bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cross-Validation for Lower Rank Matrices Containing Outliers
Authors: Arciniegas-Alarcón Sergio , García-Peña Marisol , Krzanowski Wojtek J.
Published: July 2022

Several statistical techniques for analyzing data matrices use lower rank approximations to these matrices, for which, in general, the appropriate rank must first be estimated depending on the objective of the study. The estimation can be conducted by cross-validation (CV), but most methods are not designed to cope with the presence of outliers, a very common problem in data matrices. The literature suggests one option to circumvent the problem, namely, the elimination of the outliers, but such information removal should only be performed when it is possible to verify that an outlier effectively corresponds to a collection or typing error. This paper proposes a methodology that combines the robust singular value decomposition (rSVD) with a CV scheme, and this allows outliers to be taken into account without eliminating them. For this, three possible rSVD’s are considered and six resistant criteria are proposed for the choice of the rank, based on three classic statistics used in multivariate statistics. To test the performance of the various methods, a simulation study and an analysis of real data are described, using an exclusively numerical evaluation through Procrustes statistics and critical angles between subspaces of principal components. We conclude that, when data matrices are contaminated with outliers, the best estimation of rank is the one that uses a CV scheme over a robust lower rank approximation (RLRA) containing as many components as possible. In our experiments, the best results were obtained when this RLRA was calculated using an rSVD that minimizes the L2 norm.
Stability of Carboxyl-Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes in Simulated Cement Pore Solution and Its Effect on the Compressive Strength and Porosity of Cement-Based Nanocomposites
Authors: Silvestro Laura , Lima Geannina Terezinha Dos Santos , Ruviaro Artur Spat , Gleize Philippe Jean Paul
Published: July 2022

The application of carbon nanotubes to produce cementitious composites has been extensively researched. However, the dispersion of this nanomaterial remains a technical limitation for its use. Thus, initially, this study assessed the stability of carboxyl-functionalized CNT on aqueous suspensions and simulated cement pore solution for 6 h through UV–visible spectroscopy. Subsequently, a CNT content of 0.1% by cement weight was incorporated into the cement pastes, and the compressive strength after 7, 14, 28, and 91 days was evaluated. In addition, the porosity of the CNT cementitious composites at 28 days of hydration was investigated by mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), and the microstructure was evaluated via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The simulated cement pore solution’s alkaline environment affects the CNT stability, progressively reducing the dispersed CNT concentration over time. CNT reduced the cementitious matrix pores < 50 nm by 8.5%; however, it resulted in an increase of 4.5% in pores > 50 nm. Thus, CNT incorporation did not significantly affect the compressive strength of cement pastes. SEM results also suggested a high porosity of CNT cementitious composites. The CNT agglomeration trend in an alkaline environment affected the CNT performance in cement-based nanocomposites.
The Efficacy of Hyaluronic Acid Binding (HAB) in the Treatment of Male Infertility: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Ní Dhuifin Róisín , Griffin Darren K. , Moodley Therishnee
Published: July 2022

Hyaluronic acid (HA)-binding is reported to predict the fertilising capacity of spermatozoa, while HA-bound sperm selection is reported to reduce the incidence of miscarriage. However, the clinical effectiveness of these techniques remains uncertain. This work investigated the prognostic value of sperm-HA binding (HAB) as a predictor of treatment outcomes, and whether HAB-sperm selection for Invitro fertilisation (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) improves clinical outcomes or reduces miscarriage rates. A systematic review of the literature was carried out. A modified version of the Downs and Black Checklist was used to assess bias and study quality on eleven selected studies. No significant correlations were found between HAB score and fertilisation, clinical pregnancy, or live birth rates (low-quality evidence). Three studies reported a significant reduction in the incidence of miscarriage, including a Cochrane review (low-quality evidence). While the prognostic value of HAB scores is currently undetermined, there is evidence that HAB-sperm selection prior to insemination reduces the incidence of miscarriage following ART. Moreover, there are no reports of detrimental effects of HAB-sperm selection on treatment outcomes when compared with conventional IVF or ICSI. Therefore, it is unclear why it is assigned as a treatment “add-on” with a red light by the HFEA, and why its routine use is not recommended.
Thermosensitive Hydrogels Loaded with Resveratrol Nanoemulsion: Formulation Optimization by Central Composite Design and Evaluation in MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Kotta Sabna , Aldawsari Hibah Mubarak , Badr-Eldin Shaimaa M. , Nair Anroop B. , Kaleem Mohammed , Dalhat Mahmood Hassan
Published: July 2022

The second most common cause of mortality among women is breast cancer. A variety of natural compounds have been demonstrated to be beneficial in the management of various malignancies. Resveratrol is a promising anticancer polyphenolic compound found in grapes, berries, etc. Nevertheless, its low solubility, and hence its low bioavailability, restrict its therapeutic potential. Therefore, in our study, we developed a thermosensitive hydrogel formulation loaded with resveratrol nanoemulsion to enhance its bioavailability. Initially, resveratrol nanoemulsions were formulated and optimized utilizing a central composite-face-centered design. The independent variables for optimization were surfactant level, homogenization speed, and time, while the size and zeta potential were the dependent variables. The optimized nanoemulsion formulation was converted into a sensitive hydrogel using poloxamer 407. Rheological studies proved the formation of gel consistency at physiological temperature. Drug loading efficiency and in vitro drug release from gels were also analyzed. The drug release mechanisms from the gels were assessed using various mathematical models. The effect of the optimized thermosensitive resveratrol nanoemulsion hydrogel on the viability of human breast cancer cells was tested using MCF-7 cancer cell lines. The globule size of the selected formulation was 111.54 ± 4.16 nm, with a zeta potential of 40.96 ± 3.1 mV. Within 6 h, the in vitro release profile demonstrated a release rate of 80%. According to cell line studies, the produced hydrogel of resveratrol nanoemulsion was cytotoxic to breast cancer cells. Overall, the results proved the developed nanoemulsion-loaded thermosensitive hydrogel is a promising platform for the effective delivery of resveratrol for the management of breast cancer.
The Synthesis, Properties, and Stability of Lithium-Containing Nanostructured Nickel-Doped Ceramics
Authors: Kozlovskiy Artem L. , Zdorovets Maxim V. , Khametova Ainagul A. , Shlimas Dmitriy I.
Published: July 2022

Lithium-containing ceramics have several great potential uses for tritium production, as well as its accumulation. However, their use is limited due to their poor resistance to external influences, mechanical pressure, and temperature changes. In this work, initial nanostructured ceramic powders were obtained using the sol-gel method, by mixing TiO2 and LiClO4·3H2O with the subsequent addition of NiO nanoparticles to the reaction mixture; these powders were subsequently subjected to thermal annealing at a temperature of 1000 °C for 10 h. Thermal annealing was used to initiate the phase transformation processes, and to remove structural distortions resulting from synthesis. During the study, it was found that the addition of NiO nanoparticles leads to the formation of solid solutions by a type of Li0.94Ni1.04Ti2.67O7 substitution, which leads to an increase in the crystallinity and structural ordering degree. At the same time, the grain sizes of the synthesized ceramics change their shape from rhomboid to spherical. During analysis of the strength characteristics, it was found that the formation of Li0.94Ni1.04Ti2.67O7 in the structure leads to an increase in hardness and crack resistance; this change is associated with dislocation. When analyzing changes in resistance to cracking, it was found that, during the formation of the Li0.94Ni1.04Ti2.67O7 phase in the structure and the subsequent displacement of the Li2TiO3 phase from the composition, the crack resistance increases by 15% and 37%, respectively, which indicates an increase in the resistance of ceramics to cracking and the formation of microcracks under external influences. This hardening and the reinforcing effect are associated with the replacement of lithium ions by nickel ions in the crystal lattice structure.
Radiation-Induced Esophageal Cancer: Investigating the Pathogenesis, Management, and Prognosis
Authors: Syllaios Athanasios , Vailas Michail , Tolia Maria , Charalampakis Nikolaos , Vlachos Konstantinos , Kapetanakis Emmanouil I. , Tomos Periklis I. , Schizas Dimitrios
Published: July 2022

One of the most serious late side effects of irradiation is the promotion of tumorigenesis. Radiation-induced esophageal cancer (RIEC) can arise in a previously irradiated field, mostly in patients previously irradiated for thoracic malignancies such as breast cancer, Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas, head and neck cancers, lung cancer, or previous esophageal cancer. RIEC is rare and accounts for less than 1% of all carcinomas of the esophagus. There are little data available in the current literature regarding pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of esophageal cancer developed in a previously irradiated field. RIEC seems to represent a biologically aggressive disease with a poor prognosis. Although it is difficult to perform radical surgery on a previously irradiated field, R0 resection remains the mainstay of treatment. The use of neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy remains very helpful in RIEC, similarly to conventional esophageal cancer protocols. The aim of this article is to elucidate this rare but challenging entity.
Iron Status in Pregnant Women in Latvia: An Epidemiological, Cross-Sectional, Multicenter Study According to WHO and UK Criteria
Authors: Rezgale Roberta , Pudule Iveta , Cauce Vinita , Klaramunta Antila Kristine , Bule Violeta , Lazdane Gunta , Rezeberga Dace , Meija Laila
Published: July 2022

Background and Objectives: During pregnancy, iron deficiency anaemia is a common problem associated with health risks for both the mother and her foetus/infant. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of iron deficiency, iron deficiency anaemia, and related dietary patterns in pregnant women in Latvia. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional, multicentre study included pregnancy data from 974 women. The sample selection was based on the stratification principle (population of women of childbearing age in regions of Latvia). Maternal demographic details, anthropometric measurements, iron status, dietary patterns, and supplementation information were obtained from maternal files and during interviews held in eight outpatient departments of medical institutions and maternity departments. The prevalence was assessed. Chi-square tests and logistic regression were used to identify associations between iron deficiency and sociodemographic characteristics, dietary patterns, and iron supplement intake during pregnancy. The criterion used for the diagnosis of iron deficiency anaemia is a Hb level <110 g/L in the 1st and 3rd trimesters and <105 g/L during the 2nd trimester as recommended by the WHO. However, the UK guideline was used for borderline iron deficiency, which is an SF level <30 μg/L in all trimesters. Results: The observed prevalence of anaemia was 2.8% in the first trimester, 7.9% in the second trimester, and 27.0% in the third trimester. The prevalence of iron deficiency was 46.7% in the first trimester, 78.1% in the second trimester, and 91.7% in the third trimester. No associations with dietary patterns were found. Single women had 1.85 times the odds (95% CI 1.07 to 3.18) of being anaemic than married women. Conclusions: Iron deficiency affects a large proportion of pregnant women in Latvia in all trimesters, with iron deficiency anaemia affecting pregnant women in the third trimester. Monitoring and intervention should be performed in a timely and more targeted manner.
Characteristics of Gaseous/Liquid Hydrocarbon Adsorption Based on Numerical Simulation and Experimental Testing
Authors: Tian Shansi , Dong Zhentao , Liu Bo , Xue Haitao , Erastova Valentina , Wang Min , Yan Haiyang
Published: July 2022

Hydrocarbon vapor adsorption experiments (HVAs) are one of the most prevalent methods used to evaluate the proportion of adsorbed state oil, critical in understanding the recoverable resources of shale oil. HVAs have some limitations, which cannot be directly used to evaluate the proportion of adsorbed state oil. The proportion of adsorbed state oil from HVA is always smaller than that in shale oil reservoirs, which is caused by the difference in adsorption characteristics of liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons. The results of HVA need to be corrected. In this paper, HVA was conducted with kaolinite, an important component of shale. A new method is reported here to evaluate the proportion of adsorbed state oil. Molecular dynamics simulations (MDs) of gaseous/liquid hydrocarbons with the same temperature and pressure as the HVAs were used as a reference to reveal the errors in the HVAs evaluation from the molecular scale. We determine the amount of free state of hydrocarbons by HVAs, and then calculate the proportion of adsorbed state oil by the liquid hydrocarbon MD simulation under the same conditions. The results show that gaseous hydrocarbons adsorptions are monolayer at low relative pressures and bilayer at high relative pressures. The liquid hydrocarbons adsorption is multilayer adsorption. The adsorption capacity of liquid hydrocarbons is over 2.7 times higher than gaseous hydrocarbons. The new method will be more effective and accurate to evaluate the proportion of adsorbed state oil.
Nuclear Modification Factor in Small System Collisions within Perturbative QCD including Thermal Effects
Authors: Moriggi Lucas , Machado Magno
Published: July 2022

In this paper, the nuclear modification factors, RxA, are investigated for pion production in small system collisions, measured by PHENIX experiment at RHIC (Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider). The theoretical framework is the parton transverse momentum kT-factorization formalism for hard processes at small momentum fraction, x. Evidence for collective expansion and thermal effects for pions, produced at equilibrium, is studied based on phenomenological parametrization of blast-wave type in the relaxation time approximation. The dependencies on the centrality and on the projectile species are discussed in terms of the behavior of Cronin peak and the suppression of RxA at large transverse momentum, pT. The multiplicity of produced particles, which is sensitive to the soft sector of the spectra, is also included in the present analysis.
Trifluoromethylated Quinolone-Hydantoin Hybrids: Synthesis and Antibacterial Evaluation
Authors: Mahajan Akhil , Singh Harbinder , Singh Amandeep , Agrawal Devendra K. , Arora Amandeep , Chundawat Tejpal Singh
Published: July 2022

A series of new trifluoromethyl-substituted quinolones and hydantoin hybrids has been synthesized and evaluated against Gram-positive bacterium (Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 96) and Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 441, Klebsiella pneumonia MTCC 109, and Escherichia coli MTCC 442). Compound  19c, having the 6-propene group on the quinolone ring, showed similar activity to a standard drug (chloramphenicol) by exhibiting MIC values of 50 µg/mL against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Physicochemical properties of compound 19c were also determined, which were in line with Lipinski’s rule of five, suggesting the suitability of compound 19c in biological systems. Various types of binding interactions of 19c within the active site of DNA gyrase of S. aureus were also streamlined by molecular docking studies, suggesting its capability to block the catalytic process of the DNA gyrase, which could be the possible reason for its antibacterial potential.
Progress on developing a new SAE damping standard for the ground vehicle industry
Authors: Saha Pranab
Published: July 2022

With the emphasis in lightweighting of vehicle body structures, body panel vibration and structure-borne noise are big concerns to sound package engineers. Damping materials are used to mitigate these issues. As aluminum and different composite materials are used to make lightweight
vehicle body panels, a damped panel using these materials cannot be used in Oberst bar damping tests which uses a non-contacting transducer. To address this situation, SAE's Acoustical Materials Committee is developing a new damping standard (SAE J3130) based on the mechanical impedance measurement
method, also called the CenterPoint method. The committee is currently conducting a round robin study that includes different types of damping materials and different types of vibrating bars, including steel, aluminum, and glass bars. This paper discusses the status of the round robin testing.
It emphasizes the importance of data analysis using h statistic and k statistic, where h statistic checks the difference between means and k statistic checks the difference between variances. The paper illustrates some case studies based on the work done so far.
Taxonomic Revision of Pseudognaphalium (Asteraceae, Gnaphalieae) from North America
Authors: Freire Susana E. , Villaseñor José L. , Monti Claudia , Bayón Néstor D. , Migoya María A.
Published: July 2022

The genus Pseudognaphalium Kirp., segregated from Gnaphalium L., is one of the largest genera of the tribe Gnaphalieae (Asteraceae) with about 60 species, most of them found in South, Central, and North America, but some species also occurring in Africa, Asia, Europe, and New Zealand. We present a taxonomic revision of Pseudognaphalium for North America accepting 36 species, mainly distributed in the Nearctic Region and the Mexican Transition Zone, and about one third of the species occurring in the Neotropical Region. The following taxa are newly synonymized: G. oaxacanum Greenm. with P. semiamplexicaule (DC.) Anderb., G. schraderi DC. with P. attenuatum (DC.) Anderb. var. sylvicola (McVaugh) Hinojosa & Villaseñor, P. altamiranum (Greenm.) Anderb. with P. roseum (Kunth) Anderb., and P. beneolens (Davidson) Anderb. with P. thermale (E. E. Nelson) G. L. Nesom. Lectotypes are newly designated for G. oblanceolatum Greenm., G. panniforme S. F. Blake, G. ramosissimum Nutt., G. roseum Kunth var. angustifolium Benth., G. roseum var. hololeucum Benth., and G. roseum var. sordescens Benth. Morphological descriptions are provided as well as taxonomic data on nomenclatural types, including synonymies, illustrations, distribution maps, distribution and habitat, additional material examined, distinguishing characters and taxonomic affinities for each taxon, biogeographical and ecological comments, and a key for their identification.
PROSPECTS FOR THE FORMATION OF AN INDUSTRIAL CLUSTER FOR THE SUSTAINABLE USE OF RAW MATERIALS AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL
Authors: Butko Galina , Mehrencev Andrey , Skrynnikov R.
Published: July 2022

The article proposes a solution to the problem associated with the need to form import-substituting industries. The authors propose an approach based on the clustering of industrial production in the timber industry, under the conditions of rational use of raw materials in forest regions. The issues of forming a timber industry cluster are considered at the regional level. An economic toolkit is proposed to increase the efficiency of the formation and development of an industrial cluster in the region, which is based on two components: economic and organizational. An assessment of the production and economic potential of the Sverdlovsk region for the purposes of clustering the timber industry is given. The article presents the results of the evaluation of priority investment projects in the field of forest development implemented in the territory of the Sverdlovsk region, the most profitable and optimal from the point of view of sustainable development of the forest complex are identified. An important factor is the determining role of the industrial cluster of the region as a starting point for creating competitive advantages, on this basis of competitive innovation potential. Based on the results of the study, the article proposes the formation of local "points of growth" of the territorial industrial cluster, where this point of growth will be based on an anchor enterprise that has all the necessary conditions to achieve the goals and ensure the rationalization of the use of forest resources.
Hebrew Etymology for the Ethnonym Kipchak and the Etymologies for Varachan and Turk
Authors: UJVAROSY Kazmer
Published: July 2022

The ‘hollow tree’ etymology for the ethnonym Kipchak is considered to be a folk etymology, and most of the scholars who treat of this subject have given into this mistake. In their search for alternative etymologies they proposed numerous terms, but they remain unconvincing suggestions. Here I show, convincingly I think, that Kipchak indeed means ‘hollow tree’. In Hebrew כַּף kaph means anything ‘hollow’, and עֵצָ֔ה etsah or etzah means a ‘tree’. Thus evidently the original form of the ethnonym Kipchak is the Hebrew term kaph tsah or kaph tzah, ‘hollow tree’. Oghuz Khagan named the child Kipchak, Hollow Tree, because his mother gave him birth in the hollow of a tree. This etymology indicates that Oghuz Khagan and his people not only spoke Hebrew, but were of Hebrew descent as well. As for the Hun capital, Varachan, I propose the Város + Hun, i.e. ‘Hun City’ etymology. Finally in the Djagfar Tarihi the Turkic road is also the Silk Road, Turgu-yuly, indicating the Dargo or Turgu, drága ‘dear, expensive, precious’ etymology for the ethnonym Turk.
Finding Leprosy Patients with ICF (Intensive Case Finding) in Tuk Village Working area of UPTD Community Health Centers Kedawung Cirebon Regency in 2021
Authors: Herawati Cucu , Indragiri Suzana , Nuniek Tri Wahyuni  , Awis Hamid Dani  , Aeni Heni Fa’riatul , Prilianto Eka
Published: July 2022

Leprosy is an infectious disease that causes very complex problems, not only physical health problems but also stigma problems. Stigma delays diagnosis and treatment so that patients who come to health workers already experience disability. The government's efforts to increase the early detection of leprosy, one of which is the intensified case finding/ICF. So the purpose of this community service is to analyze the findings of leprosy patients with ICF. The materials used in this community service are cotton, family survey form (SSF), promotional materials, and IEC teaching aids. The target of this activity is the community in RW 03 and RW 04, Tuk Village, Kedawung Health Center, Cirebon Regency. The methods used are: coordination, interview, and examination. Data analysis with univariate analysis. The results of this community service were: the achievement of finding cases of leprosy was by the target, there were no leprosy suspects found, and several other skin health problems were found, such as itching, scabies, and tinea versicolor. There should be an increase in informal education for leprosy programmers, increasing outreach efforts and the community should be able to recognize the early symptoms of leprosy.
THE VOLATILITY OF BROILER MEAT PRICES IN TRADITIONAL AND MODERN MARKETS BEFORE, AT THE BEGINNING OF, AND DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN JAMBI CITY
Authors: Firmansyah  , Afriani H. , Hoesni Fachroerrozi
Published: July 2022

This study aimed to analyze the volatility of broiler meat prices before, in the beginning, and during the Covid-19 pandemic in traditional and modern markets in Jambi City and the forecast model. This study uses weekly time series data on broiler meat prices with the following periods: a) before the Covid-19 pandemic, the period March 2019 to February 2020; b) the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic for the period March 2020 to August 2020; c) the Covid-19 pandemic period September 2020 to August 2021, sourced from the National Strategic Food Price Information Center. Data analysis was conducted using the coefficient of variation, ARIMA, ARCH, and GARCH. The price volatility of broiler meat in traditional markets is higher than in modern markets before, early, and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The highest price volatility occurred before the Covid-19 pandemic. The ARIMA model can predict the future price value of broiler meat in traditional and modern markets. The novelty of this research is the behavioral diversity and volatility of broiler meat prices before, in the beginning, and during the Covid-19 pandemic in traditional and modern markets in Jambi City. In addition, another novelty is the right forecast model to predict the future broiler meat prices in traditional and modern markets.
A CAPABILITY APPROACH FOR RURAL YOUTH INCLUSION IN SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC AFFAIRS IN SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: Shava Elvin , Vyas-Doorgapersad Shikha
Published: July 2022

South Africa has a vibrant and vocal youth population capable of holding the government accountable in executing public duties. Nonetheless, the voice of rural youths in social and economic affairs is still unheard, as evidenced by escalating youth poverty and unemployment levels. This situation is inconsistent with the National Development Plan (2012-2030), which advocates for equal economic opportunities and enhanced human capabilities for youths. This paper aims to examine how the capability approach can be used to promote the inclusion of rural youth in social and economic development in South Africa. This study adopted a qualitative approach that utilized documents and peer-reviewed articles on youth capabilities and inclusion in social and economic affairs in South Africa. The study responded to the following questions: What is the role of the rural youth in the socio-economic affairs of South Africa? What are the challenges encountered by the rural youth in participating in the socio-economic affairs of the country? Through critical discourse analysis, the article reveals that the absence of entrepreneurial skills, low education levels, and limited investment in youth initiatives are major obstacles to harnessing rural youth potential in the social and economic affairs of South Africa. Therefore, the rural youth must actively engage the government on issues of local economic development, entrepreneurship, and innovation, which are grey areas for promoting youth economic empowerment, to enhance their social and economic statuses.
All-fiber polarization-maintaining system for noise suppression and signal amplification of picosecond pulses
Authors: Dai Gaoyu , Ozeki Yasuyuki
Published: July 2022

We present an all–fiber polarization-maintaining system, which consists of an ultralow-intensity-noise picosecond Yb mode-locked fiber oscillator, a Yb-doped fiber amplifier and a noise suppressor based on nonlinear optical loop mirror. After amplification and noise suppression, the optical power is as high as 190 mW, and the relative intensity noise (RIN) measured at an optical power of 30 mW is as low as −161.4 dB Hz−1, which is only 0.3 dB higher than the RIN of the oscillator. We also investigated the temperature dependence of the noise suppression performance, which suggests that guided acoustic-wave Brillouin scattering is one of the factors that limit the performance of the noise suppressor.
Railway Infrastructure and Traveller usage Prediction and Rendering Solutions
Authors:   CSE, JNTU Kakinada, Kakinada, India., Ankala* Dr. Krishna Mohan , Kanigolla Jyothirmai ,   CSE, JNTU Kakinada, Eluru, India.
Published: July 2022

This project introduces the primary establishments of Big Data connected to Smart Cities. An IOT based mechanism is proposed to be connected to various areas. In this project, we are trying to predict and provide the solution to improvise the railway / bus infrastructure and their services. Indian local & state railways or buses are a mode of transport service where thousands of people process every minute. Thus our proposed system involves data collection of the users based on id, username, gender, age, the timing of travel, station source and destination to monitor the user travel behavior. Thus the collected data can be used for analytics and prediction. Predicting the consumer's count and behavior who uses the railway services are solved through the R Programming. The data analytics are performed using R studio. For this work, In R programming, we use K-means algorithm for clustering and use Naive Bayes algorithm for machine learning and solution defining. Finally, the predictive output is sent for public access using shinyapps.io. These results are useful to the travelling systems for giving better services to passengers.
Agricultural drought assessment on the base of Hydro-thermal Coefficient of Selyaninov in Poland
Authors: Chmist-Sikorska Joanna , Kępińska-Kasprzak Małgorzata , Struzik Piotr
Published: July 2022

Climate change on the globe has been manifested over the past few decades by, among other things, an increase in the frequency of extreme weather events, such as droughts. Drought affects millions of people around the world every year. Its effects usually appear after a long period of rainfall deficit. Based on climate projections, it is emphasized that water scarcity will be one of the most important problems in the future. Due to the importance of the increasing problem of drought, the analysis of this phenomenon in Poland was undertaken in the context of agriculture. The aim of this study was to assess the course of drought in the vegetation period during years 2001-2020 for Poland based on the Selyaninov’s coefficient (HTC). As shown in this study, the western and central parts of the country, dominated by arable land, are particularly vulnerable to drought. Due to the cyclic nature of periods classified by HTC as dry, it can be concluded that the problem of precipitation deficit for crops in Poland could get worse.
PENERAPAN MODEL PROJECT BASED LEARNING BERBASIS STEM UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Rahmi Rosita Putri , Meli Nur , Kusdar Kusdar
Published: July 2022

Sifat-sifat cahaya masih menjadi konsep IPA yang dirasa sulit oleh siswa kelas IV SDN 001 Muara Baadak. Oleh karena itu, Peningkatan hasil belajar IPA melalui model Project Based Learning (PjBL) berbasis STEM merupakan tujuan dari penelitian ini, khususnya terkait materi sifat-sifat cahaya. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV di SDN 001 Muara Badak tahun pembelajaran 2021/2022 yang berjumlah 20 siswa dengan tiga siklus. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik tes, observasi dan dokumentasi.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rerata nilai hasil belajar siswa pada pra siklus adalah sebesar 52,6 dengan persentase siswa tuntas sebesar 20%. Pada siklus I  persentase siswa tuntas sebesar 65% dan terdapat persentase peningkatan sebesar 18,1%. Pada Siklus II persentase siswa tuntas 90% dan terdapat persentase peningkatan sebesar 52,04%. Pada periode akhir siklus III mencapai peningkatan hasil belajar sebesar 71,04%. Dari hasil penelitian dan dapat dsimpulkan bahwa hasil belajar IPA materi sifat-sifat cahaya melalui model Project Based learning Berbasis STEM kelas IV di SDN 001 Muara Badak tahun pembelajaran 2021/2022 mengalami peningkatan.
O JOGO DE PERGUNTAS E RESPOSTAS NA EDUCAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS
Authors: Simões Campos Mylena , Alves Adame Maiara , Gualandi Jorge Henrique , Dos Santos Pollyana
Published: July 2022

Este artigo apresenta uma experiência com o Jogo de Perguntas e Respostas, confeccionado e utilizado para revisar o conteúdo de Números Primos e Compostos, em uma turma da 6ª etapa da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA), de uma escola pública em Marataízes – ES. De natureza qualitativa, os dados foram produzidos no decorrer da etapa de regência do Estágio Supervisionado IV, do Curso Superior de Licenciatura em Matemática do Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo (Ifes), Campus Cachoeiro de Itapemirim/ES. Constatou-se que o referido Jogo auxiliou os jovens e adultos a revisarem o conteúdo estudado, de forma descontraída, dinâmica e atrativa. Ainda, verificou-se que os Jogos, no geral, têm grande potencial educativo, se pensados e utilizados com objetivos pedagógicos.
Ensino de Geologia na Formação de Professores de Química: Uma Aula de Campo no Morro do Moreno, Vila Velha, ES
Authors: Campos Carlos Roberto , Vasconcelos Alice Duarte
Published: July 2022

Esse trabalho apresenta uma proposta de uma aula de campo no Morro do Moreno, Vila Velha (ES), para alunos da Licenciatura em Química. O principal objetivo é desenvolver uma visão sistêmica nos alunos, dando especial destaque ao debate socioambiental em um contexto geológico. Trata-se de um relato de experiência desenvolvido a partir de um evento escolar. A aula de campo será dividida em 3 etapas: pré-campo, campo e pós-campo, sendo sugerido alguns pontos de parada com a finalidade de debater assuntos como risco geológico, rochas ígneas e mineralogia. Como conclusão, destaca-se que a aula de campo detém o papel de propiciar avanços na leitura do ambiente, capacitando os discentes para uma compreensão crítica do espaço e para a formação de cidadãos emancipados, um dos objetivos maiores da educação.
Editorial
Authors: Gonçalves de Oliveira Marcia
Published: July 2022

As palavra-chaves apontadas pelos autores em seus artigosreúnem as principais temáticas abordadas com novidades nesta edição: Pensamento Computacional,atividade experimental de Arduíno no ensino remoto de Física, objetos virtuais de aprendizagem ejogos lúdicos para o ensino de Química, uso de impressora 3D no ensino, alfabetização científica,ensino por investigação, formação de professores, ensino de Geologia e currículo. A partir dessastemáticas, esta edição coloca em foco relatos de experiências e discussões que trazem a pesquisa, atecnologia e a inovação para a sala de aula.
EFFECT OF 3 MONTHS-FEEDING OF A POWDER DIET FORTIFIED WITH CHILLI (GUNTUR, BIRD’S EYE, AND NAGA KING) ON SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE LEVELS IN SD RAT
Authors: Korra Mangthya  , Pradeep B. Patil  , R. Ananthan  , K. Subash  , T Longvah  , SSYH Qadri
Published: July 2022

Purpose: Chilli has been considered a culprit and saviour in various non-communicable disorders in the scientific world. We hypothesise that varying proportions of active principles in different chilli affect its therapeutic potential significantly, and it could be a game-changer in the area of drug discovery.
Design/methodology/approach: In this regard, nutritional analysis was performed for three chillies, followed by the animal study on SD rats fed a standard rodent powder diet (20% protein) fortified with 0.005% of capsaicin (CAP) equivalent chilli powder for three months to measure superoxide dismutase (SOD) in five visceral organs/tissues.
Finding: The NKC and BEC groups have shown opposite results to the GC and capsaicin equivalent groups (CEG) regarding animal body weight and SOD levels in various tissues. However, there is no change in feed intake.
Research limitations/implications: In parallel, serum SOD should have been tested. Other methods for SOD analysis would fetch confirmatory results. Using a mild or moderate stress rodent model would prove its therapeutic efficacy. CAP alone might affect anti-obesity and SOD levels; however, the DHC content of chilli plays an essential role in providing synergistic or antagonistic effects on anti-obesity or activating the antioxidant system depending on the threshold level. It means it could have biphasic properties similar to capsaicin.
Originality/value: The present paper generates evidence that capsaicinoid relative proportion in chilli plays an essential role in its therapeutic or negative impact on health.
KEYWORDS: Naga King Chilli, Guntur Chilli, Bird’s Eye Chilli, Capsaicin, Wistar rat Paper type: Original article
Theoretical-legal and practical aspects of the surrender of the aggressor
Authors:   Bakı Dövlət Universiteti magistrant, Bilal oğlu İbadov Semral
Published: July 2022

Məqalə təcavüzkarın təslim edilməsinin nəzəri-hüquqi və praktiki aspektlərinə dair elmi-nəzəri müddəalar, presedent hüququ, beynəlxalq cinayət ədliyyəsi təsisatlarının təsis sənədləri, habelə beynəlxalq təşkilatların ümumi strategiyası əsasında hazırlanmışdır. Bununla yanaşı, Ermənistanın Azərbaycana qarşı təcavüzü nəticəsində törədilən beynəlxalq cinayətlərə, o cümlədən təcavüz cinayətinin törədilməsində təqsirli bilinən şəxslərin təslim edilməsi məsələlərinə də toxunulmuşdur. Açar sözlər: təcavüz, təcavüzkar, təcavüzkarın təslim edilməsi, beynəlxalq cinayət tribunalları və məhkəmələri, hybrid məhkəmələr, Ermənistanın Azərbaycana qarşı təcavüzü Semral Bilal Ibadov Theoretical-legal and practical aspects of the surrender of the aggressor Abstract The article is based on scientific and theoretical provisions on the theoretical, legal and practical aspects of the surrender of the aggressor, case law, the constitutional documents of international criminal justice institutions, as well as the general strategy of international organizations. At the same time, international crimes committed as a result of Armenia's aggression against Azerbaijan, including the extradition of persons accused of aggression, were touched upon. Key words: aggression, aggressor, extradition of the aggressor, international criminal tribunals and courts, hybrid courts, Armenian aggression against Azerbaijan
The importance of government measures in the field of investment increase and easy trade
Authors:   Dövlət Gömrük Komitəsinin Akademiyası magistrant, İdris oğlu Salahov Roman
Published: July 2022

İnvestisiyaların stimullaşdırılması zamanı qarşıya çıxan dövlət tədbirlərindən biri də ticarətin asanlaşdırılmasıdır. Ticarətin asanlaşdırılması ölkə ərazisində istehsala hazırlıq prosesindən tutmuş hazır məhsulların realizasiyasına qədər olan bütün mərhələləri əhatə edən bir prosesdir. Ticarətin asanlaşdırılması zamanı əsas götürülən meyarlar istehsal informasiyalarının əlçatan olması, sahə üzrə investorlar üçün informasiya mənbələrinin güvənilir olması, istehsal texnologiyalarının alınması və ya idxalı üzrə güzəştlərin tətbiqi, vergi və rüsumların güzəştli tətbiq olunması, sahələr üzrə bazarlara maneəsiz çıxış imkanları və s. hesab edilir. İnvestorların qərarlarına təsir edən bütün bu faktorlar nəzərə alınaraq dövlətlər tərəfindən ticarətin asanlaşdırılması üzrə tədbirlər həyata keçirilir. Açar sözlər: investisiya fəaliyyəti, xarici ticarət, dövlətin iqtisadi fəaliyyəti, ticarətin asanlaşdırılması, ixrac potensialının artırılması Roman Idris Salahov The importance of government measures in the field of investment increase and easy trade Abstract One of the government measures taken to stimulate investment is to facilitate trade. Trade facilitation is a process that covers all stages in the country, from the process of preparation for production to the sale of finished products. Criteria for trade facilitation include access to production information, reliability of information sources for investors in the field, application of concessions on the purchase or import of production technologies, preferential application of taxes and duties, unimpeded access to markets in the field, etc. is considered. Taking into account all these factors influencing the decisions of investors, the states are taking measures to facilitate trade. Key words: investment activity, foreign trade, economic activity of the state, trade facilitation, increase of export potential Key words: investment activity, foreign trade, economic activity of the state, trade facilitation, increase of export potential
Patent Hüquqlarının Tətbiqi və Dərman Vasitələrinin Əlçatanlığı Mövzusunda Beynəlxalq Müqavilələrin Rolu
Authors:   Baku State University master, Yashar Aghamaliyeva Sara
Published: July 2022

International recognition of intellectual property rights was achieved after adopting the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property and the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works. Afterward, the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights was adopted to establish minimum standards for the regulation of intellectual property by the national legislation of the member countries. On the other hand, there are international agreements, such as the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948 and the United Nations International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights of 1966, which reflect the fundamental human rights as the right to health and right to access medicine. Key words: trips agreement, doha declaration, intellectual property law, patents, access to medicine Sara Yaşar qızıAğamalıyeva Patent Hüquqlarının Tətbiqi və Dərman Vasitələrinin Əlçatanlığı Mövzusunda Beynəlxalq Müqavilələrin Rolu Xülasə Əqli mülkiyyət hüquqlarının beynəlxalq müstəvidə tanınmasına Sənaye Mülkiyyətinin Mühafizəsi üzrə Paris Konvensiyasının və Ədəbi və Bədii Əsərlərin Qorunması haqqında Bern Konvensiyasının qəbulundan sonra nail olunmuşdur. Sonradan üzv ölkələrin milli qanunvericiliyində əqli mülkiyyət hüquqlarının tənzimlənməsinin minimum standartlarını müəyyən etmək məqsədilə TRIPS Sazişi qəbul edilmişdir. Digər tərəfdən isə, sağlamlıq hüququ və tibbə çıxış hüququ kimi əsas insan hüquqlarını özündə əks etdirən Birləşmiş Millətlər Təşkilatının 1948-ci il Ümumdünya İnsan Hüquqları Bəyannaməsi və Birləşmiş Millətlər Təşkilatının 1966-cı ildəki İqtisadi, Sosial və Mədəni Hüquqlar Haqqında Beynəlxalq Paktı kimi beynəlxalq müqavilələr mövcuddur. Açar sözlər: trips sözləşməsi, doha bəyannaməsi, əqli mülkiyyət hüququ, patent, dərman vasitələrinin əlyetərliyi
Kriptovalyuta əməliyyatlarinda çirkli pullarin yuyulmasi ilə mübarizənin hüquqi problemləri
Authors:   Baku State University master, Nadir Babazade Turkan
Published: July 2022

Cryptocurrency is a convenient tool for money laundering because it gives relative anonymity for the owner of the currency, as far as it does not require any personal information about the user and his location. Aforementioned feature minimizes the opportunity for law enforcement agencies to track back the criminal activity and to identify the criminal personality. Furthermore, cryptocurrency transactions are out of the government control because for conducting any transactions by using cryptocurrency, there is no need for their verification by governmental authority. Bitcoin transactions actually have the ability to make money laundering easier for criminals because cryptocurrencies are conducted, transferred, and stored online and allow cybercriminals to move their funds instantly across borders. Key words: cryptocurrency, bitcoin, money laundering, criminal investigation, virtual currency. Türkan Nadir qızı Babazadə Kriptovalyuta əməliyyatlarinda çirkli pullarin yuyulmasi ilə mübarizənin hüquqi problemləri Xülasə Kriptovalyuta çirkli pulların yuyulması üçün əlverişli vasitədir, çünki o, valyuta sahibinə nisbi anonimlik verir, çünki istifadəçi və onun yeri haqqında heç bir şəxsi məlumat tələb etmir. Yuxarıda qeyd olunan xüsusiyyət hüquq-mühafizə orqanlarının cinayət fəaliyyətini izləmək və cinayətkar şəxsiyyəti müəyyən etmək imkanını minimuma endirir. Bundan əlavə, kriptovalyuta əməliyyatları dövlətin nəzarətindən kənardadır, çünki kriptovalyutadan istifadə etməklə hər hansı əməliyyatın aparılması üçün bank, dövlət orqanı tərəfindən onların yoxlanılmasına ehtiyac yoxdur. Bitcoin əməliyyatları əslində cinayətkarlar üçün çirkli pulların yuyulmasını asanlaşdırmaq imkanına malikdir, çünki kriptovalyutalar onlayn rejimdə aparılır, köçürülür və saxlanılır və kibercinayətkarlara öz vəsaitlərini dərhal sərhədlərdən keçirməyə imkan verir. Açar sözlər: kriptovalyuta, bitcoin, çirkli pulların yuyulması, cinayət işləri üzrə ibtidai araşdırma, virtual valyuta
Main directions of economic development of Eastern Zangazur economic region
Authors:   Azərbaycan Dövlət İqtisad Universiteti magistrant, Saməddin oğlu Qəhrəmanlı Həsən
Published: July 2022

Məqalədə Şərqi Zəngəzurun iqtisadi inkişafının əsas istiqamətləri haqqında təhlil öz əksini tapmışdır. Regionların iqtisadi inkişafının əsas istiqamətləri üzrə müasir tendensiyalar regional iqtisadi siyasətin, başqa sözlə, regionların iqtisadi inkişafının rolunun öyrənilməsinin vacibliyini nümayiş etdirir. Regional iqtisadi siyasət bu baxımdan ərazi bölgüsünün gələcək inkişafı üçün əsas strategiyaları və məqsədləri özündə ehtiva edir, yalnız bu regiona aid olan amillərin ən əsas istiqamətlərini işıqlandırır. Şərqi Zəngəzur iqtisadi rayonunda təbii ehtiyatlarının işlənməsinə innovativ yanaşmaların tətbiqi, iqtisadi inkişafın bərabərləşdirilməsi problemi növbəti mərhələdə ölkənin inkişafında qeyri-müəyyən mərhələ olaraq qalır. İşğaldan azad edilmiş torpaqların iqtisadiyyatının bərpası işlərinin vahid proqram əsasında aparılması mühüm əhəmiyyət kəsb edir ki, bu da dövlət başçısının ölkədə iqtisadi rayonların bölgüsünün təzələnməsi ilə bağlı qərarının qəbul edilməsinə səbəb olub. İqtisadi rayonların yeni bölgüsünün ölkə iqtisadiyyatının daha da sürətləndirilmiş inkişafına diqqət yetirdiyini və bunun iqtisadiyyatın sistemli idarə edilməsinin təkmilləşdirilməsi baxımından əhəmiyyətlidir. Hazırda iqtisadi inkişafın həyata keçirilməsinin əsasını regional amil təşkil edir, belə demək mümkünsə, müasir şəraitdə regional inkişafın əhəmiyyəti çox ətraflı öyrənilib. Açar sözlər: Şərqi Zəngəzur, iqtisadi inkişaf, inkişaf istiqamətləri, regional amil, resurs Hasan Samaddin Gahramanli Main directions of economic development of Eastern Zangazur economic region Abstract The article provides an analysis of the main directions of economic development of East Zangazur. Current trends in the main directions of economic development of the regions increase the importance of studying the role of regional economic policy, in other words, the economic development of the regions. From this point of view, the regional policy consists of the main strategies for the development of the territorial division and only, it highlights the main directions of the factors that contribute to this region. In East Zangazur the application of innovative approaches to the development of economically natural resources, the problem of creating economic development remains an uncertain process in the new economic development. The unified software for the economic recovery of the liberated lands is economically detrimental, which led the President to decide to renew the division of economic regions. The new division of economic regions is aimed at further accelerated development of the country's economy and strengthening the development of systemic management of the economy. At present, the basis of the impact of economic development is the regional factor, so to speak, it has been studied in great detail in regional development in modern conditions. Key words: East Zangazur, economic development, development directions, regional factor, resource