication between medial temporal and neocortical language networks. In contrast, memory appears able to reorganise in isolation, with discordance predicting better postsurgical memory outcomes without detriment to presurgical function. Our findings support the continued need for separate presurgical mapping of language and memory lateralisation, particularly in the case of typical language dominance and left hemisphere seizures.
Home-based physical symptom management for family caregivers: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Schoth Daniel Eric , Holley Simone , Johnson Margaret , Stibbs Emma , Renton Kate , Harrop Emily , Liossi Christina
Published: January 2025

Background

Patients with life-limiting conditions are often cared for at home by family, typically without adequate training to carry out the challenging tasks performed. This systematic review assessed the efficacy of interventions designed to help family caregivers manage pain and other symptoms in adults and children with life-limiting conditions at home.

Methods

A systematic search was performed on seven databases. A narrative synthesis was conducted, along with a meta-analysis comparing outcomes in those who received an intervention to those who did not, or to preintervention scores.

Results

84 eligible studies were identified. Significant improvements in pain and fatigue in patients with cancer were found compared with patients in the control group and baseline. Caregivers of patients with cancer receiving an intervention, compared with the control group caregivers, showed significant improvements in self-efficacy and active coping and lower avoidant coping. This group also showed significant improvements in burden, self-efficacy, anxiety and depression, and decreases in avoidant coping pre- to post intervention. Patients with dementia whose caregivers received an intervention showed significantly reduced pain intensity and improvements in quality of life pre- to post intervention. Caregivers of patients with dementia showed significantly reduced distress pre- to post intervention. No beneficial effects were found for caregivers of patients with Parkinson’s disease or heart failure, although only limited analyses could be performed.

Conclusions

Interventions targeting family caregivers can improve both patient symptoms and caregiver outcomes, as demonstrated in cancer and dementia care. Future mixed-methods research should collect data from caregiver and patient dyads, identifying key intervention components. There is also need for more studies on caregivers of paediatric patients.
Trends in use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes among young adults who had smoked in adolescence: 2017–2022
Authors: Miech Richard , Leventhal Adam , Patrick Megan , Rodriguez Nicolas
Published: January 2025

Background

This study considers recent trends in combustible and e-cigarette use among US young adults who smoked cigarettes in adolescence, who are the originating source of most adults who smoke.

Methods

Data come from the Monitoring the Future study, which includes young adults aged 19–30 who were first surveyed in 12th grade as part of a nationally-representative sample. The analysis centres on 3623 observations from 2377 young adults surveyed from 2017 to 2022 who reported they had ever smoked a combustible cigarette in the initial, 12th grade survey.

Results

Among young adults who had smoked in adolescence, the percentage who used a combustible cigarette currently (in the past 30 days) significantly declined from 45% in 2017–2018 to 35% in 2021–2022. The percentage who currently used nicotine hovered around 50%, as measured by current use of an e-cigarette or combustible cigarette and this percentage did not significantly trend over the study period. The percentage who currently used e-cigarettes exclusively and not combustible cigarettes tripled from 6% in 2017–2018 to 21% in 2021–2022. About half of this exclusive e-cigarette group deliberately used e-cigarettes to quit combustible cigarettes, in all years. Dual use of both e-cigarettes and combustible cigarettes significantly increased from 11% in 2017–2018 to 17% in 2021–2022. Trends were robust in multivariable regression analyses that controlled demographics.

Conclusion

Among young adults who had smoked in adolescence, a 10-point decline in cigarette prevalence from 2017 to 2022 coincided with a 7-point increase in the percentage who deliberately used e-cigarettes to quit combustible cigarettes.
Unveiling new phases of the Standard Model Higgs potential
Authors: Goertz Florian , Pastor-Gutiérrez Álvaro
Published: January 2025

We present evidence for new phases of the Standard Model Higgs potential. We study the Standard Model physical trajectory accounting for the Higgs curvature mass with the mass-dependent functional renormalisation group. New unstable and non-trivially stable phases are found at energies above the Planck scale and below the Abelian Landau pole. While the first aggravates the well-known metastable phase and threatens the viability of the Standard Model extrapolated to arbitrary scales, the latter can provide a well-defined ultraviolet completion. We investigate the phase diagram as a function of the top quark pole mass and study the effect of new physics through a scalar singlet portal coupling. The new non-trivial phase appears below the Planck scale in extensions of the Standard Model seeking stable trajectories. These findings have a significant impact on existing model building.
The Key Role of Multi-Source Data Fusion in the Construction of Digital Transformation in Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Zhao Feng , Zhao Boyu
Published: January 2025

The foundation of social and economic growth is seen to be the manufacturing sector. Processing raw materials or components into completed products that are ready for consumer purchase is known as manufacturing. A new technology called the industrial internet of things (IIoT) has the potential to increase manufacturing productivity, reduce costs, and boost industrial intelligence. Digitalization and automation are constrained by political unpredictability, economic volatility, and a shortage of skilled labor. We proposed a completely unique transfer learning-based data fusion machine (TLDF) to deal with these troubles in IIoT. We suggested a multi-source deep Q-networks (MDQN) technique for task classification, task receiver, and private safeguarding for the manufacturing industry. Data fusion, which includes the gathering and analyzing of massive volumes of internet of things (IoT) data produced through industrial packages and gadgets, and the examination of this data is important to the improvement of producing manufacturing applications in IIoT. The outcome demonstrates that the suggested technique carried out low latency, excessive throughput, and accuracy. The focus of the research is on data fusion and its role in the digital transformation of the industrial sector. It emphasizes the need for ongoing innovation in data integration technology and the implementation of a comprehensive data management strategy.
The Effects of Health, Safety and Environmental Criteria on the Performance of Landfilling Process: A Comparative AHP and Fuzzy AHP Analysis
Authors: Abbasi Soheil , Barzegar Vahideh , Alizadeh Seyed Shamseddin , Asgari Alireza , Gholampour Akbar
Published: January 2025

Although landfills are among the most important structures for municipal waste disposal worldwide, they are sometimes less preferred due to their impact on people and the environment. This research examines the health, safety and environmental (HSE) factors affecting the municipal solid waste (MSW) landfilling process’s performance. Next, it prioritises these factors using the conventional AHP and fuzzy AHP methods. Based on the findings, three main sub-criteria were determined from the 26 sub-criteria, and the environmental, health and safety criteria ranked the first, second and third, respectively. Leachate permeation control, control of pollutant production and hazardous gas monitoring were ranked the highest in terms of relative weight. In the environmental criteria, leachate control, in the health criteria, pollution and in the safety-related criteria, hazardous gas control were ranked the first. In addition, leachate permeation control had the highest global weight. Overall, experts are recommended to pay more attention to environmental issues and prioritise controlling the environmental impact of landfills in their design, construction and operation.
Endurance saline aquifer CO
2
store – from appraisal to development and beyond
Authors: Gibson-Poole C. M. , Tarasewicz J. , Gray E. , Hitchen K. , Bouffin N. , Taplin M. , Gillespie A. , Buchanan S.
Published: January 2025

The Endurance structure, located in the Bunter Sandstone of the UK Southern North Sea, is the first planned CO
2
storage site for the Northern Endurance Partnership. The project aims to start-up from 2027, storing up to an initial four Mt of CO
2
per annum (Mtpa) for 25 years. The structure was first identified as a potential carbon store in the early 2000s. Since then, new subsurface data has been acquired to appraise its viability for CO
2
storage, including a dedicated CCS appraisal well in 2013 and more recently a high-resolution 3D seismic survey and a geotechnical borehole. This paper outlines the updated geophysical, petrophysical and sedimentological appraisal work that has been conducted, integrating these new data with the existing subsurface datasets from the wider hydraulic unit.

The proposed subsea development scheme for Endurance envisions five injector wells, in a distributed mid-flank layout, and a dedicated monitoring well. Expansion plans include further phases of development at Endurance, along with tie-in of other neighbouring storage sites in adjacent licences, aiming to ramp-up to an average 23 Mtpa by the late 2030s. The Endurance CO
2
storage site has been successfully appraised as a viable CO
2
storage site. Next steps will be dynamic appraisal, learning from early store performance.
Beyond Decision: Android Malware Description Generation through Profiling Malicious Behavior Trajectory
Authors: Wu Chunlian , Chen Sen , Li Jiaming , Chai Renchao , Fan Lingling , Xie Xiaofei , Feng Ruitao
Published: January 2025

Malware family labels and key features used for the decision-making of Android malware detection models fall short of precise comprehension of malicious behaviors due to their coarse granularity. To solve these problems, in this paper, we first introduce the concept of the malicious behavior trajectory (
MBT
) and propose an innovative approach called
ProMal
.
ProMal
aims to automatically generate malware descriptions with fine granularity through extracted
MBTs
from malware for users. Specifically, a labeled dataset of
MBTs
is constructed through substantial human efforts to build a behavioral knowledge graph (
BxKG
). The
BxKG
is scalable and can be automatically updated using two strategies to ensure its completeness and timeliness: 1) taking into consideration the evolution of Android SDKs, and 2) mining new
MBTs
by leveraging the widely-used malware datasets. We highlight that the knowledge graph is essential in
ProMal
, which can reason new
MBTs
based on existing
MBTs
because of its structured data representation and semantic relation modeling, and thus helps effectively extract real
MBTs
in Android malware. We evaluated
ProMal
on a recent malware dataset where researcher-crafted malware descriptions are available, and the Precision, Recall, and F1-Score of
MBT
identification based on
BxKG
reached 96.97%, 91.43%, and 0.94, respectively, outperforming the state-of-the-art approaches. Taking
MBTs
identified from Android malware as inputs, precise, fine-grained, and human-readable descriptions can be generated using the large language model, whose readability and usability are verified through a user study. The generated descriptions play a significant role in interpreting and comprehending malware behaviors.
Texture and Structure-Guided Dual-Attention Mechanism for Image Inpainting
Authors: Li Runing , Dai Jiangyan , Qin Qibing , Wang Chengduan , Zhang Huihui , Yi Yugen
Published: January 2025

Deep learning exhibits powerful capability in image inpainting task, particularly in generating pixel-level details closely with the human visual perception. However, the complex background or larger missing regions make it still encounters the artifacts. Many researchers have investigated that prior information is crucial for guiding the image inpainting. In this paper, we introduce the dual-attention mechanism, including lightweight spatial attention and linearized attention, to construct an end-to-end texture structure-guided image inpainting method. In the first stage, we build the detail inpainting network with the lightweight spatial attention. In this model, the extracted texture and structural features are fused with multi-layers and then the fused detail image is considered as the prior to guide the detail repair of corrupted images. In the second stage, we construct the content completing network by the repaired detail and the linearized Transformer module. This module not only overcomes the limitation of the receptive field size of convolutional kernels that can improve the long-range modelling of features, but also can significantly reduce the computational complexity of the original Transformer. To demonstrate the superior effectiveness of the proposed method, we perform extensive experiments with advanced models on three datasets: CelebA-HQ, Places2, and Paris Street Views. Comparative results manifest that our method achieves excellent image inpainting results that are conform to the human visual system.The code is available at
https://github.com/QinLab-WFU/TSGDAM
Supporting Campus Activism through Creating DIY-AT in a Social Justice Aligned Makerspace
Authors: Higgins Erin , Oliver Zaria , Hamidi Foad
Published: January 2025

Utilizing digital fabrication methods (e.g., 3D printing) has exciting implications for the design and production of customized assistive technology (AT). However, utilizing these tools currently requires a high level of technical expertise as well as time and money investments. Furthermore, facilitating collaboration between end users and makers needs effective and inclusive approaches with shared language and support for asynchronous, dispersed communication of design requirements. While these Do-It-Yourself (DIY) approaches are shown to support end-user agency and furthering technology democratization, research has to yet explore how they can further align with social justice values and practices. We explored these possibilities by facilitating DIY-AT design with students with disabilities, activist staff members, and community members within a university makerspace. By explicitly encouraging participants to consider social justice issues important to them as they engaged in DIY-AT design, we studied the considerations and supports needed for facilitating flexible co-design activities and broader conversations about accessibility barriers at the university. Adopting a transdisciplinary approach, we offer lessons learned about the potential of co-designing DIY-ATs as a way to investigate questions of social justice, inclusion, and access in academic contexts. We show how these created DIY-ATs can be leveraged by students and staff as tangible artifacts to encourage more funding and support from university administration for accessibility initiatives.
Klinisch-pathologische Befunde und Behandlungsergebnisse von bilateralen Raumforderungen der Tränendrüse
Authors: Bertelmann Eckart
Published: January 2025

Background: The present study reviewed the clinicopathological features and outcomes of bilateral lacrimal gland lesions. Methods: The data of 113 patients who underwent lacrimal gland biopsy at the West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China, between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2021, are presented in this case series. The patients all presented with bilateral lacrimal gland lesions. The collected data included patient demographics, clinical features, the results of laboratory examinations, imaging presentations, histopathological diagnoses, treatments, and outcomes. Results: The mean age of the 113 enrolled patients was 47.4 ± 14.9 years (range, 11–77 years) with a predominance of females (54.9%, n = 62). The lacrimal gland was the source of the majority of biopsy tissue (98.2%, n = 111). The most prevalent etiology was immunoglobulin G4-related ophthalmic disease (IgG4-ROD) (32.7%, n = 37), followed by idiopathic orbital inflammation (IOI) (28.3%, n = 32), mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma (17.7%, n = 20), reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (RLH) (10.6%, n = 12), and mantle cell lymphoma (4.4%, n = 5). Patients with IOI were significantly younger than those with IgG4-ROD and MALT lymphoma (t = 2.932, P = 0.005; t = 3.865, P<0.001, respectively). Systemic symptoms were more prevalent among patients with IgG4-ROD (χ2 = 7.916, P = 0.005). The majority of patients were treated with surgery (53.1%, n = 60), with surgery combined with corticosteroid therapy (21.2%, n = 24) being the second most common treatment. The majority of patients (91.2%, n = 103) attained complete resolution, stable disease, or significant improvement.
The mediating effect of depressive symptoms between frailty and cognitive impairment in the Northeast Chinese older adults
Authors: Geng Xiaohan , Kou Changgui , Wu Songyu , Zhang Wangyi , Li Biao , Yu Ge , Shen Yuxuan , Gao Junling , Li Wenjun , Bai Wei
Published: January 2025

Objectives: Cognitive impairment among older adults is a significant public health concern worldwide. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of cognitive impairment, its correlates, and the mediating role of depressive symptoms between frailty and cognitive impairment among older adults in northeast region of China.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study which used the intercept interview method to recruit participants. Social demographic characteristic, health-related behaviours, physical health, and functional status of the participants were collected. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to correlates of cognitive impairment. Additionally, mediating effect analysis was performed using the Bootstrap tool.
Results: Among the 2,859 older adults included in the study, 32.4% of participants screened positive for cognitive impairment. Higher educational attainment had negative association with cognitive impairment in older adults (P<0.05). Living in rural areas, fair/poor self-rated health, pre-frailty, frailty, having depressive symptoms, impaired activities of daily living, poor sleep quality, and inactive physical activity had positive association with cognitive impairment in older adults(P<0.05). Furthermore, depressive symptoms exhibited a partial mediating role between frailty and cognitive impairment, with a mediating effect of 58.0%.
Conclusions: Preventive measures should be implemented to address the associated factors with cognitive impairment. Promoting higher education levels, advocating for a positive and healthy lifestyle, and ensuring their physical and mental well-being among older adults are essential. Early diagnosis and proactive prevention of frailty and depressive symptoms in older adults may effectively decelerate cognitive decline.
The Impact of Uterine Disorders on Embryo Implantation and Early Survival: From Molecular Insights to Clinical Evidence
Authors: Etrusco Andrea , Riemma Gaetano , Chiantera Vito , Laganà Antonio Simone , Agrifoglio Vittorio , Di Donna Mariano Catello , Pecorino Basilio , Scibilia Giuseppe , Tinelli Andrea , Malvasi Antonio , Fioretti Bernard , Gliozheni Elko , Cicinelli Ettore , D’Amato Antonio
Published: January 2025

Background
Embryo implantation and early survival in a synchronized, receptive endometrium are critical for establishing a successful pregnancy, but uterine pathologies can present challenges to reproductive success by significantly impacting this complex process.

Objectives
The purpose of this review is to analyze the impact of uterine pathologies on embryo implantation, early embryo survival, and finally on the development of infertility, with references to reproductive outcomes and the main evidence related to therapeutic strategies.

Methods
The relevant publications were identified after queries of the following sources: PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and publishers’ databases, complemented by a cross-check of the reference lists. We used a combination of the search terms “uterine pathology”, “infertility”, “embryo implantation” and “embryo survival” with terms relevant to the topic of each paragraph, such as “endometrial polyps”, “leiomyoma”, “uterine malformations”, “adenomyosis”, “intrauterine adhesions”.

Outcome
All articles describing the influence of each uterine pathology on embryo implantation/early survival were included, with a focus on the role of endometrial polyps, leiomyomas, uterine malformations, adenomyosis, and intrauterine adhesions.

Conclusions and Outlook
The exact influence of uterine diseases on the uterine-embryo crosstalk is unknown. Nevertheless, numerous molecular mechanisms have been proposed to explain some of the underlying processes. Tailored treatments for each specific disease may improve the endometrial milieu, and thus reproductive outcomes. Future studies should aim to further understand the underlying molecular phenomena driving the development of these pathologies, how they may disrupt early embryo life stages, and the exact benefit of medical and surgical treatments on embryo survival.
Contribuição ao estudo da tribo Aerenicini. I. Gêneros com pontos elitrais contrastantes (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae)
Authors: Martins Ubirajara R.
Published: January 2025

.
Anatomia funcional de Brachidontes darwinianus darwinianus (Orbigny, 1846) (Mollusca: Bivalvia)
Authors: Avelar Wagner Eustáquio Paiva , Narchi Walter
Published: January 2025

.
Ascensos e descensos na população afrodescendente na América Llatina: as experiências da Colômbia e Brasil nos censos de 2018 e 2022
Authors: López Carlos Augusto Viáfara , Santos Yoná dos
Published: January 2025

This article analyzes the factors associated with the increase and decrease of Black populations in the recent censuses of Brazil and Colombia. These results reflect distinct historical processes of ethnic-racial construction and the census methodologies used in each country. The research proposes a decolonial perspective, considering how coloniality, as a structure of global power, perpetuates inequalities by articulating racism, economic exploitation, and Eurocentrism. In this context, censuses are problematized both as instruments of visibility and as mechanisms of power that reproduce colonial hierarchies in times of multiculturalism. The study investigates census data, ethnic-racial categories, and institutional discourses through a qualitative and comparative approach. The analysis highlights the importance of a critical reflection on censuses, emphasizing their role in identity construction, promoting social justice, and their potential to challenge ideologies that minimize or deny racism.
Campo museológico brasileiro: possibilidades de análise a partir da teoria de Pierre Bourdieu
Authors: Gouveia Inês
Published: January 2025

The aim of this text is to discuss the possibilities of applying Pierre Bourdieu’s theory for analyzing the Museology area in Brazil. In order to do this, first his production is examined, especially the ones related to museums and their symbolic capital. The notion of field is presented as a theoretical-methodological resource to observe the relations between those who produce, reproduce and negotiate a vision of what a museum is and what it is for. Considering that agents (individuals and institutions) gather in positions, we propose one representation about the Brazilian museum field. The habitus concept also helps us to understand how symbolic capitals are formed and what their relevance is in the relational dynamics around museums. With the help of trajectory information of Waldisa Rússio Camargo Guarnieri (active Brazilian museologist between the years 1970-1990), we observe the construction of the authority condition, according to the dispositions inherited and cultivated by the subjects. The relations between the bodies that occupy space in the field, their positions and the symbolic capital they negotiated are problematized. The conclusion is that Bourdieu’s theory contributes to the understanding of Brazilian museums and museology, as long as the criticism of the author and the particularities of the Latin American context are not neglected.
Reservas técnicas de museus e acesso público como tema de pesquisa: apontamentos a partir de revisão bibliográfica
Authors: Oliveira Mayara Manhães de , Gruzman Carla
Published: January 2025

Em vista do crescente investimento na maior participação de públicos na dinâmica dos museus, interessa-nos compreender formas de estreitar a relação entre seus profissionais, acervos e visitantes. Neste intuito, abordamos aspectos da educação e da comunicação museais para introduzir uma discussão a respeito de acesso público às reservas técnicas. Trata-se de um estudo de revisão bibliográfica realizada em sete bases de periódicos, teses e dissertações nacionais e internacionais compreendendo o recorte temporal de 1970 a 2020. O refinamento do material levou ao corpus constituído por 22 trabalhos acadêmicos, os quais foram submetidos à sistematização e análise. O tratamento dos dados considerou os princípios da análise categorial para reagrupamento das unidades dos textos sob categorias emergentes. Buscou-se caracterizar as propostas levando em consideração contextos institucionais, tipos de estratégias, foco do estudo e os objetivos de cada ação. Como resultados, destaca-se que: as formas de acesso às reservas técnicas são variáveis, pois são atravessadas por condicionantes institucionais; a maneira como os públicos são reconhecidos pode orientar as propostas e há abertura para ressignificação da relação entre visitantes, objetos e profissionais de museus. A respeito deste último ponto, evidenciamos a importância dos propósitos educativos e do planejamento interdisciplinar das ações. Por fim, tal estudo pode contribuir para a reflexão sobre os sentidos de preservar e divulgar o patrimônio cultural na contemporaneidade.
Conservar e manter coleções biológicas em museus: reflexões sobre perspectivas práticas e éticas
Authors: Vicente Bianca Cristina Ribeiro , Costa Sue Anne Regina Ferreira da
Published: January 2025

Coleções biológicas reunidas em museus de história natural contribuem para o conhecimento e investigação de diferentes aspectos da biodiversidade. Preservar esses acervos torna-se então ação primordial aos museus que os têm sob sua guarda, mas essa prática, que remonta há séculos atrás, acontece de que forma e por quê? Partindo desses questionamentos o presente artigo objetivou analisar diferentes aspectos referentes à conservação de coleções biológicas em museus, ressaltando o porquê de sua manutenção, suas complicações éticas e a necessidade de serem cada vez mais empregados esforços em tais tarefas, que muitas vezes parecem diminutas comparadas aos processos de coleta e pesquisa dos acervos. Através de levantamento bibliográfico foram relacionados diferentes elementos presentes nessas coleções. Apesar das adversidades que podem ser impostas pelas especificidades dos espécimes, preservá-los através de práticas cotidianas, elaboração de protocolos de ação e a própria comunicação ainda se mostram como alternativas viáveis e necessárias aos museus de história natural.
Poesia e magia: o espanto com Manuel de Castro
Authors: Negri Lucas Rodrigues
Published: January 2025

Como era comum entre os poetas ligados à experiência surrealista em Portugal, Manuel de Castro sustentou uma ideia de poesia como um tipo de atividade mágica. No seu caso, essa atividade estava ligada ao que ele mesmo chamava de sua "situação espiritual" e ao uso de diferentes tradições simbólicas do Oriente. Neste ensaio, algumas faltas e problemas inerentes a tal entendimento de poesia são identificados. Argumenta-se que, para reconhecer a verdadeira natureza mágico-mítica dessa poesia, é preciso levar em conta essas faltas e problemas como o o seu próprio núcleo.
Surrealismo, humor e fantástico em Mário Henrique Leiria
Authors: Simões Maria João
Published: January 2025

The humour in many of Mário-Henrique Leiria's short fictions is triggered by the use of the absurd, by questioning everyday reality and evidence, by the incongruity of meanings and also by the interplay between the possible and the impossible. In his fictions, humour, nonsense, absurdity and even fantastic contribute to the satirical aspect of the writer's texts, revealing the libertarian sense of his writing. Given the well-known anti-fascist ideological stance of Mário-Henrique Leiria, this study aims to reflect on some of the strategies used by the writer to carry out his ideologically marked criticisms. In this sense, the aim of this study is to analyse procedures such as humour, absurdity, nonsense or fantastic and to show how these compositional elements contribute to the satirical configuration of his texts.
Tradução da correspondência inicial entre James Joyce e Ezra Pound
Authors: Abrantes Elisa Lima
Published: January 2025

The correspondence between James Joyce and Ezra Pound began in 1913, when Pound, on the recommendation of the poet W.B. Yeats, introduced himself to Joyce offering to read his texts and asking for permission to publish one of his poems in an anthology of Imagist poets, and lasted until 1938. Through the letters, which have not yet been translated in Brazil, it is possible to better understand the historical context of the time, personal and professional issues, influences and conceptions of these two modernist authors. Here I examine the first letters exchanged between the two authors and propose their translation into Portuguese, discussing aspects of the chosen translation procedures, in line with Eugene Nida’s (2004) traditional perspective of dynamic equivalence. I use as base texts 4 letters from Forrest Read’s book, Pound/Joyce The Letters of Ezra Pound to James Joyce with Pound’s Essays on Joyce (1970) and one Joyce’s letter from the book Letters of James Joyce. Vol II (1966), edited by Richard Ellmann.
‘Data for her social good?’ Pioneering feminist data narratives for gender justice in China
Authors: Han Xiao
Published: January 2025

Datafication is reshaping feminism, as feminist pioneers, groups and communities increasingly engage with data practices for advocacy, activism and social change. This is a netnographic study exploring how feminist actors in China appropriate the emerging technology of datafication to develop grassroots narratives for pursuing gender justice, focussing on two pioneering feminist collectives as key studies. The study begins by reviewing the role of gender data in women’s empowerment within China’s socio-political context, followed by an outline of the feminist data narrative concepts that combine Couldry’s theory of data as narrative with insights from data feminism. Using these two cases, it illustrates how and why these collectives engage in data feminism to foreground gender justice. These examples demonstrate the ways in which data narratives offer transformative and empowering potential, generating new epistemic imaginaries of feminism in China. Ultimately, this paper underscores a paradigm shift towards the datafication of feminist narratives, connecting the contextual realm to the relational dynamics of data science for her social good.
The enemy within: Demagogy and ‘the marketplace of ideas’
Authors: Sharon Assaf
Published: January 2025

Unlike authoritarians of old, the current crop of authoritarian demagogues does not explicitly reject the democratic framework. Instead, they undermine it from within. Rather than engage their opponents on the issues, demagogues delegitimize them. As ancient Greeks had observed, turning political rivals into enemies is highly effective because it answers a need. Demagogy is driven by demand. This poses a distinct challenge to the ideals of free speech and freedom of the press, which are justified and understood in terms of market competition or ‘the marketplace of ideas’.
“Us vs Them”: Understanding Chinese Badminton Sportsmen's Racial Consciousness in International Competitions
Authors: Tsang Ling Tung
Published: January 2025

Current racial discourses surrounding Chinese athletes signify that they not only lack the physical tools to succeed but also are socialized with cultural values that demonstrate their perceived negativity and resistance towards sport and physical culture. However, in today's society where increasing Chinese athletes are commended for their triumphs and excellence in international sporting arenas, such a racialized understanding demonstrates a mismatch to the Chinese athletes’ holistic viewpoints. Based on interview data collected from n = 24 male provincial professional and university badminton athletes from China, I articulate that Chinese sportsmen are seen to identify strictly with collective Sinicized ideals, termed as “Chineseness,” in constructing their racial consciousness, which arises from their physical and cultural inter-group differences and/or intra-group similarities.
The impact of a personal cancer diagnosis on adolescent and young adult cancer survivors’ social connectedness: A qualitative analysis
Authors: Rao Pooja , Segel Joel E , Bingen Kristin , Devine Katie A , Scott Allison M , Koehly Laura M , Verdery Ashton M , Rumbaugh Courtney L , Wasserman Emily , Costigan Heather J , Dandekar Smita , Rakszawski Kevin , Songdej Natthapol , Blackall George F , Vasekar Monali , Naik Seema , Lengerich Eugene J , Van Scoy Lauren J
Published: January 2025

Adolescent/young adult cancer survivors (AYACS) are diagnosed with cancer between 15 and 39 years of age. Improving AYACS’ survivorship quality is crucial—including improving social connectedness, a construct describing the quality, structure and function of social relationships. With better understanding of AYACS’ social connectedness, network-based interventions can be developed to foster social health. This study explored how a personal cancer diagnosis impacts AYACS’ social connectedness among 35 AYACS 15–25 years old. Three themes emerged through thematic analysis: (1) AYACS experience substantial heterogeneity related to social support needs; (2) AYACS leverage multiple relationships and resources when seeking support after a personal cancer diagnosis; (3) AYACS’ individual experiences were unique in that some noted positive changes, whereas others noted negative changes in relationships within social networks, specifically with peers. These findings create a foundation to develop social programming, foster peer relationships, and incorporate social science methods to aid intervention development to strengthen AYACS’ social connectedness.
Investigation of local heat treatment strategies for a multi-range capable rivet and the influence on joint formation and load-bearing capacity
Authors: Holtkamp Pia , Kappe Fabian , Probst Paula , Bobbert Mathias , Meschut Gerson
Published: January 2025

To reduce CO2 emissions, the industry, particularly in the mobility sector, focuses on lightweight vehicles with multi-material structures. As thermal joining processes are reaching their limits, mechanical techniques such as self-piercing riveting are being used. One innovative solution is the versatile self-piercing riveting process (V-SPR), which combines different material combinations with a multi-range rivet. 1 The joining process is divided into the piercing process and the forming process of the rivet head to the respective sheet thickness. The rivet shaft requires sufficient strength to punch through the punch-sided sheet, and sufficient ductility of the rivet head is required to form onto the punch-sided sheet. To achieve a combination of these requirements, local inductive heat treatment strategies are used for the rivet. To ensure reproducible rivet hardening, a specialised device has been developed for precise rivet positioning in the induction coil and the subsequent quenching process. The heat treatment differs in terms of hardening times and temperatures. In addition, the heat treatment is combined with a subsequent tempering process. The study aims to determine the resulting hardness distributions and microstructures of the rivet and to investigate the influence of different heat treatment strategies on joint formation and load-bearing capacities. The results show that a graded hardening profile has a positive effect on the spreading behaviour of the rivet foot and the forming behaviour of the rivet head. Furthermore, the load-bearing behaviour of the joints is increased.
A novel fault diagnosis of high-speed train axle box bearings with adaptive curriculum self-paced learning under noisy labels
Authors: Zhang Kai , Wang Bingwen , Zheng Qing , Ding Guofu , Ma Jiahao , Tang Baoping
Published: January 2025

Due to uncontrollable or objective reasons, mismarked labels (i.e., noise labels) are inevitably generated in the supervised fault diagnosis dataset of train axle box bearings. Self-paced learning is an effective method to deal with noise, but it needs to set additional hyperparameters, which limits its application. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel fault diagnosis method based on adaptive curriculum self-paced resistance learning under noisy labels. First, this method uses discrete wavelet packet transform to perform localized analysis of one-dimensional signals in both the time and frequency domains. Second, the memory effect of convolutional neural networks is exploited to learn predefined curriculum. In the self-paced learning framework, an adaptive method based on epoch statistics is proposed to select confidence samples to update the curriculum, which provides meaningful supervised information for the model to be trained next. Third, the resistance loss combined with the original loss function is used to optimize the model with the selected confidence samples. The proposed method was validated using the fault-bearing dataset from Paderborn University and the high-speed train bogie fault simulation test bench. Even under uniform noise labels ranging from 0% to 50%, the method achieved over 90% fault diagnosis accuracy in both datasets.
Ofsted inspection reports in early childhood education settings narrowly focussed: A corpus and sentiment analysis
Authors: Castro-Kemp Susana , Kemp Peter
Published: January 2025

High-quality early childhood education is key for children’s positive and long-term outcomes. Countries differ on how they quality assure provision. In England, Ofsted is the independent inspection body, often the source of controversy for lack of transparency in ratings. However, there is a dearth of evidence on how inspectors’ judgements are made, particularly in the early years sector. This study examines the consistency and nature of individual judgements in Ofsted reports, through an in-depth corpus analysis of inspection reports for non-domestic early years providers (nurseries and preschools) in England. It is the first to analyse the extent to which inspections focus on well-regarded understandings of high-quality early childhood pedagogy and provides an appraisal of the affective tone of the reports, using sentiment analysis. Results show that inspectors are fairly consistent, with similar high frequent terms present across reports, but the inspection focus may be too limited in scope. There is an over-emphasis on school readiness based on outcomes of older children, without clear references to the participation and engagement of younger children and process variables. A more positive tone in the reports is more frequent in high-quality rated settings, except for the section describing children’s outcomes, the shortest across reports.
The impact of quantitative platform on candidacy for bronchoscopic lung volume reduction: a multi-center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wayne Max , Pilli Suchitra , Choi Hee Jae , Moulton Nathaniel , Chenna Praveen , Burks Allen Cole , Chen Alexander
Published: January 2025

Background:

Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR) can be an effective treatment for highly selected patients with severe emphysema but only half of carefully selected patients derive clinical benefit. Two commercially available platforms exist to help determine candidacy for BLVR via quantitative analysis of computed tomography (CT) scans.

Objectives:

To determine if the two commercially available quantitative platforms identified the same patient population that may benefit from BLVR.

Design:

A multicenter, retrospective cohort study.

Methods:

Consecutive patients referred for BLVR between January 1, 2022 and March 31, 2023 at three medical centers in the United States with the same CT scan submitted for quantitative analysis to two commercially available platforms to determine BLVR candidacy were analyzed. The primary outcome of interest was whether quantitative analysis provided different recommendations for individual patients. The recommendation to proceed with BLVR was based on a prespecified algorithm using criteria established in clinical trials for each quantitative platform, respectively.

Results:

A total of 83 patients referred for BLVR across three centers were included; patients were a median 67 years old, had a median post bronchodilator FEV1 of 30% predicted (IQR: 25, 38), a median residual volume of 220% predicted (IQR: 185, 268), and 29 (34.9%) received endobronchial valves. A total of 26 patients (31.3%) received different recommendations from the two quantitative platforms.

Conclusion:

In this cohort of patients evaluated for BLVR across multiple medical centers, nearly a third of patients received different recommendations based on the platform utilized for valve assessment. This suggests that the selection process for BLVR may warrant refinement.
A lightweight privacy preservation authentication protocol for IoMT using ECC based blind signature
Authors: Samal Kalpana , Sunanda Shanta Kumari , Jena Debasish , Patnaik Srikanta
Published: January 2025

In the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT), medical devices are connected to the Internet of Things (IoT), allowing better tailored healthcare, faster hospital treatments, more affordable medical solutions, and more patient comfort. The most serious threat to the safety and confidentiality of patient’s medical records is the possibility of attacks on the IoMT environment. In order to address these problems, researchers have proposed several approaches and methodologies. None of these protocols presents a low-computing-overhead method that combines authentication with privacy preservation. This research proposes a protocol for secure authentication of IoMT devices while protecting user privacy. The proposed approach ensures the confidentiality of the IoMT devices connected to the patient’s body while communicating. In addition, the proposed protocol is validated using the widely recognized formal validation tool Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications (AVISPA). The suggested protocol resolves existing protocols’ vulnerabilities and is resistant to many well-known security issues. Compared with existing protocols that use public cryptosystems, such ElGamal and RSA, the suggested protocol stands out due to its smaller key size and reduced computational overhead. A comparison with the well-known protocols revealed that the combined method for “lightweight authentication and privacy preservation” is computationally 5 to 6 times more efficient. However, this research has significant real-world implications from various social, economic, and business viewpoints, both locally and globally.