bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Protezione dei dati personali, etica, proprietà intellettuale e antropologia culturale e sociale in Italia
Authors: Declich Francesca
Published: January 2022

Il Regolamento generale sulla protezione dei dati entrato in vigore nel 2018 ha modificato la maniera con la quale si concepiscono i diritti e le libertà dei soggetti che cedono i propri dati personali. Il mondo della ricerca e soprattutto quello della ricerca che coinvolge esseri umani, dalla ricerca storica e sociale a quella medica, si sta confrontando con questa legge europea. L’antropologia culturale e sociale, caratterizzata da metodiche quali la ricerca sul campo, l’etnografia, l’osservazione partecipante, spesso coinvolta in compiti di informazione e critica sociale, plasma il suo spazio nelle pieghe di un regolamento le cui prassi applicative sono concepite per altri ambiti disciplinari. Il testo analizza la questione da varie angolature evidenziando aspetti sui quali antropologhe e antropologi possono doversi confrontare difendendo l’epistemologia della scoperta nelle proprie ricerche.
Walking in the footsteps of the forefathers. The concept of “ancestry” between political use of molecular biology and indigenous territory, understood as a relationship between the living and the dead
Authors: Volpi Laura
Published: January 2022

Kichwa indigenous people of the Peruvian Amazon Forest have been facing, for several years, a territorial conflict due to the establishment of a natural park on their homelands. In order to question the legitimacy of native claims, the Regional Government puts forward the hypothesis of the Andean kichwa migration. On the other hand, several NGOs hope to help this native people, using some biomolecular investigations that “scientifically certify” its Amazonian origins and its ancestral relationship with the surrounding territories. However, the natives seem lukewarm to the uncritical acquisition of a strategic discourse based on the rhetoric of “temporal primacy”. Thus, despite having assimilated an ancestral-genetic discourse, they reshape it in light of a more relational conception of territory. The latter, far from being considered an inheritance transmitted from one generation to the other, is seen as a peculiar space of conservation and generation of memory, in which the living constantly interweave present and active relationships with the dead.
‘Soltanto le montagne non si incontrano’. Buone pratiche per il recupero di colture/culture locali fra tradizione e innovazione
Authors: Bonato Laura
Published: January 2022

Le aree alpine negli ultimi decenni del Novecento sono state testimoni di un notevole processo di spopolamento: gli effetti sull'ambiente causati dall'abbandono delle pratiche agropastorali si sono estesi oltre la dimensione locale, cambiando i caratteri del paesaggio e le tradizioni culturali e trasformando queste aree in terre marginali. Ma da qualche anno nell’intero arco alpino esistono diverse realtà che stanno cercando di reintrodurre differenti tipi di coltivazioni storicamente documentate: ad esempio la segale, cereale di montagna per eccellenza che, pur non essendo originaria delle Alpi, era indispensabile e fondamentale per l’alimentazione e per la quotidianità fino agli anni ’50 del secolo scorso. Il suo recupero, che è al contempo economico, culturale e turistico, gioca un ruolo significativo – e fortificante, a mio parere – nell’interazione, nella collaborazione e negli scambi tra le comunità locali e funziona da trait d’union fra tradizione e contemporaneità. Questo esempio sarà utile a mostrare che la reintroduzione di coltivazioni locali e storicamente documentate, se rivitalizza l’economia regionale e al contempo tutela l’ambiente, permette di porre l’accento sul fatto che indagare lo spazio alpino attraverso l’implementazione di modelli di sostenibilità culturale ed economica, enfatizzando la rete relazionale e rafforzando l’integrazione e il comportamento attraverso la conoscenza-apprendimento-ricordo, coinvolge le comunità locali in un ruolo più attivo nella società.
Morte e rinascita di una risorsa sostenibile: le terre d’acqua e il riso Gigante Vercelli
Authors: Porporato Davide
Published: January 2022

Il saggio vuole essere una prima riflessione sulla recente ripresa della produzione del riso Gigante Vercelli, una varietà creata nel 1936, la cui coltivazione era stata abbandonata a partire dagli anni Sessanta del Novecento. L’ambito territoriale di riferimento è il territorio vercellese, cuore di uno dei più grandi distretti agroindustriali italiani. Oggi la coltivazione di questo riso, che ha la peculiarità di essere naturalmente resistente al brusone, la malattia fungina più dannosa a livello mondiale, è possibile ovunque, ma l’areale di moltiplicazione della semente è circoscritto al Piemonte. Nel 2018 è stato istituito il Presidio Slow Food riso Gigante Vercelli e predisposto un disciplinare di produzione molto attento ai temi della sostenibilità.
Participatory Budgeting Within the Framework of Open Government
Authors: Vicente-Romero Geovanny
Published: January 2022

Participatory budgeting is a public policy and management instrument as well as a mechanism to help develop citizen participation and transparency. This chapter examines participatory budgeting from its origins, evolution, and the way in which it has contributed to make management transparent at the local government level, appropriately guiding the use of financial resources while contributing to the fight against corruption. This work demonstrates how the Dominican Republic is implementing participatory budgeting policies and their impact on the administration of local municipalities, quality of life improvements, and citizen participation as a core democratic principle of direct open government. This chapter presents a strong case, based on the example of municipal-level governments in the Dominican Republic, that participatory budgeting at the local level is one of the most important direct democratic instruments of Open Governments after the right to vote to create a solid foundation for good governance at the local level.
A Policy Evaluation on the Challenges of a Universal Basic Income for Referendum in Taiwan
Authors: Li Chang-Lin , Schiller Felix
Published: January 2022

In recent years, the Universal Basic Income (UBI) has become a frequently discussed issue around the world. Recently, Spain may issue permanent basic income as a method to flight COVID-19. Italy's government proposed the introduction in 2018. Also, Swiss citizens voted on the introduction by referendum in June 2016. But, would such a referendum be possible in Taiwan and what would be the outcome in Taiwan? The amended Taiwanese Referendum Act passed by the Legislative Yuan and enacted by President Tsai in January 2018 facilitates the referendum process and lowered the preconditions for citizens to launch a proposal. Currently, only 1,879 supporters required it in the first phase, and around 280,000 signatures in the second phase are necessary to support such an initiative; the acceptance quorum was then lowered to only 4,890,000 required voters. This chapter focuses on the public and empirical discussion of UBI in Taiwan and UBI as a possible referendum with learnings from the Swiss UBI experience.
Entrenching Community (Participatory) Governance Through Street Committees at Cato Crest, eThekwini Municipality
Authors: Tshishonga Ndwakhulu Stephen
Published: January 2022

This chapter explores the role of street committees in retrenching and grounding community participatory governance at Cato Crest. The chapter is purposed to revitalise street committees as street/area democratically elected and managed structures aimed at restoring inclusive local democracy, peace, and order, especially in the prevalence of domestic violence, crime, community disunity and divisions, disobedient youth, and other anti-social behaviours. The author argues that the current configuration of street committees as partisan structures compromises their fundamental purpose of uniting people regardless of race, culture, gender, and socio-economic class. The chapter found that without clear developmental roles, street committees are often highjacked to serve a party political agenda. The chapter is qualitative in nature when data were collected through observation and face-to-face interviews with street committees at Cato Crest. The empirical data was also enriched by secondary sources in the form of journal papers, books, and government reports.
Risk of Business Bankruptcy
Authors: Horváthová Jarmila , Mokrišová Martina
Published: January 2022

Recently, the demand of business owners to ensure the sustainability of their businesses has come to the fore. It results in a focus on identifying the risks of businesses' financial failure. Several prediction models can be applied in a given area. Which of these models is most suitable for Slovak companies? The aim of this chapter was to point out the possibility of applying the DEA method in measuring the financial health of companies and predicting the risk of their possible bankruptcy. The research was carried out on a sample of companies operating in the field of heat supply. The indicators were selected using related empirical studies, a univariate Logit model, and a correlation matrix. In this chapter, two main models were applied: the DEA model and the Logit model. The main conclusion of the paper is that the DEA method is a suitable alternative in assessing businesses' financial health.
Stock Market Volatility
Authors: Ahmed Ezaz , Hasan Md. Mahadi , Shaikh Zakir Hossen , Irfan Mohammad
Published: January 2022

Researchers examine stock volatility in emerging (E7) nations prior to and during COVID-19 announcements using multiple volatility estimations. The correlation coefficient matrix indicates that there is a strong positive correlation between the specified volatility estimators in the pre-COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 periods. Rogers-Satchell standard deviation has the first rank, and Garman-Klass has the last position in the pre-post-COVID-19 analysis volatility estimators. However, the authors discover a considerable influence of pre-post COVID-19 on the world's E7 countries. The findings' primary implication is that post-COVID-19 volatility is greater than pre-COVID-19 volatility. This means that investors' financial portfolios should be rebalanced to favor industries that are less impacted by COVID-19. Additionally, it serves as an early warning signal for investors and the government to take preventative measures in the event that it occurs again in the future.
Insider Transactions and Performance
Authors: Neves Maria Elisabete , Maurício Germano , Rodrigues Lucas
Published: January 2022

This study investigates the relevance of stock buy/sell transactions by insiders in Portuguese companies' performance. To achieve this aim, the sample covers the period from 2013 to 2017. The data from buy/sell transactions by insiders were collected in the internal transaction reports delivered by the companies to the Portuguese Securities Market Commission for the same time interval. The results, using panel data methodology, suggest a negative relationship between the long/short positions and the companies' performance, although the volume traded is not significant. Therefore, the increased control of Portuguese companies by their managers signals the existence of conflicts of interest of the managers, whether due to financial reasons or to strengthen their continuity in the position. As far as the authors are aware, this is the first time that a study has been carried out using insider transactions for Portuguese companies and their influence on corporate performance.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Digital Feminism Research
Authors: Taslak Soner , Ersoy Nazli
Published: January 2022

Feminism is the body of social movements for the protection of women's rights. With the transfer of feminist activities to the online environment, the concept of digital feminism emerged, and women's rights started to be defended online. The aim of this study is to analyze the articles dealing with the subject of “digital feminism” in the Web of Science and Scopus databases taking various parameters into account. For this purpose, the bibliometric method was utilized, and 53 articles which addressed digital feminism between the years 1975-2021 were examined. This study is the first to discuss digital feminism using bibliometric analysis. In this respect, it is thought that the study will contribute to the literature and will be a reference for researchers.
A Research on Digital Violence in Social Media
Authors: Kara Ergün , Kirpik Gülşen , Kaya Attila
Published: January 2022

The internet, which started to enter our lives with the last quarter of the 20th century, is being used more and more widely every day due to the facilitating effect of technological innovations on human life. Especially in the last 20 years, people have moved their social lives to the internet due to the fast and practical access to information, the diversity of opportunities it offers, the freedom to meet people from different parts of the world, and similar conveniences. In this new process, which is called the information society, there are many areas from social life to economy, from politics to health. However, this structure, which facilitates human life, has also brought with it negativities that can cause serious problems in interpersonal relations. All these negativities, which have a legal dimension, are described as the concept of “digital violence.”
A New Framework for Politics, Law, and Government in the Digital Era
Authors: Sinha Keshav , Kumari Roma , Chandan Rakesh Kumar , Paul Partha , Khatoon Naghma , Kundu Runmi
Published: January 2022

In the 21st century, the digital world has taken over law and politics. Political war is on online platforms, and various decisions are made based on the digital data. Another problem is to provide security of online data. Most of the world is unsatisfied with the government and policymakers. A lack of satisfaction among the people leads towards civil war or it can cause the fall of an entire selected government, or it can collapse the law systems of the world. To cope with this problem, the authors propose the judge-based political system (JBPS). The new political system can deal with the advancement of technology and cybersecurity. Judge-based politics will help to control this type of threat and provide satisfaction in the upcoming era of democracy.
Minimal Mahler measures for generators of some fields
Authors: Dubickas Artūras
Published: January 2022

We prove that for each odd integer

d \geq 3

there are infinitely many number fields

K

of degree

d

such that each generator

\alpha

of

K

has Mahler measure greater than or equal to

d^{-d}|\Delta_K|^{\frac{d+1}{d(2d-2)}}

, where

\Delta_K

is the discriminant of the field

K

. This, combined with an earlier result of Vaaler and Widmer for composite

d

, answers negatively a question of Ruppert raised in 1998 about ‘small’ algebraic generators for every

d \geq 3

. We also show that for each

d \geq 2

and any

\varepsilon>0

, there exist infinitely many number fields

K

of degree

d

such that every algebraic integer generator

\alpha

of

K

has Mahler measure greater than

(1-\varepsilon)|\Delta_K|^{{1}/{d}}

. On the other hand, every such field

K

contains an algebraic integer generator

\alpha

with Mahler measure smaller that

|\Delta_K|^{{1}/{d}}

. This generalizes the corresponding bounds recently established by Eldredge and Petersen for

d=3

.
Evidence of the importance of contact tracing in fighting COVID-19
Authors: Kwon Okyu
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVES: We analyzed data to determine whether there are distinguishing characteristics depending on the success or failure of control for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by country in the trend of the daily number of confirmed cases and the number of tests.METHODS: We obtained the number of confirmed cases and tests per day for almost every country in the world from Our World in Data. The Pearson correlation between the two time series was calculated according to the time delay to analyze the relationship between the number of tests and the number of cases with a lag.RESULTS: For each country, we obtained the time lag that makes the maximum correlation between the number of confirmed cases and the number of tests for COVID-19. It can be seen that countries whose time lag making maximum correlation lies in a special section between about 15 days and 20 days are generally been successful in controlling COVID-19. That section looks like a trench on the battlefield.CONCLUSIONS: We have seen the possibility that the success in mitigating COVID-19 can be expressed as a simple indicator of the time lag of the correlation between confirmed cases and tests. This time lag indicator is presumably reflected by efforts to actively trace the infected persons.
Impact of water fluoridation on dental caries decline across racial and income subgroups of Brazilian adolescents
Authors: Bomfim Rafael Aiello , Frazão Paulo
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of community water fluoridation (CWF) on differences in dental caries decline across racial and socioeconomic subgroups of Brazilian adolescents.METHODS: Two nationwide Brazilian population-based oral health surveys were used (Brazilian Oral Health Survey 2003 and 2010). In total, 7,198 adolescents from 15 years to 19 years old living in 50 cities investigated in both surveys were included. The mean numbers of untreated decayed teeth (DT) according to racial (Whites vs. Browns/Blacks) and socioeconomic subgroups (at or above the minimum wage per capita vs. under) were analysed. Difference-in-differences negative binomial regressions were adjusted by schooling, age, and sex. Decayed, missing, and filled teeth and DT prevalence, calculated as a categorical variable, were used in sensitivity analyses.RESULTS: The adjusted difference of reduction in DT was similar across socioeconomic subgroups (β=-0.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.45 to 0.35) and favoured, but not to a significant degree, Whites (β=-0.34; 95% CI, -0.74 to 0.04) compared to Brown/Blacks in fluoridated areas. In non-fluoridated areas, significant differences were observed in the mean number of DT, favouring the higher socioeconomic subgroup (β=-0.26; 95% CI, -0.53 to -0.01) and Whites (β=-0.40; 95% CI, -0.69 to -0.11) in relation to their counterparts. The sensitivity analyses confirmed the findings.CONCLUSIONS: The similar reduction in DT across income subgroups suggests that CWF has had a beneficial effect on tackling income inequalities in dental caries within a 7-year timeframe.
Trends in gastrointestinal infections before and during non-pharmaceutical interventions in Korea in comparison with the United States
Authors: Kim Soyeoun , Kim Jinhyun , Choi Bo Youl , Park Boyoung
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVES: This study examined how trends in the weekly frequencies of gastrointestinal infectious diseases changed before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Korea, and compared them with the trends in the United States.METHODS: We compared the weekly frequencies of gastrointestinal infectious diseases (16 bacterial and 6 viral diseases) in Korea during weeks 5-52 before and after COVID-19. In addition, the weekly frequencies of 5 gastrointestinal infectious diseases in the United States (data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) that overlapped with those in Korea were compared.RESULTS: The mean weekly number of total cases of gastrointestinal infectious diseases in Korea showed a significant decrease (from 522 before COVID-19 to 245 after COVID-19, p<0.01). Only bacterial gastrointestinal infectious diseases caused by Campylobacter increased significantly; other bacterial gastrointestinal infectious diseases showed either a decrease or no change. The incidence of all other viral diseases decreased. In the United States, the weekly numbers of Salmonella, Campylobacter, typhoid, shigellosis, and hepatitis A virus cases sharply decreased after the COVID-19 outbreak. The weekly case numbers of all viral diseases markedly decreased in both countries; however, bacterial gastrointestinal infectious diseases showed a different pattern.CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of gastrointestinal infectious diseases decreased after the COVID-19 outbreak. In contrast, Campylobacter infections showed an increasing trend in Korea, but a decreasing trend in the United States. Further studies are needed to elucidate the different trends in bacterial and viral infectious diseases before and after non-pharmaceutical interventions and between different countries.
Aplicación del Proceso Analítico Jerárquico en la comunicación digital de los organismos públicos durante la pandemia de la COVID-19
Authors: Matarín Rodríguez-Peral Eva , Gómez Franco Tomás , García Manso Almudena
Published: January 2022

Introducción: esta investigación analiza la comunicación digital llevada a cabo por 21organismos públicos del ámbito sanitario en la plataforma Twitter en el periodo de la pandemia de la COVID-19. Se centra en examinar los criterios de éxito de las estrategias de comunicación en esta red social digital y en conocer su peso ponderado en el modelo propuesto. Metodología: el registro de los datos se ha elaborado a través de la aplicación de acceso libre Twitonomy que analiza los últimos 3.200 Tweets de cada perfil. El análisis de la información se realiza aplicando el Proceso de Análisis Jerárquico (AHP) como método para la toma de decisiones multicriterio. A través del software Expert Choice se estudian 17 criterios correspondientes a los clústeres actividad de la cuenta e impacto. Resultados: se determina la alternativa de comunicación en marketing digital más adecuada en el ámbito de la salud en redes sociales y el peso de los criterios que benefician esta comunicación en la plataforma Twitter. Discusión y Conclusiones: este estudio confirma que es conveniente que los responsables de la toma de decisiones en materia de comunicación digital tengan presente que el clúster impacto tiene un mayor peso en la red social Twitter que la actividad de la cuenta.
Biogas Production and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions Reduction due to Use of Biogas Digesters in Small Farms in Quang Tri Province, Vietnam
Authors: Hoang H.T. , Kato T.
Published: January 2022

This research aims to assess the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reductions due to the use of biogas technology in Quang Tri Province. With a total of over 354,000 cattle in Quang Tri Province, Vietnam, waste from livestock becomes large. The GHG emitted from the livestock industry is not small, affecting the environment. Currently, there is little concern or documentation about the reduction of GHG emissions in small farms using biogas digesters in central Vietnam. This province has applied technological solutions, typically biogas digesters, but the amount of biogas production is not calculated accurately. Our survey was conducted in Vinh Linh District and Cam Lo District in March 2019 and involved 50 farms equipped with biogas digesters and 20 farms without it. The respondents were selected based on the information provided by local authorities, satisfying two conditions: livestock households and biogas users. The former group was asked 25 questions and the latter was asked 10 questions needed to calculate GHG emissions such as the number of animals and petroleum gas/ firewood consumption. This study uses formulas described in the 2006 guideline issued by IPCC to estimate reduced GHG emissions. The results showed that the average biogas production is 5.52 m³.household-1.day-1. Only 2% of the farms made the best use of the biogas digester. The surveyed households have not really used the most optimal amount of biogas production. In this scenario, this study recommends some solutions for solving the problem. In addition, the average annual emissions before having a biogas digester are estimated to be 20.53 tons CO2e/household/year. After using the biogas, the GHG emissions are reduced to 4.52 tCO2e.household-1.day-1. Thus, the replacement of daily cooking energies with biogas helps reduce 16.01 tCO2e of greenhouse gas for each farm per year.
Assessment of the Potential Use of Shallow Geothermal Energy Source for Air Heating and Cooling in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Ouzzane M. , Naqash M. T. , Harireche O.
Published: January 2022

A large part of the total energy consumption in buildings in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (K.S.A.), is devoted to air cooling. This leads to high electricity costs for residents and a high amount of equivalent CO2 emissions. The work presented in this paper aims at evaluating and applying shallow geothermal energy for cooling and heating to reduce cost and environmental issues in the Kingdom. The system is based on the earth-air heat exchanger (EAHE) equipped with an air circulation fan. In this study, six cities have been selected; Madinah city, where our university is located, and five other cities representing five different climatic zones. A new parameter called “geothermal percentage” is proposed to calculate the ratio of geothermal energy to the cooling/heating total load. It has been shown that the proposed system covers part of the cooling load and the total heating needs for almost all the country’s territory. However, both heating and cooling needs can be fulfilled by the EAHE for few cities such as Guriiat and Khamis, characterized by a moderate climate.
Effect of Sludge Residence Time over Anaerobic Biodegradation of High Saline Biomass
Authors: Amen Tareq W. M. , Sun Meng , Terashima Mitsuharu , Yasui Hidenari
Published: January 2022

Halophytes are unique in that they can thrive in a wide range of soil conditions, from normal to extremely saline. This has recently prompted researchers to consider using halophytes as a phytoremediation end-product as a source for biogas generation. Therefore, applying the anaerobic digestion process for halophytes may have the potential advantage in terms of efficient land utilization, soil remediation, and biogas production. Based on this, the anaerobic digestion efficiency of high saline biomass was investigated in continuous laboratory-scale anaerobic reactors at two different sludge residence times (SRT) of 40 and 80 days. Under mesophilic atmosphere, two reactors were operated, one reactor used organic substrate with 30 g-Na+.L-1 originating from sodium chloride whereas the other was operated with the presence of sodium bicarbonate and sodium sulfate. The salt-tolerant microorganism was gradually developed and the salt concentrations were selected based on the elemental analyses results of 30 species of wild halophyte plants taken from the saline-affected area of the Aral Sea in Uzbekistan during the early phase of the operation. For 40 and 80 days of SRT, respectively, 65.56 percent and 60.42 percent of the feed COD were converted into methane gas by the chloride system. However, only about 60% of the feed COD was converted into methane for bicarbonate, and the remaining fraction of gas was assigned to sulfide as a final product of increased sulfate reduction bacteria activity. These findings showed that the salt-tolerant microorganism could be incubated and the anaerobic digestion process could be adapted for a high-saline substrate, implying that the biodegradability of phytoremediation end-products may be used for methane production.
Consideration and Application of Evaluation Indicators of Regional Circular and Ecological Sphere (CES) for the Utilization of Woody Biomass
Authors: Li Yajuan , Matsumoto Toru , Fujiyama Atsushi
Published: January 2022

The “Regional Circular and Ecological Sphere” takes advantage of the SDGs’ concept of integrated solutions to numerous concerns, complementing and supporting resources based on the region’s features while maximizing the utilization of local resources. This research makes a comprehensive evaluation of the three aspects of the environment, economy, and society. First, formulate the evaluation indicators of the regional circulation symbiosis zone. Then, choose the cutting conditions of trees according to geographical factors, use the thinning forecasting system and forest GIS data to evaluate the supply potential of thinned wood in the area, and calculate the heat and power generation of wood biomass. According to the above analysis and calculation, 12,000 tons of unused wood chips can be supplied per year for 36 years from 2016 to 2051. From the economic point of view, the purchase of wood chips of 146 million yen due to the local circulation of wood fuel is expected to save about 50 million yen in intermediate input. And it is estimated that if 12,000 tons of unused wood chips can be supplied in the city per year, and about 98.4 million yen can be saved annually. Finally, from a social perspective point of view, biomass power generation of unused thinned timber using materials worth about 146 million yen is expected to create about 20 jobs.
Coal Mining Energy Utilization and Environmental Impact Management Strategy Using the LCA Method
Authors: Tampubolon Frances Roi Seston , Yuwono Arief Sabdo , Tambunan Armansyah Halomoan , Achsani Noer Azam
Published: January 2022

Coal mining processing and the clearing of land require that materials which have been removed be carefully inspected before it is reused. In this study, the boundary of our model starts with excavation and ends with material recovery. Therefore, further processing of the material to be recovered (recycling, reprocessing) is excluded from the model. In this study, the topsoil layer was collected in three pits numbered one, two, and three, from January to December 2020. The use of the LCA method gives results after the inventory data is carried out, which results in global warming. The results showed material removal unit process generated a total CO2 value of 32.44 kg CO2- eq.tonne-1 of coal, and the coal mining unit process generated a total CO2 value of 255.99 kg CO2- eq.tonne-1 of coal, for the impact of global warming. When compared to the material removal process, the results of the coal mining unit process show the highest global warming impact. Coal processing gives a yield of 25.61 kg CO2- eq.tonne-1 of coal. So that the resulting impact as a whole is 314 kg CO2- eq.tonne-1 of coal. The total emissions resulting from B30 fuel (314 kg CO2- eq.tonne-1 of coal) are smaller than B20 fuel (320 kg CO2- eq.tonne-1 of coal), 6 kg CO2-eq.tonne-1 of coal. The coal mining process includes fuel used in coal extraction, coal hauling, coal stockpiling, blasting, water pumps, and water tracks.
GIS-Based Surface Runoff Modeling Using Empirical Technique For A River Basin In South India
Authors: Batvari B. Prabhu Dass , Nagamani K.
Published: January 2022

Precipitation is the primary source of fresh water in the world. Surface runoff will happen when the amount of rainfall is greater than the soil’s infiltration capacity. In most water resource applications, runoff is the most important hydrological variable. Aside from these rainfall characteristics, there are a number of catchment-specific elements that have a direct impact on runoff amount and volume. This research focuses on estimating surface runoff over the lower Vellar basin, a river basin in the southern part of India, by integrating Soil Conservation Service-Curve Number (SCS-CN) method with GIS. This technique is one of the most common methods used by hydrologists for estimating surface runoff. Curve Number (CN) is an index established by the Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) to denote the potential for stormwater runoff. The nature of the watershed is explored first by creating land use and land cover pattern followed by the preparation of slope, drainage, and location maps. The area taken for this study is the lower Vellar basin situated in the Cuddalore District of Tamil Nadu, India. The curve number is analyzed using the rainfall data of 15 years (2001-2015) and the runoff is being calculated. The watershed pattern of the study area is also explored being analyzed and executed. Preservation of the runoff water is also discussed.
La narration autothanatographique dans « Tropique de la violence » de Nathacha Appanah
Authors: Abou Soughaire Tarik
Published: January 2022

"Treating the theme of death in such and such a fiction undoubtedly represents an archaic, recurrent subject that has already been addressed in the literature. What about when the narration is entrusted to a dead character? It is by this narratological modality that Nathacha Appanah built her novel entitled ""Tropic of violence"". The importance of this work is reflected in the fact that the author highlights a new poetics of narratology: ""to make a dead man speak"". In this context, it is not the words of the deceased which are reported by a living character, but the deceased himself takes charge of the narration while recounting an action specific to him, or events concerning other subjects in fiction.
Our problematic aims to treat the Autothanatographic Narration in this novel distinguished by the alternation of the narrative voices and the diversity of the perspectives. Our essential objective is to implement a kind of applied narratology since we will try to approach what is called autothanatographic narration, to highlight its different criteria, to demonstrate to what extent it has effects on the other constituents of the diegesis, as well as on the voices telling."
Arqueologia e História na concepção moderna da cidade grega
Authors: Florenzano Maria Beatriz Borba
Published: January 2022

Neste breve texto procuramos expor algumas de nossas reflexões sobre a relação entre a Arqueologia e a História como disciplinas do passado; reflexões construídas ao longo de minha carreira na Universidade de São Paulo.
À procura da identidade nacional, o futebol é absorvido como política de estado (1930-1945)
Authors: Kupper Agnaldo
Published: January 2022

O futebol, enquanto prática, foi introduzido no Brasil por setores privilegiados da sociedade. Popularizou-se nas primeiras décadas do século XX. A partir da década de 1930, o Estado brasileiro, sob o comando de Getúlio Vargas,  conteve as mobilizações reivindicatórias promovidas pelos trabalhadores ao enquadrar tanto a classe operária quanto a burguesia industrial em seu  discurso “policlassista”. Para tanto, não desprezou o esporte que virou mania nacional. Muito ao contrário: utilizou-o como instrumento para a legitimação do regime estadonovista (1937-1945) na busca de alicerces nacionalistas.
Moedas votivas: um estudo das moedas do imperador Graciano (367-383 D.C.)
Authors: Pohlmann Janira Feliciano
Published: January 2022

Neste artigo, apresento uma análise sobre as moedas votivas do imperador Graciano. Observo que meus argumentos são elaborados, sobretudo, pelo ponto de vista da História, visto ser esta a minha formação. A partir da moeda 163998 do acervo do Museu Histórico Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, batida sob o governo de Graciano (367-383 d.C.), optei por analisar a tradição da cunhagem destas moedas que celebravam acontecimentos do Império romano. Desejava conhecer os elementos que compunham esta homenagem organizada suscintamente em pequenas peças metálicas. Ao numerário 163998, uni outros documentos monetários para compreender melhor o contexto estudado e alcançar o objetivo proposto de examinar uma importante tradição romana. Esclareço, ainda, que esta investigação foi levada a cabo através da metodologia dos estudos iconográficos, significativos para o entendimento de determinadas ideias disseminadas nas sociedades romanas. Por meio destes estudos, é perceptível que, além de serem elementos com valor de troca, as moedas na antiguidade romana eram instrumentos de poder que auxiliavam na manutenção do poder imperial.
Weak sections of society and teachings of almighty Allah
Authors: Jabeen Farzana , Sohail Farah Naz
Published: January 2022

In Islamic tradition the idea if Social welfare has been presented as one its principal value and the practice of social service as its various forms has been instructed and encouraged. A Muslim’s life remain incomplete if not attended by the service to humanity. Duties to parents neighbors, sick people, relatives, orphans, poor people have been defined in Islam. According to hadith, on the Day of judgment. Allah will be displeased with those who do not give food to them who ask. Allah will interrogates them and demand explanation from them. This act of Allah proves that in Islamic Society all weak groups have fundamental rights. In this articles presented Islamic teachings about such groups of Islamic Society.
The use of official status; Qur’an and Sunnah perspective
Authors: Haroon Zeenat
Published: January 2022

When the creator of this universe sent down the Adam’s family to earth with this command that “There should definitely come up to you the guidance from me, then whosoever follows my guidance, then no fear shall be on them, neither shall they grieve” According the better use of official status, the Qur’an says That “creator made you succeeding each other, and has raised some of you above others in degrees, that he may try you in what He has brought you”
Sharia Status of Child Labor
Authors: Ilyas Muhammad
Published: January 2022

Islam is a complete code of life. It provides us with dynamic rules and regulations to lead a perfect, prosperous ideal life. The social system of Islam is abided by certain rules and rights for each and every individual of an Islamic society. Children are the most delicate and sensitive members of any society and are to be dealt with empathy and love. The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) says “Those are not among us who don’t show mercy on younger and respect their elders”. But, unfortunately we as Pakistani Muslims don’t implement such injunctions. Child labor is one of the biggest socio-economic problems of under developed & some developing countries like Pakistan. Some vital initiatives are to be taken to eradicate this problem as it’s been dealt with many times but those efforts were not fruitful completely. The aim of this paper is to discuss child labor in terms of forceful work that kids are obliged to do which affect their basic education & health rights. I have discussed this issue from an Islamic perspective highlighting the different views of our respected Islamic scholar and followed it by a critical analysis of some of the views.
SUFISM AS A GLOBAL HIGHWAY TO PEACE
Authors: Manzoor Seema , Shah Nasreen Aslam , Manzoor Asma
Published: January 2022

Since the beginning of awareness, humans have looked for ways to search for their existence as an individual. Sufism is considered as the most accepted religious pathway to seek the realization of Allah in order to maintain the love, harmony and peace at all levels in the existing society. This research specifically aims to investigate the role of Muslim Sufis (Male and Female Sufis) regarding their role in maintaining world peace. Sufism has attempted to bring various groups of the world together so as to detail a practical expressway to peace is a significant target in these people to establish a sustainable highway for maintaining peace in existing society, which is going through an increasingly distraught times in order to maintain durable type of tranquil cooperation, humanity. It is an accepted fact that Sufism can nurture global peace, because it is an unbiased way to create a peaceful atmosphere based on tolerance, empathy and tranquility. Despite the western misconceptions Sufism is open for everyone irrespective of class, race, ethnicity, caste and creed. The essence of mysticism and the Sufi way of living is found in the love of Allah by believing in the oneness of Allah as the only supreme authority.
REDUCING LOCAL ANTHROPOGENIC ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE MAY REDUCE GLOBAL EMERGING DISEASES
Authors: Yazdandoost Mahmood Yekeh
Published: January 2022

Ecological values of landscapes, like; biodiversity, connectivity and resilience capacity provide, biological well-being and cultural and economic development, which all needed for human development and health. As a result of rapid development, unplanned urbanization went against human will and health being, producing novel emerging diseases. For identifying the relationship between anthropogenic environmental changes and emerging diseases, the present study has considered the impact of ecological disconnectivity on environmental health and global emerging diseases.
IMPACT OF INDUSTRIAL DYES ON ALGAL GROWTH
Authors: Pandian Meena Sakthivel , Ramji Vaidhyanathan , Rajaravi C , Kavitha K
Published: January 2022

The deterioration of water quality because of industrial dye discharges is becoming an emerging environmental problem throughout the world. Dyes are directly discharged into nearby water bodies which in turn affect the aquatic ecosystem and human health. Dyes were degraded by means of biological methods. This study involves the application of two algae (Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina) and oxidation pond in the decolourisation of dyes. The UV spectromax M3 spectrophotometer was used in reading absorbance values. Methylene blue (MB) (20 mg/l, 50 mg/l and 100mg/l), Eriochrome Black T (EBT) (20mg/l, 50mg/l and 100mg/l) and Melanoidin (100mg/l, 250mg/l and 500mg/l) at different concentrations were used for this study. Decolourisation was recorded in a 10-day experiment. In Spirulina, maximum dye removal was 92.37 percent (20mg/l) in methylene blue dye, 54.24 percent (20 mg/l) in EBT and 45.89percent (100mg/l) in melanoidin while in oxidation pond, the maximum dye removal was 91.84 percent (20mg/l) in methylene blue dye, 93.22percent (20mg/l) in EBT and 46.1 percent (100mg/l) in melanoidin and in Chlorella vulgaris, the maximum dye removal was 91.3 percent (20mg/l) in methylene blue dye, 79.25 percent (20mg/l) in EBT and 57 percent (100mg/l) in melanoidin. The dye removal was dependent on algal concentration and dye concentration. Gel puncture method was used to determine the toxicity of individual dyes on algae (Mixed sample, Scenedesmus and Lake Sample) at varying concentration of dyes.
SYNTHESIS OF ACTIVATED CARBON AND CMC BEADS FROM CORN HUSK FOR EFFLUENT TREATMENT
Authors: Sayed Usha , Korgaonkar Swati
Published: January 2022

Adsorption of dyes from the effluent is a well-known and feasible method been used in the industry. In the present work we are using corn husk agricultural waste as a sustainable raw material for synthesizing activated carbon using biopolymer carboxyl methyl cellulose for formation of beads. The beads formed are been used for removal of reactive ultra-orange RGB , acid telon yellow FG 01, basic coracryl red C2B. The surface area of beads is 39.87m2/g. The maximum adsorption of reactive orange RGB , acid telon yellow and basic coracryl red is 68.25mg/g, 72.54mg/g and 30.21mg/g for 50ml of dye solution. The stock solution 0.4g/l of dye solution was prepared for each dye respectively. The beads formed shows a variable pH from 2 to 12 which is favourable for textile effluent. This is a green approach to use the agricultural waste for waste water treatment.
FOOD ENVIRONMENT: CONCEPTUALIZATION AND IMPORTANCE IN PERSPECTIVE OF URBAN INDIA
Authors: Yadav Sandesh , Perwaiz Shams
Published: January 2022

Food environment of an individual is characterized by the ‘availability of food’ and ‘affordability of food’. The latter determines the type of food available that is nutritious or non-nutritious nature of food while former determines the access to food in terms of purchasing power of people. These two components of food environment collectively play a major role in determining the food and nutritional security of any region. Country like India is characterized by the disparity in income-levels, demography and development. Likewise, India is characterized by regions with varying degree of ‘food security’ and ‘nutritional security’. The present research article discusses the concept of ‘food environment’ in perspective of urban India. Further, the present research study investigates that how the above-mentioned concepts helpful in identifying the regions with food security and nutritional security or both. The study is based on secondary data collected from various governmental and non-governmental agencies.
A STUDY OF CORROSION INHIBITON EFFECT OF THIOSEMICARBAZIDE BASED SCHIFF BASE ON ALUMINIUM METAL IN ACIDIC MEDIUM
Authors: Kumar Sanjay , Kumawat Amarchand , Swami V K
Published: January 2022

Corrosion is the destruction of metal surface by the reaction with its environment (humidity, gases, acid, alkaline etc.). In this process metal convert in to the more stable form such as sulphide oxide etc. Corrosion of materials and structures is a hindrance to the development of society as it causes significant loss to the economy, leads to pollution, and leads to serious disasters, hence its prevention and control is of great benefit for the humanity. Addition of corrosion inhibitors is one of the practical and easy methods to protect metals and alloys against attack of corrosion in many industrial environments. In this chapter thiosemicarbazide based Schiff base 2-[(3,4-dihydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)methylidene]hydrazine-1-carbothioamide (DHNPMHC) was synthesized and characterized using elemental analysis, FT-IR and UV–Vis methods. The inhibition efficiency of Schiff base DHNPMHC against aluminium corrosion in 0.5 M HCl was examined using mass loss measurement and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results showed that DHNPMHC is an effective inhibitor for aluminium corrosion in 0.5 M HCl solution. The inhibition efficiency also increased with concentration of inhibitor increased. Maximum percentage inhibition efficiency 92.6 % (at 4-hour immersion time) is shown at highest concentration of inhibitor 5% (5X10-5M). Adsorption of the inhibitor on the aluminium surface followed Langmuir adsorption isotherm. SEM study of aluminium surface in presence of inhibitor and in absence of inhibitor also supports the inhibition of corrosion in acidic medium. All results show that the Schiff base of thiosemicarbazide (DHNPMHC) is excellent corrosion inhibitor for aluminium in 0.5 M HCl.
DIMENSIONS OF URBANIZATION AND POPULATION TRENDS IN NAGAUR CITY
Authors: Pathania Sandhya , . Ankit
Published: January 2022

This paper attempts to analyse the trends of urbanization based on three-decade census data during 1991, 2001, and 2011 in Nagaur city. Various dimensions of urbanization have been studied through charts and diagrams. For this purpose, the urban parameters such as the growth rate of the urban population, gender dynamics, literacy rate, density, work, and economic structure of the Nagaur city have been examined. Results show that in these last three decades the urban structure of Nagaur city has been changed due to rapid industrialization and rural to urban migration. Urbanization in Nagaur has been relatively slow compared to many developing megacities. As per data released by Govt. of India, Nagaur is an Urban Agglomeration coming under the category of Class I UAs/Towns. According to trends, Nagaur is at the acceleration stage of the process of urbanization. Rapid urbanization raises many issues that might have both positive and negative impacts on the environment. In this situation, monitoring urbanization is vital for planners, management, government, and non-government organizations for implementing policies to optimize the use of natural resources and accommodate development at the same time minimizing the impact on the environment.
Collective Access to Justice
Authors: Molavi Michael
Published: January 2022

At a time when the collective redress landscape is undergoing a period of transformative change, this important and timely research focuses on class actions in England and Wales. Aiming to promote access to justice, this pioneering work separates fact from fiction in an easily digestible way, offering progressive solutions for reform.