bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphometric characterisation and classification of the Bobo river watershed in the Nariño department, Colombia
Authors: Benavides Mora Victoria , Tarlé Pissarra Teresa Cristina , Galbiatti João Antonio
Published: August 2022

The object of this work was to make a morphometric characterization of the Bobo river watershed in the Nariño department in Colombia. A map was created from topographical maps (1:25.000 scale) using the drainage network and the limit of each 2nd order microbasin as database. Dimensional, drainage network and relief morphometric parameters were evaluated for a later hydrological study. The drainage area was 224.97 km2, having a 71.31 km perimeter. The Bobo river watershed is considered to be 6th order and has 176 2nd order drainage channels, 34 3rd order drainage channels, 9 4th order drainage channels and 3 5th order drainage channels. Average drainage density is 3.71km/km², reflecting its high density, having strong, dissected geological formation. The area has a typical Andean land-use pattern, having native wooded vegetation, traditional transitory potato and vegetable growing predominating.
A response surface model allowing nitrogen concentration to affect organic waste-derived compost
Authors: Carolla Carmen , Sánchez Rebeca , Montiel Edie
Published: August 2022

Differing human activities which have lead to different nations' economic development (excellent scientific, technological consequences and innovation) and caused changes which have not seemed to be the most suited for preserving the resources necessary for sustaining the lives of human beings living in the present or for those of future generations. The wasteful use of different power resources is leading to their exhaustion and substances and waste are being generated leading to environmental contamination. On the other hand, inadequate sanitary conditions are also being produced which can cause difficulties in the field of public health. The Central University of Venezuela has thus proposed dealing with and satisfactorily resolving solid-waste management by exploiting the organic fraction of the waste produced by the university's dining room for making compost. This requires implementing the composting and ensuring that the quality of the materials produced is reproducible. A useful tool for achieving the latter lies in producing a statistical design for composting, leading to a mathematical equation determining factors (independent variables) influence on response (dependent variable) (i.e. the likely power which initially mixed waste may have on nitrogen quality). This methodology leads to obtaining an equation allowing a response surface to be generated. This information would make it possible to control the quality of the product obtained (compost) according to the conditions laid down. This study was aimed at applying the Box-Behnken experimental design in drawing up a response surface model allowing conditions in producing compost to be considered where nitrogen contribution is reproducible. This statistical tool uses four factors or independent variables at three levels; they were: added waste portions (D), amount of sawdust (C) and added humidity (A), as well as aeration period (B). Response measured as nutrient input indicator was nitrogen (N). This design was based on 29 different trials combining the factors being considered. The surface model led to obtaining a quadratic function, as shown in the following equation:
https://i.postimg.cc/NM8hrpSB/eq1.gif
where Y corresponded to analysed response, X1, X2….X4 corresponded to the four selected factors and ε was random error. The following equation was thus obtained: ln(N-ammoniac) = lny2 = - 2,17 - 0.069 A – 0.24 B – 0.48 C + 0.15 D. The maximum point for the amount of nitrogen on the response surface was located by using the estimated equation. The model so obtained was verified by making more compost according to the maximum conditions indicated by the response surface model, finding that the quantity of nitrogen was that expected according to the model. This led to setting the optimum conditions for preparing compost from university dining room waste; its nitrogen contribution was reproducible.
Analysing variance for determining humidity content and measuring directional effect on ultrasound speed in pinus radiata D. Don wood samples
Authors: Ortíz Mansilla Rodrigo , Baradit A. Erik , Navarrete A. José
Published: August 2022

This study was carried out in order to analyse the ultrasound technique as an alternative form of assessing the structural state of different wooden buildings. This work studies the effect and relative importance of measurement direction and moisture content on ultrasound speed in wood. Radiata pine wood samples were subjected to 1 MHz longitudinal ultrasound pulses. A 22 factorial design was run in a completely random experiment. Measurement direction was the significant factor, as shown by the analysis of variance, explaining 95% of total ultrasound velocity variability. Average tangential and radial propagation speeds were between 0% and 15% moisture content, 1644 m/s and 2130 m/s, respectively. The results of this study showed that wave propagation direction is the most important factor during wood structure ultrasound evaluation. Future studies with combined planes are underway.
Multidisciplinary teams designing products for aiding disabled people
Authors: González Cruz Mª C. , Aguilar Zambrano Jaime , Córdoba Leonor , Chamorro Cristian , Hurtado Norah , Valencia Andrés , Valencia Manuel
Published: August 2022

The results of applying the AHP multicriteria technique are shown to decide which type of product must be designed to favor disabled people's social inclusion. The study was conducted in Cali where the census reported 8,618 cases of impairment involving alteration in body, hand, leg and arm movements. The aid products were classified under UNE-EN-ISO9999-2007 standard. The AHP multi-criteria technique allows stating and finding the solution to decision-making problems with different decision-makers, criteria and alternatives by handling tangible and intangible information in a structured and simple way. Three organisational actors participated in the study: the university (with different disciplines), a small enterprise and a user. It is worth noting the presence of engineering during this design stage since it has traditionally been relegated to the product materialisation stage, having little interaction with the other disciplines. The best alternative favoring social inclusion was the class of products aiding personal mobility (28.6%. relative importance). It can thus be concluded that multidisciplinary participation broadens how the problem is viewed, disciplines have a partial effect on weighting selection criteria and there is no alignment in the commercial perception of the university and the enterprise in this type of decision-making.
La purificación de Reiko: Lectura psicoanalítica de “Música” de Yukio Mishima (1965)
Authors: Castro Hernández Lucía
Published: August 2022

Música (Mishima, 1965) es una novela que relata la historia de un caso psicoanalítico ficticio, donde se presentan a los personajes Dr. Shiomi y Reiko Yumigawa en su proceso de curar la imposibilidad de la joven de “escuchar la música” (tener un orgasmo). Se realiza un análisis del caso mencionado, por medio de la técnica de las “tres lecturas” (Murillo, 2010): lectura filológica, lectura semiótica y lectura psicoanalítica. Luego de hacer una revisión de antecedentes de la novela y de desarrollar las primeras dos lecturas, se presenta el argumento de la lectura psicoanalítica, en la cual se expresa que la personaje Reiko sufre de su frigidez debido a que no se sentía digna de sentir placer con su novio, el venerado “bueno y puro” Ryuichi, a raíz de su propia “impureza”. Al final, se establece que en esta novela se aprecia una clara presentación de cómo algunos tradicionalismos sociales pueden ser capaces de lastimar a una persona al punto de hacerla prisionera de un pasado del cual no tenía control, y la importancia de prestar atención a los casos de similar índole que puedan estar ocurriendo en la realidad, para darles su debida oportunidad de “purificarse” a sí mismas.
Investigation of communication skills perceived by students from instructors
Authors: Hacıcaferoğlu Serkan
Published: August 2022

Background and Study Aim. The aim of this research is to examine the communication skills of the students studying at the faculties of sports sciences, as perceived by the instructors.

Material and Methods. The study was conducted using general survey model. The sample group of the study is consisted of a total of 714 randomly selected voluntary students, including 423 males and 291 females, who study at Faculty of Sports Sciences. The Communication Skills Evaluation Scale, was used as the data collection tool in the study. In the analysis of the data, t-test and one-way variance analysis and Tukey test analysis were used.

Results. According to the variables of the high school they graduated from, the department they studied and the grade level, it was determined that the communication skills they perceived from the instructors were at a moderate level. In addition, it was determined that the perceived communication level of male students studying in the coaching department was higher than that of male students studying in the teaching department.

Conclusions. Male and female students of sports sciences in the learning process should have effective communication skills in order to be prepared for their sociality and professional life. The acquisition of this skill largely depends on the efforts of the instructors in their courses and extracurricular activities during the undergraduate period. In this context, the instructors who attend the courses should be competent in their own branches, as well as being able to communicate positively and effectively with male and female students.
The effects of small-sided games versus traditional training on physical fitness and skills among Under-12 hockey players
Authors: Tajudin Faizal Izwan M. , Malek Nor Fazila A. , Azmi Abdul Muiz N. , Tan Kevin , Vasanthi Rajkumar K. , Abadi Fariba H. , Nadzalan Ali Md
Published: August 2022

Background and Study Aim. Despite many evidences showed the effectiveness of small sided games (SSG) to be included in sport training programs, majority of the study was done in soccer, while is very limited in hockey. The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the effects of small sided games and traditional training on physical fitness components (cardiovascular endurance, power, speed) and skills (dribbling, hitting, passing) among Under-12 hockey players.

Material and Methods. A total of 36 primary schools’ male students aged below 12 that represent their district were randomly divided into three groups; i) 3x3, ii) 4x4 and iii) traditional training (TT). The yo-yo test (cardiovascular endurance), standing long jump test (power) and 30m sprint test (speed) were conducted to measure level of physical fitness performance while the skills of the players was tested based on the skills of dribbling, hitting and passing. Pre- and post-tests were conducted on all fitness and skill level before and after 8 week intervention period. Mixed between within analysis of variances (ANOVA) was used to analyze the differences in physical fitness and skills performance between and within the three groups.

Results. The results of this study showed all groups managed to improve their physical fitness and skills in the post test. However, the 3x3 and 4x4 SSG have better improvement compared to TT in physical fitness while no significant differences were found in skills tests.

Conclusions. In conclusion, SSG interventions were found to be more effective in improving physical fitness but not in terms of skills. Coaches are encouraging to implement SSG in their training program in order to improve both physical and skills among hockey players.
Toward damage-tolerant bulk metallic glasses: Fracture behavior and brittle–ductile transition
Authors: Ryu Wook Ha , Kim Ji Young , Park Eun Soo
Published: August 2022

In order to replace the conventional alloys with bulk metallic glasses (BMGs), studies have been actively conducted to investigate the mechanical characteristics of BMGs in various aspects. One of the major ongoing issues is process-related variations in key properties such as fracture toughness. Although there is still a lack of knowledge on how to prevent catastrophic failure in most BMGs, Griffith’s theory, modified by Irwin and Orowan, allows us to understand that the dissipation of plastic energy by atomic rearrangement within the shear band is a key factor in designing damage-tolerant BMGs by preventing crack opening. In this article, we discuss the fracture behavior of BMGs in relation to Griffith’s theory and review studies that examined how intrinsic and extrinsic factors, such as alloy composition, temperature, sample size, and strain rate affect the brittle–ductile transitions in BMGs. As several BMGs recently reported excellent fracture toughness similar to that of ductile alloys such as conventional low-carbon steels, damage-tolerant BMGs will be a new class of high-performance structural engineering materials with significant technological strengths.

Graphical abstract
Evaluation of Policy Impact on Household Waste Management: A Case Study of Marine Pollution at Panipahan Rokan Hilir Port
Authors: Hendra Hendra , Yuliani Febri , Adianto Adianto
Published: August 2022

This study aims to determine the impact of household waste management policies at the Panipahan Rokan Hilir port and the role of the Environmental Service in handling household waste in Rokan Hilir. The data analysis used is a qualitative descriptive analysis recommended by Miles and Huberman: Data Reduction, Presentation of Data, and Summarizing and Verification of Results. Data collection techniques include observations, interviews (structured and in-depth with informants), and documentation. The results of the research show that the Evaluation of Policy Impacts in Household Waste Management in a Case Study of Marine Pollution at Panipahan Rokan Hilir Port With the Theory of Policy Impacts, that are: Household Waste Management Policy (Case Study of Pollution at the Panipahan Rokan Hilir Port, it does not have an individual impact on the Panipahan community, both psychological impacts, environmental impacts, economic impacts, and social and personal impacts. No effect on the community in Panipahan, Rokan Hilir Regency, and has not had an impact on social institutions and systems in Panipahan, Rokan Hilir Regency. have done the Task. Its function is from Environmental Pollution Prevention Services and Management of Household Waste and similar Household Wastes quite well. However, it is still not optimal, and this can be seen from the existence of Pollution in the Panipahan Sea due to household waste and similar types of household waste.
Analysis of Violations of Corporate Governance Principles in Smuggling Cases of Garuda Indonesia
Authors: Shawaaba Afiatika Ayyi , Maulani Dikrilla Sarla , Nirmala Dita Ayu , Subekti Muhammad Fauzan Abimanyu
Published: August 2022

This study aims to analyze the violation of corporate governance principles in the smuggling case of a Harley Davidson motorcycle and two Brompton bicycles on the new Airbus A330-900 by the President Director of PT Garuda Indonesia and four other boards of directors involved in supporting it. The type of research used is qualitative research with a descriptive research design. This study focuses on analyzing an object by studying it as a case intensively. This research uses the data analysis method content analysis approach with the study documentation collection method. Research data sources were obtained from secondary data, namely by searching for previous research, the internet, financial reports from PT Garuda Indonesia, and several other reliable sources.  It can be seen from this study that the smuggling act by the former president director of PT Garuda Indonesia violated the five principles of good corporate governance.” The five principles are transparency, accountability, responsibility, independence, and fairness. These five principles must be used as guidelines for companies in carrying out their performance so that companies can operate efficiently and effectively and compete well in the market.
EXTERNAL DEBT AND FOREIGN INVESTMENT: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS ON THE ECONOMY OF GHANA
Authors:   Zhejiang Gongshang University, China, Prah Gigamon Joseph , Ofori Charles ,   Zhejiang Gongshang University, China
Published: August 2022

This study considers the impact of Ghana’s heavy external debt on its ability to attract foreign investment. The study uses data covering the period from 1991 to 2019. Foreign investment is measured using net foreign direct investment inflows, while external debt is measured using two indicators: public and publicly guaranteed external debt stock and long-term debt stock. Using the ARDL, we found that both external debt indicators have a substantial negative long-run influence on foreign direct investment inflows. On the other hand, economic growth, measured by the gross domestic product, has a substantial positive effect on foreign direct investment inflows. External debt has a detrimental impact on foreign direct investment, while improvement in the country’s economic performance promotes foreign direct investment inflows. The implication is that when funds borrowed are well utilized for economic purposes, it will neutralize the negative consequences of the debt, and the improved economic performance shall augment foreign investment inflows. These findings are essential for most developing economies, especially the African countries, which heavily depend on foreign loans. Policymakers should focus on strategies such as human capital improvement, innovation, and strengthening their legal systems that improve economic performance.
Apoyo social percibido por mujeres gestantes de Santa Marta, Colombia: un análisis comparativo
Authors:   Universidad del Magdalena, Thomas-Hilarión Whitne Dayana , Fuentes-Vanegas Laura Vanessa , Gallo-Barrera Yeison David , Ramos-De La Cruz Ediltrudis
Published: August 2022

Introducción: El apoyo social percibido durante la gestación es importante para la salud mental perinatal. Sin embargo, poco se conoce sobre estas variables en la población colombiana. Objetivo: Comparar el apoyo social percibido según variables sociodemográficas, ginecobstétricas y afecto positivo en mujeres gestantes de Santa Marta, Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Participaron 40 mujeres entre 19 y 41 años (M=26.48; DE=5.03), que se encontraban en su tercer trimestre de embarazo, beneficiarias de un programa de promoción de la lactancia materna exclusiva. Las participantes diligenciaron una ficha de información sociodemográfica y ginecobstétrica, la Escala Multidimensional de Apoyo Social Percibido (α=0.88) y una subescala de la Escala de Afectos Positivos y Negativos (α=0.82). Se aplicó la prueba U de Mann-Whitney para los análisis estadísticos comparativos y se siguieron los lineamientos éticos en investigación con humanos. Resultados: 67% de las participantes fueron de estrato socioeconómico bajo, 87.5% tenía pareja, 67.5% contaba con estudios superiores, 42.5% tenía trabajo y 47.5% eran madres primerizas. Las mujeres de estrato socioeconómico alto percibieron mayor apoyo social por parte de sus amigos (p=0.01). El apoyo social familiar fue significativamente más alto en las madres primerizas (p=0.01) y en las que reportaron mayor afecto positivo (p=0.03). Por último, el apoyo social por parte de personas significativas fue mayor cuando era el primer embarazo de la mujer (p=0.02). Conclusión: Se encontraron diferencias significativas en algunas dimensiones del apoyo social percibido según el estrato socioeconómico, ser madre primeriza y el afecto positivo. Se recomienda realizar otros estudios con mayor tamaño muestral.
Verbenaceae no Parque Estadual do Biribiri, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil
Authors: Ribeiro Andressa Rocha Carnevalli Pompeu , Cardoso Pedro Henrique , Menini Neto Luiz , Nobre Pedro Henrique , Salimena Fátima Regina Gonçalves
Published: August 2022

Apresentamos o tratamento florístico de Verbenaceae no Parque Estadual do Biribiri, localizado no Planalto de Diamantina, Cadeia do Espinhaço, Estado de Minas Gerais. Com extensão atual de 16.998,66 ha, essa Unidade de Conservação estadual integra uma área de importância biológica especial, com vegetação representada predominantemente por campos rupestres. Após o estudo de campo e consulta a herbários nós encontramos 14 táxons de Verbenaceae incluídos em três gêneros: Lantana fucata, Lippia alba, Lippia corymbosa, Lippia diamantinensis, Lippia hederifolia, Lippia hermannioides, Lippia lacunosa, Lippia origanoides, Lippia pseudothea, Lippia raoniana, Lippia rotundifolia, Lippia stachyoides var. martiana, Stachytarpheta glabra e Stachytarpheta reticulata. Destacamos a ocorrência de Lippia raoniana, preliminarmente avaliada como criticamente ameaçada, dentro dos limites do Parque, expandindo o conhecimento sobre sua distribuição geográfica. Para reconher cada táxon, nós fornecemos descrições morfológicas, chave de identificação, fotografias, juntamente com comentários taxonômicos e ecológicos.
RELAÇÕES ÉTNICO-RACIAIS NA EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL E TECNOLÓGICA: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Santos Iraneide Nascimento dos , Silva Neta Maria de Lourdes da , Santos Carolina da Franca Bandeira Ferreira
Published: August 2022

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar as evidências científicas sobre educação das relações étnico-raciais no âmbito da educação profissional e tecnológica. Trata-se de pesquisa exploratória e qualitativa, cuja técnica de revisão integrativa da literatura permitiu a seleção sistemática dos relatos em seis etapas. Inicialmente, a busca dos artigos através do SciELO, Periódico CAPES e Google acadêmico a partir dos termos raça, etnia, relações étnico-raciais e educação profissional, juntamente com operadores booleanos, resultou em 11.336 títulos, e após a triagem, 11 artigos foram incluídos. Para discussão, foram utilizadas as categorias: institucionalização da Lei nº 10.639/2003 e currículo; racismo estrutural; lei das cotas; núcleo de estudos, pesquisas e extensão afro-brasileiros e indígenas; experiências pedagógicas acerca da diversidade étnico-raciais; percepções dos alunos e professores acerca da diversidade étnico-racial no currículo; e a atuação dos professores para educação profissionalizante de mulheres negras. Constatou-se que há um longo percurso a se percorrer para institucionalização das Leis 10.639/03 e 11.645/08 nos currículos e nas práticas de ensino-aprendizagem da formação profissionalizante, reforçado pelas percepções negativas dos alunos e professores sobre diversidade étnico-racial nos currículos das instituições educação profissional e tecnológica, principalmente quando se trata dos cursos integrados. No entanto, as leis de cotas, a implantação do NEABI e as diversas experiências de ensino destacaram-se como ações afirmativas promotoras da igualdade racial.
Flexibilidad y Rigidez del Curriculum de una Carrera de Ingeniería Civil. Análisis desde la Teoría de los Sistemas Complejos
Authors: Paz Hugo
Published: August 2022

En este trabajo se expone el análisis del curriculum de la carrera de Ingeniería Civil de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología (FACET) de la Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT) aplicando técnicas de análisis De Sistemas Complejos. La representación de un sistema complejo se realizó mediante la aplicación de la Teoría de Grafos. Esta teoría es una rama de las matemáticas que estudia las propiedades de los grafos. Un grafo es un conjunto de vértices o nodos unidos aristas, las cuales pueden ser dirigidas o no. Se aplica para la búsqueda de los caminos de una red y realizar un análisis de conectividad. De esta manera se determinaron nodos (Asignaturas) con problemas de conectividad, la determinación de las jerarquías en la red, los nodos con “congestiones”, etc. (Aldrich, 2015) propone analizar el curriculum como un sistema complejo, con nodos que representan los cursos y los vínculos entre nodos son los requisitos previos que debe cumplir el alumno para poder acceder al mismo. Como resultados se detectaron grados de heterogeneidad en el diseño de los prerrequisitos de cursado de asignaturas, preponderancia de ciertas disciplinas específicas sobre obras, así como una cierta rigidez en su estructura que estaría correspondiéndose con los resultados de atraso y abandono en la carrera. Como conclusión final, podemos remarcar la utilidad de este tipo de herramientas y análisis para encontrar patrones y relaciones que de otra manera permanecen poco visibles. Creemos que análisis de este tipo pueden servir para, a la hora del planteo de un nuevo plan de estudios y/o de la búsqueda de soluciones a problemas existente en uno que está implementado, permita descubrir las causas a algunos problemas que están “escondidas” en la propia estructura del plan y que no son fácilmente visibles.
Immune Regulatory Functions of IgG in the Ontogeny of Human Natural Regulatory T Cells
Authors: Franco Alessandra
Published: August 2022

The heavy constant region of IgG (Fc) is highly immunogenic for human natural regulatory T cells (nTreg). Mature IgG+ B cells prime Fc-specific Treg via recycling of surface immunoglobulin with an antigen-processing pathway that is very efficient in presenting immunodominant Fc peptides to Treg. Some of these peptides are pan-HLA binders, explaining the presence of Fc-specific Treg in circulation in healthy pediatric and adult subjects. Following IgG+ B cell priming, further Treg expansion occurs with the presentation of Fc peptides following IgG uptake and processing by CD14+ myeloid dendritic cells type 2 (cDC2) and CD4+ immunoglobulin-like transcript 4 (ILT-4+) tolerogenic DC that secretes IL-10 when stimulated by the Fc that enters cells prevalently via Fcg receptor II. Fc-specific Treg are important in regulating naive T cell differentiation and account for a key mechanism of success for intravenous immunoglobulin therapy (IVIG) in several inflammatory conditions, including Kawasaki disease (KD) a pediatric acute vasculitis of the coronary arteries.
Geogrid-anchored sheet pile walls; a small-scale experimental and numerical study
Authors: Wittekoek B. , van Eekelen S. J. M. , Terwindt J. , Korff M. , van Duijnen P. G. , Detert O. , Bezuijen A.
Published: August 2022

The use of geogrids to anchor Sheet Pile Walls (SPW) is relatively new. A series of small-scale tests was performed to investigate the behaviour of geogrid-anchored SPWs subjected to strip footing surcharge loading. Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) techniques were used to measure soil displacement and analyse the global failure mechanism and dominant soil-geogrid interaction mechanisms. One of the tests was duplicated in a test box that was eight times as wide, showing that the influence of the small width of the test box was acceptably small. A 2D finite element model (PLAXIS) was used to simulate the tests and there was a reasonable match with the test results. The position of the strip footing load, and the length and number of the geogrid anchors, proved to be key factors in determining the bearing capacity. The results provide new insights into the stabilising effect and the effective length of the geogrid anchors, in other words the length along which geogrid-soil friction is mobilised. Contrary to the Dutch design guidelines for reinforced soil walls and conventionally anchored sheet pile walls, the results showed that the geogrid provides resistance in the active zone under the strip footing surcharge loading.
Effect of principal stress direction on the instability of sand under the constant shear drained stress path
Authors: Fanni Riccardo , Reid David , Fourie Andy
Published: August 2022

Results of torsional shear hollow cylinder (TSHC) tests carried out on a reconstituted sand maintaining a constant direction of major principal stress relative to the vertical axis (α) and intermediate principal stress ratio (b) during shearing are presented. Tests were undertaken following the constant shear drained (CSD) stress path, which simulates stress conditions under a rising phreatic surface. The test programme was complemented by undrained TSHC tests to provide further insight regarding the behaviour of the sand when sheared under a range of α values. Various reconstitution methods (i.e. moist tamped (MT), dry pluviated (DP) and wet pluviated (WP)) were included to examine the effects of fabric on CSD triggering. Only MT and DP specimens could be prepared loose enough to exhibit liquefaction behaviour; hence the focus of this study was on these preparation methods. The programme indicated that the instability stress ratio (ηIL) under the CSD stress paths decreases as α increases, suggesting that cross-anisotropy strongly influences the shearing behaviour of sands under this trigger mechanism. In addition, the DP sand showed a greater decrease of ηIL with increasing α compared to the MT sand, consistent with other studies examining the effect of fabric and preparation methods on inherent anisotropy. The results of this study suggest that ignoring the effect of cross-anisotropy on the CSD trigger mechanism will lead to unconservative slope stability assessments.
Direito transnacional, contratos farmacêuticos e as cláusulas de arbitragem e formação de fundos não-soberanos.
Authors: De Oliveira Marcus Vinicius Xavier , Vieira da Costa Adriana
Published: August 2022

Esse artigo objetiva compreender e discutir as complexas relações transnacionais inerentes aos contratos farmacêuticos entre Estados e empresas farmacêuticas transnacionais, em especial nos tópicos relacionados às previsões de arbitragem transnacional para a solução de controvérsias e a obrigação de formação de fundos não-soberanos como garantia de adimplemento das dívidas. Procurar-se-á demonstrar que essas cláusulas encontram sua legitimidade no contexto do Direito Transnacional, na qual o Estado atua como um ator não soberano, e que estas previsões contratuais se orientam pela lógica favor creditoris. Foi empregado o método crítico e o procedimento da pesquisa bibliográfica.
The effects of individual differences in native perception on discrimination of a novel non-native contrast
Authors: Kogan Vita V , Mora Joan C.
Published: August 2022

Native (L1) phonetic categories can constrain the perception of non-native contrasts which deviate from the listener’s L1 (Best & Tyler, 2007; Flege, 1995). Yet, some individuals are remarkably successful at accurately perceiving non-native sounds (e.g., Bongaerts, van Summeren, Planken, & Schils, 1997). We hypothesize that compact L1 categories give an initial advantage in distinguishing non-native contrasts. Sixty-eight Spanish monolinguals were tested on the degree of compactness of their native category /i/, measured through a goodness-of-fit rating task. Participants listened to synthesized variants of the Spanish /i/ vowel (differing in F1, F2, or both) and rated them as either good or bad exemplars of their representation of this category. An individual /i/ compactness index was calculated for each participant and related to the individual perceived dissimilarity score for the novel Russian contrast /i – ɨ/. The Russian contrast /i – ɨ/ is a problematic contrast to perceive for Spanish speakers due to the absence of /ɨ/ in the Spanish vowel inventory, a sound acoustically very similar to /i/. In this study, the compactness of the L1 category /i/ weakly predicted perceptual sensitivity (dissimilarity scores) for the Russian contrast /i – ɨ/.
Characterize the main adverse events with harm reported in a Teaching Hospital in Minas Gerais
Authors: Senne Eva Claudia Venancio de , Paiva Luciana , Peixoto Patrícia Borges , Barros Joyce Assunção , Zullo Sergio Antonio , Oliveira Cristina da Cunha Hueb Barata de
Published: August 2022

Background and Objectives: adverse events are a major public health problem. The purpose of the study was to characterize the main adverse events with harm reported in a teaching hospital in Minas Gerais. Methods: this is a retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study with quantitative approach, which assessed the reports on adverse events, carried out between January 2015 and December 2018. Pearson’s chi-square test was applied in order to verify the association between categorical variables. Cramer’s measure V was calculated to assess the degree of association between the respective variables. In the observation of statistically significant results, the Z test was applied to compare proportions with adjustments by the Bonferroni method. Results: a total of 445 adverse events were reported, being the highest number in 2018 (61.8%) involving “Abrasion and friction” process (44.7%), which correspond to grades 3 and 4 pressure injuries. Most adverse events were reported by the Emergency Unit (29.2%), and serious harm (7.6%) and deaths (1.3%) were more prevalent in this place. There was a statistically significant association between types of harm and types of incidents (p
Efficacy of intraoral antiseptics in SARS-CoV-2 infection control in dental clinics
Authors: Matias Francisca Aline da Silva , Júnior Gildenilson Oliveira , Fontinelle Amanda Vaz Rodrigues , Abi-chacra Érika de Araújo
Published: August 2022

Background and Objectives: In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, in which the main route of transmission is through contact with contaminated saliva, routine dental procedures represent a potential risk of contagion for professionals and patients. To reduce the occurrence of cross-infection, ways of controlling oral microbial load are necessary, such as the use of preoperative mouthwashes. Thus, the aim of this literature review was to assess the potential efficacy of different intra-oral antiseptics in SARS-CoV-2 infection control in dental clinics. Content: This is a literature review, carried out in the LILACS, Cochrane Library, CAPES and MEDLINE databases, using the search terms “mouth rinse”, “dental care”, “COVID-19”, “cetylpiridinium chloride”, “povidone-iodine”, “chlorhexidine”, and “hydrogen peroxide”. Among the 46 potentially relevant articles, fourteen articles were selected, with full texts published in the last 5 years. These were analyzed and categorized according to the type of study (literature review, in vitro and in vivo studies). The antiseptics highlighted as most relevant in terms of antiviral efficacy were povidone-iodine, cetylpyridinium chloride, hydrogen peroxide and chlorhexidine. Conclusion: Little evidence has been found regarding the effectiveness of oral antiseptics against SARS-CoV-2. It is worth mentioning that some studies conducted with povidone-iodine and chlorhexidine show promising results in combating SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, conducting randomized clinical studies is extremely important to determine the effectiveness of these compounds in controlling COVID-19 in dental practice.
Implementação de um bundle para prevenção de pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica em um hospital de ensino
Authors: Santana Taciane Cristina , Paiva Luciana , Oliveira Cristina da Cunha Hueb Barata de
Published: August 2022

Justificativa e Objetivos: a implementação de pacotes de medidas (bundles) de prevenção de pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica (PAV) nas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) tem sido recomendada devido ao considerável aumento de custos hospitalares, tempo de internação, morbidade e mortalidade nos pacientes internados acometidos. Entretanto, os resultados da sua efetividade ainda são controversos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o impacto da implementação de um bundle para prevenção de PAV em uma UTI Adulto de um hospital universitário. Métodos: estudo quase-experimental, com implementação de um bundle para prevenção de PAV em uma UTI Adulto e a análise dos indicadores. Este estudo abordou dados secundários oriundos de registros hospitalares preconizados na rotina da equipe da Comissão de Controle de Infecção Hospitalar e dos prontuários de pacientes submetidos à ventilação mecânica, de junho de 2016 a julho de 2019, que desenvolveram PAV. Resultados: a densidade de incidência de PAV antes da intervenção foi de 4,13 infecções, e, após a intervenção, foi de 7,15 infecções por mil pacientes em ventilação/dia. Ao realizarmos o teste de regressão linear, evidenciamos que a densidade de PAV diminuiu conforme foi reduzida a sedação, a extubação foi aumentada e quando ocorreu a adesão a todos os elementos do bundle. Conclusão: não houve redução da incidência de PAV após a adoção das medidas preventivas, talvez por uma subnotificação de casos no período anterior ao bundle e uma baixa adesão da equipe aos componentes do bundle. Contudo, percebemos uma diminuição das notificações de PAV após o oitavo mês de implementação do bundle de medidas.
Infection risks related to aesthetic procedures: microbial profile and professional perception about infection prevention measures
Authors: Signori Daniela , De Oliveira Lilian Berger , Cardozo Jéssica Daiane , Da Rosa Gabriela Santos , De Souza William Machado , Miri Malena Rostirola , Anelo Taís Fernanda da Silva , Martins Andreza Francisco
Published: August 2022

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to identify the presence of microorganisms in the aesthetic environment and assess professionals’ knowledge about relevant infection prevention measures, considering the importance of the issue and the lack of study in the area. Methods: A total of 100 clinics that perform minimally invasive aesthetic procedures in Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil, were visited. Procedures such as botulin-toxin, dermal fillers, collagen biostimulators, thread lift, chemical peels and laser hair removal were considered. A questionnaire about infection prevention measures were answered by 50 professionals. Also, 100 samples were collected from the environment for bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Results: There was an infection prevention protocol in 40% of clinics, in which 95% of respondents had complete college education. Periodic professional training regarding infection control measures were performed in 72% of clinics. An autoclave was used for sterilization of materials and instruments in 66% of clinics. From the samples collected, 85% showed bacterial growth by microbiological methods. Coagulase-negative Staphylococci was the most prevalent genera found, and 16% of them were resistant to both cefoxitin, erythromycin, and clindamycin. Four isolates were positive for mecA by PCR. Conclusion: The presence of well-trained professionals is critical in aesthetic clinics so that biosafety and infection prevention measures are taken.
Korean Version of the Short Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I): Study of Validity and Reliability
Authors: Ko YoungJi , Lee Su-Jin , Baek Seung-Hoon
Published: August 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and test the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the short Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I).Methods: The Korean version of the short FES-I was developed through the FES-I translation protocol. Participants for the psychometric tests included 300 older adults (100 visiting a senior welfare center, 100 registered as frail elderly in a public health center, and 100 visiting an orthopedic department at a university hospital after hip-fracture surgery). The psychometric tests included content, construct, criterion validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability.Results: One factor of the seven items was validated and explained by 79.4% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the model fit and convergent validity. Mean scores according to fall history were also significantly different. Correlation analysis confirmed criterion validity with a single item of fear of falling (r=.76, p<.001). There were reliable internal consistencies with Cronbach’s α coefficients of .95 and, .93, and the ICC (Intra-class Correlation Coefficient) for test-retest reliability was .95.Conclusion: This scale showed excellent validity and reliability in Korea. It is useful to measure fear of falling for older adults in clinical or community settings.
The Influence of Moral Distress, Empowerment and Nursing Practice Environment on Nurses’ Person-centered Care in Long-term Care Hospitals: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Jung Se Ryoung , Min Hae Young
Published: August 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of moral distress, empowerment, and nursing practice environment on nurses’ person-centered care in long-term care hospitals.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using self-report questionnaires. Participants included 128 nurses working in eight long-term care hospitals. Data were collected from July 24 to August 31, 2018 and analyzed using the independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression using the SPSS/WIN 26.0 program.Results: Person-centered care showed significantly negative correlations with moral distress (r=-.18, p=.048) and positive correlations with empowerment (r=.52, p<.001) and nursing practice environment (r=.46, p<.001). Person-centered care was significantly affected by empowerment (β=.42, p<.001) and nursing practice environment (β=.26, p=.002), and the explanatory power of these variables was 34% (F=22.29, p<.001).Conclusion: Research results suggest it is necessary to develop a program to improve the empowerment of nurses for person-centered care and nursing practice environment in long-term care hospitals.
Riesgo suicida y estrategias de afrontamiento al estrés en población campesina colombiana
Authors: Bahamon Marly Johana , Quiceno Japcy Margarita , Gómez Alejandra , Herrera Silvia Franchesca , Vélez Ana María , Vinaccia Stefano
Published: August 2022

Introducción: El comportamiento suicida hace referencia a las diversas conductas para dejar de vivir es un fenómeno multifactorial ampliamente estudiado en población urbana, sin embargo, la población campesina, especialmente agricultores y trabajadores agrícolas están entre los grupos de alto riesgo.

Objetivo: Evaluar las relaciones entre el riesgo suicida y las estrategias de afrontamiento al estrés en una muestra de 76 campesinos entre los 18 y 79 años del municipio de El Santuario, Colombia, durante la emergencia sanitaria por Covid-19.

Método: Para este estudio se utilizó un diseño descriptivo correlacional de corte transversal y se emplearon como instrumentos la Escala de Evaluación de Riesgo Suicida –ERS– y la Escala de Estilos y Estrategias de Afrontamiento (EEEAE).

Resultados: Los resultados encontrados en la Escala ERS no indicaron niveles clínicos de riesgo suicida. Y respecto a la EEEAE casi siempre los participantes usaban las estrategias de Reevaluación positiva, Apoyo social, Desconexión cognitiva y Resolver el problema. Hubo correlaciones negativas entre todas las dimensiones de la escala ERS con EEEAE, menos entre las dimensiones Depresión/Desesperanza y Aislamiento/Soporte social (ERS) con la Desconexión cognitiva (EEEAE) y especialmente la estrategia de Reevaluación Positiva tuvo un peso significativo sobre riesgo suicida.

Conclusiones: La Reevaluación Positiva es una estrategia de afrontamiento que puede proteger la salud mental ante situaciones de estrés asociados con el riesgo suicida de la población campesina, los agricultores y trabajadores agrícolas.
Utilising Land Type data for geotechnical investigations
Authors: Fanourakis G C
Published: August 2022

In South Africa, a Land Type Survey (LTSS) has been conducted of the entire country. The information available from the LTSS is readily and inexpensively made available to the public (in the form of maps and accompanying memoirs). This survey includes information on the climate, terrain and soils. The soil information given includes qualitative data (such as pedological classifications, soil profiles and soil types), as well as quantitative physical and chemical properties of representative soils tested. Such information is used primarily for agricultural purposes. This paper proposes an approach for inferring information, of relevance in reconnaissance geotechnical engineering surveys, from Land Type data, to supplement geotechnical investigation data. The proposed procedure was verified using actual information from a geotechnical report. This investigation indicated that general engineering properties can be inferred from qualitative pedological data. In addition, statistically significant engineering properties (including the grading, Atterberg Limits and the USCS and AASHTO classifications) were determined from quantitative pedological data, in 86% of cases, for the soils considered. It is evident from this research that data from the Land Type survey data can be successfully used for geotechnical investigation purposes for certain developments (such as roads and townships) where the depth of interest is relatively shallow.
Proteoform Identification and Quantitation with TopPIC and TDPortal for Human Tissues v1
Authors: M Fulcher James
Published: August 2022

This protocol describe a workflow for top-down proteomics analysis. Top-down proteomics data are processed with two separate software packages TopPIC and TDPortal. Proteoform identifications were merged from the two software with unified FDR to increase coverage. TopPICR was separately used to cluster TopPIC proteoform to extract abundances for label-free quantitation.
Isolation of PBMCs From Whole Blood v1
Authors: Ongari Gerardo
Published: August 2022

This protocol details methods for the isolation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from Whole Blood
INDONESIA EDUCATION PORTRAITS WHEN PANDEMIC COVID-19
Authors: Maslahah Maslahah
Published: August 2022

Different but still one, Indonesia is used to various situations but the situation that occurs is very different from the habit. Not only Indonesia, but foreign countries are also feeling the impact of the Covid-19 virus. Various sectors in the government were affected, including the education sector. Education is experiencing tremendous shocks in this situation, the implementation of teaching and learning activities, but must not stop. Various efforts have been made by the government to keep it optimal even though the situation cannot be optimized. This research illustrates how the portrait of Indonesian education during the Covid-19 pandemic. Besides, this research also presents the nature of education, indigenous education, and a little preview of the new normal period. In this study, the authors used a qualitative research approach to field studies with observation techniques and documentation. In addition, the study used various references sourced from 11 reputable national journal articles, the Covid-19 cluster website, 2 bare books, and documents from the Ministry of Education and Culture.The result of the research states that education is trying to understand everything that is in the universe, all-natural phenomena that occur not by chance, because of the will of the creator. The new normal period is a transitional period with new habits, the author calls it a transitional period because in life everything that is done is still within a limit. The portrait of Indonesian education during the pandemic continues to adapt to the situation, various color zones are set to indicate whether education can be carried out face-to-face or through networks. Various efforts are continuously being made to create the ideal education that is currently happening.