bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Synthesis of Polyvinyl Chloride and its Copolymers with the Participation of a Binuclear Iron Complex
Authors: Pavlovskaya M.V. , Kotlova E.S. , Grishin D.F.
Published: September 2018

It is shown that a cyclopentadienyl dicarbonyl iron dimer [CpFe(CO)2]2 in combination with an organohalogen compound is an effective initiator/regulator of the polymerisation of vinyl chloride at temperatures of 50–70°C. The molecular weight characteristics, composition, and certain physicochemical properties of homo- and copolymers synthesised on the basis of vinyl chloride in the presence of the iron complex were investigated.
Modelling the Kinetics of Desorption of Ingredients from Polymers
Authors: Dedov A.V. , Nazarov V.G.
Published: September 2018

An analysis is made of approaches to developing models for predicting the kinetics of desorption of ingredients of different nature and designation from polymers of different chemical structure. The applicability of the models is shown, depending on the type of ingredient and the conditions of the processes of their desorption from polymeric materials. The limitations in the development of a universal model for predicting the kinetics of desorption of different ingredients from polymers under different service conditions are established.
Improvement in Production of Rubber-Metal Parts for the Automotive Industry
Authors: Renner T.
Published: September 2018

The manufacturing of rubber-to-metal bonded parts is a complex problem. Several very different parameters must be correctly brought into agreement with each other and defects can easily occur. The preparation of the metal surface, a suitable bonding system, the right rubber compound and the entire production process are among the important parameters. The present work deals with the influence of the surface roughness of the metal component, the mould cavity pressure and the ageing of the rubber compound during storage. A significant correlation was shown between the 3D roughness Sv and the strength of the bond between rubber and metal. In addition, the strength also increases with mould cavity pressure. This correlation can be expressed by a saturation function. Furthermore, a number of indispensable compound characteristics were clarified.
Investigating the Effect of Polymeric Finishing Agents on the Physicomechanical Properties of Glass-Fibre-Reinforced Plastics Based on Thermoplastic Matrices
Authors: Shershneva I.N. , Lesnichaya V.A. , Muradyan V.E. , Smirnov Yu.N.
Published: September 2018

An investigation was made of the modifying effect of finishing additives of polyvinyl alcohol and SKN-8 nitrile butadiene rubber on the elastic strength and dissipative relaxation properties of single-layer glass-fibre-reinforced plastics based on polyethylene and polyamine matrices. It was shown that these modifying additives promote a reduction in residual internal stresses at the phase boundary, greater adhesion interaction between the surface of the reinforcing glass fibres and the thermoplastic polymer matrix, and accordingly strengthening of the polymer composites, especially in the case of a polyethylene matrix.
The Influence of Process Parameters on the Physicomechanical Characteristics of Polycarbonate
Authors: Lebedev S.M. , Gefle O.S.
Published: September 2018

The influence of the conditions applied in the processing of polycarbonate (PC) on the physicomechanical characteristics of specimens is shown. It is established that the most sensitive characteristics, depending on the direction of melt flow, the holding time in the melt, and the cooling rate of the polycarbonate, are the elongation at break and the impact strength.
The Effect of a Nucleator Based on Potassium Salt of 1,2-Cyclohexane-Dicarboxylic acid on the Thermophysical and Physicomechanical Properties of Polypropylene
Authors: Salakhov I.I. , Boreiko N.P. , Batyrshin A.Z. , Shuiskii M.V. , Temnikova E.V. , Fatykhov M.G.
Published: September 2018

The results of investigating the effect of potassium salt of 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid on the thermophysical and physicomechanical properties of homopolypropylene are presented. It is shown that the use of the given nucleator at the extrusion stage makes it possible to produce polypropylene with high elastic strength characteristics. Improvement in the physicomechanical properties of the polymer modified with potassium salt of 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid is accompanied with an increase in the degree of crystallinity of the polypropylene.
The Effect of Gamma-Radiation on the Physicomechanical Properties of Glass-Fibre-Reinforced Plastics Based on Thermoplastic Matrices
Authors: Shtefan I.N. , Lesnichaya V.A. , Allayarov S.R. , Smirnov Yu.N.
Published: September 2018

An investigation was made of the modifying effects of polymer finishing agents and gamma-radiation on the elastic strength and dissipative relaxation properties of single-layer glass-fibre-reinforced plastics based on polyethylene and polyamine matrices. It was shown that this combination promotes reduced residual internal stresses at the phase boundary, more intense adhesion interaction between the surface of the reinforcing glass fibres and the thermoplastic polymer matrix, and accordingly strengthening of the polymer composite materials, especially in the case of a polyethylene matrix.
The Wear Resistance of Antifriction Composites of Linear Polyethylene in Accelerated and Natural Climatic Tests
Authors: Gordienko V.P. , Sal'nikov V.G.
Published: September 2018

It has been shown that the ageing of antifriction composites of linear polyethylene in accelerated and natural climatic tests with different effectiveness and directivity affects the wear resistance of the investigated materials. Temporal correspondence of change in the wear resistance of polyethylene and of its antifriction composites during ageing in accelerated and natural climatic tests was established.
A Study of Stress Relaxation Processes in Crosslinked Polyethylene
Authors: Shalyapin S.V. , Gvozdev I.V. , Simonov-Emel'yanov I.D.
Published: September 2018

The results of tests of the stress relaxation in crosslinked polyethylene under different conditions are presented. With the use of relaxation kernels for describing the experimental data, the mechanism of the relaxation process has been determined, and the dependences of the stresses and Young's modulus over time at different temperatures and strains have been obtained.
Synthesis and Methods of Purification of Oligooxypropylene Fumarates
Authors: Bondarenko P.A. , Rudenchik T.V. , Rozhnova R.A. , Galatenko N.A.
Published: September 2018

An investigation was made of the influence of the method of purification on the properties and reactivity of oligooxypropylene fumarates. In the synthesis of polyurethanes, the need for vacuum distillation of the oligoesters was shown. For copolymerisation with unsaturated monomers it is preferable to use oligoesters purified by washing.
The Effect of Aluminium and Magnesium Hydroxides on the Properties of Plasticised Polyvinyl Chloride
Authors: Fomin D.L. , Deberdeev R.Ya.
Published: September 2018

A study was made of the influence of aluminium and magnesium hydroxides on certain physicomechanical, processing, and service properties of plasticised polyvinyl chloride. It was shown that the use of a mixture of aluminium and magnesium hydroxides leads to a considerable increase in thermal stability and to an improvement in a number of fire safety properties.
Features of the Thermal Degradation of Reprecipitated Polybutadienes under the Influence of a Mixture of C50-C92 Fullerenes
Authors: Chichvarin A.V. , Igumenova T.I.
Published: September 2018

An investigation was made of the mechanism of physicochemical interaction of a mixture of C50-C92 fullerenes with diene rubbers. In view of their similarity, experimental data obtained by IR spectroscopy were processed on the basis of a chemometric approach to describing the results. Very small changes in the optical density of the characteristic groups of the rubbers were analysed. To extract hidden information concerning the chemical interactions of the fullerene mixture with the rubber base from the files of experimental data, discriminant analysis was used. The effect of fullerenes on macromolecules of the investigated rubbers was shown. The groups of rubbers capable of interacting with the introduced modifier were determined. It was established that the interaction of the fullerene mixture with the rubber proceeds by unconjugated double bonds.
Features of Solutions of Low-Molecular-Weight Polyvinyl Chloride and the Supermolecular Structure of Films Formed from Them
Authors: Grishin A.N. , Gutkovich S.A. , Mikhalenko M.G.
Published: September 2018

The influence of the molecular weight of polyvinyl chloride on the size of the macromolecular coils in solutions and the formation of the supermolecular structure during film formation has been established.
The Particle Size and Shape of Polyaniline in Aqueous Solutions of Poly-(N-Vinylpyrrolidone)
Authors: Osadchenko S.V. , Mezhuev Ya.O. , Korshak Yu. V. , Shtil'man M.I.
Published: September 2018

Certain rheological properties of aqueous dispersions of polyaniline in the presence of poly-(N-vinylpyrrolidone) as a stabiliser were investigated. The influence of the molecular weight of poly-(N-vinylpyrrolidone) and also the concentration of aniline and ammonium peroxydisulphate on the size and shape of the polyaniline particles was shown.
Evaluation of Stability Tests for Elastomeric Materials and Seals
Authors: Richter B.
Published: September 2018

Methodology and interpretation of stability tests as commonly applied when testing elastomers are described. Traditional compatibility screening does not adequately reproduce the operating conditions of many elastomeric seals, such as O-rings for instance. For this reason, compression set testing of mass-produced parts in contact with the operating media is presented here as an effective test procedure. Several examples from real life have made it possible to demonstrate that, even after short testing periods, conclusive indications regarding the selection of materials can be obtained.
The Role of Surface Effects at the Filler-Binder Boundary in the Forming of the Mechanical Characteristics of Plastics
Authors: Tatarintseva O.S. , Zimin D.E. , Khodakova N.N.
Published: September 2018

It is shown that the strength characteristics of plastics are influenced significantly by the surface effects at the glass fibre-epoxy binder boundary – wetting, impregnation, and adhesion – depending on the chemical composition of the initial glass and the content of reactive groups in the polymer.
The Cryogenic Properties of Polypropylenes with Controlled Rheology
Authors: Kantsaliev T.R. , Balkarov K.A. , Altueva A.M. , Tkhakakhov E.R. , Mashukov N.I.
Published: September 2018

The rheological and physicomechanical properties of homopolymers and block copolymers of propylene and their blends modified with organic peroxide compounds with a structure-forming mode of action were investigated, including at subzero temperatures. A tendency for the strength of the matrices of the initial polypropylenes and their blends to increase as the block copolymer content increased and the temperature decreased was established. This is related to the conformational transformation of macromolecular mobility being retarded by the organic peroxide, which requires additional energy consumption.
Self-Extinguishing Thermoplastic Elastomers
Authors: Petrova G.N. , Perfilova D.N. , Rumyantseva T.V. , Beider E. Ya.
Published: September 2018

The fire safety and physicomechanical properties of three grades of developed composites based on thermoplastic elastomers are given. A method for lowering the flammability of polymers by introducing fireproofing agents is examined.
Calculating the Distribution of Elements of the Geometric Free Volume in the Model Structure of the Body of a Diallyl Isophthalate Polymer
Authors: Fattakhov M.N. , Zanozina E.A. , Shakir'yanov E.D. , Usmanov S.M.
Published: September 2018

An examination is made of the distribution of free-volume elements in the body of a diallyl isophthalate polymer. The dependence of the quantitative distribution of the number of microcavities in the body of the polymer on their size is established. The smaller the free-volume element, the greater is the number of such microcavities.
Basalt-Filled Epoxy Composite Materials
Authors: Ulegin S.V. , Kadykova Yu. A. , Artemenko S.E. , Demidova S.A.
Published: September 2018

A study was made of the possibility and effectiveness of using disperse basalt as a filler for epoxy resin. The obtained data demonstrate the expediency of using basalt for the filling of epoxy resin, which makes it possible to broaden the areas of application of the given filler for the creation of polymer composite materials of wide-ranging designation.
Flexible Manufacturing of Continuous Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastic Structures using the Inline Impregnation Technique
Authors: Hildebrandt M. , Hopmann Ch. , Schöldgen R.
Published: September 2018

Continuous fibre reinforced thermoplastics (CFRTPs) show great potential for series production owing to their short processing times. The growing variety of products and the desire for widespread use of lightweight parts are increasing the importance of flexible, individualised manufacturing processes in being able to offer custom-made products even in relatively small numbers. The inline impregnation technique developed at the Institute of Plastics Processing (IKV) at RWTH Aachen University allows the direct processing of inexpensive starting materials (e.g. thermoplastic films and reinforcing textiles) and combines impregnating and forming in a single process. In conjunction with cost-saving, single-sided mould technology, the inline impregnation technique constitutes a flexible process chain for the economical manufacture of small and medium volume production.
The Structure Formation of a Water-Diluted Bisphenol a Epoxy Composite
Authors: Chursin V.I.
Published: September 2018

An investigation was made of the process of structure formation of a water-diluted bisphenol A epoxy composite by reactive polymer materials. The effectiveness of their application in the production of composite materials based on leather powder and in leather production technology was shown.
A Method for Producing Adsorption Materials from Thermoplastic Waste
Authors: Tatarintseva E.A. , Karpenko A.V. , Ol'shanskaya L.N.
Published: September 2018

The compositions of polymer composites produced from thermoplastic waste (polyethylene and polyethylene terephthalate), heat-expanded graphite (HEG), and blowing agent were developed for the creation of adsorption materials. The adsorption and physicomechanical properties (abrasion, grindability, density, porosity, specific surface) were investigated.
Features of the Physicochemical processes in a Metal– Polymer System
Authors: Ryskulov A.A. , Liopo V.A. , Avdeichik S.V. , Mikhailova L.V.
Published: September 2018

An examination is made of the mechanism of charge mozaic formation on the surface of a polycrystalline metal particle. It is shown that two particles in contact with each other, owing to the presence of a potential barrier between them, acquire electric charges of different sign. This effect must be taken into account when assessing the adhesion, adsorption, tribotechnical, and other service characteristics of metal-polymer systems.
The Role of Oiling Agents in Modern processes of Producing Chemical Fibres and Filled Polymer Materials
Authors: Genis A.V. , Baidakov B.V. , Kukhar V.P. , Strazhnikova N.A. , Il'yutkina T.M.
Published: September 2018

A list of the main physical and colloid-chemical properties of industrial surfactants used as components of oiling agents for processes in the production of high-strength synthetic fibres is proposed.
Model for the Oxidative Ageing process of Elastomers
Authors: Kreiselmaier R. , Beck K. , Paimann P. , Priess C. , Traber B. , Stein G.
Published: September 2018

Oxidative ageing is one of the important factors limiting the lifetime of elastomer products. The chemical reactions taking place during ageing are very complex as a result of interactions between numerous components of the compound and the reactive intermediates. The chemiluminescence method delivers a good insight into the progress of oxidative ageing reactions. This method detects the light which is emitted during the degradation of hydroperoxides that are formed during the ageing process. Using a mathematical model for the oxidative ageing process it is possible to reproduce the intensity of the chemiluminescence signal as a function of time. By fitting the calculated and the measured curves, the reaction constants used within the model can be determined. The model can be tested and a more exact determination of the reaction constants can be achieved by preparing specific compounds with different amounts of antioxidants, for instance, or by directed variation of the oxygen concentration during the chemiluminescence measurement. This approach delivers a deeper understanding of the oxidative ageing process. Using this model it is possible, for instance, to predict the impact of recipe variations. In this way, elastomer compounds can be optimised still more effectively. In addition, for example, the influence of the oxygen concentration specific to the application can be taken into account when estimating the lifetime of elastomer products.
The manufacture of articles sold by length from composite materials by plunger extrusion
Authors: Ekimenko A.N.
Published: September 2018

Features of the plunger extrusion in the processing of composites based on thermoplastic polymer waste are set out, in particular a method and device for the production of composite tubes and slabs possessing variable density and porosity over their cross-section, intended for service under conditions of exposure to corrosive media. Questions of the procedure for calculating the parameters of the extrusion process are also considered.
A Comparative Investigation of the Rheological Properties in Shear and Tension of Tube-Grade Polymodal Polyethylene Melts
Authors: Kuleznev V.N. , Surikov P.V. , Sevruk V.D. , Sineva T.A.
Published: September 2018

Melts of bimodal (tube) polyethylenes relax considerably more rapidly than normal monomodal specimens. At exit from an l/d = 20 capillary, a melt of bimodal polyethylene behaves like an unrelaxed melt, whereas normal polyethylene does not manage to relax entirely even at exit from an l/d = 30 capillary. The obtained results point to one of the reasons for the high durability of polyethylene tubes with a bimodal molecular weight distribution.
Assessment of the Rheological Characteristics of the main Polycondensation Polymers
Authors: Savchenko B.M.
Published: September 2018

Features of measuring the rheological properties of polyesters are examined. The drying conditions of polymers are investigated. Rheological curves are plotted for polyethylene terephthalate and polycarbonate.
Deformation of Chemically Crosslinked Polyethylene Foam. 1. Thermal Deformation of Polyethylene Foam
Authors: Dement'ev A.G. , Matyukhina G.N. , Pankratov A.V.
Published: September 2018

An investigation was made of the influence of the cellular structure on the coefficient of linear thermal deformation and inverse creep of chemically crosslinked polyethylene foam PPE-3M. The dependence of deformability on the nature of the force effect and on the temperature when exposed to the force effect at the stage of production of chemically crosslinked polyethylene foam was established.
The Temperature Dependence of the Interphase Characteristics of Carbon-Black-Filled Polymer Blends of SKD-35 cis-Butadiene Rubber and Low-Density Polyethylene
Authors: Baragunova L.V. , Gubzhev T.A. , Kashezhev A.Z. , Tkhakakhov R.B. , Karamurzov B.S.
Published: September 2018

The large drop method was used to investigate the interphase tension of polymer blends of synthetic SKD-35 -butadiene rubber and low-density polyethylene filled with nanosized carbon black DG-100 particles at the boundary with glycerin and air in the temperature range 20–120°C.
Effective Organic Stabilisers for Transparent and Colourless Materials Based on Polyvinyl Chloride
Authors: Potemkina O.V. , Kuvshinova S.A. , Gavrilova A.O. , Koifman O.I.
Published: September 2018

For the first time, two organic compounds of the cyanobiphenyl class were tested as light and heat stabilisers of polyvinyl chloride. Their universality and high effectiveness by comparison with an industrial stabiliser were demonstrated.
The Deformation of Chemically Crosslinked Polyethylene Foam. 2. Relationship between the Structure, Mechanical Properties, and Thermal Deformation of Polyethylene Foam
Authors: Dement'ev A.G. , Matyukhina G.N. , Pankratov A.V.
Published: September 2018

The effect of thermal deformation on the cellular structure and thermomechanical properties of chemically crosslinked PPE-3M polyethylene foam was investigated. The thermomechanical effects are discussed from the viewpoint of a model of the cellular structure and a two-phase model of partially crystalline polyethylene. The dependence of these effects on the nature of the force effect and on the temperature when force is used at the stage of producing chemically crosslinked polyethylene foam was established.
A Study of the Sorption Properties of Filled Non-Woven Materials
Authors: Genis A.V. , Baidakov B.V. , Nekrasov Yu. P. , Idiatulov R.K. , Sindeev A.A. , Kabanova G.S.
Published: September 2018

The influence of the structure and filler content of non-woven materials on their sorption properties under dynamic conditions was studied. The possibility of further increasing the sorption activity of carbon-filled materials while retaining their strength was shown.
The Degradation of Polyethylene and Mechanisms of its Stabilisation by Azomethinephenylmelamine Compounds
Authors: Murzakanova M.M. , Borukaev T.A. , Begretov M.M. , Mikitaev A.K.
Published: September 2018

An examination was made of the possibility of increasing the resistance of polyolefins to the harmful effect of heat and UV light with the aid of low-molecular-weight azomethines based on melamine and 4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzaldehyde. The main mechanisms of inhibition of thermooxidative degradation of polymers by multifunctional antioxidants of the azomethinephenylmelamine compound type have been demonstrated.
Approaches to Modelling the Kinetics of Extraction of Plasticisers from Polyvinyl Chloride
Authors: Dedov A.V. , Stolyarov V.P. , Pitikova O.V. , Nazarov V.G.
Published: September 2018

An analysis is made of the main known approaches to modelling the kinetics of desorption of plasticisers from polyvinyl chloride under different service conditions. The specific nature of extraction of plasticisers under conditions of counterflow of extractant into the polymer and its influence on the modelling of extraction kinetics are shown. The effectiveness of empirical and mathematical models for predicting the kinetics of extraction of plasticisers is considered. The limited nature of their application is noted, and some reliability of their use only for predicting a certain proportion of plasticisers is shown. A model is developed for predicting the kinetics of different stages of extraction, reflecting the different rates of the process and comprising a power-law function. The temperature dependence of the coefficient of the proposed empirical equation is shown.
Model Predictive Control as a Module for Autonomously Running Complex Plastics Production Processes
Authors: Stemmler S. , Reiter M. , Abel D.
Published: September 2018

With the ambitious forward-looking project “Industry 4.0”, the German government is promoting the computerisation of traditional industry as we know it today. Among other things, the factory of the future will automatically adapt to fluctuating requirements and increase its resource efficiency. An essential element of these developments is the systematic establishment of additional control loops. These control loops can be machine-oriented, ensuring as part of process control that the process stays reliably within predefined states. In addition, higher-level control loops, e.g. in the form of quality control loops, can adjust machine parameters as a function of the product quality required. In all cases, control technology promotes automatic and reproducible production. This paper gives a brief outlook on how methods from advanced control technology can support and improve production processes, e.g. in the plastics technology sector.
A Study of the Possibility of Lowering the Weight and Reducing the Wall Thickness of Large-Diameter Pressure Pipes
Authors: Biserov V.T. , Biserova N.V. , Kovriga V.V. , Shvabauer V.V.
Published: September 2018

An attempt has been made to replace a thick-walled pipe of large diameter (over 500 mm) with a thin-walled pipe of large diameter, reinforced with glass fibre mesh. It has been shown that, with single-layer reinforcement, it is possible to lower the weight of the pipes by 50% for pipes of up to 1000 mm diameter while retaining their hydraulic strength.
An Investigation of the Temperature Dependences of the Strength of Polyolefins used for the Manufacture of Heat Supply Feed Pipes
Authors: Kovriga V.V. , Pendik S.S. , Pyatin I.N. , Zaichikova I.V.
Published: September 2018

A study has been made of the strength properties of linear and crosslinked polyolefins used for the manufacture of the feed pipes of heat supply networks in the wide temperature range of 20–170°C. It is shown that crosslinked materials possess a wider working temperature range.
The Prediction of the Shrinkage of a Profile Based on Ethylene Propylene Rubber
Authors: Muromtsev D.N. , Gertseva O.N. , Pichkhidze S.Ya.
Published: September 2018

A comparative analysis is made of the shrinkage of model vulcanisates based on SKEPT-50 and SKEPT-60, and a method is proposed for predicting the shrinkage of vulcanisates based on ethylene propylene rubbers using an RPA2000 rubber processability analyser.
The Structure and Properties of the Products of Degradation of Polyethylene Terephthalate with Diethanolamine and Triethanolamine
Authors: Starodubtsev A.V. , Balakin V.M. , Kychanov V.E. , Krasil'nikova M.A.
Published: September 2018

The degradation of polyethylene terephthalate with diethanolamine and triethanoamine was studied. The structure of the polyethylene terephthalate degradation products was established by IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis.
The Effect of the Solvent on the Molecular Dynamics and Structure in Blended Composites of Polyurethane and a Copolymer of Styrene with Acrylonitrile
Authors: Karpova S.G. , Naumova Yu. A. , Akimova V.V. , Lyusova L.R. , Popov A.A.
Published: September 2018

By spin-probe electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, and study of the elastic strength properties (Instron), an investigation was made of the effect of solvents tetrahydrofuran (THF), methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), ethyl acetate (EA), and acetone (A) on the structure and molecular dynamics of blended composites based on polyurethane (PU) and a styrene acrylonitrile (SAN) copolymer. The molecular mobility (τ), degree of crystallinity (χ), and elastic modulus (E) undergo large changes in blended composites from 100% PU to 50% PU and 50% SAN, and only with a higher SAN content in the composite are sharp changes observed in the structural dynamic parameters, irrespective of the solvent. Increase in τ, χ, and E in blended composites as a function of the solvent was observed in the order THF, MEK, EA, and A, which is due to the thermodynamic affinity of the solvent and dissolved substance.
The Production of Polyimide Foam Materials Based on Acrylonitrile and (Meth)Acrylic Acid
Authors: Kornienko P.V. , Shirshin K.V. , Gorelov Yu. P. , Kuznetsova A.V. , Chervyakova G.N. , Khokhlova T.A.
Published: September 2018

A study was made of the influence of the structure and ratio of the principal monomers, and also the microstructure of obtained block copolymers of (meth) acrylonitrile and (meth)acrylic acid, on the formation, in the process of heat treatment, of poly(meth)acrylimide foam materials.
A Wood-Filled Composite Based on Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate. Production and Properties
Authors: Pogrebnyak I.L. , Sova N.V. , Savchenko B.M. , Pakharenko V.A. , Moisyuk V.S.
Published: September 2018

The possibilities of the combined recycling of wood and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste are examined. The mechanisms of the principal processes occurring in the production of the composite are described.
Assessment of the Use of Single-Layer Carbon Nanotubes as a Replacement for Traditional Pigments for the Coloration and Modification of Plastics
Authors: Kulichenko A.V. , Zakharov D.B. , Ivanov A.N. , Kuleznev V.N. , Kalugina E.V.
Published: September 2018

In the present work, an assessment is made of the use of single-layer carbon nanotubes as a replacement for traditional pigments for the coloration and modification of polymers on an industrial scale, and the physicomechanical, thermodynamic, and colour characteristics of specimens coloured with different pigments are analysed in detail.
The Effect of Small Additions of 4-(4′-Alkyloxybenzoyloxy)Cinnamic Acids on the Properties of Low-Density Polyethylene
Authors: Kuvshinova S.A , Potemkina O.V. , Novikov I.V. , Burmistrov V.A. , Koifman O.I.
Published: September 2018

The melt flow indexes of polyethylene modified with industrial and liquid-crystalline additives were determined. The wetting angles of polyethylene films by water and glycerine were measured, and their tribological characteristics were assessed. The effect of the modifier on the properties of low-density polyethylene is discussed.
The Rheokinetics of a Bisphenol a Epoxy Oligomer during Curing in the Presence of a Solid Filler Surface
Authors: Zarubina A.Yu. , Trofimov A.N. , Simonov-Emel'yanov I.D.
Published: September 2018

An investigation was made of model dressed and undressed solid and hollow glass spheres on the rheokinetics during the curing of epoxy binder based on ED-20. It was established that the introduction of solid undressed glass spheres in a quantity of over 15 wt% slightly accelerates the curing process (∼15%) of composites. For the first time it was shown experimentally that the surface treatment of glass particles with a dressing agent containing terminal amine groups leads to an increase in the curing rate owing to the chemical interaction of reaction groups of the dressing agent and epoxy oligomer.
The Dependence of the Thermophysical Properties of Filled Fluoroplastics on the Temperature and Concentration of Fillers
Authors: Zarichnyak Yu. P. , Ivanov V.A.
Published: September 2018

The results of measuring the specific heat and thermal conductivity of composite materials based on a polytetrafluoroethylene matrix with different volume fractions of disperse fillers – powders of coke, molybdenum disulphide, and finely disperse diamonds – in the temperature range 200–550 K are presented.
The Water Vapour Permeability of Polyethylene Packaging at Different Stages of Granulated Sugar Storage
Authors: Dedov A.V.
Published: September 2018

An investigation was made of the dependence of the permeability of polyethylene packaging for the storage of granular sugar on the storage time. Increase in the permeability of the packaging is a consequence of the mechanical action of sugar particles. Standardised storage conditions ensure the retention of diffusional water vapour permeability through stacked packaging. A model is proposed for calculating the coefficient of water vapour permeability through packaging for a certain storage time.
The Properties of Blends of Recycled Polyesters
Authors: Sova N.V. , Savchenko B.M. , Pakharenko A.V. , Pakharenko V.A.
Published: September 2018

The physicochemical and thermophysical properties of polyethylene terephthalate/polycarbonate blends were examined. The mechanisms of interaction between the components of polymer blends of different composition were investigated.
Hygienic Evaluation of Materials for the Production of Elastomers in Contact with Drinking Water
Authors: Schuster R.
Published: September 2018

Materials intended for use in contact with drinking water have to meet specific requirements for the protection of human health. In Germany, these requirements are laid down in the Drinking Water Ordinance and are legally binding. Where elastomer products are concerned, their hygienic assessment can alternatively be based on the Federal Environment Agency (UBA) Elastomer Guideline, which mainly addresses the evaluation of starting substances and their migration. This paper discusses the specific requirements and the principles of the assessment.
The Effect of the Filler on the Curing Kinetics of a Phenol–Urethane Composite
Authors: Doroshenko Yu. E. , Gorbunova I. Yu. , Kerber M.L. , Kravchenko T.P. , Tuzova S. Yu.
Published: September 2018

Viscometry and dynamic mechanical analysis were used to investigate the curing of a filled phenol–urethane composite.
Study of the Chemical Structure of Dialdehyde Carboxymethyl Cellulose Produced by Periodate Oxidation under Different Conditions
Authors: Dyatlov V.A. , Gumnikova V.I. , Grebeneva T.A. , Kruppa I.S. , Rustamov I.R. , Kireev V.V. , Maleev V.I.
Published: September 2018

13C nuclear magnetic resonance, paramagnetic resonance, and ultraviolet spectroscopy and high-resolution gel permeation chromatography were used to investigate the process of periodate oxidation of carboxymethyl cellulose and the structure and molecular weight characteristics of its oxidised forms produced under different conditions. It was shown that, in solution and in the solid state, aldehyde groups in the oxidised units exist in the form of cyclic hemiacetals. An examination was made of the existence of all the main cyclic intramolecular hemiacetal structures, and the most probable were proposed. The influence of the degree of periodate oxidation on the molecular weight characteristics and hydrolytic stability of dialdehyde carboxymethyl cellulose was studied.
The Inhibition of the Corrosion of Carbon Steel by Oligomeric Corrosion Inhibitors in Different Media
Authors: Beknazarov Kh. S. , Dzhalilov A.T. , Ostanov U. Yu. , Erkaev A.M.
Published: September 2018

The corrosion inhibiting capacity of oligomeric gossypol derivatives has been studied. It is shown that oligomeric gossypol-based corrosion inhibitors with urea adducts effectively protect steel against corrosion in a saline medium, while in acidic media the gossypol derivatives with melamine exhibit effective protection.
Modified Ultrafiltration Membranes Based on Sulphonate-Containing Polyamide with Controllable Sorption and Partitioning Properties
Authors: Smirnova N.N. , Nebukina I.A.
Published: September 2018

For ultrafiltration membranes based on a sulphonate-containing polyamide, the basic possibility of controlling their sorption and partitioning properties in relation to bovine serum albumin by immobilising transition metal ions has been shown. It has been found that the modification of membranes leads to a considerable increase in their sorption capacity in the pH region corresponding to the isoelectric point of protein.
A Reinforced Film of Graft Copolymers of Collagen and Acrylates
Authors: Karimov S. Kh. , Ibragimov A.T. , Rafikov A.S. , Askarov M.A.
Published: September 2018

A reinforced textile film material has been produced, based on graft copolymers of collagen with acrylic acid and methacrylic acid esters. IR and PMR spectra have been used to determine the chemical structure of the material, and its physicomechanical properties have been studied.
Producing An Integrated Primary Optic with Focus Head of An Led from Lsr Using An Innovative Im Technology
Authors: Hopmann C. , Röbig M. , Kaup M.
Published: September 2018

For many optical applications, for example in automotive manufacture, but also in camera phones, displays or lifestyle products, thermoplastics have overtaken traditional glass as the standard material. In addition to a significant weight reduction, their main advantages are great design flexibility, low production costs and the fact that no post-machining is usually necessary. However, their lower thermal and chemical resistance compared with glass, as well as their lower stability against high-energy radiation such as UV, has to be considered at the design stage. Thermoplastic optics are reaching their limits, particularly through the use of increasingly high-performance light-emitting diodes (LEDs). However, the class of materials of the highly transparent liquid silicone rubbers (LSRs) can meet the stringent requirements enabling new areas of application to be opened up for polymer optics.
Hexa-Para-Aminophenoxycyclo-Triphosphazene as a Curing Agent/Modifier for Epoxy Resins
Authors: Terekhov I.V. , Chistyakov E.M. , Filatov S.N. , Kireev V.V. , Buzin M.I.
Published: September 2018

Hexa-para-aminophenoxycyclotriphosphazene (ACP) was synthesised by the reaction of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene with Schiff base phenolate based on benzaldehyde and p-aminophenol, with subsequent removal of the azomethine group. Curing of epoxy resins using ACP leads to the formation of composites with improved thermal characteristics.
Controlling the Barrier Properties of Polyethylene Terephthalate. A Review
Authors: Beeva D.A. , Borisov V.A. , Mikitaev A.K. , Ligidov M.Kh. , Beev A.A. , Barokova E.B.
Published: September 2018

Polyethylene terephthalate is one of the most widely used materials in the production of containers and packaging. However, its application is limited by its low barrier properties in relation to oxygen and carbon dioxide. Methods used for the manufacture of containers with improved gas barrier properties are discussed.
Process Monitoring during Injection Moulding of Thermosetting Materials
Authors: Scheffler T. , Saalbach H. , Englich S. , Gehde M.
Published: September 2018

The continuing advance of technology is placing increasing demands on existing material systems while at the same time calling for weight reductions. In this context, thermoset moulding compounds display excellent thermomechanical properties, even at high service temperatures of more than 300°C. These properties are significantly influenced by parameters such as injection speed, mould temperature and geometry-dependent shear rates in the injection moulding process. A whole range of sensors are available for online monitoring of flow and cure characteristics. Since, in most cases, manufacturers distribute the sensors together with the appropriate software and hardware, purchase costs for the different systems are very high. The aim of the present investigation, conducted within the FiberSet research and development project, which was funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), was to compare these sensor systems for thermoset processing in injection and compression moulds and to permit appropriate analysis. Based on the findings obtained, an assessment of the industrial suitability of various sensor systems was made with reference to predefined criteria.
Active Elastomer Components Based on Dielectric Elastomers
Authors: Kaal W. , Herold S.
Published: September 2018

A new design concept developed at the Fraunhofer LBF allows dielectric elastomers to be integrated efficiently as load-bearing components, serving as both actuator and sensor at the same time. Since the concept is based on perforated metal electrodes with high electrical conductivities, it can also be used for highly dynamic and acoustic applications to which dielectric elastomers would not usually lend themselves. This article focuses on the adaptive properties of these elastomer components. By applying a static voltage, the effective complex elastic modulus and the loss angle of the composite material can be adjusted within certain limits and varied as required. Experimental results are provided to illustrate this approach and the potential of this new technology for innovative solutions is discussed.
The Compaction of Fibrous Fillers under Pressure and the Structure Formation in Reinforced Organoplastics during Processing
Authors: Pakhomov K.S. , Antipov Yu.V. , Simonov-Emel'yanov I.D. , Kul'kov A.A.
Published: September 2018

An examination has been made of questions of the compaction and structure formation under forming pressure of reinforcing organic and traditional (carbon, glass) fibrous fillers. The laws governing the compaction of the different reinforcing fibres under pressure were established, the possibilities of purposeful change in the structure of the reinforced polymeric materials during forming under pressure were shown, and the conditions of production of solid polymer composites of reinforced structure with fibrous fillers were also established.
New Composite Materials Based on Polyvinyl Chloride
Authors: Sadieva N.F. , Alieva A.Z. , Zeinalov E.B. , Iskenderova S.A. , Nuriev L.G. , Agaev B.K. , Gadzhiev T.P.
Published: September 2018

A new PVC-based composite material was developed in which 1,3-butanediol monoester of a mixture of aliphatic C8–C12 fatty acids was used as the plasticiser. The given ester was produced in the presence of catalyst nano-TiO2 (modification PS-500). The results of the conducted investigations indicate that the created plasticised PVC has far superior physicomechanical properties to industrial dioctyl adipate and dioctyl phthalate.
Technology for the Production of Thermoplastics for Road Marking
Authors: Voznyi S.I. , Evteeva S.M. , Talalai V.V. , Kochetkov A.V.
Published: September 2018

A generalised layout is proposed for planning the production of a road marking thermoplastic that can be adopted as the basis for flexible improvement and development as the formulation of the marking material changes. Achievable production-line technical design indices for manufacture of the thermoplastic are determined.
Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Medicinal Chitosan Film Coatings
Authors: Tuktarova I.F. , Kulish E.I. , Chernova V.V. , Lazdin R.Yu. , Zakharov V.P. , Zaikov G.E.
Published: September 2018

An examination is made of the enzymatic stability of film coatings based on chitosan and the antibiotic amikacin sulphate under the action of the enzymatic compound hualuronidase. It is established that the addition of the medicine causes a reduction in the rate of enzymatic hydrolysis of chitosan.
The Structure, Generalised Parameters, and Rheological Properties of Epoxy Spheroplastics
Authors: Trofimov A.N. , Zarubina A.Yu. , Simonov-Emel'yanov I.D.
Published: September 2018

An investigation was made and a description given of the rheological properties of spheroplastics based on hollow glass microspheres and epoxy oligomers in generalised parameters of their particulate-filled structure. It is shown that the main generalised parameters of the particulate-filled structure, determining the viscosity and fluidity limit, are the parameters aav and Θ, which depend on the packing of particles and their content in the composite. Dependences of viscosity and fluidity limit of particulate-filled polymer composites in generalised parameter coordinates are given for the first time, and the spheroplastics are classified according to the structural principle.
The Change in the Electrical Properties of Conductive Polymer Composites during Oxidation in the Process of Ageing
Authors: Sazonova E.O. , Kirsh I.A.
Published: September 2018

The change in the electrical properties of conductive polymer composites during oxidation in the process of ageing was shown, the nature of these changes is examined, the influence of temperature on the nature of the changes is described, and a program is created for mathematical description of the process of change in the electrical properties of the investigated materials when they are subject to stress and temperature.
A Study of the Effect of Ultrasound Treatment on the Rheological Properties of Polymers during Their Repeated Processing
Authors: Kirsh I.A. , Anan'ev V.V. , Chalykh T.I. , Sogrina D.A. , Pomogova D.A.
Published: September 2018

This article is devoted to a study of the effect of ultrasound treatment of melts of polymer blends on their rheological properties during repeated processing, to establish the possibility of the combined processing of polymer waste of different chemical nature.
Paint-And-Varnish and Adhesive Composites Based on Phenolic Oligomers
Authors: Amiraslanova M.N.
Published: September 2018

A review is given of research conducted in recent years in the field of the development of composite coatings and adhesive compositions based on phenol formaldehyde oligomers. Film-forming materials of different composition, the properties of coatings based on them, and also the fields of their application are described. Adhesive composites for the gluing of different materials – metals, wood – also used as binders are presented. The practical importance of the conducted research is substantiated.
The Synthesis of Oligomeric Derivatives of Gossypol and the Study of their Antioxidative Properties
Authors: Beknazarov Kh.S. , Dzhalilov A.T.
Published: September 2018

A study was made of the synthesis of oligomeric derivatives of gossypol with epichlorohydrin and allyl halides. The structure of the oligomeric derivatives of gossypol was confirmed by IR spectroscopic and elemental analysis. The antioxidative capacity of the oligomeric derivatives of gossypol in the inhibition of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) was investigated. Study of the antioxidative properties of the synthesised oligomeric antioxidants by mass chromatography showed that comparison of the decomposition products of LDPE made it possible to conclude that the antioxidants affect the process of C–C bond rupture. The number of R–In bonds formed during the degradation of LDPE can serve as the main criterion of stability of stabilised specimens
The Effect of Temperature on the Rate and the Order of the Reaction of Oxidative Polymerisation of Aniline in an Aqueous Solution of Polyvinyl Alcohol
Authors: Solov'eva I.V. , Rudakovskaya E.G. , Korshak Yu.V. , Shtil'man M.I. , Mezhuev Ya.O. , Brudz S.P. , Firer A.A. , Pokhil S.E.
Published: September 2018

An examination is made of the kinetic laws governing the oxidative polymerisation of aniline in an aqueous solution of polyvinyl chloride. The change in the order of the reaction with increase in temperature is shown, which is due to the heterogeneous autocatalytic nature of the process.
Polyolefin-Based Nanocomposites
Authors: Shitov D.Yu. , Kravchenko T.P. , Budnitskii Yu.M. , Lin N.Z. , Osipchik V.S.
Published: September 2018

An examination is made of the physicomechanical and processing properties of nanocomposites based on low-density polyethylene and polypropylene. The advantages of introducing organobentonite in the form of concentrate are shown, and also the influence of the processing parameters on the properties of the composites obtained.
Effect of a Reinforcing Layer on the Mechanical Loss Tangent of Vibration-Absorbing Materials
Authors: Sagomonova V.A. , Kislyakova V.I. , Bol'shakov V.A. , Dolgopolov S.S.
Published: September 2018

An investigation was made of the mechanical loss tangent (tg δ) of vibration-absorbing material VTP-1V in the form of a vibration-absorbing coating and with reinforcing layers of different chemical nature – metal and composite – based on glass and carbon fabrics. It was shown that the presence of a reinforcing layer leads to an increase in damping properties.
Combined Processes of Flow and Impregnation during the Moulding of Composite Articles
Authors: Baranov A.V. , Dakhin O.Kh.
Published: September 2018

An investigation is made of the isothermal filling of a plane cavity by a non-Newtonian fluid with simultaneous impregnation of a porous layer. The flow in the cavity is described by Navier–Stokes inertialess equations, and the flow in the porous layer by the Darcy equation, while in the region adjacent to the fluid/porous layer boundary, the Brinkman equation is used.