bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High frequency of aminoglycoside resistance and aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes genes in clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates: an alarming concern
Authors: Mahmoudi Shima , Mamishi Setareh , Rahimifard Nahid , Sadeghi Reihaneh Hosseinpour , Poormohamadi Shiva , Pourakbari Babak
Published: June 2024

Background
Next to the high prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), S.aureus isolates are now resistant to some other antibiotics, such as aminoglycosides. The aim of this study was to determine the aminoglycoside resistance and aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme (AMEs) genes among S.aureus isolated from patients referred to the Children’s Medical Center, Tehran, Iran.
Methods
A total of 333 S. aureus clinical isolates were collected and tested by disk diffusion for susceptibility testing. Aminoglycoside-resistant S. aureus isolates were screened for the presence of the three AMEs genes.
Results
A total of 149 isolates (45%) were of aminoglycoside-resistant, of which 142 isolates (95%) were amikacin-resistant isolates and 27 (18%) were gentamicin-resistant isolates. Among 149 isolates, aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2″) resistance gene was detected in 65 isolates (44%). The aph(3′)-IIIa resistance gene and ant (4′)-Ia resistance gene were found in 55 isolates (37%) and 27 isolates (18%), respectively. Concurrent of aph(3′)-IIIa and ant(4′)-Ia genes was seen in 16 isolates (11%). Moreover, aph(3′)-IIIa and aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2″) were observed in 49 (33%) isolates, simultaneously. Concurrent ant(4′)-Ia and aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2″) genes were detected in 16 isolates (11%). Simultaneous presence of all three genes aph (3′)-IIIa and ant (4′)-Ia and aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2″) was observed in 14 (9%) of the isolates. Among amikacin-resistant isolates, concurrent of aph(3′)-IIIa and aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2″) genes were seen in 44 isolates (31%), while it was found in 70% of gentamicin-resistant S. aureus (19 isolates).
Conclusion
Since high frequency of aminoglycoside resistance and AME genes were found in S. aureus strain isolated from hospitalized children in our hospital, the monitoring of aminoglycoside resistance and AMEs genes is highly recommended to limit the spread of aminoglycoside resistance among S. aureus isolates.
Image Encryption based on novel Hill Cipher Variant and 2D-IGSCM Hyper-chaotic Map
Authors: Zheng Yuxiao , Huang Qingye , Cai Shuting , Xiong Xiaoming , Huang Linqing
Published: June 2024

Hill Cipher(HC) is a simple and fast encryption technique that is suitable for encrypting images with large data volume, but it still has some shortcomings like failing to effectively hide all image features and encrypt uniform backgrounds, and relying on the use of reversible matrices. In this paper, firstly, a new two-dimensional Iterative Gaussian Sine chaotic map(2D-IGSCM) with heightened ergodicity and unpredictability is introduced. Then, in addressing the various deficiencies of the HC, we propose an improved three-dimensional Hill Cipher(3D-HC) model where a dynamic column vector based on chaotic sequences generated by 2D-IGSCM is utilized to enhance encryption effects. Finally, based on the 2D-IGSCM and 3D-HC model, an image encryption method is proposed. Experimental results and security analysis exhibit that the proposed algorithm possesses excellent security characteristics and high efficiency.
Eco-friendly extraction carrageenan from seaweed using a ball mill: celite effect during filtration and ion addition on carrageenan physicochemical properties
Authors: - Amalia , Hidayat Chusnul , Yanti Rini
Published: June 2024

The aim of this study was to evaluate the extraction method of carrageenan using a new eco-friendly process, namely a ball mill, to produce good carrageenan characteristics and to assess the physicochemical properties. The variables evaluated included the seaweed : water ratio and celite concentration. Results showed that seaweed : water ratio and celite concentration affected yield, gel strength, sulfate content, and viscosity. Optimum conditions occurred at 14:1 w/v seaweed : water ratio and 4% celite concentration, which resulted in 68.89% carrageenan yield, 161.34 g/cm2 gel strength, 15.53% sulfate content, 5.4 cP viscosity, 45.32°C melting point, 30.50°C gel point, 5.56% water content, 25.10% ash content, pH 8.75, and 57% purity. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) proves that the type of carrageenan is kappa-carrageenan. The addition of celite has been shown to simplify the filtration process, and the ball mill method effectively achieves high results quickly. However, the physicochemical properties obtained were inferior to those of the alkali method, especially in gel strength. The gel strength, viscosity, melting point, and gel point of carrageenan are significantly affected by ion variations (K+ and Ca2+).
Single-ended protection scheme for three-terminal hybrid DC transmission system based on refractive coefficients
Authors: Wu Chuanjian , Li Kuan , Li Chenhao , Zhang Yan , Zhang Xiaodong
Published: June 2024

Three-terminal hybrid DC transmission technology has the advantages of long-distance and large capacity, and there is no phase change failure and other problems, which is an effective means of sending out new energy bases. Correspondingly, the reliability of the existing single-ended traveling wave protection is further degraded by the unknown fault characteristics introduced by the greater variety and combination of converters and add-ons in the three-terminal hybrid DC transmission system. Therefore, a single-ended protection scheme based on the refractive coefficient is proposed. First, an expression for the refraction coefficient of a three-terminal hybrid DC system is derived. Subsequently, the variability of the refraction coefficients for different faults is analyzed. Finally, a single-ended protection scheme using the fault characteristics of the refraction coefficients is proposed and validated by simulation. The program has the advantages of theoretical clarity, reliability, and the ability to recognize near-end faults.
Development and psychometric evaluation of nutrigenomics and personalized nutrition-related knowledge, attitude, and behavior questionnaire in dietetic students and professionals
Authors: Moitra Panchali , Nemani Janvi , Madre Saba , Madan Jagmeet
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to develop and test the psychometric properties of a questionnaire assessing knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors (KAB) related to nutrigenomics and personalized nutrition (PN) in dietetic students and professionals in India. A literature review, six focus group discussions (n = 37), and nine in-depth interviews guided initial item generation. The face, item, and scale content validity indices were calculated and a cross-sectional sample (n = 297) examined the item difficulty (IDI), item discrimination (DI), and internal consistency. Test-retest reliability was estimated in a sub-sample (n = 64) and confirmatory factor analysis method (CFA) using model fit indices - factor loadings, Tucker Lewis Fit Index, and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation established construct validity. The IDI ranged from 0.60 to 0.72 and the mean Cronbach α was 0.82. The CFA results presented four constructs − 1) knowledge and understanding of nutrigenomics, 2) attitude, and willingness to learn nutrigenomics, 3) behaviors toward gene-based dietary advice, 4) training and confidence to practice PN. The intraclass correlation coefficients for knowledge, attitude, behavior, and training domains were 0.74, 0.83, 0.72, and 0.81, respectively. The psychometric evaluation indicated that the 45-item KAB_PN is a valid and reliable instrument to assess dietitians’ knowledge and perspectives toward nutrigenomics and PN.
Mechanistic insights into how the single point mutation change the autoantibody repertoire
Authors: Ni Zhong , Xu Ying , Zhou Huimin , Song Fangyuan , Wang Zhiguo , Chen Dongfeng
Published: June 2024

A recent study showed that just one point mutation F33 to Y in the H-CDR1 could lead to the autoantibody losing its DNA binding ability. However, the potential molecular mechanisms have not been well elucidated. In this study, we investigated how the antibody lost the DNA binding ability caused by mutation F33 to Y in the H-CDR1. We found that the electrostatic force was not the primary driving force for the interaction between anti-DNA antibodies and the antigen ssDNA, and that the H-CDR2 largely contributed to the binding of antigen ssDNA, even larger than H-CDR1. The H-F33Y mutation could increase the hydrogen-bond interaction but impair the pi-pi stacking interaction between the antibody and ssDNA. We further found that F33H, W98H and Y95L in the wiletype antibody could form the stable pi-pi stacking interaction with the nucleotide bases of ssDNA. However, the Y33 in mutant could not form the parallel sandwich pi-pi stacking interaction with the ssDNA, which could be verified by the result that any functional mutation in three key residues (F33H, W98H, and Y95L) could lead to the loss of ssDNA binding ability of mutant antibody. Our findings may not only deepen the understanding of the underlying interaction mechanism between autoantibody and antigen, but also broad implications in the field of antibody engineer.
Solar poloidal magnetic field generation rate from observations and mean-field dynamos
Authors: Pipin Valery
Published: June 2024

To estimate the hemispheric flux generation rate of the large-scaleradial magnetic field in the solar cycles 23 and 24 we use the photosphericobservations of the solar magnetic fields and results of the mean-fielddynamo models. Our analysis suggests that the hemispheric flux generationrate can be determined by the turbulent diffusion of the dynamo generatedmagnetic field at the solar equator. Observational data suggest thatspeed of magnetic field reconnection across equator, which representsthe effect of the latitudinal turbulent diffusion, can be insufficientto explain the magnitude of the hemispheric poloidal flux generationrate in the solar cycles 23 and 24. In addition, the results of dynamomodel show the powerful impact of the radial turbulent diffusion ofthe large-scale poloidal magnetic field on the hemispheric magneticflux generation rate and the global magnetic field distribution insidethe convection zone.
Effect of beta-glucan on oxidative stress, inflammation, hormonal and histopathological changes in dehydroepiandrosterone-induced polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Yüce Hande , Türkmen Neşe Başak , Aydın Muhterem , Taşlıdere Aslı , Özek Dilan Aşkın , Şenkal Selinay , Aslan Sümeyye , Doğan Ayşegül , Çiftçi Osman , Ünüvar Songül
Published: June 2024

A class of dietary fibers and biologically active polysaccharides from natural sources, beta-glucans (βTGs) have bioactive capabilities. The anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, prebiotic, anti-obesity, anti-allergic, anti-microbial, antiviral, anti-osteoporotic, and immunomodulating effects of βTGs are well documented. Although many biological activities of βTG have been proven, its mechanism in DHEA-induced PCOS has not been investigated. We aimed to investigate the protective effects of βTG treatment on PCOS and its capacity to reverse PCOS-induced changes. Female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into four groups at random (n = 8): control, PCOS, PCOS + βTG, and βTG groups. Biochemical markers linked to oxidative stress, antioxidant state, inflammation, cytokines, and hormone levels were assessed. Analyses using immunohistochemistry and histopathology were also carried out. Membrane array analysis detected growth factors, cytokine, and chemokine protein profiles. βTG did not cause any change in body, uterus, and ovarian weights in rats. βTG normalized the deviations in the oestrus cycle caused by PCOS. It was observed that βTG had a positive effect on the reproductive system. βTG can reduce the inflammatory response in PCOS rats by decreasing inflammatory cytokines. Oxidative stress was significantly reduced, whereas antioxidant enzyme activities were significantly elevated in the βTG group. βTG also prevented histopathological alterations. βTG induced the expression of some essential proteins, including bNGF, TIMP-1, Agrin, CINC-1, BDNF, and FGF-2 (bFGF). The results of this study showed that treatment with βTG protects against oxidative stress, inflammation, hormone imbalance, and histopathological damage in ovarian tissue caused by PCOS.
Prediction algorithms using genetic and non genetic factors inducing vitamin D deficiency among healthy adults
Authors: AMMAR Mariem , ABDERRAHMANE Amani , HENI Syrine , TIRA Mohamed Sahbi , Moussa Amira , KHALIJ Yassine , Ksibi Sonia , Bouslama Ali , Omezzine Asma
Published: June 2024

Objective
An alarming increase in vitamin D (vitD) deficiency even in sunny regions highlights the need for a better understanding of the mechanisms controlling vitD variability. We aimed to study potential variables involved in vitD deficiency among healthy Tunisian adults in order to establish two prediction algorithms: a composite algorithm (CA) that included genetic and non genetic factors and a simple one (SA) including only environmental non genetic factors. These algorithms could be used to predict vitD status and help identify individuals at high risk of vitD deficiency.
Methods
We screened six key genes (DBP, CYP2R1, CYP27B14, CYP24A1 and VDR) within the vitD metabolic pathway using 15 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers in across a cohort of 394 unrelated healthy individuals. After giving an informed consent, all participants were asked to complete a generalized questionnaire. Significant confounding factors that may influence the variability in serum 25(OH)D levels were used as covariates for association analyses. Statistical study was carried out with SPSS26.0.
Results
VitD deficiency correlated positively with albumin (r = 0.135, p = 0.007) and negatively with serum PTH (r = − 0.303, p < 0.001), age (r = − 0.198, P < 0.001), and BMI (r = − 0.143, p = 0.04). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that season, sun screen use, phototype, age, VDR- rs2228570 and CYP24A1- rs6013897 were significant predictors of hypovitaminosis D. Non genetic factors explained 15.6% of the variance in 25(OH)D concentrations while genetic polymorphisms (VDR- rs2228570 and CYP24A1- rs6013897) explained a lower variance of 12%. When combined together, genetic and non genetic factors contributed up to 27.6% in 25(OH)D concentrations variability.
Conclusion
25(OH)D deficiency is highly prevalent among healthy adults in Tunisia. It is related to seasonal fluctuations, increasing age, darker skin tones, excessive sunscreen usage, and genetic polymorphisms in the VDR and CYP24A1 genes. The genetic markers could be used as tools in Mendelian randomization analyses of vitD, and they should well be considered when establishing a supplementation protocol in order to prevent 25(OH)D deficiency in the Tunisian population.
Erianin inhibits cell migration and induces apoptosis by in-hibiting VEGF-α/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in melanoma A375 cells
Authors: Sun Hao , Wang Gaolei , Ren Cong , Zhang Xi , Zhao Ping , Guo Bin
Published: June 2024

Erianin, extracted from Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl, has shown significant antitumour activity in various cancers, including bladder, cervical, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. This study explores erianin's impact on melanoma, a prevalent intraocular malignancy in adults, emphasizing cell growth inhibition and its mechanism. Vascular endothelial growth factor-α (VEGF-α), a validated therapeutic target in melanoma angiogenesis, was considered. Despite its origin from Dendrobium plants in the Orchidaceae family, erianin's anti-melanoma effects and its potential to inhibit the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway to decrease VEGF-α secretion in melanoma cells remain unexplored. Thus, erianin's effects on A375 cells and its underlying molecular mechanisms were investigated. Erianin induced apoptosis in A375 cells, as demonstrated by flow cytometry and western blot assays. Additionally, erianin inhibited A375 cell migration, proliferation, and invasion in vitro, evidenced by cell scratch, EdU stain, and transwell cell invasion assays. Mechanistically, erianin downregulated VEGF-α and VEGF Receptor 2 expression while inhibiting PI3K/AKT pathway activation, indicated by western blot and immunofluorescence analyses. Furthermore, both western blot and immunofluorescence analyses confirmed erianin's regulation of VEGF-α and VEGF-R2 expression. This study suggests that erianin is a novel compound capable of inducing cell apoptosis while suppressing the activation of the VEGF/PI3K/AKT signalling pathway in A375 cells, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation.
An Open Dataset for Individual Tree Detection in UAV LiDAR Point Clouds and RGB Orthophotos in Dense Mixed Forests
Authors: Dubrovin Ivan , Fortin Clement , Kedrov Alexander
Published: June 2024

We present an open access dataset for development, evaluation, and comparison of algorithms for individual tree detection in dense mixed forests. The dataset consists of a detailed field inventory and overlapping UAV LiDAR and RGB orthophoto, which make it possible to develop algorithms that fuse multimodal data to improve detection results. Along with the dataset, we describe and implement a basic local maxima filtering baseline and an algorithm for automatically matching detection results to the ground truth trees for detection algorithm evaluation.
Study on the Impact of Dietary Patterns on Cardiovascular Metabolic Comorbidities among Adults
Authors: Mao Danhui , Li Gongkui , Li Yajing , Wang Shixun , Zhang Mohan , Ma Mingyan , Ren Xiaojun
Published: June 2024

Background
The prevalence of cardiovascular metabolic comorbidities (CMM) among adults is relatively high, imposing a heavy burden on individuals, families, and society. Dietary patterns play a significant role in the occurrence and development of CMM. This study aimed to identify the combined types of CMM in adult populations and investigate the impact of dietary patterns on CMM.
Methods
Participants in this study were from the sixth wave of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). Dietary intake was assessed using a three-day 24-hour dietary recall method among 4,963 participants. Latent profile analysis was used to determine dietary pattern types. Two-step cluster analysis was performed to identify the combined types of CMM based on the participants' conditions of hyperuricemia, dyslipidemia, diabetes, renal dysfunction, hypertension, and stroke. Logistic regression analysis with robust standard errors was used to determine the impact of dietary patterns on CMM.
Results
Participants were clustered into three dietary patterns (Pattern 1 to 3) and five CMM types (Class I to V). Class I combined six diseases, with a low proportion of diabetes. Class II also combined six diseases but with a high proportion of diabetes. Class III combined four diseases, with a high proportion of hypertension. Class IV combined three diseases, with the highest proportions of hyperuricemia, diabetes, and renal dysfunction. Class V combined two diseases, with high proportions of dyslipidemia and renal dysfunction. Patients with Class III CMM had a significantly higher average age than the other four classes (P ≤ 0.05). Compared to those with isolated dyslipidemia, individuals with a low-grain, high-fruit, milk, and egg (LCHFM) dietary pattern had a higher risk of developing dyslipidemia combined with renal dysfunction (Class V CMM) with an odds ratio of 2.001 (95% CI: 1.011–3.960, P ≤ 0.05).
Conclusion
For individuals with isolated dyslipidemia, avoiding a low-grain, high-fruit, milk, and egg (LCHFM) dietary pattern may help reduce the risk of developing dyslipidemia combined with renal dysfunction (Class V CMM).
GMS-YOLO：Improved water meter reading recognition algorithm based on YOLOv8
Authors: Wang Yu , Xiang Xiaodong
Published: June 2024

Owing to the disorderly arrangement of water meter pipelines and the random rotation angles of their mechanical numeral wheels, the captured images of water meters reveal issues such as tilt, blurriness, and missing characters. It is evident that traditional optical character recognition fails to meet the detection requirements, and the two-stage detection method, positioning first and then recognizing, needs to be revised. In this study, water meter reading recognition is treated as an object detection task, whereby extracting detection box information output by the object detection algorithm facilitates the acquisition of water meter readings.YOLOv8n is chosen as the baseline model, and a target detection algorithm, GMS-YOLO, based on group multi-scale convolution, is put forward. Firstly, by replacing convolution in the Bottleneck module with group multi-scale convolution, the model achieves different scales of receptive fields, thereby enhancing its feature extraction capability. Secondly, the large-kernel separable attention (LSKA) is incorporated into the SPPF module to augment the perceptual ability of fine features. Lastly, the ShapeIoU bounding box loss function is opted to replace CIoU, enhancing the model's positioning ability and expediting its convergence speed. Evaluated on a self-compiled water meter image dataset, GMS-YOLO attained a mAP@0.5 of 92.4% and a precision rate of 93.2%, representing increments of 2.0% and 2.1% over YOLOv8n and demonstrating significant superiority over the baseline model. The average detection time of GMS-YOLO per image is ten milliseconds, a capability well-suited to practical detection tasks.
Forecasting of G7 Countries' Total Energy Production: A Rigorous Exploration with Artificial Neural Networks and Multiple Linear Regression
Authors: BAYIR Gökhan , KILIÇ Faruk , DİRİ Faik Ümit , ERKAYMAZ Hande
Published: June 2024

The G7 countries, consisting of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States, have important collaborations in energy production to achieve energy security. One of the main systems of Artificial intelligence's, artificial neural networks (ANN), is crucial to this area of study, comparatively using Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) comparatively. ANN and MLR are feasible to use across the G7 countries' total energy production numbers, and these numbers were determined using ANN and MLR forecasting techniques. The data included the years 1990–2020, focusing on GDP intensity, refined oil product production, electricity production, and renewable energy proportion. In ANN modeling, the best regression results at 10*10 have been obtained with two hidden layers. All regression values were 0.99947, with the training regression value being 0.99912, the validation regression value being 0.99997, and the test regression value being 0.99997. The results showed high accuracy, with regression scores exceeding 99% and smaller prediction error values. A paired sample t test has been applied to see whether the distinction between the average values is significant or not. The results of the test between the actual and predicted values (p = 0.7462 > 0.05) revealed that the forecasted values have been quite close to the actual values. Total energy production Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD), Mean Squared Error (MSE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) parameters have been calculated as 4.364, 34.072, 5.837, and 0.162, respectively. The research proved that ANNs are effective in forecasting total energy output. And, with MLR, error values for MAD, MSE, RMSE, and MAPE were also found to be 5.364, 34.352, 5.861, and 1.609, respectively, using MLR modeling. By 2035, the G7 nations are expected to produce 50,652.746 Mtoe of energy collectively. The research proved that ANNs are effective in forecasting total energy output.
Drought Characteristics Prediction Using a Hybrid Machine Learning Model with Correction
Authors: Xue Ruihua , Luo Jungang , Li Shaoxuan , Zuo Ganggang , Yang Xue
Published: June 2024

Drought prediction is a crucial aspect of drought risk assessment, playing a significant role in effectively minimizing losses associated with droughts. While many previous studies have focused on the variations of drought indices, understanding the impact of drought events requires a transformation into drought characteristics such as severity and duration. These drought features provide insights into the processes and hazards associated with drought events. The main objectives of this study are twofold: improving prediction accuracy and evaluating model performance based on drought characteristics.By decomposing the data into high and low-frequency sequences and effectively addressing these with optimally chosen models, a hybrid model (LSL) model is constructed.This model incorporates an error correction sequence to reduce errors during the prediction process and improve accuracy. Simultaneously, various aspects of drought characteristics, such as duration, start and end times, intensity, and peak value, were analyzed to enhance drought event prediction and impact assessment. The results show that, the LSL model is effective in predicting the drought class and all aspects of drought characteristics. Overall, the LSL model can be well applied to the prediction of drought events.
Neural Correlates of Perceiving Animacy in Robotic Objects
Authors: Yizhar Or , Maimon Amber , Tal Zohar , Wald Iddo Yehoshua , Erel Hadas , Friedman Doron , Zuckerman Oren , Amedi Amir
Published: June 2024

The prevalence of robots in modern society calls for gaining a fundamental understanding of the underlying principles of human-robot interaction. In particular, we need to understand how people perceive robots and how different physical and social characteristics affect this perception. Here, we examined the neural correlates of observing simple gestures performed by a non-humanoid social robot, focusing on the role of the Ventral Occipitotemporal (VOT) cortex in processing perceived animacy. Our results reveal that a broad bilateral cortical network is activated, comprising areas related to action observation, the social brain, and the visual cortex, including the VOT. We also found a correlation between the level of neural responses in the VOT, especially in the left hemisphere, and individual animacy ratings of the robotic object. This correlation provides a physical basis for such subjective ratings. These results suggest a complex representation of perceived animacy across the lateral-medial axis of the VOT, explained by spatial cortical location and the amplitude of neural responses. Furthermore, we discuss the implications of these findings for understanding how people perceive robots, their behaviors and intentions, which are crucial for developing social robots that can interact with humans more naturally.
Comparison between KNN, W-KNN, Wc-KNN and Wk-KNN models on a CDC heart disease dataset
Authors: Ventura André Fix
Published: June 2024

One of the most popular and fundamental methods used for machine learning classification is KNN (K-nearest neighbor). Despite its simplicity, this method can achieve good data classification results even without prior knowledge of the data distribution. WKNN (weighted KNN) is an improvement of KNN where, instead of merely counting the number of nearby neighbors, the system assigns a weight to each neighbor. Typically, this weight is defined by the inverse of the squared distance (\(weight=\frac{1}{{d}^{2}}\)). This study aims to present an alternative way to define the weight (\(weight=\frac{wp}{1+{\left|cd\right|}^{n}}\)) and a methodology in which the weight formula is defined based on the position and the training data. It was found that, in this dataset, the presented methodology achieves results that are 9% better than KNN and 8% better than WKNN.
Uncovering Cloud Security Complexities-A Comprehensive Five-Perspective Taxonomic Review
Authors: Routh Aman Kumar , Ranjan Prabhat
Published: June 2024

In the rapidly evolving realm of cloud computing, the surging adoption and its profound role in modern IT infrastructures necessitate a vigilant exploration of emerging security challenges and threats. While prior studies have categorized threats, the need for integrated solutions is evident, and an integrated study is evident, with only a limited few addressing this requirement and providing critical correlations among the factors influencing cloud computing security. This paper conducts a state-of-the-art, in-depth exploration of multifaceted cloud security challenges, organized into a five-perspective taxonomy spanning cloud service models, architecture, networking, stakeholders, and data. It begins by contextualizing the rapid ascent of cloud computing within contemporary IT landscapes. This taxonomy offers a structured framework that dissects challenges and provides a roadmap for problem-solving. Extracting four critical variables from the five perspectives and 8 key metrics for security issues related to cloud service models, this review article bridges the gap between theory and practice, emphasizing the need for precision in navigating these complexities.
A Case Study of the Teaching Experience of Filipino and Chinese Teachers in a Chinese Elementary School
Authors: Naparan Genesis Balongkit , Apao Marie Rose A.
Published: June 2024

This study examined teachers' teaching experiences in an elementary school in China who engaged Chinese and Filipino students in English classes. A qualitative multiple-case study design was employed to explore teachers' experiences handling learners. Using a purposive sampling technique, data was collected from 10 teachers with experience working with students in Lam-an, Ozamiz City, Philippines. The data collection involved in-depth interviews with teachers categorized into two groups: Case 1, consisting of Filipino teachers, and Case 2, comprising Chinese teachers. The data encompassed four main categories: methods of class management in Chinese schools, student responses to classroom management, challenges faced by teachers in student management, and strategies employed by teachers to overcome these challenges. The findings revealed that teachers utilized diverse strategies to effectively instruct Chinese students, encountering challenges such as language barriers and managing a varied student body. Additionally, the teachers made efforts to understand their students better, provide necessary reinforcement to spark student interest and implement teaching strategies tailored to the needs of their students. The study concluded that while managing students in a Chinese school is challenging, witnessing students learn and grow despite these difficulties is ultimately rewarding for the teachers.
Classification of Coffee Fruit Maturity Level based on Multispectral Image Using Naïve Bayes Method
Authors: ‘Ulhaq I’zaz Dhiya , Hidayat Muhamad Arief , Dharmawan Tio
Published: June 2024

The current research about the classification of coffee fruit ripeness based on multispectral images has been developed using the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) method to extract patterns from highdimensional multispectral images. The high complexity of CNN allows the model to capture complex features but requires more time and computational resources for model training and testing. Therefore, in this study, classification is performed using a more straightforward method such as Naïve Bayes because its complexity only depends on the number of features and samples. The method only considers each feature independently, so it has high speed and does not require a lot of computational resources. Naïve Bayes is applied to color and texture features extracted from multispectral images of coffee fruit. There are 300 features consisting of 60 color features and 240 texture features. Experiments were conducted based on the comparison of training and testing data and the use of each feature. The combination of color and texture features showed better performance than color or texture features alone, with the highest accuracy reaching 91.01%. In conclusion, using Naïve Bayes is still reasonably good in classifying the ripeness of coffee fruit based on multispectral images.
Deep Image Deblurring for Non-Uniform Blur: a Comparative Study of Restormer and BANet
Authors: Nugraha Made Prastha , Rahadianti Laksmita
Published: June 2024

Image blur is one of the common degradations on an image. The blur that occurs on the captured images is sometimes non-uniform, with different levels of blur in different areas of the image. In recent years, most deblurring methods have been deep learning-based. These methods model deblurring as an imageto-image translation problem, treating images globally. This may result in poor performance when handling non-uniform blur in images. Therefore, in this paper, the author compared two state-of-the-art supervised deep learning methods for deblurring and restoration, e.g. BANet and Restormer, with a special focus on the non-uniform blur. The GOPRO training dataset, which is also used in various studies as a benchmark, was used to train the models. The trained models were then tested on the GOPRO testing test, the HIDE testing set for cross-dataset testing, and GOPRO-NU, which consists of specifically selected non-uniform blurred images from the GOPRO testing set, for the non-uniform deblur testing. On the GOPRO testing set, Restormer achieved an SSIM of 0.891 and PSNR of 27.66 while BANet obtained an SSIM of 0.926 and PSNR of 34.90. Meanwhile, for the HIDE dataset, Restormer achieved an SSIM of 0.907 and PSNR of 27.93 while BANet obtained an SSIM of 0.908 and PSNR of 34.52. Finally, on the non-uniform blur GOPRO dataset, Restormer achieved an SSIM of 0.911 and PSNR of 29.48 while BANet obtained an SSIM of 0.935 and PSNR of 35.47. Overall, BANet shows the best result in handling non-uniform blur with a significant improvement over Restormer.
Status of photovoltaic water pumping systems in Iran: A comprehensive review
Authors: Irandoostshahrestani Misagh , R. Rousse Daniel
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the current status of photovoltaic water pumping systems (PVWPSs) in Iran, a country endowed with significant solar irradiation potential, notably in its southern and central regions. Despite this potential, there is a scarcity of comprehensive studies on solar water pumping systems within the country. This purpose of this study is to conduct a thorough review of the existing literature to assess the state of solar water pumping in Iran. The adoption of PVWPS across various provinces demonstrates the system's versatility, proving effective in both highly sunny and less irradiated regions. Iran's widespread utilization of PVWPS is attributed to its ample irradiations, even in its northern areas, which possess lower solar irradiance levels. There are limited comprehensive studies encompassing technical, economic, environmental, and social aspects of solar PV water pumping projects in Iran. Most of the research has been conducted during the last few years, indicating an increased recognition of the possible advantages of this technology. Finally, this review provides valuable insights for researchers and farmers, showcasing the benefits of solar PVWPS. It sets the stage for further innovation and implementation in the country's agricultural landscape, emphasizing the need for continued exploration and adoption of this sustainable approach.
Flow rate influence on sediment depth estimation in sewers using temperature sensors
Authors: Regueiro-Picallo Manuel , Schellart Alma , Jensen Henriette , Langeveld Jeroen , Viklander Maria , Lundy Lian
Published: June 2024

Enhancing sediment accumulation monitoring techniques in sewers will enable a better understanding of the build-up processes to develop improved cleaning strategies. Thermal sensors provide a solution to sediment depth estimation by passively monitoring temperature fluctuations in the wastewater and sediment beds, which allows evaluation of the heat-transfer processes in sewer pipes. This study analyses the influence of the flow conditions on heat-transfer processes at the water–sediment interface during dry weather flow conditions. For this purpose, an experimental campaign was performed by establishing different flow, temperature patterns, and sediment depth conditions in an annular flume, which ensured steady flow and room-temperature conditions. Numerical simulations were also performed to assess the impact of flow conditions on the relationships between sediment depth and harmonic parameters derived from wastewater and sediment-bed temperature patterns. Results show that heat transfer between water and sediment occurred instantaneously for velocities greater than 0.1 m/s, and that sediment depth estimations using temperature-based systems were barely sensitive to velocities between 0.1 and 0.4 m/s. A depth estimation accuracy of ±7 mm was achieved. This confirms the ability of using temperature sensors to monitor sediment build-up in sewers under dry weather conditions, without the need for flow monitoring.
JUHANI PALLASMAA E O ATO DE PROJETAR PARA OS SENTIDOS
Authors: de Oliveira Brito Leonardo , José Rigon Matheus , Gabbi Polli Paula , Moraes de Almeida Maristela
Published: June 2024

Tendo em vista a recorrente priorização da dimensão visual, em detrimento de outros fatores que também conformam a experiência na arquitetura, o objetivo deste artigo é investigar estratégias sensoriais de projeto na perspectiva do arquiteto Juhani Pallasmaa, importante autor sobre a fenomenologia da arquitetura. Trata-se de uma abordagem realizada na disciplina “Projeto: investigações teórico-práticas”, no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. O trabalho apresenta um estudo na praia do Pontal, em Florianópolis, Santa Catarina. Adota-se uma abordagem fenomenológica fundamentada na investigação de características sensoriais do lugar como base para uma intervenção paisagística representada pelo projeto arquitetônico de uma passarela de conexão entre áreas da praia do Pontal. A proposta elaborada evidencia características sensoriais do lugar que se fundem com o processo de projeto em arquitetura, por meio de elementos que se relacionam: qualidades materiais e táteis, referências de luz e sombra, aspectos visuais, particularidades sonoras, dinâmicas antrópicas e relações espaço-tempo. O estudo demonstra que a perspectiva de Juhani Pallasmaa pode contribuir na formação de estudantes, profissionais e pesquisadores, mediante a imersão do arquiteto no lugar, cooperando no desenvolvimento de estratégias projetuais para a definição das experiências que a arquitetura propiciará na relação entre pessoa e ambiente.
CONTRIBUIÇÃO DE MARROCOS ARAGÃO À ARQUITETURA MODERNA EM FORTALEZA
Authors: PAIVA RICARDO ALEXANDRE , NOGUEIRA DIÓGENES BEATRIZ HELENA
Published: June 2024

Este trabalho trata da trajetória do arquiteto Marrocos Aragão (1935-2023) no contexto da arquitetura moderna cearense. Nascido no Ipu, no noroeste do Ceará, realizou seus estudos no Colégio Franciscano em Tianguá, onde teve formação humanística e artística, fato que influenciou na escolha da profissão. Arquiteto “migrante”, viajou para o Rio de Janeiro em 1957, onde se formou em 1962 na Faculdade Nacional de Arquitetura da Universidade do Brasil. De volta à Fortaleza, realizou primeiramente projetos de residências e teve passagem rápida como professor na recém criada Escola de Arquitetura da UFC (1965). O projeto para o Terminal Rodoviário Eng° João Thomé (1969-1974), obra emblemática do modernismo arquitetônico do Ceará, constituiu um marco na carreira do arquiteto, tendo realizado também outras obras significativas, revelando, na maioria dos projetos, traços de grande inventividade. Assim, pretende-se investigar a trajetória profissional do arquiteto, resgatando sua formação, referências projetuais, práticas profissionais, bem como documentar e analisar as obras mais significativas.
PRÉ-FABRICAÇÃO
Authors: Lage Maurício , Magalhães do Vale Clécio
Published: June 2024

Neste artigo propõe-se problematizar distintos entendimentos do termo pré-fabricação adotados na literatura científica nacional recente e recuperar uma definição para o conceito a partir de suas práticas históricas — como uma relação temporal e espacial de organização do trabalho no processo produtivo. Por meio de Análise de Conteúdo são examinados e sistematizados trabalhos científicos (artigos, dissertações, teses, monografias, livros e capítulos de livros) dos campos da arquitetura e da engenharia, publicados entre os anos de 1996 e 2019, de forma a permitir inferências ao seu contexto social de forma objetiva. Como resultado, são explicitados pontos conflitantes em meio a produção científica analisada, ressaltada a relevância da clareza do conceito de pré-fabricação para vislumbrar seus potenciais como procedimento construtivo e indicadas possibilidades para novas práticas e historiografias.
Envolver, valorizar, conscientizar, reutilizar
Authors: Neves Fabrinny Batista , GOULART SOLANGE VIRGINIA GALARCA
Published: June 2024

O artigo apresenta a proposta de um Ecomuseu da Água para Natal (RN), buscando responder de que forma um museu comunitário pode contribuir para a sensibilização da problemática da água e, ainda, como a economia desse recurso pode ser inserida nos sistemas construtivos. Por meio de sua infraestrutura e paisagismo, o Ecomuseu tem como proposta oferecer uma experiência lúdica, educativa e conscientizadora sobre estratégias de reuso, aproveitamento de água para uso não potável e diminuição de risco de alagamento por meio de processo de drenagem e recarga do lençol freático. Busca, ainda, destacar tecnologias associadas à sua infraestrutura e paisagismo como recursos expográficos para enfatizar de forma didática o tema água. A metodologia incluiu levantamento bibliográfico, estudos de referências projetuais e bioclimáticas, soluções baseadas na natureza e design biofílico, incluindo sistemas passivos e extensivos para tratamento de esgoto. O referencial teórico aborda os conceitos de nova museologia e a questão do acesso à água e ao saneamento como direito humano e como aspectos de segurança hídrica. O projeto proposto inclui um conjunto de ações educativas conectadas ao fazer científico e de acesso às soluções construtivas adotadas para que o Ecomuseu se configure em um local de manifestação científica e artística para promover a conscientização, aprendizado e mobilização pela comunidade.
SABERES TRADICIONAIS DAS PIMENTAS BANIWA
Authors: Layane Cordeiro dos Santos Kissia , Barbalho Célia Regina Simonetti , Souza Cleiton Mota de , Nascimento Mateus Rebouças , Aquino Pereira Sammy
Published: June 2024

It examines the scientific and technological context that surrounds the production of the Pimenta Baniwa product and the protection of its originality, with the aim of discussing the issue of traditional knowledge that involves indigenous entrepreneurship in the Amazon. The focus of the study is the trajectory of the composition of the Pimenta Baniwa product type Jiquitaia and indigenous female protagonism. It establishes as a methodological element the metric studies of information, especially the bibliometric and patentometric field to measure the scientific and technological state of the topic, analyzing the mapping of scientific production on the topic using bibliometrics and technological indicators in patentometrics. The results demonstrate that there is a lot of scientific and technological material that contains pepper from the genus Capsicum ssp. as the main theme, however, when it comes to Baniwa Pepper, little is found within scientific research and regarding the technological domain, no type of protection directed to the product was found. It is concluded that the production of knowledge on the topic discussed is predominantly focused on the agrarian field, with an emphasis on expanding production and safeguarding pepper, with notable little production that addresses in depth the indigenous entrepreneurship of the Baniwa people.
GESTÃO DA INFORMAÇÃO PARA PRESERVAÇÃO DA MEMÓRIA DA BIENAL DO LIVRO DE ALAGOAS
Authors: Pereira de Almeida Ribeiro Fátima Caroline , Tenório Lima José Rodolfo , Alves Correia Barbosa Milka
Published: June 2024

The Alagoas Book Biennial is an initiative of the Federal University of Alagoas (Ufal) organised through its publishing house (Edufal). Consolidated over the years as the biggest cultural event in the state, the Alagoas Book Biennial is the only one organised by a public Higher Education Institution (HEI) in Brazil. Despite its importance for Alagoas, based on data obtained through interviews with people directly linked to the production of the event, it is clear that there are gaps in the preservation of information related to the Book Biennial, directly implying the search for data for the construction of the event every two years and resulting in a problem regarding the management of information for the preservation of its memory, compromising the performance of professionals involved in its realisation. The aim of this article is to describe the main problems with information management for preserving the memory of the Alagoas Book Biennial and to suggest strategies for improvement. As a contribution to practice, it presents a Draft Procedure for Memory Management at the Alagoas Book Biennial, seeking to provide tools for action and a repertoire for the event’s production and execution team.
Endodontic Surgery and Post-Treatment Apical Periodontitis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Iqbal Azhar , Khattak Osama , Almutairi Haifa Ali , Almaktoom Ibrahem Turki , A. Alanazi Gharam Radhi , Ali Alruwaili Khalid Hussain , Alruwaili Awsaf Murdhi , Ali Alftaikhah Sultan Abdulkareem , Issrani Rakhi , Mustafa Mohammed , Prabhu Namdeo
Published: June 2024

Background

It has been demonstrated that using innovative root-end filling materials speeds up the success of Endodontic Microsurgery (EMS) on teeth having root filling but still suffering from posttreatment Apical Periodontitis (AP). However, this has reopened the discussion about the long-term effectiveness of EMS conducted on such teeth.

Objectives

This study aimsto assess the long-term clinical and radiographic outcomes of endodontic surgical procedures in molars with radiographic evidence of secondary AP.

Methodology

A literature review was undertaken utilizing different databases, including MEDLINE (through PubMed), EMBASE, and Web of Science. The terms used for the search were ‘endodontic microsurgery,’ ‘apical microsurgery,’ ‘periapical disorders,’ ‘root canal therapy,’ ‘apicoectomy,’ ‘retreatment,’ ‘treatment result,’ “retrograde obturation,” and ‘success rate.’ In order to choose the most reliable longitudinal data, specific inclusion and exclusion criteria were established in advance. Only studies that met inclusion criteria for clinical and radiographic outcomes were considered, including prospective clinical studies and randomized clinical trials with at least two-year follow-ups.

Results

The study of the databases yielded 561 articles in total. From the 115 articles with full texts available, unrelated articles (105) were removed. Our inclusion criteria were met by an overall of ten studies (six prospective clinical studies and four randomized clinical trials). With intervals for follow-up ranging from two to thirteen years, a pooled success rate of 91% from all 451 treated teeth included in the randomized clinical trials and a pooled success rate of 79% from a total of 839 encompassed teeth in the prospective clinical studies were observed. During the same length of time of observation, survival rates ranged from 78% to 100%. Smoking status, tooth position and type, the presence or absence of dentinal abnormalities, the thickness of the bone between the teeth (interproximal bone), and the substance used to fill the space at the end of the roots are the five predictive variables revealed.

Conclusion

When EMS is performed by skilled endodontists who can deliver high success rates and reliable results, teeth afflicted by secondary AP have a good prognosis and can be preserved.