bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecule Crowding Strategy in Polymer Electrolytes Inducing Stable Interfaces for All‐Solid‐State Lithium Batteries
Authors: Zhang Hong , Deng Jiahui , Xu Hantao , Xu Haoran , Xiao Zixin , Fei Fan , Peng Wei , Xu Lin , Cheng Yu , Liu Qin , Hu Guo‐Hua , Mai Liqiang
Published: June 2024

All‐solid‐state lithium batteries with polymer electrolytes suffer from electrolyte decomposition and lithium dendrites because of the unstable electrode/electrolyte interfaces. Herein, a molecule crowding strategy is proposed to modulate the Li+ coordinated structure, thus in situ constructing the stable interfaces. Since 15‐crown‐5 possesses superior compatibility with polymer and electrostatic repulsion for anion of lithium salt, the anions are forced to crowd into a Li+ coordinated structure to weaken the Li+ coordination with polymer and boost the Li+ transport. The coordinated anions prior decompose to form LiF‐rich, thin, and tough interfacial passivation layers for stabilizing the electrode/electrolyte interfaces. Thus, the symmetric Li–Li cell can stably operate over 4360 h, the LiFePO4||Li full battery presents 97.18% capacity retention in 700 cycles at 2 C, and the NCM811||Li full battery possesses the capacity retention of 83.17% after 300 cycles. The assembled pouch cell shows excellent flexibility (stand for folding over 2000 times) and stability (89.42% capacity retention after 400 cycles). This work provides a promising strategy to regulate interfacial chemistry by modulating the ion environment to accommodate the interfacial issues and will inspire more effective approaches to general interface issues for polymer electrolytes.
A Stretchable, Sweat‐Resistant Electrophoretic Display Device Driven by Human‐Safe Voltage for Smart E‐Textile Application
Authors: Zhu Simu , Xiong Feng , Gu Yifan , Wang Ting , Lu Hao , Qiu Zhiguang , Yang Bo‐Ru , Deng Shaozhi
Published: June 2024

The demand for wearable display devices capable of real‐time information collection is growing rapidly. Among them, electrophoretic display (EPD) shows features of ultra‐low power consumption and high readability in sunlight, making them particularly suitable for wearable applications. However, due to high driving voltage and susceptibility to salt, few wearable EPD devices are reported so far. To address this, a stretchable EPD compatible with textiles is fabricated based on waterborne polyurethane. The device exhibits great performance to resist water and sweat, achieving a whiteness of 35 (Y in CIE XYZ) and a contrast ratio of 13.5 at a driving voltage of 30 V. Benefit from the device's excellent bistability and flexibility, there is no degrading to its optoelectronic performance after bending, twisting or stretching. For demonstration, an 8 × 8 matrix display is realized, showcasing that this process is suitable for wearable textile display applications.
CH3NH3SnI3${\mathrm{CH}}_{\mathrm{3}}{\mathrm{NH}}_{\mathrm{3}}{\mathrm{SnI}}_{\mathrm{3}}$: Superior Light Absorption and Optimized Device Architecture with 31.93% Efficiency
Authors: Hajjami M. , Chabri I. , Oubelkacem A. , Benhouria Y. , Kaiba A. , Essaoudi I. , Ainane A.
Published: June 2024

This research investigates and optimizes the perovskite solar cells. Initially, optoelectronic parameters of perovskite absorber materials, including , , and , are estimated using Density Functional Theory (DFT) principles implemented in the Quantum Espresso software. The absorption of light energy is examined, detailing electron transitions between the highest p energy states of halogens (I, Br, and Cl) in the VB and the lowest 5p energy states of tin in the CB. shows superior optical characteristics, surpassing and , and demonstrating more effective absorption within the visible spectrum than . Subsequently, a numerical analysis is conducted for a P–I–N configuration Fluorine doped Tin Oxide (FTO)////Anode using SCAPS‐1D software. The optimization process focuses on absorber thickness, defect density, acceptor density, and the work function (WF) of the anode materials. Simulation findings recommend a defect density () of   for optimal performance, coupled with an absorber thickness of 1 µm. Examining the transformation from to through oxidation reveals that reducing the concentration of acceptors in the absorber layer (NA) significantly enhances device performance. Superior performance is achieved by a high WF anode material. This study not only contributes to advancing our understanding of lead‐free perovskite optoelectronics but also provides valuable insights for the development of highly efficient and stable solar cells.
Targeting Rab7‐Rilp Mediated Microlipophagy Alleviates Lipid Toxicity in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Ke Jiahan , Pan Jianan , Lin Hao , Huang Shuying , Zhang Junfeng , Wang Changqian , Chang Alex Chia Yu , Gu Jun
Published: June 2024

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DbCM) is characterized by diastolic dysfunction, which progresses into heart failure and aberrant electrophysiology in diabetic patients. Dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetic patients leads to the accumulation of lipid droplets (LDs) in cardiomyocytes and results in lipid toxicity which has been suggested to drive DbCM. It is aimed to explore potential pathways that may boost LDs degradation in DbCM and restore cardiac function. LDs accumulation resulted in an increase in lipid toxicity in DbCM hearts is confirmed. Microlipophagy pathway, rather than traditional macrolipophagy, is activated in DbCM hearts. RNA‐Seq data and Rab7‐CKO mice implicate that Rab7 is a major modulator of the microlipophagy pathway. Mechanistically, Rab7 is phosphorylated at Tyrosine 183, which allows the recruitment of Rab‐interacting lysosome protein (Rilp) to proceed LDs degradation by lysosome. Treating DbCM mice with Rab7 activator ML‐098 enhanced Rilp level and rescued the observed cardiac dysfunction. Overall, Rab7‐Rilp‐mediated microlipophagy may be a promising target in the treatment of lipid toxicity in DbCM is suggested.
Regulation of Interface Ion Transport by Electron Ionic Conductor Construction toward High‐Voltage and High‐Rate LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 Cathodes in Lithium Ion Battery
Authors: Tian Yunan , Li Yuyu , Shen Huasen , Cheng Xiangxin , Cheng Yiming , Zhang Wen , Yu Peng , Yang Zehui , Xue Lixing , Fan Yameng , Zhao Lingfei , Peng Jian , Wang Jiazhao , Li Zhaohuai , Xie Ming , Liu Huakun , Dou Shixue
Published: June 2024

Simultaneously achieving high‐energy‐density and high‐power‐density is a crucial yet challenging objective in the pursuit of commercialized power batteries. In this study, atomic layer deposition (ALD) is employed combined with a coordinated thermal treatment strategy to construct a densely packed, electron‐ion dual conductor (EIC) protective coating on the surface of commercial LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 (NCM523) cathode material, further enhanced by gradient Al doping (Al@EIC‐NCM523). The ultra‐thin EIC effectively suppresses side reactions, thereby enhancing the stability of the cathode‐electrolyte interphase (CEI) at high‐voltages. The EIC's dual conduction capability provides a potent driving force for Li+ transport at the interface, promoting the formation of rapid ion deintercalation pathways within the Al@EIC‐NCM523 bulk phase. Moreover, the strategic gradient doping of Al serves to anchor the atomic spacing of Ni and O within the structure of Al@EIC‐NCM523, curbing irreversible phase transitions at high‐voltages and preserving the integrity of its layered structure. Remarkably, Al@EIC‐NCM523 displays an unprecedented rate capability (114.7 mAh g−1 at 20 C), and a sustained cycling performance (capacity retention of 74.72% after 800 cycles at 10 C) at 4.6 V. These findings demonstrate that the proposed EIC and doping strategy holds a significant promise for developing high‐energy‐density and high‐power‐density lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs).
Tailoring rectal cancer surgery: Surgical approaches and anatomical insights during deep pelvic dissection for optimal outcomes in low‐lying rectal cancer
Authors: Park Youn Young , Kim Nam Kyu
Published: June 2024

This review article explores advanced surgical approaches and anatomical insights for tailoring rectal cancer surgery, particularly focusing on low‐lying rectal cancer. With the evolution of imaging technologies, precise preoperative planning has become possible, enhancing the visualization of anatomy surrounding the rectum and enabling more accurate assessments of circumferential resection margin (CRM) involvement. The article emphasizes the dynamic nature of rectal cancer treatment, advocating for individualized surgical planning based on comprehensive preoperative imaging and intraoperative assessment. This approach aims to optimize patient care by integrating recent advancements and anatomical insights into clinical practice for the management of low‐lying rectal cancer. Particularly, the article discusses the importance of customizing the excision of Denonvilliers' fascia (DVF) based on tumor characteristics for optimal oncologic and functional outcomes, especially for anteriorly located tumors. It highlights the need for precise dissection techniques to ensure a negative CRM while preserving critical anatomical structures. Additionally, the review addresses the surgical management of tumors at the anorectal ring and introduces the Gate Approach for deep anterolateral pelvic dissection. Special attention is given to tumors impacting the membranous and prostate urethra, emphasizing tailored surgical approaches to balance complete tumor resection with the preservation of urogenital functions.
Metal‐ and Photocatalyst‐Free Aerobic Photoinduced Benzyl C(sp3)−H Bonds Oxidation
Authors: Wang Peng , Gao Wei , Chen Maoqiang , Ge Yuyang , Ma Li , Wang Ling , Guo Bingpeng , Zhao Zhengfeng , Zhou Jianhua , Tan Xuejie , Li Yuehui , Liu Zunqi , Chen Jianbin
Published: June 2024

Photoinduced the direct oxidation of benzyl C(sp3)−H bonds provides an attractive strategy for producing high‐value chemicals or intermediates. Unlike the conventional approaches that typically require transition‐metal catalysts, semiconductors, and organic photosensitizers as the photocatalysts, herein we report a bromine salt‐promoted photoinduced aerobic oxidation protocol for methylarenes. By applying NH4Br as both the bromine radical source and hydrogen atom transfer agent, photoinduced oxidation of methylarenes to the corresponding carboxylic products exhibits high conversion and selectivity. Furthermore, control experiments confirm that reactive oxygen species are proved to be essential for the success of this transformation. This strategy provides a metal‐/strong oxidant‐/photocatalyst‐free paradigm for the direct deep oxidation of methylarenes.
A Radical Activation Strategy for Versatile and Stereoselective N‐Glycosylation
Authors: Ding Wenyan , Chen Xinyu , Sun Zuyao , Luo Jiaxin , Wang Shiping , Lu Qingqing , Ma Jialu , Zhao Chongxin , Chen Fen‐Er , Xu Chunfa
Published: June 2024

Previous N‐glycosylation approaches have predominately involved acidic conditions, facing challenges of low stereoselectivity and limited scope. Herein, we introduce a radical activation strategy that enables versatile and stereoselective N‐glycosylation using readily accessible glycosyl sulfinate donors under basic conditions and exhibits exceptional tolerance towards various N‐aglycones containing alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl and nucleobase functionalities. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicate a pivotal role of iodide, which orchestrates the formation of a glycosyl radical from the glycosyl sulfinate and subsequent generation of the key intermediate, a configurationally well‐defined glycosyl iodide, which is subsequently attacked by an N‐aglycone in a stereospecific SN2 manner to give the desired N‐glycosides. An alternative route involving the coupling of a glycosyl radical and a nitrogen‐centered radical is also proposed, affording the exclusive 1,2‐trans product. This novel approach promises to broaden the synthetic landscape of N‐glycosides, offering a powerful tool for the construction of complex glycosidic structures under mild conditions.
Peripheral (E)‐2‐[(4‐hydroxybenzylidene)‐3,4‐dihydronaphthalen‐1(2H)‐one)]‐coordinated phthalocyanines with improved enzyme inhibition properties and photophysicochemical behaviors
Authors: Güleç Özcan , Bilgiçli Ahmet T. , Tüzün Burak , Taslimi Parham , Günsel Armağan , Gülçin İlhami , Arslan Mustafa , Yarasir M. Nilüfer
Published: June 2024

In this study, (E)‐4‐{4‐[(1‐oxo‐3,4‐dihydronaphthalen‐2(1H)‐ylidene)methyl]phenoxy}phthalonitrile (4) and its phthalocyanine derivatives (5–8) were synthesized for the first time. Aggregation behaviors of the novel soluble phthalocyanines in organic solvents were investigated. In addition, the efficiency of 1O2 production of (5) and ZnPc (6) was investigated. The singlet oxygen quantum yields (ΦΔ) for 2HPc (5) and ZnPc (6) were found to be 0.58 and 0.83, respectively. Additionally, novel phthalocyanines (5–8) were investigated for their ability to inhibit enzymes. They exhibited a highly potent inhibition effect on human carbonic anhydrase I and II (hCA I and II) and α‐glycosidase (α‐Gly) enzymes. Ki values are in the range of 2.60 ± 9.87 to 11.53 ± 6.92 µM, 3.35 ± 0.53 to 15.47 ± 1.20 µM, and 28.60 ± 4.82 to 40.58 ± 7.37 nM, respectively. The calculations of the studied molecule at the B3LYP, HF, and M062X levels in the 6–31G basis sets were made using the Gaussian package program. Afterward, the interactions occurring in the docking calculation against a protein that is the crystal structure of hCA I (PDB ID: 2CAB), the crystal structure of hCA II (PDB ID: 5AML), and the crystal structure of α‐Gly (PDB ID: 1R47), were examined. Following that, Protein–Ligand Interaction Profiler (PLIP) analysis was used to look at the interactions that occurred during the docking calculation in further detail.
Unlocking nitrogen compounds’ promise against malaria: A comprehensive review
Authors: Kuthe Pranali Vijaykumar , Muzaffar‐Ur‐Rehman Mohammad , Chandu Ala , Prashant Kirad Shivani , Sankarnarayanan Murugesan
Published: June 2024

Plasmodium parasites are the primary cause of malaria, leading to high mortality rates, which require clinical attention. Many of the medications used in the treatment have resulted in resistance over time. Artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) has shown significant results for the treatment. However, mutations in the parasite have resulted in resistance, leading to decreased efficiency of the medications that are currently being used. Therefore, there is a critical need to find novel scaffolds that are safe, effective, and of economic advantage. Literature has reported several potent molecules with diverse scaffolds designed, synthesized, and evaluated against different strains of Plasmodium. With this growing list of compounds, it is essential to collect the data in one place to gain a concise overview of the emerging scaffolds in recent years. For this purpose, nitrogen‐containing heterocycles such as β‐carboline, imidazole, quinazoline, quinoline, thiazole, and thiophene have been highly explored due to their wide biological applications. Besides these, another scaffold, benzodiazepine, which is majorly used as a central nervous system depressant, is emerging as an anti‐malarial agent. Hence, this review centers on the latest medication advancements designed to combat malaria, emphasizing special attention to 1,4‐benzodiazepines as a novel scaffold for antimalarial drug discovery.
A novel standard‐free detection of adulteration method for sildenafil derivatives in dietary supplements
Authors: Lv Diya , Wang Dongyao , Li Dan , Guo Dandan , Qi Minyu , Zhang Ying , Chai Yifeng , Chen Xiaofei , Cao Yan
Published: June 2024

The rapid and accurate detection of illegal adulteration of chemical drugs into dietary supplements is a big challenge in the food chemistry field. Detection of compounds without a standard reference is even more difficult; however, this is a common situation. Here in this study, a novel “standard‐free detection of adulteration” (SFDA) method was proposed and phosphodiesterase‐5 inhibitor derivatives were used as an example to figure out the possibility and reliability of this SFDA method. After analysis by quadrupole coupled time of flight–tandem mass spectrometry detection and multivariable statistics, six common fragment ions were chosen to indicate whether adulteration was present or not, while 20 characteristic fragment ions indicated whether adulteration was by nitrogen‐containing heterocycles or by anilines. Furthermore, the quantitative methods were conducted by high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. In a word, this strategy allows for a quick determination of dietary supplement adulteration without any need for standard materials, improving the efficacy of food safety testing.
A language‐directed virtual human motion generation approach based on musculoskeletal models
Authors: Sun Libo , Wang Yongxiang , Qin Wenhu
Published: June 2024

The development of the systems capable of synthesizing natural and life‐like motions for virtual characters has long been a central focus in computer animation. It needs to generate high‐quality motions for characters and provide users with a convenient and flexible interface for guiding character motions. In this work, we propose a language‐directed virtual human motion generation approach based on musculoskeletal models to achieve interactive and higher‐fidelity virtual human motion, which lays the foundation for the development of language‐directed controllers in physics‐based character animation. First, we construct a simplified model of musculoskeletal dynamics for the virtual character. Subsequently, we propose a hierarchical control framework consisting of a trajectory tracking layer and a muscle control layer, obtaining the optimal control policy for imitating the reference motions through the training. We design a multi‐policy aggregation controller based on large language models, which selects the motion policy with the highest similarity to user text commands from the action‐caption data pool, facilitating natural language‐based control of virtual character motions. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach not only generates high‐quality motions highly resembling reference motions but also enables users to effectively guide virtual characters to perform various motions via natural language instructions.
Diagnostic, predictive and prognostic molecular biomarkers in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: A retrospective study
Authors: Deng Jian , Tu ShengYuan , Li Lin , Li GangLi , Zhang YinHui
Published: June 2024

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a common and aggressive subtype of kidney cancer. Many patients are diagnosed at advanced stages, making early detection crucial. Unfortunately, there are currently no noninvasive tests for ccRCC, emphasizing the need for new biomarkers. Additionally, ccRCC often develops resistance to treatments like radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Identifying biomarkers that predict treatment outcomes is vital for personalized care. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI), multi‐omics analysis, and computational biology holds promise in bolstering detection precision and resilience, opening avenues for future investigations. The amalgamation of radiogenomics and biomaterial‐basedimmunomodulation signifies a revolutionary breakthrough in diagnostic medicine. This review summarizes existing literature and highlights emerging biomarkers that enhance diagnostic, predictive, and prognostic capabilities for ccRCC, setting the stage for future clinical research.
Teaching Green Chemistry and Engineering through the Epoxidation of Poly‐β‐myrcene
Authors: Anastasiou Dimitrios E.
Published: June 2024

This study explores the application of the epoxidation process of poly‐β‐myrcene, a constituent of the natural resin from Chios Mastic trees (Pistacia Lentiscus L.), as an educational instrument for teaching Green Chemistry and Engineering to students at various academic levels. The study provides a comprehensive presentation of foundational knowledge essential for interpreting the subsequent experimental data. Consequently, the production process that leads to the production of Mastic Epoxide (MASTEP) stands as an invaluable pedagogical resource, enabling educators to impart crucial principles of Green Chemistry and Engineering to both pre‐graduate and post‐graduate students. By employing MASTEP as a case study, this educational approach actively involves students in a dynamic learning environment. Through this methodology, learners develop a profound comprehension of sustainability, innovation, and good practices. The integration of the MASTEP concept into the curriculum would foster a deeper understanding of responsible methodologies among aspiring chemical engineers and scientists, equipping them to make substantial contributions towards a more sustainable global landscape. This educational model aims to contribute to preparing future generations for a pivotal role in fostering a sustainable world through their professional endeavors.
A Scale for Measuring Positive and Negative Experiences of Psychotherapy (PNEP): First Psychometric Findings of a New Instrument for Monitoring Clients' Experiences
Authors: Dandachi‐FitzGerald Brechje , Houben Sanne T. L. , Broers Nick J. , Merckelbach Harald
Published: June 2024

Background

Clients' adverse experiences during psychotherapy are rarely monitored in clinical practice or research trials. One obstacle here is the lack of a measure to gauge both positive and negative experiences during psychotherapy. We developed and evaluated a new instrument for measuring such experiences.

Method

The Positive and Negative Experiences of Psychotherapy (PNEP) questionnaire was developed based on pilot data, a literature review, and two existing scales for measuring primarily adverse experiences during psychotherapy. Mental healthcare clients (N = 200) anonymously completed and evaluated the PNEP. Subsequently, a sample of professionals (N = 34) who underwent psychotherapy in the context of their training filled in the PNEP twice, with a 2‐week interval in between.

Results

The positive and negative experiences subscales of the PNEP were found to possess excellent internal consistencies (αs ≥ 0.90). The PNEP test–retest reliability was 0.93 for the positive experiences subscale and 0.78 for the negative experiences subscale. For the positive subscale, four factors were extracted: symptom reduction and positive well‐being, high quality of therapy and therapeutic relation, personal growth and acceptance and interpersonal functioning. For the negative subscale, exploratory factor analysis suggested a three‐factor solution: escalation of symptoms and emotional distress, low quality of therapy and therapeutic relation and (self‐)stigmatization and dependency. Participants related a median of 13 positive and six negative therapy experiences to their most recent treatment. The most frequently endorsed negative experiences were having more negative thoughts and memories, feeling emotionally overwhelmed and an increase in stress due to the therapy. A minority of participants (10.5%) reported no negative treatment experiences.

Conclusions

In the field of psychotherapy, the evaluation of risks and benefits is crucial for assessing safety and effectiveness. The PNEP could be a promising instrument for achieving this objective, although further research is needed to replicate and expand upon the current findings.
A C‐terminal motif containing a PKC phosphorylation site regulates γ‐Protocadherin‐mediated dendrite arborization in the cerebral cortex in vivo
Authors: Hanes Camille M. , Mah Kar Men , Steffen David M. , McLeod Cathy M. , Marcucci Charles G. , Fuller Leah C. , Burgess Robert W. , Garrett Andrew M. , Weiner Joshua A.
Published: June 2024

The Pcdhg gene cluster encodes 22 γ‐Protocadherin (γ‐Pcdh) cell adhesion molecules that critically regulate multiple aspects of neural development, including neuronal survival, dendritic and axonal arborization, and synapse formation and maturation. Each γ‐Pcdh isoform has unique protein domains—a homophilically interacting extracellular domain and a juxtamembrane cytoplasmic domain—as well as a C‐terminal cytoplasmic domain shared by all isoforms. The extent to which isoform‐specific versus shared domains regulate distinct γ‐Pcdh functions remains incompletely understood. Our previous in vitro studies identified protein kinase C (PKC) phosphorylation of a serine residue within a shared C‐terminal motif as a mechanism through which γ‐Pcdh promotion of dendrite arborization via myristoylated alanine‐rich C‐kinase substrate (MARCKS) is abrogated. Here, we used CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing to generate two new mouse lines expressing only non‐phosphorylatable γ‐Pcdhs, due either to a serine‐to‐alanine mutation (PcdhgS/A) or to a 15‐amino acid C‐terminal deletion resulting from insertion of an early stop codon (PcdhgCTD). Both lines are viable and fertile, and the density and maturation of dendritic spines remain unchanged in both PcdhgS/A and PcdhgCTD cortex. Dendrite arborization of cortical pyramidal neurons, however, is significantly increased in both lines, as are levels of active MARCKS. Intriguingly, despite having significantly reduced levels of γ‐Pcdh proteins, the PcdhgCTD mutation yields the strongest phenotype, with even heterozygous mutants exhibiting increased arborization. The present study confirms that phosphorylation of a shared C‐terminal motif is a key γ‐Pcdh negative regulation point and contributes to a converging understanding of γ‐Pcdh family function in which distinct roles are played by both individual isoforms and discrete protein domains.
Tree inventory data from permanent plots in French forest reserves
Authors: Cateau Eugénie , Debaive Nicolas , Drapier Nicolas , Chantreau Flavien , Gilg Olivier , Laroche Fabien , Morin Xavier , Demets Valentin , Pimenta Raúl , Thompson Lucie , Paillet Yoan
Published: June 2024

We present a data set resulting from the first round of a national monitoring program of forest reserves. It contains 9538 permanent plots, distributed across 111 study sites in mainland France (including Corsica). Notably focusing on dead wood measurement, this protocol has primarily been applied in strict forest reserves and special nature reserves (sensu Bollmann & Braunisch 2013), with 68% (6494) of the plots being currently located in strict forest reserves (unmanaged) and 24.7% (2363 plots) in forests unmanaged for at least 50 years. Sites cover a large variety of ecological conditions, from lowland to subalpine forests, but with an underrepresentation of Mediterranean forests (Table 1). The protocol assesses all the stages of a tree's life cycle, from seedling to decomposed lying dead wood. On each plot, a combination of three sampling techniques was used: (1) fixed‐area inventory for regeneration, standing dead trees, living trees, and coarse woody debris (CWD) with diameter over 30 cm; (2) transect lines for CWD with diameter <30 cm; and (3) fixed‐angle plot method for living trees with diameter at breast height (DBH) >30 cm (using a relascopic angle of 3%). Measurements include exact tree location (azimuth, distance), species, diameter(s), tree‐related microhabitats, decay stage and bark cover, and seedling cover. With ongoing climate change, the program network can also provide important information to monitor changes in forest ecosystems. It can also be used as forest management monitoring or conservation status assessment. These data are freely available for noncommercial scientific use (Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 CC BY SA 4.0) with attribution, and this paper must be cited if this material is reused.
Scalp‐recorded direct current shifts without EEG seizure patterns in frontal lobe seizures due to focal cortical dysplasia
Authors: Demura Ai , Takada Kozue , Ohara Hiroya , Sai Toshi , Nakakura Masayuki , Dizon Marisse Dy , Satow Takeshi , Kinoshita Masako
Published: June 2024

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A modified fifth‐order WENO‐Z scheme based on the weights of the reformulated adaptive order WENO scheme
Authors: Wang Yize , Zhao Kunlei , Yuan Li
Published: June 2024

A modified fifth‐order WENO‐Z scheme is proposed by analogy with the non‐normalized weights of the reformulated fifth‐order adaptive order (AO) WENO scheme. We show that if the original fifth‐order WENO‐AO scheme is rewritten as the form of the conventional WENO combination, the resulting non‐normalized weights can be divided into three parts: a constant one term, a local stencil smoothness measure term and a global stencil smoothness measure term. In order to make use of the latter two terms for constructing a modified WENO‐Z scheme with enhanced performance, we change the form of the third term and introduce an adaptive scaling factor to adjust the contributions from the second and third terms. Numerical examples show that the modified fifth‐order WENO‐Z scheme has the advantage of high resolution in smooth regions and sharp capturing of discontinuities, and it can obtain evidently better results for shocked flows with small‐scale structures compared with the recently developed WENO‐Z+ and WENO‐Z+M schemes.
Immune responses and reinfection of SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variant in patients with lung cancer
Authors: Chen Chen , Zhou Xiaoyun , Gao Xiaoxing , Pan Ruili , He Qi , Guo Xiaobei , Yu Siyuan , Wang Na , Zhao Qian , Wang Mengzhao , Xu Yan , Han Xiaohong
Published: June 2024

A significant Omicron wave emerged in China in December 2022. To explore the duration of humoral and cellular response postinfection and the efficacy of hybrid immunity in preventing Omicron reinfection in patients with lung cancer, a total of 447 patients were included in the longitudinal study after the Omicron wave from March 2023 to August 2023. Humoral responses were measured at pre‐Omicron wave, 3 months and 7 months postinfection. The detected severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) specific antibodies including total antibodies, anti‐receptor binding domain (RBD) specific IgG, and neutralizing antibodies against SARS‐CoV‐2 wild type (WT) and BA.4/5 variant. T cell responses against SARS‐CoV‐2 WT and Omicron variant were evaluated in 101 patients by ELISpot at 3 months postinfection. The results showed that Omicron‐infected symptoms were mild, while fatigue (30.2%), shortness of breath (34.0%) and persistent cough (23.6%) were long‐lasting, and vaccines showed efficacy against fever in lung cancer patients. Humoral responses were higher in full or booster vaccinated patients than those unvaccinated (p < .05 for all four antibodies), and the enhanced response persisted for at least 7 months. T cell response to Omicron was higher than WT peptides (21.3 vs. 16.0 SFUs/106 PBMCs, p = .0093). Moreover, 38 (9.74%) patients were reinfected, which had lower antibody responses than non‐reinfected patients (all p < .05), and those patients of unvaccinated at late stage receiving anti‐cancer immunotherapy alone were at high risk of reinfection. Collectively, these data demonstrate the Omicron infection induces a high and durable immune response in vaccinated patients with lung cancer, which protects vaccinated patients from reinfection.
Advances in 3D printing for polymer composites: A review
Authors: Ma Tengbo , Zhang Yali , Ruan Kunpeng , Guo Hua , He Mukun , Shi Xuetao , Guo Yongqiang , Kong Jie , Gu Junwei
Published: June 2024

The potential of three‐dimensional (3D) printing technology in the fabrication of advanced polymer composites is becoming increasingly evident. This review discusses the latest research developments and applications of 3D printing in polymer composites. First, it focuses on the optimization of 3D printing technology, that is, by upgrading the equipment or components or adjusting the printing parameters, to make them more adaptable to the processing characteristics of polymer composites and to improve the comprehensive performance of the products. Second, it focuses on the 3D printable novel consumables for polymer composites, which mainly include the new printing filaments, printing inks, photosensitive resins, and printing powders, introducing the unique properties of the new consumables and different ways to apply them to 3D printing. Finally, the applications of 3D printing technology in the preparation of functional polymer composites (such as thermal conductivity, electromagnetic interference shielding, biomedicine, self‐healing, and environmental responsiveness) are explored, with a focus on the distribution of the functional fillers and the influence of the topological shapes on the properties and functional characteristics of the 3D printed products. The aim of this review is to deepen the understanding of the convergence between 3D printing technology and polymer composites and to anticipate future trends and applications.

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Estimating separable matching models
Authors: Galichon Alfred , Salanié Bernard
Published: June 2024

Most recent empirical applications of matching with transferable utility have imposed a natural restriction: that the joint surplus be separable in the sources of unobserved heterogeneity. We propose here two simple methods to estimate models in this class. The first method is a minimum distance estimator that relies on the generalized entropy of matching. The second applies to the more special but popular Choo and Siow model, which reformulates as a generalized linear model with two‐way fixed effects. Neither method requires solving for the stable matching. Both methods are easy to apply and perform very well.
Polyoxometalates for carbon dioxide activation: Current progress and perspective
Authors: Ahsan Hadia , Saeed Muhammad , Ahmad Waleed , Rehman Abdul , Haseeb Bashir Abdul , Aiman Vaneeza , Irshad Tasmia , Irtza Tuba , Zahid Usman
Published: June 2024

The elevated level of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the troposphere is playing a crucial role in changing the earth's climatic system. Excess CO2 concentration is trapping a substantial proportion of heat imparting adverse range of environmental effects like extreme weather events, agricultural impacts and disruption of the ecosystem. Strategies such as CO2 capturing and storage are being pursued using polyoxometalates (POMs) to mitigate the elevated level of CO2 and their efficient conversion into useful chemicals. This review outlines the importance of CO2 reduction by electrocatalytic and photocatalytic reduction of CO2. POMs have several advantages for CO2 activation because of their promising catalytic activity, high selectivity and versatility for incorporating different metal ions and ligands. The efficient redox active metal center facilitates the conversion of CO2 by providing sufficient activation energy. Their robust structure also enables them resist harsh conditions, including high temperature and acidic or basic conditions. Owing to these properties, POMs can be a catalyst, co‐catalyst, photosensitizer or multielectron donor for CO2 reduction. Finally, we stated the challenges and future insight for CO2 activation using POMs.
Kempe equivalent list colorings revisited
Authors: Chakraborty Dibyayan , Feghali Carl , Mahmoud Reem
Published: June 2024

A Kempe chain on colors and is a component of the subgraph induced by colors and . A Kempe change is the operation of interchanging the colors of some Kempe chains. For a list‐assignment and an ‐coloring , a Kempe change is ‐valid for if performing the Kempe change yields another ‐coloring. Two ‐colorings are ‐equivalent if we can form one from the other by a sequence of ‐valid Kempe changes. A degree‐assignment is a list‐assignment such that for every . Cranston and Mahmoud asked: For which graphs and degree‐assignment of is it true that all the ‐colorings of are ‐equivalent? We prove that for every 4‐connected graph which is not complete and every degree‐assignment of , all ‐colorings of are ‐equivalent.
Synthesis and Evaluation of a Cathepsin B–Recognizing Trifunctional Chelating Agent to Improve Tumor Retention of Radioimmunoconjugates
Authors: Jinda Hiroki , Nakashima Kazuma , Watanabe Hiroyuki , Ono Masahiro
Published: June 2024

Cathepsin B (CTSB) is a lysosomal protease that is overexpressed in tumor cells. Radioimmunoconjugates (RICs) composed of CTSB‐recognizing chelating agents are expected to increase the molecular weights of their radiometabolites by forming conjugates with CTSB in cells, resulting in their improved retention in tumor cells. We designed a novel CTSB‐recognizing trifunctional chelating agent, azide‐[111In]In‐DOTA‐CTSB‐substrate ([111In]In‐ADCS), to synthesize a RIC, trastuzumab‐[111In]In‐ADCS ([111In]In‐TADCS), and evaluated its utility to improve tumor retention of the RIC. [111In]In‐ADCS and [111In]In‐TADCS were synthesized with satisfactory yield and purity. [111In]In‐ADCS was markedly stable in murine plasma until 96 h postincubation. [111In]In‐ADCS showed binding to CTSB in vitro, and the conjugation was blocked by the addition of CTSB inhibitor. In the internalization assay, [111In]In‐TADCS exhibited high‐level retention in SK‐OV‐3 cells, indicating the in vitro utility of the CTSB‐recognizing unit. In the biodistribution assay, [111In]In‐TADCS showed high‐level tumor accumulation, but the retention was hardly improved. In the first attempt to combine a CTSB‐recognizing unit and RIC, these findings show the fundamental properties of the CTSB‐recognizing trifunctional chelating agent to improve tumor retention of RICs.
Trauma‐informed systems change training has transcultural, transcontinental transformative healing power: An analysis of leaders in the United States and Angola, Africa
Authors: Capuia Daniel , da Cruz Maria , Masseca Ana , Marques Engracia , Leite Paulo , Mangus Alexandra R. , Webb E. Kate , Ravichandran Caitlin , Ressler Kerry J. , Moreland‐Capuia Alisha
Published: June 2024

The Institute for Trauma‐Informed Systems Change (ITISC) facilitated a 2‐day, 12‐hr trauma‐informed workshop, delivered virtually, using the Training for Change curriculum. The workshop took place in Portuguese in September 2021 with a group of Angolan leaders (N = 51) and in May 2022, in English, with neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) workers from the United States (N = 73). Surveys were administered before (Time [T] 0) and after the workshop (T1) and consisted of demographic questions and the Survey for Trauma‐Informed Systems Change (STISC), which assesses system‐wide knowledge and attitudes about trauma‐informed systems change and the intersection of culture, safety, and acceptance in the workplace. At T1, 18 (35.3%) participants in the Angolan leaders’ group and 46 (63.0%) in the NICU group completed the surveys. Mean scores on the STISC Self‐Assessed Knowledge and Attitudes subscale and STISC System‐Wide Knowledge and Attitudes subscale increased significantly in both groups after the training. Effect sizes were large for self‐assessed knowledge and attitudes, Angolan leaders: d = 1.11, NICU: d = 1.97, and small‐to‐medium for system‐wide knowledge and attitudes, Angolan leaders: d = 0.52, NICU: d = 0.38. Limitations include the relatively small sample size and low participation rates for survey responses. Future research should examine the efficacy of the curriculum in larger samples that include individuals from diverse professions and additional countries. Together, the findings provide initial support that this training can be directly translated and implemented on a global scale.
Diagnosis and Management of Riga–Fede Disease: A Case Series
Authors: Nguyen Catherine G. , Wikner Emily E. , Gallagher Thomas Q. , Birsch Laurie A. , Darrow David H.
Published: June 2024

In this case series, we present four unique cases of Riga–Fede disease (RFD), a rare disorder characterized by mucosal trauma as a result of repetitive tongue protrusion against the incisors, leading to the development of a large oral mass/ulceration. Due to the rapid development and growth of these lesions mimicking malignancy, it is important for the general and pediatric otolaryngologist to correctly diagnose and treat this benign disorder. This series highlights the variable clinical presentations, along with comorbidities of RFD, as well as the importance of interdisciplinary care between the pediatric otolaryngologist and pediatric dentist in its management. Laryngoscope, 134:4803–4805, 2024
Climate‐influenced phenology of larval fish transport in a large lake
Authors: Gardner Spencer T. , Rowe Mark D. , Xue Pengfei , Zhou Xing , Alsip Peter J. , Bunnell David B. , Collingsworth Paris D. , Rutherford Edward S. , Höök Tomas O.
Published: June 2024

Elucidating physical transport phenologies in large lakes can aid understanding of larval recruitment dynamics. Here, we integrate a series of climate, hydrodynamic, biogeochemical, and Lagrangian particle dispersion models to: (1) simulate hatch and transport of fish larvae throughout an illustrative large lake, (2) evaluate patterns of historic and potential future climate‐induced larval transport, and (3) consider consequences for overlap with suitable temperatures and prey. Simulations demonstrate that relative offshore transport increases seasonally, with shifts toward offshore transport occurring earlier during relatively warm historic and future simulations. Intra‐ and inter‐annual trends in transport were robust to assumed pelagic larval duration and precise location and timing of hatching. Larvae retained nearshore generally encountered more favorable temperatures and zooplankton densities compared to larvae transported offshore. Larval exploitation of nearshore resources under climate change may depend on a concomitant shift to earlier spawning and hatch times in advance of earlier offshore transport.
A Simple Generic Model of Elastin–Like Polypeptides with Proline Isomerization
Authors: Zhao Yani , Cortes–Huerto Robinson , Mukherji Debashish
Published: June 2024

A generic model of elastin–like polypeptides (ELP) is derived that includes proline isomerization (ProI). As a case study, conformational transition of a –[valine–proline–glycine–valine–glycine]– sequence is investigated in aqueous ethanol mixtures. While the non–bonded interactions are based on the Lennard–Jones (LJ) parameters, the effect of ProI is incorporated by tuning the intramolecular 3– and 4–body interactions known from the underlying all–atom simulations into the generic model. One of the key advantages of such a minimalistic model is that it readily decouples the effects of geometry and the monomer–solvent interactions due to the presence of ProI, thus gives a clearer microscopic picture that is otherwise rather nontrivial within the all–atom setups. These results are consistent with the available all–atom and experimental data. The model derived here may pave the way to investigate large scale self–assembly of ELPs or biomimetic polymers in general.
On the potential of using ensemble learning algorithm to approach the partitioning coefficient (k) value in Scheil–Gulliver equation
Authors: Li Ziyu , Tan He , Jarfors Anders E. W. , Steggo Jacob , Lattanzi Lucia , Jansson Per
Published: June 2024

The Scheil–Gulliver equation is essential for assessing solid fractions during alloy solidification in materials science. Despite the prevalent use of the Calculation of Phase Diagrams (CALPHAD) method, its computational intensity and time are limiting the simulation efficiency. Recently, Artificial Intelligence has emerged as a potent tool in materials science, offering robust and reliable predictive modeling capabilities. This study introduces an ensemble‐based method that has the potential to enhance the prediction of the partitioning coefficient (k) in the Scheil equation by inputting various alloy compositions. The findings demonstrate that this approach can predict the temperature and solid fraction at the eutectic temperature with an accuracy exceeding 90%, while the accuracy for k prediction surpasses 70%. Additionally, a case study on a commercial alloy revealed that the model's predictions are within a 5°C deviation from experimental results, and the predicted solid fraction at the eutectic temperature is within a 15% difference of the values obtained from the CALPHAD model.
The anodic dissolution kinetics of Mg alloys in water based on ab initio molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Yan Jieqiong , Xu Xinchen , Shi Gaoning , Wang Yaowei , Guan Chaohong , Chen Yuyang , Yang Yao , Ying Tao , Zhu Hong , Tang Qingli , Zeng Xiaoqin
Published: June 2024

The corrosion susceptibility of magnesium (Mg) alloys presents a significant challenge for their broad application. Although there have been extensive experimental and theoretical investigations, the corrosion mechanisms of Mg alloys are still unclear, especially the anodic dissolution process. Here, a thorough theoretical investigation based on ab initio molecular dynamics and metadynamics simulations has been conducted to clarify the underlying corrosion mechanism of Mg anode and propose effective strategies for enhancing corrosion resistance. Through comprehensive analyses of interfacial structures and equilibrium potentials for Mg(0001)/H2O interface models with different water thicknesses, the Mg(0001)/72 H2O model is identified to be reasonable with −2.17 V vs. standard hydrogen electrode equilibrium potential. In addition, utilizing metadynamics, the free energy barrier for Mg dissolution is calculated to be 0.835 eV, enabling the theoretical determination of anodic polarization curves for pure Mg that aligns well with experimental data. Based on the Mg(0001)/72 H2O model, we further explore the effects of various alloying elements on anodic corrosion resistance, among which Al and Mn alloying elements are found to enhance corrosion resistance of Mg. This study provides valuable atomic‐scale insights into the corrosion mechanism of magnesium alloys, offering theoretical guidance for developing novel corrosion‐resistant Mg alloys.
BIOMX‐DB: A web application for the BIOFACQUIM natural product database
Authors: Martínez‐Urrutia Fernando , Medina‐Franco José L.
Published: June 2024

Natural product databases are an integral part of chemoinformatics and computer‐aided drug design. Despite their pivotal role, a distinct scarcity of projects in Latin America, particularly in Mexico, provides accessible tools of this nature. Herein, we introduce BIOMX‐DB, an open and freely accessible web‐based database designed to address this gap. BIOMX‐DB enhances the features of the existing Mexican natural product database, BIOFACQUIM, by incorporating advanced search, filtering, and download capabilities. The user‐friendly interface of BIOMX‐DB aims to provide an intuitive experience for researchers. For seamless access, BIOMX‐DB is freely available at www.biomx‐db.com