bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nerve regeneration by interferon intervention in aging brain
Authors: Wang Fanwen , Pei Duanqing
Published: March 2023

Neural stem cells (NSCs) are shielded from viral infection by interferon (IFN) defense. As individuals age, activation of NSC decreases with a significant decline of stemness marker Sex‐determining region Y box 2 (Sox2) while IFN signaling enhances (Kalamakis et al, 2019). Given that low‐level type‐I IFN under normal physiological conditions can promote dormant hematopoietic stem cell differentiation (Baldridge et al, 2010), whether there is an inner connection between IFN signaling and NSC function remains elusive. In this issue of EMBO Molecular Medicine, Carvajal Ibanez et al (2023) reveal that IFN‐β, a type‐I interferon, induces cell‐type‐specific interferon‐stimulated genes (ISGs) and regulates global protein synthesis by orchestrating mTOR1 activity and stem cell cycle that retain NSCs at the G0 phase and repress Sox2 expression. As a consequence, NSCs exit the activation state and become inclined to differentiation.
Evaluation of the antifungal activity of treated Acacia saligna wood with paraloid B-72/TiO2 nanocomposites against the growth of Alternaria tenuissima, Trichoderma harzianum, and Fusarium culmorum
Authors: Salem Mohamed Z. M. , Mansour Maisa M. A. , Mohamed Wael S. , Ali Hayssam M. , Hatamleh Ashraf A.
Published: March 2023

Acacia saligna wood was impregnated with 5% and 10% concentrations of Paraloid B-72/TiO2 nanocomposites using a soaking technique and evaluated for their antifungal activity against the growth of three molds in vitro, namely, Alternaria tenuissima, Trichoderma harzianum, and Fusarium culmorum. The Titanium (Ti) element peak of 0.14% and 0.23%, was found in the A. saligna wood treated with Paraloid B-72/TiO2 nanocomposites at 5% and 10%, respectively. Consolidant polymer Paraloid B-72 mixed with TiO2 nanocomposites at 5% and 10% showed antifungal activity against the three studied molds, while the linear growth of the studied molds reached the maximum in the control and Paraloid B-72 treatments. The results concluded that using synthesized Paraloid B-72/TiO2 nanocomposite could be considered as a new agent in the wood preservation field by prevention of mold fungal growth over the wood surfaces.
Screw and nail withdrawal strength and water soak properties of wet-formed cellulose nanofibrils bonded particleboard
Authors: Leng Weiqi , Hunt John F. , Tajvidi Mehdi
Published: March 2023

Wet-formed particleboard panels were made using cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) as the bonding material. The effects of panel density, CNF addition ratio, particle size, and pressing method on the nail and face screw withdrawal strength, water absorption (WA), and thickness swelling (TS) were investigated. The nail and face screw withdrawal strength increased with an increased panel density and CNF addition ratio. Mixed-size particles were favorable for better face screw withdrawal strength. The WA decreased while TS increased with increased panel density. The WA decreased with increased CNF addition ratio. The effect of CNF addition ratio on the TS was influenced by an interaction effect of the particle size, density, and pressing method. Smaller wood particles and the constant thickness (CT) pressing method were better for both WA and TS performance. All of the high- and medium-density panels failed to satisfy the standard requirements for face screw withdrawal strength. For low-density panels, those manufactured with mixed-sized particles all satisfied the standard requirements; those manufactured with large particles required at least 15% CNF to meet the standard, and those manufactured with small particles required at least 20% CNF to achieve the standard requirements. None of the panels met the standard TS requirement (< 8%).
Effects of pectinase treatment on pulping properties and the morphology and structure of bagasse fiber
Authors: Liu Xiuyu , Jiang Yan , Yang Shuang , Meng Xuemei , Song Xueping , Wu Min
Published: March 2023

Bagasse was pretreated by pectinase, and both the control and pretreated bagasse were subjected to soda-anthraquinone (AQ) pulping. There were significant improvements in pulp properties after pectinase treatment, such as relative increases of brightness (5.5%), breaking length (17.1%), burst factor (16.5%), and tear factor (7.0%). The samples were analyzed by a fiber analyzer, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The pectinase treatment changed the material properties, which would improve the efficiency of subsequent pulping, such as increasing the fiber length (20.0%), lowering the fines length (10.6%), and increasing the percentage of flexible fiber. Pectinase treatment removed some non-cellulose components; in particular, the pectin and alcohol-benzene extractives were decreased by 19.4% and 37.3% after enzymatic treatment. The hemicellulose and lignin were decreased by 5.5% and 1.9%, respectively. A bulkier and more collapsed fiber surface was observed in the treated fibers, which suggested greater pore volume and more accessible surface area. Treatment caused a slight incline by 4.8% in the crystallinity index. Some chemical structures in pectin, hemicellulose, and lignin were partly broken, showing the effect of pectinase treatment on the degradation of non-cellulose components. Pectinase treatment prior to pulping is therefore recommended, given its efficiency and eco-friendly nature.
Cluster analysis used as the strategic advantage of human resource management in small and medium-sized enterprises in the wood-processing industry
Authors: Hitka Miloš , Lorincová Silvia , Ližbetinová Lenka , Bartáková Gabriela Pajtinková , Merková Martina
Published: March 2023

This paper presents the possibility of creating motivational programs for employees working in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The applicability of the proposed option is verified and presented to a medium-sized enterprise operating in the wood-processing industry in Slovakia. Using cluster analysis, three motivational-oriented groups were defined in the category of managers and three similar motivational-oriented groups in the category of workers. Subsequently, the sampling units were tested by the Tukey’s honest significant difference (HSD) test. In this way, the significance of the differences in arithmetic mean and the standard deviation of the individual motivational factors of the monitored sets at the significance level α = 0.05 were defined. The result of the analysis is a plan to create a group motivational program. The content of this program is a common motivational factor for groups, supplemented by employee-specific factors. Currently, businesses apply unified motivational programs based on two, three, or four main motivators. However, improperly designed and applied motivational programs have a negative impact on employees and do not motivate them to maximize performance. By implementing this method in wood-processing SMEs, the company’s performance can be increased, as the needs of most employees would be met.
Non-invasive ventilation in the treatment of acute respiratory failure with COVID-19
Authors: Nasibova E M , Pashaev C N
Published: March 2023

Decades have passed since the first reports of the successful use of mask non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in the treatment of respiratory failure. The aim of the study is determining the benefits of NIV in acute respiratory failure in patients with COVID-19. The study included patients admitted to the intensive care unit of the surgical clinic of the AMU from April 1 to May 1, 2020. NIV has visible advantages over mechanical ventilation. But it must be remembered that even in experienced hands, NIV is successful only in 75–90% of all cases, which depends on many factors, such as the severity of ONE, the training and experience of medical personnel. As with many types of therapy, operations, and technologies, improvement in the results of this method can be expected as experience is gained.
Дослідження зміни концентрації напружень у просторовій пластині з в’язкопружного трансверсально ізотропного матеріалу
Authors: Селіванов М.Ф. , Фернаті П.В.
Published: March 2023

Розв’язано просторову задачу лінійної в’язкопружності для трансверсально ізотропного елемента конструкції (просторова пластина з круглим отвором). Використано конститутивні співвідношення в інтегральній формі Больцмана–Вольтерра. Інтеграли в конститутивних рівняннях перетворено до інкрементної форми на часовій сітці. На кожному часовому інтервалі задача розв’язується відносно приростів переміщень. Функції релаксації модулів в’язкопружного трансверсально ізотропного матеріалу описано в експоненціальній формі. Для цих модулів за допомогою принципу пружно-в’язкопружної аналогії побудовано аналітичні вирази для конститутивної матриці методу скінченних елементів. Проілюстровано зміни напружень в площині пластини та поперечних напружень з часом на лінії концентрації. Числові приклади побудовано для середини відрізка концентрації напружень та її кінців.
Terminological front: «ruskiy mir» («russian world/peace») in religious and confessional rhetoric (the science of religion perception of existential choice)
Authors: HORKUSHA Oksana
Published: March 2023

The task of this article is to clarify the appropriateness and adequacy of peace-making (confessional) rhetoric in the situation of the war of aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine, in particular, the meaningful correspondence of the concept of «peace» in its application or reading by the bearers of different worldview paradigms. The «russkii mir» cannot be translated either as «Russian peace» or as «Russian world». This is because the scope and content of these concepts are different. Rus (Kyiv`s Rus) — a thousand-year-old princely state with its center in Kyiv, where the ancestors of modern Ukrainians lived, baptized by Prince Volodymyr in 988. Rus is not Russia. But Muscovy adopted the name Russia to derive its historiography from Rus. «Russkii mir» actually refutes the axiological principles laid down by ancient Rus’s civilization (freedom, dignity, partnership, co-creation, mutual responsibility). «Russkii mir» destroys peace in global or any local images, trying to grab the territory it decided to own. «Russkii mir» encroaches on world domination and therefore tries to impose its rules of the game on the world, which would reshape the world structure according to the wishes of the Russian dictators. For this, «russkii mir» uses any means and institutions as a tool: the army, weapons of mass destruction, atrocities, terror, lies, propaganda, the church and peace-making rhetoric. The goal is not to restore peace, but to establish the world domination of the Russian Empire in any of its variants (Muscovy, Russian Empire, Soviet Union, Russian Federation or Orthodox Civilization). Russian Orthodox Church plays a leading role in this — it uses religious rhetoric to formu- late a worldview model of the «russkii mir», consolidates the Russian population for a war of aggression, and justifies the atrocities of the Russian military with the sacred mission of restoring the Holy Rus’. Russian Orthodox Church justifies the «civilizing mission» of the Russian troops, actually calls to protect «our Common Russian Fatherland» by killing Ukrainians on the territo- ry of Ukraine. False messianism, manichaeism, paternalism, hatred of the civilized world that lives by democratic standards and respects the dignity and freedom of the individual, Russian arrogance, conceit, supremacy and egomania — this is what Russian Orthodoxy promotes with its religious rhetoric. Therefore, if we hear calls for «peace» from the bearer of the «russkii mir»’s worldview, it actually means a demand to come to terms with all their whims, to give up one’s own identity, one’s own world, one’s own life, if they do not fit into the concept of «russkii mir».
Issues of war and defense of the motherland in the catechisms of the modern Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Church
Authors: NEDAVNYA Оlgа
Published: March 2023

The article examines the provisions of the catechisms of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church regarding the war and its challenges, as well as the defense of the Motherland. A comparative analysis of relevant thematic instructions in the Catechism “Christ is our Easter” (published in 2011), the Catechism for youth “We walk with Christ” (published in 2021) and the “Catechism of the Christian Warrior” (published in 2022) was carried out. It was determined that the provisions of the UGCC's own fundamental doctrinal documents, its Catechisms, regarding the problems of war and defense of the Motherland, were formed, clarified and supplemented according to the circumstances and needs of the time. The catechism of the UGCC “Christ is our Easter” contains general Christian considerations on the subject under consideration, which are principled, establishing, and refer to how civilized peoples should conduct themselves. The catechism for youth, created in the previous years of the undeclared Russian Federation's “hybrid” war against Ukraine, covers the issues related to the war and the defense of the Motherland in a substantive way and closer to current Ukrainian realities, although it still has some idealistic approach. The Catechism of the Christian Warrior, the preparation of which was completed and the publication was carried out during the full-scale military offensive of the aggressor, is a set of thorough and competent advises for Ukrainian soldiers, where things are called by their names, and there are no provisions that can cause doubts due to experience and be problematically achievable for implementation. Therefore, it is concluded that especially this Catechism, together with and in addition to the two previous ones, is a useful and timely contribution of the UGCC to the instruction of Ukrainians during the war, and therefore to Ukraine's victory over the enemy.
Religious dialogue as a factor of social stability: features and challenges in the context of modern ukrainian realities
Authors: KULAHINA-STADNICHENKO Hanna
Published: March 2023

The article explores the relationship between the dialogical way of existence of religion and social stability. The author argues that dialogue is becoming a way of existence of religion in societies with a high level of religious freedom. The author emphasizes constructive types of communication between religions, one of which is traditionally interreligious (interfaith) dialogue. The definition of religious dialogue as a broad communication phenomenon is considered, which, in particular, involves the interaction of not only religions with each other (interreligious, interfaith dialogue), but also communication between religion and society (religious and social dialogue) on important issues of the present, and reactions to them. It is substantiated that the reluctance of a certain religious institution to engage in dialogue may be based on the theological position of the church caused by the phenomenon of «ambivalence of the sacred». Some ways to restore the dialogue of religions and overcome the conflict conditions of their interaction are proposed. In conclusion, it is noted that the «war of civilizations» launched by the Russian Federation in Ukraine brings the dialogue of religions to a new level, namely: requires a revision of certain theological theories, the formation of new theological visions; significantly actualizes the issues of justice, heroism, good and evil, the impossibility of violence, ethical problems and their reflection in theological thought; requires religions to take a civic stance, where it is no longer possible to speak of secularization in the sense of separation of religion from politics; sharpens and problematizes the attitude of religions to the national question as a result of the Russian Federation’s provoked terrorist methods of warfare, and thus the threat to humanity of genocide on a national basis; raises the issue of universal values, the humanistic paradigm and personal responsibility, which brings all religious systems too close together; meta-anthropologizes religion, absolutizes humanism as a value when a believer «goes beyond» mere existence to approach eternal truths, where the concept of «salvation» loses its narrowly individualistic characteristic.
Philosophy of Engineering and Design (Technological) Actions
Authors: LAKTIONOVA Anna
Published: March 2023

We live in a world of technologies. Classical Philosophy of Science, Philosophy of Technology, Episte- mology, etc. philosophical disciplines appear insufficient for valid reflections on today's world. The Philo- sophy of Engineering and Design (Technological) Actions is seen promising to become a fruitful field of philosophical reflections and is offered from the perspective of the Philosophy of Action and Agency (Practical Philosophy). The foundations of the latter are presented in Part II. In the Part I, the Phi- losophy of Engineering and Design (Technological) Actions is outlined in a comparative with Philo- sophy of Technology, Humanities Philosophy of Technology, Philosophy of Engineering, Philosophy of Science, Epistemology, etc. plane. The paradoxes of E. Feenberg's technique, the interpretation of which is proposed in the part III, are involved for the illustrating of the maintained understanding. In the conclusive part (IV) the general danger of distortive philosophical understandings about the tech- nological common world of today are mentioned.
Georges Bataille’s «inner experience»: public self-execution for the sake of communication
Authors: BUTSYKINA Yevheniia
Published: March 2023

The paper outlines the theoretical and methodological complexity of the historical-philosophi- cal study of Georges Bataille’s literary and philosophical heritage, In: particular «Inner Expe- rience», one of his key works, which is about to be released in Ukrainian. To this end, I analyze the biographical and historical-philosophical contexts of writing «Inner Experience». I observe the main events of the thinker’s life, which led to the writing of this work and testify to Bataille’s opposition to the most common artistic movements of the time (surrealism), philosophical theo- ries (existentialism), religious teachings, and, in fact, anti-systemic nature of his work. In addi- tion, the paper tends to identify sources of influence on the formation of philosophical views of Bataille in the period of «Inner Experience» writing. In particular, I analyze the theoretical and political relations of Bataille, especially with his critics (Belgian surrealists group, G. Marcel, J.-P. Sartre), but also allies (M. Blanchot, P. Klossowski, M. Leiris, H. Masson and others). Further, I study the genesis of the concept of «internal experience» formation, its inherent multi- faceted, multi-layered,and metaphorical nature, rooting in the tradition of Christian mysticism and reflecting the state after the loss of faith at the same time. Particularly, I study the image of the labyrinth as one of the most expressive synonyms of internal experience term, which empha- sizes the meaning of this fundamental word-concept of Bataille’s philosophy. To provide the in- tellectual context, I list main points of Bataille’s «Inner Experience» critique by representatives of the French intellectual communities of the 1940s, as well as the main Bataille’s arguments against this critique. Eventually, I analyze the main ideas of his «Inner Experience», as well as the ways how Bataille’s philosophy influenced the key representatives of the French poststruc- turalism (J. Derrida, M. Foucault, J. Kristeva, J.-F. Lyotard).
Improving Home Caregiver Independence With Central Line Care for Pediatric Cancer Patients
Authors: Wong Chris I. , Desrochers Marie D. , Conway Margaret , Stuver Sherri O. , Mahan Riley M. , Billett Amy L.
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVE

Home caregivers (eg parents) of pediatric patients with cancer with external central lines (CL) must carefully maintain this device to prevent complications. No guidelines exist to support caregiver skill development, assess CL competency, follow-up after initial CL teaching, and support progress over time. We aimed to achieve >90% caregiver independence with CL care within 1 year through a family-centered quality improvement intervention.

METHODS

Drivers to achieve CL care independence were identified using surveys and interviews of patient or caregivers, a multidisciplinary team with patient or family representatives, and piloting clinic return demonstrations (teach-backs). A family-centered CL care skill-learning curriculum, with a postdischarge teach-back program, was implemented using plan-do-study-act cycles. Patients or caregivers participated until independent with CL flushing. Changes included: language iterations to maximize patient or caregiver engagement, developing standardized tools for home use and for teaching and evaluating caregiver proficiency on the basis of number of nurse prompts required during the teach-back, earlier inpatient training, and clinic redesign to incorporate teach-backs into routine visits. The proportion of eligible patients whose caregiver had achieved independence in CL flushing was the outcome measure. Teach-back program participation was a process measure. Statistical process control charts tracked change over time.

RESULTS

After 6 months of quality improvement intervention, >90% of eligible patients had a caregiver achieve independence with CL care. This was sustained for 30 months postintervention. Eighty-eight percent of patients (n = 181) had a caregiver participate in the teach-back program.

CONCLUSION

A family-centered hands-on teach-back program can lead to caregiver independence in CL care.
Forest species for biocultural restoration in eastern Amazon, Brazil
Authors: Loch Vivian do Carmo , Celentano Danielle , Carvalho Saraiva Raysa Valeria , T. Alvarado Swanni , De Freitas Berto Flávia , Tayllon Serra Raymony , Castro Barroso João , Awa Guajá Tatuxa'a , Xavier Rousseau Guillaume
Published: March 2023

Amazon deforestation damages nature, people, and their closer biocultural relationship, eroding fundamental elements for its reproduction. The recognition and use of traditional knowledge to plan and implement restoration efforts are essential to its success. This study identified forest tree species of biocultural value for indigenous communities, quilombolas, and settled farmers in Maranhão state, eastern Brazilian Amazon. Semi-structured interviews, informal conversations, Free Lists, and guided walks were carried out in three different landscapes to identify species with ecological importance and/or use-value according to local communities’ perceptions. Eight categories of species use were defined (food, woody, medicinal, income, cultural, hunting, honey, and energy); and the Smith Salience Index (S) was utilized to identify species with higher importance. A total of 58 native trees (S > 0.1) were listed as biocultural species, five of which were cited for ecological importance only, without a use-value associated. The highest number of species with cultural salience (S > 0.1) was reported in the indigenous group (47), followed by settlers (11) and quilombolas (9). Among the indigenous, we identified a higher number of uses for the same species, and a remarkable spiritual relationship with plants from their cosmological vision. The reproduction of biocultural values in societies needs to receive more attention in the restoration science and praxis. The identification of species of biocultural value can serve as an important ally for the assertive design of conservation and restoration initiatives.
Space-time patterns and drivers of migrant bird communities in coastal Piauí State, Brazil
Authors: Cardoso Cleiton O. , Sales Davi da S. , Nascimento Muryllo dos S. , Siqueira Airton Janes da S. , Pereira Ocivana A. , Dos Santos Suely S. , Dos Santos Francisco das Chagas V. , Carneiro Pedro B. de M. , Guzzi Anderson
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Migration is a natural phenomenon that includes annual movements of many bird species in response to seasonal cycles. With approximately one third of all living bird species, South America has an important avifauna, and many migrants land in Brazil at stopping points and wintering sites. Objective: To identify associations between migrant birds and coastal vegetation, and environmental influence of on migration. Methods: At 10 points along the coast of Piauí State, Brazil, we made visual censuses and mist net captures, between April 2009 and February 2016. Results: We identified 82 migrant bird species (13 orders; 28 families) that represented 41 intracontinental migrating species, 26 northern visiting species, 14 nomad species and one vagrant species. The richness peaks were at the beginning and end of both dry and rainy seasons, matching insolation and atmospheric pressure.  There were spatial pattern differences among vegetation complexes. Chrysolampis mosquitus is an indicator of caatinga vegetation, Numenius phaeopus of wetland, Charadrius collaris of non-flooding fields, Rostrhamus sociabilis of forest-grassland transition, and Columbina picui of orchards. Despite differences in number and species composition within vegetation types, the temporal pattern in species richness was similar among flooded fields, non-flooded fields, and transition grassland categories. Conclusions: Migrant birds occupy specific environments during their permanence along the coast of Piauí State, with richness matching insolation and atmospheric pressure.
Spiritual Wounds and Injuries (Part 2)
Authors: Davies Murray J
Published: March 2023

As part of a series on moral injury in HSCC (see Davies, 2023; Part 1), this Part 2 will propose that the current conceptions of moral injury (MI) may be inadequate, and that there is a need to recognize a distinct conceptualization of “spiritual damage”. Just as MI was, and still is, sometimes mistakenly and unhelpfully conflated with some criteria of post-traumatic stress disorder, it may also be a mistake to conflate spiritual damage with “spirituality injury” under the MI paradigm. The breadth and depth of spirituality and its basis in a divine, mysterious creator, or God(s), are such that their scope may extend beyond impacts that can be accounted for in terms of medicine, psychology and, in some respects, morality. As such, this article argues that the current discussion on spirituality within the MI framework may need to be revised to account for “spiritual damage” more comprehensively. It is suggested that a new approach to this area of MI is necessary to acknowledge the fundamentally important role of spirituality in a MI context, but also to expand the horizon to include spiritual damage that occurs before, during and after traumatic, difficult or horrific events. Further, deeper consideration needs to be given to encompassing both the institutional and personal aspects of religion and spirituality, and how damage in these areas can both wound and injure an individual’s spiritual schema, while also providing the potential for spiritual growth. This study will consider five areas, in particular, that require deeper consideration: (i) spirituality and science; (ii) a relationship with the divine; (iii) the use of spiritual tools; (iv) the recognition of spirituality as more than just an “aftermath” issue; and (v) spiritual growth.
Beneficial properties of zeolite
Authors: Oggiano Gordana , Pokimica Biljana , Popović Tamara , Takić Marija
Published: March 2023

Our focus was to obtain an overall picture of the different beneficial properties of zeolite, based on its chemical and physical characteristics, which depend on zeolite absorption and exchange of ions. These characteristics make them very useful for various applications, including agriculture (as an animal feed additive and in food technology production), veterinary and human medicine, ecology, certain manufacturing, and cosmetics. Zeolite has pleiotropic effects, and the most important of them are detoxifying, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory roles. We wanted to underline, with the review of the scientific literature, the positive medical beneficial effects of zeolite on the general health status.
Hierarchic change system dynamics supply chain model: impact of demand information sharing on holding cost and downstream project completion
Authors: Fudhla Ahmad Fatih , Wirjodirdjo Budisantoso
Published: March 2023

The interrelationships between system components are critical to improving the performance of a complex supply chain system. Thus, any improvement or development can be carried out systemically and comprehensively. The complexity of coordination grows as the number of echelons in a supply chain increases. In practice, coordination becomes more difficult to implement in a supply chain with more echelons. Through demand information sharing, this research attempts to figure out how coordination can have implications for complex multi-echelon supply chains with a modeling approach. The Aggregate Andesite Stone Supply Chain is used as an empirical model with four echelons. Changes in dimensions and values per ton of product in each echelon displacement add complexity. Total holding cost is not the only consideration. The timely completion of projects downstream is also a priority. So the system's behavior that runs and changes over time also needs to be observed. To accommodate this complexity, a system dynamics modeling approach is used. This modeling technique could capture fluctuations in volatile conditions that change in time sequences. The pattern of model behavior shows that demand information sharing in the andesite aggregate supply chain is faint, and the "bullwhip effect" occurs. The demand information sharing can eliminate this effect, reduce up to 73.5 % of total supply chain holding costs, and increase the percentage of project completion on time downstream of the supply chain. These results provide a scientific and practical understanding that although there are many obstacles, demand information sharing can significantly improve performance in multi-echelon complex supply chains and be worthwhile applied
Establishing changes in the parameters of teat rubber for milking machines during testing and under industrial conditions
Authors: Paliy Andriy , Aliiev Elchyn , Paliy Anatoliy , Ishchenko Katerina , Rybalko Ivan , Pavlichenko Olena , Prihodko Mikola , Popsui Vjacheslav , Bondarchuk Larisa , Chernyavskaya Tetyana
Published: March 2023

The teat rubber of milking machines is the only structural component of all milking and dairy equipment that is in contact with animals. During operation, the rubber article’s original quality characteristics are compromised. This is due to mechanical wear during operation.
The task of the research is to establish changes in the parameters of the teat rubber of milking machines during testing and under industrial conditions. The object of research was the teat rubber of milking machines from various manufacturers, made of various composite materials.
A scientific hypothesis put forward assumed that an increase in the efficiency of milking and dairy equipment could be achieved by establishing changes in the parameters of the teat rubber with subsequent maintenance planning. This would provide an opportunity to identify patterns and dependences that characterize these processes.
In the course of research, theoretical dependences were derived to determine the operation of teat rubber in idle mode and the theoretical time of its operation. It was established that the theoretical wear period of the teat rubber is about 120–170 hours.
It was determined that in the environment of SZHR-3, the coefficient of aging in terms of intensity was >2 times higher compared to Skydrol LD-4. The volume under similar conditions of exposure of liquids on samples exceeded by more than 3 times. It is proved that the change in the mass of rubber under the influence of SZHR-3 exceeds more than 2.5 times the indicators obtained from the effects of Skydrol LD-4.
It was established that during long-term operation the teat rubber undergoes changes in its physical and mechanical properties. Thus, hardness and elasticity increase, elasticity decreases due to the destruction of the internal structure of rubber due to the formation of microcracks, the vacuum of closing the walls increases.
Knowledge of the quality characteristics of the teat rubber would make it possible to find the optimal solution for the choice of rubber articles
Development of technology for obtaining fat compositions with increased oxidative stability
Authors: Saveliev Dmytro , Hryhorenko Oleksandr , Mykhailova Evgeniia , Kravtsov Mikhail , Kostyrkin Oleg , Nikitin Anatolii , Romaniuk Valentyn , Smolkov Oleksandr , Meshcheriakov Ivan , Bahlai Volodymyr
Published: March 2023

The object of research is the process of fat oxidation at elevated and standard temperatures.
Fats are used in chemical, pharmaceutical, food and other industries. Oxidative deterioration changes the composition of fats, reduces the efficiency of chemical reactions involving fats and the quality of final products. An urgent task is to increase the oxidative stability of fats.
The oxidative stability of fat compositions based on rapeseed, high-oleic sunflower and palm oils by the induction period at a temperature of 110 °C was investigated. The induction periods of the initial oils were 408.48 min., 795.87 min. and 630.2 min., respectively. Rational ratios of oils in the compositions were found: high-oleic sunflower: palm (50:50) %; rapeseed: high-oleic sunflower: palm (16.67:66.67:16.67) %; rapeseed: high-oleic sunflower: palm (33.33:33.33:33.33) %. The induction periods of the mixtures are 650.57 min., 710.56 min. and 670.56 min., respectively.
The increase in the oxidative stability of the developed compositions using the mixture of synthetic antioxidants (butylhydroxyanisole, butylhydroxytoluene and tert-butylhydroquinone) in an amount of 300 mg/kg of fat mixture was studied. The induction periods of the developed compositions were 910.80 min., 1279.01 min. and 1072.90 min., respectively.
The physicochemical parameters of compositions with the addition of antioxidants after 5 months of storage at a temperature of (20±2) °C were determined. The peroxide values of the compositions were 5.65; 3.28; 4.50 ½ O mmol/kg, respectively.
The research results make it possible to produce fats with increased oxidative stability and necessary properties, to predict induction periods of fat compositions depending on the concentrations of components. This will increase the profitability of production and the quality of fats obtained
Construction of spherical non-circular wheels formed by symmetrical arcs of loxodrome
Authors: Kresan Tetiana , Kadhim Ahmed Ali , Pylypaka Serhii , Volina Tatiana , Semirnenko Svіtlana , Trokhaniak Viktor , Zakharova Irina
Published: March 2023

Bevel gears are used to transmit torque between intersecting axes. They demonstrate high reliability and durability of work, as well as a constant gear ratio. The disadvantage of such a transmission is the mutual sliding of the surfaces of the teeth of the gears, which leads to the emergence of friction forces and wear of their working surfaces. In this regard, there is a task to design such bevel gears that would have no slip.
Non-circular wheels are understood as a pair of closed curves that rotate around fixed centers and at the same time roll over each other without sliding. They can serve as centroids for the design of cylindrical gears between parallel axes. If the axes of rotation of the wheels intersect, then the gears are called conical. An analog of gears between parallel axes, in which centroids are flat closed curves, for gears with intersecting axes are spherical closed curves. For a bevel gear with a constant gear ratio, such spherical curves are circles on the surface of the sphere, and with a variable gear ratio, spatial spherical curves.
This paper considers the construction of closed spherical curves that roll around each other without sliding when they rotate around the axes intersecting in the center of the spheres. These curves are formed from symmetrical arcs of the loxodrome, a curve that crosses all the meridians of the ball at a constant angle. This angle should be 45°, which ensures the intersection of the loxodrome at right angles. Analytical dependences have been derived underlying the calculations of profiles of spherical non-circular wheels and their visualization by means of computer graphics. The results could be used to design non-circular wheels for textile machines, hydraulic machine pumps, pump dispensers, etc.
Investigation of the mechanism of nickel hydroxide formation from nickel nitrate
Authors: Kovalenko Vadym , Kotok Valerii , Girenko Dmitriy , Nikolenko Mykola , Andreiev Dmytro , Verbitskiy Volodymyr , Medianyk Volodymyr , Morozova Svetlana , Nafeev Rovil
Published: March 2023

Nickel hydroxides are widely used as electrochemically active substances in alkaline batteries and hybrid supercapacitors; they can be used for electrocatalysis, in electrochemical sensors, and as pigments. Knowledge of the formation mechanism of nickel hydroxides is necessary for developing and optimizing targeted synthesis methods. The thermal effects of processes in the formation of nickel hydroxide from nitrate were studied by the calorimetry method. The mechanism of precipitate formation was investigated by the method of simultaneous potentiometric (with a glass universal electrode) and conductometric titration. The nickel content in the samples obtained at the determined NaOH/Ni2+ ratios was investigated by the chemical method of trilonometry after preliminary dissolution.
Calorimetric investigations showed that the reaction of nickel nitrate with NaOH was exothermic with ΔНreaction=‒28328.5 J/mol. The exothermic nature of the NaOH dilution process was revealed with ΔНdilution =‒2454 J/mol.
According to the results of potentiometric titration, the formation of a basic salt of the NiOHNO3 type was not detected. Analysis of the results of conductometric titration revealed a two-stage chemical mechanism for the formation of nickel hydroxide from nitrate. At the first stage, which had a high rate, due to the liquid-phase reaction of the nickel cation with the hydroxyl anion, a primary precipitate of the composition Ni(OH)1.87(NO3)0.13 was formed. In the second stage, as a result of a slow topochemical reaction of the primary precipitate with hydroxyl anions, nitrate ions were displaced from the precipitate to form nickel hydroxide. These data are confirmed by the analysis of precipitate obtained at NaOH/Ni2+ ratios of 1.87 and 2.2: the Ni content was 52.95 % and 55.63 %, corresponding to the formulas Ni(OH)1.87(NO3)0.13∙0.68H2O and Ni(OH)2∙0.71H2O. This clearly indicated that the primary precipitate was nitrate-doped α-Ni(OH)2 and the final precipitate corresponded to the α-modification of nickel hydroxide
Advanced design of a small-scale mini gerotor pump in a high-temperature and high-viscosity fluid thermal system
Authors: Zariatin Dede Lia , Suwandi Agri
Published: March 2023

In this research, the development of a small-scale heat transfer gerotor pump with an advanced arrangement for high-viscosity and high-temperature fluids is described comprehensively. The small-scale pump design aims to meet the needs of modular components for industry and research, especially for small-scale heat transfer applications such as residential heating systems. VDI 2221 approach was used to construct an advanced gerotor pump with an internal reservoir unit that can generate additional pressure and minimize the slip factor, thereby increasing its volumetric efficiency. The developed small-scale pump was designed in a smart arrangement, which required fewer components than a typical heat transfer pump. This helps to reduce the maintenance of the pump and its components. Experimental tests were performed using a testing apparatus equipped with a heater, a control system using Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) adjustment, valves, pressure, and temperature gauges. The instruments in the apparatus test were used to control the flow rate and pump speed and monitor the temperature of the working fluid. The results of the experiment show that the advanced gerotor pump was able to deliver fluid with a viscosity of 307 ml/min and a temperature of up to 230 °C. The components arrangement minimizes the slip factor, which is mostly the main challenge of positive displacement pumps. The maximum slip coefficient of the advanced gerotor pump design is 0.095. The volumetric efficiency was in the range of 0.803–0.905 when the pump operated at 2,100 RPM and 230 °C. The experiment and analysis results show that the pump can be implemented for the actual application of the thermal system, for research and industry
Recognition of aerial photography objects based on data sets with different aggregation of classes
Authors: Prystavka Pylyp , Dukhnovska Kseniia , Kovtun Oksana , Leshchenko Olga , Cholyshkina Olha , Semenov Vadym
Published: March 2023

The object of this work is the recognition algorithms of aerial photography objects, namely, the analysis of recognition accuracy based on data sets with different aggregation classes.
To solve this problem, an information system for object recognition based on aerial photography data has been developed. An architecture based on neural network architectures of the ConvNets group with structural modifications was chosen and used to create the information system. The use of a convolutional neural network of the ConvNets group in the architecture of the information system for the recognition of objects of aerial photography gives high accuracy rates when training the information system and validating its results. But the authors did not find any studies on the learning of the neural network of the ConvNets group. Therefore, it was decided to conduct an analysis in which case the ConvNets network will provide validation results with higher accuracy when the training takes place on datasets with or without class aggregation.
The authors performed an analysis of the accuracy of recognition of aerial photography objects based on data sets with different aggregation classes. The dataset used for neural network training consisted of 3-channel labeled images of 64x64 pixels size. Based on the analysis, the optimal number of epochs for training is selected, which makes it possible to recognize aerial photography objects with greater accuracy and speed. It was concluded that greater accuracy in image classification is achieved for sampling without crossing data from different classes (without aggregation of classes). The result of the work is recommended for use in the automation of dataset filling and information filtering of visual images
Implementing the method of figurative transformations to minimize partially defined Boolean functions
Authors: Solomko Mykhailo , Antoniuk Mykola , Voitovych Ihor , Ulianovska Yuliia , Pavlova Nataliia , Biletskyi Viacheslav
Published: March 2023

This paper reports a research that established the possibility of increasing the effectiveness of the method of figurative transformations to minimize partially defined Boolean functions. The method makes it possible, without loss of functionality, to reduce the complexity of the minimization procedure, compared to sorting out binary definitions of partially defined Boolean functions. The interpretation of the result is that the 2-(n, b)-design, 2-(n, x/b)-design systems are a reflection of logical operations. Therefore, the identification of such combinatorial systems in the truth table of logical functions directly and unambiguously establishes the location of logical operations for equivalent transformations of Boolean expressions. This, in turn, implicates an algorithm for simplifying Boolean functions, including partially defined Boolean functions. Thus, the method of figurative transformations simplifies and speeds up the procedure for minimizing partially defined Boolean functions, compared to analogs. This indicates that the visual-matrix form of the analytical method still has the prospect of increasing its hardware capabilities, including in terms of minimizing partially defined Boolean functions.
It has been experimentally confirmed that the method of figurative transformations increases the efficiency of minimizing partially defined Boolean functions, compared with analogs, by 100–200 %.
There is reason to argue about the possibility of increasing the efficiency of minimizing partially defined Boolean functions in the main and polynomial bases by the specified method. The effectiveness of the method, in particular, is ensured by carrying out all operations of generalized gluing of variables for dead-end disjunctive normal forms (DNF), followed by the use of implicant tables; optimal combination of a sequence of logical operations for gluing variables
A model of decoy system based on dynamic attributes for cybercrime investigation
Authors: Vasylyshyn Sviatoslav , Susukailo Vitalii , Opirskyy Ivan , Kurii Yevhenii , Tyshyk Ivan
Published: March 2023

The object of research are decoys with dynamic attributes. This paper discusses the impact of decoys involving blockchain technologies on the state of information security of the organization and the process of researching cybercrime. This is important because most cybercrimes are detected after the attacker gains access to sensitive data. Through systematic analysis of the literature focused on assessing the capabilities of decoy and blockchain technologies, this work identifies the main advantages of decoys that utilize blockchain technology. To assess the effectiveness of attacker detection and cybercrime analysis, controlled experiments were conducted using a blockchain-based decoy system that we developed aimed at determining network performance.
As part of the study reported here, a technique is proposed to detect cybercrime using decoys based on blockchain technology. This technique is based on the fact that the attributes of the system change dynamically. Such a technique has made it possible to obtain a system model that solves the task of detecting decoys by intruders. In addition, the developed scheme reduces the load in contrast to the conventional fixed solution.
The results indicate that the response time of services is significantly reduced in the environment of decoys with dynamic attributes. For example, Nginx's response time in a static host is twice as high as dynamic, and an Apache dynamic server can still respond to an intruder's attack even if a static server fails. Therefore, the results reported in the article give grounds to assert the possibility of using the solution in the infrastructure of information systems at the public and private levels