bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
11. NGHIÊN CỨU KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ TĂNG SINH LÀNH TÍNH TUYẾN TIỀN LIỆT TẠI BỆNH VIỆN PHỤC HỒI CHỨC NĂNG TRUNG ƯƠNG TỪ 2022 ĐẾN 2023
Authors: Hải Lê Ngọc
Published: May 2024

Mục tiêu: Mô tả kết quả điều trị tăng sinh tuyến tiền liệt(TTL) tại Bệnh viện Điều dưỡng Phục hồi chức năng Trung ương từ 2022 đến 2023.
Phương pháp nghiên cứu: 63 bệnh nhân tăng sinh TTL thỏa mãn tiêu chuẩn lựa chọn được đưa vào nghiên cứu. Phương pháp nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang: Các đặc điểm nghiên cứu gồm: tuổi, đặc điểm tăng sinh TTL, bệnh kèm, điểm IPSS, điểm QoL, tác dụng của Permixon.
Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình 64,79±11,62 (46-84), các BN có độ tuổi ≥70 tuổi chiếm 46,03%. Trong số các bệnh kèm theo tăng sinh TTL thì nhiễm khuẩn tiết niệu chiếm 77,78%. BN tiểu nhiều lần từ 9 lần/24 giờ chiếm 41,27%; BN tiểu đêm 5 lần/ngày chiếm 41,27%, số lần trung bình: 4,05±0,89; thể tích nước tiểu tồn dư 123,81±34,71; Tổng điểm IPSS đầu vào 30,59± 2,23 điểm, 100,0% ở mức độ nặng; Điểm QoL: 4,70±0,66 (4-6 điểm); điểm SHIM giữa các nhóm tuổi ở mức độ nặng, SHIM của các BN tăng sinh TTL ảnh hưởng rõ rệt, với p<0,05; Thời gian nằm viện 12,60±5,49(6-32 ngày); Sau điều trị, điểm IPSS và QoL sau điều trị của hai nhóm có sự khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê với p<0,05; Đánh giá chất lượng cuộc sống sau điều trị đã cải thiện tốt, 100,0% BN hài lòng với kết quả điều trị. QoL của các BN sau điều trị đã cải thiện rõ rệt, có sự khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê với p<0,05.
Kết luận: BN tăng sinh TTL lành tính thường xuất hiện dấu hiệu rối loạn tiểu tiện, đặc biệt là tiểu đêm nhiều lần, gây ảnh hưởng đến chất lượng cuộc sống do gây mất ngủ. Phối hợp điều trị Permexon với phác đồ điều trị chung đáp ứng tốt và giảm thời gian nằm viện cho BN, cải thiện chất lượng cuộc sống.
PROSPECTS FOR THE ORGANIZATION, REGULATION AND TAXATION OF MINING IN RUSSIA
Authors: Osadchenko E.A.
Published: May 2024

Сry ptocurrency mining in Russia is not regulated by current legislation today, but the authorities recognize the existence of a business in this area that needs to be legalized. According to the scientific analysis, a low level of development of cryptocurrency mining organization, regulation and taxation issues was revealed. The international experience in this area has been summarized, such activities are generally prohibited, but there are countries where both regulation and taxation are carried out. The author has developed a model for the organization, regulation and taxation of cryptocurrency mining in the Russian Federation using the example of the first cryptocurrency – bitcoin, which involves embedding it into the current legal system without making significant changes in order to reduce time and administrative costs.
How (sub)morphological relicts of perceptual parameters still influence the synchronic use & even might had an impact on the United States presidential election
Authors:   RWTH Aix la Chapelle, Stroebel Liane
Published: May 2024

This contribution focuses on the close link between sensorimotor actions and language. The interaction between perceptual and conceptual parameters will be illustrated in detail and from different perspectives via specific examples. Furthermore, the analysis will extend beyond morphological evidence to include the role of sub morphological relicts of perceptual and conceptual parameters. It will also raise the question of whether submorphemic knowledge might have had an impact on the United States presidential election and helped Donald Trump to become the 45th President of the United States. In short, this paper seeks to tackle three questions: first, how aware are we that words are never „innocent“, second, how transparent are words, and finally, is it possible to sketch semantic mappings from the initial encoding strategies on to the synchronic „power“ of a given word.
Une somme rondelette de symboles circulaires, ou comment le sens de rond peut court-circuiter la symbolique
Authors:   LRL, UCA, Lebas Franck
Published: May 2024

Cette étude des morphèmes [rot] et [serk] fait suite à un travail mené sur [kar] et propose une redéfinition du morphème comme étant une unité maximale fonctionnant comme « motif ». Je propose également de caractériser les allomorphes de façon contextuelle, d’élargir leur champ d’application et d’assouplir la notion de distribution complémentaire. A travers ces hypothèses, de nouvelles données linguistiques se font jour, démontrant que les submorphèmes et les morphèmes, unités qui manifestent des caractéristiques enactives, contribuent directement à l’argumentation et au discours, contre les idées traditionnelles de l’étagement des constructions et de la primauté des logiques structurale et symbolique.
"Discours sur le mot" et "discours du mot": la dialectique perplexe du signe et de l'objet. L'exemple du mot castillan "sacre".
Authors:   Université du Mans, Neyrod Dominique
Published: May 2024

I will call discourse about the word the available hypotheses on the etymology, the history and the recognized meanings of a word : such hypotheses are codified in lexicographic literature. I will call discourse of the word the meaning that is uttered by its sound substance and its morphologic structure. As will be exemplified by the word sacre, this discourse of the word depends to a large extent on the system of the language to which it is linked by the various discourses about the word. Both the discourse of the word and the discourse about the word contribute to build up a puzzled dialectical relationship between the sign and the object in a double direction of the meaning which moves from the object to the sign uttered in the language, and from the sign to the object multiplied by the representations that the form of the sign conveys.
Variation et conservation linguistiques en portugais : identité sémantique des unités verbales et invariance langagière
Authors:   Université Fédérale de São Paulo - UNIFESP, Brésil., Romero Márcia
Published: May 2024

Notre travail apporte une réflexion sur les concepts dʼinvariance et de geste mental qui se trouvent au fondement de l’activité langagière selon la Théorie des Opérations Prédicatives et Énonciatives et sur leurs contributions à la formation des structures cognitives soutenue par une approche de la production-reconnaissance des sens au travers des formes verbales. Pour cela, nous proposons une analyse des données articulant une caractérisation invariante de l’identité sémantique de deux verbes en portugais brésilien à des principes réguliers de variation qui expliquent, en ce qui concerne le portugais européen, une partie de la variation interlangue. Le but de cette discussion est de montrer comment cette approche converge avec les travaux inscrits dans le paradigme de l’énaction.
USE OF MISOPROSTOL IN ABORTION ON MEDICAL GROUNDS – OUR CLINICAL EXPERIENCE
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Varna, Bulgaria., Zhekov Zhivko , Radeva Svetlana ,   Department Health care, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Varna, Bulgaria.
Published: May 2024

Purpose. In clinical practice in hospital conditions, the preferred choice of behavior regarding fetal anomalies is to perform a medical abortion after the opinion of a specialized committee in the hospital. There are no observations conducted by other authors on abortions related to termination of pregnancy for medical reasons at a different time. The team conducts its observation in hospital conditions. Material/Methods: Conducted own retrospective study for the period January 2021 – February 2024 with the participation of 45 patients who went through a pregnancy termination committee on medical grounds. All women who passed through the committee for medically indicated abortion, in which fetal anomalies incompatible with life or severely debilitating were found, were examined. Women are at different stages of pregnancy, age, education, number of pregnancies and births, concomitant diseases, a type of test to diagnose abnormalities in the fetus (invasive and non-invasive). The type of abnormality that is the cause of an abortion on medical grounds has also been investigated. The dosage applied is- 1st tablet of 400 mg Misoprostol per vagine, second and third tablets in 3 hours sub buccal, the maximum dose is 5 tablets in 24 hours or 2000 microgram Misoprostol. Results. For 88,9% of the cases, they have a positive opinion of the commission in the hospital structure, and 11,1% have a refusal. Group matching of patients was performed by education and whether they had good outpatient follow-up, regardless of the duration of pregnancy. Patients with higher education had better outpatient follow-up (χ2=15.497, p=0.000) than those with secondary and primary education. There was a significant association between the dosing regimen and pregnancy severity; the relationship between the two-dose regimen was significant (χ2=53.862, p=0.000), and the three-dose regimen was highly successful in 73.3% of cases. Conclusion. The correct choice of method of application of the therapeutic regimen requires preliminary and detailed medical preparation of the patient and good clinical experience of the treating doctor. The applied therapeutic approach reduces the risk to the patient and has a rapid recovery period. Early and timely diagnosis has an important informative value.
Intrusion Detection Using Whale Optimization Based Weighted Extreme Learning Machine in Applied Nonlinear Analysis
Authors: P. Kaliraj
Published: May 2024

The development of computer networks and technology has led to a sharp rise in network assaults, making network intrusion a crucial area for research and the development of counter measures. The issue of network intrusion can be resolved with the advancement of artificial intelligence. We employ a Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) based Weighted Extreme Learning Machine (WELM) in this study to identify network intrusions. Prior to training the neural network and obtaining the output weight, ELM randomly allocates weight to the network. The ELM weights need to be optimized, thus we're utilising the whale optimisation technique to do this. To compare and evaluate the effectiveness of the model suggested in this study, NSL-KDD dataset is utilised. The experimental findings demonstrate that weighted ELM-based whale optimisation outperformed other approaches in detecting network intrusions and reducing false positive and false negative rates.
Quantitative Performance Evaluation Technology Based on Sparse Oblique Trees Algorithm in Mobile Internet
Authors: Jue Xu
Published: May 2024

The quantitative performance evaluation is a method for evaluating an employee based on measurable factors directly related to their job. Many professionals in the modern workforce are no longer able to easily and consistently access desktop computers due to their increasingly itinerant lifestyle. Employees must be able to access contemporary employee performance management programs via mobile internet for them to be completely inclusive. Problems with the performance evaluation include the subjective one-sidedness of the evaluation indicators and the challenging measurement of the indicators. To address this drawback, the methodology used in this research was provided in order to classify employee data more precisely. The data is gathered from 227 enterprises in South Korea. At the pre-processing stage, the adaptive robust cubature kalman filtering is used to pre-process the data. The employee discipline, employee attitude, employee effort are successfully classified using sparse oblique trees algorithm (SOTA).To increase the SOTA, the neural network's weight parameter is optimized using the Sea Lion optimization (SLO).The proposed QPET-SOTA-SLO applied in MATLAB/Simulink platform. The proposed method was calculated using performance measures like accuracy, precision, sensitivity, computation time, and recall. Higher accuracy of 16.65%, 18.85%, and 17.89%, as well as higher sensitivity of 16.34%, 12.23%, and 18.54%, are achieved by the suggested QPET-SOTA-SLO approach. In comparison to the current approach, there are 14.89%, 16.89%, and 18.23% as well as 82.37%, 94.47%, and 87.76% less computing time.
Adjoints of Sums of M-Accretive Operators and Applications to Non-Autonomous Evolutionary Equations
Authors: Picard Rainer , Trostorff Sascha , Waurick Marcus
Published: May 2024

We provide certain compatibility conditions for m-accretive operators such that the adjoint of the sum is given by the closure of the sum of the respective adjoint. We revisit the proof of well-posedness of the abstract class of partial differential-algebraic equations known as evolutionary equations. We show that the general mechanism provided here can be applied to establish wellposedness for non-autonomous evolutionary equations with L∞-coefficients thus not only generalizing known results but opening up new directions other methods such as evolution families have a hard time to come by.
Relationship Between Fathers’ Employment Characteristics at First Childbirth and Having a Second Child: Family-Friendly Policies and Job Satisfaction
Authors:   Society for the Study of Family Policy, Cho Hyeonji , Chin Meejung
Published: May 2024

This study examines the relationship between fathers’ workplace characteristics at the time of their first
child’s birth and the decision to have a second child within two years thereafter. Employing Bronfenbrenner’s
PPCT (Process-Person-Context-Time) model, we classified fathers’ job characteristics into family-friendly
job policies, a “context” factor, and job satisfaction as a “process” factor. We pooled data from the Korean
Labor and Income Panel Study, utilizing a sample of 919 employed fathers whose first child was born
between 2001 and 2019. After adjusting for the year of first childbirth, our logistic regression analysis revealed
that fathers who reported higher satisfaction with their working environment during their first child’s birth
were more likely to have a second child within two years. We further tested the same analyses among
425 fathers who had their first child after 2011, coinciding with the implementation of the Second National Plan for Low Fertility and Aging Society. Fathers employed at a workplace where a tuition assistance system
was available were more likely to have a second child.
Differences in Academic Adjustment by Acculturation Stress Trajectory Among Multicultural Adolescents During the Transition From Elementary to Middle School
Authors:   Society for the Study of Family Policy, Lee Boram , Huh Cheong-Ah
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to classify multicultural adolescents by acculturation stress trajectories during their transition
from elementary to middle school using data from the first to sixth waves of the Multicultural Adolescents
Panel Study. A total of 1,561 participants were classified using latent class growth analysis into four distinct
groups: high stress (5.5%), low stress (76.3%), stress increasing during transition (7.2%), and stress decreasing
during transition (11.0%). Analysis of variance revealed significant differences in academic adjustment across
groups, with those experiencing increased stress during the transition showing greater difficulties in learning
activities, lower motivation, and lower satisfaction with academic performance. These findings suggest that
changes in multicultural adolescents’ acculturation stress during the transition from elementary to middle
school may be related to academic adjustment. The results indicate that multicultural adolescents may
experience cumulative acculturation stress if they experience difficulties in schoolwork as they enter middle
school.
Factors Associated With Marital Intentions Among Unmarried Young Adults From Single-Person Households in Seoul
Authors:   Society for the Study of Family Policy, Shin Haeun , Lee Jee Hoon
Published: May 2024

This study investigated whether attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control regarding
marriage were associated with marital intentions among unmarried young adults from single-person households
in Seoul, based on the theory of planned behavior. We analyzed 460 unmarried Seoul residents between
20-39 years old who lived alone. The pooled dataset from the Seoul Family Survey, conducted in 2021
and 2022, was utilized. Multiple regression analyses showed that marital intentions were higher when the
respondents were male, younger, and in a relationship. We also found that more positive attitudes toward
marriage and a higher perceived likelihood of obtaining a stable job were associated with stronger marital
intentions. These findings underscore the importance of addressing factors, such as attitudes toward marriage
and perceptions of job stability when understanding young Korean adults’ intentions to marry.
Robust line voltage sensor-less control of grid-connected MMC converter in PV Applications
Authors: Alia Imane , Merzouk Imad , Rezaoui Mehamed Mounir
Published: May 2024

This paper discusses the voltage sensor-less control of a single-phase grid-connected Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) in photovoltaic (PV) applications. The design of the control system is crucial to efficiently injecting PV power into the main grid. Therefore, three control targets are designed. Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) through the Incremental Conductance (IC) algorithm, DC link voltage regulation, and finally output active and reactive power controlling throughout the regulation of grid current amplitude and phase shift. To achieve those targets, the value of grid voltage has to be known accurately. The main contribution of this study is the use of a Simplified Super Twisting Algorithm Sliding Mode Observer (SSTA-SMO) for grid voltage estimation. The effectiveness and satisfactory performance of the proposed system are validated through simulations via MATLAB. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach. A study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the SSTA-SMO proposal in comparison to a traditional sliding-mode observer. The objective was to showcase the superiority of the proposed approach. The results suggest that the suggested observer surpasses other methods in terms of several aspects, including minimal errors in grid voltage observation, high-quality estimation of grid voltage, and accurate tracking of the reference. Furthermore, it exhibits robustness when exposed to different levels of radiation.
Valoración e intervención fisioterapéutica en adolescente con secuelas de síndrome de Guillain Barré: Relato de caso
Authors: Resendiz Diaz Brenda Teresa , Quevedo Grave Magali Teresinha
Published: May 2024

Introducción: El síndrome de Guillain Barré (SGB), una radiculopatía inflamatoria desmielinizante aguda de nervios periféricos ocasiona limitaciones motoras y sensoriales, simétrica y bilateralmente. Objetivo: Describir la intervención fisioterapéutica en paciente de 12 años de edad, sexo femenino, con secuelas de una variante AMAN del SGB. Metodología: Relato de caso presentado durante el servicio social de una pasante de la licenciatura en Terapia Física de la Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, en la Clínica de Fisioterapia de la Universidad del Valle de Taquari/Lajeado/Brasil. Se realizó la valoración fisioterapéutica, recabando datos personales, diagnóstico médico, progresión de la enfermedad, antecedentes familiares, patológicos y no patológicos, y el análisis de exámenes complementarios. El examen físico analizó marcha, postura, equilibrio, movilidad, fuerza, sensibilidad y reflejos osteotendinosos. El abordaje consistió en 10 sesiones semanales, de una hora, desarrollando un trabajo de equilibrio, movilidad y fortalecimiento, principalmente de tronco y miembros inferiores, así como entrenamiento de conciencia corporal y propiocepción. Resultados: Se obtuvo aumento en la medida de la pantorrilla, fuerza muscular, y en equilibrio, así como normalización de la sensibilidad y postura. Conclusión: La valoración e intervención fisioterapéutica, desde la fase aguda, son fundamentales para el desarrollo de un tratamiento efectivo de las secuelas del SDG.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v18i2.1461
Identification of New Isolates of Phytophthora sojae and Selection of Resistant Soybean Genotypes
Authors: Heo Su Vin , Park Hye Rang , Jang Yun Woo , Park Jihee , Kang Beom Kyu , Seo Jeong Hyun , Kim Jun Hoi , Lee Ji Yoon , Choi Man Soo , Ko Jee Yeon , Kim Choon Song , Lee Sungwoo , Jun Tae-Hwan
Published: May 2024

Phytophthora root and stem rot (PRR), caused by Phytophthora sojae, can occur at any growth stage under poorly drained and humid conditions. The expansion of soybean cultivation in South Korean paddy fields has increased the frequency of PRR outbreaks. This study aimed to identify four P. sojae isolates newly collected from domestic fields and evaluate race-specific resistance using the hypocotyl inoculation technique. The four isolates exhibited various pathotypes, with GJ3053 exhibiting the highest virulence complexity. Two isolates, GJ3053 and AD3617, were screened from 205 soybeans, and 182 and 190 genotypes (88.8 and 92.7%, respectively) were susceptible to each isolate. Among these accessions, five genotypes resistant to both isolates were selected. These promising genotypes are candidates for the development of resistant soybean cultivars that can effectively control PRR through gene stacking.
Synthesis of Nano Sulfur/Chitosan-Copper Complex and Its Nematicidal Effect against Meloidogyne incognita In Vitro and on Coffee Pots
Authors: Nguyen Hong Nhung , Tran Phuoc Tho , Tuan Le Nghiem Anh , Nguyen Quoc Hien , Bui Duy Du
Published: May 2024

Sulfur is one of the inorganic elements used by plants to develop and produce phytoalexin to resist certain diseases. This study reported a method for preparing a material for plant disease resistance. Sulfur nanoparticles (SNPs) stabilized in the chitosan-Cu2+ (CS-Cu2+) complex were synthesized by hydrolysis of Na2S2O3 in an acidic medium. The obtained SNPs/CS-Cu2+ complex consisting of 0.32% S, 4% CS, and 0.7% Cu (w/v), contained SNPs with an average size of ~28 nm as measured by transmission electron microscopy images. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the SNPs/CSCu2+ complex showed that SNPs had orthorhombic crystal structures. Interaction between SNPs and the CS-Cu2+ complex was also investigated by ultraviolet-visible. Results in vitro nematicidal effect of materials against Meloidogyne incognita showed that SNPs/CS-Cu2+ complex was more effective in killing second-stage juveniles (J2) nematodes and inhibiting egg hatching than that of CS and CS-Cu2+ complex. The values of LC50 in killing J2 nematodes and EC50 in inhibiting egg hatching of SNPs/CS-Cu2+ complex were 75 and 51 mg/l, respectively. These values were lower than those of CS and the CS-Cu2+ complex. The test results on the nematicidal effect against M. incognita on coffee pots showed that the SNPs/CS-Cu2+ complex was 100% effective at a concentration of 150 mg/l. Therefore, the SNPs/CS-Cu2+ complex could be considered as a biochemical material with potential for agricultural applications to control root-knot nematodes.
Changes in Endophyte Communities across the Different Plant Compartments in Response to the Rice Blast Infection
Authors: Roy Mehwish , Burragoni Sravanthi Goud , Jeon Junhyun
Published: May 2024

The rice blast disease, caused by the fungal pathogen, Magnaporthe oryzae (syn. Pyricularia oryzae), poses a significant threat to the global rice production. Understanding how this disease impacts the plant’s microbial communities is crucial for gaining insights into hostpathogen interactions. In this study, we investigated the changes in communities of bacterial and fungal endophytes inhabiting different compartments in healthy and diseased plants. We found that both alpha and beta diversities of endophytic communities do not change significantly by the pathogen infection. Rather, the type of plant compartment appeared to be the main driver of endophytic community structures. Although the overall structure seemed to be consistent between healthy and diseased plants, our analysis of differentially abundant taxa revealed the specific bacterial and fungal operational taxonomic units that exhibited enrichment in the root and leaf compartments of infected plants. These findings suggest that endophyte communities are robust to the changes at the early stage of pathogen infection, and that some of endophytes enriched in infected plants might have roles in the defense against the pathogen.
The Plant-Associated Flavobacterium: A Hidden Helper for Improving Plant Health
Authors: Seo Hyojun , Kim Ju Hui , Lee Sang-Moo , Lee Seon-Woo
Published: May 2024

Flavobacterium is a genus within the phylum Bacteroidota that remains relatively unexplored. Recent analyses of plant microbiota have identified the phylum Bacteroidota as a major bacterial group in the plant rhizosphere. While Flavobacterium species within the phylum Bacteroidota have been recognized as pathogens in the aquatic habitats, microbiome analysis and the characterization of novel Flavobacterium species have indicated the great diversity and potential of their presence in various environments. Many Flavobacterium species have positively contribute to plant health and development, including growth promotion, disease control, and tolerance to abiotic stress. Despite the well-described beneficial interactions of the Flavobacterium species with plants, the molecular mechanisms and bacterial determinants underlying these interactions remain unclear. To broaden our understanding of the genus Flavobacterium’s role in plant health, we review the recent studies focusing on their ecological niche, functional roles, and determinants in plant-beneficial interactions. Additionally, this review discusses putative mechanisms explaining the interactions between plants and Flavobacterium. We have also introduced the importance of future research on Flavobacterium spp. and its potential applications in agriculture.
TITLE: Evaluation of ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection incidence and preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis in children
Running title: Evaluation of ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection
Authors: Tekin Mehmet
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE
Hydrocephalus is a common condition in neurosurgical practice in patients of all ages. Despite significant advances in the technology and design of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt systems, shunt failure remains a major problem in neurosurgical clinics. Antibiotic prophylaxis is an important step in protocols to prevent VP shunt infections. In this study, we investigated VP shunt infection incidence and VP shunt infection prophylaxis used in pediatric hydrocephalus cases at our center and the parameters that may influence shunt infection.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Between 01/01/2018 and 01/01/2023, cases younger than 18 years of age who underwent VP shunt surgery in our hospital were included in the study. Clinical data and demographic information were retrospectively obtained from medical records. The primary results of our study were the frequency of VP shunt infection in the first 3 months after surgery and whether there was a difference in shunt infection between antibiotic applications used for prophylaxis. Other factors that may influence VP shunt infection were evaluated as secondary outcomes.
RESULTS
Within a 5-year period, 28 cases were identified that met our study criteria. The overall rate of VP shunt infections was 21.4%. In 85.7% of patients, 3rd-generation cephalosporins were used for prophylaxis, and in the others (14.3%), 1st-generation cephalosporins were used. VP Shunt infections did not occur in patients receiving 1st generation cephalosporins. However, possibly due to the limited number of cases, no statistical significance (p=0.549) was detected between the groups. There was no statistical difference in other demographic data between the groups with and without VP shunt infection.

CONCLUSION
In our patient group, which was predominantly infants, prophylactic use of 1st-generation cephalosporins to prevent VP shunt infection showed similar efficacy to the use of 3rd-generation cephalosporins. 1st-generation cephalosporins should be preferred, especially in terms of reducing costs and resistant infections.
Key words: Ventriculoperitoneal shunts, Antibiotic prophylaxis, Cephalosporin.
Effectiveness of USG-guided corticosteroid injection administered into the glenohumeral joint and oral prednisone treatment in patients with adhesive capsulitis
Authors: m Hatice , Ersoy Y , kavc Raikan , omruk Emine
Published: May 2024

Objective: This study aims to compare the efficacy of ultrasonography-guided corticosteroid injection to the glenohumeral joint and oral steroid therapy on clinical response and inferior axillary pouch (AR) thickness measured by ultrasonography (USG) in patients with adhesive capsulitis (AC).
Methods: Our prospective randomized study included 48 patients (18-65 years) with a diagnosis of AC. The first group (n=24) underwent USG-guided corticosteroid injection to glenohumeral joint. In the second group (n=24), oral prednisone was started at 0.5 mg/kg dose with the dosing schedule determined by decreasing and continued for 6 weeks. Both groups were also included in a standard physical therapy program (electrotherapy + exercises). The questionnaire, active and passive shoulder joint ROM measurements, Shoulder Pain and Disability Index, evaluation of the joint with USG, and AR thickness measurements were performed.
Results: There was a statistically significant increase in passive-active ROM values in all directions before and after the treatment (p<0.05) and decrease in AR values after the treatment (p<0.001) in both groups. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups. In addition, the decrease in inferior pouch thickness and the decrease in SPADI scores were positively correlated.
Conclusion: Steroid injection into the glenohumeral joint and oral steroid use significantly reduced shoulder pain and disability and increased range of motion in AC patients. Moreover, both oral steroid and steroid injection treatments improved radiologic findings (by reducing AR), consistent with clinical response. Although both treatments were effective, they were not superior to each other.
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in a patient diagnosed with postresusitation syndrome
Authors: Kandilcik Mehmet , z Hafize
Published: May 2024

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC) is a reversible cardiomyopathy that has been known for approximately 35 years and is characterized by apical ballooning and has morphological features specific to the left ventricle. Because of its similarity to myocardial infarction, Takotsubo cardiomyopathy requires careful diagnosis and treatment for the best possible outcome. When we look at the pathophysiology of this disease, it is known that the increase in catecholamines that occurs with physical or emotional stress plays an important role. Patients in intensive care unit are at high emotional and physical risk due to intensive diagnosis and treatment protocols. Especially in patients admitted to intensive care after cardiopulmonary resuscitation, an increase in sympathetic stimulation and intravenous catecholamines due to resuscitation may cause TC disease. In this case, we aimed to describe the characteristics of TC that developed in a patient treated in intensive care after cardiac arrest, and to make its differential diagnosis and literature review.
Bardoxolone methyl attenuates acetaminophen-induced acute kidney injury by suppressing oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis
Authors: en Yasemin , lu Emine , zatik Fikriye , zatik Orhan
Published: May 2024

Aim: Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays an important role in attenuating several oxidative stress and inflammation-induced diseases, including acute kidney injury (AKI). Bardoxolone methyl (BM) is one of the most potent Nrf2 activator. The aim of this study was to investigate the renoprotective effect of BM against acetaminophen (APAP)-induced AKI in rats.
Materials and Methods: Forty-two rats were equally divided into six groups: control (saline), vehicle (sesame oil), APAP, APAP+N-acetylcysteine (NAC) (160 mg/kg), APAP+BM (5 mg/kg), and APAP+BM (10 mg/kg). Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels, tissue total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were measured in the kidneys. Glomerular and tubular structures were examined histopathologically. Caspase-3 was assessed by immunohistochemistry for apoptosis.
Results: APAP caused severe nephrotoxicity as evidenced by increases in KIM-1, NGAL, TNF-α, oxidative stress and apoptosis in the kidney with histopathological chamges. BM dose-dependently reduced APAP-induced AKI, including oxidative damage, histopathological lesions, and apoptotic changes in the kidney. BM also attenuated KIM-1, NGAL and TNF-α levels in the kidney.
Conclusion: BM has demonstrated therapeutic effects against APAP-induced AKI by enhancing the antioxidant system, modulating inflammatory cytokines and inhibiting apoptosis in rat kidney.
Cytotoxicity of Myrtenal on Different Human Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Korkmaz Engin , Tekin Suat
Published: May 2024

Aim: Myrtenal (Myrt), a monoterpene found in essential oils of various plant species, such as Citrus aurantium, Citrus limon, Mentha japonica and Zingiber officinale roscoe. Preclinical studies have reported that Myrt induces apoptosis in various cancer models. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Myrt on cell viability in human prostate (LNCaP), colon (Caco-2), breast (MCF-7) and ovarian (A2780) cancer cell lines.
Materials and Methods: A2780, LNCaP, MCF-7 and Caco-2 cell lines were used in this study. All cell lines were treated with 1, 5, 25, 50 and 100 μM concentrations of Myrt for 24 hours. Changes in cell viability were determined by the MTT assay. The inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) and logIC50 values of Myrt in cell lines was calculated based on the cytotoxicity results.
Results: Myrt concentrations applied to Caco-2, A2780, MCF-7 and LNCaP cancer cell lines for 24 hours significantly decreased cell viability (%) (p<0.05).
Conclusion: In conclusion, this study shows that Myrt has potent cytotoxic and antiproliferative properties against human A2780, LNCaP, MCF-7 and Caco-2 cancer cell lines.
Evaluation of the Clinical and Functional Outcome of Short-term versus Long-term Cast-Immobilization in Conservatively Treated Distal Radius Fracture.
Authors: r Zeynep , r Erdal , amdall Mustafa
Published: May 2024

Objective:We aim to observe the clinical outcomes of our patients with distal radius fractures treated conservatively with cast immobilization.
Methods: This is a retrospective observational study of 52 (13 males and 39 females) patients with distal end radius fractures who were treated with cast immobilization.We noticed there were three different groups of patients with different periods of cast immobilization and the onset of rehabilitation.The first group (n=18) was undergone 4 weeks of cast immobilization, the second group (n=17) underwent 5 weeks, whereas the third group of patients (n=17) completed 6 weeks of cast immobilization.Wrist and affected hand rehabilitation were started soon after the discontinuation of the cast.All patients were assessed using a visual analog scale(VAS) for pain,Beck Depression Inventory(BDI) for emotional status, and the Disabilities of the Arm,Shoulder,and Hand(DASH) Score for overall hand function.All patients have also been evaluated for pain-free grip strength, and joints Range of Motion(ROM).The assessments were done right after removing the cast(pre-rehabilitation) and after completing rehabilitation(post- rehabilitation).
Results: The VAS score,grip strength,BDI,and DASH scores showed significant differences among all groups before rehabilitation(p<0.01).The ROM and the grip strength were found to be insufficient,while the BDI and DASH scores were not significantly improved with long-term immobilization when compared to short-term immobilization.All scores showed a statistically significant difference in all groups after the 6th month (p<0.01).
Conclusion: Short-term immobilization is a more effective functional outcomes and safer treatment modality before and after rehabilitation compared to long-term immobilization in the conservative treatment of distal radius fractures.
Exploring heart rate variability in alcohol-dependent subjects using frequency-domain analysis
Authors: Muthuswamy Indumathi
Published: May 2024

Background: Alcohol-seeking behavior despite being aware of its adverse effects is defined as alcohol dependence (AD). AD syndrome is a cluster of physiological, behavioral, psychological, and perceptual phenomena that develop subsequent to chronic alcohol ingestion. Ethanol is a potent central nervous system depressant that causes toxic damage to the vasomotor and cardiac autonomic nerve fibers which leads to autonomic imbalance leading to arrhythmias and sudden cardiac deaths. Recording and analyzing the heart rate variability (HRV) using the frequency-domain method delineate the autonomic imbalance in alcoholic individuals which may be due to reduced parasympathetic activity and/or sympathetic hyperactivity.

Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess and compare the cardiac autonomic function between the AD group and the non-alcoholic control group using the frequency domain method of HRV.

Materials and Methods: A total of 55 alcohol-dependent individuals in the age group of 20–55 years were selected from the psychiatry outpatient department, based on the International Classification of Diseases-10 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual -IV) criteria as the study population. Fifty-five age and gender-matched healthy volunteers from the master health check-up scheme from the Department of Community Medicine were selected as the control population. Institutional Ethical Committee clearance was obtained. After obtaining informed written consent from the individuals, the short-term 5 min HRV was recorded in the supine position with eyes closed. The results were analyzed and interpreted. Statistical analysis was done using the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21.0.

Results: The frequency domain parameters high frequency (HF) which is a specific marker of parasympathetic activity was significantly reduced, and low frequency (LF) which is a marker of sympathetic activity was significantly increased in the alcoholic group compared to the non-alcoholic group, respectively. The LF: HF ratio which denotes sympathetic-vagal balance was increased in the alcohol-dependent group.

Conclusion: HF was decreased, LF and LF: HF ratio was increased in alcoholic-dependent individuals indicating autonomic imbalance with reduced parasympathetic activity and increased sympathetic activity which suggests that alcohol affects the cardiac autonomic status. This concludes that the frequency domain method of HRV could be used as a short-term non-invasive test to assess cardiac autonomic dysfunction in alcohol-dependent individuals.
Assessment by modified essay type questions and multiple-choice questions in medical undergraduate students: Which are better in addressing higher cognitive skills?
Authors: Bajpai Ritu , Gavali Yogesh , Rukadikar Charushila
Published: May 2024

Background: Modified essay-type questions (MEQs) and multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are important tools in summative assessment for MBBS students in the newly introduced competency-based medical education curriculum. The existing literature suggests that MCQs are better at addressing higher cognitive levels as compared to MEQs.

Aims and Objectives: The aim of our study was to compare the effectiveness of MEQs and MCQs in assessing higher cognitive levels. Item writing flaws in the MEQs and MCQs were also studied.

Materials and Methods: 90 MCQs and 50 MEQs (153 stages) of physiology for the academic years 2019–2020 and 2020–2021 from different university question papers in India were selected by randomization. Two independent assessors assigned taxonomy levels according to modified Bloom’s taxonomy to the MCQs and MEQs. The Kappa score of agreeability was calculated. The final percentages of MCQs and MEQs at all three levels were calculated.

Results: MEQs assessed Level 3 better than MCQs in both 2019 and 2020 examinations. MCQs were better in assessing Level 2 than MEQs both the years. The most common item-writing flaws were errors in formatting, spelling, and grammar.

Conclusion: Both MEQs and MCQs are equally effective in assessing higher cognitive levels. The majority of questions asked (about 50%) were simple recall types, which need to be addressed.
Short Term Valproate Use & Hematological Disturbances in a Young Burn victim – an Observational Case Report
Authors: Kamran Maha , Malik Salma , Hussain Sadia , Munawer Naureena , Akram Amar , Khan Ramsha , Atiq Sami
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT:
Background: Valproic acid (VPA) is an anticonvulsant drug used for seizures, bipolar disorder, and migraines. Therapeutic levels range from 50-100 μg/mL, with higher levels causing adverse effects like coagulopathies. VPA can cause thrombocytopenia, platelet dysfunction, acquired von Willebrand disease, and other bleeding disorders. These complications are rarely fatal but are more common in children. This case report examines VPA-induced coagulopathy resulting in mortality in a pediatric burn patient.
Case Presentation: A 16-year-old female with a history of seizures presented with 10% total body surface area superficial partial thickness scald burns to her face, neck and chest. She was started on intravenous VPA for seizure prophylaxis. On hospital day 8 she developed severe gastrointestinal bleeding unresponsive to resuscitation attempts and died due to hemorrhagic shock on day 10. Extensive workup excluded other etiologies like inherited coagulopathies, dengue fever, sepsis, and medications. Falling platelet counts, albumin, lymphocyte and hemoglobin levels were noted with elevated d-dimers, pointing to a VPA-induced bone marrow suppression and platelet dysfunction.
Conclusion: This case demonstrates the potential for fatal bleeding complications with short-term VPA use even at therapeutic doses. It highlights the need for close monitoring of hematologic parameters and maintaining a low threshold for changing anticonvulsant therapy in vulnerable patient populations.
FASHION INDUSTRY IN THE CONTEXT OF SOCIOCULTURAL TRANSFORMATIONS OF THE 21ST CENTURY. RUSSIAN FASHION MARKET
Authors: Демшина А.Ю.
Published: May 2024

Мода как социокультурный феномен и как способ осмысления и трансляции культурных ценностей чутко реагирует на трансформации, связанные с развитием сетевой культуры, тенденцией к персонализации, важностью этической составляющей и экологической темы для потребителей. Отечественная мода предлагает локальный вариант ответа на вызовы времени, работая как с мировым опытом, так и особенностями российского потребителя. В отечественной модной практике сегодня акцент делается на создание нишевых брендов, а не модных домов, как это было в начале XXI века. Интернет-инструменты дают площадку для развития региональных брендов. Персонализация как выстраивание личного бренда дизайнера, кастомизация вещей, создание сообществ в интернет-сети реализуется в отечественной модной практике. Этническая и экологическая тема также активно развиваются в российской моде, представляя свою интерпретацию культурных кодов различных регионов. Экологическая тема становится не просто вдохновением, но и формой производства и последующего общения с потребителями.

Fashion as a sociocultural phenomenon and as a way of understanding and transmitting cultural values is sensitive to transformations associated with the development of network culture, the tendency towards personalization, the importance of the ethical component and environmental issues for consumers. Domestic fashion offers a local response to the challenges of the time, working with both global experience and the characteristics of the Russian consumer. In domestic fashion practice today, the emphasis is on creating niche brands rather than fashion houses, as was the case at the beginning of the 21st century. Internet tools provide a platform for the development of regional brands. Building a designer’s personal brand, customizing things, creating communities on the Internet is also actively implemented in domestic fashion practice. Ethnic and environmental themes are also actively developing in Russian fashion, presenting their interpretation of the cultural codes of various regions. The environmental theme becomes not just inspiration, but also a form of production and subsequent communication with consumers.
FORMATION OF OPEN PUBLIC SPACES BASED ON THE HISTORICAL INDUSTRIAL COMPLEXES OF ST. PETERSBURG
Authors: Штиглиц М.С.
Published: May 2024

Развитие исторической среды на основе адаптации объектов индустриального наследия является актуальной задачей современной архитектурной теории и практики. Преобразование ценных в историкоархитектурном плане промышленных комплексов Санкт-Петербурга в открытые общественные пространства стало в настоящее время важным направлением городской политики. Тенденции развития этого процесса рассмотрены на примерах петербургских промышленных комплексов, преобразованных в открытые общественные пространства.

The development of the historical environment based on the adaptation of industrial heritage sites is an urgent task of modern architectural theory and practice. The transformation of historically and architecturally valuable industrial complexes of St. Petersburg into open public spaces has now become an important area of urban policy. The trends in the development of this process are considered using the examples of the industrial complexes in St. Petersburg transformed into open public spaces.
THE SYSTEM OF THE EXPOSITION EQUIPMENT FOR THE STIEGLITZ ACADEMY: ANALYSIS OF THE PROJECT EXPERIENCE
Authors: Войтов Р.В. , Ковалева Т.В.
Published: May 2024

Проводится анализ проектного опыта по созданию для СПГХПА им. А. Л. Штиглица системы выставочного оборудования, предполагающего промышленный процесс производства по индивидуальному заказу. Выявляются особенности взаимодействия художественно-образного и конструктивно-функционального содержания объектов экспозиционного дизайна.

The study analyzes the project experience on the creation of the exhibition equipment system for the Stieglitz Academy, involving customized industrial production process. The research evaluates the features of the interaction of the artistic-imaginative and constructive-functional content of the objects of the exposition design.
FEATURES OF USER RESEARCH AND MARKET ANALYSIS IN INDUSTRIAL DESIGN: METHODS AND TOOLS
Authors: Егорова Е.А. , Шайманова Е.Н.
Published: May 2024

Актуальность работы обусловлена необходимостью обобщения и теоретизации проектировочного дизайнерского опыта, в особенности исследовательского этапа дизайн-проектирования. Авторская интерпретация таких методов дизайн-исследований, как персонаж-моделирование, интервьюирование, экспертная оценка и бенчмаркинг, формируют новизну работы. Даны подробные описания и обоснование методов и инструментов, использование которых рассмотрено на примере студенческих проектов.

The relevance of this work is due to the need to summarize and theorize design experience, especially the research stage of design process. The author’s interpretation of such design research methods as characters, interview, expert analysis and benchmarking forms the novelty of the work. Detailed descriptions and justification of methods and tools are given with the use of which is considered on the example of student projects.
IMPACT OF THE NEW CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGIES ON THE DESIGN OF CAMPGROUNDS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF CHINA)
Authors: Тянь С. , Журавская Т.М.
Published: May 2024

Под влиянием различных факторов, таких как совершенствование индустрии строительства и реформа туристического бизнеса, особенно после эпидемии коронавируса в 2020 году, кемпинги в Китае как новый тип туризма быстро развиваются и становятся центром реформирования и инноваций. Проектирование предметно-пространственной среды кемпингов становится все более актуальной и востребованной темой в дизайне.

Under the influence of various factors such as the transformation of tourism consumption, the improvement of industry, and the reform of tourism supply, especially after the 2020 coronavirus epidemic, camping in China has developed rapidly as a new tourism industry and has become an important part of reform and innovation.