bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Algoritmo Desumano: reflexões sobre a formação acadêmica dos egressos dos cursos de computação e as possíveis contribuições das humanidades digitais nessa formação
Authors: Miranda Jair Martins de , Silva Geiza Maria Hamazaki da
Published: September 2022

Este artigo reflete sobre a formação acadêmica dos egressos dos cursos de computação no Brasil, a partir do impacto negativo que os algoritmos de aplicativos de delivery causaram no trabalho dos entregadores e provocaram uma grande repercussão social. Analisa as contribuições da Sociedade Brasileiro de Computação para um novo currículo para as graduações relacionadas a computação e conclui que as humanidades digitais
Segmentação de gorduras cardíacas utilizando uma rede generativa adversaria condicional
Authors: da Silva Guilherme Santos , Rodrigues Érick Oliveira
Published: September 2022

Nos ultimos anos, estudos têm apontado que o aumento da quantidade de gordura que envolve o coração foi associado a maior risco para o desencadeamento de algumas doenças cardiovasculares, como a fibrilação atrial e a doença coronariana. A segmentação manual dessas gorduras não tem sido amplamente implantada na pratica clínica devido a carga de trabalho humana necessária e ao alto custo de médicos e técnicos. Portanto, a necessidade de realizar analises quantitativas de forma mais precisa e mais rápida em exames com muitas informações têm impulsionado o desenvolvimento de novos métodos computacionais para a segmentação de orgãos. Neste trabalho, foi proposto um novo metodo unificado para a segmentação e quantificação autônoma de dois tipos de gorduras cardíacas, utilizando a rede pix2pix, uma rede generativa adversaria condicional criada idealmente para realizar a traducão de imagem para imagem. As gorduras segmentadas sao denominadas epicardica e mediastinal e ficam separadas umas das outras pelo pericardio. Resultados experimentais da metodologia proposta mostraram que a acuracia média em relacão às gorduras epicardicas e mediastinais é de 99,08%, com uma taxa média positiva verdadeira de 99,34%. Os índices de similaridade foram, em media, de 99,28% e 98,59%, para o F1 score e IoU, respectivamente.
“The end justifies the memes”: A feminist relational discourse analysis of the role of macro memes in facilitating supportive discussions for victim-survivors of narcissistic abuse
Authors: Howard Vickie , Adan Amina
Published: September 2022

This article reports the results of a qualitative study which aimed to investigate the role of internet memes in facilitating supportive discussions among women on an online platform concerning narcissistic abuse. Narcissistic abuse is an under-recognised form of abuse underpinning experiences of domestic abuse and intimate partner violence. The study focuses upon women’s communication through the use of Facebook memes. Studying these and their associated content/posts is important for examining narcissistic abuse experiences because memes have been identified as immediate conveyors of meaning, and associated posts and comments provide rich data that can generate new findings pertinent to abuse and support experiences. A total of 4 public Facebook pages concerning narcissistic abuse were used to analyse 100 memes and their attached comments/posts, which ranged from 15 to 175 per meme with an arithmetic mean of 39.4. Employing a feminist relational discourse analysis (FRDA) framework, the data were categorised in terms of thematic frames and dominant discourses of victim-survivors. The analysis identified how community-specific Facebook pages assisted help-seeking discussions and expressions of distress. It also suggested that memes function as speech acts to discursively shape online conversations related to experiences of narcissistic abuse. As immediate conveyors of meaning, memes facilitated emotional expression to provide psychosocial support and a form of feminist activism to those who experienced feelings of isolation and marginalisation within broader political, psychological, and social contexts.
Can mediated communication moderate the relationship between being in isolation and quarantine for COVID-19 and loneliness?
Authors: Kashian Nicole
Published: September 2022

An online survey examined if and how aspects of mediated communication were associated with less loneliness while in isolation and quarantine for COVID-19. A national sample of 490 US participants who were either in isolation, quarantine, or in neither, answered questions regarding their use of mediated communication, the people with whom they communicated, perceived social presence, active and passive social media use, and perceived loneliness. SPSS software was used to run a multivariate regression model to test these potential moderators using a Hochberg (1988) correction for familywise error. For people in isolation and quarantine, relative to neither, the more they used mediated communication with a high degree of social presence, such as voice calls and video calls, the more loneliness they reported. The data also indicate that for those who are not in quarantine or isolation in a pandemic, using mediated communication with a high degree of social presence is related to less loneliness.
The effect of emotion background on pathological internet users’ comments on online news: Evidence from online text analysis
Authors: Zhang Wei , Zhu Wanling , Nie Jia , Andrasik Frank , Blom Xara Naomi
Published: September 2022

The increased use of Internet communication emphasizes the need to explore the characteristics of online comments, which help better understand their impact on individuals’ internal emotional states and how the emotional valence of online news impacts online commentaries among Pathological Internet Users (PIUs). Eighteen PIUs and 14 controls commented on online news of two types (positive and negative valence) under two separate elicited emotional states (positive and negative), with commentaries analyzed through TextMind. PIUs and Controls both used more positive words when exposed to positive versus negative news and more negative words when exposed to negative versus positive news regardless of elicited emotions. However, individuals with PIU used more positive words than controls. PIUs and Controls commented similarly under positive or negative emotion elicitation concerning casual, inclusive, and exclusive words. However, the use of discrepancy word varied due to group assignment and the emotion background. Controls used more discrepancy words when commenting on negative news while in a positive emotional state and commenting on positive news while in a negative emotional state, which does not hold for PIUs. The internal emotional state and emotional valence of online news affected the group differently, suggesting that though PIUs can get emotional catharsis on commenting activities, they lack the perceptual consistency of emotional background when conducting online activities and have lower cognitive complexity. This research demonstrates the utility of incorporating a new method for detecting individuals subject to PIU by applying text analysis to their online behavior.
Evaluating Feebates for Decarbonization by Required Freight Rate
Authors: Daidola John C.
Published: September 2022

The economics of ship operations are investigated when a feebate system of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) tax levies or subsidies are applied. The CO2e intensity of the ship has been proposed as a means of aiding achieving the IMO goals for reduced shipping emissions. The intended impact on operational costs should spur behavior to reduce emissions, introduce more efficient ships and change to lower carbon fuels. The Required Freight Rate (RFR) was first proposed in the 1960’s as a way to analyze the economic features of a particular ship and its service over its lifetime. It proved to be a means of identifying the optimum vessel characteristics for design and construction, the speed at which it would most economically operate and the required revenue per unit weight of cargo to meet financial goals. The RFR analysis is utilized herein to determine the vessel profitability and fuel consumption at alternate operating speeds along with the impact of a tax levy or subsidy. The result is a rational evaluation of operations with the amount of CO2e and tax or subsidy as variables.
Modeling of Autonomous Hydrofoil Craft Avoiding Moving Obstacles
Authors: Matveev Konstantin I.
Published: September 2022

Hydrodynamic arrangements of most autonomous surface marine vessels belong to conventional displacement-type monohulls or catamarans. Applications of advanced hydrodynamic concepts, such as considered here hydrofoils, can help unmanned marine craft operate efficiently at higher speeds and have better seakeeping. However, dynamics of such boats are rather complex. In this work, a 6-DOF dynamics model with engineering correlations for hydrodynamic forces is applied to simulate motions of an autonomous hydrofoil craft. Collision avoidance maneuvers based on introduction of a dynamic waypoint outside unsafe zone around a moving obstacle have been modeled. The description of planning decisions, implementation of controls, simulated boat trajectories, and time histories of kinematic and controlled variables are presented and discussed. The developed model can be used for design of unmanned hydrofoil craft and control systems of fast autonomous boats.
Reduced Project Duration via Intelligent Scheduling for Ship Production/Repair
Authors: Richards Robert A.
Published: September 2022

Ship and submarine production and repair have benefited significantly from more intelligently allocating resources and managing other constraints, thereby increasing efficiency, and reducing overall project duration. In complex production and repair environments, such as ship production/repair, the method of allocating resources and managing other constraints significantly affects the efficiency of progress and thus the overall project duration. Resources include human resources, equipment resources and physical-space resources. Due to the inherent complexity of resource allocation and constraint management for such complex environments, the project durations can be 25%+ longer than necessary. This paper shares the real-world results experienced by the authors as well as similar results found in the literature showing the major difference in project duration due to resource-scheduling techniques.
Predicting Ship Power Using Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Kriezis Anthony Constantine , Sapsis Themistoklis , Chryssostomidis Chryssostomos
Published: September 2022

One of the biggest challenges facing the shipping industry in the coming decades is the reduction of carbon emissions. A promising approach to this end is the use of the growing amount of data collected by vessels to optimize a voyage so as to minimize power consumption. The focus of this paper is on building and testing machine learning models that can accurately predict the shaft power of a vessel under different conditions. The models examined include pure empirical models, pure neural network models, and combinations of the two. Using data on two car carrying vessels for 8 years it was found that neural networks incorporating some physical intuition can achieve a mean absolute percentage error of less than 5%, and an R2 above 95%. This performance can be further improved by the addition of wave information, but it deteriorates when the data collection becomes less frequent.
Viscous Drift Forces on a Semisubmersible in Waves and Currents
Authors: Dev Arun Kr
Published: September 2022

Starting from the early sixties and then in the early eighties, it was well established that second-order wave excitation forces exist for floating bodies in regular waves. This force is not only steady (mean) in nature; it also has a low-frequency (difference frequency) and a high-frequency (sum frequency) component force in irregular waves, e.g., in a wave envelope of irregular waves. While potential drift force calculations were entirely accurate for large body structures like tankers, FPSOs, and other bluff bodies, the potential theory-based drift force calculations fell far short (seriously under-predicted) for slender body offshore structures like a semisubmersible. The drift force in a regular wave is dominated by viscous effects resulting in the force itself becoming a function of the third order in the splash zone of the semisubmersible column. Experimental results have validated this. This happens at the low diffraction parameter (κD) and high viscous parameter (H/D). In a waves-only field, the potential drift force remains purely second-order in regular waves due to first-order and second-order pressure. The presence of currents with waves increases the potential drift forces with the additional contribution. The presence of currents along with waves increases the viscous drift force in the splash zone and increases viscous effects on the submerged zone of the semisubmersible like the pontoons and the part of the columns below the splash zone. As the semisubmersible consists of vertical columns (vertical cylinders) and submerged pontoons, extensive experimental works were conducted with a vertical cylinder (resembling the column of a semisubmersible) and with fully submerged pontoons. These tests provided a fundamental understanding of the physics and mechanism of viscous effects in drift forces on semisubmersibles. Finally, numerical works were done using some of the experimental findings. The prediction matched quite well with experimental results for a complete semisubmersible in waves and waves and currents. The prediction method is also helpful in calculating the higher-order environmental forces in station keeping, like static and dynamic mooring analysis, Dynamic Positioning (DP) calculations, especially in time domain DP predictions.
Optimum Design of Extra-Large Wind Turbine Monopile Covering Multiple Conditions
Authors: Bucchini Matteo , Yang Zhiyong , Basu Roger , Wang Aimin , Lee Won Ho , Baxter Gail , Sielski Robert , Frontera Raffaele , Degrassi Gabriele
Published: September 2022

Offshore wind energy is developing rapidly in the United States, particularly off the East coast, which has an extensive continental shelf and where the water depths are such that monopile wind turbines founded directly on the seabed are the most attractive. In a previous paper, the authors demonstrated how the design of a monopole for a 15-MW turbine can be optimized to survive hurricane conditions using several commercially available design tools. This paper extends the study to address multiple loading conditions, including operational working conditions. To do that, different optimizations were run in parallel to find a global solution for multidisciplinary optimization. In the previous study, three independent design tools were used: Wind-plant Integrated System Design and Engineering Model (WISDEM) which was developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), ANSYS Workbench, a finite element analysis program commonly used in the industry, and the ModeFRONTIER integration platform. To simulate the additional loading conditions, the OpenFAST software from NREL is now included in the workflow to estimate the loads in the different conditions examined.
Fatigue Analysis of Swaged Bulkheads
Authors: Skogberg Jessica A. , Pearson Kolby A. , Moatsos John
Published: September 2022

The presented paper describes GD NASSCO research for Fatigue Analysis of Swaged Bulkheads, a Research Announcement project through the National Shipbuilding Research Program (NSRP). The goal is to investigate the fatigue life of structural details on swaged bulkheads compared to those of a structurally equivalent traditionally stiffened bulkhead, through Finite Element Analysis (FEA) supplemented with physical testing. The goal of this project is to demonstrate that swaged bulkheads have equivalent fatigue life or better than a traditionally stiffened bulkhead.
Evaluation of the PID-5 depressivity personality dimensions and depressive symptomatology in a community sample
Authors: Gonçalves Bruno , Pires Rute , Henriques-Calado Joana , Sousa Ferreira Ana
Published: September 2022

The alternative model for the classification of personality disorders presented in the DSM-5 is based on the hypothesis of continuity between normal personality and personality disorders. The main objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between depressive symptomatology and the domains and facets of the PID-5, especially the Depressivity facet. A convenience sample of the general population (N = 453) was used. Participants responded to the PID-5 and the CES-D. In a multiple regression model including all the PID-5 facets, only Depressivity and Anhedonia had a significant individual effect on predicting the CES-D score. Correlation analysis suggested that Depressivity and Anhedonia could be considered as defining the depressive traits of personality disorders and supported the continuity between these disorders and depressive symptomatology. A Taxometric Analysis with the Depressivity facet and CES-D score as indicators supported the dimensional nature of depressivity in a broad sense (depressive traits/ depressive symptomatology).

El modelo alternativo para la clasificación de los trastornos de la personalidad presentado en el DSM-5 se basa en la hipótesis de continuidad entre la personalidad normal y los trastornos de la personalidad. El objetivo principal de este estudio es analizar la relación entre la sintomatología depresiva y los dominios y facetas del PID-5, especialmente la faceta Depresión. Se utilizó una muestra de conveniencia de la población general (N = 453). Los participantes respondieron al PID-5 y a la CES-D. En un modelo de regresión múltiple que incluía todas las facetas de PID-5, solo la Depresión y la Anhedonia tuvieron un efecto individual significativo en la predicción de la puntuación CES-D. El análisis de correlación sugirió que la Depresión y la Anhedonia podrían considerarse como la definición de los rasgos depresivos de los trastornos de la personalidad y apoyó la continuidad entre estos trastornos y la sintomatología depresiva. Un análisis taxométrico con la faceta Depresión y la puntuación CES-D como indicadores respaldó la naturaleza dimensional de la depresión en un sentido amplio (rasgos depresivos / sintomatología depresiva).
The Bem Sex-Role Inventory: Proposal of a short version in Spanish
Authors: Gómez Berrocal Carmen , Cervilla Oscar , Álvarez-Muelas Ana , Sierra Juan Carlos
Published: September 2022

The study objective was to examine the factorial structure, reliability and to provide some evidence for validity of the Spanish version of the Bem Sexual Roles Inventory (BSRI), which assesses self-description in terms of gender traits. A sample of 2,672 Spanish participants, heterosexual adults (1,289 men, 1,383 women) distributed into four age groups (18-25, 26-35, 36-55, 56 years or more), completed a Spanish 40-item version of BSRI. An 8-item scale is proposed with a two-dimensional structure: Masculinity (M) and Femininity (F). Both factors present adequate reliabi-lity. Regarding evidence for validity, men (vs. women) scored higher in M, and women (vs. men) in F. The M scores were higher for the participants aged less than 56 years. No differences were found in the F scores among age groups. We discuss the usefulness of this measure to assess interindividual differences, across sex and age, in the self-attribution of traditional gender traits.

El objetivo del estudio fue examinar la estructura factorial, la confiabilidad y proporcionar alguna evidencia de validez de la versión en español del Inventario de Roles Sexuales de Bem (BSRI), que evalúa la autodescripción en términos de rasgos de género. Una muestra de 2.672 participantes españoles, adultos heterosexuales (1.289 hombres, 1.383 mujeres) distribuidos en cuatro grupos de edad (18-25, 26-35, 36-55, 56 años o más), completó una versión en español de 40 ítems del BSRI. Se propone una escala de 8 ítems con estructura bidimensional: Masculinidad (M) y Feminidad (F). Ambos factores presentan una fiabilidad adecuada. Con respecto a la evidencia de validez, los hombres (vs. las mujeres) obtuvieron puntuaciones más altas en M y las mujeres (vs. los hombres) en F. Las puntuaciones M fueron más altas para los participantes menores de 56 años. No se encontraron diferencias en las puntuaciones F entre grupos de edad. Discutimos la utilidad de esta medida para evaluar las diferencias interindividuales, según el sexo y la edad, en la autoatribución de los rasgos de género tradicionales.
Women and videogames: What do they play?
Authors: Labrador Francisco J. , Fernández-Arias Ignacio , Martín-Ruipérez Sofía , Bernaldo-de-Quirós Mónica , Vallejo-Achón Marina , Sánchez-Iglesias Iván , Labrador Marta , Estupiñá Francisco J.
Published: September 2022

The information on the use of Videogames (VG) in general samples fundamentally reflects the characteristics of men, because of their greater participation in VG, making it difficult to identify the characteristics of women and their gaming activity. Objective: To describe the gaming behaviour of adolescent and young women in Madrid, and its relation with the development of gaming problems. Method: A self-report questionnaire (Gamertest) was applied to a sample of 1,228 women (12 - 22 years old) (M = 14.84; SD = 2.469), selected by randomized sampling in schools in the Community of Madrid. Results: 51% of women admit gaming. The typical profile is a woman who plays VG sporadically and for short periods of time, preferably Action and Adventure games or Puzzles and Platforms, mainly on smartphones, at home and alone, with the purpose of having fun. The main predictive variables of gaming problems, identified with the Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) in women are: a greater number of hours of use, playing Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Game (MMORPG), and Strategy VG. The most protective factor is playing VG accompanied. The results are discussed.

La información sobre el uso de Videojuegos (VJ) en muestras generales refleja fundamentalmente las características de los hombres, por su mayor participación en VJ, dificultando identificar las características de las mujeres y su actividad de juego. Objetivo: Describir el comportamiento lúdico de adolescentes y jóvenes madrileñas y su relación con el desarrollo de problemas de juego. Método: Se aplicó un cuestionario de autoinforme (Gamertest) a una muestra de 1.228 mujeres (12 - 22 años) (M = 14.84; DT = 2.469), seleccionadas mediante muestreo aleatorio en centros educativos de la Comunidad de Madrid. Resultados: el 51% de las mujeres admite jugar. El perfil típico es una mujer que juega a VJ de forma esporádica y por cortos periodos de tiempo, preferiblemente juegos de Acción y Aventura o Puzles y Plataformas; principalmente en smartphones, en casa y sola, con el propósito de divertirse. Las principales variables predictivas de problemas de juego, identificadas con el Trastorno del Juego de Internet (TJI) en mujeres son: mayor número de horas de uso, participación en juegos de rol multijugador masivo online (MMORPG) y VJ de estrategia. El factor protector más importante es jugar a VJ acompañado. Se discuten los resultados.
Factorial analysis and gender invariance of GPIUS2 scale and evaluation of Caplan’s cognitive-behavioral model of problematic Internet use in adolescents
Authors: Marzo Juan C. , García-Oliva Carlos , Piqueras Jose A
Published: September 2022

Caplan's (2010) revised cognitive-behavioral model of Problematic Internet Use (PIU) has become one of the most promising theoretical frameworks on such behavior in the last decade. The Generalized Problematic Internet Use Scale (GPIUS2) (Caplan, 2010) has been adapted and validated for use with Spanish adolescents, but gender invariance has not been tested yet in this country. The present study focuses on three objectives: to confirm the factorial structure of GPIUS2, to analyze gender invariance, and to test Caplan’s theoretical model, in a sample of Spanish adolescents. A cross-sectional study was carried out. The sample was composed of 909 participants from Spain, aged between 12 and 18 years (Mean age = 14.2, SD = 1.6). The results indicated a good fit of the GPIUS2 factor structure and gender factorial invariance. Moreover, the cognitive-behavioral model fit the data. GPIUS2 has a very good structure and presents gender factorial invariance, which favors its application in Spanish adolescent population. This study supports the cognitive-behavioral model of PIU.

El modelo cognitivo-conductual revisado de Caplan (2010) sobre el Uso Problemático de Internet (UPI) es uno de los marcos teóricos más prometedores sobre dicho comportamiento en la última década. La Escala Uso Problemático de Internet Generalizado (GPIUS2) (Caplan, 2010) ha sido adaptada y validada para su uso con adolescentes españoles, pero aún no se ha comprobado su invarianza de género en España. El presente estudio se centra en tres objetivos: confirmar la estructura factorial de la escala GPIUS2, analizar la invarianza de género de dicha escala y poner a prueba el modelo teórico de Caplan en una muestra de adolescentes españoles. Se realizó un estudio transversal. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 909 participantes de España, con edades comprendidas entre los 12 y los 18 años (Edad media = 14.2, DT = 1.6). Los resultados indicaron un buen ajuste de la estructura factorial del GPIUS2 e invarianza factorial en función del género. Además, el modelo cognitivo-conductual mostró un buen ajuste de los datos. La GPIUS2 tiene una muy buena estructura y presenta invarianza factorial para el género, lo que favorece su aplicación en la población adolescente española. Este estudio apoya el modelo cognitivo-conductual en el UPI.
Sobre a doutrina de Espinosa em cartas ao senhor Moses Mendelssohn
Authors: Jacobi Friedrich Heinrich
Published: September 2022

Esta obra se notabilizou não apenas por ser um estudo profundo, rigoroso e inovador acerca da filosofia espinosana e das filosofias do “um e do todo” (hen kai pan), essenciais para a formação de Schelling, Hegel e Hölderlin, mas também por sua crítica à rigidez e à pretensão sistemática do Iluminismo (representado por Mendelssohn), assim como por sua abordagem original e hábil dos principais temas metafísicos e morais da história da filosofia. Jacobi, além de grande escritor, é um verdadeiro historiador da filosofia, e trata com cuidado as ideias dos autores que discute. Uma conversa com Lessing em 1780 serve de motivação inicial para a investigação; a partir daí, o livro se transforma num monumento literário-filosófico, envolvendo interlocutores de peso como Herder, Hamann e Goethe, entre outros.
Experimental Verification of Gain and Bandwidth Enhancement of Fractal Contoured Metamaterial Inspired Antenna
Authors: Suganthi S. , Shashikumar D. , Chand E.
Published: September 2022

In this work, a 2.5 GHz fractal contoured square microstrip antenna with four ring metamaterial structure, hereon referred to as optimized metamaterial inspired square fractal antenna (OMSFA), has been presented. This paper is an extension to the previously designed OMSFA [4] and aims to experimentally verify the enhanced gain and bandwidth of this antenna. The design and simulation of the proposed OMSFA was accomplished by using Ansys HFSS (v18.2). The end-to-end antenna spread area is 23 mm x 23 mm on a 46 mm x 28 mm x 1.6 mm FR4 substrate (εr = 4.4). The simulated OMSFA was fabricated using Nvis 72 Prototyping Machine and measured in an anechoic chamber facility using vector network analyzer. The antenna resonates with the deepest return loss at S11 of -39.5 dB in a broad bandwidth of 2.53 GHz from 2.265 GHz to 4.79 GHz with experimental verification. The OMSFA provides an enhanced gain of 8.81 dB at the desired frequency of 2.5 GHz. The simulation and experimental results of resonance, gain and radiation pattern are found to agree maximally. The fractional bandwidth offered by this proposed antenna is 72.28%. The experimental validation confirms enhanced gain-bandwidth performance in a wide resonance band. Hence, the OMSFA is well recommended for wireless and energy harvesting rectenna applications.
Melanoleuca subgriseoflava and M. substridula—two new Melanoleuca species (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) described from China
Authors: Qi Yue , Li Cai-Hong , Song Yu-Meng , Zhang Ming , Guo Hong-Bo , Yu Xiao-Dan
Published: September 2022

Two new Melanoleuca species, Melanoleuca subgriseoflava and M. substridula, are originally reported and described in China based on both morphological and molecular methods. Melanoleuca subgriseoflava, collected in Liaoning province, is mainly characterized by its greyish-brown to yellowish-grey pileus, creamy to light orange lamellae, greyish-yellow context, round and warted basidiospores and fusiform hymenial cystidia. Melanoleuca substridula, discovered in Sichuan province, is mainly characterized by its light brown to dark brown pileus, whitish lamellae, light brown to greyish-brown stipe, round and warted basidiospores and lack of any forms of cystidia. The phylogenetic relationships as well as divergence-time estimation were analyzed using the combined data set (ITS-nrLSU-RPB2), and the results showed that the two Melanoleuca species formed two distinct lineages. Based on the combination of morphological and molecular data, M. subgriseoflava and M. substridula are confirmed as two new species to science. A theoretical basis is provided for the species diversity of Melanoleuca.
The antioxidant system response to drought-stressed Diospyros lotus treated with exogenous melatonin
Authors: Zhang Peng , Hu Yi , Zhou Ruijin , Zhang Xiaona , Hu Huiling , Lang Dongmei
Published: September 2022

Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses adversely impacting the growth of persimmon, which is a widely cultivated traditional fruit tree in North China. Melatonin is a bio-stimulator involved in mediating plant responses to drought. The role of exogenous melatonin application in the drought tolerance of Diospyros lotus was examined under drought stress with different doses of melatonin (0, 10, 50, and 100 µM). Exogenous melatonin application significantly mitigated the adverse effects of drought stress on chlorophyll fluorescence, lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and nitric oxide (NO) content. The 100-µM melatonin application produced the most beneficial impacts against drought stress. The melatonin-enhanced tolerance could be attributed to improved antioxidant enzymes, reduced drought-induced ROS accumulation, and lipid peroxidation. Melatonin application activated major antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and ascorbate peroxidase. Interestingly, NO concentration was significantly higher in 10 and 50 µM melatonin treatments and lower in 100 µM melatonin treatment compared to the control. Moreover, exogenous melatonin application affected the mRNA transcript levels of several genes involved in ROS metabolism, including DlRBOHA, DlSOD, DlCAT, and DlPOD. Hence, the responses of Diospyros lotus to drought varied with different doses of melatonin. Our results provide a concrete insight into the effects of melatonin with varying doses in alleviating drought as well as a platform for its potential application in the related fields.
Gestão de destinos turísticos
Authors: Körössy Nathália , Holanda Luciana Araújo de , Cordeiro Itamar Dias e
Published: September 2022

A indução do desenvolvimento local por meio do turismo não depende apenas dos recursos naturais e culturais, mas principalmente de ações capazes de transformar esses recursos em produtos e experiências turísticas, com vistas à competitividade do destino turístico. O planejamento e execução dessas ações consiste no processo de gestão de destino, conduzido pelas Organizações de Gestão de Destino (Ogd). Este artigo se propõe a revisar e discutir os principais aspectos conceituais relacionados a esta temática. Foram identificadas as obras seminais, os autores proeminentes na área e a produção científica mais recente, de modo a apresentar uma revisão abrangente e atualizada sobre o assunto. A literatura analisada aponta que boa parte do êxito na gestão do destino depende da capacidade dos distintos atores exercerem seus respectivos papéis e está atrelada à figura decisiva de um ente coordenador forte e agregador (Ogd) que se empenha em construir uma visão comum do destino.
Urine Spot Protein Creatinine Ratio as a Predictor of Disease Severity and Adverse Outcome in Children with Dengue: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Joseph Edinta , Sivaraman Senthilmurugan , Padmanabhan Kamalanathan , Shanmugam Selvakumar , Velmurugan Lakshmi
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Dengue is a viral infection with different presentations, hence predicting the disease severity at admission is essential to triage patients needing meticulous monitoring. In severe dengue there is increase of urinary protein clearance due to the increase in systemic vascular permeability. Simple urine protein excretion screening test could guide the triage and monitor the patients with suspected dengue infection. Aim: To evaluate the urine spot Protein Creatinine Ratio (PCR) as a tool in predicting the disease severity and adverse outcome in children with dengue. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted in Institute of Child Health, Egmore, Tamil Nadu, India, from October 2021 to December 2021. All children aged 1 month to 12 years presenting with symptoms of fever, thrombocytopenia (less than 1, 50, 000 /µL) with or without dengue non structural protein component (NS1)/ Immunoglobulin M Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) positivity were recruited for the study. Study parameters included were demographic factors, severity of dengue classification based on National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP) guidelines, urine spot PCR. The UPCR (urine protein creatinine ratio) was compared between dengue and non dengue cases and within the different categories of dengue cases. Chi-square was used for comparing proportions. Results: Among 150 children enrolled in present study, 134 (89.3%) were dengue positive, 16 (10.7%) were non dengue. Most predominant age group involved was 6-9 years followed by 3 to 6 years. Among 134 children with dengue, 98 (73.1%) had high UPCR and among 16 non dengue children, 2 (12.5%) had high UPCR which was statistically significant (p<0.0001). Mean spot UPCR was 0.32±0.12 in mild dengue, 0.77±0.40 in moderate dengue and 1.68±1.67 in severe dengue which was statistically significant (p<0.0001). Children with severe dengue had higher PCR values in comparison to mild and moderate dengue. Conclusion: There was a statistically significant association of urine spot PCR with severity of dengue and this simple test can be used for triaging and monitoring children with suspected dengue.
Assessment of Technological Capabilities of the Informal Foodservice Operators in Oyo State
Authors: Adedeji Funke, T. , Taiwo Kehinde, A. , Ilori Matthew, O.
Published: September 2022

Aim and Objective: Evaluate the technological capability of the informal foodservice operators in the study area with the view of ensuring wholesome food are served using the right technological capabilities.

The informal foodservice operators (IFOs) carry a larger part of food service providers that have contact with people on daily basis. The model of Garvin, 1981 was adapted for the study and mixed study approach. A structured questionnaire that includes both close and open-ended questions was used to elicit information from the participants of the study. The data collected was analysed and it showed that the technological capacity of the informal foodservice operators in studied areas in Oyo State was fairly high. The informal foodservice operators have low investment capacity, production capacity and high marketing capacity. The ability to use technological capacity to their advantage was lacking due to lack of funds and training. Their high marketing and innovation capacity showed that if there are funds and training, they will improve their investment and production capacity. Government should formulate policy that will encourage growth of the informal foodservice operators to ensure that wholesome food is served within the system.
Employment in Office-Based and Intensive Behavioral Health Settings in the US, 2016-2021
Authors: Eisenberg Matthew D. , Eddelbuettel Julia C. P. , McGinty Emma E.
Published: September 2022

This study uses employment census data to show trends in behavioral health employment during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
A Patient With Palpitations—Exceptions Prove the Rule
Authors: Velayutham Ramanathan , Parale Chinmay , Bootla Dinakar
Published: September 2022

This case report describes a patient with sudden-onset, intermittent episodes of palpitations for the past year and no associated syncopal episodes or giddiness.
My Loved One Is in the Intensive Care Unit—What Should I Know?
Authors: Goitein Lara
Published: September 2022

This JAMA Internal Medicine Patient Page describes how individuals can support loved ones while they are being cared for in the intensive care unit.
Antenatal Steroid Exposure Among Term Newborns
Authors: Freret Taylor S. , James Kaitlyn E. , Melamed Alexander , Gyamfi-Bannerman Cynthia , Kaimal Anjali J. , Clapp Mark A.
Published: September 2022

This cross-sectional study evaluates the association between dissemination of the Antenatal Late Preterm Steroid trial and changes in steroid exposure among term newborns.
Novel Temperature‐Sensitive Hydrogel Promotes Wound Healing Through YAP and MEK‐Mediated Mechanosensitivity
Authors: Li Ze , Huang Jinjian , Jiang Yungang , Liu Ye , Qu Guiwen , Chen Kang , Zhao Yun , Wang Peige , Wu Xiuwen , Ren Jianan
Published: September 2022

Wound healing is a significant problem in clinical management. Various functional dressings are studied to promote wound healing through biochemical factors. They are generally expensive, complex to fabricate, and may adversely affect the wound. Mechanical forces are the critical regulators of tissue repair. Although contraction is shown to promote wound healing, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, a novel adhesive temperature‐sensitive mechanically active hydrogel with a simple and inexpensive preparation process is developed. The dressing is able to adhere to the wound surface and actively contract the wound in response to body temperature. This mechanical contraction enhances the proliferative activity of basal cells, reduces the inflammatory response of the wound, and promotes wound healing. Furthermore, RNA‐seq clarifies how the gene regulatory network is regulated by contraction. Finally, using pharmacological inhibitors, YAP and MEK are identified as the key signaling molecules for contraction‐mediated tissue healing in vivo.
Manganese‐Based Tumor Immunotherapy
Authors: Zhang Ke , Qi Chao , Cai Kaiyong
Published: September 2022

As an essential micronutrient, manganese (Mn) participates in various physiological processes and plays important roles in host immune system, hematopoiesis, endocrine function, and oxidative stress regulation. Mn‐based nanoparticles are considered to be biocompatible and show versatile applications in nanomedicine, in particular utilized in tumor immunotherapy in the following ways: 1) acting as a biocompatible nanocarrier to deliver immunotherapeutic agents for tumor immunotherapy; 2) serving as an adjuvant to regulate tumor immune microenvironment and enhance immunotherapy; 3) activating host's immune system through the cGAS‐STING pathway to trigger tumor immunotherapy; 4) real‐time monitoring tumor immunotherapy effect by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) since Mn2+ ions are ideal MRI contrast agent which can significantly enhance the T1‐weighted MRI signal after binding to proteins. This comprehensive review focuses on the most recent progress of Mn‐based nanoplatforms in tumor immunotherapy. The characteristics of Mn are first discussed to guide the design of Mn‐based multifunctional nanoplatforms. Then the biomedical applications of Mn‐based nanoplatforms, including immunotherapy alone, immunotherapy‐involved multimodal synergistic therapy, and imaging‐guided immunotherapy are discussed in detail. Finally, the challenges and future developments of Mn‐based tumor immunotherapy are highlighted.
Optical Memory, Switching, and Neuromorphic Functionality in Metal Halide Perovskite Materials and Devices
Authors: Vats Gaurav , Hodges Brett , Ferguson Andrew J. , Wheeler Lance M. , Blackburn Jeffrey L.
Published: September 2022

Metal halide perovskite based materials have emerged over the past few decades as remarkable solution‐processable optoelectronic materials with many intriguing properties and potential applications. These emerging materials have recently been considered for their promise in low‐energy memory and information processing applications. In particular, their large optical cross‐sections, high photoconductance contrast, large carrier‐diffusion lengths, and mixed electronic/ionic transport mechanisms are attractive for enabling memory elements and neuromorphic devices that are written and/or read in the optical domain. Here, recent progress toward memory and neuromorphic functionality in metal halide perovskite materials and devices where photons are used as a critical degree of freedom for switching, memory, and neuromorphic functionality is reviewed.
Nanomaterials‐Mediated Co‐Stimulation of Toll‐Like Receptors and CD40 for Antitumor Immunity
Authors: Yan Jingyue , Zhang Yuebao , Du Shi , Hou Xucheng , Li Wenqing , Zeng Chunxi , Zhang Chengxiang , Cheng Jeffrey , Deng Binbin , McComb David W. , Zhao Weiyu , Xue Yonger , Kang Diana D. , Cheng Xiaolin , Dong Yizhou
Published: September 2022

Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) and CD40‐related signaling pathways represent critical bridges between innate and adaptive immune responses. Here, an immunotherapy regimen that enables co‐stimulation of TLR7/8‐ and CD40‐mediated pathways is developed. TLR7/8 agonist resiquimod (R848) derived amino lipids, RAL1 and RAL2, are synthesized and formulated into RAL‐derived lipid nanoparticles (RAL‐LNPs). The RAL2‐LNPs show efficient CD40 mRNA delivery to DCs both in vitro (90.8 ± 2.7%) and in vivo (61.3 ± 16.4%). When combined with agonistic anti‐CD40 antibody, this approach can produce effective antitumor activities in mouse melanoma tumor models, thereby suppressing tumor growth, prolonging mouse survival, and establishing antitumor memory immunity. Overall, RAL2‐LNPs provide a novel platform toward cancer immunotherapy by integrating innate and adaptive immunity.
Room Temperature Phase Transition of W‐Doped VO2 by Atomic Layer Deposition on 200 mm Si Wafers and Flexible Substrates
Authors: Sun Kai , Wheeler Callum , Hillier James A. , Ye Sheng , Zeimpekis Ioannis , Urbani Alessandro , Kalfagiannis Nikolaos , Muskens Otto L. , de Groot Cornelis H. (Kees)
Published: September 2022

The unique structural transition of VO2 between dielectric and metallic phases has significant potential in optical and electrical applications ranging from volatile switches and neuromorphic computing to smart devices for thermochromic control and radiative cooling. Critical condition for their widespread implementation is scalable deposition method and reduction of the phase transition to near room temperature. Here, a W:VO2 process based on atomic layer deposition (ALD) is presented that enables precise control of W‐doping at the few percent level, resulting in a viable controllable process with sufficient W incorporation into VO2 to reduce the phase transition to room temperature. It is demonstrated that the incorporation of 1.63 at.% W through ALD growth leads to a state‐of‐the‐art phase transition at 32 °C with emissivity contrast between the low‐temperature and high‐temperature phase exceeding 40% in a metasurface‐based radiative cooling device configuration. The process is shown to be viable on 200 mm silicon substrates as well as flexible polyimide films. The full and self‐consistent temperature‐dependent characterization of the W‐doped VO2 using spectroscopic ellipsometry, electrical conductivity, mid‐wave infrared camera, and Fourier transform infrared emissivity, allows for a fully validated material model for the theoretical design of various smart and switchable device applications.
Enhanced Targeting, Retention, and Penetration of Amphotericin B Through a Biomimetic Strategy to Treat Against Vulvovaginal Candidiasis
Authors: Lin Yijing , Yin Qingqing , Zhuge Deli , Hu Yiqin , Yang Xuewei , Tian Dongyan , Li Li , Wang Haonan , Liu Shuangshuang , Weng Cuiye , Zhang Xufei , Wen Bin , Wang Fang , Yan Linzhi , Chen Mengchun , Wang Ledan , Chen Yijie
Published: September 2022

An effective therapeutic strategy to treat vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) that is mainly caused by Candida albicans (C. albicans) infection is highly desirable. While Amphotericin B (AmB) has demonstrated promise, its precise localization to C. albicans burden at vaginal sites is oftentimes limited by the high fluidity microenvironment of the vagina, which can compromise treatment efficacy. To overcome this issue, a biomimetic AmB delivery system is developed, in which AmB preloaded polymeric cores are cloaked with vaginal epithelial cells membrane (VM‐ANP). With its cell membrane coating, VM‐ANP naturally targets and strongly binds with C. albicans, thus resisting the self‐cleaning of vaginal fluid. Besides its long retention property, VM‐ANP could penetrate deeply in vaginal tissue to achieve its full antifungal potential by attaching to hidden C. albicans. It is shown that both C. albicans suspension and biofilm biomass could be effectively inhibited by the VM‐ANP in vitro. In a C. albicans intravaginal infection model, treatment with VM‐ANP results in significantly decreased fungal challenges both in vaginal tissue and fluid. Overall, such biomimetic strategy adds the merit of natural cell membrane into the targeted delivery of drug in treating VVC, which also serves as a promising platform against vaginitis‐related pathogens.
US domestic workers' willingness to accept agricultural field jobs
Authors: Luckstead Jeff , Nayga Rodolfo M. , Snell Heather A.
Published: September 2022

Worker scarcity in US agricultural field jobs has occurred often, particularly before COVID‐19. Because US domestic workers typically forgo field jobs, their participation could potentially alleviate the scarcity. We implement an attribute‐based discrete choice experiment administered before and during COVID‐19 to evaluate US domestic workers' willingness to accept field jobs and valuation for non‐pecuniary benefits. Domestic workers' average pre‐pandemic reservation wage rate of $23.57 per hour was 68% larger than the 2019 national average field‐worker wage of $13.99. Non‐pecuniary benefits (insurance, housing, food allowance, and transportation) lower their reservation wage. Respondents' willingness to accept agricultural field work increased during the COVID‐19 pandemic.