bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular Mechanism and Signal Transduction of Resistance to Low-Temperature Stress Induced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GL18 in Avena sativa
Authors: Chen Lan , Wang Tian , Zhang Ying , Xie Yongli , Chang Feifei , Wu Lingling , Gao Ying , Li Junxi
Published: August 2024

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GL18 has been proven to have good resistance ability and can promote the growth of Avena sativa cultivar ‘Qingyan 1’. Herein, Illumina high-throughput transcriptome sequencing technology was used to analyze the differential expression of genes between the interaction group (LB) and the control group (LCK) when ‘Qingyan 1’ roots interacted with GL18 bacterial suspension or sterile water for 12 h under 4 °C low-temperature stress. The gene function annotation information was obtained using Gene Ontology (GO) functional classification and enrichment analysis. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis and annotation of differentially expressed genes was used to explore the related signal transduction pathway of ‘Qingyan 1’ response to cold stress induced by Bacillus GL18. The results showed that after ‘Qingyan 1’ seedlings interacted with GL18 bacterial suspension or sterile water for 12 h, comparing the LB with the LCK or CK (the control group at 26 °C), there were 12,061 and 25,489 differentially expressed genes, respectively. Their functions were mainly related to metabolic process, cellular process, catalytic activity, binding, and cellular parts, and they were significantly enriched in plant tissue growth and development, cell wall, organelle membrane synthesis, thiamine and its compounds, biosynthesis, polyamine decomposition, and other metabolic processes. Signal transduction was detected through KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, and corresponding genes, such as AUXI, PP2C, SNRK2, ABF, BRI1, and PIF4, were expressed. The expression of genes directly involved in plant growth was upregulated in the presence of GL18, as shown by real-time quantitative PCR analysis. It was speculated that the normal growth and development of ‘Qingyan 1’ under low-temperature stress promoted by GL18 is a result of the integration of multiple pathways in terms of regulating endogenous hormone metabolism, secondary metabolite synthesis, and photosynthesis.
Effectiveness of a Problem-Based Learning Approach in Clinical Teaching of The Undergraduate Nursing Students: An Integrative Literature Review
Authors: Manyisa Zodwa Margaret , Khunou Sisinyana Hannah
Published: August 2024

Aims: To explore the effectiveness of the PBL approach in the clinical teaching of undergraduate nursing students
Methods: An integrative literature review was used to evaluate the effectiveness of PBL in integrating theory and practice among nursing students in clinical practice. The review searched research articles published in English from 2013 to 2023. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) guidelines were used to identify relevant search terms, which included PBL. Articles that met the inclusion criteria entailed research articles published in peer-reviewed journals, written in English and the population of undergraduate nursing students. A matrix was developed that outlined (1)  characteristics of the study population and (2) challenges affecting the implementation and effectiveness of PBL in clinical teaching.
Results: The literature search revealed twenty-one (n=21) studies conducted in various countries. The studies highlighted positive experiences on the effectiveness of the PBL approach in the clinical teaching of undergraduate nursing students. Skills such as critical thinking, problem-solving, and patient diagnosis were attributed to using PBL in the simulation.
Conclusion: This paper contributes to the body of knowledge on the effectiveness of the PBL approach in the clinical teaching of undergraduate nursing students. It also contributes to the body of knowledge on PBL in nursing education, particularly in South Africa.
Factors Contributing to Bleeding in Breast Cancer Wounds: A Literature Review
Authors: Sari Nurmila , Haryanto Haryanto , Hastuti Lidia
Published: August 2024

Aims: In Indonesia, breast cancer ranks first in the number of new cases; there is a significant increase in the number of cases every year. Complications of breast cancer include bleeding that affects quality of life, psychology, activity limitations, anemia, increased treatment time, economic burden, and the threat of death. Breast cancer is often found in advanced stages, increasing the risk of bleeding. The literature review analyzes research articles that discuss factors associated with breast cancer wound bleeding.
Methods: Inclusion criteria include articles discussing breast cancer bleeding, cancer in general, cancer wounds, themes relevant to research, research can be a quantitative, qualitative, mixed method, meta-analysis, in English and Indonesian, from 2013 to 2023, full text. Keywords in the database are "risk factors," bleeding, breast cancer, and malignant wound. Literature searches use journal databases, namely Pubmed and ScienceDirect. This research uses the author's literature review method to analyze, evaluate, and criticize published research results.
Results: Fifteen articles met the inclusion criteria, most of them retrospective, examining factors of anticoagulation therapy on breast cancer bleeding, articles examining bleeding factors in several types of cancer, and five articles examining factors of post-operative breast cancer bleeding.
Conclusion:  Breast cancer wound bleeding factors are chemotherapy, radiation, comorbidities, malignant fungating wounds, BMI≥40, dressings, thrombocytopenia, reconstructive surgery, advanced stage, infection, and therapy (anticoagulants, anti-inflammatory pain relief, NSAIDs). Suggestions for further research are analyzing various bleeding factors, examining which factors are most related to bleeding, and looking at the pattern of relationships between several factors in bleeding.
Combined Use of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Its Healing Impact on Drug Abusers Who Are Addicted to Drugs: A Scoping Review
Authors: Aeni Nurul , Yosep Iyus , Sriati Aat
Published: August 2024

Aims: The aim of this study is to assist individuals in healing from addiction; it is essential to implement a combination of interventions, such as CBT, that are proven to be effective in treating drug abuse with a holistic approach that integrates psychological and social aspects for optimal results, according to empirical evidence.
Methods: The search databases for this study were PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Identify articles published in the last 10 years (2014-2024), Randomized Control Trials (RCTs), English and Indonesian, Full-Text, and Teenagers to the Elderly. Using the PRISMA flowchart, data extraction and scoping with keywords (English): "Drug Addict OR Substance Abuse AND Cognitive Behaviour Therapy AND Dependence OR Substance-Related Disorder" and keywords in the Indonesian language "Pecandu Narkoba OR Penyalahguna Zat AND Cognitive Behaviour Therapy AND Ketergantungan OR Gangguan Terkait Zat."
Results: The study found eight articles that met the criteria, the main findings showed the use of Modified Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (M-CBT) in enhancing recovery motivation among cocaine-dependent individuals. Interventions such as galantamine, C-CBT, and computer-based CBT also show promise in reducing cocaine use. Additionally, combining CBT with contingency management (CM) facilitates changes in neural activity related to cognitive control. CBT paired with MET+ABI+ATTI and Female-Specific CBT (FS-CBT) effectively addresses alcohol use in adolescents and women.
Conclusion: This study highlights various CBT approaches that can be combined, such as M-CBT for cocaine independence and computer-based CBT, as well as the combination of CBT with contingent management that influences neural activity related to cognitive control.
Peran Kelembagaan Pertanian dalam Pengembangan Usaha Tani Biofarmaka (Studi Kasus di Desa Trosono, Kecamatan Parang, Kabupaten Magetan)
Authors: Setiawan Yudi , Lestari Eny , Suwarto Suwarto
Published: August 2024

Biopharmaceuticals are a type of plant that can be used as medicine. Developing farming for a commodity requires the role of various parties, one of which is agricultural institutions. Agricultural institutions are an important element in agricultural modernization and supporting farming in Trosono Village, which is known as a producer of biopharmaceutical commodities, especially ginger and turmeric. This research aims to determine the system, the role of institutions, and the impact of institutional roles on agriculture in the development of biopharmaceutical farming in Trosono Village. The research used a qualitative descriptive method and the determination of informants was carried out purposively and snowballing with a total of 13 informants consisting of administrators of agribusiness microfinance institutions, farmer group administrators, extension workers, middlemen, farmers and village heads. Data analysis used Miles and Huberman’s interactive analysis, then data validity was carried out using source triangulation and method triangulation techniques. The results of the research show that Trosono Village has an institutional system for both agricultural input and output, namely the Agribusiness Microfinance Institution, the Association of Farmer Groups, the Agricultural Extension Center and middlemen who work with each other in relation to biopharmaceutical farming. Each institution has a role that is demonstrated in the activities of each institution. However, in terms of institutional conditions in Trosono Village, it is still not optimal in accordance with the existing ideal conditions. The role of institutional activities in developing farming has a social impact on farmers such as improving relations, harmony and economic impacts in the form of easy access to capital, subsidies and marketing, so there has been no improvement in economic conditions. Coordination and assistance between agricultural institutions for biopharmaceutical commodities is needed so that a synergy arises in the implementation of programs and activities in the context of increasing biopharmaceutical commodities.
Peran Gapoktan dalam Peningkatan Pendapatan Petani Tanaman Hias (Studi Kasus Gapoktan “Tani Makmur” Kecamatan Tawangmangu Kabupaten Karanganyar)
Authors: Sasqia Putri Ferlita Azadhea , Winarno Joko , Setyowati Retno , Padmaningrum Dwiningtyas
Published: August 2024

Ornamental plants are cultivated or grown for their aesthetic value, including the beauty of their flowers, leaves, or the entire plant. These plants are commonly found in home gardens or yards. The development of ornamental plant farming requires the role of agricultural institutions. Agricultural institutions play crucial role in modernization of agriculture. This study aims to understand institutional system, the role of agricultural institutions, and the impact of the Tani Makmur Farmer Group Association on ornamental plant farmers in Nglurah Village. This research employs a qualitative method with a case study approach in Nglurah Village. Informants were selected using purposive and snowball sampling techniques. The study involved 14 informants, including farmers group association stakeholders, agricultural officers, and ornamental plant traders. Validity was ensured through source and method triangulation, and data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman analysis method. The results showed that Nglurah Village has an institutional system that supports the sustainability of ornamental plant farming. Farmers group association in Nglurah Village has procedures, management, and roles. Farmers group association in Tawangmangu Sub-district plays various roles in developing ornamental plant farming, including acting as a liaison between farmer groups and the government, providing farming capital, offering information or facilitation to groups, and establishing partnerships with other business units. These roles have social impacts on farmers, such as improved relationships and harmony, as well as economic impacts, including easier access to capital. There is a need to enhance each institution to ensure that the management system operates more effectively and achieves the goals of the Tani Makmur Farmer Group Association.
Analisis Kesetaraan Gender di Pedesaan (Studi Kasus Petani Tanaman Hias di Kampung Wisata Sewu Kembang)
Authors: Pitaloka Naning Dyah , Rusdiyana Eksa , Widiyanto Widiyanto
Published: August 2024

The principle of sustainable management of natural resources is equality. Equality comes not only from the roles of different interest groups but also from gender equality. This research aims to analyze the impact of developing tourist villages on gender equality. The basic method in this research is qualitative, using a case study approach. The gender analysis model used in this research is the Gender Analysis Matrix (GAM). The research location was selected purposively, and informants were selected using purposive sampling and snowball sampling. Research data was obtained by interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis was carried out by means of data reduction, data presentation, data interpretation, and conclusions drawing. The validity of the data used is triangulation of sources and techniques. The results of this research show that men and women have their respective roles in the aspects of labor, time, resources and social culture. The development of tourism villages has not achieved gender equality because women’s positions are still weak in community institutions. There is a need for public awareness to improve institutions, so that men and women obtain equal positions in deliberations and management of the institution itself.
Minat Generasi Muda dalam Usaha Tani Padi Organik di Desa Gentungan Kecamatan Mojogedang Kabupaten Karanganyar
Authors: Wahyuni Alfika Aninda , Suwarto Suwarto , Rusdiyana Eksa
Published: August 2024

The development of organic rice farming in Gentungan Village faced aging farmers. This research aims to assess the interest of the younger generation in organic rice farming in Gentungan Village, analyze the efforts made to increase youth interest in organic rice farming, and the impact of the existence of the Taruna Tani Lestari group. This research method uses descriptive qualitative. The location selection was purposively in Gentungan Village, Mojogedang Sub-district, Karanganyar. The number of informants in this research was 18, consisting of youth members of the Taruna Tani group, youth farmers not members of the Taruna Tani groups, and non-youth farmers—data analysis using Miles and Huberman using the Promethee method. Data validity used triangulation of sources and data collection methods. The results showed that youth interest in organic rice farming began to increase due to various efforts made by the village in collaboration with universities and other agricultural start-ups. The existing efforts include forming the Taruna Tani group, introducing technology and development of agricultural infrastructure, education and training in agriculture, collaborating with various stakeholders, establishing agro-tourism, and developing other commodities. However, the Gentungan Village government needs to formulate multiple policies in the Village Medium Term Development Plan (RPJM) related to efforts to increase youth interest in organic farming businesses to realize Gentungan Village as an Organic Village in 2030.
Analysis of Potential Business Service Retribution to Regional Original Revenue in Pacitan Regency 2019-2023
Authors: Maharani Tania Diva , Saputra Dany Adi
Published: August 2024

This study aims to analyze the potential revenue from business service retribution in Pacitan Regency by utilizing the actual revenue data of the retributions from 2019 to 2023. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The primary data was obtained from interviews and the secondary data was collected from the financial reports of Pacitan Regency. To analyze the data, the researcher used a potential analysis of the current conditions from 2019 to 2023 and a trend analysis to project estimated revenues. The researcher used the data in the period before the pandemic and after the pandemic for the next four years.  The potential analysis results indicate that there are components of business service retribution that potentially need to be improved. These components are fish auction place retribution, with revenue realization of 99.51% of the set budget, and recreational and sports places retribution, with revenue realization of 83.43% of the set budget. The trend analysis predicts an annual increase in revenue of IDR 2,722,774,900.50 according to predictive analytics after the pandemic. Based on this research, several aspects need to be improved to enhance the revenue from business service retribution, particularly concerning the quality of Human Resources (HR). The improvement and addition of facilities at locations as the objects of business service retribution are also needed.
Assessing the impact of Financial Obstacles on Manufacturing Firm's capacity utilization: Bayesian Approach
Authors: Hassan Arab Dahir , Ozcan Razim
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the relationship between financial obstacles and the capacity utilization of manufacturing firms. It departs from previous studies by employing a Bayesian linear regression analysis. The results demonstrate the considerable negative effect that financial constraints have on the capacity utilization of manufacturing enterprises, while access to credit lines has a positive effect. The sample consists of 1,494 private manufacturing firms in 31 European and Central Asian countries. Financial obstacles were perceived as a major impediment to business operations by 65% of the enterprises surveyed. Furthermore, 52% of enterprises in the sample have access to loans from financial institutions, while 47% have no access to credit lines. This implies that the manufacturing sector’s capacity to tap into financial market resources and surmount financial barriers both is vital to its survival and presents a significant challenge.
Integrating NOAA’s National Water Model (NWM) into the Antecedent Precipitation Tool (APT) to support Clean Water Act decision-making
Authors: Sparrow Kent , Brown Stephen , French Christopher , Wahl Mark , Gutenson Joseph , Gordon Kyle
Published: August 2024

This study examines the effectiveness of the National Water Model (NWM) in assessing streamflow normalcy under the Clean Water Act, compared to the commonly used Antecedent Precipitation Tool (APT). The APT, used by the Environmental Protection Agency, US Army Corps of Engineers, and environmental consultants, evaluates waterbody conditions based on precipitation data. However, it was found to be less accurate in predicting streamflow normalcy compared to USGS gage data. The NWM, on the other hand, showed promising results in preliminary analyses, outperforming the APT when compared to USGS gage records. This research expands on these initial findings, evaluating the NWM’s performance across the contiguous United States (CONUS) at gage locations indexed to the NHDPlus Version 2.1 stream network. The results suggest that the NWM provides adequate performance for assessing streamflow normalcy where USGS gages are not present, with accuracy ranging from 40% to 60% in the western half of CONUS and 60% to 80% in the eastern half.
Determinants of Exchange Rate Jumps in Türkiye
Authors: Ağaslan Erkan , Gayaker Savaş , Bulut Erol
Published: August 2024

This study examines the exchange rate jumps in Türkiye between 2013 and 2021 and the factors influencing these jumps. The Turkish Lira experienced a consistent depreciation against other currencies during this period. A closer examination of the depreciation timeline revealed that the Turkish Lira's depreciation was occasionally abrupt and exceedingly pronounced. The primary objective of this research is to identify these episodes of spikes, which can be characterized as jumps in exchange rates amid regular increases. To achieve this, the Pruned Exact Linear Time (PELT) algorithm was employed to detect sudden shifts in the exchange rate. Taking these points as dependent variables, a rare event logistic regression model was utilized to determine the probability of an exchange rate jump. The findings indicate that increased dollarization raises the likelihood of an exchange rate jump, while higher deposit rates and central bank reserves reduce the probability of a jump.
KONSEP MAKANAN HALAL DAN ṬAYYIB MENURUT ṬANṬAWI BIN JAWHARI AL-MISHRI DALAM TAFSIRNYA AL-JAWĀHIR FĪ TAFSĪR AL-QUR’ĀN AL-KARĪM
Authors: Ihsan Wahyu , Fata Zahrul
Published: August 2024

Al-Qur’an dalam beberapa ayatnya memerintahkan manusia memakan makanan yang halal dan baik (ṭayyib). Makanan halal di sini tidak hanya dari aspek fisik atau dzatnya, Tapi juga halal dari sisi hukumnya. Salah satu mufassir yang kompeten untuk mengkaji masalah ini adalah Ṭanṭawi Jawhari. Jenis penelitian ini adalah library. Mengkaji ayat-ayat perintah makanan yang halal dan ṭayyib? Bagaimana penafsiran Ṭanṭawi terhadap ayat-ayat peintah memakan makanan halal dan ṭayyib? Dan menganalisa relevansi penafsiran Ṭanṭawi pada konteks ilmu kesehatan ? Hasil penelitian atau kesimpulan yang didapatkan bahwa (1) Ayat-ayat yang berbicara mengenai halal dan ṭayyib ada tiga belas (2) Makanan halal adalah makanan mubah diperbolehkan asalkan zatnya, mendapatkannya, memprosesnya halal sedangkan ṭayyib merupakan yang sehat dan tidak berlebihan (3) Menurut panafsiran ilmiah Ṭanṭawi terhadap makanan era sekarang, Tidak cukup memperhatikan aspek halal, perlu mengetahui kandungan gizi dan kebersihan lingkungan. Serta pengobatan penyakit akibat pola makan salah dengan menggunakan teori kedokteran Eropa atau Nabi SAW yang dikenal dengan tibbun al-Nabawi.
AKTIVITAS EXPRESSIVE WRITING SEBAGAI MEDIA MUHASABAH DIRI PADA WARGA BINAAN PEREMPUAN LEMBAGA PEMASYARAKATAN KELAS II B NGAWI
Authors: Rahmatullah Muhammad Dimas Taufiqur , Budi Mayrina Eka Prasetyo
Published: August 2024

Lembaga pemasyarakatan merupakan suatu tempat dimana individu menjalani masa hukuman atas tindakannya. Individu yang masuk ke dalam Lembaga Pemasyarakatan akan merasakan beragam emosi negatif yang membuat mereka merasa stress. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, metode katarsis ringan seperti Expressive Writing sangat membantu karena mudah untuk dilakukan. Expressive Writing sendiri adalah aktivitas yang biasa dilakukan warga binaan perempuan di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas II B Ngawi dalam bentuk buku diary untuk melepaskan emosi yang tertahan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kondisi emosi warga binaan perempuan di Lapas Kelas II B Ngawi dan manfaat Expressive Writing yang mereka rasakan. Dalam penelitian ini diperoleh hasil bahwa kondisi emosi yang dirasakan warga binaan perempuan di Lapas Ngawi adalah sedih, cemas, marah, nyaman, senang dan bahagia. Dalam hal aktivitas menuliskan perasaan dalam buku diary (Expressive Writing) yang dilakukan oleh warga binaan sebagai sarana menelaah diri sendiri atau muhasabah, didapatkan hasil bahwa manfaat yang dirasakan oleh warga binaan setelah melakukan aktivitas Expressive Writing adalah merasa lega karena mengurangi beban hati dan pikiran dan juga merasa nyaman karena dapat menuangkan perasaan dengan leluasa.
Pendekatan Historis Dalam Studi Islam
Authors: Karta Topik Pirdaus , Muawanah Uyu
Published: August 2024

Pendekatan historis ini sangat penting untuk memahami agama, karena agama itu sendiri berasal dari situasi yang konkrit dan terkait dengan kondisi sosial. Melalui pendekatan sejarah ini diminta untuk membiasakan diri dengan keadaan sebenarnya dengan pelaksanaan acara tersebut. Seseorang yang ingin memahami Al-Quran atau peristiwa yang mengikuti wahyu Al-Quran. Tujuan dari pendekatan sejarah adalah rekonstruksi masa lalu dikumpulkan secara sistematis dan objektif Menilai, meninjau, dan meringkas bukti, temukan fakta dan buat kesimpulan yang bermakna.  Pendekatan historis mendorong kita untuk melompat keluar dari dunia idealis empiris dan global. Manusia berasal dari keadaan ini untuk melihat kesenjangan atau keselarasan antara apa yang ada di konten idealis dengan dunia empiris dan historis. Lalu lapangan Sejarah mencakup semua pengalaman manusia.
Interasi Simbolik Antara Guru Dan Santri Dalam Sistem Pembelajaran Di Taman Pendidikan Al-Quran An Nahdloh Kediri
Authors: M. Syahrul Ulum
Published: August 2024

Manusia sebagai makhluk sosial saling berinteraksi satu sama lain. Termasuk dalam pelaksanaan sistem pembelajaran pendidikan non formal yaitu TPQ. Tulisan ini mendeskripsikan bagaimana interaksi antara guru dan santri dalam melaksanakan sistem pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan mendeskripsikan fenomena bentuk interaksi yang dilakukan oleh guru dan santri dalam lembaga pendidikan non formal. Pengumpulan data yang dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan telaah pustaka. Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan pisau analisis interaksi simbolik menunjukkan bahwa di dalam interaksi antara guru dan santri di TPQ An Nahdloh terdapat 3 (tiga) konsep utama. Mind (Pikiran), Pada proses kali ini pembelajaran guru memberikan perintah ataupun arahan kepada santri dalam sistem pembelajran di TPQ sehingga santri dapat merespon apa yang dilakukan oleh guru sehingga menimbulkan feedback antara guru dan santri. Self (Diri), Self merupakan kemampuan untuk merefleksikan diri tiap individu dari penilaian sudut pandang atau pendapat orang lain pada proses komunikasi yang terjadi dalam proses kegiatan belajar mengajar di kelas. Society (Masyarakat), TPQ An Nahdloh terletak di RT 1 RW 3 Desa Ngreco Kecamatan Kandat Kediri, TPQ An Nahdloh terbentuk dari pikiran masyarakat yang merasa perlu membentuk karakter anak melalui pendidikan agama
The role of medical regulations and medical regulators in fostering the use of eHealth data for strengthened Continuing Professional Development (CPD). A document analysis with key informants’ interviews
Authors: Pizzuti Carol , Palmieri Cristiana , Shaw Tim
Published: August 2024

Background
In recent times, medical regulators have been taking measures to strengthen CPD requirements for medical practitioners. In particular, greater emphasis has been placed on CPD activities linked to workplace-based assessment, health outcomes measurement, and quality improvement. These activities require the use of health data, and eHealth data analytics is emerging as a digital solution to simplify tasks and processes.
Although there is a growing interest and need for alignment between regulatory policies, impactful CPD activities, and digital health research and innovation, there is little or no research into the role that medical regulations and regulators are playing in fostering the use of eHealth data to strengthen CPD.
Methods
Medical regulations and CPD requirements of 5 selected countries (Australia, Canada, New Zealand, UK, USA) were collected and analysed using the systematic READ approach for qualitative health policy research.
Online semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 key informants from 13 medical bodies to validate findings and gather additional insights. Informants were purposively selected because of their direct involvement in policy development. The interviews were analysed using a hybrid approach of deductive and inductive thematic analysis. The COREQ checklist was used for reporting the findings.
Results
The documents analysed do not mention the use of eHealth data for CPD purposes or refer to it only as a potential data source for CPD completion and compliance.
Participants corroborated the document analysis results and provided insights into the following themes: context and rationale of current policy choices and future policy development; roles, responsibilities, and functions of relevant medical bodies in fostering the use of eHealth data for strengthened CPD; barriers, challenges, and enablers for implementation.
Conclusion
Current medical regulations and CPD requirements do not foster the use of eHealth data for CPD purposes. Recommendations for future policy development are reliant on further research on key policy concepts, regulators’ internal organisational factors, and interorganisational collaboration within the CPD ecosystem.
The alignment of all relevant CPD stakeholders is required to tackle existing barriers and challenges and promote digital health innovation in the CPD landscape. Medical regulators are called to play a leadership role in this scenario.
Direct transdifferentiation of tumorigenic melanoma cells induces tumor cell reversion
Authors: Utikal Jochen , Wang Yiman , Liu Ke , Novak Daniel , Federico Aniello , Xu Cai , Horschitz Sandra , Vierthaler Marlene , Sun Qian , Wang Nina , Poelchen Juliane , Steinfass Tamara , Hüser Laura , Mall Moritz , Umansky Viktor
Published: August 2024

Melanoma is an aggressive skin cancer and highly lethal at advanced stages due to its high tumorigenicity and metastatic capacity. Changing the phenotype of cancer cells from one lineage to another, a process called transdifferentiation, leads to tumor cell reversion, which goes along with a drastic reduction of their tumorigenicity. Via ectopic overexpression of four neuronal transcription factors we transdifferentiated melanoma cells into neuron-like cells expressing neuronal markers and showing a neuron-like morphology. Moreover, the tumorigenic and metastatic potential of transdifferentiated cells in vitro and in vivo was significantly reduced. Transdifferentiated cells were also more sensitive to radiotherapy compared with their parental counterparts. We conclude that transdifferentiation of cancer cells into terminally differentiated neuron-like cells might represent a prospective new therapeutic approach for the treatment of malignant melanoma.
Numerical analysis on three-dimensionality of supersonic flow over open cavities
Authors: Seth Soham
Published: August 2024

This study utilizes commercially available Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software to analyze how variations in the length-to-width (L/W) ratio impact open cavity flow characteristics under supersonic conditions (Mach number of 1.5). By maintaining a constant length-to-depth (L/D) ratio, and varying cavity width, the focus of this study lies on understanding how changes in cavity geometry influence flow patterns. Key parameters such as pressure coefficients, velocity distributions, streamlines, and vortices are investigated to gain insights into the three-dimensional nature of flow within the cavities. By varying width, while keeping cavity length and depth constant, the study aims to provide a deeper understanding of flow phenomena within such cavities. The chosen Mach number ensures consistency across simulations, facilitating a focused exploration of the effects of cavity geometry on flow features.
Solving the Brazilian Amazon land use & land cover puzzle: four steps to ensuring conservation, justice, and sustainable development.
Authors: Stabile Marcelo , Salomão Caroline , Coimbra Pedro , Guimarães Andre , Garcia Andrea , Alencar Ane , Pinto Erika , Souza Lucimar , Rattis Ludmila , Macedo Marcia , Coe Michael , Moutinho Paulo
Published: August 2024

Brazil emerged as an agricultural powerhouse in the last four decades, producing 33% of the world’s soybeans and 14% of its beef. Historically, much of that growth has come at the expense of its native ecosystems. A growing body of work suggests this paradigm is outdated and brings negative social and environmental outcomes. Here, we provide an integrated analysis of an alternate pathway to solve this puzzle based on a scenario of land-use allocation governance. We compare it with a business-as-usual scenario through the lens of cost, revenues, and impact. The path forward is based on four fronts that can reduce deforestation while increasing production and social well-being. First, allocate undesignated public forests as protected areas and improve the management of new and existing ones. This first strategy would generate a positive return, and foster recognition of human rights, cultural preservation, and improved livelihoods. Second, prevent legal deforestation on private lands and promote compliance with Brazil's Native Vegetation Protection Law (Brasil, 2012) through restoration, also generating positive returns and directing the region towards a zero-deforestation future. Third, promote sustainable intensification of medium and large farms. It would allow Brazil to achieve its agricultural production targets while freeing land up for soy expansion and restoration. Fourth, improve technical assistance and increase market access and income of smallholders while reducing deforestation pressure on family farms. Implementing these fronts requires a coordinated effort between public and private institutions. Still, it would reestablish Brazil`s global leadership in managing natural resources and mitigating climate change.
Investing in U.S. forests to mitigate climate change
Authors: Favero Alice , Baker Justin , Sohngen Brent , Daigneault Adam , Wade Chris , Ohrel Sara
Published: August 2024

In the recent years several U.S. federal policies have been adopted to support forest-based climate mitigation actions. This study focuses on current federal funds allocated to forest for climate change mitigation activities to assess of much they could deliver in terms of net sequestration under a best-case (optimized) scenario in which the cheapest abatement options are implemented first and if these funds are in line to domestic targets for 2030 and 2050. Multiple investments pathways are tested under two different assumptions on CO2 fertilization to provide a range of future mitigation projections from forests. Results show that under annual investments in line with current federal funds (around $640 million), the expected carbon flux of U.S. forests is around 770 MtCO2/yr in 2030 (+ 13% increase from baseline) and 800–880 MtCO2/yr in 2050 (+ 10% increase from baseline). When CO2 fertilization is accounted for, the projections of forest carbon sequestration increase by more than 30% with almost 1 GtCO2 sequestration achieved under federal funds in 2030, increasing the likelihood of meeting both short-term and long-term domestic targets.
Skillful land and marine heatwave forecasting through hybrid statistical dynamical modelling
Authors: Zhao Tongtiegang , Huang Zeqing , Wang Hao
Published: August 2024

Skillful forecasting of global heatwaves is crucial for mitigating their escalating impacts on human societies and ecosystems across various sectors. While global climate models generate invaluable dynamical temperature forecasts, the crucial role of model output statistics (MOS) in enhancing global heatwave forecasting has not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we unravel the potential of hybrid statistical dynamical modelling in generating heatwave forecasts on a global scale. Specifically, a pioneering MOS toolkit is developed to iteratively take into consideration key attributes—bias, spread, trend, and association—within raw forecasts through a series of methodical one-factor-at-a-time experiments. A case study is devised for forecasts of 2-meter air temperature over land and sea surface temperature generated by the National Center for Environmental Prediction’s Climate Forecast System version 2. Our analysis exposes the detrimental impacts of biases and unreliable ensemble spreads within raw temperature forecasts, leading to an abundance of false positives and negatives, ultimately diminishing the skill of heatwave predictions, often plunging below − 100%. At the lead time of 0 months, integrating incremental considerations of bias, spread, trend, and association results in substantial skill enhancements across global land and marine grid cells. Notably, land heatwave forecast skill sees a remarkable ascent from a staggering − 171.63%±290.42% to a promising 5.61%±15.74%, while marine heatwave forecast skill improves from − 75.74%±206.68–23.96%±23.47%. Despite the anticipated degradation of skill with lead time, our results underscore MOS’s efficacy in leveraging raw forecast data to maintain positive forecasting outcomes.
Prediction of Child Stunting with Machine Learning Algorithms: A Cross-Country Study of Bangladesh, India, and Nepal
Authors: Sara Sabiha Shirin , Khan Md. Salauddin , Talukder Ashis
Published: August 2024

Objectives
This study aims to signify the best classifier to predict stunting with the comparative scenario between three South Asian countries that will help mitigate the urgency of addressing child stunting during childhood.
Methods
The DHS datasets like BDHS 2017-18, IDHS 2019-21, and NDHS 2016 had been used here to extract the necessary information for measuring child stunting. After completing inevitable parts, frequency table and chi-square had been used to present the compared scenario and the prediction of child stunting was performed with different machine learning algorithms.
Results
The prevalence of stunting is 28%, 33.1%, and 32.9% for BD, IN, and NP respectively. The result indicates that 53% stunted children are male in India (p < 0.01), but not significant in BD and NP. Moreover, 68% Nepali stunted children did not have baby postnatal checkup (p = 0.014). In addition, immunization status was only significant in Bangladesh (p < 0.01). The RF classifier outperformed among all the classifiers with 77.66%, 62.45%, and 74.81% accuracy score for BD, IN, and NP respectively.
Conclusion
The country-wise prevalence of child stunting with the associated factors is highlighted by this study. Moreover, to detect stunting early, this study suggests using the RF classifier for all the country. The findings of this study will help the policy makers and the other agencies to take the immediate step to reduce child stunting and make the world better for the next generations by the early detection of malnutrition using the classifier.
Bacterial pneumonia during successful treatment of metastatic endometrial cancer with dostarlimab- case report and a literature review
Authors: Cosso Federica , Petrella Maria Cristina , Izzi Martina , Vangelisti Marco , Cerbai Cecilia , Rossi Gemma , Villanucci Alessandro , Amunni Gianni
Published: August 2024

Endometrial cancer is a frequent female cancer characterized by four molecular subtypes including the microsatellite instable-high (MSI-H) subgroup where use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) showed encouraging activity in the metastatic setting. Nonetheless, adverse events during this particular treatment are still new in endometrial cancer and lack of data on ICIs long-term use are currently available. Herein, we report a rare case of MSI-H metastatic endometrial cancer which has developed a bacterial pneumonia that could mimic an immune-related adverse events during a long-term response with dostarlimab.
Applying text-mining to clinical notes: The identification of patient characteristics from Electronic Health Records (EHRs)
Authors: Hoope Simone ten , Welvaars Koen , Geijtenbeek Kylian van , Klok-Everaars Mellanie , Schaik Sander van , Karapinar-Çarkit Fatma
Published: August 2024

Background
Clinical notes contain information on critical patient characteristics, which, if overlooked, could escalate the risk of adverse events as well as miscommunication between the healthcare professional and the patient. This study investigates the feasibility of employing text-mining to extract patient characteristics from Electronic Health Records (EHRs) and compares the effectiveness of text-mining against human intelligence for identifying four patient characteristics: language barrier, living alone, cognitive frailty and non-adherence.
Methods
A manual “golden” standard was created from 1,120 patient files (878 patients) that had unplanned hospital readmissions. Each patient was categorized under one of the four characteristics with supporting free text extracted from their EHRs. For simple terminology, a rule-based (RB) SQL query was used, and for complex terms, Named Entity Recognition (NER) models were used. Model performance was compared to the manual standard. The primary outcomes were recall, specificity, precision, negative predictive value (NPV) and F1-score.
Results
Performance of each patient characteristic was evaluated using a separate train/test dataset and an additional evaluation dataset was used for the NER models. Within the train/test set, the ‘language barrier’ RB query achieved a recall of 0.99 (specificity of 0.96). The ‘living alone’ NER model showed a recall of 0.86 (specificity of 0.94) on the train/test set and a recall of 0.81 (specificity of 1.00) on the validation set. In that same order, the ‘cognitive frailty’ model yielded a recall of 0.59 (specificity 0.76) on the train/test set and a recall of 0.73 (specificity 0.96) on the validation set. The NER model for non-adherence showed a recall of 0.75 (specificity of 0.99) on the train/test set, and a recall of 0.90 (specificity of 0.99) on the validation set. The models showed the tendency to overestimate the presence of patient characteristics such as identifying a family member’s language barrier as the patient’s.
Conclusion
This study successfully demonstrated the feasibility of applying text-mining to identify patient characteristics from EHRs. Also, it seems for more complex terminology, NER models outperform the rule-based option. Future work involves refining these models for broader application and terminology in clinical setting.
Underestimated Latent Tuberculosis Infection Burden Among School Contacts in China: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Yin Jin , Wang Mei , Wu Chengguo , Shi Yaling , Liu Ying , Yu Ya , Su Qian , Zhang Zhengyu , Huang Xueyong , Zhang Xiaoshuang , Fan Jun , Wu Bo
Published: August 2024

Background
Previous research has indicated a low TST strong positive rate in school tuberculosis (TB) screening implemented by community-level medical and health care institutions in China. The research objective was to evaluate the LTBI detection gap in school contact investigation in China.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, school contacts were investigated by Chongqing Municipal Institute of Tuberculosis between January 2022 and April 2024 in Chongqing, China. Tuberculin Skin Tests (TST), Creation Tuberculin Skin Test (C-TST), or Interferon-Gamma Release Assays (IGRA) were conducted for immunological diagnostic methods. The LTBI detection gap among school contacts was assessed by comparing with the data implemented by community-level medical and health care institutions from 2021 to 2022.
Results
In 6063 participants, 4233 were tested using TST, 1799 were tested using C-TST, and 31 were tested using IGRA. Seven students were confirmed to have active TB. The LTBI prevalence rate using TST and C-TST was 15.2% (95%CI, 14.1%-16.3%) and 3.6% (95%CI, 2.7%-4.4%) respectively. A LTBI detection gap of 10.3% was identified when comparing with TST results implemented by community-level medical and health care institutions (χ2 = 636, P < 0.001).
Conclusions
TB school contact investigation plays an important role in controlling TB epidemic. However, there may be a LTBI detection gap, likely due to poor quality control of TST implemented by community-level medical and health care institutions.
On farm Diversity, Farmers’ Practices and Status of Genetic Erosion of Harar Coffee (Coffea arabica L.)
Authors: Aliyi Ibsa , Yusuf Zekeria , Petros Yohannes
Published: August 2024

Farmers’ varieties are often well adapted to specific environments, and tend to have a advantage than in marginal areas. The present study was undertaken to assess farmers’ practices, on farm phenotypic diversity and status of genetic erosion of Harar coffee (Coffea arabica) Eastern Ethiopia. The principal component analysis was employed to identify morphological traits contributing to the variations in genotypes and associated traits. The result indicated that the highest preference index (25.60) with preference rank first was recorded for Fandisha genotype. The first principal component had high positive scores from number of secondary branches/ tree (0.94) and number of trunks/tree (0.30) as the most discriminating. The second component had high positive component loads for number of primary branches (0.76), number of nodes / trunk (0.33), and stem diameter (0.25) which were mainly responsible for the variations. Likewise, the third component had high positive scores for hundred bean weight (0.77), number of trunks/ tree (0.49) and stem internode length/tree (0.22). The result of the study indicated that secondary branches/ tree, trunks/ tree, nodes/ trunk, stem diameter, hundred bean weight and stem internode length/tree are the most discriminating traits among the set of coffee genotypes assessed.
Study on physical clogging process and practical application of horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland
Authors: Dai Shuqun , Wang Ruida , Lin Jiawei , Zhang Guoyi , Chen Zhonggou , Li Lei , Shi Qintian
Published: August 2024

This study focused on the construction of an efficient decentralized small-scale horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland system suitable for villages. In this study, the hydrodynamic changes and spatial-temporal distribution of the physical clogging process are deeply investigated through actual measurements and CFD numerical simulations, and a structural optimization scheme is innovatively proposed to extend the clogging time, which is applied to the actual case of Fanrong Village, Rui'an City, Wenzhou, China. The study shows that the addition of vertical baffles in the structural design of the artificial wetland can prolong the occurrence time of complete clogging by 15% and improve the hydraulic efficiency by 21%. This scheme effectively extends the physical clogging time and improves the hydraulic performance, which provides a new perspective and practical solution for village wastewater management.
The association between NADPH oxidase (NOX) polymorphisms with immunohistochemistry and survival in diffuse large B cell lymphoma patients
Authors: Chen Chao , Dong Quan , Wang Huiqi , Dong Shiqi , Wang Shufan , Lin Wenxin , Jia Chuiming , Dong Mei , Jin Yan , Liu Duo
Published: August 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to comprehensively analyze the prediction role of NADPH oxidase (NOX)-related polymorphisms (NCF4: rs1883112, CYBA: rs4673, RAC2: rs13058338) and immunohistochemical indices on survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).
Methods
The impact of NOX polymorphisms were evaluated in 335 DLBCL patients treated with R (rituximab)-CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) from Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital. We also collected information on their immunohistochemical expression and clinical outcomes.
Results
Among the patients treated with R-CHOP therapy, the patients with CyclinD1 (+) had significantly shorter progression-free survival (PFS) (p = 0.001) and event-free survival (EFS) (p < 0.001) than CyclinD1 (-) patients. Among patients received CHOP therapy, PFS was significantly longer in CD20 (+) patients (p = 0.011) than in CD20(-) patients.. Among the patients treated with R-CHOP therapy, the PFS (p = 0.020) and EFS (p < 0.001) of patients with NCF4 rs1883112 AA/AG genotype were significantly longer than the patients with GG genotype. Patients treated with R-CHOP therapy and with RAC2 rs13058338 AA/AT genotype were more likely to have grade III or higher myelosuppression compared to patients with TT genotype (p = 0.027). Patients treated with CHOP therapy and with RAC2 rs13058338 AA/AT genotype were more likely to have grade III or higher systemic adverse events (p = 0.029). Cox regression analysis showed that NCF4 rs1883112 GG genotype and CyclinD1 (+) were the factors contributing to the poor outcomes in DLBCL patients treated with R-CHOP therpay.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the results suggested that the NCF4 rs1883112 G allele may be a poor prognostic biomarker, especially for the DLBCL patients with CD3(-), CD5 (-), CD10 (-), Bcl-2 (+), Bcl-6 (+) or Ki-67(%) < 80%.