bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
3238 Botulinum Toxin Therapy: A Novel Approach to Gastroparesis
Authors: Rashid Mamoon Ur , Sarvepalli Deepika , Ullah Waqas , Zafar Hammad , Hussain Ishtiaq , Hasan Badar , Khan Muzammil Muhammad , Ur Rehman FNU Asad , Hurairah Abu
Published: October 2019

INTRODUCTION:

Gastroparesis is a dysmotility disorder characterized by symptoms of chronic dyspepsia and delayed gastric emptying including: nausea, vomiting, bloating and upper abdominal pain. One of the novel therapeutic approaches for gastroparesis is endoscopic botulinum injection. Here we report a case of post-surgical gastroparesis that responded well to botulinum toxin therapy.

CASE DESCRIPTION/METHODS:

A 43 years old gentleman with a past medical history of atrial fibrillation s/p cardiac ablation presented with complaints of chest pain and odynophagia. After MI was ruled out, patient was diagnosed with linear deep mid esophageal perforation, which was closed with 6 hemostatic clips. Patient was discharged on TPN, after being stable. Two weeks later, he presented for shortness of breath and chest discomfort again. Patient had loud pericardial friction rub and Stat Echo showed a pericardial effusion with early signs of cardiac tamponade. Patient underwent emergent pericardiocentesis. The patient became febrile with positive blood cultures and chest CT (pulmonary veins) revealed Atrio-esophageal fistula, pericardial effusion and left-sided pleural effusion with empyema. Patient underwent thoracotomy, decortication of empyema, and repair of inferior pulmonary vein/atrial margin, esophageal repair, G/J tube placements, and omental transfer. Patient developed gastroparesis likely due to vagal nerve injury postoperatively. Patient was then treated with intra-pyloric sphincter botulinum toxin injection. Patient responded well to the therapy and his gastroparesis improved by ≥60%.

DISCUSSION:

Gastroparesis is a complex disorder of delayed gastric emptying that impairs patient's quality of life. While diabetes (29%), postsurgical (13%), and idiopathic (36%) etiologies comprise the majority of cases, other causes include neuromuscular disease, medications, scleroderma etc. Postsurgical gastroparesis often occurs following vagus nerve injury or vagotomy. Diagnostic criteria include standard endoscopy, lab studies and CT of head and abdomen to exclude other causes of postprandial fullness and confirmation of delayed gastric emptying through gastric emptying scintigraphy. Treatment consists of dietary management, prokinetic drugs like metoclopramide and erythromycin, pyloric interventions, and innovative gastric electrical stimulation therapies. Botulinum toxin injection is an emerging pyloric intervention effective in the treatment of gastroparesis.
3240 Cytomegalovirus Gastritis in an Immunocompetent Patient
Authors: Mbonu Ikechukwu , Onwochei Jennifer , Nagarakanti Sandhya , Hudacko Rachel
Published: October 2019

INTRODUCTION:

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a large enveloped virus of the Herpes virus family. CMV frequently infects humans and can establish latent infection after an acute infection. In immune-compromised patients, CMV can have neurological, cutaneous, gastrointestinal (GI), cardiac or ocular manifestations and can cause severe organ dysfunction leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The colon and the stomach are the common sites of GI infection.

CASE DESCRIPTION/METHODS:

54 year old female with no prior medical history presented to the hospital with complaints of shortness of breath for the last 3 days and was noted to be in rapid atrial fibrillation. Patient was admitted and subsequently found to have severe mitral valve stenosis and moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation. The patient was seen by Cardio-thoracic surgery and underwent mitral valve replacement and tricuspid ring annuloplasty. During the post-operative period, the patient was found to have blood in her stool and was evaluated by the gastroenterology service. In evaluating her GI bleed, she underwent an upper endoscopy. Findings on upper endoscopy included, small hiatus hernia and a single small ulcer in the incisura of the stomach. An area of gastritis was found in the antrum/body of the stomach. The mucosa appeared nodular and edematous. Biopsies were taken from the antrum and showed gastric antral type mucosa with reactive gastropathy. CMV viral inclusions were present in the gastric pit epithelial cells, confirmed on immunostain for CMV. HIV and quantiferon gold tests were negative and the patient was not known to be on any immunosuppressive therapies. Serum CMV DNA PCR was tested on 2 subsequent days which showed 4858 IU/ml and 5548 IU/mL respectively.

DISCUSSION:

CMV infection of the GI tract is a common manifestation of CMV disease in the immunocompromised patients such as Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, organ/ bone marrow transplantation and other condition requiring chronic immunosuppressive therapy. CMV of the GI tract is rare in an immunocompetent patient and only few cases have been reported so far. Presenting symptoms include odynophagia/dysphagia, epigastric pain, nausea/vomiting, GI bleeding. However, in up to 7% of cases it can be asymptomatic. Endoscopic features of CMV infection include macroscopic normal mucosa, diffuse erythema, nodules, pseudotumors, erosions and ulcers. Detection of intranuclear inclusions, also known as “owl's eye,” is the hallmark of CMV infection.
3241 An Unusual Case of Mixed Connective Tissue Disease Presenting as Abdominal Pain
Authors: Vuittonet Cynthia , Aaron Robert
Published: October 2019

INTRODUCTION:

Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD) is a rare systemic autoimmune condition with clinical features similar to systemic lupus erythematous, dermatomyositis, sarcoidosis and rheumatoid arthritis. The diagnosis of MCTD consists of high antibody titers to U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (RNP) in peripheral blood and the presence of clinical manifestations. The most common manifestations are Raynaud phenomenon, joint and muscle pain. Gastrointestinal manifestations of MCTD are less common and are usually gastroesophageal reflux disease or dysphagia. This case describes MCTD presenting as epigastric abdominal pain in a healthy woman.

CASE DESCRIPTION/METHODS:

The patient is a 50-year-old female with no past medical history who was referred to gastroenterology for evaluation of two months of epigastric pain that failed to improve after a thirty-day course of esomeprazole. The pain was described as “squeezing and strangling” in character. A subsequent EGD was unremarkable. The patient was noted to have a mild elevation in her ALT (38) and underwent an ultrasound that demonstrated hepatomegaly and hepatic steatosis. A serological chronic liver disease work-up was negative with the exception of ANA, which was 1:80 in a homogenous pattern. The rest of the patient's laboratory work-up was unremarkable. ANA nine months later was again positive. Anti-RNP antibody was also positive. In the setting of persistent unexplained pain, a repeat ultrasound was performed and was normal. A HIDA scan was done, which demonstrated a borderline ejection fraction of 27%. Biliary dyskinesia was not felt to be cause of the patient's pain given its character and timing. The patient was advised to see a rheumatologist regarding her positive anti-RNP antibody but failed to do so. She presented to a new PCP with continued epigastric pain and new onset arthralgia and edema. The patient was started on methylprednisolone rapid taper which resolved all of the patient's symptoms. The patient was advised to start hydroxychloroquine but she declined due to resolution of her symptoms.

DISCUSSION:

MCTD is a rare systemic autoimmune condition with clinical manifestations affecting multiple organ systems. Gastrointestinal involvement of MCTD is less common. In this case a previously healthy woman presented with epigastric pain and was found to have MCTD as a cause of her symptoms. This case is an unusual presentation of MCTD and is clinically important as early treatment of MCTD decreases the risk of progression to other organ systems.
3242 Unsuspected Proteins
Authors: Steele Joshua , Birris Thomas
Published: October 2019

INTRODUCTION:

Amyloidosis is a general term used to describe extracellular deposits of circulating proteins. Although the gastrointestinal tract is commonly affected, rarely is gastroparesis the presenting symptom in this devastating illness.

CASE DESCRIPTION/METHODS:

61 year old male with history of HTN and diabetes related ESRD on hemodialysis, and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction that presented to the hospital with 3 months of nausea, recurrent emesis, loose stools, dyspnea, and 60 pound unexplained weight loss. Nausea was fairly constant with emesis occurring typically about 30 minutes after meals. On hospital day 2, patient underwent EGD that was pertinent for atrophic gastric mucosa as well as a large amount of food remaining in the stomach. Biopsies were taken for further investigation. With history of uncontrolled diabetes, diabetic gastroparesis was now considered #1 on differential and gastric emptying study was recommended. Hours after EGD patient became hypotensive and intermittently bradycardic. He was initially responsive to dopamine but after 3 days of wean trials, he was unable to be weaned off dopamine and permanent pacemaker was placed. On day 5, biopsy results came back revealing moderate inflammation of gastric mucosa. Congo red stain was applied to characterize amorphous material seen within the lamina propria. The stain was positive and polarization showed apple green birefringence supporting diagnosis of amyloidosis. Gastric emptying study consistent with prolonged solid phase gastric emptying with 82% of activity remaining in the stomach at 4 hours. On day 7 of hospitalization, patient had a echocardiogram that showed newly reduced ejection fraction of 30% with global hypokinesis, thus supporting the diagnosis of likely cardiac amyloidosis as well. Patient was trialed on reglan but it was discontinued early due to proarrhythmic properties. Patient ultimately expired a few weeks later due to profound cardiogenic and septic shock that was unresponsive to pressor support.

DISCUSSION:

Amyloidosis involves the gastrointestinal tract in 70-100% of cases (seen post-mortem) but less than 1% have gastrointestinal symptoms. There are very few case reports citing the association of delayed gastric emptying with amyloidosis and even more rare has it been the presenting symptom. This case raises the need to consider gastric amyloidosis when patients are presenting with rapid weight loss of unknown etiology and the importance of biopsy during EGD to help with diagnosis.
3243 Unusual Presentation of Gastric Adenocarcinoma and Ascites
Authors: Akhavan Shahrzad Anita , Mun Michael , Oak Rachana , Chum Christopher , Lapin Seth
Published: October 2019

INTRODUCTION:

Approximately 3-6% of patients with gastric carcinoma (GC) present with ascites at their initial presentation of GC. Many studies suggest that GC patients with ascites have poor prognosis due to ascites-related complications, like spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP).

CASE DESCRIPTION/METHODS:

A 69 year-old Asian female active smoker presented with worsening abdominal pain and 10 lbs weight loss for 1 month. She reported one episode of coffee ground emesis. Physical examination revealed reticulated abdominal skin discoloration, right upper quadrant tenderness, and hypoactive bowel sounds. Laboratory studies: Hgb: 12.4 g/dL; MCV 92.3 fL; WBC: 14.2 K/mcL, Lactate: 1.3 mmol/L, BUN 13 mg/dL, Cr < 0.46 mg/dL. CT abdomen revealed distended small bowel loops, moderate ascites, omental caking and gastric thickening greatest at the gastric body with surrounding fat infiltration and tiny nodes. Paracentesis drained 3.8 L of cloudy yellow ascites fluid with a WBC of 385. The patient was started on treatment for SBP. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy was performed revealing a partially obstructing, ulcerating mass at the gastric cardia and gastric body (A). Biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of gastric adenocarcinoma (B).

DISCUSSION:

We present a patient who initially presented with symptoms suggestive of malignancy. Her labs revealed SBP although her presentation was asymptomatic. With only 3-6% of patients with gastric carcinoma (GC) presenting with ascites at their initial presentation of GC, ascites-related complications, like SBP, is associated with poorer prognosis. For this reason, current treatment for GC with ascites is palliation and prevention of ascites-related symptoms.
Surgical treatment of diffuse toxic goiter and the possibility of predicting its results
Authors: Balabolkin M. I. , Vetshev P. S. , Petunina N. A. , Trukhina L. V.
Published: October 2019

Most of the most respected researchers in the field of thyroidology agree that the ideal treatment for diffuse toxic goiter (DTZ) should ensure the rapid elimination of the clinical symptoms of thyrotoxicosis and be accompanied by a minimal risk of complications for the patient [1, 2, 7]. Unfortunately, at present, clinical practice does not have a treatment method that fully meets these requirements. The choice of treatment method for DTZ is largely determined by the commitment of specialists and their experience in the application of a particular treatment method, the characteristics of national endocrinological and surgical schools, the capabilities of a particular medical institution, as well as the sex, age of the patient, options for the clinical course of the disease, the patient’s wishes and some others factors. It can be noted that the recommendations given by experts in Europe, the USA and Japan are different. Conservative therapy with antithyroid drugs is quite widespread in European countries, but the low frequency of achieving stable remission of the disease does not satisfy endocrinologists [1,5, 32, 40, 42]. Radioactive iodine therapy, which is widely used in the USA and Western Europe, which is a rather effective method of treating DTZ, over time leads to the development of hypothyroidism in almost all patients [16, 20], it is also necessary to take into account the risk of developing thyroid cancer, breast, infertility and severe osteoporosis in women in the premenopausal period [10, 13, 18, 19]. Surgical treatment occupies a significant place in the treatment of DTZ, providing the patient with the most rapid achievement of the euthyroid state, however, like any surgical intervention, it is accompanied by a number of characteristic complications [2, 46]. Nevertheless, in Japan, thyroidectomy is considered the main treatment for DTZ.
Surgical treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Ismailov S. I. , Uzbekov K. K. , Nugmanova L. B. , Nazar E. O. , Rakhimzhanov O. N. , Nasyrov A. A.
Published: October 2019

Ninety patients (61 women and 29 men) aged 18—60 years with primary hyperparathyrosis (PH PT) of several months to 12 years standing were observed. Control group consisted of 20 normal subjects (15 women, 5 men) aged 18—60 years. Osseous PHPT was diagnosed in 51 patients: mild in 6, moderate in 30, and severe in 15 patients. Mixed PHPT 33 was diagnosed in 39 patients (mild in 8, moderate in 23, and severe in 8). Six types of interventions were used. Solitary adenoma was found in 44patients (48.8%), paired and multiple adenoma of the thyroid in 33 (36.6%), thyroid hyperplasia in 10 (11.1%), and carcinoma in 3 (3.3%) cases. Surgical treatment promoted recovery and restoration of working capacity in 74.4% patients during the first 6 months and in up to 92.3% during the next 3—6 months after reoperation for relapses and hypoparathyrosis.
Corticosteroid-binding globulin in experimental hypothyroidism in male and female rats
Authors: Nadolnik L. I. , Emelyanov N. V. , Pasteur I. P. , Vinogradov V. V.
Published: October 2019

Main parameters of complex formation of corticosteroid-binding globulin (CSG) were studied in young male and female rats with hypothyrosis induced by mercasolyl in a daily dose of 6 and 30 mg/kg. No pronounced differences in CSG, typical of adult animals, were observed in young rats under conditions of thyroid function inhibition. Steroidand androgen-inhibitory and estrogen-inducing effects of hormones towards CSG did not manifest in hypothyrosis. Decrease in the level of thyroid hormones is characterized by increased affinity of CSG for glucocorticoids and a decrease in the concentration of binding sites. These data indicate that thyroid hormones are the primary regulators of CSG activity. Possibility of modifying CSG affinity and role of this factor in regulation of biological activity of glucocorticoids are discussed.
Long-term results of conservative and surgical treatment of patients with diffuse toxic goiter
Authors: Petrova N. D. , Khomyakova V. N. , Melnichenko G. A.
Published: October 2019

The disease history, levels of ТЗ, T4, ТТН were investigated and thyroid ultrasonography was made in 111 patients with diffuse toxic goiter (DTG) admitted to hospital in 1984—1993. Of them, '83 had primary DTG, 28 had recurrent thyrotoxicosis. The diagnosis was made in 1978—1993, the treatment was performed in different medical institutions according to the patients ’ residence. The analysis showed that endocrinologists of different clinics practice different policy of thyrostatic treatment (different initial doses of the drugs, different duration of their administration). Out of 98 patients treated with mercasolil recurrence arose in 68%, persistent euthyrosis in 35%, hypothyroidism in 2%>. It is demonstrated that outcome of the conservative treatment does not depend on the initial dose of mercasolil or adjuvant levo-thyroxine but solely on the duration of continuous treatment. After 52 operations recurrences occurred in 35%, hypothyroidism in 36%, euthyrosis in 29%. Recurrent thyrotoxicosis developed as a rule within a year after thyrostatic treatment (84%) and within 5 years after operation (94%).
Jahangir Khakimovich Khamidov (on the occasion of his 70th birthday)
Authors: Problem of Endocrinology Editorial Board
Published: October 2019

Jahangir Khakimovich Khamidov (on the occasion of his 70th birthday)
Diversity of endophytic fungal community associated to the roots of Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels growing in the arid and semi-arid regions of Algeria
Authors: NOUI Abdallah , SAADI Abdelkader , SHAKOOR Abdul , MEROUANE Abdelaziz , MOSTEFA DELLA Nassima , ZAIB Gul , AKINYEMI Damilare Stephen , MEDJAHED Housseyn
Published: October 2019

Current study identified endophytic fungi associated to Argania spinosa (argan) roots and revealed diverse haplotype diversity by the sequencing of internal transcribed spacer (ITS). 586 operational taxonomic units were identified and these operational taxonomic units (OTUs) could be assigned to fungal functional diversity such as endophytes, ectomycorrhiza and putative pathogens. Ascomycota phylum was abundant. Beside Ascomycota phylum, Basidiomycota members were also found in argan roots. Geopora, Sebacina, Knufia, Tomentella, Penicillim had high relative abundance. Our results highlighted a non-nested assemblage of fungi. Current non-nested findings also confirm that fungi have similar pattern found in other habitats. Pairwise analysis mirrored segregation pattern between same and different functional fungal group. Fungi in semi-arid conditions are non-randomly structured. Members of Ascomycota phylum had high Z-scores. This is the first molecular study conducted in arid and semi-arid habitats of Algeria aiming to identify fungi associated with roots in argan tree. Given the fact that deserts are among harsh environments and fungi associated to desert plants may have implications for biodiversity and ecosystem functioning.
The Discourse on Language in International Relations
Authors: Akyesilmen Nezir , Ishmeal Mohammed
Published: October 2019

Niewiele się zmieniło od czasu, gdy Stanley Hoffman ogłosił, że stosunki międzynarodowe (IR) są amerykańską nauką społeczną, a John Hobson podkreślił „brak bezwartościowych i uniwersalistycznych teorii relacji międzypaństwowych.” W szczególności od 1970 r., wraz z końcem zimnej wojny oraz rozwojem technologii informacyjnych i komunikacyjnych (ICT), dyscyplina IR stanęła przed poważnymi wyzwaniami w stosunku do swoich podstawowych ram koncepcyjnych i teoretycznych. Pomimo szeregu zmian systemowych i pojawienia się nowego środowiska w stosunkach międzynarodowych, dziedzina ta nadal jest silnie uzależniona od starych, nieodpowiednich i/lub obciążonych wartością koncepcji z początku XX wieku. Co więcej, dyscyplina została przeciążona przez zestaw eurocentrycznych i etnocentrycznych koncepcji, które prowadzą studentów IR do kwestionowania jej międzynarodowego charakteru. Można dyskutować, czy wynika to z niekompetencji czy niewłaściwego używania języka. Artykuł ten ma na celu konstruktywną dekonstrukcję głównych i hegemonicznych koncepcji w IR. W pracy wykorzystano jakościową metodę analizy dyskursu, aby ponownie zbadać związek między użyciem języka i kontekstu, często uważaną za pewnik, co ogranicza rozumienie pojęć stosowanych w dyscyplinie IR w celu promowania innowacji i postępu w tej dziedzinie.
The meaning of life between the self and the normative process of self-realisation
Authors: Caruso Giovanna
Published: October 2019

Self-research becomes a starting point for the question about the human being in contemporary anthropological approaches. Accordingly, human life is not viewed anymore as the theoretical object of philosophical investigation, but as the concrete performative execution of the individual’s life. Following this existential paradigm, this paper shows, on the basis of Heidegger’s ‘analytic of Dasein’ and Angehrn’s ‘hermeneutic of the self,’ that the meaning of life can be identified with the process of self-realization much more than with any possible meaningful achievements, engagements or qualities. In fact, understanding human being as a self-interpreting being, Heidegger grasps human life based on the analysis of the ‘understanding,’ the ‘mineness’ and the ‘potentiality-to-Being’ as one’s own reflexive process of self-reference. Angehrn discloses this process as an endless self-understanding process, during which the self forms itself, and defines it as the process that characterizes human being. In this sense, the human being is ‘condemned to meaning.’ By grasping man as such a process, one fundamental feature is expressed: his constitutive unfathomability. For the task of becoming, the self comes from the self that has to become. This means that the self is constantly in the process of becoming self-existent and exists only as this process and remains unfathomable to man in his completeness. In this infinite process of self-realization, in this task of becoming oneself consists the meaning of life. And here, its normative-reflexive character arises. For the ‘must’ to become self has its origin in the self that has to become.
Numerical Simulation and Experimental Research on Material Parameters Solution and Shape Control of Sandwich Panels with Aluminum Honeycomb
Authors: Li Dongsheng , Wang Mingming , Zhou Xianbin
Published: October 2019

This paper aims to solve two problems of the sandwich panel with aluminum honeycomb: material parameters solution and shape control. The accurate material parameters of the sandwich panels are the basis of shape control. Therefore, a mixed numerical-experimental method is proposed to inversely solve equivalent material parameters of the sandwich panel using genetic algorithm (GA) in the first place. Then a high efficiency FE model based on equivalent material parameters is established to study shape control of the sandwich panels. For shape control, the key issue aims to search optimum position and adjustment volume of control points where actuators are installed. Toward the end, the FE simulation method is deployed to optimize actuator position and adjustment volume one by one. Finally, an active control platform based on multi-point adjustment is developed to verify the practicability of the approach proposed in this paper. Through the experiment of shape control, the root mean square (RMS) of surface deviation of sandwich panel is decreased from 62.7μm to 15.5μm. The results show that the shape control can significantly improve the surface accuracy of the sandwich panels, and the validity of equivalent material parameters is also proved from the side.
Surplus Power Approach to Diagnose Gas Turbine Engine Starting Characteristics
Authors: Babu C. Jagadish , Samuel Mathews P. , Davis Antonio , Mishra RK
Published: October 2019

Successful starting is of utmost importance to any gas turbine engine. In order to ensure successful engine start, the concept ofsurplus powerto accelerate the engine from rest to its idle speed has been proposed in this paper. The concept of surplus power is illustrated with starting data of different types of engines. The effect of variation in surplus power on engine acceleration characteristics has been brought out for in-depth understanding. Analysis of surplus power will provide invaluable information to designers and operators to address issues related to engine starting process. It is found that starting characteristics, i. e. speed vs. time is only a gross characteristic whereas acceleration characteristics dN/dt provides input for minute analysis in surplus power. It is also observed that in case of turbo-shaft engine with free power configuration, turbine is found to come into action much later after light-off whereas in turbo-prop and APU engines with single spool configuration, turbine comes into action immediately after light-off followed by rapid increase in EGT.
Los autores
Authors: Ficha Sobre los autores
Published: October 2019

Sobre los autores
The Fourth Wall
Authors: Adeyemi Toni , Hodoyán Karina , Dunye Cheryl
Published: October 2019

Toni Adeyemi, a senior in media studies at the University of San Francisco, and Karina Hodoyán, an associate professor in the Spanish Studies program and director of the Master's in Migration Studies at the University of San Francisco, interview filmmaker Cheryl Dunye. The conversation took place across different media platforms and moments in time, and focuses on both Dunye's past work and her recent directorial transition into new platforms of filmmaking and storytelling, including directing episodic television. Dunye mentions the politicization of the breaking of the “fourth wall,” and the advent of social-media storytelling about identity, race, gender, and queer desire. She also discusses her current project Black Is Blue, a work in progress set in the future about a love affair between a trans couple in Oakland. The figures show a related Instagram project touching on Dunye's many influences as well as instances of fourth-wall breaking in contemporary television.
Potencial de Zantedeschia aethiopica L. para la rehabilitación de suelos contaminados con cromo hexavalente en zonas alto andinas de Ecuador
Authors: Beltrán Dávalos Andrés Agustìn , Rosero Erazo Carlos , Cargua Catagña Franklin , Echeverría Magdy
Published: October 2019

Zantedeschia aethiopica L. (Lirio de agua) es una planta vascular ornamental, protectora de humedales y sistemas fluviales con alta distribución en la zona Andina del Ecuador.  El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto tóxico del cromo VI (Cr+6) en esta planta, reconociendo sus limitaciones como bioindicadora, para lo cual se determinaron los efectos fisiológicos específicos y no específicos, entre ellos: germinación relativa de semillas (GRS), elongación radicular relativa (ERR) e índice de germinación, en unidades experimentales consistentes en concentraciones de 0, 50, 100, 200 y 300 mg/kg de Cr+6 durante 168 h.  Las observaciones fueron realizadas durante 20 semanas en la etapa de germinación en plantas  cultivadas en suelo contaminado en condiciones semicontroladas de temperatura, humedad y capacidad de campo.  Para determinar el Factor de Bioconcentración (FBC), en poscosecha se utilizaron los índices de traslocación (IT) como concentraciones del metal en la parte aérea de la planta (tallo, hojas y flores) y en el suelo.  Los resultados mostraron toxicidad similar de Cr+6 en concentraciones de 100, 200 y 300 mg/kg en la etapa de germinación y con efectos fisiológicos no específicos en el crecimiento de la planta en concentraciones de 200 y 300 mg/kg presentando ausencia de floración, enanismo y marchitamiento.  Los resultados mostraron un límite CL50 de 118.96 mg/kg-de Cr+6 en el cual la planta es una especie bioacumuladora y bioindicadora de este metal.
Dados Internacionais de Catalogação
Authors: Estudos Ibero-Americanos Editorial
Published: October 2019

Dados Internacionais de Catalogação
Territórios da Boa Nova: os espaços da festa e os limites da palavra
Authors: Luz Guilherme Amaral
Published: October 2019

Neste artigo, observamos como os espaços nos quais davam-se as festas religiosas quinhentistas no Brasil eram constituídos como festivos. Ao mesmo tempo, visamos perceber as diferentes formas de festas comportadas em cada espaço como limites estabelecidos para a proclamação do testemunho cristão.
Jesuítas: os Mestres do Neengatú
Authors: Resende Maria Leónia Chaves de
Published: October 2019

Esse artigo procura resgatar a visão que os guarani tiveram do processo de catequese nas missões jesuíticas. Procuramos compreender a leitura que os guarani fizeram sobre o uso da língua como instrumento de conversão.
Mordva-Erzya of the Alatyrsky District at the end XVII – early XVIII century
Authors: Mariskin Oleg I.
Published: October 2019

Introduction. In the article process of migration of the Mordovian population of the Alatyrsky district at the end of XVII – early XVIII century is investigated. The ethnic situation in the province changed significantly after the defeat of the peasant revolt of 1670–1671. Results. The suppression of the revolt was accompanied by repressive measures and an increase in taxes, which led to the spontaneous mass migration of Mordva from Alatyrsky district. In addition, many of the Mordovian murzas with the Russian Cossacks and the Tatar serving population of Alatyrsky district was transferred orderly for the protection of the southern and Eastern borders of the Russian state. By the end of the 17th century, the spontaneous resettlement process had grown significantly – entire villages, families and a separated individuals moved. Discussion and Conclusion. Due to the “free” migration of Mordva and the settlement of Russian serfs by landlords in their fiefdoms, many Erzian settlements of Alatyrsky district became Russian settlements. In the beginning of the 18th century in Alatyrsky district of the Mordva-Erzya already lived only in 85 villages (80,95 % to 1671), and the majority of the population of the county began to make Russian (311 villages, 64,94 % of the rural population of the district). More than half of the peasants of these inhabitants belonged to landlords. Since then, the ethnic structure of the county had been dominated by the Russian population.
Foreign Trade as a Means of Overcoming Environmental Problems in the Early Modern Era: the Possible Application of the Concept of Kenneth Pomeranz to Trade Relations between Western and Eastern Europe
Authors: Ermolov Arseny Ju.
Published: October 2019

Introduction. The article discusses the impact of trade with Eastern Europe on the British industrial revolution. The author uses the concept of K. Pomeranz described in the book “The Great Divergence”. But the author does not agree with his assessment of the role of Eastern Europe. Discussion and Conclusion. The author proves that the dynamics of trade between Eastern and Western Europe in the Early Modern era was not always stagnant. The hundred-year period of stagnation was not caused by bad Eastern European institutions, but was part of the global crisis of the XVII century. Trade with Eastern Europe was important as a source of “phantom acres” that reduced the environmental burden. It provided Britain with more “phantom acres” and did so during the critical period of the beginning of the industrial revolution. The importance of trade with America was also critical, as it provided the precious metals and colonial goods needed to trade with Eastern Europe. Both these regions were important for saving the West from falling into the Malthusian trap.
THE REVIEW ON THE MONOGRAPH
Authors: Zapariy Vladimir V.
Published: October 2019

Arsentyev N. M. Moscow Mountain Government in the History of Russian Industrialization.
A different technique for sutureless coronary bypass grafting
Authors: Ruttkay Tamás , Bárány László , Grimm András , Patonay Lajos , Petneházy Örs , Rácz Gergely , Baksa Gábor , Galajda Zoltán
Published: October 2019

Introduction

Many coronary anastomotic devices have been designed to replace manual stitching in coronary surgery; however, interestingly, none of them became widespread. Our aim was to work out an easy and fast endoluminal vessel-to-vessel stent bridge distal anastomotic technique.

Materials and methods

Ten coronary arteries of eight fresh human hearts were used in this study. The anastomosis was performed with the implantation of a graft vessel into the lumen of the coronary artery by performing stent fixation. The technique is described and photo documented in detail. The durability and the conductibility of the anastomosis were examined with intraluminal endoscopy, functional streaming test, and a coloring of the vessels.

Results

The anastomosis had great results in all cases. Obstruction, dissection, or dislocation of the vessels was not observable.

Conclusions

This study confirmed the ex-vivo feasibility of the described technique. This method can be an easy, fast, and reliable method applied in the endoscopic distal coronary artery anastomosis surgery. The development of stents adapted to this method and the in-vivo testing of this technique are necessary for the future.
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS FROM THE LEAVES OF Uvaria boniana Fin. & Gagnep IN VIETNAM
Authors: Tam Nguyen Thanh , Tuan Nguyen Ngoc , Trung Hoang Van , My Chau Le Thi , Trung Anh Dinh Thi , Luu Hoang Van
Published: October 2019

Abstract HCTN_12A phytochemical study of extracts of Uvaria boniana Fin. & Gagnep collected at Vũ Quang National park, Nghe An province leaves led to the isolation of five secondary metabolites, including uvaridacol G (1); 4-methyl-4-[(2Z)-3’-phenylprop-2’-en-1’-yl]cyclohex-2-en-1-one (2); 3,7- dimethoxy quercetin 4’- O- [α-L- rhamnopyranosyl-(12) -β-D- glucopyranoside (3); b-sitosterol (4) and stigmasterol (5). Their structure elucidation were determined on the basis of one and two-dimensional NMR and spectrometric methods in combination with molecular modeling. This is the first report on the chemical constituents of Vietnamese Uvaria boniana.
SYNTHESIS OF TWO NEW HYDROXIMINOSTEROIDS FROM CHOLESTEROL AND THEIR BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION
Authors: Tran Thu Thuy Thi , Dinh Ha Thi , Salvaraja Baskar , Pham Long Quoc , Ngo Quang Dai , Do Nghi Huu , Lee Jae Wook
Published: October 2019

A simple and efficient synthesis of two new hydroximinosteroidal derivatives (11, 13) from cholesterol was described. The cytotoxicity of these compounds, their intermediates were evaluated on human cancer cell lines including Hep-G2, HeLa and T98G. Compound 13 presented a potent antiproliferative effect to T98G cancer cell at 2.9 mM of IC50. In addition, the antimicrobial assay showed that two new oximes 11 and 13 were active against E. coli and S. aureus strain (MIC :50 mg/mL).
Kamu Özel İşbirliği Modellerinin Türk Maliye Politikası Bakımından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: KÜRKCÜ Murat , COŞKUN ÖNAL Hilal
Published: October 2019

Toplumların artan
ihtiyaçları devletlerin yerine getirmesi gereken hizmetlerde ve altyapı
yatırımlarında artışa neden olmaktadır. Gelişmekte olan ülkelerdeki kamu kesimi
finansman açıkları, kamu gelir yapısındaki yetersizlikler ve istikrar sorunları
göz önüne alındığında altyapı yatırımlarının tek başına kamu kesimi tarafından
karşılanmasının zorlaştığı görülmektedir. Bu durumda idareler özel sektör ile
işbirliği yollarına başvurmaya başlamıştır. Kamu Özel İşbirlikleri (KÖİ), kamu
idaresinin uygulamayı düşündüğü hizmetleri sunmak amacıyla alternatif kaynak
oluşturmaya dönük uygulamaları kapsamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı günümüzde
kamu yatırım ve hizmetlerinin gerçekleştirilmesinde alternatif bir kaynak
olarak KÖİ modelinin, literatür araştırmasını yaparak, farklı boyutlarıyla
analiz etmek ve bu çerçevede söz konusu modelin Türk kamu maliyesine olan
etkilerini değerlendirmektir.
Pazarlama 1.0’dan Pazarlama 4.0’a Doğru Değişim
Authors: DURUKAL Esma
Published: October 2019

Sürdürülebilir
bir rekabet avantajı yaratmak, günümüz dijital değişimine uyum sağlamak için firmaların
pazarlamada meydana gelen evrimi takip etmesi ve kendilerini sürekli olarak bu
dönüşüme göre güncellemesi zorunlu bir nitelik taşımaktadır. Firmaların günümüz
şartlarında geleneksel anlayış yerine dijitalleşmeye önem veren bir pazarlama
anlayışına geçişi söz konusudur. Pazarlama anlayışı, ürün odaklı yaklaşım
olarak nitelendirilen pazarlama 1.0’dan, müşteri odaklı olarak nitelendirilen
pazarlama 2.0, değer odaklı anlayış olarak nitelendirilen pazarlama 3.0 ve
sanal gerçeklik odaklı pazarlama 4.0 anlayışı olarak değişim göstermiştir. Bu
çalışmanın amacı, geleneksel pazarlama anlayışı Pazarlama 1.0’dan günümüz
dijital pazarlama anlayışı Pazarlama 4.0’a yolculuk sürecindeki değişimi kavramsal
çerçevede anlatmaktır. Ayrıca bu yaklaşımlar arası farklılıklar ve bu sürece
firmaların entegrasyonundan bahsedilecektir.
Kamu Düzeni, İdare ve Tarihsel Bakiye Dolayımıyla Ezeli ve EbediÖte(de)ki: Afrika
Authors: AYDIN Barış , TUNCER Fatih Fuat
Published: October 2019

Bu çalışmada ilkin, Afrika’nın fiziki, siyasal,
toplumsal ve tarihsel süreçlerine dair bilgilendirmenin yanı sıra kolonyalizm
öncesi ve sonrası kamu düzeni ve kurumlarının kısa bir değerlendirmesini
yapılacaktır. Ardından genellikle Batı tipi kurumsallıkları norm addederek
mukayese faaliyetine girişen cari kamu yönetimi konvansiyonlarının karşısında
Afrika’nın kendine özgü bir öznelliği mi cisimlediği yahut Batıdaki kurumların
yerel renkli sıradan bir benzerinden mi ibaret olduğuna dair çıkarımlar yapmak
gayretindedir. Buradan hareketle Afrika, her ne kadar kolonyalizmin kahredici
etkilerinin yarattığı muazzam bir tahribatı haiz olsa da Batı tipi bir
çatışmacı toplumsal-siyasal gelenekten ziyade köklerindeki oydaşma, müzakere,
ortak karar alma ve yaşamı müşterek sevk ve idare etmeye dayalı kadim kültürü
nedeniyle son yıllarda fazlasıyla dillendirilen Batı-dışı bir kamu yönetimi
anlayışı tesis etmeye fazlasıyla namzettir.
Tüketim Bağlamında Dijital Kadın Dergilerinde Haber-Reklam İlişkisi: Marie Claire Türkiye Örneği
Authors: KAZAN Hüseyin
Published: October 2019

Toplumu bilgilendiren önemli mecralardan olan kadın dergileri özellikle
magazinleşmeden dolayı reklam aracına dönüşmüştür. Bu durum dergilerin
içeriklerini olumsuz etkileyerek içeriğin önüne geçmekte ve tüketime
yönlendirmektedir. Bu çalışmada da başlıklar üzerinden iç içe geçmiş
haber-reklam ilişkisi incelenmektedir. Çalışmada araştırma için köklü bir
geçmişe sahip olması ve çok sayıda ülkede yayınlanmasından dolayı Marie Claire
Dergisi seçilmiştir. Çalışma Marie Claire’in dijital ortamda yayınlanan 2016
yılındaki on iki sayısı ile sınırlandırılmıştır. İçerik analizi ve betimsel
tarama yöntemleri kullanılarak hazırlanan çalışmada haber-reklam ilişkisine
odaklanılmaktadır. On iki sayının bütün sayfalarının çalışmaya dahil edildiği
araştırmada nitel ve nicel olarak derginin reklam ve haber sayıları da ele alınmıştır.  Araştırma sonucunda haberlerde genellikle
tüketimi özendiren başlıkların kullanıldığı görülmüştür.
Tarih Bilinci ve Kelam İlmindeki Muhtasar Teliflerin İslam Eğitim Geleneğindeki Yeri
Authors: ERDOĞAN İbrahim Halil
Published: October 2019

Tarih bilinci sonrakilere aktarılan
bir tecrübe birikimi ve gelecek nesillerin hazır bulduğu önemli bir tarihi
miras olma özelliği taşır. Gelenek, örf, adet ismi de verilen bu tecrübe
birikimi tarihin süzgecinden geçerek klasik olma niteliğini elde etmiştir. On
dört asırlık bilgi birikimine sahip Müslümanların bu kültürü günümüze aktarmada
izleyeceği yöntem de ayrıca büyük öneme haizdir. Bu çalışmada genel olarak
klasikler özelde de akâid ve kelam klasiklerinin telif nedenleri ve bunların
sonraki nesile neler kazandırdığı incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Kelam ilmine yön
verme özelliğine sahip bu klasiklerin okunmasında izlenecek metodoloji de bu
vesileyle analiz edilecektir. Çünkü geleneği günümüze aktarmada sadece yazılan
metinlerin satır aralarına sıkışmak, İslam’ın evrensel değerleri ile de problem
oluşturabilmektedir.
Harf İnkılâbı Ekseninde Türk Aydınının Arap Harflerine ve Hat Sanatına Bakışı
Authors: ÖZKAFA Fatih
Published: October 2019

Cumhuriyet’in ilanından sonra ivme kazanan harf inkılâbı tartışmalarının kökeni Tanzimat yıllarına kadar uzanır. Başlangıçta, Arap harflerinin Türkçe dil yapısına uymasında yaşanan zorluklara temas eden Osmanlı aydınları zaman zaman konuyu gündeme getirmişler ve ilmî açıklamalarla bunun gerekliliğini ispatlamaya çalışmışlardır. İmlâ sorunlarının çözümü için farklı teklifler sunmuşlardır. Buna mukabil, Arap harflerine taraftar olan çoğunluk ise kendi tezlerini yine ilmî gerekçelerle ortaya koymuşlardır. Ancak bilhassa Cumhuriyet sonrasında Latin harflerine geçilmesini savunanların sayısı artmış ve gerekçeleri de modern Batı toplumuna uyum sağlama, yani çağdaşlaşma eksenli olmuştur. Bu sıralarda bazı aydınlar eski yazıyla alay eden, hatta Arap harflerine hakaretler içeren makaleler kaleme almışlardır. Ahmet Haşim ve Refik Halid Karay bu isimlerdendir. Ahmet Haşim, sadece Arap harflerinin değiştirilmesini savunmamış, bu harflerle icra edilen hat sanatının bile devrinin kapandığını iddia etmiştir. Bununla birlikte, vaktiyle Latin harflerine geçilmesini destekleyen aydınlardan bazıları ise daha sonra pişmanlık duymuşlardır.
Spor Sponsorluğu ile Marka İmajı ve Marka Değeri Arasındaki İlişki: Nicel Bir Araştırma
Authors: DENİZ Elif
Published: October 2019

Bu çalışmada Türkiye A
Milli Futbol Takımı ve 2018 yeni forma, ayakkabı ve ekipman sponsoru olan
dünyaca ünlü spor giyim markası arasındaki sponsorluk ilişkisi Keller (1993,
2003)’in tüketici temelli marka değerleme yaklaşımıyla incelenmiştir. Veriler
nicel bir araştırma yöntemi ile takımın 2018 UEFA Uluslar Ligi ve 2020 Avrupa
Şampiyonası elemeleri maçları öncesi ve sonrası toplam 378 kişilik bir örneklem
grubundan toplanmış, elde edilen bulgulara göre maçlardan önceki ve sonraki
katılımcıların Milli Takımın imajına, sponsor marka imajına ve marka değerine
yönelik tutumları sabit kalmıştır. Buna göre hem Milli Takım hem de sponsor
marka olumlu marka imajlarını korumuştur. Ancak sponsor markanın imajı ve marka
değeri arasındaki korelasyonda iki değişken arası orta derece, anlamlı ve
pozitif bir ilişkinin olduğu tespit edilmiş ve bu ilişkinin gücü maçlardan
sonra bir miktar düşmüştür. Sonuç olarak sponsor markanın imajına yönelik
olumlu ya da olumsuz tutumların marka değerini etkilediği ve marka imajı
yükseldikçe marka değerinin de yükseldiği söylenebilir.
Romantizm Akımının Karşıtlığı İçinde Abdülhak Hâmit Tarhan’ın Hacle Adlı Kitabında Yaşama Yeniden Tutunması
Authors: ALGÜL Ali
Published: October 2019

Bu çalışmada, Abdülhak
Hâmit’in Hacle adlı yapıtından ve Romantizm akımından yararlanılarak eşi
Fatma Hanım’ı kaybettikten sonra içine düştüğü karamsarlıktan tekrar yaşama
dönmesi ele alınmaktadır. 1852’de doğan Abdülhak Hâmit Tarhan, kendisini ikiye
bölünmüş bir toplumda bulur. Çok sevdiği Fatma Hanım’ı kaybettikten sonra da dışarıda
reel olarak yaşadığı ikilemi bu kez iç dünyasına taşır. Umut-umutsuzluk,
yaşam-ölüm, varlık-yokluk arasında bocalayan şâir, kendini sanata vererek
eşinin önce hastalığından sonra da ölümünden duyduğu acıyı Romantizm akımının da
etkisi altında Bunlar Odur, Makber, Ölü ve Hacle adlı
kitaplarında dışa vurur. Bu eserlerinde öte dünyadan bu dünyaya doğru bir
yönelişi ortaya koyan Hâmit, metafizik ve felsefeyi de şiir dünyasına taşıyarak
Türk edebiyatının tematik açıdan zenginleşmesini de sağlar. Çalışmada ele
alınan Hacle, Abdülhak Hâmit’in olumsuzluktan olumluya geçmesini konu
edinir. 1886’da yayımlanan yapıtta şâir makber ve hacle arasında çatışma yaşar.
Eserin sonunda da yeniden doğuşu sembolize eden hacle, bu çatışmadan üstün
çıkar.
O que é desenvolvimento regional? Uma aproximação a partir da realidade brasileira
Authors: Theis Ivo Marcos
Published: October 2019

Este artigo é consagrado à problemática do desenvolvimento regional. O propósito é oferecer uma compreensão um pouco mais contextualizada do que possa ser desenvolvimento regional. De forma que se buscará, nos limites de um artigo breve e objetivo, definir o contexto no qual se possa formular uma noção mais precisa de desenvolvimento regional. A preocupação não é com a elaboração de um conceito abstrato; ela está na tessitura de um quadro, que tem ganho nitidez na pós-graduação brasileira nas três últimas décadas, no qual se possa formular uma compreensão de desenvolvimento regional que corresponda à realidade sociocultural brasileira. Ao pretender-se contribuir para a construção do quadro referido, no qual se pode avançar um entendimento mais preciso de desenvolvimento regional, define-se o Brasil como lócus privilegiado desta tentativa, e suas características socioculturais (como o idioma, a institucionalidade educacional etc.) como referências inamovíveis. Por fim, o artigo sugere que as exigências para que se reconheça o desenvolvimento regional como um campo de conhecimento autônomo estão atendidas.
Agroindústrias rurais familiares (ARFs) como estratégia de reprodução socioeconômica da agricultura familiar nos municípios de Santo Augusto e Campo Novo - RS
Authors: Spanevello Rosani Marisa , Duarte Luana Cristina , Schneider Catia Letícia Corrêa , Martins Sinara Pizzi
Published: October 2019

As agroindústrias rurais familiares (ARFs) têm se tornado uma importante estratégia de reprodução socioeconômica na agricultura familiar. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo é analisar – em um caso específico - a importância dos processos de agroindustrialização nas propriedades rurais que transformam parcialmente/totalmente a matéria-prima, buscando responder: qual é a importância dos processos de agroindustrialização nas propriedades rurais? Como as ARFs promovem a reprodução socioeconômica da unidade familiar? A revisão bibliográfica parte das discussões em torno da reprodução socioeconômica da agricultura familiar, das ARFs, aqui tidas como uma estratégia de reprodução das famílias e as contribuições que estas trazem ao contexto de desenvolvimento rural. O contexto empírico de pesquisa envolveu os municípios de Santo Augusto e Campo Novo/RS no período de dezembro de 2017. A metodologia consistiu em um estudo de caso com quatro ARFs definidas como agroindústria A (processadora de melado), agroindústria B (de embutidos), agroindústria C (de mandioca) e agroindústria D (de panificados). Os resultados demonstraram que as ARFs surgem como novas práticas de desenvolvimento rural, na medida em que garantem a permanência das famílias no campo, principalmente jovens e mulheres. É utilizada pelos agricultores como uma estratégia de renda complementar, agregação de valor aos produtos e diversificação por meio de atividades pluriativas, na busca por maior qualidade de vida da família. As ARFs também contribuem diretamente com o desenvolvimento socioeconômico local, preservando a cultura e as tradições, uma vez que seus produtos são comercializados no município, como em supermercados, escolas, feiras, entre outros.