bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PISA 2022 Sınav Sonuçları Bağlamında Türk Eğitim Sisteminin Genel Görünümü
Authors: Aydın A. Taylan , Çilek Adem
Published: November 2024

Bu araştırmada, Ekonomik İş Birliği ve Kalkınma Örgütü (OECD), tarafından yürütülen, Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) sınav sonuçları bağlamında karşılaştırmalı olarak Türkiye’nin sınav performansını irdelenmektedir. Bu amaçla hem OECD ülkeleri hem de sınava katılan tüm ülkeler içinde Türkiye’nin genel sınav performansı odağa alınmıştır. PISA sınavları, formal eğitim içinde 15 yaş düzeyindeki öğrencilerin, matematik, fen bilimleri ve okuma becerilerinin yanı sıra, okuldan memnuniyet, kendini okulda ve sınıfta güvende hissetme, akran zorbalığı, dışlanma eğitim ortamlarında fırsat ve olanak eşitliği gibi başlıklar altında da veriler sunmaktadır. Ayrıca sınav sonuçları, sosyoekonomik değişkenler ve okul türlerine göre incelendiğinde akademik performans açısından fırsat ve olanak eşitliğini düşündürücü ölçüde etkilediği görülmektedir. Bu araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan temel nitel araştırma tekniği kullanılmıştır. Farklı yıllarda yapılan PISA sınav raporları ve Türkiye'ye ait PISA sınav raporları araştırmanın temel veri kaynakları arasında yer almaktadır. Bu veri kaynakları, OECD resmi raporlarını, katılımcı ülkelerin ulusal raporlarını, akademik makaleleri ve ilgili politika belgelerini içermektedir. Söz konusu belgelere MEB, PISA ve OECD'nin resmi web siteleri, eğitim veri tabanları ve akademik dergiler üzerinden ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre, Türk eğitim sistemindeki öğrencilerin önemli bir kısmının okulda kendilerini güvende hissetmedikleri, memnuniyet düzeylerinin düşük olduğu, dışlanma ve ayrımcılık gibi davranışlarla karşılaştıkları ve okula aidiyet duygularının düşük olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Türkiye'nin eğitim yönetimi anlayışı, müfredat içeriği, öğretmen yetiştirme sistemi, ölçme ve değerlendirme yöntemleri ile psikolojik danışmanlık ve rehberlik hizmetlerini kapsayan köklü bir eğitim reformuna ihtiyacı olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Sergileme Mekânlarının Sanal ve Fiziksel Ortam Arasındaki Farkının İncelenmesi: İstanbul Modern Örneği
Authors: Yakışkan Nilşah Nezahat
Published: November 2024

Günümüzde, mekân kavramı teknolojinin gelişmesi ile dijitalleşirken sergileme alanları bu gelişmeden etkilenerek değişime uğramıştır. Bilişim teknolojilerinin sergileme mekânlarında kullanılmasıyla yazılım programları, interaktif alanlar, sanal müzeler, arttırılmış gerçeklik teknolojisi, yapay zekâ vb. uygulamaların kullanımı yoğunlaşmıştır. Bu çalışmada fiziksel ve sanal ortamdaki sergileme mekânlarının kullanıcı üzerindeki etkileri plan, kütle, eser, malzeme, doğal ve yapay aydınlatma vb. faktörler ele alınarak incelenecektir. Çalışmanın hipotezi, ‘Fiziksel mekândaki sergileme mekânlarının mekân ve plan algısı ziyaretçi için daha az okunur bir haldeyken sanal sergileme mekânında daha anlaşılır olabilir.’ Bu çalışmanın amacı ‘Sanal ve fiziksel sergileme mekânlarındaki farklar incelenerek; eski-yeni galeri algısının malzeme, aydınlatma, sergileme algısı karşılaştırılması amaçlanacaktır. Sergileme mekânlarında teknolojinin gelişmesi ile bu ilerlemeden faydalanarak, ziyaretçilerin yeni teknolojik fonksiyonlarla edindikleri deneyim ve bu sistemlerin kullanılma gereksinimlerini ele alınacaktır.’ Çalışmanın kapsamı ‘Sanal ve fiziksel ortamdaki sergileme alanlarının mekân algısı üzerinden incelenirken; sanatçı etkinlikleri, soru sorma, sesli tur, yapay ve doğal aydınlatma farkları, plan ve kütlenin kullanıcı tarafından okunurluğu faktörleri dikkate alınarak araştırılacaktır. Bu kapsamda İstanbul Modern Sanat Müzesi’nin sanal ve fiziksel ortamdaki sergi mekânları incelenecektir.’ Çalışmanın yöntemi ‘Bu çalışma, nitel araştırma yöntemi bağlamında var olan durumu belirlemeye yönelik olduğundan ‘betimsel tarama' olup saha taraması ve gömülü teori yöntem modelindedir. Olasılıksız örnekleme modellerinden Güdümlü (Amaçlı) Örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak İstanbul Modern Sanat Müzesi incelenecektir.
Fluorescence-activated nuclei sorting (FANS) on human post-mortem cortex tissue enabling the isolation of distinct neural cell populations for multiple omic profiling v2
Authors: S Policicchio Stefania , Chioza Barry , P Davies Jonathan , Burrage Joe , Mill Jonathan , L Dempster Emma
Published: November 2024

Increased understanding of the functional complexity of the genome has led to growing recognition about the role of epigenetic/transcriptional variation in health and disease. Current analyses of the human brain, however, are limited by the use of “bulk” tissue, comprising a heterogeneous mix of different neural cell types. As epigenetic processes play a critical role in determining cell type-specific patterns of gene regulation it is important to consider cellular composition in regulatory genomic studies of human post-mortem tissue, and there is a need for methods to purify populations of specific cell-types. Furthermore, the valuable nature of human post-mortem tissue means it is important to use methods that maximize the amount of genomic data generated on each sample. This protocol describes a method that uses fluorescence-activated nuclei sorting (FANS) to isolate and profile nuclei from multiple different human brain cell-types from frozen post-mortem tissue. This protocol can be used to robustly purify populations of neuronal (NeuN+ve), oligodendrocytes (SOX10+ve), microglia (IRF8+ve) and other glial origin nuclei (NeuN-ve/SOX10-ve/IRF8-ve) from adult post-mortem frozen brain, with each tissue sample yielding purified populations of nuclei amenable to simultaneous analysis of i) DNA modifications (via bisulfite sequencing / array), ii) histone modifications (CUT&Tag), iii) open chromatin analysis (ATAC-seq), and iv) gene expression (snRNA-seq).
Phenol-Chloroform environmental DNA (eDNA) Extraction Protocol for Okeanos Explorer Specimens v1
Authors: Collins Allen
Published: November 2024

This protocol is used to extract environmental DNA (eDNA) from disc filters through which water samples taken by NOAA Ocean Exporation's NOAA Ship Okeanos Explorer have been filtered.
OCT Embedding v2
Authors: Bi Joanna
Published: November 2024

OCT embedding protocol
Partial medial meniscectomy model of osteoarthrtis in mice v1
Authors: Goodwin George , Zarebska Jadwiga , Vincent Tonia
Published: November 2024

This protocol describes how to perform a unilateral partial medial meniscectomy in mice. Partial medial meniscectomy causes destabilisation of the knee joint and leads to the development of osteoarthritic features I.e cartilage degradation and osteophyte formation, within the joint.
DERL3 participates in the progression of renal clear cell carcinoma by promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition through regulating TGFB1 pathway v1
Authors: Niu Chengtao
Published: November 2024

Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot were used to detect the expression of DERL3 in ccRCC cell lines. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to stain ccRCC specimens and adjacent normal tissue specimens to verify the differential expression of DERL3 in ccRCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues. The effects of DERL3 on the growth, invasion and migration of ccRCC were verified in vitro by MTT, plate cloning and cell migration assays. The expression levels of DERL3 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related marker proteins were analyzed by Western blot.
Knee joint histology for evaluation of osteoarthrits in mice v1
Authors: Goodwin George , Hobbs Carl
Published: November 2024

This protocol details how to extract and process mouse knee joints for the evaluation of osteoarthritis pathology in mice.
Intra-operative Acquisition of Electrophysiological Data in Human Motor Eloquent Neurosurgery v1
Authors: H Reilly Johannes , Picht Thomas , Onken Julia
Published: November 2024

Problem: When acquiring intra-operative subcortical stimulation data, it is important to account for the spatial inaccuracies that may be introduced due to a spatial mismatch between pre-operative imaging and the location of the brain after resection. Phenomena such as brain shift contribute to the discrepancy between where the intra-operative stimulation points lie on pre-operative MR images and where the stimulations points lie on intra-operative MR images. This protocol aims to correct for this discrepancy when acquiring intra-operative stimulation data without the need for time-expensive intra-operative MRI. Furthermore, this protocols aims to increase transparency in the employed methods to encourage replication studies. Aim: If followed correctly, the protocol will result in a data set of electrophysiological data, based on motor evoked potentials, obtained during surgery of motor eloquent lesions. Specifically, the data can be used to assess the distance between the subcortical stimulation point and the corticospinal tract. This distance is corrected for brain shift. Suitable patients are adult patients (≥18 years) with a motor eloquent pathology. Innovation: This protocol stands apart from other procedures because it employs intra-operative ultrasound to correct for spatial shifts of the brain that occur during or after resection. Furthermore, this protocol is designed to pose minimal interference with the standard operating procedures in neurosurgery. Pre-requisites: This protocol assumes familiarity with conducting intra-operative neuromonitoring.
In vivo calcium imaging of the L4 sensory ganglion in mice v1
Authors: Goodwin George , Chisholm Kim
Published: November 2024

This protocol describes the preparation and surgical exposure of the L4 dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in mice for in vivo calcium imaging with GCaMP6s.
Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sample sectioning and immunohistochemistry staining for ER, PR, Ki67, HER2, and CD8 at the National Centre of Pathology, affiliate of Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos (Vilnius, Lithuania) v1
Authors: Laurinavieciene Aida , Zilenaite-Petrulaitiene Dovile
Published: November 2024

This document describes the procedures for microtomy and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens at the National Centre of Pathology, affiliate of Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos (Vilnius, Lithuania). The protocol focuses on the preparation and sectioning of FFPE tissue samples, followed by IHC staining for key biomarkers including estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER, PR), Ki67, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and CD8. The document also outlines the steps for performing digital image analysis using HALO (Indica Labs, USA).
THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT STORAGE DURATION PERIODS AFTER HARVESTING IN A SEMI-ARID ENVIRONMENT ON THE QUALITY COMPONENTS IN SUGAR BEET
Authors: Yildiz Umut , Öztürk Erdoğan , Sefaoğlu Fırat , Gül Volkan , Toktay Zehra
Published: November 2024

The storage of the harvested sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) before the processing stage is crucial, particularly
regarding quality and durability. To maintain the quality of the beet prior to processing, appropriate storage
conditions must be provided. Although siloing is a standard method for beet storage, this process may have some
negative effects. Given the limited information on the impact of siloing on yield and quality, it is essential to
determine the optimal duration of siloing. This study investigated the effect of different siloing periods on the
root and weight and quality criteria of sugar beet in 2020 and 2021. Four siloing periods (immediately after
harvest, ten days after harvest, 20 days after harvest, and 30 days after harvest) were analyzed. The siloing
periods significantly affected both the root weight and quality criteria in both years of research. It was
determined that the examined characteristics were significantly influenced by the treatments, with weight loss,
dry matter content, sugar content, and sugar yield of roots increasing with the length of the siloing period. The
results highlight the importance of the waiting time during the siloing period for sugar beet stored in silos after
harvest. To minimize losses in the examined characteristics, it is recommended that the processing occur
immediately after harvest. If it must be delayed processing is recommended between 10-20 days post-harvest.
Digital Barricades and Blackouts: A Case of Internet Shutdowns in India
Authors: Madapathi Manisha
Published: November 2024

Using internet shutdowns as a reaction to civil unrest has become a common response from the Indian state. In 2022, India remains at the top with the highest number of recorded shutdowns in the world, for the fifth consecutive year. Several state and central governments have used this tactic to suspend the flow of information, either to curtail the ability of citizens to organise through social media networks, dominate discourse around an event, or both. Many such instances have increased the circulation of misinformation, leading to polarised online spaces created partly due to the lack of internet connectivity. Digital disconnection then becomes a condition forced upon its citizens rather than a voluntary choice made by individuals. To explore the impact of internet shutdowns on civic discourse, I look at the case of the farmers’ protest in India, that lasted from September 2020 to November 2021. The movement successfully led to the repeal of the three controversial farm laws. The protest faced challenges due to internet shutdowns along with other forms of crackdown by authorities. I use in-depth interviews to bring in the voices of the various stakeholders who participated in this movement. In this article, I would like to place the farmers’ protest as a vantage point from where one can look at how the Indian state has used internet shutdowns to control dissent.
URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS IN CHILDREN: A REVIEW OF CURRENT INTERNATIONAL GUIDELINES
Authors: Safina Asiya I. , Paunova Svetlana S. , Daminova Maria A.
Published: November 2024

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common bacterial infections in children, which can lead to renal dysfunction, especially in young children in case of complicated and recurrent course.
The aim of this review was to analyze all the latest clinical guidelines on UTIs in children in the world, starting from 2018 to 2024.
We analyzed current data on the incidence of UTIs in children depending on age and gender. A classification is presented, the main problems of diagnosis, the most modern approaches to treatment and prevention are discussed.
Analysis of these guidelines indicates that UTIs should be diagnosed in all young children with fever over 38 ° C without a focus of infection. Empirical antibacterial therapy should be started within the first 24-48 hours, oral antibiotics have an advantage, third-generation cephalosporins are more often used today, but it is necessary to take into account the data on antibacterial resistance in your region. All modern clinical guidelines emphasize the growth of resistant pathogens and their decreasing sensitivity to protected penicillins. All guidelines recommend identifying a "high-risk recurrence group" that includes children with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), neurogenic bladder dysfunction, constipation, and "uncircumcised" boys under 1 year of age, and timely conducting imaging diagnostics for such children. According to almost all international guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of UTIs in children, long-term antibacterial prophylaxis should be carried out only according to strict indications, mainly in children with high VUR and low VUR, taking into account the "risk" factors.
In recent years, a large number of modern international clinical guidelines on UTIs in children have appeared. This review, which includes all the latest guidelines on UTIs in children in the world over the past seven years, will allow the use of accumulated modern knowledge in the practical work of pediatricians, pediatric nephrologists, and pediatric urologists in the Russian Federation.
Ridgecrest Aftershock Stress Drops from P- and S-Wave Spectral Decomposition
Authors: Vandevert Ian C. , Shearer Peter M. , Fan Wenyuan
Published: November 2024

Seismic moment and stress drop are crucial for understanding earthquake rupture processes, but their estimates often have large uncertainties for small earthquakes. Stress drop is typically inferred from an earthquake’s source spectrum based on theoretical models, but poorly constrained path corrections and other modeling assumptions limit the accuracy of stress-drop estimates. Here, we compute stress drops using both P and S waves for the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence, compare their estimates, and evaluate the associated uncertainties. We use spectral decomposition and apply the analysis to both types of waves for the same set of earthquakes, adjusting some S-wave parameter choices to obtain overall consistency with our P-wave results. Our approach fixes the corner frequency of small calibration earthquakes to reduce scatter in the estimated source parameters of the larger earthquakes. We find that assuming a lower high-frequency fall-off rate for S waves yields more consistent absolute stress-drop estimates between P and S waves. Our stress-drop estimates appear to increase slightly with magnitude for earthquakes with magnitudes >∼3.4. Furthermore, we find that the stress-drop estimates using both types of data exhibit coherent spatial variations. Earthquakes near the Coso geothermal field tend to have lower stress drops, and earthquakes near the M 7.1 hypocenter have higher stress-drop estimates. This spatial pattern is consistently observed in both the P- and S-wave results. We find no strong correlation between our stress-drop estimates and the M 7.1 Ridgecrest earthquake slip distribution, suggesting a heterogeneous stress environment for the Ridgecrest fault system.
Are Public Schools Preparing Graduates to Complete Adulthood Tasks?
Authors:   , Hine Lauren V. , Vorndran Christina M.
Published: November 2024

The U.S. education system provides 12 years of public education, but with the main focus on academics, graduates may not know how to complete the many adulthood tasks required of them when they exit high school. This quantitative study investigated the health, money, home, and travel skills high school graduates from 2010-2020 learned from their U.S. public schools. Each of the four domains included five tasks that adults may need to complete. These tasks found in the literature were used to build the new survey used in this study, The Essential Living Skills Survey for General Academic Students (ELSGAS). The results of the survey showed that for most tasks, a majority of participants did not learn how to complete them during their K-12 education. For the tasks that were covered in the participants' education, most were taught in a single instructional session. Participants also reported how they planned to learn tasks not taught in school and what tasks they felt were most important to be added to the curriculum. Using a series of chi-square tests in SPSS, 12 significant relationships between the demographics and the tasks learned were identified.
Digital marketing new route for entrepreneurship in Colombia
Authors: Moreno Rios Andrea Liliana , Hernández-Palma Hugo
Published: November 2024

El marketing digital se ha posicionado como una herramienta clave para el fortalecimiento de iniciativas de emprendimiento. Por ello, el artículo analiza esta corriente como estrategia para fomentar la creación de proyectos productivos en Colombia. Se empleó una metodología de enfoque cualitativo descriptiva con un diseño documental para explorar la literatura reciente sobre el tema. Los resultados reseñan beneficios tangibles que aportan valor a los clientes como: ahorro de tiempo en compras, simplicidad para elegir los productos, información detallada de los bienes. Se concluye que es necesario contar con tres macroprocesos: la disposición de plataformas que recojan datos esenciales de posibles clientes para conocer sus expectativas y gustos; contratar personal especializado y utilizar entornos virtuales colaborativos como la nube.
Career Maturity of Division III Athletes
Authors: Croft Chris , Fridley Alison , Butler B. Nalani , Bopp Trevor , Corr Chris , Stokowski Sarah
Published: November 2024

NCAA student-athletes often become engulfed in their athletic role. While athletic role engulfment positively correlates to salient athletic identity, Division III student-athletes tend to identify with a diverse role set. Extant research has found that the prevalence of salient athletic identity among Division I student- athletes poses as a structural limitation to educational attainment and professional development. Given the unique philosophy of Division III athletics, such athletic identity formation is mitigated. Accordingly, the present study sought to examine demographic and psychographic factors of Division III student-athletes in relation to career maturity. Division III targeted populations that this information can greatly assist are university administration and intercollegiate athletic staff, including athletic directors and student-athlete support areas. Analysis of responses from a representative sample of more than 300 student-athletes (n = 301) indicates that psychometric factors are better indicators of career maturity than demographic factors. Given the emphasis on holistic athletic development in Division III and the corresponding mitigation of salient athletic identity formation, such findings are indicative of the importance of holistic athlete development on the career maturity of student-athletes.
Impact of constitutional law rules on economic relations: issues of research methodology
Authors: Stahanova E. Yu.
Published: November 2024

The work is devoted to determining the methodology for studying the impact of constitutional law norms on economic relations in a modern constitutional state. The main methods of scientific knowledge used to form a reliable idea of the constitutional law regulation of the economy are considered. Russian and foreign doctrinal approaches to the methodology of studying economic relations are analyzed, examples of the application of theoretical concepts in current Russian constitutional norms are demonstrated. The author’s conclusions are formulated, reflecting the features of the methodology for studying the impact of constitutional and legal norms on economic relations in modern economic conditions.
Knowledge, Practice and Attitude of Women Regarding Breastfeeding in Thi-Qar Governorate-Iraq
Authors: Naeam Fatima K. , Sachit Amer Abdullah , Mones Hayfaa M.
Published: November 2024

- Breastfeeding (BF) is the natural way for infants’ nutrition, it provides the ideal nutrients they need for healthy development and growth. The purpose of this study was to evaluate mothers' knowledge and practice of BF and its determinants and to determine the association between knowledge and certain characteristics. 200 moms who were patients at the Bint Al-Huda teaching hospital between November 1, 2021, and February 1, 2021, were chosen at random with their consent for this cross-sectional study, and their answers to a standardized questionnaire were analyzed. Of the 200 women, 26% were between the ages of 20 and 25, with a mean and SD of 29.24±7.829 and 24.5% having completed elementary school. Prior to our study, nearly (67%) mothers had received education on BF. A mother who practices breast cancer has a low risk of developing the disease (62.5%). Proper positioning is also important for achieving effective breast cancer (68.5%). Breastfeeding should begin within 30 minutes of delivery (62%), and once the baby begins taking complementary foods (54.5%), mothers can combine breastfeed and formula feeding. We found that most mothers had engaged in exclusive BF and knew only a moderate amount about its benefits. Better educational initiatives are required to raise public awareness of its long-term benefits for the nation's health status.
Comparison of the Therapeutic Effect of Erythropoietin Alone and with the Combination of L-Carnitine on Hemoglobin Levels in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Sheikhi Vahid , Miri Aghil , Sartipi Majid , Khazaei Hosseinali , Shahraki Elham , Attaran Fatemeh
Published: November 2024

Background: L-carnitine deficiency causes various pathological conditions such as muscle weakness and erythropoietin-resistant anemia in hemodialysis patients. The present study was conducted to compare the therapeutic effect of erythropoietin alone and with the combination of L-carnitine on anemia in hemodialysis patients.
Method: In this clinical trial, 24 patients undergoing hemodialysis at Imam Ali Hospital were selected for the study. The eligible participants were randomly assigned into two equal groups: one group received erythropoietin treatment alone, while the other group was treated with a combination of L-carnitine and erythropoietin. Blood samples were collected from all patients for a complete blood count (CBC), and their hemoglobin levels were measured both before and after the treatment.
Results: The mean age of patients in the erythropoietin-only treatment group was 18.66±3.70 years, while in the group receiving both erythropoietin and L-carnitine, it was 23.83±5.70 years. A significant difference in age was found between the two groups (P=0.015). However, there was no significant difference in hemoglobin levels between the groups before treatment (P=0.327). After treatment, the mean hemoglobin levels in the erythropoietin group and the combination therapy group were 9.8±1.6 and 10.6±3.9 g/dL, respectively, with no significant difference observed between the two groups in terms of hemoglobin (P=0.324).
Conclusion: Our findings indicated that treatment with erythropoietin alone, as well as in combination with L-carnitine, did not lead to a significant improvement in blood parameters in hemodialysis patients with anemia.
Asthma-Related Plastic Bronchitis: A Challenging Diagnosis
Authors: Modaresi Mohammad Reza , Monfared Fateme Tarighat
Published: November 2024

Plastic bronchitis (PB) is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition characterized by the formation of bronchial casts, leading to airway obstruction. It is associated with several underlying conditions, including congenital heart disease, respiratory infections, and asthma. Due to its non-specific symptoms, PB is often misdiagnosed or underdiagnosed. We present a case of a 10-year-old boy with a one-year history of recurrent productive cough, dyspnea, and fever, unresponsive to albuterol treatment. Chest X-rays revealed atelectasis of the left lower lung, which persisted despite airway clearance techniques. High- resolution computed tomography (HRCT) showed collapse consolidation of the left lung. Bronchoscopy revealed bronchial obstruction by a rubbery cast, which was successfully removed. Pathologic analysis of the cast showed eosinophils, neutrophils, and Charcot-Leyden crystals. The patient was treated with inhaled corticosteroids and short-acting beta-agonists, leading to complete resolution of symptoms. Follow-up after six months showed no recurrence of symptoms. This case highlights the importance of considering PB in patients with recurrent respiratory symptoms and atelectasis, particularly when foreign body aspiration or common respiratory diseases have been ruled out. Early diagnosis and management, including cast removal and treatment of underlying conditions, are crucial to preventing complications.
The challenges of research in the field of human dignity
Authors: Jafari Seyed Abdosaleh , Araminia Behin , Tavasoli Hanieh , Tavasoli Nafiseh , Abedi Soheil , Bakhshe Ahmad Fayaz
Published: November 2024

Research on human dignity is crucial for understanding the ethical foundations of human rights. Neglecting to address certain pitfalls in this area of research can lead to adverse effects, including the perpetuation of discrimination, the misrepresentation of dignity across different schools of thought, and the weakening of ethical standards in human rights discourse. The present study aims to identify such challenges by analytically examining outstanding research in this field. Our surveys have identified challenges and pitfalls that were categorized into two groups: challenges in the field of materials, and challenges in the field of methods. In terms of materials, researchers may fail to adequately consider the historical and cultural contexts that shape these views, while in terms of methods, they may overlook the diverse perspectives that contribute to a comprehensive understanding of dignity. Consequently, it is imperative for researchers to remain vigilant and avoid these pitfalls to ensure that their work upholds the true essence of human dignity and effectively advocates for the rights of all individuals, especially those from marginalized backgrounds.
Human dignity: a contract or an abstract?
Authors: Jafari Seyed Abdosaleh , Araminia Behin , Tavasoli Hanieh , Tavasoli Nafiseh , Abedi Soheil , Bakhsh Ahmad Fayaz
Published: November 2024

Although human dignity has been the focus of many researchers, fundamental debates about its existence have often been ignored. Different views on human dignity and its existence can lead to divergent interpretations of human rights. In this study, we attempted to find an answer to the question of the nature of human dignity by examining and collecting the opinions of experts and analyzing and criticizing them. Our analysis showed that since dignity is linked to human existence and understanding, it has a subjective nature. Subjective existences have different types, including contractual and abstract. Contractual existence finds its way to objective entities through human thought, and it is changeable. An abstract existence, on the other hand, is created by perception of an objective entity in a constant way among human beings. Human dignity is consistent with the contractual type, because simply seeing a human does not bring to mind the existence of dignity and human rights. Once we accept the contractual nature of dignity, we must determine who bestowed this dignity on man. Through investigations, we came to the conclusion that God is the only one that can grant such privilege, and the existence of dignity for humans is a proof of God's existence.
Human dignity, minimum and maximum: what is the justification for the difference between male and female Diyah” in Islam?
Authors: Jafari Seyed Abdosaleh , Araminia Behin , Tavasoli Hanieh , Tavasoli Nafiseh , Abedi Soheil , Bakhshe Ahmad Fayaz
Published: November 2024

Human dignity is discussed in fields such as law, theology and ethics. In human rights and law, dignity is fixed and equal for everyone, but in theology, it can be different based on human actions. The highest human position is obtained through voluntary selection of goodness. However, failure to achieve this does not indicate a complete loss of dignity from a religious point of view, as there are other characteristics that can bestow dignity. The existence of these dignifying factors creates minimum and maximum degrees of dignity, the maximum being discussed in theology, and the minimum in law and human rights. The laws on compensation for harm may lead to the false conclusion that dignity can be purchased, but we must remember that dignity has two dimensions: material and spiritual. While damage to the spiritual dimension cannot be undone, “Diya” has been provided in Islam to compensate for the material dimension. This explains the difference between male and female Diya in Islamic laws. Spiritual dignity is independent of gender, but to compensate for material dignity, higher Diya has been proposed for men as they have a more prominent role in financing the family. In the end, we will discuss that due to the role changes in the society nowadays, the laws will need to be modified.
Psychologia żałoby
Authors: Gross Richard , Piszczek Katarzyna
Published: November 2024

Co dzieje się w naszej sferze emocjonalnej, kiedy opłakujemy bliską osobę? Czy istnieje „właściwy” sposób przeżywania żałoby? Jak wpływa ona na to, jak postrzegamy samych siebie? 
Psychologia żałoby zawiera humanistyczne wyjaśnienie tego zjawiska, podkreślające szeroką gamę naszych reakcji na śmierć bliskiej osoby. W książce opisano również, w jaki sposób badacze poszukiwali odpowiedzi na pytania dotyczące tego doświadczenia. Począwszy od pionierskiej psychoanalizy Freuda, a skończywszy na dyskredytowanych twierdzeniach, że powinniśmy przejść przez poszczególne „etapy” żałoby, odkryjemy społeczne i kulturowe normy tworzące lub ograniczające nasze rozumienie procesu żałoby oraz przyjrzymy się językowi, jakiego używamy do jej opisywania. 
Każdy w którymś momencie życia doświadcza bolesnej straty. Psychologia żałoby pomoże Czytelnikom zrozumieć zarówno swoje uczucia, jak i uczucia innych osób związane z żałobą.
Nadir İbrahimi’nin Ateş Bedun-i Dûd Romanında Türkmenlerin Var Olma ve Birlik Mücadelesi
Authors: Sosar Ayşe
Published: November 2024

Ateş Bedun-i Dûd (Dumansız Ateş), modern İran edebiyatının önde gelen isimlerinden romancı, öykü yazarı, senarist ve yönetmen Nadir İbrahimi’nin İran Türkmenleriyle ilgili kaleme aldığı yedi ciltlik eseridir. Kaçarlar döneminin (1796-1925) ortalarında başlayan ve baba-oğul Pehlevi döneminin (1925-1979) son yıllarına kadar uzanan zaman dilimini içine alan romanda yazar, İran tarihinin yaklaşık yüz elli yıllık panoramasını gözler önüne serer ve olayların geçmişi hakkında okuyucuya geniş bilgiler verir. Söz konusu dönemler, İran tarihinin siyasi ve toplumsal yapısında ciddi bozulmaların yaşandığı dönemlerdir ve romanda bu olumsuz şartlardan en çok etkilenen, ezilen, sömürülen ve yalnız bırakılan Türkmen halkının var olma ve hayatta kalma mücadelesi anlatılır. Mücadele fikrini ortaya çıkaran siyasi, sosyal, ekonomik ve kültürel sorunlar; çözüm arayışları ve karşılaşılan engeller bir aşk hikayesi ekseninde tek tek irdelenir. Türkiye’de şimdiye kadar hakkında herhangi bir çalışmanın yapılmadığı tespit edilen söz konusu romanın betimsel-analiz yöntemiyle incelendiği bu çalışmanın amacı, eseri tüm yönleriyle tanıtmak, Türkmen tarihi ve toplumu açısından taşıdığı önemi ortaya koymak ve farklı bakış açılarıyla yapılacak yeni çalışmalara kapı aralamaktır. Bulgular, dönemin toplumsal ve siyasi yapısına ışık tutması, Türkmen tarih, toplum ve kültürüne ait pek çok unsuru barındırması ve tema açısından oldukça zengin ve çeşitlilik arzetmesi yönüyle bu hacimli eserin, kapsamlı ve müstakil bir çok çalışmaya kaynaklık edebilecek özelliğe sahip olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.
Unraveling The Impact of Feed Protein Content on Catfish (Clarias sp.) Growth, Survival, Meat Quality and Gastrointestinal Histology
Authors: Septriani Nur Indah , Nizma Nata Dwi Annisa , Paramita Pradnya
Published: November 2024

Catfish is a highly favored source of protein in Indonesia. Catfish farming can be carried out using various types of feed and methods. This research aims to determine the effect of two types of fish feed with high (24%) and low (4%) protein content on several aspects of catfish cultivated using the pond/bucket culture method. The methods include catfish maintenance, physicochemical measurement, morphometric measurements, survival rate measurements, proximate testing, and histological preparations of catfish intestines and stomach. The results show that the TDS and pH values in the high-protein feed are higher than in the low-protein feed, while the temperature fluctuates. At the end of the observation, there is a significant difference in the morphometry of catfish fed with high-protein feed, where the body weight, head width, and body length are higher. The difference in body weight of catfish fed with high-protein feed is significantly higher (119.58±16.72 g) compared to those fed with low-protein feed (52.20±4.80 g). The average number of surviving catfish fed with high-protein feed is lower (27.60±8.23 fish) compared to the other group (44.00±2.55 fish). Proximate testing indicates that catfish meat with high-protein feed also has higher protein, fat, and carbohydrate content.  Histological analysis shows that catfish with high-protein feed have longer villi and  higher number of goblet cells, while the length of the gastric pits is lower. This research demonstrates that high-protein feed has an impact on fish quality, while ensuring water quality to reduce catfish mortality rates in catfish pond culture.
Study of the Efficacy of Different Concentrations of Alcohol-Based Hand Sanitizer in Preventing Pathogen Transmission Through Palms
Authors: Ekawati Evy Ratnasari , Santoso Setyo Dwi , Pradana Muhammad Sungging , Santoso Andreas Putro Ragil , Hanum Mufida , Khoir Intan Wahyunillah Zaidah , Arifina Rosyidatul
Published: November 2024

An integral part of the human body is the hands, which most frequently come into contact with various items; they can be an intermediary for spreading infections from hands to food and potentially eaten by humans. Maintaining hand hygiene is the right strategy to avoid this spread, which includes using an alcohol-based hand sanitizer. This study examines the potential for varying concentrations of alcohol-based hand sanitizer to transmit pathogens through the palms. The form of research is a laboratory experiment with an appropriate research design. Test the antibacterial potential of variations in alcohol-based hand sanitizer concentrations of 40, 50, 60, 70, and 70% using well diffusion and dilution methods. The tests were done in quadruplicates. The test bacteria used are Escherichia coli, Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus. The results of the research showed that of the four variations in the concentration of alcohol-based hand sanitizer, the bacteriostatic ability against Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria was at a concentration of 40% to 80%. The bactericidal activity at a concentration of 80% was demonstrated by Escherichia coli, Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. Bactericidal activity was demonstrated against Escherichia coli, Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus at an 80% concentration.
Vízirovarok polarizációérzékelése, poláros ökológiai csapdák
Authors: Kriska György
Published: November 2024

Az áttekintő tanulmányban bemutatott kutatások egyrészt új adatokat eredményeztek különböző vízirovartaxonok polarizációérzékelésével és ennek biológiai szerepével kapcsolatban, másrészt bemutatták különböző mesterséges poláros fényforrások és polarizációs mintázatok vízirovarokra kifejtett hatásait. Az első részben ismertetett kutatások a kérészek (Ephemeroptera), a szitakötők (Odonata), az árvaszúnyogok (Chironomidae) és a bögölyök (Tabanidae) körében tártak fel olyan fénypolarizáció-érzékelésen alapuló viselkedésformákat, amelyek meghatározó szerepet töltenek be az egyes taxonok túlélésében. A második tematikai egységbe sorolt kutatások nyomán vált egyértelművé, hogy a polarotaktikus vízirovarok tojásrakásra sokszor a vízfelszínnel szemben előnyben részesítenek olyan, élőhelynek teljesen alkalmatlan mesterséges felületeket, melyek erősen és vízszintesen poláros fényt vernek vissza. Az ilyen mesterséges felületek közelében gyakorta megfigyelhető szembeszökő mértékű rovarpusztulás fontos szerepet játszott az ökológiai csapda fogalmának tudományos meghatározásában. Az ökológiai csapdák speciális formája a vízirovarokat fenyegető poláros fényszennyezés, melynek tipikus forrásai a kőolaj- és pakuratavak, az aszfaltutak, a mezőgazdaságban használatos fekete műanyag fóliák, az üvegházak és épületek üvegfelületei, az autók karosszériája, fekete sírkövek, a napelemek és napkollektorok. Ha egy polarotaktikus vízirovar választhat e vízszintesen polarizáló felületek és egy vízfelület között, akkor az előbbiek szupernormális polarizációs jele miatt nem a vizet választja. E jelenségnek a feltárása vezetett el az ökológiai fényszennyezés egy új válfajának, a poláros fényszennyezésnek a felismeréséhez és meghatározásához.
Az ember általi környezet-átalakítás és az ivarváltás evolúciós ökológiája kétéltűeknél
Authors: Bókony Veronika
Published: November 2024

Napjainkban az ökológia, az evolúcióbiológia és a természetvédelem számára kiemelkedően fontos azoknak a biológiai változásoknak a megértése, amelyek révén az élőlények megbirkóznak az ember általi környezet-átalakítás kihívásaival. Dolgozatom ezt a kérdéskört vizsgálja a változó testhőmérsékletű gerinces állatok, azon belül is elsősorban a kétéltűek szempontjából, melyeknek számos faja veszélyeztetett. A dolgozatban áttekintett kísérletek és terepi megfigyelések sora igazolta, hogy a kémiai környezetszennyezésnek kitett területeken élő barnavarangy-populációk az ember által átalakított környezetre számos élettani változással reagálnak, melyek hatékonyabb védekezést tesznek lehetővé a környezeti stresszhatásokkal szemben. Kiderült továbbá, hogy az erdei béka hazai populációiban, különösen a városi és mezőgazdasági területeken gyakori az ivarváltás, azaz a genetikailag nőstény egyedek egy része hím fenotípusú. Ennek oka részben a hőhullámokban keresendő, és a hőség által indukált ivarváltás a rátermettség csökkenésével jár együtt. Emellett az elméleti modellezéssel végzett vizsgálataink kimutatták, hogy az ivarváltás bekövetkezésének esélye, valamint populációdinamikai és evolúciós következményei függenek az ivari kromoszómák típusától és a párválasztási preferenciáktól. Ezek az eredmények rávilágítanak a kémiai környezetszennyezés, a klímaváltozás és a városi hősziget-effektus potenciális következményeinek sokrétűségére, amelyek különös mértékben fenyegetik a környezeti hatásokra érzékeny ivari fejlődésű állatfajok fennmaradását.
Tenemos las patentes… ¿y ahora qué?
Authors: Zukerfeld Mariano , Liaudat Santiago , Britto Fabian Andres
Published: November 2024

Este artículo indaga en qué medida las solicitudes de patentes de invención, que contaron con financiamiento del sistema CyT argentino, se han licenciado y explotado comercialmente. Este tópico fundamental para orientar las políticas de transferencia de tecnología, sin embargo, no ha sido abordado cuantitativamente. Esta investigación busca subsanar parcialmente esa vacancia mediante una encuesta, la cual fue respondida por 145 investigadores responsables de proyectos PICT –principal instrumento de financiamiento a la CyT del país– que han sido inventores y/o solicitantes de patentes. Entre los principales resultados destacan: i. un 28% declara que tiene al menos licenciada una patente, mientras que un 12% tiene al menos una en explotación; ii. las tasas de licenciamiento y explotación son más bajas cuando la patente se solicita en la Argentina que cuando se tramita en oficinas del extranjero; iii. la principal causa señalada para la falta de transferencia es la ausencia de demanda o vinculación con adoptantes de la tecnología.
The 2024 American Orthopaedic Association-Japanese Orthopaedic Association Traveling Fellowship
Authors: McDonald Lucas S. , Hynes Kelly K. , Parry Joshua A. , Stephens Byron F. , Schwab Joseph H.
Published: November 2024

In 1992, the American Orthopaedic Association-Japanese Orthopaedic Association (AOA-JOA) Traveling Fellowship was created to develop and enhance collaboration between the Japanese and American orthopaedic communities. The fellowship is geared to early-career surgeons and fosters clinical and cultural exchange between members of the 2 countries. In 2024, the fellows hailed from around the United States: Kelly K. Hynes, Lucas S. McDonald, Joshua A. Parry, Joseph H. Schwab, and Byron F. Stephens all participated in the program. During the 3-week fellowship, the fellows visited 8 academic centers across Japan and attended the JOA Annual Meeting in Fukuoka. This experience was incredibly rewarding, both clinically and professionally, and all the fellows returned home with novel ideas for their clinical practices.
Problems and Solution Suggestions Related to Logistics Processes in Cross-Border E-Commerce: Evaluations Towards E-Export in Bursa Province
Authors: Sönmezay Mine , Yıldırır Keser Hilal
Published: November 2024

Rapidly growing e-commerce, due to globalization and the impact of the Covid-19 epidemic, has significantly increased global demand, and cross-border e-commerce has become a frequently mentioned concept. Cross-border e-commerce, which also triggers the development of international trade, has begun to influence the economic policies of countries, especially with its e-export dimension. The most important factor behind the development and success of cross-border e-commerce can be expressed as being its logistics services. E-commerce processes achieve success with the effectiveness of these services. However, as in many countries, problems may occur in logistics processes in Türkiye, which may prevent cross-border e-commerce companies from using their potential. In this context, in the study, firstly, the concepts of e-commerce and cross-border e-commerce are discussed and the concept of e-export is clarified. Then, logistics services in cross-border e-commerce are explained. Finally, a qualitative research is conducted to reveal the logistics problems encountered in cross-border e-commerce, and the findings of in-depth interviews with companies engaged in e-export in Bursa are evaluated.
Yerel ve Küresel Risklerin Arttığı 21. Yüzyılda Kariyer Şokları
Authors: Aşkun Volkan
Published: November 2024

Kariyer şoku, son yıllarda mesleki araştırmalarda ilgi görmeye başlamıştır. İnsanlar profesyonel yaşamları boyunca, kronik hastalık veya iş kaybı gibi sürdürülemez kariyer yollarına yol açabilecek çeşitli beklenmedik şoklarla karşılaşmaya eğilimlidir. Bir kişinin mesleki yörüngesini etkileyen önemli ve genellikle beklenmedik olaylar olan kariyer şokları, COVID-19 sonrası çalışmalarda yoğunlaşarak incelenmektedir. Bu anlamda çalışma, 57 makale özelinde kariyer şokları yazınının kapsamlı bir incelemesini ve sentezini sunmaktadır. Çalışma, bibliyometrik ve sistematik analizle kariyer şokları özelindeki teorik ve ampirik çalışmaları yorumlayıcı paradigma yoluyla sentezleyerek bu alanda çalışacak araştırmacılara kapsamlı içgörüler sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla, ortak atıf ve bibliyografik eşleştirme analizi kullanılarak yazının entelektüel yapısı ve araştırma çerçevesi ortaya konulmaktadır. Bütünleştirici içgörülere dayanarak, özellikle Türkiye'deki insan kaynakları yönetimi araştırmacılarının kariyer şoklarının teorik, ampirik ve metodolojik gelişimi adına bir araştırma gündemi önerilmektedir.
Estimating Farm Level Financing Gap and Allocative Efficiency Among Tomato Producers in North West, Nigeria
Authors: Oladele Olugbenga , Maharazu Ibrahim , Alabı Olugbenga Omotayo , Aluwong Jeremiah
Published: November 2024

The study estimates farm level financing gap and allocative efficiency among tomato producers in North West, Nigeria. Primary data are collected based on a well-structured questionnaire. The result shows that the significant stimulus influencing technical efficiency of tomato producers are farm size, seed, fertilizer, chemical, and labour. The significant regressors influencing technical inefficiency of tomato producers are age, amount of credit received, years of experience, educational level, and extension contact. The addition of first order derivatives of the production factors which is called the scale efficiency shows the decreasing return to scale in the frontier version adding up to 0.9748. The outcomes of the allocative efficiency [r] show that tomato producers under-utilized seed, land, fertilizer, chemical, and labour. The mean amount of finance (credit) per season the tomato producers had obtained is N 54,470, while the mid-estimate of financing gap (FINGAP) in the form of finance (credit) needed to produce (yield) at the frontier stage is N 312,641.66, this shows a credit shortfall of about 82.57%. Filling the FINGAP of smallholder tomato producers would increase the efficiency and productivity of rice farmers to meet the rise in demand.