bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Determinants of Consanguineous Marriages among the Arab Population: A Systematic Review
Authors: El Goundali Khaddouj , Chebabe Milouda , Zahra Laamiri Fatima , Hilali Abderraouf
Published: February 2022

Background: Inbreeding continues to account for a significant proportion of marriages among the Arab populations. Consanguinity is recognized in many studies as a significant factor affecting the health of the individual over several generations and poses a real public health problem. This systematic review was conducted to identify the determinants of consanguineous marriage among the Arab population published in the literature.
Methods: This systematic review of the determinants of consanguinity among Arab populations was conducted using databases: PubMed, Medline, Direct Science, Scopus, Web of sciences, Springer, Google scholar between 2000 and 2020. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were set. The selection steps were carried out based on PRISMA guidelines. Disagreements in article selection and data extraction were resolved by discussion or recourse to a third reviewer
Results: Overall, 25 studies were selected. The synthesis of the results concerning the determinants of Arab inbreeding revealed that several economic, socio-cultural and demographic factors seem to be associated with the choice of this type of marriage, such as socioeconomic status, low level of education especially among women, early age at first marriage, place of residence especially in rural areas, and women's status in the labor market.
Conclusion: The relationship between consanguinity and economic, socio-cultural, and demographic factors may be country-specific and highly dependent on the cultural context. Public awareness of genetic risks associated with inbreeding is indispensable.
The Effectiveness of Fluoride Varnish and Fissure Sealant in Elementary School Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Jafarzadeh Dariush , Rezapour Ramin , Abbasi Teimour , Tabrizi Jafar Sadegh , Zeinolabedini Maryam , Khalili Assef , Yousefi Mahmood
Published: February 2022

Background: Highly necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of preventive interventions to prioritize them at the community level. We aimed to systematically investigate the related studies on the effects of fluoride varnish and fissure sealant on dental caries in 6-12 children.
Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Scopus databases using Fluoride Varnish, Fissure Sealant, Caries, and Oral Health keywords. The timeframe selected to search for articles is from 2000 to Dec 2020. CMA software: 2 (Comprehensive Meta-Analysis) was used to perform the meta-analysis. The intervention groups in this study were fluoride varnish and fissure sealants, each of them compared to the control groups.
Results: We included nine studies. In the intervention group 84,380 and control group 11,254 individuals were studied. Eight of the studies were Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT) and Field RCT, and two was non-RCT. In the overall Fluoride Varnish efficacy study, 4 were fully effective, 1 was ineffective, and all 4 were completely effective for Fissure Sealant. There was a significant difference between decayed, missing, and filled permanent teeth (DMFT) and decayed, missing, and filled primary teeth (dmft) indices in both interventions and comparison groups. Moreover, the mean difference of DMFT for Fluoride Varnish and Fissure Sealant in the intervention and control groups were -0.55 and -0.29, respectively (P=0.00).
Conclusion: Due to the efficacy of fissure sealant and fluoride varnish in preventing dental caries in children aged 6-12 yr, these interventions can be considered as health priorities of societies and health systems interventions in countries.
Survival Rate and Prognostic Factors in Turkish Women Patients with Breast Cancer
Authors: Zorlutuna Şebnem
Published: February 2022

Background: The study aimed to estimate the overall and disease-free survival rates of breast cancer patients and the factors affecting these rates.
Methods: In this retrospective study, data were obtained from 686 patients diagnosed with breast cancer in Sivas Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Medicine Research and Application Hospital Oncology Center between 1988 and 2014. Total population sampling method was used. The survival rates at certain periods were determined by creating a Life Table. By using the Kaplan-Meier Analysis, the mean survival times and rates were determined, and whether the variables had an impact on survival was examined. By applying Cox regression analysis, the effect of prognostic factors that are significant on the survival time of breast cancer patients was examined.
Results: Overall mean survival time was found as 208.4±11.8 months. According to Kaplan-Meier analysis, 1, 5, 10 and 20-years overall survival rates were 96.6 ± 0.07%, 82.3 ± 1.7%, 64.4 ± 3.4% and 49%± 7.4%, respectively. According to Cox regression analysis results, variables that influence overall survival time were found as disease stage, multicentricity status, ECOG (performance status), presence of diabetes, CA15-3 value, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio. Moreover, variables that had an impact on the disease-free survival time were found as tumor grade, multicentricity, and ECOG.
Conclusion: Many factors other than disease can prolong survival or accelerate death. Considering the findings of this study may be useful in planning the treatment of breast cancer patients have positive affect on overall survival rates.
Spatial Analysis of Antenatal Care and Low Birth Weight against Neonatal Mortality Rate in Aceh Province, Indonesia
Authors: Nurjannah Nurjannah , Marisa Marisa , Sari Etika
Published: February 2022

Background: Similar to Indonesia, Aceh Province also showed a slight decline in neonatal mortality rate. However, the rate is still high compared to other provinces. Efforts to reduce neonatal mortality rate are essential because neonatal deaths contributed up to 71% of all under-five deaths in 2017 in Aceh. Antenatal care and low birth weight are known to be associated with neonatal mortality. The purpose of this study was to map district-level neonatal mortality rate and its determinants (antenatal care and low birth weight) in Aceh to inform policymakers in planning the interventions.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using publicly available secondary data obtained from Aceh Provincial Health Office. The study used the 2017 data of neonatal mortality rate, percent of 4th antenatal care visit and percent of low birth weight at district level. Thematic maps were produced using ArcMap (V.10.5). The correlation was analyzed using the Spearman rank test.
Results: The results indicated the regional variation of neonatal mortality rate across Aceh Province. Districts in the Southern region had lower neonatal mortality rates compared to others. Low birth weight was positively correlated with neonatal mortality rate at district level (Spearman’s Rho=0.545, P=0.007). However, the percent of 4th antenatal care visit at district level was not correlated with neonatal mortality rate (Spearman’s Rho= -0.35, P=0.097).
Conclusion: The study identified regional variations of neonatal mortality rate, low birth weight and ante natal care visit.
Impact of Particulate Matter Exposure Duration and Intensity on Circulating Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines
Authors: Cho Su-Youn , So Wi-Young , Roh Hee-Tae
Published: February 2022

The article's abstract is not available.
Frequency of Human Hydatidosis of People Referring to the Health Centers in Sistan, Southeastern Iran
Authors: Hataminezhad Maryam , Azizi Hakim , Dabirzadeh Mansour , Aryaiepour Mojgan , Afshari Mahdi
Published: February 2022

The article's abstract is not available.
Evaluation of Microleakage and Biocompatibility of Universal Adhesive Containing Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles: A Comparative In Vitro Study
Authors: Koohpeima F , Mokhtari MJ , Salari M
Published: February 2022

Background & Objective: Although dental composites have undergone a high level of development in recent years, there are still difficulties including microleakage. The incorporation of nanoparticles (NPs) in dental materials can produce antibacterial effects, but the effect of TiO2 NPs on microleakage has not yet been investigated. The present study aimed to determine the effect of TiO2 NPs incorporation in the universal single bond and pretreatment with them on microleakage of clV cavities using both total-etch and self-etch approaches.
Materials & Methods: Standard clV cavities were prepared on the buccal surfaces of the sixty non-carious human molar teeth. The restoration of samples was carried out with 6 different methods and randomly divided into six groups of ten subjects. Microleakage in both gingival and occlusal margins was determined after placement in 2% basic fuschin solution for 24h. Biocompatibility of a universal single bond was evaluated by MTT assay.
Results: In both occlusal and gingival margins in all groups, the application of TiO2 NPs was better than no application. We observed the relatively low cytotoxic effect of TiO2 NPs incorporated in the universal adhesive on NIH-3T3 cell viability.
Conclusion: Regarding the limitations of the present investigation, using TiO2 NPs with both total-etch and self-etch approaches to universal single bond may lead to a decrease in the microleakage of resin composite restorations.
Histopathological changes caused by noise exposure in lung, heart, kidney, and liver tissues in New Zealand white rabbits
Authors: Abouee Mehrizi Amirreza , Rasoulzadeh Yahya , Moucheshi Shamseddin Saed , Mehdipour Ahmad
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Noise exposure is a common phenomenon in all personal   life activities. Due to the prevalence of exposure to noise, many people are exposed to noise. Some of the harmful effects of noise on human health have been proven so far. The purpose of this study was to experiment histopathological effects caused by exposure to white noise.
Materials and methods: Four New Zealand white rabbits were exposed to 85±2 dB white noise for five consequent days. Heart, kidney, liver, and lung tissues were studied by the Hematoxylin and Eosin staining (H&E) method. The independent t-test was used for comparing the mean weight of tissues.
Results: This study showed that exposure  to  85±2  dB  white  noise  did not significantly change heart and lungs tissues. Nevertheless, this study indicated that exposure to  noise  induced  different  pathological  changes  in kidney and liver tissues. Exposure to noise made congestion, unclear brush border, and tubular cell vacuolization in kidney tissue. Moreover, eosinophilic cytoplasm was made by noise exposure in liver tissue. Furthermore, no statistically significant difference was detected in the mean tissue weight/mean body weight in rabbits.
Conclusion: This study showed that exposure to noise might be a risk factor for different renal and hepatic diseases. Nevertheless, more studies need to complete these results.
Evaluation of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) concentration in the city of Khorramabad gas stations using AERMOD and ArcGIS
Authors: Rashidi Rajab , Faridan Mohammad , Kamarehie Bahram , Azimi Faramarz
Published: February 2022

Introduction: In the present study, the emission of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) from gas stations located in the city of Khorramabad and its impact on the environment was investigated based on the AERMOD dispersion model and the preparation of maps in Geographic Information System (GIS).
Materials and methods: 7 gas stations were randomly selected and the values of VOCs emission in two seasons of the year (winter and summer) were examined. The Phochek 5000 direct reading device was used to measure VOC concentrations. R 3.6.3 was used for the data analysis.
Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference among the gas stations in terms of VOCs emission (P>0.05). The highest mean concentration observed at gas station No. 6 with 7.7± 6.48 mg/m3 while    the lowest concentration was at gas station number 3 with a concentration  of 0.52±0.18 mg/m3. The results from the anova revealed that there was a significant difference between the seasons in terms of the VOCs emission (P<0.05). The mean concentration of the VOCs was 3.58±2.77 mg/m3 in the summer and 2.53±2.4 mg/m3 in the winter.
Conclusion: Based on the results, the highest estimated concentration in the summer was recorded in the vicinity of gas station No. 6, which is located below Imam Hossein square. Due to the proximity of gas station No. 5 to gas station No. 6 as well as being in the direction of the prevailing wind, the concentrations of VOC emitted by these two gas stations will increase the estimated concentration around Imam Hossein square.
Challenges in Providing Reproductive and Gynecologic Care to Women with Intellectual Disabilities: A Review of Existing Literature
Authors: Singh Shrestha Prakriti , Ishak Angela , Maskey Upasana , Neupane Purushottam , Sarwar Sarosh , Desai Shreeya , Naffa Faris , Cuevas Lou Claudia Maria , Diaz-Miret Miguel
Published: February 2022

Objective: Our review aims to focus on identifying challenges faced by intellectually disabled women (IDW) in receiving gynecological and reproductive care and also highlights evidence based strategies to overcome those challenges.
Materials and methods: We conducted a literature review discussing challenges faced by IDW in obtaining healthcare services by thorough search on various electronic databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus) starting from 2000 to 28 August 2021 excluding all non-english articles, reviews, editorials and letters to editor. The keywords used for search were “reproductive care”, “gynecologic care”, “intellectual disability”, “mental handicap”, and "mental retardation".
Results: The existing literature review showed that IDW have difficulty maintaining menstrual hygiene and lack knowledge regarding contraception use and sexual health resulting in violations of their reproductive rights. Sexually transmitted diseases and cervical cancer are common among IDW due to their vulnerability to sexual abuse. Nulliparity in IDW increases their suspectibility to even breast cancer. Moreover, they face problems with sexually transmitted infection (STI) and cancer screening due to physical barriers for assessment, low socio-economic status, physician-patient communication issues and deficit in skilled providers. Short acting sedatives such as ketamine or midazolam can be used to overcome challenges faced with gynecological and obstetric examination. Finally forced sterilization and institutionalization has been a habitual practice as menstrual hygiene and pregnancy in IDW raise concerns on psychosocial challenges along with associated obstetric complications.
Conclusion: Reproductive and sexual health education including contraception use can be provided by using evidence based strategies involving use of pictures, animations and models by adequately trained healthcare providers including midwives. Further research involving IDW is needed to allow state-wise laws and policies to be created to mitigate the challenges and improve health outcomes in this population.
Study Factors Involved in Maternal Deaths Attributed to COVID-19 in a Disadvantaged Area in Southeast of Iran
Authors: Moudi Zahra , Tabatabaei Seyed Mehdi , Mollashahi Sedighe Share , Zaboli Maryam
Published: February 2022

Objective: It is a fact that coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) infection mortality rate is high, but the question is "what is the role of other factors in maternal death with COVID-19?" The present study aimed to understand the factors that prevent women from timely use of healthcare services and also the potential weaknesses of the healthcare system that cause the lack of quality healthcare services for women.
Materials and methods: This case-series study was performed in the southeast of Iran. In total, 12 cases of maternal deaths attributed to COVID-19 were identified through the Iranian Maternal Mortality Surveillance System. The required information was collected through existing verbal autopsy data sets. In some cases, the family members had to be re-contacted and healthcare workers were asked to supply the missing information. The root cause analysis method was employed for data analysis.
Results: From March 2020 to March 2021, the deaths of 12 women were attributed to COVID-19. The majority of these women lived in rural areas (58%) and had a secondary school education level or less (83.3%). The contributing factors were divided into three categories: barriers at the community level (no prenatal care, lack of trust, lack of recognition of the severity of disease, and attribution of symptoms to something else), at the primary health system level, and at the hospital level (fear of staff of being infected, non-compliance with guidelines, lack of team working, and problem with telehealth).
Conclusion: The socio-cultural context and unmet healthcare needs hinder the utilization of available services. Moreover, factors at the level of the healthcare system prevent the timely detection and referral of women with COVID-19 to receive quality healthcare services. Using telehealth also did not help to appropriately triage pregnant women.
The Effect of COVID -19 Pandemic on Outcome of Assisted Reproductive Technology; a Report from a Single Infertility Center
Authors: Hossein Rashidi Batool , Bandarian Mahin , Bandarian Fatemeh , Shahrokh Tehraninejad Ensieh , Jafarabadi Mina
Published: February 2022

Objective: COVID-19 pandemic has affected all aspects of human life including social, economic, healthy behaviors and even individual relationships. This study aimed to investigate the effect of corona virus outbreak on assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcome.
Materials and methods: In this retrospective and prospective cohort, 260 ART cycles of ovum pick up (OPU), fresh embryo transfer (ET) and frozen embryo transfer (FET) were evaluated in 223 women (from December 2019 to February 2020) and during COVID-19 outbreak (February and July 2020) in an infertility center. Primary and secondary outcomes of ART cycles including chemical and clinical pregnancy rate were evaluated.
Results: The mean±SD (standard deviation) age of women was 34.17±6.56 years. Chemical and clinical pregnancy rates were 23.91% (33/138) per embryo transfer and 75.8% (25/33) per positive pregnancy test, respectively while ongoing pregnancy was seen only in 69.7% (23/33) of those with positive pregnancy test. Spontaneous abortion rate was 15.15% (5/33) per laboratory pregnancy. COVID-19 symptoms were reported in 2.83% and 15.38% of women during and after ART cycles, respectively.
Conclusion: It seems that COVID-19 pandemic has not negative effect on outcome of ART cycles except for cancelation rate due to COVID-19 that increased at the beginning of COVID-19 outbreak as it was unknown at that time and awareness was limited.
Evaluation of Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Stenting as Palliative Treatment in Severely Cyanotic Tetralogy of Fallot: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies
Authors: Laurentius Andrea , Wiyono Lowilius , Dominique Subali Anita , Siagian Sisca Natalia
Published: February 2022

Background: Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) is a cardiac malformation that accounts for up to 1/10 of all congenital diseases. Although surgical repair serves as a treatment of choice, it cannot be performed unless weight and anatomical key factors are favorable. The stenting of the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) has become an alternative palliative procedure for ToF as an option to alleviate infundibular obstruction with minimal invasion.
Methods: A literature search was conducted through 7 databases, followed by the screening and independent assessment of 6 final studies, using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS). Analysis was then conducted using inverse variance analysis, and cumulative data were presented with forest and funnel plots.
Results: Studied patients were referred for RVOT stenting due to the marked obstruction of the pulmonary blood flow, a low birth weight, or a small pulmonary artery size. The analysis revealed a significant increase in O2 saturation (mean difference [MD=18%; 13–23.78). The same trend was observed concerning an increase in the Nakata index (MD=54.59; 10.05–99.14), the right pulmonary artery diameter (MD=2.28; 1.20–3.36), and the left pulmonary artery diameter (MD=1.77; 0.22–3.32).  Several complications were found, including tricuspid regurgitation and frequent premature beats.
Conclusion: RVOT stenting is considered a feasible palliative treatment for ToF, with its high effectiveness in improving patients’ condition, especially their pulmonary flow. While complications are scarce, several conditions should be noted, particularly for fatal complications. Finally, this study has limitations as catheterization details in studies and diverse infants’ conditions may have caused potential bias
Evaluating the Performance of Unenhanced Computed Tomography in the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Ehsanbakhsh Alireza , Hatami Farbod , Valizadeh Niloufar , Khorashadizadeh Nasrin , Norouzirad Farshad
Published: February 2022

Background: Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) as the gold-standard examination in the detection of pulmonary embolism (PE) is contraindicated or unavailable in certain cases. The current study aimed to assess the accuracy of unenhanced CT in the diagnosis of PE.
Methods: This cohort study was conducted between October 2020 and March 2021 in Birjand, Iran, on 195 participants with clinical suspicion of PE examined with multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) scanning and CTPA. The patients were categorized into 2 groups based on the diagnosis PE in CTPA results. Imaging variables in unenhanced CT scans, including hyper/hypodense intraluminal signs, pulmonary trunk enlargements, peripheral wedge-shaped opacities, and pleural effusions, were independently reviewed by 2 radiologists and then compared between the groups.
Results: There were 82 men (42.1%) and 113 women (57.9%) at a mean age ± standard deviation of 56.00±0.24 years. Based on CTPA results, PE was diagnosed in 24.1% of the study population (47/195). However, only 20 cases (42.5%) were detected by MDCT: 17 cases (85.0%) with central PE and 3 cases (15.0%) with peripheral PE. Concerning the intraluminal clot density, 12 patients (60.0%) had hyperdense signs, 3 (15.0%) had hypodense signs, and 5 (25.0%) had mixed hyper/hypodense signs. There was a significant difference between central PE and peripheral PE detected by MDCT. Intraluminal signs had the highest specificity and sensitivity (98.6% and 42.5%, area under the curve =0.734).
Conclusion: Unenhanced MDCT has a remarkable performance in detecting PE, specifically central clots, and can, therefore, be considered an alternative modality when CTPA is not available or indicated.
Biatrial Myxoma with a Shared Stalk: A Case Report
Authors: Toufan Mehrnoush , Khezerlou-Aghdam Naser , Masoumi Shahab , Dehghan Mahshid , Akhgari Aisan
Published: February 2022

Myxomas are rare cardiac neoplasms and may present as single or multiple tumors. Only a few cases of single biatrial myxomas have been reported. We report a very rare case of this condition in a middle-aged woman, presenting with exertional dyspnea and cough. The patient had a resting tachycardia of 105 beats per minute, and cardiac auscultation discovered a mid-diastolic murmur across the mitral valve, followed by a tumor plop focused on the apex and elevated levels of C-reactive protein (1+) and creatine phosphokinase in lab data. The diagnosis was made via transesophageal and transthoracic echocardiographic examinations, showing the tumor extension through a patent foramen ovale (PFO). The operation was undertaken, the myxoma was excised, and the PFO was repaired. She was discharged with no further complications. Although myxomas are rare, considering this condition before surgery is significant. The involvement of both atria via a PFO is possible.
Intravenous Leiomyomatosis with Intracardiac Extension as a Rare Cause of Abdominal Pain in an Adult Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Kılıç Şahhan , Çınar Tufan , Çiçek Vedat , Asal Suha , Selçuk Murat , Keskin Muhammed , Güner Mehtap , Turan Ahmet , Lütfullah Orhan Ahmet
Published: February 2022

Intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVL) is a rare and benign smooth muscle tumor that arises from intrauterine venules or the myometrium. We herein describe a 49-year-old woman with a history of myomectomy who developed abdominal pain. An intravascular mass with extension to the right atrium was detected in the inferior vena cava. The mass was surgically resected in a single stage under cardiopulmonary bypass. IVL features were indicated by subsequent histopathology. Postoperatively, the patient was diagnosed with massive pericardial effusion and treated with a pericardial window. At 3 months’ outpatient clinical follow-up, she was asymptomatic. This case indicates that the diagnosis of IVL with extension to the heart should be kept in mind in patients presenting with abdominal pain.
Aerodynamic Study of the Parachute Container Hatch Door with Various Design Parameters in its Separation from the Reentry Vehicle
Authors: Kalugin V.T. , Lutsenko A.Y. , Slobodyanyuk D.M.
Published: February 2022

The paper focuses on the aerodynamic characteristics of the parachute container hatch door with various design parameters in its separation from the reentry vehicle. Dynamic meshes in the FlowVision package were used in numerical calculations. Not taking into account the gravitational forces, we obtained the trajectories of movement and the kinematic parameters of the hatch door, as well as its aerodynamic characteristics for various design parameters. The study revealed the cases in which it is possible to avoid collisions with the reentry vehicle.
Tempus fugit. Analiza metafor czasu – propozycja metodologiczna
Authors: Fatyga Barbara , Zieliński Przemysław
Published: February 2022

Artykuł prezentuje opracowany przez autorów sposób analizy jakościowej narracyjnych wywiadów biograficznych. Jego podstawą teoretyczną jest kognitywna teoria metafory Georga Lakoffa oraz pojęcia stosowane w teoriach chronozoficznych. Metody warstwowego zdejmowania metafor z tekstu i rekonstrukcji piramidy metafor zastosowane tu do badania językowego ujmowania czasu, pokazują możliwości interpretacyjne metodologii jakościowej. Metaforyzacja zjawiska, tak trudnego do językowego ujęcia, jakim jest czas, badana jest tutaj na trzech głównych poziomach: prostych wyrażeń metaforycznych, zdań i ciągów (całości) metaforycznych. Czwarty poziom i zarazem czubek piramidy metafor tworzą metametafory tekstowe zrekonstruowane przez badaczy. Wywiady, które dostarczyły materiału do analiz, przeprowadzone zostały w latach 1989-1992 wśród liderów organizacji, grup, ruchów młodzieżowych i młodzieżówek partii politycznych. Analiza pokazuje możliwości zastosowanych metod w procesie tworzenia intersubiektywnie sprawdzalnej interpretacji, zaś wyniki badania – sposoby postrzegania i użytkowania konstruktów temporalnych, takich jak czas biografii, czasy społeczne, publiczne, środowiskowe i osobiste.
Pets of Konrad Lorenz. Theorizing in the social world of pet owners
Authors: Konecki Krzysztof T.
Published: February 2022

This article explores the personal account titled Man meets dog ([1949] 2002) by an outstanding ethologist Konrad Lorenz who is one of the key theoreticians of the social world of pet owners. His lines of argumentation and categories of pet perception within this social world may be reconstructed from his personal recollections. The concepts of the social world and arena are the key notions that integrate the current analysis. The arena is also formed in the course of the inner conversation and is often going together with the outer disputes of a social world . It might seem that Konrad Lorenz as a scientist and ethologist should avoid using anthropomorphic categories. However, as he shares the same space (including private space) and communicates with domestic animals, the author tends to anthropomorphise their behaviour, even though formally he opposes or even despises the idea, applying a disdainful term of “sentimental anthropomorphisation” to people who do so. Additionally, the article addresses the biographic context of the ethologist’s life and his writings together with the activities of the Second World War as well as his collaboration with the Nazi government. Konrad Lorenz represents the socalled “cult of nature” approach which, in the opinion of his opponents, has a lot in common with the Nazi doctrine (Sax 1997).
Borrelia burgdorferi exposure in coyotes: an indicator of B. burgdorferi levels in urban versus rural environments
Authors: Shultz Laura , Fausak Erik
Published: February 2022

PICO question

Do wild coyotes in the US that are in an urban habitat compared to a rural habitat have a higher prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi seroconversion?

 

Clinical bottom line

Category of research question

Prevalence

The number and type of study designs reviewed

Two papers, both utilising a cross-sectional study design

Strength of evidence

Zero

Outcomes reported

The relevant studies provide very limited to no evidence towards answering this PICO question. In one, while the absolute percentage of Borrelia-antibody-positive canines (including dogs in addition to coyotes) is higher in metropolitan areas, the effect was not found to be statistically significant, possibly due to their small sample sizes. In the second study, prevalence of antibodies against Borrelia was compared between different rural habitats, but no urban coyotes were tested as a comparison and thus the PICO question cannot be evaluated

Conclusion

There is a knowledge gap concerning the prevalence of Borrelia in coyotes and how it differs between urban and rural environments. Wild coyotes could be used as a sentinel species of Lyme disease activity and to assess potential for domestic pet and human infections, which would inform clinical differential diagnoses as well as testing and vaccination recommendations. More studies are needed before this PICO question can be answered in a confident manner

 

How to apply this evidence in practice

The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.

Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
The Future of EMDR Therapy and of theJournal of EMDR Practice and Research
Authors: Farrell Derek , Rydberg Jenny Ann
Published: February 2022

After 15 years of dedicated and outstanding service, Dr. Louise Maxfield, Founding Editor of theJournal of EMDR Practice and Research,has retired from her editorial responsibilities. This editorial introduces the first issue under the joint editorship of Dr. Derek Farrell and Jenny Ann Rydberg, who highlight the need to address the future of EMDR therapy in general and theJournal of EMDR Practice and Researchin particular, and welcome a community-informed discussion on new directions.
Can Alcohol and Obesity be Considered Risk Factors for Diabetes Mellitus? (environmental study)
Authors: Radkevich Ludmila
Published: February 2022

Rationale: The literature recognizes a causal relationship between alcohol consumption and the burden of noncommunicable chronic disease (NCD). Objective: To investigate the relationship between the maximum and minimum consumption of alcoholic beverages (AB) and metabolic syndrome (MS), the burden of diabetes mellitus, pancreatic cancer, nephritis and alcoholism in 158 countries in 2004. Methods: U-Mann-Whitney test (UMY) and multiple linear regression analysis (MRA) were used for data analysis; GBD databases 2004; FAO 1990-2005. Results: Studies have shown that the maximum and minimum consumption of alcoholic beverages (AP) in the countries of the world differed 108 times and amounted to 343 grams per person per day, excluding gender and age (p≤0.001). The 20 countries with the highest AB versus the 20 countries with the lowest AB were 14 times higher per capita income (p≤0.001); the burden of pancreatic cancer is 3.5 times higher in men and women (p≤0.001); the burden of alcoholism is 8 times higher for men, 18 times for women (p≤0.001); 2 times in men, the burden of diabetes mellitus is 3 times lower in women and the burden of nephritis is 7 times lower in men and women (p≤0.001). In countries with maximum AB, the predictors of metabolic syndrome - MS (% of men and women in a country with MS impairment) were 2 times higher (p≤0.001). Conclusions: In countries with the highest AB consumption, the burden of alcoholism and pancreatic cancer is several times higher predictors of MS, but the burden of diabetes and nephritis is lower. Gender differences in the studied characteristics are noted. Further research is needed on the nature of the relationship between alcohol consumption and NCD to develop prevention methods.
Comparing Anxiety and Professional Efficiency Among Normal- and Over -Weight Medical Staff During the Covid-19 Outbreak: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Vahid Farhad
Published: February 2022

Background: The professional efficiency of personnel and medical staff is among the most critical issues in the Covid-19 pandemic. Studies have shown that being obese/overweight is among the causes of anxiety and related to reduced professional efficiency. This study aimed to compare anxiety and professional efficiency among normal- and overweight/obese medical staff during the Covid-19 outbreak. Methods: To conduct this study, 82 overweight/obese and 79 normal-weight healthcare employees at the Arak University of Medical Science, Arak, Iran, were participated. The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) a valid, reliable, and self-report questionnaire applied to measure anxiety. Weight, height, and other demographic information were recorded. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated by dividing weight (kg) by height (m) squared. Results: Results obtained from modeling BMI as a continuous variable concerning BAI showed a positive and significant association after adjustment for age and gender (OR=2.61, 95% CI=1.32-5.16) and in the multivariate analysis (OR=2.83,95% CI=1.33-5.99). In addition, there was a significant association between BAI and medical staff professional efficiency (OR=0.599, 95%CI=0.405-0.885). Also, a significant correlation was seen between BMI and BAI scores. Conclusions: Our findings add to the growing evidence that BMI is an independent predictor of mental disorders and can reduce professional efficiency. As conclusion, training individuals on the harms of obesity and mental readiness to reduce mental disorders can effectively combat disasters.
Structure-Based Virtual Screening for Differential Inhibition of Aldose Reductase, Implicated in Secondary Complications in Diabetes
Authors: Singh Ranvir
Published: February 2022

As a clinically relevant drug target, there have been several attempts to design a structure-based inhibitor for aldose reductase (AR). Since most of the aldehydes are presented to AR conjugated with glutathione, in present work, the structure of AR complexed with NADPH and a glutathione analog was used as a target for virtual screening of small molecule library. Due to interactions of the glutathione backbone with the binding pocket of AR, the ternary complex (AR●NADPH●DCEG) represents a unique conformation of AR backbone. NCI diversity set V was used as a small molecules library for virtual screening. AutoDock Vina was used for docking and scoring of ligands. Few select hits with low binding free energy were obtained, which may be potential leads for a search of an differential inhibitor against AR.
Implementasi Pembelajaran Tematik pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Kelas II MI As-Salam O’o Dompu
Authors: Asyari Akhmad , Cahyani Diah
Published: February 2022

This study aims to explore in depth about the implementation, challenges and efforts of teachers to overcome various problems in thematic learning in Islamic primary school. This research uses descriptive research where sampling is done by purposive and snowball. The data collection techniques using interviews, observation and documentation. The results of the study describe that the implementation of thematic learning is guided by the lesson plans and refers to the theme as normal conditions. The problems faced in the application of thematic learning are factored in by factors of readiness and teacher understanding of planning, implementation, and evaluation. The teacher's efforts to overcome the various problems above are through regular discussions about thematic learning of the 2013 curriculum as well as exploring and understanding in detail about the important components in planning, implementing and evaluating as well as effectively utilizing the surrounding environment as a learning resource.
THE EFFECT OF SMOKING BEHAVIOR ON STROKE CASES IN SURABAYA CITY
Authors: Herdiyani Erren Silvia , Artanti Kurnia Dwi , Martini Santi , Widati Sri , Megatsari Hario , Rahman Muhammad Azis
Published: February 2022

Background: Stroke is a disease condition caused by the sudden stopping of the blood supply to the brain, either because of a blockage or ruptured blood vessels. The prevalence of stroke in Indonesia based on Basic health research in 2013 was 7‰ and increased in 2018 to 10.9‰. Purpose: This research aims to determine the effect of smoking behaviour on the prevalence of stroke in Surabaya, Indonesia. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study. The study population included all visitors to nerve poly at Haji Hospital Surabaya. Data were collected from respondents through interviews and patient medical record data from August to September 2019. Univariate and bivariate analyses were done to identify the association between smoking and stroke incidence. Results: A total of 187 people participated in the study. The majority of them were aged ≥ 55 years (78.16%), with 55.17% being male. There is 32.18% active smoker and 28.74% passive smoker for stroke patients. There is an association of the type of non-filter cigarettes with the prevalence of stroke p = 0.01, PR = 4.02; 95% Cl = 1.38-11.67), and duration of exposure ≥30 years (p = 0.01, PR = 7.84; 95% Cl = 2.75-22.32) Conclusion: there is an influence of types of non-filter cigarettes and exposure time ≥ 30 years with the incidence of stroke in the city of Surabaya.
POTENTIAL BREEDING SITES AND ORGANOPHOSPHATE RESISTANCE STATUS OF AEDES SPP. IN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Qudsiyati Nila , Nazara Fitri Ainun , Kilima Jeremy Tertius , Poerwanto Soenarwan Hery
Published: February 2022

Background: The discovery of Aedes spp. in the breeding sites is the leading cause of the high incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in Yogyakarta in 2019. This incidence can be calculated based on the Container Index (CI), House Index (HI), and Breteau Index (BI). Efforts to control the density of Aedes spp. The use of organophosphate insecticides in the long term and with the wrong dose will cause resistance. Purpose: This research was conducted to determine the potential breeding sites, the density, and the organophosphate resistance status of Aedes spp. in Yogyakarta. Methods: A literature review with the criteria of referenced journals from 2011-2020, national journals accredited at least Sinta 5 to Sinta 1 and international journals at least Q4 to Q1. Results: This study shows that the potential breeding sites for Aedes spp. in Yogyakarta, in general, are both indoors or outdoors, stagnant clean water, opened, not exposed to direct sunlight, and the duration of not eradicating the mosquito nests > 1 month. Aedes spp. in Yogyakarta has a high population density, so it is at high risk of transmitting dengue cases. The resistance status of Aedes spp. in various regions of Yogyakarta are categorized as resistant to organophosphate insecticides. Conclusion: Literature review requires field research also, implementation of prevention through the mosquito nests eradication program and 3M (Shutting, Draining, and Burying), and the replacement of insecticides types other than organophosphates.
THE ANALYSIS OF BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR OF DIARRHEA OUTBREAK IN TIRTOMARTO VILLAGE, CENTRAL JAVA
Authors: Dwimawati Eny , Nasution Ade Saputra , Hutasoit Evalina Franciska , Hutasoit Evalina Franciska
Published: February 2022

Background: Outbreak Diarrhea in Indonesia still threatens the health and even fatal results, namely death. It is caused by unsanitary and healthy behaviors Purpose: This research aims to find out behavioral risk factors that influence the occurrence of diarrhea outbreaks. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design with a sampling of 65 people was taken from the population of 180 diarrhea cases using a simple random sample in Tirtomarto, Central Java. The chi-square test was then applied to analyse the data. Measured variables are risky behavior (washing hands with soap before eating, washing hands with soap after defecating, the habit of closing food, soap usage for washing utensils and the place of defecation). Results: It is found that the risk factors for unusual diarrhea behavior are washing hands with soap before eating (p = 0.01), washing hands with soap after defecation (p = 0.01), the habit of washing utensils with soap (p = 0.73), the habit of covering food (p = 0.01), bowel habits (p = 0.73). Multivariable analysis results found that the most dominant behavioral risk factors are handwashing with soap after defecation (OR = 0.11) and the habit of covering food (OR = 0.12). Conclusion: Behavioral risk factors can influence the occurrence of outbreaks of diarrhea.
IDENTIFICATION OF BACTERIA CAUSING DIARRHEA IN UNDER-FIVES CHILDREN USING CULTURE METHODS IN BIMA, INDONESIA
Authors: Muziburrahman Muziburrahman - , Husada Dominicus , Utomo Budi
Published: February 2022

Background: Diarrhea is still a world health issue which is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality, with a mortality rate of close to more than 1.30 million deaths globally in 2015. The prevalence period of diarrhea in Indonesia for under-five children in 2018 is 12.30%. The West Nusa Tenggara province is third of the ranks based on doctor’s diagnosis (13.45%) and clinical symptoms (15.12%).  Purpose: This study aims to identify the bacterial infection that causes diarrhea among under-five children in Bima District, West Nusa Tenggara Province. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted on under-five children brought to Bolo and Wawo’s Public Health Center with diarrhea and diagnosed with acute gastroenteritis. Results: The samples involved in this study were 102 samples and the results obtained were 1 to 2 types of bacteria in 1 sample. The order of bacteria from the most is E. Coli (29.53%), Klebsiella, sp (25,50%), Shigella, sp (18,79%), Staphylococcus aureus (16,78%), Salmonella Thypii (8,73%), Proteus, sp (0,67%), male (61.76%) had more diarrhea than female (38.24%), with an age range of 1-3 years (53.92%), 0-1 years (37.26%), and 3 until <5 years (8.82%). Conclusion: In this research, it was proven that E. coli bacteria are the leading cause of diarrhea in under-five children.
Engelsiz Park Tasarımında Ergonomik Yaklaşımlar
Authors: Çakar Handan
Published: February 2022

Kamusal dış mekânlar içinde yer alan parklar, toplumu oluşturan bireylerin toplanma, dinlenme, eğlenme gibi aktivitelerle sosyalleşmesine olanak sağlayan kentsel mekânlardır. Toplumda yer alan tüm bireylerin sosyal yaşama katılabileceği, herhangi birinin desteği olmadan huzurlu, güvenli ve özgürce vakit geçirebileceği mekânların tasarlanması büyük bir gerekliliktir. Bu çalışma ile literatür çalışmasından elde edilen ergonomi ve erişilebilirlik açısından belirlenen ilkeler doğrultusunda örnek bir peyzaj düzenleme projesinin tasarlanması amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda, engelli bireylerin engel türleri ve fiziksel yetenekleri göz önünde bulundurularak farklı ihtiyaçları bulunan bireylerin kamusal dış mekânlardan herkes ile eşit şekilde fayda sağlayabilmesi için nitelikli alanların oluşturulması hedeflenmiştir. Projenin hazırlanması sırasında, peyzaj düzenleme projesi için İzmir İli Bayındır ilçesinde yer alan ve mahalle parkı olarak hizmet vermesi düşünülen alanda önceden belirtilen kriterler doğrultusunda oluşturulan tasarım dijital ortama aktarılmış ve plan görüntüsü geliştirilerek öğelerinin biçimlendirilmesi ile görsel olarak sunuma hazır hale getirilmiştir. Bu çalışma ile engelli bireyler için, nitelikli tasarımların yapılabileceği ve bu tasarımlar sayesinde toplumdaki bütün bireylerin eşit hak ve özgürlükle kamusal parklardan etkin bir şekilde faydalanabilecekleri ortaya koyulmuştur.
Analisis Pengaruh Penggunaan VTP Pruning Pada Jaringan VLAN
Authors: Sakti Muhammad Giri
Published: February 2022

VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) banyak digunakan dalam jaringan komputer untuk mengatur jaringan sesuai dengan kebutuhan pengguna. Penggunaan VLAN mampu memberikan efisiensi dan efektifitas melalui segmentasi jaringan. Selain itu mampu juga memperbaiki kinerja keamanan suatu jaringan. Komunikasi dalam jaringan VLAN sendiri terdapat 2 jenis yaitu komunikasi antar VLAN yang berbeda disebut inter-VLAN dan komunikasi antar VLAN yang sama disebut Intra-VLAN. Didalam Jaringan VLAN ini terdapat Perangkat Switch yang saling dihubungkan dengan jalur Trunk. Komunikasi yang terjadi antar VLAN-ID yang menggunakan jalur Trunking ini menimbulkan pengaruh kualitas parameter QOS. Solusi untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut adalah penggunaan VTP Pruning dalam jaringan VLAN. Dalam Penelitian ini akan meng analisis dari pengaruh penggunaan VTP Pruning pada jaringan VLAN. Parameter QOS yang dijadikan acuan analisis performansi adalah throughput, delay, jitter dan packet loss.Berasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh rata-rata QOS jaringan VLAN yang menggunakan VTP Pruning lebih baik dibandingkan dengan rata-rata jaringan VLAN yang tidak menggunakan VTP Pruning, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa VTP Pruning memiliki pengaruh yang baik bagi jaringan VLAN.
Sistem Pemantau Densitas Debu Gudang Elektronik: Perancangan dan Analisanya
Authors: Putri Adelia Kencana , Prakasa Anantia , Afandi Mas Aly
Published: February 2022

Pemantauan kualitas udara dalam gudang elektronik sangat penting untuk menjaga kesehatan manusia dan kualitas barang elektronik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memantau nilai densitas debu pada suatu ruangan khususnya pada gudang elektronik, dan mengetahui hubungan antara densitas debu, suhu, dan kelembaban. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah eksperimen dan uji statistik. Dan untuk uji statistik yang digunakan menghasilkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara densitas debu dan suhu hal ini dibuktikan dengan nilai chi-square hitung (0,265) lebih kecil dari  chi-square tabel (1,645) dan tidak ada hubungan antara densitas debu dan kelembaban hal ini dibuktikan dengan nilai chi-square hitung (0,1023) lebih kecil dari  chi-square tabel (1,645). Tingkat debu pada Gudang Elektronik Depo Pelita pada tanggal 22 juli 2021 sampai dengan 30 Juli 2021 memiliki rata-rata  0,13 mg/m3 atau 130 µg/m3. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu debu tidak dapat dipengaruhi oleh suhu dan kelembaban melainkan dipengaruhi oleh aktifitas yang berada disekitar.