bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transitioning the Waldorf Seventh-day Adventist Church to an Integrated Multiethnic/Multicultural Ministry
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Feitosa Kleyton
Published: June 2023

Problem Charles County, Maryland, is an ethnically and culturally diverse community. The only two Seventh-day Adventist churches in the county are mono-ethnic – one White and one African-American – and do not reflect the multiethnic composition of the community. In the beginning of this study the Waldorf Church had the following ethnic composition: 81% White and 19% of all other major ethnic groups. According to the U.S. Census Bureau (2008), Waldorf city was made up of 40.6% White and 59.4% of all other groups combined. In light of this reality, being a monoethnic White church presented significant church growth challenges in this extremely multiethnic/multicultural community. Methodology The methodology of this project was to design and implement a strategy that would help the Waldorf SDA Church to effectively adapt to, connect with, and evangelize the multiethnic/multicultural population of Waldorf. The strategy aimed (a) to transition the church from monoethnic to multiethnic, (b) foster church growth, and (c) to build up a multiethnic church that was integrated whereby the church will be attractive, inclusive, and responsive to people of different ethnic or cultural backgrounds. This was accomplished by six strategic steps: (a) Sermon Series, (b) Integrated Small Group Ministries, (c) Community Service, (d) Diverse Leaders, (e) A Second Worship Service, and (f) A Church Plant. Furthermore, surveys were conducted to measure the degree of ethnicity in the congregation at multiple times during the project. Also worship attendance was taken every Sabbath for the entire duration of the project providing data for church growth analyses. Results The results were positive and encouraging. The church transitioned from a single ethnic majority of 81% to a diverse church with no ethnic group representing 50% or more of the worship attendance. Also, there was impressive and unprecedented church growth. During the time of the project the church experienced a 65.5% growth in attendance. These first two objectives, ethnic transition and numeric growth, were accomplished successfully. The third objective – integration – however, was achieved for a while but not throughout the entire project. More work needs to be done in this area. Conclusions Transitioning the Waldorf Church from a monoethnic to a multiethnic congregation in order to reflect the tremendous diversity of the city of Waldorf proved to be a true blessing to the church. The transition brought a new ethnic and cultural identity that better reflected the local community. Also, the project facilitated unprecedented numeric growth, which helped the church to move from stagnation to a vibrant diverse group of members. As a result, physical expansion was needed and a new church building has been built to better accommodate worshipers.
The Melodic Structure And Form Of Norwegian Lullabies (Bansuller) From The Valleys Of Valdres, Gudbrandsdalen, And Osterdalen
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Lundstrom Elbjorg
Published: June 2023

Problem This study analyzes a significant group of lullabies collected from three of the principal valleys in Norway. A detailed analysis may show the extent of centonization within the lullabies and may reveal aspects of the tonal inflection of these melodies. Method This study gives a general description of the lullaby. It also presents an annotated listing of collections and a summary of previous studies done in this area. With the help of traditional techniques and computer technology, the motives from 154 melodies were analyzed. Results The analysis resulted in the discovery that the lullabies consist to a large degree of certain motives that are common to all three valleys. However the melodies from each valley have certain characteristics which are unique to that valley or which appeared very seldom in the other two valleys. Conclusions To a large extent these lullabies utilize the technique of centonization and heave their own tonal inflection.
Effects of Illustrations on Retention and Visual Attention Using Authentic Textbooks
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Fagioli Loris
Published: June 2023

Problem The purpose of this exploratory study was to validate a model of multimedia learning, incorporating learner-specific characteristics such as intelligence, memory, and measures of visual attention. Method The sample consisted of 62 Andrews University students (26 males, 36 females, and mean age 21.7). Data were gathered by means of standardized testing (RPM, WAIS- III) and eye-tracking. MLR was used to determine significant visual attention predictors for retention and SEM was used to test a hypothesized model of multimedia learning. Results Multiple Linear Regression was significant (p.05; GFI = .923; CFI = .986; RMSEA = .043; PGFI = .451) proving the hypothesized model’s excellent fit to the data. Conclusions This exploratory study indicates that there are different learning strategies in a college population that are not related to characteristics such as intelligence or working memory. These strategies are learned or acquired and have thus clear implications for practice.
Reproductive Success of Gulls in the Larus Glaucescens-occidentalis Complex on Protection Island, Washington
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Megna Libby
Published: June 2023

Glaucous-winged Gulls (Larus glaucescens) and Western Gulls (Larus occidentalis) hybridize extensively where their ranges meet along the coasts of Washington and Oregon, producing a continuum of phenotypic intergrades between the two parental species. Previous work has shown that hybrids can experience greater reproductive success than parental types by combining adaptive behaviors, such as nest site selection, of both parental species, although success of hybrids may be affected by shifts in the ecotone between marine upwelling and non-upwelling environments. I investigated whether there is a correlation between phenotype, reproductive success, and nest site choice for gulls in Protection Island National Wildlife Refuge, Washington. I examined plumage melanism and bare part coloration in the field to determine a hybrid index for each bird sampled; indices for each member of a sample pair were summed to produce a pair index. Nests were monitored until eggs hatched; nest habitat was recorded as sheltered or unsheltered. Sheltered nests contained larger clutches and exhibited better hatching success but choice of nest habitat was not associated with hybrid index. Pair index was correlated with mass of the third egg of the clutch, with more Western Gulllike pairs producing smaller eggs. However, hybrid index was not significantly correlated with clutch size or hatching success. The distance of an index to the mode of the distribution of indices also was not correlated significantly with clutch size or hatching success; that is, the most abundant phenotypes on the colony were not significantly more or less successful than any other phenotypes.
A Descriptive Study of the Kinetic Family Drawings of Children from Catholic, Lutheran, and Seventh-day Adventist Religious Backgrounds
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Monttinen Anne-Maria
Published: June 2023

Problem. The purpose of this study was to describe the symbols and actions children from religious backgrounds include in their Kinetic Family Drawings. Method The sample consisted of 172 children 9 to 12 years of age from 9 randomly selected Catholic, Lutheran, and Seventh-day Adventist elementary schools in Berrien County, Michigan. Each child made a Kinetic Family Drawing and answered a brief questionnaire. Findings 1. Approximately 12% of children from religious backgrounds included religious symbols or actions in their KFDs. 2. Boys and girls from religious backgrounds drew the same kinds of symbols but different actions in their KFDs. 3. Elementary school children from different religious backgrounds included the same kinds of symbols and actions in their Kinetic Family Drawings, but with different frequencies.
An Investigation of the Relationship Between Learning-style and Temperament of Senior High-school Students in the Bahamas and Jamaica
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Roberts Owen
Published: June 2023

Problem: The purpose of this study was to determine whether senior high-school students’ temperaments are considered a significant factor which affect their learning style. Method: An ex-post facto research design was used. Two standardized instruments (Learning Style and Temperament inventories) were administered to a total of 326 senior high-school students in the Bahamas and Jamaica. Results: 1. Significant correlations were found between the scales of the Learning Style and Temperament inventories. 2. Each temperament type is characterized by a linear combination of learning-style variables. 3. Differences exist between (a) males and females on the learning style variables, and (b) Bahamian and Jamaican students on the learning-style and temperament variables. 4. A significant canonical correlation exists between the scales of Temperament and Learning Style inventories. Conclusions: 1. Students can identify their preferred style of learning. 2. Students’ learning-style is a function of their temperament type. 3. Sex differentiation should be considered when applying learning-styles to individualized and group instructions. 4. Demographic differences between the Bahamian and Jamaican students contributed to the differences in learning-styles and temperaments.
Features of Copulation and the Copulation Call in Glaucous-winged Gulls (larus Glaucescens)
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Sandler Amanda
Published: June 2023

Glaucous-winged gulls (Larus glaucescens) breed along the Pacific Northwest coast where they perform highly stereotypical behavior patterns, including associated vocalizations. Early studies suggested the copulation call functions in maintaining pair bonds. Recent studies, however, challenge the idea that strengthening pair bonds is the only function of this call. I described the spectral and temporal features of the copulation call and investigated whether copulation behaviors varied over the course of the 2012 nesting season. During continuous observations from a blind in daylight hours, I documented the start and stop time for every copulation in a sample area of a nesting colony on Protection Island, Washington for three weeks during the copulation and egg-laying stage of the breeding season. I determined the average fundamental frequency, syllable duration, syllable interval, call duration, and number of harmonics of the copulation call for gulls in the sample area. An increase in mount duration was associated with an increase in day of year and a decrease in wind speed. An increase in mount interval was associated with an increase in time of day, barometric pressure, solar elevation, and a decrease in solar radiation and colony occupancy. The description of the temporal and spectral features for the copulation call established the foundation upon which future work on Glaucous-winged Gull copulation behavior can be built.
Evaluating Hypotheses That Explain Non-continuous Responses to Syllable Periods ("Skipping") During Phonotaxis by Female Acheta Domesticus
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Steely Tori
Published: June 2023

One way to classify female cricket phonotactic response is as "non-skipping" or "skipping." "Skipping" is defined as crickets that respond to a non-continuous range of calling songs. This investigation evaluates the temporal aspects of typical phonotactic protocols and attempts to determine if "skipping" is due to a filtering mechanism or if "skipping" is an artifact of testing protocol. Rather than a notch filter or testing parameters inhibiting a phonotactic response to a syllable period within the range of a band pass filter, I hypothesize that "skipping" occurs as a result of the probabilistic nature of phonotaxis.
The Psycho-physiological Effects of Volume, Pitch, Harmony and Rhythm in the Development of Western Art Music Implications for a Philosophy of Music History
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Stefani Wolfgang
Published: June 2023

Problem Contemporary Christian churches have a growing concern over music ethics. A more objective standard than personal taste and opinion is needed to evaluate and assess both art music and popular music. The purpose of this present study was to determine a philosophy of music history on which an objective standard can be based. The study also investigated the expressive function of music. Method Two fields of investigation in music scholarship were correlated — the history of stylistic and instrumental development in Western art music and the scientific study of the psychophysiological effects of music on the human organism. Results Scientific research demonstrates that the musical elements of pitch, volume, harmony, and rhythm elicit psycho-physiological responses in the human organism. Throughout the history of stylistic and instrumental development in Western art music these elements have been developed in such away as to have an increasingly potent impact on the human organism. Thus, a definite trend to increase the stimulative potential of Western art music was traced. This trend permeates the entire fabric of Western art music development and evidence for it is exhibited on both the micro and macro levels of music development. Consistently linked to this trend is a desire for greater emotional expression, a move toward increased individualism and freedom in musical composition, and a gradual shift in orientation from sacred to secular music. Conclusion The history of musical development in Western culture is not a static system in which all elements maintain a dynamic equilibrium. The historical facts and scientific data only allow for a directional philosophy of music history. When aligned with similar trends in the music of two ancient cultures, the process of desensitization, scientific research in to the psycho-physiological effects of music, and the Biblical account of the nature of man, the weight of evidence suggests that the trend is indicative of a decline. It is therefore proposed that the historical trend itself becomes a guideline for judging the relative equality of particular stylistic features. As such it provides a consistent and objective standard by which to evaluate all music.
The Origin and Transmission of the Alphabet
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Azevedo Joaquim
Published: June 2023

Problem The origin of the alphabet has been a puzzle for scholars since Herodotus. Although there are today many theories concerning the origin and transmission of the alphabet to the Greeks, this subject is ctill debated. New archeological findings are brought to light every year, and the increase of knowledge of the script used in the Mediterranean world may support or oppose the current hypotheses. Therefore this subject should be reviewed anew in the light of these facts. Methodology A review of selected literature was made to determine the actual state of this subject. A paleographic study was done, based on paleographic materials found in the area under study. Conclusions The Pseudo-Hieroglyph script was the mediator between the Egyptian Hieroglyphs and the Proto-Canaanite alphabet, and the transmission of the alphabet to the Greeks took place in three progressive stages.
hcnABC Gene Expression in the Soil Bacterium Pseudomonas putida ATH2-IRI/9 Under Various Culture and Rhizosphere Conditions
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Biswas Myrna
Published: June 2023

Pseudomonas putida ATH2-1RI/9, a bacterium that colonizes plant roots, can suppress weed seedling growth of velvetleaf by producing hydrogen cyanide in the rhizosphere. The operon hcnABC constitutively expresses HCN synthase, an enzyme which catalyzes glycine to form carbon dioxide and hydrogen cyanide, a secondary metabolite. Cyanogenesis is influenced by several environmental factors including iron, phosphate, and oxygen-limiting conditions. This study used a hcnABC::luxAB gene fusion in Pseudomonas putida ATH2-1RI/9 involving the insertion of a promoterless luxAB gene into the hcnABC operon, which results in bacterial luciferase expression instead of HCN synthase. Bioluminescence by this reporter strain was compared to cyanide production by the wild-type P. putida ATH2-1RI/9. The reporter strain, Pseudomonas putida ATH2-1RI/9, was grown in four different cultures as well as rhizosphere conditions: aerobic +FeCl3, microaerobic +FeCl3, aerobic –FeCl3, and microaerobic –FeCl3. In two of three experiments, aerobic+FeCl3 stationary phase cultures had statistically higher levels of HCN in comparison to log phase cultures. In two of three of the culture experiments, microaerobic+FeCl3 log phase cultures had statistically higher levels of gene expression in comparison to the other three treatment groups. A possible explanation for this result is that the anaerobic regulator ANR, which acts as an iron sensor in the hcnABC operon, converts to its active form under low oxygen supply. The effect of iron and oxygen levels on bioluminescence and cyanide production in the rhizosphere was less clear. Further research in the rhizosphere environment will clarify some of the unknown variables that could have been involved in triggering the hcnABC gene expression of this soil microbe Pseudomonas putida ATH2-1RI/9.
Quantum Reality: Some Implications for Christian Theology
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Choo Charles
Published: June 2023

Problem Science (and also the myths concerning science) plays a dom inant role in contem porary society. In this study, the epistemological implications of quantum physics were investigated in order to clear aw ay some of the m yths concerning science. Method Q uantum mechanics was studied. After analyzing the basic postulates of quantum mechanics, several interpretations of the theory were examined. From quantum mechanics and its interpretations several epistemological implications were drawn. Results Several m yths concerning science were identified. These include perm anence of science, reductionism, determinism, absoluteness of logic, subject-object dichotomy, and the reality of the objects of a scientific model. Conclusions It is important for theologians to be aware of the myths concerning science. The main benefit of quantum mechanics for theologians is in clearing away these myths from the metaphysical conceptual space of theology.
The Implications of the Arad Temple for the Question of Dating P
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Da Silva Jorge
Published: June 2023

Purpose The P material— writings and traditions— has generally been dated mainly on the basis of literary analysis of the Hebrew Bible. This study seeks to determine the implications of the Arad temple— which constitutes a body of non-literary, archaeological evidence— for the question of dating P. Methodology The P Tabernacle, the Solomonic Temple— and those Canaanite temples which are comparable to them— are typologically analyzed in order to identify the most probable determinants of the Arad temple traits. A review of selected critical literature is made in order to determine the prevailing theories on the date of P and how the finds from Tel Arad relate to them. Conclusions There are more parallels between the Arad temple and the P Tabernacle than between them and any other temple in Syro-Palestine, including the Solomonic Temple. The evidence suggests that the P traditions provided the basic criteria for selecting the traits of the Arad temple. Considering that the Arad temple was built in the tenth century B.C., it is concluded that the P traditions originated sometime prior to that date.
Toward a Biblical View of Collective Responsibility for the Seventh-day Adventist Church in the Twenty-first Century
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Danihel Miroslav
Published: June 2023

The notion of collective responsibility is an issue that is not very popular in the postmodern society. However, the idea of collective responsibility can be found in the Bible. This thesis examines philosophical, ethical, and biblical sources on the subject. The biblical evidence focuses on examining Josh 7 and Ezek 18, as well as some of the New Testament contributions to the topic. The relationship between collective responsibility, collective personality, and collective punishment is discussed. The thesis acknowledges collective responsibility as a valid biblical doctrine and proposes its application for church members, leaders, and the decision-making process in the Seventh-day Adventist church in the twenty-first century.
A Survey of Selected Aspects of the Practice of Ecclesiastical Appointment in the New Testament, Early Christian, and Seventh-day Adventist Church
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, du Preez Gerald
Published: June 2023

Problem Seventh-day Adventists claim that their doctrines are Bible-based. The question is asked whether the same holds true for their practice of appointing ministers. This study exéunines and compares aspects of ecclesiastical appointment in the New Testament, Early Christian, and the Seventh-day Adventist Church. Method The New Testament passages pertaining to ecclesiastical appointment were surveyed, incorporating brief exegeses and word studies. Selected writings of the Early Church and the early history of the Seventh-day Adventist Church, were also examined. Conclusions The Bible does not appear to present a definitive pattern on the practice of ecclesiastical appointment. The concept of "ordination" appears to have evolved to reflect the practices of the latter part of Early Church history. It seems as though the early Seventh-day Adventist Church adopted a system of "credentialing" and "ordination" for pragmatic reasons. This system more closely approximates the pattern found in the Early Church than that found in the New Testament.
Military Service--a Comparative Study Between the New Testament Teaching and the Attitude of German Adventists
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Hartlapp Johannes
Published: June 2023

Problem When World War I broke out German Adventists were obliged to make a basic decision regarding their military service. Their readiness to do active service in the German forces resulted in considerable damage to their relations with the General Conference and Adventists in other countries. Method In comparing documents and reconstructing historical events this thesis tries to discover the former position of German Adventists on military service and how it changed. Historical documents are examined to determine whether or not they support the supposedly traditional Seventh-day Adventist stance on non-combatancy. Results The pragmatic decision of the Germans must be seen as a result of their fear of state sanctions. Their attempts to establish a sound theological basis to underpin their decision remain unconvincing and can be no more generalized dogmatically than the non-combatant position born in a democratic environment. Conclusions The position regarding military service can be determined only by the individual's sense of responsibility arising from the peace commandment of the Lord.
The Final Generation: a Descriptive Account of the Development of a Significant Aspect of M.l. Andreasen's Eschatology as Related to His Treatment of the Sanctuary Doctrine Between 1924-1937
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Haynes Dwight
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the chronological development of Milian Lauritz Andreasen's final-generation theology and its connection within his treatment of the doctrine of the sanctuary during the years of 1924-1937. The final generation consists of individuals who attain character perfection. They endure the time of trouble. Andreasen declares that because God has reproduced the character of His Son in them perfectly, they possess the attitude whereby they would rather die than sin. The final-generation possesses the Holy Spirit in its fullness after Christ leaves the Most Holy Place. Andreasen is explicit that the Christian victory experience of the finai-generation to triumph in the postprobationary time of trouble is the work of God in them. It was God's self-given task and essential to the plan of salvation that He vindicate Himself before the universe from the accusation of Satan that fallen humanity cannot keep God's law.
Nature as a Biblical Hermeneutic Device: the Role and Use of Light in the Experience and Writings of Ellen G. White
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Sands William
Published: June 2023

Problem In Seventh-day Adventism Ellen G. White is a key figure. Debate exists over whether she did serious biblical exegesis, engaged in proof-text eisegesis, or did only thematic homiletics. Method Selections of White's writings were approached using Dr. Douglas Waterhouse's biblical hermeneutic in which ritual, nature, and cosmos are three levels of meaning revealed in sound biblical exegesis. From the various aspects of nature, light was selected. Life Sketches and Earlv Writings were the source of autobiographical data. The parable of the Ten Virgins as interpreted in Christ's Object Lessons was the case study. Results White does homiletics which are faithful to the canons of responsible biblical exegesis. Waterhouse's hermeneutic assisted in the understanding of White's exegesis of the Ten Virgins, providing explanations of connections between believer, heavenly sanctuary, Holy Spirit, and the two anointed ones.
Eficacia Na Formacao De Lideres De Pequenos Grupos Na Uniao Nordeste Brasileira
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Silva Moises
Published: June 2023

Problem The purpose of this study was to identify factors that answered the question of why are the majority ministers of the Brazilian Northeast Region not excited about the work of the small groups, even having known their work for 15 years. Method It is a quantitative survey, conducted during a ministerial council in 2013. It is an anonymous and objective survey. Results The ministers of the União Nordeste Brasileira have been working with small groups since the start of their ministry, except those who have been ministers for over 20 years. Many ministers began their involvement with small groups before completing their theology degrees. Many ministers gave up working with the small groups and started working with them again with a renewed vision from 2013 onward. They gave up their devotion to the mobilization and structuring of the church into small groups, even understanding that this is a biblical and prophetic vision. Conclusions It was possible to understand the difficulties that the ministers faced with regard to the small groups. They reported a multiplication of tasks and dates, and lack of experience from the field administration. They understood the small groups as important but not a priority. And the most important aspects: if there was focus and priorities, they would lead a church using the small groups as a base for their actions.
Expression and Characterization of ECM14, a Metallocarboxypeptidase from Saccharomyces Cerevisiae
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Schott Matthew
Published: June 2023

Metallocarboxypeptidases are found in most organisms and function in the digestion and maturation of proteins. Ecm14 is a putative metallocarboxypeptidase found in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae vacuole. The function of Ecm14 as an enzyme has been unclear due to the presence of active site amino acids not typically found in metallocarboxypeptidases, suggesting either no enzymatic activity or a unique mechanism. In order to investigate the enzymatic mechanism of Ecm14, expression of histidine-tagged Ecm14 protein was attempted in human HEK293T cell culture, S. cerevisiae, and baculovirus expression systems. No expression was detected in HEK293T cells in preliminary experiments. Expression in the yeast system resulted in insolubility of Ecm14, regardless of induction time, temperature, or inducer concentration. In contrast, following expression of Ecm14 in Sf9 cells using the baculovirus system, approximately 31% of Ecm14 was soluble and detected as a 40 kDa histidine-tagged protein by western blotting. Sf9-expressed Ecm14 was purified using metal affinity chromatography. No enzymatic activity could be detected for purified Ecm14 in the presence of substrate consisting of chromogenic 3-(2-furyl) acryloyl conjugated to a C-terminal dipeptide, PhePhe. Activation of Ecm14 by enzymatic removal of the prodomain was successful with the addition of chymotrypsin. Ecm14 cleaved of its prodomain showed activity in the presence of the above substrate with a preference for substrate at a pH of 6.0, similar to the known pH of the yeast vacuole. Ecm14 showed activity towards substrate proportional to the amount of enzyme present, suggesting that Ecm14 is non-catalytic in activity. Ecm14 can bind to substrate and limit the activity of a carboxypeptidase with known activity, CPA1, indicating that Ecm14 binds and cleaves but does not release the cleavage products.
Profile of Graduates of Adventist Latin American Seminary of Theology in Brazil: A Study to Develop a Selection Process of Pastors for Ministry at the Brazilian Northwestern Union
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Zahn Gilmar
Published: June 2023

Purpose To characterize and evaluate the profile of theology course trainees in Brazil as compared to the profile required for the exercise of pastoral ministry in the UNoB. Method Research of a qualitative nature, carried out by means of structured interviews with undergraduated students of the Latin American Theology Seminary (Seminário Latino Americano de Teologia–SALT) in a total of 11 interviews with students who are Brazilian, both married and unmarried, born into the church or converted. Data from the registrar offices of the associations and institutions that compose the UNoB were also consulted. Results The interviewees had left professional careers or had arrived directly from middle school. During the course, they were faced with financial difficulties. They demonstrated that they were well versed in the practices and doctrines as well as aware of the mission to which they had dedicated themselves. There is a general consensus of mission and sacrifice though some confusion related to distinguishing the functions in regards to the profiles of the pastor and the missionary. Few were willing to submit to the mission field. They have a practical vision of the future and understand that they may even dissociate themselves from the intended ideal however they believe that God will take care of them if they are faithful. Family appears to be a deciding factor in the choice and permanence in mission fields and, if there are issues in the family relationship, there is a pre-disposition to leave the region in order to preserve the stability of the family. Conclusion In light of the profile presented, a questionnaire was elaborated as an instrument of selection and hiring of pastors by the UNoB. The necessity of interviewing the wife of the candidate was also indicated, due to the strong influence of the family in the decision to remain in the mission fields or not.
Regulation of Fatty Acid Biosynthesis by Physical Exercise Mechanisms of Inhibition
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Francis Rita
Published: June 2023

In partially purified cell-free extracts of rat liver, nonexhaustive, daily exercise results in a 40 to 90% inhibition of FAB by decreasing the catalytic activity of acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC), the rate-limiting enzyme in the de novo FAB pathway in vitro. ACC inhibitory mechanisms are postulated to include: phosphorylation of ACC and production of a noncompetitive inhibitory substance. Data obtained after purification of rat liver ACC to homogeneity suggest that decreased ACC activity in exercised rats cannot be attributed to the well-documented control of ACC by reversible phosphorylation, but are more likely due to the presence of a noncompetitive inhibitory substance located in the partially purified cell-free extract of rat liver.
In-Vitro Evaluation of Anticancer and Antibacterial Properties of Pseudocerastes Persicus Snake Venom Fractions
Authors:   Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Imam Hosein University, Tehran ,Iran, Zargan Jamil , Mirzaei Nodushan Majid ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Imam Hosein University, Tehran ,Iran, Sobati Hossein ,   Health and Nutrition Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran., Noormohammadi Ashkan Haji ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Imam Hosein University, Tehran ,Iran, Goodarzi Hamidreza ,   Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran, Ebrahimi Firouz ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Imam Hosein University, Tehran ,Iran
Published: June 2023

Background and Objectives In recent years the isolation of effective molecules from snake venom as drug to treatment of some incurable diseases is considered by many biological research centers. The aim of this investigation was to determine electrophorotic and chromatographic patterns of Pseudocerastes persicus venom and in-vitro study of bactericidal and anti-cancer properties of its fractions in human hepatocellular liver carcinoma cell line (HepG2). Subjects and Methods The fractions of venom were isolated and collected using preparative RP-HPLC. The Bactericidal activity of fractions in 20μg/ml of protein concentration was investigated toward Gramnegative and Gram-positive bacteria using MTT and MIC assays. Then, the cytotoxic effects of fractions with higher antibacterial properties were measured by MTT reduction, neutral uptake and comet assays following exposure of HepG2 cancer cells to 20 and 40 μg/ml of protein concentration. Results SDS-PAGE pattern of the crude venom revealed 10 major bands with molecular weight ranging from 13.2 to 99.25 kDa and the separation of fractions from the venom by HPLC resulted in collection of 11 different fractions. The results of this study showed that two fractions (4 & 8) have a significant antibacterial activity against Gram-positive as compared to Gram- negative bacteria. The study of the anti-cancer effect of these two fractions also showed that fraction 8 was more toxic in HepG2 cells. Conclusion We for the first time reported bactericidal and anti cancer effects of isolated fractions of Persian horned viper venom. These properties make components of these fractions a favorable source for isolation of molecule (s) with antibacterial and anti tumor activities.
Comparing the Recognition of Stop Consonants in Persian Between Adults Aged 30-39 and 40-49 Years
Authors:   Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Mohammadzadeh Ali , Dehghan Ahmadabad Ali ,   Department of Speech & Language Pathology, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran, Sharafi Zahra ,   Department of Audiology, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran, Hamzehpour Farzad ,   Department of Audiology, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
Published: June 2023

Background and Objectives Due to the improvement of living conditions in recent decades, there is an important issue called quality of life (QoL). One of the important factors that affect the QoL is the ability to communicate with others. Everyday communication is usually interfered by noise. Consonants play an important role in understanding the meaning of words. Since stop consonants are dependent on the following vowels, they are more vulnerable to the masking effects of noise. The present study aims to evaluate the effect of age, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and concurrent vowels on the recognition of stop consonants in Persian. Subjects and Methods The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 60 adults with normal hearing in two age groups of 30-39 and 40-49 years. After the auditory and speech assessments, the recognition of stop consonants in the form of consonant-vowel-consonant syllables and in the presence of babble noise at three SNRs was compared between two age groups. Results The difference in the recognition score of stop consonants was significant between two age groups at the SNRs of 0, -5, and -10. There was also a significant difference between the two age groups regarding the recognition of stop consonants in the presence of some vowels at three SNRs. Conclusion With increasing age, the recognition ability of stop consonants in the presence of babble noises decreases. Increasing noise also reduces the recognition of stop consonants, especially those with some vowels.
Comparing of The Effect of Long-Term Caffeine Consumption Combined With Aerobic Exercise on Serum Interleukin-6 Level and Body Composition in Obese Men
Authors:   Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran, Rasoulpour Jamal , Gharani Hadi ,   Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Lorestan University, Lorestan, Iran, Zinvand Lourestani Aziz ,   Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran, Taeid Vahid ,   Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran, Zoalfaghari MohammadReza ,   Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran, Espandar Najmedin ,   Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran, Shirazd Jalal ,   Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
Published: June 2023

Background and Objectives Caffeine is a purine alkaloid with anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study aims to evaluate the effect of long-term caffeine consumption and aerobic exercise on serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) level and body composition in obese men. Subjects and Methods In this quasi-experimental study, 40 obese men (Mean age=32.8±2.74 years, body mass index=30.98±1.37 kg/m2) were randomly divided into four Group of 10 including placebo, supplementation, placebo + exercise, and supplementation + exercise. The aerobic exercise program included running for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week, each for 25-45 minutes with an intensity of 55-85% of the maximum heart rate. The supplementation group received 500 mg caffeine daily and the placebo group received 500 mg capsules of 2% maltodextrin. Blood samples were taken following 12 hours of fasting before and 48 hours after the last training session to measure IL-6 level. Data were analyzed using oneway ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test. The significance level was set 0.05. Results In the exercise+supplementation and placebo+exercise groups significant decreases were reported in the serum level of IL-6 compared to the supplementation and placebo groups in the post-test phase (P<0.05). There was also a significant decrease in body composition of groups placebo+exercise, exercise+supplementation, and supplementation compared to placebo group in the post-test phase (P<0.05). Conclusion Aerobic exercise alone and in combination with long-term caffeine consumption can reduce IL-6 level and improve body composition in obese people.
The First Endoscopic Diverticulectomy for a Large Zenker’s Esophageal Diverticula in Southwest of Iran: A Case Report
Authors:   Alimentary Tract Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Cinical Research Development Unit, The School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, Alavinejad Pezhman , Sattari Azam ,   Alimentary Tract Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Cinical Research Development Unit, The School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, Mohammadi Samira ,   Alimentary Tract Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Cinical Research Development Unit, The School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
Published: June 2023

In this case report study, the patient was a 95-year-old woman who was referred to the health center due to inability to swallow liquids and solids for 6 months. After determining the cause of dysphagia due to a large Zenker’s diverticulum in the initial part of the esophagus, and the inability of patient to tolerate surgery due to her age and general deterioration, she underwent the endoscopic diverticulectomy. Under a two-hour endoscopic surgery, the wall of the cricopharyngeal muscle was first identified and diverticulectomy was performed by cutting the muscle with an endoscopic needle knife, using the Olympus flexible endoscope and closing the surgery site with clips. There were no complications during or after the surgery. The patient was kept fasting for 48 hours. After that, liquid feeding was started; 5 days later, the patient was discharged from the hospital with a good general condition and the ability to swallow food. This was the first case of endoscopic diverticulectomy in the southwest of Iran.
Frequency of Positive Lumbosacral MRI Results in Patients Ton-traumatic low Back Pain Based on the Specialty of the Referring Physician
Authors:   Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, Najarzadegan Fateme , Hajiahmadi Somayyeh ,   Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, Adibi Atoosa ,   Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Published: June 2023

Background and Objectives This study aims to assess the frequency of positive lumbosacral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results in patients with non-traumatic low back pain (LBP) based on the specialty of the referring physician. Subjects and Methods In this retrospective study, 335 patients with non-traumatic LBP aged >18 years participated. Their demographic information and MRI findings and the specialty of the referring physician were extracted and recorded from the imaging information system of a hospital. Frequency of positive lumbosacral MRI results based on the specialty of the referring physician were compared. To avoid bias, the MRIs with a same imaging protocol were selected, and reporting was done by a same radiologist. Results Of 335 patients, 145(43.3%) were male and 190(57.6%) were female. Among the referring physicians, 139(41.5%) were neurosurgeon, 114(34%) were orthopedists, 61(18.2%) were neurologists, and 21(6.3%) were physical medicine specialist. There was no significant difference in positive MRI results between different specialties of the referring physicians (P>0.05). Conclusion There is no difference in the frequency of positive lumbosacral MRI results in patients with non-traumatic LBP treated by orthopedics, neurologists, neurosurgeons, and physical medicine specialists.
Lavender Essential oil Compounds as Antagonists of NMDA Receptor Subunit NR2B: A Molecular Modeling and Experimental Study
Authors:   Department of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Geography and Environmental Planning, University of Sistan and Baluchistan, Zahedan, Iran, Ramezani Sadrollah , Shasaltaneh Marzieh Ddehghan ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran., Amiri Khorie Muhammad Mehdi ,   Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Club of Young and Elite Researchers, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Published: June 2023

Background and Objectives Herbal plants are an important source of novel chemical drugs with therapeutic effects. The present study aims to find the chemical compounds of the essential oil of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Miller) and assess their antagonistic effects on N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) subunit NR2B in the brain. Subjects and Methods The essential oil was first isolated by distillation method from flowering inflorescences of lavender. Then, their chemical compounds were identifies by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Molecular docking study and the evaluation of the molecular structures were carried out on 20 compounds. Pyrx software, version 4.0 in Autodock Vina was used to perform the molecular docking of 20 ligands with NMDAR. The molecular structures of compounds were evaluated in SwissADME website. Results In GC-MS, 41 active compounds were detected comprising 95.5% of the total essential oil of lavender plant. The highest amount was related to trans-carveol, followed by isopulegol, 1,3,8, -p-menthatriene, and isoborneol. In docking studies, results showed that the best ligands for binding to NMDAR included trans-carveol, isopulegol, and 1,3,8, -p-menthatriene which demonstrated the higher affinity to active site of the NMDAR. Ifenprodil, as an antagonist, shared common binding sites with camphor, thymol, alpha-phellandrene, limonene, gamma-3-carene, beta-thujone, trans-Carveol, beta-caryophyllene. Camphor, thymol, beta-thujone and trans-carveol had the highest gastrointestinal absorption, and transcarveol had the lowest binding energy to NMDAR. Conclusion Camphor, thymol, beta-thujone, and trans-carveol are potential compounds of lavender essential oil to inhibit NMDAR and improve learning and memory in neurodegenerative diseases.
Changes in Anterior Chamber Volume, Depth and Angle After Prophylactic Laser Peripheral Iridotomy in Patients With Primary Angle-closure Suspect
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Infectious Ophthalmologic Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, Farrahi Fereydoun , Ostadian Farshad ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Infectious Ophthalmologic Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, Farrahi Rooyan ,   Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
Published: June 2023

Background and Objectives This study aims to assess changes in anterior chamber parameters after prophylactic laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) in patients with primary angle-closure suspect (PACS). Subjects and Methods In this study, 43 patients (86 eyes) with PACS (Mean age: 55.16±9.14 years) participated. The anterior chamber parameters including anterior chamber volume (ACV), anterior chamber angle (ACA) and central anterior chamber depth (CACD) were extracted from the Pentacam map at 0-180° meridian before and one month after prophylactic LPI. Results The only parameter that had a significant increase after LPI was ACV, which increased from 99.26±19.57 mm3 to 113.09±19.712 mm3 after LPI (P<0.001). The relationship between age and ACV changes after LPI was statistically significant (P=0.014), indicating that the increase of age is associated with the increased of ACV after LPI. The relationship of ACV and ACD with their initial values was statistically significant, such that with the increase of the initial values of ACV and ACD, their changes decrease. Due to the lack of significant increase in CACD after LPI, the relationship between its changes after LPI and its initial value cannot be relied upon. Conclusion ACV is the only anterior chamber parameter that changes significantly after prophylactic LPI. This parameter can be used as a measurable scale to evaluate and monitor the eyes of patients with PACS. Among the PACS cases, older patients and patients with lower initial ACV have greater increase of ACV after LPI