bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling the Dependency between Extreme Prices of Selected Agricultural Products on the Derivatives Market Using the Linkage Function
Authors: Gródek-Szostak Zofia , Malik Gabriela , Kajrunajtys Danuta , Szeląg-Sikora Anna , Sikora Jakub , Kuboń Maciej , Niemiec Marcin , Kapusta-Duch Joanna
Published: August 2019

The purpose of the article is to identify and estimate the dependency model for the extreme prices of agricultural products listed on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange. The article presents the results of the first stage of research covering the time interval 1975–2010. The selected products are: Corn, soybean and wheat. The analysis of the dependency between extreme price values on the selected futures was based on the estimation of five models of two-dimensional extreme value copulas, namely, the Galambos copula, the Gumbel copula, the Husler–Reiss copula, the Tawn asymmetric copula and the t-EV copula. The next stage of the analysis was to test whether the structure of the dependency described with the estimated copulas is a sufficient approximation of reality, and whether it is suitable for modeling empirical data. The quality of matching the estimated copulas to empirical data of return rates of agricultural products was assessed. For this purpose, the Kendall coefficient was calculated, and the methodology of the empirical combining function was used. The conducted research allowed for the determination of the conduct for this kind of phenomena as it is crucial in the process of investing in derivatives markets. The analyzed phenomena are highly dependent on e.g., financial crises, war, or market speculation but also on drought, fires, rainfall, or even crop oversupply. The conducted analysis is of key importance in terms of balancing agricultural production on a global scale. It should be emphasized that conducting market analysis of agricultural products at the Chicago Mercantile Exchange in the context of competition with the agricultural market of the European Union is of significant importance.
Factors Influencing Energy Consumption in the Context of Sustainable Development
Authors: Zaharia Alina , Diaconeasa Maria Claudia , Brad Laura , Lădaru Georgiana-Raluca , Ioanăș Corina
Published: August 2019

Based on the global need to reduce the primary and final energy consumption, as part of the climate change mitigation strategy, the present study aims at determining the influence of different economic, social and environmental factors on the two types of consumption while emphasizing the importance of this topic for the research area. The novelty of the study resides in the factors considered in the panel analysis as well as in the combination of the analysis methods: the panel data analysis and the bibliometric analysis. The main results show that factors such as greenhouse gas emissions, gross domestic product, population and labour growth have a positive relationship with both primary and final energy consumption, which means an increase of energy consumption. Meanwhile, factors such as feminine population increase, healthcare expenditures or energy taxes have a negative relationship, which determine a reduction of energy consumption. The results should be of interest to the authorities in designing new energy reduction policies for contributing to sustainable development goals, as well as to the researchers.
Suffering at Work: A Challenge for Corporate Sustainability in the Spanish Context
Authors: Gismera Eduardo , Fernández José Luis , Labrador Jesús , Gismera Laura
Published: August 2019

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) that world leaders committed to fulfilling by the year 2030 include the protection of labor rights and the promotion of a safe and decent workplace under acceptable health and well-being conditions. The private sector has a critical role in achieving these goals. There are many very good practices in modern organizations to prevent and avoid pain and suffering among workers, but there is another challenge that has guided this research: What happens when the suffering has already occurred? The objective of this research is to explore how the private sector organizations in Spain deal with their workers’ suffering. This study used discourse analysis, extracted from eight in-depth interviews with human resources managers, as well as a discussion group of twelve leaders from various national and multinational companies. It has been found that there is a clear awareness of the existence of suffering in their organizations, but there is also a general reluctance to confront it and address it.
The Use of Dolostone in Historical Buildings of Coimbra (Central Portugal)
Authors: Catarino Lidia , Figueiredo Roque , Figueiredo Fernando Pedro , Andrade Pedro , Duarte João
Published: August 2019

In this paper, the importance of the dolostone (a carbonate sedimentary rock where the dominant carbonate mineral is dolomite) in monuments and urban buildings of the city of Coimbra, Portugal, is highlighted. Old quarries are not visible in the nucleus of the city, due to the sequential occupation by houses, and can only be identified by documentation (draws, contract letters and purchase orders). However, on the southern side of Mondego River (Santa Clara) some outcrops can be observed and were exploited until the mid-20th. It is presented a list of the old quarries and monuments made with this rock. The characterization of dolostones from the Coimbra Formation is also presented. It is made the connection between the local geology and the “identity” of Coimbra, putting in evidence the stone as a symbol that characterize the gilded aspect of the buildings. For restoration and rehabilitation works, a small number of blocks could be extracted from the Carvalhais quarry if were eventually necessary.
Sustainable Waste Logistics and the Development of Trade in Recyclable Raw Materials in Poland and Hungary
Authors: Mesjasz-Lech Agata , Michelberger Pál
Published: August 2019

This article aims to propose a methodological framework to determine the degree of the dynamic impact of the effect of activities in the field of sustainable waste logistics on the development of trade in recyclable raw materials in the chosen countries of the European Union, especially in Poland and Hungary. In order to determine the dynamic interdependence between the indicated phenomena, econometric tools associated with the vector autoregression model were used, namely: Granger causality tests, impulse response function and variance decomposition of forecast errors. The tools used will not only identify the direction of the causal interdependence between the effects of sustainable logistics activities and the development of trade in recyclable raw materials, but also allow to determine the strength of the interaction between these variables. The conducted research shows that changes in the environmental effects of waste logistics activities are the Granger cause of changes occurring in the trade of renewable raw materials, especially in Hungary. Considering adequately delayed values of the synthetic development measure of the environmental effects of waste logistics increases the accuracy of predictions for changes in the trade of recyclable raw materials.
Strength Development Characteristics of SBR-Modified Cementitious Mixtures for 3-Demensional Concrete Printing
Authors: Kim Kwan Kyu , Yeon Jaeheum , Lee Hee Jun , Yeon Kyu-Seok
Published: August 2019

The properties of normal cementitious mixtures currently employed to the construction projects cannot be used to the three-dimensional concrete printing technology. This study experimentally investigated the compressive and flexural strength development of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR)-modified cementitious mixtures for use as basic three-dimensional concrete printing (3DCP) materials. The SBR/cement ratio was a variable of the mix proportion used to produce cast and printed specimens. Experiments were conducted using these specimens to determine the compressive and flexural strength levels of the SBR-modified cementitious mixtures. The results indicated that the compressive strengths of the SBR-modified cementitious mixtures proposed in this study were never less than those of existing 3D concrete printing materials previously introduced for 3DCP applications. It was confirmed that the addition of SBR latex effectively improved the strength of the cementitious mixtures because the relative compressive and flexural strengths increased with increases in the SBR/cement ratio. Moreover, the higher early (i.e., 1-day) strength indicates that the SBR-modified cementitious mixtures would be advantageous to the 3DCP process. However, the compressive and flexural strengths of the printed specimens were weaker than those of the cast specimens.
Livelihood and Environmental Impacts of Payments for Forest Environmental Services: A Case Study in Vietnam
Authors: Dang Do Teo , NaRanong Anchana
Published: August 2019

Payments for ecosystem services (PES) is widely employed in various settings; however, whether, and in what contexts, PES programs achieve their objectives by improving local livelihoods and conservation goals is still being debated. This paper aims to evaluate the impacts of payments for forest environmental services (PFES) policies on livelihoods and the environment using propensity score matching of data on 725 systematic randomly selected households in the buffer zones of seven protected areas (PAs) of Quang Nam and Thua Thien Hue provinces in Central Vietnam and data from the General Statistics Office and Landsat. The findings indicate that the PFES policy has some positive effects on economic and environmental issues for different groups. In terms of financial capital, the study found that poor households with PFES have slightly higher income than what they would have had they not participated in PFES. The difference in total income between poor households with and without PFES, however, was statistically insignificant, while the income of non-poor households with PFES was significantly higher than those without PFES. In addition, PFES households are likely to have more consumption expenditure for their daily living and better access to loans from various microfinance sources compared to those without PFES. The PFES policy has provided slight changes in the forest and forest cover and reduced natural forest loss between the pre-PFES and PFES periods. The findings of this study contribute to designing future PFES policies that can better distribute benefits to all household groups as well as harmonize social and natural capital.
Sustainable Integration of a Solar Heating System into a Single-Family House in the Climate of Central Europe—A Case Study
Authors: Bać Anna , Nemś Magdalena , Nemś Artur , Kasperski Jacek
Published: August 2019

When designing a year-round home heating system that uses only solar radiation energy, the cooperation of an architect and an HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) designer is necessary. These systems occupy a large area in relation to a building’s floor surface, especially when they are located in a climate like Central Europe or colder. The aim of the article was to create a balanced integration process by implementing the subsequent steps that are necessary to integrate a solar heating system within a building. In the first stage, a solar collector and a heat accumulator were selected. The innovation of the system involves the use of a solar concentrating collector as an air heater. Assessment criteria were then proposed in order to show the influence of the location of the solar heating system on the building’s architecture, functionality, and energy balance, while at the same time assuming its passive standard. System integrations concerning both an existing and new building were analyzed. The system’s basic components were selected for the three chosen solutions, taking into account the possibility of using heat losses resulting from the location of the installation.
The Unbounded Fuzzy Order Convergence in Fuzzy Riesz Spaces
Authors: Iqbal Mobashir , Malik M. G. Abbas , Bashir Yasir , Bashir Zia
Published: August 2019

The fuzzy order convergence in fuzzy Riesz spaces is defined only for fuzzy order bounded nets. The aim of this paper is to define and study unbounded fuzzy order convergence and some of its applications. Furthermore, some theoretical concepts like the fuzzy weak order unit and fuzzy ideals are studied in relation to unbounded fuzzy order convergence.
Ranking of Heritage Building Conversion Alternatives by Applying BIM and MCDM: A Case of Sapieha Palace in Vilnius
Authors: Pavlovskis Miroslavas , Migilinskas Darius , Antucheviciene Jurgita , Kutut Vladislavas
Published: August 2019

A balance (symmetry) between socio-cultural and socio-economic benefits as a part of the economic, social, and cultural development policy of each city and country should be assured when converting built heritage. To anticipate building conversion priorities and opportunities, modern technologies can be employed. However, currently the activity of reconstruction of heritage buildings is part of the construction domain wherein modern digital technologies have been the least ever applied. Therefore, photogrammetry and the 3D modeling of existing heritage buildings was suggested. A case study of Sapieha Palace, built in the Baroque style in 1689–1691 in Vilnius, Lithuania was explored in this research. The applied technologies and software (Agisoft Photoscan, Autodesk ReCap and Autodesk Revit) allowed for the creation of a high quality and accurate model involving both the textured exterior of the building and the interior layout. In addition, the valuable features of a building were identified and marked in a three-dimensional digital model. Based on the model, the authors formulated possible conversion alternatives of the building and identified the associated decision-making criteria, as well as determined their relative significance by an expert survey method. The authors suggested the application of the multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) method under uncertainty, namely the rough weighted aggregated sum product assessment (WASPAS), for ranking alternatives according to multiple criteria. Therefore, the suggested integration of modern digital technologies and decision-making models helps to assure the rational conversion decision of built cultural heritage based on high accuracy data as well as contributing to the sustainable development of engineering processes.
Investigation of the Inhibition Potential of New Oxindole Derivatives and Assessment of Their Usefulness for Targeted Therapy
Authors: Czeleń Przemysław
Published: August 2019

Oxindole derivatives are a large group of compounds that can play the role of Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) competitive inhibitors. The possibility of modification of such compounds by addition of active groups to both cyclic systems of oxindole allows the obtaining of derivatives showing significant affinity toward cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) proteins. Overexpression of that enzyme is observed in the case of most cancers. The discovery of new efficient inhibitors, which could be used in the development of targeted therapies, is one of the current goals setting trends in recent research. In this research, an oxindole molecular core was used, which was modified by the addition of different substituents to both side chains. The realized procedure allowed the creation of a set of oxindole derivatives characterized by binding affinity values and molecular descriptors evaluated during docking procedures and QSAR calculations. The most promising structures characterized by best sets of parameters were used during the molecular dynamics stage. The analysis of structural and energetic properties of systems obtained during this stage of computation gives an indication of inhibitors creating the most stable complexes, characterized by the highest affinity. During this stage, two structures were selected, where affinity towards potential nanocarriers was evaluated. Realized calculations confirmed a significant role of stacking interactions in the stabilization of ligand complexes with fullerene molecules. Obtained data indicates that complexes of oxindole derivatives and considered nanocarriers exhibit significant potential in the creation of immobilized drugs, and can be used in the development of targeted therapies.
Genetic Markers Associated with Field PRRSV-Induced Abortion Rates
Authors: Pena Ramona N. , Fernández Carlos , Blasco-Felip María , Fraile Lorenzo J. , Estany Joan
Published: August 2019

In gilts and sows, the more severe clinical manifestation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) occurs in late gestation and can result in up to a 40% abortion incidence. Despite the known genetic component in resilience to PRRSV, there is scarce information regarding the abortive outcome of this disease. We tested the relationship between eight molecular markers (six from published studies and two identified in the present study in the HDAC6 gene) and the probability of abortion during a PRRSV outbreak, using data from two commercial Landrace x Large White sow farms with an incidence of abortion of 35% and 17%. From the markers tested, USP18_-1533G>A did not segregate in these populations, and CD163_c.3534C>T and HDAC6_g.2360C>T did not affect the abortion rate. In contrast, the minor allele of two markers in SSC4 (WUR1000125 in GBP1 and rs340943904 in GBP5), which lower viremia in growing pigs, and the major alleles of CD163_rs1107556229 and HDAC6_rs325981825 were associated with a lower probability of abortion during PRRSV outbreaks. The more striking result was for the MX1 gene, where the odds ratio of aborting versus not aborting was nine times lower in the sows homozygous for a 275-bp insertion than in the other genotypes. Interactions between markers were not relevant. All together, we bring here the first evidence that mutations in the host genome can predispose or protect from complete reproductive failure in sows infected with PRRSV.
Molecular Evolution of Classic Human Astrovirus, as Revealed by the Analysis of the Capsid Protein Gene
Authors: Zhou Nan , Zhou Lu , Wang Bei
Published: August 2019

Classic human astroviruses (HAstV) are major global viral agents for gastroenteritis, but the molecular characteristics of classic HAstVs are not well understood. Here, we presented the molecular evolution of all classic HAstV serotypes by the analysis of the capsid protein sequences. Our results show that classic HAstVs can be divided into four groups with the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) of 749. The overall evolutionary rate of classic HAstVs on the capsid gene was 4.509 × 10−4 substitutions/site/year, and most of the serotypes present a clock-like evolution with an amino acid accumulation of mutations over time. The mean effective population size of classic HAstVs is in a downward trend, and some positive and more than 500 negative selection sites were determined. Taken together, these results reveal that classic HAstVs evolve at the intra-serotype level with high genetic heterogeneity and are driven by strong purifying selection. Long-term surveillance of classic HAstVs are needed to enrich the genomic data for further analysis.
Under Pressure—Users’ Perception of Range Stress in the Context of Charging and Traditional Refueling
Authors: Philipsen Ralf , Brell Teresa , Biermann Hannah , Ziefle Martina
Published: August 2019

Although electric drives can locally reduce the environmental impact of traffic, the penetration rates of battery electric vehicles (BEV) are far below expectations, not least because the charging infrastructure network is still considered insufficient by potential users. Therefore, the planning of charging infrastructure that considers both needs and user requirements is essential to remove an important barrier to widespread adaptation of e-vehicles, but it is also a challenge. A better understanding of the charging behavior and the underlying usage motivation is therefore needed. A frequently mentioned factor is the so-called range stress. While there are many studies on this subject with new BEV users, there is a lack of approaches that also include experienced e-vehicle users and at the same time allow a comparison with drivers of cars with internal combustion engines (ICE). In this paper, this is realized with the help of a questionnaire study ( n = 204 ). The results show that ICE and BEV users at different experience levels hardly differ regarding the perceived range stress; BEV users even perceive less stress. BEV users also showed more trust in the vehicle and in the tank/battery indicators, while this trust depends only marginally on the type of information provided by the car. Furthermore, there is a correlation between users’ technology commitment and risk-taking, on the one hand, and range stress, on the other. However, for the prediction of range stress, gender, experience with e-cars, and the question of whether cars are privately owned, or car-sharing is used, are more relevant.
Estudio de pertenencia de los Proyectos Integradores de Saberes.
Authors: Villamar Gavilanes Ana María
Published: August 2019

Resumen

 

El presente artículo surgió de la necesidad de plantear soluciones acordes a los problemas detectados por la investigadora en su ejercicio docente en el Instituto Superior Tecnológico Guayaquil (ISTG). El objetivo del mismo consistió en estudiar la pertinencia en la implementación de los proyectos integradores de saberes como estrategia metodológica de aprendizaje colaborativo e integracional. El alcance de la investigación fue descriptivo y se aplicaron dos encuestas diseñadas en función de los lineamientos institucionales indicados en el “Guía para el desarrollo de los Proyectos Integradores de Saberes”. Esas encuestas fueron aplicadas a 13 docentes y 101 estudiantes de la Carrera de Marketing del ISTG. Los resultados mostraron una tendencia hacia la pertinencia de los proyectos, pero estableciendo debilidades en el proceso de implementación. Se propusieron una serie de pautas para la mejora continua a través del trabajo colaborativo de las funciones sumativas de la academia: formación, investigación y vinculación, desarrollando procesos más estructurados a través de la gestión de procesos.
Cultura emprendedora y empresarial en la Economía Popular y Solidaria del cantón Machala
Authors: León Lady
Published: August 2019

El sistema económico del Ecuador presentó cambios en sus procesos de comercialización incorporando formas de cooperación y redes de formación para emprendimientos en diversos sectores económicos, se fortalecieron grupos asociativos con prácticas justas y solidarias. Por tal motivo, el objetivo de la investigación consistió en identificar la cultura emprendedora y empresarial en el sector asociativo de la Economía Popular y Solidaria, para cumplir con el objetivo fue necesario capacitar sobre actitudes emprendedoras de liderazgo, las relaciones de solidaridad, cooperación y reciprocidad de las asociaciones del cantón Machala, Provincia de El Oro. La metodología fue investigación no experimental, tipo longitudinal, alcance correlacional, se aplicó el instrumento de investigación correspondiente a una ficha tipo encuesta aplicada antes y después de la inducción dirigida a representantes del sector asociativo, los ítems fueron distribuidos en orden aleatorio y se midieron de manera ordinal con una escala de Likert de cuatro niveles. Los principales resultados demostraron tres ítems de mayor incidencia, el acceso a las líneas de crédito, el seguimiento-control de los negocios y las condiciones del sistema financiero para desarrollo de los emprendimientos, las conclusiones generales destacaron que el sistema de Economía Popular y Solidaria permitió a los emprendedores ser parte del proceso transformador de la productividad del cantón, crecer a nivel de productividad como valores y principios de solidaridad con sus redes, logrando una mejor motivación, cultura emprendedora y empresarial del sector que pertenecen.
Diseño de accesorios de vestuario mediante la utilización de remanentes de aluminio, por medio de valores sostenibles
Authors: Morocho Pilco Lisbeth Liliana
Published: August 2019

En estos tiempos el mundo que compone la moda en el territorio ecuatoriano es integral y la producción es multitudinaria. Cuando se fabrican diferentes prendas de vestir como complementos de vestuario se deja a un lado el desarrollo que satisface las necesidades de la población presente, sin comprometer la capacidad de las generaciones futuras para satisfacer sus propias necesidades., producto de esto se forma una sociedad que consume bienes, aunque no sean necesarios, con producciones sin identidad, y como fruto de esto, la contaminación ambiental. Lo que se busca investigar son procedimientos y elementos residuales que sean factibles para la elaboración de accesorios de vestuario, tomando en consideración la teoría de las 3 erres; reducir, reciclar y reutilizar, con el propósito de utilizarlo en la creación de colecciones de accesorios, todos producidos bajo parámetros sostenibles.

Debido a esto, es importante resaltar que con esta investigación se desea crear materia prima a través de residuos de hojalata desechados por el ser humano, para elaborar diseños innovadores y ofrecer así productos responsables y sustentables a los consumidores.

Este proyecto se considera único ya que se conjuga elementos ecológicos y sociales, dando como resultado un mensaje de conciencia a través de cada accesorio diseñado, donde la sostenibilidad se hace presente para seguir innovando al mundo de la moda conforme a la necesidad de nuestro entorno y no sólo del individuo consumista.
Pengaruh Polimer dan Peningkat Penetrasi Terhadap Karakter Penetrasi Matriks Sediaan Patch Transdermal Karvedilol
Authors: Ramadhani Untia Kartika Sari , Djajadisastra Joshita , Iskandarsyah Iskandarsyah
Published: August 2019

Carvedilol is β-blocker antihypertensive drug with low oral bioavaibility and short half time which causes the frequency of oral drug used more often or the oral dose might be increased. Transdermal patch with the matrix system can deliver drug through skin in controlled within specifi c time period and hopefully it can improve carvedilol bioavaibility and convenience for patients.The aim of research was to fi nd out the effect of polymer and penetration enhancer toward penetration characteristic of carvedilol transdermal patch matrix seen from kinetics release data and penetration data of carvedilol. The polymer ratio of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) : Ethyl cellulose (ES) polymers and Sorbitan Monolaurate (SM) as penetration enhancer concentrations used were F1 (1:1) / 8%, F2 (1: 1) /10%, F3 (2:1) /8%, F4 (2:1)/10%. Formula F1 did not pass in the organoleptictes so next test only carried out for formula F2, F3 and F4. The in vitro release of carvedilol showed formula F2, F3 and F4 lasted for 24 hours and the released kinetics of carvedilol followed the order of 0 and Higuchi. Carvedilol % cumulative from penetration test in vitro showed for F2, F3 and F4 formulas respectively were 15,384%, 16,495% and 18,287%.
Analgesic Effectivty Of Nanoparticles Chitosan-Ethanol Leaf Extract Papaya (Carica Papaya L.) In White Male Mice (Mus Mucculus)
Authors: Gredi Juliferd , Taurina Wintari , Andrie Mohamad
Published: August 2019

Papaya leaves has been shown to have efficacy as an analgesic. Analgesic effect caused by the flavonoids in leaves of papaya. To enhance the analgesic effi cacy papaya into dosage formulatio of nanoparticles. The purpose of this research was to create and characterized nanoparticles from ethanol extract of papaya leaves then tested for effectiveness as an analgesic. This study used polymer chitosan and NaTPP to created nanoparticles through ionic gelation method and analgesic activity tested using writhing test method and statistical tested. Optimal formula of nanoparticles were produced at concentration of 0.2% chitosan, Na-TPP extract 0.1% and 4% with a ratio of 6: 1: 1. The nanoparticles was formed a size of 255.4 nm with polidispers index of 0.7, the zeta potential of + 11,1mV, the adsorption effi ciency by 87% and rounded morphology (spherical). Analgesic effectiveness tested by comparison between the groups ethanol extract of papaya and the groups nanoparticles of chitosan-ethanol extract papaya statistically using the T-test Independent. The results of this research indicate that there are statistically signifi cant differences (p <0.05). This results shows that the preparation nanoparticles of chitosan-ethanol extract papaya is more effective as an analgesic than the ethanol extract of papaya leaves.
Profile Of Antiretroviral Side Effects On Hiv In Rspi Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso Jakarta
Authors: Anwar Yelfi , Nugroho Sucahyo Adi , Wulandari Sri Dwi
Published: August 2019

Symptoms of Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syindrome (AIDS) is a militia or disease caused by me infection of Human Immunodeficiency immune deficiency due to Antiretroviral. Due to Virus (HIV). The therapy used is a drug that the use of Antretroviral is the appearance of unwanted reactions or side effects will appear. The objectives of the study were to analyze the side effects of antiretroviral therapy in HIV / AIDS patients in RSPI Sulianti Saroso, North Jakarta, January-June 2016 period. The sample was 95 patients. The research was done by retrospective method, data analysis desknptif data presented in tabular form and presented with pie chart. The result of the research is the combination of TDF + 3TC + Efavirenz Tenofovir-Lamivudin-Efavirenz) as much as 73,68% (0 person). There were 94.73% (90 people had mild adverse reactions and 5.27% (5 people) severe side effects.
Antidepressant Activity of Some Fractions of The Basil Leaves [Ocimum Basilicum (L)] on The Swiss Webster Male Mice
Authors: Suhendy Hendy , Priatna Muharam , Sukmawan Yedy Purwandi
Published: August 2019

Objectives : Determine the antidepressant activity of some fractions of the leaves of Ocimum basilicum L

Methods : The experimental methods are using Force Swimming Test and Tail Suspension Test. The experiment was divided into seven groups. Negative control group (CMC 1 %), Positive control group (fluoxetine 0,052 mg/20 g BW of mice), test I group (fraction of n-hexane 50 mg/Kg BW), test II group (fraction of ethyl acetate 50 mg/Kg BW), test III group (fraction of ethanol 50 mg/Kg BW), test IV group (combination of cyproheptadine 0,0208 mg/20 g BW of mice and fluoxetine 0,052 mg/20 g BW of mice) and test V group (combination of cyproheptadine 0,0208 mg/20 g BW of mice and fraction of ethyl acetate 50 mg/Kg BW).

Result : The Force Swimming Test and Tail Suspension Test showed the same result that ethyl acetate fraction was given significant difference (p<0,05) in immobilization time reduction compared to negative control and has a better immobility reduction time than other groups. Added on cyproheptadine to fluoxetine and ethyl acetate fraction groups showed an increased in immobilization time compared to fluoxetine and ethyl acetate fraction alone.

Conclusion : Ethyl acetate fraction showed better antidepressant activity than another fraction through the role of serotonin.
PENGEMBANGAN POTENSI WISATA AGRO DI KAWASAN CONDET KELURAHAN BALEKAMBANG JAKARTA TIMUR
Authors: Nurul Azriati Nahri , K. Kausar Devi Roza
Published: August 2019

Jakarta as tourist destinations in Indonesia to implement various types of travel include cultural, historical and ecotourism. For examples of nature tourism in Jakarta is the issue of potential development of the Ciliwung River as a nature-based tourist destination. One segment which is a conservation area in the Watershed is Fruit of Condet, East Jakarta. Lahan Buah Condet is the only farm remaining pockets of the vast Condet set at DCI Jakarta Governor Decree No.DIV-1511/E/74. Potential tread such as endemic plants typical namely Salak and Duku Condet. Their Jakarta Governor Decree No. 646 2016 to further accelerate the implementation of the settlement and development of Lahan Buah Condet as a tourist destination as well as agrotourism area in East Jakarta. Problems in development of agrotourism is limited plantations, easily flooded, access to the plantations in the housing area residents and utilization of spatial patterns that are less well maintained, it is feared to cause damage to plantations. This research used qualitative method. By combining variable of agrotourism, conservation, and considering the potential of the land, found a solution how the concept of agrotourism in the form attractions, accessibilities, amenities, ancillary and institutions in Lahan Buah Condet can be suitable with the concept of consideration factors for agro tourism development.
İBN İLALMIŞ’IN TÂRÎHU DUNEYSER’İNDE KIZILTEPE’NİN EĞİTİM-ÖĞRETİM MEKÂNLARI
Authors: AKÇAY Halil
Published: August 2019

Bu çalışmamızda Mardin Artukluları döneminde yaşamış olan
İbn İlalmış’ın (ö. 640/1242) Târîhu Duneyser olarak bilinen
Hilyetu’s-seriyyîn min havâssi’d-Duneyseriyyîn adlı eserinde günümüz
Mardin’in Kızıltepe ilçesinde dönemin eğitim-öğretim mekânları incelenmiştir.
Söz konusu eser, Kızıltepe’nin hicri 7 miladi 13. yüzyılında tarihi ve ilmî
faaliyetleri hakkında yazılmış olup günümüze ulaşan en eski ve müstakil eser olması
bakımından önemlidir. Eserin önemli bir özelliği de dönemin Kızıltepe’sinde yer
alan eğitim-öğretim kurumlarına ve şehrin ilmî ve kültürel durumuna ışık tutmasıdır.
Nitekim eserde, Kızıltepe ve çevresine uğrayan, yerleşen veya doğma büyüme
Kızıltepe’li olup burada muhtelif ilimlerde ders veren âlimleri görmek mümkün
olabildiği gibi ders verilen mekânlar hakkında malumat sahibi olmak da
mümkündür. Çalışmamıza eski ismiyle Duneyser olan Kızıltepe’nin tarihi hakkında
kısaca bilgi verilerek giriş yapılmıştır. İbn İlalmış’ın hayatı ve Târîhu
Duneyser adlı eseri hakkında bilgi verildikten sonra Târîhu
Duneyser’de geçen Kızıltepe’nin eğitim-öğretim kurumları ele alınmıştır. Bu
kurumlarda yapılan ilmi etkinlikler, ders veren hocalar, yetişen talebeler gibi
eğitim-öğretime yönelik faaliyetler incelenmiştir.
FONOLOJÎYÊ KIRMANCKÎ DE PIRSGIRÊKA VENGÊ “/ğ/”
Authors: KIRKAN Ahmet
Published: August 2019

Kürtçe birkaç alfabeyle yazılmaktadır. Kullanılan her alfabede bazı
seslerin gösterimi göz ardı edilmektedir. Frekans değeri az olan bazı sesler
alfabede gösterilmez. Bu seslerden birisi de /ğ/ sesidir. Bu ses Kirmancca
(Zazaca) konuşulan bütün bölgelerde aynı şekilde seslendirilmez. Bu makalede Kirmancca
yazımında var olan /ğ/ sorunu analiz edilmiştir. Kürtçe üzerine çalışan üç
dilbilimci bu ses üzerine bazı istatistiki veriler tespit etmişlerdir. Makale
içerisinde bu üç analize ve ses grafîklerine yer verilmiştir. Kirmanckî
yazımında kullanılan alfabeler analiz edilmiş ve bu ses için bazı önerilere yer
verilmiştir.
Authors: Teixeira de Assunção Sandra , Da Costa Silva Josué
Published: August 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo compartilhar o mundo vivido dos seringueiros. Apreender o seu mundo vivido como um lugar de identidade e construto social para a sobrevivência, onde as experiências vividas no cotidiano deram base para o processo de resiliência. Era preciso ser aguerrido para lutar contra os obstáculos, a pobreza e o medo dentro da selva, e hoje, enfrentar os desafios de viver na cidade. No levantamento histórico sobre os seringueiros em Extrema/RO, lugar de desenvolvimento desta pesquisa, descobre-se, nos depoimentos, um verdadeiro sofrimento vivido pelos seringueiros. Foram abandonados à sorte diversos momentos e ciclos econômicos. Primeiro, quando houve o declínio na exportação da borracha da Amazônia, em virtude da produção no oriente médio e, depois, com os projetos de colonização, que visavam uma nova forma de pensar o espaço. De tal modo, a vida foi se estabelecendo nos seringais. Assim, utilizou-se o método fenomenológico como baluarte para compreender o modo de sentir, viver e agir do seringueiro no meio ambiente.
Authors: Frota Adonai Da Silva , Vazquez Felipe Ferraz
Published: August 2019

A pesquisa foi elaborada com o objetivo de verificar se existe relação entre o crescimento populacional de Porto Velho no período de 2000 a 2010 com o mercado de trabalho. Inicialmente verificou-se de maneira teórica a relação entre crescimento populacional e crescimento econômico, as características da migração que influenciam o crescimento populacional, abordando os movimentos da população brasileira pelos seus ciclos econômicos que motivaram a migração dos indivíduos para novas localidades afim de encontrar trabalho que remunerasse mais e tivesse uma melhor qualidade de vida. A pesquisa foi baseada nos dados dos Ipeadata, Datasus e Censos IBGE 2000 e 2010, que são realizados de forma decenal, quanto à natureza, a pesquisa classifica-se como qualitativa utilizando uma abordagem dedutiva. Procurou-se enfatizar as principais características de Porto Velho, descrevendo um breve histórico, a importância econômica, localização, qualidade de vida e a dinâmica populacional para demonstrar o perfil da capital que é objeto do estudo. Ressalta a análise do fluxo migratório das regiões brasileiras para Porto Velho, que estimulou o crescimento populacional, essa migração está fortemente atrelada a oferta de trabalho que a cidade oferece e melhores salários, que aumentou a mão-de-obra qualificada em Porto Velho, um dos fatores que contribuiu foi a implantação de duas hidrelétricas na região, que demandam uma mão-de-obra para a sua construção.
Fault In Our Stars By John Green
Authors: Anusi Agustia , Yusuf Feby Meuthia
Published: August 2019

The problem in this thesis is the irony of love story between two human beings who are in love, the irony occurs when the fate has separated their love story. The tragic story of Hazel and Augustus' love is inspired by the author's visit to chronic cancer patients at the hospital, about their hopes and love that would be impossible to achieve.
In this writing, library research is taken as the method of data collection. As for data analysis method, the writer performs systematic procedures by understanding the novels, the characters of Hazel and Augustus, as well as the structural theory. Data collection technique uses documentation technique in finding relevant data to the subject of analysis. In data analysis techniques, the writer uses structural technique by analyzing the novel based on the elements that shape them.
The results of research in this thesis are: 1) destiny seems to separate the love story of Hazel and Augustus, where Hazel is suffered from the chronic cancer while Augustus is in good shape, but Augustus is willing to love Hazel until the end of life, 2) destiny continues to play their love story, this time it is August that suffers from chronic illness and is on the verge of death, while Hazel's condition is getting better. This time, it is Hazel that loves Augustus until the end of his life, and faithfully accompanied him; 3) the irony has occurred in the love story of Hazel and Augustus where the unfair destiny has turned the deaths and hopes on both of them, the one who is almost dies has become better, on the contrary the one who is healthy has been picked by the death in the end. The love story and hope of being together have been ironically played by the fate.
racial discrimination of white and black As seen in benjamin zephaniah’s poems
Authors: Chalid Tegar Risadi , Yusuf Feby Meuthia
Published: August 2019

The problem in this thesis is the racial discrimination from white community against black community that was their former slave in the past, the author analyzes three poems by Zephaniah based on the issue of racial discrimination. Poem represents the poet’s feeling about the social phenomena that surrounds him, and these poems are also the form of protest against racial discrimination.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the treatment from white communities against black communities that consider that their race to be superior compared to their former slaves. The manifestation of racial discrimination can be seen from the attitude of prejudice, insulting words and remarks, and the acts of oppression on black community. In this writing, library research is taken as the method of data collection. As for the method of data analysis, the author performs systematic procedures by understanding of the poem, the theme of racial discrimination, and also the theory of psychology. Data collection technique uses qualitative techniques in finding the data in form of explanation on the phenomenon that occurs. In the technique of data analysis, the writer uses genetic structuralism techniques by analyzing the oppression of black society in Zephaniah’s poems through psychology theory.
The findings in this thesis are: 1) in the poem of The Race Industry, white society always oppresses black society so that they have to work hard but do not get the result that they deserves, 2) in poem We Refugee, white society always have prejudice against black people because of their skin color and not because of their actions, 3) in Dis Poetry, white community always says provocative words and remarks to offend black people.
Sociological Analysis of The Ideal Husband by Oscar Wilde
Authors: Helmita Helmita , Fadella Haicha
Published: August 2019

This research is a about the marriage crisis is reflected in Oscar Wilde's An Ideal Husband drama, what strategy is employed to maintain a marriage, and why did Oscar Wilde give concern in the marital crisis. The purpose of this study is (1) To describe the marital crisis illustrated reflected in the drama An Ideal Husband by Oscar Wilde (2) To explain the strategy in maintaining a marriage (3) and to reveal the reason why Oscar Wilde gave concern in the marital crisis.   The approach used is a sociology approach that the discusses an external aspects of a drama. The theory used in this research is the theory sociology of literature according to Alan Swingewood and Diana Laurenson which states that conflict in life, especially in every househould, is a reflection of the life everyone. This study employs the qualitative method. The object of the study is An Ideal Husband play written by Oscar Wilde. The data sources are divided into two, namely primary data source and secondary data source. The primary data source is the play script itself and the secondary data sources are script text and some references related to the research. The technique of the data collection is note-taking. The technique of the data analysis is descriptive analysis.The first, marital crisis is illustrated in Oscar Wilde’s An Ideal Husband play are when a woman marries with a man who have important position in their work, inability someone to accept reality from their spouse in past, no children in the family, jealousy, and wife’s opinion that her husband is ideal. The second, the strategies are employed to maintain a marriage are introspection, making agreement between husband and wife, and accepting reality. The third, Oscar Wilde gave concern in marital crisis because he wants to criticize the England society in that era especially in upper class society that hypocrite for many cases.
Figurative Languages in William Shakespeare’s Poem: a Fairy Song, a Madrigal, Bridal Song, Dirge, and Sonnet 116
Authors: Raflis Raflis , Zai Juni Rahmat
Published: August 2019

The problem in this thesis is figurative language in Shakespeare's poetry. The reason for choosing the figurative language in William Shakespeare's poetry is because all of his works contain many literary qualities, which are figurative and each of these poems has a beautiful story that is translated into a beautiful figurative form.The purpose of this study is to analyze types of figurative language, figurative language formulas, and figurative language functions in Shakespeare's poetry. In this writing, library research is taken as a data collection method. As for the data analysis method, the researcher describes literary work as a not-based structure that forms it as an internal factor of literature. Data collection techniques use documentation techniques to find data relevant to the research. In data analysis techniques, the author uses a formalist approach, all elements needed to understand the work contained in the work itself. The main purpose for formalist criticism is to determine how elements in Shakespeare's poetry work together with text content to form meaning to the reader.The findings in this thesis are: 1) figurative language in Shakespeare's poetry can be divided into simile, metaphor, hyperbole, personification, and repetition. Simile can be found in Madrigal poetry; Metaphorical figurative languages ​​can be found in four Shakespearean poems, A Fairy Song, Song Bridal, Dirge, and Sonnet 116; personification can be found in two poems Shakespeare, A Madrigal and Dirge; hyperbole can be seen A Fairy Song, Dirge, and Sonnet 116; and Repetition can be seen in three poems of Shakespeare, A Fairy Song, A Madrigal, and Dirge.
Photometric and Spectroscopic Follow-up of the Recently Activated Asteroid 6478 Gault
Authors: Lee 李見 Chien-Hsiu 修
Published: August 2019

6478 Gault, a main-belt asteroid, was detected of cometary activity recently and has been recognized as an active asteroid since 2018 December. We present imaging and spectroscopic observations of 6478 Gault, to probe its properties since activation and to shed light on the how Gault became an active asteroid. We obtain V-band imaging and optical spectra using the Alhambra Faint Object Spectrograph and Camera on board the 2.5 m Nordic Optical Telescope. Our V-band imaging shows a long tail spanning more than 3′, but there is no trace of possible fragmentation or debris in our imaging. A close look at the asteroid also shows a precursor of a second tail. Our spectrum shows that Gault is a C-type asteroid, indicating it belongs to the carbonaceous Tamara family in the Phocaea family region. In addition, we also investigate possible emission lines of CN and C2 that are commonly seen in comets. However, they are not detected in our optical spectrum. As CN and C2 are strong emission lines and can be used as alternate indicators of water, the nondetection of CN and C2 evinces no trace of water production from ice sublimation.
Direct Measurement of the Dissipation Rate Spectrum around Ion Kinetic Scales in Space Plasma Turbulence
Authors: He Jiansen , Duan Die , Wang Tieyan , Zhu Xingyu , Li Wenya , Verscharen Daniel , Wang Xin , Tu Chuanyi , Khotyaintsev Yuri , Le Guan , Burch Jim
Published: August 2019

The energy of turbulence in the universe, which cascades from large fluid scales to small kinetic scales, is believed to be dissipated through conversion to thermal or nonthermal kinetic energy. However, identifying the dissipation processes and measuring the dissipation rate in turbulence remain challenging. Based on unprecedented high-quality measurements of space plasma turbulence by the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission, we propose a novel approach to measure the scale-dependent spectrum of the energy conversion rate between the fluctuating electromagnetic energy and plasma kinetic energy. The energy conversion rate spectrum is found to show a positive bulge around the ion kinetic scale, which clearly indicates the dissipation of the turbulent energy. The energy dissipation rate around the ion scale is estimated to be 0.5 × 106 J kg−1 s−1. This work provides basic information on local dissipation in magnetosheath turbulence and sets up a new paradigm for studying the dissipation of universal plasma turbulence.