bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bias, Information, Noise: The BIN Model of Forecasting
Authors: Satopää Ville A. , Salikhov Marat , Tetlock Philip E. , Mellers Barbara
Published: February 2021

A four-year series of subjective probability forecasting tournaments sponsored by the U.S. intelligence community revealed a host of replicable drivers of predictive accuracy, including experimental interventions such as training in probabilistic reasoning, anti‐groupthink teaming, and tracking of talent. Drawing on these data, we propose a Bayesian BIN model (Bias, Information, Noise) for disentangling the underlying processes that enable forecasters and forecasting methods to improve—either by tamping down bias and noise in judgment or by ramping up the efficient extraction of valid information from the environment. The BIN model reveals that noise reduction plays a surprisingly consistent role across all three methods of enhancing performance. We see the BIN method as useful in focusing managerial interventions on what works when and why in a wide range of domains. An R-package called BINtools implements our method and is available on the first author’s personal website.

This paper was accepted by Manel Baucells, decision analysis.
Incentive-Compatible Learning of Reserve Prices for Repeated Auctions
Authors: Kanoria Yash , Nazerzadeh Hamid
Published: February 2021

How can an auctioneer optimize revenue by learning the reserve prices from the bids in the previous auctions? How should the long-term incentives and strategic behavior of the bidders be taken into account? Motivated in part by applications in online advertising, in “Incentive-Compatible Learning of Reserve Prices for Repeated Auctions,” Kanoria and Nazerzadeh investigate these questions. They show that if a seller attempts to dynamically update a common reserve price using the bidding history, buyers will shade their bids, which can hurt the revenue. However, when there is more than one buyer, using personalized reserve prices, the auctioneer can achieve a near-optimal revenue. In their proposed mechanism, the personal reserve price for each buyer is determined using the historical bids of other buyers.
Relational Embeddedness, Breadth of Added Value Opportunities, and Business Growth
Authors: Mawdsley John K. , Somaya Deepak
Published: February 2021

The current paper complements and extends traditional Penrosean theories of firm growth by examining how a (supplier) firm’s relational embeddedness with its portfolio of existing buyers affects its business growth. Our theorizing rests on the foundation that a firm’s business growth stems from its breadth (or volume) of opportunities for creating added value with buyers, which more fully realizes the Penrosean vision that firm growth can be explained by a dynamic interaction between productive resources and demand-side market opportunities. Although relational embeddedness may give a supplier dyadic advantages with focal buyers, which supports business growth, we theorize that it can also lead to narrower added value business opportunities with the supplier’s entire portfolio of buyers. Critically, we hypothesize that the effect of relational embeddedness on business growth is moderated by a set of relational and demand-side attributes. These hypotheses are tested on a panel data set of patent law firms (suppliers) and their relationships with corporate clients (buyers). We find that greater relational embeddedness is associated with slower supplier business growth, and consistent with our hypotheses, this negative effect is alleviated when these firms have greater cross-servicing ability and receive more relational commitment from buyers but exacerbated when suppliers hold more buyer-specific knowledge and when buyers undertake more (internal) concurrent sourcing. In turn, our research demonstrates how the attributes of a supplier’s relationships with its portfolio of buyers can impact access to new business opportunities and thus opens up new directions for research on firm growth, demand-side strategy and buyer-supplier relationships.
Profetismo e Apocalíptica no zand ī wahman yasn
Authors: Do Nascimento Rodrigo Nunes
Published: February 2021

O artigo apresenta uma análise literária do Zand ῑ Wahman Yasn, procurando compreendê-lo em seus próprios termos e com apoio de outras fontes da literatura em persa médio. Pretende-se contextualizar a obra numa comparação cultural e religiosa com experiências análogas em textos proféticos e apocalípticos judaicos. Ao dar ênfase ao profetismo, a abordagem comparativa tenciona suspender o peso das categorias do gênero apocalíptico aplicadas ao Zand ῑ Wahman Yasn a fim de uma melhor compreensão de sua natureza compósita.
Transitioning to an ACP: a challenging journey with tribulations and rewards
Authors: Reynolds Julie , Mortimore Gerri
Published: February 2021

Julie Reynolds and Gerri Mortimore discuss the difficulties advanced clinical practitioners face when taking on this new role, and how drawing on their transferable skills can help them make the transition
Agronomic characters, genetic and phenotypic diversity coefficients, and heritability of 12 genotypes of rice
Authors: Jaenudin Kartahadimaja  , UTOMO SETYO DWI , YULIADI ERWIN , ABDUL KADIR SALAM  , WARSONO  , Wahyudi Anung
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Kartahadimaja J, Utomo SD, Yuliadi E, Salam AK, Warsono, Wahyudi A. 2021. Agronomic characters, genetic and phenotypic diversity coefficients, and heritability of 12 genotypes of rice. Biodiversitas 22: 1091-1097. The achievement of national rice production is always below the target. One of the causes is the low productivity of the varieties grown due to the stagnant genetic capacity of these varieties. The assembly of new lines through breeding is one solution that can increase the genetic capacity of new varieties. Genetic diversity is one of the factors that influence the success of plant breeding. Ten new F9 rice lines were successfully assembled showing various phenotypes. The identification of the specific advantages of each of these new rice lines was based largely on the phenotypic response. The research objective was to identify the genetic advantages of each line through the analysis approach of genetic diversity coefficient (GDC), Phenotific Diversity Coefficient (PDC), and broad-sense heritability. The research was designed on a randomized completely block design (RCBD) with ten new F9 rice lines and two comparison varieties as treatments, repeated three times. The variables observed were plant height, maximum number of tillers, number of productive tillers, flowering time, harvesting time, panicle length, number of grain per panicle, number of filled grains per panicle, number of empty grain per panicle, grain length, grain width, grain thickness, and grain yield per hectare. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), if there was a difference between the mean values, it was continued with a 5% LSD test. The results showed that (i) the genotypes tested showed wide genetic and phenotypic diversity, (ii) based on the analysis of GDC, PDC, and broad sense heritability, the appearance of phenotypes of several agronomic characters was controlled by genetic factors.
Short Communication: A comparison of stand structure, species diversity and aboveground biomass between natural and planted mangroves in Sikka, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Matatula Jeriels , Afandi Ahmad Yusuf , Wirabuana Pandu
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Matatula J, Afandi AY, Wirabuana PYAP. 2021. Short Communication: A comparison of stand structure, species diversity and aboveground biomass between natural and planted mangroves in Sikka, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 1098-1103.  The effectiveness of mangroves reforestation can be evaluated by comparing the stand dynamics of planted mangroves with natural mangroves in similar site conditions. This study investigated stand structure, species diversity and aboveground biomass between natural and planted mangroves in Sikka, East Nusa Tenggara. A field survey was conducted using quadrat transect method for vegetation measurement, especially related to species composition and its size distribution. Several parameters were recorded in field observation, including number of species, diameter, height, volume, and aboveground biomass. The stand structure of both mangroves was demonstrated by the distribution of diameter class while the species diversity was described using three parameters, i.e., richness, heterogeneity, and evenness. Moreover, the IVI of each species recorded was also calculated to understand the contribution of species in the mangrove ecosystems. The comparison of stand characteristics between natural and planted mangroves was examined by Mann-Whitney test and Spearman Correlation was also applied to understand the relationship between IVI and aboveground biomass. The results showed that the diameter and height between the natural and planted mangroves significantly differed (P<0.05). In contrast, there was no significant difference in tree density, volume, and aboveground biomass (P<0.05). The stand structure of both mangrove stands followed the pattern of J-inverse in which the frequency of trees decreased with the increase in diameter class. Species diversity in both stands was statistically equal in richness, heterogeneity, and evenness (P>0.05) even though there were some specific species which only observed in the natural or planted mangroves. The most superior species in the planted mangroves was Rhizophora mucronata (IVI = 96.99) while the most important plant in the natural mangroves was Sonneratia alba (IVI = 82.49). Our study found there was a significant correlation between IVI and aboveground biomass in which species with higher IVI indicated greater aboveground biomass. Based on these findings, restoration efforts of degraded mangroves in Sikka have been effective. The restoration, which has been conducted for almost three decades, has not only brought back its vegetation cover but also the functional traits of the mangrove stand to mimic with natural mangroves in the area.
Breed and age effects on concentration of adiponectin and reproductive performance in Anglo Nubian, Etawah grade and its crossbred bucks
Authors: Hafizuddin HAFIZUDDIN , KARJA NI WAYAN KURNIANI , PRAHARANI LISA , SETIADI MOHAMAD AGUS
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Hafizuddin, Karja NWK, Praharani L, Setiadi MA. 2021. Breed and age effects on concentration of adiponectin and reproductive performance in Anglo Nubian, Etawah grade and its crossbred bucks. Biodiversitas 22: 1112-1119. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of differences in breed and age on reproductive performance and adiponectin and testosterone production in Anglo Nubian, Etawah grade, and crossbred (Anpera) bucks. A total of 12 bucks with four individuals of each breed were used. This study collected five data points from each buck regarding adiponectin, testosterone, and reproductive performance (libido and semen characteristics). Data were analyzed with factorial analysis of variance and Duncan's test. The result shows that adiponectin concentration between breeds was significantly different (P <0.01). There were also significant differences (P<0.05) in adiponectin concentrations based on buck age. There were also significant interactions with adiponectin concentrations (P <0.01). Furthermore, testosterone concentrations showed significant differences based on breed (P <0.05) and age (P <0.05). There were also significant age-breed interactions affecting testosterone concentrations (P <0.01). Libido and semen characteristics had no significant differences based on breed and age group, and no significant age-breed interactions (P> 0.05). The heterosis effect on adiponectin concentration (48.05%), testosterone concentration (27.68%), libido (-0.61%), semen volume (-1.93%), sperm motility (0.49%), sperm normal morphology (0.18%), and sperm concentration (0.00%) was measured. In conclusion, there is a significant effect of breed, age, and age-breed interactions on the concentration of adiponectin and testosterone in bucks, and both of these variables have a high heterosis effect on crossbred bucks.
A case of third degree hemorrhagic shock due to total subacute uterine inversion after delivery
Authors: Wahono William Timotius , Putri Angela , Saroyo Yudianto Budi , Nugroho Antonius Joko , Sally Ruth , Simanjuntak Sugianto Parulian , Samuel
Published: February 2021

Uterine inversion is a rare, but life-threatening obstetric emergency. We describe a case of total subacute uterine inversion in settings with limited resources. A multiparous (P4) 29-year-old woman with history of delivery assisted by a traditional birth attendant who used the fundal pressure technique 4 days before admission was referred due to postpartum hemorrhage. She had low blood pressure, tachycardia, and lethargic. A protruding mass from the vaginal introitus with active bleeding was visible. She diagnosed with third degree hemorrhagic shock due to total subacute uterine inversion. Resuscitation was initiated immediately and manual uterine repositioning was performed under general anesthesia. After two failed attempts, a laparotomy was performed to apply traction to the round ligaments and an incision on the cervical ring by using Allis clamps. The inversion was resolved. Next, subtotal hysterectomy was done to stop bleeding and infection.
Deep-reinforce-learning-assisted network orchestration for VNF-SC provisioning in inter-DC elastic optical networks
Authors: Chen Qi , Zhu Min , Shen Tianyu , Gu Jiahua , Yan Chunping , Gu Pingping
Published: February 2021

We propose a deep-reinforce-learning (DRL)-based virtual network function (VNF) provisioning algorithm which guarantees efficient VNF reusing while consuming lower spectrum resource. The simulation results show the proposed algorithm can achieve better performance than heuristics.
Low-Cost Free-Space-Optical Communication System with Federated Learning-based Channel Prediction
Authors: Xue Donglin , Han Pengchao , Liu Yajing , Sha Zijie , Liu Yejun , Guo Lei
Published: February 2021

A channel prediction scheme based on federated learning is proposed to achieve channel pre-compensation for a low-cost design of FSO communication system. The proposed scheme is demonstrated effective in simplifying system structural and operational cost.
Performance Evaluation of Distributed Computing over Optical Disaggregated Data Centers
Authors: Xing Yinghui , Wang Cen , Xu Ting , Gao Xiong , Guo Hongxiang , Wu Jian
Published: February 2021

We evaluate the performance of two types of distributed computing jobs in optically interconnected disaggregated data center, and show the requirements of minimum bandwidth and local memory on CPU blades to achieve acceptable job-level performance.
Phase Offset Train-Sequence Method for Nonlinear Frequency Division Multiplexing with b-Modulation
Authors: Fang Xi , Fu Yixin , Ding Ding , Zhao Cheng , Gao Xianwei
Published: February 2021

In this paper, we introduce the NFDM system using multiple eigenvalues and design a train-sequence method to realize the frequency-domain channel estimation. Compared to pre-compensation method, the proposed method shows a better performance.
Analysis of the Channel Estimation for Nonlinear Frequency Division Multiplexing Systems via Continuous Spectrum
Authors: Fang Xi , Sui Xin , Mao Junying , Ding Ding , Hu Ronglei
Published: February 2021

In this paper, the performance of NFDM systems is evaluated by channel estimation method and compared with the OFDM systems. We deduce the process theoretically and verify the potential and prospect of the method through simulations.
Sequence Detector based Autoencoder for ACO-OFDM Optical Wireless Communication
Authors: Liu Xin , Wei Zixian , Pepe Alberto , Wang Zhaoming , Fu H. Y.
Published: February 2021

We propose a novel autoencoder with sequence detector for asymmetrically clipped optical OFDM optical wireless communication. The BER of our proposed system outperforms conventional QAM and pure dense autoencoder based counterpart in high modulation order.
Research on signal recovery method of IM/DD optical fiber transmission system based on multi-bit and multi-class classification convolutional neural network
Authors: Liang Meng , Du Jiayu
Published: February 2021

We have compared a new convolutional neural network based on multi-bit and multi-class classification of the time domain and wavelet domain feature extraction methods to recover the distorted signal in IM/DD optical fiber transmission system.
Physical-layer Security Improvement Based on 2D-SCL Map and Brownian motion in CO-OFDM System
Authors: Yang Changqing , Jiang Xin , Liu Le , Tang Xianfeng , Xi Lixia , Zhang Xiaoguang
Published: February 2021

A physical-layer encryption scheme is proposed in coherent OFDM system using a two-dimensional chaotic mapping and Brownian motion. Simulations show that no OSNR penalty is introduced and the PAPR can be decreased by 1dB.
Performance Analysis of Polar Code with SCL Algorithm in Ultraviolet Communication System
Authors: Zuo Yong , Ran Mengjia , Li Feiyu , Xie Zhong , Tian Yupei , Wu Jian
Published: February 2021

A simplified SCL algorithm is proposed and applied to ultraviolet communication system. Simulation results show that the polar coding scheme has better performance compared with LDPC coding scheme.
Intelligent and self-adaptive constellation iterative algorithm for enhanced probabilistically shaped hexagonal CAP-19 modulation
Authors: Ma Luwei , Liu Bo , Mao Yaya , Ren Jianxin , Xu Xing , Wu Xiangyu , Jiang Lei , Liu Xueyang , Zhao Delin
Published: February 2021

An Intelligent and self-adaptive constellation iterative algorithm for enhanced probabilistically shaped hexagonal CAP-19 modulation is proposed in this paper. Experimental results indicate the superiority of the proposed modulation scheme for rate-adaptive optical transmissions.
Shaping Distribution Identification of Probabilistically Shaped MQAM Signals based on Generalized Circular Harmonic Expansion
Authors: Yan Qifeng , Zhang Peishan , Liu Liu , Guo Changjian , Hong Xuezhi
Published: February 2021

A shaping distribution identification method based on generalized circular harmonic expansion is proposed for probabilistically shaped MQAM systems. The results show that high success rate can be achieved using only a small number of symbols.
A Phase Noise Suppression Scheme Based On Polarization Conjugation in Satellite-to-Ground CO-OFDM
Authors: Tang Yuqian , Zang Yuanru
Published: February 2021

We propose to send conjugated symbols carried by two polarizations in Satellite-to-Ground CO-OFDM system to mitigate phase noise introduced by atmospheric turbulence and lasers. Simulation results show 3 dB improvement compared to traditional single-polarization systems.
A Low Complexity 16QAM Based on Geometric Shaping for Fiber Optics Transmission System
Authors: Zhou Wenmao , Zhang Qi , Wang Xishuo , Gao Ran , Xin Xiangjun , Tian Feng , Tian Qinghua , Zu Yuxiao , Yang Leijing , Wang Yongjun , Wang Fu , Chang Huan , Guo Dong
Published: February 2021

A low complexity geometrically-shaped (GS) 16QAM is proposed in order to obtain the shaping gain effectively. The simulation results show that the proposed GS-16QAM outperforms the regular 16QAM in the aspect of mutual information (MI).
All-optical Amplitude Noise Suppression in a Nonlinear Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA)
Authors: Shao Long , Wen Feng , Guo Biao , Krzczanowicz Lukasz , Yang Feng , Wu Baojian , Qiu Kun
Published: February 2021

All-optical amplitude regeneration is experimentally investigated in a nonlinear semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA), achieving a 3.9dB signal-to-noise ratio improvement, over 5nm operational range and up to 28Gb/s data-rate in this wavelength-shift free, single-SOA regenerator.
Monolithic Silicon-based Active Photonic Integration with Specially Designed III/V Laser and Si3N4 Interlayer Optical Coupler
Authors: Yang Yisu , Zhao Hao , Ren Xiaomin
Published: February 2021

Monolithic integration of III/V laser on silicon photonics platform using a Si3N4 interlayer optical coupler is proposed. The simulation indicates that the lasing mode is coupled to the Si3N4 waveguide underneath efficiently with small footprint.
Secure Optical Communication based on Synchronous Chaotic Phase Scrambling-Induced Wavelength-Aliasing
Authors: Jiang Ning , Zhao Anke , Peng Jiafa , Zhang Yiqun , Liu Shiqin , Qiu Kun
Published: February 2021

We propose a physical-layer encryption scheme that is compatible with conventional WDM transmission system in virtue of private chaos synchronization and phase-modulation-induced wavelength-aliasing, and experimentally demonstrate a 4×12.5Gbps secure WDM transmission to confirm the feasibility.
Performance Improvement of NFDM System Based on Joint Effort of Probabilistic Shaping and Neural Network
Authors: Wei Jiacheng , Xi Lixia , Zhang Xulun , Wu Yue , Du Shucheng , Zhang Wenbo , Zhang Xiaoguang
Published: February 2021

We introduce probabilistic shaping at the transmitter and apply neural network spectrum equalizer at the receiver in 64-QAM NFDM system. The proposed scheme possesses higher mutual information and further transmission distance.
Experimental study of Multi-Standard Wireless Signal Transmission over 7-Core Multicore Fiber in Radio-over-Fiber System
Authors: Sun Congya , Yu Zhenming , Wan Zhiquan , Sun Kaixuan , Xu Kun
Published: February 2021

We experimentally study the multicore fiber transmission of multi-standard wireless signals in radio-over-fiber (RoF) system with fiber-wireless hybrid links. The EVM performance of both WLAN and LTE-TDD signals can achieved below 3% during the experiment.
Photonic-Assisted Multi-Path Leakage Cancellation Employing OTTD Line Array
Authors: Luo Jianwei , Ye Jia , Gao Zhaozhao , Jiang Fan , Yan Lianshan , Pan Wei , Zou Xihua
Published: February 2021

A photonic approach to cancel the multi-path leakage by employing an optical true time delay (OTTD) line array is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. A multi-path leakage cancellation depth larger than 40-dB is realized.
Continuously Tunable Microwave Photonic Filter by Using Optical Frequency Comb Based on a Recirculating Frequency Shifter
Authors: Dai Weiyu , Rao Weiying , Fu Hongyan
Published: February 2021

In this paper, a continuously tunable microwave photonic filter (MPF) with optical frequency comb generated by recirculating frequency shifter (RFS) based on an IQ modular is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The optical comb generated by the proposed scheme possess good flatness and high optical signal to noise ratio. Optical frequency comb with 63 comb lines can be obtained by RFS based on the single-sideband recirculating frequency shifter (SSB-RFS) scheme, by employing the optical filter with bandwidth of 10 nm and the modulation microwave signal with the frequency of 20 GHz. In addition, the modulation depth of the stable optical frequency comb exceeds 15dB, and the flatness fluctuation of optical frequency is less than 3dB. MPF with narrow bandwidth passbands has been implemented by taking the generated optical frequency comb as the optical source together with a dispersive medium. By changing the frequency of the modulation signal, the number and wavelength interval of optical frequency comb can be changed. As a result, the free spectrum range (FSR) and bandwidth of the MPF can be tuned and in our experiment the central frequencies of two passbans of the MPF has been tuned linearly from 7.38 GHz to11.30 GHz, and 14.65 GHz to 19.53 GHz, respectively.
100-km Secure Fiber Transmission of ASE-source-based Quantum-Noise Randomized Stream Cipher
Authors: Jiao Haisong , Pu Tao , Chen Yukai , Zheng Jilin
Published: February 2021

Quantum-noise stream cipher based on amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) source is experimentally investigated. With key-modulated local light as decryption signal, secure transmission of 128-level encryption is realized at 2.5Gb/s over 100-km fiber.
Spin-Momentum-Locked Edge Mode for Topological Vortex Lasing
Authors: Yang Zhen-Qian , Shao Zeng-Kai , Chen Hua-Zhou , Mao Xin-Rui , Ma Ren-Min
Published: February 2021

A topological vortex laser that relies on a novel feature in non-Hermitian topological photonic systems is demonstrated. The out-of-plane radiation feature of spin-momentum locking is reported.
A Model for the Enhancement of the Gain Saturation Power of the Forward Pumped Fiber Raman Amplifier with the Phase Modulation
Authors: Zhang Yichi , Liang Yan , Meng Zhou , Wang Jianfei , Tian Shiying
Published: February 2021

A model of enhancing the gain saturation power of the forward pumped fiber Raman Amplifier (FFRA) with the phase modulation is presented, which shows agreements with the experimental results, providing an effective reference in practice.
Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanosheets Deposited on Microfibers for Relative Humidity Sensing
Authors: Yan Zhengyu , Wang Caoyuan , Yu Ruowei , Hu Zixian , Xiao Limin
Published: February 2021

Graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets deposited on microfibers for relative humidity sensing is first demonstrated with high sensitivity. Fast response time of 0.43 s and recovery time of 0.87 s are characterized.
Vehicle Classification based on Multi-Grained Cascade Forest in Phase Sensitive Optical Time-domain Reflectometer
Authors: Chen Song , Li Yingchun , Huang Liangliang
Published: February 2021

We propose a method which use Kalman filter to preprocess the vibration signal. Furthermore, the Multi-Grained Cascade Forest algorithm is used to classify different vehicle vibration signal. The real-time recognition accuracy is 84.38%.
Thermal annealing effects on the anti-irradiation performance of fluorine doped multimode fiber
Authors: Dajuan Lyu , Wei Zheng , Fei Guo , Liangming Xiong , Wang Song , Minghong Yang
Published: February 2021

This work reports the thermal annealing influence on the radiation resistance of a graded-index multimode optical fiber, which was doped with fluorine and investigated by radiation-induced attenuation (RIA).
High-Stability multi-wavelength photonic crystal fiber laser based on figure-eight cavity
Authors: Zheng Wanjun , Ma Zhijian , Zhang Min
Published: February 2021

We propose a stable multi-wavelength erbium-doped photonic crystal fiber laser at room temperature using figure-eight cavity. The physical model and theoretical mechanism are analyzed theoretically. The power changes are less than 1dB during 100 min scan.
A Fast and High-Accuracy Optical Fiber Design Technique using LNGO algorithm and Neural Networks
Authors: Lin Jianpei , Shi Chumin , Zhang Jingxing , Mo Shuqi , Liu Jie , Yu Siyuan
Published: February 2021

A novel optical-fiber design technique is proposed based on LNGO algorithm and BP-NN. Assisted by the LNGO algorithm, high-accuracy relationship between the fiber-structure parameters and the mode-coupling coefficient can be established using BP-NN with only 2500 data samples.
1.6 μm-laser-pumped 1940 nm Gain-Switched Tm-doped Fiber Laser
Authors: Liu Shuailin , Dou Zhiyuan , Zhang Bin , Hou Jing
Published: February 2021

We demonstrate a gain-switched Tm-doped fiber laser (TDFL) pumped by a 1.6 μm mode-locked laser. The laser generates the 631.5 kHz 1940 nm gain-switched pulses with the minimum pulse duration of 14.7 ns.
Towards perfect image-contrast in lensless ghost imaging with sunlight
Authors: Karmakar Sanjit
Published: February 2021

Sunlight-based lensless ghost imaging could be used to take a picture of a distant-object with 130 µm image resolution. But the image-contrast is very low. This article reports a study of this lensless ghost imaging to achieve perfect image-contrast.
High sensitivity microbend sensor based on anti-resonant hollow-core fiber
Authors: An Donglai , Chen Xu , Wang Yingying , Gao Shoufei , Yu Xia
Published: February 2021

Optimizing period of tooth spacing could improve the sensitivity in a microbend sensor based on multimode fiber. A new design of anti-resonant hollow-core fiber has experimentally further improved the microbending sensitivity.
Contactless vital signs monitoring based on optical fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer aided with passive homodyne demodulation methods
Authors: Yang Fangang , Lyu Weimin , Pan Chengfeng , Yang Shuhan , Tan Fengze , Chen Shuyang , Yu Changyuan
Published: February 2021

Two Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) based passive homodyne demodulation methods (PGC and 3×3coupler) are conducted for heart rate (HR) and respiration rate (RR) detection.
Impulse response restoration of fiber Rayleigh scattering channel with double complementary pulses and deep learning
Authors: Liang Yongxin , Lin Shengtao , Wang Zinan , Rao Yunjiang
Published: February 2021

For enhancing the performance of phase-sensitive OTDR, the impulse response of fiber Rayleigh scattering channel can be restored by using two probing pulses (with complementary frequency sidelobes) and deep learning data-processing.
A Low-complexity Channel Estimation Algorithm for DP-CO-SEFDM Transmissions
Authors: Tang Yuqian , Yang Tao , Chen Huan , Chen Xue
Published: February 2021

An efficient channel estimation algorithm suitable for DP-CO-SEFDM transmissions is proposed and investigated. The algorithm innovatively combines the Jones matrix and specially designed OFDM pilots thereby exhibiting advantages of low complexity and high performance.
Phase-locking System in Fiber Laser Array through Deep Learning with Diffusers
Authors: Chang Qi , An Yi , Hou Tianyue , Su Rongtao , Ma Pengfei , Zhou Pu
Published: February 2021

A first-ever phase-locking system is proposed in coherent fiber laser array through deep learning (DL) with a diffuser. The simulations have demonstrated that DL is highly effective for accurate and fast phase-locking with a diffuser.
80x200 Gbit/s Real-time Un-repeated Transmission over 440 km with 2.9-b/s/Hz Spectral Efficiency
Authors: Li Junjie , Zhang Anxu , Lv Kai , Yang Yusen , Wang Haiqiang , Yan Fei , Tian Yue , Lu Peng , Zhang Zhenzhen , Jiang Lvhui , Pan Deng , Chen Jie , Yu Yi , Li Liangchuan
Published: February 2021

In this paper, we demonstrated a real-time 80x200G DWDM system in 440-km unrepeated transmission link, which is a new distance (440 km) and spectral efficiency (2.9 b/s/Hz) record of single span un-repeated DWDM system.
Large Dynamic Strain Measurement in Φ-OTDR Based on Ultra-Weak FBG Array
Authors: Hong Rui , Wang Feng , Liu Yu , Tu Guojie , Liu Zhen , Zhou Jianxin , Zhang Yixin , Zhang Xuping
Published: February 2021

We propose a new method which can measure large dynamic strain in Φ-OTDR based on ultra-weak FBG array, where the wrongly phase wrapping is corrected by the amplitude of the signal.
Multielements doped silica glass based specialty optical fibers for high power optical amplifiers
Authors: Paul Mukul Chandra , Das Shyamal , Dhar Anirban , Pal Mrinmay , Bhadra S.K. , Pillai Ramadas , Varughese Pius , Kir'yanov Alexander
Published: February 2021

We have developed multielments (Al, Ge, P, Ce, B , F) doped silica glass based Er/Yb specialty optical fibers for high power optical amplifiers showing efficiency above 41.0% with stable output power and radiation hardness behavior.
100 Gb/s PSM-4 Silicon Photonics Transceiver for Intra-Datacenter on a 200-mm Wafer
Authors: Hu Zhipeng , Shao Sizhu , Xiao Zhixiong , Zhu Xingguo , Wu Yue , Feng Junbo , Guo Jin
Published: February 2021

We report integrated four-channel 100 Gbps silicon photonics transceiver chip based on CUMEC 200-mm monolithic CSiP180Al technology platform, which can be utilized in intra-datacenter applications.
Single-lane 200-Gbps PAM-4 transmission for Datacenter Intra-Connections employing 850-nm VCSEL
Authors: Zuo Tianjian , Zhang Tingting , Zhang Sen , Liu Lei
Published: February 2021

We experimentally demonstrated an 850nm VCSEL based 200G 4-PAM transmission over 100m MMF. The DSP with ISI and non-linearity tolerances for next generation lane-rate is presented
8.23 Gbps High-speed Near-infrared VCSEL Based Facile Optical Wireless Communication System via QAM-OFDM
Authors: Wang Zhaoming , Zhang Li , Wei Zixian , Wei Guodan , Dong Yuhan , Fu H. Y.
Published: February 2021

We package a low-powered 850 nm VCSEL and design a high-speed facile optical wireless communication system using power-bit-loading algorithm over 1 m free space link. The maximum data rate is up to 8.23Gbps.
Toward Deployment of ML in Optical Networks, Transfer Learning, Monitoring and Modelling
Authors: Paudyal Paurakh , Yan Shuangyi , Simeonidou Dimitra
Published: February 2021

We present a novel approach for Quality of Transmission estimation using hybrid modelling and transfer-learning. Our method reduces the training data requirement by 80% while obtaining an MSE of 0.27dB. The approach facilitates a streamlined ML life-cycle for data collection, training and deployment.
A Distributed Federated Transfer Learning Framework for Edge Optical Network
Authors: Yang Hui , Yao Qiuyan , Zhang Jie
Published: February 2021

This paper proposes a cross-scene, cross-spectrum, and cross-service edge optical network architecture, and designs a distributed federated transfer learning (FTL) framework to provide solutions for the intelligent edge optical network.
Ultra-compact Thin Film Lithium Niobate Electro-optic Modulator with Metal-filled Photonic Crystal Waveguide
Authors: Liu Xuecheng , Xiong Bing , Sun Changzheng , Hao Zhibiao , Wang Lai , Wang Jian , Han Yanjun , Li Hongtao , Yu Jiadong , Luo Yi
Published: February 2021

A novel thin film lithium niobate modulator with metal-filled photonic crystal is proposed to greatly enhance the electro-optical interaction. Half-wave-voltage of 2 V and bandwidth over 200 GHz can be realized with a 500-μm-long device.
Automated configuration of general-purpose programmable photonic ICs: from RF equalizers to dispersion management
Authors: López Daniel Pérez
Published: February 2021

Programmable integrated photonics deals with the configuration of software-defined functions employing general-purpose photonic hardware. In this paper we describe different re-configuration methodologies applied to optical and RF equalization
A Passband and Stopband Switchable Microwave Photonic Filter Based on a Silicon Nitride Microdisk
Authors: Yang Huimin , Li Jing , Yun Binfeng
Published: February 2021

Narrow bandwidths about 300 MHz and 418 MHz were obtained for the stopband and passband microwave photonic filters, respectively. High RF rejection ratio was larger than 51 dB and the frequency tuning range was 2-25GHz.
High-Speed Short-Reach O-Band Transmission Using Advanced DSP Techniques
Authors: Yamamoto Shuto , Taniguchi Hiroki , Nakamura Masanori , Kisaka Yoshiaki
Published: February 2021

Advanced digital-signal-processing techniques are demonstrated, in which an MLSE scheme based on nonlinear channel estimation and a spectral-shaping scheme based on nonlinear differential coding enhance the tolerance to severe bandwidth limitation.
Gbps Spatial Diversity Visible Light Communication System Using a Pair 75-μm Micro-LED
Authors: Zhang Shi , Wei Zixain , Cao Zhiyuan , Chen Chien-Ju , Wang Zhaoming , Zhang Li , Wu Meng-Chyi , Dong Yuhan , Fu H. Y.
Published: February 2021

We fabricated and packaged a blue multiple quantum well (MQW) micro-LED consisting two parallel 75-μm light chips and experimentally demonstrated this micro-LED can reach up to 1.12 Gbps communication based a simple spatial diversity scheme.
Blind Shaping Rate Identification for Probabilistic Shaping Quadrature Amplitude Modulation Formats
Authors: Chen Zexin , Lu Jianing , Fu Songnian , Tang M. , Liu D. , Lu C.
Published: February 2021

We experimentally demonstrate a blind scheme enabled by a frequency offset loading technique to identify the shaping factor and modulation format of probabilistically shaped 16/64/256QAM signals with various entropies.
Single-shot detection of thermal response of thin films based on photonic time stretch
Authors: Zhang Luhe , Wang Zhi , Li Caiyun , Zhu Longfei , Zhou Mengjie
Published: February 2021

Single-shot detection method based on photonic time-stretch of femtosecond laser pulses is proposed to obtain thermal response of materials. This process improves the traditional detection technology and has potential applications in high-throughput measurement of materials.
Four-Dimensional Direct Detection Receiver Based on Stokes Vector and Differential Polarization Inner Product
Authors: Ji Honglin , Ji Tonghui , Sun Chuanbowen , Xu Zhaopeng , Unnithan Ranjith Rajasekharan , Shieh William
Published: February 2021

We propose a four-dimensional direct detection receiver based on differential polarization inner product and Stokes vector direct detection, which is experimentally verified by a reception of 30-Gbaud dual-polarization QPSK signal.
Novel Preamble Scheme for Upstream Burst-mode Coherent Detection in TDM PON
Authors: Li Jie , Yu Shaohua , Luo Ming , Zeng Tao
Published: February 2021

We propose a novel preamble scheme combined with memory-aided equalization strategy for upstream burst-mode coherent detection in TDM PON. The power budgets are 39.4-dB for 112-Gb/s PDM-QPSK system after 40-km SMF by 59.43-ns preamble.
Coverage Analysis for Centralized Optical Beamforming Based mmWave Cloud-RAN Systems
Authors: Huang Huan , Wang Xiaowen , Zhang Chongfu , Zheng Wei , Qiu Kun
Published: February 2021

A centralized optical beamforming scheme, only requiring less than half of the beamforming resources, is proposed for 5G millimeter-wave cloud radio access networks. Stochastic geometry-based coverage analysis shows that the proposed scheme achieves near-optimal performance.
Silicon subwavelength meta-structures based multifunctional problem solver
Authors: Jia Hao , Yang Shanglin , Zhou Ting , Zhang Lei , Wang Tao , Chen Haoxiang , Yang Jianhong , Yang Lin
Published: February 2021

In this paper, we utilize silicon subwavelength meta-structures as hardware solvers for multiple problem. By manipulating the evolution of optical parameters through device, we solve the permutation cipher and signal switching problem in optical field.
28 Channel PAM4 WDM Transmitter based on a Single Time Lens Source
Authors: Xu X. , Kong D. , Girouard P. D. , Lillieholm M. , Oxenløwe L. K. , Guan P.
Published: February 2021

We demonstrate a PAM4 WDM transmitter using a single Time Lens source. 28×250 Mb/s WDM PAM4 channels are generated simultaneously.
Frequency Stabilization of a Mode-locked Semiconductor Laser Using Simultaneous Optical and Optoelectronic Oscillation Feedback
Authors: Wang Huan , Qi Hefei , Zhang Ruikang , Zhang Junyi , Qie Jinhui , Lu Dan , Zhao Lingjuan
Published: February 2021

A simultaneous optical and optoelectronic oscillation feedback scheme has been demonstrated to reduce the phase noise of a mode-locked laser diode to -102 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz offset from the carrier frequency of 41GHz.
Machine Learning and Data-Driven Solutions for Cost-efficient Network Automation
Authors: Rahman Sabidur
Published: February 2021

Although a "Self-Driving" network is still a long way to go, many time-consuming and complex tasks of network management are being automated thanks to virtualization of network services, advances in machine learning, and other data-driven solutions. This study highlights recent contributions towards network automation and gives directions for future research opportunities.
Highly birefringent fiber grating laser sensors based on femtosecond laser-inscribed in-fiber stressors
Authors: Guo Kuikui , He Jun , Wang Yiping
Published: February 2021

We propose a novel dual-polarization distributed feedback fiber laser (DFB-FL) sensor based on femtosecond laser-inscribed in-fiber stressors. Simultaneous strain and temperature measurement was demonstrated by detecting the polarization beat frequency and lasing wavelength of the DFB-FL. Experimental results exhibit strain sensitivities of 34.5 kHz/µε, 1.25 pm/µε and temperature sensitivities of 684.6 kHz/°C, 11.5 pm/°C, respectively.
Multiplexing multifoci optical metasurfaces for information encoding in
the ultraviolet spectrum
Authors: Huang Jinpeng , Gao Xiang , Hu Zelin , Yan Jianchang , Yi Xiaoyan , Wang Liancheng
Published: February 2021

Recently, optical metasurfaces have attracted much attention due to
their versatile features in manipulating phase, polarization, and
amplitude of both reflected and transmitted light. Because it controls
over four degrees of freedom: phase, polarization, amplitude, and
wavelength of light wavefronts, optical cryptography is a promising
technology in information security. So far, information encoding can
be implemented by the metasurface in one-dimensional (1D) mode (either
wavelength or polarization) and in a two-dimensional (2D) mode of both
wavelength and polarization. Here, we demonstrate multiplexing
multifoci optical metasurfaces for information encoding in the
ultraviolet spectrum both in the 1D and 2D modes in the spatial zone,
composed of high-aspect-ratio aluminum nitride nanorods, which
introduce discontinuous phases through the Pancharatnam–Berry phase to
realize multifoci in the spatial zone. Since the multiplexed
multifocal optical metasurfaces are sensitive to the helicity of the
incident light and the wavelength is within the ultraviolet spectrum,
the security of the information encrypted by it would be
guaranteed.
Generation of highly pure lower-order Laguerre–Gaussian radial beams using an all-fiber multimode interference method
Authors: Bhatia Nitin
Published: February 2021

We show that the output beam exiting from the end facet of a single-mode–multimode–few-mode device can be designed to be a highly pure

LG

0
0

or

LG

1
0

mode. Our investigation provides a method to generate

LG

beams in free space using a low-cost, all-fiber solution that also shows potential for an integrated device.
Raman/EDFA hybrid bidirectional amplifier for fiber-optic time and frequency synchronization
Authors: Mu Kuanlin , Zhao Zhuoze , Wang Zhengkang , Shang Jianmin , Yu Song , Qiao Yaojun
Published: February 2021

Herein, we verify that a Raman/EDFA hybrid amplifier can improve the stability of fiber-optic time and frequency synchronization systems compared to the Er3+-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA), owing to its higher gain and lower noise figure (NF) performance. We studied the variation law of Raman gain efficiency for a fiber Raman amplifier (FRA) as a function of pump power and input signal power, designed a bidirectional Raman/EDFA hybrid amplifier, and proved that equivalent NF below 0 dB can be obtained. Finally, hybrid amplifiers were compared to EDFAs in a free-running frequency synchronization system. The transfer stabilities reached 1.9678 × 10−13/1sand 2.0248 × 10−13/1swhen FRA + EDFA and EDFA + FRA configurations were used, respectively, both exhibiting better performance than the stability of 3.0905 × 10−13/1 sobtained by EDFA.
Towards combined quantum bit detection and spatial tracking using an arrayed single-photon sensor
Authors: Donaldson Ross , Kundys Dmytro , Maccarone Aurora , Henderson Robert , Buller Gerald S. , Fedrizzi Alessandro
Published: February 2021

Experimental quantum key distribution through free-space channels requires accurate pointing-and-tracking to co-align telescopes for efficient transmission. The hardware requirements for the sender and receiver could be drastically reduced by combining the detection of quantum bits and spatial tracking signal using two-dimensional single-photon detector arrays. Here, we apply a two-dimensional CMOS single-photon avalanche diode detector array to measure and monitor the single-photon level interference of a free-space time-bin receiver interferometer while simultaneously tracking the spatial position of the single-photon level signal. We verify an angular field-of-view of 1.28° and demonstrate a post-processing technique to reduce background noise. The experimental results show a promising future for two-dimensional single-photon detectors in low-light level free-space communications, such as quantum communications.
Diffraction characteristics of a linear polarization hologram in coaxial recording
Authors: Qi Peiliang , Wang Jinyu , Yuan Xinyi , Chen Yuxin , Lin Ayuan , Song Haiyang , Zhu Lili , Tan Xiaodi
Published: February 2021

Diffraction characteristics of polarization holograms have important research significance and application prospects. In this paper, the Tensor theory was used to investigate the diffraction characteristics of a linear polarization hologram in a coaxial recording. The results show that, when the signal and reference waves are coaxial aligned, the sum of the polarized direction angles of two waves in the reconstruction process is equal to the sum of these in the recording process under the condition that, the gratings of recorded intensity response and the polarization response are in balance. The study on the diffraction characteristics of linear polarization holograms based on the Tensor theory in the coaxial recording may help us with a deeper insight into the polarization holography theory. Again, our results helped in the use of a proper design for the polarizer to change the polarization direction of the incident linear polarization waves.
Single-shot multi-depth full-field optical coherence tomography using spatial frequency division multiplexing
Authors: Moon Jungho , Lim Yong-Sik , Yoon Seokchan , Choi Wonshik
Published: February 2021

Fast 3D volumetric imaging has been essential for biology, medicine and industrial inspections, and various optical coherence tomography (OCT) methods have been developed to meet such needs. Point-scanning based approaches, such as swept-source OCT and spectral domain OCT, can obtain a depth information at once, but they require lateral scan for full 3D imaging. On the contrary, full-field OCT needs the scanning of imaging depth while it records a full lateral information at once. Here, we present a full-field OCT system that can obtain multi-depth information at once by a single-shot recording. We combine a 2D diffraction grating and a custom-made echelon to prepare multiple reference beams having different pathlengths and propagating angles. By recording a single interference image between the reflected wave from a sample and these multiple reference beams, we reconstruct full-field images at multiple depths associated with the pathlengths of the individual reference beams. We demonstrated the single-shot recording of 7 different depth images at 10 µm for biological tissues. Our method can potentially be useful for applications where high-speed recording of multiple en-face images is crucial.
Air-backed photoacoustic transmitter for significantly improving negative acoustic pressure output
Authors: Chen Yujie , Li Qi , Zhu Haobo , Wang Yan , Zhang Xinyue , Yu Hongbin
Published: February 2021

Aiming to pursue an ultrasound signal with a significantly improved negative acoustic pressure level, which is one of the critical characteristics for exciting the ultrasound cavitation effect, a real applicable air-backed photoacoustic transmitter is presented. Different from the conventional solution of relying on a complicated focusing structure design, it works based on an acoustic signal phase reversal and amplitude superposition strategy. By using an innovative sandwich-like suspending photoacoustic layer with optimized structure design, the initial backward-propagating positive sound pressure can be converted into the forward-propagating negative one efficiently. For proof-of-concept demonstration, photoacoustic transmitter prototypes adopting a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/candle soot nanoparticle/PDMS-PDMS composite as a photoacoustic conversion layer were fabricated and characterized. From experiment results, an acoustic signal with a remarkable ratio of negative pressure level to a positive one of 1.3 was successfully realized, which is the largest value ever reported, to the best of our knowledge. Moreover, when compared to the commonly used glass and PDMS-backing conditions in the photoacoustic area, nearly 200% and 400% enhancements in negative pressure output were achieved, respectively.