bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tryptophanol-Derived Oxazolopyrrolidone Lactams as Potential Anticancer Agents against Gastric Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Espadinha Margarida , Barcherini Valentina , Gonçalves Lídia M. , Molins Elies , Antunes Alexandra M. M. , Santos Maria M. M.
Published: March 2021

Gastric cancer is one of the deadliest cancers in modern societies, so there is a high level of interest in discovering new drugs for this malignancy. Previously, we demonstrated the ability of tryptophanol-derived polycyclic compounds to activate the tumor suppressor protein p53, a relevant therapeutic target in cancer. In this work, we developed a novel series of enantiomerically pure tryptophanol-derived small molecules to target human gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS) cells. From an initial screening of fourteen compounds in AGS cell line, a hit compound was selected for optimization, leading to two derivatives selective for AGS gastric cells over other types of cancer cells (MDA-MB-231, A-549, DU-145, and MG-63). More importantly, the compounds were non-toxic in normal cells (HEK 293T). Additionally, we show that the growth inhibition of AGS cells induced by these compounds is mediated by apoptosis. Stability studies in human plasma and human liver microsomes indicate that the compounds are stable, and that the major metabolic transformations of these molecules are mono- and di-hydroxylation of the indole ring.
Protein-Based Films and Coatings for Food Industry Applications
Authors: Mihalca Vlad , Kerezsi Andreea Diana , Weber Achim , Gruber-Traub Carmen , Schmucker Jürgen , Vodnar Dan Cristian , Dulf Francisc Vasile , Socaci Sonia Ancuța , Fărcaș Anca , Mureșan Carmen Ioana , Suharoschi Ramona , Pop Oana Lelia
Published: March 2021

Food packaging is an area of interest not just for food producers or food marketing, but also for consumers who are more and more aware about the fact that food packaging has a great impact on food product quality and on the environment. The most used materials for the packaging of food are plastic, glass, metal, and paper. Still, over time edible films have become widely used for a variety of different products and different food categories such as meat products, vegetables, or dairy products. For example, proteins are excellent materials used for obtaining edible or non-edible coatings and films. The scope of this review is to overview the literature on protein utilization in food packages and edible packages, their functionalization, antioxidant, antimicrobial and antifungal activities, and economic perspectives. Different vegetable (corn, soy, mung bean, pea, grass pea, wild and Pasankalla quinoa, bitter vetch) and animal (whey, casein, keratin, collagen, gelatin, surimi, egg white) protein sources are discussed. Mechanical properties, thickness, moisture content, water vapor permeability, sensorial properties, and suitability for the environment also have a significant impact on protein-based packages utilization.
Bioactivity—Symphony or Cacophony? A Personal View of a Tangled Field
Authors: Darvell Brian
Published: March 2021

In the pursuit of better treatments, the concept of a chemically-active material, responding to local conditions by causing reactions, or reacting to produce substances that are deemed beneficial, seems laudable. Ultimately, the goal appears to be to recruit natural biological processes such that a natural ‘repair’ is effected. This goal seems to be the reason for prefixing “bio-” to many terms with a view to advertising the desire, yet without presenting evidence that it has occurred, or indeed that it is capable of occurring, relying instead on non-biological processes to justify the claims. The dogma is such that all work where local ‘responsive’ chemistry is involved must receive the label “bioactive” to legitimize and promote. Nevertheless, the primary evidence adduced is flawed, and the claim must fail. A rethink to restore scientific sense and confidence in the endeavour is essential if real progress is to be made.
250-m Aerosol Retrieval from FY-3 Satellite in Guangzhou
Authors: Wang Zhongting , Deng Ruru , Ma Pengfei , Zhang Yuhuan , Liang Yeheng , Chen Hui , Zhao Shaohua , Chen Liangfu
Published: March 2021

Aerosol distribution with fine spatial resolution is crucial for atmospheric environmental management. This paper proposes an improved algorithm of aerosol retrieval from 250-m Medium Resolution Spectral Image (MERSI) data of Chinese FY-3 satellites. A mixing model of soil and vegetation was used to calculate the parameters of the algorithm from moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) reflectance products in 500-m resolution. The mixing model was used to determine surface reflectance in blue band, and the 250-m aerosol optical depth (AOD) was retrieved through removing surface contributions from MERSI data over Guangzhou. The algorithm was used to monitor two pollution episodes in Guangzhou in 2015, and the results displayed an AOD spatial distribution with 250-m resolution. Compared with the yearly average of MODIS aerosol products in 2015, the 250-m resolution AOD derived from the MERSI data exhibited great potential for identifying air pollution sources. Daily AODs derived from MERSI data were compared with ground results from CE318 measurements. The results revealed a correlation coefficient between the AODs from MERSI and those from the ground measurements of approximately 0.85, and approximately 68% results were within expected error range of ±(0.05 + 15%τ).
A Weighted-Time-Lag Method to Detect Lag Vegetation Response to Climate Variation: A Case Study in Loess Plateau, China, 1982–2013
Authors: Sun Qianqian , Liu Chao , Chen Tianyang , Zhang Anbing
Published: March 2021

Vegetation fluctuation is sensitive to climate change, and this response exhibits a time lag. Traditionally, scholars estimated this lag effect by considering the immediate prior lag (e.g., where vegetation in the current month is impacted by the climate in a certain prior month) or the lag accumulation (e.g., where vegetation in the current month is impacted by the last several months). The essence of these two methods is that vegetation growth is impacted by climate conditions in the prior period or several consecutive previous periods, which fails to consider the different impacts coming from each of those prior periods. Therefore, this study proposed a new approach, the weighted time-lag method, in detecting the lag effect of climate conditions coming from different prior periods. Essentially, the new method is a generalized extension of the lag-accumulation method. However, the new method detects how many prior periods need to be considered and, most importantly, the differentiated climate impact on vegetation growth in each of the determined prior periods. We tested the performance of the new method in the Loess Plateau by comparing various lag detection methods by using the linear model between the climate factors and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). The case study confirmed four main findings: (1) the response of vegetation growth exhibits time lag to both precipitation and temperature; (2) there are apparent differences in the time lag effect detected by various methods, but the weighted time-lag method produced the highest determination coefficient (R2) in the linear model and provided the most specific lag pattern over the determined prior periods; (3) the vegetation growth is most sensitive to climate factors in the current month and the last month in the Loess Plateau but reflects a varied of responses to other prior months; and (4) the impact of temperature on vegetation growth is higher than that of precipitation. The new method provides a much more precise detection of the lag effect of climate change on vegetation growth and makes a smart decision about soil conservation and ecological restoration after severe climate events, such as long-lasting drought or flooding.
High-Resolution and Large-Detection-Range Virtual Antenna Array for Automotive Radar Applications
Authors: Abdullah Haythem , Mabrouk Mohamed , Abd-Elnaby Kabeel Ahmed , Hussein Amr
Published: March 2021

Collision avoidance and autonomous control of vehicles have become essential needs for providing a high-quality and safe life. This paper introduces a new generic scheme for a virtual antenna array (VAA) and its application in a train collision-avoidance system (TCAS). The proposed TCAS shall have the capability of identifying the range and angle of an object in front of a moving train and provide the required alerts. Thereby, a new virtual array distribution for both the transmitting and the receiving antenna arrays is introduced to get a long-range object detection and high-resolution multi-input multi-output (MIMO) system. This can be accomplished because the VAA radiation pattern is the multiplication of the radiation patterns for both the transmitting and receiving antenna arrays, which is different than each one of them alone. In this work, the VAA is utilized in radar systems in which the radar range depends on the multiplication of the gain of the transmitting and receiving antennas. So, we introduce a new scheme for the general design of VAA-based radars. A prototype for the antenna system was fixed on a of Texas Instruments platform for the cascading radar. One of the main problems of the VAA is the loss of radiated power in undesired directions, which affects the maximum detection range in beamforming systems and degrades the diversity gain in MIMO applications. These issues have been solved by the introduction of the practical implementation of a proposed high-gain, low side lobe level VAA system for automotive radar that is based on the integration of four AWR1243 RF chips operating in a frequency range of 76 GHz to 81 GHz. It was implemented using low-power 45 nm (TI) RFCMOS technology. The measured gain of the realized VAA was 47.2 dBi, which was 1.815 times higher than that of the Texas instrumentation linear frequency modulated continuous wave (TI’ LFMCW) radar, which was 26 dBi. The proposed VAA saved 45% of the required implementation area compared to the TI’ LFMCW antenna array. The VAA system was fabricated and tested in an anechoic chamber, and it was found that the simulated and measured patterns of the proposed VAA were highly matched in terms of half-power beamwidth and side lobe level.
Estimation of the Vehicle Speed Using Cross-Correlation Algorithms and MEMS Wireless Sensors
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Shen Shihui , Huang Hai , Wang Linbing
Published: March 2021

Traffic information is critical for pavement design, management, and health monitoring. Numerous in-pavement sensors have been developed and installed to collect the traffic volume and loading amplitude. However, limited attention has been paid to the algorithm of vehicle speed estimation. This research focuses on the estimation of the vehicle speed based on a cross-correlation method. A novel wireless micro-electromechanical sensor (MEMS), Smartrock is used to capture the triaxial acceleration, rotation, and stress data. The cross-correlation algorithms, i.e., normalized cross-correlation (NCC) algorithm, the smoothed coherence transform (SCOT) algorithm, and the phase transform (PHAT) algorithm, are applied to estimate the loading speed of an accelerated pavement test (APT) and the traffic speed in the field. The signal-noise-ratio (SNR) and the mean relative error (MRE) are utilized to evaluate the stability and accuracy of the algorithms. The results show that both the correlated noise and independent noise have significant influence in the field data. The SCOT algorithm is recommended for speed estimation with reasonable accuracy and stability because of a large SNR value and the lowest MRE value among the algorithms. The loading speed investigated in this study was within 50 km/h and further verification is needed for higher speed estimation.
Probable Causes of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Adams James David
Published: March 2021

A three-part mechanism is proposed for the induction of Alzheimer’s disease: (1) decreased blood lactic acid; (2) increased blood ceramide and adipokines; (3) decreased blood folic acid. The age-related nature of these mechanisms comes from age-associated decreased muscle mass, increased visceral fat and changes in diet. This mechanism also explains why many people do not develop Alzheimer’s disease. Simple changes in lifestyle and diet can prevent Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimer’s disease is caused by a cascade of events that culminates in damage to the blood–brain barrier and damage to neurons. The blood–brain barrier keeps toxic molecules out of the brain and retains essential molecules in the brain. Lactic acid is a nutrient to the brain and is produced by exercise. Damage to endothelial cells and pericytes by inadequate lactic acid leads to blood–brain barrier damage and brain damage. Inadequate folate intake and oxidative stress induced by activation of transient receptor potential cation channels and endothelial nitric oxide synthase damage the blood–brain barrier. NAD depletion due to inadequate intake of nicotinamide and alterations in the kynurenine pathway damages neurons. Changes in microRNA levels may be the terminal events that cause neuronal death leading to Alzheimer’s disease. A new mechanism of Alzheimer’s disease induction is presented involving lactic acid, ceramide, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor α, folate, nicotinamide, kynurenine metabolites and microRNA.
Labouring in the Sex Industry: A Conversation with Sex Workers on Consent and Exploitation
Authors: Tremblay Francine
Published: March 2021

Sex work in all its forms is an occupation that belongs to the service industry, and like any other work, sexual labour is open to exploitation. However, the reason why sex work is seen to be different from other forms of labour is that it betrays the socially accepted rules of love and intimacy and is exercised within a criminalised environment. As a cultural symbol, sex work remains steadfastly linked to aberration and dangerousness. This article juxtaposes the legal and lay definitions of consent and exploitation based on conversations with fourteen Canadian sex workers. The objective of this exploratory article is to delve within two ill-defined and highly contested notions related to the sex industry—consent and exploitation.
Retail Potential for Upcycled Foods: Evidence from New Zealand
Authors: Goodman-Smith Francesca , Bhatt Siddharth , Moore Robyn , Mirosa Miranda , Ye Hongjun , Deutsch Jonathan , Suri Rajneesh
Published: March 2021

Food waste is a problem that manifests throughout the food supply chain. A promising solution that can mitigate the food waste problem across various stages of the food supply chain is upcycling food ingredients that would otherwise be wasted by converting them into new upcycled food products. This research explores perception of upcycled foods from a panel of 1001 frequent shoppers at a large grocery retailer in New Zealand. Findings from this research uncover several hitherto unexamined aspects of consumers’ evaluations of upcycled foods. These include consumers’ indications about shelf placements of upcycled foods, willingness to buy upcycled foods for people or pets other than themselves, and consumers’ preferences about information pertaining to these foods. This research advances our understanding of how consumers perceive upcycled foods and provides actionable insights to practitioners in the food industry.
Diversity of Medicinal Plants among Different Tree Canopies
Authors: Zubair Muhammad , Jamil Akash , Hussain Syed Bilal , Ul Haq Ahsan , Hussain Ahmad , Zahid Din Muhammad , Hashem Abeer , Alqarawi Abdulaziz A. , Abd_Allah Elsayed Fathi
Published: March 2021

The moist temperate forests in Northern Pakistan are home to a variety of flora and fauna that are pivotal in sustaining the livelihoods of the local communities. In these forests, distribution and richness of vegetation, especially that of medicinal plants, is rarely reported. In this study, we carried out a vegetation survey in District Balakot, located in Northeastern Pakistan, to characterize the diversity of medicinal plants under different canopies of coniferous forest. The experimental site was divided into three major categories (viz., closed canopy, open spaces, and partial tree cover). A sampling plot of 100 m2 was established on each site to measure species diversity, dominance, and evenness. To observe richness and abundance, the rarefaction and rank abundance curves were plotted. Results revealed that a total of 45 species representing 34 families were available in the study site. Medicinal plants were the most abundant (45%) followed by edible plants (26%). Tree canopy cover affected the overall growth of medicinal plants on the basis of abundance and richness. The site with partial canopy exhibited the highest diversity, dominance, and abundance compared to open spaces and closed canopy. These findings are instrumental in identifying the wealth of the medicinal floral diversity in the northeastern temperate forest of Balakot and the opportunity to sustain the livelihoods of local communities with the help of public/private partnership.
An Efficient Strategy for Enhancing the Adsorption Capabilities of Biochar via Sequential KMnO4-Promoted Oxidative Pyrolysis and H2O2 Oxidation
Authors: Bian Siyao , Xu Shuang , Yin Zhibing , Liu Sen , Li Jihui , Xu Shuying , Zhang Yucang
Published: March 2021

In this study, sequential KMnO4-promoted oxidative pyrolysis and H2O2 oxidation were employed to upgrade the adsorption capacities of durian shell biochar for methylene blue (MB) and tetracycline (TC) in an aqueous solution. It was found that the KMnO4/H2O2 co-modification was greatly influenced by pyrolysis temperature and the optimal temperature was 300 °C. Moreover, a low concentration of H2O2 enabled the improvement of the adsorption capabilities greatly with the catalysis of pre-impregnated manganese oxides, addressing the shortcoming of single H2O2 modification. The co-modified biochar exhibited high adsorption capabilities for MB and TC, remarkably surpassed KMnO4- and H2O2- modified biochars as well as pristine biochar. The increase of adsorption capabilities could be mainly contributed to the incorporation of MnOx and carboxyl by KMnO4-promoted oxidative decomposition and Mn-catalyzed H2O2 oxidation. This would provide a novel and efficient method for preparing highly adsorptive biochar using sequential KMnO4-promoted oxidative pyrolysis and H2O2 oxidation.
Developing an Indicator-Based Framework to Measure Sustainable Tourism in Romania. A Territorial Approach
Authors: Mitrică Bianca , Şerban Paul-Răzvan , Mocanu Irena , Damian Nicoleta , Grigorescu Ines , Dumitraşcu Monica , Dumitrică Cristina
Published: March 2021

Sustainable tourism is gaining importance in national agendas to encourage economic growth, social inclusion, and the protection of cultural and natural assets. More than 13 million tourists (10.6 mil. Romanians and 2.6 mil. foreigners) visited Romania in 2019, the fifth consecutive year of growth for the tourism sector. The authors have selected 10 statistical indicators to highlight the main components for tourism sustainability by using the principal component analysis (PCA). The current patterns of sustainable development of tourism and the territorial inequalities at a micro-scale were assessed based on a sustainable tourism index (STI). In addition, to observe the way indicators interact and determine each other and to analyze the territorial disparities, the hierarchical ascending classification was used. The study was performed using the statistical data available at NUTS5/LAU level provided by the National Institute of Statistics. In addition, various data and information extracted from documents published by the UNWTO, National Institute for Research and Development in Tourism, the World Bank, EUROSTAT, etc., were also used. By applying an STI, the authors were able to assess the tourism development level at a national scale in Romania, delineating the most advantaged/disadvantaged areas. The analysis of sustainable tourism in Romania shows that tourism performance is more consolidated in the big cities, the Black Sea coast, the Danube Delta and the Carpathian Mountains. Studies such as the present one are meant to provide a methodological framework that will be useful to perform a quantitative assessment of the sustainable level of tourism development in terms of economic, social and environmental performance.
Thawing Permafrost in Arctic Coastal Communities: A Framework for Studying Risks from Climate Change
Authors: Larsen Joan Nymand , Schweitzer Peter , Abass Khaled , Doloisio Natalia , Gartler Susanna , Ingeman-Nielsen Thomas , Ingimundarson Jón Haukur , Jungsberg Leneisja , Meyer Alexandra , Rautio Arja , Scheer Johanna , Timlin Ulla , Vanderlinden Jean-Paul , Vullierme Magali
Published: March 2021

Thawing permafrost creates risks to the environment, economy and culture in Arctic coastal communities. Identification of these risks and the inclusion of the societal context and the relevant stakeholder involvement is crucial in risk management and for future sustainability, yet the dual dimensions of risk and risk perception is often ignored in conceptual risk frameworks. In this paper we present a risk framework for Arctic coastal communities. Our framework builds on the notion of the dual dimensions of risk, as both physically and socially constructed, and it places risk perception and the coproduction of risk management with local stakeholders as central components into the model. Central to our framework is the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration. A conceptual model and processual framework with a description of successive steps is developed to facilitate the identification of risks of thawing permafrost in a collaboration between local communities and scientists. Our conceptual framework motivates coproduction of risk management with locals in the identification of these risks from permafrost thaw and the development of adaptation and mitigation strategies.
The Role of Regulatory Focus and Emotion Recognition Bias in Cross-Cultural Negotiation
Authors: Han Donghee , Park Hyewon , Rhee Seung-Yoon
Published: March 2021

Prior research on cross-cultural negotiation has emphasized the cognitive and the behavioral elements. This study takes a different perspective and presents a motivation–emotion model of cross-cultural negotiation. We propose that the cultural differences in chronic regulatory focus will lead to cultural biases in emotion recognition, which in turn will affect negotiation behaviors. People are inclined to perceive and behave in ways that enhance regulatory fit. Westerners and East Asians, who each have different chronic regulatory focus, are likely to interpret the negotiation situation differently in order to increase their regulatory fit. Specifically, this study proposes that when the emotion of the opponent is ambiguous, people from different cultural backgrounds may show cultural biases in emotion recognition, concentrating on the emotion that fits their chronic regulatory focus. Drawing on the Emotion as Social Information (EASI) model, this study discusses how these cultural biases in emotion recognition can affect people’s negotiation behaviors. Finally, some possible moderators of the motivation–emotion model including power and emotion recognition accuracy are suggested to promote sustainable practices in cross-cultural negotiation.
Multimodal Data Based Regression to Monitor Air Pollutant Emission in Factories
Authors: Wu Hao , Gao Xinwei
Published: March 2021

Air pollution originating from anthropogenic emission, which is an important factor for environmental policy to regulate the sustainable development of enterprises and the environment. However, the missing or mislabeled discharge data make it impossible to apply this strategy in practice. In order to solve this challenge, we firstly discover that the energy consumption in a factory and the air pollutants are linearly related. Given this observation, we propose a support vector regression based Single-location recovery model to recover the air pollutant emission by using the energy consumption data in a factory. To further improve the precision of air pollutant emission estimation, we proposed a Gaussian process regression based multiple-location recovery model to estimate and recover the missing or mislabeled air pollutant emission from surrounding available air quality readings, collected by the government’s air quality monitoring station. Moreover, we optimally combine the two approaches to achieve the accurate air air pollutant emission estimation. To our best of knowledge, this is the first paper for monitoring the air pollutant emission taking both a factory’s energy consumption and government’s air quality readings into account. The research model in this article uses actual data(10,406,880 entries of data including weather, PM 2.5, date, etc.) from parts of Shandong Province, China. The dataset contains 33 factories (5 types) and we use the co-located air quality monitoring station as ground truth. The results show that, our proposed single-location recovery, multi-location recovery, and combined method could acquire the mean absolute error of 8.45, 9.69, and 7.25, respectively. The method has consistent accurate prediction behavior among 5 different factory types, shows a promising potential to be applied in broader locations and application areas, and outperforms the existing spatial interpolation based methods by 43.8%.
Evaluation of Motivational Learning Strategies for Children with Dyslexia: A FORDYSVAR Proposal for Education and Sustainable Innovation
Authors: Cano Sonia Rodríguez , Alonso Patricia Sebastián , Benito Vanesa Delgado , Villaverde Vanesa Ausín
Published: March 2021

This study was part of the European project Erasmus+ FORDYSVAR, whose main objective is to contribute to the educational inclusion of students aged between 10 and 16 with dyslexia through the use of technology. The purpose of this study was to analyze the motivation of students with dyslexia during their learning process and to assess whether technology can be a motivating educational tool to create sustainable educational spaces at a social level. It used a descriptive, transversal, and correlational methodology to determine whether the participating sample showed motivation in the learning process. In order to answer this hypothesis, we designed a data collection instrument that included a motivational assessment questionnaire of the learning. The participants were students with dyslexia aged between 10 and 16 (N = 30). The results obtained allowed us to conclude that information and communication technologies can be used as a motivating educational strategy for students with dyslexia. The conclusions drawn were consistent with previous research showing that the use of technology for educational purposes can contribute to student motivation.
A Systematic Review on Social Sustainability of Artificial Intelligence in Product Design
Authors: Lee Keeheon
Published: March 2021

Emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence help operations management achieve sustainability. However, in sustainable operations management studies, scholars pay less attention to product design, which can be highly affected by artificial intelligence. In addition, sustainability is perceived as maintaining economic development while limiting environmental harm caused by human activity. Therefore, social sustainability is treated as peripheral compared to economic and environmental sustainability. However, social sustainability now has gained more attention because it is the basis on which meaningful economic and environmental sustainability can be valid. Thus, I systematically reviewed present studies on product design considering artificial intelligence to understand what types of social sustainability are achieved when applying artificial intelligence to product design. This study discovered artificial intelligence can improve social sustainability in product design, but social sustainability diversity is necessary. These findings can contribute to the inclusion of different types of social sustainability in product design when using artificial intelligence.
Unlock the Potentials to Further Improve CO2 Storage and Utilization with Supercritical CO2 Emulsions When Applying CO2-Philic Surfactants
Authors: Ren Guangwei , Ren Bo , Li Songyan , Zhang Chao
Published: March 2021

Supercritical CO2 (ScCO2) emulsion has attracted lots of attention, which could benefit both climate control via CO2 storage and industry revenue through significantly increased oil recovery simultaneously. Historically, aqueous soluble surfactants have been widely used as stabilizers, though they suffer from slow propagation, relatively high surfactant adsorption and well injectivity issues. In contrast, the CO2-soluble surfactants could improve the emulsion performance remarkably, due to their CO2-philicity. Here, comprehensive comparison studies are carried out from laboratory experiments to field scale simulations between a commercially available aqueous soluble surfactant (CD 1045) and a proprietary nonionic CO2-philic surfactant whose solubility in ScCO2 and partition coefficient between ScCO2/Brine have been determined. Surfactant affinity to employed oil is indicated by a phase behavior test. Static adsorptions on Silurian dolomite outcrop are conducted to gain the insights of its electro-kinetic properties. Coreflooding experiments are carried out with both consolidated 1 ft Berea sandstone and Silurian dolomite to compare the performances as a result of surfactant natures under two-phase conditions, while harsher conditions are examined on fractured carbonate with presence of an oleic phase. Moreover, the superiorities of ScCO2 foam with CO2-philic surfactant due to dual phase partition capacity are illustrated with field scale simulations. ScCO2 and WAG injections behaviors are used as baselines, while the performances of two types of CO2 emulsions are compared with SAG injection, characterized by phase saturations, CO2 storage, oil production, CO2 utilization ratio and pressure distribution. A novel injection strategy, named CO2 continuous injection with dissolved surfactant (CIDS), which is unique for a CO2-philic surfactant, is also studied. It is found that the CO2-soluble surfactant displays much lower oil affinity and adsorption on carbonate than CD 1045. Furthermore, in a laboratory scale, a much higher foam propagation rate is observed with the novel surfactant, which is mainly ascribed to its CO2 affinity, assisted by the high mobility of the CO2 phase. Field scale simulations clearly demonstrate the potentials of CO2 emulsion on CO2 storage and oil recovery over conventional tertiary productions. Relative to traditional aqueous soluble surfactant emulsion, the novel surfactant emulsion contributes to higher injectivity, CO2 storage capability, oil recovery and energy utilization efficiency. The CIDS could further reduce water injection cost and energy consumption. The findings here reveal the potentials of further improving CO2 storage and utilization when applying ScCO2-philic surfactant emulsion, to compromise both environmental and economic concerns.
Development of an Immunofluorescence Assay Module for Determination of the Mycotoxin Zearalenone in Water
Authors: Gémes Borbála , Takács Eszter , Gádoros Patrik , Barócsi Attila , Kocsányi László , Lenk Sándor , Csákányi Attila , Kautny Szabolcs , Domján László , Szarvas Gábor , Adányi Nóra , Nabok Alexei , Mörtl Mária , Székács András
Published: March 2021

Project Aquafluosense is designed to develop prototypes for a fluorescence-based instrumentation setup for in situ measurements of several characteristic parameters of water quality. In the scope of the project an enzyme-linked fluorescent immunoassay (ELFIA) method has been developed for the detection of several environmental xenobiotics, including mycotoxin zearalenone (ZON). ZON, produced by several plant pathogenic Fusarium species, has recently been identified as an emerging pollutant in surface water, presenting a hazard to aquatic ecosystems. Due to its physico-chemical properties, detection of ZON at low concentrations in surface water is a challenging task. The 96-well microplate-based fluorescence instrument is capable of detecting ZON in the concentration range of 0.09–400 ng/mL. The sensitivity and accuracy of the analytical method has been demonstrated by a comparative assessment with detection by high-performance liquid chromatography and by total internal reflection ellipsometry. The limit of detection of the method, 0.09 ng/mL, falls in the low range compared to the other reported immunoassays, but the main advantage of this ELFIA method is its efficacy in combined in situ applications for determination of various important water quality parameters detectable by induced fluorimerty—e.g., total organic carbon content, algal density or the level of other organic micropollutants detectable by immunofluorimetry. In addition, the immunofluorescence module can readily be expanded to other target analytes if proper antibodies are available for detection.
SAMHD1 … and Viral Ways around It
Authors: Deutschmann Janina , Gramberg Thomas
Published: March 2021

The SAM and HD domain-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) is a dNTP triphosphohydrolase that plays a crucial role for a variety of different cellular functions. Besides balancing intracellular dNTP concentrations, facilitating DNA damage repair, and dampening excessive immune responses, SAMHD1 has been shown to act as a major restriction factor against various virus species. In addition to its well-described activity against retroviruses such as HIV-1, SAMHD1 has been identified to reduce the infectivity of different DNA viruses such as the herpesviruses CMV and EBV, the poxvirus VACV, or the hepadnavirus HBV. While some viruses are efficiently restricted by SAMHD1, others have developed evasion mechanisms that antagonize the antiviral activity of SAMHD1. Within this review, we summarize the different cellular functions of SAMHD1 and highlight the countermeasures viruses have evolved to neutralize the restriction factor SAMHD1.
Distributed-Framework Basin Modeling System: I. Overview and Model Coupling
Authors: Wang Chuanhai , Hua Wenjuan , Chen Gang , Fang Xing , Li Xiaoning
Published: March 2021

To better simulate the river basin hydrological cycle and to solve practical engineering application issues, this paper describes the distributed-framework basin modeling system (DFBMS), which concatenate a professional hydrological model system, a geographical integrated system, and a database management system. DFBMS has two cores, which are the distributed-frame professional modeling system (DF-PMS) and the double-object sharing structure (DOSS). An area/region that has the same mechanism of runoff generation and/or movement is defined as one type of hydrological feature unit (HFU). DF-PMS adopts different kinds of HFUs to simulate the whole watershed hydrological cycle. The HFUs concept is the most important component of DF-PMS, enabling the model to simulate the hydrological process with empirical equations or physical-based submodules. Based on the underlying source code, the sharing uniform data structure, named DOSS, is proposed to accomplish the integration of a hydrological model and geographical information system (GIS), which is a new way of exploring temporal GIS. DFBMS has different numerical schemes including conceptual and distributed models. The feasibility and practicability of DFBMS are proven through its application in different study areas.
PERCEPÇÃO DOS CONSUMIDORES DE PROTEÍNA ANIMAL SOBRE O BEM-ESTAR DOS ANIMAIS DE PRODUÇÃO NO MUNICIPIO DE PARAUAPEBAS, PARÁ, BRASIL
Authors: Abreu Meyse Leal de , Dantas Gabriel da Silva , Silva Welligton Conceição da , Barbosa Antônio Vinicius Corrêa , Silva Jamile Andréa Rodrigues da
Published: March 2021

Objetivou-se avaliar o nível de conhecimento dos consumidores de produtos de origem animal a respeito do bem-estar dos animais de produção, na cidade de Parauapebas-Pará, Brasil. Foram aplicados questionários contendo dez questões relacionadas ao tema bem-estar animal, totalizando 342 entrevistados, escolhidos de forma aleatória, considerando-se quatro perguntas de cunho socioeconômico, cujos entrevistados foram organizados em seis níveis educacionais e cinco níveis de renda familiar. A pesquisa foi realizada em feiras, açougues, mini mercados e duas grandes redes de supermercados da cidade de Parauapebas, em bairros diferentes, para abranger público com níveis distintos de renda e que de estivessem, de preferência, consumindo ou adquirindo produtos de origem animal. Os dados coletados foram analisados por teste não paramétrico de significância a 5%. Percebeu-se que os consumidores com melhor nível de escolaridade e com renda mais elevada estão dispostos a pagar por um produto de melhor qualidade e durabilidade e acreditam que com o avanço do conhecimento em relação ao bem-estar os produtos certificados passaram a ser mais acessível a consumidores menos favorecidos.
Influence of environmental factors on the working rhythm
in a clothing industry
Authors: LAKHAL AMIRA , SEJRI NEJIB , JAAFAR FADHEL , CHAABOUNI YASSINE , CHEIKHROUHOU MORCHED
Published: March 2021

The working environment is an essential element for the health and safety of the work and for the improvement of
productivity. So, the conditions in the clothing industry are the most productive of occupational diseases such as MSDs,
deafness and eye diseases. In this paper, we made an analysis of the environment in a clothing industry for each
workplace using the NF EN ISO 2612 standard to analyze the level of sound exposure, the standard NBN EN 12464-1
is used to analyze the level of light for a sewing workplace. The noise level varies between 73 dBA and 90.5 dBA
depending on the type of workplace. The lighting at the working zone varies between 240 lx and 1100 lx. The average
temperature level varies between 28°C for the ironing stations and 26°C for the other stations and the average humidity
level is 50%. The percentage of quality varies between 0 and 5%. An objective method was developed to determine the
general pace of a sewing post which contains the atmosphere factors with regard to the noise level, the lighting level,
the level of quality, the temperature level and the humidity. According to these parameters, the average pace of the
studied group decreased from 98 to 78.
Clothing development process towards a circular model
Authors: AVADANEI MANUELA , OLARU SABINA , IONESCU IRINA , FLOREA ADELA , CURTEZA ANTONELA , LOGHIN EMIL-CONSTANTIN , DULGHERIU IONUT , RADU DORU CEZAR
Published: March 2021

The textile and clothing industry uses many resources. It causes a lot of environmental problems: water pollution,
consuming a massive amount of raw materials, energy, chemicals, etc. The garments are produced to be worn and
cleaned several times, and their lifespan is considerably reduced. Over 60% of what the consumer buys, becomes
unuseful (either the consumer forgot what he/she has, or the product is not fashionable anymore, or it does not fit). It is
compulsory and essential to understand the necessity of creating a new balance between the use of resources, the
lifespan of the products and consumer behaviour. Closing the loop and building a new understanding of how the textile
and clothing industry can exist is the key to the future – to develop and implement the circular business model. This type
of business implies some changes in the production flow: the materials are recycled in several rounds, the design
process has to take into account several lifecycles of the items (with the same destination or a different one), the
products are designed to be re-included in a system where it is possible, and the consumer has to be educated to accept
these categories of products. Each stage of the production process has to be sustainable, environmentally friendly and
with a low production cost. In terms of a sustainable design process, this paper presents the main stages of the
designing process of a garment (leisure sports jacket), with a versatile shape and usage (garment/ backpack). The
garment is designed and manufactured to allow and the vice-versa transformation without any technological
modifications. By using a creative and feasible design and manufacturing solution, the waste of worn garments will be
considerably reduced, and the product lifespan prolonged, as much as it is possible.
Assessing the environmental profit and loss of the textile industry:
A case study in China
Authors: CHU JIANG , SUN LIRONG , CHEN FANGLI , JI XIANG , TIAN ZEJUN , WANG LAILI
Published: March 2021

The textile industry contributes a lot to China’s economy in history and present. However, it also causes serious impacts
on the environment. Environmental prices methodology was proposed to convert various environmental impacts into
corresponding social marginal value and it can be applied for the evaluation of the environmental loads. This study
applied environmental prices methodology to calculate the social marginal value of the caused environmental impacts
in China’s textile industry during the period from 2001 to 2015. The results showed that the minimum value of caused
environmental impacts was €9.556 billion and the maximum value was €16.599 billion. Among the three sub-industries
of China’s textile industry, Manufacture of Textile had the highest value, followed by Manufacture of Chemical Fibers,
and Manufacture of Textile, Wearing Apparel and Accessories. The value of greenhouse effect caused by CO2 emission
was the largest. The value of ammonia nitrogen in wastewater was the largest and followed by the values of COD, As,
cyanide, Hg, Pb and Cd. An in-depth analysis of the results indicated that the social marginal value of the textile industry
closely related to the scale of the industry, the international market and government policies.
New composite materials using polyester woven fabric scraps
as reinforcement and thermoplastic matrix
Authors: AILENEI EUGEN CONSTANTIN , LOGHIN MARIA CARMEN , ICHIM MARIANA , HOBLEA ALIN
Published: March 2021

In this study, polypropylene-based thermoformed composites have been obtained using polyester woven fabric scraps
as reinforcement. Four types of matrix have been used for the experiments: biaxially oriented polypropylene bag waste
(BOPP), polypropylene nonwoven waste (TNT), 50/50 BOPP/TNT waste and virgin polypropylene fibres (PP). The
percentage of matrix has been varied at four levels: 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%. The effect of matrix/reinforcement mass
ratio and matrix type on the mechanical properties of composite materials has been studied. Since the composite
materials are intended to replace the oriented strand boards (OSB) in construction and furniture applications,
comparison with the characteristics of 8 mm OSB has been made.
L’onomasiologie comme principe constituant de la néonymie diachronique
Authors: Humbley John
Published: March 2021

La démarche onomasiologique se prête bien à la découverte et à l’analyse de la néologie scientifique et technique historique. Puisqu’elle englobe l’ensemble d’un vocabulaire en constitution, elle permet de dégager les grands mouvements du lexique spécialisé. Après un passage en revue des attitudes à l’égard de l’onomasiologie en terminologie et en néologie, l’article présente l’analyse de la description de la fleur et du fruit de l’abricotier dans quatre dictionnaires encyclopédiques du XVIIIe siècle, qui fait ressortir, au-delà de la néologie, l’émergence d’une langue de spécialité scientifique.
Portrait morphologique du lexique économique en langue espagnole au début du XIXe siècle : équilibre entre nouveauté et tradition
Authors: de Hoyos José Carlos
Published: March 2021

Cet article étudie la morphologie de la langue espagnole au début du XIXe siècle dans le domaine de l’économie. Le corpus étudié est la nomenclature (Épitomé) annexée au Traité d’économie politique (éditions de 1814 et de 1819) de l’économiste français Jean-Baptiste Say, traduit en espagnol par Manuel María Gutiérrez (1816) et Juan Sánchez Rivera (1821).
La circulation des emprunts néologiques dans le domaine de la mode en tchèque et en français dans une perspective diachronique
Authors: Mudrochová Radka , Lazar Jan
Published: March 2021

L’objectif de cette communication est de comparer un échantillon d’emprunts néologiques du domaine de la mode en français et en tchèque. L’idée de la conception comparative évoquée dans le titre de l’article puise dans le projet international intitulé « EmpNéo » (Emprunts Néologiques), projet visant à confronter et à examiner la diffusion des emprunts néologiques dans diverses langues. Dans cette étude, nous analyserons les termes récents de la mode vestimentaire apparus respectivement dans les deux langues. Le corpus est fondé sur nos propres connaissances et expériences quotidiennes du thème et sur un lexique repéré dans la presse écrite. Cette restriction méthodologique – ne travailler que sur un corpus issu des périodiques – correspond à l’esprit du projet en question. L’objectif principal est de décrire la présence des lexèmes choisis dans les deux langues et de comparer leur existence dans les différents types de documents, leur diffusion, ainsi que leur nature et leur place dans les deux langues étudiées.
Principes et fonctions de la métaphore en langue de spécialité dans un cadre cognitiviste
Authors: Jamet Denis , Terry Adeline
Published: March 2021

Cet article présente la vision cognitiviste de la métaphore et de ses utilisations, notamment en langue de spécialité. Il ne s’agit nullement d’une étude de corpus, fondée sur un nombre important de discours de spécialité spécifiques, mais plutôt d’une introduction aux différents courants et principes structurant la théorie de la métaphore conceptuelle. La première partie expose les principes fondateurs de la linguistique cognitive et la vision qu’elle propose de la métaphore : le processus métaphorique n’est pas seulement linguistique, mais découle de la cognition humaine qui a – entre autres – pour caractéristique d’établir des analogies entre des domaines conceptuels assez, voire totalement différents. Après une brève description des principales fonctions dévolues à la métaphore, la seconde partie de l’article aborde la question de la métaphore appliquée aux langues de spécialité. Ces fonctions seront plus particulièrement détaillées et illustrées par le biais d’énoncés métaphoriques empruntés au domaine de spécialité de la crise économique en anglais, en allemand et en français.
Faul oder notleidend? Überlegungen zur Integration von Frame- und Framing-Analyse am Beispiel metaphorischer Konzeptualisierungen ausfallgefährdeter Kredite
Authors: Varga Simon
Published: March 2021

Metaphern sind eine der traditionellen Analyse­kategorien der Diskurs­linguistik germanistischer Prägung, diskurs­semantische Frame-Analysen eine ihrer etablierten Analyse­methoden. Auch das aus den Kommunikations- und Sozialwissenschaften stammende Konzept des Framing findet dort seit einigen Jahren immer stärkere Verbreitung. Im Zentrum des Interesses stehen hier verschiedene Arten von Framings, die sich in der Struktur semantischer Frames manifestieren und folglich mit Hilfe von Prädikations­analysen untersuchbar werden. Dabei wird zwischen der Type- und der Token-Ebene von Frames unterschieden: Auf der Type-Ebene manifestieren sich (metaphorische) Framings durch quantitative Unterschiede in der Verteilung von Füllwerten (Filler) auf die verschiedenen konzeptuellen Leerstellen (Slots) von Frames; auf der Token-Ebene durch qualitative Unterschiede in Bezug auf diese Füllwerte selbst. Metaphern nehmen dabei insofern eine besondere Stellung ein, als sie die Anschluss­möglichkeiten von Wissens­elementen sowohl auf der Type- als auch auf der Token-Ebene von Frames potenziell erweitern.