bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sujeito oculto às claras
Authors: Freitas Cláudia , De Souza Elvis
Published: March 2021

Neste trabalho, apresentamos estudos descritivos e computacionais relacionados ao sujeito oculto. Em um primeiro momento, realizamos uma descrição de cunho quantitativo, tomando por base três corpora dos gêneros jornalístico, literário e enciclopédico. Especificamente, quantificamos o sujeito oculto em cada um dos corpora, e encontramos sujeitos omitidos em 24%, 41% e 46% das orações, respectivamente. Em um segundo momento, por meio de uma estratégia baseada em regras, reconstituímos esses sujeitos e os devolvemos aos corpora, com o objetivo de avaliar o quanto a omissão do sujeito é capaz de impactar o aprendizado automático de dependências sintáticas. Os resultados indicam que a reconstituição formal do sujeito pode melhorar a aprendizagem das dependências sintáticas em até 2% quando consideramos a métrica CLAS, evidenciando o papel relevante da modelagem linguística no aprendizado automático.
papel do corpus de estudo no aprimoramento descritivo da complementaridade informacional multidocumento
Authors: Souza Jackson Wilke da Cruz
Published: March 2021

Em subáreas do Processamento Automático de Línguas Naturais (PLN), como a Sumarização Automática Multidocumento (SAM), é necessário compreender o comportamento linguístico de determinados fenômenos, especialmente os de natureza semântica. A Cross-document Structure Theory (CST) é bastante utilizada em estudos do PLN por proporcionar um conjunto de relações semânticas que organizam a informação entre unidades de análise (comumente, pares de sentenças), agrupadas entre conteúdo (a saber, redundância, complementaridade e contradição) e apresentação (a saber, fonte/autoria e estilo). Até então, a caracterização das relações CST baseava-se em atributos genéricos (como a quantidade de palavras em comum entre as sentenças de um par) e específicos (como a presença de advérbios temporais) para as relações de Redundância e Complementaridade. Entretanto, percebe-se que a delimitação de tais atributos ainda é incipiente, pois não inclui atributos semânticos e pragmáticos, níveis linguísticos que são possíveis de recuperar manualmente entre as unidades de análise da CST. Nesse sentido, objetiva-se, neste artigo, reconstruir o percurso metodológico de Souza (2019) ao que se refere ao estudo em corpus das relações CST em textos jornalísticos do Português, já que o conjunto de atributos disponíveis, até o momento, ainda produzia equívocos na identificação dos subtipos de complementaridade multidocumento, a saber temporal e atemporal. Partindo do corpus CSTNews, organizou-se um subconjunto de estudo com os 10 primeiros clusters, o que contabilizou 204 pares de sentenças. Como resultado, foram obtidas a descrição detalhada da complementaridade CST e a criação de uma tipologia de sinalizadores das relações que traduzem esse fenômeno, além da proposição de uma metodologia específica para o estudo de relações CST.
Pragmática de Corpus
Authors: Santos Giovani , Miranda Mateus
Published: March 2021

Este trabalho objetiva apresentar um novo campo que emergiu a partir da intersecção entre a Linguística de Corpus e a Pragmática: a Pragmática de Corpus. Para tanto, através de uma revisão da literatura como ponto de partida, traçamos um panorama que abarca a origem, os aspectos teórico-metodológicos, e os desafios da nova área. Ademais, introduzimos as abordagens forma-função e função-forma, dois modelos investigativos que integram a disciplina. Finalmente, por meio de um estudo de caso, a fim de ilustrar um dos possíveis percursos de análise, investigamos o marcador pragmático kind of por meio da filtragem, método que compõe a abordagem forma-função, no discurso oral de brasileiros universitários. Os subcorpora que subsidiam a pesquisa são o Spoken Corpus of Brazilian Portuguese and L2-English (SCoPE²) e o Brazilian Spoken English Learner Corpus (BraSEL). Os resultados apontam que quando usado pragmaticamente, mesmo em contextos linguísticos distintos, kind of ocorre em seus três domínios funcionais (atitudinal, interpessoal, textual) e como parte constituinte de marcadores de linguagem vaga.
Corpus da Língua Brasileira de Sinais
Authors: De Quadros Ronice Müller , De Sousa Alexandre Melo
Published: March 2021

Este artigo se baseia na proposta teórico-metodológica de um corpus de Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras) a ser desenvolvido no âmbito do projeto Inventário de Língua Brasileira de Sinais na Região do município de Rio Branco, no estado do Acre. Em primeiro lugar, abordamos algumas questões relativas às definições e às características do corpus, alguns aspectos da Libras e documentação das línguas de sinais. Em segundo lugar, abordamos a metodologia utilizada na coleta, transcrição e análise de dados do Inventário Brasileiro de Língua de Sinais com foco na Região de Rio Branco – Acre, destacando as contribuições dos dados coletados para identificação, reconhecimento, valorização e documentação da Língua Brasileira de Sinais em uso no Estado do Acre.
investigação de problemas linguísticos em sumários automáticos multidocumento
Authors: Dias Márcio de Souza , Di Felippo Ariani , Rassi Amanda Pontes , Cardoso Paula Christina Figueira , Nóbrega Fernando Antônio Asevedo , Pardo Thiago Alexandre Salgueiro
Published: March 2021

Sumários automáticos geralmente apresentam vários problemas linguísticos que afetam a sua qualidade textual e, consequentemente, sua compreensão pelos usuários. Alguns trabalhos caracterizam tais problemas e os relacionam ao desempenho dos sistemas de sumarização. Neste artigo, investigaram-se os problemas em extratos (isto é, sumários produzidos pela concatenação de sentenças extraídas na íntegra dos textos-fonte) multidocumento em Português do Brasil gerados por sistemas que apresentam diferentes abordagens (isto é, superficial e profunda) e desempenho (isto é, métodos baseline e do estado-da-arte). Para tanto, as principais caracterizações dos problemas linguísticos em sumários automáticos foram investigadas, resultando em uma tipologia mais adequada à sumarização multidocumento. Em seguida, anotou-se manualmente um corpus de extratos com base na tipologia, evidenciando que alguns tipos de problemas são significativamente mais recorrentes que outros. Assim, essa anotação gera subsídios para as tarefas automáticas de detecção e correção de problemas linguísticos com vistas à produção de sumários automáticos não só mais informativos (isto é, que cobrem o conteúdo do material de origem), como também linguisticamente bem-estruturados.
Propriedades linguísticas da redação do Enem
Authors: Bertucci Roberlei Alves
Published: March 2021

Este texto descreve algumas propriedades linguísticas recorrentes em textos nota 1000 do Enem. Parte-se do princípio de que o gênero redação do Enem tem características próprias, como a exposição aliada à argumentação, e que elementos como repertório e amplo uso de conectivos e modalizadores podem contribuir para a caracterização do texto. Nesta pesquisa, levando em conta o rigoroso processo de avaliação pelo qual passam, consideram-se as redações nota 1000 como exemplares prototípicos do gênero, ou seja, cumprem todos os requisitos exigidos pela banca. O corpus é constituído de 95 redações que alcançaram a nota máxima nos anos de 2014, 2018 e 2019, analisadas por meio do software Tropes, uma ferramenta computacional de análise lexical que verifica as recorrências de categorias e repertório. Os resultados mostraram que tais redações apresentam uma estrutura muito próxima àquela que se verifica na literatura sobre o tema, em especial o predomínio da estrutura impessoal (terceira pessoa), a amplitude do repertório (universo de referência), a variedade e alta frequência de conectivos e modalizadores, além da recorrência de verbos estativos, como ser. Com isso, conclui-se tanto que a ferramenta contribui para a descrição do gênero em questão quanto que os resultados fomentam um debate em torno da padronização da estrutura do texto do Enem.
Commentary on the Recruitment and Retention of American Indian and Alaska Native Students in California Postsecondary Education Institutions
Authors: Akee Randall , Stewart-Ambo Theresa , Torres Heather
Published: March 2021

In this commentary, we engage and summarize existing practices for recruiting and retaining American Indian and Alaska Native students in postsecondary institutions in California. This commentary is the output of a two-day symposium, “Lighting a Path Forward: UC Land Grants, Public Memory, and Tovaangar,” held at the University of California, Los Angeles in October of 2019. The symposium brought together campus and community leaders from across California to discuss the past, present and future of American Indian and Alaska Native student and community concerns, and provide intervening policy and practice recommendations. Participants included both American Indian and Alaska Native and non-Native individuals with a wealth of professional experience and employment in American Indian and Alaska Native education, from the California Community College, California State University and University of California systems. We jointly created a table of critical interventions in education, the justification for this, and potential strategies for implementation. Here, we summarize the discussion of participants from the American Indian and Alaska Native student retention and recruitment workshop to document recommends interventions for campus practitioners and leaders to serve as a guiding document for system and campus advocacy.
Hidden in Plain Sight: The US Government’s Use of the Choctaw Nation as an Environmental Toxics Dumping Ground
Authors: Lambert Jessica
Published: March 2021

Non-Indians have long used Indian reservations as dumping grounds for environmental toxics. My preliminary research suggests an urgent need for further study of the impact of the US-government-owned McAlester Army Ammunitions Plant in the Choctaw Nation on the health of my people and homeland. The plant detonates 45,000 pounds of explosives daily, and tests of the soil, water, and air reveal high levels of cancer-causing toxics. Indians in the area experience numerous health problems, including elevated rates of cancer. Additional research would open the door for environmental remediation and prevention of further harm to tribal members and the environment.
Marie Baldwin, Racism, and the Society of American Indians
Authors: Lewandowski Tadeusz
Published: March 2021

The French/Ojibwa lawyer, activist, and Office of Indian Affairs employee, Marie Louise Bottineau Baldwin (1863–1952), often receives mention in scholarly works on the Society of American Indians (SAI). Very few, however, have examined her contributions in detail. Only one article focusing exclusively on Baldwin has ever been published. Cathleen D. Cahill’s flattering portrait depicts Baldwin as a devoted suffragette and leading SAI figure who, in her roles as cofounder and treasurer, promoted the cause of Indian rights and her own Ojibwa values concerning women’s equality. Cahill explains Baldwin’s sudden exit from the SAI as a result of attacks by male, anti-Indian Office “radicals” who condemned her as disloyal for holding a government post, such as Carlos Montezuma (Yavapai) and Philip Gordon (Ojibwa).

Closer inspection of the SAI’s conference proceedings and epistolary record reveals a very different story. In providing the first full account of Baldwin’s involvement in intertribal activism, this essay counters Cahill’s inaccurate interpretation of Baldwin’s withdrawal from the society, and, more importantly, examines Baldwin’s underreported, yet openly racist campaign among key SAI members to ban African Americans from the Indian Service. Baldwin’s incendiary statements on race offers a point of departure for further study of how the Society of American Indians viewed African Americans during the Progressive era’s intense segregation and prevailing social Darwinist theories of race.
Stacked Hourglass Network with Additional Skip Connection for Human Pose Estimation
Authors: Kım Seung-taek , Lee Hyo Jong
Published: March 2021

The human pose estimation is a problem of localizing human joints in a single image, and that is still a challenge in the field of computer vision. The hourglass network has been used in many researches to achieve good performance in human pose estimation problems. For human pose estimation problem, not only high-level features but also low-level features are important for understanding the whole human body. However, the vanilla hourglass network has the problem of passing only high-level features to the next stack. Therefore, we propose a network structure that can solve the problems of the vanilla hourglass by using an additional skip connection. The proposed skip connection improves network performance by passing relative low-level features to the next stack. In addition, the skip connection is a simple element-wise Sum operation, so there is no increase in the number of parameters. In this work, we use the well-known human pose estimation data set, MPII, to evaluate the proposed method. We conducted experiments to evaluate the objective performance of the proposed method, and it was confirmed through this evaluation that the proposed method improves the performance of human pose estimation of the vanilla hourglass network.
Grid Side Inverter Control for a Grid Connected Synchronous Generator Based Wind Turbine Experimental Emulator
Authors: Zouheyr Dekali , Lotfi Baghli , Thierry Lubin , Abdelmadjid Boumediene
Published: March 2021

This paper describes the real time implementation and control of a wind energy conversion chain emulator based on a synchronous generator (SG) using a full-scale power converter configuration. The proposed structure consists of the mechanical coupling of two 1.5 kW machines, a DC motor which emulates the static-dynamic behaviors of a three-blade wind turbine with a horizontal axis including an ideal gearbox, and a synchronous generator that ensures the electromechanical conversion and manages the different operating modes. The aim of the first part in this work is the design and the implementation of the control of the grid side converter in order to control the flow of the produced/consumed active and reactive power (PGSC / QGSC) in both directions between the generator and the grid. An improved experimental grid voltage vector-orientation control algorithm (VOC) is investigated and applied to the grid inverter to control the GSC powers independently and instantly. The control algorithms are implanted in C, using dSPACE DS1104 control board to drive the 6-IGBT’s inverter. The experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme of the GSC.
Optimal Operation of Micro-Grids to Reduce Energy Production Costs and Environmental Pollution Using Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm (ACO)
Authors: Lorenzini Giulio , Kamarposhti Mehrdad Ahmadi , Solyman Ahmed Amin Ahmed
Published: March 2021

With increasing demand for electric energy and requesting higher quality by subscribers, the electric power industry has moved towards using new technologies. Many modern societies seek to use the systems of new energy management in order to reduce environmental pollutants and operational costs in electrical energy systems. Therefore, exploiting various resources of renewable energies, micro-grids can be considered as a significant tool to attain these objectives. According to the subject, Ant Colony Optimization algorithm (ACO) is used in this paper to optimize one micro-grid sample in order to reduce the cost of generating power and to reduce environmental pollution to increase reliability. The recommended algorithm has been done in two scenarios and each in two sections. In the first scenario, energy management will be conducted for all distributed generation resources and in the second scenario it is assumed that wind and solar products, produce their maximum power and energy management are conducted for the reminder elements and the results are compared with other optimization algorithms.
Use of the Dual Stator Induction Machine in Photovoltaic - Wind Hybrid Pumping
Authors: Adjati Arezki , Rekioua Toufik , Rekioua Djamila
Published: March 2021

In this article, a combination of two renewable sources is used to power a pumping station. Indeed, a photovoltaic generator (GPV) and a wind turbine are installed so as to be complementary in the process of filling the water tower similar to an accumulator, before distributing the water by gravity. Prior knowledge of a few quantities, in particular the assessment of water requirements, total dynamic head (TDH) and flow rate is essential for sizing the various components of the pumping chain. The results obtained show that the combination of the energy of the sun with that of the wind ensures a continuity of service; the use of an engine (DSIM) and a double stator induction generator (DSIG) allows degraded mode operation in the event that one or more parts of the drive system are defective. The global system is dimensioned and simulated under Matlab/ Simulink Package.
Torque Control Oriented Modeling of a Brushless Direct Current Motor (BLDCM) Based on the Extended Park's Transformation
Authors: Majdoubi Rania , Masmoudi Lhoussaine , Bakhti Mohammed , Jabri Bouazza
Published: March 2021

The wheeled mobile robots have recently become a better choice for repetitive tasks and especially in the agricultural field, but the existing constraint remains in its electrical motor, either in its consumption or its control. Therefore, we will focus on the Brushless Direct Current Motor (BLDCM) included on the robot wheels. Hence, the objective of this paper is to provide a model of BLDCM to have both maximum torque and a reduced torque ripple. Indeed, it is important to give a mathematical model that correctly represents the motor in three phases reference frame. To reduce the complexity of the model, we have used the extended park reference frame, which provides a biphasic representation in order to control the current using Proportional Integral Controller (PI Controller). The angular velocity of the motor is controlled using two types of regulators; ones called PI Controller and the other is Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) to compare its performance. The motor is attached to an inverter, which is controlled using a Full-Wave offset method. The modeling machine is done and validated using MATLAB Simulink Library. The simulation results of the modeling system are evaluated to have the profile of the wheel speed rotating freely, and the energetic efficiency of the BLDCM during functioning.
Response to Essays on Are We Bodies or Souls?
Authors: Swinburne Richard
Published: March 2021

This paper consists of my responses to the comments by nine commentators on my book Are we Bodies or Souls? It makes twelve separate points, each one relevant to the comments of one or more of the commentators, as follows: (1) I defend my understanding of “knowing the essence” of an object as knowing a set of logically necessary and sufficient conditions for an object to be that object; (2) I claim that there cannot be thoughts without a thinker; (3) I argue that my distinction of “mental” from “physical” events in terms of whether anyone has privileged access to whether or not they occur, is a clear one; (4) and (5) I defend my account of metaphysical modality and its role in defending my account of personal identity; (6) I defend my view that Descartes’s argument in favor of the view that humans are essentially souls fails, but that my amended version of that argument succeeds; (7) I claim that my theory acknowledges the closeness of the connection in an earthly life between a human soul and its body; (8) I argue that my Cartesian theory of the soul-body relation is preferable to Aquinas’s theory of that; (9) I argue that a material thing cannot have mental properties; (10) I argue that any set of logically necessary conditions for an object to be the object it is, which together form a logically sufficient condition for this, mutually entails any other such set; (11) I deny that a dualist needs to provide an explanation of how the soul has the capacities that it has; and finally (12) I defend my view that souls have thisness, and claim that that is not a difficulty for the view that God determines which persons will exist.
MiR-1179 is downregulated in cervical cancer and its overexpression suppresses cancer cells invasion by targeting CHAF1A/ZEB1
Authors: Lv Fahui , Zhong Youwen , Sang Ling , Wu Xiaoling
Published: March 2021

The anticancer effect of miR-1179 has been extensively studied in many tumors. The mechanism of miR-1179 action in cervical cancer, however, remains largely unknown. In the present study, miR-1179 was downregulated in both cervical cancer cell lines and cancer tissues. In addition, miR-1179 mimic suppressed cancer cells invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cervical cancer SiHa and Caski cells. We found that chromatin assembly factor 1 subunit A (CHAF1A) might be a direct target of miR-1179 and could be regulated by miR-1179. Furthermore, CHAF1A shRNA suppressed the cervical cancer cells invasion and the expression of EMT-promoted proteins. Reversely, CHAF1A overexpression not only promoted cervical cancer cells invasion but also upregulated the level of Zinc finger E‐box binding protein 1 (ZEB1), an EMT-related protein. The induction of ZEB1 could be counteracted by miR-1179 overexpression. It was observed that in cervical cancer patients’ tissues, miR-1179 was downregulated while the pathway of CHAF1A/ZEB1 was upregulated. In summary, our research indicated that the miR-1179 might regulate CHAF1A/ZEB1 axis and inhibit the invasion of cervical cancer cells.
Sumário
Authors: Científico Editor
Published: March 2021

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Charging the Budget of the City Wrocław with Urbanisation Costs (Poland)
Authors: Hełdak Maria , Chisa Ken
Published: March 2021

The paper deals with the issue of charging local authorities with the costs of realisation of the provisions contained in local spatial development plans in Wrocław (Poland). Considering the planned spatial development in the area of the city Wrocław, the urbanisation costs that are chargeable to the municipality budget were identified. The economic effects of preparing areas designated for development in the residential programme offer were analysed. The paper provides an analysis of the cost of realisation of investments that belong to own duties of the municipality, including the cost of building municipality roads, sewage and water supply networks, arranging public greenery and purchasing land for public investments. The analyses were performed within the administrative borders of the city. The prognosed costs of the realisation of local spatial development plans demonstrate significant expenditure that Wrocław has to incur for the construction of sewage network and municipal roads. Additionally, the development of new areas will require the city of Wrocław to take over the real properties on which public goals are planned to be realised. One should thoroughly consider the actual need for new investment areas in the city. Demographic forecasts demonstrate that the areas designated for development significantly exceed the demand.
Pomiar zagrożenia płynności faktoranta
Authors: Popović Milan
Published: March 2021

W artykule zaprezentowano autorską metodę estymacji sytuacji finansowej faktoranta, która stanowi odzwierciedlenie ryzyka nadużycia ze strony tego podmiotu. Zaproponowana metoda ilościowa została oparta o dane historyczne, z użyciem wskaźników statystycznych obrazujących zmianę zmiany w kulturze płatności faktoranta i jego dłużników.
Correlation of Individual Factors and Subjective Workload with Work Stress on Spinning Workers
Authors: Yuliani Septi Dewi , Widajati Noeroel
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Excessive workload is a major factor causing work stress. The condition that arises as a result of the inability of workers to deal with the demands of their work causes work stress. This study aims to analyze the relationship between individual factors and subjective workload with work stress on the spinning workers of PT. Delta Merlin Sandang Tekstil I Sragen. Methods: This study was an observational analytic study with a cross sectional study design. Research was conducted in January 2020 in PT. Delta Merlin Sandang Tekstil I Sragen. The samples of this research consisted of 133 respondents, which were determined by using a simple random sampling method. Work stress was a dependent variable in this study and individual factors (age, gender, education level, years of service, and marital status) were the independent variables; moreover, the work factor used was subjective workload. Data on individual characteristics, subjective workload, and work stress were obtained through distributing questionnaires to workers. Data analysis was performed using the Spearman correlation. Results: The results of the study state that there is no relationship between age (p = 0.790), sex (p = 0.659), level of education (p = 0.499), years of service (p = 0.730), marital status (p = 0.251) and work stress, and there is a relationship between subjective workload and work stress (p = 0,000). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between subjective workload and work stress, but there is no relationship between individual factors and work stress among the spinning workers of PT. Delta Merlin Sandang Tekstil I Sragen.Keywords: individual factors, subjective workload, work stress
Correlation between Individual Characteristics and Rest Break with Work-related Fatigue on Telecommunication Network Service Workers
Authors: Rachmawati Deti , Paskarini Indriati
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Work-related fatigue on workers are usually caused by some factors such as individual characteristics (age, work period, nutritional status) and rest break. This research aims to analyze the correlation between individual characteristics and rest break with work-related fatigue on telecommunication network service workers. Method: This research used an observational analytic and a cross-sectional approach. The population and sample in this research were all 32 workers at I-OAN unit in a telecommunication network service company. The independent variables in this study were age, work period, nutritional status, and rest break, while the dependent variable was work-related fatigue. Data were obtained throughquestionnaires about individual characteristics (age, work period, nutritional status) and rest break filled by workers. The data were also obtained through the Industrial Fatique Research Committee (IFRC) questionnaires filled by workers. All of the data in this study were analyzed with the Spearman correlation test (α = 0.05). Results: The majority of I-OAN unit workers are in the age range of 25-29 years (46.9%), have 3-4 years of work period (56.2%), and have normal nutritional status (40.6%). For the rest break variable, there are16 workers (50%) who have <30 minutes rest break and also 16 workers (50%) who have ≥ 30 minutes rest break. Conclusion: There is a correlation between individual characteristics and rest break with work-related fatigue on telecommunication network service workers.Keywords: individual characteristics, rest break, work-related fatigue
The Correlation between Discipline and Work Productivity at PT. Bina Megah Indowood
Authors: Roshida Devy Syanindita , Paskarini Indriati
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Productive human resources are able to complete the given tasks and responsibilities well. Discipline is the mental attitude at work needed to achieve productivity. Discipline at work creates smooth operational activities of the company. PT. Bina Megah Indowood is a manufacturing company that provides solid wood flooring with various thickness. The present study analyses¬ the correlation between individual characteristics, discipline, and work productivity among molding machine workers of PT. Bina Megah Indowood. Methods: This study was an observational analytic study with a cross sectional approach. Variables in this study were work discipline as an independent variable and productivity as a dependent variable. The population in this study were 58 workers in the molding section, 50 of whom were taken as samples. The sampling technique used was a simple random sampling. Morover, the two types of data used in this study were primary data obtained from questionnaires and secondary data obtained from the company profiles and a summary of production results every month. The technique of data analysis data was a Spearman correlation test. Results: Most workers in the molding machine production unit of PT. Bina Megah Indowood have moderate discipline and moderate work productivity. There is a correlation between discipline and work productivity with ρ-value = 0.020. The contingency coefficient between discipline and work productivity is 0.328, which means the correlation is weak. Conclusion: Higher work productivity is followed higher level of discipline. Meanwhile, individual characteristics have no correlation with work productivity because the distribution resultof individual characteristics is only dominant in one category.Keywords: discipline, individual characteristics, work productivity
Political trust of the Dayak Paser indigenous law community regarding the capital city relocation policy
Authors: Syarifuddin Tengku Imam , Rahmawati Dian Eka , Efendi Dafid
Published: March 2021

The country’s capital will succeed if it works well as the national government center, a prosperous and livable city. As the country’s multifunctional capital, Jakarta has undoubtedly caused many social, political, and economic problems that are difficult to overcome. This article aims to determine the political trust in the indigenous law community of Dayak Paser concerning the national capital relocation policy, using qualitative analysis consisting of a literature study approach with Nvivo 12 Plus application to analyze the data derived from internet websites. The author used government alignments, cultural norms, and economic change as the indicators in this study. The author also separates the community of Dayak Paser into the indigenous law community and the indigenous leaders. The result is that the members of the indigenous law communities prefer the sustainability of the cultural norms. The dominant indigenous figures prefer the government’s alignments. If the government guarantees the standard order, then the indigenous law community’s site and rights will not go extinct. Indigenous leaders and the members of the indigenous law community are equally subordinate to the economic factors. The conclusion that the government’s alignment toward sustainability cultural norms affects the economic changes. The author also recommends that the country’s capital design should use a metaphorical concept approach.
Local wisdom in environment conservation: A study on a conservation and energy self-sufficient village
Authors: Sudiasmo Fandi , Muspita Novi Catur
Published: March 2021

Farmer group of Bendrong Hamlet has conducted a series of reforestation activities to cope with landslides and secure the clean water supply to all villages. Although the attempt has run well, many problems have begun to arise, such as people’s land being sold. The buyers are outsiders, thereby deviating from the specified principles of conservation and people’s awareness of conservation activity decreasing. These problems should be solved immediately, recalling Malang Regency is vulnerable to landslide disaster incidence. The research objectives were to reconstruct the conservation conceptualization model and improve the community-based conservation model using a qualitative research method with a case study approach and interactive data analysis technique. The conservation undertaken by people in Bendrong Hamlet divides into two: green and energy conservations. Green conservation conduct through people planting forests with forestry plants and agroforestry plants below it—energy conservation conduct by processing cow manure into biogas as alternative energy. Besides, the conservation activity is intended to be intended for environmental factors and intended as an economic factor obtained from green and energy conservation activities. Social institutions’ participation, legitimacy, and government, private, and community’s participation, either individually or in the group, are essential to the performance of conservation activity as the attempt of conserving natural resource; also, economic activity should be included in the conservation activity to result in an effective and sustainable community conservation activity.
Examining factors affecting the failure of Khofifah Indar Parawansa in East Java gubernatorial elections
Authors: Siregar Wahidah Zein Br
Published: March 2021

Statistics consistently show that women in executive political leadership positions are much lower than men at a global level. Institutional, socio-economic, and socio-cultural factors influence this condition. Some studies also identified that media considered as an essential factor for women’s involvement in politics. This paper examines factors contributing to the failure of Khofifah Indar Parawansa in East Java gubernatorial elections and whether or not gender is a matter in affecting the failure. This research analyzed kompas.com on how media reports the process of exploring this issue, how it frames the factors and the result of the 2008 and 2013. Seventy-nine news reports from online newspapers, 27 from the 2008 election and 52 from the 2013 election, were analyzed. Researchers traced these articles using thematic textual analysis to identify factors inhibiting Khofifah’s participation in the elections. The media reported that political, socio-economic, and socio-cultural aspects inhibited her success in the elections. Interestingly, the media emphasizes the political aspect as the most significant factor in her failures. It implies that the media provides balanced and fair information on female candidates.
Uloga novih tehnologija u borbi protiv lažnih vijesti
Authors: Grmuša Tanja , Prelog Lordan
Published: March 2021

Konvergencija medija praćena razvojem novih tehnologija nastoji osigurati upotrebu pristigle‏ informacije na svim komunikacijskim kanalima koje medijska organizacija posjeduje, a preduvjet‏ za spomenuti način rada je integrirana redakcija. Takav pristup podrazumijeva suradnju donedavno‏ strogo razdvojenih odjela, osoblja i tehnologije, koji moraju biti educirani i osposobljeni za rad u digitalnom‏ okruženju. Velik je to izazov i za profesionalne novinarske standarde zbog imperativa brzine, ali‏ i promjene načina komunikacije izvora s medijima. S druge strane, promjena uloge publike koju čine aktivni‏ kreatori masovne komunikacije traži kontinuirano provjeravanje etičnosti kanala i komunikatora,‏ a sve s ciljem jačanja vjerodostojnosti medija koji gube povjerenje konzumenata u odnosu na društvene‏ mreže. Dubinu komunikacijske krize koja je vrhunac doživjela inflacijom lažnih vijesti prepoznala je i‏ Europska komisija koja naglašava važnost samoregulacije. Istodobno, tehnološki divovi i digitalne platforme‏ pokušavaju dati svoj doprinos u razvoju automatiziranih (fact-check) sustava vođenih umjetnom‏ inteligencijom, koji bi trebali olakšati novinarima, urednicima, ali i korisnicima prepoznavanje društveno‏ štetnih komunikacijskih formi. Cilj je rada istražiti iskustva hrvatskih novinara s radom u integriranoj redakciji,‏ kao i njihov odnos prema cjeloživotnom obrazovanju te profesionalnim standardima struke u‏ digitalnom dobu kojima veliki izazov predstavljaju lažne vijesti te ispitati primjenu umjetne inteligencije u‏ provjeri informacija i borbi protiv dezinformacija.
The Characteristic Equation of the Exceptional Jordan Algebra: Its Eigenvalues, and Their Possible Connection with the Mass Ratios of Quarks and Leptons
Authors: Singh Tejinder Pal
Published: March 2021

The exceptional Jordan algebra [also known as the Albert algebra] is the finite dimensional algebra of 3x3 Hermitean matrices with octonionic entries. Its automorphism group is the exceptional Lie group $F_4$. These matrices admit a cubic characteristic equation whose eigenvalues are real and depend on the invariant trace, determinant, and an inner product made from the Jordan matrix. Also, there is some evidence in the literature that the group $F_4$ could play a role in the unification of the standard model symmetries, including the Lorentz symmetry. The octonion algebra is known to correctly yield the electric charge values (0, 1/3, 2/3, 1) for standard model fermions, via the eigenvalues of a $U(1)$ number operator, identified with $U(1)_{em}$. In the present article, we use the same octonionic representation of the fermions to compute the eigenvalues of the characteristic equation of the Albert algebra, and compare the resulting eigenvalues with the known mass ratios for quarks and leptons. We find that the ratios of the eigenvalues correctly reproduce the [square root of the] known mass ratios for up, charm and top quark. We also propose a diagrammatic representation of the standard model bosons, Higgs and three fermion generations, in terms of the octonions, exhibiting an $F_4$ symmetry. We motivate from our Lagrangian as to why the eigenvalues computed in this work could bear a relation with mass ratios of quarks and leptons. In conjunction with the trace dynamics Lagrangian, the Jordan eigenvalues also provide a first principles theoretical derivation of the low energy value of the fine structure constant, yielding the value $1/137.04006$. The Karolyhazy correction to this value gives an exact match with the measured value of the constant, after assuming a specific value for the electro-weak symmetry breaking energy scale.
Driving Model of Determinant Factors Affecting the Performance of Small and Micro Enterprises: Empirical Evidence from Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Youtang Zhang , Yesuf Ayele Eshetu
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the driving model of determinant factors that affects the performance of small and micro enterprises empirical evidence from Amhara Region, Ethiopia. The study used primary and secondary data from manufacturing, construction, urban agriculture, trade, and service entrepreneurs found in Bahirdar, Dessie & Gonder Cities using a purposive sampling technique. It also used the descriptive research design with a self-administered survey questionnaire. The Statistical analysis tools, SPSS and Amos, software were applied to analyze the data. Multiple regression model results revealed that access to credit, initial capital, working premises, industry category, market linkage, ICT adoption have a positive relationship and a major impact on the Amhara region's enterprise performance. Hence, the outcome variable, enterprise performance, is highly affected by all predicted variables. As the study finding shows, a lack of access to credit, , market linkage, working premises), initial capital, and information communication Technology problems are critical challenges of SMEs. The Regional Government, TVED Bureau, Micro Finance Institutions, , should take corrective action to provide sufficient credit and long-term loans to protect inflation. Moreover, this study proposed a sustainable cluster management approach that solves their challenges in an integrated way.
Soil Sulfur Sources Differentially Enhance Cadmium Tolerance in Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)
Authors: Mir Iqbal R. , Rather Bilal A. , Masood Asim , Majid Arif , Sehar Zebus , Anjum Naser A. , Sofo Adriano , D’Ippolito Ilaria , Khan Nafees A.
Published: March 2021

The effect of four soil-applied sulfur [S; 100 mg S kg-1 soil (100S) and 200 mg S kg-1 soil (200S)] in different sources (elemental S, ammonium sulfate, gypsum or magnesium sulfate) in protecting mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern & Coss.) from cadmium effects was studied. Based on the observed reduction in growth and photosynthesis in plants subjected to 100 and 200 mg Cd kg-1 soil, B. juncea cv. Giriraj was selected as the most Cd-tolerant among five cultivars (namely, Giriraj, RH-0749, Pusa Agrani, RH-406, and Pusa Tarak). Sulfur applied to soil mitigated the negative impact of Cd on sulfur assimilation, cell viability and photosynthetic functions, with a lower lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage, and contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS: hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, and superoxide anion, O2•−). Generally, added S caused a higher activity of antioxidant enzymes (ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase), and contents of ascorbate (AsA) and reduced glutathione (GSH), and increases in the activities of their regenerating enzymes (dehydroascorbate reductase and GSH reductase), as well as rises in S assimilation, biosynthesis of non-protein thiols (NPTs) and phytochelatins (PCs). Compared to the other S-sources tested, elemental S more prominently protected B. juncea cv. Giriraj against Cd-impacts by minimizing Cd-accumulation and its root-to-shoot translocation; decreasing cellular ROS and membrane damage, and improving Cd-chelation (NPTs and PCs), so strengthening the defense machinery against Cd. The results suggest the use of elemental S for favoring the growth and development of cultivated plants also in Cd-contaminated agricultural soils.
Pyrometallurgy and Electrometallurgy of Rare Earths – Part A: Analysis of Metallothermic Reduction and its Variants
Authors: Rafique Muhammad Musaddique Ali
Published: March 2021

Rare earths are classified as most important and critical material for US economy and defense by Congress and a mandate has been set to increase their in-house production, domestic resource utilization and decrease reliance on foreign resources and reserves. They are widely available in earth crust as ore (bastnaesite (La, Ce)FCO3, monazite, (Ce, La, Y, Th)PO4, and xenotime, YPO4), but their so-called economic reserves are sparsely located geographically. They may be produced by various means such as beneficiation (physical, chemical, mechanical, or electrical), reduction (direct or indirect), electrolysis (of aqueous or molten / fused single or mixed salt systems) at high temperature or hydrometallurgy. Out of these, direct reduction also known as metallothermic reduction (La and Ca reduction) is mostly utilized. Its variant, high temperature electrowinning of fused salts is also practiced widely. These processes are material and application specific. In this study, author will employ thermodynamics (Ellingham diagrams, free energy of formation, reduction potential, Nernst equation, Pourbaix (Eh-pH) diagrams, E-pO-2 diagrams), kinetics and energetic of a chemical reaction (chemical metallurgy) to reduce rare earth oxide / salt to rare earth metals (REO/RES – REM). It is shown that materials and energy requirement vary greatly depending on type of mineral ore, production facility, and beneficiation / mineral processing method selected. Aim is to reduce dependence on coal deposits. It is anticipated this route will be able to produce rare earths with > 35% yield and > 98% purity which be described in subsequent studies and patents.
Hybrid Nanoparticles Based on Cobalt Ferrite and Gold: Preparation and Characterization
Authors: Saikova Svetlana , Pavlikov Alexander , Trofimova Tatyana , Mikhlin Yuri , Karpov Denis , Asanova Anastasia , Grigoriev Yuri , Volochaev Mikhail , Zharkov Sergey , Velikanov Dmitry
Published: March 2021

During the past few decades, hybrid nanoparticles (HNPs) based on a magnetic material and gold have attracted interest for applications in catalysis, diagnostics and nanomedicine. In this paper, magnetic CoFe2O4/Au HNPs with an average particle size of 10–20 nm decorated with 2-nm gold clusters were prepared using methionine as a reducer and an anchor between CoFe2O4 and gold. The obtained nanoparticles were studied by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV-Vis spectroscopy techniques. The TEM images of the HNPs obtained after one, six and ten gold deposition cycles showed that the surface of cobalt ferrite was covered with gold nanoclusters, which slightly increased with an increase in the number of gold deposition cycles (from 2.12 ± 0.15 nm after one cycle to 2.46 ± 0.13 nm after ten cycles) without any change in surface density. The magnetic measurements showed that the obtained HNPs possessed typical ferrimagnetic behaviour, which corresponds to that of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles. The toxicity evaluation of the synthesised HNPs on Chlorella vulgaris indicated that they can be applied to biomedical applications such as magnetic hyperthermia, photothermal therapy, drug delivery, bioimaging and biosensing.
Predictors of Mental Health After the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Poland
Authors: Długosz Piotr
Published: March 2021

The aim of the article is to determine the predictors of mental health among Polish society. Research was conducted after the first wave of the pandemic. Due to such an approach, it was possible to determine whether secondary effects of the pandemic have impact on mental health, apart from socio-demographic and psychological factors. In order to gather the research material, the CAWI on-line survey method was applied and carried out within the framework of the Ariadna Research Panel on the sample of 1079 Poles aged 15 and over. The FCV-19S scale, which is used to measure the fear of COVID-19 was applied in the measurement. It is a verified diagnostic instrument used to measure mental health in a lot of countries. The results of a hierarchical regression analysis have shown that the factors which increase the level of fear of COVID-19 are demographic, social and psychological features as well as attitudes towards the pandemic. The results of research indicate the significance of social context in the analysis and explanation of the effects of disasters and cataclysms.
Lifestyle Factors and Metabolically Unhealthy Obesity in Youth. Findings from the OSPEL Study
Authors: Ellulu Mohammed S. , Brito Alex , De Beaufort Carine , Bohn Torsten , Guinhouya Benjamin , Samouda Hanen
Published: March 2021

Metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) was associated with increased cardiometabolic risk. However, it is not fully understood which lifestyle factors are associated with MUO in youth. We aimed to investigate the relationship between MUO and lifestyle patterns in youth. 7-17 years old youth with overweight (N=48; 60.4% girls) and obesity (N=71; 56.3% girls) were recruited in the Pediatric Clinic, Luxembourg (cross-sectional study). Eating and sedentary habits, moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and vigorous physical activity (VPA) were assessed. 72.3% of the participants had MUO. Multivariable logistic regressions showed that MUO is most likely to be associated with moderate to low weekly levels of MVPA [OR: 2.09 (95% CI: 1.07 – 4.09; p = 0.030)] and moderate to high weekly soda and lemonade drinks consumption [OR: 2.92 (95% CI: 1.32 – 6.48; p = 0.008)]. After adjustment for age, gender and Tanner stages, MUO was most likely to be associated with moderate to high soda and lemonade drinks consumption [OR: 2.72 (95% CI: 1.21– 6.12; p = 0.016)] and with Tanner stages [OR: 2.06 (95% CI: 1.08– 3.94; p = 0.029)]. We support the promotion of MVPA and the moderation in the sugar-sweetened beverages consumption to manage cardiometabolic health in youth with obesity.