bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A B12-vitamin-, a vas-, a folsav-, a homocisztein-, valamint a D3-vitamin-szérumszintek lehetséges összefüggései szájszárazságban és/vagy Sjögren-szindrómában szenvedő hazai betegpopulációban
Authors: Tóth György , Erdei Csilla , Dézsi Anna , Németh Orsolya , Kovács Alexandra , Kiss Emese Virág , Márton Krisztina
Published: January 2024

Bevezetés: A D3-, a B12-vitamin, a folsav
és a vas hiánya önmagában is okozhat orofacialis sicca tüneteket: szem- és
szájszárazságot, glossitist, szájégést, amellett a nyálkahártya atrophiáját,
gyulladását, illetve mindezeket súlyosbíthatja. Kevés az ismeret azonban a fenti
laboratóriumi paramétereknek, valamint a homociszteinnek a szintjeiről
szájszárazságban szenvedők, valamint a könnymirigyek és a nyálmirigyek autoimmun
gyulladásával járó Sjögren-szindróma esetében. Autoimmun betegségekben a
D3-vitamin szintje alacsonyabb az egészségesekénél, és szisztémás
lupus erythematosusban, valamint rheumatoid arthritisben ez összefügg a betegség
aktivitásával. A siccatünetekhez társuló nyelőcső- és
gyomornyálkahártya-elváltozások pedig egyéb általános tüneteket okozhatnak,
befolyásolhatják az étkezést és a tápanyagok felszívódását.
Célkitűzés: A szerzők célja volt meghatározni, hogy a
hazai, szájszárazságban és/vagy Sjögren-szindrómában szenvedők esetében
kimutatható-e különbség a D3-, a B12-vitamin-, a folsav-,
a homocisztein-, valamint a vasanyagcsere-értékek szérumszintjében az egészséges
kontrollok értékeihez képest. Módszer: A szubjektív
siccatüneteket (xerostomia, xerophthalmia) meghatározó kérdőíves felmérés,
valamint a hyposalivatiót igazoló sialometria, majd a Sjögren-szindróma
irányában történő kivizsgálás (az ACR–EULAR diagnosztikus kritériumrendszer
alapján) után a résztvevők 4 csoportot alkottak, ezek: 1. egészséges kontrollok,
2. xerostomia-, 3. hyposalivatio-, 4. Sjögren-szindrómás csoport.
Eredmények: A kapott eredmények alapján a hazai
Sjögren-szindrómásoknál a D3-vitamin és a vas szérumszintje, a csak
hyposalivatióban szenvedők esetében pedig a vas szintje jelentősen csökkent volt
(D3-vitamin: 1. csoport: 36,24 ± 20,14 ng/ml, 2. csoport: 47,85 ±
26,84 ng/ml, 3. csoport: 42,04 ± 21,03 ng/ml, 4. csoport: 26,96 ± 7,53 ng/ml,
p<0,05; vas: 1. csoport: 16,9 ± 5,10 mmol/l, 2. csoport: 13,6 ± 4,35 mmol/l,
3. csoport: 17,1 ± 9,76 mmol/l, 4. csoport: 13,0 ± 6,64 mmol/l, p<0,05). A
B12-vitamin, a transzferrin és transzferrinszaturáció, valamint a
folsav és a homocisztein szintje nem mutatott szignifikáns eltérést a
szájszárazságban és/vagy Sjögren-szindrómában szenvedők esetében az egészséges
kontrollokhoz képest. Megbeszélés és következtetés: Míg a
D3-vitamin csökkent szérumszintje az autoimmun gyulladással,
addig a vasé inkább a tápcsatorna-nyálkahártya állapotával, azaz a felszívódás
zavarával és/vagy a táplálkozási séma változásával lehet összefüggésben, hiszen
az első esetben nem, míg a második esetben összefüggés volt kimutatható a
csökkent szérumérték és a nyáltermelés csökkenése között is. Orv Hetil. 2024;
165(4): 147–154.
A hereleszállási zavarok kezelése Magyarországon – hol tartunk most?
Authors: Varga Alexandra , Tardi Réka , Kovács Tamás
Published: January 2024

Bevezetés: A hereleszállási zavarok korszerű gyermekkori
kezelése nélkülözhetetlen a hosszú távú morbiditás – infertilitás, malignus
heretumorok – kialakulásának elkerüléséhez. Célkitűzés: Az
ellátási gyakorlat fejlesztése érdekében vizsgálatunkban fel kívántuk tárni,
hogy a kórkép magyarországi ellátása megfelel-e az aktuális hazai és főbb
nemzetközi, elsősorban európai irányelveknek. Módszer: Az alap-
és szakellátás felméréséhez 2023-ban online kérdőíves vizsgálatot végeztünk a
Házi Gyermekorvosok Egyesületének, valamint a Magyar Gyermeksebész Társaság
tagjainak körében. A válaszokat leíró statisztikai módszerekkel elemeztük.
Eredmények: A hereleszállási zavarok kezelését a
felmérésben részt vevő alapellátók (n = 69) esetében elsősorban a szakképzésük
során tanultak (65,2%), míg a szakellátás képviselőinek körében (n = 56) döntően
a nemzetközi irányelvek (66,1%) befolyásolják. A kérdőívet kitöltő házi
gyermekorvosok 98,6%-a ellenőrzi a herék újszülöttkori helyzetét, és eltérés
észlelésekor 88,4%-uk megfelelő időben utalja szakrendelésre a gyermeket. Az
orchidopexia optimális idejét 66,6%-uk ismeri. A retraktilis herék kezelése
59,4%-uk ismeretei szerint elsősorban konzervatív, és 60,8%-uk végzi a
pubertáskorig utánkövetésüket. Orchidopexiát követően 39,1%-uk végzi kamaszkorig
a gondozást. A szakellátás képviselői (98,2%) az orchidopexiát a megfelelő
életkorra időzítik, nem tapintható herék észlelésekor azonban 28,6%-uk kér
preoperatív ultrahangvizsgálatot. A magas hasüregi herék kezelése elsősorban
(82,1%) a minimálinvazív Shehata-műtéttel történik.
Megbeszélés: A hereleszállási zavarok hazai kezelése
döntően az aktuális irányelvek szerint zajlik, mindemellett az alapellátás
képviselőinek ismeretei néhány fontos kérdésben – a műtéti ellátás optimális
időzítése, retraktilis herék és orchidopexián átesett gyermekek gondozása –
hiányosak. A gyermeksebészeti szakellátás modern szemléletű, korszerű
minimálinvazív technikák alkalmazásával zajlik, ultrahangvizsgálat azonban sok
esetben feleslegesen történik. Következtetés: A hereleszállási
zavarok kezelésére vonatkozó ismeretek szélesebb körű terjesztése szükséges az
országos szintű, minden tekintetben korszerű ellátás megvalósulásához és a
hosszú távú morbiditás csökkentéséhez. Orv Hetil. 2024; 165(4): 138–146.
A mellékvesekéreg-carcinoma diagnosztikája
Authors: Tőke Judit , Tóth Miklós
Published: January 2024

A mellékvesekéreg-carcinoma ritka, rossz prognózisú megbetegedés. Az érintett
betegek kórjóslatát döntően meghatározza, hogy a betegség korán, még
lokoregionális stádiumban kerüljön felismerésre, amikor a sebészi
tumoreltávolítással jelentősen növelhető a gyógyulás esélye. A
mellékvese-daganatok dignitásának meghatározása gyakran jelent kihívást a
preoperatív kivizsgálás során, a diagnózisalkotást hagyományos radiológiai és
laboratóriumi vizsgálatok segítik. Újabban igen jó diagnosztikai pontosságot
mutató biomarkerek is megismerésre kerültek, klinikai használatuk a közeljövőben
várható. Közülük is kiemelkednek a gáz-, illetve folyadékkromatográfián alapuló
szteroidmetabolomikai vizsgálatok, valamint a miRNS-ek vizsgálata. Ebben az
összefoglalóban bemutatjuk a mellékvesekéreg-carcinoma azonosítását segítő
preoperatív klinikai és posztoperatív patológiai vizsgálómódszereket. Orv Hetil.
2024; 165(4): 123–131.
Az ECMO-kezelés megszüntetésének etikai kérdései
Authors: Kovács József
Published: January 2024

A tanulmány – egy eset elemzésén keresztül – vizsgálja azt a kérdést, hogy súlyos
légzési elégtelenség miatt 60 napja ECMO-kezelésben részesülő, öntudatánál lévő
beteg esetén milyen lehetőségei vannak az ECMO-kezelés megszüntetésének akkor,
ha a betegnél az alapbetegség gyógyulására, illetve tüdőátültetésre nincs
lehetőség, s ezért az ECMO-kezelésre a beteg haláláig szükség lesz, a beteg
pedig az ECMO-kezelésnek a haláláig történő folytatását szeretné. A közlemény
vizsgálja, hogy az ECMO-kezelés, illetve egyéb intenzív osztályos kezelés esetén
lehetőség van-e megszüntetni életmentő/életfenntartó kezelést? Milyen módon
vehető figyelembe a beteg/hozzátartozó tiltakozása, illetve beleegyezése?
Vizsgálja az igazságossági szempontok szerepét a ritka eszközök elosztásában. A
kezelés el nem kezdésének/abbahagyásának morális ekvivalenciája mellett
vizsgálja azokat az okokat, amelyek miatt a klinikusok nem értenek egyet ezzel
az ekvivalenciatézissel. A tanulmány konklúziója az, hogy a kezelés további
eszkalációjáról való lemondás általában járhatóbb út, mint az ECMO-kezelés
egyszerű megszüntetése. Orv Hetil. 2024; 165(4): 132–137.
Социальные миры Караканского бора: перспективы сближения и императивы справедливости
Authors: Скалабан Ирина Анатольевна , Алексеев Тимофей Дмитриевич , Лаврусевич Полина Евгеньевна
Published: January 2024

В статье предлагается рассмотрение социального ландшафта Караканского бора под влиянием динамического эффекта взаимодействия разных социальных миров, основанных на регулятивах сложносопоставимых этосов. Исследование опирается на материалы интервью с пользователями бора и наблюдений, проведенных в ходе социологических экспедиций 2021–2022 гг. Чтобы продемонстрировать логику отношений социальных миров, реконструируются три проблемных сюжета в ландшафте бора – отношения собирателей и отдыхающих, сельских жителей и дачников, пользователей бора и лесозаготовителей. Эмпирически доказано, что большая часть видов пользования бором находится под влиянием нормативных логик патриархального мира с присущими ему императивами укорененности и естественной принадлежности, однако новые хозяйственные практики и социальные отношения в основном подчиняются более универсалистским критериям. В силу множественности конкурирующих императивов справедливости для Караканского бора пока не  существует единой альтернативы патриархальному граду, но возникает ее зачаток – когерентная для большинства градов ситуация, которая в разных версиях восходит к нормативной идее сохранности бора как целого и леса как наиболее значимого ресурса
Жилищный сертификат как способ решения «квартирного вопроса» детей-сирот
Authors: Васильева Елена Юрьевна , Фролова Елена Викторовна , Рогач Ольга Владимировна
Published: January 2024

В статье рассмотрены проблемы жилищного обеспечения детей-сирот, детерминирующие их социальную уязвимость в сфере трудоустройства, материального благополучия и реализации успешных жизненных стратегий. Цель исследования заключается в анализе специфики инициатив предоставления жилищных сертификатов как альтернативной меры решения «квартирного вопроса» детей-сирот. Методы исследования: анкетный опрос представителей органов опеки и попечительства (N=694 чел.), результаты которого были дополнены материалами опроса выпускников интернатных учреждений (N=3868 чел.). Результаты исследования иллюстрируют обоюдную заинтересованность данных групп респондентов в практиках предоставления жилищного сертификата на  приобретение жилья. Тем не менее, в оценках представителей органов опеки и попечительства доминируют опасения, связанные с рисками мошенничества, правовой и социальной уязвимостью детей-сирот, отсутствием у них специальных знаний и навыков. Несмотря на наличие рисков, в ходе исследования были выявлены следующие преимущества практики выдачи жилищных сертификатов – снижение сроков ожидания очереди на получение квартиры, расширение границ выбора жилья в соответствии с личными потребностями и запросом на профессиональную и территориальную мобильность. В  ходе исследования были определены ключевые направления совершенствования практики предоставления жилищных сертификатов. Опасения по поводу возможных мошеннических действий и социальная уязвимость детей-сирот диктуют необходимость развития системы консультативной помощи в процессе реализации жилищных сертификатов. Правовая поддержка детей-сирот может рассматриваться в качестве механизма минимизации рисков неправомерного использования жилищных сертификатов, правовой защиты выпускников интернатных учреждений. Другими механизмами совершенствования практики предоставления жилищных сертификатов могут выступать увеличение срока реализации сертификата и разработка системы мониторинга за целевым использованием денежных средств.
Совершенствование российской инновационной системы: совмещение модельного и нарративного подходов
Authors: Вольчик Вячеслав Витальевич , Пантеева София Алексеевна
Published: January 2024

В статье рассматривается роль государственной политики и институциональных факторов в контексте использования качественных и количественных подходов в исследовании развития национальной инновационной системы. Актуальность работы обусловлена, с одной стороны, ограничениями эконометрического моделирования в части включения плохо поддающихся формализации переменных, отражающих институты. С другой стороны, применение нарративного и институционального анализа позволяет учитывать исторические, политические и культурные факторы, а также выявить значимые детерминанты инновационной системы и, соответственно, разработать рекомендации для инновационной политики. На первом этапе проведенное авторами сравнение выводов двух подходов – количественного и качественного – установило, что выделяемые с помощью обоих методов факторы развития российской инновационной системы частично пересекаются, однако нарративный и институциональный методы позволили углубить понимание фактора финансирования (в части механизмов распределения), инфраструктуры (в части ее качества, наличия специалистов для работы с ней), кадрового обеспечения (детализация о специализации кадров). Также анализ позволил дополнительно выделить такие факторы российской инновационной системы, как временные эффекты, спрос, макроэкономические условия, взаимодействие акторов. На втором этапе сравнение рекомендаций, полученных на основе количественных и качественных подходов, показало, что предлагаемые меры в обоих случаях в целом совпадают, однако значимо отличаются по степени детализации. По результатам нарративного и институционального анализа для улучшения сотрудничества акторов рекомендовано синхронизовать целевые показатели эффективности всех участников; для повышения доступности инфраструктуры – организовать совместный и удаленный доступ к ней, для повышения доверия к науке и привлечения кадров – расширить освещение данной темы в информационном пространстве.
«Скажи мне, что ты пьешь, и я скажу тебе, кто ты»: как изменялась взаимосвязь между социальным классом и типом потребления алкоголя в России
Authors: Рощина Яна Михайловна , Кондратенко Валерия Александровна
Published: January 2024

Целью исследования является разработка периодизации алкогольной истории современной России на основе распространенности типов потребления спиртных напитков и их взаимосвязи с социальным классом. На основе анализа данных Российского мониторинга экономического положения и здоровья населения Высшей школы экономики с 1994 по 2021 г. с помощью кластерного анализа было выделено семь типов потребления алкоголя. Сила связи социального класса с этими типами представляется весьма нестабильной: в 1990-х гг. она была достаточно устойчивой, в 2000-х – волатильной, а  начиная с 2010-х гг. постепенно ослабевала. Исследуемый период разделен на несколько этапов: первый период (1994–2001 гг.) характеризуется разрушением советской модели потребления; второй (2002–2011 гг.) отличается установившейся центрально-европейской моделью с доминированием в структуре потребления водки и пива; для третьего (2012–2019 гг.) и четвертого (2020–2021 гг.) периодов при выборе алкогольных напитков важно возникновение элементов общества постмодерна в потребительских практиках россиян. На основе использования регрессионного анализа и аффинити-индекса было установлено, что в эти периоды не только доминировали различные типы напитков, но  их предпочитали разные социальные классы.
Нация и этнос: нелинейная эволюция этнологических концепций в России
Authors: Паин Эмиль Абрамович
Published: January 2024

В статье анализируются изменения базовых понятий этнологии – «нация» и «этнос», а  также производных от них («национальность», «этничность», «этнография» «этнология») за два века исторических наблюдений в России. Показан волнообразный характер эволюции идеи нации в Российской империи, СССР и Российской Федерации. Этот термин зародился как политический концепт, затем обрел этнический смысл, а в постсоветское время вновь проявилось его политическое содержание. По мере того как понятие «нация» теряет этническое значение, возникает необходимость в уточнении понятия «этнос» для обозначения этнокультурных общностей. Вместе с тем новые идеи и терминология с трудом проникают в массовое сознание, государственный и научный дискурс. В государственных документах современной России традиционная этническая трактовка понятия «нация» сохраняется и переплетается с политической. В науке понятие «этнос» в одни времена приобретало главенствующую роль в этнографической теории, а в другие оценивалось как нежелательное. В повседневном дискурсе плохо приживается гражданское осмысление нации. Автор анализирует политические, психологические и культурные обстоятельства, препятствующие или способствующие утверждению этнологических понятий в российском дискурсе.
«Зеленые» охранители: взгляды российских консерваторов на решение экологических проблем
Authors: Щербак Андрей Николаевич , Зубарев Никита Сергеевич , Семушкина Екатерина Сергеевна
Published: January 2024

В данной статье анализируется отношение современных российских консерваторов к «зеленой повестке». Несмотря на то, что тема экологии изначально считалась приоритетом для левых партий и движений, в последние годы европейские правые политики стали активнее обсуждать и использовать экологическую проблематику для роста своей популярности. Если типичная левая «зеленая повестка» во многом фокусировалась на глобальных вопросах, например, изменении климата, снижении выбросов парниковых газов, энергетическом переходе, то правые популисты, отрицая важность декларируемой экологической политики, предлагали сосредоточиться на локальных проблемах – сохранении родной природы и  национальном контроле над природными ресурсами. Этот тренд мы наблюдаем сейчас в России: отечественные охранители активно обсуждают «зеленую повестку», предлагая свое видение оценок и путей решения экологических проблем. В данной статье мы ставим перед собой две задачи. Во-первых, мы попытаемся доказать, что западный и российский консервативный дискурс имеют больше сходств, чем различий. Кроме того, отечественный «зеленый» охранительный дискурс неоднороден, он восходит как к истокам российского экологического движения, так и к европейским правым. Во-вторых, мы ставим целью выяснить, влияют ли взгляды консерваторов на проводимую экологическую политику в России. Для этого мы изучили данные по поддержанным президентским грантам по экологической тематике за 2018–2022 годы. Всего было проанализировано более 4000 заявок по нескольким основаниям. Результаты демонстрируют, что преобладают проекты по локальным блокам. Выявлено, что в экологическую проблематику включаются патриотические организации, и ряд экологических организаций начинает намеренно использовать патриотическую риторику. Полученные результаты позволяют сделать осторожный вывод о том, что в  экологической политике прослеживаются следы консервативных установок.
Rabies Virus Sequencing using Illumina- MiSeq v1
Authors: N Varun Chakrakodi
Published: January 2024

This Rabies whole genome sequencing protocol has been derived and modified from the Illumina COVIDSeq RUO sequencing pipeline. The protocol has been modified and optimised for sequencing Rabies virus (RABV). The methodology uses RABV-specific primers that have been designed in-house. In brief, the RNA is extracted from samples and converted to cDNA. RABV sequencing library is generated and sequenced using MiSeq.
Scott, Hilton 2022. A Sense of Belonging:
Authors: Cones Bryan
Published: January 2024

The challenges of bridging the cultures and differences of church members are among the most pressing concerns congregations face in urban pluralistic cultures. Add to this a history of oppression and injustice based on race, as one might find in the author’s country of South Africa or in this reviewer’s home in United States of America, and the work becomes decidedly more urgent. One hopes the common prayer that unites congregations, sustained by the personal spiritual practices of members, might support bridges to cross that divide. But how?
Political Crisis in the Late Ming dynasty
Authors: Chursina Kseniia O.
Published: January 2024

The Ming Empire is one of the greatest states that existed from the 14th to the 17th centuries. However, 1644 was marked by the fall of the empire and the subsequent seizure of the throne by the Manchus. In this regard, the question arises: what caused the centralized state to fall to a group of rebels and the invaders from the north? The purpose of this study is to identify the main opposing parties of the political crisis in the late Ming Dynasty, study the dynamics of their interactions, and reconceptualize the context of its fall, moving away from the ideologically driven narrative of “faithful officials vs the cunning eunuchs” to delineating the real sides and process of the political struggle. The study covers the time frame from 1597 to 1644. By analyzing the two sources of “Ming Shi” (The Official History of the Ming Dynasty) and “Ming Shilu” (Veritable Records of the Ming Dynasty) and their reflected priorities, the political process during this period was studied, thus answering the questions raised in the research.
Coal crisis in China: development, mechanism, causes and possible consequences
Authors: Tseluyko Maxim S.
Published: January 2024

This article analyzes the dynamics of coal prices and systemic changes in the coal market in the PRC, revealing the internal Chinese mechanism of the coal crisis that broke out in the PRC in 2020. The data studied and the conclusions obtained in the article refute the widely held view in expert circles, according to which the cause of the coal crisis in China was the rejection of Australian coal. The study was carried out by analyzing a data array on the dynamics of changes in the price of coal for different types of coal and for different regions and provinces of China. In particular, the article is based on data on the dynamics of coal prices in Shaanxi and Hubei.
The results of this research provide useful insight into both the nature of the coal crisis and the patterns of the system of formation of coal prices in the PRC, partially touching on the issue of the integrity of the Chinese coal market. The statistical data referring to the coal prices is viewed through the prism of the concept of a “multi-track” pricing system put forward by M. V. Karpov and, in general, confirms fruitfulness and significance of his theory. Also, the article, based on data from the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, shows the commercial practical significance of the findings and the importance of having up-to-date information data on dynamics of coal prices in China.
On some features of the system for forming the cadres of Chinese regional elites during the period from 2007 to 2019
Authors: Abramov Bogdan K.
Published: January 2024

This article is the second part of a large study on the internal policy system of the PRC, continuing the analysis of intra-party struggle in the CCP by classifying details of the biographies and terms of office of individual party officials. The correlations between the implementation of political-administrative power by certain individuals and economic transformations in the regions where they exercised their power are also examined. This research also focuses on the issue of continuity between different systems of organizing political power within the CCP, as well as on crises in this continuity, indirectly raising the question of intra-elite conflicts in the CCP. This issue is addressed by identifying career types of party officials, examining changes in the proportions of these types, and correlating these changes with known events in intra-political struggles and economic processes. The research shows that, despite the claims of some researchers, the political crisis in the PRC generally preceded the global economic crisis of 2008. This crisis reflects a shift in the system of power organization formed at the beginning of the policy of reforms and openness, and may have far-reaching consequences for the domestic and global political landscape.
Xi Jinping and the Citation of Historical Writings of Antiquity: From Rhetoric to Politics
Authors: Bashkeev Victor V.
Published: January 2024

The article examines a number of quotations from Chinese historical writings from the ancient period (up to and including the Han era) used by President Xi Jinping in his speeches during his first term in office (2012–2017). The paper is a study of the phenomenon called Xi Jinping yong dian (习近平用典 “Xi Jinping uses classics”) in terms of the intersection of historical process experience in ancient and modern periods within the rhetorical constructions of the bearer of supreme power in modern PRC. The quotations from Chinese historical monuments of the ancient period used by Xi Jinping are considered in the context of the periodization of modern Chinese history and the key stages of the domestic and foreign policies conducted in 2012–2017. Xi Jinping’s political rhetoric at these stages concerns, above all, the areas of interaction with the bureaucratic structures — the CCP and the international organizations. The author has made an attempt to find out what could be the purpose of such citations and what is behind them — a rhetorical device or something more.
Anatomy of the terminal branches of the superior rectal artery during selective doppler controlled dearterialization of the hemorrhoidal nodes (HAL-RAR)
Authors: Davidovich Denis L. , Filisteev Pavel А. , Smirnov Alexander V. , Burovskiy Andrey K. , Solomka Alexander Y. , Tariverdiev Andrey M. , Tomashevskiy German S. , Razbirin Dmitry V. , Loshchenov Maksim S.
Published: January 2024

Background: To date, there is no single standard for conducting HAL-RAR operations. The constant discussion raises the question of the number of terminal branches of the superior rectal artery, which must be ligated in the submucosal layer of the rectum in order to provide the adequate dearterialization of hemorrhoids. Aim: To study the anatomy of the branches of the superior rectal artery and to develop recommendations for the optimal ligation of the terminal branches of the superior rectal artery. Methods: 150 protocols of the previous operations have been studied. In order to further objectify our results, the results of radiation diagnostics (CT and MRI) were revised for 100 patients without pathological changes of the rectum and anal canal to study the variant anatomy of the superior rectal artery and its terminal branches in the rectal wall. Results: In 148 patients, 6 terminal branches were identified, in 2 (1.333%) patients, 5 branches were found. 100 cases without pathological changes were also analyzed (60 MRI and 40 CT scans). In all the cases, 6 terminal branches of the superior rectal artery were determined, located at 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 o'clock positions of the conventional dial. At the same time, a large number of identified anatomical options for the branching of the VPA and the method for reaching the rectal wall should be noted, which we used as a basis to propose a classification. Conclusion: In the vast majority of cases, there are 6 terminal branches of the superior rectal artery, located in the lower ampulla of the rectum at approximately 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 hours of the conventional dial. A number of variants of the vascular anatomy of the proximal branches are possible, but 6 distal branches are involved in the direct blood supply of the hemorrhoids. When performing selective Doppler-controlled dearterialization of hemorrhoids, it is expedient to ligate 6 arterial vessels.
Geleceğin Halkla İlişkiler Profesyonellerini Eğitmek: Toplumsal Odaklı bir Yaklaşım
Authors: BIÇAKÇI Ayşe Banu , AKTAŞ KUYUCU Melike
Published: January 2024

Halkla ilişkiler alanında kurumsal amaç ve önceliklerin toplumsal odaklılıkla dengelenmesi gerekliliği görüşü, profesyonel uygulamalarda ve akademik yaklaşımlarda giderek daha fazla yer bulmakta, alanın geleceğinin bu çerçevede nasıl yapılandırılması gerektiği tartışılmaktadır. Halkla ilişkiler yaklaşım ve uygulamalarının toplumsal bağlamdaki etkileri, sonuçları, ürettiği faydalar ve değerler, geleceği şekillendirecek yapı taşları olarak önem taşımaktadır. Halkla ilişkiler eğitiminin geleceğini toplumsal odaklı bir yaklaşımla sorgulamayı amaçlayan bu çalışma, “Halkla İlişkiler/İletişimin Geleceği ve Sosyal Etki” başlıklı uluslararası projenin üç odak noktasından biri olan eğitim ile ilgili çıktılarını Türkiye özelinde ele almaktadır. Delphi yöntemi ile dört etapta verilerin toplandığı bu çalışmada sosyal etki, fayda ve değer ekseninde bir halkla ilişkiler eğitiminin gereklilikleri, önemi ve nasıl yapılandırılabileceği konusunda uzman yaklaşımlarının ortaya konulması; akademisyen ve uygulayıcıların ortaklaştığı görüşlerin alanın eğitim konusundaki geleceği için içgörü sağlayabilmesi amacıyla paylaşılması hedeflenmiştir. Gelecekte kurumsal olanların yanı sıra toplumsal işlevlere, rollere ve sorumluluklara sahip halkla ilişkiler uygulamalarının yaygınlaştırılabilmesi için ideal halkla ilişkiler eğitiminin gerektirdiği yapı, bağlam ve içerik sorgulanırken, katılımcıların halkla ilişkiler eğitim ve öğreniminin bugününe dair değerlendirmelerine de başvurulmuştur.
Investigating the Effect of Lippia Citriodora Leaf Hydro-Ethanolic Extract on Two Prostate Cancer Cell Lines PC-3 and LNCaP Alone and in Combination with Docetaxel
Authors: Fazeli Mehdi
Published: January 2024

Background: Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men. Docetaxel is the most important drug for prostate cancer, but drug resistance reduces its effectiveness. One of the important strategies to increase the drug efficacy is the use of combination therapy. This study investigated toxic effect of Lippia citriodora leaf extract on two prostate cancer cell lines and its effect on docetaxel cytotoxicity.
Methods: Cytotoxicity of Lippia citriodora leaf extract was evaluated individually or in combination with docetaxel. Cells were cultured in 96-well plates. After treating cells with different concentrations of extracts and drugs, their survival was measured by MTT assay.
Results: Lippia citriodora leaf extract showed a highly toxic effect on prostate cancer cells. The extract at the highest concentration, decreased the percentage of viable cells to 18.01 ± 1.37 in PC-3 cells and to 20.80 ± 1.06 in LNCaP cells. The IC50 value of the extract was 78.14 mg/ml for PC-3 cells and 88.76 mg/ml for LNCaP cells. In addition, the extract increased the cytotoxicity of docetaxel. In the maximum increasing effect, the percentage of survival in PC-3 and LNCaP cells decreased from 50.87 ± 2.46 to 26.48 ± 1.12 and from 54.13 ± 1.83 to 28.84 ± 1.69, respectively.
Conclusion: Lippia citriodora leaf extract had a remarkable toxic effect on prostate cancer cells in vitro and increased docetaxel cytotoxicity. The antitumor effects of the extract can be further evaluated in vivo and clinical trials.
Comparison of the Effect of Two Drug Combinations: Ketamine-Midazolam -Sufentanil with Etomidate-Sufentanil on Changes in Heart Rate and Blood Pressure After Laryngoscopy and Endotracheal Intubation
Authors: Honarmand Azim , Karimian Kimia , Safavi Mohammadreza , Shetabi Hamidreza , Yazdani Alireza
Published: January 2024

Background: Due to the high prevalence of complications during and after laryngoscopy, especially hemodynamic disturbances, and the absence of a suitable solution for preventing these complications, this study was conducted to compare the effect of “Ketamine-Midazolam-Sufentanil” with “Etomidate-Sufentanil” combinations on changes in heart rate and blood pressure after laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation.
Methods: In this controlled, triple-blind randomized clinical trial, 96 laryngoscopy candidate patients were divided into three groups of 32 members and were given “Ketamine-Midazolam-Sufentanil” (KMS), “Etomidate-Sufentanil” (ES) and” Etomidate- Normal Saline” (NS) respectively before laryngoscopy. Hemodynamic parameter changes at baseline and 1,3,5 and 10 minutes after laryngoscopy, were measured and compared between the 3 groups.
Results: During the study, the 3 groups KMS, ES, and NS had 0%, 15.6% and, 3.1% bradycardia respectively (p value = 0.024). Changes in systolic blood pressure were significantly different in the 3 groups (p value = 0.043). However, the incidence of tachycardia, hypertension, and hypotension were not significantly different among the 3 groups.
Conclusion: Results of this study showed that using the “Ketamine-Midazolam-Sufentanil” combination before laryngoscopy can reduce hemodynamic disturbances during and after laryngoscopy. Patients who receive this drug combination seem to have more desirable hemodynamic stability during and after laryngoscopy.
Evaluation of 5-Year Survival Rate of Patients with Multiple Myeloma Undergoing Bone Marrow Transplantation: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Nemati Ali , Mood Elahenaz Parsi , Raghi Shirin , Moazed Vahid
Published: January 2024

Background: Multiple myeloma is a progressive and high mortality neoplasm, and the prevalence increases with aging. The main treatment for new cases aged less than 65 years is high-dose chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation. This study aims to determine the five-year survival rate of patients with multiple myeloma.
Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 97 patients with multiple myeloma who underwent bone marrow transplantation between 2011 and 2016 were investigated. Then, information related to gender, age at the time of transplantation, the time interval between diagnosis and transplantation, cases of death and, date of death of the studied patients were collected, and the survival of the patients from the date of diagnosis to the end of the study period (five years) was calculated. Data were analyzed using Cox proportional and chi-square tests.
Results: Five-year survival of patients was 59.8%. The median overall survival of patients was 54.22 months, which shows that age (p value = 0.003), gender (p value = 0.591), and the time delay between diagnosis and bone marrow transplantation (p value = 0.005) all affect patient survival. There was a significant relationship between the patient's age and the time interval between diagnosis and transplantation with the five-year survival of the patients.
Conclusion: As a result, bone marrow transplantation provides a higher survival rate. Also, the effect of the patient‘s age and time interval between diagnosis and transplantation, early diagnosis of the disease and, earlier bone marrow transplantation can bring longer survival for patients.
Evaluation of the Effect of Regular Administration of Coagulant Factors on the Joint Pain Level and Dimensions of the Quality of Life of the Patients Suffering from Some Bleeding Disorders (BDs)
Authors: Poursamimi Marzieh , Saravani Soleyman , Motlaq Fatemeh Akbari , Ehsanollahi Yahya , Poursamimi Javad
Published: January 2024

Background: Blood coagulation is a process that prevents blood loss. Lack of coagulation factors (inherited or acquired) disrupts this path. The prevalence of coagulant deficiency including VIII and XIII factors in Sistan and Baluchistan province is higher than in other parts of Iran. This study aimed to investigate the condition of patients suffering from some bleeding disorders (BDs) in terms of regular coagulant takes and their effects on quality of life.
Methods: Our cross-sectional study was descriptive-analytical. Thirty-five BD patients suffering the blood coagulant deficiency enrolled, and were sorted into 5 groups.
Results: The mean (±SD) age in the hemophilia A and B groups were (16.25 ± 8.15), and (8.14 ± 3.9), and other coagulation factor deficiencies including VWF, XIII, and IX were (15.1 ± 7.8), (15.5 ± 2.4), and IX (19.0 ± 11.5) respectively. The quality of life in group A (81.3 ± 14.9) compared to groups B (50 ± 0.25) and IX (47.5 ± 24.1) had a significant difference (p value < 0.05). In addition, there was a significant difference in group XIII (79.2 ± 29.2) compared to groups B (50 ± 0.25) and IX (47.5 ± 24.1) (p value < 0.05). Generally, the quality of life was higher in women (10 people) (72.5 ± 26.2) than in men (26 people) (61.1 ± 24.5). Furthermore, the Visual analog scale for pain in group A (1.3 ± 0.4) had a significant difference compared to group B (3.5 ± 0.43), IX (7.8 ± 0.9), XIII (0.4 ± 4.3) and VWF (3.2 ± 0.38) (p value < 0.05).
Conclusion: In sum, patients with hemophilia A and coagulation factor XIII deficiency had low levels of joint pain and a high level of quality of life dimensions.
Investigating the Relationship between Happiness and Environmental Attitude among Adults in Yazd City
Authors: Mojkar Mozhgan , Marvoti Mohammad Ali , Rahimi Abbas , Pourreza Abulqasem
Published: January 2024

Background: Happiness, as one of the most important psychological needs of humans, may have an impact on the environmental behavior of people due to its major effects on the formation of human personality. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between happiness and environmental attitudes in adults of Yazd City in 2019.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 230 people over 18 years of age in Yazd, and the sampling method in this study is simple random classification sampling and descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation), as well as Pearson correlation coefficient statistics and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and Variance was used.
Results: The results of this study showed that there is a significant relationship between the level of happiness and the type of attitude of people, the type of attitude and residential area, the level of happiness and education of the people of Yazd city regarding the relationship between happiness and environmental attitude (p value ≤ 0.001). Finally, the variable of education and residential area affects the attitude toward the environment, and the results showed that these variables have a significant relationship.
Conclusion: The most important conclusion of this research is the huge impact of the residential area on happiness and environmental parameters, which shows the influence of humans on the residential environment. This study showed that happiness is related to the environment.
Biological and Psychological Investigation of Sexual Desire Disorder in Infertile Men Referred to Avicenna Infertility Treatment Center
Authors: Amirjanti Nasser , Ghorbani Behzad , Sehat Zahra , Razi Saeed
Published: January 2024

Background: Decreased sexual desire in infertile men, which sometimes leads to infertility, can open the way to choose between drug or psychotherapy treatments for these patients, compared to psychological causes. Therefore, the present study was conducted to compare biological and psychological evaluation in men with and without sexual desire disorder in infertile patients referred to Avicenna Infertility Treatment Center.
Methods: A descriptive-analytical study was conducted on infertile men. The studied sample was estimated to be 128 people using G-power software, taking into account the first type error of 0.05, statistical power of 0.8, and effect size of 0.5, from the eligible infertile men by random sampling were chosen. Halbert's Sexual Desire Questionnaire (HISD) was used to measure sexual desire, and Zanke's standard questionnaire was used to measure anxiety.
Results: In this study, 128 men were examined. Among these people, 39.8% had the cause of male infertility and 11.7% had the cause of female infertility. 3.1% of the people had cryptorchidism, 32% had a history of varicocele, and 7% mentioned infection. Zonk score classification in the participants in the study: 73.33 ± 21.62, normal anxiety, 60.28 ± 13.62, mild anxiety, 50.50 ± 22.63, severe anxiety, and 44.50 ± 16.54, very severe anxiety they had. Among the investigated variables, the level of anxiety and depression is more related to smoking, Cryptorchidism, no history of varicocele, or history of infection.
Conclusion: Infertile men, in addition to reducing their cognitive well-being, suffer a heavy psychological burden that can cause dysfunction and a decrease in sexual desire.
MSME Education Level, Not a Driver of Acceleration Halal Certification Program
Authors: Syarofi Muhammad , Nur Syam  , Muhammad Lathoif Ghozali
Published: January 2024

The implication of UUJPH No. 33 of 2014 is that products that enter, circulate and are traded in the territory of Indonesia must be halal certified, however, the UUJPH is running slowly due to the low level of education of MSMEs and the low interest of MSMEs to have halal certificates, and there is no Banyuwangi Regent Regulation to strengthen the UUJPH. The purpose of this study was to determine that the level of education as a driver of the acceleration of the halal certification program. This research method uses a qualitative approach with a case study type of research, the research informants are the Banyuwangi halal task force, P3H, and business actors, data analysis using the Miles and Huberman Interactive model. The results showed that the level of education is not a driving force for the acceleration of the halal certification program in Banyuwangi MSMEs, because the education level of each MSME is not a strong basis for registering halal certificates, just as MSME academic degrees are not the main factor in creating quality products. This research rejects Soerjono's theory that the higher a person's education will make him tend to be in the degree of legal compliance and legal awareness. It can be formulated that the form of UMKM legal compliance with the UUJPH regarding halal certification obligations will be obeyed if there is education, socialization and assistance from the Halal Product Process Assistance not based on their level of education.
Beyond the Classroom in Indonesia: How Organizational Support Shapes Academic Stress and Emotional Wellness
Authors: Pratama Ferdino Putra , Raharjo Raden Johnny Hadi
Published: January 2024

In the era of modern education characterized by technological developments, understanding the factors that affect the academic load and emotional well-being of lecturers and students is very important. This study explores the impact of organizational support, time flexibility, and technological adaptation on the academic load and emotional well-being of lecturers and students in the college environment. Data was collected through an online questionnaire from 120 respondents, consisting of 92 female and 28 male respondents. Meanwhile, from the point of view of time flexibility, as many as 60 respondents came from universities that apply time flexibility. In comparison, the other 60 respondents came from universities that do not apply time flexibility. The data analysis technique used in this study is Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS software. The analysis results show that high awareness and understanding of lecturers and students on academic load is the main factor that eliminates the significant influence of variables such as organizational support, time flexibility, and technological adaptation to academic load. Nonetheless, the focus of the study shows that organizational support, technological adaptation, and academic load significantly influence emotional well-being. A deep understanding of the relationship between these variables can assist universities in creating an academic environment conducive to the development and well-being of the academic community.
Les réseaux sociaux des femmes entrepreneures tunisiennes et leurs accès aux ressources informationnelles et financières externes
Authors: Mbarek Wafa
Published: January 2024

De nombreux travaux en entrepreneuriat insistent sur l’importance des réseaux sociaux pour l’activité entrepreneuriale, au niveau de la création, de la survie et de développement des entreprises.
Durant les différentes phases de création du projet entrepreneurial l’entrepreneur a confronté à des problèmes d’accès aux informations et des problèmes d’accès aux financements externes. Pour faire face à ces deux majors problèmes l’entrepreneur doit mobiliser les réseaux sociaux.
Malgré l’importance des réseaux sociaux pour l’entrepreneur, rares sont les études qui traitent l’impact des réseaux sociaux sur l'accès des femmes entrepreneures tunisiennes aux ressources financières et informationnelles externes.
Notre objectif, est donc d’analyser l’impact des réseaux informels et des relations sociales formelles entrepreneurials sur l'accès des femmes entrepreneurs aux ressources externes financières et informationnelles. Nous avons mené une étude quantitative auprès d’un échantillon de 80 femmes entrepreneures tunisiennes. Les résultats étaient satisfaisants du fait que les réseaux sociaux informels ont un impact positif plus important sur l’accès des femmes entrepreneures aux financements bancaires que les réseaux formels. D’autre part Les entrepreneurs femmes sont d’autant mieux informés qu’elles sont soutenues par les réseaux sociaux formels à liens faible.
Physical Quality Of Edible Film From Duck Feet Gelatin Using Various Glycerol Concentrations
Authors: Gumilar Jajang , Aulia Andiati Hana , Wulandari Eka
Published: January 2024

Edible film is a type of packaging that can be consumed, can coat food products, and can be decomposed naturally (biodegradable). This research aims to assess the effect of applying glycerol on the physical quality of edible film from duck's feet gelatin. This research used a completely randomized design (CRD) followed by the Tukey test. The treatment was the use of 10% (T1), 20% (T2), 30% (T3), 40% (T4), and 50% (T5) glycerol. The treatments were repeated three times. The findings indicated that the use of glycerol had a significant difference in the yield, thickness, tensile strength, and Young's modulus of edible film (P<0.05), but was not significantly different in the elongation of edible film (P>0.05). The optimal glycerol concentration for edible film in this study was obtained by using 10% glycerol.
Approaches and Strategies in Applied Behavior Analysis for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: TUNA Ayşe
Published: January 2024

The main goal of applied behaviour analysis is to increase behaviours that are positive and helpful and decrease behaviours that affect learning negatively or are harmful. Behaviour analysis has been studied and used for decades and it has been shown that its methods can help many kinds of learners gain different skills. Therapists have been using applied behaviour analysis to help children with autism spectrum disorder and other related developmental disorders for a long time. Applied behaviour analysis can be adapted to meet the needs of each child and also be provided in different environments like school, home, and community. It can involve one-to-one teaching or group instruction and is effective at teaching skills useful in everyday life. In this paper, firstly approaches and strategies used to implement applied behaviour analysis on children with autism spectrum disorder are presented. Then, challenges related to these and emerging opportunities and software applications serving for applied behaviour analysis are reviewed. Finally, future research directions are presented.
Conceptual and Theoretical Review of Self-Worth
Authors: BIRNİ Gaye , ERYILMAZ Ali
Published: January 2024

This study examined the significance of self-worth as a crucial factor in human mental health and psychosocial development. The study explores self-worth interventions, mental disorders, and available resources. A comprehensive analysis of the conceptual and theoretical aspects of self-worth is undertaken. To begin with, the study offers conceptual justifications drawn from the self-worth literature, elucidating theoretical perspectives on the formation of self-worth in individuals. It elaborates on related concepts and their interconnections with self-worth. Furthermore, the examination extends to the influence of culture on self-worth development and emotions. Theoretical discussions on self-worth are approached through Psychoanalytic theory, Psychosocial development theory, Transactional analysis theory, and Attachment theory. The research scrutinizes the association between various mental disorders and self-worth, investigating how a lack of self-worth may exacerbate or precipitate certain psychopathologies. Previous interventions aimed at enhancing self-worth are outlined, accompanied by an exploration of methods for measuring self-worth. The study emphasizes the pivotal role of self-worth in individuals' mental health, considering the implications of concepts like unconditional self-worth and contingencies of self-worth. Recommendations are provided for individuals, parents, and mental health professionals based on the findings.