bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Memory, mood and associated neuroanatomy in individuals with steroid sulphatase deficiency (X‐linked ichthyosis)
Authors: Wren Georgina H. , Flanagan Jessica , Underwood Jack F. G. , Thompson Andrew R. , Humby Trevor , Davies William
Published: May 2024

Steroid sulphatase (STS) cleaves sulphate groups from steroid hormones, and steroid (sulphate) levels correlate with mood and age‐related cognitive decline. In animals, STS inhibition or deletion of the associated gene, enhances memory/neuroprotection and alters hippocampal neurochemistry. Little is known about the consequences of constitutive STS deficiency on memory‐related processes in humans. We investigated self‐reported memory performance (Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire), word‐picture recall and recent mood (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, K10) in adult males with STS deficiency diagnosed with the dermatological condition X‐linked ichthyosis (XLI; n = 41) and in adult female carriers of XLI‐associated genetic variants (n = 79); we compared results to those obtained from matched control subjects [diagnosed with ichthyosis vulgaris (IV, n = 98) or recruited from the general population (n = 250)]. Using the UK Biobank, we compared mood/memory‐related neuroanatomy in carriers of genetic deletions encompassing STS (n = 28) and non‐carriers (n = 34,522). We found poorer word‐picture recall and lower perceived memory abilities in males with XLI and female carriers compared with control groups. XLI‐associated variant carriers and individuals with IV reported more adverse mood symptoms, reduced memory contentment and greater use of memory aids, compared with general population controls. Mood and memory findings appeared largely independent. Neuroanatomical analysis only indicated a nominally‐significantly larger molecular layer in the right hippocampal body of deletion carriers relative to non‐carriers. In humans, constitutive STS deficiency appears associated with mood‐independent impairments in memory but not with large effects on underlying brain structure; the mediating psychobiological mechanisms might be explored further in individuals with XLI and in new mammalian models lacking STS developmentally.
Monitoring anti‐Xa levels in elderly medical patients undergoing thromboprophylaxis: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Papazachariou Andria , Papadakis John A , Malikides Vironas , Nikiforou Antigoni , Alexiadou Dimitra , Malikides Onoufrios , Ioannou Petros , Ximeri Maria , Kofteridis Diamantis P.
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Given the rising incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and insufficient thromboprophylaxis dosing evidence in certain patients, the precise monitoring of anti‐Xa (aFXa) levels is crucial. The aim of this study is to investigate the achievement of prophylactic aFXa levels in medical inpatients who were receiving parenteral anticoagulant and to evaluate the impact of various factors on aFXa levels.

Methods

This is a single‐center observational cohort study conducted on patients admitted to the Department of Internal Medicine at the University Hospital of Heraklion, Greece, from March to August 2023. These individuals received low‐molecular‐weight heparins thromboprophylaxis owing to an increased risk of VTE. Data regarding demographics, past medical history, and somatometric and laboratory findings were recorded. The established range for peak prophylactic aFXa levels was defined as 0.2–0.5 IU/mL.

Results

In this study, we enrolled 150 individuals [91 (60.7%) women] with a mean age of 80.0 ± 14.1 years. Sixty‐two (41.4%) patients exhibited non‐prophylactic peak aFXa levels. Supratherapeutic levels were observed in all underweight patients and subtherapeutic levels in 12 of 13 obese patients in class II and III. A multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that body weight, cancer, and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) were independent factors influencing aFXa levels.

Conclusions

Our study reveals a substantial portion of medical elderly inpatients on thromboprophylaxis with non‐prophylactic aFXa levels, with a notable prevalence among underweight and severely obese patients. Body weight, cancer, and CCI were identified as independent factors influencing aFXa levels, advocating for tailored thromboprophylaxis strategies. Further research is warranted to validate personalized dosing approaches and to enhance clinical decision‐making. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 587–594.
Evaluation of the Oral Hygiene Ability Instrument (OHAI): Test of reliability
Authors: Grönbeck Lindén Ingela , Andersson Pia , Dahlin Ivanoff Synneve , Gahnberg Lars , Hägglin Catharina
Published: May 2024

Objectives

To evaluate the reliability of the new Oral Hygiene Ability Instrument (OHAI) developed to assess the cause of any inability for older adults to manage oral hygiene self‐care. Oral hygiene is an important part of oral health. The inability to manage oral hygiene, combined with other risk factors, often results in poor oral health and impaired quality of life. A reliable OHAI could benefit preventive oral health care.

Methods

The preliminary OHAI uses 33 items in three parts: (I) interview, (II) clinical examination and (III) observation of oral hygiene activities. A total of 37 older adults participated in a test‐retest study of Part I. Inclusion criteria were age ≥ 65 years, have at least one tooth and be able to oral hygiene self‐care. The intra‐ and inter‐rater reliability of parts II and III used films and photographs of OHAI assessments of 15 different individuals. These films/photographs were assessed twice by four dental professionals who had participated in the OHAI data collection. For statistical analyses of the reliability, per cent agreement, Krippendorff's alpha and E. Svensson's method were used.

Results

The test‐retest for Part I items showed acceptable‐to‐good agreement and no systematic disagreement. In Part II, two items showed somewhat limited reliability. Part III showed good intra‐ and inter‐rater reliability.

Conclusion

The OHAI items seem stable and reliable for the intended sample, and the instrument may be a valuable tool to identify older adults at risk of impaired oral health. However, two items may need to be reformulated.
Effect of irradiation intensity on the rate of photocatalysis of TiO2 coatings obtained by detonation spraying
Authors: Sirota V. V. , Savotchenko S. E. , Strokova V. V. , Vashchilin V. S. , Podgornyi D. S. , Limarenko M. V. , Kovaleva M. G.
Published: May 2024

The influence of UV irradiation intensity on the rate constant of photocatalytic reaction of TiO2 coatings applied by detonation spraying on the hot‐rolled carbon steel and glass‐cloth‐base laminate (plastic) is studied. The effect of substrate material on the studied phenomenon is pronounced. The kinetic curves at different UV irradiation intensities and the rate constants of the photocatalytic reaction are obtained for different values of energy flux density varied from 3.0 to 8.0 mW/m2. The photocatalytic rate constant of coatings placed on plastic increases with an increase in the energy flux density from.038 to.055 1/h. Samples applied at a spray distance of 50 mm are characterized by a higher the photocatalytic rate constant than those applied at a distance of 40 mm. The value of photocatalytic rate constant does not change starting from a certain flow value for such samples and reaches the saturation value of about.054 1/h. Saturation is achieved quite quickly already at a density flux of about 5.5 mW/m2. Two new phenomenological models based on differential equation, the analytical solutions to which sufficiently describe experimental dependence of the photocatalytic rate constant on the energy flux density, are proposed.
Highly crystalline yttria‐stabilized zirconia and titania thin films on plastic substrates via sol‐gel transfer process
Authors: Kozuka Hiromitsu , Yamada Takehito , Okuda Ryota , Hirakoso Hideyuki
Published: May 2024

We prepared yttria‐stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and titania crystalline thin films on polycarbonate (PC) substrates by the sol‐gel transfer technique that we have developed recently. Precursor gel films were deposited by spin‐coating on a polyimide/polyvinylpyrrolidone mixture layer on Si(100) substrates, and then were calcined at 600°C. The spin‐coating and the calcination were cycled, followed by final firing at 600–1000°C, to obtain 140–190 nm thick, YSZ and titania crystalline thin films. The film densification progressed as the final firing temperature increased, where the porosity calculated from the refractive index decreased down to a few percent. The film thus obtained was heated at 190°C on a hot plate, and a PC substrate was pressed on the film to transfer it to the PC substrate. The transferability quantified by image analysis of the film area was found to be significantly different between the YSZ and titania films. In the case of YSZ films, the area of silicon that was fractured and adhered to the transferred film increased significantly with increasing firing temperature, leading to a decrease down to 0% in the fraction of the successful transfer area without such a damage. On the other hand, the fraction of the successful transfer area remained around 90% irrespective of the firing temperature for the titania films. The surface of the titania films that were fired at 800–1000°C and transferred to PC substrates had voids of several tens nm scale, which may have been formed during anatase‐to‐rutile phase transformation. We thought that the reduced titania/Si(100) contact area due to such void formation facilitated the delamination of the titania films from Si(100) substrates. High temperature firing, which promotes crystallization and densification of films, thus affects differently the film transferability to plastic substrates, depending on the type of films. The work also suggested possible use of titania films as release‐assisting layers.
Accelerating B‐site cation ordering‐disordering transition and improving dielectric properties of Ba(Co,Zn)1/3Nb2/3O3 complex perovskite microwave ceramics by CuO doping
Authors: Li Hao , Liu Fei , Chang Kuan‐Chang , Lin Xinnan , Liu Shaojun
Published: May 2024

The B‐site cation ordering‐disordering transition process of complex perovskite Ba(B′1/3B″2/3)O3‐based microwave ceramics can be directly promoted by accelerating the mass transport process rather than depending on long‐time annealing treatment. Clear evidences suggest that CuO doping is helpful in enhancing the densification process of Ba(Co0.7Zn0.3)1/3Nb2/3O3 (BCZN) ceramics and promoting the growth and coarsening of the ordering domain, facilitated by the formation of quasi‐liquid CuO‐xCu2O layers. The improvement of the 1:2 ordering degree is attributed to the accelerated mass transport process enabled by quasi‐liquid CuO‐xCu2O layers rather than long‐time annealing treatment. Consequently, the Q×f values experience a significant increase from 21,200 to 69,300 GHz, owing to enhancements in the relative density and 1:2 ordering degree. CuO‐doped BCZN ceramics achieve high 1:2 ordering degree and Q×f values at relatively low temperatures and for short periods of time, and more importantly, it circumvents conventional lengthy annealing processes (>30 h) effectively to promote its ordering transition. These findings underscore the potential of accelerating mass transport process to promote ordering‐disordering phase transitions and improving dielectric properties of complex perovskite Ba(B′1/3B″2/3)O3‐based microwave ceramics.
Experiments in supply chain management research: A systematic review and future directions
Authors: Carter Craig R. , Rockwood Renae F. , Patel Pankaj C. , Bachrach Daniel , Bendoly Elliot , DuHadway Scott , Kaufmann Lutz
Published: May 2024

The supply chain management discipline has seen a tremendous growth in the use of experimental methods. Given the large number of published studies, the time seems opportune to systematically review the use of such approaches. In this note, we consider multiple dimensions of experimental design used in articles published in six of our premier journals. We present these findings and contemplate opportunities for future applications of experimental methods. In particular, we highlight a need to more regularly conduct and report on the results of power analyses and experimental checks, more carefully contemplate the justification and use of WEIRD (Western, educated, industrial, rich, and democratic) participants, develop and test mediated theoretical models, and increase our focus on teams as the unit of analysis when using experimental methods.
Platelets as an inter‐player between hyperlipidaemia and atherosclerosis
Authors: Li Nailin
Published: May 2024

Platelet hyperreactivity and hyperlipidaemia contribute significantly to atherosclerosis. Thus, it is desirable to review the platelet–hyperlipidaemia interplay and its impact on atherogenesis. Native low‐density lipoprotein (nLDL) and oxidized LDL (oxLDL) are the key proatherosclerotic components of hyperlipidaemia. nLDL binds to the platelet‐specific LDL receptor (LDLR) ApoE‐R2′, whereas oxLDL binds to the platelet‐expressed scavenger receptor CD36, lectin‐type oxidized LDLR 1 and scavenger receptor class A 1. Ligation of nLDL/oxLDL induces mild platelet activation and may prime platelets for other platelet agonists. Platelets, in turn, can modulate lipoprotein metabolisms. Platelets contribute to LDL oxidation by enhancing the production of reactive oxygen species and LDLR degradation via proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 release. Platelet‐released platelet factor 4 and transforming growth factor β modulate LDL uptake and foam cell formation. Thus, platelet dysfunction and hyperlipidaemia work in concert to aggravate atherogenesis. Hypolipidemic drugs modulate platelet function, whereas antiplatelet drugs influence lipid metabolism. The research prospects of the platelet–hyperlipidaemia interplay in atherosclerosis are also discussed.
Feeding behaviour related to different feeding devices
Authors: Greppi Martina , Bordin Clara , Raspa Federica , Maccone Erica , Harris Patricia , Ellis Andrea Dorothea , Cavallini Damiano , Bergero Domenico , Valle Emanuela
Published: May 2024

Slow feeding devices (SFDs) are useful tools in order to improve the horse well‐being and to reduce wastage, but their use may result in unnatural posture during feeding and frustration behaviours. Moreover, it may be important to evaluate the laterality during feeding. The aim of the study was to investigate ponies' feeding behaviour (i.e., lateralisation, frustration, postural eating style) with different hay feeding methods: on the ground (G), a fully filled hay net (HF), a partially filled hay net (HL), and a slow feeder hay box (HB). Nine ponies of two different breed types (Shetland and Welsh/Cob) were evaluated. Video recordings were obtained and then behavioural analysis was conducted. Data were analysed statistically using k‐means cluster analysis, repeated measurement mixed model procedure, principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Head tilting was more often performed during feeding from HF and HL compared to G and HB. Forelimb forward, referring to the position that ponies assumed during feeding, was performed less frequently with the hay nets. Ponies, in particular Welsh/Cobs, tended to be more left‐lateralized and performed more backward ears when feeding from the hay nets. Blink rate was observed to be greater when ponies were fed from G. No head pushing, striking with forelimb and pawing while feeding was seen. Animals fed from HF tended to eat from the top of the hay net and consequently showed an arched neck; while HL and HB showed for elongated neck an intermediate pattern between G and HF. From our results, HB seemed to be a useful compromise between natural feeding on the ground and the use of hay nets.
Intergeneric hybrid origin of the invasive tetraploid Cirsium vulgare
Authors: Bureš P. , Del Guacchio E. , Šmerda J. , Özcan M. , Blizňáková P. , Vavrinec M. , Michálková E. , Veselý P. , Veselá K. , Zedek F.
Published: May 2024

The invasive tetraploid Cirsium vulgare hybridizes with both Cirsium and Lophiolepis. Its conflicted position in molecular phylogenies, and its peculiar combination of morphological, anatomical, and genomic features that are alternatively shared with representatives of Cirsium or Lophiolepis, strongly suggest its intergeneric hybrid origin.

Genetic relationships of C. vulgare (8 samples) with genus Lophiolepis (11 species) and other representatives of genus Cirsium (12 species) were evaluated using restriction site‐associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) and examined using analytical and imaging approaches, such as NeighborNet, Heatmap, and STRUCTURE, to identify nuclear genomes admixture. Estimation of the intensity of spontaneous hybridization within and between Cirsium and Lophiolepis was based on herbarium revisions and published data for all reported hybrids pertinent to taxa currently included in Cirsium or Lophiolepis.

The genome of any examined Cirsium species is more similar to C. vulgare than to any Lophiolepis species, and vice versa. The nuclear genome of the tetraploid C. vulgare is composed of two equivalent parts, each attributable either to Lophiolepis or to Cirsium; the organellar RADseq data clustered C. vulgare with the genus Cirsium. Spontaneous hybridization between Cirsium and Lophiolepis is significantly less intensive than within these genera.

Our analyses provide compelling evidence that the invasive species C. vulgare has an allotetraploid intergeneric origin, with the maternal parent from Cirsium and the paternal from Lophiolepis. For the purpose of delimiting monophyletic genera, we propose keeping Lophiolepis separate from Cirsium and segregating C. vulgare into the hybridogenous genus Ascalea.
An Analysis of Holistic Education Models in Mainland China’s Higher Education Institutions: A Case Study of College English Curriculum
Authors: Cao Yilin , Li Shangrong , Shen Beifei
Published: May 2024

Over the last four decades, the field of education in mainland China has seen sustained and stable growth. However, the very essence of education has undergone significant changes. In the era spanning from the 1980s to the mid-1990s, the primary aim of education was to serve economic construction and modern development, with a clear emphasis on utilitarian and instrumental characteristics. By the late 1990s, there was a shift towards advocating for quality education that prioritizes the comprehensive development of individuals, gradually embracing the concept of holistic education across the Chinese mainland. College English courses, mandatory for all non-English major undergraduates at Chinese universities, stand as a pivotal component of general education. Amidst the extensive backdrop of educational reform and development in mainland China, college English curriculum have experienced profound changes. The “College English Curriculum Guidelines (2020)” recently released by the Ministry of Education highlights that college English courses possess both instrumental and humanistic dimensions. The instrumental aspect is demonstrated through enhancing students’ comprehensive abilities in listening, speaking, reading, writing, and translating English, while its humanistic core is rooted in a people-oriented approach that celebrates human values and emphasizes the cultivation of comprehensive qualities and overall development. This paper aims to explore the practical model of implementing holistic education within college English curriculum, adhering to the specific requirements of the 2020 guidelines, across four dimensions: curriculum system, instructional approaches, educational resources, and faculty strength.
Loss of anoctamin 1 reveals a subtle role for BK channels in lymphatic muscle action potentials
Authors: Harlow Rebecca C. , Pea Grace A. , Broyhill Sarah E. , Patro Advaya , Bromert Karen H. , Stewart Randolph H. , Heaps Cristine L. , Castorena‐Gonzalez Jorge A. , Dongaonkar Ranjeet M. , Zawieja Scott D.
Published: May 2024

Ca2+ signalling plays a crucial role in determining lymphatic muscle cell excitability and contractility through its interaction with the Ca2+‐activated Cl− channel anoctamin 1 (ANO1). In contrast, the large‐conductance (BK) Ca2+‐activated K+ channel (KCa) and other KCa channels have prominent vasodilatory actions by hyperpolarizing vascular smooth muscle cells. Here, we assessed the expression and contribution of the KCa family to mouse and rat lymphatic collecting vessel contractile function. The BK channel was the only KCa channel consistently expressed in fluorescence‐activated cell sorting‐purified mouse lymphatic muscle cell lymphatic muscle cells. We used a pharmacological inhibitor of BK channels, iberiotoxin, and small‐conductance Ca2+‐activated K+ channels, apamin, to inhibit KCa channels acutely in ex vivo isobaric myography experiments and intracellular membrane potential recordings. In basal conditions, BK channel inhibition had little to no effect on either mouse inguinal–axillary lymphatic vessel (MIALV) or rat mesenteric lymphatic vessel contractions or action potentials (APs). We also tested BK channel inhibition under loss of ANO1 either by genetic ablation (Myh11CreERT2‐Ano1 fl/fl, Ano1ismKO) or by pharmacological inhibition with Ani9. In both Ano1ismKO MIALVs and Ani9‐pretreated MIALVs, inhibition of BK channels increased contraction amplitude, increased peak AP and broadened the peak of the AP spike. In rat mesenteric lymphatic vessels, BK channel inhibition also abolished the characteristic post‐spike notch, which was exaggerated with ANO1 inhibition, and significantly increased the peak potential and broadened the AP spike. We conclude that BK channels are present and functional on mouse and rat lymphatic muscle cells but are otherwise masked by the dominance of ANO1.

image

Key points

Mouse and rat lymphatic muscle cells express functional BK channels.

BK channels make little contribution to either rat or mouse lymphatic collecting vessel contractile function in basal conditions across a physiological pressure range.

ANO1 limits the peak membrane potential achieved in the action potential and sets a plateau potential limiting the voltage‐dependent activation of BK.

BK channels are activated when ANO1 is absent or blocked and slightly impair contractile strength by reducing the peak membrane potential achieved in the action potential spike and accelerating the post‐spike repolarization.
Hope
Authors: Longmuir Katriona , Park Julie , Fitzgerald Ruth , Legge Michael , Shore Cris
Published: May 2024

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a life-shortening genetic condition involving progressive muscular wasting for which there is no hope of recovery at present. The lives of people with DMD, cherished by their families, are systematically marginalised and undervalued by healthcare bureaucracies while enrolment in clinical trials of new treatments offers possibilities of longer-term biomedical solutions. How is hope preserved under such circumstances and what activities can promote a full and meaningful life for those with DMD Ethnographic research within the DMD community in Aotearoa New Zealand provided a basis for addressing these questions and for understanding different concepts of hope and social suffering, the value of life in DMD and disability studies, and how these are shaped by regimes of governmentality.
Dressed to Kill
Authors: Correll Trnka Revena
Published: May 2024

Recent trends in contemporary horror TV present queer women as Western media’s latest anti-hero, foregrounding presentations of hyper-femininity as central to queer women’s violence. I examine how representations of ‘violent lesbians’ are used by viewers to aid in shaping and understanding their own identities. Drawing on fashion theory as well as Barbara Creed’s concept of the ‘monstrous feminine’ to examine the role depictions of hyper-femininity play in both highlighting and undermining women’s power, I present a textual analysis of two queer horror shows – Ratched (2020–) and Killing Eve (2018–2022) – alongside discussions with fans via focus groups and interviews. I examine how these shows represent queerness and femininity in relation to violent women, and how women and non-binary individuals collectively create meaning out of these representations. I argue that while these shows present viewers with alternative images of femininity, they also reinforce certain gender norms, supporting dominant power structures that present a restrained image of queer women’s deviancy, and one that is not available to all bodies. Viewers critically engage with this material, utilising these shows to expand their own understandings and expressions of identity, while also challenging the shows’ limitations.
Operations In Critical Waiting Processes
Authors: Avila Castellanos Duzán D.
Published: May 2024

This paper offers an alternative approach to the essential matter of the factors involved in the process of waiting, especially in critical contexts such as civil emergencies. Some categories for the analysis of waiting are developed here, taking an alternative theoretical perspective, where waiting processes are conceived of as operational and institutionalised in nature, rather than mere temporal phenomena. Importantly, this paper contributes to research in the field of anthropology studying processes of waiting, as it presents a unique perspective of analysis. This perspective shifts the focus of these processes from temporalities to institutions and highlights the essential importance of operations in their analysis. In order to exemplify the proposed perspective, empirical waiting processes in crisis will be analysed. These examples of critical waiting have been selected with consideration to their historical, political or social  impact. The demand for operational behaviour among the people waiting has also been considered in these examples. These processes will be analysed using categories established from an institutional and operational approach based on the materialistic philosophical approach of the Spanish philosopher Gustavo Bueno Martinez, sometimes called Discontinuous Materialism.
Associação entre desempenho funcional de crianças com paralisia cerebral e tempo de espera pela provisão de órteses em serviço de reabilitação
Authors: Costa Kyara Gioordane dos Santos , Silva e Dutra Fabiana Caetano Martins , Moraes Sávio da Silva , Aramaki Alberto Luiz , Amaral Maíra Ferreira do , Cavalcanti Alessandra
Published: May 2024

Children with cerebral palsy usually need orthoses in their thumbs for manual functions. Objective: Analyzing the association between the waiting time for receiving a thumb orthosis, the manual ability, and the difficulty in performing daily tasks of children with cerebral palsy. Method: Mixed-methods study, with a retrospective cohort and cross-sectional evaluation of children with cerebral palsy and the indication and confection of thumb orthoses. Data collection included socioeconomic information, waiting time for the orthoses, and assessments of the difficulty to carry out daily activities and of manual functioning according to the Manual Ability Classification System (MACS). Descriptive analysis, Spearman’s coefficient and the Kruskal-Wallis test were calculated in the IBM software SPSS®. Results: 17 children and their parents/guardians were evaluated. Most were male (76.5%) with hemiplegic cerebral palsy (52.9%). Their mean time waiting for the orthosis was 34.12 days (SD= 39.01). Children with a more severe motor impairment (p= 0.038) or worse manual abilities (p= 0.012) waited to receive the orthosis for a shorter period. There was no statistical difference between the waiting time for the orthosis and the difficulty to perform daily tasks. Conclusion: The correlation between manual ability and the waiting time reiterates the importance of functional evaluations to prioritize the concession of Assistive Technology devices in public rehabilitation services, focusing the care on the more specific needs of each child.
Comparação das respostas neuromusculares e bioquímicas entre pacientes com DPOC e indivíduos saudáveis
Authors: Queiroz Natércia Ferreira de , Vieira Rudolfo Hummel Gurgel , Vieira Wouber Hérickson de Brito , Araujo Zênia Trindade de Souto , Souza Gerson Fonseca de , Nogueira Ivan Daniel Bezerra , Lemos Telma Maria Araújo Moura , Nogueira Patrícia Angélica de Miranda Silva
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: Comparar as respostas neuromusculares e bioquímicas do dano e fadiga muscular do quadríceps femoral entre indivíduos com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC) e saudáveis. Métodos: Estudo observacional, transversal e comparativo. A amostra foi composta por 18 indivíduos alocados em dois grupos distintos: Grupo DPOC (GD) e grupo saudáveis (GS), os quais foram avaliados por meio da espirometria, do desempenho neuromuscular do quadríceps, dos marcadores bioquímicos do dano e fadiga muscular, da fatigabilidade e da dor muscular. Resultados: Observou-se diferença estatisticamente significante na potência média entre o GD e GS (99,9 ± 21,0 vs 145,1 ± 51,5, respectivamente; p= 0,02) e uma tendência das médias de pico de torque (85,7 ± 24,4 vs 104,4 ± 31,0; p= 0,45) e trabalho total (1.305,5 ± 329,9 vs 1.671,5 ± 444,5; p= 0,06) serem menores no GD que no GS, respectivamente. A concentração da LDH imediatamente após o teste isocinético foi significantemente maior no GD que no GS (402,3 ± 33,6 vs 289,4 ± 33,6, respectivamente; p= 0,03). Conclusões: O presente estudo mostrou que pacientes com DPOC tem redução da capacidade de gerar força em um determinado período de tempo quando comparado a indivíduos saudáveis. A dosagem plasmática dos marcadores bioquímicos não permitiu confirmar que os pacientes com DPOC tem maior nível de dano muscular quando realizam exercício que os controles saudáveis.
Association between walking speed reserve and fear of falling in stroke survivors
Authors: Costa Pollyana Helena Vieira , Jesus Thainá Paula Dias de , Torriani-Pasin Camila , Polese Janaine Cunha
Published: May 2024

Objective: Stroke survivors may have residual mobility impairments and an inability to improve walking speed in daily life and can result in falls, one of the most common complications after a stroke. The ability to improve walking speed is determined by the difference between the fast and self-selected walking speed, the walking speed reserve (WRS). So, the objective is to investigate the relationship between the WRS capacity and the fear of falling in stroke survivors. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with fifty five stroke survivors. The WRS was determined by the 10 meter walk test (10MWT, in m/s), and the fear of falling was assessed by Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I in points). Pearson’s correlation was used to investigate the association between the WRS and fear of falling. Results: 54.5% were male, with a mean age of 62.5 (SD 14.9) years and 41% were community walkers (≥0.8m/s). The WRS was 0.17±0.17m/s, and the mean FES-I score was 31.79±9.88. A negative and statistically significant association was found, with a reasonable magnitude between the WSR and the FES-I score (r= -0.38; p= 0.005). Conclusion: Stroke survivors who have greater WSR capacity, have a lower score on the FES-i scale, indicating less fear of falling.
e-Seating - Aplicativo para apoiar o processo de avaliação e prescrição de cadeira de rodas e dispositivos de adequação postural: avaliação da experiência do usuário
Authors: Klein Adriana Nathalie , Gradim Luma Carolina Câmara , Santana André Luiz Maciel , Moreira Ana Lídia Corrêa da Silva , Ficheman Irene Karaguilla , Lopes Roseli de Deus
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar a usabilidade do aplicativo e-Seating no estado de MVP, levando em consideração a experiência dos prescritores na prática clínica. Métodos: Foi utilizada a Design-Based Research (DBR) e a metodologia ágil Scrum com abordagem de desenvolvimento iterativo para aperfeiçoamento do e-Seating, considerando as avaliações dos usuários por um questionário de Experiência do Usuário - UEQ (sigla para User Experience Questionnaire) baseado em Schrepp, Hinderks e Thomaschewski. Foram realizados 3 testes com 17 profissionais prescritores de cadeira de rodas, sendo divididos para teste 1 com 6 profissionais, teste 2 com 5 e teste 3 com 6 profissionais. Os dados foram analisados por teste estatístico (teste t) e ferramenta de análise do UEQ. Resultados: Com a avaliação de experiência do usuário e aperfeiçoamento constante do e-Seating com base nas avaliações, conclui-se que o e-Seating teve maior aceitabilidade pelos prescritores que trabalham em locais privados e com profissionais autônomos do que com profissionais que atuam no setor público. Conclusão: O uso do App pode apoiar os profissionais de reabilitação no processo de prescrição de cadeira de rodas, ajudando a sistematizar e integrar as informações em toda jornada do paciente.
Aplicação das regras de vinculação da Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde com a Avaliação Geriátrica Ampla
Authors: Santos Diana Oliveira Noronha dos , Santos Kionna Oliveira Bernardes , Barreto Marina Carvalho Arruda , Castaneda Luciana , Miranda José Garcia Vivas , Luz-Santos Cleber
Published: May 2024

Objective: Linking the content of the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) of a reference center for the health of the elderly with the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and present its Basic Set of ICF codes. Method: The AGA were linked to the ICF by two specialists, trained according to the established linking rules. Agreement between the health professionals was determined based on Cohen's kappa index. Results: The agreement between the two health professionals was considered perfect for each ICF domain (k= 0.91; p<0.00; agreement= 93.32%). The AGA contained 419 items, 106 of which could not be linked to the ICF, as they were associated with health conditions or did not fit into any category. It was found that 313 were linked to the ICF domains and that 181 (60.13%) were related to body functions, 18 (5.98%) to body structures, 73 (24.258%) to activity and participation, 30 (9.97%) to environmental factors and 11 (3.51%) to personal factors. Conclusions: The ICF can be inserted in specific contexts of health services, making it feasible to link the ICF with forms prepared by the health services themselves. The correspondence between a geriatric assessment instrument and the ICF enhances case discussions, therapeutic plans and continued care. The dynamics of the care process standardized by the ICF can facilitate the expansion of care and the establishment of therapeutic goals that go beyond the context of the service and reach the family and social sphere.
Analysis and correlation of the Six-Minute Walk Test and Two-Minute Step Test in an elderly population participating in a cardiac rehabilitation program
Authors: Campos Felipe Cassiano de , Groehs Raphaela Vilar , Carvalho Ana Carla , Gaspar Alexandra Passos , Matos Luciana Diniz Nagem Janot
Published: May 2024

The six-minute walk test (6MWT) and two-minute step test (2MST) are submaximal tests widely used in the elderly population functional capacity evaluation. Objective: To investigate whether the cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program was able to promote an increase in these tests and if there was an association between them; and to compare the hemodynamic stress caused by each of the tests. Methods: Retrospective, observational study in elderly participants in CR program. 24 elderly people were evaluated and classified according to the Fried frailty phenotype. The 6MWT and the 2MST were applied, observing the mean distance walked and the number of steps performed, respectively, as well as the double cardiac product (DP) at the beginning and after 4 months of the CR program. Results: There was an increase of 57 meters in the mean distance covered by the 6MWT (364.31±108.01 vs. 421.65±108.73, P<0.001) and 14 steps performed in the 2MST (62.17±22.50 vs. 76.17±25.56, P= 0.011) after 4 months of CR and we found a significant correlation between the tests and their results (P <0.001). When comparing the DP, both tests had a significant reduction (14469.92±2497.91 vs. 13348.21±2839.36, P= 0.022 and 15744.17±3591.87 vs. 13222.29±2505.39, P<0.001; respectively). Conclusion: A relationship between the number of steps performed in the 2MST with the mean distance covered of 6MWT suggest the use of them as an effective indicator in CR program and the association between them offers greater possibilities for treatment and evaluation of an elderly population.
Resultados da imaginação motora no fortalecimento muscular em membro inferior de uma pessoa com sequela pós acidente vascular cerebral: estudo de caso
Authors: Mota Cristiane Gonçalves , De Castro Leite Erica , Martins Fernanda Maria , Sugawara Andre Tadeu
Published: May 2024

Motor Imagination (MI) is the mental representation of a motor act without the actual execution of the movement. It activates the same brain areas as real movement, even in the presence of paralysis, missing limb or vision, and can be used in the process of conserving and stimulating brain engrams in the process of motor recovery of a paralyzed limb. Method: We report a 34-year-old patient with right hemiplegia due to ischemic stroke. He performed exercises with a Physical Educator professional, twice a week, 50 minutes/session, for 19 weeks, in addition to the conventional multidisciplinary rehabilitation program. The intervention was based on MI for flexion and extension of the knee on the paralyzed side, followed by the attempt of the same active movement. Results: Active range of motion (ROM_A) of the right knee flexors started at 217° with the minimum equipment load (11 lbs). Then, the professional asked the patient to imagine that he was performing the movement and then try to perform it. After 19 weeks, ROM_A was 112° Conclusion: The ROM_A gain of 8.48° for knee flexion of the paralyzed hemibody represents a clinically important minimal difference in post-stroke patients. MI increases the cognitive demand on the brain's motor networks, increasing plasticity, resulting in motor gains that impact the prognosis of capacity and functionality, justifying its use as a training method in post-stroke recovery. MI associated with strength training in rehabilitation contributes to the recovery of post stroke sequelae.
Spatial-temporal gait parameters based on a wearable inertial sensor of healthy Brazilian subjects
Authors: Santos Artur César Aquino dos , Fonseca Junior Paulo Roberto , Sousa Maria Helena Gomes de , Uchiyama Sabrina Saemy Tome , Simis Marcel , Battistella Linamara Rizzo
Published: May 2024

Gait analysis in a laboratory may be expensive, time-consuming, and restricted to a controlled environment. Validated wearable technology may be an alternative to such analysis. However, wearable technologies should demonstrate reference values of a healthy population. Objective: To establish spatio-temporal gait reference values of an accelerometer (G-Walk) in a healthy Brazilian population. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with 124 healthy subjects evaluated with G-Walk in the 6-minute and 10-meter walk tests (6MWT and 10MWT). Gait parameters of Velocity, Cadence, Distance, and gait symmetry variables were retrieved for analysis. Clinical and demographical characteristics were also collected and tested with simple linear regression as covariables of the gait characteristics. The bootstrapped 5th percentile of the gait parameter established the reference values. If a covariable influence was found, the reference values were established by subgroup analysis according to the covariable. Results: The study analyzed 114 subjects, mostly women (67.74%), aged 39.36 (SD 12.18). Height was a covariable of cadence for the 10MWT and cadence and stride length for the 6MWT. Age and sex combined were covariables of 6MWT velocity, and sex alone was a covariable of 6MWT. All reference values for symmetry were above 89%, velocity at the 10MWT was above 1.0m/s, and distance at the 6MWT was 354m and 359.5 for females and males, respectively. Conclusions: Our study generated reference values for spatio-temporal gait analysis with G-Walk of a population of a major urban area, considering the covariables of age, height, and sex.
The Controversy over the Law Schools (lā madhhabiyya) in Twentieth-Century Syria
Authors: Weismann Itzchak
Published: May 2024

The validity of the established schools of law (sing. madhhab) is a major bone of contention between contemporary Salafis and Traditionalists. The controversy reached its peak around 1970 in a famous exchange between Nāṣir al-Dīn al-Albānī, who called for direct reliance on authenticated hadith, and Muḥammad Saʽīd Ramaḍān al-Būṭī, who favored the jurists’ legal expertise. In this essay, I chart the course of the lā madhhabiyya debate in Syria by analyzing the polemical writings of three generations of Syrian ulama from 1870 to 1970. I argue that the seeds of the controversy were sown in the late Ottoman period in the Salafi challenge to taqlīd. I also uncover the central role of the Indian Ahl-i Hadith in mediating the anti-madhhabī position to the core Arab lands, and the part of Syrian Ḥanafī-Naqshbandī ʽulamāʼ in defending the madhhabs. Finally, I allude to the political split among the Traditionalist ʽulamāʼ between the Syrian Muslim Brotherhood and the Baʽth regime.
Squandering Marital Movables: On Family and Criminal Law in Egypt
Authors: Takemura Kazuaki
Published: May 2024

This essay focuses on the trousseau inventory (ayma) created by Egyptian Muslims at the time of marriage. Though not a legal requirement, creating the ayma is widespread as it proves the husband’s receipt of the wife’s property. After divorce, he must return the items listed in the inventory to her, and if he fails to do so, she may sue him for “squandering marital movables” (tabdīd manqūlāt zawjiyya), as stipulated in the Penal Code. In July 2022, when an Egyptian man posted a message suggesting that the ayma had been abolished, his post caused a huge outcry. In this essay, I address the social debate triggered by the post, introduce the case of an Egyptian woman who filed a tabdīd lawsuit to secure a divorce, and discuss judgments issued by the Court of Cassation on tabdīd cases. I argue that Egyptians use criminal law and courts to solve family disputes.
Modernization and Legal Reform: Muslim Minors and Freedom of Marriage in India
Authors: Iyengar Prashant
Published: May 2024

This article presents a regional study of the mechanics of modernization and liberalization of Muslim law in India. I explore these themes by focusing on how Indian courts, over nearly two centuries, interpreted the Islamic doctrine of khiyār al-bulūgh—the right of a minor to repudiate her marriage upon attaining majority. I also revisit the legislative debates that occurred during the codification of this doctrine into the Dissolution of Muslim Marriages Act, 1939. I identify two paradoxes from this history: first, that the liberalization of religious laws has been achieved at least as reliably and stably through judicial failures—errors, amnesia, indolence and ineptitude—as through deliberate legislative and judicial interventions; and second, that the recent overlaying of religious laws with “liberal-secular” laws in India has resulted in the consolidation and intensification of patriarchal authority over adolescent sexuality—an authority that had been scattered and loosely articulated under the regime of “purely religious” laws.
A Revisionist Account of the Campū
Authors: Ollett Andrew
Published: May 2024

The Sanskrit word campū is usually understood to refer to a literary composition that combines prose and verse. I argue that this sense of the word was not available before the tenth century CE, and the vast majority of compositions that have been called campūs, either in premodern commentaries or in modern scholarship, were not and could not have been so called by their authors. This is true of almost the entirety of so-called “campū literature” in Kannada. The reference to campū as “a particular type of composition consisting of prose and verse” in Daṇḍin’s Mirror of Literature (ca. 700 CE) was probably not a definition, despite the fact that it has almost-universally been taken as such by the tradition of Indian poetics and modern scholarship. I propose that the campū might have originated as a subliterary comic performance, and that Daṇḍin (unknowingly) and Trivikramabhaṭṭa (knowingly) helped to establish the now- familiar sense of the word.
A new cryptic species in Behria (Asparagaceae, Brodiaeoideae), from the Baja California peninsula, Mexico
Authors: GÁNDARA ETELVINA , ORTIZ-BRUNEL JUAN PABLO , GÓMEZ-HERNÁNDEZ MARKO , RUIZ-SANCHEZ EDUARDO
Published: May 2024

Behria is a genus of petaloid geophytes endemic to the Cape Region of Baja California Sur, Mexico. It belongs to the Milla clade within the subfamily Brodiaeoideae of the Asparagaceae family. Currently, Behria tenuiflora is the only recognized species within this genus. In our methodological approach, we considered two distinct floral morphotypes: Group A consists of populations found at lowland elevations (10–150 m), while Group B comprises plants growing at mid to high elevations (400–2060 m). The aim of our study was to investigate whether there are discernible morphological differences and correlations with climate variables between Behria Group A and Group B. To address this, we measured nine quantitative characters for 94 plants from seven populations of Behria tenuiflora. Our findings revealed statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) in pedicel length, perianth length, perianth base diameter, and perianth aperture diameter of the analyzed Behria groups. Based on these results, we propose the recognition of Behria leonis as a new species. Additionally, we provide a morphological key for distinguishing Behria and Bessera genera, along with illustrations, a distribution map, and photographs.
Hygrocybe pellucida—a new species of Hygrophoraceae from Kerala State, India
Authors: LATHA K. P. DEEPNA , HARIDEV P. , RAJ K. N. ANIL , MANIMOHAN PATINJAREVEETTIL
Published: May 2024

Hygrocybe pellucida sp. nov. is described from Kerala State, India based on both morphology and multigene phylogenetic analyses (nrITS, nrLSU). This species is characterized by small, viscid, translucent basidiocarps, a whitish to grayish pileus with reddish pellucid striations, dimorphic basidiospores and basidia, a sterile lamella edge with abundant pseudocystidia, an ixotrichoderm-type pileipellis and an ixocutis-type stipitipellis. A comprehensive species description along with photographs of both the basidiocarps and the microscopic features, line drawings of the microscopic structures, a comparison with morphologically similar and phylogenetically related species and phylogenetic trees inferring the placement of the new species within the section Velosae are provided.
Two new species of Lomandra (Asparagaceae: Lomandroideae) from north Queensland, Australia
Authors: WANG JIAN , GRAY BRUCE
Published: May 2024

Lomandra scabrifolia Jian Wang ter & B.Gray, sp. nov. and Lomandra tenuis Jian Wang ter & B.Gray, sp. nov. from north Queensland, Australia are described, illustrated and compared to the morphologically and phylogenetically closely related species. Notes are provided on their distributions including a map, habitat, phenology and affinities. Their conservation status is also assessed.
On eight species of Chrysillini from Xizang, China (Araneae: Salticidae: Salticinae)
Authors: YANG ZHIYONG , ZHANG JUNXIA
Published: May 2024

Six new species of Chrysillini are described from Xizang, China: Chrysilla yarlungzangbo sp. nov. (♂), Icius faker sp. nov. (♂♀), I. han sp. nov. (♂♀), I. kui sp. nov. (♂♀), I. kulakangri sp. nov. (♂♀), I. zhengi sp. nov. (♂♀). In addition, a new combination is proposed: Nandicius gyirongensis (Hu, 2001) comb. nov. (♂♀) (transferred from Psenuc Prószyński, 2016), and the males of this species are described for the first time. Siler niser Caleb, Parag & Datta-Roy, 2023 (♂♀) is newly recorded in China.