bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization for squeak and rattle reduction using vibration analysis of passenger car door trim
Authors: Bhosale Omkar S , Huajre Deepak , Laila Murtaza S
Published: September 2022

The quality of vehicle plays an important role during the vehicle purchase. Sound quality is one of the highly ranked and commonly identified issues in automobiles. Automotive OEMs want the right-first-time design approach thus designs should be strong enough to fulfill all the criteria in terms of safety, fatigue, quality, etc. Buzz, Squeak and Rattle (BSR) are commonly classified as vehicle quality issues and marked under NVH. It is very hard to resolve BSR due to complex mechanisms and assemblies in vehicles. In this paper, the methodology is developed to reduce Rattle issues with help of shape optimization. BSR is quite unpredictable so it is hard to completely avoid it during development of overall vehicle, hence during the test run noise and its locations are marked and the focus is shifted to solving them. The methodology presented is helpful to solve the problem during the design and development phase instead of find and cure method which is currently in use. The work is limited to reducing the rattle issue in door trim and audio speaker assembly.
Thermal performance improvement on winglet tip of a turbine stage under engine condition-part I: Winglet geometry modifications
Authors: Wu Chenqi , Yan Xin
Published: September 2022

Heat transfer and film cooling effect on the winglet-squealer tip in the first stage of a gas turbine were numerically investigated under engine condition. To reveal the effect of P.S. (pressure side) winglet geometry on the tip thermal performance, seven different tip configurations (i.e. conventional squealer tip, no P.S. rim tip, three kinds of uniform cross-section winglet tip, and two kinds of distorted winglet tip) were selected to determine a proper design. The heat transfer and film cooling effect on the distorted winglet tip, conventional squealer tip and no P.S. rim tip were compared at two different cooling arrangements (i.e. only tip cooling and both tip and P.S. cooling). The results show that a proper design of distorted winglet geometry can effectively eliminate the high heat transfer areas and enhance the uniformity of thermal load on the cavity floor. Compared with the convention squealer tip, the thermal load on the distorted winglet tip is reduced by 16.45%. With vertical ejections from both tip and P.S. holes, the film cooling effectiveness on the distorted winglet tip is improved by 9.13% and 9.6% as compared with the convention squealer tip and no P.S. rim tip, respectively.
Evaluation of low energy consumption control for seawater desalination on Penghu Island
Authors: Fang Shyang-Chyuan
Published: September 2022

In fact, current water supplies due to natural constraints or lack of infrastructure (or both) cannot be provided in a sustainable manner for all increasing and competing uses (e.g. residential, industrial, agricultural). While promoting Penghu's low-carbon islands, in a water-scarce environment, it is the motivation of this research to take into account the development of water resources and lower energy consumption costs. The seawater desalination plant water production technology is improved, the cost of water production is reduced. This research uses a genetic algorithm (GA) to optimize the recovery rate to solve the minimum Specific energy consumption (SEC) value, and then, according to the required water production, the optimal flow rate of raw seawater of the high-pressure pump is obtained, so as to minimize the energy consumption of the reverse osmosis (RO) system. The energy recovery device has a great effect on reducing the energy consumption of the RO system, and it can be seen from the results that the higher efficiency does greatly reduce the energy consumption of the SEC and water production under the different energy recovery device efficiency. Calculated using genetic algorithms, and the SEC is 3.275 and the recovery rate is 45.1%, and the water production energy consumption is 2.35 kWh/m3. Scheme B changed the efficiency of the energy recovery unit to 97.22%, resulting in a SEC of 1.819 and a recovery rate of 25.3%, and a water production energy consumption of 1.31 kWh/m3. Finally, challenges and research gaps are also proposed.
Designing Olfactory Ensheathing Cell Transplantation Therapies: Influence of Cell Microenvironment
Authors: Murtaza Mariyam , Mohanty Lipsa , Ekberg Jenny A. K. , St John James A.
Published: September 2022

Olfactory ensheathing cell (OEC) transplantation is emerging as a promising treatment option for injuries of the nervous system. OECs can be obtained relatively easily from nasal biopsies, and exhibit several properties such as secretion of trophic factors, and phagocytosis of debris that facilitate neural regeneration and repair. But a major limitation of OEC-based cell therapies is the poor survival of transplanted cells which subsequently limit their therapeutic efficacy. There is an unmet need for approaches that enable the in vitro production of OECs in a state that will optimize their survival and integration after transplantation into the hostile injury site. Here, we present an overview of the strategies to modulate OECs focusing on oxygen levels, stimulating migratory, phagocytic, and secretory properties, and on bioengineering a suitable environment in vitro.
Political Economy of Women and Work
Authors: Bhuta Aishwarya
Published: September 2022

Farah Naz and Dieter Bögenhold, Unheard Voices: Women, Work and Political Economy of Global Production. Palgrave Macmillan, 2020, xv+197 pp., €93.08. ISBN: 9783030543631 (eBook).

Ishita Mehrotra, Political Economy of Caste, Class and Gender: A Study of Rural Dalit Labourers in India. Routledge, 2022, 224 pp., £33.29. ISBN: 9780429321894 (eBook).
Use of Anti-epileptic Drugs for Post Traumatic Seizure: A Global Survey
Authors: Gopalan Harison , P Krishnakumar. , S Arun.
Published: September 2022

Background

Post traumatic seizures (PTS) and post traumatic epilepsy (PTE) are potential consequences of traumatic brain injury (TBI). There is no consensus regarding its management among treating doctors.

Purpose

We have undertaken a global survey to assess the variability of management practices of PTS and PTE and highlight the pressing need to formulate uniform practice guidelines.

Methods

A questionnaire consisting of sixteen questions were developed with the help of Google survey and sent through e-mail, or social media platforms like WhatsApp, Facebook messenger or Telegram, to practicing Neurologists and Neurosurgeons round the world.

Results

There were a total of 220 responses. Majority of our responders (n = 202; 91.8%) would start an anti-epileptic (AED) prophylaxis to prevent PTS; 18 people (8.18%) told that they would not start AED prophylaxis for TBI. Phenytoin (n = 98; 48.5%) followed by Levetiracetam (n = 78; 38.6%) was the preferred drug, although the latter was significantly preferred by high and upper middle-income countries ( p<.001). Majority (n = 99; 49%) would not use it beyond two weeks. Most clinicians would manage PTE with a single drug (n = 160; 72.7%) either Phenytoin (n = 69; 31.3%) or levetiracetam (n = 67; 30.4%). Most of them (n = 174; 86%) would treat for less than one year.

Conclusions

Practices in the management of PTS and PTE vary widely among clinicians. Our study point towards the need for the development of a more robust and comprehensive practice guidelines for the management of the same.
Women’s Body Bonded in Labour and Violence
Authors: Sahu Skylab , Mehta Pradeep K. , Sahu Parthasarathi
Published: September 2022

On 10 February 2021, a rape case of about a 22-year-old tribal woman worker from the district of Balangir was reported in the state of Telangana. The migrant woman worker was working in a brick kiln manufacturing unit and was gang raped by the brick kilns owners in Gourreddipeta in Peddapalli district. The case highlights the subjectivity of women and everyday forms of violence faced by women workers including sexual harassment and rape. It focuses on the intersectionality of vulnerability of class, ethnicity and gender issues. The article raises the myth of abolition of the bonded labour. It furthermore portrays the violation of various other acts such as the Inter-State Migrant Workmen (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1979, the Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act, 1976, the Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986 and the Minimum Wages Act, 1948.
Space, Place, and Time: The Family Court Experiences of Child Welfare–Involved Parents
Authors: Washington Ashleigh , Stephens Tricia , Pisciotta Caterina
Published: September 2022

There is no Family Court (FC) without families. However, historically and presently, families have not been centered in child welfare (CW) and family unification practices. This article aims to increase knowledge of parents’ experiences with CW and FC to illustrate how these institutions operate in the lives of the families they were built to serve. Data collected from in-depth interviews with parents ( n = 4) and parent advocates ( n = 6) illustrate how space, place, and time were recreated once parents engaged with CW and FC. These emergent findings show the FC’s replication of racial and social inequities among poor mothers of color and how the FC facilitated punitive pathways to reunification. This article ends with a call for institutional reforms to align FC practices with their stated purpose of supporting and centering families.
Probabilistic reliability analysis for active vibration control of piezoelectric laminated composite plates using mesh-free finite volume method
Authors: Momeni Badeleh Masoud , Fallah Nosrat Allah
Published: September 2022

The implementation of deterministic design approaches in the presence of uncertainty is an adequate design task. Probabilistic methods are then used in structural design procedures, offering structural safety predictions. In this study, reliability-based analysis of a piezoelectric laminated composite plate subjected to the mechanical loads was investigated, accounting for the epistemic source of uncertainty. Material properties of the plate were considered temperature-dependent. The sophisticated mesh-free finite volume approach was employed to actively control the vibration of the temperature-dependent piezoelectric laminated composite plate through the first-order shear deformation principles. The induced vibration was treated as a non-stationary random process, and the generalized failure index was estimated using the first-passage probability concept by adopting the novel asymptotic sampling technique. The veracity of the suggested model was corroborated by alternate approaches in the literature, comprising the finite element approach. Furthermore, the temperature-dependent piezoelectric laminated composite plate with different ply orientations was considered to assess the safety index variation against changes in the ambient temperature and the laminate stacking orientation. The obtained results revealed that with increasing temperature, the reliability of the composite plate reduced. It was also realized that the reliability index is directly correlated with the piezoelectric voltage.
Leveraging Randomized Controlled Trial Design: HIV and Wellness Interventions with Marginalized Populations
Authors: Goddard-Eckrich Dawn , Thomas Brittany , Gilbert Louisa , Aifah Angela , Hunt Timothy , Sarfo Bright , Wu Elwin , Mandavia Amar , Chang Mingway , Matthews Lisa , Johnson Jessica , Rodriguez Sandra , Johnson Karen , El-Bassel Nabila
Published: September 2022

Treatment as usual has historically been used as control arms for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), but utilizing wellness interventions as active comparison conditions can advance the evidence base of such interventions while increasing access to health promotion content. We use the results from the CONNECT 2 RCT's wellness intervention control arm as a case example of active comparison conditions that can control for dosage or attentional effects in future research. We summarized existing studies on wellness control HIV RCT interventions, introduced CONNECT 2, and discussed recruitment, randomization, and the intervention. Overall, Wellness Promotion participants were more likely to engage in physical activity, eat healthier, and do more vigorous exercise when compared with HIV Risk Reduction. CONNECT 2 Wellness intervention results solidify why wellness interventions can play an important role in treatment guidelines. Developing and implementing this model can be a more ethical, equitable, and holistic approach among underserved communities.
ADAMTS13 Autoantibodies and Burden of Care in Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic purpura: New Evidence and Future Implications
Authors: Dainese Cristina , Valeri Federica , Pizzo Eleonora , Valpreda Alessandra , Sivera Piera , Montaruli Barbara , Porreca Annamaria , Massaia Massimo , Bruno Benedetto , Borchiellini Alessandra
Published: September 2022

The introduction Caplacizumab in the management of Immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) has raised different questions, considering its cost-efficacy and the optimal immunosuppressive treatment (IST) to associate. A retrospective multicenter collection of 42 first iTTP cases was conducted to identify variables associated with a higher burden of care and necessity of an implemented IST with early Rituximab (RTX) rescue. A significant correlation resulted between ADAMTS13 inhibitors (ADAMTS13inh) at diagnosis with total plasma exchange (PEXtot) and PEX needed to achieve clinical response (PEXtoCR, r = 0.46; r = 0.48), along with age (r = - 0.31; r = -0.35), platelet count (r = -0.30; r = -0.30), LDH (r = 0.44; r = 0.41) and total bilirubin (r = 0.54; r = 0.35). ADAMTS13inh also correlated with number of days of hospitalization (DoH, r = 0.44). A significant difference was observed in terms of median ADAMTS13inh titer at diagnosis in patient treated with RTX rescue and those responding to only steroid treatment. Thus, ADAMTS13inh titer resulted a marker of iTTP burden of care, associated with higher number of PEXtot, PEXtoCR, DoH and higher probability of needing RTX rescue to achieve clinical response and could be a useful tool for management of new iTTP cases and an interesting variable to optimize iTTP cases stratification in future Caplacizumab cost-efficacy analysis.
“What Do You Think Needs to be Done to Address Self-Harm?”: Centering the Perspectives of Youth Who Engage in Self-Harm Through Found Poetry
Authors: Riquino Michael R. , Reese Sarah E. , Molloy Jen K. , Nguyen Van L. , Greenwood Emera , LaFountain Olivia , Cavasos Amber , Paceley Megan S. , Jen Sarah , McGeough Briana
Published: September 2022

In recent years, suicide and nonsuicidal self-injury researchers and practitioners have identified the need to amplify the lived experiences of individuals who experience and engage in self-injurious thoughts and behaviors in research and clinical practice (hereinafter referred to as “self-harm” to honor the words used by the youth who participated in this study). In the present study, we sought the wisdom and perspectives of youth who engage in self-harm in response to the following questions: What do you think needs to be done to address self-harm? What would you say to parents of youth who engage in self-harm? What would you say to other youth who are engaging in self-harm? Utilizing data from in-depth interviews ( N = 59), we constructed a series of three found research poems to center their words and perspectives in answer to each of the research questions.
Government Welfare Policy Under a Skilled-Biased Technological Change
Authors: Strawczynski Michel , Tirosh Oren
Published: September 2022

In a world where machines replace unskilled work, an active labor market policy—represented by the combination of an optimal Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) and income maintenance for the unemployed—provides incentives to increase participation in the labor market and depresses wages for unskilled employees. In this paper, this policy is tested against the alternative of allowing unskilled workers to receive a means-tested basic income (MTBI), as recently adopted by Spain. For a liberal social planner (i.e., includes consumption and leisure in individual utility), the MTBI dominates the active labor market policy. For a conservative social planner (i.e., evaluates social welfare based on individual utility from consumption), the active labor market policy dominates the MTBI. The potential dynamic effects of active labor policy on labor supply were considered in a simulation using updated empirical estimates; it shows that this policy becomes preferable for both types of the social planner.
The Effect of an Allowance for Corporate Equity on Capital Structure: Evidence From Austria
Authors: Petutschnig Matthias , Rünger Silke
Published: September 2022

We contribute to the empirical literature on the debt bias of corporate income taxation through a firm-level evaluation of the allowance for corporate equity (ACE) in Austria. We find that the Austrian ACE tax system increased corporate equity ratios by approximately 1.36 to 2.30 percentage points. Additionally, we find significant differences in the application of the ACE tax system depending on firm-specific dividend levels and firm-specific ownership structures. In particular, we find that the cost of constraining dividends appears to be higher than the tax benefit of the ACE tax system. Additionally, we find that firms with dispersed ownership refrain from applying the ACE tax system, which might be due to the fact that firms with less dispersed ownership can react more quickly to tax law changes.
Exploring the co-construction of an action research experience between a teacher educator and pre-service teachers
Authors: Hunuk Deniz , MacPhail Ann
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was to explore the co-construction of an action research (AR) experience between a teacher educator and pre-service teachers (PSTs). Participants were six PSTs and a teacher educator who supervised their school placement. The teacher educator introduced the PSTs to, and facilitated them through, the AR process while creating an environment in which participation, co-construction, and shared investment were key elements across the group. A critical friend assisted the teacher educator to facilitate the PSTs’ experience of AR. Data included (i) audio-taped weekly discussions between the teacher educator and PSTs, (ii) the teacher educator's field notes, (iii) audio-recorded weekly discussions between the teacher educator and critical friend, and (iv) semi-structured post-interviews with PSTs and the teacher educator. Data were analysed qualitatively using the constant comparison approach. Results indicated that the three crucial aspects of a co-constructed AR experience were: centrality of the critical friend, the teacher educator sharing her experiences of AR with PSTs, and creating of a collaborative and supportive learning environment across AR cycles. In conclusion, this study indicates that there needs to be a shift in the understanding of how best to support a shared learning space where we can discuss and encourage each other in co-constructive ways.
Do what matters, no matter what! Factorizing positive activities during COVID-19 lockdown
Authors: Herzberg Philipp Yorck , Stender Tanja , Dechmann Janina Charlotte Gabriela , Čolić Jasmin , Hoyer Jürgen
Published: September 2022

Behavioral activation (BA) interventions systematically encourage positive and value-based activities. Engaging in them is an effective way to counteract negative affect, but it is unknown whether there are subtypes of activities that may have differential effects on mood. This study investigated the factorial structure of 99 potentially rewarding activities used in an online BA intervention during the COVID-19 lockdown. About 3624 German-speaking participants evaluated a list of 99 activities that were easy to apply. We analyzed the initially 99 activities by means of confirmatory factor analysis. Since activities can either be seen as reflective or formative indicators, a reflective as well as a formative model was analyzed. Although the range of chosen activities differed clearly between respondents, a one-factor model provided the best fit. It seems that a general “activity” factor is more important for explaining whether people choose a certain activity or not, than specific characteristics of the activity itself.
Health psychology and behavioral medicine researchers in Canada: An environmental scan
Authors: Ross Kharah M , Hoggan Ryan , Campbell Tavis S , Gordon Jennifer , Gosselin Boucher Vincent , Kim Eric , Lavoie Kim , Linden Wolfgang , Rash Joshua A , Rouleau Codie R , Stewart Sherry H , Presseau Justin
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study is to characterize contemporary Canadian health psychology through an environmental scan by identifying faculty, research productivity and strengths, and collaborator interconnectivity. Profiles at Canadian universities were reviewed for faculty with psychology doctorates and health psychology research programs. Publications were obtained through Google Scholar and PubMed (Jan/18–Mar/21). A total of 284 faculty were identified. Cancer, pain, and sleep were key research topics. The collaborator network analysis revealed that most were linked through a common network, with clusters organized around geography, topic, and trainee relationships. Canada is a unique and productive contributor to health psychology.
Art heterotopias against hegemonic discourses: Dancing the Cyprus conflict
Authors: Christofidou Andria , Milioni Dimitra L
Published: September 2022

We provide an analysis of dance as a practice and an ‘Other’ space; a counter-hegemonic ‘space’, which is affected by the existing social ordering, while simultaneously resisting it. We employ Foucault’s concept of ‘heterotopia’ to analyse dance’s potential to disrupt and deconstruct hegemonic discourses of the past in a conflict-ridden environment such as Cyprus. We analyse three dance works by choreographers who are living and working in Cyprus, and while we focus on the interrelated dimensions of time, space and the (choreographic) subject, we demonstrate how dance may (1) provide a space to problematize the past and recraft the present, (2) enable the re-signification of places of conflict into places of communication and peace and (3) invite artists to reflect on their subjectivities and transform into agents of peace.
The legal aspect of interoperability of cross border electronic health services: A study of the european and national legal framework
Authors: Ntafi Christina , Spyrou Stergiani , Bamidis Panagiotis , Theodorou Mamas
Published: September 2022

Legal interoperability constitutes a prerequisite for the provision of high-quality cross border e-health services, like ePrescription and ePatientSummary. A review of EU legislation, policy initiatives and relevant judgments of the European Court of Justice (ECJ) and the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) was held, concerning personal medical data. Four European social welfare systems, according to Esping – Andersen’s typology, were selected and a study of health policy in relation to the national legal framework regarding the data protection regulation is examined. A model of legal interoperability for cross-border eHealth services is proposed for policy makers at EU level based on the following major domains: protection and security of data, transparency and liability, further analyzed in multiple axes and combined with EU targets, policy priorities and basic European legal principles. This model could be viable because of the EU’s transnational existence, the coexistence of national and Community law, and the need of novel models of political governance under a unified regulatory and normative base.
Potential of ozone addition on dethrottling of a gasoline/ethanol blend-fueled direct injection spark ignition engine in part load
Authors: Golke Diego , Rohrig Marcelo , Lanzanova Thompson Diordinis Metzka , Martins Mario Eduardo Santos , Windlin Fernando , Alegre Guilherme
Published: September 2022

Several efforts are required to improve engine efficiency and decrease global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and local pollutant products. In countries like Brazil, with a four-decade long experience with ethanol, the use of fossil fuels, although widespread, is being put under intense scrutiny. Governmental programs like ROTA 2030 stimulate engine research and development focused on environment-friendly fuels such as bioethanol-gasoline blends. Brazilian gasoline has about a quarter of ethanol, reducing the carbon footprint while maintaining suitable energy density. Regardless of the fuel, the load control method in part load operation of spark ignition engine causes a considerable penalty in fuel conversion efficiency. For these reasons, ozone addition was tested as an ignition enhancer that would allow higher de-throttling to reduce part-load pumping losses. The residual gas was used to dilute the mixture due to the possibility of keeping the three-way catalyst working properly with the stoichiometric mixture. An experimental investigation on efficiency, emissions and combustion related parameters was carried out in a downsized 1.0 l turbocharged direct-injected engine. Experimental tests were performed at 3 bar of indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP), 1500 rpm and stoichiometric air-fuel ratio. Spark timing (ST) was adjusted to achieve maximum indicated efficiency and the fuel used was Brazilian gasoline. Different ozone concentrations were used as a mixture with the intake air to overcome unstable engine operation by enhancing ignition. The results showed that it is possible to increase the gas exchange efficiency with ozone addition by promoting de-throttling operation with residual gases. Furthermore, the ozone addition exhibits the potential to promote autoignition of the end gas with spark assistance, even with a low compression ratio and residual gas fraction higher than 30%. However, the combustion efficiency is impaired by the higher residual gas fraction in some operation points that leave room for improvements.
Camouflaging in Developmental Language Disorder: The Views of Speech and Language Pathologists and Parents
Authors: Hobson Hannah M. , Lee Annabel
Published: September 2022

The term camouflaging describes behaviors that cover up neurodivergent difficulties. While researched in autism, camouflaging has received no systematic study in other conditions affecting communication, including developmental language disorder (DLD). This study explored camouflaging in DLD, drawing on the experience and expertise of speech and language pathologists and parents of children with DLD. Using a qualitative descriptive design, we interviewed six speech and language pathologists and six parents of children with DLD. The inductive thematic analysis considered three broad topic areas: What camouflaging behaviors do children with DLD do, the impacts of camouflaging, and what factors are associated with camouflaging. Camouflaging took a range of forms, with eight common presentations identified. Camouflaging reportedly delayed recognition of children’s language needs and affected interventions. Camouflaging reportedly impacted children’s exhaustion, mental health, self-esteem, personality, friendships, and how others view them. Research characterizing camouflaging in DLD could help reduce the underdetection of children’s language needs.
Hydrophobic and oleophilic 3D weft-knitted spacer fabrics coated by silica aerogels with five different concentrations
Authors: Islam Syed Rashedul , Patoary Mohammed Kayes , Estifanos Hewan Dawit , Lugoloobi Ishaq , Yousif Alrayah HD , Jiang Jinhua , Shao Huiqi
Published: September 2022

Silica aerogels were made from tetraethylorthosilicate by the sol-gel method and coated on the 3D weft-knitted spacer fabrics (WKSFs) to compare the interaction of the silica aerogel coating with five various concentrations. SEM, FTIR-ATR, surface roughness, surface energy, and BET analysis were used to observe and characterize the surface morphology, molecular interaction, surface changes, surface tension, and specific surface area of fabric samples or sorbents. Consequently, this study investigated the wettability, oil absorption capacity, oil retention capacity, and reusability of untreated and treated 3D WKSF sorbents. The outcomes exposed the excellent hydrophobic and oleophilic properties of all treated 3D WKSF sorbents, showing a greater water contact angle of 145.1 ± 0.42°, and an oil absorption and retention capacity of (7.87 ± 0.09 g/g and 7.53 ± 0.06 g/g) and (89.98 ± 0.79% and 92.48 ± 0.56%) for vegetable oil and engine oil, respectively, with notable reusability, most particularly for sorbent 5, due to the higher silica aerogel add-on %, pore diameter, and pore volume. The findings verified that the chemical composition and fabric structure played an important role in the tremendous hydrophobic and oleophilic behavior. The statistical study on specific surface area, pore diameter, pore volume, surface roughness, water contact angle, oil contact angle, oil absorption capacity, and oil retention capacity also revealed that treated fabrics performed significantly ( p < 0.05) in hydrophobic and oleophilic features at the 0.05 level. Hence, these fabrics can be used in industrial usages that need hydrophobic and oleophilic qualities.
Theorizing Human Resource Development Practices in Extended Contexts: Invited Reaction 1
Authors: Russ-Eft Darlene F.
Published: September 2022

This reaction begins with three positive aspects of the article: (a) effects of cultural differences on HRD interventions; (b) shaping and skilling as separate HRD outcomes, and (c) unlearning or deskilling as HRD outcomes. In terms of critique, Wang and Doty emphasize open and closed systems but fail to provide clear definitions. Indeed, some aspects of closed systems appear in Western or more “open” societies. Another issue, reducing usability of this work, involves the mathematical formulations. An HRD practitioner and emerging scholar living in China adds some critique, suggesting that China may be better characterized as a semi-closed system. Further, based on experience, positive outcomes can result from closed shaping and negative skilling-in a closed host institution system (HIS). Nevertheless, the manuscript can hopefully lead to some new explorations in HRD research and theory and potentially practitioner use.
VEP for VIP Care: Patient-Specific Modeling in Epilepsy Surgery
Authors: Englot Dario J.
Published: September 2022

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A Muddy Crystal Ball for Infantile-Onset Epilepsy Outcomes
Authors: Aungaroon Gewalin
Published: September 2022

[Box: see text]
A Modified Version of the Forgotten Joint Score–12 in Lower Limb Amputees: Validity and Reliability Study
Authors: Karakaş Gökhan , Özçadırcı Aykut , Topuz Semra
Published: September 2022

Adaptation to prosthesis is important for occupation, quality of life, and participation in social life, so it needs to be evaluated. The aim of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of the Forgotten Joint Score–12 (FJS-12) in lower limb amputees. The FJS-12 was applied to 80 amputees. Criterion-referenced validity was assessed using the activity restriction subparameter of Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scale (TAPES). The internal consistency of the FJS-12 was high (Cronbach’s α = .943). A statistically significant very good negative correlation was determined between the FJS-12 and the activity restriction subparameter of TAPES ( r = −.641; p < .001). The results of this study showed that FJS-12 is a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be used to assess the adaptation to prosthesis in amputees. Evaluation of prosthesis awareness in daily living activities of amputees is important in terms of establishing occupational therapy and rehabilitation programs.
Methodological Recommendations for Studies on the Daily Life Implementation of Implantable Communication-Brain–Computer Interfaces for Individuals With Locked-in Syndrome
Authors: Vansteensel Mariska J. , Branco Mariana P. , Leinders Sacha , Freudenburg Zac F. , Schippers Anouck , Geukes Simon H. , Gaytant Michael A. , Gosselaar Peter H. , Aarnoutse Erik J. , Ramsey Nick F.
Published: September 2022

Implantable brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) promise to be a viable means to restore communication in individuals with locked-in syndrome (LIS). In 2016, we presented the world-first fully implantable BCI system that uses subdural electrocorticography electrodes to record brain signals and a subcutaneous amplifier to transmit the signals to the outside world, and that enabled an individual with LIS to communicate via a tablet computer by selecting icons in spelling software. For future clinical implementation of implantable communication-BCIs, however, much work is still needed, for example, to validate these systems in daily life settings with more participants, and to improve the speed of communication. We believe the design and execution of future studies on these and other topics may benefit from the experience we have gained. Therefore, based on relevant literature and our own experiences, we here provide an overview of procedures, as well as recommendations, for recruitment, screening, inclusion, imaging, hospital admission, implantation, training, and support of participants with LIS, for studies on daily life implementation of implantable communication-BCIs. With this article, we not only aim to inform the BCI community about important topics of concern, but also hope to contribute to improved methodological standardization of implantable BCI research.
Inductive/Deductive Hybrid Thematic Analysis in Mixed Methods Research
Authors: Proudfoot Kevin
Published: September 2022

Inductive/deductive hybrid thematic analysis offers significant opportunities for researchers, but its application within integrative mixed methods research has yet to be fully explored. Firstly, this article contributes by demonstrating the compatibility of inductive/deductive hybrid thematic analysis with quantitative work in a mixed methods approach to research. Secondly, the article then innovates by highlighting the value of this approach within a critical realist meta-theoretical perspective. Here, the critical realist concepts of abduction and retroduction are crucial, both in terms of facilitating the convergence of methods and in the generation of new theory. This article will be of relevance to researchers interested in integrating inductive/deductive hybrid thematic analysis with quantitative methods within a coherent and enabling philosophical paradigm.
Role of Laser Pointer in Budgeting Fluoroscopy-Time and Radiation Exposure
Authors: Hong Tom , Hones Keegan M. , Ballard Brooke , Dell Paul C. , Wright Thomas W. , Matthias Robert C.
Published: September 2022

Background:

Literature on radiation exposure with use of the mini C-arm and value of having built-in laser guidance is limited. The purpose of this study was to determine whether laser guidance use on a mini C-arm fluoroscopy unit can reduce radiation exposure.

Methods:

Surgeons (N = 25) performed the same simulated surgical task, which involved obtaining “perfect circle” views of 2 cannulated screws placed into a cadaveric wrist, done with and without C-arm laser guidance. The testing order was randomized. Main outcomes were time to complete the task, number of shots required to complete the task, number of blank shots taken, radiation exposure, total dose area product (DAP), and total exposure time.

Results:

Laser guidance significantly reduced the percentage of surgeons who took blank shots, from 88% of the group without the laser to 12% of the group with the laser, and decreased the total average blank shots in the group from 3.5 to 0.1. While we found laser guidance led to shorter time to complete the task, decreased shots taken, and decreased exposure time and DAP, these findings only approached significance.

Conclusion:

While debate continues regarding whether mini or standard C-arm is safest, it is clear that decreasing the overall number of exposures limits potential adverse effects. Our study demonstrated that when using a mini C-arm, laser guidance decreases the number of exposures required to capture an image. These findings warrant a larger study to define the specific exposure savings and indicate potential benefit of mini C-arm use with laser guidance.
Endovascular treatment for M3 occlusions
Authors: Ozdemir Gokhan , Eren Alper , Aygul Recep , Eren Fettah , Kizildag Nazım , Kocaturk Idris , Mammadi Azer , Ersoy Ayse Nur , Korez Muslu Kazım
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Endovascular treatment (ET) is a beneficial treatment for M1–2 occlusions of the middle cerebral artery. Mortality and disability rates are high if large vessel occlusions are not treated. While these rates are lower in M3 occlusions, important branch blockages can lead to disability. Endovascular treatment of small vessel occlusions is difficult, and there are no studies on the effectiveness of endovascular treatment for M3 occlusions. Accordingly, in this study, our aim was to assess the feasibility, safety, and preliminary efficacy of endovascular therapy for M3 occlusions.

Methods

This study involved a retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected from two centres for acute ischemic stroke of the anterior system between July 2015 and April 2020. Demographic, radiologic, procedural and outcome variables were collected for patients who underwent endovascular therapy for acute ischemic stroke of the anterior system.

Results

Complete or near complete reperfusion (mTICI 2b-3) of the M3 occlusion was achieved in 15 cases (38.5%). Complete (mTICI 3) reperfusion was achieved in 24 cases (61.5%). Twenty-six patients were treated for primary M3 occlusion, while 13 patients with M3 occlusion were treated as a rescue strategy after successful treatment of a proximal greater vascular occlusion. Complete or near complete reperfusion (mTICI 2b-3) of primary occlusion was achieved in eight cases (30.8%), and complete (mTICI 3) reperfusion was achieved in 18 cases (69.2%). In addition, complete or near complete reperfusion (mTICI 2b-3) of rescue M3 occlusion was achieved in seven cases (%53.8), while complete (mTICI 3) reperfusion was achieved in six cases (46.2%). Only one patient with primary M3 occlusion had ICH due to extravasation. The patient's neurological examination one month later was normal.

Conclusions

This retrospective study demonstrates that endovascular treatment of M3 occlusions is safe, effective and reliable.
Differences in beginner and expert neurointerventionalists” heart rate variability during simulated neuroangiographies
Authors: Hinzmann Dominik , Singer Maximilian , Schmelter Valerie , Kreiser Kornelia , Gehling Kim , Ströber Lea , Kirschke Jan S , Schulz Christian M , Schneider Frederick
Published: September 2022

Background

Likewise work experience, heart rate variability (HRV) has repeatedly been correlated with improved performance under real life and simulator conditions. Using HRV as a correlate of workload, it is meaningful to assess the impact of work experience. To understand the impact of work experience on HRV metrics, we examined differences in HRV among experts and beginners during simulated endovascular neuroradiological procedures.

Methods

Six inexperienced radiologists (beginners) and five experts in neurological endovascular intervention each performed 10 diagnostic angiographies on a Vascular Interventional System Trainer (VIST) simulator (Mentice AB, SW). Beyond total time, fluoroscopy time, and amount of contrast medium used, heart rate variability and the NASA-task load index were gathered as correlates of workload. The t-Test for independent samples as well as Mann-Whitney-U tests were applied for group-wise comparison between beginners and experts. Multivariate regression was used to assess the influence of age and expert status.

Results

Ten participants completed all scenarios; one participant only completed the first five scenarios. Accordingly, 105 simulations were analyzed (beginners N = 60; experts N = 45, respectively). The heart rate variability of experts and beginners significantly differed in three time domain HRV metrics (decreased RMSSD, NN50, pNN50 in experts; all p < 0.05) as well as with respect to its distribution in the frequency spectrum (LF/HF ratio; p < 0.001, increased high frequency components in experts).

Conclusions

The HRV of beginners and expert neurointerventionalists significantly differed during simulated endovascular neuroradiological procedures. Experts presented decreased HRV, this could be a cardiovascular surrogate to the effort the subjects expend on their performance. It is in line with previous studies on vagal influences on the heart and cognitive-executive performance.
The influence of time structure on number prediction motion
Authors: Qin Kuiyuan , Liu Yu , Li Ying , Li Yuan , You Xuqun
Published: September 2022

Time structure refers to the ratio of time spent moving during visible segments and occluded segments in position prediction motion (PM) tasks. Recent research has found that an equal time structure can improve performance in position prediction motion tasks. However, there is no research to explore the influence of time structure on the number PM task. In three behavioural experiments, this study explored whether an equal time structure improved number prediction motion performance, as it did in position tasks. The results demonstrated that an equal time structure could improve participant performance in the number prediction motion task (Experiment 1). However, equal time structures did not improve task performance when the numbers before the transition number were presented regularly one by one (Experiment 2). Experiment 3 showed that participants could actively take advantage of equal time information when the numbers before the transition number were presented irregularly. These findings demonstrated that when the number sequence was not presented in order, people could use the time structure heuristics to estimate completion time estimates (CTEs). People could sub-vocally count through mental number space when the number sequence was presented in order.
The calculation of player speed from tracking data
Authors: Wu Lucas Y , Swartz Tim B
Published: September 2022

This short communication considers the calculation of player speed from tracking data. Whereas there are many player tracking systems, all rely on the collection of Cartesian coordinates corresponding to the players on the pitch. From these Cartesian coordinates, there are many ways that one could approximate player speed and acceleration. We introduce some simple principles from exploratory data analysis, which help yield more reliable speed calculations. The general principles are illustrated on various player tracking systems.
Influence of different railway lines on wheel damage of high-speed trains: Data-driven modelling and prediction
Authors: Zeng Yuanchen , Song Dongli , Zhang Weihua , Chen Boqing
Published: September 2022

Wheel damage of high-speed trains has received great attention since it is detrimental to safety and reliability and consumes huge maintenance costs. However, the mixed operation mode of electric multiple units (EMUs) in China induces great challenges in distinguishing the influence of different railway lines on wheel damage. This paper develops a data-driven approach to quantify the influence of different railway lines on wheel damage and further applies it to damage risk prediction. First, under several fundamental assumptions, linear discriminant analysis and the proposed data padding strategy are used to quantify the influence on wheel damage due to per unit mileage of running on each railway section. The result shows that the influence on wheel damage varies significantly for different railway sections. Then, a route-based predictor is defined to represent the cumulative influence of an EMU’s routes on its wheel damage. Further, a wheel damage prediction model is developed based on a support vector machine using the route-based predictor and three other predictors from the operational data. Validation and test results demonstrate that the actual damage rate is higher for wheelsets predicted with higher damage probabilities. The proposed methodology has the potential to be applied to the risk-based operation and maintenance of high-speed trains.
De(a)fining consent: Exploring nuances of offering and receiving sexual consent among Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing people
Authors: Letico Vanessa , Iliadis Mary , Walters Reece
Published: September 2022

Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing persons may rely upon non-verbal modes of communication to convey and attain sexual consent. However, this may increase the risk of inaccurate interpretation, sexual miscommunication and potentially, harm. Through an analysis of four online Reddit and Quora discussion threads, this article examines how sexual communication is being negotiated and adapted where at least one party is Deaf or Hard-of-Hearing to better ensure free and voluntary consent. This article offers insights into how sign, touch, lipreading, sound, light and body movement can be expressed as mutually understood cues in clarifying and communicating sexual consent. The importance of clearly understood consent before and during sexual intimacy is increasingly relevant for respectful relationships, education policies and legal frameworks.
Effect of Obesity on Patient-Perceived Outcomes After First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Arthrodesis
Authors: Webb Alex R. , Manz Wesley J. , Fuqua Andrew , Coleman Michelle M. , Bariteau Jason T. , Kadakia Rishin J.
Published: September 2022

Background:

While first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) arthrodesis is a common and effective procedure, there is a paucity of studies examining obesity’s effect on outcomes of 1st MTPJ arthrodesis. This study’s purpose was to evaluate patient-reported outcomes following 1st MTPJ arthrodesis in obese versus non-obese patients.

Methods:

A retrospective cohort study of 94 patients undergoing first MTPJ fusion over the age of 18 with a diagnosis of hallux valgus or hallux rigidus was performed. Surgical and postoperative outcomes were examined preoperatively and at 6 and 12 months follow-up via Visual Analog Pain scale (VAS), and Short Form 36 (SF-36) surveys, and data were stratified into 2 patient groups: BMI < 30 (n = 62, mean age 63.9 ± 9.1 and ≥ 30 (n = 32, mean age 61.9 ± 8.4).

Results:

Average overall VAS and SF-36 physical component scores improved significantly at 6 months ( P < .001, .006) and 1 year postoperative visits ( P < .001, .007) with no differences in survey scores, outcomes, or complications between weight groups.

Conclusion:

Our study showed first MTPJ fusion improves short-term pain and physical quality-of-life in arthritic obese and non-obese patients without differences in nonunion, complications, or patient-reported measures.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, Prognostic, Case-Control Study