bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nomogram model including LATS2 expression was constructed to predict the prognosis of advanced gastric cancer after surgery
Authors: Sun Nan , Tan Bi-Bo , Li Yong
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Prognostic assessments are typically based on the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging system, which does not account for the molecular heterogeneity of this disease. LATS2 , a tumor suppressor gene involved in the Hippo signaling pathway, has been identified as a potential prognostic biomarker in gastric cancer.

AIM

To construct and validate a nomogram model that includes LATS2 expression to predict the survival prognosis of advanced gastric cancer patients following radical surgery, and compare its predictive performance with traditional TNM staging.

METHODS

A retrospective analysis of 245 advanced gastric cancer patients from the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University was conducted. The patients were divided into a training group (171 patients) and a validation group (74 patients) to develop and test our prognostic model. The performance of the model was determined using C-indices, receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration plots, and decision curves.

RESULTS

The model demonstrated a high predictive accuracy with C-indices of 0.829 in the training set and 0.862 in the validation set. Area under the curve values for three-year and five-year survival prediction were significantly robust, suggesting an excellent discrimination ability. Calibration plots confirmed the high concordance between the predictions and actual survival outcomes.

CONCLUSION

We developed a nomogram model incorporating LATS2 expression, which significantly outperformed conventional TNM staging in predicting the prognosis of advanced gastric cancer patients postsurgery. This model may serve as a valuable tool for individualized patient management, allowing for more accurate stratification and improved clinical outcomes. Further validation in larger patient cohorts will be necessary to establish its generalizability and clinical utility.
To explore the pathogenesis of anterior resection syndrome by magnetic resonance imaging rectal defecography
Authors: Meng Ling-Hou , Mo Xian-Wei , Yang Bing-Yu , Qin Hai-Quan , Song Qing-Zhou , He Xin-Xin , Li Qiang , Wang Zheng , Mo Chang-Lin , Yang Guo-Hai
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Over 90% of rectal cancer patients develop low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) after sphincter-preserving resection. The current globally recognized evaluation method has many drawbacks and its subjectivity is too strong, which hinders the research and treatment of LARS.

AIM

To evaluate the anorectal function after colorectal cancer surgery by quantifying the index of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) defecography, and pathogenesis of LARS.

METHODS

We evaluated 34 patients using the standard LARS score, and a new LARS evaluation index was established using the dynamic images of MRI defecography to verify the LARS score.

RESULTS

In the LARS score model, there were 10 (29.41%) mild and 24 (70.58%) severe cases of LARS. The comparison of defecation rate between the two groups was 29.36 ± 14.17% versus 46.83 ± 18.62% (P = 0.004); and MRI-rectal compliance (MRI-RC) score was 3.63 ± 1.96 versus 7.0 ± 3.21 (P = 0.001). Severe and mild LARS had significant differences using the two evaluation methods. There was a significant negative correlation between LARS and MRI-RC score (P < 0.001), and they had a negative correlation with defecation rate (P = 0.028).

CONCLUSION

MRI defecography and standard LARS score can both be used as an evaluation index to study the pathogenesis of LARS.
Comparative effectiveness of several adjuvant therapies after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma patients with microvascular invasion
Authors: Pei Yin-Xuan , Su Chen-Guang , Liao Zheng , Li Wei-Wei , Wang Zi-Xiang , Liu Jin-Long
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

For resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), radical hepatectomy is commonly used as a curative treatment. However, postoperative recurrence significantly diminishes the overall survival (OS) of HCC patients, especially with microvascular invasion (MVI) as an independent high-risk factor for recurrence. While some studies suggest that postoperative adjuvant therapy may decrease the risk of recurrence following liver resection in HCC patients, the specific role of adjuvant therapies in those with MVI remains unclear.

AIM

To conduct a network meta-analysis (NMA) to evaluate the efficacy of various adjuvant therapies and determine the optimal adjuvant regimen.

METHODS

A systematic literature search was conducted on PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science until April 6, 2023. Studies comparing different adjuvant therapies or comparing adjuvant therapy with hepatectomy alone were included. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals were used to combine data on recurrence free survival and OS in both pairwise meta-analyses and NMA.

RESULTS

Fourteen eligible trials (2268 patients) reporting five different therapies were included. In terms of reducing the risk of recurrence, radiotherapy (RT) [HR = 0.34 (0.23, 0.5); surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) = 97.7%] was found to be the most effective adjuvant therapy, followed by hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy [HR = 0.52 (0.35, 0.76); SUCRA = 65.1%]. Regarding OS improvement, RT [HR: 0.35 (0.2, 0.61); SUCRA = 93.1%] demonstrated the highest effectiveness, followed by sorafenib [HR = 0.48 (0.32, 0.69); SUCRA = 70.9%].

CONCLUSION

Adjuvant therapy following hepatectomy may reduce the risk of recurrence and provide a survival benefit for HCC patients with MVI. RT appears to be the most effective adjuvant regimen.
Poor oral health was associated with higher risk of gastric cancer: Evidence from 1431677 participants
Authors: Liu Fei , Tang Shi-Jun , Li Zi-Wei , Liu Xu-Rui , Lv Quan , Zhang Wei , Peng Dong
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

In recent years, the association between oral health and the risk of gastric cancer (GC) has gradually attracted increased interest. However, in terms of GC incidence, the association between oral health and GC incidence remains controversial. Periodontitis is reported to increase the risk of GC. However, some studies have shown that periodontitis has no effect on the risk of GC. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess whether there is a relationship between oral health and the risk of GC.

AIM

To assess whether there was a relationship between oral health and the risk of GC.

METHODS

Five databases were searched to find eligible studies from inception to April 10, 2023. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale score was used to assess the quality of included studies. The quality of cohort studies and case-control studies were evaluated separately in this study. Incidence of GC were described by odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Funnel plot was used to represent the publication bias of included studies. We performed the data analysis by StataSE 16.

RESULTS

A total of 1431677 patients from twelve included studies were enrolled for data analysis in this study. According to our analysis, we found that the poor oral health was associated with higher risk of GC (OR = 1.15, 95%CI: 1.02-1.29; I 2 = 59.47%, P = 0.00 < 0.01). Moreover, after subgroup analysis, the outcomes showed that whether tooth loss (OR = 1.12, 95%CI: 0.94-1.29; I 2 = 6.01%, P > 0.01), gingivitis (OR = 1.19, 95%CI: 0.71-1.67; I 2 = 0.00%, P > 0.01), dentures (OR = 1.27, 95%CI: 0.63-1.19; I 2 = 68.79%, P > 0.01), or tooth brushing (OR = 1.25, 95%CI: 0.78-1.71; I 2 = 88.87%, P > 0.01) had no influence on the risk of GC. However, patients with periodontitis (OR = 1.13, 95%CI: 1.04-1.23; I 2 = 0.00%, P < 0.01) had a higher risk of GC.

CONCLUSION

Patients with poor oral health, especially periodontitis, had a higher risk of GC. Patients should be concerned about their oral health. Improving oral health might reduce the risk of GC.
Postoperative encapsulated hemoperitoneum in a patient with gastric stromal tumor treated by exposed endoscopic full-thickness resection: A case report
Authors: Lu Hui-Fei , Li Jing-Jing , Zhu De-Bin , Mao Li-Qi , Xu Li-Fen , Yu Jing , Yao Lin-Hua
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Gastric stromal tumors, originating from mesenchymal tissues, are one of the most common tumors of the digestive tract. For stromal tumors originating from the muscularis propria, compared with conventional endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) can remove deep lesions and digestive tract wall tumors completely. However, this technique has major limitations such as perforation, postoperative bleeding, and post-polypectomy syndrome. Herein, we report a case of postoperative serous surface bleeding which formed an encapsulated hemoperitoneum in a patient with gastric stromal tumor that was treated with exposed EFTR. Feasible treatment options to address this complication are described.

CASE SUMMARY

A 47-year-old male patient had a hemispherical protrusion found during gastric endoscopic ultrasonography, located at the upper gastric curvature adjacent to the stomach fundus, with a smooth surface mucosa and poor mobility. The lesion was 19.3 mm × 16.1 mm in size and originated from the fourth ultrasound layer. Computed tomography (CT) revealed no significant evidence of lymph node enlargement or distant metastasis. Using conventional ESD technology for mucosal pre-resection, exposed EFTR was performed to resect the intact tumor in order to achieve a definitive histopathological diagnosis. Based on its morphology and immunohistochemical expression of CD117 and DOG-1, the lesion was proven to be consistent with a gastric stromal tumor. Six days after exposed EFTR, CT showed a large amount of encapsulated fluid and gas accumulation around the stomach. In addition, gastroscopy suggested intracavitary bleeding and abdominal puncture drainage indicated serosal bleeding. Based on these findings, the patient was diagnosed with serosal bleeding resulting in encapsulated abdominal hemorrhage after exposed EFTR for a gastric stromal tumor. The patient received combined treatments, such as hemostasis under gastroscopy, gastrointestinal decompression, and abdominal drainage. All examinations were normal within six months of follow-up.

CONCLUSION

This patient developed serous surface bleeding in the gastric cavity following exposed EFTR. Serosal bleeding resulting in an encapsulated hemoperitoneum is rare in clinical practice. The combined treatment may replace certain surgical techniques.
Early endoscopic management of an infected acute necrotic collection misdiagnosed as a pancreatic pseudocyst: A case report
Authors: Zhang Hong-Ying , He Chen-Cong
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Infected acute necrotic collection (ANC) is a fatal complication of acute pancreatitis with substantial morbidity and mortality. Drainage plays an exceedingly important role as the first step in invasive intervention for infected necrosis; however, there is great controversy about the optimal drainage time, and better treatment should be explored.

CASE SUMMARY

We report the case of a 43-year-old man who was admitted to the hospital with severe intake reduction due to early satiety 2 wk after treatment for acute pancreatitis; conservative treatment was ineffective, and a pancreatic pseudocyst was suspected on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) suggested hyperechoic necrotic tissue within the cyst cavity. The wall was not completely mature, and the culture of the puncture fluid was positive for A-haemolytic Streptococcus. Thus, the final diagnosis of ANC infection was made. The necrotic collection was not walled off and contained many solid components; therefore, the patient underwent EUS-guided aspiration and lavage. Two weeks after the collection was completely encapsulated, pancreatic duct stent drainage via endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was performed, and the patient was subsequently successfully discharged. On repeat CT, the pancreatic cysts had almost disappeared during the 6-month follow-up period after surgery.

CONCLUSION

Early EUS-guided aspiration and lavage combined with late ERCP catheter drainage may be effective methods for intervention in infected ANCs.
Ileal collision tumor associated with gastrointestinal bleeding: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Wu Yu-Qi , Wang Hong-Yan , Shao Mu-Min , Xu Lin , Jiang Xiao-Yan , Guo Shao-Ju
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Collision tumors involving the small intestine, specifically the combination of a hamartomatous tumor and a lipoma, are extremely rare. To our knowledge, no previous case report has described a collision tumor composed of two benign tumors of different origins in the small intestine.

CASE SUMMARY

Here, we present the case of an 82-year-old woman who presented with hemorrhagic shock and was found to have a mass measuring approximately 50 mm × 32 mm × 30 mm in the terminal ileum. Based on computed tomography scan findings, the mass was initially suspected to be a lipoma. A subsequent colonoscopy revealed a pedunculated submucosal elevation consisting of two distinct parts with a visible demarcation line. A biopsy of the upper portion suggested a juvenile polyp (JP). Owing to the patient’s advanced age, multiple comorbidities, and poor surgical tolerance, a modified endoscopic submucosal dissection was performed. Histopathological examination of the excised mucosal mass revealed a lipoma at the base and a JP at the top, demonstrating evidence of rupture and associated bleeding. The patient’s overall health remained satisfactory, with no recurrence of hematochezia during the six-month follow-up period.

CONCLUSION

This case report provides new evidence for the understanding of gastrointestinal collision tumors, emphasizing their diverse clinical presentations and histopathological characteristics. It also offers diagnostic and therapeutic insights as well as an approach for managing benign collision tumors.
Human pluripotent stem cell-derived kidney organoids: Current progress and challenges
Authors: Long Hong-Yan , Qian Zu-Ping , Lan Qin , Xu Yong-Jie , Da Jing-Jing , Yu Fu-Xun , Zha Yan
Published: February 2024

Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived kidney organoids share similarities with the fetal kidney. However, the current hPSC-derived kidney organoids have some limitations, including the inability to perform nephrogenesis and lack of a corticomedullary definition, uniform vascular system, and coordinated exit pathway for urinary filtrate. Therefore, further studies are required to produce hPSC-derived kidney organoids that accurately mimic human kidneys to facilitate research on kidney development, regeneration, disease modeling, and drug screening. In this review, we discussed recent advances in the generation of hPSC-derived kidney organoids, how these organoids contribute to the understanding of human kidney development and research in disease modeling. Additionally, the limitations, future research focus, and applications of hPSC-derived kidney organoids were highlighted.
Recent progress in hair follicle stem cell markers and their regulatory roles
Authors: Xing Yi-Zhan , Guo Hai-Ying , Xiang Fei , Li Yu-Hong
Published: February 2024

Hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) in the bulge are a multipotent adult stem cell population. They can periodically give rise to new HFs and even regenerate the epidermis and sebaceous glands during wound healing. An increasing number of biomarkers have been used to isolate, label, and trace HFSCs in recent years. Considering more detailed data from single-cell transcriptomics technology, we mainly focus on the important HFSC molecular markers and their regulatory roles in this review.
Silencing of Jumonji domain-containing 1C inhibits the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via nuclear factor-κB signaling
Authors: Li Jing-Yi , Wang Ting-Ting , Ma Li , Zhang Yu , Zhu Di
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Osteoporosis is a common metabolic bone disorder induced by an imbalance between osteoclastic activity and osteogenic activity. During osteoporosis, bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) exhibit an increased ability to differentiate into adipocytes and a decreased ability to differentiate into osteoblasts, resulting in bone loss. Jumonji domain-containing 1C (JMJD1C ) has been demonstrated to suppress osteoclastogenesis.

AIM

To examine the effect of JMJD1C on the osteogenesis of BMSCs and the potential underlying mechanism.

METHODS

BMSCs were isolated from mouse bone marrow tissues. Oil Red O staining, Alizarin red staining, alkaline phosphatase staining and the expression of adipogenic and osteogenic-associated genes were assessed to determine the differentiation of BMSCs. Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) were incubated with receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa Β ligand to induce osteoclast differentiation, and osteoclast differentiation was confirmed by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining. Other related genes were measured via reverse transcription coupled to the quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to measure the levels of inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6 and interleukin-1 beta.

RESULTS

The osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potential of BMSCs isolated from mouse bone marrow samples was evaluated. JMJD1C mRNA and protein expression was upregulated in BMSCs after osteoblast induction, while p-nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and inflammatory cytokines were not significantly altered. Knockdown of JMJD1C repressed osteogenic differentiation and enhanced NF-κB activation and inflammatory cytokine release in BMSCs. Moreover, JMJD1C expression decreased during BMM osteoclast differentiation.

CONCLUSION

The JMJD1C /NF-κB signaling pathway is potentially involved in BMSC osteogenic differentiation and may play vital roles in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis.
VX-509 attenuates the stemness characteristics of colorectal cancer stem-like cells by regulating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition through Nodal/Smad2/3 signaling
Authors: Yuan Yun , Zhang Xu-Fan , Li Yu-Chen , Chen Hong-Qing , Wen Tian , Zheng Jia-Lian , Zhao Zi-Yi , Hu Qiong-Ying
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Colorectal cancer stem cells (CCSCs) are heterogeneous cells that can self-renew and undergo multidirectional differentiation in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. CCSCs are generally accepted to be important sources of CRC and are responsible for the progression, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance of CRC. Therefore, targeting this specific subpopulation has been recognized as a promising strategy for overcoming CRC.

AIM

To investigate the effect of VX-509 on CCSCs and elucidate the underlying mechanism.

METHODS

CCSCs were enriched from CRC cell lines by in conditioned serum-free medium. Western blot, Aldefluor, transwell and tumorigenesis assays were performed to verify the phenotypic characteristics of the CCSCs. The anticancer efficacy of VX-509 was assessed in HCT116 CCSCs and HT29 CCSCs by performing cell viability analysis, colony formation, sphere formation, flow cytometry, and western blotting assessments in vitro and tumor growth, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence assessments in vivo .

RESULTS

Compared with parental cells, sphere cells derived from HCT116 and HT29 cells presented increased expression of stem cell transcription factors and stem cell markers and were more potent at promoting migration and tumorigenesis, demonstrating that the CRC sphere cells displayed CSC features. VX-509 inhibited the tumor malignant biological behavior of CRC-stem-like cells, as indicated by their proliferation, migration and clonality in vitro , and suppressed the tumor of CCSC-derived xenograft tumors in vivo . Besides, VX-509 suppressed the CSC characteristics of CRC-stem-like cells and inhibited the progression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signaling in vitro . Nodal was identified as the regulatory factor of VX-509 on CRC stem-like cells through analyses of differentially expressed genes and CSC-related database information. VX-509 markedly downregulated the expression of Nodal and its downstream phosphorylated Smad2/3 to inhibit EMT progression. Moreover, VX-509 reversed the dedifferentiation of CCSCs and inhibited the progression of EMT induced by Nodal overexpression.

CONCLUSION

VX-509 prevents the EMT process in CCSCs by inhibiting the transcription and protein expression of Nodal, and inhibits the dedifferentiated self-renewal of CCSCs.
Therapeutic utility of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells-based approaches in pulmonary diseases: Recent advancements and prospects
Authors: Meng Min , Zhang Wei-Wei , Chen Shuang-Feng , Wang Da-Rui , Zhou Chang-Hui
Published: February 2024

Pulmonary diseases across all ages threaten millions of people and have emerged as one of the major public health issues worldwide. For diverse disease conditions, the currently available approaches are focused on alleviating clinical symptoms and delaying disease progression but have not shown significant therapeutic effects in patients with lung diseases. Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) isolated from the human UC have the capacity for self-renewal and multilineage differentiation. Moreover, in recent years, these cells have been demonstrated to have unique advantages in the treatment of lung diseases. We searched the Public Clinical Trial Database and found 55 clinical trials involving UC-MSC therapy for pulmonary diseases, including coronavirus disease 2019, acute respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary fibrosis. In this review, we summarize the characteristics of these registered clinical trials and relevant published results and explore in depth the challenges and opportunitiesfaced in clinical application. Moreover, the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in UC-MSC-based therapy for pulmonary diseases are also analyzed in depth. In brief, this comprehensive review and detailed analysis of these clinical trials can be expected to provide a scientific reference for future large-scale clinical application.
Unlocking the versatile potential: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in ocular surface reconstruction and oculoplastics
Authors: Surico Pier Luigi , Scarabosio Anna , Miotti Giovanni , Grando Martina , Salati Carlo , Parodi Pier Camillo , Spadea Leopoldo , Zeppieri Marco
Published: February 2024

This review comprehensively explores the versatile potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with a specific focus on adipose-derived MSCs. Ophthalmic and oculoplastic surgery, encompassing diverse procedures for ocular and periocular enhancement, demands advanced solutions for tissue restoration, functional and aesthetic refinement, and aging. Investigating immunomodulatory, regenerative, and healing capacities of MSCs, this review underscores the potential use of adipose-derived MSCs as a cost-effective alternative from bench to bedside, addressing common unmet needs in the field of reconstructive and regenerative surgery.
White Paper to Support Supersession of MIL-S-8879C With AS8879C
Authors:   E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
Published: February 2024

This paper was prepared to support supersession of MIL-S-8879C with Screw Thread Conformity Task Force selected industry standard AS8879C, published by the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE). Other documentation changes will be covered by separate papers. Separate papers are anticipated for thread gaging issues, and thread gage calibration procedures. The STC-TF decided that the thread design standard needed to be completed before thread gage definition could be addressed. Thread gage definition has to be known before calibration procedures can be addressed.
Unmanned Systems (UxS) Control Segment (UCS) Architecture: RSA Version of UCS ICD Model
Authors:   AS-4UCS Unmanned Systems Control Segment Architecture
Published: February 2024

This User Guide describes the content of the Rational Software Architect (RSA) version of the UCS Architectural Model and how to use this model within the RSA modeling tool environment.

The purpose of the RSA version of the UCS Architectural Interface ICD model is to provide a model for Rational Software Architect (RSA) users, derived from the Enterprise Architect (EA) ICD model (AIR6515).

The AIR6515 EA Model, and by derivation, the AIR6516 RSA Model, have been validated to contain the same content as the AS6518 model for:

all UCS ICD interfaces

all UCS ICD messages

all UCS ICD data directly or indirectly referenced by ICD messages and interfaces

the Domain Participant, Information, Service and Non-Functional Properties Models
Unmanned Systems (UxS) Control Segment (UCS) Architecture: Version Description Document
Authors:   AS-4UCS Unmanned Systems Control Segment Architecture
Published: February 2024

Governance of the Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) Control Segment (UCS) Architecture was transferred from the United States Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) to SAE International in April 2015. Consequently, a subset of the UCS Architecture Library Release 3.4(PR) has been published under SAE as the Unmanned Systems (UxS) Control Segment (UCS) Architecture, AS6512. This Version Description Document (VDD) describes the correspondence and differences between the two architecture libraries.
Fittings, Welded, Hydraulic, Titanium, Corrosion-Resistant Steel and Nickel, 3000 psi Hydraulic
Authors:   G-3, Aerospace Couplings, Fittings, Hose, Tubing Assemblies
Published: February 2024

This document defines the requirements for weld fittings and machine weldments using an orbiting welding head suitable for use on cold worked 3AL-2.5V titanium, 21Cr-6Ni-9Mn CRES, and 718 nickel alloy tubing. Fitting standards covered by this specification include non-separable welded elbow, tee, and reducer fittings, and reconnectable 24-degree cone fittings, such as sleeves and unions.
Studs and Inserts, Locked In, Self-Broaching Keys – Hole Dimensions and Installation Requirements
Authors:   E-25 General Standards for Aerospace and Propulsion Systems
Published: February 2024

This specification establishes the procedure for installing hardened key types studs and inserts, eliminating the need for broaching key slots. It also defines the hole preparation necessary to install the studs and inserts.
Accelerated Exposure of Automotive Interior Trim Components Using a Controlled Irradiance Xenon-Arc Apparatus
Authors:   Textile and Flexible Plastics Committee
Published: February 2024

This test method specifies the operating procedures for a controlled-irradiance, xenon-arc apparatus used for the accelerated exposure of various automotive interior trim components.

Test duration, as well as any exceptions to the specimen preparation and performance evaluation procedures contained in this document, are covered in material specifications of the different automotive manufacturers.

Any deviation to this test method, such as the use of optical filter combinations, is to be agreed upon by contractual parties.
Categorization and Properties of Advanced High Strength Automotive Sheet Steels
Authors:   Metals Technical Committee
Published: February 2024

This SAE Recommended Practice defines various grades of continuously cast high-strength sheet steels and establishes mechanical property ranges. These sheet steels can be formed, welded, assembled and painted in automotive manufacturing processes. They can be specified as hot-rolled or cold-rolled sheet. Furthermore, they can be coated (hot-dipped galvanized, hot-dipped galvannealed, and electrogalvanized) or uncoated. Not all combinations of strength, dimensions and coatings may be commercially available; consult your steel supplier for details.
Wheels/Rims - Performance Requirements and Test Procedures Agriculture and Light Construction
Authors:   MTC8, Tire and Rim
Published: February 2024

This SAE Recommended Practice provides the minimum performance requirements and uniform laboratory procedures for fatigue testing of ferrous wheels and demountable rims intended primarily for off road use on agricultural machines (e.g., agricultural tractors, harvesters, trailers, and implements) and light construction machines (e.g., wheel loaders, backhoe loaders, dumpers, mobile excavators, and telehandlers). For other wheels intended for normal highway use and temporary use on passenger cars, light trucks, and multipurpose vehicles, refer to SAE J328. For wheels used on trailers drawn by passenger cars, light trucks, or multipurpose vehicles, refer to SAE J1204. For wheels intended for normal highway use on trucks, buses, truck-trailers, and multipurpose vehicles, refer to SAE J267. For bolt together military wheels, refer to SAE J1992. This document does not cover other special application wheels and rims.
Methods of Determining Hardenability of Steels
Authors:   Metals Technical Committee
Published: February 2024

This SAE Standard prescribes the procedure for making hardenability tests and recording results on shallow and medium hardening steels, but not deep hardening steels that will normally air harden.

Included are procedures using the 25 mm (1 in) standard hardenability end-quench specimen for both medium and shallow hardening steels and subsize method for bars less than 32 mm (1-1/4 in) in diameter. Methods for determining case hardenability of carburized steels are given in SAE J1975.

Any hardenability test made under other conditions than those given in this document will not be deemed standard and will be subject to agreement between supplier and user. Whenever check tests are made, all laboratories concerned must arrange to use the same alternate procedure with reference to test specimen and method of grinding for hardness testing.

For routine testing of the hardenability of successive heats of steel required to have hardenability within certain limits, it is sufficient to designate hardenability simply in terms of distance from the quenched end to the point at which a certain hardness is obtained. This designation may also be adequate for comparing steels of different compositions to see whether they have similar hardenability.

Hardenability limits for specifying steel in this manner are obtained by measuring the hardenability of a steel which has proved satisfactory for the use intended. The hardenability test may be used in this way as an empirical test.

For new components where manufacturing experience is lacking, hardenability data may be effectively used to estimate the hardness profile provided by any given steel. Attendantly, the ability to predict hardenability from chemical composition has become increasingly important when comparing various steel grades or developing new steels for specific applications. One such procedure is described in Appendix A. Other hardenability prediction methods are available from the selected references in Section 2. However, it should be emphasized that the use of any hardenability prediction procedure does not preclude the importance of conducting Jominy end-quench tests to determine the actual hardenability of any specific grade of steel.

Hardenability data may be used to estimate hardnesses obtainable with any steel in new machine parts not yet in production and not similar to any parts on which production experience is available. Various hardenability application methods are described in the selected references, Section 2.1, 23 to 25. It appears none of these methods are precise, but these are often useful for estimation purposes. Final correlation on actual parts is necessary.
Karslı Süleymân Şâdî’nin Bahrü’l-Meânî Adlı Farsça Eseri
Authors: KASKA Çetin
Published: February 2024

Zengin bir edebî mirasa sahip olan Farsça ile Türklerin tanışması çok eski devirlere rastlamaktadır. Farsça, Türk devletlerinin bir kısmında resmî dil; bir kısmında ise sadece kültür ve edebiyat dili olarak kullanılmıştır. Gazneliler, Büyük Selçuklular, Anadolu Selçukluları, Anadolu Beylikleri ve Osmanlı dönemlerinde bazı devlet adamları, şairler, edipler, bilim ve fikir adamları bu dil ile eserler kaleme almış ve sultanlar bu dil ile yazan en büyük ilim ve edebiyatçıları saraylarında toplamış ve onlara destek vermişlerdir. Bu himaye ve teşvik neticesinde Anadolu’da yaşayan, daha sonra Farsça öğrenen birçok şair ve yazar da Farsça şiirler yazmış, divan ve divançeler tertip etmiştir. Osmanlı döneminde yaşayıp Farsça şiir yazan sekiz yüzün üzerinde şair bulunmaktadır. Osmanlı’nın son döneminde Farsça şiir söyleyenlerden birisi de mutasavvıf şair Süleyman Şâdî’dir. Şâdî 1830’da Kars’ta doğmuş, Kars ve Erzurum’da görev yapmış ve 1900’de vefat etmiştir. Şâdî ikisi Türkçe ve ikisi de Farsça olmak üzere dört manzum eser kaleme almıştır. Bu eserlerden Bahrü’l-Meânî, Mevlânâ’nın Mesnevî’si örnek alınarak Farsça yazılmış ve Abdülazîz Han’a ithaf edilmiştir. Müellif bu eseri gördüğü bir rüya üzerine yazmış ve 1864’te tamamlamıştır. 301 beyitten oluşan bu eserde aşk, âşıklık, hakîkî ve mecazî aşk ve ilim gibi birçok konu ele alınmıştır. Bu makalede Şâdî’nin Bahrü’l-Meânî adlı eseri ilk defa detaylı ele alınmış, eserin tamamı Farsça olarak yazılmış ve eserdeki bazı şiirler Türkçeye tercüme edilmiştir.
Namık Kemal ve Şair Eşref’in Şiirlerinde Hürriyet
Authors: USLU Ahmet
Published: February 2024

Bu çalışmada, Tanzimat Dönemi ve II. Meşrutiyet Dönemi'nde önemli bir kavram olan hürriyetin, iki hürriyet aşığı şairin bakış açılarıyla incelenmesi ve karşılaştırması amaçlanmıştır. Hürriyet, her iki dönemde de dikkat çeken bir kavram olmuştur ve bu çalışma, şairlerin bu kavrama yönelik bakış açılarını ortaya koyarak dönemlerine özgü çözüm önerilerini ele almaktadır. İki şairin hürriyet anlayışları karşılaştırılarak, edebiyat tarihi açısından önemli bir kavramda görülen anlayış değişikliğini ortaya koymak amaçlanmaktadır. Namık Kemal'in “Hürriyet Kasidesi”ne yoğunlaşan önceki çalışmalara ek olarak, Şair Eşref'in hürriyet algısı da Namık Kemal’e yazdığı nazire ve “Kaside-i Hürriyet” şiiri çerçevesinde detaylı bir şekilde incelenmiştir. Her iki şairin hürriyet kavramını ele aldığı şiirler, devrin sosyal ve siyasî şartları ile birlikte şairlerin bireysel düşünceleri çerçevesinde aralarındaki benzerlik ve farklar esas alınarak bir karşılaştırma yapılmıştır. Tanzimat ve II. Meşrutiyet dönemleri arasındaki şair ve yazarların hürriyet algıları, dönemin siyasi ve toplumsal gelişmelerini anlamada ve kavram değişimlerini gözlemlemede önemli bir etken olarak ele alınmıştır. Her iki şair de vatanın zor durumdan kurtulması ve hürriyetin gelmesi için yaşamlarını adayan iki önemli birer şahsiyettir. “Hürriyet Kasidesi” yenilikçi bir biçim ve içerik sunarken, Şair Eşref, nazire olarak bu kasideye cevap verir ve kendisi de bir “Kaside-i Hürriyet” adlı şiir yazar.
Mankurt Kavramı: Aytmatov'un Edebi Hikayesinden Erdoğan'ın Siyasi Retoriğine
Authors: YILMAZ Dursun
Published: February 2024

Çalışma, Cengiz Aytmatov’un Kılımga Tete Bir Kün [Güz Uzar Yüzyıl Olur] eserindeki Nayman Ana söylencesinde ortaya çıkan mankurt kavramını ve bu kavramın Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanı Recep Tayyip Erdoğan tarafından kullanılmasını ele almaktadır. Mankurt, Türk Dil Kurumu sözlüğünde "ulusal kimlikten uzaklaşan, içinde bulunduğu topluma yabancılaşan” şeklinde tanımlanmıştır ve Aytmatov’un eserinde literatüre kazandırılmıştır. Çalışma, Erdoğan’ın sekiz yıllık halka açık konuşmalarını içerik analizi yöntemiyle inceleyerek mankurt kavramının geçtiği söylevleri taramıştır. Erdoğan’ın kavramı ilk kez 2015’te İstanbul’da düzenlenen mitingde kullanmasıyla başlayan süreç, medyada önemli bir yer bulmuş ancak zaman içinde basının ilgisi azalmıştır, bu durum gündem oluşturma teorisine işaret etmektedir. Bulgular, medyanın özellikle yazılı basının gündeminde yer alan konuların kamuoyunun gündemini etkileyebildiği sonucuna varmaktadır. Erdoğan'ın mankurt kavramını sıkça kullanmasına rağmen medyanın ilgisinin azalması, gündem oluşturma sürecini yansıtmaktadır. Bu çalışma, edebiyat, siyaset ve medya arasındaki etkileşimi anlamak adına önemli bir analitik çerçeve sunmaktadır. Çalışmaya konu olan mankurt kavramı Cumhurbaşkanı Erdoğan tarafından sekiz yıl içerisinde farklı tarihlerde 26 kez kullanılmış, bunun 15’i ulusal gazetelerin birinci sayfasında yer almıştır.
Die Schülerfirma
Authors: König Hannes , Hilbert Bernd , Mittelstädt Ewald , Wiepcke Claudia
Published: February 2024

Sowohl die Förderung von Unternehmertum als auch von unternehmerischem Denken und Handeln in abhängiger Beschäftigung hat in den letzten Jahren ein großes gesellschaftliches Interesse erfahren. Dies wird auch an den gegenwertigen Bildungs- und Lehrplänen mit Bezügen zur ökonomischen Bildung deutlich, die kaum ohne Verweise auf die wirtschaftsdidaktische Großform der Juniorfirma bzw. Schülerfirma auskommen. Das Buch greift diesen Trend auf. Anhand eines erfolgreichen Praxisbeispiels des Schüler-Instituts SITI Havelberg werden wirtschaftsdidaktisch relevante Ansätze, wie z.B. das Modell der vollständigen Handlung und des erfahrungsbasierten Lernens, zu einem Gesamtkonzept zusammengefasst. Beispiele, Tipps und Anleitungen zeigen auf, wie Junior- bzw. Schülerfirmen ganzheitlich und bildungswirksam durchgeführt werden können.
Die Weimarer Republik
Authors: Pohl Karl Heinrich
Published: February 2024

Dieses Buch möchte Geschichtsunterricht wieder dahin führen, wo Geschichte (auch) Spaß macht: zur fachgerechten Interpretation historischer Quellen. Exemplarisch werden sieben Quellen aus der Weimarer Republik vorgestellt, vom Hitlerputsch im Jahre 1923 über den Locarnopakt im Jahr 1925 bis zur Rede von Otto Wels (SPD) im Jahr 1933. Bei deren systematischer Analyse ergeben sich manche Überraschungen. Dabei werden Kompetenzen geradezu spielerisch – und doch fachorientiert – erworben. Dabei zielt der Band darauf ab, die Lesenden nicht zu überwältigen, sondern ein offenes Geschichtsbild und die Fähigkeit zur unabhängigen Meinungsbildung zu fördern.
Komm, Bruder Tod
Authors: Parigger Harald
Published: February 2024

Der junge Bernhard tut sich schwer mit der Strenge des Klosterlebens. Da geschieht ein Mord an einem Mitbruder und Bernhard wird mit der Aufklärung des Falles beauftragt. Schnell zeigt sich: Der Mörder hat noch weitere Mönche im Visier. Bernhard ermittelt – und begibt sich in tödliche Gefahr …
Harald Pariggers Mittelalter-Krimi wurde in dieser Neuauflage speziell für den Geschichtsunterricht aufbereitet und weckt auch bei wenig geschichtsbegeisterten Lesenden historisches Interesse. Im gesonderten Begleitmaterial für Lehrkräfte finden sich zudem Hintergrundnarrationen, Karten- und Quellenmaterial sowie einzelne Arbeitsblätter und didaktische Hinweise zur Gestaltung von Unterrichtseinheiten.
ChatGPT im Geschichtsunterricht
Authors: Held Oliver
Published: February 2024

Ist ChatGPT ein Game-Changer für den Geschichtsunterricht? Welche Herausforderungen sind zu beachten? Wie kann ChatGPT das Geschichtsbewusstsein stärken und die Fähigkeit zur historischen Analyse fördern? Dieses Buch zeigt, wie KI-Technologie den Unterricht bereichern kann, indem sie Lernenden ermöglicht, z.B. interaktive Dialoge mit historischen Figuren zu führen oder historische Ereignisse zu simulieren. Mit praxisnahen Anleitungen, methodisch-didaktischer Einordnung und einsatzfertigen Kopiervorlagen bietet der Band konkrete Vorschläge, um KI erfolgreich im Unterricht zu integrieren, diesen dadurch zu personalisieren und so ein tieferes Verständnis von Geschichte zu ermöglichen.
Europawahlratgeber
Authors: Kaeding Michael , Döpcke Liesa , Kim Bohyun , Ponce de Leon Caio Ribeiro Freire
Published: February 2024

Die Wahl des Europäischen Parlaments entscheidet darüber, wie in Zukunft drängende Probleme wie Inflation, Energiekrise, Migration oder Klima gelöst werden. Durch die Teilnahme an den Europawahlen können die Bürger der 27 Mitgliedsstaaten ihre politische Meinung zum Ausdruck bringen, denn: wer wählt, kann Einfluss auf die zukünftige Gestaltung der EU nehmen. Der Europawahlratgeber macht einmal mehr die Bedeutung der Wahl deutlich und liefert Fakten zur Wahl.
Digitale Quellenbestände im Geschichtsstudium
Authors: Bußmann Pia , Freitag Klaus
Published: February 2024

Seit dem Aufkommen der Digital Humanities ist die Arbeit mit digitalen Quellen aus der Geschichtswissenschaft nicht mehr wegzudenken. Der zeit- und ortsunabhängige Zugriff auf Quellenbestände ermöglicht Flexibilität und Effizienz. Dennoch wird dieser Bereich in der universitären Lehre bislang vernachlässigt, nicht zuletzt aufgrund (noch) fehlender wissenschaftlicher Standards. Der vorliegende Band zeigt, welche Vorteile digitale Quellendatenbanken dennoch bieten und wie sie bereits heute in verschiedene Lehrformate integriert werden können - mit dem Impuls, das Feld weiter zu erforschen und langfristig entsprechende Standards für die Arbeit mit digitalen Quellen zu etablieren.
Qualitätsoffensive Ganztag
Authors: Seitz Simone , Hamacher Catalina , Schieffer Leonie , Charline Bunte
Published: February 2024

Ganztagsbildung braucht Qualität. Die Entwicklung von ganztägigen Bildungs- und Lebensorten, die sich am Wohlbefinden und der Bildung aller Kinder ausrichten, bringt Angehörige unterschiedlicher Berufe zusammen. Die in diesem Manual gebündelten Methoden wurden im Rahmen eines wissenschaftlich begleiteten Projekts zur Ganztagsbildung dialogisch entwickelt sowie von Akteur*innen im Ganztag erprobt. Sie geben Impulse dazu, wie teambasierte Arbeit an guter Ganztagsbildung gelingen kann, und regen zur Anwendung im eigenen Feld an, um die Potenziale inklusiver ganztägiger Bildung für alle Beteiligten auszuschöpfen zu können.
Mediation
Authors: Busch Matthias , Witte Marlies
Published: February 2024

Rollenspiele bilden die zentrale Methode zum Erlernen, Üben und Vertiefen des Mediationsverfahrens und der alternativen Konfliktbearbeitung. Das Rollenspielbuch bietet 38 pädagogisch aufgearbeitete und in langjähriger Ausbildungspraxis erprobte Rollenspielvorlagen zu vielseitigen Konfliktfällen aus Arbeitswelt, Schule und Zivilgesellschaft.
Inklusive Downloadlink aller Materialien.
AYURVEDIC INTERVENTION IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PANDU ROGA (DIMORPHIC ANAEMIA)
Authors: Timande Sanket Anilrao , Nitin Rathod Sanjivani
Published: February 2024

Pandu Roga is an Ayurvedic ailment clinically comparable to many types of Anaemia. This study was done to
establish the effect of Ayurvedic management on the patient of Pandu Roga (Dimorphic Anaemia). In the IPD,
Arogyashala Rugnalaya, Nashik, from 08/01/2022 to 17/01/2022, A 69-year Male patient, suffering from Pandu
Roga (Dimorphic Anaemia) was treated with Ayurvedic management. Shamana Chikitsa (ayurvedic medicinal
treatment) And Virechana Karma (Therapeutic Purgation) were administered. The patient felt a significant increase in Hb g% and other hematological investigations. Symptoms were assessed as per the criteria of assessment, and improvement was seen in symptoms. Panduta (Pallor) 75%, Daurbalya (General weakness) 75%,
Ayasaja Shwasa (Dyspnoea on exertion) 66.66%, Pindikodveshtana (Leg cramps) 50%, Nidraluta (Sleepiness)
50%, Shiroruk (Headache)100%, Bhrama (Giddiness)0%, Sadana (Fatigue) 66.66%, Gatra Shoola (Body aches)
66.66%, Agnimandya (Impaired appetite) 66.66%, Aruchi (Anorexia) 66.66%. This case study demonstrates that
Ayurvedic management was significant in Pandu Roga (Dimorphic Anaemia).
PHARMACEUTICO- ANALYTICAL STUDY OF KSHEERAVIDARYADI TAILA PREPARED WITH NARIKELA TAILA AND KARANJA TAILA
Authors: L Ananya , T Roopini , M Goud Kiran
Published: February 2024

Sneha Kalpana refers to the pharmaceutical process of preparing oleaginous medicaments from substances like Kalka(paste), Kwatha(decoction), and Drava dravyas(liquids) in specific proportions. This involves subjecting them to a unique heating pattern and duration to meet specific pharmaceutical parameters tailored to therapeutic needs. "Ksheeravidaryadi Taila" is one such preparation mentioned in the "Anagatabhada Pratisheda Adhyaya" from Sushruta Samhita. It treats diseases through daily regimes like Shiro Abhyanga, particularly for addressing head lice infestations. The oil was meticulously prepared using the bases of Narikela Taila (Sample-A) and Karanja Taila (Sample-B). Both samples were then studied analytically. Analytical values for Sample A fell within permissible limits. However, Sample B exhibited elevated acid and peroxide values (38.99) and peroxide values (20.75), surpassing normal limits and indicating potential issues with oxidative deterioration and shelf life. Sample B's saponification value was higher than Sample A's, suggesting a faster absorption rate. The oil ingredients, characterized by Tikta and Katu rasas, Ushna veerya, and anti-parasitic properties, suggest potential effectiveness against head lice. Karanja Taila, with its specific properties like Krimigna, Kandugna, Ushna, and Teekshna, traditionally used in skin disorders, may enhance the oil's efficacy in treating head lice.
A CONTEXT TO SEROTONIN THEORY ON MANOVAHA STROTAS AND IT’S VIKARA
Authors: Shelke Shraddha , Sharma Babita
Published: February 2024

A healthy individual is one whose Aatma (soul), Indriya (senses), and Mana (mind) are all in a state of happi-ness and whose body's Dosha, Agni, Dhatus, and Mala kriya (physiological functions of excretions, etc.) are all in an equilibrium. The root cause of all diseases can be attributed to three factors: Asatmaindriyartha Samyoga (overuse, underuse, or inappropriate use of sensory faculties), Prajnaparadha (intellectual blasphemy), and Parinama (time). The primary causes of mental disorders in the present period are Raja and Tama, which are within our grasp. Among the nine Karan Dravyas, Mana is called an "Amurta dravya". Manasvikara are recog-nised in this context as contributing elements to psychosomatic disorders. Ayurveda has prescribed a daily rou-tine in a very particular manner, known as Dinacharya. Adhering to the correct Dinacharya can help us combat negative lifestyle variables, stress, anxiety, and depression with great effectiveness. The most well-known func-tion of serotonin as a neurotransmitter is its ability to regulate brain activity and aid concentration. Research has shown that serotonin may also have a role in major depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, and schizophrenia Methodology-The material in this paper is drawn from classic works of Ayurveda with easily understood com-mentary, a textbook of modern medical sciences, and other articles to help understand the concepts of Manovaha strotas, Manovikara, and the physiology and characteristics of the hormone serotonin ., how it works, the role it plays in our body, and how its level can be increased. Result -The ultimate state of mental and emotional bal-ance is Satva; Alpa satva can result in various forms of Manovikara. Serotonin levels must be balanced to re-store physiological changes and initiate the body's healing process. Thus, this article aims to comprehend the role of serotonin in Manovikara.
DOCTRINE OF EPIDEMIOLOGY IN AYURVEDA
Authors: Krishnan Anjana , K.V Venkatakrishna , G Navale Sudheendra
Published: February 2024

Epidemiology, the essential aspect of community medicine, is pivotal in understanding and controlling health-related states or events in populations. The Concept of Epidemiology and its principles in Ayurveda, apart from Janapadodwamsa, is a lesser-explored domain. Employing an advanced epidemiological model encompassing Time
(Kala), Environment (Desha), Host (Purusha), and Causative factors (Nidanas), including Aharaja, Viharaja,
Manaika, and Agantuja factors along with modes of transmission and factors influencing human health in Ayurveda,
the analysis unravel the hidden doctrine of Epidemiology in Ayurveda. This study is a modest attempt to understand
the epidemiological concepts mentioned in Ayurveda, shedding light on their potential contributions to contemporary public health understanding and programme planning.