bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dexamethasone may improve severe COVID-19 via ameliorating endothelial injury and inflammation: A preliminary pilot study
Authors: Kim Won-Young , Kweon Oh Joo , Cha Min Jae , Baek Moon Seong , Choi Seong-Ho
Published: July 2021

Dexamethasone provides benefits in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), although data regarding immunological profiles and viral clearance are limited. This study aimed to evaluate for differences in biomarkers among patients with severe COVID-19 who did and did not receive dexamethasone. We measured plasma biomarkers of lung epithelial/endothelial injury and inflammation in 31 patients with severe COVID-19 and in 13 controls. Changes in biomarkers and clinical parameters were compared during the 7-day period among COVID-19 patients, and also according to dexamethasone use. Thirty-two patients with severe COVID-19 who received mechanical ventilation (n = 6), high-flow nasal cannula (n = 11), and supplemental oxygen (n = 15) were analyzed. Relative to controls, patients with severe COVID-19 had significantly higher concentrations of biomarkers related to glycocalyx shedding (endocan and syndecan-1), endothelial injury (von Willebrand factor), and inflammation (soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products [sRAGE] and interleukin-6). The 7-day decreases in biomarkers of endothelial injury (angiopoietin-2 [Ang-2] and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 [ICAM-1]) and sRAGE, but not in the biomarker of lung epithelial injury (surfactant protein D), were correlated with decreases in C-reactive protein and radiologic score at day 7. Twenty patients (63%) received dexamethasone, and the dexamethasone and non-dexamethasone groups differed in terms of disease severity. However, dexamethasone was associated marginally with increased SpO2/FiO2 and significantly with decreases in C-reactive protein and radiologic score after adjusting for baseline imbalances. Furthermore, the dexamethasone group exhibited a significant decrease in the concentrations of Ang-2, ICAM-1, soluble form of the Tie2 receptor (a biomarker of glycocalyx shedding), and sRAGE. Both groups exhibited a clinically insignificant increase in the cycle threshold value. Severe COVID-19 may be characterized by more severe endothelial injury and inflammation, and less severe lung epithelial injury. There is a possibility that dexamethasone improved severe COVID-19 and related endothelial injury without delaying viral clearance.
Mental health of college students and associated factors in Hubei of China
Authors: Lei Xiaosheng , Liu Chaojie , Jiang Heng
Published: July 2021

Background

Although many studies have analyzed mental health problems in college students in China, the associations of mental health with individual and family circumstances, academic performance, and social support were rarely discussed.

Objectives

The study aimed to determine the mental health status and its associated factors among college students in China.

Methods

An online survey was conducted on 300 students selected through a cluster sampling strategy in a university in Hubei, China, tapping into sociodemographic characteristics of the participants, their mental health status measured by the modified Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90), and social support measured by the Social Support Rating Scale. Multivariate linear regression models were established to identify predictors of the SCL-90 scores.

Results

Mental health disorders were found in 8% of the respondents, with obsessive compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity and depression as the top three reported problems. Compared with the national population norms of university students in 2014, our study participants had higher scores in SCL-90. There were statistically significant difference in the Global Severity index (GSI) and all nine subscales scores (p<0.05). Poorer self-rated health, higher study pressure, and lower social support were significant predictors of higher SCL-90 scores (p<0.05) after adjustment for variations in other variables.

Conclusions

College students in Hubei, China may experience a range of different mental health problems, which are associated with their individual, study, and social circumstances.
Metabolome analysis revealed that soybean–Aspergillus oryzae interaction induced dynamic metabolic and daidzein prenylation changes
Authors: Takahashi Haruya , Ochiai Koji , Sasaki Kuni , Izumi Atsushi , Shinyama Yu , Mohri Shinsuke , Nomura Wataru , Jheng Huei-Fen , Kawada Teruo , Inoue Kazuo , Goto Tsuyoshi
Published: July 2021

Several isoflavonoids are well known for their ability to act as soybean phytoalexins. However, the overall effects of the soybean–Aspergillus oryzae interaction on metabolism remain largely unknown. The aim of this study is to reveal an overview of nutritive and metabolic changes in germinated and A. oryzae-elicited soybeans. The levels of individual nutrients were measured using the ustulation, ashing, Kjeldahl, and Folch methods. The levels of individual amino acids were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. Low-molecular-weight compounds were measured through metabolome analysis using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Although the levels of individual nutrients and amino acids were strongly influenced by the germination process, the elicitation process had little effect on the change in the contents of individual nutrients and amino acids. However, after analyzing approximately 700 metabolites using metabolome analysis, we found that the levels of many of the metabolites were strongly influenced by soybean–A. oryzae interactions. In particular, the data indicate that steroid, terpenoid, phenylpropanoid, flavonoid, and fatty acid metabolism were influenced by the elicitation process. Furthermore, we demonstrated that not the germination process but the elicitation process induced daidzein prenylation, suggesting that the soybean–A. oryzae interactions produce various phytoalexins that are valuable for health promotion and/or disease prevention.
Factors that influence data sharing through data sharing platforms: A qualitative study on the views and experiences of cohort holders and platform developers
Authors: Devriendt Thijs , Borry Pascal , Shabani Mahsa
Published: July 2021

Background

Infrastructures are being developed to enhance and facilitate the sharing of cohort data internationally. However, empirical studies show that many barriers impede sharing data broadly.

Purpose

Therefore, our aim is to describe the barriers and concerns for the sharing of cohort data, and the implications for data sharing platforms.

Methods

Seventeen participants involved in developing data sharing platforms or tied to cohorts that are to be submitted to platforms were recruited for semi-structured interviews to share views and experiences regarding data sharing.

Results

Credit and recognition, the potential misuse of data, loss of control, lack of resources, socio-cultural factors and ethical and legal barriers are elements that influence decisions on data sharing. Core values underlying these reasons are equality, reciprocity, trust, transparency, gratification and beneficence.

Conclusions

Data generators might use data sharing platforms primarily for collaborative modes of working and network building. Data generators might be unwilling to contribute and share for non-collaborative work, or if no financial resources are provided for sharing data.
Laboratório de Software
Authors: Silva Ana Karina Vieira da , Dantas Leonardo Henrique de Oliveira , Lodi Thiago Suzuqui , Alves Marcos , Santos Virmerson Bento dos
Published: July 2021

O projeto de extensão “Laboratório de Software” propõe a interação da área acadêmica com a comunidade externa de forma direta e indireta, criando produtos de software que possam atender diversas pessoas e classes sociais. O projeto contribui com a formação integral dos acadêmicos, aproximando-os do ambiente empresarial, de forma que eles possam ser capazes de desenvolver aplicações, desde a engenharia de requisitos, modelagem, regras de negócio ao desenvolvimento back-end e front-end. Essa prática os transforma em profissionais com experiência em diversas áreas, não somente no ramo de desenvolvimento, como nas áreas de design, engenharia de software, e relacionamento interpessoal. O Laboratório de Software se utiliza dos conteúdos vistos em sala de aula de forma prática, fazendo, assim, com que o aluno perceba a importância de cada etapa do desenvolvimento de uma aplicação. Outro intuito é fornecer conhecimento à comunidade externa, por meio de cursos, demonstrações e consultorias na área de tecnologia.
Desenvolvendo habilidades por meio da indissociabilidade entre ensino, pesquisa e extensão
Authors: Braido Gabriel Machado , Conto Samuel Martim de , Cerutti Bernardete Bregolin
Published: July 2021

A indissociabilidade entre ensino, pesquisa e extensão gera uma formação acadêmica ampliada e integrada, tão necessária para atender novos modelos e formas de gestão que emergem na sociedade contemporânea. Por isso, este estudo procurou identificar a contribuição do componente curricular denominado “Vivência em Gestão” no desenvolvimento das habilidades previstas no projeto pedagógico dos cursos da área de gestão da Universidade do Vale do Taquari. A revisão da literatura contempla um olhar para as habilidades sociais e as contribuições do tripé universitário no desenvolvimento de saberes. O desenvolvimento do artigo apresenta, também, a descrição da referida vivência em gestão. Os dados foram coletados por meio de uma pesquisa aplicada, composta por estudantes e gestores de empresas incubadas. Para atender ao objetivo proposto, a pesquisa valeu-se das abordagens quantitativa e qualitativa. Na análise dos dados, os resultados comprovam que os três conjuntos de atividades práticas realizadas no componente curricular contribuíram significativamente para o desenvolvimento pessoal, profissional e acadêmico dos participantes. Assim, a visão estratégica, a empatia e relacionamento interpessoal e a formação de equipe foram apontadas pelos estudantes como as habilidades mais desenvolvidas durante a vivência em gestão. Da mesma forma, houve relevantes contribuições dos estudantes para as empresas envolvidas no estudo, sobretudo na gestão das áreas financeira e logística.
Extensão multidisciplinar em Odontologia
Authors: Ferreira Iury Eduardo de Sena , Lima Danielly Davi Correia , Tavares Nayara Rodrigues Nascimento Oliveira , Silva Gisele Rodrigues da , Oliveira Maria Antonieta Veloso Carvalho de
Published: July 2021

O projeto de Extensão “Tratamento endodôntico e restaurador em dentes molares” foi criado no início do ano de 2015, visando atender a necessidade de se ampliar esse serviço oferecido pela Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (FOUFU). Por meio da análise dos prontuários dos pacientes atendidos pelo projeto, nos anos de 2015 a 2019,  observou-se a relevância da extensão e sua valorização tanto quanto o ensino e a pesquisa, pois é a partir dela que se tem a oportunidade de colocar em prática os conhecimentos apreendidos em sala de aula, devolvendo-os à sociedade. O projeto permitiu conhecer o perfil dos pacientes, o que ajudou no processo de reconhecimento do diagnóstico situacional e para o processo de planejamento das atividades a serem realizadas nas clínicas da FOUFU.  O atendimento multidisciplinar prestado, em instituição de ensino público, mostrou-se eficaz, eficiente e voltado para atender as demandas sociais, corroborando com a importância dos projetos de extensão em saúde.
The Impact of Comprehensive and Progressive Trans-Pacific Partnership Free Trade Agreement on Indonesian Economy
Authors: Munandar Aris , Salam Annisa Nur , Ridho M. Taufik
Published: July 2021

Islamic law is inclined toward free trade and condemned imposing tariffs on trade with other states. Even when tariffs were imposed, they were imposed based on reciprocity. The Comprehensive and Progressive Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) is a free trade agreement to realize tariff elimination. CPTPP was signed by 11 countries in Santiago, Chile, on March 8, 2018, and this renewed agreement attracted Indonesia to join. This study analyzes the possible impact of CPTPP implementation on the Indonesian economy using the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model. We conduct a simulation to evaluate the impact of CPTPP on the Indonesian economy. The results show that the implementation of CPTPP leads to an increase in the real GDP and welfare of Indonesia. Also, the study found that CPTPP is beneficial to members. These results generally justify the elimination of tariffs promoted by Islamic law.
The Determinant of Islamic Performance Ratio: Do Financing Deposit Ratio, Financing Quality, and Return on Asset Ratio Matters?
Authors: Nugroho Lucky , Nugraha Erik , Badawi Ahmad
Published: July 2021

Islamic banks have the aim of providing benefit to all humankind. Therefore, to measure the performance of Islamic banks, different indicators are needed from conventional banks. One of the indicators that can be used to measure Islamic banks' performance is the Islamic performance ratio (IPR). This study aims to determine the factors that influence IPR. By employing moderated regression analysis with the panel data of 7 Islamic commercial banks during 2012-2017, this study found that several factors are significantly influencing the performance of Islamic banks as indicated by the IPR indicator. That is the return on asset ratio (ROA) which has a positive direct effect on IPR and non-performing financing (NPF) that becomes a moderating variable for the effect of financing to deposit ratio (FDR) on IPR that weakens FDR’s effect. Although the NPF does not have a direct influence on the performance of Islamic banks, Islamic banks still have to be careful with NPF, because it can reduce the effect of FDR on the performance of Islamic banks.
Philosophy behind Islamic Economics: Limited Desires and Unlimited Resources
Authors: Shabbir Malik Shahzad , Ahmed Husnain
Published: July 2021

The most famous definition of economics among modern academicians and economists is a branch of science which deals with the study of the relationship between limited resources and unlimited wants or desires. Under the shadow of this definition, there are different types of conventional economic systems included relativism, utilitarianism, and universalism, etc. This study has been introduced in the economic world through an evolution process. There is a dominant feeling within the Muslim elites that either Islam is unable to respond to complex contemporary challenges in the fields of trade and economics or its economic concepts are old and outdated. Both of these perceptions are incorrect. The real philosophy, concept, and definition of Islamic economics are based on limiting desires and unlimited resources which are supported by Quran and Hadith. The beauty of Islamic economics is based on limited desires and unlimited resources. This concept of Islamic economics can share the risk of profit and loss in their business. Islamic banks with this revolutionary approach will feel at ease in implementing Shari’ah-based finance and offer risk-sharing products and services.
Innovation of Tourism Supply Chain Management: A New Agenda for Optimization. The Case of Kazakhstan
Authors: TUKIBAYEVA Kuralay , ZHANSEITOVA Gulnara , KIRDASINOVA Kasiya , PRANEVICH Alla , SULEIMENOVA Zhanargul , TURALIN Amirzhan , NURGALIYEVA Almagul
Published: July 2021

Despite the recognition of tourism as a priority sector, the development pace and indicators remain low. Innovation management methods are required that will positively affect the entire industry. The main article goal is to identify the problems of tourism sector development for the positive effects achievement and the system transition to a new, qualitative one, as well as identifying barriers and constraints. The problems raised by the authors in the article require comprehensive study and analysis. The authors conducted a comparative analysis of travel and tourism competitiveness index of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2017 and 2019 years. The authors also analyzed the main indicators of the development of the tourism sector, financial and economic activities of tourism companies in the Republic of Kazakhstan, studied the tourism potential of Nur-Sultan city and Akmola region. As a result of the conducted research, conclusions are drawn, and recommendations are given.
Tourism Supply Efficiency: An Analysis of Countries in the Asia-Pacific Region
Authors: NONTHAPOT Sakkarin
Published: July 2021

The objective of this research is to analyze the factors affecting the tourism supply and its efficiency of the tourism supply for countries in the Asia-Pacific region. The method uses the stochastic frontier with Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) analyzed by Frontier software. 4.1. The data were collected from panel data from 2010 - 2019 for 23 countries. The results of the study revealed that 1) Tourism investment from the private sector and timing factors positively affect the tourism supply of countries in the Asia-Pacific region, while the tourism labor value factor has a negative effect on the tourism supply of countries in the region 2) For the technical performance measurement of tourism supply in each sub-region in the Asia-Pacific region, the average is between 0.387 and 0.657. East Asia shows the highest technical efficiency in China, Hong Kong, Japan, Macau and Mongolia while South Asia has the lowest technical efficiency in Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and the Maldives, respectively.
Role of biochemical parameters in the differential diagnosis of viable pregnancy, anembryonic pregnancy and intrauterine fetal exitus in cases of first trimester threatened abortion
Authors: Özolcay Ozan , Şık Bulat Aytek
Published: July 2021

It is aimed to establish criteria about the prognosis and life potential of pregnancy by using ultrasonographic imaging techniques and hormonal parameters to evaluate embryonic life potantial in threatened miscarriage patients. Our study consists of 45 pregnant patients who were admitted for vaginal bleeding during pregnancy and were diagnosed as a threatened miscarriage. The study group consisted of pregnant women diagnosed with threat of miscarriage pregnancy week is lower than 20 weeks according to their last menstrual period. Estradiol, Progestrone, β-hCG hormone level are measured from patients, the same day after the ultrasound examination. The group whose pregnancy resulted with live birth and the group whose pregnancy ended with spontaneous abortion were statistically compared according to their hormonal parameters; it was found to be significantly lower in the group that resulted in live birth (p <0.01). Sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values of β-hCG, E2, P4 levels were found to be significant in patients with threatened miscarriage. Increase both time loss and correct diagnosis rate, after vaginal speculum examination the first choice in patients with abortus imminens is to request a transvaginal ultrasonographic examination and then assesment of hormonal parameters (β-hCG, progesterone, estradiol) if necessary.
​Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.
Özet
 
Düşük tehdidi olan hastalarda embriyonik yaşamın devamını değerlendirmek için ultrasonografik görüntüleme teknikleri ve hormonal belirteçleri kullanarak gebeliğin prognozu ve yaşam potansiyeli hakkında kriterler oluşturmak amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmamız, gebelikte vajinal kanama nedeniyle başvuran ve düşük tehdidi tanısı alan 45 gebe hastadan oluşmaktadır. Herhangi bir sistemik hastalığı bulunmayan ek bir jinekolojik patolojisi olmayan ve son adet tarihinden kesin olarak emin olan hastalar çalışma gruplarına dahil edildi. Çalışma grubu son adet tarihine göre 20 hafta ve daha küçük gestasyonel haftadaki düşük tehdidi tanısı alan gebelerden oluştu. Hastalardan Estradiol, Progestrone, β-hCG ölçümleri yapıldı. Gebeliği canlı doğum ile sonuçlanan grup ile gebeliği spontan abortusla sonlanan grubun β-hCG, P4, E2 degerleri istatiksel olarak karşılaştırıldığında; canlı doğum ile sonuçlanan grupta anlamlı olarak düşük bulunmuştur (p<0.01). Abortus imminensli hastalarda β-hCG, E2, P4 düzeylerinin sensivite spesifite, negatif ve pozitif prediktif değerleri anlamlı çıkmıştır. Abortus imminensli hastalarda vaginal muayene sonrası yapılacak ilk iş hem vakit kaybını hem de doğru tanı oranını arttırmak için ilk olarak transvajinal ultrasonografik inceleme ve ardından gerekirse hormonal parametreleri (β -hCG, progesteron, estradiol) istemek doğru olacaktır.
REDUCING THE CLOCKWISE-ALGORITHM TO k LENGTH CLASSES
Authors: Ripà Marco
Published: July 2021

In the present paper, we consider an optimization problem related to the extension in k-dimensions of the well known 3x3 points problem by Sam Loyd. In particular, thanks to a variation of the so called “clockwise-algorithm”, we show how it is possible to visit all the 3^k points of the k-dimensional grid given by the Cartesian product of (0, 1, 2) using covering trails formed by h(k)=(3^k-1)/2 links who belong to k (Euclidean) length classes. We can do this under the additional constraint of allowing only turning points which belong to the set B(k):={(0, 3) x (0, 3) x ... x (0, 3)}.
LOGISTIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT FOR PREDICTION OF COVID-19 INFECTED INDIVIDUALS: CASE STUDY IN CENTRAL JAVA PROVINCE, INDONESIA
Authors: Arditya Okky Widya , Widowati Widowati , Sutimin Sutimin , Tjahjana R. Heru , Sasongko Priyo Sidik
Published: July 2021

In early 2020, covid-19 spread fast in the worldwide and cause the high death. The disease started from the Asian region which resulted in a viral pandemic in 2020. In order to anticipate the increasing of the cases, a strategy is needed to inhibit its transmission.  The mathematical model approach is important tool for predicting of covid-19 spread in populations. In this paper we propose and analyze the dynamical behaviour of a developed logistic model by considering the effect of the contact patterns in reducing the covid-19 spread process.  To verify the developed logistic model, numerical simulation was given with case study of covid-19 spread for patients under supervision in Central Java Province, Indonesia.  Based on simulation results, it was found that physical distancing can reduce the growth of the covid-19 spread for patient under supervision. It can be seen from the number of covid-19 spread for patients under supervision with physical distancing intervention smaller compared to without physical distancing intervention.
Use of herbal formulations for the treatment of circumcision wounds in Eastern and Southern Africa
Authors: Maroyi Alfred
Published: July 2021

Medicinal plants used to treat and manage circumcision wounds have remained an integral part of traditional practice in Eastern and Southern Africa. This study reviews the traditional usage of medicinal plants to treat and manage circumcision wounds in Eastern and Southern Africa. Drawing on data from Kenya, Namibia, South Africa and Tanzania, information was collected from different sources including books, theses and electronic scientific search engines such as Scopus, Science Direct, PubMed, SciFinder and Google Scholar. A literature search was also undertaken focusing on medicinal plants used against circumcision wounds that demonstrated antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities in in vitro studies. Twenty-eight medicinal plants from 15 families are recorded as traditional therapies for circumcision wounds following an extensive literature search. These species used to treat and manage circumcision wounds, and as dressing after circumcision to prevent serious inflammation are mainly (64.3%) members of Amaryllidaceae, Asparagaceae, Asteraceae, Euphorbiaceae and Fabaceae families. Three quarters (75.0%) of these species including Acalypha ornata, Achyranthes aspera, Asparagus africanus, Boophone disticha, Brunsvigia grandiflora, Burkea africana, Colophospermum mopane, Datura stramonium, Dichrostachys cinerea, Helichrysum appendiculatum, H. foetidum, H. longifolium, H. nudifolium, H. pedunculatum, Lippia javanica, Maesa lanceolata, Ptaeroxylon obliquum, Ricinus communis, Searsia natalensis, Triumfetta rhomboidea and Vachellia nilotica have shown antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects in a set of in vitro models. Further studies are needed such as isolation of phytochemical compounds, in vivo activities, clinical and toxicological studies.
Genetic engineering and genome editing techniques in peanut plants
Authors: Lamboro Abraham , Song Baixing , Songnan Yang , Han Xiao , Mingguo Hao , Li Xueying , Yao Dan , Zhang Jun
Published: July 2021

Research has long been associated with human life. In the effort to make a living, many experts who have contributed to the modernization of traditional research methods by conducting various research activities. In this process, professionals, from farmers to senior researchers, have done their part by developing plants that can tolerate or resist to disease. The growing population, climate change and plant disease are having a devastating effect on food security. In particular, it is essential to increase food production by producing high yielding crops of good quality, that may ensure food security. Recently, different gene- editing technologies have been developed. These techniques have been applied in many research fields and their development has provided economic benefits to farmers. Agrobacterium-mediated and biolistic methods are very important techniques for transforming genetic materials in plants. Genome- editing technologies are recent and highly applied in plant research to improve genes associated with yield, disease resistance and drought resistance. For example, Zinc-finger Nucleases (ZFNS), Transcription Activator-like Effector Nucleases (TALEN), and Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats system (CRISPR/ Cas9) methods are now widely applied by researchers and are playing a positive role in increasing production and productivity. Of the gene- editing technology, CRISPR/ Cas9 is widely applied in plant breeding programme as it is easy to use and cost-effective. In this review, we mainly focus on peanut plant, which is an important oil-bearing allotetraploid crop. Therefore, peanut gene editing-technology could increase the oleic acid content in edible peanut oil. Thus, genome editing and gene transformation technologies are extensively explored in this review.
Inna polityka pamięci
Authors: Budrowska Kamila
Published: July 2021

Recenzowana w artykule książka, Perceptions of Society in Communist Europe. Regime Archives and Popular Opinion, została napisana w ramach długoterminowego grantu, kierowanego przez Muriel Blaive, redaktorkę naukową publikacji. Zawiera analizę porównawczą historii komunizmu w Czechosłowacji oraz – w mniejszym zakresie – w innych krajach bloku wschodniego: pojedyncze artykuły dotyczą Polski, Węgier, Rumunii, Bułgarii i NRD. Uzupełnia stan badań nad komunizmem analizowanym z perspektywy transnarodowej i pomaga zrozumieć doświadczenie, które było udziałem kilku generacji Europejczyków. Autorka szkicu podkreśla wysoki poziom publikacji i jej nowatorstwo w zakresie oparcia naukowego wnioskowania na doświadczeniach potocznych obywateli bloku wschodniego.
Long noncoding RNA HULC contributes to paclitaxel resistance in ovarian cancer via miR-137/ITGB8 axis
Authors: Huang Bo , Wei Min , Hong Li
Published: July 2021

Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) highly upregulated in liver cancer (HULC) has been reported to be implicated in chemoresistance. However, the potential mechanism of HULC in paclitaxel (PTX)-resistant ovarian cancer (OC) remains undefined. The expression of RNAs and proteins was measured by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot assay. The PTX resistance and apoptotic rate were assessed via 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Furthermore, the interaction between miR-137 and HULC or integrin beta-8 (ITGB8) was predicted by miRcode and starBase v2.0 and then verified by dual luciferase reporter and RNA pull-down assays. In addition, the xenograft mice model was established to explore the effects of HULC in vivo. HULC was significantly upregulated and miR-137 was downregulated in PTX-resistant OC tissues and cells. Also, the HULC depletion suppressed tumor growth and PTX resistance in PTX-treated mice. miR-137 was verified as a target of HULC and directly targeted ITGB8. And HULC knockdown downregulated ITGB8 expression by targeting miR-137. miR-137 inhibitor or ITGB8 overexpression mitigated the suppressive impacts of HULC knockdown on PTX resistance. Collectively, HULC modulated ITGB8 expression to promote PTX resistance of OC by sponging miR-137.
Prediction of compounds with antiosteoporosis activity in Chrysophyllum cainito L. leaves through in silico approach
Authors: Ma’arif Burhan , Fitri Hilwa , Saidah Nisfatul Lailatus , Najib Luqman Alfani , Yuwafi Achmad Hamdan , Atmaja Ria Ramadhani Dwi , Inayatillah Fidia Rizkiah , Dianti Meilina Ratna , Laswati Hening , Agil Mangestuti
Published: July 2021

Objectives

Estrogen deficiency causes various health problems in postmenopausal women, including osteoporosis. Phytoestrogen emerged as a potential alternative of estrogen with minimum side effects. The aims of this study were to analyze the metabolite profiling results of various extract of Chyrsophyllum cainito L. leaves, which contain phytoestrogen, through in silico study against 3OLS protein, an X-ray protein of ERβ, so it can predict the types of the phytoestrogen contents which have antiosteoporosis property.

Methods

In silico analysis was carried out for the compounds from the metabolite profiling data of C. cainito leaves from our previous study. The structure compounds from metabolite profiling results of various extract of C. cainito leaves were prepared with Avogadro 1.0.1 software, molecular docking was done using PyRx 0.8 software, and Biovia Discovery Studio Visualizer 2016 software was used to visualize the structure of compounds against 3OLS protein. The physicochemical characteristics of the compounds were analyzed using the SwissADME web tool.

Results

From in silico studies, it was known that there were total 11 compounds in C. cainito leaves that predicted as phytoestrogens which have ERβ agonist properties against 3OLS protein. The ERβ agonist was a compound that has parameters similar to 17β-estradiol in its interaction with 3OLS protein, which has a pharmacophore distance of 10.862 Å, and binding to amino acids His 475 and Glu 305 or Arg 346 at receptor-ligand docking simulation.

Conclusions

C. cainito leaves contain 11 compounds that are predicted to be phytoestrogens with ERβ agonist properties, which is responsible for antiosteoporosis activity.
Artocarpus sericicarpus stem bark contains antimalarial substances against Plasmodium falciparum
Authors: Tumewu Lidya , A’yun Lutfah Qurrota , Ilmi Hilkatul , Hafid Achmad Fuad , Widyawaruyanti Aty
Published: July 2021

Objectives

The finding of alternative medicine for malarial treatment still has become a substantial demand. The plant is one of the potential sources of drugs, among other natural sources. Artocarpus species showed great potential as the antimalarial source. This study aims to obtain active antimalarial fractions from Artocarpus sericicarpus stem bark.

Methods

Stem bark of A. sericicarpus was extracted by ultrasonic-assisted extraction method using n-hexane, dichloromethane, and methanol as solvents. Fractionation of dichloromethane extract was conducted by open column chromatography using octadecyl silica as a stationary phase and gradient acetonitrile-water as a mobile phase. The antimalarial activity was determined by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 strain.

Results

A. sericicarpus n-hexane, dichloromethane, and methanol extracts were showed antimalarial activity with an IC50 value of >4, 2.11, and >4 μg/mL, respectively. Fractionation of dichloromethane extract was obtained 13 fractions. Seven of the 13 fractions tested showed antimalarial activity. Fraction-6 performed the highest inhibition with an IC50 value of 1.53 ± 0.04 μg/mL. Phytochemistry screening revealed that Fraction-6 contains flavonoid, polyphenol, and terpenoid compounds that can take a role in its antimalarial activity.

Conclusions

A. sericicarpus contains antimalarial substances mainly in Fraction-6, which strongly inhibited the growth of P. falciparum. The flavonoid, polyphenol, and terpenoid compounds were identified in Fraction-6, which need to be further isolated to obtain and elucidate the active antimalarial compounds.
The stability and irritability study of the chitosan–Aloe vera spray gel as wound healing
Authors: Retnowati Dini , Sari Retno , Hendradi Esti , Septiani Septiani
Published: July 2021

Objectives

Chitosan is a natural polysaccharide widely used in various clinical applications including regeneration of skin tissue. Aloe vera has properties in healing burns on the skin, anti-inflammatory effect, and leaves a protective layer on the skin after drying so it provides protection to the wound. The spray gel of chitosan–A. vera was developed as a wound healing that has combined of effect of both component and easy to use. The purpose of this study was to determine the physical stability and irritability of chitosan–A. vera spray gel.

Methods

The spray gel stability test was conducted using thermal cycling and centrifugation methods. The organoleptic, viscosity, and pH of the spray were evaluated. The irritation test was performed by Draize Rabbit Test method.

Results

Chitosan (0.5%)–A. vera (1%) spray gel characteristics has a weak yellow color, clear, and a strong A. vera odor. The pH of the spray gel was 4.88 ± 0.01; and the viscosity was 36.50 ± 0.23 cps. The result from the chitosan (0.5%)–A. vera (1%) spray gel stability test using thermal cycling method showed a decrease of viscosity, but remained stable when evaluated using centrifugation method. There was no difference in the pH and organoleptic observation from both tests. Based on the scoring and analysis of the reaction in rabbit skin, the Primary Irritation Index (PII) obtained was 0.56.

Conclusions

The spray gel of chitosan (0.5%)–A. vera (1%) was stable and according to response category from the acute dermal irritation test, it can be concluded that chitosan (0.5%)–A. vera (1%) spray gel had a slightly irritating effect.
Fabrication and characterization of bovine hydroxyapatite-gelatin-alendronate scaffold cross-linked by glutaraldehyde for bone regeneration
Authors: Samirah  , Budiatin Aniek Setiya , Mahyudin Ferdiansyah , Khotib Junaidi
Published: July 2021

Objectives

Alendronate are widely used in the treatment of bone disorders characterized by inhibit osteoclast-mediated bone resorption such as Paget’s disease, fibrous dysplasia, myeloma, bone metastases and osteoporosis. In recent studies alendronate improves proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, thereby facilitating for bone regeneration. The disadvantages of this class are their poor bioavailability and side effects on oral and intravenous application such as stomach irritation and osteonecrosis in jaw. Thus, local treatment of alendronate is needed in order to achieve high concentration of drug. Bovine hydroxyapatite-gelatin scaffold with alendronate was studied. Glutaraldehyde was used as cross-linking agent, increase the characteristics of this scaffold. The objectives of this study were to manufacture and characterize alendronate scaffold using bovine hydroxyapatite-gelatin and crosslinked by glutaraldehyde.

Methods

Preparation of cross-linked bovine hydroxyapatite-gelatin and alendronate scaffold with different concentration of glutaraldehyde (0.00, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00%). The scaffolds were characterized for compressive strength, porosity, density, swelling ratio, in vitro degradation, and cytotoxicity (the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide assay, shorted as MTT assay).

Results

Bovine hydroxyapatite-gelatin-alendronate scaffold cross-linked with glutaraldehyde showed lower density than without glutaraldehyde. As glutaraldehyde concentration increased, porosity also increased. Eventually, it reduced compressive strength. Swelling ratio and in vitro degradation was negatively dependent on glutaraldehyde concentration. In addition, the scaffold has a good safety by MTT assay.

Conclusions

Bovine hydroxyapatite-gelatin-alendronate scaffold was fabricated with various concentrations of glutaraldehyde. The presence of glutaraldehyde on bovine hydroxyapatite-gelatin-alendronate is safe and suitable candidate scaffold for bone regeneration.
The effects of quercetin on the expression of SREBP-1c mRNA in high-fat diet-induced NAFLD in mice
Authors: Saleh Al-maamari Jamal Nasser , Rahmadi Mahardian , Panggono Sisca Melani , Prameswari Devita Ardina , Pratiwi Eka Dewi , Ardianto Chrismawan , Balan Santhra Segaran , Suprapti Budi
Published: July 2021

Objectives

The study aimed to determine the effect of quercetin on the expression of primary regulator gene involved in lipogenesis and triglycerides synthesis in the liver, and the sterol regulatory binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) mRNA in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with a high-fat diet (HFD) model.

Methods

Fifty-six Balb/c mice were divided into seven groups: standard feed; HFD; HFD and quercetin 50 mg/kg for 28 days; HFD and quercetin 100 mg/kg BW for 28 days; HFD and quercetin 50 mg/kg for 14 days; HFD and quercetin 100 mg/kg for 14 days; HFD and repaired fed for 14 days. Quercetin was administered intraperitoneally. The animals were sacrificed 24 h after the last treatment; the liver was taken for macroscopic, histopathological staining using hematoxylin–eosin and reverse transcription-PCR analysis sample.

Results

HFD significantly increased the expression of SREBP-1c mRNA; meanwhile, quercetin and repaired feed significantly reduced the expression of SREBP-1c mRNA in the liver. Quercetin at a dose of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg also improved liver cells’ pathological profile in high-fat diet NAFLD.

Conclusions

The present study suggests that quercetin has an inhibitory effect on SREBP-1c expression and improved liver pathology in NAFLD mice.
Gastroprotective effect of fluvoxamine and ondansetron on stress-induced gastric ulcers in mice
Authors: Rahmadi Mahardian , Su’aida Nily , Yustisari Pratiwi , Agung Dewaandika Wahyu , Oktavia Hanaratri Elma , Andarsari Mareta Rindang , Sumarno  , Aryani Toetik
Published: July 2021

Objectives

The association between stress and gastric ulcers has been well reported. This study is divided into two parts: the first part of this study is consisted of analyzing the effect of fluvoxamine administration by intracerebroventricular (ICV) and intraperitoneal (IP) injections on stress-induced gastric ulcers. The second part investigates the effect of ondansetron in influencing the protection of the gastric mucous by giving fluvoxamine to the mice before being induced with stress.

Methods

Water immersion restraint stress (WIRS) was used to induce stress. Fluvoxamine 50 and 100 mg/kg by IP injection, fluvoxamine 9.3 µg, and 18.6 µg by ICV injection 30 min before the induction of stress. Meanwhile, single drug and in combination administered to the mice, ondansetron 3 mg/kg was given by IP at 60 min, and fluvoxamine 50, 100 mg/kg orally at 30 min before stress induction.

Results

The obtained results show fluvoxamine 50 and 100 mg/kg by IP, and fluvoxamine 18.6 µg by ICV had significantly reduced ulcer index with p<0.005, p<0.001, and p<0.005 while fluvoxamine 9.3 µg showed the insignificant result. Fluvoxamine 50 mg/kg, fluvoxamine 100 mg/kg, and ondansetron 3 mg/kg monotherapy have a significant reduction in ulcers with p<0.005, p<0.001, and p<0.05, while the combination drugs showed an insignificant reduction in ulcers.

Conclusions

Fluvoxamine with different administration routes and ondansetron monotherapy before stress reduce the occurrence of gastric ulcers, while the combination drugs did not increase the protective effect of the gastric mucosa.
Molecular docking studies of Nigella sativa L and Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb secondary metabolites against histamine N-methyltransferase with their ADMET prediction
Authors: Nurhan Ahmad Dzulfikri , Gani Maria Apriliani , Budiatin Aniek Setiya , Siswodihardjo Siswandono , Khotib Junaidi
Published: July 2021

Objectives

Histamine N-methyltransferase (HNMT) is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the inactivation of histamine in central nervous system, kidneys and bronchi. Inhibition of HNMT is known to have a potential role in treating attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, memory impairment, mental illness and neurodegenerative illnesses. Therefore, to find potential compounds that could be developed as novel HNMT inhibitors, this study conducted an in silico study of the secondary metabolites of Nigella sativa L and Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.

Methods

In this study, we conducted a molecular docking study of 36 secondary metabolites of N. sativa L and 26 secondary metabolites of C. xanthorrhiza Roxb using an in silico approach targeting HNMT protein (PDB ID: 2AOT) using AutoDockVina software. The prediction of ADMET characteristics was done using the pkCSM Online Tool.

Results

This study obtained one metabolite from N. sativa L (longifolene) and seven metabolites from C. xanthorrhiza Roxb {(+)-beta-atlantone, humulene epoxide, (−)-beta-curcumene, (E)-caryophyllene, germacrone, (R)-(−)-xanthorrhizol, and (−)-beta-caryophyllene epoxide} which were predicted to have potential to be developed as HNMT inhibitors.

Conclusions

This study found several secondary metabolites of N. sativa L and C. xanthorrhiza Roxb which had activity as HNMT inhibitors. This research can likewise be utilized as a basis for further research, both in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials related to the development of secondary metabolites from N. sativa L and C. xanthorrhiza Roxb as novel HNMT inhibitor compounds.
Inhibitory activity of Urena lobata leaf extract on alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase: in vitro and in silico approach
Authors: Purnomo Yudi , Makdasari Juliah , Fatahillah Faiqoh Inayah
Published: July 2021

Objectives

In food ingestion, alpha-glucosidase (α-glucosidase) and alpha-amylase (α-amylase) are enzymes that are responsible to convert a carbohydrate into glucose. Inhibition of both enzyme activities can prolong absorption of glucose in intestine and reduce post-prandial increase of blood glucose concentration, thus, it is beneficial for type-2 diabetes treatment. Traditionally, Urena lobata (U. lobata) has been used to manage diabetes, but the scientific proof of this claim remains scarce. Therefore, the objective of this study to examine the anti-diabetic potential of U. lobata leaf extract through inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase.

Methods

U. lobata leaf extract was obtained through extraction process using ethanol and the chemical compounds in the extract were analyzed by liquid chromatography–mass spectra (LC–MS). The inhibitory activity of U. lobata on α-glucosidase and α-amylase was evaluated by in silico using docking server, whereas in vitro enzymatic assays were using para-nitrophenyl-α-d-glucopyranoside (α-NPG) and starch as substrates. The data were presented as mean ± SD and the IC50 value was calculated using SPSS.

Results

U. lobata leaf extract showed inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase and α-amylase with the IC50 value was 43.73 and 83.73 μg/mL, respectively, meanwhile, acarbose as standard has IC50 value at 1.14 and 0.08 μg/mL. Molecular docking study indicated β-sitosterol and stigmasterol from U. lobata extract have a huge inhibitory activity both on α-amylase and α-glucosidase based on inhibition constant (Ki) value.

Conclusions

Ethanolic extract of U. lobata showed inhibition activity on α-glucosidase stronger than on α-amylase as antidiabetic.
Genetic profile mutation rpoB in clinical isolate of rifampicin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Zulfiana Risa , Suharjono  , Kuntaman
Published: July 2021

Objectives

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the bacteria which causes nosocomial infection. Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus eradication using antibiotics combined with rifampicin has shown good results, whereas, adjuvant rifampicin has long been hypothesized to improve the outcome of S. aureus infection treatment. Resistant-rifampicin S. aureus mutates in rpoB gene at some codons. This study was conducted to identify the mutation of rpoB gene in S. aureus which was resistant toward rifampicin.

Methods

In this study, isolates collected in the Microbiology Laboratory of Dr. Seotomo Surabaya Hospital during May–September 2019. Then, the dilution method was carried out to determine the minimum inhibition concentration for resistant-rifampicin and dilution to determine the inhibition zone diameter. After that, DNA extraction was carried out from rifampicin-susceptible isolates as a control and resistant-rifampicin isolates followed by identification of rpoB gene mutations by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and sequencing.

Results

There were nine isolates studied. They were four resistant-rifampicin isolates and four susceptible-rifampicin isolates. In four rifampicin-resistant isolates, the most frequent mutations that occurred was His-481 codon (75%) followed by the Ile-527 codon (25%). Rifampicin-susceptible isolates mutated in Pro-475 and Asn-474 codons. One rifampicin-resistant isolate had two mutations in codons Ile-527 and Asn-474.

Conclusions

The type of mutation that causes the most rifampicin resistance was a missense mutation. The susceptible-rifampicin isolate experienced silent mutations. There was a relation between the type of missense mutation of rpoB gene and rifampin resistance.
The association of FKBP5 polymorphism with asthma susceptibility in asthmatic patients
Authors: Alsaffar Sura F. , Alqaraghuli Haider Abdulhameed , Yenzeel Jabbar H. , Ghazi Haider F.
Published: July 2021

Objectives

Inhaled corticosteroids are the most effective controllers of asthma, although asthmatics vary in their response. FKBP51 is a major component of the glucocorticoid receptor which regulates its responses to corticosteroids. Therefore, the present study aims to identify the role of FKBP5 gene polymorphism in asthma susceptibility and corticosteroid resistance.

Methods

DNA was extracted from the blood of 68 asthmatic and 40 control subjects. FKBP5 gene fragments were amplified by PCR and sequenced by the Sanger method. The sequencing results were aligned by mapping on the reference sequences of National center of Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) which were checked. Finally, the genotype, allele frequency and odds ratio (OR) were calculated.

Results

The FKBP5 fragment sequencing revealed the presence of rs1360780 and one novel SNP found in 17 samples taken from asthmatic patients as compared to db SNP data in the NCBI database. The FKBP5 variant (rs1360780) indicated that the allele frequency of risk allele T was 41.18% in patients and 20% in control group members p<0.001 and OR=2.8 when compared to a wild C allele frequency of 58.82% in patients and 64% in the control group members. The novel SNP FKBP5 was compared to the SNP database in the NCBI database in which wild T allele was substituted with G. The novel SNP was submitted to the ClinVar Submission Portal at NCBI with accession number: rs1581842283 and confirmed an asthma susceptibility risk factor with allele G frequency of 11.76% in asthmatics and 2.5% in the control group members (OR=5.2, p<0.05), as compared to a wild T allele frequency of 88.24% in asthmatics and 97.5% in the control group members.

Conclusions

The risk allele T of rs1360780 and the novel SNP rs1581842283 risk allele G predict asthma susceptibility but show no association with corticosteroid resistant.