bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategi Kesantunan Berbahasa Mahasiswa UPS Tegal dalam Percakapan Whatsapp
Authors: Triana Leli , Mulyono Tri Mulyono
Published: October 2021

Strategi kesantunan berbahasa diperlukan dalam komunikasi verbal tulis  mahasiswa UPS Tegal terhadap dosen melalui media WhatApp. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan strategi kesantunan berbahasa mahasiswa UPS Tegal dalam berkomunikasi dengan dosen melalui media WhatsApp. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tuturan mahasiswa UPS Tegal kepada dosen ketika berkomunikasi melalui media WhatsApp. Metode penyediaan data dalam penelitian ini adalah metode simak  dengan teknik sadap sebagai teknik dasar, dilanjutkan dengan teknik simak  libat cakap dan teknik catat. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah metode padan padan pragmatis.Penyajian analisis data dengan metode informal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat empat strategi kesantunan yang digunakan yaitu  strategi terus terang, strategi tidak langsung, strategi kesantunan positif, dan strategi kesantunan negatif. (1) Strategi terus terang berupa tuturan yang  sangat singkat, tegas, dan terus terang dengan kalimat yang ringkas, tegas, langsung tertuju sasaran.  Tuturan dengan strategi ini merupakan tuturan yang kurang santun. (2) Strategi tidak langsung berupa tuturan deklaratif yang bermaksud memerintah (imperatif). (3)  Strategi kesantunan positif berupa memberikan simpati, melibatkan penutur dan lawan tutur dalam satu kegiatan, memberikan alasan, dan memberikan hadiah. (4) Strategi kesantunan negatif berupa tuturan berisi sikap pesimis, merendahkan diri,  meminta maaf, dan mengajukan pertanyaan.
Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Ditinjau dari Analisis Kesalahan Menggunakan Newman Procedure
Authors: Ponoharjo Ponoharjo , Wikan Wikan Budi Utami , Fikri Fikri Aulia
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan pemecahan masalah matematika berdasarkan prosedur newman. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, diperoleh kesimpulan sebagai berikut: letak kesalahan (1) membaca soal yaitu mengerti konteks kalimat soal tetapi tidak dapat menuliskan makna secara tepat. (2) memahami soal antara lain tidak menuliskan apa yang diketahui, menuliskan yang diketahui tidak sesuai dengan permintaan soal, tidak menuliskan apa yang ditanyakan dalam soal. (3) transformasi soal yaitu terdapat kekeliruan dalam menuliskan metode dan tidak menuliskan metode yang akan digunakan. (4) keterampilan proses yaitu kesalahan konsep dan tidak menuliskan proses perhitungan. (5) penulisan jawaban akhir yaitu tidak menuliskan jawaban akhir dan kesimpulan yang sesuai dengan konteks soal.
Pengembangan Instrumen Evaluasi Program Prakerin Kompetensi Keahlian TKJ di SMK
Authors: Azman Azmil , Giatman M. , Ambiyar  , Syahril
Published: October 2021

Evaluasi program pengembangan instrumen Prakerin adalah sebuah instrumen yang sudah dikembangkan kemudian digunakan mengevaluasi sebuah program Prakerin keahlian TKJ di SMK yang meliputi komponen masukkan antara lain: siswa, guru produktif, kurikulum, dan sarpras, komponen process antara lain: kesiapan peserta didik, kinerja guru pendamping, kinerja pendamping DUDI, output program Prakerin kemanfaatan bagi para siswa serta DUDI. Pendekatan penelitian ini menggunakan Research and Development Model menurut (Borg, W R and Gall, M D. (2003), Pada pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen kuesioner, interview, pengamatan, dan dokumentasi. Validitas instrumen dianalisis dengan korelasional bivariat antar skor indikator masing-masing dengan reliabilitas instrumen dan skor total dianalisis menggunakan alfa cronbach. Penelitian ini menunjukkan sebuah hasil antara lain: komponen input 98,9%, proccess 96,6%, dan product 96,7%, instrument yang dikembangkan sudah valid tergolong sangat baik. Koefisien reliability kuesioner siswa 0,963, guru produktif 0,981, guru pendamping 0,942, pendamping dunia usaha dan dunia industri 0,961.
Penggunaan Aplikasi Google Classroom sebagai Metode Pembelajaran Daring Selama Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Ghulamudin Mirza Ghulamudin , Maufur  , Beni Habibi
Published: October 2021

Covid-19 has now attacked Indonesia, where the spread of the disease is very fast. Not only in Indonesia, but all corners of the world are currently experiencing a health crisis. In the beginning, the spread of Covid-19 had an impact on economic activity which began to sluggish. This also has an impact on the education system in Indonesia. Until several countries decided to close schools and universities. In an effort to prevent the spread of covid-19, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends temporarily stopping activities that would potentially cause crowds. Even during the outbreak, covid-19 in Indonesia, there were many ways that the government did to prevent its spread through social distancing. Kemendikbud instructed through the Ministry of Education and Culture (Kemendikbud) Directorate of Higher Education Circular No. 1 of 2020 concerning the prevention of the spread of covid-19 in the world of Education to organize distance learning and advise students to learn from their homes. Teachers and students are starting to be required to follow the current situation by using technology as a distance learning medium. One of the media that is being favored by teachers as a learning medium is the Google Classroom application. This application is an application that can make it easier for students and teachers to create effective learning. Given that students today are a generation who are very familiar with the use of technology. The use of technology in learning is an alternative method used by teachers during the Covid-19 Pandemic.
Effektivitas Ibadah Dalam Pengembangan Kecerdasan Spiritual Santri, Di Pondok Pesantren Suryalaya Tasikmalaya
Authors: Basuki Basukiyatno , Fitriyanto
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sistem pendidikan yang dikembangkan di pondok Pesantren  Suryalaya Tasikmalaya. Pesantren adalah salah lembaga pendidikan tertua di Indonesia. Pesantren, menurut analisis Nurcholis Madjid (1985), adalah lembaga yang mewujudkan proses perkembangan pendidikan nasional secara wajar. Secara historis, pesantren  tidak hanya mengandung makna keislaman, melainkan juga  keaslian Indonesia, karena lembaga yang serupa sudah terdapat pada masa kekuasaan Hindu-Budha, sedangkan Islam meneruskan dan mengislamkannya. Sejalan dengan hakikat pendidikan pesantren yang tumbuh dan berkembang sepenuhnya berdasarkan motivasi agama, Pesantren Suryalaya dikembangkan untuk mengefektifkan usaha penyiaran agama dan pengamalan ajaran-ajarannya. Dalam pelaksanaannya, pendidikan pesantren melakukan proses pembinaan pengetahuan, sikap, dan kecakapan, yang menyangkut segi keagamaan. Tujuan intinya yaitu mengusahakan pembentukan manusia berbudi luhur (al-akhlaq al-karimah) dengan pengamalan-pengamalan keagamaan yang konsisten (istiqomah). Seorang santri (siswa) di pesantren menurut Marzuki Wahid (1999: 17) juga harus mengemban fungsi untuk mencari kebenaran mutlak (ultimate truth), sebagaimana kaum sufi mengembara untuk memperoleh ‘makanan’ bagi jiwanya yang tidak pernah puas. Karena itu, pesantren salafiyah tidak memberikan ijazah, output yang diharapkan adalah melahirkan orang-orang bertaqwa (manusia utuh). Ketaqwaan diyakini oleh warga pesantren sebagai puncak kecerdasan.
Filosofi, Konsep Hasil Penggunaan Teknik Modeling Dalam Bimbingan Kelompok Dan Field Trip Industry untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Berwirausaha
Authors: Syifa Naili Faizatis Syifa , Basukiyatno  , Maufur
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah filosofi, konsep dalam bimbingan kelompok teknik modeling dan field trip industry dapat meningkatkan motivasi berwirausaha sesuai dengan kurikulum 2013. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif.Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa teknik modelling dan field trip industry dapat meningkatkan motivasi berwirausaha peserta didik.Motivasi wirausaha pada dasarnya adalah dorongan, ketertarikan, serta ketersediaan untuk bekerja keras atau berkemauan keras untuk berusaha secara maksimal untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya tanpa merasa takut dengan resiko yang akan terjadi, serta berkemauan keras untuk belajar dari kegagalan, kecenderungan hati yang tinggi terhadap rasa lebih suka pada suatu hal atau aktifitas, tanpa ada yang menyuruh.
Upaya Meningkatkan Keaktifan dan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik pada Mata Pelajaran Matematika Melalui Model Pembelajaran StudentTteams Achievment Division (STAD) di Kelas XII IPA 3 MAN 1 Tegal Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020
Authors: Mochammad Tholchah Kais  , Tity Kusrina  , Yoga Prihatin
Published: October 2021

Penelitian  dengan  judul “Meningkatkan Keaktifan Belajar dan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Mata Pelajaran Matematika Melalui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Student Teams Achievment Division (STAD) pada Peserta Didik Kelas XII IPA 3 MAN 1 Tegal Semester Gasal Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020”, adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Yang diteliti pada penelitian ini adalah penerapan pembelajaran dengan model Student Teams Achievment Division (STAD), peningkatan hasil belajar siswa, dan bagaimana keaktifan belajar siswa selama mengikuti proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan observasi untuk mengetahui proses pembelajaran Student Teams Achievment Division (STAD) dan untuk mengetahui keaktifan belajar siswa, dan tes untuk mengetahui hasil belajar siswa. Dari hasil penelitian ini didapatkan  bahwa: (1)  Proses pembelajaran  dengan  menggunakan model Student Teams Achievment Division (STAD) adalah sebagai berikut: Tahap 1: Pembentukan kelompok, Tahap 2: Pengajaran, Tahap 3: Tim Studi, Tahap 4: Tes/Kuis, Tahap 5: Rekognisi; (2) Dengan menerapkan model Student Teams Achievment Division (STAD), hasil belajar siswa kelas XII IPA 3 MAN 1 Tegal  semester  Gasal  tahun pelajaran 2019/2020 mapel matematika mengalami peningkatan dari kondisi awal, siklus kesatu, dan siklus kedua. Peningkatan tersebut adalah sebagai berikut: Pada kondisi awal siswa yang belum tuntas ada 55%, siswa yang tuntas ada 45%. Pada siklus kesatu, siswa yang belum tuntas ada 29%, siswa yang tuntas ada 71%. Pada siklus kedua, siswa yang belum tuntas ada 14%, siswa yang tuntas ada 86%. Dengan demikian sampai pada siklus kedua, siswa yang hasil belajarnya tuntas mencapai lebih dari 85%; (3) Keaktifan siswa selama mengikuti proses pembelajaran dari siklus kesatu dan kedua meningkat, yakni sebagai berikut: Pada kondisi awal (a) siswa yang keaktifannya rendah 66%, keaktifannya sedang 18%, keaktifannya tinggi 16%. Pada siklus kesatu (a) siswa yang keaktifannya rendah 28,1%, keaktifannya sedang 41,2%, keaktifannya tinggi 30,7%. Pada siklus kedua (a) siswa yang keaktifannya rendah 8,8%, keaktifannya sedang 44,7%, keaktifannya tinggi 46,5%.
Peningkatan Minat dan Hasil Belajar Materi Memproduksi Teks Prosedur dengan Model Picture And Picture bagi Peserta Didik Kelas XI AKL 3 SMK Negeri 1 Slawi
Authors: Endah Setyorini
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study is to find out the increased interest and learning outcomes of producing the text of the procedure of students of class XI AKL 3 SMK Negeri 1 Slawi Semester Gasal School Year 2019/2020 after following the learning to produce the procedure text with picture and picture model. This study uses class action research design (PTK) with 2 (two) cycles. The subject of this study was the result of producing the text of the procedure of students of class XI AKL 3 SMK Negeri 1 Slawi which amounted to 34 students. The results showed the use of picture and picture models can increase interest and learning outcomes in producing the text of student procedures. Increased interest is seen in the initial (pre-cycle) conditions of many passive learners to the final condition in cycle II of many active learners. The improvement in the results of learning to produce the text of the procedure was seen in the percentage of students who got a complete score (meet kkm) from the initial condition of the procedure text production value of only 52.94% then in cycle I increased to 67.65% and at the end of the second cycle increased to 91.17%.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar IPS Materi Manusia, Tempat, dan Lingkungan Pada Siswa Kelas VII G SMP Negeri 1 Adiwerna Tahun Pelajaran 2019 / 2020
Authors: Witono M Rochman
Published: October 2021

Various problems that inform a teacher in the classroom are indicators that

the learning motivation of students who receive the subject matter. If learning motivation is low, it will lead to low student learning outcomes because motivation is a determination and effort as a result of the interaction of the learning given by the teacher. The research objective was to increase learning motivation and improve social studies learning outcomes. The steps in the research through cycle I and cycle II include planning, implementing actions, monitoring and reflecting. The results showed that the application of the Jigsaw cooperative learning model could increase the social studies learning motivation from 68.75% in the first cycle to 78.13% in the second cycle. The application of the Jigsaw cooperative learning model could improve learning outcomes in the classical social studies subject from 81.25% in the first cycle to 87.50% in the second cycle. Based on all the results of the research, "Application of the Jigsaw Type Cooperative Learning Model to Increase Motivation and Social Studies Learning Outcomes of Human, Place, and Environment Material in Class VIIG Students of SMP Negeri 1 Adiwerna Academic Year 2019/2020" can be accepted.
Metode Resitasi dan Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Materi Menulis Teks Editorial di Masa Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: Alawiyah Susi Alawiyah
Published: October 2021

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the application of the recitation learning method on student learning outcomes at SMK Negeri 5 Tangerang Regency. The research method used is a classroom action research method. The population in this study was grade 12 SMK Negeri Tangerang Regency and the sample in this study was grade 12 TKJ1. The results of this study indicate that the recitation learning method is proven to be able to improve student learning outcomes, the percentage of student classical learning completeness increases from each cycle, namely cycle I of 42.31%, cycle II 80.38%, student learning activities in the first cycle have increased, namely cycle I of 63.46%, the second cycle was 73.90% and the teacher's ability in the teaching and learning process in the classroom also increased where in the first cycle it was in the sufficient category in the second cycle it was categorized as good..
Survey Persepsi dan Mobilitas Pengguna Jasa Penyebrangan di Pelabuhan Gersik Putih - Kalianget di Masa Pandemi Covid 19 dan Pemberlakuan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB)
Authors: Isdiantoni Isdiantoni , Yuliastina Roos , Hidayat Imam , Isyanto Isyanto
Published: October 2021

Kabupaten Sumenep sebagai salah satu kabupaten di Wilayah Jawatimur masih berstatus zona Merah terkait penyebaran Covid 19. Dalam rangka menekan jumlah penyebaran Covid 19 pada beberapawilayah zona merah di Indonesia, pemerintah menerbitkan kebijakan No 21 Tahun 2020 tentang Pemberlakuan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB). Meski aturan ini telah ditetapkan, nyatanya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari msayarakat di kabupaten Sumenep tetap melakukan kegiatan keluar rumah seperti kegiatan mobilisasi antar pulau ke daratan menggunakan trasportasi umum. Mobilitas yang dimaksud dalam hal ini yaitu mobilitas masyarakat pengguna jasa penyeberangan Gersik putih-Kalianget, Sarana penyebrangan ini masih tetap melakukan aktifitas penyebrangan barang dan orang meskipun di masa pandemi , bahkan tetap melakukan aktivitas kegiatan penyebrangan tanpa menerapkan protokoler kesehatan 5M pagi penumpang kapal tersebut. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini tertarik untuk melakukan survei terhadap pengguna transportasi penyebrangan Gersik –putih Kalianget dalam mempersepsikan Covid 19 dan pemberlakuan PSBB. Setelah melakukan survei kegiatan pengabdian ini dilanjutkan dengan melakukan sosialisasi ringan terhadap narasumber yang ditemui dan membegikan masker secara gratis.
PROTECTION OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES RIGHTS: PRINCIPLES UNDER THE CONVENTION AND THE NATIONAL CASE-LAW
Authors: Hobor R. B.
Published: October 2021

In spite of all the short-comings, the level of people with disabilities rights and capabilities protection has become a good indicator of nation’s development, and such a trend is nothing but hopeful. At the same time, one can hardly imagine that this high attitude would be attainable without the influence of left liberal ideologies, that among omnibus achievements granted the shift from medical to social disabilities model.

This situation cannot stand but to resemble in a certain state of rights and capabilities exercise, and even the availability of access to the key resources is impossible to bring to the point of marginalization of the mental and physical health problems. As the analyzed material shows, left liberal ideologists, being responsible for shaping the current International Law on Persons with Disabilities, finally succeeded in promoting their principle ideas in the national case-law. The example of the national judgement concerning the right to water, can serve as the proper illustration of that relief flow, as the national judiciary can fix the development of the rights and capabilities of individuals from the same basis.

The article further develops the idea, that national courts sometimes tend to use realistic approach (as invented by R. Pound, J. Llewellyn, O.W. Holmes) for the sake of implementing the social model of disability. The conclusion, that legal realism is a transmitter for left liberal values in the modern western societies, arises from the presented study.
Evaluation of energy consumption and CO₂ emission in a standard traditional building located in tropical region, a case of Madagascar Island
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Polytechnic Higher School, University of Antsiranana, Antsiranana 201, Madagascar, Christophe Vanona Noelson Jean , Chrysostome Raminosoa ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Polytechnic Higher School, University of Antsiranana, Antsiranana 201, Madagascar, Nematchoua Modeste Kameni ,   1. Department of Civil Engineering, Polytechnic Higher School, University of Antsiranana, Antsiranana 201, Madagascar; 2. Laboratory of Energy and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroun
Published: October 2021

Energy demand varies depending on the location chosen for construction. The main objective of this research is to analyze the bioclimatic potential of different climatic zones in different regions of Madagascar. For this, this research assesses and compares the indoor air temperature, the energy requirement, the carbon emission and the relative humidity in a traditional building commonly found in cities in sub-Saharan Africa, which was designed to be placed in four cities unevenly distributed in four climatic zones of Madagascar. In order to achieve this goal, hourly meteorological data for the past thirty years has been analyzed for two seasons (dry season and rainy season). At the same time, the adaptive comfort model defined by ASHRAE 55 served as a reference for evaluating the different potentials of passive design. The results showed that by 2030 the need for energy is expected to increase globally in these different cities studied. Like other countries around the world, it is recommended that countries in Sub-Saharan Africa conduct more of this kind of energy. Study in order to establish a construction standard specific to this region of the world.
O anjo caído na terra prometida: Propriedade, regulação e conflitos na reurbanização periférica da São Paulo do século XXI
Authors: Bonilha Milano Giovanna , Moreira Petrella Guilherme , Marques Pulhez Magaly
Published: October 2021

Refletindo criticamente sobre a urbanização periférica contemporânea e sobre a propriedade privada como categoria estruturante dos processos de produção do espaço, o texto parte da atuação de uma empresa privada de mediação de conflitos fundiários para debater a trajetória da política pública de regularização fundiária no Brasil e o papel do Estado como instância reguladora diante daquilo que vem se realizando como política urbana neoliberal.
O setor bancário brasileiro: Centralização de capitais e alterações na composição orgânica do capital
Authors: Maciel Jéssica , Luiza Ferraz Deise , Biondini Bárbara , Franco David
Published: October 2021

Investigaram-se as alterações na composição orgânica do capital no setor bancário brasileiro, com foco nos processos de acumulação e centralização. Foram analisados relatórios econômico-financeiros de entidades reguladoras e de institutos de pesquisa. O exame demonstrou que o capital no setor rearticulou-se para diluir os limites à sua expansão, por meio, sobretudo, de alterações nos processos de trabalho, permitidas pela tecnologia.
Fertilización orgánica en el rendimiento de tres variedades de pasto, para la alimentación de vacunos
Authors: Chávez Burga Luigi Delfort , Frías Torres Hugo
Published: October 2021

Con el objetivo de evaluar el efecto de la fertilización orgánica (uso de gallinaza) sobre tres variedades de rye Grass (Ecotipo Cajamarquino, Bóxer y Tama) se evaluó las variables: Porcentaje de germinación, Prendimiento (P), Altura de planta (AP), Materia Verde (MV) y Materia Seca (MS). Se instalaron parcelas de 8 m2 por cada tratamiento en dos bloques, evaluados durante tres cortes. Se empleó el Diseño en Bloques Completamente al Azar DBCA. El resultado indica diferencias significativas entre tratamientos (p< 0,05) para AP, MV y MS, donde la mejor variedad con respecto a AP y FV fueron el Bóxer (37,3875 cm) y el Ecotipo cajamarquino (34.6375 cm). La mayor producción de FV mostró el Bóxer con 18,760 t/ha/año y un nivel de 16.2417 % MS, mientras que la variedad Ecotipo Cajamarquino obtuvo un rendimiento de FV 14,116 t/ha/año y un 17.0667 % MS, seguida de la variedad Tama con 11,275 t/ha/año de FV y un 15.4000 % MS. Se concluye que la variedad Bóxer es un pasto hibrido anual de muy buen rendimiento con respecto a MV, pero a su vez es un pasto de gran exigencia nutricional, mientras que el Ecotipo Cajamarquino es de carácter perenne y alta rusticidad y muy diseminado en el distrito de investigación.
Caracterización de suelos afectados por hidrocarburos en una zona agrícola del distrito Imaza, región Amazonas
Authors: Mego Meléndez José Luis
Published: October 2021

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar el contenido de Hidrocarburos Totales de Petróleo (HTP) y de los Compuestos Orgánicos Volátiles (COV) en suelos agrícolas afectados por derrame de hidrocarburos, las cuales en concentraciones altas pueden alterar los ecosistemas existentes y la salud humana. Ante esto se realizó un reconocimiento del área donde ocurrió el incidente, ubicado en la progresiva km 440 + 781 del Oleoducto Nor Peruano, perteneciente al caserío Villa Hermosa, la cual permitió tener una estimación inicial del área sobre el sitio donde ocurrieron los hechos y la superficie estimada, para decidir la delimitación y la toma de muestras de suelos, se realizaron en diferentes puntos (10 muestras por sector) y diferentes profundidades (0.30 m y 1.50 m) del perfil del suelo en el área de estudio. Las muestras se recolectaron de acuerdo a la guia para muestreo de suelos. Encontramos que los suelos estudiados presentan concentraciones de HTP y COV por debajo de los valores establecidos en los Estándares de Calidad Ambiental (ECA) para suelo.
Estudio del costo de oportunidad de potenciales contribuyentes en las microcuencas Atunmayo y Copallin
Authors: Vera Cienfuegos Isben Alexis , Vergara Medina Gino Alfredo
Published: October 2021

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue calcular el costo de oportunidad de potenciales contribuyentes en las microcuencas Atunmayo y Copallin, ubicadas en la provincia de Bagua, región Amazonas, Perú, en el año 2019. Se aplicaron 108 encuestas, en igual número en la microcuenca Atunmayo y Copallin. Las encuestas recogieron datos productivos de caficultura y ganadería. Se aplicó el método de Valoración Contingente con formato referéndum para calcular la disposición a aceptar de los posesionarios por la conservación de las microcuencas. Los datos se trabajaron con el modelo estadístico Probit, y posterior a ello, se calculó el valor económico de las tres actividades y el costo de oportunidad. Los resultados refieren que la actividad cafetalera tiene mayor valor económico que la conservación del recurso hídrico, y en tercer lugar se encuentra la ganadería. Se encontró que Existen dos actividades productivas que ponen en riesgo la conservación de las microcuencas, la caficultura que se desarrolla en la microcuenca de Atunmayo, y la ganadería en la microcuenca de Copallín. Se concluye que el costo de oportunidad señala que la actividad con mayores beneficios netos es la caficultura, seguido de la conservación del servicio hídrico, y en tercer lugar, la ganadería.
Cuidados de enfermagem ao paciente acometido por infarto agudo do miocárdio
Authors: Barros Ediléia de Jesus Sousa , Baptista Suelen Suzy Gomes , Souza Letícia Maria dos Anjos , Passos Alexsanderson de Souza , Souza Rozemir de Jesus , Vale Rafaela Larissa Tavares do , Lima Marcela Fernandes de , Araújo Laris Lucianny dos Santos de , Lisboa Tâmmilla Duarte Ribeiro
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: Relatar os cuidados de enfermagem na assistência ao paciente acometido pelo IAM antes e depois do pós-operatório. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa do tipo revisão integrativa da literatura, de natureza descritiva, e caráter exploratório, onde foram utilizados artigos científicos encontrados no SCIELO, BIREME, Acervo+ e CAPES. Resultados: Selecionou-se 15 artigos dos quais emergiram 3 categorias: Assistência de enfermagem ao paciente acometido por IAM; Revascularização do miocárdio como tratamento do IAM; Assistência de enfermagem no pós-operatório de RM. Essas categorias mostram a importância do profissional enfermeiro para a oferta de uma assistência de qualidade ao indivíduo acometido por IAM. Considerações finais: Sendo o enfermeiro um profissional que está presente nos cuidados do IAM desde os primeiros atendimentos até a recuperação, é muito importante que este profissional busque constantemente por conhecimento técnico-científico, para que possar identificar os sintomas do IAM e diferenciá-lo de outras doenças cardíacas, no pós-operatório é necessário que além de saber identificar precocemente complicações, o enfermeiro seja ágil para tomar decisões e realizar procedimentos sincronizados.
Provocative mesenteric angiography for localizing ambiguous gastrointestinal hemorrhage
Authors: Kohanteb Paul A. , Lipshutz H. Gabriel , Okonkwo Benedette , Oka Kimberly , Kasheri Eli , Cohen Jason , Barnajian Moshe , Nasseri Yosef
Published: October 2021

Objectives:

Five percent of patients with recurrent gastrointestinal (GI) hemorrhage have indeterminate origin by radiological and endoscopic examinations. To improve diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic embolization, the technique of provocative mesenteric angiography (PMA) has been developed. It involves the addition of pharmacologic agents to standard angiographic protocols to induce bleeding.

Material and Methods:

This is an institutional review board-approved, retrospective study of 20 patients who underwent PMA between 2014 and 2019. All patients had clinical evidence of GI hemorrhage without a definite source. PMA consisted of anticoagulation with 5000 units of heparin and selective transcatheter injection of up to 600 μg of nitroglycerine, followed by slow infusion of up to 24 mg of tissue plasminogen activator into the arterial distribution of the highest suspicion mesenteric artery.

Results:

Among the 20 patients who underwent PMA, 11/20 (55%) resulted in angiographically visible extravasation. Of these 11 patients, nine patients underwent successful embolization with coil or glue and were discharged upon achieving hemodynamic stability. Two patients spontaneously stopped bleeding. In our series, PMA resulted in the successful treatment of 9/20 (45%) patients with recurrent hemorrhage. No procedure-associated complications were reported with these 20 patients during the procedure and their course of hospitalization.

Conclusion:

In our experience, PMA is an effective and safe approach in localizing and treating the source of GI bleeding in about half of patients with an otherwise unidentifiable source.
Skenario Peningkatan Keandalan Sistem Pembangkit Tenaga Listrik Di Wilayah Bali Berdasarkan LOLP
Authors: Laksono Ridam Dwi , Yuniahastuti Irna Tri , Prakoso Asdi Putra Prigas
Published: October 2021

Skenario perhitungan keandalan pembangkit listrik ini bertujuan untuk menentukan keandalan sistem pembangkit tenaga listrik pada wilayah Bali dengan kehilangan beban sesuai standart dari PT. PLN dalam satu tahun dengan menggunakan metode perhitungan LOLP (Loss Of Load Probability). Analisa data dilakukan melalui pengambilan data primer dan sekunder dengan menggunakan perhitungan LOLP. Hasil analisa dan pembahasan diperoleh bahwa nilai keandalan dengan peritungan LOLP dari sistem 150kV di wilayah Bali yaitu sebesar 6.184 hari/tahun. Skenario yang telah dilakukan dengan penambahan 1 pembangkit sebesar 380 MW yaitu PLTU Celukan Bawang sebesar 380MW dapat memperkecil nilai LOLP hingga menjadi 1.78 hari/tahun. Nilai LOLP tersebut telah hampir memenuhi standar nasional PT PLN yaitu 1 hari/tahun.
Event-based approach to multimode control of multi-AUV systems in a surveillance mission
Authors: Бычков И.В. , Давыдов А.В. , Нагул Н.В. , Ульянов С.А.
Published: October 2021

Предложен подход к построению двухуровневой системы управления группировкой автономных подводных роботов (АПР) при обследовании придонной области. Для реализации элементарных поведений (режимов функционирования) группы на нижнем уровне предложены алгоритм отслеживания траектории, основанный на концепции виртуальной цели, и децентрализованный алгоритм управления формациями, базирующий на схеме лидер—ведомый. Синтез регуляторов, обеспечивающих требуемое поведение системы в различных режимах, выполнен с использованием векторных функций Ляпунова с учетом дискретности по времени и погрешностей измерений, неопределенности параметров модели АПР, а также ограничений на ресурсы управления. Для построения верхнего уровня управления, ответственного за переключение между режимами, используется теория супервизорного управления дискретно-событийными системами. Приведены результаты численных расчетов, демонстрирующих работоспособность предложенного подхода.

The aim of the work is to develop a new approach, which includes a combination of original methods and algorithms, to build a multilevel control system for a group of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV), which ensures non-stop performance of a complex mission to survey the near-bottom region.

We propose a methodology, in which, considering the mission and the specific features of the underwater environment, a complex behavior of the group is divided into a set of elementary behaviors (operation modes), for which the following problems should be solved: path-following problem, formation control problem and the problem of cooperative avoidance of obstacles. Switching between modes occurs according to events that occur as a result of changing the model of the external environment and the current state of the group, and are implemented by the subsystem (DES). Lowlevel controllers tracking the required elementary behaviors of the group are designed with the help of the vector Lyapunov function technique which accounts sampled-data implementation of the exploited control schemes, measurement errors, uncertainties of AUV model’s parameters, and constraints on control actions. To construct a distributed DES-based upper-level controller we employ the theory of supervised control of DES.

Some results of numerical computations and simulations for a group of identical large-sized AUVs are presented to demonstrate the operability of the proposed approach. Event-based cooperative control systems designed by the approach provide the level of intellectuality and sustainability of the group required to perform complex non-stop missions in real underwater conditions.
Numerical solution of integral equations for the three-dimensional scalar diffraction problems
Authors: Смагин С.И. , Каширин А.А.
Published: October 2021

Рассматриваются задачи дифракции (трансмиссии) стационарных акустических волн на трехмерных однородных включениях. Методами теории потенциала для них получены два слабо сингулярных граничных интегральных уравнения Фредгольма первого рода с одной неизвестной функцией, каждое из которых эквивалентно исходной задаче. Интегральные уравнения аппроксимируются системами линейных алгебраических уравнений, которые затем решаются численно итерационным методом обобщенных минимальных невязок GMRES. При дискретизации этих уравнений используется специальный метод осреднения интегральных операторов со слабыми особенностями в ядрах, позволяющий получать системы с легко вычисляемыми коэффициентами. Метод допускает эффективное распараллеливание и позволяет проводить расчеты в широком диапазоне волновых чисел. Приводятся результаты вычислительных экспериментов, позволяющие судить о возможностях предлагаемого подхода.

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to develop efficient algorithms for numerical solution of the diffraction (transmission) problem of stationary acoustic waves on threedimensional homogeneous inclusions.

Methods. By using the combinations of simple and double layer potentials, two Fredholm boundary integral equations of the first kind with one unknown function are obtained for these potentials, each of which is equivalent to the original problem. When sampling these equations, a special method of averaging integral operators with weak singularities in the kernels is applied.

Outcomes. The obtained integral equations are approximated by systems of linear algebraic equations with easily-calculated coefficients, which are then solved numerically by means of the generalized method of minimal residuals (GMRES). A series of computing experiments for numerical solution of particular stationary three-dimensional diffraction problems of acoustic waves has been conducted.

Conclusions. Computing experiments have shown that the proposed numerical method possesses high accuracy in finding approximate solutions of these problems. It allows both effective parallelization and ability to perform calculations in a wide range of wave numbers and can be used to solve other problems of mathematical physics, formulated in the form of boundary integral equations.
On monotonicity and accuracy of CABARET scheme for calculation of weak solutions with shocks
Authors: Ковыркина О.А. , Остапенко В.В.
Published: October 2021

Изучены монотонность и точность модифицированной схемы КАБАРЕ, аппроксимирующей квазилинейную гиперболическую систему законов сохранения. Получены условия, при которых эта схема сохраняет монотонность разностного решения относительно инвариантов линейного приближения аппроксимируемой системы. В качестве конкретного примера рассмотрена аппроксимация системы законов сохранения теории мелкой воды. На примере этой системы показано, что подобно TVD-схемам повышенного порядка аппроксимации на гладких решениях схема КАБАРЕ, несмотря на высокую точность при локализации ударных волн, снижает свой порядок сходимости в областях их влияния.

We studied the monotonicity and the accuracy of the modified CABARET scheme approximating the quasilinear hyperbolic system of conservation laws. We obtained conditions under which this scheme preserves the monotonicity of the finite-difference solution with respect to invariants of the linear approximation of the considering system. As a specific example, we considered the approximation for the system of conservation laws for shallow water theory.
To determine the accuracy of the scheme in the regions influenced by shocks that propagate with variable velocity and behind the fronts of which a non-constant solution is formed, series of test calculations on the sequence of contracting grids were carried out. These calculations enabled us to apply the Runge rule to define the order of convergence of the finite-difference solution. To estimate the accuracy of the modified CABARET scheme, the orders of its integral and local convergence are calculated, as well as local disbalances in calculating of the absolute value of averaged basis functions
vector and local disbalances in calculating of the absolute value of the components of the averaged vector of invariants. The order of the integral convergence makes it possible to estimate the accuracy of finite-difference schemes in translation of the RankineHugoniot conditions across a non-stationary shock wave front. In this case, the order of integral convergence is calculated for the finite-difference solution itself (rather than for its absolute value, as in the L1 norm) on spatial intervals crossing the shock wave.

It is shown that, like TVD-schemes of high order approximation on smooth solutions, the CABARET scheme being formally of the second order, in spite of high accuracy in the localization of shocks, reduces the order of integral convergence to the first order on the integration intervals, one of the boundaries of which is in the region influenced by a shock. The main reason of this decrease in accuracy is that the flux correction used in the CABARET scheme to its monotonization leads to the decrease in the smoothness of the finite-difference fluxes, which in turn leads to the decrease in the order for approximation of Rankine-Hugoniot conditions on the shocks. As a result, the local accuracy of the CABARET scheme in the regions of shocks influence also decreases to about the first order.
Geographic information database for the analysis of spatial distribution of the Baikal endemic amphipods in Yenisei river
Authors: Андрианова А.В. , Якубайлик О.Э.
Published: October 2021

Рассматривается состояние эндемичных байкальских амфипод в р. Енисей, приводятся результаты экспедиционных исследований. Отмечается факт многоразового увеличения количества амфипод в Енисее после зарегулирования плотиной Красноярской ГЭС. Данные гидробиологического мониторинга оформлены в виде геопространственной базы данных на геопортале, который предоставляет возможности визуализации результатов исследований в виде интерактивных тематических карт, прямого доступа к данным через картографические веб-сервисы из
современных ГИС.

The purpose. The purpose of the work is the theoretical and practical studies
of the possibilities for using the geoinformation web-system modern technologies for
improving the efficiency of hydrobiological monitoring, and design of software tools of
data presentation and analysis for field research.
Methods. The technologies for development of distributed information systems
in multi-tier architecture, along with software interfaces and protocols, information
exchange standards are considered. The possibilities for using of geoinformation and
cartographic modelling methods for searching the relationship between the spatial
distributions of Baikal amphipods in the Yenisei river with different environmental
factors are investigated.
Results. The technologies and related software are developed for the considered
problem. The geospatial database is generated and filled with the results of own longterm
hydrobiological field studies, it has become an integral part of the geoportal of
ICM SB RAS, which was formed by the separate thematic section. The focus is on the
results of extensive field studies of the Yenisei implemented in 2015 and 2016. As to
database content, the information about the quantitative distribution of zoobenthos
(animals inhabiting the ponds bottom), in particular endemic Baikal amphipods, in
the area from Yenisei river headwaters to its delta was used. It was revealed that
the amphipods — the endemics of the Baikal lake — spread far beyond its limits not
only downward, but also upstream the Yenisei river. After the commissioning of the
Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric power station, their share in the total zoobenthos biomass
is increased by 10 times. Gmelinoides fasciatus crustacean is especially active; it has
massively populated the area of the Upper Yenisei river below the Sayano-Shushensky
reservoir. The density and the fraction of crustaceans in the zoobenthos in the area of
the Angara — Podkamennaya Tunguska has increased over the last 15 years.
Conclusions. Creation of a geospatial database alongside with the results of expeditionary
research and the introduction of a GIS web-system for information-analytical
support of hydrobiological monitoring significantly expands opportunities for the analysis
and presentation of geodata, forms the basis for interdisciplinary research.
Extreme nonhydrostatic tidal dynamics
Authors: Вольцингер Наум Евсеевич , Андросов Алексей Анатольевич
Published: October 2021

Моделирование длинноволновых океанологических процессов традиционно выполняется в гидростатическом (Гс) приближении, обеспечивающем высокую точность расчета гидрофизических полей, когда вертикальным ускорением движения можно пренебречь. На горном рельефе это не так, и учет динамической компоненты давления становится необходимым. Негидростатическое (Нг) моделирование крупномасштабных океанологических явлений реализуется решением 3D краевой гидродинамической задачи. Структуру метода составляют этапы решения Гс-задачи, краевой задачи для уравнения Пуассона (Нг) и коррекции полей гидрофизических характеристик. Значимость Нг-фактора выявляется при рассмотрении безразмерного вида уравнений, когда безразмерные параметры характеризуют горный рельеф области. Случай резких изменений рельефа, требующий решения Нг-задачи, - пролив Ломбок. Приводятся оценки Нг-фактора в водообмене между океанами, результаты сравнения спектров вертикальной скорости в Гс- и Нг-постановках.

Modelling of long-wave oceanological processes is traditionally performed in a hydrostatic (Hs) approximation, which ensures high accuracy of the calculation of hydrophysical fields, when the vertical acceleration of vertical motion can be neglected. In mountainous terrain, this is not the case, and consideration of the dynamic pressure component becomes necessary. Non-hydrostatic (Nh) modelling of large-scale oceanological phenomena is implemented by solving hydrodynamic boundary value problem in an arbitrary 3D domain. The structure of the method consists of the stages of solving the Hs problem, the boundary value problem for the Poisson equation (Nh), and the correction of the fields of hydrophysical characteristics. That is the pressure is presented as a sum of its hydrostatic and dynamical components. Significance of Nh is revealed when considering the dimensionless type of equations, when dimensionless parameters characterize the mountain relief of the region. The Lombok Strait having a complex morphometric structure is an important link in the water exchange between the Pacific and Indian Oceans, it has been chosen as the object for modelling. Estimates of the role of Nh in water exchange between the oceans are given using the comparison of the solution for problems in Hs and Nh sets. It indicates the need to take into account Nh in conditions of pronounced sea mountain relief.
Analysis of storm surge generated by typhoon Lionrock on the coast of Primorski Krai in August - September 2016 using the numerical modelling
Authors: Клеванный Константин Алексеевич , Соколов Олег Владимирович , Романский Станислав Олегович
Published: October 2021

С использованием метода гидродинамического моделирования проведен анализ штормового нагона на побережье Приморского края в августе - сентябре 2016 г., вызванного воздействием тайфуна Лайонрок. Основой моделирования являются программный комплекс CARDINAL и численная модель Японского моря. Входные поля давления и ветра для океанографической модели задавались по данным оперативной региональной прогностической модели атмосферы WRF-ARW. Приводятся результаты сопоставления расчетных и наблюденных данных об уровне моря. Сделан вывод о возникновении штормового нагона на побережье заливов Петра Великого и Посьета в результате длительного действия штормового ветра восточного направления и вызванного им потока вод в сторону побережья. В открытой части моря получено поднятие уровня за счет понижения давления.

The main goal of the work is the analysis of storm surges on the coast of primorski krai in august-september 2016 caused by typhoon lionrock. This study is conducted using hydrodynamic modelling. The basis of modelling is the program cardinal and numerical model of the sea of japan built on shallow water equations in two-dimensional space. Input pressure and wind fields for the oceanographic model are simulated by operational regional forecasting model wrf-arw. In general, the numerical model of the sea of japan with the mentioned input pressure and wind fields simulate well variations of sea level during the passage of typhoon lionrock. The scheme of simulated sea currents is obtained. During the whole period of calculation the direction of a flow on the area of peter the great gulf and posyet bay was southwest and it is led to a significant sea level rising alongshore of these bays. When the typhoon came to the sea of japan the sea level was rising in the open part of the sea due to drop of atmospheric pressure. However, the rise in the level at sosunovo was not modelled and the rise in the level in vladivostok, observed from the noon on august 30 until the morning of august 31, was significantly underestimated. Tuning the model (doubling of wind coefficient, decreasing of time step, decreasing of meteorological values assimilation time step from three to one hour, use of different variants of wrf model, use of observed data on the open boundaries instead of simulated data of tpxo v. 7.2) Has not changed results significantly. The tide-gauge of vladivostok is located in the long and narrow zolotoi rog bay, into which the ob’yasnenie river and the entire runoff from the adjacent hills of vladivostok flow. The tide-gauge in sosunovo is located at the mouth of the svetlaya river, 500 m from the sea shore. Probably, in both cases, local effect on the level was due to locking discharge of rivers by wind and the anomalous flow of rainwater.