bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recurrent Syncope During Migraine Attacks
Authors: Dias da Costa Mariana , Nunes Vicente Beatriz , Dourado Sotero Filipa , Pavão Martins Isabel
Published: November 2024

Migraine is a cyclic condition with attacks consisting mainly of intense headaches, sensory intolerance, and nausea or vomiting. Loss of consciousness during attacks is often attributed exclusively to a neurally mediated reflex to pain, although it may also be due to migraine’s autonomic impairment, with cardiac conduction abnormalities, probably in relation to a degree of reduced sympathetic function. We report the case of a 51-year-old woman presenting episodes of syncope exclusively after vomiting during migraine attacks. A 24-hour Holter monitoring performed during a migraine attack disclosed an intermittent complete atrioventricular block coincident with an episode of syncope. The patient was implanted with a pacemaker without further syncopes on subsequent attacks. This case highlights the importance of clinical suspicion and investigation of syncope during migraine attacks. Recurrent syncope during migraine should not be attributed to pain to avoid misdiagnosis and ensure the treatment of other important causes of syncope.
Comparison between Measured and Predicted Basal Metabolic Rate in Indonesian Adolescent Female Basketball Players
Authors: Rizal Mochammad , Gifari Nazhif , Arini Ni Putu Dewi
Published: November 2024

Background: Accurate estimation of energy requirement is significantly crucial for athletes to support performance. Meanwhile, Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) constitutes the largest component of Total Energy Expenditure (TEE) and is commonly assessed using estimation formulas.
Objectives: This study aimed to compare measured and predicted BMR using Body Impedance Analysis (BIA) and estimation formulas respectively among adolescent female basketball players in the Youth Sports Training Center (PPOP) Special Capital Region (DKI) Jakarta.
Methods: A total of 12 adolescent female basketball players aged 14-18 years were subjected to BIA measurements to obtain BMR and body composition. BMR was compared with 24 formulas using paired t-tests, while mean differences and effect size were analyzed to determine the best predictive formula.
Results: The results showed significant differences between measured (1473.6±201.2 kcal) and the majority of all predicted BMR (p-value<0.05), except for Cunningham (1459.0±102.1 kcal), Harris-Benedict (1441.7±87.0 kcal), IMNA (1398.7±91.1 kcal), and Kim (1384.3±69.6 kcal). The smallest differences between measured and predicted BMR were observed in Cunningham (14.7±113.3 kcal) and Harris-Benedict (31.9±116.2 kcal). Effect size analyses showed large differences in the majority of formulas (>1), while Cunningham (0.129) and Harris-Benedict (0.274) had the smallest effect sizes.
Conclusions: Cunningham and Harris-Benedict may serve as alternative estimations for BMR aside from using BIA in adolescent female basketball players in PPOP DKI Jakarta. Future studies should consider indirect calorimetry methods to enhance BMR measurement accuracy. Similar studies should also be performed on various athletes in Indonesia with larger sample sizes.
Mesenchymal stromal cells-extracellular vesicles: protein corona as a camouflage mechanism?
Authors: Ragni Enrico , Taiana Michela
Published: November 2024

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) showed promising potential for regenerative and therapeutic applications for several pathologies and conditions. Their potential is mainly ascribed to the factors and extracellular vesicles (EVs) they release, which are now envisioned as cell-free therapeutics in cutting-edge clinical studies. A main cornerstone is the preferential uptake by target cells and tissues, in contrast to clearance by phagocytic cells or removal from circulation before reaching the final destination. Recent literature has suggested how the surface properties of EVs might influence their half-life, bio-distribution, and specific uptake. In particular, the concept of a protein corona surrounding EVs emerged. Especially for culture-purified EVs, the process of tailoring a treatment or tissue-specific corona was explored. Liam-Or et al . examined the impact of protein corona on MSC-EVs when specific proteins, preferentially albumin, were adsorbed from media on the EV surface before isolation. This resulted in improved uptake by liver parenchymal cells and reduced incorporation by macrophages, together with an increased half-life in the circulation system. Thus, producing MSC-EVs with an albumin-enriched protein corona might be a camouflage strategy to enhance non-phagocytic uptake in the liver. This research might be a milestone for future studies on other EVs-camouflage approaches tailored to specific tissues and therapeutic applications.
Origins and Unification of the Four Fundamental Forces of Nature
Authors: Liu Shangqing
Published: November 2024

The four fundamental forces of nature are extremely important because they dominate the formation and evolution of the universe. However, until now, their physical origins and essential qualities have not been explained with wide acceptance. This paper provides new explanations for the origins and essences of these four forces based on different understandings, suggesting that all four fundamental forces originate from the electric force and can therefore be unified as one force. First, the gravitational force is a synthetic electric force produced by a huge number of electric charges via non-uniform charge distribution. Based on a novel inference of nuclear structure, which is strongly supported by observed phenomena, the strong and weak forces are also deduced to be electric forces. These newly introduced understandings can explain observed confusing phenomena simply and effectively, such as “dark matter,” “dark energy,” “flat galaxies,” “filamentary nebulae,” and “gamma-ray bursts” in nuclear fission or fusion and from black holes, and so on. The author presents these new understandings in an effort to find the natural truth sooner.
About One Algebraic Model of Spin Netwok, Fibers and Strings
Authors: Levi Daniel
Published: November 2024

We develop in this paper the mathematical structure of the model proposed in previous works [1, 2]where define a vacuum at Planck scale as anetwork with a high rigidity cubic crystal structure made of one fundamental object defined as a fermionic dark mater confined in cubic cells of Planck length. This fundamental object can couple in a way that swiftly connect and disconnect cells at Planck time in one given direction. The evolution of these connections build pathways which guide mater providing the dynamic of movement.
Generating Electricity With Hydraulically Amplified Self-Healing Electrostatic (HASEL) Transducers
Authors: Hess Isabel , Chamot Stephen , Boren Blake , Musgrave Patrick
Published: November 2024

This study identifies hydraulically amplified self-healing electrostatic (HASEL) transducers as electricity generators by assessing their capability to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, contrary to their conventional role as actuators. HASELs are soft, variable-capacitance transducers inspired by biological muscles, which were developed to mimic the flexibility and functionality of natural muscle tissues. This research characterizes HASELs as generators by reversing their energy conversion mechanism—applying mechanical energy to deform the HASEL to generate electrical energy. The study includes analytic modeling and empirical evaluation, thereby assessing the practical laboratory performance of HASELs as electricity generators. Outcomes of the study include the following: (i) up to 2.5 mJ per cycle per HASEL pouch of positive net energy generation in experimental testing—corresponding to an energy density of 2.0 mJ cm−3; (ii) a maximum theoretical conversion of 5.2 mJ cm−3; (iii) the electromechanical characteristics governing efficient conversion; and (iv) future design optimization strategies to enhance the effectiveness of HASELs as electricity generators—potentially broadening their applicability and utility in research fields such as renewable energy and general adaptive electricity generation.
Large Language Model-Based Tuning Assistant for Variable Speed PMSM Drive with Cascade Control Structure
Authors: Tarczewski Tomasz , Stojic Djordje , Dzielinski Andrzej
Published: November 2024

A cascade control structure (CCS) is still the most commonly used control scheme in variable speed control (VSC) electrical drives with AC motors. Several tuning methods are used to select the coefficients of controllers applied in CCS. These approaches can be divided into analytical, empirical, and heuristic ones. Regardless of the tuning method used, there is still a question of whether the CCS is tuned optimally in terms of considered performance indicators to provide high-performance behavior of the electrical drive. Recently, artificial intelligence-based methods, e.g., swarm-based metaheuristic algorithms (SBMA), have been extensively examined in this field, giving promising results. Moreover, the intensive development of AI assistants based on large language models (LLMs) supporting decision-making processes is observed. Therefore, it is worth examining the ability of LLMs to tune the CCS in the VSC electrical drive. This paper investigates tuning methods for the cascade control structure equipped with PI-type current and angular velocity controllers for PMSM drive. Sets of CCS parameters from electrical engineers with different experiences are compared with reference solutions obtained by using the SBMA approach and LLMs. The novel LLM-based Tuning Assistant (TA) is developed and trained to improve the quality of responses. The obtained results are assessed regarding the drive performance, number of attempts, and time required to accomplish the considered task. The results indicate that AI-based tuning methods and the properly trained Tuning Assistant can significantly improve the performance of VSC electrical drives, while state-of-the-art LLMs do not guarantee high-performance drive operation.
A Review on the Rheological Properties of Polystyrene/Carbon Nanotubes Composites: Fundamentals, Preparations, and Interaction Mechanisms
Authors: Yaqoob Saba , Ali Zulfiqar , Ali Sajjad , D'Amore Alberto
Published: November 2024

This review focuses on the rheological behavior of polystyrene (PS) composites reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNT), providing an in-depth analysis of how CNT incorporation affects these materials' viscosity, elasticity, and flow properties. The review covers fundamental aspects of PS and CNT structures, emphasizing their influence on the composite’s rheological properties. Key interaction mechanisms, including Van der Waals forces and covalent bonding, are discussed for their role in determining material behavior. Various preparation methods, such as melt, solution, and in-situ polymerization, are evaluated based on their impact on CNT dispersion and rheological performance. The study examines critical rheological parameters such as relative and complex viscosity, shear thinning, and elasticity, supported by theoretical models and experimental findings. The review also identifies major challenges, such as achieving uniform CNT dispersion and addressing processing limitations, while offering insights into future research directions to improve the rheological performance and scalability of PS/CNT composites for advanced applications.
Reevaluation of CHP Hubble Parameters to Decoding AUE Universe Accelerate
Authors: Hassan Rizwan Ul , Fatima Anfal , Zaib Shah , Ashraf Umar
Published: November 2024

The cosmological parameters, specifically BCP[ Baryon Cosmological Parameter (Telescopic Universe) ]and DCP[Dark Cosmological Parameters (Lightless Universe)] are accelerating more apace than we expected. This accelerated our understanding of its functions in covariance to expansion parameters[1]. The Hubble tension is a long-familiar question in exploring cosmological parameters[2][3]. The Hubble constant (H0) measurement unveils a disparity in how apace the BCP and DCP[4]. Diametrical ways of measuring parameters yield various results, highlighting the realness that numerous questions in this domain remain unanswered[5][6]. This gap brings to light a question regarding our existing cosmological parameters known(CDM) [7][8] and suggests the necessity of incorporating new parameters, often referred to as the DPP[ Dark Physics Parameters] method, to gain an understanding of the accelerated universe. This theory integrates a between the Hubble equation, both BCP and DCP are accelerated cosmological Hubble parameters. This integration pertains to how Cosmological Hubble parameters evolve across the past, present, and future dimensions. Our proposition is that both BCP and DCP are influenced by stochastic variables in the diametrical domain characterized by dissent magnitude of matter. The conjunctive mass term, volume term, and CHP in this theory provide a new perspective on BCP, specifically DCP and Hubble Tension. This theory discusses that the reevaluation of our current understanding of BCP and DCP is necessary to integrate this acceleration of Universe Expansion changes. This adjustment could help us understand one of the biggest mysteries in modern cosmology.
Indoctrination in the Disguise of Active Citizenship: An Analysis of Political Socialisation Process through Ideological Political Education in the Case of PYD
Authors: Demir Turgay
Published: November 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to examine the ideological political education process through the concept of political socialization for indicating how the Democratic Union Party (PYD), the Syrian affiliate of the terrorist organisation Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) indoctrinates the PKK ideology to the young people under its administration and how it creates ideological members for the continuation of its regime.
Design/Methodolgy: This research is mainly based on the textual analysis. In this regard, the PKK material in English, Western media outlets, pieces of think-tanks and reports of the PYD’s local bodies for the Public Relations and the existing literature over the education under the PYD-controlled areas were analysed.
Findings: Findings indicate that the PYD operationalises ideological political education through educational system, teachers, curriculum and textbooks in its language centres, academies, universities, primary and secondary schools to create ideological members who will be loyal to its regime. Findings also demonstrate that this type of political education is closely connected to the approach of Siegel’s (1965) concept of political socialization who perceives it as a process of creating active or well-functioning individuals for the continuation of political systems.
Limitations: The fact that the research is mainly based on the textual analysis. Conducting interviews with teachers in the region could have increased the reliability and decreased the limitations of this research. However, the PYD is the Syrian affiliate of the PKK and rightfully both are designated as a terrorist organisations by Türkiye and interacting with these people mean interacting with the elements of terrorism.
Originality/Value: Since this research conceptualises the indoctrination or ideological political education process in the context of the political socialization, it contributes to the role of education in the process of political socialization through a new case of the PYD.
PAGES OF THE HISTORY OF THE KHARKIV TRACTOR PLANT
Authors: Pysarska Nataliia , Yepifanov Vitalii
Published: November 2024

The article presents the history of manufacturing development at the Kharkiv tractor plant from the foundation of the enterprise to the present day. The peculiarity of the work is that it gives a brief review of the activity for the whole period, provides information about the primary samples of machinery for agricultural needs, their advantages and existing problems in production, and includes information about the current state of production of tractors at this plant, their unification and peculiarities of application of different types of working equipment on them. Attention is paid to designing and manufacturing vehicles for the needs of the armed forces, mainly a whole family of tractors designed to perform various tasks.
Formulation of High Iron Shrimp Meatball for Anaemia Prevention of Teenage Girls
Authors: Kristianto Yohanes , Agung Pratama Gumillar  , Nurul Hakimah
Published: November 2024

The National Health Survey Riskesdas shows that the prevalence of anaemia among Indonesian teenage girls is still high. The cause of anaemia is partly due to daily low iron consumption. This study aimed to develop high iron food products. The products were formulated based on observations at female boarding schools of which the shrimp meatball was desired. The formulation was carried out using a trial and error approach to obtain the most appropriate proportion of ingredients; namely shrimp, modified cassava flour (mocaf) and eggs at levels of F1=70:30:0, F2=50:40:10, F3=50:45:5, F4=50:50:0 (percent w/w). The products were assessed for macro nutrient contents, iron, vitamin C and sensory qualities. The Kruskall Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the developed shrimp meatballs provide higher energy and protein contents as compared to the most commonly consumed animal side dishes. The shrimp meatballs protein contents of all formulas were higher than that of SNI standard. The digestibility and the protein amino acid scores of the developed meatballs ranged from 96.61 − 97.80 and 92.43 − 100 respectively which are higher than the quality of protein consumed by average population. The panelists preferred firmer and compact shrimp meatballs of F4. The best developed shrimp meatballs was F3 which provided more than 50% of recommended daily iron for teenage girls.
Keywords: anaemia, shrimp meatball, teenage girls, high iron
Daya Terima Puding Jagung dengan Substitusi Kacang Hijau sebagai Alternatif PMT Balita
Authors: Hanum Anida Luthfia , Ani Nuraeni
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Nutrition problems in toddlers are still a major health problem in Indonesia, one of which is protein energy deficiency. Efforts in dealing with nutritional problems include supplementary feeding. PMT is given in the form of snacks, namely pudding, by utilising local foods such as corn and mung beans. The aim of the study was to determine the acceptability of corn pudding with mung bean substitution as an alternative PMT for toddlers. Experimental research with a non-factorial complete randomised design (CRD) with three formulas. Determination of acceptability using organoleptic test assessment with hedonic scale. Data were analysed using Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test with Mann-Whitney follow-up test. Organoleptic test results on colour and taste attributes showed significant differences (p-value <0.05). Based on the exponential comparison method (MPE), F2 was determined as the selected formula. The selected formula pudding product is acceptable to toddlers, based on the level of liking from the results of descriptive percentage analysis of colour, aroma, taste, and texture attributes. The nutritional content per serving was 141 cal of energy, 5.4 g of protein, 3.3 g of fat, and 22.2 g of carbohydrate. Based on the RDA for toddlers, F2 pudding has sufficient energy needs for one meal (10-20% RDA).
Keywords: Corn, Mug Bean, Pudding, Toddler PMT
HARMONY AND SCALE ANALYSIS GUITAR PLAYING OF THE SONG KROMATIK LAGI BY DEWA BUDJANA
Authors: Firdaus Taufiqurrihan
Published: November 2024

This study aims to analyze the harmony and scales in guitar playing by Dewa Budjana in his work entitled Kromatik Lagi. The thing that is focused in this research is how tones that are outside the ionian scale can be included in an interesting work. The research method used is a qualitative method with an analytical description approach that refers to the Miles and Huberman model. The data collected is in the form of sheet music that will be discussed per beat and there are a total of 20 beats that include intro and theme. This research only examines the intro and theme sections. It can also be concluded that the work Kromatik Lagi by Dewa Budjana is not playing with origin. But based on some music theory so that it can include chromatic notes that are heard if played in sequence the tone sounds dissonant or disturbing.
MANAGEMENT OF COLSTRA (MODERN MUSIC AND TRADITIONAL COLLABORATION) EXTRACURRICULAR AT MAN 4 JAKARTA
Authors: Puput Prabowo Yosep Celltha
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this research is to find out and describe the management of COLSTRA (Modern Music and Traditional Collaboration) extracurricular at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 4 Jakarta. This research method uses descriptive qualitative. Collecting data by interview, literature study, and documentation. This research was conducted from September 2022 to December 2022 at MAN 4 Jakarta. Data validation uses triangulation techniques. The results indicate that the COLSTRA extracurricular has managed well by paying attention to management functions including planning, organizing, actuating, and controling. Planning carried out by COLSTRA extracurricular includes recruiting members and trainers, planning extracurricular organizational structures, making activity plans that contain work programs, submitting inventories, and designing extracurricular budget costs, and scheduling training in a structured manner. Organizing carried out by the COLSTRA extracurricular is to distribute tasks to divisions in the organizational structure according to authority and responsibility. Basic leadership training is also carried out so that new members and new management can practice their leadership attitudes. COLSTRA extracurricular implementation conforms to plans that have been prepared. Actuating is carried out by utilizing existing facilities and infrastructure and budget costs that have been planned. Controling is carried out by the COLSTRA extracurricular, namely the extracurricular coordinator monitors the sustainability of the extracurricular and conducts training evaluations, organizational evaluations, and final evaluations for extracurricular members. Supervision of extracurricular activities is carried out by looking at COLSTRA's achievements and participation in various activities. Controlling and evaluation activities are carried out so that the extracurricular continues to develop well.
Саlculation of Cutting Tool Parameters for Production of Split Fluoroplastic Rings
Authors: Vershina G. A. , Reut L. E. , Sidorenko K. R.
Published: November 2024

The paper considers the technological process of manufacturing fluoroplastic sealing rings, consisting in forced feeding and pulling a polymer tape blank between rotating rollers, plastic bending of the tape in the deformation zone toa given curvature by twisting it on a drive roller and the subsequent operation of cutting off the strip after obtaining a ring of the required diameter. This technology has high productivity due to the automation of the full cycle of manufacturing a split ring and the continuity of the process allowing to minimize waste, reduce the labor intensity and energy intensity of production. The most difficult issue in developing the proposed technology is the design of the working tool, its dimensions and geometry, as well as the power and kinematic parameters of the device that ensure the production of fluoroplastic rings of the required accuracy. The complexity of the issue lies in the fact that fluoroplastic has a number of features that manifest themselves during deformation, and its mechanical behavior under force exposure differs significantly from the behavior of known classical materials. However, unlike other polymers, fluoroplastic is a high-density material and has a structure with a high degree of crystallinity, therefore, as studies show, its behavior under load, as well as the mechanism and sequence of deformations in it, are in many ways similar to the behavior of metals, which allows to use methods and approaches adopted in the mechanics of solid deformable bodies for fluoroplastic. According to the proposed technology, a fluoroplastic tape blank, pulled between rotating rollers and subjected to bending in the deformation zone, experiences pure bending with the occurrence of elastic and residual deformations, of which it is the latter that give the product the necessary shape and ensure the production of a ring of the required diameter. To solve this problem, it is necessary to perform the corresponding force and geometric calculations of the process. Force calculation is aimed at determining the force parameters of bending that create the maximum possible irreversible deformations in the deformed product with the minimum possible elastic recovery (springing) after leaving the deformation zone, and the geometric calculation is aimed at fulfilling force conditions. Based on a study of the stress state during bending of fluoroplastic tape, taking into account the different rigidity of fluoroplastic under tension and compression, as well as the kinematic calculations of the elements of the working unit of the installation, the diameters of the forming roller that creates the necessary bending forces in the deformation zone and the cutting roller-caliber that ensure obtaining a ring of the required diameter are determined. The calculation methods developed by the authors are in fairly accurate agreement with the results of experimental studies.
Publication Count of Matched Dermatology Applicants Reported in Literature: A Systematic Review
Authors: Okereke Robyn , Karen Szauter , Nneka Ede
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND
Competitive medical residency specialties, such as Dermatology, have historically placed lofty demands on applicants. We focus on the ever-increasing demands on applicants to publish, as well as discuss and quantify the delivery of these expectations in literature.
OBJECTIVE
To systematically review evidence regarding the number of publications possessed by successful applicants to a dermatology residency program.
METHODS
A systematic review of the literature was conducted between April and May 2023. PubMed, Google Scholar, and OVID were with no lower limit of the year. Our summary included 41 publications that specifically cited the number of publications by NRMP applicants successfully matching to US dermatology programs. We extracted additional applicant details (demographics, publication type) as available.
RESULTS
We found two major categories of cumulative publications reported in the literature: NRMP scholarly works and peer-reviewed indexed publications. Summarizing reports from 21 papers between 2011 and 2022, NRMP showed the overall mean amongst matched applicants to be 14.77 publications, with an upward trend over time. Throughout the literature, the mean was 3.23 peer-reviewed indexed publications for successful dermatology applicants.
CONCLUSION
Multiple studies cited and reported NRMP scholarly work numbers as “publications'', potentially contributing to discrepancies in the literature. NRMP encompasses other research endeavors in addition to peer-reviewed indexed publications in publication count. In the future, there should be greater clarification when defining and quantifying the publications of a successful dermatology applicant.
Combination therapy of Fingolimod-GelMA hydrogel loaded with Neural Stem Cells and electrical stimulation promotes recovery of spinal cord injury
Authors: Dong Yongkang , Wang Zheng , Qu Yang , Kong Weijian , Zheng Changjun
Published: November 2024

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most devastating diseases worldwide, and its recovery is hindered by neuronal loss and formation of glial scars. In this study, we developed an injectable GelMA hydrogel loaded with neural stem cells (NSCs) and fingolimod (FTY720), in combination with electrical stimulation (ES) to promote neural regeneration as well as inhibit glial scar formation in a rat complete transected SCI model. The combined therapy of ES and injectable hydrogel incorporated with FTY720 improved both proliferation and neuronal differentiation and inhibited astrocytic differentiation of NSCs in vitro. When applied to a complete transected SCI rat model, the combined therapy significantly enhanced neuronal regeneration and reduced glial scar formation in the lesioned area, thus resulting in better motor function recovery. Taken together, our research demonstrated a promising FTY720 enhanced GelMA hydrogel loaded with NSCs for exogenous NSCs delivery and provided a novel strategy for combination therapy of SCI.
Research on Mechanical Fault Diagnosis under Complex Working Conditions Based on Improved YOLOv8
Authors: Yuan Laohu , Wang Zhiyuan , Wang Xiaoguang , Ma Le , Zhou Peng , Zhang Hanqing
Published: November 2024

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence and big data technology, deep learning-based bearing fault diagnosis methods have demonstrated excellent diagnostic performance. However, most neural networks require a significant amount of prior knowledge during construction and training, and a lot of time is needed to build the optimal model to achieve high classification accuracy. In addition, when it comes to fault data across operating conditions and equipment, the network's generalization ability is often limited. In addition, the scarcity of labelled fault data and the large differences in data sample distribution further increase the difficulty of achieving high-precision fault diagnosis. To address this challenge, this article focuses on rolling bearings as the main research object proposes for the first time the application of YOLOv8 in bearing fault diagnosis and proposes an improved cross condition and cross equipment fault diagnosis method RSD-YOLOv8 based on YOLOv8. Firstly, the DSConv module is introduced in the YOLOv8 network to replace the original convolutional layers, enhancing the network's ability to capture vibration signal features. Secondly, replacing the C2f module with the C2f_Rep_SimAm module reduces the number of parameters while maintaining computational efficiency. This article simulates the fault states of rolling bearings under cross-operating conditions and cross-equipment conditions using two datasets, CWRU and XJTU-SY. It verifies the effectiveness of the model improvement. In addition, transfer learning experiments were conducted on the gearbox fault dataset of Jiangsu Qianpeng Diagnostic Engineering Co., Ltd. to verify the universality of the improved model. The successful application of the YOLOv8 network in bearing fault diagnosis has provided an effective solution for diagnosing bearings under different operating conditions and equipment.
Prevalence of Ehrlichia spp. in Dogs and Ticks in Hainan Province, China
Authors: Zu Haiyue , Xiang Zhilong , Cao Qiyuan , Zhang Xiaoming , Lin Yang , Ying Zhu , Xiang Hengtao , Han Qian , Wang Jinhua
Published: November 2024

Background: Ehrlichiaspp. are a group of intracellular parasitic bacteria primarily transmitted by ticks and exhibit a wide global distribution. Their ability to infect a diverse range of mammals, including humans, underscores their immense public health significance.
Methods: We collected tick and dog blood samples in different areas of Hainan Province. The species of ticks were identified by standard PCR of the tick 16S rRNA gene. Detection of Ehrlichiainfection in ticks and dogs using nested PCR of the 16S rRNA gene of Ehrlichia spp.. The obtained sequences were subjected to comparison with other sequences cataloged in GenBank. Subsequently, risk factors affecting Ehrlichiainfection were statistically analysed.
Results: All 631 ticks belonged to the Rhipicephalus linnaei; 63 (9.98%) out of 631 ticks tested positive for Ehrlichia canis, while 140 (11.08%) out of 1264 dog blood samples were positive for E. canis. Notably, Ehrlichia ewingii and Ehrlichia chaffeensiswere not detected. The prevalence of Ehrlichia infection in dogs is correlated with factors such as age, breed, dewormer use, tick infestation, and living environment, while displaying no association with the gender of the dog.
Conclusions: In Hainan Province, Rhipicephalus linnaei is the dominant tick species infecting dogs. Dogs are vulnerable to Ehrlichia infection, particularly rural and stray dogs.
Study on Electronic Transport and Optoelectronic Properties of Semiconductor 2D Ge₂Y₂ (Y = As, P, N)
Authors: Liao Jiabao , Fei Nan , Guo Shujin , An Yipeng , Zhao Guoping
Published: November 2024

Several conceptual nanodevices based on the four-atom-layer α- and β-Ge2Y2 are constructed, and their electronic transport and photoelectronic properties are revealed by means of first-principles calculations. Our results demonstrate that the Ge2Y2-based p-n junction diodes show a great rectifying effect with high rectification ratio. Their p-i-n junction transistors show a field-effect behavior with better rectifying effect and stronger electronical anisotropy. Moreover, the Ge2Y2 monolayers have strong photoelectronic response in the visible light region, displaying excellent photoelectronic properties in the photovoltaic materials and photoelectronic transistors. Our findings uncover the multi-functional features of four-atom-layer Ge2Y2 monolayers, promising their extensive applications as candidates for future flexible semiconductor devices.
Satisfaction of Healthcare Workers with Family Medicine Residents' Performance, Conduct, and Interpersonal Skills in Primary Healthcare Centers
Authors: Alshammari Amani , Alqudah Ola , Alangari Abdulmalik , Abahussain Reem , Alhumaid Norah , Noor Remaz , Bamhair Abdulrahman , Albishr Norah , Alqahtani Nada , Alqahtani Faisal , Sharbini Wael
Published: November 2024

Background:
Primary healthcare centers are essential for community care, with family medicine (FM) residents playing a key role. Their performance and interpersonal skills impact patient experience and assessing healthcare worker satisfaction provides a fuller view of resident competency beyond supervisor feedback.
Aim:
This research assesses healthcare worker satisfaction with family medicine residents in primary healthcare centers, identifying challenges affecting patient care and resident education to improve overall center effectiveness.
Methods:
We conducted a three-month quantitative, cross-sectional study using questionnaires in primary healthcare centers within Riyadh's second health cluster, targeting a representative sample of healthcare workers, including nurses, technicians, administrative staff, and others in Saudi Commission of Health Specialties (SCFHS) accredited family medicine residency centers.
Results:
The majority of study participants are female 104 (68.9%), Saudi 148 (98%), and aged 30–39 73 (48.3%). Over half hold diplomas 82 (54.3%), with nurses being the largest group 93 (61.6%). Job experience is mostly 11–20 years 88 (58.9%). Reliability is high (Cronbach's alpha > 0.85). Participants agree residents respond well and show empathy. ANOVA reveals significant differences in satisfaction based on job experience for performance (p = 0.026) and conduct (p = 0.071), but not interpersonal skills. Satisfaction does not vary by education, nationality, or specialty, with average scores of 4.14 for performance, 4.38 for conduct, and 4.22 for interpersonal skills.
Conclusion:
The study found high satisfaction among predominantly female Saudi healthcare workers regarding family medicine residents' performance and interpersonal skills. Job experiences influence satisfaction, but education and specialty do not significantly affect perceptions. These positive scores highlight the need for strong collaboration between healthcare workers and residents to enhance patient care and the educational environment.
Use of Ionic Liquid in Different Routes for Obtaining Nanocellulose from Yerba Mate Residues
Authors: Júnior Marcos Aurélio Dahlem , Silva Vinícius Demétrio da , Schrekker Henri Stephan , Catto André Luis , Raimundo Jean-Manuel , Santana Ruth Marlene Campomanes
Published: November 2024

The aim of this work is to evaluate different methods of obtaining nanocellulose from an agro-industrial residue, using yerba mate sticks (YM) as raw material, through chemical and mechanical processes, such as bleaching (B), ionic liquid (IL) and steam explosion (S). Nanocellulose was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The XRD results showed that the samples YM-SBIL and YM-SIL presented 50.23% 43.06% of crystallinity for cellulose II, respectively. FTIR of YM-SIL showed peaks with greater intensity in regions related to bonds from cellulose II, also seen by TGA. DLS results demonstrated that the size distribution below 100 nm was above 60% in all treated YM samples. Steam explosion, bleaching and IL treatments brought the YM fibers closer to the characteristics of commercial cellulose fibers (CC), suggesting that the treatments were effective in reducing components such as hemicellulose and lignin. The addition of the chemical bleaching did not show considerable differences to the IL treatment, indicating that IL can be a viable option for obtaining nanocellulose.
Assessing the accuracy and reasoning of using ChatGPT to evaluate the quality of health news
Authors: Liu Xiaoyu , He Lu , Alanazi Eman , Liu Echu , Goss Arianna , Gumireddy Lionel
Published: November 2024

Background
With the growing prevalence of health misinformation online, there is an urgent need for tools that can reliably assist the public in evaluating the quality of health information. This study investigates the performance of ChatGPT, a representative large language model (LLM), in rating the quality of health news and providing explanatory reasoning.
Methods
We evaluated ChatGPT's performance using an expert-annotated dataset from HealthNewsReview.org, which assesses the quality of health news across nine criteria. ChatGPT was prompted with standardized queries tailored to each criterion. We measured its rating performance using precision, recall, and F1 scores for binary classification (satisfactory/not satisfactory). Additionally, linguistic complexity, readability, and the quality of ChatGPT’s explanatory reasoning were assessed through both quantitative linguistic analysis and manual evaluation of consistency and contextual relevance.
Results
ChatGPT’s rating performance varied across criteria, with the highest accuracy for the Cost criterion (F1= 0.824) and lower accuracy for Benefit, Conflict, and Quality criteria (F1 < 0.5), underperforming compared to machine learning-based models. Its explanations were clear, with readability suited to late high school or early college levels, and scored highly for consistency (average score: 2.90/3) and contextual relevance (average score: 2.73/3), indicating strong explanatory potential despite rating limitations.
Conclusion
While ChatGPT’s rating accuracy requires improvement, its strength in offering comprehensible explanations presents a valuable opportunity to enhance public understanding of health news quality. Future research should aim to refine LLMs' rating accuracy while leveraging their explanatory strengths to better serve the needs of non-expert audiences.
Relationship between pushing force and improvement in total A-ROM when training with a finger extensor facilitation training device “iPARKO”
Authors: Ishigaki Shota , Yokoyama Reika , Morita Yoshifumi , Tanabe Hirofumi
Published: November 2024

We observed that when the distal interphalangeal (DIP) and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints of the fingers are in maximum extension and the metacarpophalangeal (MP) joints are in hyperextension, applying an external resistance from the fingertips to the MP joints increases extensor muscle activity, even unintentionally, and opens the hand. Based on this phenomenon, a finger extensor facilitation technique conducted by therapists was developed as training for hand extension for chronic stroke survivors. In previous studies, we developed iPARKO, a finger extensor facilitation training device that imitates this technique. In this study, we developed a new version of the device, iPARKO-2, that can be used for chronic stroke survivors with strong spasticity. Five chronic stroke survivors were trained with iPARKO-2 using three different pushing forces. To evaluate whether chronic stroke survivors can voluntarily perform movements, we measured the active range of motion (A-ROM). The results showed that the improvement in the total A-ROM tended to increase as the pushing force during training increased. Additionally, extensor muscle activity increased as the pushing force increased. Based on this, we conclude that the greater the pushing force, the greater the muscle activity, and that the amount of muscle activity influences the improvement in the total A-ROM.
Multi-Scale Feature Enhanced Detection of Foreign Object Intrusions on Railways
Authors: Gao Jialin , Zhu Liqiang , Guo Baoqing , Wang Yao
Published: November 2024

Effective detection of foreign object intrusions on railways is essential for ensuring safe railway operations. A complex and variable railway environment leads to high miss and false alarm rates, particularly in detecting small-scale foreign objects. To address this challenge, this study proposes a railway foreign object intrusion detection method based on multi-scale feature enhancement. The method employs an efficient dimension-aware diffusion fusion network, enhancing the capture and utilization of multi-scale feature information through diffusion and fusion in the intermediate layers of the backbone network. This approach improves the accuracy and robustness of detection of small-scale foreign objects. The technical approach is as follows. First, the Variable Size and Stride (VSS) module in the backbone network promotes adaptive multi-scale feature extraction. Second, the combined use of the Anchor-free Instance Feature Injection (AIFI) and High-Low (HiLo) attention mechanisms highlights key features and reduces background interference. Next, in the dimension-aware diffusion fusion (DDF) network, dimension-aware selective integration (DASI) facilitates nonlinear and non-sequential feature fusion, whereas convolution and attention fusion module (CAFM) highlights important features and suppresses irrelevant features. Finally, the enriched features are fed into the decoder for the precise detection and localization of railway foreign object intrusions. The proposed method was tested on the Railway Foreign Object Intrusion (RFI) dataset and the public CityPersons dataset. Experimental results demonstrate that our method outperforms the comparative detectors in detection performance.
Study on Visitor Scene Preferences in National Cultural Parks Based on Digital Footprints: A Case Study of the Tongzhou Section of the Grand Canal National Cultural Park
Authors: gu xuanrui , Wang Zhongjun
Published: November 2024

National Cultural Parks epitomize the concept of a Chinese cultural community, emphasizing cultural and ecological conservation principles, serving as carriers of spatial, value, and symbolic functions. The establishment of national cultural parks not only promotes the integrated development of culture and tourism but also fosters the protection and utilization of cultural heritage resources with national significance. To enhance understanding of visitor preferences and offer targeted strategies for future planning, this study selects the Tongzhou section of the Grand Canal National Cultural Park as the research destination. By crawling relevant content from mainstream short video platforms and developing analysis tools based on the Python language and API interfaces provided by Baidu AI Cloud, the study analyzes the video content to investigate the scene preference characteristics of visitors. The research findings indicate that natural experiential scenes receive the most attention among visitor destinations in National Cultural Parks, while the attention to historical and cultural experiential scenes does not align with the rich heritage resources of the area. Moreover, visitor scene preferences vary at different nodes based on the characteristics of the nodes themselves. Finally, recommendations are provided to park managers regarding attention to visitor scene preferences and the actual needs of residents.
The integration of millets into rice agriculture in the mountainous region of southern Zhejiang, China
Authors: Yuan Shengtao , Zhong Zhaobing , Chen Minghui , Dai Wei , Li Yanjiang , Deng Zhenhua
Published: November 2024

This study presents compelling evidence of plant utilization from three late Neolithic and early Bronze Age sites in the mountainous region of southern Zhejiang, offering insights into local agricultural practices and the emergence of mixed farming in southern China. Analysis of plant remains from the sites reveals a predominantly farming-based subsistence strategy characterized by a significant reliance on rice alongside the supplementary cultivation of foxtail millet and broomcorn millet. The consistent presence of millets across all sites suggests the establishment of a mixed-crop farming system by approximately 5,300 cal. BP, although the relative proportions of rice and millets varied slightly among the sites. Additionally, the assemblage of field weeds supports the existence of a dryland farming environment. Both the mixed cropping patterns and the morphological characteristics of rice grains indicate a closer agricultural relationship with the adjacent mountainous regions of Jiangxi and Fujian, as well as the middle Yangtze Valley, rather than with other parts of the lower Yangtze valley. Overall, this study enriches our understanding of the widespread adoption of mixed farming practices in southern China since the late Neolithic period.
The Intersection of Technology and Art: A Study on AI-Driven CTCL Music Teaching Paradigm
Authors: Sang Jingyao
Published: November 2024

This research investigates the influence of the AI-supported CTCL teaching model on students' music literacy, focusing on its practical application in music education. The study involved 88 music majors, whose abilities were analyzed using the radial basis function (RBF) algorithm. The comparison between the experimental and control groups focused on music interest and core musical skills. The results demonstrate that the experimental group showed marked improvements in areas such as music aesthetics, artistic expression, creative practice, and cultural comprehension. These findings affirm the CTCL teaching model’s effectiveness in boosting students' music literacy across multiple dimensions. Particularly, the model excels at cultivating artistic creativity and enriching students' cultural understanding. This study underscores the importance of merging the CTCL model with AI algorithms, revealing its positive influence on students' musical development and providing valuable insights for enhancing music education practices.