bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El estudio de las instituciones del gobierno colonial. Una aproximación etnográfica al juicio de residencia como ritual
Authors: Smietniansky Silvina
Published: September 2014

El registro documental que presentamos constituye un extracto del expediente elaborado en el marco del juicio de residencia instruido al gobernador del Tucumán Juan Victorino Martínez de Tineo en 1763-1764, y que hoy se conserva en el Archivo Histórico Nacional de Madrid. Este artículo contextúa y acompaña la lectura del mismo, y propone una aproximación etnográfica centrada en el concepto de ritual. Para ello, a partir de la fuente transcripta, describimos en qué consistía la celebración de una residencia y de qué manera este procedimiento regio de control ha sido estudiado. Visto este panorama, en particular interesa exponer y reflexionar sobre las ventajas y otras facetas que nos permite descubrir el análisis de la residencia considerada en términos de un ritual a través del cual se ejercía el poder y cuya celebración aportaba a la construcción del orden colonial. En ese recorrido la fuente transcripta se constituye en un caso para pensar y ejemplificar en qué consiste esa otra forma de interrogar y examinar un mismo corpus documental.
El Museo Histórico Regional“Emma Nozzi” de Carmen de Patagones
Authors: Bustos, Jorge A. , Dam Leonardo A.
Published: September 2014

El director del Museo Histórico Regional “Emma Nozzi” de Carmen de Patagones y su colaborador, ambos historiadores, narran la historia de la institución, presentan las características edilicias y el patrimonio de la misma, sintetizando los aspectos más salientes de las colecciones de objetos y archivo. Se detallan los servicios que se ofrecen a los investigadores y público en general, junto con la labor de rescate documental que realizan en el museo.
Écoquartiers français et jardins collectifs : actualité et perspectives
Authors: Tozzi Pascal , D’Andrea Nicolas
Published: September 2014

Ce texte fait un point sur les relations entre ville durable et jardins, notamment entre l’émergence des opérations de quartiers durables et l’engouement concomitant pour les jardins collectifs. À partir du corpus constitué des dossiers de candidature présentés au Concours national EcoQuartiers organisé en 2011 par l’État français, l’article évalue l’occurrence de cette forme d’espace collectif dans les projets. Il analyse ensuite les projections et les scénographies de la durabilité urbaine que les discours de projet révèlent. Les jardins collectifs y sont généralement promus en opérateurs de proximité, vecteurs de changement, porteurs d’enjeux, de mobilisations et de pratiques divers. Devant ce type de propos qui transforme le jardin en caution du projet global d’aménagement, l’intérêt est aussi de réintégrer des pistes de réflexion quant à des saisies plus stratégiques, notamment politiques et idéologiques, que recèle la promotion des jardins dans la ville.
Le risque tsunami en Martinique : planifier une évacuation préventive en optimisant l’accessibilité de sites refuges
Authors: Leone Frédéric , Péroche Mathieu , Gutton Rafaëlle
Published: September 2014

Le risque de tsunami menace l’ensemble des côtes caribéennes et plus particulièrement les Petites Antilles. Les modèles de propagation disponibles évaluent à seulement quelques minutes les temps d’arrivée sur la Martinique pour les sources sismiques les plus proches. Face à cette menace élevée, la seule parade efficace est l’évacuation préventive et planifiée des populations littorales. Cette mesure de protection nécessite d’établir en amont un système d’alerte régional performant, de modéliser les tsunamis, de préparer les populations et d’établir des plans de secours locaux et régionaux. Afin d’optimiser un plan d’évacuation, il convient d’évaluer les quantités de personnes exposées, les itinéraires d’évacuation possibles, les lieux de mise en sécurité et les délais pour évacuer ces populations menacées. Cet article propose une méthodologie directement destinée aux gestionnaires du risque et qui vise à optimiser et cartographier les sites et les routes d’évacuation à l’aide de calculs d’accessibilité pédestre. Elle repose sur la constitution de bases de données sur les enjeux humains, la construction de graphes routiers, la recherche de sites refuges et le paramétrage de vitesses pédestres. Les itinéraires d’évacuation sont calculés au moyen de l’algorithme de Dijkstra. Une première application donne des délais théoriques de mise en sécurité des populations pour chaque commune de Martinique. Une seconde application débouche sur un plan local d’évacuation pour la commune de Sainte-Anne. Ce nouveau support de prévention a été validé par un comité d’experts et constitue le premier document de ce type en France. Cette méthodologie calibrée et officiellement approuvée est destinée à être déployée sur d’autres territoires et en priorité sur les départements français d’outre-mer.
Une politique du « vivre avec » un fleuve et ses débordements
Authors: Richard-Ferroudji Audrey , Dupont Nadia , Durand Séverine , Grelot Frédéric
Published: September 2014

L’expression « vivre avec » apparaît de manière récurrente aujourd’hui dans le domaine des inondations. Quelle politique fonde-t-elle ? Comment se traduit-elle dans l’action publique ? À partir du cas de la basse vallée de l’Orb (Hérault, France) et plus particulièrement du quartier du Faubourg à Béziers, cet article discute de la forme que peut prendre une politique du « vivre avec ». Plusieurs méthodes d’enquête ont été mises en œuvre afin de faire varier les situations de thématisation des inondations : entretiens, focus groups, observations et questionnaire. Nous avons identifié 5 logiques de gestion des inondations qui permettent de questionner ce que peut signifier « vivre avec » et des actions typiques d’une telle approche. « Vivre avec » un fleuve et ses débordements c’est composer avec d’autres logiques de gestion que la maîtrise technique et la logique sécuritaire, c’est aménager et informer sans déconnecter la crue du fleuve et c’est appuyer l’auto-organisation des habitants. Cela ouvre sur une manière différente de gérer les inondations fondée sur le mode d’habiter un territoire.
L’expertise à l’épreuve d’une controverse environnementale et sanitaire : la production des savoirs et des ignorances à propos des PCB du Rhône (France)
Authors: Gramaglia Christelle , Babut Marc
Published: September 2014

L’objectif de cet article est de revenir sur l’histoire des alertes concernant les PCB en France depuis les années 1980 pour identifier les éléments, tant physiques que sociaux et politiques qui expliquent que ces composés chimiques fassent encore l’objet de controverses vives, malgré un renforcement des interdictions. Après avoir rappelé les circonstances plus larges de la dispersion dans l’environnement de ces substances et examiné les savoirs produits sur leur toxicité à différentes époques, nous décrivons les événements qui ont conduit à la crise de 2005. Nous nous intéressons plus particulièrement à l’émergence des revendications citoyennes en matière environnementale et sanitaire qui, dans le dossier des PCB du Rhône, ont pesé sur les orientations de la recherche et les décisions des autorités. Parallèlement, nous nous posons la question de savoir ce que les modes d’évaluation des risques standards nous ont appris des PCB et ce qu’ils ne nous permettent pas encore d’en apprendre. Nous nous demandons aussi quelles connaissances font encore défaut à leur propos parce qu’elles correspondent à des questions laissées de côté ou ignorées alors qu’elles intéressent directement le public.
La France et la mise en œuvre du protocole de Nagoya
Authors: Burelli Thomas
Published: September 2014

Le 26 mars 2014, le projet de loi sur la biodiversité a été dévoilé en Conseil des ministres par Philippe Martin, alors ministre français de l’Écologie. Parmi les différents titres du projet de loi, le titre IV intitulé « accès aux ressources génétiques et partage juste et équitable des avantages » (APA) se veut une transposition en droit français de la Convention sur la Diversité Biologique (CDB) de 1992 et du protocole de Nagoya, complétant cette convention, adopté lui en 2010. Dans cette contribution, nous analysons le contenu du projet de loi. Nous montrerons que le projet de loi présente encore de nombreuses limites. La première d’entre elles concerne les définitions proposées et en particulier celles relatives aux connaissances traditionnelles et aux communautés. Nous verrons que les procédures d’accès et d’utilisation des ressources génétiques apparaissent encore insuffisamment développées pour que nous puissions juger avec précision de leur qualité. Enfin le projet de loi adopte une interprétation originale et potentiellement dommageable du partage des compétences entre certains territoires ultramarins français et l’État.
La vulnérabilité face au risque de submersion marine : exposition et sensibilité des communes littorales de la région Pays de la Loire (France)
Authors: Chevillot-Miot Elie , Mercier Denis
Published: September 2014

Cet article analyse la vulnérabilité des communes littorales de la région des Pays de la Loire (France) face au risque de submersion marine. Ce travail s’inscrit à la suite des études menées après la tempête Xynthia du 28 février 2010 (Mercier et Acerra, 2011 ; Przyluski et Hallegattes, 2012 ; CETE de l’Ouest, 2012a), qui avait submergé de nombreux territoires aux reliefs bas (sous la côte des 4,50 m NGF), provoqué des dommages considérables sur les habitations et entraîné la mort de 41 personnes dans les départements de la Charente-Maritime et de la Vendée. Cet article cherche à identifier parmi 120 communes des départements de la Loire-Atlantique et de la Vendée, les territoires les plus vulnérables au risque de submersion marine par l’étude des facteurs de vulnérabilité, à travers une analyse des correspondances multiples (ACM).La typologie des communes est fonction de critères de vulnérabilité : la topographie, les enjeux humains/fonciers, l’historique des submersions marines ainsi que des éléments de gestion propre aux risques naturels (plan de prévention des risques, plans communaux de sauvegarde, recensement des digues de protection). Les résultats, présentés sous forme cartographique, permettent de retenir les facteurs topographique et historique comme éléments déterminant la prédisposition de ces communes à subir des submersions marines.
Savoirs locaux à propos des gorgones chez les travailleurs de la mer des îles de la Guadeloupe (Antilles françaises)
Authors: Philippot Véronique , Bouchon Claude , Hédouin Laetitia
Published: September 2014

La Guadeloupe est soumise aux programmes régionaux en faveur de la conservation de la biodiversité pour sauvegarder les écosystèmes récifaux soumis à la surpêche. Les producteurs halieutiques doivent intégrer les mesures légales à travers leurs pratiques traditionnelles dont l’apprentissage repose encore beaucoup sur une transmission directe de savoirs concrets et utiles. Les gorgones, éléments structurels des paysages coralliens, sont des organismes emblématiques aux Antilles. L’enjeu se joue entre cultures et savoirs différents, dans un contexte socio-économique qui évolue vite. Les 14 pêcheurs et mareyeurs interrogés en 2012 ont une connaissance empirique des fonds marins coralliens qu’ils traduisent difficilement dans le langage scientifique. Les termes génériques caye, corail et récif, bien utilisés, renvoient à l’idée d’un monde dynamique et flou plutôt qu’à des taxons zoologiques. Ils désignent une entité composite, mais identifiable, mêlant vivant et inerte, indispensable aux poissons. Le rapport des pêcheurs au benthos est surtout tactile, lié à la manipulation des filets et nasses. Les contacts perçus comme désagréables inspirent une méfiance exacerbée par des croyances dont la connotation spirituelle est à corroborer. La place des gorgones, incertaine, est associée à la flore. Une classification populaire basée sur les échanges oraux est proposée. Si le lexique est pauvre et que décrire est un exercice difficile, les formes réticulées montrées sont bien reconnues. L‘assimilation des messages en faveur de la protection du benthos autre que les coraux est donc problématique. Les gorgones recouvrent cependant une double valeur d’usage. Elles sont indissociables à l’idée de bonne pêche et sont la source d’un savoir territorial exploitable pour le tourisme.
Perception locale de la dynamique du peuplement ligneux des vingt dernières années au Sahel burkinabé
Authors: Ouoba Pounyala Awa , Dapola Evariste Constant Da , Pare Souleymane
Published: September 2014

Le Sahel ouest-africain a longtemps souffert de narrations négatives sur les tendances de son environnement depuis les sévères sécheresses des années 1970. Beaucoup de travaux antérieurs ont porté principalement sur les causes et les conséquences de la dégradation des écosystèmes. Au Burkina Faso, malgré l’existence de quelques études ethnobotaniques sur la dynamique de l’environnement au Sahel, la recherche sur la vision locale dans l’analyse de l’évolution de la végétation reste insuffisante. À travers des entretiens individuels menés auprès des populations locales, cette étude évalue leur perception de la dynamique du peuplement ligneux. Cent quatre-vingt-quatorze questionnaires ont été administrés dans trois villages situés au nord du pays. Les résultats montrent que dans l’ensemble, la majorité des enquêtés sont conscients et ont une très forte perception de l’évolution négative du couvert végétal de leur milieu. Quelques interviewés perçoivent une amélioration de la végétation avec une différence significative entre les trois villages sites. Il est donc nécessaire de prendre en compte ces diverses visions individuelles dans l’établissement des modes de gestion et pour la conservation durable des ressources naturelles.
De l’acceptabilité sociale au développement local résilient
Authors: Raufflet Emmanuel
Published: September 2014

Au cours des dernières années, les enjeux liés à l’acceptabilité sociale des activités économiques, en particulier dans le secteur extractif, se sont imposées comme des enjeux significatifs tant pour les entreprises, en tant qu’investisseurs directs et opérateurs des projets que pour les pouvoirs publics, comme promoteurs de projets de développement économique local et régional. Notre argument principal est que le mode de pensée vers le développement local résilient devrait remplacer celui promouvant la seule réalisation de l’acceptabilité sociale. En effet, la perspective d’obtention de l’acceptabilité sociale des activités économiques – comme approche centrée sur la prévention et la résolution de conflits souvent dans le court terme – est trop restreinte. Aussi, elle devrait être remplacée par une vision plus large vers la réalisation d’un développement local résilient autour de trois piliers : la diversification économique, la recherche de la cohésion sociale locale et la viabilité écologique. L’apport de cet article est double. D’abord, il fait le point sur la notion d’acceptabilité sociale des projets à partir de la littérature provenant du secteur des ressources naturelles. Ensuite, il identifie deux modes de pensée complémentaires afin de dépasser la simple focalisation sur l’acceptabilité sociale vers le développement local résilient.
La perception du risque et l'engagement dans des stratégies d'adaptation aux changements climatiques dans deux communautés côtières de la péninsule acadienne
Authors: Guillemot Julie , Mayrand Elise , Gillet Johane , Aubé Mélanie
Published: September 2014

Les communautés côtières sont déjà confrontées aux effets des changements climatiques et doivent progressivement réévaluer leurs pratiques de gestion des risques. Nous nous intéressons aux processus d’adaptation aux changements climatiques (CC) dans deux petites communautés côtières de la Péninsule acadienne, au Nouveau-Brunswick. Nous étudions les relations entre la perception du risque, le regard sur les options d’adaptation et l’engagement des acteurs dans des démarches ou des actions d’adaptation au CC, en combinant plusieurs méthodes de collecte de données et d’analyse quantitative et qualitative. Nous constatons qu’il n’y a pas toujours de relation directe entre une évaluation forte du risque et l’engagement des acteurs dans des actions d’adaptation. Par exemple, les répondants s’inquiètent davantage pour leur avenir collectif mais l’adaptation est encore largement individuelle et surtout réactive. Nous remarquons que, malgré la proximité géographique des deux sites et une perception comparable du risque côtier, l’engagement dans des stratégies d’adaptation diffère d’un site à l’autre. Cela nous amène à nous interroger sur les conditions favorables à une prise en compte des enjeux climatiques à l’échelle des communautés étudiées. La sensibilisation aux risques reste un élément nécessaire, mais pas suffisant. Des activités de transfert d’informations basées sur le vécu des acteurs locaux et l’accessibilité des solutions pourraient favoriser la mobilisation. Le processus d’accompagnement devrait aussi tenir compte des impacts économiques ou sociaux des mesures d’adaptation et des trajectoires de développement de chaque communauté. Pour qu’émergent des stratégies portées par la collectivité, les compétences à dialoguer autour d’enjeux complexes et incertains seraient à renforcer.
The Research of Monitoring System for Coal Bunker Based on a New Material Level Meter
Authors: Liu Jie , Xu Jin Ju
Published: September 2014

Problems of coal level measuring device, such as low accuracy and big error, make it difficult to monitor the real level of the coal in mugua mine, LvLiang, Shanxi. An automatic monitoring system consists of the SITRANS LR 460 radar coal level meter, S7-300 series PLC and configuration software is designed in this paper. By displaying the information of coal with the WinCC configuration management software in real time, functions such as automatic detection of the bunker level, overrun alarm are realized. The experimental results show that the SITRANS LR 460 has higher accuracy and stability under the high dust environment.
Improved Indoor Ultrasonic Positioning for Smartphones Using TDOA
Authors: Su Shuai , Zhao Fang , Jia Hong Wei
Published: September 2014

With the development of Internet and sensor network, relevant application have a more high desire for the positioning accuracy. Meanwhile, modern smartphones are a great platform for Location Based Services (LBS). While outdoor LBS for smartphones has proven to be very successful, indoor LBS for smartphones has not yet fully developed due to the lack of an accurate positioning technology. We present an accurate indoor positioning approach for commercial off-the-shelf (COTS
) smartphones that uses the innate ability of mobile phones to produce ultrasound, combined with Time-Difference-of-Arrival (TDOA) asynchronous trilateration. Ultrasonic signal transmission will cause ranging error, which may affect the precision of positioning. In order to solve this problem, this paper uses least squares straight line fitting method to compensate error and fix distance, then, uses weighted least squares methods to improve the positioning accuracy of the system.
A Kind of Deterministic Small-World Network Derived from Polygonal Nesting
Authors: Li Hui , Yuan Liang
Published: September 2014

A kind of deterministic small-world network is constructed based on polygonal nesting with discrete degree distribution. By adding contrapuntal edges and alternate-position edges between adjacent nests, the intra-nest edges and the long-range edges from the central node to certain outer layer nodes, the proposed polygonal nesting small-world (PNSW) networks have the property of large clustering coefficients. Also these kinds of PNSW networks have small diameter, average node degree and average path length, whose moments ofkorder are given.
Hybrid Cooling System for HVDC Convertor Valves
Authors: Wen Yu Liang , Leng Ming Quan , Zhang En Long , Zhang Zheng Guo , Chen Jian Ye
Published: September 2014

High Voltage Direct Current Transmission (HVDC), known as a future energy "highway", plays a key role in the history of electric power system development. In this paper, the present status and future prospect of HVDC convertor valves cooling system in china is analyzed. The performance of HVDC convertor valve cooling system is affected by dry, high temperature, cool weather and sand. Air cooling system is referred to be the most suitable outside cooling system of convertor valve in water scarce areas due to its many advantages such as the antifreezing ability, sand prevention and zero emission of sewage. A hybrid cooling system for cool storage system combined with air cooling system was presented. The experimental result shows this system can be used in desert area like Hami area etc.
Free Vibration Analysis of Stiffened Conical Shell with Variable Thickness Distribution
Authors: Ning Wei , Zhang Dong Sheng , Jia Ji Ling
Published: September 2014

The free vibrations of the stiffened hollow conical shells with different variable thickness distribution modes are investigated in detail in the context of Donnel-Mushtari conical shell theory. Two sets of boundary conditions have been considered. The algebraic energy equations of the conical shell and the stiffeners are established separately. The Rayleigh-Ritz method is used to equate maximum strain energy to maximum kinetic energy which leads to a standard linear eigenvalue problem. Numerical results are presented graphically for different geometric parameters. The parametric study reveals the characteristic behavior which is usefulis inuseful in selecting the shell thickness distribution modes and the stiffener type.
Stress Influence on Corrosion Resistance of Aluminum Alloy Surface
Authors: Wan Yi , Wang Zhen , Liu Zhan Qiang , Jiang Zhao Liang , Zhang Dong
Published: September 2014

C-ring specimen experiment was conducted combined with finite element method, in order to reveal the influence of residual stress on corrosion resistance of machined surface. The results show that pitting is the main corrosion type in marine water under stresses. Under compressive stresses, the distribution and expansion of corrosion pits extend along radial direction of C-ring. The corrosion depth and corrosion area ratio show that corrosion extent decreases with the increase of compressive stress. Finally, the results can be used to optimize cutting parameters.
A Study on Straightness of Deep Hole in Small-Diameter Drilling of Stainless Steel
Authors: Okuda Koichi , Yamaguchi Toshiya , Yamamoto Taizo , Takeda Tsubasa , Shizuka Hiroo
Published: September 2014

This paper describes influence of the cutting conditions on the hole shape accuracy in deep-hole machining of stainless steel with small-diameter drill. The drilling tests were carried out by changing the step feed, the rotational speed and the feed rate in order to investigate the relationship between the straightness of the hole and the cutting conditions. As a result, it was found that the thrust force decreased with a decrease in the step feed amount and accordingly the straightness was improved. By changing the drill in incremental step from short drill length to long drill length, the straightness was improved.
Cutting Performance of Binder-Less Nano-Polycrystalline cBN Tool
Authors: Harano Katsuko , Arimoto Keiko , Ishida Yuh , Sumiya Hitoshi
Published: September 2014

Binder-less nanopolycrystalline cBN (BL-PcBN) synthesized by direct conversion under high pressure and high temperature has a fine texture consisting of small cBN grains (<100nm), high hardness (40–50 GPa) and high transverse rupture strength (1.3–1.6 GPa). Their mechanical properties strongly depend on their starting materials and synthetic conditions. In this study, Ball-end mill tools prepared from several kinds of BL-PcBN synthesized under various conditions (8–20 GPa, 1500–2300oC) were examined for precision cutting of high-strength hardened steel comparing with conventional sintered cBN. A fine mirror-finish surface with Ra of 20 nm could be produced by precision BL-PcBN tools, while not by conventional sintered cBN tools. The tool wear of BL-PcBN synthesized from hBN at 10 GPa and 2200°C was four to five times less than that of conventional cBN. These results revealed that the BL-PcBN tools have excellent potential for precision cutting on ferrous materials.
Development of PCD Milling Tool for Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Plastics
Authors: Kitajima Takayuki , Kusuyama Jumpei , Yui Akinori , Fujii Katsuji , Itoh Yosuke
Published: September 2014

Interest in carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) has been growing for the last several years. CFRP, a composite material made of carbon fibers and resins, has high mechanical characteristics and is well known as a difficult-to-cut material. During the process of drilling or cutting of CFRP, tool wear and delamination occur frequently. In this study, the authors developed a milling tool for CFRP using polycrystalline diamond, and the cutting performance of the developed tool was investigated.
Study on Identification of Contact Stiffness Considering Surface Roughness
Authors: Nakamura Kyoko , Sakamoto Haruhisa
Published: September 2014

In previous study, the quantitative measurement method of contact stiffness of the joint considering real contact area is developed by experimental approach. However, the measurement of contact stiffness needs special device and skillful measuring technique. Therefore, in this paper, simplified calculation method with material properties and profile data of surface roughness obtained by profilometer is considered. As a result, real contact area, contact stiffness and contact spring stiffness calculated from specific wavelength of rough surface are near agreement with experimental value. Hence, it is revealed that there is dominant configuration in surface roughness.
Nonlinearity of Dependence of Integral Friction Index of Tribosystem from Hydrophilic Properties of Surface-Modified Metal Fillers
Authors: Nazarova E.A. , Syrkov A.G. , Brichkin V.N.
Published: September 2014

Linear and nonlinear components relation in integral index of friction (D) for tribosystem dependence on hydrophilic properties of metal fillers (M=Cu, Al, Ni) has been considered. Metal fillers (M=Cu, Al, Ni) have been modified in surface layer with quaternary ammonium compounds. It was found that systems with Cu-based fillers had sufficiently high and stable linear component. The best antifriction properties of tribosystem correspond to metal filler with maximum nonlinear component in D = f(a) dependence, where a is adsorption of water.
Polymer Composite Materials Based on Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Matrix Filled by Alumina Powders
Authors: Kovalevskaia O.V. , Gordeev Yuriy I. , Abkaryan Arthur K.
Published: September 2014

The paper presents the results of experimental investigation of formation microstructure and properties of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMW-PE), modified by ceramics А12О3 particles by different particle size and method of obtaining.
Design and Investigation of Hard Metal Composites Modified by Nanoparticles
Authors: Gordeev Yuriy I. , Abkaryan Arthur K. , Binchurov Aleksandr S. , Yasinski Vitaly B.
Published: September 2014

The influence of nanoparticles additives on the hard metals properties has been investigated. Nanoparticles introduced into a binder of average size decrease the metal interlayer and therefore increase the strength of binder and composite as a whole. The reduction of the carbide grain average size was found as well (owing to nanoparticles blocking influence on re-crystallization). Besides, the internal thermotension and adhesion wear decrease at high speed cutting (especially for stainless steel) in comparision with base hard metals. The test results display that the modification through ultrafme particles enables to improve the main properties: wear resistance – 1.6 - 2 - fold; fracture toughness – 1.8 - 2 - fold; transverse rupture toughness - at 25 - 50%; tool life – 1.3 - 4 - fold.
Radioabsorbing Materials Based on Polyurethane with Carbon Fillers
Authors: Suslyaev Valentin I. , Malinovskaya Tatyana D. , Melentyev Sergey V. , Dorozkin Kirill V.
Published: September 2014

Frequency dependences of transmission and reflection coefficients, dielectric permeability of composite materials with the various content of carbon fillers (technical carbon, graphite) in polyurethane varnish in ranges of frequencies 26–40 GHz and 110–260 GHz are experimentally investigated. It was found that composite material 0.4 mm thick with 4–5 % graphite mass content has a transmission coefficient of less than minus 7 dB in the whole investigated range of frequencies and can be effectively used in devices of protection from electromagnetic radiation.
Structure and Properties of Multilayered Composite Materials “Nickel - Nickel Aluminide” Obtained Using SPS Method
Authors: Sameyshcheva Tatyana , Mali Vyacheslav , Anisimov Alexander , Korchagin Michail , Shevtsova Lilia I. , Bysyina Sayina
Published: September 2014

The structural features of multilayered "metal - intermetallic" composite materials based on nickel and aluminum, obtained by SPS method have been investigated in this paper. The effect of sintering temperature on phase composition of the intermetallic layers was studied. The influence of intermetallic layers phase composition on the mechanical properties of the composites was estimated.
The Effect of Anisotropy in Polymeric Matrices on Compositional Properties at Various Temperatures
Authors: Bochkareva Svetlana A. , Grishaeva Natalia Yu. , Ljukchin Boris A. , Ljukchin Petr A. , Panin Sergey , Senatova Olga A. , Reutov Yuriy A.
Published: September 2014

The use of polymeric matrices with different crystalline degree values for the design of polymer compounds for tribotechnical purposes is demonstrated. The wear resistance of the provided material in question trends significantly in favor of compounds with greater crystalline degree values. Considering the macrolevel data, the level of the sampled materials carry almost equal effective stress-strain properties. Therefore this difference may be associated with local material properties which influence the rearrangement of stress-strain state parameters in polymeric matrices with changing crystalline degree values.
Transport of Reactants in Ultrathin Channels during the Etching Reaction
Authors: Petranovskii Vitalii , Espinosa Miguel Ángel Hernández , Kolobova Ekaterina , Pestryakov Alexey
Published: September 2014

By selective acid leaching, silica nanotubes were prepared from the natural mineral chrysotile asbestos. These one-dimensional tube actually represent a convolution of twodimensional layers, and the subsequent stacking the tubes into a hexagonal assembly generates three-dimensional body. Made materials are acid-and heat-resistant and can be used as feedstock in the manufacture of filters, or as matrices for the synthesis of nanomaterials.
Improving Characteristics of Austenitic Steels by Modification
Authors: Fedoseev S.N. , Lychagin D.V. , Sharafutdinova A.S.
Published: September 2014

The article considers the technology for producing GX120Mn13 steel with high manganese content altered by a special modifier in order to improve the constructional durability of the manufactured parts. The ultra-dispersed powder of refractory metal oxides is used for the modification process. The samples are produced in the series of casting and tested mechanically. The structural research demonstrates the improvement of the steel microstructure and its mechanical characteristics. It has also revealed that the size of an austenite grain and nonmetallic inclusions on grain boundaries are reduced, and sulphide inclusions are partially dissolved, which has a positive impact on the operation characteristics of the steel.
Influence of Nanopowders on Corrosion Resistance of Welded Joints
Authors: Kuznetsov Maxim , Zernin Evgenii , Zhuravkov Sergey P. , Yavorovsky Nikolay
Published: September 2014

The paper presents experimental results on influence of tungsten, molybdenum nanopowders and aluminum oxyhydroxide phase introduced into the molten pool on the corrosion resistance of welded joints. It was shown that the nature of nanopowders significantly impacts intercrystalline corrosion of the welding joint.
Investigation of the Properties of Alumina-Zirconia Ceramics
Authors: Ivashutenko Aleksander S. , Kabyshev Alexandr V. , Martyushev Nikita V. , Vidayev Igor G.
Published: September 2014

The article focuses on the investigation of the properties of alumina-zirconia ceramics possessing high mechanical characteristics and good conductivity at high temperatures. Measurement results of the dielectric dissipation factor, dielectric constant, electric conductivity when using direct and alternating current for the ceramics samples of 80%(ZrO2-3%Y2O3)-20% Al2O3 composition are presented in the paper. Measurements were conducted simultaneously in the electrostatic field in vacuum while heating the samples to the temperatures ranging from 300 to 1700K. Investigations showed that alumina-zirconia ceramics at high temperatures obtains ferroelectric properties not typical of these structures.
Research into the Causes of the Cracking of Large Workpieces Low Carbon Steel by Pressure Treatment
Authors: Valuev Denis V. , Danilov V.I. , Serikbol A. , Valueva A.V.
Published: September 2014

Research using electronic microscope was carried out to study the structural and phase and deflected mode of material of hot-forged billets. It was revealed that the scalar density of dislocations in ferritic grains and in ferritic perlite layers of forging steel which cracked after manufacturing operations is one and a half time higher than in conditions material. Metal in this condition has higher content of sulfide of plate-type morphology. It has established that the reason of unwanted structural and phase condition is high carbon content, which lead to overheat of metal both in plastic working and final heat treatment.
New Effective and Environmental Friendly Method for the Hydrodediazoniation of Arenediazonium Tosylates Using Fe-Core/Carbon-Shell Nanoparticles
Authors: Morozova Maria A. , Trusova Marina E. , Kutonova Ksenia V. , Filimonov Victor D.
Published: September 2014

A simple green method for the hydrodediazoniation of arenediazoniumtosylates in water solutions in the presence of Fe-core/carbon-shell nanoparticles as a reagent was developed. In this course, nanoparticles were used as a hydrogen source, but not water.
Ceramic Pigments with the Diortosilicate Structure Based on the Dicalcium Silicate
Authors: Sedelnikova Maria , Pautova Y.I. , Pogrebenkov Valeriy M. , Shulzhenko Alexandra S.
Published: September 2014

The possibility of ceramic pigments synthesis using industrial waste is studied. These raw materials will lower production costs of ceramic pigments. The synthesized pigments can be recommended for obtaining on-glaze ceramic paints and volume coloring of ceramic pastes in the manufacture of construction materials.
Heat-Insulating Materials Obtaining from Dispersive Screenings of Construction Sand
Authors: Kazmina Olga , Dushkina Maria , Volland Svetlana , Lebedeva Elena
Published: September 2014

It is established that the eliminations of construction sand with the content of SiO2 about 70 wt. % and particle size less than 60 mk are suitable for the production of a foamglass-crystal material on the basis of the low-temperature frit, which was synthesized at the temperature 900 °C. The obtained foamglass-crystal material exceeds foamglass (by 3.0 times) and clayite (by 1.5 times) by strength and is characterized by low value of water absorption (0.1 %).
p-Nitrotoluene Bromination Using Barium Fluorobromate Ba(BrF4)2
Authors: Sobolev Vasily , Radchenko Vyacheslav , Ostvald Roman , Filimonov Victor D. , Zherin Ivan
Published: September 2014

It was shown that Ba (BrF4)2 acts like a highly-active brominating agent in case of interaction with p-nitrotoluene, the pure 3-bromo-nitrotoluene is formed. It was shown, that typical electrophilic bromination of aromatic compound with electron-donating and electron-accepting substituents occurs without any catalysts and hard conditions.
Electrophysical Characteristics of Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor Structures Comprising CdHgTe-Based Quantum Wells
Authors: Voitsekhovskii A.V. , Gorn D.I.
Published: September 2014

Description of theoretical model for energy-band spectrum calculation for the heteroepitaxial CdHgTe (MCT) structures grown by molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE) method with the single quantum wells (QW) is presented in this work. This computation model allows to calculate different electro-physical properties of this structures and allows to explain features of their C-V and G-V characteristics in the wide temperature range, i.e. from “helium” till room temperatures. This scientific work was carried out in the network of Tomsk State University Competitiveness Improvement Program.
Research of Water-Alcohol Solution Permittivity at Phase Transition by Radiophysics Method
Authors: Kochetkova T.D. , Pavlova A.A.
Published: September 2014

This study presents the research of water-alcohol solution phase transition by permittivity changing. Complex permittivity was measured by open-end-coaxial method in frequency range 500 MHz – 40 GHz. We varied temperature from 240 K to 310 K and ethanol content from 10 % to 80 %. Temperature dependencies of permittivity for water-alcohol solutions were obtained and the patterns of variation of those solidification temperatures were established.
Synthesis of Trans- or Cis- Ethyl 5-Chloropent-4-Enoates
Authors: Sunagatullina Alisa Sh.
Published: September 2014

Effective methods of synthesis of ethyl (4E)- and ethyl (4Z)-5-chloropent-4-enoates, the key precursors for various biologically active compounds were developed.
Mathematical Model of Iron Reduction with Aluminothermic Method
Authors: Potianikhin Dmitrii A. , Komarov Oleg N.
Published: September 2014

Utilization of industrial waste in foundry engineering is one of approaches for decrease of production cost price. This technological process may be based on exothermic oxidation-reduction reaction with the resulting formation of iron from dross. Initial charge mixture consists of dispersed aluminum, iron dross and admixtures. This paper is concerned with mathematical modeling of thermite steel production. Presented model takes into account thermal, mechanical and kinetic processes occurring in aluminothermic method of steel melt production.
Modeling of Gas Multistage Separation to Increase Stock Tank Oil
Authors: Khamukhin Alexander A. , Nikolayev Eugenii V.
Published: September 2014

The study gas multistage separation at the preliminary preparation of crude oil by means of computer simulation was performed. Different models have been used as the phase state equations in HYSYS software: Peng-Robinson, Grayson-Street-Choa-Seeder, Peng-Robinson-Twu, Suave-Redlich-Kwong, Twu-Sim-Tassone. The carry-over saving of liquid oil components into off gases approximately is 40–60% while optimizing thermobaric conditions of the separation was obtained. The semi-empirical model obtained on the basis statistical processing of the results of laboratory experiments was proposed. The proposed semi-empirical model has a slight deviation for the first and the second separators. There is a negative effect in the third separator, but it is not significant in comparison with the positive effect in the first and the second separators.
Modeling of Physical and Chemical Processes of Anodic Bonding Technology
Authors: Pshchelko N.S. , Sevryugina M.P.
Published: September 2014

Modeling ideas of physical and chemical processes when using an anodic bonding for materials connection are developed. The kinetics of a charge accumulation in an electrode region in a dielectric is considered. The thickness of a charge layer, electric fields strength and value of the ponderomotive pressure providing connection of materials are calculated. It is shown that the necessary ponderomotive pressure resulting in a dielectric-to-conductor seal is normally about ten MPa and the time required is about ten minutes.
Modeling of the Sulfur-Bituminous Concrete Mix Compaction
Authors: Gladkikh Vitaliy , Korolev Evgenij Valerjevich , Smirnov Vladimir Alexeevich
Published: September 2014

Modern construction industry is in need of new building materials with improved operational properties. One of such materials is the sulfur-bituminous concrete – composite with matrix formed from sulfur and bitumen mix. Despite the high values of operational properties and economic efficiency of such concrete, there is the lack of necessary knowledge about technological properties of sulfur-bituminous concrete mix. The results of numerical modeling can be used to make initial decisions concerning values of control variables (relevant to mixture and technology). In the given work we present short review of the model and simulation algorithm involving particle systems as a material’s model and discuss the modeling results obtained during numerical studies of compaction process of sulfur-bitumen concrete. It is shown that for aggregates with size of one centimeter the optimal value of average thickness of the sulfur-bitumen layer is near to the one millimeter. Concrete mixes for which this condition is met can be characterized by dense structure similar to face-centered cubic.
Simulation and Modeling Software in Chemical Technology: Polymerization of Vinyl Chloride
Authors: Shulaeva E.A. , Kovalenko Yu.F. , Shulaev N.S.
Published: September 2014

This article describes the simulation and modeling software for the process of polymerization of vinyl chloride suspension process for automatic control and maintaining of optimum modes of chemical transformations. Simulation and modeling software operating in the training mode allows acquiring the skills of process control and in supervisory mode to evaluate the level of training of operating personnel.
Thermal-Diffusive Stability of Counterflow Premixed Flames at Low Lewis Numbers
Authors: Mokrin Sergey , Fursenko R.V. , Minaev S.S.
Published: September 2014

Dynamics of radiative, near-limit, stretched premixed flames is investigated analytically and numerically. Investigation of counterflow premixed flames stability is important for the development of new combustion technologies such as those associated with low-NOx emission, lean burn and material synthesis. Emphasis is paid on the linear stability of multiple flame regimes. The present analysis, for the first time, gives out a dispersion equation describing growth rate of small spatial perturbations of the flame front. The stability diagram is obtained and the region of instability is distinguished.
Plasma Processing in Industry of Building Materials
Authors: Bruyako Mihail G. , Glukhoedov Vladimir Alexeevich , Kravtsova Dar'ya V. , Smirnov Vladimir , Ushkov Valentin A.
Published: September 2014

The equipment for plasma processing with specific area of application – production of building materials – is proposed. For the proposed equipment the examination of possibilities is carried out. It was shown that plasma processing significantly affects the components of concrete – portland cement, fine filler (silica) and water. The treatment of portland cement leads to crystalline hydrate shell destruction and removal of chemically bound water. This, in turn, leads to the increase of strength by 15-20%. Plasma processing significantly changes the state of the fine filler. The total surface area of such a filler decreases due to flash-off effects. In Raman spectra all strong peaks of crystalline quartz disappear, and amorphization of quartz takes place after processing. If both cement and fine filler are processed than strength can be increased by 30%. By means of plasma processing of water it is possible not only to enlarge the strength of mortar, but also to increase the rate of curing. The improvement of properties is probably due to changes of hydration completeness in case of activated water.
The Influence of Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering on Biodegradable Polymers Surface Properties
Authors: Malchikhina Alena I. , Bolbasov Evgeny N. , Tverdokhlebov Sergei I.
Published: September 2014

The paper investigated the modifying possibility of the biodegradable polymer materials surface (polylactic acid and polycaprolactone) in radio frequency discharge plasma, initiating hydroxyapatite solid target sputtering. It was demonstrated that discharge plasma treatment adjusts the surface properties of biodegradable polymers – surface free energy and the wetting angle. The disadvantage of biodegradable polymers, limiting their use in reconstructive medicine, is their hydrophobicity. The surface of biodegradable polymers becomes hydrophilic after modification.
Sources with Different Spectra Radiation Influence on Plants Growth and Development
Authors: Yakovlev Alexey N. , Turanov S.B. , Kozyreva I.N. , Starodubtseva Darja V.
Published: September 2014

The article contains results of experimental studies, concerning the influence of sources with different spectra radiation on lettuce crop growth and development. The differential characteristic of the research is the use of RGBW light emitting diodes (LED) based modules. Prospects of LED based modules for radiation of plants are shown.
Conjugate Heat Transfer in the Interaction of the Viscous Liquid with Technological Elements of Energy Systems in Conditions of their Internal Contour Moving
Authors: Krainov Alexander V. , Pashkov E.N. , Ponomaryov Andrey V.
Published: September 2014

The paper presents the numerical research of conjugate heat exchange and hydrodynamics in the motion of viscous fluid in the technological elements of energy systems (cavities) in the consideration of its damage. The hydrodynamic figure of the motion viscous fluid and its temperature fields for solid and fluid phases obtained. The model parameters influence on the motion of the heat carrier and the distribution of temperatures in two phases have been studied. The impact of dynamic parameters and geometrical characteristics for the formation of contours generating craters studied.
Investigation of Sensitivity of Aluminum Foil Based Strain Sensors at Fatigue Damage Evaluation of CFRP
Authors: Burkov Mikhail V. , Panin Sergey , Lyubutin Pavel S. , Eremin Alexander V.
Published: September 2014

For the development of a technique for cyclic deformation assessment using aluminum foil sensors glued onto the specimen surface the fatigue tests of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) specimens were carried out. The DSLR camera mounted onto an optical microscope was used for capturing the images of sensors to reflect strain induced relief, which than was numerically estimated using various informative parameters in order to obtain the cyclic deformation assessment of composite. The results are discussed in view of application of this method for the development of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) approach.
Predictive Modelling of the Warming up Times for Thermoelectric Converters
Authors: Atroshenko Yuliana K. , Ozerova Irina P. , Strizhak Pavel A.
Published: September 2014

In the present article the question of simulation of nonstationary process of heat transport in a sensitive element of the thermoelectric transformer with an uninsulated seal is considered. The model allows defining and comparing the heating time of a thermocouple junction up to the given temperature for different types of thermocouples. In this article the values obtained by means of modelling the heat time of different thermocouples and also a temperature field in a sensitive element of the thermoelectric transformer are given.