bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A SUMMARY OF RADIOCARBON MEASUREMENTS OF FLUVIAL AND COLLUVIAL DEPOSITS IN CATCHMENTS OF SOUTH-CENTRAL ONTARIO, CANADA
Authors: Mahaney William C , Stewart Andrew M
Published: February 2024

Fluvial and colluvial deposits of Late Holocene age in South-Central Ontario catchments have provided few 14C dates, most by conventional methods registering century-old ages. Other young deposits, dated by conventional and accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon (AMS 14C), have yielded bomb-affected post-1950 ages over variable time limits. Attempts to date the base of Ah and lower-in-section soil horizons, in Early to Late Holocene stream terrace deposits, have yielded atomic bomb effects. Comparing bomb contamination in Late Holocene fluvial deposits, using both conventional and AMS methods, identifies a mix of bomb-affected beds juxtaposed with dated beds, the latter yielding ages with narrow standard deviations. Colluvial deposits overlying key glacial sections in the Rouge Catchment, while rare, yield bracketed AMS ages for an Ahbk horizon that refines weathering times relative to previously obtained conventional 14C dates. Bomb-affected sediment appears variably distributed within floodplain soils and in the ground soil of a colluvial section. Mass wasted deposits, with AMS 14C ages spread over the last few centuries, appear related to Little Ice Age (LIA) changes in climate, corroborated by pollen records. Further, these AMS-14C dated beds calibrate weathering of secondary Fe-Al oxihydroxides over the first half a millennium of weathering time.
Fleshing Out the Strength of Weakness: Intercorporeality in the Theological Discourse on Disability
Authors: Massmann Alexander
Published: February 2024

In the context of theological interpretations of disabilities, I am arguing for the concept of “strength in weakness.” So far, a “theology of weakness,” which portrays people with disabilities as pointedly illustrating universal human weakness, has played a very prominent role in the field. I argue that this theological interpretation of disabilities should not be the dominant one. I trace the alternative model of “strength in weakness” in discussing writings by the apostle Paul and describe how it is supported by the anthropological concept of intercorporeality. Yet first, the article discusses Stanley Hauerwas’s theology of disability, which is not only a very pointed theology of weakness but also repeatedly associates disabilities with suffering. Since at least the latter aspect is in contrast with widespread self-perceptions among people with disabilities, a theology of weakness amounts to a “narrative prosthesis” (David Mitchell and Sharon Snyder). By contrast, Paul suggests that weakness can allow for distinct strengths. To flesh out distinctive competences of people with intellectual disabilities, I then discuss Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s concept of intercorporeality. Intercorporeality denotes a human competence more generally, but I suggest that it is often partly eclipsed by social norms. However, people with intellectual disabilities often pay less attention to social norms, which helps explain a distinctive intercorporeal competence among people with intellectual disabilities. Reduced attention to social norms can imply a distinctive strength.
JWST observations of ALMA [O iii] 88 μm emitters in the epoch of reionization
Authors: Hashimoto Takuya
Published: February 2024

Understanding properties of galaxies in the epoch of reionization (EoR) is a frontier in the modern astronomy. ALMA observations have demonstrated that i) some [O iii] 88 μm emitters have matured stellar populations at z>6, implying early star formation activity at z>10, and that ii) high-z star-forming galaxies typically have very high [O iii] 88 μm-to-[C ii] 158 μm luminosity ratios ranging from 3 to 12 or higher, indicating interstellar media of high-z galaxies could be highly ionized. We discuss initial results of a medium-sized JWST GO1 program that targets a sample of 12 z=6–8 ALMA [O iii] 88 μm emitters with NIRCam and NIRSPec IFU modes (GO-1840). Our JWST GO1 program, in conjunction with ALMA data, will characterize the stellar, nebular, and dust properties of these [O iii] 88 μm emitters and place this galaxies in the context of reionization.
The Prevalence of the α-bimodality: First JWST α-abundance Results in M31
Authors: Nidever David L. , Gilbert Karoline , Tollerud Erik , Siders Charles , Escala Ivanna , Prieto Carlos Allende , Smith Verne , Cunha Katia , Debattista Victor P. , Ting Yuan-Sen , Kirby Evan N.
Published: February 2024

We present initial results from our JWST NIRSpec program to study the α-abundances in the M31 disk. The Milky Way has two chemically-defined disks, the low-α and high-α disks, which are closely related to the thin and thick disks, respectively. The origin of the two populations and the α-bimodality between them is not entirely clear, although there are now several models that can reproduce the observed features. To help constrain the models and discern the origin, we have undertaken a study of the chemical abundances of the M31 disk using JWST NIRSpec, in order to determine whether stars in M31’s disk also show an α-abundance bimodality. Approximately 100 stars were observed in our single NIRSpec field at a projected distance of 18 kpc from the M31 center. The 1-D extracted spectra have an average signal-to-noise ratio of 85 leading to statistical metallicity precision of 0.016 dex, α-abundance precision of 0.012 dex, and a radial velocity precision 8 km s-1 (mostly from systematics). The initial results indicate that, in contrast to the Milky Way, there is no α-bimodality in the M31 disk, and no low-α sequence. The entire stellar population falls along a single chemical sequence very similar to the MW’s high-α component which had a high star formation rate. While this is somewhat unexpected, the result is not that surprising based on other studies that found the M31 disk has a larger velocity dispersion than the MW and is dominated by a thick component. M31 has had a more active accretion and merger history than the MW which might explain the chemical differences.
Bar pattern speed at z∼1–2 to explore challenges of the Standard Cosmology
Authors: Cuomo Virginia , Roshan Mahmood , Aguerri J. Alfonso L. , Morelli Lorenzo
Published: February 2024

Stellar bars drive the galaxy secular evolution. While rotating around the galaxy centre with a given angular frequency, the bar pattern speed, they sweep material and modify the galaxy structure. In the LCDM model, bars are expected to slow down by exchanging angular momentum with the other omponents and/or through dynamical friction exerted by the dark matter halo. The only direct method to derive the bar pattern speed, the Tremaine-Weinberg method, revealed that real bars rotate fast, stressing a tension between the observations, conducted to date in the local universe, and the LCDM model. Measuring the bar pattern speed to bars up to z∼1-2 will reveal if the expected bar evolutionary path is actually taking place and/or to confirm if the dark matter is able to exert friction. Using high resolution N-body simulations we tested the applicability of the Tremaine-Weinberg method to deep spectroscopy of the NIRSpec@JWST for a sample of bars at z∼1-2. Our analysis can be used to prepare an observational proposal to get dedicated data.
Development and Validation of the SPSQ-26
Authors: De Gucht Véronique , Woestenburg Dion H. A.
Published: February 2024

Abstract: The aim of this article was to develop an abbreviated version of the Sensory Processing Sensitivity Questionnaire (SPSQ), that maintains a similar factorial structure to the original and demonstrates good psychometric properties. The Short Form of the SPSQ (SPSQ-SF) was developed using a split-sample validation design. Items were retained based on impact on internal consistency reliability, fit to the hierarchical structure of the original SPSQ, and information curves based on a Graded Response Model. Subsequently, the dimensionality and fit to the latent structure of the SPSQ were evaluated. Correlations with the original SPSQ, other measures of Sensory Processing Sensitivity, personality, and clinical outcomes were examined. The SPSQ-SF demonstrated a good fit and high correlation with the original SPSQ. Positive correlations were observed with subscales of the Adult Temperament Questionnaire and the Highly Sensitive Person Scale. Neuroticism and Openness showed strong associations with the negative and positive higher-order dimensions of the SPSQ-SF, respectively. The negative higher-order dimension and Emotional and Physiological Reactivity subscale exhibited significant relationships with physical and psychological distress. Thus, the SPSQ-SF demonstrated good convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity. The SPSQ-SF offers a valid and reliable alternative to the original SPSQ, allowing for the collection of a large amount of information with fewer items.
An Object‐Based Approach to Differentiate Pores and Microfractures in Petrographic Analysis Using Explainable, Supervised Machine Learning
Authors: Jayachandran Issac Sujay Anand John , Gibbs Holly Catherine , Laya Juan Carlos , Qaiser Yemna , Khan Talha , Ansari Mohammed Ishaq Mohammed Shoeb , Ansari Mohammed Yaqoob , Malyah Mohammed , Alyafei Nayef , Seers Thomas Daniel
Published: February 2024

Petrographic observations are vital for carbonate pore‐typing, linking geological frameworks to petrophysical behavior. However, current petrographic pore typing is manual, with the qualitative to semi‐quantitative results not easily fitted into quantitative subsurface characterization. Some recent studies have automated this process using supervised machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), focusing on simple pore morphological features, and have reported high classification accuracies for several complex pore types. However, there are concerns about the validity of these studies due to conceptual and technical flaws in their collective approach. This study was aimed at a more fundamental problem, classifying between open microfractures and open pores in petrographic thin sections using an object‐based approach and explainable supervised ML. We analyzed 18 carbonate thin sections from the USA, numerically representing them using five shape features: compactness, aspect ratio, extent, solidity, and formfactor. Using a labeled data set of 400 microfractures and 400 pores, we evaluated nine of the most widely used supervised models. All models showed high testing accuracies (89.58%–90.42%). Interestingly, complex non‐linear models did not significantly outperform simpler linear ones. Compactness and aspect ratio were the most informative features. However, the labeled data sets did not reflect the overall data set's complexity, which suggested that high accuracies in similar studies might be due to curated data sets rather than accounting for the true complexity of carbonate pore systems. The study concludes that simple shape features are ineffective for classifying carbonate pore types. It is hoped that this study will provide a foundation for more robust artificial intelligence‐assisted pore typing.
Young Salmon in British Columbia Are Getting Bigger
Authors: Wilke Carolyn
Published: February 2024

A rediscovered catalog of sockeye scales gave researchers access to century-old fish DNA.
The Escalating Impact of Global Warming on Atmospheric Rivers
Authors: Sidik Saima
Published: February 2024

Climate change is set to intensify atmospheric rivers and exacerbate extreme rainfall worldwide.
Emerging roles of MITF as a crucial regulator of immunity
Authors: Lee Aram , Lim Jihyun , Lim Jong-Seok
Published: February 2024

Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), a basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper transcription factor (bHLH-Zip), has been identified as a melanocyte-specific transcription factor and plays a critical role in melanocyte survival, differentiation, function, proliferation and pigmentation. Although numerous studies have explained the roles of MITF in melanocytes and in melanoma development, the function of MITF in the hematopoietic or immune system—beyond its function in melanin-producing cells—is not yet fully understood. However, there is convincing and increasing evidence suggesting that MITF may play multiple important roles in immune-related cells. Therefore, this review is focused on recent advances in elucidating novel functions of MITF in cancer progression and immune responses to cancer. In particular, we highlight the role of MITF as a central modulator in the regulation of immune responses, as elucidated in recent studies.
Transforming growth factor-β receptors: versatile mechanisms of ligand activation
Authors: Chia Zheng-Jie , Cao Ying-nan , Little Peter J. , Kamato Danielle
Published: February 2024

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling is initiated by activation of transmembrane TGF-β receptors (TGFBR), which deploys Smad2/3 transcription factors to control cellular responses. Failure or dysregulation in the TGF-β signaling pathways leads to pathological conditions. TGF-β signaling is regulated at different levels along the pathways and begins with the liberation of TGF-β ligand from its latent form. The mechanisms of TGFBR activation display selectivity to cell types, agonists, and TGF-β isoforms, enabling precise control of TGF-β signals. In addition, the cell surface compartments used to release active TGF-β are surprisingly vibrant, using thrombospondins, integrins, matrix metalloproteinases and reactive oxygen species. The scope of TGFBR activation is further unfolded with the discovery of TGFBR activation initiated by other signaling pathways. The unique combination of mechanisms works in series to trigger TGFBR activation, which can be explored as therapeutic targets. This comprehensive review provides valuable insights into the diverse mechanisms underpinning TGFBR activation, shedding light on potential avenues for therapeutic exploration.
Intrauterine growth and the tangential expansion of the human cerebral cortex in times of food scarcity and abundance
Authors: Vosberg Daniel E. , Jurisica Igor , Pausova Zdenka , Paus Tomáš
Published: February 2024

Tangential growth of the human cerebral cortex is driven by cell proliferation during the first and second trimester of pregnancy. Fetal growth peaks in mid-gestation. Here, we explore how genes associated with fetal growth relate to cortical growth. We find that both maternal and fetal genetic variants associated with higher birthweight predict larger cortical surface area. The relative dominance of the maternal vs. fetal variants in these associations show striking variations across birth years (1943 to 1966). The birth-year patterns vary as a function of the epigenetic status near genes differentially methylated in individuals exposed (or not) to famine during the Dutch Winter of 1944/1945. Thus, it appears that the two sets of molecular processes contribute to early cortical development to a different degree in times of food scarcity or its abundance.
Neuromorphic electro-stimulation based on atomically thin semiconductor for damage-free inflammation inhibition
Authors: Bao Rong , Wang Shuiyuan , Liu Xiaoxian , Tu Kejun , Liu Jingquan , Huang Xiaohe , Liu Chunsen , Zhou Peng , Liu Shen
Published: February 2024

Inflammation, caused by accumulation of inflammatory cytokines from immunocytes, is prevalent in a variety of diseases. Electro-stimulation emerges as a promising candidate for inflammatory inhibition. Although electroacupuncture is free from surgical injury, it faces the challenges of imprecise pathways/current spikes, and insufficiently defined mechanisms, while non-optimal pathway or spike would require high current amplitude, which makes electro-stimulation usually accompanied by damage and complications. Here, we propose a neuromorphic electro-stimulation based on atomically thin semiconductor floating-gate memory interdigital circuit. Direct stimulation is achieved by wrapping sympathetic chain with flexible electrodes and floating-gate memory are programmable to fire bionic spikes, thus minimizing nerve damage. A substantial decrease (73.5%) in inflammatory cytokine IL-6 occurred, which also enabled better efficacy than commercial stimulator at record-low currents with damage-free to sympathetic neurons. Additionally, using transgenic mice, the anti-inflammation effect is determined by β2 adrenergic signaling from myeloid cell lineage (monocytes/macrophages and granulocytes).
Drought response of the boreal forest carbon sink is driven by understorey–tree composition
Authors: Martínez-García Eduardo , Nilsson Mats B. , Laudon Hjalmar , Lundmark Tomas , Fransson Johan E. S. , Wallerman Jörgen , Peichl Matthias
Published: February 2024

The boreal forest is an important global carbon sink, but its response to drought remains uncertain. Here, we compiled biometric- and chamber-based flux data from 50 boreal forest stands to assess the impact of the 2018 European summer drought on net ecosystem production (NEP) across a 68 km2 managed landscape in northern Sweden. Our results reveal a non-uniform reduction in NEP (on average by 80 ± 16 g C m−2 yr−1 or 57 ± 13%) across the landscape, which was greatest in young stands of 20–50 years (95 ± 39 g C m−2 yr−1), but gradually decreased towards older stands (54 ± 57 g C m−2 yr−1). This pattern was attributed to the higher sensitivity of forest-floor understorey to drought and its decreasing contribution to production relative to trees during stand development. This suggests that an age-dependent shift in understorey–tree composition with increasing stand age drives the drought response of the boreal forest NEP. Thus, our study advocates the need for partitioning ecosystem responses to improve empirical and modelling assessments of carbon cycle–climate feedbacks in boreal forests. It further implies that the forest age structure may strongly determine the carbon sink response to the projected increase in drought events across the managed boreal landscape.
Energy management of electric vehicle using a new strategy based on slap swarm optimization and differential flatness control
Authors: Ghadbane Houssam Eddine , Barkat Said , Djerioui Ali , Houari Azeddine , Oproescu Mihai , Bizon Nicu
Published: February 2024

Optimal energy management of electric vehicles using slap swarm optimization and differential flatness control has been proposed. A battery–supercapacitor power system is adopted. Each source is connected in parallel to the DC-bus using DC–DC bidirectional converters and supplies a synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM) based drive. The proposed EMS fundamental forces lie in using a combination of complementary proprieties of two approaches, a Slap Swarm optimization Algorithm and Differential Flatness (DF). With a fast optimization mechanism, the Slap Swarm optimization algorithm allows adapting in real-time conditions the DF gains to optimize the system performances. On its side, DF uses predefined trajectories respecting the physical proprieties of the system, which is a powerful tool to guarantee the dynamic constraints of the sources when ensuring desired robust control proprieties. To check the feasibility and performance of the suggested EMS, comprehensive processor-in-the-loop co-simulations of the electric vehicle were carried out using the C2000 launchxl-f28379d DSP board. The main goal of the proposed EMS is to guarantee the DC-bus stabilization, reducing the DC-bus voltage ripples (Δv = 5 V) and the voltage overshoots 15 V (3.2%), respect the source dynamics, and satisfy the SynRM motor power demand. Furthermore, the algorithm minimizes induced harmonics by the drive (10.49%), reducing the battery current ripple by 17.15A, thereby enhancing the battery lifecycle.
Habitat potential modelling and the effect of climate change on the current and future distribution of three Thymus species in Iran using MaxEnt
Authors: Hosseini Naser , Ghorbanpour Mansour , Mostafavi Hossein
Published: February 2024

Over the course of a few decades, climate change has caused a rapid and alarming reshaping of species habitats, resulting in mass extinction, particularly among sensitive species. In order to investigate the effects of climate change on species distribution and assess habitat suitability, researchers have developed species distribution models (SDMs) that estimate present and future species distribution. In West Asia, thyme species such as T. fedtschenkoi, T. pubescens, and T. transcaucasicus are rich in thymol and carvacrol, and are commonly used as herbal tea, spice, flavoring agents, and medicinal plants. This study aims to model the distribution of these Thymus species in Iran using the MaxEnt model under two representative concentration pathways (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5) for the years 2050 and 2070. The objective is to identify the crucial bioclimatic (n = 5), edaphic (n = 1), and topographic (n = 3) variables that influence their distribution and predict how their distribution might change under various climate scenarios. The findings reveal that the most significant variable affecting T. fedtschenkoi and T. pubescens is altitude, while soil organic carbon content is the primary factor influencing the distribution of T. transcaucasicus. The MaxEnt modeling demonstrates excellent performance, as indicated by all the area under the curve (AUC) values exceeding 0.9. Based on the projections, it is expected that these three thyme species will experience negative area changes in the coming years. These results can serve as a valuable tool for developing adaptive management strategies aimed at enhancing protection and sustainable utilization in the context of global climate change. Special attention should be given to conserving T. fedtschenkoi, T. pubescens, and T. transcaucasicus due to their significant habitat loss in the future.
A macroscopic clock model to solve the paradox of Schrödinger’s cat
Authors: Sokolovski D. , Uranga A. , Akhmatskaya E.
Published: February 2024

We propose detecting the moment an atom emits a photon by means of a nearly classical macroscopic clock and discuss its viability. It is shown that what happens in such a measurement depends on the relation between the clock’s accuracy and the width of the energy range available to the photon. Implications of the analysis for the long standing Schrödinger’s cat problem are reported.
Association between lipid profile in early pregnancy and the risk of congenital heart disease in offspring: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Zhao Minli , Zhang Danwei , Wang Xinrui , Li Haibo , Sun Bin , Wu Zhengqin , Zhu Yibing , Cao Hua
Published: February 2024

This study aimed to investigate the association of lipid profile in early pregnancy and the risk of congenital heart disease (CHD) in offspring. This study was a prospective cohort design based on the Fujian Birth Cohort Study in China. We recruited pregnant women at ≤ 14 weeks of gestation between 2019 and 2022, and all participants in this study filled out the questionnaire about periconceptional exposure. Simultaneously, we collected participants’ fasting blood samples to measure their lipid profile by automatic biochemical analyzer. The outcome was defined as offspring with CHD. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to calculate adjusted odds ratio (AOR) risk estimates, which indicate the associations between maternal lipid profiles and CHD in offspring. Restricted cubic splines were used to estimate their nonlinear relationship. A total of 21,425 pregnant women with an average gestational age of 11.3 (± 1.40) weeks were included in the analysis. The higher triglyceride (AOR 1.201, 95% CI [1.036, 1.394]), low-density lipoprotein (AOR 1.216, 95% CI [1.048, 1.410]), apolipoprotein B (Apo B) (AOR 2.107, 95% CI [1.179, 3.763]) levels were correlated with increased odds of CHD in offspring, while high-density lipoprotein (OR 0.672, 95% CI [0.490, 0.920]) related with decreased odds of CHD in offspring. The restricted cubic spline suggested a nonlinear relationship between total cholesterol (TC) levels and the risk of CHD in offspring (P = 0.0048), but no significant nonlinear relationships were found in other lipid profile. Apolipoprotein A was not related to the risk of CHD in offspring as either a continuous variable or a hierarchical variable. Elevated lipid profile in early pregnancy levels are associated with an increased risk of CHD in offspring. Additionally, there is a non-linear relationship between TC levels and the risk of CHD in offspring.
Therapeutic effect of intense pulsed light on different types of chalazion in children
Authors: Jiang Jiao , Yang Xiaoge , Du Feifan , Zheng Wei , Yang Yang
Published: February 2024

This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) therapy for chalazion treatment while also exploring potential variations in sensitivity among different types of chalazion. A total of 149 patients were selected to receive tobramycin combined with IPL treatment and tobramycin combined with hot compress. The treatment groups were divided into cystic type and granulomatous type according to different clinical manifestations. The course of treatment was 3 weeks. The improvement was based on the ultrasound measurement of the masses reduction of more than 50% or disappearance. In the IPL group, 17 (22.67%) cases were cured, 39 (52.00%) were effective, and 19 (25.33%) were ineffective. This includes: cystic type was cured in 3 (15.79%), effective in 5 (26.32%) cases, ineffective in 11 (57.89%) cases; granulomatous type was cured in 14 (25.00%) cases, effective in 34 (60.71%) cases, ineffective in 8 (14.29%) cases. In the hot compress group, 5 (6.76%) cases were cured, 16 (21.62%) cases were effective and 53 (71.62%) cases were ineffective. The cystic type was cured in 2 (8.00%) cases, effective in 3 (12.00%) cases and ineffective in 20 (80.00%) cases; the granulomatous type was cured in 3 (6.12%) cases, effective in 13 (26.53%) cases and ineffective in 33 (67.35%) cases. The cure rate and efficacy rate of IPL treatment is higher than that of hot compress treatment, the treatment effect of IPL treatment on granulomatous chalazion is better than that on cystic type.
Microstructure and tribological behaviour of CoCrCuFeTi high entropy alloy reinforced SS304 through friction stir processing
Authors: Radhika N. , Krishna S. Aravind , Basak Animesh Kumar , Adediran Adeolu Adesoji
Published: February 2024

Surface modification by suitable technique aids in improving the characteristics of material to resist severe wear in demanding environments and challenging applications. The present study aims to analyse the tribological performance of Stainless Steel (SS304) reinforced with CoCrCuFeTi High Entropy Alloy (HEA) through friction stir processing and compares the results with annealed specimens. The CoCrCuFeTi HEA was ball milled and revealed irregular fragment particles with Body Centred Cubic (BCC) phase. The processed samples exhibited excellent refinement in grains with uniform HEA reinforcement distribution. The grains were observed to be in nano level post-annealing promoting exceptional microhardness. The pin-on-disc wear test was conducted by varying load (10-40N), sliding velocity (0.5–3.5 m/s) and sliding distance (500–2000 m) and the respective worn surface was analysed. The processed sample with HEA after annealing offered 29.8%, 57.4% and 58.49% improved wear resistance at the minimum level of load, sliding velocity and sliding distance than the processed base samples. The worn morphology revealed delamination, abrasion, adhesion and oxide layer formation to be the predominant wear mechanisms.
Development of salt-induced homogeneous liquid–liquid extraction using a deep eutectic solvent performed in a narrow-bore tube for the extraction of Zn(ii), Cu(ii), and Cd(ii) ions from honey samples
Authors: Zendehdel Ali Asghar , Sorouraddin Saeed Mohammad , Farajzadeh Mir Ali
Published: February 2024

In this study, a sample preparation procedure based on salt-induced homogeneous liquid–liquid extraction performed in a narrow-bore tube was used for the preconcentration and extraction of Zn(ii), Cu(ii), and Cd(ii) ions from honey samples.
Effect of phosphoric acid additive on the electrolyte of all-vanadium flow batteries
Authors: Wu Xuewen , Liao Jingjing , Yin Xingrong , Liu Jun , Wu Saixiang , Wu Xiongwei , Xie Zhiyong , Ling Wei
Published: February 2024

A phosphoric acid additive with an optimal concentration of 0.1 M can maintain the high-temperature stability (55 °C) of an electrolyte at a high state of charge (SOC) of 70% over the course of 30 days.
Crystallization of para-aminobenzoic acid forms from specific solvents
Authors: Hussain Mohammed Noorul , Van Meervelt Luc , Van Gerven Tom
Published: February 2024

Crystallization of p-ABA in a DMF system led to nucleation of a new solvate – Sp-ABA/DMF.
Solubility- and melting-based approaches to evaluate the inner-crystal enantiophobia and enantiophilia undergoing a structural change within a homologous series, exemplified by chiral glycerol ethers
Authors: Zakharychev Dmitry V. , Fayzullin Robert R.
Published: February 2024

Solubility- and melting-based approaches to estimate the inner-crystal chiral discrimination are present.
Hydrogen adsorption on various transition metal (111) surfaces in water: a DFT forecast
Authors: Karimadom Basil Raju , Sermiagin Alina , Meyerstein Dan , Zidki Tomer , Mizrahi Amir , Bar-Ziv Ronen , Kornweitz Haya
Published: February 2024

The hydrogen adsorption and hydrogen evolution at the M(111), (M = Ag, Au Cu, Pt, Pd, Ni & Co) surfaces of various transition metals in aqueous suspensions were studied computationally using the DFT methods.
Solvation/desolvation induced reversible distortion change and switching between spin crossover and single molecular magnet behaviour in a cobalt(ii) complex
Authors: Zenno Hikaru , Sekine Yoshihiro , Zhang Zhongyue , Hayami Shinya
Published: February 2024

The cobalt(ii) compound [Co(MeOphterpy)2](ClO4)2 shows reversible switching between SCO and SMM properties depending on solvation or desolvation.
Stimuli-responsive luminescence from polar cyano/isocyano-derived luminophores via structural tailoring and self-assembly
Authors: Yang Bo , Yan Suqiong , Zhang Yuan , Feng Fanda , Huang Wei
Published: February 2024

Polar cyano and their isomeric isocyano counterparts have attracted great attention as stimuli-responsive luminescent materials in recent years. This article reviewed their development from structural tailoring and self-assembly perspectives.
Exploring the cytotoxicity of dinuclear Ru(ii) p-cymene complexes appended N,N′-bis(4-substituted benzoyl)hydrazines: insights into the mechanism of apoptotic cell death
Authors: Abirami Arunachalam , Devan Umapathy , Ramesh Rengan , Antony Joseph Velanganni Arockiam , Małecki Jan Grzegorz
Published: February 2024

A set of dinuclear arene Ru(ii) hydrazine complexes were synthesized and characterized. All the complexes exhibited excellent cytotoxicity against distinct human cancer cells and the apoptotic cell death was assessed by various biochemical analyses.
Aqueous sodium tosylate: a sustainable medium for alkylations
Authors: Bleus Sem , Semerel Jeltzlin , Dehaen Wim
Published: February 2024

A simple, efficient alkylation strategy in a recyclable aqueous medium is presented, repurposing the generated waste as a reaction medium.
Use of the dilated electron propagator in conjunction with the modified smooth exterior scaling method to characterize 2S Be+ (1s−1), 2S Ne+ (1s−1) Auger and 2P Be− shape resonances
Authors: Banuary Mwdansar , Kumar Deepak , Gupta Ashish Kumar
Published: February 2024

The modified smooth exterior scaling (MSES) method is an efficient method to impose outgoing boundary conditions in electron–atom or electron–molecule scatterings.
Kinetic trapping of nanoparticles by solvent-induced interactions
Authors: Singletary Troy , Drazer German , Marschilok Amy C. , Takeuchi Esther S. , Takeuchi Kenneth J. , Colosqui Carlos E.
Published: February 2024

Solvent-induced interactions produce the kinetic trapping of nanoparticles at nanoscale particle–wall separations.
Mechanical enhancement and high linearity health monitoring of composite materials based on CNTs/PSF/PI film sensor with ultra-low SWCNTs doping content
Authors: Cui Xiaoyu , Wang Ying , Lu Shaowei , Wang Yuxuan , Zhang Binbin , Yang Yuxuan , Xie Yunqi , Zhang Lu
Published: February 2024

A new type of embedded composite material health monitoring nano-sensor is designed to ensure that the unique material advantages of nanofillers can be maximized.
Nickel-catalyzed oxidative thiolation of α-amino carbonyl compounds with thiols
Authors: Li Gaoqiang , Zhao Xiaoqian , Zhang Jiarui , Liu Xue , Sun Bangguo , Xu Feng
Published: February 2024

An efficient Ni(ii)-catalyzed oxidative thiolation of α-amino ketones and ester with various thiols has been realized, providing a straightforward strategy to access α,α-aminothiocarbonyl compounds in good to excellent yields.
Controlling product selectivity during dioxygen reduction with Mn complexes using pendent proton donor relays and added base
Authors: Cook Emma N. , Courter Ian M. , Dickie Diane A. , Machan Charles W.
Published: February 2024

Pendent proton donor relays in molecular Mn catalysts for dioxygen reduction kinetically favor hydrogen peroxide as a product, however, buffering the proton donor with its conjugate base shifts the mechanism to a bimolecular pathway to produce water.
Discovery of antibacterial manganese(i) tricarbonyl complexes through combinatorial chemistry
Authors: Scaccaglia Mirco , Birbaumer Michael P. , Pinelli Silvana , Pelosi Giorgio , Frei Angelo
Published: February 2024

To accelerate the discovery of novel metalloantibiotics we applied combinatorial synthesis to the preparation of 420 novel manganese tricarbonyl complexes.
Block copolymer synthesis in ionic liquid via polymerisation-induced self-assembly: a convenient route to gel electrolytes
Authors: Maitland Georgia L. , Liu Mingyu , Neal Thomas J. , Hammerton James , Han Yisong , Worrall Stephen D. , Topham Paul D. , Derry Matthew J.
Published: February 2024

Block copolymer nanoparticles are synthesised via polymerisation-induced self-assembly (PISA) in ionic liquid to yield gel electrolytes, or “ionogels”, at low polymer content without the organic co-solvent or post-polymerisation processing.
Correction: Recent progress on covalent organic frameworks for photocatalytic hydrogen generation via water splitting
Authors: Zhu Shan-Shan , Zhang Zhenwei , Li Zhongping , Liu Xiaoming
Published: February 2024

Correction for ‘Recent progress on covalent organic frameworks for photocatalytic hydrogen generation via water splitting’ by Shan-Shan Zhu et al., Mater. Chem. Front., 2024, https://doi.org/10.1039/d3qm00965c.
Correction: Magnetic response of photonic crystals based on nucleating agents of binuclear complexes
Authors: Tu Mengdong , Xu Mengying , Wei Xi , Gong Depeng , Chen Jun , Zhang Chaocan
Published: February 2024

Correction for ‘Magnetic response of photonic crystals based on nucleating agents of binuclear complexes’ by Mengdong Tu et al., J. Mater. Chem. C, 2023, 11, 16922–16927, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3TC02786D.
A novel deep learning technique to detect electricity theft in smart grids using AlexNet
Authors: Khan Nitasha , Shahid Zeeshan , Alam Muhammad Mansoor , Sajak Aznida Abu Bakar , Nazar Mobeen , Mazliham Mohd Suud
Published: February 2024

Electricity theft (ET), which endangers public safety, interferes with the regular operation of grid infrastructure, and increases revenue losses, is a significant issue for power companies. To find ET, numerous machine learning, deep learning, and mathematically based algorithms have been published in the literature. However, these models do not yield the greatest results due to issues like the dimensionality curse, class imbalance, inappropriate hyper‐parameter tuning of machine learning, deep learning models etc. A hybrid DL model is presented for effectively detecting electricity thieves in smart grids while considering the abovementioned concerns. Pre‐processing techniques are first employed to clean up the data from the smart meters, and then the feature extraction technique, AlexNet is used to address the curse of dimensionality. An actual dataset of Chinese smart meters is used in simulations to assess the efficacy of the suggested approach. To conduct a comparative analysis, various benchmark models are implemented as well. This proposed model achieves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1‐score, up to 86%, 89%, 86%, and 84%, respectively.
Empleo de levaduras no-Saccharomyces como estrategia para aumentar la acidez de vinos dulces en un contexto de cambio climático
Authors: Sánchez-Suárez Fernando , de Lerma Nieves López , del Valle Palenzuela María , Rosal Antonio , Moreno Juan , Peinado Rafael A.
Published: February 2024

El cambio climático está afectando negativamente la calidad de los vinos de las regiones más meridionales de Europa. Uno de los efectos más acusados es el descenso en la acidez de los mostos y la subida del pH, además de la disminución del potencial aromático. En respuesta a este problema, se ha evaluado un método para mejorar la acidez y el aroma de los vinos mediante el uso de levaduras no-Saccharomyces, específicamente Lachancea thermotolerans y Torulaspora delbrueckii. Se ha utilizado mosto de una variedad de uva blanca de baja acidez y aroma neutro (Cayetana Blanca) para evaluar la capacidad mejorante de estas levaduras en la producción de vinos dulces. Tras la fermentación y el posterior análisis analítico, aromático y organoléptico, se ha observado un aumento de acidez producido por la levadura Lachancea thermotolerans debido a la producción de ácido láctico durante la fermentación. Además, esta levadura se percibe como más atractiva por los catadores expertos en los tres ítems evaluados (fase visual, olfativa y gustativa). Son necesarios futuros estudios para saber más sobre el metabolismo de estas levaduras y mejorar los vinos producidos mediante variaciones en las condiciones de fermentación, realizando coupages o seleccionando cepas específicas de estas levaduras.
La dématérialisation au service de l’appellation
Authors: Huysmans Anaïs
Published: February 2024

The risks around appellations having their reputation abused and their names tarnished, as well as the risk of counterfeit, are becoming a reality that must be fought. The Côtes de Provence wine syndicate, recognised as a defence and management organisation under article L 642-22 of the rural and maritime fishing code, is responsible for defending the integrity and name of the appellation from which it derives. Its role is to protect the use of the distinctive "Provence" name that is unique to the wine world. In addition to the legal framework around securing exports, which will be the subject of a brief introductory development, the syndicate must adapt to new information technologies in order to seize on regulatory opportunity.
Vineyard Register digital information valorization by French Public Institutions
Authors: Gautier Jacques , Mayoux Laurent , Angevin Florian , Bouy Frédéric
Published: February 2024

Vineyard Register is the fund element of the viticultural European politic and a database handled by each producing state member which gather all information on vineyard and economic operators of the wine sector and trade. Moreover, Vineyard Register is the reference tool about vine area, harvests, wine production, stocks and oenological practices of all operators of each state members. Beyond what the Vineyard register database allows about statistic information production and communication on regular basis, those data are used by many public institutions for different meanings. All establishment concerned are working in partnership for a better use of the database to achieve their task. This article, with few examples, will demonstrate the diversity of use of the Vineyard register database by actors of public institutions and present highlight data IT tools. A focus will be done on the data using to be checked by the Customs Department (vineyard register French administrator). Also, a point will be addressed on how to make the data available on vineyard and wine producing for the public by FranceAgriMer. INAO (National Institute of origin and quality) use of vineyard register’s data in the context of follow ups and support wine and vineyards with official signs of identification of the origin and quality will be developed.
Tracing and tracking wine bottles: Protecting consumers and producers
Authors: Pesme Jacques-Olivier
Published: February 2024

The effective tracking and tracing of wine bottles is critical to ensure consumers are receiving high quality wine from the place of origin that is stated on the label and produced from grapes grown in that place. Wine production and its supply chain are controlled by different laws around the globe. From the International Organization of Vine and Wine (OIV) to the European Union (EU) and other national governments, suppliers and producers are required to provide specific documentation as the wines make their way to consumers. However, the wine industry loses billions from counterfeit wine and illicit trade. That is why the improvement of the methods applied to verify the origin and the quality of wines is important to protect wine consumers and producers. This short presentation explores what members of the Wine Origins Alliance (WOA) are doing within their respected regions to effectively trace and track their wine bottles along the entire value chain, with intelligent labeling and data recording through effective technology. Specifically, WOA provides case studies from its members that give an overview of the methods they have implemented (or are working to implement) to ensure consumers know the true origins of the wine. Their commitment to quality, traceability, and transparency are the very reasons why these regions are considered among the most renowned across the globe. Below are a few examples of the case studies that will be presented. * Chianti Classico. All the wines can be traced from the vineyard to the bottle as the entire production is monitored and recorded. Each bottle must be adorned with a government-issued label on the bottle neck, which contains an alphanumeric code that consumers can use to access the wine’s official chemical analysis and quantity bottled on the open database located on the Chianti Classico website. * Champagne. The General Syndicate of Winegrowers in Champagne (SGV) contracted with Advanced Track & Trace to supply the CLOE caps, which feature a unique serialized code and hologram. A QR code customized to the Champagne grower’s visual identity, which appears on the exterior of the cap, offers customers “access to each bottle's unique information, concealed on the inside of the cap. That includes a serial number, signature, message and illustration of the brand, as well as the ability to check the bottle's origin.” *Rioja. All wine bottles produced in the region are required to include numbered seals for specific zones or municipalities. But, in the Rioja Alta zone, producers have been using artificial vision to photograph each bottle, scanning the code and marking it on the bottle with ultraviolet (UV) link and integrating it into each winery’s computer systems, allowing wineries “to identify and monitor each and every bottle individually, from the moment the wine is labelled until it is delivered to every client, distributor or importer anywhere in the world.”
The intelligent use of ethanol for direct determination of methanol in wines
Authors: Charapitsa Siarhei , Sytova Svetlana , Kavalenka Anton , Sabalenka Lidziya , Zayats Mikhail , Egorov Vladimir , Leschev Sergey , Kolesnov Alexander
Published: February 2024

The results of experimental studies of the method based on the usage of ethyl alcohol as an internal standard for the direct determination of methyl alcohol in wines are presented. The method was validated in terms of precision, accuracy, limits of detection and quantification (LOD and LOQ), linearity, and robustness. The results, obtained for the developed method, were compared with the results, obtained for the official internal standard method OIV-MA-AS312-03A, using 4-methylpentan-2-ol as an internal standard. The within- and between-day precision (RSD) values of concentrations were in the ranges of 0.1-1.6% and 0.4-2.1% for the developed and official methods, correspondingly. The recovery values of concentrations were in the ranges of 99.4-101.7% and 99.4-102.3% for the developed and official methods, correspondingly. The linearity parameters R2 were 0.99996 and 0.99995 for the developed and official methods, correspondingly, as well as the LODs were 0.46 mg/L and 0.65 mg/L, the LOQs were 1.39 mg/L and 1.96 mg/L for mentioned methods. 36 samples of red, white and pink wines with different sugar levels (dry, semi-dry, semi-sweet and sweet) were studied by both developed and official methods. The relative difference between results obtained for both methods didn’t exceed ±1.5%.
Digital online training for wine professionals: From responsible service to a sustainable consumption of wine
Authors: Fradera Ursula , Fritella Nadia , Gonzalez Diego , Sandeman George , de Diego Eduardo , Terrien Cécile
Published: February 2024

Moderate and responsible wine consumption is integral to many cultures around the world and can be part of a healthy lifestyle. However, a minority consumes alcoholic beverages excessively or in a binge drinking pattern. Everybody in the wine value chain - from the producer to the salesperson to the restaurant service staff – can contribute to reduce harmful consumption and promote responsible drinking patterns. Therefore, the education of wine professionals is essential to equip them with the necessary knowledge to communicate and spread the message of responsible consumption patterns end encourage moderate consumption habits by serving alcoholic beverages responsibly . For this reason, nine interactive online training modules have been developed, the topics include: wine/alcoholic beverages and health, responsible advertising, the wine-related legal framework, responsible wine tastings, oenotourism to just name a few. All of the educational modules will be obligatory in the online training. The participants of the training will take a test at the beginning and at the end of every module. Every professional who has successfully completed the digital training will be considered a Wine in Moderation trained professional. For this, they need to have reached at least 80% in the quizzes at the end of all modules. Because wine drinking patterns vary depending on local traditions, education, gender, age group and socio-economic factors, the training can be adapted in every country. At the end of a successful completion of the training, the participant will receive a certificate. The details of the online training will be presented and discussed. Considering the increasing interest in wine/alcoholic beverages and health issues and professional training in responsible service, these online education modules should be useful for every actor of the wine sector to empower as many professionals as possible on responsible consumption habits. This is the only way the sector will be able to preserve a sustainable culture of wine.
Adolescent drinking: Should sources of alcohol be distinguished in studies?
Authors: Brugiere Françoise
Published: February 2024

Adolescence is a period of critical and decisive life in the exploration of limits, the experimentation of products and the setting up of future behaviours of the adult in becoming. Many qualitative and quantitative studies are concerned with this age of life and particularly with the risk practices of adolescents. Today, digital technologies make it possible to collect more information on ever larger samples. In the case of alcohol, should all alcoholic beverages be considered to be problematic in themselves, or would it be relevant to distinguish between the different drinks and the specific consumption practices associated with them?

The communication explores these different options through international bibliographic research.