bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of individual and common wavelength-operation for 785  nm Y-branch DBR ridge waveguide diode lasers with adjustable spectral distance
Authors: Theurer Lara Sophie , Sumpf Bernd , Maiwald Martin , Müller André , Fricke Jörg , Ressel Peter , Knigge Andrea , Tränkle Günther
Published: May 2022

An experimental comparison between individual and common wavelength-operation of a Y-branch distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) ridge waveguide (RW) laser at 785 nm with an electrically adjustable spectral distance is presented. The dual-wavelength Y-branch laser combines two laser cavities via a Y-section to a common output section. DBR gratings with different grating periods are associated with the two cavities, which set the emission wavelengths of the two branches. Implemented resistive heater elements allow separate wavelength tuning of the two branches, which can be operated individually for alternating emission wavelengths in applications such as differential absorption spectroscopy or shifted excitation Raman difference spectroscopy. Common wavelength operation simultaneously generates two emission lines suitable for the generation of THz radiation using difference frequency mixing. Hereby, the devices could potentially be used as single-chip light sources for a combination of Raman and THz applications. For the wavelength-operation comparison presented, the devices were operated up to optical output powers of about 105 and 185 mW in individual and common wavelength-operation mode, respectively. In individual operation mode, the devices show spectral single-mode emission over the whole operation range. In common operation mode, the spectral emission is predominantly single mode up to an optical output power of 65 mW. In both operation modes, mode hops typical for DBR lasers occur. At an optical output power of 50 mW, tuning of the spectral distance between the two wavelengths using the implemented resistor heaters is demonstrated. In both modes of wavelength operation, a flexible frequency difference between 0 and 0.8 THz (0 and 1.6 nm) with predominantly single-mode spectral emission is obtained.
General model of counterpropagating continuous-variable entangled states in lossy waveguides
Authors: Seifoory Hossein , Dignam Marc M.
Published: May 2022

We present a general theoretical approach to model an integrated source of counterpropagating continuous-variable entangled states in lossy waveguides pumped by a classical pulsed source incident from above the waveguide. We use a backward Heisenberg approach to model the generation of the entangled state and then solve the adjoint master equation to model the propagation of the state in the lossy waveguide. We employ a numerical method to implement the Schmidt decomposition method for the biphoton wave function rather than pursuing analytical methods. This approach allows us to model a wide variety of waveguide systems and pump configurations. We apply our model to the nonlinear generation and propagation of continuous-variable entangled states in a coupled resonator optical waveguide under a variety of different pump conditions and derive the optimal pumping conditions for our system.
Advanced beam shaping for laser materials processing based on diffractive neural networks
Authors: Buske Paul , Völl Annika , Eisebitt Moritz , Stollenwerk Jochen , Holly Carlo
Published: May 2022

We propose a method based on neural network training algorithms for the design of diffractive neural networks - with the aim to perform advanced laser beam shaping in the NIR/VIS spectrum for laser materials processing. The method enables the efficient design of systems including multiple cascaded diffractive optical elements (DOEs) and allows the simultaneous optimization for complex (intensity and phase) target field distributions in multiple target planes. The multi-target boundary condition in the optimization method offers great potential for advanced laser beam shaping.
Independent dual-single-sideband QPSK signal detection based on a single photodetector
Authors: Zhao Lun , Guo Hanlong , Liu Yejun , Xiao Jiahui , Wu Tingwei , Song Song , Guo Lei
Published: May 2022

The two sidebands of the independent dual-single-sideband (dual-SSB) signal can carry different information to achieve higher spectral efficiency. However, the two sidebands of the independent dual-SSB vector signal are received independently. Generally, the receiver divides the signal into two channels. For each channel, we use an optical bandpass filter (OBPF) to select the left sideband (LSB) or right sideband (RSB), respectively. Then a photodetector (PD) is used for photoelectric conversion, followed by subsequent digital signal processing (DSP). To reduce the complexity and cost of the receiver, we propose a new independent dual-SSB vector signal detection scheme based on a single PD combined with conventional DSP. An electric bandpass filter (EBPF) filters out high-frequency components after photoelectric conversion, and then the signal is quadrature demodulated and processed by the DSP algorithm. The LSB and RSB are quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) modulated with an initial phase difference of π/4. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme performs better bit error rate (BER). For back-to-back (BTB) transmission, the BER of 2-Gbaud independent dual-SSB vector signal (1-Gbuad RSB and 1-Gbaud LSB) can reach the hard-decision forward error correction (HD-FEC) threshold of 3.8 × 10−3 when the input optical power into PD is −20 dBm. For 1-km and 2-km weak turbulence free-space optical (FSO) channel transmission, the BER of 2-Gbaud independent dual-SSB vector signal can reach the HD-FEC threshold when the input optical power into PD is −18.8 and −17 dBm, respectively. For 1-km weak turbulence FSO channel transmission, the BER of 4-, 8-, and 16-Gbuad independent dual-SSB vector signal can reach the HD-FEC threshold when the input optical power into PD is −17.8, −16, and −15 dBm, respectively.
Interferometric radius of curvature measurements: an environmental error treatment
Authors: Beisswanger R. , Weckerle M. , Pruss C. , Reichelt S.
Published: May 2022

Interferometric determination of sphere radii is a well known technique. To keep accuracy high and uncertainties low, a precisely controlled environment is usually necessary. Environmental changes in temperature lead to time dependent drift in important measurement parameters and to disturbed results. We present a method to minimize time dependent drift to the first order. With this method, it is either possible to reduce the uncertainties further, or to relax environmental conditions and still be able to accomplish high precision measurements. We discuss two typical measurement configurations, the associated benefits and drawbacks and some relevant error sources.
Tailorable stimulated Brillouin scattering in a partially suspended aluminium nitride waveguide in the visible range
Authors: Li Peng , Ou Jun-Yu , Mashanovich Goran Z. , Yan Jize
Published: May 2022

Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) has been widely applied in narrow line-width laser, microwave filters, optical gyroscopes, and other fields. However, most research is limited within near-infrared to mid-infrared range. This is due to the limited transparent window in most materials, such as silicon and germanium. Aluminium nitride (AlN) is a novel III-V material with a wide transparent window from 200 nm and an appropriate refractive index to confine the light. In this paper, we first validate the full-vectorial formalism to calculate SBS gain based on the measured results from a silicon platform. Compared to previous research, our model achieves higher accuracy in terms of frequency, Q factor, as well as Brillouin gain coefficient without modifying the waveguide width. It also reveals the importance of matching rotation matrix and crystalline coordinate system. Then, we investigate the SBS in a partially suspended AlN waveguide at 450 nm based on the validated method. It shows a wide tunability in frequency from 16 GHz to 32 GHz for forward SBS and a range from 42 GHz to 49 GHz for backward SBS. We numerically obtain the value of Brillouin gain of 1311 W−1m−1 when Q factor is dominated by anchor loss for forward SBS of transverse electric mode. We also find out that in the case for forward SBS of transverse-magnetic mode, anchor loss could be greatly suppressed when the node point of the selected acoustic mode matches with the position of pillar anchor. Our findings, to the best of our knowledge, pave a new way to obtain Brillouin-related applications in integrated photonic circuit within the visible range.
Focal shifts in thin film filters for MUX/DEMUXs
Authors: Tanaka Masato , Yamada Eiichiro , Tazawa Hidehisa
Published: May 2022

Optical properties of thin film filters (TFFs) are investigated for the design of multiplexer/demultiplexers (MUX/DEMUXs) in a zigzag configuration. Focal shifts are observed in reflection and transmission of the TFFs, and the focal shifts in reflection can be explained by reflection and refraction effects of the curved surfaces of the TFFs, while the focal shifts in transmission are significantly larger than those by the refraction effects of the curved surfaces. The focal lengths are calculated using a transmission model of TFFs, and it is confirmed that they are equal to the focal lengths obtained from the transmission loss trends.
Temporal super-resolution high-speed holographic video recording based on switching reference lights and angular multiplexing in off-axis digital holography
Authors: Anzai Wataru , Kakue Takashi , Shimobaba Tomoyoshi , Ito Tomoyoshi
Published: May 2022

We develop a temporal super-resolution high-speed holographic video recording method based on the angular multiplexing in off-axis digital holography that can achieve an acquisition rate greater than the frame rate of image sensors. We realize a high-speed switching of reference lights with different incident angles using two acousto-optic modulators. We successfully double the frame rate of the hologram recording using a rotating circular protractor and demonstrate its practical application in compressed gas flow injection; we achieve a frame rate of 175,000 fps using a high-speed image sensor triggered at 87,500 Hz.
Photonics-enabled distributed MIMO radar for high-resolution 3D imaging
Authors: Dong Jingwen , Sun Qiang , Jiao Zekun , Zhang Liqi , Yin Ziqiang , Huang Jiajie , Yu Jinghan , Wang Shu , Li Shangyuan , Zheng Xiaoping , Li Wangzhe
Published: May 2022

Three-dimensional (3D) imaging radar is an advanced sensor applied in space surveillance and target recognition for supplying 3D geometric features and supporting visualization. However, high 3D resolution requires both broadband operation and a large 2D aperture, which are difficult and complex for conventional radars. This paper presents a photonics-enabled distributed multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) radar with a centralized architecture. By use of photonic multi-dimensional multiplexing, multi-channel signal generation and reception are implemented on a shared reference signal in a central office, enabling a highly coherent network with a simple structure. Additionally, a sparse array and a synthetic aperture are combined to efficiently reduce the required transceivers, further weakening the dilemma between system complexity and angular resolution. A

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MIMO radar is established and evaluated in field tests. A high-resolution 3D image of a non-cooperative aircraft is obtained, in which rich details are displayed. From a comparison with electronics-based radar, significant resolution improvement is observed. The results verify the superior imaging capability and practicability of the proposed radar and its great potential to outperform conventional technologies in target classification and recognition applications.
Transforming workplaces into performing workspaces—Holistic evaluation concept for managing workspace change projects
Authors: Kämpf-Dern Annette , Will-Zocholl Mascha
Published: May 2022

Transforming traditional workplaces into high-performing workspaces is a complex venture, not only in terms of design and preparation, but also in terms of implementation and management with regard to the realization of the intended goals. To be successful, holistic management is essential.

Starting with the definition of goals and performance metrics, evaluation must be established from the very beginning and then continuously be applied to the project.

The evaluation concept—like a controlling system, only with workspace-specific aspects and KPIs—covers two areas: The main dimensions of workspace design with the involved stakeholders and their performance parameters, and the processes of implementation, the change management aspects. The interaction of these areas must also be considered.

The overall study discusses both success factors and potential pitfalls regarding the content and processes of designing and implementing modern office work environments in Germany. The study excerpt presented here addresses the evaluation of transformation projects in the field of working environments. Conceptually, instruments of marketing research are combined with components of controlling systems to develop an evaluation concept, which was then applied in a first empirical concept test at a German financial institution.

An evaluation concept supports those responsible for the workspace project to keep on track by deducting and tracking relevant KPIs, offering tools and methods for group and team processes regarding the change project, and providing those.

To combine design and change management of workspace projects in one evaluation concept and to provide a structured list of possible instruments/methods for evaluation over the different phases of such a project is new and thus original for workspace management.
A novel class of antimicrobial drugs selectively targets a Mycobacterium tuberculosis PE-PGRS protein
Authors: Seo Hoonhee , Kim Sukyung , Mahmud Hafij Al , Islam Md Imtiazul , Yoon Youjin , Cho Hyun-Deuk , Nam Kung-Woo , Choi Jiwon , Gil Young Sig , Lee Byung-Eui , Song Ho-Yeon
Published: May 2022

The continued spread of drug-resistant tuberculosis is one of the most pressing and complex challenges facing tuberculosis management worldwide. Therefore, developing a new class of drugs is necessary and urgently needed to cope with the increasing threat of drug-resistant tuberculosis. This study aims to discover a potential new class of tuberculosis drug candidates different from existing tuberculosis drugs. By screening a library of compounds, methyl (S)-1-((3-alkoxy-6,7-dimethoxyphenanthren-9-yl)methyl)-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxylate (PP) derivatives with antitubercular activity were discovered. MIC ranges for PP1S, PP2S, and PP3S against clinically isolated drug-resistantMycobacterium tuberculosisstrains were 0.78 to 3.13, 0.19 to 1.56, and 0.78 to 6.25 μg/ml, respectively. PPs demonstrated antitubercular activities in macrophage and tuberculosis mouse models, showing no detectable toxicity in all assays tested. PPs specifically inhibitedM.tuberculosiswithout significantly changing the intestinal microbiome in mice. Mutants selected in vitro suggest that the drug targets the PE-PGRS57, which has been found only in the genomes of theM.tuberculosiscomplex, highlighting the specificity and safety potency of this compound. As PPs show an excellent safety profile and highly selective toxicity specific toM.tuberculosis, PPs are considered a promising new candidate for the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis while maintaining microbiome homeostasis.
Probing behavior of the corn leafhopper Dalbulus maidis on susceptible and resistant maize hybrids
Authors: Carpane Pablo , Catalano María Inés
Published: May 2022

The corn leafhopperDalbulus maidisis the main vector of the pathogens that cause corn stunt, a major disease of maize in the Americas. In line with plant resistance being an efficient tool to control diseases, the findings of a previous work showed that some corn hybrids are resistant toD.maidis. In this work, we assessed the probing behavior ofD.maidison susceptible and resistant corn hybrids using EPG (Electrical Penetration Graph) technology. Feeding of fifteen-day-old, non-inoculative females was recorded for 20 hours, with access to hybrids DK390, DK670, DK79-10, and DK72-10. Compared to the susceptible hybrid DK670, the other hybrids shiftedD.maidisprobing behavior in a way consistent with plant resistance to insects. This shift consisted of a higher number of probes of short duration, difficulties in attaining phloem ingestion and increase in xylem ingestion. In addition to this common shift in probing behavior, a phloem-located resistance factor was inferred in DK72-10 based on the longer time spent in phloem conditioning to attain phloem ingestion. In contrast, DK390 expressed the highest level of mesophyll and phloem-based resistance, in both cases seen with repeated attempts of short duration, a behavior typically associated with failed attempts to ingest. These findings support and are consistent with previous research, providing useful information to characterize maize hybrids resistant toD.maidis, and consequently to corn stunt.
RadStat: An open-source statistical analysis tool for counts obtained by a GM counter
Authors: Shahmohammadi Beni Mehrdad , Watabe Hiroshi , Kwan Wing Sum , Islam M. Rafiqul , Yu Kwan Ngok
Published: May 2022

The interaction of ionizing radiation with matter is a stochastic process and statistical analysis of such a process would be a crucial step in understanding radioactivity. Geiger–Müller (GM) counter is a widely used radiation detector used in nuclear radiation surveying, which produces counts upon exposure to a radioactive source. There are a variety of multi-purpose software that can be used to perform statistical analysis of measured counts from a GM counter. However, statistical analysis is a lengthy, error prone and time-consuming process, which gets more tedious when the number of measurements increases. In the present work, we have developed an open-source and easy-to-use graphical user interface (GUI) computer program named RadStat for statistical analysis of counts measured by a GM counter. RadStat has its own scripting syntaxes and bundled with gnuplot for quick visualization of output results. We believe the present open-source GUI program would be a useful tool for research and teaching of nuclear radiation physics.
Predicting human decision making in psychological tasks with recurrent neural networks
Authors: Lin Baihan , Bouneffouf Djallel , Cecchi Guillermo
Published: May 2022

Unlike traditional time series, the action sequences of human decision making usually involve many cognitive processes such as beliefs, desires, intentions, and theory of mind, i.e., what others are thinking. This makes predicting human decision-making challenging to be treated agnostically to the underlying psychological mechanisms. We propose here to use a recurrent neural network architecture based on long short-term memory networks (LSTM) to predict the time series of the actions taken by human subjects engaged in gaming activity, the first application of such methods in this research domain. In this study, we collate the human data from 8 published literature of the Iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma comprising 168,386 individual decisions and post-process them into 8,257 behavioral trajectories of 9 actions each for both players. Similarly, we collate 617 trajectories of 95 actions from 10 different published studies of Iowa Gambling Task experiments with healthy human subjects. We train our prediction networks on the behavioral data and demonstrate a clear advantage over the state-of-the-art methods in predicting human decision-making trajectories in both the single-agent scenario of the Iowa Gambling Task and the multi-agent scenario of the Iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma. Moreover, we observe that the weights of the LSTM networks modeling the top performers tend to have a wider distribution compared to poor performers, as well as a larger bias, which suggest possible interpretations for the distribution of strategies adopted by each group.
PlaceWaters: Real-time, explicit interface water sampling during Rosetta ligand docking
Authors: Smith Shannon T. , Shub Laura , Meiler Jens
Published: May 2022

Water molecules at the protein-small molecule interface often form hydrogen bonds with both the small molecule ligand and the protein, affecting the structural integrity and energetics of a binding event. The inclusion of these ‘bridging waters’ has been shown to improve the accuracy of predicted docked structures; however, due to increased computational costs, this step is typically omitted in ligand docking simulations. In this study, we introduce a resource-efficient, Rosetta-based protocol named “PlaceWaters” to predict the location of explicit interface bridging waters during a ligand docking simulation. In contrast to other explicit water methods, this protocol is independent of knowledge of number and location of crystallographic waters in homologous structures. We test this method on a diverse protein-small molecule benchmark set in comparison to other Rosetta-based protocols. Our results suggest that this coarse-grained, structure-based approach quickly and accurately predicts the location of bridging waters, improving our ability to computationally screen drug candidates.
How threats inform conservation planning—A systematic review protocol
Authors: Virtanen Elina A. , Söderholm Maria , Moilanen Atte
Published: May 2022

Conservation planning addresses the development and expansion of protected areas and requires data on for instance species, habitats, and biodiversity. Data on threats is often minimal, although necessary in conservation planning. In principle, threats should guide which conservation actions to take and where, and how to allocate resources. The lack of threat information may also limit the validity of areas to be conserved, if the condition of areas is degraded by threats unknown. The protocol described here outlines the methodology for a systematic review to explore how threats are theoretically and methodologically understood and used in conservation plans across freshwater, marine and terrestrial environments. Our primary research question is: how have threats informed conservation planning? Studies will be categorized according to the types of threats and conservation features used, theoretical and methodological approaches applied, geographical context, and biome. The results are expected to increase our understanding about how threats can and should be addressed in conservation planning.
The subconscious impact of line orientations in background images on memory of Chinese written characters
Authors: Huang Yanqun , Zhang Yi , Li Xu , Zhang Jie , Wang Yuzhen
Published: May 2022

Oriented lines impact human cognition subconsciously. This study aimed to determine whether line orientations in the background of Chinese written characters influenced individual’s memory and emotion. Five pictures with Chinese characters as experimental material, in which four had equidistant parallel lines (0°, -45°, 90°, and +45°) as background and the other one had a blank background, were presented on a personal computer screen, for 15 seconds each, to 94 participants. The participants were then given 45 seconds to write down what they had just memorized. Participants’ emotion was identified by their Heart Rate Variability (HRV) simultaneously during the viewing process. The results showed that vertical (90°) and 45° leftward leaning lines (-45°) did not weaken users’ memory, and no significant difference in memory was found between these two states and the blank background, while horizontal (0°) and 45° rightward leaning lines (+45°) weakened the memory effect significantly. Overall, memory decreased in the condition of horizontally lined background while no influence in vertically lined background condition; and it showed asymmetry under leftward and rightward leaning line conditions: memory decreased in rightward leaning lined background while no influence in leftward lined background. Moreover, the results of emotion and memory showed negative similar trend. These findings provide practical suggestions for visual information design.
Characterization of canavanine-resistance of cat1 and vhc1 deletions and a dominant any1 mutation in fission yeast
Authors: Ait Saada Anissia , Costa Alex B. , Lobachev Kirill S.
Published: May 2022

Positive and counter-selectable markers have been successfully integrated as a part of numerous genetic assays in many model organisms. In this study, we investigate the mechanism of resistance to arginine analog canavanine and its applicability for genetic selection inSchizosaccharomyces pombe. Deletion of both the arginine permease genecat1andSPBC18H10.16/vhc1(formerly mistakenly calledcan1) provides strong drug resistance, while the singleSPBC18H10.16/vhc1deletion does not have an impact on canavanine resistance. Surprisingly, the widely usedcan1-1allele does not encode for a defective arginine permease but rather corresponds to theany1-523C>Tallele. The strong canavanine-resistance conferred by this allele arises from an inability to deposit basic amino acid transporters on the cellular membrane.any1-523C>Tleads to reduced post-translational modifications of Any1 regulated by the Tor2 kinase. We also demonstrate thatany1-523C>Tis a dominate allele. Our results uncover the mechanisms of canavanine-resistance in fission yeast and open the opportunity of usingcat1,vhc1andany1mutant alleles in genetic assays.
La tartamudez en el cine
Authors: Mejías Martínez Guillermo , Mangano Martínez Marta
Published: May 2022

La imagen que el séptimo arte ofrece sobre la discapacidad es fundamental en la percepción colectiva que se tiene de la misma En este trabajo se estudia, en forma de análisis textual, dos películas que abordan la discapacidad de la tartamudez y a cuyas producciones las separan veintidós años de diferencia: Un pez llamado Wanda (A Fish Called Wanda, Charles Crichton, 1988) y El discurso del rey (The King’s Speech, Tom Hooper, 2010). Ambas producciones son fundamentales para entender cómo en las últimas décadas la representación del colectivo de las personas con tartamudez en el cine ha cambiado. Para ello se comenzará con una exposición de los principales trabajos sobre qué es la tartamudez, seguido del impacto del estigma asociada a ella que genera en sus afectados, prosiguiendo con el análisis textual de ambas piezas para finalmente discutir y concluir qué ha supuesto para las personas tartamudas este cambio en el imaginario colectivo, poniendo de manifiesto los beneficios en materia de inclusión social y dignificación en la sociedad de una representación realista y correcta de la discapacidad de la tartamudez en el medio cinematográfico.
Publicidad de alimentos ultra procesados en youtubers preescolares durante la COVID-19
Authors: López Bolás Alba , Feijoo Fernández Beatriz , Fernández Gómez Erika
Published: May 2022

En crisis sanitarias como la de la COVID-19, en la que aumenta el consumo de YouTube por parte de la audiencia preescolar y empeoran sus hábitos alimenticios, resulta primordial mantener un mayor control de la publicidad que consume este público en esta red social. Este artículo tiene como propósito identificar y analizar la publicidad de marcas de alimentos ultraprocesados emitida por los populares youtubers infantiles Vlad y Niki durante el estado de alarma por la COVID-19. Se realizó un análisis de contenido de 802 marcas detectadas en 249 vídeos publicados en el canal en español desde su apertura (diciembre de 2018) hasta enero de 2021. Se encontró que durante la COVID-19 los youtubers promocionaron un mayor número de marcas de alimentos ultraprocesados sin revelar el vínculo con el anunciante en un lugar visible y comprensible, y que expresaron emociones positivas al consumirlos.  Esto pone en riesgo la salud del colectivo al constatar en estudios previos que existe una relación entre este tipo de publicidad y la obesidad infantil.
La televisión en la era de Internet
Authors: Fernández García Jose
Published: May 2022

Reseña de la publicación.
Cine de realidad aumentada: Reformulación del aparato cinematográfico
Authors: Martínez-Cano Francisco-Julián , López-Agulló Pérez-Caballero José-Manuel , Hernández-Martínez Eva
Published: May 2022

La aparición de las tecnologías inmersivas y el registro de la imagen volumétrica están dando lugar a innovadoras producciones de ficción audiovisual de realidad aumentada (RA). Atendiendo a esta reformulación del dispositivo narrativo audiovisual, tratamos de profundizar en aquellas cuestiones clave sobre el aparato cinematográfico. Desde una perspectiva cualitativa, se realizó una primera fase de revisión bibliográfica a la que siguió un estudio de caso del filme volumétrico de realidad aumentada A Jester´s Tale (Malik, 2019), estructurado en dos bloques. El primero de entrevistas semiestructuradas al autor y el segundo de análisis de la obra objeto de estudio a través de un modelo propio. Se demuestra la reconfiguración del aparato cinematográfico en el contexto de la RA, descomponiéndose en cinco capas. Además, es notoria la diferencia en cuanto a su producción y consumo respecto a los procedimientos del cine convencional, donde la capa de interactividad cobra especial relevancia. Se observa, también, una estrategia de fracturación de la focalización del relato, que genera dos tipos de espectador, el que es interpelado e interactúa y el espectador invisible. Finalmente, se identifica la narrativa como tecnología primera en tensión interna con las derivas tecnológicas del dispositivo audiovisual.
The origin and language-like evolutionary behavior of proteins and translation
Authors: Caetano-Anolles Gustavo , Aziz M. Fayez , Mughal Fizza , Caetano-Anolles Derek
Published: May 2022

While the origin and early evolution of proteins and their biosynthetic mechanisms remain mysterious, advances in evolutionary genomics and systems biology are facilitating the historical exploration of the structure, function and organization of proteins and proteomes. Here we describe how chronologies and networks provide a window into the past and untangle the emergence of proteins, the development of the biosynthetic apparatus, and a language behind translation and ribosomal growth.
Modelagem de Papel e Saúde da Mulher: O Estado da Arte / Paper Modeling and Women's Health: The State of the Art
Authors: Costa Ivelise Fhrideriad Alves Furtado da , Silva Maria Victória Alves Gomes da , Souza Ana Raquel Silva , Jerônimo Jarda Eduarda Mendes , Oliveira Regina Célia De , Baptista Rosilene Santos
Published: May 2022

Resumo: O enfermeiro consiste no principal vínculo para adaptação do paciente à sua condição de saúde. A partir de observações, ações e esclarecimentos do primeiro, o segundo pode compreender o que afeta o seu estado de saúde, adotar práticas ou manejar a nova condição e, até mesmo, realizar o autocuidado. A teoria da modelagem de papel elaborada por Helen Erickson, Evelyn Tomlin e Mary Swain retrata a interação enfermeiro-paciente e o cuidar como instrumento para a adaptação a situação de saúde. Com o objetivo de conhecer a produção científica que aplica a mesma na atenção à saúde da mulher. Efetuou-se um estudo de revisão integrativa de produções publicadas entre 1998 e 2016, em periódicos internacionais, nos idiomas inglês, espanhol e português, utilizando-se as plataformas BVS Enfermagem, PubMed e Scopus. Dentre os artigos encontrados, foram selecionados para análise quatro que abordavam a atenção à saúde da mulher e o uso da teoria. Observou-se a flexibilidade de adoção da mesma em estudos de assistência à saúde da parturiente, da dependente química, além da prevenção de agravos à saúde da mulher. Percebe-se a utilidade da modelagem de papel e o seu potencial para ensino e pesquisa promovendo autoeficácia na saúde da mulher.Palavras-chave: Modelagem de Papel. Enfermagem. Mulher.Abstract: The nurse is the main link for the patient's adaptation to his health condition. Based on observations, actions and clarifications from the former, the latter can understand what affects their health status, adopt practices or manage the new condition, and even perform self-care. The role modeling theory developed by Helen Erickson, Evelyn Tomlin and Mary Swain portrays the nurse-patient interaction and caring as an instrument for adapting to the health situation. With the objective of knowing the scientific production that applies it in women's health care. An integrative review study was carried out on productions published between 1998 and 2016, in international journals, in English, Spanish and Portuguese, using the VHL Nursing, PubMed and Scopus platforms. Among the articles found, four were selected for analysis that addressed women's health care and the use of theory. It was observed the flexibility of adoption of the same in studies of assistance to the health of the parturient, of the chemical dependent, in addition to the prevention of diseases to the women's health. The usefulness of paper modeling and its potential for teaching and research promoting self-efficacy in women's health can be seen.Keywords: Paper Modeling. Nursing. Women.
Alfabetização e Letramento: Concepções e práticas pedagógicas no âmbito escolar / Literacy And Initial Reading Instruction: Conceptions and Pedagogical Practices in the School Environment
Authors: Santos Silvia Alexandre Moura , Miguel Joelson Rodrigues
Published: May 2022

Resumo: A presente pesquisa aborda a temática sobre Alfabetização e Letramento: Concepções e práticas pedagógicas no âmbito escolar. Contextualiza e enfatiza como o docente vem trabalhando as práticas pedagógicas no processo de ensino aprendizagem referente à alfabetização no ensino fundamental I das escolas da rede pública municipal da cidade de Miraíma/CE. A amostra não probabilística, contou com 24 professores que atuam no ensino fundamental I da rede municipal de ensino, 04 gestores e 04 coordenadores pedagógicos, que atuam, respectivamente, na zona urbana e rural do referido município. Seu aporte teórico foi construído na perspectiva dos autores:  Freire (1981;1983); Ferreiro (2013); Dowing, 1990) e Soares (2017), dentre outros. Os resultados expressaram que existe, em certa medida, uma visão conjunta em relação à importância de se adotar práticas pedagógicas mais lúdicas e interativas. Entretanto, alguns obstáculos e dificuldades foram mencionados, especialmente no tocante à participação dos pais no processo de educação dos filhos e o acesso a materiais pedagógicos variados na escola. Palavras-chave: Ensino. Aprendizagem. Práticas pedagógicas. Formação. Abstract: This research addresses the issue of literacy and initial reading instruction: Conceptions and pedagogical practices in the school environment. It contextualizes and emphasizes how the teacher has been working with pedagogical practices in the teaching-learning process regarding literacy in elementary school I of municipal public schools in the city of Miraíma/CE. The non-probabilistic sample had 24 teachers who work in elementary school I of the municipal school system, 04 managers and 04 pedagogical coordinators, who work, respectively, in the urban and rural areas of that municipality. Its theoretical contribution was built from the perspective of the authors: Freire (1981;1983); Blacksmith (2013); Dowing, 1990) and Soares (2017), among others. The results expressed that there is, to a certain extent, a joint vision regarding the importance of adopting more playful and interactive pedagogical practices. However, some obstacles and difficulties were mentioned, especially regarding the participation of parents in the process of educating their children and access to varied pedagogical materials at school. Keywords: Teaching. Learning. Pedagogical practices. Formation.
Percepção ambiental: Uma experiência de ressignificação dos sentidos
Authors: Mafra Orsi Raquel Fabiane , Alexandre Weiler Jaqueline Maria , Lemke Carletto Denise , Voloszin Michele
Published: May 2022

A percepção ambiental consiste na forma como o ser humano compreende o meio ambiente, resultante de conhecimentos e experiências. Ao educador ambiental cabe continuamente resgatar e restabelecer a conexão com o ambiente natural e abordar, por meio da sensibilização, as complexas questões socioambientais. Assim, um grupo de acadêmicos Stricto Sensu em Educação, voltado à Educação Ambiental, realizou uma saída de campo à cidade de Anitápolis – Santa Catarina, objetivando uma imersão no meio natural, para estimular os sentidos para que as sensações permitissem uma reflexão sobre a sua integração ao ambiente. Desenvolveram-se atividades de entrevista, interlocução no ambiente natural e trilha sensitiva, que propiciaram a sensibilização e percepção dos integrantes, permitindo reflexões e o desenvolvimento da afetividade no grupo.
O espaço escolar como uma problemática socioambiental
Authors: Torres Maria Betânia Ribeiro
Published: May 2022

O artigo discute a relação entre as condições físicas e ambientais de escolas públicas de Mossoró-RN e a noção de sofrimento ambiental. É produto de uma pesquisa qualitativa que utilizou a fotografia como fonte de dados sobre a problemática socioambiental das escolas públicas. Os dados analisados provêm da investigação de vinte (20) escolas públicas, oito (8) estaduais e doze (12) municipais, entre dezembro de 2013 e fevereiro de 2014, por meio de um roteiro fotográfico na área urbana do município de Mossoró/RN. O cenário revelado pela pesquisa é de precariedade das condições físicas e ambientais das escolas públicas e serve como espelho da desigualdade socioambiental e de privação de melhores oportunidades para o público estudantil que frequenta aquelas escolas.
O Trabalho das mulheres Pantaneiras e a Avaliação Ecossistêmica do Milleniun: uma ressignificação por meio da Educação Ambiental.
Authors: Manfrinate Rosana , Sato Michèle
Published: May 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo compreender como os trabalhos femininos entendidos pelo viés da Avaliação Ecossistêmica do Milleniun podem se tornar uma base educativa para a emancipação tanto econômica como política das mulheres pantaneiras de Mato Grosso.

Utilizamos como método a pesquisa a História Oral apoiada fenomenológica com as narrativas das próprias mulheres sobre suas vidas como forma de se conhecer as diversas interações com a natureza e formas de vivências e experiências no território pantaneiro.

Os resultados até o momento encontrados foram os seguintes: as mulheres pantaneiras tem a noção do pertencimento ao ambiente local. Essa noção de pertencimento (MOURÃO,2005) é a relação entre os seres humanos e a natureza que passa pelos diversos sentidos, construindo uma identidade do humano com o biológico, com posições humanísticas, referindo-se a ética e à sustentabilidade. No que se refere aos trabalhos das mulheres na comunidade, elas se utilizam da tradição ensinada por suas mães, como fazer doces caseiros, e artesanato de algodão, como redes e coxinilhos para cavalos. Se utilizam das frutas que tem em seu quintal além de plantar o algodão para fiar.
A sustentabilidade da educação socioambiental no assentamento do Anauerapucu, Amazônia Amapaense
Authors: Silva Gomes Raimunda Kelly , Lobato da Silva Maria do Carmo , Martins Medeiros Mariana
Published: May 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a implementação de ações ambientais, através da reflexões sobre a crise ambiental e o papel da educação na formação de sujeitos ecológicos, considerando a diversidade sociocultural local. A metodologia fundamentou-se em entrevistas semi-estruturados, observação direta in locu e ações ambientais. Os resultados indicam que as ações ambientais são fundamentais para a implementação de políticas públicas e a diminuição da degradação ambiental em comunidades ribeirinhas Amazônicas, além de contribuir para a melhoria da qualidade de vida da população ali existente. Portanto, a educação socioambiental como educação política deve enfatizar o dialogo dos saberes, e na valorização da cultura e identidade local, focando em alternativas sustentáveis que considere as peculiaridades da vida do caboclo amazônida
COVID-19 & informal settlements: is Stay Home safe?
Authors: Nix Emily , Paulose Jacob , Lakhanpaul Monica , Factor-Litvak Pam , Parikh Priti , Altamirano-Medina Hector , Bou Karim Yasmin , Manikam Logan
Published: May 2022

Disproportional burden of COVID-19 and vulnerability to containment measures in informal settlements have been recognised, however, the role of poor housing conditions in propagating these remains neglected. Poor housing conditions will make it difficult to effectively implement social distancing measures. With increased time spent in cramped, dark and uncomfortable indoor environments, water and sanitation outside the home, and no outdoor space, higher exposure to existing health hazards and high levels of stress, with women and children most vulnerable, are anticipated. We reflect on these interconnections and recommend immediate measures and the long-term need for adequate housing for health and well-being.
Theoretical Study of Hard Photonic Produce from Interaction of Quark-Gluon at Critical Temperature 190 MeV and 196 MeV
Authors: Maadhede Taif Saad Al , Al-Agealy Hadi J.M. , Kadhim Bahjat B. , Mahdi Hind Abdulmajeed
Published: May 2022

The quantum chromodynamics theory approach was taken to study the photonic emission from interaction of quark gluon at high at Bremsstrahlung processes. Strength coupling, quark charge 𝑒𝑞 , flavor number 𝑛𝐹 , thermal energy T of system, fugacity of gluon ƛ𝑔, fugacity of quark ƛ𝑞 , critical temperature 𝑇𝐶 and photons energy 𝐸 are taken to calculate photons rate via the quantum system. Photons emission rate studies and calculates via high energy 400MeV to 650 MeV using flavor number 3 and 7 for 𝑢̅𝑔 → 𝑑̅𝑔𝛾 and 𝑐𝑔 → 𝑠𝑔𝛾 systems at bremsstrahlung processes with critical temperature (𝑇𝑐 = 190 and 196) MeV with photons energy (1-10) GeV. The confinement and de-confinement of quarks behavior at strong force with distances limits investigate theoretically using the strength coupling. The strength coupling increases with increases 𝑛𝐹 and decreases temperature of systems and decrease critical temperature. Photons rate relative to strength coupling, its increases with decreases strength coupling due to increase the temperature. However, the photons produce is high affected with the temperature and critical temperature it decreases with increases the temperature of system and critical temperature and large near created quarks matter and the photons produce increases with decrease the photons energy.
Contributions of the Pedagogical, Intercultural “Jimag Pujut Unuimamu” in the Profile of the Graduate of the Professional School of Education Initial Bilingual
Authors: Laura Wendy Nelly Bada , Salinas Ronald Gamarra , Quispe Jesus Ttito
Published: May 2022

Globalization seeks to minimize through an education monocultural dominant, the knowledge of indigenous peoples. Therefore, from intercultural education, as a strategy, it seeks to promote equity and inclusion of ancestral knowledge in the practice of teaching. The objective, to determine the influence of teaching methodology intercultural “Jimag Pujut Unuimamu'' in the profile exit of the students at the X-cycle of the Career of Initial Education Bilingual, Universidad Nacional Intercultural de la Amazonia, was applied to a sample of 29 students from the village Shipibo Konibo, Mashiguenga, Wampis, Ashaninka, Awajún, Shawi, and non-indigenous. We opted for the quantitative research, experimental method, design preexperimental, design group: experimental. We applied the methodology of pedagogical, intercultural “Jimag Pujut Unuimamu”, determining that there are significant differences in the profile of egress. Having as a result the t-test = -5,738 and the level of significance was 0,000 is less than 0.05; as with these statisticians, the t calculated falls in the area of rejection, then it will reject the null hypothesis and accept the hypothesis alternate; that is to say, the teaching methodology intercultural “Jimag Pujut Unuimamu'' has influenced significativamente in the profile exit of the students at the X-cycle of the Career of Initial Education Bilingual.
Relationship Between Body Image and Eating Behavior Among High School Female Adolescents
Authors: Lionita Widya , Febry Fatmalina , Appulembang Yeni Anna , Anggraini Rini
Published: May 2022

Background: Physical and psychological alteration during adolescence could determine adolescents’ nutritional status, especially for female adolescents. The Indonesian Ministry of Health estimated about 26.5% of female adolescents aged 12 – 18 years in South Sumatera Province were at risk of chronic energy deficiency in 2017. One of the direct predictors which affect nutritional status is eating behavior. The research aims to describe perceived body image and eating behavior of high school female adolescents and find the correlation between these variables.Method: The research applied a cross-sectional design and chose respondents purposively with inclusion criteria i.e., female adolescents at 1st and 2nd grade from four different high schools in Palembang. About 138 respondents completed the questionnaires of body image and eating behavior. The data were analyzed using a chi-square test on SPSS Application.Results: The majority of respondents (55.80%) were not satisfied with their own body shape. Above 15%  were on a diet. However, the respondents’ perception of body image was mostly classified as positive (54.35%), and they also had good eating behavior (56.52%). Body image significantly impacted eating behavior (p = 0.035). Those with positive body image are possibly at 2.210 times chances of having good eating behavior (95%CI: 1.112 – 4.391). Female adolescents have to build self-appreciation, not only based on their physical appearance. The health nutritionists should work together with the government to facilitate them to practice healthy eating behavior which may improve their nutrition status.
Control interno de la calidad – bases del pasado, situación presente y futuras tendencias
Authors: Ricós Carmen , Fernandez-Calle Pilar , Perich Maria Carmen , Westgard James O.
Published: May 2022

Objetivos

Este artículo ofrece una síntesis de los modelos de control interno de la calidad analítica usados, desde mediados del siglo XX hasta los que están en vigor actualmente y pretende dar una proyección de cómo debería ser el futuro en esta materia concreta.

Métodos

El material usado es la recopilación bibliográfica de los distintos modelos de CIC publicados. El método de estudio ha sido el análisis crítico de dichos modelos, debatiendo los pros y contras de cada uno.

Resultados

Los primeros modelos se basaron en el análisis de materiales control y se fijaron como límites de aceptabilidad múltiplos de la desviación estándar del procedimiento analítico. Más adelante se sustituyeron estos límites por valores relacionados con el uso clínico de los exámenes del laboratorio, principalmente los derivados de la variación biológica. Para las pruebas sin material control estable se desarrollaron métodos basados en análisis replicados de especímenes de pacientes, que se han perfeccionado recientemente, así como la métrica sigma, que relaciona la calidad deseada con la prestación analítica para diseñar un protocolo de alta eficacia. La tendencia actual es matizar el control interno teniendo en cuenta la carga de trabajo y el impacto de un fallo analítico en la información sobre el paciente.

Conclusiones

Se indican los puntos fuertes resaltados a la luz de esta revisión, los puntos débiles que todavía se emplean y deberían eliminarse, así como se da una proyección de futuro encaminada a promover la seguridad de los exámenes del laboratorio.