bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Topical issues of building a "strong banking system" in interbank competition: analysis and e
Authors: Хамитхан Н. , Кабашева Н.В. , Khamithan N. , Kabashеva N.
Published: May 2021

Мақалада банк секторының бәсекеге қабілеттілігін және қаржылық тұрақтылығын арттыру мақсатында қажетті талаптарға сәйкес болмауын анықтау мәселесі туындап отыр. Сол себебті, ҚР банк секторы сапалы өнім ұсыну мен қызмет көрсету мақсатында бәсекеге қабілеттілікте «күшті банк жүйесін» құрудағы қаржылық инновациялардың өзгерістерін бағалау үшін Д. Синки "ФОКУС" («ҚАККТ») тұжырымдамасына сүйене отырыпбанк активтерін басқару сапасын арттыру қажеттілігі туындады. Банк активтерін басқару сапасы активтердің өтімділігімен (кредит портфелінің сапасына) тікелей байланысты. Зерттеу объектісі ретінде банк секторының белсенді қызметі таңдалды. Осы зерттеулерді жүргізе отырып, банк секторының кредит портфелінің сапасының құрылымына, заңды және жеке тұлғалардың кредит портфелінің сапасының құрылымына талдау жүргізі отырып, проблемалық несиелердің әр жыл сайынға жағдайына баға берілді. Сондықтан, 90 күннен астам мерзімі өткен берешегі бар қарыздарды ХҚЕС бойынша провизиялармен жабу коэффициентін анықтаумен байланысты болғандықтан мемлекеттің қаржылай қолдаумен проблемалық несиелерді стандартты несиелермен алмастыруға мүмкіндік бере отырып проблемалық несиелерді есептен шығарылғаны атап көрсетілді. Соның ішінде, заңды және жеке тұлғалардың күмәнді және үмітсіз несиелер көлемі талдау арқылы салыстырмалы түрде бағаланып қорытынды берілді.

The article raises the problem of determining non-compliance with the requirements necessary to improve the competitiveness and financial stability of the banking sector.In this regard, in order to assess changes in financial innovations in building a "strong banking system" in the competitiveness of the banking sector of the Republic of Kazakhstan in order to provide quality products and services, it became necessary to improve the quality of asset management of the Bank, based on the concept of D. Sinki "FOCUS".The quality of the Bank's asset management is directly related to the liquidity of assets (the quality of the loan portfolio).Activities of the banking sector was selected as the object of the study.After conducting these studies, analyzing the quality structure of the credit portfolio of the banking sector and the quality structure of the credit portfolio of legal entities and individuals, an assessment of each annual state of problem loans is given.Therefore, due to the determination of the provision coverage ratio under IFRS for loans with overdue debts of more than 90 days, with the financial support of the state, problem loans were written off, allowing to replace them with standard loans.In particular, the volume of doubtful and bad loans to legal entities and individuals was analyzed and conclusions were given.
УЧЕТНАЯ СОСТАВЛЯЮЩАЯ ФИНАНСОВЫХ РЕЗУЛЬТАТОВ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ ОБЩЕСТВЕННОГО ПИТАНИЯ
Authors: Kazhmukhametova A. , Tussibayeva G. , Akimova B. , Кажмухаметова А.А. , Тусибаева Г.С. , Акимова Б.Ж.
Published: May 2021

Properly organized operational and accounting records are essential for controlling the formation of financial results. The article reveals a feature of the economic activity of public catering enterprises, which determines the features of accounting. On the one hand, it is intended to reflect the processes of production (cooking), and on the other - the processes of trade (sales). The costs associated with the sale of products and promotion of products on the market, both industrial and commercial enterprises are defined as the cost of circulation. The paper focuses on the classification and accounting of income and expenses in the field of nutrition. Attention is paid to a relatively new type of service as catering, which has been gaining momentum in recent years. The issue of synthetic and analytical accounting of financial results and disclosure of information in financial statements is discussed. Based on the results of the study, the authors recommended reasonable measures to increase profitability and improve accounting for financial results.

Важное значение в контроле за формированием финансовых результатов имеет правильно организованный на предприятии их оперативный и бухгалтерский учет. В статье раскрыта особенность хозяйственной деятельности предприятий общественного питания, которая определяет особенности ведения бухгалтерского учета. С одной стороны, он призван отражать процессы производства (приготовление пищи), а с другой - процессы торговли (реализации). Расходы, связанные с реализацией продукции и продвижением на рынке произведенной продукции, и у промышленных, и у торговых предприятий определяют как издержки обращения. В работе акцентировано внимание на классификации, учете доходов и расходов в сфере питания. Уделено внимание сравнительно новому вид услуг как кейтеринг, который в последние годы набирает обороты. Обсужден вопрос синтетического и аналитического учета финансовых результатов, раскрытия информации в финансовй отчетности. По результатам исследования авторами рекомендованы обоснованные мероприятия по повышению доходност и совершенствованию учета финансовых результатов.
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE S & OP PROCESS IN THE PRODUCTION AND ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors: Укубасова Г.С. , Ибрагимова Н.В. , Ukubassova G. , Ibragimova N.
Published: May 2021

В статье раскрываются вопросы, касающиеся sales and operations planning, как процесса системного планирования объемов производства, закупок, хранения, перемещений и поставок потребителям продукции, который позволяет оптимизировать расходы указанных процессов, а также процессов логистики, касающихся этапов производственно-хозяйственной деятельности предприятия.
Sales and operations planning это своего рода новый взгляд и подход к осуществлению процесса планирования производственной деятельности предприятия, а так же к его логистической деятельности, дающий возможность адаптироваться к современным тенденциям развития экономики как на микро, так и на макроуровне. Обнаружены проблемы в планировании и организации процессов производства и сбыта продукции на предприятиях, которые приводят к множественным частным корректировкам различного вида производственных планов и тем самым тормозят процессы их деятельности.
Предложено внедрять предприятиям на широкой основе систему S&OP, поскольку она способна обеспечить высокую точность прогноза спроса и является залогом отсутствия потерь во всей цепочке поставок, а также способствует оптимизации работы компании в целом. Объектом исследования в статье является процесс планирования продаж и операций (Sales and Operations Planning, S&OP) на предприятиях.

The article covers issues related to sales and operations planning, as a process of system planning of production volumes, purchases, storage, movement and delivery of products to consumers, which allows you to optimize the costs of these processes, as well as logistics processes related to the stages of production and economic activity of the enterprise.
Sales and operations planning is a kind of new view and approach to the implementation of the process of planning the production activities of the enterprise, as well as to its logistics activities, which makes it possible to adapt to modern trends in the development of the economy both at the micro and macro levels.
There are problems in planning and organizing the processes of production and marketing of products to enterprises, which lead to multiple individual adjustments of various types of production plans and thereby slow down the processes of its activities.
It is proposed to introduce the S&OP system to enterprises on a broad basis, since it is able to provide high accuracy of demand forecasting and is a guarantee of no losses in the entire supply chain, as well as helps to optimize the company's work as a whole.
The object of research in the article is the process of planning sales and operations (Sales and Operations Planning, S&OP) at enterprises.
РАЗРАБОТКА СТРАТЕГИИ НА ОСНОВЕ SWOT-АНАЛИЗА КОМПАНИИ, ПРОИЗВОДЯЩЕЙ МЕТАЛЛУРГИЧЕСКИЕ ПРОДУКТЫ
Authors: Andekina R. , Aimagambetova A. , Андекина Р.Э. , Аймагамбетова А.Д.
Published: May 2021

A company’s condition and its role in the competitive market largely depends on its ability to react to the various impacts, cuased by entrernal and external environment. This paper reveals the results of SWOT analysis conducted to the Kazakhstani metals company. Based on the findings of the research a number of recommendations to the company management were developed. The paper is of scientific and pratical value, since the company has never applied the SWOT analysis before to develop a strategic plan. Moreover, this research contributes with the real case-study of the domestic company, the results of which could be applied to other sectors manufacturers. Discovered strong and weak charaterisitcs, risks and opportunities of the company lead to the development of suggestions to the management for further strategic plan development and to focus on marketing activities. Previously to this paper, financial condition of the company has been comprehensively analyzed and organizational structure thorouly studied.

Состояние компании и ее роль на конкурентном рынке во многом зависят от ее способности реагировать на различные воздействия, обусловленные внутренней и внешней средой. В данной статье раскрываются результаты SWOT-анализа, проведенного для казахстанской металлопромышленной компании. На основе результатов проведенного исследования был разработан ряд рекомендаций руководству компании. Исследование имеет научную и практическую ценность, поскольку компания никогда ранее не применяла SWOT-анализ для разработки стратегического плана. Более того, поскольку это реальный кейс-стади отечественной компании, результаты исследованиямогут быть применены и к другим отраслевым производителям страны. Выявленные сильные и слабые характеристики, риски и возможности компании приводят к выработке предложений руководству по дальнейшей разработке стратегического плана и сосредоточению внимания на маркетинговой деятельности. Ранее автором было всесторонне проанализировано финансовое состояние компании и детально изучена ее организационная структура.
MIGRATION POTENTIAL OF THE COUNTRY AS A FACTOR IN THE FORMATION OF AN EFFECTIVE ECONOMIC SYSTEM
Authors: Шайкин Д.Н. , Есембекова Д.Т. , Валиева М.М. , Копылова О.В. , Shaikin D. , Yesembekova D. , Valiyeva М. , Kopylova O.
Published: May 2021

В статье рассмотрена проблема изучения миграционного потенциала, выступающего одной из ключевых движущих сил при формировании экономической системы государства. В рамках осуществления теоретического изучения и проведения анализа научной литературы сформулирован и дополнен понятийно-категориальный аппарат, раскрывающий точки зрения и научные подходы зарубежных ученых-исследователей различных направлений, занимающихся вопросом анализа миграционного потенциала в регионе.В статье рассмотрены методы оценки миграционного потенциала, которые являются общепринятыми и основываются на анализе и использовании таких абсолютных статистических показателей, как численность прибывшего и выбывшего населения, а также сальдо миграции. В связи с этим, авторами дополнен и осуществлен расчет коэффициента вариации, характеризующий колеблемость миграционных процессов в Северном регионе Казахстана, в который входят Акмолинская, Костанайская, Павлодарская и Северо-Казахстанская области. Согласно выполненным расчетам наибольшее значение данного показателя отмечается в Акмолинской области, что говорит о высоком уровне статистической колеблемости сальдо миграции в данном регионе. В целом, авторы указывают на необходимость учета полученных результатов при разработке национальных и региональных программных документов, целью которых является дальнейшее эффективное развитие миграционных процессов, направленное наобеспечениеустойчивого социально-экономического развития.

The article deals with the problem of studying the migration potential, which is one of the key drivingforces in the formation of the state's economic system. As part of the theoretical study and analysis of scientific literature, the conceptual and categorical apparatus containing the points of view and scientific approaches of foreign researchers in various fields dealing with the analysis of migration potential in the region is formulated and supplemented. The article considers a number of approaches to assessing migration potential, which are generally accepted and are based on the analysis and use of such absolute statistical indicators as the number of arrivals and departures, as well as the migration balance. In this regard, the authors supplemented and calculated the coefficient of variation that characterizes the fluctuation of migration processes in the Northern region of Kazakhstan, which includes the Akmola, Kostanay, Pavlodar and North Kazakhstan regions. According to the calculations, the highest value of this indicator is noted in the Akmola region, which indicates a high level of statistical fluctuation of the migration balance in this region. In general, the authors point out the need to take into account the results obtained in the development of national and regional policy documents, the purpose of which is to further effective development of migration processes aimed at ensuring sustainable socio-economic development.
国际收支吸收分析法的国际性比较
Authors: 王 语 , 李 德兰
Published: May 2021

本文选取中、日、德、美四国1990~2018年的国民收入及总吸收29年的数据资料，运用吸收分析法，在国际收支中对货币贬值效果进行实证分析。结果表明，四国的边际吸收倾向皆小于一，大小依序为日、美、德、中，显示四国经常项目符合国际收支吸收论，说明货币贬值作用对日、美两国有限，对中国最为显著，并不是解决所有国家贸易失衡的有效手段；要想从根本上逆转国际收支失衡，应该更多地关注一国经济的基本面。
PERAN SERTA MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH SEBAGAI KUNCI KEBERHASILAN DALAM MENGELOLA SAMPAH
Authors: Armadi Ni Made
Published: May 2021

The waste problem is a problem that must be faced by society and has become a global problem. The community is at the forefront of waste management. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of the community in waste management as the key to successfully managing waste. The research method used was literature study and interviews. The result of this research was that the community participation in Denpasar City was quite effective in waste management activities through composting and 3R (reuse, reduce and recycle). Denpasar Government provided incentives for integrated waste management as a stimulus to improve community‘s active involvement.
 
Permasalahan sampah merupakan masalah yang harus dihadapi masyarakat dan telah menjadi masalah global. Masyarakat merupakan ujung tombak dalam pengelolaan sampah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran serta masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah sebagai kunci keberhasilan dalam mengelola sampah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yakni studi literatur dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian ini adalah  peran serta masyarakat di Kota Denpasar cukup efektif dalam kegiatan pengelolaan sampah melalui pengomposan dan 3R (reuse, reduce and recycle). Pemerintah Kota Denpasar memberikan insentif dalam pengelolaan sampah terpadu sebagai rangsangan untuk meningkatkan semangat masyarakat.
Tracing-Apps als Hilfe für die Gesundheitsbehörden
Authors: Heuberger Olivier
Published: May 2021

Bei der Bekämpfung und Bewältigung des Coronavirus sollen Personen, die potenziell dem Virus ausgesetzt waren, rasch benachrichtigt werden können. Proximity Tracing-Apps helfen den lokalen Gesundheitsbehörden bei dieser Aufgabe. Dazu müssen notwendige Daten zwischen den Usern, den lokalen Behörden sowie verschiedensten Unternehmen unter Wahrung des Datenschutzes ausgetauscht werden können. Der vorliegende Aufsatz erklärt, wie Proximity Tracing-Apps in allgemeiner Weise technisch funktionieren und skizziert, welche datenschutzrechtlichen Besonderheiten sich daraus ergeben.
Perancangan Dan Pembuatan Mesin 3D Printer Tipe Cantilever
Authors: Andriyansyah Deni , Sriyanto  , Jamaldi Agus
Published: May 2021

Teknologi 3D printing termasuk dalam metode manufaktu rbaru yang disebut dengan metode additive manufacturing. Metode ini mempunyai cara kerja menumpuk material untuk membuat sebuah objek 3 dimensi. Penelitian dalam bidang desain dan assembly mesin 3D printer masih belum banya kdilakukan. Pada umumnya, mesin-mesin 3D printer yang digunakan memiliki paling tidak 5 motor stepper, yaitu sumbu X 1 buah, sumbu Y 1 buah, sumbu Z 2 buah serta motor ekstruder 1 buah. Paper ini akan membahas mengenai alternative desain mesin 3D printer FFF dengan model cantilever yang menggunakan 4 motor stepper sehingga lebih hemat komponen. Proses desain dan assembly 3D printer tipe cantilever menghasilkan mesin dengan area kerja 200 x 200 x 200 mm dan ketelitian 0,1 mm. Mesin 3D printer yang didesain memiliki komponen utama berupa komponen mekanik dan elektrik. Komponen mekanik terdiri dari frame, linear guide, bracket, leadscrew, pulley dan timing belt. Komponen elektrik terdiri dari controller, lcd, motor stepper, limit switch, soket serta power supply. Dengan meminimalisir jumlah motor stepper yang digunakan, maka desain 3D printer tipe cantilever dinilai lebih ekonomis dengan desain yang minimalis. Mesin seperti ini cocok digunakan untuk kegiatan-kegiatan yang bersifat mobile. 3D printer ini kedepan akan dimanfaatkan untuk melakukan pelatihan kepada masyarakat untuk memperkenalkan teknologi manufaktur baru, yaitu proses cetak 3 dimensi.
Evaluation of Anti-oxidant and Anti-pyretic activity of fruits of Garcinia pedunculata
Authors: Basak Mrinmoy , Laskar Moksood Ahmed , Goswami Priyanka
Published: May 2021

Most of the synthetic drugs used at present as analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents cause many side effects and toxic effects. Many medicines of plant origin with analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity have been used since long time without adverse effects. The purpose of the study was to explore the anti-pyretic and anti-oxidant activity of fruits of Garcinia pedunculata. The fruit of G. pedunculata was collected from Shillong, Meghalaya and extraction is done by using methanol as a solvent. The methanol extract shows the presence of carbohydrate, glycoside, alkaloids, phenol and flavonoids. Acute anti-pyretic activity for the extract was investigated in pyrexia rat. Temperature level was determined after 1hours, 4 hours, 8 hours and 12 hours after giving the extract dose of 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg body weight, and it was found to produce a significant reduce in fever. DPPH radical scavenging activity (In-vitro anti-oxidant activity of G. pedunculata) of methanolic extract shows 38.31 as IC50 (µg/ml) whereas Ascorbic acid as standard in the same concentration shows 34.81 IC50 (µg/ml). The obtained result justified the traditional use of G. pedunculata as anti-pyretic and antioxidant purpose.
Tamarind Seed Polysaccharide Mouth Dissolving films for rapid drug Release in the treatment of Hypertension: In vitro Evaluation
Authors: Bhavanam Pamula Reddy , Rahaman Shaik Abdul , Varma M Mohan
Published: May 2021

Tamarind seed polysaccharide (TSP) micro sized mouth dissolving films were prepared to release the Amlodipine besylate drug for hypertension. TSP mouth dissolving films were prepared by solvent evaporation method which was further examined under in vitro studies. In vitro antimicrobial activities for all the mouth dissolving films were conducted by diffusion method. Form the in vitro release profile, the AML-TSP was completely showed rapid release of drug up to 98.1% than the thin films of other formulations respectively in the period of time of 10 min. The prepared AML-TSP mouth dissolving films were evaluated for drug content, weight variation, thickness, pH, folding endurance, In vitro drug release and stability studies. AML8 showed the highest drug release at the 10 min time point. The AML8 mouth dissolving film with higher amount of superdisintegrant CCS and SSG showed fastest onset of drug release.
Penggunaan Abu Batu Gamping Sebagai Bahan Pembuatan Bata Ringan
Authors: Tondok Dian S. , Mastor Rio
Published: May 2021

Bata ringan dituntut  menjadi pengganti batu bata merah konvensional karena beratnya yang ringan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan abu  batu gamping dengan variasi 0 %, 10 %, 15 % dan 20 % dan foam agent 40% terhadap bata ringan. Pengujian bata ringan meliputi berat jenis, penyerapan, dan kuat tekan bata ringan. Benda uji berukuran 20 x 10 x 5 cm sebanyak 36 benda uji . Hasil uji nilai berat jenis variasi abu batu gamping 0% ,10%, 15%, 20% berturut-turut 1103,333 kg/m3, 1160 kg/m3, 1200 kg/m3, 1226,667 kg/m3 termasuk beton ringan kelas V berdasarkan ASTM C-495, dan hasil  uji  kuat tekan pada 28 hari berturut-turut 0,583 MPa, 0,667 MPa, 0,917 MPa, 1 MPa , maka kadar optimum adalah 20% yakni sebesar 1 Mpa termasuk beton ringan kelas V, serta penyerapan air berturut-turut sebesar 17,228%, 16,103%, 15,839%, 15,782% memenuhi penyerapan maksimum 25 %.

Kata Kunci : bata ringan CLC, abu batu gamping, berat jenis, penyerapan
Pengaruh Rangkaian Struktur Tenggelam Tidak Simetris Berbentuk Segitiga Terhadap Refleksi Gelombang
Authors: Pulu' Sardi , Arin David , Bungin Erni.R.
Published: May 2021

Beberapa negara termasuk Indonesia pada saat ini giat dalam mengembangkan kawasan pesisir (daerah pantai), terutama untuk tujuan mengamankan daerah pantai dari permasalahan erosi. Salah satu perlindungan pantai yang telah dibuat oleh manusia adalah struktur pemecah gelombang.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh rangkaian struktur tenggelam tidak simetris berbentuk segitiga terhadap refleksi gelombang. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental, dimana kondisi tersebut dibuat dan diatur oleh peneliti, dengan demikian penelitian eksperimental adalah penelitian yang dilakukan dengan mengadakan manipulasi terhadap obyek penelitian. Didalam penelitian ini digunakan  data primer berupa data yang diperoleh langsung dari simulasi model yang akan dilakukan dilaboratorium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai koefisien refleksi (Kr) bergantung pada pemilihan Stroke, Periode Gelombang (T), dan kedalaman air (d) dan hasil untuk pengaruh kerapatan model segitiga terhadap refleksi gelombang memperlihatkan dimana semakin besar jarak kerapatan antar model pemecah gelombang, maka nilai koefisien refleksi (Kr) yang dihasilkan semakin kecil dan sebaliknya.

Kata Kunci : pemecah gelombang, segitiga, kerapatan, koefisien refleksi
Pengujian Batu Apung Sebagai Filler Pada Campuran HRS -WC
Authors: Yanti Sri , Rosiana  , Sandy Desi , Alpius
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk merancang komposisi dan menganalisis karakteristik marshall dan indeks kekuatan sisa campuran Lataston HRS-WC gradasi senjang dan semi senjang yang memanfaatkan batu apung dari Provinsi Maluku Utara, Pulau Ternate sebagai pengganti filler. Metodologi dalam penelitian ini adalah melakukan serangkaian pengujian karakteristik berupa agregat kasar, halus dan filler lalu merancang komposisi campuran kemudian pembuatan benda uji berupa campuran Lataston HRS-WC bergradasi senjang dan semi senjang serta pengujian Marshall untuk mendapatkan karakteristik campuran dan pengujian Marshall Immertion untuk mendapatkan Indeks Perendaman (IP) / Indeks Kekuatan Sisa (IKS) / Durabilitas campuran yang berkadar filler optimum.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik abu batu apung memenuhi spesifikasi sebagai bahan pengganti filler pada campuran Lataston HRS-WC gradasi senjang dan semi senjang. Melalui uji Marshall diperoleh karakteristik campuran Lataston HRS-WC bergradasi senjang dan semi senjang dengan kadar aspal 6,75%. Hasil pengujian Marshall Immertion campuran Lataston HRS-WC bergradasi senjang dan semi senjang dengan kadar filler optimum 100% mendapatkan Indeks Perendaman (IP) / Indeks Kekuatan Sisa (IKS) / Durabilitas campuran sebesar 95,73% dan 96,66% yang artinya campuran tersebut tahan terhadap suhu, lamanya terendam air.

Kata Kunci : Karakteristik, HRS-WC Marshall, filler batu apung
Application of Bromoxynil+MCPA+Metribuzin at Varied Doses for Broad-Spectrum Weed Control in Forage Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Tanveer Asif , Bilal Muhammad Atif , Nadeem Muhammad Ather , Abbas Tasawer
Published: May 2021

Weed control is one of the crucial factors to achieve higher yield of good quality forage maize. A field trial was conducted during summer 2013 to investigate the effect of bromoxynil+MCPA+metribuzin (Valent 470 EW pre mixed formulation) application at varied doses to control weeds in forage maize (Zea mays L.) at Agronomy Research Area, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Application of  bromoxynil+MCPA+metribuzin @ 470, 528.75 and 587.50 g a.i/ha was made after emergence of weedsand crop. A check with no application and hand hoeing was included for comparison. The experiment was conducted with four replications under randomized complete block design. The data regarding the weed parameters, yield and yield components of maize were recorded. The results revealed that among the herbicide treatments minimum weed density (three weeks after sowing 35.75 m2 and at harvest 12.25/m2) and dry biomass (20.80 g/m2) was observed with the application of bromoxynil+MCPA+metribuzin @ 587.50 g a.i./ha. Same herbicidal treatment caused significant increase in plant height (248.75 cm), stem diameter (1.45 cm), fresh weight (467.25g) and forage yield (31.47%) of maize. Therefore, use ofbromoxynil+MCPA+metribuzin @ 587.50 g a.i./ha is the best option to manage broad leaved as well as grassy weeds in forage maize to get higher yield of forage .
Physical Characterisation of Brown and White Fractions of Approved Rice Varieties of Pakistan
Authors: Ejaz Rebia , Sharifa Mian Kamran , Pasha Imran , Zia Muhammad Anjum
Published: May 2021

This study was carried out to assess the quality attributes of rice varieties named as Super Kernel, Super Basmati, Basmati-515, PK-386, Kainat and IRRI-9 after milling for the establishment of claimed standards for approved varieties to prohibit rice adulteration. Furthermore, brown and white fractions of selected varieties were evaluated for physical characteristics including grain size (grain length/grain width ratio) thousand kernel weight (TKW) and bulk density. Mean values for grain size (L/W ratio), bulk density and TKW were ranged from 3.86±0.30 to 4.59±0.32, 0.71±0.08 to 0.80±0.10g/mL and 16.74±1.18 to 17.96±0.85g among the rice cultivars. Overall, grain size (4.00±0.21 to 4.48±0.35 and 4.14±0.43 to 4.81±0.37), bulk density (0.66±0.05 to 0.72±0.09g/mL and 0.77±0.05 to 0.82±0.27g/mL) and TKW  (18.00±0.48 to 19.22±0.35g and 15.91±0.84 to 16.78±0.32g) varied significantly in brown and white rice samples. The lowest decrease in length after milling was seen in white rice of Kainat (8.90%) followed by PK-386 (9.86%) and Basmati-515 (10.70%), while the IRRI-9 showed highest decrease (11.84%) as compare to brown rice. Likewise, lowest increase in width was observed in IRRI-9 (10.27%) as compared to Kainat (19.87%) which indicates that IRRI-9 had more width. Conclusively, grain dimensions, kernel weight and bulk density of both brown and white rice fractions were significantly influenced by genetic, environmental and socio-economic factors among locations and cultivars. There is an urgent need to discriminate among premium and local rice varieties of country to boost up the export and foreign earnings.
Alternative Media Based on Papaya and Fish Extract for Glutathione Production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Dluha Nurul , Widyarti Sri , W Widodo
Published: May 2021

Glutathione (GSH) is an antioxidant that functions to protect cells from oxidative stress. It is used for medical purposes, as an additive in foods and cosmetics industry. The magnitude of these applications results in increased demand for glutathione every year, however, the cost of glutathione is high. The production of glutathione using an alternative source for the medium and the amino acids used in the media might be the solution for managing the high cost of glutathione production in yeast. This study uses an alternative media based on papaya and fish extract to reduce production costs. The fish extract contains glutamate, cysteine and glycine that can be utilised as a source of amino acid. This study suggested that media based on papaya extract could be employed to produce glutathione in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Moreover, administration of 5 mg/mL of fish extract could increase the glutathione production up to 36.36% as compared to a control. The optimum production of glutathione was obtained in a harvest time of 44 h culture. Therefore, further investigation by modifying the medium is warranted to produce glutathione in a cost friendly manner in the S. cerevisiae.
Physicochemical Characterization and FTIR Spectroscopic Study of Pectin from Bombax ceiba (Bamta) Fruit
Authors: Jude Eneche Edogbo , Nkafamiya Ibrahim Iliya , Jen Dimas Blessed , Ernest Isaac
Published: May 2021

Pectin is a naturally occurring biopolymer which can be used for food and pharmaceutical applications. In this study the effect of temperature, time and pH on the yield, physicochemical characteristics of pectin extracted from Bombax ceiba fruits was investigated. The extraction of pectin was done using citric acid buffer followed by 96% alcohol precipitation. The optimum temperature, time and pH for the  extraction of pectin were determined to be 85 °C, 90 min and 2.0, respectively. The yield of pectin under these optimum conditions was found to be 16.35%. The physicochemical properties determined under these optimum conditions were found to be; equivalent weight; 765.40 mg/mol, methoxyl content: 6.62%, anhydrouronic acid content; 65.25%, degree of esterification; 72.45%, moisture content; 1.30% and ashcontent; 0.60% for Bombax ceiba fruits extracted pectin, respectively. FTIR was also utilized for characterizing the pectins. Generally, the findings of the study showed that the pectin extracted from Bombax ceiba fruit can find industrial applications, especially in food processing and pharmaceutical industries.
Chromium (VI) Ion Adsorption onto Maleic Acid Red Onion Skin Extract Resin (MRER) in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Onyeogulu Chibuike , Ibezim-Ezeani Millicent Uzoamaka
Published: May 2021

Feasibility studies on the thermodynamics of Cr (VI) ions adsorption in aqueous medium by maleic acid red onion skin extract resin (MRER) was undertaken. The acetone extract of red onion skin was used in the synthesis of MRER. The regression analysis of the models at different temperatures and concentrations was found to closely fit the experimental data in the order: Freundlich > Langmuir > Temkin. Investigation of the thermodynamics of adsorption reaction revealed values for the change in enthalpy   (- 34.05414 kJ/mol), Gibbs free energy (-18.001, -17.362, -17.860, -15.809 and -16.154 kJ/mol) and entropy (-52.7839 J/K/mol), which reflected the process spontaneity, exothermic nature and feasible affinity of the interacting metal ions at the adsorption sites. Dubinin-Radushkevich (DR) isotherm was applied in studying the sorption pathway, and it was observed that physisorption is the dominant pathway. Kinetic study showed that pseudo-second order best describe the experimental data with respect to its highest correlation coefficient (R2) values.
ANALISIS INJEKSI BAHAN BAKAR PADA INTAKE MANIFOLD MESIN BENSIN 4 TAK BERBAHAN BAKAR BENSIN DENGAN SIMULASI PEMODELAN
Authors: Hadi Sudono Rasyid
Published: May 2021

Untuk menghasilkan suatu kerja yang optimal dari mesin bensin, maka diharapkan pencampuran bahan bakar dengan udara terjadi dengan sempurna sesuai dengan kebutuhan mesin yang salah satu cara optimalisasinya adalah menggunakan metode injeksi bahan bakar ke intake manifold. Adapun salah satu metode analisa proses injeksi adalah menggunakan metode Computational Fluid Dynamics yang dapat dilakukan dengan program ANSYS FLUENT. Penelitian dilakukan dengan memodelkan salah satu model injektor dengan persamaan matematis serta menjadikan kecepatan pada inlet bervariasi. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan indikasi munculnya titik injeksi fluida yang cenderung bergeser lebih cepat seiring bertambahnya kecepatan inlet, kemudian dapat dilihat pula pada daerah dinding memiliki kecepatan yang rendah dikarenakan efek boundary layer, kecepatan yang rendah ini mengindikasikan pencampuran bahan bakar dan udara yang buruk.
ANALISIS PERFORMA MAIN COOLING WATER PUMP PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA PANAS BUMI (PLTP) PT.X
Authors: Purbianto Aditya , Setiyo Adji Bambang
Published: May 2021

Pembangkit listrik tenaga panas bumi (PLTP) merupakan pembangkit listrik yang menggunakan energi terbarukan. Karena bahan utama yang digunakan untuk memutarkan turbin adalah uap basah dari dalam bumi, karenanya tidak memerlukan bahan bakar untuk menghasilkan uap. PLTP ini memiliki beberapa komponen penting dalam menghasilkan listrik salah satunya yaitu pompa. Pompa merupakan alat pemindah fluida dari satu tempat ke tempat lain. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu pencatatan data harian pada pompa Main Cooling Water Pump untuk kemudian dilakukan analisis perhitungan untuk mencari daya motor, daya pompa dan efisiensi kemudian ditentukan penyebab penurunan performa pompa tersebut. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan didapatkan hasil daya motor aktual pompa 1 dan 2 sebesar 705,601 kW, kemudian  daya motor commissioning sebesar 748,29 kW, dan daya motor spesifikasi mempunyai hasil sebesar 900 kW. Untuk daya pompa aktual pada pompa 1 memiliki daya sebesar 542,410 kW, sedangkan pompa 2 sebesar 512,760 kW. Kemudian  daya pompa commissioning sebesar 613,000 kW, dan daya pompa spesifikasi mempunyai hasil sebesar 630,000 kW. Dan untuk efisiensi aktual pada pompa 1 memiliki efisiensi sebesar 76,70 %, sedangkan pompa 2 sebesar 72,50 %. Kemudian  efisiensi pompa commissioning sebesar 82,8 %, dan efisiensi pompa spesifikasi mempunyai hasil sebesar 86 %. Didapatkan kesimpulan performa pompa aktual mengalami penurunan performa dari performa pompa commissioning dan performa spesifikasi, sehingga perawatan yang diberikan harus lebih ekstra untuk menjaga performa pompa tetap dalam kondisi optimal.
KORONER ARTER HASTALIĞINDA ÇEVRİMİÇİ SAĞLIK UYGULAMALARI
Authors: ŞAHAN Dilara , GEZER Nurdan
Published: May 2021

Koroner arter hastalığı, dünyada ve ülkemizde çok ölüme neden olan hastalık grubu olarak belirtilmektedir. Hastalığın önlenmesinde ya da ilerlemesinde sigara içmemek, obeziteden kaçınmak ve fiziksel aktiviteleri arttırmak gibi sağlıklı davranış ve yaşam tarzı değişikleri gerekmektedir. Ancak, yaşam tarzı değişikliği gerektiren risk faktörlerini yönetebilme, karmaşık ilaç tedavilerini organize edebilme, hastalığa ait belirti-bulguları bilme ve kendi kendine hastalıkları yönetebilme hastalar açısından oldukça zordur. Öğretimin daha anlamlı, kalıcı ve hızlı olabilmesi için renkli, görsel ve işitsel mesajlar içeren yeni eğitim ortamlarının oluşturulması gerekmektedir. Geleneksel yaklaşımlardan farklı olarak hastalarda davranışsal farklılıklar yaratmak ve sonuçları iyileştirmek amacıyla çevrimiçi sağlık uygulamalarından yararlanılmakta ve bu uygulamalar hastalığın önlenmesi, yönetilmesi ve yaşam kalitesinin arttırılmasında eşsiz imkanlar sunmaktadır. Eğitimde büyük rolü olan hemşirelerin, çevrimiçi sağlık uygulamaları alanında yasal, etik ve tıbbi çerçeveyi oluşturmaya başlamaları ve konu ile ilgili düzenleyici bir birim oluşturmaları, komplikasyonların, tekrar hastaneye başvuru ve yatışların azaltılması, hasta memnuniyet düzeyinin, yaşam kalitesinin ve memnuniyet düzeyinin artırılması, bağımsızlığın kazanılması, hastaların kendi durumları ve iyileşme süreçleri hakkında farkındalıklarının artırılması açısından oldukça önemlidir.
Üniversite Sınavına Hazırlanan Gençlerin Covid-19 Korkusunun Öğrencilerin Tükenmişlik ve Anksiyetelerine Etkisi
Authors: YAVAŞ ÇELİK Melike
Published: May 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmada üniversiteye giriş sınavına hazırlanan gençlerin covid-19 korkusu yaşamalarının tükenmişlik ve anksiyetelerine etkisini incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Materyal ve Methot: Çalışmaya 18-20 yaş arasında bir ilde etüt merkezinde üniversiteye giriş sınavına hazırlık yapan sosyal medya arayıcılığıyla ulaşılabilen gönüllü 100 öğrenci katılmıştır. Verilerin toplanması için, soru formu, Covid-19 Korkusu Ölçeği (CKÖ), Yaygın Anksiyete Bozukluğu Ölçeği (YABÖ), Maslach Tükenmişlik Envanteri-Öğrenci Formu(MTEÖ) kullanılmıştır. Analizler SPSS programında, yüzdelik alma, t testi, korelasyon analizi kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Katılımcıların çoğunun covid-19 pandemi süreci nedeniyle sınava hazırlanma süreçlerinin(%90), sosyal ilişkilerinin(%93), psikolojik durumlarının(%87) olumsuz etkilendiği, aile ilişkilerinin(%54) ise olumlu etkilendiği belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, Öğrencilerin CKÖ ile MTEÖ puanları arasında zayıf, CKÖ ve YABÖ puanları arasında orta düzeyli pozitif yönde bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Öğrencilerin covid-19 korkusu yaşadıkları ve bu korkunun anksiyete ve tükenmişlikle ilişkili olduğu belirlenmiştir.
The relationship between medical errors which commonly seen in pediatric wards with the mood and job motivation of nurses.
Authors: DEMİRTAŞ Mehmet Semih
Published: May 2021

Background/Aim: In this study, it was aimed to determine the common medical erros in pediatrics clinics and to examine the effects of the causes found on nurses. Methods: The research design used is a qualitative, investigative, descriptive and contextual design to identify and prevent the occurrence of medical errors that nurses make in the pediatric clinics. Our study is planned to be done a single center, with the participation of nurses working in pediatric intensive care, neonatal intensive care, child service, child emergency, pediatric surgery services of Aksaray Training and Research Hospital on a voluntary basis between October 2019- January 2020. It was planned to be done as a prospective study with 74 participants in total. Results: As the group with a survey score> 61 is compared to the group with a score of <61, the rate of nurses who who could not perform the current treatment at the specified treatment times was 13.5% (n = 5) in the group with a survey score of> 61, and 39.5% (n = 15) in the group with survey score of <61 (p = 0.013). We found that the performed medical treatments to patients without a written order in the group of <25 years was increased significantly 2,382 times higher than the others groups with logistic regression analysis (Nagelkerke R square: 0.289; p = 0.041). Conclusion: As a result of our study, most of the medical errors that nurses make in pediatrics clinics are due to starting working early career and less professional experience. In nurses' night-duty and alternatally working styles, their clinical adaptation and motivations decreases and the possibility of making mistakes increases.
Primary repair of femoral pseudoaneurysm secondary to interventional procedure
Authors: DÜZGÜN Ali Cemal , İLKELİ Ekin
Published: May 2021

Objective: This study aimed to report our clinical experience with the treatment of iatrogenic femoral pseudoaneurysms with the primary suture technique. Materials-methods: Thirty patients treated with the diagnosis of femoral pseudoaneurysm in the femoral artery between September 2015 and August 2020 participated in the Non-iatrogenic pseudoaneurysms, iatrogenic aneurysms smaller than 4 cm, and thrombosed aneurysms were excluded. All pseudoaneurysms were diagnosed by ultrasonography and computed tomography. Results: Peripheral arterial thrombosis developed in 1 (4%) patients. All femoral pseudoaneurysms were repaired with primary suture without clamping. No early postoperative deaths occurred. Conclusion: Although cross-clamp surgical treatment modalities have been described as standard surgical treatment, surgical repair with primary suture technique without clamping is a good method for iatrogenic peripheral arterial pseudoaneurysms.
The First Occurrence of the Pen Shell Pinna nobilis (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Samandağ coast, the northeastern Mediterranean
Authors: TURAN Cemal , DOĞDU Servet
Published: May 2021

Pinna nobilis is distributed in the northwest area of the Mediterranean and the Aegean Sea. In this study, on 9 September 2020, one specimen of Pinna nobilis, the pen shell, was observed during scuba diving at a depth of 16 m off Samandag coast (36.259444° N, 35.810111° E), the northeastern Mediterranean Sea. In this study, we observed for the first time P. nobilis from the Mediterranean Coast of Turkey, the Samandag coast. In this region, the presence of P. nobilis has never been previously recorded, and this new record confirms the presence of a new location in the Mediterranean Sea.
A new maximum length of the Spicara flexuosa Rafinesque, 1810 in the coastal waters of the Turkey
Authors: KARADURMUŞ Uğur , USTAOĞLU Dilek , AYDIN Mehmet
Published: May 2021

A five years old male individual of Spicara flexuosa was captured by trammel nets on February 13, 2021, at 15 m depths from Black Sea region. The total length and weight were measured as 235 mm and 144.06 g. This specimen is the largest that has been reported in coastal waters of the Turkey. Some morphometric aspects of the sampled picarel were also given. The otolith weight was determined as 0.0563 g. Otolith length and width were measured as 8044.31 μm and 4596.48 μm, respectively. Further the abundance and distribution of S. flexuosa should be monitored in the Black Sea.
Can Incapacitation of the Mesenchymal Endometriotic Stem Cell via the Fortification of the Immune System Lead to the Eradication of Endometriosis?
Authors: Vassiliadis Simon
Published: May 2021

This paper attempts to explain the immunologic nature of endometriosis from the stage of the endometriotic mesenchymal non-hematopoietic stem cell up to the inability of the immune system to intercept it for protecting the organism. Thus, the central dogma of this proposition is how to appropriately fortify the immune system using non-toxic and natural substances in order to render it fully functional and able to protect the organism. Therefore, the direct analogy of oncologic cases that share the same characteristics with endometriosis (metastasis and invasion, unrestrained growth, development of new blood vessels and decreased apoptosis) is given, including those which escape immune surveillance.

The aim of this work is to gather, through an international collaboration, the inspirational ideas of most, if not all investigators interested in such a wide-scaled project to find ways to strengthen the immune system to fight against the migration and invasion of the endometriotic cell. It is obvious that, with the exception of the guidelines given herewith, all other suggestions to approach the specific problem are welcome in order to form powerful cohort centers that will work towards eradicating a disease which torments millions of women globally.
Laparoscopic Ablation of Endometriosis in Infertile Patients: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Genovese Fortunato , Teodoro Maria Cristina , Rubbino Gabriella , Palumbo Marco Antonio , Zarbo Giuseppe
Published: May 2021

Purpose

Even at the early stage endometriosis, may be associated with infertility, whose treatment, which is not always straightforward, is often controversial. This study intends to determine the effectiveness of laparoscopic ablation of lesions at an early stage.

Methods

The charts of 250 women suffering from infertility, admitted from July 1998 to December 2008 to the obstetric and gynecologic departments of Vittorio Emanuele and Santo Bambino hospitals in Catania were reviewed. Among these women, 97 patients (38.8%) affected by stage 1 and 2 endometriosis were found and divided into 2 groups of 53 (A) and 44 (B) patients. According to the approach of the surgeon, group A patients underwent laparoscopic ablation of endometriotic lesions with or without adesiolysis, while group B patients only had diagnostic laparoscopy. Cumulative pregnancy rate, cumulative live birth rate, monthly fertility rate and outcome of pregnancies (miscarriages and live birth), developed within the first year soon after laparoscopy, were determined in each group.

Results

This study shows that, according to the literature, laparoscopic systematic destruction of minimal and mild stage endometriotic lesions, improves the cumulative pregnancy rate (49.1% in group A versus 22.7% in group B) and cumulative live birth rate (39.6% in group A versus 18.2% in group B) in selected patients. However, this type of intervention, by itself, does not normalize the monthly fertility rate that remains low in both groups (4.1% in group A and 1.9% in group B).

Conclusions

This study suggests that laparoscopic treatment of minimal-mild endometriotic lesions is a valid therapeutic option because it improves the fertility rate, even if it does not completely resolve the reduced fertility.
cDNA-based Transcript Analysis of Autologous Eutopic and Ectopic Endometrium of Women with Moderate and Severe Endometriosis
Authors: Khan Meraj A. , Sengupta Jayasree , Giudice Linda C. , Mittal Suneeta , Kumar Sunesh , Gupta Siddharth Datta , Sharma Raju , Najwa Abdur Rashid , Ghosh Debabrata
Published: May 2021

Purpose

To explore differential gene expression between autologous eutopic and ectopic endometrium and the effect of phases, infertility, and severity of disease on this.

Methods

cDNA arrays followed by post hoc analysis for 1190 selected human genes were performed to analyze transcript expression in autologous eutopic and ectopic endometrial samples obtained from 6 proven fertile and 4 subfertile volunteers with endometriosis (stage 3: n=5; stage 4: n=5) during either the proliferative (n=7) or secretory (n=3) phase.

Results

cDNA-based expression array analysis appeared sensitive, precise, and reliable in unsupervised analysis and quantitative RT-PCR. Sample clustering analysis revealed maximal cluster coefficient (C=0.8) between eutopic and ectopic clusters for all pairs, followed by that yielded by phases of cycle (C=0.6); fertility history (C=0.3), and stages of severity (C=0.3) had marginal effects. Of 42 genes showing differential regulation in pooled analysis, 3 genes (CAGA, MT2A, and VIM) were up-regulated and 39 genes including EPHA2, FOXM1, HPSE, ITGA5, ITGAE, ITGB3, PAEP, and TGFBR1 were down-regulated in ectopic endometrium. The high transcript number of AFP, ALOX15, F2RL1, and PRKCG in proliferative phase eutopic endometrium appears to be a potential biomarker for endometriosis.

Conclusions

Differential expression of specific genes appeared as distinguishing features for ectopic endometrium compared with eutopic endometrium; many of them might be associated with poor cellular integrity of endometriotic cells. However, ectopic endometrium did not show overt molecular indication of tumorigenic potential.
Omega 3 Fatty Acids Counteract IL-8 and Prostaglandin E2 Secretion Induced by TNF-α in Cultured Endometrial Stromal Cells
Authors: Novembri Romina , Luisi Stefano , Carrarelli Patrizia , Ciani Valentina , de Pascalis Flavio , Petraglia Felice
Published: May 2021

Background

Inflammation is part of the normal host response to infection and injury and excess inflammation may lead to acute or chronic diseases. Endometriosis is a common gynecologic disease characterized by increased endometrial production of inflammatory mediators such as cytokines, reactive oxygen species, and prostaglandins. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids play a role in the inflammatory process and a therapeutic effect has been suggested.

Methods

On this basis, this study aimed to assess in human cultured endometrial stromal cells the effect of two omega-3 fatty acids (DHA and EPA), on i) TNF-α induced IL-8 and PGE2 release and on ii) cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) mRNA expression a key enzyme for prostaglandin production.

Results

DHA or EPA significantly reduced LPS-induced IL-8 (P<0.01) and PGE2 (P<0.01) release decreasing the expression of Cox-2 (P<0.01).

Conclusions

In conclusion, our study revealed an inhibitory effect of omega-3 fatty acids on inflammatory mediators secretion and suggests a potential benefit for the treatment of pelvic pain in patients with dysmenorrhea and/or endometriosis.