bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Intelligent Building Energy-saving Temperature Control System Based on FPGA
Authors: Gao Li , Zhang Runmei , Zhang Guangbin
Published: December 2019

The ideal energy-saving building should meet the environmental quality of living space in different seasons with the least energy consumption. The indoor temperature of the building is an important consideration. However, most temperature control systems have certain problems. In order to improve the stability and accuracy of the temperature control system, a system based on FPGA+Verilog HDL for intelligent adjustment of indoor temperature is designed. The purpose of the system design is to achieve the dual effect of comfortable and energy-saving living environment. The system uses an integrated temperature sensor DS18B20 as a temperature sensing element. FPGA as the master control center to process data. The system is programmed with the hardware description language Verilog HDL. The temperature control system uses a digital PID control algorithm. The simulation results verify the correctness of the design.
Application of Entropy Weight Method and Philo Model Coupling in Evaluation of Water Resources Carrying Capacity——Taking Hefei City as an example
Authors: Ding Kun , Zhang Yi , Xu Yang , Yang Chen
Published: December 2019

Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid development of economy and society, China's water resources are facing severe challenges. However, there is no recognized best method for the evaluation of water resources carrying capacity. The evaluation process is either subjective and random. Either the researcher relies too much on the inherent information of the sample and ignores the subjective initiative. The results of both evaluations are not objective and fair. The entropy weight method is used to determine the weight of sample index, and the water resources carrying capacity is comprehensively evaluated through the coupling of the Philo model. Taking Hefei City as an example, the evaluation results are scientific, reasonable and authentic, which can provide reference for the comprehensive evaluation of water resources carrying capacity of related cities.
Numerical investigation of low-velocity filtration combustion instability based on the initial preheating non-uniformity
Authors: Xia Yongfang , Fang Tingyong , Wang Haitao , Guo Erbao , Ma Jinwei
Published: December 2019

The effects of the initial preheating perturbation on the dynamical behaviors of FGC wave propagation instability for low-velocity FGC in packed bed are studied numerically. The behaviors of the flame front inclination, break, and shrinking instabilities are always observed in experiments. Based on the experimental phenomena, an initial thermal perturbation model is numerically proposed as to predict the deformation behaviors of the flame front instabilities. The typical flame shapes are obtained depending on filtration velocity, equivalence ratio, and initial preheating temperature difference. It is demonstrated that the development of flame front inclination instability is proportional to the magnitude of initial preheating perturbation. At a lower equivalence ratio, the initial thermal perturbation of 300 K leads to the evolution of flame front break. Increasing filtration velocity leads to the appearance of flame front break, due to the intensification of the hydrodynamic instability. In addition, a perculiar instability of flame front shifting is also confirmed with the initial thermal perturbation of 400 K, which results in a fuel leakage of incomplete combustion.
Rubber Material Properties of Several Rubber Tree Strains
Authors: Kaidian Wang , Quanhui Han , qingzhi Lu , Zhanxiong Chen , Jianhui Li , Xingcheng Yao
Published: December 2019

：The rubber from rubber tree strain reyan 8-79 (hainan), zhanshi 218-6 (guangdong), yunyan 73-46 and yunyan 75-11 (yunnan) were tested to determine the physical and chemical properties, processing properties of raw rubber and physical and mechanical properties of vulcanized rubber. The results showed that raw rubber from different tree strains had different physical and chemical properties, processing properties,andthe physical and mechanical properties of vulcanized rubber were different as well. Yunyan 75-11 had the highest mooney viscosity, Reyan 8-79 had the highest protein content, Zhanshi 218-6 had the best tensile and tearing strength, Yunyan 73-46 had small elastic modulus, large loss factor and good processing properties.
Study on the Management Mode of PPP Energy Engineering Project from the Perspective of Cooperative Theory
Authors: Yang Weihua , Fan Feige , Li Ling
Published: December 2019

PPP energy engineering project is related to the life of the people and the development of the country. According to the data disclosed by the Ministry of Finance, the investment scale is huge and the interest subjects involved are complex. How to coordinate many subjects to maximize the overall interests of the project is the main problem at present. In this paper, the collaborative theory can be introduced into PPP energy engineering project management to solve this problem, the present situation of PPP energy project management is discussed, and the dynamic collaborative sharing model is put forward on the basis of vertical life cycle management and horizontal community of destiny management.
Research on Damage Identification of Grid Structure Based on Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Wang Yu , Wang Menghong , Lu Huan
Published: December 2019

This paper proposes a genetic algorithm based damage identification method for grid structures. The genetic algorithm is used to process the modal information of the structure, and the damage identification of the truss structure is carried out. The stiffness reduction factor of the structural member is used as the optimization variable. The objective function is constructed according to the frequency and vibration mode, and the fitness function is established. The binary coding method is used to improve the crossover and mutation operators. In this paper, a grid structure model is used for numerical simulation analysis and verified by experiments. In the experimental stage, the grid structure is excited by hammering method, and the response data of each node and the modal information of the structure are obtained. Numerical simulation and experimental analysis show that the damage identification method based on genetic algorithm can effectively judge the location and extent of damage.
Strength Analysis and Structure Optimization of Gate Valve Body Based on Finite Element Software
Authors: He Xiaoke , Zhang Chenjun , Tian Ding
Published: December 2019

Stress concentration zone and maximumdeformation zone ofgate valve at 1.6MPaworking pressure were found out according to strength calculationand analysisby ANSYSsoftware, which proceedsthe processes of modeling, meshing, constraintsdefine, applyingloadsand solving. Design variables,state variablesand optimize targetswere defined by target optimization design function of ANSYS Workbenchin ordertoreveal the influence law of eachdesign variable onthe gate valve body equivalent stress,and the optimal valuesof design variablescould be obtained after calculation. The valve structure was improved and stress concentration was reduced from the perspective of safety and economy,whichcouldprovidea referencefor reliable valvedesign.The shape of the valve body was optimized by topology optimization design in order to achieve the rational use of materials.Researchresultsshow that the maximum stress lies on both sides of the valve rib plateand the stress is beyond thematerial allowable value, but the valve body has little deformation.After optimization the maximum equivalent stress of valve body is decreasedby23.91%and the valvebodyhasuniformstress distribution, the mass of the valve body is reduced by1.4%as well. Material utilization is improvedeffectively,which indicates that the optimizationdesignbased onANSYS Workbenchis highly efficient and reliable.
The Simulation and Research of Steel-Work Construction Based on Fuzor
Authors: Dong Chen , Shaopeng Ding , Ming Chen , Chenyue Shao
Published: December 2019

BIM can achieve analogue simulate the real information of buildings through digital information, aiming to find engineering problems in advance, correct errors timely and reduce waste. At present, BIM has been widely used in the design and construction stage of the construction industry. As a plug-in of AutodeskRevit, Fuzor software can find the problems in the design and construction more intuitive and real, and synchronize the changes. In this massage, the author will take the construction simulation application of 11#experimental building in Fuzor as an example to study the application of Fuzor in constructional engineering.
Energy-saving House based on the Healthy-Housing theory——in Sanjiangyuan, Qinghai
Authors: Binbin Zhao , Yang Chen , Yuhan Lei
Published: December 2019

In view of the real problems of sparse population and relative lying medical conditions in the Sanjiangyuan of Qinghai Province, China, on the basis of studying the passive energy-saving houses in the climate conditions of the area, the Healthy-Housing theory was used to optimize the indoor temperature, humidity, air quality, air circulation and so on. Effectively improving the health comfort of houses in the Sanjiangyuan can reduce the risk of disease-caused by indoor environment, promote residents' health and reduce public medical expenses. This study has provided some help for the construction research in the less developed areas of medical and health conditions.
Displacement analysis of surrounding rock deformation of Baochang tunnel in Yunnan
Authors: Zhang Lianghan , Li Xiaolong , Ma Xinyun , Guo Hongyan , Li Ke
Published: December 2019

According to the problem of deformation of surrounding rock when the double-wall method is adopted in the tunnel, the five tunnel monitoring points are set in the tunnel vault, arch waist and arch foot to simulate the tunnel excavation process. The surrounding rock is deformed, and the excavation of the middle guide hole makes the deformation of the surrounding rock reach 7.2mm. After the removal of the middle partition wall, the deformation reaches the maximum, which is 8.4mm. The horizontal displacement starts to increase rapidly, and the maximum is 5.3mm. According to the analysis results, the surrounding rock above the tunnel should be reinforced in time, and the deformation of the surrounding rock after the removal of the middle partition wall should be paid attention to ensure the construction safety and provide reference for future construction.
Application of numerical ultimate analysis in identifying the bearing capacity of foundation
Authors: Xiao-song Tang , Yong-fu Wang , Chu-jian Deng
Published: December 2019

Load test is the main method to identify the bearing capacity of foundation in practical engineering. However, some problems are existing in the experiment, such as the scale effect, high cost and long construction period. The newly numerical ultimate analysis can overcome the shortcomings of time-consuming, complicated operation, inaccuracy and so on, which is gradually becoming an effective calculation method in geo-technical engineering. The paper adopts increment loading method and ultimate strain method to simulated the load test numerically. The calculation examples in the paper show that the results of load test can be obtained through numerical ultimate analysis, where the ultimate strain method is better.
Environmental analysis of Nanjing Mosque courtyard layout based on CFD simulation technology
Authors: Alhasan Wael , Yuning Cheng
Published: December 2019

Courtyards are claimed to be extremely effective in improving the freshening and decreasing the humidity level, also showed a strong correlation between courtyard wall surface temperatures. The article aims to evaluate the thermal effects of a Mosque courtyard quantitatively and to suggest guidelines to design more sustainable built environments in the climate zone. In this part, Chinese Mosques in Nanjing city with different layouts and weather conditions were analyzed. The Mosque climate design discussed in this study is temperature and wind velocity. Briefly, the main essence is to clarify the differences between different Mosque layouts and to determine if the feature of courtyard orientation would make this Mosque style efficient.
Elastic buckling of thin plate with circular holes in bending
Authors: Yanli Guo , Xiaoqing Song , Xiao Li , Xingyou Yao , Zhifan Xia , Bin Xu , Jianyi Su
Published: December 2019

Stress redistribution will occur around the hole for the perforated plate under bending, and the buckling mode of bending plate is changed, which makes the design of bending plate more complicated. The finite element software ABAQUS is used to establish the perforated plate under bending model, analyze the degree of influence of the plate aspect ratio, width-thickness ratio, size and position of the holes, meanwhile, the distance between holes is also discussed. The results show that the thickness of the plate size and width-thickness ratio have little influence on the elastic buckling performance of thin plates with holes in bending. As the size of the holes increase, the influence is greater, and there is a certain regularity. The opening position is closer to the short side of the plate, the buckling coefficient of plate will be significantly decreased. The effect is greater with the increase of opening size, the distance between holes have a safe value, the position of the opening is more obvious for the buckling of the bending plate. Finally, based on the data from finite element analysis, the proposed formula of buckling stability coefficient k for the bending perforated plate is given.
A review: Fast Repair Technology of Cement concrete pavement
Authors: Zhiqin Zhao , Qingna Ma , Qian Xu , Feng Sun
Published: December 2019

Cement concrete pavement Road always damaged under the pressure of traffic, so fast repair technology of cement concrete pavement was an urgent need to be studied. The author introduced the new rapid repair technology of cement concrete pavement from the concrete materials, mixture design, and construction equipment.
Numerical Simulation Analysis of Rigid Permeable Plate Embedded in Abutment Back
Authors: Dong Li , Gong Yue , Zhang Yi
Published: December 2019

In order to solve the problem of bumping at bridge head of bridges in our country and reduce the void volume of bridge end transition slab, the method of embedding rigid permeable plates is proposed in this paper. Combined with different engineering situations and using geotechnical engineering stress and strain professional analysis software SIGMA/W to model, the performance and engineering applicability of rigid permeable plates are numerically simulated. The results show that the bearing capacity of rigid permeable plate meets the engineering load requirements and is in line with the engineering applicability; Embedding rigid permeable plate can effectively reduce the void volume of bridge end transition slab, especially when the compactness of abutment back is lower, the effect of rigid permeable plate on reducing the void volume of bridge end transition slab is more obvious. The proposed method of embedded rigid permeable plate provides valuable theoretical and scientific basis for solving the problem of bridge head jumping.
Development and Contrast of Bottom Frame Structure in China's Code for Seismic Design of Buildings
Authors: Deng Hongyu , Ying Peiyu
Published: December 2019

In order to strengthen the understanding and the development trend of seismic design of bottom frame structure, the similarities and differences of some seismic design provisions of bottom frame structure between "78 Code", "89 Code", "01 Code" and "10 Code" were compared. From the aspects of floor number and total height limit, spacing between seismic transverse walls and seismic effect in terms of methods of bottom floor and so on, the causes of development and changes were described. And the effects on practical projects were explained. On the whole, the code for masonry building with bottom frame-seismic wall is more and more strict, the requirements are more specific, and the design is more and more conservative. The masonry building with bottom frame-seismic wall will still exist for a long time under the current level of economic development in China, and reasonable seismic design and construction measures should be given full attention.
Analysis of Snow Cover in River Drainage basin Based on MODIS Data
Authors: Abudurexiti Xieraili , Maimaiti Meiliguli
Published: December 2019

In this paper, MODIS snow cover remote sensing data and Geographic Information System (GIS) technology were used to analyze extraction methods of the snow cover area information. And taking a river drainage basin as an example, this paper studied the variation characteristics of snow cover area in mountainous watershed from 2005 to 2007 in spring and summer to further provide a basis and reference for understanding the process of snowmelt in this drainage basin. The results show that the snow cover area of the river drainage basin has gradually decreased from March, and the smallest snow cover area in the drainage basin appeared in July. The snow cover area has gradually increased since August, and the annual snow melting period is from April to July.
A Study on Factors Affecting the Utilization of Park-and Ride Facilities in Cheras
Authors: Chee Loong Toon , Zhao Hoe Soe , Mahmud Bahri
Published: December 2019

Public transports are convenient nowadays due to high technology and proper planning and the usage of public transport has been increasing steadily over the years. Most of the public transport stations are now integrated with park-and-ride facilities which allow users of the public transport to park their vehicle. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting the utilization of park-and-ride facilities. Several factors have been identified to determine the underutilized of facilities such as safety concern and travel cost issues. Questionnaires have been distributed to collect data in order to analyze the pattern of consumer’s behavior on the usage of park-and-ride facilities. This study reveals that majority of the population prefers using private cars instead of transiting between park-and-ride facilities and public transportations mainly due to purpose of their trip and safety issues. An improvement or refurbishment on park-and-ride facilities would be required to increase the utilization of the facilities and to give users assurance that utilizing the facilities was the right choice to be made.
Design of Internet-based Enterprise Accident Information Platform
Authors: Cai Zhengyu , Yang Tan , Liu Bin , Zhou Yafeng , Li Yuefang , Wu Hao , Yang Rong , Zheng Xiaoxi , Wang Pan
Published: December 2019

Using Internet HAT information collection process to collect data, through Internet technologies suchas mobile law enforcement equipment and automatic identification software for major hazards to promote the formation of unified and standardized information security inspection, using the functions of synchronous interactive sharing and collaborative office between APP data and PC management data of mobile intelligent terminal, the accident information data is stored and managed in the Internet cloud, and an accident information sharing platform based on mobile intelligent terminal_government client_enterprise clien_related service agency client is built. It realizes the three-dimensional prevention and control network of fixed-point monitoring, mobile law enforcement, enterprise self-check and self-report production safety management, and provides strong technical suppor and service for Science and technology maintaining security.
Urban Public Safety Risk Assessment of 35 Cities in China Based on Context-Dependent DEA Approach And DEASort
Authors: Zeng Ying-ying
Published: December 2019

Urban public safety is the foundation of the urban development. Correct and reasonable assessment of urban public safety plays a vital role in the healthy development of cities. This paper establishes a context-dependent DEA model to divide 35 cities of China into three levels, and considers improved value of the low-level when different contexts are used as reference backgrounds. Then use the idea of DEASort proposed by Alessio Ishizaka to prioritize the high level in combination with the index weights in the Public Safety Blue Book: China Urban Public Safety Development Report (2016-2017). The research shows that there is a significant stepwise difference in urban public safety of China: the public security situation in the eastern cities is relatively optimistic; the levels in the northeastern cities are basically the same, and there is still room for improvement; the central cities are stratified, some cities are relatively good, and some cities have larger improve space; there are major hidden dangers in the public security problems in western cities.
Highly Cited Papers on Urban Public Security Research: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Zhengwei Wang , Hongmei Yang
Published: December 2019

Sudden natural disasters and public security incidents are emerging one after another. Scholars and governments are increasingly concerned about the issues of urban public security. This paper analyzes the high-cited literature on 261 urban security-related topics in Web of Science in the form of knowledge maps. We found that the United States and China have the strongest research on such issues as health, disease prevention and control, pollution, residential environment issues, agriculture and food issues etc. Among them issues related to new technologies are hotspots in urban security research.
Investigation on Certification and Evaluation Method of Harmful Substances Release from Furniture Products in China
Authors: Yuan Xiuxia , Yan Haochun , Liu Jia
Published: December 2019

Furniture products are the main sources of indoor air pollution due to the emission of formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). It is great significant to establish a scientific certification and evaluation system to promote furniture manufacturers to reduce the harmful substances release in furniture products and protect human health in China. This paper describes an investigation on release of formaldehyde, soluble heavy metals, benzene, toluene, xylene and other substances from 28 furniture products by dryer method and environmental chamber method. Studies on current development status of certification and evaluation of harmful substance release from furniture products in China were carried out. Case study of certification and evaluation method suitable for furniture production industry was made, and the existing problems and suggestions were provided for improvement of certification and evaluation method system based on the characteristics of furniture industry.
Investigation of air flow and pollutant dispersion in street canyon
Authors: Liu Hongjiao , Xiong Xiaopeng , Jin Mei , Shi Ling
Published: December 2019

With the rapid development of the city, more and more attention has been paid to the air quality of street canyon.We numerically investigate the air flow and pollutant dispersion in the street canyon with different window opening percentage, different wind speed and roof shapes. The results show that the window opening area leads to a significant improvement of removing pollutant out of street canyon, especially for pollutants distributed on upsides of leeward and windward walls.With increasing window opening percentage, the pollutant concentration K distributed on downsides of leeward and windward walls gradually decreases. With the growth in wind speed, the pollutant concentration K also drops. The slanted roof shape may be a better choice to improve the efficiency of pollutant removal.
Investigations of Surface Urban Heat Island Effect Based on Local Climate Zone Method: A Case of Xi'an
Authors: Mu Kaikai , Liu Yan , Zhang Moyan , Han Bing , Yang Liu
Published: December 2019

Urbanization seriously affects the urban climate and the quality of human settlement. Based on Landsat8 remote sensing and building vector data, local climate zone (LCZ) method is employed to study the influences of urban form on land surface temperature (LST) of Xi'an. The results confirmed that the LST of the built-up LCZ is higher than the land cover LCZ. In built-up LCZ, LST is increasing with the increasing of building density. In land cover LCZ, the LST of bare land is the highest. Surface urban heat island (SUHI) of 14 samples in LCZ also been calculated. Highest SUHI intensity is found in low-rise buildings with high density area. LST intensity of water body and forest are lower than others in land cover LCZ.
Effects of different ways of flower bud differentiation on bud germination and fruit quality of grape
Authors: Huang Yan , Hou Bin , Liang Dong , Lu Ronghai , Liu Lei , Wang Ting , Pan Shaokun , Lv Xiulan
Published: December 2019

In this study, 3 year-old ‘Xiahei’ grape was used as the test material. It aimed to promote the differentiation of grape flower buds with different concentrations of paclobutrazol and chlormequat chloride, and the effects of different ways of promoting the differentiation of flower buds on the germination of grape buds and fruit quality were studied. The results showed that different ways of flower bud differentiation could promote the germination of ‘Xiahei’ grape buds. In consideration of the fruiting habit, phenological period and fruit quality of different treatments, second fruits which were sprayed with 1000 times 15% paclobutrazolin had the best effect. On May 1, 2019 (One fruit sitting period) spraying grape new tip with 1000 times 15% paclobutrazol and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1% boric fertilizer and the same fungicides, spraying again after 7 days, reagent type and concentration were same as the first time, after 10 days of the second spraying 2.5% hydrogen cyanamide was used to break dormancy of winter bud. The way could effectively promote grape secondary fruit and improve the quality of the grapes.
Important roles of C5a and C5aR in tumor development and cancer treatment
Authors: Yuxuan Wang
Published: December 2019

The complement system is part of the body's innate defense immune system, which can identify and eliminate invasive pathogenic microorganisms to maintain normal life activities. Complement Component 5a (C5a) is an active anaphylatoxin produced after complement system activation, closely related to tumor formation. C5a is highly expressed in a variety of tumors, and combines with its Complement Component 5a Receptor (C5aR) to increase the proliferation and migration of tumor cells. This review will comprehensively elaborate the important role of C5a/C5aR in the process of tumor genesis and development from the three aspects of signal transduction pathways related to tumor, C5a/C5aR and tumor formation, and C5a/C5aR inhibitors and tumor therapy. Finally, the principle of complement inhibition is used to inhibit tumor metastasis, reduce the rate of tumor diffusion, and control the trend of tumor deterioration.
Distribution Trend of the Bottom Water at the Bay Mouth of Jiaozhou Bay
Authors: Yang Dongfang , Ren Haoyuan , Yang Dong , Li Haixia , Fang Jing
Published: December 2019

Based on the survey data of Jiaozhou Bay in May, June, July, August, September and October of 1980, the bottom water temperature and its horizontal distribution in Jiaozhou Bay were studied. The results showedthat the bottom water temperaturein Jiaozhou Bay rangedat a high level between 12.35℃to 25.72℃and a low level between 10.18℃to 24.58 ℃in May, June, July, August, September and October. From May to October, the bottom water temperature in Jiaozhou Bay was moderately high. In May, June, July and August, a high temperature zone formed around the waterinside the bay mouth, and the bottom water temperaturereached 12.35℃to 25.72℃.From May to August, the bottom water temperaturefirst increased in the watersinside the bay mouth, followed by the water at the bay mouth, withthe water outside the bay mouthas the end. In September and October, the temperature of the eastern coastal water outside Jiaozhou Bay ranged from 20.00℃to 24.43℃, and a high temperature zone formed around there. From September to October,the bottom water temperaturefirst decreased in the water inside the bay mouth, followed by the water at the bay mouth, with the water outside the bay mouthas the end. According to Yang Dongfang's definition of “Cryogenic Low Water Mass”, a cryogenic water mass formed in the bottom water at the bay mouthin September and extended widely among the water inside the bay mouth-at the bay mouth-in the southern part outside the bay mouthwith a temperature of 23.79℃to 23.91℃.
The precipitation chemistry and acidity over China during 2018
Authors: Jia Xiaofang , Tang Jie , Zhang Yong
Published: December 2019

This paper reports the acid rain observation data from 376 Acid Rain Monitoring stations and the precipitation chemistry data from 5 Global Atmosphere Watch stations of China Meteorological Administration(CMA) during 2018. The variation characteristics of acid rain in China and that of precipitation chemistry in Eastern China are discussed. The results show that the acid rain area in China is mainly distributed in the Southeast and South of China and dispersively in North and Southwest of China. Heavy acid rain area is only limited in Eastern part of Hunan province. The annual mean precipitation pH value of all stations in 2018 ranges from 3.73 to 8.07 and the national annual mean precipitation pH value is 5.94, which is higher than those of 2010-2017. The national annual mean precipitation conductivity is 47.7 μS·cm-1 with the higher conductivity in Northern China and lower in Southern China. Compared with 2010-2017, the acid rain pollution situation over China has been improving nationwide. The precipitation chemistry data shows that the concentration of sulfate is close to nitrate in precipitation and keeps decreasing in recent years.
Removal of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Wastewater by Modified Pyrite in a Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR)
Authors: Yang Hou-Yun , Xu Pei , Wang Hua-Yuan , Li Wei-Hua , Zhu Shu-Guang
Published: December 2019

The removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus is challenging in the conventional biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal processes. In this study, the modified pyrite was used as the fillings of se-quencing batch reactor (SBR) in order to improve the efficiencies of nitrogen and phosphorus removal from wastewater. The results showed that SBR with the modified pyrite could significantly improve the removal efficiencies of nitrogen and phosphorus when compared with that in SBR without fillings (control SBR). The average influent ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) and total phosphorus (TP) were 6.96±0.17 mg L-1 and 6.94±0.01 mg L-1, respectively. The average NH4+-N and TP removals of modified pyrite constructed SBR were 49.65±19.49% with 3.54±1.31 mg L-1 of average effluent NH4+-N and 76.20±6.55% with 1.84±0.46 mg L-1 of average effluent TP, respectively. While the average NH4+-N and TP removal efficiencies of con-trol SBR were only 34.76±11.28% and 56.28±0.11%. The mechanisms of the SBR with enhanced simulta-neous nitrogen and phosphorus removals might be anaerobic and aerobic oxidations of modified pyrite, and phosphorus retained in the SBR of modified pyrite was mostly in the form of Fe-bound-P.
Review of the application of metal-air battery principlein water treatment
Authors: Wei Wei , Xu Yiqi , Huang Jian , Zhu Jia
Published: December 2019

The reaction principle of metal air battery is expounded, and the application of this method in the field of water treatment as an emerging technology is introduced. The recent research results of domestic and foreign researchers using metal-air battery technology to treat pollutants in water (such as removing arsenic, reducing COD and collecting algae in water) are introduced, and the actual treatment effects of these methods are briefly described. The feasibility of applying metal-air battery technology to water treatment is analyzed. At the same time, the problems of water treatment using metal-air battery are pointed out. The broad application prospects of this technology are analyzed and prospected.
Design and Implementation of the Water Environment Monitoring and Management System Based on WebGIS for the Four-Lake Basin of Hubei Province
Authors: Luo Kai , Zhang Ting , Liu Yanwen
Published: December 2019

The river network in the Four-lake Basin of Hubei Province is staggered with a complicated water system and is seriously disturbed by human activities. Therefore, the real-time monitoring and management of its water environment is of great significance to the sustainable development of the basin. As the application of WebGIS becoming increasingly extensive, applying WebGIS to the monitoring and management of basin water environment can satisfy the demands of various users, such as governmental departments, general users, and researchers in the context of increasingly-prominent water environment problems in the basin. The WebGIS technology has utilized to realize the functions of displaying, spatially querying and analyzing water environment basic information such as hydrology, water quality, meteorology and natural reserves in the Four-lake Basin. Users can easily access and obtain relevant real-time dynamic information through the browser for spatial analysis, such as the assessment of water eutrophication and the diffusion analysis of wastewater pollutants.
Effects of acid-heat combined treatment on sludge dewatering performance at low temperature
Authors: Qian Jie , Tang Yuchao , Zhang Qianqian
Published: December 2019

The effects of different initial pH value, temperature and heating time on sludge dewatering performance were studied by treating sludge with acid-heat combination at low temperature and taking dewatering rate (amount of filtrate per unit time) and dewatering degree (moisture content of mud cake) as indexes to evaluate the sludge dewatering performance. And the mechanism of action was preliminarily discussed by analyzing the concentration of SCOD, protein and polysaccharide in sludge supernatant, Zeta potential and floc morphology of sludge. The results showed that the concentration of organic matter in sludge supernatant increased significantly when the sludge was treated by acid-heat combination, which indicated that the method promoted the fragmentation and dissolution of sludge flocs, and the internal bound water was released more, at the same time, the decrease of Zeta potential and the increase of temperature were beneficial to the flocculation of sludge, which effectively improved the degree and rate of sludge dewatering. The optimal conditioning conditions were determined as follows: pH 3, temperature 90°C and heating time 40 min. Under such condition, the sludge dewatering rate reached 21.30 ml/min and the moisture content of mud cake decreased to 63.20%.
Effects of exogenous indole-3-acetic acid on the growth and cadmium accumulation of lettuce under cadmium stress
Authors: Liang Le , Tang Wanjia , Peng Xuemei , Lu Jing , Liu Han , Tang Yi
Published: December 2019

Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) plays crucial roles in plant growth and stress tolerance. In present study, the effects of spraying different concentrations (0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 μmol/L) of IAA on the growth and cadmium (Cd) accumulation in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) were investigated. The lettuce exposed to Cd exhibited a substantial decline in growth, and the Cd content of them significantly increased. Spraying exogenous IAA resulted in alleviating the inhibitory of Cd toxicity to lettuce. The dry weight in shoots of lettuce increased by spraying with IAA compared with the Cd treatment alone, but the dry weight of roots had no significantly differences. Although exogenous IAA increased the root Cd content, it significantly reduced shoot Cd content, indicating its role in Cd transport. Therefore, spraying IAA effectively alleviated Cd toxicity and reduced Cd uptake in the edible parts of lettuce, and the 100 μmol/L IAA was the optimal dose.
Effects of the reciprocal grafting on the photosynthesis of two genotypes tomato offspring under selenium stress
Authors: Shan Shiyao , Luo Huizhong , Zhu Jinpeng , Li Zhiyu , Li Huanxiu
Published: December 2019

To study the effects of the reciprocal grafting on the photosynthesis of two genotypes tomato offspring under selenium stress, red ball cherry tomato cherry 5-5-1 and yellow ball cherry tomato yellow RTY-3-2 post-grafting generation (red scion, red rootstock, yellow scion and yellow rootstock) and seedlings (red CK and yellow CK) planted in 10 mg·kg-1 selenium soil, and the pot experiment was carried out to study the effects of the reciprocal grafting on the growth characteristics and the photosynthesis of tomato offspring under selenium stress. The results showed that grafting increased the fresh weight of the organs of the offspring, the ratio of root to shoot, and the functional activity of the roots of the plants, which was conducive to the growth of tomato offspring. Simultaneously, it could effectively improve the photosynthetic capacity of grafted offspring leaves at the seedling stage. The grafted offspring of rootstocks had the best effect on improving the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of tomato leaves, and decreased intercellular CO2 concentration. Among them, the best effect of yellow rootstock was to provide ideas and theoretical basis for the production of selenium-enriched tomatoes in the selenium-deficient areas in the future.
Effects of Biochar on Ca, Mg and B Uptake of Peach Seedlings
Authors: Sun Jing , Han Jiaxi , Huang Yingying , Jing Qianhe , Li Aihui , Lin Lijin
Published: December 2019

A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of different biochar types [addition of rape straw biochar (RB), addition of paddy straw biochar (PB), addition of wheat straw biochar (WB) and addition of corn straw biochar (MB)] on the absorption of Ca, Mg and B in peach seedlings. The result showed that compared to the control, all treatments added with biochar significantly decreased the Ca content in roots in peach seedlings. The Ca content in stems and leaves under the treatment of RB and PB in peach seedlings was higher than the control. The Mg content in roots and stems under the treatment of PB in peach seedlings was higher than the control. The Mg content in leaves in peach seedlings of all treatments added with biochar was lower than the control. The B content in roots, stems and leaves under the treatment of PB, WB and MB in peach seedlings was higher than the control and the B content under the treatment of PB was at a higher level. Therefore, the treatment of PB was beneficial to the absorption of trace elements in peach seedlings.
Effects of Biochar on Soluble Sugar Content in Peach Seedlings
Authors: Sun Jing , Li Zhiyu , Zhu Jinpeng , Wang Yuxi , Cui Tonghao , Lin Lijin
Published: December 2019

A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of different biochar types [addition of rape straw biochar (RB), addition of paddy straw biochar (PB), addition of wheat straw biochar (WB) and addition of corn straw biochar (MB)] on the soluble sugar content and plant height of peach seedlings. The result showed that the soluble sugar content in roots and leaves of peach seedlings treated with biochar was lower than the control. However, the soluble sugar content in stems was higher than control compared with the control. In the soluble sugar content in the aboveground part, there was no significant difference between the treatment of adding biochar and the control except for the treatment of PB. All the treatment of adding biochar increased the plant height of peach seedlings except the treatment of MB than the control and the treatment of RB and PB were at a higher level. Compared to control, all biochar addition treatments increased stem diameter of peach seedlings and the treatment of RB and PB were at a higher level. Therefore, the treatment of RB and PB was beneficial to the growth of peach seedlings.
Effects of Zinc Fertilizer on Photosynthetic Characteristics of 'Shine Muscat' Grape
Authors: Yao Lu , Zhu Jinpeng , Li Zhiyu , Wang Yuxi , Zhou Xiong , Wang Jin
Published: December 2019

Zinc is an essential nutrient for plant growth and development. Zinc deficiency affects plant photosynthesis and nitrogen metabolism. In this experiment, 'Shine Muscat' grape was used as experimental material. Three soil application levels of zinc sulfate were set up, which were 2 kg/667 m2, 3 kg/667 m2 and 4 kg/667 m2, respectively. The time of applying zinc fertilizer in soil was 10 days after flowering, and the time of spraying zinc fertilizer was divided into 21 days after flowering, 35 days after flowering, 21 days and 35 days after flowering, respectively, once (twice in total), with no zinc fertilizer as control (CK). The results showed that the application of zinc sulfate 3 kg/677 m2 on soil 10 days after flowering, 0.3% zinc sulfate fertilizer on leaves 21 days after flowering and 35 days after flowering increased zinc content in grape leaves and fruits, and significantly increased net photosynthetic rate of grape leaves.
Discussion on determination method of unslaked lime activity for dry flue gas desulfurization
Authors: taoying Wang , junfeng Xu , haihong Ji , chao Zhang , yao Zhang , yang Bo
Published: December 2019

When measuring the activity of unslaked lime by "DL/T 323-2010 method for determining the activity of unslaked lime for dry flue gas desulfurization", it was found that different results of unslaked lime activity were obtained by placing thermometers at different positions in thermally insulated container. The improvement measures of the shape of thermally insulated container, the position of thermometer, the position of stirrer and the sample injection equipment were put forward. The improved experimental equipment and method showed that the activity data of quicklime had a good reproducibility at ±1℃. The data detected by the improved experimental method can be of great significance to production.
Study on micro-damage model of clay under tension
Authors: Cui Meng , Yin Ting , Zheng Junjie , Fu Xiao
Published: December 2019

To improve the theoretical research on the tensile properties of soil, the damage model study was carried out in the present paper based on existing experimental results. In combination with the variation of the micro-structure of clay during the stretching process, the damage variable is defined by coupling the porosity with the pore distribution. According to the structure damage during the tensile process of clay under different initial conditions, the damage evolution equation is obtained and the damage model is established. At the same time, the applicability of the damage evolution equation and the damage model was verified by experimental data.
Brought more than twice: the complex introduction history of the red swamp crayfish into Europe
Authors: Oficialdegui Francisco J. , Sánchez Marta I. , Lejeusne Christophe , Pacini Nic , Clavero Miguel
Published: December 2019

One of the biggest challenges in understanding and managing biological invasions is the identification of the routes of introduction. This information is often incomplete because of unnoticed, unreported and, sometimes, illegal translocations. Reports on the introduction of the red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) into Europe describe that it was introduced for the first time to southern Spain (1973 and 1974) from Louisiana; from there, it rapidly spread throughout several European countries. While other importation events and pathways of introduction have been suggested in the literature, there is no evidence that these led to wild populations in Europe. Our present study suggests two additional introduction routes into Europe from non-European areas where the red swamp crayfish had previously been reported. By using mtDNA, we found a shared haplotype between the Lake Naivasha in Kenya and Western Europe, as well as another between either western United States or Asia, and Malta. These findings support historical reports found in the literature for the former case and also point towards pet trade as driver of new introductions for the latter, thus highlighting the complex introduction history of the red swamp crayfish populations in Europe.
Metal Ion Release after Hip and Knee Arthroplasty – Causes, Biological Effects and Diagnostics
Authors: Lützner Jörg , Günther Klaus-Peter , Postler Anne , Morlock Michael
Published: December 2019

All metal implants in human bodies corrode which results in metal ions release. This is not necessarily a problem and represents for most patients no hazard. However, if a critical metal ion concentration is exceeded, local or rarely systemic problems can occur. This article summarizes the mechanisms of metal ion release and its clinical consequences. Several situations can result in increased metal ion release: metal-on-metal hip arthroplasties with increased wear, increased micromotion at taper interfaces, direct metal-metal contact (polyethylene wear, impingement), erroneously used metal heads after ceramic head fracture. Possible problems are in most cases located close to the concerned joint. Furthermore, there are reports about toxic damage to several organs. Most of these reports refer to erroneously used metal heads in revisions after a broken ceramic head. There is currently no evidence of carcinogenic or teratogenic effects of implants but data is not
sufficient to exclude possible effects. Cobalt and chromium blood levels (favorably in whole blood) should be measured in patients with suspected elevated metal ions. According to current knowledge levels below 2 µg/l seem to be uncritical, levels between 2 and 7 µg/l are considered borderline with unknown biological consequences and levels above 7 µg/l indicate a local problem which should be further diagnosed. Metal ion levels always need to be interpreted together with clinical symptoms and imaging results.
Orthopädische Schuhtechnik
Authors: Greitemann Bernhard , Schievink Frank
Published: December 2019

Orthopedic footwear care is a means that orthopedists and traumatologists in the German-speaking regions have at their disposal due to the long-standing tradition in the crafts sector. The prescription for orthopedic care is based on the patient’s functional deficit: e. g. foot deformities, degenerative joint diseases of the foot, knee and hip, trauma, metabolic, neurological and rheumatic diseases, tumors, inflammatory transformation, skin and nail diseases, pressure calluses, static alteration and leg length differences. Orthopedic footwear supplies are an essential component of conservative and postoperative orthopedic and traumatic therapy. Orthopedic shoe modifications include orthopedic insoles, alterations on ready-to-wear shoes, foot orthoses or prosthetic foot orthoses, custom orthopedic footwear, standard orthopedic footwear (training shoes, semi-orthopedic shoes, protective footwear) and orthopedic specialty footwear.