bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aversive Personality and COVID-19
Authors: Ścigała Karolina A. , Schild Christoph , Moshagen Morten , Lilleholt Lau , Zettler Ingo , Stückler Anna , Pfattheicher Stefan
Published: January 2022

Abstract. The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has strongly affected individuals and societies worldwide. In this review and meta-analysis, we investigated how aversive personality traits – that is, relatively stable antisocial personality characteristics – related to how individuals perceived, evaluated, and responded to the COVID-19 pandemic. Across 34 studies with overall 26,780 participants, we found that people with higher scores in aversive personality traits were less likely to perceive guidelines and restrictions to curb the spread of the virus as protective ([Formula: see text] = −.11), to engage in health behaviors related to COVID-19 ([Formula: see text] = −.16), and to engage in non-health-related prosocial behavior related to COVID-19 ([Formula: see text] = −.14). We found no consistent relation between aversive personality and negative effect regarding the pandemic. The results thus indicate the importance of aversive personality traits in understanding individual differences with regard to COVID-19.
Emotional and Behavioral Responses to COVID-19
Authors: Bacon Alison M. , Krupić Dino , Caki Nese , Corr Philip J.
Published: January 2022

Abstract. This review appraises evidence for the role of personality in COVID-19 related emotions and behaviors. Three key models of personality are considered: the Five-factor Model, HEXACO model, and Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST). In line with personality research, more generally, most studies focus on the Five-Factor model. Key findings are that neuroticism is most associated with poor mental health, and extraversion is associated with a reluctance to socially isolate. Conscientiousness predicts compliance with safety guidelines but also with fewer prosocial behaviors, particularly stockpiling. Research within the HEXACO framework largely confirms these findings, especially for emotionality and mental health. The additional HEXACO Honesty-Humility factor is found to be associated with prosocial views and abstention from panic buying. Studies based on the Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory of personality indicate emotional conflict as people wish to stay safe while maintaining a sense of normality. Behavioral compliance is driven by activation in the Fight-Flight-Freeze System (FFFS; fear-related) and the Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS; anxiety-related). The Behavioral Approach System (BAS) is implicated in approach-driven behaviors such as avoiding infection. These findings have implications for health communications and post-pandemic support.
Age Differences in COVID-19 Preventive Behavior
Authors: Korn Lars , Siegers Regina , Eitze Sarah , Sprengholz Philipp , Taubert Frederike , Böhm Robert , Betsch Cornelia
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Age is a critical risk factor for severe COVID-19. This is mirrored by older people showing preventive health behaviors more frequently. However, collective action across all age groups is necessary to reduce transmission. Therefore, this study assessed whether age differences are moderated by policy changes and whether policies further moderate the relationship between psychological determinants of behavior (risk perceptions and trust), age, and preventive behaviors. Risk perceptions, trust in institutions, self-reported frequency of preventive behaviors (mask-wearing, avoiding social gatherings), and demographics (e.g., age) were collected within the COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring (COSMO), a German serial cross-sectional survey. A total of 19,069 participants across 20 measurement points were included (online sample, quota-representative for Age × Gender and federal state in Germany; mid-April to the end of November 2020). Regression analyses showed that age differences in avoiding social gatherings and mask-wearing remained stable under different health policies but were further moderated by psychological variables. The introduction of stricter policies alone was not related to higher adoption rates of preventive behaviors, but it mitigated the effects of age and risk perceptions. Moreover, under mandatory policies, the correlation between trust in institutions and behaviors was amplified. The present research made a strong case for quality, targeted health, and risk communication. Without mandatory policies, the importance of preventive behaviors must be well understood to achieve high adherence – especially in young people who are threatened by the disease less directly.
Three‐Dimensional Modeling of Hysteresis in Rocks
Authors: Hua Dongjie , Jiang Qinghui
Published: January 2022

Hysteresis in rock is considered to be as one of the basic possible material behaviors. McCall and Guyer treat rocks as materials consisting of hysteretic mesoscopic elastic units (HMEU). Hysteresis with discrete memory can be well reflected by the density of HMEU in Preisach‐Mayergoyz space (PM space). However, this model is limited to one‐dimensional case and unable to obtain all the six components of strain tensor. We revisit and extend their model to three‐dimensional case by introducing a type of initially closed crack, and by redefining the hysteretic behavior of the initially open/closed mesoscopic cracks. Together with the directional probability density function E(n), our analysis leads to an explicit expression of the strain tensor of a rock under triaxial loading/unloading. The ratio of closed cracks, the direction of cracks and a parameter related to the equilibrium length of cracks are included in this three‐dimensional model.
Termite Fumigation in California Is Fueling the Rise of a Rare Greenhouse Gas
Authors: Duncombe Jenessa
Published: January 2022

The insecticide sulfuryl fluoride isn’t included in federal or state emissions reduction goals.
Widespread choroid plexus contamination in sampling and profiling of brain tissue
Authors: Olney Kimberly C. , Todd Kennedi T. , Pallegar Praveen N. , Jensen Tanner D. , Cadiz Mika P. , Gibson Katelin A. , Barnett Joseph H. , de Ávila Camila , Bouchal Samantha M. , Rabichow Benjamin E. , Ding Zonghui , Wojtas Aleksandra M. , Wilson Melissa A. , Fryer John D.
Published: January 2022

The choroid plexus, a tissue responsible for producing cerebrospinal fluid, is found predominantly in the lateral and fourth ventricles of the brain. This highly vascularized and ciliated tissue is made up of specialized epithelial cells and capillary networks surrounded by connective tissue. Given the complex structure of the choroid plexus, this can potentially result in contamination during routine tissue dissection. Bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing studies, as well as genome-wide in situ hybridization experiments (Allen Brain Atlas), have identified several canonical markers of choroid plexus such as Ttr, Folr1, and Prlr. We used the Ttr gene as a marker to query the Gene Expression Omnibus database for transcriptome studies of brain tissue and identified at least some level of likely choroid contamination in numerous studies that could have potentially confounded data analysis and interpretation. We also analyzed transcriptomic datasets from human samples from Allen Brain Atlas and the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) database and found abundant choroid contamination, with regions in closer proximity to choroid more likely to be impacted such as hippocampus, cervical spinal cord, substantia nigra, hypothalamus, and amygdala. In addition, analysis of both the Allen Brain Atlas and GTEx datasets for differentially expressed genes between likely “high contamination” and “low contamination” groups revealed a clear enrichment of choroid plexus marker genes and gene ontology pathways characteristic of these ciliated choroid cells. Inclusion of these contaminated samples could result in biological misinterpretation or simply add to the statistical noise and mask true effects. We cannot assert that Ttr or other genes/proteins queried in targeted assays are artifacts from choroid contamination as some of these differentials may be due to true biological effects. However, for studies that have an unequal distribution of choroid contamination among groups, investigators may wish to remove contaminated samples from analyses or incorporate choroid marker gene expression into their statistical modeling. In addition, we suggest that a simple RT-qPCR or western blot for choroid markers would mitigate unintended choroid contamination for any experiment, but particularly for samples intended for more costly omic profiling. This study highlights an unexpected problem for neuroscientists, but it is also quite possible that unintended contamination of adjacent structures occurs during dissections for other tissues but has not been widely recognized.
Use of CAR T-cell for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treatment: a review study
Authors: Sheykhhasan Mohsen , Manoochehri Hamed , Dama Paola
Published: January 2022

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a cancer-specific lymphoid cell. Induction and consolidation chemotherapy alone or in combination with different therapeutic approaches remain the main treatment. Although complete or partial remission of the disease can be achieved, the risk of relapse or refractory leukemia is still high. More effective and safe therapy options are yet unmet needs. In recent years’ new therapeutic approaches have been widely used. Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) presents significant limitations and the outcome of the consolidation treatment is patient dependent. Side effects such as Graft versus Host Disease (GvHD) in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are extremely common, therefore, using alternative methods to address these challenges for treatment seems crucial. In the last decade, T cells genetically engineered with Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) treatment for the ALL are largely studied and represent the new era of strategy. According to the Phase I/II clinical trials, this technology results seem very promising and can be used in the next future as an effective and safe treatment for ALL treatment. In this review different generations, challenges, and clinical studies related to chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells for ALL treatment are discussed.
Diet, lipids, and antitumor immunity
Authors: Prendeville Hannah , Lynch Lydia
Published: January 2022

Tumour growth and dissemination is largely dependent on nutrient availability. It has recently emerged that the tumour microenvironment is rich in a diverse array of lipids that increase in abundance with tumour progression and play a role in promoting tumour growth and metastasis. Here, we describe the pro-tumorigenic roles of lipid uptake, metabolism and synthesis and detail the therapeutic potential of targeting lipid metabolism in cancer. Additionally, we highlight new insights into the distinct immunosuppressive effects of lipids in the tumour microenvironment. Lipids threaten an anti-tumour environment whereby metabolic adaptation to lipid metabolism is linked to immune dysfunction. Finally, we describe the differential effects of commondietary lipids on cancer growth which may uncover a role for specific dietary regimens in association with traditional cancer therapies. Understanding the relationship between dietary lipids, tumour, and immune cells is important in the context of obesity which may reveal a possibility to harness the diet in the treatment of cancers.
An early transition to magnetic supercriticality in star formation
Authors: Ching T.-C. , Li D. , Heiles C. , Li Z.-Y. , Qian L. , Yue Y. L. , Tang J. , Jiao S. H.
Published: January 2022

Magnetic fields have an important role in the evolution of interstellar medium and star formation1,2. As the only direct probe of interstellar field strength, credible Zeeman measurements remain sparse owing to the lack of suitable Zeeman probes, particularly for cold, molecular gas3. Here we report the detection of a magnetic field of +3.8 ± 0.3 microgauss through the H I narrow self-absorption (HINSA)4,5 towards L15446,7—a well-studied prototypical prestellar core in an early transition between starless and protostellar phases8–10 characterized by a high central number density11 and a low central temperature12. A combined analysis of the Zeeman measurements of quasar H I absorption, H I emission, OH emission and HINSA reveals a coherent magnetic field from the atomic cold neutral medium (CNM) to the molecular envelope. The molecular envelope traced by the HINSA is found to be magnetically supercritical, with a field strength comparable to that of the surrounding diffuse, magnetically subcritical CNM despite a large increase in density. The reduction of the magnetic flux relative to the mass, which is necessary for star formation, thus seems to have already happened during the transition from the diffuse CNM to the molecular gas traced by the HINSA. This is earlier than envisioned in the classical picture where magnetically supercritical cores capable of collapsing into stars form out of magnetically subcritical envelopes13,14.
RNA profiles reveal signatures of future health and disease in pregnancy
Authors: Rasmussen Morten , Reddy Mitsu , Nolan Rory , Camunas-Soler Joan , Khodursky Arkady , Scheller Nikolai M. , Cantonwine David E. , Engelbrechtsen Line , Mi Jia Dai , Dutta Arup , Brundage Tiffany , Siddiqui Farooq , Thao Mainou , Gee Elaine P. S. , La Johnny , Baruch-Gravett Courtney , Santillan Mark K. , Deb Saikat , Ame Shaali M. , Ali Said M. , Adkins Melanie , DePristo Mark A. , Lee Manfred , Namsaraev Eugeni , Gybel-Brask Dorte Jensen , Skibsted Lillian , Litch James A. , Santillan Donna A. , Sazawal Sunil , Tribe Rachel M. , Roberts James M. , Jain Maneesh , Høgdall Estrid , Holzman Claudia , Quake Stephen R. , Elovitz Michal A. , McElrath Thomas F.
Published: January 2022

Maternal morbidity and mortality continue to rise, and pre-eclampsia is a major driver of this burden1. Yet the ability to assess underlying pathophysiology before clinical presentation to enable identification of pregnancies at risk remains elusive. Here we demonstrate the ability of plasma cell-free RNA (cfRNA) to reveal patterns of normal pregnancy progression and determine the risk of developing pre-eclampsia months before clinical presentation. Our results centre on comprehensive transcriptome data from eight independent prospectively collected cohorts comprising 1,840 racially diverse pregnancies and retrospective analysis of 2,539 banked plasma samples. The pre-eclampsia data include 524 samples (72 cases and 452 non-cases) from two diverse independent cohorts collected 14.5 weeks (s.d., 4.5 weeks) before delivery. We show that cfRNA signatures from a single blood draw can track pregnancy progression at the placental, maternal and fetal levels and can robustly predict pre-eclampsia, with a sensitivity of 75% and a positive predictive value of 32.3% (s.d., 3%), which is superior to the state-of-the-art method2. cfRNA signatures of normal pregnancy progression and pre-eclampsia are independent of clinical factors, such as maternal age, body mass index and race, which cumulatively account for less than 1% of model variance. Further, the cfRNA signature for pre-eclampsia contains gene features linked to biological processes implicated in the underlying pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia.
On the use of a 2D-carbon microfiber fractionation system to improve flow-injection QTOF-HRMS analysis in complex matrices: the case of Abelmoschus manihot flower extracts
Authors: Jon Chol-San , Yang Lei , Wang Zhao , Cui Meiyu , Sun Huaze , Wang Liyuan , Liu Lu , Nardiello Donatella , Quinto Maurizio , He Miao , Li Donghao
Published: January 2022

An efficient, comprehensive and systematic method for the putative identification of components in A. manihot flower extracts.
Intracellular photocatalytic-proximity labeling for profiling protein–protein interactions in microenvironments
Authors: Tsushima Michihiko , Sato Shinichi , Miura Kazuki , Niwa Tatsuya , Taguchi Hideki , Nakamura Hiroyuki
Published: January 2022

Intracellular photocatalytic-proximity labeling (iPPL) was developed to profile protein–protein interactions in the microenvironment of living cells.
Copper(ii) tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin: highly active copper-based molecular catalysts for electrochemical CO2 reduction
Authors: Kosugi Kento , Kashima Hina , Kondo Mio , Masaoka Shigeyuki
Published: January 2022

Highly active and low-overpotential electrochemical CO2 reduction can be achieved using a copper porphyrin complex bearing strong electron-withdrawing moieties.
(NH4)3FeF6mesocrystals grown by electric field-assistedin situdissolution and the reaction of anodic iron oxides
Authors: Li Hui , Su Zixue
Published: January 2022

3D ordered superstructures of (NH4)3FeF6are grownviaa non-classical crystal growth process involving electric field driven alignment and oriented attachment of primary particles, which can be converted to nano-micro hierarchical structured Fe2O3.
Photochemical and electrochemical C–N borylation of arylhydrazines
Authors: Du Linlin , Sun Li , Zhang Hua
Published: January 2022

Photochemical and electrochemical C–N borylation of arylhydrazines with bis(pinacolato)diboron has been realized for the simple and prompt synthesis of aryl boronate esters.
Tailor-made aromatic porphyrinoids with NIR absorption
Authors: Sahoo Sumit , Jana Manik , Rath Harapriya
Published: January 2022

Targeted syntheses of aromatic expanded and isomeric porphyrinoids with NIR absorption from functionalized heterocycle(s)/carbacycle synthons paving the way towards a plethora of applications in materials science and biology.
Generation of (amino)(boryloxy)carbenes from carbamoylboranes and their coupling reaction with aldehydes
Authors: Ishida Kento , Kusama Hiroyuki
Published: January 2022

A novel coupling reaction between carbamoylboranes and aldehydes under heating conditions has been developed. DFT calculations support the mechanism, which involves (amino)(boryloxy)carbene intermediates.
Exploring Eosin Y as a bimodular catalyst: organophotoacid mediated Minisci-type acylation of N-heteroarenes
Authors: Roy Vishal Jyoti , Sen Partha Pratim , Roy Sudipta Raha
Published: January 2022

Here we report Eosin Y as a bimodular catalyst for Minisci-type acylation reactions.
Diversely C8-functionalized adenine nucleosides via their underexplored carboxaldehydes
Authors: Akula Hari K. , Bae Suyeal , Pradhan Padmanava , Yang Lijia , Zajc Barbara , Lakshman Mahesh K.
Published: January 2022

Facile synthesis of adenosine and 2′-deoxyadenosine 8-carboxaldehydes provides a segue to diversely C8-functionalized adenine nucleoside analogues.
Using atomic charges to model molecular polarization
Authors: Jensen Frank
Published: January 2022

We review different models for introducing electric polarization in force fields, with special focus on methods where polarization is modelled at the atomic charge level.
Photoelectron spectroscopy in molecular physical chemistry
Authors: Fischer Ingo , Pratt Stephen T.
Published: January 2022

Photoelectron spectroscopy has evolved into a powerful tool for physical chemistry and molecular physics. Some recent examples are highlighted in this perspective.
Hourglass Weyl and Dirac nodal line phonons, and drumhead-like and torus phonon surface states in orthorhombic-type KCuS
Authors: Wang Jianhua , Yuan Hongkuan , Liu Ying , Zhou Feng , Wang Xiaotian , Zhang Gang
Published: January 2022

Hourglass Weyl nodal line phonons and Dirac nodal line phonons coexist in the phonon dispersion of a single material KCuS.
A thermochemical study of iron aluminate-based materials: a preferred class for isothermal water splitting
Authors: Warren Kent J. , Tran Justin T. , Weimer Alan W.
Published: January 2022

The use of iron aluminate-based materials can lead to improved thermochemical water-splitting performance, as their hydrogen production capacity under isothermal conditions far exceeds that of benchmark ceria even when exposed to a temperature swing.
Visible light-mediated polychlorination of alkenes via the dichloromethyl radical generated by chloroform and chlorides
Authors: Wu Chunying , Hui Xin , Zhang Dan , Zhang Minghui , Zhu Yunbo , Wang Sicen
Published: January 2022

A protocol for visible light-mediated selective C–Cl activation of chlorides for the polychlorination of alkenes has been developed. This strategy allows for the installation of multiple chlorine atoms into double bonds under mild conditions.
Bimetallic ZnCo nanorod array for highly reactive and durable hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Zhu Jianmin , Xu Lishuang , Zhang Shuai , Yang Ying , Huang Licheng , Zhang Xiao , Wang Tingting , Wang Xinlu , Dong Xiangting
Published: January 2022

One-step hydrothermal method to synthesize a stable ZnCo2(OH)F nanorod array structure supported by nickel foam.
Development of a high-throughput platform for screening lipid nanoparticles for mRNA delivery
Authors: Cui Lili , Pereira Sara , Sonzini Silvia , van Pelt Sally , Romanelli Steven M. , Liang Lihuan , Ulkoski David , Krishnamurthy Venkata R. , Brannigan Emily , Brankin Christopher , Desai Arpan S.
Published: January 2022

We present an automated high-throughput platform to screen novel ionisable lipids for lipid nanoparticle-mediated mRNA delivery, which is integrated into a fully-automated workflow for LNP preparation, characterisation and biological evaluation.
Quantifying interfacial tensions of surface nanobubbles: How far can Young's equation explain?
Authors: Teshima Hideaki , Kusudo Hiroki , Bistafa Carlos , Yamaguchi Yasutaka
Published: January 2022

By precise extraction of the liquid–gas, solid–gas, and solid–liquid interfacial tensions through MD simulations, we provide an answer to the long-standing issue of the flat shape of submicron-sized surface bubbles observed in experiments.
Numerical simulations of the great eruption of η Carinae from the 1840s
Authors: González R. F. , Zapata L. A. , Raga A. C. , Cantó J. , Velázquez P. F. , de Gouveia Dal Pino E. M.
Published: January 2022

In this work, we present new 2D hydrodynamical simulations of the major eruption of η Car in the 1840s, which resulted in the formation of a bipolar nebula that is commonly known as the large Homunculus. In our numerical models, we have included the high-speed component of 10 000 km s−1, which was detected in recent observations, providing direct evidence of an explosive event. Here, we investigate whether such a violent explosion is able to explain both the shape and the dynamical evolution of η Car’s nebula. As in our previous work, we have assumed a two-stage scenario for η Car’s eruption: a slow outflow phase for a few decades before the eruption, followed by the explosive event. From the collision of these outflow phases, the large Homunculus is produced. Our numerical simulations show that such a scenario does not resemble some of the observed physical features and the expansion of the nebula. Notwithstanding, we also explore other injection parameters (mass-loss rate and ejection velocity) for these outflow phases. In particular, we find that an explosion with an intermediate speed of 1000 km s−1 is able to reproduce the morphology and the kinematical age of the large Homunculus.
Evaluation of development of Apple Inc. stock price time series
Authors: Horák Jakub , Kaisler Dominik
Published: January 2022

The paper deals with the the development of a specific company’s stock price time series. The aim of the paper is to use the time series method for a detailed analysis and evaluation of the development of Apple Inc. stock prices. Daily data from 2000 to 2020, daily data from the period of the economic crisis between 2007 and 2009 and daily data from the Covid-19 pandemic period from March 2020 to the end of the same year are used. The data, from the period of 2000 - 2020 show a gradual increase in Apple’s stock prices. The most common factor leading to the increase in stock prices is the launch of a new product or service on the global market. On the contrary, the reason for the decline in stock prices is customer dissatisfaction, the excess of demand over supply, or the political situation. The analysis of time series for the period of the economic crisis points to the fact that thanks to the development, innovation and constant introduction of new products into the market, the company was not significantly affected by the crisis and neither were stock prices. Naturally, there were some fluctuations in prices, but at the end of 2009, the company even reached the highest stock prices in its history to date. The analysis of time series during the global pandemic of Covid-19 shows a steady rise in stock prices. Currently, the company sells more and more products and introduces new services that help us work, study or entertain ourselves in these difficult times, in the safety of our homes.
Is it recession-proof? Masstige purchase intention: the moderating effect of perceived economic crisis
Authors: Kassie Belay Addisu , Bang Jounghae
Published: January 2022

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of economic crisis on consumers’ masstige behavioural intention. The study examines the effects of uniqueness, hedonic value, conspicuous consumption and perceived quality on masstige purchase intention, and as well the moderating effect of perceived economic crisis. The study conducts the hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The results show that uniqueness and hedonic values have significant influences on masstige purchase intention, while conspicuous consumption and perceived quality have no influence on masstige purchase intention. In addition, perceived economic crisis has no moderating effect on the relationship between uniqueness, hedonic value, conspicuous consumption, perceived quality and masstige purchase intention.
« Puede respirar, sniff ? » Les soignants face aux défis des interactions avec des publics migrants
Authors: Ticca Anna-Claudia
Published: January 2022

Cette contribution vise à mettre en lumière les compétences interactionnelles et relationnelles des professionnels de soins dans la prise en charge de patients allophones. Un aspect important de ces interactions observées est le travail d’élaboration de l’intercompréhension, caractérisé par des séquences de reformulation, répétition, réparation, etc., en français et dans d’autres langues, avec le recours à des pratiques multimodales (i.e. verbales et non verbales). À travers l’analyse de segments d’interactions filmées en situation, cette étude met en lumière les savoir-faire relationnels et interactionnels des soignants, qui jonglent avec l’utilisation d’une ou plusieurs lingua franca et d’autres ressources interactionnelles afin de gérer la consultation dans ses dimensions informationnelle, relationnelle et de soin. Renouveler son répertoire de ressources représente un défi nécessaire pour les professionnels du soin qui interagissent avec des publics migrants.
Interdiscursivité et transmissions orales dans le domaine de l’aide à la personne avec les personnes âgées
Authors: Lefelle Marie
Published: January 2022

Les professionnels qui s’occupent des personnes âgées dans les établissements de santé possèdent plusieurs identités, à la fois aidants dans la relation avec la personne âgée et spécialistes de la pratique dans les interactions interprofessionnelles, ils s’adaptent en permanence au contexte, aux individus et à la réalité qui s’imposent à eux. Cette double identité pose des questions quant aux compétences de ces professionnels qui doivent être capables de présenter des qualités humaines d’écoute, d’empathie dans leurs échanges avec les personnes âgées mais également des capacités strictement professionnelles englobant la maîtrise du lexique spécialisé et les implicites spécifiques à la pratique dans les communications interprofessionnelles. Pour cet article, nous nous servirons d’un corpus récolté dans un organisme de formation des professionnels du soin et de l’aide et dans un établissement de santé pour les personnes âgées. Nous nous intéresserons aux communications interprofessionnelles à travers la problématique de l’interdiscursivité dans les transmissions orales. Les professionnels se servent effectivement de discours pour justifier des soins apportés ou pour rapporter des éléments qu’ils jugent importants de soumettre aux autres professionnels dans le cadre du suivi des soins pour la personne âgée. Nous verrons que les discours partagés en transmissions orales relèvent d’implicites spécifiques à la pratique professionnelle maîtrisés par tous les membres de la communauté de pratique.
La place du langage dans les premières rencontres entre soignants et soignés
Authors: Coupé Christophe , Ollagnier-Beldame Magali
Published: January 2022

Le langage occupe une place importante dans le soin, qu’il accompagne et ‘enveloppe’ les différents actes des soignants ou qu’il soit le soin lui-même, en particulier dans un cadre psychothérapeutique. Nous insistons dans cet article sur le rôle du langage lors de la première rencontre entre un soignant et un soigné, en nous appuyant sur l’expérience vécue par le premier. Cette expérience est étudiée avec l’entretien micro-phénoménologique, une technique de collecte et d’analyse de données qui offre des descriptions précises, holistiques et en première personne d’une situation. Nous expliquons d’abord comment l’activité langagière s’inscrit dans le cadre d’une activité finalisée, pluridimensionnelle sur le plan expérientiel, qui vise à comprendre la problématique du soigné ainsi qu’à construire une relation avec lui. Nous nous penchons alors sur les différentes facettes du langage du patient auxquelles le soignant prête attention, puis décrivons le langage du soignant – ce qu’il dit et se dit – à l’aide des actes de langage et de leur fonction illocutoire. Il apparait que le langage sert à bien davantage qu’échanger des informations, et occupe pour des soignants de professions diverses un rôle clé dans la dynamique micro-expérientielle, que ce soit pour comprendre l’autre, ajuster son comportement ou proposer un accompagnement.
Approche quantitative des interactions soignantes à l'hôpital psychiatrique depuis une perspective interactionniste
Authors: Chalancon Benoit , Colón de Carvajal Isabel , Maritaud Louis , Lascar Justine , Boyer Laurie
Published: January 2022

La réforme du système de santé incite les soignants à être de plus en plus efficaces lors de situations de communication. Les spécificités de la pratique infirmière en santé mentale peuvent s'illustrer par le soin relationnel qui représente un enjeu dans la continuité des soins au vu de la complexité grandissante des prises en charge. Dans un tel contexte, une étude portant sur les compétences d’interaction des infirmiers dans un service psychiatrique pour adultes semble se justifier. L’ancrage théorique et méthodologique de cette recherche relèvent de l’analyse conversationnelle et de l’ethnométhodologie. Le projet CIPSY est ainsi un projet exploratoire qui étudie les compétences d’interaction durant les relèves infirmières, et les multiples façons de transmettre de l’information disponibles dans leur pratique, qu’elles soient écrites ou orales. Cet article présente d’une part la méthode exploratoire utilisée et propose une analyse quantitative du temps passé dans chaque relève enregistrée, comparant en particulier les patients en mesure d’isolement et les patients en chambre simple. D’autre part, nous présentons trois résultats statistiques soulignant les différences de contenu des relèves orales et écrites. Nous décrivons enfin l’ébauche d’une méthode utilisée pour visualiser les données orales d’un même patient à l’aide du logiciel Voyant Tools.
Die Rechtsfrage: Wenn Patient*innen nicht selbst unterschreiben können – was tun?
Authors: Schlegel Thomas
Published: January 2022

„Was tun, wenn Patient*innen aufgrund von Blindheit oder Erkrankungen wie Parkinson ihre Therapieeinheiten nicht auf der Verordnung abzeichnen können? Welche Lösung gibt es, wenn sie allein in die Praxis kommen, also keine Angehörigen dabei sind und es aufgrund vollständiger Geschäftsfähigkeit auch keine gesetzliche Betreuung gibt? Ist dann zum Beispiel ein Unterschriftenstempel zulässig?“

Therapeut aus Sachsen
Starthilfe in Deutschland – Anpassungsqualifizierung für Therapierende aus dem Ausland
Authors: Frank Petra
Published: January 2022

Wer als Physiotherapeut*in aus dem Ausland nach Deutschland kommt, hat einige Formalitäten zu erfüllen, damit der Berufsabschluss anerkannt wird. Aber auch das fachliche Know-how muss stimmen und dem staatlichen Abschluss in Deutschland entsprechen. Eine Projektgruppe am Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf unterstützt Therapeut*innen dabei, in Deutschland Fuß zu fassen.
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Erkrankung versus Anti-NMDA-Rezeptor-Enzephalitis
– eine Kasuistik
Authors: Höppner-Buchmann Jacqueline , Seidel Desiree , Block Frank , Briedigkeit Lutz , Tietke Marc , Nürnberger Jens , Frank Bernd
Published: January 2022

Die klinische Differenzierung zwischen Autoimmun- und neurodegenerativen
Erkrankungen kann im Einzelfall eine diagnostische Herausforderung bedeuten. Die
Differentialdiagnostik rasch progredienter neurologischer und kognitiver
Symptome schließt entzündliche oder neoplastische
Enzephalopathien, zerebrale Tumore oder Vaskulitiden, aber auch seltene
neurodegenerative Erkrankungen wie z. B. die Creutzfeldt-Jakob
Erkrankung ein. Vor dem Hintergrund des Einsatzes von immunsuppressiven
Maßnahmen ist die Detektion eines Autoimmunprozesses in Kombination mit
einer Creutzfeldt-Jakob Erkrankung von erheblicher therapeutischer Bedeutung.
Die folgende Kasuistik stellt einen differentialdiagnostisch interessanten und
seltenen Fall vor, bei dem sowohl eine Autoimmun- als auch Prionerkrankung
diskutiert wurde.
Vielseitige Schlinge – Funktionelles Training mit dem Sling
Authors: Dirschauer Katrin , Clemens Thomas , Ehrhardt Dirk
Published: January 2022

Sling-Training, Schlingentraining, TRX-Training – so vielseitig wie sein Name ist auch der Einsatzbereich eines Sling-Trainers. Denn das Training mit den Bändern lässt sich nicht nur im sportlichen Kontext verwenden, auch in der Therapie können die Übungen hilfreich sein.
Effects of Long-Acting Somatostatin Analogues on Lipid Metabolism in
Patients with Newly Diagnosed Acromegaly: A Retrospective Study of 120
Cases
Authors: Shao Xiao-qing , Chen Zheng-yuan , Wang Meng , Yang Ye-ping , Yu Yi-fei , Liu Wen-juan , Wang Yi , Zeng Fang-fang , Gong Wei , Ye Hong-ying , Wang Yong-fei , Zhao Yao , Zhang Li , Zhang Zhao-yun , He Min , Li Yi-ming
Published: January 2022

The short-term effects of long-acting somatostatin analogues (SSAs) on lipid
profiles in patients with acromegaly are not well studied. We retrospectively
analyzed the effects of SSAs on lipid profiles and associated cardiovascular
risk factors in a cohort of 120 newly diagnosed acromegaly patients. In this
study, 69 females and 51 males were included. These patients were treated with
either octreotide LAR (OCT) or lanreotide SR (LAN) for 3 months. After SSAs
treatment, both GH and IGF-1 significantly decreased (p<0.001).
Triglyceride (TG), total to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio,
and lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] levels were significantly decreased, while HDL-C
levels were increased (p<0.05). The reduction of mean serum GH
(GHm) was positively associated with the decrease of TG
(r=0.305, p=0.001) and Lp(a) (r=0.257, p=0.005),
as well as the increase of HDL-C (r=−0.355, p<0.001).
The changes of lipid profiles were observed only in OCT group, but not in LAN
group. In addition, systolic blood pressure (SBP) had significantly declined
after SSAs treatment, with an average reduction of 4.4 mmHg
(126.7±1.28 vs. 122.3±1.44 mmHg, p=0.003), while
no change was observed regarding diastolic blood pressure (DBP)
(p>0.05). Fasting insulin, fasting C-peptide, and HOMA-IR were
significantly decreased after SSAs treatment. In conclusion, our current study
revealed that short-term SSAs treatment improves lipid profiles and other
cardiovascular risk factors in patients with acromegaly.
Was hinter der Maske steckt – Kommunikation mit Mundschutz verbessern
Authors: Wienand Gernot
Published: January 2022

Auch in den kommenden Monaten wird der Mund-Nasen-Schutz unser ständiger Begleiter bleiben. Dass er sich auf unsere Kommunikation auswirkt, hat jede bzw. jeder schon bemerkt. Zeit, noch mal innezuhalten, und zu überlegen, wie sich die Kommunikation mit Patient*innen unterstützen lässt.
Lamb Head as a Training Model for Septoplasty and Rhinoplasty
Authors: Apaydin Fazil , Saghir Meshari , Garcia Rodrigo Fortunato Fernandez Pellon , Daoud Mahmoud , Jaber Ayman
Published: January 2022

Septoplasty and rhinoplasty are difficult operations to learn and teach. Many modalities have been proposed to make the teaching process of these operations easier. In this study, it was investigated if lamb heads were good training models to teach septoplasty and rhinoplasty to trainees or experienced surgeons. In the first part of the study, 21 lamb heads were dissected according to a dissection protocol and several anatomical distances were measured to compare them with human cadavers. In the second part, eight lamb heads were dissected and different preservation rhinoplasty techniques were practiced. The study on 21 lamb heads used showed that the lateral crura were 17.8 × 11.6, the average interdomal distance was 8.1 mm, and the average domal width was 3.7 mm. The average length of the upper lateral cartilages was 31.1 mm laterally and 21.2 medially. The average length of the nasal bones was 63.9 mm, and the width was 16 mm. In the second part of the study, 8 lamb heads were used to experience where high-strip techniques were used in 5 and the Cottle technique in 3. This study revealed that lamb heads should be considered as an excellent training model for septoplasty and rhinoplasty. Its very low cost, ease of availability, and close similarity to the human cadavers can be counted as the main advantages. This study also proved that it was not only a tool for beginners, but also a very helpful tool for experienced surgeons to try new methods.
Tertiary Alkylative Suzuki–Miyaura Couplings
Authors: Sheppard Tom D. , Nishikata Takashi , Tsuchiya Naoki
Published: January 2022

Suzuki–Miyaura coupling is an extremely useful way to construct Csp2–Csp2 carbon bonds. On the other hand, Csp2–Csp3 coupling reactions do not work well, and tert-alkylative Suzuki–Miyaura coupling is particularly challenging due to problematic oxidative addition and β-hydride elimination side reactions. In this short review, we will introduce recent examples of tert-alkylative Suzuki–Miyaura couplings with tert-alkyl electrophiles or -boron reagents. The review will mainly focus on catalyst and product structures and on the proposed mechanisms.

1 Introduction

2 Ni-Catalyzed tert-Alkylative Couplings

3 Pd-Catalyzed tert-Alkylative Couplings

4 Fe-Catalyzed tert-Alkylative Couplings

5 tert-Alkylative Couplings with 1-Alkenyl Borons

6 tert-Alkylative Couplings under Photoirradiation

7 Stereospecific tert-Alkylative Couplings

8 Conclusion
N-Amino-imidazol-2-one (Nai) Residues as Tools for Peptide Mimicry: Synthesis, Conformational Analysis and Biomedical Applications
Authors: Lubell William D. , Hamdane Yousra , Poupart Julien
Published: January 2022

N-Amino-imidazol-2-one (Nai) residues are tools for studying peptide-backbone and side-chain conformation and function. Recent methods for substituted Nai residue synthesis, conformational analysis by X-ray crystallography and computation, and biomedical applications are reviewed, demonstrating the utility of this constrained residue to favor biologically active turn conformers with defined χ-dihedral angle orientations.

1 Introduction

2 Synthetic Methods

3 Conformational Analysis

4 Biomedical Applications

5 Conclusions
Elucidation of the Nucleophilic Potential of Diazocyclopentadiene
Authors: Mayr Herbert , Hartnagel Manfred , Ofial Armin R.
Published: January 2022

Diazocyclopentadiene reacts with benzhydrylium ions (Ar2CH+) to give 2,5-dibenzhydryl-substituted diazocyclopentadienes. The kinetics have been determined photometrically in dichloromethane under pseudo-first-order conditions using diazocyclopentadiene in excess. Plots of the second-order rate constants (log k
2) versus the electrophilicity parameters E of the benzhydrylium ions gave the nucleo­philicity parameter N = 4.84 and susceptibility s
N = 1.06 for diazo­cyclopentadiene according to the correlation log k(20 °C) = s
N(E + N). Diazocyclopentadiene thus has a similar nucleophilic reactivity as pyrrole. Previously reported electrophilic substitutions of diazocyclopentadiene are rationalized by these parameters and new reaction possibilities are predicted.
Excellent 2.8 μm fluorescence properties of Dy3+ ions by optimizing the structure of tellurite glasses
Authors: Chen Bin , Li Jiabo , Cai Muzhi , Li Bingpeng , Huang Feifei , Tian Ying , Xu Shiqing
Published: January 2022

Optimizing the luminescence performance of Dy3+ ions by regulating the composition and structure of glass is of significant importance for the further development of mid-infrared (MIR) lasers. In this study, a TeO2–Na2O system was selected as the glass matrix owing to its wide glass-forming range for Dy3+ doping, while B2O3, MgO, and ZnO were selected as modifiers to the binary system to improve the thermal and optical properties. MgO was found to improve the crystallization resistance of the tellurite glass matrix, as revealed by differential scanning calorimetry. Raman and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed that the structure of the matrices became more flexible with the addition of ZnO. More non-bridging oxygen was released, which aids the enhanced 2.8 μm emission of Dy3+ ions. Therefore, these tellurite glasses are suitable laser gain mediums for Dy3+ luminescence, and the structure can be adjusted according to the requirements of specific practical applications in the MIR band.
Parameters affecting the H2 production and frequency gaps in Ar moisture dielectric barrier discharge
Authors: Dey Ghasiram , Nadkarni Shirish A. , Toley Madhu A. , Vidya Vidya
Published: January 2022

Dependency of H2 production and frequency gaps with working frequency, applied electric fields, discharge gas-gap (GG), and central electrode materials in Ar-moisture dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) non-thermal plasma is presented. H2 production during the transformation of moisture in an Ar carrier having 100% relative humidity employing DBD is monitored by gas chromatography with a thermal conductivity detector. Coaxial cylindrical reactors with an outer Pyrex tube (common for all reactors) accompanied by two different categories of central electrodes [Pyrex in double dielectric (DD) and bare metal, such as stainless steel or aluminum or copper (Cu) in single dielectric (SD) of different GGs], are used. A high-frequency (4–30 kHz) ac power supply is employed for plasma as well as H2 generations. Dissipated powers in reactors are measured under similar conditions that differ marginally between DD and SD reactors. The formation of •OH and Ar metastable species is observed in optical emission spectra confirming the free radical-based water-splitting reactions for H2 generation. Interestingly, the use of high frequency leads to various frequency gaps within the 4–30 kHz range where there is neither the generation of filamentary discharge nor the H2 formation. These frequency gaps vary with GGs and the type of central electrode materials used in DBD reactors. In addition, an increase in the applied voltage controls the frequency gaps under study. H2 production of ∼3600 ppmv obtained with the Cu-containing SD reactor translates to over 21% water conversion.
Imperfect O(2) symmetry in counter-rotating split-cylinder flow
Authors: Gutierrez-Castillo P. , Lopez J. M.
Published: January 2022

The effect of a small imperfection in the counter-rotating split-cylinder flow is studied numerically. The defect is characterized by a small parameter ϵ, corresponding to the difference in the magnitude of rotations in each half of the cylinder. With the two half cylinders not rotating exactly in counter rotation, the O(2) symmetry of the exact counter-rotating case (invariance to azimuthal rotations as well as to an involution consisting of reflections about the mid-plane composed of reflections about any meridional plane) is weakly broken. This small defect results in relevant variations in the flow. For slow rotations (characterized by a small Reynolds number), the system remains axisymmetric with the imperfection only breaking the reflection symmetry about the cylinder half-height. At larger Reynolds numbers, in the absence of the imperfection, axisymmetry is broken resulting in steady states with azimuthal wavenumber m. When axisymmetry is broken in the presence of the imperfection, a background rotation is introduced. Depending on the case and the level of imperfection, either rotating waves or slow-fast dynamics with mean background rotations are found instead. The interaction between azimuthal wavenumbers m = 2 and 3 plays a crucial role in the flow. The flow is analyzed in detail, varying ϵ from a very small value of 0.01%, typical of a natural imperfection in an experimental setup, to higher values corresponding to forced symmetry breaking. The ramifications of the imperfection on various solution states found in the exact counter-rotating case for a fixed aspect ratio are investigated.
Advanced characterization of magnetization dynamics in iron oxide magnetic nanoparticle tracers
Authors: Bui Thinh Q. , Biacchi Adam J. , Dennis Cindi L. , Tew Weston L. , Hight Walker Angela R. , Woods Solomon I.
Published: January 2022

Characterization of the magnetization dynamics of single-domain magnetic nanoparticles is important for magnetic particle imaging (MPI), magnetic resonance imaging, and emerging medical diagnostic/therapeutic technologies. Depending on particle size and temperature, nanoparticle magnetization relaxation time constants span from nanoseconds to seconds. In solution, relaxation occurs via coupled Brownian and Néel relaxation mechanisms. Even though their coexistence complicates analysis, the presence of two timescales presents opportunities for more direct control of magnetization behavior if the two processes can be understood, isolated, and tuned. Using high frequency coils and sample temperature tunability, we demonstrate unambiguous determination of the specific relaxation processes for iron oxide nanoparticles using both time and frequency domain techniques. Furthermore, we study the evolution of the fast dynamics at ≈ 10 ns timescales, for magnetic field amplitudes relevant to MPI.
Comparison of swimming in water and swimming in syrup for two hydromechanical models
Authors: Felderhof B. U.
Published: January 2022

The swimming of a dumbbell and of a three-sphere chain in a viscous incompressible fluid is studied on the basis of simplified equations of motion, which take into account both friction and inertial effects. The study is focused on the question of whether a particular swimmer will swim slower or faster in syrup than in water. The answer to this question for the dumbbell turns out to be complex. For the three-sphere chain, there is a small increase in swimming velocity in syrup.