bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementasi Program Sekolah Ramah Anak dalam Membentuk Karakter Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Saadatul Kholidiyah  , Amala Nisael
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana implementasi program sekolah ramah anak dalam membentuk karakter anak usia dini. Pendidikan ramah anak khususnya pada lembaga pendidikan anak usia dini, memberikan kesempatan agar anak dapat berkembang sesuai dengan potensi yang ada di dalam dirinya melalui fasilitas sarana dan prasarana yang mendukung, perencanaan pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan karakteristik anak dan mengembangkan karakter anak. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Lembaga RA Sunan Muria Poncokusumo Malang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan teknik penggalian data dengan wawancara, observasi serta studi literatur. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah dengan mengimplementasikan program sekolah ramah anak di Lembaga PAUD maka dapat membentuk karakter anak usia dini seperti positif  seperti mandiri, disiplin, peduli lingkungan, berprestasi dan mampu menghargai prestasi yang ada pada diri peserta didik. Namun peneliti juga menemukan beberapa karakter yang perlu dioptimalisasi lagi seperti tanggung jawab jawab terhadap sampah sendiri
Kolaborasi Guru dan Orang Tua dalam Mengembangkan Literasi Bahasa Ramah Anak pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Liana Rochmatul Wachidah  , Purnomo Ahmad Putikadyanto Agus
Published: August 2024

Literacy in the early stages of life is very important for children. Language literacy in early childhood is not just about reading and writing, but also involves understanding, speaking and listening skills. Differences in literacy development patterns in children are adjusted to the language abilities they have. The aim of this research is to describe the results of collaboration between the roles of teachers and parents in developing child-friendly language literacy in early childhood. The method used in this research is qualitative with a descriptive approach. Data sources were obtained from teachers and guardians of Al Hidayah Kindergarten Wonorejo students. Data in the form of interview transcripts and questionnaire results. Data collection techniques used interviews and questionnaires. The data analysis techniques in this research are data reduction, verification and conclusions. The results of this research are about close collaboration between parents and teachers creating a holistic learning environment for children through the application of the Read It Again-Prek! (RIA) which aims to facilitate the development of early childhood language and literacy skills in 4 main areas, namely: vocabulary, stories, phonological awareness, and written knowledge. Therefore, open communication is needed to share information, support and respect each other's roles (teachers and parents), and create a conducive child-friendly literacy environment.
Strategi Manajemen Pembelajaran Paud Dalam Mengembangkan Potensi Anak Usia Dini (Studi Kasus Di Lembaga Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini An Nisa Tegaldlimo Banyuwangi)
Authors: Dewi Lyien Ien  , Mirhabun Nadzir  , M. Bisri Ikhwan
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi manajemen pembelajaran paud dalam mengembangkan potensi anak usia dini di Lembaga pendidikan anak usia dini An Nisa Tegaldlimo Banyuwangi. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis pendekatan studi kasus. Analisis datanya dilakukan secara sirkuler, yang dimulai dari data display secara keseluruhan dari hasil wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi yang diperoleh selama di lapangan. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan pembelajaran PAUD terdiri dari Mengajar dan Kegiatan Pembelajaran, Review Kalender Pendidikan, dan Pengaturan Jadwal Pembelajaran. Pedoman untuk organisasi pembelajar berkaitan dengan pendefinisian tahapan perkembangan, kapasitas indikator, pendefinisian konsep pengetahuan yang diperkenalkan, penetapan tema, pengembangan pembelajaran kegiatan, menyiapkan alat dan bahan. Strategi perencanaan pembelajaran harus memperhatikan SKH (Unit Kegiatan Harian) dan SKM (Unit Kegiatan Mingguan). Kurikulum harus disusun berdasarkan Dengan memperhatikan perbedaan-perbedaan yang terdapat dalam masyarakat, maka peserta didik dapat mengenali keberagaman tersebut kehidupan sosial. Pengaturan kelas pembelajaran diselenggarakan sesuai dengan visi sekolah dan misi. Kegiatan mengajar guru dimulai dari penyambutan siswa di depan sekolah gerbang, melaksanakan pembelajaran, mengantar siswa ke depan gerbang sampai anak dijemput orangtuanya masing-masing. Kegiatan pembelajaran anak usia dini berupa belajar sambil menari atau bergerak; Menggambar/mewarnai sambil belajar; dan menghafal kata sambil bertepuk tangan
Desain Model Permainan Kreatif Tradisional Ramah Anak dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Kognitif Anak Usia Dini
Authors: St. Maria Ulfah  , Aris munandar  , Arifin Ahmad
Published: August 2024

Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana gambaran desain pengembangan model permainan kreatif tradisional untuk meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif  anak usia dini. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan wawancara sebagai instrumen penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran khususnya mengenai permainan tradisional yang ada di TK dan minimnya kemampuan guru dalam mengemas permainan tradisional menjadi menarik di TK juga masih kurang. Rancangan model permainan kreatif tradidional  dalam hal ini permainan makkabacciq dan permainan mamboi  yang terdiri dari 10 anak didik diberikan stimulus dengan memodifikasi aturan main dan media yang sesuai dengan karateristik anak usia dini.
Kata Kunci : Permainan kreatif tradisional, kognitif
An Agile Deployment of a Virtual Learning Environment: Insights from a Cybersecurity Interactive Course for Spanish-Speaking Children
Authors: Flores Denys A. , Del Hierro Pablo , Galindo Julián , Ayala Carlos , Cannon Stacy L. , Cruz David , Chicaiza Kharol , Cevallos Ivanna , Moncayo Hugo , Izurieta Gabriel , Mena David
Published: August 2024

Implementing a cybersecurity course for children is challenging due to the sensitive nature of learning topics such as sexting, cyberbullying, and grooming. In addition, forced lockdowns during the Covid-19 pandemic increased children’s exposure to threats on the Internet due to the lack of effective parental/teacher supervision while teleworking. Although existing online initiatives have been implemented to teach cybersecurity to minors, they lack structure and engagement; particularly, for non-English-speaking children. In this article, we explore the experiences of deploying a virtual learning environment (VLE) to teach cybersecurity to Spanish-speaking children using an agile approach. The design, development, deployment and publication of the VLE is carried out using a 5-phase SCRUM-based methodology by combining UDL, ADDIE, and DPIPE. These learning models serve as strategies to create interactive learning content, using 3D anthropomorphic characters and storyboards to enhance the learning experience. Also, in our proposal, during the evaluation phase, we assess the VLE’s performance, the course design usability, and the course content. Regarding the VLE performance, functional and non-functional tests are conducted. For usability, both SUS and Nielsen models are applied in order to assess the users’ engagement with the course design. Finally,to evaluate the course content, both the learning experience and the learning outcomes were assessed through navigation tests, sentiment analysis and learning tests. The results demonstrate that our proposed agile approach delivers an acceptable performance and a pleasant learning experience for children, parents, and teachers despite the complexity of learning cybersecurity-related topics.
DILEMAS DA MEDIAÇÃO DO TEATRO EM COMUNIDADE
Authors: DE MIRANDA ELDERSON Melo , De Miranda Helder Carlos
Published: August 2024

Este artigo explora a ideia de que o processo e a experiência podem mostrar-se fundamentais para a mediação do teatro em comunidade realizada por um coletivo teatral, que se baseia em jogos no formato de oficina. Baseando-se nas propostas de Conquergood (1989), Artaud (2006), Larrosa (1998), bem como na pesquisa-ação realizada por Autor (2016), o artigo enfatiza a importância de aceitar a natureza emergente, temporal, contingente, provisória, indeterminada e dinâmica do teatro em comunidade. Além disso, o artigo aponta a fluidez, os lapsos e as contradições como parte integrante da experiência de ensino-aprendizado nessa modalidade de ensino.
FOTOGRAFIAS ARTESANAIS (EM CORES) EM UMA ETNOGRAFIA COM CRIANÇAS NA ESCOLA COMUNITÁRIA DE EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL DO LIXÃO
Authors: Silva Bernardes Vanessa , Mayboroda Gazzotti Fabiana , Rangel Ingrassia Eduardo , Forell Leandro
Published: August 2024

Apresentamos o ensaio fotográfico artesanal, constituído a partir de uma etnografia com crianças, realizada na Escola Comunitária de Educação Infantil, localizada dentro do Aterro Sanitário Municipal, representado emicamente como Lixão, no Litoral Norte Gaúcho, Brasil. Como objetivo, buscamos compreender como as crianças, a partir de suas produções fotográficas, leem e comunicam o contexto em que estão inseridas. Os estranhamentos reverberaram da costura artesanal apreendidas na pluralidade dos olhares e lentes das crianças em diálogo com as singularidades do contexto – da escola e do lixão, de modo indissociável – revelando subjetividades dos interlocutores entre comunidades: estudantil (crianças) e de trabalhadores(as) do Aterro Sanitário Municipal. A partir da experiência retratada, dialogamos com a provocação de Garcés (2022) e demonstramos que as crianças produzem imagens que denotam curiosidade, criatividade, imaginação, sensibilidade e investigação. Suas fotografias apresentam uma leitura de mundo aberta à novidade, em que criam novos e diferentes sentidos.
DANÇA E ANCESTRALIDADE EM UM PROCESSO DE CRIAÇÃO COM CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES NA COMUNIDADE
Authors: Rocha da Rocha Giuliana , Salib Deffaci Kátia
Published: August 2024

Este artigo propõe uma discussão na perspectiva da arte e da educação de como um processo de criação em dança com um grupo de crianças e adolescentes pode viabilizar a produção de conhecimento nos encontros com a comunidade em uma proposta pluricultural. Assim, as crianças e adolescentes são sujeitos de saberes e fazeres e suas heranças culturais contam histórias que reelaboram e afirmam a busca de sua condição de cidadania, integrando valores da ancestralidade afro-brasileira referenciados na comunidade. Entende-se a arte e a educação como entrelugares constituintes da produção de conhecimento em que o corpo, dança e ancestralidade agem como potentes agregadores na formação de jovens artistas.
EXPEDIENTE
Authors: Schmitt Coutinho Marco Tulio
Published: August 2024

Dados técnicos da Edição.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Capra Carmen Lúcia , Kussler Leonardo Marques
Published: August 2024

Dados dos textos da Edição.
PENGENALAN MEDIA TANAM ALTERNATIF HIDROGEL SEBAGAI PENAMBAH NILAI ESTETIKA DI YAYASAN “UNTUKMU SI KECIL” SUMBERSARI JEMBER
Authors: Hutami Trapsila Siwi , Irsyadi Muhammad Burhanuddin , Astuti Sri Rejeki Dwi
Published: August 2024

Increasing environmental awareness needs to be done to maintain good air quality. This can be done through reforestation. Plant cultivation can use planting media other than soil by using hydrogel as an alternative media which can add aesthetic value and economic value. A sense of environmental concern can be developed from an early age. The children at the "Untukmu Si Kecil" Foundation do not yet know about alternative hydrogel planting media. This service aims to introduce alternative hydrogel planting media to children as an addition to aesthetic value. This service was carried out in at “Untukmu Si Kecil” foundation, Sumbersari, Sumbersari, Jember with 16 participants. The methods used are lectures, direct practice and discussion. The service results showed that participants gained more in-depth knowledge about hydrogel planting media. Participants were very enthusiastic during the provision of materials and cultivation practices with hydrogel which could implement children's creativity in using colorful hydrogel. Apart from that, these results can beautify the room and table.
PENINGKATAN KESADARAN LINGKUNGAN MASYARAKAT PUGER: WASTE CHANGE MENDUKUNG KONSEP HIJAU 3R (REDUCE-REUSE-RECYCLE)
Authors: Novikarumsari Nurul Dwi , Anggraeni Rosmayniar , Rokhani  , Sofia
Published: August 2024

The majority of community in Puger Village work as fishermen and they live near the coast. The problems faced by the community on a daily basis include the lack of awareness about environmental cleanliness and how they dispose of and utilize domestic and productive waste. The Joint Business Group (KUB), as one of the institutional forms in Puger, shows that there are still few activities within the group that focus on environmental maintenance, which can support the productive activities of fishermen. This community service activity includes: 1) increasing environmental awareness and 2) waste management by KUB Gotong Royong to enhance the capacity of the previously inactive group. The methods in this service include: socialization to strengthen the group, environmental awareness counseling, assistance in waste management (organic and inorganic), and management towards 3R (reuse, reduce, and recycle). The results achieved from this activity are that the people of Puger Village, especially members of KUB Gotong Royong, are able to increase their awareness to implement the separation of organic and inorganic waste in accordance with the application of the green concept of 3R (Reuse, Reduce, and Recycle). By implementing this community service activity, the people of Puger Village can better maintain the cleanliness of the surrounding environment.
INISIASI INTEGRATED FARMING SYSTEM (IFS) BAGI PETANI HORTIKULTURA DI DESA MAYANGAN, KECAMATAN GUMUKMAS KABUPATEN JEMBER
Authors: Azmi Hilmi Tsabiatul , Putri Widya Kristiyanti , Soeparjono Sigit , Khozin Mohammad Nur , Slameto
Published: August 2024

The intensive farming system was still carried out by most farmers in Mayangan Village, Jember Regency, by implementing massive use of inorganic fertilizers. Thus, the activity has impacted the decrease in land quality and plant production. This community service aimed to educate farmers and initiate Integrated Farming System (IFS) in Mayangan Village. The community service was done for 6 months by steps; socializing, division work, practice, and evaluation. The community service was held in collaboration with the Ecophysiology of Tropical Plant Research Group (KeRis), University of Jember with farmers and livestock breeders from several farmer groups in Mayangan Village. The community service that has been carried out has made farmers more aware of the importance of integrated farming, especially the use of organic fertilizers in horticultural plant cultivation in Mayangan Village. This community service also increases cooperation between farmers and livestock breeders who collaborate to realize sustainable agriculture. Livestock waste can be processed into fertilizer, agricultural by-products can be used as animal feed, and during the process, soil fertility can be maintained properly, which is expected to increase the productivity of horticultural plants in Mayangan Village.
Guidelines for the development of WOAH online modules: Core Requirements
Authors:   WOAH
Published: August 2024

The purpose of these guidelines is to provide a framework for the development of quality e-Learning modules for WOAH Training Platform. These guidelines are freely available and accessible on WOAH Training Portal. The guidelines are also available on the websites of WOAH Collaborating Centres for Veterinary Training and Education.
Garcinia minutiflora (Clusiaceae), a new record from Peninsular Thailand, with lectotypification
Authors:   Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand., Ngernsaengsaruay Chatchai , Tetsana Naiyana ,   Forest Herbarium, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand., Suddee Somran ,   Forest Herbarium, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand., Boonthasak Weereesa ,   Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand., Meeprom Nattanon ,   Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH3 6LR, Scotland, UK.
Published: August 2024

Garcinia minutiflora (Clusiaceae), previously known only from Peninsular Malaysia, is reported as a new record from dry evergreen forest on limestone hills in Phangnga and Krabi Provinces, Peninsular Thailand. A detailed morphological description, illustrations and a distribution map of the species are presented, along with information on distribution, specimens examined, habitat, conservation assessment, phenology and vernacular name. In addition, G. minutiflora is lectotypified.
Antiviral activity of natural compounds extracted from Mediterranean medicinal plants against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Ghio Stephanie , Brincat Jean-Pierre , Cetin Yuksel , Lia Frederick
Published: August 2024

Spices and Mediterranean medicinal plants provide a rich resource for novel antiviral drug development. The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) led to a pandemic with devastating outcomes, and hence, there is a global need to search for small-molecule inhibitors that can act against this viral pathogen. This review highlights studies that have investigated the antiviral activities of spices and Mediterranean herbs, as well as their mechanism of action against SARS-CoV-2. Potential therapeutic target mechanisms addressed in this review comprise both host-directed and virus-directed therapies. Host-directed therapies include the inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2). Virus-directed therapies include inhibition of papain-like protease (PLpro) and the main protease, 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro). Though numerous studies have been conducted on natural products, many of these studies have been performed in silico and require further research to verify the suggested therapeutic properties. 3CLpro has been identified as the target with the largest number of proven in vitro results, with compounds from different classes of molecules shown to inhibit this essential viral protease. In silico studies have confirmed the in vitro results, while providing additional mechanistic insights. Phytocompounds can serve as a foundation for designing new antiviral therapies.
The Roles and Rights of Women in the Modern Era from an Islamic Perspective
Authors: Khofiyya Ramadhina Nida'an , Tazkiyatan Naila , Darnoto Darnoto
Published: August 2024

particularly in the last few decades. Nevertheless, women are occasionally the victims of social injustice and are consequently regarded as inferior beings. The Islamic tradition, as set forth in the Quran and the hadith, espouses the view that there is no distinction between the rights of men and women. Both genders are provided with an equal opportunity for personal and professional growth across a range of societal roles. This research employs qualitative methods and a literature review. The objective of this research project is to examine the role of women and their rights in the context of Islamic teachings. The study will address two key objectives. The primary objective of this study is to elucidate the role and rights of women in an Islamic perspective. The objective is to identify and analyze the challenges and obstacles that women continue to face in accessing equal educational and economic opportunities, as well as other sectors. These obstacles are shaped by a complex interplay of social norms, conservative religious interpretations, and socio-cultural and structural challenges. To achieve complete gender equality, it is imperative to address these impediments and dismantle the structural barriers that impede women's advancement.
Analisis Rasio Keuangan Pada PT. Garuda Food Periode 2019-2022
Authors: Petrus Petrus Delpansius Tondang , Musyaffi Ayatulloh Michael , Khairunnisa Hera
Published: August 2024

This study analyzes PT. Garuda Food Putra Putri Jaya Tbk's financial performance from 2019 to 2022, focusing on the snack food industry. The Covid-19 pandemic significantly impacted the company in 2020, leading to decreased sales and net profit, but it recovered in 2021 with substantial growth in both metrics. Financial ratios including liquidity, solvency, profitability, and activity indicate stable liquidity and solvency but highlight a decline in return on investment (ROI) and return on equity (ROE), suggesting a need for enhanced efficiency and profitability. Short-term recommendations include improving debt management and focusing on product innovation. Medium-term strategies involve boosting operational efficiency and increasing branding efforts, while long-term plans emphasize investing in technology for production efficiency and diversifying product portfolios. These measures aim to ensure sustainable growth and strengthen the company's market position amidst evolving business challenges.
Dissociation Behavior of Methane Hydrate Inside Different Saturation Sediments in a Sustained Depressurization Process
Authors: Dong Shuang , Chen Mingkun , Tian Mengru , Zheng Jia-nan , Yang Mingjun , Song Yongchen
Published: August 2024

Methane hydrate is one of the important energy storage sources, naturally distributed in marine porous sediments. However, the dissociation behavior of hydrate inside different saturation sediments during sustained depressurization remains unclear. In this study, methane hydrate-bearing sediments were synthesized using initial water saturations varying between 9.5% and 56.9% and subsequently dissociated at a gas exhaust rate of 0.77 Ls/min. The results indicate that the dissociation of hydrates is closely related to the initial hydrate distribution until the sediments get iced when the sediment pressure declines below 2.5 MPa. Due to the exothermic reaction of ice formation, the dissociation of hydrates after icing accelerates significantly, and its limiting factor becomes the gas exhaust rate. In addition, both production and monitoring pipes were used in this study to evaluate the possible plugging within the sediments, and the plugging zone within the sediments can be located by examining the thermodynamic correlation between pressure and temperature responses. It was found that all experimental cases with high saturations (47.4% and more initial water) easily induce plugging between sediments and production/monitoring pipes, with the maximum pressure gap reaching up to 2.5 MPa. These findings may aid in ensuring the safety and efficiency of the hydrate exploitation process in the future.
High-rate Biohydrogen Production in Single-Chamber Microbial Electrolysis Cell Using Iron-Sulfide Modified Biocathode
Authors: Qing Bu , Noori Md Tabish , Min Booki
Published: August 2024

Microbial electrolysis cells (MEC) can produce hydrogen (H2) at a low energy expense, but H2 production rate is often limited by poor microbe-electrode interaction. This study aimed to enhance the interaction of microbes with a cathode electrode modified with an iron-sulfide (FeS) catalyst in MECs to achieve an efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and to optimize performance at different substrate concentrations, ranging from 1 g/L to 3 g/L of glucose. The electrochemical analysis revealed FeS a highly active catalyst for HER, surpassing the performance of a 10% platinum (Pt-C)-modified cathode. At 2g/L glucose, MECs with a FeS-modified cathode (MEC-FeS) produced hydrogen at the highest yield of 7.01 mol H2/mol glucose, and the hydrogen production rate was 1.96 ± 0.09 m3/m3•d. The control operations of MEC with a pristine cathode and dark fermentation resulted in a reduced hydrogen yield of 5.83 ± 0.25 mol H2/mol glucose and 2.12 ± 0.1 mol H2/mol glucose, respectively. Moreover, the MEC-FeS achieved a high energy efficiency of 78 ± 5% when compared to the MEC without catalyst (60 ± 5%) and the dark fermentation (24 ± 1%). This study suggests that the utilization of FeS as a cathode catalyst in MECs can ensure high-rate hydrogen generation with optimal substrate concentration, paving the way for efficient upscaling and field application.
SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a accessory protein is a water-permeable channel that induces lysosome swelling
Authors: Michelucci Antonio , Sforna Luigi , Focaia Riccardo , Leonardi Maria Vittoria , Battista Angela Di , Rastelli Giorgia , Vespa Simone , Boncompagni Simona , Cristina Manlio Di , Catacuzzeno Luigi
Published: August 2024

Open reading frame 3a (ORF3a) is among the most expressed viral accessory proteins of SARS-CoV-2, the pathogen responsible for the last pandemic. ORF3a mainly targets lysosomes of the host cell and promotes lysosomal inactivation through their deacidification, an essential step for lysosomal exocytosis and virus egress. However, the exact mechanism through which ORF3a performs this function is still unclear. While seminal studies suggested ORF3a functioning as a cation-selective viroporin, a recent work disproved this conclusion. To unravel the possible function of ORF3a, here we employed a multidisciplinary approach including molecular dynamics (MD), molecular biology, electrophysiology, and electron microscopy. Our electrophysiological results, in accordance with apreliminary MD structural analysis, ruled out that ORF3a functions as anion channel when expressed in HEK293 cells. Conversely, both MD and videoimaging experiments for the assessment of cell volume changes demonstrated that ORF3a mediates the transmembrane transport of water. Using MD, we also identified the putative selectivity filter for water permeation, and experimentally confirmed its relevance for water transport by showing that its mutation at the level of an asparagine (N82L and N82W) abolishes ORF3a-mediated water permeation. Finally, ORF3a expression in HEK293 cells determined lysosomal volume increase (swelling), mitochondrial damage, and accumulation of intracellular membranes, and these effects were reverted by the N82W mutation. Collectively, our data suggest a new function for the ORF3a protein as a lysosomal water permeable channel. The ORF3a-mediated water transport across lysosome membrane might promote lysosomal swelling and deacidification and, by consequence, inactivation, a key step to promote virus egress from the cell.
Design of an Incremental Graph-based Routing Model for enhancing QoS of dense IoMT Networks using Truncated Side chains
Authors: Fuke Radhika , Ranawat Rekha
Published: August 2024

The exponential growth of Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) has necessitated the need for an efficient and secure routing mechanism capable of handling dense network traffic while also ensuring quality of service (QoS) and privacy. Existing solutions in the domain are often limited by their inability to effectively fuse temporal and spatial information for route optimization and lack comprehensive methods to secure route data samples. In this paper, I present the Incremental Graph-based Routing Model for QoS enhancement in dense IoMT Networks using Truncated Sidechains (IGRMQITS). Our model leverages a graph-based Q Learning (GQL) algorithm for route optimization, which is further enhanced using a novel Teacher Learner, based Firefly Optimizer (TLFFO). This ensures the identification of optimal routes by efficiently fusing temporal and spatial information of the nodes. To secure the data on these routes, we introduce an innovative truncated sidechaining model, which employs Grey Wolf Whale Optimizer (GWWO) for selecting optimal sidechain lengths. The chains are then truncated using a Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) that prioritizes different privacy levels, thereby ensuring a robust security mechanism for real-time networks. The proposed model has proven to significantly enhance the network performance, with a 10.5% reduction in communication delay, 8.5% increase in energy efficiency, 3.9% improvement in throughput, 1.5% increase in packet delivery ratio, and an 8.3% reduction in jitter. Furthermore, our model also excels in reducing the mining delay by 12.5%, cutting down energy consumption during mining by 5.9%, and decreasing the storage requirements for mining by 4.9%. Thus, IGRMQITS represents a significant step forward in the field of IoMT, addressing the critical challenges of route optimization, data security, and privacy in dense network environments. This work not only enhances the QoS in IoMT networks but also sets a new benchmark for future research in the domain, pushing the boundaries of what is possible in the field of IoMT network optimization and security levels.
Organic compounds in metallic hydrogen
Authors: Ackland Graeme , Seeyangnok Jakkapat , Pinsook Udomsilp
Published: August 2024

Metallic hydrogen[1] is the most common condensed material in the universe,
comprising the centre of gas giant planets[2–4] However, experimental studies are
extremely challenging[5–8], and most of our understanding of this material has
been led by theory. Chemistry in this environment has not been probed experi-
mentally, so here we examine hydrocarbon chemistry in metallic hydrogen using
density functional theory calculations[9, 10]. We find that carbon and oxygen
react with metallic hydrogen to produce an entirely new type of hydrocarbon
chemistry based on sixfold coordinated carbon with organic-style molecules CH6,
C2H8, C3H10 OH3 and CH4OH. These are charged molecules stabilised by the
metallic environment. Their associated electric fields are screened, giving oscil-
lation in the surrounding electron and proton densities. In view of the excess
hydrogen we refer to them as hypermethane, hyperethane etc. The relationship
to traditional chemistry is that the metallic background acts as an electron donor
and stabilizes negatively charged ions. This enables the formation of six cova-
lent bonds per carbon atom, or three per oxygen atom. This demonstrates that
organic chemistry may take place in very different environments from those found
on earth, and may be common throughout the universe.
Heavy Metal and Bacteria Contamination of Selected Wetland Ecosystems on the Eastern Slope of Mount Cameroon: Implications for Human and Ecosystem Health
Authors: Fonge Beatrice Ambo , Shu Vejiline Lum-Ndob , Awo Miranda Egbe , Katte Nsiyapnze Katte Yato , Tabot Pascal Tabi , Asare Derrick Adu , Emikpe Benjamin Obukowho
Published: August 2024

The wetland ecosystems on Mount Cameroon's eastern slope, known for their agroecological significance and biodiversity, are facing potential threats such as heavy metal and bacterial contamination due to poor waste management systems and anthropogenic activities. A study was conducted to quantify the heavy metals and bacterial loads in Solanum scabrum Mill., Amaranthus cruentus L., and Talinum fruticosum (L.) Juss., three major vegetables grown in the area. Soil and water samples were collected and analyzed for the concentrations of 36 elements, including heavy metals, using the Inductively Coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) approach. The bacteria in the samples were isolated and cultured in lactose broth, and the total coliform count was estimated using the Maximum Probable Number (MPN) technique. The heavy metals in both soil and plant samples occurred in the order Mn > Zn > Cr > Ni > Cu > Co > Pb > Fe > Al. The contamination indices of Mn > 5807.3 and Cr > 4698.3 indicated varied sources of these metal contaminants. The bioaccumulation coefficient (BAC) was >1 for most of the metals, with T. fruticosum having the highest BAC value (3.60) for the leaves. The mean bacteria count indicated high contamination with Enterobacteria (600CFU) and E. coli (500CFU) in vegetables across all sampling sites. The high concentration of bacterial contaminants in the soil, water, and plants across the study sites indicates a high health risk, making the ecosystem not pristine and thus impossible for these wetlands to improve food security. Consequently, this study provides crucial information for policymakers and stakeholders to develop effective strategies for the conservation and sustainable management of these wetlands.
Nursing case of Antifungal Drug-induced Phlebitis in a Patient with Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Authors: Wen Jia-Quan , Guo Xing-Yu , Xie Yan-Qun , Zhang Jun-Jun , Mei Jun-Hui
Published: August 2024

This article summarized the nursing experience of phlebitis caused by intravenous infusion of amphotericin B cholesterol sulfate complex in a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome. The focus of nursing care was to use infrared rays of a specific electromagnetic wave therapy device to treat the patient's phlebitis. After 30 minutes each time, twice a day, the patient's phlebitis was cured after 6 days of continuous use. It ensured the smooth progress of antifungal treatment of the patient.
Enhancing Workflow Efficiency: A Modified Firefly Algorithm for Hybrid Cloud-Edge Environments
Authors: Alsadie Deafallah , Alsulami Musleh
Published: August 2024

Efficient scheduling of scientific workflows in cloud computing environments is essential for optimizing resource utilization and minimizing completion time. In this study, we comprehensively evaluate different scheduling algorithms, focusing on the Modified Firefly Optimization Algorithm (ModFOA) in comparison with existing methods like Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), Genetic Algorithm (GA), and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Our investigation considers key performance metrics such as makespan, resource utilization, and energy consumption across diverse configurations and scenarios. Scientific workflows often involve intricate tasks with dependencies, posing challenges for efficient scheduling. While existing algorithms have shown promise, they may not fully address the unique requirements of cloud environments, leading to suboptimal outcomes. Therefore, we propose evaluating ModFOA’s effectiveness in scheduling scientific workflows in the cloud. Through comparative analysis, ModFOA demonstrates superior performance in terms of makespan, achieving lower completion times across various configurations. Additionally, ModFOA exhibits competitive resource utilization and moderate energy consumption, positioning it as a promising solution for optimizing workflow scheduling in cloud environments. This study underscores the significance of selecting efficient scheduling algorithms and highlights ModFOA’s potential in improving workflow scheduling and resource management in cloud environments. Further research could focus on refining ModFOA parameters and validating its practicality in real-world cloud computing scenarios.
Family-wide analysis of human macrodomains reveals novel activities
Authors: Weixler* Lisa , Žaja* Roko , Ikenga Nonso J. , Mohan Ganga , Aydin Gülcan , Wijngaarden Sven , Filippov Dmitri V. , Lüscher Bernhard , Feijs-Žaja Karla L. H.
Published: August 2024

ADP-ribosylation is well-known as protein posttranslational modification and was recently also identified as RNA posttranscriptional modification. ADP-ribose is added onto substrates by PARP enzymes and removed by the structurally distinct ADP-ribosylhydrolases (ARH) or macrodomain-containing proteins. When macrodomain proteins were identified as hydrolases a decade ago, many ADP-ribosylation substrates were not yet identified. Therefore, the majority of macrodomain-containing proteins have not been tested towards these additional substrates and were considered to be inactive. Here, we compare in vitro activities of the human macrodomain-containing proteins on a wide range of ADP-ribosylated substrates. We confirm recent findings that PARP9 macro1 and PARP14macro1 can reverse ADP-ribosylation from acidic residues and provide evidence that also PARP14macro2 and PARP15macro2 can function as ADP-ribosylhydrolases. In addition we identified both PARP9macro1 and PARP14macro1 as RNA decapping protein domains. Notwithstanding these in vitro activities, our data further show that PARG is the major RNA decapping enzyme in HEK293 cells. Together, our findings expand on defining catalytic functions of macrodomains including some previously thought to be only readers.

*Lisa Weixler and Roko Žaja are shared first authors.
Augmenting Early Stroke Diagnosis With an Eye-Tracker
Authors: Hassan Mohamed Abul , Zhuang Yan , E-Rabbi Mohammed , Aldridge Chad , Southerland  , Rohde Gustavo
Published: August 2024

Posterior circulation stroke (PCS) presents significant diagnostic challenges due to poorly localizing and non-specific symptoms, such as dizziness, nausea, and headache, which are often misattributed to benign conditions. This study introduces an innovative diagnostic tool that utilizes a machine learning algorithm-driven eye tracker to enhance early diagnosis of PCS. Our approach involves analyzing eye movements during three standard neurological eye examinations: the Dot Test, H Test, and Optokinetic Nystagmus (OKN) Test. The Discrete Radon Cumulative Distribution Transform (DRCDT) and nearest subspace (NS) classification methods were employed to distinguish between PCS patients and healthy controls by identifying specific eye movement patterns. Results demonstrate that the ensemble model combining the three tests achieved the highest sensitivity and accuracy, with a sensitivity of 96\% and an accuracy of 88\%, in diagnosing PCS. This study's findings underscore the potential of an eye-tracker-based diagnostic tool to support a more accurate and efficient diagnosis, particularly for non-neurology trained providers, which would improve patient outcomes with more timely and appropriate treatment. The proposed tool offers a practical solution to the limitations of current diagnostic methods, such as the need for calibration and reliance on highly trained specialists, and can be seamlessly integrated into clinical settings to support emergency medical services (EMS) and emergency department (ED) triage.
Large language models auto-profile conscious awareness changes under psychedelic drug effects
Authors: Bzdok Danilo , Carhart-Harris Robin , Savignac Chloe , Bell Gregory , Laureys Steven
Published: August 2024

Psychedelic experiences open a colorful view into drug-induced changes in conscious awareness. Small-sample studies on psychedelic drug action have gained traction in recent years. Yet, today’s means for measuring changes in subjective experience are mostly limited to legacy questionnaires of pre-assumed relevance, which could be complemented by bottom-up explorations of semantic facets that underlie experience reports. Here, we show how to harness large language models (LLMs) to i) design from scratch, ii) annotate at scale, and iii) evaluate with rigor a vast portfolio of experience dimensions during psychoactive drug influence, yielding > 2 million automatic dimension ratings that would otherwise have been done by hand. Investigator-independent LLM scoring of these drug effects on the human mind alone allowed to robustly discriminate the unique mental effects of 30 psychoactive substances. Successful knowledge integration of how psychedelics mediate shifts in subjective awareness will be an unavoidable milestone towards charting the full drug design space.
Preliminary Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity of Malva parviflora against respiratory and dermatological pathogens
Authors: Madisha Jacobus Kori
Published: August 2024

Malva parviflora fruit and leaves abstracts was exposed for abstraction with acetone and methanol used dissolvent tested for antiseptic property by micro-dilution and agar well diffusion method against eight microbial liable for breathing and dermatological infections. The ethanol extracts exhibited relatively higher zone of inhibition (24) Haemophilus influenza against Staphylococcus aureus. The MIC were stable by micro dilution technique and documented both acetone and methanol abstracts at 0.195-25 mg/ml. Preliminary Phytochemical study exposed the flexible existence of secondary metabolites including tannins, steroid, terpenoid, saponin, Flavonoid, phenol, Glycoside, Alkaloid and Anthraquinone. Since the outcomes, it be able to be resolved that M. parviflora takes noteworthy natural activities against tried bacteria and can be used in treatment improvement against respiratory and dermatological infections.
Used vs Preferred Dissemination Channels and Implementation Strategies for Concussion/mTBI Resources in Military Primary Care
Authors: Gano Amanda , Bell Kathryn
Published: August 2024

Background:
Concussion is a significant medical condition in military medicine requiring knowledge of evidence-based best practices by medical providers. Military primary care managers (PCMs) are often tasked with caring for this condition from point of injury to return to duty. Multiple evidence-based tools exist to guide military PCMs in the assessment and treatment of this condition, but little is known about the dissemination channels and implementation strategies (D&I) that are most preferred by military PCMs to receive these resources.
Methods:
This cross-sectional study using an internet-based survey disseminated via social media was conducted to determine the concordance between currently used vs preferred dissemination channels and implementation strategies in current and former PCMs of military service members and veterans. Percentage point differences between currently used and preferred channels and strategies were calculated to determine level of agreement. A McNemar Test was used to determine statistical significance.
Results
Dissemination strategies in which providers indicated that they preferred more than they were receiving were professional conferences, seminars at their clinics or institutions, infographics, podcasts produced by professional organizations, online videos by professional organizations, and email listserv. For implementation strategies, providers indicated that they wanted significantly more practice facilitation, needs assessments, addressing clinical specific barriers, technology solutions, in-person training events, audit and feedback, external consultations, and local interdisciplinary work-groups than were currently being used. The only implementation strategy that providers indicated receiving more than they would actually prefer was web-based training. Professional conferences, seminars, online peer reviewed clinical resources, and online clinical recommendations for providers, in that order, were the most preferred dissemination channels by participants. Practice facilitation, in-person training, and clinical specific needs assessments were the most preferred implementation strategies.
Conclusion
Consideration of provider preferences in D&I strategy by organizations that produce evidence-based guidance on concussion may enhance the use of existing recommendations by PCMs, increase military treatment facility compliance with metrics, and enhance patient outcomes.
Laparoscopy in post operative adhesive intestinal obstruction in children, is it a good option?
Authors: Oshiba Ahmed , Kotb Mostafa
Published: August 2024

Postoperative adhesive small bowel obstruction (ASBO) is one of the major complications of abdominal surgery in children.(1, 2) Although the incidence of postoperative ASBO varies according to the type of operation performed, its incidence in children has been estimated to be between 1 and 5%.(3, 4) Surgical intervention is frequently necessary (in 35–45% of cases) to mitigate the risk of complications such as intestinal perforation and gangrene.
Objectives: our study aims to assess the efficacy of the laparoscopic approach in postoperative adhesive intestinal obstruction in children, focusing on postoperative recovery, pain management, and cosmetic outcomes.
Patients and methods: A total of 28 children exhibiting signs and symptoms indicative of intestinal obstruction (including bilious and non-bilious vomiting, abdominal distension, tenderness, and absence of stool passage) were enrolled. Additionally, an erect X-ray of the abdomen and pelvis was performed to visualize air-fluid levels. According to our institutional protocol, all children were admitted to our unit and placed on oral gastrograffin therapy while being kept nil by mouth; a nasogastric tube was inserted. Daily erect X-rays were conducted to monitor progress.
Results: Twenty patients failed to respond to conservative treatment and required exploration. Following a 48-hour period with no clinical or radiological improvement, laparoscopic exploration was pursued.
Conclusion: we sum up that the use of laparoscopy in post operative adhesive intestinal obstruction in children is safe and effective regarding the operative time, intraoperative complications, postoperative hospital stay and recovery.
Meta-Topolin induced highly efficient plant regeneration from various explants of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)
Authors: Gande Kranthikumar , Marapaka Vasudha , Jogam Phanikanth , Peddaboina Venkataiah
Published: August 2024

Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is one of the essential vegetables worldwide, and cultivated genotypes of eggplant suffer from numerous abiotic and biotic stresses. A reproducible and efficient plant regeneration system is crucial for applying molecular breeding methods to overcome the difficulties of conventional breeding programs to improve eggplant germplasm, such as genetic transformation and genome editing techniques. The three explant types, cotyledon, hypocotyl, and leaf, were obtained from two different cultivars, Pusa purple long (PPL) and Pusa green red (PGR) of eggplant. Three explants were cultivated on media augmented with a variety of cytokinins like BAP, mT, and ZEA with different concentrations. The media supplemented with mT at 8.28 µM generated the highest number of shoots, which showed the optimum regeneration efficiency for all three explants in two eggplant genotypes. The cotyledon explants generated the optimum number of shoot buds on the medium amended with low concentrations of BAP (2.22 µM), KIN (2.32 µM), and ZEA (2.28 µM), and mT at 8.28 µM. The mT (8.28 µM) and BAP at 2.22 µM combinations produced 25.8 and 18.3 shoots in PPL and PGR genotypes, respectively. The addition of various concentrations of IAA (1.43 to 5.71 µM), IBA (1.23 to 4.92 µM), and NAA (1.34 to 5.37 µM) in combination with mT (8.28 µM) were evaluated to find out their role on the induction and proliferation of numerous shoot buds from cotyledon explants of two cultivars of eggplant. The medium augmented with mT (8.28 µM) and IAA (2.85 µM) produced 26.4 shoots and 17.8 shoots in cotyledon explants of PPL and PGR cultivars, respectively. The optimum rooting efficiency of shoots was recorded on the medium containing the IAA (5.71 µM) and produced complete plantlets. The plantlets showed 100% similarity with their mother plants.
Microbial Community Diversity and Succession of Casing Soil during Oudemansiella raphanipes Cultivation
Authors: Tan XIAO , Li Xinlei , Elbassiony Khalid Ragaei Abdraboh , Wang Honglei
Published: August 2024

In this study, high-throughput sequencing(HTS) was used to demonstrate the microbial community diversity and succession of casing soil during Oudemansiella raphanipes cultivation. The abundance and diversity of bacteria and fungi were the highest in the original soil of vegetable soil, and decreased in casing soil, but increased at the end of the mushroom formation. /As the mushroom formation progressed, bacterial aspects, some microorganisms that are often found in heavy metal contaminated soils such as Massilia, Sphingomonas, and Cupriavidus increased in abundance. In terms of fungi, the dominant fungi in the vegetable soil and at the end of the mushroom formation stage was Thermoascus, and the abundance of some plant and animal pathogens, such as Candida, Aspergillus, Trichoderma, and Chaetomium, increased in the first and second mushroom formation stages.This study revealed microbial community succession of casing soil during Oudemansiella raphanipes cultivation, providing theoretical support to improve the yield and quality of Oudemansiella raphanipes by adjusting the casing soil, and also to find solutions for disease control.