bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geometric Relationship between Word and Context Representations
Authors: Feng Jiangtao , Zheng Xiaoqing
Published: November 2022

Pre-trained distributed word representations have been proven to be useful in various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, the geometric basis of word representations and their relations to the representations of word's contexts has not been carefully studied yet. In this study, we first investigate such geometric relationship under a general framework, which is abstracted from some typical word representation learning approaches, and find out that only the directions of word representations are well associated to their context vector representations while the magnitudes are not. In order to make better use of the information contained in the magnitudes of word representations, we propose a hierarchical Gaussian model combined with maximum a posteriori estimation to learn word representations, and extend it to represent polysemous words. Our word representations have been evaluated on multiple NLP tasks, and the experimental results show that the proposed model achieved promising results, comparing to several popular word representations.
A Multi-View Fusion Neural Network for Answer Selection
Authors: Sha Lei , Zhang Xiaodong , Qian Feng , Chang Baobao , Sui Zhifang
Published: November 2022

Community question answering aims at choosing the most appropriate answer for a given question, which is important in many NLP applications. Previous neural network-based methods consider several different aspects of information through calculating attentions. These different kinds of attentions are always simply summed up and can be seen as a ``single view", causing severe information loss. To overcome this problem, we propose a Multi-View Fusion Neural Network, where each attention component generates a ``view'' of the QA pair and a fusion RNN integrates the generated views to form a more holistic representation.    In this fusion RNN method, a filter gate  collects  important information of  input and directly adds it to the output, which borrows the idea of residual networks.    Experimental results on the WikiQA and SemEval-2016 CQA datasets demonstrate that our proposed model outperforms the state-of-the-art methods.
Unity in Diversity: Learning Distributed Heterogeneous Sentence Representation for Extractive Summarization
Authors: Singh Abhishek , Gupta Manish , Varma Vasudeva
Published: November 2022

Automated multi-document extractive text summarization is a widely studied research problem in the field of natural language understanding. Such extractive mechanisms compute in some form the worthiness of a sentence to be included into the summary. While the conventional approaches rely on human crafted document-independent features to generate a summary, we develop a data-driven novel summary system called HNet, which exploits the various semantic and compositional aspects latent in a sentence to capture document independent features. The network learns sentence representation in a way that, salient sentences are closer in the vector space than non-salient sentences. This semantic and compositional feature vector is then concatenated with the document-dependent features for sentence ranking. Experiments on the DUC benchmark datasets (DUC-2001, DUC-2002 and DUC-2004) indicate that our model shows significant performance gain of around 1.5-2 points in terms of ROUGE score compared with the state-of-the-art baselines.
Empower Sequence Labeling with Task-Aware Neural Language Model
Authors: Liu Liyuan , Shang Jingbo , Ren Xiang , Xu Frank , Gui Huan , Peng Jian , Han Jiawei
Published: November 2022

Linguistic sequence labeling is a general approach encompassing a variety of problems, such as part-of-speech tagging and named entity recognition. Recent advances in neural networks (NNs) make it possible to build reliable models without handcrafted features. However, in many cases, it is hard to obtain sufficient annotations to train these models. In this study, we develop a neural framework to extract knowledge from raw texts and empower the sequence labeling task. Besides word-level knowledge contained in pre-trained word embeddings, character-aware neural language models are incorporated to extract character-level knowledge. Transfer learning techniques are further adopted to mediate different components and guide the language model towards the key knowledge. Comparing to previous methods, these task-specific knowledge allows us to adopt a more concise model and conduct more efficient training. Different from most transfer learning methods, the proposed framework does not rely on any additional supervision. It extracts knowledge from self-contained order information of training sequences. Extensive experiments on benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of leveraging character-level knowledge and the efficiency of co-training. For example, on the CoNLL03 NER task, model training completes in about 6 hours on a single GPU, reaching F_1 score of 91.71+/-0.10 without using any extra annotations.
PASAR — Planning as Satisfiability with Abstraction Refinement
Authors: Froleyks Nils , Balyo Tomas , Schreiber Dominik
Published: November 2022

One of the classical approaches to automated planning is the reduction to propositional satisfiability (SAT). Recently, it has been shown that incremental SAT solving can increase the capabilities of several modern encodings for SAT-based planning. In this paper, we present a further improvement to SAT-based planning by introducing a new algorithm named PASAR based on the principles of counterexample guided abstraction refinement (CEGAR). As an abstraction of the original problem, we use a simplified encoding where interference between actions is generally allowed. Abstract plans are converted into actual plans where possible or otherwise used as a counterexample to refine the abstraction. Using benchmark domains from recent International Planning Competitions, we compare our approach to different state-of-the-art planners and find that, in particular, combining PASAR with forward state-space search techniques leads to promising results.
Interleaving Search and Heuristic Improvement
Authors: Franco Santiago , Torralba Alvaro
Published: November 2022

Abstraction heuristics are a leading approach for deriving admissible estimates in cost-optimal planning. However, a drawback with respect to other families of heuristics is that they require a preprocessing phase for choosing the abstraction, computing the abstract distances, and/or suitable cost-partitionings. Typically, this is performed in advance by a fixed amount of time, even though some instances could be solved much faster with little or no preprocessing. We interleave the computation of abstraction heuristics with search, avoiding a long precomputation phase and allowing information from the search to be used for guiding the abstraction selection. To evaluate our ideas, we implement them on a planner that uses a single symbolic PDB. Our results show that delaying the preprocessing is not harmful in general even when an important amount of preprocessing is required to obtain good performance.
An Improved Meet in the Middle Algorithm for Graphs with Unit Costs
Authors: Sewell Edward , Pavlik John , Jacobson Sheldon
Published: November 2022

This paper proves several new properties of the Meet in the Middle (MMe) bidirectional heuristic search algorithm when applied to graphs with unit edge costs. Primarily, it is shown that the length of the first path discovered by MMe never exceeds the optimal length by more than one and that if the length of the first path found is odd, then it must be optimal. These properties suggest that the search strategy should emphasize finding a complete path as soon as possible. Computational experiments demonstrate that fully exploiting these new properties can decrease the number of nodes expanded by anywhere from twofold to over tenfold.
Biologically inspired innovation: a review on structural materials and manufacturing
Authors: Carreño Melissa Anahí Olvera , Mireles Eddie Nahúm Armendáriz , Rocha-Rangel Enrique
Published: November 2022

Several natural materials have demonstrated excellent mechanical performance and have abundant resources and friendly chemistry. Additionally, these materials have evolved to have optimized weight and maximized strength and energy absorption at the macro-, micro- and nanostructural levels. However, engineers still face challenges regarding the same issues. Therefore, this paper aims to identify the current literature on structural materials and their manufacturing methods. In this regard, a review was conducted to assess the extent of the literature in local databases through a research question and Boolean operators. The results were classified into four main categories, plastic, metals, ceramic composite materials and organism-oriented structural materials, and their mechanical properties (energy absorption, fracture toughness, stiffness) are discussed. The results of this study can be generalized and easily comprehended by scientists, innovators, researchers and the public. This review discusses structural materials for which enhancement of mechanical properties is of vital importance. Finally, this study illustrates how bioinspiration provides a powerful tool for tuning the mechanical properties of diverse materials through structural arrangement with no significant modification to the composition of the constituent materials. Moreover, it addresses trends in manufacturing processing routes and their scalability to drive further innovation in the field.
Hyperphosphatemia in Dialysis Patients National Multicenter Study
Authors: MD Antonio , RS Ivonne , ES Geovani , RL Karina , AB Claudia Alejandra , CM Rodolfo Antonio , EC Luis Alberto , AR Miguel , RCM Omar , PA Gilberto , AR Laura Gabriela , CR Víctor Hugo , DA Carlos , S Koens
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Hyperphosphatemia (HPFT) is a complication that is exacerbated proportionally to the degree of kidney damage, and leads to vascular calcification and increased cardiovascular risk. The objective of the present study is to determine the frequency of hyperphosphatemia in patients with chronic dialysis treatment. Material and methods: This is a cross-sectional, observational, retrospective and analytical study. Real-life national multicenter study, conducted from January 1 to March 31, 2022. It includes subjects with chronic dialysis (>3 months stay), >16 years, from the public and private sectors. Does not include patients treated with phosphate binders or vitamin D receptor analogs; only treated with calcium derivatives in different formulations. Gender, age, causes of kidney failure, serum phosphorus values (mg/dL), calcium (mg/dL) and parathyroid hormone (pg/mL) are identified. Results: 2,176 subjects, 1,205 from the public sector (55%) and 971 private (45%). 1,063 (49%) male and 1,113 female (51%), with a mean age of 51.4 years (range 16-88). 794 with diabetes (36%), 559 arterial hypertension (26%) and 823 unknown (38%). The mean serum calcium values were 8.75 mg/dL (SD ± 1.01; range: 6.1-12.7) and phosphorus 5.15 mg/dL (SD ± 3.04; range: 2.5-18.1). 1,435 subjects presented HPFT (66%), 903 mild (41%), 450 moderate (21%, mean 5.7 mg/dL) and 82 severe (4%, mean: 9.2 mg/dL). Parathyroid hormone was determined in 33% (mean 614.87 pg/ mL, SD 628.64; range: 53.3 -3,803). Conclusions: HPFT is frequent in patients with chronic dialysis, it affects regardless of gender, age, primary cause of kidney disease and even after receiving adequate dialysis treatment. Significant increase in HPFT was observed in peritoneal dialysis patients.
Formulation Development of Calcium Magnesium Inositol Hexaphosphate, Calcium Gluconate and Low Dosage Ergocalciferol (Vitamin D2) Combination Granule Using Amixon Mixer Equipment
Authors: C Yilmaz , K Kol , C Toprak , G Gun , E Babuc
Published: November 2022

Ergocalciferol, Calcium Magnesium Inositol Hexaphosphate, Calcium Gluconate combination, prophylaxis and treatment of rickets, osteopathy, spasmophilia, disorders of bone formation and teething, disorders of calcium metabolism, Vitamin D2 and situations where the demand for calcium is increased, breastfeeding children or children with insufficient intake of fresh air; immunosuppressants, aluminum containing antacids are used to treat patients undergoing treatment with diuretics. The aim of this study is to optimize the mixing time of our Ergocalciferol, Calcium Magnesium Inositol Hexaphosphate, and Calcium Gluconate combination product using Amixon mixer equipment. The suitability of the applied equipment will be evaluated by quantitative analysis and content uniformity analysis.
Rocky nests are better nesting sites than woodpecker cavities for the Eastern Rock Nuthatch Sitta Tephronota
Authors: Shafaeipour Arya , Fathinia Behzad , Michalczuk Jerzy
Published: November 2022

The reproductive success of birds depends on many factors, including nest construction and placement. In the mountainous regions of southwestern Iran, broods of Eastern Rock Nuthatch Sitta tephronota were surveyed in 2016 and 2017. During the study, 11 broods in rocky cavities and 16 in abandoned Syrian woodpeckers’ Dendrocopos syriacus tree cavities were compared in terms of breeding performance (phenology, clutch size, hatching success, number of fledglings, breeding success). The Eastern Rock Nuthatch began egg-laying on March 24 and continued until April 15. The number of eggs in the clutch ranged from 3 and 7 (mean 5.6±1.19, median 6, N = 27). The two types of clutches compared usually contained 6 eggs, and the number of nestlings was statistically lower in tree cavities than in rocky nests. Hatching success was almost 30% higher in rocky nests than in tree cavities. In broods located in trees, 4 nestlings hatched most often (42%, N = 12), and in rock nests, 5 nestlings hatched (50%, N = 10). Rocky nests were also statistically greater (by over 40%) for breeding success. For all analysed broods and broods with success, roughly two extra fledglings left the rocky nests compared with tree cavities. 5 fledglings (50%, N = 10) most often left rocky nests, whereas, in general, 4 fledglings (50%, N = 10) left tree nests. Research results did not confirm that woodpecker cavities are safe nest sites for cavity dwellers.
Violencia de Género en el departamento del Meta 2015
Authors: García Balaguera César , Méndez Alonso Aracely
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Describir el comportamiento y la respuesta del sistema de salud ante la violencia de género en el departamento del Meta, Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Se diseñó un estudio observacional de corte transversal, con los casos notificados por violencia sexual y de género en el departamento, durante 2015. Resultados: Se estudiaron 1569 casos, la edad promedio fue de 20,7 años, la mayoría mujeres 81,7%, de ingresos bajos 59,44%, amas de casa 36,9% o estudiantes 20,72%, el agresor más frecuente fue un hombre joven (14-45 años) 67,18%, que tiene relación afectiva con la víctima y convive con ella. La violencia física 46,4%, la negligencia-abandono 25,18% y el abuso sexual 24,16% son las modalidades de mayor ocurrencia. El mecanismo agresor más común es el arma corto contundente 52,35% y el sitio anatómico más afectado, cara, cuello y manos 36,3%. El sitio más frecuente de agresión fue la vivienda 73,4% y los lugares públicos. Se evidenció población vulnerable afectada como son las gestantes y víctimas de violencia armada. El sistema de salud actúa en la atención integral en forma efectiva, se limita a la atención del daño físico y no activa la ruta de atención establecida, generando mayores riesgos a la víctima. Conclusiones: Se encuentra una alta incidencia de violencia de género, los factores de riesgo encontrados: ser mujer, estudiante o ama de casa, unión libre, bajo ingreso y bajo nivel educativo. El sistema de salud debe involucrarse en la atención integral del evento.
La comprensión de la salud como metacapacidad en el Programa Familia, Mujer e Infancia
Authors: Pérez Tamayo Eliana María , Peñaranda Correa Fernando
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Comprender el enfoque de la promoción del desarrollo humano en el Programa Familia Mujer e Infancia (FAMI), del centro zonal nororiental del Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar, seccional Medellín (Antioquia), analizando los aportes que esta promoción puede hacer a las teorías y prácticas de salud pública. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cualitativo con sustento teórico en el enfoque de capacidades humanas de Martha Nussbaum y de la salud como metacapacidad de Sridhar Venkatapuram, así como metodológico en técnicas etnográficas. En esta investigación se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad a madres comunitarias, madres usuarias y profesionales del programa. Asimismo, se hizo observación participante en distintos escenarios comunitarios. Resultados: Los resultados se relacionan con un grupo de siete capacidades centrales suscitadas desde el programa FAMI. Conclusión: las siete capacidades identificadas entre las madres del programa FAMI, interactúan de manera sinérgica para potencializar la salud como metacapacidad para el logro de una vida digna.
Características de viviendas de interés prioritario y condiciones de salud de familias residentes, Medellín, 2008-2013
Authors: Cardona Isaza Eliana Shirley , Villa García Sergio Andrés , Machado Luna Esneider , López Arango Yolanda Lucía
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Describir las condiciones generales de las viviendas de interés prioritario (VIP) construidas entre 2008-2013 en Medellín, las características sociodemográficas y la morbilidad autoreportada de las familias que las habitan. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, ambispectivo y transversal. Muestra representativa, proporcional y aleatoria de 380 viviendas en 13 urbanizaciones en cuatro comunas y dos corregimientos de Medellín, en 2014. Se analizaron variables sociales, económicas, demográficas, ambientales, de salud y características de las viviendas. Información primaria: encuesta y ficha de caracterización de viviendas; información secundaria: base de datos de Instituto Social de Vivienda y Hábitat de Medellín. Resultados: Se construyeron proyectos de VIP en edificios con altura entre 5-11 pisos, en comunas periféricas de la ciudad, estratos 1-2. Área entre 44,75 y 47,4 m2; 100% subsidiadas por recursos de inversión pública; 63,9% han sido mejoradas por sus habitantes; promedio dos cuartos por vivienda. De 1564 residentes, 32,5% son categoría especial (desplazados, afrodescendientes, etnias); predominó la población estudiantil 33%; 12,6% (198) registraron eventos de morbilidad autorreportada relacionada con la vivienda; de éstos, 53% fueron infección respiratoria aguda, 6,6% enfermedad diarreica aguda y 0,38% (6) accidentes en su interior. Mencionaron molestias desde que habitan la vivienda por ruido o música de vecinos 62,6%, nerviosismo-estrés 55%, problemas para dormir 32,4%, tristeza profunda 31% y desean regresar al sitio anterior 34,7%. Conclusión: Se detectó la necesidad de continuar con estudios futuros que establezcan la relación vivienda-salud.
Interseccionalidad en desigualdades en salud en Argentina: discusiones teórico-metodológicas a partir de una encuesta poblacional
Authors: Krause Mercedes , Ballesteros Matías Salvador
Published: November 2022

Objetivos: Contribuir a las discusiones teórico-metodológicas sobre la interseccionalidad, analizando las desigualdades en salud de la población de 18 años y más, residente en zonas urbanas de Argentina. Materiales y Métodos: A través de regresiones logísticas, se aborda el efecto del sexo, la edad, la clase social y la región de residencia sobre la autopercepción del estado de salud y la existencia de limitaciones en la vida cotidiana asociadas a una enfermedad crónica diagnosticada. Para ello, se analiza la Encuesta de Utilización y Gastos en Servicios de Salud realizada en 2010 en Argentina. Resultados: Tanto la autopercepción del estado de salud como las limitaciones en la vida cotidiana producto de una enfermedad crónica diagnosticada se encuentran estadísticamente relacionadas con la posición de clase social, la edad, el sexo y la región de residencia. Las regresiones logísticas por separado para hombres y mujeres muestran que las desigualdades de clase tienden a ser mayores entre las mujeres y menores entre los hombres, para ambos indicadores de salud aquí analizados. Conclusiones: El peor estado de salud de las mujeres en relación con los hombres no se reparte de manera homogénea entre los distintos grupos sociales, lo que indica una interacción entre estratifi cadores sociales.
Actividad física en el tiempo libre y consumo de frutas y verduras en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Rangel Caballero Luis Gabriel , Murillo López Alba Liliana , Gamboa Delgado Edna Magaly
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación entre el consumo de frutas y verduras, tabaquismo y consumo perjudicial de alcohol y la actividad física en cada dominio en estudiantes universitarios de Bucaramanga, Colombia. Metodología: Estudio analítico de corte transversal en estudiantes (n=385) de una universidad privada de Bucaramanga, en el año 2016. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos, bivariados y múltiples usando modelos de regresión logística. Para la recolección de la información se aplicó el cuestionario para la vigilancia de factores de riesgo de enfermedades crónicas de la Organización Mundial de la salud. Se solicitó el consentimiento informado por escrito a los participantes. Resultados: El 39,48% de los estudiantes participantes eran físicamente inactivos. El 52,21% presentó consumo excesivo episódico de alcohol. El 16,88% fuma de manera regular y el 87,21% reportó un bajo consumo de frutas y verduras. Después de ajustar por sexo, edad y nivel socioeconómico, la actividad física en el tiempo libre resultó asociada con el bajo consumo de frutas y verduras (OR: 0,48, IC 95%: 0,24, 0,96, p=0,040). Conclusiones: Los estudiantes que realizan más actividad física durante el tiempo libre tienen menor probabilidad de presentar bajo consumo de frutas y verduras. Es importante implementar estrategias que promuevan la adquisición de hábitos de vida saludable en población universitaria con el fi n de disminuir el riesgo futuro de padecer enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles.
Meaning of conceptions and self-care practices in youth health: a cultural approach
Authors: Pico Merchán María Eugenia , Sánchez Palacio Natalia , Giraldo Guayara Daniela
Published: November 2022

Objective: To identify the meanings that young students attribute to conceptions and practices of selfcare in health from a cultural approach. Methodology: The methodology addressed was qualitative from an ethnographic orientation, based on 23 in-depth interviews to young students from three basic high school education institutions in Manizales. The analysis highlights the selection of trends and the initial descriptive codes, which gave place to subcategories and categories that, nurtured the construction of meanings that participants attribute to conceptions and practices face up to self-care in health. Results: The meanings conceived as a symbolic construction that participants attribute to self-care in health were described from their heterogeneity, because the conceptions and practices arise from the cultural. Self-care of health is perceived as a family matter, from a perspective of co-responsibility and parental support. The emergence of the category of work as a practice stresses the subjective world of youth, generating contradictions, motivations, expectations and new subjective meanings. However, the nature of these works in precarious circumstances shows the difficulties in their material, social, cultural and symbolic conditions of life. Conclusions: The participants construct the meanings of self-care in health from the mobilization of knowledge and practices from the ideal of family matter, seen as parental support. The emergent category of work is a producer of new meanings, those that reveal precarious material, social and symbolic conditions associated with the youthful experiential connection.
Barriers to the care of febrile patients in a malaria endemic area : El Bagre (Antioquia, Colombia) 2016.
Authors: Rincón Vásquez Diana , Morales Suárez Varela María M. , Tobón Castaño Alberto
Published: November 2022

Objective: identify constraints of patients with acute febrile syndrome to institutional care services access, emphasizing the identification of communication barriers. Method: this is a descriptive study that involves qualitative research techniques including malaria care service patients as well as assistance and administrative personnel of El Bagre town in Antioquia, Colombia in 2016. Semi-structured individual surveys, interviews and focus groups were used. Results: users listed difficulties including transportation, insufficient number of appointments and absence of personnel to access healthcare. Communication difficulties were related to the information provided in the paperwork and documents filled out to attend healthcare facilities, scarce information about diagnostic, control, and adherence to antimalarial treatment; additionally some patients did not use Spanish to communicate in oral or write form. Conclusion: the creation of health models based on structural transformations that encompass the needs of Healthcare System actors and communities is a must, which allows the establishment of foundations for a multicultural society Project.
Sustainable agricultural online course development framework for community-based transformative learning
Authors: Van Staden W. , Sisitka L. , Van Lingen S.
Published: November 2022

This paper examines the change drivers and challenges involved in the transitioning of the Water Research Commission’s Amanzi for Food training of agricultural educators and farmers’ face-to-face co-engaged course to an online course aligned with Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) (www.amanziforfood.co.za). The study drew on system thinking to analyse components within the course development activity system. Insights from stakeholder engagement and expansive learning processes fed into key emergent themes which informed the e-learning processes. The research highlights how the development and implementation of a sustainable training programme using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools bring together learning processes occurring within different interconnected dimensions and in complex and unpredictable ways. It became clear that to utilise e-learning as a mediating artifact capable of facilitating social transformation towards suitability expansively, certain conditions needed to be in place. The drivers that impacted the development of e-learning as a mediating tool included the need to find an alternative learning platform for broader dissemination of Rain Water Harvesting & Conservation (RWH&C) knowledge and alignment with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study concludes that this transition requires specific tools, adequate time, an understanding of e-learning pedagogical processes and learning platform functionalities (requiring upskilling of the digital literacy of the development team and other actors), and workable data-efficient or data-free, smartphone-friendly training and communication platforms.
PECULIARITIES OF SOME KAMCHATKA SOILS AND NECESSITY OF THEIR PRESERVATION
Authors:   Kamchatka Branch of Pacific Geographical Institute FEВ RAS, Kazakov N.V.
Published: November 2022

The characteristics of four soils of the Kamchatka Peninsula that are mostly needed protection are presented in the article. Reference plots have been allocated for two of them, which are proposed for inclusion in the Red Book of Soils of Russia. Their morphology is described; photos of soil profiles, cartographies of their location are given. One of the sites characterizes ochre typical soil which is zonal for the region, the other – a rare soil on diatomite deposits. A plot located in the area of the village Sosnovka (Yelizovsky district) which earlier was the basis for the most complete description of the first soil was proposed as a reference for it. The reference for the second soil is a small relief lowering, located at the southern tip of Sredinny Range in the valley of the Plotnikov River, representing the only location of this soil on the peninsula. Each site proposed for protection is recommended to be given the protected status of a ‟Natural monument” of regional significance.
Inflammatory Polyneuropathy Associated with Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Authors: Hong Sang-Wook , Kim Hye- Ryoun , Ahn Suk-Won
Published: November 2022

Inflammatory polyneuropathy may be associated with various tumorous diseases, including hematological malignancy. A 50-year-old man visited neurologic department complaining of bilateral lower extremities weakness, tingling sensation and weight loss. Initially he was diagnosed as demyelinating sensorimotor polyneuropathy after performing the nerve conduction study, furthermore myelodysplastic syndrome was revealed by the hematologic tests and bone marrow examination. Conclusively, high-dose steroid therapy, intravenous immunoglobulin and chemotherapy improved neurological symptoms. This case suggests myelodysplastic syndrome could be uncommon cause of the inflammatory polyneuropathy.
Fecal Incontinence as a Symptom of Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Lee Sang-Soo
Published: November 2022

I report three cases of fecal incontinence during the clinical course of myasthenia gravis. Fecal incontinence developed after withdrawal from the pyridostigmine and improved after re-administration of the pyridostigmine. Myasthenia gravis could affect external anal sphincter and puborectalis function. Myasthenia gravis is presumably one of the causes of fecal incontinence. We must check for fecal incontinence in the patients with myasthenia gravis.
Hereditary Diffuse Leukoencephalopathy with Axonal Spheroids Mistaken for Stroke: A Case Report
Authors: Hwang Sean , Ha Jangwan , Choi Min Young , Jeong Heejeong , Cho Eun Bin , Yang Tae-Won , Park Ki-Jong , Jung Seunguk , Kim Seung Joo
Published: November 2022

Hereditary diffuse leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids (HDLS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder that is caused by colony stimulating factor 1 receptor gene mutation degenerating the cerebral white matter. It is characterized by various symptoms such as progressive cognitive decline, personality changes, and motor disorders. Since these clinical features are not consistent, HDLS is often underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed. This case report presents a patient priorly diagnosed with cerebral infarction by clinical features, but eventually with HDLS by a genetic test.
Improving the Effectiveness of Teaching: The Impact of Interactive Methods in Teaching English Students as They Increase Their Proficiency Level to B2
Authors: Wagner Monica-Nataliia Laurensovna , Kupriyanova Milana Evgenievna , Maximova Olga Borisovna , Ovezova Umeda Akparovna
Published: November 2022

The current practice of teaching foreign languages in universities is largely driven by global trends of changes in the methods and technologies of teaching, which involve the use of interactive methods. Interactive teaching methods are a means of stimulating students’ interest in learning foreign languages, as they help to make the learning process more exciting and fulfilling. The aim of the study is to propose the optimal methods of interactive teaching of English to students of medical specialties when raising their level of proficiency to B2. A method of interactive learning in speaking professional (medical) English with the use of group work methods is proposed and experimentally tested. The aim of the experimental methodology is to create a comfortable learning environment that encourages the student to interactive improvement so as to improve the skills and abilities of professional communication in English on professional topics to the B2 level of language proficiency. The results suggest a positive dynamic in the performance indicators of medical students taught with the interactive method. At the same time, the absence of positive dynamics in performance indicators is detected among the students taught using the traditional method.
Typos’ Effects on Web-Based Programming Code Output: A Computational Linguistics Study
Authors: Iksora  , Arafah Burhanuddin , Syafruddin Syanuwalini , Muchtar Jumardin , Lestari Puji Ayu
Published: November 2022

Computational linguistics is concerned with understanding language from a computational perspective and constructing artifacts that are useful in processing and generating language. In the use of language, whether human language or programming language, there can be an error that makes the language not understood properly. One of the errors that often occurs is syntax error. In language, a syntax error is a mistake in using a language that involves organizing words and phrases that do not make sense. While in programming, a syntax error is an error in writing code in a program that makes the format or information unrecognizable by the computer system. Such errors are the simplest of errors but can affect many aspects of the final code output. This article aims to show how writing errors or typos in programming code can affect some or all of the results. The data obtained is data from web programming code that is used to make the website display the Geographic Information System Clustering the Distribution of Stunting Disease in Banggai Regency with K-Means, and also the R programming code used to calculate the stunting distribution using K-Means. The results of this article will show that a typo, even just a letter or any single punctuation, can affect the program’s final result.
Artifi cial Intelligence Technologies in the Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Control Systems
Authors: Mashoshin A. I.
Published: November 2022

The purpose of the paper is to present the experience of developing algorithms implemented in the AUV control system using artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. The author’s view on the content of the concept of AI in relation to the creation of complex technical systems is presented. Two of the most promising, according to the author, AI technologies are identified: 1) development of the basic algorithm and its improvement based on the results of comprehensive modeling in various operating conditions; 2) creation of a problem-oriented artificial neural network and its deep learning using a large amount of experimentally obtained training material. It is stated that both technologies are quite time-consuming and require a long time to implement. But if the completeness and adequacy of modeling of the conditions in which the system being created is supposed to function plays a key role in modeling technology, then in machine learning technology, the availability of a sufficient amount of training material comes to the fore (in the case of developing vision systems — images of recognizable objects, the number of which can number many thousands).The paper presents the structure of the multi-agent control system of AUV, focuses on the complexity of the tasks it solves and the need to use AI technologies in its creation. It is shown that of all the tasks solved by the AUV control system, AI methods are most in demand for solving two categories of tasks: 1) recognition of the current situation and making an adequate decision in this situation in the interests of completing the route task; 2) search for the designated bottom object among many other bottom objects of natural and artificial origin. The use of AI technologies is demonstrated by the example of the development using a specially created simulation stand of the AUV control algorithm when bypassing an extended. It is proposed to solve the problem of detecting and recognizing a designated bottom object using deep learning technology of a problem-oriented artificial neural network with the peculiarity that the training material is formed programmatically in the form of digital images of the desired bottom object at the output of hydroacoustic, optical and electromagnetic means of monitoring the bottom in various conditions of their observation.
Study of an Underwater Robot with an Undulating Propulsion Fin
Authors: Ahmad A. , Wassouf Y. , Konovalov K. V. , Yuschenko A. S.
Published: November 2022

The article is devoted to the study and analysis of the mechanism of undulating propulsion in the case of its application in underwater robots. It gives a brief review of studies related to developing a mathematical model of the movement of an underwater robot. Robot using two-symmetry undulating fin. This mathematical model imitates the movement of some fish species, such as batoid rays. The purpose of the study was to substantiate the possibility of creating a propulsion mechanism. In this mechanism the undulating movement of the fin is provided by individual elements controlled by servomotors. With appropriate control, these movements provide the propagation of the wave in the flexible fin of the robot. The advantage of this approach is a significant increase in the maneuverability of the device compared to existing traditional models. Also, the movement becomes almost silent. The experiments performed on a robot prototype. As a result, a relation is found between the parameters of the undulating movement and the linear speed and thrust of each fin. The parameters of undulating movement such frequency and amplitude are analyzed, to provide stable movement of the underwater robot. The experiments confirmed the possibility of implementing the proposed control method. They Showed the possibilities of controlling the direction of propulsion force by changing oscillating phase of each fin ray. Also, the possibilities of controlling the thrust of the fin by changing the amplitude and frequency of undulating movement of the fin.
Spectrophotometric Analysis of Quaternary Drug Mixtures using Artificial Neural network model
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Pure Science/ Ibn Al-Haitham, Adhamiya, University of Baghdad, Baghdad-Iraq, Hamody Azhar S. , Zankanah Faeza H. ,   Department of Prosthodontics Technology, College of Health and Medical Technology, Uruk University, Baghdad-Iraq, Ali Saad A. ,   Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Pure Science/ Ibn Al-Haitham, Adhamiya, University of Baghdad, Baghdad-Iraq, Alassaf Nahla ,   Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Pure Science/ Ibn Al-Haitham, Adhamiya, University of Baghdad, Baghdad-Iraq, Dikran Sarmad B. ,   Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Pure Science/ Ibn Al-Haitham, Adhamiya, University of Baghdad, Baghdad-Iraq
Published: November 2022

A Novel artificial neural network (ANN) model was constructed for calibration of a multivariate model for simultaneously quantitative analysis of the quaternary mixture composed of carbamazepine, carvedilol, diazepam, and furosemide. An eighty-four mixing formula where prepared and analyzed spectrophotometrically. Each analyte was formulated in six samples at different concentrations thus twentyfour samples for the four analytes were tested. A neural network of 10 hidden neurons was capable to fit data 100%. The suggested model can be applied for the quantitative chemical analysis for the proposed quaternary mixture.
Pilot Round of Proficiency Testing Scheme for Determination of Main Quality Characteristics of Oil Cake
Authors:   State Scientific Research Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics and Veterinary and Sanitary expertise, Ukraine, Chechet О.М. , Haidei О.S. ,   State Scientific Research Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics and Veterinary and Sanitary expertise, Ukraine, Ischenko M.V. ,   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Masluk А.V. ,   State Scientific Research Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics and Veterinary and Sanitary expertise, Ukraine, Shulyak S.V. ,   State Scientific Research Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics and Veterinary and Sanitary expertise, Ukraine
Published: November 2022

The new scheme of proficiency testing of laboratories for determination of main quality characteristics of oil cake was developed. In pilot round was determined such quality characteristics as moisture content (I), mass fraction of fat (II) and mass fraction of crude protein (III). The control sample was prepared from the sample of rapeseed oil cake. It was determined that control sample was sufficiently stable and homogeneous. In the round participated 22 laboratories, which used different test methods. The results were processed by the method described in ISO 13528. Based on these calculations as assigned value for characteristics I and III was chosen robust mean value and for characteristic II - mode of results. As standard deviation of proficiency testing for characteristic I was chosen robust standard deviation and for characteristics II and III was chosen value which is predicted by equation of Horwitz-Thompson. It was determined, that for characteristics I and III different test methods gives equivalent results, so some unsatisfactory results of laboratories can be attributed to laboratory bias. For characteristic II clustering of results according to measurement method in observed. It was established, that outdated standard GOST 13496.15-97 gives higher mass fraction of fat compared to other test methods.
Patterns of the Disperse-phase Distribution of Organic Ecotoxicants in the Water of the World River Systems
Authors:   A.V. Dumansky Institute of Colloid Chemistry and Water Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Milyukin M.V. , Gorban М.V. ,   A.V. Dumansky Institute of Colloid Chemistry and Water Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: November 2022

The results of the dispersed-phase distribution of major classes of organic ecotoxicants such as organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the water of various river systems have been discussed in the current research. The main parameters of water quality in these river systems differ significantly. Despite this, the following constancy has been established for all studied river systems: the higher the hydrophobicity coefficient log (Ko/w) of the organic ecotoxicant, the smaller its water-soluble fraction. Relevant dependences have been established and their statistical processing has been carried out. The correlations determined are significant and reliable for most aquatic systems, with R ranging from 0.67 to 0.98 (P > 95%). It follows that the hydrophobicity coefficient of a compound is an essential parameter by which its disperse-phase distribution can be estimated. The results were almost identical for the Dnieper and Elbe rivers due to the similar physicochemical characteristics of these water systems.
Performance Exploration of Uncertain RF MEMS Switch Design with Uniform Meanders
Authors: Mohan C Leela , K Sarat Kumar K Ch Sri Kavya,
Published: November 2022

The design of RF-MEMS Switch is useful for future artificial intelligence applications. Radio detection and range estimation has been employed with RF MEMS technology. Attenuators, limiters, phase shifters, T/R switches, and adjustable matching networks are components of RF MEMS. The proposed RF MEMS technology has been introduced in T/R modules, lenses, reflect arrays, sub arrays and switching beam formers. The uncertain RF MEMS switches have been faced many issues like switching and voltage alterations. This study aims in the direction of design, simulation, model along with RF MEMS switching analysis including consistent curving or meandering. The proposed RF MEMS Switch is a flexure form of the Meanders that attain minimal power in nominal voltage. Moreover, this research work highlights the materials assortment in case of beam along with signal-based dielectric. The performance analysis is demonstrated for various materials that have been utilized in the design purpose. Further, better isolation is accomplished at the range of -31dB necessary regarding 8.06V pull-in voltage through a spring constant valued at 3.588N/m, switching capacitance analysis has been found to be 103 fF at ON state and 7.03pF at OFF state and the proposed switch is optimized to work at 38GHz. The designed RF MEMS switch is giving 30% voltage improvement; switching frequency is improved by 21.32% had been attained, which are outperformance the methodology and compete with present technology.
Generic finite-fault model for ground-motion prediction in eastern North America
Authors: Beresnev Igor A. , Atkinson Gail M.
Published: November 2022

Ground-motion models based on the Brune point-source approximation have an underlying ω2 spectrum, with a single corner frequency. These models over-predict observed spectral amplitudes at low to intermediate frequencies (∼0.1 to 2 Hz), for earthquakes with moment magnitudes M of 4 or greater. The empirical spectra of moderate to large events tend to sag at these frequencies, relative to the level suggested by the Brune point-source model.

A model that accounts for the finite extent of the fault plane correctly describes the observed spectral shapes. The model represents seismic radiation as a sum of contributions from several subfaults. Each subfault may be represented as a point source, and each subevent has an ω2 spectrum. When contributions to ground motion at an observation point are summed over all subfaults, the resulting spectral shape has two corner frequencies and more closely matches observed spectra. The more realistic spectral shape obtained through finite-fault modeling reflects the underlying reality that the radiation from real faults is formed by ruptures of their smaller parts, whose corner frequencies are higher than those implied by the full fault dimension. The two corners appear naturally as a result of subevent summation.

We use the stochastic finite-fault methodology to simulate the recorded ground-motion data from all significant earthquakes in eastern North America (ENA). These data include eight events of M > 4 recorded on modern digital instruments (regional seismographs and strong-motion instruments), and three historical events of M 5.8 to 7.3 recorded on analog instruments. The goodness of fit of synthetics to the data is defined as simulation bias, which is indicated by the difference between the logarithms of the observed and the simulated spectrum, averaged over all recordings of an earthquake. The finite-fault simulations provide an unbiased fit to the observational database over a broad frequency range (0.1 to 50 Hz), for all events.

A surprising conclusion of these simulations is that the subfault size that best fits the observed spectral shape increases linearly with moment magnitude, in an apparently deterministic manner. This strongly suggests that the subfault size can be unambiguously defined by the magnitude of the simulated earthquake. In this case, the radiation-strength factor(s), which is proportional to the square root of the high-frequency Fourier acceleration level, remains the only free parameter of the model. Its value is related to the maximum slip velocity on the fault. The strength factors for all modeled ENA events are within the range of 1.0 to 1.6, with the exception of the Saguenay mainshock (s = 2.2). This suggests a remarkable uniformity in earthquake slip processes.