bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Critical Discourse Analysis of Celebrant Reporting in Online Media the Fairclough and Teun A Van Djik Approach Model
Authors: Hismulyati  , Teguh Setiawan
Published: December 2023

The mass media is a tool for conveying information, thoughts and ideas to a wide audience. The information conveyed varied, including news about the lives of celebrities in Indonesia. Through critical discourse analysis, it is possible to find findings about ideology contained in a report in various existing media. The purpose of this study was to find out critical discourse analysis of the news about Dara Arafah's migration published by seven online media, namely okezone.com, suara.com, hipwee.com, idmtimes.com, fimela.com, tribunnews.com, and Celebrities.id. Qualitative methods are used as a basis for thinking and a critical paradigm is used as the point of view of this research. The theory used in this study is a three-dimensional model from Norman Fairclough, namely the microstructural, mesostructural, and macrostructural. The results of this study indicate that there are differences in the content of celebrity reporting in seven online media; okezone.com, suara.com, hipwee.com, idmtimes.com, fimela.com, tribunnews.com, and Celebrities.id. Each media presents the same news topic with different framing according to the media's motivation and idealism. The results of the analysis of Teun A Van Djik's theory are Macro Structure (Themes/topics). The themes or topics in the seven reports are the migration of Dara Arafah, a beautiful celebgram who was originally famous for not covering her genitals. Even so, each news item has a different sub-theme or category. Superstructure (Schematic), Based on the scheme, each report begins with a title as a summary. The lead section describes the subject that is the reference and leads the reader to the main discourse. Micro Structure (Semantics: Setting, Detail, Purpose, Presupposition) In the seven news stories, all elements of the micro structure are found in the form of Setting, Detail, Purpose, and Presupposition. Even though they have almost the same background, namely the relation to the news about Dara Arafah's migration, each news story has its own picture regarding the background of each news. Likewise, the details, intentions, and presuppositions in each news story will vary. but each news has its own description of the background in each news. Likewise, the details, intentions, and presuppositions in each news story will vary. but each news has its own description of the background in each news. Likewise, the details, intentions, and presuppositions in each news story will vary.
Influence of post-harvest application of Stenotrophomonas rhizophila on quality of mango cv. BARI Aam-3
Authors: Uddin M J , Mehedi M N H , Robbani M , Hasan M F , Islam S M A
Published: December 2023

The study was conducted at the Postharvest and Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh during the period from July to December 2018 to study the biocontrol performance of selected antagonistic bacteria Stenotrophomonas rhizophila strain PSTU-Hort-14 on BARI Aam-3. All the treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with five replications and repeated twice. The bacterial strain PSTU-Hort-14 was found highly compatible with 20% lemongrass extract and 2% sodium bicarbonate (SBC) or mixture of both which reduced 96.5% of the disease over control in naturally infected fruits at the end of 14 days of storage at 12±1ºC and 90±5% RH. The combined treatments of Stenotrophomonas rhizophila-lemongrass extract-SBC showed reduced weight loss by more than 25% compared to the control at 12±1ºC and 90±5% RH. The shelf life was thus extended by 15 days compared to control at 12±1ºC and 90±5% RH. Finally, it was clear that the strain Stenotrophomonas rhizophila strain PSTU-Hort-14 was effective when incorporated with 2% SBC and 20% lemongrass extract to control C. gloeosporioides as well as improve the postharvest quality of BARI Aam-3 during cold storage.
Bangladesh J. Agri. 2023, 48(2): 13-29
A Case of Chondromyxoid Fibroma Observed in the Nasal Cavity
Authors: Oh Minji , Jeong Ji Yun , Kim Jae-Hui , Heo Sung Jae
Published: December 2023

Chondromyxoid fibroma (CMF) is an extremely rare, benign cartilaginous tumor found in the craniofacial region. It is often misdiagnosed due to its rare occurrence in the nasal and paranasal sinus; moreover, it has similarities with other cartilaginous tumors, showing the same radiologic and histopathologic features. A 62-year-old female consulted our clinic with the chief complaint of a left nasolabial mass of one-month history. The mass was located in the nasal cavity: from there it extended anteriorly to the anterior nasal spine, posteriorly to the end of the hard palate, and laterally to the maxillary sinus. The nasal septum was deviated to the right side due to the mass effect. Complete removal of the mass was conducted via the modified endoscopic Denker’s approach, and the diagnosis of CMF was established. During the 36-month follow-up, no recurrence was observed.
Study of a piscian cestode, Probothriocephalus pathakpuraensis, n.sp. from
Mastacembelus armatus from Pathakpura Orai, district Jalaun (U.P.) India
Authors: Pathak Alok , Srivastav A.K.
Published: December 2023

Twenty five fishes, Mastacembelus armatus were examined at Pathakpura, Orai, district Jalaun (U.P.) India. Seven alike cestodes were reported in it’s intestine. After morphological study of the worm we reached on the conclusion that present species differs from all known species of genus Probothriocephalus in the presence of internal and external seminal vesicles, testes in four bands located in partly cortical and partly medullary regions which cross the ventral longitudinal excretory canals and prominent mehlis gland.
FUTBOLCULARDA FONKSİYONEL HAREKET ANALİZ SKORLARI İLE KOŞU PERFORMANSLARI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Barışcan , SANGÜN Levent
Published: December 2023

Araştırmanın amacı, Futbolcularda Fonksiyonel hareket analiz (FHA) skorları ile koşu performansları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Çalışmaya 29 gönüllü erkek futbolcu katılmıştır. Araştırma 24 saat aralıkla 2 oturumdan oluşmuştur. İlk oturumda FHA, 10-30 m ve Illionis testleri uygulanmıştır. İkinci oturumda 6x35 m RAST testi uygulanmıştır. FHA ile 10-30 m, Illionis ve tekrarlı sprint performansları arasındaki ilişki Spearman korelasyon katsayısı ile belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, FHA skorunun koşu performansları üzerindeki etkisi doğrusal regresyon analizi ile tespit edilmiştir. Futbolcuların 10 m 1,70±0,23 sn, 30 m 4,02±0,04 sn ve Illinois koşu performansları 15,06±1,13 sn olarak bulunmuştur. Tekrarlı sprint performanslarında en iyi sprint zamanı 4,58±0,30 sn ve ortalama sprint zamanı 5,53±0,63 sn olarak bulunmuştur. FHA toplam skoru ile 10 m (r=-0,592), 30 m (r=-0,574), Illionis (r=-0,531), en iyi sprint zamanı (r=-0,447) ve ortalama sprint zamanı (r=-0,482) arasında anlamlı düzeyde negatif bir ilişki bulunmuştur (p<0,01). ILL ile 10 m (r=-0,577), 30 m (r=-0,391), Illionis (r=-0,607) ortalama sprint zamanı (r=-0,416) arasında ayrıca ASLR ile 10 m (r=-0,448) arasında anlamlı düzeyde negatif bir ilişki bulunmuştur (p<0,01). Ayrıca, FHA skorundaki bir birimlik artışın 10 m (0,07 sls), 30 m (0,01 sls), Illionis (0,04 sls), En iyi (0,07 sls) ve Ortalama sprint zamanı (0,17 sls) saniye koşu performanslarını etkilediği saptanmıştır (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak FHA toplam skoru azaldıkça futbolcuların 10-30 m sürat, tekrarlı sprint ve çeviklik performanslarının olumsuz yönde etkilendiği, bu durumunda performans düşüşüne sebep olabileceği düşünülmektedir.
İNTERNET BAĞIMLILIĞININ AKADEMİK ERTELEME DAVRANIŞI ÜZERİNDEKİ YORDAYICI ETKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: UĞRAŞ Sinan , MERGAN Barış , AKTAŞ ÜSTÜN Neslişah
Published: December 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı internet bağımlılığının akademik erteleme üzerindeki yordayıcı etkisini incelemektir. Araştırma nicel araştırma modellerinden ilişkisel tarama modeli ile tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan demografik bilgi formunun yanı sıra akademik erteleme ölçeği ve Young internet bağımlılığı testi veri toplama aracı olarak kullanılmıştır. Araştırma grubunu spor bilimleri fakültesinde öğrenim görmekte olan 139 erkek ve 156 erkek olmak üzere toplam 295 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Öğrencilerden elde edilen verilerin istatistiki işlemleri için uygun olan istatistiksel program kullanılmıştır. Öğrencilerin akademik erteleme davranışları ile internet bağımlılıkları yaş ve cinsiyet değişkenlerine göre anlamlı olarak farklılık göstermemektedir. Öğrencilerin akademik erteleme ve internet bağımlığı puan ortalamaları internet kullanımı tercihleri değişkenine göre anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmiştir. Kadın öğrencilerin akademik erteleme (x̄=3,793) ve internet bağımlılık puan (x̄=3,713) ortalamalarının erkek öğrencilere göre daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin günlük internet kullanım süreleri arttıkça internet bağımlılığı ve akademik erteleme puan ortalamalarının arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmanın önemli sonuçlarından biri de internet bağımlılığı ve akademik erteleme arasında orta düzeyde pozitifi yönlü bir ilişkinin olması ve internet bağımlılığının akademik erteleme üzerinde yordayıcı etkisidir.
FUTBOLDA SINIRLI OYUN ALANININ DERİNLİK VE GENİŞLİĞİNİN FİZYOLOJİK PARAMETRELERE VE TEKNİK AKSİYONLARA ETKİSİ
Authors: ARGUZ Abdullah , GÜVEN Faruk , ERKMEN Nurtekin
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, geniş ve uzun saha boyutları kullanılarak oynanan sınırlı alan oyunlarının (SAO) futboldaki fizyolojik parametreler ve teknik eylemler üzerinde bir etkisi olup olmadığını bulmaktır. On altı amatör erkek futbolcu gönüllülük esasına göre çalışmaya alınmıştır. Oyuncular antrenörlerinin görüşleri ve Yo-Yo testi sonuçlarına göre 4 kişilik takımlara ayrılmıştır. Çalışma 2 farklı SAO şeklinde uygulanmıştır: SAOGeniş (26 m uzunluk ve 34 m genişlik) ve SAOUzun (34 m uzunluk ve 26 m genişlik). Oyuncular, her biri 3 set x 6 dakikalık SAO'ları, aralarında 3 dakikalık pasif toparlanma ile uyguladılar. Kalp atış hızı (KAH), kan laktatı ve Algılanan Efor Derecesi (AED) SAO'lardan önce ve sonra ölçülmüştür. Teknik aksiyonlar notasyon analizi ile belirlenmiştir. Son testte gruplar arasında KAH, kan laktatı ve AED açısından anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır. SAO'lardan sonra, KAH, kan laktatı ve AED hem SAOUzun hem de SAOGeniş'de istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde artmıştır. SAOGeniş'de top kapma sayısı SAOUzun'a göre istatistiksel olarak daha düşük olmasına rağmen, SAOUzun ve SAOGeniş arasında gol vuruşu, isabetli pas, hatalı pas, top sürme, ikili mücadele ve topa sahip olma sürelerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır. Sonuç olarak, antrenörler rakipten topu kaptıktan sonra hızlı hücum için (interception) çalışmalarında SAOGeniş'in yerine SAOUzun'u tercih edebilirler. SAOUzun ve SAOGeniş'in diğer değişkenler açısından etkisi konusunda daha fazla çalışmaya ihtiyaç olduğu görülmektedir.
Some Population Parameters of Picked Dogfish (Squalus acanthias L. 1758) Incidentally Captured in Commercial Fisheries in Southern Black Sea Shores and a First Record of Angular Roughshark (Oxynotus centrina, L. 1758) for Black Sea
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Süleyman , ÖZSANDIKÇI Uğur , DUYAR Hünkar Avni
Published: December 2023

The study, which aimed to determine some population parameters of picked dogfish (Squalus acanthias L. 1758) distributed in the Black Sea, was carried out in the five fishing seasons (between 2016 and 2023 years). The sharks draw attention as a bycatch for all fishing gear used in the Black Sea. In the study, total length (cm), weight (g) and sex (female/male) data were obtained from the sharks captured with all fishing gears (demersal trawl, midwater trawl, gillnets purse seine, turbot gillnets, trammel nets and bottom) used in commercial fishing activities in the Black Sea of Türkiye. A total of 576 specimens were collected all fishing gears during the sampling period. Length-weight relationship (LWR) was founded as W=0.0097L2.8521 (R2 =0.9854) for all the picked dogfish. Also, mean total length 48.9±0.707 cm respectively. In addition, the first record of the angular roughshark (Oxynotus centrina, L. 1758) species was given for the Black Sea coasts, which originated in the western Atlantic, was seen in the Mediterranean, Aegean Sea and the Marmara Sea of Türkiye. The shark, which was accidentally caught with a purse seine net, measured as 33.5 cm in total length and weighed 585 g.
Green Marketing Strategies and Climate Change Awareness in Sustainable Transportation: The Case of Airline Companies
Authors: KOÇ Elif
Published: December 2023

The aviation industry contributes significantly to global greenhouse gas emissions, thereby contributing to the phenomenon of climate change. Green marketing strategies, which integrate environmental considerations into marketing practices, have emerged as a potential solution for reducing the environmental impact of airlines. This study’s primary objective is to examine how airline companies address the challenges of climate change, sustainability, and green marketing in the transportation sector. The investigation utilized qualitative analysis, employing the MAXQDA-20 program to meticulously examine a variety of corporate documents, including sustainability reports, business reports, and investor presentations, to gain insight into how these companies address critical sustainability challenges and promote environmentally responsible practices. The findings emphasize the substantial overlap between climate change and sustainability-related topics, emphasizing their interdependence in academic discourse and business practices. The study illuminates the crucial role of green marketing in promoting eco-friendly travel options to consumers, suggesting that it can boost a company’s reputation, appeal to environmentally conscious consumers, and contribute to a more sustainable future. This study offers valuable insights into the transportation sector’s efforts to comply with sustainability-related regulations, particularly the carbon tax, while also offering insights into future strategies.
Investigation of the Use of Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Techniques in Maritime Studies With Prisma Method
Authors: KODAK Gizem
Published: December 2023

Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques make it possible to reach the optimal solution among different criteria and priorities with their dynamic processes. The ability to analyse big data, use integrated techniques, respond to complex problems in terms of quantitative and qualitative criteria, and structure the result as a repeatable process for different decision makers makes these techniques an increasingly attractive source of reference. MCDM techniques are used in many different fields of science today. One of them is maritime studies. In the current maritime curriculum, the fact that decision-making is among the minimum requirements at both operational and management levels in deck and engine departments draws attention to the importance of the subject in maritime terms. At this point, investigating the use of multi-criteria decision-making techniques in the maritime field on a global scale will contribute to the literature. In this study, the use of MCDM techniques in maritime has been investigated with the PRISMA method. The findings contribute to the scientific literature by revealing the use of multi-criteria decision-making techniques in maritime, their change over time and their main fields of study. With the results obtained, it is aimed to reveal the profile of a methodological concept used globally in maritime studies and to serve as a reference for future studies. Given the evolving landscape of maritime publications utilizing the MCDM technique, the study results will be an incentive to explore potential avenues for future methodological advances.
Heidegger'de Sanat Eserinin Diyalektiği
Authors: KAYA Ekin
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışma, Heidegger’in sanat felsefesinde sanat eserinin kökeni sorusuna ve sanat eserinin Heidegger’de hakikatin mevcudiyeti olması fikrine odaklanmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı, sanat eserinde mevcudiyete gelen hakikatin yine eserde bir süreç olarak ‘olup bitmesi’nin diyalektiğini göstermeye çalışmaktır. Bu çerçevede çalışma, Batı metafiziğine ve bu metafiziğe dayanan felsefi estetiğe getirdiği eleştirilerinden hareketle Heidegger’in sanat eserinin kökeni sorusu açıklanmaya çalışılacaktır. Bu ise, Heidegger’in Batı metafiziğinin özne-nesne ayrımı aşmak için temel’e, Varlık’a geri dönen ve buradan hareketle onun Hakikat anlayışını yeniden tanımlayan ontolojisini açıklamayı gerektirir. Çünkü Heidegger için sanat eseri Hakikatin Güzelllik olarak açığa çıkmasıdır. Bu çalışma sanat eserinde hakikatin açığa çıkışının diyalektiğini ve onun tarihsel insan varoluşuyla ilişkisini göstermeye çalışacaktır.
Exploring the Efficacy of Base Data Augmentation Methods in Deep Learning-Based Radiograph Classification of Knee Joint Osteoarthritis
Authors: Prezja Fabi , Annala Leevi , Kiiskinen Sampsa , Ojala Timo
Published: December 2023

Diagnosing knee joint osteoarthritis (KOA), a major cause of disability worldwide, is challenging due to subtle radiographic indicators and the varied progression of the disease. Using deep learning for KOA diagnosis requires broad, comprehensive datasets. However, obtaining these datasets poses significant challenges due to patient privacy and data collection restrictions. Additive data augmentation, which enhances data variability, emerges as a promising solution. Yet, it’s unclear which augmentation techniques are most effective for KOA. Our study explored data augmentation methods, including adversarial techniques. We used strategies like horizontal cropping and region of interest (ROI) extraction, alongside adversarial methods such as noise injection and ROI removal. Interestingly, rotations improved performance, while methods like horizontal split were less effective. We discovered potential confounding regions using adversarial augmentation, shown in our models’ accurate classification of extreme KOA grades, even without the knee joint. This indicated a potential model bias towards irrelevant radiographic features. Removing the knee joint paradoxically increased accuracy in classifying early-stage KOA. Grad-CAM visualizations helped elucidate these effects. Our study contributed to the field by pinpointing augmentation techniques that either improve or impede model performance, in addition to recognizing potential confounding regions within radiographic images of knee osteoarthritis.
A System Dynamics Perspective on Workplace Spirituality and Employee Behavior
Authors: Iqbal Salman , Bureš Vladimír , Zanker Marek , Abdullah Muhammad , Tootell Beth
Published: December 2023

Purpose: This paper seeks to explore the influence of workplace spirituality on employee behavior within organizational settings. Design: Systems thinking is used to explore various interrelated concepts of workplace spirituality (WPS). This study delves into the intricate interactions between WPS and its impact on employee behavior. By highlighting the significance of WPS, the research establishes a foundation for fostering innovation and creativity, facilitating meaningful connections among employees within organizations. Additionally, WPS plays a crucial role in reducing workplace incivility. Causal Loop Diagrams (CLDs) as part of a systems thinking approach are utilized to visually depict the complex interplay of variables and feedback loops within organizations, offering insights into polarities and presenting a long-term perspective on how spiritual initiatives affect the workplace. Results: The findings indicate that WPS assists employees in comprehending their roles, enhancing productivity, increasing motivation, and fostering job satisfaction. Furthermore, WPS contributes to improved employee engagement, satisfaction, and decision-making. Significance: The research underscores the explicit involvement of employees in achieving favorable outcomes and enhances our understanding of the perceptions held by employers and employees regarding their roles and engagement. The study suggests that enhancing employees’ performance is achievable in workplaces where individuals comprehend their roles and align them with the job objectives. Novelty: This paper is unique in two aspects. Firstly, it strives to integrate the fragmented and diverse literature on the outcomes of WPS using a systems thinking approach. Secondly, it raises awareness, particularly in developing countries like Pakistan, regarding the importance of incorporating organizational capabilities into organizational practices.
Research on the Motion and Dynamic Characteristics of the Hose-and-Drogue System under Bow Wave
Authors: Zheng Chunjie , Wang Haitao , Hu Lanxiang , Cai Yuanli
Published: December 2023

To study the hose-and-drogue system’s motion under bow waves, this paper established a dynamic model of the hose-and-drogue system based on the multibody dynamics theory and the rigid ball-and-rod model. The wake of a tanker aircraft was taken into account in the simulation. The simulation results conformed to the general laws and verified the model’s accuracy. The equilibrium positions of the hose-and-drogue system were computed by the linear superposition of the bow waves and wake. The motion of the hose-and-drogue system was simulated and analyzed when a receiver aircraft moved at a constant speed or accelerated relative to the tanker aircraft. Since the receiver aircraft would not immediately stop after docking, the pulling force changes on the hose with and without a reel were compared. The present results are essential for improving the success rate of aerial refueling and ensuring the safety and stability of the hose-and-drogue system.
An Unsteady Reynolds–Averaged Navier–Stokes–Large Eddy Simulation Study of Propeller–Airframe Interaction in Distributed Electric Propulsion
Authors: Walvekar Omkar , Chakravarthy Satyanarayanan
Published: December 2023

A conceptual framework is presented to determine the improvement in the aerodynamic performance of a canard aircraft fitted with distributed propellers along its main wing. A preliminary study is described with four airframe–propeller configurations predominantly studied in academic and commercial designs. The leading edge–based tractors and trailing edge–based pushers are identified as configurations of interest for the main study. Subsequently, a Navier–Stokes solver is used to simulate the flow using two numerical approaches–a modified steady-state actuator disk and an unsteady rotating propeller profile. Moving meshes with rotating sub-domains are used with a hybrid RANS-LES-based turbulence model while the actuator disks are modified to include viscous swirl effects. The preliminary study shows a local minimum in the change in CL and CD at 10∘ for the pusher and tractor configurations. The main study then demonstrates the outperformance of the pushers over tractors quantified using CL and CL/CD. There is a clear preference for the pushers as they increase the lifting capacity of the aircraft without disproportionately increasing the drag due to the flow smoothening by the suction of the pusher propellers over the main wing. The pushers also delay the separation of the boundary layer whereas the tractors are unable to prevent the formation of the separation bubble despite injecting momentum through their slipstreams into the flow. The results from the two numerical approaches are then compared for accuracy in designing DEP configurations for an airframe.
Effect of Short Day and Low Temperature at the Nursery Stage on the Inflorescence and Yield of Six Different Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Dutch.) Cultivars in a Soilless Culture System
Authors: Choi Su-Hyun , Kim Dae-Young , Kim Seolah , Gil Chan Saem
Published: December 2023

In Korea, the majority of strawberry cultivation follows a forcing culture, where planting occurs in mid-September after the flower differentiation, and harvesting begins at the end of November. October and November constitute off-season, resulting in higher prices. The accelerated forcing culture involves artificially promoting flower differentiation to expedite strawberry harvest. This study aimed to identify the most suitable schedule for strawberry cultivation using the short-day and low-temperature treatments through greenhouse environmental control during the nursery stage. The selection of the most suitable cultivars for accelerated forcing culture among Korean breeding cultivars (‘Sulhyang’, ‘Kuemsil’, ‘Kingsberry’, ‘Vitaberry’, ‘Jukhyang’, and ‘Altaking’) was also part of the objectives. The nursery treatments were initiated on 4 July, 14 July, and 25 July. After approximately 5 weeks of treatment, transplanting was carried out. The control group was transplanted on 15 September. When night-chilling nursery treatment was applied on 4 July, followed by transplanting on 11 August, all six cultivars exhibited flowering earlier compared to the control group, leading to increased early yield. Particularly, the ‘Sulhyang’ cultivar showed the highest marketable yield at 68.6 g per plant in October. This research contributes to identifying the nursery cultivation schedule for off-season strawberry production and selecting suitable cultivars, and is expected to contribute to increased farm income.
Research on Blockchain-Based Cereal and Oil Video Surveillance Abnormal Data Storage
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Cui Guangyuan , Ge Hongyi , Jiang Yuying , Wu Xuyang , Sun Zhenyu , Jia Zhiyuan
Published: December 2023

Cereal and oil video surveillance data play a vital role in food traceability, which not only helps to ensure the quality and safety of food, but also helps to improve the efficiency and transparency of the supply chain. Traditional video surveillance systems mainly adopt a centralized storage mode, which is characterized by the deployment of multiple monitoring nodes and a large amount of data storage. It is difficult to guarantee the data security, and there is an urgent need for a solution that can achieve the safe and efficient storage of cereal and oil video surveillance data. This study proposes a blockchain-based abnormal data storage model for cereal and oil video surveillance. The model introduces a deep learning algorithm to process the cereal and oil video surveillance data, obtaining images with abnormal behavior from the monitoring data. The data are stored on a blockchain after hash operation, and InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) is used as a secondary database to store video data and alleviate the storage pressure on the blockchain. The experimental results show that the model achieves the safe and efficient storage of cereal and oil video surveillance data, providing strong support for the sustainable development of the cereal and oil industry.
Optimizing Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) Seed Yield through Agronomic Parameter Modeling via Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Mohammadi Mirik Aliakbar , Parsaeian Mahdieh , Rohani Abbas , Lawson Shaneka
Published: December 2023

Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.), a globally cultivated oilseed crop in high demand, is the focal point of our efforts aimed at improving yield production. The achievement of robust yield outcomes relies on the intricate interplay of various agronomic traits. This study, conducted over two years at a research farm in Iran, presents a comprehensive analysis evaluating diverse agronomic characteristics inherent to different linseed cultivars and hybrids. Essential parameters, including days to emergence, days to flowering, plant height, number of branches, number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule, 1000-seed weight, and seed yield per plant, were examined. For predictive insights into seed yield, machine learning techniques, specifically multilayer perceptron (MLP) and multiple linear regression (MLR), were employed. The analysis of contribution percentages for each agronomic variable to linseed seed yield revealed that the number of capsules per plant emerged as the most influential factor, contributing 30.7% among the considered variables. The results indicated the superiority of MLP over MLR, with RMSE and MAPE values equaling 0.062 g/plant and 3.585%, respectively. Additionally, R2 values for training, validation, and test phases exceeded 0.97. Consequently, MLP served as a merit function in the genetic algorithm (GA), targeting the identification of optimal trait levels to maximize linseed yield. The optimization outcomes demonstrated the potential achievement of a yield of 4.40 g/plant. To attain this performance, a set of agronomic characteristic values was proposed by GA, initiating a discussion on genetic modification possibilities. The findings of this study highlight the remarkable efficacy of machine learning tools, particularly neural networks, when paired with evolutionary optimization techniques such as genetic algorithms. These methodologies prove to be invaluable assets in aiding biotechnologists as they strive to enhance the genetic makeup of products for various applications, providing unwavering reliability and invaluable guidance in the pursuit of genetic modification endeavors.
Selected Characteristics of Multifloral Honeys from North-Eastern Romania
Authors: Albu Aida , Simeanu Cristina , Pop Ioan Mircea , Pui Aurel , Tarcău Doina , Cucu-Man Simona-Maria
Published: December 2023

The aim of this research was to evaluate some characteristics (moisture, total solid substances, specific gravity, pH, FA, ash, electrical conductivity, TPC and TFC, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus, zinc, copper, manganese, nickel, cobalt, and lead) of fifteen multifloral honey samples. The quality of the investigated honey was confirmed by the obtained results: moisture, FA, and EC values were below the limit value regulated by the legislation. The average content of total polyphenols and total flavonoids of 29.91 mg GAE/100 g and 2.13 mg QE/100 g confirm the antioxidant properties of honey. Determination of minerals showed that potassium (101.4–1212.6 mg kg−1) was the most abundant mineral in honey, followed by sodium (40.7–302.3 mg kg−1) and calcium (41.8–230.9 mg kg−1). Lead was found in two samples, with a content under the limit stipulation by legislation; nickel was found in one sample of 0.10 mg kg−1, and the content of cobalt was below the detection limit. Significant correlations (p < 0.001) were observed between mm Pfund and electrical conductivity, TPC, TFC, P, Ca, and Zn; strong correlations (p < 0.001) were between electrical conductivity with Ash, TPC, TFC, K, and P. FTIR analysis confirmed the differences obtained by analyzing multifloral honey samples.
Inclusion of Dried Black Soldier Fly Larvae in Free-Range Laying Hen Diets: Effects on Production Efficiency, Feed Safety, Blood Metabolites, and Hen Health
Authors: Bejaei Masoumeh , Cheng Kimberly M.
Published: December 2023

Identifying alternative feedstuffs to replace conventional nutrient sources in poultry diets is crucial to supplying the growing demand for animal feed. A 17-week-long feeding experiment with three diets, including 0% (control), 10%, and 18% full-fat dried black soldier fly larvae (DBSFL), was conducted to evaluate the production efficiency and feed safety of using the larvae for partial (50%) and full (100%) substitutions of soybean meal and 90% replacement of soybean oil in free-range laying hen diets. Thirty hens (18–36 weeks old) were housed in two mobile poultry trailers per treatment level. The weight gain of hens, their feed intake, egg production, egg weights, feed conversion ratios, bird welfare parameters, hematology and blood metabolites, fecal microbiology, and digestive tract weights were examined. Control hens had higher weight gains, laid more and bigger eggs while consuming less feed, and had lower feed conversion ratios than 18% DBSFL hens. However, the production performances of 10% DBSFL hens were not significantly different from the control in many of the parameters considered (e.g., hen-day egg production or HDEP). In conclusion, partial replacement of soybean meal and oil with DBSFL in layer diets maintains production efficiency, feed safety, and hen health and welfare status.
Assessment of the Lithuanian Pig Farming Sector via Prospective Farm Size
Authors: Galnaitytė Aistė , Kriščiukaitienė Irena , Namiotko Virginia , Dabkienė Vida
Published: December 2023

Scientists, politicians, and practitioners are debating the current structure of pig farms in Lithuania, as medium and small farms have almost disappeared over the past decade. The debated problem is whether the revitalization of medium and small pig farms would sustainably contribute to self-sufficiency in pork production. Therefore, this research aims to determine which farms in terms of size could offer the best prospect for Lithuania. In order to achieve this aim, the multicriteria evaluation method TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution) was used. The production and economic indicators of the Lithuanian pig farming sector in Lithuania and in the context of the selected EU countries of Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Estonia, Spain, France, Latvia, Netherlands, Austria, and Poland were analyzed. The main research period was 2004–2022. The multicriteria evaluation led to the conclusion that Danish pig farms were the best-managed. Large industrial farms were found to dominate in that country. Large pig farms (approximately two thousand sows) appeared as the best prospect in Lithuania: they took first place in the years examined (2016–2021). The criterion estimate of their assessed indicators was much higher than that of the medium (100 sows) and small (20 sows) farms. The main reasons are significantly higher labor productivity, lower cost, lower price, and better production indicators. Large pig farms generate relatively higher incomes and can meet the increasing environmental requirements and devote a larger part of the income to wages. Further research should consider the European Green Deal and the Farm to Fork Strategy, which are of great importance to farms and policymakers.
Impact of Biochar Dose and Origin on Winter Wheat Grain Quality and Quantity
Authors: Wyzińska Marta , Berbeć Adam Kleofas , Grabiński Jerzy
Published: December 2023

The agricultural application of biocarbons (biochar) derived from different biomass sources in the process of pyrolysis is a promising solution for crop productivity and quality, soil health improvement, and carbon sequestration. In a three-year study, the effects of low doses of biochar (1 t∙ha−1 and 3 t∙ha−1) of different origins on winter wheat grain quantity and quality were tested. Six different biochar types were used: biochar derived from wheat husk (WHB), (2) extracted medical plant biomass biochar (MPB), (3) wood chip biochar (WCB), (4) wood sawdust biochar (SB), (5) biochar made from straw of rye (RSB), and (6) meat and bone biochar (MBMB). Higher doses of biocarbon had a positive effect only on wet gluten content. The use of different types of biochar showed a significant impact on grain parameters; however, the results were different in different years of this study. Among the tested biochars, SB (Saw Dust biochar) showed rather good results for most of the parameters tested (the highest grain yield in 2018, the highest weight of 1000 g in 2019, the lowest wet gluten content and gluten index in 2020, the lowest falling number in 2019, and the highest Zellenys index in 2019). MBMB biochar was one of the highest yielders in 2018, had the highest wet gluten content in 2018, and the highest gluten index in 2019 and 2020; the lowest Zelleny’s sedimentation index in 2019; and one of the lowest in 2020. Those made SB and MBMB the most promising biochars tested in this study.
A Non-Contact and Fast Estimating Method for Respiration Rate of Cows Using Machine Vision
Authors: Wang Xiaoshuai , Chen Binghong , Yang Ruimin , Liu Kai , Cuan Kaixuan , Cao Mengbing
Published: December 2023

Detecting respiration rate (RR) is a promising and practical heat stress diagnostic method for cows, with significant potential benefits for dairy operations in monitoring thermal conditions and managing cooling treatments. Currently, the optical flow method is widely employed for automatic video-based RR estimation. However, the optical flow-based approach for RR estimation can be time-consuming and susceptible to interference from various unrelated cow movements, such as rising, lying down, and body shaking. The aim of this study was to propose a novel optical flow-based algorithm for remotely and rapidly detecting the respiration rate of cows in free stalls. To accomplish this, we initially collected 250 sixty-second video episodes from a commercial dairy farm, which included some episodes with interfering motions. We manually observed the respiration rate for each episode, considering it as the ground truth RR. The analysis revealed that certain cow movements, including posture changes and body shaking, introduced noise that compromises the precision of RR detection. To address this issue, we implemented noise filters, with the Butterworth filter proving highly effective in mitigating noise resulting from cow movements. The selection of the region of interest was found to have a substantial impact on the accuracy of RR detection. Opting for the central region was recommended for optimal results. The comparison between the RR estimated by the modified cow respiration rate (MCRR) algorithm and the ground truth RR showed a good agreement with a mean absolute relative error of 7.6 ± 8.9% and a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.86. Additionally, the results also indicated that reducing the original frame rate from 25 to 5 frames per second and adjusting the image pixel size from 630 × 450 to 79 × 57 pixels notably reduced computational time from 39.8 to 2.8 s, albeit with a slight increase in mean absolute relative error to 8.0 ± 9.0%.
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Nitrogen Utilization, Yield and Quality Respond to Nitrogen Application Level with Center Pivot Fertigation System
Authors: Wang Yunling , Li Maona , Guo Jiali , Yan Haijun
Published: December 2023

Nitrogen (N) application with a center-pivot fertigation system is commonly used for alfalfa production in the North China Plain, with its barren soil, but improper N application has resulted in lower N use efficiency and even negative effects on yield and quality. The effects of N application levels on soil NO3−-N content, nitrogen utilization, yield and quality of alfalfa at various cuttings and established years were evaluated under sprinkler fertigation to optimize the N application schedule. Four N application levels of 0, 12.5, 25 and 37.5 kg N ha−1 (N0, N1, N2 and N3) for each cutting were applied to alfalfa at the early vegetative stage from the first to third year after establishment. The results showed that the variation in soil NO3−-N content was mainly concentrated in the topsoil (0–40 cm) after N application via sprinkler fertigation. N uptake amount was dramatically improved through the N application for one-year-old alfalfa. Compared to the yield under the N0 treatment, the N application significantly improved the yield of alfalfa at the first two cuttings in the first year. The N use efficiency generally reached a high value with a low N application level. N application had an insignificant effect on the alfalfa quality classification during the three years. For obtaining high yield, quality and N use efficiency of alfalfa planted in the North China Plain, the N application level is recommended as 12.5 kg N ha−1 at the first cutting and 37.5 kg N ha−1 at the second cutting for one-year-old alfalfa.
Study on the Growth Dynamics of Tartary Buckwheat Flowers and Grains, as Well as Material Basis and Physiological Changes of Their Seed-Setting Differences
Authors: Cheng Ting , Wang Qiang , Ma Chengrui , Gan Zhen , Wan Yan , Ye Xueling , Liu Changying , Zou Xin , Zhang Jieyu , Guo Yangyang , Guo Laichun , Xiang Dabing
Published: December 2023

Tartary buckwheat is a cereal crop that has both medicinal and food origins. However, the underlying factors that contribute to Tartary buckwheat’s flowering and seed-setting characteristics, effective grain formation, and physiological changes are still not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the flowering and seed-setting characteristics of different parts of Tartary buckwheat, as well as the grain-filling characteristics after flowering. To achieve this, Tartary buckwheat cultivars with high (QK3) and low (XQ2) seed-setting rates were selected for pot and field experiments. The study found that Tartary buckwheat undergoes flowering and seed setting simultaneously. Many wilted flowers and grains were observed 45 and 51 d after flowering. Compared to XQ2, QK3 exhibited a higher grain formation rate and seed-setting rate by 7.42% and 26.16%, respectively. Additionally, QK3 had a significantly lower grain abortion rate by 12.03%. The 1000-grain weight and average grain-filling rate of QK3 were 11.10% and 14.81% higher than those of XQ2, respectively. QK3 exhibited a faster maximum grain-filling rate (Rmax), reaching 18.38% faster than XQ2. Additionally, the dry matter average distribution rate in the main stem and branched grains of QK3 was 13.26% and 23.07% higher than that of XQ2, respectively. The sucrose concentration, SS, and SSS enzyme activities of QK3 were all higher than those of XQ2, by 0.29–25.99%, 5.22–11.62%, and 6.64–12.47%, respectively. Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between sucrose, soluble sugar, and starch concentration during the grain formation process and SS and SSS activities. This suggests that the levels of SS, SSS, soluble sugar, and sucrose in the grain play a crucial role in grain filling.
Municipal Solid Waste Management in a Decentralized Composting Scenario: Assessment of the Process Reproducibility and Quality of the Obtained Composts
Authors: Álvarez-Alonso Cristina , Pérez-Murcia María Dolores , Sánchez-Méndez Silvia , Martínez-Sabater Encarnación , Irigoyen Ignacio , López Marga , Nogués Isabel , Paredes Concepción , Orden Luciano , García-Rández Ana , Bustamante María Ángeles
Published: December 2023

Over the last several years, the models for organic waste management have changed to implement circular economy in the productive cycle. In this context, new scenarios have emerged, where the management of different organic waste streams by composting is conducted with decentralized models that manage organic wastes in a more local way. However, in these new models, the standardization of the process control and of the end-product characteristics is necessary to guarantee the quality and agronomic value of the compost obtained, avoiding potential risks for human health and the environment. Thus, the aim of this work was to study two different scenarios of community composting of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste separately collected in order to guarantee the effectiveness and reproducibility of the composting processes and the quality of the composts obtained. For this, the development of the process and the characteristics of the composts at agronomic, hygienic–sanitary and environmental levels were assessed in real conditions and during three cycles of the process. The results obtained show high similarity among the different composting cycles, indicating an important degree of reproducibility among the processes. In addition, the composts obtained showed a good sanitary quality, absence of phytotoxicity and low contents of potentially toxic elements, which guarantee their use in agriculture without posing any risk to human health and to the environment.
Variations in Casein Genes Are Associated with Milk Protein and Fat Contents in Sarda Goats (Capra hircus), with an Important Role of CSN1S2 for Milk Yield
Authors: Dettori Maria Luisa , Pazzola Michele , Noce Antonia , Landi Vincenzo , Vacca Giuseppe Massimo
Published: December 2023

This work aimed to assess the variability of casein genes in a population of 153 bucks and 825 lactating does of the Sarda breed, and to perform association analysis between polymorphic sites and milk yield and composition traits. To genotype the casein genes, we chose an SNP panel including 44 SNPs mapping to the four casein genes CSN1S1, CSN2, CSN1S2, and CSN3. Genotyping (made by KASP™ genotyping assay, based on competitive allele-specific PCR) revealed the high variability of the Sarda goat, and haplotype analysis revealed linkage disequilibrium (LD) between CSN1S1 and CSN2 genes, in addition to two LD blocks within the CSN1S2 and two LD blocks within the CSN3 gene, in bucks and does. Association analysis revealed that variability at all four casein genes was associated with milk protein content, total solids, and milk energy. The three Ca-sensitive casein genes were associated with lipid content, and CSN1S2 showed a unique pattern, with intron variants associated with milk yield, in addition to milk pH, NaCl, and SCS (Somatic Cell Score). This information might prove useful in selection schemes and in future investigations aiming to better understand the biology of lactation, and the direct link between genotype and phenotype.
Growth Performance, Metabolomics, and Microbiome Responses of Weaned Pigs Fed Diets Containing Growth-Promoting Antibiotics and Various Feed Additives
Authors: Trudeau Michaela P. , Mosher Wes , Tran Huyen , de Rodas Brenda , Karnezos Theodore P. , Urriola Pedro E. , Gomez Andres , Saqui-Salces Milena , Chen Chi , Shurson Gerald C.
Published: December 2023

The objective of this study was to determine the potential biological mechanisms of improved growth performance associated with potential changes in the metabolic profiles and intestinal microbiome composition of weaned pigs fed various feed additives. Three separate 42 day experiments were conducted to evaluate the following dietary treatments: chlortetracycline and sulfamethazine (PC), herbal blends, turmeric, garlic, bitter orange extract, sweet orange extract, volatile and semi-volatile milk-derived substances, yeast nucleotide, and cell wall products, compared with feeding a non-supplemented diet (NC). In all three experiments, only pigs fed PC had improved (p < 0.05) ADG and ADFI compared with pigs fed NC. No differences in metabolome and microbiome responses were observed between feed additive treatments and NC. None of the feed additives affected alpha or beta microbiome diversity in the ileum and cecum, but the abundance of specific bacterial taxa was affected by some dietary treatments. Except for feeding antibiotics, none of the other feed additives were effective in improving growth performance or significantly altering the metabolomic profiles, but some additives (e.g., herbal blends and garlic) increased (p < 0.05) the relative abundance of potentially protective bacterial genera that may be beneficial during disease challenge in weaned pigs.