bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hypolipidemic and Antioxidants Properties of Methanol Leaf Extract of Laportea aestuans on Androgen-Induced Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Wistar Rats
Authors: Onyeabo C. , Achi K.N. , Anyiam P.N. , Okon O.N. , Egedigwe-Ekeleme C.A. , Salvador E.M. , Okechukwu J.N.
Published: February 2022

Background: Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) is an age-related disease characterized by enlargement of the prostate gland and its associated complications.

Objectives: Phytochemicals responsible for hypolipidemic and antioxidants effects of leaf extract of Laportea aestuans in androgen-induced BPH Wistar rats were evaluated.

Methods: Thirty (30) male Wistar rats were divided into five groups of 6 rats each. BPH was induced by subcutaneous injection of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and estradiol-valerate (10:1) daily for 28 days. The diseased control and drug control groups were given subcutaneous olive oil and oral finasteride (5 mg/kg.bw) respectively after induction of BPH. Rats in the test groups were given 50 and 100 mg/kg.bw of the extract orally for 28 days respectively, following disease induction. The lethal dose LD50 and antioxidants activity of plant extracts, lipid profile and prostate specific antigen (PSA) level of the rats were assayed using standard biochemical tests.

Results: Secondary metabolites detected were alkaloids (20.11±0.07 mg/kg), tannins (1.32±0.21), and saponins (11.41±0.14). PSA level was significantly decreased (P<0.05) when compared with the diseased control. The lipid profile assay revealed a significant (P<0.05) reduction in Triacylglycerol (62%), Cholesterol (27%) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) (19%) but high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration increased by 41%. The extracts also improved SOD (26%), catalase (38%) and reduced glutathione (36%) levels but reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) level by 28%.

Conclusion: These findings therefore provide a scientific evidence for the traditional use of L. aestuans in the management of complications associated with BPH which could be a function of the various phytochemicals detected in the plant.
Effect of Mucuna pruriens (Linn.) on Global Cerebral Ischemia-induced Motor Incoordination
Authors: Nayak Vanishri S. , Pai KSR , Nayak Sunil S. , Kumar Nitesh , Bangera Hemalatha
Published: February 2022

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of Mucuna pruriens on ischemia-induced motor incoordination.

Methods: Male Wistar rats were used in this study were divided into eight groups of six rats each. The bilateral common carotid artery (BCA) was occluded to induce global cerebral ischemia. Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) was used as a vehicle for this while quercetin was used as the standard. The rats were fed with the methanol plant extract of Mucuna pruriens (MP) seeds for ten days. The treatment groups include treatment plus BCA occlusion. Various behavioral parameters such as locomotor activity, motor coordination, spatial learning, and cerebral infarction area were evaluated.

Results: A decline in locomotor activity, motor coordination, and spatial learning was observed in the ischemia-induced Wistar rats. The group treated with Mucuna pruriens showed significant protection against brain damage when compared with negative control group.

Conclusion: Mucuna pruriens provides effective neuroprotective activity in BCA occlusion-induced cerebral ischemia in rats, and thus a potential therapeutic agent for the clinical management of cerebral ischemia.
Sensitive and rapid spectrophotometric methods for sertraline monitoring in pharmaceutical formulations
Authors: Sayqal Ali , Saber Amr Lotfy
Published: February 2022

Purpose: To develop simple, rapid, and selective spectrophotometric methods for the assay of sertraline in a pharmaceutical formulation.

Method: These methods depend on the formation of colored ion-pair complexes between the drug and five different reagents; methyl blue (MB), bromophenol red (BPR), methyl green (MG), phenol red (PR), and methyl orange (MO) in B-R buffer solutions of pH ranging from 2.0 – 8.0. The colored products were measured at 668, 747, 647, 717, and 553 nm, respectively.

Results: The calibration graphs were linear over the concentration range of 2 – 18 μg/mL for MB and BPR, and 2 – 16 μg/mL for MG, PR, and MO. In all cases, the reaction stoichiometry was 1:1. The proposed methods were successfully applied to solid-dose pharmaceutical preparations (tablets). Excipients in the commercial formulation did not interfere with the analysis.

Conclusion: The investigated methods can be recommended for routine analysis and quality control where cost-effectiveness, high specificity of the analytical technique, and time are of great importance.
MiR-21 inhibits the proliferation of childhood cholesteatoma glioma cells by negatively regulating the expressions of PTEN and PDCD4
Authors: Chen Xiaozhen , Xiao Fei , Dong Shanwu , Chen Yongli , Wang Jiwu
Published: February 2022

Purpose: To determine the effect of MiR-21 on the proliferation of glioma cells in children with cholesteatoma, and the pathway involved.

Methods: Cholesteatoma tissues from children with cholesteatoma in Otology Department of our hospital were isolated, extracted and cultured in serum-free medium of keratinocytes. The experiment comprised three groups: negative control group, blank control group and miR-21 inhibition group. Cell cycle and cell proliferation were analyzed. mRNA and protein expressions of phosphatase tension homologue (PTEN) and programmed cell death factor-4 (PDCD4) were determined.

Results: The proliferation of CK cells in miR-21 group was significantly lower than that in negative control and blank control groups (p < 0.05). The proportion of CK cells at G0/G1 phase in miR-21 inhibition group was significantly higher than those in negative control and blank control groups (p < 0.05). The protein and mRNA expression levels of PTEN and PDCD4 in CK in miR-21 group were significantly higher than those in negative control and blank control groups (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Inhibition of miR-21 slows down cell proliferation to some extent, and induces apoptosis of cholesteatoma cells by inducing cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase via a mechanism linked to the negative regulation of expressions of PTEN and PDCD4. Thus, MiR-21 can be used as potential target for the drug of treatment of children with cholesteatoma.
Awareness, perceptions and attitudes towards complementary and alternative medicine in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional and comparative study of students of healthcare professions
Authors: Khan Aslam , Ahmed Mohamed E. , Aldarmahi Ahmed , Al Shaikh Adnan , Feroz Zeeshan , Rehman Dur-e-Shahwar , Memon Ismail , Subahi Ahmad M. , Zaidi Syed F.
Published: February 2022

Purpose: To investigate health professions student’s awareness, attitude, and perception towards the complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) and also to determine the influence of socio- demographic variables on the descriptive outcomes of this study.

Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, comparative study was conducted among Undergraduate Health Professions Students (n=398) at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences at Riyadh campus, through a validated questionnaire.

Results: The results of the study revealed that among various modalities of CAM, most students were aware and used prayers/spirituality, followed by nutritional supplements, cupping, massage, herbal medicine and yoga. The least effective modality was aromatherapy, whereas the most harmful modality was acupuncture. The data showed that the students obtained more information from friends/relatives and media and less from formal CAM training/courses. Awareness/self-use and beliefs/attitudes were found to have significant associations (p < 0.05) in regard to gender, parent’s educational level, and family income.

Conclusion: The study shows that most of the healthcare students are aware of and demonstrate positive attitudes towards the effectiveness and safety of most CAM modalities. However, the lack of formal training or courses is a major barrier towards its use and practice.
Regulatory mechanism of miR-146a on MPTP-induced neuroinflammation in mice with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Cao Xuqing , Guo Jiangtao , Mochizuki Hidek , Shi Zhimin , Zhang Peilan , Liu Zhimei , Zhang Tao , Qi Jinxi , Xu Dong
Published: February 2022

Purpose: To study the regulatory influence of microRNA-146a (miR-146a) on 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced neuroinflammation in mice with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods: Forty specific pathogen-free (SPF) male C57BL/6 mice were divided into 2 groups: normal control and PD groups. The 2 groups were each divided into 2 subgroups: miR-146a inhibitor and inhibitor control groups. The mRNA and protein expressions of miR-146a, interleukin-1 receptor- associated kinase-1 (IRAK-1) and P65-NF-κB were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunoblot assay, respectively. Levels of interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and TNF-α were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results: The level of expression of miR-146a was significantly and time-dependently increased in PD mice, relative to control (p < 0.05). In PD group, mRNA and protein expressions of IRAK-1 were markedly higher in miR-146a inhibitor group than in inhibitor control (p < 0.05). Protein expression of P65-NF-κB was significantly upregulated in brains of PD mice, relative to normal mice (p < 0.05). Moreover, IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α levels were significantly higher in brains of PD mice than in control.

Conclusion: These results show the involvement of miR-146a in the etiology of PD, and that its regulation of neuroinflammation occurs via inhibition of IRAK1 gene expression. This finding may be useful in the development of new anti-PD drugs based on miR-146a.
Ruscogenin protects against cisplatin-induced apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress of renal tubular epithelial cells
Authors: Yu Yean , Feng Baohong , Yan Li , Bi Zhimin , Zhu Geli , Jiang Fen
Published: February 2022

Purpose: To determine the potential effect of ruscogenin in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.

Methods: Rat renal tubular epithelial cells (NRK-52E) were treated with 50 μM cisplatin to establish an in vitro cell model of nephrotoxicity. Cytotoxicity was assessed by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay, flow cytometry, and western blot. Different concentrations of ruscogenin (2.5, 5, and 10 μM) were incubated with cisplatin-treated NRK-52E cells. Alterations in the nod-like receptor family, the pyrin domain-containing protein (NLRP3) inflammasome, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and nuclear factor erythropoietin-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) components were determined using western blot. Flow cytometry was also used to investigate the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Results: Ruscogenin significantly increased cell viability (p < 0.01) and suppressed apoptosis of NRK- 52E cells (p < 0.01), attenuating cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity. The NLRP3 inflammasome was activated in cisplatin-treated NRK-52E cells with enhanced NLRP3, interleukin 1 beta, and cleaved caspase-1; however, ruscogenin significantly decreased the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome components (p < 0.01). Ruscogenin attenuated cisplatin-induced expression of TLR4, myeloid differentiation primary response 88, and NF-κB. Further, cisplatin induction enhanced ROS formation, with increased malondialdehyde and decreased glutathione reductase and catalase levels. Ruscogenin attenuated cisplatin-induced ROS accumulation in NRK-52E cells through up-regulation of Nrf2 and HO-1.

Conclusion: Ruscogenin protects against cisplatin-induced apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in renal tubular epithelial cells via suppression of TLR4/NF-κB activation and promotion of Nrf2/HO-1 activation. Therefore, ruscogenin provides a potential therapeutic strategy for mitigating cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
Hooded Vultures at an abattoir in Kigali, Rwanda
Authors: Friedman Bonnie
Published: February 2022

No Abstract.
A new contribution on the distribution of the rare Veronica scardica Griseb. (Plantaginaceae) in Croatia
Authors: Rimac Anja , Šegota Vedran , Borovečki-Voska Ljiljana
Published: February 2022

After being reported in Croatia for the first time in 2003, two new localities of the rare species Veronica scardica are presented in this paper. Accompanying species and corresponding vegetation are given for both localities. Additionally, morphological characters useful in distinguishing the similar taxa of the section Beccabunga are summarized.
Distribution, habitat preferences and status of Thladiantha dubia Bunge (Cucurbitaceae) in Croatia
Authors: Rimac Anja , Šegota Vedran , Prlić Dragan , Doboš Marko
Published: February 2022

Two previously known localities of Thladiantha dubia in Zagreb (Botanical Garden of Faculty of Science and Savica) were confirmed and four new localities (village Medinci near Slatina, Lateral Channel Adžamovka near Vrbova, village Zvonimirovo and channel Stara Savica in Zagreb) were recorded between 2015 and 2020. In Medinci and Zvonimirovo, male populations were registered, while in all other localities female populations of Th. dubia were discovered flowering and bearing seedless fruits. Since there were no mixed populations found, and specific pollinators of this dioecious and entomophilous species are absent from Europe, the fruits are most likely parthenocarpic. According to our observations, Th. dubia can be classified as a naturalized, non-invasive alien weed in Croatia.
Recent data on rare endemic Grafia golaka (Hacq.) Rchb. (Apiaceae) in Croatia
Authors: Šegota Vedran , Borovečki-Voska Ljiljana , Buzjak Suzana , Vrbek Mirjana , Surina Boštjan , Alegro Antun
Published: February 2022

The last record of Grafia golaka, a very rare relict umbellifer of disjunct Apennine-Dinaric distribution was latest reported from Croatia back in 1904. During our survey, this endemic was found on seven new localities in Gorski Kotar, in altitudinal range between 1273 and 1421 m a.s.l. It was recorded in altimontan-subalpine altitudinal belt within beech forest, in forest clearings and along forest fringes, in dwarf willow shrub as well as within the sinkhole vegetation.
The effects of mining tailings and flood pulse on zooplankton in an Amazonian floodplain environment (Batata Lake, Pará, Brazil)
Authors: Sodré Elder De Oliveira , Lopes Paloma Marinho , Figueiredo-Barros Marcos Paulo , Roland Fábio , Esteves Francisco De Assis , Bozelli Reinaldo Luiz
Published: February 2022

The flood pulse, as well as anthropogenic impacts, may shape the patterns of zooplankton communities. We evaluated the influence of bauxite tailings and water levels on zooplankton at sampling times precisely defined according to the water level. Our study area was Batata Lake, an Amazonian floodplain lake impacted by bauxite tailings. Zooplankton was sampled for seven years, four times a year, at two stations, one natural and the other impacted by bauxite tailings. Zooplankton was identified to the lowest possible taxonomic level. Differences in richness and densities between periods and stations were evaluated with a two-way ANOVA. An indicator species analysis was performed to assign species to sampling stations. Community richness was lower at low water and higher at high water, whereas densities showed the opposite result. Only one species was identified as an indicator, highlighting that the zooplankton composition in natural and impacted areas was similar. Densities were also similar at these stations, except for cladocerans, which showed higher densities at the impacted station. The use of samples taken at precisely defined flood pulse periods yielded expected but refined results, as the samples were based on a precise relationship with water levels that previous studies did not include.
Riqueza e relação dos fungos poroides lignolíticos (Agaricomycetes) com o substrato em floresta da Amazônia brasileira
Authors: Medeiros Priscila Sanjuan de , Cattanio José Henrique
Published: February 2022

Estudos indicam que a diversidade de fungos de uma área é afetada diretamente pela idade da floresta, pela composição vegetal e pela qualidade do substrato. No entanto, a relação dos fungos poroides com substrato em florestas tropicais ainda não está muito clara. Com o objetivo de avaliar a riqueza e a densidade de fungos poroides lignolíticos e a sua relação com o substrato lenhoso em uma floresta do bioma Amazônia, foram realizadas quatro coletas em dez transectos de 800 x 4 m em um dos sítios do Programa de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade da Amazônia (PPBio), na Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã (Pará). Foram registradas 52 espécies de fungos poroides lignolíticos, classificadas em 20 gêneros e seis famílias. A maioria (61,5%) das espécies encontradas foi considerada rara, não apresentando preferência por nenhum dos estágios de decomposição. O número de ocorrência de basidiomas e de espécies de fungos foi maior em troncos de plantas das famílias Caesalpiniaceae e Mimosaceae, e em substrato com diâmetro entre dois e dez centímetros. Concluiu-se que a comunidade de fungos poroides da área de estudo está sendo afetada pela quantidade, mas não pela qualidade do substrato.
Estudo taxonômico de Ruprechtia C.A. Mey. (Polygonaceae) no Brasil
Authors: De Melo Efigênia
Published: February 2022

É apresentado aqui o estudo taxonômico do gênero Ruprechtia C.A. Mey. (Polygonaceae) para o Brasil. Este gênero é americano e possui 37 espécies distribuídas desde o sul do México até a Argentina e o Uruguai. Ele é composto por plantas arbóreas, arbustivas, escandentes ou lianas, com folhas alternas e ócreas na base do pecíolo. Os resultados apresentados foram baseados nos caracteres morfológicos analisados nas coleções de herbários nacionais e estrangeiros, além de trabalhos de campo, a fim de observar as populações em seu ambiente natural. O tratamento taxonômico inclui atualização nomenclatural, sinonimizações, descrições morfológicas, comentários sobre a distribuição geográfica e ilustrações para a maioria das espécies. São reconhecidas 15 espécies e dois novos sinônimos propostos, além da ampliação da área de distribuição para quatro espécies.
Solos metalíferos: atributos químicos nas diferentes fitofisionomias da Serra Sul, Serra dos Carajás, Pará, Brasil
Authors: Vasconcelos Josemar Moreira , Silva Júnior Mário Lopes da , Ruivo Maria de Lourdes Pinheiro , Schaefer Carlos Ernesto G. R. , Rodrigues Possidônio Guimarães , Souza Gisele Teixeira de , Nascimento Dryelle de Nazaré Oliveira do , Bezerra Kelly Cristina Alves , Dias Yan Nunes
Published: February 2022

As diferentes fitofisionomias que ocorrem nas formações ricas em ferro – i.e., platô sobre canga ferrífera da Floresta Nacional de Carajás, conhecida como Serra Sul, localizada no sudoeste do estado do Pará – apresentam vegetação peculiar rica em endemismos, estando atualmente submetidas à pressão da mineração, as quais, contudo, são pouco pesquisadas. Nesse sentido, o objetivo do estudo foi identificar os atributos químicos que se correlacionam nas diferentes fisionomias de canga. Realizou-se amostragem de solo com profundidade variando de 0,05 a 0,20 m, pois a canga hematítica forma grandes blocos duros de minérios, o que varia nas diferentes fitofisionomias: campo rupestre aberto (CR.AB), campo rupestre arbustivo (CR.AR), capão florestal (CF), mata de encosta (ME), mata de buritizais (MB) e capão florestal lacustre (CFL). Avaliou-se pH, carbono orgânico, nitrogênio total, fósforo disponível, potássio, cálcio, magnésio, sódio, alumínio trocável, capacidade de troca catiônica, soma de bases, saturação por bases e saturação de alumínio. Os resultados foram analisados por meio da estatística uni e multivariada. Os solos das fisionomias estudadas apresentaram acidez elevada e níveis muito baixos de fósforo, potássio, magnésio e cálcio. A análise multivariada permitiu uma clara diferenciação entre quatro grupos distintos associados à fertilidade do solo: 1) CR.AR, CF, CFL; 2) ME; 3) MB e 4) CR.AB.
Catalogue of Inbiomyiidae (Diptera, Carnoidea)
Authors: Pereira-Colavite Alessandre , Mello Ramon Luciano
Published: February 2022

The first catalogue of the Inbiomyiidae (Diptera, Carnoidea) is presented. The family includes 11 described species in the single genus Inbiomyia Buck, known from Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru and Venezuela. Four unnamed species, from Guatemala, Honduras, Ecuador and Bolivia, are listed. Information about author, year of publication, page number, type genus, type species, type locality, geographical distribution and references are given to the categories of family, genus and species. Referential maps are included to all described species.
Impacts of experimental drought on community structure and floristic composition of tree saplings in a lowland tropical rainforest in Eastern Amazonia
Authors: Ferreira Leandro Valle , Cunha Denise De Andrade , Parolin Pia , Costa Antônio Carlos Lôla da
Published: February 2022

In order to test the effect of the lower availability of water for vegetation in a tropical Amazonian forest, a long-term research project was created in 2001 called Projeto Seca Floresta (ESECAFLOR). The main objective of the project is to determine how a significant reduction of the available water in the soil, in the long term, can affect the biota. The ESECAFLOR consists of two 1-hectare plots, the experimental plot is covered with 6,000 plastic panels reducing precipitation by 50%. The objective of this work is to compare the floristic and plant structure (< 2 meters high) between the experimental and control of ESECAFLOR plots. There was a significant reduction in species richness and diversity, plant density and height, and a significant change in species composition between experimental plot compared to control. The plant community clearly responded to the reduction of soil moisture in the experimental plot, corroborating the results of some climate models that say rainfall reduction in the Amazon will negatively affect the plant community.
A importância do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisa do Pantanal para o conhecimento e a preservação do bioma Pantanal e o entendimento de suas interações ecológicas
Authors: Ruivo Maria de Lourdes Pinheiro , Silva Carolina Joana da
Published: February 2022

Introdução
Mineralogy and chemical composition of lithic artefacts for characterization of raw materials and provenance in archaeological sites of Salobo, Carajás, Pará, Brazil
Authors: Pantoja Heliana Mendes , Da Costa Marcondes Lima , Da Silveira Maura Imazio , Rodet Maria Jacqueline , Angélica Rômulo , Paz Simone , Rodrigues Suyanne Flávia Santos
Published: February 2022

The Carajás Mineral Province is home to several archaeological sites, each with numerous stone artefacts elaborated in diferente materials. We studied the morphology, mineralogy, and chemistry of lithic artefacts recovered at the archaeological sites in the impacted area of the Solobo copper and gold mine in the Carajás Mineral Province. The results obtained from XRD, XRF and SEM/EDS analyses show that the starting material used was a semi-hard kaolin (semi-flint) that consisted of kaolinite, cryptocrystalline quartz, florencite, sericite, and hematite. This suggests that the same source of raw materials was involved and that this possibly reflected preference for this material. Additionally, the hardness of this raw material probably allowed the artefacts to be elaborated with ease. The mineralogical and chemical results, combined with characteristics of the artefacts' morphology and texture, indicate a relation among the archaeological sites. Similar material to that used in the production of the Solobo artefacts was found in the Alto Bonito amethyst mines that are located 40 km to the north. This site is therefore considered as the source of the raw material used for these artefacts. Finally, this indication is supported by the association of the abundant rock crystal chips and amethyst with the semi-hard kaolin present at the Alto Bonito mine.
A A review of bioactive compounds produced by endophytic fungi associated with medicinal plants
Authors: Soares Deyze Alencar , Rosa Luiz Henrique , Da Silva Juliana Fonseca Moreira , Pimenta Raphael Sanzio
Published: February 2022

Interest in exploring endophytic fungi has increased in recent years, especially those associated with medicinal plants, reflecting the great potential of these microorganisms for the production of bioactive substances. Medicinal plants shelter a high diversity of endophytes that represent targets for use in biotechnological processes. These fungi synthetize several compounds that can be used in pharmaceutical, agricultural and other industries. Additionally, endophytes produce many bioactive metabolites involved in host-endophyte symbiosis, such as those that increase resistance to stressful conditions, alter physiological properties, and produce phytohormones, toxins, antimicrobial compounds and medicinal substances, immunosuppressants, antitumoral agents, and other biotechnological substances of interest, such as enzymes. In this review, information regarding plant interactions with endophytes is highlighted, contributing to a better understanding of this association, benefits and potential for biotechnological utilization.
In vitro propagation and seedling acclimatization of Caesalpinia ferrea Mart., a valuable medicinal plant in the Amazon (Fabaceae)
Authors: Da Silva Daniel , Imakawa Angela Maria , Bruno Flavio Mauro Souza , Costa Suely De Souza , Sampaio Paulo de Tarso Barbosa
Published: February 2022

The objective of this work was to establish a protocol for the rapid in vitro multiplication of Caesalpinia ferrea Mart., aimed at genetic selection and in vitro germplasm conservation. Seeds treated in different sodium hypochlorite solution concentrations were inoculated in Murashige and Skoog (MS) culture medium and maintained in a growth room. After 30 days, sodium hypochlorite at 0.25% concentration resulted in 96.67% survival and 90% germination of the seeds. In the explants multiplication phase three types of medium culture were evaluated supplemented with cytokinins and auxins in different concentrations and combinations. The addiction of 0.1 mg·L-1 Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.1 mg·L-1 Indole butyric acid (IBA) induced 100% of explants with shoots and 32% with root formation, while a complete absence of callus was found. It was observed that 90% of explants derived from the buds developed shoots with 2.73 cm and greater multiplication rate (10.06). The seedlings obtained from in vitro multiplication were acclimated without the presence of roots in different types of substrate. After 60 days, soil substrate was most indicated for acclimatization, showing 63.33% of healthy and uniform plants. In vitro propagation of C. ferrea allows the establishment and multiplication of in vitro seedlings from nodal segments and axillary buds.
O Sítio de Pesquisas de Longa Duração (PELD) da Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã, Estação Científica Ferreira Penna, Caxiuanã
Authors: Ferreira Leandro Valle
Published: February 2022

Introdução
Fishes of Caxiuanã National Forest: 20 years (1993 to 2012) of sampling in a protected area in the Eastern Amazon
Authors: Freitas Tiago Magalhães da Silva , Prudente Bruno Da Silveira , De Freitas Danielly Torres Hashiguti , Benone Naraiana Loureiro , Dutra Guilherme Moreira , Montag Luciano Fogaça de Assis
Published: February 2022

A bacia amazônica possui a maior diversidade de peixes de água doce do mundo, mas ainda é insatisfatoriamente conhecida quanto ao número real de espécies. Este estudo objetiva produzir uma lista atualizada de espécies de peixes da Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã (FLONA Caxiuanã), uma das poucas áreas protegidas da Amazônia Oriental. Dados referentes a 20 anos (1993 a 2012) de amostragem foram compilados da coleção ictiológica do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi e de inventários previamente publicados. Um total de 211 espécies de peixes pertencentes a 44 famílias e a 13 ordens foi identificado para a FLONA. Characiformes foi a ordem mais rica, com 80 espécies (representando 38% do total), seguido por Siluriformes (56 espécies, 27%), Perciformes (33 espécies, 16%) e Gymnotiformes (21 espécies, 10%). Do total da diversidade de peixes registrada, quase 40% representam novos registros, com maior incremento de espécies no ano de 2004 e menor incremento médio de espécies nos últimos anos de amostragem. Portanto, registros de espécies adicionais ainda podem ser obtidos se estudos na região relacionados à ictiofauna empregarem diferentes técnicas e apetrechos de coleta e forem realizados em diferentes microhabitats.
Influência do pulso de inundação nos aspectos ecológicos de um peixe iliófago da Amazônia Oriental, Brasil
Authors: Ayres-Santos Bruno , Freitas Tiago Magalhães da Silva , Montag Luciano Fogaça de Assis
Published: February 2022

O objetivo do estudo foi descrever aspectos ecológicos do peixe iliófago Cyphocharax abramoides, na Amazônia Oriental, Brasil, a respeito da variação da ingestão de matéria orgânica (OCC), do padrão de crescimento e do fator de condição (K). Os valores de OCC presentes nos conteúdos estomacais dos peixes foram obtidos a cada dois meses e avaliados pelo teste de Kruskal-Wallis. O padrão de crescimento foi obtido por meio da equação da relação peso-comprimento. A variação bimestral dos valores de K também foi avaliada pelo teste Kruskal-Wallis. Os resultados evidenciam diferenças nos valores de OCC ao longo do período estudado, com menores valores no período de seca e maiores valores na enchente. O padrão de crescimento foi alométrico positivo (b > 3). Os valores de K também variaram ao longo do estudo, o que sugere diferentes períodos de atividades fisiológicas. Os resultados também sugerem que as mudanças nesses parâmetros podem ser associadas às variações físicas no ambiente, em função do pulso de inundação. Esse estudo incrementa o nosso conhecimento sobre a relação entre espécies e ambiente, tornando-se relevante em uma região de alta biodiversidade e poucos estudos biológicos, como a Amazônia.
Checklist dos fungos da Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã, Pará, Brasil. I. Fungos conidiais e liquenizados
Authors: Monteiro Josiane Santana , Sotão Helen Maria Pontes , Cáceres Marcela Eugenia Da Silva , Lücking Robert , Gutiérrez Antonio Hernández
Published: February 2022

Os objetivos deste estudo são sumarizar e apresentar uma listagem de espécies de fungos conidiais e liquenizados da Floresta Nacional (FLONA) de Caxiuanã, localizada no estado do Pará, Brasil. Os dados desta listagem foram obtidos com base em coleções de herbário e na literatura, ambos resultantes de expedições realizadas nesta FLONA entre 1995 e 2013. Na maioria, estes fungos pertencem ao filo Ascomycota. Um total de 233 espécies foi identificado paraCaxiuanã, sendo 56 de fungos conidiais e 177 de fungos liquenizados. As espécies Septomyrothecium uniseptatum Matsush. e Pyrenidium zamiae (Müll. Arg.) Matzer representam os primeiros registros para o Brasil. Novos registros para o Pará e para a FLONA de Caxiuanã são apresentados. A distribuição geográfica no Brasil é referida para todas as espécies. Estes resultados demonstram a importância da realização de estudos sobre a micobiota de áreas que apresentem dados escassos ou inexistentes.
Caracterização e análise dos fragmentos florestais e uso do solo no município de Colares, nordeste do Pará, Brasil
Authors: Braga Thaís Gleice Martins , Da Silva Gabriel Máximo , Lima Madson Oliveira , Silva Andréa Laize Pureza , Costa Merilene do Socorro Silva , Pinheiro Paula Fernanda Viegas , Ferreira Oberdan Oliveira
Published: February 2022

Objetivou-se analisar a cobertura vegetal e o uso do solo do município de Colares, Pará, além de caracterizar e analisar os fragmentos florestais presentes nesta paisagem. A análise proposta foi realizada por meio de produtos e de técnicas de sensoriamento remoto e de geoprocessamento, visando conhecer a estrutura da paisagem, de modo a oferecer subsídios ao planejamento de sua ocupação territorial. Utilizaram-se imagens digitais do sensor Operational Land Imager (OLI)/Landsat 8, órbita/ponto 223/061, bandas 4, 5 e 6, processadas e classificadas através do algoritmo de máxima verossimilhança. As análises relacionadas à configuração da paisagem e dos fragmentos de vegetação natural foram realizadas com métricas de classe, por meio do software ArcGis, módulo Patch Analisy. As técnicas de sensoriamento remoto e de geoprocessamento permitiram caracterizar e analisar os elementos que compõem a paisagem de Colares, definindo-a por um mosaico de cobertura vegetal e uso do solo, evidenciada por grande exploração dos recursos naturais, onde a vegetação arbórea encontra-se bastante fragmentada, identificada pela presença de diversos fragmentos pequenos, demonstrando o forte impacto de atividades antrópicas na área. Os resultados mostraram a presença de fragmentos mais preservados, importantes para a conservação da biodiversidade e que cumprem papel fundamental na manutenção da estabilidade da biodiversidade local.
O sistema de valoração da geodiversidade com enfoque nos serviços ecossistêmicos sensu Murray Gray
Authors: Da Silva Matheus Lisboa Nobre , Nascimento Marcos Antonio Leite do
Published: February 2022

Geodiversidade representa a variedade dos elementos abióticos presentes na natureza, compreendendo também as suas assembleias e os seus processos. Toda essa diversidade natural precisa ser protegida, com o consumo feito da forma mais sustentável possível, assim como já é pensado para a biodiversidade. Podem-se identificar valores para a geodiversidade capazes de embasar o processo de conservação dos recursos abióticos. O sistema aqui apresentado foi definido pelo geógrafo Murray Gray, por meio da concepção de um valor intrínseco, cinco serviços (regulação, suporte, provisão, cultural e conhecimento) e 25 bens e processos. Esse novo modelo sensu Murray Gray, baseado na definição do ecossistema abiótico, é apresentado como um sistema de valoração qualitativa da geodiversidade, possível de ser aplicado em estudos no Brasil. É exemplificada aqui a aplicação deste sistema na identificação da geodiversidade na cidade do Natal, no Rio Grande do Norte, nordeste do Brasil, formada geologicamente por coberturas cenozoicas, mas que possui vasta diversidade abiótica nas paisagens e uso de materiais pétreos em monumentos e edificações históricas. Assim, propõe-se aqui a atualização dos sistemas avaliativos da diversidade abiótica no país, de forma a promover maior diálogo entre os estudos da diversidade natural do planeta.
Efeito dos extratos das folhas de Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers. sobre bactérias resistentes a multidrogas
Authors: Perim Michele Cezimbra , Borges Joelma Da Costa , Araújo Thiago Antônio De Sousa , Da Silva Ana Carolina Oliveira , Zucchini Natália Mazzolani , Carreiro Solange Cristina , Cunha Anderson Ferreira da , Pranchevicius Maria Cristina Da Silva
Published: February 2022

As plantas medicinais são fontes de moléculas bioativas que podem ser utilizadas contra infecções bacterianas. Neste estudo, avaliou-se a atividade antibacteriana do extrato etanólico das folhas de Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers. contra 68 bactérias resistentes a multidrogas, isoladas de pacientes diabéticos com lesões nos pés, e de seis cepas de referência da American Type Culture Collection, através dos métodos de disco difusão em ágar (DD) e de microdiluição em caldo (MC). Realizou-se também a correlação entre o extrato e os antibióticos cefoxitina ou amoxicilina/ácido clavulânico. O extrato das folhas apresentou atividade antimicrobiana em ambos os métodos, no entanto, o método MC foi mais sensível na menor diluição (0,039 mg/mL) utilizada. Cepas comumente isoladas nesses tipos de lesões foram inibidas pelo extrato, como Staphylococcus aureus (40,91%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (42,86%), Streptococcus pyogenes (100,00%), Streptococcus agalactiae (50,00%), Enterobacter spp. (33,33%), Pseudomonas spp. (66,67%) eProteus spp. (28,57%). A associação do extrato com os antibióticos não potencializou a atividade antibacteriana, sugerindo que eles possuem mecanismos de ação independentes. Nossos resultados mostraram que o extrato etanólico das folhas possui uma boa atividade antimicrobiana. No entanto, estudos adicionais devem ser realizados para determinar a eficácia e a toxicidade dele no tratamento de infecções bacterianas.
Identificação dos subtipos de savanas na Amazônia oriental (Pará e Amapá, Brasil) com uma chave dicotômica de individualização
Authors: Do Amaral Dário Dantas , Rocha Antônio Elielson , Pereira Jorge Luis Gavina , Costa Neto Salustiano Vilar
Published: February 2022

A identificação e a caracterização dos subtipos de savanas da Amazônia é um assunto pouco explorado. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: (1) elaborar uma chave dicotômica de separação dos subtipos de savana que ocorrem na Amazônia oriental (Pará e Amapá, Brasil), caracterizando-os com base em aspectos fitofisionômicos; (2) quantificar (em km2) as áreas de cada subtipo de savana, bem como definir suas espacializações geográficas; e (3) quantificar (km2) as áreas de cada subtipo de savana inseridas em Unidades de Conservação (UC). Utilizou-se como base de dados diversos inventários botânicos em diferentes regiões de ocorrência desta tipologia vegetal nos estados do Pará e do Amapá. A chave dicotômica permite diferenciar quatro tipos de savanas (florestada, arborizada, parque e gramíneo-lenhosa). As áreas cobertas por vegetação de savana no estado do Pará são de 60,25 mil km2 (4,83% do total) e no Amapá são de 8,58 mil km2 (5,98% do total), totalizando 68,83 mil km2, o que representa 4,95% da área total destes dois estados da Amazônia oriental.
PECULIARITIES OF THE FORMATION OF A HARDENED LAYER DURING LASER BORINIZING OF PISTON RINGS
Authors: Hlushkova D.B. , Ryzhkov Y.V. , Kalinina N.E. , Nosova T.V.
Published: February 2022

Insufficient wear resistance of piston ring materials often limits the growth of machine productivity and service life. The use of traditional drilling methods associated with the diffusion of boron into the solid phase will lead to the formation of a working layer with high fragility. Therefore, the problem of increasing the wear resistance of piston rings without embrittlement is relevant. The use of laser heating during drilling provides the formation of a new layer with special properties. However, optimal properties can only be achieved after the relationship between the process parameters and the depth of the bored layer has been established. The influence of laser heating parameters on the composition and depth of the drilling layer is established in the work. The results of research can be extended to other parts that are subject to intensive wear.
ABOUT EXPERIMENTAL DISCOVERY OF TYPE II SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
Authors: Shepelev A.
Published: February 2022

The date and authorship of the experimental discovery of the phenomenon of type II superconductivity is specified.
“It is a fascinating testament to Shubnikov's great originality and to the terrible times that deprived him of his life and we all of the fruits of the science for so long. Even now, many do not really understand the breakthrough made in Kharkov”.
From the letter of 31 December, 2008, written by Shubnikov Professor D. Larbalistier, Director of Applied Superconductivity Center, USA, on reprinting in English the article [1].
Pharmacovigilance and Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR): A case study
Authors: Dr.Amit Kumar
Published: February 2022

World Health Organization (WHO) and Uppsala Monitoring Centre (UMC) work with and provide technical support to more than 94 countries worldwide. Several disasters led to an awareness that drugs not only can heal but also can harm including sudden death caused by chloroform anaesthesia in 1877 and fatal hepatic necrosis due to arsenicals in 1922. In the United States a tragic mistake in the formulation of a children’s syrup in the late 1930s was the trigger for setting up the product authorization system under the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The Food and Drug Administration had the authority to review new drugs for safety, by scrutinizing animal studies and small human volunteer trials for any signs of serious hazards. In order to prevent unnecessary suffering by patients and to decrease the financial loss sustained by the patient due to the inappropriate or unsafe use of medicines, it is essential that a monitoring system for the safety of medicines in Country is supported by doctors, pharmacists, nurses and other health professionals in the country. The Drug Regulatory Authority (DRA) and National Pharmacovigilance programme, adverse reactions should be reported on a daily basis. A case study has done on the basis of Adverse Drugs Reaction in Chandigarh. The patient was named Pratigya Choudhary, age four year six months old. Prescription of Amoxicillin and Potassium Clavulanate combination given to patient and found Jaundice after two dosages. The patient was serious to admit in Hospital. The ultimate goal of this activity is to improve the safe and rational use of medicines, thereby improving patient care and public health.
Tele-Operation Systems for Robotic Arm Manipulator using IoT
Authors: Sivagur S  , Sundari B.
Published: February 2022

The is paper has style and development of a robotic arm manipulator victimisation net of things with low value. Tele-robotics refers to regulate a mechanism from an overseas finish. The robotic arm has controlled by wirelessly is incredibly useful for broad vary of applications that starting from medical fields, automations in industries. With the recognition and widespread use of net, it becomes a straight forward task for anyone to regulate and monitor the robots from an overseas finish. During this project, a robotic arm is meant to be controlled by a licensed person at any time and from anywhere victimisation the online technology. With an internet server, it becomes simple to regulate devices from an overseas web site. The net based mostly robotic Tele-operations realize nice utility in applications that are dangerous, hostile, and inaccessible to humans and areas of labor no matter geographical locations. Thanks to the growing awareness, technological support, knowledge transmission protocols, easy use and low value the net has well-tried to be the foremost appropriate infrastructure for worldwide access and knowledge exchange.
ISO-14001 Certification of Rubber Industry-A Case Study
Authors: Meenakshi Jatayan  , S. K. Sharma
Published: February 2022

The impact of industrial organizations on the environment during recent decades is clearly evident. Due to it all over the world, many enterprises are putting all their efforts into seeking environment management such as using instruments that reduce negative impact on the environment along with improving economic efficiency. The ability to manage its environment performance is emerging as a strategic issue for many companies, globally. In order to address the impact of companies International Organization for Standardization (ISO), introduced the ISO-14000 series of environment management system (EMS). EMS in an industry can be achieved by reducing the pollutants at source level itself, good housekeeping, recycling, raw material change and product modification etc. The goal of this paper is to study the procedure adopted by an organization to get certified for ISO 14001 standards of EMS. The various environmental legislative, operational and management procedure considered for the study. It examines the perceived benefits of having ISO 14001 for certified firms. According to the results of analysis, the organization is effectively complying with ISO 14001 standards of EMS.
Extraction of drainage Characteristics and Morphometric analysis using GIS and SRTM Digital Elevation Model Data in Sathyavedu area, Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Golla Veeraswamy  , Etikala Balaji  , P. Harish
Published: February 2022

The aim of the present study is to extraction of the drainage characteristics from SRTM 30M resolution data processed in Arc GIS 10.1and develops the different maps such as Drainage fill, flow accumulation, stream link, flow direction, stream order map. The study area stream order map shows 5 orders. Most of the stream area flow in the direction of North West to south west and it determine the less porosity and permeability due to presence of the granite schist, quartzite's and laterite group of rocks and SRTM DEM with spatial resolution of 30m.
Pengaruh Disiplin Kerja, Lingkungan Kerja Dan Kompensasi Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai di Universitas Medan Area
Authors: Harahap Agus Salim
Published: February 2022

This study was conducted to determine the effect of work discipline, work environment and compensation on employee performance at the University of Medan Area. This study uses a quantitative method with a sample of 50 employees from various units using the Multiple Linear Regression Analysis tool. The results of this study are that there is an insignificant effect between Work Discipline on Employee Performance. There is an insignificant effect between the Work Environment on Performance. There is a significant influence between compensation on employee performance. Simultaneously there is a significant influence between Work Discipline, Work Environment and Compensation together on employee performance. The coefficient of determination (Rsqure) is 0.575 and the value (Adjusted R Square) is 0.547 or 54.7% meaning the variables (Work Discipline, Work Environment and Compensation) ), the study was able to explain the employee performance by 54.7% while the remaining 45.3% was influenced by other variables outside this study such as leadership style variables, work motivation, job satisfaction, and work climate.
Peranan Sistem Informasi Manajemen Dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Karyawan Pada Tirta Bina Labuhanbatu
Authors: Purba Elvitrianim
Published: February 2022

Management Information System (MIS) is a system that processes and organizes useful data and information to support the implementation of tasks in an organization/company. A company will use information systems to improve / assist employees to support their performance. SIM is very important for the company because its role is very vital or very impactful for the company itself. With the use of SIM companies can have advantages in business processes within the company. Processes in a business that previously did not use a SIM will take a long time. Using SIM will have advantages for the company because business processes can be shortened or simplified. In its use, SIM has a system that can help the performance of employees in the company. So the company does not need to take a long time in some of its business processes
Gaya Kepemimpinan Terhadap Motivasi Kerja Gen-Z (Studi Kasus pada Mahasiswa Politeknik Cendana Medan)
Authors: Timori Kansaki  , Ngajudin Nugroho  , Fauzi Akbar Maulana Hutabarat  , Elserra Siemin Ciamas  , Arwin
Published: February 2022

This study aims to empirically prove the influence of leadership style on the work motivation of Generation - Z, the method used in this study is a quantitative research method, this research is intended to build a picture of the phenomenon that is in the context of research, namely youth today or also called Generation – Z. This study was conducted on sandalwood polytechnic students, collecting data in the form of questionnaires distributed to respondents with a sample of 71 students. The data analysis used is multiple linear regression analysis with the help of data processing software, the results of this study indicate that simultaneously situational leadership style and autocratic leadership style significantly influence work motivation of Generation Z. This study also produces a partial effect of each - each independent variable to the dependent variable, the contribution of the independent variables included in the regression equation to the independent variable is 15.2%, the remaining 84.8% is influenced by other variables not included in this research model.