bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENDAPATAN KELUARGA DENGAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA SMK TELADAN MEDAN
Authors: Simatupang Dorlince
Published: January 2021

This research aim at: (1) obtaining data on level of family income gradeII students of SMK of FieldByword, (2) findingout achievement of the student grade II SMK offield Byword and,(3)finding  out whetherlevel of family income related with student’s achievement of grade II SMK of Field by word. The research population is student of grade II SMK of Field Byword amount to 50 people, and employing total sampling. Data collecting is used by a Questionnare. Data are analyzed with correlation test (r) and test the level significant 95%. The data analyzedwith correlation test and continued with the test of significant correlation (t) indicate that the correlation coefficient between level of family income with the achievement (rxy) is equal to 0,809 and result of test t calculated: 9,47 and t tables of: 1,68. From the test result that t calculated is bigger than tables of N with the level of significant 95%. T calculated from t off hence hypothesis (ho) refused and alternative hypothesis (ha) accepted. This means that level of family income have positive relation with the student achievement. The result of this research indicate that family income with the mean score 2,76 and correlation coefficient indicate that the level of family incomegive significant contribution to student’s achievement. Thereby result of this research indicate that the level family income represent one of determinant aspect in improving student’s achievement.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial
Authors: Julinar Julinar
Published: January 2021

This study uses an action research in implementing a ‘picture to picture’ model of cooperative learning in the teaching-learning of Social Sciences. The learning model can provide an opportunity for pupils to try and interpret the materials, ideas and opinions in line with their capability and potency through observation and interpretation media of images. The research was conducted to 25 of pupils grade 3 at the Primary School of Tanah Baru in Regency of Southeast Aceh in the school year of 2012/2013, with the subject matter regarding natural and artificial environments. As in knowing in teaching, Standard of Competency and Basic Competency of Social Science is full of materials with a wider and memorized scope. It causes lower achieving in learning at the school, showing by monthly test as its result of 83,34 percent pupils obtained the Minimal Passing Score. While only 16,67 percent of them reached Minimal Passing Score with the average score of 4,83. Based on the finding, it could be concluded that the ‘picture to picture’ model of cooperative learning impacts positively in elevating pupils achievement in learning marked by increasing in passing of learning on every cycle, such as 64.00 percent in the first , 76.00 in the second and 88.00 percent in the third cycle.
Pemanfaatan Batok Kelapa menjadi Cinderamata sebagai Alternatif Penanggulangan Kemiskinan
Authors: Rosramadhana Rosramadhana , Harahap Anisa Rodia
Published: January 2021

Poverty can be  solved by various ways in which one of them conducted by using coconut shells  to be souvenirs that based on cultural values as an alternative method in decreasing poverty. Management of production does not spend more cost as the material used also could be found easily. Beside to help elevating economic of household producers, it also could be synergy with ‘go green’ program in recycling waste of coconut shells converting to high value objects. The souvenirs which have been produced, firstly would be sold to stakeholders such as wealther local communities, Non Governmental Organizations (NGOs), Regional-Owned Enterprise (ROEs), State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs), universities, and exported abroad.  Finally, using coconut shells to be cultural souvenirs, will have helped the Indonesia people as well as to know and to hold their culture
Seni Pertunjukan Kuda Kepang Abadi di Desa Tanjung Morawa A, Medan - Sumatera Utara
Authors: Prastiawan Inggit
Published: January 2021

This research focuses on the ‘plaited horse dance’ Abadi Performing Arts in Tanjung Morawa A, Medan City North Sumatra, which is still alive, although it has been too long and too far from the origin. The horse dance has passed down by the descant of Javanese which have lived in North Sumatra for several generations. As common sense that the performing art has spread widely to several region out of Indonesia brought by Javanese people as migrant such as in Malaysia, Suriname, Hongkong, Japan, and United States of America. It is considered as one of Javanese arts which brought by Javanese wherever we live in line with their migration purposes area. Javanese community overseas, usually still hold the horse dance performing art for event related to the human cycle of life, including as part of their ritual ceremony or merely such entertainment for the people. In 1st suro (muharram, the first month in islamic calendar) commemoration, the horse dance performing art usually also staged.
Perbaikan Hasil Belajar Laporan Keuangan pada Mata Pelajaran Ekonomi melalui Metode Inkuiri
Authors: Nuraidah Sitepu
Published: January 2021

This research aims to boosts learning outcome by using method of inquiry on the subject of Economy at grade XI in SMA 12 of Medan in 2013/2014 school year. The teaching method used was method of inquiry. Whereas the tools of collecting data used were obser-vation and essay test at the and of interfering class had done. The research consists of two cycle, which both the first and second cycle consists of the problems and steps of planning, implementing, observating, data analysing and reflecting. The result of research shows that using method of inquiry on subject of Economy can be elevate learning outcome of students at grade XI in SMA 12 of Medan in the 2013/2014 school year. It can be viewed by average of the first test score of 42.1 with passing level of 10.5 percent. Yet after treating class of first cycle, average score of students’ learning achievement increased on 61.6 with completing learning level on 31.6 percent. While in the second cycle students’ average score climbed to 78.9 with completing learning level on 86.8 percent. Then it can be infered that using method of inquiry on subject of Economy could be elevate learning incomes of students at class XI in SMA 12 of Medan.
Meningkatkan Kreativitas Siswa pada Nilai-Nilai Demokrasi dan Hak Azasi Manusia
Authors: Lumbangaol Rumondang
Published: January 2021

The subject of this research is 24 students at class Natural Science-3 grade XII, while the subject is Teaching method of Tasking, as data collected by using observation list and questionaire. Based on pre test to 24 students, resulting 10 students obtained lower score and 11 students reached middle score, and only 3 students achieved good score with average score of 62.83 percent. Then in the first cycle of treatment, resulting 6 student were predicated good score, 12 students were predicated middle score, and the rest 6 students were predicated lower score with average score of 75.95 percent. In the second cycle of treatment, it climbs to 22 students reached good score, while 2 students obtained lower score, with average score of 86.16 percent. By the last questionaire, resulting 2 students got lower score, while 2 students got middle score and 20 students achieved good score, with average score of 88.08 percent. Based on the result of all first and second cycle, empirically proved that teaching method of tasking resulted increasing score significantly. Therefore, using teaching method of tasking could be elevate students’ creativity in the subject of Christian Religion at class Natural Science-3 grade XII in SMA 12 of Medan.
Meningkatkan Kreativitas Siswa dalam Menganalisis Kebebasan Pers dengan Metode Pemberian Tugas
Authors: Aritonang Hotman
Published: January 2021

The subject of this research is 43 persons of students at class of Natural Science-1 grade XII, as the object is Teaching Method of Tasking, with collecting data conducted by using observation list and questionaire. Based on the pre-test to 43 students, shows that 22 students (55.2 percent) obtained lower score of learning result, and only 15 students (34.8 percent) predicated middle level of creativity, and 6 students (14 percent) predicate good level of creativity, and the average score reached is 62.9 percent. In the first cycle, 8 students (18.6 percent) achieved good predicate of creativity, while 22 students (52.5) predicated middle level of creativity, and 13 students (30.2 percent) predicated lower level ofcreativity, by the average score of 65.4 percent. In the second cycle, there is increasing of score by 30 students (69.8 percent) predicated good level of creativity and the achieved average score of 82 percent. By questionaire in the last meeting, there is increasing on 35 students (81.4 percent) predicated good level of creativity and only 3 students (7 percent) predicated lower level of creativity and the obtained average score of 84.9 percent. Based on the research, from the first to second cycle, empirically proved there are increasing of learning result significantly. Therefore, using method of tasking can be elevate creativity of students on the subject of Civic Education in the class of Natural Science-1 grade XII SMA 12 of Medan.
Efektivitas Komunikasi Persuasif Pustakawan dan Komunikasi Pemasaran Perpustakaan Unimed terhadap Kepuasan Pengguna
Authors: Simahate Tessa
Published: January 2021

This research conducted in the State University of Medan, aims at under-standing : 1) the process of persuasive communication acted by librarian; 2) effectivity of marketing communication which is implemented by the library; 3) the library users satisfaction rate to the library services; 4) effectivity of persuasive communcation and marketing communcation to the user satis-faction. By using theory of marketing communication and theory of persua-sive communication, the fact findings being analyzed. The populatio of the research is all of registered members of the Unimed’s Library. Based on the adminstration data of the Library, its members amount 19,791. The sampel of the research number 392 of the population, which are selected by technique of purposive sampling. The result of the research represents that persuasive communication by librarian and marketing communication of Unimed’s Lib-rary positively impact to the users satisfaction of the Library.
ANALISIS KESULITAN MEMBACA PADA SISWA KELAS V SDI WAIROTANG
Authors: Sonya
Published: January 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kesulitan membaca yang di alami siswa kelas V SDI Wairotang dan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang menghambat siswa dalam  kesulitan membaca. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah guru dan siswa SDI Wairotang yang berkesulitan membaca. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan Miles and Huberman yaitu mereduksi data, menyajikan data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian yang menunjukkan kesulitan yang dialami siswa adalah membaca belum lancar, mengeja, dan penggunaan  tanda baca kurang tepat dan faktor-faktor yang menghambat siswa dalam membaca yakni kurangnya minat belajar membaca serta kurangnya dukungan keluarga dalam belajar membaca. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan maka dapat disimpulan bahwa kesulitan-kesulitan siswa dalam membaca dan faktor penghambat dalam membaca di kelas V SDI Wairotang yaitu: belum  lancar  membaca, mengeja dan penggunaan tanda baca yang kurang tepat serta kurangnya minat belajar membaca dan kurangnya dukungan keluarga dalam belajar membaca.
The impact of infrastructure investment on economic growth in the United Kingdom
Authors: Seidu Rafiu Dimeji , Young Bert Ediale , Robinson Herbert , Ryan Michael
Published: January 2021

Infrastructure investment has long been held as an accelerator or a driver of the economy. Internationally, the UK ranks poorly with the performance of infrastructure and ranks in the lower percentile for both infrastructure investment and GDP growth rate amongst comparative nations. Faced with the uncertainty of Brexit and the likely negative economic impact this will bring, infrastructure investment may be used to strengthen the UK economy. This study aims to examine how infrastructure funding impacts economic growth and how best the UK can maximize this potential by building on existing work.The research method is based on interviews carried out with respondents involved in infrastructure operating across various sectors. The findings show that investment in infrastructure is vital in the UK as it stimulates economic growth through employment creation due to factor productivity. However, it is critical for investment to be directed to regional opportunity areas with the potential to unlock economic growth and maximize returns whilst stimulating further growth to benefit other regions. There is also a need for policy consistency and to review UK infrastructure policy to streamline the process and to reduce cost and time overrun, with Brexit likely to impact negatively on infrastructure investment.
A Tenth-Century Fragment of the Metrical Calendar of Gambera from the Lake Constance Region
Authors: Katz Farley P.
Published: January 2021

The Gambera Missal is an illustrated missal written around 1500, now in the Archivio Capitolare at Casale Monferrato. The manuscript includes the text of a Latin metrical calendar (the “Metrical Calendar of Gambera” or MCG) which, based on the feasts included, was suggested to have been composed some 450 years earlier and had a connection to the Abbey of St. Gall. This article discusses a second witness to the MCG, a single leaf that was used as a binding for a seventeenth-century book. The fragment has metrical text and computistical data virtually identical to that in the Gambera manuscript, and a large Ottonian painted KL (for “Kalends”). Based on the handwriting and style of the initials, the fragment dates to the second-half of the tenth century, likely from the Lake Constance area.
Тарих-е милли: «своя история» в журнале «Шура»
Authors: Brileva Dilyara
Published: January 2021

The study deals with the formation of the idea of the national history among the Muslim Tatars of the Russian Empire in the periodicals in the early 20 century. The study's analysis is based on the materials of the journal "Shura" (1908-1917). Discussions about the history of the Turkic Tatars were built around the concepts of "our history" (tarihymyz) and "national history" (tarih-e milli and milli tarih). The ideas about "our history" in the journal "Shura" were formed through the construction of the "glorious history" of the Turks and the creation of the image of a civilized (madani) nation. Discussions about national history allow us to reveal whom the authors of the publications attributed to the category "our ancestors" and what traits were attributed to them. The interpretation of the Turko-Tatar history was considered to be distinctive for this periodical (A. Assmann).
The Challenges in Translating Indonesian Abstract Text to English
Authors: Jumiati Jumiati , Bali G Godefridus
Published: January 2021

The translation is a tool to communicate for people who have different languages. The translation makes it easier for them to understand what others say and get more information from the other languages, especially on the abstract that will help the researcher so that it is easy to get the desired information. In the abstract, their much information that gains for the researcher. Therefore, the researcher is dedicated to studying the challenges of translating.

This study aims to know the challenges in translating Indonesian abstract text to English faced by eight-semester students' of the English Department at Widya Gama Mahakam Samarinda. The subject used of the study was 8th-semester students in the English department of Widya Gama Mahakam Samarinda. There are five students as participants. The research design to use is qualitative. To collect the data, the researcher uses interview guidelines. The interview result showed that lexicon, grammar, element semantic, and translation style were the challenges in translating Indonesian abstract text to English.
Unplanned Reoperation And Interventional Radiology Post Appendicectomy: A Meta-Analysis
Authors:   Letterkenny University Hospital, Donegal, Ireland, Sugrue Michael
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Optimizing delivery of care to patients with appendicitis as part of an emergency general surgery care program is important. Appendicitis is one of commonest emergency surgical presentations and has significant potential morbidity and occasional mortality. Meta-analysis of reinterventions following appendicectomy has not been published. This meta-analysis evaluated the prevalence and potential predictors of reoperation and interventional radiological (IR) procedures post appendicectomy. Methods: A PROSPERO-registered (ID CRD42017069040) meta-analysis following PRISMA guidelines using databases PubMed and Scopus for studies between June 2012 to May 2017 was undertaken. Headings included “reoperation”, “return to operation theatre”, “complication”, “appendicectomy”, “outcome”, “abscess drainage”. Articles scoring ≥16 for comparative and ≥10 for non-comparative using MINORS criteria were included. Results: 2810 articles reviewed were reduced to 52 qualifying studies for a final analysis of 319,053 appendicectomies. Overall, 0.9% (range 0.0% to 14.2%) underwent some form of reintervention. The reoperation rate was 0.6% (range 0.0 to 14.2%) and radiologic drainage rate 1.5% (range 0.0% to 11.1%). Reoperations were significantly associated with a laparoscopic approach, earlier grade of appendicitis and not using drains. Laparoscopy conversion to open and the grade of surgeon performing the appendicectomy did not affect reintervention. Conclusion: This meta-analysis identified a small but notable reoperation and IR rate, significantly increased by complexity of appendicitis and open surgery. Strategies promoting for earlier presentation and diagnosis with laparoscopic approaches may improve overall outcomes.
Analisis Pengaruh Pajak Daerah dan Retribusi Daerah terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kota Magelang Tahun 2014-2018
Authors: Farianti Nurul Annisa
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh pajak daerah dan retribusi daerah terhadap pendapatan asli daerah di Kota Magelang.  Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini antara lain data pajak daeran, retribusi daerah dan pendapatan asli daerah Kota Magelang. Sedangkan metode untuk mengumpulkan data dengan menggunakan data sekunder metode time series yang diperoleh dari BPS Kota Magelang dan BPS Jawa Tengah periode pengamatan 2014-2018. Adapun metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode regresi linear berganda untuk mengetahui pengaruh secara parsial dan simultan pajak daerah dan retribusi daerah terhadap pendapatan asli daerah. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 1) Pajak daerah memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap pendapatan asli daerah. 2) Retribusi daerah memiliki pengaruh yang tidak signifikan terhadap pendapatan asli daerah. 3) Pajak daerah dan retribusi daerah secara simultan (bersama-sama) berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap pendapatan asli daerah.
Analisis Tailwind Penyebab Go-Around pada 38 Bandara di Indonesia dalam Periode Januari-Februari 2020
Authors: Rais Achmad Fahruddin , Wijayanto Bambang , Meinovelia Erika
Published: January 2021

Studi ini berfokus pada analisis tailwind penyebab go-around pada 38 bandara di Indonesia dalam periode Januari-Februari 2020. Dalam studi ini dilakukan perbandingan tailwind laporan pilot, tailwind observasi permukaan (10 m), dan tailwind pada ketinggian 1000 ft untuk mengetahui akurasi tailwind yang dilaporkan oleh pilot. Literatur menyebutkan bahwa angin kecepatan tinggi di troposfer bawah berkaitan dengan wind gust yang berasal dari awan cumulonimbus (Cb). Dengan dasar tersebut maka dilakukan analisis perbandingan laporan pilot terhadap keberadaan awan Cb sampai sejauh 40 km dari runway in use dengan menggunakan kombinasi kriteria brightness temperature difference (BTD) kanal IR1-IR2 dan brightness temperature (BT) kanal IR1 citra satelit Himawari-8. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tailwind laporan pilot lebih besar daripada tailwind angin permukaan dan 1000 ft, serta kebanyakan tailwind laporan pilot tersebut berkaitan dengan potensi wind gust yang muncul dari awan Cb baik di sekitar atau di luar runway.Kata kunci: Cumulonimbus, go-around, tailwind, wind gust. AbstractAn Analysis of Go-Around-Causing Tailwind at 38 Airports in Indonesia in the Period of January-February 2020: This study focused on analyzing the tailwind that causing go-around at 38 airports in Indonesia in the period of January to February 2020. We made a tailwind comparison of the pilot report, surface observation (10 m), and observation of 1000 ft to determine the accuracy of the tailwind reported by the pilot. The literature stated that high-speed winds in the lower troposphere were related to wind gust coming from cumulonimbus (Cb) clouds, so we compared pilot report to the presence of Cb clouds as far as 40 km from the runway in use by using a combination of brightness temperature difference (BTD) IR1-IR2 channels and brightness temperature (BT) IR1 channel of Himawari-8 satellite imagery. The results showed that the tailwind of the pilot report was larger than the tailwind of surface and 1000 ft observations and most of the tailwind was related to the potential wind gust that emerged from the Cb clouds either around or outside the runway.Keywords: Cumulonimbus, go-around, tailwind, wind gust.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP ANAK KORBAN PERDAGANGAN ORANG
Authors: Santosa Heri
Published: January 2021

Perdagangan Orang merupakan tindakan perekrutan, pengangkutan, penampungan, pengiriman, pemindahan, atau penerimaan seseorang dengan ancaman kekerasan, penggunaan kekerasan, penculikan, penyekapan, pemalsuan, penipuan, penyalahgunaan kekuasaan atau posisi rentan, penjeratan utang atau memberi bayaran atau manfaat, sehingga memperoleh persetujuan dari orang yang memegang kendali atas orang lain tersebut, baik yang dilakukan di dalam negara maupun antar negara, untuk tujuan eksploitasi atau mengakibatkan orang tereksploitasi, merupakan permasalahan yang harus segera dicarikan solusinya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan penulis adalah tipe penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan hukum  normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan anak dan perempuan yang banyak menjadi korban, karena merekalah yang sering menjadi sasaran dan dianggap paling rentan. Tujuannya penelitian ini agar  negara semakin melindungi anak-anak korban perdagangan orang dari pelaku perbuatan jahat tersebut sesuai Undang-Undang Nomer 35 Tahun 2014 tentang perubahan Undang-Undang Nomer 23 tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak.Kata Kunci : perlindungan hukum, anak, korban, perdagangan
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN METODE E-VOTING DALAM PELAKSANAAN PEMILIHAN KEPALA DESA MEGANG SAKTI IV KECAMATAN MEGANG SAKTI KABUPATEN MUSI RAWAS
Authors: Murahman Mardi , Usman Usman , Agustiansyah Agustiansyah
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini membahas implementasi kebijakan metode e-voting dalam pelaksanaan Pemilihan Kepala Desa Megang Sakti IV Kecamatan Megang Sakti Kabupaten Musi Rawas Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi kebijakan metode e-voting dalam pelaksanaan Pemilihan. Menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis kualitatif. Menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian implementasi kebijakan metode e-voting dalam pemilihan kepala desa Desa Megang Sakti belum sepenuhnya sesuai dengan Perbup. Musi Rawas Nomor 33 Tahun 2013 tentang Petunjuk Teknis Tata Cara Pencalonan, Pemilihan, Pengangkatan, Pelantikan dan Pemberhentian Kepala Desa dalam Kabupaten Musi Rawas. aspek yang belum sesuai yaitu prosedur dan proses pembentukan Panitia Pemilihan Kepala Desa Megang dan tahap pra-pelaksanaan pemilihan kepala desa.Kendala yang muncul dalam implementasi metode e-voting pada Pemilihan Kepala Desa Megang Sakti IV yaitu sosialisasi e-voting belum menyeluruh, belum maksimal, baik kepada panitia pilkades dan masyarakat, membuat implementasinya justru memperlambat proses pelaksanaan pemungutan suara dan pembiayaan pemilihan kepala desa Megang Sakti IV mengalami peningkatan jumlah nominal ketika menggunakan metode e-voting.Kata Kunci : implementasi kebijakan, metode e-voting
TANGGUNG JAWAB PIDANA PELAKU PENGEDAR OBAT CARNOPHEN YANG TELAH DICABUT IZIN EDARNYA
Authors: Rizky Muhammad Naufal
Published: January 2021

Obat Carnophen atau disebut obat Zenith adalah obat yang untuk memperolehnya harus menggunakan dengan resep dokter. Charnophen termasuk  dalam kelompok obat berbahaya yang dapat membahayakan kesehatan dan keselamatan manusia. Oleh karena itu obat Charnophen tersebut  telah dicabut izin edarnya dan dikembalikan ke Badan Pengawasan Obat dan Makanan. Efek yang dapat ditimbulkan oleh obat tersebut,  sehingga  ada yang menyalahgunakan sebagai pengganti Narkoba dan banyak oknum yang saat ini melakukan peredaran  obat tersebut secara illegal, karena obat tersebut sudah dilarang beredar di pasaran. Untuk melindungi masyarakat dari mengkonsumssi obat tersebut, maka pelaku harus mempertanggungjawabkan perbuatannya dan diberikan sanksi hukum. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normative dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil penelitian ini bahwa kepada pelaku pengedar obat Charnophen atau Zenith dapaat dijatuhi sanksi hukuman berdasarkan Undang Undang Nomor 36 Tahun 2009 tentang Kesehatan.Kata Kunci : Tanggungjawab, Pengedar, Obat Carnophen, Dicabut Izin Edarnya
WANPRESTASI DI DALAM PERJANJIAN SEWA MENYEWA TOKO ANTARA PENYEWA DENGAN PENYALUR BARANG KEPADA PIHAK KEDUA
Authors: Retnowati Tutiek , Boediningsih Widyawati
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis tentang perjanjian sewa menyewa yang berakibat wanprestasi antara  pihak pertama sebagai penyewa oper kontrak dengan  pihak  penyalur barang yang dapat merugikan pihak kedua sebagai penerima oper kontrak. Metode penelitian memakai penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konsep. Sewa menyewa diatur dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata (KUH Perdata),  bahwa  sewa-menyewa adalah suatu persetujuan di mana  pihak yang  satu  mengikatkan  dirinya untuk  memberikan  kenikmatan dari suatu barang dengan pembayaran suatu harga oleh pihak tersebut belakangan selama waktu tertentu ini disanggupi pembayarannya secara hukum. Ada perbedaan mendasar antara “mengulang-sewakan” dan “melepaskan sewa”. Mengulang-sewakan barang atau objek yang disewakan adalah suatu perbuatan yang dilarang secara hukum, yang sering dijumpai dalam oper kontrak atau mengulang-sewakan dan pihak pemilik tidak diberi tahu, kecuali jika diperjanjikan dengan tegas dalam perjanjian sewa sebelumnya dengan pemilik asal. Penelitian ini menghasilkan bahwa hak dan kewajiban penyewa dan yang menyewakan sangat diutamakan. Dengan adanya hal tersebut perselisihan sengketa dapat diselesaikan tanpa melalui jalur hukum, dan apabila terjadi wanprestasi, upaya penyelesaian yang dapat dilakukan para pihak penyelesaiannya berdasarkan kekeluargaan atau konsiliasi, karena jika melalui pengadilan akan menghabiskan banyak biaya dan memakan waktu yang cukup lama. Kata Kunci : Wanprestasi,  Sewa-menyewa, Penyalur Barang
Riska Sri Agustin* PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA PEMALSUAN AKTA OTENTIK YANG DIGUNAKAN SEBAGAI DASAR PENGAJUAN SERTIFIKAT H
Authors: Agustin Riska Sri
Published: January 2021

Pemindahan hak milik atas tanah yang dilakukan karena perbuatan hukum berupa jual beli membutuhkan berkas-berkas yang menjadi syarat pengajuan peralihan sertifikat hak milik atas tanah. Salah satunya yaitu akta otentik berupa akta jual beli yang dibuat oleh Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah (PPAT). Dalam menjalankan tugasnya, seorang PPAT seringkali dibantu oleh pegawai yang diberi tugas salah satunya yaitu membuat  akta jual beli. Namun seringkali terdapat tindakan pegawai PPAT berupa pemalsuan akta otentik berupa akta jual beli. Sehingga dengan diterbitkannya sertifikat hak milik dengan dasar akta jual beli palsu tersebut dapat merugikan pihak lain. Penelitian ini menggunkaan tipe penelitian hukum normatif yang menggunakan pendekatan kasus dan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pertanggungjawaban pidana pegawai PPAT yang melakukan tindak pidana pemalsuan akta otentik dan perlindungan hukum bagi pihak yang dirugikan atas terbitnya sertifikat hak milik yang diajukan dengan dasar akta jual beli palsu.Kata kunci : Pemalsuan Surat, Akta Otentik, Sertifikat.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS IN RUSSIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE IN RUSSIA AND IN CHINA
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg State University, YUSUFU Aiyisha
Published: January 2021

Statement of the problem. The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of educational programs in the Russian language at universities in China and Russia on the example of the Chinese “Curriculum for the Russian language for higher educational institutions” (2012) and the Russian “Linguodidactic program in Russian as a foreign language. Elementary level (A1). Basic level (A2). The first certification level (B1)” (2017). The main sections of the curriculum, related to the description of the goals and content of training, act as a guideline for both teachers and authors of textbooks. At the same time, Russian language curricula aimed at Chinese students at universities in Russia and China differ in their content. The purpose of the article is to compare the goals and content of teaching Russian to Chinese students in China and Russia. Methodology (material and methods). The material of the research was the Chinese “Curriculum for the Russian language for higher educational institutions” published by the Publishing House for Research and Teaching Foreign Languages ​​of China and the “Linguodidactic Program in Russian as a Foreign Language. Elementary level (A1). Basic level (A2). First certification level (B1)”. In the course of the study, the method of comparative analysis was used. Research results. The study revealed the similarities and differences in the goals and content of teaching aspects of the language and types of speech activity for Chinese students in two countries, an attempt was made to explain these similarities and differences. The research results can be used in teaching Russian to Chinese students. Conclusion. It has been established that the difficulties experienced by Chinese students in the study of the Russian language in Russian universities are not only subjective, but also objective. They are conditioned by the conditions of education (in the linguistic environment or outside it) and different linguodidactic traditions. This is revealed in the course of the analysis of the curriculum aimed at Chinese students studying Russian language: the authors of the Chinese program focus on teaching grammar and writing, while the authors of the Russian program emphasize on teaching oral speech.
MARKET OVERREACTION PADA BURSA EFEK INDONESIA DENGAN SIZE EFFECT SEBAGAI VARIABEL PEMODERASI
Authors: Tanady Melisa , Sukamulja Sukmawati
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine market overreaction phenomenon and market overreaction impact on abnormal return that moderated by size effect of LQ45 index between five years period (2015-2019). Secondary data on Indonesian Stock Exchange website are taken as samples.  Wilcoxon test and interaction effects regression test are used to prove the evidences. The Wilcoxon test is developed in order to confirm that market overreaction occurs on winner and loser portfolio. The result shows that market overreaction occurs in the short and long term. Interaction effects regression test shows the size effect as moderating variable does not strengthen or weaken the relationship of market overreaction to abnormal returns. The findings show that company size has an independent effect, which means abnormal returns are more common in large companies. Size effect concept does not occur in the Indonesia Stock Exchange, especially the firms that always in the LQ45 index during the period of research.
EFFECT OF GROSS DOMESTIC REGIONAL BRUTO, PROVINCIAL MINIMUM WAGE, AND INVESTMENT ON LABOR ABSORPTION
Authors: Jaya Tiara Juliana , Kholilah Kholilah
Published: January 2021

The unemployment rate in Indonesia is a classic problem that continues to be reviewed. This study aims to determine the impact of gross domestic product, provincial minimum wage, and labor absorption investment. This research uses quantitative methods and panel data analysis, which is processed using eviews 10, conducted in six provinces in Java in 2013-2019. The study used secondary data from the central statistics agency: labor absorption data, gross regional domestic product, and the provincial minimum wage (UMP). At the same time, investment data obtained the value of domestic investment and foreign investment. The results showed that PDRB and investment had a positive effect on labor absorption. In contrast to these two variables, UMP negatively affects labor absorption. The results of this study are essential for policymakers on labor issues in Indonesia. The suggestion for the next research is to use a broader scope, namely Indonesia. Besides, it is necessary to distinguish the workforce into an educated workforce, a trained workforce, an uneducated workforce, and an untrained workforce.
Green Synthesis: Novel method for Substituted Anilines from its Benzyl Azides
Authors: Gondi Sudershan Reddy
Published: January 2021

A unique and novel synthetic method was developed to generate substitutedanilines from its benzyl azides having ortho/para electron withdrawing group (EWG),and when these groups are at meta position gives aldehyde, instead. This approach isan inexpensive, simple, fast, efficient at room temperature. This protocol is easilyamenable to large scale preparation.
Enabling in vivo Photocatalytic Activation of Rapid Bioorthogonal Chemistry by Repurposing Si-Rhodamine Fluorophores as Cytocompatible Far-Red Photocatalysts
Authors: Wang Chuanqi , Zhang He , Zhang Tao , Zou Xiaoyu , Wang Hui , Rosenberger Julia , Vannam Raghu , Trout William , Jia Xinqiao , Li Zibo , Fox Joseph
Published: January 2021

Chromophores that absorb in the tissue-penetrant far-red/near-infrared window have long served as photocatalysts for the generation of singlet oxygen for photodynamic therapy. However, the cytotoxicity and side-reactions associated with singlet oxygen sensitization have posed a problem for using long wavelength photocatalysis to initiate other types of chemical reactions in biological environments. Described here is the use of Si-Rhodamine (SiR) dyes as photocatalysts for inducing rapid bioorthogonal chemistry using 660 nm light through the oxidation of a dihydrotetrazine to a tetrazine in the presence of trans-cyclooctene dienophiles. SiRs have been commonly used as fluorophores for applications in biology, but have not previously been applied to catalyze chemical reactions. A dihydrotetrazine/tetrazine pair is described that displays high stability in both oxidation states. A series of SiR derivatives were evaluated, and the Janelia-SiR dyes were found to be especially effective in catalyzing rapid photooxidation at low catalyst loadings (typically 1 µM). A protein that was site-selectively modified by trans-cyclooctene was quantitively conjugated upon exposure to 660 nm light and a dihydrotetrazine. By contrast, a previously described methylene blue catalyst was found to rapidly degrade the protein. SiR-red light photocatalysis was used to crosslink hyaluronic acid derivatives that were functionalized by dihydrotetrazine and trans-cyclooctenes, enabling 3D culture of human prostate cancer cells. This photoinducible hydrogel formation could also be carried out in vivo in live mice through subcutaneous injection of a solution containing SiR photocatalyst and a Cy7-labeled hydrogel precursor, followed by brief in vivo irradiation with 660 nm light to produce a stable hydrogel material. This cytocompatible method for using red light photocatalysis to activate bioorthogonal chemistry is anticipated to find broad applications where spatiotemporal control is needed in the in vivo environment.
Synthesis and Reactivity of (N2P2)Ni Complexes Stabilized by a Novel Diphosphonite Pyridinophane Ligand
Authors: Fuchigami Kei , Watson Michael B. , Tran Giang N. , Rath Nigam P. , Mirica Liviu M.
Published: January 2021

A series of (N2P2)NiII complexes (N2P2 = P,P’-ditertbutyl-2,11-diphosphonito[3.3](2,6)pyridinophane) stabilized by a modified tetradentate pyridinophane ligand containing two phosphonite groups were synthesized and characterized. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) studies revealed the accessibility of the NiI oxidation state at moderate redox potentials for these NiII complexes. In situ EPR, low-temperature UV-vis, and electrochemical studies were employed to detect the formation of NiI species during the reduction of NiII precursors. Furthermore, the [(N2P2)NiI(CNtBu)](SbF6) complex was isolated upon reduction of the NiII precursor with 1 equiv of CoCp2, and was characterized by EPR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Finally, the (N2P2)NiIIBr2 complex acts as an efficient catalyst for the Kumada cross-coupling of an aryl halide with an aryl or alkyl Grignard, suggesting that the N2P2 ligand can support the various Ni species involved in the catalytic C-C bond formation reactivity.
تحليل وقياس أثر الصدمات الإقتصادية على النمو الإقتصادي في العراق للمدة (2004-2018)
Authors: سفر جعفر , ظاهر عبدالحميد
Published: January 2021

يهدف هذا البحث الى دراسة إلى تحديد أثر الصدمات الإقتصادية على النمو الإقتصادي في العراق خلال المدة (2004-2018)، وقد تم تحديد أهم العوامل التي تؤثر في النمو الإقتصادي، والمتمثلة في أسعار النفط، سعر الصرف، الديون الخارجية والإنفتاح التجاري ، وهي تمثل المتغيرات المستقلة للأنموذج المستخدم،  بينما تم التعبير عن النمو الاقتصادي بالناتج المحلي الإجمالي بوصفه متغيراً تابعاً. وقد تم أستخدام طريقة المربعات الصغرى الإعتيادية في تقدير معلمات الأنموذج. كما تم الإستعانة بإختبار جذر الوحدة، وإختبار التكامل المشترك. وقد تم تقدير دوال إستجابة النبضة لتحديد أثر الصدمات الاقتصادية على الاقتصاد العراقي خلال مدة الدراسة. وقد تبين من نتائج التقدير أن السلسلة الزمنية للدراسة قد استقرت بعد أخذ الفروق الأولى، كذلك وجود تكامل مشترك، أي أن هناك علاقة توازنية طويلة الأجل بين المتغيرات المستخدمة، كما تبين أن أثر الصدمات الإقتصادية الناتجة عن تقلبات أسعار النفط العالمي كان واضحاً على النمو الإقتصادي في العراق.
Formulation and Characterization of Glucosamine Sulphate Loaded Carbopol Based Hydrogels for the Management of Osteoarthritis
Authors: Sundareswara Kumar Chellaswamy  , Satheesh Babu Natrajan
Published: January 2021

Osteoarthritis is emerging as the most ordinary form of arthritis, affecting 22-39% of the Indian population. A wide range of medications and therapies are available for the treatment of osteoarthritis. With a desire to develop a therapeutically effective dosage form, the present study was carried out to formulate glucosamine sulfate loaded carbopol based hydrogel. Hydrogels H1 to H6 were formulated without permeation enhancers while formulations H7 to H12 were developed with a different class of permeation enhancers such as PEG400, oleic acid, Tween 40, DMSO and PG. Based on viscosity, it was detected that formulation H4 containing polymer 1% was ideal for incorporating drug. Considering H4 as a placebo, H6 was used for further evaluation. Drug content was found to be 99.2±0.64, with in vitro  drug release of 15±0.86, 22±1.59, 28±0.72, 35±0.68, 40±0.31, 47±0.83, 58±1.59, and 70±0.9 % at a duration of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 hours respectively. Skin irritation tests carried out on Wistar rats revealed that skin was intact with no inflammation or erythema detected, compared to untreated site. By diffusion disc method, it was evident that the levels of microbial load were relatively low, and no harmful microorganisms were identified. There were no significant changes in physicochemical properties on stability studies. Due to a simple method of preparation and effective drug delivery, glucosamine sulfate loaded hydrogels could be contemplated as a prominent formulation in the beneficiary treatment of osteoarthritis.
In vitro synthesis of berberine, a pharmacologically important isoquinoline alkaloid in callus cultures of Tinospora cordifolia
Authors: Eshwar Adithya  , Narasimhan S
Published: January 2021

Callus cultures were raised from young green leaf segments of the medicinal climber Tinospora cordifolia in Murashige and Skoog’s media containing different growth regulator regime. The in vitro callus cultures were analysed for the accumulation of active principle through high-performance liquid chromatography. Quantitative analysis of berberine was achieved by thin-layer chromatography and UV-absorbance method. Callus cultures accumulated an appreciable amount of berberine. A maximum of 355 μg/g dry wt accumulation of berberine was noted when the callus was grown in the presence of 2 mg/l 2, 4-D and 0.1 mg/l BA. However, maximum callus growth was achieved in the presence of 0.5 mg/l BA and 2 mg/l 2,4-D. Maximum tissue growth didn't favour an increased accumulation of the berberine. Enhanced accumulation of berberine was found when callus growth was less and therefore may be associated with the stress faced by in vitro tissues. The experimental results indicate that it is desirable to adopt two different growth regulator regime - one for accelerated callus growth and another for enhanced in vitro synthesis of berberine. The in vitro cultures of T. cordfiolia also offers an ideal system for understanding the studies on elucidating alternate routes of berberine biosynthetic pathway as well as possible elite cells for scaling up of berberine.
Influence of the span 80/Gelatin B combination on the formulation and stabilization of Argan oil-in-water emulsions
Authors: Aicha Fahry  , Yassir El Alaoui  , Younes Rahali  , Nawal Charkaoui  , Abdelkader Laatiris
Published: January 2021

The present study aims to evaluate the effect of the combination of a linear protein: Gelatin type B and an oil-soluble emulsifier Span 80 (sorbitan monooleate) in the stabilization of argan oil-in-water emulsions. For this purpose, the emulsifiying properties of Gelatin itself with Argan oil as lipid phase were investigated first, by preparing oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions containing 10  wt%.  Argan oil and varying Gelatin concentrations (0.5-2 % w/w), we have also formulated Argan O/W emulsions by span 80 alone at levels ranging from 1 to 6 wt%. Subsequentely, we explored the influence of the simultaneous application of the Span 80 and the gelatine on the stability properties and on the droplets size of Argan O/W emulsions, using different mixtures of the two emulsifiers. We compared the stability properties (flocculation, creaming, and phase separation) of argan O/W emulsions prepared with type B gelatine as the only emulsifier with those of emulsions prepared with span 80 and mixture of gelatin/Span. For stable emulsions, our analysis was completed with measurement of droplets size and Zeta Potential. Finally, all of the experimental results and the storage time showed that the emulsions prepared by 10 wt% argan oil and 2 (w/w) % Gelatin+ 3 wt% Span 80 were the most stable with optimum conditions for minimal creaming, small droplets size (size <1µm) and high net droplet charge (absolute value of ZP > 23). The presence of span 80 in coexistence with gelatin, even in small quantitiees, has a profound influence on the stability of the argan O/W emulsions.
DARKNESS TO LIGHT
Authors: Dutta Kakoli
Published: January 2021

This story can somehow be referred to as an autobiography. I wrote it based on the pandemic started by the novel corona virus and the situation I experienced. In this pandemic everyone’s eyes are dazzled with fear.
HOW WAS YOUR LIFE IN LOCKDOWN
Authors: RUHINA SYEDA
Published: January 2021

The whole world has come to standstill because of Corona Virus. Over 90% of worlds students have missed out on school. Because of corona virus children everywhere had their lives turned upside down. Right now, their future hangs in the balance as a student heard about corona virus in detail from my teachers.
THE STUDENT’S TALE: LOCKDOWN 2020
Authors: SULTAN SYED
Published: January 2021

’How we wake up each day and our morning routine dramatically affects our level of success in every single area of our life ‘’ once said by HARPER SPERO. On 23rd March 2020 onwards many people rejected their routine work because of the Pandemic COVID -19 conquering globally and the Government called for an emergency lockdown.
A TALE TO TELL
Authors: Mehta Arundhati , Mehta Aishwarya
Published: January 2021

It all started coming into our mind when we were meant to stay in a room bickering about what to do next and imagining questions like why dad is in all the time? Why Girja and Kanta Bai was not coming to do chores? Why our houses were being stocked? Etc.
Novos debates sobre as migrações climáticas e sua regulação internacional
Authors: Contipelli Ernani , Menezes Daniel Francisco Nagao , Giordani Thaís
Published: January 2021

As migrações humanas induzidas pela mudança e variabilidade climática têm aumentado exponencialmente nas últimas décadas. A pesquisa em questão possui a finalidade de arguir as divergências terminológicas acerca dos refugiados (ou deslocados) ambientais, bem como sua importância para um reconhecimento jurídico global, após, discutir o nexo de causalidade entre as referidas migrações com as mudanças climáticas, para então adentrar na discussão sobre a Legislação Ambiental Internacional acerca dos Refugiados Ambientais. Na pesquisa, chegou-se a conclusão que, tanto o Estatuto dos Refugiados (1951) e seu Protocolo (1967) permitem uma interpretação ampliativa do conceito de refugiado de maneira a contemplar o refugiado climático. A metodologia adotada para a presente pesquisa é bibliográfica, caracterizada como dedutiva, qualitativa e teórica.
Environmental law & competition law: conflicts & complementarities from an environmental economics perspective
Authors: Araujo Romana Coêlho de , Nogueira Jorge Madeira
Published: January 2021

The aim of this paper is to evaluate whether environmental restrictions or requirements are considered in competition law. Common sense conceives that a company that bears costs of complying with environmental requirements experiences increased costs and seeks to transfer it to the prices of its products. A possible consequence of this behavior is its effects upon the competitive position of the company in the market. Thus, the interface between environmental requirements and competition law is enhanced.  Companies that disobeyed environmental regulations would have a hypothetical competitive advantage over companies in the same sector that obeyed it. Would this situation require (greater) oversight of compliance with environmental laws for all companies to observe and comply with such legislation? Or, alternatively, is it necessary to aggravate/mitigate penalties in competition law of those who have failed/fulfilled in environmental law? In this context, the paper focuses on the second question and investigates environmental implications of competition law. It initially shows that there is no immediate response in the specialized literature. We review legal and economic references to display arguments of those scholars who believe that a certain dialogue between the environment and competition is possible and of those scholars that, on the other hand, understand that they are elements not compatible or even conflicting. Finally, we estimate economic costs of the mutual lack of attention between these two branches of law using case studies from the Brazilian reality.