bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diabetes knowledge among Malaysian adults: A scoping review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lai Pei Kuan , Teng Cheong Lieng , Mustapha Feisul Idzwan
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Optimal self-care promotes glycaemic control and prevents diabetes complications. Its performance is facilitated by an adequate level of diabetes knowledge. This review aimed to evaluate diabetes knowledge among Malaysians by assessing diabetes knowledge scores and their associated factors.
Methods: A comprehensive bibliographic search for Malaysian studies on diabetes knowledge was conducted in PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar. Relevant literature was systematically selected and described; pertinent data were extracted; and data on diabetes knowledge levels and their associated factors were synthesised. The quality of the identified studies was assessed using a Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool.
Results: Thirty Malaysian cross-sectional studies that measured diabetes knowledge levels were retrieved. Nineteen of them used a named diabetes knowledge measurement tool, with 14 using the 14-item Michigan Diabetes Knowledge Test. A low knowledge level was prevalent among patients with diabetes mellitus (pooled mean knowledge score=6.92, proportion of patients with a low knowledge level=47.97%). The knowledge score was associated with some sociodemographic variables, health literacy, self-care and glycaemic control.
Conclusion: The association of diabetes knowledge with diabetes outcomes (e.g. self-care and glycaemic control) reflects the potential of the former as a target of intervention. Periodic measurement of diabetes knowledge in healthcare settings and among populations can help in assessing the effectiveness of diabetes educational interventions. Concerted efforts to improve diabetes knowledge among Malaysians have the potential to fill knowledge–practice gaps.
FUNGSI GURU DALAM IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM MULTIKULTURAL DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS ISLAM TERPADU AR-RAHMAH MAKASSAR
Authors: TANG MUHAMMAD , RAHMATI DEWI , MUBAROK MUSLIM
Published: May 2024

The research aims to explore the important role of teachers in implementing the multicultural Islamic religious education curriculum at the Ar-Rahmah Makassar Integrated Islamic High School. Through a qualitative approach, data was obtained through in-depth interviews with teachers involved in the curriculum implementation process. Data analysis was carried out using the thematic analysis method. The findings show that teachers have a key role in integrating the values of multiculturalism in Islamic religious teaching. They act as facilitators who create inclusive learning environments, promote a deep understanding of cultural diversity, and facilitate intercultural dialogue in the classroom. Apart from that, teachers also act as models who provide positive examples of tolerance, mutual understanding and respect for differences. The implication of this research is the important role of teachers in building a deep understanding of multiculturalism among students, so that they can become inclusive and tolerant citizens in a multicultural society.
ABSTRAKPenelitian bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi peran penting guru dalam implementasi kurikulum pendidikan agama Islam multikultural di Sekolah Menengah Atas Islam Terpadu Ar-Rahmah Makassar. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif, data diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam dengan para guru yang terlibat dalam proses implementasi kurikulum tersebut. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode analisis tematik. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa guru memiliki peran kunci dalam mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai multikulturalisme dalam pengajaran agama Islam. Mereka bertindak sebagai fasilitator yang menciptakan lingkungan pembelajaran inklusif, mempromosikan pemahaman yang mendalam tentang keberagaman budaya, serta memfasilitasi dialog antarbudaya di kelas. Selain itu, guru juga berperan sebagai model yang memberikan contoh positif dalam sikap toleransi, saling pengertian, dan menghormati perbedaan. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah pentingnya peran guru dalam membangun pemahaman yang mendalam tentang multikulturalisme di kalangan siswa, sehingga mereka dapat menjadi warga negara yang inklusif dan toleran di masyarakat yang multikultural.
SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT: O ESTRESSE OCUPACIONAL DOS PROFISSIONAIS DE ENFERMAGEM
Authors: Araujo Eder Filipe Pereira de , Ferreira Deziany da Silva , Lopes Júnior Hélio Marco Pereira
Published: May 2024

A Síndrome de Burnout, também conhecida como síndrome do esgotamento profissional, é um distúrbio psicológico que afeta principalmente indivíduos que enfrentam altos níveis de estresse crônico em seus ambientes de trabalho. A presente pesquisa investiga os fatores que conduzem os profissionais de enfermagem, sobretudo aqueles que atuam em unidades de emergência, ao desenvolvimento da Síndrome de Burnout. Destarte, o objetivo geral foi discutir sobre os fatores que podem levar o profissional de enfermagem, em especial os que trabalham em unidades de emergência, a adquirirem a síndrome de Burnout, considerando o estresse que envolve a profissão. O método de pesquisa utilizado foi a revisão integrativa, com abordagem do tipo qualitativa. Os resultados demonstram que a Síndrome de Burnout representa uma preocupação significativa na enfermagem, afetando o bem-estar dos profissionais, e também a qualidade do cuidado prestado aos pacientes. Este estudo ressalta a necessidade de estratégias de prevenção e intervenção para garantir a saúde dos enfermeiros e a eficácia do sistema de saúde como um todo.
A NECESSIDADE DE PROTEÇÃO INTEGRAL DAS MULHERES PERANTE A VIOLÊNCIA ESTRUTURAL, NATURALIZADA E INVIABILIZADA: ADOÇÃO DE MEDIDAS DE PROTEÇÃO DE URGÊNCIA SUMARIAMENTE
Authors: Pereira Andressa Rodrigues , Furlan Fernando Palma Pimenta
Published: May 2024

Os crimes de violência física e/ou verbal contra a mulher têm como proteção jurídica a Lei Maria da Penha, que vem proteger as vítimas de violência e traz medidas de prevenção e penalização. Por conta disso, o presente estudo teve como foco a discussão acerca das medidas protetivas frente à Lei Maria da Penha. Para melhor entendimento dessa temática, analisou-se a eficácia dessas medidas no Brasil. No campo metodológico, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica, com fundamento em artigos científicos, livros, periódicos, jurisprudência e na legislação atual sobre o respectivo tema. A coleta de dados foi feita por meio de banco de dados tais como Scielo, Google Acadêmico, dentre outros, no período de 2018 a 2023. Nos resultados, evidenciou-se que as medidas aqui analisadas são de enorme importância para as mulheres vitimadas. Ao oferecer medidas de proteção, as vítimas são capacitadas a tomar medidas para garantir sua própria segurança e a de seus filhos. Isso pode ajudar a restaurar um senso de controle sobre suas vidas e promover sua autonomia. Apesar de reconhecer a sua relevância, os dados mostram que elas ainda não são plenamente eficazes, haja vista que as mulheres ainda continuam sendo violentadas e mortas em seus lares e na sociedade diariamente, continuamente. Muitas delas são vítimas de feminicídio já tendo passado por alguma medida protetiva de urgência. Ou seja, mesmo impostas, elas não impedem que as vítimas ainda continuem a sofrerem agressões ou até mesmo de serem mortas.
RESPONSABILIDADE CIVIL POR DESISTÊNCIA NO PROCESSO DE ADOÇÃO
Authors: Silva Thaize Cristina Gomes , Medrado Lucas Cavalcante
Published: May 2024

O estudo realiza uma análise dos processos de adoção que envolveram pedidos de desistência, averiguando a possibilidade de cabimento de indenização por danos morais nesses casos, de modo a suprir a violação ao íntimo dos menores. O objetivo geral deste trabalho é verificar se há possibilidade de indenização por danos morais nos casos em que os adotantes desistem da adoção após o trânsito em julgado da sentença. O método de abordagem teórica é o dedutivo, utilizando das disposições do Código Civil de 2002, e Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente, bem como os entendimentos doutrinários e jurisprudenciais. Quanto aos resultados, tem-se que os efeitos da adoção previstos no artigo 39 do ECA, são considerados como irrevogáveis, tendo em vista a igualdade entre filhos esculpida na Constituição Federal de 1988. Contudo, o Superior Tribunal de Justiça, no julgamento do Recurso Especial nº 1.892.782, afastou a irrevogabilidade da adoção, com a justificativa de melhor interesse para o menor. Conclui-se que a devolução da criança e do adolescente, seja no estágio de conveniência ou após o trânsito em julgado da sentença, ocasiona consequências psicológicas para os menores, que vão desde o sentido de rejeição até mesmo mudanças de comportamentos e desencadeamento de traumas.
O OBJETIVO DE HANS KELSEN COM A TEORIA PURA DO DIREITO
Authors: Tamiello Vitor
Published: May 2024

Por intermédio de análise bibliográfica, este artigo investiga o objetivo de Kelsen ao elaborar a Teoria Pura do Direito. Expõe-se, inicialmente, a influência em Kelsen do contexto do começo do século XX, permeado pelo formalismo jurídico, por uma pretensão cientificista das ciências humanas e pelas constantes ingerências de outras ciências na esfera jurídica. Passa-se à análise do espírito que moveu Kelsen na direção de uma teoria normativista, destacando-se tanto a influência do empirismo lógico no seu pensamento quanto a sua defesa do pluralismo democrático. Investiga-se, então, a Teoria Pura, constatando-se sua influência kantiana e suas bases exclusivamente normativas. Por fim, conclui-se que Kelsen objetivava a criação de uma metodologia exclusivamente lógica para análise do direito positivo, afastando-o de considerações valorativas e proporcionando a produção de conhecimento objetivo e exato, próprio de uma genuína ciência do direito.
Spatial variability and future evolution of surface solar radiation over Northern France and Benelux: a regional climate model approach
Authors: Chesnoiu Gabriel , Chiapello Isabelle , Ferlay Nicolas , Nabat Pierre , Mallet Marc , Riffault Véronique
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Improving knowledge of current and future spatio-temporal variability of surface solar radiation is essential in the context of climate change and associated environmental and societal issues. Such an evolution will be influenced by changes in both meteorological parameters and atmospheric composition, notably by anthropogenic emissions. We investigate both all-sky and clear-sky surface solar radiation (SSR) variability, along with cloud cover, aerosols and water vapor content, over Northern France and Benelux. This region of Europe is largely influenced by cloudy conditions and anthropogenic aerosols, especially nitrate species. Our analysis relies on the CNRM-ALADIN64 regional climate model at 12.5 km x 12.5 km spatial resolution, which includes the TACTIC interactive aerosol scheme. First, hindcast reanalysis-driven simulations over 2010–2020 allow a regional evaluation of ALADIN outputs and to investigate recent spatial variability of SSR and associated atmospheric parameters. Secondly, their possible evolution at mid and end of the 21st century are investigated based on ALADIN climate simulations following two contrasted CMIP6 scenarios, namely the shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP), SSP1-1.9 and SSP3-7.0. Our regional evaluation of clear-sky and all-sky SSR, clear-sky frequency and aerosols over northern France and Benelux shows reasonable agreement between 2010–2020 ALADIN hindcast simulations and coincident multi-site ground-based measurements, despite some overestimation of nitrate aerosols in spring and an overall underestimation of organic particles by the model. Focusing on spring and summer seasons, hindcast simulations show maximum of solar radiation around the southern parts and over sea areas of the region. In addition to latitudinal effects, elevated aerosol loads over Benelux, and high cloud cover over the South West of England reduce the SSR. Compared to 2005–2014 atmospheric conditions, ALADIN mid and long-term simulations for SSP1-1.9 predict a significant reduction of aerosol loads, especially over the Benelux, associated with an increase in future clear-sky SSR but geographically limited all-sky SSR evolution. In contrast, SSP3-7.0 simulations projected pronounced and extended decreases of clear-sky and all-sky SSR over most of the Benelux/northern France region. These reductions are maximum in spring due to combined effects of cloud cover and nitrate aerosol increases over the Benelux starting in 2050, that are amplified by an additional water vapor increase in 2100. Thus, this regional climate model approach suggests that future SSR evolution over this part of western Europe will be drastically affected by combined effects of anthropogenic aerosol emissions trajectories, cloud cover and water vapor changes, which also induce strong spatial patterns.
Convolutional Neural Networks for Sea Surface Data Assimilation in Operational Ocean Models: Test Case in the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Zavala-Romero Olmo , Bozec Alexandra , Chassignet Eric P. , Miranda Jose R.
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Deep learning models have demonstrated remarkable success in fields such as language processing and computer vision, routinely employed for tasks like language translation, image classification, and anomaly detection. Recent advancements in ocean sciences, particularly in data assimilation (DA), suggest that machine learning can emulate dynamical models, replace traditional DA steps to expedite processes, or serve as hybrid surrogate models to enhance forecasts. However, these studies often rely on ocean models of intermediate complexity, which involve significant simplifications that present challenges when transitioning to full-scale operational ocean models. This work explores the application of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in assimilating sea surface height and sea surface temperature data using the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) in the Gulf of Mexico. The CNNs are trained to correct model errors from a two-year, high-resolution (1/25°) HYCOM dataset, assimilated using the Tendral Statistical Interpolation System (TSIS). We assess the performance of the CNNs across five controlled experiments, designed to provide insights into their application in environments governed by full primitive equations, real observations, and complex topographies. The experiments focus on evaluating: 1) the architecture and complexity of the CNNs, 2) the type and quantity of observations, 3) the type and number of assimilated fields, 4) the impact of training window size, and 5) the influence of coastal boundaries. Our findings reveal significant correlations between the chosen training window size—a factor not commonly examined—and the CNNs' ability to assimilate observations effectively. We also establish a clear link between the CNNs' architecture and complexity and their overall performance.
Supervision over schools and its instruments in the operation of the
Commission of National Education
Authors: Stachowicz Jacek
Published: May 2024

Artykuł jest próbą przedstawienia fenomenu Komisji Edukacji Narodowej i jej dzieła reformy oświaty przez pryzmat nadzoru i kontroli nad szkołami. Nadzór administracyjny i pedagogiczny oraz kontrola stanowiły istotny aspekt funkcjonowania stworzonego przez KEN systemu szkolnego. Nadzór nad szkołami był hierarchiczny – wyższe szczeble kształcenia nadzorowały szkoły ze szczebla niższego. Najistotniejszym instrumentem nadzoru sprawowanego przez Szkoły Główne w imieniu KEN wobec szkół były coroczne wizytacje generalne, które przeprowadzali profesorowie Szkół Głównych, także zaufani rektorzy wydziałowi. Dopełnieniem wizytacji generalnych i drugim instrumentem sprawowanego przez Szkoły Główne nadzoru, były sprawozdania z działalności dydaktycznej i nadzorczej, przesyłane przynajmniej co pół roku przez szkoły wydziałowe oraz podwydziałowe. Artykuł odpowiada na pytanie: co stanowi potwierdzenie wysokiej skuteczności i efektywności nadzoru i kontroli nad szkołami w okresie działalności KEN?
Olsztyn initiatives dedicated to the 250th anniversary of establishing
the Commission of National Education under the supervision
of the Education Commission of the Scientific Society of Wojciech
Kętrzyński in Olsztyn
Authors: Radziszewska Maria Jolanta
Published: May 2024

Projekt badawczy skupia się na przeglądzie wydarzeń, jakie miały miejsce w Olsztynie z okazji jubileuszu 250. rocznicy Komisji Edukacji Narodowej. 14 października 1773 roku powołano Komisję Edukacji Narodowej, która jest uważana za jedno z największych osiągnięć polskiego oświecenia, polskiej i światowej myśli i praktyki pedagogicznej. Funkcjonowała pod nazwą „Komisja nad Edukacyją Młodzi Narodowej Szlacheckiej Dozór Mającej”. Była świecką władzą oświatową. Organ o takich uprawnieniach utworzono po raz pierwszy w Europie. W opracowaniu szczególnie skupiono się na prezentacji przedsięwzięć, których inspiratorami byli członkowie Komisji Edukacji Towarzystwa Naukowego im. Wojciecha Kętrzyńskiego w Olsztynie. Przybliżono tu takie formy upowszechniania wiedzy jako konferencja naukowa czy wystawy.
Madrid islámico, Madrid olvidado: análisis de la disonancia patrimonial desde el caso del lienzo de muralla de la Cuesta de la Vega
Authors: García Ferragud Javier
Published: May 2024

En este artículo se analiza la disonancia patrimonial, en forma de aparente desconexión con ciertas herencias patrimoniales, por diversos motivos, en torno a los restos arqueológicos de la muralla islámica de Madrid, partiendo del caso del lienzo de la Cuesta de la Vega. Para ello se ha estudiado la documentación arqueológica generada en las últimas décadas del siglo pasado y se ha planteado un análisis relacionando dicha información con otros factores importantes para la interpretación patrimonial, como la identidad y la construcción cultural del discurso. Así pues, en este artículo se pretende transitar desde lo particular (el lienzo de muralla) hacia lo general (líneas de estudio, debates y referencias), relacionado con otros casos de patrimonio islámico en la ciudad de Madrid. El resultado permite profundizar en el conocimiento del patrimonio cultural y de su gestión, así como de los factores sociales, ideológicos y culturales que han influido directamente en ello, configurando un discurso cultural sesgado sobre las realidades patrimoniales heredadas socialmente. Todo ello se ha podido realizar gracias a la consulta de expedientes arqueológicos y la documentación adjunta a los mismos, lo que se perfila como una herramienta de gran utilidad de cara a otros trabajos
O direito à educação no Mercosul: ações de acolhimento de imigrantes em Dourados-MS
Authors: Viegas Elis Regina dos Santos , Domingues Alex Torres
Published: May 2024

O fluxo migratório dentro do Mercado Comum do Sul (Mercosul) é uma questão significativa, e a livre circulação de pessoas é um dos princípios fundamentais estabelecidos. Mesmo que direitos humanos seja um tema presente nas pesquisas recentes sobre fenômenos migratórios, ainda são escassos os estudos que relacionam o direito à educação e os novos contornos das migrações contemporâneas. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo é evidenciar as ações adotadas pelo município de Dourados, no Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), no que se refere à garantia do direito à educação aos imigrantes oriundos da região do Mercosul. A opção metodológica é de natureza teórico-documental, de abordagem qualitativa. As análises indicam que a efetivação do direito à educação para imigrantes requer uma conduta abrangente que considere diversas dimensões do fenômeno, como: orientações, fluxos e protocolos, mapeamento e identificação, acolhimento, tradução e interpretação, flexibilidade, projetos de integração cultural, formação continuada, monitoramento e avaliação contínua, rede de apoio e acesso a recursos sociais.
Procesos educativos emancipatorios: profundizando el diálogo impostergable con los movimientos contrahegemónico
Authors: Fernandes María Lidia Bueno , Núñez Patiño Kathia , González Martín Plascencia
Published: May 2024

El artículo aborda la perspectiva teórica de la educación intercultural y presenta experiencias educativas que escapan a la estandarización y homogeneización en que la educación formal tradicional se envuelve. Así, anclado en diálogos con los Proyectos Populares, presenta experiencias que, junto con los movimientos sociales, articulan respuestas a la crisis social y educativa contemporánea. En términos teóricos, discute la perspectiva de la escuela en contexto, es decir, la escuela contextualizada territorial y culturalmente. La investigación es cualitativa y se basa en metodologías que tienen el diálogo como principio. Finalmente, concluimos que las prácticas de organización política generadas por los movimientos sociales son antorchas para la construcción de proyectos y prácticas educativas contrahegemónicas.
Resenha: TIRIBA, Léa. Educação Infantil como direito e alegria: em busca de pedagogias ecológicas, populares e libertárias. São Paulo: Paz & Terra, 2021. 308 p.
Authors: Polli Bianca , Camargo Daiana
Published: May 2024

Resenha do livro "Educação Infantil como direito e alegria: em busca de pedagogias ecológicas, populares e libertárias", de Léa Tiriba. São Paulo: Paz & Terra, 2021. 308 p.
Analysis of the Influence of Customer Satisfaction on Mobile Banking Services at One of the State Owned Banks in Medan
Authors: Nasution Ferdi Dermawan
Published: May 2024

This research aims to determine the influence of mobile banking user-friendliness, mobile banking usage risks, and mobile banking service features on mobile banking services, both simultaneously and partially. The sample used in this study consisted of 30 participants. The research method employed a quantitative descriptive approach with multiple linear regression analysis techniques. The results of this study indicate that simultaneously, the variables of mobile banking user-friendliness and mobile banking service features have a positive and significant impact on customer satisfaction with mobile banking services. Partially, only the variable of mobile banking usage risks has a positive but nonsignificant influence on mobile banking services. The influence of service quality found in mobile banking is 58%, while 42% is influenced by other variables outside of this regression model.
Microirrigation for Onion Cultivation in a Canal Command Area
Authors: Satyendra Kumar  , Ashwani Kumar
Published: May 2024

Two-year field studies were carried out to determine the impact of an irrigation system comprising a secondary reservoir and pressurized (microsprinkler and drip) irrigation method in a canal irrigated area. It was hypothesized that such a system with appropriate irrigation schedule would facilitate vegetable cultivation, which requires frequent watering. The experimental crop was onion, which was irrigated through microsprinkler and drip irrigation method at irrigation schedules of 0.60; 0.80; 1.00 and 1.20 of pan evaporation (Ep). Results of the study revealed that using this system, onion production was more profitable as compared to existing irrigation practice. Between the two, microsprinkler had a better economics than drip. This conclusion is, however, dependent upon market price of onion, as with price Rs. 1.50/kg or lower, the system may become unprofitable.
Performance Evaluation of Field Balers
Authors: Sandhya  , Surendra Singh  , Anoop Dixit
Published: May 2024

The field balers have been recently introduced in India for recovery of the straw from the field. Two experiments were conducted for evaluating the performance of the balers in the field; one experiment was conducted in cotnbine harvested field and another in the field where stubble shaver was operated after combine harvesting. The straw baler gave better performance in stubble shaver operated field as compared to combine-harvested field. The bale size varied slightly in the field. Weight of the bales varied from 20-27 kg for paddy straw and 7-12 kg for wheat straw, The density varied from 130-200 kg/m3 for paddy straw and 39-61 kg/m3 for wheat straw.. Fuel consumption of baler was in the range of 5.0 to 5.5 I/h. The field capacity of baler was 0.36 ha/h for paddy crop.
Influence of Premilling Treatments on Val Recovery and Cooking Characteristics of Pigeon Pea
Authors: S. D. Deshpande  , R. H. Balasubramanya  , Shabina Khan  , D. K. Bhatt
Published: May 2024

Pre-milling treatments play an important role in improving the dal recovery by loosening the husk from the cotyledons. Pre-milling trials conducted on pigeon pea grain employing soyoil-water and CIRCOT microbial consortium treatments showed dal recovery of67.61 to 70.39% and 71.39 to 73.85%, respectively in comparison to the dal recovery of 63.19 to 66.27% by conventional dal milling method. Further, the range of variation of solid dispersion during the cooking was observed to be 0.24 to 0.80 g/10g for raw grain, 0.27 to 0.85 g/10g for soyoil treated grain and 0.45 to 1.75 g/10g for consortium treated grains. The optimum cooking time was found to be 38 min for soyoil treated grain, 33 min for microbial consortium treated grain as compared to 43 min for raw untreated grain. Based on the results obtained, the microbial consortium pre-milling treatment was observed to be the most appropriate and promising.
Drying Kinetics of Button Mushroom in Fluidized Bed
Authors: Sudhir Kumar Singh  , Maharaj Narain  , B K Kumbhar
Published: May 2024

Kinetics of sliced edible mushrooms were studied during fluidized bed drying at different temperatures (50,60, 70, 80 & 90°C). Prior to drying, sliced samples were pretreated: a) blanching, b) soaking in 0.5% KMS (Potassium Metabisulphite) solution, c) soaking in 1% KMS, 0.2% Citric Acid, 6% Sugar & 3% Salt, d) blanching and soaking in 0.5% KMS and e) blanching and soaking in 1% KMS, 0.2 % Citric Acid, 6% Sugar and 3% Salt. It was found that drying rate was proportional to temperature. It was also found that drying behaviour followed the Arrehenius relationship. The values of energy of activation ranged between 12.128 to 40.149 kJ/mol. Exponential model was found to be better fit than Page's model for predicting the drying behaviour of button mushroom.
Assessment of Crop Water Demand in Orissa
Authors: R. B. Singandhupe  , Ranu Rani Sethi  , B. K. James  , Ashwani Kumar
Published: May 2024

The study aims to assess the season wise total water available through rainfall and the evaporative demand of crops and then to evaluate deficit/surplus water available for further use. The district- wise monthly evaporative demand of Orissa was calculated as per the globally accepted method of FAO 56 - Penman Monteith. The results revealed that the evaporative demand (ETo) is greater than water supply through rains. The annual water available through rain is 1492.8 mm against the evaporative demand of 1657.8 mm; hence there was deficit of only 9.94 %. In non-coastal districts of Orissa, excess rainfall (649.62 to 841.9mm) over the crop evaporative demand (580.5 to 647.2mm) is higher as compared to coastal districts. When season wise crop evaporative demand and availability of rainwater as supply is concerned, in most of the districts, the availability of water during kharif season (June to October) through rainwater is quite high than the crop evaporative demand. During rabi and summer season (November -March and April-May) it is deficit. Rice being a major crop of this state consumes more water, its substitution with oilseed and pulse crops which are less water requirement, is highly beneficial to increase overall income of the farmers and also save good amount of water.
A Study on Physical Properties of Okra Pod and Seed
Authors: H. L. Kushwaha  , A. P. Srivastava  , Harpal Singh
Published: May 2024

A few selected physical properties of okra pod and seed were determined for creation of some basic data for application in designing seed extractor. The average geometrical mean diameter, roundness and sphericity were found 4.9 mm, 79.3% and 86.4%, respectively at the 11.2% moisture content (d. b.). The bulk density of seed was found 0.58 g/cc whereas, true density, porosity and volume were 1.2 g/cc, 49.1% and 0.7 cc, respectively. The mean value of angle of repose and coefficient of static friction of seed were 28.7° and 0.21, respectively. The terminal velocity of okra seed increased from 3.3 to 3.6 m/s as the moisture content increased from 10.8 to 15.5 % (d.b.). The compressive strength of the pod varied from 146.1 to 238.3 N at the corresponding displacement of5.8 to 7.0 mm and for the pod head from 121.6 to 169.5 N, at the corresponding displacement of 4.1 to 5.8 mm. The mean value of peak compressive force for seed to fail was 96.9 N at the corresponding displacement of 0.9 mm.
Integrated Modeling Approach to Improve Hydraulic Performance of a Main Canal System
Authors: A. Mishra  , R. Singh  , N.S. Raghuwansh
Published: May 2024

Realizing the need for improving the performance of the existing irrigation systems within their physical constraints, an integrated optimization-simulation (lOS) model is developed and applied to the Right Bank Main Canal (RBMC) system of Kangsabati Irrigation Project, West Bengal, India. The model decides the time series optimal canal releases at the system source and selected inline structures. The integrated model consists of a non linear optimization routine, a canal hydraulic module (MIKE I I) and a command hydrological module (MIKE SHE). An improved rotational delivery schedule developed earlier is used in conjunction with the integrated model. To evaluate effectiveness of integrated model in improving the performance of a main canal system, three-simulation scenarios such as (i) MIKE 11 and MIKE SHE simulation (MMS), (ii) Integrated Optimization-Simulation (lOS), and (iii) Integrated Optimization-Simulation with Improved Schedule (lOS_IS) are considered. Simulation results using the integrated model and improved delivery schedule recorded a significant improvement in the values of three performance indicators Le., adequacy, equity and dependability. Three-year average of weighted adequacy improved from 0.65 to 0.71 (lOS and lOS_IS); whereas three-year average equity improved from 0.32 to 0.22 (lOS) and 0.18 (lOS_IS). Similarly, three-year average of weighted dependability improved from 0.62 to 0.49 (lOS and lOS_IS). Encouraging results demonstrated the capability of integrated modeling approach as a cost-effective solution for improved system performance within the existing infrastructure.
Microtube Irrigation For Banana Cultivation in South Bihar: Participatory Assessement and Refinement
Authors: P.R. Bhatnagar  , A.K. Sikka  , U.S. Gautam  , S.S. Singh  , Ujjwal Kumar  , K. Rajan
Published: May 2024

To evaluate the efficacy of drip irrigation to improve production and quality of horticultural crops in humid region of eastern India, a participatory study was carried out at four locations in Patna district (Bihar, India) with banana as target crop. Initially, the system was laid out as per conventional design having TABE (take apart button emitter) with 12mm lateral which gave 7.2 I/h discharge with coefficient of variation of 54%. The system was refined to improve its performance and reduce the cost as per need and perception of the farmers. Farmers expressed one TABE per plant insufficient and hence, TABE were replaced with newly designed star microtube emitters, which delivered water at four points in a circle of 25 cm diameter around a plant. A decreasing trend in the discharge along lateral was observed which was rectified by replacing the lateral with 16mm lateral. The system had better performance with less discharge variations and cheap as compared to conventional system. The system was tested with two varieties of banana: Alpan and dwarf Cavendish. Farmers were satisfied with the refinements and realized advantages of drip irrigation in early shooting and bunch emergence, better finger size and bunch size, and better returns. Considering annualised cost of the drip system and benefits due to improved production only, the B-C ratio was 1.0 I to 1.87 for var. Alpan and 1.61 to 1.75 for var. dwarf Cavendish.
Weeders for Drudgery Reduction of Women Farm Workers in India
Authors: Suman Singh  , Puja Mathur  , Madhu Rathore
Published: May 2024

Women playa vital role in agriculture. Rural women perform the entire household activities as well as they are employed in most arduous field operations. They are also engaged in post harvest and agro-processing activities. Weeding activity is predominantly carried out by women. Weeding activity is a strenuous one and the odd posture adopted by women while weeding may increase the heart rate out of proportion and lead to irreparable damage to the body. The present research assesses three types of weeders on ergonomic parameters with a view to promote health, efficiency and consequently improving the quality of work life. The study was conducted in vegetable fields on 30 farm women in the age group of 25-40 years having normal blood pressure, body temperature and not suffering from any chronic illness. Ergonomic cost of weeding activity was calculated in terms of heart rate and energy expenditure. Body map technique was used to assess the musculo-skeletal discomfort of the workers. Results of the study revealed that all three weeders proved efficient on ergonomic parameters; reduced average working heart rate, energy expenditure and output as compared to traditional tool. The posture improved while working with weeders as the bending and squatting posture employed while weeding with traditional method was replaced by standing posture.
Development of High Clearance Power Sprayer for Cotton
Authors: J. S. Mahal  , L K. Garg  , V. K. Sharma  , A. K. Dixit
Published: May 2024

A self-propelled high clearance sprayer for spraying on cotton crop was developed. The sprayer is powered by a two cylinder 20 hp diesel engine and has a ground clearance of·1200 mm. Maximum road speed of the sprayer is 20 km/h and can be operated at field speeds upto 5 km/h. The boom width of the sprayer is 8.87 m with 14 nozzles spaced at 67.5 cm. Effective width of coverage is 9.45 m. Boom height can be adjusted from 315 mm to 1685 mm to suit different crops heights. Machine's track width is 1320 mm. During operation two rows of cotton crop come under the machine chassis. The tank capacity is 1000 litres sufficient to cover 4 ha with one filling. The machine can cover an area of 2 ha/h and the tank is refilled every two hours. Tank refilling time is about 30-45 min depending upon the distance of water source. Mechanical damage caused by the movement of high clearance sprayer was less than that caused by commonly used tractor operated sprayers. Average yield obtained from area sprayed by high clearance sprayer was 10% higher than the area sprayed by tractor operated sprayer.
Spatial Modeling of Soil Salinity for Impact Assessment of Subsurface Drainage System
Authors: A. Kumar  , A. Sarangi  , O.P. Singh  , R. N. Sahoo  , A. K. Singh
Published: May 2024

Knowledge of spatial variability of the soil and water properties of the subsurtace drained field is essential to analyze and evaluate the spatial impact of a subsurface drainage system. The present study was carried out to develop the spatial variability maps of soil salinity using geostatistical approach and evaluate the impact of subsurface drainage system on soil salinity in an area ofabout 1000 ha in Western Yamuna Canal Command in Gohana sub-division of Sonepat District of Haryana Soil salinity datasets were subjected to exploratory data analysis using the GS+@ and Geostatistical module of ArcGIS"'. The semivariogram analysis revealed that the spherical semivariogram model fitted well to describe the spatial variability of soil salinity as evident from high coefficient of determination, R2, (0.957<R2<O.994) and least residual sum of squares, RSS, (0.003<RSS<0.006). The developed semivariogram models indicated strong spatial structure and low nugget values as an indicator of better model prediction. Moreover, the cross validation results and prediction error statistics showed that the mean error and the mean reduced error were close to zero, the mean reduced variances were observed to be within acceptable range of I ± 0.20, and the mean absolute error and the root mean square error were low for all the models. Subsequently, the kriged maps for soil salinity were generated using ordinary kriging. It was observed from spatial analysis of the kriged maps that the salt affected area decreased from 56% to 35% after introduction of subsurface drainage. Moreover, out of35% of salt affected area only 1.73% lands were strongly saline and the remaining land was moderately saline after drainage.
Straw Management with Spatially Modified No-Till Drill in Combine Harvested Rice Field
Authors: Manjeet Singh  , Aseem Verma  , L N Shukla
Published: May 2024

In rice-wheat crop rotation, the loose straw left after harvesting by combines results in frequent choking of the drill. A No-till drill with straw thrower assembly was developed to sow directly in combine harvested paddy field. Field evaluation of machine was done to optimize its performance affected by the various independent parameters Le. Vertical clearance of the frame, lateral spacing between the openers and belt speed index of the machine. Optimization of the machine performance was done on the basis of straw management and conveying efficiency, straw accumulation (kg/ha) and uniformity of straw throwing. Straw management efficiency was improved by about 12,10 and 4% by increasing the belt speed index from 5.8 to 7.8, vertical frame clearance from 30 cm to 60 cm and lateral clearance between the openers from 40 cm to 80 cm, respectively. Maximum straw management and conveying efficiency of the experimental machine was 93.8% and 77.83%, respectively at a combination of the belt speed index 7.8, lateral spacing between the openers 80 and 40 cm and 60 cm vertical clearance of frame. Average straw accumulation was 1400 kg/ha, 1000 kg/ha and 500 kg/ha with the increase in belt speed index from 5.8 to 7.8, vertical clearance of frame from 45 cm to 60 cm and lateral spacing between the openers from 40 cm to 80 cm, respectively. Straw was thrown by the straw thrower with maximum uniformity having minimum C.V. (17.7%) at a combination of belt speed index 7.8, vertical clearance of frame 60 cm and lateral spacing between openers 60 cm. Optimal combination; at which maximum straw managed was 93.8%, threw the straw with C.V. 21.6% and minimum straw accumulation was 633.2 kg/ha, was at belt speed index 7.8, vertical frame clearance 60 cm and lateral spacing between openers 40 and 80 cm.
Design of Border Irrigation System Using SURDEV for Medium Soils
Authors: Rajan Aggarwal  , Samanpreet Kaur  , Sunil Garg  , Kumari Reeta
Published: May 2024

Border irrigation method is used to irrigate most of the field crops. Accurate design and high quality optimization of the border irrigation system is necessary for efficient and judicious use of water resources. SURDEV was used for the design and evaluation of border irrigation system for medium soils for irrigation depth 75 mm, stream size of 10, 15,20,30,45 and 60 I1sec and border length of60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 m. The outputs of SURDEV provided optimum field dimensions for irrigating the small-drilled grain crops in medium textured soils
Digital Literacy and Inclusive Growth: Examining Digital Empowerment of Female Students in Lahore
Authors: Arif Atifa , Batool Hafsah , Asgher Shabana
Published: May 2024

The digital economy has created various entrepreneurship opportunities for women in Pakistan. E-commerce platforms and online marketplaces have enabled women to start their own businesses, reach a larger customer base, and overcome traditional gender-based constraints. The ability to operate businesses from home has also provided flexibility, allowing women to balance their work and family responsibilities. The primary objective is to explore the digital empowerment status of female students in Lahore. This study utilizes a modified scale for the dependent variable, focusing on the dimensions of digital awareness, legal understanding, and economic aspects of digital empowerment. To investigate digital empowerment, the questionnaire is distributed to gather data from 390 female students of both public and private universities in Lahore, Pakistan. Data is analyzed using Smart-PLS 4 and SPSS, while graphical analysis is done through R studio. Frequency, mean, standard deviation, and percentage of variables are calculated for data analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis CFA is used to evaluate the hypotheses. The results reveal that the majority of the 65.3% of respondents have a medium level of digital empowerment.  Income has a positive and significant impact on digital empowerment. Digital literacy skills, digital training, and internet skills have positive and significant impact on digital empowerment. Independent variables are considered as important factors in promoting digital empowerment among female students. Institutions and discipline negatively and significantly influence digital empowerment. Additionally, the study examines female students' access to a digital device and their internet usage behavior. Results show that 25.9% of respondents do not have access to the device at home. This research endeavors to pave the way for policy formulation aimed at empowering young female students with essential digital literacy skills that align with international standards.
Engineering Geological and Hydrotechnical Conditions of Primorsko Fishing Port, SE Bulgaria
Authors: Dimitrov Dimitar , Georgiev Gencho
Published: May 2024

The present study is related to the preparation of a project for the construction of a fishing port for small vessels in the area between the mouth of the Dyavolska River and Cape Kyupria (SE Bulgaria) with the aim of protecting the water area from dangerous wave loads, geological and meteorological impacts and creating conditions for safe docking, service and accommodation of the fishing vessels. The geological structure, geomorphology and physical-geological phenomena in the water area of Primorsko Fishing Port in the southern part of Cape Kyupria have been clarified. An engineering-geological project was prepared, the physico-mechanical indicators of the construction soils and the geotechnical characteristics of the ground base were determined. A complex package of scientific and engineering-geological methods was applied during the implementation of the project. Based on the obtained scientific and applied results, recommendations were made to the Municipality of Primorsko in connection with the construction of the port. The foundation conditions of the designed wharf with a walled pier are favorable for the construction of the wharf with gravity hydrotechnical facilities.
Effect of Four Weeks Level Ground Side Walking Training on Gluteus Medius Muscle Activation and Gait Parameters in Subjects with Post Stroke Chronic Hemiparesis
Authors: P Darji Priya , J Diwan Shraddha , Ranjan Shashi
Published: May 2024

The Chronic Stroke is the period of recovery that takes place at least six months after the initial stroke event. Regaining the ability to walk is a major goal in stroke rehabilitation. Muscle weakness has been implicated as a factor underlying deficits in gait performance in subjects with stroke. The functions of the Gluteus Medius (Gmed) include initiation of hip abduction and lateral pelvic tilting. Individuals with hip abductor weakness leads to compensatory motion of the lower back, hip, and knee. So aim of the study was to activate gluteus medius muscle by level ground side walking. Subjects with 40-65 years of age both male and female with Post stroke duration more than 6 months and able to walk 10 meter with or without aid or orthosis were included. Subjects with severe spasticity, fixed contractures of adductor group of muscles & Traumatic orthopaedic Disorder of Lower Extremity were excluded. Subjects in this study participated in intervention group 30 minutes of conventional therapy with 30 minutes of level ground side walking training and in control group along with conventional treatment 30 minutes of forward walking training were given. Gluteus medius muscle activation and strength using surface Emg and hand held dynamometer, gait speed using 10MWT and spatiotemporal gait parameters using instrumented shoes along with Foot prints were taken prior and 4 weeks post intervention. On analysis, there was significant improvement in gluteus medius muscle strength and activation, there was significant difference in gait speed and spatiotemporal gait parameters. Based on the results of present study, it can be concluded that level ground side walking is effective in improving strength of hip abductors, spatiotemporal gait parameters and walking speed in post stroke chronic hemiparesis.

Key words: Gluteus medius muscle, side walking, Stroke
Six Minute Step Test Vs. Six Minute Walk Test to Measure VO2 Peak in Obese Class 1 Adults: An Observational Study
Authors: P. Vengurlekar Dharini , Panwar Jahnvi
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Exercise testing and interpretation is important for determining exercise capacity and identifying factors which might limit the exercise performance. Impaired cardiorespiratory fitness and sedentary lifestyle are hallmarks of obesity and thus assessing the VO2 peak in such a population is important. While both the SMST and 6MWT are commonly used functional tests, limited research directly compares their effectiveness in Class 1 obese adults. Addressing this gap in the literature can provide valuable insights into the strengths and limitations of each test, guiding researchers and clinicians in selecting the most appropriate assessment tool for this specific population. Identifying the test that poses lower risks and discomfort for obese individuals is essential to ensure their safety during exercise testing. This observational study aimed to compare the Six Minute Step Test (6MST) and the Six Minute Walk Test (6MWT) in measuring VO2 peak in obese Class 1 adults.
Method: This Observational study, with convenient sampling and sample size 66, included adults between age 18- 25 within the category of Obese Class 1 (BMI 30-34.9 kg/m2). The exclusion criteria was any Cardio-vascular and respiratory conditions, recent fractures or diagnosed case of any neurological condition. The participants performed both the 6 Minute Walk Test and 6 Minute Step Test in random order and the heart rate and SpO2 were recorded pre and post-test, and VO2 peak was calculated by the indirect method.
Result: Results were calculated using paired t-test and significant statistical difference was found between the 6 Minute Walk test and 6 Minute Step Test. Specifically, both VO2 peak and heart rate were significantly different between the tests, with 6MST yielding higher values.
Conclusion: Consequently, this study suggests that 6MST cannot substitute for 6MWT in assessing aerobic capacity in Class 1 obese adults. The implications of these findings underscore the importance of considering specific physiological demands and practical constraints when selecting assessment tools for this population.

Key words: 6 Minute Walk Test, 6 Minute Step Test, Obesity, VO2 Peak, Obese Class 1, Cardiorespiratory fitness.