Features of the Relationship Between the Activity of the Enzymatic and Non-Enzymatic Links of the Antioxidant System of the Body Depending on the Tone of Autonomous Regulation
Authors:   M.V. Zubets Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv region, Ukraine, Zhukorskyi O.M. , Zhurenko O.V. ,   University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Karpovskyi V.I. ,   M.V. Zubets Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv region, Ukraine, Lytvynenko O.M. ,   M.V. Zubets Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv region, Ukraine, Postoienko V.O. ,   National Scientific Centre 'Institute of Beekeeping Named After P.I. Prokopovich,' the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kryvoruchko D.I. ,   University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Zhurenko V.V. ,   University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Shnurenko E.O. ,   M.V. Zubets Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv region, Ukraine
Published: November 2024

The purpose of the study is to establish the nature of the influence of autonomic nervous regulation on the activity of the antioxidant defense system of broiler chickens. For the study of autonomic nervous regulation, Cobb 500 chickens crossbred were used. Autonomic nervous regulation was studied by variation pulsometry in chickens 30-35 days old, after which reference representatives of three types of tone of autonomic regulation were selected: sympathicotonic, normotonic and vagotonic. It was established that the average value of superoxide dismutase activity in sympathicotonic chickens is statistically higher than in normotonic chickens, which indicates a more active oxygen consumption in sympathicotonic chickens. As a result, the formation of superoxide radical increases, which requires more superoxide dismutase to accelerate its neutralization. In 60-day-old sympathicotonic chickens, indicators of superoxide dismutase activity remain at a lower level than in normotonic chickens, and in vagotonic chickens, a downward trend is noted. The indicator of glutathione peroxidase with the predominance of the sympathetic department of autonomic regulation is statistically lower than vago- and normotonic. A correlation was determined between superoxide dismutase and retinol level in 35-day-old normotonic chickens, which indicates the mutual coordination of the work of the enzymatic and non-enzymatic link of the antioxidant system under the condition of balanced autonomous regulation. However, with age, the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system increases the influence on the relationship between superoxide dismutase and retinol in vagotonic chickens, in contrast to normotonic ones. It was found that the level of relationships between catalase and tocopherol increases with age in chickens with a vagotonic type of autonomous regulation. It has been proven that the level of tocopherol and retinol in 35-day-old vagotonic chickens is higher than that of normotonic chickens. Hens of the sympathicotonic and normotonic groups had a lower level of tocopherol in the blood plasma than in vagotonic hens. The level of retinol in the blood plasma of chickens with vagotonic type of autonomous nervous regulation is higher than that of normotonic and sympathicotonic chickens. This indicates the highest level of antioxidant protection in vagotonic chickens, which forms a solid foundation for higher immune status and growth in such birds.