PROBLEMS AND VECTORS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ORGAN DONATION AND TRANSPLANTATION IN UKRAINE
Authors: Kovtun G.I. 
Published: July 2023

Organ transplantation is a field of medicine that has been continuously developing in the world for the past 50 years. For the development of the system of organ donation and transplantation in the conditions of its formation in Ukraine, a scientific justification of its problems of an organizational and managerial nature is needed, as well as a search for development vectors. Today, transplantology has become one of the most science-intensive and dynamically developing medical technologies. Organ transplantation makes it possible to provide effective assistance to such patients who were previously doomed to inevitable death or severe disability.

The aim is to determine the problems and vectors of optimization of the organ donation and transplantation system in Ukraine.

Materials and methods. To achieve the goals set, the work uses general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization, interpretation of scientific data, as well as methods for the unity of the logical development of socio-economic systems, a systematic approach, and dialectical principles of comparison.

Results. The article presents evidence-based directions for the development of the system of organ donation and transplantation, which allow optimizing its organizational potential. They are based on a set of interrelated forms and technologies of the production process of the functioning of the modern system of organ donation and transplantation. They make it possible to determine the organizational, managerial, socio-economic tool for the development of the sphere of organ donation and transplantation.

Transplantation is needed by the country, and it is the responsibility of the state to the people. The government needs to correctly form an idea about transplantology, it is necessary to develop a national strategy for the development of this discipline. strategy is not there yet.

The main vector of the development of transplantology in Ukraine is the creation of a national concept of organ donation and transplantation, as a system of scientific views on transplantology. this vector determines the main ideas and directions of its development, which forms the ideological base of the medical staff, which changes the traditional views of the public on donation.

For the majority of the population and medical professionals, the moral problems of modern transplantology are a matter of solving moral problems arising in the field of manipulation of the human body, both living and dead. In this field, the union of society, state and church is needed to define the right to dispose of one's body, even after death, to respect the human body, which is part of its human essence, and to increase donation.

Conclusions. Despite the fact that in recent decades Ukraine has seen the development of the field of transplantation, there are also a number of problems of an organizational nature. To make a significant breakthrough in the development of organ transplantation in Ukraine, it is necessary to carry out a lot of organizational work to develop the field of transplantation. Searching for solutions to the problems of organ donation and transplantation, as saving human life, is impossible without a deep study of the medical, organizational, legal, social and moral aspects. Today, transplantology has become one of the most science-intensive and dynamically developing medical technologies.

Transplant medicine is not only a new means of providing assistance to the population, but also an indicator of the success of the country's development in general, an important element of national pride and prestige.