bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New electrodes for fusion of parts which work in abrasive conditions with moderate shock load
Authors: Bagrov Valeriy
Published: December 2023

Problem. The problem - ensuring high welding and technological properties of the electrodes and the quality of the deposited metal, which allows for multi-layer electric arc welding of parts operating in conditions of abrasive wear with moderate impact load. Goal. The work purpose - creation of electrodes for surfacing parts operating in conditions of abrasive wear with moderate shock loads with improved welding and technological properties of electrodes and improvement of the quality of the surfacing metal, which are provided due to changes in the deoxidation system, alloying, slag and gas protection system weld metal components of the electrode coating. Methodology. Проведено аналіз умов роботи деталей та вузлів при абразивному зношуванні та наплавочних матеріалів для підвищення довговічності цих вузлів. Літературний огляд та патентно-інформаційний пошук дозволив виявити наплавочні матеріали, які працюють в умовах абразивного ударно-абразивного зношування. В результаті цього було запропоновано методику та виробництво наплавочних електродів, які спроможні працювати в умовах ударно-абразивного та абразивного зношування. Results. The results of testing the welding-technological properties and the quality of the deposited metal show that the coating composition of options 2, C and 4 is optimal, which ensures high quality of the deposited metal (absence of cracks, pores, reduction of the width of the layer with increased hardness, reduction of hardness) good welding-technological properties properties of electrodes during welding of parts operating under conditions of abrasive wear with moderate impact load. The electrode coating of options 1 and 5, containing, respectively, a reduced and increased number of claimed components, does not ensure the achievement of the set goal. Thus, the use of the specified components in the coating in a certain combination and certain proportions ensure the achievement of the set goal - high welding and technological properties of the electrode and the quality of the deposited metal, allow you to make a multilayer electric arc for depositing parts that work in conditions of abrasive wear with a moderate shock load. Originality The composition of the electrode coating containing graphite, ferrochrome, and boron carbide, which is distinguished by the fact that it additionally contains marble, fluorspar, silicomanganese, ferrotitanium, soda and mica with the following ratio of coating components, wt. %: marble 6 – 8, fluorspar 4 – 6, graphite 5.5 – 6.5, ferrochrome 58.5 – 70.5, silicomanganese 3 – 5, ferrotitanium 1 – 2, boron carbide 5.5 – 6.5 , soda 0.5 - 1.5, mica 4 - 6. Practical value. The proposed composition ensures high welding-technological properties of the electrode and the quality of the deposited metal, which allows for multi-layer electric arc welding of parts operating under conditions of abrasive wear with moderate impact load.
Noise pollution of the territories adjacent to the automobile road and some means of fighting it
Authors: Dorozhko Yevhen
Published: December 2023

Problem. The article discusses the issues related to environmental pollution by road traffic noise and considers possible solutions to these problems. The article has a review character and applies a systematic approach based on general scientific methodological principles that take into account objects as systems. The objects of study in this article are the noise load from the highway and the means of protection against it.

Several methods of protection against noise pollution of residential areas adjacent to the highway are considered. Goal. The goal is to analyze noise pollution from highways and analyze solutions to reduce this pollution. Methodology. This research is aimed at analyzing measures to reduce the level of noise arising from traffic and create comfortable conditions for residents of settlements located near highways. Results. Environmental sustainability can be taken into account in the design and construction of noise barriers by using, for example, materials with high renewable amendability or materials that can be recycled. With the right choice of materials, design and placement of noise barriers, a significant reduction in environmental noise levels can be achieved and the quality of life of the occupants can be improved. In each case, a sound engineering assessment should be carried out and an individualized plan developed to achieve optimal noise protection results. The overall effectiveness of noise barriers will be determined by a large number of factors, and each project should be analyzed and designed in detail to meet specific needs and conditions. Practical value. These measures help to improve the quality of life and preserve the health of residents by creating comfortable and safe living conditions. The general approach to noise protection in residential areas involves integrated planning, which takes into account the noise characteristics of transport routes and roads, as well as the design of buildings and the internal layout of housing. This helps to create favourable conditions for residents and reduce the negative impact of noise on their physical and psychological health.
Changes in the structure and mechanical proper-ties of the aluminum alloy of the Al–Mg–Sc system as a result of treatment with a complex nanomodifier
Authors: Davydiuk Anzhela , Polizhko Serhiy
Published: December 2023

Problem. On the basis of domestic and foreign research and the analysis of physicochemical properties of elements, the choice of scandium as a microalloying element of high-strength aluminium alloys is substantiated. The main criteria for the ability of scandium and its advantages over transition metals are given. Goal. The purpose of the work is to study the influence of a complex nanomodifier on the change in the structure and mechanical properties of aluminium alloy 1545 of the Al–Mg–Sc system. Methodology. For the first time, the treatment of aluminium melt with a complex nanodisperse modifier of the composition Mg2Si+SiС was proposed. The strength properties of aluminium alloys are significantly influenced by the size of the particles of the strengthening phase. Industrial experiments using dispersed particles of Mg2Si+SiС in a wide range of sizes of 50-100 nm.

Results. The technology of modifying aluminium melt with a complex modifier has been developed. Originality. A homogeneous structure of the modified alloy 1545 with a grain size 2.7 times smaller than the original state was achieved. Practical value. In the work, the grain size was determined and it was established that the grain size of alloy 1545 was 15.6 mm2 before modification, and 5.7 mm2 after modification. As can be seen from the given data, as a result of the modification, the grain structure of alloy 1545 was crushed by 2.7 times. It was established that the maximum values of σ0.2 and σv correspond to the optimal content of the powder composition: 0.10% with a further increase of the modifier, the strength properties decrease, while the increase in the strength properties of the modified alloy is 12...18% compared to the initial state.
Improving the quality of cold-rolled deformable aluminum alloy billets
Authors: Doshchechkina I.
Published: December 2023

A mode of high-speed recrystallization annealing has been developed to increase technological plasticity while maintaining the strength of sheet cold-rolled blanks made of deformable aluminum alloys that are not strengthened by heat treatment. Problem. Cold deformation of cold-rolled plates is achieved by recrystallization annealing in hooded furnaces. However, such annealing often does not provide the technological plasticity for defect-free stamping of products and, as a result, has significant rejects. Hooded furnaces are not suitable for improving the deformation of individual billets. In addition, for products with complex configurations that operate in harsh environments, the requirements for rolled aluminum are increased, which is also not possible to realize in open hearth furnaces. These problems can be solved by high-speed continuous parting heat treatment. Goal. The aim is development of a high-speed recrystallization annealing regime for increasing technological plasticity while maintaining the strength of cold-rolled sheet billets from deformable aluminum alloys. Methodology. The object of the study was thin-sheet (1 mm) billets from cold-rolled aluminum alloys AD1, AMts, AMg3. Strip blanks were subjected to high-speed continuous recrystallization annealing using contact heating. The metal was heated at a rate of 5 ºC/c to temperatures from 250 to 400 ºC with an interval of 50 ºC with a holding time of 5 - 15 min at the heating temperature and cooling in air. The quality of the annealing was judged by the nature of the obtained structure and indicators of mechanical properties. The ability to extract metal in different states was evaluated by the Eriksen method. Result. The least energy-consuming modes of continuous high-speed annealing of workpieces from the studied alloys were developed to obtain increased plasticity indicators (while maintaining strength) and improve cold pressure processing in the manufacture of products of complex configuration. Practical value. High-speed recrystallization annealing provides reduction of defects, saving of metal, improvement of productivity in the production of thin-sheet items by the method of cold deformation with deep and complex drawing.
Study of structure formation and strength indicators of aluminum alloys when modified with dispersed compositions
Authors: Hlushkova Diana , Demchenko Sergey , Kalinina Natalia
Published: December 2023

Promising directions of modification of aluminum alloys are studied in the field of application of powder modifiers. The use of such modifiers facilitates the technological process, is environmentally safe, leads to a uniform distribution of the introduced compositions over the cross-section of the casting, which increases the strength, plastic properties of the alloys and their stability. Purpose. The purpose of the work is to increase the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of aluminum alloys when modified with dispersed compositions. Methodology and materials. To achieve the goal, the tasks were set: to conduct a study of a complex of mechanical properties, necessary technological characteristics, corrosion resistance and structure of alloys before and after modification. Aluminum alloys of the Al-Si, Al–Mg–Sc systems, promising for nuclear power plants, have been proposed. The materials are offered for the production of cast aluminum alloys AL9 and deformed alloys 1571. Results and discussion. The modification of aluminum alloys with a complex nano-dispersion modifier based on the plasma chemical synthesis of Mg2Si and SiC is planned. The crushed grain of modified alloys is achieved by 1.5...2 times, the mechanical strength increases by 12...18% and the corrosion resistance grows too. The results of tests on general corrosion showed that modification with a complex modifier ZrC leads to an increase in the corrosion resistance of alloys due to a decrease in the corrosion rate. The corrosion rate of AL9 alloy in the modified state was reduced from 11.04 10-6 to 9.84 10-6 kg/m2 days, which is 18%. The mechanism of complex nano-disperse modifier in aluminum melt is proposed. Conclusions. The use of such modifiers facilitates the technological process, is environmentally safe, leads to a uniform distribution of introduced nanocomposites, which increases the strength of alloys and their stability. The achieved results showed the effectiveness of modifying aluminum alloys with nano-disperse compositions.
Innovation in Packaging Design and the Relationship between Consumer Attitude towards Upcycled Packaging Product and Purchase Intention
Authors: BARUTÇU Süleyman , GÖKKAYA Hatice
Published: December 2023

The searches for innovation in packaging design have led to the concepts of sustainability and upcycling. The aims of this study are to reveal the importance of innovative upcycling in sustainable packaging design and to determine the consumer intention to purchase products with upcycled packaging. According to survey result of the descriptive research conducted on 392 participants selected by convenience sampling method, it is found that there is a positive relationship between green consumer values, environmental awareness, sustainable packaging awareness, attitude towards sustainable packaging and intention to purchase upcycled packaging products. Moreover, it has also been revealed that when attitude towards sustainable packaging and sustainable packaging awareness are increased, the intention to purchase upcycled packaging products will be also increased. However, it should be considered that price is also important in consumers' purchasing behavior and purchase intentions for upcycled packaging products and ensured that the cost of innovative upcycled packaging designs does not exceed the value provided.
Presentación
Authors: Moreno Agustín
Published: December 2023

Presentación
Investigation into the Role of Forkhead Box A1 (FOXA1) in Late-Onset Preeclampsia of a Prospective Cohort Study and Its Actions on Trophoblast Invasion and Migration
Authors: Zhu Juan , Wei Yunjian , Wang Zhen , Jie Qiuling , Long Ping , Yang Huamei , Ke Hui , Yang Zaijia , Ma Yanlin
Published: December 2023

Background: The primary objective was to investigate how Forkhead Box A1 (FOXA1) contributes to late-onset preeclampsia (LOPE) and its impact on trophoblast invasion and migration. Methods: The prospective cohort study included 15 pregnant women with LOPE (gestational age of ≥34+0 weeks), and 18 normal pregnant women. FOXA1 expression in placental tissues was determined by immunofluorescent and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. FOXA1 mRNA and protein expression in HTR-8/SVneo was determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blot, respectively. Flow cytometry was utilized to analyze cell apoptosis/cycle of HTR-8/SVneo cells. Additionally, the Transwell/wound healing assays were employed to assess invasion/migration of HTR-8/SVneo cells. Student’s t-test was employed to compare measurement data of normal distribution between two groups. Results: In placental tissues of women with LOPE, FOXA1 exhibited downregulation when compared to the normal controls. No significant differences were observed in pregnancy duration, maternal age, delivery times, or 1- and 5-minute Apgar scores between the two groups. However, the LOPE group had a significantly shorter gestational week at delivery, higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure, the presence of 24-hour proteinuria, lower neonatal birth weight, and lower placental weight. FOXA1 overexpression altered the cell cycle of trophoblasts, increasing the population in the S phase and decreasing it in the G2/M phase, with no effect on the G0/G1 phase. It did not affect trophoblast apoptosis. Furthermore, FOXA1 overexpression enhanced trophoblast invasive ability and migration. However, FOXA1 overexpression did not affect the mRNA expression levels of N-cadherin, vimentin, and fibronectin in trophoblast cells. Conclusions: In summary, our findings indicate that FOXA1 was underexpressed in the placental tissues of women with LOPE. Furthermore, the overexpression of FOXA1 led to significant changes in the trophoblast cell cycle and substantially enhanced trophoblast invasion and migration capabilities.
Effects of Purine Metabolism-Related LINC01671 on Tumor Heterogeneity in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Yin Wei , Wang Jin-Hua , Liang Yu-Mei , Liu Kang-Han , Chen Ying , Chen Yu-Sa
Published: December 2023

Background: Renal cell carcinoma has several subtypes, with kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) being the most common and heterogeneous. Purine metabolism is associated with cancer progression. However, the role of purine metabolism-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in KIRC remains unknown. Methods: KIRC were grouped into Cluster-1 and Cluster-2 based on purine genes. Limma package was used to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs between two classes of purine genes. Single-factor screening was used followed by random forest dimensionality reduction and Lasso method to screen lncRNAs. A risk score model (Purine Score) containing the 3 lncRNAs was developed using the Lasso method. Results: A total of 22 differentially expressed lncRNAs were identified. These were reduced to a final set of three (LINC01671, ARAP1-AS1 and LINC02747). Age and metastasis (M) were identified as independent prognostic factors for KIRC using univariate and multivariate Cox analysis. An abnormal immune cell response was also associated with patient survival. The Purine Score correlated with abnormal expression of immune checkpoint genes. Genetic analysis of KIRC found somatic mutations in TP53, TRIOBP, PBRM1, PKHD1, VHL, NPHP3, TLN2, CABIN1, ABCC6, XIRP2, and CHD4. In vitro cell experiments showed that knockdown of LINC01671 promoted the proliferation and migration of 786-O cells, while inhibiting apoptosis. Overexpression of LINC01671 inhibited the proliferation and migration of CAKI-1 cells, while promoting apoptosis. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) analysis revealed that LINC01671 was significantly enriched in the MAPK, NF-kappa B, mTOR, PI3K-Akt, and Wnt signaling pathways. Conclusions: LINC01671 may be a novel prognostic marker with important therapeutic value for KIRC.
Inflammation and Late-Life Depression: Unraveling the Complex Relationship and Potential Therapeutic Strategies
Authors: Xia Jian , Chen Meiling , Shao Heng , Chen Hui , Zhu Shasha , Zhao Minjun , Luo Wenting , Yang Jingjing , Wu Shaoyuan
Published: December 2023

The origins of late-life depression are multifaceted and remain challenging to fully understand. While the traditional monoamine neurotransmitter hypothesis provides some insights, it falls short in explaining the disease’s onset and progression, leaving treatments often less than optimal. There is an emergent need to uncover new underlying mechanisms. Among these, the “inflammation hypothesis” has been gaining traction in scientific discussions regarding late-life depression. There is compelling evidence linking inflammation processes to the emergence of this form of depression. This review delves into the nuanced relationship between inflammation and late-life depression, emphasizing the pivotal role and implications of inflammation in its pathogenesis. Changes in Ca2+ homeostasis, cytokine levels, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), white cell ratios, and the involvement of the NOD-, LRR-, and Pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome have all been suggested as potential biomarkers that tie inflammation to late-life depression. Furthermore, factors such as aging-induced DNA damage, oxidative stress, mitochondrial impairments, disruptions in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, activated microglia and associated neuroinflammation, as well as the gut-brain axis dynamics, could serve as bridges between inflammation and depression. Deepening our understanding of these connections could usher in innovative anti-inflammatory treatments and strategies for late- life depression.
Stem Cell Therapy for Liver Diseases: Current Perspectives
Authors: Wang Jing , Li Qun , Li Wenbo , Méndez-Sánchez Nahum , Liu Xiaofeng , Qi Xingshun
Published: December 2023

Stem cell therapy offers a promising avenue for advanced liver disease cases as an alternative to liver transplantation. Clinical studies are underway to explore the potential of stem cells from various sources in treating different liver diseases. However, due to the variability among current studies, further validation is needed to ensure the safety and effectiveness of stem cell therapy. To establish a strong foundation for optimal stem cell therapy applications, selection of suitable stem cell sources, standardization of transplantation protocols, and patient criteria are vital. This review comprehensively examines existing literature on stem cell sources, transplantation methods, and patient selection. Additionally, we discuss novel strategies, including stem cell preconditioning, cell-free therapy, genetic modification of stem cells, and the use of liver organoids, addressing the limitations of current stem cell therapies. Nevertheless, these innovative approaches require further validation.
Biological Immune Mechanism of Retina
Authors: Zhu Xingyu , Hong Jiaxu , Zhou Xujiao
Published: December 2023

The blood-retinal barrier (BRB) is a well-recognized mechanism that underlies the retina’s immunological privilege. The BRB is formed locally by inhibitory molecules that bind to cell membranes, as well as by the suppression of systemic immune responses. Recent studies have revealed that microglial cells are essential for maintaining immunological privilege within the retina by regulating the immune response. They achieve this by enhancing or reducing ocular inflammation. Furthermore, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) regulates the behavior of immune cells within the retina, which can lead microglial cells to reduce inflammation and promote immunological tolerance. With the aim of better understanding the biology of immunological processes within the retina, this article reviews the BRB and discusses the factors, systemic immune responses, microglia, RPE, and their associated enzymes that enable the BRB.
Questioning Shariah bank loyalty: Do the roles of service quality and perceived fairness vary for the Bugis-Makassar ethnic?
Authors: Basalamah M. Ridwan , Mawardi Moh. Cholid
Published: December 2023

Bugis-Makassar ethnic group is known for its loyalty. There is a famous proverb, polo pang polo panni, which means the readiness of individuals to sacrifice anything to obey and be loyal to the commitments made even if they have to break their thighs and wings. Unfortunately, limited studies are exploring the antecedents of loyalty by using cultural and gender differences perspectives. This is surprising because if gender and ethnic background are genuinely exclusive, they would need a different selling, marketing, and loyalty strategy. This study aimed to fill the gap by empirically exploring the dimensions of service quality and perceived fairness on loyalty in the Sharia Bank of Indonesia. Through a questionnaire survey, 576 Bugis-Makassar were studied for this work. The questionnaire was employed based on the previous studies to establish the content validity of the study. Regression analysis is conducted to test the hypothesis. Our study shows that while service quality was found to be a significant predictor of loyalty in the Shariah bank, perceived fairness failed to affect loyalty. Despite their strong belief in Bugis-Makassar culture and philosophy, they tend to be more realistic when making buying decisions.
تاريخ المكتبات في بلاد الرافدين، (مكتبة شمشارة إنموذجأ)
Authors: أ.د. عماد عبد القادر محمد سعيد  , أ.م.د. ريبر جعفر أحمد مايى
Published: December 2023

المكتبات ليست حصرا على عالمنا الحديث، بل موجودة منذ القدم، حيث تفاخرت الحضارات بمكتباتها التي جمعت لفائف العلوم في ذلك العصر، تدمر بعضها بسبب هجوم غاشم من دولة أخرى وبعضها أهمل وسرقت محتوياته، ولكن هذا كله دليل على أهمية المكتبات والمعرفة.
تُعرَّف المكتبة بأنّها مكان مخصص لحفظ الكتب والمؤلفات على اختلافها، وتنقسم المكتبات إلى نوعين هما المكتبات الخاصة وتعني مجموعة الكتب التي يملكها شخص من الأشخاص كالخزانة التيمورية التي تم نقلها إلى دار الكتب في القاهرة مثلاً، والمكتبات العامة التي تشير إلى الأماكن التي تملكها الدولة لغاية جمع عدد كبير من الكتب المخصصة لينتفع بها القرّاء والباحثون في قاعات مجهزة ومخصصة للقراءة والبحث، فيما تتنوّع الكتب والمؤلفات في المكتبات لتتناول أنواع شتى من العلوم والمعارف المكتوبة بلغات عدّة، فيُرى فيها كتب الطب والجغرافيا والأدب والتاريخ والعلوم والفلك والتراجم واللغات والفنون وغيرها من علوم تلبي رغبات الأفراد وأذواقهم على اختلافها.
إنَّ حصر دور المكتبة في توفير موارد المعارف والعلوم للباحثين عنها يُعدُّ حصراً لها في مفهوم ضيق، فالمكتبة تُعدُّ مصدراً مهماً من مصادر تشكيل ثقافة المجتمع فيما تقدّمه للأفراد من فرص للتواصل وتعلم مهارات اكتساب المعرفة، وتحدٍ للفرضيات، وبحثٍ عن الحقائق، وتبادل لوجهات النظر، فالمكتبة تتيح للفرد فرصة للتعلم الذاتي الذي يخلق منه فرداً مبدعاً ومطلعاً على قضايا مجتمعه ومحيطه، وهو الأمر الذي ينتج عنه ثقافة راقية وخاصة تميّز كل مجتمع عن المجتمعات الأخرى، بالإضافة إلى دور المكتبات في حفظ الإرث الثقافي الخاص بكل مجتمع، فالإرث الثقافي يشكّل عنصراً أساسياً من عناصر الثقافة التي لا تقوم إلّا بها، فقد عُرّفت الثقافة بأنها ذلك الكل المركب الذي يتضمن المعارف والعقائد والفنون والأخلاق والقوانين والعادات وأي قدرات يكتسبها الإنسان نتيجة لوجوده في مجتمع ما، وهي الأمور التي تسعى المكتبات لحفظها واختزالها عبر العصور، مما يخلُص بنا لاستنتاجٍ مفاده أنّ تطور المكتبات يعدُّ مؤشراً حقيقياً يُقاس به تطوّر الدول، ومكتبة شمشارة من اهم العلامات الحضارية الخاصة بحضارة العراق القديم، اذ تقدم تلك العلامة كمصباح يلقي الضوء الى حضارة بلاد الرافدين العظيمة
Переваги розсадного способу вирощування в лікарському рослинництві
Authors: Семенко М. В. , Поспєлов С. В.
Published: December 2023

Вирощування лікарських та ефіроолійних культур є об’єктом підвищеного інтересу для виробників різної форм власності. Важливі проблеми – дефіцит насіння та хімічний поліморфізм одержуваної сировини. Промислове вирощування передбачає наявність на ринку якісного насіння та налагоджене насінництво, але часто виробники об’єднують різні партії або використовують не сортове насіння із низькими посівними якостями. Це може значно ускладнити процес вирощування і мати негативний вплив на якість та стабільність урожайності і якості продукції. Мета статті ‒ аналіз агротехнічних, фітоценотичних, фітохімічних переваг впровадження розсадних технологій в лікарському рослинництві, зважаючи на досвід інших галузей рослинництва. Цей підхід дозволяє контролювати зростання рослин із самого початку, забезпечуючи їхню максимальну якість та стабільність. У статті проведено докладний аналіз та систематизацію інформації щодо використання розсадної технології при вирощування різних культур. Важливим елементом є використання сучасних регуляторів росту і мікродобрив, що дає змогу підвищити якість розсади, її розвиток та приживання. Це спрощує механізацію процесів посіву та посадки рослин, знижуючи витрати на ці операції і збільшуючи точність. До того ж він дає змогу максимально якісно підготувати ділянку для висадки і зменшити витрати на контроль бур’янів завдяки більшому інтервалу між посадкою розсади. Не менш важливою є можливість плантаційного вирощування для рослин, розмножених як генеративно, так і вегетативно. Цей спосіб вирощування забезпечує однорідність сировини, надаючи стабільний біохімічний профіль культур. У підсумку широке впровадження розсадного методу може стати оптимальним рішенням для розв’язання проблеми нестачі насіння, спростить процес висадки і догляду за молодими рослинами і дозволить отримувати сировину зі стабільним біохімічним складом. Це важливий крок у забезпеченні стабільності та якості продукції лікарських та ефіроолійних культур у сільському господарстві.
Захист яблуневих насаджень від основних шкідників
Authors: Туренко В. П.
Published: December 2023

Яблуня є основною плодовою культурою в Україні та світі. Незважаючи на удосконалення технологій виробництва, вплив шкідливих організмів на врожай є досить суттєвим. Метою роботи було проаналізувати сучасний стан захисту садів від шкідників та окреслити перспективи використання інсектицидів у майбутньому. Під час проведення досліджень використовували загальноприйняті методи: теоретичні та емпіричні. У статті наведено класифікацію систем захисту промислових яблуневих насаджень від шкідливих організмів, що впроваджуються в Україні та світі. Їх умовно поділено на: традиційну, удосконалену, інтегровану та органічну. Встановлено, що в господарствах Харківської та Сумської областей домінує традиційний захист рослин із інтенсивним застосуванням пестицидів. У роботі наведено динаміку площ під яблуневими насадженнями та внесення пестицидів протягом 2018–2022 рр. Зафіксовано зменшення як площ яблуневих садів, так і об’ємів використання пестицидів, що було пов’язано з пандемією ковіду-19 та війною. Проведено аналіз ринку інсектицидів, дозволених до використання в Україні у яблуневих садах. Проаналізовано 84 хімічні продукти проти фітофагів, з них майже третину становили комбіновані препарати, піретроїди та неонікотиноїди – по 16,7 %, є перспективні діючі речовини нових хімічних класів. Представлений асортимент інсектицидів при правильному чергуванні під час захисту плодових насаджень дає змогу уникати резистентності у шкідників. Встановлено видовий склад господарсько значущих шкідників у регіоні досліджень. Він включає три види: Anthonomus pomorum L., Aphis pomi De Geer, Cydia pomonella L. Встановлено, що яблуневий квіткоїд за умови інтенсивного з астосування інсектицидів в осередках заселяв до 3,5 % бутонів. Зелена яблунева попелиця траплялася протягом усього сезону по краях кварталів через постійну міграцію з присадибних ділянок. Виявлено кореляцію (r = -0,97) між кількістю обробок інсектицидами та пошкодженням яблук плодожеркою. Заселеність плодів цим шкідником не перевищувала 8,2 %. Отже, хімічний захист рослин є ефективним проти шкідників, але паралельно має негативний вплив на екологію, біорізноманіття агроценозів та здоров’я людини, що вимагає подальшого дослідження та удосконалення систем захисту плодових насаджень на прикладі органічного виробництва.
Оцінка вмісту нітратів у картоплі
Authors: Михайлютенко С. М. , Євстаф’єва В. О. , Мельничук В. В. , Кузьменко Л. М.
Published: December 2023

Останнім часом екологи, лікарі гуманної та ветеринарної медицини виокремлюють тему безпечності харчових продуктів. Впродовж останнього десятиріччя значну увагу приділено питанню «здорова тарілка». З появою сезонних овочів актуальним стає такий показник, як вміст нітратів. Найбільша їх кількість накопичується саме у рослинних харчових продуктах, тому останні є основним джерелом надходження нітратів в організм людини. Метою роботи було визначення вмісту нітратів у картоплі, а також порівняльна характеристика результатів з гранично допустимими концентраціями (ГДК). Вивчення показника безпечності овоча проводили на базі лабораторії ветеринарно-санітарної експертизи факультету ветеринарної медицини Полтавського державного аграрного університету шляхом порівняльної оцінки відібраних нами зразків. Допустимі концентрації нітратів в овочах і фруктах зазначені у Державних гігієнічних правилах і нормах «Регламент максимальних рівнів окремих забруднюючих речовин у харчових продуктах», затверджених наказом МОЗ України від 13.05.2013 р., № 368. Для проведення дослідження відібрали зразки картоплі (Solanum tuberosum L.), яка вирощена у Полтавському районі. На початку липня 2022 року придбали овочі на одному зі стихійних ринків та безпосередньо на ринку м. Полтава. Експериментально зафіксовали вміст нітрат-іонів у картоплі та встановили її придатність для споживання за даним показником. Кількісне визначення NO3– у даному овочі здійснювали за допомогою побутового нітратоміру Anmez Greentest. Обробку експериментальних даних проводили стандартними методами математичної статистики та порівнювали їх із ГДК. Концентрація нітрат-йонів (мг/кг) у досліджуваних зразках коливалась від 100 до 3600. Середній показник NO3– у картоплі, придбаній на ринку м. Полтава, був у межах норми (168,6 мг/кг). У результаті проведених досліджень встановлено перевищений вміст нітратів у картоплі, придбаній на стихійному ринку. Прилад зафіксував відхилення у двох зразках бульби (340 та 3600 мг/кг). Перевищення ГДК можна пояснити необґрунтованим внесенням мінеральних добрив в умовах господарств різної форми власності.
THE ROLE OF WOMEN IN THE SOCIAL AND POLITICAL LIFE OF THE NEW UZBEKISTAN
Authors: viaScience
Published: December 2023

In the article, the development of any state and society takes place on the basis of a number of factors. The role of women, their political and legal culture is of particular importance in the chain of development of Uzbekistan as a state and society, which has a worthy place among the countries of the world and in the international community. This situation can be seen in the increasing number and importance of women working in the decisive spheres of political, social and economic life of many countries..
Leadership in Organizational Setting
Authors: Anggita Nadia
Published: December 2023

Kepemimpinan: Memiliki peran untuk mempengaruhi, memotivasi, dan memungkinkan orang lain untuk berkontribusi terhadap efektifitas dan keberhasilan organisasi dimana mereka menjadi anggota.
Management Control Syst: Strategic Planning
Authors: Rizdkia Mutiara
Published: December 2023

Catatan terkait dengan subjek Sistem Pengendalian Manajemen (Management Control System) mengenai Strategic Planning
Development of Explorative Mathlets for Trigonometry Study Materials Based on Adobe Flash CS6 for Grade-X Students at MA Madani Pao-Pao
Authors: Riswandi Akmal , Irawan Muhammad Aprizal , Wekke Ismail Suardi
Published: December 2023

The research was a kind of Research and Development, aiming to develop valid, practical, and effective Explorative Mathlets learning media. The Alessi and Trolip development model was used as in usually employed in technology-based development. This model consists of three stages: first, the planning stage which includes development in achieving the goals and directions of the project development; secondly, the designing stage which includes the creation of initial content and the arrangement of the project direction, and; thirdly, the development stage which includes the creation or implementation of the design stage, alpha testing by media experts and material experts, revisions, beta tests, and ends in field trials. The subjects of this research trial were students of grade X of MA Madani Pao-Pao
Detecting the Internal Information of Biology
Authors: Lee Alex
Published: December 2023

There are information in the biology field, these information consist the function of biology issue, also, the history information stored in the biology issue. Author found out a method to Detecting the Internal Information of Biology(DIIB). Utilizing this method, author have found out the etiology and the cure method of Myopia, Cold, COVID-19 and Depression.The verification of these four etiologies and cure methods would verify the DIIB is effective in these four samples.Continuing utilizing the DIIB to found out etiology and cure method of more illness like cancer are worthiness.
Safeguarding Cognitive Well-being in an AI-Augmented World: A Socio-Technical Systems Perspective on Neuroethics, Technostress, and Risk Management
Authors: Kereopa-Yorke Benjamin
Published: December 2023

This paper undertakes a comprehensive examination of artificial intelligence (AI) integration in the workplace, adopting a multidisciplinary perspective spanning technology, commerce, psychology and ethics. It grapples with the opportunities AI presents for augmenting productivity as well as emergent risks like erosion of creativity, blind obedience to algorithms and widening disparities.The study is structured around key themes that underscore AI's multifaceted impact: (1) The transformative effect of AI on workplace dynamics, workflows and decision-making processes; (2) The critical role of cognitive ergonomics in designing AI tools that align with rather than overburden human cognitive capabilities; (3) Insights from neuroscience revealing how human cognition adapts to AI collaboration; (4) Potential biases and transparency issues with enterprise AI systems that necessitate ethical oversight.Additionally, the research delves into the altered cyber risk landscape with AI integration, highlighting new attack vectors targeting employee behaviour and AI itself. It emphasises cybersecurity strategies focused on resilience.The paper advocates for a balanced approach when embedding AI in workplaces, one that harnesses technological capabilities but also actively fosters human skills, psychological wellness and ethical assurance. This requires evolving supportive organisational cultures and leadership approaches that consciously guide AI adoption to augment rather than displace human potential. The research aims to provide multidimensional, multidisciplinary perspectives guiding policymakers and executives towards responsible AI assimilation improving productivity without compromising ethics or human welfare.
Validity of Large Language Models for Sentiment Analysis: Evidence of performance comparable to human coders
Authors: Elsey James
Published: December 2023

Assessing the sentiment of content is a major focus of communication science. Previous research has compared the performance of ‘gold-standard’ methods – exemplified by trained human coders – with approaches such as crowd-sourcing, data dictionaries, and machine learning. Aggregated crowd-sourced assessments and trained human coders perform best, but trained coders may not be scalable and crowd-sourcing may raise financial, ethical, and practical issues. Large Language Models (LLMs) – artificial intelligence systems trained on vast datasets to process and generate human-like text – may combine the in-depth understanding of human coders with the speed and scalability of automated methods. We used the gold-standard sentiment coding for a corpus of Dutch economic news headlines from previous research. We found that two commercially available LLMs, Anthropic’s Claude 2 and OpenAI’s ChatGPT-4, could perform at levels approaching or matching single trained coders and crowdsourced ratings, and reliably exceeded previously reported machine learning and automated approaches. Using variation in prompts (‘prompt engineering’), we show that prompt details can affect performance, but even with minimal instruction the performance of Claude 2 approached human-level. LLMs are promising tools for scalable and high-quality sentiment analysis. Future research can consider their applications on long-form text and images.
Bridging the citizenship law implementation gap: a typology for comparative analysis
Authors: van der Baaren Luuk
Published: December 2023

While major advances have been made over the past years in comparing citizenship laws globally, most measures remain restricted to the law-on-the-books. Knowledge about the implementation of these laws remains limited. This poses the question to what extent these measures correspond with the law as experienced by targeted populations. In order to overcome the implementation gap when comparing and measuring citizenship law globally, this paper addresses the question of how to gain a coherent understanding of implementation. Developing a comprehensive typology, the paper distinguishes three crucial elements of implementation: 1) the entry into force of legal provisions (capturing the applicable state of citizenship law), 2) the interpretation of law (the specific interpretation of legal provisions used by the authorities responsible for their execution), and 3) the application of law (executing legal provisions in practice by the authorities). Subsequently, the paper illustrates how this typology can be applied to the analysis of citizenship law implementation by a case study of dual citizenship acceptance, focusing on the renunciation requirement for naturalisation and dual citizenship treaties. The paper concludes by outlining directions for a comparative research agenda that better corresponds with the lived experience of citizenship laws.
Suicide Death and Post-suicide Cultural Practices in Southwest Nigeria: Implications for Suicide Reporting
Authors: ABORISADE Richard Abayomi , BAWALLA Oluwatoyin Gbenga , OYAFUNKE-OMONIYI Comfort Oyinlola , AKINDELE-OSCAR Yomi , ADELEKE Oladele Adelere , OLAYINKA-ALIU Damilola Adepeju , ADENUGA Ademolu Oluwaseun , ADEYEMO Sunday Oladotun
Published: December 2023

Indeed, the underreporting of suicides and misclassification of causes of death has been acknowledged as a serious global concern among scholars and policymakers, especially in low and middle-income countries (LMIC). While studies have identified the criminal status of suicide as a factor responsible for the low reporting of suicide cases in Nigeria, religious and sociocultural underpinnings of suicide reporting have been ignored. This study, therefore, explores the social interpretations and cultural practices involved in handling suicide cases in 30 selected communities in southwest Nigeria. This is to unravel how these practices impact suicide reporting in the selected region. Purposive sampling was used to reach out to 90 traditional rulers, religious priests, and opinion leaders in the selected communities. The narratives of the study participants revealed that suicide is socially perceived as an abominable way to die, a revolt against one’s destiny, and a protest against the gods. Communities are in awe of the spiritual import of suicide deaths, which often informs the harsh treatment of bodies of suicide victims and secondary victimization of bereaved families, with implications for suicide reporting. The study suggests aligning cultural practices with the formal methods of handling suicide.
Study on Cultivation of Wheat by Temperature Control with Adequate Irrigation in the Fields of South India
Authors: P.S. Jwala Priyadarshini
Published: December 2023

This investigation was conducted during the Zaid season of 2023 to evaluate the performance of four wheat variants was conducted in the agricultural plots of Nindra Mandal, Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, India. (13.3831°N 79.6963°E). The experimental plots were laid out in open farming design with adjacent block design with for variants of wheat: Chhoti Lerma, Kalyan sona, Sharbati Sonora and Sonalika with control being GW173. Growth and yield were found to be good in open farming comprising the nutrient rich red soil with pH 5.6. Growth parameters viz. plant height, diameter and crown width were observed. Grain yield attributes like wheat germination count, leaf area index and plant height were found higher in Kalyan sona. Harvest Index and Nutrients in each variety have been recorded in which the grains of Kalyan sona and Sonalika showed to be compatible to be cultivated in summer.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 11(4): 181-185.
A Comprehensive Value Chain Analysis of Mango Production and Distribution in Saptari District, Nepal
Authors: Teyung Puja , Luitel Gaurab
Published: December 2023

Mango is an important fruit crop grown widely in the Saptari district of Nepal. A study was conducted in March and June 2022 under PMAMP-PIU (Prime Minister Agriculture Modernization Project-Project Implementation Unit), Saptari (PMAMP-PIU, 2074/75) to analyze the value chain of Mango in Saptari, which explored the functional and economic linkage among the actors. A total of 60 producers, 10 traders, 5 retailers and 2 key informants were interviewed. Data regarding production, post-harvest handling and marketing were analyzed by using descriptive and analytical methods with SPSS (version 26) and MS Excel 2021. Qualitative and quantitative analysis was undertaken in this study to generate insights into the limitations and opportunities of the mango value chain which can be used to establish the critical control points. The study identified key actors of Mango VC as input suppliers, producers, contract farmers, village-level collectors, wholesalers, retailers and consumers. Likewise, 4 marketing channels were identified in the study area. Economic analysis shows the cost of production per hectare was $1,453.71. Benefit cost analysis showed mango sub-sector is profitable business with BC ratio of 2.02. The average return was $2942.88/ha. The producers’ share was 55.28% in the proximal market and 32.25% in the distant market. Infestation of disease, insect and pest and lack of processing and post-harvest technology was major production problem.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 11(4): 197-208.
Mind, Language and Thinking in Samuel Beckett's Waiting for Godot
Authors: Singh Raj Kishor
Published: December 2023

This paper claims that mind, language and thinking have triangular relationship. It raises an issue whether language is necessary in the process of thinking. It is very debatable issue whether language and thinking are interdependent or independent elements. Role of the mind must be significant in the process of thinking. Language is a tool for thinking. This triangular issue of mind, language and thinking has been brought into the scene when Lucky, in Samuel Beckett’s play Waiting for Godot, is sitting and thinking.  Lucky’s thinking inspires us to explore the triangular issue. After analysis of the data and the language used in thinking by Lucky, it is discovered that mind is a catalyst and language and thoughts are substances in the mind. Benjamin Lee Whorf's hypothesis states that the influence of language on thinking is obligatory. Oscar Wilde remarks that language is the parent, and not the child, of thought. Bertrand Russell claims the role of language is to make possible thoughts which cannot exist without it but processing is in the mind as inner or mental speech. Language influences our thinking and, thereby, our thoughts.
Cultural Tourism in the Tourism Industry in Patan Area, Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Rohit Kumar
Published: December 2023

The objectives of the study are to determine the benefit of cultural tourism for local people around Patan Darbar Square and assess the association between external tourist arrival for cultural tourism and income earning of Patan Darbar Square. This study was also based on both primary and secondary data The study used a descriptive research design and a case study method. This study adopted a qualitative method for the first objective of the study and a quantitative method for the second objective. Interviews were used for primary data. Interviews were conducted with culturalists, employees of Lalitpur Metropolitan City, and social workers within Patan Darbar Square in Nepal. Judgmental sampling techniques were adopted to collect primary data. Secondary data was collected from Lalitpur Metropolitan City of Lalitpur district. The simple correlation was used for quantitative data analysis whereas thematic analysis was used for qualitative data. According to the interview of research participants, cultural tourism provides benefits for local people around Patan Darbar Square in varied ways. There is a low positive correlation between external tourist arrival for cultural tourism and the income earning of Patan Darbar Square in Nepal. Practical implication of this study is that the metropolitan city should preserve and mobilize several tangible and intangible cultural heritages to earn much more foreign exchange.