bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF HEAT MOISTURE TREATMENT OF SAGO STARCH ON ITS NOODLE QUALITY
Authors: Purwani E .Y. , Widaningrum Widaningrum , Thahir R. , Muslich Muslich
Published: December 2016

Sago starch has potential as source of flour for noodle. However, noodle made of sago starch has only been limitedly utilized due to the absence of gluten and lack of desired functional properties. Heat moisture treatment (HMT) is a promising technique for improving quality of sago noodle. The objectives of the present work were to study the effect of HMT of sago starch on its noodle quality. Four different origins of sago starch, i.e. Tuni, Ihur, Molat, and Pancasan, were treated with HMT method. HMT was performed by exposing the starch to high temperature (110oC for 16 hours) at moisture content of 25%. Sago starch was then processed into noodle. It was prepared by mixing the sago starch with binder (completely gelatinized starch and additive) into dough. The dough was pressed manually through a container with holes in the base. Noodles strains were steamed for 2 minutes and dried at 50oC in a convection drier. As the control, non-HMT sago starch was used and evaluated. Parameters evaluated were starch properties, physical strength, and cooking and sensory quality of the noodles. Analyses of variance was subjected to all parameters. Research results showed that the starch exposed to HMT changed its pasting profile from initial type A before treated to type B after treated. The noodle quality was also improved. Noodles resulted from starch treated with HMT showed higher firmness and elasticity, but they have lower stickiness compared to those of non-HMT. Less cooking loss and rehydration weight were also found, however, HMT increased cooking time of the noodles. HMT on Pancasan sago starch resulted in noodles which were preferred most by panelists. However, consumer testing is recommended to further validate consumers' preferences to the sago starch noodles. The study indicated that sago starch could be potentially used as raw material for noodles to increase the consumption of sago-based food.
CHARACTERISTICS OF PHOSPHATE ROCK MATERIALS FROM CHINA, INDONESIA AND TUNISIA AND THEIR DISSOLUTION IN INDONESIAN ACID SOILS
Authors: Hilman Yusdar , Musa Mohamed Hanafi , Rahim Anuar Abdul , Hashim Azizah , Adiningsih Justina Sri
Published: December 2016

Dissolution of phosphate rock (PR) in soils is a primary concern for P in the PR to be available for plant. The dissolution of three PR materials, China (CPR), Ciamis (IPR) and Gafsa (GPR), in eight acid Indonesian soils (pH in water 4.1-5.7) was tested in a closed incubation system. Experiment was conducted in Soil Chemical Laboratory, Universiti Putra Malaysia and Indonesian Center for Agricultural Land Resources Research and Development from January to April 2002. The dissolution was determined from the increase in either 0.5 M NaOH extractable P (∆P) or 1 M BaCl2-triethanolamine (TEA)-extractable Ca (∆Ca) in soils amended with PR compared with control soil. Dissolution of the IPR was the highest (30-100%) followed by GPR (17-69%) and then by CPR (20-54%). The maximum dissolution followed the order: Bogor Ultisols > Bogor Oxisols > Subang Inceptisols > Bogor Inceptisols > Sukabumi Oxisols > Lebak Ultisols > Sukabumi Inceptisols > Lampung Ultisols. PR dissolution indicated a positive correlation with P retention capacity. The results implied that the extent of PR dissolution for the three PR sources (China, Indonesia and Tunisia) increased with increasing P retention capacity of the soils. PR dissolution can be based on a calibration curve of ∆Ca meaning that if ∆P is high then the amount of PR dissolution measured by ∆Ca in PR materials is also high.
PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS OF FACTORS DETERMINING PHOSPHATE ROCK DISSOLUTION ON ACID SOILS
Authors: Hilman Yusdar , Rahim Anuar Abdul , Musa Mohamed Hanafi , Hashim Azizah
Published: December 2016

Many of the agricultural soils in Indonesia are acidic and low in both total and available phosphorus which severely limits their potential for crops production. These problems can be corrected by application of chemical fertilizers. However, these fertilizers are expensive, and cheaper alternatives such as phosphate rock (PR) have been considered. Several soil factors may influence the dissolution of PR in soils, including both chemical and physical properties. The study aimed to identify PR dissolution factors and evaluate their relative magnitude. The experiment was conducted in Soil Chemical Laboratory, Universiti Putra Malaysia and Indonesian Center for Agricultural Land Resources Research and Development from January to April 2002. The principal component analysis (PCA) was used to characterize acid soils in an incubation system into a number of factors that may affect PR dissolution. Three major factors selected were soil texture, soil acidity, and fertilization. Using the scores of individual factors as independent variables, stepwise regression analysis was performed to derive a PR dissolution function. The factors influencing PR dissolution in order of importance were soil texture, soil acidity, then fertilization. Soil texture factors including clay content and organic C, and soil acidity factor such as P retention capacity interacted positively with P dissolution and promoted PR dissolution effectively. Soil texture factors, such as sand and silt content, soil acidity factors such as pH, and exchangeable Ca decreased PR dissolution.
THE ROLE OF SUBSURFACE FLOW DYNAMIC ON SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIATION OF WATER CHEMISTRY IN A HEADWATER CATCHMENT
Authors: Tanaka Tadashi
Published: December 2016

Variation of water chemistry does not merely occur due to in situ chemical process, but also transport process. The study was carried out to address the role of subsurface flow dynamic on spatial and temporal variation of water chemistry in a headwater catchment. Hydrometric and hydrochemistry measurements were done in transect with nested piezometers, tensiometers, and suction samplers at different depths across hillslope and riparian zone in a 5.2 ha first-order drainage of the Kawakami experimental basin, Nagano, Central Japan from August 2000 to August 2001. Spatial variation of solute concentration was defined by the standard deviation and coefficient of variation of the seasonal observed concentrations. Autocorrelation analysis was performed to define temporal variation of solute concentration. The results showed that spatial variation of water chemistry was mainly influenced by the variation of subsurface flow through the hillslope and riparian zone. Solute concentration in the deep riparian groundwater was almost three times higher than that in the hillslope segment. A prominent downward flow in deep riparian groundwater zone provided transport of solutes to the deeper layer. Time series analysis showed that in the deep riparian groundwater, Ca2+, Mg2+, SO42- and HCO3- concentrations underwent a random process, Na+ concentration of a random process superimposed by a trend process, and SiO2 of a random process superimposed by a periodic process. Near the riparian surface, SO42- concentration was composed of a random process superimposed by a periodic process, whereas other solutes were mainly in a random process. In the hillslope soil water, there was no trend observed for the Na+ concentration, but there were for Ca2+ and Mg2+. The magnitude and direction of subsurface flow across hillslope and riparian zone created transport and deposition processes that changed solute concentration spatially and temporally.
MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES DURING THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOMATIC EMBRYOS OF SAGO (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.)
Authors: Kasi Pauline D. , Sumaryono Sumaryono
Published: December 2016

Development of somatic embryos of sago (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) on agar-solidified medium are highly varied producing heterogeneous seedlings. Understanding of this phenomenon may help in improving the cultural procedures and conditions of sago
somatic embryogenesis to obtain uniform seedlings in a large scale. This experiment was conducted at the laboratory for plant cell culture and micropropagation, Indonesian Biotechnology Research Institute for Estate Crops from January to March 2006 to examine morphological changes i.e. color and development stages of sago during their somatic embryo development on an agar-solidified medium. Twenty single globular somatic embryos of sago with specific color (yellowish, greenish, and reddish) were cultured in a Petri dish supplemented with a solid medium. The medium was a micronutrients-modified MS (MMS) with half strength of macronutrients containing 0.01 mg l-1 ABA, 2 mg l-1 kinetin, 20 g l-1 sucrose, 0.5 g l-1 activated charcoal, and 2 g l-1 gelrite. Parameter observed was the percentage of embryo’s number based on color and developmental stage. The result showed that at the end of 6-week culture passage, most originally greenish (80.8%) and reddish (95.8%) embryos remained unchanged in their colors, whereas almost half of the originally yellowish embryos turned to greenish and only 30%
remained yellowish. At the same time, single globular embryos have changed gradually into the next developmental stages, although not all of the embryos were germinated. The initial color of embryo affected the rate of the developmental stage changes. Yellowish and greenish globular embryos developed more rapidly into cotyledon or germinant stages at 58% and 55% respectively, in 6 weeks than the reddish ones (41%). Therefore, the yellowish and greenish embryos are the best sources of material for in vitro mass propagation and synthetic seed production of sago.
SOIL PROPERTIES OF THE ALLUVIAL PLAIN AND ITS POTENTIAL USE FOR AGRICULTURE IN DONGGALA REGION, CENTRAL SULAWESI
Authors: Al-Jabri M.
Published: December 2016

Agricultural lands of Donggala region are extensively distributed in alluvial plain. However, information on soil properties and fertility constraints has not been known in detail. An investigation of soil resources was conducted in September 2003 and December 2004 to characterize surface soil properties of alluvial plain and to evaluate soil fertility constraints. For this study, 55 representative soil profiles consisting of 187 soil samples were selected for physical, chemical, and mineralogical analyses. The soil profiles were classified as soil groups of Ustifluvents, Haplustepts, Eutrudepts, and Endoaquepts. All the soil physical and chemical data were calculated as weighted average based on top 30 cm soil layer analyses. The results showed that soil texture ranged from sandy loam to loam. In ustic moisture regime, the average pH was neutral (7.0-7.2), but in udic moisture regime it was slightly acid (5.5-6.2). In all soil groups, the organic carbon content was very low to low (0.58-1.44%), P retention was very low (3-18%), and soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) was very low to low (9-14 cmol(+) kg-1). In contrast, all the soil groups showed very high content of potential phosphate (81- 118 mg P2O5 100 g-1) and potassium (338-475 mg K2O 100 g-1), but the available phosphate and potassium were 16-47 mg kg-1 P and 0.18-0.35 cmol(+) kg-1, respectively, which were considered to be low to medium range. The very high P2O5 and K2O were probably derived from weathered mica-schist and granite rocks, but low exchangeable K was probably due to K fixation. The sand mineral fraction was composed of relatively high (> 20%) weatherable minerals of acid parent materials, such as orthoclase and sanidine, while the clay mineral was composed of smectite and illite. The low soil-CEC, low organic matter, and exchangeable K contents were the main soil fertility constraints. Therefore, soil management should be directed to organic matter application to increase soil carbon content, CEC, and nutrient availability. Fertilizer recommendation for wetland rice and several upland crops is suggested based on the soil properties.
POPULATION FLUCTUATION OF ADULT MALES OF THE FRUIT FLY, Bactrocera tau Walker (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) IN PASSION FRUIT ORCHARDS IN RELATION TO ABIOTIC FACTORS AND SANITATION
Authors: Hasyim A. , Muryati Muryati , Kogel W.J. De
Published: December 2016

Fruit fly (Bactrocera tau) is the most destructive pest on some fruits in Indonesia. Monitoring of the pest population is essential as one of the procedures in the IPM concept. The study aimed to investigate the seasonal fluctuation of adult males of B. tau and their damage on passion fruits in relation to abiotic factors. The research was done by a survey method on three plots of passion fruit orchards in Alahan Panjang, West Sumatra, Indonesia from March to December 2005. In plot 1 the farmer practiced sanitation by removing damaged fruits and weeds from the orchard. In the plots 2 and 3 no sanitation was practiced. Each plot was 1 ha in size. The parameters observed were density of adult male B. tau and climatic factors (rainfall per day, number of rainy days, and average day temperature). Empty mineral water bottle traps were used to catch adult males of B. tau. Each plot had 16 traps set up with cue lure as fruit fly attractant. Each trap was baited with 3 ml cue lure on a cotton wick (1 cm diameter). The cotton wick was rebaited at 2-week intervals. The traps were placed on host plants about 1.5 m above the ground. Trapped flies were collected every two weeks and counted. The data were analyzed by correlation analysis. The results revealed that the number of male B. tau
in three orchards showed a similar fluctuation during the study period with a major peak in July. The lower numbers of flies captured in plot 1 (with sanitation) compared to the two other plots (without sanitation) were consistent with a lower percentage of damaged fruits in the plot 1 compared to the other two. The percentage of damaged fruits gradually decreased over time to about 20% in plot 1 which is lower than that in the other two
plots (30-40%). The number of fruit flies captured with cue lure baited traps correlated positively with all three abiotic factors studied. The seasonal fluctuation of the fruit fly population and the damage to the fruits are necessary to be studied as a procedure
in IPM for controlling B. tau.
IDENTIFICATION AND MAPPING OF A GENE FOR RICE SLENDER KERNEL USING Oryza glumaepatula INTROGRESSION LINES
Authors: Sobrizal Sobrizal , Yoshimura Atsushi
Published: December 2016

World demand for superior rice grain quality tends to increase. One of the  criteria of appearance quality of rice grain is grain shape. Rice consumers  exhibit wide preferences for grain shape, but most Indonesian rice consumers prefer long and slender grain. The objectives of this study were to identify and map a gene for rice slender kernel trait using Oryza  glumaepatula introgression lines with O. sativa cv. Taichung 65 genetic background. A segregation analysis of BC4F2 population derived from backcrosses of a donor parent O. glumaepatula into a recurrent parent Taichung 65 showed that the slender kernel was controlled by a single recessive gene. This new identified gene was designated as sk1 (slender kernel 1). Moreover, based on the RFLP analyses using 14 RFLP markers located on chromosomes 2, 8, 9, and 10 in which the O. glumaepatula chromosomal segments were retained in BC4F2 population, the sk1 was located between RFLP markers C679 and C560 on the long arm of chromosome 2, with map distances of 2.8 and 1.5 cM, respectively. The wild rice O. glumaepatula carried a recessive allele for slender kernel. This allele may be useful in breeding of rice with slender kernel types. In addition, the development of plant materials and RFLP map associated with slender kernel in this study is the preliminary works in the effort to isolate this important grain shape gene.
Governança Participativa em Moçambique: Dinâmicas do Envolvimento dos Cidadãos na Gestão Municípal na Cidade de Xai-Xai
Authors: Simione Albino Alves , Ckagnazaroff Ivan Beck
Published: December 2016

Neste trabalho refletimos sobre as dinâmicas do envolvimento dos cidadãos nos processos decisórios no nível municipal em Moçambique a partir da institucionalização dos conselhos locais e estruturas de interação social comunitárias. Consideramos para isso, o conceito de governança participativa e suas dimensões sociopolíticas que fundamentam o processo da democracia participativa. O estudo é relevante, pois permeia questões fundamentais referentes à democratização da administração pública, sobretudo o processo recente que se observa no contexto moçambicano. Realizamos uma análise às práticas adotadas no Município da cidade de Xai-Xai. O estudo caracteriza-se como qualitativo interpretativo e exploratório desenvolvido através de documentos e entrevistas submetidos à análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontam a existência de avanços importantes nas práticas de participação adotadas, mas também fragilidades nas estruturas sociopolíticas de representação social nas arenas de decisão das políticas públicas constituídas.
Microcrédito e Microempreendedor: O Caso do Crediamigo na Região do Vale do Jequitinhonha – Minas Gerais
Authors: Vieira Leandro Martins , Barbosa Francisco Vidal
Published: December 2016

O microcrédito tem despertado o interesse de governantes devido a sua suposta capacidade de combater a pobreza e de criar oportunidades de desenvolvimento econômico em áreas tradicionalmente pouco favorecidas economicamente. Todavia pouco se tem estudado a respeito dos microempreendimentos que utilizam este tipo de financiamento. Este trabalho busca esclarecer como o microcrédito influencia a promoção do empreendedorismo no Vale do Jequitinhonha. Para explicitar este fenômeno, foi realizado um survey com microempreendedores que foram atendidos pelo Crediamigo. Os dados coletados foram agrupados por meio da cluster analysis. A análise dos dados permitiu constatar que o microcrédito exerce uma influência positiva na lucratividade e na geração de fluxo de caixa nos negócios, uma vez que permite a formação de capital de giro em condições melhores do que aquelas que possuíam anteriormente. Porém, a influência positiva não foi encontrada na geração de novos empregos, já que grande parcela é composta por trabalhadores individuais.
Case History of Dehydration-Technology Improvement for HCPF Production in the Daqing Oil Field
Authors: Wang Zhihua , Lin Xinyu , Yu Tianyu , Hu Zhiwei , Xu Mengmeng , Yu Hongtao
Published: December 2016

High-concentration polymer flooding (HCPF) is an enhanced-oil-recovery (EOR) method that has been used since conventional polymer flooding was applied in the main reservoirs of the Daqing oil field because its higher viscoelasticity can improve the oil-displacement efficiency. However, as a result of more produced hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM), the oil/water mixture is emulsified easily and separated with more difficulty.

In this work, a case history of dehydration technology for HCPF production in the Daqing oil field is reviewed, and a laboratory investigation to assess the emulsification behaviors of HCPF-produced emulsions is conducted. Besides the dehydration-mechanism description of a high-voltage pulsed electrical field, electrostatic-demulsification performance for produced liquid from HCPF production is improved, and the operation parameters are optimized. Recent actual acceptance of the optimization recommendations is presented, and the field-application results are also discussed. The results indicate that dehydration technology for the Daqing oil field has been innovated with the industrialization of the EOR process. Traditional methods of gravity or centrifugal settling are replaced; this upgraded freewater knockout (FWKO) has the functions of adsorption, wetting, collision and coalescence, and oil pretreating for HCPF production. Because it is dominated by periodic vibration as its main mechanism, the pulsed-direct-current (DC) electrostatic-demulsification technique has some advantages in overcoming the obstacles encountered by regular types of electrical-field dehydration processes at strong emulsification stability. Compared with previous dehydration processes having complex alternating-current (AC)/DC electrical fields, the process with a pulsed-DC electrical field shows a unique advantage in terms of emulsified water-separation efficiency, energy conservation, environmental protection, lower labor intensity, and more-stable operation, and the dehydration performance meets the oil-treating standards.

As the surface-matching technology of EOR, this improvement in dehydration technology is significant for promoting the construction of an HCPF demonstration project and accelerating petroleum development and production efficiently.
The relationship between child maltreatment and exposure to traumatic events during later adolescence and young adulthood
Authors: Schouwenaars Katie , Murphy Siobhan , Elklit Ask
Published: December 2016

Objective

The present study investigated the relationship between different types of childhood maltreatment (emotional abuse, sexual abuse, multiple abuse types, and no abuse) and the occurrence of later traumatic events during later adolescence and young adulthood.

Method

Data were collected from a Danish national study conducted by The Danish National Centre for Social Research in 2008 and 2009. A sample of 4718 young adults who were 24 years old was randomly selected using the total birth cohort of children born in 1984. A structured interview was conducted during which participants were asked about a range of traumatic and abusive experiences.

Results

A response rate of 63% was achieved for a total sample size of 2980. Chi-squared analyses revealed significant relationships between all child maltreatment groups and direct exposure to 10 of the 13 traumatic events; there were also significant relationships between all child maltreatment groups and indirect exposure to 12 of the 13 traumatic events.

Conclusions

The results showed that childhood maltreatment was associated with increased risk of exposure to traumatic events, both directly and indirectly, during adolescence and young adulthood. The findings of this study suggest there is an increased risk of being exposed to both direct and indirect traumas during later adolescence and young adulthood after any form of child maltreatment.
Season Progression, Ontogenesis, and Environment Affect Lespedeza cuneata Herbage Condensed Tannin, Fiber, and Crude Protein Concentrations
Authors: Muir James P. , Terrill Thomas H. , Mosjidis Jorge A. , Luginbuhl Jean‐Marie , Miller James E. , Burke Joan M. , Coleman Samuel W.
Published: December 2016

Sericea lespedeza [Lespedeza cuneata (Dumont de Courset) G. Don., SL] is a perennial, warm‐season forage legume with wide adaptation, freeze tolerance, establishment ease, and persistence under grazing. It has high condensed tannin (CT) concentrations (g kg−1), which could be useful for methane mitigation and rumen bypass protein, as well as insect pest and gastro‐intestinal nematode suppression. However, CT concentration is variable. Our objective was to test CT, crude protein (CP), and fiber concentrations at five locations (Georgia, Alabama, North Carolina, Louisiana, and Texas) during a growing season. Established ‘AU Grazer’ SL regrowth and accumulated herbage in separate trials was sampled starting late April 2010 every 35 d for four dates. Regrowth CP concentration ranged (P ≤ 0.05) from 127 g kg−1 in North Carolina on date 3 up to 221 g kg−1 in Alabama on date 1. Sericea lespedeza regrowth in the warmest latitude (Louisiana) consistently contained among the greatest (P ≤ 0.05) acid detergent fiber. In regrowth herbage, we recorded a wide (P ≤ 0.05) total CT range, from 133.5 mg kg−1 in Texas on date 3 to 46.1 mg kg−1 in Louisiana on date 1, reflecting variability in fiber‐bound, protein‐bound, and especially extractible CT. Results from accumulated herbage reflected (P ≤ 0.05) herbage ontogenesis with less CP and greater fiber concentration with maturity but showed the same lack of CT concentration pattern as the regrowth herbage. These results indicate that SL herbage nutritive value and CT concentration is variable, so that any hay or pellets sold commercially for CT content should be assayed by environment and crop maturity.
Predicting Near‐Surface Moisture Content of Saline Soils from Near‐Infrared Reflectance Spectra with a Modified Gaussian Model
Authors: Zeng Wenzhi , Xu Chi , Huang Jiesheng , Wu Jingwei , Tuller Markus
Published: December 2016

Core Ideas

Moisture estimates from near‐infrared reflectance are improved with a modified Gaussian model.

Artificial neural network simulations further improve moisture prediction accuracy.

The proposed method yields better results than standard reflectance moisture indices.

Near‐surface soil moisture is a spatially highly heterogeneous state variable that affects the hydrologic partitioning of precipitation, net ecosystem exchange, and land–atmosphere interactions. In concert with the rapid advancement of large‐scale hyperspectral remote sensing technology over the last decade, numerous methods relating reflectance to near‐surface soil moisture have been proposed. Although there is evidence that surface reflectance is conjointly controlled by moisture and salt content, little is known about the impact of soil salinity. To study the effects of soil salinity, near infrared to short‐wave infrared reflectance spectra were measured in a controlled laboratory environment for samples representing a wide range of salinity levels. A previously proposed surface moisture prediction method based on geometrical attributes of an inverted Gaussian (IG) function fitted to hyperspectral reflectance curves was revisited. Improvements were proposed by first modifying the geometrical attributes of the IG applied to predict near‐surface soil moisture and by concurrently considering multiple geometrical attributes of the IG function as input for trained artificial neural networks (ANNs). Although previously applied linear regression models that relate a single geometrical parameter to soil moisture failed to satisfactorily predict independently measured surface soil moisture, considerable improvements in prediction accuracy were achieved with both geometrical attribute modification and ANN simulations.
Symmetric Wilson Loops beyond leading order
Authors: Chen-Lin Xinyi
Published: December 2016

We study the circular Wilson loop in the symmetric representation of
U(N)U(N)
in mathcal{N} = 4𝒩=4
super-Yang-Mills (SYM). In the large NN
limit, we computed the exponentially-suppressed corrections for strong
coupling, which suggests non-perturbative physics in the dual
holographic theory. We also computed the next-to-leading order term in
1/N1/N,
and the result matches with the exact result from the
kk-fundamental
representation.
Effects of various chemical cleaning conditions for pressured MF process
Authors: Lee Chang-Kyu , Park Chansoo , Choi June-Seok , Kim Jong-Oh
Published: December 2016

A pilot-scale pressured hollow-fiber microfiltration (MF) process as pretreatment for the reverse osmosis process was studied and operated under various conditions to assess the relative influence of backwashing, chemical enhanced backwashing (CEB), and bag filter application. The pilot plant process consisted of backwashing but without the CEB or the bag filter as the first step of the research. As the second step of the research, the impact of the backwashing on permeability recovery was assessed at different intervals followed by the influence of CEB on flowrate recovery. Results from operating the pilot-scale hollow-fiber membrane modules for more than 1 year have demonstrated that the appropriate pore size of bag filters was 25–50 μm and the optimized backwashing process was every 30 minutes with 25 mg/L of NaOCl, and CEB with an interval of 10 cycles with the use of 100 mg/L NaOCl.
Novel thermoresponsive assemblies of co-grafted natural and synthetic polymers for water purification
Authors: Paneysar Joginder Singh , Barton Stephen , Chandra Sudeshna , Ambre Premlata , Coutinho Evans
Published: December 2016

Water contamination and its purification are a global problem. The current approach to purify water is reduction of impurities to acceptable levels. One of the ways to achieve this is by use of water-soluble polymers that extract organic and metallic contaminants, from water. This paper presents a blend of composite polymers that eliminates both the contaminants simultaneously by the principle of adsorption at lower critical solution temperature. These composite polymers have been synthesized by grafting poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide), poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) on-to the natural polymer chitosan or its derivatives, giving smart graft polymeric assemblies (GPAs). One of the graft polymers, GPA-2, exhibits excellent adsorption properties able to remove metal ions like cadmium, cobalt, copper, lead, iron and also organic impurities like chlorophenol and phthalic anhydride. Studies reveal that 6 mg/ml GPA-2 is able to effect a 100% removal of organic impurities – chlorophenol (50 ppm) and phthalic anhydride (70 ppm) – from water, while complete removal of the heavy metal ions (Cu+2, Co+2 and Cd+2) together at 30 ppm concentration has been achieved with 7.5 mg/ml GPA-2. The reduction in level of impurities along with recyclability and reproducibility in the elimination spectrum makes these assemblies promising materials in water treatment.
Green Marketing in India: An Overview
Authors: Singh Chandrashekhar
Published: December 2016

In present time the term green marketing is one of the most discussed issue . Green marketing is a
phenomenon which has developed particular importance in the modern market and has emerged as an
important concept in India as in other parts of the developing and developed world, and is seen as an
important strategy of facilitating sustainable development. In this research paper, main emphasis has
been made of concept, need and importance of green marketing. It explores the main issues in adoption
of green marketing practices and its relationship to sustainable development. The paper describes the
current Scenario of Indian market and explores the challenges have with green marketing. The paper
also examines the present trends of green marketing in India and describes the reason why companies
are adopting it and future of green marketing and concludes that green marketing is something that will
continuously grow in both practice and demand.
Sustainable Social Entrepreneurship through Innovation diffusing Traditional Knowledge with Innovation: Case Study of Pottery Art in India
Authors: Sinha Ambalika , Rai Divya
Published: December 2016

India a massive country in terms of employment conditions and majority of human resources are involved in
unorganized sectors but are more vulnerable in compare to other types of formal employment. Upliftment of
these sector will results in increased economic conditions of population as well as it will fetch for foreign
currency. This paper emphasizes on technological as well as marketing intervention in one of the art form
i.e. Pottery which is at verge of extinction. Slight modifications in these will pave a long better way for
development.
Guerrilla Marketing: An innovative stride
Authors: Gupta Harshita , Singh Saumya
Published: December 2016

Marketing tools and techniques have constantly been evolved and with this evolution of marketing
practices, innovation is one thing which is inevitable. Marketers constantly have to keep an eye on the latest
trends prevailing in the market place and have to increase their know-how on effective communication of the
benefits which they have in their bags to offer to their customers. The arena of marketing and advertising has
witnessed several waves of innovation and new technology but surprisingly, studies reveal that not many of
the companies are making the use of it to the fullest. Guerrilla Marketing is one of the innovating practices
which is helpful in effectively communicating the brand and its benefits to the consumers. Guerrilla
Marketing hovers around the novel concept whereby it uses least amount of monetary funds to reach out to
its customers. In fact, it emphasizes on the creativity and long sightedness approach to leave a long lasting
impact on the consumers.
The concept of Guerrilla Marketing has a history which revolves around 'guerrilla warfare', during which
the Vietnamese made use of unique tools and tactics during Vietnam War in 1960s (Yüksel, 2010). Similarly,
Guerrilla Marketing is an innovative technique of achieving conventional goals with unconventional
methods involving less of funds and more of creativity (Kaden, 2007). Conrad Jay Levinson is known as
“father of Guerrilla Marketing” as he is the one who created this concept in his book Guerrilla Marketing
(1984).
The paper attempts to analyze the trends in marketing which has led to the evolution of this innovative
practice of Guerrilla Marketing by reviewing various articles, journals and books. Also, it studies the
different kinds of unconventional tools and techniques which fall under the purview of this concept. The
paper eventually helps in building greater insights about this holistic approach.
Innovations In Housing Finance Sector: In Reference To National Housing Bank
Authors: Khemka Shweta
Published: December 2016

structure, products, appraisal and recovery norms etc. Aggressive competition in the field of housing
finance has made it imperative that only effective and efficient functioning will be the key to survival and
success in the long run. As the apex housing finance institution of the country, NHB has been monitoring and
regulating the housing finance industry to ensure its growth on sound and healthy lines.
The objective of the paper is to review of existing housing finance products and potential and opportunities
associated with innovations in housing finance products. The programme will address issues like
Productive Housing in Rural Areas, issues related to Reverse Mortgage and Aam Aadmi Awas along with
existing housing finance products.
Rural Development and Employment through Skill Development
Authors: Patra Purnendu  Kumar
Published: December 2016

India has around 600,000 villages with around 64% of its 1.3 billion people living in them. It is absurd to imagine growth without the country-side growing as fast as India's towns and cities. This nation has one of
the largest pools of unskilled labor waiting to be trained and utilized. In the absence of proper training,
awareness and motivation, it is commonplace for the rural unemployed youth to adopt alternative means of
livelihood, many of which are shunned by civil laws. Through this paper the author wishes to throw some
light on the importance of Skill Development programs, their current status, the gap that exists between the
demand and supply of skilled labor and how employability of rural youth is enhanced by imparting skill
oriented training to them. Finally, the paper also emphasizes on how skilled and employable youth
contribute to overall development of a rural economy in particular and the nation in general. Data has been
gathered from reliable secondary sources. On assumed lines, it was also concluded that the need of the hour
for India is to aggressively pursue innovative government programs like Skill India and Make in India so
that by the turn of the decade, close to half of the projected eligible population could be employed in various
state-run schemes, private organizations. Entrepreneurship is also an outcome of innovative skill
development that has immense potential for employment and thus, development of the rural landscape. The
paper limits itself to the schemes launched by the respective state governments and central governments
thus leaving room for improvement as far as measures taken by privately owned organizations and NGOs
are concerned.
Women-Friendly Policies being adopted by Organizations: An Innovative aspect
Authors: Singh Shlesha , Pandey Mrinalini
Published: December 2016

Organizations are these days realizing the importance of women in the workforce and to tap that talent, organizations are now-a-days putting extra efforts. Workplaces were designed keeping men in mind and which has been intercepting women from continuing the competitive jobs and career along with the family responsibilities. On the other hand, there are various workplace barriers which are adding to the other problems. Women face several barriers at the workplace like sexual harassment, glass ceiling and gender stereotype.
Дослідження ЕЕГ-предикторів у хворих із гострою церебральною недостатністю, ускладненою вегетативним станом
Authors: Cherniy V.I. , Andronova I.A. , Gorodnik G.A. , Nazarenko K.V. , Cherniy T.V. , Andronova M.A.
Published: December 2016

Актуальність. Пригнічення свідомості й рівень відновлення психічної діяльності після коми — це актуальна неврологічна проблема. Апалічний синдром, або вегетативний стан, є одним із варіантів виходу з тривалої коми. Своєчасний нейрофізіологічний моніторинг, патогенетичне лікування, спрямоване на стимуляцію нейропластичності, і правильний прогноз перебігу даного захворювання є актуальними протягом всього періоду спостереження. Мета. Метою дослідження було вивчення ЕЕГ-предикторів у хворих із гострою церебральною недостатністю, ускладненою вегетативним станом, дослідження ефективності застосування нейротропних препаратів у хворих із апалічним синдромом. Матеріали та методи. Проводили обстеження і лікування 10 хворих із гострою церебральною недостатністю, ускладненою вегетативним станом. Діагноз вегетативного стану був виставлений у динаміці спостереження за хворими на підставі прийнятих міжнародних критеріїв. Для проведення досліджень застосовувалися комп’ютерні цифрові енцефалографи «Nihon-Kohden» і «Нейрон-Спектр», що мають можливість синхронно робити реєстрацію 8 каналів ЕЕГ і 1 каналу ЕКГ у 2-му стандартному відведенні. Обробка даних біосигналів проводилася за допомогою авторського програмного комплексу, розробленого в середовищі графічного програмування National Instruments LabVIEW, призначеного для проведення високоточних лабораторних досліджень. Статистична обробка даних проводилася із застосуванням пакету прикладних програм MedSTAT. Результати. У результаті проведених досліджень встановлено зниження міжпівкульної когерентності у всіх частотних діапазонах ЕЕГ по всіх відділах мозку, що є нейрофізіологічним предиктором розвит­ку вегетативного стану і зберігається протягом перебігу захворювання. Причиною зниження міжпівкульної взає­модії було ішемічне ураження кори головного мозку і його глибинних відділів. Це призводить до порушення зв’язків між підкірковими гангліями і корою головного мозку, що отримало назву «феномен роз’єднання». Трансформація вегетативного стану у «стан малої свідомості» супроводжується на ЕЕГ підвищенням поєднаності в альфа- та бета-діапазоні в симетричних центральних відділах (С3-С4), що є ознакою відновлення активності структур середнього мозку і діенцефальних структур. Після проведення фармакологічних проб із препаратом Гліятон® (холіну альфосцерат) було зафіксовано значне зниження (р ≤ 0,05) рівня дезорганізації ЕЕГ-патерну білатерально в правій і лівій гемісфері. Висновки. Застосування Гліятону® (холіну альфосцерату) в комплексній терапії хворих з апалічним синдромом призвело до трансформації вегетативного стану в «стан малої свідомості» у п’яти хворих із восьми.
Досвід застосування Медотиліну при лікуванні пацієнтів з гострими порушеннями мозкового кровообігу
Authors: Teshchuk V.Y.
Published: December 2016

У статті викладено результати клінічних досліджень Медотиліну — засобу з центральною холіноміметичною дією, що має яскраво виражений позитивний вплив на когнітивні та мнестичні функції мозку, проведених в умовах ангіоневрологічного відділення клініки нейрохірургії й неврології Військово-медичного клінічного центру Південного регіону України з травня2016 р.
Організація та особливості проведення профілактичних протиепідемічних дезінфекційних заходів серед цивільного населення й військовослужбовців у зоні локальних збройних конфліктів та бойових дій для запобігання спалахам та виникненню осередків інфекційних
Authors: Kochin I.V. , Manuilenko L.G. , Tsarev V.V. , Berezovsky V.S.
Published: December 2016

Розглянуті питання надання профілактичної санітарно-протиепідемічної допомоги населенню та військовослужбовцям в умовах збройних конфліктів та бойових дій. Встановлені найважливіші чинники, що визначають особливості медико-санітарного протиепідемічного забезпечення населення й військовослужбовців при надзвичайних ситуаціях воєнного характеру. Визначено роль дезінфекційних формувань у здійсненні профілактичних заходів, особливості їх проведення для запобігання епідемічним ускладненням. Для забезпечення національної безпеки, епідемічного благополуччя населення та військовослужбовців необхідне розв’язання стратегічного завдання — наукового обґрунтування удосконалення законодавчої та нормативно-правової бази, кадрового забезпечення протиепідемічних структур із внесенням конструктивних змін до законодавства щодо їх функціонування в мирний час, ефективної роботи в зоні локальних збройних конфліктів та бойових дій для запобігання спалахам і виникненню осередків інфекційних захворювань.
Післяопераційний делірій у пацієнтів похилого віку
Authors: Pavlov O.O. , Lutsyk S.O.
Published: December 2016

В огляді літератури наведено інформацію щодо профілактики делірію в оперованих пацієнтів похилого віку. Визначено недостатню кількість якісних досліджень із профілактики делірію. Етіологія післяопераційних когнітивних порушень дотепер залишається нез’ясованою. Розглядається кілька механізмів розвитку післяопераційного делірію. До них відносять періопераційну гіпоксемію та ішемію. Водночас слід зауважити, що ці показники визначалися шляхом вимірювання артеріального тиску й пульсоксиметрії, що має значний рівень похибки. Вірогідну точність та клінічну значимість, можливо, матиме церебральна оксиметрія. Наведено клінічні форми післяопераційного делірію, механізми розвитку та поширеність цього ускладнення. Наведено результати аналізу низки досліджень профілактичних заходів та зіставлення медикаментозних і немедикаментозних схем лікування і профілактики. Важливо підкреслити, що фармакологічне лікування не є першою лінією. Сучасні цілі передопераційної оцінки включають визначення індексу ризику, відповідно, рішення щодо найбільш прийнятного втручання, а також запобігання розвитку різних післяопераційних ускладнень, у тому числі післяопераційного делірію в пацієнтів похилого віку. Розлад мислення і сплутаність являють собою характерні клінічні ознаки післяопераційного делірію, що розвиваються на 1–3-й день після операції. Делірій може тривати понад один тиждень й асоціюється з різними ускладненнями, подовженням госпіталізації й низьким функціональним станом при виписці з лікарні. Проте фармакологічне лікування стає необхідним у випадках ажитації пацієнтів або відсутності адекватного післяопераційного догляду. Фізичні обмеження є небажаними, за винятком найбільш тяжких випадків, і то лише як тимчасовий захід, поки фармакологічні та інші втручання не дали заспокійливого результату. Отримані дані мають спрямовувати клініцистів до поміркованого підходу щодо призначення операції в літніх пацієнтів.
Вплив надмірної маси тіла та ожиріння на фертильність і виношування вагітності
Authors: Коrytko О.О.
Published: December 2016

У лекції розглядається вплив ожиріння в жінок репродуктивного віку на загальносоматичні та репродуктивні проблеми, що призводить до зниження фертильності. У жінок з ожирінням порівняно з жінками з нормальною масою тіла знижена як частота настання спонтанних вагітностей, так і ефективність лікування безпліддя різними методами (стимуляція овуляції та ін.). Після настання вагітності в жінок з ожирінням підвищені ризики природжених аномалій плода, макросомії, мертвонародження, гестаційної гіпертензії, гестаційного цукрового діабету, передчасних пологів і низки інших ускладнень. Зниження маси тіла позитивно впливає на менструальну функцію, підвищує ймовірність зачаття і народження здорової дитини, зменшує ризик несприятливих результатів вагітності.
Субклінічний гіпертиреоз: діагностичні критерії і принципи лікування. Огляд вибраних глав керівництва Європейської тиреоїдної асоціації 2015 року «Diagnosis and treatment of endogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism»
Authors: Galitskaya V.V.
Published: December 2016

Подано вибрані глави керівництва Європейської тиреоїдної асоціації 2015 року з діагностики і лікування ендогенного субклінічного гіпертиреозу. Оригінальний текст керівництва знаходиться у відкритому доступі на сайті https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4637513/
Морфометричні та біохімічні кластери метаболічного синдрому у пацієнтів із цукровим діабетом 2-го типу на різних стадіях діабетичної ретинопатії
Authors: Serdyuk V.N. , Іshchenko V.A.
Published: December 2016

Мета дослідження: вивчити морфометричні і біохімічні кластери метаболічного синдрому (МС) у пацієнтів з цукровим діабетом (ЦД) 2-го типу на різних стадіях діабетичної ретинопатії (ДН). Матеріали і методи. Дослідження проведені у 83 пацієнтів (166 очей), розділених на дві групи. Результати. При дослідженні морфометричних і біохімічних кластерів МС у 59 пацієнтів з ЦД 2-го типу (середній вік — 58,20 ± 0,99 року, середня тривалість ЦД — 9,19 ± 0,16 року) на різних стадіях ДР за допомогою дисперсійного аналізу і закону біноміального розподілу показано, що ДР формується на тлі ожиріння у 83,4 % хворих (зі збільшенням окружності талії), артеріальної гіпертензії (АГ) — у 71,4 % хворих, гіперхолестеринемії — у 61,9 %, дисліпідемії — у 47,6 % хворих і гіпертригліцеридемії — у 52,3 %. Подальше прогресування ДР статистично значимо асоціюється з АГ, дисліпідемією на тлі андроїдного ожиріння, гіперхолестеринемії і гіпертригліцеридемії. Висновки. Пацієнти з ЦД 2-го типу на проліферативній стадії ДР перебувають у групі підвищеного ризику виникнення судинних подій, у тому числі і на очному дні, що необхідно враховувати при хірургічному, фізіотерапевтичному і медикаментозному лікуванні.
Епідеміологія та клініко-морфологічні особливості раку щитоподібної залози в осіб, які проживають у Вінницькій області
Authors: Palamarchuk A.V. , Vlasenko M.V. , Prudius P.G. , Kolomiets V.M.
Published: December 2016

Актуальність. Рак щитоподібної залози (РЩЗ) є найбільш поширеною пухлиною ендокринних залоз. Проблема РЩЗ в Україні вийшла далеко за межі наслідків Чорнобильської катастрофи й характеризується зростанням захворюваності на цю патологію. Мета: вивчити захворюваність на РЩЗ у Він­ницькій області. Матеріали та методи. Прослідковано динаміку РЩЗ за останні 30 років (1986–2015 рр.) у жителів Вінницької області. Результати. Аналіз частоти РЩЗ за 30-річний період свідчить про постійний ріст цієї патології, особливо за останні 10 років. Захворюваність у дочорнобильський період перебувала в межах 1,0–1,2 випадку на 100 тис. населення, у перші 10 років після аварії вона виросла до 2,2–2,8 випадку на 100 тис. населення, у 2001–2005 рр. зросла до 4,4–5,5 випадку на 100 тис. населення, а в останні роки становила 9,9–11,3 випадку на 100 тис. населення. При порівнянні захворюваності в області з республіканськими даними виявлено, що показники в області більш високі, ніж загалом по Україні, але значно менші порівняно з регіонами, які найбільше постраждали внаслідок аварії на ЧАЕС (Київська область, м. Київ). По області спостерігається значне превалювання захворюваності жінок порівняно з показниками чоловічого населення. При аналізі динаміки захворюваності на РЩЗ у різних вікових групах статистично вірогідних розбіжностей не отримано. Висновки. Проведені дослідження структури захворюваності на РЩЗ серед жителів Вінницької області виявили значний ріст числа хворих серед дорослого населення. Рівень захворюваності в області перевищує республіканські показники й має тенденцію до збільшення, превалюють високодиференційовані форми, що мають малоагресивний перебіг, переважно в жінок, у солітарних вузлах, менших від 20 мм, що повинно викликати онконасторогу при виявленні цих хворих.