bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CФЕРА ТУРИЗМУ У ПОВОЄНИЙ ПЕРІОД: ДОСВІД ДЛЯ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Фастовець Оксана
Published: July 2022

Стаття присвячена актуальним проблемам відновлення сфери туризму після завершення військових дій. Зазначено зростання основних показників сфери туризму світу після пандемії Covid-19 та зростання туристичних потоків до більшості країн Європейського регіону. Висвітлена наявність геополітичної нестабільності в Європі після повномасштабного військового вторгнення Росії на територію України. Розглянуто практики країн світу, які успішно вийшли з повоєнної кризи та швидко відновили туристичну сферу. Висвітлено досвід Хорватії, Ізраїлю, Кіпру, Єгипту у розвитку туристичного сектору в період пост військових дій та конфліктів з сусідніми країнами. Визначені основні напрями відновлення сфери туризму після завершення військових дій в Україні. Запропоновані перспективні види туризму країни на сучасному етапі: лікувальний, екологічний, гірськолижний, гастрономічний та темний (dark) туризм на територіях, що були окуповані російськими військами.
ГОТЕЛЬНИЙ ПРОДУКТ ТА ЙОГО СКЛАДОВІ: ТЕРМІНОЛОГІЧНІ УТОЧНЕННЯ І ПРАКТИЧНЕ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ
Authors: Галасюк Світлана
Published: July 2022

Стаття присвячена актуальним питанням, пов’язаним з формуванням готельного продукту. Систематизовано та проаналізовано наробки вчених щодо сутності та складових готельного продукту. Вказано на відсутність новітніх досліджень за даною темою. Акцентовано увагу на необхідності пошуку різноманітних шляхів для забезпечення високої якості обслуговування клієнтів у засобах розміщення. Підкреслено, що підвищення конкурентоспроможності готелів може бути досягнуто через відстеження відгуків туристів про готельний продукт та пропозицій щодо його покращення. Пропоновано авторське визначення готельного продукту. Зроблено уточнення щодо змісту окремих рівнів готельного продукту. Наведено приклад роботи із систематизації відгуків (позитивних та негативних) та пропозицій туристів щодо базового, очікуваного, розширеного та потенційного рівнів готельного продукту.
ANALYSIS OF THE STATE AND TRENDS OF THE WORLD MARKET OF BUILDING MATERIALS
Authors:   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Voloshko Nataliia
Published: July 2022

The modern industry of constructional materials includes more than twenty independent sub-sectors, many of which include several types of production. Each sub-sector serves its own markets that operate independently and form a global market of constructional materials. The role and place of the global market of construction materials in the construction industry as its main infrastructural element were discovered in the article. The features of the functioning of the global market construction materials and its current state and development prospects are analyzed. The range of economic prerequisites determining global changes in the construction industry is considered. Special focus on the problems of the functioning of the global market of construction materials and the impact of the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. The relevance of the issue of creating business models for the development of human capital of enterprises in the construction industry is substantiated. The ways of adaptation of the subjects of the global market of construction materials to new challenges are analyzed. Possibilities for further restructuring of the world-building materials market have been identified. Revolutionary changes are observed in the construction industry in general and the global building materials market in particular, and these changes affect each chain of the value creation system of construction projects. As a result of the analysis of the challenges facing the global construction industry, expected the adaptation of the players in the construction market will lead to a fundamental change in the modern construction process from a project-oriented approach to a product-focused approach. Construction business models will increasingly be digitized. The construction industry will acquire the characteristics of industries such as shipbuilding or automotive. The consolidation of the construction industry and the unification of manufacturers of building materials under the auspices of large construction corporations would be quite logical. The construction materials production process will become more environmentally friendly in the nearest future, and supply chains will be more energy-efficient. The restructuring of the construction market will lead to the exclusion of companies that cannot adapt quickly enough to changes in the industry.
ASSESSMENT OF THE EXAMPTION OF IMPLEMENTATION OF INVESTMENT PROGRAMS IN CERTAIN REGIONS FOR SUPPORT OF ENTERPRISE
Authors:   Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Boiko Tetiana
Published: July 2022

The article substantiates the need to develop methodological principles for assessing the feasibility of implementing investment programs in individual regions. An algorithm for assessing the attractiveness of regions for the implementation of investment programs to support entrepreneurship in individual regions, taking into account their economic potential and industry orientation. The developed algorithm includes five main stages. At the first stage, the selection and generalization of economic indicators is carried out to assess the attractiveness of the region for the implementation of investment programs to support entrepreneurship by hierarchical analysis. To this end, a group of regional experts is created, which involves highly qualified specialists with extensive practical experience in various fields of economic activity (business environment, financial, fiscal and budgetary sphere, representatives of scientific schools, the public, etc.). At the second stage, the integrated indicator of assessing the attractiveness of regions for the implementation of investment programs to support entrepreneurship is calculated, using the index of small business activity and the index of propensity of regions to implement investment programs to support entrepreneurship. At the third stage, the integrated indicator of the region is assessed, its rating and compliance with one of the three groups of propensity to implement investment programs to support entrepreneurship are determined. At the fourth stage, a matrix of attractiveness of regions for the implementation of investment programs to support entrepreneurship is built and its data are interpreted. It is proposed to distinguish two groups of regions according to the index of small business activity (relatively high and relatively low activity) and three groups according to the index of propensity to implement investment support programs (high, moderate and low propensity). At the last stage, an assessment of the region's sectoral orientation is carried out in order to select the priority of investment programs to support entrepreneurship.
CONCEPTUAL PRINCIPLES OF POST-WAR ARRANGEMENT OF THE UKRAINIAN URBAN SPACE DESTROYED AS A RESULT OF MILITARY ACTION
Authors:   SO ", Tiutiunnyk Hanna ,   Institute of Market and Economic&Ecological Research of the NAS of Ukraine", Kupinets Larysa ,   SO "Institute of Market and Economic&Ecological Research of the NAS of Ukraine"
Published: July 2022

The article outlines the main directions of the Action Plan (rational, inclusive, green, efficient, nonlinear reproduction, increasing economic productivity, stimulating high levels of investment, transforming the economy into carbon-free, architecture into green, bioclimatic and safe) to revive Ukrainian settlements based on current analysis. situation in Ukraine according to available official data of losses from the impact of hostilities. It is argued that some places cannot be rebuilt in the way they existed, new roads, bridges and railways are under reconstruction, investment losses, labor outflows and defense spending add to the negative impact of hostilities on GDP. The current world experience in rebuilding cities affected by military conflicts (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Syria, Lebanon, Iraq, etc.) is analyzed. Accordingly, the research developed conceptual principles for the reconstruction of Ukrainian cities (villages, settlements) destroyed by hostilities, namely presented the necessary tasks (community involvement, setting priorities, respecting local traditions, healing the emotional state of residents for memories of horrific events), tools for their solution (platform for interconnection and exchange of projects with theoretical research and practical actions, system of organizational and economic measures of the nonlinear action plan for priority and further assistance to cities, districts, villages and their components, protection and reproduction of cultural heritage, attractive atmosphere of places and their further promotion), ways and results. It is argued that the urban planning of the country should be based on the principles of urban typology, population needs, priorities, innovation inclusiveness, emotional and spiritual healing, ambience, atmosphere, restoration of protected areas. The essence of each of the principles of building a new model of the country on the basis of sustainability, innovation, inclusiveness and creativity is revealed.
SOCIAL INNOVATIONS: MAIN ASPECTS
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Zakharchyn Halyna
Published: July 2022

The article describes the main aspects of social innovations that embrace philosophic, theoretic-methodological, institutional, and economic parts. It notes that the philosophic aspect reflects the subjective factor of the idea of growth as a natural desire to gain knowledge, understand the world transformations, social practices, culture of thinking, and formation of a new reality. In the context of the theoretic-methodological aspect, the article covers different scientists' points of view and specific contradictions arising while considering the semantic essence of the term "social innovations". The study highlights specificities of the institutional aspect, which reflects an institutional provision for social innovations, cooperation between various institutions, and consistency of social projects and governmental programs. The article stresses the specificity of the economic aspect, which is important in terms of ensuring efficiency due to the implementation of social innovations and broadening the scope of social resource use for coping with complex societal challenges. The work emphasizes that social innovations are the motivational source of societal development since they are directly related to the improvement of human life quality, motivation for self-development and creativeness. Special attention is paid to the ecology problem that has worsened since the war caused by Russian aggression started. Therefore, social innovations aimed at restoring the ecosystem's natural balance must have high priority in governmental and grant projects of modernization and rebuilding in our country. The article justifies that social innovations depend on the personal characteristics of the people involved in the innovational process. Therefore, it is necessary to abide by moral-ethic principles and the culture of cooperation between people participating in the creation and implementation of the innovational idea. Consequently, the rational principle of social innovations gets combined with the culturological factor, which will result in a positive synergetic effect and provide high reputational capital.
MARKET OF MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS IN UKRAINE: TRENDS AND PROBLEMS
Authors:   National Academy of Statistics, Accounting and Audit, Lunova Tetiana
Published: July 2022

The purpose of the article is to study the current state, features and problems of the development of the market of mergers and acquisitions in Ukraine. The urgency of considering this topic is due to the importance for Ukrainian companies of participating in the processes of mergers and acquisitions, which gives the opportunity to expand the scope of activities, increase profitability, penetrate new markets, and reach a qualitatively new level of development. The essence of mergers and acquisitions as a form of integration processes has been specified. Motives for initiating the process of merger or acquisition are analyzed. The classification of types of mergers of companies is considered. An analysis of the state of development of the Ukrainian M&A market for the period 2017–2021 was carried out, positive dynamics of the number and value of deals were revealed. The distribution of M&A deals by industry was analyzed. The most attractive sectors of the Ukrainian economy from the point of view of conducting mergers and acquisitions were identified: IT and telecommunications, agriculture, food industry, mining industry. Attention was drawn to the significant growth of M&A deals in software, electronic and data-intensive industries due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on increased Internet activity. It was concluded that the most active participants in the Ukrainian M&A market are European investors, investors from the Middle East and North America. Obstacles to the formation of investment attractiveness of the Ukrainian market are named, in particular: high tax pressure; lack of stimulating function of taxes; high currency risks and currency restrictions; ineffective system of protection of private property rights. Among the problems of the development of the domestic M&A market, the following are identified as the main ones: underdevelopment of the stock market; a significant share of unfriendly takeovers, shady deals and raiding of business assets; a high share of insiders among shareholders; low development of business culture and ethics; insufficient use of mechanisms for financing deals, such as IPO and LBO financing; lack of transparency and availability of information about concluded agreements. The main directions of activation of M&A processes on the Ukrainian market are outlined.
ANALYSIS OF PROFITABILITY OF ENTERPRISES AND WAYS TO INCREASE IT IN CONDITIONS OF ECONOMIC INSTABILITY
Authors:   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, Stepanenko Oksana , Pavlovska Khrystyna ,   LLC AF "PricewaterhouseCoopers (Audit)"
Published: July 2022

The approaches of domestic scientists to the interpretation of the essence of the category's "profitability" is studied, the stages and parameters of their evaluation are substantiated. It is proved that profitability is the main indicator of profitability, which characterizes the efficiency of financial and entrepreneurial activities of the enterprise. According to the results of the study, the factors influencing the profitability of enterprises in the field of services were identified. It is substantiated that external factors have a significant impact on the efficiency of enterprises: economic and tax policy; stability of the financial and credit market; demand for services and the level of competition in the industry. It is proved that the value of profitability is influenced by internal factors: the quality of management, marketing, financial activities; innovative approaches in doing business, employee skills, coherence of the service delivery process. The profitability of operating activities of Ukrainian enterprises specializing in providing services to various segments of the population has been studied. A practical and analytical study of the activities of LLC "SILAND" as a business entity in the field of services. Its indicators of profitability (investment capital, equity, assets and sales of services) are analyzed, the factor analysis of formation of operating profit is carried out. To improve the economic stability of the enterprise in the market of services, increase its financial results, two alternative recommendations have been developed: reduction of operating costs; change in the direction of spending (investment) of money. According to the results of the analysis it is established that the increase in profitability of LLC "SILAND" is possible due to the increase in sales of services through: 1) the implementation of effective marketing policy in the field of sales; 2) diversification of the range by adding to the list of complementary and interchangeable services; 3) regional diversification of activities (expansion of the sales region); 4) the provision of those services that bring more income, and the elimination of non-profit types.
FEATURES OF LOGISTICS DEVELOPMENT OF TOURIST SERVICES IN UKRAINE
Authors:   National Pedagogical Dragomanov University, Shchabelska Valentyna , Pologovska Iuliia ,   National Pedagogical Dragomanov University, Bykova Mariia ,   National Pedagogical Dragomanov University
Published: July 2022

The article reveals the peculiarities of the development of logistics of tourist services from the standpoint of the practical aspect. It is determined that the introduction of logistics tools for tourism services management, namely the provision of integrated tourism services, is to create effective mechanisms for managing the flow of tourists, transport, information, financial resources, services and logistics of tourism services. The logistics of the tourism process have been found to reduce costs and improve customer service. It is established that to improve the quality of tourist services it is necessary to increase the level of security and service, to provide additional services to consumers of tourist products. The introduction and use of logistics technologies in the tourism industry allows to achieve high results, mainly due to the fact that the application process is consistent with the domestic economic policy of tourism organizations and complements it. The analysis of statistical data showed that in 2021 compared to 2020, the volume of realized tourist services in Ukraine increased significantly, in particular those services provided by travel agencies and tour operators. It is proved that the leaders-providers of tourist services are Lviv and Ivano-Frankivsk regions. It is determined that the share of tourists who use leisure and recreation services is significant in the structure of tourist services. It has been proven that logistics management, which takes into account the details of the travel services market, should: ensure or balance demand, or provide maximum satisfaction as much as possible; constantly research the needs of customers and collect information about their negative evaluations of travel services; provide for the formation of a long-term logistics chain of tourism participants; provide travel companies with a competitive logistical advantage in terms of time, service and cost; provide for the search for a mechanism by which the territory in which tourist activities are carried out is adapted to the conditions of national legislation related to tourist activities, etc. In the future, it is planned to reveal the features of the development of logistics of tourist services in Ukraine during the war.
CIVILIZATIONAL DIMENSION OF RAPPROCHEMENT BETWEEN UKRAINE AND THE EU IN THE CONTEXT OF ESCALATING MILITARY CONFLICT
Authors:   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Skrypnyk Nataliia , Yarushyn Yevhenii ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University
Published: July 2022

The article discusses the rapprochement between Ukraine and the European Union in the context of escalating military conflict. Russia's invasion of Ukraine, which is completely unprovoked and unjustified, has caused terrible human suffering and mass destruction of cities and other communities. It is determined that the Russian invasion will have great consequences for the society and economic development of Europe and the world, especially after two years of the coronavirus pandemic. An analysis of the forecast of the International Monetary Fund on the topic of changes in world GDP in 2022–2023, which shows that economic growth in the European continent in 2022 will slow down sharply due to hostilities in Ukraine. The need of the Ukrainian government for significant financial support to ensure the support of its functions is substantiated. It was revealed that the EU provides comprehensive and short-term assistance to the Ukrainian people, takes measures to impose sanctions on the Russian economy, which have been classified in detail by areas of influence and consequences. It has been established that one of the main problems that will remain after the military conflict in Ukraine is the reconstruction of the affected country. At a time of war in Ukraine, talks on future reconstruction may seem premature, as the country cannot take measures to rebuild the destroyed infrastructure on a large scale, given the constant threat of missile and artillery strikes. However, EU governments, along with Ukraine itself, are already focusing on reconstruction planning. It is proposed to develop a draft recovery platform for Ukraine, in which the EU and its partners will play a key role by adding investment from various areas to a specially created recovery fund which will receive payments from the EU and European Bank for Reconstruction and Development budgets, member states' contributions, various credit and grant programs, public and private investments of interested investors, financial assistance from the G7 countries and other partners, especially from international financial institutions such as the International Monetary Fund or the World Bank. Investments by partners will help Ukraine build a new, much more stable and developed economy that will support the Ukrainian people on the difficult and long path of European integration.
CRITERIA FOR OPTIMIZATION OF STRATEGIC GOALS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Black Sea Research Institute of Economics and Innovation, Bilyaze Oleksiy
Published: July 2022

The article considers the development of the socio-economic system as a qualitative transformation of the system, which leads to a new state, taking into account natural changes and the transition from one state to a more perfect. The strategic goals of economic development in the national macroeconomic environment were defined as the unity of interconnected and interdependent components. The main factors and conditions that determine the sustainable development of the country were listed. The concept of "Sustainability" was defined. Types of resilience were considered. The basic conditions for sustainable economic development were provided. These conditions are the systematization, selection and complexity of the process of resource provision of the economic environment of the national economy. A model for ensuring the sustainable development of the socio-economic system was proposed. The main segment components that determine the structure and state of macroeconomic processes from the standpoint of sustainable development of the socio-economic system were identified. The structure of the socio-economic system was considered as a complex, multifaceted, multicomponent and multilevel economic system. The main conditions for the development of the socio-economic system were listed. These conditions are monitoring and measuring the results of activities in the system. The model of the influence of the structural and functional environment on the effectiveness of the socio-economic system was illustrated. The concept of "Efficiency" was defined as a relative value that characterizes the ratio of the results obtained with the goals of the socio-economic system or the result with the cost of obtaining it. The basic principles and components that allow the modern economy to function were listed. The concept of "Adaptability" as a process of permanent purposeful structural and functional adaptation of the system of strategic economic development goals to certain living conditions was analyzed. Conclusions were made on the strategic goals of economic development of the socio-economic system.
IT-SECTOR OF UKRAINE: DEVELOPMENT PROBLEMS AND SIGNIFICANCE FOR THE NATIONAL ECONOMY
Authors:   Zaporizhzhia National University, Krylov Denys
Published: July 2022

The article clarifies that the IT sector is of great importance for the development of society, as its effective growth affects both human life and the potential of the domestic economy. Today, information technologies are penetrating all sectors of the national economy and opening up new opportunities through modernization and innovation. The active spread of information technology is a global trend due to growing competition; changing consumer behavior; reducing the cost of information technology and their availability; the constant struggle of technologies, which are the basis for their continuous improvement; the need to adapt to a market economy and daily life to the challenges posed by the spread of the coronavirus. It is determined that a powerful impetus to intensify the spread of information technology was the COVID-19 pandemic, the quarantine restrictions of which led to the rapid development of e-commerce, put some everyday work online and led to increased profitability of IT enterprises. Among the priority areas for the development of the IT industry in Ukraine are IT outsourcing, e-commerce, expansion of research centers, startups, IT in the public sector and the improvement of telecommunications. It was found that our country has a strong potential for the development of the IT sector, which is already one of the priority sectors of the national economy, as evidenced by the increase in its share in GDP and export growth. However, its further effective development is hampered by numerous factors, among which special attention should be paid to such as: political and economic instability; inefficiency of state protection of intellectual property rights; ambiguity and inefficiency of tax legislation, legal and judicial systems; high degree of risk in the IT; inconsistency of training of IT specialists with international standards; unfavorable investment and innovation climate, etc. Solving these problems will provide additional impetus to the IT sector and thus not only bring it to the international level, but also create strong conditions for increasing the competitiveness of the domestic economy as a whole.
MECHANISMS OF DATA EXCHANGE REGULATION
Authors:   Institute of Economics and Forecasting of NAS of Ukraine, Mishchenko Volodymyr
Published: July 2022

The article analyzes the foreign and domestic practice of regulating the exchange and use of data as an important intangible asset, which is a tool for managing economic and social processes. It is determined that the use of data becomes especially relevant in crisis situations, when in order to reduce the level of uncertainty and the impact of risks it is necessary to make urgent decisions in the interests of society as a whole, taking into account many internal and external factors. It is classified data by sources of origin, nature of use and impact on economic and social processes, conditions and mechanisms for effective data exchange between public and private sectors, as well as cross-border data exchange. The objective need to strengthen the requirements for mechanisms for regulating the exchange and use of data in order to increase management capacity, efficiency of economic activity and the functioning of society has been proved. The main tasks of regulating the circulation and use of data are identified, the directions of improving the existing organizational and legal forms of interaction between the public and private sectors in the field of data, as well as the mechanisms of the data market. The criteria for assessing the effectiveness of open data portals are determined, the directions of improvement of the state open data portal of Ukraine are substantiated. The basic scheme of organization of public-private partnership in the field of data exchange and use is developed, the necessity of legislative regulation of spheres of responsibility and establishment of clear rules of interaction of partners on maintenance of fair and safe conditions of data exchange is proved. In order to increase the social value of data, the main provisions and directions of practical implementation of the concept of «data of general interest» are revealed, the mechanisms of voluntary and mandatory exchange of them are identified. It is proved that such data exchange is of paramount importance for national security, combating epidemics and natural disasters, protecting the environment, meeting public needs and accelerating the socio-economic development of the country as a whole.
THE CONCEPT OF AUTOMATION AND FEATURES OF APPLICATION OF MODERN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AT THE ENTERPRISES OF THE HOTEL AND RESTAURANT
Authors:   University of Customs and Finance, Yazina Viktoriia , Kucher Marharyta ,   University of Customs and Finance, Nebaba Nataliia ,   University of Customs and Finance
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to the theme of the formation and development of automation of enterprises in the hotel and restaurant industry. In today's world, the technogenic sphere of mankind is represented by a large number of artifacts that differ in the degree of automation: mechanical robotic devices, conveyor systems, servomechanisms, automated rolling mills, logistics systems involved in transport, warehouses, vehicle management, computer networks and more. It is clear that the introduction of automated technologies in different sectors always reduces the amount of human labor required. The beginning of automation processes is based on the need to implement, first of all, means and methods of control at each stage of the production cycle, so there is a need to automate control operations. It quickly became clear that automation could not be considered as a technical device, or even a combination of them. This concept, first of all, should be understood as a dynamic process of the life cycle of goods, products, services from their planning to implementation through the use of different technological approaches. The existing scientific theoretical works of both domestic and world authors are studied, analyzed and summarized, special attention is paid to studying and giving examples of the practical application of various areas of using the possibilities of automated production. The possibilities and prospects of three different levels of automation, which are presented in the modern market of services, are considered in detail. Different types of production automation used in modern conditions are analyzed. The use of an effective concept of automation at the enterprises of the hotel and restaurant industry is proposed. Automation of the service sector is a modern progressive direction that allows you to transform and implement the provision of services in many sectors of the economy, in particular in the hotel and restaurant industry. In the field of tourism, the automation of hotel and restaurant and airline reservation systems has also allowed to automate information, booking and procurement systems, which has significantly improved and expanded the operational capabilities of travel agencies and their clients.
PERFORMANCE MEASURE OF MULTIPLE-CHANNEL QUEUEING SYSTEMS WITH IMPRECISE DATA USING GRADED MEAN INTEGRATION FOR TRAPEZOIDAL AND HEXAGONAL FUZZY NUMBERS
Authors: Mueen Zeina , Zaibidi Nerda Zura , Ramli Razamin
Published: July 2022

In this paper, a procedure to establish the different performance measures in terms of crisp value is proposed for two classes of arrivals and multiple channel queueing models, where both arrival and service rate are fuzzy numbers. The main idea is to convert the arrival rates and service rates under fuzzy queues into crisp queues by using graded mean integration approach, which can be represented as median rule number. Hence, we apply the crisp values obtained to establish the performance measure of conventional multiple queueing models. This procedure has shown its effectiveness when incorporated with many types of membership functions in solving queuing problems. Two numerical illustrations are presented to determine the validity of the procedure in this queueing model, which involved using trapezoidal and hexagonal fuzzy numbers. It can be concluded that graded mean integration approach is efficient with fuzzy queueing models to convert fuzzy queues into crisp queues. This finding has contributed to the body of knowledge by suggesting a new procedure of defuzzification as another efficient alternative.
ON THE PROOF OF THE THEOREMS OF FOUNDATIONS OF GEOMETRY USING ISABELLE/HOL
Authors: Takahashi Tadashi , Iwama Fumiya
Published: July 2022

Isabelle/HOL is a generic proof assistant. Using Isabelle/HOL requires insight into procedures as well as into the concepts involved. In addition, how a computer manages procedures can affect mathematical concepts. Use of Isabelle/HOL can correct a current weakness in mathematical studies. The advantage of the theorem proving support system represented by Isabelle/HOL is that it mechanically guarantees the “correctness” of both human-written programs and mathematical proofs. It can allow us to clearly understand mathematical concepts and can minimize the burden of operation opportunities. However, in order to take advantage of its high versatility and reliability, the problem that all certification procedures must be clearly formalized when creating certification must be overcome. “Foundations of Geometry” is a book on mathematics written by Hilbert in 1899. The book is famous as the most rigorous study of the axiom system of Euclidean geometry by axioms and formalism. When we tried to implement Hilbert’s axioms in Isabelle/HOL, the proofs based on human cognition hindered the implementation. The purpose of this paper is “correctly” reconstruct the proofs as automated theorem proving. We are aiming to implement them “accurately” on Isabelle/ HOL and have done so for many of them. This is the originality of this study.
ANALISA PASAL KARET UNDANG-UNDANG INFORMASI DAN TRANSAKSI ELEKTRONIK TERHADAP ASAS KEJELASAN RUMUSAN
Authors: Tan Kendry
Published: July 2022

Pasal multitafsir atau kerap dikenal sebagai pasal karet dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Teknologi Elektronik merupakan permasalahan yang sudah lama berada di Indonesia. Pasal karet tersebut tentunya menunjukan bahwa terdapat pasal yang tidak tercerminkan dalam asas pembentukan perundang-undangan yang seharusnya dianut secara mutlak dalam setiap pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan. Dalam penelitian ini, Peneliti akan membahas mengenai pasal-pasal yang dianggap multitafsir dalam undang-undang tersebut beserta dampak-dampak yang akan diakibatkan karena pasal karet tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan solusi untuk pemecahan masalah yang timbul akibat pasal karet yang terkandung dalam undang-undang informasi dan transaksi elektronik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pasal karet yang terkandung dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Teknologi Elektronik memiliki dampak buruk terhadap perkembangan Indonesia sehingga untuk turut ijut serta dalam mewujudkan Indonesia yang lebih baik maka timbul sebuah gagasan yang akan dituangkan dalam penelitian ini.
KELALAIAN NOTARIS DALAM PEMBUATAN AKTA AUTENTIK BERDASARKAN PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH AGUNG R.I NOMOR 2604 K/Pdt/2019
Authors: Lubis M.Faisal Rahendra , Noor Tajuddin
Published: July 2022

A notary is a public official of the state who is given the right and authority to make state documents or deeds that are needed by the public to obtain legal recognition and validity. A Notary cannot refuse an application for a deed and can be sued if he refuses without a clear reason as per the code of ethics of his position as a Notary. The type of research in this study is normative juridical with a research study approach to dispute cases in Decision Number 2604 K/Pdt/2019 concerning Notary Accountability for Negligence in making Authentic Deeds that occurred in Banjarmasin, a Notary is considered to have been negligent in carrying out his duties because he violated the provisions of Article 16 Paragraph (1) letter m. In the decision, the Panel of Judges stated that the Notary is obliged to withdraw/cross/delete the Deed that has resulted in a loss in the agreement. Conclusions on negligence caused by a Notary in carrying out his duties resulted in an Authentic Deed which has a strong evidentiary value turned into an underhand deed. Of course this reduces the privilege of the Authentic Deed, so the regulation regarding sanctions for violations in making the Authentic Deed must be strengthened, so that the Notary upholds the nature of prudence and vigilance in carrying out his duties. As well as a lack of understanding of the procedure for reporting losses to Notaries, socialized more clearly.
PENERAPAN HAKIM TUNGGAL DI LINGKUNGAN MAHKAMAH SYAR’IYAH LANGSA
Authors: Aminah Aminah , Najua Syahputra
Published: July 2022

Mahkamah Syar’iyah Langsa sebagai lembaga penegak hukum yang terkait pembuatan keputusan secara profesional dan melaksanakan kekuasaan kehakiman berdasarkan undang-undang yang berlaku. Dalam pasal 11 ayat (1) Undang-undang Nomor 48 Tahun 2009 tentang Kekuasaan Kehakiman, menjelaskan susunan hakim majelis, hal ini dimaksudkan untuk menjamin pemeriksaan yang objektif, guna memberikan perlindungan hukum terhadap hak asasi manusia dalam bidang peradilan. Namun dalam praktiknya, Mahkamah Syar’iyah Langsa menerapkan persidangan dengan menggunakan Hakim Tunggal.bahwa dalam proses penyelesaian perkara Perdata Islam maupun Pidana Islam (Jinayah) di Mahkamah Syar’iyah Langsa sejauh ini menerapkan persidangan dengan hakim tunggal dikarenakan kurangnya hakim, yang mana hal tersebut tidak memiliki dasar hukum jelas yang mengatur mengenai penerapan hakim tunggal melainkan hanya berdasarkan surat izin Nomor: 185/KMA/HK.05/6/2019 Perihal Dispensasi / Izin Sidang dengan Hakim Tunggal di Lingkungan Peradilan Mahkamah Syar’iyah Langsa, diketahui bahwa persidangan dengan hakim tunggal berdampak pada ketidak-objektifan seorang hakim dalam memberikan sebuah putusanyang hanya tertuntun pada satu orang hakim saja.
Adaptasi Social Media Marketing sebagai Strategi Mempertahankan Eksistensi di Tengah Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Darmayanti Luh Putu Eka , Abiyasa Agus Putu
Published: July 2022

This decriptive research uses a qualitative approach that aims to describe the concept of adapting social media marketing as a strategy to maintain existence in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic, at Umah Sablon Buleleng (USB) Bali as an object. There are seven informants, namely business owners, social media marketing operators, and five consumers of USB Bali. Primary and secondary data as data sources were collected using observation, interview, and documentation techniques. Verification of the validity of the analysis results using data credibility test with source triangulation and technical triangulation. This study obtained three main findings. First, there was a change in consumer behavior experienced by USB Bali consumers before and after the COVID-19 Pandemic, and the New Normal period. Second, the form of digital marketing transformation experienced by USB Bali in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic. Third, USB Bali has a strategy to maintain its existence in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic.
Analisis Pengaruh Angkatan Kerja, Angka Melek Huruf, Angka Putus Sekolah Dalam Disparitas Anggaran Pendidikan
Authors: Saputri Novi Ani Ajeng , Ismanto Bambang , Santoso Tri Nugroho Budi
Published: July 2022

The study aims to determine the effect of the labor force on the education budget, between the literacy rate on the education budget, and between the dropouts rate on the education budget. This research is a quantitative study with multiple linear regression analysis using the Eviews 11 application. The secondary data used is sourced from the Central Statistics Agency, the Ministry of Education and Culture Data Statistics, and the 2015-2019 Regional Education Balance. Partially, the results state that the labor force has a positive and significant effect on the education budget, the literacy rate has a positive and significant effect on the education budget, and the dropouts rate has a negative but not significant effect on the education budget. Furthermore, there is a significant simultaneous effect between the labor force, literacy rate, dropouts rate on education budget disparities.
Financial Fraud Scandal: Motivasi, Konsekuensi dan Upaya Memerangi Fraud
Authors: Suryandari Ni Nyoman Ayu , Gayatri Gayatri
Published: July 2022

The article aims to determine the motivation, consequences and efforts to reduce fraud. The socio-economic impact of the scandal determines whether regulation becomes fundamentally tighter. This study uses a systematic literature review approach with a population of 235 articles published in reputable international journals. Based on the predetermined criteria, sixteen articles were obtained as research samples. As many as 62.5 percent of the articles discussed reviewed the Enron case because it was considered a case that shocked the world, involving companies and public accounting firms that were considered independent parties. The urge to commit fraud can be seen from the internal and external aspects of the company. The consequences of fraud that occur can drag the company and auditors as independent parties. The need for efforts to minimize the occurrence of fraud includes improvements to the company, improvements to the criminal and legislative processes and improvements to individual morality.
Analisis Determinan Kemiskinan Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur
Authors: Nalle Frederic Winston , Seran Sirilius , Bria Fransiskus
Published: July 2022

Various policy packages from the local government are currently being activated to reduce the spike in poverty rates in the Province of East Nusa Tenggara. This is because this province is still classified as the poorest province in Indonesia. Realizing this, the aim of this research is to find out the dominant factors that influence the high number of poor people in NTT Province. In an effort to answer research problems, the analytical tool used is panel data analysis where the number of analysis units or cross section data is all districts/cities in NTT Province as many as 22 districts while for time series data starting from 2018-2021. The results of data analysis show that either partially or simultaneously, each independent variable, namely economic growth, the human development index and also the number of residents has proven to have a significant influence on the number of poor people in NTT Province.
Women in the Boardroom: The Case of Quota vs. Quality
Authors: Mohamad Yusof Nurul Afidah , Zakaria Zuriawati , Chia Mei Si , Anuar Muhammad Ashraf
Published: July 2022

In its initiative to promote gender equality, the government of Malaysia had imposed a 30% quota in 2011 for women to be part of the decision-makers in the corporate sector. This paper examines the evolution of women's directorship on corporate boards in Malaysia, as well as their respective profiles from the perspective of academic qualification, independence, commitment, industry experience, financial background, and multiple directorships during the pre-and post-quota period. The findings indicate an increase in the women's representation on corporate boards from 2010 to 2018. A closer look into the women directors’ profiles indicates that there was a positive shift from the pre- to post-quota from the perspective of academics, independence, commitment, industry experience, financial background, and multiple directorships. In other words, the appointment of women directors in Malaysia has generally been made based on quality, not just to make up the numbers in the quota.
Hurdles NGO Face When Fostering Education Among Indigenous Communities in Chittagong Hill Tracts
Authors: Chowdhury Mohua Roy , Abdul Rahman Abdul Razak , Sufian Burhan Nik Ahmad
Published: July 2022

Education enables indigenous children to exercise and enjoy economic, social and cultural rights. However, they are often marginalized and discriminated against when it comes to accessing education as compared to the non-indigenous children. This is well reflected among the indigenous community children in Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) situated in Bangladesh. After the signing of the peace accord, several development programmes had been employed by NGOs to foster education among the indigenous children. However, despite their immense efforts, there still tends to be an inadequacy in the progress of these indigenous children’s education attainment. NGOs face several challenges when reaching out to the indigenous communities. Hence, to study the challenges that NGOs face, a qualitative approach was used to understand and investigate the broader picture. Purposive sampling was used to determine the informants and gain insights from the perspective of six chosen NGO officers followed by a thorough in-depth interview to further fulfil the objective of this research. Qualitative thematic analysis was the main approach to data analysis. The findings revealed that geographical barriers, the violent conflicts and the psychology of the indigenous community itself pose a challenge that affects the indigenous students’ attainment in education. The language barrier is also some of the other challenges NGOs face. Based on these findings, a few recommendations were developed followed by suggestions on other potential research topics that may open up a platform for better focus on the educational development aspect of indigenous children in CHT.
Restrictive use of interpretation of language actions in legal construction
Authors: Romadhon Ahmad Heru , Lapasere Fachria , Wardantik Yuli Endah
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study is to understand the essence of language action in legal construction as a means of communication that should rely on language grammar in interpreting the meaning of sentences. Such a method is an attempt to avoid the different interpretations of the multiple interpretations of the meaning of language. The simplification of legal language must be linked to the content of the rules, where there are two arguments regarding "intentions and extensions", before carrying out legal interpretation, then interpretation is generally understood as a process, action, series of interpreting and explaining the meaning of something that is less clear or opinion, view of the context in which it is interpreted. This study uses a normative juridical method that explains the interpretation of manuscripts, legal principles and principles, legal rules, theories and legal doctrines that apply as a tool to understand the meaning of legal language communication and to understand the substance of a statutory regulation. The research approach uses a conceptual approach to examine and examine the subject matter. The consequences of blurred inter-connections result in a disparity in the factual application of the law which is correlated with a “policy during decision-making” in a formulaic policy which is a “policy” context. Based on these aspects, especially in language action, it is essentially an "effort in realizing clarity of meaning in laws and regulations so that they are in accordance with current and future implementation and conditions.