bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stress exacerbates pancreatic cancer both directly and indirectly by creating an immunosuppressive environment
Authors: Ikeda Takahiro , Adachi Tomohiko , Tanaka Takayuki , Miyamoto Daisuke , Imamura Hajime , Matsushima Hajime , Yamamoto Kazuo , Hidaka Masaaki , Kanetaka Kengo , Eguchi Susumu
Published: December 2022

Background/Purpose

Sympathetic nerve stimulation by stress exacerbates various solid tumors, including pancreatic cancer (PCa). The relationship between cancer and immunity has been suggested; however, there is limited information about the effects of nerve stimulation on immunity and cancer. We aimed to investigate the involvement of sympathetic nerve stimulation in immune cells and its effects on PCa using a restraint stress mouse model.

Methods

In the in vitro experiment, the mouse‐derived PCa cell line (LTPA) was cultured in a noradrenalin‐supplemented medium. In the in vivo experiment, mice were divided into non‐stress and stress groups.

Results

LTPA proliferated significantly more when cultured in a noradrenalin‐supplemented medium than in a normal medium. Flow cytometry analysis of blood immune cells revealed a significant decrease in B cells, T cells, and macrophages and a significant increase in myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the stress group. Furthermore, a significant increase in blood noradrenaline levels was observed in the stress group (p < .01). In the PCa mice model, immune cells in the blood showed a similar trend, and the stress group had a poor prognosis. Furthermore, immunostaining at the tumor site showed that there was a lower number of B and T cells in the stress group. In addition, MDSCs were present at the tumor margins.

Conclusion

These results suggest that sympathetic nerve stimulation is not only directly involved in PCa growth but also exacerbates PCa by creating an immunosuppressive environment in the blood and tumor tissue.
Career counseling as relapse prevention: A theoretical look at social cognitive career theory in supporting recovery from substance use
Authors: Maynes Teresa D. , Nishikawara Ria K.
Published: December 2022

There is emerging evidence on the relationship between career outcomes and success in substance use recovery, in that individuals who are gainfully employed are more likely to have positive recovery outcomes, including reduced risk of relapse. Although career interventions for those in recovery exist, no intervention has focused on the intersection of career development and relapse prevention. This article explores a theoretical integration of relapse prevention and social cognitive career theory to increase the self‐efficacy, outcome expectancies, and coping of individuals in recovery, as well as implications and practical applications of this orientation for both career and substance use counselors.
Cross‐cultural adaptation of the Hebrew Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scale
Authors: Daoud Amani , Eisenbach Netanel , Ronen Ohad , Dror Amiel , Ohayon Tali Jane , Hajouj Majd , Sela Eyal , Marshak Tal
Published: December 2022

Objective

Nasal obstruction is a common complaint. The Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation scale (NOSE) is a reliable validated tool used to assess the quality of life of patients with nasal obstruction. The purpose of this study is to validate the Hebrew version of the NOSE scale (He‐NOSE).

Methods

A prospective instrument validation was conducted. The NOSE scale was translated primarily from English to Hebrew and then back from Hebrew to English according to the accepted guidelines of the cross‐cultural adaptation process. The study group included surgery candidates suffering from nasal obstruction due to a deviated nasal septum and/or inferior turbinate hypertrophy. The study group completed the validated He‐NOSE questionnaire twice prior to the surgery and once again, a month post‐surgery. A control group of individuals with no history of nasal complaints or surgeries was asked to complete the questionnaire once. Reliability, internal consistency, validity, and responsiveness to change of the He‐NOSE were evaluated.

Results

Fifty‐three patients and 100 controls were included in this study. The scale showed excellent ability to discriminate between the study and the control group, exhibiting significantly lower scores in the control group (73.8 and 7 average scores respectively, p < .001). Good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha .71 and .76) and test–retest reliability (Spearman rank correlation r = .752, p < .0001) were measured. Moreover, the scale revealed remarkable responsiveness to change (p < .00001).

Conclusion

The translated and adapted He‐NOSE scale can be a useful tool to be applied in both clinical and research fields when assessing nasal obstruction.

Level of evidence

N/A.
Registration of ‘S11‐16653C’ soybean: A high‐yielding conventional cultivar with broad resistance to diseases and nematodes
Authors: Shannon G. , Chen P. , Lee Y.‐C. , Canella Vieira C. , Ali M. L. , Lee D. , Scaboo A. , Crisel M. , Smothers S. , Clubb M. , Nguyen H. T. , Li Z. , Mitchum M. G. , Bond J. , Meinhardt C. , Usovsky M. , Robbins R. T.
Published: December 2022

The soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] line S11‐16653C (Reg. no. CV‐554, PI 700000) was developed and released as a cultivar by the University of Missouri, Fisher Delta Research, Extension, and Education Center (MU‐FDREEC). S11‐16653C is an early maturity group V (relative maturity 5.3), high‐yielding conventional (non‐genetically modified) cultivar with determinate growth habit. It is a chloride excluder and has a broad disease resistance package, including soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) races 1 (HG type 2.5.7), 2 (HG type 1.2.5.7), 3 (HG type 5.7), 5 (HG type 2.5.7), southern root‐knot nematode [Meloidogyne incognita (Kofold & White) Chitwood], peanut root‐knot nematode [Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal) Chitwood], reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis Linford & Oliveira), stem canker (Diaporthe aspalathi Jansen, Castlebury & Crous), Phytophthora root rot (caused by Phytophthora sojae M.J.Kaufmann & J.W.Gerdemann), and sudden death syndrome (Fusarium virguliforme O'Donell & T. Aoki). S11‐16653C was tested in 78 locations across nine states (Alabama, Arkansas, Kansas, Louisiana, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia) from 2012 to 2016. It was entered in internal yield tests at the MU‐FDREEC (2012–2014), USDA Uniform Soybean Tests (2014–2016), and soybean state variety tests (2015). It showed consistent high‐yielding performance and broad adaptability throughout the trials and locations. Overall, S11‐16653C is a high‐yielding conventional soybean cultivar that has potential for commercial production and serves as an exceptional germplasm for soybean breeding.
Hydrogen gas permeation in peroxide‐crosslinked ethylene propylene diene monomer polymer composites with carbon black and silica fillers
Authors: Jung Jae K. , Baek Un B. , Lee Sang H. , Choi Myung C. , Bae Jong W.
Published: December 2022

This study investigated the effect of two types of fillers, carbon black (CB) and silica, on the H2 permeation of peroxide‐crosslinked ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) polymers at different pressures (1.2–9.0 MPa). The H2 uptake was linearly correlated with the exposure pressure in all specimens. The H2 solubility in the filled EPDM composites also increased linearly with an increase in the filler content. The H2 solubility was determined by the absorption of polymer networks and adsorption at the filler surface in the CB‐filled EPDM. Meanwhile, the H2 solubility in neat and silica‐filled EPDM was dominated by the polymer network absorption. In the filled EPDM, H2 diffusivity decreased because the filler increased the tortuosity of the polymer. The effects of filler on H2 permeation were largest in the high‐abrasion and semi‐reinforcing furnaces, while the effects were lowest in the silica filler. This trend was associated with the surface area and interface of the fillers. The correlations of the average diffusivity (or permeability) with the filler content and crosslink density of the composites were observed and discussed. From the resulting relationships, we can predict the H2 permeation properties of the compounded EPDM candidates, when used as seal materials, under high‐pressure environment in H2‐refueling stations.
Sex differences in depression for childhood cancer survivors
Authors: Zhang Yafeng , Li Zhe , Wang Chunli , Zhang Linqi , Guo Shufang , Lin Jia , Zhou Chongchen , Zhang Zhong , Huo Shan , Fan Lihua , Ni Xin
Published: December 2022

Objective

This study examines the differential association between sex and depression, and the possible mediating pathways.

Methods

We analysed survey data from 296 (age 7–17.1 years) cancer survivors from three centres affiliated with Beijing Children's Hospital. Linear regression analysis was used to assess the association between sex and depression. Quantile regression analysis was used to estimate the regression coefficients (β) and 95% confidence intervals for sex in depression at different quantiles. Mediation analysis with multiple mediators was used to explore the effects of sex on depression.

Results

Using linear regression, we found that the age ranged from 8.7 to 10.4 years and the regression coefficient of sex on depression was significant (β = −2.75, p = 0.03). Quantile regression results showed a significant negative association between sex and depression in the 0.30–0.75 quantiles. Mediation analysis revealed that boys were 1.545 times more depressed than girls, with family resilience, self‐perceived burden, and behavioural problems explaining approximately 16.79%, 21.57%, and 43.94% of the sex difference, respectively. The combined effect of family functioning, resilience, social support, self‐perceived burden, and behavioural problems might explain the 89.17% sex difference.

Conclusion

Clinicians should consider sex effects when assessing depression in childhood cancer survivors and target sex‐specific interventions for further treatment.
Asymptotic tracking with novel integral robust schemes for mismatched uncertain nonlinear systems
Authors: Yang Guichao
Published: December 2022

Motivated by the desire to extend the well‐known robust integral of the sign of the error (RISE) feedback control to handle both matched and mismatched disturbances simultaneously, two novel continuous integral robust control algorithms with asymptotic tracking performance will be constructed for a class of high‐order uncertain nonlinear systems. By skillfully introducing a set of filtered error variables and asymptotic filters as well as an auxiliary system, they will be integrated via an improved backstepping framework. Significantly, the virtual control law integrated at each procedure will pass through a novel asymptotic filter and then the filtered signal will be adopted in the subsequent backstepping iteration. Notably, one of the control algorithms is constructed via the integral of the sign of the filtered error variable introduced at each step, which makes it incalculable due to the unmeasurable states. In order to implement this controller, two measures for calculating the sign function in terms of the filtered error variable will be expounded. More importantly, the stability of the closed‐loop system under each controller will be strictly proved and meanwhile application examples will be performed to demonstrate the theoretical results.
Effect of Iron Loading on Controlling Fe/N−C Electrocatalyst Structure for Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Nugroho Agung , Wahyudhi Agus , Oktaviano Haryo Satriya , Yudianti Rike , Hardiansyah Andri , Destyorini Fredina , Irmawati Yuyun
Published: December 2022

Fe/N−C electrocatalysts were synthesized using iron chloride, ammonium chloride, glycine, and acetylene black by pyrolysis at 900 °C under nitrogen atmosphere. Acid leaching process successfully removed non‐bonded Fe which confirmed by X‐ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis. Deconvolution of Raman spectra showed that Fe1−NC had a high ID/IG value of 1.37 due to the presence of defect sites and disordered carbon structure. The calculation result showed that higher Fe loading leads to the carbon structure rearrangement into graphitic structure, thus reducing the ID/IG to 1.06. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) test of Fe1−NC shows the best catalytic performance for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) compared to higher Fe‐loading samples. Rearrangement in the carbon structure into the more graphitic led to active sites decrease, thus resulted in a decrease of IORR from 4.6 to 1.7 μA for Fe1−NC and Fe20−NC. This study indicates that optimum iron loading could be an essential factor in improving catalyst performance.
Developing an Ultrasensitive Colorimetric Assay for Low‐abundance Iron‐tetraamido Macrocyclic Ligand (Fe−TAML) Catalyst
Authors: Zhang Zhuang , Wang Ying , Gan Hui Ting , Yang Kun‐Lin
Published: December 2022

Fe−TAML is a well‐known green catalyst for bleaching and wastewater treatments. Quantitative analysis of Fe−TAML is important to understand its activity and lifetime in these applications. However, because of its sub‐parts‐per‐million dosage and the presence of interfering substances, it is very challenging to detect Fe−TAML specifically and quantitatively at this level. To overcome these issues, we develop a quantitative assay for Fe−TAML, which is based on its catalytic reaction with a blue dye (Reactive Blue 19) and H2O2. This assay is highly specific, and shows no interference for iron species. Moreover, the colorimetric assay can be carried out for fast screening of Fe−TAML with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.39±0.08 μg L−1. Finally, this assay was successfully applied to understand the stability of Fe−TAML under various conditions, and monitoring the activity of Fe−TAML during wastewater treatments.
Development and Laboratory Scale Characterization of a New Hybrid Nano‐enhanced Phase Change Material for Solar Thermal Energy Storage
Authors: Pandya Mohit , Ansu Alok Kumar , Sharma Ravi Kumar , Pandey Adarsh Kumar , Tripathi Dharmendra , Sarı Ahmet , Tyagi Vineet Veer
Published: December 2022

The latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) systems using organic phase change materials (PCMs) offer significant advantages, however, they suffer with low thermal conductivity and this limitation restricts their uses in many real applications. This weakness of them has attracted the attention of worldwide researchers. In the present work, a novel hybrid organic phase change material (HOPCMs) using two‐step method is prepared by the addition of copper oxide and titanium oxide nanoparticles in different mass fraction ratio for elevating the thermal conductivity of myristic acid (MA) as base PCM. The findings of this experimental work show that with the addition of 75 % CuO and 25 % TiO2 of total 1 % of combined nanoparticles mass fraction, the thermal conductivity of pure PCM enhances by an amount of 13.16 %. The thermo‐physical properties were obtained using differential scanning calorimetry and they show that by the addition of hybrid nanoparticles, PCM does not loses its latent heat by more than 2 %. The chemical and thermal properties were tested by adopting Fourier transform and infrared spectrometer (FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD) technique, and thermogravimetric (TGA) analyzer. The reliability and stability of the HOPCMs were checked by conducting accelerated thermal melt/freeze cycle test for 1000 cycles. The HOPCMs so obtained, reveal the good thermal and chemical properties, and ensure a long‐term performance for medium temperature based LHTES systems.
Coordination Properties of Porphyrin Analogues Ionized Forms by Experiment and Quantum Chemistry: 5,10,15,20‐Tetraphenyl‐21‐thia‐ and 5,10,15,20‐Tetraphenyl‐21,23‐Dithiaporphyrins
Authors: Pukhovskaya Svetlana G. , Ivanova Yulia B. , Syrbu Sergey A. , Plotnikova Anna O. , Kuzmin Ilya A. , Pimenov Oleg A. , Shlykov Sergey A.
Published: December 2022

Modification of porphyrins by a replacement of N atom(s) with a heteroatom(s) resulted in the so called heteroporphyrins which exhibit interesting physicochemical properties. In this work, the spectral properties of ions and neutral forms of 5,10,15,20‐tetraphenyl‐21,23‐dithia porphyrin (S2PP) and 5,10,15,20‐tetraphenyl‐21‐thia‐porphyrin (HSPP) have been investigated. According to the spectrophotometric analysis in acetonitrile – perchloric acid solution, the dication H2S2PP2+ reveals an ability to coordinate two ClO4− anions, which was not found for H3SPP2+. This fact, as observed in the UV‐Vis absorption spectra, indicates the possibility of exhibiting chemosensory properties of S2PP molecules. The geometries of the neutral and ionized forms were derived from B3LYP/cc‐pVTZ calculations. The perimeters of the cavities increase in the series: H2PP→HSPP→S2PP. This trend is kept in case of the ionized forms; the protonation expands the cavity perimeter. Electron density distributions were analyzed in terms of quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM). The UV‐vis spectra simulated on the base of the TD‐DFT calculations match the experimental results.
Charge Transfer as Bridging Correlator for DSSC Efficiency and NLO Property
Authors: Sharma Suryapratap J. , Sekar Nagaiyan
Published: December 2022

The efficacy of dipyridyl and diphenylamine sensitizers in dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) is linked to trends in DFT‐based charge transfer and non‐linear optical (NLO) properties. We chose DFT and Time‐dependent‐DFT methods. The planarity is improved by replacing the phenyl ring at the donor site with a thiophene ring. Similarly, cyanoacetic acid acceptor improves planarity over rhodamine‐3‐acetic acid acceptor. In all cases in HOMO, the electron density is located at the donor and some part of the spacer, and in LUMO, it is shifted to the acceptor. Bond length alternation, bond order alternation, quinoid character, effective charge transferred distance, effective charge transferred, chemical potential, electrophilicity index, and electron correlation descriptors showed direct relation, while hardness and hyperhardness showed an inverse relation with NLO properties. We observed higher β0 and γ for thiophene‐based sensitizers ranging from 248.81×10−30 to 440.92×10−30 esu and 777.82×10−36 to 1442.69×10−36 esu, respectively. Likewise, more negative values of ΔGinject (−0.630 to −0.752 eV), a smaller value of ΔGreg (0.662 to 0.790 eV), and higher LHE (0.959 to 0.976) are observed for thiophene‐based sensitizers. Also, thiophene‐based sensitizers showed shorter Ti−O bond lengths than their phenyl‐based sensitizers. Photovoltaic parameters are directly related to DSSC efficiency and NLO properties.
3D Print Polyaniline/Gelatin Hydrogels as Wearable Multifunctional Sensors
Authors: Sun Shuang , Hao Feiyue , Maimaitiyiming Xieraili
Published: December 2022

Gelatin is a good biocompatible material. Polyaniline is a polymer compound that can conduct electricity when doped with phytic acid (Ph). However, there are few reports on PANI and gelatin hydrogels. In this paper, a new synthesis method of polyaniline (PANI) was developed, which greatly improved the gas sensitivity while maintaining the excellent quality of PANI. PANI and gelatin were composited into a unified 3D network. ANI synthesized phytic acid‐doped PANI and then mixed gelatin with it to make wearable 3D printed sensors. Multilayer structures prepared by 3D printing with PANI ink are free of build‐up. A PANI hydrogel sensor was fabricated using a 3D printing method with a stress sensing range of 0–899.8 MPa, a strain sensing range of 0–764.4 % sensitivity GF=1.4, and a TCR=−1.3 for temperature 8.4–29 °C. The sensor can accurately detect the motion of large strains in human knee joints and small strains in finger bending. In this study, a simple “green” method was used to convert inexpensive gelatin into a high‐performance multifunctional wearable sensor, which can be recycled and provided application prospects for sustainable and environmentally friendly biocompatible materials in the future.
Effect of ‘Fluorophenylammonium’ and ‘Fluorophenethylammonium’ as Spacer on the Photo(electro)chemical and Photocatalytic Behaviour of Mixed Halide Based Layered Perovskites
Authors: Mondal Arindam , Gupta Satyajit
Published: December 2022

Two‐dimensional lead (Pb2+) based halide perovskites (2D‐PbHaPs) with a structural formula of R2PbX4 (where R=organic amine and X=Cl, Br or I) represents a ‘layered’ structure, having better stability compared to three‐dimensional lead halide perovskites (3D‐PbHaPs) such as APbX3 (where A=methylammonium and X=Cl, Br or I). The choice of ‘R’ site, which acts as a ‘spacer’ in the PbX64− octahedral framework, is critical in determining the optical and electrical properties of the 2D‐PbHaP based semiconductors. In this study, two different spacers [4‐fluorophenethylammonium‐FC6H4−CH2−CH2−NH3+; abbreviated as FPEA and 4‐fluorophenylammonium‐FC6H4−NH3+; abbreviated as FPA] are selected as ‘R’ site of the 2D framework of ‘mixed halide’ based 2D‐PbHaP systems [(FPEA)2PbI2Br2 and (FPA)2PbI2Br2)], to examine the impact of the ‘spacer’ on the optical properties, photo(electro)chemical, and photocatalytic behavior in the form of thin‐films. The thin films were having an approximate thickness of 325±25 nm. The bandgap (EBG) and photo‐luminescence peak of (FPA)2PbI2Br2 was observed to be red‐shifted compared to (FPEA)2PbI2Br2. Chronoamperometry and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) analysis indicated a ∼100 % improvement in the photo‐current density for (FPA)2PbI2Br2 compared to (FPEA)2PbI2Br2. Furthermore, the (FPA)2PbI2Br2 based system showed better photocatalytic activity towards degradation of methylene blue and S−S coupling reactions, compared to (FPEA)2PbI2Br2.
Balancing Ni0 and Ni2+ on γ‐Al2O3 for Efficient Steam Methane Reforming
Authors: Zhang Junjie , Xiao Zhourong , Wang Li , Zhang Xiangwen , Li Guozhu
Published: December 2022

Steam methane reforming (SMR) is the most mature technology for hydrogen production in industry, and alumina supported nickel (Ni/Al2O3) is the most widely used catalyst. Herein, the key role of Ni valence state on the catalytic SMR performance of Ni/Al2O3 is reported. The ratio of Ni0/Ni2+ on Ni/Al2O3 is individually and effectively tuned by changing the reduction temperature after wet impregnation. Catalytic performance of Ni/Al2O3 is greatly dependent on the surface concentration of Ni0 and Ni2+. The catalyst reduced at 675 °C possesses balanced Ni0 and Ni2+ sites and exhibits superior catalytic performance, on which 60 % of methane is stably converted at 600 °C. CH4‐TPD and CO‐TPD profiles demonstrate that appropriate Ni0/Ni2+ ratio can promote the adsorption of CH4 and inhibit the moderate‐strength adsorption of CO, which leads to increased SMR activity and selectivity.
Synthesis and characterization of g‐C3N4 doped with activated carbon (AC) prepared from grape leaf litters for the photocatalytic degradation of enrofloxacin in aqueous systems
Authors: Olufemi Oluwole Adewumi , Khoza Phindile , Olatunji Olatunde Stephen
Published: December 2022

The composites of graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) doped with activated carbon (AC) were synthesized using the calcination method, and used as photocatalysts for the degradation of enrofloxacin in an aqueous system. The physical, morphology, and spectroscopic properties of the synthesized AC, bulk g‐C3N4, and AC/g‐C3N4 composites were characterized using x‐ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller method (BET), scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x‐ray mapping (SEM‐EDX‐mapping), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with high resolution‐transmission electron microscopy (HR‐TEM), ultraviolet‐visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy techniques (UV‐Vis DRS), photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), and electron impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The AC/g‐C3N4 composites exhibited an extended visible light response and higher separation rate of photogenerated electron‐hole pairs compared to the bulk g‐C3N4. The 1 : 1AC/g‐C3N4 composite showed superior photocatalytic performance, nearly seven times higher than the bulk g‐C3N4 nanosheets, toward the degradation of enrofloxacin in aqueous solutions, under visible light irradiation. The high photocatalytic efficiency of AC/g‐C3N4 composites may be attributed to the role played by the significantly improved surface area, and the occurrence of high photoinduced charge separation, as revealed by the morphological and opto‐spectroscopic characterization of the synthesized composites, and photocatalysis experimental data. Furthermore, the AC/g‐C3N4 composites exhibited excellent recyclability and stability, making them potential candidates for use in environmental remediation.
Efficient Construction of Tetrahydroquinazolines via HFIP‐Promoted [1,5]‐Hydride Transfer/6‐Endo‐Trig Cyclization
Authors: Dong Fengying , Song Xiaopei , Yin Xiangcong , Wang Liang
Published: December 2022

Described herein is a practical and scalable protocol for the syntheses of pharmaceutically significant tetrahydroquinazolines in good yields via cascade condensation/[1,5]‐hydride transfer/6‐endo‐trig cyclization, which features mild, salt‐free & additive‐free conditions; broad substrate scope; and chemoselective N,N‐dialkylation of primary amine with two diverse alkyl groups in one step.
Supporting Emergent Writing with Oral Storytelling Strategies
Authors: Schrodt Katie , FitzPatrick Erin , McClain Janna
Published: December 2022

In early childhood classrooms, little time is spent writing (Gerde et al., Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 31, 34, 2015), and students receive limited supports to enhance their writing skills (Bingham et al., Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 39, 35, 2017). In early childhood, when students experience rich writing environments where their creativity is fostered through appropriately scaffolded experiences, their understanding of the relationship between oral and written language grows (Gerde et al., Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 31, 34, 2015), their writing performance improves (Bingham et al., Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 39, 35, 2017), and their foundational literacy skills are supported (Rowe et al., The Reading Teacher, 75, 485, 2021). Oral storytelling is an example of a culturally sustaining practice (Flores & Springer, Theory Into Practice, 60, 312, 2021) that can facilitate writing development (Kirby et al., Reading & Writing Quarterly, 37, 574, 2021). Building from teaching experiences in three racially, linguistically, and socioeconomically diverse kindergarten classes in the mid‐south, this Teaching and Learning Guide demonstrates three easily implemented strategies for oral storytelling that support emergent writing. These strategies helped students leverage knowledge from their family and community resources, generate ideas for writing, add details to their oral narratives, and adopt the narrative discourse structures typically found in school‐based literature. Each strategy includes a description of the implementation, authentic examples of student responses, and suggestions for adopting this practice in other contexts.
First Experience with the Nimbus Stentretriever
Authors: Lehnen Nils C. , Paech Daniel , Zülow Stefan , Bode Felix J. , Petzold Gabor C. , Radbruch Alexander , Dorn Franziska
Published: December 2022

Purpose

To share our first experience with the Nimbus stentretriever, a multizone device designed to assist neurointerventionalists in handling fibrin-rich clots in endovascular stroke treatment.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the data of patients who were treated with the Nimbus stentretriever at our high-volume stroke center between May 2021 and May 2022. We evaluated the number of passes before Nimbus was used, the number of passes with nimbus, as well as the recanalization success before and after Nimbus according to the modified treatment in cerebral ischemia (mTICI) scale. Also, patient characteristics, procedural times and clinical outcomes were documented.

Results

A total of 21 consecutive patients were included in the study. An mTICI 2b/3 could be achieved in 76.2% and mTICI 2c/3 could be achieved in 57.1%. The mean number of passes was 3.4 before the use of Nimbus, 2.2 with Nimbus, and 5.4 for all passes with and without Nimbus and 4 occlusions (19.0%) were successfully recanalized with direct aspiration after the use of Nimbus. We observed seven subarachnoid hemorrhages (33.3%) and two cases of vasospasm.

Conclusion

In our series, the use of Nimbus resulted in successful recanalization in half of the patients after otherwise unsuccessful thrombectomy maneuvers; therefore, it should be considered as a rescue option if the maneuver with conventional stent retrievers was unsuccessful.
Neue Ansätze für naturbasierte Lösungen in Perlmuschelgewässern – eigendynamische Entsandung in einem physikalischen Modellversuch
Authors: Stelzer Sophie , Worf Dominik , Flödl Peter , Sindelar Christine , Höfler Sarah , Hauer Christoph
Published: December 2022

In den Flüssen der Böhmischen Masse stellt ein unausgewogenes Sedimentregime in Form eines Sedimentüberschusses zunehmend ein Problem dar. Die vorherrschenden Korngrößenfraktionen (d = 1 bis 10 mm) sind ungeeignete Lebensräume u. a. für Flussperlmuscheln (Margaritifera margaritifera), die in Restpopulationen im österreichischen Teil der Böhmischen Masse vorkommen. Neben der ökologischen Beeinträchtigung kann der oben beschriebene Sedimentüberschuss auch das Hochwasserrisiko in bestimmten Bereichen erhöhen, wodurch wiederholte Eingriffe in das Flussbett (z. B. Baggerungen) notwendig sein können. Um von rein technischen Maßnahmen zu naturnahen Lösungen überzugehen, bietet das Konzept der naturbasierten Lösungen (NbS) eine Möglichkeit, ökologische Probleme und Hochwasserrisiken zu entschärfen. Für eine effektive Maßnahmenplanung ist jedoch ein umfassendes Prozessverständnis erforderlich. Diese Studie verringert diese Defizite im Prozessverständnis mit einem physikalischen Modellversuch, in dem eine technisch optimierte NbS zur Unterstützung des natürlichen Prozesses der eigendynamischen Entsandung (EE) entwickelt wurde. EE beschreibt die Ablagerung von Sedimenten am Gewässervorland. Die Modellversuche zeigten, dass Maßnahmen am Vorland und im Gewässer die EE fördern können, indem sie den Sedimentaustrag aus dem Gewässer sowie die Ablagerung am Vorland erhöhen. Mit der entwickelten Maßnahmenanordnung können bei einem einjährlichen Hochwasser bis zu 14,7 % der insgesamt transportierten Sedimente ausgetragen werden.
Three-dimensional interfacial fracture analysis of a one-dimensional hexagonal quasicrystal coating
Authors: Zhang Xin , Zhao Minghao , Fan Cuiying , Lu C. S. , Dang Huayang
Published: December 2022

In this paper, the three-dimensional (3D) interfacial fracture is analyzed in a one-dimensional (1D) hexagonal quasicrystal (QC) coating structure under mechanical loading. A planar interface crack with arbitrary shape is studied by a displacement discontinuity method. Fundamental solutions of interfacial concentrated displacement discontinuities are obtained by the Hankel transform technique, and the corresponding boundary integral-differential equations are constructed with the superposition principle. Green’s functions of constant interfacial displacement discontinuities within a rectangular element are derived, and a boundary element method is proposed for numerical simulation. The singularity of stresses near the crack front is investigated, and the stress intensity factors (SIFs) as well as energy release rates (ERRs) are determined. Finally, relevant influencing factors on the fracture behavior are discussed.
Public Finance with Behavioural Agents
Authors: Lardeux Raphaël
Published: December 2022

Recent developments in behavioural economics have deeply influenced the way governments design public policies. They give citizens access to online simulators to cope with tax and benefits systems and increasingly rely on nudges to guide individual decisions. The recent surge of interest in Behavioural Public Finance is grounded on the conviction that a better understanding of individual behaviours could improve predictions of tax revenue and help design better-suited incentives to save for retirement, search for a new job, go to school or seek medical attention. Through a presentation of the most recent developments in Behavioural Public Finance, this Element discusses the way Behavioural Economics has improved our understanding of fiscal policies.
The informed consent form navigator: a tool for producing readable and compliant consent documents
Authors: Bona Jonathan P. , Utecht Joseph , Kemp Aaron S. , Gan Jennifer M. , Caballero Alison , Trudeau Christopher R. , Brochhausen Mathias , James Laura
Published: December 2022

Background/Objective

Informed consent forms (ICFs) and practices vary widely across institutions. This project expands on previous work at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS) Center for Health Literacy to develop a plain language ICF template. Our interdisciplinary team of researchers, comprised of biomedical informaticists, health literacy experts, and stakeholders in the Institutional Review Board (IRB) process, has developed the ICF Navigator, a novel tool to facilitate the creation of plain language ICFs that comply with all relevant regulatory requirements.

Methods:

Our team first developed requirements for the ICF Navigator tool. The tool was then implemented by a technical team of informaticists and software developers, in consultation with an informed consent legal expert. We developed and formalized a detailed knowledge map modeling regulatory requirements for ICFs, which drives workflows within the tool.

Results:

The ICF Navigator is a web-based tool that guides researchers through creating an ICF as they answer questions about their project. The navigator uses those responses to produce a clear and compliant ICF, displaying a real-time preview of the final form as content is added. Versioning and edits can be tracked to facilitate collaborative revisions by the research team and communication with the IRB. The navigator helps guide the creation of study-specific language, ensures compliance with regulatory requirements, and ensures that the resulting ICF is easy to read and understand.

Conclusion:

The ICF Navigator is an innovative, customizable, open-source software tool that helps researchers produce custom readable and compliant ICFs for research studies involving human subjects.
The BIAT and the AMP as measures of racial prejudice in political science: A methodological assessment
Authors: Clayton Katherine , Horrillo Jordan , Sniderman Paul M.
Published: December 2022

Political scientists often use measures such as the Brief Implicit Association Test (BIAT) and the Affect Misattribution Procedure (AMP) to gauge hidden or subconscious racial prejudice. However, the validity of these measures has been contested. Using data from the 2008–2009 ANES panel study—the only study we are aware of in which a high-quality, nationally representative sample of respondents took both implicit tests—we show that: (1) although political scientists use the BIAT and the AMP to measure the same thing, the relationship between them is substantively indistinguishable from zero; (2) both measures classify an unlikely proportion of whites as more favorable toward Black Americans than white Americans; and (3) substantial numbers of whites that either measure classifies as free of prejudice openly endorse anti-Black stereotypes. These results have important implications for the use of implicit measures to study racial prejudice in political science.
Late Quaternary formation of the Miaoli Tableland in northwest Taiwan, an interplay of tectonic uplift and fluvial processes dated by OSL
Authors: Liu Shih-Hung , Lüthgens Christopher , Hardt Jacob , Hebenstreit Robert , Böse Margot , Frechen Manfred
Published: December 2022

The “tablelands” in Taiwan are sedimentary terraces occurring in the foreland basin west of the Neogene mountain ranges. The Miaoli Tableland consists of elevated Late Quaternary sedimentary successions, representing a change from tidal to coastal and fluvial to eolian depositional environments. The present-day morphology is a result of combined processes, including differential tectonic uplift, ongoing fluvial aggradation, and incision. Selected deposits in 10 outcrops were sampled and studied by optical dating. The deposition of fluvial sediments started after the last interglacial (<100 ka) in the southeast of the tablelands. Uplift and sea-level lowering caused a base-level fall, resulting in a stepwise redeposition of the fluvial sediments. Additionally, enhanced remobilization of fluvial sediments occurred during the cold/dry climate during Marine Oxygen Isotope Stages (MIS) 4 and 2. The depositional ages of the coastal sediments enabled the estimation of long-term uplift rates of ca. 0.5 to 3.5 mm/yr. The eolian cover sediments yielded MIS 3 (east) to Holocene ages (west). Our results provide new insight into the interplay of climate, sea-level changes, remobilization of sediments, and tectonism leading to tableland formation during the Late Quaternary.
Dropout from psychological treatment for borderline personality disorder: a multilevel survival meta-analysis
Authors: Arntz Arnoud , Mensink Kyra , Cox Wouter R. , Verhoef Rogier E. J. , van Emmerik Arnold A. P. , Rameckers Sophie A. , Badenbach Theresa , Grasman Raoul P. P. P.
Published: December 2022

Background

Dropout from psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a notorious problem. We investigated whether treatment, treatment format, treatment setting, substance use exclusion criteria, proportion males, mean age, country, and other variables influenced dropout.

Methods

From Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane, Psycinfo and other sources, 111 studies (159 treatment arms, N = 9100) of psychotherapy for non-forensic adult patients with BPD were included. Dropout per quarter during one year of treatment was analyzed on participant level with multilevel survival analysis, to deal with multiple predictors, nonconstant dropout chance over time, and censored data. Multiple imputation was used to estimate quarter of drop-out if unreported. Sensitivity analyses were done by excluding DBT-arms with deviating push-out rules.

Results

Dropout was highest in the first quarter of treatment. Schema therapy had the lowest dropout overall, and mentalization-based treatment in the first two quarters. Community treatment by experts had the highest dropout. Moreover, individual therapy had lowest dropout, group therapy highest, with combined formats in-between. Other variables such as age or substance-use exclusion criteria were not associated with dropout.

Conclusion

The findings do not support claims that all treatments are equal, and indicate that efforts to reduce dropout should focus on early stages of treatment and on group treatment.
Vanity Monitor
Authors: Sibert Ariel , Friends Fake
Published: December 2022

The work of Brooklyn-based theatre company Fake Friends, always obsessed with screens, the self, and theatrical presence, gained a new following when they adapted their work for livestream during the Covid-19 pandemic. At the same time these adaptations, which transformed the company’s practice from “screens-on-stage” to “staged-for-screen,” reinvigorated debates around absence, presence, and alienation in the Zoom era.
Presence and the Stuff That Isn’t There
Authors: Roach Joseph
Published: December 2022

The current theory of “camera presence” derives from ancient and early modern sources in theology, natural philosophy, rhetoric, and eventually science. As music depends on silence, “presence” in these disciplines depends on absence, and authorities framed their understanding of the expressiveness of actors by analogizing their performances to “electrical fire” based on the reciprocal action of positive and negative charges as effected by “phlogiston,” or “the stuff that isn’t there.”
Back for Good
Authors: Lynch Regan Michael
Published: December 2022

As venues shuttered across Australia, a fervent queer nightlife dreamed up new relations with virtuality, traversing the unstable terrains of memory and trauma. From reflections of sweaty dance floors to the 2020 Zoom-wave of internet performance, the mutual consideration of presence and lack both complexifies and reifies the stakes in reviving queer nightlife cultures.
Presently in Beds
Authors: Telleria Nahuel
Published: December 2022

How can we be present yet not physically in person? Three bed performances in Argentina suggest such a possibility. In a country marked by the disappearance of 30,000 citizens, artists and activists have sought to make the absent present. These bed performances reveal that by mediating presence and expanding it beyond the here and now, what was thought to have disappeared, remains.

Pastoral associates stand in front of huge screens to pray for hundreds of people at the same time. Emmanuel TV Studios, Lagos, Nigeria, 1 June 2021. See “The Healing of Maseko: Live and A-live Presences in the Theatre of the Spiritual” by Abimbola A. Adelakun. (www.youtube.com/watch?v=P1vRT6imV4o; screenshot by TDR)
Salt intake reduction using umami substance-incorporated food: a secondary analysis of NHANES 2017–2018 data
Authors: Nomura Shuhei , Tanaka Shiori , Eguchi Akifumi , Kawashima Takayuki , Nakamura Haruyo , Lwin Kaung Suu , Yamasaki Lisa , Yoneoka Daisuke , Tanoe Yuta , Adachi Megumi , Hayabuchi Hitomi , Koganemaru Shosei , Nishimura Toshihide , Sigel Byron , Uneyama Hisayuki , Shibuya Kenji
Published: December 2022

Objective:

Excessive salt intake raises blood pressure and increases the risk of non-communicable diseases (NCD), such as CVD, chronic kidney disease and stomach cancer. Reducing the Na content of food is an important public health measure to control the NCD. This study quantifies the amount of salt reduced by using umami substances, i.e. glutamate, inosinate and guanylate, for adults in the USA.

Design:

The secondary data analysis was performed using data of the US nationally representative cross-sectional dietary survey, the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–2018. Per capita daily salt intake corresponding to the NHANES food groups was calculated in the four hypothetical scenarios of 0 %, 30 %, 60 % and 90 % market share of low-Na foods in the country. The salt reduction rates by using umami substances were estimated based on the previous study results.

Setting:

The USA

Participants:

4139 individuals aged 20 years and older in the USA

Results:

Replacing salt with umami substances could help the US adults reduce salt intake by 7·31–13·53 % (7·50–13·61 % for women and 7·18–13·53 % for men), which is equivalent to 0·61–1·13 g/d (0·54–0·98 g/d for women and 0·69–1·30 g/d for men) without compromising the taste. Approximately, 21·21–26·04 % of the US adults could keep their salt intake below 5 g/d, the WHO’s recommendation in the scenario where there is no low-Na product on the market.

Conclusions:

This study provides essential information that the use of umami substances as a substitute for salt may help reduce the US adults’ salt intake.
Kant on Moral Feeling and Respect
Authors: Kolomý Vojtěch
Published: December 2022

Although in his earlier ethical writings Kant explains the concept of moral feeling, inherited from the British sentimentalists, as a peculiar feeling of respect for the moral law that functions as an incentive for moral actions, the Doctrine of Virtue seems to add complexity to the issue. There, Kant discusses two similar aesthetic predispositions, moral feeling and respect, whose relationship to the feeling of respect is far from clear. This article offers a much needed elucidation of the relationship between these three concepts. In the first part, I show that Kant, in the writings before the Doctrine of Virtue, transforms the British sentimentalists’ construal of moral feeling into that of the feeling of respect as the sole moral incentive. In the second part, I argue that, although in the Doctrine of Virtue Kant distinguishes, for a specific reason, between the aesthetic predisposition of moral feeling and that of respect, they are both ultimately identical to the feeling of respect. The conclusion is that nothing of substance changes between Kant’s earlier thinking and his views in the Doctrine of Virtue; for Kant there is just one feeling that properly deserves the name of moral feeling, the feeling of respect.
Baseline cardiac risk profile determines radiation-induced cardiac toxicity in patients with mid-lower esophageal cancer
Authors: Ghaznavi Hamid , Allaveisi Farzaneh , Taghizadeh-Hesary Farzad
Published: December 2022

Background:

The radiotherapy techniques are evolving. Besides optimal tumour coverage, considering organs at risk (OAR) is pertinent to radiation oncologists. In mid-lower esophageal cancer (MLEC) radiotherapy, heart is the main OAR. Studies on excess absolute risk (EAR) of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in MLEC radiotherapy are limited in the main literature. Therefore, this study was conducted to estimate the EAR of CVD in patients with MLEC treated with the intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) technique.

Results:

Family history of heart disease and smoking increased the EAR of CVD significantly compared to the cholesterol and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. The 10-year EAR of the high-risk group was more than four times of the low-risk group at all ages. In the low-risk group, EAR of CVD after radiotherapy of esophageal cancer can increase by up to 9·1%, while in the high-risk group, EAR increased by 34·89%.

Conclusions:

Adding the baseline CVD risk factors improved the estimation of EAR of heart disease after MLEC radiotherapy with the IMRT technique.
Communicating extraterrestrial intelligence (CETI) interaction models based on the Drake equation
Authors: Smith Reginald D.
Published: December 2022

The Drake equation has proven fertile ground for speculation about the abundance, or lack thereof, of communicating extraterrestrial intelligences (CETIs) for decades. It has been augmented by subsequent authors to include random variables in order to understand its probabilistic behaviour. However, in most cases, the emergence and lifetime of CETIs are assumed to be independent of each other. In this paper, we will derive several expressions that can demonstrate how CETIs may relate to each other in technological age as well as how the dynamics of the concurrent CETI population change under basic models of interaction, such as the Allee effect. By defining interaction as the change in the expected communication lifetime with respect to the density of CETI in a region of space, we can use models and simulation to understand how the CETI density can promote or inhibit the longevity and overall population of interstellar technological civilizations.
Performance analysis of TSA array with elliptical patch
Authors: Kumari Chanchala , Chattoraj Neela
Published: December 2022

A compact microstrip to substrate integrated waveguide transition feed tapered slot antenna array (1 × 4) with the elliptical patch is proposed and analyzed. The new approach is presented, employing a parasitic patch in the flared aperture to generate more radiation in the end-fire direction and improve field coupling between the arms. It boosts gain while maintaining overall size and low-frequency performance without using electrically thin dielectric substrates. To validate the designed approach, the proposed structure is fabricated and measured. The measured results show that the array provides impedance bandwidth of 40%, peak measured gain of 9.14 dBi, and radiation efficiency is 90% over the 8.5–12.5 GHz frequency band. A four-way feed network is also fabricated with the insertion loss of −6 ± 0.9 dB; the reflection coefficient is below −15 dB over the desired frequency range and only ±4° phase imbalance. The overall dimension of antenna array is 50 × 54 × 0.813 mm3 or ~1.6λ × 1.8λ × 0.027λ at 10 GHz.