bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sanctuary Status on Diversity and Production of Fish and Shellfish in Sunamganj Dekar Haor of Bangladesh
Authors: Islam MS , Hossain Afzal
Published: April 2020

To ascertain the sanctuary status on diversity and production of fishes data were collected through primary and secondary sources. A total of 64 species belonged to 48 genera including fish (57), freshwater prawns (2), crabs (1) and mollusks (4) were recorded. Of 57 fish species, 52 were indigenous and rest 5 exotic, which belonged to 9 orders and 24 families. Cypriniformes was the most dominant order with 33.33% of total fishes followed by Perciformes (24.56%), Siluriformes (22.81%), Channiformes (7.03%) and both Osteoglossiformes and Clupeiformes (3.51%). Rest orders showed comparatively less percentage. Cyprinidae occupied the highest position (29.82%) in fish population among recorded families. By percent contribution small indigenous species showed the highest contribution (38.86%) with the highest amount (1936.50 kg/ha) in total fish production than other groups. Average fish production in sanctuaries obtained as 4983.60 kg/ha, which is manifolds higher than haor fish production (408 kg/ha) in Bangladesh. Fifteen (15) fish species were found as threatened and categorized them into critically endangered (1), endangered (8) and vulnerable (6). Results of the study reveal that sanctuary has positive impact on diversity and production of fishes in the haor. Therefore, it may be concluded that restoration of threatened species, diversity of flora and fauna, and overall fish production may be increased in wetlands by establishing sanctuary.

Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 45(2): 175-186, December 2019
Histopathology and Molecular Characterization of Microsporidian Parasites in Cultured Shrimp Penaeus Monodon Fabricius 1798 of Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Md Munjur , Punom Nusrat Jahan , Eshik Md Mostavi Enan , Begum Mst Khadiza , Bhuiyan Md Aminul Islam , Rahman Mohammad Shamsur
Published: April 2020

Black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon Fabricius 1798) cultured in Bangladesh was investigated for the presence of microsporidian parasite. Histological section of hepatopancreas showed a large number of microsporidian spores under light microscopy. Spores under scanning electron microscope appeared oval shapes. Histology of infected shrimps showed severe degeneration of hepatopancreatic tubules. Early and late stage of microsporidian parasites in hepatopancreatic tubules were also observed. DNA extracted from the hepatopancreas of shrimps were subjected to PCR amplification using primers targeting microsporidian SSU rRNA gene. The PCR amplified an expected product of ~328 bp and the sequences showed 81 - 82% identity with the Paranucleospora theridion reported from western Norway in 2008. Further screening of field samples was carried out using EHP-specific primers. DNA extracted from ten hepatopancreas samples of P. monodon were tested and none found to be positive for EHP (Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei). This is the first report for the identification of microsporidian parasites in cultured shrimp along the south-west region of Bangladesh.

Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 45(2): 187-196, December 2019
Growth and Nutrient Composition of Indian Spinach Grown in Saline Soil Using Treated Water
Authors: Yasmin Farzana , Khanom Sayma , Hossain Shahid Akhtar
Published: April 2020

A field experiment was conducted in Batiaghata Upazila of Khulna district to evaluate the growth and nutrient composition on Indian spinach by irrigating with different water sources. Water that has been used as treatment are saline- and treated water (water from a project called Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR)). A field condition was also included (control). As per consumption pattern of Indian spinach, leaf and stem are mixed together. All the growth parameters of the crop were significantly improved for treated water except for the plant height. Carbohydrate, protein, fat, total dietary fiber (TDF) and energy increased (1.06, 2.76, 0.15, 3.21 g/100 g and 23.09 Kcal/100 g) with treated water than the control and saline water while ash content (2.04 g/100 g) decreased than saline water. pH, EC, Na, K, S, Fe and Mg of the soil decreased markedly by applying treated water and other nutrients present in soil also varied. From the study, it is revealed that the best alternate source of water for irrigation is MAR water which can improve plant nutrient content and uptake and soil nutrient status.

Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 45(2): 197-207, December 2019
Hydrogeochemical Properties Providing Links to Methanogenesis in Deep Aquifer of Bhola Island, Bangladesh
Authors: Chowdhury Masuma , Sultana Sarmin , Islam Md Atikul , Hasan Aziz , Ahmed Kazi Matin Uddin
Published: April 2020

This paper compares the hydrogeochemical signatures between naturally flowing wells with methane (FWs) and non-flowing wells (require pumping) without methane (NFWs) by analyzing a total of 59 groundwater samples to find possible links for methane gas generation. Relatively higher concentration of HCO3 ⁻ indicates oxidation of organic matter (OM) for both the cases which is corroborated by the dominance of Na-Mg-HCO3 and Na- Mg-HCO3-Cl water type. Low concentrations of redox sensitive parameters i.e., NO3 ⁻, SO4 2⁻, Fe2+ and Mn2+ are indicating prevalence of extremely reducing condition and relatively lower concentrations of SO₄²⁻ in FWs suggest microbial sulphate reduction reaching final stage of redox ladder i.e., methanogenesis. Comparatively higher temperature and subsequent higher electrical conductivity (EC) in FWs possibly attributed by the chemical reactions of methane generation or vice versa. Low geothermal gradient, presence of OM and distribution of the FWs over a paleo valley in the deep confined aquifer zone refer to the existence of favourable environment for biogenic methane production rather than the upward migration or leakage of thermogenic gas from the reservoir below.

Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 45(2): 217-228, December 2019
A Comparative Study on the Selected Parameters of Water Quality of Dhanmondi, Ramna and Hatirjheel Lakes in Dhaka City
Authors: Parvin Mahmuda , Muzahed Mafia , Majumder Ahmad Kamruzzaman
Published: April 2020

Abstract Not Available

Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 45(2): 261-265, December 2019
Knowledge and Awareness of Metabolic Inborn Errors among Male and Female Students at King Abdulaziz University – Rabigh.
Authors: Alqrache Abdulraof
Published: April 2020

Context: Inborn errors of metabolism are a large group of rare genetic diseases. The incidence of inborn metabolic errors, collectively, as high as 1 in 2500 live births, but it varies greatly and depends on the population. Presentation is usually in the neonatal period or infancy but can occur at any time. Diagnosis does not require extensive knowledge of biochemical pathways or individual metabolic diseases. Aims: To assess the students’ knowledge about IEM and to plan future improvement in the curriculum if needed and to plan and organize awareness campaigns. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 undergraduate medical and non-medical students. Methods and Material: The study included 400 medical and non-medical students (including 202 males & 198 females) from the Rabigh campus. The questionnaire was constructed and translated into Arabic. The frequencies of different categories were evaluated for their statistical significance. Results: Among male students, trivial differences were observed between the answers of medical and non-medical students, both groups agreed on the fact that metabolic disorders can be caused by an enzyme deficiency. However, 36% of medical students and 43% of non-medical students did not know that metabolic disorders can be diagnosed prenatally. As regards the female students, 43% of non-medical students accepted that diagnosis usually needs invasive procedures, while 43 % of medical students refused that concept. On comparison of male and female students, 50 % of male students had no idea of the usefulness of gene therapy as a tool for management, yet 43 % of females agreed on the importance of gene therapy. Conclusion: More efforts should be exerted to raise the level of awareness and improve the knowledge among both medical and non-medical students and the community in Saudi Arabia by increasing the taught material regarding genetic diseases in universities and even introduce it in school.
A cost-minimization analysis of a preventive testing strategy for relatives of patients with BRCA mutated ovarian cancer
Authors: Di Brino Eugenio , Ruggeri Matteo , Boccia Stefania , Cerana Nicoletta , Lorusso Domenica , Sacchini Dario , Savarese Antonella , Varesco Liliana , Cicchetti Americo
Published: April 2020

Purpose: This study aims to estimate the cost-minimization strategy of a preventive testing strategy destined to relatives of patients with BRCA mutated cancer versus a no test strategy in Italia.
Methods: A BRCA testing pathway was designed by a panel of experts based on the MSTM Excel (2010) tool; the analysis was carried out considering the perspective of the Italian National Health Service. Two alternatives were considered: 1) preventive BRCA testing for relatives of patients affected by ovarian cancer carrying a BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation; 2) no test. Cost and effectiveness data, derived from literature and published sources validated by a Board of experts, were discounted using a discount factor equal to 3%. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis was performed.
Results: Considering an average cost of therapy for breast and ovarian cancer major of €90,000.00 per case, the economic impact related to the preventive testing strategy are equal to –€17,814,767.25. The sensitivity analysis confirms these results in the totality of the simulations performed.
Conclusions: Preventive genetic testing in relatives of patients affected by ovarian cancer is cost-effective and represents a sustainable cost for the National Healthcare System in Italia, also in the light of its reference values.
Globalization and the Cultural/Creative Industries: An Assessment of Nigeria’s Position in the Global Space
Authors: Temitope Falade
Published: April 2020

This study provides an assessment of globalization and its impact on top performing creative industries in Nigeria. The prospects and contributions of the Nigerian film, music and fashion industries to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) were highlighted in a bid to position Nigeria in the global creative space. The study adopted cognitive capitalism as its theoretical framework, and the role of culture as the major product of cognitive capitalism was explored as solutions for developing the Nigerian creative space. Empirical studies by leading research organizations and relevant agencies focused on analyzing the contributions of different sectors of the economy to national growth were reviewed. A review of secondary data indicates that the contributions of Nigeria’s creative industries to the global scale is on the rise. Factors that determine Nigeria’s role were obtained from secondary sources and were used to form the basis for the conclusions drawn by the study.
Corruption: A Case Study for Economic Psychopathology
Authors: Abderrezak Iddir
Published: April 2020

Economic crime, social abuse, dilapidation of public funds, vices, perverse behavior, deviant behavior, etc., are among the qualifiers borrowed from criminology and economic psychopathology to describe the phenomenon of corruption.

Corruption, because of its extent and its multidimensional form, has become a global phenomenon. The degree of corruption is now the barometer of the political and economic health of a country. The effects of corruption on the economy, on development and on society are disastrous and seriously threaten the stability of the social system.

Beyond its economic aspect, corruption touches practically all spheres of social life. Consequently, like economics, other disciplinary fields (economic psychology, sociology, anthropology, legal sciences, etc.) are dedicated to the study of corruption.

My article aims to explain the phenomenon of corruption from the point of view of economic psychology, a relatively recent scientific field, since the consequences of corruption are not only economic but also psycho-sociological. Values such as merit, fairness, justice, transparency and honesty are being flouted.
Exploratory Behavior and Recognition Memory in Medial Septal Electrolytic, Neuro- and Immunotoxic Lesioned Rats
Authors: DASHNIANI M. G. , BURJANADZE M. A. , NANEISHVILI T. L. , CHKHIKVISHVILI N. C. , BESELIA G. V. , KRUASHVILI L. B. , POCHKHIDZE N. O. , CHIGHLADZE M. R.
Published: April 2020

In the present study, the effect of the medial septal (MS) lesions on exploratory activity in the open field and the spatial and object recognition memory has been investigated. This experiment compares three types of MS lesions: electrolytic lesions that destroy cells and fibers of passage, neurotoxic – ibotenic acid lesions that spare fibers of passage but predominantly affect the septal noncholinergic neurons, and immunotoxin – 192 IgG-saporin infusions that only eliminate cholinergic neurons. The main results are: the MS electrolytic lesioned rats were impaired in habituating to the environment in the repeated spatial environment, but rats with immuno- or neurotoxic lesions of the MS did not differ from control ones; the MS electrolytic and ibotenic acid lesioned rats showed an increase in their exploratory activity to the objects and were impaired in habituating to the objects in the repeated spatial environment; rats with immunolesions of the MS did not differ from control rats; electrolytic lesions of the MS disrupt spatial recognition memory; rats with immuno- or neurotoxic lesions of the MS were normal in detecting spatial novelty; all of the MS-lesioned and control rats clearly reacted to the object novelty by exploring the new object more than familiar ones. Results observed across lesion techniques indicate that: (i) the deficits after nonselective damage of MS are limited to a subset of cognitive processes dependent on the hippocampus, (ii) MS is substantial for spatial, but not for object recognition memory – the object recognition memory can be supported outside the septohippocampal system; (iii) the selective loss of septohippocampal cholinergic or noncholinergic projections does not disrupt the function of the hippocampus to a sufficient extent to impair spatial recognition memory; (iv) there is dissociation between the two major components (cholinergic and noncholinergic) of the septohippocampal pathway in exploratory behavior assessed in the open field – the memory exhibited by decrements in exploration of repeated object presentations is affected by either electrolytic or ibotenic lesions, but not saporin.
The VO2-on Kinetics in Constant Load Exercise Sub-Anaerobic Threshold Reflects Endothelial Function and Dysfunction in Muscle Microcirculation
Authors: MAIONE D. , CICERO A. F. G. , BACCHELLI S. , COSENTINO E. R. , DEGLI ESPOSTI D. , MANNERS D. N. , RINALDI E. R. , ROSTICCI M. , SENALDI R. , AMBROSIONI E. , BORGHI C.
Published: April 2020

To propose a test to evaluate endothelial function, based on VO2 on-transition kinetics in sub-anaerobic threshold (AT) constant load exercise, we tested healthy subjects and patients with ischemic-hypertensive cardiopathy by two cardiopulmonary tests on a cycle ergometer endowed with an electric motor to overcome initial inertia: a pre-test and, after at least 24 h, one 6 min constant load exercise at 90 % AT. We measured net phase 3 VO2-on kinetics and, by phase 2 time constant (τ), valued endothelial dysfunction. We found shorter τ in repeated tests, shorter time between first and second test, by persisting endothelium-dependent arteriolar vasodilatation and/or several other mechanisms. Reducing load to 80 % and 90 % AT did not produce significant changes in τ of healthy volunteers, while in heart patients an AT load of 70 %, compared to 80 % AT, shortened τ (=4.38±1.65 s, p=0.013). In heart patients, no correlation was found between NYHA class, ejection fraction (EF), and the two variables derived from incremental cycle cardio-pulmonary exercise, as well as between EF and τ; while NYHA class groups were well correlated with τ duration (r=0.92, p=0.0001). Doxazosin and tadalafil also significantly reduced τ. In conclusion, the O2 consumption kinetics during the on-transition of constant load exercise below the anaerobic threshold are highly sensitive to endothelial function in muscular microcirculation, and constitute a marker for the evaluation of endothelial dysfunction.
Endogenous LPS Alters Liver GH/IGF System Gene Expression and Plasma Lipoprotein Lipase in Goats
Authors: XIE Z. L. , YE P. S. , ZHANG S. K. , ZHANG Y. S. , SHEN X. Z.
Published: April 2020

Endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) affects the ruminant health and animal performance. The main purposes of this study were to investigate the potential effects of GH/IGF system and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) concentration on resistance the circulating LPS concentration increased in liver with high concentrate diet treatment. Non-lactating goats were randomly allocated to two groups: a high-concentrate diet (HCD) or a low-concentrate diet (LCD) in cross over design and the blood collection at different time points after feeding at the end of the experiment. The average rumen pH was significantly reduced (P<0.05), but the duration with pH was not more than 120 min in the HCD group. The plasma LPL concentration was significantly raised (P<0.05). However, from 2 h onwards, LPS concentration was significantly reduced (P<0.01) in the HCD group compared with LCD group. In addition, the plasma IGF1 concentration and the hepatic insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) mRNA expression were markedly reduced (P<0.05). However, growth hormone (GH) secretion at 15, 30, and 45 min after feeding and growth hormone receptor (GHR) mRNA expression in the liver was significantly increased (P<0.05) in HCD group. The correlation analysis showed that the plasma LPL concentration was positively correlated with hepatic GHR mRNA expression (P<0.05). Conversely, the plasma LPS concentration was negatively correlated with LPL concentration (P<0.05). These findings reveal that alterations in GH/IGF system function in response to a high-concentrate diet are accompanied by corresponding changes in systemic LPL in non-lactating goats’ liver in presence of endogenous LPS stress.
Effect of Homocysteine on Survival of Human Glial Cells
Authors: ŠKOVIEROVÁ H. , MAHMOOD S. , BLAHOVCOVÁ E. , HATOK J. , LEHOTSKÝ J. , MURÍN R.
Published: April 2020

Several neurodegenerative conditions, such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease, or vascular dementia and cognitive impairment, are associated with mild hyperhomocysteinemia. Hyperhomocysteinemia is defined as an increase of the homocysteine (Hcy) level beyond 10 μM. Although the adverse effect of Hcy on neurons is well documented, knowledge about the impact of this amino acid on glial cells is missing. Therefore, with the aim to evaluate the neurotoxic properties of Hcy on glial cells, we used a glioblastoma cell line as a study model. The viability of cells was assayed biochemically and cytologically. At a concentration around 50 μM in the culture medium D,L-Hcy induced cell death. It is noteworthy that Hcy induces cell death of human glial cells at concentrations encountered during mild hyperhomocysteinemia. Therefore, we propose that Hcy-induced impairment of neuronal functions along with damage of glial cells may contribute to the etiopathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases associated with hyperhomocysteinemia.
Is Ionized Oxygen Negatively or Positively Charged More Effective for Carboxyhemoglobin Reduction Compare to Medical Oxygen at Atmospheric Pressure?
Authors: PEREČINSKÝ S. , KRON I. , ENGLER I. , MURÍNOVÁ L. , DONIČ V. , VARGA M. , MAROSSY A. , LEGÁTH Ľ.
Published: April 2020

Carbon monoxide (CO) reversibly binds to hemoglobin forming carboxyhemoglobin (COHb). CO competes with O2 for binding place in hemoglobin leading to tissue hypoxia. Already 30 % saturation of COHb can be deadly. Medical oxygen at atmospheric pressure as a therapy is not enough effective. Therefore hyperbaric oxygen O2 inhalation is recommended. There was a question if partially ionized oxygen can be a better treatment at atmospheric pressure. In present study we evaluated effect of partially ionized oxygen produced by device Oxygen Ion 3000 by Dr. Engler in elimination of COHb in vitro experiments and in smokers. Diluted blood with different content of CO was purged with 5 l/min of either medicinal oxygen O2, negatively ionized O2 or positively ionized O2 for 15 min, then the COHb content was checked. In vivo study, 15 smokers inhaled of either medicinal oxygen O2 or negatively ionized O2, than we compared CO levels in expired air before and after inhalation. In both studies we found the highest elimination of CO when we used negatively ionized O2. These results confirmed the benefit of short inhalation of negatively ionized O2, in frame of Ionized Oxygen Therapy (IO2Th/Engler) which could be used in smokers for decreasing of COHb in blood.
The MicroRNA-23a Has Limited Roles in Bone Formation and Homeostasis In Vivo
Authors: PARK J. , WADA S. , USHIDA T. , AKIMOTO T.
Published: April 2020

(miRNAs) inhibit bone formation by inhibiting the translation of specific genes. Several in vitro studies have suggested that miR-23a inhibits osteogenic differentiation by suppressing the translation of Runx2, a transcription factor essential for osteoblastogenesis, and of Satb2, a member of the special AT rich binding protein family. In the present study, we used a gain-of-function approach to determine the roles of miR-23a in bone formation and homeostasis in vivo. The miR-23a transgenic (Tg) mice grew normally and their body size and weight were similar to those of wild-type (WT) littermates. Bone structure and morphology were similar in Tg and WT mice. Furthermore, the numbers of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, as well as their activities in bone were similar between Tg and WT mice. Our results indicate that miR-23 has limited roles in bone formation and maintenance in vivo in mice.
Changes in the Composition of Fatty Acids and Lipofuscin-Like Pigments During Development of Rat Heart
Authors: WILHELM J. , IVICA J. , VESELSKÁ Z. , UHLÍK J. , VAJNER L.
Published: April 2020

Postnatal heart development is characterized by critical periods of heart remodeling. In order to characterize the changes in the lipophilic fraction induced by free radicals, fatty acids and their oxidized products, lipofuscin-like pigments (LFP), were investigated. Fatty acids were analyzed by gas chromatography and LFP were studied by fluorescence techniques. A fluorophore characterized by spectral methods was further resolved by HPLC. Major changes in the composition of fatty acids occurred immediately after birth and then during maturation. Fluorescence of LFP changed markedly on postnatal days 1, 4, 8, and 14, and differed from the adult animals. LFP comprise several fluorophores that were present since fetal state till adulthood. No new major fluorophores were formed during development, just the abundances of individual fluorophores have been modulated which produced changes in the shape of the spectral arrays. HPLC resolved the fluorophore with excitation maximum at 360 nm and emission maximum at 410 nm. New chromatographically distinct species appeared immediately on postnatal day 1, and then on days 30 and 60. Consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids immediately after birth and subsequent formation of LFP suggests that oxidative stress is involved in normal heart development.
Role of NO/cGMP Signaling Pathway in Cardiac Ischemic Tolerance of Chronically Hypoxic Rats
Authors: ALÁNOVÁ P. , KOLÁŘ F. , OŠŤÁDAL B. , NECKÁŘ J.
Published: April 2020

It has been suggested that increase in acute nitric oxide (NO) or cyclic guanosine monophosphate production may be involved in cardioprotection induced by chronic hypoxia (CH). We studied the effect of NO donor molsidomine and phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor sildenafil on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats adapted to CH. Male Wistar rats were exposed to continuous hypoxia in a normobaric chamber (10 % O2, 4 weeks). Rats received either saline, molsidomine (10 mg/kg body weight, i.v.) or sildenafil (0.7 mg/kg body weight, i.v.) 30 min before ischemia. Control rats were kept under normoxia and treated in a corresponding manner. Adaptation to CH increased the myocardial ischemic tolerance. Acute treatment with either molsidomine or sildenafil significantly reduced infarct size in normoxic rats and further enhanced cardioprotection induced by CH. However, the cardioprotective effect of CH on I/R injury was not additive to the cardioprotection provided by the drugs.
Slow Breathing Training Reduces Resting Blood Pressure and the Pressure Responses to Exercise
Authors: JONES C. U. , SANGTHONG B. , PACHIRAT O. , JONES D. A.
Published: April 2020

Slow breathing training reduces resting blood pressure, probably by modifying central autonomic control, but evidence for this is lacking. The pressor response to static handgrip exercise is a measure of autonomic control and the aim of this study was to determine whether slow breathing training modulates the pressor responses to exercise of untrained muscles. Twenty hypertensive patients trained for 8 weeks, 10 with unloaded slow breathing (Unloaded) and 10 breathing against an inspiratory load of 20 cm H2O (Loaded). Ten subjects were untrained controls. Subjects performed a 2 min handgrip pressor test (30 % MVC) pre- and post-training, and blood pressure and heart rate (HR) were measured before the contraction, at the end and following 2 min recovery. Resting systolic (sBP) and HR were reduced as a result of training, as reported previously. After training there was both a smaller pressor response to hand grip exercise and a more rapid recovery of sBP and HR compared to pre-training. There were no changes in the Controls and no differences between the Unloaded and Loaded groups. Combining the two training groups, the sBP response to handgrip exercise after training was reduced by 10 mm Hg (95 % CI: −7, −13) and HR by 5 bpm (95 % CI: −4, −6), all p<0.05. These results are consistent with slow breathing training modifying central mechanisms regulating cardiovascular function.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR TINGKAT TINGGI SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR MELALUI PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING
Authors: Fauziah Ully , Fitria Yanti
Published: April 2020

Era revolusi industri 4.0 menuntut siswa untuk dapat berpikir tingkat tinggi dalam memecahkan masalah sehari-hari. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi siswa sekolah dasar menggunakan problem based learning. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan pada siswa kelas V SDN 05 Birugo sebanyak 30 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa skor rata-rata kemampuan awal siswa yaitu 45,00 dengan persentase ketuntasan 35%, pada siklus 1 mendapatkan skor rata-rata yaitu 68,00 dengan persentase ketuntasan 70% dan pada siklus 2 mendapatkan skor rata-rata 78,00 dengan persentase ketuntasan 80%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya peningkatan kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi siswa sekolah dasar menggunakan problem based learning. Implikasi penelitian ini dapat dijadikan acuan dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi siswa sekolah dasar
PENGARUH MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS V SD
Authors: Rini Dwi Setyo
Published: April 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh penerapan antara model PBL dan model DL terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah Matematika peserta didik kelas V SD. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kelas V SDN Ledok 02 Salatiga sebagai kelas eksperimen (PBL) dan SDN Ledok 07 Salatiga sebagai kelas kontrol (DL). Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan yaitu eksperimen semu. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika materi volume bangun ruang kubus dan balok. Kemudian analisis data dilakukan melalui uji Independent Sample T-Test berbantuan program SPSS 25 for windows.  Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah (1) terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan penerapan antara model PBL dan model DL terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah Matematika di kelas V SD, (2) terjadinya perbedaan peningkatan dalam kemampuan pemecahan masalah Matematika peserta didik kelas V SD dilihat dari diagram komparasi yang menunjukkan bahwa lebih berpengaruh menggunakan model PBL dengan persentase hasil data pretest sebesar 69% dan posttest sebesar 80% . Sedangkan yang menggunakan model DL diperoleh persentase hasil data pretest sebesar 66% dan posttest sebesar 73%.
Implementation of Education Character to Overcome Students’ Harvestion
Authors: Agus A. Aco , Qalbi Nur , Hanafie Khaer , Muhammadong Muhammadong
Published: April 2020

Harassment among students are worrying phenomenon in the current digital era. Becausing the news spreads fast but does not create a deterrent effect for students especially at the junior high school level. This study aims to determine the forms of harassment that are common in the school environment, sanctions imposed on perpetrators and finally efforts to overcome harassment by the school. To achieve these objectives the researchers used a descriptive qualitative approach to change, explain the phenomenon of abuse that occurs among students in schools. Types of descriptive research are primary data sources namely informants consisting of school principals, teachers, and students. And the Secondary data is documents. Data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative. The results showed that there were many forms of violence which were commonly found by students in the school environment, both physical and psychological violence. Physical form includes, a) hitting, b) pinching, c) pressing down on the ear, and d) throwing using shoes. The form of psychological violence is giving harsh words. sanctions given by teachers for violence against students, namely: a) verbal reprimands, and b) written reprimands. The efforts made by teachers to overcome violence against students are: a) preventive measures (holding dialogue between teachers, parents, and students b) repressive actions by calling on school to avoid harassing student.
Influence of Work Environment Toward Turnover Intention with Motivation and Job Satisfaction as Intervening Variables in PT. TSA
Authors: Tri Wiliyanto Ikhwan , Sudiarditha I Ketut , Yohana Corry
Published: April 2020

This research aims to examine wher work environment influences employee turnover intentions at PT TSA. In addition, this study also examines Job Satisfaction and Motivation as an intervening variable as mediating role toward influence of Work Environment on employee turnover intentions. In some literature found that  variable Job Satisfaction and Motivation variables cannot mediate  influence of Work Environment on Turnover Intention, refore researchers want to reconfirm it once  more.This study uses  entire population of 256 workers at PT TSA outlets as respondents. In this study re are 5 (five) hyposes to test  direct effect and 2 (two) hyposes to test  indirect effect through analysis techniques using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS 22 software. n in  mediation test  researcher uses  Sobel test to test  significance of  effect of mediation found in  research model.  results of hyposis testing state that all hyposes made on  research model are accePTed.
Evaluation of Maritime Tourism Development in Muna Regency in Southeast Sulawesi
Authors: Kadar Laode , Susono Juhasdi , Rahim Abdul
Published: April 2020

Broadly speaking, this study aims to obtain the results of a study regarding the evaluation of the development of marine tourism in Muna Regency in Southeast Sulawesi. The unit of analysis in this study is the Office of Tourism and Culture as one of the government agencies in Muna Regency, which is demanded to manage and contribute to the maximum revenue contribution to the Regional Original Revenue (PAD) with selected respondents and key informants are the Head of Service, Head of Division and Head of Planning and Financial Subdivision. In this study the research method used is descriptive qualitative method. The analysis tool used is the Realistic Evaluation Method with the Context-Mechanism-Outcome configuration approach. The results showed that, evaluation of the development of marine tourism in Muna Regency through the analysis of Context and Mechanism evaluation can be obtained Outcome
Analysis of Determinant Factors Performance of Alliance Strategy: Empirical Study in Learning Guidance in DKI Jakarta
Authors: Rudianto Maikel , Purwohedi Unggul , Santoso Budi
Published: April 2020

The alliance strategy is one solution to face the speed of competition in the business world or business. Strategic alliances are cooperative strategies in the form of partnerships that help bring together the strengths of each party in order to benefit each other in the form of long-term benefits and competitiveness in the market. The Alliance strategy can be judged successful or not by measuring the performance of the strategic alliance, because the most commonly used alliance measure is performance. So that a healthy alliance strategy implemented by a company is to see and evaluate the performance of the company's alliance strategy.This research was conducted with a non-sampling method or census of 132 (one hundred thirty-two) branches in DKI Jakarta in one of the companies in the field of education originating from Japan and developing an alliance strategy in Indonesia. Data collection is done by questionnaire and meet with the owners or branch leaders directlyFrom this study it was concluded that Goodwill trust, Competence Trust and Tangible & Intangible Resources Sharing had a positive influence on the performance of the alliance's strategy. Besides Tangible & Intangible Resources Sharing as an intervening variable is able to mediate the relationship of Goodwill trust and Competence Trust on the performance of the alliance's strategy.
Biochemical Transition Effects of Fungi Fouling Disease in Penaeus Monodon Shrimp
Authors: Karthikeyan Velmurugan , Balachandran Selvaraj , Ramachandran Kasilingam , Rajesh Nagarajan , Gopalakrishnan Ayyaru
Published: April 2020

Penaeus monodon (black tiger shrimp) is one of the most cultured shrimp species in India. Biochemical compositions of such shrimp species play a major role in recent decades. The biochemical composition is an index to assess the nutritional quality of food sources. The present work endeavor is to analyze total protein, carbohydrates, total lipids, amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins and minerals from muscle tissues of both Gilbertella persicaria fungal fouling infected and healthy shrimp, P. monodon. The study animal was captured by cast net operation from cultured grow-out shrimp pond located in Tamil Nadu. The study revealed maximum amounts of nutritional status was observed in healthy shrimp P. monodon (total protein 49.15%, carbohydrate 16.53%, total lipid 2.37%) tissues compared with G. persicaria fungal fouling infected shrimp (total protein 31.15%, carbohydrate 11.05%, total lipid 1.04%) were recorded. These results indicate novel report on nutritional aspect of fungal fouling pathogen G. persicaria which has significantly contributed in biochemical composition reduction of P. monodon.
FAILURE IN IMPLANTS
Authors: Shamsuddeen Suhana , Kurien Vino
Published: April 2020

Dental implants are commonly used to replace the missing teeth in partially and completely edentulous ridges. While the overall success rate of implant dentistry is very high, dental implants seldom fail. The occurrence of implant failure is a matter of great concern for implantologists and awareness of such unavoidable fact is clinically important. The purpose of this review was to offer a critical evaluation of the literature and to provide the clinician with scientifically-based diagnostic criteria for monitoring the implant condition. Aetiologies and factors associated with implant failure should be elucidated for further improvement of the treatment outcome. This information may be necessary to develop effective strategies for treatment and prevention. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to provide an insight into different aspects of implant failures by highlighting various classifications put forward by different authors Key Words : Classification, Osseointegration, Implant failures.
Multi-Physical Design and Resonant Controller Based Trajectory Tracking of the Electromagnetically Driven Fast Tool Servo
Authors: Hussain Imran , Xia Wei , Zhao Dongpo , Huang Peng , Zhu Zhiwei
Published: April 2020

In this paper, a voice coil motor (VCM) actuated fast tool servo (FTS) system is developed for diamond turning. To guide motions of the VCM actuator, a crossed double parallelogram flexure mechanism is selected featuring totally symmetric structure with high lateral stiffness. To facilitate the determination of the multi-physical parameters, analytical models of both electromagnetic and mechanical systems are developed. The designed FTS with balanced stroke and natural frequency is then verified through the finite element analysis. Finally, the prototype of the VCM actuated FTS is fabricated and experimentally demonstrated to achieve a stroke of ±59.02 μm and a first natural frequency of 253 Hz. By constructing a closed-loop control using proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller with the internal-model based resonant controller, the error for tracking a harmonic trajectory with ±10 μm amplitude and 120 Hz frequency is obtained to be ±0.2 μm, demonstrating the capability of the FTS for high accuracy trajectory tracking.
Effect of Levels of Fidelity on Steady Aerodynamic and Static Aeroelastic Computations
Authors: Crovato Adrien , Almeida Hugo S. , Vio Gareth , Silva Gustavo H. , Prado Alex P. , Breviglieri Carlos , Guner Huseyin , Cabral Pedro H. , Boman Romain , Terrapon Vincent E. , Dimitriadis Grigorios
Published: April 2020

Static aeroelastic deformations are nowadays considered as early as in the preliminary aircraft design stage, where low-fidelity linear aerodynamic modeling is favored because of its low computational cost. However, transonic flows are essentially nonlinear. The present work aims at assessing the impact of the aerodynamic level of fidelity used in preliminary aircraft design. Several fluid models ranging from the linear potential to the Navier–Stokes formulations were used to solve transonic flows for steady rigid aerodynamic and static aeroelastic computations on two benchmark wings: the Onera M6 and a generic airliner wing. The lift and moment loading distributions, as well as the bending and twisting deformations predicted by the different models, were examined, along with the computational costs of the various solutions. The results illustrate that a nonlinear method is required to reliably perform steady aerodynamic computations on rigid wings. For such computations, the best tradeoff between accuracy and computational cost is achieved by the full potential formulation. On the other hand, static aeroelastic computations are usually performed on optimized wings for which transonic effects are weak. In such cases, linear potential methods were found to yield sufficiently reliable results. If the linear method of choice is the doublet lattice approach, it must be corrected using a nonlinear solution.
The Determinants of Risk Transmission between Oil and Agricultural Prices: An IPVAR Approach
Authors: Vu Tan Ngoc , Ho Chi Minh , Nguyen Thang Cong , Vo Duc Hong
Published: April 2020

Previous empirical studies have generally considered biofuel as a main factor in changes in the relationship between oil and agricultural prices because these changes happened after U.S. biofuel policies were implemented. However, it has been argued that other economic factors can trigger the correlation of these two markets. This study was conducted to examine the transmission mechanisms that influence the relationship between oil and agricultural prices. This paper used the interacted panel vector autoregressive framework, which allowed us to investigate the effect of biofuel production under different regimes of exchange rates and global economic activities. The responses of agricultural prices to oil prices at different levels of biofuel production, global economic activity, and exchange rates were examined in this paper. Data on prices for 10 agricultural commodities—barley, beans, corn, cotton, oats, rice, sorghum, soybean, sunflower, and wheat—from January 2000 to May 2019, were used in this study. Our findings indicate that oil prices can affect agricultural prices through biofuel and exchange rates. Moreover, the effect of biofuel depends on the level of global economic activity and exchange rates. We offer some policy implications on the basis of our findings in this study.
Sustainable Fertilizer Strategies for Vaccinium corymbosum x V. angustifolium under Abandoned Peatland Conditions
Authors: Koort Angela , Starast Marge , Põldma Priit , Moor Ulvi , Mainla Leila , Maante-Kuljus Mariana , Karp Kadri
Published: April 2020

Revegetating abandoned peatlands plays an important role in reducing the CO2 footprint. One possibility for carbon reduction is cultivating blueberries as calcifuge plants in acidic peat soil. The aim of the experiment was to find out the effect of different fertilizers on half-highbush blueberry cultivar ‘Northblue’ growth and biochemical parameters in peatland conditions. The experiment was carried out in 2011–2015 with four organic and one mineral fertilizer, where three were composted chicken manure- and one maltose-based organic fertilizer. The soil of the experimental area belongs to the soil subgroup Fibri–Dystric Histosol with the peat layer 1.0–1.5 m deep. Organic fertilizer 4–1–2, which contained seaweed but had low phosphorus and potassium content, resulted in high yields in 2011 and 2013, with similar vegetative growth and comparable biochemical parameters as mineral fertilizer 6–14–23. The principal component analysis showed that the experimental year was more important in determining fruit parameters than the fertilizer type. However, our results indicated that the organic fertilizers are alternatives to mineral fertilizer for organic production.
Cover Crops Affect Performance of Organic Scarlotta Seedless Table Grapes Under Plastic Film Covering in Southern Italy
Authors: Tarricone Luigi , Debiase Giambattista , Masi Gianvito , Gentilesco Giovanni , Montemurro Francesco
Published: April 2020

In sustainable or organic vineyard systems, the introduction of cover crops could represent a powerful tool for farmers to influence, positively, the agro-ecosystem by promoting the whole soil-plant system equilibrium. Concerning table grape production, nitrogen fertilizers are medium-high; for environmental aspects, organic viticulturists are more interested in legume inter-row cover crops. Research on cover crop effects was carried out in 2015–2016, on organic table grapes (the Sugranineteen variety) in Mediterranean conditions. Three inter-row soil management techniques were compared: (TR) inter-row spacing was cultivated with subterranean clover; (V) inter-row spacing with common vetch incorporated in the soil as green manure, and (RC) inter-row spacing with common vetch flattened by the roller crimper technique, making a living mulch. No significant difference was recorded in grapevine water status among the treatments. RC vines performed the highest net photosynthesis rate from shoot growth to veràison. Cover crops did not affect cluster weight, berry weight, and juice composition; however, they influenced berry detachment force. Our research findings confirmed that legume cover crops (subterranean clover and common vetch) increased soil organic matter and could represent an economic and sustainable soil use to reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizers applied in table grape production.
Evolving Multiple Resistance to EPSPS, GS, ALS, PSI, PPO, and Synthetic Auxin Herbicides in Dominican Republic Parthenium hysterophorus Populations. A Physiological and Biochemical Study
Authors: Palma-Bautista Candelario , Hoyos Verónica , Plaza Guido , Vázquez-García José G. , Rosario Jesús , Rojano-Delgado Antonia M. , De Prado Rafael
Published: April 2020

Two Parthenium hysterophorus populations resistant (R) and susceptible (S) harvested in banana crop from the Dominican Republic were studied. All S plants died when the herbicides were applied at field dose, except with paraquat. For the R population, the order of plant survival was as follows: glyphosate and paraquat > flazasulfuron > glufosinate > fomesafen > 2,4-D. The resistance factors obtained in the dose–response assays showed a high resistance to glyphosate, flazasulfuron, and fomesafen, medium resistance to glufosinate and 2,4-D, and a natural tolerance to paraquat (resistance factor (RF) = 1.0). The I50 values obtained in the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), acetolactate synthase (ALS), and glutamine synthetase (GS) activity studies with glyphosate, flazasulfuron, and glufosinate, respectively, were greater in R than in S. The effect of fomesafen was measured by the Proto IX levels, obtaining five times more Proto IX in the S than in the R population. The resistance to 2,4-D in the R was determined by the lower accumulation of ethylene compared to the S population. The studies with 14C-paraquat conclude that the lower absorption and translocation in both the R and S populations would explain the natural tolerance of P. hysterophorus. This is the first case of multiple resistance to herbicides with different mechanisms of action confirmed in P. hysterophorus.
The Effects of Flood, Drought, and Flood Followed by Drought on Yield in Cotton
Authors: Qian Long , Chen Xiaohong , Wang Xiugui , Huang Shuang , Luo Yunying
Published: April 2020

Cotton suffers from alternations of flood and drought in China. A lysimeter trial was conducted to investigate the responses of various cotton yield indices under water-stress treatments including, flood (five-day, eight-day), drought (10-day, 15-day), and five-day flood followed by 10-day drought, during the flowering and boll-forming stage. The results showed that the seed cotton yield was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced under all water-stress treatments, while the harvest index was not affected under any treatment. Significant decreases in dry matter yield, boll number, and boll hull mass were detected under flood treatments but not under drought treatments. The percentage cotton yield losses per day induced by flood and drought were 6.22% and 2.48%, respectively. Under water stress, the associations between seed cotton yield and relevant yield indices were weakened, but yield losses were still strongly related to the decreases in dry matter yield and boll number. Flood followed by drought caused significant reductions in all yield indices except harvest index; however, the reduction was much lower than the additive reductions induced by flood and drought. These results provide bases for scheduling irrigation and drainage under climate change.