bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Parkia from Cerrado: phytochemical bioprospection, toxicity and in vitro bioactivities of bark and flower extracts
Authors: Fernandes R. M. N. , Cardoso C. A. L , Alves D. R. , Morais S. M. , Scapin E.
Published: November 2023

Abstract Parkia platycephala is the only species of the genus Parkia that is endemic to the brazilian Cerrado and the tree symbol of the state of Tocantins, but there are still few studies regarding its bioprospecting. In this study, we aimed to investigate the phytochemical composition, toxicity and bioactivities of the bark and flower of Parkia platycephala. Hot sequential extractions (Soxhlet) were performed using methanol and hydroethanolic solution (70%), after degreasing the sample (hexane). The presence of flavonoids, tannins, steroids and alkaloids was detected in the preliminary screening. Trilinolein, (Z)-9-octadecenamide, 3-O-methyl-d-glucose were detected by Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). In the Liquid Chromatography with Diode Array Detector (LC-PDA) analysis, it was detected exclusively ferulic acid (bark) and ellagic acid (flower). The ethanolic extract of the bark (IC50=10.69 ± 0.35 µgmL-1) has an antioxidant potential (DPPH• radical) higher than that of the rutin standard (IC50=15.85 ± 0.08 µgmL-1). All extracts showed excellent anticholinesterase potential (Ellman), with emphasis on the ethanol extract of the flower (IC50 =5.34 ± 0.12 µgmL-1). Regarding toxicity (Artemia salina), the methanolic extract of the bark and the ethanolic extract of the flower presented high and moderate levels, respectively. Such results limit the concentrations of biological activities in this study, however, the antioxidant and anticholinesterase indices fall short of toxicity. The results demonstrated promising antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities of both the bark and the flower of Parkia platycephala.
The efficiency of salicylic acid and poultry manure on growth and volatile oil production of Coriandrum sativum L. plants
Authors: Al-Fraihat A. H. , Zatimeh A. A. , Al-Dalain S. Y.
Published: November 2023

Abstract This research was conducted during the two experimental seasons 2021/2022 and 2022/2023 to explore the effect of salicylic acid (SA) concentrations at 0.75.150 and 300 ppm, fertilization of poultry manure (PM) on rats 0, 5, 10/ and 20 m3/ha as well as their interactions on growth, yield and volatile oil components of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). It resulted in a significant increase in plant growth traits in terms of plant height, number of branches, fresh and dry weed weight, number of threads, and seed yield per plant and hectare, when plants were treated with fine particles at a high concentration (300 ppm). While the highest values for volatile oil production were when spraying at a concentration of 200 parts per million, it was also proven that poultry manure at all levels was more effective in increasing the previously studied traits. All tested variables were significantly affected by the interaction coefficients. In this respect, most of the combination therapies significantly increased all aspects examined. Moreover, foliar application at 300 ppm SA plus high level (20 m3/ha) was the most effective treatment for growth and yield characteristics while oil production was better at 200 ppm concentration with the same level of poultry manure. GC-MS analysis of the volatile oil indicated that poultry manure and foliar applications with salicylic acid concentrations also affected the major constituents. The combination of SA at 200 and 300 ppm plus PM at the higher level (20 m3/ha) resulted in increased percentages of major components compared to the untreated plants and the other treatments.
MTHFR 677C>T (rsRS1801133) variant is associated with hyperhomocysteinemia but not with clinical severity in patients with peripheral arterial disease
Authors: Silvestre Guilherme da Silva , Carrara Iriana Moratto , Flauzino Tamires , Lozovoy Marcell Alysson Batisti , Cecchini Rubens , Reiche Edna Maria Vissoci , Simão Andréa Name Colado
Published: November 2023

Abstract Background The MTHFR 677C>T variant’s involvement with hyperhomocysteinemia and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is still unclear. Objectives To evaluate associations between the MTHFR 677C>T (rs1801133) variant and susceptibility to and severity of PAD and homocysteine (Hcy) levels. Methods The study enrolled 157 PAD patients and 113 unrelated controls. PAD severity and anatomoradiological categories were assessed using the Fontaine classification and the Inter-Society Consensus for the Management of Peripheral Arterial Disease (TASC), respectively. The variant was genotyped using real-time polymerase chain reaction and Hcy levels were determined using chemiluminescence microparticle assay. Results The sample of PAD patients comprised 60 (38.2%) females and 97 (61.8%) males. Patients were older and had higher Hcy than controls (median age of 69 vs. 45 years, p<0.001; and 13.66 µmol/L vs. 9.91 µmol/L, p=0.020, respectively). Hcy levels and the MTHFR 677C>T variant did not differ according to Fontaine or TASC categories. However, Hcy was higher in patients with the CT+TT genotypes than in those with the CC genotype (14.60 µmol/L vs. 12.94 µmol/L, p=0.008). Moreover, patients with the TT genotype had higher Hcy than those with the CC+CT genotypes (16.40 µmol/L vs. 13.22 µmol/L, p=0.019), independently of the major confounding variables. Conclusions The T allele of MTHFR 677C>T variant was associated with higher Hcy levels in PAD patients, but not in controls, suggesting a possible interaction between the MTHFR 677C>T variant and other genetic, epigenetic, or environmental factors associated with PAD, affecting modulation of Hcy metabolism.
Uma Problematização sobre a Natureza das Ciências: análise da Nobel Lecture de Philipp Lenard e do movimento nazista “Deutsche Physik”
Authors: Suttini Ronivan Sousa da Silva , Caluzi João José , Errobidart Nádia Cristina Guimarães
Published: November 2023

Um dos objetivos da educação científica atual é promover uma compreensão mais autêntica acerca da Natureza das Ciências (NdC). No entanto, uma dificuldade recorrente é a escassez de materiais históricos acessíveis que possibilitem aos professores implementar abordagens sobre aspectos da NdC. Diante desse contexto, realizou-se um estudo em duas etapas. Na primeira parte, foi feita uma análise e discussão da Nobel Lecture, proferida pelo físico alemão Philipp Lenard (1862–1947), por ocasião do recebimento do Prêmio Nobel de Física de 1905. Na segunda etapa, foi construído um relato histórico sobre a gênese e desenvolvimento do movimento nazista “Física Alemã” (“Deutsche Physik”) durante os anos de 1920 e 1938, sob a liderança de Philipp Lenard e Johannes Stark (1874–1957). A seleção dos aspectos de NdC a serem problematizados foi realizada com base na abordagem investigativa por “temas” e “questões”, proposta pelo pesquisador André Martins (2015). Por meio de trechos específicos, realizou-se uma discussão, mostrando em que medida é possível problematizar as principais imagens distorcidas sobre o trabalho científico, apontadas por Gil-Perez et al. (2001). Ao final deste artigo, disponibiliza-se, como “material suplementar”, a tradução, na íntegra, do discurso de apresentação e do conteúdo da Nobel Lecture.
P.-L. ASSOUN E A IRONIA INERENTE AO INCONSCIENTE
Authors: Gellis Andre Luiz
Published: November 2023

RESUMO: Figura polissêmica e polimorfa, de expressiva abrangência, a ironia é objeto de sucessivas análises de múltiplas áreas de estudos, o que contrasta com a quantidade de estudos psicanalíticos dedicados a ela. Este trabalho busca circunscrever e discutir a ideia de uma ironia inerente ao inconsciente proposta por Assoun e mostrar que comentários temáticos e críticos de textos elementares podem fornecer subsídios para a abordagem da ironia pela psicanálise, mesmo se comportarem um viés retrospectivo e comparativo.
Infrared thermography for detection of clinical and subclinical mastitis in dairy cattle: comparison between Girolando and Jersey breeds
Authors: Ribeiro Isabele Pessoa , Gonçalves Pablo Henrique Delai , Rodrigues Manoela Simionato , Nascimento Guilherme Batista do , Baptista Rafaela Speranza , Calil Filho José Ruben Lacerda , Wolf Alexandre , Wolf Sandra Helena Gabaldi
Published: November 2023

Abstract Mastitis is one of the most prevalent diseases in dairy cattle globally, ranking at the top in terms of prevalence and incidence. It impacts milk production and quality, subsequently decreasing economic returns and farm sustainability. Early diagnosis and treatment of mastitis are crucial to mitigate its detrimental effects on both animals and the dairy industry. Infrared thermography (IRT) in animals serves as a clinically relevant method to detect pathophysiological changes, marked by thermal variations caused by inflammation. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of IRT as a diagnostic tool for clinical and subclinical mastitis in Girolando and Jersey cows. We examined 78 udder quarters from Girolando cows and 104 from Jersey cows, all from farms in the Adamantina region. Differences in IRT image intensities were compared with anterior and posterior udder temperatures at a single central point or area, correlating with results from Tamis and CMT tests. All analyses were conducted in R software, with a significance level set at 5%. When evaluating thermographic images, the effect size was significant for the breed and CMT test, but not for the Tamis test. In conclusion, IRT exhibits potential in screening for subclinical mastitis in the evaluated breeds, demonstrating a predictive diagnostic capability similar to the CMT, albeit with a temperature difference between them. Their measurements, whether at a point or an area of the mammary gland, were found to be equivalent.
Gestational period and reproductive cycle in Spix's yellow-toothed cavy (Galea spixii Wagler, 1831)
Authors: Vale André Menezes do , Oliveira Gleidson Benevides de , Araújo Júnior Hélio Noberto de , Bezerra Ferdinando Vinícius Fernandes , Sousa Ana Caroline Freitas Caetano de , Diniz João Augusto Rodrigues Alves , Lopes Igor Renno Guimarães , Oliveira Moacir Franco de
Published: November 2023

Abstract Spix's yellow-toothed cavies are rodents displaying high biological and farming potential. Knowledge of cavy reproductive aspects is paramount for satisfactory breeding. This study aimed to determine the gestation length and characterize the reproductive cycle phases of Spix's yellow-toothed cavies, also investigating potential male effects on these processes. The investigated animals were categorized into three groups: Gestational follow-up (G1), with a 5:1 female-to-male enclosure ratio; estrous cycle (G2), with a 5:1 female-to-male ratio with a male confined to a cage; and G3, consisting of five females and no male. Daily colpocytological examinations were performed, with the presence of spermatozoa on the microscopy slides indicative of copulation. G1 females were separated from the male immediately after copulation, with this being considered day "zero" of the pregnancy. G2 and G3 females were evaluated for two complete estrous cycles and qualitatively assessed through vaginal smears. The gestation length of the Spix's yellow-toothed cavies averaged 59 ± 2.24 days, with a continuous polyestrous cycle lasting 14.8 ± 0.73 days in G2 and 14.6 ± 0.75 days in G3. The proestrus phase was characterized by the dominance of parabasal cells, dyes, bacteria, and leukocytes; the estrus phase, by superficial cells with the predominance of anucleate cells with and without the presence of bacteria; the metestrus phase, by parabasal cells and numerous genuine cells, neutrophils, and bacteria; and the diestrus phase, mainly by basal, parabasal, and mutant cells, as well as high amounts of vaginal mucus, neutrophils, and bacteria. The presence of a male cavy significantly influenced diestrus duration, prolonging this phase, which is potentially attributed to female progesterone production effects.
Educational disparities in Brazil may interfere with the cognitive performance of Parkinson's disease patients
Authors: Lima Danielle Pessoa , Bonfadini Janine de Carvalho , Carneiro Alexandre Henrique Silva , Almeida Samuel Brito de , Viana Júnior Antonio Brazil , Nogueira e Silva Ana Cecília , Roriz Filho Jarbas de Sá , Braga Neto Pedro
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT. The prevalence of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD) is about 20% to 60%. The Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) is the most used cognitive screening test. Objective: To evaluate the influence of clinical and demographic characteristics, specifically the education level, on the MMSE score in PD patients of a northeast Brazilian sample. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of 198 PD patients at a Movement Disorders outpatient clinic in Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. Participants were assessed by detailed clinical history, modified Hoehn and Yahr staging (HY), geriatric depression scale (GDS) and MMSE. Results: We found that 68% of patients had MMSE scores below the Brazilian thresholds, which were based in Brucki et al. study (2003). There was a statistically significant difference in the bivariate analysis between educational level and cut-off classification for MMSE. More years of formal schooling were associated with more patients scoring below threshold. We found that 75%, 68.8%, and 79.7% of individuals with more than 11, 9 to 11, and 4 to 8 years of formal schooling, respectively, were below the suggested Brazilian Brucki's threshold. GDS and age were negatively correlated with total MMSE and all its domains. There was no correlation between disease duration and MMSE. Subjects with hallucinations had lower scores. Conclusion: Most of the sample had lower performance according to Brazilian thresholds, but there was no control group and no neuropsychological test in this study. Further studies in northeast Brazil are needed to review MMSE cut-off values.
Cognitive profile of patients with and without speech impairment in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Sousa Nariana Mattos Figueiredo , Diniz Juliana de Fátima Garcia , Galvão Ana Paula , Brucki Sonia Maria Dozzi
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT. Cognitive functions have been the subject of studies evaluating the pathophysiological mechanism of speech control. Objective: To compare the groups of patients with and without speech disorders with cognitive assessment, demographic, and clinical data (disease duration, functionality, and motor symptoms). Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional study. Patients were evaluated using the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III and neuropsychological tests. The following speech subsystems were analyzed: articulation, phonation, resonance, and prosody, through auditory-perceptual evaluation (based on the Protocol for the Evaluation of Acquired Speech Disorders in Individuals with Parkinson's Disease — PADAF Protocol tests), observing aspects of speech programming and execution. The patients were distributed into three subgroups (normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia). After speech evaluation, they were divided into two subgroups (with and without speech disorders). Results: A total of 150 patients participated in this study, 104 men and 46 women, 63.58 (8.81) years of age, 11.03 (4.00) years of schooling, 6.61 (4.69) years of disease progression, and with the highest proportion of individuals in stage I–II of the Hoehn & Yarh (H&Y) scale (86, or 57.33%). Statistically significant differences were observed between subgroups with and without speech alteration. Worse performance was verified in the Trail Making Test (TMT) TMT-Δ and a tendency of difference in the TMT-B of the subgroup with speech disorders, in addition to worse severity of motor symptoms (H&Y) and cognitive complaints. Conclusion: Individuals with speech disorders brought more frequent cognitive complaints and impairment below expected in tests assessing executive functions. Future studies, with stratification by type of speech disorder, are necessary to contribute to and validate these results.
O apoio institucional na gestão da Atenção Básica do estado da Bahia: uma análise do processo de trabalho
Authors: Prata Diego Rangel dos Anjos , Araújo Marcos Vinícius Ribeiro de , Arce Vladimir Andrei Rodrigues
Published: November 2023

Resumo O apoio institucional se configura como recurso do Método Paideia para alcançar a cogestão, com vistas a transformar uma dada realidade. Na Bahia, o apoio surgiu em 2007 para estabelecer um novo modo de gerir a Atenção Básica estadual, de forma a efetivar as diretrizes da Política Estadual de Atenção Básica, evidenciando a relevância do processo de trabalho desenvolvido nesse contexto. O estudo objetivou analisar o processo de trabalho dos apoiadores institucionais que atuam na gestão da Atenção Básica do estado da Bahia. Trata-se de um estudo de caso com abordagem qualitativa, realizado na Secretaria da Saúde do Estado da Bahia, envolvendo apoiadores e dirigentes. Os dados foram produzidos por meio de entrevistas individuais e analisados conforme o referencial teórico metodológico da hermenêutica-dialética. Os achados evidenciam percepções ambivalentes sobre os elementos do processo de trabalho do apoio institucional e pouca referência aos documentos institucionais de gestão e de planejamento, sugerindo dependência das características individuais dos apoiadores para a estruturação do trabalho. Contudo, o estudo apresenta potencialidade de disparar um processo de reflexão/inflexão em apoiadores e dirigentes sobre o papel do apoio desenvolvido pela gestão estadual da Atenção Básica, visando promover a (re)conformação dessas práticas e o fortalecimento da sua política.
Etiopathogenesis of pathological mandibular fracture: literature review and case reports
Authors: DIAS Kelly Bienk , VITANCORT Anne Carolina Ferreira , COSTA Plínio Abel Alexandre da , HARTEL Caroline , SARAIVA Thaís Becker de Almeida , SCHIEFFERDECKER Sérgio Antônio
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT Pathological mandibular fractures are fractures induced by pathologies affecting the mandible’s base or those resulting from forces that would typically be tolerable if the bone were not compromised by an underlying condition. These fractures often present complex clinical scenarios owing to the compromised bone integrity caused by the pathology, which impedes resolution. Systemic changes may also diminish the capacity for bone neoformation, significantly limiting therapeutic options. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a comprehensive review of the published scientific literature and present clinical cases related to the treatment and prevention of pathological mandibular fractures. A literature review was conducted, focusing on case reports indexed in the MEDLINE and SCIELO databases using specific keywords as descriptors. The search yielded ten articles, which described the etiopathogenesis, classified as infectious, idiopathic, benign pathology, malignant pathology, and iatrogenic. The literature suggests that prioritizing surgery to address the underlying local pathology is crucial. Managing the remaining bone defect optimally may necessitate multiple surgical interventions. Furthermore, preventive measures should be implemented in potential iatrogenic cases. Notably, fractures of malignant, idiopathic, hereditary, and metabolic etiologies may indicate the initial manifestation of diseases.
Comparative structure of similarities and differences between tree and cognitive model of Cognitive Behavioral Theory
Authors: Marcelos Maria de Fátima , Nagem Ronaldo Luiz , Andrade Alan Rodrigo
Published: November 2023

Abstract Objective To contribute to studies in Psychology through a systematic and methodological analysis of the comparison between a tree and the cognitive model of the cognitive behavioral theory, establishing similarities and differences between the comparative domains. Method It is a qualitative, exploratory, documentary research, based on the Conceptual Metaphor, the Cognitive-Behavioral Theory, and on the Methodology of Teaching with Analogies. It starts from the hypothesis of the existence of a conceptual metaphor in which “the cognitive model is structured like a tree”, transposing characteristics between both. It verifies, classifies, analyzes the comparison by means of analogical reasoning and the filling of comparative charts between vehicle and target. Results The results point to the complexity and potential of comparison if treated systematically and methodologically. Conclusion The research results corroborate the hypothesis that originated it.
Drug regulation and criminalization in Brazil
Authors: Castro Neto Antonio Gomes de , Couto Filho André de Brito
Published: November 2023

Abstract Objective The present study aims to evaluate, through a narrative review of the literature, how State’s control has exercised regulation of drug use throughout the history of Brazil. Method Books, articles from indexed academic journals, complete works presented at conferences and historical documents available on the internet relating to the topic were consulted. Results The first criminal legislation related to drug use only appeared in Imperial Brazil. During this period, the first problems due to drug use also begin to appear. The creation of higher education courses in the areas of health and natural sciences resulted in the training of professionals capable of handling and supervising chemical and pharmaceutical products. Over time, observing the effects, some substances become proscribed. Conclusion Throughout the country’s history, the use and regulation of drugs has permeated all eras, influencing culture, education and the population’s way of life. There is currently a great debate about drug policies in Brazil, mainly regarding marijuana and its therapeutic uses, once again showing the influence of the State on the health and safety of the population.
Paving the road to the apocalypse: Oppenheimer and Hiroshima
Authors: Scott Paul
Published: November 2023

Abstract Christopher Nolan Oppenheimer theatrical release was 21 July 2023. It has received stellar reviews. As of November 2023, the movie has not been released in Japan and there is speculation that it may never be. Japanese critics have been quick to point out that the three hour long movie did not show the death and destruction in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The over 200,000 dead and the survivors are largely absent from the movie. Finally, while the movie is not a celebration of the man dubbed the “father of the atomic bomb” it nevertheless paints him as sympathetic character. This treatment may be objectionable to some. Nolan’s movie is not about the decision to drop two nuclear weapons on Japan. It is not a documentary. Yet Oppenheimer the scientist can never be separated from atomic weapons and the slaughter of civilians. That he was tortured by the result of his work is true, but he was aware at what he was doing. An underlying theme of this essay is the dangers of hubris. This essay attempts to demonstrate how both the memory of Hiroshima and Oppenheimer are linked as both being contested icons. Nolan made this movie in a hyperpolarized America. The didactic functions would have to resonate with his audience. Oppenheimer, a brilliant erudite leftwing Jewish intellectual from New York, was humiliated and hounded out of public life in an era hysterical anti-communist rightwing politics. The specter of rightwing populism hangs over the movie and is thread throughout this essay. Oppenheimer is a cautionary tale about the deliberate and blind paths taken towards an apocalypse.
Os discursos literários, científicos e filosóficos em C. S. Peirce
Authors: Nöth Winfried
Published: November 2023

Resumo Para Charles S. Peirce (1839-1914), fundador do pragmatismo filosófico e da semiótica moderna, não há antagonismo entre os discursos literário e científico. Ambos os textos literário e científico são signos que propõem argumentos por meio de símbolos, índices e ícones. De modo similar, argumentos científicos e literários exercem uma agência semiótica autônoma e criam suas próprias realidades. O artigo apresenta Peirce como um cientista, bem como um leitor e crítico da literatura mundial e faz um resumo do trívio semiótico peirceano da gramática especulativa, lógica crítica e retórica especulativa e da sua aplicabilidade ao estudo do discurso literário.
Análise da performance do sistema de abastecimento de água nos municípios do Mato Grosso: comparação prestação do serviço público versus privado
Authors: Turini Larissa Rodrigues , Abreu Victor Hugo Souza de , Lima Eliana Beatriz Nunes Rondon , Oliveira Felipe Resende
Published: November 2023

Resumo Os serviços de abastecimento de água são infraestruturas básicas para atender as necessidades de consumo de água da população. Desde o final da década de 1970, em alguns países desenvolvidos, os serviços de abastecimento de água foram privatizados na tentativa de melhorar seu desempenho. Nesse contexto, o estado de Mato Grosso possui uma característica única no Brasil, possui um serviço de saneamento totalmente municipalizado. Essa pesquisa busca analisar o desempenho, por meio de indicadores, dos sistemas de abastecimento de água em 120 cidades do estado de Mato Grosso. Os dados foram extraídos da plataforma do Plano Municipal de Saneamento Básico 106 (PMSB 106), de municípios com população inferior a 50.000 habitantes, com referência aos anos de 2015 a 2017. Para isso, realizou-se a seleção de 26 indicadores, seguindo com a aplicação do teste T, do método dos mínimos quadrados ordinários e do propensity score matching. Com a análise estatística de comparação média (Teste T) observou-se que a prestação de serviço do privado se sobressai em relação ao público, porém, ressalta-se que, uma comparação simples de média entre o sistema público e privado não é suficiente para inferir que um sistema é mais eficiente do que o outro. Ao aplicar a análise multivariada (método de Mínimos Quadrados Ordinários e o Propensity Score Matching), os cálculos mostraram que não há diferenças significativas entre a prestação realizada pelo prestador privado ou público, no que se refere aos indicadores de cobertura, perdas, taxa de inadimplência e intermitência segundo as variáveis selecionadas. Destaca-se ainda que, a discussão sobre eficiência do sistema de abastecimento deve levar em consideração as problemáticas decorrentes de questões políticas, contratuais e a inexistência de entes reguladores competentes.
Cochlear synaptopathy and hidden hearing loss: a scoping review
Authors: Colla Marina de Figueiredo , Lunardelo Pamela Papile , Dias Fernanda Abalen Martins
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT Purpose To identify the pathophysiological definitions adopted by studies investigating “cochlear synaptopathy” (CS) and “hidden hearing loss” (HHL). Research strategies The combination of keywords “Auditory Synaptopathy” or “Neuronal Synaptopathy” or “Hidden Hearing Loss” with “etiology” or “causality” or “diagnosis” was used in the databases EMBASE, Pubmed (MEDLINE), CINAHL (EBSCO), and Web of Science. Selection criteria Studies that investigated CS or HHL in humans using behavioral and/or electrophysiological procedures were included. Data analysis Data analysis and extraction were performed with regard to terminology, definitions, and population. Results 49 articles were included. Of these, 61.2% used the CS terminology, 34.7% used both terms, and 4.1% used HHL. The most-studied conditions were exposure to noise and tinnitus. Conclusion CS terminology was used in most studies, referring to the pathophysiological process of deafferentiation between the cochlear nerve fibers and inner hair cells.
Sinaptopatia coclear e perda auditiva oculta: uma revisão de escopo
Authors: Colla Marina de Figueiredo , Lunardelo Pamela Papile , Dias Fernanda Abalen Martins
Published: November 2023

RESUMO Objetivo Identificar as definições fisiopatológicas adotadas pelos estudos que investigaram a “sinaptopatia coclear” (SC) e “perda auditiva oculta” (PAO). Estratégia de pesquisa Utilizou-se a combinação de unitermos “Auditory Synaptopathy” or “Neuronal Synaptopathy” or “Hidden Hearing Loss” com “etiology” or “causality” or “diagnosis” nas bases de dados EMBASE, Pubmed (MEDLINE), CINAHL (EBSCO) e Web of Science. Critérios de seleção Incluiu-se estudos que investigaram a SC ou PAO em humanos com procedimentos comportamentais e/ou eletrofisiológicos. Análise dos dados Realizou-se a análise e extração de dados quanto a terminologia, definição e população estudada. Resultados Foram incluídos 49 artigos. Destes, 61,2% utilizaram a terminologia SC, 34,7% ambos os termos e 4,1% utilizaram PAO. As condições mais estudadas foram exposição ao ruído e zumbido. Conclusão A terminologia SC foi empregada na maioria dos estudos, com referência ao processo fisiopatológico de desaferenciação entre as fibras do nervo coclear e as células ciliadas internas
Violência no trabalho de profissionais de enfermagem na Estratégia Saúde da Família
Authors: Duarte Lúcia Rondelo , Camargo Lívia de Campos , Soares Nicole Trevisan
Published: November 2023

Resumo Objetivos: caracterizar a violência sofrida por profissionais de enfermagem em Unidades Básicas de Saúde da Família, revelar as consequências dessas vivências, apontar medidas de prevenção. Métodos: pesquisa qualitativa com análise de conteúdo por categorização temática. Participaram do estudo 26 profissionais de enfermagem de 12 Unidades de Saúde da Família de um município do interior de São Paulo. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevista oral, utilizando roteiro semiestruturado. Resultados: a forma de violência mais relatada foi a agressão verbal de usuários insatisfeitos com o atendimento. Entre as consequências das experiências vividas, destacaram-se atitudes defensivas, além de sentimentos de medo e desânimo. As medidas de prevenção apontadas pelos participantes foram educação, ação organizacional, adoção de tecnologias relacionais. O descompasso entre oferta e demanda nos serviços, a falta de condições dignas de trabalho e a ausência de medidas de promoção da saúde dos trabalhadores - aliados à naturalização da violência - ajudaram a entender o cenário evidenciado. Conclusão: a violência está presente no ambiente laboral dos profissionais de enfermagem e precisa ser minimizada na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Refletir sobre as manifestações da violência, o quanto ela é prejudicial e como pode ser prevenida torna-se essencial para seu enfrentamento.
Associação entre sintomas depressivos e inatividade física em trabalhadores técnico-administrativos de uma universidade pública do Nordeste do Brasil: estudo transversal
Authors: Beck Filho Jorge Augusto , Pitta Ana Maria Fernandes , Bonfim Camila Barreto , Christovam Barbara Pompeu , Machado Ana Carolina , Guimarães Lara Freitas , Hora Tatiane , Brito Luciara Leite , Maia Helena Maria Silveira Fraga
Published: November 2023

Resumo Objetivo: investigar a associação entre sintomas depressivos e inatividade física em trabalhadores técnico-administrativos de uma universidade pública do Nordeste do Brasil. Métodos: estudo transversal realizado no estado da Bahia. Os sintomas depressivos foram avaliados pelo Patient Health Questionnaire-9 e o nível de atividade física pelo International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Foi realizada análise de regressão de Poisson e estimadas as razões de prevalência (RP) e seus respectivos IC95%. Resultados: 301 servidores participaram do estudo, dos quais 71,1% do sexo feminino. A prevalência de sintomas depressivos foi de 25,7% e 52,0% dos servidores declararam ser fisicamente inativos. Sintomas depressivos e inatividade física se mostraram associados com os modificadores de efeito “tempo de trabalho na instituição ≤ 15 anos” (RP: 3,03; IC95%: 1,05;9,16) e “lotação em setores administrativos” (RP: 1,90; IC95%: 1,14;3,18). Conclusão: os resultados evidenciam a associação entre sintomas depressivos e inatividade física em trabalhadores técnico-administrativos de uma universidade pública do estado da Bahia, tendo como principais fatores associados o tempo de trabalho na instituição e a lotação do servidor.
Full-scale and half-scale fibreglass-confined concrete columns for seismic resilience
Authors: Sheikh Shamim A. , Kharal Zahra
Published: November 2023

Steel corrosion is by far the biggest durability issue for many reinforced concrete bridge structures worldwide. The columns in these bridges can be critical, especially for seismic resistance. In this study, glass-fibre-reinforced-polymer bars were investigated as an alternative to steel for sustainable and resilient bridge construction. As lateral reinforcement is more susceptible to corrosion, and structures fully reinforced with fibreglass bars display softer responses with lower shear and flexural capacity, fibreglass spirals and longitudinal steel reinforcement were used in the tested columns. The experimental programme included the design, construction and seismic testing of full-scale (508 mm diameter) and half-scale (356 mm diameter) columns. The other variables investigated were the axial load and the amount and spacing of spirals. For both column sizes, fibreglass spirals provided increasing confining pressure to the concrete core with increased deformations. For the full-scale columns, no adverse size effects were observed in comparison to the half-scale columns. The columns produced large ductility and energy dissipation. Results from selected representative specimens are presented here to establish the feasibility of using fibreglass spirals in circular bridge columns. Resilience can thus be built into new columns through innovative durable fibreglass lateral reinforcement, with similar if not superior behaviour to steel-reinforced columns.
Connecting North Atlantic SST Variability to European Heat Events over the Past Decades
Authors: Krüger Julian , Kjellsson Joakim , Kedzierski Robin Pilch , Claus Martin
Published: November 2023

The occurrence of European heat events has increased during the last two decades. European heat events are responsible for social, economic and environmental damage and are projected to increase in magnitude, frequency and duration under global warming, strengthening the interest about the contribution of different mechanisms. Using the ERA5 reanalysis product, we go beyond case studies relating European heat events with cold North Atlantic sea surface temperatures (SSTs), and perform a systematic approach with a composite analysis to investigate the link between North Atlantic SSTs in a domain south of Greenland and the 2m air temperature (T2m) over central Europe. Composites of different North Atlantic SST states show that events with a negative tendency of North Atlantic SSTs are often followed by positive European T2m anomalies during summers when the North Atlantic SSTs are persistently low for several months. Enhanced lower–tropospheric baroclinicity in the North Atlantic is followed during these events by a slantwise ascent and an enhanced upper–tropospheric waveguide, promoting a downstream development of an European ridge. A combination of a wave number 3 pattern and regionally confined Rossby wave activity contribute to a trough–ridge pattern in the North Atlantic–European sector. A composite of European heat events further confirms the lagged statistical relationship between cold North Atlantic SSTs with a negative tendency and positive European T2m anomalies. A negative tendency of North Atlantic SSTs precedes 15 of 18 European heat events, and cold North Atlantic SST conditions are present during 14 of 18 European heat events.
Evaluating the Role of Public Hearings within Deliberative Democracy: Operationalising the Democratic Standards as a Framework
Authors: Lightbody Ruth
Published: November 2023

Public hearings are used widely in policy and decision making. Hearings have been subject to criticisms in some academic quarters. While some of these criticisms are valid, hearings have been overlooked in terms of the democratic value at a relational level. It has been suggested in theory that they are valuable for a deliberative approach to democracy, yet very little evidence exists to support this or to illustrate how hearings can best be utilised as part of a deliberative democratic system. This article contributes to the deliberative literature in two key ways. First, I introduce the democratic standards set out by Smith (2009) in a comparative framework, the Democratic Standard Enactment Index (DSEI), which offers a systematic way to analyse public hearing’s capacity to enact core democratic norms inclusiveness, popular control, transparency and considered judgement. Second, using four case studies, I highlight the strengths and weaknesses of hearings, evaluate how effectively they can be coupled with other democratic institutions, and consider where there are best placed to contribute to a deliberative democratic policy making process. Overall, the democratic norms are consistently fulfilled by the hearings. Their limitations can be overcome by changes to the format and by linking the hearings with other participatory and deliberative processes. The findings provide important nuance to our understanding of the role of public hearings as part of a deliberative democratic system.
Death benefit provisions in the Pension Funds Act 5 of 2019 of Lesotho: Contradictions or deliberate policy choices?
Authors: Mhango Mtendeweka
Published: November 2023

This article discusses the provisions in the Pension Funds Act 5 of 2019 (PFA 2019) that regulate the payment of death benefits after a member of a pension fund has died. While the article welcomes the death benefit provisions in the PFA 2019, it discusses two potential problems that will likely confront Lesotho as it implements those provisions. The first problem is the possible contradiction between sections 32 and 35(1) of the PFA 2019. The article suggests ways to avoid this potential contradiction short of amending the PFA 2019. The second problem is the absence of a definition of a "dependant" in the PFA 2019 and the constitutional implications of this. The article recommends reliance on the common-law definition of dependency or the inclusion of such a definition in the regulations to the PFA 2019.
Big data in insurance contracts - a tool for good, or bad?
Authors: van Eck Michele , Huneberg Samantha
Published: November 2023

Big data is changing the way many companies conduct business on a day-to-day basis. Insurers are notorious for utilising data in the risk assessment of prospective and current policyholders. The use of such risk assessment mechanisms in insurance has resulted in some discrimination between various policyholders but this has been held to be justifiable due to the fact that it is based on actuarial science and is therefore viewed as fair. However, the advent of big data, data analytics, algorithms, and artificial intelligence is providing insurers with far more sophisticated data about potential policyholders. This may prove to be beneficial to insurers in many ways, but it also brings about additional possibilities of exclusion within the industry. This use of big data has the potential to increase social injustices within our country, which is something that needs to be avoided as much as possible. Discrimination, through the use of big data, is a reality that needs to be addressed by insurers and regulators alike. Achieving social justice as far as possible in the insurance industry is crucial and also requires considerations in the areas of morality and ethics. The reason for this is that the very nature of big data is integrally linked to the assessment of the policyholder's moral risks and hazards for the benefit of the insurer is often linked to personal circumstances and, sometimes, the financial circumstances of the policyholder, and may even speak to the policyholder's integrity. Although potentially beneficial for the insurers from a risk assessment perspective, the use of big data has ethical and moral considerations within the insurance context. After all, the insurance industry's collection, storage, and use of big data raises ethical and moral concerns and casts a shadow on the manner it is used to assess policyholders. This discussion highlights the need for regulatory oversight of big data, an aspect that is notably missing in the South African legislative framework.
Locust and Armies in Joel 1-2: One More Possible Scenario
Authors: Poniatowski Felix
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this article is to analyse the descriptions of the locust (Joel 1) and the approaching army (Joel 2) in an attempt to reconstruct the scenario of events that could explain the maximum details of the text. Usually, scholars identify the locust and the army based on an assumed date of the book's composition. This article suggests a different approach: first to identify the characters of Joel 1 and 2 based on the thorough analysis of the text and reconstruct the possible scenario of the events, before trying to define with which time frame this scenario better fits. The analysis arrived at the following conclusions: the author deliberately portrays the invasion of the locust (Joel 1) and the approaching army (Joel 2) as two events of a similar significance, scope and consequences. Both, the locust attack and the approaching army should be interpreted as pointing to the military vents. The description of the locust invasion is used as a metaphor for the destruction of the Northern Kingdom by Assyria. The prophet invites the population of Judah to wail over the destruction of the sister-state but no one heeded the prophet's invitation. Then Joel announces another calamity (Joel 2) that will hit Judah if the people do not repent.
The literary moment of resumption in the Pentateuch
Authors: Warning Wilfried
Published: November 2023

The resumptive repetition (Wiederaufnahme) is one of the literary devices used to shape the transmitted text in MT + Sam. To a certain degree, the first chapters of Genesis seem to be outlined by the relative particle הב ת ("which") and the noun הב ת ("heaven"). Part of the Abraham story is highlighted by the word הב ת ("to swear"), הב ת ("camel"), שלוםםלו ("Machpelah"), שלוםםלו("cave"), מערהרעה מ רץא ה ת א("to give the land") and the noun הב ת ("seed, offspring"). Lastly, the Joseph story accentuates the terms שלוםםלו ש ("the land of Canaan"), מערהרעה מ רץא ה ת א ("neck"), שלוםםלו ש ("to sprout"), שללו ש ("peace, well-being") and שלוםםלו ש ("to recognise"). The second part of this study will throw light on terminological patterns which underline different thematic and theological aspects in Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy.
Hiding behaviour of bats in sandstone mines of North-Eastern Ukraine
Authors: Vlaschenko Anton
Published: November 2023

Winter counting of bats in hibernacula is one of the main methods of estimating their population trends in Europe. However, it is not always possible for humans to identify and count all bats in the maze of big karstic caves or abandoned mines. Previously we notice a significant fluctuation in the numbers of bat species and individuals in sandstone mines located in the Kharkiv region (NE Ukraine), and hypothesized that a significant undercount happened due to the hiding of bats in deep crevices of sandstone. Here using a camera trap placed inside a mine (September 17-19, 2017) we tested this hypothesis. Firstly we identified significant levels of bat flight activity where no roosting bats had been observed through conventional visual survey methods. The proportion of identified bats (Myotis group and Plecotus auritus) on footage was similar to that obtained by usual winter counts. Finally, we filmed and documented cases of crawling bats inside the deep crevices in the wall depths. We ventured to make an extrapolation of bat numbers in a mine on the basis of autumn-spring mist-netting data, and our evidence that they do hide in crevices. Our observations clearly demonstrate that hiding bat behaviour in mines might result in an underestimation of the real number of hibernating bats in sand-stone mines.
Comprehensive analysis of the role of interferon gamma-inducible protein 30 on immune infiltration and prognosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Wen Xin , Lei Lei , Wang Fan , Wang Yuan
Published: November 2023

Although the immune factor interferon gamma-inducible protein 30 (IFI30) has been linked to the growth and immune infiltration of various malignancies, its function and mechanism in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains unclear. We used several databases to detect and validate IFI30 expression in ccRCC and its connection to immune invasion. We found that IFI30 expression was higher in ccRCC tissues compared to normal tissues, and was strongly associated with tumor grade, T stage, and M stage. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that ccRCC cases with lower IFI30 expression levels had a higher OS rate than those with high IFI30 expression (P < 0.05). Additionally, we collected a total of 104 cases of ccRCC and adjacent tissues from the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University between January 2018 and January 2020 for immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis, along with their relevant clinicopathological data. The relationship between IFI30 and expression of CD3E, CD4, CD8A, interleukin 10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor beta (TGFB2) was examined using the ccRCC data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, with findings verified by IHC analysis using the collected cases. Statistical analysis performed with SPSS found the positive correlation between the expression of CD3E, CD4, CD8A and IL-10 and the IFI30 expression, and negative correlation of TGFB2 expression with the IFI30 expression in ccRCC. Concurrently, a notable association was observed between high IFI30 expression and immune cell infiltration in ccRCC. High IFI30 expression is connected to the ccRCC's poor prognosis with the infiltration of immune cell. These findings suggest that high IFI30 expression could serve as a marker of poor prognosis and be associated with immune cell infiltration in ccRCC.
Human Placenta Tissue Collection and Preservation Methods - UCSD Female Reproductive TMC v1
Authors: Stanley Valentina , Lindsay-Hewett Scott , P. Pizzo Donald , Laurent Louise , Parast Mana
Published: November 2023

Human Placenta Tissue collection and storage protocol for HuBMAP's UCSD Female Reproductive TMC.
Analysis of Determining the Level of Feasibility of Cakalang Fishing Potential Zones (ZPPI) in Barru Waters, Makassar Strait
Authors: Andi Irmah Andi Irmah Rahmayani , Mukti Zainuddin  , Alfa Nelwan
Published: November 2023

This research aims to analyze the oceanographic conditions of catches in Barru waters, as well as analyze the feasibility of ZPPI Cakalang based on image data in Barru waters. The research was carried out in September 2022 – June 2023 using a survey method by collecting two types of datasets, both primary and secondary. The data analysis used in this research is GAM (Generalized Additive Model), PHI (Pelagic Habitat Index), and Cohen's Kappa. The research results show that the oceanographic parameters that have a positive effect on skipjack tuna are chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), salinity, and current speed, with an R2 (adj) value of 0.211, which means the presentation of the influence of the dependent variable (chlorophyll-a, salinity, and speed). current) on the independent variable (catch of skipjack tuna) was 24.8% and the rest was influenced by other factors. Mapping the ZPPI of skipjack tuna based on the PHI value, it was found that the red color on the map was considered to be the area that best suited the environmental preferences of skipjack tuna so it was indicated as a potential area. PHI during September – June 2023 in the range 0.06 – 1.00. As for the feasibility of the ZPPI, which is measured based on the size of the fish, and the coordinate point which is right in the ZPPI, shows a value of 0.422 (good) because the k value>0.4 means that the reliability of the agriment between the two measurements is good, so the ZPPI of skipjack tuna can be said to be suitable for fishing.