bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aspen Plus simulation for effluent reuse in thermomechanical pulp mills
Authors: Caldeira Daiane Cristina Diniz , Silva Cláudio Mudadu , Rodrigues Fábio de Ávila , Zanuncio Antonio José Vinha
Published: July 2023

The objective of this study was to evaluate the closing of the water circuit and reusing the treated effluent in the production of TMP, using simulations performed with the Aspen Plus®. The treated effluent was reused to replace 50, 75 and 100% of the well water. An adaptation of the Aspen Plus® program simulating the TMP production process and a dynamic simulation test to verify the accumulation of non-process elements (NPEs) in industrial processes at different proportions of reuse were evaluated. The quality of the final product was assessed in laboratory bleaching tests for pulp brightness and brightness reversion. The concentrations of the NPE were 0.00097, 0.00122 and 0.00145 kmol/h for Mn2+, 0.012929, 0.018368 and 0.023595 kmol/h for Fe2+ and 0.000542, 0.000722 and 0.000948 kmol/h for Cu2+, with the recycling of the treated effluent of 50, 75 and 100%, respectively. The brightness and brightness reversion of the pulp were similar with the different proportions of effluent reuse and with the use of fresh industrial water, with values ranging from 83.37 to 83.97% ISO and 5.43 to 6.38 ISO units, respectively. The use of treated effluent did not affect the pulp quality, which could diminish the water use a pulp mil.
Diet and Exercise Intervention in Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Taylor Natalie M. , Heresi Gustavo A.
Published: July 2023

Current pharmacologic treatments for pulmonary arterial hypertension lead to vasodilation of the pulmonary arteries, increasing cardiac output and reducing pulmonary vascular resistance in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Right ventricular failure is a leading cause of death in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension, but there remain no promising leads in the treatment of right ventricular failure. Current research demonstrates that metabolic abnormalities, particularly regarding insulin resistance and glucose intolerance, may be pathologic in the development of right ventricular failure in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. In this review, we will address the potential role diet and exercise may play in improving right ventricular failure in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension.
PH Professional Network: Mental Health and PH: APRNs and RNs Having a Positive Effect
Authors: Hansen Lillian , Brewer Jacqueline
Published: July 2023

Pulmonary hypertension is a complex and progressive disease. Patients suffering from pulmonary hypertension may also experience mental health issues. Screening and treatment for mental health issues in the pulmonary hypertension population is imperative but remains a challenge. Advanced practice registered nurses and registered nurses are key to overcoming these challenges.
Wearable Devices in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: What Are We Trying to Learn?
Authors: Lachant Daniel , White R. James
Published: July 2023

Background

Wearable technologies (accelerometers) are currently being evaluated as an alternative to the 6-minute walk test as an objective measure of functional status in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Multiple observational studies incorporating accelerometers have shown patients with PAH have low physical activity (PA) time.

Implications for clinicians

Despite widespread use of accelerometers, PA has not been shown to increase after adding vasodilator therapy, which suggests a behavioral component influencing activity. A decrease in PA from baseline may identify clinical worsening and someone at risk for future hospitalization. Cardiac Effort, the number of heart beats used during the 6-minute walk test/6-minute walk distance (beats per meter), has less variability than 6-minute walk distance and provides a comparable clinic measurement in the home setting. Cardiac Effort may provide a better remote measurement than changes in total daily activity when evaluating for clinical improvement.

Conclusions

The amount and duration of PA achieved in patients with PAH is likely related to a combination of right ventricular (RV) function, deconditioning, and environmental factors. Strategies to target all aspects are needed to improve PA. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal remote measure and monitoring period.
VAP Causative Agents During COVID-19 Pandemic Era: Narrative Review
Authors: Kandula Usha Rani , Tuji Techane Sisay , Abdulwahed Anwar , Diriba Ketema , Leta Kassech , Alemu Birhanu
Published: July 2023

Severe acute respiratory syndrome-Coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2) is very susceptible to transmission, and caused Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19), by spreading throughout the globe in early 2020 after starting in Wuhan, China in late 2019. Intensive care unit (ICU) COVID-19 patients ex-perienced elevated fatality rates as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. It is also anticipated that, the bacterial co-infection will cause a wave of subsequent bacterial illnesses. A significant infection causes morbidity in critically ill patients with COVID-19, is known as ventilator-associated pneu-monia (VAP). A public health emergency has been proclaimed for COVID-19 by the World Health Organization (WHO). As per WHO, more than 113 million COVID-19 cases have been confirmed, and there have been about 2.5 million fatalities. Early research has shown that nosocomial pneumo-nia, particularly VAP, is significantly more common in people with severe SARS-CoV-2 infections. ICU patients frequently experience Acinetobacter baumannii (AbB) infections, while Aspergillus species are the fungi most frequently responsible for VAP. The review emphasizes the most preva-lent microorganisms that caused infections to arise among hospitalized patients throughout the COVID-19 era. The literature identified AbB, Klebsiella pneumonia (KP), Aspergillus, Enterobac-ter cloacae (EC), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (Spm), Staphylococcus aureus (SA), Streptococcus pneumonia (SP), Haemophilus influenza (HI), Enterococcus faecalis (EF), Escherichia coli (E. coli), Candida albicans (CA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA), Serratia marcescens (SM), Burkholderia gladioli (BG), Mucor spp. (MS), Rhizopus spp. (RS), Cryptococcus neoformans (CN), Paracoccus yeei (PY). This review may help the health sectors to identify and focus on VAP causa-tive organisms during COVID-19 pandemic period, for the early initiation of prompt therapeutic management.
Fungal Lipids
Authors: Mohamed Hassan , Manzoor Shah Aabid , Nazir Yusuf , Song Yuanda
Published: July 2023

Lipids are considered a heterogeneous group of organic compounds which
contain fats and their derivatives. This chapter achieved the data available on the nature
and composition of lipids in filamentous fungi, and their distribution within the cell.
The chapter describes some aspects of lipid metabolism, including fatty acid
biosynthesis, lipid accumulation mechanisms, and different fermentation strategies.
The lipid content of vegetative hyphae varies between 1% and more than 50%, of
spores between 1% and 35%, and of yeast cells between 7% and approximately 15% of
the tissue dry weights. The amount of lipids produced by a given species of fungus
depends on the developmental stage of the growth and on the culture conditions.
Culture parameters that influence the growth and the lipid contents of fungi have been
found to be temperature, carbon and nitrogen sources, pH, inorganic salts, and others.
The qualitative and quantitative nature of the extracellular lipids is influenced by the
different growth parameters. The extracellular lipids known in a large number of
oleaginous strains include polyol fatty acid esters, glycolipids, hydroxy fatty acids,
sugar alcohols, acetylated sphingosines, and acetylated fatty acids. The main purpose
of this chapter was to explain the biochemistry behind fungal lipid accumulation in
oleaginous filamentous fungi, their distribution and functions, and the current
applications of fungal fermentation strategies.
Acylglycerols in Fungi
Authors: Nazir Yusuf , Prabakaran Pranesha , Naz Tahira , Mohamed Hassan , Nosheen Shaista , Ahmad Fazili Abu Bakr , Abdul Hamid Aidil , Song Yuanda
Published: July 2023

Over the past decades, fungi have been increasingly recognized as the
potential source of lipids that can be applied in various sectors, including nutraceutical
and biofuel. Thus, many studies have been conducted to understand the structural and
functional roles of lipid molecules, particularly in the potential oleaginous strains.
Lipids produced by oleaginous fungi comprise different classes, and acylglycerol,
which are esters formed from different fatty acids and alcohols such as glycerol,
represent the major components of the lipid. The biosynthesis of acylglycerol in fungi
involved a series of reactions involving the central carbon and glycerol-3-phosphate
(G-3-P), while its catabolism in vivo generally involved the degradation of
triacylglycerol (TAG) by intracellular lipase resulting in the release of fatty acids and
glycerol. The resulting glycerol will be phosphorylated, oxygenated, and enter
glycolysis, whereas the fatty acids will undergo β-oxidation into acetyl-CoA and be
used for various physiological functions. On the other hand, several fungi species,
particularly from the Mucoralles sp, have been documented to be able to utilize the oil
and fat as the alternative substrate for growth and reproduction due to its capability to
produce extracellular lipases which hydrolyze the ester bond of the TAG. This chapter
will comprehensively discuss the functional role of acylglycerol in fungi, its
biosynthesis, as well as in vivo and ex vivo degradation in fungi, which will be a bridge
toward the development of the industrial application.
An Overview of Lipid Droplets in Oleaginous Fungi
Authors: Manzoor Shah Aabid , Mohamed Hassan , Ahmad Fazili Abu Bakr , Song Yuanda
Published: July 2023

Triacylglycerols and steryl esters are the most common nonpolar lipids
found in Fungi. When cells are provided with an abundance of carbon-rich nutrients,
these storage lipids accumulate. Nonpolar lipids are sequestered from the cytosolic
environment in lipid droplets (LDs) because they cannot be incorporated into
biomembranes in large quantities. Triacylglycerol lipases and steryl ester hydrolases
mobilize lipids from this compartment upon demand. The degradation products act as
energy sources or building blocks for membrane formation. This chapter covers the
mechanisms of triacylglycerol and steryl ester synthesis, storage of these lipids in lipid
droplets, and subsequent mobilization in oleaginous fungi. The information on fungi’s
LD biology, like size and distribution, their composition, mechanism and dynamics of
formation, and their role in cell physiology, is important from a physiological and
biotechnological point of view that will facilitate these organisms as model systems
and also promote biofuel development.
Glycerophospholipids
Authors: Zan Xinyi , Sadaqat Beenish , Gu Qiang , Tao Yujiao , Liu Minmin , Sun Lei , Cui Fengjie , Sun Wenjing
Published: July 2023

Glycerophospholipids are defined as phosphatidyl esters attached to the
terminal carbon of glycerol in the triglyceride structure. Glycerophospholipids are the
most abundant phospholipids, which form essential structural components of cellular or
vesicle membranes. This chapter defines the mechanisms and regulations of
glycerophospholipid synthesis, such as phosphatidic acids, phosphatidylcholines,
phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidylinositol, and the roles
of glycerophospholipids in fungi and yeast lipid metabolism. Some essential enzymes
that catalyze the degradation of phospholipids were also discussed, such as
phospholipase C, phospholipase D and phospholipase B.
Aliphatic Hydrocarbons
Authors: Naz Tahira , Nosheen Shaista , Nazir Yusuf , Song Yuanda
Published: July 2023

Aliphatic compounds are carbon and hydrogen-containing hydrocarbon
complexes and are present in almost every plant, animal and microorganism. In 1929,
aliphatic hydrocarbons were first discovered by crude chemical methods. These
observations were later confirmed and expanded by more sophisticated instruments,
such as gas-liquid chromatography and GLC-mass spectrometry. Aliphatic
hydrocarbons were detected in the wax of most studied organisms and mainly
contained n-alkanes, but may also include n-alkenes, saturated and unsaturated, cyclic
alkanes, and isoprenoid hydrocarbons. Similarly, surfaces of higher plants contain a
complex waxy coating that consists of primary and secondary fatty alcohols, long
chains of fatty acids, ketones, aldehyde, terpenes, diols, waxy esters, glycerides, etc.
The chemical composition of aliphatic hydrocarbons, chain length predominance,
branching, the unsaturation of surface wax and their variation among various
organisms, such as plants, algae, bacteria, animals and particularly in fungi have been
described in the current chapter. The hydrocarbon distribution in animals is reported to
be slightly similar to that of higher plants, while in bacteria, a complex mixture of
normal, single- double branched, saturated, or unsaturated structural isomers are
reported. A brief description of the biotechnological production of various aliphatic
compounds using genetic engineering has also been presented in this chapter. The
biosynthesis of aliphatic hydrocarbons by two common routes, “elongation
decarboxylation” and “head-to-head condensation,” has been studied well in plants and
bacteria and are discussed here in detail. Pathways involved in the degradation of
hydrocarbons by aerobic and anaerobic microbes and the enzymes involved are also
described in this chapter. Aliphatic compounds with different chain lengths have been
of biotechnological interest for the past few decades as they perform various biological
functions in living organisms apart from their role as the chief component of diesel and
jet fuels. The current chapter also highlighted the biological importance of these
aliphatic hydrocarbons.
Biosynthesis of Sterols, Carotenoids, and Polyprenols
Authors: Wang Sen , Cui Qiu , Song Xiaojin
Published: July 2023

Sterols are essential lipid components for the cell membrane. In addition to
their structural roles, they are critical signaling molecules that regulate metabolism,
development, and homeostasis. Due to the functions of sterols being concentration.dependent, the biosynthesis of sterols is tightly controlled. Here, we reviewed the
biosynthesis processes of sterols (squalene, lanosterol, ergosterol, carotenoid, and
polyprenols) and analyzed the key and limited enzymes in these processes. Although
various sterols are identified in nature, their basic synthesis pathways appear to be
conserved. Squalene is the key intermediate in the biosynthesis of sterols, and the
cyclization of squalene into lanosterol (animals and fungi) or cycloartenol (plants),
producing various types of terpenoids. In addition to the synthesis processes of sterols,
how to enhance sterols production was also discussed, which provides the strategy for
the industrial production of sterol products.
Evaluation of the School Health Services (UKS) Role through the Pattern of Cooperation with the Community Health Centers in Creating a Healthy and Clean School Environment
Authors: Wijayanto Fajar Dwi , Hermawan Hedi Ardiyanto
Published: July 2023

This study aims at analyzing the role of the School Health Services (UKS) through the cooperation of the Community Health Centers (Puskesmas) in creating a healthy school environment. This study used an observational method by designing a cross-sectional analysis to analyze the implementation of the School Health Services (UKS) Triad Programs in Elementary School Units in Imogiri District, Bantul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, namely Kebonagung Elementary School, Nogosari Elementary School, and Pucung Elementary School. The research respondents were decided using a purposive sampling of school health business stakeholders from the education sector (office, school principals, teachers, and those in charge of UKS), the health sector, sub-district level government, and parents or guardians of students. SD Negeri Nogosari and SD Negeri Pucung were schools categorized as good in the management of the School Health Business Unit. These three public elementary schools have also collaborated with parents or guardians, Community Health Centers, and the surrounding community in implementing the School Health Services (UKS) Triad Programs.Keywords: Evaluation; School Health Services; Elementary Schools; Triad Programs
Kegiatan outbond sebagai media pendidikan karakter Pancasila pada pendidikan anak usia dini
Authors: Purwastuti Lusila Andriani
Published: July 2023

This study aims to examine character education learning media that are in accordance with the principles of learning in early childhood. Outbound can be used as a character learning medium in Early Childhood Education. Outbound as a character learning medium is an essentially learning approach that uses the principle of playing while learning, experience learning, which is adapted to aspects of child development. This research is a research and development following the model of Thiagarajan which consists of define, design, development, and disseminate. The results of this study indicate that outbound in early childhood education is adapted from outbound games commonly used in recreational places which are embedded in learning themes and sub-themes. Learning activities are adapted to learning in kindergarten which consists of an introduction, core, and closing. Outbound activities for PAUD consist of games Reaching for the Stars, Chain of Love, Defending the Fort, Building a Lighthouse, and Maze of Social Justice. The five forms of this game are learning that contains the values of divinity, humanity, nationalism, democracy, and welfare. Apart from that, outbound learning also includes the values of cooperation, empathy, tolerance, leadership, and being able to stand the test of facing challenges. Outbound is an effective learning media for national character education for early childhood.
Strategi guru dalam membangun karakter nasionalisme pada generasi milenial di era digital
Authors: Widiatmaka Pipit
Published: July 2023

This study aims to describe and analyze the challenges of teachers in building the nationalism character in the millennial generation in the digital era and strategies faced by teachers in building the nationalism character of students in formal education in the digital era. This study uses a qualitative approach using library research methods. Data collection technique with document study, and data analysis used is content analysis. The results of the study indicate that the challenges of teachers in Indonesia in building the nationalism character of the millennial generation are that they have not mastered competencies as educators (pedagogic, professional, social, and personality) to the maximum and have not been able to implement various learning methods and have not been optimal in utilizing digital-based learning media. The teacher's strategy in building the nationalism character of the millennial generation in the digital era is that the teacher must be able to master competencies as an educator, prepare effective learning tools, and implement various learning methods to utilize digital-based learning media. The development of technology is a challenge for teachers in building the nationalism character, so teachers must be able to adapt to the times and always improve their competence.
Evaluasi program penguatan pendidikan karakter di SD Muhammadiyah Pakel Plus Yogyakarta
Authors: Jadid Sultan , Widodo Hendro
Published: July 2023

This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the character education strengthening program in Pakel Plus Muhammadiyah Elementary School. This type of research is an evaluative research with the CIPP model. Data collection techniques were carried out by interview, observation, and documentation methods. The research subjects consisted of the principal, the KDP program coordinator, 2 classroom teachers, and 3 students. The results showed that the context components of the school's vision, mission, and goals were very appropriate or 80%. The input components, namely HR are very appropriate or 90%; facilities and infrastructure are very appropriate or 90%; as well as appropriate funding sources or 75%. Components of the process of strengthening class-based character education, namely the curriculum is very appropriate or 90%; class management is very appropriate or 90%; and appropriate learning methods or 75%; strengthening school culture-based character education, namely the PPK schedule is very appropriate or 90%; school culture is very appropriate or 90% and extracurricular is very appropriate or 90% and strengthening community-based character education is appropriate or 75%. The product component consists of the results of the implementation of the character education strengthening program for students who are very suitable or 90%.
Pentingnya etika dan religiositas dalam membentuk karakter akuntan yang baik
Authors: Budastra Made Aditya , Sari Hesty Winanda , Budastra I Ketut
Published: July 2023

Profesi akuntan memegang peranan yang sangat krusial dalam dunia ekonomi, sehingga tuntutan untuk memahami kode etik akan selalu menyertai profesi ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peranan etika dan religiositas dalam membentuk karakter akuntan yang baik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu literatur review. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini yaitu artikel ilmiah, buku, berita, dan sumber-sumber data lainnya yang dapat menjawab permasalahan yang dikaji. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui penelaahan terhadap semua data penelitian tersebut. Data dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa etika memiliki peranan yang penting dalam membentuk karakter akuntan yang baik, sehingga akuntan harus memahami serta menelaah standar etika yang tercantum dalam Kode Etik Akuntan Indonesia pada profesinya. Namun, proses tersebut harus diawali dengan membangun moral yang baik terlebih dahulu, seperti melalui pelatihan navigation wheel. Di sisi lain, aspek religiositas memiliki peranan yang penting dalam menunjang pemahaman terhadap etika akuntan, karena religiositas merupakan sumber nilai bagi akuntan dalam melaksanakan pekerjaannya yang berlandaskan pada ajaran Al-Quran dan hadis yang selalu mengarah pada kebaikan.The accounting profession plays a very crucial role in the economic world, so the demand to understand the code of ethics will always accompany this profession. This research aims to analyze the role of ethics and religiosity in shaping the character of a good accountant. The method used in this research is literature review. Data sources in this research are scientific articles, books, news, and other data sources that can answer the problems studied. Data collection techniques through the study of all the research data. Data was analyzed qualitatively. The results of this research found that ethics has an important role in shaping the character of a good accountant, so accountants must understand and examine the ethical standards contained in the Code of Ethics for Indonesian Accountants in their profession. However, the process must begin by building good morale first, such as through navigation wheel training. On the other hand, the aspect of religiosity has an important role in supporting an understanding of accountant ethics, because religiosity is a source of value for accountants in carrying out their work which is based on the teachings of the Qur'an and Hadith which always lead to goodness.
Dalit Consciousness and Imitative Cultural Symbolism in Coming Out as Dalit by Yashica Dutt
Authors: Bhoot Dr Vibha
Published: July 2023

The social context of traumatic incidents defines, conditions, and propagates socio-cultural prescribed responses to certain types of experience often trying to regulate the strictures of forfeiture, memory, and grieving. Since traumatic events focus the fissures and gaps of the societal oppressive conditions, as well as the expansive limit of demonstrating experiences and incidents of fringes, they give birth to the politics of mourning, which is impelled by the societal prerequisite to surround, domesticate, and regulate any dynamism disturbing its recognized order. She elucidates several modern institutions that foster caste hierarchy in society. The article focuses on how Yashica Dutt's writing aims to create the concept of caste in the Indian socio-cultural aspect. Finally, the article makes the case that imitative cultural symbolism is a part of one’s identity and can be seen as a component of response towards inferiority and identity crisis. The article continues by pointing out how similar synergies are developed with racial discourses.
Christian’s struggle and Quest for Spiritualism in John Bunyan’s Pilgrims’ Progress
Authors: Velu R.
Published: July 2023

John Bunyan was longing for Religion. Author makes the use of Allegory as a literary device which gives him more space to explore his Didactic aims. This religious fiction has given as an autobiographical element. Christian is protagonist. Knowledge is gained through travel by portraying Christian and his companions learning from their mistakes. Whenever Christian puts up with problems and difficult, he prays God Christian carries load on his back. He goes the place where is fenced on both side with wall which is called ‘Salvation’. Christian’s Wife Christiana also struggles in the second part. Not only Christian in his life struggles to attain salvation, but also his wife comes across problems like her husband. She thinks that Christian goes over the river. Christiana tells to her four children about her father and his struggle. Children fall into tears. Christiana prepares to follow her husband. The life of Christian and his struggle is to attain salvation. Though he comes across many problem, he is stubborn his religious goal. He comes across many struggles. It powerfully expresses the truth that the present life is a kind of Pilgrimage. Jesus Christ liberates a sinner from the power of sin when a man shows life time faith and devotion to him. The path of the Christian life is riddled with many problems hurdles and Obstacles. Christian fights against evil powers and gets victory.
Theorising Environmentalism and Caregiving: A Critique of Ecofeminism
Authors: Shaji Athira
Published: July 2023

The paper focuses on the conceptualization of care giving during ecological disasters from a gender perspective. There has not been adequate research on care from a socio cultural context (T. Revenson, 7). The cultural context of care is important as it helps to understand the different dimensions of caregiving and the experience of caregivers. The research documented by Heller and Rowitz in 1997 shows that majority of the caregivers are women especially mothers. In a cultural setting of home, it is normative for women to invest themselves in the role as a caregiver. Caregiving is perceived as a self sacrificing role that women are expected to undertake because of moral responsibility (Lefley, 443). The ethic of care is an important part of the ecofeminist practice. Women’s role as a caregiver also positions them as natural environmental carers. With reference to the socio-cultural background in the selected eco-narratives, the study intends to make a critical appraisal of the ecofeminist theory in order to understand its relation between women and nature. The study further examines how such a relationship reinforces the gendered nature of care and its impact on women at a cultural level.
Simulación numérica del control de temperatura para un modelo de parámetros concentrados obtenido de la ley de enfriamiento de Newton
Authors: Ojeda Misses Manuel Alejandro , González López Juan Carlos
Published: July 2023

En este artículo es aplicado un controlador óptimo para el control de temperatura. El modelo propuesto está basado en la ley de enfriamiento de Newton un modelo de segundo orden obtenido que la tasa a la que la temperatura de un cuerpo disminuye con el tiempo es proporcional a la diferencia de temperatura entre el cuerpo y su entorno, los objetivos de desempeño deseados con la energía de control más pequeña, por lo tanto, el controlador LQR puede satisfacer el requisito. El problema clave para aplicar el controlador LQR es elegir la matriz ponderada Q y R correctas del índice de rendimiento. Utilizando Matlab-Simulink, se implementa la simulación del modelo propuesto. Los resultados de la simulación confirman que el controlador LQR puede reducir el error de estado estable, mejorar la respuesta y reducir los objetivos de rendimiento mediante poca energía.
Prediseño de una red de drenaje pluvial urbana con algoritmos genéticos
Authors: Fuentes Mariles Óscar Arturo , Gracia Sánchez Jesús , Chompa Abarca Juan Antonio , De Luna Cruz Faustino
Published: July 2023

Se propone el diseño de una red de drenaje pluvial urbana con un método de optimación que consta de dos partes, en una se plantea la conexión de los pozos de visita de manera que se tenga poco recorrido del agua en sus tuberías y en la otra, se basa en un algoritmo genético para encontrar el menor costo de adquisición de las tuberías y de la excavación necesaria para su instalación cumpliendo con varias restricciones hidráulicas y constructivas recomendadas en manuales de construcción de redes de este tipo. El procedimiento descrito se hace el enlace de las tuberías que conforman la red (trazo de la red) procurando que se obtenga la menor suma de las longitudes ellas. Se considera que los conductos son de sección circular donde sus diámetros solo toman valores comerciales. Se calcula la pendiente de cada tubería de la red tratando que la profundidad hidráulica del flujo del agua (tirante) sea del 80% del diámetro, para aproximarse a la capacidad de conducción de flujo del líquido en su interior. Finalmente, se muestra su aplicación a un caso real y se revisa el funcionamiento hidráulico de la red diseñada simulando con el modelo EPA-SWMM 5.1.015 el flujo a superficie libre no permanente en la red para asegurarse que se cumplieron las restricciones hidráulicas y las hipótesis plantadas con flujo permanente.
Mielitis transversa aguda asociada con infección por SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Escobar Pérez Laura
Published: July 2023

In addition to causing respiratory problems, SARS-CoV-2 can cause a wide spectrum of neurological complications such as headaches, ageusia, anosmia, encephalopathy, cerebrovascular disease, Guillain-Barré syndrome and other polyneuropathies, meningoencephalitis, acute necrotizing hemorrhagic encephalopathy, and central nervous system syndromes associated with inflammation. In this review we present 39 cases of acute transverse myelitis (ATM) associated to SARS-CoV-2 infection. All cases had a positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) nasopharyngeal swab and/or antigen test. Biochemical analyses confirmed the absence of other pathogens and autoantibody-mediated neuroinflammatory disease, except for two cases, one with autoantibodies against the oligodendrocyte myelin glycoprotein (anti-MOG IgG) and another with anti-MOG IgG and anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD65). Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) studies confirmed the diagnosis of ATM. Although causality cannot be inferred, it is likely that isolated cases of ATM are the consequence of a para or post-infectious process in SARS-CoV-2. In this work, the probable causes of ATM associated with SARS-CoV-2 are discussed. The understanding of the mechanisms behind these neurological disorders triggered by a viral infection will help to optimize the therapeutic strategies for patient management. Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; transverse myelitis; long COVID; demyelination; nervous system.
Las jugarretas del destino
Authors: Fortoul Teresa I.
Published: July 2023

Nature, destiny, bad luck were a constant in the life of the Uruguayan writer Horacio Silvestre Quiroga Forteza. Since birth, his life was full of painful experiences that served as inspiration for his stories, marked by nature and destiny.
Attempts at reconciliation in Aristaenetus' "Erotic letters"
Authors: Hajdarević Sabira
Published: July 2023

Even though scholars are yet to agree on the authorship of the epistolary collection "Erotic Letters", it is usually ascribed to Aristaenetus and it was probably written in the 6th century AD. The letters of the collection mostly depict extramarital affairs (with "hetairai", slaves or married women), often accompanied by conflicts fuelled by (sometimes justified) jealousy or either partner’s lack of interest because there are better options: e.g. a "hetaira" gets a richer client, a client is seduced by a younger or better-looking girl, etc. Therefore, most reconciliation efforts in the "Letters" are in fact the lovers’ attempts to either get back together and improve their relationships or to end them in a civilised manner or otherwise. The focus of the research is on the analysis of the protagonists’ reconciliation strategies and methods (such as verbal persuasion, lying, causing sympathy, projecting guilt onto somebody else, letter-writing, the use of male or female mediators, etc.) and their effectiveness. The final goals are: to point out the most common reconciliation methods employed, to investigate whether or not the men and women use similar methods, to check which gender is more likely to choose indirect reconciliation methods, such as the use of mediators or writing and sending letters, and to examine which gender is generally more successful at reconciliation (as well as to explain why that is so). Additionally, the author’s depictions of reconciliation and his use of reconciliation as a narrative tool are put into a wider context through a comparison with other epistolary collections of this type, the originality of these depictions is scrutinised and probable models (within and outside of the subgenre) are proposed.
Algorithm Visualizer
Authors: Kulkarni Anuj , Padave Saish , Shrivastava Satyam , Kawtikwar Mrs.Vidya
Published: July 2023

Abstract: In recent years, computer science education has become increasingly important as technology continues to play a dominant role in our lives. The understanding of algorithms and their implementation is a crucial aspect of computer science education. Visualizing algorithms can be a powerful tool to help students understand and retain the concepts behind them. This paper presents a new algorithm visualizer that focuses on two main types of algorithms: sorting algorithms and graph pathfinding algorithms. The algorithm visualizer was created using React.js, a popular JavaScript library, and provides visualizations for various sorting algorithms, such as merge sort, quick sort, heap sort, and bubble sort. Additionally, the visualizer includes visualizations for graph pathfinding algorithms such as breadth-first search, depth-first search, and A*. The visualizer also includes mazes and patterns that can be solved using the pathfinding algorithms, allowing users to see the algorithms in action. The algorithm visualizer provides a user-friendly interface that allows users to step through the algorithms and see how they work. This interactive approach to learning algorithms provides a valuable resource for students and educators alike. The visualizer is also highly customizable, allowing users to adjust the speed and complexity of the algorithms to fit their needs. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the design, implementation, and evaluation of the algorithm visualizer.
Instructional Competencies, Developmental Needs and Performances of Teachers in the New Normal: Basis for Learning and Development Training Plan
Authors: Solomon Celia A.
Published: July 2023

Abstract: The study aimed to determine the instructional competencies, developmental needs and performances of teacher in the new normal based on SAT-RPMS which served as basis for developing a learning and development training plan for Social Studies teacher in Antipolo National High School. The study employed descriptive quantitative research. Using total population, 45 Social Studies teachers served as respondents. The Philippine Professional Standards for Teachers (PPST) Self-Assessment tool was used as the main instrument to determine the functional and core behavioral competencies and developmental needs of teachers. In addition, performances of teachers were based on the two classroom observations. The findings of the study revealed that Social Studies teachers are of high level of competence with regards to the majority of indicators or objectives in the SelfAssessment Tool-Result Based Performance Management System. 5 out of 11 indicators is of moderate level. The respondents were also of moderate level when it comes to performing various related work/activities that contribute to the teaching - learning process. In terms of the core behavioral competencies, indicators under result focus revealed that the majority of the respondents rated their self, 3 or most of the time demonstrate the indicators. This means that teachers of Social Studies, still need to improve in terms of processes and approaches that can yield several benefits in teaching and learning. They consistently demonstrate the indicators under self- management, professionalism and ethics and team work, most of the time demonstrate in terms of service orientation and indicators in innovation to be demonstrated sometimes. A learning and development training plan should be proposed based on the developmental needs of Social Studies Teachers. It is recommended that school leaders utilize the result of the study in order to design an appropriate learning and development training plan for the respondents.
Computer Aided Drug Designing Approach for Prospective Human Metastatic Cancer
Authors: Kumari Uma , Balhara Nehal , Singh Ojas
Published: July 2023

Abstract: It is well known that finding new drugs is a difficult, expensive, time-consuming, and expensive project. According to a study, the typical time and cost for developing a new medicine through the conventional drug development pipeline is 12 years and 2.7 billion dollars. The pharmaceutical industry is grappling with the difficult and pressing challenge of how to find new drugs faster and at lower research costs.Insilico,The field of computer-aided drug discovery (CADD) has shown significant promise as an advanced technology for secure, cost-effective, and efficient drug design. In recent times, there has been remarkable progress in computational tools for drug discovery, particularly in the development of anticancer therapies. This progress has had a significant impact on the design of anticancer drugs and has provided valuable insights into the field of cancer treatment. To carry out molecular docking, we utilized AutoDock software and prepared the target protein by loading and converting its PDB file format into a macromolecule. Additionally, the ligand structures underwent energy minimization (EM) and were selected alongside the target proteins in AutoDock. To ensure coverage of the binding site residues, a suitable grid box with appropriate dimensions was chosen
Asesmen Kekuatan Struktur Bangunan Terkait Penambahan Lantai Gedung Asrama Pondok Pesantren Entrepreneur Muhammadiyah (PPEM) Gondanglegi Kabupaten Malang
Authors: Wahyudiono Sandi , Aulia Indira Kumalasari  , Zamzami Septiropa
Published: July 2023

Keberhasilan program pendidikan sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor sarana dan prasarana pendidikan yang dapat menunjang pembelajaran di pesantren, termasuk di Pondok Pesantren Entrepreneur Muhammadiyah (PPEM) Gondanglegi. Dari data awal yang didapatkan di lapangan diketahui bahwa PPEM Gondanglegi ini kekurangan sarana kelas dan penginapan karena bertambahnya jumlah santri yang mendaftar. Untuk itu pihak PPEM ingin menambah jumlah lantai di Gedung Asrama yang awalnya terdiri dari 2 lantai. Permasalahan yang dihadapi pihak PPEM adalah tidak mempunyai data-data terkait pembangunan Gedung seperti data tanah, gambar teknis, serta jenis pondasi yang digunakan karena kontraktor yang berbeda tiap pembangunan per lantainya. Untuk itu diperlukan pengecekan Gedung dan Asesmen kekuatan struktur bangunan gedung apakah layak dan aman jika nantinya ditambah 1 lantai atau bahkan 2 lantai. Target yang diharapkan dari Asesmen kekuatan struktur bangunan gedung ini adalah hasil analisis uji Hammer Test untuk mengetahui mutu beton bangunan gedung serta laporan hasil pengecekan kekuatan struktur bangunan gedung apakah aman jika dilakukan penambahan lantai bangunan. Dari hasil asesmen bangunan Gedung asrama dapat diketahui kalau bahwa mutu beton di lantai 1,2 dan 3 sudah sesuai standar SNI untuk Gedung bertingkat dan bisa mendukung jika dilakukan penambahan untuk lantai 4 serta dapat direkomendasikan untuk melanjutkan pekerjaan pembangunan di lantai 4 dengan beberapa catatan yang harus dilakukan seperti fungsi ruang dan jenis material.
What’s on Our Plate?
Authors: Williams Sr. Kim Allan , Chu Jian , Kerolos Mina , Ikram Mashaal , Rembert Emilie
Published: July 2023

Plant-based and pescatarian diets, as recommended for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease, have been found to be highly protective from moderate to severe COVID-19 illness, and may be protective from an inflammatory response to SARSCoV-2 vaccines. The authors initially sought to correlate the self-reported nutritional habits of physicians in two Chicago-area academic medical centers, with the occurrence of symptoms after each of their two COVID-19 vaccinations. However, of the 274 respondents, 196 (72%) were eating an unrestricted omnivorous diet. The restricted diet group included 41 (15%) semi-vegetarians (reducing, but not eliminating, animal products), 14 (5%) who consumed vegetables, eggs, and dairy, but no fish or red meat, 12 (4%) who consumed vegetables, seafood, eggs, and dairy, but no red meat, 10 (4%) who ate vegetables and seafood without red meat, eggs, or dairy, and one physician (0.3%) who consumed no animal products. Thus, this study was underpowered for the healthy dietary patterns (i.e., pescatarian/vegetarian) as published in the 2019 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, as most physicians surveyed were on an unrestricted American diet in these two academic medical centers. These findings call for more vigorous physician nutrition education and implementation strategies for evidence-based guidelines.
Dificultades en la precisión ortográfica de palabras agudas en la escritura académica de estudiantes del sistema educacional chileno
Authors: Ferreira Cabrera Anita , Blanco San Martín Lorena , Elejalde Jessica
Published: July 2023

En este estudio descriptivo mixto se plantea como objetivo describir los patrones estructurales presentes en los errores de omisión de tilde en palabras agudas en un corpus lingüístico conformado por 1.626 palabras, las cuales se obtuvieron a partir de tareas de escritura producidas por estudiantes de segundo año de enseñanza media pertenecientes al sistema escolar chileno. Para ello, se utilizaron procedimientos metodológicos de la lingüística de corpus y del análisis de errores asistido por la tecnología. Los resultados sugieren 1.430 patrones estructurales, distribuidos en categorías léxicas de sustantivo, adjetivo, adverbio, preposición, locución preposicional y verbo. Los patrones más representativos son: -és con 315 (22%) frecuencias, -ción con 260 (18%) y está con 185 (13%). Para ayudar en este tipo de error de los estudiantes, se sugiere que los docentes aborden estos patrones a través de tareas cognitivas y actividades didácticas que permitan mejorar la competencia ortográfica.
PROCEDURE FOR THE ECLIPSE PRAYER
Authors: Nurfitri Nurfitri
Published: July 2023

The ulemas agree that in Islamic Sharia, there is advice to perform eclipse prayers, but they differ in opinion about the procedures for its practice. This study compares the views of the Ḥanafī, Mālikī, al-Syāfi'ī, and Ḥanbalī schools of thought regarding the eclipse prayer procedures and the arguments used. This study is a normative legal research with a comparative approach and included in the literature research. This study found that the Ḥanafī school considers the procedure for performing the eclipse prayer the same as other prayers, while the Mālikī, al-Syāfi'ī, and Ḥanbalī schools distinguish it. The Ḥanafī school determines how to pray the eclipse based on general instructions from the Hadith, while the Mālikī, al-Syāfi'ī, and Ḥanbalī schools refer to detailed hadiths. ‘Āisyah narrated that during the eclipse prayer, Prophet Muhammad recited Surah al-Fatihah twice, bowed twice, stood up twice, and prostrated twice. This study concludes that the Ḥanafī school tends to decisions making based on general propositions.
EMERGENCY CRITERIA FROM THE MAQĀṢID PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Sabil Jabbar
Published: July 2023

Ulemas agrees that emergency conditions result in legal relief, but they use different methods in formulating emergency criteria. An emergency is a distress condition that threatens the primary needs in human life, but sometimes in an individual case, the secondary need rise to become primary. Therefore, an emergency criterion includes both primary and secondary that rise to become primary. This fact led Ibn 'Abd al-Salam to use the approximation method. If the secondary distress conditions approach the primary distress conditions, this is a reason to apply for legal relief. As for al-Syāṭibī, he formulated an emergency condition based on the customs in society. This study found that these two methods integrated into two stages of research in contemporary ijtihad methods. The first is the descriptive stage, in which the mujtahid describes the reality so the emergency becomes concrete and measurable. The second is the prescriptive stage, in which emergency conditions can convert into the Sharia emergency criteria that mujtahid can determine for legal relief.