bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Metode Kanguru terhadap Peningkatan Berat Badan Pada Bayi BBLR
Authors: Siagian Yusnaini , Pujiati Wasis , Sinaga Martina Indah
Published: December 2021

ABSTRAK Kelahiran bayi prematur merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian terbesar saat ini. Tindakan perawatan bayi lahir dilakukan dengan menghangatkan tubuh bayi, secara konvensional menggunakan inkubator namun, teknologi inkubator relatif mahal. Perawatan Metode Kanguru (PMK) merupakan salah satu teknik perawatan yang efektif bagi bayi prematur. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode kanguru terhadap peningkatan berat badan pada bayi BBLR di RSUD Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Desain penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperimen dengan rancangan one group pretest posttest dengan sampel sebanyak 16 responden, pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposif sampling. Hasil didapatkan rata-rata berat badan bayi sebelum perawatan metode kanguru adalah 1718,88 gram, dan setelah dilakukan perawatan metode kanguru rata-rata berat badan bayi meningkat menjadi 1844,38 gram, dengan peningkatan berat badan sebanyak 125,5 gram dimana p value = 0.000 (α< 0.05 ). Terdapat pengaruh perawatan metode kanguru terhadap peningkatan berat badan bayi BBLR di RSUD Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Bagi ibu-ibu untuk melakukan perawatan metode kanguru secara rutin dan pemberian ASI yang cukup terhadap bayi BBLR. Kata kunci: metode kanguru; peningkatan berat badan; bayi BBLR ABSTRACTPremature birth is one of the biggest causes of death today. The act of caring for the newborn is carried out by warming the baby's body, conventionally using an incubator, however, incubator technology is relatively expensive. Kangaroo Treatment Method (PMK) is one of the effective treatment techniques for premature babies. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the kangaroo method on weight gain in LBW infants at the Riau Islands Province Hospital. The design of this research was a quasi-experimental design with one group pretest posttest with a sample of 16 respondents, sampling using purposive sampling technique. The results obtained that the average baby weight before the kangaroo method was 1718.88 grams, and after the kangaroo method treatment the average baby weight increased to 1844.38 grams, with an increase in body weight of 125.5 grams where p value = 0.000 (α< 0.05 ). There is an effect of kangaroo treatment method on increasing the weight of LBW babies in Riau Islands Provincial Hospital. For mothers to carry out routine kangaroo care and adequate breastfeeding for LBW babiesKeywords: kangaroo method; weight gain; LBW infant
Prenatal Gentle Yoga Pada Ibu Hamil terhadap Berat Badan Bayi Baru Lahir
Authors: Larasati Eggy Widya , Pramestiyani Mustika
Published: December 2021

ABSTRAKProses kehamilan merupakan masa perubahan pada wanita banyak menimbulkan stress, sehingga membutuhkan pelayanan antenatal yang berkesinambungan. Salah satu dari pelayanan antenatal yang diberikan adalah prenatal gentle yoga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan prenatal gentle yoga pada ibu hamil terhadap berat badan bayi baru lahir di Klinik RK. Jenis penelitian adalah kuantitatif dengan dessain quasi - eksperimen yang bersifat two group postest. Populasi penelitian adalah ibu hamil primigravida yang memeriksakan kehamilan trimester III,  melakukan prenatal gentle yoga dan  melahirkan pada bulan Mei-Juli 2021. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan sampel sebanyak 50 sampel (25 intervensi dan 25 kontrol). Uji statistik menggunakan spearman’s rho dan  mann whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan  ada hubungan antara prenatal gentle yoga dengan berat badan  lahir dengan  nilai p=0,004<α=0,05, nilai uji Mann Whitney perbedaan berat badan bayi baru lahir pada ibu yang  melakukan  prenatal gentle yoga dibandingkan yang tidak melakukan prenatal gentle yoga dengan nilai p=0,004<α=0,05 untuk berat badan lahir. Kata Kunci : ibu hamil; prenatal gentle yoga; berat badan lahir   ABSTRACT Pregnancy is a period of change in women causing a lot of stress, so it requires continuous antenatal care. One of the antenatal services provided is prenatal gentle yoga. This study aims to determine the relationship of prenatal gentle yoga in pregnant women to the weight of newborns at the RK Clinic. This type of research is quantitative with a quasi-experimental design that is a two group posttest. The study population was primigravida pregnant women who had their third trimester of pregnancy checked, did prenatal gentle yoga and gave birth in May-July 2021. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with a sample of 50 samples (25 interventions and 25 controls). Statistical test using spearman's rho and mann whitney. The results showed that there was a relationship between prenatal gentle yoga and birth weight with p value = 0.004 <α = 0.05, the value of the Mann Whitney test was the difference in the weight of newborns in mothers who did prenatal gentle yoga compared to those who did not do prenatal gentle yoga with p value = 0.004 < = 0.05 for birth weight. Keywords: pregnant women; prenatal gentle yoga; birth weight
THE FUTURE OF THE INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS IN THE UNITED STATES: CONSIDERATIONS ON THE CRITICAL QUESTION
Authors: Oreshkova Hristina
Published: December 2021

In the present article a subject matter that has attracted great interest over the recent decades is discussed. The critical question of the likelihood of adopting the International Financial Reporting Standards in the United States has raised a lot of debates around the world. The problem has been the focus of long-lasting and profound deliberations among both scientific and professional community.Our research found out that the strategic goal of reaching one single set of global accounting standards through the project of convergence developed by the most influential Boards in the world – the International Accounting Standards Board located in London with second headquarters in Tokyo, and the U.S. Financial Accounting Standards Board has not been achieved. It is appropriate to emphasize that the realisation of the convergence project began in 2002 as a result of the Norwalk agreement achieved in September 2002, Norwalk, Connecticut, USA. However, it is increasingly recognized that the era of convergence is coming to an end.Prominent scholars argue that the strategic goal turned out to be neither practical nor achievable in the foreseeable future. For the time being the authorized American institutions do not intend to fully adopt the International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the IASB into the U.S. financial reporting system. Moreover the authoritative organizations in the United States attempt to continue keeping in line with specifics of the U.S. business environment. It is assumed that the Securities and Exchange Commission will never perhaps risk causing a political storm by yielding the control on its accounting to an institution outside the USA.An essential reason that causes inconveniences in the implementation of the IASB’s accounting standards and the principles is that the accounting standards interact in different ways with national laws, social and ethic codes, domestic fiscal rules and guidelines, and that is unavoidable. However, in each state and jurisdiction the interaction has its essentials and specifics. Complications may arise out of the local tradition, culture and historical continuity in performing accounting as a practice as well as by the legal doctrine and the degree of their interrelation. No less important are the essence and peculiarities of the national legal and accounting system, the extent of cultural impacts on the contemporary development of accounting as well as the principles on the basis of which the systems of state authority are established, interact and function.
ANALYSIS OF THE QUALITY OF LIFE IN THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA
Authors: Lekoska Irena
Published: December 2021

Nowadays, when the world economies are not yet completely released from the destructive effects of the last global financial crisis and still are feeling intensely the shocks caused by daily economic events, the dilemma arises whether humanity as a whole has a satisfactory quality of life, or whether it lives within dignified human existence. This dilemma is particularly present in small emerging economies, with a special focus on transitional economies, which are still at the beginning of a bumpy road to economic development and prosperity.In recent years, the issue of quality of life has become quite an interesting topic and has been the subject of research in the fields of economics, psychology, clinical medicine, health care, philosophy and sociological sciences. Understanding and evaluating this concept has gone through a long period of evolution. Over the years, the term of quality of life, standard of living, and welfare have been perceived as identical terms, even today their connection is so strong that it is almost impossible to talk about one term without mentioning the others.The question of the quality of human life is an inexhaustible source, so, that is, the inspiration of numerous scientists from all fields of science, with a particular emphasis on economists. To perceive or measure the quality of human life is a complex problem that can never be completely exhausted or clarified with certainty. This is due to the fact that the term "quality of life" itself has a multidimensional character and it is extremely difficult to find all the indicators that would explain this concept and determine its true value.Therefore, the goal of this paper is to analyze certain economic indicators that will enable us to make an adequate assessment, or measure the quality of life. The main emphasis of the paper is on the evaluation of relevant indicators of quality of life in North Macedonia and based on comparative analysis has been concluded that our country is positioned on the lower margins of dignified and quality life. Because of this situation, certain measures have been taken, in order to identify the most important strategic priorities of our country. The realization of these strategic priorities and the appropriate allocation of budget funds will ensure higher growth rates of the Macedonian economy in the coming period, with simultaneous improving of the quality of life and living standard of the population.
ASSESSMENT OF THE BUSINESS PROCESSES EFFECTIVENESS IN THE CORPORATE COMPANY
Authors: Velkov Yuliyan
Published: December 2021

“Business processes” is a summarized term for all innovative, operational and focused towards client’s activities in the corporate company. Innovations are about exploring the real and future necessities of customers as well as developing the appropriate products after sales service. They are involved in building the extended value chain in the corporate company and determine the long-term financial effectiveness of the business. The criteria and indicators for effectiveness of innovations generalize in four groups: a) Identifying opportunities for creating new products; b) Management of the portfolio for operation and development; c) Operation and development of new products; d) Release of new products on the market. Key measures of the financial effects of innovative activities are the profitability of the investments in innovations, revenue growth from existing customers, revenue growth from new customers and the cost management of the product life cycle.The operations include a variety of activities for the acquisition of raw materials and materials, processing and recasting, as well as producing the resulting product into an exchangeable state. The operational activities compose the shortened chain of value in the corporate company. They condition the effectively, timely and rapidly delivery of already existing products to existing customers. The criteria and indicators for effectiveness of the operations can be classified into groups: a) Developing and maintaining relationships with suppliers; b) Production of products; c) Distribution of products to customers; d) Risk management. Traditional guidelines for evaluation of financial effects of operational activities are the level of costs, the degree of asset utilization, the success of expanding the proportion of customer purchases, and the increase in revenue from new customers.Customer relationships present a variety of activities aimed at maintaining and developing a consumer’s base. In them the loyalty and affection are reinforced of existing customers and attracting new ones. The criteria and indicators of effectiveness of the client relationships can be summarized in the following groups: a) Customer selection; b) Attracting new customers; c) Keeping the customer base; d) Development of customer relationships.Key measures of the financial effects of customer relationships are the creation of new sources of revenue, the increase in revenue from one customer, the growth of customer profitability, the increase in effectiveness of sales and others.Among the diversity of business processes a small number determine the specifics of the management strategy in the corporate company and form strategic topics.
SPECIFICITY OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION COSTS IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA
Authors: Mitrović Aleksandra , Stanišić Tanja , Kostić Marija
Published: December 2021

Environmental law is an extremely important instrument for regulating and managing sustainable development. The main objective of ecological development is to reduce the risk in terms of living conditions and improve the quality of life, with special attention to environmental protection in achieving these goals. The situation in the Republic of Serbia is not at an enviable level from the point of view of this problem. Serbia is currently among the most polluted countries in Europe. This further threatens human health, has an impact on reducing average life expectancy, impairs quality of life, and affects uneven regional development. However, it should not be overlooked that only a good environment provides a more attractive surrounding for work and investment, and thus increases the competitiveness of the economy. The reason for such a bad situation in Serbia is the result of decades of insufficient investment by the state itself. Increasing the state's investment in environmental protection in the coming years is not only an indisputable need, but also a duty of the state. Ensuring environmental sustainability, especially in a time of accelerated technological revolution, is a process that is becoming more and more demanding and expensive, and the requirements for greening businesses are becoming more common.The main objective of the paper is to examine the specific nature of the costs of environmental protection in the Republic of Serbia, in total and by categories, and on this basis, to identify the problematic aspects in this field that require improvement in the future. The method of analysis of available data by cost categories in dynamic of time is applied in the paper. The results of the research indicate a positive tendency of almost continuous growth of total environmental costs in the Republic of Serbia over a ten-year period (2008-2017), as well as a number of problematic items when it comes to cost structure. Although the Government of the Republic of Serbia has recognized the importance of investing in environmental protection, the current financing system is not satisfied, and it is necessary, first of all, by increasing its transparency and improving coordination between competent authorities, to increase the efficiency of using economic instruments in the environmental field. The high penalty that Serbia could pay if it did not harmonize its regulations with the European ones on time are another reason in support of the thesis that environmental protection must become one of this country's priorities. The results of the research can be useful to economic entities in conceptualizing their business orientation and attitude towards environmental protection, but also to policy and strategy makers at higher level, pointing to desirable directing future costs and investments for environmental protection.
THE PLACE OF RISK MANAGEMENT IN AGILE METHODOLOGY
Authors: Parashkevova Evelina
Published: December 2021

Risk Management is an organized decision-making process that efficiently plans, assesses, handles, monitors, and documents risk to increase the likelihood of achieving project goals and decrease the likelihood that a risk would become a future problem. The introduction of agile project management as a methodology in organizations poses new challenges to risk management. Although some of the conventional methods can be applied, it is important to take into account the specific characteristics of the agile methodology. This implies a more dynamic application of a set of methods and techniques for identifying, analyzing, assessing, and affecting risk. Risk management is a complex activity requiring a specific approach in terms of the capacity of an organization and the characteristic features of projects. Risk management is an important part of the integrated project management framework. It is not a coincidence that this process is included in the methodologies of the Project Management Institute and the International Project Management Association as well as in a number of standards.Risk management is a complex activity requiring a specific approach in terms of the capacity of an organization and the characteristic features of projects. This means that even when standard rules, procedures, methods and techniques for project risk management exist, they need to be adapted to each particular case, analyzed and verified in the course of their implementation. Thus, this process can be highly effective.Organizations’ expectations of enhancing their effectiveness through risk management pose new challenges to project risk management methods and techniques. The dynamics of environmental factors – internal and external – is the main prerequisite for the attention managers pay to this process.It is important to note that each project is specific and standardized risk management systems would be not only difficult to implement, but also ineffective. The agile approach to project management implies agile risk management. This means that standard risk management methods, techniques and limitations need to be adapted to the specifics and complexity of a project on the one hand, the requirements of stakeholders, and the team and organizational capacity, on the other.The report focuses on issues related to agile project management, the integration of risk management into the project management process, and some contributing points of the agile methodology to improving the effectiveness of the project management process. Risk is presented as an unforeseen event that may have a positive or negative impact on project goals. The main advantages of agile risk management in a project and the possibility of integrating it with the overall project management are highlighted.
SMART CONCEPT FOR PROJECT MANAGEMENT – TRANSITION TO DevOps
Authors: Stoyanova Mariela
Published: December 2021

The article aims to reveal the transition and evolvement of the Project management in its variety and benefits that brings for the business organization. There will be reviewed three main concepts for Project management: Lean, Agile and DevOps. Lean concept concentrates its efforts to deliver more value with less waste by reducing everything that does not add value. In other words: Doing more with less. An organization that applying Lean Methodology is aiming to provide perfect value to customers following perfect process of creating value with zero waste. There are key principles which guide the actions for applying Lean techniques. In order to do this the experts have to perform Lean thinking. In other hand the main philosophy in Agile approach is striving for the same costs and at the same time but improving work so that the customers remain satisfied. There have been various frameworks like Scrum and Kanban which offers different tools to manage projects and refer to Agile Project Management. It encourages adaptive planning, evolutionary development, early delivery, and continual improvement. Agile approach leads to rapid and flexible response to changes. This method is highly used and beneficiary in complex projects where the situations are constantly changing. Lean and Agile approaches have many things in common. Both of them are seeking to add value and prefer working in small badges to avoid large mistakes. Different approaches effect in different way for different organizations. In an effort to avoid some disadvantages there is some companies that moved towards DevOps. DevOps Approach also is a method in strong connection with Lean and Agile methods by steer them to operations work. While Agile Project Management focuses its efforts to Development (Dev), there is still a loop which needs to be covered – Operation function (Ops). Participating of the development and operations experts together in the entire product or service lifecycle is the main concept of the DevOps. The soft skills of the people that are expected to adopt and move by the principles of any philosophy have an important role. The way they think and execute their responsibilities are as important as the principles itself. The tools are useless if the people are not willing and don’t know how to use them. Every one of those philosophies strives to answer challenges of the business environment and rapidly changing customer`s needs with different tools. The collaboration between them and the transition from one to another shaped Smart concept for Project Management which puts in front quality, customer feedback and continuous delivery and deployment.
METHODS FOR MANAGING ORGANIZATIONAL CONFLICTS IN HOSPITAL
Authors: Raykova Ekaterina , Semerdjieva Maria
Published: December 2021

Conflict is a consistent and unavoidable issue in the healthcare organization. A hospital is the most complex healthcare setting in which conflict arises as a result of opposing interests, goals, and in other cases of confrontation. It creates a situation that reflects on the behavior and position of all parties involved. Conflict is a dynamic process and can have positive or negative effects on the hospital activity. Unresolved or inadequately managed conflict has numerous negative effects, including stress, ineffective decision making, a negative work environment, patient and medical dissatisfaction. However, effective conflict resolution has been shown to enhance team performance, increase patient safety, and improve patient outcomes. The conflict in healthcare organizations, as a result of intensification the contradictions, requires timely identification, prompt and effective intervention to minimize its adverse consequences. The implementation of effective methods for managing and reducing the number of destructive conflicts is emerging as a key criterion for the successful functioning of the hospital as an organization. Despite the existence of mechanisms embedded in their structure, the approaches to managing conflicts in healthcare organizations are different. This allows the conflict to be approached from different sides and provides a comprehensive overview of the process in the interests of actual practices practice of management. The specific nature of hospital work and its impact on the health of the population requires that conflicts in health care be accepted, discussed, and managed in a way that promotes good relationships, organizational development and productivity. The choice of adequate conflict management methods will help medical specialists and managers build an organizational culture that fosters collaboration and create the best work environment to engage in effective conflict management.
THE BASEL III REGULATORY FRAMEWORK AND ITS IMPLICATION ON THE LIQUIDITY OF THE BANKING SECTOR IN THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA
Authors: Vytev Zhelao , Gashi Hazir
Published: December 2021

The advent of the global financial crisis and its consequences have led the banking system to work towards more stringent regulatory rules. Additional regulatory requirements affect various aspects of banks' operations. In this regard, one of the most important questions that arises is how the implementation of the new Basel III regulatory framework affects the liquidity of banking institutions.The focus in this paper is the liquidity of the banks in the Republic of Northern Macedonia. The subject of the study is focused on the strength and direction of the impact of the new Basel III regulatory framework on their liquidity. The aim of the study is to reveal the effect of the use of modern regulatory requirements on liquidity of the banking system. A coefficient analysis is applied using a system of appropriately selected indicators: change (increment or decrease) of liquid and highly liquid assets, relative share of liquid and highly liquid assets in the structure of assets, coverage of liabilities with liquid assets, coverage of short-term liabilities with liquid assets, coverage of deposits by non-financial entities with liquid assets, “loans / deposits” ratio.The study includes observations on developments in the banking sector of the Republic of Northern Macedonia for the period 2007-2018. In terms of the impact of the new regulatory framework on banking liquidity, the twelve-year period analysed includes three distinct phases: 1) the time before the onset of the global financial crisis (until 2009); 2) the crisis period (2009 to 2012); 3) the post-crisis period (after 2012), during which the new regulatory measures are gradually moving (Basel III). For the purposes of the study, two working hypotheses are formulated: 1) first hypothesis - the new rules for regulating liquidity and capital adequacy have a negative or stagnant effect on the liquidity of banks in the Republic of Northern Macedonia, manifested in the form of sensitive fluctuations or in the form of sensitive fluctuations or a number of their financial liquidity indicators; 2) second hypothesis - the implementation of the new regulatory measures does not adversely affect banks' liquidity. The analysis of real empirical data shows that the implementation of the new regulatory measures does not have a negative impact on the liquidity of banks in the Republic of Northern Macedonia, but rather, a tendency to stabilize and improve a number of their key liquidity indicators.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF COMPETITION PROTECTION SYSTEMS IN EUROPEAN UNION AND UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Authors: Galev Goce
Published: December 2021

The origin and basic principles of legislation concerning the restriction, prevention, distortion of competition, as well as the conduct of monopoly companies, and consequently the abuse of dominant position, should be sought in historical legal circumstances. The American and European competition protection systems have a common goal, and both systems seek to protect consumers, the free flow of goods and services on the market, and access to competitors' markets. However, given the different historical and economic-political circumstances, the material and procedural rules that are driving the systems of protection of competition differ significantly in their content, their application and their institutional set-up in general. The basic principles, doctrines, and methods of enforcing US competition law stem from the provisions of three legislative acts that, while broadly and broadly formulated, still contribute to the regulation of actions that restrict competition and illicit market monopolization. Namely, these are the Sherman Act passed in 1890, the Clayton Act and the law regulating the work of the Federal Trade Commission passed in 1914. At first glance, there seems to be a great similarity between Community competition law and that of the United States of America. However, a detailed analysis shows that Article 81 of Treaty of Rome, which prohibits agreements that prevent, restrict and distort competition and, consequently, price-fixing agreements and the first part of the Sherman Act, which prohibits trade restrictive agreements are almost incomparable. The same is true of Article 82, which prohibits abuse of dominant position and Article 2 of Sherman Act, which prohibits monopolization and the attempts to monopolize.The purpose of this paper is primarily to illustrate the differences, similarities of these two systems. The reason for this, lies in trying to determine how and to what extent economic and legal circumstances affect the choice of the system of protection of competition and, consequently, legal provisions and their application.
DETERMINANTS AFFECTING ONLINE SHOPPING BEHAVIOUR IN LIFE INSURANCE
Authors: Denkova Branka
Published: December 2021

We live in age where E-commerce offers many online marketing opportunities to companies worldwide that sell products and services through online channel to make their market more extensive. The new digital technologies have transformed the way we do business, the way we communicate, travel, think, react and act. This rapid growth of e-retailing is attributed to the advantages that it offers over conventional bricks-and-mortar stores, including greater flexibility, enhanced market outreach, lower cost structures, faster transactions, broader product lines, greater convenience and customization. Also, the popularization of the Internet, has made online shopping has become one of the most popular shopping style for customers Online shopping is the use of technology for better marketing performance. It offers numerous advantages to consumers compared to traditional shopping such as saving time, lower prices, convenience and etc. Retailers design appropriate marketing strategies in order to meet the demand of online shoppers and they are constantly occupied in studying consumer behavior in the field of online shopping. In accordance with the theoretical and empirical findings, online consumer behavior is influenced by various cultural, economic, social, psychological and demographic factors. Therefore, the study of this research proposal is to explore the factors that attract online consumer clients. Even though, there is increasing online sales, many online consumers use information collected online to buy the products offline. . This is confirmed by the high abandon rates of shopping carts Consumers use online stores to acquire a knowledge about the product price and product distinction, yet they don’t make the final purchase with the online store. According to the study of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, out of a total of 137 analyzed economies ("Unlocking the potential of e-commerce for developing countries") in 2015 according to the indicator that gives an image of the readiness of one country for e-commerce, Macedonia is on the 45th place, with the value of the index of 60 points. The index takes into account 4 parameters: internet penetration, coverage of postal delivery, penetration of payment cards and secure Internet servers. According to the data from the State Statistical Office and Eurostat in 2017, only 19.5% of Macedonians with Internet access bought / ordered something online in the last 12 months, while the EU average was 68%. As a result of the state of electronic commerce in the Republic of Macedonia in comparison with other countries in the world, the subject of this paper is to analyze the factors that influence the behavior of consumers when making a decision for electronic purchase in order to create more appropriate marketing strategies and activities that will contribute to the development of the electronic purchase market in the Republic of Macedonia.
COSTS OF PROTECTION AT WORK IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Authors: Šmelcerović Miodrag , Varamezov Lyubcho , Grubor Marina
Published: December 2021

Technologies in which working life is the basis of business, and research into losses due to absenteeism, are a complex social and individual problem. Surveys conducted at the level of Member States of the European Community show that these losses amount to about 4% of GDP (gross social income). Due to inadequate record keeping, it is not possible to calculate how much such damage is in Serbia, but according to the available parameters related to the number of injuries at work, the state of occupational safety in Serbia does not deviate significantly from the situation in Europe. Safer working conditions are of great interest to the state, since work incapacity directly affects the state budget. Thus, apart from repression, the state should share with the employers the costs of investing in occupational safety and health. By reducing the tax rate or introducing a zero value added tax (VAT), employers would be encouraged to invest in occupational safety and health.The costs of injuries at work are mainly borne by employers, but the damage incurred is also reflected at the national level. The costs of occupational injuries can be divided into direct and indirect costs.The paper presents an economic approach to a harmful event (injury at work) and points to itto certain direct and indirect costs in entrepreneurship.
GOOD PRACTICES FOR TIME MANAGEMENT IN BALNEOLOGICAL TOURISM
Authors: Karadzhova Zlatina , Yanakieva Albena
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this report is to analyze and identify good practices in managing working day in the field of balneological tourism. The tasks that are set to achieve this are the following: to summarize the essence of the terms "good practices", "time management", "balneological tourism". The thesis, which is defended in the report, is that in busy everyday life we have to apply time management methods and techniques. One way to always find time for the most important things is to reduce it to those that do not bring us closer to our goals in personal and professional terms. The term "balneotherapy" does not really only cover mineral water treatments, as they are also applied through drinking, inhalation, irrigation. It really expresses the action of all natural balneofactors - plain water, mineral water, healing muds, warm healing agents that act on the skin and cause nerve-reflex and sanogenesis mechanisms. Therefore, balneotherapy is used as a general concept for all balneological factors and has a generic meaning. Balneological tourism is one of the main tourist products of Bulgaria, the main way to absorb considerable resources: hot, hot and cold mineral springs, healing mud, etc., to which the country is extremely rich. Building skills for optimal planning and time management is an integral and indispensable part of a fulfilling lifestyle, at the heart of which is good health. And key aspects of good health, an integral part of which is balneological tourism, are directly dependent on how effectively, fully and soundly we are able to plan and manage our working hours.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PLANNING
Authors: Borissov Borislav , Cucoviċ Anita , Shabani Halit
Published: December 2021

By promoting the principles of sustainable development, educating the population and employees in all sectors about the opportunities for practical implementation, it encourages people to gather and work together to design and implement sustainable development in their communities. Great importance should be given to, and as such, commented on, new orientations at the level of public policies at the global, European and national levels. Also, great attention should be paid to changes in society.Global Sustainable Development Goals should be universal and, as such, applicable in all countries and communities, across the population. Their implementation should take into account specific opportunities, conditions and opportunities in different parts of the planet. Priority areas of action need to be identified and opportunities for contributing to sustainable development considered. In this way, we become part of a global partnership that is key to achieving the goals.In order for planning and implementation to be successful, significant mobilization of resources from different sources must be ensured. It is also possible to create clear public policies at national, regional and international levels through increased development cooperation, which is mainly based on development strategies that promote the fight against poverty and gender inequality. In this way, the promotion of gender equality creates the basis for prosperous and sustainable development.Another possible policy is to raise the level of economic productivity while pursuing diversification; technological development and innovation, all through the focus of work intensity. The condition for the development of these policies or strategies is achievable with the economic, social and environmental links with urban and rural areas.
SOCIAL ISSUES OF THE EDUCATION SYSTEM IN ALBANIA AND TODAY'S WORLDVIEW OF KNOWLEDGE
Authors: Petro Menada
Published: December 2021

If we take a look at past developments and today's changes, anyone can readily notice that society has been involved in a rapid development. So if we notice the change in the form and content of cars, or electrical appliances, home appliances, cameras, computers, mobile phones, etc, we can understand how much they have changed and evolved. But if we take the same view in the field of education, we see that our schools today have changed very little. We are still at the stage when students sit in rows and the teacher is at the center, the student is still very little entitled to claim to be autodidact in creating his knowledge and we still see the teacher as the only source of knowledge.The school has been transformed into a planned process that prepares individuals for a world planned and organized in institutions. Time ago, schools prepared individuals for a secure and recognizable future, but in today's reality, schools have to prepare safe individuals for an unknown, changeable and completely uncertain future, so, nowadays the education challenge is to establish sustainable education in a rapidly changing society.From this point of view this paper attempts to analyze and provide answers to the actual education system and new learning opportunities. Installing a different knowledge while retaining its power and not the same knowledge for everyone by expanding its power.This analysis aims to change the concepts and outlook for a more efficient functioning of the education system in Albania, as well as give policy makers recommendations on how our system should change to better fit to the pace of time and prepare individuals capable for life and society.
THE POSSIBILITY OF USING SOLAR ENERGY ON THE TERRITORY OF THE CITY OF LESKOVAC
Authors: Šmelcerović Miodrag , Dimitrijević Oliver
Published: December 2021

Average solar radiation in Serbia is about 40% higher than the European average. Despite that, the use of solar energy for electricity generation is far behind the countries of the European Union. Creating conditions for the development and functionality of sustainable markets solar system is of great importance for the economy and the preservation of the natural environment in Serbia. Popularization of photovoltaic production equipment will lead to a reduction in prices and greater use of these devices by the population. Area needed for photovoltaic installation, which is sufficient for a family of four from 7-15m² anywhere in the world. The average solar energy that reaches the Earth's 4kWh / m². The efficiency of photovoltaic technology is a low 10%, which means that it is possible to produce 0.4 kWh / m² per day. An average family spends about 6000 kWh per year, or 4 kWh per day per person. In this work we wanted to show the possibility of using solar energy. Also, the work presents technological capabilities of today's replacement of dirty technologies with it. Special emphasis is placed on good practice example of building a solar power plant. Confirmed the economic viability of solar power plant. In near future we even anticipate a full transition to solar energy technology, as the primary source of energy. Solar energy is clean, renewable, cheap, affordable and perfect in every respect as a source of energy for future technologies. The legislation favors the use of renewable solar energy .For its exploitation there are no legal obstacles like wind energy and hydropower. The energy that the sun emits during a year per 1 m2 of the roof in Serbia equals the energy obtained from burning 130 liters of oil, and when it is completely free. The greatest potential for using solar energy have cities in southern Serbia - Niš, Kuršumlija and Vranje.
CONTENT OF TOTAL NITROGEN AND PROTEINS FROM ALFALFA (Medicago sativa L.) COLLECTED IN THREE SLOPES
Authors: Butleska Gjoroska Valentina , Koleva Gudeva Liljana , Cvetanovska Lenka
Published: December 2021

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) leaves and stems contain different proteins and nitrogen concentration in different stages of growth. The objective of this study is to determine the dynamic of nutrient accumulation of total nitrogen and proteins in leaves and stems. The experiment was conducted in three slopes, on three regions in the Republic of North Macedonia (Tetovo, Skopje and Ovche Pole). Chemical analysis of total nitrogen and proteins were obtained from first, second and third slope. Modern techniques have been used for analyzing the protein activity of plant material in multiple measuring points. Significant differences are found in the production of total nitrogen and proteins between the locations in Tetovo region on one side, and Skopje and Ovche Pole on the other side. It shows that Tetovo region has better conditions for producing alfalfa protein. Alfalfa is a culture that is rich in high nitrogen and protein content in the Tetovo region, which is correlated with the amino acid composition, resulting in a high biological value. Therefore, alfalfa is the dominant forage crop and active diet culture with high applicability to the bio-diet. Proteins are the most abundant biomolecules in plants and other organisms. Protein macromolecules make up half of the dry matter in the plant cell. The plant cell contains many different proteins with a specific function. Proteins contain the most important property - biological specificity, so the individuality of each organism is conditioned by the type of protein it is made of. Proteins have a specific structure that is found in their biological activity. Proteins are the most important components in the plant cell. Nitrogen is one of the many compounds important for plant life processes and its role in physiological processes in plants is quite large. The needs of certain plants for nitrogen are different. Nitrogen in plants is important in the composition of proteins, nucleic acids, coenzymes, alkaloids, some pigments and other compounds. Accordingly, the nitrogen in plants exists as non-protein and protein nitrogen, found in the protein component. It can only enter the plant cell if it is reduced to ammonia. This scientific research paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the nitrogen and protein composition of alfalfa grown in the Skopje, Tetovo and Ovche Pole region. The results of this research, represent the first full and complete overview of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), with its protein composition, which would be of great importance for the further cultivation of this forage crop. Scientific evidence has shown that the Tetovo region has a higher advantage over the Skopje and Ovche Pole region in terms of nitrogen and protein content, which are crucial nutrients in forage crops.
DYNAMICS OF THE FILLING MASS AND pH IN DURABLE SAUSAGES DURING RIPENING
Authors: Elmazi Kujtim , Stojanovski Mitre , Joshevska Elena , Trajkovska Biljana , Seferi Nesim
Published: December 2021

The paper presents the results of studies done regarding the changes in the filling mass and pH in durable sausages (Kulen and Tea sausages) during ripening. The changes in the mass and pH of Kulen and Tea sausages during ripening were monitored every three days. Ripening of the durable sausages lasts for 15-20 days and is performed in chambers with controlled conditions (temperature and relative humidity). The initial filling mass of the pre-fermentation is 894.5g in average with a pH value of (7.1 ° C), 5.78. After completion of ripening (20th day) the average mass of the Kulen was decreased and in average changes into 615.5g. The average calorie is 297.0g or 31.19%. The final pH of the Kulen after fermentation is 4.55. The average filling mass of sausage immediately after filling was 470.5g and a pH of 5.89 at a temperature of (7.1 ° C). After 15 days of ripening the average weight of the Tea sausage was decreased with an average weight of 317.0 g. The mass loss is 153.5g, or 32.62%. The final pH of the Tea sausage after fermentation is 4.88.
BIOCENOTIC HETEROGENEITY IN ANTHROPOZOONOSIS FOR EGGS - ECOTECHNOLOGICAL CHAINS OF DETRITY TYPE FOR THE LIMITING OF LINEARITY OF TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Kirov Veselin , Tchoukanov Alexander
Published: December 2021

Experiments have been conducted that looked into the transformed ecotope in eggs that have undergone anthropozoonosis, in which there was introduced, a group of age matched, biomass and health ascribed status of birds of species of Gallus gallus category laying hens, breed ISA-Brough (ISA-Brown) at 18 weeks of age, 5 lines aligned for age, and grown for 300 days.Involved are 3 models of detritus trophic chain, which are trophotechnological, and also are representative of reproducing technologies for the processing of manure on the basis of the degradation of organic substances used in practice: biotechnological chain for anaerobic degradation of fertilizer (AR); biotechnology for controlled aerobic degradation (composting) (K), and detrital technological chain for extensive aerobic degradation, replicating good farming practices (DFP), which include the creation of conditions for uncontrolled aeration for duration of 180 days.Aerobic technologies use open technology systems with free (DFP) or regulated (K) atmospheric air flow. Providing aerobic conditions is related to the release of some of the biogenic elements in the manure as gaseous products that pollute the atmosphere. The nitrogen is partially released in the form of ammonia (under the simulated/modeled conditions, the amount of ammonia reaches 20 ppm). For this reason, there is a redistribution compared to the outputted raw material: the content of nitrogen in the standing fertilizer (DFP) is 74.6%, in the compost - 94%, in AR the amount is 135%. The dynamics of the other investigated macronutrients listed in Table 1 are analogous to this. Redistribution of toxic elements is also established (Table 2). Regardless of the differences in their dynamics, in all three technologies of processing, the content of toxic elements is regulated as acceptable levels for application and use in soil, with the exception of zinc, which has a low toxicity. A modified mathematical model is proposed to optimize the technological parameters of AR. Organic fertilizer with a dry matter content of 48.16% is introduced at the entrance to the system with AR. In order to obtain optimal concentration (7-8%) for maximum ecological efficiency (criteria R – which is the maximum degree of degradation of organic matter in the fertilizer), a sevenfold dilution of the substrate is required. A sevenfold increase in product (biosludge) with a relatively low dry matter content of 4.08% is obtained.