bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficient Computation of Lyapunov Functions Using Deep Neural Networks for the Assessment of Stability in Controller Design
Authors: Uyulan Caglar
Published: December 2023

This paper presents a deep neural network (DNN) based method to estimate approximate Lyapunov functions and their orbital derivatives, which are key to the stability of the system in control theory. Our approach addresses the challenge of the curse of dimensionality in control and optimization problems, demonstrating that the computational effort required grows only polynomically with the state dimension. This is a significant improvement over traditional methods. We emphasize that the calculated functions are approximations of Lyapunov functions and not exact representations. This distinction is important, as validating these approximations in high-dimensional environments is challenging and opens new avenues for future research. Our approach diverges from traditional grid-based approaches and moves away from relying on small-gain theorems and accurate subsystem knowledge. This flexibility is proven in deriving Lyapunov functions for the development of stabilizing feedback rules in nonlinear systems. A crucial aspect of our approach is the use of ReLU activation features in neural networks, which is steady with modern deep getting-to-know traits. We also explore the feasibility of using DNNs to estimate fairly constructive Lyapunov functions, despite the demanding situations posed through uncertainty. Our set of rules' outcomes aren't unique, highlighting the want to set up criteria for figuring out especially useful Lyapunov features. The paper culminates with the aid of emphasizing the capacity of DNNs to approximate compositional Lyapunov capabilities, especially underneath small-gain conditions, to mitigate the curse of dimensionality. Our contributions are manifold, including scalability in dealing with systems of various dimensionality, flexibility in accommodating both low and excessive-dimensional structures, and performance in computing Lyapunov features through deep learning strategies. However, challenges continue to be in the approximation accuracy and the verification of Lyapunov functions in better dimensions.
Effects of duration of uninterrupted fast in weekly intermittent fasting: Comparison of an 82-week 5:2 case report to an isocaloric modified 4:3 protocol.
Authors: Borer Katarina
Published: December 2023

Intermittent fasting (IF) approach for weight loss obviates the inconvenience of calorie counting of daily caloric restriction (DCR). It tests IF ability to better counteract a metabolic defense mechanism (MDM) than DCR. MDM obstructs weight loss and facilitates weight regain possibly by increasing hunger and efficiency of exercise energy expenditure (EEf), and by reducing resting metabolic rate (RMR) and physical activity (PA). A knowledge gap exists about whether the duration of weekly uninterrupted fasts (UFs), where the IF protocols are isocaloric, mitigate the MDM. This study compares two IF protocols that have the same weekly number of hours of fast (108) and free access to food (60), but which differ in the duration of UF. An 82-week case report was conducted with twice-weekly near-absolute 36-hour fasts on non-consecutive days (5:2-NC) and compared to ten studies with a 20-hour UF on three non-consecutive days (4:3-NC) modified through provision of a 500–600 kcal meal on fasting days. The large meal raised insulin concentration for 4 hours and reduced the UF to 8 hours followed by 12 nocturnal hours of fasting. The hypotheses were that (1) because of their matched F/E ratio, the rates of weight and fat losses will be similar in both protocols, and (2) because of its longer UF period, hunger will be higher and RMR and voluntary physical activity lower, in 5:8-NC than in M4:3-NC protocol,. The main differences between the two protocols were, (1) slower rates of weight and fat losses, (2) lower sensation of hunger and substantial decline in fullness, no change in RMR and physical activity, and 2.5 times higher post-fast concentration of the ketone body beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) in 8:2-NC compared to M4:3-NC protocol. Absence of increased hunger and the variability of the rate of weight loss in 5:2-NC protocol, plus increased EEf in one M4:3-NC study suggest that IF does not curtail MDM, but shortened UF period in M4:3-NC reduces elicitation of BHB. Thus, the addition of a large meal on fasting days is unnecessary for prevention of hunger and is counterproductive for increases in BHB and its potential health benefits.
Weakly-supervised 3D Coronary Artery Reconstruction From Two-view Angiographic Images
Authors: Liang Dongxue , Chen Shu
Published: December 2023

Background: The reconstruction of three-dimensional models of coronary arteries is of great significance for the localization, evaluation and diagnosis of stenosis and plaque in the arteries, as well as for the assisted navigation of interventional surgery. In the clinical practice, physicians use a few angles of coronary angiography to capture arterial images, so it is of great practical value to perform 3D reconstruction directly from coronary angiography images. However, this is a very difficult computer vision task due to the complex shape of coronary blood vessels, as well as the lack of data set and key point labeling.
Method:With the rise of deep learning, more and more work is being done to reconstruct 3D models of human organs from medical images using deep neural networks. We propose an adversarial and generative way to reconstruct three dimensional coronary artery models, from two different views of angiographic images of coronary arteries.
Results: we obtained an IoU of 0.407 on our combined dataset of CADSetL and CADSetR. Again, our results outperformed the five-view reconstructions of chair category (0.3717) and bench category (0.321) in the previous work .
Conclusion:By modifying the 3D reconstruction network from original GAN to WGAN, we improved the accuracy of 3D reconstruction for complex-shaped objects like the coronary arteries by a large margin over previous work.
A novel gallic acid-based anthocyanin electrospun sensor for monitoring shrimp freshness
Authors: He Hongmei , Wang Luwei , Huang Hui , Li Yongxin
Published: December 2023

In this study, a novel gallic acid-based anthocyanin electrospun sensor was developed to monitor the freshness of shrimp. The sensor containing blueberry anthocyanin as indicator dye, polyacrylonitrile as polymer, and gallic acid as copigment. The sensor was studied by SEM, FT-IR, color stability, the response to dimethylamine and trimethylamine. The results showed that the anthocyanin electrospun sensor was copigmented by gallic acid improved the color stability during storage (ΔE < 5) and sensitivity to dimethylamine and trimethylamine. The color difference of the anthocyanin-gallic acid electrospun sensor during shrimp storage over 5 days at 4°C were positively correlated with the contents of TVB-N (R2 = 0.9905) and pH (R2 = 0.9906). The color of sensors ranged from pink to purple to yellow, and they represented the freshness, medium freshness and spoilage of shrimp. The color changes were obvious by the naked eye, which proved that the anthocyanin-gallic acid sensor could evaluate the freshness of shrimp. The indicated membrane had good application value in the nondestructive testing of shrimp freshness. The combination of electrospinning technology and copigmentation provided a new idea for detecting the freshness of food.
Influence of low-concentrated transition metal oxide, Cu 2 O 3 , impurities on the structural units, ligand field characteristics, and shielding capacity of lead-based borovanadate glass
Authors: Gomaa Hosam M , Saudi H. A. , Morsy Ammar s , Zahran H. Y. , Yahia I. S.
Published: December 2023

This study focuses on the effect of low-concentrated impurities on the general characteristics of oxide glasses. In this regard, three different small amounts of Cu2O3 (0.25g, 0.5g, and 1g) have been introduced as minor impurities to the primary components of the Borovanadate lead-based glass containing Na and Ca cations. The fast quenching approach was applied in the fabrication of the desired short-range order materials, with all melt-liquids quenched in air at the same conditions, approximately. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), microhardness (H), and UV-visible spectroscopy were used to test and characterize the prepared materials. The morphologies of the XRD patterns, FTIR charts, and UV-vis spectra revealed that the prepared samples had a short-range order with an average lattice parameter of 5.5 Å and four different forming units; BO3, BO4, VO4, and PbO4. The bulk density, microhardness, nonbridging oxygen atoms, and optical absorption amplitude all increased as Cu2O3 concentration increased. Six modes of optical absorption have been observed in the measuring range of 190–800 nm, three of which are ascribed to charge transfer and three to optical transitions generated by V cations, taking in to account that the increase in Cu2O3 concentration had no effect on the ligand field. The mass attenuation coefficients (µm), effective atomic numbers (Zeff), and kerma coefficients (Ke) for gamma rays at different photon energies were determined by theoretical calculation. Cu2O3 additives improve all gamma-ray attenuation parameters by about 20-18.5%. The findings demonstrated lead borovanadate glass doped with a high Cu2O3 content in a variety of applications, including UV blockers and dark windows for sunlight protection, as well as the photo-thermal device protective covering applications and as a shield materials in nuclear applications.
Convolutional Correlation Branch Network for Image Classification
Authors: Li Chaorong , Luo Wenjie , Zhu Lihong
Published: December 2023

ResNets are currently the mainstream networks used in engineering and research. However, cellular neural networks have inherent flaws, including typical problems such as structural defects and loss of convolutional information. In view of this, we propose a multi-branch deep network based on the correlation features of feature maps. Convolution-correlated features are derived from covariance matrices of feature maps within network layers. Because the covariance matrix belongs to a Riemannian manifold, in the network branch we use a self-attention network to map it to a linear space and combine it with advanced deep features to achieve image recognition. Using the covariance information of feature maps enables the network to effectively compensate for important information that may be lost in ResNet, and the multi-branch structure of the network effectively solves the problem of gradient disappearance or explosion during deep network training.The experimental results of image classification on four data sets: Cifar-10, Cifar-100,Flower-102 and Car-196 show that our proposed network significantly improves the performance of existing networks. It is worth noting that the multi-branch network model based on cooperative prevention difference we proposed can also be extended to the Transformer network, so it has good application prospects.
Prosthetic joint infection caused by group D Salmonella: a rare case report and review of literature
Authors: Barbiero Anna , Graziani Lucia , Piccica Matteo , Raspanti Francesco , Zanna Luigi , Mugnaini Marco , Attala Letizia , Pietro Massimo Antonio Di
Published: December 2023

Total joint arthroplasties (TJAs) are increasing among the population; as a possible complication, prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) are gaining growing attention. While most common pathogens involved in PJI are Gram-positive bacteria, Salmonella spp. is a rare cause of PJI. Moreover, most cases of reported PJI caused by Salmonella spp. involve hip-arthroplasty rather than knee arthroplasty. For these reasons, indications for the best surgical and medical management of PJI involving knee-arthroplasties caused by Salmonella spp. are not clear. We report a case of knee-PJI caused by group D Salmonella in a 68-year-old woman from Romania, who was successfully treated with a two-stage revision surgery. Based on antimicrobial susceptibility of the cultural isolate, antibiotic therapy was administered between the two surgical stages and 4 weeks post-operatively. The patient was initially treated with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 160mg/800mg per os tid; due to adverse effects, antimicrobial therapy was switched, after 15 days of treatment, to ertapenem 1g/day. At one year post-operatively, no sign or symptoms of relapse of the PJI were identified. The report of such rare but challenging cases shows that clinical success is achievable through appropriate medical and surgical management, which should be based on a strong collaboration between orthopedics and infectious disease specialists.
RETRACTED: Variability among maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines for agro- morphological traits
Authors: Shrestha Jiban , Ghimire Surya Kant , Dhakal Krishna Hari , Tripathi Mahendra Prasad
Published: December 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Time-Varying Lorentz Force Field by 4-Pole Rotating Magnetic Field
Authors: Bai YunFeng
Published: December 2023

The induced electromagnetic field (iEMf) and the time-varying Lorentz force field (tvLFf) generated by a 4-pole magnetic field are studied in a 2D model, simplified from a round billet continuous casting model. The results are as follows: ①Both the 90° spatial rotational symmetry of the 2D geometric model, and the 90° phase (or time) rotational symmetry from the 2-phase exciting currents collectively determine the fundamental features of the iEMf and tvLFf in the ROI; ②The force ellipses in most of the ROI have the same rotational direction as the rotating magnetic field; ③The region near the connecting lines of the magnetic pole pairs typically contributes more to the tangential force and time-mean component of the force ellipse; ④The effects of the mold on the iEMf and tvLFf are uiquitous: it weakens the Strength and alters the Morphology features and Tide features.
Analysis of damage to ship personnel in different seated postures by near-field underwater explosions
Authors:   School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Li Kai
Published: December 2023

With the frequent occurrence of ship explosion accidents at sea, the safety of ships and crews has attracted much attention. At present, the research on crew injury is relatively weak. Consequently, the current study constructs a numerical model of the ship structure-crew-blast flow field to investigate the discrepancies in injury response of crew members across different sitting postures. LS-DYNA software is used for simulation and direct analysis to evaluate the damage of crew members in different positions under 100 kg TNT equivalent and 2 m blast distance conditions, and the relationship between different explosive equivalents and crew damage is analyzed. The results demonstrate that for crew members situated in working compartment, the injuries incurred across different sitting postures also differed. The lower leg and foot sections were at greater injury risks, while the head area was associated with minimal damage risks. Altering upper body postures of the crew human body had only a very small impact on lower extremity injuries. Moreover, positive correlations were exhibited between explosive equivalents and crew injury values. The research findings may offer references for injury analysis and protective device design of naval personnel.
Dependence relationship between insurance demand and some economic, financial, and socio-demographic factors: Evidence from different groups of European countries
Authors: Athanasiadis Stavros , Šulista Marek , Mrkvička Tomáš
Published: December 2023

The insurance sector is a significant component of the economy and its financial system. Therefore, sound growth and protection of the insurance industry against systemic risks are critical requirements for any country’s social and economic development. The paper analyzes the dependence between insurance demand represented by insurance penetration and various factors from economics, finance, socio-demographics, and institutions. The analysis is conducted within certain clusters of European countries, which are determined by functional clustering analysis concerning the magnitude and shape of the insurance penetration curves. The dependence is analyzed via linear mixed-effect models. The analysis shows significantly different dependencies between the clusters, proving the existence of different conditions for different European insurance markets, especially concerning economic growth, income, financial development, and unemployment. In contrast, interest rates, inflation, urbanization, and education do not play a significant role in these insurance markets. The institutional development seems insignificant for all clusters except for certain economies in transition. The findings imply that there is a need for countries across Europe to identify country-specific determinants of insurance. In that respect, European policymakers and managers can direct specific policies based on the identified determinants’ relationship with insurance, especially in developing countries.
Rurality and race in heart failure risk: Insights from the Southern Community Cohort Study
Authors: Kotit Susy
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Rural-urban health disparities are apparent in the burden of disease and health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease (CVD), specifically heart failure (HF). However, the factors influencing these disparities are not fully understood.

Study and results: Among 27,115 participants in the Southern Community Cohort Study (SCCS) (mean age: 54 years (47-65)), 18,647 (68.8%) were black, 8,468 (32.3%) were white, and 20% resided in rural areas. Over a median 13-year follow-up period, 7,542 HF events occurred (rural=1,865 vs. urban=5,677). The age-adjusted HF incidence was 29.6 (95% CI,28.9-30.5) and 36.5 (95% CI, 34.9-38.3) per 1,000 person-years for urban and rural participants, respectively (P<.001).

The risk of HF associated with rurality varied by race and sex. Rural black men had the highest risk across all groups (HR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.19-1.51) (age-adjusted incidence rate: 40.4/1000 person-years (95% CI, 36.8-44.3)) followed by black women (HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.08-1.28) and white women (HR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.07-1.39). Rurality was not associated with HF risk among white men (HR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.81-1.16).
The cardio-oncology continuum: Bridging the gap between cancer and cardiovascular care
Authors: Shaik Tanveer , Bhavsar Jill , Garg Shreya , Gupta Vasu , Kanagala Sai Gautham , Jain Rohit
Published: December 2023

Cancer and cardiovascular disease are two of the leading causes of death worldwide. Although cancer has historically been viewed as a condition characterized by abnormal cell growth and proliferation, it is now recognized that cancer can lead to a variety of cardiovascular diseases. This is due to the direct impact of cancer on the heart and blood vessels, which can cause myocarditis, pericarditis, and vasculitis. Additionally, cancer patients frequently experience systemic effects such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic dysregulation, which can contribute to the development of cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. It is important to closely monitor patients with cancer, especially those undergoing chemotherapy or radiation therapy, for cardiovascular risk factors and promptly address them. This article aims to explore the clinical implications of the underlying mechanisms connecting cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Our analysis highlights the need for improved cooperation between oncologists and cardiologists, and specialized treatment for cancer survivors.
Foucault y Deleuze: convergencias epistemológicas y políticas
Authors: Antonelli Marcelo
Published: December 2023

El debate que aborda el cruce entre Foucault y Deleuze oscila entre dos polos, según se resalten las convergencias o las divergencias entre estos autores: se los aproxima para unificarlos, o bien se los aleja debido a desacuerdos inconciliables. En este artículo sostenemos que, pese a indudables diferencias en sus recorridos de pensamiento, comparten posiciones filosóficas nodales, entre las que destacamos las siguientes: rechazan los universales, proponen estudiar las multiplicidades, analizan el poder desde una perspectiva “molecular”, reformulan la función del intelectual y critican la representación política. Antes de fundamentar estos puntos de correspondencia, retomamos el interrogante acerca de las razones para cruzar a Deleuze y a Foucault, dado que no es una asociación arbitraria. También hacemos algunas precisiones metodológicas con el ánimo de diferenciar nuestro abordaje de otros ya ensayados, y argumentamos en favor de las tesis comunes a ambos, específicamente en los ámbitos epistemológico y político.
Lavater y el “alma socrática” de Mendelssohn: del conocimiento a la conversión
Authors: Ríos Flores Pablo
Published: December 2023

El 25 de agosto de 1769, Johann Caspar Lavater envió a Moses Mendelssohn una dedicatoria junto con la traducción de algunas secciones de La palingénésie philosophique, de Charles Bonnet. En esta dedicatoria, Lavater desafió a Mendelssohn a refutar públicamente los argumentos de Bonnet sobre la verdad del cristianismo o, en caso contrario, “hacer lo que Sócrates habría hecho si hubiera leído esta obra y la hubiera encontrado irrefutable”. En su réplica a Lavater, Mendelssohn interpreta este desafío como un llamado a la conversión. El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar el modo en que los ideales de conocimiento y evidencia de Lavater están inextricablemente unidos a su celo misionero.
Augusto Del Noce e l’origine della valutazione critica del moderno. L’incontro con Niccolò Machiavelli
Authors: Salimbeni Filippo
Published: December 2023

Lo scopo di questo articolo consiste nel rilevare il peso del pensiero di Machiavelli, a volte tralasciato dagli studiosi di Del Noce, non solo nella ricostruzione della modernità delnociana a partire dal pensiero di Cartesio, ma anche nell’elaborazione di una proposta politica cristiana durante il secondo dopoguerra italiano, proposta che si presenterà proprio nei termini di superamento del dualismo cartesiano e recupero della dimensione storico-politica al pensiero religioso. Cercheremo di offrire innanzitutto un’esatta ricostruzione dei caratteri del dualismo cartesiano, inquadrandolo fin da subito all’interno di quello che Del Noce definisce come l’orizzonte condizionante rappresentato dall’eredità del pensiero di Machiavelli. Riteniamo che tale prospettiva possa dare nuova luce all’interpretazione del pensiero di Marx da parte di Del Noce, punto di partenza della sua intera riflessione. Analizzeremo nessi e differenze tra l’impostazione marxista e quella di Machiavelli, per poter infine concludere accennando ai compiti che il pensiero cristiano deve oggi assumere rispetto alla sfera politica.
La unión de la lógica y la metafísica en Hegel: el problema de la escisión entre pensar y ser
Authors: Ortigosa Andrés
Published: December 2023

Una parte del contexto actual en el que se interpreta a Hegel tiene un profundo sesgo kantiano. Por ello, es acuciante reivindicar la independencia y originalidad de Hegel frente a Kant. Con este fin, en este artículo explico la relevancia de la concepción de la metafísica y la lógica en Hegel. En un primer periodo en Jena es cierto que Hegel sigue las ideas de Kant, pero en Núremberg su Ciencia de la lógica marca la separación final entre él y Kant.
La superación del espíritu de venganza. Polo frente a Nietzsche
Authors: García González Juan
Published: December 2023

El análisis de la noción de “espíritu de venganza” permite comparar la voluntad de poder nietzscheana con la libertad trascendental poliana con el fin de ampliar la metafísica con una antropología trascendental. La voluntad de poder supera el espíritu de venganza con el eterno retorno de lo mismo, pero está abocada al nihilismo. La libertad trascendental, por su referencia al futuro, supera el espíritu de venganza de mejor modo, pues se abre a la alteridad intersubjetiva.
Algal systems for resource recovery from waste and wastewater
Authors: Khandelwal A. , Lens P. N. L.
Published: December 2023

This chapter provides an overview of the book. The introduction highlights the need for algal-based technologies in waste management and resource recovery in order to boost the circular bioeconomy globally. The book is divided into four parts, consisting of twelve chapters in total, which provide a detailed description of topics ranging from process fundamentals to up-to-date information on various modern algal-based technologies for waste remediation, nutrient recovery, and simultaneous energy generation. The book is suitable for students, research professionals and policymakers who are working in the domain of environmental engineering/sciences, wastewater treatment and renewable energy.
The System of Indigenous Peoples’ Protection in BRICS States: An Overview of Legal and Litigation Support
Authors: Gladun E. , Zadorin M.
Published: December 2023

This article provides an overview of the international obligations of the BRICS member states related to the protection of indigenous peoples’ rights, as well as discusses the current trends in the ethno-national policies of those countries. The authors arrive at the conclusion that though the majority of the BRICS states are parties to the basic human rights agreements, there is no full-fledged agreement on the protection of indigenous peoples within the BRICS framework specifically addressing the rights of indigenous people, even though the countries collectively have aboriginal communities. One of the primary and major reasons why the BRICS countries are reluctant to assume obligations under the existing agreements compared to the Euro-Atlantic bloc of Western states is the motley ethno-cultural “palette” of these countries, which complicates public administration in this area of legal relations. Both India and China are state parties to the International Labor Organization Convention 107, which provides for “paternalism” and “integration” of the indigenous population without explicitly recognizing their “right to self-determination” and development within the framework of this right. The main problems associated with ethnopolitics in the BRICS countries are those pertaining to the provision of legal frameworks and litigation support to uphold the right to self-identification, protection of the native language and the preservation of traditional uses of natural resources.
The Differences in the Binding of IgM and IgG Antibodies with Erythrocytes
and Epithelial Cells
Authors: Grigoryevich Kravchun Pavlo , Leontyeva Frida , Dielievska Valentyna , Povelichenko Olena
Published: December 2023

Background::

The studies of agglutinating and adsorbing abilities of IgM and IgG antibodies towards the red blood cells (RBCs) and tissue cells are scarce.

background:

The studies of agglutinating and adsorbing abilities of IgM and IgG antibodies towards the red blood cells (RBCs) and tissue cells are scarce.

Objectives::

The study aimed to estimate the differences in the avidity of blood group-specific IgM and IgG antibodies to RBCs and epithelial cells.

Methods::

The reaction of hemagglutination, adsorption, mixed agglutination reaction and saliva inhibition test were used. Anti-B 2-54 monoclonal antibody,
polyclonal citrated plasma and the heated plasma were used for investigation of IgM and IgG antibodies.

Results::

IgM antibodies showed high adsorbing ability to RBCs and epithelial cells in an alkaline medium.
On the contrary, the heated plasma containing IgG antibodies showed high adsorbing ability to RBCs and epithelial cells in the acid medium as
compared to the alkaline medium. Complete adsorption of IgG antibodies was observed by epithelial cells as compared to erythrocytes.
A mixed agglutination reaction confirmed the strong binding of anti-B IgG antibodies with group B epithelial cells in an acid medium.

Conclusion::

The binding of polyclonal IgM and IgG group-specific antibodies with red blood cells and epithelial cells depends on the opposite values of pH of
the medium. IgG antibodies completely adsorb on epithelial cells contrary to IgM antibodies.

Highlights::

Blood group-specific IgG antibodies showed high avidity to epithelial cells as compared to red blood cells. IgG antibodies demonstrated high
agglutinating ability in alkaline medium and strong adsorbing ability in acid medium contrary to IgM antibodies, demonstrating high adsorption
properties in alkaline medium.
Neuropathy, its Profile and Experimental Nerve Injury Neuropathic Pain Models:
A Review
Authors: Kumar Sharma Krishana , Fatima Nishat , Ali Zeeshan , Moshin Mohd. , Chandra Phool , Verma Anurag , Goshain Omprakash , Kumar Gajendra
Published: December 2023

Neuropathy is a terrible disorder that has a wide range of etiologies. Drug-induced neuropathy,
which happens whenever a chemical agent damages the peripheral nerve system, has been linked here to the
iatrogenic creation of some drugs. It is potentially permanent and causes sensory impairments and paresthesia
that typically affects the hands, feet, and stockings; motor participation is uncommon. It might appear suddenly
or over time, and the long-term outlook varies. The wide range of chronic pain conditions experienced by
people has been one of the main obstacles to developing new, more effective medications for the treatment of
neuropathic pain. Animal models can be used to examine various neuropathic pain etiologies and symptoms.
Several models investigate the peripheral processes of neuropathic pain, whereas some even investigate the
central mechanisms, such as drug induce models like vincristine, cisplatin, bortezomib, or thalidomide, etc.,
and surgical models like sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury (CCI), sciatic nerve ligation through spinal
nerve ligation (SNL), sciatic nerve damage caused by a laser, SNI (spared nerve injury), etc. The more popular
animal models relying on peripheral nerve ligatures are explained. In contrast to chronic sciatic nerve contraction,
which results in behavioral symptoms of less reliable stressful neuropathies, (SNI) spared nerve injury
generates behavioral irregularities that are more feasible over a longer period. This review summarizes the
latest methods models as well as clinical ideas concerning this mechanism. Every strongest current information
on neuropathy is discussed, along with several popular laboratory models for causing neuropathy.
A Novel In silico Filtration Method for Discovery of Encrypted Antimicrobial
Peptides
Authors: Barneh Farnoosh , Nazarian Ahmad , Mousavi Nadoshan Rezvan , Pooshang Bagheri Kamran
Published: December 2023

Background:

Antibacterial resistance has been one of the most important causes of death
in the last few decades, necessitating the need to discover new antibiotics. Antimicrobial peptides
(AMPs) are among the best candidates due to their broad-spectrum and potent activity against bacteria
and low probability of developing resistance against them.

Objective:

In this study, we proposed a novel filtration method using knowledge-based approaches to
discover encrypted AMPs within a protein sequence.

Methods:

The encrypted AMPs were selected from a protein sequence, in this case, lactoferrin, based
on hydrophobicity, cationicity, alpha-helix structure, helical wheel projection, and binding affinities
to gram-negative and positive bacterial membranes.

Results:

Six out of 20 potential encrypted AMPs were ultimately selected for further assays. Molecular
docking of the selected AMPs with outer and inner membranes of gram-negative bacteria and also
gram-positive bacterial membranes showed reasonable binding affinity ranging from ‘-6.7 to -7.5’ and ‘-
4.5 to -5.7’ and ‘-4.6 to -5.7’ kcal/mol, respectively. No toxicity was shown in the candidate AMPs.

Conclusion:

According to in silico results, our method succeeded to discover six new encrypted
AMPs from human lactoferrin, designated as lactoferrin-derived peptides (LDPs). Further in silico
and experimental assays should also be performed to prove the efficiency of our knowledge-based
filtration method.
A Comprehensive Review on Peptic Ulcer
Authors: Gaur Rishabh , Sandhuja Mohit , Snehi Varsha , Ved Akash , Shukla Karuna Shanker , Singh Arpita , Pathak Devender , Kulshreshtha Mayank
Published: December 2023

Up to 10% people in the world are affected by a chronic condition known as peptic ulcer. Peptic ulcer development is influenced by the pH of gastric juice and a decline in mucosal defenses. Protonpump inhibitors, histamine (H2) receptor antagonists, prostaglandin analogues and sucralfate have all
been used to treat peptic ulcer disease. There has been a continuing search for an appropriate, palliative,
and curative agent for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease using natural materials of plant and animal
origin due to the complexity, cost, and toxicity of these medications. The goal of this review was to examine medicinal plants, phytochemicals, pathways, and research models that have been applied to the treatment of PUD in order to assess the potential contribution of natural substances to the development of
herbal treatments for PUD. A literature search was used to find information utilising electronic databases
such as Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, Sci Finder, Reaxys, and Cochrane.
The Origin of Topological Insulators
Authors: Wasim M.
Published: December 2023

On the surfaces of several insulators, unusual metallic states exist. These states are created by topological phenomena, which also make the movement of electrons over interfaces that are impervious to impurity scattering. These types of topographical insulators could open up innovative pathways for creating novel phases and particles, which might find value in spintronics and quantum computing applications.
Fundamentals Concepts of Topological Insulators: Historical Overview and Single Crystal Growth Techniques
Authors: Bhongade T.
Published: December 2023

Topological insulating materials symbolize a novel matter in the form of quantum states distinguished by distinctive core and surfaces mainly arising from macroscopic wave functions. The bulk property of the insulator grants its band structure exotic features owing to which, the material depicts an insulating core and conducting surface. Such inherent characteristics ensure that the electrons propagate along the surface. Herein, we present an informative review of topological insulating materials focusing on the basic theories, and synthesis routes to achieve single crystal structures and material properties. At the start, a historical perspective is provided with a brief discussion on topological insulators reported to date. Thereafter, a detailed account is bestowed to understand different preparation methodologies from viewpoints of defect engineering and prototype fabrication in order to realize high-quality topological insulators for subsequent roles in customized applications in the fields of quantum computing, catalysis, optoelectronic and magnetic devices. Lastly, a future outlook and the impact of topological insulators in various fields of physics, chemistry, and engineering are furnished toward the end of the chapter.
Applications of MXenes in EMI shielding
Authors: Swapnalin J.
Published: December 2023

The tremendous growth of wireless communication and smart nano-micro electronic devices has triggered electromagnetic interference (EMI) pollution in the environment. EMI is a significant problem concerning both animals and humankind. Various problems like data leakage, interferences from electronic devices and health hazards can be addressed with an efficient electromagnetic (EM) wave shielding material. In this chapter, a new research interest, 2D material, is studied to investigate their EMI shielding capacity. 2D MXene are transition metal carbides or nitrides obtained from the parent MAX phase resulting in orderly stacked layers. Better EMI shielding mechanism within 2D layers and enhanced absorption in various composites of MXene are summarized.
Prawa i wolność chłopów w Konstytucji 3 maja
Authors: Wątor Łukasz
Published: December 2023

Celem niniejszej pracy było ukazanie praw i wolności chłopów w artykułach Konstytucji 3 maja. Przedstawiono jak wyglądała pańszczyzna i status prawny najniższego stanu przed uchwaleniem Ustawy Rządowej. W artykule opisano również czy próba wprowadzenia zmian miała wpływ na zmiany społeczne na ziemiach polskich i czy były one poparte przez społeczeństwo. Ponadto poddano pod rozważania tezę, czy Konstytucja 3 maja miała wpływ na rozwój idei społecznych i narodowych wśród chłopstwa.
Prawo do znaczącego milczenia
Authors: Prokop Adam R.
Published: December 2023

Dąmbska (1904–1983) wyodrębniła w teorii sygnikatywnego milczenia możliwe drogi poszukiwania znaczeń dla tego zjawiska. Jedną z nich stanowił element taktycznego działania, inną kategoria etyczna. Następnie Rokoszowa (1947–1997) powiązała na poziomie językoznawczym ów fenomen z prawem świadka, a także oskarżanego, do milczenia. W artykule pokazano możliwe znaczenia wykorzystania tegoż prawa, do dzisiaj różnie interpretowanego. Przykłady zaczerpnięte zostały z beletrystyki oraz kinematografii.
Podręczniki do nauczania języka polskiego wobec figury Innego. Studium podręczników z serii Między nami
Authors: Cichocki Eryk
Published: December 2023

Artykuł traktuje o obecności figur Innego w podręcznikach do nauczania języka polskiego na drugim etapie edukacyjnym. Praca charakteryzuje teoretyczne podstawy i źródła w mówieniu o inności, zawiera analizę fundamentalnych składników definiujących kogoś jako nie-Swojego, a w części empirycznej analizuje zawartość tekstów na podstawie wyznaczonych kryteriów konfrontacji. Praca może przysłużyć się zarówno badaczom dydaktyki języka i literatury polskiej, jak i może okazać się pomocą przy planowaniu zajęć z języka polskiego o Innym.
„Przyszłość ludzkości idzie przez rodzinę”. Filmowe obrazy życia rodzinnego we współczesnym świecie, red. J. K. Wawrzynów, W. Z. Wojtyra, Wyższe Seminarium Duchowne Franciszkanów Prowincji Świętej Jadwigi, Wrocław 2022, ss. 186
Authors: Mitek Jarosław
Published: December 2023

Recenzja książki.
Menke Karl-Heinz, Bycie chrześcijaninem jako zastępstwo, tłum. J. Machnacz, Wrocław: Towarzystwo im. Edyty Stein, Dom Edyty Stein, 2020, ISBN: 978-83-949897-7-4
Authors: Prokop Adam R.
Published: December 2023

Recenzja książki.
Avances en la Comprensión sobre Salud Sexual y Reproductiva: Hallazgos en Estudiantes de Educación Secundaria
Authors: López Paredes Silvana Ximena , Rea Guamán Mery Rocío , Rea Tocta Edgar Vinicio , Punina Quinabanda Gissela Mariuxi
Published: December 2023

El objetivo central de este estudio fue evaluar y fortalecer el conocimiento y actitudes relacionadas con la salud sexual y reproductiva en estudiantes de la unidad educativa Guaranda. A través de una metodología robusta, basada en el instrumento "Design and validation of a brief questionnaire to assess young's sexual knowledge" propuesto por León & Gómez (2020), se desarrollaron dos evaluaciones fundamentales: un pre-test y un post-test, con el fin de determinar el impacto de las intervenciones educativas diseñadas. Los hallazgos iniciales del pre-test destacaron áreas de mejora, como la comprensión básica sobre sexualidad y el uso adecuado de anticonceptivos. Posterior a las intervenciones educativas, los resultados del post-test evidenciaron avances significativos en el grupo estudiado: un incremento del 15% al 64% en respuestas que indican altos niveles de conocimiento sobre salud sexual, y un aumento del 32% al 73% en el reconocimiento y uso correcto de anticonceptivos. A pesar de estas mejoras, se identificó un grupo del 5% que, por diversas razones, optó por no responder algunas cuestiones en el post-test. Este dato resalta la necesidad de personalizar y adaptar aún más las estrategias educativas, considerando factores socioculturales que puedan influir en la percepción y aceptación de temas relacionados con la salud sexual. Finalmente, este estudio reafirma la importancia de implementar programas educativos sólidos y basados en evidencia en el ámbito escolar. Las intervenciones efectivas, como las llevadas a cabo en este estudio, no solo fomentan un conocimiento adecuado, sino que también promueven actitudes y comportamientos saludables en relación con la sexualidad en los jóvenes. Es imperativo continuar investigando y adaptando estrategias para garantizar una educación sexual integral y efectiva
Palabras clave: salud sexual; reproducción; educación sexual
Correction: The BioRef Infrastructure, a Framework for Real-Time, Federated, Privacy-Preserving, and Personalized Reference Intervals: Design, Development, and Application (Preprint)
Authors: Blatter Tobias Ueli , Witte Harald , Fasquelle-Lopez Jules , Nakas Christos Theodoros , Raisaro Jean Louis , Leichtle Alexander Benedikt
Published: December 2023

UNSTRUCTURED
Clinical and morphological characteristics and diagnosis of external haemangiomas in children
Authors: Toktosunova S. , Toktosunov A. , Sharshenov U.
Published: December 2023

Background. The relevance lies in the increasing occurrence of haemangiomas in children under 1 year old when diagnosis confirmation through morphological methods is necessary. The purpose of the research is to characterise the histological initial and final changes of cutaneous haemangiomas and to present the main clinical manifestations of haemangiomas in children. Materials and methods. Several clinical (for detailed diagnosis of the disease), morphological (histological examination of the material) and statistical methods were used in the work. The object of the research was 98 children with haemangiomas of the facial skin aged 6 months to 16 years. Results. The morphological study demonstrated that in 49 cases (50 %), the typical simple capillary structure of haemangioma was identified, in 35 cases (35.7 %) — cavernous type of neoplasm. Only 18.3 % of the children had combined haemangiomas. Capillary-type haemangiomas contain many small capillaries with a narrow lumen, covered by adhering fleshy epithelium. Conclusions. During the phase of the active growth of haemangiomas, there is a predominance of massive endothelial cells, suggesting that the vascular component, particularly proliferating epithelium-lined capillaries, makes up the main and largest part of the hyperplasia.
Clinical variants of the coronavirus disease in children (review of literature)
Authors: Bulat L.M. , Lysunets O.V. , Didyk N.V.
Published: December 2023

The problem of coronavirus disease (COVID) requires further study and generalization because the pathogenetic mechanisms are not fully elucidated, and the clinical data are varied. Therefore, it is necessary to accumulate data about the features of coronavirus disease in patients of different age groups in order to enrich the clinical experience. The treatment and diagnosis outcomes were used to make a conclusion about clinical manifestation in pediatric COVID patients. The data were extracted using PubMed/MEDLINE and Google Scholar databases. Generally, important components of coronavirus disease pathogenesis are viral tropism for cell host, cytokine storm, endothelial dysfunction, hemodynamic instability, and dehydration. These pathogenic ways lead to multiorgan injury, so clinical signs of coronavirus infection might be different. It depends on a system that suffers from coronavirus. However, pediatric COVID infection can be mild with respiratory signs, or it can be a multisystem inflammatory syndrome. On the other hand, there are typically laboratory features of coronavirus disease, including a significant rise in inflammatory and coagulation markers such as C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, fibrinogen and D-dimer. Moreover, coronavirus has displaced other expected etiological factors of some acute upper and lower respiratory tract infections and caused acute stenosis laryngitis, bronchiolitis, or pneumonia. Interestingly, coronavirus might be a cause of Kawasaki disease, therefore, physicians should pay attention to all clinical and laboratory signs in children in order to make a clear decision about diagnosis and treatment. The benefits of this study consist in presentation of pediatric COVID features. Modern knowledge will allow to choose necessary diagnostic test in time. General practitioners will be able to refer the patients to hospital before complication arise.
Regulation of microRNA with food. Part 2. Food of animal origin
Authors: Abaturov A.E. , Babуch V.L.
Published: December 2023

The scientific review considers the mechanisms of microRNA regulation of biological processes in the human body with the help of food products, namely those of animal origin. To write the article, information was searched using Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE, PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, Global Health, The Cochrane Library databases. It is known that micro­RNA molecules of milk retain their biological activity in the digestive tract for a long time, reach the intestinal mucosa and penetrate the internal continuum of the body. It is stated that in breast milk, microRNAs are mainly found in extracellular vesicles, which are signalosomes that mediate the effectiveness of molecular communication between the mother and her child. Breast milk has been shown to contain about 1,400 different miRNAs, most of which are located in exosomes. The authors indicate that the representation of miRNA in breast milk changes during the postpartum period. Scientists believe that large amounts of microRNAs are found both in raw cow’s milk and in commercial dairy foods. Formulas are miRNA-deficient dairy foods. The authors provide data that miR-148a deficiency is associated with the development of pathological processes of the hepatobiliary system such as inflammation, liver fibrosis, carcinogenesis and lipid metabolism disorders. It has been shown that meat products contain large amounts of various miRNAs, which can retain their functional activity even after heat treatment. So, in a comprehensive review using the latest information search databases, it was found that in the modern scientific li­terature, the authors determine the horizontal transfer of numerous microRNA molecules from animals to the human body. The main food product that restores microRNA deficiency is milk. Breast milk contains mRNA, microRNA and many other active substances. Feeding children with formulas leads to a pronounced deficiency of exogenous miRNAs. The change in the structure of the human transcriptome is due to the consumption of meat products.