bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Universal ingredients to parenting teens: parental warmth and autonomy support promote adolescent well-being in most families
Authors: Bülow Anne , Neubauer Andreas B. , Soenens Bart , Boele Savannah , Denissen Jaap J. A. , Keijsers Loes
Published: October 2022

Even though each adolescent is unique, some ingredients for development may still be universal. According to Self-Determination Theory, every adolescent’s well-being should benefit when parents provide warmth and autonomy. To rigorously test this idea that each family has similar mechanisms, we followed 159 Dutch parent-adolescent dyads (parent: Mage = 45.34, 79% mothers; adolescent: Mage = 13.31, 62% female) for more than three months, and collected 100 consecutive daily reports of parental warmth, autonomy support, positive and negative affect. Positive effects of parental warmth and autonomy support upon well-being were found in 91–98% of the families. Preregistered analysis of 14,546 daily reports confirmed that effects of parenting differed in strength (i.e., some adolescents benefited more than others), but were universal in their direction (i.e., in fewer than 1% of families effects were in an unexpected direction). Albeit stronger with child-reported parenting, similar patterns were found with parent-reports. Adolescents who benefited most from need-supportive parenting in daily life were characterized by higher overall sensitivity to environmental influences. Whereas recent work suggests that each child and each family have unique developmental mechanisms, this study suggests that need-supportive parenting promotes adolescent well-being in most families.
Seasonal challenges of tropical bats in temperate zones
Authors: Weinberg Maya , Mazar Omer , Rachum Adi , Chen Xing , Goutink Sophia , Lifshitz Nora , Winter-Livneh Rona , Czirják Gábor Á. , Yovel Yossi
Published: October 2022

To examine the challenges faced by free-ranging Rousettus aegyptiacus living at the northern edge of their distribution, we performed a retrospective analysis of 2196 clinical cases reported by a bat rescue NGO over a period of 36 months, from throughout Israel. All cases of injured bats were evaluated and categorized according to date, place, sex, age, and etiology of the morbidity. The data analysis revealed an increase in all types of morbidity during the wintertime, with more than two-fold the number of cases per week compared to in the summer, over three consecutive years. Moreover, we found that the number of abandoned pups peaked during spring and summer, when adult morbidity is minimal. We characterized two prominent types of previously undescribed morbidities in R. aegyptiacus. We also employed GPS tracking to monitor the movement and foraging of dozens of bats, and to examine the potential correlates of elevated winter morbidity. Our results suggest that it is mainly harsh weather that drives the observed winter morbidity, with food limitations playing a minor-role. We hypothesize that R. aegyptiacus, of tropical origin, is facing major seasonal survival difficulties near the northern edge of its distribution, probably limiting its spread further northwards still.
Green synthesis of cellulose nanocrystal/ZnO bio-nanocomposites exerting antibacterial activity and downregulating virulence toxigenic genes of food-poisoning bacteria
Authors: Dawwam Ghada E. , Al-Shemy Mona T. , El-Demerdash Azza S.
Published: October 2022

Recently, cellulose nanocrystals (CNs) have attracted wide attention owing to their superior properties compared to their bulk materials. For example, they represent an outstanding model for fabricating green metallic/metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs). In this study, two CNs (carboxylated CNs and sulfated CNs) extracted from agro-wastes of palm sheath fibers were used as templates for the facile and green synthesis of ZnO NPs by employing the sono-co-precipitation method. The obtained nanomaterials were characterized using TEM, EDX, UV–visible, DLS, FT-IR, and XRD analysis. As a result, the size and concentration of synthesized ZnO NPs were inversely proportional to one another and were affected by the CNs utilized and the reaction temperature used. Contagious diseases incited by multifarious toxigenic bacteria present severe threats to human health. The fabricated bio-nanocomposites were evaluated in terms of their antimicrobial efficacy by agar well diffusion method and broth microdilution assay, showing that CN–ZnO bio-nanocomposites were effective against the tested Gram-negative (Escherichia coliandSalmonella) and Gram-positive (Listeria monocytogenesandStaphylococcus aureus) bacteria. The influence of the subinhibitory concentrations of these suspensions on the expression of the most critical virulence toxin genes of the tested strains was effective. Significant downregulation levels were observed through toxigenic operons to both fabricated CN–ZnO bio-nanocomposites with a fold change ranging from 0.004 to 0.510, revealing a decline in the capacity and virulence of microorganisms to pose infections. Therefore, these newly fabricated CNS–ZnO bio-nanocomposites could be employed rationally in food systems as a novel preservative to inhibit microbial growth and repress the synthesis of exotoxins.
A novel experimental approach to characterize neutron fields at high- and low-energy particle accelerators
Authors: Braccini Saverio , Casolaro Pierluigi , Dellepiane Gaia , Mateu Isidre , Mercolli Lorenzo , Pola Andrea , Rastelli Dario , Scampoli Paola
Published: October 2022

The characterization of particle accelerator induced neutron fields is challenging but fundamental for research and industrial activities, including radiation protection, neutron metrology, developments of neutron detectors for nuclear and high-energy physics, decommissioning of nuclear facilities, and studies of neutron damage on materials and electronic components. This work reports on the study of a novel approach to the experimental characterization of neutron spectra at two complex accelerator environments, namely the CERF, a high-energy mixed reference field at CERN in Geneva, and the Bern medical cyclotron laboratory, a facility used for multi-disciplinary research activities, and for commercial radioisotope production for nuclear medicine. Measurements were performed through an innovative active neutron spectrometer called DIAMON, a device developed to provide in real time neutron energy spectra without the need of guess distributions. The intercomparison of DIAMON measurements with reference data, Monte Carlo simulations, and with the well-established neutron monitor Berthold LB 6411, has been found to be highly satisfactory in all conditions. It was demonstrated that DIAMON is an almost unique device able to characterize neutron fields induced by hadrons at 120 GeV/c as well as by protons at 18 MeV colliding with different materials. The accurate measurement of neutron spectra at medical cyclotrons during routine radionuclide production for nuclear medicine applications is of paramount importance for the facility decommissioning. The findings of this work are the basis for establishing a methodology for producing controlled proton-induced neutron beams with medical cyclotrons.
Nitrogen and carbon stable isotope analysis sheds light on trophic competition between two syntopic land iguana species from Galápagos
Authors: Gargano Marco , Colosimo Giuliano , Gratton Paolo , Marta Silvio , Brilli Mauro , Giustini Francesca , Sevilla Christian , Gentile Gabriele
Published: October 2022

Coexistence between closely related species can lead to intense competition for resources. Stable isotope analysis (SIA) is a reliable tool to estimate the extent of species competition. We employed SIA to evaluate niche partitioning among two syntopic species of Galápagos land iguanas:Conolophus subcristatusandC. marthae. Samples were collected on Wolf Volcano, Isabela Island, whereC. marthaeis endemic and syntopic withC. subcristatus. We determined δ13C and δ15N ratios and described the isotopic niche of each species using corrected standard ellipse area (SEAc). We tested for differentiation between the isotopic niches, while controlling for sex, body size, spatial location of samples and mean annual primary productivity at capture points, using bivariate linear models. Despite the extensive overlap of the isotopic niches, we found species and sex to be a significant, interacting predictor of a sample’s location in the δ13C, δ15N space, indicating the existence of niche partitioning mechanisms acting between species and sexes. We also found that body size and productivity at the capture points, compounded with yet undetermined spatial effects, explain ca. 75% of the differences observed between species and sexes, providing evidence for differential microhabitat and food-items usage. Our study provides essential baselines for evaluating conservation actions forC. marthae,such as the potential translocation to a sanctuary area free of competition fromC. subcristatus.
Spatial–temporal trends of COVID-19 infection and mortality in Sudan
Authors: Abd El-Raheem Ghada Omer Hamad , Elamin Hind Eltayeb Salih , Ahmad Zuhal Mohammednour Omer , Noma Mounkaila
Published: October 2022

Since its emergence, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is constantly affecting many parts of the globe and threatening millions of lives worldwide. Charting and aligning disease incidence to identify spatial clustering and patterns continue to be a substantial pathway to understanding disease epidemiology and is essential for implementing effective planning and prevention strategies. A national descriptive study was implemented to present the infection and mortality rates of the COVID-19 pandemic in all states of Sudan. Data were collected and summarized in monthly statistical reports of COVID-19 infection and mortality rates. The reports used were from May 2020 to March 2021. The highest COVID-19 incidence rate occurred in December 2020 with a total incidence of 4863 cases ranging from 0 cases in some of the states to 4164 cases in other states (mean = 270 ± 946, median = 21 cases). Followed by the incidence in May 2020 with a total of 4524 cases ranging from 4 to 3509 cases (mean = 251 ± 794, median = 31 cases). The western and southern states of the country had the lowest mortality rates. While, the middle states (Khartoum and El Gezira) had the highest mortalities. Northern and eastern states had lower mortalities than the middle states, yet, higher than the western states. A strong positive correlation between infection and mortality was found.
The role of EUS elastography-guided fine needle biopsy in the histological diagnosis of solid pancreatic lesions: a prospective exploratory study
Authors: Ohno Eizaburo , Kawashima Hiroki , Ishikawa Takuya , Mizutani Yasuyuki , Iida Tadashi , Nishio Ryo , Uetsuki Kota , Yashika Jun , Yamada Kenta , Yoshikawa Masakatsu , Gibo Noriaki , Aoki Toshinori , Kataoka Kunio , Mori Hiroshi , Takada Yoshihisa , Aoi Hironori , Takahashi Hidekazu , Yamamura Takeshi , Furukawa Kazuhiro , Nakamura Masanao , Shimoyama Yoshie , Hirooka Yoshiki , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of Endoscopic ultrasound elastography-guided fine needle biopsy (EUS-EG-FNB) for the diagnosis of pancreatic mass lesions. EUS-EG images were classified into heterogeneous and homogeneous groups. For the heterogeneous group, EUS-FNB was separately performed in both hard areas and soft areas. Only samples obtained during the first two passes (hard/soft areas) were used to compare the diagnostic accuracy as well as the quality and quantity of the specimens. We investigated the association of EUS-EG findings using strain histogram analysis with the histological findings. Fifty-five patients were enrolled including 25 patients with heterogeneous group. The homogeneous group had significantly lower mean strain value (hard) lesions. The adequate sampling rates from hard and soft areas were 88 and 92%, respectively (P = 0.6374). Comparison of the diagnostic accuracy and the quality and quantity of the histological core between hard and soft areas showed no significant differences. In pancreatic adenocarcinoma cases, the proportion of fibrous stroma in the core tissue was significantly correlated with the elasticity of the region. (R2 = 0.1226: P = 0.0022) EUS-EG may reflect tissue composition in pancreatic tumors, however, EUS-EG did not affect either the quality and quantity of the tissues obtained.

Clinical Trial Registry No: UMIN-000033073.
Comparative genomic and biochemical analyses identify a collagen galactosylhydroxylysyl glucosyltransferase from Acanthamoeba polyphaga mimivirus
Authors: Wu Wenhui , Kim Jeong Seon , Bailey Aaron O. , Russell William K. , Richards Stephen J. , Chen Tiantian , Chen Tingfei , Chen Zhenhang , Liang Bo , Yamauchi Mitsuo , Guo Houfu
Published: October 2022

Humans and Acanthamoeba polyphaga mimivirus share numerous homologous genes, including collagens and collagen-modifying enzymes. To explore this homology, we performed a genome-wide comparison between human and mimivirus using DELTA-BLAST (Domain Enhanced Lookup Time Accelerated BLAST) and identified 52 new putative mimiviral proteins that are homologous with human proteins. To gain functional insights into mimiviral proteins, their human protein homologs were organized into Gene Ontology (GO) and REACTOME pathways to build a functional network. Collagen and collagen-modifying enzymes form the largest subnetwork with most nodes. Further analysis of this subnetwork identified a putative collagen glycosyltransferase R699. Protein expression test suggested that R699 is highly expressed in Escherichia coli, unlike the human collagen-modifying enzymes. Enzymatic activity assay and mass spectrometric analyses showed that R699 catalyzes the glucosylation of galactosylhydroxylysine to glucosylgalactosylhydroxylysine on collagen using uridine diphosphate glucose (UDP-glucose) but no other UDP-sugars as a sugar donor, suggesting R699 is a mimiviral collagen galactosylhydroxylysyl glucosyltransferase (GGT). To facilitate further analysis of human and mimiviral homologous proteins, we presented an interactive and searchable genome-wide comparison website for quickly browsing human and Acanthamoeba polyphaga mimivirus homologs, which is available at RRID Resource ID: SCR_022140 or https://guolab.shinyapps.io/app-mimivirus-publication/.
Retrospective study for the universal applicability of the residue-based linear free energy relationship in the two-state exchange of protein molecules
Authors: Fujinami Daisuke , Hayashi Seiichiro , Kohda Daisuke
Published: October 2022

Multiprobe measurements, such as NMR and hydrogen exchange studies, can provide the equilibrium constant, K, and rate constants for forward and backward processes, k and k′, of the two-state structural changes of a polypeptide on a per-residue basis. We previously found a linear relationship between log K and log k and between log K and log k′ for the topological exchange of a 27-residue bioactive peptide. To test the general applicability of the residue-based linear free energy relationship (rbLEFR), we performed a literature search to collect residue-specific K, k, and k′ values in various exchange processes, including folding-unfolding equilibrium, coupled folding and binding of intrinsically disordered peptides, and structural fluctuations of folded proteins. The good linearity in a substantial number of the log–log plots proved that the rbLFER holds for the structural changes in a wide variety of protein-related phenomena. Among the successful cases, the hydrogen exchange study of apomyoglobin folding intermediates is particularly interesting. We found that the residues that deviated from the linear relationship corresponded to the α-helix, for which transient translocation had been identified by other experiments. Thus, the rbLFER is useful for studying the structures and energetics of the dynamic states of protein molecules.
Light-field microscopy with correlated beams for high-resolution volumetric imaging
Authors: Massaro Gianlorenzo , Giannella Davide , Scagliola Alessio , Lena Francesco Di , Scarcelli Giuliano , Garuccio Augusto , Pepe Francesco V. , D’Angelo Milena
Published: October 2022

Light-field microscopy represents a promising solution for microscopic volumetric imaging, thanks to its capability to encode information on multiple planes in a single acquisition. This is achieved through its peculiar simultaneous capture of information on light spatial distribution and propagation direction. However, state-of-the-art light-field microscopes suffer from a detrimental loss of spatial resolution compared to standard microscopes. In this article, we experimentally demonstrate the working principle of a new scheme, called Correlation Light-field Microscopy (CLM), where the correlation between two light beams is exploited to achieve volumetric imaging with a resolution that is only limited by diffraction. In CLM, a correlation image is obtained by measuring intensity correlations between a large number of pairs of ultra-short frames; each pair of frames is illuminated by the two correlated beams, and is exposed for a time comparable with the source coherence time. We experimentally show the capability of CLM to recover the information contained in out-of-focus planes within three-dimensional test targets and biomedical phantoms. In particular, we demonstrate the improvement of the depth of field enabled by CLM with respect to a conventional microscope characterized by the same resolution. Moreover, the multiple perspectives contained in a single correlation image enable reconstructing over 50 distinguishable transverse planes within a 1 mm3 sample.
Effectiveness of enzymatic hydrolysis for reducing the allergenic potential of legume by-products
Authors: Calcinai Luisa , Bonomini Maria Giulia , Leni Giulia , Faccini Andrea , Puxeddu Ilaria , Giannini Daiana , Petrelli Fiorella , Prandi Barbara , Sforza Stefano , Tedeschi Tullia
Published: October 2022

The interest in agri-food residues and their valorization has grown considerably, and many of them are today considered to be valuable, under-exploited sources of different compounds and notably proteins. Despite the beneficial properties of legumes by-products, there are also some emerging risks to consider, including their potential allergenicity. In this work the immunoreactivity of chickpea, pea, and white bean by-products was assessed, and whether the production of enzymatic hydrolysates can be an effective strategy to reduce this allergenic potential. The results presented clearly indicate that the efficiency of this strategy is strongly related to the enzyme used and the food matrix. All legume by-products showed immunoreactivity towards serum of legume-allergic patients. Hydrolysates from alcalase did not show residual immunoreactivity for chickpea and green pea, whereas hydrolysates from papain still presented some immunoreactivity. However, for white beans, the presence of antinutritional factors prevented a complete hydrolysis, yielding a residual immunoreactivity even after enzymatic hydrolysis with alcalase.
The hand tremor spectrum is modified by the inertial sensor mass during lightweight wearable and smartphone-based assessment in healthy young subjects
Authors: Santos Patrícia Seixas Alves , Santos Enzo Gabriel Rocha , Monteiro Luis Carlos Pereira , Santos-Lobato Bruno Lopes , Pinto Gustavo Henrique Lima , Belgamo Anderson , Cabral André Santos , de Athayde Costa e Silva Anselmo , Callegari Bianca , Souza Givago Silva
Published: October 2022

Tremors are common disorders characterized by an involuntary and relatively rhythmic oscillation that can occur in any part of the body and may be physiological or associated with some pathological condition. It is known that the mass loading can change the power spectral distribution of the tremor. Nowadays, many instruments have been used in the evaluation of tremors with bult-in inertial sensors, such as smartphones and wearables, which can significantly differ in the device mass. The aim of this study was to compare the quantification of hand tremor using Fourier spectral techniques obtained from readings of accelerometers built-in a lightweight handheld device and a commercial smartphone in healthy young subjects. We recruited 28 healthy right-handed subjects with ages ranging from 18 to 40 years. We tested hand tremors at rest and postural conditions using lightweight wearable device (5.7 g) and smartphone (169 g). Comparing both devices at resting tremor, we found with smartphone the power distribution of peak ranging 5 and 12 Hz in both hands. With wearable, the result was similar but less evident. When comparing both devices in postural tremor, there were significant differences in both frequency ranges in peak frequency and peak amplitude in both hands. Our main findings show that in resting condition the hand tremor spectrum had a higher peak amplitude in the 5–12 Hz range when the tremor was recorded with smartphones, and in postural condition there was a significantly (p < 0.05) higher peak power spectrum and peak frequency in the dominant hand tremors recorded with smartphones compared to those obtained with lightweight wearable device. Devices having different masses can alter the features of the hand tremor spectrum and their mutual comparisons can be prejudiced.
The effect of different ammonium to nitrate ratios on antioxidant activity, morpho-physiological and phytochemical traits of Moldavian balm (Dracocephalum moldavica)
Authors: Naseri Ali , Alirezalu Abolfazl , Noruzi Parviz , Alirezalu Kazem
Published: October 2022

Improving yield and secondary metabolites production of medicinal plants through nutrition management recently has been considered. The present study was done to determine the effects of different ammonium (NH4+) to nitrate (NO3−) ratios (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, 0:100) on morphophysiological, nutrient contents (N, P, K, Ca, and Mg), phenolic compounds (Total phenolics (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) contents and individual phenolics including chlorogenic acid, rosmarinic acid, gallic acid, cinnamic acid, caffeic acid, rutin, p-Coumaric acid, apigenin, and quercetin by HPLC–DAD), essential oil composition (by GC and GC–MS), and antioxidant capacity (by DPPH and FRAP assays) of Moldavian balm (Dracocephalum moldavicaL.) in deep water culture (DWC) system. The highest biomass and morphological traits values ofD. moldavicaobserved in 0:100 ratio of NH4+:NO3−. Also, the highest TPC and TFC was earned in plants that supplied with 0:100 ratio of NH4+:NO3−. Using the 25:75 ratio of NH4+:NO3−caused the highest nutrient contents (N, Ca and Mg) in the leaves. p-Coumaric acid was detected as the major abundant phenolic compound in extracts and the application of 75:25 ratio of NH4+:NO3resulted in the highest amounts of p-Coumaric acid, gallic acid, rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, quercetin, and rutin. The highest antioxidant capacity by both FRAP and DPPH assays was obtained in 75:25 ratio of NH4+:NO3−. Also, the highest geranial and geranyl acetate, geraniol, and neral were obtained in 75:25, 25:75, and 50:50 ratios of NH4+:NO3−, respectively. Plants supplied with the 0:100 ratio of NH4+:NO3−, had the highest total carotenoids, while the highest chlorophyll a and b content gained with 75:25 ratio of NH4+:NO3−. These results suggest that the management of N source in nutrient recipe could contribute to enhance of morphophysiological traits, antioxidant activity and phytochemical compounds in Moldavian balm.
Assessment of a three-axis on-rotor sensing performance for machining process monitoring: a case study
Authors: Li Chun , Zou Zhexiang , Lu Kaibo , Wang Hongjun , Cattley Robert , Ball Andrew D.
Published: October 2022

Online monitoring of cutting conditions is essential in intelligent manufacturing, and vibrations are one of the most effective signals in monitoring machining conditions. Generally, traditional wired accelerometers should be installed on a motionless or stable platform, such as a tool holder or lathe bed, to sense vibrations. Such installation methods would cause the signals to suffer more serious noise interferences and a low signal-to-noise ratio, resulting in less sensitivity to valuable information. Therefore, this study developed a novel three-axis wireless on-rotor sensing (ORS) system for monitoring the turning process. The Micro Electromechanical System (MEMS) accelerometer sensor node can be mounted on a rotating workpiece or spindle rotor and is more sensitive in detecting the vibrations of the entire rotor system without any modification of the lathe system and interference in the cutting procedure. The processor, data acquisition, and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) 5.0+ modules were developed and debugged to cooperate with a piezoelectric triaxial accelerometer, with a vibration amplitude not larger than ± 16 g. A series of turning tests were conducted and the results were compared with those from the commercial wired accelerometers, which proved that the ORS system can measure the vibration signal of the rotor system more effectively and sensitively than wired accelerometers, thus demonstrating the accurate monitoring of machining parameters.
Delineating cooperative effects of Notch and biomechanical signals on patterned liver differentiation
Authors: Jain Ishita , Berg Ian C. , Acharya Ayusha , Blaauw Maddie , Gosstola Nicholas , Perez-Pinera Pablo , Underhill Gregory H.
Published: October 2022

Controlled in vitro multicellular culture systems with defined biophysical microenvironment have been used to elucidate the role of Notch signaling in the spatiotemporal regulation of stem and progenitor cell differentiation. In addition, computational models incorporating features of Notch ligand-receptor interactions have provided important insights into Notch pathway signaling dynamics. However, the mechanistic relationship between Notch-mediated intercellular signaling and cooperative microenvironmental cues is less clear. Here, liver progenitor cell differentiation patterning was used as a model to systematically evaluate the complex interplay of cellular mechanics and Notch signaling along with identifying combinatorial mechanisms guiding progenitor fate. We present an integrated approach that pairs a computational intercellular signaling model with defined microscale culture configurations provided within a cell microarray platform. Specifically, the cell microarray-based experiments were used to validate and optimize parameters of the intercellular Notch signaling model. This model incorporated the experimentally established multicellular dimensions of the cellular microarray domains, mechanical stress-related activation parameters, and distinct Notch receptor-ligand interactions based on the roles of the Notch ligands Jagged-1 and Delta-like-1. Overall, these studies demonstrate the spatial control of mechanotransduction-associated components, key growth factor and Notch signaling interactions, and point towards a possible role of E-Cadherin in translating intercellular mechanical gradients to downstream Notch signaling.
SMAD2/3 mediate oncogenic effects of TGF-β in the absence of SMAD4
Authors: Bertrand-Chapel Adrien , Caligaris Cassandre , Fenouil Tanguy , Savary Clara , Aires Sophie , Martel Sylvie , Huchedé Paul , Chassot Christelle , Chauvet Véronique , Cardot-Ruffino Victoire , Morel Anne-Pierre , Subtil Fabien , Mohkam Kayvan , Mabrut Jean-Yves , Tonon Laurie , Viari Alain , Cassier Philippe , Hervieu Valérie , Castets Marie , Mauviel Alain , Sentis Stéphanie , Bartholin Laurent
Published: October 2022

TGF-β signaling is involved in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumorigenesis, representing one of the four major pathways genetically altered in 100% of PDAC cases. TGF-β exerts complex and pleiotropic effects in cancers, notably via the activation of SMAD pathways, predominantly SMAD2/3/4. Though SMAD2 and 3 are rarely mutated in cancers, SMAD4 is lost in about 50% of PDAC, and the role of SMAD2/3 in a SMAD4-null context remains understudied. We herein provide evidence of a SMAD2/3 oncogenic effect in response to TGF-β1 in SMAD4-null human PDAC cancer cells. We report that inactivation of SMAD2/3 in SMAD4-negative PDAC cells compromises TGF-β-driven collective migration mediated by FAK and Rho/Rac signaling. Moreover, RNA-sequencing analyses highlight a TGF-β gene signature related to aggressiveness mediated by SMAD2/3 in the absence of SMAD4. Using a PDAC patient cohort, we reveal that SMAD4-negative tumors with high levels of phospho-SMAD2 are more aggressive and have a poorer prognosis. Thus, loss of SMAD4 tumor suppressive activity in PDAC leads to an oncogenic gain-of-function of SMAD2/3, and to the onset of associated deleterious effects.
Development of intensiometric indicators for visualizing N-cadherin interaction across cells
Authors: Kanadome Takashi , Hayashi Kanehiro , Seto Yusuke , Eiraku Mototsugu , Nakajima Kazunori , Nagai Takeharu , Matsuda Tomoki
Published: October 2022

N-cadherin (NCad) is a classical cadherin that mediates cell–cell interactions in a Ca2+-dependent manner. NCad participates in various biological processes, from ontogenesis to higher brain functions, though the visualization of NCad interactions in living cells remains limited. Here, we present intensiometric NCad interaction indicators, named INCIDERs, that utilize dimerization-dependent fluorescent proteins. INCIDERs successfully visualize reversible NCad interactions across cells. Compared to FRET-based indicators, INCIDERs have a ~70-fold higher signal contrast, enabling clear identification of NCad interactions. In primary neuronal cells, NCad interactions are visualized between closely apposed processes. Furthermore, visualization of NCad interaction at cell adhesion sites in dense cell populations is achieved by two-photon microscopy. INCIDERs are useful tools in the spatiotemporal investigation of NCad interactions across cells; future research should evaluate the potential of INCIDERs in mapping complex three-dimensional architectures in multi-cellular systems.
Vascular smooth muscle RhoA counteracts abdominal aortic aneurysm formation by modulating MAP4K4 activity
Authors: Molla Md Rasel , Shimizu Akio , Komeno Masahiro , Rahman Nor Idayu A. , Soh Joanne Ern Chi , Nguyen Le Kim Chi , Khan Mahbubur Rahman , Tesega Wondwossen Wale , Chen Si , Pang Xiaoling , Tanaka-Okamoto Miki , Takashima Noriyuki , Sato Akira , Suzuki Tomoaki , Ogita Hisakazu
Published: October 2022

Whether a small GTPase RhoA plays a role in the pathology of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) has not been determined. We show here that RhoA expression is reduced in human AAA lesions, compared with normal areas. Furthermore, incidence of AAA formation is increased in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC)-specific RhoA conditional knockout (cKO) mice. The contractility of the aortic rings and VSMCs from RhoA cKO mice is reduced, and expression of genes related to the VSMC contractility is attenuated by loss of RhoA. RhoA depletion activates the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signaling, including MAP4K4, in the aorta and VSMCs. Inhibition of MAP4K4 activity by DMX-5804 decreases AAA formation. Set, a binding protein to active RhoA, functions as an activator of MAP4K4 by sequestering PP2A, an inhibitor of MAP4K4, in the absence of RhoA. In conclusion, RhoA counteracts AAA formation through inhibition of MAP4K4 in cooperation with Set.
Transition metal-catalyzed deoxydehydration: missing pieces of the puzzle
Authors: Jentoft Friederike C.
Published: October 2022

Deoxydehydration (DODH) is a transformation that converts a vicinal diol into an olefin with the help of a sacrificial reductant.
In vivoassessment of triazine lipid nanoparticles as transfection agents for plasmid DNA
Authors: Nardo David , Pitts Michelle G. , Kaur Rupinder , Venditto Vincent J.
Published: October 2022

A triazine based lipid was evaluated in mice for toxicity and transfection efficiency using optimized formulation parameters that result in improved transgene expression as compared to formulations containing commercially available cationic lipids.
Ultrafine PdCo bimetallic nanoclusters confined in N-doped porous carbon for the efficient semi-hydrogenation of alkynes
Authors: Zhan Xuecheng , Zhu Hanghang , Ma Haowen , Hu Xiaoli , Xie Yuan , Guo Dajiang , Chen Minglin , Ma Ping , Sun Liming , Wang Wei David , Dong Zhengping
Published: October 2022

Ultrafine PdCo bimetallic nanoclusters with Co atom-modified Pd active sites were highly dispersed and confined in an m-NC material for selective semi-hydrogenation of alkynes to alkenes.
Superimposed OER and UOR performances by the interaction of each component in an Fe–Mn electrocatalyst
Authors: Meng Xin-ying , Wang Meng , Zhang Yicong , Li Zhihao , Ding Xiaogang , Zhang Weiquan , Li Can , Li Zhen
Published: October 2022

An Fe–Mn based OER and UOR bifunctional catalyst is synthesized through electrodeposition. Mn serves as a co-catalyst of Fe for OER. Both Mn and Fe act as active sites for UOR.
Citrate enrichment in a Western diet reduces weight gain via browning of adipose tissues without resolving diet-induced insulin resistance in mice
Authors: Branco Jessica Ristow , Esteves Amanda Moreira , Imbroisi Filho Ricardo , Demaria Thainá M. , Lisboa Patricia C. , Lopes Bruna Pereira , Moura Egberto G. , Zancan Patricia , Sola-Penna Mauro
Published: October 2022

Citrate, a major component of processed foods, reduces weight gain without resolving insulin resistance.
Percolation of co-continuous domains in tapered copolymer networks
Authors: Zhang Han , Riggleman Robert A.
Published: October 2022

Tapered copolymer networks are an effective strategy to widen the composition window where one observes co-continuous domains.
Ethyl acetate extract of Caesalpinia sappan L. for the treatment of atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− mice and its mechanism
Authors: Liu Zhiping , Wang He , Li Chengjia , Yang Jianfei , Suo Qiushi , Zhou Yabin , Qie Rui
Published: October 2022

Study found that ethyl acetate extract of C. sappan L. upregulates d-mannose through the lysosome pathway, enhances lysosomal function, mediates autophagy, and indirectly regulates lipid subtypes, improving AS. Staining of rat thoracic aorta confirmed its therapeutic effect.
TiO2nanotubular arrays decorated with ultrafine Ag nanoseeds enabling a stable and dendrite-free lithium metal anode
Authors: Li Yulei , Li Shenhao , Cui Jiewu , Yan Jian , Tan Hark Hoe , Liu Jiaqin , Wu Yucheng
Published: October 2022

Dendrite-free lithium deposition for lithium metal anodes enabled by a 3D lithiophilic host of vertically aligned TiO2nanotubular arrays decorated with Ag nanocrystals.
Composite Mn–Co electrode materials for supercapacitors: why the precursor's morphology matters!
Authors: Invernizzi Ronan , Lemoine Alexia , Madec Lénaïc , Weill François , Dourges Marie-Anne , Tang Céline , Giaume Domitille , Baraille Isabelle , Taberna Pierre Louis , Flahaut Delphine , Olchowka Jacob , Guerlou-Demourgues Liliane
Published: October 2022

This work demonstrates how the size and morphology of the precursor building blocks influence their nanoscale distribution homogeneity within the final composite.
Growth, structure and templating of anthradithiophene and its β-methylthiolated derivative
Authors: Wang Chengyuan , Russegger Nadine , Duva Giuliano , Konovalov Oleg V. , Jankowski Maciej , Gerlach Alexander , Hinderhofer Alexander , Schreiber Frank
Published: October 2022

The thin film growth behaviors of ADT and β-MT-ADT are studied by X-ray diffraction techniques and atomic force microscopy, and the templating effect on the thin film growth process of β-MT-ADT is investigated with DIP as the templating layer.
Visible-light-initiated regio- and stereoselective C(sp2)–H phosphorylation of enamides under transition-metal-free conditions
Authors: Tao Ji-Yu , Zhang Qing-Hong , Zhu Tong-Hao , Xu Xin-Wen , Ni Kun , Zhao Qiao , Qin Zheng-Bao , Zhang Yu , Zhao Lili , Zhao Kai
Published: October 2022

A visible-light-induced stereo- and regioselective phosphorylation of enamides with phosphine oxides under transition-metal-free conditions has been disclosed.
The potency of HPLC-DAD and LC-MS/MS combined with ion chromatography for detection/purification of levulinic acid and bio-compounds from acid hydrolysis of OPEFB
Authors: Saengsen Chatcha , Sookbampen Orawan , Wu Shuke , Seetasang Sasikarn , Rongwong Wichitpan , Chuaboon Litavadee
Published: October 2022

The analytical approach for detection and purification levulinic acid from and bio-compound in hydrolysis biomass.
Tetrabutylammonium bromide-based hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent for the extraction and separation of dihydromyricetin from vine tea and its inhibitory efficiency against xanthine oxidase
Authors: Wang Liling , Wang Yanbin , Chen Meixu , Zhu Yaoyao , Qin Yuchuan , Zhou Yifeng
Published: October 2022

In this study, deep eutectic solvent oscillation-assisted extraction (DES-OS) combined with macroporous resin adsorption and desorption technology was used to achieve the rapid green extraction and separation of dihydromyricetin (DMY) from vine tea.
Facile solvothermal synthesis of nitrogen-doped SnO2 nanorods towards enhanced photocatalysis
Authors: Liao Runhua , Han Jing , Chen Zhongyan , Wang Jing , Wu Haoyue , Huang Shuangqiu , Yan Cheng , Wang Zhu
Published: October 2022

Nitrogen-doped SnO2 nanorods were synthesized via facile solvothermal processes, which demonstrated enhanced photocatalytic performances evaluated by the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB), revealing the effectiveness of nitrogen doping towards photocatalysis.
Functionalisation of vitamin B12 derivatives with a cobalt β-phenyl ligand boosters antimetabolite activity in bacteria
Authors: Brenig Christopher , Mestizo Paula Daniela , Zelder Felix
Published: October 2022

This study describes the syntheses of four singly- and two doubly-modified vitamin B12 derivatives for generating antimetabolites of Lactobacillus delbrueckii (L. delbrueckii).
Retraction: LncRNA NEXN-AS1 attenuates proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells through sponging miR-33a/b
Authors: Wu Leiming , Li Yapeng , Zhang Dianhong , Huang Zhen , Du Binbin , Wang Zheng , Yang Lulu , Zhang Yanzhou
Published: October 2022

Retraction of ‘LncRNA NEXN-AS1 attenuates proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells through sponging miR-33a/b’ by Leiming Wu et al., RSC Adv., 2019, 9, 27856–27864, https://doi.org/10.1039/C9RA06282C.
New luminescent ordered liquid crystalline molecules with a 3-cyano-2-pyridone core unit
Authors: Devadiga Deepak , T.N. Ahipa , S Vanishree Bhat , Kumar Sandeep
Published: October 2022

We report a series of new donor–acceptor based luminescent liquid crystalline molecules, i.e. 4,6-bis(4-alkyloxyphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile (Pn-series), carrying variable alkoxy chains.
Triple crosslinking conductive hydrogels with digitally printable and outstanding mechanical stability for high-resolution conformable bioelectronics
Authors: Parvini Elahe , Hajalilou Abdollah , Lopes Pedro Alhais , Tiago Miguel Soares Maranha , de Almeida Anibal T. , Tavakoli Mahmoud
Published: October 2022

Soft, conductive, stretchable and printable hydrogels offer a broad variety of applications, including skin-interfacing electrodes, biomonitoring patches, and electrostimulation.
Synergistic photo-enhanced electrocatalysis of Pt–ZnO–Bi2O3 heterojunction for methanol oxidation under visible light illumination
Authors: Bera Kamal Kanti , Chakraborty Malay , Bera Shyamal Kanti , Chowdhury Anupam , Ranjan Das Mahima , Mondal Mousumi , Bhattacharya Swapan Kumar
Published: October 2022

The synergistic effect of Pt–ZnO–Bi2O3 ternary heterojunction is observed and mechanistic paths are proposed for the photo-electrooxidation of methanol in alkali under visible light irradiation.
Perspectives Relating to Multicultural Training With Speech-Language Pathologists
Authors: Hayes Evy J. , Mathews L. Amanda , Cloud Steven J.
Published: October 2022

Purpose:

The goal of this project was to assess whether speech-language pathologists (SLPs) feel adequately prepared and comfortable interacting with multicultural clients. To determine whether an SLP feels prepared to interact with, to assess, to teach, or to treat a multicultural client, a 25-question survey was developed and administered.

Method:

The survey included questions pertaining to the SLPs' experiences with other cultures, both professional and personal, if the SLP speaks more than one language, and if the SLP has received any formal training on how to interact with multicultural clients. The survey was sent out via e-mail to 814 licensed SLPs practicing in preschool, elementary, and secondary school settings in Mississippi and Alabama. A total of 38 surveys were returned, and 36 complete responses were obtained.

Results:

Preliminary results indicated that many SLPs received minimal multicultural training and felt prepared to work with multicultural clients based on personal and professional experiences; however, they also believed that they could benefit from additional formal multicultural training.

Conclusions:

Surveyed SLPs do not report receiving adequate training for serving multicultural clients. Many reported that they would benefit from additional formal training in multiculturalism to better serve clients. Further research is indicated to determine the effectiveness of graduate-level training in multiculturalism.
Review of restoration technology for renewable‐dominated electric power systems
Authors: Chen Changming , Liang Hongle , Zhai Xingli , Zhang Jinai , Liu Shengyuan , Lin Zhenzhi , Yang Li
Published: October 2022

With the rapid development of renewable energy generation and multi‐energy system technologies, reviewing and discussing the emerging power system restoration methods and key technologies suitable for renewable‐dominated electric power systems and the Energy Internet are important. Based on this, the backgrounds of renewable‐dominated electric power systems and the Energy Internet are first introduced here. Subsequently, the power system restoration process is divided into three phases: the black‐start, network reconfiguration, and the load restoration phases; relative restoration strategy research on these three phases is reviewed. Moreover, the boundaries between these three phases are occasionally not sufficiently apparent or even cross in most cases owing to the severity of blackouts and other various factors. Therefore, the key technologies for power system restoration considering multiple phases are analysed in detail. Moreover, the major gaps between existing research and real‐world applications and the outlooks on the restoration technologies under renewable‐dominated electric power systems are discussed.
Distributed model predictive control strategy based on block‐wised alternating direction multiplier method for microgird clusters
Authors: Zhu Pengcheng , Liu Zhaoyu , Sun Ke , Wang Lei , Hu Pengfei , Zhu Naixuan , Jiang Daozhuo
Published: October 2022

Microgrid clusters (MGC) can improve the consumption of renewable energy and the system reliability. The control of microgrid cluster with large‐scale microgrids is the focus of microgrid cluster research. In order to better realize the coordination control and energy scheduling among microgrids, this paper proposes a distributed optimal strategy for complex MGC based on model predictive control (MPC) and block‐wised alternating direction multiplier method (BADMM). Firstly, an optimization model is established based on a honeycomb active distribution network (HADN); then the network is decomposed into several regions according to BADMM. The global optimization goal of the cluster is achieved by iterating the optimization results of each region in a time domain. Finally, the case study results verify the effectiveness and convergence of the proposed distributed optimization strategy, and provide a reference for energy management of MGC.
NGC 3314a/b and NGC 3312: Ram pressure stripping in Hydra I cluster substructure
Authors: Hess Kelley M. , Kotulla Ralf , Chen Hao , Carignan Claude , Gallagher John S. , Jarrett Thomas H. , Kraan-Korteweg Renée C.
Published: October 2022

Cluster substructure and ram pressure stripping in individual galaxies are among the primary pieces of evidence for the ongoing growth of galaxy clusters as they accrete galaxies and groups from their surroundings. We present a multiwavelength study of the center of the Hydra I galaxy cluster, including exquisite new MeerKAT H Iand DECam Hαimaging which reveal conclusive evidence for ram pressure stripping in NGC 3312, NGC 3314a, and NGC 3314b through compressed H Icontours, well-defined H Itails, and ongoing star formation in the stripped gas. In particular, we quantify the stripped material in NGC 3312, and NGC 3314a, which makes up between 8% and 35% of the gas still in the disk, is forming stars at ∼0.5M⊙yr−1, and extends ∼30−60 kpc from the main disk. The estimated stellar mass in the tails is an order of magnitude less than the H Imass. A fourth “ring” galaxy at the same velocity does not show signs of ram pressure in H I. In addition, we used the H Iand stellar morphologies, combined with a Beta model of the hot intracluster medium, to constrain the real distances of the galaxies to the cluster center, and we used the chance alignment of NGC 3314b behind NGC 3314a to break the degeneracy between whether the galaxies are in front or in back of the cluster. The drag seen in the H Itails supports our preferred scenario that NGC 3312 and NGC 3314a are moving toward us as part of a foreground substructure which has already passed its pericenter and is on “out fall” from the cluster. The high surviving H Icontent of the galaxies may suggest that the substructure or intragroup medium can protect them from the harshest effects of ram pressure, or that the galaxies are in fact on more tangential orbits.
GaiaData Release 3
Authors: Gomel R. , Mazeh T. , Faigler S. , Bashi D. , Eyer L. , Rimoldini L. , Audard M. , Mowlavi N. , Holl B. , Jevardat G. , Nienartowicz K. , Lecoeur I. , Wyrzykowski L.
Published: October 2022

As part ofGaiaData Release 3, a large number of ellipsoidal variables were identified with supervised classification. The periodic variability of these ellipsoidals is presumably induced by tidal interaction with a companion in a close binary system. We present 6306 short-period probable ellipsoidal variables with relatively large-amplitudeGaiaG-band photometric modulations that indicate a possible massive, undetected secondary. In case of a main-sequence primary, the more massive secondary is probably a compact object – either a black hole or a neutron star, and sometimes a white dwarf. The identification is based on the recently suggested robust modified minimum mass ratio (mMMR) that was derived from the observed ellipsoidal amplitude alone, without the use of the primary mass or radius. We also list a subset of 262 systems with an mMMR higher than unity, for which the probability of a compact secondary is higher. Follow-up observations are needed to verify the true nature of these variables.