bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The relationship between leisure activities and mental health: The impact of resilience and COVID‐19
Authors: Takiguchi Yuta , Matsui Mie , Kikutani Mariko , Ebina Kota
Published: August 2022

Engaging in leisure activities promotes mental health. The effect is likely associated with resilience as the broaden‐and‐build theory suggests positive emotions elicited from leisure increase mental resources for stress coping. The present research examined whether participating in different leisure activities at a given time increases the level of resilience, which in turn reduces psychological problems. It also investigated the changes in people's leisure activities due to the COVID‐19 outbreak and the impact of these changes on their mental health. Japanese participants (N = 300) responded to two online surveys conducted before (January 2020) and after the outbreak (February 2021). They selected the leisure activities they had engaged in from 100 choices and reported their levels of resilience and depressive symptoms. An analysis of covariates revealed that the total number of selected activities significantly reduced in the second survey, but the levels of resilience and depressive symptoms remained constant. Regression analysis showed that the reduction in leisure activities did not predict depressive symptoms. However, structural equation modeling established that the relationship between leisure and depression was mediated by resilience, supporting the initial hypothesis. Importantly, this relationship slightly differed by age group, likely because popular activities and their psychological impacts vary depending on age.
Mine, yours, ours, or no one's? Homeownership arrangements among cohabiting and married couples
Authors: Pugliese Maude , Belleau Hélène
Published: August 2022

Multiple studies examine how couples organize their economic resources, but most focus on wages, with little attention to assets. This paper helps to fill this research gap in Québec (Canada) by asking what proportion of married and cohabiting different‐sex couples of working age jointly own their primary residence, instead of remaining in more independent arrangements regarding this asset—either through individual ownership of the home by the man or the woman or by not owning one at all. Also, drawing on transaction cost and institutional approaches to economic organization, we explore variation on several relationship characteristics. Individual ownership is uncommon, especially by the woman, but it is more prevalent among couples with little time together and who do not have children. Individual ownership is also more common among income‐unequal couples than equal ones, because, we argue, it allows primary earners to cover housing costs without transferring wealth. Those results advance knowledge on both within‐household wealth inequality and conjugal redistributive practices.
Involvement of strawberry notch homologue 1 in neurite outgrowth of cortical neurons
Authors: Erkhembaatar Munkhsoyol , Yamamoto Iroha , Inoguchi Fuduki , Taki Kosuke , Yamagishi Satoru , Delaney Leanne , Mariko Nishibe , Abe Takaya , Kiyonari Hiroshi , Hanashima Carina , Naka‐kaneda Hayato , Ihara Dai , Katsuyama Yu
Published: August 2022

When the regulation of axonal and dendritic growth is altered, the neuronal network becomes disordered, which may contribute to the development of psychiatric disorders. Some genome analyses have suggested relationships between mutations in strawberry notch homologue 1 (SBNO1) and neurodevelopmental disorders. However, the function of SBNO1 has not yet been reported. Here, SBNO1 expression pattern during the development of the cerebral cortex in mice was examined. SBNO1 was strongly expressed in the cortical plate and its expression was maintained at a low level during the postnatal stage. CRISPR/Cas9‐based knockout of Sbno1 in Neuro2A cultured cells showed delayed growth of neurites. A cortical neuron‐specific conditional knockout mouse was constructed, which resulted in hypotrophy of axon bundles and dendrites in cortical neurons. Thus, when mutated, SBNO1 is a candidate gene for psychiatric diseases, such as schizophrenia, as suggested by human genome studies.
Taxonomic and functional diversity patterns of stream fish assemblages from Brazilian Atlantic Rain Forest
Authors: Cetra Mauricio , Garibaldi Lucas Alejandro , Teresa Fabrício Barreto , Peressin Alexandre , Cruz Bruna Botti , de Mello Bruno José Gomes , Teshima Fernanda Ayumi , da Silva Almeida Rodrigo
Published: August 2022

Disentangling the hierarchical structure of river systems and multi‐scale environmental effects is essential for understanding freshwater fish community structure and function. We sampled 70 stream stretches to investigate how the taxonomic and functional composition and diversity of fish assemblages responded to the environment considering a hierarchical organisation of streams in three Brazilian watersheds (Upper Sorocaba, Upper Paranapanema and Upper Ribeira de Iguape). Functional diversity indicated that stream fish community function was independent of the watershed. The most critical environmental variable was substrate gradient. In streams with a consolidated substrate, equitability and functional dispersion were low due to invertivores occurring in this type of substrate. Our results highlight the importance of local environmental filters for shaping streams fish assemblages across different basins. This shaping was more evident when functional descriptors of assemblages were analysed, thereby reinforcing the importance of an approach based on traits as a tool to elucidate local community assembly processes at broader spatial scales.
The Xanthomonas type III effector XopAP prevents stomatal closure by interfering with vacuolar acidification
Authors: Liu Longyu , Li Ying , Xu Zhengyin , Chen Huan , Zhang Jingyi , Manion Brittany , Liu Fengquan , Zou Lifang , Fu Zheng Qing , Chen Gongyou
Published: August 2022

Plant stomata close rapidly in response to a rise in the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) or salicylic acid (SA) and after recognition of pathogen‐associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Stomatal closure is the result of vacuolar convolution, ion efflux, and changes in turgor pressure in guard cells. Phytopathogenic bacteria secrete type III effectors (T3Es) that interfere with plant defense mechanisms, causing severe plant disease symptoms. Here, we show that the virulence and infection of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc), which is the causal agent of rice bacterial leaf streak disease, drastically increased in transgenic rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants overexpressing the Xoc T3E gene XopAP, which encodes a protein annotated as a lipase. We discovered that XopAP binds to phosphatidylinositol 3,5‐bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,5)P2), a membrane phospholipid that functions in pH control in lysosomes, membrane dynamics, and protein trafficking. XopAP inhibited the acidification of vacuoles by competing with vacuolar H+‐pyrophosphatase (V‐PPase) for binding to PtdIns(3,5)P2, leading to stomatal opening. Transgenic rice overexpressing XopAP also showed inhibition of stomatal closure when challenged by Xoc infection and treatment with the PAMP flg22. Moreover, XopAP suppressed flg22‐induced gene expression, reactive oxygen species burst and callose deposition in host plants, demonstrating that XopAP subverts PAMP‐triggered immunity during Xoc infection. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that XopAP overcomes stomatal immunity in plants by binding to lipids.
Evaluation of oral tranexamic acid as a novel treatment for melasma with a high benefit–risk ratio
Authors: Simpson Jordan , Peng Lucy , Ting William
Published: August 2022

Background

Melasma is an acquired melanogenesis dysfunction resulting in chronic hyperpigmentation commonly affecting the face and other frequently sun‐exposed areas of the body. Melasma typically presents in women of reproductive age and can significantly impact self‐esteem, negatively affecting one's quality of life. In the United States, melasma is often treated with application of topical agents that interfere with melanin synthesis, lasers, or chemical peels; however, in some East Asian countries, oral tranexamic acid (TXA) is widely administered to alleviate hyperpigmentation during and after childbirth. TXA is currently only FDA‐approved to treat hypermenorrhea and reduce blood loss in surgery but may offer women in the United States an additional therapeutic option to treat melasma.

Aims

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the safety and baseline efficacy of oral transmexic acid as a treatment for melasma.

Methods

We retrospectively surveyed 42 patients of Fitzpatrick skin types III‐VI that were prescribed 650 mg of TXA ½ tablet to be taken twice daily by mouth.

Results

We found majority of patients saw noticeable improvement in their melasma. Of the 42 patients, only seven experienced side effects. The side effects noted were headaches, malaise and nausea, gastrointestinal upset, congestion, numbness in legs, hypomenorrhea, and hypermenorrhea. Patients who experienced unpleasant side effects discontinued taking oral TXA and were relieved of their symptoms. No long‐term side effects were discovered, and the side effects experienced may be due to other confounding factors.

Conclusion

From this data, we concluded oral TXA is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with persistent melasma.
Discrimination of sweet‐fat ingredients in people with weight‐ and eating‐related problems using a signal detection theory
Authors: Garcia‐Burgos David , Andres Fabienne , Trier Stephan , Vögele Claus , Munsch Simone
Published: August 2022

Individuals with impaired gustatory perception may have altered ingestive behaviors, which contribute to unhealthy weight status and disordered eating. Whether and to what extent weight status or eating symptomatology depend on flavor perception is still a controversial issue. Thus, the ability to discriminate among different levels of sweetness/fat content was compared in three studies using two‐alternative forced‐choice tasks and the standardized metrics of signal detection theory (SDT). In Study 1, three body mass index groups were included: underweight, healthy normal weight, and overweight. In Study 2, volunteers were currently‐ill and recovered (anorexia/bulimia nervosa) patients, and two age‐ and weight‐matched control groups. In Study 3, SDT metrics of both populations were compared. Results showed that SDT measures identified difficulties of underweight individuals to discriminate fat levels in sugary products, while patients with eating disorders exhibited outstanding discrimination of fat ingredients. Judgment biases were also detected in both populations. This highlights importance of using SDT methodology in flavor perception research in people with weight−/eating‐related problems.

Practical Applications

This paper may serve as a starting point for the establishment of a consensual methodology in the field of flavor perception using the SDT approach. Especially in populations with eating‐ and weight‐related problems, it is both of considerable interest and a necessity to establish and promote standard metrics to provide more consistent and comparable results on the perception of sweet and fat inputs. On the one hand, SDT may be a valuable tool to deal with current methodological limitations and heterogeneity in methods used across studies. On the other, this should facilitate further study of the relationship between oral sensations and unhealthy eating and drinking behaviors to improve individuals' nutritional status and quality of life.
Bamboo climatic tolerances are decoupled from leaf functional traits across an Andean elevation gradient
Authors: Fadrique Belen , Baraloto Chris , Bravo‐Avila Catherine H. , Feeley Kenneth J.
Published: August 2022

Widespread changes in temperature and precipitation patterns present plant species with new and combined stresses that affect their performance and distribution. Functional traits are indicators of plant resource use–acquisition strategies and thus they are commonly used to understand the geographic distributions of plant species and species' potential responses to climate change. To date, most studies have targeted a few easy‐to‐measure leaf traits even though other traits, such as climatic tolerances, could provide valuable information directly related with species' current and future distributions. Here, we measured both leaf functional traits and indices of physiological tolerance to heat (T50) and drought (cell membrane stability) in 28 woody bamboo populations from 22 narrow‐ranged species along a > 3000 m elevation gradient in the southern Peruvian Andes. We found that bamboo leaf functional traits remain fairly constant with a combination indicative of an acquisitive strategy (low leaf mass area and high nitrogen per mass) along the elevation gradient, despite drastic changes in environment and fast species turnover. Heat and drought tolerances of bamboos varied widely along the gradient and were negatively correlated to each other. Drought tolerance of bamboo populations was positively related with elevation and with precipitation seasonality while heat tolerance decreased at higher, colder elevations. When analyzed for individuals within each species or for individuals within each elevation, the two metrics of climatic tolerances did not show a consistent relationship, contrasting with the expectation of a potential tradeoff between heat and drought tolerance. We also found that the measured leaf functional traits were not good predictors of climatic tolerances. Our results illustrate the diversity and complexity of the relationships between functional strategies and environmental gradients and highlight the limitations of using basic (i.e. ‘soft') leaf traits to understand plant distributions and climatic tolerances.
Advances in mining restoration
Authors: Dixon Kingsley , MacDonald Vanessa , D'Agui Haylee
Published: August 2022

This special issue is a compilation of studies arising from the activities of the 5‐year Australian Research Council Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Mine Site Restoration. Research conducted by the Centre involved disciplines often overlooked or under‐resourced in the mining industry including restoration genetics, seed technology and enablement, rare species management, and restoration ecophysiology. These studies then formed the context for development of an additional focus on mining closure policy development. The programs highlight the critical importance of ensuring that the seed supply chain, plant growth media, and restoration technologies are fit‐for‐purpose, that native fauna are considered in the life‐of‐mine and, how collectively, investment in these types of programs can inform effective mine closure planning. Though Australian‐based, the principles and outcomes of the research are applicable to international mining activities operating in natural or seminatural ecosystems or regions of high biodiversity.
Immunity, Infection, and the Zebrafish Clock
Authors: Sacksteder Raina E. , Kimmey Jacqueline M.
Published: August 2022

Circadian clocks are universally used to coordinate biological processes with the Earth’s 24-h solar day and are critical for the health and environmental success of an organism. Circadian rhythms in eukaryotes are driven by a cell-intrinsic transcription-translation feedback loop that controls daily oscillations in gene expression which regulate diverse physiological functions.
Methylation-Independent Chemotaxis Systems Are the Norm for Gastric-Colonizing
Helicobacter
Species
Authors: Liu Xiaolin , Ottemann Karen M.
Published: August 2022

Chemotaxis signal transduction systems are common in the archaeal and bacterial world, but not all systems contain the same components. The rationale for this system variation remains unknown.
UPEC Colonic-Virulence and Urovirulence Are Blunted by Proanthocyanidins-Rich Cranberry Extract Microbial Metabolites in a Gut Model and a 3D Tissue-Engineered Urothelium
Authors: Roussel Charlène , Chabaud Stéphane , Lessard-Lord Jacob , Cattero Valentina , Pellerin Félix-Antoine , Feutry Perrine , Bochard Valérie , Bolduc Stéphane , Desjardins Yves
Published: August 2022

Uropathogenic
Escherichia coli
(UPEC) are the primary cause of recurrent urinary tract infections (UTI). The poor understanding of UPEC ecology-pathophysiology from its reservoir–the gut, to its infection site–the urothelium, partly explains the inadequate and abusive use of antibiotics to treat UTI, which leads to a dramatic upsurge in antibiotic-resistance cases.
Physical activity among young children with disabilities: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Vanderloo Leigh M , Taylor Leah , Yates Julia , Bassett-Gunter Rebecca , Stanley Meagan , Tucker Patricia
Published: August 2022

Introduction

Physical activity in the early years is necessary for setting the foundation for healthy growth and development in later childhood and adolescence. While most published evidence to date focuses on typically developing children, prevalence rates of physical activity among children with disabilities have been less studied. This protocol paper documents the plan of a systematic review, which aims to synthesise the evidence regarding physical activity levels among young children with disabilities.

Methods and analysis

Searches are anticipated to commence in May 2022. Empirical quantitative studies will be considered for inclusion if they present intervention or observational data on non-therapeutic (ie, leisure time) physical activity among children <5.99 years with physical, mental, intellectual or sensory impairments. Data sources will be retrieved via electronic database searches (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EBSCO Sports Medicine Database (SPORTDiscus), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Elsevier Bibliographic Database (Scopus), Psychological Abstracts (PsycINFO), Education Resources Information Centre (ERIC) and Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE)). Additional strategies to identify relevant studies will include manual searching and citation tracking of included articles. Titles and abstracts of identified studies will be screened for inclusion, followed by full-text reviews. Three independent reviewers will conduct quality appraisal using the Downs and Black checklist. A summary of included studies will describe the study designs, participant and activity characteristics, and outcomes.

Ethics and dissemination

This systematic review involves a secondary analysis of previously published data; therefore, this review does not require ethical approval. The proposed paper will summarise the current evidence base on physical activity levels among young children with a diagnosed disability. The findings from this systematic review will identify gaps to be explored by future research studies and inform future investigations among the paediatric disability population.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42021266585.
Multilevel analysis of grand multiparity: Trend and its determinants in the Sidama National Regional State of Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study design from demographic and health survey 2000–2016
Authors: Dasa Tamirat Tesfaye , Okunlola Michael A , Dessie Yadeta
Published: August 2022

Objective

The study was aimed at examining the magnitude, trends and determinants of grand multiparity in the Sidama regional state of Ethiopia.

Design

We retrieved cross-sectional data from the Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey from 2000 to 2016.

Setting

Community-based demographic and health survey (DHS) was conducted in Ethiopia.

Participants

The study population was women (aged 15–49 years) who had delivered children with the available DHS data set.

Outcomes

Multilevel multivariate logistic regression analyses assessed the relationship between grand multiparity and its determinants.

Results

The magnitude of grand multiparity was 70.8% (95% CI 68.5% to 72.9%). The multilevel multivariable logistic regression model showed illiteracy (adjusted OR (AOR)=2; 95% CI 1.25 to 3.75), non-use of any contraceptive (AOR=3.8; 95% CI 1.2 to 12.2), early marriage (AOR=4.5; 95% CI 2.6 to 7.9), polygamous marriage (AOR=4.2; 95% CI 2.0 to 9.3), short birth intervals (AOR=2.3; 95% CI 1.4 to 3.5) and husband’s low education status (AOR=5.8; 95% CI 2.1 to 16.1) were significantly associated with grand multiparity.

Conclusions

This study revealed that 7 of 10 women were grand multipara, and the magnitude did not show significant change over the last 16 years. Early marriage and early age at first birth, low literacy level, low family planning utilisation, polygamy, short interbirth interval and unmet need for family planning were determinants of grand multiparity. We recommended the stakeholders to design new strategies to address the root cause of high fertility factors in communities.
Approaches to the development of new mental well-being screening tools for Indigenous peoples: a systematic mixed studies review protocol
Authors: Meldrum Kathryn , Andersson Ellaina , Wallace Valda , Webb Torres , Quigley Rachel , Strivens Edward , Russell Sarah
Published: August 2022

Introduction

Indigenous peoples' world views are intricately interrelated and interconnected with those of their communities and the environments where they live. Consequently, Indigenous peoples have a holistic view of their health, which contrasts with the dominant Western biomedical paradigm. However, the mental well-being of Indigenous peoples is predominately screened using tools developed using the Western paradigm that may not be culturally appropriate. The objective of this systematic mixed studies review (SMSR) is to assess the extent of the literature related to approaches used to develop new tools to screen the mental well-being of Indigenous adults.

Methods and analysis

This SMSR will be conducted in accordance with the method proposed by Pluye et al. It will include studies that describe the development of any type of tool or approach to screen for mental well-being in Indigenous adults, globally. Searches will be limited to the English language and literature published since January 2000. Databases to be searched include: CINAHL, Medline, PsycINFO, PubMed and Scopus. Only published studies will be included in the SMSR. Data that answers the research questions will be extracted from the literature and recorded on the associated data charting form. A sequential synthesis method will be used to analyse data from qualitative, quantitative and mixed-method studies. Data will be presented graphically, diagrammatically or in tabular form depending on what approach best conveys its meaning.

Ethics and dissemination

The SMSR will describe the approach to developing new tools for screening the mental well-being of Indigenous peoples across the globe. It will support researchers, clinicians and practitioners to consider both their approach to new tool development or, if they are using a previously developed tool, how reliable and valid it is for the population that they intend to use it with. Peer-reviewed publications will be used to disseminate SMSR findings.
A Structure Preservation and Denoising Low-Light Enhancement Model via Coefficient of Variation
Authors: Wu Xingtai , Wu Bin , He Jingyuan , Fang Bin , Shang Zhaowei , Zhou Mingliang
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we propose a structure-preserving and denoising low-light enhancement method that uses the coefficient of variation. First, we use the coefficient of variation to process the original low-light image, which is used to obtain the enhanced illumination gradient reference map. Second, we use the total variation (TV) norm to regularize the reflectance gradient, which is used to maintain the smoothness of the image and eliminate the artifacts in the reflectance estimation. Finally, we combine the above two constraint terms with the Retinex theory, which contains the denoising regular term. The final enhanced and denoised low-light image is obtained by iterative solution. Experimental results show that our method can achieve superior performance in both subjective and objective assessments compared with other state-of-the-art methods (the source code is available at: https://github.com/bbxavi/SPDLEM .).
Nanofabrication of Silicon Carbide and Optical Processing and Inspection of Noncurved Mirrors
Authors: Dai Zuocai , Zhou Sha , Yang Tongguang , Zou Lihong
Published: August 2022

With the gradual development of modern technology, there are still areas that need to be broken through in the field of science. In today’s society, the application range of noncurved mirrors is becoming more and more extensive. The application of aspheric mirrors will not only improve the imaging quality in all aspects but also improve the application of aspheric surfaces in aerospace, military, optics, physics, etc., and enhance economic benefits. Silicon carbide materials can be used in combination with noncurved mirror materials and produced in the market. This paper mainly studies how to prepare silicon carbide nanomaterials and discusses the relevant characteristics of silicon carbide through the preparation of silicon carbide materials. The aspheric mirror is mainly based on the large-diameter, high-precision aspheric mirror manufacturing system as the research background, which provides certain work experience for the follow-up research. Through the background research of the optical system of the aspheric mirror, this paper analyzed the essentials of aspheric processing technology and then combined the related content of the silicon carbide nanometer and the aspheric mirror. Nowadays, with the development of science and technology, the development prospects of silicon carbide nanomaterials are also more and more broad. After the entire production line of silicon carbide material was put into the production line, it has been recognized by the market, and the benefits are very good, bringing great production benefits to people, and it can be produced on a large scale in the future.
Detection of Corporate Environmental Information Disclosure Falsification Based on Support Vector Machine
Authors: Li Yinwen , Cai Xiang , Sun Huaping , He Xingxing
Published: August 2022

Environmental information disclosure (EID) is an important embodiment of corporate social responsibility. With the awakening of public awareness of environmental protection and the increasing pressure of environmental preservation, enterprises tend to strategically manipulate environmental information for the pursuit of profit, which will consequently lead to environmental information disclosure falsification (EIDF) and disruption of both the market regulatory order and the development of green economy. In this article, support vector machine (SVM) technique is applied to construct the detection model of corporate EIDF. Based on the theory of “public pressure,” the detection indicators will be improved from three aspects: public pressure, corporate governance, and financial indicators. The training set and test set are constructed by combining the manually collected cases of environmental administrative penalties from 2015 to 2019 with the indicator information of nonfinancial listed enterprises in China’s A-share market, and the SVM detection performance is compared with the logistic regression of the benchmark model. To solve the problem of category imbalance, we have introduced the Borderline-SMOTE oversampling technique. Based on the detection results of SVM and Borderline-SMOTE, we find that the Borderline-SMOTE-SVM model has the best detection performance, surpassing the SVM and logistic regression models. These conclusions have constructive policy implications for regulatory agencies, investors, the third-party service sector, enterprises, and government policy-making to achieve high-quality corporate EID.
Research on Image Classification and Key Technologies Based on 3D Feature Extraction Algorithm
Authors: Lei Lei , Jia Ziqi , Wu Zechen
Published: August 2022

Image classification and recognition has a very wide range of applications in computer vision, which involves many fields, such as image retrieval, image analysis, and robot positioning. Especially with the rise of brain science and cognitive science research, as well as the increasing diversification of imaging means, three-dimensional image data mainly based on magnetic resonance image plays an increasingly important role in image classification and recognition, especially in medical image classification and recognition. However, due to the high dimensional characteristics of human magnetic resonance images, human readability is reduced. Therefore, classification and recognition of 3-dimensional images is still a challenge. In order to better extract local features from images and effectively use their spatial information, this paper improved the “feature bag” and “spatial pyramid matching” algorithms on the basis of 3D feature extraction algorithm and proposed an image classification framework based on 3D feature extraction algorithm. Firstly, the multiresolution “3D spatial pyramid” algorithm, the multiscale image segmentation and image representation method, and the SVM classifier and feature fusion method are described. Secondly, the gender information contained in the magnetic resonance images is classified and recognized on the three databases selected in the experiment. Experimental results show that this method can effectively utilize the spatial information of three-dimensional images and achieve satisfactory results in the classification and recognition of human magnetic resonance images.
Machine Learning Approach on Time Series for PV-Solar Energy
Authors: Sivakumar S. , Neeraja B. , Jamuna Rani M. , Anandaram Harishchander , Ramya S. , Padhan Girish , Gurusamy Saravanakumar
Published: August 2022

Solar energy is the kind of alternative energy that a photovoltaic (PV) system may generate. The PV system depends on the environmental conditions present at the moment, such as the humidity level, surface temperature of the PV system, and wind speed. These are the most important characteristics to consider when calculating the amount of electricity generated by the PV system. Therefore, the calculation of power production is not a simple task. In the meanwhile, we are working on developing the machine learning algorithm that will be used to estimate electricity production using the fundamental characteristics that are now accessible. Now, we begin the process of machine learning by developing a time series model since the essential parameters will change over time. We get preliminary information from four distinct locations around the country. We arrived at this conclusion by using the ANN and regression modeling approaches for best to create the most significant overall performance across all cities.
Adverse Effects of Bisphenol A on the Liver and Its Underlying Mechanisms: Evidence from In Vivo and In Vitro Studies
Authors: Abdulhameed Al-Salihi Ahmed Rashid , Lim Vuanghao , Bahari Hasnah , Khoo Boon Yin , Abdullah Muhammad Nazrul Hakim , Tan Jun Jie , Yong Yoke Keong
Published: August 2022

BPA is a known endocrine‐disrupting agent that is capable of binding to the estrogen receptor and has exhibited adverse effects in many laboratory animal and in vitro studies. Moreover, it also been shown to have estrogenic, antiandrogenic, inflammatory, and oxidative properties. The widespread presence of BPA in the environment presents a considerable threat to humans. BPA has been shown to be leached into the human ecosystem, where it is commonly found in food products consumed by humans. Although the concentration is relatively low, its prolonged consumption may cause a variety of deleterious health effects. The liver is an important organ for metabolizing and detoxifying toxic metabolites to protect organisms from potentially toxic chemical insults. BPA that is ingested will be eliminated by the liver. However, it has also induced hepatoxicity and injury via various mechanisms. To find research demonstrating the effects of BPA on kidney, a number of databases, including Google Scholar, MEDLINE, PubMed, and the Directory of Open Access Journals, were searched. Thus, this review summarizes the research on the relationship between BPA and its effects on the liver‐derived from animals and cellular studies. The underlying mechanism of liver injury caused by BPA is also elucidated.
Existence of Traveling Wave Fronts for a Generalized Nonlinear Schrodinger Equation
Authors: Lin Yuanhua , He Liping
Published: August 2022

In the presented paper, a generalized nonlinear Schr

o

dinger equation without delay convolution kernel and with special delay convolution kernel is investigated. By using the geometric singular perturbation theory, the existence of traveling wave fronts is proved. Firstly, we show that such traveling wave fronts exist without delay by non-Hamiltonian qualitative analysis. Then, for the generalized nonlinear Schr

o

dinger equation with a special local strong delay convolution kernel, the desired heteroclinic orbit is obtained by using the Fredholm theory.
Impact of Obesity on Pregnancies Undergoing Laser Therapy for Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome
Authors: Gebb Juliana S. , Khalek Nahla , Miller Kendra , Hwang Rosa , Paidas Teefey Christina , Soni Shelly , Tran Kha Manh , Moldenhauer Julie S.
Published: August 2022

Introduction: We sought to determine if maternal obesity, defined by body mass index (BMI) 30–34.9 or BMI ≥35, negatively impacts the technical aspects and pregnancy outcomes in women treated with selective laser photocoagulation of placental communicating vessels for twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS). Methods: Retrospective review of women undergoing laser for TTTS from January 2010 to December 2021. Outcomes were stratified based on maternal BMI <30, 30–34.9, and ≥35. Data obtained included maternal age, parity, ethnicity, gestational age at laser, placental location, Quintero stage, CHOP cardiovascular score, operative and anesthesia times, procedure-to-delivery interval, gestational age at delivery, survival to birth, survival to discharge, and the presence of residual anastomoses. Statistical analysis included the χ2 or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables and the Mann-Whitney U test for continuous variables with p < 0.05 being significant. Results: A total of 434 women underwent laser for TTTS during the study period. Of those, 274 (63%) had a BMI of <30, 92 (21.2%) had a BMI between 30 and 34.9, and 68 (15.7%) had a BMI ≥ 35. There were no differences in maternal age, parity or ethnicity, Quintero stage, CHOP cardiovascular score, placental location, operative time, laser-to-delivery interval, gestational age at delivery, survival outcomes, or the presence of residual anastomoses between the three groups. Patients with a BMI of 30–34.9 were operated on at a slightly later gestational age, and those with a BMI > 35 had longer operative and anesthesia times. There were no technical failures as a result of BMI ≥ 30 or 35. Conclusion: Using appropriate technical adjustments, outcomes for obese women undergoing laser for TTTS are similar to nonobese women, although patients with BMI ≥35 have longer operative and anesthesia times.
Speculative Realism and Religion: Irreduction, Objects, Forms, and Intensities
Authors: MacKay Michael Hubbard
Published: August 2022

This article uses the philosophy of Tristan Garcia to theorize about religion and to identify religion as an object without essentializing it (scientistic reduction) or reducing it to culture (as in critical theory). It proposes a radical speculative ontology for analyzing religion in opposition to late-liberalism’s determining effects on the study of religion. In juxtaposition with Graham Harman’s object-oriented ontology and Quentin Meillassoux’s speculative philosophy, Garcia’s philosophy offers a unique perspective about the irreduction of religion and classification within religious studies, especially through his philosophy of intensities. His perspective on the concatenation of human and nonhuman objects and their assemblages compliments and builds upon the current scholarship in material religion. In particular, his philosophy of intensities enables religion and religions to be dispersed into countless temporal instances and evaluated in limitless levels of intensity in a classificatory system set to avoid reductionism and neoliberalism.
Brand Equity in Good and Bad Times: What Distinguishes Winners from Losers in Consumer Packaged Goods Industries?
Authors: Rajavi Koushyar , Kushwaha Tarun , Steenkamp Jan-Benedict E.M.
Published: August 2022

This article examines why some brands are able to ride the wave of macroeconomic expansions, whereas other brands are better able to successfully weather contractions. Using a utility-based framework, the authors develop hypotheses on how the impact of these shocks on brand equity is moderated by six strategic brand factors: price positioning, advertising spending, product line length, distribution breadth, brand architecture, and market position. The authors utilize monthly data on 325 national consumer packaged goods brands in 35 categories across 17 years from the United Kingdom to obtain quarterly sales-based brand equity estimates. The two preeminent brand factors are distribution and assortment. Distribution is by far the most important factor in contractions. It is also the most important factor in expansions. In short, in good times and bad times, extensively distributed brands win. A wide assortment is also a strong contributor to brand equity in expansions, while it does not destroy brand equity in contractions. The authors further find that advertising spending, premium price positioning, umbrella branding structure, and market leadership matter in expansions and/or contractions, and the magnitude of their effects on brand equity is relatively modest. The discussion concludes with managerial implications.
Validation of vital sign measurement by nanosecond pulse near-field sensing and the conductive silver paste printed textile technique
Authors: Chen Kuan-Hung , Chen Yong-Syuan , Chen Chih-Lung , Yang Ching-Yi , Yang Chiau-ling , Yang Fu-Cheng , Liu Chia-Hao , Huang Shu-Chun
Published: August 2022

Vital sign monitoring is fundamental in daily patient care. Wearable technology has become an important tool in personalized medicine; however, there is a tradeoff problem between accuracy and comfort caused by the elastic textile used. Our study sought to examine the accuracy of heart rate (HR) and breathing rate (BR) monitoring as measured by iSmartweaR, a novel wearable and wireless sensor that uses the laser Doppler technique, with special focus on sex and different static postures.

A total of 30 male and 23 female patients, including 23 patients with cardiovascular diseases and 30 healthy participants, were recruited. The HR and BR were measured with iSmartweaR and the gold standard method (CardioSoft and MasterScreen™ CPX) simultaneously in three static postures (supine rest, right lateral decubitus, and left lateral decubitus).

The mean errors of HR and BR between iSmartweaR and the gold standard method were close to zero (0.55 and 0.71, respectively). The standard deviations of the HR error and BR error were 0.59 and 0.67, respectively. Disease, posture, sex, and measurement time did not cause clinically significant measurement errors. The overall percentage of missing data was 7.01%.

The use of iSmartweaR was valid across different sexes and static postures. It is real-time, continuous and manpower-saving, and can be applied in patient care.
Study on stress evolution law and control technology of roadway formed by roof cutting during crossing overlying remained coal pillar
Authors: Shen Fuxin , Song Yanqi , Zheng Junjie , Zhao Wenchao , Yang Minjian , Ma Hongfa , Shao Zhixin
Published: August 2022

The application of roadway formed automatically by roof cutting (RFARC) technology in the working face under the goaf of close distance coal seam greatly improves the mining rate of resources. However, the existence of overlying remained coal pillar (ORCP) makes the stress environment more complex and greatly increases the difficulty of stability control of RFARC. Hence, the 9101 Working face of Xiashanmao Coal Mine was taking as engineering background. In accordance with the principle of RFARC, the process of crossing the ORCP is introduced, and the calculation formula of the bending deformation of roof is proposed. Through numerical analysis and field test, the stress evolution law of stope and RFARC in the process of crossing ORCP is analyzed. The results show that in the process of crossing the ORCP, the peak stress value of the solid coal side of the RFARC increases continuously, whereas, the stress values of the roof and floor and the gob-side are small. The stress value and caving step distance of roof cutting side of working face are less than those without roof cutting. The stress of stope and RFARC tends to be stable when the working face is lagged 80 m. The combined supporting measures composed of constant resistance and large deformation (CRLD) anchor cable, hydraulic prop and unit support can effectively control the deformation of RFARC. This work provides an effective and economical method to non-pillar mining affected by ORCP in close distance coal seam.
Between existential mobility and intimacy 5.0: translocal care in pandemic times
Authors: Cabalquinto Earvin Charles B , Büscher Monika
Published: August 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has reconfigured every social, political, economic and cultural aspect of modern society. Millions of people have been stuck in lockdown within and across borders, national and regional terrains, in their homes and worse places. At this time of unprecedented change and ‘stuckedness’, digital communication technologies have served as a lifeline to forge and nurture communication, intimate ties and a sense of continuity and belongingness. But being stuck and simultaneously virtually mobile has brought many difficulties, tensions and paradoxes. In this paper we discuss first insights from a study with 15 members of the older Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) population in Victoria, Australia to explore experiences of being physically stuck and virtually mobile. We find practices of translocal care – ways of caring for distant others through digital technologies, has been made more complex by the pandemic and shaped by two dynamics: networked collective ‘existential mobility’, and a quantification of feeling that we call ‘intimacy 5.0’.
rTMS of the superior parietal lobule improves contrast discrimination but has no effect on the perception of distance between stimuli in the image plane
Authors: Biagi Nicolo , Goodwin Charlotte , Field David T.
Published: August 2022

The superior parietal lobule (SPL) is a region of the brain that has been associated with a diverse range of high-level visual and cognitive functions. This suggested the possibility that it supports a lower-level function that is engaged by a wide range of experimental tasks. Analysis of tasks used in previous studies suggests that one such lower-level function might be the perception of the distance between stimuli in the image plane. In this study, we applied online high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the left SPL or the vertex in order to further investigate the role played by this region in the perceived visual separation between points. As a control task, we asked participants to detect the difference in contrast between two Gabor patches. The results failed to support the main hypothesis, but we unexpectedly found that rTMS to left SPL improved peripheral contrast discrimination. Previous studies have found that rTMS to the right frontal eye field, which has strong functional connectivity with the SPL, has the same effect, suggesting the two areas work together to influence early visual areas.
Speculative sewing: Researching, reconstructing, and re-imagining wearable technoscience
Authors: Jungnickel Kat
Published: August 2022

This article contributes to Science and Technology Studies (STS) literatures on ‘making and doing’ by describing and analysing the practice of researching, reconstructing, and reimagining archival clothing patent data. It combines feminist speculation and reconstruction practices into what I term ‘speculative sewing’. This involves stitching data, theory and fabric into inventions described in patents and analysing them as three-dimensional arguments. In the case here, of 1890s British women’s convertible cycle wear, I examine how inventors used new forms of clothing to challenge socio-political restrictions on women’s bodies in public space and help them make alternate claims to rights and entitlements. I argue that translating text and images into wearable data renders lesser-known technoscience stories visible and (more) knowable and transforms clothing (back) into material matters of public concern.
Why incumbents perpetrate election violence during civil war
Authors: Flores Thomas Edward , Nooruddin Irfan
Published: August 2022

Civil conflict increases incumbents’ vulnerability, expands their coercive capacity, enervates public good provision, and stifles public opposition. Consequently, we expect that elections held during civil conflict will feature more incumbent-perpetrated election violence. We test our argument with disaggregated data on election violence, generating two principal findings. First, elections held during civil conflict are more likely to feature violent coercion by incumbents. Second, this effect does not depend on the conflict's intensity or political salience, but is endemic to conflict-affected societies as a class. This raises questions about the nature of elections in conflict-affected societies and the relationship between forms of political violence.
A small-amplitude hunting motion recognition method based on transfer learning
Authors: Wang Duoying , Ning Jing , Zhao Fei , Li Yanping , Chen Chunjun
Published: August 2022

The hunting motion of the vehicle increases the wear of the wheel tracks and affects the lateral stability of the vehicle system and safety, so the hunting motion of the vehicle needs to be recognized. However, the existing recognition methods ignore the small-amplitude hunting motion that precedes the onset of the running motion. In addition, due to the scarcity of real hunting data of high-speed trains, there is a problem of underfitting when training with traditional deep learning methods. In this paper, first, the dynamics model of a high-speed train is established, and the normal, small-amplitude hunting and hunting motions of high-speed trains in the process are simulated. Second, this paper proposes a transfer learning-based method for high-speed train hunting motion recognition. The method uses easily collected normal data samples in the training process, does not use real data samples of small-amplitude hunting and hunting motions, and completes the high-speed train running motions recognition task by transferring from simulation data (source domain) to real data (target domain). Finally, the validation is carried out using the real data, which proves that the method-related approach has some engineering application value in the intelligent monitoring of high-speed trains.