bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PREVALÊNCIA DE HIPERTENSÃO ARTERIAL EM ADULTOS CADASTRADOS A ESTRATÉGIA DE SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA DE MUCUGÊ BAHIA
Authors: Débora Pinheiro Alves Ferreira  , Carlito Lopes Nascimento Sobrinho
Published: June 2023

A hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) é uma doença crônico não transmissível (DCNT), de origem multifatorial, assintomática e de evolução gradual, caracterizada por elevação sustentada da pressão arterial sistólica igual ou superior a 140 milímetros de mercúrio (PAS ≥140 mmHg) e/ou pressão arterial diastólica igual ou superior a 90 milímetros de mercúrio (PAD ≥ 90 mmHg), produzindo de forma consistente lesão nas artérias de grande, médio e pequeno calibres, bem como, lesões no coração e em outros órgãos nobres como cérebro e rins (Brasil, 2013).
ESTUDO FITOQUÍMICO E LETALIDADE FRENTE À Artemia salina DAS FRAÇÕES DOS EXTRATOS HEXANO E CLOROFÓRMIO DE Polygala boliviensis
Authors: Geovanna da Silva Campos Conceição  , Danielle Figueredo da Silva
Published: June 2023

O uso de plantas é uma prática antiga e ainda dotada de confiança pela população, entretanto muitas ainda têm suas propriedades pouco estudadas na literatura. Nesse aspecto o Brasil apresenta grande potencial, pois é detentor de grande biodiversidade e encontra-se muitas descrições de uso popular de plantas.
SOLUÇÕES INDICADAS PARA O ARMAZENAMENTO DE DENTES HUMANOS
Authors: Ítalo Henrique dos Santos Rodrigues  , Wanessa Maria Aras Lima
Published: June 2023

O Banco de Dentes Humanos (BDH) foi criado nos anos 2000, com o intuito de suprir as necessidades acadêmicas e minimizar o comércio ilegal de elementos dentários. Envolve diversas atividades tais como, recepção, preparação, desinfecção, manipulação, seleção, preservação, catalogação, estocagem, cessão, empréstimo, administração dos dentes doados e Educação para a Ética (Pereira, 2014).
PREVALÊNCIA DE HAS E DIABETES MELLITUS EM TRABALHADORES FEIRANTES E FATORES DE RISCOS ASSOCIADOS AO SEU APARECIMENTO
Authors: Paulo Henrique Marinho dos Santos  , Geralda Aldina Dias Rodrigues
Published: June 2023

A partir do século XX, o desemprego gerado pela crise no modo de produção capitalista, provocou transformações significativas no sistema organizacional e social do trabalho. Dentre as mudanças, destaca-se o aumento do trabalho informal, estratégia utilizada pelos trabalhadores como alternativa para buscar sua subsistência (SILVA, 2020). Guimarães (2004), afirma que em meios a tantas atividades informais, estão as feiras livres, que por sua vez ocupam um papel fundamental na economia.
FATORES ASSOCIADOS A IDEAÇÃO SUICIDA NA POPULAÇÃO URBANA DE FEIRA DE SANTANA,2018-2019
Authors: Sibelly dos Santos Lima  , Aline Silva Gomes
Published: June 2023

A ideação suicida compreende uma das fases que antecedem ao suicídio acionadas por situações gatilhos que envolve o indivíduo, as fases subsequentes desse ciclo compreendem ao planejamento e a tentativa de suicídio e por fim o suicídio que é o extremo do comportamento suicida que hoje é o problema de saúde pública com repercussões mundialmente. Portanto a ideação suicida é um indicativo para a ocorrência de suicídio futuro caso não ocorra intervenção correta por se tratar da fase inicial, ou seja, pré- suicídio atrai estigmas e preconceitos, dificultando abordagens técnicas e de prevenção (FERRACIOLI et al., 2019).
UTILIZAÇÃO DE FERRAMENTAS IN SILICO PARA A IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE INIBIDORES DA TIROSINA FOSFATASE A DO Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Víctor Magno Miranda de Oliveira  , Manoelito Coelho dos Santos Junior
Published: June 2023

A tuberculose (TB) é uma doença infectocontagiosa causada pela Mycobacterium tuberculosis que afeta principalmente os pulmões, mas, também pode ocorrer em outros órgãos do corpo (tuberculose extrapulmonar). Mesmo sendo uma das doenças infecciosas mais antigas, bem conhecida e há mais de meio século vulnerável ao tratamento medicamentoso, a TB permanece como um dos principais agravos à saúde a ser enfrentado em âmbito global (GENGENBACHER et al., 2008).
Validade fatorial do Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) para o rastreamento de transtorno mental comum em familiares que tiveram um parente na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva
Authors: Vivian Manuela Lima dos Santos  , Camila Dourado Reis
Published: June 2023

A hospitalização de um indivíduo na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) altera a vida deste e da sua família, uma vez que deparam-se com uma nova realidade frente à hospitalização. Este evento pode gerar sofrimento psíquico e influenciar no surgimento de disfunções como os Transtornos Mentais Comuns (TMC) (HORN; TESH, 2000; NEVES et al., 2018).
ÉTICA NA PESQUISA ENVOLVENDO SERES HUMANOS E BIOÉTICA
Authors: Mendes da Silva Ito Maricélia , Nilo Henrique Neves dos Reis
Published: June 2023

A palavra “bio-ethics”, ganha contornos inusitados nos escritos de Potter – “Bioética: ciência da sobrevivência” (1970) e “Bioética: ponte para o futuro”, (1971), embora Fritza Jahr tenha usado pela primeira vez no artigo publicado na Revista Kosmos: “Bioética: um panorama sobre as relações éticas do ser humano com os animais e as plantas”.
O shopping popular cidade das compras como o novo vetor de crescimento do comércio informal e da reorganização territorial de Feira de Santana/BA
Authors: Renata dos Santos Moreira  , Telma Maria Sousa dos Santos
Published: June 2023

A cidade é um espaço produzido com base nas relações sociais e interesses que refletem as necessidades da sociedade, que de acordo com Salgueiro (1992) se configura enquanto uma entidade individualizadora, que desenrola um conjunto expressivo ediversificado de atividades.
A CONSTITUIÇÃO DA BRANQUITUDE NO BRASIL: TORÇÕES ENTRE RAÇA, GÊNERO E RELAÇÕES DE PODER NA PRODUÇÃO DE SUJEITOS E MUNDOS
Authors: Vitoria Pereira Mendes da Silva  , Diego Arthur Lima Pinheiro
Published: June 2023

A branquitude é a identidade do branco (CARDOSO, 2008), sendo que a brancura é o marcador de superioridade, e a partir dessa a branquitude vê e classifica o outro com inferior. Essa identidade implica vantagens materiais, econômicas, sociais, de classe, gênero e estéticas, sendo essas vantagens fruto de relações de poder díspares (SILVA, 2017).
ANALÍTICA CONTRASTIVA DAS NARRATIVAS SOBRE CURRÍCULO, ENSINO E FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES-FORMADORES E LICENCIADOS EGRESSOS DOS CURSOS DE LICENCIATURA EM PEDAGOGIA E GEOGRAFIA DA UEFS
Authors: Aleane de Sousa Miranda  , Ana Verena Freitas Paim
Published: June 2023

Esta produção provém de ações realizadas na Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), a qual integra o Plano de Trabalho de Iniciação Científica que tem como título “Analítica contrastiva das narrativas sobre currículo, ensino e formação de professores-formadores e licenciados egressos dos Cursos de Licenciatura em Pedagogia e Geografia da UEFS”
A IMPLATAÇÃO DE BIBLIOTECAS NO SISTEMA DE ENSINO DO MUNICÍPIO DE FEIRA DE SANTANA: UM ESTUDO A PARTIR DO PME
Authors: Alessandra Rodrigues de Assis  , Fabio Dantas de Souza Silva
Published: June 2023

O presente trabalho busca analisar a implantação e manutenção de bibliotecas no sistema de ensino do município de Feira de Santana, a partir da análise das metas e estratégias do Plano Municipal de Educação. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de análise documental. O recorte temático está vinculado ao Projeto de Pesquisa “Os Planos Municipais de Educação dos Municípios do Território Portal do Sertão: Um estudo sobre a educação do campo”, sob a coordenação do professor doutor Fábio Dantas de Souza Silva.
LETRAMENTO LITERÁRIO E MODOS DE SUBJETIVAÇÃO DE MULHERES NEGRAS EM PROFUNDANÇAS: ANTOLOGIA LITERÁRIA E FOTOGRÁFICA E LENDO MULHERES NEGRAS
Authors: Beatriz Ferreira dos Santos  , Renailda Ferreira Cazumba
Published: June 2023

Apesar dos avanços recentes na valorização e potencialização da literatura negra no Brasil, a autoria negra feminina ainda enfrenta processos de silenciamentos e invisibilidade dentro dos espaços literários brasileiros. Nessa conjectura, e na contramão das grandes editoras hegemônicas, observa-se uma crescente movimentação de projetos literários independentes que buscam o fortalecimento, a publicação e a divulgação dos escritos de mulheres marginalizadas.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DOS ATOS DE CURRÍCULO QUE CONCORREM PARA UMA SÓLIDA BASE FORMATIVA EM CURSOS DE LICENCIATURA DA UEFS
Authors: Edna Ferreira de Almeida  , Andre Luiz Brito Nascimento
Published: June 2023

Este estudo está atrelado ao projeto de pesquisa “Tal formação, tal ensino? uma (re)leitura das políticas de sentido do ensino de professores-formadores como atos de currículo que podem qualificar a formação do licenciado e suas práticas docentes em sala de aula”, e investiga e analisa os atos de currículo que são tidos como fundamentais à formação docente, na perspectiva de egressos e professores-formadores dos cursos de Licenciatura em História e Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS).
VOZES ANCESTRAIS QUILOMBOLAS: TRANSMISSÃO DE NARRATIVAS E SABERES TRADICIONAIS PARA AS CRIANÇAS E JOVENS NO GRUPO RAIZES DO SAMBA DE TOCOS DE ANTONIO CARDOSO - BA
Authors: Eliziane Santos e Santos  , Renailda Ferreira Cazumba
Published: June 2023

As comunidades etnográficas e quilombolas situadas no município de Antônio Cardoso, estado da Bahia, se configuram irrefutavelmente enquanto matrizes dos saberes tradicionais e populares baianos, em suas mais diversas manifestações. Esse acervo cultural se constituiu ao longo da história principalmente pela via oral, por meio do “boca a boca”, pelas vozes dos mestres e mestras, grandes depositários do conhecimento popular.
O debate acerca do acesso à educação não é algo novo, e autores como o próprio Anísio Teixeira (2001) já discutia acerca das disparidades existentes entre a educação das classes populares e das classes mais abastadas.
Authors: Santos Silva Gabriela , Jacqueline Nunes Araujo Brito
Published: June 2023

O debate acerca do acesso à educação não é algo novo, e autores como o próprio Anísio Teixeira (2001) já discutia acerca das disparidades existentes entre a educação das classes populares e das classes mais abastadas.
A CONSTITUIÇÃO IDENTITÁRIA DOCENTE À LUZ DOS CONTEXTOS RELACIONAIS COM OS ESTUDANTES NA UNIVERSIDADE
Authors: Philipi Santos Anunciação  , Edicarla dos Santos Marques
Published: June 2023

A prática docente, em função da sua própria natureza social, é intrínseca ao desenvolvimento de aprendizagens, habilidades e dotada de mutabilidade. A formação continuada do ser-docente, resultante dos desafios, experiências e relações interpessoais – principalmente com os estudantes – cotidianamente vivenciadas nos contextos educativos, tem sido cada vez mais associada à constituição identitária, também continuada, de professores universitários.
PREVALÊNCIA DE TRANSTRNOS MENTAIS COMUNS EM HOMENS DOCENTES DA UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE FEIRA DE SANTANA E ASSOCIAÇÃO COM ATIVIDADE FÍSICA EM TEMPO DE LAZER
Authors: Tâmara Verdino Morais Assunção  , Denize Pereira de Azevedo Freitas
Published: June 2023

Discutir saúde mental, é, em termos gerais, entrelaçar profundamente os aspectos físicos, mentais e sociais, uma vez que está ligada com diversos fatores biopsicossociais que são interdependentes. Esses fatores biopsicossociais incluem a condição física e sociocultural destes indivíduos e o trabalho está intimamente relacionado a esses fatores, pois, é um elemento estruturante da subjetividade humana.
MULHERES QUILOMBOLAS: CONTRIBUIÇÕES DOS SABERES POPULARES PARA A ALFABETIZAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA
Authors: Urânia Santos das Chagas  , Marta Alencar dos Santos
Published: June 2023

No âmbito educacional voltado ao ensino de química e outras ciências naturais, a alfabetização científica (AC) tem certo protagonismo quando o assunto é ensino-aprendizagem, sendo considerada um recurso necessário para uma prática pedagógica bem efetivada. Áttico Chassot (2003) defende que “a ciência seja uma linguagem; assim, ser alfabetizado cientificamente é saber ler a linguagem em que está escrita a natureza”.
RELAÇÃO PROFESSOR E ESTUDANTE NO CURSO DE QUÍMICA: APRENDIZAGEM EXPERIENCIAL DA DOCÊNCIA
Authors: Victória Beatriz Conceição do Amor Divino  , Fabricio Oliveira da Silva
Published: June 2023

A formação inicial de professores estrutura-se, também, por princípios relacionais entre distintos sujeitos que interagem no espaço educativo. Segundo Silva (2017), a aprendizagem da docência constrói-se a partir de um movimento que insere o sujeito no cotidiano da escola e o faz conviver em meio às produções das atividades escolares, em que conhecimentos da docência vão sendo tecidos e gerando espaço para a produção de experiências, consideradas uma espécie de alicerce para as reflexões que o licenciando produz sobre si, no percurso de sua própria formação.
SOBRE ENSINAR-APRENDER HISTÓRIA: O QUE DIZEM ESTUDANTES E PROFESSORES DO ENSINO MÉDIO DE FEIRA DE SANTANA - BAHIA
Authors: Victória Souza e Galvão  , Edicarla dos Santos Marques
Published: June 2023

No projeto de pesquisa tive como propósito investigar as concepções e práticas de ensino e aprendizagem de História entre estudantes e professores de escolas públicas e privadas de Feira de Santana. Assim, apresento resultados e hipóteses sobre a compreensão dos entrevistados acerca do ensinar e do aprender histórico, enfatizando os posicionamentos em relação às práticas de sala de aula, a finalidade da história e o interesse por temas estudados, analisando comparativamente as perspectivas de docentes e discentes
LINHA DO TEMPO DAS PLATAFORMAS DE MÚSICA NO BRASIL
Authors: Adilson Souza Argolo Neto  , Bruno Westermann
Published: June 2023

A mediação de plataformas online em diferentes âmbitos da vida cotidiana é um fenômeno que possui pouco mais de vinte anos, mas que se intensificou na última década. No campo da música, segundo dados do Global Music Report 2021, em 2020 os serviços de streaming já eram responsáveis por 62% da arrecadação total da indústria fonográfica (US$ 13,4 bilhões), sendo a principal fonte de receitas, com larga vantagem em relação à venda de mídia física, direitos de execução, dentre outras (IFPI, 2022).
A Comissão de Melhoramento do Rio São Francisco (CMRSF): atualização de mapas do século XIX
Authors: Conceição Macedo da Silva Anderson , Ivoneide de Franca Costa
Published: June 2023

A Comissão de Melhoramento do Rio São Francisco (CMRSF) foi criada em 1883 para executar melhoramentos no rio com objetivo de facilitar a navegação. Os mapas da comissão foram produzidos, manualmente, pelos engenheiros desenhistas que faziam parte da equipe.
HISTÓRIAS CANTADAS: REPERTÓRIO DOS MESTRES E MESTRAS DA TRADIÇÃO DO PROJETO CHEGANÇAS
Authors: Eduarda Lacerda Queiroz  , Claudia Elisiane Ferreira dos Santos
Published: June 2023

O plano de trabalho “Histórias cantadas: repertório dos mestres e mestras da tradição do Projeto Cheganças” faz parte da pesquisa “Cacimba de histórias: vidas e saberes dos contadores de histórias tradicionais de cidades do interior da Bahia”, uma ação do Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Poéticas Orais, e tem como objetivo geral investigar as histórias de vida de contadores de histórias tradicionais de cidades do interior da Bahia a fim de construir intercâmbios entre os saberes tradicionais e o conhecimento acadêmico relacionados aos repertórios e à performance das tradições orais e da cultura popular.
ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA DOS PROGRAMAS DE IPTU VERDE DOS MUNICÍPIOS BAIANOS DE ILHÉUS E LAURO DE FREITAS
Authors: Matheus Vitor Oliveira Leal  , Jose Renato Sena Oliveira
Published: June 2023

A utilização de políticas públicas ambientais tem se tornado um importante estímulo às atividades sustentáveis no país. No caso dos municípios, uma das políticas implementadas diz respeito à adoção extrafiscal do Imposto sobre a Propriedade Predial e TerritorialUrbana (IPTU), de modo a induzir a preservação ambiental e mitigar o uso desordenado dos recursos naturais, no que se denomina IPTU Verde.
Estudo da Tradição de Pesquisa em Física de Campos no Brasil
Authors: Vieira Pedro Henrique Cerqueira , Milton Souza Ribeiro
Published: June 2023

Este trabalho tem sido construído com a intenção de compreender os processos que levaram ao desenvolvimento e consolidação das pesquisas em física no Brasil e como o estabelecimento do das atividades de pesquisas científicas contribuíram e concomitantemente foi influenciada pela formação da comunidade científica no país. Em especial temos levado em conta dois agravos, o olhar para as pesquisas em Física de Campos e ao período entre as décadas de 1930 e 1950.
ESTUDO ESPECTROSCÓPICO DA GALÁXIA COLISIONAL AM 0658-590 (NED01 E NED02)
Authors: Silva Freitas Raquel , Vera Aparecida Fernandes Martin
Published: June 2023

Um dos problemas mais interessantes da Astrofísica Moderna é entender como as galáxias se formam e evoluem. Processos gravitacionais são comuns no Universo, envolvendo fusões, colisões e marés, produzindo cenários morfológicos intrigantes enão usuais.
Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy for accurate margin assessment in breast-conserving surgeries: importance of an optimal number of fibers
Authors: Veluponnar Dinusha , Dashtbozorg Behdad , Jong Lynn-Jade S. , Geldof Freija , Da Silva Guimaraes Marcos , Vrancken Peeters Marie-Jeanne T. F. D. , van Duijnhoven Frederieke , Sterenborg Henricus J. C. M. , Ruers Theo J. M. , de Boer Lisanne L.
Published: June 2023

During breast-conserving surgeries, it remains challenging to accomplish adequate surgical margins. We investigated different numbers of fibers for fiber-optic diffuse reflectance spectroscopy to differentiate tumorous breast tissue from healthy tissue ex vivo up to 2 mm from the margin. Using a machine-learning classification model, the optimal performance was obtained using at least three emitting fibers (Matthew’s correlation coefficient (MCC) of 0.73), which was significantly higher compared to the performance of using a single-emitting fiber (MCC of 0.48). The percentage of correctly classified tumor locations varied from 75% to 100% depending on the tumor percentage, the tumor-margin distance and the number of fibers.
Ultrabroadband vanadium-dioxide-based metamaterial absorber based on two resonance modes at a terahertz frequency
Authors: Zou Yuke , Lin Hongyan , Wu Yangkuan , Yao Qi , Zhu Huaxin , Wang Ben-Xin
Published: June 2023

A terahertz (THz) ultrabroadband metamaterial absorber consisting of a periodically patterned vanadium dioxide (VO2) array, loss-free dielectric layer, and a continuous gold film is designed. Its resonance features can be dynamically tuned by applying different temperatures to the VO2 to promote phase transformation. When the VO2 is in the metallic state, the designed metamaterial has an absorption bandwidth of 6.08 THz with an absorptivity more than 90%, from 3.84 THz to 9.92 THz. The broadband absorption is attributed to the combination of two absorption peaks localized at 4.73 THz and 9.05 THz that are based on the localized resonance mode and surface lattice resonance mode. Taking advantage of the temperature phase transition of  VO2, the designed absorber can be switched between ultrabroadband absorption and near-total reflection. Its maximum modulation depth can reach 99%, and it achieves an excellent modulation effect with a bandwidth of about 6 THz. The physical mechanism of the ultrabroadband absorption is discussed through an analysis of the near-field distribution and the current density distribution of the absorption peaks. The effect of structural parameters on the absorption are also investigated. The designed metamaterial absorber could have application potential in THz imaging, THz communications and smart devices.
Dynamics of a multipartite hybrid quantum system with beamsplitter, dipole–dipole, and Ising interactions
Authors: Laha Pradip
Published: June 2023

The possibility of exploiting heterogeneous quantum systems to high precision, for storing, processing, and transmitting information, makes them ideal candidates for multitasking purposes in quantum communication. Appropriate quantum systems involving a judicious choice of interactions that augment each other are potentially useful for probing deep into quantum regimes. Here, we use one such hybrid bipartite quantum model, with one subsystem made of a pair of qubits and another comprising a pair of oscillators, to study the entanglement dynamics and the entanglement transfer between discrete and continuous variables. The basic model is the standard double Jaynes–Cummings model, which, under suitable conditions, is known to support both entanglement transfer and entanglement sudden death. In this work, we generalize this model to include further experimentally relevant interactions, such as the beamsplitter-type exchange interaction between the oscillators, and dipole–dipole and Ising-type interactions between the qubits. The way various interactions and initial oscillator states affect the entanglement dynamics is examined theoretically for generic experimental conditions. Using exact analytical solutions, we show that, compared to the beamsplitter or dipole–dipole interaction, the Ising interaction can have a significant positive impact on entanglement sudden death and birth, and the postponement of the onset of these phenomena, apart from producing a substantial reduction in the time duration of the death.
2022 JOSA B Emerging Researcher Best Paper Prize: editorial
Authors: Busch Kurt
Published: June 2023

JOSA B Editor-in-Chief Kurt Busch and the members of the 2022 Emerging Researcher Best Paper Prize Committee announce the recipients of the 2022 prize.
Towards a tapered Yb-doped fiber-based narrow linewidth single-mode fiber laser with a high signal to Raman ratio
Authors: Ye Yun , Meng Xiangming , Xi Xiaoming , Yan Zhiping , Yang Baolai , Pan Zhiyong , Wu Hanshuo , Zhang Hanwei , Shi Chen , Wang Xiaolin , Xu Xiaojun
Published: June 2023

We demonstrate an all-fiber high-power narrow-linewidth fiber laser based on a homemade tapered Yb-doped fiber (T-YDF). The laser performance is investigated and systematically compared with different seed powers and pump manners. The experimental results reveal that the injected seed power requires a trade-off designed to take into account the impact of spectral broadening, nonlinear effects, and transverse mode instability (TMI). Compared with the co-pump manner, the counter-pump manner performs well in inhibiting nonlinearities, spectral broadening, and improving the TMI threshold. Under the counter-pump manner, this narrow-linewidth T-YDF amplifier realized a 2.09 kW output power with a 3 dB spectral linewidth of ∼0.34 nm, a beam quality of M2∼1.28 and a high Raman suppression ratio over 53.5 dB, the highest reported power for such a T-YDF-based narrow-linewidth single-mode laser, to the best of our knowledge. This work provides a promising pathway towards implementing monolithic high-power narrow-linewidth single-mode fiber lasers.
Adaptive parallel decision deep neural network for high-speed equalization
Authors: Zhang Luo , Jie Jian , Mingche Lai
Published: June 2023

The equalization plays a pivotal role in modern high-speed optical wire-line transmission. Taking advantage of the digital signal processing architecture, the deep neural network (DNN) is introduced to realize the feedback-free signaling, which has no processing speed ceiling due to the timing constraint on the feedback path. To save the hardware resource of a DNN equalizer, a parallel decision DNN is proposed in this paper. By replacing the soft-max decision layer with hard decision layer, multi-symbol can be processed within one neural network. The neuron increment during parallelization is only linear with the layer count, rather than the neuron count in the case of duplication. The simulation results show that the optimized new architecture has competitive performance with the traditional 2-tap decision feedback equalizer architecture with 15-tap feed forward equalizer at a 28GBd, or even 56GBd, four-level pulse amplitude modulation signal with 30dB loss. And the training convergency of the proposed equalizer is much faster than its traditional counterpart. An adaptive mechanism of the network parameter based on forward error correction is also studied.
400 Gbit/s 4 mode transmission for IM/DD OAM mode division multiplexing optical fiber communication with a few-shot learning-based AffinityNet nonlinear equalizer
Authors: Wang Fei , Gao Ran , Li Zhipei , Liu Jie , Cui Yi , Xu Qi , Pan Xiaolong , Zhu Lei , Wang Fu , Guo Dong , Chang Huan , Zhou Sitong , Dong Ze , Zhang Qi , Tian Qinghua , Tian Feng , Huang Xin , Yan Jinghao , Jiang Lin , Xin Xiangjun
Published: June 2023

Nonlinear impairment in a high-speed orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode-division multiplexing (MDM) optical fiber communication system presents high complexity and strong stochasticity due to the massive optoelectronic devices. In this paper, we propose an Affinity Network (AffinityNet) nonlinear equalizer for an OAM-MDM intensity-modulation direct-detection (IM/DD) transmission with four OAM modes. The labeled training and testing signals from the OAM-MDM system can be regarded as “small sample” and “large target”, respectively. AffinityNet can be used to build an accurate nonlinear model using “small sample” based on few-shot learning and can predict the stochastic characteristic nonlinearity of OAM-MDM with a high level of generalization. As a result, the AffinityNet nonlinear equalizer can effectively compensate the stochastic nonlinearity in the OAM-MDM system, despite the large difference between the training and testing signals due to the stochastic nonlinear impairment. An experiment was conducted on a 400 Gbit/s transmission with four OAM modes using a pulse amplitude modulation-8 (PAM-8) signal over a 2 km ring-core fiber (RCF). Our experimental results show that the proposed nonlinear equalizer outperformed the conventional Volterra equalizer with improvements in receiver sensitivity of 1.7, 1.8, 3, and 3.3 dB for the four OAM modes at the 15% forward error correction (FEC) threshold, respectively. In addition, the proposed equalizer outperformed a convolutional neural network (CNN) equalizer with improvements in receiver sensitivity of 0.8, 0.5, 0.9, and 1.4 dB for the four OAM modes at the 15% FEC threshold. In the experiment, a complexity reduction of 37% and 83% of the AffinityNet equalizer is taken compared to the conventional Volterra equalizer and CNN equalizer, respectively. The proposed equalizer is a promising candidate for a high-speed OAM-MDM optical fiber communication system.
Terahertz broadband tunable chiral metamirror based on VO2-metal hybrid structure
Authors: Wang Xiangyang , Chen Ming , Zhao Wanli , Shi Xinyu , Han Wenhao , Li Renjie , Liu Jinbiao , Teng Chuanxin , Deng Shijie , Cheng Yu , Yuan Libo
Published: June 2023

Aiming at the problems of narrow working bandwidth, low efficiency, and complex structure of existing terahertz chiral absorption, we propose a chiral metamirror composed of C-shaped metal split ring and L-shaped vanadium dioxide (VO2). This chiral metamirror is composed of three layers of structure, a gold substrate at the bottom, the first polyethylene cyclic olefin copolymer (Topas) dielectric layer and VO2-metal hybrid structure as the top. Our theoretical results led us to show that this chiral metamirror has a circular dichroism (CD) value greater than 0.9 at 5.70 to 8.55 THz and has a maximum value of 0.942 at f = 7.18 THz. In addition, by adjusting the conductivity of VO2, the CD value can be continuously adjustable from 0 to 0.942, which means that the proposed chiral metamirror supports the free switching of the CD response between the on and off states, and the CD modulation depth exceeds 0.99 in the range of 3 to 10 THz. Moreover, we discuss the influence of structural parameters and the change of incident angle on the performance of the metamirror. Finally, we believe that the proposed chiral metamirror has important reference value in the terahertz range for constructing chiral light detectors, CD metamirrors, switchable chiral absorbers and spin-related systems. This work will provide a new idea for improving the terahertz chiral metamirror operating bandwidth and promote the development of terahertz broadband tunable chiral optical devices.
Physical interpretation of intercore crosstalk in multicore fiber: effects of macrobend, structure fluctuation, and microbend: comment
Authors: Koshiba Masanori
Published: June 2023

To estimate the intercore crosstalk in uncoupled multicore fibers with cores’ propagation constants perturbed by bending, twist, and structure fluctuations, in the paper [Opt. Express 21, 5401 (2013)10.1364/OE.21.005401] entitled “Physical interpretation of intercore crosstalk in multicore fiber: effects of macrobend, structure fluctuation, and microbend,” Hayashi et al. derived an intuitively interpretable expression of the average power-coupling coefficient as the convolution of the arcsine and Lorentzian distributions, and calculated the derived expression numerically by performing the fast Fourier transform. In the present paper, we derive a closed-form solution of the convolution of the arcsine and Lorentzian distributions, and point out that the closed-form analytical expression derived here is exactly equivalent to the previously reported closed-form expression.
Experimental method of transfer function linewidth determination for laser amplifiers using FM-to-AM conversion
Authors: Boursier Elodie , Devaine Hadrien , Braud Alain , Montant Sébastien
Published: June 2023

We propose an experimental method for the determination of the transfer function linewidth of a laser amplifier. This technique is based on a transfer function scan using frequency modulation to amplitude modulation (FM-to-AM) temporal modulation measurement as a function of wavelength. Using this method, we show that the output spectrum of a laser amplifier in Q-switch mode is not representative of the transfer function of the amplifier.
Untrained deep learning-based differential phase-contrast microscopy
Authors: Seong Baekcheon , Kim Ingyoung , Moon Taegyun , Ranathunga Malith , Kim Daesuk , Joo Chulmin
Published: June 2023

Quantitative differential phase-contrast (DPC) microscopy produces phase images of transparent objects based on a number of intensity images. To reconstruct the phase, in DPC microscopy, a linearized model for weakly scattering objects is considered; this limits the range of objects to be imaged, and requires additional measurements and complicated algorithms to correct for system aberrations. Here, we present a self-calibrated DPC microscope using an untrained neural network (UNN), which incorporates the nonlinear image formation model. Our method alleviates the restrictions on the object to be imaged and simultaneously reconstructs the complex object information and aberrations, without any training dataset. We demonstrate the viability of UNN-DPC microscopy through both numerical simulations and LED microscope-based experiments.
Interplay of reorientational and thermal solitons: unveiling the dynamic coexistence and enhanced nonlinear response in nematic liquid crystals
Authors: Kwaśny Michał , Ostromęcka Iga , Klus Bartłomiej W. , Laudyn Urszula A.
Published: June 2023

Spatial solitons in nematic liquid crystals (NLC) are optical beams that maintain their transverse profile due to the self-focusing effect of light. The mechanism leading to the formation of solitons can be either light-induced reorientation of the elongated molecules or thermal changes in the refractive index induced by a light beam. The specific optical properties of nematic liquid crystals cause the reorientational and thermal solitons to coexist in NLC, and their mutual competition can lead to a reduction or enhancement of the overall nonlinear response of the NLC. The study of the interplay between reorientational and thermal solitons allows a better understanding of the conditions under which the solitons can coexist, compete, or enhance each other. Here, we show that the simultaneous existence of both soliton types can lead to a more robust and versatile nonlinear response and can be used in competitive and synergistic configurations by carefully controlling the temperature, intensity, and polarization of the propagating light. As a result of our experimental findings, it may be possible to shape the nature of the interplay between reorientational and thermal solitons and better understand the behavior of reorientational solitons under varying thermal conditions. Furthermore, understanding this mutual interplay may provide insights into the potential of advanced NLC-based photonic devices that exploit the joint effect of reorientational and thermal nonlinearities.
Comparison of internal boundary conditions for optical diffusion calculations considering reflection and refraction
Authors: Amano Toranosuke , Endo Tomohiro , Yamamoto Akio
Published: June 2023

A method to treat the internal boundary condition in an optical diffusion calculation is proposed and is compared with the conventional methods. One of the existing internal boundary conditions is Haskel's method, which uses the effective reflection coefficient for partial currents. However, Haskel's method ignores incoming partial currents from the adjacent mesh in its derivation. As a result, the accuracy at the internal boundary is lower. This paper proposes a method to improve the accuracy by iteratively updating the effective reflection coefficient for partial current. The proposed method was applied to the benchmark calculations on a one-dimensional slab geometry and its accuracy was confirmed by comparing it with the reference solution obtained by the Monte Carlo code MCML, along with the previously proposed Haskel's method and Aronson's method. As a result, it was confirmed that the proposed method is more accurate than Haskel's method at the internal boundary and gives the same result as Aronson's method. The convergence of the effective reflection coefficient using iterative calculations in the proposed method was good.
Generation of Bessel-like beams with reduced sidelobes for enhanced light-sheet microscopy
Authors: George Jerin Geogy , Dholakia Kishan , Bhattacharya Shanti
Published: June 2023

Bessel beams have found important applications due to their propagation invariant nature. However, the presence of sidelobes has proven a hindrance in key imaging and biophotonics applications. We describe the design and generation of sidelobe-suppressed Bessel-like beams (SSBB) that provide enhanced contrast for light-sheet imaging. The sidelobe suppression is achieved by the interference of two Bessel beams with slightly different wavevectors. Axicon phase functions for each Bessel beam are combined into a single phase function using the random multiplexing technique. This phase function is realised using a spatial light modulator to generate a SSBB. The generated beam at 633 nm has a 1/e 2 radius of 44 µm and a propagation invariant distance of 39 mm which is more than four times that of the Rayleigh range of a Gaussian beam with the same 1/e 2 radius. Within this distance, the overall peak intensity of the sidelobes of the SSBB is less than 10% that of the main lobe peak intensity. In addition, through numerical simulation for the recovery of spatial frequencies, we show that the SSBB improves image contrast compared to a Bessel beam for light-sheet imaging. We also show that the designed phase function can be realised using a meta-optical element.
Production of the antidepressant orcinol glucoside in Yarrowia lipolytica with yields over 6,400-fold higher than plant extraction
Authors: Chen Bihuan , Liu Xiaonan , Wang Yina , Bai Jie , Liu Xiangyu , Xiang Guisheng , Liu Wei , Zhu Xiaoxi , Cheng Jian , Lu Lina , Zhang Guanghui , Zhang Ge , Dai Zongjie , Zi Shuhui , Yang Shengchao , Jiang Huifeng
Published: June 2023

Orcinol glucoside (OG), mainly found in the rhizome of the traditional Chinese herb Curculigo orchioides Gaertn, is noted for its antidepressant effects. In this study, an efficient screening pipeline was established for identifying the highly active orcinol synthase (ORS) and UDP-dependent glycosyltransferase (UGT) involved in the biosynthesis of OG by combining transcriptome analysis, structure-based virtual screening, and in vitro enzyme activity assays. By enhancing the downstream pathway, metabolic engineering and fermentation optimization, the OG production in Yarrowia lipolytica was improved 100-fold, resulting in a final yield of 43.46 g/L (0.84 g/g DCW), which is almost 6,400-fold higher than the extraction yield from C. orchioides roots. This study provides a reference for rapid identification of functional genes and high-yield production of natural products.
Psychometric properties of the Generalised Anxiety Disorder Dimensional Scale in an Australian sample
Authors: Groves David , Binasis Theodora , Wootton Bethany , Moses Karen
Published: June 2023

The Generalised Anxiety Disorder Dimensional Scale is a new measure of generalised anxiety disorder developed to assist clinicians in the dimensional assessment of generalised anxiety disorder by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (Fifth Edition) Anxiety, Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum, Posttraumatic, and Dissociative Disorder Work Group. This study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the scale in an Australian community sample. A sample of 293 Australians (72.7% female) aged between 18 and 73 (M = 28.31 years; SD = 12.11 years) was recruited. Participants completed the Generalised Anxiety Disorder Dimensional Scale, as well as related measures used to assess convergent and discriminant validity. A small proportion of the sample (n = 21) completed the scale a second time to assess test-retest reliability. The scale demonstrated a unidimensional factor structure, good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = .94), good test-retest reliability (ICC = .85), good convergent validity with the Generalised Anxiety Disorder– 7 item (rs = .77), and discriminant validity with the Panic Disorder Severity Scale–Self Report (rs = .63). The scale appears to be a reliable and valid measure of generalised anxiety disorder symptomology for use in the Australian population.
Medical education during the Covid-19 pandemic long-term experiences of German clinical medical students
Authors: Gottschalk Marc , Milch Pascal M. , Albert Christian , Werwick Katrin , Braun-Dullaeus Ruediger C. , Stieger Philipp
Published: June 2023

Introduction

Due to the Covid-19 pandemic and the accompanying hygiene regulations, medical students in Germany faced multiple educational and personal challenges. The challenges included the cancellation and digitalisation of courses, the closing of university institutions such as libraries, a decrease in social contacts, and the risk of a Covid-19 infection. The aim of this study was to understand medical students’ pandemic experiences as well as the consequences of these experiences for the students’ future work as physicians.

Materials and methods

We performed 15 guided, one-on-one interviews with clinical medical students (third to fifth year) at the Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and anonymised. We performed a qualitative content analysis in accordance with Mayring and thereby formed an inductive category system. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) were applied.

Results

Five categories were inductively formed: “Changes in the teaching experience”, “negative effects on the learning experience”, “decrease in personal social contacts”, “contact with covid-19”, and “pandemic-associated stress increase”. The participating students reported higher levels of stress due to isolation and uncertainty regarding their educational future. Furthermore, students welcomed the digitalisation of lectures, developed individual coping strategies, and voluntarily took part in the care of Covid-19 patients. Limitations to social interactions were perceived as the major restrictive factor to their educational structure, their perceived learning success and personal development.

Conclusion

This study identified social restrictions as well as didactic and academic structural challenges as relevant factors contributing to perceived stress and fear for medical students during the Covid-19 pandemic, especially as regards their learning experience. Students’ acceptance of digitalised learning may enable regular interaction with university peers and may facilitate a structured educational life. However, the implementation of digital resources could not provide a sufficient substitute for in-person courses.
Using geographically weighted regression analysis to assess predictors of home birth hot spots in Ethiopia
Authors: Hailegebreal Samuel , Haile Firehiwot , Haile Yosef , Simegn Atsedu Endale , Enyew Ermias Bekele
Published: June 2023

Background

Annually, 30 million women in Africa become pregnant, with the majority of deliveries taking place at home without the assistance of skilled healthcare personnel. In Ethiopia the proportion of home birth is high with regional disparity. Also limited evidence on spatial regression and deriving predictors. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the predictors of home birth hot spots using geographically weighted regression in Ethiopia.

Methods

This study used secondary data from the 2019 Ethiopian Mini Demographic and Health Survey. First, Moran’s I and Getis-OrdGi* statistics were used to examine the geographic variation in home births. Further, spatial regression was analyzed using ordinary least squares regression and geographically weighted regression to predict hotspot area of home delivery.

Result

According to this result, Somalia, Afar, and the SNNPR region were shown to be high risk locations for home births. Women from rural residence, women having no-education, poorest wealth index, Muslim religion follower, and women with no-ANC visit were predictors of home delivery hotspot locations.

Conclusion

The spatial regression revealed women from rural resident, women having no-education, women being in the household with a poorest wealth index, women with Muslim religion follower, and women having no-ANC visit were predictors of home delivery hotspot regions. Therefore, governmental and other stakeholders should remain the effort to decrease home childbirth through access to healthcare services especially for rural resident, strengthen the women for antenatal care visits.
The Pioneer platform: A novel approach for selection of selective anti-cancer cytotoxic activity in bacteria through co-culturing with engineered human cells
Authors: Garland Gavin D. , Patil Kiran R. , Turner Suzanne D. , Willis Anne E.
Published: June 2023

Most of the small-molecule drugs approved for the treatment of cancer over the past 40 years are based on natural compounds. Bacteria provide an extensive reservoir for the development of further anti-cancer therapeutics to meet the challenges posed by the diversity of these malignant diseases. While identifying cytotoxic compounds is often easy, achieving selective targeting of cancer cells is challenging. Here we describe a novel experimental approach (the Pioneer platform) for the identification and development of ‘pioneering’ bacterial variants that either show or are conduced to exhibit selective contact-independent anti-cancer cytotoxic activities. We engineered human cancer cells to secrete Colicin M that repress the growth of the bacterium Escherichia coli, while immortalised non-transformed cells were engineered to express Chloramphenicol Acetyltransferase capable of relieving the bacteriostatic effect of Chloramphenicol. Through co-culturing of E. coli with these two engineered human cell lines, we show bacterial outgrowth of DH5α E. coli is constrained by the combination of negative and positive selection pressures. This result supports the potential for this approach to screen or adaptively evolve ‘pioneering’ bacterial variants that can selectively eliminate the cancer cell population. Overall, the Pioneer platform demonstrates potential utility for drug discovery through multi-partner experimental evolution.
Independent component analysis algorithms for non-invasive fetal electrocardiography
Authors: Jaros Rene , Barnova Katerina , Vilimkova Kahankova Radana , Pelisek Jan , Litschmannova Martina , Martinek Radek
Published: June 2023

The independent component analysis (ICA) based methods are among the most prevalent techniques used for non-invasive fetal electrocardiogram (NI-fECG) processing. Often, these methods are combined with other methods, such adaptive algorithms. However, there are many variants of the ICA methods and it is not clear which one is the most suitable for this task. The goal of this study is to test and objectively evaluate 11 variants of ICA methods combined with an adaptive fast transversal filter (FTF) for the purpose of extracting the NI-fECG. The methods were tested on two datasets, Labour dataset and Pregnancy dataset, which contained real records obtained during clinical practice. The efficiency of the methods was evaluated from the perspective of determining the accuracy of detection of QRS complexes through the parameters of accuracy (ACC), sensitivity (SE), positive predictive value (PPV), and harmonic mean between SE and PPV (F1). The best results were achieved with a combination of FastICA and FTF, which yielded mean values of ACC = 83.72%, SE = 92.13%, PPV = 90.16%, and F1 = 91.14%. Time of calculation was also taken into consideration in the methods. Although FastICA was ranked to be the sixth fastest with its mean computation time of 0.452 s, it had the best ratio of performance and speed. The combination of FastICA and adaptive FTF filter turned out to be very promising. In addition, such device would require signals acquired from the abdominal area only; no need to acquire reference signal from the mother’s chest.
FPL potentzia-bihurgailuen analisia akats elektrikoen zehar
Authors: Davila Asier , Planas Estefanía , Cortajarena José Antonio , DeMarcos Ander , Navarro Adriano Rai
Published: June 2023

Banaketa-sarea hainbat erronkari aurre egiten ari da, hala nola kontsumo elektrikoaren hazkundeari, baliabide berriztagarrien integrazioari eta abarri, eta horiek gaur egungo banaketa-sarea, sare adimenduagoetara bideratzen ari dira. Sare adimendu horietan, ezinbestekoa da potentzia-elektronika erabiltzea beharrezko funtzionalitate berriak gehitzeko, hala nola akats elektrikoak arintzeko. Alde horretatik, akats elektrikoak arintzean tentsio desorekatuak sortzen dira eta potentzia-bihurgailuak erabili daitezke tentsioak orekatzeko. Goi-tentsioko lineen kasuan, \textit{Flexible Power Links} (FPL) aukera egokia da, energia fluxua bi norabideetan kontrolatzeko gai izateaz gain, tentsio desorekatuak sor baititzake. Artikulu honek FPL potentzia-bihurgailuetan erabiltzen diren topologia nagusiak aztertzen ditu eta haien portaera aztertzen du akats monofasikoak arintzean. Simulazioaren emaitzak aztertu dira topologia bakoitzaren abantailak eta desabantailak lortuz.
Proteina matrizelularren inplikazioa gaixotasun neuropsikiatrikoetan, hevin proteinan zentratuta
Authors: Nuñez-delMoral Amaia , Erdozain Amaia , Callado Luis F.
Published: June 2023

Proteina matrizelularrak zelulaz kanpoko matrizeko (ZKM) molekulak dira, zeinek beste ZKMko molekuletatik bereizten dituzten funtzio espezifikoak baitituzte. Adibidez, zelulen funtzioa modulatzen dute eta gaitasun desitsaskorrak dituzte, besteak beste. Azkenengo urteetan, hainbat molekulek proteina matrizelularren ezaugarriak betetzen dituztela ikusi da, eta horien parte-hartzea nabarmenduz joan da gaixotasun neuropsikiatrikoetan. Lan honetan, alde batetik, proteina matrizelularren ezaugarriak eta talde honetako partaide nagusien funtzio garrantzitsuenak azalduko dira. Eta, bestetik, gehiago sakonduko da hevin proteina matrizelularraren funtzioetan, gaixotasun neuropsikiatrikoetan duen inplikazioa aipatuz.