bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Illusory body ownership of an invisible body interpolated between virtual hands and feet via visual-motor synchronicity
Authors: Kondo Ryota , Sugimoto Maki , Minamizawa Kouta , Hoshi Takayuki , Inami Masahiko , Kitazaki Michiteru
Published: May 2018

Body ownership can be modulated through illusory visual-tactile integration or visual-motor synchronicity/contingency. Recently, it has been reported that illusory ownership of an invisible body can be induced by illusory visual-tactile integration from a first-person view. We aimed to test whether a similar illusory ownership of the invisible body could be induced by the active method of visual-motor synchronicity and if the illusory invisible body could be experienced in front of and facing away from the observer. Participants observed left and right white gloves and socks in front of them, at a distance of 2 m, in a virtual room through a head-mounted display. The white gloves and socks were synchronized with the observers’ actions. In the experiments, we tested the effect of synchronization, and compared this to a whole-body avatar, measuring self-localization drift. We observed that visual hands and feet were sufficient to induce illusory body ownership, and this effect was as strong as using a whole-body avatar.
Plasma “bullet” with hollow structure: formation and evolution
Authors: Chang Zhengshi , Zhao Ni , Li Guoqiang , Zhang Guanjun
Published: May 2018

Since the plasma “bullet” and ring shape were discovered by Teschke and coworkers in 2005, the hollow structure of the plasma “bullet” has been a hot topic as an important phenomenon. Clearing the mechanism back on the phenomenon is very important to research and application of atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ). Although a lot of discussions on the generation and evolution of the hollow structure have been conducted in past years, there is a substantial divergence between the experimental researcher and the numerical simulation researcher. The former considers that the Penning effect has a main contribution, because the presence of impurities enables the Penning process to occur at the gas flow/air interface. On the contrary, numerical simulation claims that the Penning effect is not so decisive to the formation of hollow structure. Based on our previous work, this paper aims to clear the debatable topic by setting the special experiments. After comparing and analyzing the phenomena and mechanism, a better comprehension is reached on the contribution of the Penning effect to the hollow structure. We also give a promising conclusion for forming the hollow structure of plasma jet in the end of paper.
The mitochondrial genome of the oribatid mite Paraleius leontonychus: new insights into tRNA evolution and phylogenetic relationships in acariform mites
Authors: Schäffer Sylvia , Koblmüller Stephan , Klymiuk Ingeborg , Thallinger Gerhard G.
Published: May 2018

Bilaterian mitochondrial (mt) genomes are circular molecules that typically contain 37 genes. To date, only a single complete mitogenome sequence is available for the species-rich sarcoptiform mite order Oribatida. We sequenced the mitogenome of Paraleius leontonychus, another species of this suborder. It is 14,186 bp long and contains 35 genes, including only 20 tRNAs, lacking tRNA
Gly
and tRNA
Tyr
. Re-annotation of the mitogenome of Steganacarus magnus increased the number of mt tRNAs for this species to 12. As typical for acariform mites, many tRNAs are highly truncated in both oribatid species. The total number of tRNAs and the number of tRNAs with a complete cloverleaf-like structure in P. leontonychus, however, clearly exceeds the numbers previously reported for Sarcoptiformes. This indicates, contrary to what has been previously assumed, that reduction of tRNAs is not a general characteristic for sarcoptiform mites. Compared to other Sarcoptiformes, the two oribatid species have the least rearranged mt genome with respect to the pattern observed in Limulus polyphemus, a basal arachnid species. Phylogenetic analysis of the newly sequenced mt genome and previously published data on other acariform mites confirms paraphyly of the Oribatida and an origin of the Astigmata within the Oribatida.
γδTCR regulates production of interleukin-27 by neutrophils and attenuates inflammatory arthritis
Authors: Bouchareychas Laura , Grössinger Eva M. , Kang Mincheol , Adamopoulos Iannis E.
Published: May 2018

γδ T cells have been implicated in inflammatory diseases as an important link between the innate and adaptive immune responses, however, their role in inflammatory arthritis remain unclear. To define the contribution of γδ T cells in the pathogenesis of inflammatory arthritis, we performed gene transfer of IL-23 in B10.RIII mice to establish joint inflammation in the presence or absence of γδ T cells. We demonstrated that γδ T cell blockade has a protective effect on arthritis incidence and severity by preventing neutrophil accumulation in the blood, spleen and bone marrow as well as by reducing neutrophil infiltration into the joints. Furthermore, our data demonstrate that absence of γδ T cells was associated with an increase of IL-27 levels produced by neutrophils and dendritic cells, and systemic IL-27 expression also prevents IL-23-induced inflammatory arthritis and limits neutrophil expansion. Collectively our findings reveal an immunomodulatory effect of γδ T cells on neutrophils associated with IL-27 synthesis and secretion and indicate a novel link between IL-27 and the modulation of γδ T cells and neutrophils that can be targeted in the treatment of inflammatory arthritis.
Detection of malaria sporozoites expelled during mosquito sugar feeding
Authors: Brugman V. A. , Kristan M. , Gibbins M. P. , Angrisano F. , Sala K. A. , Dessens J. T. , Blagborough A. M. , Walker T.
Published: May 2018

Malaria is a severe disease of global importance transmitted by mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles. The ability to rapidly detect the presence of infectious mosquitoes able to transmit malaria is of vital importance for surveillance, control and elimination efforts. Current methods principally rely on large-scale mosquito collections followed by labour-intensive salivary gland dissections or enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) methods to detect sporozoites. Using forced salivation, we demonstrate here that Anopheles mosquitoes infected with Plasmodium expel sporozoites during sugar feeding. Expelled sporozoites can be detected on two sugar-soaked substrates, cotton wool and Whatman FTA cards, and sporozoite DNA is detectable using real-time PCR. These results demonstrate a simple and rapid methodology for detecting the presence of infectious mosquitoes with sporozoites and highlight potential laboratory applications for investigating mosquito-malaria interactions. Our results indicate that FTA cards could be used as a simple, effective and economical tool in enhancing field surveillance activities for malaria.
Mind Wandering and Task-Focused Attention: ERP Correlates
Authors: Gonçalves Óscar F. , Rêgo Gabriel , Conde Tatiana , Leite Jorge , Carvalho Sandra , Lapenta Olívia Morgan , Boggio Paulo S.
Published: May 2018

Previous studies looking at how Mind Wandering (MW) impacts performance in distinct Focused Attention (FA) systems, using the Attention Network Task (ANT), showed that the presence of pure MW thoughts did not impact the overall performance of ANT (alert, orienting and conflict) performance. However, it still remains unclear if the lack of interference of MW in the ANT, reported at the behavioral level, has a neurophysiological correspondence. We hypothesize that a distinct cortical processing may be required to meet attentional demands during MW. The objective of the present study was to test if, given similar levels of ANT performance, individuals predominantly focusing on MW or FA show distinct cortical processing. Thirty-three healthy participants underwent an EEG high-density acquisition while they were performing the ANT. MW was assessed following the ANT using an adapted version of the Resting State Questionnaire (ReSQ). The following ERP’s were analyzed: pN1, pP1, P1, N1, pN, and P3. At the behavioral level, participants were slower and less accurate when responding to incongruent than to congruent targets (conflict effect), benefiting from the presentation of the double (alerting effect) and spatial (orienting effect) cues. Consistent with the behavioral data, ERP’s waves were discriminative of distinct attentional effects. However, these results remained true irrespective of the MW condition, suggesting that MW imposed no additional cortical demand in alert, orienting, and conflict attention tasks.
Construction of the tetracyclic core of (±)-cycloclavine and 4-amino Uhle's ketone
Authors: Chen Jin-Quan , Mi Yang , Shi Zi-Fa , Cao Xiao-Ping
Published: May 2018

Construction of the tetracyclic core of (±)-cycloclavine and 4-amino Uhle's ketone.
Occurrence of neonicotinoids in waste water from the Bucharest treatment plant
Authors: Iancu Vasile-Ion , Radu Gabriel-Lucian
Published: May 2018

A sensitive and selective method SPE-LC-MS/MS for the detection of widely used neonicotinoids (nitenpyram, thiamethoxam, clothianidin, acetamiprid, dinotefuran, and imidacloprid) in waste water was developed.
DNA interactions of non-chelating tinidazole-based coordination compounds and their structural, redox and cytotoxic properties
Authors: Castro-Ramírez Rodrigo , Ortiz-Pastrana Naytzé , Caballero Ana B. , Zimmerman Matthew T. , Stadelman Bradley S. , Gaertner Andrea A. E. , Brumaghim Julia L. , Korrodi-Gregório Luís , Pérez-Tomás Ricardo , Gamez Patrick , Barba-Behrens Norah
Published: May 2018

DNA interactions of novel tinidazole CuII complexes.
New Ru(ii) complex for dual photochemotherapy: release of cathepsin K inhibitor and1O2production
Authors: Rohrabaugh Thomas N. , Collins Kelsey A. , Xue Congcong , White Jessica K. , Kodanko Jeremy J. , Turro Claudia
Published: May 2018

A new Ru(ii) complex releases a cysteine protease inhibitor and produces cytotoxic1O2upon irradiation with visible light, making it potentially useful as a dual-action PDT agent.
Balancing the acidity of the pendant urea arm of bis-heteroleptic ruthenium(ii) complex containing pyridyl triazole for improved oxyanion recognition
Authors: Ghosh Tamal Kanti , Ghosh Pradyut
Published: May 2018

The effect of the acidity of the pendant urea –NH protons on oxyanion recognition, luminiscence OFF–ON sensing and extraction is demonstrated.
A neutral auxiliary ligand enhanced dysprosium(iii) single molecule magnet
Authors: Chen Xiao-Xiang , Ma Fang , Xu Mei-Xing , Bi Jin-Cheng , Sun Hao-Ling , Wang Bing-Wu , Gao Song
Published: May 2018

An approximately equatorial three-coordinated dysprosium(iii) complex DyL2[N(SiMe3)2] (L = bis(2-(2,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)ethyl)amine) with an additional neutral auxiliary pyrrole ligand was synthesised and structurally characterized.
Recent advances in the field of light-driven water oxidation catalyzed by transition-metal substituted polyoxometalates
Authors: Han Qing , Ding Yong
Published: May 2018

A brief review on recent developments in the field of TM-substituted POM water oxidation catalysts was systematically presented, providing researchers valuable guidance for further discovery and improvements in efficient and robust TSPWOCs in future.
Diborane heterolysis: breaking and making B–B bonds at magnesium
Authors: Pécharman Anne-Frédérique , Hill Michael S. , Mahon Mary F.
Published: May 2018

Reactions of β-diketiminato magnesium diboronate complexes with 4-dimethylaminopyridine or diborane reagents provide terminal boryl or triborane anions, respectively.
Cobalt-substituted SrTi0.3Fe0.7O3−δ: a stable high-performance oxygen electrode material for intermediate-temperature solid oxide electrochemical cells
Authors: Zhang Shan-Lin , Wang Hongqian , Lu Matthew Y. , Zhang Ai-Ping , Mogni Liliana V. , Liu Qinyuan , Li Cheng-Xin , Li Chang-Jiu , Barnett Scott A.
Published: May 2018

SrTi0.3Fe0.7−xCoxO3−δoxygen electrodes provide a unique combination of low polarization resistance and stability useful for solid oxide electrochemical cells.
Construction of dual-functional polymer nanomaterials with near-infrared fluorescence imaging and polymer prodrug by RAFT-mediated aqueous dispersion polymerization
Authors: Tian Chun , Niu Jinyun , Wei Xuerui , Xu Yujie , Zhang Lifen , Cheng Zhenping , Zhu Xiulin
Published: May 2018

We developed dual-functional nanoparticles with controllable reductive-responsive prodrug content and NIR fluorescence imaging through RAFT-mediated dispersion polymerization in pure water.
Facet- and structure-dependent catalytic activity of cuprous oxide/polypyrrole particles towards the efficient reduction of carbon dioxide to methanol
Authors: Periasamy Arun Prakash , Ravindranath Rini , Senthil Kumar Sakkarapalayam Murugesan , Wu Wen-Ping , Jian Ting-Rui , Chang Huan-Tsung
Published: May 2018

Cu2O(OL-MH)/Ppy particles selectively reduce CO2to methanol with a faradaic efficiency of 93 ± 1.2% due to an efficient anion exchange mechanism, dominant low-index (111) facets and high-index (311), (211) facets of Cu2O.
Surface tension driven aggregation of organic nanowires via lab in a droplet
Authors: Gu Jianmin , Yin Baipeng , Fu Shaoyan , Feng Man , Zhang Ziming , Dong Haiyun , Gao Faming , Zhao Yong Sheng
Published: May 2018

A simple surface tension driven aggregation of organic nanowires strategy was demonstrated for the fabrication of dandelion-like nanostructures with 1D nanowire as building blocks via lab in a droplet.
Comparison of riboflavin-derived flavinium salts applied to catalytic H2O2oxidations
Authors: Sakai Takuya , Kumoi Takuma , Ishikawa Tatsuro , Nitta Takahiro , Iida Hiroki
Published: May 2018

A series of flavinium salts were prepared from commercially available riboflavin, and their optical and redox properties and their catalytic activity were compared.
Frequency and temperature-dependence of dielectric permittivity and electric modulus studies of the solid solution Ca0.85Er0.1Ti1−xCo4x/3O3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1)
Authors: Rayssi Ch. , El.Kossi S. , Dhahri J. , Khirouni K.
Published: May 2018

Frequency dependence of real (ε′) part of permittivity of CETCox for x = 0.00, 0.05 and 0.10 for T = 600 K.
Effect of Rhizoma Paridis saponin on the pain behavior in a mouse model of cancer pain
Authors: Wang Genbei , Liu Yuanxue , Wang Yu , Gao Wenyuan
Published: May 2018

Rhizoma Paridis saponins (RPS) as active parts ofP. polyphyllaSmith var.yunnanensishas been used as an anti-cancer drug in traditional Chinese medicine.
Effects of area, aspect ratio and orientation of rectangular nanohole on the tensile strength of defective graphene – a molecular dynamics study
Authors: Qin Xinmao , Yan Wanjun , Guo Xiaotian , Gao Tinghong
Published: May 2018

Molecular dynamics simulations with AIREBO potential are performed to investigate the effects of rectangular nanoholes with different areas, aspect ratios (length/width ratios) and orientations on the tensile strength of defective graphene.
First-principles study of thermoelectric properties of Mg2Si–Mg2Pb semiconductor materials
Authors: Fan Tao , Xie Congwei , Wang Shiyao , Oganov Artem R. , Cheng Laifei
Published: May 2018

Thermoelectric figure of merit of Mg2Si1−xPbx solid solutions as a function of temperature.
Direct speciation methods to quantify catalytically active species of AlCl3in glucose isomerization
Authors: Norton Angela M. , Nguyen Hannah , Xiao Nicholas L. , Vlachos Dionisios G.
Published: May 2018

While homogeneous metal halides have been shown to catalyze glucose to fructose isomerization, direct experimental evidence in support of the catalytically active species remains elusive.
Correction: Rational design of a peptide capture agent for CXCL8 based on a model of the CXCL8:CXCR1 complex
Authors: Helmer Dorothea , Rink Ina , Dalton James A. R. , Brahm Kevin , Jöst Marina , Nargang Tobias M. , Blum Witali , Wadhwani Parvesh , Brenner-Weiss Gerald , Rapp Bastian E. , Giraldo Jesús , Schmitz Katja
Published: May 2018

Correction for ‘Rational design of a peptide capture agent for CXCL8 based on a model of the CXCL8:CXCR1 complex’ by Dorothea Helmeret al.,RSC Adv., 2015,5, 25657–25668.
An anionic shell shields a cationic core allowing for uptake and release of polyelectrolytes within core–shell responsive microgels
Authors: Gelissen Arjan P. H. , Scotti Andrea , Turnhoff Sarah K. , Janssen Corinna , Radulescu Aurel , Pich Andrij , Rudov Andrey A. , Potemkin Igor I. , Richtering Walter
Published: May 2018

MD-simulations and experimental investigations on uptake and release of anionic polyelectrolytes by cationic microgels surrounded by a soft anionic shell.
Core/shell design of efficient electrocatalysts based on NiCo2O4nanowires and NiMn LDH nanosheets for rechargeable zinc–air batteries
Authors: Guo Xiaolong , Zheng Tianxu , Ji Guipeng , Hu Ning , Xu Chaohe , Zhang Yuxin
Published: May 2018

Core/shell structured NiCo2O4@NiMn LDH hybrids were fabricated as efficient electrocatalysts for rechargeable Zn–air batteries.
Recent progress in two-dimensional polymers for energy storage and conversion: design, synthesis, and applications
Authors: Xiao Peitao , Xu Yuxi
Published: May 2018

The synthetic methods of two-dimensional polymers and their applications in energy storage and conversion are reviewed with an emphasis on the underlying method–structure–property relationships.
Promoting endothelial cell affinity and antithrombogenicity of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) by mussel-inspired modification and RGD/heparin grafting
Authors: Mi Hao-Yang , Jing Xin , Thomsom James A. , Turng Lih-Sheng
Published: May 2018

Chemical modification using dopamine, polyethylenimine, RGD and heparin enabled simultaneous promotion of endothelial cell affinity and antithrombogenicity of polytetrafluoroethylene.
Engineering photoluminescent and magnetic lamellar hydroxyapatite by facile one-step Se/Gd dual-doping
Authors: Luo Honglin , Xie Jing , Xiong Lingling , Yang Zhiwei , Zuo Guifu , Wang Hongying , Zhu Yong , Wan Yizao
Published: May 2018

A novel selenium (Se) and gadolinium (Gd) dual-doped lamellar hydroxyapatite has been produced by facile one-step template-assisted synthesis.
Delocalisation softens polaron electronic transitions and vibrational modes in conjugated polymers
Authors: Kahmann Simon , Loi Maria A. , Brabec Christoph J.
Published: May 2018

The delocalisation of polarons in conjugated polymers strongly impacts on optical transition energies in the infrared spectral region.
Highly-stable, green-solvent-processable organic thin-film transistors: angular- vs. linear-shaped carbazoledioxazine derivatives
Authors: Wang Yang , Tatsumi Hiroki , Otsuka Rikuo , Mori Takehiko , Michinobu Tsuyoshi
Published: May 2018

Linear-shaped carbazoledioxazines can be processed from green solvents and exhibit a two orders of magnitude higher mobility than their angular-counterpart.
The Parkinson's disease VPS35[D620N] mutation enhances LRRK2-mediated Rab protein phosphorylation in mouse and human
Authors: Mir Rafeeq , Tonelli Francesca , Lis Pawel , Macartney Thomas , Polinski Nicole K. , Martinez Terina N. , Chou Meng-Yun , Howden Andrew J.M. , König Theresa , Hotzy Christoph , Milenkovic Ivan , Brücke Thomas , Zimprich Alexander , Sammler Esther , Alessi Dario R.
Published: May 2018

Missense mutations in the LRRK2 (Leucine-rich repeat protein kinase-2) and VPS35 genes result in autosomal dominant Parkinson's disease. The VPS35 gene encodes for the cargo-binding component of the retromer complex, while LRRK2 modulates vesicular trafficking by phosphorylating a subgroup of Rab proteins. Pathogenic mutations in LRRK2 increase its kinase activity. It is not known how the only thus far described pathogenic VPS35 mutation, [p.D620N] exerts its effects. We reveal that the VPS35[D620N] knock-in mutation strikingly elevates LRRK2-mediated phosphorylation of Rab8A, Rab10, and Rab12 in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. The VPS35[D620N] mutation also increases Rab10 phosphorylation in mouse tissues (the lung, kidney, spleen, and brain). Furthermore, LRRK2-mediated Rab10 phosphorylation is increased in neutrophils as well as monocytes isolated from three Parkinson's patients with a heterozygous VPS35[D620N] mutation compared with healthy donors and idiopathic Parkinson's patients. LRRK2-mediated Rab10 phosphorylation is significantly suppressed by knock-out or knock-down of VPS35 in wild-type, LRRK2[R1441C], or VPS35[D620N] cells. Finally, VPS35[D620N] mutation promotes Rab10 phosphorylation more potently than LRRK2 pathogenic mutations. Available data suggest that Parkinson's patients with VPS35[D620N] develop the disease at a younger age than those with LRRK2 mutations. Our observations indicate that VPS35 controls LRRK2 activity and that the VPS35[D620N] mutation results in a gain of function, potentially causing PD through hyperactivation of the LRRK2 kinase. Our findings suggest that it may be possible to elaborate compounds that target the retromer complex to suppress LRRK2 activity. Moreover, patients with VPS35[D620N] associated Parkinson's might benefit from LRRK2 inhibitor treatment that have entered clinical trials in humans.
Isovolumic loading of the failing heart by intraventricular placement of a spring expander attenuates cardiac atrophy after heterotopic heart transplantation
Authors: Pokorný Martin , Mrázová Iveta , Šochman Jan , Melenovský Vojtěch , Malý Jiří , Pirk Jan , Červenková Lenka , Sadowski Janusz , Čermák Zdeněk , Volenec Karel , Vacková Šárka , Maxová Hana , Červenka Luděk , Netuka Ivan
Published: May 2018

Cardiac atrophy is the most common complication of prolonged application of the left ventricle (LV) assist device (LVAD) in patients with advanced heart failure (HF). Our aim was to evaluate the course of unloading-induced cardiac atrophy in rats with failing hearts, and to examine if increased isovolumic loading obtained by intraventricular implantation of an especially designed spring expander would attenuate this process. Heterotopic abdominal heart transplantation (HTx) was used as a rat model of heart unloading. HF was induced by volume overload achieved by creation of the aorto-caval fistula (ACF). The degree of cardiac atrophy was assessed as the weight ratio of the heterotopically transplanted heart (HW) to the control heart. Isovolumic loading was increased by intraventricular implantation of a stainless steel three-branch spring expander. The course of cardiac atrophy was evaluated on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 after HTx. Seven days unloading by HTx in failing hearts sufficed to substantially decrease the HW (−59 ± 3%), the decrease progressed when measured on days 14, 21, and 28 after HTx. Implantation of the spring expander significantly reduced the decreases in whole HW at all the time points (−39 ± 3 compared with −59 ± 3, −52 ± 2 compared with −69 ± 3, −51 ± 2 compared with –71 ± 2, and −44 ± 2 compared with −71 ± 3%, respectively; P<0.05 in each case). We conclude that the enhanced isovolumic heart loading obtained by implantation of the spring expander attenuates the development of unloading-induced cardiac atrophy in the failing rat heart.
Reduced aperture low sidelobe patch array
Authors: Wasif Niaz Muhammad , Shahzad Sadiq Muhammad , Yin Yingzeng , Zheng Shufeng , Chen Jingdong
Published: May 2018

This Letter presents the design of a reduced aperture low sidelobe patch array whose aperture is much smaller than that of a conventional patch array since the spacing between adjacent elements is less than . Low sidelobes are achieved without implementing an aperture distribution. This results in more efficient patch elements of the array and therefore the overall gain is higher than that of a conventional array of the same aperture. Moreover, as patches are series‐fed, the width of feed lines is not limited by patch impedances and no matching transformer is required in the design. The experiment shows that a gain of 15.3 dB at 16.5 GHz and a sidelobe level of −16.7 dB in the E‐plane and −15.1 dB in the H‐plane are achieved.
Development of EV charging templates: an improved K‐prototypes method
Authors: Hong Juhua , Xiang Yue , Liu Youbo , Liu Junyong , Li Ran , Li Furong , Gou Jing
Published: May 2018

In order to manage the charging behaviour of electric vehicles (EVs), this study for the first time develops a set of EV charging load profiles: EV templates. EV charging profiles have unique waveforms similar to a rectangular pulse train. This characteristics significantly limits the performance of clustering analysis in that traditional distance calculation, such as Euclidean distance, which cannot reflect the morphological dissimilarities. This study proposes a novel clustering method using rough set theory to accurately measure the dissimilarity between the EV profiles. The pulse train waves are firstly extracted as mixed data features, which are partitioned by an improved K‐prototypes method based on rough set distance. The proposed method is implemented on the real charging load profiles and compared with K‐means and traditional K‐prototypes. Their clustering performances are evaluated by diverse validity indices. The results show that the proposed method outperforms other comparison methods.
Transient inrush current detection and classification in 230 kV shunt capacitor bank switching under various transient‐mitigation methods based on discrete wavelet transform
Authors: Patcharoen Theerasak , Ngaopitakkul Atthapol
Published: May 2018

To avoid the failure of instantaneous overcurrent relays (50) owing to fails triggered by transient inrush currents during capacitor‐bank switching, this study describes a new approach to detect and classify high‐transient inrush current. These currents are due to the energisation of a shunt capacitor bank, rated 4 × 72 Mvar/230 kV, in a substation system in Thailand. The simulation tool power systems computer‐aided design (PSCAD) is used to simulate the transient inrush current using six transient‐mitigation methods, i.e. (i) a base case, (ii) a pre‐insertion resistor, (iii) a pre‐insertion inductor, (iv) a current‐limiting reactor, (v) a series 6% reactor and (vi) synchronous closing control. Inrush current signals from PSCAD were used as inputs for discrete wavelet transforms. On a scale from 1 to 30, the maximum value of the wavelet coefficient is used to detect the inrush current. The high value of the standard deviation of the wavelet‐scale analysis is used to discriminate between the high transient inrush current and the normal capacitor rate current. The results obtained show that the newly proposed method effectively detects and discriminates the capacitor switching inrush current, both isolated and back‐to‐back switching, with high accuracy.
Time‐varying magnetic field analysis using an improved meshless method based on interpolating moving least squares
Authors: Arehpanahi Mehdi , Jamalifard Hamid Reza
Published: May 2018

In this study, analysis of 2D time‐varying magnetic field using an improved meshless method based on interpolating moving least squares (IMLS) is proposed. In this study, solving the time‐domain magnetic field equation in a meshless method carried out by selection of magnetic field intensity as a variable instead of magnetic vector potential which is widely used as a variable. Using this approach, the post‐processing process will be fast and the boundary condition is implemented simply. For performance evaluation of the proposed method in eddy current analysis, two other meshless techniques, i.e. moving least squares (MLS) and radial point interpolation method (RPIM) have been considered. The results of improved IMLS are compared with MLS, RPIM and finite element method (FEM) results. Verification of improved meshless results is performed by FEM.
Solar wind dynamics around a comet
Authors: Behar E. , Tabone B. , Saillenfest M. , Henri P. , Deca J. , Lindkvist J. , Holmström M. , Nilsson H.
Published: May 2018

Aims.We aim at analytically modelling the solar wind proton trajectories during their interaction with a partially ionised cometary atmosphere, not in terms of bulk properties of the flow but in terms of single particle dynamics.

Methods.We first derive a generalised gyromotion, in which the electric field is reduced to its motional component. Steady-state is assumed, and simplified models of the cometary density and of the electron fluid are used to express the force experienced by individual solar wind protons during the interaction.

Results.A three-dimensional (3D) analytical expression of the gyration of two interacting plasma beams is obtained. Applying it to a comet case, the force on protons is always perpendicular to their velocity and has an amplitude proportional to 1/r2. The solar wind deflection is obtained at any point in space. The resulting picture presents a caustic of intersecting trajectories, and a circular region is found that is completely free of particles. The particles do not lose any kinetic energy and this absence of deceleration, together with the solar wind deflection pattern and the presence of a solar wind ion cavity, is in good agreement with the general results of the Rosetta mission.

Conclusions.The qualitative match between the model and the in situ data highlights how dominant the motional electric field is throughout most of the interaction region for the solar wind proton dynamics. The model provides a simple general kinetic description of how momentum is transferred between these two collisionless plasmas. It also shows the potential of this semi-analytical model for a systematic quantitative comparison to the data.
Return of the features
Authors: D’Isanto A. , Cavuoti S. , Gieseke F. , Polsterer K. L.
Published: May 2018

Context. The explosion of data in recent years has generated an increasing need for new analysis techniques in order to extract knowledge from massive data-sets. Machine learning has proved particularly useful to perform this task. Fully automatized methods (e.g. deep neural networks) have recently gathered great popularity, even though those methods often lack physical interpretability. In contrast, feature based approaches can provide both well-performing models and understandable causalities with respect to the correlations found between features and physical processes.

Aims. Efficient feature selection is an essential tool to boost the performance of machine learning models. In this work, we propose a forward selection method in order to compute, evaluate, and characterize better performing features for regression and classification problems. Given the importance of photometric redshift estimation, we adopt it as our case study.

Methods. We synthetically created 4520 features by combining magnitudes, errors, radii, and ellipticities of quasars, taken from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). We apply a forward selection process, a recursive method in which a huge number of feature sets is tested through a k-Nearest-Neighbours algorithm, leading to a tree of feature sets. The branches of the feature tree are then used to perform experiments with the random forest, in order to validate the best set with an alternative model.

Results. We demonstrate that the sets of features determined with our approach improve the performances of the regression models significantly when compared to the performance of the classic features from the literature. The found features are unexpected and surprising, being very different from the classic features. Therefore, a method to interpret some of the found features in a physical context is presented.

Conclusions. The feature selection methodology described here is very general and can be used to improve the performance of machine learning models for any regression or classification task.
Verlängertes EKG-Monitoring nach ischämischem Schlaganfall
Authors: Häusler Karl Georg
Published: May 2018

Im Rahmen der diagnostischen Abklärung nach einem akuten ischämischen Schlaganfall wird eine zeitnahe EKG-Ableitung zum Nachweis eines bis dato nicht entdeckten
Vorhofflimmerns oder einer sonstigen Herzrhythmusstörung in Leitlinien empfohlen, da schätzungsweise 15–20 % aller ischämischen Schlaganfälle durch eine
kardiale Embolie auf der Grundlage eines Vorhofflimmerns bedingt werden. Bislang ist jedoch nicht abschließend geklärt, welche Schlaganfallpatienten ohne bis
dato bekannte Herzrhythmusstörung zusätzlich zur EKG-Ableitung in der Rettungsstelle und auf der Stroke Unit eine verlängerte EKG-Ableitung erhalten sollten.
Des Weiteren ist gemäß der aktuellen Studienlage noch offen, über welchen Zeitraum ein solches EKG-Monitoring erfolgen sollte bzw. finanzierbar ist. Der
(erstmalige) Nachweis von Vorhofflimmern, der unabhängig von der Dauer und Häufigkeit der Episoden gemäß geltender Leitlinienempfehlungen für Patienten mit
einem ischämischen Schlaganfall eine Indikation für eine orale Antikoagulation darstellt, wird in der klinischen Praxis dadurch erschwert, dass Vorhofflimmern
zumindest initial häufig nur intermittierend besteht und oft klinisch asymptomatisch ist. Gemäß der aktuellen Studienlage korreliert die Häufigkeit einer
erstmals detektierten Vorhofflimmer-Episode bei Schlaganfallpatienten mit der Dauer des EKG-Monitorings, der Qualität der EKG-Auswertung und der
Patientenselektion. Im Bestreben, die (Kosten-)Effizienz und Dauer eines verlängerten EKG-Monitorings bei Schlaganfallpatienten bestmöglich zu optimieren,
können klinische, laborchemische, echokardiografische und elektrokardiografische Parameter berücksichtigt werden. Neben der Darstellung der aktuellen
(Leitlinien-)Empfehlungen zur Dauer eines EKG-Monitorings nach ischämischem Schlaganfall werden im vorliegenden Artikel auch derzeit noch unbeantwortete
klinische Fragestellungen näher beleuchtet.
Gerinnungshemmende Therapie
Authors: Dempfle Carl-Erik
Published: May 2018

Eine gerinnungshemmende Therapie mit Vitamin-K-Antagonisten erfordert eine individuelle Dosisfindung und eine ständige Therapiekontrolle.

Die Wirkdauer insbesondere von Phenprocoumon ist mit bis zu 21 Tagen sehr lang und nicht vorhersehbar und verkürzt sich nach Vitamin-K-Gabe auf 2 Tage, es
besteht ein erhebliches Blutungsrisiko und der Schweregrad der Blutungen ist in der Regel höher als bei vergleichbaren Blutungen unter direkten oralen
Antikoagulanzien (DOAK). Für operative Eingriffe müssen Vitamin-K-Antagonisten meist abgesetzt werden, die Empfehlungen einer präoperativen 5-tägigen
Therapiepause ohne Überbrückung durch ein niedermolekulares Heparin für Warfarin sind auf Phenprocoumon nicht übertragbar. Bei Absetzen von DOAK wird eine
normale Hämostasefunktion hingegen in der Regel innerhalb von 24–48 Stunden erreicht. Längerfristige Behandlung mit Vitamin-K-Antagonisten führt häufig zu
Osteoporose und vermehrter Atherosklerose, sowie zu zunehmender Beeinträchtigung der Nierenfunktion, Effekte, die unter DOAK nicht beobachtet werden.

Spezielle Probleme für Vitamin K-Antagonisten ergeben sich bei Patienten mit Antiphospholipid-Syndrom, Protein C-Mangel, Protein S-Mangel oder Faktor VII-Mangel.
Für eine bevorzugte Verwendung von DOAK sprechen rascher Wirkbeginn, kurze und vorhersehbare Wirkdauer bei standardisierter Dosierung, weniger und weniger
schwere Blutungen, wesentlich einfacheres perioperatives Management und Vermeidung von Osteoporose und anderen Folgen der Vitamin-K-Antagonisten. Für die
zugelassenen Indikationen haben DOAK daher etliche Vorteile im Vergleich zu den Vitamin-K-Antagonisten. Es ist aber zu berücksichtigen, dass auch bei Verwendung
von DOAK eine gewissenhafte ärztliche Patientenführung nötig ist und die DOAK für einige Indikationen nicht zugelassen sind.
Validation of the “German Inflammatory Bowel Disease Activity Index (GIBDI)”: An Instrument for Patient-Based Disease Activity Assessment in Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Hüppe Angelika , Langbrandtner Jana , Häuser Winfried , Raspe Heiner , Bokemeyer Bernd
Published: May 2018

Introduction Assessment of disease activity in Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) is usually based on the physician’s evaluation of clinical symptoms, endoscopic findings, and biomarker analysis. The German Inflammatory Bowel Disease Activity Index for CD (GIBDICD) and UC (GIBDIUC) uses data from patient-reported questionnaires. It is unclear to what extent the GIBDI agrees with the physicians’ documented activity indices.

Methods Data from 2 studies were reanalyzed. In both, gastroenterologists had documented disease activity in UC with the partial Mayo Score (pMS) and in CD with the Harvey Bradshaw Index (HBI). Patient-completed GIBDI questionnaires had also been assessed. The analysis sample consisted of 151 UC and 150 CD patients. Kappa coefficients were determined as agreement measurements.

Results Rank correlations were 0.56 (pMS, GIBDIUC) and 0.57 (HBI, GIBDICD), with p < 0.001. The absolute agreement for 2 categories of disease activity (remission yes/no) was 74.2 % (UC) and 76.6 % (CD), and for 4 categories (none/mild/moderate/severe) 60.3 % (UC) and 61.9 % (CD). The kappa values ranged between 0.47 for UC (2 categories) and 0.58 for CD (4 categories).

Discussion There is satisfactory agreement of GIBDI with the physician-documented disease activity indices. GIBDI can be used in health care research without access to assessments of medical practitioners. In clinical practice, the index offers a supplementary source of information.
Verbesserte mikroskopische Diagnostik des ösophagealen Soorbefalls durch zusätzliche Zytospin-Analyse der Fixationslösung von Ösophagusbiopsien
Authors: Schröder Sören , Günther Thomas
Published: May 2018

Der Nachweis oder Ausschluss einer Soor-Ösophagitis, der häufigsten infektiösen Erkrankung der Speiseröhre, gehört zu den Standardaufgaben der diagnostischen Histopathologie. Die Pilzhyphen besiedeln überwiegend nur die obersten Schichten des ösophagealen Plattenepithels. Eine ungünstige Positionierung der Biopsiepartikel im Paraffinblock kann eine Ursache sein, weshalb die Biopsiehistologie ein falsch-negatives Ergebnis liefert. Die vorgelegte Untersuchung sollte prüfen, ob die hier bestehende diagnostische Lücke durch die Zytospin-Analyse der Fixationslösung verbessert werden kann.

Analysiert wurden von 150 konsekutiven Patienten mit klinischer Diagnose oder Fragestellung „Soor“ oder „Soor-Ösophagitis“ eingesandte Ösophagusbiopsien. Unter jeweiliger Verblindung des Pathologen hinsichtlich des Ergebnisses der anderen Analyse wurden parallel einerseits die Gewebsproben konventionell histologisch mittels Hämatoxylin-Eosin- und PAS-Färbung sowie andererseits Zytospin-Präparationen des üblicherweise nach Entnahme der Biopsien aus dem Einsendungsröhrchen entsorgten Formalins zytologisch auf den Nachweis von Pilzhyphen untersucht. Die zytologischen Präparate wurden ebenfalls PAS-gefärbt. Von den 89 Zytospin-positiven Fällen lag in 64 Fällen (71,9 %) ein positives Ergebnis der routinehistologischen Untersuchung vor. In den verbleibenden 25 Fällen (28,1 %) wurden Pilzhyphen histologisch erst bei Reevaluation der Originalschnitte (n = 6) oder nach kompletter Aufarbeitung des Paraffinblocks (n = 5) gesichert oder ließen sich auch nach vollständiger Aufarbeitung des Paraffinblocks nicht nachweisen (n = 14). Nur bei einem der 61 Zytospin-negativen Untersuchungsfälle erbrachte die Histologie einen positiven Candida-Nachweis und bei allen anderen Proben ein ebenfalls negatives Resultat.

Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die diagnostische Sicherheit beim Nachweis eines ösophagealen Soorbefalls um mehr als ein Viertel erhöht werden kann, wenn über die routinemäßig durchgeführte Histologie der Biopsieproben hinaus auch eine zytologische Analyse der Fixationslösung vorgenommen wird.
Advantages of Molecular Weight Identification during Native MS Screening
Authors: Khan Ahad , Bresnick Anne , Cahill Sean , Girvin Mark , Almo Steve , Quinn Ronald
Published: May 2018

Native mass spectrometry detection of ligand-protein complexes allowed rapid detection of natural product binders of apo and calcium-bound S100A4 (a member of the metal binding protein S100 family), T cell/transmembrane, immunoglobulin (Ig), and mucin protein 3, and T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM (immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif) domains precursor protein from extracts and fractions. Based on molecular weight common hits were detected binding to all four proteins. Seven common hits were identified as apigenin 6-C-β-D-glucoside 8-C-α-L-arabinoside, sweroside, 4′,5-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone-6-C-rutinoside, loganin acid, 6-C-glucosylnaringenin, biochanin A 7-O-rutinoside and quercetin 3-O-rutinoside. Mass guided isolation and NMR identification of hits confirmed the mass accuracy of the ligand in the ligand-protein MS complexes. Thus, molecular weight ID from ligand-protein complexes by electrospray ionization Fourier transform mass spectrometry allowed rapid dereplication. Native mass spectrometry using electrospray ionization Fourier transform mass spectrometry is a tool for dereplication and metabolomics analysis.
A Biomimetic Synthesis of des-Hydroxy Paecilospirone
Authors: Pettus Thomas , Feng Zhen-Gao , Burnett G.
Published: May 2018

The carbon framework of des-hydroxy paecilospirone was rapidly synthesized using a biomimetic approach whereby an enol ether and an ortho-quinone methide (o-QM), each derived from the same lactone, were combined to arrive at the complete carbon skeleton of paecilospirone.
Rechtskolumne: Höheres Honorar als Indiz für Freiberuflichkeit
Authors: Weimer Tobias
Published: May 2018

Wann ist ein Mitarbeiter selbstständig, wann als abhängig Beschäftigter tätig? Um diese Frage kommt es regelmäßig zu Konflikten zwischen Arbeitgebern und der Deutschen Rentenversicherung (DRV).
Elektronische Gesundheitsakte: Österreich marschiert voran
Authors: Bonnet Jens , Journalist Freier
Published: May 2018

Bis Ende 2018 muss in Deutschland die technische Basis zur Einführung einer elektronischen Patientenakte stehen. Österreich ist schon weiter. Hier startete Ende 2015 die Elektronische Gesundheitsakte (ELGA) – bis heute begleitet von zum Teil heftigen Protesten von Ärzten und Datenschützern. Die große Mehrheit der Versicherten nimmt ELGA an, nur rund drei Prozent nutzten bislang ihr verbrieftes Ausstiegsrecht.
Catering im Krankenhaus: „Früher versorgt, heute bewirtet“
Authors: Grether Thomas
Published: May 2018

Das Deutsche Krankenhaus Institut sieht einen deutlichen Trend zum Outsourcing der Krankenhausküchen. Heute kochen noch mehrheitlich eigene GmbHs – „der Trend geht zur Fremdvergabe“.
Sodexo-Manager qualifiziert Küchen-Mitarbeiter: „Wir versuchen, niemanden entlassen zu müssen“
Authors: Grether Thomas
Published: May 2018

Kosten runter, in Ausbildung und Ausstattung investieren, Qualität der Speisen erhöhen. Auf diese einfache Formel könnte man bringen, was der französische Caterer Sodexo in deutschen Krankenhaus-Küchen nach eigenen Angaben leistet.
Branche in Zahlen
Authors: Grether Thomas
Published: May 2018

Dieser Artikel ist nur als PDF-Dokument verfügbar.
In Strategische prozesse der Klinik Einbinden: Facility Manager bringen Erfahrungen aus anderen Branchen mit
Authors: Weixler Otto Kajetan
Published: May 2018

Von der Industrie lernen, heißt optimieren lernen – auch aus ganz fremden Industrien. Wie Dienstleister Prozesse verbessern können, die auch dem Patienten mehr Aufmerksamkeit und Wohlbehagen schenken.
Deutsche Rentenversicherung Bund: Qualitätsanreize in der medizinischen Rehabilitation gezielt setzen
Authors: Roßbach Gundula
Published: May 2018

Ziel der Deutschen Rentenversicherung ist eine qualitativ hochwertige Rehabilitation, die an der dauerhaften Teilhabe am Arbeitsleben und Integration ausgerichtet ist. Die medizinische Rehabilitation ist in den letzten Jahren durch eine kontinuierliche Qualitätsentwicklung gekennzeichnet. Ein wesentlicher Motor ist dabei die Qualitätssicherung. Deren Ergebnisse sollen künftig noch stärker genutzt werden.
The Guareschi–Thorpe Cyclization Revisited – An Efficient Synthesis of Substituted 2,6-Dihydroxypyridines and 2,6-Dichloropyridines
Authors: Eriksson Magnus , Zeng Xingzhong , Xu Jinghua , Reeves Diana , Busacca Carl , Farina Vittorio , Senanayake Chris
Published: May 2018

DBU as base is key in a practical modified Guareschi–Thorpe cyclization of β-keto esters and 2-cyanoacetamide to allow the synthesis of substituted pyridones in good to excellent yields. The chlorination of DBU salts of pyridones with POCl3 in the presence of a quaternary ammonium salt under standard atmospheric reflux conditions as opposed to the typical pressure equipment led to high yields of substituted 2,6-dichloropyridines.
Comparison of 1α-25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and IgE Levels between Allergic Rhinitis Patients and Healthy People
Authors: Demir Mehmet
Published: May 2018

Introduction Allergic rhinitis is one of the most common allergic diseases that cause a decrease in quality of life. Over the last decades, the increase in the number of cases is supposed to be a result of industrialization and lifestyle changes. Vitamin D, which is a steroid hormone, has a significant immunomodulatory and antioxidant role in the human body.

Objective The objective of the present study is to investigate the role of 1α-25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 levels in allergic rhinitis patients and to compare them to the levels found in the healthy population.

Methods A total of 256 participants were included in the present study. Allergic rhinitis is diagnosed with the help of the Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) guidelines confirmed through skin prick tests. Control subjects were selected among people without allergy history, which was also confirmed through skin prick tests. The levels of 1α-25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, immunoglobulin E (IgE), and eosinophil counts were measured in blood samples from both groups.

Results The mean value of serum levels of 1α-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 was 25.5 ± 3.74 in the allergic rhinitis group, and 31.58 ± 3.85 in the control subjects. This difference reveals statistically-decreased levels in the allergic rhinitis group (p < 0.05). The total IgE levels are increased in the allergic rhinitis group (p < 0.05) and negatively correlated with the serum levels of 1α-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (r = - 0.259, p < 0.05).

Conclusion Lower serum levels of 1α-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 were detected in the allergic rhinitis population. This data is also correlated to the IgE response in the study group. A supplement of 1α-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in deficient patients might be helpful to relieve symptoms and signs of allergic rhinitis, but further studies are needed.
Safety and Efficacy of Autologous Platelet-rich Fibrin on Graft Uptake in Myringoplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Nair Nithin , Alexander Arun , Abhishekh B. , Hegde Jyotirmay , Ganesan Sivaraman , Saxena Sunil
Published: May 2018

Introduction Chronic suppurative otitis media is a common ailment in developing countries, and it generally presents with otorrhea and hearing loss. Different surgical procedures have been used to treat otitis media; among them is myringoplasty, which is a procedure that includes repair of the tympanic membrane. Platelet concentrates have been used widely in different types of wounds and are found to improve wound healing. Hence, the use of platelet-rich fibrin in myringoplasty will also improve the tympanic membrane healing.

Objectives To assess the safety and efficacy of autologous platelet-rich fibrin on graft uptake in myringoplasty.

Methods Eighty-six patients were observed during the study period of two years. Forty-three patients in the study group underwent myringoplasty aided with platelet-rich fibrin, and 43 patients in the control group went through the same procedure but without the platelet-rich fibrin. The patients were observed for three months postoperatively by a blinded observer.

Results A total of 4.7% of the patients in the study group had postoperative infection, compared with a rate of 19% in the control group (p = 0.039). The graft uptake success rate was found to be 97.7% in the study group as compared with 81% in control group (p = 0.012). The results were found to be statistically significant.

Conclusion Being autologous in nature, and by comparing the groups, platelet-rich fibrin is safe for patients. The postoperative graft uptake rate is better in cases in which platelet-rich fibrin was used. The postoperative infection rate was also lower in the same group.