bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Are circulating endothelial cells the next target for transcriptome-level pathway analysis in ARDS?
Authors: Costa Monteiro Ana C. , Matthay Michael A.
Published: February 2023

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has had no mortality-improving pharmacological intervention despite 50 years of high-caliber research due to its heterogeneity (Huppert LA, Matthay MA, Ware LB. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 40: 31–39, 2019). For the field to advance, better definitions for ARDS subgroups that more uniformly respond to therapies are needed (Bos LDJ, Scicluna BP, Ong DSY, Cremer O, van der Poll T, Schultz MJ. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 200: 42–50, 2019; Dickson RP, Schultz MJ, T van der P, Schouten LR, Falkowski NR, Luth JE, Sjoding MW, Brown CA, Chanderraj R, Huffnagle GB, Bos LDJ, Biomarker Analysis in Septic ICU Patients (BASIC) Consortium. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 201: 555–563, 2020; Sinha P, Calfee CS. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 200: 4–6, 2019; Calfee CS, Delucchi K, Parsons PE, Thompson BT, Ware LB, Matthay MA, NHLBI ARDS Network. Lancet Respir Med 2: 611–620, 2014; Hendrickson CM, Matthay MA. Pulm Circ 8: 1–12, 2018). A plethora of high-quality clinical research has uncovered the next generation of soluble biomarkers that provide the predictive enrichment necessary for trial recruitment; however, plasma-soluble markers do not specify the damaged organ of origin nor do they provide insight into disease mechanisms. In this perspective, we make the case for querying the transcriptome of circulating endothelial cells (CECs), which when shed from vessels after inflammatory insult, become heralds of site-specific inflammatory damage. We review the application of CEC quantification to multiple disease phenotypes (including myocardial infarction, vasculitides, cancer, and ARDS), in each case supporting the association of CEC number with disease severity. We also argue for the utility of single-cell RNA transcriptomics to the understanding of cell-specific contributions to disease pathophysiology and its potential to uncover novel insight on signals contributing to CEC shedding in ARDS.
Publishing particulars: Part 2. Tips for effective manuscript development
Authors: Seals Douglas R.
Published: February 2023

In Part 2 of this Perspective on Publishing Particulars, I share several recommendations with early-career stage investigators for how to successfully develop a competitive manuscript for publication. In the initial section, I first discuss how to organize content most effectively for an original research article by creating a “storyboard” of the key results, including the sequence in which they will be presented. I then emphasize the importance of rigorously outlining all the information to be presented in the manuscript before attempting to write the text. In the second section, I comprehensively discuss tactical approaches for developing the specific component parts of an original research paper, including the Abstract, Introduction, Methods, Results and illustrations, and Discussion, as well as strategies for referencing the text. In the final section, I provide suggestions for how to best develop a compelling review article. The topics discussed include how to view the opportunity; selecting authors and defining their respective roles; identifying the foundational components of the text; conducting a comprehensive review of the target published literature; and organizing, writing, and illustrating the article.
Rice Water-Fried Atractylodis Rhizoma Relieves Spleen Deficiency Diarrhea by Regulating the Intestinal Microbiome
Authors: Xiao Chunping , Wang Meiyi , Yang Xueqing , Sun Jin , Weng Lili , Qiu Zhidong
Published: February 2023

Background. Spleen deficiency diarrhea (SDD) is a common Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) gastrointestinal condition, the causes of which include dysfunction of the intestinal barrier and microbiota. Rice water-fried Atractylodis Rhizoma (RAR) is a commonly used drug to treat this condition, but its mechanism remains unclear. This study explored the related mechanisms of ethanolic extract of rice water-fried Atractylodis Rhizoma (EAR) in the treatment of SDD by examining changes in the intestinal microbiota. Method. Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups including the control, model, EAR low, and high-dose groups, 6 rats in each group. All rats, except the control group, were induced to develop SDD by a bitter-cold purgation method with rhubarb. The therapeutic effect of EAR on SDD was evaluated by pathological sections, inflammatory indicators (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-10), gastrointestinal-related indicators (GAS, DAO, D-lactate, VIP, and SIgA), and intestinal flora (bacteria and fungi) analysis. Results. The results showed that the developed SDD rat model (model group) showed weight loss, decreased food intake, and increased fecal moisture content. Compared with those of the control group, the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, DAO, D-lactate, and VIP in the model group were significantly increased, but the levels of IL-10, GAS and SIgA were significantly decreased (

p
<
0.05

). However, the indicators were significantly improved after EAR treatment, indicating that EAR maintained the balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and reduced gastric emptying, thereby protecting intestinal barrier function, alleviating intestinal mucosal injury, and relieving SDD by regulating the release of neurotransmitters. EAR was also shown to prevent infection by promoting the accumulation of noninflammatory immunoglobulin SIgA and improving intestinal mucosal immunity to inhibit the adhesion of bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens. Intestinal microbiome analysis showed that the intestinal bacteria and fungi of SDD model rats changed greatly compared with the control group, resulting in intestinal microecological imbalance. The reversal in the composition of the flora after EAR treatment was mainly characterized by a large enrichment of beneficial bacteria represented by Lactobacillus and a decrease in the abundance of potentially pathogenic fungi represented by Aspergillus. Thus, it was speculated that EAR primarily functions to alleviate SDD by increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria and reducing the abundance of potentially pathogenic fungi. Conclusion. The strong therapeutic effect of EAR on SDD suggests that it is a promising treatment for this condition.
Risk of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Community-Acquired Pneumonia Patients: Use of an Artificial Neural Network Model
Authors: Mo Jipeng , Ling Shihui , Yang Mingxia , Qin Hui
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to explore the independent risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) complicated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and to predict and evaluate the risk of ARDS in CAP patients based on artificial neural network models (ANNs). We retrospectively analyzed eligible 989 CAP patients (632 men and 357 women) who met the criteria from the comprehensive intensive care unit (ICU) and the respiratory and critical care medicine department of Changzhou Second People’s Hospital, Jiangsu Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanjing Military Region General Hospital, and Wuxi Fifth People’s Hospital between February 2018 and February 2021. The best predictors to model the ANNs were selected from 51 variables measured within 24 h after admission. By using this model, patients were divided into a training group (n = 701) and a testing group (n = 288 patients). Results showed that in 989 CAP patients, 22 important variables were identified as risk factors. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the ANNs model training group were 88.9%, 90.1%, and 89.7%, respectively. When ANNs were used in the test group, their sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 85.0%, 87.3%, and 86.5%, respectively; when ANNs were used to predict ARDS, the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.943 (95% confidence interval (0.918–0.968)). The nine most important independent variables affecting the ANNs models were lactate dehydrogenase (100%), activated partial thromboplastin time (84.6%), procalcitonin (83.8%), age (77.9%), maximum respiratory rate (76.0%), neutrophil (75.9%), source of admission (68.9%), concentration of total serum kalium (61.3%), and concentration of total serum bilirubin (50.4%) (all important >50%). The ANNs model and the logistic regression models were significantly different in predicting and evaluating ARDS in CAP patients. Thus, the ANNs model has a good predictive value in predicting and evaluating ARDS in CAP patients, and its performance is better than that of the logistic regression model in predicting the incidence of ARDS patients.
Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index and Plasma Levels of Soluble Klotho: Insights from NHANES
Authors: He Huiqin , Chen Xin , Miao Da , Zhang Hongxia , Wang Yu , He Xingkang , Chen Xiaoli , Dai Ning
Published: February 2023

Objectives. The association between dietary antioxidants and soluble Klotho (S-Klotho) levels remains unknown. We investigated to explore whether the composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) was associated with serum levels of S-Klotho in the middle-aged population. Methods. Eligible participants were identified from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) from 2007 until 2016. The CDAI was calculated from the intake of six dietary antioxidants. The serum levels of S-Klotho were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Generalized linear and nonlinear models were established to analyze the relationship between CDAI and S-Klotho levels. Results. Based on the S-Klotho quartiles, S-Klotho levels were higher in young women, Blacks, higher education, never smokers, lower waistlines, no medication use, and those with higher CDAI. Univariate analysis revealed that age, gender, race, smoking status, body mass index, waistline, and medication use were associated with serum levels of S-Klotho. When potential confounders were controlled, CDAI was significantly associated with S-Klotho levels. Subgroup analysis also revealed that this association remained significant in individuals who had the highest quartiles of CDAI, aged population (>60 years), male, and never smoker. A nonlinear relationship was observed between the CDAI and S-Klotho plasma concentrations. Conclusion. CDAI was positively correlated with plasma levels of S-Klotho after controlling for covariates. Further studies are needed to validate the current findings and explore the fundamental mechanisms.
Phosphatidylcholine in Krill Meal and Krill Oil as a Source of Choline for Prevention of Intestinal Steatosis in Atlantic Salmon
Authors: Kaur Kiranpreet , Krogdahl Åshild , Kortner Trond M.
Published: February 2023

Intestinal steatosis, called lipid malabsorption syndrome (LMS) in severe cases, is a common condition in farmed Atlantic salmon, associated with choline deficiency causing low lipid transport in enterocytes, excessive lipid accumulation, and increased mucosal weight. A previous dose-response study supplying a plant-based diet with choline chloride indicated that 3.4 g/kg choline prevents LMS in Atlantic salmon. However, no similar documentation exists using phosphatidylcholine (PC) as a choline source. The present study therefore aimed to determine the ability of PC from krill meal (KM) and krill oil (KO) towards reducing steatosis in Atlantic salmon. Two diets with suboptimal PC levels (1.5 and 2.6 g/kg) were tested against two control diets, a choline-deficient diet with no supplementation (0.6 g/kg), and a high choline (4.0 g/kg choline chloride) diet. After 8 weeks of freshwater feeding, growth was significantly higher in KM and KO groups, at both PC levels, in comparison to the choline-deficient group. However, growth was significantly higher only in the KM and KO diets with 2.6 g/kg of PC when compared to the positive control. This indicated that suboptimal levels of PC from KM and KO satisfied choline needs for growth. A clear dose-dependent effect on the decreasing pyloric intestine (PI) somatic index was observed for KM and KO diets, with no significant difference between KM and KO diets (2.6 g/kg choline) and high choline reference diet. Accordingly, PC from both KM and KO significantly reduced lipid accumulation in the PI and liver when added to a choline-deficient diet. However, histological and lipid analyses also indicated that the optimal dietary choline requirement for full elimination of lipid accumulation in PI is higher than 2.6 g/kg with KM and KO as supplementary sources.
Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Helminths of Dogs and Associated Factors in Hawassa City of Sidama Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Dubie Teshager , Sire Shilmat , Fentahun Gizachew , Bizuayehu Fanuel
Published: February 2023

A cross-sectional study was carried out in the Sidama region’s Hawassa town from March 2021 to July 2021 with the aim of estimating the prevalence and associated factors of dog gastrointestinal helminths. A total of 384 dogs were randomly selected, and their feces were examined using a flotation technique. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and chi-square analyses were employed, and a

P

-value of less than 0.05 was considered as significant. Accordingly, 56% (

n
=
215

; 95% CI, 49.26–62.66) of dogs had gastrointestinal helminth parasite infection, of which 42.2% (

n
=
162

) had a single infection and 13.8% (

n
=
53

) had a mixed infection. In this study, Strongyloides sp. was the most detected helminth (24.2%), followed by Ancylostoma sp. (15.37%), Trichuris vulpis (14.6%), Toxocara canis (5.73%), Echinococcus sp. (5.47%), and Dipylidium caninum (4.43%). Out of the total sampled dogs tested positive for one or more gastrointestinal helminths, 37.5% (

n
=
144

) were males and 18.5% (

n
=
71

) were females. The total prevalence of helminth infections did not change significantly (

P
>
0.05

) by the gender, age, and breed of dogs. The present study’s high prevalence of dog helminthiasis reflects a high occurrence of infection and a concern to the public’s health. In light of this conclusion, it is advised that dog owners improve their standards of hygiene. In addition, they should regularly take their animals to veterinary care and frequently administer the appropriate anthelmintics available to their dogs.
An Optimization Model for Structuring a Car-Sharing Fleet Considering Traffic Congestion Intensity
Authors: Ahani Parisa , Arantes Amilcar , Melo Sandra
Published: February 2023

Ever-growing mobility and traffic congestion within urban areas make the need for a sustainable form of transport inevitable. Traffic congestion has a significant effect on the amount of energy consumption of a vehicle and, as a result, on its associated environmental impacts. Any decision-making regarding structuring a fleet without taking into account the traffic congestion level (TCL) will lead to a less sustainable fleet with higher environmental and economic costs. To address this issue, this study examines the effects of the traffic congestion intensity level on the fleet structure of an urban car-sharing company over a certain planning period. We present a new optimization framework for finding an optimal vehicle composition of the fleet of an urban car-sharing company considering the energy consumption of vehicles at different traffic congestion levels. The results show that electric vehicles (EVs) are more competitive than diesel vehicles (DVs) in high-peak traffic congestion from the outset of the planning period. In addition, we perform a sensitivity analysis to take into account the effects of specific uncertain parameters such as the energy and purchasing costs of EVs on the total cost of ownership. As expected, the purchasing price of EVs, energy prices of DVs, and increase in diesel prices have the highest impact on the total cost.
Effects of Chemical Fertilizer Application upon the Water Quality Parameters of a Rice–Eel (Monopterus albus) Coculture System
Authors: Yuan Quan , Lv Weiwei , Sun Xiaolin , Huang Weiwei , Zhou Wenzong
Published: February 2023

The excessive use of chemical fertilizers causes many problems for which solutions are being sought in a variety of agricultural production systems. From the perspective of paying attention to the health requirements of aquatic animals in terms of water quality, this study investigated the impact of chemical fertilizer application on water quality in a rice (Oryza sativa L.; Cultivar “Qingxiangruangeng,” accession number: 2014004)–eel (Monopterus albus) coculture system in Shanghai, China. Chemical fertilizer was applied four times—as base fertilizer, rejuvenated fertilizer, tiller fertilizer, and ear granule fertilizer—during the production process of a rice–eel coculture system (June to October 2020). Changes in the water quality parameters of rice field’s surface water and ring ditch water in the regular chemical fertilizer group (RF) and no chemical fertilizer group (NF, the control) were compared before and at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h after the chemical fertilizer application. The results for the analyzed physical and chemical indexes of each water area before and after four fertilizations revealed several consistent trends. First, the pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), water temperature (T), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of either water area were similar between the NF and RF groups, whereas their total nitrogen (TN), total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), and total phosphorus (TP) levels differed significantly. After adding the above fertilizer containing nitrogen and phosphorus, 24 h later, the TN, TAN, and TP content had already increased significantly in comparison with the control. The maximum average content of TAN and nitrite nitrogen (NO2−-N) in the ring ditch water reached 12.30 mg/L and 0.37 mg/L, respectively, at 24 h after the chemical fertilizer application. Nonlinear regression analysis results showed that there was a significant positive relationship TN (δTN) and TAN (δTAN) vis-à-vis the nitrogen content of the fertilizer. The results of this study provide a timely empirical reference and data support for improving fertilizer management in rice–eel coculture systems.
Research on the Social Security and Elderly Care System under the Background of Big Data
Authors: Li Jinyan
Published: February 2023

In order to solve some of the problems of old-age care in the current society, combined with data mining technology, in-depth research on the current social security field of the elderly has been carried out. At present, the process of urbanization is accelerating. With the rapid increase of the urban population, the aging problem is becoming more and more serious. The pension model has attracted attention from all parties. Elderly care is facing serious aging problems and low quality and efficiency of elderly care services. One of the problems encountered in the development of elderly care is how to alleviate the problems caused by the aging of the population and improve the quality and level of elderly care services. The application of the smart pension model provides new ideas for solving this problem.
Humanized Patient-derived Xenograft Models of Disseminated Ovarian Cancer Recapitulate Key Aspects of the Tumor Immune Environment within the Peritoneal Cavity
Authors: Steinkamp Mara P. , Lagutina Irina , Brayer Kathryn J. , Schultz Fred , Burke Danielle , Pankratz Vernon S. , Adams Sarah F. , Hudson Laurie G. , Ness Scott A. , Wandinger-Ness Angela
Published: February 2023

The importance of the immune microenvironment in ovarian cancer progression, metastasis, and response to therapies has become increasingly clear, especially with the new emphasis on immunotherapies. To leverage the power of patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models within a humanized immune microenvironment, three ovarian cancer PDXs were grown in humanized NBSGW (huNBSGW) mice engrafted with human CD34+ cord blood–derived hematopoietic stem cells. Analysis of cytokine levels in the ascites fluid and identification of infiltrating immune cells in the tumors demonstrated that these humanized PDX (huPDX) established an immune tumor microenvironment similar to what has been reported for patients with ovarian cancer. The lack of human myeloid cell differentiation has been a major setback for humanized mouse models, but our analysis shows that PDX engraftment increases the human myeloid population in the peripheral blood. Analysis of cytokines within the ascites fluid of huPDX revealed high levels of human M-CSF, a key myeloid differentiation factor as well as other elevated cytokines that have previously been identified in ovarian cancer patient ascites fluid including those involved in immune cell differentiation and recruitment. Human tumor-associated macrophages and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were detected within the tumors of humanized mice, demonstrating immune cell recruitment to tumors. Comparison of the three huPDX revealed certain differences in cytokine signatures and in the extent of immune cell recruitment. Our studies show that huNBSGW PDX models reconstitute important aspects of the ovarian cancer immune tumor microenvironment, which may recommend these models for preclinical therapeutic trials.

Significance:

huPDX models are ideal preclinical models for testing novel therapies. They reflect the genetic heterogeneity of the patient population, enhance human myeloid differentiation, and recruit immune cells to the tumor microenvironment.
internacionalização da seleção brasileira (1930-2022)
Authors: Sampaio Mateus de Almeida Prado
Published: February 2023

O artigo analisa, de modo retrospectivo, o processo de ampliação e diversificação no número de times profissionais de futebol que enviaram atletas para compor a seleção brasileira em cada uma das Copas do Mundo ocorridas. O período pesquisado inicia-se em 1930 e finda em 2022. O objetivo inicial é traçar um panorama cartográfico dos dados levantados, relacionados aos atletas convocados em cada edição da disputa, para que este material subsidie a análise geográfica do fenômeno abordado, qual seja, a série de “modernizações” e “internacionalizações” pelas quais o futebol passou (sobretudo o futebol brasileiro). A composição dos elencos analisados permitiu caracterizar o processo de ampliação geográfica do raio de alcance da lista de jogadores convocados para representar o Brasil nas Copas do Mundo, permitindo formular novas hipóteses e tecer considerações sobre o processo histórico de desenvolvimento desse esporte. Como resultado, foram identificados cinco subperíodos sucessivos, representados no texto pelos seguintes subitens: 3.1 – Definição das regras do jogo (1863-1904); 3.2 – Amadurecimento do futebol no Brasil (1894-1950); 3.3 - Futebol brasileiro torna-se hegemônico (1954-1978); 3.4 – Mundialização da FIFA e do futebol brasileiro (1982-1998); 3.5 – Rumo à internacionalização absoluta da seleção brasileira? (2002-2022). Aborda-se, em plano complementar, como as tecnologias de transmissão, interconectividade e globalização impactam esse processo como um todo.
Museu de ciências da vida da ufes: trajetória no âmbito da inclusão e acessibilidade de pessoas com deficiência
Authors: Penha Marina Cadete da , Bittencourt Ana Paula Santana de Vasconcellos , Monteiro Yuri Favalessa , Pesente Tathiane Oliveira , Jesus Thamires Belo de , Santos Jeyce Willig Quintino dos , Bittencourt Athelson Stefanon
Published: February 2023

O Museu de Ciências da Vida, primeiro museu de plastinação do Brasil, é um espaço de difusão e popularização científica de temas ligados ao corpo humano, origem e evolução do homem, e as ciências da vida. Desde sua idealização preza pela aces-sibilidade e inclusão de pessoas com deficiência ao acervo e ao espaço museal. Um grande passo a favor da inclusão foi o desenvolvimento da técnica de plastinação, que possibilita a transformação do acervo, de peças fixadas em formaldeído, para espécimes plastinados, manipuláveis e que não oferecem quaisquer riscos à saúde. Pretende-se aqui descrever a trajetória do museu no âmbito da inclusão e acessibili-dade de pessoas com deficiência. Para tanto, realizou-se levantamento de informa-ções de documentos do museu sobre o histórico de suas ações inclusivas, bem co-mo uma entrevista com o coordenador e curador do museu, dr. Athelson Stefanon Bittencourt, o qual relatou a iniciativa pessoal e da equipe em promover a acessibi-lidade e a transformação do acervo para atender as especificidades da deficiência, trazendo contribuições aos museus no âmbito da acessibilidade ao público. As mu-danças ocorridas no espaço museal, visando a acessibilidade em seu acervo e bus-cando a inclusão, foram iniciativas para atender os anseios da comunidade interna e externa à Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES). A maior parte do conte-údo do Museu é passível de manipulação e estudo por pessoas com deficiência vi-sual, sendo a técnica de plastinação importante para que a instituição seja acessível.
Em direção aos arrabaldes: a (trans)formação de um antigo caminho de expansão urbana em Fortaleza
Authors: Almeida Isabelle de Lima , Vasconcelos Ana Cecília Serpa Braga
Published: February 2023

Este trabalho investiga o processo de formação e transformação do antigo bairro do Calçamento de Messejana, localizado em Fortaleza, no Ceará. A área originou-se a partir de um eixo histórico de expansão urbana do núcleo fundacional da cidade em direção aos seus arrabaldes. Atualmente conhecida como Joaquim Távora, essa porção da cidade caracteriza-se pela permanência de edifícios históricos remanescentes do antigo casario eclético, oriundos da ocupação linear ao longo do caminho de saída da cidade. Hoje, os exemplares arquitetônicos de interesse cultural mostram-se como uma resistência local diante da pressão exercida pelo mercado imobiliário na produção de novas torres de apartamentos, fator que tem estimulado a demolição e o abandono de imóveis antigos. Nesse sentido, esta pesquisa busca resgatar as características arquitetônicas, urbanísticas, sociais e culturais que historicamente moldaram o espaço urbano local. A partir disso, propõe-se uma reflexão acerca do atual quadro da política urbana de conservação do patrimônio cultural, edificado em meio ao desaparecimento de uma quantidade expressiva de exemplares arquitetônicos que compõem a paisagem urbana fortalezense. Como resultado desse processo, cria-se um cenário em que tradições urbanas não ocupam um lugar de importância política e social.
Editorial
Authors: Nascimento Flávia Brito do
Published: February 2023

Assumindo a tarefa de editora da Revista CPC, a partir de minha gestão à frente do Centro de Preservação Cultural da Unisversidade de São Paulo, tenho a satisfação de apresentar a edição do segundo semestre de 2022, ainda sob o impacto de grandes transformações e destruições do patrimônio cultural no Brasil nos últimos anos, reiterando os compromissos com a promoção do debate crítico por meio da reflexão acadêmica que os periódicos podem realizar.
Análise tonal e estatístico-descritiva dos procedimentos de criação de Tavinho Moura
Authors: Paulilo Marcio Giachetta , Mello Filho Silvio Ferraz
Published: February 2023

Este artigo apresenta resultados de uma iniciação científica concluída em abril de 2022, situada na intersecção entre análise musical tonal, análise estatístico-descritiva, procedimentos composicionais e modelagem computacional. A partir de uma amostra de canções de Tavinho Moura, compositor do Clube da Esquina, buscamos identificar características musicais recorrentes que pudessem definir seu estilo de criação, no âmbito de melodia, harmonia e ritmo, definindo arquétipos composicionais que estabelecessem um sistema composicional do compositor. Foi elaborada uma modelagem computacional, criando um programa emulador de composições no estilo de Moura, utilizando a plataforma MAX/MSP. Empregamos revisão bibliográfica, análise musical e modelagem estatístico-descritiva com suporte computacional. Aqui, nosso foco se concentra nas conclusões sobre o sistema composicional taviniano.
Intertextualidade na forma musical em três obras de Tatiana Catanzaro
Authors: Santos Jorge Luiz de Lima
Published: February 2023

O artigo pretende discutir o modo como a compositora brasileira Tatiana Catanzaro pensa a questão da forma por meio da análise de três de suas obras. O interesse do trabalho é entender como o problema da forma se apresenta no processo criativo da compositora. Para esse objetivo, foi realizada entrevista com Catanzaro, aliado a pesquisa bibliográfica e análise de suas obras. Conceitos como intertextualidade e transdução aparecem como possibilidades interpretativas que permitem tanto esboçar uma ideia da microforma, elemento mais fundamental para Catanzaro, quanto da macroforma. Nas três obras aqui analisadas - A Dream within a Dream,  Ijahereni, Andma shajarat al-Hayah tanmow fi al-Sahra Yahi – é comum o uso da intertextualidade como ponto de partida para criação das peças. É possível afirmar que a forma no processo criativo de Catanzaro se realiza como forma em processo, resultante da exploração do material sonoro inicial.
A test of associative olfactory learning in the ant Formica clara (Hymenoptera: Formicidae); the power of a MaLER-based conditioning protocol
Authors: Duymaz Kubilay , Aksoy Volkan
Published: February 2023

In the present study, we tested associative olfactory learning performance of the ant Formica clara in laboratory conditions based on their MaLER responses. Ants were harnessed with the help of a paper-made holder and conditioned in two groups by forward pairing either limonene or eugenol (conditioned stimuli – CS) with a reward (unconditioned stimulus – US). After conditioning, memory tests were performed for each CS 15, 60 and 90 minutes following the conditioning in the absence of US. A further test was performed for each group with the CS of the other group to see if the ants showed an odor generalization. The frequencies of MaLER-positive responses during tests were used as indication of learning performance. Ants learned the association between the CS and US during conditioning for both odors and showed initially significant and gradually decreasing MaLER-positive responses during tests. The results showed that conditioning to the odors was absolute and no generalization was observed. We conclude that associative learning is a universal strategy for ants to adjust their behaviors to environmental changes around them and the MaLER technique is a powerful and easy to apply technique to test learning and memory capacities in ants.
Apostasia fujianica (Apostasioideae, Orchidaceae), a new Chinese species: evidence from morphological, genome size and molecular analyses
Authors: LI YUANYUAN , MA LIANG , LIU DING-KUN , ZHAO XUE-WEI , ZHANG DIYANG , KE SHIJIE , CHEN GUI-ZHEN , ZHENG QINYAO , LIU ZHONG-JIAN , LAN SIREN
Published: February 2023

After examining morphological, molecular and genome-size evidence, we here describe a new orchid species, Apostasia fujianica, from Fujian, China. Morphological comparisons indicated that A. fujianica is similar to A. shenzhenica and A. nipponica, whereas the former displayed distinct differences in habit, roots, leaves, inflorescences and fruit shape and size. Apostasia fujianica (341 Mb) has a smaller genome size than A. shenzhenica (471 Mb), A. ramifera (366 Mb) and A. fogangica (931 Mb). Molecular analyses from combined nuclear (ITS, Xdh, naD1) and plastid (matK, rbcL, psbA-trnH, trnL-trnF and trnS-trnG) datasets indicated that A. fujianica is sister to A. shenzhenica. These results support the status of A. fujianica as a new species, distinguished in many aspects from A. shenzhenica, A. ramifera and A. nipponica.
The woodwasp genus Tremex (Hymenoptera, Siricidae) of Japan
Authors: SHINOHARA AKIHIKO
Published: February 2023

The woodwasp genus Tremex Jurine, 1807, is revised for Japan and eight species are recognized, T. apicalis Matsumura, 1912, T. bicinctus Shinohara, n. sp., T. contractus Maa, 1949, T. fuscicornis (Fabricius, 1787), T. katayamai Shinohara & Kurihara, n. sp., T. longicollis Konow, 1896, T. nakanei Takeuchi, 1955, and T. okinawensis Togashi, 1997. Tremex bicinctus is described from Honshu and Kyushu and T. katayamai is described from Honshu, both based only on females. Tremex kaedei Togashi, 1997, is a new synonym of T. nakanei Takeuchi, 1955, and T. kurokivorus Togashi, 2006, is a new synonym of T. okinawensis Togashi, 1997. Tremex sudajii Togashi, 2006, is transferred to the genus Eriotremex Benson, 1943. Tremex okinawensis is newly recorded from Amami-ôshima Island and the male of this species is diagnosed for the first time. Pterocarya rhoifolia (Juglandaceae) is newly recorded as a host plant of T. nakanei. Keys are given for the females of eight Japanese species and for the males of six Japanese species. The stability and taxonomic use of some characters, mostly employed in previous works, are examined and discussed. Collection records are given for 443 specimens of eight species examined.
Two new species of Pachyrhynchini from Eastern Luzon, Philippines (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae)
Authors: BOLLINO MAURIZIO
Published: February 2023

Metapocyrtus jaysoni Bollino, new species and Apocyrtus tagalog Bollino, new species are described from General Nakar, Quezon, Luzon, Philippines. The male genitalia of each new species including the endophallus is illustrated, as well as that of Apocyrtus auroraensis Rukmane-Bârbale, 2021, and Apocyrtus inflatus Erichson, 1834. In addition, Apocyrtus marinduquensis Rukmane-Bârbale, 2022 is considered a new junior subjective synonym of Apocyrtus auroraensis, of which the type locality is noted as in error.
Do Peers Protect People or Put Them at Risk of Recidivism? Friendship Quality and Peer Crime Among Justice-Involved Youth
Authors: Confer Leanne M. , Mowen Thomas J. , Boman John H.
Published: February 2023

Despite theoretical acknowledgments that peers can be either “good” or “bad” for criminal offending and recidivism, criminological research most often models peers as a criminogenic influence on offending behaviors. To explore the impact of peer relationships and to expand on theoretical conceptualization of peer relationship quality, the current study uses Pathways to Desistance data to examine the effects of peer quality and peer delinquency in recidivism over time among a sample of 1,272 individuals adjudicated during adolescence. Findings from a series of mixed-effects models demonstrate that peer quality is significantly predictive of increased aggressive offending. However, quality mitigates the relationship between peer delinquency and income offending, highlighting a need for further research considering potential protective aspects of peer relationships.
An anti-interference method and system for detecting shallow-ground metal based on hyper-sphere model
Authors: Liang Shi , Long Zhiqiang , Wang Ping , Zeng Jiewei
Published: February 2023

Based on the research background of shallow-ground metal detection under the environment with the interference of steeling structure,a metal detection method based on the transient electromagnetic method is studied. The test platform is built and verified by experiments. Firstly, the loos model of the coil system is established, and the transfer function with the excitation voltage source as the input signal and the induced voltage of the metal conductor as the output signal is derived. The system design of metal detection based on pulse electromagnetic induction is carried out, and a simple and feasible experimental platform is built according to the demand. Aiming at the signal processing problem of metal detection in a complex environment such as steel structure, a detection algorithm based on a hypersphere model and confidence interval is applied. Finally, the experimental verification is carried out. The results show that the designed system is feasible for metal detection, and the applied signal processing algorithm is effective although interfering by steeling structure inthe environment.
Burnout, mental health, physical symptoms, and coping behaviors in healthcare workers in Belize amidst COVID-19 pandemic: A nationwide cross-sectional study
Authors: Estephan Lila , Pu Christy , Bermudez Selma , Waits Alexander
Published: February 2023

Background:

Healthcare workers are vulnerable to burnout, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic in the low resource settings. Belize is a small Central American developing country known for its chronic healthcare worker shortage and this is the first study to assess burnout prevalence and its associated factors among healthcare workers in Belize.

Aim:

To evaluate the prevalence of burnout and its associated factors in HCWs in Belize covering multiple domains (mental health, physical symptoms, and coping behaviors) during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:

A cross-sectional survey that was developed and validated by a panel of experts was delivered online to all the healthcare workers in Belize from September to November 2021. Burnout was assessed using Copenhagen Burnout Inventory. Depression and anxiety screening was carried out using the Patient Health Questionnaire – 2 (PHQ-2) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder 2-item (GAD-2). Burnout associated factors were estimated using logistic regression models.

Findings:

Of the total of 263 participants, 27.76% had overall burnout: 56.65% had personal, 54.37% had work-related, and 19.39% had patient-related burnout. Burnout was positively associated with anxiety (OR: 3.14 [1.67, 5.92]), depression (OR: 4.45 [2.30, 8.61]), intentions of quitting their jobs (OR: 2.59 [1.49, 4.51]), health status worsening (OR: 2.21 [1.26, 3.87]), multiple physical symptom presentation (OR: 1.19, [1.10, 1.29]), and use of multiple maladaptive coping behaviors (OR: 1.66, [1.30, 2.12]).

Interpretation:

Healthcare workers in Belize showed substantial levels of burnout which were significantly associated with using maladaptive coping behaviors, presenting multiple physical symptoms, quitting their jobs, health status worsening, and other mental health issues. These findings should be used to develop and implement programs such as regular health check-ups, health promotion awareness campaigns, and worker recruitment strategies which would improve the working conditions, quality of life, and psychological well-being of our healthcare workers.
Contributing to Peace
Authors: Bose Gautam
Published: February 2023

Contest theory analyses an anarchic economy where agents use resources for consumption or acquisitive conflict, and explores conditions under which peace or conflict prevail in equilibrium. History suggests that peacekeepers in the shape of kings, dictators or states arise endogenously in such circumstances. I analyse a model where each of the potential contestants first has the option of contributing some resources to a neutral peacekeeper, and then allocates her remaining resources between arms and consumption. If one of the contestants subsequently attacks the other, then the peacekeeper joins its resources with the agent that is attacked. I show that, for less unequal resource distributions, contribution to peacekeeping is positive and leads to peace in equilibrium. These equilibria are pareto-superior to the corresponding equilibria of the pure Tullock contest except in a narrow range. When the distribution is too unequal, no contributions are made and conflict occurs in equilibrium.
The intertwinement of speculative fictions and environmental activism: Towards a sensory sociology of climate fiction
Authors: Alacovska Ana , Holt Macon
Published: February 2023

In this article we tentatively plot the coordinates of a sensory sociology approach for empirically investigating how the popular culture genre of climate fiction operates affectively within environmental activism. We begin by theorising the genre of climate fiction as an affective potentiality capable of stimulating the imagination of hopeful climate futures and energising imaginactivism, that is the activist quest for the attainment of better climate alternatives. In this theorisation we draw on McKenzie Wark’s account of ecological speculative fiction, Elizabeth Grosz’s bioaesthetics and Bernard Stiegler’s ‘neganthropology’. We outline a range of speculative, inventive, utopian, atmospheric, enactive and sensory methodologies for the sociological study of climate fiction as an affective potentiality. By employing these methodologies, we argue, researchers will be better attuned to the affective intensities and atmosphere of anticipation, speculation and collective enactment of dreams of better climate futures that climate fiction is poised to catalyse in social settings of environmental activism.
Persistent Paternalism: The Instantiation of Gendered Attributions in the System Response to Girls
Authors: Anderson Valerie R. , Javdani Shabnam , Singh Sukhmani
Published: February 2023

Prior research suggests that the juvenile legal system does too little to address the sources and underlying reasons for girls’ court referrals. Drawing on attribution theories, the current study examined perspectives that characterize the response of the system to girls’ behaviors. Data from this study were derived from a multimethod, qualitative study on system-involved girls. We find that court actors hold gendered attributions of girls’ delinquency, in turn informing their decision-making about how to treat and sanction girls. Paternalism remains a persistent feature in how the system locates, defines, and responds to girls through varying gendered attributions. The findings lend further support to attribution perspectives that suggest implicit gender-biases influence court actor decision-making, exacerbating the challenges girls face in and out of the juvenile legal system. By extension, this study offers concrete policy and practice implications for systems change and improving its response to girls.
The world in a Geranium pot: Female paranoia and love of detail in Schor, Beauvoir and Arendt
Authors: Rotem Noga
Published: February 2023

Might paranoia bear some promise, not only danger, for democratic theory and politics? To suggest that we should treat paranoia with anything but disdain today, in the age of Q anon and other white-supremacist lies, seems dangerous. But three decades ago, feminist theorist Naomi Schor took the risk and defended female paranoia, arguing that paranoia is an appropriate affect for feminist theory and critique. This essay follows Schor’s invitation to risk proximity to paranoia. I argue that the political importance of Schor’s essay lies in one particular attribute of female paranoia that she celebrates: its love of detail. To explore the promise and limitations of the paranoid love of detail I pair Schor with two 20th-century theorists – Hannah Arendt and Simone de Beauvoir. Each studies a paranoid woman who clings to details: Arendt’s Rahel Varnhagen counts the number of teacups that she serves in her German salon. Beauvoir’s housewife collects tufts of dust. With Schor, Arendt and Beauvoir, the article argues that love of detail is a critical component not only of paranoid indictments of the world, but also of any project that desires to repair the world in the wake of paranoia.
Linear endovenous energy density (LEED) should always be quoted with the power used in endovenous thermal ablation – results from an in-vitro porcine liver model study
Authors: Nielsen Amanda G , Croucher Alexandra A , Muschamp Simon D , Losty Ethan , Worthington Thomas , Kiely Melissa J , Whiteley Mark S
Published: February 2023

Background

Linear Endovenous Energy Density (LEED) is the energy used per cm of vein in endovenous thermal ablation (EVTA) but does not include time. This study examines the effect of time during EVTA.

Method

EVTA was performed in a previously validated porcine liver model. LEEDs of 40, 60, 80 and 100 J/cm, using different powers were repeated 5 times each. Thermal spread, tissue carbonisation and device-tissue sticking during treatment were recorded.

Result

LEED positively correlated to thermal spread and carbonisation of the tissue. Power was correlated with carbonisation but not thermal spread. Pullback had no correlations with thermal spread or carbonisation. Catheter sticking found occurred in powers >= 15 W or LEED >= 80 J/cm.

Conclusion

LEED is a good measure of EVTA but does not include time. Power, which does include time, correlates with carbonisation and with device-tissue sticking. The power used must be quoted with the LEED.
Intermediate-weighted MRI with fat suppression (IW-FS): diagnostic performance for bone marrow edema and erosion detection in axial spondyloarthritis
Authors: Chen Min , Yu Keyan , Hu Xuehan , Jans Lennart , Qi Yulong , Liu Xin , Cheng Guanxun
Published: February 2023

Background

Bone marrow edema (BME) and erosion of the sacroiliac joint are both key lesions for diagnosing axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Purpose

To qualitatively and quantitatively compare intermediate-weighted MRI with fat suppression (IW-FS) with T2-weighted short tau inversion recovery (T2-STIR) in assessment of sacroiliac BME and erosion in axSpA.

Material and Methods

Patients aged 18–60 years with axSpA were prospectively enrolled. All patients underwent a 3.0-T MRI examination of the sacroiliac joints. Para-coronal IW-FS, T2-STIR, and T1-weighted (T1W) images were acquired. BME and erosion were scored by two readers in consensus on IW-FS and STIR using a modified Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada (SPARCC) scoring system. Consensus scores on T1WI were used as the reference for erosion. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were measured for BME.

Results

In total, 49 patients (mean age=33.4 ± 7.6 years) were included. More patients were scored as having BME on T2-STIR (36 vs. 29, P = 0.016). SPARCC-BME score on IW-FS was lower than that acquired on T2-STIR (mean, 11.5 vs. 14.7, P = 0.002). SNR and CNR of BME were both lower on IW-FS than on T2-STIR (mean SNR, 118 vs. 218, P < 0.001; mean CNR, 44 vs. 137, P < 0.001). The sensitivity of erosion detection was higher on IW-FS (83%) than on T2-STIR (54%, P = 0.006).

Conclusion

IW-FS is not sufficient for BME detection using T2-STIR as the reference standard in patients with axSpA. IW-FS has a much higher sensitivity than T2-STIR for erosion detection in the sacroiliac joint.
Civilisational racism, ethnonationalism and the clash of imperialisms in Ukraine
Authors: Fekete Liz
Published: February 2023

This article, developed from a panel speech on ‘Radical internationalism and shifts in the global order’ at the IRR50 New Circuits of Anti-racism Conference at King’s College, London, October 2022, takes issue with simplistic and partial positions surrounding Russia’s war with Ukraine. It points to the fact that we now have to reckon with a clash of imperialisms (of the US and Russia), the weaponising of local nationalisms and a reworking of Eurocentrism born of the Cold War. The author warns that revanchist ethnonationalisms in central and eastern Europe and the Baltic States − based in a distorted rereading of history, especially of the countries’ roles in the Holocaust − are being ignored in the interests of a larger geopolitics with consequences also for the future direction of the EU (see Figure 1). In this, anti-Communism, which has defined so much of the history of the Global South in terms of violent opposition to anti-colonial liberation struggles, is being updated and revitalised.