bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Purkinje triggers of ventricular fibrillation in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Hocini Mélèze , Ramirez F. Daniel , Szumowski Łukasz , Maury Philippe , Cheniti Ghassen , Duchateau Josselin , Pambrun Thomas , Derval Nicolas , Sacher Frédéric , Cochet Hubert , Jaïs Pierre , Haïssaguerre Michel
Published: August 2021

Introduction

Ventricular fibrillation (VF) is the main mechanism of sudden cardiac death in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). The origin of VF and the success of catheter ablation to eliminate recurrent episodes in this population are poorly understood.

Methods and Results

From 2010 to 2014, five patients with HCM (age 21 ± 9 years, three female) underwent invasive electrophysiological studies and ablation at our center after resuscitation from recurrent (9 ± 7) episodes of VF. Ventricular premature beats (VPBs), seen to initiate VF in certain cases, were recorded noninvasively before the ablation procedure. Postprocedural computed tomography (CT) was performed to correlate ablation sites with myocardial hypertrophy in three patients. Outcomes were assessed by clinical follow‐up and implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator interrogations. VPB triggers were localized invasively to the distal left Purkinje conduction system (left posterior fascicle [2], left anterior fascicle [1], and both fascicles [2]). All targeted VF triggers were successfully eliminated by radiofrequency ablation in the left ventricle. Among patients with postablation CT imaging, 93 ± 12% of ablation sites corresponded to hypertrophied segments. Over 50 ± 38 months, four of five patients were free from primary VF without antiarrhythmic drug therapy. One patient who had 13 episodes of VF before ablation had a single recurrence.

Conclusion

In our study of patients with HCM and recurrent VF, VF was not initiated from the myocardium but rather from Purkinje arborization. These sources colocalized with the hypertrophic substrate, suggesting electromechanical interaction. Focal ablation at these sites was associated with a marked reduction in VF burden.
The association of education level with autonomy support, self‐efficacy and health behaviour in patients with cardiovascular risk factors
Authors: Yeom Hyun‐E , Lee Jungmin
Published: August 2021

Aim and objectives

The study aimed to investigate whether the patients’ education level affected the mediation effect of self‐efficacy on the relationship between the autonomy‐supportive healthcare climate and health behaviour among patients with cardiovascular risk factors.

Background

Autonomy and self‐efficacy are identified as influential factors related to the behaviours of individuals with health problems. However, it is unclear whether autonomy support from healthcare providers affects health behaviour through self‐efficacy and if patients’ education level affects the association.

Design

A cross‐sectional study.

Methods

A convenience sample of 207 individuals with one or more cardiovascular diseases completed self‐administered surveys including the healthcare climate questionnaire, self‐efficacy scale and the engagement in health behaviour scale. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, t test, Pearson's correlation coefficients and hierarchical regression analysis. All procedures of the study adhered to the STROBE guidelines.

Results

The influence of autonomy support from healthcare providers on self‐efficacy differed by individuals’ education level. Self‐efficacy in less educated, but not highly educated individuals, tended to depend on the autonomy‐supportive climate. Additionally, the autonomy‐supportive healthcare climate affected health behaviour through self‐efficacy only in less educated individuals.

Conclusion

The relationship between autonomy support from healthcare providers and self‐efficacy was more evident in the relatively less educated individuals. The associations among autonomy support, self‐efficacy and health behaviour differed by patient education level, and the mediating role of self‐efficacy on the relationship between autonomy‐supportive climate and health behaviour was found only in those less educated.

Relevance to clinical practice

Healthcare providers should recognise the importance of supporting patients’ need for autonomy to improve self‐efficacy and healthy behaviour, particularly in less educated patients. Additionally, healthcare providers’ support tailored to patients’ needs and educational status should be highlighted.
The impact of personality on intention to leave the nursing profession: A structural equation model
Authors: Greinacher Anja , Helaß Madeleine , Nikendei Christoph , Müller Andreas , Mulfinger Nadine , Gündel Harald , Maatouk Imad
Published: August 2021

Aims and objectives

To test a mediating effect of compassion satisfaction on the relationship between personality traits (Big Five) and intent to leave.

Background

Nursing professionals work in high‐stress environments and exhibit more emotional distress and mental health disorders than other hospital professionals. This translates to increased intention to leave their profession. Evidence suggests that compassion satisfaction reduces intention to leave. Research also indicates that personality factors are associated with compassion satisfaction and intent to leave.

Design

Using a cross‐sectional design, we collected data from 536 nurses in a maximum‐care hospital in Germany via questionnaires; the analyses included 518 participants.

Method

We applied the structural equation model and followed the STROBE checklist.

Results

30% of our study participants reported high intent to leave. Compassion satisfaction mediated the relationship between agreeableness and intent to leave. Openness to experience and neuroticism had positive direct effects on intent to leave.

Conclusions

The results suggest that high compassion satisfaction levels may decrease intention to leave levels. Personality traits impact compassion satisfaction and intention to leave.

Relevance to Clinical Practice

Nursing professionals’ compassion satisfaction needs to be improved, for example by resilience training. As personality factors remain relatively stable over time, caregivers need to consider them when identifying appropriate areas of work and responsibility.
A Combined Digital Technique for Manufacturing Functional Fixed Implant Prosthesis Prototypes Using a CAD/CAM Software
Authors: Altemimi Aseel , Rodriguez Julio , Nahon Max
Published: August 2021

The manufacture of complete‐arch fixed implant prostheses requires many technical steps to ensure a successful outcome. With the use of monolithic materials such as zirconia, the design of the prosthesis is crucial for a superior result. The aim of this article is to outline a combined technique using a CAD/CAM software for the manufacture of fixed implant prosthesis prototypes for complete‐arch implant rehabilitations, which can be done in‐house with minimal equipment. This makes it accessible and feasible for those who wish to be involved in the design phase of such prostheses. The method involves collecting several 3D data files including the patient's current prosthesis, the definitive cast, occlusal records and photographs. The technique is described using a patient case that has been provided with digitally designed and in‐house manufactured prototypes.
Effect of Scanner Type and Scan Body Location on the Accuracy of Mandibular Complete‐Arch Digital Implant Scans: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Çakmak Gülce , Yilmaz Hakan , Treviño Santos Alejandro , Kökat Ali Murat , Yilmaz Burak
Published: August 2021

Purpose

To compare the accuracy (trueness and precision) of scans of a newly introduced intraoral scanner (IOS) (Virtuo Vivo) and a widely used IOS (Trios 3) to a laboratory scanner (LBS) (Cares 7 SERIES) for 6 implants placed in an edentulous mandible, and to investigate the effect of scan body location on trueness.

Material and methods

Scanbodies were tightened on 6 implants placed in an edentulous polymethylmethacrylate mandibular model. An industrial scanner was utilized to generate a master reference model STL file. Three different scanners were used to scan the model (2 IOSs and 1 LBS), and the scans (n = 10) were exported into STL files. Best‐fitting algorithm was used to superimpose test scans over the MRM‐STL (nominal). ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests were performed to analyze the data (α = 0.05).

Results

The distance deviations in Car7‐LBS scans were the highest (p < 0.001), whereas those in Tri‐IOS scans were the lowest (p < 0.001). Vir‐IOS had lower angular deviations than those of Tri‐IOS (p = 0.031). In Vir‐IOS scans, SB5 had higher distance deviations than SB2 (p = 0.029) and SB3 (p = 0.044). In Car7‐LBS scans, SB1 had higher distance deviations than SB3 (p = 0.015) and SB5 (p = 0.005). In Tri‐IOS scans, SB1 had higher mean distance deviations than SB2 and SB5 (p = 0.005). Vir‐IOS had lower precision than Car7‐LBS (distance deviation data) (p = 0.01). No difference was found among scanners for the precision of angular deviation data (p = 0.840).

Conclusion

When trueness and precision were considered, distance and angular deviations depended on the scanner type. None of the scanners outperformed others in accuracy considering all distance and angular deviations. Scan body location affected only the trueness (distance deviations).
Prosthodontic Rehabilitation of a Patient with Hypophosphatasia Using Dental Implants: A Case Report with Seven Years Follow‐Up
Authors: Yang Yundong , Liu Zhonghao , Wei Lingfei , Taylor Thomas D. , Xiao Huijuan
Published: August 2021

Hypophosphatasia is a rare metabolic inherited dento‐osseous disorder. Although there is some available literature on various dental characteristics of hypophosphatasia patients, few reports focus on the effects of hypophosphatasia on the permanent dentition and prosthodontic rehabilitation, particularly in relation to the use of dental implants. This paper reports a case with hypophosphatasia and prosthodontic rehabilitation using dental implants with 7‐year follow‐up.
Communicating and Connecting: Associations Between Daily Adolescent Disclosure and Mother–Adolescent Responsiveness
Authors: Villarreal Deyaun L. , Nelson Jackie A.
Published: August 2021

Adolescents who share information with their parents tend to have more positive parent–adolescent relationships. This brief report examined daily variability in adolescents’ disclosure to mothers and mother–adolescent responsiveness. Using a 7‐day intensive longitudinal design with 109 mother‐adolescent (14–18 years) pairs, multilevel models revealed the amount of information adolescents disclosed to mothers varied day‐to‐day, according to both adolescent and mother reports. On days when adolescents perceived mothers to be more responsive than usual, adolescents were more likely to disclose. On days when mothers perceived adolescents to be more responsive than usual, mothers perceived more adolescent disclosure. Lastly, more responsive adolescents disclosed more on average across the week according to both adolescent and mother reports of disclosure compared to less responsive adolescents.
Epidemiology of scoliosis in cerebral palsy: A population‐based study at skeletal maturity
Authors: Willoughby Kate L , Ang Soon Ghee , Thomason Pam , Rutz Erich , Shore Benjamin , Buckland Aaron J , Johnson Michael B , Graham H Kerr
Published: August 2021

Aim

This study investigated the prevalence of scoliosis in a large, population‐based cohort of individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) at skeletal maturity to identify associated risk factors that may inform scoliosis surveillance.

Methods

Young people with CP born between 1990 and 1992 were reviewed through routine orthopaedic review or a transition clinic. Classification of CP was recorded by movement disorder, distribution, gross and fine motor function. Clinical examination was undertaken and those with clinical evidence of scoliosis or risk factors had radiographs of the spine. Scoliosis severity was measured and categorised by Cobb angle.

Results

Two hundred and ninety‐two individuals were evaluated (78% of the birth cohort) at a mean age of 21 years, 4 months (range 16–29 years). Scoliosis (Cobb angle >10°) was found in 41%, with strong associations to the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), Manual Abilities Classification System (MACS) and dystonic/mixed movement disorders. Those at GMFCS V were 23.4 times (95%CI 9.9–55.6) more likely to develop scoliosis than those at GMFCS I. Severe curves (Cobb >40°, 13% of the cohort) were found almost exclusively in those functioning at GMFCS IV and V, and were 18.2 times (95%CI 6.9–48.5) more likely to occur in those with dystonia than those with spasticity.

Conclusions

Scoliosis was very common in young people with CP, with prevalence and severity strongly associated with GMFCS and MACS level and dystonic movement disorder. Severe curves were almost exclusively found in non‐ambulant children. Clinical screening for scoliosis should occur for all children with CP, with radiographic surveillance focusing on those functioning at GMFCS IV and V.
Sofosbuvir plus velpatasvir combination for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in patients with end stage renal disease on renal replacement therapy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: De Arka , Roy Akash , Verma Nipun , Mishra Saurabh , Premkumar Madhumita , Taneja Sunil , Singh Virendra , Duseja Ajay
Published: August 2021

Introduction

Sofosbuvir (SOF) and velpatasvir (VEL) is a pan‐genotypic regimen for the treatment of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The data on the efficacy and safety of this regimen is end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) is scanty. This systematic review and meta‐analysis was done to ascertain the efficacy and safety of SOF and VEL in patients with chronic Hepatitis C (CHC) and ESRD on renal replacement therapy (RRT).

Methods

Systematic search of Pubmed, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar was conducted using the search term (end‐stage renal disease OR renal replacement therapy OR chronic kidney failure OR severe renal impairment OR chronic kidney disease OR haemodialysis OR dialysis OR peritoneal dialysis) AND (sofosbuvir OR velpatasvir OR NS5A inhibitors OR directly acting antivirals). Pooled sustained virologic response (SVR) and adverse event rates with 95% confidence intervals were estimated.

Results

Seven studies (410 patients with CHC and ESRD on RRT) fulfilled our eligibility criteria. The overall pooled SVR rate of SOF and VEL in patients with HCV on RRT was 97.69% (95% CI: 95.71 to 98.92). There was no significant heterogeneity (I2: 39.3%, p‐value of Cochran's Q = 0.13) among the studies. The pooled estimate of efficacy of SOF‐VEL combination among patients with cirrhosis was 91.94% (95% CI 77.03–98.52). Pooled SVR rates in genotype 3 infection [94.6%, (95%: CI 81.3–99.4)] was comparable to that in those with documented non‐genotype 3 infection [94.63%, (95% CI 87.12–98.44)]. No serious adverse event attributable to SOF and VEL was reported in the included studies.

Conclusion

The fixed‐dose combination of SOF and VEL is effective and safe in CHC patients with ESRD on RRT.
‘… we really don’t know [buds] at all …’
Authors: Jones Cynthia S.
Published: August 2021

This article is a Commentary on Schoonderwoerd & Friedman (2021), 232: 523–536.
The a priori of public leadership: Social attributions to public and private leaders in different performance contexts
Authors: Hesmert Laura , Hattke Fabian , Vogel Rick
Published: August 2021

Previous scholarship provides little insight into the differences between public and private leadership in people's a priori assumptions about leaders. We advance a socio‐cognitive approach and examine how implicit social attributions to leaders are contingent on sector and performance cues. Participants completed the Semantic Misattribution Procedure to reveal implicit associations of traits with leaders in contrasting scenarios. Results show that sector cues affect such attributions, which in turn influence behavioral intentions, but only so in interaction with performance information. We conclude that public leaders earn fewer credits for success or failure than private leaders.
Worldwide time trends in prevalence of symptoms of rhinoconjunctivitis in children: Global Asthma Network Phase I
Authors: Strachan David P. , Rutter Charlotte E. , Asher Monica Innes , Bissell Karen , Chiang Chen‐Yuan , El Sony Asma , Ellwood Eamon , Ellwood Philippa , García‐Marcos Luis , Marks Guy B. , Morales Eva , Mortimer Kevin , Pearce Neil , Pérez‐Fernández Virginia , Robertson Steven , Silverwood Richard J. ,   the Global Asthma Network Phase I Study Group
Published: August 2021

Background

The Global Asthma Network (GAN), by using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) methodology, has updated trends in prevalence of symptoms of childhood allergic diseases, including non‐infective rhinitis and conjunctivitis (‘rhinoconjunctivitis’), which is reported here.

Methods

Prevalence and severity of rhinoconjunctivitis were assessed by questionnaire among schoolchildren in GAN Phase I and ISAAC Phase I and III surveys 15–23 years apart. Absolute rates of change in prevalence were estimated for each centre and modelled by multi‐level linear regression to compare trends by age group, time period and per capita national income.

Results

Twenty‐seven GAN centres in 14 countries surveyed 74,361 13‐ to 14‐year‐olds (‘adolescents’) and 45,434 6‐ to 7‐year‐olds (‘children’), with average response proportions of 90% and 79%, respectively. Many centres showed highly significant (p < .001) changes in prevalence of rhinoconjunctivitis in the past year (‘current rhinoconjunctivitis’) compared with ISAAC. The direction and magnitude of centre‐level trends varied significantly (p < .001) both within and between countries. Overall, current rhinoconjunctivitis prevalence decreased slightly from ISAAC Phase III to GAN: −1.32% per 10 years, 95% CI [−2.93%, +0.30%] among adolescents; and −0.44% [−1.29%, +0.42%] among children. Together, these differed significantly (p < .001) from the upward trend within ISAAC. Among adolescents, centre‐level trends in current rhinoconjunctivitis were highly correlated with those for eczema symptoms (rho = 0.72, p < .0001) but not with centre‐level trends in asthma symptoms (rho = 0.15, p = .48). Among children, these correlations were positive but not significant.

Conclusion

Symptoms of non‐infective rhinoconjunctivitis among schoolchildren may no longer be on the increase globally, although trends vary substantially within and between countries.
Homoeologous chromosome exchange explains the creation of a QTL affecting soil‐borne pathogen resistance in tobacco
Authors: Shi Rui , Jin Jing , Nifong Jessica M. , Shew David , Lewis Ramsey S.
Published: August 2021

Crop plant partial resistance to plant pathogens controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTL) is desirable in cultivar development programmes because of its increased durability. Mechanisms underlying such resistance are difficult to study. We performed RNA‐seq analyses for tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) nearly isogenic lines (NILs) with and without favourable allele(s) at Phn7.1, a major QTL influencing partial resistance to the soil‐borne pathogens Phytophthora nicotianae and Ralstonia solanacearum. Based upon combined analyses of transcriptome‐based sequence variation and gene expression profiles, we concluded that allelic variability at the Phn7.1 locus was likely generated from homoeologous exchange, which led to deletion of low‐expressing members of the SAR8.2 gene family and duplication of high‐expressing SAR8.2 genes from a different subgenome of allotetraploid tobacco. The high expression of endogenous Phn7.1‐associated SAR8.2 genes was correlated with observed resistance to P. nicotianae. Our findings suggest a role for genomic rearrangements in the generation of favourable genetic variability affecting resistance to pathogens in plants.
Soil penetration by maize roots is negatively related to ethylene‐induced thickening
Authors: Vanhees Dorien J. , Schneider Hannah M. , Sidhu Jagdeep Singh , Loades Kenneth W. , Bengough A. Glyn , Bennett Malcolm J. , Pandey Bipin K. , Brown Kathleen M. , Mooney Sacha J. , Lynch Jonathan P.
Published: August 2021

Radial expansion is a classic response of roots to a mechanical impedance that has generally been assumed to aid penetration. We analysed the response of maize nodal roots to impedance to test the hypothesis that radial expansion is not related to the ability of roots to cross a compacted soil layer. Genotypes varied in their ability to cross the compacted layer, and those with a steeper approach to the compacted layer or less radial expansion in the compacted layer were more likely to cross the layer and achieve greater depth. Root radial expansion was due to cortical cell size expansion, while cortical cell file number remained constant. Genotypes and nodal root classes that exhibited radial expansion in the compacted soil layer generally also thickened in response to exogenous ethylene in hydroponic culture, that is, radial expansion in response to ethylene was correlated with the thickening response to impedance in soil. We propose that ethylene insensitive roots, that is, those that do not thicken and can overcome impedance, have a competitive advantage under mechanically impeded conditions as they can maintain their elongation rates. We suggest that prolonged exposure to ethylene could function as a stop signal for axial root growth.
Limits to post‐fire vegetation recovery under climate change
Authors: Nolan Rachael H. , Collins Luke , Leigh Andy , Ooi Mark K.J. , Curran Timothy J. , Fairman Thomas A. , Resco de Dios Víctor , Bradstock Ross
Published: August 2021

Record‐breaking fire seasons in many regions across the globe raise important questions about plant community responses to shifting fire regimes (i.e., changing fire frequency, severity and seasonality). Here, we examine the impacts of climate‐driven shifts in fire regimes on vegetation communities, and likely responses to fire coinciding with severe drought, heatwaves and/or insect outbreaks. We present scenario‐based conceptual models on how overlapping disturbance events and shifting fire regimes interact differently to limit post‐fire resprouting and recruitment capacity. We demonstrate that, although many communities will remain resilient to changing fire regimes in the short‐term, longer‐term changes to vegetation structure, demography and species composition are likely, with a range of subsequent effects on ecosystem function. Resprouting species are likely to be most resilient to changing fire regimes. However, even these species are susceptible if exposed to repeated short‐interval fire in combination with other stressors. Post‐fire recruitment is highly vulnerable to increased fire frequency, particularly as climatic limitations on propagule availability intensify. Prediction of community responses to fire under climate change will be greatly improved by addressing knowledge gaps on how overlapping disturbances and climate change‐induced shifts in fire regime affect post‐fire resprouting, recruitment, growth rates, and species‐level adaptation capacity.
Should we be skeptics or contextualists about counterfactual conditionals?
Authors: Loewenstein Yael
Published: August 2021

Just as knowledge contextualism offers a way out of knowledge skepticism in the face of powerful skeptical arguments, counterfactual contextualism purports to answer the many compelling arguments for the skeptical thesis that most ordinary counterfactuals of the form ‘if A had happened, C would have happened’, are false. In this article I review a few of the arguments for counterfactual skepticism, before surveying the various types of contextualist responses. I then discuss some of the recent objections to counterfactual contextualism, with an eye toward weighing contextualism's costs with the costs of accepting skepticism. I conclude by remarking on some of the implications that skepticism and contextualism each has for many disputes in metaphysics.
Job precarity and economic prospects during the COVID‐19 public health crisis
Authors: Han Wen‐Jui , Hart Jake
Published: August 2021

Objective

As labor markets in recent decades have become increasingly volatile and precarious, more workers are susceptible to working conditions threatening their economic security. COVID‐19 has further laid bare such economic insecurity from holding a precarious job. We examined the association between precarious employment and the probability of losing income or a job during COVID‐19 pandemic.

Methods

A multivariate regression analysis was conducted using a cross‐sectional data set collected in May 2020 in the United States.

Results

Our results confirm a strong positive association between precarious employment and losing work or income. Specifically, holding part‐time work in the service sector, and feeling disempowered in the workplace, receiving low material rewards, having few benefits, and experiencing obstacles in exercising rights all significantly doubled the probability of losing income or jobs.

Conclusion

Our analysis underscores the increasing vulnerability faced by our workforce and how a public health crisis magnifies the dire consequences of a precarious job.
Breaking up is hard to do: Lessons from the strange case of New Zealand
Authors: Grier Kevin B. , Munger Michael C
Published: August 2021

Objective

To investigate historical antecedents for the likely effects of Brexit, the “breaking up” of the Commonwealth is considered. In particular, the effects on New Zealand in the period following “Brentry,” or the entry of the UK into the EU, are measured and used to forecast the pattern of impacts the UK may encounter.

Methods

The technique of Synthetic Control. This quasi‐experimental method takes conscious advantage of features of endogenous selection that enable the comparison of predicted growth against an explicit counterfactual, allowing for dynamic changes in each.

Results

We find that NZ's loss of preferential trade status after “Brentry” in 1973 created a lost decade for NZ. Using the synthetic control model, we find that current estimates understate, perhaps substantially, the negative effect of a hard Brexit on the U.K. economy.

Conclusion

NZ's famous “liberal” reforms in the 1980s did put the country back on a path parallel to its pre‐1973 path. But contrary to the conventional wisdom, these reforms did not come close to restoring NZ's income to its level had Brentry not occurred. In fact, NZ is still almost 20 percent poorer even post reforms, compared to its synthetic control.
Update on recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis
Authors: Borland Amy , Ovens Katie , Offiah Ifeoma , Dua Anupreet , Freeman Robert
Published: August 2021

Key Content

Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) affects millions of women worldwide. Defined as four or more episodes per year of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), it is a cause of significant morbidity, affecting quality of life, relationships and ability to work.

RVVC is uncommon in prepubertal girls and the incidence markedly declines following menopause.

Some gynaecologists and trainees have unmet training needs in the optimal assessment and management of RVVC.

A multifaceted approach is often required, including vulval skin care, avoidance of triggers and induction and suppression regimes with antifungal drugs.

This review combines the current literature on VVC, incorporating data on novel therapies with established standard management protocols.

Learning objectives

To be able to assess risk factors and correctly diagnose VVC.

To know the current management strategies for RVVC and the efficacy of novel therapies.

To be aware of the common differentials of bacterial vaginosis and trichomonas vaginalis and their recommended management.
Ex vivo biomechanical comparison of four Center of Rotation Angulation Based Leveling Osteotomy fixation methods
Authors: Whitney Melody E. , Butler James R. , Dycus David L. , Teer Landon B. , Elder Steve H. , Priddy Lauren B. , Wills Robert W.
Published: August 2021

Objective

To compare the strength of four constructs used to secure an osteotomy in a Center of Rotation Angulation (CORA)‐Based Leveling Osteotomy (CBLO) in an ex vivo model.

Study design

Ex vivo study.

Sample population

Thirty‐two canine tibiae from 17 skeletally mature cadavers weighing between 18 and 33.2 kg.

Methods

Thirty‐two paired tibiae with patella and patellar tendon were collected. Each tibia was randomly allocated to a construct group: plate and pin (Plate), plate with countersink compression screw (HCS), plate with tension band (TB), or plate with HCS and TB (HCSTB). Samples were loaded by distraction until failure. The stiffness, yield load, and ultimate load were compared between each fixation method.

Results

No difference in stiffness of the constructs was detected between groups (p = .6937). Yield load for the HCSTB group (1211.06 N) was greater than the TB group (1016.41 N), the HCS group (907.20 N), and the Plate group (787.73 N) (p = .0069). The ultimate load for the HCSTB group (1387.82 N) was greater than the TB group (1076.36 N), HCS group (926.62 N), and the Plate group (774.35 N) (p = .0004).

Conclusions

CBLO fixation augmented with a TB and HCS provided a stronger construct that withstood a greater yield load and ultimate load than either augmentation strategy alone.

Clinical significance

Augmenting a CBLO fixation with a TB and a HCS can provide increased construct strength.
Swinging for the Fences? Payroll, Performance, and Risk Behavior in the Major League Baseball Draft
Authors: Barden Jeffrey Q. , Choi Yohan
Published: August 2021

This study examines the way competitive advantage and organization performance mediate the effect of potential slack—externally available resources—on organization risk behavior in Major League Baseball’s amateur draft. It tests the hypotheses that local market munificence provides payroll advantage and increases on-field performance and that payroll disadvantage and poor performance increase teams’ likelihood of selecting riskier high school players instead of college players. Consistent with risk sensitivity theory, results suggest that payroll disadvantage promotes risk-taking; however, on-field success encourages risk-taking early in the draft. Indeed, pick number appears to have a U-shape relationship with risk-taking where winning increases confidence earlier in the draft and low stakes promote risk-seeking later. This study contributes to the literature by suggesting that input- and outcome-based reference metrics have different effects on risk behavior and that managerial hubris may influence risk behavior through information availability rather than having a general effect.
Charity Sport Event Sponsorship as Value Creation Strategy: An Event Participant Perspective
Authors: Fechner David , Filo Kevin , Reid Sacha , Cameron Robyn
Published: August 2021

Sponsoring charity sport events (CSEs) represents an opportunity for businesses to achieve a variety of marketing objectives. Event sponsors need to promote their brand in an authentic manner because CSE participants may be skeptical of the sponsor if they believe the organization is supporting the event solely for commercial purposes. The current research examines the perceptions that CSE participants have for a sponsor’s contribution to the value creation process of the event. Semistructured interviews (N = 17) were conducted with MS (multiple sclerosis) Moonlight Walk 2018 participants to explore how this key stakeholder perceives the contribution of the sponsor (Harbour ISP [Internet service provider]) in the event experience. Five themes were uncovered: raising CSE awareness, cultivating a fundraising network, engaging authentically, celebrating constituents, and providing operational support. Building on the findings of this research, CSE managers and sponsors should work to share the story behind their partnership while integrating event participants in the development of the sponsorship program.
“Out of the Black, Into the Big Blue” on a Single Breath: Sport Event Value Co-Creation as Symbolic World-Making
Authors: Ziakas Vassilios , Lundberg Christine , Sakkas Giorgos
Published: August 2021

Building upon the perspectives of sport value co-creation and symbolic action, this study employs a hermeneutic analysis of the socio-cultural dynamics shaping value in events. It examines the symbolic co-construction of a participatory small-scale event and the attached meanings that instantiate perceptions of value. The authors investigate a free-diving event held on the Greek island of Amorgos commemorating the 1988 film “Big Blue.” Fieldwork was conducted during the event, including focus groups, semi-structured interviews, and observation. Findings demonstrate the event’s dramaturgic hypostasis acting both as symbolic social space and multi-stakeholder value co-creation platform. Three overarching themes epitomize the actors’ experience: connecting, communing, and belonging. This reveals a dramaturgical world-making stage in which co-creative instantiators embody meanings that coordinate interaction, communicate information, integrate resources, and evaluate value. This study calls for comprehensive dramatological inquiries embracing the collective embodiment of events as social dramas that enable collaboration through the instantiation of shared meanings.
Mega Sporting Events and Inward Foreign Direct Investment: An Investigation of the Differences Among the Types of Sporting Events and Host Countries
Authors: Lertwachara Kaveepong , Tongurai Jittima , Boonchoo Pattana
Published: August 2021

Building on the location advantage theory for international business, the authors used the event study approach, used extensively in the finance literature, to examine the effects of hosting mega sporting events on inward foreign direct investment (FDI) in countries that hosted the Olympic Games, the International Federation of Association Football World Cup, the Union of European Football Associations Championship, and the Asian Games between 1960 and 2018. In general, the authors’ findings suggested that host countries experienced beneficial effects from hosting mega sporting events. Increases in FDI inflows were more pronounced following the hosting announcements and until the event year. Hosting the Summer Olympic Games, the Union of European Football Associations Championship, and the International Federation of Association Football World Cup all drew a high level of positive abnormal FDI, while hosting the Asian Games induced negative abnormal FDI. The effects of hosting mega sporting events on inward FDI were also found to differ between countries. For instance, host countries in the Middle East and North Africa, and Latin America and the Caribbean appeared to benefit more from hosting a mega sporting event.
Generalization From Physical Education to Recess During an Elementary Sport Education Season
Authors: Cheng Shu , Coolkens Rosalie , Ward Phillip , Iserbyt Peter
Published: August 2021

Purpose: Our purpose was to investigate the effect of generalization of participation in parkour from physical education classes to organized parkour recess. Methods: A total of 143 (64 girls and 79 boys) third-grade elementary school children received a 12-lesson parkour sport education season in physical education. Voluntary participation in five organized parkour recess sessions was investigated. Moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) data in physical education, organized parkour recess, and traditional recess were collected. Results: Girls participated significantly more in organized parkour recess compared with boys (53% vs. 35%, p = .034). Boys achieved significantly higher MVPA than girls in physical education (47% vs. 42%, p = .045), organized parkour recess (73% vs. 65%, p = .003), and traditional recess (56% vs. 36%, p < .001). Children generated on average 22% of MVPA through performing parkour-specific skills in organized parkour recess. Conclusion: Generalization of participation from physical education classes to organized recess programs is a promising strategy to increase children’s daily MVPA.
Exploring Game Performance and Game Involvement: Effects of a Sport Education Season and a Combined Sport Education—Teaching Games for Understanding Unit
Authors: Guijarro Eva , MacPhail Ann , Arias-Palencia Natalia María , González-Víllora Sixto
Published: August 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish any difference in terms of game performance and game involvement using Sport Education (SE) or a combined use of SE and Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU). In a bid to facilitate future implementation of these models, the study provides a rich description of the pedagogies arising during both interventions. Method: The participants were 85 fourth- and fifth-grade students (aged 9–11) from four physical education classes within one elementary school. The content was a 15-lesson season of basketball taught through the principles of SE or a combined use of SE and TGfU. The game performance assessment instrument was used in a systematic observation of video recordings of students’ game behavior. Results: In terms of decision making, support, overall game performance, and game involvement, a combined use of SE and TGfU unit overtakes the scores in SE. Conclusions: There is evidence that supporting the use of combined models in the physical education context can improve students’ game performance and game involvement.
Inclusive Physical Education: A Critical Discourse Analysis of the Ontario Secondary School Health and Physical Education Curriculum
Authors: Selkirk Enid K. , Missiuna Cheryl , Moll Sandra , Rosenbaum Peter , Campbell Wenonah
Published: August 2021

Purpose: Education policies require inclusive practices across student learning environments internationally. In Canada, provinces and territories oversee their own curriculum development. This study presents a critical discourse analysis of how inclusive education is addressed within Ontario’s 2015 Health and Physical Education Curriculum, Grades 9–12. Method: Fairclough and Chouliaraki’s approach to critical discourse analysis, which encompasses structural, linguistic, and interdiscursive analysis, was used to show how language is interwoven within ideologies of physical education to represent inclusivity. Results: Three discourses were identified: (a) the discourse of equity and inclusion, (b) the discourse of opportunity, and (c) the discourse of positive outcomes. The curriculum reflects inclusivity through overt language and intention, holding the possibility for choice and opportunities beyond traditional notions of physical education. Discussion: Concerns included whether ideals presented in the curriculum reflect the realities of “discourse in action.” Transformative discourses within physical education should emerge from the student voice.
“Wow! They’re Teaching Each Other”: Primary Teachers’ Perspectives of Implementing Cooperative Learning to Accomplish Social and Emotional Learning in Aotearoa New Zealand Physical Education
Authors: Dyson Ben , Howley Donal , Shen Yanhua
Published: August 2021

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to explore primary teachers’ perspectives of implementing cooperative learning (CL) to accomplish social and emotional learning (SEL) in Aotearoa New Zealand physical education.Method:A qualitative case study design gathered data from 21 teachers at four primary schools using interviews, focus groups, and field notes. Inductive and deductive analysis were used for data analysis.Findings:Four primary themes are presented:emotional processes, social and interpersonal skills, students working it out, and taking time. Findings show that using CL as a pedagogical approach allowed teachers to teach for and accomplish SEL outcomes while accomplishing broader learning outcomes in physical education. However, there appeared to be shortcomings and constraints in the implementation of CL to accomplish SEL outcomes comprehensively.Conclusion:Future research should look to examine and connect professional learning involving pedagogical approaches like CL in physical education to SEL theory and school settings to enhance learning.
Developing Preservice Teachers’ Adaptive Competence Using Repeated Rehearsals, Opportunities to Reflect, and Lesson Plan Modifications
Authors: Xie Xiuye , Ward Phillip , Seok Chey Won , Dillon Leslie , Trainer Scott , Cho Kyuil
Published: August 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine how preservice teachers (PSTs) developed their adaptive competence in lesson planning through repeated rehearsals and reflections in an online learning environment. Methods: A case study design utilizing descriptive analysis was used to analyze data collected from a series of lesson plan iterations made by nine PSTs in a physical education teacher education program. All participants attended one online introductory methods course, which consisted of a synchronous lecture and laboratory components to learn fundamental instruction and management skills in teaching physical education. Findings: PSTs made positive adaptations in five core practices in their lesson plan iterations. However, the frequency of adaptations in each core practice varied in different lesson components. The findings suggest that the complexity of content being taught and opportunities embedded in each lesson component may influence how adaptations were made in lesson plans. Conclusions: Repeated rehearsals and reflections can facilitate PSTs’ development of adaptations in lesson planning in an online environment. However, learning environments may prevent PSTs from adapting certain core practices.
Novel CSL bounds from the noise-induced radiation emission from atoms
Authors: Donadi Sandro , Piscicchia Kristian , Del Grande Raffaele , Curceanu Catalina , Laubenstein Matthias , Bassi Angelo
Published: August 2021

We study spontaneous radiation emission from matter, as predicted by the Continuous Spontaneous Localization (CSL) collapse model. We show that, in an appropriate range of energies of the emitted radiation, the largest contribution comes from the atomic nuclei. Specifically, we show that in the energy range $$E\sim 10\,-\,10^{5}$$

E
∼
10

-

10
5

keV the contribution to the radiation emission from the atomic nuclei grows quadratically with the atomic number of the atom, overtaking the contribution from the electrons, which grows only linearly. This theoretical prediction is then compared with the data from a dedicated experiment performed at the extremely low background environment of the Gran Sasso underground National Laboratory, where the radiation emitted form a sample of Germanium was measured.As a result, we obtain the strongest bounds on the CSL parameters for $$r_C\le 10^{-6}$$

r
C

≤

10

-
6

m, improving the previous ones by more than an order of magnitude.
A microlocal approach to renormalization in stochastic PDEs
Authors: Dappiaggi Claudio , Drago Nicolò , Rinaldi Paolo , Zambotti Lorenzo
Published: August 2021

We present a novel framework for the study of a large class of nonlinear stochastic partial differential equations (PDEs), which is inspired by the algebraic approach to quantum field theory. The main merit is that, by realizing random fields within a suitable algebra of functional-valued distributions, we are able to use techniques proper of microlocal analysis which allow us to discuss renormalization and its associated freedom without resorting to any regularization scheme and to the subtraction of infinities. As an example of the effectiveness of the approach we apply it to the perturbative analysis of the stochastic [Formula: see text] model.
Non-well-ordered lower and upper solutions for semilinear systems of PDEs
Authors: Fonda Alessandro , Klun Giuliano , Sfecci Andrea
Published: August 2021

We prove existence results for systems of boundary value problems involving elliptic second-order differential operators. The assumptions involve lower and upper solutions, which may be either well-ordered, or not at all. The results are stated in an abstract framework, and can be translated also for systems of parabolic type.
Hash and Prediction-Error-Based Reversible Watermarking for Medical Images
Authors: Krishnamoorthi Nirmala , Chinnababu Vinoth Kumar
Published: August 2021

In reversible watermarking (RW), the original cover image and the watermarked information are restored without any distortion. A secure RW technique using hybrid prediction and difference pair mapping along with the hashing algorithm is proposed in this paper. The four-stage imperceptible watermarking employed in this technique enlarges the payload capacity with low distortion in stego-image. The data authentication is used for protection of message integrity and validation of originator identification. Mean square error and peak signal-to-noise ratio are used for analyzing the robustness of the watermarked image. The simulation result shows that this method performs better than the other existing state-of-the-art methods.
BVPs with the nonlinearity depending on the fractional derivative
Authors: Biranvand Nader , Salari Amjad , Sababe Saeed Hashemi
Published: August 2021

In this paper, we study the existence and the numerical estimates of the solutions for a set of fractional differential equations. The nonlinear part of the problem, however, presupposes certain hypotheses. Particularly, for the exact localization of the parameter, the existence of a non-zero solution is established, which requires the sublinearity of the nonlinear part at origin and infinity. The novelty of this paper is to use variational methods to obtain the multiplicity of solutions of boundary value problems with the nonlinearity depending on the fractional derivative.
On groups with conjugate-permutable subgroups
Authors: Murashka Viachaslau I.
Published: August 2021

According to Foguel, a subgroup H of a group G is called conjugate-permutable if [Formula: see text] for every [Formula: see text]. Mingyao Xu and Qinhai Zhang studied finite groups with every subgroup conjugate-permutable (ECP-groups) and asked three questions about them. We gave the answers to these questions. In particular, every group of exponent 3 is an ECP-group, there exist non-regular ECP-3-groups and the class of all finite ECP-groups is neither a formation nor a variety.
Nobusawa gamma nearness hemirings
Authors: Teki̇n Özlem , Öztürk Mehmet Ali̇
Published: August 2021

The aim of this paper is to introduce Nobusawa [Formula: see text]-nearness hemiring theory and also to study some properties of ideals and prime (semiprime) ideals for Nobusawa [Formula: see text]-nearness hemirings.
Graded φ-2-absorbing hyperideals in graded multiplicative hyperrings
Authors: Farzalipour F. , Ghiasvand P.
Published: August 2021

Let G be an abelian group with identity e. Let R be a graded multiplicative hyperring and [Formula: see text] be a function where [Formula: see text] is the set of graded hyperideals of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] for every graded hyperideal I of R. In this paper, we introduce and study the concepts of graded [Formula: see text]-2-absorbing hyperideals and graded [Formula: see text]-2-absorbing primary hyperideals of [Formula: see text]. Moreover, we give a number of main results and the basic properties concerning these classes of graded hyperideals and their homogeneous components.
The linear canonical Hankel type transformations associated with translation and convolution
Authors: Waphare B. B.
Published: August 2021

This paper is the study of Hankel type translation and Hankel type convolution for linear canonical Hankel type transformations. In this paper, I have studied some inequalities associated with Hankel type translation and Hankel type convolution. Also, I have studied some applications of linear canonical Hankel transformation to a canonical convolution integral equation and a generalized nonlinear parabolic equation.