bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design of a Web-based Cold Storage Temperature Monitor with Arduino Uno for Fish Quality Maintenance: Sensor-based Methodology and Innovative Contribution
Authors: Hermawan Ade , Andrian.Harahap Doly Andrian , Daging I Ketut , Dewi Priyantini , Ridhwan Rafif Zainun , Qadri Munzir
Published: May 2024

The development of a web-based cold storage temperature and humidity monitoring device using Arduino Uno aims to monitor room conditions, particularly in cold storage spaces, through a website. This device utilizes DHT11 and DS18B20 sensors, along with the Wemos D1 Mini module, integrated with the Arduino Uno microcontroller. Arduino configuration is performed through an application to send commands to other components. The research was conducted at PT. Indu Manis Gresik, East Java. Data collection and testing were carried out at the specified location. The test results demonstrate the device's efficient operation, transmitting testing data to the associated website. The accuracy of the DS18B20 temperature sensor testing reached 98.8%, while the DS18B20 humidity sensor achieved 99.35%.
The use of thioxopyrimidine derivatives for the regulation of vegetative growth of wheat
Authors: Tsygankova V. A. , Andrusevich Ya. V. , Vasylenko N. M. , Kopich V. M. , Pilyo S. G. , Solomyannyi R. M. , Popilnichenko S. V. , Bondarenko O. M. , Brovarets V. S.
Published: May 2024

The work is devoted to the screening of new effective wheat plant growth regulators based on synthetic compounds, thioxopyrimidine derivatives. The wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) variety Oksamit Mironivskyi was used as the object of the study. Morphometric parameters (average length of shoots and roots (mm), and average biomass of 10 plants (g)) of 4-week-old wheat plants were measured. Treatment of wheat plants with thioxopyrimidine derivatives at a concentration of 10-6 M contributed to the growth and development of shoots and roots compared to control wheat plants treated with distilled water. The regulatory effect of thioxopyrimidine derivatives on the vegetative growth of wheat plants was similar to the regulatory effect of auxin IAA (1H-indol-3-yl)acetic acid) or synthetic compounds, derivatives of sodium and potassium salts of 6-methyl-2-mercapto-4-hydroxypyrimidine (Methyur, Kamethur) and N-oxide-2,6-dimethylpyridine (Ivin) used in the same concentration of 10-6 M. The correlation between the growth regulatory effect and the chemical structure of synthetic compounds, thioxopyrimidine derivatives was established. The selected most active synthetic compounds, thioxopyrimidine derivatives, are proposed to be used to improve the vegetative growth of wheat (T. aestivum L.) variety Oksamit Mironivskyi.
Congruencia entre intereses y aspiraciones ocupacionales: su relación con personalidad y autoeficacia en una muestra de estudiantes de bachillerato mexicanos

Authors: Fernández Nistal María Teresa , Mora-Soto Jairo Keven , Ponce-Zaragoza Frannia Aglaé
Published: May 2024

Introducción.  La evaluación de la congruencia persona-ambiente es relevante en la práctica de la asesoría vocacional y profesional. La adaptación para México de la prueba Búsqueda autodirigida (SDS) no ofrece datos normativos mexicanos sobre la congruencia; además, existen pocas investigaciones y con resultados diferentes sobre la relación de este constructo con la autoeficacia y la personalidad. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron obtener estadísticos descriptivos sobre la congruencia entre los intereses vocacionales RIASEC y las aspiraciones ocupacionales en una muestra de estudiantes y relacionar las puntuaciones de congruencia con la autoeficacia vocacional y los cinco-factores de personalidad.
 
Método.  Los participantes fueron 274 estudiantes de cuatro centros de bachillerato de Sonora (México). Se aplicaron la prueba Búsqueda autodirigida (SDS), la Escala de autoeficacia vocacional y la Escala de evaluación global de personalidad. La congruencia se midió con los índices Iachan y C. Se obtuvieron estadísticos descriptivos y rangos percentiles de las puntuaciones de congruencia y se realizaron análisis de correlaciones parciales, y de regresión lineal múltiple jerárquica para explorar la asociación entre las variables.
 
Resultados. Se obtuvieron estadísticos descriptivos y rangos percentiles de las puntuaciones de congruencia. Las estudiantes mujeres obtuvieron puntuaciones medias más elevadas en los dos índices de congruencia que los hombres, sin embargo esta diferencia sólo fue significativa en el índice Iachan. Los resultados de los análisis de regresión jerárquica indicaron que los cinco-factores de personalidad explicaron, en conjunto, porcentajes significativos de variabilidad de las puntuaciones en congruencia, con tamaños del efecto entre pequeños y moderados. Apertura a la experiencia fue el único predictor significativo. Las dimensiones de autoeficacia no se asociaron significativamente con las puntuaciones de congruencia.
 
Discusión y conclusiones. Los resultados aportan información en la línea de investigación sobre las relaciones entre los constructos congruencia y los cinco-factores de personalidad y presentan implicaciones en la práctica de la evaluación y asesoramiento vocacional.
In memoria de Fernando Justicia Justicia

Authors: Martínez Vicente Jose Manuel , De la Fuente Arias Jesús , Pichardo Martínez Maria Carmen
Published: May 2024

El pasado 4 de marzo la vida se paró para un catedrático emblemático de la Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación, el profesor Fernando Justicia Justicia de la Universidad de Granada. Fernando fue un investigador y docente referente en la el área de la Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación a la que dedicó toda su trayectoria profesional. El Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology quiere homenajear en este número a quien fuera uno de sus editores asociados desde su fundación en el año 2003.
The image of Russia in the minds of native speakers of the national Syrian version of the Arabic language
Authors: Safaralieva Lyubov Aleksandrovna , Abdullah Luay
Published: May 2024

The present study is devoted to the reconstruction of the image of Russia in the minds of native speakers of the national Syrian version of the Arabic language on the basis of data from a free associative experiment with a word روسيا ‘ Russia’. The purpose of the article is a semantic analysis of associative-verbal networks of the associative field روسيا ‘ Russia’ and the identification of frequency, collective characteristics of the image of Russia, as well as the analysis of individual representations of respondents based on the material of individual associates. The conducted free associative experiment made it possible not only to reconstruct a significant fragment of the Syrians' linguistic picture of the world – the image of modern Russia, but also to identify common, average representations of speakers of Syrian linguistic culture due to the following extralinguistic factors: military-political, cultural, scientific and educational contacts between Russia and Syria in the last few years. The main research method was a free associative experiment conducted using the Google Forms resource. 116 Syrian citizens, aged 18 to 60, who are receiving or have received higher education, were interviewed. The respondents were asked to write 3 first reactions to the stimulus روسيا ‘ Russia’. An analysis of the data obtained showed that, first of all, in the minds of speakers of the Syrian linguistic culture, Russia is a cold but beautiful country that is a reliable friend and ally of Syria. It should be noted that among the 319 reactions obtained, only 3 differ in a pronounced pejorative value. For Syrians, Russia is a country with a rich history, diverse culture and vibrant traditions, a country that provides an opportunity for personal development, including higher education. It was also found that for Syrians, the image of Russia is strongly associated with its capital, Moscow. In general, it can be argued that an exceptionally positive image of a strong and independent Russia has developed in the minds of speakers of the Syrian linguistic culture. The prospect of the study is to conduct an associative experiment with Russian-speaking respondents to reconstruct the image of Syria in the minds of native speakers of Russian linguistic culture and compare the results with those given in this article.
O PAPEL DO CIRURGIÃO – DENTISTA FRENTE AO DIAGNÓSTICO DE ABUSO SEXUAL INFANTIL
Authors: Maria de Carvalho Sousa Victória , Mello Sousa Meily
Published: May 2024

Introdução: A violência contra crianças e adolescentes, é um dos principais problemas de saúde pública em todo o mundo, e apesar de termos avançado no que se diz respeito a violência infantil, o enfrentamento perdura, uma vez que muitos casos são omitidos e não notificados, além daqueles que acontecem no contexto intrafamiliar, que torna o diagnóstico e uma possível denúncia ainda mais difíceis.
Dentro desse contexto, o cirurgião-dentista, especialmente o odontopediatra, possui um papel importante no que se refere ao diagnóstico e notificação de abuso sexual infantil, considerando que, muitos sinais de violência podem se manifestar na face e boca, ambas áreas de trabalho direto do dentista. Para além disso, o profissional tem a oportunidade de avaliar e observar não só a condição física, mas também psicológica do menor, assim como observar as relações e interações familiares. Frisando que, cabe ao cirurgião-dentista não apenas fazer o diagnóstico e tratamento das vítimas de maus tratos, mas também de notificar aos órgãos competentes.
Objetivo: Analisar o papel do Cirurgião – Dentista  frente aos casos de abuso sexual infantil, e sua conduta diante de tal situação.
Método: Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura fundamentada na pesquisa de artigos científicos nas bases de dado SciELO, BVS, PubMed e Google Scholar, com trabalhos selecionados e publicados nos últimos 5 anos, utilizando em inglês e português as palavras-chave: “traumatismo facial”, “abuso sexual na infância”, “abuso sexual infantil’, “odontologia”, ”sexual abuse” e “sexual abuse in childhood”, em conjunto aos operadores boleanos “and” e “or”. Dos 13 resumos lidos e selecionados foram encontrados 10 artigos com texto completo em suporte eletrônico e que se encaixaram nos critérios de inclusão/exclusão.
Resultados (esperados / parciais): Estudos apontam que, o Brasil apresentou 23.725 casos de abuso sexual infantis em menores de 14 anos, apenas no ano de 2020, o equivalente a 65 casos de abusos por dia. Estima-se que esse número possa ser 6,6 maior, pois muitas denúncias não são realizadas formalmente.
A maior parte das lesões consequentes de maus-tratos, localizam – se na região de cabeça e pescoço. Uma pesquisa realizada por Da Silva e colaboradores, em 2014, feita com 500 dentistas mostra que 63,2% deles (mais de 300) não sabem como agir diante de tal situação, esses números são alarmantes, pois, compete ao cirurgião-dentista não apenas o diagnóstico e tratamento das vítimas, mas também a notificação aos órgãos competentes.
Descritores: Traumatismo facial, abuso sexual na infância, abuso sexual infantil, odontologia.
Eixo temático: Ciências da Saúde
LEAN THINKING AND SITUATIONAL MANAGEMENT IN ASSESSING THE LOSS OF CARRYING CAPACITY OF A VEHICLE FLEET
Authors:   Tver State University, Tver, Russia, Kurganov V. M. , Rassokha V. I. ,   Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia, Gryaznov M. V. ,   Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Magnitogorsk, Russia, Dorofeev A. N. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
Published: May 2024

When planning daily shifts in a motor transport enterprise, the main task is to maximize the use of the vehicle fleet’s carrying capacity, estimated by the amount of cargo that can be transported per shift (day) in the absence of all types of unproductive losses. The solution to this problem can be found within the framework of the concept of lean thinking, the center of which is the identification and elimination of unproductive losses. To identify the factors that caused losses, causal research is used, an example of which, along with others, is the situational approach. The problematic situation is a cause-and-effect complex of factors, the elimination of which ensures an increase in the efficiency of cargo transportation. The situation model contains a quantitative assessment of the goal of eliminating the problem situation, technical and operational indicators characterizing certain types of losses and recommended measures to eliminate them. The purpose of the study is to develop tools for assessing losses in the carrying capacity of a vehicle fleet, based on situational modeling in the implementation of the principles of lean thinking in relation to the transportation of metallurgical cargo. The study used methods of situational analysis, mathematical modeling, and analysis of technical and operational indicators of the transport process. To study the state of the issue, an analysis of scientific literature was carried out. The main results of scientific novelty are: a situational model of vehicle fleet capacity losses; coefficients of loss of vehicle fleet carrying capacity when transporting metallurgical cargo. Calculation of vehicle fleet capacity loss coefficients must be made using the capabilities of intelligent navigation control systems. Further research is expected to be conducted in the direction of developing specific applications of the concept of lean thinking and situational approach to increasing the efficiency of cargo transportation, as well as in the direction of developing digital systems for managing road transport.
Uso indiscriminado de antimicrobianos no contexto da Covid-19: aumento da resistência bacteriana
Authors: Silva Laís Gonçalves , Braga Paula Ferreira , Tolentino Vanessa Pereira , Silva Juliana Lilis da , Amâncio Natália de Fátima Gonçalves
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: Analisar o impacto do uso desenfreado de antibióticos durante a pandemia e sua relação com a resistência bacteriana. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de abordagem qualitativa, examinando artigos científicos do Google Scholar, EbscoHost, PubMed e SciELO, publicados entre 2019 e 2023, em inglês, português e espanhol. Resultados: A falta de conhecimento sobre antibióticos e a disseminação de informações inadequadas resultou na busca por soluções improvisadas de tratamento. Tal fenômeno corroborou para o aumento da resistência antimicrobiana e ocorreu principalmente em países de baixa e média renda com menos recursos, mas impactou toda a economia mundial, elevando a venda de medicamentos enquanto prejudicava a saúde pública. Assim, discutiu-se maneiras de lidar com a crise, incluindo a urgência de ampliar pesquisas sobre novos antibióticos, aprimorar métodos de prevenção de infecções, e explorar alternativas de tratamento para a COVID-19. Considerações finais: Pode-se considerar que a pandemia exacerbou o uso de antimicrobianos e seu efeito na resistência bacteriana, sendo crucial para entender desafios de saúde pública e orientar futuras políticas de saúde.
Importância de competências no profissionalismo do preceptor
Authors: Santos Kátia Ferreira dos
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: Analisar e compreender sobre a competências do preceptor, baseados na atuação pedagógica voltada para o desenvolvimento de competências clínicas. Métodos: Foi realizada uma pesquisa na base de dados PubMed/MEDLINE, diretamente com estratégia de busca, por meio da combinação de descritores e operadores booleanos ("Preceptorship” [Mesh]) AND ("Clinical Competence” [Mesh]) utilizados como expressão de busca e com aplicação de filtros, no período de 2018 a 2023. Resultados: Obteve-se uma lista com 1.493 artigos e com a aplicação do primeiro critério de exclusão restaram 173 artigos que continham informações sobre o tema, mas somente 28 foram selecionados para análise. As categorias de destaque descreveram a relação pedagógica entre preceptor-aluno, conceitos e características da preceptoria e do trabalho do preceptor, como facilitadoras ao desenvolvimento de conhecimento, no ambiente institucional e capazes de fornecerem maiores subsídios ao aprendizado clínico, por meio de projetos pedagógicos voltados ao ensino da prática-clínica. Os artigos selecionados apareceram em diferentes partes do mundo, mas com maior destaque para países como Brasil, EUA e África do Sul. Considerações finais: A atuação do preceptor confirma a necessidade que a preceptoria exige conhecimento, pautado na pedagogia para aprendizagem e contribui no profissionalismo para as relações de trabalho.
Landscapes and Symbols of Yu. S. Kasparov’s Timbre-Texture
Authors: Моисеев Г.А.
Published: May 2024

Рецензия на книгу: Каспаров Ю. С. Темброфактура в современном камерном ансамбле: Учебное пособие. М.: Научно-издательский центр «Московская консерватория», 2023. 160 с., нот.

Book review: Kasparov, Yury S. 2023. Timbre-Texture in a Modern Chamber Ensemble, textbook. Moscow: Moscow Conservatory Press.
Fluorescent Polymers for Environmental Monitoring: Targeting Pathogens and Metal Contaminants with Naphthalimide Derivatives
Authors: Galhano Joana , Kurutos Atanas , Dobrikov Georgi , Duarte Maria Paula , Santos Hugo M. , Capelo Martínez José Luis , Lodeiro Carlos , Oliveira Elisabete
Published: May 2024

The continuous monitoring of Hg2+ levels in aqueous environments is crucial to assess a potential indication of methylmercury contamination via bacterial conversion, yet existing methods often require extensive sample treatment, expensive equipment, and transportation to a specialized facility. To mitigate this issue, this study introduces the synthesis and application of three naphthalimide-based compounds with significant fluorescent and solvatochromic behaviour (C1, C2 and C3) for the detection of mercury ions, with an inherent associated antibacterial activity, creating a dual-functionality material. The incorporation of these compounds into polymers, such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), poly (methyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid) (PUMA), and starch, allowed for the development of solid-support sensors/surfaces with a strong antibacterial profile, highlighting the inherent dual-functionality of the compounds. Most interestingly, the C2-doped starch biopolymer allowed for the detection of Hg2+ ions at concentrations as low as 2 ppm in an aqueous environment through a rapid, on-site evaluation without the need for sample treatment. This biopolymer was constructed following a sustainable, green-chemistry-oriented, temperature-dependent water/starch synthetic route, without the addition of plasticizers, and without any associated ecotoxicity. The study promotes the use of sustainable methods for environmental monitoring and antibacterial applications, advancing material science to offer effective, accessible, and eco-friendly solutions for detecting and mitigating mercury pollution and bacterial contaminations, enhancing environmental and health safety.
Assessment of Radioactive Cesium Contamination in Concrete Structures near Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant
Authors: yamada Kazuo , Arai Hiroyuki , Maruyama Ippei , Shibuya Kazutoshi , Endo Kazuto
Published: May 2024

This study investigates the contamination of concrete by radioactive cesium released by the Tokyo Electric Power Company Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident using samples from various sites in the town of Okuma, Japan. Concrete contamination was effectively evaluated through surface dose rate measurements using Geiger-Müller tubes with shielding. Corresponding radioactivity concentrations were evaluated using an NaI scintillator in a low background environment. The contamination levels were considerably lower in areas shielded from rain compared with outdoor areas exposed to rain. Contamination within concrete can be primarily attributed to radioactive Cs enrichment in specific concrete aggregates and further influenced by carbonation of the cement paste. In non-carbonated sections, radioactive Cs was concentrated in aggregates near the surface, hindering the penetration of detection into the cement paste. Concrete samples subjected to rain exhibited reduced contamination over time. Thus, rain exposure, aggregate properties, and the degree of carbonation emerged as pivotal in predicting concrete contamination. Therefore, this study yields insights into on-site measurement methods, temporal contamination trends in the environment, and the distribution of contamination within concrete structures.
Conformational Studies of Globular Proteomimetic Brush Polymers of Structured and Unstructured Peptides
Authors: Oktawiec Julia , Ebrahim Omar , Chen Yu , Su Kaylen , Sharpe Christopher , Rosenmann Nathan , Barbut Clara , Weigand Steven , Thompson Matthew , Byrnes James , Qiao Baofu , Gianneschi Nathan
Published: May 2024

Peptide-brush polymers generated by graft-through living polymerization of peptide-modified monomers exhibit high proteolytic stability, therapeutic efficacy, and potential as functional tandem repeat protein mimetics. Prior work has focused on polymers generated from structurally disordered peptides that lack defined conformations. To obtain insight into how the structure of these polymers is influenced by the folding of their peptide sidechains, a set of polymers with varying degrees of polymerization was prepared from peptide monomers that adopt α-helical secondary structure for comparison to those having random coil structures. Circular dichroism and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy confirm the maintenance of the secondary structure of the constituent peptide when polymerized. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) studies reveal the solution-phase conformation of PLPs in different solvent environments. In particular, X-ray scattering shows that modulation of solvent hydrophobicity, as well as hydrogen bonding patterns of the peptide sidechain, plays an important role in the degree of globularity and conformation of the overall polymer, with polymers of helical peptide brushes showing less spherical compaction in conditions where greater helicity is observed. These structural insights into peptide brush folding and polymer conformation inform the design of these proteomimetic materials with promise for controlling and predicting their artificial fold and morphology.
The effect of local chain stiffness on oligomer crystallization from a melt
Authors: Kawak Pierre , Akiki Christopher , Tree Douglas
Published: May 2024

While the process by which a polymer crystal nucleates from the melt has been extensively studied via molecular simulation, differences in polymer models and simulated crystallization conditions have led to seemingly contradictory results. We make steps to resolve this controversy by computing low-temperature phase diagrams of oligomer melts using Wang-Landau Monte Carlo simulations. Two qualitatively different crystallization mechanisms are possible depending on the local bending stiffness potential. Polymers with a discrete bending potential crystallize via a single-step mechanism, whereas polymers with a continuous bending potential can crystallize via a two-step mechanism that includes an intermediate nematic phase. Other model differences can be quantitatively accounted for using an effective volume fraction and a temperature scaled by the bending stiffness. These results suggest that at least two universality classes of nucleation exist for melts and that local chain stiffness is a key determining factor in the mechanism of nucleation.
Benchmarking Charge-Transfer Excited States in TADF Emitters: ∆DFT outperforms TD-DFT for Emission Energies
Authors: Froitzheim Thomas , Kunze Lukas , Grimme Stefan , Herbert John , Mewes Jan-Michael
Published: May 2024

Charge-transfer excited states are crucial to modern electronics, particularly organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on thermally-activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). However, accurately modeling CT states remains challenging, even with modern implementations of (time-dependent) density functional theory [(TD-)DFT], especially in a dielectric environment. To identify short-comings and improve the methodology, we previously established the STGABS27 benchmark set with highly accurate experimental references for the adiabatic energy gap between the lowest singlet and triplet excited states (∆EST). Here, we diversify this set to the STGABS27-EMS benchmark by including experimental emission energies (Eem) and use this new set to (re)-evaluate various DFT-based approaches. Surprisingly, these tests demonstrate that a state-specific (un)restricted open-shell Kohn-Sham (U/ROKS) DFT coupled with a polarizable continuum model for perturbative state-specific non-equilibrium solvation (ptSS-PCM) provides exceptional accuracy for predicting Eem over a wide range of density functionals. In contrast, the main workhorse of the field, Tamm-Dancoff-approximated TD-DFT (TDA-DFT) paired with the same ptSS-PCM, is distinctly less accurate and strongly functional dependent. More importantly, while TDA-DFT requires the choice of two very different density functionals for good performance on either ∆EST or Eem, the time-independent U/ROKS/PCM approaches deliver excellent accuracy for both quantities with a wide variety of functionals.
Liquid Crystalline Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive based on a Shape-Assisted Molecular Assembly with Electron-Deficient Twofold Columnar π-Stacking
Authors: Ono Kota , Suga Kensuke , Hara Mitsuo , Miyokawa Katsuki , Honda Tsubasa , Otsubo Kazuya , Saito Shohei
Published: May 2024

Recently, the chemistry of supramolecular adhesives has rapidly progressed in materials science and tissue engineering. Many structural motifs with a variety of non-covalent interactions have been proposed for advanced adhesive properties. Here, we propose a new materials class of liquid crystalline pressure-sensitive adhesive (LC-PSA). Without the aid of hydrogen bonding or Coulomb force, a cyclooctatetraene(COT)-fused electron-deficient dipyridophenazine dimer (dppz-FLAP) forms a tight twofold columnar-stacking based on its V-shaped molecular structure (π-π distance: 3.32 Å). With the dppz-FLAP core as a mesogen of liquid crystal, a high shear LC-PSA bearing a well-defined packing structure in a hexagonal columnar phase has been developed. Both hydrophobic and hydrophilic glass substrates can be easily bonded at room temperature by simply pressing a flake sample of the molecular adhesive between the substrates. Tensile shear strengths reached approximately 1 MPa for glass, SUS and Fe substrates based on dispersion interaction with significant ductility, while the easy peelability on a PET tape was confirmed. The rigid columnar structure formed by the shape-assisted assembly results in the high cohesive force of the material, while the soft liquid crystalline properties provide sufficient fluidity as a PSA. Viscoelastic analysis revealed a unique position of the LC-PSA (G′~10^7 Pa, G′′~10^6 Pa) compared with conventional PSAs. The concept of LC-PSA based on the rigid/soft hybridization and hydrogen-bond-free molecular engineering extends the potential of supramolecular adhesives and functional small-molecule materials.
The secondary nucleation of alpha-synuclein amyloid fibrils is suppressed under fully quiescent conditions
Authors: Farzadfard Azad , Mason Thomas O. , Kunka Antonin , Bjerregaard-Andersen Kaare , Kallunki Pekka , Buell Alexander K.
Published: May 2024

Seed amplification assays (SAAs) are a promising avenue for the early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases However, when amplifying fibrils from patient-derived samples in the commonly used format of multiwell plates, it is currently highly challenging to accurately quantify the aggregates. It is therefore desirable to transfer such assays into a digital format in microemulsion droplets to enable direct quantification of aggregate numbers. To achieve transfer from conventional plate-based to the microfluidic digital format, effective seed amplification needs to be achieved inside the microdroplets. It has been shown previously that alpha-synuclein fibril amplification is strongly promoted by acidic pH. Here, we establish a new set of assay conditions that enable highly efficient seed amplification in plates without any shaking. However, the same set of conditions displayed a very different behavior upon transfer to a microfluidic platform where no amplification was observed. We demonstrate that this is caused by the suppression of all secondary processes that could amplify the seeds in the complete absence of mechanical perturbations inside the microdroplets. We further show that the amplification inside droplets can be achieved by subjecting the microemulsions to high-frequency vibrations using a piezo device. Taken together, our results provide novel insights into the physical requirements of alpha-synuclein seed amplification and demonstrate a pathway towards the development of effective digital seed amplification assays.
Free Energy Analysis of Peptide-Induced Pore Formation in Lipid Membranes by Bridging Atomistic and Coarse-Grained Simulations
Authors: Richardson Joshua , Van Lehn Reid
Published: May 2024

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are attractive materials for combating the antimicrobial resistance crisis because they can kill target microbes by directly disrupting cell membranes. Although thousands of AMPs have been discovered, their molecular mechanisms of action are still poorly understood. One broad mechanism for membrane disruption is the formation of membrane-spanning hydrophilic pores which can be stabilized by AMPs. In this study, we use molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the thermodynamics of pore formation in model single-component lipid membranes in the presence of one of three AMPs: aurein 1.2, melittin and magainin 2. To overcome the general challenge of modeling long timescale membrane-related behaviors, including AMP binding, clustering, and pore formation, we develop a generalizable methodology for sampling AMP-induced pore formation. This approach involves the long equilibration of peptides around a pore created with a nucleation collective variable by performing coarse-grained simulations, then backmapping equilibrated AMP-membrane configurations to all-atom resolution. We then perform all-atom simulations to resolve free energy profiles for pore formation while accurately modeling the interplay of lipid-peptide-solvent interactions that dictate pore formation free energies. Using this approach, we quantify free energy barriers for pore formation without direct biases on peptides or whole lipids, allowing us to investigate mechanisms of pore formation for these 3 AMPs that are a consequence of unbiased peptide diffusion and clustering. Further analysis of simulation trajectories then relates variations in pore lining by AMPs, AMP-induced lipid disruptions, and salt bridges between AMPs to the observed pore formation free energies and corresponding mechanisms. This methodology and mechanistic analysis have the potential to generalize beyond the AMPs in this study to improve our understanding of pore formation by AMPs and related antimicrobial materials.
STUDY ON RETRACTABLE VORTEX-TYPE OIL SPILL RECOVERY DEVICE
Authors: Cui Yuxin , Yang Dongyi , Wang Shuaijun , Li Jiamao
Published: May 2024

In facing a sudden oil spill at sea, first of all, reasonable methods should be taken to quickly surround and control the oil spill to prevent it from further spreading and avoid causing secondary environmental pollution and secondary personnel injury, and then promptly and efficiently recycle and deal with the oil spill, in which, timely and effective recycling of the oil spill is considered to be the key to completely solve the problem, and this link is often dealt with by professional oil spill recycling equipment. Based on the existing oil spill recovery equipment and its research status at home and abroad, this paper analyzes its principles and shortcomings and then combines the vortex principle to design a retractable vortex oil spill recovery device, which adopts the retractable vortex device and double-sided belt skimmer to divert and recover the oil spill, and the shape of the structure adopts the low center of gravity suspension design to enhance its stability. The device is suitable for many kinds of ships and can also be installed in the wharf, which has the advantages of high efficiency, strength, and flexibility, and has excellent development prospects and research value
VIBRATION CHARACTERISTICS AND FAULT ANALYSIS OF HELICOPTER PEDALS
Authors: Lotoa R.T.
Published: May 2024

Helicopters have numerous rotating components, and the vibrations generated during flight are significant, which negatively affects the pilot’s flight control and physical and mental health. Therefore, vibration reduction and noise attenuation of helicopters are crucial research areas. Pilots complete flight missions through the flight control system, and the usability and comfort of the control system directly affect flight quality and safety. For a certain type of helicopter where excessive pedal vibration caused a “pedal-kick” fault, this paper employed a real-time vibration monitoring system to test and monitor the helicopter pedal vibration. Based on the flight test data, a spectral analysis was conducted on the helicopter pedal vibration signal to determine the abnormal vibration frequency. Then, by combining the comfort decrease limits and evaluation criteria for whole-body vibration exposure, the helicopter’s aft cabin pedal vibration was diagnosed for faults. The source of the pedal “kick” vibration was accurately located, and after implementing relevant measures, the fault was successfully resolved.
MIX RATIO OF GRAPHITE TAILINGS FOAM CONCRETE BASED ON ORTHOGONAL THEORY
Authors: Qin Lida , Lorenzini Enzo , Zhang Peng , Guo Yipu , Wang Yu
Published: May 2024

In order to study the effects of water-binder ratio, fly ash content, sand-binder ratio and the amount of Graphite Tailings replacing river sand on the mechanical and physical properties of Graphite Tailings Foam Concrete (GTFC), based on the orthogonal theory, the 7d compressive strength, 28d compressive strength and porosity of graphite tailings foamed concrete were analyzed by range analysis and variance analysis. At the same time, the compressive strength and porosity of foamed concrete as performance indicators of the matrix analysis of a single proportion of optimization. The results show that among the factors affecting the compressive strength of GTFC, the content of fly ash and the water-binder ratio are the main factors, the order of influencing the compressive strength of fly ash foamed concrete is water-cement ratio, fly ash, sand-cement ratio and the amount of river sand replaced by graphite tailings, among the factors influencing the porosity of GTFC, the sand-cement ratio is the main factor, the order of influencing porosity of fly ash foamed concrete is sand-binder ratio, fly ash-water-binder ratio, graphite tailings instead of river sand, porosity and compressive strength are taken as performance indexes of foamed concrete, the optimized ratio of Matrix analysis is as follows: water-binder ratio 0.44, fly ash 40% , sand-binder ratio 0.8, graphite tailings 15% to replace river sand.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THERMODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF STIRLING ENGINE
Authors: Lyu Guizhi , Lu Shikun , Fu Shouchong , Meng Xu
Published: May 2024

For the purpose of designing a more efficient Stirling engine, the author experimentally studied the hot cylinder surface temperature changes of micro Stirling engine with heating time, analyzed the cold cylinder surface temperature changes of the engine with heating time as well as cylinder temperature at the start of the engine. It was found that, the hot cylinder temperature of the engine changed with the heating time, which stopped temperature rise when a certain temperature was reached. The engine revolving speed increased with the increase of the hot cylinder temperature. The higher the hot cylinder temperature was, the greater the engine revolving speed was. The cold cylinder temperature of the engine changed with the heating time, which stopped temperature rise when a certain temperature was reached. This study will provide insight into the thermodynamic characteristics of Stirling engine and help us further study the thermal efficiency of the engine.
MAIN S-N CURVE FITTING AND METALLOGRAPHIC STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF WELDED JOINT OF ROTARY DRILLING RIG
Authors: Jatinkumar V Adeshara , Qian Wenjun , Wang Haijin , Du Haoran , Zhang Xunan , Wang Jixin , Liu Chaoqin
Published: May 2024

In order to realize the accurate fatigue life analysis of the weld seam of the mast of the rotary drilling rig, a reasonable size of the welded joint sample was prepared in this paper, and the fatigue performance test of the welded joint was carried out by using the fatigue testing machine. The fatigue data under different nominal stresses were obtained, and the nominal stress S-N curve was fitted. Using finite element analysis, the node force at the weld toe section is extracted, and the equivalent node force and node bending moment of the weld toe section are obtained. The structural stress and equivalent structural stress of the welded joint of the sample are calculated, and the equivalent structural stress S-N curve is obtained. The fatigue performance of the welded joint is analyzed by metallographic observation, which is prepared for the next calculation of the fatigue life of the mast.
Oil Price Fluctuations and US Banks
Authors: Gelain Paolo , Lorusso Marco , Zaman Saeed
Published: May 2024

We document a sizable effect of oil price fluctuations on US banking variables by estimating an SVAR with sign restrictions as in Baumeister and Hamilton (2019). We find that oil market shocks that lead to a contraction in world economic activity unambiguously lower the amount of bank credit to the US economy, tend to decrease US banks' net worth, and tend to increase the US credit spread. The effects can be strong and long-lasting, or more modest and short-lived, depending on the source of the oil price fluctuations. The effects are stronger for smaller and lower leveraged banks.
Shadow Detection and Elimination for Robot and Machine Vision Applications
Authors: Abdul-Kreem Luma Issa , Abdul-Ameer Hussam k.
Published: May 2024

Shadow removal is crucial for robot and machine vision as the accuracy of object detection is greatly influenced by the uncertainty and ambiguity of the visual scene. In this paper, we introduce a new algorithm for shadow detection and removal based on different shapes, orientations, and spatial extents of Gaussian equations. Here, the contrast information of the visual scene is utilized for shadow detection and removal through five consecutive processing stages. In the first stage, contrast filtering is performed to obtain the contrast information of the image. The second stage involves a normalization process that suppresses noise and generates a balanced intensity at a specific position compared to the neighboring intensities. In the third stage, the boundary of the target object is extracted, and in the fourth and fifth stages, respectively, the region of interest (ROI) is highlighted and reconstructed. Our model was tested and evaluated using realistic scenarios which include outdoor and indoor scenes. The results reflect the ability of our approach to detect and remove shadows and reconstruct a shadow free image with a small error of approximately 6%.
BBMS: Investigation to Single Colour Image Visibility Improvement in Turbid Media through Biorthogonal Wavelet Based Depth-map Estimation
Authors: Roy Sangita
Published: May 2024

Electronic imaging needs good quality, high resolution (HR) digital images for highlighting finer details of the image. Normally images captured by ordinary digital camera are post pro cessed with available software instead of high cost CMOS sensor phased camera. Problem commonly faced with these images may get degraded due to the scattering media which deteriorates contrast, shifts colour, and make overall image whitish. Information from the distant objects suffer from poor medium transmission as well as noise amplification. Biorthogonal wavelet denoising (BWD), compress sparsely in frequency -time space, removes noise from depth estimation and makes the transmission smooth. Moreover, single image recovery is a serious challenge and ill posed problem. The recovered image improves compare to degraded image significantly and dis cards possibility of false edge detection as well as prevent colour shift and low contrast. Good quality images are found with objective evaluation. Moreover, different wavelets, thresholds, and decomposition levels have been studied and compared. Time complexity is linear due to wavelet domain analysis which makes the technique fast, reliable, and visually pleasing.
Visualization of Solar Radiation Using Three-Dimensional Computer Graphics Technologies
Authors: Mager F.A. , Sokolova A.V. , Khristodulo O.I.
Published: May 2024

Currently, the prediction, calculation and rationing of solar radiation is a serious problem that has a wide impact on the spheres of human activity. Creating and maintaining a comfortable living environment, as well as solving the world's energy problems, are the fundamental criteria that determine its relevance. This article discusses the possibility of using three-dimensional graphics technologies to calculate insolation. The paper considers an algorithm for calculating the four main components of the visualization of global solar radiation: direct beam radiation, diffuse radiation, reflected beam radiation and reflected diffuse radiation. The freely distributed open source software Blender 3D is used as a tool for working with computer graphics. In the course of the study, calculations based on the principle of bidirectional path tracing, which is used in the visualization algorithms of the Cycles graphics engine, are presented. The use of the technology of transferring complex data to the raster image format allows you to create a separate texture map for each component of the simulated lighting. Based on the obtained texture maps, it is possible to calculate the global solar radiation for all created or imported 3D models in the three-dimensional space of Blender 3D.
Interactive Geoinformation System for Dynamic Visualization of Auroral Oval Characteristics Based on Component-Oriented Programming Patterns
Authors: Vorobev A.V. , Vorobeva G.R.
Published: May 2024

The practical need for operational monitoring of the position dynamics of the auroral oval is due to the negative technospheric manifestations of space weather effects observed in this spatial region. However, the well-known software tools for modeling the auroral oval solve this problem inefficiently from the point of view of informativeness and ergonomics. The paper proposes an approach to dynamic visualization of the characteristics of the auroral oval, which is available at the program level in the form of a traditional web application with the ability to render visual elements in the browser, as well as in the format of a standalone service like RESTful-API. The developed solution provides visualization of the following parameters: the probability of observing the glow of the upper layers of the atmosphere with the naked eye, the electric and magnetic potentials of the field in the region of the northern auroral belt, as well as various types of auroral precipitation. It is assumed that the proposed approach will make it possible to significantly increase the efficiency of the study of parameters in the auroral oval region by specialists and scientists in the relevant fields. At the same time, the high internal and low external connectivity of the developed software modules allow them to be integrated into third-party applications of various profiles and purposes.
Integration of Physical Reality Objects with Their 3D Models Visualized in Virtual Environment Systems
Authors: Maltsev A.V.
Published: May 2024

The paper describes methods and approaches for integrating, from the user's point of view, three-dimensional virtual models visible to them in a virtual reality headset, and their physical prototypes. This allows for the addition of some important elements of physical reality to the virtual environment, such as tactile and muscle-motor sensations. Developed solutions are based on the use of wireless HTC Vive trackers, which determine their position and orientation in space and have the ability to be attached to various objects in the real world. An original approach to building a tracking system from several controllers of such type with one anchor element selection is proposed, as well as new methods for real-time integration of physical reality objects with their virtual models by means of functional control schemes with blocks for the Vive trackers. Software modules were created based on developed methods and approaches. Approbation of them was carried out in virtual environment system VirSim and showed adequacy and effectiveness of proposed solutions when using in virtual environment systems and training complexes.
Back to the Future: Visualization of Development, Problems and Prospects of Artificial Intelligence, Data Science, Quantum Computing
Authors: Tsaregorodtsev A.V. , Revenkov P.V. , Berdyugin A.A.
Published: May 2024

The paper is designed as a review and analysis of the current situation in the field of information technology (IT). The relevance of the article arises from the need to popularize IT among young people, which is reflected in the documents of the Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation, as well as from the high demand for experts in the field of digital technologies and the need to increase the digitalization of Russia. According to GeekBrains (the first programming school in Russia, which appeared in 2010, and the leader in the field of training for digital professions, which operates in 85 regions of the Russian Federation and 21 countries of the world), the number of IT job vacancies in this country will grow up to 2 million by 2027. All large organizations are looking for specialists in different IT branches, which are described in this and the following research paper. In this article, which is the first part of the study, the capabilities and problems of the following advanced technologies are considered: artificial intelligence, Data Science and quantum computing. The concepts of technologies are analyzed from the viewpoints of their everyday use and professional application. The topics are closely related and complement each other in one way or another. The article follows the logic and chronology of events in the global IT sphere. The conclusion contains a description of the author's thought experiment about bringing machine intelligence to life, it accumulates the mentioned technologies while taking into account the laws of physics. The calculations for this experiment are given as well. The materials from one of the GeekBrains's educational shows “The Way to IT” were used, including the GIF animation, which is reproduced only on the website of the “Scientific Visualization” journal.