bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Backfat Thickness Does Affect the Restoration of Ovarian Activity Postpartum in Different Breeding Programs in Zebu Cattle
Authors: Martínez José F. , Galina Carlos S. , Ortiz Pablo , Corro Manuel D. , Rubio Ivette , Romero-Zuñiga Juan J.
Published: December 2021

The backfat thickness (BFT) was used to forecast the onset of ovarian activity and predict the calf growth. Eighty Brahman cows with their calves were allocated in two groups of 40 distributed in 4 months according to the month of calving, starting in March and finishing in June. One was synchronized and inseminated at fixed time following by natural mating (TAI+NM); whilst the other only by natural mating (NM). The programs started at 60 ± 5 days postpartum and ended 60 days later. From day 30 postpartum, serial ultrasound examinations and progesterone samples were used to monitor the onset of ovarian activity. The BFT in the rump area was measured by ultrasound from 30 days postpartum and every 15 days thereafter. The weight of the calves was recorded at birth and at weaning on 160 days. The adjusted effect of BFT on ovarian activity and the calves' development was assessed by binomial logistic regression at 30, 60, 75, and 120 days postpartum. The cycling cows averaged higher BFT irrespective of breeding program (P < 0.001). Also, slower changes in BFT were recorded during the follow-up at each time for all cows. However, the former had the higher BFT values from calving to the end of the study (P < 0.001). At 60, 75, and 120 days, the BFT measured, at the preceding time, was the only factor predicting the commencement of cyclicity (P < 0.001). The accumulative pregnancy through time was higher in TAI+NM (P = 0.003). Daily weight gain and weaning weight of the calves born in March was significantly heavier (P < 0.001) than peers born in April, May, or June. The most critical element to forecast the onset of ovarian activity is the monitoring of BFT around calving regardless of the breeding program. BFT to estimate the development of the calves until weaning was unpredictable.
Indukálható bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7) termelő fogbél eredetű őssejtvonal létrehozása és vizsgálata
Authors: Tóth Ferenc , Tőzsér József , Hegedűs Csaba
Published: December 2021

A fogak pulpájából kinyerhető fogbél eredetű őssejtek olyan multipotens sejtek, amelyek többféle kötőszöveti sejttípussáképesek differenciálódni. Egyszerű izolálásuk és sejttenyészetekben történő fenntarthatóságuk többek között kívánatossáteszi szövetregenerációs folyamatokban donorként történő felhasználásukat is. A BMP-7 fehérje a TGF-β szupercsaládtagja, növekedési faktor, amely fontos szerepet játszik az osteoblast irányú differenciálódás indukciójában,OP-1 néven rutinszerűen alkalmazzák gerincműtéteknél és hosszú csöves csontok törésének rögzítése során. Jelenmunkánkban lentivirális géntranszferrel egy tetracyclinnel indukálható (Tet-ON) BMP-7 termelésre képes fogbél eredetűőssejtvonalat hoztunk létre, amelyben az expresszió mértéke a hozzáadott indukáló ágens (doxycyclin) mennyiségévelszabályozható, annak megvonásával pedig megszüntethető. Reményeink szerint ez az indukálható BMP-7 expresszióelősegítheti, illetve felgyorsíthatja a környező sejtek csont irányú differenciálódását in vitro és in vivo egyaránt.
Fibrosus dysplasia differenciál-diagnózisa
Authors: Simonffy László , Gyulai-Gaál Szabolcs , Dobó Nagy Csaba , Szabó Bence Tamás
Published: December 2021

A tanszékünkön megjelent 69 éves nőbeteg anamnézisének felvétele és stomato-onkológiai szűrése után panoráma(OP)felvétel készült, amelyen multiplex szklerotikus, cystosus felritkulások láthatók a mandibulán. A tapasztalt elváltozások alap-ján további képalkotó modalitások alkalmazása vált indokolttá, így posteroanterior (PA) és oldalirányú (LAT) koponya-, illetvecone beam CT (CBCT) felvételeket készítettünk. A PA és LAT koponyafelvételeken kóros eltérés a mandibulán kívül egyéb területen nem ábrázolódott. Minthogy a páciens ötéven belül nem jelent meg tüdőszűrő vizsgálaton, ezért nem rendelkezünk PA-mellkasfelvétellel. A páciens képanyaga alapján megerősítettük a fibrosus dysplasia radiológiai diagnózisát.
Áttörésben visszamaradt bölcsességfogak ellátása az ambuláns szájsebészeti gyakorlatban egy év adatai alapján
Authors: Gyulai-Gaál Szabolcs , Minya Fanni
Published: December 2021

Az áttörésben visszamaradt fogak között a leggyakoribbak a bölcsességfogak, amelyek számos patológiás elváltozást, illetve orthodonciai problémát okozhatnak. Osztályunkon egy év alatt sebészi feltárással 1048 db bölcsességfogat távolítottunk el, melyek közül 700 esetben részletes radiológiai elemzést és statisztikát készítettünk. A terápiás, preventív és orthodonciai okból eltávolított fogak száma közel megegyező volt, a terápiás indikációk közül leggyakoribb a pericoronitis és caries volt. A preventív és orthodonciai célú bölcsességfog-eltávolítás ideális ideje 16–23 éves kor, amikor méga gyökerek kevesebb mint 2/3-a fejlődött ki. Az esetek 20%-ában ebben az időpontban történt a fogeltávolítás, amia preventív szemlélet terjedését támasztja alá. Posztoperatív szövődmény az esetek 6%-ában fordult elő, köztük leggyakoribb a hosszabb ideig fennálló duzzanat és fájdalom. Súlyosabb szövődmény, mint sebszétnyílás és idegsérülés csak 1-1 esetben történt. A posztoperatív szövődmények előfordulása preoperatív radiológiai kiértékeléssel minimalizálható, illetve nehezebb esetekben CBCT-felvétel készítése is javasolt.
Implementation of the Full-Newton Step Algorithm for Weighted Linear Complementarity Problems
Authors: Darvay Zsolt , Orbán Attila-Szabolcs
Published: December 2021

We present a path-following interior-point algorithm for solving the weighted linear complementarity problem from the implementation point of view. We studied two variants, which differ only in the method of updating the parameter which characterizes the central path. The implementation was done in the C++ programming language and the obtained numerical results prove the efficiency of the proposed method.
A Simplified FE Modeling Strategy for the Drop Process Simulation Analysis of Light and Small Drone
Authors: Zhang Yongjie , Huang Yingjie , Li Zhiwen , Liang Ke , Cao Kang , Guo Yazhou
Published: December 2021

The numerical accuracy of drop process simulation and collision response for drones is primarily determined by the finite element modeling method and simplified method of drone airframe structure. For light and small drones exhibiting diverse shapes and configurations, mixed materials and structures, deformation and complex destruction behaviors, the way of developing a reasonable and easily achieved high-precision simplified modeling method by ensuring the calculation accuracy and saving the calculation cost has aroused increasing concern in impact dynamics simulation. In the present study, the full-size modeling and simplified modeling methods that are specific to different components of a relatively popular light and small drone were analyzed in an LS-DYNA software environment. First, a full-size high-precision model of the drone was built, and the model accuracy was verified by performing the drop tests at the component level as well as the whole machine level. Subsequently, based on the full-size high-precision model, the property characteristics of the main components of the light and small drone and their common simplification methods were classified, a series of simplified modeling methods for different components were developed, several single simplified models and combined simplified models were built, and a method to assess the calculation error of the peak impact load in the simplified models was proposed. Lastly, by comparing and analyzing the calculation accuracy of various simplified models, the high-precision simplified modeling strategy was formulated, and the suggestions were proposed for the impact dynamics simulation of the light and small drone falling. Given the analysis of the calculation scale and solution time of the simplified model, the high-precision simplified modeling method developed here is capable of noticeably reducing the modeling difficulty, the solution scale and the calculation time while ensuring the calculation accuracy. Moreover, it shows promising applications in several fields (e.g., structure design, strength analysis and impact process simulation of drone).
The Effect of Pharmacist-Led Intervention on Surgical Antibacterial Prophylaxis (SAP) at an Orthopedic Unit
Authors: Fésüs Adina , Benkő Ria , Matuz Mária , Kungler-Gorácz Orsolya , Fésüs Márton Á. , Bazsó Tamás , Csernátony Zoltán , Kardos Gábor
Published: December 2021

Perioperative antibiotic use is a common reason for antibiotic misuse. Evidence suggests that adherence to SAP guidelines may improve outcomes. The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of pharmacist-led antibiotic stewardship interventions on SAP guideline compliance. The study was conducted at an Orthopedic Department of a tertiary care medical center. SAP compliance and antibiotic exposure in the pre-intervention and intervention period was compared using chi-square, Fisher exact, and Mann-Whitney tests, as appropriate. Prophylactic antibiotic use in orthopedic joint arthroplasties (overall guideline adherence: agent, dose, frequency, duration), clinical outcomes (length of stay-LOS, number of surgical site infections-SSIs), antibiotic exposure and direct antibiotic costs were compared between pre-intervention and intervention periods. Significant improvement in mean SAP duration (by 42.9%, 4.08 ± 2.08 vs. 2.08 ± 1.90 days, p ˂ 0.001), and overall guideline adherence regarding antibiotic use (by 56.2%, from 2% to 58.2%, p ˂ 0.001) were observed. A significant decrease was observed in antibiotic exposure in SAP (by 41%, from 6.07 ± 0.05 to 3.58 ± 4.33 DDD/patient, p ˂ 0.001), average prophylactic antibiotic cost (by 54.8%, 9278.79 ± 6094.29 vs. 3598.16 ± 3354.55 HUF/patient), and mean LOS (by 37.2%, from 11.22 ± 6.96 to 7.62 ± 3.02 days, p < 0.001); and a slight decrease in the number of confirmed SSIs was found between the two periods (by 1.8%, from 3% to 1.2%, p = 0.21). Continuous presence of the clinical pharmacist led to significant improvement in SAP guideline adherence, which was accompanied by decreased antibiotic exposure and cost.
Fusion of Moment Invariant Method and Deep Learning Algorithm for COVID-19 Classification
Authors: Moung Ervin Gubin , Hou Chong Joon , Sufian Maisarah Mohd , Hijazi Mohd Hanafi Ahmad , Dargham Jamal Ahmad , Omatu Sigeru
Published: December 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a global health crisis. The rapid spread of the virus has led to the infection of a significant population and millions of deaths worldwide. Therefore, the world is in urgent need of a fast and accurate COVID-19 screening. Numerous researchers have performed exceptionally well to design pioneering deep learning (DL) models for the automatic screening of COVID-19 based on computerised tomography (CT) scans; however, there is still a concern regarding the performance stability affected by tiny perturbations and structural changes in CT images. This paper proposes a fusion of a moment invariant (MI) method and a DL algorithm for feature extraction to address the instabilities in the existing COVID-19 classification models. The proposed method incorporates the MI-based features into the DL models using the cascade fusion method. It was found that the fusion of MI features with DL features has the potential to improve the sensitivity and accuracy of the COVID-19 classification. Based on the evaluation using the SARS-CoV-2 dataset, the fusion of VGG16 and Hu moments shows the best result with 90% sensitivity and 93% accuracy.
Features of the Chemical Interaction of 2-Furaldehyde and 1,3,5-Trihydroxybenzene in an Alkaline Medium to Obtain a Plasticizing Additive
Authors: Poluektova Valentina Anatolyevna , Cherkashina Natalia Igorevna , Starchenko Sergey Aleksandrovich , Romanyuk Dmitriy Sergeevich
Published: December 2021

The paper presents data on the study of the polycondensation of 2-furaldehyde and 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene in an alkaline medium to obtain a plasticizing additive. Results are presented on the study of the products of the separate interaction of 1,3,5-trioxybenzene and 2-furaldehyde with NaOH, and the joint polycondensation of 1,3,5-trioxybenzene with 2-furaldehyde with NaOH by UV spectroscopy. The structure of the product of the interaction of 1,3,5-trioxybenzene with 2-furaldehyde in an alkaline medium was studied by IR spectroscopy. Stronger C–H bonds appear in the IR spectrum and stretching vibrations of the C = O group are not observed, which confirms the production of a new compound. The optimal dosage of the developed plasticizing additive has been established as 0.3% of the cement mass (calculated on dry matter). The developed plasticizing additive can significantly reduce the water-cement ratio while maintaining the strength characteristics of cement compositions. In addition, when using the additive, the strength characteristics are significantly increased with a reduced water-cement ratio.
Maintenance Time of Permeable Asphalt Pavement Based on Entropy–Analytic Hierarchy Process Analysis
Authors: Yu Baoyang , Sun Zongguang , Qi Lin
Published: December 2021

Dust, sediment, and stone chips often block the rainwater-infiltration paths of permeable pavements, which, in conjunction with vehicle load, reduces drainage capacity. To restore this capacity, a reasonable maintenance time and suitable maintenance measures must be determined. Therefore, we investigated the void attenuation and decline in drainage capacity of permeable asphalt pavements under the combined action of dust blockage and vehicle load. First, the water seepage coefficient decay and the decay rate under blocking and compaction were determined via clogging and compaction experiments. Second, experimental data were incorporated into an entropy–analytic hierarchy process analysis model, with the gross domestic product ratio, wind scale, and maximum five-year rainfall for the area. Finally, three test roads were studied as the weight to rank the maintenance urgency and predict the maintenance timing for each road under different rainfall conditions. The results demonstrate that the drainage capacity of permeable pavements obeys the parabolic exponential attenuation law. From the findings regarding road water storage capacity, the latest pavement maintenance time at different rainfall levels were obtained. This predicted maintenance time enables better decisions than regular time on code, which is the effect of drainage caused by multiple factors.
Research on Wave Attenuation Performance of Floating Breakwater
Authors: Li Hao , Chen Junhua , Bao Lingjie , Jiang Chuhua
Published: December 2021

In this study, a new type of double-pontoon floating breakwater was designed to improve the wave attenuation performance through the addition of suspended Savonius propeller-blade. Its hydrodynamic characteristics were studied through numerical simulations and performance-testing experiment. The following investigations were performed in this study: Firstly, wave theory and hydrodynamic theory were combined to calculate the wave attenuation performance and motion response of double-pontoon floating breakwater under linear wave conditions. The numerical results showed that the wave attenuation performance was better under a specific wave period and height, the transmission coefficient reached a relatively small value, and the mooring line tension responded periodically and satisfied the condition of maximum breaking force. Secondly, three key geometric parameters of breakwater were researched, including the relative spacing of pontoons, the relative spacing between pontoons and blades, and the height–diameter ratio of Savonius blades. The calculation results showed that the pontoon spacing was closer to the wavelength and the breakwater wave attenuation performance was better. Lastly, experimental tests were also performed on the new double-pontoon floating breakwater and the results showed that the wave attenuation performance and numerical projections were basically the same, which verified the validity and effectiveness of the design method.
Joanna I of Anjou (1343–1382)
Authors: Vitolo Paola
Published: December 2021

Joanna I of Anjou (1325–1382), countess of Provence and the fourth sovereign of the Angevin dynasty in south Italy (since 1343), became the heir to the throne of the Kingdom of Sicily, succeeding her grandfather King Robert “the Wise” (1277–1343). The public and official images of the queen and the “symbolic” representations of her power, commissioned by her or by her entourage, contributed to create a new standard in the cultural references of the Angevin iconographic tradition aiming to assimilate models shared by the European ruling class. In particular, the following works of art and architecture will be analyzed: the queen’s portraits carved on the front slabs of royal sepulchers (namely those of her mother Mary of Valois and of Robert of Anjou) and on the liturgical furnishings in the church of Santa Chiara in Naples; the images painted in numerous illuminated manuscripts, in the chapter house of the friars in the Franciscan convent of Santa Chiara in Naples, in the lunette of the church in the Charterhouse of Capri. The church of the Incoronata in Naples does not show, at the present time, any portrait of the queen or explicit reference to Joanna as a patron. However, it is considered the highest symbolic image of her queenship.
Evaluating and Enhancing Iron Removal via Filterable Iron Precipitates Formation during Coal-Waste Bioleaching
Authors: Podder Prasenjit , Zhang Zongliang , Honaker Rick Q. , Free Michael L. , Sarswat Prashant K.
Published: December 2021

Iron removal via jarosite precipitate formation is a commonly used technique in various hydrometallurgical processes. Excess iron removal often becomes essential to an overall metal recovery circuit. This is particularly important to processes involving iron-bearing minerals. A technique, which involved the use of pyrite to generate acid for leaching, for iron removal is critical to enabling the process. Iron removal using CaO or similar reagents is expensive and often results in lost product. In the present study, various compounds that facilitate jarosite formation, namely Na2SO4, NH4OH, KCl, and KOH, were utilized and their effect in precipitation was observed. Visual Minteq assisted simulations were run in order to evaluate favorable conditions for iron removal. Morphology and elemental composition of precipitates were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and the phase purity was identified using X-ray diffraction analysis.
Probiotics Have the Potential to Significantly Mitigate the Environmental Impact of Freshwater Fish Farms
Authors: Nathanailides Cosmas , Kolygas Markos , Choremi Konstantina , Mavraganis Theodoros , Gouva Evangelia , Vidalis Kosmas , Athanassopoulou Fotini
Published: December 2021

Probiotics for freshwater fish farming can be administered as single or multiple mixtures. The expected benefits of probiotics include disease prophylaxis, improved growth, and feed conversion parameters, such as the feed conversion rate (FCR) and specific growth rate (SGR). In the current work, we review the impact of probiotics on freshwater finfish aquaculture. Data were gathered from articles published during the last decade that examined the effects of probiotics on fish growth, FCR, and water quality in freshwater fishponds/tanks. While the expected benefits of probiotics are significant, the reviewed data indicate a range in the level of effects, with an average reduction in ammonia of 50.7%, SGR increase of 17.1%, and FCR decrease of 10.7%. Despite the variability in the reported benefits, probiotics appear to offer a practical solution for sustainable freshwater aquaculture. Disease prophylaxis with probiotics can reduce the need for antibiotics and maintain gut health and feed conversion. Considering that fish feed and waste are two significant parameters of the aquaculture ecological footprint, it can be argued that probiotics can contribute to reducing the environmental impact of aquaculture. In this direction, it would be beneficial if more researchers incorporated water quality parameters in future aquaculture research and protocols to minimize aquaculture’s environmental impact.
Molecular Biology in Treatment Decision Processes—Neuro-Oncology Edition
Authors: Krauze Andra V. , Camphausen Kevin
Published: December 2021

Computational approaches including machine learning, deep learning, and artificial intelligence are growing in importance in all medical specialties as large data repositories are increasingly being optimised. Radiation oncology as a discipline is at the forefront of large-scale data acquisition and well positioned towards both the production and analysis of large-scale oncologic data with the potential for clinically driven endpoints and advancement of patient outcomes. Neuro-oncology is comprised of malignancies that often carry poor prognosis and significant neurological sequelae. The analysis of radiation therapy mediated treatment and the potential for computationally mediated analyses may lead to more precise therapy by employing large scale data. We analysed the state of the literature pertaining to large scale data, computational analysis, and the advancement of molecular biomarkers in neuro-oncology with emphasis on radiation oncology. We aimed to connect existing and evolving approaches to realistic avenues for clinical implementation focusing on low grade gliomas (LGG), high grade gliomas (HGG), management of the elderly patient with HGG, rare central nervous system tumors, craniospinal irradiation, and re-irradiation to examine how computational analysis and molecular science may synergistically drive advances in personalised radiation therapy (RT) and optimise patient outcomes.
Flexible Memory Device Composed of Metal-Oxide and Two-Dimensional Material (SnO2/WTe2) Exhibiting Stable Resistive Switching
Authors: Dastgeer Ghulam , Afzal Amir Muhammad , Aziz Jamal , Hussain Sajjad , Jaffery Syed Hassan Abbas , Kim Deok-kee , Imran Muhammad , Assiri Mohammed Ali
Published: December 2021

Two-terminal, non-volatile memory devices are the fundamental building blocks of memory-storage devices to store the required information, but their lack of flexibility limits their potential for biological applications. After the discovery of two-dimensional (2D) materials, flexible memory devices are easy to build, because of their flexible nature. Here, we report on our flexible resistive-switching devices, composed of a bilayer tin-oxide/tungsten-ditelluride (SnO2/WTe2) heterostructure sandwiched between Ag (top) and Au (bottom) metal electrodes over a flexible PET substrate. The Ag/SnO2/WTe2/Au flexible devices exhibited highly stable resistive switching along with an excellent retention time. Triggering the device from a high-resistance state (HRS) to a low-resistance state (LRS) is attributed to Ag filament formation because of its diffusion. The conductive filament begins its development from the anode to the cathode, contrary to the formal electrochemical metallization theory. The bilayer structure of SnO2/WTe2 improved the endurance of the devices and reduced the switching voltage by up to 0.2 V compared to the single SnO2 stacked devices. These flexible and low-power-consumption features may lead to the construction of a wearable memory device for data-storage purposes.
Mechanical Stability of Screw-Retained Monolithic and Bi-layer Posterior Hybrid Abutment Crowns after Thermomechanical Loading: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Spitznagel Frank A. , Bonfante Estevam A. , Campos Tiago M. B. , Vollmer Maximilian A. , Boldt Johannes , Doerken Sam , Gierthmuehlen Petra C.
Published: December 2021

To evaluate the failure-load and survival-rate of screw-retained monolithic and bi-layered crowns bonded to titanium-bases before and after mouth-motion fatigue, 72 titanium-implants (SICvantage-max, SIC-invent-AG) were restored with three groups (n = 24) of screw-retained CAD/CAM implant-supported-single-crowns (ISSC) bonded to titanium-bases: porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM-control), porcelain-fused-to-zirconia (PFZ-test) and monolithic LDS (LDS-test). Half of the specimens (n = 12/group) were subjected to fatigue in a chewing-simulator (1.2 million cycles, 198 N, 1.67 Hz, thermocycling 5–55 °C). All samples were exposed to single-load-to-failure without (PFM0, PFZ0, LDS0) or with fatigue (PFM1, PFZ1, LDS1). Comparisons were statistically analyzed with t-tests and regression-models and corrected for multiple-testing using the Student–Neuman–Keuls method. All PFM and LDS crowns survived fatigue exposure, whereas 16.7% of PFZ showed chipping failures. The mean failure-loads (±SD) were: PFM0: 2633 ± 389 N, PFM1: 2349 ± 578 N, PFZ0: 2152 ± 572 N, PFZ1: 1686 ± 691 N, LDS0: 2981 ± 798 N, LDS1: 2722 ± 497 N. Fatigue did not influence load to failure of any group. PFZ ISSC showed significantly lower failure-loads than monolithic-LDS regardless of artificial aging (p < 0.05). PFM ISSC showed significantly higher failure loads after fatigue than PFZ (p = 0.032). All ISSC failed in a range above physiological chewing forces. Premature chipping fractures might occur in PFZ ISSC. Monolithic-LDS ISSC showed high reliability as an all-ceramic material for screw-retained posterior hybrid-abutment-crowns.
A Decision Support System for Face Sketch Synthesis Using Deep Learning and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Azhar Irfan , Sharif Muhammad , Raza Mudassar , Khan Muhammad Attique , Yong Hwan-Seung
Published: December 2021

The recent development in the area of IoT technologies is likely to be implemented extensively in the next decade. There is a great increase in the crime rate, and the handling officers are responsible for dealing with a broad range of cyber and Internet issues during investigation. IoT technologies are helpful in the identification of suspects, and few technologies are available that use IoT and deep learning together for face sketch synthesis. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and other constructs of deep learning have become major tools in recent approaches. A new-found architecture of the neural network is anticipated in this work. It is called Spiral-Net, which is a modified version of U-Net fto perform face sketch synthesis (the phase is known as the compiler network C here). Spiral-Net performs in combination with a pre-trained Vgg-19 network called the feature extractor F. It first identifies the top n matches from viewed sketches to a given photo. F is again used to formulate a feature map based on the cosine distance of a candidate sketch formed by C from the top n matches. A customized CNN configuration (called the discriminator D) then computes loss functions based on differences between the candidate sketch and the feature. Values of these loss functions alternately update C and F. The ensemble of these nets is trained and tested on selected datasets, including CUFS, CUFSF, and a part of the IIT photo–sketch dataset. Results of this modified U-Net are acquired by the legacy NLDA (1998) scheme of face recognition and its newer version, OpenBR (2013), which demonstrate an improvement of 5% compared with the current state of the art in its relevant domain.
SE-CPPA: A Secure and Efficient Conditional Privacy-Preserving Authentication Scheme in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks
Authors: Al-Shareeda Mahmood A. , Anbar Mohammed , Manickam Selvakumar , Hasbullah Iznan H.
Published: December 2021

Communications between nodes in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs) are inherently vulnerable to security attacks, which may mean disruption to the system. Therefore, the security and privacy issues in VANETs are entitled to be the most important. To address these issues, the existing Conditional Privacy-Preserving Authentication (CPPA) schemes based on either public key infrastructure, group signature, or identity have been proposed. However, an attacker could impersonate an authenticated node in these schemes for broadcasting fake messages. Besides, none of these schemes have satisfactorily addressed the performance efficiency related to signing and verifying safety traffic-related messages. For resisting impersonation attacks and achieving better performance efficiency, a Secure and Efficient Conditional Privacy-Preserving Authentication (SE-CPPA) scheme is proposed in this paper. The proposed SE-CPPA scheme is based on the cryptographic hash function and bilinear pair cryptography for the signing and verifying of messages. Through security analysis and comparison, the proposed SE-CPPA scheme can accomplish security goals in terms of formal and informal analysis. More precisely, to resist impersonation attacks, the true identity of the vehicle stored in the tamper-proof device (TPD) is frequently updated, having a short period of validity. Since the MapToPoint hash function and a large number of cryptography operations are not employed, simulation results show that the proposed SE-CPPA scheme outperforms the existing schemes in terms of computation and communication costs. Finally, the proposed SE-CPPA scheme reduces the computation costs of signing the message and verifying the message by 99.95% and 35.93%, respectively. Meanwhile, the proposed SE-CPPA scheme reduces the communication costs of the message size by 27.3%.
Detecting the Severity of Socio-Spatial Conflicts Involving Wild Boars in the City Using Social Media Data
Authors: Dudzińska Małgorzata , Dawidowicz Agnieszka
Published: December 2021

The encroachment of wild boars into urban areas is a growing problem. The occurrence of wild boars in cities leads to conflict situations. Socio-spatial conflicts can escalate to a varied degree. Assessments of these conflicts can be performed by analyzing spatial data concerning the affected locations and wild boar behaviors. The collection of spatial data is a laborious and costly process that requires access to urban surveillance systems, in addition to regular analyses of intervention reports. A supporting method for assessing the risk of wild boar encroachment and socio-spatial conflict in cities was proposed in the present study. The developed approach relies on big data, namely, multimedia and descriptive data that are on social media. The proposed method was tested in the city of Olsztyn in Poland. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the applicability of data crowdsourced from a popular social networking site for determining the location and severity of conflicts. A photointerpretation method and the kernel density estimation (KDE) tool implemented in ArcGIS Desktop 10.7.1 software were applied in the study. The proposed approach fills a gap in the application of crowdsourcing data to identify types of socio-spatial conflicts involving wild boars in urban areas. Validation of the results with reports of calls to intervention services showed the high coverage of this approach and thus the usefulness of crowdsourcing data.
Plastic ‘Highways’ to the Sea: The Problem of Litter in English Inland Waterways
Authors: Davey Samantha
Published: December 2021

There is a conspicuous lacuna in the Environmental Protection Act (EPA) 1990 because it imposes no legal duty on statutory bodies to clear litter from aquatic environments (rivers, canals and lakes) in England and Wales. This paper identifies a significant gap in the law on aquatic environmental protection by undertaking doctrinal research, including contextual analysis of references to rivers in ‘soft’ law (e.g., policy documents such as the Conservative Government’s Litter Strategy) and ‘hard law’ (e.g., legislation including the EPA 1990); an examination of the problems with existing legal frameworks in this sphere and an exploration of legislative and practical measures which could protect our rivers and other inland waterways from litter. A legislative amendment to the EPA is proposed with discussion of whether imposing a duty on an existing body or a new, specialised body to clear litter from rivers will ameliorate these problems. The intention behind this paper is to initiate an informed debate on how to protect aquatic environments from the harmful effects of litter.
Crecimiento y rendimiento del ajonjolí (Sesamum indicum L.) bajo la acción de dos bioles
Authors: Montoya Bazán José Leonardo , Héctor Ardisana Eduardo Fidel , Torres García Antonio , Fosado Téllez Osvaldo
Published: December 2021

Growth and yield of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) under the action of two bioles

Resumen

Los estudios sobre alternativas orgánicas de fertilización son una tendencia mundial, por su incidencia favorable en el consumo saludable de alimentos y la preservación del ambiente. En ese contexto se produce esta investigación, cuyo objetivo fue evaluar las respuestas del crecimiento y el rendimiento del ajonjolí (Sesamum indicum L.) a la aplicación de dos bioles. Para ello se empleó un diseño de bloques al azar con tres réplicas y cuatro tratamientos: Biol 1 (estiércol bovino y residuos diversos), Biol 2 (microorganismos eficientes), fertilización química (urea, superfosfato triple y cloruro de potasio 50-25-50) y suelo sin fertilizar. Se evaluaron dos variables del crecimiento (altura de carga y altura de la planta) y cuatro variables del rendimiento (longitud de las cápsulas, cápsulas por planta, semillas por cápsula y rendimiento en t.ha-1). No se obtuvieron diferencias significativas debidas a los tratamientos en las variables del crecimiento. En las variables del rendimiento, la fertilización química produjo rendimientos significativamente superiores a los bioles, y los rendimientos alcanzados con estos fueron siempre superiores a los obtenidos de las plantas no fertilizadas. Se recomienda estudiar el efecto de otras dosis de los bioles y combinarlos cn fertilizantes químicos como alternativa orgánica que permita obtener rendimientos similares a un menor costo ambiental.

Palabras clave: bioles; ajonjolí; Sesamum indicum L.; bioestimulantes.

Abstract

Studies on organic fertilization alternatives are a global trend, due to their favorable impact on the healthy consumption of food and the preservation of the environment. In this context, this research is carried out, whose objective was to evaluate the growth and yield responses of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) to the application of two bioles. For this, a randomized block design with three replications and four treatments was used: Biol 1 (bovine manure and various wastes), Biol 2 (efficient microorganisms), chemical fertilization (urea, triple superphosphate and potassium chloride 50-25-50) and soil without fertilizing. Two variables of the growth (height of load and height of the plant) and four variables of the yield were evaluated (length of the capsules, capsules by plant, seeds by capsule and yield in t.ha-1). No significant differences were obtained due to the treatments in the growth variables. In the yield variables, chemical fertilization produced yields significantly higher than bioles, and the yields achieved with them were always higher than those obtained from unfertilized plants. It is recommended to study the effect of other doses of bioles and combine them with chemical fertilizers as an organic alternative that allows to obtain similar yields at a lower environmental cost.

Keywords: bioles; sesame; Sesamum indicum L.; biostimulants
Análisis y comparación de las metodologías de calculo de gases de efecto invernadero en el contexto urbano.
Authors: Rivas Cobo Carlos Alfredo , Jarre Castro Emilio José , Antequera Zamudio Christian
Published: December 2021

Analysis and comparison of greenhouse gas calculation methodologies in the urban context

Últimamente los esfuerzos para disminuir el efecto invernadero antrópico se están redoblando por parte de las administraciones, el calentamiento global es un hecho demostrado por la comunidad científica. Los gobiernos nacionales se han comprometido a disminuir sus emisiones. A esta lucha por parte de los gobiernos nacionales se han unido los gobiernos municipales, ya que las ciudades serán una de las principales damnificadas por el cambio climático y uno de los máximos focos de emisión. Se analizan las principales metodologías de cálculo y sus diferencias para calcular los gases de efecto invernadero (GEI) producidos en el contexto urbano

Palabras clave: Cambio Climático; Calculo Urbano; Efecto invernadero.

Abstract

Lately, efforts to reduce the anthropogenic greenhouse effect are being redoubled by administrations, global warming is a fact demonstrated by the scientific community. National governments have committed to reduce their emissions. The municipal governments have joined this fight that national governments are part of, since the cities will be one of the main victims of climate change and one of the main sources of emissions. The main calculation methodologies and their differences to calculate the greenhouse gases (GHG) produced in the urban context are analyzed.

Keywords: Climate Change; Greenhouse effect; Urban Calculus.
Análisis de la cadena agroalimentaria del coco (cocos nucifera) en la provincia de Manabí, Ecuador
Authors: Romero Delgado Valeria Monserrate , Rosado Zambrano Genessis Valeria , Sablón Cossío Neyfe , Burbano Mera Luzmila
Published: December 2021

Analysis of the agri-food chain of coconut (cocos nucifera) in the province of Manabí, Ecuador

Resumen

El sector cocotero representa uno de los sectores agrícolas que ayuda a sostener la economía de la provincia de Manabí, sin embargo, presenta debilidades en su gestión productiva y de comercialización, además de ausencia de datos en su manejo alrededor de Manabí. El objetivo del presente estudio es caracterizar la cadena agroalimentaria de coco en Manabí, mediante la identificación de los actores y las debilidades del sector, a través de entrevistas y el mapeo de la cadena. Los resultados detallan que existen seis eslabones, treinta y cuatro productores, treinta y nueve comerciantes mayoristas y distribuidores, diez fabricantes (transformadores) y setenta y siete vendedores. El aporte de esta investigación es social y práctica, debido a que se enfoca en generar información sobre una cadena poco analizada en la provincia, y en donde se sitúan gran parte de la población vulnerable de la zona.

Palabras clave: Gestión productiva; integración; cadena agroalimentaria, coco, desarrollo y sostenibilidad.

Abstract

The coconut sector represents one of the agricultural sectors that helps to sustain the economy of the province of Manabí, however, it presents weaknesses in its production and marketing management, in addition to the absence of data on its management around Manabí. The objective of this study is to characterize the coconut agri-food chain in Manabí, by identifying the actors and the weaknesses of the sector, through interviews and mapping the chain. The results detail that there are six links, thirty-four producers, thirty-nine wholesalers and distributors, ten manufacturers (transformers) and seventy-seven sellers. The contribution of this research is social and practical, because it focuses on generating information about a chain that is little analyzed in the province, and where a large part of the vulnerable population of the area is located.

Keywords: Productive management; integration; agri-food chain, coconut, development and sustainability.
Estudio de trampa con atrayentes: feromona de agregación y frutas vegetales para capturas de adultos de “Gualpas” (Rhynchophorus palmarum) y “Picudos rallados” (Metamasius sericeus) en cocotero
Authors: Cuadrado Chang María Llyllina , Vera Delgado Hebert
Published: December 2021

La presente investigación se realizó en la Hcda. “El Quemado” ubicada en el cantón Jama, provincia de Manabí, República del Ecuador, en los meses de enero a marzo de la estación invernal del 2011.   El objetivo fue lograr medidas alternativas para el fracaso del control químico en controlar daños categorizados como graves con incrementos espectaculares de muertes de palmas en los cultivos de cocotero de la región, causados por el complejo fitosanitario “Gualpa – anillo rojo”. El insecto, gualpa (Rhynchophorus  palmarum L.) a más del daño físico en las palmas, también es vector del nemátodo Bursaphelenchus cocophilus Cobb 1919 agente causal de la enfermedad “anillo rojo” que irremediablemente causa la muerte de la palma al bloquear los accesos y fluido de savia en la planta. Entonces la alternativa lógica es experimentar sustancias y/o métodos que permitan capturas del insecto adulto que es el agente causal del complejo fitosanitario.También se establecieron capturas inesperadas del picudo rallado Metamasius sericeus que en otros países también es considerado como vector importante del “anillo rojo”, lo cual induce a que se establezcan sistemas de vigilancia o monitoreo para el seguimiento de este vector, que según reportes se ha establecido que en su estilete y tracto digestivo aloja microorganismos  fitopatógenos como bacterias del género Erwinia y Pseudomonas, y de los hongos Fusarium y Ceratocistis. 

Palabras claves: Muerte de palmas, Cultivos de cocoteros, fitosanitario, Gualpa, anillo rojo, insecto, gualpa, hynchophorus palmarum, Bursaphelenchus cocophilus Cobb
Diagnóstico de normas procedimentales de los mataderos municipales de la provincia de Manabí, según la Norma HACCP
Authors: Calero Moreira Joel René
Published: December 2021

Este proyecto se desarrolló con el objetivo de evaluar el estado higiénico sanitario, infraestructura, operatividad, cumplimiento de la ley de faenamiento en los mataderos municipales de la provincia de Manabí basándose en las normas vigentes en la República del Ecuador y pauta HACCP (Análisis de Peligros, Control de Puntos Críticos), con la finalidad de mejorar las técnicas de faenamiento para obtener un producto de calidad y de buenas bondades organolépticas obteniend los siguientes resultados: Conformidad 8.72%, no conformidad mayor 74.70%, no conformidad menor 16.58%, lo que muestra claramente las falencias que se comenten a diario durante el proceso de faenamiento en bovinos y porcinos, repercutiendo así en el producto final. Una vez obtenidos y analizados estos resultados se elaboró una propuesta en procura de mejoras como la construcción de nuevos mataderos según el Codex Alimentarius y las Normas HACCP, de acuerdo al control de calidad de los productos destinados para el consumo humano. Así mismo se capacitó al personal que labora en los diferentes mataderos de la provincia de Manabí sobre lo relacionado con Buenas Prácticas de Manejo (BPM), Normas de higiene y sanidad, como los Procedimientos Operativos Estandarizados de Saneamiento (POES) entre otros. 

Palabras claves: HACCP, Estándares, Conformidad, Conformidad Mayor, Conformidad menor, inocuidad.
Las tecnologías de las informáticas y las comunicaciones, la competitividad y el trabajo por cuenta propia en Cuba
Authors: Gallardo Cannavacciuolo Ricardo Manuel , Martínez Fernández Helens , Cruz Aguilera Nolberto , Cruz Aguilera Arnel
Published: December 2021

A lo largo de la literatura especializada son abundantes los trabajos que estudian la incidencia de las TIC en el crecimiento económico de los países, así como su aportación a la generación de ventajas competitivas en las organizaciones que las incorporan en sus procesos. A nivel de empresa, los estudios han sido muy diversos, difiriendo en las muestras utilizadas, los sectores revisados, las metodologías y las variables empleadas, y los resultados obtenidos. En este sentido, los estudios empíricos han demostrado la existencia de una relación positiva entre estas tecnologías y variables de resultados tales como el valor de mercado, los beneficios, o la productividad; siendo este último uno de los indicadores más utilizados. La exposición a una economía tan dinámica como la de estos tiempos, hace que cualquier iniciativa económica deba afrontarse con una perspectiva amplia del futuro, del entorno y de la competencia, muy distinta a la óptica tradicional. Esto incide en la forma de planificar y desarrollarla incluyendo el aspecto tecnológico, uno de los sectores protagonistas del mundo de hoy. Cuba presenta dificultades con las tecnologías existentes y vinculadas a las nuevas estrategias del estado donde no tiene participación directa el trabajo por cuenta propia, debido a las limitaciones existentes en los servicios fundamentales para la sociedad. De esta forma, la sistematización y contextualización de estos elementos permite que el objetivo que se persigue con la investigación sea contextualizar los elementos teórico-conceptuales y metodológicos, particularizando en la necesidad de su evaluación como un insumo importante para la planificación del desarrollo.
Al encuentro con la naturaleza. Formación de docentes y retos de la educación socioambiental en el contexto mexicano
Authors: Rodríguez Guzmán Lucia , Aguilar Villegas Arturo
Published: December 2021

En este trabajo se recuperan algunas de las vertientes de la educación ambiental para la sustentabilidad. Se aplicó una encuesta a 332 estudiantes de licenciatura en Educación con el propósito de identificar si los futuros docentes consideran importante lo referente a la naturaleza. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto que sólo el 10 % de los participantes, principalmente mujeres, le otorgaron prioridad a la cuestión ambiental. Se propone la inclusión urgente de tales tópicos en todos los espacios curriculares de las instituciones formadoras de docentes.
Efecto de eliminar subsidio al gas para uso doméstico en el Ecuador
Authors: Villavicencio Mora Mario Iván , Ruiz Cedeño Monserrate
Published: December 2021

Las pérdidas y los costos adicionales que tiene Ecuador debido a la falta de control fronterizo y al contrabando del gas de uso doméstico son millonarios, el subsidio no se está focalizando y no existe un esquema eficiente para beneficiar a los sectores más necesitados. Elementos que demuestran el alto grado de irresponsabilidad del país en el cuidado de este recurso no renovable. El estudio realizado analiza el impacto que esto genera en las esferas fiscal, económica, política y social. Actualmente es posible eliminar el subsidio al gas para uso doméstico en Ecuador, sin generar un revés político o incertidumbre económica en la población, si la entrega de este recurso se asigna a los sectores deprimidos de la sociedad a partir de la aplicación de nuevas tecnologías y utilizando información depurada de los ministerios de bienestar social, hidrocarburos y electricidad. El objetivo de la investigación es determinar el beneficio que causa al Ecuador, en el momento económico actual en que vive, eliminar este subsidio. Al cuantificar las cifras de consumo, producción e importación, se determinan los costos que genera este subsidio y los escenarios que pueden permitirle al Estado ecuatoriano obtener ahorros y hacer entrega eficiente y coherente del gas de uso doméstico, generando así la eliminación de los daños existentes y creando beneficios para la clase pobre del país.
Evaluación de la gestión de proveedores en la Universidad de Holguín
Authors: Torres Avila Vilmaris , Gallardo Cannavacciuolo Ricardo Manuel , Martínez Hernández Helens , Leyva Zaragoza Leticia
Published: December 2021

La presente investigación trabaja con la aplicación de una herramienta prescriptiva que apoya la gestión de proveedores para su evaluación en el orden teórico metodológico en la Universidad de Holguín, Cuba. Consiste en un procedimiento que incide en la toma de decisiones económicas a través de la minimización de errores en el proceso de gestión de proveedores: denota el lugar de entrega según las condiciones pactadas, así como la comunicación frecuente de conformidad de ambas partes en cuanto a cambios o imprevistos que pueden suceder durante la comercialización y la calidad del producto o servicio ofertado. De manera directa, a través de métodos como: la observación, entrevistas no estructuradas y métodos estadísticos matemáticos se restablece desde el punto de vista organizativo y funcional la verificación de productos comprados y el proceso de adquisición de mercancías que satisfacen las necesidades de la entidad. Los principales resultados contribuyen a la reestructuración del proceso de diagnóstico, evaluación y control de la gestión de proveedores, la efectividad del proceso decisional, además de permitir la identificación de problemas y su solución en los marcos de la gestión de aprovisionamiento.