bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Motofish and Trashfish: Food values and rifts at the agrarian frontier
Authors: Work Courtney , Ader David
Published: March 2024

At the resource frontier of Prey Lang Forest in Cambodia, a new food regime marks multiple rifts in the social fabric. As the forest gives way to rural road development, migrant incursions, and cash cropping, long-term residents lament the paucity of available food. At the same time, new migrants suggest that there is now more food than ever. Based on how food is defined, we find one food, motofish, that emerged as a significant semiotic sign. It is a fish, regardless of species, that is farm-raised and carried from the market to the village by motorbike. It is opposed to a real fish that grows by itself in a river or stream. Long-term Kuy and Khmer residents of the forest see the fish as a sign of destruction and loss, because there are so few fish in the rivers and streams. New migrants see motofish as part of a new abundance coming to this remote corner of the world where there used to be no food. This abundance is facilitated by Cambodia's growing fish farming industry, fed by wild-harvested 'trashfish' and subsidized soy pellets. Motofish is more than a sign of gastropolitics, as it marks a rift in the semiotic landscape through which individual and collective worlds emerge. We use this worldmaking fish to launch a discussion of both the epistemic and metabolic rifts of agrarian transformation and how these rifts are interpreted by different actors in the same landscape: One that recognizes the metabolic rift and the other that carries with them its epistemic cleansing.
Agricultural land use in Vietnam in the context of urbanization: status and policy implications
Authors: Huyen Phan Thi Thanh , Giang Pham Quy
Published: March 2024

This article generalizes the urbanization process and its impact on agricultural land use in Vietnam. The high rate of urbanization has led to a great demand for purchasing agricultural products, especially high-quality ones, and as a result, this affects agricultural development. On one hand, it offers new chances to expand the domestic market and to encourage exports. On the other hand, the conversion of agricultural land into non-agricultural land under accelerated urbanization leads to a large area of arable land being abandoned or polluted, consequently affecting food security and sustainable development. Therefore, to meet the people’s food needs in the context of urbanization, it is necessary to have proper solutions to improve the efficiency of agricultural land use, such as: implementing land laws aimed at developing agricultural production in the direction of large-scale, concentrated commodities; executing land-use planning, performing agricultural production planning towards specialized cultivation with a stable term to ensure profitable investment; boosting the restructuring of the agricultural sector; developing collective and cooperative economics in agriculture; having policies to support, forecast, and search for markets for consumption and the processing of agricultural products; creating a transparent land-use rights market.
Market Synchronicity Among African Markets: is IFRS Adoption an Augmentor or Inhibitor?
Authors: Queku Yaw Ndori , Seidu Baba Adibura , Adaane Lawrence Ayine , Carsamer Emmanuel , Frimpong Francis Kofi Sobre , Queku Dianah Ndori
Published: March 2024

This paper investigates the dynamics of market synchronicity and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) adoption in Africa. It seeks to determine whether or not IFRS is an augmentor or inhibitor of market synchronicity in Africa. This study is not only a foundational study that unfolds the dynamics of market synchronicity and IFRS adoption in Africa but also extends the scope of synchronicity from firm-level assessment to country-level market synchronicity. It is one of the few studies which have shifted the literature on synchronicity from one largely limited to firm-level synchronicity to country-level synchronicity through analyses of cross-border market synchronisation. It employs Dynamic Ordinary Least Square (DOLS) and Generalised Method of Moments (GMM) to investigate the market synchronicity-IFRS nexus. The study uses monthly data from March 2005 to November 2021 in five African markets: Botswana, Ghana, Namibia, Nigeria, and South Africa generating 1005 observations in an 18-year data span. The paper reveals a significant negative consequence of IFRS on market synchronicity. Thus, IFRS exhibits an inhibition role in market synchronicity (reduces synchronicity) and improves price informativeness. A decreasing pattern was also observed immediately after IFRS was adopted by the stock markets and persisted for about five years. It implies that the price informativeness of stock markets through IFRS makes them good candidates for intra-Africa portfolio diversification due to reduced investors’ risk exposure to market synchronicity.
National interests in Russia’s foreign policy
Authors: Nazarov V. P.
Published: March 2024

The article explores the conceptual landscape surrounding national interests. It posits that the identification, safeguarding, and advancement of national interests serve as the bedrock upon which state policies in the domain of national security are formulated. The article traces the origins, evolution, and contemporary interpretations of national interests. Special emphasis is accorded to interpretations espoused by proponents of the political realism. The author conducts an in-depth examination of Russian perspectives on national interests during the 19th and early 20th centuries, as well as throughout the Soviet era, presenting an original periodization of conceptual approaches within Soviet Russia and the USSR. In addition to its historical inquiry, the article critically assesses the implications of national interests of contemporary Russia’s foreign policy. Through analysis of strategic policy documents, the author discerns instances where policy objectives are conflated with the national interests, diverging from their realization.

Given Russia's distinctive geopolitical position and security challenges, the author defines the paramount Russia's national interest – establishing a secure periphery characterized by cooperative relationships with neighboring states and ensuring unimpeded access to global maritime routes.
Grendels Skatt : Återskapad tidig medeltid och gränslanden mellan historia, sanning och fiktion Och om att hitta (på) en sagolik skattgömma
Authors: Nyzell Stefan
Published: March 2024

Historia kan i grunden sägas vara ett återberättat urval av förflutenhet. Det innebär att historia aldrig är detsamma som förflutenhet utan en bearbetning av densamma. Syftet med studien är att undersöka de spänningsfyllda gränsytorna mellan historia, sanning och fiktion. Detta görs genom att undersöka ett publikhistoriskt konstprojekt i gränslandet mellan hantverk, konstnärskap, berättarkonst, historia och myt. Konstprojektet handlade om sökandet efter en fantastisk skatt, Grendels skatt, såsom den omnämns i det tidigmedeltida Beowulfkvädet. Det handlade med om att hitta (på) en skatt från sagans värld genom att återskapa utvalda föremål som om de var verkliga artefakter från den forntid där hjälte- berättelsen om Beowulf utspelar sig. Beowulfkvädet uttolkats i mängder av sammanhang alltsedan medel- tidens slut. Det finns en lång rad nya uttolkningar bara i det sena 1900-talet och det tidiga 2000-talet. Bland annat har kvädet genom Beowulfkännaren J. R. R. Tolkiens litterära verk kommit att influera den moderna fantastiken på ett högst påtagligt sätt. Som ett nutida kulturfenomen är Beowulfkvädet i allra högsta grad någonting levande. Grendels skatt-projektets uttolkning av Beowulf utgör den analytiska ingång varifrån gränsytorna mellan historia, sanning och fiktion ska undersökas i denna studie. Utöver detta studeras även historiska återskapanden av den slags tidigmedeltida europeiska germanska elitkultur där Beowulf en gång framförts. Här undersöks återskapanden och deras sanningsanspråk i mötet mellan nuet och det förflutna. Boken berör framför allt tidigmedeltida germansk elitkultur i norra Europa under tidsperioden 500- 700-tal, samt olika uttryck av dess (åter)skapanden i tidigt 2000-tal. Teoretiskt används i boken en kulturanalytisk ansats där kultur definieras som de praktiker och system i kommunikationen människor emellan där mening skapas. Kvädet är inte bara en levande kulturskatt, det kan även sägas ha samhällsrelevans. Den bär således fortfarande på mening idag kring olika slags beständiga dilemman, såsom kärlek, död, hjältemod, maktmissbruk, offervilja, krig, vänskap och girighet.
Correlation Fractal Dimension Analysis Mountainous Traditional Village Settlement Spatial Form –Case Study of Qiandongnan in Guizhou
Authors: Wu Ersilin , Liao Boi-yee
Published: March 2024

Objective: A study carried out in the traditional villages of Qiandongnan in Guizhou province, located in China, to portray 409 traditional villages’ spatial distribution and fractal charicteristic, as well as its implications for the preservation of the group of traditional villages.
 
Theoretical framework: From previous research, traditional village quantitative research on spatial area focuses on the statistics of mathematical models and spatial analyses of GIS, which indirectly reflect the complexity of the spatial patterns of traditional villages. Therefore, applying fractal theory to the spatial complexity of villages can provide a relatively objective and direct assessment for studying traditional villages with different formation backgrounds.
 
Method: Data were collected in Google Earth map data and spatial data were obtained, which were synthesized and analyzed using spatial, statistical and mathematics analysis to verify the distribution factors and know about villages’ spatial fractal characteristics.
 
Results and conclusion: The mountain settlements in Qiandongnan are concentrated in Leishan based on the Miao national group and “Liping-Congjiang-Rongjiang” based on the Dong national group. The q values of the explanatory power of each factor for the spatial distribution of traditional villages in the Qiandongnan area are, in descending order, intangible cultural heritage > GDP > distance from roads > height > the proportion of ethnic minorities > urbanization rate > average annual temperature > average annual precipitation > distance to rivers.
 
Research implications: Villages contribute significantly to the enhancement of traditional Chinese culture, especially the preservation of historical buildings and distinctive local cultures. Furthermore, Knowing the factors of traditional village centralized contiguous protection mode and rural planning based on the policy of rural revitalization in China.
 
Originality/value: Collected traditional villages’ distribution data from the official website and marked on the Google Earth map. Spatial analysis distribution of villages and emphasizes the importance of spatial correlation analysis in understanding the relationship between land use and rural population distribution.
Proposal for A Model Based on Elements and Digital Transformation Project Management Practices to Support Business Agility
Authors: Galvão Junior Geovane Soares , Penha Renato , Gonçalves Marcelo Luiz do Amaral , Silva Luciano Ferreira da
Published: March 2024

Objective: The objective of this article is to present a conceptual model that includes the elements and practices of Digital Transformation project management to support Business Agility, as the adoption of project management practices and digital technologies allows organizations to adapt flexibly to the business environment in which they operate.
 
Method/design/approach: To achieve the objective, field research was carried out using interviews and focus groups.
 
Results and conclusions: Based on the results, it was possible to present a conceptual model that represents the elements and practices of managing Digital Transformation projects to support Business Agility in organizations.
 
Research Contributions: In relation to theoretical contributions, the results obtained from the literature review compared with empirical research allowed discussions to advance on the phenomenon of Digital Transformation and Business Agility.
 
Originality/Value: A practical model capable of supporting project management professionals during the life cycle of Digital Transformation projects stands out.
Estimating Extreme Rainfall Equation Parameter in Southeast Brazil Using Machine Learning
Authors: Silva Alex Tavares , Lugon Junior Jader , Telles Wagner Rambaldi
Published: March 2024

Purpose: This article explores the use of advanced machine learning techniques, including Random Forests and Deep Learning, to predict parameters of the intense rainfall equation.
 
Methods: The study applies deep neural networks and random forests to predict parameters of the intense rainfall equation. Random Forests method is employed to handle the heterogeneity of data, while Deep Learning captures non-linear relationships. The application takes place in the state of Rio de Janeiro, with a focus on predicting parameters for specific municipalities using available data from the ANA (Brazilian Water Agency).
 
Results and Conclusion:  The neural network demonstrates accuracy in learning these parameters, with discrepancies attributed to differences in historical data periods. Despite limitations, the neural network shows promise in predictions, while the Random Forest closely aligns with the results of the neural network and the Gumbel method. The algorithms perform less accurately in regions with limited training data, emphasizing the need for additional variables to enhance prediction accuracy.
 
Research implications: The most significant implication of this research is the potential improvement in intense rainfall forecast, using advanced machine learning techniques such as Random Forests and Deep Learning. Society will benefit with it resulting in better systems, in specific municipalities within the state of Rio de Janeiro, for early warning, risk managements, and urban planning.
Sifat Fisis dan Mekanis Komposit Poliester Berpenguat Serat Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit
Authors: Pranata Pranata , Savira Fasya , Nurmadina Nurmadina
Published: March 2024

Pada proses pengolahan kelapa sawit menyisakan Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) berkisar 20% â€“ 23% dari jumlah panen tandan buah sawit. Salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk menangani masalah limbah TKKS dengan mengolah TKKS menjadi serat. TKKS memiliki kandungan serat mencapai 72,67% dan dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai penguat komposit polimer. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi fraksi volume serat TKKS terhadap sifat fisis (kerapatan) dan sifat mekanis yaitu Modulus Of Elasticity (MOE) dan Modulus Of Rupture (MOR) komposit polimer. Matriks yang digunakan dalam pembuatan komposit menggunakan resin poliester. Pembuatan komposit penelitian ini menggunakan metode hand lay-up dengan tipe serat randomly oriented discontinuos fiber composite yang berukuran 2- 3cm. Komposisi serat TKKS bervariasi yaitu 4%, 8%, 12%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa nilai kerapatan, MOE dan MOR tertinggi terdapat pada 4% fraksi volume serat TKKS yaitu sebesar 1,29 g/cm3, 15.830,70 kgf/cm2 dan 363 kgf/cm2. Nilai kerapatan, MOE dan MOR meningkat seiring dengan penurunan variasi fraksi volume serat. Hasil yang diperoleh, memenuhi standar SNI 01-4449-2006 dan termasuk pada kriteria papan serat berkerapatan tinggi.
Penentuan Kadar Astaxanthin, Uji Antiinflamasi Dan Sitotoksik Terhadap Sel Kanker Payudara Ekstrak Aseton Spirulina Platensis
Authors: Armaini  , Syafrizayanti  , Zara Aulia
Published: March 2024

Spirulina platensis is a microalgae widely used in the health sector due to its micronutrients, biopigment such as astaxanthin. Astaxanthin is carotenoid belonging to strong antioxidant, which has anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. This study aims to determine astaxanthin contents, to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxic potential of breast cancer cells MCF-7 treated with acetone extract from Spirulina platensis. Extraction is done by maceration method. Astaxanthin contents were determined using UV-Vis spectrophotometer set to 479 nm. The anti-inflammatory assays were performed using inhibition of protein denaturation method and cytotoxic assays were performed using the MTT method. From results of study, the extract contained  6,3008 mg/L astaxanthin. The IC50 values for anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic tests ​​were 363,399 mg/L and 66,68 mg/L, respectively. According to the result of the tests, acetone extract from Spirulina platensis showed anti-inflammatory activity and moderate cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
Detection and Absolute Quantification Porcine DNA in Sausages Using Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) Method
Authors: Syafrizayanti  , Safni S. , Nurhayati
Published: March 2024

Identification of adulteration of processed meat products with unwanted ingredients is a crucial issue. These meat products are prone to forgery and mix with porcine. Meat source authentication is important for Muslim consumers to whom comsumption of products containing pork and its derivatives in an products is prohibited. This present study aims at development of detection and quantification method of porcine DNA (Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid) in processed meat products, sausages. Two novel primer pairs were designed specifically targeting fragment of Displacement Loop (D-Loop) and cytochrome b (cyt b) of porcine mitochondrial DNA and to generate 139 bp and 143 bp amplicons, respectively. Detection and quantification were accomplished by Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR). Porcine DNA standard curves and cycle threshold were used for quantification. The detection limit of porcine DNA was as little as 0.05 pg. Of all sausages tested (n=13), four of them contained porcine DNA as much 3.1 pg; 0.160 pg; 0.294 pg; and 0.110 pg in 0.001 mg of sausages for J, G, I, and L samples respectively. The specific qPCR assay method can be used for the detection of porcine DNA in minute amounts, which can be used for the halal authentication of food and pharmaceutical products.
VIBRATING MACHINE FOR SURFACE PREPARATION AND SEALING
Authors:   National University «Yuri Kondratyuk Poltava Polytechnic», Vasyliev Alexey , Yakovenko Andrii ,   National University «Yuri Kondratyuk Poltava Polytechnic»
Published: March 2024

Vibration plates belong to the means of small mechanization and are mainly used for layer-by-layer compaction of vari-ous materials, such as sand, gravel, bitumen mixtures, etc. Vibro-tamping methods are used in the technology of road surfaces construction and other constructures. Self-propelled vibrating slabs are also used in other construction processes, such as laying, backfilling trenches, land work and laying paving slabs. They provide effective compaction of materials using vibro-tamping methods. The article is aimed at determining the optimal equipment for compacting materials during the construction of small objects. The goal of the authors is to consider the choice of vibration plates and their working bodies that best meet the requirements and needs for compacting various materials on small construction sites. A detailed study of this aspect will achieve optimal results in the process of compaction and develop recommendations for choosing the best working bodies for specific conditions of construction work.Due to different operating conditions and surface characteristics, we need emphasize on the improvement of the compac-tion method for best results. In general, this analysis can make a significant contribution to the development of effective material compaction strategies in the construction industry, contributing to improved construction quality. The key area of research is to expand the knowledge of the interaction of the working body of the vibration plate with various types of compressible mate-rial. Analysis of different types of working bodies for different surfaces can improve the compaction process and provide optimal conditions for different types of building materials, taking into account their unique properties.To perform soil compaction, we developed a vibration machine with a replaceable working body. This design allows to choose the optimal working body for each type of working material and thereby improve the quality of the compaction. In general, this analysis can make a significant contribution to thedevelopment of effective material compaction strategies in the construction industry, contributing to improved construction quality.
Валентина Николаевна Тугужекова — организатор научной школы в Хакасии и Туве
Authors: Мамышева Елена Петровна , Степанов Михаил Геннадьевич , Харунова Марианна Монге-Байыровна , Харунов Рамиль Шатмуратович
Published: March 2024

В статье рассматривается история формирования научной школы по новейшей истории Южной Сибири (Хакасии и Тувы), созданной одним из известных научных деятелей Саяно-Алтайского региона — доктором исторических наук, профессором Валентиной Николаевной Тугужековой. Факты биографии, связанные с ее детством, юностью, студенческими годами, работа в комсомольской организации – стали этапами становления будущего наставника молодых ученых. Подчеркивается особое значение с ее личностном и профессиональном росте аспирантуры Ленинградского государственного педагогического института им. А. И. Герцена
На протяжении многих лет она руководила Хакасским научно-исследовательским институтом языка, литературы и истории, являясь одним из успешных организаторов гуманитарной науки в Сибири.
Рассматривается вклад В. Н. Тугужековой в подготовку научных и педагогических кадров для республик Южной Сибири. В период с 1995 года по настоящее время она подготовила более сорока специалистов, научные исследования которых закрыли многие пробелы в истории Тувы и Хакасии.
Тувинские произведения в антологиях современной литературы народов России: измерения поэзии, прозы, драматургии
Authors: Арзамасов Алексей Андреевич , Должикова Анжела Викторовна
Published: March 2024

В статье рассматриваются произведения тувинских писателей, вошедшие в антологии современной литературы народов России: Современная литература народов России. Поэзия. Антология (2017), Современная литература народов России. Проза. Антология (2018),  Современная литература народов России. Драматургия. Антология (2020). Для исследования отобраны поэтические, прозаические, драматические тексты, в совокупности позволяющие сделать выводы относительно общего состояния и тенденций развития тувинской литературы рубежа ХХ–ХХI столетий.
Установлено, что тувинская литература на фоне многих других литературных традиций народов России выделяется как высоким художественным качеством, так и разнообразием стилей, творческих концепций. В ходе исследования был выявлен ряд важных особенностей, свойственных тувинской литературе: актуализация выразительных возможностей природной символики, регулярное конструирование своей пространственной реальности, повышенное внимание к историческим событиям и персонажам, психологическая глубина, широкое использование приема визуализации.
Был сделан вывод о том, что тувинской литературе присуща высокая степень художественного выражения этнокультурной составляющей. Очевидно, что тувинская литература в целом сохраняет свою языковую самостоятельность, лингвокультурную самобытность.
На материале антологий предпринята попытка обозначить ключевые стратегии развития литератур народов России.
First record of Elaphrus (Sinoelaphrus) angulonotus Shi et Liang, 2008 (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from Russia
Authors:   Institute for Complex Analysis of Regional Problems, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sholom-Aleikhem Str. 4, Birobidzhan, 679016, Russia, Budilov P.V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution "State Nature Reserve "Bastak", Sholom-Aleikhem Str. 69a, Birobidzhan, 679016, Russia
Published: March 2024

The ground beetle Elaphrus angulonotus Shi et Liang, 2008 and subgenus Sinoelaphrus are recorded from Russia for the first time. The images of male body and genitalia of this species are given.
Brothers under the Skin. The Portrait of Sir Arthur Hopton and his Secretary by Jacob van Oost
Authors: Sanzsalazar Jahel
Published: March 2024

Amongst the most interesting and controversial paintings of American Museums, the impressive Portrait of Sir Arthur Hopton and a Secretary (Dallas, Meadows Museum) remains labelled as ‘Anonymous’ despite several attempts to identify its author. The work indeed has a long history of attributions, mostly to painters from the 17th century Spanish School, none of which proved convincing enough. When Matías Díaz Padrón proposed the Flemish painter Jacob van Oost the Elder as the possible author of the portrait, although solidly based on compelling stylistic considerations, scholars remained sceptical due to the lack of evidence of the possible contact between the sitter and the painter. The present article provides substantial new arguments to link Sir Arthur Hopton to Flanders, and more particularly to Bruges, Van Oost’s native city. Moreover, a closer look at the painting allows for an opportunity to question the assumed date of the portrait, 1641, considering 1649 instead.  In this scenario, the sitter’s nephew, Sir Ralph Hopton is revealed as a key figure: his potential involvement in the commission and conception of the work providing answers to several questions that remained unexplained. Finally, an unnoticed inscription in the canvas possibly reveals much more.Resumen: Entre las pinturas más controvertidas de los museos norteamericanos, el imponente Retrato de Sir Arthur Hopton y su secretario (Dallas, Meadows Museum), continúa como “Anónimo” a pesar de las múltiples tentativas de encontrarle autor.  Cuenta, en efecto, con un largo historial de atribuciones, mayoritariamente a la escuela española del siglo XVII, ninguna lo suficientemente convincente. Cuando Matías Díaz Padrón propuso al flamenco Jacob van Oost el Viejo como posible autor del retrato, a pesar de sus sólidas y convincentes consideraciones estilísticas, los estudiosos se mostraron escépticos, a falta de pruebas de un posible contacto entre el retratado y el pintor. El presente artículo aporta nuevos elementos que vinculan a Sir Arthur Hopton con Flandes de manera significativa y, más precisamente, con Brujas, la ciudad natal de Van Oost. De otra parte, una observación más detenida de la pintura conduce a cuestionar la fecha de 1641 hasta ahora asumida para el retrato, optando en su lugar por 1649. En este cruce de circunstancias, el sobrino del retratado, Sir Ralph Hopton, emerge como figura clave; su vinculación potencial con el encargo y la concepción de la pintura daría respuesta a varios interrogantes.  Por último, una inscripción inadvertida podría desvelar algo más.
INFLUENCE OF GAS ATMOSPHERE COMPOSITION ON THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF AMMONIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM AND CALCIUM HYPOPHOSPHITES
Authors: Верещагин А.Л. , Минин Е.Д. , Бычин Н.В. , Морозова Е.А.
Published: March 2024

Ключевой стадией термораспада гипофосфитов является реакция диспропорционирования, которая определяет фазовый состав и морфологию конечных продуктов. Отличительными особенностями термораспада гипофосфита аммония является образование полифосфорной кислоты, а для продуктов термораспада всех рассмотренных гипофосфитов – наличие красного фосфора. Реакции термораспада гипофосфитов на воздухе характеризуются высокими значениями тепловыделения.

The key stage of hypophosphite thermal decomposition is the disproportionation reaction, which determines the phase composition and morphology of the final products. Distinctive features of the thermal decomposition of ammonium hypophosphite are the formation of polyphosphoric acid, and for the thermal decomposition products of all considered hypophosphites - the presence of red phosphorus. Hypophosphite thermal decomposition reactions in air are characterized by high values of heat release.
Multilayer construction for maintaining a microclimate in industrial buildings in the Arctic
Authors: Гаркуша Н.В. , Попова И.М.
Published: March 2024

Освоение крайнего севера поднимает вопросы обустройства и развития инфраструктурных объектов, строительство которых сопряжено с подбором материалов, способных выдерживать экстремально низкие температуры и перепады температур без потерь своих основных свойств. Представлена многослойная композитная конструкция, состоящая из наружных листов двухслойного базальтопластика, выполненного из базальтовой ткани, пропитанной эпоксидным компаундом, между слоями одного из покровных листов проложены углеродные нити и внутреннего слоя из пенополиуретана. Представлены результаты исследования атмосферостойкости многослойного композита. Приведены результаты экспериментальных испытаний механических характеристик композита и его внутреннего слоя без облицовочных слоев: на сжатие и статический изгиб сосредоточенной нагрузкой, нарастающей с постоянной скоростью. Исследована адгезионная прочность между пенополиуретаном и базальтопластиком. Найдено распределение теплового потока по сечению конструкции и предложена модель определения осевых температурных напряжений. По результатам исследования композитная конструкция рекомендована к использованию для теплозащиты инфраструктуры в условиях Арктики.

The development of the far north raises issues of the arrangement and development of infrastructure facilities, the construction of which involves the selection of materials capable of withstanding extremely low temperatures and temperature changes without loss of their basic properties. A multilayer composite structure is presented, consisting of outer sheets of two-layer basalt plastic made of basalt fabric impregnated with an epoxy compound, carbon filaments and an inner layer of polyurethane foam are laid between the layers of one of the cover sheets. The results of a study of the weather resistance of a multilayer composite are presented. The results of experimental tests of the mechanical characteristics of the composite and its inner layer without facing layers are presented: for compression and static bending of concentrated.
The first and second collisions of three atoms after departure from the surface of the condensed phase
Authors: Желтов С.А. , Плетнев Л.В.
Published: March 2024

Важную роль в процессах массопереноса играет взаимодействие молекул с поверхностями систем и с поверхностью конденсированной фазы при испарении вещества. Интенсивность испарения вещества зависит от температуры поверхности, т.е. от количества молекул, вылетающих с единицы поверхности. Значительную роль в процессе испарения играют первые и вторые столкновения молекул, вылетающие с поверхности, которые образуют слой Кнудсена над поверхностью. В представленной работе, на основе модели жестких сфер, проведен анализ плотностей распределений столкновений трех атомов, одновременно вылетающих с поверхности конденсированной фазы во времени и в пространстве. Получены плотности распределений первых и вторых столкновений атомов во времени и в пространстве в зависимости от температуры поверхности и размера области вылета. Компьютерные эксперименты проводились методом Монте-Карло. Для получения результатов был разработан параллельный алгоритм, адаптированный к расчетам на графических процессорах с технологией CUDA.

An important role in the processes of heat and mass transfer is played by the interaction of molecules with the surfaces of systems and with the surface of the condensed phase during the evaporation of substance. The intensity of evaporation of the substance depends on the surface temperature, i.e. on the number of molecules departing from a unit of the surface. A significant role in the evaporation process is played by the first and second collisions of molecules departing from the surface, which form a Knudsen layer above the surface. In the presented work, the analysis of the collision densities of three atoms, simultaneously escaping from the surface of the condensed phase in time and space, has been carried out on the basis of the model of rigid spheres. The distribution of the first density and the second collision of atoms in time and space, depending on the surface temperature and the size of the departure area, have been obtained. Computer experiments were carried out using the Monte Carlo method. To obtain the results, a parallel algorithm adapted to calculations on graphics processors with CUDA technology was developed.
PyJCFit: A Non-Linear Regression Random Search Algorithm for Chemistry Data Fitting
Authors: Chen Jixin
Published: March 2024

Hyperparameter optimization using non-linear least-square regression is a common fitting method for data analysis in chemistry, physics, biology, and engineering. It is sometimes challenging to balance various factors such as accuracy, computational time cost, and time cost in setting up the optimization. In this report, I introduce a naïve dynamic grid-searching algorithm named Python jump-chain fitting (PyJCFit) to reduce setting up time costs for a beginner in early-stage optimizations, which combines two different methods, grid and stochastic searching algorithms. The idea is to search all parameters heuristically and sequentially (a vector, not a grid matrix) in trusted bounds with an exponential distribution of space paying attention to the neighbor area of the guessed value. The distribution is somewhat random, and the chain does not require differential equations to optimize. PyJCFit is relatively slow but carries significant advantages in compound equations with breaks, peak searching, and global fitting; and various scoring functions beyond square residual, even those poorly behaved are allowed.
In Ovo Sexing of Chickens through VOCs: Assessment of System, Setup, and Day-to-Day Performance using HSSE-GC-MS, PTR-TOF-MS, and SIFT-MS
Authors: Corion Matthias , Portillo-Estrada Miguel , Santos Simão , Everaert Nadia , Lammertyn Jeroen , Hertog Maarten , De Ketelaere Bart
Published: March 2024

In ovo sexing involves identifying chicken embryo sex before or during incubation to avoid euthanizing male chicks after hatching, enhancing animal welfare in the laying hen industry. Recently, researchers demonstrated the potential for non-invasive and early in ovo sexing through the analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by eggs. However, a knowledge gap persists in comprehending the robustness of prediction models, the efficacy of faster acquisition techniques, and the day-to-day performance variations. In our study, we performed two experiments to fill these gaps. In Experiment 1, passive VOC extractions were performed on 110 eggs on incubation day 10 using sampling bags employing headspace sorptive extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HSSE-GC-MS), proton transfer reaction-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (PTR-TOF-MS), and selected ion flow tube-mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS). Prediction models were built using partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and variable selection methods. As a result, prediction accuracies ranged from 57.6 % to 61.4 %, indicating no significant difference between the devices and highlighting the need for further optimizations. In Experiment 2, passive VOC samplings were performed on 42 eggs in glass jars during the initial 12 days of incubation using HSSE-GC-MS. Consequently, the optimized setup yielded higher accuracies ranging from 63.1 % to 71.4 %, revealing VOCs consistently elevated in relative abundance for a specific sex, and overall VOC abundance was higher in male embryos. Suggestions for future experiments to increase the accuracy of VOC in ovo sexing include active sampling with inert materials, expanding sample sets, and targeting consistent compounds.
Effect of H+ Exchange & Surface Impurities on Bulk & Interfacial Electrochemistry of Garnet Solid Electrolytes
Authors: Wang Sunny , Barks Edward , Lin Po-Ting , Xu Xin , Melamed Celeste , McConohy Geoff , Nemsak Slavomir , Chueh William
Published: March 2024

Contact loss and current constriction pose significant challenges at the Li metal interface of solid-state batteries. For garnet-structured Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO), these effects are amplified by Li+/H+ exchange and surface contamination reactions, which lead to conductivity losses and poor Li wetting. In this study, we utilize a variety of surface treatment processes across 37 cells to selectively induce proton exchange and contamination reactions in LLZO. The resulting bulk and surface chemistry is systematically characterized and correlated to changes in electrochemical properties. Additionally, we combine impedance analysis and finite element method modeling to deconvolute sources of impedance contributions at the Li metal interface. Specifically, we show that constriction impedance at the Li metal interface arises not solely from voids, but also from ionically-resistive surface contaminants. These findings emphasize the connection between ionic conductivity and constriction, demonstrating that micron-scale ionically-resistive components increase constriction even with identical contact geometries. Finally, we leverage our comprehensive dataset to highlight unstable overpotential growth as a failure mechanism, additionally showing that the phase of a cell’s impedance is a sensitive indicator for the onset of interfacial instability. Overall, this study clarifies the impacts of proton exchange and surface contamination on electrochemical properties at the Li|solid electrolyte interface and elucidates insights that are generalizable to other solid-state battery systems.
Seasonal Changes in the thermal tolerances of Odontophrynus occidentalis (Berg, 1896) (Anura: Cycloramphidae)
Authors: Sanabria Eduardo A. , Quiroga Lorena B. , Martino Adolfo L.
Published: March 2024

We studied the thermal tolerances of Odontophrynus occidentalis during the dry and wet seasons of the Monte Desert in San Juan Province, Argentina. This toad had differences in CTmax between dry and wet seasons, with CTmax values being greater in the wet season (Austral summer). Operative temperature, body temperature, and environmental maximal temperature were related to CTmax suggesting seasonal acclimatization in O. occidentalis. Additionally, the CTmax recorded for O. occidentalis was 36.1ºC, and the maximum ambient temperature measured during the toads’ activity time was 37ºC. The CTmin of O. occidentalis was 4.1ºC while the minimum environmental temperature recorded was 7.2 ºC. The wide tolerance range observed and the relationship between tolerance limits and the environmental extremes indicate that seasonal acclimatization is an effective mechanism by which toads can raise their thermal tolerance. This is a highly relevant adaptation allowing them to survive in the challenging conditions of the Monte Desert.
Organizational and technological reliability of complex buildings with recourse supply risks modeling
Authors: Al-Msari A.A.R.A. , Rudenko A. A.
Published: March 2024

Introduction. In recent days, the resources of a construction project (СP) are limited; therefore, the main tasks of managing the resource supply of construction production (RSСP) are optimal planning of resources and management of material and technical support. This includes managing the resources, supply, inventory management and distribution of resources by type of construction and installation work (CIW).

Materials and methods. For a systematic analysis of the functioning of a construction project, organizational and technological subsystems are identified that have the greatest impact on the quality and reliability of construction systems. These include construction scheduling, resource support for construction and estimates that determine the cost characteristics of construction production.

Scientific novelty. As a criterion for determining the effectiveness of the construction process, the article proposes to use the organizational and technological reliability (OTR) of complex development, taking into account resource supply. The article examines the factors influencing this criterion, as well as determines the indicators of factors and the interval values of the risk assessment of OTR. The values of the OTR indicator are obtained, which is the probability of completing the project on time, and the classification of factors affecting OTR is supplemented.

Results. Contractors and developers provide construction facilities with all necessary resources according to the technological sequence of production of the CIW, established calendar plans and construction schedules. The organisation of complete supplies of resources through enterprises and divisions of production and technological equipment, as well as production and acquisition bases will provide for the redistribution of necessary resources to fulfill the production program between the construction sites of complex development.The novelty of the study lies in the modelling of the organizational and technological reliability of complex development, taking into account the risks of resource supply.

Discussion and conclusion. To ensure successful resource provision, it is necessary to take into account the risks and take into account, within the framework of information programming, the organizational and technological reliability of the technological processes of the construction project, taking into account the specific conditions and factors of the implementation of the integrated development project.
Method for calculating annual duration of maintenance and repairs of domestic and foreign excavators considering time in service
Authors: Salikhov R. F. , Berdnikov I. E.
Published: March 2024

Introduction. Over the years of cooperation between foreign manufacturers and domestic operating enterprises, a significant amount of construction equipment has been supplied. In this regard, there is a need to develop and improve existing standards governing the methodology for calculating the operating modes of construction machines. Often, the use of indicators given in regulatory documents shows a significant discrepancy in comparison with the actual indicators obtained characterizing the annual operating modes of machines. The article presents a method for calculating the annual duration of technical maintenance and repairs (TM and R) using the example of single-bucket hydraulic excavators of domestic (EOD) and foreign production (EOFP).

Methods and materials. The method is based on the obtained patterns of changes in operating time between failures, the duration of maintenance and repair of analogues of EOD and EOFP.

Results. As the studies have shown, over the course of operation, the annual duration of maintenance and repair in the EOD increases by 1.73 times, and 1.13 times in the EOFP; the duration of a single maintenance and repair in the OED is 2 times, and 1.4 times in the EOFP; the average time between failures in the EOD is 1.65 times less than in the EOFP at the studied intervals. The indicator of the duration of the EOD in TO and P for 1 operating hours, based on the dependencies obtained, shows an excess of 4.25 times, and according to the regulatory source MDS 12-8.2007, it is 6.03 times higher than that of its foreign counterpart.

Discussion and conclusions. As a result of the application of the proposed method, the annual fund of time costs associated with maintaining and restoring the working technical condition can be predicted not only for domestic, but also for foreign single-bucket hydraulic excavators, the accuracy of planning the work performed increases compared with existing standards, this enables to take into account the unevenly distributed annual downtime depending on the planned working time, this will have a positive effect on the planning of the use of equipment. The data obtained can be used for the EOFP of the 5-th standard-sized group as normative
Improvement of urban passenger ground transport structure based on coordinated development of subsystems
Authors: Dryuchin D. A.
Published: March 2024

Introduction. The high importance of the urban passenger transport complex as a system determining the level of socio-economic development of the urban area is formulated. One of the systemic problems of the passenger transport complex of modern cities is the decentralization of planning and management processes, which determines the structural imbalance of key subsystems. The results of a literary review are presented, during which the works devoted to improving the efficiency of the transport process, the process of providing energy resources and the process of maintaining rolling stock in good condition are considered. The necessity of developing a methodology ensuring the coordination of the state and functioning of key subsystems of the transport complex is noted. The purpose of scientific work is defined, the list of solved tasks is defined.

Materials and methods. The structural scheme of the urban passenger transport complex is given, a conceptual approach to solving the problem of coordinated optimization of its key subsystems is described. The following are defined: the target indicator, the objective function and its limitations that determine the optimization process being implemented. A brief description of methods for determining and mutual coordination of structural parameters of subsystems forming the material basis of the transport complex is given.

Results. Theoretical provisions reflecting a conceptual approach to ensuring the efficiency of urban transport systems based on the coordinated development of subsystems, based on the magnitude of the proposed integrated efficiency indicator, are presented. Based on the data obtained from the results of analytical studies and field experiments, a calculation was made that made it possible to determine the structural parameters of the subsystems of the urban passenger transport system of one of the cities, ensuring the maximum value of the efficiency of transport activities provided by structural coordination of the subsystems that make up the material basis of the urban passenger transport system.

Discussion. The solution of the tasks set is reflected, indicators reflecting the achievement of the research goal are indicated, confirmation of the hypothesis about the possibility of improving the efficiency of the urban passenger transport complex through the implementation of conditions ensuring the coordinated development and interaction of key subsystems is formulated.

Conclusion. A generalizing conclusion about the solution of an important scientific, methodological and applied task – to increase the efficiency of the passenger transportation process along urban passenger transport routes based on ensuring the coordinated development of the subsystems that make up its material base is formulated.
EXPLORING EFFECTIVE METHODS TO BOOST VIRTUAL WORKERS' MORALE FOR IMPROVED PROJECT PERFORMANCE
Authors: Ibeh Florence , Oyekunle David , Boohene David
Published: March 2024

Background: The continuous advancement of information technology has transformed how businesses and organizations carry out their day-to-day activities. Many people are choosing to work remotely because they are handling a significant number of human interactions through various virtual communication platforms. Remote work facilitates business growth and improves customer service, yet it presents its challenges, necessitating an investigation into virtual team morale to guarantee project success.
 
Method: This study employed content analysis of readily available secondary data to examine the investigated phenomenon.
 
Results: The study determined that the key elements for enhancing project success in virtual teams are technology adoption, an environment free from distractions, effective leadership, trust, communication, a well-defined task, active team engagement, and motivation. The study also found that morale strongly influences engagement and productivity in virtual teams. Therefore, when morale is high, virtual teams achieve their optimal performance.
 
Conclusion: The research concluded that selecting the suitable technology for communication, assigning virtual team members with distinct roles and responsibilities, fostering a culture of accountability and trust within virtual teams, promoting efficient team collaboration, and motivating virtual team members are the most impactful tactics for enhancing employee engagement and performance in virtual teams.