bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of betahistine in counteracting second-generation antipsychotics-induced weight gain: A meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis
Authors: Soliman Y. , Azeez A. , Chibani W. , Mamdouh A. , Elawfi B. , Sharkawy A. M. , Abdelwahab O. A. , Awan R. U.
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Despite being effective in schizophrenia, second-generation antipsychotics are potent histamine-H1 receptor antagonists associated with weight gain. Histaminergic agonists can potentially counteract the weight gain effects of antipsychotics. Betahistine is a centrally acting histamine-H1 agonist and, therefore, may reduce antipsychotic-induced weight gain, but it has never been examined in a meta-analysis.

Objectives

This meta-analysis aims to examine the efficacy of betahistine in counteracting the weight gain effects of antipsychotics.

Methods

We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials (CENTRAL) for all relevant trials. We used Hedges’ g with its confidence interval as our effect size to correct for the small sample size. The primary outcomes of this study were changes in weight and body mass index (BMI). Changes in insulin resistance and lipid parameters were secondary outcomes.

Results

165 studies were included in the title/abstract screening, and 5 studies with 217 patients were finally included. Betahistine led to statistically significant changes in weight (Hedges’ g -1.13, 95% CI [-1.66, -0.60], p < 0001), BMI (Hedges’ g -1.64, 95% CI [-2.39, -0.89], p < 0.0001), and waist circumference (Hedges’ g -0.98, 95% CI [-1.47, -0.49], p < 0001). Nevertheless, betahistine did not lead to any significant changes in fasting glucose (Hedges’ g 0.02, 95% CI [-0.41, 0.44], p = 0.94) or insulin levels (Hedges’ g -0.07, 95% CI [-1.78, 1.64], p = 0.94).

Conclusions

Betahistine is an effective add-on treatment for second-generation antipsychotics to counteract weight gain experienced with these medications. Further trials are recommended to examine its effect on blood lipids and side effects.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
Efficacy of probiotics and fibers on metabolic disturbances associated with antipsychotics: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Soliman Y. , Hendi N. I. , Magdy Daniel J. , Emara M. , Gharib N. M. , Abdelwahab O. A. , Awan R. U.
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Human gut microbiota plays an important role in metabolic health. Atypical antipsychotics can lead to metabolic abnormalities and changes in the gut microbiota. Multiple studies have examined the role of probiotics in suppressing antipsychotics-induced weight gain, but they have never been examined in a meta-analysis.

Objectives

This network meta-analysis aims to compare the effect of probiotics + fibers, probiotics only, and fibers only on metabolic abnormalities induced by atypical antipsychotics.

Methods

We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials (CENTRAL) for all relevant studies. We used mean difference with its 95% confidence interval as our effect size. Primary outcomes were body weight and body mass index (BMI), while secondary outcomes were changes in other cardiometabolic risk factors.

Results

We included 4 randomized controlled trials comprising 319 patients. For body weight, probiotics + fibers (MD -3.96, 95% CI [-5.16, -2.76]), fibers only (MD -1.91, 95% CI [-3.81, -0.01]), and probiotics only (MD -1.37, 95% CI [-2.07, 0.66]) were significantly superior to placebo. Probiotics + fibers (MD -1.52, 95% CI [-2.11, -0.92]), but not fibers only or probiotics only, was associated with significant changes in BMI. Probiotics + fibers was also associated with significant changes in cholesterol (MD -0.37, 95% CI [-0.67, -0.07]), insulin levels (MD -3.37, 95% CI [-5.35, -2.10]), and insulin resistance index (MD -1.35, 95% CI [-1.94, -0.76]). There were no significant adverse events reported in the included studies.

Conclusions

Probiotics + fibers, probiotics only, and fibers can be effective in controlling antipsychotics-induced metabolic abnormalities, with probiotics + fibers being the most effective regimen. All three treatments were safe and well tolerated by patients.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
Impacts of Individual Placement and Support (IPS) program of supported employment on employment and psychosocial well-being among individuals with severe mental illness
Authors: Sipilä N. , Appelqvist-Schmidlechner K.
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Mental health problems increase the risk for unstable career paths and often lead to early transition to disability pensions. Individual Placement and Support (IPS) is an evidence-based program integrated into psychiatric care helping individuals with serious mental illness to find competitive employment. It comprises personalized job search as well as individual in-work support for both the employee and the employer.

Objectives

The Finnish Individual Placement and Support Evaluation Study (2020-2023) aims at investigating the implementation, feasibility as well as perceived benefits and outcomes of the IPS program implemented for the first time broadly in Finland. The present study focuses on the changes observed among program participants in employment status and psychosocial well-being during the 6-
and 12-months follow-ups.

Methods

Both quantitative and qualitative data from different stakeholders have been and will be collected. The data collection will be finished at the end of 2022. The presentation focuses on findings from interviews (n=31) and from questionnaire data collected among program participants at baseline and at 6-
and 12-months follow-ups. The total sample will comprise approximately 300 program participants (18−64 years of age) diagnosed with a severe mental illness.

Results

Findings on changes in employment status as well as in psychosocial well-being (self-rated health and work ability, mental distress, positive mental health, self-esteem, satisfaction with life, social inclusion, and perceived social support) will be discussed at the congress. The preliminary findings of the study show that about half of the program participants have succeeded in getting employed at least once during the follow-up. However, becoming employed does not always result in increased psychosocial well-being. Work-related stress, meaningless or unsuitable job, problems at the workplace community or fear of being stigmatized may contribute toward decreased psychosocial well-being.

Conclusions

Meaningful work can play an important role in the process of recovery from mental illness. However, individuals with severe mental health problems need support with the working life related concerns and stress especially at the beginning of employment.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
Psychiatric comorbidity profiles among suicidal attempters: A cohort study
Authors: Sanchez-Carro Y. , Diaz-Marsa M. , Fernandez-Rodrigues V. , Ayad-Ahmed W. , Pemau A. , Perez-Diaz I. , Galvez-Merlin A. , de la Higuera-Gonzalez P. , Perez-Sola V. , Saiz P. , Grande I. , Cebria A. , Andreo-Jover J. , Lopez-Peña P. , Ruiz-Veguilla M. , de la Torre-Luque A.
Published: August 2023

Introduction

More than 700,000 people die by suicide in 2019 globally (World Health Organitation 2021). Mental health problems constitute a risk factor for suicidal behavior and death by suicide (Hoertel et al. Mol Psychiatry 2015; 20 718–726). Different mental disorders have been related to different forms of suicidal ideation and behavior (Conejero et al. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2018; 20, 33) (Quevedo et al. Compr Psychiatry 2020; 102 152194). However, little is known on comorbidity profiles among suicide attempters.

Objectives

The aim of our work was to identify the psychiatric comorbidity profiles of individuals who were admitted a hospital emergency department due to a suicide attempt. Moreover, it intended to know their clinical characteristics according to comorbidity profile.

Methods

A sample of 683 attempters (71.30% female; M age= 40.85, SD= 15.48) from the SURVIVE study was used. Patients were assessed within the 15 days after emergency department admission. Sociodemographic (i.e., sex, age, marital status and employment status) and clinical data were collected. The International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) was used to assess DSM-V Axis 1 mental health diagnoses and the Columbia Suicide Rating Scale (C-SSRS) to assess suicidal ideation and behavior. The Acquired Capacity for Suicide-Fear of Death Scale (ACSS-FAD), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to assess the frequency of depressive symptoms during the past 2 weeks, and the General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale to assess symptoms of worry and anxiety were also conducted. For the identification of comorbidity profiles, latent class analysis framework was followed considering diagnosis to each individual disorder as clustering variables. On the other hand, binary logistic regression was used to study the relationship between comorbidity profile membership and clinical factors.

Results

Two classes were found (Class I= mild symptomatology class, mainly featured by emotional disorder endorsement; and Class II= high comorbidity class, featured by a wide amount of endorsed diagnoses) (see figure 1). Individuals from the High comorbidity class were more likely to be female (OR= 0.98, p<.05), younger in age (OR= 0.52, p< .01), with more depressive symptoms (OR=1.09, p<.001) and have greater impulsivity (OR= 1.01, p<.05).

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Conclusions

We found two profiles of people with suicidal behavior based on the presence of mental disorders. Each of the suicidal subtypes had different associated risk factors. They also had a different profile of suicidal behavior.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
Potential associations of food allergy and altered neurodevelopment in children
Authors: Abdelmoula B. , Kharrat N. , Abdelhedi R. , Bouayed Abdelmoula N.
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Allergic immune reactions and adverse reactions to foods, have been described as having growth concerns in children with food allergy. Moreover, immune dysregulation and inflammation have been documented as typical hallmarks in both allergic and neurodevelopmental conditions.

Objectives

In this review, we address the association of food allergy and altered neurodevelopment in children.

Methods

We comprehensively review the scientific literature using Pubmed database and other search platforms to state the potential associations of food allergy and altered neurodevelopment in children.

Results

Food allergy is a pathological, potentially deadly, immune reaction activated by normally inoffensive food protein antigens. It is an important public health problem that affects children (children under the age of 5 years: 5 %) and adults, and it has been increasing in prevalence in the last 2 to 3 decades. The enhancement of the knowledge of the pathophysiological mechanisms lead to many suggestions such as the important role of the intestinal microbiota, the role of the immunological adaptation of the mucosal immune system to food antigens and the nutritional impact and growth concerns of children with food allergy. In recent studies and reviews, a significant and a positive association of common allergic conditions, in particular food allergy, with autism spectrum disorder and with attention deficit hyperactivity disorders have been reported. At the mechanistic level, it was recently shown through animal models, the potential role of intracranial Mast cells in neuroinflammation and neuropathology associated with food allergy as well as the potential role of the dysfunction of the gut-brain axis in promoting white matter development during early life when the brain is vulnerable to environment (such as food restrictions) that can result in an a wide spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders later in life. Food allergy was also associated in literature with enhanced mTOR signaling in the brain and gut, which may impact brain and behavioral development.

Conclusions

Neurodevelopmental disorders which occur in childhood in the context of food allergy is a challenging public health problem that need more human research studies to understand underlying mechanisms and promote therapeutic innovations.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
Cross-cultural comparison of attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help : A Multinational Population-Based Study from 16 Arab Countries and 10,036 Individuals
Authors: Stambouli M. , Fekih Romdhane F. , Jaoua A. , Ghrissi F. , Cherif W. , Cheour M.
Published: August 2023

Introduction

There has been an increasing interest in people’s attitudes toward seeking psychological help. Although recent research has shown a rise in the number of people seeking help from psychological services, there is still a significant number who choose not to see a mental health specialist.

Objectives

The aim of the current study was to examine the attitudes toward help-seeking psychological help among Arab population and to investigate factors related to these attitudes in the whole sample.

Methods

We carried out a multinational cross-sectional study using online self-administered surveys in the Arabic language from June to November 2021 across 16 Arab countries.The Community Attitudes toward the Mentally Ill scale,the Mental Health Knowledge Schedule scale and the Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale-Short Form were administered to participants from the general public.

Results

The study sample was predominantly female (77%), married (41%), educated (89% with tertiary education), living in urban areas (85%), with a mean age of 29.6 ± 10.8 years.

Participants tended to have a higher preference to seek help from a psychologist or a psychiatrist (85.7%) and primary care physicians (80.7%).We also found that family members represented a preferred source of help in 80.4% of the cases.

In bivariate analyses, help-seeking attitudes positively correlated with attitudes (r=.265) and knowledge (r=.121). Besides, multivariate regression analyses revealed that being female, older, having higher knowledge and more positive attitudes toward mental illness, and endorsing biomedical and psychosocial causations were associated with more favorable help-seeking attitudes; whereas having a family psychiatric history and endorsing religious/supernatural causations were associated with more negative help-seeking attitudes.

Conclusions

Attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help are intricate. Determining factors associated with help-seeking attitudes may guide interventions in order to avoid delays in help-seeking.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
Association of rs11644461 GRIN2A with clinical phenotype of schizophrenia
Authors: Poltavskaya E. , Fedorenko O. , Kornetova E. , Pozhidaev I. , Paderina D.
Published: August 2023

Introduction

The glutamatergic system plays an important role in the neurobiology of schizophrenia. A lot of number of variants in the GRIN genes have been found in patients with various neuropsychiatric disorders (Myers et al. F1000Res 2019; 8(F1000 Faculty Rev) 1940). GluN2A, encoded by the GRIN2A gene, is the most abundant of the GluN2 NMDA receptor subunits in the mammalian CNS. Clinical symptoms of schizophrenia vary among individuals. The GRIN2A gene has previously been shown to be associated with early onset schizophrenia (Poltavskaya et al. Life (Basel) 2021; 11(10) 997).

Objectives

The aim of the study was to identify associations of the GRIN2A gene rs11644461 polymorphism with features of the course of schizophrenia.

Methods

This study was carried out in accordance with the Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association (Declaration of Helsinki 1975). 805 patients with schizophrenia (ICD-10: F20) were included. Clinical examination and diagnostic evaluation were performed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). From the general group of patients, 2 subgroups were distinguished according to the PANSS survey: 391 patients with leading negative symptoms and 414 patients with leading positive symptoms. Also 2 subgroups were distinguished from the general group of patients: 398 patients with a continuous course of schizophrenia and 257 patients with episodic schizophrenia. Genotyping was performed by real-time
PCR.

Results

An association of the C rs11644461 GRIN2A allele with the continuous course of schizophrenia was revealed (p<0,047). The rs11644461 polymorphism was not associated with the leading symptoms of the disease (positive or negative). At the same time, the values of the total score on the PANSS scale differed statistically significantly in carriers of different genotypes for this polymorphism. The sum of PANSS scores (Me [Q25 – Q75]) in carriers of the TC rs11644461 genotype was statistically significantly higher (106 [92–113]) than in carriers of the CC genotype (101 [87–108]) (p=0.006).

Conclusions

According to the results obtained, carriers of the TC rs11644461 GRIN2A genotype have a higher severity of schizophrenia symptoms according to the PANSS scale than carriers of the CC genotype. Also in the present study, it was shown that the C allele rs11644461 GRIN2A is associated with the continuous course of schizophrenia, which indicates the contribution of this locus to the formation of the course of the disease.

Disclosure of Interest

E. Poltavskaya Grant / Research support from: Russian Science Foundation # 21-15-00212, O. Fedorenko Grant / Research support from: Russian Science Foundation # 21-15-00212, E. Kornetova Grant / Research support from: Russian Science Foundation # 21-15-00212, I. Pozhidaev Grant / Research support from: Russian Science Foundation # 21-15-00212, D. Paderina Grant / Research support from: Russian Science Foundation # 21-15-00212
Noncoding de novo mutations contribute to autism via long-range chromatin interactions
Authors: Kim I. B. , Choi J. , Park J. E. , Lee J.-C. , Jung S.-B.
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Three-dimensional chromatin interactions regulate gene expressions. The significance of de novo mutations (DNMs) in chromatin interactions remains poorly understood for autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Objectives

To investigate the genomic architecture of ASD in terms of non-coding de novo mutations and 3-dimensional chromatin interactions

Methods

We generated 813 whole-genome sequences from 242 Korean simplex families to detect DNMs, and identified target genes which were putatively affected by non-coding DNMs in chromatin interactions.

Results

Non-coding DNMs in chromatin interactions were significantly involved in transcriptional dysregulations related to ASD risk. Correspondingly, target genes showed spatiotemporal expressions relevant to ASD in developing brains and enrichment in biological pathways implicated in ASD, such as histone modification. Regarding clinical features of ASD, non-coding DNMs in chromatin interactions particularly contributed to low intelligence quotient levels in ASD probands. We further validated our findings using two replication cohorts, Simons Simplex Collection (SSC) and MSSNG, and showed the consistent enrichment of non-coding DNM-disrupted chromatin interactions in ASD probands. Generating human induced pluripotent stem cells in two ASD families, we were able to demonstrate that non-coding DNMs in chromatin interactions alter the expression of target genes at the stage of early neural development.

Conclusions

Taken together, our findings indicate that non-coding DNMs in ASD probands lead to early neurodevelopmental disruption implicated in ASD risk via chromatin interactions.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
Behavioral signs of CHARGE syndrome and CHD7 mutational spectrum
Authors: Bouayed Abdelmoula N. , Abdelmoula B.
Published: August 2023

Introduction

CHARGE syndrome is a genetic entity caused by mutations in the chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 7 gene (CHD7) at 8q12.1. There are pleiotropic signs among individuals with this disorder. Diagnosis is clinical using medical criteria. CHD7 gene mutations are usually found in 90% of affected patients.

Objectives

The aim of this study was to report behavioral signs of CHARGE syndrome and their phenotype-genotype correlations.

Methods

Four Tunisian males from Sfax (Tunisia) with clinical features suggestive of CHARGE syndrome were examined at our genetic counselling at the medical University of Sfax. Assessment of facial dysmorphic and behavioral features, karyotyping using RHG banding and molecular screening of CHD7 mutations were performed. Molecular analysis was made using direct Sanger sequencing of the entire CHD7 gene.

Results

Molecular genetic analysis revealed two deletions of the CHD7 gene at exon 3 for the first patient and at exon 8 for the second. The two genetic alterations were associated to retarded growth development and genital hypoplasia. Sensory impairments included for the first visual defects and for the second auditory and olfactory defects. Besides constant delayed psychomotor development, the two patients shared receptive and expressive communication disorders, anxiety, attention deficit, cognitive impairment and intellectual disability. There were no aggressive traits nor major autistic features. Learning disabilities were also present for the two patients.

Conclusions

The CHD7 gene controls the developmental pathways as a transcriptional regulator in the nucleoplasm through chromatin organization. Mutational alterations lead according to the affected domains, and the structure of the nonfunctional CHD7 protein, to the perturbation of the regulation of the developmental pathways’ genes expression. CHD7 is demonstrated as an important component of neurogenesis through two neuronal determination factors: Sox4 and Sox11. While nonsense, frameshift and missense mutations are most common, deletions and duplications are less frequent. Moreover, while exon 3 is commonly altered, mutations of exon 8, which is related to the CHD7 protein chromodomain, are very rare. Phenotype-genotype correlations according to the type of genomic alteration of CHD7 gene are rarely published, particularly concerning behavioral and psychological features of CHARGE association. Here, physical disorders of our two patients seem to be different but behavioral features seem to be common. Multidisciplinary care is thus required for CHARGE syndrome and molecular analysis must be indicated because the type of the genomic alterations may be a key step for a more accurate management of physical and behavioral disorders.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
“… wise, amazed, temp’rate, and furious, Loyal and neutral, in a moment”: first heritability analysis of affective temperaments reports remarkably high SNP-based heritability
Authors: Gonda X. , Torok D. , Eszlari N. , Gyorik D. , Millinghoffer A. , Bagdy G. , Juhasz G.
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Depression shows a moderate heritability of 37-42%, which can be up to 75% in severely depressed samples 75%. At the same time SNP-based heritability of depression in GWAS-s is around 8-9%. Heterogeneity of the depressive phenotype may contribute not only to the lack of understanding its genetic background but may also hinder the identification of novel targets. Thus clinically relevant intermediate endophenotypes are needed for. The affective temperaments in the Akiskal model may be considered high-risk states or subclinical manifestations of mood disorders. Considering their strong genetic and biological background, high heritability in family studies, and their temporal stability, they may prove to be relevant endophenotypes for depression.

Objectives

The aim of the current study was to investigate the genetic determinants and heritability of affective temperaments based on a GWAS approach.

Methods

775 subjects aged between 18-60 years recruited in Budapest, Hungary provided genetic samples and completed questionnaires including the TEMPS-A (Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego) scale. A genome-wide association analysis was performed with the five affective temperaments as outcome variables. Age, gender, the top 10 principal components of the genome, and the other 4 phenotype were added in the model as covariates. Summary statistics derived from the GWAS analyses were used to estimate the heritability, i.e. the genetic variance explained by the different affective temperaments. LD score regression using LDPred2 [4] was performed to estimate heritability from the beta values and effect size in case of all 5 affective temperament phenotypes.

Results

rs3798978 showed a genome-wide significance (p=4.44x10-8) for anxious temperament, and several other variants showed suggestive significances for all five temperaments. The highest estimated heritability (h2 = 0.5224) was observed for the depressive temperament, and similarly high heritability was observed for the hyperthymic temperament (h2 = 0.4956). Anxious and cyclothymic temperaments showed almost the same heritability (cyclothymic h2 = 0.1651, anxious h2 = 0.1663), whereas for the irritable temperament, we got negative heritability estimation (h2 = -0.0567), which means that all of the phenotypic variance is explained by environmental factors.

Conclusions

Our analyses yielded remarkably high heritability values for depressive and hyperthymic temperaments explaining 52% and 50% of phenotypic variances. In contrast to the 8-9% SNP-based heritability in depression studies our findings suggest that these temperaments may be relevant endophenotypes for mood disorders.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
Compassion and burnout syndrome in medical students from the Colombian Caribbean coast
Authors: Ruiz Gonzalez E. P. , Krikorian A. , Romero A. M. , Lemos M. , Roman J. P.
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Compassion is expected to be a characteristic present in medical students, since it is a key element in subsequent professional practice (Blanco et al., 2021). However, during the degree, students go through various demands that can generate burnout syndrome (Amor et al., 2020) and as a consequence a decrease in compassion. In this sense, it is important to provide empirical evidence on the possible relationship between these two constructs, in order to generate support that allows the implementation of mental health promotion strategies.

Objectives

Analyze the relationship between compassion and burnout syndrome in medical students.

Methods

This study was done through a cross-sectional study of correlational scope in 250 medical students. The Compassion Scales developed by Gilbert (Gilbert et al., 2017) were used; they assess three general factors (Self-compassion, Compassion for others, and Compassion from others), However, in this study, we used only the self-compassion and compassion for others scales.

Results

The results revealed a statistically significant, positive correlation between personal accomplishment and self-compassion. In the case of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, significant associations were also found with self-compassion and compassion for others, but of a negative magnitude (Table 1).

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Conclusions

It was concluded that the higher the levels of self-compassion of the medical students evaluated, the greater their personal fulfillment. On the other hand, the lower the levels of self-compassion and compassion for others, the higher levels of depersonalization and emotional exhaustion were found in medical students

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
EUROLD: preliminary results of the ecological study on suicide and its associated socioeconomic variables in people over 85 in Europe
Authors: Carrasco Picazo J. P. , Rodríguez Ruzafa M. , Junquera Fernández G. , Aguilar E. J.
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Approximately one person commits suicide every 40 seconds, resulting in more than 800,000 deaths per year worldwide. Regarding this phenomenon, it is necessary to highlight how suicide rates increase markedly with age. These reach their highest figures in people aged 85 years or older, and this increase is very worrying in certain geographical areas. Although there is extensive literature on the risk factors that influence at the individual level, the same cannot be said when the problem is analyzed at the population level.

Objectives

The study aims to review the entire Eurostat database, relating suicide data from different European countries to any possible variables that may influence suicide. In this pilot phase, certain socioeconomic variables were chosen based on criteria of suitability and availability of the information provided, selecting data from 2015, as it was the most recent year in which most countries reported their data on suicide in people over 85 years of age.

Methods

Firstly, a comparison was made of suicide rates in people over 85 years of age in relation to overall suicide rates in different European countries (suicide rate in people over 85 years of age divided by the total rate in the country). Secondly, socioeconomic variables that may be more strongly related to suicide in this age group in these European countries were studied. After calculating the conditional suicide rate in people over 85 years of age with respect to the overall suicide rate in each country (Fig. 1), Spearman correlations were performed between the conditional rates and different demographic variables, economic variables, social variables, and health variables.

Results

Conditional suicide rates in people over 85 years of age show a marked difference between southern and northern European countries. In the correlational analysis, several significant associations were found. Suicide in those over 85 years of age was associated with economic variables (social deprivation, economic impossibility to buy new clothes, impossibility to dedicate money for personal matters and Gini coefficient), demographic (old-age dependency ratio) and health (self-perceived health). After performing a multivariate regression with the variables that were significant in the Spearman correlation, included the variables “old-age dependency ratio (X1)” and “economic impossibility to buy new clothes (X2),” with a value of R-square = 0.612 and a value of p < 0.01.

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Conclusions

The conclusions suggest that of the different variables studied, the great majority in which an association has been found belong to the field of economics, specifically poverty and economic inequality, and demographics, highlighting the old-age dependency ratio. Furthermore, marked north/south differences can be observed in the different European countries.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
Capgras Syndrome as a Manifestation of a Neurodegenerative Disease – What do we know?
Authors: Matias M. , Lopes L. , Grenha I. , Marques M. , Alves M.
Published: August 2023

Introduction

The Capgras syndrome (CS), firstly described in 1899, is a delusional conviction that a person emotionally close has been replaced by an imposter or duplicate. It has been associated to primary psychiatric disturbances as well as neuropsychiatric syndromes. Its etiology and management have been debated throughout the years. We describe a case of a 75 years old male who was admitted to our psychiatric ward due to aggressiveness towards his spouse, believing she was an imposter.

Objectives

In light of this case, we aim to discuss its etiology and review the association between the Capgras syndrome and neurodegenerative diseases.

Methods

Classically, CS was associated to psychotic illnesses such as schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder and substance abuse. However, recent studies shed light on other possible etiologies, such as neurodegenerative and nonneurodegenerative diseases. In older ages, it has been associated to Alzheimer’s and, most commonly, Lewy body dementia subtype. Research also shows that other misidentification syndromes are frequently present in association with CS. Patients are more likely to be aggressive towards caregivers under these circumstances. Studies suggest there is a higher prevalence of right hemisphere lesions in CS, namely frontal and temporal lobes, that impair facial processing. Various brain circuits are being proposed as possible etiopathogenesis.

In this case, parkinsonian signs were observed in our patient, such as resting tremor, imbalance gait and rigidity. Those had not been described before his hospitalization. His family stated memory loss and difficulty in executive functions were present for at least a year. This patient had no previous psychiatric history. Brain CT scan showed cortical atrophy.

Results

A neurodegenerative cause was assumed, and the patient was started on a cholinesterase inhibitor and on a second-generation antipsychotic. Improvement was observed.

Conclusions

This case is an example of the heterogenous etiology of the CS. It is important to consider different diagnosis, especially in older ages. More studies are needed to improve the knowledge on CS etiopathogenesis as well as the brains circuits involved. Psychopharmacology tackling theses syndromes is also a growing.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
The effect of suicide prevention program for community dwelling elderly
Authors: Kim K. , Yoon B.-H. , Gwon H. , Park S.
Published: August 2023

Introduction

The suicide rate in the elderly population is the highest of all ages in Korea. Suicide prevention programs specialized in the elderly are scarce.

Objectives

We evaluated the effect of the suicidal prevention program named “Nae-an-ae” (means to love oneself
), which was specifically designed for the conditions of the community dwelling elderly.

Methods

The subjects were those who agreed to participate in the Nae-an-ae program among those evaluated as suicide high-risk groups according to the 2021 Jeollanam-do Mental Health Survey. The program consisted of five sessions of simple activities that could be practiced in daily life along with knowledge transfer through education on emotion recognition, stress management, sleep and relaxation, pain and exercise, and depression. This program was conducted by social workers or nurses working at each local community mental health and welfare center. We evaluated the Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form Korean Version (GDS-SF), suicidal ideation, satisfaction with life scale (SWLS) and brief resilience scale (BRS) which were measured before and after the program and compared them with the control group.

Results

A total of 276 participated in the program, 226 were in the control group. In the program participating group, the frequency of suicidal ideation was significantly decreased from 36.2% to 11.6% after the program. GDS-SF, SWLS and BRS were significantly decreased in active group than control group.

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Conclusions

These findings showed that “Nae-an-ae” program was found to affect not only the control of suicide risk factors such as depression but also positive factors such as life satisfaction and resilience.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
Supervision as a tool of professional support of specialists
Authors: Dovbysh D. , Bebchuk M.
Published: August 2023

Introduction

In recent years, mental health professionals have faced a lot of difficulties and challenges in their work and often need the help of colleagues themselves.

Objectives

To study the specifics of self-reflection of mental health professionals in different years (January 2020 - October 2022)

Methods

Since 2002, Institute of Integrative Family Therapy has been using an approved registration card, which is filled in and handed over after completion of work by all specialists working with families. The maps contain sections describing the progress of work, hypotheses, system parameters of the family, features of the state of the specialist and clients, and so on. We conducted a content analysis of the cards: in 2020, 531 cards were considered, in 2021 - 390, in 2022 - 464 cards.

Results

There are differences in the subjective assessment by specialists of their condition over the years. In the description for the section “Themes and questions in family work that elicited strong emotional reactions from the therapist(s”), professionals began to mention their reactions of fear and confusion more often than before. So, in 2020, fear was mentioned by 4 and confusion by 17 specialists, in 2021 - by 5 and 16, in 2022 - by 36 and 121, respectively. In the section related to the reasons for changing the working (systemic) hypothesis, specialists changed the hypothesis more often (in 2020 - in 53 cases, in 2021 - 40, in 2022 - 98). “The degree of satisfaction of the specialist (-s) with the results of working with the family (in points from 1 to 10, where 1 - absolutely not satisfied, 10 - satisfaction exceeded all expectations" was assessed in 2022 by specialists lower than in previous years: the average value in 2020 - 8.8; in 2021 - 8.9; in 2022 - 6.2.

Conclusions

Supervision, as a form of professional growth and support from a more experienced colleague, is becoming an indispensable component of the work of a specialist helping families in 2022. Assistance in overcoming “dead end” and advising difficult cases due to the experience of the supervisor, on the one hand, allows specialists to understand the situation, offer alternative hypotheses, teach new interventions, on the other hand, it helps the supervised colleague to reflect on the case, analyze its “blind” zones, understand mistakes and summarize the unique experience gained in the psychotherapy of a “difficult” patient.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
Substance Use Disorders and other Mental Health Disorders associated with sexualized intravenous sbustance use (slamsex)
Authors: Curto Ramos J. , Barrio P. , Ibarguchi L. , García A. , Garde J. , Oliva A. , Dolengevich Segal H.
Published: August 2023

Introduction

The intentional use of drugs before or during sexual intercourse (chemsex) is a phenomenon of special importance in the MSM (men who have sex with men) population due to its impact on mental, physical and sexual health.

Objectives

The objective of this study was to compare the psychopathological characteristics between users whith sexualized intravenous substance use (slamsex) versus those who did not slamsex attended by the non-govenrmental organization Apoyo Positivo in the program “Sex, Drugs and You”.

Methods

A cross-sectional descriptive analysis of a sample of users attended by the non-govenrmental organization Apoyo Positivo in the program “Sex, Drugs and You” was performed.

Results

230 participants were included. Slam was associated with higher risk of having and anxiety or depressive disorder, suicidal ideation, induced psychosis and suicidal behavior, the differences were statistically significant (p<0.05) in all cases.

Conclusions

Slamsex is usually reported in our sample. Substance use disorders in slam users are usually associated with other mental disorders. This challenge requires adapt the therapeutical interventions of the professionals who work with patients with chemsex practices, specially with those who practice slamsex.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
Sex-specific associations of different risk behaviors with socio-demographic, health status and lifestyle factors
Authors: Kose J. , Duquenne P. , Hercberg S. , Galan P. , Touvier M. , Fezeu L. K. , Valentina A. A.
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Knowledge about concurrent substance use and other risk behaviors - as well as their determinants - in the general population is insufficient.

Objectives

To investigated socio-demographic, health status, and lifestyle determinants of habit-forming risk behaviors among French men and women.

Methods

We analyzed data collected in 2021–2022 from 32,622 participants (74.5% female; mean age=57.9±14.2 years) of the NutriNet-Santé web-cohort who had completed the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, the 12-item Cigarette Dependence Scale, the modified Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0, and the Internet Addiction Test. Using established cutoff values, participants were first split into 2 groups (Yes/No) for each risk behavior (alcohol use disorders, nicotine dependence, food addiction, and Internet addiction) and then placed into 3 groups (no risk behavior, 1 risk behavior (reference), and ≥2 risk behaviors) before fitting polytomous logistic regression models according to sex.

Results

Younger age (Odds Ratio: ORmale=2.07; ORfemale=2.04), self-perceived poor health (ORmale=2.06; ORfemale=1.61), having obesity (OR=1.56; ORfemale=1.30), lack of affection during childhood (ORmale=1.56; ORfemale=1.39), and a lifetime prevalence or medication use for a mental disorder (ORmale=1.73; ORfemale=1.38) were significantly associated with having ≥2 versus 1 habit-forming risk behavior in both sexes (all p<0.05). Results for experiencing current financial difficulties (ORfemale=1.34), self-perceived poor dietary quality (ORfemale=3.23), being underweight (ORfemale=1.58) and overweight (ORfemale=1.30) were significant only in females (all p<0.05). The same factors plus current e-cigarette use (ORmale=0.54; ORfemale=0.77) in both sexes, having a higher educational attainment (ORfemale=0.75), being physically active at work (ORfemale=0.78) in females were inversely associated with having none versus 1 risk behavior (all p<0.05).

Conclusions

To our knowledge, this is the first study to explore determinants of concurrent habit-forming risk behaviors among men and women in a large, population-based study. The findings could serve as impetus for future research in this domain and ultimately help guide addiction prevention efforts.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
Clinical and biological features associated to bipolar disorder with comorbid migraine: results from the FACE-BD cohort
Authors: Patoz M.-C. , Godin O. , Moisset X. , Chabert J. , M’Bailara K. , Etain B. , Belzeaux R. , Dubertret C. , Haffen E. , Schwan R. , Roux P. , Polosan M. , Aubin V. , Leboyer M. , Courtet P. , Olie E. , Llorca P.-M. , Samalin L.
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Migraine and bipolar disorder (BD) are two chronic and recurrent disorders with a major impact on patient’s quality of life. It is now well known that affective disorders and migraine are often comorbid (Leo et al. Scand J Pain. 2016; 11:136-145). Starting from these observations, we can hypothesis that BD patients with comorbid migraine might have specifical clinical and biological features.

Objectives

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of migraine in a cohort of French BD patients; determine sociodemographic, clinical, and biological features associated BD-migraine comorbidity.

Methods

4348 BD patients from the FACE-BD cohort were included from 2009 to 2022. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, lifestyle information, and data on antipsychotic treatment and comorbidities were collected, and a blood sample was drawn. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders was used to confirm the diagnosis of BD. Migraine diagnosis was established according to a clinician-assessed questionnaire.

Results

20.1% of individuals with BD had comorbid migraine. Half of these patients received treatment for migraine. Multivariate logistic regression model showed that risk of migraine in women was nearly twice that in men (OR = 1.758; 95% CI, 1.345-2.298). Anxiety disorder, sleep disturbances and childhood trauma were also associated with an increased risk of migraine comorbidity. Patients receiving antipsychotic treatment had less risk of developing migraine than those not receiving those treatment (OR 0.716, 95% CI, 0.554-0.925), independent of other potential confounders.

Conclusions

The prevalence of migraine in our cohort was lower than those previously reported in other studies. This result might suggest an overestimation of migraine diagnosis in BD patients population studies. However, BD-migraine comorbidity could constitute a subphenotype of bipolar disorder requiring specific treatments.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
Fecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids as Potential Biomarkers for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Boonchooduang N. , Louthrenoo O. , Likhitweerawong N. , Thonusin C. , Chattipakorn N. , Chattipakorn S. C.
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Growing evidence supports a possible link between gut microbiota and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) via the gut-brain axis. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), the major metabolites produced by gut microbiota through anaerobic fermentation, may influence gut-brain communication.

Objectives

To determine the alterations of gut microbiota and fecal SCFAs in children diagnosed with ADHD compared to healthy subjects.

Methods

Fecal samples were collected from children with ADHD (n=10), and age- and sex-matched healthy controls (n=10) for gut microbiota and SCFAs analysis.

Results

There were no significant differences in the abundance of any bacterial phyla in feces between groups. However, fecal concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid were significantly lower in children with ADHD compared to those of controls (Figure1). Interestingly, acetic acid and propionic acid levels were negatively correlated with ADHD symptoms (
Table 1). Macronutrient and fiber intake, determined from food frequency questionnaires, did not differ between groups.Table 1.

The regression analyses predicting ADHD symptoms scores from fecal short-chain fatty acids level.

Bp-value95%CIInattention scoreAcetic acid-0.140.009-0.24, -0.04Propionic acid-0.180.006-0.30, -0.06Hyperactive/Impulsive scoreAcetic acid-0.100.031-0.20, -0.01Propionic acid-0.140.018-0.25, -0.03Combined scoreAcetic acid-0.120.014-0.22, -0.03Propionic acid-0.160.008-0.27, -0.05

Image:

Conclusions

Our findings suggested that gut dysbiosis was possibly developed in children with ADHD, as indicated by a significant decrease in fecal SCFAs. In fact, fecal acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid may potentially be the early detector for ADHD. In addition, fecal acetic acid and propionic acid could be potential biomarkers for the severity of ADHD.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
Cognitive characteristics in women with mastectomy, mental symptoms and marriage compliance
Authors: Gürcen H. B. , Karaca S.
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Although mastectomy is a treatment for the cleaning of cancer cells in the breast, it can also cause psychological changes in women.

Objectives

This research was carried out to investigate the cognitive distortions, mental symptoms, and marital adjustment relationships in women with mastectomy.

Methods

The descriptive and comparatice study was conducted in a public hospital with 90 mastectomies and 90 healthy female samples. The data were collected using The Cognitive Distortions Scale (CDS), The Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), and Marriage Adjustment Scale (MAS) and were evaluated by descriptive statistical analyzes, t test, Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman Correlation Analysis.

Results

Women with mastectomy scored high in the healthy control group in all sub-dimensions of CDS and BSI and this difference is highly significant (p<0,5). Women with mastectomy scored higher in total agreement sub-dimensions than the healthy control group and the difference between them was statistically significant (p<0,5). There ara positive, very strong and statistically significant relationships between all sub-dimensions of the CDS and the total sub-dimension scores of the BSI (r=,769and, 919). There are positive, strong and statistically significant relationships between the sub-dimensions of the CDS and the sub-dimension of the agreement and the total score of MAS (r=681 and 734). There are strong and statistically significant relationships between the total and sub-dimension scores of the BSI and the sub-dimension and total score of the MAS’s agreement (r=,672 and 778).

Conclusions

Cognitive distortions and mental symptoms are significantly higher in women with mastectomy, and cognitive distortions are associated with mental symptoms. Cognitive distortions and psychological symptoms scores, marriage adjustment scores and agreement sub-dimension scores increase in women.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared