bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Políticas públicas em contextos intersetoriais: o desafio da coordenação e exemplo do biogás
Authors: Desclaux Laurene , Pinto Júnior Helder Queiroz
Published: December 2021

Um dos principais traços marcantes do processo de transformação da matriz energética mundial, visando a redução da participação de combustíveis fósseis, está relacionado com as oportunidades de ampliação da oferta e demanda de novos combustíveis. Uma ilustração exemplar desse movimento diz respeito a expansão observada, ao longo dos últimos anos, da produção e consumo, em vários países, do biogás. Esta fonte de energia possui potencial para contribuir para a redução das emissões de gases de efeito estufa, a segurança energética, a universalização do acesso à energia sustentável, a promoção do saneamento e a gestão de resíduos de diversos setores integrada com a produção de energia e de biofertilizantes. Entretanto, o desenvolvimento do biogás enfrenta barreiras devidas às suas características técnico-econômicas, diversidade de matérias-primas, usos e escalas possíveis, heterogeneidade de retorno financeiro entre os projetos, que dificultam a identificação e abordagem integrada por meio de políticas públicas e regulações. Este artigo propõe, através da análise do conjunto de políticas, programas e instrumentos de incentivo ao biogás no Brasil, a identificação das lacunas e problemáticas de coerência desse conjunto e dos mecanismos possíveis para remediar esses problemas. Resultados mostram que apesar do grande número de programas e instrumentos de incentivo à produção e consumo de biogás, a falta de uma abordagem completa dos diferentes aspectos do biogás e de uma de coordenação intersetorial entre políticas e programas reduz o potencial de expansão e de aproveitamento dos benefícios associados. Essas limitações podem ser explicadas pela falta de mecanismos de coordenação tanto na fase de formulação de políticas públicas, tradicionalmente elaboradas setorialmente e com pouca interação entre setores, quanto na implementação dos programas por meio de regulações e instrumentos de incentivo.
Analysis of Credit Risk, Intellectual Capital and Financial Performance of Listed Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria
Authors:   Bank of Industry-Nigeria, Muhammad Rislanudeen
Published: December 2021

This paper examined the effects of credit risk, intellectual capital as well as credit risk moderated by intellectual capital on financial performance of fifteen listed deposit money banks in Nigeria (DMBs) from 2007 to 2016. Data were sourced from annual reports of banks and Nigerian National Bureau of Statistics and analysed using Generalised Method of Moments (GMM). The study finds that credit risk index by loan loss ratio negatively affects financial performance of the sampled banks; while capital employed efficiency, loan loss provision moderated by intellectual capital, capital adequacy ratio, income and diversification have positive relationship with banks’ financial performance. Thus, the study recommends that banks should strengthen their credit risk management culture to ensure prompt repayment of loans. The banks should operate within the required capital adequacy ratio to serve as buffer against loan loss provisions provided by the Central Bank of Nigeria. A strong credit risk management culture should be embedded within intellectual capital structure of banks, where all persons at all levels appreciate and understand the banks’ risk management policies as well as strategies and incorporate same into decision-making and business processes.
A Study on Medical Welfare in Vietnam
Authors:   The board of construction investment project management in Trieu Son district, Hoang Nguyen Viet ,   and PhD candidate in Vietnam National University,Hanoi
Published: December 2021

Medical welfare are services provided to people with little or no fee, for the sake of a standardised health care for the general public. There are many methods are being implemented to achieve the goal of health welfare in Vietnam. These methods are being adopted simultaneously, including: (i) Investing in input resources to reduce costs; (ii) Incorporating public health services that are not provided by the private sector; (iii) providing support with health insurance and medical assistance. Healthcare welfare policies have exerted their effects on developing the national healthcare system. But, which require new modification and rectification for the sake of remarkable achievements in the future.
How to Measure Profile-Based Teacher Pedagogical Content Knowledge?
Authors:   Education Management Study Program, Postgraduate Program - State University of Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia, Sari Eliana
Published: December 2021

This study aims to determine the profile of teachers' pedagogic content knowledge (PCK) through PCK measurement management. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method. The respondents of this study were 105 science teachers at junior high schools in DKI Jakarta who were taken by random sampling. Teacher PCK is measured through 5 (five) domains, namely: curriculum, pedagogy, subject matter, students, and schools, which are arranged in 66 test and non-test instruments. Data collection techniques were carried out through the distribution of test and non-test instruments with a Likert scale. The results of the validity and reliability test with the Pearson and Cronbach's alpha correlation test showed that the instrument was proven to be valid and reliable. The usability and significance test results show consistent and useful results. The results showed that most of the science teachers' PCK was very high, while the very low was less than 2%. Teachers' PCK levels are also influenced by educational strata, age, and seniority. The recommendation of this research is to provide training on making PCK instruments for teachers, as an effort to optimize the knowledge of science teachers in increasing the PISA scores of Indonesian students.
Importancia de la aplicación de técnicas de relajación en el aula de educación física (Importance of the relaxation techniques application in the physical education classroom)
Authors: Bellver-Pérez Sara , Menescardi Cristina
Published: December 2021

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar los beneficios a nivel personal y escolar tras un programa de técnicas de relajación en el aula de Educación Física (EF). Un total de 177 estudiantes de tercero y cuarto de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria participaron en el estudio, divididos en grupo control (n = 87) y experimental (n = 90). Estos últimos realizaron una intervención didáctica relajatoria de 10 sesiones dentro del centro (en EF) y 10 retos extraescolares donde se abordaron diversos métodos (i.e., masaje, relajación progresiva de Jacobson, yoga, entrenamiento autógeno de Schultz y mindfulness). De acuerdo con el objetivo de estudio, antes y después de la realización de la intervención, el alumnado completó el Cuestionario de Hábitos de Relajación-Mindfulness para conocer los hábitos del alumnado que influyen en su competencia relajatoria, la Escala de Relajación Escolar para conocer su nivel de competencia relajatoria y un Cuestionario de evaluación del programa. Además, se entrevistó a dos profesores para conocer su opinión sobre la aplicación del programa. Los resultados mostraron que la intervención produjo mejoras notables en los hábitos de los y las estudiantes, así como un bienestar psicofísico y conductual que influye directamente en el clima de aula y en el rendimiento académico. Se concluye que la aplicación de estrategias diversas de esta disciplina resulta importante durante la tarea educativa.
Abstract: This research aims to analyze the personal and scholar-level benefits of a program of relaxation techniques in Physical Education (PE) lessons. A total of 177 students of the third and fourth grade of Secondary Education participated in the current study. Participants were divided into control group (n = 87) and experimental group (n = 90) with whom a relaxing educational intervention was carried out during 10 PE lessons and 10 outside school activities consisting of various methods (i.e., massage, Jacobson's progressive relaxation, yoga, Schultz's autogenic training and mindfulness). According to the study aim, before and after carrying out the intervention, the students completed the Mindfulness-Relaxation Habits Questionnaire to know the habits of the students that influence their relaxation competence, the School Relaxation Scale to know their level of relaxation competence and a program evaluation questionnaire. In addition, two teachers were interviewed to find out their opinion on the application of this program. The results showed the intervention program produced notable improvements in the students' habits, as well as a psychophysical and behavioral well-being that directly influences the classroom climate and academic performance. It is concluded that the application of diverse strategies of this discipline is important during the educational task.
Estudio comparativo de género sobre el acoso escolar: estrategias y acciones (Gender comparative study on bullying: strategies and actions)
Authors: Bonet Morro Alba , Alguacil Jiménez Mario , Escamilla-Fajardo Paloma , Pérez-Campos Carlos , Aguado Sergio
Published: December 2021

El acoso escolar sigue siendo uno de los problemas más importantes que acontece en el ámbito educativo de países desarrollados. Todavía es un desafío conocer detalladamente los aspectos más importantes para su prevención y tratamiento. Para contribuir a este objetivo, el presente estudio pretende aportar información sobre el acoso escolar y su actuación frente a estas situaciones entre el alumnado, tanto sobre su propia percepción de las situaciones de acoso, como de su actitud frente a dichas acciones sobre otros compañeros. En este sentido, se ha realizado una comparativa para conocer si existen diferencias en estas actuaciones en función el género. Para ello 592 alumnos y alumnas españoles han sido analizados utilizando un instrumento validados previamente por la literatura. Según los resultados obtenidos, existen diferencias significativas entre chicos y chicas en algunas de las cuestiones analizadas sobre el acoso en clase, lo que nos permite conocer más el fenómeno del acoso. Finalmente se han expuesto implicaciones prácticas y estrategias para su posible intervención y tratamiento desde el ámbito escolar.
Abstract. Bullying continues to be one of the most important problems occurring in the educational environment of developed countries. It is still a challenge to know in detail the most important aspects for its prevention and treatment. To contribute to this objective, the present study aims to provide information on bullying and its action in these situations among students, both on their own perception of bullying situations, as well as their attitude towards such actions on other classmates. In this sense, a comparative study was carried out to find out if there are differences in these actions according to gender. For this purpose, 592 Spanish male and female students were analysed using an instrument previously validated by the literature. According to the results obtained, there are significant differences between boys and girls in some of the questions analysed on bullying in class, which allows us to know more about the phenomenon of bullying. Finally, practical implications and strategies for possible intervention and treatment in the school environment have been presented.
Differences in body composition between affected and nonaffected sides in cerebral palsy football athletes: Preliminary findings (Diferencias en la composición corporal entre los lados afectados y no afectados em atletas de fútbol con parálisis cerebral:
Authors: Macedo Osmair Gomes de , Vieira Maria Filomena Soares , Cunha Carlota Leão da , Ferreira Vasco Miguel
Published: December 2021

To verify the symmetry of body composition distribution in cerebral palsy (CP) football players with hemiparesis, was carried out a cross-sectional study with17 football-7-a-side players with CP and hemiparesis, level I according to the Gross Motion Function Classification System and as class 7 according to the International Federation of CP Football. The body composition was evaluated, on both affected and nonaffected sides, by anthropometry and bioimpedance. As a result, fat free mass weight, limb girths and limb muscular areas were significantly higher on nonaffected side. In addition, fat mass weight, limb skinfolds and lower limb fat areas were significantly lower on nonaffected side, but the arm fat area are similar on both sides. These findings suggested that physical requirements of training and competitions of 7-a-side-football allows the muscular development in the non-affected side, however, they are not enough for the muscular development in the affected side to reach a similar development to the non-affected side. 
Resumen: Para verificar la simetría de la distribución de la composición corporal en jugadores de fútbol con parálisis cerebral (PC) y hemiparesia, se realizó un estudio transversal con 17 jugadores de fútbol 7 con PC y hemiparesia, nivel I según el Gross Motion Function Classification System, y como clase 7 según la International Federation of CP Football. La composición corporal se evaluó, tanto en el lado afectado como en el no afectado, mediante antropometría y bioimpedancia. Como resultado, el peso de la masa libre de grasa, la circunferencia de las extremidades y las áreas musculares de las extremidades fueron significativamente mayores en el lado no afectado. Además, el peso de la masa grasa, los pliegues cutáneos de las extremidades y las áreas de grasa de las extremidades inferiores fueron significativamente menores en el lado no afectado, pero el área de grasa del brazo es similar en ambos lados. Estos resultados sugirieron que los requisitos físicos del entrenamiento y las competiciones de fútbol 7 permiten el desarrollo muscular en el lado no afectado, sin embargo, no son suficientes para que el desarrollo muscular del lado afectado alcance un desarrollo similar al del lado no afectado.
The quality of rest and its relationship with physical activity practice during the COVID-19 lockdown in Spain (Calidad del descanso durante el confinamiento por la COVID-19 en España. Su relación con la práctica de actividad física)
Authors: Magaz-González Ana María , Mendaña-Cuervo Cristina , Sahelices-Pinto César , García-Tascón Marta
Published: December 2021

The Spanish state of alarm, for the COVID-19 outbreak, resulted in mobility restrictions, changes of habits and sleep disorders. We are investigating whether these disorders can be reduced with the practice of physical activity (PA). A questionnaire was administered to 1,046 people (48.57% men and 51.43% women), with an average age of 40 years (SD: ±13.35). A descriptive quantitative methodology based on a non-purposive sample was used and the data were subjected to non-parametric tests. Regarding rest (quantity of hours of sleep) increased in general, going from 7.13 hours to 7.65 (p=.000), whereas sleep quality worsened, the score decreased from 3.67 to 3.24, p=.000. For the age ranges (18 to 24 years, 25 to 64 and 65 or older), there was significant data (quality and quantity) for the first two ranges (p=.000), and none for the third. The relationship between PA practice and hours/quality of sleep, there were no significant correlations in the entire sample (p=.191, p=.113). The main finding was no significant correlation for any age ranges (sleep quantity & sleep quality), except for the group of 18-24 years. This result contradicts the findings of previous studies.
Resumen. El estado de alarma en España, por el brote de COVID-19, se tradujo en restricciones de movilidad, cambios de hábitos y trastornos del sueño. Se investiga si dichos trastornos pueden reducirse con la práctica de actividad física (AF). Se administra cuestionario a 1.046 personas (48,57% hombres y 51,43% mujeres), con una edad media de 40 años (DE: ±13,35). Se emplea metodología cuantitativa de corte descriptivo basado en muestra no intencional y los datos se someten a pruebas no paramétricas. En cuanto al descanso (cantidad de horas de sueño) aumentó en general, pasando de 7,13 horas a 7,65 (p=.000), mientras que la calidad del sueño empeoró, la puntuación disminuyó de 3,67 a 3,24, p=.000. Para los rangos de edad (18 a 24 años, 25 a 64 y 65 o más), hubo datos significativos (calidad y cantidad) para los dos primeros rangos (p=.000), y ninguno para el tercero. La relación entre la práctica de AF y las horas/calidad de sueño, no hubo correlaciones significativas en toda la muestra (p=.191, p=.113). El principal hallazgo fue que no hubo correlación significativa para ningún rango de edad (cantidad y calidad del sueño), excepto para el grupo de 18-24 años. Este resultado contradice conclusiones de estudios anteriores.
Impacto de la actividad física programada sobre el rendimiento motor de preescolares (Impact of scheduled physical activity on motor performance in preschoolers)
Authors: Zapata Lamana Rafael , Cigarroa Cuevas Igor , Monsalvez Álvarez Matias , Cenzano Castillo Lizette , Matus Castillo Carlos , Illanes Aguilar Lucia , Poblete-Valderrama Felipe
Published: December 2021

El estudio de la relación entre el desarrollo de patrones motores y los niveles de actividad física en la infancia, ha tomado un renovado interés con el objetivo de reorientar las prácticas en este grupo etario. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue comparar el efecto de una intervención de 12 semanas, mediante la ejecución de circuitos de actividad física, sobre el rendimiento motor en preescolares, la muestra seleccionada fue un grupo de niños y niñas de entre 4-6 años, que para efectos de la investigación se dividieron en dos grupos de acuerdo a su estado nutricional: normopeso (n=12) y sobrepeso/obesidad (n=9).Corresponde a un estudio cuantitativo, en el que se evaluó IMC/edad, circunferencia de cintura y rendimiento motor. De acuerdo con los resultados se logró evidenciar que existen mejoras significativas en el rendimiento motor del grupo normopeso, específicamente en el equilibrio, salto y carrera y en el grupo con sobrepeso/obesidad, solo hubo una mejora en la carrera. En conclusión, una intervención de actividad física, mediante circuitos, mejoró el rendimiento motor en la muestra de preescolares, principalmente en el grupo con estado nutricional normal.
Abstract: The study of the relationship between the development of motor patterns and levels of physical activity in childhood has taken a renewed interest with the aim of reorienting practices in this age group. The objective of this research was to compare the effect of a 12-week intervention, through the execution of physical activity circuits, on motor performance in preschoolers, the selected sample was a group of boys and girls between 4-6 years old, that for research purposes were divided into two groups according to their nutritional status: normal weight (n = 12) and overweight / obesity (n = 9). It corresponds to a quantitative study, in which BMI / age, circumference waist and motor performance. According to the results, it was possible to show that there are significant improvements in motor performance in the normal weight group, specifically in balance, jumping and running and in the overweight / obese group, there was only one improvement in running. In conclusion, a physical activity intervention, using circuits, improved motor performance in the preschool sample, mainly in the group with normal nutritional status.
A Clinical Study on Jalaukavcharana Follow with Karanjadi Ghrita Dressing for the Management of Dushta Vrana w.s.r. to Non-Healing Ulcer.
Authors: Bhati Dashrath Singh
Published: December 2021

Vranaor ulcer is a very common problem encountered by medical practitioners. Sushruta Samhita, the available basic classics of Salya Tantrahas given prime importance to Vranaand many chapters of the treatise are exclusively dedicated for Vranaand its management. Acharya Sushrutamentioned sixty treatment modalities for Vrana. Dushta Vranaare exhibiting less tendency or delayed tendency towards healing. It not only affects the patient physically but also the mental wellbeing of an individual. Dushta Vranais such a long-standing ulcer with profuse discharge and slough, where removing the debris and enabling drug to reach the healthy tissue is more important. These wounds cause patients severe emotional and physical stress and create a significant financial burden on patients and the whole healthcare system. Thus, to achieve good approximation, early healing, and acceptable scar, without complications. Karanjadi Gharitawas used for local application in the management of Dushta Vrana. Raktamokshanor Bloodletting tools have been dated to the Stone Age. Among the Para-surgical measures described in Ayurveda, Raktamokshanis prime important as it can provide complete remedy to many ailments. Raktamokshanusing Jalauka was performed.
A Review On KumkumadyaOil
Authors: Konde Apurva Haridas , N. Sharada. , Chikurte
Published: December 2021

The aim of Ayurvedis to protect health of healthy and eliminate diseases. Due to imbalance diet, increased pollution, stress, hormonal imbalance etc. skin problems are prominent nowadays. Apart from skin problems beauty has its own importance all the time. Herbal formulation like Kumkumadya oil/ tailamis one of the skin remedy for normal skin to be continued with glow and fairness. It is also for Nilika, pidakaand Vanga. It improves skin complexion and texture.Oil is one of the aushadha Kalpana comes under the Sneha Kalpaa. Dravya used to processed Sneha, increases the efficacy of Sneha.
Preclinical Evidence onthe Cardio Protective Activity of Prisniparni (Desmodium Gangeticum (L.) Dc) in Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury: A Narrative Review.
Authors: M.K Mridula. , Ansary P.Y. , Oommen Sara Moncy , Shincymol V.V. , R Sethu.
Published: December 2021

Heart failure developed by Myocardial Ischemia and Ischemia reperfusion injury has been a major challenge for medical science with its mortality and morbidity rate, worldwide. The need of the hour is medical interventions that can reduce injury from myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. It’s here where herbal medicines can play a pivotal role, as it is used in invention of many commercial drugs. Prisniparni (Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC is a widely used medicinal plant in Ayurvedafor various ailments especially in cardiac diseases. Medicated milk prepared from Prisniparniis advised in Vatika hridroga chikitsa. This review highlights the cardio protective activity of Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC) seen in several preclinical models of MyocardialIschemia reperfusion injury. A thorough literature search lead to 6 studies that met the inclusion criteria .Results of these studies pointed out the free radical scavenging activity of the plant Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DCduring Ischemia and Ischemia reperfusion. Which majorly helped in cardio protection by preserving mitochondrial respiratory enzymes.
The Role of Aragwadha (Cassia fistula Linn.) Against VataRakta(Gout) -A Review
Authors: Sharma Ish , Sharma Chander Shekhar , Dhakad Gagan Singh
Published: December 2021

The doctrine of Tridosha forms the cornerstone of Ayurveda, the oldest & pioneer healthcare / medical system in the world. The only difference between health and illness is the balance or imbalance among Tridosha. As per Ayurvedicliterature, most of diseases arise of some imbalance of Jatharagni(Metabolism Process).Vata Rakta/ Gout is no exception, presenting with simultaneous imbalance among Vata, Rakta, and Agni.As per Ayurvedictherapeutic guidelines, this disease is be to be dealt with through Shaman & Shodhan modalilties. Gout is a prominent metabolic disorder, also featuring in the metabolic syndrome.Though much under rated, AAragwadhaa being mildly laxative/Mridu Virechak, anti-dermatitis/Kandughna, anti-inflammatory /Jwaraharposes a huge potential as anti-Gout agent. These properties have been established by various modern researches aswell.
Economic Recovery: The Role of Business Digitization in Minimizing Unemployment During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Muhammad Ihsaan Rizqulloh
Published: December 2021

Business digitization is the change of communication, interaction, and business functions to digital. In business applications, digitization changes the business processes, functions, and business models applied to digital technology. One of the most successful ways to deal with the digital revolution is business digitization in the 5.0 society era. The concept of society 5.0 is related to the National Economic Recovery, which aims to build a human-centered society where economic development and problem-solving can be achieved. The role of business digitization during the Covid-19 pandemic is very influential on the Indonesian economy, especially for government programs that have used digital systems and supported Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach, using secondary data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency, journals, books, and other sources relevant to the research. Based on the research results, there is a very significant change in business digitization in the era of society 5.0, where digital business is more promising than conventional concepts.
Digital Boundaries and Imaginaries of Khasi Ethnic Identity in Social Media
Authors: Chhetri Rajani K. , Plathottam Fr. (Dr) George
Published: December 2021

Identity is an integral aspect of human cognition and a composite of varied elements and subjectivities; it is fluidic and contextual. Identity discourses have dominated the socio-cultural and political milieu of Northeast India. A range of scholarship emanating from both within the Northeast region and outside has explored several identity dimensions. As the social media site Facebook allows for the formation of different kinds of interactional groups, this study explored a closed private Facebook group of twenty-five thousand members belonging exclusively to the Khasi ethnic community to understand the phenomenon of ascribing Khasi social identity among members in the online group. The study adopts Tajfel’s Social Identity framework and engages in a netnographic study on an online group. The study’s findings reveal a range of key symbolic manifestations in the co- constructions of Khasi identity in the online space. The study also discovers unique possibilities and affordances proliferated by social media in building collectivities, strengthening ethnic ties, and belongingness in the online space.
Shared Space in Distance: A Phenomenological Study on Student Leadership in Virtual Platform
Authors: Friales Wilter C.
Published: December 2021

Campus student leadership in a virtual space refers to the pursuit of student leaders in pursuing leadership through organizing, implementing, and facilitating programs and activities virtually. This study utilized a Qualitative Transcendental Phenomenological approach with two sets of focused group discussions and two in-depth interviews. Four themes (categories) emerged that characterized the essence (structure) of the phenomenon of student leadership in virtual space. The themes include “transition and gains” that discuss their experience of the shift from face-to-face leadership to the virtual platform. The second theme is “Mindfulness and Actions” which describes how their mental attitudes have changed when it comes to making decisions now that they lead virtually. The third one is “Adaptability and Coping” which discusses their experiences on how they adapt to the changes and cope with the challenges. The fourth theme is on “virtual rapport and connection” which explains the roles exemplified by the student leaders in establishing the connections among them in the virtual space. The understanding of student leadership in a virtual space provides input for the institution in intensifying its support and improving the delivery of virtual programs and activities through more effective and efficient leadership of students.
A Critical Review of Concept of Lasika in Ayurved w.s.r. to Interstitial Fluid
Authors: Deshmukh Saylee , Chandaliya Sachin , S Baghel M
Published: December 2021

Ayurveda is a science which was in dynamic continuum of development like all sciences. However due to various geopolitical and social reasons after 5th Century true development of Ayurveda science has stagnated hence few terms and concepts remain unexplained. Therefore a lot of concepts in Ayurved are there which need more understanding from modern physiological point of view. The concept of Lasika is one of them. It is a physiological entity, said to be the seat of Pitta, Mala of Rasa Dhatu and play major role in the pathological conditions like Kushtha, Visarpa, Vrana, Dagdha and most importantly in Prameha. The present article aims at exploration of concept of Lasika in Ayurved and its comparison with interstitial fluid on the basis of its modern physiological resemblance. This also be required to be discussed whether Lasika is Dhatu, Upadhatu or Mala.
Comparative Pharmacognostical Evaluation of Three Market Samples of Kharjura (Phoenix Dactylifera Linn.)
Authors: Dhoke Sujata P , R Harisha C , Shinde Prashant , C Murali Krishna , G Babu
Published: December 2021

Kharjura(Phoenix dactylifera Linn.) fruits (Kharjura) are widely used by the traditional medical practitioners for the treatment of various diseases in their daily practices. According to Ayurvedic principles, the kharjura fruit Phoenix dactylifera Linn.is sweet (Madhura Rasa) in taste and increase moistness of tissues and balance Pitta and Vata Dosha (humours of body).Its fruits are used in various diseases like Kshaya (Malnutrition), Daha (Burning Sensation), Raktapitta (blood disorders), Murchha (Syncope), Trishna (Thirst), Shrama(exhaustion), Jwara (fever), Swasa (respiratory disorders), Kasa (cough), Madatyaya (Alcoholism) etc. Present study highlights pharmacognostical difference between varieties of two fresh fruits of Kharjura and one variety of Dry Kharjura. The results revealed that the fresh Kharjura variety contains presence of groups of stone cell, lignified stone cells layer, mesocarp cells, cells of parenchyma with starch grains, and dry Kharjura variety contain saccharine contents while silica deposition, starch grains, vascular bundle after stain with xylem.
University Students Who Overcame Learned Helplessness: What Helped or Hindered?
Authors: Hayes Syler , Doucet Daniele , Bedi Robinder P.
Published: December 2021

Learned helplessness in an academic environment often affects educational performance and mental health in adverse ways (Ciarrochi et al., 2007; Hu et al., 2015). Using a modified version of the Enhanced Critical Incident Technique, this study aimed to develop a better understanding of what helps or hinders university students in overcoming learned helplessness. Analysis generated 14 categories of helping incidents and seven categories of hindering incidents, most of which were consistent with previous research. This study identified the category Being in the Spotlight, which had not been noted at all in past research. Examination of the results contributes information about reported interactions between hindering incidents and the importance of autonomy in overcoming learned helplessness, topics neglected or understudied in past research on learned helplessness in university students. Overall, the results of this study provide additional direction for counsellors working with university students who experience learned helplessness and highlight the need for further research to understand in more detail the helping and hindering factors outlined in this study.
How Wearing a Social Justice Lens Can Support You, Your Clients, and the Larger Community: An Intersectionality Workshop With a Twist
Authors: Jay Melissa , Brown Jason
Published: December 2021

Counsellors may not comprehend fully the impact of their blind spots as a result of unconscious cultural encapsulation. The authors propose a self-reflective method by which counsellors can self-examine their assumptions about diversity and intersectionality. They invite readers to engage with the contents of this article to identify their blind spots, biases, and assumptions through self-reflective exercises. This article summarizes an intersectionality workshop with a twist that was offered by Melissa Jay, Jason Brown, and Rebecca Ward at the 2019 conference of the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association. The intention of the workshop was (a) to raise consciousness about systemic oppression, (b) to explore Collins’s (2018c) culturally responsive and socially just case conceptualization as the framework for the workshop, (c) to bring client intersectionality to life using four vignettes they created, (d) to reflect on client intersectionality and cultural identity, and (e) to propose a method by which counsellors can self-examine their assumptions about diversity and intersectionality, leading to more culturally competent counselling.
Intergenerational Trauma: A Scoping Review of Cross-Cultural Applications from 1999 to 2019
Authors: Chou Fred , Buchanan Marla J.
Published: December 2021

It has been over 20 years since the publication of Danieli’s (1998) International Handbook of Multigenerational Legacies of Trauma, a seminal cross-cultural compilation examining the generational effects of mass trauma and intergenerational trauma (IGT). In the years since this book appeared, research on IGT has continued to be applied to many cultural groups, including those who have survived the Indian Residential Schools, the Khmer Rouge regime, or the Rwandan genocide. Previous reviews of IGT research have focused mainly on survivors of the Holocaust, which limits the cross-cultural application of this field of study. The purpose of this article is to provide a scoping review of scholarship published between 1999 and 2019 that aims to understand how IGT has been studied in cross-cultural applications. Overall, 29 articles were identified and reviewed. In light of the fact that cross-cultural perspectives on IGT are still emerging (Sirikantraporn & Green, 2016), the methodology and the cultural considerations described in this review can inform future cross-cultural IGT research.
THE COMPARATIVE STUDY TO DETECT RENAL & URINARY TRACT CALCULI (NEPHROLITHIASIS AND UROLITHIASIS) ON ULTRASOUND AND CT.
Authors: Pracha Mahnoor , Fatima Amtullah , Alakozai Najeebullah , Alakozai Azizullah , Aslam Taiba , Shams Rana , Babar Amna , Rizwan Hafiz
Published: December 2021

Background: Ultrasound is a non-invasive imaging modality, and it is cost effective while CT in invasive that uses ionizing radiations, yet it is difficult on ultrasound to diagnose calculi in ureter hence for evaluation of ureteric calculi CT scan is gold standard modality.

Objective: To compare the detection of renal& urinary tract calculi (nephrolithiasis & urolithiasis) on ultrasound and CT.

Material and methods: The data bases PubMed, ProQuest, and Google scholar and research gate were searched with the key words: nephrolithiasis on ultrasound and CT, sensitivity, specificity, from 2010 to 2021. For inclusion and exclusion of studies independently screened the titles and abstracts of full and related articles. Articles that had information about nephrolithiasis, urolithiasis at ultrasound and CT and its sensitivity and specificity were included.

Results:  In total, 28 studies were found on renal & urinary tract calculi at ultrasound and computed tomography. This literature review demonstrates that computed tomography is characterized by high sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing renal, ureteric calculi while ultrasound has low sensitivity and specificity.

Conclusions: Ultrasound is the best modality for imaging calculi within the kidney, a well hyper echoic mass with posterior acoustic shadow is identified as stone on gray scale, color Doppler can be used for demarcation of stone. At Color Doppler twinkling artifact appears around the calculi hence it can be differentiated by hyper echoic renal sinuses but this is crucially dependant on the size and anatomical position of the stone. The ultrasonic evaluation either overestimates or misinterprets the calculi size while CT gives an exact measurement, position with authentic sensitivity and specificity. Hence, CT is the gold standard for detection of renal calculi.

Recommendation: Ultrasound is a non-invasive imaging modality and it is cost effective while CT in invasive that uses ionizing radiations, yet it is difficult on ultrasound to diagnose calculi in ureter hence for evaluation of ureteric calculi CT scan is gold standard modality.
COMPARISON OF EFFICACY OF COMBINATION OF METFORMIN PLUS MODIFIED-RELEASE GLICLAZIDE WITH COMBINATION OF METFORMIN PLUS SITAGLIPTIN IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE-2 DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Khan Atta , Nowsherwan Nowsherwan , Abbass Muhammad , Ali Amjad , Afridi Hussain , Gul Wali , Zaib Shah
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality around the world and is responsible for 3.8 million deaths per year. Its prevalence had shown an exponential rise worldwide in the last two decades, from 30 million cases in 1985 to 177 million in 2000

Objective: To compare the efficacy of the combination of Metformin plus modified-release Gliclazide with a variety of Metformin plus Sitagliptin in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus.

Methodology: This study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar. The study design was a randomized controlled trial conducted for one year from May 2017 to May 2018, in which 62 patients in each group were observed. All patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with baseline HbA1c ≥ 8% and duration >1 year, either gender with age range 35 to 65 years, were included. All patients were subjected to detailed history and clinical examinations. All patients were randomly allocated in two groups by lottery method. Patients in Group A were subjected to the combination of Metformin (1gm twice daily) with modified-release Gliclazide (60mg), and patients in Group B were subjected to the variety of Metformin (1 gm twice daily) with Sitagliptin (50 mg twice daily). All patients were followed up after three months, and blood samples for HbA1c levels were obtained. The analysis was done in SPSS version 20.

Results: The Study showed that the mean age in Group A was 58 years ± 12.78, and the mean age in Group B was 55 years ± 13.12. In Group A, 44% of patients were male, and 56% of patients were female, while in Group B, 45% of patients were male, and 55% of patients were female. Moreover, Group A (Metformin (1gm twice daily) + Gliclazide (60mg)  was effective in 45% of patients while Group B Metformin (1 gm twice daily) + Sitagliptin (50 mg twice daily) was effective in 71% of patients.

Conclusion: Our study concludes that Metformin plus Sitagliptin is more effective than Metformin plus modified-release Gliclazide.
Cooperative learning: on the issue of national and international application experience
Authors:   Omsk State Pedagogical University. Russian Federation, DEREVIANCHENKO Elena A. , MARTYNOVA Yulia V. ,   Omsk State Pedagogical University. Russian Federation, MESHCHERIAKOVA Larisa V. ,   Omsk State Pedagogical University. Russian Federation, TEBENKOVA Natalia G. ,   Omsk State Pedagogical University. Russian Federation
Published: December 2021

The article presents a comparative analysis of the method of collective mutual learning and the Singapore educational technology. Organizational, methodological and technological features of learning in replaceable pairs are considered. Examples of horizontal and vertical methods of interaction between students are given. An analysis of Singapore EdTech has been made which has a set of structures that make it possible to organize the classroom in a different way. In the conclusion it is proved that both presented methods with different intensities can be integrated into the traditional teaching system, bringing into it a different structure of interpersonal communication of participants in foreign language classes.
Un análisis exploratorio sobre la felicidad de los estudiantes de la Universidad de Sevilla (España) antes y durante la pandemia de la Covid-19
Authors:   Universidad de Sevilla, Spain, IBAÑEZ Elena , GARCIA DEL JUNCO Julio
Published: December 2021

Con la precipitada llegada de la pandemia mundial provocada por la Covid-19 y los escasos estudios sobre su impacto la felicidad, hemos realizado un análisis exploratorio mediante un estudio longitudinal (antes y durante Covid-19) sobre una muestra de 85 y 94 estudiantes respectivamente del Grado de Marketing de la Universidad de Sevilla. Los objetivos del mismo serán profundizar en los perfiles profesiográficos de los estudiantes relacionados con la felicidad y comparar sus respuestas.
KIRŞEHİR GENÇLİK VE SPOR MÜDÜRLÜĞÜNDE ÇEŞİTLİ POZİSYONLARDA ÇALIŞANLARIN ÖZ LİDERLİK VE OTORİTER ÖZELLİKLERİNİN ÇEŞİTLİ DEĞİŞKENLERE GÖRE İNCELENMESİ
Authors: KAYA Bayram , KARAKAYA Mustafa
Published: December 2021

Kavramsal açıdan “liderlik ve grup içi ilişkiler” konusu, sosyal bilimler literatüründe çok defa işlenmiş, bir çok çalışmaya dayanak noktası olmuştur. Liderlik, grup içi iletişimin tesis edilmesi, etkileşimin sağlıklı bir şekilde sürdürülmesi konularında son derece önem arz eden bir terimdir. Liderlik üzerine yapılan araştırmalarda liderin; üretici, farklı bakış açılara sahip, bireyleri motive eden, katılımcı ruha sahip kişilerdir. Bu araştırmada Kırşehir Gençlik ve Spor Müdürlüğü’nde değişik pozisyonlarda çalışanların liderlik ve otoriter özelliklerinin çeşitli değişkenlere göre incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın evreni Kırşehir Gençlik ve Spor Müdürlüğü’nde değişik pozisyonlarda çalışanlar oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu ise bu kurumda eğitmen, amir, müdür pozisyonlarında çalışan 107 kişiden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada betimsel tarama yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada Tabak ve ark.(2013) tarafından geliştirilen liderlik ve otorite ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Katılımcılara uygulanan ölçeğe; aritmetik ortalama, frekans, yüzde, standart sapma, ikili değişkenlerde bağımsız örneklem t testi, çoklu değişkenlerde tek yönlü varyans analizi uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda; Katılımcıların öz liderlik düzeylerinin yüksek düzeyde olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Katılımcıların otorite tercihlerinde 2,97 ortalaması ile karasız oldukları görülmektedir. Cinsiyet, yaşı, medeni durum, bulundukları pozisyonlar ve gelir durumu, değişkenleri katılımcıların liderlik ve otorite özelliklerini ortaya çıkaran özelliklerin olmadığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
Social Cohesion Strengthens Social Ties among University Students in Malaysia
Authors: Kamri Khairol Anuar , Hamid Aizathul Hani Abd , Zan Ummi Munirah Syuhada Mohamad , Abdullah Azlina , Jalil Faridah , Noor Mansor Mohd
Published: December 2021

The pattern of ethnic relations and religion among university students is always the focus of understanding Malaysian unity and ethnic relation. This study explores the study of unity by recalling the concept of solidarity put forward by Durkheim. Unity as the main concept needs to be reinterpreted by studying the social realities and social history in Malaysia. Unity happens in the long life of harmony since the 1969 ethnic riots until now, but Malaysia still faces social tensions and fights between ethnic and religious in society. Unity is still considered fragile and just a dream. The concept of social cohesion is expressed as a social phenomenon that needs to be studied as the atmosphere is harmonious but colored with social tension. The multi-culture of Malaysian come from its relationship with east civilization before pre-colonial and the British colonization. The differences between ethnicity and religion in social order cause tension and conflict among the groups. Yet development in the last four decades has changed the social landscape where multi-ethnic societies have turned into a socially diverse society. University students are targeted as respondents in understanding the concepts and patterns of social cohesion among them. Studies show that social cohesion among students is developed. The dimension and item analysis show that there are ethnic and religious differences, but the differences are relatively small. It is suggested that follow-up studies in identifying the form and understanding of the relationship of social cohesion on campus should be conducted through qualitative and ethnographic research design in obtaining data to strengthen ethnic relations in the university. Input from this follow-up study finding will strengthen social cohesion among students that can help governance and university development is well managed by identifying the social gap.
Experimental Study on Properties of Concrete Using Shredded Plastic Waste and M-Sand as Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate
Authors: Vaardini U Sindhu , Soundarya M Pon
Published: December 2021

Disposal of large quantity of plastic causes land, water, and air pollution etc.., so a study is conducted to recycle the plastic in concrete. This work investigates about the replacement of natural aggregate with non-biodegradable plastic aggregate made up of mixed shredded plastic waste in concrete. Several tests are conducted such as compressive strength of cube, compressive strength of cylinder, flexural strength test of prism to identify the properties and behavior of concrete using shredded plastic aggregate. Replacement of fine aggregate weight by 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% with shredded plastic fine (PF) aggregate and manufactured sand (M-Sand). Totally 30 cubes, 30 cylinders and 30 prisms are casted to identify the compressive strength, cylindrical compressive strength, and flexural strength respectively. Casted specimens are tested at 7, 14 and 28 days. The identified results from concrete using shredded plastic aggregate are compared with conventional concrete. Result shows that initially there is increase in mechanical properties then there is reduction in mechanical properties due to addition of shredded plastic aggregate added concrete. This reduction in strength is mainly due to poor bond strength between cement and shredded plastic aggregate.
Sugar sorghum as a sugar-bearing and alternative source of bioenergy (review)
Authors: Kameneva Olga , Kibalnik Oksana , Efremova Irina , Semin Dmitry , Kalinin Yuri
Published: December 2021

The ability of sugar sorghum plants to accumulate 18-24% of water-soluble sugars in the juice of stems expands the potential of the crop as a raw material for the production of not only feed (green feed, silage), but also in various areas of the processing industry for food (glucose-fructose syrup, sorghum honey) and technical purposes (bioethanol, biofuels). The brief review presents data on the origin; biological features of sorghum; on the fractional composition of water-soluble sugars; on global trends in the use of renewable energy sources. The advantage of growing Sorghum saccharatum as a sugar carrier in regions with insufficient moisture is reflected. Keywords: SUGAR SORGHUM, WATER-SOLUBLE SUGARS, FRUCTOSE, GLUCOSE, SUCROSE, SUGAR SYRUP, BIOETHANOL, BIOFUEL