bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outcomes and Blood Product Use in 89 Surgically Managed and 79 Medically Managed Cases of Acute Spontaneous Hemoperitoneum in the Dog
Authors: Wright Leah Veronica , Renwick Michelle , Soh Rachel W. Y. , Fan Nicole R. , Tebb Anna J. , Indrawirawan Yenny H.
Published: October 2021

Objective: To describe a population of dogs with acute spontaneous hemoperitoneum (ASH) that were treated with either surgical or medical management in the first 12 h after presentation, and to perform a preliminary investigation into whether there were differences in achieving cardiovascular stabilization or patterns of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion between patients treated with early (<12 h) surgery vs.medical management.

Design: A retrospective multicenter preliminary study performed on 168 dogs presenting with ASH between January 2015 and May 2019. Patients were excluded if they were euthanized or discharged from hospital within the first 12 h, or if clinical records were incomplete. All patients received appropriate medical stabilization efforts. Statistical analysis was performed comparing patients that underwent early (<12 h) surgery and those that did not.

Results: Eighty-nine patients were in the early surgical group and 79 patients in the medical group. A significantly higher proportion of medical cases were euthanized (p < 0.001). A significantly higher proportion of early surgical cases were discharged from hospital (p = 0.005). There was no statistically significant difference between groups in achieving cardiovascular stabilization (OR 1.07 p = 0.82). A higher proportion of patients with body-weight over 20 kg achieved stabilization within 12 h than those with body-weight of 20 kg or less (62.7 vs. 41.4%, p < 0.01). A higher proportion of patients with splenic conditions achieved stabilization than patients with non-splenic conditions (56.5 vs. 28.6%, p = 0.05). The odds of receiving an RBC transfusion were higher in the early surgical group than the medical group [OR 3.81 (p < 0.001)].

Conclusions: This preliminary study did not identify a significant difference in the ability to achieve cardiovascular stabilization in the first 12 h in dogs with ASH that underwent early surgical intervention vs. those managed medically. Patients in the early surgical group were more likely to receive a RBC transfusion than those in the medical group. At this time the decision on whether to pursue medical or early surgical management should be made on a case by case basis.
Underwater Target Localization Using Opportunistic Ship Noise Recorded on a Compact Hydrophone Array
Authors: Mirzaei Hotkani Mojgan , Bousquet Jean-Francois , Seyedin Seyed Alireza , Martin Bruce , Malekshahi Ehsan
Published: October 2021

In this research, a new application using broadband ship noise as a source-of-opportunity to estimate the scattering field from the underwater targets is reported. For this purpose, a field trial was conducted in collaboration with JASCO Applied Sciences at Duncan’s Cove, Canada in September 2020. A hydrophone array was deployed in the outbound shipping lane at a depth of approximately 71 m to collect broadband noise data from different ship types and effectively localize the underwater targets. In this experiment, a target was installed at a distance (93 m) from the hydrophone array at a depth of 25 m. In this study, a matched field processing (MFP) algorithm is utilized for localization. Different propagation models are presented using Green’s function to generate the replica signal; this includes normal modes in a shallow water waveguide, the Lloyd-mirror pattern for deep water, as well as the image model. We use the MFP algorithm with different types of underwater environment models and a proposed estimator to find the best match between the received signal and the replica signal. Finally, by applying the scatter function on the proposed multi-channel cross correlation coefficient time-frequency localization algorithm, the location of target is detected.
Bag of Features (BoF) Based Deep Learning Framework for Bleached Corals Detection
Authors: Jamil Sonain , Rahman MuhibUr , Haider Amir
Published: October 2021

Coral reefs are the sub-aqueous calcium carbonate structures collected by the invertebrates known as corals. The charm and beauty of coral reefs attract tourists, and they play a vital role in preserving biodiversity, ceasing coastal erosion, and promoting business trade. However, they are declining because of over-exploitation, damaging fishery, marine pollution, and global climate changes. Also, coral reefs help treat human immune-deficiency virus (HIV), heart disease, and coastal erosion. The corals of Australia’s great barrier reef have started bleaching due to the ocean acidification, and global warming, which is an alarming threat to the earth’s ecosystem. Many techniques have been developed to address such issues. However, each method has a limitation due to the low resolution of images, diverse weather conditions, etc. In this paper, we propose a bag of features (BoF) based approach that can detect and localize the bleached corals before the safety measures are applied. The dataset contains images of bleached and unbleached corals, and various kernels are used to support the vector machine so that extracted features can be classified. The accuracy of handcrafted descriptors and deep convolutional neural networks is analyzed and provided in detail with comparison to the current method. Various handcrafted descriptors like local binary pattern, a histogram of an oriented gradient, locally encoded transform feature histogram, gray level co-occurrence matrix, and completed joint scale local binary pattern are used for feature extraction. Specific deep convolutional neural networks such as AlexNet, GoogLeNet, VGG-19, ResNet-50, Inception v3, and CoralNet are being used for feature extraction. From experimental analysis and results, the proposed technique outperforms in comparison to the current state-of-the-art methods. The proposed technique achieves 99.08% accuracy with a classification error of 0.92%. A novel bleached coral positioning algorithm is also proposed to locate bleached corals in the coral reef images.
Cognitive Assessment Tools Recommended in Geriatric Oncology Guidelines: A Rapid Review
Authors: Tuch Gina , Soo Wee Kheng , Luo Ki-Yung , Frearson Kinglsey , Oh Ek Leone , Phillips Jane L. , Agar Meera , Lane Heather
Published: October 2021

Cognitive assessment is a cornerstone of geriatric care. Cognitive impairment has the potential to significantly impact multiple phases of a person’s cancer care experience. Accurately identifying this vulnerability is a challenge for many cancer care clinicians, thus the use of validated cognitive assessment tools are recommended. As international cancer guidelines for older adults recommend Geriatric Assessment (GA) which includes an evaluation of cognition, clinicians need to be familiar with the overall interpretation of the commonly used cognitive assessment tools. This rapid review investigated the cognitive assessment tools that were most frequently recommended by Geriatric Oncology guidelines: Blessed Orientation-Memory-Concentration test (BOMC), Clock Drawing Test (CDT), Mini-Cog, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ). A detailed appraisal of the strengths and limitations of each tool was conducted, with a focus on practical aspects of implementing cognitive assessment tools into real-world clinical settings. Finally, recommendations on choosing an assessment tool and the additional considerations beyond screening are discussed.
Progress and Challenges in Quantifying Carbonyl-Metabolomic Phenomes with LC-MS/MS
Authors: Sun Yuting , Tang Huiru , Wang Yulan
Published: October 2021

Carbonyl-containing metabolites widely exist in biological samples and have important physiological functions. Thus, accurate and sensitive quantitative analysis of carbonyl-containing metabolites is crucial to provide insight into metabolic pathways as well as disease mechanisms. Although reversed phase liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (RPLC-ESI-MS) is widely used due to the powerful separation capability of RPLC and high specificity and sensitivity of MS, but it is often challenging to directly analyze carbonyl-containing metabolites using RPLC-ESI-MS due to the poor ionization efficiency of neutral carbonyl groups in ESI. Modification of carbonyl-containing metabolites by a chemical derivatization strategy can overcome the obstacle of sensitivity; however, it is insufficient to achieve accurate quantification due to instrument drift and matrix effects. The emergence of stable isotope-coded derivatization (ICD) provides a good solution to the problems encountered above. Thus, LC-MS methods that utilize ICD have been applied in metabolomics including quantitative targeted analysis and untargeted profiling analysis. In addition, ICD makes multiplex or multichannel submetabolome analysis possible, which not only reduces instrument running time but also avoids the variation of MS response. In this review, representative derivatization reagents and typical applications in absolute quantification and submetabolome profiling are discussed to highlight the superiority of the ICD strategy for detection of carbonyl-containing metabolites.
Orientin Improves Substrate Utilization and the Expression of Major Genes Involved in Insulin Signaling and Energy Regulation in Cultured Insulin-Resistant Liver Cells
Authors: Mazibuko-Mbeje Sithandiwe E. , Mthembu Sinenhlanhla X. H. , Tshiitamune Andani , Muvhulawa Ndivhuwo , Mthiyane Fikile T. , Ziqubu Khanyisani , Muller Christo J. F. , Dludla Phiwayinkosi V.
Published: October 2021

Our group has progressively reported on the impact of bioactive compounds found in rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) and their capacity to modulate glucose homeostasis to improve metabolic function in experimental models of type 2 diabetes. In the current study, we investigated how the dietary flavone, orientin, modulates the essential genes involved in energy regulation to enhance substrate metabolism. We used a well-established hepatic insulin resistance model of exposing C3A liver cells to a high concentration of palmitate (0.75 mM) for 16 hrs. These insulin-resistant liver cells were treated with orientin (10 µM) for 3 h to assess the therapeutic effect of orientin. In addition to assessing the rate of metabolic activity, end point measurements assessed include the uptake or utilization of glucose and palmitate, as well as the expression of genes involved in insulin signaling and regulating cellular energy homeostasis. Our results showed that orientin effectively improved metabolic activity, mainly by maintaining substrate utilization which was marked by enhanced glucose and palmitate uptake by liver cells subjected to insulin resistance. Interestingly, these effects can be explained by the improvement in the expression of genes involved in glucose transport (Glut2), insulin signaling (Irs1 and Pi3k), and energy regulation (Ampk and Cpt1). These preliminary findings lay an important foundation for future research to determine the bioactive properties of orientin against dyslipidemia or insulin resistance in reliable and well-established models of type 2 diabetes.
In Vitro Anti-Tubulin Activity on MCF10A Cell Line and In Silico Rigid/Semiflexible-Residues Docking, of Two Lignans from Bursera Fagaroides var. Fagaroides
Authors: Rodríguez-López Verónica , Millán-Pacheco César , González-Christen Judith , Anaya-Ruíz Maricruz , Peña-Morán Omar Aristeo
Published: October 2021

Podophyllotoxins are natural lignans with known cytotoxic activity on several cell lines. The structural basis for their actions is mainly by the aryltetralin-lignan skeleton. Authors have proposed a cytotoxic mechanism of podophyllotoxins through the topoisomerase-II inhibition activity; however, several studies have also suggested that podophyllotoxins can inhibit the microtubules polymerization. In this work, the two possible mechanisms of action of two previously isolated compounds from the stem bark of Bursera fagaroides var. fagaroides: acetylpodophyllotoxin (1) and 5’-desmethoxydeoxypodophyllotoxin (2), was analyzed. An in vitro anti-tubulin epifluorescence on the MCF10A cell line and enzymatic topoisomerase II assays were performed. The binding affinities of compounds 1 and 2 in the colchicine binding site of tubulin by using rigid- and semiflexible-residues were calculated and compared using in silico docking methods. The two lignans were active by the in vitro anti-tubulin assay but could not inhibit TOP2 activity. In the in silico analysis, the binding modes of compounds into both rigid- and semiflexible-residues of tubulin were predicted, and only for the semiflexible docking method, a linear correlation between the dissociation constant and IC50 previously reported was found. Our results suggest that a simple semiflexible-residues modification in docking methods could provide an in vitro correlation when analyzing very structurally similar compounds.
Effects of Biostimulants on the Chemical Composition of Essential Oil and Hydrosol of Lavandin (Lavandula x intermedia Emeric ex Loisel.) Cultivated in Tuscan-Emilian Apennines
Authors: Truzzi Eleonora , Benvenuti Stefania , Bertelli Davide , Francia Enrico , Ronga Domenico
Published: October 2021

In recent years, it has been shown that biostimulants can efficiently enhance plant metabolic processes, leading to an increased production of essential oil (EO) in aromatic plants. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of two different commercial biostimulants composed of amino acids and seaweed extract, normally used for food organic crops, on the production and composition of EO and hydrosol of Lavandula x intermedia, cultivar “Grosso”. The products were applied during 2020 growing season on lavender crops in three different locations of the Northern Italian (Emilia-Romagna Region) Apennines. Plants were harvested and EOs extracted by steam distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography. Both biostimulants affected the yield of EO per plant (+11% to +49% depending on the treatment/farm combination) without significantly changing the chemical composition of EOs and hydrosols. Conversely, the composition of EOs and hydrosols are related to the location, and the main compounds of “Grosso” cultivar, limonene, 1,8-cineole, cis-ocimene, linalool, camphor, borneol, terpinen-4-ol, and linalyl acetate, show different ratios at the experimental test sites. The differences might be due to the sunlight exposure and various maintenance of the crops over the years. In conclusion, these results suggest that the employment of biostimulants on lavandin crops do not endanger the quality of the EO while increasing biomass production and promoting the sustainability of the crop.
Greener Monolithic Solid Phase Extraction Biosorbent Based on Calcium Cross-Linked Starch Cryogel Composite Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles for Benzo(a)pyrene Analysis
Authors: Choodum Aree , Lamthornkit Nareumon , Boonkanon Chanita , Taweekarn Tarawee , Phatthanawiwat Kharittha , Sriprom Wilasinee , Limsakul Wadcharawadee , Chuenchom Laemthong , Wongniramaikul Worawit
Published: October 2021

Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) has been recognized as a marker for the detection of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. In this work, a novel monolithic solid-phase extraction (SPE) sorbent based on graphene oxide nanoparticles (GO) in starch-based cryogel composite (GO-Cry) was successfully prepared for BaP analysis. Rice flour and tapioca starch (gel precursors) were gelatinized in limewater (cross-linker) under alkaline conditions before addition of GO (filler) that can increase the ability to extract BaP up to 2.6-fold. BaP analysis had a linear range of 10 to 1000 µgL−1 with good linearity (R2 = 0.9971) and high sensitivity (4.1 ± 0.1 a.u./(µgL−1)). The limit of detection and limit of quantification were 4.21 ± 0.06 and 14.04 ± 0.19 µgL−1, respectively, with excellent precision (0.17 to 2.45%RSD). The accuracy in terms of recovery from spiked samples was in the range of 84 to 110% with no significant difference to a C18 cartridge. GO-Cry can be reproducibly prepared with 2.8%RSD from 4 lots and can be reused at least 10 times, which not only helps reduce the analysis costs (~0.41USD per analysis), but also reduces the resultant waste to the environment.
Description of a New Scaled Species of Ptychostomella (Gastrotricha: Macrodasyida) from the Brazilian Coast and a Cladistics Analysis of the Genus
Authors: Araújo Thiago Q. , Garraffoni André R. S.
Published: October 2021

A new species of marine Gastrotricha from the north coast of São Paulo state, Brazil, is described. Adults of Ptychostomella sebastiana sp. nov. are unique in that they possess a pair of dorsolateral “rod-like” cephalic sensory organs and subrectangular scales covering the lateral body surfaces. A cladistic analysis was performed to investigate the internal relationship of the representatives of the taxa based on morphological data. Our analysis supported the monophyly of the taxon Ptychostomella, but its internal phylogenetic relationships are not well established due to the low phylogenetic signal of morphological characters used in the present study.
Comparative analysis of the civic identity of students of humanitarian, medical and technical higher educational institutions
Authors: Ledvanova Tatyana Yurievna , Barylnik Yulia Borisovna , Filippova Natal’a Valer’evna , Nosova Mariya Nikolaevna
Published: October 2021

Civic identity is one of the most integrating systems, reflecting a wide range of different spheres of society's life, through which self-determination of the individual as a citizen of his country is carried out. The purpose of this work is to identify and compare the features of the civic identity of students of medical, humanitarian and technical higher educational institutions in the city of Saratov. The article is the first to consider the problem of the formation of civic identity of students of various universities from the standpoint of the analysis of cognitive, emotional and behavioral components. An experimental statistical study was carried out, in which 57 students took part. Based on the data obtained, the prevailing social value orientations of students of a humanitarian university, social-role value orientations of students of a medical university, as well as hedonistic value orientations of students of a technical university were revealed. The results of the study indicate that the constituent components of civic identity among students of a technical university are formed at a significantly lower level in comparison with students of other universities. The highest level of communicative potential is observed among students of a humanitarian university, and the lowest — among students of a technical university. The lowest level of behavioral regulation was formed among students of a technical university. Reduce the level of civic identity, namely its behavioral and emotional components, social introversion and psychasthenia; in addition, the behavioral component decreases due to an increase in the severity of depressive personality traits. The formation of the cognitive component of civic identity among students of humanitarian, medical and technical universities is associated with an adequate perception of reality.
The features of self-awareness and value orientations in agricultural workers with occupational diseases of the peripheral nervous system
Authors: Ledvanova Tatyana Yurievna , Barylnik Yulia Borisovna , Filippova Natal’a Valer’evna , Nosova Mariya Nikolaevna , Goryunov Sergey Alekseevich
Published: October 2021

The problem of preventing and reducing the level of occupational morbidity among agricultural workers is of particular importance, since occupational diseases are the cause of high disability and mortality rates of the working-age population all over the world. As a research task, the authors made an attempt to identify the features of the interdependence of the components of self-awareness and conflicts in value orientations for the manifestation of the phenomenology of disorders with further designation of the targets of psychotherapy. An experimental psychological study which included 40 agricultural workers with occupational diseases of the peripheral nervous system (experimental group) and without diseases (control group) was carried out using the multilevel personality questionnaire «Adaptability», the self-attitude test questionnaire by V.V. Stolin and S.R. Panteleev, and Schwartz's methodology «Value orientations». As a result of the study, it was found that in the subjects of the experimental group, in contrast to healthy individuals, the hyposthenic type of response prevails, there is the average level of neuropsychic tension, there is no tendency to reactions of the impulsive type, and a high negative and statistically significant relationship between the indicator of conflict in values and the level of personal adaptive potential is identified. The results of the study indicate that among agricultural workers with occupational diseases of the peripheral nervous system, accentuations of the character of the «inhibited» circle prevail, there is an increased level of anxiety and low tolerance to unfavorable factors of professional activity. The dominant personal values at the level of convictions are personal success in accordance with social standards and enjoyment of life, and at the level of behavior — understanding and protecting the well-being of all people and nature, preserving and increasing the well-being of loved ones. With an increase in conflict in value orientations, the adaptive potential of the respondents decreases, and a decrease in the level of self-attitude entails a decrease in adaptation.
Sexism in Russian neurosurgery
Authors: Kovalenko R.A. , Cherebillo V.Yu. , Mukhitova Yu.V. , Isayeva E.R. , Chemurzieva F.A. , Valchuk S.N.
Published: October 2021

The work is devoted to the study of the issue of gender inequality in Russian neurosurgery. Materials and methods: the study is based on an anonymous survey of neurosurgeons working in Russia. The authors have developed 2 questionnaires, different for men and women. 103 certified neurosurgeons were interviewed, 53 of them were men and 50 — women. Results: on average, male neurosurgeons were older, with more work experience, more often had a medical category (p <0.05) and performed a greater number of independent operations (p <0.01). In all the same questions characterizing the perception of the image of a female neurosurgeon, significant differences were revealed between men and women (p <0.01). Women do not feel less trust in the quality of their work because of their gender, but throughout their medical education and work, they regularly face the notion that neurosurgery is not a suitable profession for women. Harassment is not a typical phenomenon in Russian neurosurgery. Among the authors of articles in the 5 most cited Russian neurosurgical journals for 2016–2018, there were 20.7 % women; 15 % of the first authors were women. Conclusions: female neurosurgeons in Russia face manifestations of gender discrimination in the professional environment, which is an additional obstacle to becoming a neurosurgeon. The perception of the image of a female neurosurgeon differs significantly among neurosurgeons, depending on their gender.

English version of the article on pp. 488-494 is available at URL: https://panor.ru/articles/sexism-in-russian-neurosurgery/70193.html
The features of the course of acute stroke associated with the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19
Authors: Nozdryukhina Nataliya Vasilievna , Kabaeva Ekaterina Nikolaevna , Kirilyuk Evgeniy Vladimirovich , Tushova Kristina Andreevna , Salikhova Ilsiyar Ildarovna
Published: October 2021

Despite the modern advances of medicine, the incidence and death rate of COVID-19 remains quite high. The data about complications associated with the infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 are constantly updated. There is more and more information about complications from the nervous system, where stroke plays a leading role. The desire to more accurately understand the mechanisms of stroke development in patients with the novel coronavirus infection and the search for ways to improve the results of treatment of this pathology incurred the analysis of 289 cases of the new coronavirus infection in the specialized hospital of the City Clinical Hospital No. 15 named after O.M. Filatov (Moscow) for the period March-June 2020. All patients underwent the analysis of clinical, laboratory, and instrumental data. The features of the course of stroke against the background of COVID-19 and changes in indicators of clinical, laboratory and instrumental research methods are considered. The most common forms of extracerebral pathology in stroke in patients with COVID-19 are shown.

English version of the article on pp. 569-576 is available at URL: https://panor.ru/articles/features-of-the-acute-stroke-run-associated-with-the-new-coronavirus-infection-covid-19/70262.html
The use of reflexotherapy techniques in the treatment of transient post-vaccination reactions after immunization against COVID-19
Authors: Izvekov Aleksandr Aleksandrovich , Kapto Oksana Vladimirovna , Khritinin Dmitriy Fedorovich , Tyan Viktoriya Nikolaevna , Kazakov Sergey Petrovich , Eremin Mikhail Nikolaevich , Slastnikov Viktor Yurievich , Molodova Alevtina Igorevna , Khanykin Vladimir Sergeevich
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the use of reflexotherapy techniques in the treatment of transient post-vaccination reactions after the use of the vaccine "Sputnik V" against COVID-19.
A comparative analysis of the intellectual–mental disorders in patients with brain gliomas and meningiomas after surgical treatment
Authors: Kurnukhina Maria Yuryevna , Mukhitova Yulianna Vladimirovna , Cherebillo Vladislav Yuryevich , Isayeva Elena Rudolfovna
Published: October 2021

We performed study of 61 patients with brain glioma and meningioma. The diagnosis of the studied patients was based on clinical and laboratory data, data of radiation and instrumental methods of research. The analysis of patientsquality of life was carried out in the preoperative and early, late postoperative periods. The patient age ranged from 25 to 65 years; the median age was 56,5 year. We used the intelligence tests (Amthauer test (for persons under 60 years), Raven test); memory tests (10 word memorization test, Wechsler memory scale). Results. Regression of mnestic disorders after surgery was found in both groups. Three months after surgery — mnestic disorders were observed in 96.7 % of subjects with glioma, and in 64.5 % — of meningioma. After 3–6 months, the number of patients with high intelligence in both groups increased (from 32.3 % to 45.2 % — in patients with glioma and from 30 % to 40 % among meningioma patients). Conclusion. On examination of intelligence and memory before and resection brain glioma and meningioma, it was found that surgical intervention leads to regression of intellectual and memory impairments.

English version of the article on pp. 651-659 is available at URL: https://panor.ru/articles/sravnitelnyy-analiz-intellektualno-mnesticheskikh-narusheniy-u-bolnykh-s-gliomami-i-meningiomami-golovnogo-mozga-posle-operativnogo-lecheniya/70264.html
Spinal lumbar stenosis (analysis of the literature and own results)
Authors: Yarikov Anton Viktorovich , Shpagin Maksim Vladimirovich , Meredzhi Amir Muratovich , Perlmutter Olga Aleksandrovna , Fraerman Aleksandr Petrovich
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the issues of etiology, pathophysiology and clinical manifestations of spinal stenosis of the lumbar spine. The possibilities of modern instrumental diagnostics of the disease are described, the differential clinical diagnosis of lumbar stenosis is presented. The paper presents a detailed classification of spinal stenosis. The modern therapeutic tactics of the disease are described, indications for the surgical treatment of the disease are given. Modern methods of surgical treatment of stenosis are briefly and schematically described: decompression (microsurgical and endoscopic), interspinous fixation, stabilization (dorsal and ventral) and epidural stimulation of the spinal cord. The data on the immediate and long-term results of surgical methods of treatment are presented. The authors also presented their experience in the treatment of spinal stenosis of the lumbar spine. The use of differentiated surgical treatment tactics in 85–90 % of cases provides good and excellent results in the treatment of lumbar stenosis.
Personalized approach to the administration of haloperidol in patients with acute alcoholic hallucinatie (literature review)
Authors: Parkhomenko Aleksandra Aleksandrovna , Zastrozhin Mikhail Sergeevich , Skryabin Valentin Yurievich , Savchenko Lyudmila Mikhailovna , Brun Evgeniy Alekseevich , Sychev Dmitriy Alekseevich , Yusupov Alisher Akhmedovich , Alekseyuk Vladislav Vladimirovich , Muradyan Ani Arturovna
Published: October 2021

To date, it is known that haloperidol is used to treat productive psychopathological symptoms in acute alcoholic hallucinosis, but its use is associated with a high risk of developing undesirable drug reactions (NLR). A number of isoenzymes of the cytochrome P-450 family take part in the metabolism of haloperidol. The biotransformation of haloperidol occurs with the participation of the CYP2D6 isoenzyme encoded by the gene of the same name. The CYP2D6 gene is highly polymorphic, and this polymorphism can lead to a change in the activity of the encoded isoenzyme. Changes in the rate of biotransformation of haloperidol may affect the profile of its effectiveness and safety. This review is aimed at analyzing the information accumulated in the literature on the role of genetic factors in the formation of an individual response to haloperidol therapy in patients with acute alcoholic hallucinosis.
Physiology of cholinergic and adrenergic synapses. Role in pharmacology and practical significance
Authors: Ovechkin Roman , Kanner Ilya Dmitrievich , Ganshina Irina Vladimirovna , Maximov Maxim Leonidovich
Published: October 2021

The transmission of signals between cholinergic neurons and from neurons to muscle cells (neuro-neuronal and neuromuscular transduction) occurs through synapses. They are formed by the membranes of two contacting cells, presynaptic and postsynaptic, which are separated by a narrow synaptic gap. The review article provides up-to-date information about the physiological processes in cholinergic and adrenergic synapses. The role of these synapses in pharmacology and their practical significance are presented. The transmission of excitation in cholinergic synapses occurs with the help of acetylcholine. The stages of synthesis, storage and release of acetylcholine are the same in all cholinergic neurons. The specific effects of acetylcholine mediated through cholinergic synapses depend mainly on the type of synaptic cholinergic receptors. In the system of efferent innervation, adrenergic synapses are formed by the endings of postganglionic sympathetic (adrenergic) fibers and cells of effector organs.
Depression in patients in a somatic hospital
Authors: Suslova Kseniya Vladislavovna , Pakriev Sergey Galinurovich
Published: October 2021

The aim of this work was to assess the prevalence and risk factors for depression in patients in a somatic hospital in the city of Izhevsk. The study group (94 adult patients) was compiled by the method of continuous sampling. The Russian version of M. I. N. I. 5.0.0 interview, Depression Scale were used for the diagnosis of depression. The prevalence of current depressive disorders was 19,1 %. Depression was more often diagnosed in patients with chronic somatic diseases (47,0 %), women (45 %), widowed or divorced patients (63,6 %), patients with psychological problems in the family (100 %). In patients with acute somatic illness, the current depressive episode correlated with the influence of psychological factors. In 64,2 % of patients with chronic somatic diseases with an identified depressive episode at the time of examination depression had a previous history. None of the patients with identified depression sought medical help or received antidepressant therapy.
Current state of the regional labor market and employment in the Orеl region
Authors: Kotelnikov Vladimir Anatolyevich , Stepanenkov Dmitry Valeryevich
Published: October 2021

The article addresses the problem of regionalization of state policy in the field of employment and employment. The author links the process of formation and use of labour resources in a particular region with territorial differences in natural conditions and resources, demographic processes and economic potential. Today, the situation in the Russian labor market is characterized by a decrease in the number of employed people, an increase in unemployment, and an increase in the length of the period of unemployment. Employment has a system of indicators reflecting: the completeness of the inclusion of an active part of the population in public production; the level of balance between jobs and labour resources; If employment is consistent with the socio-economic needs of the population, the full and effective employment of specialists, especially young ones, in the labor market is of great importance for the further development of the country. In this regard, employment problems have worsened in almost all regions of Russia. As a result of the analysis of the current state of the labor market and employment of the population of the Orel region, the main priorities of the policy were identified: the promotion of employment of youth, people with disabilities, as well as the development of employment in rural areas. It is argued that in the labor market, despite the measures taken by State bodies, there is a significant gap between the number of registered unemployed citizens and the number of unemployed citizens, the territorial discrepancy between the supply and demand of labor, the imbalance in quantity and professional composition, and the low salary characteristics of the proposed jobs remain. The state policy on promoting employment at present should ensure the coordinated functioning of the labor market, regulation of the formation and movement of investments throughout Russia, the use of corporate and private capital, taking into account the provision of employment at a level sufficient to maintain the reproduction of the population within the framework guaranteed by the Constitution and laws of the Russian Federation. Possible ways to improve the efficiency of public administration of employment and employment of the population in the Orel region, increasing social security and competitiveness in the labor market of weakly protected categories of citizens, are justified.
Investment in the agricultural sector as a way to solve food security problems in developing countries: the example of investment activity of the US agribusiness
Authors: Ustinovich Elena Stepanovna , Boldyreva Tatyana Petrovna
Published: October 2021

It is clear to everyone that investment in the agricultural sector in developing countries is one of the most effective ways to reduce poverty and hunger in the world. Agricultural investment can generate a wide range of development opportunities. However, these benefi ts cannot be expected to arise automatically. Some forms of large-scale investment pose significant risks to investor states. It should be noted, however, that, despite discussions about the potential benefits and risks of international investment, there is still no evidence of negative actual consequences for the countries receiving investments. This article examines the issues of investment activity in relation to developing countries using the example of US agribusiness entities.
National identity policy of Central Asian countries
Authors: Chebi Isra Shengul , Aytiev Shukhrat Anvarovich
Published: October 2021

This study interprets the modern understanding of ethnic and national identity. It was noted that there is an important connection between ethnic and national identity, created on the basis of nation-building processes. Since the 1990s, nationalism that has been at the top of the international agenda, new nations and state building processes, problems of ethnic identity, which have become an important item on the agenda in relations between states and international organizations, a new quest for democracy that develops through the recognition of differences, growing cultural conflicts in many regions from Asia to the American continent, and social movements based on identity have raised identity politics to an important position in international relations. In this context, international relations theorists, who have increased their ties to political theory in a way that has accelerated especially in the 1990s, are rebuilding the discipline's relationship with identity politics.
The assessment of the development of social and labor relations in the Russian Federation in the context of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Dovganenko Aleksandr Anatolievich
Published: October 2021

The article is based on the materials of the analytical bulletin of the Center for Monitoring and Analysis of Social and Labor Conflicts of the Saint Petersburg Humanitarian University of Trade Unions. During the pandemic, the number of social and labor conflicts (hereinafter referred to as SLC) in the sphere of small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) increased by 24 % (this year - by 14%). The economic and financial problems that arose during the pandemic have affected the systemic large enterprises less due to the help and support from the state, while small and medium-sized private businesses have been most affected. The analysis of the SLC, based on the relationship between the size of enterprises and the causes of labor conflicts, shows that in the current year, the problems with non-payment of wages are becoming the predominant source of confrontations between employees and employers of all forms and sizes of business. For SME, the problems of staff cuts have also become crucial.
Socio-cultural direction in the social service of elderly citizens
Authors: Ispulova Svetlana Nikolaevna
Published: October 2021

The article presents the experience of socio-cultural work with elderly citizens in the conditions of a complex social service center, as well as the results of an empirical study conducted by the author, aimed at identifying the satisfaction rate of elderly citizens with leisure activities in the day care department. As a result, it was determined that the quality of services provided during the stay in the day care department is rated as high by the clients, which allows asserting the professionalism of the staff working with them; the clients tend to prefer those types of services that are aimed at maintaining health and well-being; the clients are satisfied with the material and technical equipment of the day care department; the clients want to see new types of services in the day care department and are ready to pay for them additionally. These services include going on excursions outside the city, lectures by specialists from medical institutions on various topics related to the health of the elderly and disabled, visiting the cinema, visiting the theater.
Children’s information security: social and psychological aspect
Authors: Sukhov Anatoliy Nikolaevich
Published: October 2021

The article reveals the relevance of studying information security, as well as examines external and internal threats to ensuring it. The difficulties that occur in this case are analyzed. A positive model of the development of society is associated with this type of security, so it is no coincidence that the most important task is to create a fullfledged theory of information security. Without this, it is impossible to speak about the effective elimination of a number of negative consequences of the process of society informatization. In this context, an extremely important task is to ensure the protection of children from information psychological and destructive threats, including overcoming the Internet and other types of information dependence. Information security theory is an integral part of social security psychology. For its complete design, there is still a lot to be done both in theoretical and applied terms. First of all, the creation of a national information platform is meant. Currently, there is an urgent need to develop competence in the field of information security not only among professionals, but also among various groups of the population.
Social policy in increasing the efficiency of pension provision in the Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Imanbaev Samat Kazbekovich
Published: October 2021

This article examines the pension policy, which is usually attributed to the direction of the state’s social policy. Designed to improve the well-being of the population and ensure a high standard and quality of life. The state pension policy is the basic and one of the most important state guarantees for the stable development of society, since it directly affects the interests of the able-bodied and disabled population. The results of an online survey revealed that the most important condition for creating an effective system of social support for pensioners in the current reality is the improvement of pension policy, as well as the system of social services, the development of new social technologies to provide assistance to the population, in particular the elderly, and the formation of a network of specialized institutions. social services to the population, an increase in the volume and expansion of the list of social services provided by them.
Features of aggressive behavior of young men in relation to persons of other nationalities
Authors: Kozorez Nataliya Nikolaevna , Ispulova Svetlana Nikolaevna
Published: October 2021

The extremely high concentration of aggression in society towards people of other nationalities and the lack of an unambiguous and adequate scientific definition of this complex phenomenon make the problem of aggressiveness research one of the most urgent in the modern world. The authors consider four main approaches to the study of aggression, which can be designated as instinctivistic, frustration, behavioristic and cognitive. The article presents the main results of an empirical study in the form of a questionnaire, the respondents of which were high school boys of one of the city's secondary schools.
Moral aspects of environmental protection
Authors: Jafarov Azad Jafar
Published: October 2021

Environmental protection is considered an important element in most religions. The article is devoted to the philosophical understanding of the problem of the influence of religion on the environment, human behavior and attitude to nature. Religion has always touched upon the problem of the relationship between man and the world around him. In the existing religious traditions, various ideals of the relationship between man and nature have been formed. As a result, the ideological functions of religion acquire special significance. In our time, religions can be a spiritual source for the development and formation of environmental ethics and natural aesthetics. Religious ethics awakens in people a consciousness that is different from material and technological thinking. Religion helps people understand that their control over the living and inanimate world is unlimited and that cruelty towards nature will turn to them. Religion teaches people that the purpose of life is not to maximize consumption. While technology gives man the physical strength to create or destroy the world, religion teaches virtue. Directly or indirectly, religion can be a powerful source of environmental protection. Therefore, we need to use the power of the influence of religion to protect nature. The nature of the influence of religion on the current state and development of society largely depends on the relationship between people of different faiths. The religious consciousness of people developed in the direction of knowledge of the world and its laws, methods of practical use. Some religious ideologies deify human nature and reflect people's responses to their environment. Religion, as a form of social consciousness, has always, in one way or another, taken care of man's relationship with the natural world, traditionally expressed a certain moral and ethical concern for the environment and determined the moral obligations of man in relation to the environment.
ARCHITECTURAL AND URBAN PLANNING EVOLUTION OF THE INDUSTRIAL AREA NEAR MOSKOVSKAYA ZASTAVA IN SAINT PETERSBURG
Authors: Granstrem M. , Zolotareva M. , Nikitin Y.
Published: October 2021

This paper discusses the urban planning history of an area in Saint Petersburg around the former Moskovskaya Zastava, a historical gateway that travelers passed through when approaching Saint Petersburg from the direction of Moscow. Specifically, authors are interested in the architecture of the carriage building plant. By the end of the 19th century, this part of the city had turned into an industrial area, which saw dense development from 1897 to 1917. The development of heavy industry and the expansion of domestic railways led to an emerging demand in new freight cars. In this regard, it was decided to expand the car building at the existing factories, as well as to organize the construction of new ones. A small factory in St. Petersburg, which produced phaetons, cartridge boxes and field kitchens, in 1897 was significantly expanded and transformed into the St. Petersburg railcar plant. The characteristic features of the architectural and town-planning techniques of the late 19th - early 20th centuries were embodied in the volumetric-spatial composition of the carriage-building plant complex. The strong romantic tendencies characteristic for the industrial architecture of St. Petersburg of this period were clearly traced in its composition. For the next one hundred years, this vast space did not see any transformations, constituting a complete, self-sufficient environment. The railcar plant, originally constructed at the very end of the 19th century, remained standing near Moscovskaya Zastava until the early 21st century. In 2013, the industrial area ceased its existence, and the former plant was given away for residential development.
Penerapan Manajemen Kualitas Terhadap Kinerja Mandor Pada Proyek Apartemen
Authors: Muzaki Moch , Nuciferani Felicia T.
Published: October 2021

The Embodiment of construction quality can be achieved by implementing quality management, one of the workforce used in implementing quality management is the foreman. A construction company has standards or guidelines for implementing quality management that must be carried out by the foreman. This study will discuss the relationship between the level of the foreman's ability and the influence of the foreman's ability on the application of quality management. Qualitative descriptive method is done by distributing questionnaires followed by validity, reliability, t-test, F-test, and classical assumption test. The results showed a simultaneous test for educational variables, work experience, motivation, and discipline influenced the ability of the foreman in implementing quality management of 2,510. The partial test shows that the work experience variable influences the foreman's ability to implement quality management by 2,178. So that the test results obtained for the regression model that is Y = 36,130 + 1,353X2 + ei, that work experience have a very dominant influence on the ability of the foreman in implementing quality management in Surabaya apartment building construction projects.