bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Postural Analysis: Description of a Dedicated System - an Upgrade
Authors: Palandri Sergio
Published: July 2022

Background In June 2021 an aericle was published describing a possible ssystem to perform postural analysis. In six months use, the ssystem has more clarely showed its lights and shadows. So the author tought some improvements that are now ready to be applyed. This article will show them in details. Materials and Methods Upgrade interested both aspects close connected to the analysis and both connected to its management in indoor and outdoor location. Results First results obtained are interesting and encourage the use of the upgrades introduced. However a more long period of use is necessary to confirm first resultas. Conclusions Upgrading is a natural step in every life project. And it is made up not only by a single step. So also this system may be further improved with other upgrades in the future that ome from the comparison with other professionals.
Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis- A Series of two Cases and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Sharma Rajaram
Published: July 2022

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare and severe manifestation of chronic kidney inflammation that can be critical if not recognized and treated appropriately, often requires surgical intervention along with antibiotics. Most commonly presented in the fifth or sixth decade of life with a prior history of nephrolithiasis, obstructive uropathy, or recurrent urinary tract infections. Here, we discuss a 45-year-old male and a 73-year-old female who came with abdominal pain and weight loss for two months. An enlarged and distorted renal outline, with altered echotexture and calculus in renal pelvis was revealed on ultrasound examination. Abdominal computed tomography revealed staghorn renal calculi and thinning of renal cortex with involvement of adjacent structures.
A Case Report: Electrophysiological Findings in Degenerative Myopia
Authors: Başçiftçi Bilge
Published: July 2022

We report electrophysiological findings in a patient that has degenerative myopia. The visual acuity of a 48 years old male patient was counting fingers from 0.1 with refraction (-11.00, -1.00 x115) in the right eye and 0.6 with refraction (-5.00, -1.50 x35) in the left eye. Bilateral anterior segment examination was normal however; on the fundus examination, there were atrophic scar area in the macula and pigmented degenerative areas in the inferior on the right, while there were chorioretinal atrophy and degenerative areas in the peripheric retina on the left. Normal latency response was obtained in VEP. In the right eye, a low amplitude and long latency response was obtained with the 120' pattern, but no response was obtained with the other patterns. In the left eye, there was a response to patterns shrinking to 15', the p100 wave was minimally low for age, and its latency was within normal limits. 7' pattern could not be answered. With ERG, bilateral rod b wave responses were subnormal for age, and cone b wave responses were low. Oscillatory responses were obtained bilaterally low.
Management and Prevention of Sarcopenia in Era Covid-19
Authors: Finell Carmine
Published: July 2022

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare and severe manifestation of chronic kidney inflammation that can be critical if not recognized and treated appropriately, often requires surgical intervention along with antibiotics. Most commonly presented in the fifth or sixth decade of life with a prior history of nephrolithiasis, obstructive uropathy, or recurrent urinary tract infections. Here, we discuss a 45-year-old male and a 73-year-old female who came with abdominal pain and weight loss for two months. An enlarged and distorted renal outline, with altered echotexture and calculus in renal pelvis was revealed on ultrasound examination. Abdominal computed tomography revealed staghorn renal calculi and thinning of renal cortex with involvement of adjacent structures.
Stem Cell Therapy Modulates Cerebral Palsy: Case Report
Authors: Hamad Ahmad Mansour
Published: July 2022

A case of 9 years old Iraqi girl who had a moderate level of spastic cerebral palsy plus scissoring gait came to Al Zahrawy Center for Stem Cells in Baghdad in 2016. After proving diagnosis, the parents took their girl to distinctive pediatrics, orthopedics, physiotherapists, and neurologists. After a comprehensive check, we discussed the use of stem cells, the parents accepted and verbally consented. Later, after four sequential months of one injection per month of stem cells injections, the parents noticed gradual advancement of the mentioned girl state. Stem cell therapy modulates cerebral palsy, so we recommended it.
Functional foot correction is the basis of any therapy
Authors: Valentyn Gusyev
Published: July 2022

The main element that supports lymph and blood circulation in the body - the processes of cell metabolism, are musculoskeletal structures. This is indicated by human physiology, but this is not taken into account in the treatment - rehabilitation of the body. The skeleton must be considered not only as a system of levers and muscles that form our posture, but also as a set of movements that are laid down by nature to support the functioning of lymphatic and venous-muscle pumps. The paired muscles hold the bones of the skeleton in the so-called neutral stable position. This achieves the relative stability of the body, in which the General Center of Gravity (GCG) of the body constantly makes oscillations in the X-Y planes within 2-4 cm from its neutral position. So in a state of rest, cell nutrition is continuously maintained, and their decay products are excreted. Without muscle contraction, the respiratory, digestive, and thermoregulation systems would not work.
Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (Dhf)
Authors: Tabassum Khan Nida
Published: July 2022

Dengue fever frequencies have been on the ascent during the most recent couple of years. In 2012, there were a sum of 21,900 cases revealed, with 35 passing’s. This likened to around 76 occasions for each 100,000 people. Dengue fever is characterized with prominent signs such as stomach pain, mucosal bleeding, liver enlargement, hematocrit with diminishing platelets, plasma leakage, organ failure etc. Patients who recuperated rapidly were to have contracted dengue fever but with fewer symptoms. These patients reacted well to indicative treatment and liquid transfusions. In any case, extra disintegration of platelets was marked as extreme dengue, while recuperation was conceivable with legitimate and fast treatment
Arteria Lusoria: An Anatomical Curiosity and A Clinical Entity: About Three Case Reports
Authors: Alaoui-Inboui FZ.
Published: July 2022

Pulmonary vascular malformations are a set of abnormalities, some of which are quite common, as arteria lusoria. It is a congenital malformation in which the right subclavian artery does not come from the right brachiocephalic trunk, but originates directly from the left aortic arch, downstream from the other large arterial trunks.
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Neonates; a Real Diagnostic Dilemma!
Authors: S Bandara
Published: July 2022

Neonatal multisystem inflammatory syndrome is a potentially life threatening disease entity which was described following the global crisis of SARS-CoV-2 that still demands further evidence for a conclusive diagnosis. We report a group of neonates who admitted to our neonatal intensive care unit with predominantly cardiac manifestations were treated for early onset of sepsis and subsequently for Neonatal multisystem inflammatory syndrome ended up with a good survival outcome.
Case report: Epigastric abdominal pain from beverage ingestion of freshly squeezed juice of the Hardy Orange Flying Dragon plant (Poncirus trifoliata)
Authors: Espinosa James
Published: July 2022

We report the case of a 25-year-old male who presented to the Emergency Department (ED) with severe epigastric abdominal pain immediately after ingesting a freshly squeezed beverage form of Flying Dragon Hardy Orange plant (Poncirus trifoliata). Poisoncontrol was contacted and recommended symptomatic treatment only. The patient’s painresolved while in the emergency department. Seed and rind preparations have been used as an herbal remedy in East Asia. A number of research articles point to ongoing investigations into the antiinflammatory and possible antiviral properties of Poncirus species. Freshly squeezed Poncirus trifoliata can cause significant abdominal pain.
Case Report: Cold thermal injury and syncope from pressurized dust cleaning spray
Authors: Espinosa James
Published: July 2022

Here we present the case of a 21-year -old patient who huffed pressurized dust cleaning spray with subsequent syncope and cold thermal injury to her hands. Air spray cleaners contain halogenated gas, which serves as a propellent to blow dust from electrical and computer devices. The halogenated compound can cause euphoria and can be used as an inhaled abused substance. Use of such substances can be associated with syncope, sudden death, hypoxia and cold thermal injuries. Airway swelling has been reported. Orofacial and digital frostbite has been described as a clue to the detection of the use of such inhalants. An awareness of the association of halogenated gas with syncope and of the possibility of cold thermal injury can be very useful to the clinician.
De l’implantation embryonnaire au devenir obstétrical et néonatal, les coulisses de l’après FIV
Authors: Amirgholami S. , Delbaere A.
Published: July 2022

La procréation médicale assistée (PMA) s’est imposée dans le paysage de la santé reproductive au fil du temps. Dans cet article, nous proposons une revue des connaissances actuelles sur le devenir des grossesses et des nouveaunés issus de ces traitements. Les grossesses multiples constituent encore actuellement la complication majeure des traitements de fécondation in vitro (FIV) et la prévention de celles-ci reste une priorité. L’étude du devenir obstétrical et néonatal des grossesses singletons après FIV montre qu’elles sont associées à des issues défavorables spécifiques, qui semblent néanmoins s’atténuer au cours du temps. La congélation embryonnaire étant de plus en plus utilisée en PMA, l’article aborde plus spécifiquement la comparaison des issues des grossesses après transfert d’embryons frais et congelés, en dissociant les deux types de préparations endométriales habituellement utilisées pour le replacement des embryons congelés, le cycle spontané ou substitué. Les transferts d’embryons frais sont associés à un risque accru d’accouchement prématuré et de petit poids néonatal, alors que les transferts d’embryons congelés s’accompagnent d’une incidence accrue de prééclampsie, en particulier dans les cycles substitués ainsi que d’un risque augmenté de poids néonatal accru pour l’âge gestationnel et de macrosomie. Le climat hyperœstrogénique accompagnant la stimulation ovarienne lors des replacements embryonnaires frais pourrait interférer avec les premières étapes de la placentation et être associé avec une diminution du poids à la naissance. Des modifications épigénétiques liées au processus de congélation et décongélation embryonnaire ont également été évoquées comme hypothèse pour rendre compte de l’incidence accrue de macrosomie suite à un transfert d’embryon congelé. L’hypothèse généralement retenue pour expliquer l’incidence accrue de prééclampsie après replacement d’em-bryon congelé dans les cycles substitués est l’absence de corps jaune et donc de sécrétion de substances vasoactives telles que la relaxine jouant un rôle important dans les premières étapes de la placentation. Les pathologies hypertensives liées à la grossesse sont encore majorées dans les traitements avec recours au don d’ovocytes où l’embryon entièrement allogénique pourrait induire une réponse immunitaire maternelle altérée. L’évolution continue des techniques de PMA rend difficile l’extrapolation des données issues d’anciennes techniques à celles pratiquées à ce jour. Ceci encourage à poursuivre les études concernant tant les issues obstétricales et néonatales après FIV que le devenir à long terme des enfants issus de la FIV.
Effect of Papaya Leaf Extract Gel (Carica papaya) on Incision Wound Healing in Rattus norvegicus
Authors: Marlinawati Iin Tri , Nurhidayah Siti , Santoso Sanarto , Irwanto Yahya
Published: July 2022

Carica papaya is one kind of herbal plant that can help the wound healing process. Scientifically, the leaves of papaya are proven to have anti-inflammatory effects. Flavonoid, alkaloid, tannin, and saponin compounds in papaya leaves have antimicrobial and antioxidant properties to accelerate the re-epithelization and cell migration needed for wound healing. This research aims to determine the effect of papaya leaf extract gel (Carica papaya) on the healing of incision wounds in Rattus norvegicus based on changes in wound morphology (signs of redness, edema, pus, granulation, moisture, and wound length). This research used female Rattus norvegicus aged 12-16 weeks weighing 180-200 grams, divided into five groups (NaCl 0,9%, povidone-iodine, papaya leaf extract gel with concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30%). Incision wounds on the back of the rat with a length of 2 cm and depth of 1 cm. The normality test used the Shapiro-Wilk test, and the homogeneity test used the Levene test. The research data were not normally distributed nor homogeneous, so they were analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. The results showed that the extract of papaya leaves with concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30% had significant differences in positive and negative control groups in the wound healing process with the differences in redness (p=0.038), granulation tissue (p=0.039), moistures (0,48), and wound length (p=0,049). It can be concluded that papaya leaf extract gel (Carica papaya) is effective in accelerating the healing process of incision wounds in Rattus norwegicus at concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30%, so for further research, it is hoped that a histopathological examination can be carried out so that changes that occur in collagen, neutrophile cells, monocytes, and lymphocytes are seen.
Pragmatic Meaning-based within the Encyclopedic Meaning Frame
Authors: Abdulghany Suzan Saadulla , Wali Hazhar Hussein
Published: July 2022

لا تقتصر عناصر اللغة على الملفوظات المكونة للتراكيب اللغوية الاكبر حجما، ولا على قوالب مجسدة لمعاني محددة وجامدة حصراً، بل إنها تحتوى في احشائها على نوعية التفكير، المشاعر، الاحاسييس، التجارب و الرؤى المختلفة للانسان، وكذلك العادات و التقاليد الاجتماعية...الخ. يحتاج الوصول الى تلك الابعاد المختلفة تبني تفسير مختلف و غير تقليدي للمعنى على ان اللغة و المعنى اللغوي/ الحرفي ليست مرتبطة بالكفاية اللغوية وحدها، فهي غير مستقلة بذاتها، بل إنها تعتبر انعكاس الكفاية الادراكية للإنسان. ينظر علم اللغة الادراكي ضمن اطار علم الدلالة الادراكي الى المعنى من هذا المنظور، إذ إنه يرى ان للمعني طبيعة موسوعية التي تكمن فيها جميع انواع المعنى المصنفة من قبل المدارس الاخرى, ومن هنا يذهب علم اللغة الادراكيي الى عدم التفرقة بين المعنى الدلالي  و المعني التداولي /البراكماتيكي. من هذا المنطلق، تحاول هذه الدراسة المعنونة "ارتكازية المعنى التداولي في اطار المعنى الموسوعي" تفسير المعنى التداولى من منظور المعنى الموسوعي في اطار علم اللغة الادراكية.

 

پوختە

   یەکەکانى زمان تەنها دەربڕاوێک نین بۆ دروستکردنى پێکهاتەیەکى گەورەتر لە خۆیان و قاڵبێک بن هەڵگرى واتایەکى بەرجەستەى دیاریکراو بن، بەڵکو لە ناواخنیاندا جۆرى بیرکردنەوەو هەست و سۆزو ئەزموون و دونیابینى مرۆڤەکان و دابونەریتە کلتورى و کۆمەڵایەتییەکان و ... تاد هەڵگیراون. پەیپێبردن بەم لایەنە جیاوازانەش پێویستى بەوە هەیە، کە لێکدانەوەیەکى جیاواز لە لێکدانەوە چاولێکەرییەکان بۆ واتا بکرێت، بەوەى کە زمان و واتاى زمانى ڕەنگدانەوەى توانا درکپێکراوە گشتییەکانى مرۆڤە، نەک تەنها ئەو توانایانەى، کە تایبەتن بە زمان. زانستى زمانى درکپێکردن لە چێوەى سیمانتیکى درکپێکردندا لەم ڕوانگەیەوە لە واتا دەڕوانێت و  پێیوایە واتا سروشتێکى ئینسکلۆپیدیایى هەیە، لە نێو ئەو سروشتە ئینسکلۆپیدیایەیشدا هەموو ئەو چەشنانەى واتا، کە لە قوتابخانەکانى پێشتردا جیاکرابوونەوە، بوونیان هەیە. هەر لێرەشەوەیە زانستى زمانى درکپێکردن واتاى سیمانتیکى و واتاى پراگماتیکى لە یەکتر جیاناکاتەوە.
Examples of the Application of Jurisprudence of Precaution in the Holy Quran
Authors: Saeed Sabah Star , Abdel Rahman Abdel Salam Fateh
Published: July 2022

هذه الدراسة بعنوان : نماذج مختارة من تطبيقات فقه الاحتياط في القرآن الكريم ، تبحث عن مدى تأثير القاعدة المذكورة في الأحكام الفقهية المستنبطة في القرآن الكريم في باب العبادات والمعاملات والأحوال الشخصية .

وعليه بنيتُ الدراسة على ثلاثة مباحث ، حيث تناولتُ في المبحث الأول التعريف بمصطلحات الموضوع ، وخصصتُ المبحث الثاني لبيان نمازج من تطبيقات فقه الاحتياط في القرآن الكريم في باب العبادات ، وأما المبحث الثالث فجعلته لبعض التطبيقات لقاعدة الاحتياط في القرآن الكريم في بابي المعاملات والأحوال الشخصية .

توصلت الدراسة إلى نتائج أهمها أنّ قاعدة الاحتياط أصل تضافرت الأدلة الشرعية على اعتبارها والأخذ بها ، ولا يكاد باب من أبواب الفقه يخلو منها ، لذلك فهي مسلك كثير من العلماء في كثير من الأحكام ، كما أوصت الدراسة بضرورة اهتمام المفتين بقاعدة الاحتياط في زمن كثرفيه الفتن والتهاون في الدين .

 

پوختە

ئەم توێژینەوەیە بەناونیشانی: (چەند نموونەیەکی هەڵبژێردراو لەسەر جێبەجێکی فیقهی ئیحتیات لەقورئانی پێرۆزدا) ، دەکۆڵێتەوە لەڕێژەی کاریگەری یاسای ئيحتيات بەسەر ئەحکامە فیقهیەکانەوە ئەوانەی کەهەڵهێنجراون لەقورئانی پیرۆز لەبەشی عیبادەت ومامەڵە وباری کەسیەتیدا .

لەسەر ئەم بنەمایە ئەم توێژینەوەم دابەش کردووە بەسەر سێ بەشدا ، بەشێوەیەك لەبەشی یەکەم دا پێناسەی دەستەواژەکانی ناونیشانی بابەتەکەم کردووە ، وبەشی دووەمم تایبەت کردووە بەڕوونکردنەوەی هەندێ بابەتی فیقهی بەرمەبنای یاسای ناوبراو لەقورئانی پیرۆزدا لەبەشی عیبادەتدا ، وهەرچی بەشی سێیەمیشە دامناوە بۆ هەندێ بابەتی فیقهی تر کە هەڵهێنجراون لەیاسای ئيحتيات لەقورئانی پیرۆزدا لەبەشی ومامەڵە وباری کەسیەتیدا.

توێژینەوەکە گەیشتووە بەچەند دەرەنجامێك گرنگترینیان ئەوەیە یاسای ئيحتيات بنەمایەکە چەندان بەڵگەی شەرعی دەبنە گەواهی دەر لەسەر کارپێکردنی ، بەئەندازەیەك کەم بابەتی فیقهی هەیە تیایدا کار بەم یاسایە نەکرێت ، هەر بۆیە زۆر لەزانایان کاریان پێ کردووە لەزۆر لەئەحکامەکاندا ، هەروەك ئەم توێژینەوە بەپێویستی دازانێت کەسانی موفتی گرنگی بە یاسای ئيحتيات بدەن لەسەردەمێکدا کەفیتنەو شل ڕەوی لەدیندا زۆر بووە .
The history of the stages of painting art in the Kurdistan region of Iraq during the twentieth century
Authors: Amen Kosar Rashed , Ghahi Hassan Bulkhari , Fadavi Sayed Mohammad
Published: July 2022

في هذه الورقة، قمنا بدراسة تاريخ المراحل الفن الرسم في اقلیم كردستان العراق في القرن العشرين، لنتبیّن منذ متی وعبر أي مراحل وبأي طرق دخل فن الرسم إقليمَ كردستان؟ في النهاية استنتج أن هذا الفن في المناخ مر بمرحلتين نتائج البحث إلی أن هذا الفن في الإقلیم تخطّی مرحلتین: ففي النصف الأول من القرن العشرين (1900 فصاعدا)، كان فنّ الرسم في الغالب فنّاً شعبیّاً غير أكاديمي. وبعد النصف الثاني من القرن العشرين (1950 فصاعدا)، بالإضافة إلى وجود الفن الشعبي دخلت الإقلیمَ أساليبُ الرسم الحدیث والأکادیمي من طرق ثلاثة وهي: أولا، من قِبل الفنانين الذين ذهبوا إلى أمریکا والدول الأوروبية وتعرّفوا علی مختلف الأسالیب لفن الرسم الحديث، ثمّ رجعوا إلی الإقلیم. وثانیاً من طریق الفنانين الذين درسوا فن الرسم بجامعة بغداد، وأخیراً عبرَ الرسوم التقليدية والمنسوجات الیدویة کالسجاجید والبُسط و...إلخ.  واتبعنا فی هذه الدراسة،  الوصفي التحلیلي التأریخي وقمنا بجمع المعلومات من الکتب والأبحاث وعن طریق الملاحظة والتجربة أیضا.

 

چکیده

در نوشتار حاضر تاریخچه مراحل هنر نقاشی اقلیم کُردستان عراق در قرن بیستم به‌عنوان پیکره مطالعاتی بررسی شده‌است و پژوهشگر تلاش می‌کند به این پرسش پاسخ دهد که هنر نقاشی مدرن از چه تاریخی و طی چه مراحلی و از چه راه‌هایی وارد اقلیم کردستان شده‌است؟ در پایان این نتیجه حاصل شد که این هنر در اقلیم دو مرحله را پشت سر گذاشته‌است: ابتدا در نیمه اول قرن بیستم (1900)، هنر نقاشی بیشتر یک هنر غیرآکادمیک و مردمی بوده. بعد از نیمه دوم قرن بیستم (1950 به بعد)، علاوه بر وجود هنر مردمی، سبک‌های هنر نقاشی مدرن و آکادمیک، غالبا از سه راه وارد عرصه هنر این اقلیم شده‌است. ابتدا از راه هنرمندانی که به کشور های اروپایی و امریکا رفته اند و با سبک های مختلف هنر نقاشی مدرن آشنا شده اند.  راه دیگر از جانب آن هنرمندان که در رشته هنر نقاشی در دانشگاه بغداد مشغول به تحصیل بوده اند، راه سوم از نقش و نگار های سنتی و دست بافته های مثل قالی و گلم و فرش، و . . .  روش تحقیق، از منظر هدف، بنیادی-نظری و از منظر شیوۀ، توصیفی تحلیلی، با رویکرد تاریخی است. شیوه جمع‌آوری اطلاعات نیز به‌صورت کتابخانه‌ای و میدانی است.
A Moving Target: Changing Priorities in the Energy Policy of the European Union
Authors: Somosi Sarolta , Megyeri Eszter
Published: July 2022

The EU’s strategic objective is to improve energy market integration while emphasising the goal of energy sustainability. This study summarises the progress made over the last six decades, particularly focusing on the latest steps, and outlines the present and future challenges of the European energy policy. In doing so, the study addresses the following research questions: Will the EU realise its original aspirations in the field of energy? Is the Energy Union on target to deliver the envisioned breakthrough for the EU? Are the benefits of the Energy Union tangible at the integrated EU level? What new conditions and expectations shape and influence the future of the Energy Union?
IMPROVING SPEAKING SKILL OF REPORT TEXT USING FINDING MISSING INFORMATION TECHNIQUE AT THE TENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF MA SHABILAL HUDHA SUNGAI EMPAT
Authors: Setiawati Ana , Yeni Melda , Purwanti Sri Erma
Published: July 2022

This study aims at improving students' speaking skills in using English with the approach of finding missing information techniques in the report text in the tenth grade of MA Shabilul Hudha Sungai Empat. In learning English, especially those that focus on their learning abilities, making these they become brave enough to express or not dare to use and communicate using English is because they feel ashamed of their classmates and their habit of using mother tongue conversation. This research is a classroom action research, where the implementation time is one month or four meetings starting from April 13, 2019, to April 24, 2019, with participants in the tenth grade MA Shabilul Hudha Sungai Empat totaling 30 students in the data collection process; the researcher used tests to students in the form of report texts and the form of observations of students and teachers. The field data analysis results obtained students' value in the first cycle test with an average value of 68.07, so this study used two cycles for the assessment of students' speaking skills. In the second cycle test, the average score was 75.84; in other words, the study using learning methods finding missing information techniques to improve the speaking skills of tenth graders Shabilul Hudha Sungai Empat can improve students' speaking skills. Therefore, using learning methods to find missing information techniques is useful for improving students' speaking skills.
A STUDY ON THE STUDENT’S LEARNING STRATEGIES IN READING COMPREHENSION AT ELEVENTH GRADE OF IPS OF SMA TRI TUNGGAL PULAU BURUNG
Authors: Wulandari Desmita , Yeni Melda , Amri Samsul
Published: July 2022

The primary purpose of this study was to determine students' learning strategies in reading comprehension. This research was conducted at the eleventh grade of IPS of SMA Tri Tunggal Pulau Burung. This type of research is descriptive and uses total sampling techniques in determining research samples. This study's population was 53 students, and researchers took 30 students from them to be sampled in this study. Data collecting techniques use questionnaires from the questionnaire to find out the strategy in reading it. Then, this research shows that the value of students strategies in reading is  mean values with result of cognitive strategies 37.93 % at Low category, metacognitive strategies 33.5 % at Low category, socio-affective strategies 33.2 % at Low category. From this study, it can be concluded that the students learning strategies in reading comprehension at the eleventh grade of IPS of Tri Tunggal Pulau Burung are in a low category. Findings showed that the students use cognitive strategies in reading comprehension at the eleventh grade of IPS of SMA Tri Tunggal  Pulau burung.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING ENGLISH SONGS AS WARMING UP ACTIVITY TO ENHANCE STUDENTS’ MOTIVATION IN ENGLISH CLASSROOM AT THE EIGHTH GRADE OF SMPN I ENOK
Authors: Hariyati  , Mustajib Agus , Ardian Edi
Published: July 2022

Motivation is a factor which important in do something. For the Students, motivation is one factor that influences the teaching-learning process in the classroom. This time, motivation is a factor that becomes a problem for the students SMPN I Enok. This problem is the background of the problem in this research. To solve the students' motivation in the English classroom, the researcher conducted the experimental research with a quasi-experimental design with applying the English song as a warming-up activity to solve the problem. This research aimed to know the effectiveness of using English songs as a warming-up activity to enhance students' motivation in the English classroom at the eighth grade of SMPN I Enok. The data collection technique in this research was a questionnaire, and the instruments were 15 Close Ended statements using the Likert Scale type. This research sample was 50 students of the eighth-grade SMPN I Enok as a control and experimental class. After getting the data using the questionnaire, the researchers found that English song as warming up activity was useful to enhance students” motivation in English classroom with the result t-observed was 19,85 while t-table was 2,01 from 5% and 2,68 from 1%. The t-observed score was higher than the t-table. Based on the result, H0 (null hypothesis) is rejected, and H1 (alternative hypothesis) is accepted. It also means that English song as warming up activity was sufficient to enhance students' motivation in the English classroom at the eighth grade of SMPN I Enok in academic years 2018/2019.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEARNERS’ AUTONOMY AND THEIR ACHIEVEMENT IN LEARNING ENGLISH AT 11TH GRADE OF SMA NEGERI 1 TEMBILAHAN HULU
Authors: M. Tomy  , Ardian Edi , Mustajib Agus
Published: July 2022

The problem of this research was Learners' achievement seems low, while their autonomy seems higher. The method of this research was quantitative correlation research. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between learners' autonomy (Variable X) with learners' achievement (Variable Y). The sample of this study was 145 students of eleventh-grade students of SMAN 1 Tembilahan Hulu. The researcher gave questionnaires of learners' autonomy to collect data and asked the value of their English teacher's achievement. After the data has been collected, it was found that the average of learners' autonomy is 77,9%, it was in the "high category," And the average of learners' achievement was 81,6%, it was in the "high category". Based ." those findings, researchers analyzed the relationship between learners' autonomy and their achievement using the Pearson r formula; the results was 0.1999 (rxy) it was in "very low correlation," after found out the score of rxy researcher noting to the table of degree of freedom (df) N (number of respondents) – nr (variables) where 145 – 2 is 143. By consulting r table product-moment, it is found in the significant of 1% being obtained at 0.1371 and 5% is 0.1631. By comparing the values of rxy = 0.1999 and r table = 0.1371 and 0.1631, rxy is bigger than r table. This means that autonomy and achievement have a very low correlation. If learners have good autonomy, they will have a good achievement in English.
THE FACTORS OF STUDENTS’ SILENCE IN THE ENGLISH SPEAKING CLASSROOM PERFORMANCE AT ELEVENTH GRADE OF SMKN 1 TEMBILAHAN
Authors: Pratama Anjas , Erma Purwanti Sri , Yeni Melda
Published: July 2022

The phenomenon of silent students often occurs in the learning process of English, especially in English speaking classes, where students do not respond to the teacher when the learning process is running, so this interferes with the smooth learning process. This study aims to determine the factors that cause students to be silent when learning in English speaking class and determine the dominant factor in the eleventh grade of SMKN 1 Tembilahan. This research is a quantitative descriptive study. This research instrument uses a questionnaire that contains 20 statements. Moreover, the total population is 459 students, and the total samples taken 25% of the total population, as many as 116 students. The sampling technique in this study was random sampling. The sample used in this study was the 11th-grade students of all departments in the SMKN 1 Tembilahan school. Based on calculating students' responses to 20 questionnaire statements, it was found that ten factors caused students to be silent when learning English. They are inadequate vocabulary, the inability to manage vocabulary, lack of understanding of English grammar, unconfident in their abilities, afraid of making mistakes, lack of pronunciation,  feeling nervous while speaking, getting difficulty in understanding English material, afraid of being criticized, and feeling embarrassed to speak in front of the class. While the dominant factor comes from the indicator (students' proficiency), which has 4 points, the first point is that grammar understanding is still lacking, then the second point is a lack of self-confidence, and for the third and fourth points, they have the same point which is about vocabulary. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the ten statements above are the factors that cause students to stay silent in learning English and the dominant. They come from the indicators (students' proficiency) in the eleventh grade of SMKN 1 Tembilahan, as the researcher explained above.
THE SOCIOLINGUISTIC INFLUENCE ON THE LEARNERS AS THE READERS (A Case Study in the Fourth Semester of English Study Program At Islamic University of Indragiri Tembilahan )
Authors: Maizarah  , Tria Sauhana Felci , Rosmina  , Sapira Sipa
Published: July 2022

As learners of the English language, they were good readers is one of the main aims. To realize this one is not an easy act. There are many influences; one of them is sociolinguistic. This research purposed to describe the influence of sociolinguistic on the learners as the reader. This is a Descriptive Research. The research participants were the Fourth Semester of English Study Program students at the Islamic University of Indragiri Tembilahan. The data was collected from spreading the questionnaire. After analyzing the data, the researcher found a very significant influence than the other very high influence was motivation, which motivation is imperative for the learner as the reader. The mean score of all indicators was 77.93; it was indicated that the influence of sociolinguistics on the learner as the reader was great.
STUDENTS’ LEARNING STRATEGIES IN DEVELOPING SPEAKING SKILL AT ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF INDRAGIRI
Authors: Erma Purwanti Sri , Sudra Fauziah , Pratiwi Suldania
Published: July 2022

English is a language that is used as a medium of international communication. Unfortunately, the ability of English students at the Islamic University of Indragiri in speaking skills is still considered low. They find it challenging to develop their speaking ability. Therefore they need some strategies to develop their speaking skills. Therefore, this study investigates the learning strategies used by English students to develop their speaking skills. The subjects of this study were 20 English students of semester four at the Islamic University of Indragiri. The research design was descriptive. To collect the data, the researchers administered a questionnaire consisting of 18 statements using the Likert scale. The results from the analysis showed that the students used almost all of the strategies proposed by Oxford (1990). They are cognitive strategies, metacognitive strategies, compensatory strategies, memory-related strategies, effective strategies, and social strategies. In order, the most frequent strategies employed by them were Cognitive Strategies (19%), compensatory strategies (17.75%), and social strategies (16.80%).
THE STUDENTS’ READING INTEREST IN MEDIA “LINE WEBTOON” AT ELEVENTH-GRADE OF SMA NEGERI 2 TEMBILAHAN
Authors: Ningsih Wita Rela , Mustajib Agus , Maizarah
Published: July 2022

This study analyzed the students’ reading interest in media LINE Webtoon. It purposes to know the students' interest in reading toward media LINE Webtoon and some factors influencing their reading interest. The research design is descriptive research that combined qualitative and quantitative approaches. It was conducted at SMA Negeri 2 Tembilahan. The researchers used the purposive sampling technique in choosing the research samples. They distributed a questionnaire to fifty eleventh-grade students. The questionnaires were distributed to know their reading interest in media LINE Webtoon to answer the first research question. In addition, to answer the second research question, the writer used an open-ended questionnaire to know the factors influencing their interest. After collecting the data, the results were transcribed. The results of this research showed that they had a high interest in reading about media LINE Webtoon. The result of the questionnaire also supported it. The percentage was 77,84%. Furthermore, the students explained that some factors that influenced their reading interest in media LINE Webtoon were: 1) lots of good and exciting stories, 2) the students liked the picture of the story of the LINE Webtoon, 3) add students English vocabulary, 4) more motivate students to learn English, 5) helps students to understand the culture and habits of American people, 6) students can learn some slang, 7) students can learn some synonyms of a word,  and 8) suggested by their friend. Based on the research results, the researchers concluded that the media LINE Webtoon has a substantial positive impact on the students.
AN ANALYSIS OF READING COMPREHENSION OF FUNCTIONAL TEXT AT EIGHTH GRADE SMP KASIH LESTARI TEMBILAHAN
Authors: Budianto  , Maizarah  , Ardian Edi
Published: July 2022

This research was conducted based on the problems found during the teaching and learning process in class VIII of SMP Kasih Lestari Tembilahan, specifically about students' understanding of the functional text. The problem found is that 50% of the students cannot understand the text they are reading, they cannot reach the KKM score, and Functional text is one of the texts in which students must be able to read and comprehend. This research is included in quantitative descriptive research. The population of this research is class VIII SMP Kasih Lestari Academic Year 2020/2021. The population and sample of this study were 23 people who were taken using the total sampling technique. The instrument used was an objective test. Data from students' objective tests are analyzed based on indicators and then interpreted and become research findings. Based on the results of the study showed that students of class VIII SMP Kasih Lestari: 1. The ability of reading comprehension in Main Idea Aspect showed at the poor level of 10 people out of 23 students (30,4%). 2. The reading comprehension ability in Reference Aspect showed at enough level of 10 people out of 23 students (43,4%). 3. The reading comprehension ability in Inference Aspect showed at the excellent level of 15 people out of 23 students (65,2%). 4. The ability of reading comprehension in Unfamiliar Word Aspect showed at the poor level of 15 people out of 23 students (34,7%). 5. The ability of reading comprehension in Factual Information Aspect showed at enough level of 5 people out of 23 students (43,4%). From the above research results, it can be concluded that students still experience many difficulties in reading comprehension, especially in functional texts by applicable rules. Furthermore, based on the results of this study, teachers are expected to be able to provide better teaching techniques, and students can do more exercises to improve students' reading comprehension abilities.
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ ENGLISH VOCABULARY MASTERY THROUGH TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE METHOD AT GRADE VII A OF MTs Negeri 2 KUANTAN SINGINGI SENTAJO RAYA DISTRICT - KUANTAN SINGINGI REGENCY
Authors: Wati Elda
Published: July 2022

Vocabulary is essential in learning English because vocabularies are the key to producing English sounds, words, and sentences. In reality, students still had lack of English vocabulary mastery. One method to solve this problem is by applying Total Physical Response (TPR). This research was carried out at grade VII A of MTs Negeri 2 Kuantan Singingi Sentajo Raya district in Kuantan Singingi Regency. It is designed as Classroom Action Research. The research aims to know how far the Total Physical Responses can improve the students’ English vocabularies mastery. Data collection methods are observation and test. This is the test in multiple choices. Data analysis is quantitative, which got from the result of the test. The result of this research is that TPR could increase the students’ vocabulary. The students’ rate in pre-test is 40.00 %, the rate result in the first cycle is 54.54 %, .while in the rate result in the second test is 82.06. the final rate result in the third cycle is 90.00. Total Physical Response can improve students' English vocabularies at grade VII A in MTs Negeri 2 Kuantan Singingi.
A STUDY ON THE STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN USING EXPRESSION OF SEVENTH GRADE MTs AL-RASYID TANJUNG SIANTAR
Authors: Sudra Fauziah , Erma Purwanti Sri , Tria Sauhana Felci
Published: July 2022

The main purpose of this study was to describe the students' ability to use expressions. This research was conducted at the seventh grade of MTs Al-Rasyid Tanjung Siantar from January to February 2021. It is descriptive research and uses total sampling technique in selecting the samples. There are 24 students to be the sample in this research. The data were collected by using a test. The researcher got the result that more than 50 % of the students could use expressions with a total mean score of 72 in the the good category. The total mean score is taken from 5 indicators, that were students' ability In using greeting expression with mean score 80.83 in the good category, leave taking expression with mean score 70.83 in the good category, thank you/ gratitude expression with mean score 75 in the good category, apology expression with mean score 64.16 in the good category, and the students' ability in using self-introduction expression with mean score 69.16 in the poor category. The researcher concluded that the students' ability to use expressions was good, a total score of 72. It means they have a good understanding of expressions, mainly greeting expressions.
A STUDY ON STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN UNDERSTANDING CONDITIONAL SENTENCES AT SECOND GRADE OF SMK N 1 TEMBILAHAN ACCOUNTING 3 MAJORING
Authors: Barliana Siti , Ardian Edi , Syafrizal
Published: July 2022

This study is concerned with the students’ ability in understanding Conditional Sentences. It was done for the second-grade students of SMK N 1 Tembilahan. Then this research used a descriptive research that supported by quantitative approach. The research populations were taken from all the students of the second-grade of SMK N 1 Tembilahan in academic year 2020/2021. The total of populations were 108 students, which consist of three classes. The researchers selected a class as the sample is  XI Accounting 3 (36 students). The instrument used to collect the data is test. It consisted of fifty multiple choices questions. Based on the analysis, the students’ ability scores in understanding conditional sentences is 84.38 in the type 1, 96.92 in the type 2, and 97.35 in the type 3. Their mean scores in understanding conditional sentences is 98.12. The research result is the students’ ability in understanding conditional sentences is in ranging very good level. It means that they have understood conditional sentences.
AN ANALYSIS OF LISTENING COMPREHENSION ROLE IN IMPROVING STUDENT’S SPEAKING ABILITY AT ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF INDRAGIRI
Authors: Budiman Fatkhul , Yeni Melda , Mustajib Agus
Published: July 2022

This study aims to determine the role of listening comprehension in improving students speaking ability at English Study Program Islamic University of Indragiri. This type of research is descriptive quantitative. The population of this research is the students of English Study Program at Islamic University of Indragiri. The number of population and samples from this study were 36 people, taken using a total sampling technique. To determine the role of listening comprehension in improving students speaking ability, the researcher gave a questionnaire as an instrument. For data analysis, researchers used Likert scale as a measurement of the variables. The test results show the role of listening comprehension in improving students speaking ability at English Study Program Islamic University of Indragiri is in a high level with an average of 132.4. The researcher concludes that listening comprehension has a great role in improving students speaking ability at English Study Program Islamic University of Indragiri.
AN ANALYSIS OF TEACHERS’ PERCEPTION ON THE USE OF AUTHENTIC ENGLISH READING MATERIALS OF VIA ENGLISH COURSE
Authors: Afriani Nina , Amri Samsul , Ardian Edi
Published: July 2022

This study aims to determine the teacher's perception of the Via English Course about authentic materials that can be taken from the internet, magazines, and newspapers and so on. This type of research is descriptive quantitative. The population of this study are teachers at the Via English Course for the 2021/2022 academic year. The number of population and samples from this study were 11 people taken using total sampling technique. To find out the teacher's perception of using authentic materials in reading skills. Researchers collected data that is quantitative data. For data analysis, the researcher used observational analysis and a questionnaire to determined the final result of the teacher's perception in using authentic material in reading skills. The results of the test show that the teacher's perception of using authentic material in Via English Course Tembilahan is categorized with an average of 88.9% (Very Good). The researcher concluded that the teacher's perception of using authentic material in the Tembilahan English Course was very good because by using authentic material students were more active and more enthusiastic in reading English.
TEACHING WRITING RECOUNT TEXT THROUGH CLUSTERING TECHNIQUE AT 10Th GRADE OF MA DDI PULAU KIJANG
Authors: Juanda Rian , Amri Samsul , Syafrizal
Published: July 2022

This study analysed teaching writing recount text through clustering technique, writing is the process of using symbols to communicate and recount is speaking or writing about past events. Students need to write their recount as final test at tenth grade in curriculum 2013, Not easy to make a good recount text it has generic structure, characteristic and students need much vocabulary to choose to make their sentences on recount text much better. The fact students has felt harder to make a recount text they may miss some of the events that are supposed to be recounted and gotten stuck in the middle. To solve their problem researcher brings clustering technique to make their recount text easier. The main purpose of this thesis is to find out the effect of using clustering technique towards student ability in writing recount text at tenth grade of MA Darud Da’wah Wal-Irsyad Pulau Kijang. This thesis is categorized as experimental research because it is intended to know the effect of clustering technique towards student ability in writing recount text at tenth grade of MA Darud Da’wah Wal-Irsyad Pulau Kijang, these subject of research were taken 1 class (tenth IPS) it contains 23 students. The research instrument that used in this thesis is the writing recount text test. There are two kinds of tests: pre-test and post-test used to find out whether there is a significant effect for students in that class. After the data had been collected by using test it was found that the pre-test average is 49.89 categorized E and post-test is 74.02 categorized C. the obtained t-observe was 4.19, whereas the t-table 2.074 for 5% and 2.819 for 1%, it means t-observe is higher than t-table (2.074 < 4.19 > 2.819) Ha was accepted while Ho was rejected. Since t-observe score was higher than t-table clustering technique is effective as media in students' ability in writing recount text at tenth grade of MA Darud Da’wah Wal-Irsyad Pulau Kijang. Based on the findings, the writer concluded that there is a significant effect of using the clustering technique as one of the media teaching writing recount text at tenth grade of MA Darud Da’wah Wal-Irsyad Pulau Kijang.
AN ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ LEARNING STYLE IN LEARNING ENGLISH AT EIGHTH GRADE OF SMP N 1 TEMBILAHAN HULU
Authors: Sapira Sipa , Yeni Melda , Tria Sauhana Felci
Published: July 2022

This study was a descriptive study that aimed to determine students' learning styles in learning English. The population of this study was the eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Tembilahan Hulu using random sampling technique. The data collection method used is a questionnaire. The results of this study of learning style tendencies indicated that the learning style with the number of respondents was 30 students with average score of 93.38 into the enough category. In addition, it was found that learning outcomes with visual learning styles were included in the “Enough category” with an average score of 95.13, auditory learning styles were in the “Good category” with average score of 104, and kinesthetic learning styles were included in the “Enough category” with average score of 81. Thus the learning style applied in the eighth grade was more likely to be an auditory learning style with the number of respondents being 30 students and obtaining learning outcomes in a good category with an average value of 104. From these results, it can be concluded that the eight SMP N 1 Tembilahan Hulu pay less attention to their learning style. This could be one of the reasons why some of the scores of their kinesthetic learning style showed less and bad categories. Besides that, it could be a reminder for teachers to be able to prepare strategies in growing student learning styles that could help to improve students in learning English.

This study was a descriptive study that aimed to determine students' learning styles in learning English. The population of this study was the eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Tembilahan Hulu using random sampling technique. The data collection method used is a questionnaire. The results of this study of learning style tendencies indicated that the learning style with the number of respondents was 30 students with average score of 93.38 into the enough category. In addition, it was found that learning outcomes with visual learning styles were included in the “Enough category” with average score of 95.13, auditory learning styles were in the “Good category” with average score of 104, and kinesthetic learning styles were included in the “Enough category” with average score of 81. Thus the learning style applied in the eighth grade was more likely to be an auditory learning style with the number of respondents being 30 students and obtaining learning outcomes in a good category with an average value of 104. From these results, it can be concluded that the eight SMP N 1 Tembilahan Hulu pay less attention to their learning style. This could be one of the reasons why some of the scores of their kinesthetic learning style showed less and bad categories. Besides that, it could be a reminder for teachers to be able to prepare strategies in growing student learning styles that could help to improve students in learning English.