bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development patterns, material metabolism, and greenhouse gas emissions of high-speed railway in China
Authors: Mao Ruichang , Wu Yankun , Chen Jian , Chen Peng , Li Xiaodong
Published: September 2023

China built the longest high-speed railway system by consuming massive construction materials. However, characterization material metabolism in HSR system remains less explored. Here we conducted a bottom-up material metabolism study and revealed the material stocks, flows, and greenhouse gas emissions from 2008 to 2035 in China’s high-speed railway. We show that material stocks temporally amount from 0.6 gigatons in 2010 to 3.7 gigatons in 2020, dominated by aggregate and cement. Spatially, material stock distribution gaps across Chinese provinces are becoming more narrowed. Material flows wise, growing high-speed railway speed increased resource demands, but construction technology and material production advances could offset these increases. Our results demonstrate the carbon replacement value of 1008 megatons by 2020 and the operational emissions of 31 megatons annually. Compared with road and aviation passenger transport, we highlighted the environmental benefits of high-speed railway for informing green transitions.
Secondary flow in contour currents controls the formation of moat-drift contourite systems
Authors: Wilckens Henriette , Eggenhuisen Joris T. , Adema Pelle H. , Hernández-Molina F. Javier , Jacinto Ricardo Silva , Miramontes Elda
Published: September 2023

Ocean currents control seafloor morphology and the transport of sediments, organic carbon, nutrients, and pollutants in deep-water environments. A better connection between sedimentary deposits formed by bottom currents (contourites) and hydrodynamics is necessary to improve reconstructions of paleocurrent and sediment transport pathways. Here we use physical modeling in a three-dimensional flume tank to analyse the morphology and hydrodynamics of a self-emerging contourite system. The sedimentary features that developed on a flat surface parallel to a slope are an elongated depression (moat) and an associated sediment accumulation (drift). The moat-drift system can only form in the presence of a secondary flow near the seafloor that transports sediment from the slope toward the drift. The secondary flow increases with higher speeds and steeper slopes, leading to steeper adjacent drifts. This study shows how bottom currents shape the morphology of the moat-drift system and highlights their potential to estimate paleo-ocean current strength.
Copper vulcanization realizes selective carbon dioxide reduction to formate
Authors: Liu Wenqiang , Wen Yan , Fang Nan , Wang Mingmin , Xu Yong , Huang Xiaoqing
Published: September 2023

Herein, we demonstrate that the vulcanization of copper nanosheets (Cu2S NSs) can realize selective electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction (CO2RR) to formate (HCOOH).
A low-coordinate iron organoazide complex
Authors: Gonzalez Andres , Demeshko Serhiy , Meyer Franc , Werncke C. Gunnar
Published: September 2023

The isolation and behaviour of a labile iron organoazide adduct is reported.
Reaction controlled growth with formic acid for high-quality Cs3Cu2I5 single crystals
Authors: Lai Jianming , Pan Qiutao , Wang Wenzhen , Wang Shaohan , Lai Ziyi , Feng Xiaoxi , Sun Jing , Qi Huanzhen , Hong Feng , Zhang Zifa , Xu Fei , Chen Junfeng , Zhu Yan , Qin Juan , Zhang Hui , Xu Run , Wang Linjun
Published: September 2023

Using formic acid controls I− ion concentration and growth rate, producing high-quality Cs3Cu2I5 single crystals.
Interaction between pentacene molecules and monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Black E. , Kratzer P. , Morbec J. M.
Published: September 2023

First-principles investigation of the adsorption of pentacene on monolayer two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides.
Effect of steric hindrance and number of substituents on the transfer and interface properties of Y-shaped hole-transporting materials for perovskite solar cells
Authors: Zhang Zemin , Tang Zetian , Wang Keliang , Wang Ping , Yang Jianfa
Published: September 2023

Four Y-shaped HTMs are designed by introducing alkyl sulphoxide groups. The hole mobility is decreased as the increase of steric hindrance. These new HTMs can promote hole migration due to enhanced interface interaction of HTM/perovskite system.
Heterostructured Li3VO4–Ga2O3-embedded porous carbon nanofibers as advanced anode materials for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Chen Canyang , Pei Cunyuan , Yang Song , Ma Huijuan , Zhang Dongmei , Sun Bing , Ni Shibing
Published: September 2023

The double needle electrospinning was proposed for enhancing the conductivity and capacity of Li3VO4-based anode materials through the novel design of heterostructured Li3VO4–Ga2O3-embedded porous carbon nanofibers structure.
Glycosidase-targeting small molecules for biological and therapeutic applications
Authors: Kim Yujun , Li Hui , Choi Joohee , Boo Jihyeon , Jo Hyemi , Hyun Ji Young , Shin Injae
Published: September 2023

Recent advances made in the discovery of glycosidase-targeting small molecules for detection of glycosidases and treatment of glycosidase-associated diseases are discussed.
Tuning of the electronic, photocatalytic and optical properties of Janus XWAZ2 (X = S, Se, Te; A = Si, Ge; Z = N, P, As) monolayers via strain and external electric field
Authors: Gao Zhen , He Xin , He Yao , Xiong Kai
Published: September 2023

Explored the effects of biaxial strain and applied electric field on the electronic, optical, and photocatalytic properties of XWAZ2 monolayers using density functional theory based on first principles.
Cavity structured S-NiO with improved energy density for aqueous asymmetric hybrid supercapacitors by CDA mechanism
Authors: Patil Pratik Ashok , Khalate Suraj Anandrao , Patil Umakant Mahadev , Kale Rajendra Devidas , Kulkarni Sachin Babasaheb
Published: September 2023

Schematic of the deposition along with the structural-morphological and electrochemical transformation of S-NiO through the cost effective CDA mechanism designed for improved energy density of a (S-NiO//KOH//graphite) AAHSc device.
Bi-functional role of high charge mobility with 2D/2D interactions for effective PEC and visible photocatalysis in NiO/MoS2 nanocomposites
Authors: Mehboob Maria , Haider Rida Shahzadi , Sajjad Shamaila , Leghari Sajjad Ahmed Khan , Jamila Ghulam Sughra , Amin Mohammed A. , Ibrahim Mohamed M.
Published: September 2023

Bi-functional 2D–2D NiO/MoS2 exhibits superior photoactivity and hydrogen production due to homogenously dispersed layers, electronic conductivity, and interfacial charge coupling.
A complex of cobalamin with an organic peroxide
Authors: Lehene Maria , Zăgrean-Tuza Cezara , Hădade Niculina , Aghion Andreea , Şeptelean Raluca , Iancu Stefania D. , Brânzanic Adrian M.V. , Silaghi-Dumitrescu Radu
Published: September 2023

A complex of cobalamin with m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid is characterized with UV-vis, NMR, MS, resonance Raman and DFT.
Silica nanoparticle accumulation in plants: current state and future perspectives
Authors: Pan Wei , Zhang Hong-Jie , Zhang Yu-Feng , Wang Mei , Tsui Martin Tsz-Ki , Yang Liuyan , Miao Ai-Jun
Published: September 2023

The bioaccumulation of silica nanoparticles in plants, including their accumulation, translocation, and transformation, is summarized in this review.
Boosting nucleophilic attack to realize high current density biomass valorization on a tunable Prussian blue analogue
Authors: Zhang Kaiyue , Xiao Chuqian , Li Yuhang , Li Chunzhong
Published: September 2023

A Prussian blue analogue was chosen as an anode catalyst to catalyze biomass valorization assisted by the HER. NiFe-PBA can achieve FEs of the corresponding value-added products over 60% and even up to almost 100% for some of them.
Facile synthesis of a CuSe/PVP nanocomposite for ultrasensitive non-enzymatic glucose biosensing
Authors: Rasheed Momna , Saira Farhat , Batool Zahida , khan Hasan M. , Yaseen Junaid , Arshad Muhammad , Kalsoom Ambreen , Ahmed Hafiz Ejaz , Ashiq Muhammad Naeem
Published: September 2023

CuSe-PVP based non-enzymatic glucose biosensors show high sensitivity, lower response time, wide linear range and low cost.
Sodium phosphate solid base catalysts for production of novel biodiesel by transesterification reaction
Authors: Zhao Zhenglong , Wu Wenwang , Jia Lihua , Guo Xiangfeng
Published: September 2023

Sodium phosphate solid base catalysts were prepared by the sample calcination method and achieved 90% yield in the novel biodiesel production of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether monolaurate (EGMEML) under optimal conditions, and exhibited the excellent stability and recovery.
Tailoring two white chromatographic platforms for simultaneous estimation of ritonavir-boosted nirmatrelvir in their novel pills: degradation, validation, and environmental impact studies
Authors: Elbordiny Haydi S. , Alzoman Nourah Z. , Maher Hadir M. , Aboras Sara I.
Published: September 2023

Two fast, green, and stability-indicating chromatographic methods were designed for the neat quantitative determination of Nirmatrelvir and ritonavir in their newly launched Paxlovid® pills.
A novel pyridinium-functionalized fluorenone compound for neutral aqueous organic redox flow batteries
Authors: Li Wenjin , Li Jiayao , Yuan Xianzhi , Xiang Zhipeng , Liang Zhenxing , Fu Zhiyong
Published: September 2023

A novel pyridinium-functionalized fluorenone derivative with high solubility in water and highly reversible electrochemical behavior exhibited decent battery performance for aqueous organic redox flow batteries.
Development of MOF-5-like ultra-microporous metal-squarate frameworks for efficient acetylene storage and separation
Authors: Li Hai-Peng , Wang Jia-Wen , Zhai Quan-Guo
Published: September 2023

A series of ultra-microporous MOF-5-like metal-squarate frameworks exhibit moderate C2H2 uptake capacity, in addition to excellent C2H2/CO2 and C2H2/C2H4 separation ability regulated by strong hydrogen bond interactions.
A pH-responsive ZC-QPP hydrogel for synergistic antibacterial and antioxidant treatment to enhance wound healing
Authors: Zhang Ziwen , Wang Jinxia , Luo Yu , Li Chunlin , Sun Yangang , Wang Kaiyang , Deng Guoying , Zhao Linjing , Yuan Chunping , Lu Jie , Chen Ying , Wan Jian , Liu Xijian
Published: September 2023

A ZC-QPP hydrogel with antibacterial and antioxidant properties has been successfully prepared, which can exhibit antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects to ensure rapid wound healing.
Ion migration inhibition and defect passivation via sulfonate salt coordination for high-performance perovskite solar cells with enhanced phase stability
Authors: Wang Hanyu , Zou Wenjing , Luo Hu , Quan Yihao , Yang Lang , Liu Xingchong , Li Haimin
Published: September 2023

In this work, sulfonate salt additive 6-bromo-2-naphthyl triflate (BNT) is introduced into perovskites to inhibit ion migration and improve phase stability, achieving a champion efficiency of 21.95% and improving long-term stability.
Advancements in computational approaches for rapid metal site discovery in carbon-based materials for electrocatalysis
Authors: Faraji Somayeh , Wang Zhiyu , Lopez-Rivera Paola , Liu Mingjie
Published: September 2023

Computational approaches including quantum simulations, virtual high-throughput screening and machine learning accelerate the advance electrocatalysts discovery with proper accuracy and efficiency.
Predictors of Functional Communication Outcomes in Children With Idiopathic Motor Speech Disorders
Authors: Namasivayam Aravind K. , Shin Hyunji , Nisenbaum Rosane , Pukonen Margit , van Lieshout Pascal
Published: September 2023

Purpose:

The purpose of the study was to investigate child- and intervention-level factors that predict improvements in functional communication outcomes in children with motor-based speech sound disorders.

Method:

Eighty-five preschool-age children with childhood apraxia of speech (
n
= 37) and speech motor delay (
n
= 48) participated. Multivariable logistic regression models estimated odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association between minimal clinically important difference in the Focus on the Outcomes of Communication Under Six scores and multiple child-level (e.g., age, sex, speech intelligibility, Kaufman Speech Praxis Test diagnostic rating scale) and intervention-level predictors (dose frequency and home practice duration).

Results:

Overall, 65% of participants demonstrated minimal clinically important difference changes in the functional communication outcomes. Kaufman Speech Praxis Test rating scale was significantly associated with higher odds of noticeable change in functional communication outcomes in children. There is some evidence that delivering the intervention for 2 times per week for 10 weeks provides benefit.

Conclusion:

A rating scale based on task complexity has the potential for serving as a screening tool to triage children for intervention from waitlist and/or determining service delivery for this population.
The Korean Speech Recognition Sentences: A Large Corpus for Evaluating Semantic Context and Language Experience in Speech Perception
Authors: Song Jieun , Kim Byungjun , Kim Minjeong , Iverson Paul
Published: September 2023

Purpose:

The aim of this study was to develop and validate a large Korean sentence set with varying degrees of semantic predictability that can be used for testing speech recognition and lexical processing.

Method:

Sentences differing in the degree of final-word predictability (predictable, neutral, and anomalous) were created with words selected to be suitable for both native and nonnative speakers of Korean. Semantic predictability was evaluated through a series of cloze tests in which native (
n
= 56) and nonnative (
n
= 19) speakers of Korean participated. This study also used a computer language model to evaluate final-word predictabilities; this is a novel approach that the current study adopted to reduce human effort in validating a large number of sentences, which produced results comparable to those of the cloze tests. In a speech recognition task, the sentences were presented to native (
n
= 23) and nonnative (
n
= 21) speakers of Korean in speech-shaped noise at two levels of noise.

Results:

The results of the speech-in-noise experiment demonstrated that the intelligibility of the sentences was similar to that of related English corpora. That is, intelligibility was significantly different depending on the semantic condition, and the sentences had the right degree of difficulty for assessing intelligibility differences depending on noise levels and language experience.

Conclusions:

This corpus (1,021 sentences in total) adds to the target languages available in speech research and will allow researchers to investigate a range of issues in speech perception in Korean.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24045582
Evidence-Based Guidance for Alphabet Knowledge Across Service Delivery Models
Authors: Pfeiffer Danika L. , Pavelko Stacey L.
Published: September 2023

Purpose:

The purposes of this alphabet knowledge (AK) tutorial are to provide (a) a description of its developmental sequence, (b) evidence-based assessment considerations, (c) evidence-based intervention guidance, and (d) a discussion of three service delivery models that speech-language pathologists (SLPs) can use when providing intervention that supports AK skills.

Method:

The tutorial begins with a description of AK's developmental progression, followed by evidence-based assessment considerations, guidance for evidence-based intervention, and a discussion of three service delivery models. Finally, an example is provided of a preschool student with developmental language disorder (DLD) to demonstrate how an SLP could collaborate with a general education teacher to provide intervention addressing AK skills. The application of three different service delivery models is discussed: pull-out, collaborative-consultation, and classroom-based.

Conclusions:

SLPs should consider a variety of service delivery models, which may include both direct and indirect services, when planning intervention targeting emergent literacy skills for children with DLD. Although these models can be challenging to implement due to barriers such as time and resistance from other professionals, they have the potential to positively impact children's outcomes and educators' knowledge and skills. SLP training programs should incorporate interprofessional education experiences to provide student SLPs with the interprofessional knowledge and skills required to collaborate effectively with other educators in schools.
SCGformer: Smart contract vulnerability detection based on control flow graph and transformer
Authors: Gong KeXin , Song Xiangmei , Wang Na , Wang Chunyang , Zhu Huijuan
Published: September 2023

The security of smart contract has always been one of the significant problems in blockchain. As shown in previous studies, vulnerabilities in smart contracts can lead to unpredictable losses. With the rapid growth of the number of smart contracts, more and more data driven detection technologies based on machine learning have been proposed. However, some state‐of‐the‐art approaches mainly rely on the source code of smart contract. These methods are limited by the openness of the source code and the version of the programming language. To address this problem, we propose a novel vulnerability detection method based on transformer by constructing the control flow graph (CFG) of smart contracts operation codes (opcodes), which shields the difference of various versions of program language. Extensive experiments are conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method on the authors' own collected dataset. The experimental results show that the proposed method achieves 94.36% accuracy in vulnerability detection, which performs better than other state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Optimal placement of resistive superconducting fault current limiter by considering short‐circuit current and transient stability of power system
Authors: Hafidz Isa , Mahendra Rafin Aqsa Izza , Pujiantara Margo , Priyadi Ardyono , Purnomo Mauridhi Hery
Published: September 2023

High level of fault currents has become one of the most challenging issues, along with increased electrical energy consumption and power grid expansion. However, some of the previous work was limited to installing limiters on designs and installing them on small plans. Here, the optimal placement of a resistive‐type superconducting fault current limiter (RSFCL) to achieve good power system transient stability is proposed. The proposed method has several advantages. First, procedure fault analysis is applied to consider the magnitude of the short‐circuit currents and the line located close to the generator for the placement of the device. Compared with other methods, it can directly find the exact line to be installed RSFCL. Second, the stability assessment is validated using the time domain simulation by installing limiters with varying capacities in any location. Third, parameters were analysed to evaluate the proposed method's effectiveness, including angular speed, rotor angular velocity, and generator rotor angle in a multi‐machine system. The result reveals that the placement of the limiter on the line with the most significant short‐circuits value on the line closest to the generator increases the power system stability more than the placement in other locations.
Optimal placement and coordination of the protection devices simultaneous with optimal allocation of the DGs
Authors: Fatemi Seyed Salman , Samet Haidar
Published: September 2023

Optimal coordination of the protection devices (PDs) is performed here simultaneous with optimal allocation of them and the DGs. The PDs are a set of directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs) and voltage relays, each with its own fast switch (FS). In previous optimal DG placement studies the coordination of the PDs has been considered as a constraint. So, it was not possible to optimal coordination of the PDs simultaneously. In the present study, the coordination between the PDs is considered in calculating the value of the energy not supplied (ENS) that is a part of an overall cost function. The cost function considered here includes cost of purchase, installation, and maintenance of the DGs and the PDs, cost of the energy losses, cost of the ENS, cost of the purchased energy from the main grid and the DGs, and the penalty cost for emitting environmental pollutants. Here, output of the renewable DGs and the network loads during the year, in a 96‐h model, has been considered as variable. To solve the desired optimization problem, an algorithm based on evolutionary algorithms such as genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed. Finally, various cases have been simulated by considering a standard 33‐bus radial network.
A novel 4H‐SiC accumulation mode MOSFET with ultra‐low specific on‐resistance and improved reverse recovery capability
Authors: Kong Moufu , Duan Yuanmiao , Zhang Bingke , Yan Ronghe , Yi Bo , Yang Hongqiang
Published: September 2023

A novel 1440‐V 4H‐SiC accumulation mode MOSFET (ACCUFET) with ultra‐low specific on‐resistance and improved reverse recovery performance is proposed in this article. As for the proposed SiC ACCUFET, the channel region can be completely depleted by the P‐type heavily doped polysilicon gate to build an electron barrier and realize a normally‐off device. And a Schottky barrier diode (SBD) is integrated below the trench gates on both sides, which brings the feasibility of realizing reverse conduction function of the proposed ACCUFET. Also, the p‐shield regions under the Schottky contact metal provide a good electric field shielding effect for the gate oxide. Compared with the conventional SiC trench MOSFET, the numerical simulation results show that the specific on‐resistance (Ron,sp) of the proposed ACCUFET is reduced by more than 64%. The high‐frequency figures‐of‐merit HFOM [Ron,sp × Cgd] and HFOM [Ron,sp × Qgd] of the proposed device are improved by 53.19% and 58.74%, respectively. The reverse recovery time (trr), and reverse recovery charge (Qrr) are reduced by 23.28% and 82.73%, respectively. In addition, the results also indicate that the proposed device has a better latch‐up immunity compared with the conventional SiC trench MOSFET. The excellent device performance and the simple manufacturing process provide a good prospect for the application of the proposed device.
Quasi‐Z based adaptive sliding mode control for three‐phase photovoltaic grid‐connected system
Authors: Chen Yan , Meng Junli , Yan Yuanyuan , Zhong Lin
Published: September 2023

Considering the non‐linear characteristics of both the input and output of photovoltaic (PV) modules and quasi‐Z‐source inverters, as well as the unpredictable natural factors such as large disturbances caused by changes in illumination and temperature, an average state model for the PV quasi‐Z‐source inverter is established. This paper uses the output current of photovoltaic module, DC‐link capacitor voltage and its integral as state variables, then an adaptive reaching law with second‐order sliding mode characteristics is designed by combining with power reaching law and variable speed reaching law. By using the sliding mode controller based on the adaptive reaching law to control the stability of the DC‐link voltage of the quasi‐Z‐source inverter and the small capacitor voltage ripple, the photovoltaic system can operate stably at the maximum power point when the temperature and illumination conditions change abruptly, and the grid‐connected effect is improved. Through SIMULINK and RT‐LAB real‐time simulation, the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive sliding mode control strategy is verified when the environment changes, which effectively improves the dynamic response speed and grid‐connected effect of the system, and ensures the global robustness of the grid‐connected system.
Modelling and experimental testing of an optical synchronisation beacon designed for high‐loss satellite quantum communication
Authors: Zhang Peide , Lowndes David , Stefko Milan , Oi Daniel , Rarity John
Published: September 2023

Long‐distance free space quantum key distribution based on CubeSats can be used to establish global quantum secure communication networks, with potential commercial applications benefitting from the low cost of its design and launch. Detecting single‐photon level optical pulses sent from space requires highly accurate and robust timing systems to pick out signals from the noise. For such high‐loss applications, we envisage a low‐repetition (sub‐MHz) beacon laser emitting short (ns) high‐peak‐power pulses from which interpolated quantum signal arrival windows can be derived. We firstly study theoretically the effects of jitter on the efficiency of gating quantum signals including all important jitter sources, and then experimentally investigated it by changing the clock jitter, and the result shows that the greater jitter will reduce the gating rate of the signal. The experimental interpolation error is tested against loss under laboratory conditions giving results close to our model. We also found that the jitter introduced by the Doppler effect can be ignored with a repetition rate larger than 1 kHz. This model can be directly used for the performance analysis and optimisation of all quantum and non‐quantum systems using similar synchronisation schemes over terrestrial free space or fibre.
Incorporating photovoltaic inverter capability into stochastic optimal reactive power dispatch through an enhanced artificial gorilla troops optimizer
Authors: Ebeed Mohamed , Abdel‐Fatah Said , Kamel Salah , Nasrat Loai , Jurado Francisco , Harrison Ambe
Published: September 2023

This study addresses the challenging task of solving optimal reactive power dispatch (ORPD) while incorporating renewable energy resources (RERs), considering their stochastic and time‐varying nature. Specifically, the focus is on solving the stochastic optimal reactive power dispatch (SORPD) problem, taking into account uncertainties in load demand and generated power, as well as the reactive power generation capability of photovoltaic (PV) systems. To tackle this problem, an enhanced Artificial Gorilla Troops Optimizer (EGTO) is proposed, which utilizes multiple strategies. The objective is to minimize power loss and improve voltage profile and system stability under uncertain conditions. The algorithm is applied and tested on the IEEE 30‐bus system, both with and without the STATCOM functionality of the PV system. A comparison is conducted against other well‐known optimization algorithms. The results demonstrate the significant improvement achieved by incorporating the PV unit. The inclusion of the PV system leads to reduced expected power losses, voltage deviations, and improved voltage stability. Specifically, without and with the STATCOM functionality, the expected power loss decreases from 5.9218 MW at the base case to 1.1419 MW and 1.1197 MW, respectively. Similarly, the expected voltage deviation decreases from 1.9320 p.u. to 0.0909 p.u. and 0.0893 p.u., respectively, and the expected voltage stability decreases from 0.1336 p.u. to 0.07199 p.u. and 0.07142 p.u., respectively.
Probing the faint-end luminosity function of Lyman-alpha emitters at 3 <z< 7 behind 17 MUSE lensing clusters
Authors: Thai T. T. , Tuan-Anh P. , Pello R. , Goovaerts I. , Richard J. , Claeyssens A. , Mahler G. , Lagattuta D. , de la Vieuville G. , Salvador-Solé E. , Garel T. , Bauer F. E. , Jeanneau A. , Clément B. , Matthee J.
Published: September 2023

Context.This paper presents a study of the galaxy Lyman-alpha luminosity function (LF) using a large sample of 17 lensing clusters observed by the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) at the ESO Very Large Telescope (VLT). The magnification resulting from strong gravitational lensing by clusters of galaxies and MUSE spectroscopic capabilities allows for blind detections of LAEs without any photometric pre-selection, reaching the faint luminosity regime.

Aims.The present work aims to constrain the abundance of Lyman-alpha emitters (LAEs) and quantify their contribution to the total cosmic reionization budget.

Methods.We selected 600 lensed LAEs behind these clusters in the redshift range of 2.9 <z< 6.7, covering four orders of magnitude in magnification-corrected Ly-αluminosity (39.0 < log(L)[erg s−1] < 43.0). These data were collected behind lensing clusters, indicating an increased complexity in the computation of the LF to properly account for magnification and dilution effects. We applied a non-parametricVmaxmethod to compute the LF to carefully determine the survey volume where an individual source could have been detected. The method used in this work follows the recipes originally developed in previous works, with some improvements to better account for the effects of lensing when computing the effective volume.

Results.The total co-moving volume at 2.9 < z < 6.7 in the present survey is ∼50 103Mpc3. Our LF points in the bright end (log(L) [erg s−1] > 42) are consistent with those obtained from blank field observations. In the faint luminosity regime, the density of sources is well described by a steep slope,α ∼ −2 for the global redshift range. Up to log(L) [erg s−1] ∼ 41, the steepening of the faint end slope with redshift, suggested in earlier works, is observed, but the uncertainties are still large. A significant flattening is observed towards the faintest end, for the highest redshift bins, namely, log(L)[erg s−1] < 41.

Conclusions.When taken at face value, the steep slope at the faint-end causes the star formation rate density (SFRD) to dramatically increase with redshift, implying that LAEs could play a major role in the process of cosmic reionization. The flattening observed towards the faint end for the highest redshift bins still requires further investigation. This turnover is similar to the one observed for the UV LF atz ≥ 6 in lensing clusters, with the same conclusions regarding the reliability of current results. Improving the statistical significance of the sample in this low-luminosity high-redshift regime is a difficult endeavour that may lead to potentially valuable leads in understanding the process of reionization.
Promising sources for breeding golden currant (Ribes aureum Pursh)
Authors: Amanova Makhfurat , Abdullaeva Hilola
Published: September 2023

The fundamental objective of this study is to comprehensively investigate the morpho-biological attributes and valuable economic traits of hybrid samples of golden black currant. These hybrid samples are the result of crossbreeding Russian and American varieties. Beyond this, the research endeavors to establish foundational insights that can be employed as primary references in the development of novel cultivars. These cultivars are envisioned to be both fecund and endowed with larger-sized fruits, an abundance of essential vitamins and minerals, as well as adaptability to local environmental conditions. Furthermore, their suitability for extended transportation distances is an essential consideration. In essence, the study aspires to unravel the potential of these hybrid golden black currant varieties, exploring their morphological and biological characteristics, economic viability, and their potential contribution to the nutritional landscape. By assessing their adaptability, nutritional richness, and commercial prospects, we lay the groundwork for the advancement of new cultivars that hold promise not only for local agricultural systems but also for broader markets where they can meet the demands of health-conscious consumers and environmentally sustainable production practices.
Study of vegetable beans collection in climatic conditions and selection of promising sources for breeding
Authors: Amanova Makhfurat , Hasanov Abror
Published: September 2023

During the span of 2018 to 2021, a comprehensive investigation was conducted encompassing the morphobiological and economically significant attributes of 20 distinct samples of vegetable beans. These samples were meticulously gathered through collaborative expeditionary ventures spanning the landscapes of Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan. The interdisciplinary efforts of scientists hailing from the Scientific Research Institute of Plant Genetic Resources and the Rural Development Administration of the Republic of Korea (RDA) culminated in an in-depth analysis of these plant varieties. The outcome of this thorough exploration yielded noteworthy results, highlighting the identification and isolation of four early maturing and five high-yielding samples of vegetable beans. The amalgamation of expertise, fieldwork, and scientific scrutiny brought forth the delineation of these promising bean varieties with traits poised to contribute significantly to agricultural productivity and resilience across the studied regions. The collaborative nature of this endeavor underscores the significance of international cooperation in advancing agricultural innovation and enhancing the cultivation of vital crops.
Propagation methods of Acorus Calamus in Uzbekistan
Authors: Arabova Nodira , Akhmedov Khasan , Abdurasulov Shukhrat
Published: September 2023

This article is devoted to methods of reproduction of Acorus calamus L. in the conditions of Tashkent region. According to our three-year research and analysis of the literature, it was found that the pollen grains developed in Acorus calamus plants are sterile. It was noted that it does not produce seeds in Tashkent conditions. Therefore, the methods of vegetative reproduction of the plant have been thoroughly studied. Biological methods of growing Acorus calamus have been developed in running water ponds and propagation from rhizome joints in laboratory conditions. Based on the set of the most important indicators of biological properties, the scientific basis of the “Node” method was created, and promising agrotechnical methods were developed based on experiments. In the process of studying the reproduction of plant nodes, the growth of 1-10-noded cuttings was observed in different nutrient media. It was found that the cuttings of the plant were fully grown, and the rhizomes and leaves grew well. It was determined that it is appropriate to plant the plants in 7-10 joints in different reservoirs. Planted rhizome cuttings were found to grow intensively even at 13-18 Cº. For the first time, plants have been observed to grow faster in sheep manure-fed media than in cattle manure.
Spread, damage and control measures of powdery mildew disease of grain crops
Authors: Ruziev Shaxzod , Honkeldieva Muhabbat , Bukhorov Komil , Sayfiyeva Mekhriniso
Published: September 2023

This article presents the outcomes of comprehensive experiments carried out within the environments of Samarkand and Kashkadarya regions. These investigations were conducted at scientific experimental stations dedicated to grain and leguminous crops, as well as on farms cultivating corn. The primary focus of this research revolves around the study of the propagation and progression of powdery mildew diseases affecting both barley and wheat plants. Additionally, the article highlights the evaluation of chemical agents’ efficacy in combating these diseases. The research outcomes, culled from these trials, constitute a significant portion of the article’s content. These findings provide valuable insights into the nuanced dynamics of powdery mildew diseases in the context of the local regions. Furthermore, the assessment of chemical interventions and their effectiveness in mitigating these diseases is a crucial aspect of the research. By examining the data generated from these experiments, the article contributes to the understanding of disease dynamics and potential mitigation strategies within these specific agricultural settings. This research could potentially lead to improved disease management practices, which are pivotal in safeguarding crop yields and ensuring food security within the regions under scrutiny.
Biochemical composition of soybean foreign varieties and samples (under typical gray soil conditions of Uzbekistan)
Authors: Khudoyberdieva Nargiza , Rakhmankulov Murad
Published: September 2023

Soybean stands out as a highly prized agricultural crop due to its exceptional nutritional attributes. The proteins found in soybean possess a distinctive profile, featuring essential non-exchangeable amino acids that closely resemble those present in animal proteins. This composition renders soybean proteins a valuable and comprehensive source of vital nutrients. This article offers insights into the biochemical characteristics of imported soybean varieties and samples grown under typical gray soil conditions in Uzbekistan. Specifically, it examines various parameters to assess the quality and composition of these leguminous crops. The study presents data on crucial components such as protein and oil content, both of which constitute the primary constituents of these crops. Additionally, the research delves into the moisture content of the seeds, which contributes to understanding their overall quality. Furthermore, the article provides information about the origin of the soybean varieties under investigation, shedding light on their respective countries of origin. By analyzing these biochemical indicators and considering the seeds’ moisture content and source, the study contributes to a comprehensive evaluation of the suitability, adaptability, and potential economic value of these foreign soybean varieties within the specific agroecological context of typical gray soils in Uzbekistan.
Physiological indicators of water metabolism in plants of parental forms and F1hybrids ofG. Barbadense L. cotton type under different water supply conditions
Authors: Nabiev Saydigani , Sagdiev Mirkosim , Alimova Rano
Published: September 2023

This article presents the findings of an extensive research endeavor aimed at comprehending the physiological intricacies of water metabolism in novel strains of fine-fiber cotton belonging to the species Gossypium barbadense L. These strains include L-2006, L-167, L-5440, L5445, L-1, L-10, L-663, and L-450, alongside the standard variety Surkhan14 and its F1 hybrids. The study was conducted under various water regime conditions to unravel the responses of these cotton genotypes to different levels of water availability. Upon analysis, it was discerned that the physiological parameters of water metabolism exhibited dynamic changes across the studied genotypes of fine-staple cotton. Specifically, when confronted with simulated soil drought conditions, the water content and transpiration intensity of leaves demonstrated varying degrees of reduction. This response was contingent upon the individual characteristics of each genotype. Furthermore, a noteworthy trend emerged: the water-retaining capacity of leaves displayed an increase under water stress conditions. This observed rise in water-retaining capacity in the leaves can be considered a vital physiological mechanism. It’s a mechanism that contributes to the adaptation of fine-staple cotton to water stress. These findings offer valuable insights into the strategies employed by fine-fiber cotton genotypes to cope with water scarcity. By shedding light on the interplay between physiological responses and water availability, this research provides a foundation for informed decision-making in cotton breeding, agricultural management practices, and the cultivation of drought-resistant cotton varieties.
Evaluation through 2D Modelling of Scour around Piers with Collars in the CÁCeres Bridge in Piura, Peru
Authors: Luliquis Shamir , Vinces Samuel , Mogrovejo Rubén
Published: September 2023

This paper analyzes the results of the scour calculations around the group of piers of a bridge through two-dimensional modelling using the Iber software. The case under study is that of the Andrés Avelin o Cáceres Bridge, located in the Piura region, Peru, which has an approximate free span of 120 meters and has 10 pillars equally distributed on two decks. Currently, the referred bridge has pillars of rectangular section with narrowing towards the base, this type of geometry was considered as the first scenario for scour calculations; the pillars with the collars installed are part of the second scenario under study. Based on geotechnical, hydrological and hydraulic studies of the area, two-dimensional numerical modeling has been developed for each scenario in order to obtain the depths of scour. The following results were obtained: The installation of collars in the second scenario achieved a reduction of the scour depth by 29.51% on average, the observed reduction range was from 15.73% to 43.77%.
Existence of Global Attractor for a 3D Brinkman-Forchheimer Equfation in Some Poincaré Unbounded Domains
Authors: SONG Xueli , XU Shuang , QIAO Baoming
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we study the existence of global attractor of a class of three-dimensional Brinkman-Forchheimer equation in some unbounded domains which satisfies Poincaré inequality. We use the tail estimation method to establish the asymptotic compactness of the solution operator and then prove the existence of the global attractor in [see formula in PDF].
Improved Design of Architecture of the Battlefield Situation Comprehensive Display System
Authors: LIU Yu , ZHANG Lili , LI Gangqiang
Published: September 2023

The traditional chimney software architecture design, which is based on the application object, scale and equipment, is difficult to meet the urgent need of multi-resolution, multi-viewpoint, two-dimensional and three-dimensional consistent battlefield situation comprehensive display. Referring to the idea of U.S. Army's general operational diagram, the architecture of the current battlefield situation integrated display system is upgraded and improved. Aiming at the problems of information splitting and real-time undifferentiated access of multi-domain heterogeneous data, technical means such as spatial analysis and multi-source data integration are put forward, and the problems of fast loading and visualization of 3D models of the large battlefield space are solved by designing force clustering and motion trajectory smoothing algorithms. This method improves the service ability and the level of the battlefield situation comprehensive display system, and has a broad arrange of application.
Multi-Parameter and Multi-Objective Optimization of Occupant Restraint System in Frontal Collision
Authors: XIANG Zhongke , XIANG Feifei
Published: September 2023

To solve the constraints of multi-objective optimization of the driver system and high nonlinear problems, according to the relevant dimensions of a car, we build a simulation model with Hybrid III 50th dummy driver constraint system. The comparison of the driver mechanics index of the experimental data with the simulation data in the frontal crash shows that the accuracy of simulation model meets the requirements. The optimal Latin test design is adopted, and the global sensitivity analysis of the design parameters is carried out based on the Kriging model. The four most sensitive parameters are selected, and the parameters are solved by a multi-island genetic algorithm. And then the nonlinear programming quadratic line (NLPQL) algorithm is used to search for accurate optimization. The optimal parameters of the occupant restraint system are determined: the limiting force value of force limiter 2 985.603 N, belt extension 12.684%, airbag point explosion time 27.585 ms, and airbag vent diameter 27.338 mm, with the weighted injury criterion (WIC) decreased by 12.97%, the head injury decreased by 22.60%, and the chest compression decreased by 7.29%. The results show that the system integration of passive safety devices such as seat belts and airbags can effectively protect the driver.
Controllable Synthesis of Carboxymethyl Cellulose and Its Application in Tobacco Sheets
Authors: YAN Qunshan , WEI Pei , PENG Rui , TIAN Shilin , LI Dan , TONG Yuxing , NI Jiazhi , LIU Liangcai , XIONG Bin
Published: September 2023

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) with different degree of substitution (DS) was prepared by controlling feed ratio and times of alkalization and etherification. CMC with different molecular weight was prepared by degradation of hydrochloric acid solution. Orthogonal experiments were designed to study the effects of addition amount, molecular weight and DS of CMC on the tensile strength of tobacco sheets. The effects of CMC on the thermal properties and aerosol release of tobacco sheets were also studied. The results showed that the addition amount and the molecular weight of CMC had obvious effect on the tensile strength of tobacco sheets. The DS of CMC had no significant effect on the tensile strength of tobacco sheets. The addition of CMC improved the thermal stability of tobacco sheets to a certain extent, and had certain influence on the content of nicotine in aerosol.
S1 Guideline: Impairment of gonadal function After Cancer in
Childhood and Adolescence
Authors: Borgmann-Staudt Anja , Jantke Andreas , Hinz Stefan , Beckmann Matthias , Dittrich Ralf , Lotz Laura , Balcerek Magdalena
Published: September 2023

A possible negative consequence of cancer treatment is the fertility impairment
of young cancer survivors. However, most former patients express the wish to
have biological children. Fertility-preserving measures are available and are
– under certain circumstances – financed by health insurance.
Separate information at the time of diagnosis and during follow-up care should
be adapted to the individual risk and enable those affected to make a
self-determined decision about cryopreservation of germ cells or germ cell
tissue. Hyopgonadotropic hypogonadism can be treated by the pulsatile
administration of gonadotropins. Affected individuals can be reassured. A health
restriction of the offspring due to the cancer treatment is not to be expected,
even after artificial insemination.
Trageerschöpfung? – „Zeige mir deine Muskeln
– und ich sage dir wie du reitest.“
Authors: Tratsis Imke
Published: September 2023

Diese sehr provokante (und sicher nicht immer der Wahrheit entsprechende) Aussage
soll Therapeuten wachrütteln, sich immer ein eigenes und
unabhängiges Bild vom Patienten zu machen. Die Anamnese ist wichtig,
aber leitet uns auch manchmal fehl. In diesem Artikel wird darauf eingegangen,
wie wir durch die Beurteilung der Muskulatur auf Trainingsdefizite
schließen können und diese im besten Falle auch durch gezielte
Trainingstipps oder -pläne verbessern können. Ein besonderes
Augenmerk liegt auf der Trageerschöpfung. Die folgenden Seiten sollen
dem Therapeuten einfache Erklärungen und Übungen an die Hand
geben, um dem Besitzer das Leid seines Pferdes zu verdeutlichen. Im Endeffekt
geht es wie so oft in unserem Beruf um das Tierwohl.
Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use Among Older Patients with
Diabetes in a Chinese Community
Authors: Zhao Xingxing , Li Lei , Guo Xiujun , Wang Jianqiang , Yan Yingying , Le Yunyi
Published: September 2023

Background Potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) are frequently
prescribed to older people with diabetes. This study aimed to assess the
prevalence of PIM use in older people with diabetes and identify potential risk
factors influencing the development of PIM use.

Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted in an outpatient
setting in Beijing, China, using Chinese criteria. The prevalence of PIM use,
polypharmacy, and comorbidities in older adults with diabetes in an outpatient
setting was measured. Logistic models were employed to investigate the
association among polypharmacy, comorbidities, and PIM use.

Results The prevalence of PIM use and polypharmacy was 50.1% and
70.8%, respectively. The most common comorbidities were hypertension
(68.0%), hyperlipemia (56.6%), and stroke (36.3%), and
the top three inappropriately used medications were insulin (22.0%),
clopidogrel (11.9%), and eszopiclone (9.81%). Age (OR 1.025;
95% CI 1.009, 1.042), the number of diagnoses (OR 1.172; 95% CI
1.114, 1.232), coronary heart disease (OR 1.557; 95% CI 1.207, 2.009),
and polypharmacy (OR 1.697; 95% CI 1.252, 2.301) were associated with
PIM use.

Conclusions Given the higher rate of PIM use among older adults with
diabetes, strategies and interventions targeting this population are needed to
minimize PIM use.