bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A simple and robust AgI/KOAc catalytic system for the carboxylative assembly of propargyl alcohols and carbon dioxide at atmospheric pressure
Authors: Yuan Ye , Xie Yu , Zeng Cheng , Song Dandan , Chaemchuen Somboon , Chen Cheng , Verpoort Francis
Published: June 2017

A simple, robust and economical AgI/KOAc system was developed for the carboxylative assembly of propargyl alcohols and CO2 under mild conditions applying an unprecedentedly low level of 0.05 mol% Ag loading.
Designing MoS2 nanocatalysts with increased exposure of active edge sites for anthracene hydrogenation reaction
Authors: Jiang Yuxia , Wang Donge , Li Jiahe , Li Min , Pan Zhendong , Ma Huaijun , Lv Guang , Qu Wei , Wang Lin , Tian Zhijian
Published: June 2017

Designing MoS2 nanocatalysts rich with active edge sites by engineering of the nanostructures is an effective strategy to enhance their catalytic activity.
Aqueous tantalum polyoxometalate reactivity with peroxide
Authors: Fullmer Lauren B. , Malmberg Christopher E. , Fast Dylan B. , Wills Lindsay A. , Cheong Paul Ha-Yeon , Dolgos Michelle R. , Nyman May
Published: June 2017

Peroxide ligation promotes linking of Ta-polyoxometalates, the solution speciation elucidated by small and wide angle and total X-ray scattering.
Predictability of silver nanoparticle speciation and toxicity in ecotoxicological media
Authors: Köser Jan , Engelke Maria , Hoppe Martin , Nogowski André , Filser Juliane , Thöming Jorg
Published: June 2017

The bioavailability of silver was controlled by chloride and proteins through complexation, precipitation and colloidal stabilisation of silver chloride.
Encapsulation of flavonoids in liposomal delivery systems: the case of quercetin, kaempferol and luteolin
Authors: Huang Meigui , Su Erzheng , Zheng Fuping , Tan Chen
Published: June 2017

The instability of dietary flavonoids is currently a challenge for their incorporation in functional foods.
3D printed conformal microfluidics for isolation and profiling of biomarkers from whole organs
Authors: Singh Manjot , Tong Yuxin , Webster Kelly , Cesewski Ellen , Haring Alexander P. , Laheri Sahil , Carswell Bill , O'Brien Timothy J. , Aardema Charles H. , Senger Ryan S. , Robertson John L. , Johnson Blake N.
Published: June 2017

3D printed conformal microfluidics provide a novel approach for isolation and profiling of biomarkers from whole organs.
Simply realizing “water diode” Janus membranes for multifunctional smart applications
Authors: Wang Zhenxing , Yang Xiaobin , Cheng Zhongjun , Liu Yuyan , Shao Lu , Jiang Lei
Published: June 2017

A facile strategy for the preparation of multifunctional Janus membranes was proposed, and excellent controllability of the membrane was demonstrated.
Histidine-functionalized chitosan–Cu(ii) complex: a novel and green heterogeneous nanocatalyst for two and three component C–S coupling reactions
Authors: Hajipour Abdol Reza , Hosseini Seyed Mostafa , Jajarmi Saeideh
Published: June 2017

A simple and green method is described for the synthesis of thioether compounds in two and three component C–S coupling reactions.
PEGylated chitosan grafted with polyamidoamine-dendron as tumor-targeted magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent
Authors: Zu Guangyue , Tong Xiaoyan , Zhang Tingting , Cao Yi , Kuang Ye , Zhang Kunchi , Zhang Yajie , Luo Liqiang , Liu Min , Pei Renjun
Published: June 2017

PEGylated chitosan grafted with polyamidoamine-dendron was fabricated as a tumor-targeted mCA and its application was well demonstrated.
Boron clusters with 46, 48, and 50 atoms: competition among the core–shell, bilayer and quasi-planar structures
Authors: Sai Linwei , Wu Xue , Gao Nan , Zhao Jijun , King R. Bruce
Published: June 2017

Using a genetic algorithm combined with density functional theory calculations, we perform a global search for the lowest-energy structures of Bnclusters withn= 46, 48, 50.
Elaborating the excited-state proton transfer behaviors for novel 3H-MC and P2H-CH
Authors: Yang Dapeng , Zhao Jinfeng , Yang Guang , Song Nahong , Zheng Rui , Wang Yusheng
Published: June 2017

We have explained the ESPT mechanism and shown the excited state dynamical overall perspective for 3H-MC and P2H-CH.
Structural phase transition and photoluminescence properties of wurtzite CdS:Eu3+ nanoparticles under high pressure
Authors: Zhao Rui , Yang Tianye , Luo Yang , Chuai Mingyan , Wu Xiaoxin , Zhang Yanyan , Ma Yanzhang , Zhang Mingzhe
Published: June 2017

Eu dopant increases the phase transition pressure from wurtzite to rocksalt structure compared with CdS nanoparticles. The PL peaks of the Eu3+ ions can used as pressure probe after the quenching of the PL peaks of rocksalt structure CdS.
Magnetically separable AgI–BiOI/CoFe2O4 hybrid composites for Hg0 removal: characterization, activity and mechanism
Authors: Zhang Lixiang , Zhang Anchao , Lu Hao , Sun Zhijun , Sheng Wei , Sun Lushi , Xiang Jun
Published: June 2017

AgI0.3BiOI/CoFe2O4, a magnetically separable photocatalyst, exhibited a superior photocatalytic activity of Hg0 removal under fluorescent light irradiation.
Electrochemical and diffuse reflectance study on tetrahedral ε-Keggin-based metal–organic frameworks
Authors: Nie Zhong-Bin , Zhang Min , Su Tan , Zhao Liang , Wang Yuan-Yuan , Sun Guang-Yan , Su Zhong-Min
Published: June 2017

Two polymolybdate-based metal–organic frameworks composed of Zn-ε-Keggin nodes and semi-rigid organic linkers were successfully synthesized. The electrochemical behaviors of these two compounds were studied, as well as their diffuse reflectance performance.
Designing ferrierite-based catalysts with improved properties for skeletal isomerization of n-butene to isobutene
Authors: Hu Haiqiang , Ke Ming , Zhang Ka , Liu Qiang , Yu Pei , Liu Yang , Li Changchun , Liu Wen
Published: June 2017

The crystal morphology and size of ferrierite catalysts were controlled by a suite of crystallization methods and structure-directing agents.
Preparation of high oil-absorptive uniform gel with controllable oil-absorbency by radiation
Authors: Zhang Minghua , Fan Minmin , Ge Xuewu , Wang Ke , Zhang Xi
Published: June 2017

A radiation technique is used to prepare controlled oil-absorptive gels, providing an environmentally-friendly method to widen the application of oil-absorptive gels.
Study on a novel high energetic and insensitive munitions formulation: TKX-50 based melt cast high explosive
Authors: Yu Yuehai , Chen Shusen , Li Tujuan , Jin Shaohua , Zhang Guangyuan , Chen Minglei , Li Lijie
Published: June 2017

Dihydroxylammonium 5,5′-bistetrazole-1,1′-diolate (TKX-50) is a promising candidate to replace traditional explosives, HMX and RDX, used in insensitive munitions, which is currently being explored to achieve shock insensitive melt cast formulations.
Recent developments in the use of aza-Heck cyclizations for the synthesis of chiral N-heterocycles
Authors: Race Nicholas J. , Hazelden Ian R. , Faulkner Adele , Bower John F.
Published: June 2017

The scope and mechanism of aza-Heck methodologies that provide chiral heterocyclic systems are outlined.
Diffusiophoretic manipulation of particles in a drop deposited on a hydrogel
Authors: Boulogne François , Shin Sangwoo , Dervaux Julien , Limat Laurent , Stone Howard A.
Published: June 2017

Effect of salt concentration Cs on the deposition of particles on hydrogels.
Cathode materials for lithium–sulfur batteries: a practical perspective
Authors: Eftekhari Ali , Kim Dong-Won
Published: June 2017

The most important challenge in the practical development of lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries is finding suitable cathode materials.
Carbon nanofiber-based nanostructures for lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Li Weihan , Li Minsi , Adair Keegan R. , Sun Xueliang , Yu Yan
Published: June 2017

Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) belong to a class of one-dimensional (1D) carbonaceous materials with excellent electronic conductivity, leading to their use as conductive additives in electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (NIBs).
Ultra-high rate Li–S batteries based on a novel conductive Ni2P yolk–shell material as the host for the S cathode
Authors: Cheng Junhan , Zhao Dan , Fan Lishuang , Wu Xian , Wang Maoxu , Zhang Naiqing , Sun Kening
Published: June 2017

Sulfur cathodes have attracted significant attention as the next generation electrode material candidate due to their considerable theoretical energy density.
Outmatching superhydrophobicity: bio-inspired re-entrant curvature for mighty superamphiphobicity in air
Authors: Chen Liwei , Guo Zhiguang , Liu Weimin
Published: June 2017

Inspired by nature, a third factor of re-entrant surface curvature was introduced into the design and fabrication system of superamphiphobic surfaces in conjunction with the two other major factors of surface chemical composition and roughness.
Compressible and conductive carbon aerogels from waste paper with exceptional performance for oil/water separation
Authors: Li Lingxiao , Li Bucheng , Sun Hanxue , Zhang Junping
Published: June 2017

Compressible and conductive carbon aerogels are prepared from waste paper, which show exceptional performance for oil/water separation.
Porous MoS2@C heteroshell with a Si yolk structure with improved lithium transport properties and superior cycle stability
Authors: Kim Dong Won , Park A. Reum , Oh Tae Sik , Lee Nae Eung , Yoo Pil J. , Yoo Ji Beom
Published: June 2017

To solve the problems of the Si anode such as excessive volume expansion and the corresponding destruction of the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film, we propose a porous MoS2@C heteroshell with a Si yolk structure.
New series of soft materials based on ionic liquid–metal complexes for high-efficient electrolytes of dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Miao Qingqing , Zhang Suojiang
Published: June 2017

A new series of soft materials by a simple method is developed as alternative dye-sensitized solar cell electrolytes with remarkable increased efficiencies and superior photovoltaic properties.
Fabrication of egg shell-like nanovesicles from a thiocoumarin-based ε-amino ester: a potential carrier
Authors: Debnath Mintu , Sasmal Supriya , Haldar Debasish
Published: June 2017

A thiocoumarin-based ε-amino ester has been designed and synthesized and used to fabricate egg shell-like nanovesicles for sustained release of sulfamethoxazole antibiotic.
Photothermal gold nanocages filled with temperature sensitive tetradecanol and encapsulated with glutathione responsive polycurcumin for controlled DOX delivery to maximize anti-MDR tumor effects
Authors: Zhang Zhipeng , Wang Yun , Xu Shaohui , Yu Yanna , Hussain Abid , Shen Yuanyuan , Guo Shengrong
Published: June 2017

AuNCs@DBPP were taken up by MCF-7/ADR cells through biotin receptor mediated endocytosis and triggered to release DOX under NIR irradiation.
Correction: Functionalised type-I collagen as a hydrogel building block for bio-orthogonal tissue engineering applications
Authors: Ravichandran R. , Islam M. M. , Alarcon E. I. , Samanta A. , Wang S. , Lundström P. , Hilborn J. , Griffith M. , Phopase J.
Published: June 2017

Correction for ‘Functionalised type-I collagen as a hydrogel building block for bio-orthogonal tissue engineering applications’ by R. Ravichandran et al., J. Mater. Chem. B, 2016, 4, 318–326.
Size-controllable and stable organometallic halide perovskite quantum dots/polymer films
Authors: Cha Wonhee , Kim Hae-Jin , Lee Songhee , Kim Jiwon
Published: June 2017

A novel strategy to prepare organometallic halide perovskite quantum dots (OHP-QDs) in a polymer film can enhance both the structural stability and the optical properties.
Patterned films from exfoliated two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides assembled at a liquid–liquid interface
Authors: Clark R. M. , Berean K. J. , Carey B. J. , Pillai N. , Daeneke T. , Cole I. S. , Latham K. , Kalantar-zadeh K.
Published: June 2017

We present a facile method for controlled and patterned deposition of large area films made of exfoliated transition metal dichalcogenides.
Brønsted Acid Catalyzed C3-Alkylation of 2-Indolylmethanols with Azlactones via an Umpolung Strategy
Authors: Shen Yang , Zhu Zi-Qi , Liu Jin-Xi , Yu Lei , Du Bai-Xiang , Mei Guang-Jian , Shi Feng
Published: June 2017

An efficient method for the synthesis of C3-alkylated indoles has been established via Brønsted acid catalyzed alkylation of 2-indolylmethanols with azlactones. The reaction exhibits broad substrate scope and delivers high yields (22 examples, up to 99% yield). This approach not only provides a new strategy for the direct synthesis of C3-alkylated indoles, but also represents a rarely reported alkylation between indole motifs and electron-rich synthons at the C3 position. This protocol serves as a good example of the application of the umpolung strategy in the synthesis of C3-alkylated indoles from 2-indolylmethanols.
Metabolische Konsequenzen der Peritonealdialyse
Authors: Girndt Matthias
Published: June 2017

Zur Behandlung der terminalen Niereninsuffizienz kann alternativ zur Hämodialyse auch die Peritonealdialyse eingesetzt werden. Hierbei wird die Bauchhöhle mit 2 – 3 l Dialyseflüssigkeit gefüllt, die in regelmäßigen Abständen gewechselt wird. Um einen osmotischen Gradienten aufzubauen und dem Körper Flüssigkeit entziehen zu können, wird der Dialyseflüssigkeit Glukose zugesetzt. Ein Teil dieser Glukose wird während der Behandlung resorbiert und beeinflusst den Kohlenhydratstoffwechsel des Patienten. Dies ist vor allem bei Diabetikern bedeutsam, die aber bei geeigneter Steuerung durchaus mit Peritonealdialyse behandelt werden können.

Patienten weisen unterschiedliche Glukosetransportcharakteristika auf. Die jeweilige Dialyseverordnung muss die Transportcharakteristik berücksichtigen und hat Einfluss auf die Glukoseresorption. Zur Verringerung der Glukoseaufnahme kann auch die Polyglukose Icodextrin als osmotisches Agens eingesetzt werden. Es gibt Hinweise, dass dies zu einer besseren Stoffwechselführung bei Diabetikern beitragen kann. Allerdings sind diagnostische Besonderheiten zu beachten, da Icodextrin das Glukosemonitoring des Diabetikers beeinflussen kann.
ICD – Primärprävention: Was ist neu?
Authors: Bettin Markus , Reinke Florian , Köbe Julia , Eckardt Lars
Published: June 2017

Die Primärprävention des plötzlichen Herztods bleibt eine große Herausforderung. Verschiedene Studien konnten eine Risikoreduktion für den plötzlichen Herztod bei Patienten mit hochgradig eingeschränkter linksventrikulärer Funktion nach Myokardinfarkt und bei Patienten mit Herzinsuffizienz zeigen. Die aktuellen ECS-Leitlinien diskutieren intensiv die Indikationen für eine Primärprävention. Ein Großteil der zur Verfügung stehenden Daten ist verhältnismäßig alt und neue Daten stellen den Nutzen der ICD-Primärprävention bei Patienten mit z. B. dilatativer Kardiomyopathie infrage. Die Identifikation der Patienten, die tatsächlich von der primärprophylaktischen ICD-Implantation profitieren, ist eine wesentliche zukünftige Aufgabe.
Control of secondary electrons from ion beam impact using a positive potential electrode
Authors: Crowley T. P. , Demers D. R. , Fimognari P. J.
Published: June 2017

Secondary electrons emitted when an ion beam impacts a detector can amplify the ion beam signal, but also introduce errors if electrons from one detector propagate to another. A potassium ion beam and a detector comprised of ten impact wires, four split-plates, and a pair of biased electrodes were used to demonstrate that a low-voltage, positive electrode can be used to maintain the beneficial amplification effect while greatly reducing the error introduced from the electrons traveling between detector elements.
Modeling the lowest-cost splitting of a herd of cows by optimizing a cost function
Authors: Gajamannage Kelum , Bollt Erik M. , Porter Mason A. , Dawkins Marian S.
Published: June 2017

Animals live in groups to defend against predation and to obtain food. However, for some animals—especially ones that spend long periods of time feeding—there are costs if a group chooses to move on before their nutritional needs are satisfied. If the conflict between feeding and keeping up with a group becomes too large, it may be advantageous for some groups of animals to split into subgroups with similar nutritional needs. We model the costs and benefits of splitting in a herd of cows using a cost function that quantifies individual variation in hunger, desire to lie down, and predation risk. We model the costs associated with hunger and lying desire as the standard deviations of individuals within a group, and we model predation risk as an inverse exponential function of the group size. We minimize the cost function over all plausible groups that can arise from a given herd and study the dynamics of group splitting. We examine how the cow dynamics and cost function depend on the parameters in the model and consider two biologically-motivated examples: (1) group switching and group fission in a herd of relatively homogeneous cows, and (2) a herd with an equal number of adult males (larger animals) and adult females (smaller animals).
Roles of hot electrons in generating upper-hybrid waves in the earth's radiation belt
Authors: Hwang J. , Shin D. K. , Yoon P. H. , Kurth W. S. , Larsen B. A. , Reeves G. D. , Lee D. Y.
Published: June 2017

Electrostatic fluctuations near upper-hybrid frequency, which are sometimes accompanied by multiple-harmonic electron cyclotron frequency bands above and below the upper-hybrid frequency, are common occurrences in the Earth's radiation belt, as revealed through the twin Van Allen Probe spacecrafts. It is customary to use the upper-hybrid emissions for estimating the background electron density, which in turn can be used to determine the plasmapause locations, but the role of hot electrons in generating such fluctuations has not been discussed in detail. The present paper carries out detailed analyses of data from the Waves instrument, which is part of the Electric and Magnetic Field Instrument Suite and Integrated Science suite onboard the Van Allen Probes. Combined with the theoretical calculation, it is shown that the peak intensity associated with the upper-hybrid fluctuations might be predominantly determined by tenuous but hot electrons and that denser cold background electrons do not seem to contribute much to the peak intensity. This finding shows that upper-hybrid fluctuations detected during quiet time are not only useful for the determination of the background cold electron density but also contain information on the ambient hot electrons population as well.
Gyrokinetic modeling of impurity peaking in JET H-mode plasmas
Authors: Manas P. , Camenen Y. , Benkadda S. , Weisen H. , Angioni C. , Casson F. J. , Giroud C. , Gelfusa M. , Maslov M. ,   JET contributors
Published: June 2017

Quantitative comparisons are presented between gyrokinetic simulations and experimental values of the carbon impurity peaking factor in a database of JET H-modes during the carbon wall era. These plasmas feature strong NBI heating and hence high values of toroidal rotation and corresponding gradient. Furthermore, the carbon profiles present particularly interesting shapes for fusion devices, i.e., hollow in the core and peaked near the edge. Dependencies of the experimental carbon peaking factor (R/LnC) on plasma parameters are investigated via multilinear regressions. A marked correlation between R/LnC and the normalised toroidal rotation gradient is observed in the core, which suggests an important role of the rotation in establishing hollow carbon profiles. The carbon peaking factor is then computed with the gyrokinetic code GKW, using a quasi-linear approach, supported by a few non-linear simulations. The comparison of the quasi-linear predictions to the experimental values at mid-radius reveals two main regimes. At low normalised collisionality, ν*, and Te/Ti<1, the gyrokinetic simulations quantitatively recover experimental carbon density profiles, provided that rotodiffusion is taken into account. In contrast, at higher ν* and Te/Ti>1, the very hollow experimental carbon density profiles are never predicted by the simulations and the carbon density peaking is systematically over estimated. This points to a possible missing ingredient in this regime.
Improved read disturb and write error rates in voltage-control spintronics memory (VoCSM) by controlling energy barrier height
Authors: Inokuchi T. , Yoda H. , Kato Y. , Shimizu M. , Shirotori S. , Shimomura N. , Koi K. , Kamiguchi Y. , Sugiyama H. , Oikawa S. , Ikegami K. , Ishikawa M. , Altansargai B. , Tiwari A. , Ohsawa Y. , Saito Y. , Kurobe A.
Published: June 2017

A hybrid writing scheme that combines the spin Hall effect and voltage-controlled magnetic-anisotropy effect is investigated in Ta/CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB/Ru/CoFe/IrMn junctions. The write current and control voltage are applied to Ta and CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB junctions, respectively. The critical current density required for switching the magnetization in CoFeB was modulated 3.6-fold by changing the control voltage from −1.0 V to +1.0 V. This modulation of the write current density is explained by the change in the surface anisotropy of the free layer from 1.7 mJ/m2 to 1.6 mJ/m2, which is caused by the electric field applied to the junction. The read disturb rate and write error rate, which are important performance parameters for memory applications, are drastically improved, and no error was detected in 5 × 108 cycles by controlling read and write sequences.
The role of FLOWERING LOCUS C in vernalization of Brassica: the importance of vernalization research in the face of climate change
Authors: Shea Daniel J. , Itabashi Etsuko , Takada Satoko , Fukai Eigo , Kakizaki Tomohiro , Fujimoto Ryo , Okazaki Keiichi
Published: June 2017

As climatic changes occur over the coming decades, our scientific understanding of plant responses to environmental cues will become an increasingly important consideration in the breeding of agricultural crops. This review provides a summary of the literature regarding vernalization research in Brassicaceae, covering both the historical origins of vernalization research and current understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind the regulatory pathways involved in vernalization and subsequent inflorescence. We discuss the evolutionarily conserved biology between the model organism Arabidopsis thaliana and the Brassica genus of crop cultivars and contrast the differences between the genera to illustrate the importance of Brassica-specific research into vernalization.
Using two-alternative forced choice tasks and Thurstone’s law of comparative judgments for code-switching research
Authors: Stadthagen-González Hans , López Luis , Parafita Couto M. Carmen , Párraga C. Alejandro
Published: June 2017

This article argues that 2-alternative forced choice tasks and Thurstone’s law of comparative judgments (Thurstone, 1927) are well suited to investigate code-switching competence by means of acceptability judgments. We compare this method with commonly used Likert scale judgments and find that the 2-alternative forced choice task provides granular details that remain invisible in a Likert scale experiment. In order to compare and contrast both methods, we examined the syntactic phenomenon usually referred to as the Adjacency Condition (AC) (apud Stowell, 1981), which imposes a condition of adjacency between verb and object. Our interest in the AC comes from the fact that it is a subtle feature of English grammar which is absent in Spanish, and this provides an excellent springboard to create minimal code-switched pairs that allow us to formulate a clear research question that can be tested using both methods.
Comparison of Size, Terminal Fall Velocity, and Density of Bighead Carp, Silver Carp, and Grass Carp Eggs for Use in Drift Modeling
Authors: George Amy E. , Garcia Tatiana , Chapman Duane C.
Published: June 2017

Invasive Asian carp established in the United States spawn in the turbulent water of rivers, and their eggs and early larvae develop while drifting in the current. The eggs, which are believed to perish if they settle before hatching, are slightly denser than water and are held in suspension by water turbulence. It is possible to use egg drift modeling to assess the capability of a river to support the survival of Asian carp eggs. Detection of spawning and estimation of egg abundance in the drift are typically assessed by ichthyoplankton trawls. Correct sampling design and interpretation of trawl data require knowledge of the vertical distribution of eggs in the drift, which can be accomplished with particle transport models. Data that are required to populate models of egg drift and vertical distribution include physical properties of assessed rivers and information on egg size, density, and terminal fall velocity, but data on these egg characteristics have not been previously available. Physical characteristics of the eggs are presented as a function of postfertilization time. We recorded mean egg diameter and terminal fall velocity for eggs from each Asian carp species during the first 5 h of development and at approximately 12 and 22 h postfertilization. Eggs of all species reached their maximum size before 4 h. Water‐hardened eggs of Silver Carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon idella were similarly sized in our trials, and water‐hardened eggs of Bighead Carp H. nobilis were the largest. After water hardening, Silver Carp eggs sank slowest, and Bighead Carp eggs sank fastest. For a given species, smaller‐diameter eggs generally had faster terminal fall velocities and higher specific gravity than larger eggs. We provide regression models of egg density and diameter for all three species, discuss usage of these data in modeling the drift and dispersion of Asian carp eggs, and discuss implications for egg sampling design.

Received December 1, 2015; accepted March 20, 2017 Published online June 20, 2017
CRMP-1 enhances EVL-mediated actin elongation to build lamellipodia and the actin cortex
Authors: Yu-Kemp Hui-Chia , Kemp James P. , Brieher William M.
Published: June 2017

Cells can control actin polymerization by nucleating new filaments or elongating existing ones. We recently identified CRMP-1 as a factor that stimulates the formation of Listeria monocytogenes actin comet tails, thereby implicating it in actin assembly. We now show that CRMP-1 is a major contributor to actin assembly in epithelial cells, where it works with the Ena/VASP family member EVL to assemble the actin cytoskeleton in the apical cortex and in protruding lamellipodia. CRMP-1 and EVL bind to one another and together accelerate actin filament barbed-end elongation. CRMP-1 also stimulates actin assembly in the presence of VASP and Mena in vitro, but CRMP-1–dependent actin assembly in MDCK cells is EVL specific. Our results identify CRMP-1 as a novel regulator of actin filament elongation and reveal a surprisingly important role for CRMP-1, EVL, and actin polymerization in maintaining the structural integrity of epithelial sheets.
Key comparison BIPM.RI(I)-K6 of the standards for absorbed dose to water of the VSL, Netherlands and the BIPM in accelerator photon beams
Authors: Picard S , Burns D T , Roger P , Prez L A de , Jansen B J , Pooter J A
Published: June 2017

A comparison of the dosimetry for accelerator photon beams was carried out between the Dutch Metrology Institute (VSL) and the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) from 23 September to 20 October 2014. The comparison was based on the determination of absorbed dose to water for three radiation qualities of the medical accelerator facilities of the National Physical Laboratory (United Kingdom). After establishing Draft B, the VSL discovered an error in the calculation of the correction factor for excess-heat linked to the VSL glass vessel used in the measurements at the NPL. The comparison results for the revised standard, reported as ratios of the VSL and the BIPM evaluations (and with the combined standard uncertainties given in parentheses), are 0.9959 (54) at 6 MV, 0.9958 (64) at 10 MV and 0.9991 (75) at 25 MV. This result is part of the on-going BIPM.RI(I)-K6 series of comparisons.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCRI, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
New Patterns of the Two-Dimensional Rogue Waves: (2+1)-Dimensional Maccari System*
Authors: Wang Gai-Hua , Wang Li-Hong , Rao Ji-Guang , He Jing-Song
Published: June 2017

The ocean rogue wave is one kind of puzzled destructive phenomenon that has not been understood thoroughly so far. The two-dimensional nature of this wave has inspired the vast endeavors on the recognizing new patterns of the rogue waves based on the dynamical equations with two-spatial variables and one-temporal variable, which is a very crucial step to prevent this disaster event at the earliest stage. Along this issue, we present twelve new patterns of the two-dimensional rogue waves, which are reduced from a rational and explicit formula of the solutions for a (2+1)-dimensional Maccari system. The extreme points (lines) of the first-order lumps (rogue waves) are discussed according to their analytical formulas. For the lower-order rogue waves, we show clearly in formula that parameter b
2
plays a significant role to control these patterns.
Constant mean curvature foliation of domains of dependence in 𝐴𝑑𝑆₃
Authors: Tamburelli Andrea
Published: June 2017

We prove that, given an acausal curve

Γ
\Gamma

in the boundary at infinity of

A
d

S

3

AdS_{3}

which is the graph of a quasi-symmetric homeomorphism

ϕ
\phi

, there exists a unique foliation of its domain of dependence

D
(
Γ
)

D(\Gamma )

by constant mean curvature surfaces with bounded second fundamental form. Moreover, these surfaces provide a family of quasi-conformal extensions of

ϕ
\phi

.
The Minimal Clinically Important Difference of the Anterior Skull Base Nasal Inventory-12
Authors: Gravbrot Nicholas , Kelly Daniel F , Milligan John , Griffiths Chester F , Barkhoudarian Garni , Jahnke Heidi , White William L , Little Andrew S
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUND

The minimal clinically important difference (MCID) is defined as the smallest change in health-related quality of life (QOL) that patients consider meaningful. The MCID is essential for determining clinically significant changes, rather than simply statistically significant changes, in QOL scores. The Anterior Skull Base Nasal Inventory-12 (ASK Nasal-12), a site-specific sinonasal QOL instrument, has emerged as a standard instrument for assessing QOL in patients who have undergone endonasal transsphenoidal surgery.

OBJECTIVE

To determine the MCID for the ASK Nasal-12.

METHODS

Distribution- and anchor-based methods were used to determine the MCID for the ASK Nasal-12 based on raw data from a multicenter prospective QOL study of 218 patients.

RESULTS

Two distribution-based statistical methods, the one-half standard deviation method and the effect-size method, both yielded MCIDs of 0.37 (medium effect). The first anchor-based method, using the 2-wk postoperative overall nasal functioning item as the anchor, yielded an MCID of 0.31. The second anchor-based method, using the 2-wk postoperative Short Form Health Survey 8 bodily pain item as the anchor, yielded an MCID of 0.29.

CONCLUSION

The largest MCID obtained for the ASK Nasal-12 using 4 statistical methods 2 wk postoperatively was 0.37. This information provides clinicians with an essential context for determining the clinical significance of changes in QOL scores after interventions. Our results will help clinicians better interpret QOL scores and design future studies that are powered to detect meaningful QOL changes.
No Impact of Preadmission Anti-Inflammatory Drug Use on Risk of Depression and Anxiety After Critical Illness*
Authors: Medici Clara R. , Gradus Jaimie L. , Pedersen Lars , Sørensen Henrik T. , Østergaard Søren D. , Christiansen Christian F.
Published: June 2017

Objectives:

Risk of depression and anxiety is elevated after intensive care. Drugs with anti-inflammatory properties may have antidepressant and anxiolytic effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between preadmission use of drugs with anti-inflammatory effects and risk of new-onset depression and anxiety among adult patients admitted to an ICU.

Design:

Propensity score–matched, population-based cohort study.

Setting:

All ICUs in Denmark from 2005 to 2013.

Patients:

Adults receiving mechanical ventilation in an ICU.

Interventions:

None.

Measurements and Main Results:

A total of 48,207 ICU patients were included. Exposures were preadmission single-agent or combined use of statins, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or glucocorticoids. Outcomes were cumulative incidence (risk) and risk ratio of new-onset psychiatrist-diagnosed depression or anxiety or prescriptions for antidepressants or anxiolytics. Propensity score matching yielded 6,088 statin user pairs, 2,886 nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug user pairs, 1,440 glucocorticoid user pairs, and 1,743 combination drug user pairs. The cumulative incidence of anxiety and depression during the 3 years following intensive care was 18.0% (95% CI, 17.0–19.0%) for statin users, 21.3% (95% CI, 19.8–22.9%) for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug users, 17.4% (95% CI, 15.4–19.5%) for glucocorticoid users, and 19.0% (95% CI, 16.3–20.2%) for combination users. The cumulative incidence was similar in nonusers compared with users in all drug groups. The risk ratio of depression and anxiety 3 years after admission to ICU was 1.04 (95% CI, 0.96–1.13) for statin users, 1.00 (95% CI, 0.90–1.11) for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug users, 0.97 (95% CI, 0.82–1.14) for glucocorticoid users, and 1.05 (95% CI, 0.90–1.21) for combination users, compared with nonusers. Results were consistent across subgroups (gender, age, preadmission diseases, type of admission) and sensitivity analyses (depression and anxiety separately).

Conclusions:

Preadmission use of statins, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, glucocorticoids, or combinations did not alter the risk of depression and anxiety after critical illness.
Predictors of Local Recurrence in Patients With Myxofibrosarcoma
Authors: Odei Bismarck , Rwigema Jean-Claude , Eilber Frederick R. , Eilber Fritz C. , Selch Michael , Singh Arun , Chmielowski Bartosz , Nelson Scott D. , Wang Pin-Chieh , Steinberg Michael , Kamrava Mitchell
Published: June 2017

Objectives:

Myxofibrosarcoma (MFS) is reported to have a higher risk of local recurrence (LR) following definitive surgical excision relative to other soft tissue sarcomas. We reviewed our clinical experience treating MFS to investigate predictors of LR.

Materials and Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed treatment outcomes for MFS patients treated at our institution between 1999 and 2015. A total of 52 patients were identified. Median age was 65 years (range, 21 to 86 y). Site of disease was: upper extremity (27%), lower extremity (46%), trunk (15%), pelvic (8%), and head and neck (4%). Patients had low, intermediate, high-grade, and unknown grade in: 23%, 8%, 67%, and 2% of tumors, respectively. Tumors were categorized as ≤5 cm (35%), >5 cm (56%), or unknown size (9%). In total, 71% received radiotherapy: 19% preoperative, 50% postoperative, and 2% both. All patients underwent surgery. Margins were negative in 71%, close/positive in 21%, and unknown in 8%. In total, 27% of patients received chemotherapy. Univariate Cox regression analysis was utilized to determine associations between clinical and treatment factors with LR.

Results:

Median follow-up time was 2.9 years (range, 0.4 to 14.3 y). The 3-year actuarial LR, distant metastasis, and overall survival were: 31%, 15%, and 87%, respectively. Predictors of LR were patient age greater than or equal to the median of 65 years (hazard ratio, 13.46, 95% confidence interval, 1.71-106.18, P=0.013), and having close/positive tumor margins (hazard ratio, 3.4, 95% confidence interval, 1-11.53, P=0.049).

Conclusions:

In this institutional series of MFS older age and positive/close margins were significantly associated with a higher risk of LR.
Parent Education is Changing
Authors: Davis Deborah Winders , Logsdon M. Cynthia , Vogt Krista , Rushton Jeff , Myers John , Lauf Adrian , Hogan Felicia
Published: June 2017

Purpose:

The purpose was to critique existing parenting apps using established criteria and health literacy guidelines.

Study Design:

Descriptive methodology was used.

Methods:

The Apple App Store was searched using the terms parenting, child health, and infant health. To be included, the apps had to have relevant content (parenting, child health, or infant health), be in English, and contain parent education. After eliminating apps that failed to meet inclusion criteria from the original 203 apps, 46 apps were reviewed. The Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool was used to evaluate the health literacy subscales called Understandability and Actionability. Content analysis included Authority, Objectivity, Accuracy, Timeliness, and Usability.

Results:

The majority of the apps (70%) were in English only. The price ranged from free to $4.99. The purpose, target audience, and topics varied. Although all included apps were for parents, some were for more targeted groups of parents. The source of the information was not presented in 26% of the apps. Most apps took the user to a Web site or an article to read. Functionality of the apps was limited, with none of them providing a customized experience.

Clinical Implications:

Much development and research is needed before mobile health (mHealth) solutions can be recommended by nurses caring for new parents. It is critical that consumers and interdisciplinary professionals be involved in the early design phase of the product to ensure that the end product is acceptable and usable and that it will lead to healthy behaviors.
Prevalence and Predictors of Posttraumatic Stress and Depression Symptoms Among Syrian Refugees in a Refugee Camp
Authors: Acarturk Ceren , Cetinkaya Mustafa , Senay Ibrahim , Gulen Birgul , Aker Tamer , Hinton Devon
Published: June 2017

Turkey is hosting the majority of Syrian refugees. The current study investigates the prevalence of probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression among adult Syrians residing in a camp (N = 781) and potential predictors. The Impact of Event Scale–Revised was used to measure PTSD and the Beck Depression Inventory depression. Probable PTSD prevalence was 83.4%, with predictors being female sex (odds ratio [OR], 4.1), previous mental health problems (OR, 4.5), life threat (OR, 3.0), and injury of a loved one (OR, 1.8). Probable depression prevalence was 37.4%, with predictors being female sex (OR, 5.1), previous mental health problems (OR, 2.9), having a loved one who was tortured (OR, 1.7), and not being satisfied at the camp (OR, 1.7). The current study reveals high rates of probable PTSD and depression among Syrian refugees and highlights vulnerabilities such as great risk for women of having psychopathology.
Childhood Precursors of the Narcissistic Personality
Authors: Cramer Phebe
Published: June 2017

This research identifies the childhood personality characteristics that predict the presence of narcissism in adulthood. Using data from the longitudinal study of Block and Block (The California Child Q-set. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press, 1980), childhood personality characteristics were assessed at age 11 (N = 100) using the California Child Q-set. A number of these were shown to differentially predict the presence of grandiose or vulnerable narcissism at age 23. Factor analyses of the Child Q-set items showed that the presence of Grandiose Narcissism was positively related to childhood factors representing social presence and negatively related to planfulness. In contrast, vulnerable narcissism was positively related to childhood impulsivity and negatively related to stable self-esteem. Both types of narcissism were positively related to childhood factors representing need for control.
Benchmarking of Prelicensure Nursing Students’ Evidence-Based Practice Knowledge
Authors: Cosme Sheryl , Milner Kerry A. , Wonder Amy
Published: June 2017

Evidence-based practice (EBP) knowledge among prelicensure nursing students was measured before, immediately following, and 1 year after completion of an EBP course using a relatively new instrument. There was a significant increase in EBP knowledge immediately following the course, and knowledge was sustained 1 year later. Results enabled faculty to gauge the effectiveness of the EBP course within the curriculum to prepare students with the knowledge needed to enact EBP in practice.
High Prevalence of Concurrent Male-Male Partnerships in the Context of Low Human Immunodeficiency Virus Testing Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Bamako, Mali
Authors: Hakim Avi , Patnaik Padmaja , Telly Nouhoum , Ballo Tako , Traore Bouyagui , Doumbia Seydou , Lahuerta Maria
Published: June 2017

Background

Concurrent male-male sexual partnerships have been understudied in sub-Saharan Africa and are especially important because human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence and acquisition probability are higher among men who have sex with men (MSM) than among heterosexual men and women.

Methods

We conducted a respondent-driven sampling survey of 552 men who have sex with men in Bamako, Mali from October 2014 to February 2015. Eligibility criteria included 18 years or older, history of oral or anal sex with another man in the last 6 months, residence in or around Bamako in the last 6 months, ability to communicate in French.

Results

HIV prevalence was 13.7%, with 86.7% of MSM with HIV unaware of their infection. Concurrent male-male sexual partnerships were common, with 60.6% of MSM having a concurrent male sexual partnerships or believing their sex partner did in the last 6 months, and 27.3% having a concurrent male sexual partnerships and believing their sex partner did in the last 6 months. Over half (52.5%) of MSM had sex with women, and 30.8% had concurrent male partnerships and sex with a woman in the last 6 months. Concurrency was more likely among MSM with limited education, telling only MSM of same-sex behaviors, high social cohesion, and not knowing anyone with HIV.

Conclusions

The high proportion of HIV-infected MSM in Bamako who are unaware of their HIV infection and the high prevalence of concurrent partnerships could further the spread of HIV in Bamako. Increasing testing through peer educators conducting mobile testing could improve awareness of HIV status and limit the spread of HIV in concurrent partnerships.
Utility of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Management of Adult Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Muscogiuri Giuseppe , Secinaro Aurelio , Ciliberti Paolo , Fuqua Megan , Nutting Arni
Published: June 2017

The increasing number of patients with adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) calls for the development of noninvasive imaging techniques that allow a long-term evaluation of native and postsurgical anatomy and function. Echocardiography remains the imaging modality of choice for congenital heart disease, but it is affected by limited acoustic windows and poor tissue characterization. Cardiac computed tomography and cardiac catheter angiography are 2 valid alternatives for the anatomic and functional assessment of ACHD; however, both use ionizing radiation, and cardiac catheter angiography requires an invasive approach. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), noninvasively and in the absence of ionizing radiation, has the ability to evaluate the biventricular function, quantify flows, characterize tissue, and provide information on cardiac anatomy. Despite the long acquisition time and lower spatial resolution compared with cardiac computed tomography, CMR represents the ideal technique for long-term follow-up of ACHD. CMR is now widely utilized and is well described in the literature with regard to diagnosis, identification of complications, timing of surgery, and postoperative prognosis in ACHD. CMR represents a fundamental technique for the evaluation of patients with ACHD.
Itraq-Based Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Lungs in Murine Polymicrobial Sepsis with Hydrogen Gas Treatment
Authors: Bian Yingxue , Qin Chao , Xin Yuchang , Yu Yang , Chen Hongguang , Wang Guolin , Xie Keliang , Yu Yonghao
Published: June 2017

Sepsis-associated acute lung injury (ALI), which carries a high morbidity and mortality in patients, has no effective therapeutic strategies to date. Our group has already reported that hydrogen gas (H2) exerts a protective effect against sepsis in mice. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying H2 treatment are not fully understood. This study investigated the effects of H2 on lung injuries in septic mice through the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based quantitative proteomic analysis. Male ICR mice used in this study were subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) or sham operation. And 2% H2 was inhaled for 1 h beginning at 1 and 6 h after sham or CLP operation. The iTRAQ-based liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) analysis was preformed to investigate lung proteomics. Sepsis-challenged animals had decreased survival rate, as well as had increased bacterial burden in blood, peritoneal lavage, and lung sample, which were significantly ameliorated by H2 treatment. Moreover, a total of 4,472 proteins were quantified, and 192 differentially expressed proteins were related to the protective mechanism of H2 against sepsis. Functional enrichment analysis showed that H2-related differential proteins could be related to muscle contraction, oxygen transport, protein synthesis, collagen barrier membranes, cell adhesion, and coagulation function. These proteins were significantly enriched in four signaling pathways, and two of which are associated with coagulation. In addition, H2 alleviates ALI in septic mice through downregulating the expression of Sema 7A, OTULIN, and MAP3K1 as well as upregulating the expression of Transferrin. Thus, our findings provide an insight into the mechanism of H2 treatment in sepsis by proteomic approach, which may be helpful to the clinic application of H2 in patients with sepsis.