bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OPTIMASI PEMBUATAN NANOEMULSI VIRGIN COCONUT OIL
Authors: Listyorini N. M. D. , Wijayanti N. L. P. D. , Astuti K. Widnyani
Published: September 2018

Penelitian ini mempelajari optimasi pembuatan nanoemulsi menggunakan virgin coconut oil (VCO) yang bertujuan untuk memperoleh perbandingan minyak (VCO), surfaktan dan kosurfaktan yang dapat membentuk nanoemulsi yang memenuhi persyaratan menggunakan Self Nano-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS). Metode yang digunakan adalah Spontaneous Emulsification yang termasuk ke dalam SNEDDS. Perbandingan yang digunakan dalam nanoemulsi yaitu minyak (VCO): surfaktan (Cremophor RH40 atau Tween 20): kosurfaktan (PEG 400 atau etanol): fase air (akua deion) dengan perbandingan (1:8:1):5, (1:7:2):5 dan (2:7:1):5 yang menghasilkan 12 buah formula. Dilakukan uji evaluasi berupa uji stabilitas isik dan persen transmitan ke-12 formula. Diperoleh 2 formula yang dilanjutkan untuk uji zeta potensial dan ukuran partikel yaitu F2 dan F7. Uji zeta potensial F2 (0,14 mV) dan F7 (0,48 mV) serta uji ukuran partikel F2 (20,8 nm) dan F7 (20,6 nm). Berdasarkan hasil uji evaluasi yang dilakukan maka diperoleh dua formula yaitu F2 (VCO: Cremophor RH40: PEG 400 (1: 8:1)) dan F7 (VCO: Cremophor RH40: Etanol (1: 7: 2)) yang sesuai persyaratan untuk menghasilkan nanoemulsi yang baik.
PENENTUAN KANDUNGAN TOTAL FLAVONOID DAN TOTAL FENOL DARI AKAR KERSEN (Mutingia calabura) SERTA AKTIVITASNYA SEBAGAI ANTIOKSIDAN
Authors: Senet M. R. M. , Raharja I G. M. A. P. , Darma I K. T. , Prastakarini K. T. , Dewi N. M. A. , Parwata I M. Oka Adi
Published: September 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar fenol dan flavonoid total dari ekstrak akar kersen serta aktivitas antioksidannya. Hasil ekstraksi 1 kg akar kersen menghasilkan ekstrak etanol (30,56 g), kloroform (6,52 g), etilasetat (6,1 g), n-butanol (3,21 g) dan air (4,65 g). Penapisan fitokimia menunjukkan ekstrak yang positif flavonoid adalah ekstrak air, kloroform, etanol dan etil asetatsedangkankelimaekstrak tersebut positif mengandung polifenol.  Ekstrak etanol, n-butanol, kloroform, etil asetat, dan air memiliki kandungan total fenol berturut-turut yaitu 12,62%, 3,81%, 6,12%, 8,75%, dan 11,93%. Kandungan flavonoid pada ekstrak etanol, kloroform, etil asetat, dan air berturut-turut yaitu 0,22%, 0,05%, 0,12%, dan 0,03%. Aktivitas antioksidan pada ekstrak etanol diukur dengan metode DPPH dan dinyatakan dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 36,44 ppm
PERBANDINGAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI MINYAK ATSIRI DAUN, TANGKAI BUNGA DAN BUNGA CENGKEH BALI (Syzygium aromaticum L.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Propionibacterium acne DENGAN METODE DIFUSI DISK
Authors: Lova I. P. S. T. , Wijaya W. A. , Paramita N. L. P. V. , Putra A. A. R. Y.
Published: September 2018

Propionibacterium acnes adalah bakteri anaerob gram positif yang merupakan bakteri paling dominan pada lesi jerawat. Minyak atsiri telah dibuktikan memiliki aktivitas antibakteri gram positif maupun bakteri gram negatif. Selain bunga cengkeh, minyak atsiri juga dapat diperoleh dari bagian tangkai bunga dan daun dari tanaman cengkeh. Oleh karena pemanfaatan bunga cengkeh masih terhitung mahal, maka pada penelitian ini peneliti ingin melihat potensi aktivitas antibakteri minyak atsiri dari tangkai bunga dan daun cengkeh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan aktivitas antibakteri minyak atsiri dari bagian bunga, tangkai bunga dan daun cengkeh terhadap bakteri P.acnes. Minyak atsiri dari bunga, tangkai bunga dan daun diperoleh dengan menggunakan metode destilasi air. Konsentrasi larutan uji yang digunakan 200 ?l/mL dengan metode uji difusi disk, kontrol negatif etanol 96% v/v, kontrol positif doksisiklin 30?g/disk, media uji MHA, dan suspensi bakteri P. acnes sebesar 0,5 McFarland. Aktivitas antibakteri ditentukan berdasarkan diameter zona hambat yaitu daerah bening diantara latar keruh setelah diinkubasi selama 24 jam. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis deksriptif untuk melihat klasifikasi respon hambatan berdasarkan NCCLS dan analisis statistik menggunakan ANOVA one way. Aktivitas  antibakteri minyak atsiri bunga, tangkai bunga dan daun cengkeh terhadap bakteri P. acnes berbeda signifikan secara statistik dengan taraf kepercayaan >95%. Minyak atsiri bunga cengkeh menghasilkan aktivitas antibakteri terbesar yaitu 25,85 mm - 26,75 mm sedangkan minyak atsiri tangkai bunga menghasilkan aktivitas dengan zona hambat 20,60 mm - 21,20 mm  dan minyak atsiri daun cengkeh menghasilkan zona hambat sebesar 18,04 mm - 18,58 mm.  Hal ini membuktikan bahwa minyak atsiri dari bunga cengkeh memiliki aktivitas yang paling baik terhadap P.acnes s dibandingkan dengan minyak atsiri dari tangkai bunga dan daun cengkeh. Dengan demikian, minyak atsiri dari tangkai bunga dan daun cengkeh belum sebanding dengan yang berasal dari bunga cengkeh apabila dimanfaatkan sebagai anti bakteri P. Acnes.
PENGARUH ETANOL, ETIL ASETAT DAN EKSTRAK ETANOL TERPURIFIKASI TERHADAP HASIL EVALUASI SIFAT FISIK SEDIAAN PATCH MUKOADHESIF EKSTRAK DAUN SIRIH (PIPER BETLE L.).
Authors: Yustiantara P. S. , Yadnya-Putra A. A. G. R. , Febriana-Putra A. F. , Febriyana A. A. P.
Published: September 2018

Patch dapat mengandung lapisan polimer mukoadhesif yang berikatan dengan mukosa mulut, atau gingiva. Tanaman sirih hijau (Piper betle L.) secara empiris telah digunakan pada pengobatan gingivitis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sifat fisik dari patch yang mengandung ekstrak etanol, etil asetat, dan ekstrak etanol terpurifikasi daun sirih hijau, dilihat dari bobot matriks patch, ketebalan matriks patch, susut pengeringan matriks patch, dan ketahanan lipatan matriks patch. Ekstraksi daun sirih menggunakan metode maserasi. Patch dibuat dengan sistem matriks dengan ekstrak daun sirih dengan bahan tambahan antara lain; HPMC, PEG 400, dan mentol. Hasil uji fisik pada patch memperlihatkan bobot matrik patch ekstrak etanol (2,153 ± 0,077g), ekstrak etil asetat (1,906 ± 0,040g) dan ekstrak terpurifikasi  sebesar (1,593 ± 0,075g). Tebal matrik patch ekstrak etanol (0,61 ± 0,613 mm ), ekstrak etil asetat (0,57 ± 0,576 mm ) dan ekstrak terpurifikasi  sebesar (0,55 ± 0,550 mm), susut pengeringan matriks patch mengandung ekstrak etanol (4,20 ± 4,206 %), ekstrak etil asetat (3,97 ± 3,973 %) dan ekstrak terpurifikasi  sebesar (3,67 ± 3,673%) dan ketahanan  lipatan  matriks patch  pada ekstrak etanol sebanyak (491 ± 40,27 lipatan), pada ekstrak etil asetat (320 ± 16,65 lipatan) dan pada ekstrak purifikasi sebesar (532 ± 40,55 lipatan).
UJI PENDAHULUAN NILAI KELEMBABAN KULIT MANUSIA PADA PEMAKAIAN SEDIAAN MASKER GEL PEEL OFF KULIT BUAH MANGGIS
Authors: Astuti K. Widnyani , Wijayanti N. P. A. D. , Lestari A. A. D. , Artha I G. A. P. Y. , Pradnyani I A. G. , Ratnayanti I G. A. D.
Published: September 2018

Kulit yang mengalami penuaan dini menyebabkan nilai kelembaban kulit menjadi berkurang sehingga kulit menjadi kering. Berkurangnya nilai kelembaban kulit dapat diatasi dengan memberikan perawatan terhadap kulit. Perawatan dapat dilakukan dengan sediaan topikal yang mengandung antioksidan salah satunya yaitu masker gel peel off ekstrak kulit buah manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.). Penelitian pendahuluan ini bertujuan untuk melihat nilai kelembaban kulit manusia pada pemakaian masker gel peel off ekstrak kulit buah manggis. Pengujian dilakukan dengan menggunakan 5 subjek uji masing masing dioleskan plasebo pada tangan kanan dan dioleskan masker gel peel off ekstrak kulit manggis pada tangan kiri selama 14 hari. Metode perlakuan subjek uji dilakukan secara randomized, double blind, plasebo control group design. Data yang diperoleh diuji normalitas dan homogenitasnya. Data nilai kelembaban terhadap nilai sebelum dan sesudah penelitian dibandingkan dengan uji T Berpasangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan menghasilkan nilai p<0,05 yang bermakna yang menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna sebelum dan sesudah dioleskan basis masker maupun masker yang mengandung kulit manggis. Kedua kelompok menunjukkan adanya perubahan, namun rentang peningkatan pada kelompok perlakuan lebih besar dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol. Dengan demikian, diketahui masker gel peel off Garcinia mangostana L. mampu meningkatkan nilai kelembaban kulit manusia lebih besar dibandingkan kelompok kontrol.
PERUBAHAN KUALITAS MINYAK GORENG AKIBAT LAMANYA PEMANASAN
Authors: Manurung M. M. , Suaniti N. M. , Dharma Putra K. G.
Published: September 2018

Penggunaan minyak goreng secara berulang-ulang atau pemanasan minyak yang lama dapat mengubah sifat fisiko-kimia dari minyak baik minyak kemasan ataupun minyak curah. Perubahan ini menjadi ciri awal adanya kerusakan dari minyak goreng tersebut. Penelitian ini  bertujuan untuk menentukan perubahan kualitas minyak goreng akibat proses pemanasan, yang mengacu pada SNI - 2002. Syarat mutu dilihat dari bilangan peroksida(BP), bilangan Iod(BI), bilangan asam (BA) dan persentase asam lemak bebas (% FFA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, hingga pemansan 40 menit harganya berturut-turut untuk minyak kemasan BP = 6,225 meqO2/100g; BI = 32,464 g Iod/100g  ; BA = 0,748 mgKOH/g; % FFA = 0,356 %; sedangkan untuk minyak curah adalah BP = 6,874 meq/100g ; BI = 25,37 g.Iod/100g; BA = 1,096 mgKOH/g ; % FFA =  0,513. Warna minyak  berubah kuning kecoklatan  menjadi coklat kehitaman
APLIKASI ELEKTRODE GLASSY CARBON DIMODIFIKASI NANOPARTIKEL EMAS TERHADAP PENENTUAN Cr(III) DENGAN PENGARUH Fe(III), Mn(II), Co(II) DAN Ni(II) SECARA VOLTAMMETRI
Authors: Wyantuti S. S. , Sukmana I. F. , Rakhmawaty D. D. , Hartati Y. W.
Published: September 2018

Kromium banyak digunakan dalam bidang industri, akibatnya limbah dari senyawa kromium tersebut juga banyak tercipta baik di udara, tanah maupun air. Cr(III) diperlukan dalam jumlah kecil dalam  membantu insulin dalam menormalkan jumlah glukosa dan kolesterol dan bermanfaat pada metabolisme lemak . Kekurangan Cr(III) dapat menyebabkan penyakit yang disebut penyakit kekurangan kromium (chromium deficiency). Untuk itu diperlukan suatu metode yang sensitif dan efektif untuk menganalisis kromium. Metode voltammetri merupakan metode yang menjanjikan, karena dapat menggunakan elektrode kerja yang bisa secara luas dimodifikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh ion Fe(III), Mn(II), Co(II) dan Ni(II) pada analisis kromium, serta mengetahui akurasi, presisi, dan limit deteksi dari penentuan Cr(III) secara volltammetri pulsa differensial. Prosedur yang akan dilakukan adalah pembuatan larutan-larutan, pembuatan koloid nanopartikel emas, modifikasi GCE, optimasi scan rate, deteksi pengaruh ion besi(II), mangan(II), kobalt(II) dan Ni(II) pada pengukuran Cr(III) serta deteksi Cr(III) dalam limbah elektroplating secara voltammetri menggunakan elektroda glassy carbon nanopartikel emas. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Ion Fe(III), Mn(II), Co(II) dan Ni(II) terbukti mempengaruhi tinggi arus Cr(III). Akurasi  pengukuran sebesar 96,17%, presisi sebesar 98,19% dan limit deteksi sebesar 4,6889 ppm. Konsentrasi Cr(III) dalam limbah elektroplating dapat ditentukan dengan metode standar adisi yaitu sebesar 60,072 ppm.
EKSTRAKSI DAN IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA KIMIA PADA DAUN PURING (Codiaeum variegatum) DENGAN PELARUT AIR, ETANOL, ETIL ASETAT DAN N-HEKSANA
Authors: Sumadewi N. L. U. , Puspaningrum D. H.D.
Published: September 2018

Paper ini membahas ekstraksi dan identifikasi senyawa kimia pada daun puring (codiaeum variegatum) yang berpotensi sebagai obat penyembuh luka. Serbuk daun puring dimaserasi dengan menggunakan empat pelarut berbeda yaitu, air,  etanol 70%, etil asetat, dan n-heksana. Pengujian fitokimia dilakukan secara kualitatif untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya senyawa kimia yang terkandung pada daun puring, kemudian ekstrak yang positif mengandung senyawa kimia diidentifikasi menggunakan UV-Vis. Berdasarkan hasil ekstraksi menggunakan pelarut air dan etanol 70% menghasilkan rendemen paling tinggi (0,36%) dan (0,30%) bila dibandingkan etil asetat (0,14%) dan n-heksana (0,07%). Hasil uji fitokimia pada ekstrak daun puring dalam pelarut air terdeteksi tanin dan saponin, pada ekstrak dalam pelarut etanol dan etil asetat hanya terdeteksi senyawa tanin, sedangkan pada pelarut n-hekana tidak terdeteksi senyawa kimia. Ekstrak daun puring kemudian diidentifikasi menggunakan UV-Vis. Pada ekstrak air diperoleh 3 puncak pada panjang gelombang 325 nm; 272,5 nm; dan 216,5 nm. Pada ekstrak etanol diperoleh 2 puncak pada panjang gelombang 327 nm dan 272,5 nm. Ekstrak etil asetat diperoleh 2 puncak yaitu pada panjang gelombang 407 nm dan 665 nm.
A TRITERPENOID COMPOUND FROM THE STEMBARK OF Aglaia argentea (MELIACEAE)
Authors: Hidayat1 A. T. , Farabi K. K. , Muhammad M. M. , Harneti D. D. , Nurlelasari N. N. , Maharani R. R. , Haikal K. K. , Supratman U. U. , Shiono Y. Y.
Published: September 2018

Senyawa triterpenoid, 3-epicabraleahydroxylactone (1) telah diisolasi dari ekstrak n-heksana kulit batang Aglaia argentea. Struktur kimia senyawa 1 diidentifikasikan berdasarkan data-data spektroskopi dan perbandingan data spektra yang diperoleh sebelumnya. Senyawa triterpenoid, 3-epikabrraleahidroksilakton (1) dilaporkan pada tumbuhan ini untuk pertama kali.
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF Samanea saman LEAF ETHANOL EXTRACT AGAINST Escherichia coli AND Staphylococcus aureus AND ITS TOTAL FLAVONOID AND PHENOLIC CONTENTS
Authors: Rita W. S. , Swantara I M. D. , Astiti Asih I. A. R. , Sinarsih N.K.
Published: September 2018

Antibacterial activity of Samanea saman usually shows a positif correlation to the flavonoid and phenolic contents.  The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract of Samanea saman against Escherechia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and determine the total flavonoid and phenolic contents of the extract. The extraction was done by ethanol 96% at room temperature. The antibacterial assay was conducted by agar disc diffusion method. The total flavonoid and phenolic contents were determined by UV-Vis Spectrofotometer with the standard of quersetin and galic acid, respectively. The extraction of 250 g of Samanea saman leaves resulted in 24.5 g of ethanol extracts. The ethanol extract showed a moderate inhibition of 8.33 mm towards E. coli and a strong inhibition of 13.6 mm towards S. aureus at the concentration of 4%. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the extract against E. coli and S.aureus were of 3% and 0.3%”, respectively. The total flavonoid and phenolic contents were successively 1233.2991 mg QE/100g and 2544.6154 mg GAE/100g.

Keywords: Escherechia coli, flavonoid and phenolic content,  Samanea saman, Staphylococcus aureus
VALIDASI METODE DALAM PENENTUAN KADAR ETANOL PADA ARAK MENGGUNAKAN KROMATOGRAFI GAS DETEKTOR IONISASI NYALA
Authors: Widya Astuti N. P. , Suaniti N. M. , Mustika I G.
Published: September 2018

Arak merupakan hasil destilasi dari nira kelapa. Arak banyak di produksi di Kecamatan Sidemen, Karangsem Bali. Produksi arak dilakukan secara tradisional sehingga belum diketahui dengan jelas kadar etanol yang ada dalam arak tersebut. Metode kromatografi dapat digunakan sebagai metode dalam menentukan kadar etanol dalam arak. Metode kromatografi dapat digunakan apabila telah dilakukan validasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan validasi metode kromatografi gas dengan detektor ionisasi nyala untuk menentukan kadar etanol dalam arak. Kondisi kromatografi yang dipilih yaitu suhu injektor 250oC, suhu detektor 300oC, dengan split rasio 20. Suhu awal kolom 500oC ditahan dua menit pada suhu tersebut, ditingkatkan secara bertahap sebesar 10oC/menit sampai suhu mencapai 220oC dan ditahan selama lima menit. Laju alir dari kolom yang terpilih adalah 0,7 mL/menit. Laju alir gas helium 40 mL/menit, laju alir nitrogen 50 mL/ menit dan laju udara sebagai pengoksida 450 mL/menit. Senyawa standars yang digunakan dalam melakukan validasi yaitu metanol, etanol dan butanol. Standar internal yang digunakan yaitu butanol. Hasil validasi metode kromatografi gas yang diperoleh yaitu nilai resolusi Rs > 1,5 dan koefisien korelasi metanol 0,9998; etanol 0,9998 dan asam asetat 0,9855. Batas deteksi dari masing – masing standar yaitu metanol 0,1059 ng; etanol 0,1688 ng. Nilai ketelitian ditentukan dari koefisien variasi dari masing – masing standar yaitu metanol 0,7%; etanol 1,8%. Sedangkan nilai ketepatan yaitu metanol 3,54%; etanol 3,53%.
METABOLIT SEKUNDER DARI BATANG PHYSALIS PERUVIANA (SOLANACEAE)
Authors: Rosmainar L.
Published: September 2018

Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap tanaman Physalis peruviana yang telah banyak dimanfaatkan dalam pengobatan tradisional. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah  untuk mengisolasi senyawa metabolit sekunder dari batang tanaman Physalis peruviana dan menentukan strukturnya. Senyawa-senyawa yang banyak ditemukan dalam genus Physalis adalah steroid, seperti yang terdapat dalam P. angulata, P. philadelpica, P. alkekengi, dan P. virginiana. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan maserasi menggunakan metanol kemudian diekstraksi dengan menggunakan n-heksan dan etil asetat, dan selanjutnya dilakukan pemisahan senyawa dengan menggunakan teknik kromatografi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa senyawa yang didapat memiliki titik leleh 1950 – 1960C dengan massa 0,20 gram yang berbentuk serbuk berwarna putih. Penentuan struktur dilakukan dengan FTIR (3269 cm-1, 2924 cm-1, 1678 cm-1), MS (m/z 485,2552), NMR 1D (1H-NMR & 13C-NMR), NMR 2D (HMBC, HMQC, COSY) serta membandingkan hasil spektra dengan senyawa yang telah diperoleh sebelumnya. Senyawa yang diperoleh merupakan golongan senyawa Witasteroid dan struktur yang disarankan adalah 4?-Hidroksiwithanolida E.

Kata kunci: 4?-hidroksiwithanolide E, P. peruviana, Solanaceae, steroid, witasteroid.
ADSORPSI MULTI LOGAM BERAT KROM(III), TIMBAL(II), DAN TEMBAGA(II) DALAM SISTEM LARUTAN BINARY OLEH SILIKA GEL TERIMOBILISASI DIFENILKARBAZIDA
Authors: Sudiarta I. W. , Suarya P. , Widya C. M. P.
Published: September 2018

Adsorpsi multi ion logam, timbal( P), tembaga(Cu),  dan krom(Cr) dalam sistem larutan binary Pb(II)-Cr(III), Cr(III)-Cu(II), dan Pb(II)-Cu(II) menggunakan adsorben silika gel terimobilisasi difenilkarbazida (Si-DPZIDA) dengan metode bath adsorpsi pada pH 2 dan waktu pengadukan 8 jam. Sistem larutan binary terdiri dari ion logam utama dan ko-kation, dengan konsentrasi logam   ko-kation bervariasi 0,5; 1,0; dan 1,5 mM, sedangkan konsentrasi ion logam utama tetap 5,0 mM. Tujuan adsorpsi multi ion logam ini adalah untuk mengetahui efek dari kehadiran ko-kation terhadap adsorpsi ion logam utama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kehadiran  Cr(III) maupun Cu(II) sebagai ko-kation memberikan efek sinergis terhadap daya serap Pb(II), sinergistik tertinggi terjadi pada konsentrasi Cr(III) 1,5 M  dan Cu(II) 1,0 mM dengan daya serap Pb(II) masing-masing 0,5808  dan 0,5867 mmol/g. Daya adsorpsi logam Cr(III) mengalami efek sinergistik dengan kehadiran ko-kation Pb(II) maupun Cu(II). Efek sinergis terbesar terjadi pada konsentrasi Pb(II) 0,5 mM dan Cu(II) 0,5 mM, masing-masing dengan daya sorpsi Cr(III) 0,1041 dan  0,1010 mmol/g. Pada adsorpsi ion logam utama Cu(II), kehdiaran Cr(III) maupun Pb(II) memberikan efek antagonistik. Efek antagonistik tertinggi terjadi pada kehadiran ko-kation Cr(III) dan Pb(II) pada konsentrasi 0,5 mM dan 0,5 mM, dengan daya serap Cu(II) masing-masing sebesar 0,2768  dan 0,2736 mmol/g.

Kata kunci: adsoprsi multi logam, larutan binary, silika gel terimobilisasi, efek  sinergistik, dan antagonistik
ADSORPSI ZAT WARNA TEKSTIL REMAZOL BRILLIANT BLUE OLEH LIMBAH CANANG DAUN KELAPA
Authors: Mustikawati S. R. , Simpen I N. , Ratnayani O.
Published: September 2018

Telah dilakukan penelitian adsorpsi zat warna tekstil Remazol Brilliant Blue dengan 2 macam adsorben yaitu adsorben daun kelapa dan adsorben daun kelapa terdelignifikasi (selulosa) yang berasal dari limbah canang daun kelapa. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan tiga tahap, yaitu preparasi, optimasi, dan karakterisasi. Preparasi untuk mendapatkan adsorben daun kelapa dan selulosa, dan kemudian optimasi dilakukan untuk mengetahui kondisi optimum kedua adsorben dengan variasi massa adsorben, waktu kontak, dan pH larutan. Terakhir, karakterisasi dilakukan untuk mengetahui luas permukaan adsorben secara Methylene Blue method, jumlah situs aktif kedua adsorben dengan metode titrasi asam-basa, serta gugus fungsi dengan Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). Pada optimasi, diketahui bahwa kondisi optimum kedua adsorben adalah waktu optimum menit ke 15 dengan massa optimum adsorben 0,1 gram dan pH 4, dengan jumlah adsorbat yang teradsorpsi 10,6 mg/g untuk adsorben daun kelapa dan 10,7 mg/g untuk adsorben daun kelapa terdelignifikasi. Pada penentuan luas permukaan dihasilkan berturut-turut adsorben daun kelapa dan daun kelapa terlignifikasi 34,796 m2/g dan 31,867 m2/g, sedangkan  jumlah situs aktif adalah 29,7258 x 1020 molekul /gram dan 28,0522x 1020 molekul/gram. Spektra FTIR menunjukan bahwa daun kelapa terdelignifikasi memiliki gugus OH yang sama dengan selulosa murni.

Kata Kunci: adsorpsi, delignifikasi, limbah canang, Remazol Brillian Blue
Uji Empirik Crowding Out Surat Utang Pemerintah dan Korporasi di Pasar Modal Indonesia
Authors: Wibowo Buddi , Passagi Hendrikus , Prasetyo Muhammad Budi
Published: September 2018

Financing government budget deficit through emission of government  bonds may create a crowding out in corporate bond market. Crowding out caused the cost of funds incurred by the corporation to be expensive so the corporate bond market is stagnant and banks become the only major source of funding. Sources of funding that are so dependent on the banking sector could threaten financial stability and the country's economy as a whole because of the banks’ systemic risk. Default of a bank not only can influence other banks but also can have a serious impact on the national economy. This research empirically examine the phenomenon of crowding out in Indonesia with a fixed effect model of panel data FGLS and show existence of crowding out, where the yield spread tends to rise when the government issued new debt securities. But the rise in the yield spread was more due to the increase in Credit Default Swaps (CDS) spreads which reflect the default risk of Indonesia, as well as showing the influence of foreign investors in the Indonesian capital market which is strongly influenced by  CDS.
Peningkatan Inklusivitas Ekonomi Melalui Pembiayaan Investasi Modal Manusia
Authors: Kristyanto Visi Saujaningati , Kaluge David
Published: September 2018

Saat ini, pertumbuhan inklusif menjadi isu utama dalam pembangunan ekonomi. Pertumbuhan inklusif mendorong setiap individu untuk mengakses pendidikan, kesehatan dan komponen lainnya yang menunjang standar hidup yang lebih baik. Di Jawa Timur, pertumbuhan ekonomi yang tinggi diikuti dengan tingkat ketimpangan pendapatan yang tinggi. Peran pemerintah dibutuhkan untuk mendorong pertumbuhan yang lebih berkualitas melalui adanya pembiayaan investasi dalam bentuk investasi pendidikan dan kesehatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (i) untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pembiayaan investasi modal manusia dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi dan (ii) untuk mengetahui dampak pembiayaan investasi modal manusia terhadap inklusivitas pertumbuhan di Jawa Timur. Metode analisis menggunakan metode regresi simultan dengan dua persamaan utama. Hasil temuan menunjukkan bahwa pembiayaan investasi modal manusia berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Hal ini berarti, investasi modal manusia dapat dijadikan alternatif kebijakan untuk mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi di Jawa Timur. Namun, terdapat persoalan bahwa hanya sebagian tertentu masyarakat dengan tingkat pendidikan, kesehatan dan daya beli yang tinggi yang menikmati adanya pertumbuhan ekonomi. Temuan kedua menjelaskan bahwa inklusivitas dapat terjadi apabila pemerintah mendorong efektivitas pembiayaan sektor pendidikan yang masih terbatas pada peningkatan kuantitas namun lemah dalam kualitas dan produktivitas sektor pendidikan. Sehingga kapasitas sumberdaya manusia yang ada saat ini tidak mampu mendorong terciptanya inklusivitas pertumbuhan di Jawa Timur.
Estimating Entrance Fee of Sendang Gile Water Fall for State Based Recreation
Authors: Hendarto Kresno Agus , Al Hasan Rubangi , Yumantoko Yumantoko , Nur Ahmad
Published: September 2018

The government decision to increase entrance fee in tourist locations has occasionally resulted in protests among the public and tourism operators. The objective of the study, with the context at Sendang Gile water fall, is to estimate the function of recreation demand and estimate the entrance fee acceptable by the visitors. Travel cost method was used in the study. Data of visitors to the tourist destination was collected by purposive sampling method.  Results of the study showed that entrance fee increase is acceptable but at the rate lower than that determined in the Government Regulation.
The Effects of Gender Diversity in The Boardroom on Firm Financial Performance in Indonesia
Authors: Linggih Ayu Denisa , Wiksuana I G. B.
Published: September 2018

This research investigates the effects of gender diversity in the boardroom on firm financial performance in Indonesia. To achieve the objective of this study, panel data analysis and fixed effects estimators have been applied to companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2014 until 2016.  The result of this study indicates that the percentage of women in the boardroom (board of commissioners and board of directors) has a significant positive effect on the company's financial performance as measured by return on assets (ROA). The relationship between these variables is then explained by agency theory where increasing the percentage of women in the boardroom improves the supervision of the company's agents which in return will positively affect the financial performance of the company. The managerial implications and suggestions of this research are that companies should begin to empower more women in the company's top management, also the government should consider a minimum quota policy for women on board of commissioners and directors in Indonesia.
Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Melalui Kemandirian Petani Dalam Pengelolaan Integrasi Sawit Sapi Berkelanjutan
Authors: Sulistiawati Rini , Kusrini Novira , _ Imelda
Published: September 2018

Integration of palm oil plantation with cattle can provide advantages in both sub sectors which will increase the income and welfare of farmers. The implementation of the integration palm cattle must be supported by appropriate management practices so that the resulting production can be more efficient, competitive and sustainable. The population in this research is all farmers which have already implemented palm cattle integration. The samples of these researches are 150 respondents. This research using Structural Equation Model (SEM) that is multivariate statistic procedure using AMOS software. The results showed that the increase in prosperity of palm cattle integration farmers can be done with increased self-reliance of farmers through the management and coaching in the sustainable integration of palm cattle. Palm cattle integration farmers will have a competitiveness if it is able to utilize the resources extension workers, share knowledge and take advantage of training opportunities. Farmers also need to be able to make decisions, develop a plan for managing the integration of the palm cattle and managed to create a quality production.
Ellipsis in English Coordinated Clauses in the Novel Entitled 44 Scotland Street by Alexander McCall Smith
Authors: Sandy Wangi Kadek , Tika I Ketut , Budiarsa I Made
Published: September 2018

The title of this undergraduate thesis is Ellipsis in English Coordinated Clauses in the Novel Entitled 44 Scotland Street by Alexander McCall Smith. The aims of the study are to classify the types of ellipsis and to analyze the position of ellipsis in coordinated clauses. The data of this study were in the form of the English coordinated clauses with coordinating conjunction and, or, and but which were found in a novel entitled 44 Scotland Street by Alexander McCall Smith. The data were collected by using documentation method which was done by close reading on the data source, taking note, and continued by classification. This study used the theory of ellipsis proposed by Quirk, et al (1972) presented by using qualitative method in analyzing the data. The collected data were identified according to the categories of the types and the occurrence of ellipsis in coordinated clauses. This study used descriptive method in presenting the data. The result of this study shows that the types of ellipsis in coordinated are divided into six major namely: ellipsis of subject, ellipsis of auxiliary, ellipsis of subject and auxiliary, ellipsis of predication, ellipsis of head of noun phrase, and ellipsis of subject complement.  Ellipsis of subject is the most frequently used type of ellipsis that occur in the data. The ellipsis can occur in the first and in the subsequent clauses in coordinated clauses. However, the ellipsis in the data is mostly anaphoric with the realized items in the first of a series of the clauses.
Tinggalan Arca di Pura Puseh Desa Bale Agung Bukian, Payangan, Gianyar
Authors: Made Karmila Dewi Ida Ayu , Aryana A.A Gde , Palupi Titasari Coleta
Published: September 2018

The statue is an archaeological remains which was built by people to fulfill certain needs in purpose. The archaeological remains in Bali are still in use and purified by its society by storing inside a temple, one of them is in Pura Puseh Desa Bale Agung Bukian, Payangan, Gianyar. This research has been done before by the Cultural Heritage Preservation Office, however it is just for conservation purpose and yet into deeper analysis. This research has an approach to acknowledge form, timeline, and function of an art statue remains in Pura Puseh Desa Bale Agung Bukian, Payangan, Gianyar. In this research, I used some theories such as form and functionality theory. I used some methods to solve these issues such as in first phase to collect data are observation, interview, and reviewing literature. The second phase are processing a data by analyzing data such as qualitative, iconographic, and comparative analysis. Based on the the analysis result, it can be concluded that the form of the statue remains in Pura Puseh Desa Bale Agung Bukian are 4 pieces of bhatara manifestation statues, 24 pieces of bhatari statues, and 10 pieces of fragments. The remains in Pura Puseh Desa Bale Agung Bukian can be put into Bali Madya style, because they had the same characteristic features with the Bali Madya’s statues group in Pucak Penulisan Temple, bhatari statue in Penataran Sasih Temple, bhatara statue in Sibi Agung Kesian Temple, and a couple of statues in Subak Taulan Kerobokan Temple. Until now, the remains in Pura Puseh Desa Bale Agung Bukian in Payangan, Gianyar are still being utilized by temple’s penyungsung as a place to worship. People and temple’s penyungsung considered that the remains had a magical religious power which the praying ceremony and piodalan was held in certain days. The remain which was stored in pelinggih believed by the people of Bukian village as a place to pray protection, safety, and fertility for agriculture and livestock of Bukian society.
Taboo Language in “NEIGHBORS 2” Movie
Authors: Treanikita Dewa Ayu Ketut , Seri Malini Ni Luh Nyoman , Laksminy Luh Putu
Published: September 2018

This his study entitled Taboo Language in “Neighbors 2” Movie are to find out the types of taboo words used in Neighbors 2 movie, to explain the factor influence the used of taboo words in Neighbors 2 movie.The data of this study were analyzed using the theory proposed by Fakuade (2013) as the main theory to identify linguistic taboo and the supporting theory proposed by Jay (1992) to analyze the type of taboo words. Based on Fakuade’s theory there are 5 types of lingistic taboo; they are morality-related linguistic taboo, decorum-related linguistic taboo, veneration-related linguistic taboo. morality-related linguistic taboo, decorum-related linguistic taboo, veneration-related linguistic taboo. However, according to Jay, there are 10 types of taboo words; crusing, profanity, blasphemy, taboo, vulgarity, obscenity, epithet, slang, insult and slurs, and scatology.This study to see the types and factors influence in the movies. In the Neighbors 2 movie has 10 types of taboo words. Therefore, the factorcs influence the used of taboo word found 5 factors. There were 5 factors of taboo words which had been identified, they are: emotion, insulting, crused, dirtyjoke, and shock feeling.
Konservasi Hutan Berbasis Kearifan Lokal di Desa Tigawasa, Kecamatan Banjar, Kabupaten Buleleng
Authors: Candraningsih Ida Ayu Komang , Pujaastawa Ida Bagus Gde , Sudiarna I Gusti Putu
Published: September 2018

This research aims to examine the environmental conservation system based on local wisdom in Tigawasa Village, Banjar District, Buleleng Regency which is one of the villages belonging to the Bali Aga or Bali Kuna Village in Bali. The problems in this study focused on local forms of wisdom related to forest conservation and their implications for ecological and economic aspects. The theory used in this research is the interpretive theory by Connie Geertz and the etnoecological approach by Conklin and Frake. The concept used in this research is conservation, forest and local wisdom. The research method used is qualitative method, with complete data of observation, interview, literature study and document examination. The results of the research revealed that the conservation activities of customary forests conducted by the people of Tigawasa Village are based on the local wisdoms of the ancestors that are still maintained. These local wisdoms include community conceptions of the existence of forest areas, the myths that develop in the community, forest-related ritual practices and written and non-written regulations on customary forests. Tigawasa Village community considers that the customary forest in the village is a sacred area that should not be entered or utilized other than for the purposes of traditional ceremonies, so that the forest ecosystem is maintained. The implications of forest conservation based on local wisdom are the preservation of the environment of the local forest and the development of economic opportunities in the form of forest management as an ecotourism attraction.
Perilaku Psikopat Tokoh Seiichi Kirishima Dalam Komik HIDEOUT Karya Masasumi Kakizaki
Authors: Faris Maulana Hasani , Andry Anita Dewi Ni Made , Damayanti Silvia
Published: September 2018

This research, entitled “Seiichi Kirishima’s Psychopath Behaviors in HIDEOUT Comic by Masasumi Kakizaki”, analyzed Seiichi Kirishima’s characters and factors that cause Seiichi Kirishima become a pshychopath in a comic entitled HIDEOUT. This research used literature psychology theory by Wellek and Warren, pshycho analysis theory by Sigmund Freud, pshychopaty theory by Hare, pshychopath classify theory by Chekley, and semiotic theory by Marcel Danesi. The result of this research is Seiichi Kirishima included to the primary pshychopath category. Seiichi Kirishima’s psychopath behaviors are anti social, egocentric, lacks of affraid, cruel, often lying, and has serious problem from his past. There are internal and external factors of his psychopath behaviors.  The internal factor is unbalances in Seiichi Kirishima’s personal structure and the external factors for the example there are unsuccesfully in his job and his son was dead.
Strategi Penerjemahan dan Pergeseran Makna Onomatope pada Lirik Lagu JKT48
Authors: Arisuta P Citra , Luhur Wedayanti Ni Putu , Andry Anita Dewi Ni Made
Published: September 2018

Onomatopoeia is a characteristic of Japanese language that is very interesting to learn. However, due to the large number of Japanese onomatopoeias while their counterparts in Indonesian are very limited, sometimes these onomatopoeia become a constraint when the Japanese learner wants to understand more deeply about the meaning of the onomatopoeias. The cultural differences and background of the usages of onomatopoeia in Japan as well as in Indonesia cause problems in the translation process.This research title is “Translation Strategies and Shift of Meaning of Onomatopoeia in JKT48’s Song Lyrics”. The data analysed using descriptive method. This research used the theory of translation strategies by Baker (1992) and componential analysis by Bell (1993). There are seven strategies of translation that used to translate the onomatopoeia. Translation strategy by paraphrase using unrelated words caused the shift of meaning of onomatopoeias. There are five onomatopoeia in four song lyrics that causing the shift of meaning.
Referential Cohesion in Donald Trump`s Speech Transcript
Authors: Agus Wirawan I Wayan Gede , Udayana I Nyoman , Sri Rahayuni Ni Ketut
Published: September 2018

Cohesion establishes the text or sentences and gives their meaning by the grammatical and lexical linking.   Halliday and Hasan (1976) In Cohesion in English, identify five general categories of cohesive devices that are possibly implemented in texts: reference, ellipsis, substitution, lexical cohesion and conjunction. One of the cohesion meanings is reference. Reference is one of cohesive devices, and it contains the specific nature of the information needed to be retrieved for the comprehensive information. The problems discussed in this study are the type of reference applied in the speech transcripts and referential meaning presented in the speech transcripts of Donald Trump`s Speech. The aims of the study were to find out the reference applied in the speech transcripts and referential meaning of the reference  presented in the speech transcripts. The main theory used was Theory of Cohesion proposed by Halliday and Hasan (1976). The data in this study were taken from the website of Washington Post in form of transcripts. The data were collected using observation method and analyzed using qualitative method. There were two kinds of reference found in the speech; which were personal reference and demonstrative reference. The personal reference that occurred in the speech transcript included  I, you, we, he, she, they, and it. Meanwhile, the demonstrative references that appeared in the speech transcript were this, these, there, here, now and the. These references were presented as endophoric, whether anaphoric or cataphoric. The comparative reference was absent. From this study, it can be concluded that referential cohesion takes an important role in a text or in this case speech transcripts, since the function of reference is to hold a text together and give its meaning.
The Analysis of Three Dimension Aspects of the Main Character in the Novel The Short Second Life of Bree Tanner
Authors: Febi Dwi Sangastu Ida Ayu , Mulyawan I Wayan , Istri Aryani I Gusti Agung
Published: September 2018

Literature is one of the written works that express aspect of human life. This study is using a novel entitled The Short Second Life of Bree Tanner. It is analyzing the main character in terms of physiological, psychological, and sociological dimension aspects. Dramatic and character on the other character method were used in analyzing the study based on character dialogue, action, opinion, and feeling. These were explained descriptively in order to have a clear understanding of the aspects implied in the story. The result of findings were three dimension aspects, as of; physiological, that influenced the main character are the age and physical appearance. The psychological, about the situation that she was ran away from her father when she still human. The sociological background and human relationship are influenced in sociological aspect. It can be concluded that the whole three dimension aspects of the main character showed in physiological, Bree was fifteen years old girl almost sixteen years old when she became a vampire,but she did not remember how old she was when she was a human. Her body will sparkling like a crystal when exposed to sunlight and also have a bright and red eyes. In psychological, she is an introvert vampire with few friends and does not really like to make trouble andspare time with other vampire. In sociological, before became a vampire, Bree was a girl who lived with her father. But, after her mother died, her relationship with her father not good, because her father was rude person.
Derivational Noun in The Economist Magazine “The Trump Presidency So Far”
Authors: Adi Manggala I Putu , Budiasa I Gede , Sudipa I Nengah
Published: September 2018

The title of this study is Derivational Noun in The Economist Magazine “The Trump Presidency So Far”. This study was conducted in order to explain the base form and the meaning of derived noun, and also to explain the tree diagram structure of derived noun in the magazine. The data in this study were taken from the articles in The Economist Magazine “The Trump Presidency So Far”.The data were collected by using documentation method and analyzed using qualitative method. The main theories used in analyzing the data are theory of derivational morpheme proposed by Katamba (1993:47), theory of fabricating word proposed by Katamba (1994:56) and the theory of nominalizing of derivational proposed by Randolf Quirk (1973:432). The analysis shows that there are two kinds of derivational process of noun, namely class maintaining and class changing derivation.The derived nouns can be formed by attaching prefix and suffix to base word noun, verb and adjective. The affixes of derived noun also have their own meanings and the tree diagram is used in order to show the constituent structure of the derived noun.
Pola Asuh Terhadap Anak Tunarungu dalam Manga Koe No Katachi Karya Ooima Yoshitoki
Authors: Vitriani Nining , Budiana I Made , Ari Sulatri Ni Luh Putu
Published: September 2018

This research title is "Foster Parenting Against Deaf Children in Manga Koe No Katachi by Ooima Yoshitoki". This research aims to identify the types of parenting, factors, and impact that the figure of mothers bring out to the deaf kids. This research used descriptive method of analysis according to Ratna (2014). The theory used in this research were sociology of literature proposed by Wellek and Warren (in Damono,1979), semiotics theory proposed by Danesi (2010) and McCloud (2008). Based on the results of the research, there are two forms of parenting that applied to the mother figure of a deaf child. Both forms of parenting are authoritarian parenting and overprotective parenting. Factors that cause mother's parenting are divided into two factors, internal factors and external factors. Internal factors are factors derived from the family environment that can not accept the presence of children with hearing impairment, while the external factor is a factor derived from the school environment namely, there is discrimination experienced by children with hearing impairment. In adition, two negative impacts caused by the pattern of authoritarian and overprotective, personality children to be weak and escape from reality were found.
Metaphors of Life in Bhagavad Gita As It Is
Authors: Sisiana Dewi Ni Luh Putu , Rajeg I Made , Isnu Maharani Sang Ayu
Published: September 2018

Metaphors are frequently used in everyday conversation unconsciously. People deliver the metaphoric expressions underlaid by conceptual metaphor that consists of the target and source domains. This study aims to find out the types of metaphorical expressions and analyze the conceptual metaphors underlaying the metaphorical expressions. The data were generated from Bhagavad Gita text using a corpus machine named AntConc 3.4.4w. With the corpus method and AntConc, 690 sentences containing metaphors of life were found. These data were analyzed by applying the conceptual metaphor theory of Lakoff and Johnson (2003) and Steen (2007).The result of the study shows that the metaphorical expressions of  life in Bhagavad Gita are covered in all types of metaphor, they are: Structural, Ontological (along with its subsection that is Personification), and Orientational metaphors. In Bhagavad Gita, there are 24 conceptual metaphors that underlay the metaphorical expressions. The most frequently found conceptual metaphors were LIFE IS AN ENTITY, LIFE IS A JOURNEY and LIFE IS A CONTINUOUS ACTIVITY.
Teks Mitos Tirta Selaka di Pura Kereban Langit Desa Sading Kecamatan Mengwi: Analisis Struktur dan Fungsi
Authors: Surya Dewi Indah Sari Ni Kadek , Mulyawati Tjok Istri Agung , Ngurah Sulibra I Ketut
Published: September 2018

This analysis aims to reveal the structure and express the function contained in the text of the myth of Tirta Selaka in the Kereban Langit Temple. In this research used structural theory and functional theory. Methods and techniques used in this study are divided into three stages: (1) Methods and techniques of data provisioning using observation methods and interview techniques assisted by purposive sampling techniques, recording techniques, recording techniques and translation techniques. (2) Methods and techniques of data analysis using qualitative methods and descriptive analytic techniques. (3) Methods and techniques of presentation of data results using informal methods supported by deductive and inductive techniques. The results obtained from this study, namely narrative structure include: nine incidents, using a straight groove and the groove is divided into five stages, situations (penyituasian), generating circumstances (incidence of conflict), Rising Action (increased conflict), Climax (climax), denoument (problem solving). The characters are divided into two, namely the main character and the secondary figure. The theme that built the text of the myth of Tirta Selaka is a magical theme. Background is divided into three, ie background place, background, and social background. In addition, this research reveals the functions contained in the text of the myth of Tirta Selaka in the Kereban Langit Temple, including: religious functions, educational functions, magical functions, and as a means of legalization of institutions and cultural institutions.
Women’s Language in the Movie Script of The Perks of being a Wallflower
Authors: Kurniaty Nunung , Aryawibawa I Nyoman , Sri Rahayuni Ni Ketut
Published: September 2018

This study entitled Women’s Languange in the movie script of The Perks of Being a  Wallflower. This study is aimed at identifying the language features applied by women and finding out the functions of the language in the movie script.The theories applied in this study were the theory of women’s language proposed by lakoff (1975). Lakoff states that women’s speech was characterized by language features such as: the use hedges and fillers, tag question, rising or question intonation, empty adjective, precise color, intensifier, hypercorrect grammar, super polite form, the avoidance strong swear word, and emphatic stress. This study used the movie script of The Perks of Being a  Wallfloweras the data source. The movie script was choosen as the data in this study because it contained women’s language. The collected data were selected and put into categories of women’s language features and their functions which were descriptively analyzed based on the theory applied.The finding of analysis shows that the women’s language features found in this movie script include the use lexical hedges, tag question, rising or question intonation, empty adjective, intensifier, hypercorrect grammar, super polite form, and the avoidance strong swear word. Morever, the findings also show that the function of the women’s language features show the speaker’s strengthened assertion, the speaker’s admiration for something, and to emphasize the speaker’s judgment of something.