bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cornual Ectopic Pregnancy: a Case series and Literature review
Authors: Fessehaye Abraham , Gashawbeza Biruck
Published: January 2024

Background: Cornual (interstitial) ectopic pregnancy is an uncommon type
of ectopic pregnancy which accounts for 2%-4% of all ectopic
pregnancies. It often poses a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge with
a high mortality risk as a result of massive intraperitoneal bleeding.
We report review of three cases of cornual ectopic pregnancy. Objective:
To describe clinical presentation and management of cornual ectopic
pregnancy cases Methods: Three cases of cornual ectopic pregnancy were
retrospectively analyzed Results: Successful cornual wedge resection and
removal of products of conception was performed in two cases (one
ruptured and the other unruptured), while the 3rd case (ruptured with
massive hemorrhage) was managed with hysterectomy. Conclusion: Early
diagnosis of cornual ectopic pregnancy gives patients a wider
opportunity to have conservative management either with MTX or
laparascopic surgery. However; whenever there is hemodynamic
instability, laparotomy with either cornual resection or hysterectomy is
advisable.
On the existence and uniqueness of the solution of a nonlinear fractional differential equation with integral boundary condition
Authors: Shivanian Elyas
Published: January 2024

This work studies the existence and the uniqueness of the solution to a
kind of high-order nonlinear fractional differential equations involving
Rieman-Liouville fractional derivative. The boundary condition is of
integral type which entangles both starting and ending points of the
domain. First, the unique exact solution is extracted in terms of
Green’s function for the linear fractional differential equation and
then Banach contraction mapping theorem is applied to prove the main
result in the case of general nonlinear source term. Furthermore, our
main result is demonstrated by an illustrative example to show its
legitimacy and applicability.
Mitochondrial Genome Recombination in Somatic Hybrids of Solanum commersonii and S. tuberosum
Authors: Cho Kwang-Soo , Lee Hyun-Oh , Lee Sang-Choon , Park Hyun-Jin , Seo Jin-Hee , Cho Ji-Hong , Park Young-Eun , Choi Jang-Gyu , Yang Tae-Jin
Published: January 2024

Interspecific somatic hybridization has been performed in potato
breeding experiments to increase plant resistance against biotic and
abiotic stress conditions. We analyzed the mitochondrial and plastid
genomes and 45S nuclear ribosomal DNA (45S rDNA) for the cultivated
potato (S. tuberosum, St), wild potato (S. commersonii,
Sc), and their somatic hybrid (StSc). Complex genome components and
structure, such as the hybrid form of 45S rDNA in StSc, unique plastome
in Sc, and recombinant mitogenome were identified. However, the
mitogenome exhibited dynamic multipartite structures in both species as
well as in the somatic hybrid. In St, the mitogenome is 756,058 bp and
is composed of five subgenomes ranging from 297,014 to 49,171 bp in St.
In Sc, it is 552,103 bp long and is composed of two sub-genomes of
338,427 and 213,676 bp length. StSc has 447,645 bp long mitogenome with
two subgenomes of length 398,439 and 49,206 bp. The mitogenome structure
exhibited dynamic recombination mediated by tandem repeats; however, it
contained highly conserved genes in the three species. Among the 35
protein-coding genes of the StSc mitogenome, 21 were identical for all
the three species, and 12 and 2 were unique in Sc and St, respectively.
The recombinant mitogenome might be derived from homologous
recombination between both species during somatic hybrid development.
A chromosome-level genome assembly of Eupeodes corollae provides insights into aphid control
Authors: Yuan He , Gao Bojia , Wu Chao , Li hui , Zhang Lei , Xiao Yutao , Wu Kongming
Published: January 2024

The hoverfly, Eupeodes corollae (Diptera: Syrphidae), is an economically
important insect that provides dual ecosystem services including aphid
control and pollination. Here we present a 595-Mb chromosome-level
reference genome of E. corollae with contig N50 length of 1,794 kb. With
Hi-C scaffolding, about 570.8 Mb (96.0%) of the assembled contigs were
anchored into 4 chromosomes, and 51.47% repeat sequences and 23,374
gene models were predicted in the genome. Comparative genomics reveals
significant expansion of digestive enzyme gene families in E. corollae
compared to other dipteran species. Furthermore, there was also
significant expansion of cytochrome CYP6 subfamily genes in E. corollae,
with tandem arrangements on the genome. Several digestive enzymes with
high expression levels at the larval stage might be related to aphid
digestion. The high quality of the E. corollae genome assembly will help
us understand its pest control mechanisms and pollination behaviors and
provide a reference for other natural enemies of pests and promoting the
use of beneficial insects.
Characterising the Type and Impact of Prescribing Errors in a University Health Board
Authors: Paranjape Aniket , Carson-Stevens Andrew , James K L
Published: January 2024

Medication incidents result in global economic burden and cause
avoidable patient harm. Prescribing errors constitute 18.5% of all
medication incidents. Aim: Establish incidence, types, potential harm
and medicines involved in prescribing errors in Welsh University
Hospital Health Board. Medication chart review by medical student
undertaken to identify prescribing errors highlighted by pharmacists.
Pilot study conducted to ensure student was adequately trained. Data
collected on wards representing medicine, surgery, mental health and
specialist services. All in-patient prescriptions included. Potential
harm to patients categorised via consensus panel using WHO definitions.
366 prescribing errors identified in 2161 prescriptions (16.9%). Of 206
patient charts, 148 charts contained ≥1 prescribing errors (71.8%).
Three most common errors were ‘No maximum 24-hour dose specified’
(n=59), ‘Wrong dose of drug’ (n=53) and ‘No indication’ (n=37). 110
medications implicated but ten medications constituted 43.2% of all
errors (n=158). Morphine (n=38), enoxaparin (n=30) and paracetamol
(n=22) were most erroneously prescribed medications. 244(66.7%) errors
had potential for no patient harm, 56(15.3%) mild, 47(12.8%) moderate,
17(4.6%) severe, and 2(0.5%) had potential for death. Decision-making
errors (34.5%, n=130) less common than prescription-writing errors
(65.5%, n=236) but had greater harm potential; 70.0%(n=85) of all
errors with harm potential were decision-making errors. Error rate
(16.9%) comparable to previous research (7.5-14.7%). ‘Wrong dose of
drug’ was a harmful error which may be ameliorated by electronic
prescribing systems incorporating ‘clinical decision support’.
Prevalence of ‘No indication’ errors makes strong case for
indication-based prescribing. Future studies should employ this
methodology to collect data post implementation of electronic
prescribing.
Clinical outcomes in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation after technologic advances including contact-force guided and ablation index-guided ablation
Authors: Jeon Won Kyeong , Lee So-Ryoung , Choi Eue-Keun , Oh Seil
Published: January 2024

Introduction: We aimed to evaluate the influence of technological
advances on ablation outcomes in patients with persistent atrial
fibrillation (AF) (PeAF). Radiofrequency ablation for patients with AF
has advanced, including contact force (CF)-sensing catheters and the
ablation index (AI). Methods: Between 2009 and 2018, we analyzed 173
patients with PeAF who underwent catheter ablation. We categorized them
into three groups: AF ablation without CF and AI information (no-CF
group, n=63), with CF without AI (CF-only group, n=49), and with optimal
AI-guided ablation (AI group, n=61). Early (within 3 months, ER) and
late (from 3 months to 1 year, LR) AF recurrence after ablation were
assessed. Procedure-related complications were also evaluated. Results:
The baseline characteristics were similar among the 3 groups, excluding
the baseline antiarrhythmic drug history. Additional substrate
modification after pulmonary vein isolation was significantly low in
frequency in the AI group (71.4%, no-CF; 69.4%, CF-only; 41.0%, AI,
p=0.001). The AI group had a shorter mean procedure-related time than
the other groups. Both ER and LR of PeAF showed a trend of reduction
with technological advances. With a short experience (less than 1 year),
the CF-only group showed more ER and LR than that shown by the AI group.
However, with a long experience (more than 1 year), ER and LR occurred
similarly in the two groups. Procedure-related complications improved
with technological advances. Conclusion: As ablation technology
advanced, favorable clinical outcomes with short procedural times were
observed. However, prospective, large multicenter studies are needed to
verify these results.
Mesothelioma with ALK gene mutations in two Paediatric Patients: Clinical course and outcome
Authors: Kimpo Miriam , Quah Thuan Chong , Francisco Krista , Lian Derrick , Nyo Yoke Lin , Vidyadhar Mali , Loh Dale , Prabhakaran Krishnan
Published: January 2024

Mesothelioma is rare in children and more common in adults for whom
outcome is dismal. We diagnosed and treated two patients. Both had
peritoneal tumors which harbor ALK gene mutations. Clinical
presentations included cervical adenopathies with thromboses of neck
veins and extensive peritoneal tumors encasing the different organs in
the abdomen. Both had surgery and chemotherapy. Patient one has residual
disease that has been stable for ten years. Both patients received oral
Crizotinib. We describe the clinical course and outcome and give a brief
summary of ALK inhibitors for mesothelioma in children.
Trophic energy flows increase in more diverse communities of coastal food webs: Testing the vertical diversity hypothesis
Authors: Okuda Noboru , Karube Zin’ichi , Sakai Yoichiro , Takeyama Tomohiro , Tayasu Ichiro , Yoshimizu Chikage , Nagata Toshi
Published: January 2024

Biomass is a common, universal indicator of ecosystem productivity for
exploring biodiversity–ecosystem functioning (BEF) relationships in all
types of ecosystems. However, positive BEF is often missing in aquatic
consumer communities with multitrophic interactions. Here, we apply a
new indicator, integrated trophic position (iTP), which is defined as
the summed TPs of all consumers weighed by the relative biomass of each
taxon, for multitrophic systems to test the vertical diversity
hypothesis (VDH) that functional diversity can enhance trophic energy
flows within a food web. Using a meta-community of coastal benthic
macroinvertebrates, we demonstrate that iTP increases in more diverse
communities, supporting the VDH. Comparing our results with previous
findings that stream benthic macroinvertebrates exhibit a negative BEF
in contrast to the VDH, we discuss a possible mechanism to explain this
contrasting pattern. Finally, we use a size-based food web approach to
deepen our mechanistic understanding of the observed BEF.
Central high mobility group box-1 induces mechanical hypersensitivity with spinal microglial activation in a mouse model of hemi-Parkinson's disease
Authors: Sato Fumiaki , Nakamura Yoki , Ma Simeng , Kochi Takahiro , Hisaoka-Nakashima Kazue , Wang Dengli , Liu Keyue , Wake Hidenori , Nishibori Masahiro , Morioka Norimitsu
Published: January 2024

Background and Purpose: Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients often complain
of pain, but this problem has been neglected and is poorly understood.
High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), an alarmin/damage-associated
molecular patterns protein, is increased in the cerebrospinal fluid in
PD patients. However, little is known of the relationship between HMGB1
and pain associated with PD. Here, we investigated the role of central
HMGB1 in the regulation of nociceptive hypersensitivity in a mouse model
of PD. Experimental Approach: Male ddY mice were microinjected
unilaterally with 6-hydroxydopamine (6OHDA) into the striatum. These
hemi-PD mice were treated with anti-HMGB1 neutralizing antibody (nAb; 10
µg in 10 µL) by intranasal (i.n.) administration. The mechanical
hypersensitivity of the hind paws was evaluated with the von Frey test.
Spinal microglial activity was analyzed by immunostaining for ionized
calcium-binding adapter molecule 1. Key Results: The 6OHDA-administered
mice displayed unilateral loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia
nigra and mechanical hypersensitivity in both hind paws. Moreover,
spinal microglia were activated in these hemi-PD mice. Twenty-eight days
after the 6OHDA injections, repeated i.n., but not systemic, treatment
with anti-HMGB1 nAb inhibited the bilateral mechanical hypersensitivity
and spinal microglial activation. However, the anti-HMGB1 nAb did not
ameliorate the dopamine neuron loss. Moreover, intracerebroventricular
injection with recombinant HMGB1 induced mechanical hypersensitivity.
Conclusions and Implications: These findings indicate that HMGB1 is
involved in the maintenance of nociceptive symptoms in hemi-PD mice via
spinal microglial activation. Therefore, central HMGB1 may have
potential as a therapeutic target for pain associated with PD.
Quantitatively Correlating interactions between three intrinsic kinetic processes to in vivo protein kinase occupancy
Authors: Wang Guopeng , Jiang Xiaoquan , Sen Muli , Yang Wenning , Liu Jingtong , Ma Yunyun , Pan Fulu , Yang Haiyang , Chen Hongjiao , Liu Wei , Huang Huating , Zhu Fuqin , Li Xueyan , Liu Yang , Pan Yanli , Wang Zhongjian
Published: January 2024

Background and Purpose: Excellent drug therapy is usually characterized
by longer duration with sufficiently high occupancy on desired target.
Except for classical pharmacokinetics (PK) contribution, binding
kinetics (BK) and target kinetics (TK) are emerging as key role. This
study aims to establish mathematical simulation model of kinase target
engagement by integrating three intrinsic kinetic processes (i.e., PK,
BK and kinase target kinetics, KTK) of interaction between kinase
inhibitors (KIs) and kinase protein. Experimental Approach: Five
half-life ratios, innovative pharmacokinetics-inhibition-kinase kinetics
(PIKK) and diagnostic line plots (DLPs) were generated to assess which
parameters were playing crucial role in the kinases target occupancy
(KTO) decline. PK-BK-TKT model was first developed by a series of
differential equations, and using this model simulated time courses of
protein kinase occupancy. And the temporal kinase selectivity (TKS)
method was firstly developed to judge inhibitor selectivity. Key
Results: By three visualization approaches, key rate-limiting factors
were first identified in kinase occupancy. We first simulated time
course profiles of interaction between 55 approved inhibitors with 55
clinically validated protein kinases. Subsequently, the TKS between 30
inhibitors and 55 protein kinases were generated, and 6 inhibitors were
identified as a highly selective chemical probe for their respective
primary target. Conclusion and Implications: The mathematic model can
describe the entire process of inhibitor-kinase interaction in-depth and
shows extensive applications in many aspects.
Hydroxychloroquine retinopathy in two patients with Sjögren’s syndrome: case report and literature review
Authors: Hu Jie , Zhong Xue , Zhao Mingwei , Xu Mengyao , Zhang Qin
Published: January 2024

Purpose: To study the natural course of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ)
retinopathy, and to discuss the relationship between HCQ and its
toxicity in retina in terms of ATP-binding cassette transporter gene,
ABCR (also known as ABCA4) and HCQ blood level. Methods: Here we
reported two cases of retinopathy associated with HCQ from a tertiary
referral center. We then performed a literature review of studies on HCQ
cessation in patients with HCQ retinopathy. Results: One of them stopped
the HCQ therapy in her early stage of HCQ retinopathy and gained some
regression on visual field testing. The other patient continued to use
HCQ without screening till a severe toxicity in macula was found.
Although she ceased HCQ, aggravation was found. Their HCQ blood level
was 20557.4ng/ml and 402.8ng/ml respectively when they were advised to
stop the treatment. Patient 1 was carrier of transition 6764G
> T and patient 2 was heterozygous for the transition 5844A
> G and 5814A > G . Conclusion : The study
suggests that the integrity of outer retinal layers on OCT as a
remarkable sign of possibility of recovery. But severe damage to macular
structure can hardly regress which emphasizes the importance of HCQ
cessation at an early stage of this disease. To the future, more studies
are needed to better understand the relationship between HCQ retinopathy
and ABCA4 genotypes and blood concentration.
CMMSE: Existence and Uniqueness of Positive Solution for Fractional Differential Equation involving ρ(τ)-Laplacian Operator and Nonlocal Integral Condition
Authors: Borisut Piyachat , Phiangsungnoen Supak
Published: January 2024

This paper aims to investigate the Caputo fractional differential
equation involving ρ(τ) Laplacian operator and nonlocal multi-point of
Riemann-Lioville’s fractional integral. We also prove the uniqueness of
positive solutions for Boyd and Wong’s non-linear contraction via the
Guo-Krasnoselskii fixed point theorems in Banach spaces. Finally, we
illustrate the theoretical results and show that by solving the nonlocal
problems is possible to obtain accurate approximations of the solutions.
Stomatal conductance modeling through model ED2.2
Authors: vieira luciana , Silva Vicente , Dantas Vanessa de Almeida , Santos Aldeize
Published: January 2024

Models that predict the stomatal conductance process (gs) for a given
set of environmental conditions are important, as this process is the
main mechanism that controls the gas exchange of terrestrial plants
absorbing atmospheric CO2. This work presents the results of a
simulation to observe the gs process as a function of soil water
availability (WAP) using an ecosystem demography model (ED2.2). The
results showed that the model was able to reproduce the seasonality of
the gas observed in the field. During periods when there was WAP, gs
increased and the lower availability of water in the soil for the plant
led to reduced photosynthesis due to stomata closure, decreasing
stomatal conductance to reduce water loss. The model results for gross
primary productivity (GPP) were also similar to those observed in the
field, varying around ≈24 MgC.ha-1.yr-1 for the rainy season and ≈23
MgC.ha-1.yr- 1 for the dry season (average 2002 to 2010). The
assimilation of CO2 via NPP and stomatal conductance had an R2 of 0.7
indicating that the assimilation of CO2 was high when there was greater
stomatal conductance, favoring the increase in aboveground biomass in
the model.
The impact of age in acute type A aortic dissection
Authors: Wang Junxia , Xue Yunxing , Zhu Xiyu , Chen Zhong , Zhou Qing , Chong Hoshun , Qu Jason , Wang Dongjin
Published: January 2024

Background: Acute type A aortic dissection (aTAAD) is a lethal disease
and age is an important risk factor for outcomes. This retrospective
study was to analyze the impact of age stratification in aTAAD. Methods:
From January 2011 to December 2019, 1092 aTAAD patients from Nanjing
Drum Tower Hospital received surgical therapy. Patients were divided
into seven groups according to every ten-year interval (20s-80s). The
differences between the groups were analyzed in terms of the baseline
preoperative conditions, surgical methods, and postoperative outcomes of
patients of different age groups. During a median follow-up term of 17
months, the survival rates were compared among seven groups through
Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results: The median age was 52.0 years old in the
whole cohort. The multiple comorbidities were more common in old age
groups (60s, 70s, 80s), while the 20s group patients had the highest
proportion of Marfan syndrome (28.1%). Preoperative hypotension was
highest in 80s (16.7%, P=0.038). Young age groups (20s-60s) had a
higher rate of root replacement and total arch replacement, which led to
a longer duration of operation and hypothermic circulation arrest. The
overall mortality was 14.1%, the tendency of mortality was increased
with age except 20s group (33.3% in 80s, P=0.016). The postoperative
morbidity of gastrointestinal bleeding and bowel ischemia were 16.7%
and 11.1% in 80s group. Conclusion: Age is a major impact factor for
aTAAD surgery. Old patients presented more comorbidities before surgery,
the mortality and complications rate were significantly higher even with
less invasive and conservative surgical therapy.
Coupling strength between omnivory loops and their one-species-delete subloops drives food web stability
Authors: Li Shengpeng , Li Xiaoxiao , Jiang Yueming , Wang Ruyue , Meng Xianhao , Yang Wei , Sun Tao , Ruiter Peter de , Shi Yongtang , Feng Jianfeng
Published: January 2024

A central and fundamental issue in ecology is to understand the
relationship between complexity and stability. Increased empirical
evidences demonstrated no clear relationships between complexity metrics
and stability, and recent food web loop analyses suggested that maximum
loop weight as well as the summation ratio between 3 and 2-link feedback
loop weights could be better estimators of system stability. However,
the importance of longer loops than 3-link on the stability remains
unclear. Here we use 127 marine food webs and the matrix product and
trace method to investigate the relationship between loops with maximum
of 7 links and food web stability. We found that feedback metrics
|a2n+1/a2n|α, i.e., the ratio of the sums of (2n +
1)-link and 2n-link loop weights, are strongly related with stability.
These sum weight ratios can be regarded as the coupling strength between
omnivory loops and their one-species-delete subloops, including the
smallest three species and high-level omnivory ones. Further theoretical
simulations of bioenergetic consumer-resource models with allometric
constraints strengthen this finding. These results suggest that both
longer loops and omnivory are important drivers of the food web
stability.
DEVELOPMENT OF SEEDLING UNDER DIFFERENT SHADING LEVELS: A STUDY ON GROWTH AND PHYSIOLOGICAL VARIABLES
Authors: Santos Aldeize , Pinel Sebastien , Tabaldi Luciane , Kossman isolde , vieira luciana , Tribuzy Edgard
Published: January 2024

Carapa guianensis Aubl., known as andiroba, is a multipurpose tree from
the Amazon. Planted under environmental conditions, there is still no
conclusive data on the light preferences of this species. Thus, the aim
of this study was to evaluate growth and physio- logical variables at
four shading levels (0%, 30%, 50% and 70%). In the first observation
period (≤ 15 months), the relative chlorophyll content (SPAD index)
indicated more efficient carbon gain by photosynthesis under shade
conditions. Gas exchange measurements (20 months) allowed to conclude
that the conditions of exposure to the sun caused photoinhibition. Dry
matter evaluation (24 months) confirmed: 50% shade resulted in the
greatest increase in dry matter for all plant parts (leaves, stems and
roots). This study indicates that this species can give a greater return
in relation to biomass under shading conditions, such as in secondary
forest enrichment or agroforestry systems, at least in the initial phase
of establishment.
the Median Effective Analgesic Concentration (MEAC) of Ropivacaine in Ultrasound-Guided Interscalene Brachial Plexus Block for Postoperative Analgesia after Proximal Humerus Fracture: A Double-Blind up-down Concentration-Finding Study
Authors: Liu Yang , Xu Cheng , Wang Chengyu , Gu Fei , Chen Rui , Zhou Quanhong , Lu Jie
Published: January 2024

Background: This study aimed to determine the median effective analgesic
concentration of 10mL ropivacaine in interscalene brachial plexus block
for postoperative anesthesia in 50% of the patients (EC50). Method:
This study was conducted on 30 patients with ASA grade I or II, who are
planning to undergo proximal humerus fracture operation. A concentration
of 10mL ropivacaine administered for the Interscalene brachial plexus
was determined using the up-and-down sequential. The initial
concentration of ropivacaine in the first patient to receive
interscalene brachial plexus block(ISBPB) was 0.3%, After a successful
or unsuccessful postoperative analgesia, the concentration of local
anesthetic was decreased or increased, respectively, by 0.05% in the
next patient. We defined successful postoperative analgesia as VAS score
below 4 at rest within initial 8 hours after ISBPB. The analytic
techniques of linear, linear-logarithmic, exponential regressions and
centered isotonic regression were used to determine the EC50 of
ropivacaine and the residual standard errors were calculated for the
comparison of “goodness of fit” among the different models. Results:
The concentration of ropivacaine administered ranged from 0.1% to
0.35%. The EC50 (95% confidence interval) from 4 different statistical
approaches (linear, linear-logarithmic, exponential regressions and
centred isotonic regression) were 0.222% (0.198%, 0.335%), 0.233%
(0.215%, 0.453%), 0.223% (0.202%, 0.436%), and 0.232%,
respectively. Among all of the 4 models, the linear regression had the
least residual standard error (0.1676). Conclusion: The EC50 derived
from four statistical models for 10ml ropivacaine in ultrasound-guided
interscalene brachial plexus block for postoperative analgesia was
distributed in a narrow range of 0.222%–0.233%.
Differential strategies for coping with heat stress between two regional typical varieties in cucumber
Authors: Yu Bingwei , Ming Fangyan , Liang Yonggui , Wang Yixi , Gan Yuwei , Qiu Zhengkun , Yan Shuangshuang , Cao Bihao
Published: January 2024

High temperature affects yield and quality of vegetable crops.
Thermotolerant plants have excellent systems for identifying molecular
mechanisms of heat responsive. In this paper, Various heat resistance
indexes of thermotolerant (‘14’) and thermosensitive (‘02’) cucumber
plants were observed at seedling stage, and the similarities and
differences of regulatory genes were detected by transcriptome, so as to
provide a train of thought for studying the effects of heat stress on
the internal mechanism of cucumber. Leaf orientation, photosystem, water
loss, ROS of ‘14’ plants displayed enhancer responsive than that of ‘02’
plants under high temperature. In corresponding, transcriptome analysis
shown that genes in photosynthesis, chlorophyll metabolism and water
homeostasis were upregulated in ‘14’ plants, but downregulated in ‘02’
plants. The content of ZR, BR and JA of ‘14’ plants was more than that
of ‘02’ plants, GA increased in both but higher in ‘14’, IAA and GA were
boosted by heat in ‘14’ and ‘02’ after high temperature stress. Further
correlation and interaction analysis revealed that a small number of
transcription factor family genes and the metabolic pathways corporately
regulate heat responsive. Our study revealed different phenotypic and
physiological mechanisms of heat response in thermotolerant and
thermosensitive cucumber plants, revealed different expression profiles
and preference metabolic pathways between thermotolerant and
thermosensitive plants. The transcription factors and genes that
involved in heat resistance were analyzed comprehensively. Those results
enhanced our understanding on the molecular mechanisms of high
temperature responsive in cucumber.
An increase in auxin-dominated glandular trichome density and blinin content is the manifestation of the adaptation of Conyza blinii to iron stress
Authors: Yang Ming , Zheng Tianrun , Zhan Junyi , Wang Maojia , Zhou Min , Sun Wenjun , Bu Tongliang , Tang Zizhong , Li Qingfeng , Chen Hui
Published: January 2024

Conyza blinin (C. blinii) is a traditional Chinese medicine plant
grown in Sichuan, China. C. blinii is suitable for studying the
tolerance mechanism of plants to iron because of its high iron content.
Our results show that the growth and development of C. blinii is
improved under iron at a specific concentration. Iron increased the
content of endogenous auxin in C. blinii, improving the glandular
trichome (GT) density and the content of blinin, the characteristic
diterpene in C. blinii, which may enhance its tolerance to iron
stress. We used RNA sequencing analysis to explore the differential gene
transcription in C. blinii under iron stress to provide a
reference for the study of other iron-sensitive plants. The results
showed that most of the key enzymes in the blinin synthesis pathway were
upregulated under iron stress. In addition, the process by which
C. blinii responds to iron stress through IAA may be related to
CbHO-1. Taken together, these results suggest that the increase
in GT density and auxin-mediated blinin content improve the growth of
C. blinii under iron stress.
The fitness value of ecological information in a variable world
Authors: Usinowicz Jacob , O'Connor Mary
Published: January 2024

Information processing is increasingly recognized as a fundamental
component of life in variable environments, including the evolved use of
environmental cues, biomolecular networks, and social learning. Despite
this, ecology lacks a quantitative framework for understanding how
population, community, and ecosystem dynamics depend on information
processing. Here, we review the rationale and evidence for ‘fitness
value of information’ (FVOI), and synthesize theoretical work in
ecology, information theory and probability behind this general
mathematical framework. The FVOI quantifies how species’ per capita
population growth rates can depend on the use of information in their
environment. FVOI is a breakthrough approach to linking information
processing and ecological and evolutionary outcomes in a changing
environment, addressing longstanding questions about how information
mediates effects of environmental change and species interactions.
THE EVALUATION INCREASE AMOUNT OF FeNO VOLUME BEFORE AND AFTER EXERCISE IN OBESE ASTHMATIC PATIENTS
Authors: parlak burcu , Guler Nermin , Tamay Zeynep
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT Objectives: The presence of exercise induced bronchospasm (EIB)
in children with obesity and asthma is known. The measurements of
fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) level in given breath are used as
an indicator of airway inflammation. It can be affected by exercise and
is high in patients with asthma. It is aimed to observe how much
exercise what is common cause of acute airway obstruction changes FeNO
in asthmatics in this study. Methods: FeNO was measured before/after
exercise in the groups of obese-asthmatic children, non-asthmatic but
obese children, the normal-weight children with asthma, non-asthmatic
and non-obese children between the ages of 5-18. Spirometric
measurements which are frequently used in asthma were compared with FeNO
levels. Results: The highest average of FeNO was seen in asthmatic-obese
group, the lowest mean of FeNO was found in healthy group. Non-asthmatic
but obese group had respiratory parameters increasing with exercise,
while FEV1/FVC was the lowest in the group with asthma-obesity and
decreased with exercise. Conclusions: There is a strong relationship
among FeNO and FEV1/FVC with asthma. The highest values of FeNO found in
asthma-obesity combined. It was seen that obesity increased inflamation
but didn’t increase EIB.
Engineering robust yeast for neutralizing-agent-free production of lactic acid from sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate
Authors: Pangestu Radityo , Kahar Prihardi , Kholida Lutfi , Perwitasari Urip , Thontowi Ahmad , Fahrurrozi Fahrurrozi , Lisdiyanti Puspita , Yopi Yopi , Ogino Chiaki , Prasetya Bambang , Kondo Akihiko
Published: January 2024

From a sustainability standpoint, utilizing lignocellulose-based
material for lactic acid production is highly advantageous. By-products
generated by pre-treatment of biomass, however, tend to exhibit an
inhibitory effect on microbial hosts. Supplementation of neutralizing
agents also produces harmful waste for the environment. Here, we report
a rapid and non-neutralized fermentation by an original strain,
Saccharomyces cerevisiae BTCC3. This robust host was metabolically
engineered by the double disruption of PDC1/5 and the introduction of
L-LDH. Within only 15 h, 51% of glucose from sugarcane bagasse (SCB)
hydrolysate was converted to lactic acid (productivity at 1.69
g·L-1·h-1) without neutralizing agent supplementation at any stage of
fermentation. Cultivation using YPD medium under similar conditions
achieved productivity of 3.68 g·L-1·h-1 and the strain could still
generate lactic acid after several glucose-feeding treatment without
neutralization. This study is the first report of lactic acid production
from SCB using a genetically modified host in a process that requires
neither detoxification nor neutralization. Overall, this method offers
an alternative to tolerance engineering that involves extensive genetic
manipulations.
MODELLING THE IMPACTS OF HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS IN TRANSMISSION DYNAMICS OF COVID-19
Authors: KULWA K. MAIGA , HUGO K. ALFRED
Published: January 2024

In this paper, a mathematical model is proposed and analysed to assess
the impacts of health care providers’ population on the transmission
dynamics of COVID-19. The stability theory of differential equations is
used to examine a mathematical model. The results of both local and
global stability of disease-free equilibrium points were determined by
using Routh-Hurwitz criteria and Metzler’s matrix method respectively,
which verified that it was asymptotically stable. Also, the endemic
equilibrium point was determined by the Lyapunov function which showed
that E ∗ was globally asymptotically stable under strict conditions. The
findings revealed that non-diagnosed and undetected health care
providers seem to contribute to the high spread of COVID-19 in a
population. Also, it illustrates that an increase in the number of
non-diagnostic testing rates of health care providers may result in high
infection rates in the community. Therefore, the particular study
recommend that there is a necessity of applying early diagnostic testing
to curtail the COVID-19 transmission in the health care providers’
population.
Genomic consequences of a century of inbreeding and isolation in the Danish wild boar population
Authors: Yildiz Beril , Megens Hendrik-Jan , Hvilsom Christina , Bosse Mirte
Published: January 2024

Demographic events such as series of bottlenecks impact the genetic
variation and adaptive potential of populations. European megafauna,
such as wild boars (Sus scrofa), have experienced severe climatic and
size fluctuations that have shaped their genetic variation. Habitat
fragmentation as well as human-mediated translocations have further
contributed to the complex demographic history of European wild boar.
Danish wild boars represent an extreme case of a small and isolated
population founded by four wild boars from Germany. Here, we explore the
genetic composition of the Danish wild boar population in Klelund. We
genotyped all 21 Danish wild boars that were recently transferred from
the source population in Lille Vildmose into the Klelund Plantation to
establish a novel wild boar population. We compared the Danish wild
boars to high‐density single nucleotide polymorphism genotypes from a
comprehensive reference set of 1263 wild and domesticated pigs,
including 11 individuals from Ulm, one of two presumed founder locations
in Germany. Our findings support the European wild background of the
Danish population and no traces of gene flow with wild or domesticated
pigs were found. The narrow genetic origin of the Danish wild boars is
illustrated by extremely long and frequent runs of homozygous stretches
in their genomes, indicative of recent inbreeding. This study provides
the first insights into one of the most inbred wild boar populations
globally established a century ago from a narrow base of only four
founders.
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells can efficiently improve neurobehavioral status and alleviated brain injury in hypoxia/ischemia-induced cerebral palsy rat model via down-regulating the NogoA/NgR/Rho pathway
Authors: Luo Yaoling Yaoling , He Zhengyi , Zhang Minhong , Zou Zhengwei , Li Lincai , Qu Jiayang , Xu Qianqian , Ye Junsong Junsong
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a brain injury disease,
which is a global public health issue with an estimated prevalence of
2‰—4‰ and imposes a substantial health burden on many countries. At
present, there is no ideal treatment available and most of them will
still suffer adverse outcomes. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem
cells(HUCMSCs) application in many fields of medicine, which can promote
nervous system regeneration and inhibit neuroinflammation. The
regeneration of central nervous system(CNS) is related to the nervous
regeneration inhibitors. NogoA/NgR/Rho pathway is very important to the
nerve growth, CP injury is inevitably accompanied by the regeneration
and repair of neurons and axons. so we hypothesized that NogoA/NgR/Rho
pathway is involved in when using the HUCMSCs to treatment cerebral
palsy. Purpose: In this study, we might clarify the NogoA/NgR/Rho
pathway functional role in mediating HUCMSCs to improve neurobehavioral
status and alleviate brain injury in hypoxia/ischemia-induced CP rat
model. Methods: The CP rat model was established by ligating the left
common carotid artery and anoxia for 2.5 h, and HUCMSCs were intravenous
injected to the modeled rats. The neurobehavioral situation and brain
pathological injury in CP rats were determined via a series of assays.
The mRNA and protein expression of NogoA、NgR、RhoA、Rac-1、Cdc42 in
brain tissue of rats in each group was detected by RT-qPCR and western
blot analysis. Results: The CP rats exhibited obvious motor function
abnormalities, pathological damage and a lot of brain nerve cell
apoptosis. Compared with CP+PBS group and CP group rats, HUCMSCs
transplantation can significantly improve the neurobehavioral situation,
attenuated brain pathological injury, inhibit apoptosis of brain nerve
cells and the activation of astrocytes in CP rats. The expression of
NogoA、NgR、RhoA relative mRNA and protein in brain tissues of rats in
the CP+PBS group and CP group rats were significantly lower than those
of in the sham+PBS and CP+HUCMSCs group. The expression of Rac-1、Cdc42
relative mRNA and protein in brain tissues of rats in the sham and
CP+HUCMSCs group was significantly higher than those of in CP+PBS group
and CP group rats. Conclusion: This study confirmed that HUCMSCs can
efficiently improve neurobehavioral status and alleviate brain injury in
hypoxia/ischemia-induced cerebral palsy rat model via down-regulating
the NogoA/NgR/Rho pathway.
Direct synthesis of cyclohexylamine from cyclohexene and NH3 over ZSM-5 catalysts: Impact of mesoporosity and acidity
Authors: Peng Haoyu , Luo Chao , Yin Hui , Yu Tianjiao , Zhong Wenzhou , Mao Liqiu , Zou Guoqiang , Yin Dulin
Published: January 2024

Developing 100% atomically economic reaction of direct amination
cyclohexene with NH3 is important but challenging for the synthesis of
cyclohexylamine. This work describes a novel strategy of employing
HZSM-5 zeolites with mesomicro-pore architecture as a solid acid
catalyst for this reaction. The mesoporous HZSM-5 compared to the
referenced microporous ZSM-5 delivers outstanding catalytic activity,
providing cyclohexylamine selectivity of 95.6% and 4.9% conversion at
9 MPa and 300 oC. The relationship of zeolite structure and catalytic
activity is established by using multiple techniques, such as XRD, SEM,
TEM, N2 adsorption-desorption, Py-FTIR and NH3-TPD. The pore structure
and Brønsted-acid sites of zeolites played crucial roles in cyclohexene
amination reaction Based on in situ FT-IR spectroscopy and DFT
simulations, the adsorption of reactants and desorption of products, and
molecular diffusion on the mesoporous HZSM-5 suggested that the
accessible Brønsted acid sites in the 10-MR microporous channels are the
factors controlling the catalytic process.
A high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly provides insights into wing dimorphism in Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker)
Authors: Zhu Bin , Wei Rui , Hua WenJuan , Zhang Wenlin , Liang Pei , Gao Xiwu
Published: January 2024

The rose-grain aphid Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker) (Hemiptera:
Aphididae) is one of the most important aphid pests for cereals
worldwide. Some studies have examined the biological and ecological
characteristics of M. dirhodum. However, the lack of genomic data
limits in-depth studies of this organism. Here, we present a
chromosome-level genome assembly of M. dirhodum using PacBio long
HiFi reads and Hi-C technology. The final genome assembly is 447.8 Mb,
with 98.50% of the assembled sequences anchored to nine chromosomes.
The contig and scaffold N50 values are 7.82 Mb and 37.54 Mb,
respectively. A total of 18,003 protein-coding genes were predicted, of
which 92.05% were functionally annotated. Comparative transcriptomic
analyses identified a number of genes that might be related to wing
dimorphism, including the insulin receptor, insulin receptor substrate,
forkhead box protein O (Foxo), and ecdysone receptor. These results may
provide an important reference for understanding the ecology, genetics,
and evolution of this organism or even other aphid insects.
Genome analysis of Lagocephalus sceleratus: unraveling the genomic landscape of a successful invader
Authors: Danis Theodoros , Papadogiannis Vasilis , Tsakogiannis Alexandros , Kristoffersen Jon , Golani Daniel , Tsaparis Dimitris , Sterioti Aspasia , Kasapidis Panagiotis , Kotoulas Georgios , Magoulas Antonios , Tsigenopoulos Costas , Manousaki Tereza
Published: January 2024

The Tetraodontidae family encompasses several species which attract
scientific interest in terms of their ecology and evolution. The
silver-cheeked toadfish (Lagocephalus sceleratus) is a well-known
‘invasive sprinter’ that has invaded and spread, in less than a decade,
throughout the Eastern and part of the Western Mediterranean Sea from
the Red Sea through the Suez Canal. In this study, we built and analysed
the first near-chromosome level genome assembly of L. sceleratus and
explored its evolutionary landscape. Through a phylogenomic analysis, we
positioned L. sceleratus closer to T. nigroviridis, compared to other
members of the family, while gene family evolution analysis revealed
that genes associated with the immune response have experienced rapid
expansion, providing a genetic basis for studying how L. sceleratus is
able to achieve highly successful colonisation. Moreover, we found that
voltage-gated sodium channel (Nav 1.4) mutations previously connected to
tetrodotoxin resistance in other pufferfishes are not found in L.
sceleratus, highlighting the complex evolution of this trait. The
high-quality genome assembly built here is expected to set the ground
for future studies on the species biology.
Dual Medical Therapy for Treatment of Ventricular Arrhythmias in Cardiac Sarcoidosis
Authors: Sibilia Robert , Baughman Robert , Washko Daniel , Lower Elyse , Costea Alexandru
Published: January 2024

Background Immunosuppression and antiarrhythmics can be useful for the
treatment of arrhythmias in cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) according to
current guidelines. However, there is conflicting evidence on the
optimal regimen and outcomes of medical therapy for ventricular
arrhythmias. The effects of corticosteroid sparing agents with versus
without concurrent antiarrhythmic therapy is unknown. Objective To
assess the impact of corticosteroid sparing immunosuppression with and
without antiarrhythmics on arrhythmia burdens in CS. Methods Patients
with CS and implanted cardiac devices were identified from a single
center registry. Their medical regimens were grouped as no therapy,
immunosuppression alone, antiarrhythmic alone, or dual therapy. Device
interrogations were reviewed for premature ventricular contractions
(PVCs), nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT), and appropriate
device firing. Results Interrogations for 42 patients were reviewed over
a mean of 31 months. Regression analysis showed a significant decrease
in the PVC (slope -1.47, p=0.04) and NSVT frequency (slope -0.05, p=.01)
for patients on dual therapy compared to an increase or no change in the
other groups. Across all patients, there was no difference between
groups in the percentage of patients experiencing device firing. In a
subset analysis of patients with ICDs for primary prevention, 6% on
dual therapy required device firing compared to 43% and 40% on single
or no therapy (P=.049, Chi Sq=6.02). Conclusions Patients on both
immunosuppression and antiarrhythmics had a reduction in PVCs and NSVT
over time. Those with devices placed for primary prevention experienced
fewer device firings while on dual therapy.
A Geometric Approach to Timelike Flows in Terms of Anholonomic Coordinates
Authors: Yavuz Ayşe , ERDOĞDU MELEK
Published: January 2024

This paper is devoted to the geometry of vector fields and timelike
flows in terms of anholonomic coordinates in three dimensional
Lorentzian space. We discuss eight parameters which are related by three
partial differential equations. Then, it is seen that the curl of
tangent vector field does not include any component in the direction of
principal normal vector field. This implies the existence of a surface
which contains both s-lines and b-lines. Moreover, we examine a normal
congruence of timelike surfaces containing the s-lines and b-lines .
Considering the compatibility conditions, we obtain the
Gauss-Mainardi-Codazzi equations for this normal congruence of timelike
surfaces in the case of the abnormality of normal vector field is zero.
Intrinsic geometric properties of this normal congruence of timelike
surfaces are obtained. We have deal with important results on these
geometric properties.
A Single Institution Experience of Bortezomib for GVHD in a Pediatric HSCT Population
Authors: Shah Devangi , Douglas Jennifer Reichbach , Ashy Jumana , Suhrheinrich Greg , Pillai Asha , Barredo Julio , Ziga Edward , Alperstein Warren
Published: January 2024

Acute graft versus host disease (aGvHD) remains one of the most serious
complications, occurring in about 30-70%, of allogeneic hematopoietic
stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients. While about 40-60% of
these recipients will respond to steroids as first line, there is no
consensus on second line agents. The management of steroid-refractory
(SR) and steroid dependent (SD) GVHD after HSCT continues to be
challenging. In the absence of clinical trials, treatment in most cases
is based on individual physician or center experience. Herein, we
present our institutional experience with the use of bortezomib, a
first-generation reversible proteasome inhibitor, in SD aGvHD.