bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of level of assurance, assurance provider type, and investors’ personality in greenhouse gases reporting for social responsible investment
Authors: Dal Nial Hawariah , Zakaria Zarina , Che Azmi Anna
Published: June 2024

Purpose

The study aims to evaluate how different types of assurors and investors’ Big Five personality traits affect the relationship between levels of assurance for Greenhouse Gas (GHG) reporting and individual investors' decision-making in social responsible investment (SRI).

Design/methodology/approach

This study adopted an experimental approach with 315 individual investors as participants.

Findings

The results show that there are some differences in the individual investors’ decision-making. Accountants are the preferred assuror. Type of assuror and level of assurance for GHG reporting affect investors’ decision-making, in the presence of different levels of investors’ personality traits, extraversion, openness, conscientiousness and neuroticism. However, individual investors with different levels of agreeableness do not have similar influence.

Originality/value

This study extends the literature on individual investors’ decision-making in socially responsible investment by examining the combination of the type of assuror, level of assurance and investors’ personality traits. This study also observes three different assurors, accountants, engineers and specialists and four different assurance levels – reasonable, hybrid, limited and not specified.
Examining the role of family and social factors on Islamic financial literacy: evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Rahayu Rita , Ali Syahril , Hidayah Raudhatul , Aulia Amalda
Published: June 2024

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the determinant factors of Islamic financial literacy (IFL) of the Z generation in Indonesia. As the role of family and social influence play an important role in shaping a person’s character, behavior and understanding, especially for the young generation in Indonesia, so this study proposed communication pattern in the family, financial socialization in family and social influence along with religiosity and sociodemographic factors as determinant factors of the IFL in Indonesia.

Design/methodology/approach

This study applied survey method with online questionnaire. There are 978 respondents from various provinces in Indonesia who were participated in this study. Then, data were analyzed by using Structural Equation Model.

Findings

Based on data analysis, this study found that communication pattern in the family, social influence, religiosity and sociodemographic factors have a significant influence on the IFL. Meanwhile, financial socialization in the family has no significant influence on IFL.

Practical implications

The results can be useful for Indonesian government especially in making decision and policy to encourage the increase in IFL in Indonesia.

Originality/value

This study has a theoretical contribution in providing comprehensive framework regarding the relationship between IFL and its underlying factors such as individual factors, family and social factors. In addition, this study also focused on the IFL of generation Z − an aspect that has been overlooked in previous studies.
Process-based modeling of energy consumption for multi-material FDM 3D printing
Authors: Yang Wenzhen , Liu Yu , Chen Jinghua , Chen Yanqiu , Shang Erwei
Published: June 2024

Purpose

This paper endeavors to create a predictive model for the energy consumption associated with the multi-material fused deposition modeling (FDM) printing process.

Design/methodology/approach

An online measurement system for monitoring power and temperature has been integrated into the dual-extruder FDM printer. This system enables a comprehensive study of energy consumption during the dual-material FDM printing process, achieved by breaking down the entire dual-material printing procedure into distinct operational modes. Concurrently, the analysis of the G-code related to the dual-material FDM printing process is carried out.

Findings

This work involves an investigation of the execution instructions that delineate the tooling plan for FDM. We measure and simulate the nozzle temperature distributions with varying filament materials. In our work, we capture intricate details of energy consumption accurately, enabling us to predict fluctuations in power demand across different operational phases of multi-material FDM 3D printing processes.

Originality/value

This work establishes a model for quantifying the energy consumption of the dual-material FDM printing process. This model carries significant implications for enhancing the design of 3D printers and advancing their sustainability in mobile manufacturing endeavors.
Differences in leading and learning professional learning communities
Authors: Plank Kara , Sanzo Karen L , Scribner Jay Paredes
Published: June 2024

Purpose

This study aims to understand how to develop, support and utilize professional learning community (PLCs) to build organizational capacity to support teacher learning and collaboration. Although literature highlights the importance of leadership in creating a PLC, there is little research on specific actions leaders can take to create an authentic, sustainable PLC.

Design/methodology/approach

We employed a multicase study approach at three school sites within the same district. Our research was guided by the following questions: (1) How are learning communities developed and sustained in school settings?; (2) What is the role of administrators in cultivating learning communities?; and (3) What factors contribute to and hinder the success of learning communities?

Findings

Despite being in the same school district, the three schools’ PLCs operated differently. The schools displayed characteristics of PLCs, with minimal implementation of all components. Developing a professional learning community at all three sites began with implementing structural factors and mandating specific activities such as weekly grade-level planning. Social factors were much more complex to control by administration, affecting the fidelity of learning and collaboration within the PLCs.

Originality/value

Although the literature highlights the importance of leadership in creating a PLC, there is little research that supports specific actions leaders can take to create an authentic, sustainable community of practice. In addition, there is limited literature supporting how administrators use PLCs to build organizational capacity and support teacher learning. Our study contributes to building the empirical knowledge base related to these two areas.
Athletic identity and discretionary effort at work
Authors: Lion Rob , Burch Tyler , Bolinger Alex
Published: June 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether athletic identity contributes to discretionary effort among employees. Athletic identities have long been associated with “giving 110 percent” by exerting high levels of discretionary effort. In response, a growing number of organizations have enacted recruiting programs to specifically seek out prospective employees among individuals who are likely to exhibit strong athletic identities. However, the belief that strong athletic identities will spill over to greater discretionary effort at work has not received systematic examination.

Design/methodology/approach

Drawing on a field study of over 1,000 working professionals across various countries and industries, the current study explored whether athletic identity was predictive of discretionary work effort through behavioral self-control and locus of control. Bootstrapping procedures that are robust to any normality distribution violations were implemented.

Findings

Results suggest that athletic identity indirectly influences employee discretionary work effort through higher behavioral self-control and a more internal locus of control. These effects were found even when controlling for actual weekly metabolic energy expenditure, age, gender and education.

Originality/value

This study supports the relationship between athletic identity and discretionary effort in the workplace, mediated by greater self-regulation and internal locus of control when compared to those with weaker athletic identities. Importantly, these results were found even while controlling for actual metabolic activity, suggesting that identifying as an athlete is associated with greater internal locus of control and behavioral regulation independent of actual current physical activity. The findings suggest support for human resource practices that prioritize recruiting individuals with strong athletic identities.
Why do companies go public in Sri Lanka? A mixed-method approach
Authors: Mohamed Riyath Mohamed Ismail , Indunil Dayaratne Debeharage Athula
Published: June 2024

Purpose

This study aims to explore the motives behind the company’s decision to go public in Sri Lanka.

Design/methodology/approach

This study adopts the explanatory sequential mixed-method approach based on the benefit-cost trade-off theory, incorporating survey-based descriptive statistics of 143 respondents from listed companies in the Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) followed by content analysis of 52 initial public offering prospectuses and 11 interviews with top management of listed companies.

Findings

Companies primarily go public to raise capital for long- and short-term growth, followed by enhancing corporate image and governance structure. Also, they go public to rebalance capital structure, lower the cost of capital, diversify risk, compete in their product market and grab market timing opportunities. Furthermore, the qualitative analysis established that companies are going public also for value addition, broadening the ownership structure, establishing new strategic partnerships and funding for working capital requirements, which are not highlighted in previous studies.

Practical implications

These findings offer valuable insights for policymakers aiming to attract new companies to CSE, which would contribute to the capital market development of Sri Lanka.

Originality/value

This study combines quantitative survey and qualitative content analysis in a single investigation, revealing novel motives for going public that were not previously identified. This approach allows for a more comprehensive topic exploration, including the participants’ experiences and perceptions, while minimizing bias and maximizing robustness. This study is more comprehensive than previous studies that relied on descriptive statistics.
Phase I/II clinical trial of brentuximab vedotin for pretreated Japanese patients with CD30‐positive cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Hirai Yoji , Sakurai Jun , Yoshida Shiho , Kikuchi Takashi , Mitsuhashi Toshiharu , Miyake Tomoko , Fujimura Taku , Abe Riichiro , Fujikawa Hiroki , Boki Hikari , Suga Hiraku , Shibata Sayaka , Miyagaki Tomomitsu , Shimauchi Takatoshi , Kiyohara Eiji , Kawakami Yoshio , Morizane Shin
Published: June 2024

Brentuximab vedotin (BV), a conjugate of anti‐CD30 antibody and monomethyl auristatin E, has emerged as a promising treatment option for refractory CD30+ mycosis fungoides (MF) and primary cutaneous anaplastic large‐cell lymphoma (pcALCL). BV has been shown to be safe and effective in treating Hodgkin's lymphoma and peripheral T‐cell lymphoma. This multicenter, prospective, single‐arm phase I/II study evaluated the efficacy of BV in Japanese patients with CD30+ cutaneous lymphomas, namely CD30+ cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma. Participants were divided into two groups: those with CD30+ MF or pcALCL (cohort 1, n = 13) and those with CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorders other than those in cohort 1 (cohort 2, n = 3). The studied population included the full analysis set (FAS), modified FAS (mFAS), and safety analysis set (SAF). These sets were identified in cohorts 1 and 1 + 2 and labeled FAS1 and FAS2, mFAS1 and mFAS2, and SAF1 and SAF2, respectively. Each treatment cycle lasted 3 weeks, and BV was continued for up to 16 cycles after the third cycle based on treatment response. The primary endpoint was the 4‐month objective response rate (ORR4) determined by the Independent Review Forum (IRF). ORR4 was 69.2% for FAS1 and 62.5% for FAS2 (P < 0.0001). Secondary endpoints of ORR, assessed using the global response score (53.8% in FAS1) and modified severity‐weighted assessment tool (62.5% in FAS1), using the IRF, provided results comparable to the primary findings. The incidence of ≥grade 3 adverse events (≥15%) in SAF1 was peripheral neuropathy in three patients (23%) and fever and eosinophilia in two patients (15%). In conclusion, BV showed favorable efficacy, tolerability, and safety profile in Japanese patients with relapsed or refractory CD30+ primary cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma. The trial was registered with University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry, Japan (protocol ID: UMIN000034205).
Ultrasonographic evaluation of nail matrix topography for preservative nail surgery of nail unit melanoma
Authors: Ha Gi Ung , Kim Jin Ho , Ha Dae‐Lyong , Lee Hoseok , Lee Seok‐Jong
Published: June 2024

Recently, functional or preservative surgery has been preferred for nail unit melanoma; however, complete resection of the nail unit, particularly the matrix, is challenging because of its complex structure. This study aims to measure the distance of important nail structures through ultrasonography. Herein, 14 patients without nail deformity were included. The length from the nail cuticle to the distal interphalangeal joint (distance X), to the attachment part of the extensor muscle (distance A), to the median proximal end of the nail matrix (distance B), and to the lateral proximal end of the nail matrix (distance C) were measured. In the axial plane, the length from the highest point of the nail plate to the bottom of the distal phalanx (distance Y) and to the lateral tip of the nail plate (distance D) were measured. On the first fingernail, third fingernail, first toenail, and third toenail, the mean ratio A:X, ratio B:X, ratio C:X, and ratio D:Y were 78.6%, 44.3%, 57.2%, 40.1%, and 84.6%; 55.9%, 64.9%, 40.2%, and 66.4%; 35.6%, 50.8%, 34.3%, and 81.9%; and 57.2%, 59.6%, and 31.7%, respectively. Nail units are often invisible to the naked eye; thus, this study will help identify the approximate scope of excision.
Determining the effect of arteriovenous fistula care training on the self‐care behaviors of hemodialysis patients
Authors: Dilbilir Yakup , Kavurmaci Mehtap
Published: June 2024

Introduction

The aim was to determine the effect of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) care training given to hemodialysis (HD) patients on the self‐care behaviors of patients.

Methods

The randomized controlled experimental study was conducted in the HD unit. The study was carried out with a total of 66 patients. Patients in the intervention group were trained using the AVF Care Education Book for 4 weeks. The study data were collected using the scale for evaluating self‐care behaviors related to AVF in HD patients (ASBHD‐AVF). Shapiro–Wilk and Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests, independent t‐tests, and ANOVA were used in the SPSS 25.0 package program.

Results

As a result of the research, it was determined that the average ASBHD‐AVF score of the patients in the trained intervention group increased from 54.52 ± 7.41 to 73.77 ± 3.05 (p <0.05). The mean ASBHD‐AVF score of the patients in the control group increased from 56.14 ± 4.51 to 58.14 ± 5.93 (p >0.05). When the difference between the two groups was examined, it was determined that the average ASBHD‐AVF score of the patients in the intervention group was statistically significantly higher than the control group (p <0.05).

Conclusion

AVF care education given to HD patients improves patients' self‐care behaviors. Improved fistula self‐care behaviors of patients will contribute to the healthy functioning of the AVF and the effective HD treatment of patients.
Relationship of immature granulocytes with disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Seringec Akkececi Nurten , Ciftcioglu Muhammed , Okyar Burak , Yildirim Cetin Gozde
Published: June 2024

Aim

To determine whether the IG count (#) and IG percentage (%) are associated with disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods

This retrospective study included 65 RA patients and 65 healthy controls. Clinical and demographic characteristics of controls and RA patients (at active period and when the patients achieved remission) were obtained from medical records. Disease activity was defined by disease activity score 28 (DAS28). Furthermore, the clinical disease activity index (CDAI), and simple disease activity index (SDAI) were calculated. For the differential diagnosis of RA patients from healthy controls, the cut‐off value was estimated by making receiver‐operator curves (ROC).

Results

In active RA patients, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C‐reactive protein (CRP), IG#, and IG% levels were significantly higher compared to the healthy controls (p < .001, for all). When the patients achieved remission, DAS28, CDAI, SDAI, ESR, CRP, IG#, and IG% values were significantly decreased (p < .001, for all). IG# and IG% were significantly positively correlated with DAS28, CDAI, SDAI, ESR, and CRP (p = .024, p = .008, p = .003, p < .001, p < .001, respectively). According to ROC curve analysis, IG% and IG# were the biomarkers to have a significant diagnostic value for RA with the area under the curve of 0.853 and 0.865 (p < .001, for all).

Conclusion

The present study demonstrated that two novel inflammatory markers, IG# and IG%, can be useful for monitoring RA patients' disease activity. Furthermore, IG# and IG% can also be used as fast, inexpensive, and easily available complementary diagnostic markers to diagnose RA patients.
Non‐operative management of uncomplicated appendicitis in children: a randomized, controlled, non‐inferiority study evaluating safety and efficacy
Authors: Adams Susan Elizabeth , Perera Meegodage Roshell Swindri , Fung Saskia , Maxton Jordon , Karpelowsky Jonathan
Published: June 2024

Background

Appendicitis is the commonest paediatric surgical emergency. Adult studies suggest non‐operative management (NOM) may have a place in care. There have been no adequately powered randomized controlled trials in children. Objective: to determine the safety and efficacy of NOM for paediatric simple appendicitis.

Methods

A non‐inferiority randomized controlled trial was conducted comparing operative (OM) to NOM of SA in children aged five‐15 years. Primary outcome was treatment success (no unplanned or unnecessary operation, or complication) at 30 days and 12 months, with a non‐inferiority margin of 15%. (anzctr.org.au: ACTRN12616000788471).

Results

From 11 June 2016 to 30 November 2020, 222 children were randomized: 94 (42.34%) to OM and 128 (57.66%) to NOM. Non‐inferiority of NOM was not demonstrated at either time point, with 45.67% of NOM patients subsequently undergoing operation. There was no significant difference in complications.

Conclusions

While noninferiority was not shown, NOM was safe, with no difference in adverse outcomes between the two groups. Further research to refine the place of NOM of simple appendicitis in children is required, including nuanced patient selection, longer term evaluation, the place of choice, and the acceptability of the treatment for children and their carers.
Another “turn” in bioethics? A plea for methodological continuity
Authors: De Proost Michiel , Provoost Veerle
Published: June 2024

A growing trend in bioethics highlights the importance of using big data science methods to advance normative insight. This has been called the “digital turn” in bioethics by Salloch and Ursin. Automated data processing can, for example, detect significant patterns of correlation that have escaped the attention of human scholars. Although we agree that such technological innovations could bolster existing methods in empirical bioethics (EB), we argue that it should not be conceptualized as a new turn but rather as a revivification, and possibly an amplification of entrenched debates in EB. We begin by highlighting some convergences between EB and digital bioethics that Salloch and Ursin seem to categorize as fundamental differences and end up with elaborating on some risks related to the integration of empirical findings with normative (philosophical) analysis in the digitalization trend.
Age‐related hearing loss and “hearables”: An agenda for moral considerations
Authors: De Proost Michiel , Segers Seppe , Mertes Heidi
Published: June 2024

Rapid advances in digital hearing technologies, also known as hearables, are expected to disrupt the direct‐to‐consumer health market. For older adults with higher incidence of hearing loss, such disruption could reduce hearing problems, increase accessibility to hearing aids, and mitigate related stigmas. This paper delves into the intersection of disruptive innovation and hearables within the realm of biomedical ethics. Through a comprehensive exploration, we shed light on the ethical implications surrounding hearables. By critically evaluating the key ethical advantages and drawbacks, we find that no single concern presents an insurmountable a priori objection to hearables. We conclude with some ideas to maximize the benefits of hearables and further promote opportunities for equitable hearing health.
DCBLD2 deletion increases hyperglycemia and induces vascular remodeling by inhibiting insulin receptor recycling in endothelial cells
Authors: Guo Lingling , Zong Yanhong , Yang Weiwei , Lin Yanling , Feng Qi , Yu Chao , Liu Xiaoning , Li Chenyang , Zhang Wenjun , Wang Runtao , Li Lijing , Pei Yunli , Wang Huifang , Liu Demin , Niu Honglin , Nie Lei
Published: June 2024

Discoidin, CUB, LCCL domain‐containing 2 (DCBLD2) is a type I transmembrane protein with a similar structure to neuropilin, which acts as a co‐receptor for certain receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). The insulin receptor is an RTK and plays a critical role in endothelial cell function and glycolysis. However, how and whether DCBLD2 regulates insulin receptor activity in endothelial cells is poorly understood. Diabetes was induced through treatment of Dcbld2 global‐genome knockout mice and endothelium‐specific knockout mice with streptozotocin. Vascular ultrasound, vascular tension test, and hematoxylin and eosin staining were performed to assess endothelial function and aortic remodeling. Glycolytic rate assays, real‐time PCR and western blotting were used to investigate the effects of DCBLD2 on glycolytic activity and insulin receptor (InsR)/phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway in endothelial cells. Co‐immunoprecipitation was used to assess the effects of DCBLD2 on insulin receptor endocytosis and recycling. Membrane and cytoplasmic proteins were isolated to determine whether DCBLD2 could affect the localization of the insulin receptor. We found that Dcbld2 deletion exacerbated endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling in diabetic mice. Both Dcbld2 knockdown and Dcbld2 deletion inhibited glycolysis and the InsR/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in endothelial cells. Furthermore, Dcbld2 deletion inhibited insulin receptor recycling. Taken together, Dcbld2 deficiency exacerbated diabetic endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling by inhibiting the InsR/PI3K/Akt pathway in endothelial cells through the inhibition of Rab11‐dependent insulin receptor recycling. Our data suggest that DCBLD2 is a potential therapeutic target for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.
Willingness to pay for recreational fisheries in Europe
Authors: Gren Ing‐Marie , Marbuah George
Published: June 2024

Few studies have acknowledged and quantified the economic contribution in expenditures of recreational fisheries. Additional economic value attributed to fishers' willingness to pay (WTP) for recreational fisheries in excess of expenses was estimated for 33 countries in Europe. Benefit transfer was used in a meta‐regression analysis of 184 studies and 1001 observations of WTP per day for recreational fisheries. Most studies of fishing were in the USA, but also in Europe, Australia, New Zealand, South America and Canada. Mixed‐effects regression models were estimated with income, climate variables, population density and study characteristics as explanatory variables. Income and temperature positively affected WTP per day. Benefit transfers with these variables and different transfer methods among European countries showed that the estimated total WTP could amount to 11.4 billion USD (purchasing power parity corrected to 2020 prices). Variation in WTP per day was large, and ranged 9–62 USD among countries and transfer methods. For several countries, WTP for recreational fisheries exceeded 0.1% of gross domestic product.
A multi‐faceted construct to guide geriatric dental education: Findings from a scoping review with consultation
Authors: Brandt Alicia C. , Lingard Lorelei , Dong Cecilia S.
Published: June 2024

Background and objectives

Older adults report unmet oral health care needs and barriers in access to care, due in part to provider attitudes and discomfort towards treating older patients. Our study asked: What is known from the literature about the use of undergraduate dentistry programmes to influence dental students' attitudes, perceptions and comfort towards treating geriatric patients? And how can interdisciplinary care facilitate the ability of dentists to work with geriatric patients?

Materials and methods

A scoping review and stakeholder consultation followed established methodological guidelines. Four databases and two grey literature sources were searched. Two researchers independently selected articles using predefined inclusion criteria. Pertinent information was inputted into an iteratively developed extraction table. NVivo 12 was used to organise the extracted data into themes. Key findings were confirmed through stakeholder consultation.

Results

Sixty‐eight articles were included in the scoping review. Five key themes emerged: (1) Curricular targets; (2) Intervention components; (3) Dentist and patient factors; (4) The role of interdisciplinary care; and (5) Post‐graduation insights on knowledge‐seeking patterns. Stakeholder consultations involved 19 participants from Southwestern Ontario and generally confirmed our findings.

Conclusions

Inconsistent reporting of multiple intervention dimensions constrains our ability to strengthen this knowledge. Future interventions and their reporting could be improved by adopting “willingness to treat” as an overarching, multi‐faceted concept which encompasses knowledge on ageing, attitudes towards older patients, perceived competence and empathy. Stakeholder interviews complemented these findings.
Codesign and Launch of ‘On the Ball’: An Inclusive Community‐Based ‘Testicular Awareness’ Campaign
Authors: Saab Mohamad M. , Shetty Varsha N. , McCarthy Megan , Davoren Martin P. , Flynn Angela , Kirby Ann , Robertson Steve , Shorter Gillian W. , Murphy David , Rovito Michael J. , Shiely Frances , Hegarty Josephine
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Increased awareness of testicular diseases can lead to early diagnosis. Evidence suggests that men's awareness of testicular diseases is low, with many expressing their willingness to delay help‐seeking for symptoms of concern. The risk of testicular diseases is higher in gender and sexual minority groups. In this study, we discuss the codesign, refinement and launch of ‘On the Ball’, an inclusive community‐based ‘testicular awareness’ campaign.

Methods

The World Café participatory research methodology was used. Individuals from Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Queer+ friendly organisations, testicular cancer survivors, policymakers, media/marketing experts and graphic designers were recruited. Participants were handed a brief for ‘On the Ball’, which was designed based on feedback from a previous World Café workshop. They were assigned to three tables. Participants rotated tables at random for three 20‐min rounds of conversations. Each table had a facilitator who focussed on one element of the campaign brief. Data were collected using audio recorders and in writing and were analysed thematically.

Results

Thirteen individuals participated in the workshop. The following themes emerged from the data: (i) campaign identity, (ii) campaign delivery and (iii) campaign impact. Participants recommended enhancements to the campaign logo, slogan, social media posts and poster. They suggested delivering the campaign online via social media and offline using various print and broadcast media. Participants recommended targeting areas with a large number of men such as workplaces. To help measure the impact of the campaign, participants proposed capturing social media analytics and tracking statistics relating to testicular diseases. Recommendations were used to refine the ‘On the Ball’ campaign and launch it in a university. In total, 411 students engaged with the various elements of the campaign during the soft launch.

Conclusions

‘On the Ball’ campaign visuals ought to be inclusive. Online and offline campaign delivery is warranted to reach out to a wider cohort. Campaign impact can be captured using social media analytics as well as measuring clinical outcomes relating to testicular diseases. Future research is needed to implement the campaign online and offline, explore its impact and evaluate its feasibility, acceptability, cost and effect on promoting testicular awareness.

Patient or Public Contribution

The ‘On the Ball’ campaign was codesigned and refined with members of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Queer+ friendly organisations, testicular cancer survivors, health policymakers, media and marketing experts and graphic designers using the World Café participatory research methodology.
Assessing the Gap Between Women's Expectations and Perceptions of the Quality of Intrapartum Care in Jordan: A Two‐Stage Study Using the SERVQUAL Model
Authors: Hijazi Heba , Al‐Yateem Nabeel , Al abdi Rabah , Baniissa Wegdan , Alameddine Mohamad , Al‐Sharman Alham , AlMarzooqi Alounoud , Subu Muhammad Arsyad , Ahmed Fatma Refaat , Hossain Ahmed , Sindiani Amer , Hayajneh Yaseen
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Although Jordan has made significant progress toward expanding the utilization of facility‐based intrapartum care, prior research highlights that poor service quality is still persistent. This study aimed to identify quality gaps between women's expectations and perceptions of the actual intrapartum care received, while exploring the contributing factors.

Methods

Utilizing a pre–post design, quality gaps in intrapartum care were assessed among 959 women pre‐ and postchildbirth at a prominent tertiary hospital in northern Jordan. Data were gathered using the SERVQUAL scale, measuring service quality across reliability, responsiveness, tangibles, assurance, and empathy dimensions.

Results

The overall mean gap score between women's expectations and perceptions of the quality of intrapartum care was −0.60 (±0.56). The lowest and highest mean gap scores were found to be related to tangibles and assurance dimensions, −0.24 (±0.39) and −0.88 (±0.35), respectively. Significant negative quality gaps were identified in the dimensions of assurance, empathy, and responsiveness, as well as overall service quality (p < 0.001). The MLR analyses highlighted education (β = 0.61), mode of birth (β = −0.60), admission timing (β = −0.41), continuity of midwifery care (β = −0.43), physician's gender (β = −0.62), active labour duration (β = 0.37), and pain management (β = −0.33) to be the key determinants of the overall quality gap in intrapartum care.

Conclusion

Our findings underscore the importance of fostering a labour environment that prioritizes enhancing caregivers' empathetic, reassuring, and responsive skills to minimize service quality gaps and enhance the overall childbirth experience for women in Jordan.

Patient or Public Contribution

This paper is a collaborative effort involving women with lived experiences of childbirth, midwives, and obstetrics and gynaecologist physicians. The original idea, conceptualization, data generation, and coproduction, including manuscript editing, were shaped by the valuable contributions of stakeholders with unique perspectives on intrapartum care in Jordan.
Lost in the System: Responsibilisation and Burden for Women With Multiple Long‐Term Health Conditions During Pregnancy
Authors: Hanley Stephanie J. , McCann Sharon , Lee Siang Ing , Vowles Zoe , Plachcinski Rachel , Nirantharakumar Krish , Black Mairead , Locock Louise , Taylor Beck
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Over a fifth of pregnant women are living with multiple long‐term health conditions, which is associated with increased risks of adverse outcomes for mothers and infants. While there are many examples of research exploring individuals' experiences and care pathways for pregnancy with a single health condition, evidence relating to multiple health conditions is limited. This study aimed to explore experiences and care of women with multiple long‐term health conditions around the time of pregnancy.

Methods

Semistructured interviews were conducted between March 2022 and May 2023 with women with multiple long‐term health conditions who were at least 28 weeks pregnant or had had a baby in the last 2 years, and healthcare professionals with experience of caring for these women. Participants were recruited from across the United Kingdom. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results

Fifty‐seven women and 51 healthcare professionals participated. Five themes were identified. Women with long‐term health conditions and professionals recognised that it takes a team to avoid inconsistent care and communication, for example, medication management. Often, women were required to take a care navigation role to link up their healthcare providers. Women described mixed experiences regarding care for their multiple identities and the whole person. Postnatally, women and professionals recognised a downgrade in care, particularly for women's long‐term health conditions. Some professionals detailed the importance of engaging with women's knowledge, and recognising their own professional boundaries of expertise. Many participants described difficulties in providing informational continuity and subsequent impacts on care. Specifically, the setup of care systems made it difficult for everyone to access necessary information, especially when care involved multiple sites.

Conclusion

Pregnant women with long‐term health conditions can experience a substantial burden of responsibility to maintain communication with their care team, often feeling vulnerable, patronised, and let down by a lack of acknowledgement of their expertise. These results will be used to inform the content of coproduction workshops aimed at developing a list of care recommendations for affected women. It will also inform future interventional studies aimed at improving outcomes for these women and their babies.

Patient or Public Contribution

Our Patient and Public Involvement group were involved in the design of the study and the analysis and interpretation of the data, and a public study investigator was part of the author group.
From Research to Knowledge Translation: Co‐Producing Resources to Raise Awareness of Meals on Wheels in England
Authors: Papadaki Angeliki , Willis Paul , Armstrong Miranda Elaine Glynis , Cameron Ailsa
Published: June 2024

Background

Meals on Wheels (MoWs) could help adults with care and support needs continue living independently. However, many people are not aware that the service still exists in England, or that it could provide benefits beyond nutrition.

Objective

Working with an existing advisory group of six people with lived experience of MoWs (an adult who uses MoWs and people who have referred a family member to MoWs), this work aimed to co‐produce knowledge translation resources (two infographics and a film) to raise awareness of MoWs and their benefits.

Methods

Four participatory online workshops were held in May–July 2023, to establish perceived high‐priority themes from recent qualitative research that should be included in the resources, and preferences about message content, language, design, and how the resources should be disseminated.

Findings

The most important perceived MoWs benefits that the group agreed should be included in the resources were: the importance of a nutritious meal that requires no preparation; the service's reliability/consistency; the importance of interactions in reducing social isolation, and; the ease to commence the service. The group highlighted the need for language to be nontechnical and invitational, and for images to relate to respective messages, and be inclusive of anyone who could benefit from MoWs. Several routes for dissemination were proposed, highlighting the need to disseminate to the NHS, social care organisations and community groups.

Conclusion

These co‐produced resources could enhance adult social care delivery in England, as raising awareness of MoWs and their benefits could increase referral rates, so that more adults with care and support needs can benefit from the service.

Patient or Public Contribution

An advisory group of people with lived experience of MoWs (users of the service and family referrers) participated in the workshops, extensively discussed the findings of earlier research, co‐produced the knowledge translation resources, and advised on the implications and future dissemination steps. The group also provided informal feedback on a draft of this manuscript.
Effect of alumina sol on the preparation of magnesia‐alumina spinel foam ceramics by foaming‐sol method
Authors: Sun Gege , Li Guohua , Jiao Changfa , Tian Lin , Deng Shudan
Published: June 2024

In this work, magnesia‐alumina spinel foam ceramics were prepared by foaming‐sol method using magnesia alumina spinel as raw material, anionic surfactant potassium oleate (PO) as foaming agent, and alumina sol as curing agent. The curing mechanism and the effect of alumina sol content on the stability of foam slurry and the properties of foam ceramics were investigated. In the foam slurry, the alumina sol can react with PO, so magnesia‐alumina spinel can be fixed in the foam structure through the gel network to improve the stability of the foam slurry. The gelation process reduces the viscosity of the foam slurry. The pores of magnesia‐alumina spinel foam ceramics sintered at 1500°C are mostly closed pores and the average pore was 29.7–42.1 µm. With the increase of alumina sol content, the bulk density of magnesia‐alumina spinel foam ceramics increased from 1.3 to 1.9 g/cm3, the cold compressive strength from 8.8 to 22.7 MPa, and the thermal conductivity from .417 to .806 W·m−1·K−1(350°C).
Construction and analysis of a mechanical model for viscoelasticity and plasticity in potato
Authors: Xie Shengshi , Lu Yan , Shang Zhenyu , Deng Weigang , Lu Kailiang
Published: June 2024

The aim of this paper is to develop a precise collision model of potatoes falling onto a separation sieve to assess their damage characteristics. A viscoelastic‐plastic mechanics model is created by integrating the collision process with the potato soil separation device. Test factors include fall height, potato mass, fall direction, and varieties. Potato deformation and damage volume serve as evaluation indices in single‐factor tests to explore their relationships with these factors. The model analyzes the collision loading and unloading process, studying relationships between parameters and test factors, examining the potato collision damage mechanism. Predictive equations for potato damage volume based on fall height, potato mass, and plasticity ratio λp are derived: V1 = 1606λp–537, V2 = 4751λp–2087, and V3 = 12617λp–5303. This study provides a theoretical foundation for analyzing potato collision damage and offers technical references for optimizing potato harvesting machinery.

Practical applications

Damage resulting from the mechanical harvesting process significantly impacts the quality and economic worth of the tubers. Currently, research on constructing a mechanical model of potatoes, treating them as viscoelastic plastic bodies, and integrating the collision process with potato soil separation devices is limited. Thus, the objective of this paper is to investigate the correlation between various test factors and potato damage via drop tests, and to establish a viscoelastic–plastic mechanical model. Additionally, the study further explored the correlation between model parameters and tuber damage, resulting in the establishment of a mathematical model for predicting the extent of damage. This study provides a theoretical basis for an in‐depth analysis of the collision damage mechanism of potato, and a technical reference for the design and optimization of potato harvesting machinery.
Modeling high‐intensity ultrasound to enhance shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) brining without compromising crucial purchase attributes
Authors: Bernardo Yago A. A. , Monteiro Maria Lúcia G. , Marques Lucas P. , Conte‐Junior Carlos A.
Published: June 2024

Traditional brining methods, such as immersion, are time‐consuming and affect the quality of the food product. Thus, high‐intensity ultrasound (HIUS) has been studied as a brining‐assisted non‐thermal technology. However, this approach to shrimp and the assessment of the individual and combined effects of HIUS parameters, for example, time (t), power (P), and salt concentration (SC), is a knowledge gap. This study aimed to model HIUS‐brining for improving salt diffusion and water properties while maintaining relevant purchase attributes closer to fresh shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) quality. Our findings suggest HIUS improves salt diffusion, decreasing Aw and enhancing water‐holding capacity (WHC). Instead, the increased P reduced hardness and enhanced whiteness. HIUS‐brining (22.02 min/267.89 W/6.68%) maximized Na+ (2.58%) and WHC (86.31%), minimized Aw (.92), and retained hardness (71.07 N) and whiteness (55.14) close to freshness. Therefore, it is possible to employ HIUS in the shrimp brine to improve salt diffusion without damaging physicochemical attributes.

Practical applications

Despite traditional methods for seafood brining being considered effective, they are time‐consuming, taking hours to reach the desirable moisture value. High‐intensity ultrasound (HIUS) is an emerging non‐thermal technology recently explored as a brining technology for animal‐origin food, such as meat. The cavitation induced by HIUS generates gas microbubbles. The implosion increases local temperature and pressure and generates microjets, facilitating the mass transfer (sponge effect) and salt diffusion in the muscle tissues. However, the cavitation mechanism also releases free radicals, resulting in physicochemical alterations during processing, such as damage to color and texture. The present research contributes to providing a better understanding of the application and optimization of HIUS to accelerate the shrimp brining process. The findings herein are promising for the industrial utilization of sonication to obtain brined products without damaging the quality attributes of shrimp.
Colorectal adenoma detection rate using texture and color enhancement imaging versus white light imaging with chromoendoscopy: a propensity score matching study
Authors: Toyoshima Osamu , Nishizawa Toshihiro , Hiramatsu Takuma , Matsuno Tatsuya , Yoshida Shuntaro , Mizutani Hiroya , Ebinuma Hirotoshi , Matsuda Takahisa , Saito Yutaka , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro
Published: June 2024

Background and Aim

Few studies have evaluated the adenoma detection rate (ADR) of colonoscopy with texture and color enhancement imaging (TXI), a novel image‐enhancing technology. This study compares the detection of colorectal polyps using TXI to that using white light imaging (WLI).

Methods

This single‐center retrospective study used propensity‐matched scoring based on the patients' baseline characteristics (age, sex, indication, bowel preparation, endoscopist, colonoscope type, and withdrawal time) to compare the results of patients who underwent chromoendoscopy using WLI or TXI at the Toyoshima Endoscopy Clinic. The differences in polyp detection rates and the mean number of detected polyps per colonoscopy were determined between the TXI and WLI groups.

Results

After propensity score matching, 1970 patients were enrolled into each imaging modality group. The mean patient age was 57.2 ± 12.5 years, and 44.5% of the cohort were men. The ADR was higher in the TXI group than in the WLI group (55.0% vs 49.4%, odds ratio: 1.25). High‐risk ADR were more common in the TXI group than in the WLI group (17.6% vs 12.8%; OR: 1.45). The mean number of adenomas per colonoscopy (APC) was higher in the TXI group than in the WLI group (1.187 vs 0.943, OR: 1.12). APC with a flat morphology (1.093 vs 0.848, OR: 1.14) and APC of <6 mm (0.992 vs 0.757, OR: 1.16) were higher in the TXI group than in the WLI group.

Conclusion

Compared to WLI, TXI improved the ADR in patients who underwent chromoendoscopy based on actual clinical data.
Risk factors associated with the Motoric Cognitive Risk syndrome: A meta‐analysis of data from a cross‐national study
Authors: Jayakody O. , Blumen H. M. , Breslin M. , Wang C. , Verghese J.
Published: June 2024

Background

Identifying risk factors associated with the Motoric Cognitive Risk (MCR) syndrome (a pre‐dementia syndrome) can assist in developing risk reduction strategies and interventions to delay progression to dementia. Tailored interventions require comparisons of high‐ and middle‐income countries to determine if the same or different risk factors should be targeted. We examined risk factors associated with MCR in seven Health and Retirement Studies with harmonized measures.

Methods

Data from adults aged ≥65 years (n = 20,036, mean age 71.2(SD 6.2)—80.1(SD 4.1)) from the U.S. Health and Retirement Study, English Longitudinal Study of Aging, Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe, China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, Harmonized Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia for Longitudinal Aging Study in India, Mexican Health and Aging Study, and Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging was included. MCR was defined as the presence of cognitive complaints and slow gait (no mobility disability and dementia). Associations of demographic [education], medical [hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, obesity, stroke, Parkinson's, falls], psychological [depressive symptoms, psychiatric problems], sensorimotor [grip strength, hearing], and behavioral factors [smoking, sedentariness, sleep], with prevalent MCR were examined using age‐ and sex‐adjusted logistic regression models. A meta‐analysis was performed to compare risk factors for MCR in high‐ versus middle‐income countries.

Results

Except for depressive symptoms and weak grip strength, different risk factor clusters were associated with individual studies. Poor sleep, hearing, weak grip, and multiple falls emerged as novel associations with MCR. When grouped by income, some risk factors (i.e., education) were associated with MCR in high‐ and middle‐income countries. Others (i.e., obesity) were specific to high‐income countries.

Conclusions

This cross‐sectional, cross‐national study identified new, shared, and specific risk factors associated with MCR in high‐ and middle‐income countries, providing insights to develop public health approaches and interventions to forestall the onset of dementia in those with MCR.