bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nicotinamide Riboside, a Promising Vitamin B3 Derivative for Healthy Aging and Longevity: Current Research and Perspectives
Authors: Biţă Andrei , Scorei Ion Romulus , Ciocîlteu Maria Viorica , Nicolaescu Oana Elena , Pîrvu Andreea Silvia , Bejenaru Ludovic Everard , Rău Gabriela , Bejenaru Cornelia , Radu Antonia , Neamţu Johny , Mogoşanu George Dan , Benner Steven A.
Published: June 2023

NAD+ is known classically as a metabolite that participates in catabolic and anabolic pathways throughout the metabolism that is taught to students in introductory biochemistry courses. However, non-classical studies starting over a decade ago found that NAD+ is also involved in higher order functions, in part because of its involvement in the activation of SIRTs and the support of the mitochondrial unfolded protein response. Many studies since have suggested that NAD+ is involved in an extensive spectrum of human pathologies, including neurodegenerative disorders, cardiomyopathy, obesity, and diabetes, Further, healthy aging and longevity appear to be closely related to NAD+ and its related metabolites, including NAR and NMN. Together, these studies show that this system has value as a dietary supplement to improve general health overall, as well as mitigating specific disease conditions. Accordingly, many are now recommending the consumption of materials in this system as dietary supplements. Nicotinamide riboside (NAR) appears to have special value in this regard. It appears to be better tolerated than other molecules in this system, as well as better pharmacodynamics and greater potency. Unfortunately, NAR is a reactive molecule, often unstable during its manufacturing, transport, and storage. Indeed, HPLC analyses of many commercial samples of NAR shows that they contain substantial amounts of material that are not, in fact, NAR. In some of these commercial preparations, NAR is a minority component. Therefore, more stable derivatives of NAR that are easily converted upon consumption into NAR are therefore desired. Recently work related to prebiotic chemistry provided the borate derivative of NAR. NARB is considerably more stable than NAR itself. However, immediately upon consumption, the borate dissociates from NARB, and is lost in the body through dilution and binding to other species, notably carbohydrates such as fructose and glucose. The NAR left behind is expected to behave pharmacologically in ways identical to NAR itself. This review provides a comprehensive summary (through Q1 of 2023) of literature that makes the case for the consumption of NAR as a dietary supplement. It then summarizes the challenges of delivering quality NAR to consumers using standard synthesis, manufacture, shipping, and storage approaches. It concludes by outlining the advantages of NAR-borate in these processes.
Survei Pemahaman Leksikon Ekologis Bahasa Jawa Pada Mahasiswa PGSD Universitas Sanata Dharma (Tinjauan Ekologi Linguistik)
Authors: Krissandi Apri Damai Sagita
Published: June 2023

This study examined the use of Lexicons related to ecological lexicons in Javanese that are commonly used by everyday students. This type of research according to Furchan (1982) was a qualitative descriptive research sub-category of survey research. Research subjects were 96 students from Java (Yogyakarta and Central Java). The instrument developed was a questionnaire. Validation of instruments using the expert judgment of Javanese linguists. The results showed students who were ecological lexicon in Javanese were 53.19%, students who did not understand the ecological lexicon of Javanese were 46.81%. More than half of the students still understand the meaning of the ecological lexicon of the Javanese language. The data was followed up with interviews. The results of the interview revealed that students' understanding of the meaning of the ecological lexicon was not entirely appropriate. Some ecological lexicons of Canada are no longer used in terms of the absence of the main factors. First, youth urbanization in Javanese society. Second, the number of speakers is getting smaller. Third, the changing natural factors, climate, and weather are commonly described by the ecological lexicon are not felt by the majority of Javanese people.
Use of Skull Vibration-Induced Nystagmus in the Follow-up of Patients With Ménière Disease Treated With Intratympanic Gentamicin
Authors: Alonso Susana Marcos , Ayerve Nicole Almeida , Roca Chiara Monopoli , Touma Guillermo Coronel , Dios Juan Carlos del Pozo de , Gómez Hortensia Sánchez , Ruíz Santiago Santa Cruz , Caletrío Ángel Batuecas
Published: June 2023

Objectives. Ménière disease (MD) is an idiopathic disorder that affects hearing and inner ear balance. Intratympanic gentamicin (ITG) is recognized as an effective treatment for uncontrolled MD characterized by persistent vertigo attacks despite therapy. The video head impulse test (vHIT) and skull vibration-induced nystagmus (SVIN) are validated methods for evaluating vestibular function. A progressive linear relationship has been identified between the slow-phase velocity (SPV) of SVIN determined using a 100-Hz skull vibrator and the gain difference (healthy ear/affected ear) measured by vHIT. The aim of this study was to ascertain whether the SPV of SVIN was associated with the recovery of vestibular function following ITG treatment. Consequently, we sought to determine whether SVIN could predict the onset of new vertigo attacks in patients with MD who were treated with ITG.Methods. A prospective longitudinal case-control study was conducted. Several variables were recorded post-ITG and throughout the follow-up period, followed by statistical analyses. Two groups were compared: patients who experienced vertigo attacks 6 months after ITG and those who did not.Results. The sample comprised 88 patients diagnosed with MD who underwent ITG treatment. Of the 18 patients who experienced recurring vertigo attacks, 15 demonstrated gain recovery in the affected ear. However, all 18 patients exhibited a decrease in the SPV of SVIN.Conclusion. The SPV of SVIN may be more sensitive than vHIT in identifying the recovery of vestibular function following ITG administration. To our knowledge, this is the first study to illustrate the link between a reduction in SPV and the likelihood of vertigo episodes in patients with MD who have been treated with ITG.
Análisis de la percepción ciudadana sobre la vivienda vacacional: el caso de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (España)
Authors: Parreño Castellano Juan Manuel , Hernández Luis José Ángel , Moreno Medina Claudio , Ramón Ojeda Antonio
Published: June 2023

La vivienda de uso turístico es una forma de alojamiento pujante en España que suscita un gran interés entre académicos de diversas disciplinas. La mayor parte de los estudios se han centrado en aspectos regulatorios, en el tipo de negocio y en el impacto que genera sobre la actividad turística, la economía, los espacios urbanos, la población y el medio ambiente. Pocos trabajos han abordado la percepción ciudadana de este tipo de alojamiento y cuando lo han hecho el enfoque ha sido cualitativo. Este artículo analiza la percepción de los residentes de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria a partir de una encuesta de elaboración propia que se ha analizado a escala municipal e intraurbana. En concreto, se propone en este trabajo conocer la percepción de los residentes sobre el impacto que tiene este tipo de alojamiento en la economía, la vivienda, el patrimonio, la cultura y la identidad vecinal del municipio y analizar las razones que la explican. Los resultados permiten reconocer que, en primer lugar, la opinión de los residentes no es negativa en términos generales y, en segundo lugar, que esta percepción comparte la racionalidad económica con la que se enjuicia la actividad turística en general y está condicionada por el contacto directo con la actividad y por los intereses personales.
Combinatorial enzymatic catalysis for bioproduction of ginsenoside Compound K
Authors: Yang Wenhua , Zhou Jianli , Gu Qiuya , Harindintwali Jean , Yu Xiaobin , Liu Xiaobo
Published: June 2023

Enzymatic catalysis provides a clean, efficient, and stable solution for the industrial preparation of Ginsenoside Compound K (CK). However, exploring high-efficiency enzymes and establishing catalytic processes remain challenging. Here, we reportAspergillus tubingensisJE0609 with the ability to efficiently transform protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides into CK. Our transcriptome analysis and peptide mass fingerprinting reveal that three ginsenoside hydrolases BG07, BG19, and BG23 are present in JE0609. Notably, BG23 is highly expressed inPichia pastoriswith a yield of 235.73 U/mL (pNPG), with a broad adaptation to acidic (pH 4.5 to 7.0) and thermophilic (temperature < 50 °C) conditions. Inspired by the above outcomes, we establish a one-pot combinatorial enzyme-catalyzed strategy for conversion of Rb1, Rb2, Rb3, and Rc into CK, with a yield of 396.7 mg·L-1·h-1, which is the highest one by now. We argue that this combinatorial enzymatic catalysis strategy opens the probability of bioproduction of CK and other ginsenosides.
Screening for hypertension in adults: protocol for evidence reviews to inform a Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care guideline update
Authors: Shaver Nicole , Beck Andrew , Bennett Alexandria , Wilson Brenda J. , Garritty Chantelle , Subnath Melissa , Grad Roland , Persaud Navindra , Thériault Guylène , Flemming Jennifer , Thombs Brett D. , LeBlanc John , Kaczorowski Janusz , Liu Peter , Clark Christopher E. , Traversy Gregory , Graham Eva , Feber Janusz , Leenen Frans H. H. , Premji Kamila , Pap Robert , Skidmore Becky , Brouwers Melissa , Moher David , Little Julian
Published: June 2023

Purpose: To inform updated recommendations by the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care on screening in a primary care setting for hypertension in adults aged 18 years and older. This protocol outlines the scope and methods for a series of systematic reviews and one overview of reviews.
Methods: To evaluate the benefits and harms of screening for hypertension, the Task Force will rely on the relevant key questions from the 2021 United States Preventive Services Task Force systematic review. In addition, a series of reviews will be conducted to identify, appraise, and synthesize the evidence on (1) the association of blood pressure measurement methods and future cardiovascular (CVD)-related outcomes, (2) thresholds for discussions of treatment initiation, and (3) patient acceptability of hypertension screening methods. For the review of blood pressure measurement methods and future CVD-related outcomes, we will perform a de novo review and search MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL and APA PsycInfo for randomized controlled trials, prospective or retrospective cohort studies, nested case control studies, and within-arm analyses of intervention studies. For the thresholds for discussions of treatment initiation review, we will perform an overview of reviews and update results from a relevant 2019 UK NICE review. We will search MEDLINE, Embase, APA PsycInfo and Epistemonikos for systematic reviews. For the acceptability review, we will perform a de novo systematic review and search MEDLINE, Embase, and APA PsycInfo for randomized controlled trials, controlled clinical trials, and observational studies with comparison groups.Websites of relevant organizations, grey literature sources, and the reference lists of included studies and reviews will be hand-searched. Title and abstract screening will be completed by two independent reviewers. Full-text screening, data extraction, risk of bias assessment, and GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) will be completed independently by two reviewers. Results from included studies will be synthesized narratively and pooled via meta-analysis when appropriate. The GRADE approach will be used to assess the certainty of evidence for outcomes.
Discussion: The results of the evidence reviews will be used to inform Canadian recommendations on screening for hypertension in adults aged 18 years and older.
Systematic review registration: This protocol is registered on PROSPERO (to be registered following TF approval) and is available on the Open Science Framework (osf.io/8w4tz).
A comparative study of the efficacy of different doses of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of Degree I and Degree II knee meniscus injury in young adults: Study protocol for a prospective, single-center, three-blind, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Cheng Chao , Liu Jiancheng , Pang Rizhao , Wang Zhengdong , Xiao Zhonglin , Zheng Jinqi , Li Jiayu , Wang Linjie , Zhang Xin , Ma Xin , Gou Xiang , He Xin , Bai Ling , Wang Wenchun
Published: June 2023

Background:
Grade I and II knee meniscus injuries in young people account for a relatively large proportion of sports injuries. If not cured in time, it may seriously affect the quality of life and even cause disability.Studies have shown that platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is effective in the treatment of knee meniscus injury, but the optimal therapeutic dose of PRP has not been regulated and clarified in current relevant guidelines or expert consensus.This study intends to use a randomized controlled trial to compare and analyze the efficacy and safety of 2ml, 5ml and 8ml PRP in the treatment of meniscus injury of knee joint, so as to provide evidence-based medical evidence for improving the clinical guidelines for the treatment of meniscus injury with PRP.
Methods/design:
This study is a one-year prospective single-center triple-blind randomized controlled trial. Patients who meet the inclusion criteria are randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group is set as the PRP treatment group, and the control group is set as the placebo group. The treatment of all patients will last for 5 weeks and follow-up for 6 months.The experimental group and the control group plan to evaluate Lysholm knee score, MRI (including T2mapping technology) and other main observation indicators.And visual analog scale (Visual analogue scale, VAS), quality of life score(36-item Short Form Health Survey, SF-36), muscle Bone ultrasound, infrared thermal imaging,incidence of adverse reactions and other secondary observation indicators are used to compare the curative effects.All these results will be analyzed at the end of the trial Analysis.
Discussion:
There is no uniform standard for the dose of PRP in the treatment of meniscus injury, and there is no literature report on whether there are differences in efficacy and safety among several commonly used doses in clinical practice. This study explores the clinical appropriate dose of PRP in the treatment of meniscus injury of knee joint of young people in degree I and II,which provides a scientific basis for the optimization of the treatment of meniscus injury, and provides evidence-based medical evidence for the revision and improvement of PRP treatment guidelines for meniscus injury.
Trial Registration: China Clinical Trial Registration: ChiCTR2200057591, November 14,2022
Experimental Ethics: 2022EC1-008
The interplay between suicidal experiences, psychotic experiences and interpersonal relationships: a qualitative study
Authors: Gooding Patricia , Haddock Gillian , Harris Kamelia , Asriah Menita , Awenat Yvonne , Cook Leanne , Richard Drake , Emsley Richard , Huggett Charlotte , Jones Steven , Lobban Fiona , Marshall Paul , Pratt Daniel , Peters Sarah
Published: June 2023

Background Suicidal thoughts, acts, plans and deaths are considerably more prevalent in people with non-affective psychosis, including schizophrenia, compared to the general population. Social isolation and interpersonal difficulties have been implicated in pathways which underpin suicidal experiences in people with severe mental health problems. However, the interactions between psychotic experiences, such as hallucinations and paranoia, suicidal experiences, and the presence, and indeed, absence of interpersonal relationships is poorly understood and insufficiently explored. The current study sought to contribute to this understanding.Methods An inductive thematic analysis was conducted on transcripts of twenty-two, individual, semi-structured interviews with adult participants who had both non-affective psychosis and recent suicidal experiences. A purposive sampling strategy was used. Trustworthiness of the analysis was assured with researcher triangulation.Results Participants relayed both positive and negative experiences of interpersonal relationships. A novel conceptual model is presented reflecting a highly complex interplay between a range of different suicidal experiences, psychosis, and aspects of interpersonal relationships. Three themes fed into this interplay, depicting dynamics between perceptions of i. not mattering and mattering, ii. becoming disconnected from other people, and iii. constraints versus freedom associated with sharing suicidal and psychotic experiences with others.Conclusion This study revealed a detailed insight into ways in which interpersonal relationships are perceived to interact with psychotic and suicidal experiences in ways that can be both beneficial and challenging. This is important from scientific and clinical perspectives for understanding the complex pathways involved in suicidal experiences.Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03114917), 14th April 2017. ISRCTN (reference ISRCTN17776666 https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN17776666); 5th June 2017). Registration was recorded prior to participant recruitment commencing.Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03114917), 14th April 2017 (14-04-2017). ISRCTN (reference ISRCTN17776666 https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN17776666); 5th June 2017). Registration was recorded prior to participant recruitment commencing.
Factors Influencing Preparedness Behavior for Different Lead Time Disasters
Authors: Lin Hongtao , Liu Guomai , Cui Yuepeng , Gong Kuangmin
Published: June 2023

This study addresses the existing research gap regarding the factors influencing individuals' disaster preparedness for different types of disasters. Specifically, it focuses on the impact of self-efficacy, disaster experience, and information access on disaster preparedness for both long and short lead time disasters. Several models developed based on 3031 responses from the 2017 National Household Survey in the U.S were employed to test the hypotheses. The results showed that individuals are more inclined to prepare for short lead time disasters compared to long lead time disasters. Higher levels of self-efficacy were found to be crucial for disaster preparedness under both disaster scenarios. Additionally, individuals with prior disaster experience exhibited a reduced preparedness gap between the two types of disasters. It was also observed that varying levels of self-efficacy among individuals lead to inconsistent responses to disaster preparedness information, and statistically significant differences were only found for short lead time disasters. These findings have significant implications for the development of targeted preparedness policies for different disaster types, as well as the refinement of population segmentation strategies to enhance pre-disaster education, planning, personal preparedness, and community resilience.
What is the Best Wetland Assessment Tool? A Discrimination of Overlapping Assessment Approaches.
Authors: Kleindl William , Church Sarah P. , Rains Mark C. , Ulrich Rachel
Published: June 2023

There are over 700 aquatic ecological assessment approaches across the globe that meet specific institutional goals. However, in many cases, multiple assessment tools are designed to meet the same management need resulting in a confusing array of overlapping options. Here we look at six riverine wetland assessments currently in use in Montana, USA, and ask which tool: 1) best captures the nuance of condition across a disturbance gradient and 2) has the most utility to meet the largest regulatory need. We used descriptive statistics to compare wetland assessments (n = 16) across a disturbance gradient determined by a landscape development index. We also used factor analysis to determine if each tool’s metrics correspond to its overall results and performed as designed. We interviewed regional wetland managers (n = 56) to determine the extent of their use of each of the six tools and how well they trusted the information the assessment tool provided. We found that the Montana Wetland Assessment Methodology best measured the range of disturbance and had the highest utility to meet Clean Water Act (CWA§ 404) needs. Montana Department of Environmental Quality was best for the CWA§ 303(d) & 305(b) needs. The US Natural Resources Conservation Service’s Riparian Assessment Tool was the third most used by managers but was the tool that had the least ability to distinguish across a disturbance, followed by the US Bureau of Land Management’s Proper Functioning Condition. Many tools had internal mechanics that hindered the tool’s ability to act as it was designed.
Value of inferior vena cava collapsibility index as marker of heart failure in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation
Authors: Kouraichi Cyrine , Sekma Adel , Ali Khaoula Bel Haj , Chamtouri Ikram , Sassi Sarra , Toumia Marwa , Yaakoubi Hajer , Youssef Rym , Msolli Mohamed Amine , Beltaief Kaouthar , Mezgar Zied , Khrouf Mariem , Bouida Wahid , Dridi Zohra , Boukef Riadh , Boubaker Hamdi , Grissa Mohamed Habib , Nouira Semir
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter variability with respiration measured by ultrasound was found to be useful for the diagnosis of heart failure (HF) in ED patients with acute dyspnea. Its value in identifying HF in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation (AECOPD) was not specifically demonstrated. Objective: To determine the value of ΔIVC in the diagnosis of HF patients with AECOPD. Methods: This is a prospective study conducted in the ED of three Tunisian university hospitals including patients with AECOPD. During this period, 401 patients met the inclusion criteria. The final diagnosis of HF is based on the opinion of two emergency experts after consulting the data from clinical examination, cardiac echocardiography, and BNP level. The ΔIVC was calculated by two experienced emergency physicians who were blinded from the patient’s clinical and laboratory data. A cut off of 15% was used to define the presence (< 15%) or absence of HF (≥ 15%). Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was also measured. The area under the ROC curve, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were calculated to determine the diagnostic and predictive accuracy of the ΔIVC in predicting HF. Results: The study population included 401 patients with AECOPD, mean age 67.2 years with male (68.9%) predominance. HF was diagnosed in 165 (41.1%) patients (HF group) and in 236 patients (58.9%) HF was excluded (non HF group). The assessment of the performance of the ΔIVC in the diagnosis of HF showed a sensitivity of 37.4% and a specificity of 89.7% using the threshold of 15%. The positive predictive value was 70.9% and the negative predictive value was 66.7%. The area under the ROC curve was 0.71(95%, CI 0.65–0.76). ΔIVC values were not different between HF patients with reduced LVEF and those with preserved LVEF. Conclusion: Our results showed that ΔIVC has a good value for ruling out HF in ED patients consulting for AECOPD.
The therapeutic efficacy of MIS-TLIF for patients with sciatic scoliosis caused by lumbar disc herniation: A retrospective study
Authors: Liang Yan , Zhao Yongfei , Xu Shuai , Xu Yaning , Liu Haiying , Tang Xiangyu , Mao Keya
Published: June 2023

Background and Objective:
Sciatic scoliosis is a clinical syndrome resulting from a minor painful lesion in the muscles, fasciae or ligaments of the lower back, the intervertebral or sacroiliac joints, or a sciatica. This study aimed to explore the efficacy and feasibility of application of minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) technique in the treatment of patients with sciatic scoliosis caused by lumbar disc herniation (LDH).
Methods
From January 2010 to May 2017, a retrospective study was conducted with enrollment of 43 patients with sciatic scoliosis caused by LDH who were treated with MIS-TLIF and completed at least 2-year follow-up. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index were evaluated. Radiographic measurements included distance between C7 plumb line and center sacral vertical line, Cobb angle of lumbar curve, lumbar lordosis, sacrum slope, and pelvic tilt.
Results
The mean VAS score for back pain decreased from 5.13 ± 1.6 preoperatively to 1.42 ± 0.8 at 2-year follow-up (P < 0.05), and the mean VAS score for leg pain reduced from 4.7 ± 1.1 preoperatively to 0.46 ± 0.78 at 2-year follow-up (P < 0.05). The Oswestry Disability Index score improved from 53.3 ± 11.5% preoperatively to 14.3 ± 5% at 2-year follow-up (P < 0.05). The mean Cobb angle decreased from 15.6 ± 4.3° preoperatively to 3.8 ± 2° at 2-year follow-up with a mean correction of 11° (P < 0.05). The mean C7 plumb line and center sacral vertical line was 3.35 ± 1.7 cm preoperatively, and 0.69 ± 0.47cm at 2-year follow-up (P < 0.05). The lumbar lordosis varied from − 23.1 ± 9.4° preoperatively to -36.8 ± 7.5° at 2-year follow-up (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
MIS-TLIF technique can be used to treat patients with sciatic scoliosis caused by LDH, resulting in favorable clinical outcomes, proper fusion, and satisfactory imbalance correction with less blood loss and complications.
Construct validity of the self-report instrument of perceived stress in the general Costa Rican population of retirement age
Authors: Méndez-Chacón Ericka
Published: June 2023

Background
It is known that the effects of stress on the body harm health and mortality outcomes. This phenomenon has been widely studied since its conceptualization. Applying self-report instruments to the general population can help identify degrees of stress and provide evidence on how stress affects social relationships, health, and even mortality. This research aims to explore the internal validity of questions of perceived stress in the general Costa Rican population close to pension or retirement age.
Methods
A nationally representative sample of 2743 individuals born between 1945–1955 in Costa Rica completed a series of questions related to perceived stress. Factor analysis, elements of classical test theory, and a Rasch model were used to generate evidence of scale validity.
Results
Adequate internal consistency was obtained by factor analysis, with one factor explaining 70% of the variability. The Omega Index value was 0.58. The fit values (INFIT) detected by the Rasch model range between 0.8 and 1.2.
Conclusions
the items form a scale that refers to the construct of perceived stress and has sufficient internal consistency.
therapy with early endoscopy for symptomatic pancreatic necrotic collection
Authors: Saad Hassan A , Elhfnawy Ahmed mohamed shafik , Baz Azza , Elsayed Rasha S , Farid Mohamed I , Eraky Mohamed E , El-Taher Ahmed k , Elsayed Ashraf abdelmonem , Riad Mohamed
Published: June 2023

EUS-guided transmural endoscopic drainage
It can treat the late stages of Acute Necrotizing Pancreatitis (ANP), Walled-off pancreatic necrosis ( WOPN). Still, in the initial stages of ANP, the endoscopic function s not completely clear.
Our aim
We are comparing endoscopic draining of WOPN with early endoscopic treatment of Acute Necrotizing Pancreatic Collection (ANCs).
Methods
There were 142 ANP patients with necrotizing pancreatic collection who received transmural endoscopic drainage. In 50 (35.21%) cases with ANC (Group 1) and 92 (64.79%) individuals with WOPN (Group 2), endoscopic drainage was carried out after the first 4 -5 weeks following ANP.
Results
The patient's average age was 49.9 years (range: 22–79), and 59%of them were male. In Groups 1 and 2, the mean active drainage timing was 26.8 and 16.9 days (P = 0.0001) in Group 1 and 270.8 and 164.2 days (P = 0.0001) in Group 2, there was a medium of 9.5 and 4.5 endoscopic drainages with (P = 0.0001). No significant differences in long-standing success rates between the two groups (P > 0.05 for each).
Conclusion
Within the first 4-5 weeks later, ANP, transmural endoscopic intervention is an sufficient treating of early ANCs. However, more procedures and a longer duration of treatment following endoscopy in WOPN of drainage are needed.
Prevalence and risk factors for refractive error in older adults in eight ethnicities in China: The China National Health Survey (CNHS)
Authors: Wang Xuqian , luo Rui , Shan Guangliang , He Huijing , Chen Ting , Wang Xuejiao , Gan Linyang , Wang Yuhan , Chou Yuyu , Cui Jiantao , Pan Li , Zhong Yong , Ma Jin
Published: June 2023

Background
China is a multiethnic country; however, the study of the prevalence of RE in western areas and in ethnic minorities in China is limited. This study was to investigate the prevalence and influences of REs (refractive errors) in older adults in the Han and minority ethnicities in 7 provinces in China.
Methods
The current cross-sectional study is part of the ophthalmic data of the China National Health Survey (CNHS). Face-to-face interviews and ophthalmic examinations were conducted in 7 provinces in Northwest and Southwest China. The age- and sex-adjusted prevalence of RE in Han and 7 other ethnicities, aged 50–80 years, were compared. A mixed effects model was used to identify the risk factors for RE.
Results
A total of 12902 participants, 8808 Han and 4102 ethnic minorities, were included. The age- and sex-adjusted prevalence of myopia, high myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism were ranged 15.3% (Manchu) -22.9% (Han), 0.2% (Yugur) -2.8% (Han), 21.6% (Tibetan) -48.9% (Uyghur) and 38.7% (Yi) -57.5% (Manchu) in different ethnicities, respectively. Compared to Han population, ethnicities of Mongolian, Tibetan, Uyghur, Yi and Yugur was less likely to have myopia, while there is no significant difference in the prevalence of myopia between the Manchu, Korean and Han ethnic groups. Other protective factors for myopia including: rural residence; higher BMI index, living in higher latitude area and smoking history. High myopia was negatively associated with Mongolian and Yugur populations and living in rural areas. Older age; ethnicities of Mongolian, Uyghur, Yi and Yugur; rural residence, living in higher latitude area and past smoking history were positively associated with hyperopia.
Conclusions
The prevalence of myopia in older adults was relatively low in Northwest China. Significant differences in RE prevalence were observed between minority ethnicities and Han people, except for the Manchu and Korean populations.
Assessing the external household exposome from consumer purchases: The My Purchases cohort
Authors: Møller Frederik Trier , Junker Thor , Sørensen Kathrine Kold , Eves Caroline , Wohlfahrt Jan , Dillner Joakim , Torp-Pedersen Christian , Wilkowski Bartlomiej , Chong Steven , Pers Tune , Yakimov Victor , Müller Heimo , Ethelberg Steen , Melbye Mads
Published: June 2023

Background: Consumer Purchase Data (CPD) has emerged as a promising instrument to assess the impact of purchases on health. Here we describe a comprehensive prospective collection of CPD, the My Purchases cohort. The cohort included 428 participants as of April 18, 2023. Over eight years of CPD collected, 2,058,689 products were purchased, comprising 210,203 unique products. We matched 87.7% of all products by volume with nutrients, ingredients, or additives from at least one database. We found a median rate difference of 0.26 when we compared kilojoule information from generic and specific product matches. Further, increasing the number of retailers that provide CPD improved the stability of individual CPD profiles. Combined with extensive product databases and access to key health outcomes, CPD could approach a “consumerome” that could provide the basis for extensive investigations of how what we buy affects our health.
Influence of Forest Vegetation Restoration on Carbon Increment after Mining
Authors: Zou Hang , Wang Keqin , Song Yali
Published: June 2023

Due to a large number of unreasonable mining activities, the forest ecological environment in the mining area has been severely damaged. This paper selects the mining area (vegetation has been completely destroyed after mining) as the research object. By studying the carbon stock of each component of natural vegetation and the carbon stock (carbon increment) in the restored vegetation area of the mine, the arbor layer of the forest ecosystem in the mining area is analyzed, shrub layer, herb layer, litter layer and soil layers carbon content.The results show that 1) In the natural vegetation of the mining area, the biomass of the tree layer accounts for 94.6% of the total biomass of the natural vegetation, followed by the shrub layer (3.4%), while the litter layer and herb layer account for only 1.1% and 0.6% respectively.2)In the vegetation layer of the forest ecosystem in the mining area, the carbon increment of the tree layer is the main part of the vegetation layer (90.1%), followed by the shrub layer (6.3%), the litter layer (1.9%) and the herb layer (1.7%) accounts for a relatively small amount.3) The forest ecosystem in the study area has a strong carbon storage capacity, which shows that the forest ecosystem after years of mining areas has a higher carbon increase than the forest ecosystem. It is possible to take targeted artificial measures to increase the content of factors that have a greater impact on the soil. In order to promote the growth of vegetation, increase the carbon storage of vegetation and soil, and improve the forest ecosystem in mining areas.
Role of Vitamin E against oral mucositis in gamma irradiated rats
Authors: Ahmed Salwa Farid , Bakr Mostafa A. , Rasmy Amr H.
Published: June 2023

Background:Radiation therapy is the primary treatment for neck and head cancer patients; however, it causes the development of oral mucositis accompanied by tissue structure destruction and functional alteration. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different doses of vitamin E as a treatment for radiation‑induced oral mucositis in rat model.Methods:35 adult male albino rats were randomly divided into five groups: control, untreated radiation mucositis (20 Gy), radiation mucositis treated with radiation then vitamin E at doses of 300, 360 and 500 mg/Kg, respectively. Body weight and the amount of oral intake for each rat were evaluated. The mucositis score was assessed every day and tongue specimens were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, anti P53 and anti Ki67 antibodies.Results:Results indicated more food intake and less weight reduction in groups treated with different vitamin E doses. Also, vitamin E delayed the onset and decreased the severity and duration of mucositis. It also restored the histological structure of lingual tongue papillae. Vitamin E treated groups showed a significant higher Ki67 and lower P53 expression as compared to untreated radiation group. The overall improvement increased as vitamin E dose increased. Finally, the amelioration could be attributed to the decreased apoptosis and increased proliferation of cells.Conclusions:Vitamin E especially at dose of 500 mg/Kg could be an effective treatment for radiation-induced oral mucositis.
The mediating role of postnatal sense of security in the relations between parenting confidence and symptoms of anxiety and depression in Chinese parents: A dyadic analysis
Authors: WU Meiliyang , Qian Pan , TU Aiqing , LIU Li , ZHANG Ke , YUAN Mengmei , ZENG Tieying
Published: June 2023

Background
Anxiety and depression are among the most significant disorders to affect parents of newborn babies. Research shows that anxiety and depression have comorbidity with parenting confidence and the postnatal sense of security. Little is known, however, about the dynamic interactions between mothers’ and fathers’ parenting confidence, postnatal sense of security, and anxiety and depression. This study aimed to identify the actor and partner effects of parenting confidence and postpartum anxiety and depression via postnatal sense of security within one week after birth of mother-father dyad in China.
Methods
A cross-sectional design was used. A total of 204 mother-father dyads in Wuhan, China completed measures of parenting confidence, postnatal sense of security, anxiety and depression. The actor-partner interdependence mediation model was used to examine the dyadic relationships among the variables.
Results
Both fathers’ and mothers’ parenting confidence was negatively associated with their anxiety and depression through their own postnatal sense of security. Moreover, individuals’ parenting stress was indirectly related to their spouse’s anxiety and depression through their spouse’s postnatal sense of security.
Conclusions
The findings highlight the important roles of individuals’ parenting confidence in affecting their own and their spouse’s postnatal sense of security, contributing to the symptoms of anxiety and/or depression within Chinese parents of newborn babies. Thus, support plans and training programs are encouraged to be developed in couple-involved ways to facilitate fathers’ engagement and further promote positive experience for both fathers and mothers.
Osteogenic and anti-osteoclastogenic properties of tannic acid-modified sodium alginate/chitosan microspheres for bone defect repair
Authors: Kuang Zhihui , Cai Xiangchun , Li Bo , Cao Zhiyou , Li Yanhua , Yang Xiaowei , Hu Jiawei , Hong Xin , Liu Xuqiang , Dai Min
Published: June 2023

Background: The traditional treatment methods for bone defects have many deficiencies. Recently, bone tissue engineering has played an increasingly important role in designing new grafts with tissue-inducing activity. In the body, bone resorption and bone formation are in a dynamic balance, effectively regulating osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation, and contributing to the repair of bone tissue. Tannic acid (TA) is a substance with various biological properties, and it has been reported to effectively improve the performance of hydrogels as an active substance. However, it is still unclear how TA and sodium alginate (SA)/chitosan (CS) combine to form microspheres in bone tissue engineering. This study aims to investigate the effect of SA/CS/TA composite hydrogel microspheres on osteogenic and osteoclastic differentiation in vitro and in a bone defect model in vivo.
Methods: In this study, we investigated the impact of SA/CS/TA microspheres on osteoclast and osteogenic differentiation in vitro. We used a spectrophotometer to measure the release of TA from SA/CS/TA microspheres, while live-dead cell staining was employed to verify the effect of these microspheres on osteoclast and osteoblast activity. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blotting analysis were utilized to assess the expression of osteoclast and osteogenic differentiation-specific genes and proteins. TRAP, F-actin, ALP, and ARS staining were used to validate the effects of SA/CS/TA microspheres on TRAP, F-actin, ALP activity, and mineral deposition. Finally, we evaluated the impact of SA/CS/TA microspheres in vivo using a tibial bone defect model.
Results: SA/CS/TA microspheres have been found to be non-cytotoxic to both BMMs and BMSCs, while effectively releasing TA. They are capable of inhibiting osteoclast formation and promoting osteogenic differentiation. Furthermore, the microspheres have also been shown to promote bone healing in rats with tibial bone defects.
Conclusions: The application of SA/CS/TA microspheres has been found to effectively promote the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, inhibit the osteoclastic differentiation of BMMs, and accelerate the healing of bone defects, thus indicating a promising new direction for bone tissue engineering.
Bioelectricity production and bioremediation potential of Withania somnifera in plant microbial fuel cells with food wastes as enrichment
Authors: Bhattacharya Riya , Bose Debajyoti , Ganti Pranathi , Rizvi Alwiya , Halder Gopinath , Sarkar Arjun
Published: June 2023

In plant microbial fuel cells or p-MFCs living plants photosynthesize between two electrodes. The plant exudes organic waste material from the roots. In the rhizosphere, bacteria consume these wastes by oxidizing them in contrast to the atmosphere that reduces it. This redox reaction along with photosynthesis can be harnessed as an energy source in the form of bioelectricity. In this work, the plant Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal was used for generating bioelectricity from the root exudates and organic matter available in the soil. An open circuit voltage of 930 ± 21 mV was achieved between multiple cycles of operation. The cell voltage further increased to 1260 ± 140 mV with enrichment in the form of discards from vegetable matter. The peak recorded voltage was 1400 mV. Graphite fibre felt electrodes ensured uniform microbial growth with power densities that were achieved at 57 mW/m2 and 84 mW/m2 with and without enrichment respectively. ATR-FTIR demonstrated complete degradation of specific compounds attached to the carbon matrix in the soil along with the polysaccharide content from the enrichments. Additionally, this work also monitored the changes in soil pH and its homogeneity, the impact of photosynthetically active radiation, humidity, and the presence of CO2 in the air, and how it affects plant growth and ultimately the microbes at the rhizosphere which accounted for the bioremediation and the resultant bioelectricity production. SEM imaging further confirmed the importance of anaerobic environment and electrode properties that allow the growth of conductive biofilms from the electrochemically active microbes present in the soil.
Opinions of Iranian dietitians on virtual nutritional consulting on the Instagram platform: a descriptive, cross-sectional study
Authors: al-hoseini Mojtaba Khadem , Lotfi Mostafa , Mohammadi Farzaneh , Ferns Gordon A , Akbarzadeh Marzieh
Published: June 2023

Background: The use of social media for obtaining health care advice has become more popular. There has been an expansion of the virtual environment by dietitians, the present study aimed to evaluate the opinions of Iranian dietitians on virtual nutritional counseling on the Instagram platform.
Methods: The present descriptive, cross-sectional study recruited Iranian dietitians working in the field of nutrition counseling using Instagram. Participants were found through an extensive search with relevant keywords on Instagram. After identifying dietitians, an online questionnaire was made including questions on their activity in virtual counseling on Instagram and the challenges of virtual counseling. The link to the online questionnaire was sent to the participants. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze and interpret the data.
Results: In this descriptive online survey, out of 163 eligible dietitians, 131 participated in the study. The average age of the participants was 30.8±6.7 years, of which 87.8% were women. Based on the results, 47.3% of the dietitians started virtual nutrition counseling during the COVID-19 pandemic and 35.2% stated that the number of their virtual clients increased during this pandemic. Also, 58.8% of dietitians believed that concepts are better transferred in face-to-face nutrition counseling compared to virtual counseling. Besides, 43.5% of counselors reported that the results in face-to-face counseling had higher efficacy. According to the participants, the most practical method for nutrition counseling on virtual platforms was using text and voice messaging, and the most common topic of virtual nutrition counseling was related to weight loss.
Conclusion: Virtual nutritional counseling has expanded during the COVID-19 pandemic. Compared to face-to-face counseling, virtual counseling has limitations in the concept of transferring and yielding results.
Impact of IoT-Enabled Variable Irrigation and Fertigation Rates on the Growth, Yield, and Economics of Grand Nain Bananas
Authors: Salimath Mahesh , Kaliannan Nirmal , Prabhakar Varun , Iyyakutty Ravi , J Jeyabaskaran K
Published: June 2023

Bananas is the largest global production of all fruit crops and continue to play a key role in the economies of many developing countries. Banana cultivation is resource-intensive, consuming a lot of water and fertilizer. IoT-enabled precision farming has the potential to improve Grand Nain productivity by reducing input usage while still maintaining its economic viability as a cash crop. In this regard, there is a need to develop a banana cultivation package of practice that leverages the efficiencies gained by adopting IoT and sensor technologies to automate irrigation. This study aims to determine the most suitable irrigation and NPK fertigation strategy to minimize input use while maximizing profitability. This study includes three variable irrigation treatments based on soil water potential thresholds (-50, -100, -150 kPa) and three fertigation treatments (50%, 75%, 100% RDF) along with a control strategy that is based on the ICAR-NRCB recommended irrigation and 100% RDF fertigation schedules. The strategy with the − 50 kPa irrigation treatment and the 50% RDF of NPK fertigation treatment (I3F3) consumed 73% less water and 50% less NPK fertilizer, resulting in 12% less yield compared to the control strategy. However, the benefit-to-cost ratio of the I3F3 strategy was 1.61 versus the control strategy at 1.49. In the current agricultural paradigm, where soil degradation, water scarcity, and volatile market prices are impacting farmers' livelihoods, the I3F3 strategy ensures a more consistently profitable approach while significantly reducing water and NPK fertilizer usage, resulting in lower economic risks to farmers.
Circadian vital sign characteristics in postoperative patients with and without subsequent complications
Authors: Mølgaard Jesper , Mayer Leon , Rasmussen Søren Straarup , Haahr-Raunkjaer Camilla , Achiam Michael Patrick , Jørgensen Lars Nannestad , Meyhoff Christian Sylvest , Aasvang Eske Kvanner
Published: June 2023

Background
Although vital signs have a well-described 24-hour cyclic variation (circadian rhythm), this variation is often not considered in clinical vital sign monitoring despite being influenced by physiologic stress from complications. We aimed to analyse if circadian vital signs variations could identify patients at risk for Serious Adverse Events (SAE).
Methods
This was an analysis of prospectively collected, continuously monitored vital sign data (heart rate (HR), respiration rate, oxygen saturation and blood pressure) for up to 5 days after major surgery. The primary outcome was any SAE that occurred up to 24 hours after a circadian value calculation. The primary analysis was the lowest (nadir) HR at night (NN-HR). We also analysed manually collected vital signs according to National Early Warning Score (NEWS) thresholds.
Results
Of 590 patients, 461 (78%) were eligible for analysis. Ninety-nine (21.5%) patients developed SAE. The NN-HR was significantly higher in patients with impending SAE (median 70.8 min− 1 [IQR 65.9–78.1] vs 65.4 [IQR 58-73.5], p < 0.01). Discrimination based on NN-HR of > 65.8 min− 1 had sensitivity / specificity of 75.7% / 51.0%, with a resulting risk ratio of 3.04 (99% confidence interval (CI) 1.51–6.13) for subsequent SAE. Early warning scores of ≥ 6 at night yielded a RR of 4.02 (99% CI 1.87–8.61).
Conclusions
Circadian analyses of vital signs can help to identify patients at risk for SAE after major surgery. The clinical utility of circadian vital sign monitoring in SAE prevention should be explored prospectively.