bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ambroxol-induced leukocytoclastic vasculitis: A case report and literature review
Authors: Bhardwaj Ankit , Ghadlinge Manik
Published: February 2024

Cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV) that primarily affects the skin, can be idiopathic or linked to infections, autoimmune diseases, neoplasms, and medications. An immune complex-mediated vasculitis of the dermal capillaries and venules is the histological hallmark of LCV, a small vessel vasculitis. This case report describes a 36-year previously healthy man who was presented to the outpatient department (OPD) with complaints of edema and development of numerous reddish-purple patches (caused by petechiae) after intake of cough syrup containing ambroxol. Ambroxol affects human monocytic cells THP-1, and prevents the generation of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-AB that is produced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by inhibiting the expression of PDGF-A messenger Ribonucleic acid (RNA). An extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) on p44/42 is activated by LPS, and ambroxol reduces this activation. In addition, 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one (PD 98059), a Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Inhibitors (MEK), MEK-1-specific inhibitor, prevents p44/42 ERK activation and PDGF synthesis brought on by LPS. Megakaryocytes, erythrocytes, leukocytes, and their progenitors are stimulated to multiply by PDGF to the numerous endogenous growth factors that mesenchymal stem and stromal cells secrete. Ambroxol reduces the number of megakaryocytic progenitors and boosts apoptosis by inhibiting the production of PDGF and related signaling pathways. It is strongly advised that patients must be made more aware of the risks associated with using such over-the-counter medications.
Automated synthesis of fucoidan enables molecular investigations in marine glycobiology
Authors: Crawford Conor , Schultz-Johansen Mikkel , Luong Phuong , Vidal-Melgosa Silvia , Hehemann Jan-Hendrik , Seeberger Peter
Published: February 2024

Fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide found in algae, occupies a central yet enigmatic role in marine carbon sequestration and exhibits a wide array of bioactivities. However, the inherent molecular diversity and structural complexity of fucoidan hinders precise structure-function studies. To address this, we present a rapid and reproducible automated synthesis method for generating well-defined linear and branched α-fucan oligosaccharides. Our syntheses include oligosaccharides with up to 20 cis-glycosidic linkages, diverse branching patterns, and 11 sulfate monoesters. In this study, we showcase the utility of these glycans by (i) characterizing two endo-acting fucoidan glycoside hydrolases (GH107), (ii) serving as standards for NMR experiments to confirm suggested structures of algal fucoidans, and (iii) developing a fucoidan microarray. This microarray enabled precise screening of the molecular specificity of four monoclonal antibodies targeting fucoidan. Utilizing the antibody BAM2, identified here for its specificity to α-(1→3)-fucoidans featuring 4-O-sulfate esters, we provide evidence that such a fucoidan motif is present in a globally abundant marine diatom, Thalassiosira weissflogii. Automated glycan assembly provides a robust platform for accelerating research in marine glycobiology, offering access to fucoidan oligosaccharides with distinct structures, thereby facilitating advancements in our collective understanding of how fucoidan's structure influences its function.
Target-selective cytosolic delivery of cargo proteins using the VHH-presented OLE-ZIP capsules
Authors: Takahashi Kousuke , Inoue Yasumichi , Hida Shigeaki , Umezawa Naoki , Akiba Isamu , Umetsu Mitsuo , Mizuno Toshihisa
Published: February 2024

In the pursuit of a new generation of protein pharmaceuticals, the efficient delivery of these therapeutics into cells stands out as a crucial challenge. In this study, we have developed a novel approach utilizing protein capsules modified with VHH antibodies as cytosolic carriers for protein pharmaceuticals. For the protein capsule component, we opted for the OLE-ZIP protein capsules, which can be prepared from the amphiphilic two-helix bundled protein OLE-ZIP using the water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion method. The spacious interior of the OLE-ZIP capsules allows for the stable encapsulation of over 200 molecules of protein pharmaceuticals, such as RNase A and Cre recombinase, in one capsule. By presenting the VHH antibody with an affinity for cell-type-specific receptors such as the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) on the capsule surface, we achieved cell-type selective endocytic uptake in A431 cell lines (high expression level of EGFR) over NHDF and MCF-7 cells (normal expression level of EGFR). This selective uptake was followed by the subsequent release of the encapsulated protein pharmaceuticals into the cytosol of the target cells. Unlike our previous version of the OLE-ZIP protein capsules modified with IgG antibodies, cytosolic delivery of pharmaceutical proteins was little impacted by the presence of other IgGs, which are abundant in the bloodstream. This improved characteristic suggests potential advantages for practical applications, including intravenous administration.
The mechanism of amyloid fibril growth from Φ-value analysis
Authors: Larsen Jacob Aunstrup , Barclay Abigail , Vettore Nicola , Klausen Louise K. , Mangels Lena , Coden Alberto , Schmit Jeremy , Lindorff-Larsen Kresten , Buell Alexander K.
Published: February 2024

Amyloid fibrils are highly stable misfolded protein assemblies playing an important role in several neurodegenerative and systemic diseases. While structural information of the amyloid state is now abundant, mechanistic details about the misfolding process remain elusive. Here we present a Φ-value inspired approach and apply it to PI3K-SH3 amyloid fibrils to examine the rate-limiting step for fibril elongation. We use experimental Φvalues as constraints in biased MD-simulations to provide the first view of the transition state of a protein misfolding reaction. The resulting framework is generally applicaple and provides mechanistic insight into the misfolding reaction comparable to the breakthroughs previously achieved for protein folding. While protein folding proceeds on funnel-shaped landscapes, we find that the misfolding reaction energy landscape consists of a large ’golf course’ region, defined by a single energy barrier and transition state, accessing a sharply funneled region. Thus, misfolding occurs by numerous unsuccesful binding attempts and rare successful monomer-fibril end collisions which rapidly anneals to the final state. Taken together, these insights enable, the first quantitative and highly resolved description of a protein misfolding reaction.
Substantial Oxygen Loss and Chemical Expansion in Lithium-Rich Layered Oxides at Moderate Delithiation
Authors: Csernica Peter M. , McColl Kit , Busse Grace M. , Lim Kipil , Rivera Diego F. , Shapiro David A. , Islam M. Saiful , Chueh William C.
Published: February 2024

Delithiation of layered oxide electrodes triggers irreversible oxygen loss, one of the primary degradation modes in lithium-ion batteries. However, the delithiation-dependent mechanisms of oxygen loss remain poorly understood. Here, we investigate the oxygen nonstoichiometry in Li- and Mn-rich Li1.18-xNi0.21Mn0.53Co0.08O2-δ electrodes as a function of Li content by utilizing cycling protocols with long open-circuit voltage steps at varying states of charge. Surprisingly, we observe significant oxygen loss even at moderate delithiation, corresponding to 2.5, 4.0 and 7.6 mL O2 g-1 after resting at 135, 200, and 265 mAh g-1 (relative to the pristine material) for 100 h. Our observations suggest an intrinsic oxygen instability consistent with predictions of high equilibrium oxygen activity at intermediate potentials. From a mechanistic viewpoint, we show that cation disorder greatly lowers the oxygen vacancy formation energy by decreasing the coordination number of transition metals to certain oxygen ions. In addition, we observe a large chemical expansion coefficient with respect to oxygen nonstoichiometry, which is about three times greater than those of classical oxygen-deficient materials such as fluorite and perovskite oxides. Our work challenges the conventional wisdom that deep delithiation is a necessary condition for oxygen loss in layered oxide electrodes and highlights the importance of calendar aging for investigating oxygen stability.
One-step Catalyst-Transfer Macrocyclization: Expanding the Chemical Space of Azaparacyclophanes
Authors: Ayuso-Carrillo Josue , Fina Federica , Galleposo El Czar , Ferreira Ruben , Mondal Pradip Kumar , Ward Benjamin D. , Bonifazi Davide
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we report on a one-step catalyst-transfer macrocyclization (CTM) reaction, based on the Pd-catalyzed Buchwald-Hartwig cross-coupling reaction, selectively affording only cyclic structures. This route offers a versatile and efficient approach to synthesize aza[1n]paracyclophanes (APCs) featuring diverse functionalities and lumens. The method operates at mild reaction temperatures (40 °C) and short reaction times (~2 h), delivering excellent isolated yields (>75% macrocycles) and up to 30% of the 6-membered cyclophane, all under non-high-dilution concentrations (35-350 mM). Structural insights into APCs reveal variations in product distribution based on different endocyclic substituents, with steric properties of exocyclic substituents having minimal influence on the macrocyclization. Aryl-type endocyclic substituents predominantly yield 6-membered macrocycles, while polycyclic aromatic units such as fluorene and carbazole favor 4-membered species. Experimental and computational studies support a proposed mechanism of ring-walking catalyst-transfer that promotes the macrocycle formation. It has been found that the macrocyclization is driven by the formation of cyclic conformers during the oligomerization step favoring an intramolecular C–N bond formation that, depending on the cycle size, hinges on either pre-organization effect or kinetic increase of the reductive elimination step or a combination of the two. The CTM process exhibits a "living" behavior, facilitating sequential synthesis of other macrocycles by introducing relevant monomers, thus providing a practical synthetic platform for chemical libraries. Notably, CTM operates both under diluted and concentrated regimes, offering scalability potential, unlike typical macrocyclization reactions usually operating in the 0.1–1 mM range.
Assessment of COVID-19 Vaccination Experience Among the Vaccine Beneficiaries Visiting Tertiary Care Hospital- A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: T S Ranganath , Thangaraj Selvi , Shree G Sahana
Published: February 2024

Background COVID-19 pandemic is an ongoing pandemic disease caused by SARS-COV-2 virus. In India vaccination drive started on 10th January 2021 similarly in Karnataka in Victoria Hospital Bengaluru. Till date Covishield and Covaxin are the two vaccines administered in the hospital. Recently from 10th January 2022 precautionary dose has been introduced to the healthcare workers frontline workers and citizens gt60 years of age. Objective To assess the COVID-19 vaccination experience among the beneficiaries visiting Victoria Hospital Bengaluru.Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2021 to December 2021 among the beneficiaries visiting Victoria Hospital Bengaluru. The data was collected using a pre-tested semi-structured validated questionnaire. The data collected was entered in an Excel sheet and analyzed using SPSS 20.0.Results Out of 586 beneficiaries 399 had adverse events following immunization AEFI higher in males 55.88 when compared to females. Among the few AEFI injection site pain 92.49 individuals was more commonly reported followed by fever 28.66 of individuals. 21.5 of the beneficiaries had hypertension and diabetes as comorbidities.Conclusion Vaccination is the best and most effective way to prevent COVID-19 infection serious illnesses following COVID-19 infection and further hospitalizations. Any person even those with comorbidities can be vaccinated with precaution
Weight Changes and its Determinants among Sputum Positive Pulmonary TB Patients in Bengaluru – A Prospective Study
Authors: D Manasa , K Lalitha , Ram Ananth , N S Shivaraj
Published: February 2024

Background and Objectives Underweight indicating undernutrition has a bidirectional relationship with Tuberculosis TB and is an established prognostic risk factor. It contributes to an estimated 55 of annual TB incidence in India. Positive weight changes among Indian patients without additional nutritional support are in the range of 3ndash4 kg. Undernourished patients with TB get into a vicious cycle of worsening disease and undernutrition which is detrimental. With this background we intend to assess the weight changes and its determinants among newly diagnosed drug sensitive smear positive pulmonary TB patients and estimate the prevalence of undernutrition.Methodology A prospective study was conducted among 121 newly diagnosed drug sensitive smear positive pulmonary TB patients ge 18 years registered in selected tuberculosis units in Bangalore. A pretested questionnaire was administered weight and height were measured at recruitment. Patients were followed up for weight assessment at the end of two and six months. Repeated ANOVA measures were applied to see statistical differences in the weight changes between the start of treatment end of two months and six months.Results Mean weight at the start of the treatment end of two months and six months was 55.72plusmn8.9 56.7plusmn8.5 and 58.2plusmn8.2 kg respectively. The weight changes between the groups was found to be statistically significant p value lt0.001. Mean weight gain in the study subjects was 2.3plusmn1.4 kg. An average of 4 positive weight change was seen at the end of the treatment. Positive weight change was significantly associated with higher socio economic status absence of alcohol consumption absence of tobacco use absence of clubbing and pallor in TB patients while only absence of pallor OR-16.169.3-3.7 and tobacco use OR-12.6 43.9-3.5 in multivariate analysis showed a p value lt 0.05.Conclusion Monitoring the weight regularly in TB patients during the course of treatment with proper nutritional counselling is essential for treatment support and success of National TB Elimination Program NTEP as the nutritional status has a bidirectional relationship with TB acting as an important determinant factor for treatment success
Prevalence of Dermatological Conditions Among Children of Government Primary Schools of Belagundi and Ram Nagar Area of Belagavi Taluka
Authors: Chinchanikar Mansi , Balekundri Afshan
Published: February 2024

Background Children are prone to skin diseases. A school survey is a useful metric because it is simple to conduct takes little time and allows for the screening of a large number of children of a specific age group for the presence of diseases.Objective To access the frequency of dermatological conditions among children of rural as well as urban primary schools.Methodology A short survey was conducted among 64 children of Government rural primary school Belagundi Belagavi taluka and Government urban primary school Ram Nagar Belagavi taluka. The survey conducted for two days on 11322 and 23322 at each of the schools included. As dermatology is predominantly a visual speciality diagnosis of the skin lesions was done by a comprehensive clinical evaluation of both primary and secondary lesions based on Hutchisonrsquos clinical methods along with adequate history. Subjects were included and excluded based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria respectively.Result In the present short survey conducted it was observed that a higher number of children from Government rural primary school Belagundi Belagavi taluka 36.11 were suffering from Pityriasis alba while a prevalence of 35.71 was noted among Government urban primary school Ram Nagar Belagavi taluka children which is slightly borderline to rural school children. Other skin conditions such as dermatitis skin injury hyperpigmentation vitiligo tinea etc. were sporadically suffered by children from both the schools. Final results indicate the incidence of Pityriasis alba among all the children as 35.93 and the prevalence of primary hyperhidrosis as 23.43.Conclusion The burden of dermatological conditions in children of rural areas is high. Health education of children teachers and caregivers regarding signs and symptoms of skin conditions is warranted for early detection and timely intervention.
A Cross-sectional Survey Among Dental Practitioners of North Karnataka Assessing Gag Reflex in Patients Undergoing Treatment For Bruxism
Authors: Abhishek G , Jairao Deshpande Sumit , DR Nisarga , Patil Veenashree , Pardeshi Ankit
Published: February 2024

Background Bruxism can often lead to the gag reflex in individuals due to the constant clenching and grinding motion of the jaw and teeth. This can cause discomfort and irritation in the throat and can sometimes trigger an automatic response to gag. Furthermore if bruxism is caused by stress or anxiety it can also exacerbate the gag reflex as both physical and emotional tension and may contribute to an increased sensitivity. Treatment for bruxism may help alleviate the gag reflex by reducing excessive grinding and strain on the jaw muscles.Objective This cross-sectional study was done among dentists faculty members and postgraduate students to assess the gag reflex in patients receiving treatment for bruxism in North Karnataka.Methods A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among 574 dental practitioners in North Karnataka India who were given access to a self-administered online and offline questionnaire containing ten items.Results Behavioural modification technique was regarded as the most effective method for gagging prevention 83. There was no statistically significant association between gagging severity index among patients and their age causes and methods used to prevent it.Conclusion This study found that bruxism patients in North Karnataka population have a significantly weaker gag reflex than healthy controls. This suggests that bruxism may be associated with a risk of choking. Further studies are needed to confirm this association and to investigate the mechanisms underlying it.
USING MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS FOR NATURAL HABITATS ASSESSMENT
Authors:   Technical University of Cluj Napoca, 430122, Baia Mare, Romania, MARIAN Monica Liliana , NASUI Daniel ,   Technical University of Cluj Napoca, 430122, Baia Mare, Romania, GHISE Ciprian Radu ,   Indeco Soft, 430094, Baia Mare, Romania, POPOVICI Flavia ,   Indeco Soft, 430094, Baia Mare, Romania, SABO Cosmin ,   Technical University of Cluj Napoca, 430122, Baia Mare, Romania, MARE Rosca Oana ,   Technical University of Cluj Napoca, 430122, Baia Mare, Romania, MIHALESCU Lucia ,   Technical University of Cluj Napoca, 430122, Baia Mare, Romania, VASILESCU Bogdan ,   Technical University of Cluj Napoca, 430122, Baia Mare, Romania, VOSGAN Zorica ,   Technical University of Cluj Napoca, 430122, Baia Mare, Romania
Published: February 2024

The potential of AI to process and interpret large volumes of data can provide researchers with a powerful tool to understand and monitor biodiversity on a global scale. In this paper we aimed to identify dominant individual plant species in natural protected habitats. Mapping the dominant species from the targeted natural habitats was followed by testing machine learning algorithm for differentiating similar species using satellite images. In the end we validated the data generated by machine learning algorithms through extensive field observations. Using the Sentinel-2 mission 10m resolution data and comprehensive field mapping we managed to see different phenology variations between diverse types of plant communities. Using the NDVI and NDII vegetation indexes and Random Forest algorithm during the dominant species phenology stages for each consecutive 10-day periods between May 1st and September 10th, revealed distinct responses to climate fluctuations and environmental factors. The natural habitats different signatures are strongly influenced by their ecological and conservation status and are not yet suitable for identification, but could help improve AI’s automatic detection for multiannual analysis if a favorable conservation trend is reached. The main achievement of the proposed methodology is the ability to differentiate between different species of deciduous trees, with machine learning training accuracy generally exceeding 95% and classification accuracy surpassing 90%.
NATURALLY OCCURRING RADIONUCLIDES AND THEIR RADIOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT IN RIVER SEDIMENTS FROM THE DITRAU ALKALINE MASSIF
Authors:   Department of Geology, “Al. I. Cuza” University, 20A Carol I Blv., 700505, Iași, România, COȚAC Valentin Nicolae , IANCU Ovidiu Gabriel ,   Department of Geology, “Al. I. Cuza” University, 20A Carol I Blv., 700505, Iași, România, NECULA Nicușor ,   Tulnici Research Station, „Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iași, Iași, Romania,   Department of Geography, Faculty of Geography and Geology, „Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iași, Romania., SANDU Marius Cristian ,   Department of Geology, “Al. I. Cuza” University, 20A Carol I Blv., 700505, Iași, România, LOGHIN Aurelia Andreea ,   Department of Geology, “Al. I. Cuza” University, 20A Carol I Blv., 700505, Iași, România,   Interdisciplinary research laboratories in the geochemistry of rural areas, RA-07, Mădârjac Station for Geographic research and Environmental quality monitoring, Iasi, „Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iaşi, Iași, Romania., ION Adriana ,   Geological Institute of Romania, Radiometry Laboratory, Bucharest, Romania, LOGHIN Sergiu ,   Department of Geology, “Al. I. Cuza” University, 20A Carol I Blv., 700505, Iași, România
Published: February 2024

Naturally occurring 238U, 232Th and 40K radionuclides within river bed sediments of Jolotca and Ditrău rivers from Ditrău Alkaline Massif (DAM) and their environmental risk and spatial distribution have been analyzed. The DAM metamorphic formations have been the subject of multiple studies due to their structure and high variety of mineral species. This led to the execution of many mining operations. River bed sediment samples have been collected from two of the main drainage basins of DAM, Ditrău and Jolotca rivers. The samples were analyzed using gamma-ray spectrometry in order to determine the concentration of the naturally occurring radionuclides and the risk parameters such as RLI (Representative level index), AGDE (Annual gonadal dose equivalent), Hex (External hazard index), Hin (Internal hazard index) and DR (absorbed gamma dose rates in air). 238U, 232Th and 40K show values higher than the Upper Continental Crust (UCC) and other studies from around the world. DR, AGDE and RLI are higher than the global average and the safe limits. These values are a consequence of the geological context which determined the presence of heavy minerals and Th and U bearing minerals.
Booktubers e bibliotecas: uma proposta de atuação inovadora de mediação de leitura
Authors: Oliveira Heloá Cristina Camargo de , Sundström Admeire Santos , Santos Cassia Dias , Prado Maíra
Published: February 2024

Para acompanhar uma sociedade cada vez mais imersa em um mundo virtual, as bibliotecas se deparam com a necessidade de inovar buscando projetos que atraiam a comunidade para seus espaços. O objetivo deste trabalho é evidenciar um possível diálogo entre os conceitos de mediação e inovação, com auxílio do exemplo prático de trabalho com a comunidade Booktube. Para tanto, optou-se por um estudo descritivo exploratório, de natureza bibliográfica e documental. Como resultados, a experiência prática das bibliotecas apontam que o uso da linguagem informal pela comunidade Booktube e a interatividade da plataforma YouTube contribuem para ações de incentivo Ã  leitura; constatou-se que a formação leitora dos usuários é influenciada tanto pelo tipo de atividade Booktuber desenvolvida quanto por como sua mediação é conduzida; identificou-se a possibilidade de ampliação do repertório de livros conhecidos pelos usuários por meio do contato com uma diversidade de Booktubers com preferências literárias diferentes; bem como a possibilidade de ampliar as fronteiras ao conectar pessoas de diferentes localidades que compartilham o mesmo interesse literário. Todos esses elementos podem direcionar estratégias de ação em uma biblioteca que busque a atuação inovadora frente Ã s mídias atuais. Conclui-se que o propósito dessa comunidade nas bibliotecas pode e deve ir além da divulgação de resenhas e promoção de novos títulos, servindo como base na construção de estratégias de mediação que contribuam de modo prático para bibliotecas de diferentes segmentos.
Biblioteconomia no Uruguai: apontamentos a partir da Escuela de Bibliotecología y Ciencias Afines
Authors: Yañez-Gonzalez Mónica Elizabeth , Karpinski Cezar
Published: February 2024

O artigo discorre sobre a história da Biblioteconomia no Uruguai, com enfoque no desenvolvimento da área a partir da Escuela Universitaria de Bibliotecología y Ciencias Afines (EUBCA) da Universidad de la Republica Oriental del Uruguay (UDELAR). O objetivo geral é o de pesquisar sobre a história e a atuação do Curso de Biblioteconomia no Uruguai. Especificamente se objetiva: contextualizar brevemente o surgimento da Biblioteconomia na América Latina; descrever o processo histórico de constituição da Biblioteconomia no Uruguai; identificar os assuntos de pesquisa, por parte dos docentes e discentes do curso de Biblioteconomia da Universidad de la Republica até a primeira década do Século XXI. Metodologicamente, trata-se de um estudo exploratório, descritivo e bibliográfico, utilizando-se também de análise documental sobre o curso de Biblioteconomia da UDELAR. O principal resultado é a constituição de um percurso histórico da formação superior em Biblioteconomia no Uruguai, da concepção pedagógica e das principais temáticas desenvolvidas pelo corpo docente e discente até o ano de 2008.
Apropriação da informação, empoderamento e protagonismo social
Authors: Costa Daysene de Araujo , Farias Maria Giovanna Guedes
Published: February 2024

Apresenta resultados de pesquisa que tem como objetivo analisar a obra Quarto de Despejo: diário de uma favelada da escritora Carolina Maria de Jesus, a fim de identificar indícios de apropriação da informação, empoderamento e protagonismo social. Utiliza-se na metodologia a abordagem qualitativa e o método de pesquisa do tipo exploratório. Para coletar os dados optou-se pela técnica pesquisa documental. Visando avaliar fragmentos do diário de Carolina recorreu-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo da Bardin com o estabelecimento de categorias. A partir dos dados analisados, verificou-se que o empoderamento individual de Carolina pode ser encontrado em diversas passagens do diário, as quais levam Ã  reflexão de que o exemplo da escritora contribui para aprendizagem daqueles que buscam se espelhar em histórias que retratam a realidade social, e com elas podem obter ajuda na busca de soluções para o dia a dia. Neste caso, a escritora tinha habilidades informacionais que a levaram a se apropriar da informação e se empoderar na busca pelo protagonismo social. Conclui-se que a apropriação da informação possibilita compreender que o sujeito não precisa ser escolarizado para se empoderar das informações que o levem a atingir o protagonismo social na comunidade ou em um ambiente escolar, pois ele pode desenvolver novas formas de dialogar com as demandas que surgem na sociedade.
Los encuadernadores y su documentación de archivo en la Real Academia Española (1850-1866)
Authors: Carpallo Bautista Antonio , Trejo Ostos Soham
Published: February 2024

El presente trabajo trata de estudiar las encuadernaciones realizadas por diversos encuadernadores a la Real Academia Española. Se examina la documentación de archivo como albaranes, facturas, actas de juntas, además de los precios, tipología de los trabajos y número de ejemplares. A continuación se realiza la búsqueda de las encuadernaciones en la propia biblioteca, cerrando de esa forma el estudio completo de cada la encuadernación, analizando los materiales empleados, técnicas de construcción, decoración (estructura decorativa, técnicas de ornamentación y utensilios empleados) y el estado de conservación de cada ejemplar. De esta forma observaremos la relación contractual de cada encuadernador con la Academia, los periodos de vinculación, tipologías de trabajos, conociendo así mejorar la propia historia de la Academia, de los encuadernadores madrileños y de la encuadernación española.
BUKU DIGITAL PRAKTIK AKUNTANSI JASA (BUDIAJA) AS A LEARNING SUPPORT IN THE INTRODUCTION TO ACCOUNTING COURSE
Authors: Nuri Purwanto , Langgeng Prayitno Utomo , Rita Mutiarni
Published: February 2024

As one of the leading universities in Jombang, STIE PGRI Dewantara Jombang strives to provide the best possible service to all students with various abilities, including students who are slow learners. A learning aid technology was created that makes it easier for students to carry out lectures, one of which is the Introduction to Accounting course. This activity aims to create learning aids technology to make it easier for students to absorb the lesson with the BUDIAJA application. This activity lasted approximately five months, from the preparation stage to the final evaluation of the activity. This activity involved the writing team, a professional software developer, 20 volunteer students, and educational technology consultants. From the results of the activity, it is known that the response given by students after using BUDIAJA was very good and increased understanding. The follow-up plan for this activity is to develop the program so that it can be applied to other courses.
DIGITALISASI PENCATATAN TRANSAKSI KEUANGAN PADA PELAKU USAHA MIKRO DAN KECIL KOTA TANGERANG
Authors: Rona Tumiur Mauli Carolin Simorangkir
Published: February 2024

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are one of the businesses that can support economic activities. However, there are still many SMEs that handle their business traditionally and are not able to submit their business financial reports correctly. The aim of implementing this Community Service activity is to help UKM owners in Tangerang City to be able to monitor the condition of their business through financial reports easily and efficiently. This PKM activity involves the Department of Industry, Trade, Cooperatives and SMEs in the city of Tangerang. The fostered partners involved in this activity are micro business owners spread across 13 sub-districts in the city of Tangerang. Activities were carried out intensively online in October 2023. This PKM activity was successful and received a positive response from the fostered partners. It is hoped that this PKM activity will not stop there, but can continue with other training.
PENERAPAN DAN PENYAJIAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN SESUAI STANDAR AKUNTANSI KEUANGAN ENTITAS MIKRO, KECIL, DAN MENENGAH
Authors: Mardiani Novita , Sucipto Hadi
Published: February 2024

This study aims to determine the application and presentation of financial statements in accordance with micro, small and medium entity financial accounting standards at UD Tiga Putra. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. Sources of data in this study used primary data types obtained through interviews, documentation, and observation. From the results of the study it is known that: 1) UD Tiga Putra has not fully implemented correctly due to limited human resources, 2) UD Tiga Putra acknowledges the recognition and measurement of several accounts in the statement of financial position such as inventory accounts, payables, accounts receivable, and capital; 3) UD Tiga also recognizes the recognition and measurement of income accounts in the income statement that have not been realized in the form of financial statements according to SAK. From the results of this study, it is suggested to business owners to increase the capacity of their employees, especially those in charge of recording transactions to presenting financial reports. Some things that can be done include participating in training, especially regarding the presentation of financial reports or collaborating with universities to be willing to provide assistance at UD Tiga Putra.
FENOMENA KECURANGAN PEMESANAN PADA JASA TRANSPORTASI ONLINE DALAM PERSPEKTIF FRAUD TRIANGLE
Authors: Risal Risal , Jaurino Jaurino , Kristiawati Endang Kristiawati , Sartono Sartono , Wulandari Renny
Published: February 2024

Abstract

The background of this research is that online transportation service providers found fraud committed by online transportation drivers, using fake GPS applications, making fictitious orders, and giving the highest star rating. This study aims to analyze the effect of internal control, morality, and pressure on fraudulent ordering behavior in online transportation services. This study uses a quantitative approach. The sampling technique was purposive sampling with a total sample of 100 respondents. The data type is primary data using a questionnaire tested by multiple regression analysis. The study results show that the variables of internal control, morality, and pressure influence online transportation services' fraudulent ordering behavior in Pontianak.
Protein-fatty acid complexes as delivery agent for fat-soluble vitamin: a review
Authors: Alamsyah A.Z. , Maharai N. , Fulyani F. , Anjani G.
Published: February 2024

Fat-soluble vitamins such as A, D, E, and K have an essential role in maintaining health.
Deficiencies of vitamins A, D, E, and K are commonly known to cause night blindness,
osteomalacia, increased oxidative cell stress, and hemorrhage. Vitamins are chemically
reactive compounds that are fragile due to their sensitive and unstable nature. Aside from
being prone to degradation due to environmental factors, the vitamins encounter various
digestion factors that potentially affect their bioaccessibility and bioavailability when
ingested. During digestion, the low pH environment of gastric juice may affect the
bioavailability of vitamins. Decreasing vitamin bioavailability may lead to vitamin
deficiency. Many methods are used for maintenance and improving vitamin
bioavailability in the body. Using an encapsulation system can be helpful because it can
maintain the vitamin's properties in the digestion system to optimize their benefits/uses
and their bioavailability. The encapsulated substance is referred to as the core material,
active agent, internal phase, or payload phase. The substance encapsulates is a coating,
membrane, shell, carrier material, wall material, external phase, or matrix. It is important
to use the transport medium as food and to create a barrier between the active agent and its
environment. Proteins and fats are biomacromolecules that are good candidates for
vitamin encapsulation. This article reviewed the protein-fatty acid complex (liprotides)
potencies as a protecting and delivery agent for fat-soluble vitamins.
The effect of Ajwa dates extract (Phoenix dactylifera L.) on gut microbiota of
Sprague Dawley rats induced by a high-fat diet
Authors: Karim M. , Taslim N.A. , Bukhari A. , Hamid F. , Idris I. , Sanusi H.
Published: February 2024

Excessive intake of nutrients will lead to obesity associated with changes in the gut
microbiota composition and inflammatory-metabolic disorders. Ajwa dates have a high
fibre content to promote the growth of beneficial bacteria and inhibit pathogenic bacteria
that trigger metabolic diseases. This study aimed to determine the effect of Ajwa date
extract (ADE) on the gut microbiota of Sprague dawley rats induced by a high-fat diet
(HFD). The research design was a pre-post test with a control group design. A total of
fifteen male rats were divided into 3 groups, 5 rats in the control group were only given
standard feed (control group, CG), 5 rats were induced standard feed and HFD (treatment
group I, TG I), and 5 rats that were treated with standard feed, HFD, and the intervention
of ADE (treatment group II, TG II). HFD induction for 28 days and ADE for 7 days. The
microbiota in the faeces samples were extracted and determined by qPCR (quantitativePolymerase Chain Reaction) method. After the intervention of ADE showed that CG and
TG I did not experience a significant change in microbiota composition, while in TG II
there was a significant change in the genus Bifidobacterium (p<0.01), Bacteroides fragilis
(p<0.043), Clostridium (p<0.036), Lactobacillus (p<0.043), and Escherichia coli
(p<0.043). In conclusion, ADE was able to modulate the gut microbiota of Sprague
Dawley rats induced by a high-fat diet.
Determination of sodium benzoate in different brands of orange juices available
in Bangladesh by high-performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Shaha A. , Esrafil M. , Akter S. , Bari L. , Khan M.S.H. , Alam M.J. , Dina P.R. , Zubair M.A.
Published: February 2024

Sodium benzoates as a chemical preservative are common practice in modern food
technology. It is permitted by international laws in food as a food additive with a restricted
amount. But it is highly used in different food products like fruit juices. Therefore, an
experimental study was conducted to determine the concentration of sodium benzoate in
different brands of orange juices available in the market Tangail region, Bangladesh using
High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Chromatographic analysis was
performed by a column (250 × 4.6 mm) with an isocratic solvent system at 40°C. The
mobile phase consisted of sodium acetate and acetic acid buffer (pH was 4). The
correlation of coefficient was 0.9999 from the standards curves and the variety of external
standard absorptions was 0.93 to 20.05 µg/mL. Analysis of four brands of orange juice
samples showed that the concentration of sodium benzoate was within the FDA standard,
but two brand samples slightly exceeded the Bangladesh Standard and Testing Institute
(BSTI) standard. Brand 1 and Brand 4 samples contained sodium benzoate 14.61 and 9.59
mg/100 mL respectively which were within the level BSTI standard range whereas Brand
2 and Brand 3 samples contained 16.11 and 16.33 mg/100 mL respectively which
exceeded the level of BSTI standard.
ЛОГОПЕДИЧНИЙ МАСАЖ У СИСТЕМІ ЛОГОКОРЕКЦІЙНОЇ РОБОТИ З ПОДОЛАННЯ ПСЕВДОБУЛЬБАРНОЇ ДИЗАРТРІЇ У СТАРШИХ ДОШКІЛЬНИКІВ
Authors: Кучерак І. В. , Соха Н. В.
Published: February 2024

У статті розглядається проблема подолання псевдобульбарної дизартрії у старших дошкільників за допомогою здійснення системної логокорекційної роботи і, зокрема, логопедичного масажу. Зазначено, що впродовж останніх декількох десятиліть збільшується кількість дітей із мовленнєвими порушеннями, зокрема з псевдобульбарною дизартрією. Відповідно, постає потреба у пошуку дієвих шляхів оптимізації логокорекційної роботи та підвищення готовності вчителів-логопедів до надання комплексних логокорекційних послуг. У публікації актуалізовано на тому, що головна причина недоліків мовлення при псевдобульбарній дизартрії – це порушення іннервації м’язів органів артикуляційного апарату. Проте страждає не лише артикуляційна, а й дрібна та загальна моторика. Усе це є наслідком уражень ЦНС. Зазначено, що правильний підбір масажних комплексів сприяє нормалізації м’язового тонусу органів артикуляції, покращує їх моторику та сприяє корекції вимовного боку мовлення. Основна мета логокорекційної роботи з дітьми старшого дошкільного віку з псевдобульбарною дизартрією – це покращення розбірливості мовлення. Означене важливо не лише для становлення особистості дитини, її інтелектуального розвитку та соціалізації. Логопедичний масаж – активний метод механічного впливу на стан м’язів периферичного артикуляційного апарату, опосередковано поліпшує вимовний бік мовлення та здійснюється на всіх етапах логокорекційного впливу. Акцентовано на тому, що логопедичний масаж має певні протипоказання. Окрім захворювань шкіри, стоматиту, кон’юнктивіту та герпесу, слід виключити епісиндром, тому такий метод доцільно застосовувати лише після обстеження у невролога. Основними завданнями логопедичного масажу є загальний позитивний вплив на організм дитини та, зокрема, нормалізація тонусу м’язів артикуляційного апарату, включення у процес артикуляції нових груп м’язів, а також активізація роботи м’язів; стимуляція пропріоцептивних відчуттів; створення передумов для довільних, координованих рухів органів артикуляції; зменшення проявів гіперсалівації; зміцнення ковтального рефлексу; аферентація у мовленнєві зони кори головного мозку.
РІВНІ ВОЛОДІННЯ ІНОЗЕМНИМИ МОВАМИ ЗДОБУВАЧАМИ ОСВІТИ В КОНТЕКСТІ ЛІНГВООСВІТНІХ ПРОЦЕСІВ У ЄВРОПІ
Authors: Сніжко Н. В.
Published: February 2024

Статтю присвячено аналізу загальноєвропейських стандартів у професійно-орієнтованому викладанні/навчанні іноземних мов. На даному етапі розвитку українського суспільства є потреба у фахівцях, які володіють іноземними мовами у своїй професійній діяльності. Цим зумовлена необхідність формування іншомовної компетенції студентів, які навчаються на немовних спеціальностях, зокрема майбутніх інженерів. Зазначено, що наявність у фахівців відповідної іншомовної комунікативної компетентності передбачена у Національній рамці кваліфікацій України. У статті розглядаються європейські освітні стандарти у галузі іншомовного навчання в процесі їх розвитку. Зазначено, що сьогодні у Європі існують різноманітні підходи до виділення рівнів володіння іноземною мовою. Розглядаються модель порогових рівнів (threshold levels), модульна система професійно орієнтованого навчання іноземної мови (VOLL), Дублінська шкала професійних рівнів оволодіння іноземною мовою, Європейський мовний портфель (ELP), шкала рівнів, запропонована упорядниками загальноєвропейського документа «Загальноєвропейська компетенція володіння іноземною мовою» (CEFR). Сформульовано принципи, покладені в основу цих моделей, їхні цілі, принципи технології їх застосування. Наголошено, що під час створення шкали рівнів володіння іноземною мовою важливим є не лише опис самих рівнів, а й розроблення параметрів їх виділення. Наведено таблицю співвіднесеності різних систем оцінки рівнів володіння іноземною мовою. Підкреслено, що різні шкали мають відмінності в назвах і в дескрипторах, але їхньою загальною властивістю є опис рівнів компетенцій студентів у термінах умінь та можливостей. Зазначено, що жодна зі шкал не може бути універсальним вимірювачем іншомовної компетенції. Проте найпоширенішою шкалою оцінки рівнів володіння іноземною мовою є CEFR завдяки її придатності для всіх іноземних мов, націленості на практичне оволодіння мовою через покладений до її основи діяльнісний підхід у навчанні, відображенні інтересів різних професійних і вікових груп студентів. Зазначено, що в Україні потребує вирішення проблема стандартизації іншомовної освіти з урахуванням європейських шкал рівнів іншомовної компетенції.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ МУЛЬТИМЕДІЙНИХ РЕСУРСІВ У ПРОЦЕСІ ФОРМУВАННЯ ІНШОМОВНОЇ КОМУНІКАТИВНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ СТУДЕНТІВ
Authors: Деньга О. А. , Сидоренко Л. М.
Published: February 2024

У пропонованій статті презентовано та проаналізовано особливості застосування мультимедіа (зокрема мультфільмів) під час формування іншомовної комунікативної компетенції у процесі навчання української мови іноземних студентів. У практиці навчання української мови іноземців використання мультимедійних ресурсів є досить актуальним, оскільки уможливлює створення моделі, максимально наближеної до дійсності; сприяє глибокому ознайомленню іноземних студентів зі звичаями, суспільним життям українців; занурення їх в автентичне українське мовне оточення за допомогою аудіовізуальних засобів. Перегляд мультфільмів є невід’ємним компонентом вивчення іноземної мови, сприяє розвитку навичок аудіювання та збагаченню словникового запасу. Кожен урок іноземної мови – це досвід міжкультурного спілкування, адже кожне іншомовне слово відображає чужий світ і чужу ментальність. У процесі вивчення української мови як іноземної доцільно використовувати мультимедійні технології, особливо анімаційні фільми, які дають змогу зберегти емоційну та інтелектуальну цілісність, краще забезпечити формування іншомовної комунікативної компетенції студентів, сприяти їх навчанню, розвитку індивідуального мислення. Мультфільми доцільно використовувати на комбінованих заняттях для розширення знань, умінь і навичок та розвитку мовлення. Конкретний спосіб реалізації залежить від рівня підготовки групи та визначеної мети заняття. Спочатку метою перегляду мультфільмів є забезпечення сприятливих емоційних умов та зняття напруження. За умови володіння мовою на рівнях В1, В2 після перегляду мультфільмів доцільним буде проведення рольової гри за сюжетною ситуацією чи організація обговорення побаченого з висловленням власної думки. У пропонованій статті ми надали методичні рекомендації щодо використання аудіовізуальних засобів на різних етапах вивчення української мови. Використання мультимедійних засобів у вивченні української мови як іноземної суттєво підвищує зацікавленість студентів і впливає на краще засвоєння і запам’ятовування лексичного матеріалу.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ НОРВЕЗЬКОГО ПЕДАГОГІЧНОГО ДОСВІДУ РОБОТИ З ОБДАРОВАНИМИ ДІТЬМИ В ПОЧАТКОВІЙ ШКОЛІ
Authors: Андрющенко О. О. , Конєва А. В.
Published: February 2024

У статті здійснено дослідження норвезького педагогічного досвіду роботи з обдарованими дітьми молодшого шкільного віку. Усебічний теоретичний та практичний аналіз доводить актуальність та важливість теоретико-методологічних досліджень з урахуванням міжнародного педагогічного досвіду. Розглянуто сутність феномена обдарованості та сформовано авторське визначення цього поняття як поєднання індивідуальних здібностей дитини, її фізіологічних та соціальних задатків для розвитку інтелектуальних та креативних навичок вище середнього рівня, що дають змогу досягти вагомих успіхів у певному виді або декількох видах діяльності. Підкреслено, що першим та важливим кроком у становленні свідомої та дієвої молоді є початкова ланка загальної середньої освіти, яка у своїй діяльності має ґрунтуватися на технології партнерства між усіма учасниками освітнього процесу задля своєчасного виявлення талантів, багатогранного розвитку здібностей та можливостей кожної дитини, незважаючи на її індивідуальні освітні потреби. Визначено, що провідною ідеєю початкової освіти в Норвегії є піклування про індивідуальні інтереси, потреби кожного окремого учня/учениці. Представлено систему використання методів у навчанні дітей з особливими здібностями та визначено, що популярним є метод виклику, оскільки він підтримує мотивацію молодших школярів до навчання, а правильна адаптація до індивідуальних потреб здатна безперервно давати нові виклики в будь-який час навчання. Доведено, що зазначена методика викладання породжує у дітей жагу до подальших досліджень та бажання прагнути нових знань. Проведено аналіз сучасного стану розвитку початкової освіти в Норвегії. Визначено, що ця освіта ґрунтується на адаптивному підході та застосуванні таких освітніх стратегій, як сегрегація, збагачення та прискорення. На основі аналізу наукових досліджень виявлено, що диференціація є однією з провідних методик для успішного навчання учнів з особливими здібностями в Норвегії.
Maintenance, Repair, and Reinforcement Measures for Dilapidated Small and Medium-Sized Bridges
Authors: Meng Xu , Liu Bo , Li Ji , Tu Zhi
Published: February 2024

The paper initiates by exploring the importance of maintaining, repairing, and reinforcing bridges. Subsequently, it delves into routine and preventative maintenance measures tailored for small to medium-sized bridges. Additionally, the paper examines repair and reinforcement techniques specifically designed for deteriorated small and medium-sized bridges, encompassing methods for fortifying both the bridge foundation and upper and lower structures. Lastly, the paper proposes suggestions aimed at fostering discussions and exchanges on the development of maintenance and repair processes for deteriorated small and medium-sized bridges.