bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correcting Wrongful Convictions in France
Authors: Verhesschen Katrien , Fijnaut Cyrille
Published: December 2020

Correcting Wrongful Convictions in France – Has the Act of 2014 Opened the Door to Revision?

The French ‘Code de procédure pénale’ provides the possibility to revise final criminal convictions. The Act of 2014 reformed the procedure for revision and introduced some important novelties. The first is that it reduced the different possible grounds for revision to one ground, which it intended to broaden. The remaining ground for revision is the existence of a new fact or an element unknown to the court at the time of the initial proceedings, of such a nature as to establish the convicted person’s innocence or to give rise to doubt about his guilt. The legislature intended judges to no longer require ‘serious doubt’. However, experts question whether judges will comply with this intention of the legislature. The second is the introduction of the possibility for the applicant to ask the public prosecutor to carry out the investigative measures that seem necessary to bring to light a new fact or an unknown element before filing a request for revision. The third is that the Act of 2014 created the ‘Cour de révision et de réexamen’, which is composed of eighteen judges of the different chambers of the ‘Cour de cassation’. This ‘Cour de révision et de réexamen’ is divided into a ‘commission d’instruction’, which acts as a filter and examines the admissibility of the requests for revision, and a ‘formation de jugement’, which decides on the substance of the requests. Practice will have to show whether these novelties indeed improved the accessibility of the revision procedure.
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor as a potential therapeutic tool in the treatment of nervous system disorders
Authors: Kazana Wioletta , Zabłocka Agnieszka
Published: December 2020

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an important role in the proper functioning of the nervous system. It regulates the growth and survival of nerve cells, and is crucial in processes related to the memory, learning and synaptic plasticity. Abnormalities related to the distribution and secretion of BDNF protein accompany many diseases of the nervous system, in the course of which a significant decrease in BDNF level in the brain is observed. Impairments of BDNF transport may occur, for example, in the event of a single nucleotide polymorphism in the Bdnf (Val66Met) coding gene or due to the dysfunctions of the proteins involved in intracellular transport, such as huntingtin (HTT), huntingtin-associated protein 1 (HAP1), carboxypeptidase E (CPE) or sortilin 1 (SORT1). One of the therapeutic goals in the treatment of diseases of the central nervous system may be the regulation of expression and secretion of BDNF protein by nerve cells. Potential therapeutic strategies are based on direct injection of the protein into the specific region of the brain, the use of viral vectors expressing the Bdnf gene, transplantation of BDNF-producing cells, the use of substances of natural origin that stimulate the cells of the central nervous system for BDNF production, or the use of molecules activating the main receptor for BDNF – tyrosine receptor kinase B (TrkB). In addition, an appropriate lifestyle that promotes physical activity helps to increase BDNF level in the body. This paper summarizes the current knowledge about the biological role of BDNF protein and proteins involved in intracellular transport of this neurotrophin. Moreover, it presents contemporary research trends to develop therapeutic methods, leading to an increase in the level of BDNF protein in the brain.
ONTOLOGIA E POÉTICA VISUAL NO ESPETÁCULO ADAM’S PASSION, DE ROBERT WILSON
Authors: Oliveira Klara Cruz de , Páscoa Luciane Viana Barros
Published: December 2020

O artista Robert Wilson é uma importante figura para o teatro contemporâneo, pois seus espetáculos teatrais são compostos de uma virtuosa visualidade, que se constitue em metáforas e signos que precisam ser decodificados pelo espectador de acordo com sua observação perante a obra. Com base em sua trajetória artística e pessoal é que percebemos a construção da identidade cênica e a maneira que são concebidas suas obras. Uma das formas de enunciação poética do artista acontece através da liberdade dada ao fruidor para experimentá-la, fazendo com que seus espetáculos sejam um conjunto de espectros de paisagens a serem elucidadas pelo próprio observador. Devido a isso, para adentrarmos em questões ontológicas evocadas pela visualidade do artista, é necessário que contextualizemos alguns relatos de sua trajetória pessoal. Essa foi uma das principais instâncias que fizeram com que questões conceituais fossem exploradas cenicamente por esse diretor teatral ao longo dos anos. Portanto, para que afunilemos este estudo, iremos visualizar os caminhos da narrativa do personagem bíblico Adão, no espetáculo Adam’s Passion. Ademais, nossos materiais metodológicos para esta investigação se imbricam nos pensamentos de ontologia da arte, concatenados por Currie (1989), e pela abordagem da análise de espetáculos de Belém (2014).
A MÍSTICA DE ETTY HILLESUM
Authors: Carrara Paulo Sérgio , Ferreira Vicente de Paula
Published: December 2020

O artigo situa-se no âmbito dos estudos sobre mística e espiritualidade no contexto pós-moderno. A mística se tornou tema recorrente nas Ciências da Religião e na Teologia, pelas perspectivas que abre tanto para a dimensão existencial da fé como para o diálogo inter-religioso. O presente artigo busca uma interface entre a mística de Etty Hillesum e a espiritualidade cristã. Embora Etty não pertença a nenhuma instituição religiosa, sua experiência de Deus evidencia aspectos cruciais para qualquer tradição religiosa ou espiritual. No que diz respeito aos cristãos, sua mística engendra o resgate de elementos decisivos da experiência cristã: a descoberta de Deus na interioridade como fonte do amor fraterno e universal, apontando caminhos que ajudam na superação de certos traços mágico-supersticiosos que marcam a espiritualidade cristã e a evangelização em tempos pós-modernos.
Modelling of Rotary EDM Process Parameters of Inconel 718 Using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: JEEVAMALAR Jayaraj , RAMABALAN Sundaresan , SENTHILKUMAR Chinnamuthu
Published: December 2020

Modelling is used for correlating the relationship between the input process parameters and the output responses during the machining process. To characterize real-world systems of considerable complexity, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model is regularly used to replace the mathematical approximation of the relationship. This paper explains the methodological procedure and the outcome of the ANN modeling process for Electrical Discharge Drilling of Inconel 718 superalloy and hollow tubular copper as tool electrode. The most important process parameters in this work are peak current, pulse on time and pulse off time with machining performances of material removal rate and surface roughness. The experiments were performed by L20 Orthogonal Array. In such conditions, an Artificial Neural Network model is developed using MATLAB programming on the Feed Forward Back Propagation technique was used to predict the responses. The experimental data were separated into three parts to train, test the network and validate the model. The developed model has been confirmed experimentally for training and testing in considering the number of iterations and mean square error convergence criteria. The developed model results are to approximate the responses fairly exactly. The model has the mean correlation coefficient of 0.96558. Results revealed that the proposed model can be used for the prediction of the complex EDM drilling process.
Model development and experimental validation of an exhaust brake supported dual loop exhaust gas recirculation on a medium duty Diesel engine
Authors: NYERGES Ádám , ZÖLDY Máté
Published: December 2020

Due to the new European emission norms internal combustion engines have to comply stricter rules. The new norms contain new requirements that were not included in previous regulations for example the decreased temperature of the cold start or the real driving emission part. The emission cycles for passenger vehicles are completely news, the stricter emission norms for commercial vehicles will follow them within a few years. Despite the increasing spread of alternative transmission systems in road transport Diesel engines are going to be remain in commercial vehicles in the next decades due to their good torque and fuel consumption performance. The emission of Diesel engines can be kept low by several way: by the modification of combustion processes, or by exhaust gas after treatment. To comply future regulations both of them seems to be necessary. By exhaust gas recirculation systems alternative Diesel combustion processes can be realized which can provide lower nitrogen-oxide emission and in several operation points also lower fuel consumption. Exhaust gas recirculation systems also can support the thermal management of a Diesel engine. To utilize the advantages of the recirculated exhaust gases a complex system is necessary to get a freedom in control possibilities: duel loop exhaust gas recirculated systems supplemented with supporter valves on the intake or on the exhaust side. In this paper a pressure and mass flow rate based control oriented engine model will be presented which contains high and low pressure exhaust gas recirculation systems and both of them are supported by exhaust brakes. The model considers four balance volumes and it has five state variables. The model is validated by an engine dyno measurements on a medium duty Diesel engine.
Motion of vibration manipulators with self stopping device in one direction with interactions of two non deformable elements in one direction
Authors: RAGULSKIS Kazimieras , SPRUOGIS Bronislovas , BOGDEVIČIUS Marijonas , MATULIAUSKAS Arvydas , MIŠTINAS Vygantas , RAGULSKIS Liutauras
Published: December 2020

Vibration manipulators are important in the process of creation of 1D – 3D manipulators and robots. The manipulator which is proposed here has the following advantages: simplicity of the structure and high coefficient of useful operation. This is because of the fact that the driving force provided by the vibration drive coincides with the direction of motion of the manipulator. Analysis of the regime of steady state motion is presented by using numerical methods. The obtained graphical relationships enable to choose the most effective parameters of the system in the process of design of vibration manipulators.
Verbesserung als Kultur – Impulse für ein wirksames kommunales Prozessmanagement
Authors: Neutzner Matthias , Löbel Stephan
Published: December 2020

Der Beitrag wirft die Frage auf, warum es bislang nicht gelang, die Idee einer systematischen Reflexion und Verbesserung der Ablauforganisation öffentlicher Verwaltungen in der Breite der Organisationsstrukturen wirksam zu machen. Die Autoren führen dies auf eine ungenügende Berücksichtigung der Spezifika des öffentlichen Sektors zurück - sowohl in grundlegenden Annahmen als auch in der methodischen und instrumentellen Ausgestaltung. Aus den Erfahrungen zur „flächendeckenden Geschäftsprozessoptimierung“ in der Stadt Bochum werden Perspektiven für einen alternativen Ansatz abgeleitet: Prozessmanagement wird als dezentral getragene, kulturell verankerte und systematisch unterstützte Reflexion der Arbeitsweisen entwickelt. Ziel ist, die Auseinandersetzung mit der Ablauforganisation in einem weiter gefassten Modus organisationalen Lernens zu verstetigen, der organisatorische, personelle, kulturelle und technologische Perspektiven integriert.
Azoles for Renewable Energy Development and Wood Treatment
Authors: Derkyi Nana
Published: December 2020

Azole applications in energy are empirical and, despite increasing interest in azole and energy research, many challenges remain in synthesizing and processing azoles with functionality for energy applications. The use of azole in wood treatment has been effective to some extent in producing durable wood; however, there is still the need for improving the treatment of wood species. This chapter seeks solutions which are developed systematically with scientific validation principles. Consequently, this chapter aims to provide a concise overview of integrating azoles in materials used for renewable energy processing and applications, and wood treatment, with an outlook on challenges and opportunities.
Halal Entrepreneurship: Concept and Business Opportunities
Authors: Asri Abdullah Moha , Siddique E Azam Md.
Published: December 2020

The concept of entrepreneurship is not something new in Islam as it can be observed from the history as a noble profession practiced by the Prophet (PBUH) and His companions. However, in recent times, scholars of the Islamic economy have introduced a new term, “Halal entrepreneurship” or “Halalpreneurship” to define and differentiate entrepreneurs in the Halal industry from the conventional entrepreneurs. The integration of Islamic values reshapes the entrepreneurs in the Halal industry through certain features that justify using the term Halalpreneurs and Halalpreneurship. However, a limited number of research papers have attempted to define Halalpreneurship. In this context, this chapter aims to achieve two main objectives. Firstly, to provide a comprehensive overview of Halal entrepreneurship (Halalpreneurship) by identifying its salient features that differentiates from entrepreneurs. Such understanding and knowledge will help someone to identify his/her role as Halalpreneur in the Halal industry. Secondly, to explore the business opportunities in different sectors of the global halal industry for the Halalpreneurs to tap. To achieve the objectives, the chapter adopts the methodology of content analysis by reviewing research papers, books, journals, and articles from different secondary sources.
Applications of Cement in Pavement Engineering
Authors: Chakravarthi Sarella , Raj Kumar Galipelli , Shankar Sabavath
Published: December 2020

Recycled materials primarily Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP), and Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA) are produced from pavement rehabilitation and construction-demolition activities. Generally, these materials are utilized for landfills, parking lots, shoulders, and other places that are not environmentally friendly. The top layers of the pavement and concrete structures are constructed using superior qualities of aggregates that satisfy the specification. During their service life, the aggregates present in these structures undergo deterioration due to environmental and traffic factors. After reaching the end of their service life, the deteriorated structures are dismantled and considered as waste. Nevertheless, these recycled materials will have some retain value which can be used in different layers of the pavements in different percentages. The reuse of these materials in place of conventional aggregates preserves the environment and become a sustainable construction practice. Further, the direct utilization of these materials in the pavements may not satisfy the mechanical characteristics. To fulfill these gaps, cement stabilization of recycled materials is the best option. With this background, the proposed book chapter will highlight the usage of cement in pavement application, and a few types of research works carried in cement treated pavement layers will be discussed in a detailed and scientific manner.
Adaptive Evolution and Addressing the Relevance for Genetic Improvement of Sago Palm Commodity
Authors: Abbas Barahima
Published: December 2020

Adaptive evolution implies evolutionary shifts within an organism which make it suitable and adaptable for its environment. Genetic resources of sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) populations in Indonesia were explicated as follows: (1) Characters of sago palm in Indonesia were shown varied based on cpDNA markers and large variation based on RAPD markers. (2) Variation of starch production of sago palm correlated with Wx genes variation, (3) Distances barrier and geographies isolation in line of sago palm dispersions in Indonesia (4) Characteristics of genetic were observed does not related with vernacular names those were given by local people (5) Papua islands, Indonesia territorial is proposed the center of sago palm diversities, (6) Papua islands, Sulawesi islands and Kalimantan islands will be the provenance of the diversities (7) Genetic improvement of sago palm might enhanced using molecular marker that link to interesting genes by developing marker-assisted breeding.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainability in Corporate Strategy: Brazilian Cases Studies
Authors: Gabriela Borger Fernanda , Paula P. Costa Ana
Published: December 2020

The chapter presented the evolution of Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainability concepts and frameworks developed in order to integrate them into management (norms, certifications, indicators, standards, reports and indexes). Then it presents 3 case studies of successful companies that are benchmarking references in CSR - Sustainability strategies and practices and how they achieved their results. The first one is Natura, from cosmetic sector, recognized for its pioneering role in socio-environmental activities and investments in product innovation, in particular the Ekos’ line that extracts raw materials from Amazon rainforest, while preserves it. The other two belong to agrobusiness sector. One is Native, brand of the Balbo Organization (1946), a traditional family for the sugar and ethanol sector. It had changed its operational processes and launched the Native brand for organic sugar. Today is a reference for the organic market, operating in 70 countries, being the world’s largest producer of organic sugar and alcohol. The other one is BSBIOS, a vertical company of agroenergy. Founded in 2005, today is the largest national producer of biodiesel to national and international market. They all attend to sustainability model, but it is embedded in different ways into their corporate strategy.
Mycorrhizae Applications in Sustainable Forestry
Authors: Govindu Dayakar , Duvva Anusha , Podeti Srinivas
Published: December 2020

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) association is the most common symbiotic association of plants with microbes. AM fungi occur in the majority of natural habitats and they provide a range of important biological services, in particular by improving plant nutrition, abiotic resistance, and soil structure and fertility. AM fungi also interact with most crop varieties and forest plants. The possible benefit of AM fungi in forestry can be achieved through a combination of inoculum methods. The mycorrhizal inoculum levels in the soil and their colonization in different forest plant roots which leads to reduce the fertilizers, pathogen effects and fungicides and to protect topsoil, soil erosion, and water-logging. Currently, several reports were suggested that AM symbiosis can improve the potential for different plant species. Two steps could be used to produce high yielding of different plant biomass that would be both mycorrhizal dependency and suitability for sowing into the field with high inoculum levels Therefore, the wide-scale inoculation of AM fungi on forest trees will become economically important. The successful research is required in the area of mass production of AM fungal inoculum and AM fungi associated with roots which will contribute to sustainable forestry.
New Robust Control Design of Brake-by-Wire Actuators
Authors: Arasteh Ehsan , Assadian Francis
Published: December 2020

This chapter discusses control design of three different brake-by-wire actuators. The brakes studied include an Electro-Hydraulic brake with pressure modulation for wheel slip control, and two different Electro-Mechanical Brake configurations that directly use electric motors to control the movement of the caliper for wheel slip control. After modeling the actuators with the use of bond graphs, a cascaded control architecture is used to control these active systems. Individual controllers are designed using Youla robust control design method. Then, a feed-forward disturbance rejection is designed and added to the loops and its effectiveness is analyzed. Finally, a one-wheel model is used to compare these brake-by-wire systems in terms of stopping distance and actuator efforts.
Craniofacial Corrective Surgery in Syndromic Craniosynostosis
Authors: Bariah Chi Adam Khairul , Hariri Firdaus , Lee Chee Wei , Purmal Kathiravan , Faizal Abdullah Mohd , Berahim Nazer
Published: December 2020

This surgical field has now progressed and becoming an established subspecialty involving various surgical disciplines worldwide. Various complex CMF syndromes reported in syndromic craniosynostosis include Crouzon, Apert and Pfeiffer syndromes. These syndromes carry specific functional discrepancies associated with the affected structural anomaly and may therefore have functional issues involving the brain, eye and airway among others. As corrective surgery is often indicated depending on the affected vital functions, other factors that need to be considered are patient’s age, comorbidities, urgency, available expertise and patient’s overall prognosis based on the degree of anomaly. As such, the corrective surgery can be categorized into; (1) intermediate which is performed at an early phase and aimed to improve or salvage important vital functions such as the brain, eye, airway or feeding which are important for the child’s development and, (2) definitive treatment aimed at permanently correct the functional discrepancies. Intermediate corrective surgery may include invasive procedures such as ventriculo-peritoneal (VP) shunts, tarsorrhaphy, adenotonsillectomy and tracheostomy whereas definitive corrective surgery may include surgical procedures such as monobloc, Le Fort III osteotomy, posterior cranial vault expansion and mandibular advancement. This chapter will elaborate on the indications, types, challenges in the management and the proposed prevention measures in corrective surgery for specifically for syndromic craniosynostosis patients.
Effects of Earthquakes on Buildings in the Ibero-Maghrebian Region
Authors: Antonio Aparicio Florido José
Published: December 2020

The types of damage caused by earthquakes in buildings are closely related to the design and building techniques with which they have been built and the quality of the construction materials used. Most of countries with moderate to high seismic risk areas have implemented earthquake-resistant standards to prevent the collapse of buildings and minimize the severity of the damage. However, every new strong shake that occurs around the world reveals bad construction practices that could have been avoided, and the inadequacy or non-existence of earthquake-resistant standards aimed at reducing vulnerability to non-catastrophic levels. Based on the EMS-98 scale, in this chapter we will analyze three case studies of the Ibero-Maghrebian region that have been using similar construction patterns with similar catastrophic results for buildings despite the different dates in which they occurred and the different earthquake-resistant standards: SW Cape St. Vincent earthquake of February 28, 1969; Al Hoceima earthquake of February 24, 2004; and Lorca earthquake of May 11, 2011.
Evaluation and Treatment of Elevated Temperature in the Emergency Department
Authors: Boushra Marina
Published: December 2020

Elevated patient temperature is a common vital sign abnormality in the emergency department that can be caused either by fever or hyperthermia. Fever is a frequent presentation, most commonly caused by infections of the respiratory or urinary tracts. Other occult sources include musculoskeletal, cardiac, neurological, and intra-abdominal infections. These infections can become complicated by sepsis and septic shock, conditions with high mortality. Treatment of the febrile acutely-ill patient should begin with fluids, antimicrobials, and source control. However, if this is ineffective or if the presentation is inconsistent with infection, consideration should be given to hyperthermia, rather than fever, being the cause of the patient’s elevated temperature. Several life-threatening and reversible conditions can mimic sepsis and present with elevated temperature. These mimics include toxicity from medications and illicit substances, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, malignant hyperthermia, and thyroid storm. Identification of these mimics as the source of elevated temperature can lead to earlier diagnosis and improved outcomes in these patients.
Cytotoxic Effects of Flubendazole in Human Lung Cancer Cell Line A549
Authors: Hoveizi Elham , Fakharzadeh Jahromi Fatemeh
Published: December 2020

Background: The development of effective anticancer drugs is a significant health issue. Previous studies showed that members of the benzimidazole family have anticancer effects on several cancers Objectives: The present study investigated the cytotoxic effect of flubendazole on A549 human lung cancer cells. Methods: The A549 cells were treated with flubendazole at 1, 2, 5, and 10 µM concentrations for three days. Cell viability was measured by the MTT assay and Acridine orange staining. Also, the expressions of P62 and Beclin -1 were analyzed by qRT-PCR analysis. Results: Cell viability of A549 cells, in a concentration-dependent manner, showed significant differences between the treatment and control groups, and the IC50 value was determined to be 2 µM. Also, flubendazole reduced the expression of P62 and increased the expression of Beclin 1 in treated cells. Conclusions: Flubendazole induces cell death in A549 cells in a dose and time-dependent manner and can offer new factors in lung cancer therapeutic strategies.
Genalguacil, el museo habitado
Authors: Casado García Carmen , García Díaz Malgara
Published: December 2020

El artículo recoge la extraordinaria experiencia que se vive en un pequeño pueblo de la provincia de Málaga, un fabuloso ejemplo de cómo el arte y la cultura pueden ser motor de desarrollo rural. Desde 1994, a iniciativa municipal, se ha puesto en marcha un programa de creación y exposición de arte contemporáneo en el que, además, se implica la casi totalidad del vecindario. Encuentros de Arte, Arte Vivo, el Museo, el proyecto Lumen y todas las actividades que se generan en torno a ellos, constituyen la columna vertebral sobre la que se sostiene una propuesta seria y bien diseñada que se sustenta en elementos tradicionales del pueblo, al tiempo que en las más recientes y vanguardistas propuestas artísticas. Los y las artistas que han ido participando en las diferentes convocatorias y ediciones han ido conformando una extraordinaria colección de piezas y experiencias estéticas que contribuyen a afianzar la personalidad de la población y a sacarla de la crisis que afecta a muchas poblaciones del interior, que ven mermar su número de habitantes. Genalguacil se aferra a estas propuestas culturales bajo el paraguas de “Genalguacil Pueblo Museo” para mejorar su economía a través del turismo cultural y hacerse un hueco en las dinámicas artísticas y culturales del país. El resultado es un museo habitado que ha logrado focalizar muchas miradas y que tiene ahora entre sus manos un futuro prometedor.
Targeting Healthcare in Syria
Authors: Ekzayez Abdulkarim , Sabouni Ammar
Published: December 2020

Nine years of continuous conflict in Syria have borne witness to various atrocities against civilians, some of which amount to war crimes. Most of the involved parties have committed such atrocities, but the Government of Syria (GoS) and its allies remain at the top of the list of perpetrators. Out of a population of 21 million in 2010, more than half a million Syrians were killed as of January 2019 with more than 13 million displaced either inside the country, in neighbouring countries or elsewhere. Moreover, civilian infrastructures, including but not limited to health, have been severely affected, resulting in interrupted services and suffering. Looking at patterns of these atrocities, timing of occurrence, and consequences, could allow us to draw conclusions about motivations. While the GoS maintains these attacks were against combating civilians, we argue that civilians and civilian infrastructure were military and strategic targets, rather than collateral damage to the attacks committed by the GoS and its allies. The motives behind attacking civilians may be related to military gains in imposing submission and surrender; whereas others may be linked to long-term goals such as forced displacement and demographic engineering. This paper argues, supported by several examples throughout the course of the Syrian conflict, that GoS has used a five-point military tactic with targeting healthcare being at the heart of it. This military tactic has been extremely effective in regaining most opposition strongholds at the expense of civilian suffering and health catastrophe.
Producing Journalistic Discourse on War
Authors: Brabant Justine
Published: December 2020

Based on the author’s experience as both a journalist and an independent
researcher working regularly in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), this
article examines the many constraints that journalists face in areas of armed
conflict. It considers two unusual aspects of journalistic practice observed in
the DRC: first, the reporters’ lexical dependence
– that is, how the language journalists typically use to describe war is
borrowed, sometimes unconsciously, from the war-related rhetoric developed in
other fields – and second, journalists’ practical
dependence on humanitarian organisations and how this might influence the
articles they produce.
Probability Approach a Survive of Passengers Estimation in an Aviation Incident Situation in an Airport Responsibility District
Authors:   , Vinogradovs Leonīds
Published: December 2020

The theme of this dissertation is ” A probabilistic approach to assessing the passangers’ survival in aircraft accident near airport area”. The aim here is to develop a model of situations of fires on aircrafts at aviation accidents, probability of passengers’ (pax) survival and process of their evacuation. Examining the ability of pax survival in an aviation accident in the vicinity of an airport, it is necessary to take into account two major factors: 1. The time period the pax can be inside the airplane on fire. We shall consider this time available for bringing out all of pax. The limitation will be the moment of death of the first pax. 2. How quickly is it possible to evacuate all pax from the airplane using available modern facilities and technologies, airborne and ground emergency equipment, qualification of a crew and rescue personnel. A mathematical method allowing to estimate dimensions for different scenarios of development of the events gives us an opportunity to evaluate and, what is important, compare the dynamics of development of critical terms inside the cabin of the burning airplane, the level of danger and probability of pax death in one or in another situation. Also to determine the most dangerous factors and airplane type from the point of view of fire safety. The analysis of aviation accidents’ investigation experience shows us that to a certain degree of fidelity, which is allowed in this research, it is possible to determine the quantitative value of the coefficient of critical conditions inside the cabin of an airplane on fire by means of both methods - experimental and calculation. Calculating of the level of hazard of aviation accident a task gets up as evaluated by the level of impact on humans of the emergency situation stressing factors. The expert organizations, the insurance companies and the owners of airlines can run into such task. For the estimation of danger levels it is necessary to obtain the data of aviation accidents’ consequences, numbers of victims and economical damages. Probability of survival in an aviation accident with a consequent fire is lower than in a situation of a fire on a civil building. Implementation of the model researched allows to estimate in numbers the size and scale of the hazard of a fire at an aviation accident which will be based on the probabilistic method that uses direct processing of statistical data. In an emergency situation for an aircraft the effective means of evacuation of pax important are the aircraft evacuation facilities, which in a great deal depend on the number of the equipped service and emergency exits, also on the time available for preparation of them for utilization, etc.
The Dressing symmetry and Affine integrability of type IIB superstring in AdS5○×S5 background
Authors: Xiong Chuan-Hua  ,   西北大学现代物理研究所，西安  710069
Published: December 2020

There exists a dual symmetry between the equations of motion and Maurrer_Cartan equations of the type IIB superstring on AdS5S5. We generalize the finite dual transformation to the infinitesimal dual transformation by the twisted dual. We also obtain the Lax connexion and the compatibility condition for this integrable system.
Problems in the paper “A link between chaos dynamics and the onset of turbulence in a transitional boundary layer”
Authors: Li Rui-Qu  , Li Cun-Biao  ,   (1)北京大学湍流与复杂系统研究国家重点实验室，北京  100871; (2)清华大学工程力学系，北京  100084
Published: December 2020

Further investigation on the calculation of the fractal dimensions of the attractors reveals that some problems about the data processing existed in the paper “A link between chaos dynamics and the onset of turbulence in a transitional boundary layer”.Here,they are improved or revised.
New soliton-like solutions to the (2+1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equations
Authors: Zeng Xin  , Zhang Hong-Qing  ,   大连理工大学应用数学系，大连  116024
Published: December 2020

In this paper, we solve the (2+1)dimensional dispersive long wave equation by using a new modified algebraic method, and obtain abundant new exact solutions. These solutions contain solitonlike solutions, periodiclike solutions,hyperboliclike function solutions, Jacobilike elliptic function solutions and so on.
Systematic Review on the Impact of Different Presentations of Maternal Depression on Children's Socio-Emotional Development
Authors: Morales María Francisca , Girard Lisa-Christine , Raouna Aigli , MacBeth Angus
Published: December 2020

Background: Maternal depression from the perinatal period onwards is associated with an increased likelihood of suboptimal socio-developmental outcomes in offspring, with increasing interest in the extent to which sustained maternal depression impacts on these associations. The current protocol outlines the methodology of a systematic review to synthesise the evidence on the impact of maternal depression from the perinatal period onwards and offspring socio-emotional development, defined as internalising, externalising, and social competence outcomes. We aim to explore the effects of timing, chronicity and severity of maternal depression on outcomes, and identify sources of methodological bias.

Methods/Design: The conduct and reporting of the protocol will adhere to PRISMA-P guidelines. The systematic review will be conducted using the following electronic databases: APA PsycInfo, EMBASE, MEDLINE. Grey literature will be searched from the ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global database.

Discussion: Findings from the systematic review will enhance knowledge around potential heterogeneity of timing, chronicity and severity of maternal depression and its impact on offspring socio-emotional development.
Influence of montane altitudinal ranges on species distribution models; evidence in Andean blow flies
Authors: Altamiranda-Saavedra Mariano , Amat Eduardo , Gómez-P Luz Miryam
Published: December 2020

Background

Blow flies are a family of dipterans of medical, veterinary and sanitary importance. We aim to predict the current geographical distribution of six neotropical blowfly species with different altitudinal ranges of distribution (high, medium, and lowlands) and degree of synanthropy (eusynanthropic, hemisynanthropic and asynanthropic) based on their existing fundamental niche (EA) in Northwestern South America.

Methods

Geographical records were compiled based on data from museum specimens and literature. The accessible area hypothesis (M) was calculated based on three criteria: (1) Altitudinal range, (2) Synanthropy values deducted based on the Human Influence Index (HII) raster dataset, and (3). The mean dispersal capability of flies. The modeling was performed using the Maxent entropy modeling software. The selection of parameters was made with the R Program ENMeval package.

Results

The models were assessed using the area under the operator-partial receiver curve (ROCp). The high statistical performance was evidenced in every modeling prediction. The modeling allowed identifying possible taxonomic inaccuracies and the lack of exhaustive collection in the field, especially for lowlands species. Geographical distribution predicted by the modeling and empirical data was remarkably coherent in montane species.

Discussion

The data obtained evidence that montane elevational ranges affect the performance of the distribution models. These models will allow a more precise predicting of medium and high elevation blow flies than lowlands species. Montane species modeling will accurately predict the fly occurrence to use such biological information for medical, legal, veterinary, and conservation purposes.
New Approach to Prohibitive Constructions in the R̥gveda and the Atharvaveda
Authors: Hollenbaugh Ian
Published: December 2020

Negative commands in Vedic have traditionally been divided into two classes: those built with the Aorist stem and those built with the Present stem. The former is said to be “preventive,” used to ward off some dreaded future eventuality, while the latter is said to be “inhibitive,” used to halt some currently ongoing action. I challenge this division on two grounds: one functional and one formal. Re-examining all prohibitions of the two oldest Sanskrit texts, the R̥gveda and the Atharvaveda, I find that there is no correlation between “inhibitive” interpretation and use of the Present stem in Vedic. Having established that the traditional division is incorrect, I then propose a new, formal explanation for the attested distribution of stem types.
American Oriental Society and the First Japanese Book Printed in the United States (1855)
Authors: Kornicki Peter
Published: December 2020

Commodore Perry’s expedition to Japan in 1853–1854 was more than just a diplomatic mission: it also had scientific objectives and for the officers and crews it was in addition an opportunity to do some shopping. Among the goods bought in Japan (Shimoda and Hakodate) were various books, some of which were donated to the American Oriental Society. In 1855 the Lippincott Company of Philadelphia published a facsimile of a Japanese illustrated book, which had first been published in 1740, with accompanying transcription and partial translation. This was the work of Joseph Wilson MD, a naval surgeon who served on one of the ships that took part in the Perry Expedition. In this article I consider why this facsimile was published, how Wilson managed to learn sufficient Japanese to undertake the translation, and what its reception was. Why did it sell so few copies, why did the reviewers focus on botany, and why did it not stimulate an interest in the academic study of Japan? Why, for that matter, were no articles on Japan published in JAOS between 1855 and 1910? This article explores the hesitant start to American japanology by examining the fate of the first Japanese book printed anywhere in the world outside Japan.
Han Yu’s “Za shuo” 雜說 (Miscellaneous Discourses)
Authors: Ah Tan Mei
Published: December 2020

This article highlights the significance of the “Za shuo” 雜說 (Miscellaneous discourses) series for the study of Han Yu’s 韓愈 (768–824) political ideology, which proposes a three-tier system of governance that is made up of the emperor, the feudal lords, and the bureaucrats. The emperor is the pinnacle of the system; he collaborates with his ministers to devise state policies in the inner palace. The feudal lords protect the emperor in the regional areas. The bureaucrats form the machinery of the government and implement its policies. Challenging current scholarship, which treats each of Han Yu’s essays independently, the article proposes a new interpretation of them as a whole It argues that the three essays “Long shuo” 龍說 (Discourse on the dragon), “Yi shuo” 醫說 (Discourse on physicians), and “Ma shuo” 馬說 (Discourse on horses) form an organic unit that provides internally consistent counsel to the ruler for his governance, and that a fourth essay, “Ti Cui Shanjun zhuan” 題崔山君傳 (Foreword to the biography of Cui Shanjun), is likely an interpolation. Through unearthing the true meaning of this series, the article also narrows down its time of composition, which has traditionally been left unspecified. This article also reveals Han Yu’s attitude toward the revived concern over the enfeoffment of princes in medieval China and toward his political ideology, which is not purely Confucian. The article thus is a contribution to the study of both political history and literary creation in the mid-Tang era.
Ibn Ḥanbal’s Refutation of the Jahmiyya
Authors: McLaren Andrew G.
Published: December 2020

This article documents the main developments in the textual history of a short polemical treatise ascribed to Aḥmad Ibn Ḥanbal (d. 241/855), al-Radd ʿalā al-zanādiqa wa-l-jahmiyya. In particular, I show that three different, if related, recensions of the text exist in manuscript. Then, drawing on evidence from the text and biobibliographical sources, I show that al-Radd only emerged over several centuries. The idea for the text finds its roots in the earlist elaborations of Hanbali theology, perhaps even in the notebooks of Ibn Ḥanbal himself. The first recension of the text, however, only emerged after the mid-fourth/tenth century in Baghdad. Another recension appears at the beginning of the sixth/twelfth century, perhaps also in Baghdad. These recensions were combined to form a third recension no later than the eighth/fourteenth century, and it is the third recension that became the basis for most print editions of the work.
New View of the Aramaeans
Authors: Guzzo Maria Giulia Amadasi
Published: December 2020

In recent years a renewed interest has been devoted to the Aramaeans, to their origins and expansion, in particular on the basis of new discoveries and methods of research. Using all the information available—mainly written but also archaeological—K. Lawson Younger has produced an historical reconstruction of each Aramaic group, tribe, and polity, in which all the still unsolved questions concerning origin and social and political development up to the dissolution of the main states in the face of the Achaemenids are discussed in depth . This article aims to present the specific character of Younger’s work, focusing in particular on aspects of some old Aramaic inscriptions .
Determinants of Farmer’s Attitude to Plant Agro-forestry Trees in Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors: Olagunju O. E. , Ariyo O. C. , Emeghara U. U. , Olagunju O. S. , Olafemi S. O.
Published: December 2020

Agro-forestry trees enhance food and nutrition security, increase income and help solve land management problems. This study assessed the determinants of farmer’s attitude to plant agro-forestry trees in Giwa Local Government Area (LGA) of Kaduna State. Six (6) districts were purposively selected from the eight (8) districts in Giwa LGA. Two villages were randomly selected from each district to give a total of twelve (12) villages. Ten agroforestry farmers were selected from each village to make a total of 120 respondents. Data were collected using structured questionnaires. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, inferential statistics - Chi- square and Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) and regression analysis. The results revealed that the mean age was 40.12 years. Chi-square analysis showed that age (χ2=18.487, P=0.001), educational level (χ2=9.656, P=0.04) were significant to farmersꞌ attitude. PPMC showed that income (r=0.181, p=0.049), membership in organization (r=0.214, P=0.02) were significant to farmersꞌ attitude. Regression analysis showed that years of experience (β=0.330, P=0.001) and constraints (β=0.246, P=0.11) were the determinants of farmers attitude. Farmers (59%) have unfavourable attitude towards tree planting. It was concluded that age group, educational level, income and membership in organization are very important and paramount in enhancing planting of agroforestry trees while years of experience and constraints faced by farmers were major determinants of famer’s attitude to planting agro-forestry trees.
Adopting a Blended Learning Model in Education: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Alam Dr. Md. Shabbir , Agarwal Dr. Jyoti
Published: December 2020

In the last two decades, it has been observed that the blended learning model becomes a firm alternative and expand traditional teaching. The purpose of this paper is to do a review of blended learning in education analytically. Depending upon the detailed literature review and investigations in blended learning course integration the author counters challenges and opportunities in educational institutions. Hence, the study encapsulates the successful implementation of blended learning by a mix of online and face to face learning. In the future, the outcomes of this study may open a way forward for researchers and others to design their research accordingly in this field to deeply investigate therein.
Servant Leadership and Job Satisfaction among Academicians
Authors: Hashim Muhammad , Malik Haider Ali , Bhatti Anam , Ullah Mahboob , Haider Ghazala
Published: December 2020

Servant leadership model is not something to have recently been explored that integrates subjects towards better teaming and productivity but playing well in the field ever since the recorded human history. The lives of the known Messengers of the God would explicitly reveal that they displayed servant leadership every now and then by dint of which they are yet followed yet in all social, political and economic spheres of lives. Here, in this study, four dimensions of servant leadership like: Altruistic Calling. (AC), Wisdom (W), Emotional Healing (EH), Organizational Stewardship.(OS) and Persuasive Mapping.(PM), have been examined to find whether, do they have an impact on workplace related outcome (job satisfaction)? Drawing on an information of 335 academicians of public universities in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, uncovered that all components of servant leadership have direct effect on faculty satisfaction. These results add to the commitment of servant leadership practices, in like manner to values-based authority, which may conceivably demonstrates as originality to the literature about the effect of servant leader model practices on the efficiency of the academicians.