bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Stres dan Status Pekerjaan Ibu dengan Kejadian Preeklampsia di RSUD Patut Patuh Patju Kabupaten Lombok Barat
Authors: Baiq Disnalia Siswari  , Supiani  , Desak Gede Sri Baktiasih
Published: June 2023

ABSTRAK

Hampir 75% dari semua kematian ibu disebabkan oleh adanya komplikasi pada saat kehamilan, persalinan dan nifas. Preeklampsia merupakan salah satu komplikasi yang menyebabkan angka kematian ibu. Faktor stres, pekerjaan, aktivitas fisik, usia ibu, jarak persalinan, paritas merupakan salah satu faktor penyebab terjadinya preeklampsia. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan stres dan status pekerjaan ibu dengan kejadian preeklampsia di RSUD Patut Patuh Patju Kabupaten Lombok Barat. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Dengan rancangan cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 57 ibu hamil yang mengalami preeklampsia, dengan tekhnik pengambilan sampel total sampling. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis univariat dan bivariat. Berdasarkan hasil uji Chi Square didapatkan p-value 0,016 < α (0,05) maka dapat disimpulkan ada hubungan secara signifikan status pekerjaan ibu hamil dengan kejadian preeklampsia. Hasil uji Chi Square p-value 0,015 < α (0,05) disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan secara signifikan tingkat stres ibu hamil dengan kejadian preeklampsia di RSUD Patut Patuh Patju Kabupaten Lombok Barat. Agar ibu hamil mempersiapkan diri dalam menghadapi kehamilan dan persalinan. Dengan perencanaan yang baik, mengatur pola hidup, prilaku hidup bersih dan sehat, pemeriksaan secara teratur dan mampu mengenali penyulit dalam kehamilan agar terhindar dari komplikasi.

Kata Kunci: Stres, Status Pekerjaan, Preeklampsia. ABSTRACT

Almost 75% of maternal deaths are caused by complications during pregnancy, childbirth and post partum period. Preeclampsia is one of the complications that causes maternal mortality. Stress factors, work, physical activity, maternal age, delivery distance, parity are one of the factors that cause preeclampsia. this study to determine the relationship between stress and maternal employment status with the incidence of preeclampsia in Patut Patuh Patju Hospital, West Lombok Regency .This type of research is quantitative research. With a cross-sectional design with a total sample of 57 pregnant women with preeclampsia, with a total sampling technique. The analysis used is univariate and bivariate analysis.Based on the results of the Chi Square test, p-value of 0.016 < (0.05) was obtained, it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between the employment status of pregnant women and the incidence of preeclampsia. The results of the Chi Square p-value of 0.015 < (0.05) concluded that there was a significant relationship between stress levels of pregnant women and the incidence of preeclampsia in Patut Patuh Patju Hospital, West Lombok Regency. In order for pregnant women to prepare themselves in the face of pregnancy and childbirth. With good planning, regulating lifestyle, clean and healthy living behavior, regular checkups and being able to identify complications in pregnancy to avoid complications.

Keywords: Stress, Job Status, Preeclamps
Platelet concentrates – A panacea for periodontal regeneration.
Authors: PRADHAN Sweta , SHETTY Neetha
Published: June 2023

Periodontitis is an inflammatory condition of the periodontium leading to loss of supporting structures of the tooth. The regeneration of periodontium refers to the restoration of the lost tissues to their original form and function by reiterating the fundamental wound healing processes involved in their development. Research has led to the development of “Autologous biomaterials” provide signals for healing, repair, and regeneration. These autologous substances also fosters neo-angiogenesis and new bone formation and therefore have yielded encouraging results in the field of regenerative dentistry.
Platelet concentrates have higher concentration of growth factors which enhance periodontal regeneration. Blood derivatives have several advantages such as being autogenous, cost effective, less time consuming, simple to perform and prolonged release of growth factors. Since inception, many approaches have evolved also in-depth research has been done regarding its biological and clinical applications. Several modifications have been advocated in the conventional protocol like the advanced PRF, injectable PRF, PRF lysate and Titanium-prepared PRF.
This review paper addresses the evolution, applications of platelet concentrates for tissue engineering, recent advances, and novel protocols. Furthermore, several future perspectives of platelet concentrates, such as platelet concentrates as drug delivery agents, platelet dust and liposomes encapsulating platelet concentrates are also discussed.
Volterra integral operators on a family of Dirichlet-Morrey spaces
Authors: Hu Lian , Liu Xiaosong
Published: June 2023

A family of Dirichlet-Morrey spaces \(\mathcal{D}_{\lambda,K}\) of functions analytic in the open unit disk \(\mathbb{D}\) are defined in this paper. We completely characterize the boundedness of the Volterra integral operators \(T_g\), \(I_g\) and the multiplication operator \(M_g\) on the space \(\mathcal{D}_{\lambda,K}\). In addition, the compactness and essential norm of the operators \(T_g\) and \(I_g\) on \(\mathcal{D}_{\lambda,K}\) are also investigated.
One boundary value problem including a spectral parameter in all boundary conditions
Authors: Kabata� Ay�e
Published: June 2023

In this paper, asymptotic formulae for solutions and Green's function of a boundary value problem are investigated when the equation and the boundary conditions contain a spectral parameter.
DNA Fingerprinting of Crops and Its Significance in Crop Improvement
Authors: Lanka Chandra Lekha , Ram Mukh , Krishna Singareddy Murali
Published: June 2023

One of the improvements made possible by the era of genomics is DNA fingerprinting. DNA fingerprinting can be used to detect a variety of genetic changes. In breeding programmes fingerprinting is used to improve productivity and performance. Variety differentiation was relied on morphological characteristics prior to the introduction of genomics and proteomics approaches. Although morphological markers have been used for decades, protein-based markers like isozymes were discovered in the middle of the twentieth century and used for fingerprinting and crop genetic variety assessments. But nowadays, the emergence of genome sequencing has led to the widespread use of genetic markers for crop fingerprinting. The discovery of DNA-based genetic markers has improved genetic research. For genetic diversity estimation, crop evolution, gene mapping and phylogeny, diploid/haploid crop appraisal, heterosis analysis, varietal identification by using marker assisted selection (MAS), highly polymorphic DNA markers are generated. The use of DNA markers for crop fingerprinting started with RFLPs that did not involve PCR and subsequently advanced to PCR amplifiable markers such as AFLPs, RAPDs, SSRs, ISSRs, SNPs, and GBS.This review will provide an outlook on several types of markers and their significance in DNA fingerprinting of crops and possible applications, as well as suggestions for further research.
Taking Stock of Care Delivery Transformation
Authors: Gondi Suhas , Barnett Michael L.
Published: June 2023

This Viewpoint discusses how the same realism and rigor for evaluating biomedical innovations can be applied to the science of care delivery.
Comparison of Commercial Negotiated Price and Cash Price Between Physician-Owned Hospitals and Other Hospitals in the Same Hospital Referral Region
Authors: Wang Yang , Plummer Elizabeth , Wang Yuchen , Cram Peter , Bai Ge
Published: June 2023

This cross-sectional study compares commercial negotiated prices and cash prices between physician-owned hospitals and other hospitals in the same hospital referral region (HRR) using price information available through the Hospital Price Transparency Rule.
Rapid unpaired CBCT‐based synthetic CT for CBCT‐guided adaptive radiotherapy
Authors: Wynne Jacob F. , Lei Yang , Pan Shaoyan , Wang Tonghe , Pasha Mosa , Luca Kirk , Roper Justin , Patel Pretesh , Patel Sagar A. , Godette Karen , Jani Ashesh B. , Yang Xiaofeng
Published: June 2023

In this work, we demonstrate a method for rapid synthesis of high‐quality CT images from unpaired, low‐quality CBCT images, permitting CBCT‐based adaptive radiotherapy. We adapt contrastive unpaired translation (CUT) to be used with medical images and evaluate the results on an institutional pelvic CT dataset. We compare the method against cycleGAN using mean absolute error, structural similarity index, root mean squared error, and Frèchet Inception Distance and show that CUT significantly outperforms cycleGAN while requiring less time and fewer resources. The investigated method improves the feasibility of online adaptive radiotherapy over the present state‐of‐the‐art.
Guest Entrapment in Metal‐Organic Nanosheets for Quantifiably Tuneable Luminescence
Authors: Sherman Dylan A. , Gutiérrez Mario , Griffiths Ian , Mollick Samraj , Amin Nader , Douhal Abderrazzak , Tan Jin‐Chong
Published: June 2023

Luminescent metal‐organic frameworks (LMOFs) are promising materials for nanophotonic applications due to their tuneable structure and programmability. Yet, the 3D nature of LMOFs creates challenges for stability, optical transparency, and device integration. Metal‐organic nanosheets (MONs) potentially overcome these limitations by combining the benefits of metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) with an atomically thin morphology of large planar dimensions. Herein, the bottom‐up synthesis of few‐layer thin ZIF‐7‐III MONs via facile low‐energy salt‐templating is reported. Employing guest@MOF design, the fluorophores Rhodamine B and Fluorescein are intercalated into ZIF‐7 nanosheets (Z7‐NS) to form light emissive systems exhibiting intense and highly photostable fluorescence. Aggregation and Förster resonance energy transfer, enabled by the MON framework, are revealed as the mechanisms behind fluorescence. By varying guest concentration, these mechanisms provide predictable quantified control over emission chromaticity of a dual‐guest Z7‐NS material and the definition of an “emission chromaticity fingerprint” – a unique subset of the visible spectrum that a material can emit by fluorescence.
Versatile Quasi‐Solid Ionic Conductive Elastomer Inspired by Desertification Control Strategy for Soft Iontronics
Authors: Zhou Rong , Jin Yong , Zeng Wenhua , Jin Hongyu , Shi Liangjie , Bai Long , Shang Xiang
Published: June 2023

Ionic conductors, such as hydrogels, ionogels, and eutectogels, have attained considerable research interest in various advanced application scenarios. However, such ionic conductors still suffer from the restriction of inherent liquid compositions, which may leak or evaporate. Herein, inspired by the control strategy of desertification caused by soil erosion, a novel internal‐external dual enhancement design strategy, i.e., increasing the interaction between the filler itself and its matrix, is proposed to firmly embed the deep eutectic solvent (DES) into polyurethane (PU) to prevent liquid leakage, such that the prepared ionic conductive elastomers (PU‐DESs) are quasi‐solid. The PU‐DESs exhibit marvelous versatility including high stretchability, tensile strength, toughness, self‐healing efficiency, antibacterial ability, ionic conductivity, and excellent freezing tolerance. More intriguingly, benefiting from their quasi‐solid feature, PU‐DESs are endowed with long‐term environmental stability. Thanks to these superb versatile features, PU‐DESs are further successfully applied in the wearable sensor and triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) for monitoring human motions and converting mechanical energy into electrical energy, breaking away from the limitations of previous most soft iontronics such as liquid leakage or evaporation and weak mechanical strength. Hence, this study establishes an effective material design strategy for various soft iontronics demanding environmental stability and durability.
A Molecularly Engineered Zwitterionic Hydrogel with Strengthened Anti‐Polyelectrolyte Effect: from High‐Rate Solar Desalination to Efficient Electricity Generation
Authors: Zheng Si Yu , Zhou Jiahui , Si Mengjie , Wang Shuaibing , Zhu Fengbo , Lin Ji , Fu Jimin , Zhang Dong , Yang Jintao
Published: June 2023

Polyzwitterionic hydrogel is an emerging material for solar‐driven water evaporation in saline environment due to its special anti‐polyelectrolyte effect, which is a promising approach to co‐generation of freshwater and electricity. However, the molecular impact on anti‐polyelectrolyte effect remains unclear, let alone to optimize the zwitterionic structure to promote water evaporation efficiency in high‐salinity brine. Herein, a molecularly engineered zwitterionic hydrogel is developed and the incorporated phenyl‐methylene‐imidazole motif greatly enhances the salt binding ability and strengthens anti‐polyelectrolyte effect, leading to boosted hydration, improved salt tolerance, ultra‐low evaporation enthalpy (almost half of traditional zwitterionic gel), and durable anti‐microbial ability in brine. Besides, gradient solar‐thermal network is penetrated to optimize water transport channel and heat confinement. The gel exhibits excellent evaporation rate of 3.17 kg m−2 h−1 in seawater, which is 1.6 times of that in water and such high efficiency could be maintained during 8 h continuous desalination, demonstrating outstanding salt tolerance. The high flux of ion stream can generate considerable voltage (321.3 mV) simultaneously. This work will bring new insights to the understanding of anti‐polyelectrolyte effect at molecular level and promote materials design for saline water evaporation.
Stabilizing Bottom Side of Perovskite via Preburying Cesium Formate toward Efficient and Stable Solar Cells
Authors: Deng Liangliang , Wang Haoliang , Rafique Saqib , Wang Yanyan , Hu Tianxiang , Liu Kai , Wang Yaxin , Li Xiaoguo , Xie Zuoti , Tang Jun , Liu Zhe , Li Jinpeng , Yuan Wei , Wang Jiao , Yu Anran , Zhan Yiqiang
Published: June 2023

The fragile bottom side of perovskite films is demonstrated to be harmful to the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) because the carrier extraction and recombination can be significantly influenced by the easily formed strain, voids, and defects on the bottom side. Nevertheless, the bottom side of perovskite films is usually overlooked because it remains a challenge to directly characterize and modify the bottom side. Herein, a facile and effective strategy is reported to stabilize the bottom side via preburying cesium formate (CsFo) into the SnO2 electron transport layer (ETL). It is found that the synergistic effect of cesium cation (Cs+) and formate anion (HCOO−) causes strain relaxation, void elimination, and defects’ reduction, which further facilitate the charge extraction. Consequently, the champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of formamidinium (FA)‐based PSCs is increased from 23.34% to 24.50%. Meanwhile, the ultraviolet (UV), thermal, and operational stability are also enhanced. Finally, formamidinium–cesium (FACs)‐based PSCs are investigated to confirm the effectiveness of this preburied CsFo strategy, and the optimal device exhibits a champion PCE of 25.03% and a remarkably high fill factor (FF) of 85.65%.
Bottom‐Up Synthesis of CoxSn1−xS Nanosheets: A Ferromagnetic and Photoconductive Semiconductor
Authors: Zhang Su‐Yun , Mao Zhimin , Zhao Duo , Wang Chunmei , Tang Wei , Xie Yifei , Kang Chenxu , Liang Huawei , Liu Haoliang , Zeng Yu‐Jia
Published: June 2023

2D ferromagnetic semiconductors are key to next‐generation spintronic devices in the post‐Moore era. The combination of ferromagnetic and optoelectronic properties offers exciting opportunities for advanced multifunctional devices in spin‐optoelectronic applications. Herein, the authors synthesize 2D van der Waals (vdW) CoxSn1‐xS with ferromagnetism and photoresponse through a bottom‐up reaction, which has a high yield compared to typical mechanical exfoliation. Ferromagnetic ordering is realized in 2D vdW semiconductor SnS by Co doping at the Sn sites. Magnetic properties are thoroughly studied at different doping concentrations, and first‐principles calculations are further performed to reveal the magnetism origin and spin interactions. In particular, a low Gilbert damping of 1.69 × 10−3 is obtained in vdW CoxSn1−xS through ferromagnetic resonance. In addition, photodetectors based on CoxSn1−xS quantum dots are demonstrated. These studies establish a promising semiconductor with both ferromagnetic ordering and photoelectric response, which provides unprecedented opportunities in spintronic‐photonic integrated applications.
Electrochemically Induced Conformational Change of Di‐Boronic Acid‐Functionalized Ferrocene for Direct Solid‐State Monitoring of Aqueous Fluoride Ions
Authors: Chang An‐Yi , Sandhu Samar S. , Fernando P. U. Ashvin I. , Kosgei Gilbert. K. , Bresnahan Caitlin , Cobb Jared S. , Morales Jose F. , Zhou Jiachi , Ding Shichao , Hanna Ashley , Jernberg Johanna , Wang Joseph
Published: June 2023

While fluoride ions (F−) are abundant across environmental and biological systems, common procedures and potentiometric sensors for quantifying aqueous F− are inefficient, time‐consuming, and suffer from poor pH resiliency and high detection limits. Herein, this work reports a new di‐boronic acid‐functionalized ferrocene (FDBA) molecular receptor for noncovalent F− recognition, toward the development of a solid‐state miniaturized voltammetric fluoride sensor capable of direct and reversible F− detection in drinking water (DW) (pH 6) and community water (pH 7.6–9.1) over the µg L−1–mg L−1 range. The associated sensing mechanism is enabled by the conformational change of FDBA from the open (charge‐repelled) to closed (π‐dimerized) conformation, which is facilitated by the unique linkage of two electron‐accepting phenylboronic acid moieties with the electron‐donating ferrocene moiety using rigid conjugated amide linkers. The square wave voltammetric (SWV) oxidation current response of the FDBA‐based fluoride sensor is spectroscopically investigated, suggesting a combination of electrooxidation‐triggered conformational change of FDBA on a nanocarbon‐modified electrode, F− anion–π interactions, and resulting electron transfer between F− and FDBA. The performance of the voltammetric fluoride sensor is compared to that of a commercial liquid junction‐based fluoride ion‐selective electrode (F‐ISE), and of a solid‐contact (SC) F‐ISE sensor chip, demonstrating significant advantages versus traditional potentiometric F‐ISEs.
Solvent‐Free and Skin‐Like Supramolecular Ion‐Conductive Elastomers with Versatile Processability for Multifunctional Ionic Tattoos and On‐Skin Bioelectronics
Authors: Niu Wenwen , Tian Qiong , Liu Zhiyuan , Liu Xiaokong
Published: June 2023

The development of stable and biocompatible soft ionic conductors, alternatives to hydrogels and ionogels, will open up new avenues for the construction of stretchable electronics. Here, a brand‐new design, encapsulating a naturally occurring ionizable compound by a biocompatible polymer via high‐density hydrogen bonds, resulting in a solvent‐free supramolecular ion‐conductive elastomer (SF‐supra‐ICE) that eliminates the dehydration problem of hydrogels and possesses excellent biocompatibility, is reported. The SF‐supra‐ICE with high ionic conductivity (>3.3 × 10−2 S m−1) exhibits skin‐like softness and strain‐stiffening behaviors, excellent elasticity, breathability, and self‐adhesiveness. Importantly, the SF‐supra‐ICE can be obtained by a simple water evaporation step to solidify the aqueous precursor into a solvent‐free nature. Therefore, the aqueous precursor can act as inks to be painted and printed into customized ionic tattoos (I‐tattoos) for the construction of multifunctional on‐skin bioelectronics. The painted I‐tattoos exhibit ultraconformal and seamless contact with human skin, enabling long‐term and high‐fidelity recording of various electrophysiological signals with extraordinary immunity to motion artifacts. Human–machine interactions are achieved by exploiting the painted I‐tattoos to transmit the electrophysiological signals of human beings. Stretchable I‐tattoo electrode arrays, manufactured by the printing method, are demonstrated for multichannel digital diagnosis of the health condition of human back muscles and spine.
Bench‐Stable Electrophilic Reagents for the Direct Di‐ and Trifluoroethylthiolation of Indoles
Authors: Casasús Paula , Mestre Jordi , Bernús Miguel , Castillón Sergio , Boutureira Omar
Published: June 2023

Two saccharine‐based electrophilic reagents were developed for the direct introduction of SCH2CF3 and SCH2CF2H motifs via a C−S bond forming reaction. Their large‐scale preparation and reactivity performance has been carefully examined, enabling access to a series of indoles through open‐flask reactions. Sulfone and sulfoxide analogs (S(O)nCH2RF, n=1,2) are also accessible by sequential oxidation reactions.
Cycling Stability of Lithium‐Ion Batteries Based on Fe–Ti‐Doped LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Cathodes, Graphite Anodes, and the Cathode‐Additive Li3PO4
Authors: Stüble Pirmin , Müller Marcus , Bergfeldt Thomas , Binder Joachim R. , Hofmann Andreas
Published: June 2023

This study addresses the improved cycling stability of Li‐ion batteries based on Fe–Ti‐doped LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) high‐voltage cathode active material and graphite anodes. By using 1 wt% Li3PO4 as cathode additive, over 90% capacity retention for 1000 charge–discharge cycles and remaining capacities of 109 mAh g−1 are reached in a cell with an areal capacity of 2.3 mAh cm−2 (potential range: 3.5–4.9 V). Cells without the additive, in contrast, suffer from accelerated capacity loss and increase polarization, resulting in capacity retention of only 78% over 1000 cycles. An electrolyte consisting of ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, and LiPF6 is used without additional additives. The significantly improved cycling stability of the full cells is mainly due to two factors, namely, the low MnIII content of the Fe–Ti‐doped LNMO active material and the use of the cathode‐additive Li3PO4. Crystalline Li3PO4 yields a drastic reduction of transition metal deposition on the graphite anode and prevents Li loss and the propagation of cell polarization. Li3PO4 is added to the cathode slurry that makes it a very simple and scalable process, first reported herein. The positive effects of crystalline Li3PO4 as electrode additive, however, should apply to other cell chemistries as well.
A Hexafluorophosphate‐Based Ionic Liquid as Multifunctional Interfacial Layer between High Voltage Positive Electrode and Solid‐State Electrolyte for Sodium Secondary Batteries
Authors: Wang Di , Takiyama Masaya , Hwang Jinkwang , Matsumoto Kazuhiko , Hagiwara Rika
Published: June 2023

Sodium secondary batteries have gained accolades as future energy storage devices due to their low costs and environmental benignity, but are heavily impeded by the poor anodic stabilities of most electrolytes, including solid‐state electrolytes (SSE), that render them incompatible with high‐voltage positive materials. This study reports, for the first time, a new synthesis technique using a fluorohydrogenate ionic liquid (IL)precursor to prepare a [DEME][PF6] ([DEME]+: N,N‐diethyl‐N‐methyl‐N‐(2‐methoxyethyl) ammonium) with high yield and high purity. Herein, a Na[PF6]‐[DEME][PF6] IL is formulated and subjected to a series of electrochemical tests to validate its performance in battery applications. The present IL harbors a strong oxidative stability (up to 5.2 V on Pt and >4.5 V on conductive carbon electrodes) that aids in the suppression of oxidative decompositions of one typical SSE, for example, beta alumina solid electrolyte (BASE), thereby extending their electrochemical window in hybrid SSE systems. A hybrid solid‐state Na secondary battery employing a high voltage positive electrode, Na3V2(PO4)2F3, is assembled using the BASE/IL configuration, and features energy density and superior cycling performance. This work demonstrates that sandwiching an SSE between the oxidatively stable [PF6]− IL can be an effective design for high voltage operation Na secondary batteries.
Just‐in‐time procedural training for pediatric emergency medicine trainees: A randomized educational interventional trial
Authors: McKay Jheanelle , Wasserman Mollie , Monuteaux Michael C. , Hirsch Alexander W. , Nagler Joshua
Published: June 2023

Background

Pediatric requirements include procedural skills training such as peripheral intravenous (PIV) catheter placement and bag–mask ventilation (BMV). Clinical experiences may be limited and temporally remote from scheduled teaching. Just‐in‐time (JIT) training prior to utilization can promote skill development and mitigate learning decay. Our objective was to assess the impact of JIT training on pediatric residents’ procedural performance, knowledge, and confidence with PIV placement and BMV.

Methods

Residents received standardized baseline training in both PIV placement and BMV during scheduled educational programming. Between 3 and 6 months later, participants were randomized and received JIT training for either PIV placement or BMV. JIT training included a brief video and coached practice, totaling <5 min. Each participant was videotaped performing both procedures on skills trainers. Blinded investigators scored performance using skills checklists. Pre‐ and postintervention knowledge was assessed using multiple‐choice and short‐answer items, and confidence was reported using Likert scores.

Results

Seventy‐two residents completed baseline training sessions: 36 were randomized to receive JIT training for PIV and 36 for BMV. Thirty‐five residents in each cohort completed the curriculum. There were no significant differences between the cohorts with regard to demographics, baseline knowledge, or prior simulation experience. JIT training was associated with improved procedural performance for PIV (median 87% vs. 70%, p < 0.001) and for BMV (mean 83% vs. 57%, p < 0.001). Results remained significant after using regression models to adjust for differences in prior clinical experience. Improvements in knowledge or confidence were not associated with JIT training in either cohort.

Conclusions

JIT training resulted in a significant improvement in resident procedural performance with PIV placement and BMV in a simulated environment. There were no differences in outcome with regard to knowledge or confidence. Future work might explore how the demonstrated benefit translates into the clinical setting.
External validation of the ultrasound competency assessment tool
Authors: Russell Frances M. , Herbert Audrey , Kennedy Sarah , Nti Benjamin , Powell Mollie , Davis Jean , Ferre Robinson
Published: June 2023

Objective

Point‐of‐care ultrasound (POCUS) is a core component of emergency medicine (EM) residency training. No standardized competency‐based tool has gained widespread acceptance. The ultrasound competency assessment tool (UCAT) was recently derived and validated. We sought to externally validate the UCAT in a 3‐year EM residency program.

Methods

This was a convenience sample of PGY‐1 to ‐3 residents. Utilizing the UCAT and an entrustment scale, as described in the original study, six different evaluators split into two groups graded residents in a simulated scenario involving a patient with blunt trauma and hypotension. Residents were asked to perform and interpret a focused assessment with sonography in trauma (FAST) examination and apply the findings to the simulated scenario. Demographics, prior POCUS experience, and self‐assessed competency were collected. Each resident was evaluated simultaneously by three different evaluators with advanced ultrasound training utilizing the UCAT and entrustment scales. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between evaluators was calculated for each assessment domain; analysis of variance was used to compare UCAT performance and PGY level and prior POCUS experience.

Results

Thirty‐two residents (14 PGY‐1, nine PGY‐2, and nine PGY‐3) completed the study. Overall, ICC was 0.9 for preparation, 0.57 for image acquisition, 0.3 for image optimization, and 0.46 for clinical integration. There was moderate correlation between number of FAST examinations performed and entrustment and UCAT composite scores. There was poor correlation between self‐reported confidence and entrustment and UCAT composite scores.

Conclusions

We had mixed results in our attempt to externally validate the UCAT with poor correlation between faculty and moderate to good correlation with faculty to diagnostic sonographer. More work is needed to validate the UCAT before adoption.
Multistage stochastic programming for the closed‐loop supply chain planning with mobile modules under uncertainty
Authors: Ge Congqin , Zhang Lifeng , Yang Wenhui , Yuan Zhihong
Published: June 2023

Traditional supply chains usually follow fixed facility designs which coincide with the strategic nature of supply chain management (SCM). However, as the global market turns more volatile, the concept of mobile modularization has been adopted by increasingly more industrial practitioners. In mobile modular networks, modular units can be installed or removed at a particular site to expand or reduce the capacity of a facility, or relocated to other sites to tackle market volatility. In this work, we formulate a mixed‐integer linear programming (MILP) model for the closed‐loop supply chain network planning with modular distribution and collection facilities. To further deal with uncertain customer demands and recovery rates, we extend our model to a multistage stochastic programming model and efficiently solve it using a tailored stochastic dynamic dual integer programming (SDDiP) with Magnanti‐Wong enhanced cuts. Computational experiments show that the added Magnanti‐Wong cuts in the proposed algorithm can effectively close the gap between upper and lower bounds, and the benefit of mobile modules is evident when the temporal and spatial variability of customer demand is high.
Introducing trace Co to molybdenum carbide catalyst for efficient ammonia synthesis
Authors: Fang Biyun , Zhang Chuanfeng , Yang Miaodi , Li Jiahui , Li Chunyan , Ni Jun , Lin Jianxin , Lin Bingyu , Jiang Lilong
Published: June 2023

Development of the cost‐effective catalysts with excellent catalytic performance is highly demanded for ammonia synthesis, and the strong adsorption of ammonia greatly hinders the design of cost‐effective and high‐performance ammonia synthesis catalysts. Herein, we report that the addition of a small amount of Co species (0.1 wt%) into Mo2C catalyst, which can provide electrons to Mo2C, not only leads to improvement of the adsorption and migration of hydrogen, but also facilitates the adsorption and desorption of ammonia. Consequently, Mo2C catalyst with 0.1 wt%Co offers a 40% higher ammonia synthesis activity and a lower negative reaction order with respect to NH3 in comparison to Mo2C. This work stresses the importance of the minor components in improving the ammonia synthesis activity by accelerating the migration of reactants over the catalyst surface and the escape of products from the catalyst.
Pollen as the link between floral phenotype and fitness
Authors: Opedal Øystein H. , Pérez‐Barrales Rocío , Brito Vinícius L. G. , Muchhala Nathan , Capó Miquel , Dellinger Agnes
Published: June 2023

Pollen plays a key role in plant reproductive biology. Despite the long history of research on pollen and pollination, recent advances in pollen‐tracking methods and statistical approaches to linking plant phenotype, pollination performance, and reproductive fitness yield a steady flow of exciting new insights. In this introduction to the Special Issue “Pollen as the Link Between Phenotype and Fitness,” we start by describing a general conceptual model linking functional classes of floral phenotypic traits to pollination‐related performance metrics and reproductive fitness. We use this model as a framework for synthesizing the relevant literature, highlighting the studies included in the Special Issue, and identifying gaps in our understanding and opportunities for further development of the field. The papers that follow in this Special Issue provide new insights into the relationships between pollen production, presentation, flower morphology, and pollination performance (e.g., pollen deposition onto stigmas), the role of pollinators in pollen transfer, and the consequences of heterospecific pollen deposition. Several of the studies demonstrate exciting experimental and analytical approaches that should pave the way for continued work addressing the intriguing role of pollen in linking plant phenotypes to reproductive fitness.
Clinical and radiological assessment of scoliosis in Koolen‐de Vries syndrome
Authors: Bouman Arianne , Bouwmeester Romy N. , van Vlimmeren Leo A. , Burger Pauline , Mandel Jean‐Louis , de Vries Bert B. A. , de Kleuver Marinus , Klein Willemijn M. , Geelen Joyce M. , Koolen David A.
Published: June 2023

The Koolen‐de Vries syndrome (KdVS) is a multisystem disorder characterized by developmental delay, intellectual disability, characteristic facial features, epilepsy, cardiovascular and urogenital malformations, and various musculoskeletal disorders. Scoliosis is a common feature. The aim of this study is to fill the gap in the current knowledge about scoliosis in individuals with KdVS and to provide recommendations for management and follow‐up. In total, 54 individuals with KdVS were included in the study, with a mean age of 13.6 years (range 1.9–38.8 years). Spine radiographs, MR scans, and corresponding radiology reports were analyzed retrospectively for scoliosis and additional anomalies. The presence of scoliosis‐related clinical conditions was assessed in participants' medical records and by use of a parent survey. Scoliosis was present in 56% of the participants (30/54) with a mean age of onset of 10.6 years and curve progression during the growth spurt. Prevalence at age 6, 10, and 18 years was, respectively, 9%, 41%, and 65%. Most participants were diagnosed with a single curve (13/24, 54%), of which five participants had a long C‐curve type scoliosis. No significant risk factors for development of scoliosis could be identified. Severity was mostly classified as mild, although 29% (7/24) of the curves were larger than 30° at last follow‐up. Bracing therapy was received in 13% (7/54), and surgical spinal fusion was warranted in 6% (3/54). Remarkably, participants with scoliosis received less often physical therapy compared to participants without scoliosis (P = 0.002). Scoliosis in individuals with KdVS should be closely monitored and radiologic screening for scoliosis and vertebrae abnormalities is recommended at diagnosis of KdVS, and the age of 10 and 18 years.
Comparative life history patterns of female gorillas
Authors: Robbins Martha M. , Akantorana Moses , Arinaitwe Joseph , Breuer Thomas , Manguette Marie , McFarlin Shannon , Meder Angela , Parnell Richard , Richardson Jack L. , Stephan Claudia , Stokes Emma J. , Stoinski Tara S. , Vecellio Veronica , Robbins Andrew M.
Published: June 2023

Objectives

Several theories have been proposed to explain the impact of ecological conditions on differences in life history variables within and between species. Here we compare female life history parameters of one western lowland gorilla population (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) and two mountain gorilla populations (Gorilla beringei beringei).

Materials and Methods

We compared the age of natal dispersal, age of first birth, interbirth interval, and birth rates using long‐term demographic datasets from Mbeli Bai (western gorillas), Bwindi Impenetrable National Park and the Virunga Massif (mountain gorillas).

Results

The Mbeli western gorillas had the latest age at first birth, longest interbirth interval, and slowest surviving birth rate compared to the Virunga mountain gorillas. Bwindi mountain gorillas were intermediate in their life history patterns.

Discussion

These patterns are consistent with differences in feeding ecology across sites. However, it is not possible to determine the evolutionary mechanisms responsible for these differences, whether a consequence of genetic adaptation to fluctuating food supplies (“ecological risk aversion hypothesis”) or phenotypic plasticity in response to the abundance of food (“energy balance hypothesis”). Our results do not seem consistent with the extrinsic mortality risks at each site, but current conditions for mountain gorillas are unlikely to match their evolutionary history. Not all traits fell along the expected fast‐slow continuum, which illustrates that they can vary independently from each other (“modularity model”). Thus, the life history traits of each gorilla population may reflect a complex interplay of multiple ecological influences that are operating through both genetic adaptations and phenotypic plasticity.
Sustained efficacy of mepolizumab in patients with severe chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: SYNAPSE 24‐week treatment‐free follow‐up
Authors: Desrosiers Martin , Diamant Zuzana , Castelnuovo Paolo , Hellings Peter W. , Han Joseph K. , Peters Anju T. , Silver Jared , Smith Steven G. , Fuller Abigail , Sousa Ana R. , Chan Robert H. , Gevaert Philippe ,   the SYNAPSE study investigators
Published: June 2023

Background

In the 52‐week Phase III SYNAPSE study, mepolizumab given every 4 weeks (100 mg subcutaneously) reduced nasal polyp (NP) size, improved symptoms and quality of life (QoL), and reduced corticosteroid use and number of sinus surgeries in patients with severe chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), versus placebo. Because the durability of mepolizumab's efficacy after discontinuation is poorly understood in CRSwNP, the efficacy of mepolizumab after discontinuation was analyzed in severe CRSwNP, over a 24‐week follow‐up.

Methods

Changes from SYNAPSE baseline to end of treatment (week 52) and end of follow‐up (week 76) were assessed for total endoscopic NP score, nasal obstruction and overall symptoms visual analog scale scores, and 22‐item Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test score. Time to first sinus surgery, time to first corticosteroid use, and geometric mean blood eosinophil counts (BECs) were also assessed.

Results

Among 134 follow‐up patients, clinical improvements observed with mepolizumab versus placebo were partially evident 24 weeks after discontinuation despite BEC returning to baseline. The mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) change from baseline in NP score (week 52: −1.3 [1.8 to −0.9] vs. −0.3 [−0.6 to 0.1]; week 76: −1.2 [−1.6 to −0.7] vs. −0.1 [−0.5 to 0.3]) and the proportion of patients having sinus surgery (week 52: 4% vs. 25%; week 76: 9% vs. 31%) remained substantially improved with mepolizumab versus placebo. Mepolizumab‐associated improvements in overall symptoms, quality of life, and corticosteroid use versus placebo were partially sustained at week 76.

Conclusion

Fifty‐two weeks of mepolizumab treatment is associated with sustained clinical benefits up to 24 weeks after discontinuation in patients with severe CRSwNP, which should be considered by physicians when making treatment decisions.
On Thermodynamics of Kerr Black Hole
Authors: Ulhoa Sérgio Costa , dos Santos Alesandro Ferreira , Spaniol Ednardo Paulo , Khanna Faqir Chand
Published: June 2023

The gravitational Stefan–Boltzmann law is considered for the Kerr black hole in the weak‐field limit. The energy‐momentum tensor predicted by teleparallelism equivalent to general relativity is used in the thermo field dynamics formalism to thermalize the field. A temperature‐dependent gravitational pressure is obtained. Regions of divergent heat capacity are observed. According to Landau theory, it allows the existence of distinct phases around the Kerr black hole.
Ru−FeNi Alloy Heterojunctions on Lignin‐derived Carbon as Bifunctional Electrocatalysts for Efficient Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Lin Xuliang , Liu Jianglin , Qiu Xueqing , Liu Bowen , Wang Xiaofei , Chen Liheng , Qin Yanlin
Published: June 2023

Rational design of efficient, stable, and inexpensive bifunctional electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reactions (OER) and hydrogen evolution reactions (HER) is a key challenge to realize green hydrogen production via electrolytic water splitting. Herein, Ru nanoparticles and FeNi alloy heterojunction catalyst (Ru−FeNi@NLC) encapsulated via lignin‐derived carbon was prepared by self‐assembly precipitation and in situ pyrolysis. The designed catalyst displays excellent performance at 10 mA cm−2 with low overpotentials of 36 mV for HER and 198 mV for OER, and only needs 1.48 V for overall water splitting. Results and DFT calculations show the unique N‐doped lignin‐derived carbon layer and Ru−FeNi heterojunction contribute to optimized electronic structure for enhancing electron transfer, balanced free energy of reactants and intermediates in the sorption/desorption process, and significantly reduced reaction energy barrier for the HER and OER rate‐determining steps, thus improved reaction kinetics. This work provides a new in situ pyrolysis doping strategy based on renewable biomass for the construction of highly active, stable and cost‐effective catalysts.
Plasma‐Enhanced Chemical‐Vapor‐Deposition Synthesis of Photoredox‐Active Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon from NH3 and CH4 Gases
Authors: Wang Yan , Fang Yuanxing , Wang Yankun , Wu Haisu , Anpo Masakazu , Yu Jimmy C. , Wang Xinchen
Published: June 2023

Earth's primordial atmosphere was rich in ammonia and methane. To understand the evolution of the atmosphere, these two gases were used to make photoredox‐active nitrogen‐doped carbon (NDC). Photocatalysts such as NDC might play an important role in the development of geological and atmospheric chemistry during the Archean era. This study describes the synthesis of NDC directly from NH3 and CH4 gases. The photocatalyst product can be used to selectively synthesize imines by photo‐oxidization of amines, producing H2O2 simultaneously in the photoreduction reaction. Our findings shed light on the chemical evolution of the Earth.
Synthesis and characterization of new neutral Mn(I) tricarbonyl complexes with 8‐hydroxyquinoline and imidazole ligands as CO releasing molecules
Authors: Annereau Marcel , Martial Franck , Forté Jérémy , Gontard Geoffrey , Blanchard Sébastien , Dossmann Héloïse , Salmain Michèle , Corcé Vincent
Published: June 2023

A series of manganese(I) tricarbonyl complexes formulated as [Mn(8‐HQ)(CO)3Imd] (HQ = hydroxyquinoline and Imd = imidazole derivatives) was synthesized and fully characterized. These structures could be easily accessed from a common dimeric edifice formulated as [Mn2(8‐HQ)2(CO)6]. The structure of this complex has been confirmed by X‐ray diffraction studies. Its reaction with a range of imidazole derivatives (Imd) yielded the monomeric complexes [Mn(8‐hydroxyquinoline)(CO)3Imd] with various functional groups as an anchoring point for a vector. Photoactivation of all these complexes by blue‐light irradiation led to the liberation of 3 mol of CO per mol of complex as determined experimentally. Spectroscopic and computational methods were employed to explore the mechanism of CO release. Finally, a manganese complex including the more elaborate imidazole ligand N‐ and C‐di‐protected histidine was successfully synthesized, opening the way to its direct incorporation in peptides.
‘Click’‐Derived 1,2,3‐Triazolium Salts Featuring a 4‐Halo‐phenyl Group: Precursors for Heterobimetallic Complexes
Authors: Tiwari Chandra Shekhar , Mathoor Illam Praseetha , Rit Arnab
Published: June 2023

The ‘click’‐derived 1,2,3‐triazolium salts [L1/L2‐H]I (1‐(4‐iodo/bromo‐phenyl)‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazolium salt) featuring two distinct coordination sites, one via oxidative addition and other via classical deprotonation cum metalation, were designed and explored towards the synthesis of various mono‐ and bimetallic complexes. Accordingly, a series of well‐characterized 1,2,3‐triazol‐5‐ylidene coordinated cyclometalated transition metal complexes (1–3) were obtained. However, these complexes were found to be ineffective in accessing the desired heterobimetallic complexes. Nevertheless, same ligand systems readily underwent oxidative addition with Pd0 metal precursors, to give the PdII complexes 4/5, and the considerable change and reversal in chemical shift values of the triazole C4/C5‐backbone protons (C4‐H being downfield shifted than that of C5‐H) of these oxidatively added PdII complexes were detected. The PdII complex 5 with chelating DPPE was finally successfully applied for the synthesis of the heterobimetallic PdII‐RuII complex 6 and 2D NMR analyses, as well as DFT calculations supported the formation of the rare C4/C5‐unprotected 1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐ylidene coordinated RuII‐complex.
Event‐triggered fuzzy adaptive control of incommensurate fractional order nonlinear systems
Authors: Gong Dianjun , Wang Yong
Published: June 2023

This paper focuses on the event‐triggered control of nonstrict‐feedback incommensurate fractional order systems with external disturbances. To release more communication resources and reduce the triggered time instant, we adopt the relative‐threshold‐based event‐triggered strategy and prove that the Zeno behavior does not exist. We utilize the fuzzy systems to approximate the nonlinear systems and design an adaptive update law to estimate the approximation errors and external disturbances. To conquer the dimension explosion phenomenon in the backstepping process, we design a fractional order filter and apply the dynamic surface control technique. The closed‐loop system is semiglobally stable and the tracking error converges to a small neighborhood of equilibrium point under the proposed control approach. Finally, the validity of the developed controller is verified by the simulation examples.
Robust iterative learning control via adaptive backstepping for oscillation displacement system of continuous casting mold driven by a servo motor
Authors: Li Jianxiong , Li Zhi , Gao Chongyi , Fang Yiming
Published: June 2023

In order to solve the tracking problem of oscillation displacement system of continuous casting mold driven by a servo motor in the present of the time‐varying load, parameter uncertainties, unknown dynamics and external disturbances, a robust iterative learning control (ILC) via adaptive backstepping is proposed in this paper. Firstly, backstepping technique is used to design controller due to the mismatched disturbances. Secondly, the periodic component of the lumped disturbances is estimated by ILC method, while the aperiodic component is attenuated by switching term with adaptive gain. In addition, a time‐varying boundary layer approach is employed to overcome the identical initial condition limitation of the ILC. Through a proper composite energy function, the convergence of the closed‐loop system is analyzed. Finally, simulation and experimental results are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Kinematical and ellipsoidal properties of K dwarfs in the solar neighborhood of the Gaia era
Authors: Elsanhoury W. H. , Al‐Johani Amnah S.
Published: June 2023

The study reports velocity ellipsoid parameters including the kinematical properties of K dwarf stars. Herein, two samples of K dwarf stars are presented with the solar neighborhood ( pc) for high (; 106 points) and low galactic latitudes (; 199 points). We calculated spatial velocities (, , and ; km s) along the galactic coordinates and the velocity dispersion (, , ; km s), the vertex longitude (), which have often differed significantly from zero like many of our analyses, i.e., (; 106 points) and (; 199 points). Moreover, we computed the solar motion, i.e., km s, and other solar elements (e.g., , , , and ). Finally, we estimated Oort's constants, i.e., km s kpc and ‐ km s kpc, both indicating that the rotational velocity was km s.