bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЗАЩИТЫ ПРАВ ПОТРЕБИТЕЛЕЙ ПРИ ДИСТАНЦИОННОЙ ПОКУПКЕ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ СРЕДСТВ
Authors: Мирошниченко Наталья Федоровна
Published: August 2021

Целью исследования является детальный правовой анализ розничной дистанционной торговли лекарственными препаратами для медицинского применения, а также правовой анализ возможности обмена и возврата денежных средств за лекарственный препарат.

Методологическую базу исследования составляют анализ нормативно-правовых актов, регулирующих розничную торговлю, в том числе дистанционную, лекарственными препаратами для медицинского применения, сравнение, обобщение.

Результаты исследования. Правовой анализ нормативно-правовых актов, регулирующих розничную дистанционную торговлю лекарственными препаратами для медицинского применения, а также правовой анализ возможности обмена и возврата денежных средств за лекарственный препарат установил, что так как лекарственные препараты входят в перечень непродовольственных товаров надлежащего качества, не подлежащих обмену, то соответственно, лекарственные препараты надлежащего качества, вернуть или обменять нельзя [3, ст. 410; 4, ст. 140; 9, ст. 593]. Но при дистанционной покупке лекарственного препарата для медицинского применения за покупателем (потребителем) законодатель закрепил право отказаться от доставленного лекарственного препарата надлежащего качества до оплаты заказа (услуга доставки оплачивается), а также право возврата заказа ненадлежащего качества (например, брак, дефекты маркировки, отсутствие инструкции по применению препарата, истекший срок годности, если доставленный заказ не соответствует заказанному по количеству или составу) без оплаты самого заказа и услуги по его доставке.

Перспективу исследования составляет правовой анализ судебной практики в сфере защиты прав потребителей при дистанционной покупке лекарственных препаратов.
ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ТУРИЗМ И ЕГО РЕСУРСНЫЙ ПОТЕНЦИАЛ В СОЦИАЛИЗАЦИИ ЦИФРОВОЙ МОЛОДЕЖИ
Authors: Саидова Липа Исаевна
Published: August 2021

Целью исследования является обоснование роли экологического туризма в социализации современной молодежи, жизненный мир которой уже не мыслится без информационных и цифровых технологий. Высокая актуальность данной проблематики объясняется как этим обстоятельством, так и связанным с ним фактором снижения здоровья молодежи, замыкающейся на своих микромирах, зачастую виртуальных и погруженных в социальные сети в ущерб реальным практикам общения и территориальной мобильности.

Методологическую базу исследования представляют принципы дискурсивного анализа, позволившего выявить особенности и многообразие точек зрения и позиций относительно понятия экологического туризма, его функций и тенденций развития, а также типологического анализа, в рамках которого, включенных в обширное пространство туристских практик, экотуризм предстает как один из типов туризма.

Результаты исследования позволили обосновать точку зрения о социализационном потенциале экологического туризма, особенно значимого в информационную эпоху, когда цифровые технологии становятся источником дальнейшего замыкания на собственных этнокультурных мирах, сетевых коммуникациях, что ограничивает социализационный процесс, в условиях полиэтничного населения России нуждающийся в механизмах кросскультурных взаимодействий. Экологический туризм, помимо функции сохранения экосистемы, выполняет множество иных, связанных с расширением социальных связей и коммуникаций в процессе туристской деятельности, знакомством с иными этнокультурными мирами, а также включением в пространство социально-полезной деятельности и становлением социальной субъектной молодежи. Однако экологический туризм имеет и оборотную сторону. В условиях расширения и увеличения масштабов этого направления туристической деятельности растет и количество угроз окружающей среде, охранять которую призван экотуризм. На фоне этой противоречивой тенденции в развитии экологического туризма сам процесс экологической социализации нуждается в дополнительном осмыслении с точки зрения выстраивания экологической политики в области туризма в благополучном сценарии развития экологии и социализации молодых поколений.

Перспективу исследования составляет вывод о необходимости дальнейших научных изысканий в области экологического туризма как пространства социализации российской молодежи с учетом того, что сама молодежь является активным субъектом экотуристских практик, а, значит, имеет ресурс влияния на экологическую ситуацию и вектор трансформации экотуризма как социального института. И в этом заключается ключевая перспектива социологического изучения экологического туризма как самостоятельного социального института, включенного в институциональное пространство туризма, имеющего общие с ним функции, а также специфические, обусловленные природой происхождения экотуризма.
Цифровая экономика
Authors: Абдрахманова Гульнара , Гохберг Леонид , Демьянова Анна , Дьяченко Екатерина , Ковалева Галина , Коцемир Максим , Кузнецова Ирина , Ратай Татьяна , Рыжикова Зинаида , Стрельцова Екатерина , Фридлянова Светлана , Фурсов Константин , Власова Валерия , Озерова Ольга
Published: August 2021

Краткий статистический сборник содержит основные индикаторы развития цифровой экономики в России. Приводятся сведения об использовании информационно-коммуникационных технологий (ИКТ) населением и в бизнесе, развитии электронного государства в России и зарубежных странах. Представлены показатели, характеризующие кадры цифровой экономики, рынок телекоммуникаций, деятельность сектора ИКТ. В сборнике использованы материалы Минкомсвязи России, Росстата, Минобрнауки России, Банка России, ОЭСР, Евростата, МСЭ, ООН, ВЭФ, консорциума Корнельского университета (Cornell University), Школы бизнеса INSEAD и Всемирной организации интеллектуальной собственности (WIPO), а также разработки Института статистических исследований и экономики знаний Национального исследовательского университета «Высшая школа экономики».
Influenza A Virus-Infected Lung Epithelial Cell Co-Culture with Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells v1
Authors: Loh Liyen , Koutsakos Marios , Kedzierska Katherine , S. C. Hinks Timothy
Published: September 2021

Sensing of influenza A virus (IAV) infection by pattern recognition receptors can occur by either direct infection of lung epithelial cells or uptake of virus-infected cells by innate cells such as dendritic cells/monocytes. This triggers a series of downstream events including activation of the inflammasome, the production of cytokines, chemokines, and the upregulation of stress-induced ligands that can lead to the activation of innate cells. These cells include innate lymphocytes such as MAIT, NKT, NK, and γδ T cells. Here we describe a method used to allow activation of human innate lymphocytes in co-culture with an IAV-infected human lung epithelial cell line (A549) to measure ex vivo effector functions (TNF and IFNγ) in a mixed culture environment. We describe (1) infection of the human lung epithelial cell line, (2) co-culture with PBMC, and (3) measurement of activation using intracellular cytokine staining.
Analysis of Breast Cancer Cell Invasion Using an Organotypic Culture System v1
Authors: E. Ranftl Romana , Calvo Fernando
Published: September 2021

Metastasis is the main cause of cancer patient mortality. Local tumor invasion is a key step in metastatic dissemination whereby cancer cells dislodge from primary tumors, migrate through the peritumoral stroma and reach the circulation. This is a highly dynamic process occurring in three dimensions that involves interactions between tumor, stromal cells, and the extracellular matrix. Here we describe the organotypic culture system and its utility to study breast cancer cell invasion induced by cancer-associated fibroblasts. This is a three-dimensional model that reproduces the biochemical and physiological properties of real tissue and allows for investigating the molecular and cellular mechanisms involving tumor and its microenvironment, and their contribution to cancer cell invasion. This system provides a robust, accurate, and reproducible method for measuring cancer cell invasion and represents a valuable tool to improve the mechanistic understanding of the initial steps in metastasis.
UV Denaturation of Proteins Monitored by Circular Dichroism in the Far-UV Region (180–260 nm) v1
Authors: Hussain Rohanah , S. Hughes Charlotte , Siligardi Giuliano
Published: September 2021

CD spectroscopy is the essential tool to quickly ascertain in the far-UV region the global conformational changes, the secondary structure content, and protein folding and in the near-UV region the local tertiary structure changes probed by the local environment of the aromatic side chains, prosthetic groups (hemes, flavones, carotenoids), the dihedral angle of disulfide bonds, and the ligand chromophore moieties, the latter occurring as a result of protein–ligand binding interaction. Qualitative and quantitative investigations into ligand-binding interactions in both the far- and near-UV regions using CD spectroscopy provide unique and direct information whether induced conformational changes upon ligand binding occur and of what nature that are unattainable with other techniques such as fluorescence, ITC, SPR, and AUC. This chapter provides an overview of how to perform circular dichroism (CD) experiments, detailing methods, hints and tips for successful CD measurements. Descriptions of different experimental designs are discussed using CD to investigate ligand-binding interactions. This includes standard qualitative CD measurements conducted in both single-measurement mode and high-throughput 96-well plate mode, CD titrations, and UV protein denaturation assays with and without ligand. The highly collimated micro-beam available at B23 beamline for synchrotron radiation circular dichroism (SRCD) at Diamond Light Source (DLS) offers many advantages to benchtop instruments. The synchrotron light source is ten times brighter than a standard xenon arc light source of benchtop instruments. The small diameter of the synchrotron beam can be up to 160 times smaller than that of benchtop light beams; this has enabled the use of small aperture cuvette cells and flat capillary tubes reducing substantially the amount of volume sample to be investigated. Methods, hints and tips, and golden rules tomeasure good quality, artifact-free SRCD and CD data will be described in this chapter in particular for the study of protein–ligand interactions and protein photostability.
Reverse Transcribe RNA (All Clip and Input Samples), and Reaction Cleanup v1
Authors: L. Van Nostrand Eric , B. Nguyen Thai , Gelboin-Burkhart Chelsea , Wang Ruth , M. Blue Steven , A. Pratt Gabriel , L. Louie Ashley , W. Yeo Gene
Published: September 2021

Profiling of RNA binding protein targets in vivo provides critical insights into the mechanistic roles they play in regulating RNA processing. The enhanced crosslinking and immunoprecipitation (eCLIP) methodology provides a framework for robust, reproducible identification of transcriptome-wide protein-RNA interactions, with dramatically improved efficiency over previous methods. Here we provide a step-by-step description of the eCLIP method, along with insights into optimal performance of critical steps in the protocol. In particular, we describe improvements to the adaptor strategy that enables single-end enhanced CLIP (seCLIP), which removes the requirement for paired-end sequencing of eCLIP libraries. Further, we describe the observation of contaminating RNA present in standard nitrocellulose membrane suppliers, and present options with significantly reduced contamination for sensitive applications. These notes further refine the eCLIP methodology, simplifying robust RNA binding protein studies for all users.
qPCR Quantify cDNA, PCR, and Reaction Cleanup v1
Authors: L. Van Nostrand Eric , B. Nguyen Thai , Gelboin-Burkhart Chelsea , Wang Ruth , M. Blue Steven , A. Pratt Gabriel , L. Louie Ashley , W. Yeo Gene
Published: September 2021

Profiling of RNA binding protein targets in vivo provides critical insights into the mechanistic roles they play in regulating RNA processing. The enhanced crosslinking and immunoprecipitation (eCLIP) methodology provides a framework for robust, reproducible identification of transcriptome-wide protein-RNA interactions, with dramatically improved efficiency over previous methods. Here we provide a step-by-step description of the eCLIP method, along with insights into optimal performance of critical steps in the protocol. In particular, we describe improvements to the adaptor strategy that enables single-end enhanced CLIP (seCLIP), which removes the requirement for paired-end sequencing of eCLIP libraries. Further, we describe the observation of contaminating RNA present in standard nitrocellulose membrane suppliers, and present options with significantly reduced contamination for sensitive applications. These notes further refine the eCLIP methodology, simplifying robust RNA binding protein studies for all users.
3.2 Isolation of Specific Cell Types from Digested Lung Tissue v1
Authors: Graves Helen , Evans Steven , Fauler Michael , Frick Manfred , A. Moschos Sterghios
Published: September 2021

The clinical potential of DNA and RNA-targeting therapeutics for airways disease has been hampered by the poor translation of promising drug candidates from cell culture to in vivo models and the clinic. For example, classical preclinical approaches routinely report 20–60% target knockdown effects in the lung, where 1 or 2 log effects are observed in isolated cell cultures in vitro. Preparation of monocellular suspensions of tissues by mechanoenzymatic disruption followed by cell sorting (TDCS) after in vivo drug dosing, however, can offer pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic insights on the effects of drugs to precise cell subpopulations. Moreover, this can be reliably achieved with up to 66% fewer animals than standard in vivo pharmacology approaches due to lower data variance afforded through analytics on defined, viable cell numbers. Here we describe the TDCS methodology for the isolation of total lung epithelia, lung macrophages, and epithelium/macrophage-depleted cell fractions from mouse lungs using a two-stage sorting process of immunomagnetic bead separation followed by flow cytometric sorting using fluorescent antibodies against well-established surface markers such as F4/80, CD11b, and CD326. Validated antibodies for additional cell types and markers are also provided.
Transition and Translation of Free Indirect Discourse in Chinese Literature
Authors: Liu Yixin
Published: September 2021

Free indirect discourse (FID) is a discourse presentation pattern of third-person narration, and it is often employed as a common narrative strategy to present characters’ consciousness in literary works. Given its ambiguous link with both the narrator’s and character’s discourse, we may feel confused about how to distinguish FID from other discourse when reading a text. After introducing the basic definition of this notion, this paper will interpret several signals which can help to distinguish FID passages in the text. Most importantly, this paper will look at how FID passages in Western literary works were translated into Chinese in early works, and then explore the development of FID in early Chinese fiction, investigating the transition of FID in Chinese.
DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGY FOR THE PRODUCTION OF NEW TYPES OF PROTEIN-VITAMIN SWEET DISHES
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Ivanova Galina
Published: September 2021

Currently, one of the priorities in the field of healthy nutrition of the population in accordance with the State Policy of the Russian Federation is the development of the production of food products enriched with essential components, as well as the expansion of domestic production of the main types of food raw materials that meet modern quality and safety requirements, so the research aimed at the development of new types of products is relevant. The article considers the possibility of creating combined sweet dishes based on animal and vegetable raw materials. A scheme for obtaining vitamin supplements in the form of homogenized purees from sea buckthorn and celery has been developed. The physicochemical parameters and vitamin composition of homogenized sea buckthorn and celery purees were studied. On the basis of the obtained data, a technology for the production of new types of protein-vitamin sweet dishes based on cottage cheese has been developed. The organoleptic and physico-chemical quality indicators of the obtained samples of sweet dishes with different concentrations and ratios of homogenized sea buckthorn and celery purees were determined. The vitamin composition was also studied. The degree of satisfaction of the need for nutrients and energy when eating protein-vitamin sweet dishes with sea buckthorn and celery puree was established. New types of protein-vitamin sweet dishes have high organoleptic characteristics (rich taste, pleasant aroma of sea buckthorn, airy consistency), increased nutritional and biological value due to the proteins, vitamins (A, E, C), macro - and micronutrients contained in them. These sweet dishes can be recommended for the nutrition of the general population, including the diets of school-age children and the elderly.
Animacy, Anaphora and Language Change in Swedish
Authors: Skrzypek Dominika
Published: August 2021

This paper considers the role of animacy in the overt marking of indirect anaphors, i.e., noun phrases (NP), which introduce new discourse referents, that are grounded in the preceding discourse by means of a grounding element, an anchor. The indirect anaphors are considered in a diachronic perspective with reference to the emergent definite article and the variation between the article and other marking elements, in particular possessive pronouns. The study is based on an annotated corpus of Swedish prosaic texts from 1200–1550, which is a period of time when the definite article undergoes the process of grammaticalization in this language. The material was sorted according to the different combinations of the animacy of the anchor and the anaphor.The indirect anaphors which are anchored by means of expressions referring to animate entities show more variation of expression than those expressions referring to inanimate entities at the onset of definite article grammaticalization, but as the grammaticalization progresses, all indirect anaphors are by default expressed by the definite article. This is connected with the ongoing grammaticalization of the definite article and its extended use in new contexts. Keywords animacy; indirect anaphora; language change; definite article; Swedish
Approaches to Text Simplification: Can Computer Technologies Outdo a Human Mind?
Authors: Pervukhina Svetlana Vladimirovna , Basenko Gyulnara Vladimirovna , Ryabtseva Irina Gennadjevna , Sakharova Elena Evgenyevna
Published: August 2021

Narrowly specialized information is addressed to a limited circle of professionals though it provokes interest among people without specialized education. This gives rise to a need for the popularization of scientific information. This process is carried out through simplified texts as a kind of secondary texts that are directly aimed at the addressee. Age, language proficiency and background knowledge are the main features which are usually taken into consideration by the author of the secondary text who makes changes in the text composition, as well as in its pragmatics, semantics and syntax. This article analyses traditional approaches to text simplification, computer simplification and summarization. The authors compare human-authored simplification of literary texts with the newest trends in computer simplification to promote further development of machine simplification tools. It has been found that the samples of simplified scientific texts seem to be more natural than the samples of simplified literary texts since technical background knowledge can be processed with machine tools. The authors have come to the conclusion that literary and technical texts should imply different approaches for adaptation and simplification. In addition, personal readers’ experience plays a great part in finding the implications in literary texts. In this respect it might be reasonable to create separate engines for simplifying and adapting texts from diverse spheres of knowledge. Keywords Text Simplification; Natural Language Processing (NLP); Pragmatic Adaptation; Professional Communication; Literary Texts
Integrating Facebook as a Web 2.0 Tool in a Responsive Pedagogy for Multimodal Oral Presentation Skills
Authors: Lee Sze Seau , Azman Hazita
Published: August 2021

Technology both complicates and liberates oral presentation pedagogy in higher education. On one hand, 21st century communication realities require students to deliver multimodal oral presentations but educators have only begun to experiment with the relevant pedagogy. On the other hand, Web 2.0 offers vast pedagogical potential which practitioners have just begun to explore. Confronted by a pedagogical predicament and intrigued by the affordances of Web 2.0, we designed the Responsive Multimodal Oral Presentation Pedagogy (RMO2P) to enhance the learning of multimodal oral presentation skills among EAP (English for Academic Purposes) students. RMO2P integrated Facebook as a Web 2.0 tool with videos, collaborative learning and feedback. A teacher-researcher implemented RMO2P in a public speaking class of 20 EAP students for a semester. Thematic analysis of multiple sources of data which included student artifacts, observational data and inquiry data contributed to the findings. The findings indicated that Facebook was a feasible Web 2.0 tool that can be effectively integrated with other pedagogical techniques. As a result, the participants demonstrated enhanced conceptual knowledge and heightened self-awareness as presenters of multimodal oral presentations. Since Facebook was integrated as a Web 2.0 tool in a responsive method for multimodal oral presentation skills to overcome situational constraints including inadequate learning management systems (LMS), stakeholders who are seeking alternative methods to enhance the teaching of oral presentation skills may adapt the intervention to enhance learning outcomes. Keywords Facebook; multimodal oral presentation skills; pedagogy; higher education; Web 2.0
Reading Glossed Passages in English to Improve Comprehension: An Eye Tracking Study
Authors: Isnin Izzammuddin , Mohd Jaafar Nurjanah
Published: August 2021

Glosses or short explanations of vocabulary items are commonly found in language learning materials. Research that use offline learning measures to examine effects of glosses on learning found that they are useful in facilitating vocabulary acquisition and overall text comprehension. This paper reports a small-scale study that combined an offline measure of learning with online measures of reading behaviour in an attempt to provide a more comprehensive picture of reading and learning with glossed passages. The eye tracking methodology was used to provide insights into the cognitive processing of reading. A group of 15 university undergraduates read four glossed and non-glossed passages in English and answered comprehension questions afterwards. The findings revealed that glossed and non-glossed passages were read differently with readers attempting to integrate glosses and text information in the former. Vocabulary knowledge was found to predict comprehension performance and to some extent, the processing of glosses. The findings also suggest that moderate amount of attention could be more useful for comprehension as too much attention appeared to indicate comprehension difficulties. Suggestions to promote more strategic and useful processing of glossed passages are discussed. Keywords glosses; reading; processing; eye tracking; English as a second language
Nor Faridah’s Wanderings as Female Flâneur in The Art of Naming
Authors: Khaidzir Mohd Fadhli Shah , Hashim Ruzy Suliza , Md. Yusof Noraini
Published: August 2021

Travellers’ enthusiasm can drive them to explore new locations, especially those that are unknown and foreign to their eyes. Nor Faridah Abdul Manaf's anthology of poetry, The Art of Naming (2006) reflects the people and locations that played a significant role in crafting her poems. Using the role of a flâneur, which is closely related to the theory of psychogeography, we investigate how Nor Faridah, as a flâneuse (a female flâneur), wanders and strolls through the places she reconnoiters, and how her mental and behavioural aspects as a human being are affected by her environment. Her poems depict a strong perception, involvement, and representation of images focused on the immediate encounter of the urban cities visited, which serve as valuable pieces of evidence flâneurs while walking. Based on the analysis, the different places visited by the poet exhibit her values of humanity including empathy, generosity and love. Thus, Nor Faridah’s works illuminate the position of flâneur and flâneuse, demonstrating how spaces, contrary to what is thought to be pointless roaming, actually offer insights into understanding relationship between people and their locations. As a consequence, space and position are dialectically organised in human environmental history, since her sense of space is related to the locations she inhabits, which derive meaning from their spatial significance. Keywords Psychogeography; Flâneur; Flâneuse; Place; Nor Faridah Abdul Manaf
The Pronunciation of English Low Vowels by Iraqi EFL Learners: An Intralingual Analysis
Authors: Al Abdely Ammar Abdul-Wahab
Published: August 2021

Iraqi EFL learners of English are reported to show accented pronunciation on the segmental level, which might affect their speech intelligibility. This study aimed to identify problems encountered by Iraqi EFL learners in the production of English low vowels and account for them from an intralingual perspective. The study also aimed to identify the effect of Iraqis' English language proficiency level on their pronunciation of English low vowels. Thus, learners were divided into beginners and advanced groups to determine differences between them based on their proficiency level in English. A production test was conducted to identify error patterns of twenty Iraqi EFL learners in producing low vowels. Learners’ recordings were acoustically analysed to validate the difficulties identified via the production test. Independent-samples t-tests were conducted to identify any significant differences in performance for the two groups. The results showed that learners encountered problems in the production of low vowels, especially /ɒ/, /æ/ and /ʌ/. The study concluded that these problems are probably ascribed to the complexities of the L2 vowel space, where vowels are close to each other and thus difficult to produce. Significant differences were identified between the two groups in terms of error means. Nonetheless, the comparison between the vowel chart obtained in this study and the charts offered in previous studies revealed that Iraqi EFL learners are still far from attaining approximant pronunciation. This requires reconsidering current texts, methodologies, and techniques used in teaching English pronunciation to allocate more attention to spectral differences among vowels. Keywords Low vowels production; Iraqi EFL learners; intralingual analysis; error patterns; acoustic analysis
Linguistic and Discursive Features of Mining News Discourse in the Philippines
Authors: Diamante Jennifier Tabernero , Cadiente Glenda Doroja , Mabuan Romualdo Atibagos
Published: August 2021

The Philippines is one of the mineral-rich countries in the world with an estimated US$840 billion worth of untapped mineral wealth, catapulting the mining industry as a significant economic player providing substantial contribution to the national revenue and generating employment opportunities for the Filipino people. However, the detrimental impact of mining to the country has also been heavily criticized as it causes massive potential destruction to environment and wildlife ecology such as acid mine drainage and contaminant leaching, soil erosion, and tailing impoundments among others. These conflicting interests are reflected in the mining discourses stoked or dimmed by media, which influence the readers’ construal of meanings in the mining texts, social actors’ roles in the mining industry, and the urderlying contexts of the mining reality. Drawing on critical discourse analysis, this study described the linguistic and discursive features of Philippine mining discourse in media texts. The study used 224 news articles published by three online portals within five years. Local news reports and peripheral discourses obtained through interviews with local “symbolic elites” in the identified mining communities and other archival documents supplemented the news texts. The UAM Corpus Tool, a software for linguistic tagging, complemented the manual analysis in identifying the social actor theme. Findings revealed that government actions, economic phenomenon, and political actors are the most prevalent themes in the mining news reports. Moreover, results showed that local news tends to focus more on the mining’s environmental impact, whereas the national news tends to put more premium on the mining’s economic impact. This means that the media allotted a much lesser spatio-temporal space for the environment and Indigenous Peoples’ cause. The findings further invalidate the assumptions that mining discourse is primarily concerned with environmental related issues. Keywords sociolinguistics; discourse studies; critical discourse analysis; discourse themes; Philippine mining discourse
Pseudo-patriotic Undertone of Unity Discourse in Nigeria’s Print Media
Authors: Jibril Ahmed Tanimu , Mohamad Ali Afida , Mohamad Kasim Zalina , Yuit Chan Mei
Published: August 2021

The realisation of genuine national unity within its ethnically diverse society has always been the primary challenge facing Nigeria since its Independence in 1960. This study investigated the discursive recontextualisation of national unity through newspaper congratulatory announcements (NCAs) within Nigeria’s ethnically diverse society, focusing on the pseudopatriotic undertones of the privately sponsored NCAs. Critical discourse analysis (CDA) and the agenda-setting theory informed the theoretical underpinning of the study. The data is drawn from four major dailies, covering the period between 2011 and 2016. Multimodal critical discourse analysis (MCDA) and the visual grammar (VG) are used as analytical methods to examine 97 privately sponsored NCAs. Dominant themes in the NCAs are highlighted along with the type of national unity projected in the NCAs. The analysis revealed that, in the name of promoting unity, private individuals and global conglomerates utilize pseudo acts to boost profits, enhance customer index, and construct their corporate image in the eyes of the ruling regimes and the general public in their host communities. It was also found that the envisioned future of the country as a united reality appears to contradict the common perception and lived experiences of the people. This study is meant to highlight the way certain ideologies are promoted and further interests are realised through the print media in the name of pseudo-patriotism. Further research may investigate comparable representations likely found in other newspaper genres as well as additional semiotic resources such as Nigeria’s Civil War artefacts and monuments, statues, and other national symbols. Keywords Pseudo-patriotism; newspaper congratulatory announcements; unity; multimodal critical discourse analysis; Nigeria
Socio-Political Engagement of Contemporary Javanese Literature
Authors: Margono-Slamet Yosep Bambang
Published: August 2021

This paper analyzes four selected short stories in Javanese literature entitled “Durmogati” by Budianto, “Maju Tatu Mundur Ajur” (“Damned if One Does, Damned if One Doesn’t”) by Budiono, “Bojo” (“Wife”) and “Apik Meneng” (“It’s Better to be Silent”) by Harjono which were all published in 2018. In Indonesia, Javanese literature—together with other regional literatures—is a part of or complimentary to Indonesian literature but it has not received much attention at the national level, let alone at the international level. However, Javanese literature has not been less vocal than Indonesian literature. In this article, I will examine the socio-political engagements of the four short stories in Indonesian society. Using Phillips’ ethnographic approach and Foucault’s theory of power distribution, I will analyze how the four short stories are related to democracy, people’s power, equality, and corruption in Indonesia after the fall of Suharto as the president of Indonesia in 1998. The analysis shows that the four short stories have significant socio-political engagements in the present Indonesia. The authors of the four short stories discussed in this paper show courage to blatantly criticize those who are in power. As such, the discussion of this essay offers fresh insights about contemporary Javanese literature and its role in the socio-political situation of the country. In the end, this essay will show that these four short stories are not only a reflection of Javanese society in particular and that of Indonesia in general but also as expressions of their authors as key informants about their society, i.e., how they see and think about the society in which they live. Keywords Javanese literature; socio-political engagement; democracy; power; equality
Metadiscourse as a Way of Achieving Persuasion in Literary Criticism Texts
Authors: AlJazrawi Dunya , AlJazrawi Zeena
Published: August 2021

This study aims at examining the use of metadiscourse markers in literary criticism texts to identify the role of the reader and how these markers are used to produce more persuasive essays. The data of 72,727 words from 17 texts were written by three well-known authors, namely, T.S. Eliot, Virginia Woolf and Stanley Fish. Hyland’s (2005) model of interpersonal metadiscourse markers was used to analyze the data. The analysis revealed that metadiscourse markers are used by literary critics to create coherent and persuasive texts. It was found out that the theory of criticism adopted by the literary critics does not affect the use of metadiscourse markers only maybe in terms of relying more on logos, ethos or pathos. The results of this study comply with those of previous research showing that metadiscourse markers are frequently used in literary criticism texts. This study will contribute to both the literary genre and the genre of critical essays by identifying the linguistic features to be used to produce more effective and convincing literary criticism texts. It will also help future critics to write more persuasive texts by highlighting the means that enable them to influence their readers and to produce more coherent and convincing texts. Keywords metadiscourse; persuasion; literary criticism; essays; critical theory
Simulation of Power RF GaN Transistors Thermal Parameters in Pulse Mode
Authors:   National Research University of Electronic Technology, Moscow, Zelenograd, Khlybov A.I. , Rodionov D.V. ,   National Research University of Electronic Technology, Moscow, Zelenograd, Panteleev A.I. ,   National Research University of Electronic Technology, Moscow, Zelenograd, Timoshenkov P.V. ,   National Research University of Electronic Technology, Moscow, Zelenograd, Guminov N.V. ,   National Research University of Electronic Technology, Moscow, Zelenograd
Published: September 2021

This paper contains research results of thermal process in power GaN RF transistor in silicon substrate for pulse mode. Thermal mode research was done using computer simulation. Authors developed methodic allows significant decrease computational complexity. The dependences of maximum transistor channel temperature and thermal resistance as function of pulse width (with constant duty cycle) were done. Thermal simulation was done for power GaN RF transistor with overall gate width 2.1 mm.
Development of Aperture and Capacitively Coupled Antennas. Review
Authors:   V. G. Mokerov Institute of ultra high frequency semiconductor of Russian academy of sciences, Moscow, 117105, Russian Federation, Lisitsky A.P. , Maltsev P.P. ,   V. G. Mokerov Institute of ultra high frequency semiconductor of Russian academy of sciences, Moscow, 117105, Russian Federation,   Federal state budgetary educational institution of higher education MIREA — Russian technological University, Moscow, 119454, Russian Federation, Matveenko O.S. ,   V. G. Mokerov Institute of ultra high frequency semiconductor of Russian academy of sciences, Moscow, 117105, Russian Federation,   Federal state budgetary educational institution of higher education MIREA — Russian technological University, Moscow, 119454, Russian Federation, Mikhalev A.O. ,   Federal state budgetary educational institution of higher education MIREA — Russian technological University, Moscow, 119454, Russian Federation, Trofimov A.A. ,   V. G. Mokerov Institute of ultra high frequency semiconductor of Russian academy of sciences, Moscow, 117105, Russian Federation, Skrinsky V.R. ,   Federal state budgetary educational institution of higher education MIREA — Russian technological University, Moscow, 119454, Russian Federation
Published: September 2021

Described are examples of realization and patented varieties of aperture-coupled antennas.
Analysis of efficiency of feed pump control by changing rotation of rotor for power plants of various types
Authors: Ledukhovsky G.V. , Gorshenin S.D. , Zinovyeva E.V. , Zinovyeva A.S.
Published: September 2021

The type of power plant feed pump drive is selected in the course of a feasibility study. Domestic experience is based on recommendations that have been obtained in the middle of the last century when fuel was relatively cheap. These recommendations are currently being revised. Manufacturers of technological tools of pumps frequency control offer to install fluid couplings, variable frequency electric drives or drive turbines for power plants of various types. At the same time, they declare the high efficiency of such solutions. But the effect is often calculated based on energy savings indicators for the pump drive without considering changes of the operating modes of other equipment of the power plant. An urgent task is a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of the measures under consideration. This assessment should consider the objective parameters and modes of facilities operation, as well as interrelation of power electricity cost for own needs and loads of the basic equipment. To determine the technical effect of application of various methods of frequency control of feed pumps, models are used that are developed on the individual basis for each power plant based on the energy characteristics of the equipment. These models include algorithms for heat and electrical balances. Operational characteristics of the feed pumps and performance assessment are calculated according to the known techniques. Based on a unified methodological approach, the authors have developed mathematical models of condensing power supply units and combined heat and power plants for an initial pressure of 12,8 MPa. These models make it possible to determine the effect of frequency control of feed pumps based on data for real time in operation considering the interrelation of power electricity cost for own needs and loads of the basic equipment. Calculation of index of performance of application of various means of frequency control of feed pump performance have been carried out. It is revealed that to assess the efficiency of application of technological tools of frequency control of feed pumps, it is of decisive importance to consider the experience of equipment load, load schedules, the interrelation of power electricity cost for own needs and loads of the basic equipment. No general recommendations to use certain methods of feed pumps control are applicable, when conducting such an assessment.
Sosyal Bilgiler Dersi Öğretim Programı ve Ders Kitaplarının 21. Yüzyıl Becerileri Bağlamında İncelenmesi
Authors: DEMİR Adem Yusuf , ÖZYURT Melike
Published: August 2021

Günümüzde öğrencilerin bilişsel alandaki gelişimlerinin yanı sıra bazı beceriler açısından gelişmesi de oldukça önemli görülmektedir. 21. yüzyılın gereklerine uygun beceriler ile bireyleri donatmak birçok ülkede eğitimin temel hedefleri arasındadır. Bu kapsamda çeşitli kurum ve kuruluşlar tarafından 21. yüzyıl becerileri tanımlanmış ve eğitim programlarında bu becerilerin geliştirilmesine yönelik planlamalara yer verilmiştir. Bu araştırmada 2019-2020 eğitim öğretim yılında Türkiye’de uygulanmakta olan sosyal bilgiler dersi öğretim programının kazanımları ile ders kitabında yer alan etkinlik ve soruların 21.yüzyıl becerileri bağlamında incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Nitel araştırma yönteminin kullanıldığı araştırmada veriler doküman incelemesi tekniği ile elde edilmiş, betimsel analiz uygulanarak çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında incelen dokümanlar sosyal bilgiler dersi öğretim programı kazanımları (4,5,6 ve7.sınıf) ve MEB sosyal bilgiler dersi kitaplarında (4,5,6 ve 7. sınıf) yer alan etkinlik ve sorulardır. Araştırma sonucunda; kazanım, etkinlik ve soruların sınırlı sayıda 21. yüzyıl becerisinin geliştirilmesine yönelik olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kazanım, etkinlik ve sorular en çok eleştirel düşünme ve problem çözme becerilerinin gelişimine yöneliktir. Araştırmada ayrıca programda ve kitaplarda 21. yüzyıl becerilerinden esneklik ve uyum, liderlik ve sorumluluk gibi becerilerin geliştirilmesine yönelik kazanım, etkinlik ve soruların yer almadığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu bulgular ışığında sosyal bilgiler ders kitapları ve öğretim programının öğrencilerin 21.yüzyıl becerilerinin geliştirilmesine yönelik zenginleştirilmesi ve 21. yüzyıl becerileri açısından kapsayıcı nitelik kazandırılması önerilmektedir.
Türk Müziğinde Taksim İcra Etmeye Yönelik Tutum Ölçeğinin Geliştirilmesi
Authors: KEKLİK KAL Funda , GEBOLOĞLU Banu , ALATLI Betül
Published: August 2021

Bu çalışmada, Türk müziği eğitimi veren lisans düzeyindeki devlet konservatuvarlarında, Türk sanat müziği enstrümanı icrâ eden 3. ve 4. sınıf öğrencilerinin taksim icrâsına ilişkin tutumlarını belirlemek için bir ölçek geliştirmek amaçlanmış ve tarama modelinden faydalanılmıştır. Ayrıca Türk müziğinde taksim icrâ etmeye yönelik geliştirilen bu ölçek, geçerliği ve güvenirliği test edilmiş ve bu alanda yapılmış iki çalışmadan ilki olması özelliği ile de Türk müziği alanına sağlayacağı katkı bakımından önem arz etmektedir.

Ölçeğin 59 maddelik deneme formu, random seçilen 15 üniversitede öğrenim gören toplam 307 öğrenci üzerinde uygulanmıştır. Yapı geçerliğini saptayabilmek amacı ile yapılan açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda ölçek 32 maddelik nihai formuna ulaşmıştır. Elde edilen veriler ölçek geliştirme sürecinin aşamalarına uygun olarak analiz edilmiştir. Ölçeğin tamamına ait Cronbach alfa iç tutarlılık güvenirlik katsayısı 0,919, test-tekrar-test güvenirlik katsayısı ise r=0,66, p
Meslek Yüksekokullarında Öğrenim Gören Öğrencilerin Uzaktan Eğitime Yönelik Tutumları
Authors: GÖLDAĞ Battal
Published: August 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Meslek yüksekokullarında öğrenim gören öğrencilerin uzaktan eğitime yönelik tutumlarının belirlenmesidir. Araştırmada nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden betimsel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini 2020–2021 eğitim-öğretim yılı bahar döneminde Malatya İnönü Üniversitesine bağlı meslek yüksekokullarında öğrenim gören öğrenciler oluşturmaktadır. Örnekleme araştırmaya gönüllü olarak katılan 723 öğrenci dâhil edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin uzaktan eğitime yönelik tutumlarını belirlemek için Ağır, Gür ve Okçu tarafından geliştirilmiş “Uzaktan Eğitime Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Veriler normal dağılım gösterdiği için, betimleyici analizler (ortalama ve standart sapma) ile parametrik analizler olan bağımsız gruplar için t-testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi testi (ANOVA) kullanılarak test edilmiştir. Anlamlılık düzeyi p
Derlem Temelli Bir Karşılaştırma: 4. Sınıf Türkçe Ders Kitaplarının Söz Varlığı Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: KAN M. Onur , KARADAVUT Zeynep
Published: August 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı (MEB) Yayınları ve Koza Yayınları’na ait ilkokul 4. sınıf Türkçe ders kitaplarının söz varlığı, ortak söz varlığı ve bu ders kitaplarında Aksan vd. tarafından hazırlanan Türkçe Sıklık Sözlüğü’ne göre Türkçenin en sık kullanılan 1000 sözcüğüne hangi oranda yer verildiğini belirlemektir. Tarama modelinde tasarlanan araştırmanın verilerinin toplanmasında doküman analizi tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler, içerik analizi tekniği ile çözümlenmiştir.

Koza Yayınları ders kitabındaki metinlerde, MEB Yayınları ders kitabındakilere kıyasla, toplam sözcük sayısı (sırasıyla 9650; 8153) ve farklı sözcük sayısının (sırasıyla 1910; 1833) daha çok olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte, sözcük hazinesi katsayısı Koza Yayınları ders kitabında MEB Yayınları ders kitabına göre daha az olarak (sırasıyla 0.20; 0.23) bulgulanmıştır.

Çalışmada farklı yayınevleri tarafından hazırlanan 4. sınıf Türkçe ders kitaplarındaki metinlerin %50 civarında (MEB Yayınları %54.8; Koza Yayınları % 52.6) ortak sözcük içerdiği belirlenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında incelenen Türkçe ders kitaplarındaki metinlerde Türkçede en sık kullanılan 1000 sözcüğe yaklaşık %70 oranında (MEB Yayınları %69; Koza Yayınları %69.7) yer verildiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Okul Müdürleri ve Öğretmenlerin Bakış Açısıyla Okul Müdürlerinin 21. Yüzyıl Becerileri
Authors: ÇEVİK Abdullah , DEMİRTAŞ Hasan
Published: August 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı öğretmen ve okul müdürlerinin görüşlerine göre okul müdürlerinin 21. Yüzyıl beceri düzeylerinin belirlenmesidir. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgubilim desenine göre yürütülen araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, 2020-2021 eğitim öğretim yılında Kahramanmaraş ilinde görev yapan 18 öğretmen ve 11 okul müdürü oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu aracılığıyla toplanan veriler içerik analizi tekniği kullanılarak deşifre edilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda; okul müdürlerinin öğrenme ve yenilenme becerileri altında yer alan problem çözme becerilerinin yüksek, mesleki ve kişisel yönden kendini geliştirme düzeylerinin ise düşük olduğu görülmüştür. Bunun yanında okul müdürlerinin etkili iletişim kurabildikleri ancak bu iletişim becerilerini, öğretmenleri iş birliğine yönlendirici takım çalışması doğrultusunda kullanamadıkları görülmüştür. Okul müdürlerinin yaşam ve kariyer becerileri altında yer alan esneklik ve uyum konusunda değişime ayak uydurabildikleri ancak aynı beceri altında yer alan değişimi yönetme ve zaman yönetimi noktasında eksikliklerinin olduğu görülmüştür. Okul müdürlerinin öğretmen görüşlerine göre liderlikten ziyade yöneticilik özellikleri gösterdikleri ve süreçten çok sonuca odaklandıkları görülmüştür. Son olarak okul müdürlerinin bilgi, medya ve iletişim teknolojileri becerilerinin de öğretmen ve kendi görüşlerine göre yeterli düzeyde olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.