bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design as a Critical Research
Authors: Macedo Calejo Marta , Magalhães Graça
Published: July 2016

Historically the imaginary and the hegemonic thinking, in the Western North globe has been marked by the epistemology and capitalists archetypes. Notwithstanding the design as a practice and discipline seem shielded on a simplistic discourse of functional / communicative efficiency, wandering through multiple aestheticism apparently neutral in relation to the symbolic but in fact they never are because what really happens is that the aesthetic appearance of the generated forms will always be a review of the powers ruling. We start from understanding that the act of creating an aesthetic artefact will also be a movement of  inscription in a discursive platform (that precedes it)  thus being itself an narrative act and representing a positioning in relation to certain symbolic reality. On the presented reflection Design is seen as a discipline and / or an instrument of action, whose operational relevance tends to question and simultaneously rehearsing a response to not just the question why but also for what? Apparently Design is a content mediator, but also, it is structure, body and idea. We think design praxis as discipline and enrolment tool for critical thought and social transformation. For guiding research in this text, we propose the following question: Can Design form an engagement with the symbolic for them in order to be an active part in the production of critical thinking in the place where it belongs? Methodologically our argument will be present in two different moments: 1. first, exploratory nature where we rescue the draw issues in the practice of design and 2. second, analytical nature concerning the subject issues (graphic and / or utility ) of design and how it incorporates formal rites, political events and social practices of contemporary everyday life. We consider the praxis of design as a discipline and critical thinking enrolment tool as agents of social transformation. With this study we seek to contribute to design’s phenomenology by studying the artefacts of configuration as well as the possible messages they convey and what impact they may have on the social network.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.3263
Caso Garittea, del campo al campus: creación del diseño de la identidad visual de una organización a través del trabajo colaborativo entre comunidades campesinas y la academia.
Authors: Rosales Elingth Simoné , Mora Claudia Lucía , Mora Florencia , Morales Rocío , Bermúdez Diego Giovanni
Published: July 2016

Se presenta la experiencia de articulación entre academia, ONG y asociaciones campesinas, alrededor del desarrollo de capacidades para la comercialización de productos de café, en el marco del diseño colaborativo, que permite avanzar en la construcción  de canales de economía solidaria y comercio justo. Garittea es una empresa social que disminuye la intermediación comercial, defiende los ingresos de los pequeños caficultores y genera procesos de empoderamiento en las comunidades campesinas; es una marca creada para el fortalecimiento de las relaciones campo-ciudad, el desarrollo sostenible, el impulso del trabajo interdisciplinario y colaborativo, elementos esenciales en la creación de la identidad y el diseño de comunicación visual de una organización. Villafañe (2008) afirma que la identidad corporativa es el “ser” de la empresa, su esencia, concepto que se toma como referencia y pone de manifiesto la importancia del trabajo colectivo en la creación de la identidad en las organizaciones. Este estudio deja ver los modos de participación e intervención de los distintos actores y áreas del conocimiento en los procesos de diseño y gestión de una organización, generando el posicionamiento y la visibilización del carácter de una comunidad productiva. La identidad de Garittea parte de una visión integradora articulada con perspectiva de la triple hélice (Etzkowitz et al. 2000) donde empresas, universidades y otras organizaciones se encuentran para trabajar con un compromiso colaborativo.Los actores del proceso se definen a través de una triada, compuesta por la empresa, (socios de Garittea): la Asociación de Pequeños Caficultores de La Marina, la Asociación de Caficultores Orgánicos de Colombia y el Instituto Mayor Campesino, quienes han aportado su know–how y la experiencia de sus procesos de creación de nuevos productos; un equipo de I+D+i (profesores y gestores), quienes han incorporado sus metodologías y herramientas a través de la interdisciplinariedad en saberes como el mercadeo, la ingeniería, la economía, la psicología y el diseño, aplicando entre otros recursos, modelos sistémicos de formulación por objetivos para apoyar los procesos creativos y la gestión del diseño; los diseñadores (estudiantes), quienes han trabajado en la creación de la identidad de Garittea a través de un equipo integral, dando como resultado la creación de la identidad corporativa e identidad visual de Garittea.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.3264
Practical urban: The urbanity and its relationship with the contemporary city.
Authors: Balestra Rodrigo , Arruda Amilton , Bezerra Pablo , Moroni Isabela
Published: July 2016

As the Industrial Revolution took place and steam driven machines emerged in the 18th century, the Industrial Age began and cities became the core of industrial and populational growth. That phenomena occurred as the job opportunities and quality of life increasingly developed away from the countryside, with the arrival of electricity and inventions such as the light bulb, thanks to important people like Sir Joseph Swan and Thomas Edison. The city, therefore, can be looked in two different ways: the urban space, occupied with tangible elements, and the social environment, filled with urban practices and cohabitation. An essential matter in many disciplines, the city is a recurrent topic for researchers who seek to understand this phenomenon of human activities. The history behind the rise of the cities show tell us about the creation of urban spaces and its manifestations, functions, transformations and the complexity inherent to the various typologies in cities all over the world. The city is a scenario full of overlapping messages that characterize the accessibility and urban communication. This is defined by Nojima (1999) as the result of the interaction between social representations and the scenario where they occur. It is through the interpretation of these messages that are manifested in the urban design accessible from cities (streets, buildings, gardens, squares, furnitures), that the individual defines the elements that identify their city. This paper discovery the concepts of city and their accessibility relationships with urban practices - design of urban activity - that directly influence the implementation of urban furniture and, above all, the importance given to them by the population, with regard to its true functions (adequacy, accessibility, ergonomics, identity and others) of their uses and appropriations. It is important for the study also understand the urban furniture relation with the project of cities - is to complement the public space or the way how interferes the urban landscape. It is need to understand how society is shown in front of herself and the world itself that surrounds and what are the affective devices that make city living when connected - through the use - therefore, this is the powerfull forces of individuals and community , space practices created by the tactics of the population to allow theirs ambiance, wellness, safety and comfort, sensations often perceived by the set of elements that constitute the urban furniture of cities.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.3291
Industrial design for aircraft: models and usability for comfort in the cabin
Authors: Buono Mario , Capece Sonia , Cascone Francesca
Published: July 2016

This contribution introduces an innovative model of assessment and validity of the formal-dimensional-functional structure for passenger seats in economy class in the Aerospace industry. In fact in this field, the design, ergonomics and engineering determine unpublished cooperation scenarios where roles are inverted, merge  and recur repeatedly, in order to establish progress in the different planning and subject areas, having a synergistic and proactive perspective. The research activities have been developed within the framework of there search project “IMM_Interiors with Multifunctional Materials_DAC_Distretto Aerospaziale Campania” (Campania Aerospace District), in which experts from different branches of knowledge such as designers, innovative materials engineers, mechanical engineers, biologists and technical physicists from the Second University of Naples were involved. The use of new methodological dimensions resulted in the identification of common activity protocols, which were used as foundations in the planning stage, interdisciplinary and shared. The aim was to obtain a passenger seat configuration suitable to meet the demands and needs of the greatest number of individuals, according to their specifications and through the integration of innovative technologies and materials. The impact of different cultural factors, the mixture of roles and subjects, the layering of competences and heterogeneous and contradictory operational references have contributed towards a shared narrative where knowledge and experience have established the key principles in the course of evaluation and validity (methodological-designing inclusive). This route has allowed the acquisition of interdisciplinary skills and expertise qualified to obtain tangible results from the identification of methodological and design issues useful to optimize, innovate and streng then the design process. The goal was to make the acquisition of user needs systematic, through investigation and evaluation methods aimed at translating them into a structured format noted on the design process according to the principles of good design. In particular studies and research of prior art patents and thorough investigation literature regarding the state of the art of existing seat configurations and structures were carried out. Feasibility, comfort and reliability of the existing solutions in order to analyse and evaluate each component of ergonomics, human factors (physical ergonomics), user centred design and new human factors (pleasantness of use), where characteristics and specific meanings of quality, understood as a user-seat interaction quality are preferred.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.3296
Design and Digital Manufacturing: an ergonomic approach for Industry 4.0
Authors: Laudante Elena , Caputo Francesco
Published: July 2016

The contribution proposes innovative methods for design and ergonomic configuration of tools, equipment and manual workplaces for automobile assembly tasks, in order to increase the worker’s welfare and the system’s performance by improving general safety conditions. Developed activities are part of the research project “DEWO – Design Environment for WorkPlace Optimization”, financed by Italian Government to the Second University of Naples. The aim of this project is to identify new methods for optimization of assembly tasks  in a virtual environment in terms of overall integration among materials management, working tasks organization and layout, starting from the principles of "WorkPlace Organization" and the modern theories of "Lean Production ". The manufacturing industry is heading to the ever more pushed use of digital technologies in order to achieve very dynamic production environments and to be able to develop continuous process and product innovations to fit into the so called Fourth Industrial Revolution, Industry 4.0. The main goal of Industry 4.0 is to “rethink” companies through the use of digital, to reconsider the design approach and to monitor the production process in real time. The research addresses the evolution of innovation 4.0 in relation to the discipline of design, where the management of knowledge in the production process has led to the strengthening and improvement of tangible goods. Starting by current ergonomic analysis models and innovative approaches to the process of industrial production line, the manufacturing processes in the virtual environment were defined and optimized with the use of innovative 3D enjoyment technologies. The constant interaction among the different disciplines of design, engineering and occupational medicine, enables the creation of advanced systems for simulating production processes based on virtual reality and augmented reality, mainly focused on the needs and requirements of the workers on a production line where it is possible to bring out the interaction between real and virtual factory (Cyber-Physical System). The objective is to define new models of analysis, of development and testing for the configuration of ergonomic processes that improve and facilitate the human-machine interaction in a holistic view, in order to protect and enhance human capital, transferring the experiences and knowledge in the factory system, key factors for the company and for the sustainability of workers welfare levels.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.3297
Translating place identity into transmedia communication systems: Communication design process and methods
Authors: Scuri Sabrina , Chiodo Elisa , Calabi Daniela
Published: July 2016

The paper discusses the role of Communication Design in promoting cultural heritage and enhancing local identity. It deals with the need of designing communication systems able to increase people's understanding and engagement with a given place. We argue that a communication strategy able to leverage on both tangible and intangible aspects of place identity leads to a more mindful tourism consumption, and it is a means to strengthen citizens' sense of belonging as well. To this aim, we highlight the importance of blending cultural information with technologies and languages (media form and media content) to make the exploration of a place more accessible and meaningful. Specifically, our research focuses on the contribution given by “immersive languages” and “haptic visuality” to strengthen the relation between human and environment. Here, great emphasis is put on the transformative function of design that lies in the ability of translating and transferring intangible elements into digital products and communication systems. As an example of this translating process, the paper present a didactic experience with a class of MSc students in Communication Design. They were asked to design transmedia communication systems for exploring the city of Milan through literary paths. Every transmedia system aims to represent the specific point of view of an author and the context in which he lived and worked. The main project goal was to create a complex mixing of media, languages and medium, in order to engage users on different channels, foster the exploration of the city and support the development of new knowledge about its identity. The paper will describe each step of the design process focusing on approach and methods adopted to foster and nurture the projects development.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.3305
Harnessing User Knowledge In The Construction Of Rating Flows: The Design Of A Collaborative System Applied To Academic Repositories
Authors: Azevedo Monteiro Bruno Miguel , Silva Helder , Tortosa Rubén
Published: July 2016

The artifacts developed over several ages, such as libraries, encyclopedias, and databases, show the cultural evolution of information systems. Compiling, organizing and visualizing information is a task carried out by mankind for thousands of years. The added difficulty in effectively communicating information in various sectors and services of our society reveals that an efficient communication of information is  of the utmost importance in the current network society. The glut of information is directly related to the fact that the information that we are exposed, is not subject to a filtering and organization process. This reveals an urgency to develop strategies that not only prioritize the organization and searching, but also increase the efficiency of the communication process, in order to promote an efficient framework in the user’s cognitive and perceptual field. Therefore the task of designing complex information systems in an accessible manner, currently represents an important goal and an imperative task of the Design/er (Wurman, 2001), (Bonsiepe, 1997; 2000) (Rheingold, 2005), (Thackara, 2006), (Wright, 2008), (Castells, 2010), (Gleick, 2011), (Lima, 2011; 2014), (Meirelles, 2013), (Börner, 2010; 2014; 2015). The publication and the querying of articles, papers, journals, books, are an integral part of the research process. However, the querying and information visualization process in a scientific academic repository often proves to be a hard and inefficient task, because the wide range of results hardly fits in the user’s specific subject. However, if we equate that the knowledge objects are accessed by a significant number of users with a specific interest in a topic, and in the course of their research, each user handles a significant amount of results. It is then possible to consider the existence of a hierarchical and relational structure of evidences that emerges from the relationship established between the users, their specific interests and knowledge in a topic and the querying performed. Therefore, it is fundamental to consider the user’s experience and the leading role that it represents in the information filtering process.This paper aims to present key insights on the information glut problematic and proposes a new approach/system applied to the academic scientific repositories. A collaboration system is designed, in order to filter and visualize the rating flows based in the user’s experience, instead of the usual citation "object" centered approach. The focus of this work is to describe one part of the system, that is the experimental implementation of an interactive hierarchical structure.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.3308
Designing in the IoT Era: role and perspectives in design practices
Authors: Arquilla Venanzio , Vitali Ilaria
Published: July 2016

In the IoT Era technology is ubiquitous (Kuniavski, 2010) and redundant; in 2009 for the first time in history the number of devices connected to the internet surpassed the number of humans on earth initiating Web's first true evolution (Evans, 2011). New waves of tech gadgets are starting to populate the global markets and the big players are competing with startups and DIY people to commercialize the most innovative and efficient gears. Thanks to the digital fabrication and the open source culture, smart connected objects can be easily prototyped and sometimes crowdfunded (Jenkins, Bogost, 2014): this configures a Babel of black-boxed, plastic, gadget-like products and services, a first experiment of what is possible and feasible, that in some ways could be defined as an avant-garde trend. But what about users and their lives? What about the utility and  meaning? of these objects in real life, with their material qualities and agency of interactions? With a bottom-up approach the paper reflects on a case study in which we started to analyze connected products, reflecting on how technology can “enchant” (Rose, 2014) and augment a smart object  while giving value to its materical and tangible part. The result demonstrate that design can define a balance between tangible and intangible functions of IoT devices, making them desirable  providing new meanings and  functions through its physicity, reinterpretating traditional artifacts. Some consumers/prosumers are progressively accepting these new connected devices, monitoring health, behaviors and the environment around us, creating big data and modern scenarios for products and services (Acquity Group, 2014). Physical products pervasively gain a new dimension made of intangible digital avatars (Semmelhack, 2013) able to be freely updated and offer different experiences. However, technology is often seen as the core of these smart products, resulting in first naive solutions that merely apply electronic components and wireless capabilities to existing objects and in which designers, if presents, only manage the aestethical part.This is an opportunity to apply Design methods and tools to create advanced desiderable scenarios for technological objects, bringing users and their interactions back as the nucleus of the product development. Design practices are applied to mediate between users' behaviors and technology, generating devices that leave the gadget-dimension of useless accessories and create more  involvement.This means changing the actual design perspective adding new skills and actitudes useful to design research, design education and for professional practices.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.3311
Products as communication platforms: Investigating and foretelling the evolution of product&service systems in the digital era
Authors: Vitale Anna Serena , Pillan Margherita
Published: July 2016

In the lifecycle of material products, from the very initial design phase of concept generation to the final disposal, information and communication have always played a prominent part that, in the digital era, is growing and is expected to grow further, also enabling the blooming of grass root and bottom-up changes in the galaxy of design-production-retail systems. Since the beginning of the human history, commerce has been playing a major role in shaping social organization systems. Retail services are not just a way to obtain goods: they provide opportunities for social relationship and cultural growth, and can be considered as a field for social innovation. Our research is aimed to investigate the systemic changes that are occurring in the realm of information and communication services in retail of material products, and their consequences on design, production and distribution processes. The research is supported by TIM-Telecom Italia, it is a wide-ranging study of social, professional and industrial phenomena enabled by digital technologies, and it involves both physical (i.e. traditional distribution in physical retail spaces) and on line services. Our goal is to outline strategic approaches to the design of innovative service/systems and, presently, we mainly focus on two key issue: - understanding and modelling the tangle of factors that determine the user experience in traditional and digital shopping processes; - develop design methodologies supporting the creation of new meaningful services so to support the customers in the understanding of value and in the search of quality in shopping processes. The paper investigates new social behaviors related to shopping, such as show-rooming and web-rooming, and we demonstrate that the pervasive use of mobile devices produces new social phenomena in retail processes and enables new opportunities to create value in retail services. From the investigation of on-line and off-line markets, it emerges the importance of social dynamics and human interactions belonging to physical world: relational dynamics and knowledge acquisition processes play a very important role in the elicitation of senses and emotions, in cultural upgrading, value understanding, quality awareness, trust building. Thereafter, a driving research questions is: how can we orient the design of innovative services so to improve the relationship between customers and retailers? The analysis of these new trends and the presentations of some design experiences bring us to the definition of some strategic directions guiding the generation of new paradigms of services in the retail field.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.3329
El Diseño adaptado al entorno de la Industria Cultural y Creativa.
Authors: Santamaría Jorge Luis , Lecuona López Manuel Ramón
Published: July 2016

Las Industrias Culturales y Creativas (ICC) para su desarrollo deben surgir en entornos fértiles, donde las políticas, los profesionales especializados, el acceso a la tecnología, la innovación, líneas de financiamiento y el mercado sean los adecuados; el paso a un camino positivo va de la mano de los integrantes del entorno de la industria y sus características. Los modelos tradicionales son limitados ante la realidad y posibilidades actuales donde las nuevas tecnologías y sus usos flexibilizan los procesos y los transforman, por lo que es necesario definir las características de una visión de mercado e industria que se proyecte a futuro, y donde el diseño desarrolle, coordine y gestiones los proyectos de diseño en emprendimientos de carácter cultural y creativo.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.3331
Materials to boost companies innovation. Systemic production network and technological crossbreed.
Authors: Lerma Beatrice , Dal Palù Doriana
Published: July 2016

The origin of resources and location of suppliers and manufacturers are key elements in environmental sustainability. Equally important are the potential new areas of application and the development of further production. The aim of this article is to investigate how designers can help manufacturing companies and provide them with sustainable solutions that envisage a future beyond processes, by taking in consideration the complexity of a territory and its production system. The creation of “zero-km” contacts network among companies, dealers, producers and suppliers could be useful for SMEs in order to improve their production in a sustainable way. Moreover, developing new products and investigating over new potentials of the currently produced series drive manufacturing companies towards (eco) innovation through envisioning unconventional interpretations for materials, semi-finished products and components alike, through technological crossbreed. This is the direction in which material libraries should seek to progress: in fact on the one hand today’s materials and production/finishing processes are smart and encase an inner core of performance and functionality that only complex systems could have achieved prior to become available. On the other hand the origin of resources and localization of local suppliers and manufacturers are key elements when it comes to environmental sustainability. The article presents an analysis of the potentialities of material libraries and the activity of an academic material library, conceived not only as an archive but also as a support to boost companies innovation management. In this last case, the support offered to firms is characterized by a strong design slant and ensures the methodologies and principles of Eco-Design, Exploring Design and Advanced Design paths: following these methodologies, solutions related to firms productive district are defined, taking into consideration materials/semi-finished products that can be renewed by transferring them to different manufacturing cycles. In material libraries the designers role is to transform the intangible aspects associated with territorial and technological dimensions into tangible solutions. This article will present case studies of SMEs working in different fields such as jewellery, toys, taps and fittings components, automotive, which started to produce new objects and updated their production using new materials and semi-finished products.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.3345
Scrap denim-PP composites as a material for new product design
Authors: Gómez Gómez Jaime Francisco , González Madariaga Francisco Javier , Rosa Sierra Luis Alberto , León Morán Ruth Maribel
Published: July 2016

The growing interest of manufacturing companies to use its scraps as raw material to design and develop alternate products has led them to news ways of processing them. The present project arises from a jeans manufacturing company’s interest on making an effort to reuse its daily denim scrap to manufacture a different kind of product without diversifying its capabilities.   Some studies on denim-binder mixtures have been previously performed, amongst which binders such as corn starch and vinyl adhesives were used. In the present work some preliminary findings are shown using denim in its woven form combined with polypropylene, a common waste worldwide.   The goal of this project is based on the assessment of some of the mechanical properties from the obtained mixtures in order to determine their attributes and possible fields of application in the process of designing new products.   For that purpose, the materials’ testing was structured in four stages regarding the variables linked to the diversification of the mixes.   In the first stage a sandwich-like material was prepared, consisting of two denim skins and a polypropylene core. In the second stage a multilayered “film-stacking” material was developed. In the third stage, a combination was developed consisting of polypropylene mixed with 5% weight of shredded denim. Based on these preliminary findings and the inherent attributes of denim, the fourth stage is a first attempt to use the obtained materials to design new products. In this process an introductory material-product mapping was used in order to provide early insights and define scenarios and user profiles. The results of the whole process yield a first approach to configure future experiments using combinations of denim scrap and other thermoplastic polymers in order to use them in new product development.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.3360
Infographics as a tool for business agreement
Authors: Aguilar Rendón Nora Karina , Morales Zaragoza Nora , Hernández Azpeitia José Luis
Published: July 2016

This paper analyzes infographics as a problem solving tool to act as a medium for establishing dialog in the business context. Businness needs agreements, usually made in a written-form in a document called “brief”. The drawings, illustrations, visual narratives or infographic work can be considered a form of visual agreements for the participants. We present two case studies that consider the use of particular elements and cognitive processes involved in this visual agreement strongly connected to synthesis in dialog , memory and message clarity. By analyzing the visual languaje structure of real case infographic projects of the national housing social debt collection process (Infonavit, 2010) and the problem of child obesity (Cepol, 2012) where drawing plays a major role as a tool to communicate the operation of visual imaginery, we suggest a prominent role of drawing in the shaping process of the client´s inner topology. We introduce a preliminar analyitical framework –drawn from studies and theories like dual-coding theory (Pavios,1971), rhethoric, neurocognitive processes (Kosslyn, 1986), aesthetics and language philosophy (Goodman, 1978)– for understanding how this visual agreement denote and connote unstated viewing conventions and prioritize particular interpretations that can significantly affect the final solution. Finally we identify areas of future inquiry of new approaches on identity construction from a synthetic representation point of view.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.3376
Percepción de la confiabilidad de un producto agroindustrial
Authors: Goiran Andrés Roque
Published: July 2016

Las máquinas que trabajan en la agricultura y sus partes componentes están predestinadas a cumplir las funciones asignadas en determinadas condiciones de producción y explotación técnica. El estado técnico de las maquinas durante el proceso de explotación cambia, así como cambian de nominal al límite los valores de los parámetros que lo caracterizan. Una forma de caracterizar la maquinaria agrícola que se produce,  es aplicando el concepto de sistemas, el cual según la cantidad de sistemas que la conforman y el grado de nivel tecnológico de los mismos podemos definir: Productos de alta tecnología: Tractores, Cosechadoras; Productos de media Tecnología: Sembradoras, embutidora de  granos, extractora de granos; Productos de baja tecnología: Implementos observándose una estrecha relación entre la confiabilidad y la caracterización tecnológica. Productos de alta tecnología son más confiables que productos media y baja por razones múltiples entre ellas gestión del diseño, procesos de fabricación, acceso a tecnología del conocimiento, nivel de facturación de la empresa origen, organización empresarial, valor del producto, competencia. El interés de este trabajo es profundizar el concepto mecánico  de confiabilidad, investigando   como tal  la percepción de la misma en el usuario, como concepto globalizador donde estará implícito el concepto mecánico; abordándose  la problemática desde dos puntos  de vista: la confiabilidad como factor de compra y la confiabilidad en función de la operatividad de la máquina.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.3675
Diseño inmaterial - Hacia la desmaterialización y digitalización de productos y servicios como herramienta de sostenibilidad
Authors: Rivera Pedroza Julio César , Hernandis Ortuño Bernabé
Published: July 2016

La crisis ambiental es también un problema de comportamiento, y no está limitado sólamente a tecnología, producción y volumen. Por lo tanto, con la evolución y los avances en la tecnología, los procesos y métodos de producción para desarrar nuevos productos y servicios, es necesario analizar el nuevo papel del diseño en la sociedad actual. El objetivo propuesto de este estudio es el de describir la relación entre dinámicas de desmaterialización y digitalización (o informacionalización) de productos y servicios y la sostenibilidad. La investigación se lleva a cabo a partir de un estudio de caso con un enfoque cualitativo y un énfasis analítico-descriptivo, sobre la manera en que factores tales como los avances tecnológicos, junto con los comportamientos y las emociones de los usuarios influyen en la configuración de productos y servicios y su relación con la sostenibilidad. Es importante resaltar hasta qué punto se puede sentir amenazado el "know how" del diseñador con la aparición, cada vez más frecuente, de productos y servicios desmaterializados y/o digitalizados. En este sentido, se plantea que, más que una amenaza, puede ser una oportunidad para evolucionar, considerando enfoques sistémicos desde una perspectiva multi-objetivo, multidimensional y multidisciplinaria. El presente análisis podría proporcionar pistas en el campo del diseño, teniendo en cuenta el contexto inmaterial para desarrollar productos y servicios desmaterializados y digitalizados, comprometidos con una sociedad más sostenible.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.3695
Evaluación y estudio comparativo mediante modelos sistémicos de la implantación del sistema APPCC aplicado al sector agroalimentario.
Authors: Hernandis de Haro Cristina , Esnal Angulo Iñaki
Published: July 2016

El origen del sistema APPCC (Análisis de Peligros y Puntos de Control Críticos) se sitúa en el año 1959. La compañía norteamericana Pillsbury, junto con la NASA, idearon un sistema para garantizar la inocuidad de los alimentos que los astronautas consumirían en el espacio.A lo largo de la década de los noventa, las crisis alimentarias, provocaron un cambio de rumbo de la política de protección de los consumidores y de la seguridad alimentaria, por lo que se introdujo la obligatoriedad de establecer y poner en marcha programas y procedimientos de seguridad alimentaria basados en los principios del APPCC, en establecimientos alomentarios.Actualmente, se encuentran implantados los sistemas basados en APPCC en la mayoría de empresas del sector agroalimentario. No obstante, en muchos casos el desarrollo del sistema no se realiza correctamente, siendo inefectivo y no garantizando la seguridad alimentaria.El objetivo de este trabajo se centra en demostrar que la introducción de los modelos sistémicos aplicados en la optimización de sistemas jerarquizados, puede mejorar la implantación y efectividad de los sistemas APPCC, así como detectar los posibles fallos, y por tanto, garantizar la producción de alimentos seguros.Para ello, se ha llevado a cabo un estudio retrospectivo de índole cualitativo, en cuatro industrias pertenecientes al sector agroalimentario, obteniendo datos relativos a diversas variables necesarias para la implantación del sistema de control APPCC, con objeto de generar un modelo sistémico, que permita su posterior análisis comparativo con los sistemas de implantación tradicionales.Se ha determinado en los casos estudiados, que se producen fallos en cuanto a la determinación de variables a controlar, por exceso o defecto, en cuyo caso perjudica los intereses productivos de la empresa alimentaria y no garantiza una correcta protección de la salud de los consumidores.Finalmente, la evaluación mediante modelos sistémicos del APPCC permite detectar los fallos de implantación en las industrias implicadas, y obtener una herramienta, tanto para los operadores de empresas alimentarias como para los servicios de control oficial, que permite garantizar una correcta aplicación del sistema de autocontrol.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.3709
Systemic Education and Awareness: the role of project-based-learning in the systemic view.
Authors: Dominici Laura , Peruccio Pier Paolo
Published: July 2016

Through the critical analysis of some case studies, this paper intends to investigate different tools useful to the ecological education,to analyse didactic activities which have more influence in the development of an individual and collective awareness and which of them can get closer students to the systemic approach. The systemic design is one of many actors that takes place inside a well-structured social network that presents always more frequently complex problems, which are difficult to solve by the application of linear approach. Always more it's clear that the way applied by the actual system to solve problems around not only ecological area, but also economic and cultural, it's not enough to answer to real needs. It's necessary a change of paradigm, from an approach based on the competition and on the logic of continuous growth, to a systemic vision, based on the collaboration, on the awareness and on the rediscovery of qualitative values. The ecological emergency demands more and more the development of sustainable and resilient communities; for this reason we have to change the way of thinking processes and relations, in other words we have to become ecoliterate: we have to be able to understand the organizational principles of ecosystems and the way of manage complexity. So ecoliteracy represent the starting point of innovative processes: it gives importance to the relations and to the multidisciplinary team-work. It's clear that next to the cultural change we have to rearrange the schooling system which now represents the official institution appointed of knowledge communication. The current academic system has been defined by the same linear and competitive approach used to delineate our economic systems, in this way, inside its structure, it usually reproduces the same social hierarchy and inequality that we can observe in our society. In practice, to achieve some important changes, it is necessary to extend precepts of systemic view to a huge group of people (starting from students of primary school to college students and over). Others two key points are the discussion around the strict hierarchy between teacher and student and the support of collaborative behaviour. Different experiences, academic and not, are compared, considering actors involved, activities, team-working and final outcome. For this reason the role of project-based-learning and practical academic activities is considered inside an education whose aim is to train people eco-competent and who are able to enhance their active role available to the community.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.3712
Aplicación de un modelo sistémico para el diseño conceptual de un asistente abdomino-intestinal
Authors: Esnal Angulo Iñaki , Hernandis Ortuño Bernabé
Published: July 2016

El artículo describe una investigación mediante la aplicación de un modelo sistémico orientado al diseño conceptual de un producto, que actúa como asistente abdominointestinal, permitiendo reducir el estreñimiento crónico funcional en las personas, debido a la adopción de la postura de cuclillas en su uso, así como a la realización de ejercicios específicos de tonificación. Mediante la aplicación de un modelo sistémico de formulación por objetivos (Hernandis, 2003) se construyó un escenario estático en el cual se describieron los aspectos fundamentales de dicha problemática y se planteó una propuesta para el diseño conceptual de una solución. Un estudio cualitativo de diversas fuentes documentales así como un análisis exploratorio a través de diferentes técnicas de creatividad permitieron establecer los parámetros y las variables del sistema. Tras la identificación, las variables endógenas fueron clasificadas según su naturaleza en tres subsistemas: funcional, ergonómico y formal, lo que permitió su cuantificación y posterior valoración y verificación. Como resultado de la investigación se obtuvo un marco teórico en el cual se define un espacio geométrico tridimensional de diseño único donde generar un concepto de producto que cumple con los requerimientos de diseño y satisface los objetivos impuestos por el sistema. La recursividad de la metodología sistémica y su carácter iterativo realimentado permiten la emergencia de inferencias que desde un punto de vista creativo facilitan la identificación de los factores fundamentales de diseño, resultando una herramienta útil para la toma de decisiones en los procesos de diseño de producto.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.3767
Teaching service design in a multi-disciplinary educational context
Authors: Akoglu Canan
Published: July 2016

Designing services include participation of users and stakeholders at different levels varying from minimum participation to co-creating with these actors to form a holistic perspective. Values are created collaboratively with people, but the intensity, the extent, the timing of involving people and their roles vary widely.  Since such a context has a diverse nature in terms of including people with different backgrounds, mind-sets, and communication approaches, it is important to find a common platform for communicating with the design ideas and visualizing those design ideas in a group of students from different disciplines. Opening up the design process for others and finding a common platform for teams to communicate and prototype services especially in the early design process and might contribute to creating better services with higher qualities. Co-creation is in the focus of this paper as an approach in education because it allows people to communicate and cooperate among each other regardless of their backgrounds. Based on this perspective, the aim of this paper is to explore how to create initial design ideas in a group of students from different disciplines by getting all the students participate actively in the early design process. This exploration was made by conducting a series of workshops with students from industrial design undergraduate program as well as with students at different levels from entrepreneurship, business, psychology and engineering undergraduate programs. Depending on this exploration, enactment and mock-ups are found to be most effective tools during the early design process to fuel participation and creativity. Applying co-creation as an approach have benefits in terms of playing a role as a background for improving and increasing the creativity, thinking out-of-the-box and developing innovative solutions in the future.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.3783
Aplicación del Método Sistémico al Diseño de un Modelo Conceptual para Sistemas Integrales de Gestión QHSE3+ en PYMES
Authors: Poveda Orjuela Pedro Pablo , García-Díaz Juan Carlos , Hernandis Ortuño Bernabé
Published: July 2016

La alta vulnerabilidad y el elevado porcentaje de quiebra de las PYME, pone en  evidencia la necesidad de diseñar un modelo que con un enfoque básico funcional e integral de riesgos y calidad, permita a los actores de las PYME conocer, apropiar y aplicar las Buenas Prácticas en los ciclos de Planificación, Operación, Control y Mejora de sus productos, procesos y negocios. Los autores presentan en este documento el enfoque y los resultados de la aplicación del Método Sistémico en el Diseño de un  Modelo Conceptual para los Sistemas de Gestión Integral de las PYMEs, configurado a partir de la conjugación de las Buenas Prácticas relacionadas con: i) El Ciclo de Gestión de Riesgos Estratégicos y Operacionales, ii) La Efectividad en el Manejo de los Procesos Directivos, de la Cadena de Valor y de Apoyo. iii) El éxito sostenible del negocio PYME, entendido desde la eco eficiencia, la competitividad y la rentabilidad. Las Buenas Prácticas se direccionan desde el cuerpo del conocimiento contenido en la familia de normas (ISO 31000:2009)”Risk Management. Principles and Guidelines”, al igual que en los referenciales para la Gestión de Calidad (ISO 9001:2015), Salud y Seguridad (ISO 45000:2016), Gestión Ambiental (ISO 14001:2015), Eficiencia Energética (ISO 50001:2011); y de otras componentes de riesgo del acrónimo QHSE3+,- asociado a las iniciales de las anteriores-, según se requiera. El modelo ha sido objeto de realimentación y validación  mediante su aplicación en varias PYME del Caribe Colombiano, desde actividades de consultoría, y con grupos de investigación en asignaturas de Posgrado. Los resultados obtenidos permiten: i) Ratificar la utilidad e importancia de poner a disposición de los emprendedores un Modelo con Instrumentos Básicos para la Planificación y la Gestión Integral de Riesgos de afectación de la Calidad, la Salud y la Seguridad, el Medio Ambiente, los Recursos y el Desempeño Energéticos, al igual que otras componentes particulares de riesgos aplicables al tema particular de cada negocio PYME.ii)   Destacar el beneficio asociado a disponer de instrumentos sencillos que aplicando la Gestión Integral de Riesgos QHSE3+ contribuyan en la perspectiva estratégica del éxito sostenible y la competitividad de los negocios PYME.iii) Demostrar con valoraciones específicas, que mediante la aplicación del Modelo y sus instrumentos de Planificación y Operación, es posible traducir el éxito sostenible, en la disminución de la vulnerabilidad estratégica global y de cada proceso, con magnitudes entre el 15% y el 37%.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.4144
Cuantificación y cualificación del diseño en la formación de ingenieros-Una nueva perspectiva
Authors: Ferradas Daniel Eduardo
Published: July 2016

El desempeño profesional en ingeniería está vinculado con el diseño, el producto y los procesos asociados, el cálculo y funcionamiento de máquinas, equipos, procesos, estructuras, entre otros, abordados desde una concepción lógica basada en la formación dada por las ciencias matemáticas y físicas. Si bien su formación de base en estas ciencias ha sido de características perennes y la evolución técnica ha puesto a su disposición herramientas para facilitar su aplicación en aspectos tecnológicos, su adecuada utilización frente a desafíos de nuevos conocimientos permitió asombrosos y vertiginosos avances mediante su aplicación ética y responsable asociada al diseño. El diseño, más allá de la utilización de herramientas informáticas facilitadoras de este proceso, necesita una revisión en la formación en ingenierías que permitan trasponer estos límites, abordándolo desde la productividad y el medio ambiente asociado al ciclo de vida del producto que hoy el pos grado da accesibilidad. El interés de este trabajo es profundizar el concepto de formación ingenieril vinculada al diseño, investigando la necesidad de este cambio, en un concepto que lleve implícito un nuevo abordaje de sus diseños curriculares que lo cuantifiquen y cualifiquen.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.4248