bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ukrainian School Christmas Drama of the XVIIth–XVIIIth Centuries and Puppet Nativity Play Theatre: Problem of Adaptation and Interpretation of a Musical Factor
Authors:   M. Rylskyi IASFE of the NAS of Ukraine, Korniy Lidiya
Published: August 2021

The article states that the Ukrainian baroque art has become differentiated into the high, middle and lower stylistic levels. There were certain connections between them, and new art genres appeared on the verges of these levels. The problem of the connection between distinct stylistic levels of the Ukrainian musical baroque has not yet attracted the attention of researchers. The study examines the links between the Ukrainian school Christmas drama of the XVIIth– XVIIIth centuries and the puppet Nativity play theatre. It is noted that for the first time a comparison of these two kinds of theatrical art is drawn in terms of the use of a musical factor in them. It is established that the first act of the Nativity play drama is related to the high style of Ukrainian Christmas school drama. This is revealed on the basis of analysing the dramatic functions of a Choir in both school drama and Nativity play drama. A choir in these spectacles took an active part in revealing the Christmas story, playing the role of a character. What they had in common was the genre of spiritual chant with the syllabic versification. Despite its association with the high style of school drama, the Nativity play drama was a quite new theatrical genre that belongs to the middle stylistic level. Focusing on the folk environment, authors of the Nativity play drama intelligibly conveyed to a wide audience the sacred plot. It is noted that in the second act of the Nativity scene were adapted interludes of school dramas, which represented the lower stylistic level of the Baroque. In this act, a funny line came to the fore, and a musical component is marked by influences of the Ukrainian musical folklore with a predominance of its dancing variety. The interaction of folklore with the lower version of the Baroque had a great potential for the further development of the Ukrainian national theatre. Due to the fact that music was an integral part of the puppet Nativity play drama and played an important dramatic function, this theatrical spectacle, like some school dramas, had the features of the drama with music genre. Thus, school drama and Nativity play drama created the foundation, on which in the XIXth century, the Ukrainian dramaturgy emerged, with a significant role of the musical factor in it, which was essentially a drama with music.
Regional Features of Planning and Decorative Housing Traditions of Slobozhanshchyna
Authors:   Kharkiv State Academy of Design and Arts, Sushko Valentyna
Published: August 2021

Folk architecture is one of the markers of ethnic culture. Builders had to take into account the features of natural conditions, with using natural materials of their dwelling area. However, abode is still the embodiment of the ideal of beauty and comfort, so even while moving to another region, people tried to recreate the ideal under new conditions. Since the reputable researchers of Slobozhanshchyna Ukrainians’ ethno-culture Mykola Sumtsov, Stefan Taranushenko and others convincingly proved the Hutsuls’ participation in the settlement of Sloboda Ukraine in the XVIIth century, it seems interesting to conduct a comparative analysis of folk architecture of Slobozhanshchyna and Hutsulshchyna Ukrainians. Materials from expeditions to Slobozhanshchyna and the 2012 exploration journey to Hutsulshchyna became the ground for our studies. Comparison of planning and decoration solutions, as well as principles of housing of Ukrainians in different parts of Ukraine proves their all-Ukrainian character. Changes in housing construction and decoration materials are caused by socio-economic transformations. However, the significance of a House for Ukrainians remains unchanged.
Yakiv Holovatskyi’s Creative Contacts with Figures of Slavonic Countries in the Context of Intercultural Relations in the First Half of the XIXth Century
Authors:   Ivan Franko Lviv National University, Tsyhanyk Myroslava
Published: August 2021

The article examines in detail the personal and creative contacts of Yakiv Holovatskyi with scholars and cultural-and-public figures of the West Slavonic and South Slavonic nations from the inception of the Ruthenian Triad circle in the 1830s to the early 1850s. The analysis of the problem’s historiography has shown that, despite the territorial fragmentation of Ukrainian lands (the increased control by the Austrian Empire and strict restrictions by the Russian Empire), the Ukrainians of the first half of the XIXth century managed to consolidate their forces and create strong interrelations for the implementation of common Slavonic ideas and the establishment of each nation as a separate independent state unit. The study focuses on the participation of Yakiv Holovatskyi in the socio-cultural processes of the first half of the XIXth century, which led to the development of Ukrainian society in Halychyna and its European integration. A particular attention is paid to aspects of scientific worldview formation of Yakiv Holovatskyi as a folklorist. There is also mentioned the influence of Polish field researchers and ethnographers on his interest in the folklore and ethnographic sphere, which became a priority part of all scientific activity of the Halychyna figure under study and marked the release of the four-volume edition Folk Songs of Halychyna Ruthenia and Hungarian Ruthenia. The article’s authoress reveals Yakiv Holovatskyi’s contacts with figures from the Czech, Slovak, Serbian, Croatian, and Slovenian countries. Thus, the results of Holovatskyi’s cooperation with the Slavonic world are presented and the importance of intercultural relations for the further scientific and artistic development of Ukraine as a nation is emphasized. On the basis of archival materials, the article supplements the list of works carried out by Yakiv Holovatskyi through collaboration with West Slavonic and South Slavonic nations, who treated the scholar as an equal and valued his knowledge in the field of Slavonic studies, history, ethnography, and folklore of the Ukrainian Ciscarpathians. It is proved that throughout his creative career, Yakiv Holovatskyi was a priority link in cultural and scientific relations among the Eastern, Southern and Western Slavs.
Historical Civil Registration Record Transcription Using an eXtreme Model Driven Approach
Authors: Khan Rafflesia , Schieweck Alexander , Breathnach Ciara , Margaria Tiziana
Published: August 2021

Modelling is considered as a universal approach to define and simplify real-world applications through appropriate abstraction. Model-driven system engineering identifies and integrates appropriate concepts, techniques, and tools which provide important artefacts for interdisciplinary activities. In this paper, we show how we used a model-driven approach to design and improve a Digital Humanities dynamic web application within an interdisciplinary project that enables history students and volunteers of history associations to transcribe a large corpus of image-based data from the General Register Office (GRO) records. Our model-driven approach generates the software application from data, workflow and GUI abstract models, ready for deployment.
What Software Architecture Styles are Popular?
Authors: Mitsyuk Alexey Alexandrovich , Jamgaryan Nikolay Arsenovich
Published: August 2021

One can meet the software architecture style's notion in the software engineering literature. This notion is considered important in books on software architecture and university sources. However, many software developers are not so optimistic about it. It is not clear, whether this notion is just an academic concept, or is actually used in the software industry. In this paper, we measured industrial software developers' attitudes towards the concept of software architecture style. We also investigated the popularity of eleven concrete architecture styles. We applied two methods. A developers’ survey was applied to estimate developers' overall attitude and define what the community thinks about the automatic recognition of software architecture styles. Automatic crawlers were applied to mine the open-source code from the GitHub platform. These crawlers identified style smells in repositories using the features we proposed for the architecture styles. We found that the notion of software architecture style is not just a concept of academics in universities. Many software developers apply this concept in their work. We formulated features for the eleven concrete software architecture styles and developed crawlers based on these features. The results of repository mining using the features showed which styles are popular among developers of open-source projects from commercial companies and non-commercial communities. Automatic mining results were additionally validated by the Github developers survey.
Mechanized Theory of Event Structures: A Case of Parallel Register Machine
Authors: Gladstein Vladimir , Mikhailovskii Dmitrii , Moiseenko Evgenii , Trunov Anton
Published: August 2021

The true concurrency models, and in particular event structures, have been introduced in the 1980s as an alternative to operational interleaving semantics of concurrency, and nowadays they are regaining popularity. Event structures represent the causal dependency and conflict between the individual atomic actions of the system directly. This property leads to a more compact and concise representation of semantics. In this work-in-progress report, we present a theory of event structures mechanized in the COQ proof assistant and demonstrate how it can be applied to define certified executable semantics of a simple parallel register machine with shared memory.
Generation of Petri Nets Using Structural Property-Preserving Transformations
Authors: Nesterov Roman , Savelyev Semyon
Published: August 2021

In this paper, we present an approach to the generation of Petri nets exhibiting desired structural and behavioral properties. Given a reference Petri net, we apply a collection of local refinement transformations, which extends the internal structure of the reference model. The correctness of applying these transformations is justified via Petri net morphisms and by the fact that transformations do not add new deadlocks to Petri nets. We have designed two Petri net refinement algorithms supporting the randomized and fixed generation of models. These algorithms have been implemented and evaluated within the environment of the Carassius Petri net editor. The proposed approach can be applied to evaluate and conduct experiments for algorithms operating with Petri nets.
Real-Time Analytics, Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing, In-Memory Data Management, and Non-Volatile Memory
Authors: Kuznetsov Sergey Dmitrievich , Velikhov Pavel Evgenievich , Fu Qiang
Published: August 2021

These days, real-time analytics is one of the most often used notions in the world of databases. Broadly, this term means very fast analytics over very fresh data. Usually the term comes together with other popular terms, hybrid transactional/analytical processing (HTAP) and in-memory data processing. The reason is that the simplest way to provide fresh operational data for analysis is to combine in one system both transactional and analytical processing. The most effective way to provide fast transactional and analytical processing is to store an entire database in memory. So on the one hand, these three terms are related but on the other hand, each of them has its own right to life. In this paper, we provide an overview of several in-memory data management systems that are not HTAP systems. Some of them are purely transactional, some are purely analytical, and some support real-time analytics. Then we overview nine in-memory HTAP DBMSs, some of which don't support real-time analytics. Existing real-time in-memory HTAP DBMSs have very diverse and interesting architectures although they use a number of common approaches: multiversion concurrency control, multicore parallelization, advanced query optimization, just in time compilation, etc. Additionally, we are interested whether these systems use non-volatile memory, and, if yes, in what manner. We conclude that an emergence of new generation of NVM will greatly stimulate its use in in-memory HTAP systems.
Localized Lama Gradual Typing
Authors: Kryshtapovich Viktor Sergeevich
Published: August 2021

Gradual typing is a modern approach for combining benefits of static typing and dynamic typing. Although scientific research aim for soundness of type systems, many of languages intentionally make their type system unsound for speeding up performance. This paper describes an implementation of a dialect for Lama programming language that supports gradual typing with explicit annotation of dangerous parts of code. The target of current implementation is to grant type safety to programs while keeping their power of untyped expressiveness. This paper covers implementation issues and properties of created type system. Finally, some perspectives on improving precision and soundness of type system are discussed.
HTTP-Request Classification in Automatic Web Application Crawling
Authors: Lapkina Anna Vadimovna , Petukhov Andrew Alexandrovitch
Published: August 2021

The problem of automatic requests classification, as well as the problem of determining the routing rules for the requests on the server side, is directly connected with analysis of the user interface of dynamic web pages. This problem can be solved at the browser level, since it contains complete information about possible requests arising from interaction interaction between the user and the web application. In this paper, in order to extract the classification features, using data from the request execution context in the web client is suggested. A request context or a request trace is a collection of additional identification data that can be obtained by observing the web page JavaScript code execution or the user interface elements changes as a result of the interface elements activation. Such data, for example, include the position and the style of the element that caused the client request, the JavaScript function call stack, and the changes in the page's DOM tree after the request was initialized. In this study the implementation of the Chrome Developer Tools Protocol is used to solve the problem at the browser level and to automate the request trace selection.
Power Fx: Low-code Language for Collaboration Tools
Authors: Voronkov Ilia Alexandrovich , Saradgishvili Sergey Erikovich
Published: August 2021

The paper provides an overview of the first impression of the language for implementation low code of approach. About a month has passed since the release date.
LOCALIZACIÓN DE ÁRBOLES DE CHIRRACA (MYROXYLON PERUIFERUM, FABACEAE) EN SAN RAMÓN DE ALAJUELA A PARTIR DE LA NOVELA JUAN VARELA
Authors: Aguilar-Sandí Diego
Published: August 2021

Recibido: 22-02-2020

Aprobado: 27-03-2020

 RESUMEN

La presencia en Costa Rica de árboles de la especie Myroxylon peruiferum (Fabaceae), conocidos como chirracos o chirracas, se confirmó en el año 2019 con base en recolectas botánicas realizadas en los cantones de Acosta, Mora y Santa Ana. Hasta entonces, no había evidencia de su presencia en San Ramón de Alajuela. En noviembre de 2019 y enero de 2020, se hicieron dos recolectas de esta especie en la cuenca del río Barranca en San Ramón que fueron depositadas en el Herbario Luis A. Fournier Origgi (USJ) de la Universidad de Costa Rica. El objetivo de este artículo es evidenciar cómo a partir de la lectura de la novela Juan Varela, escrita por Adolfo Herrera García y publicada en 1939, se lograron ubicar esos árboles. Esta investigación estuvo orientada por la pregunta ¿puede una obra literaria servir de insumo para emprender una expedición botánica que permita ubicar una especie en un sitio determinado? Respuesta que resultó afirmativa en el caso que aquí se trata.
TESTAMENTOS DE MUJERES GUANACASTECAS: UN APORTE A LA HISTORIA REGIONAL DE GUANACASTE, COSTA RICA. 1774-1826
Authors: Solano Muñoz Edgar
Published: August 2021

Recibido: 29-05-2010Aprobado: 24-07-2020

El propósito del artículo es explicar las cualidades de los textos testamentarios a partir de una muestra de 18 testamentos de mujeres guanacastecas entre 1774-1826. Para ello, se utilizan protocolos coloniales que contienen la “última voluntad” de mujeres que llevaron sus vidas y su actividad productiva en el contexto de la hacienda ganadera. Se concluye que los manifestado en las clausulas testamentarias nos provee insumos para interpretar el imaginario religioso y la participación de las mujeres dentro de la actividad ganadera del norte de Costa Rica en el siglo XVIII.
Portada, Editorial e Índice.
Authors: Nuñez Moya Jáirol
Published: August 2021

Jáirol Núñez Moya

Director Revista Herencia
HISTORIA Y NARRACIONES ARTÍSTICAS SOBRE NUESTRA SEÑORA DE UJARRÁS
Authors: Bonilla Soto Luis Carlos
Published: August 2021

Recibido: 10-03-2010

Aprobado: 29-05-2020

Resumen

El arte sacro narra historias sobre las creencias de los pueblos y sobre la historia de los seres humanos alrededor del mundo. En Costa Rica, Nuestra Señora de Ujarrás ha sido venerada desde 1565. Primero en el Valle de Ujarrás y luego en Paraíso de Cartago. Esta advocación de Santa María Virgen ha sido representada mediante distintas formas en las artes, tales como esculturas, vitrales, pinturas de caballete y murales. De este modo, esta investigación presenta las obras de arte más importantes que se vinculan a su culto.
MANEJO DE LA FUERZA Y LA VELOCIDAD DEL AGUA: SECTOR ESTE DEL SISTEMA HIDRÁULICO DEL SITIO ARQUEOLÓGICO MONUMENTO NACIONAL GUAYABO DE TURRIALBA
Authors: Arroyo Wong María Gabriela
Published: August 2021

Recibido: 04-07-2020

Aprobado: 24-07-2020

El sistema hidráulico del sitio arqueológico Monumento Nacional Guayabo se extiende más allá del núcleo arquitectónico donde se ubica el “sistema mayor”, posterior a su evacuación, el agua se dirige hacia el este por medio de canalizaciones abiertas, en las cuales es posible encontrar evidencia de estructuras diseñadas para el manejo de la fuerza y velocidad de la misma hasta desembocar en el río Lajitas.
MONSEÑOR THIEL Y LA NATURALEZA EN COSTA RICA
Authors: Hilje Quirós Luko
Published: August 2021

Recibido: 02-03-2020

Aprobado: 27-03-2020

Durante su mandato como obispo de Costa Rica (1880-1901), el polifacético sacerdote alemán Bernardo Augusto Thiel no se limitó a sus exigentes funciones eclesiásticas, sino que incursionó en la etnografía, la lingüística, la antropología, la historia y la demografía. En el presente artículo se documenta una faceta más, referida a las ciencias biológicas. Ello se manifestó en numerosas anotaciones acerca de la flora y la fauna en sus crónicas de viaje, escritas durante sus jornadas de evangelización en territorios indígenas. Además, tuvo una colección de objetos arqueológicos y de aves, entre las que figuró Iridophanes pulcherrimus aureinucha, recolectada en Ecuador y después descrita como una subespecie nueva para la ciencia. Finalmente, impulsó acciones para el desarrollo de un medicamento antiofídico de origen vegetal, y expresó con vehemencia su preocupación por la deforestación que ya se percibía en el país.
LUGARES, IDENTIDAD Y CULTURA MATERIAL: EL USO DE PULPERÍAS Y SUPERMERCADOS COMO PUNTOS DE REFERENCIA
Authors: Bolaños Carpio Alexa
Published: August 2021

Recibido: 04-01-2021.

Aprobado: 18-03-2021.

Este artículo examina las pulperías y los supermercados como puntos de referencia usados en las direcciones “a la tica” y pretende evidenciar su lazo identitario con las comunidades. Este estudio es cualitativo y los datos son llamadas telefónicas al Servicio de Emergencias 9-1-1 en Costa Rica. Los resultados arrojan que pulperías y supermercados son objetos de la cultura material y forman parte del entorno material cotidiano de los pueblos, pues evidencian aspectos identitarios de estos. Las pulperías evidencian la vida del barrio y las compras diarias y los supermercados muestran el cambio en los hábitos de consumo a gran escala en la comunidad y las diferentes interacciones con quienes trabajan allí. Se concluye que las pulperías se tornan puntos de referencia por procesos de significado cultural, frecuencia de encuentro y prominencia; mientras que los supermercados lo logran a partir de los procesos de grandes objetos inmóviles y frecuencia de encuentro.
EL CARIBE COLOMBIANO EN IMÁGENES: EXPEDICIONES EXTRANJERAS EN TORNO AL TERREMOTO EN PANAMÁ A FINALES DEL SIGLO XIX
Authors: Gómez Castaño Leguis Antonio
Published: August 2021

Recibido: 24-01-2021.

Aprobado: 15-03-2021.

En 1882 la región de Panamá sufrió el que es tal vez el peor evento sísmico de su historia. Junto con la construcción del gran canal que se estaba construyendo, el terremoto despertó el interés de científicos extranjeros quienes viajaron al Caribe Colombiano a visitar la región. Como consecuencia de dichas visitas llevadas a cabo entre 1882 y 1886, se produjo un archivo fotográfico que este trabajo intenta rescatar.
MURALISMO MEXICANO: “MIGUEL HIDALGO ABOLIENDO LA ESCLAVITUD” DE JOSÉ CLEMENTE OROZCO
Authors: Vizconde Meneses Carlos
Published: August 2021

Recibido: 24-02-2021.

Aprobado: 22-03-2021.

La época post revolucionaria en México se encuentra marcada por el ambiente político mundial y los intentos de generar una identidad nacional. Esta última fue creada con la necesidad de unificar y moldear un paradigma de temáticas en torno a México; presentando así una imagen de país con culturas ancestrales. La ideología política del siglo XX define dos puntos de vista y paradigmas con respecto al arte. La primera es el liberalismo económico de lado de las grandes potencias occidentales; el segundo pertenece al bloque socialista – comunista, protagonizado por la Unión Soviética. En México, las nuevas ideologías ampliaron las diversas perspectivas hacia el papel del arte: un enfoque utilitarista y político; contra un conceptualismo creciente, el cual dejaba de lado al objeto o la finalidad didáctica.Bajo las características propias de su tiempo, el artista José Clemente Orozco pinta una serie de murales en las escaleras del Palacio de Gobierno de Guadalajara. En el mural central de la obra, se observa un Miguel Hidalgo efectista: un brazo arriba y una antorcha en la otra. El padre de la patria mexicana es graficado de manera particular. Es así como el artista lo rodea de distintos elementos y conceptos. Orozco presenta una interpretación personal del cura de Dolores; la cual, a su vez, responde a las ideas propias del artista hacia el escenario político y social del México post revolucionario. ¿De qué manera es presentado Miguel Hidalgo bajo la perspectiva de José Clemente Orozco? Como hipótesis, señalo que la representación del muralista no es de carácter heroico o hierático; por el contrario, Hidalgo es representado como parte del paradigma político de la post revolución.
OBRAS ARTÍSTICAS DE LOS TALLERES STUFLESSER EN LAS IGLESIAS DE LA ARQUIDIÓCESIS DE SAN JOSÉ, COSTA RICA. UN ESTADO DE LA CUESTIÓN
Authors: Bonilla Soto Luis Carlos
Published: August 2021

Recibido: 24-12-2020.

Aprobado: 05-04-2021.

En la Iglesia costarricense existe una tendencia marcada a exaltar las obras de arte sacro traídas al país desde los talleres del escultor Ferdinand Stuflesser y sus generaciones descendientes. Este artículo es un esfuerzo de síntesis, en el que se describe la ubicación, temáticas, estado de conservación y amenazas que sufren las distintas obras procedentes de tan aclamados talleres.
EL TAMAL Y LA TRADICIÓN TAMALERA EN COSTA RICA
Authors: Sedó Masís Patricia
Published: August 2021

Recibido: 12-01-2021.

Aprobado: 25-03-2021.

Este trabajo presenta una descripción de aspectos socioculturales, gastronómicos y nutricionales del tamal en Costa Rica, a partir de una revisión documental y 50 entrevistas realizadas a personas portadoras de la tradición, durante el 2014 y 2019. La tradición tamalera reúne un conjunto de saberes y prácticas de alto valor cultural, socio productivo y nutricional. Hay diferencias según ingredientes, procedimientos, nombres dados en las localidades, así como en envolturas y acompañamientos en la mesa. Trasciende la necesidad de alimentarse, y otorga un sentido de pertenencia e identidad. La complejidad en su elaboración, la percepción negativa sobre su composición, la pérdida en la herencia familiar de las recetas, la mayor oferta comercial de tamales y el cambio alimentario con predilección por otros productos, figuran entre los aspectos que más afectan la tradición. No obstante, se valora como un alimento artesanal que conserva los sabores familiares e insustituibles. Este trabajo constituye un insumo para el desarrollo de estrategias integrales que contribuyan con la conservación y difusión del patrimonio alimentario del país.
Isolation and characterization of broad host-range of bacteriophages infecting Cronobacter sakazakii and its biocontrol potential in dairy products
Authors: Li Huaxiang , Yang Xiao-jun , Zhu Xiao-yan , Gao Lu , Rao Sheng-qi , Yuan Lei , Yang Zhen-quan
Published: August 2021

Cronobacter sakazakii (C. sakazakii) is an important pathogen contaminating dairy products (e.g., milk pow-der) and causes high mortality in infants. Bacteriophage as a potential biocontrol agent is a good alternative method for the control of this pathogen in dairy production and its environment. Thus, it is important to complete the C. sakazakii phage library by isolating and characterizing the broad host range of bacteriophage against C. sakazakii for control use. In this study, C. sakazakii strains from different sources were used as hosts to isolate and purify phages from human stool and sewage samples by double-layer plates. The biological characteristics, antibacterial properties, and genomes of these phages were then studied. Finally, ten virulent phages (EspYZU01–EspYZU10) infecting C. sakazakii were isolated and identified as belonging to the Myoviridae, Podoviridae, Tectivirus, and Stylovinidae families. Phage EspYZU08 presented the broadest host range and could infect all the five host strains of C. sakazakii. All 10 phages retained their infectivity at 50°C and pH 5–9. Both genomes of EspYZU05 and EspYZU08 were double-stranded DNAs with sizes of 41723 bp and 145582 bp, G+C contents of 55.69% and 46.75%, and open reading frames of 47 and 103, respectively. No toxins and antibiotic resistance genes were detected in both EspYZU05 and EspYZU08. Phage EspYZU08 and phage cocktail-3 (EspYZU01 + EspYZU03 + EspYZU08 + EspYZU09 + EspYZU10) presented excellent antibacterial efficacy for C. sakazakii in liquid broth and milk at 4°C, 25°C, and 37°C, suggesting that the phages in this study have great potential for the development of biocontrol agents against C. sakazakii in dairy and its processing environment.
Why Mobility Justice Means Prioritising Accessible Walking Environments
Authors: Mullen Caroline Anne
Published: August 2021

Promotion of active travel is a fixture in transport policy and planning. Yet, this paper argues, walking and the availability of comprehensive and accessible pedestrian environments have an importance for mobility justice and sustainability which is not currently recognised. The paper investigates how and why walking provision matters for justice, and explores what this means for decision-making affecting mobility systems and the built environment. It begins with an argument that a coherent conception of mobility justice would be simultaneously concerned with environmental and social implications of transport since both affect people’s physical lives, welfare and flourishing. That requirement frames the types of mobility systems which could be compatible with justice, and points to a need for prioritisation of active travel far beyond current policy and practice. Specifically, the need for environmental sustainability coupled with social inclusion creates a case for systematically prioritising provision for walking over other mobility. This means the removal of all forms of barriers to walking so that no one is excluded by severance, impassable surfaces or lack of safety.
What Drives Us to Walk: Understanding Components and Processes of Behaviour Change Towards Active Mobility
Authors: Millonig Alexandra
Published: August 2021

Walking is widely promoted as a healthy and sustainable way to get around. Still, although the benefits of walking are undisputed, it is equally known that most people walk much less than they could and should do. This article explores this discrepancy from the angle of human behaviour change processes and applies a theoretically grounded systematics for identifying the most important barriers against walking. This is followed by a description of behaviour types and related behaviour change motives to inspire strategies and arguments to address different types of target groups. The proposed framework can support the selection of measures and strategies to increase walking in different environments and addressing specific social groups.
Protocol for nuclei isolation from fresh and frozen tissues using Salty-Ez10 buffer: compatible with snRNA-Seq and Multiome workflows from 10x Genomics v4
Authors: G Martelotto Luciano
Published: August 2021

This is a protocol in development, which means it has not yet tested/challenged with multiple samples. So, please make sure you take it for a test drive before committing to it. Once you do please share your experience with me via email, Twitter or as a comment. In this version I labelled DTT as optional since after further testing I have not seen any difference with or without in snRNA-Seq workflow. Also, I recommend WRB1 for snRNA-Seq workflow only (although still works fine for Multiome) and WRB2 for both snRNA-Seq and Multiome workflows. Since WRB2 is 10x Genomics' recommendation for Multiome I have adopted this for this workflow. I include a discussion about cycling during cDNA amp.
To study the outcome of exchange transfusion in severe neonatal sepsis in neonates admitted in NICU at Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar memorial hospital, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Paediatrics, Pt. J.N.M. Medical College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India, Rao Dr. Badri Narayan , Dewangan Dr. Shashikant ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Paediatrics, Pt. J.N.M. Medical College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India, Singh Dr. Vikas Kumar ,   Postgraduate, Department of Paediatrics, Pt. J.N.M. Medical College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
Published: August 2021

Background: Sepsis is one of the most common causes of neonatal mortality and morbidity.Immaturity of the immune system, newborn infants are highly susceptible to systemic infection.Blood exchange transfusion in severe neonatal sepsis remove bacteria, bacterial toxins, andcirculating pro-inflammatory cytokines, improve perfusion and tissue oxygenation, correct theplasma coagulation system and enhance immunological defence mechanisms. Material andmethods: This is a hospital-based, time-bound, analytical observational study conducted fromJanuary 2019 to December 2019 in the NICU of Dr. B.R.A.M. Hospital & Pt. J. N. M. Medical College,Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India. The data was collected in pre-designed proforma, entered in MicrosoftExcel and analysis was done using SSPS v 22.0. Result: About 42 neonates were diagnosed withsevere neonatal severe. Of which 23 (54.76%) were preterm, 42.24% were term neonates.Maximum 22 (52.38%) were VLBW, 4.76% were LBW and 19.05% were with normal birth weight. Inthe study two-third of 28 (66.67%) were outborn and one third were inborn. In the present studymajority of 30 (71.43%) had EOS and 12 (28.57%) had LOS. In our study out of 42 study subjects24 (57.14%) died and 18 (42.86%) were discharged after blood exchange transfusion. Of those whodied 15 (62.5%) were preterm and of those discharged 10 (55.6%) were term neonates (p=0.349).Outborn neonates more died as compare to inborn though this was also not significant (p=0.133).Conclusion: significant reduction of mortality in patients who underwent exchange transfusion,together with the no adverse effects observed, suggest that this procedure should be considered forthe treatment of neonates with severe sepsis.
Metachromatic Leukodystrophy (MLD): A Rare Genetic Disorder in child
Authors:   Associate professor, Department of Pediatrics, DY Patil school of medicine, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Sonawane Dr. Vijay B. , Kotrasheti Dr. V. ,   Professor, Department of Pediatrics DY Patil school of medicine, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Bainade Dr. Kapil ,   Associate professor, Department of Pediatrics DY Patil school of medicine, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Deshpande Dr. Vedashree ,   Junior resident, Department of Pediatrics, DY Patil school of medicine, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Published: August 2021

Metachromatic leukodystrophy is a rare hereditary neurodegenerative disorder that causes fattysubstances to build up in cells, particularly in the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves. This iscaused by a deficiency of an enzyme that helps break down lipids called sulfatides. We present acase of a four-year-old boy born of non-consanguinous marriage with complaints of progressive lossof fully developed motor milestones as the inability to walk and sit (regression of achieved motormilestones). The patient was diagnosed with MLD based on whole xome sequencing and dischargedon symptomatic care and physiotherapy to improve the patient's quality of life.
Ocular Manifestations Of Carotid Cavernous Fistula and Clinical Outcome After Management
Authors:   MS Ophthalmology Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, NRI Medical College and General Hospital, Chinnakakani, Guntur Dist, Andhra Pradesh, India, Gantela Dr. Sirisha , Chowdary Dr. N. Lakshmi ,   MS Ophthalmology Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, NRI Medical College and General Hospital, Chinnakakani, Guntur Dist, Andhra Pradesh, India, Satyanarayana Dr. M. ,   MD DM Neuroradiology Interventional radiologist Associate professor, Department of Radiology, NRI Medical College and General Hospital, Chinnakakani, Guntur Dist, Andhra Pradesh, India
Published: August 2021

Aim: The purpose of the study is to report the ocular manifestations of Carotid cavernous fistula. Toconfirm the diagnosis by radiological investigations and to evaluate the clinical outcome aftermanagement. Materials and Methods: Patients who presented to the ophthalmology departmentwith signs and symptoms of carotid-cavernous fistula were evaluated by clinical examinationfollowed by radiological investigations like ultrasound, Doppler, CT scan and MRI. They laterunderwent DSA ( Digital Subtraction Angiography) for confirmation followed by definitive treatment.Results: Out of four patients who had direct CCF, three cases were managed by endovascularembolization of the parent artery. The remaining one case was conservatively managed by carotidmassage as it was a low flow fistula and the patient also had Parkinson’s disease. Four cases thathad indirect CCF were managed by carotid massage. Complete closure of the fistula is seen in allcases. Patients were followed up for 1 month, 3 months and 6 months and clinical outcome wasevaluated. Conclusion: CCF should be suspected in the presence of arteriolised conjunctivalvessels, proptosis and audible bruit. Diagnosis is by radiological tests like ultrasonography, Doppler,CT scan and MRI. The confirmatory test is digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Direct CCF iseffectively treated with endovascular therapy by coiling the fistula and indirect CCF is managed bymanual compression. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent sight-threatening complications.
Analysis of Macroeconomic Indicators Against the Composite Stock Price Index (CSPI) in Indonesia: Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) Approach
Authors: Aminarta Afla Afifa , Kurniawan Mahrus Lutfi Adi
Published: August 2021

The Composite Stock Price Index (CSPI) is one indicator to determine economic growth. The Composite Stock Price Index (CSPI) is formed by counting the stocks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Macroeconomic conditions can influence the movement of the CSPI in a country. Macroeconomic indicators that affect the CSPI include inflation, exchange rates, and interest rates represented by the BI rate. This study aimed to determine how much influence the selected macroeconomic indicators had on the CSPI and determine the CSPI movement forecast. This study uses the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) as an estimation method. The research shows that the inflation, exchange rate, and BI rate variables do not affect the CSPI in the short term, and only the exchange rate variable affects the long term. Forecasting performed on variables shows an over-optimistic forecast for the exchange rate and BI rate variables.
Role of Education and Financial Market Development in Attracting Foreign Direct Investment Inflows in Pakistan
Authors: Mahmood Haider , Tanveer Muhammad
Published: August 2021

This paper has investigated the role of education and Financial Market Development (FMD) on the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows in Pakistan from 1970-2019. In the short run, education has a positive effect on FDI inflows. 1% increasing of government's spending on education would increase 0.361% of FDI inflows in Pakistan. Moreover, the FMD has a positive effect on FDI inflows in the short run. 1% increasing FMD may increase 0.0496% of FDI in the short run. Both education and FMD are supporting the FDI inflows in the short run. Comparatively, education shows a larger effect on FDI than that of FMD in the short run. However, FMD and government spending on education could not affect the FDI inflows in the long run. This paper recommends supporting education and financial markets to attract FDI inflows in Pakistan.
THE COVID-19 CONTAGION AND MENTAL HEALTH OF THE STUDENTS
Authors: Atta Malik Amer , Ullah Azmat , Salah-Ud-Din Bushra , Bibi Sadia
Published: August 2021

Purpose of the study: The main purpose of the study was to find out “the effect of covid-19 contagion and mental health of the students at higher secondary schools in Dera Ismail Khan”.

Methodology: The descriptive method of research was used in this study. Convenient and snowball sampling techniques were used to get the required data. For data analysis mean, standard deviation, p-value, and t-distribution were used.

Main Findings: It was found that parents’ perceptions were very positive as 77.9 % of parents agreed with the 15 statements of the questionnaire. The difference between the perceptions of urban and rural parents remained insignificant and their perceptions were nearly similar about the topic under research. So, Pakistan should adopt all the necessary measures to restore the mental health of students through any means and at any cost.

Applications of this study: This current study is applicable in the mental health of high and higher secondary schools students of district Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Novelty/Originality of this study: The results of this research imitate its innovation. This research targeted to find the effect of corona various on the mental health of the higher secondary school students. This research will provide us with complete awareness about covid-19 and its effect on the mental health of higher secondary school students. This research provides us with a strong root for covid-19 and its effect on students' mental health and also provides us psychological treatment as well.
Wage Difference Between Formal Sector and Informal Sector Jobs; With Special Reference to the Labour Market in Sri Lanka
Authors: Parakrama Badullahewage Bharatha Prabath , Upeksha Badullahewage Shohani
Published: August 2021

It is globally understood that wage-based employment structure and wages are a central aspects of the labour force at work. The informal sector is ranging to a broader concept that is difficult to define. The formal–informal wage gap is crucial to understand labour market informality, especially in developing countries with the large informal sectors. The basic model is taken from Mincer (1974), and the study is primarily based on secondary data. The new dummy variable of Job_type and an interactive term were incorporated into the Mincer earning function to analyse wage differences between formal sector and informal sector jobs. The study concludes that there is a wage gap between the a formal and informal sector. Moreover, if a person engages in formal sector job with good education qualification and good working experience, he will be entitled for a higher wage rate. Policies that promote education and equal opportunities for workers in both formal and informal sectors would improve earnings for many workers by increasing productivity and incomes.
​​Habitat Manipulation: An Important Component of IPM in the Management of Webbing Caterpillar, Maruca vitrata (Geyer) in Pigeonpea
Authors: Kavitha Zadda , Vijayaraghavan C.
Published: August 2021

Background: Maruca vitrata is an economically important cryptic insect pest in pigeonpea. Caterpillar, the damaging stage hides in the webs thus escapes the contact with insecticides thus making an effective insecticide also ineffective. Hence, the role of some tall statured intercrops in the manipulation of pigeonpea crop environment for reducing the incidence of this webbing caterpillar was studied. Methods: Studies were conducted at NPRC, Vamban, Pudukottai dt., Tamil Nadu to study the effect of different intercrops in reducing the incidence of Maruca vitrata. During kharif 2016-17 and 2017-18, M. vitrata incidence was compared among the intercropping systems (pigeonpea with pearlmillet, sorghum and maize in 1:6 ratio) and sole pigeonpea crop. IPM modules were formulated in which botanical spray (NSKE 5% at bud initiation stage) and spray of recommended insecticide (indoxacarb 15.8 EC-0.7 ml/lt at flowering and 15 days later) were integrated with intercropping practice and tested for efficacy against this borer pest. Result: Intercropping of pigeonpea with pearlmillet was effective in managing the spotted pod borer. Coccinellids and spiders were more in intercropped pigeonpea than the sole pigeonpea crop. Synchronized flowering times of short duration pigeonpea and intercrops would have facilitated the transfer of natural enemies from intercrops to pigeonpea and this may be the one of the reasons for the lower insect population. IPM module I (pigeonpea intercropped with pearlmillet, NSKE and indoxacarb sprays) was effective in reducing the spotted pod borer damage. In IPM module I, yield of 770 kg/ha was obtained as against 550 kg/ha in sole pigeonpea crop. Among the IPM modules, high B:C ratio of 1:1.66 was recorded with IPM module I.
​Urdbean Leaf Crinkle Disease- Assessment of Seed Transmissibility and Its Effect on Yield and Seed Quality in Urdbean [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]
Authors: Priyanga T. , Latha T.K.S. , teja T. Ramya , Karthikeyan G. , Prabakar K.
Published: August 2021

Background: Urdbean leaf crinkle disease (ULCD) is one of the most devastating biotic stress factors which is responsible for drastic yield loss in urdbean [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]. The etiology of ULCD is still unknown and there are conflicting reports on its transmission through seed, insect vectors, grafting and infected sap. Methods: Per cent seed transmission of ULCD had been studied during kharif, rabi and summer during the year 2019-2020 under natural and insect proof conditions. The effect on yield and seed quality parameters due to ULCD infection was studied. Urdbean cultivar VBN 8 was used in the present study. Result: The per cent seed transmission of ULCD was recorded ranging from 52.88 to 71.64% under natural conditions. In the insect proof glasshouse condition, the seed transmission was 83.62%. All the yield and seed quality parameters were adversely affected upon ULCD infection. The reduction in yield was recorded as 64.36% over the uninfected healthy plants. In ULCD infected seeds, the germination was reduced (84%) as compared to healthy seeds (92%).
Unravelling the Role of Glomus mosseae in the Alleviation of Salinity Stress in Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]
Authors: Sarkar Moushree , Kundagrami Sabyasachi
Published: August 2021

Background: Salinity stress remains a chronic threat to pulses productivity in India. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi play a major role which influences plant growth, nutrient uptake and contributes to ecosystem processes under salt stress. The present study aims, to demonstrate the impact of Glomus mosseae (Gm), on physio-biochemical attributes of mungbean exposed to salinity. Methods: Two highly tolerant, two moderately susceptible and two highly susceptible mungbean lines were subjected to salinity stress alone and in presence of Gm under greenhouse. Result: Results revealed that Gm alleviates the salinity stress related alterations by improving the nutrient uptake and by balancing the ratio between K:Na, which impact directly the osmoregulation of the plants. Mycorrhiza inoculation also increased the proline content (23%), water-use efficiency (38%) and activity of different antioxidant enzymes in a significant manner providing efficient protection against salinity stress. All these positive impacts of Gm were duly reflected in a significant increase in grain yield (more than 2 fold increase) in mungbean. Interestingly, salt-induced retarded growth and decline in other biochemical parameters in susceptible lines recorded remarkable recovery following Gm inoculation.