bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pedagoški diskurs romana Igra staklenim perlama Hermanna Hessea
Authors: Marchini Matea
Published: February 2024

U hrvatskoj znanstvenoj literaturi do sada nije objavljen rad koji bi kroz pedagoški aspekt analizirao i interpretirao roman Igra staklenim perlama Hermanna Hessea. Stoga je temeljni zadatak ovoga rada predstaviti analizu romana kroz pedagošku prizmu, čime je fokus stavljen na odgoj, učenje i obrazovanje protagonista Josefa Knechta tijekom različitih razdoblja njegova života. Osnovnoškolska faza razvoja donosi prve interakcije s okolinom, oblikuje stavove prema učenju i obrazovanju te ima utjecaj na oblikovanje njegove osobnosti. Srednjoškolsko obrazovanje označava sazrijevanje i suočavanje s izazovima. To je razdoblje kada se Knecht susreće s vlastitim interesima, pronalazi svoju individualnost i stvara čvršće stavove. Odnos s učiteljima, vršnjacima i obitelji ima ključan utjecaj na oblikovanje njegovih vrijednosti i shvaćanja društva. Visoko obrazovanje donosi intelektualni razvoj i priliku za istraživanje vlastitih interesa, a Knechtov put kroz ovu fazu obrazovanja pruža uvid u njegovo stvaralaštvo, usvajanje novih znanja i stvaranje identiteta. Osim formalnog obrazovanja, utjecaj odnosa s učiteljima, prijateljima i obitelji nastavlja oblikovati njegov karakter. Analiza ovoga procesa kroz pedagoški aspekt omogućuje uvid u to kako su različite faze obrazovanja oblikovale Knechtovu osobnost i perspektivu. Istovremeno, istražuje se kako su učitelji, obitelj, prijatelji i školsko okruženje imali važnu ulogu u njegovu formiranju. Ovakav pristup interpretaciji, odnosno analizi, također pomaže u razumijevanju funkcioniranja teorije pedagogije u praksi, koristeći roman kao ilustraciju različitih pedagoških koncepta i njihov utjecaj na razvoj mlade osobe.
Research of CdS/L-cystein colloid solutions using the method of mathematical planning
Authors: Krupko Olena
Published: February 2024

In the work, the additive effect of the content of crystal-forming ions Сd2+ and S2- and the stabilizer L-Cys using the method of mathematical planning of the experiment on the process of formation of CdS/L-Cys nanoparticles in potentially oxidizing conditions (without deaeration of precursor solutions) and the optical properties of colloidal solutions were investigated. obtained under conditions of pH = 7 and temperature of 220C. By statistical processing of the results, equations were obtained and diagrams of concentration dependences of the wavelength of the optical absorption edge of colloidal solutions of CdS semiconductor nanoparticles in the Сd2+ – L-Cys – S2- system were constructed.
Structural Changes in Paper on Pressing and Drying
Authors:   Pulp and Paper Research Institute of Canada, Montreal, Pye I. T. , Washburn O. V. ,   Pulp and Paper Research Institute of Canada, Montreal, Buchanan J. G. ,   Pulp and Paper Research Institute of Canada, Montreal
Published: February 2024

The scanning electron microscope has been used to observe changes in the structure of paper at different stages of pressing and drying. In the first experiments, beaten kraft pulp handsheets were subjected to various pressing and drying treatments. The structure at the solids content achieved was stabilised by freezing and drying by sublimation under vacuum. Photo micrographs show the collapse of the fibres and consolidation of the paper structure during processing. Samples of the web were obtained at positions from the wet end to the reel of operating kraft, bond and newsprint paper machines. As soon as the specimens were sampled, they were quickly frozen and later dried under vacuum in the laboratory. The influence of water removal on the web and fibre structure by pressing and drying is illustrated. The relative importance of fibre conformity and fine material differs for the three paper grades. Under pressure, fibres are deformed plastically, particularly at crossing points and asperities. Collapse of fibres on removal of water from the lumen and the fibre walls by drying can usually be distinguished from that produced by mechanical pressure.
Effects on Individual Fibres of Drying under Tension
Authors:   Department of Physics and Mathematics, The Institute of Paper Chemistry, Appleton, Wis., U.S.A., Van den Akker J. A. , Jentzen C. A. ,   Department of Physics and Mathematics, The Institute of Paper Chemistry, Appleton, Wis., U.S.A., Spiegelberg H. L. ,   Department of Physics and Mathematics, The Institute of Paper Chemistry, Appleton, Wis., U.S.A.
Published: February 2024

Following a review of the effects of machine- and cross-direction forces in the web during drying on the stress/strain properties of the finished paper,the nature of the axial forces in the individual fibres during tension drying is discussed in the light of the theory of the structure. The effects on the mechanical properties and structure of individual holocellulose pulp fibres of tension drying have been carefully investigated. An unusual extensional behaviour was observed at the onset of drying. It was found that tension during drying promoted substantial increments in tensile strength, Young’s modulus and crystallite orientation; generally, the spring wood fibres under went larger changes than the summer wood ultimate elongation was reduced and crystallinity remained unchanged. Partial removal of the hemicelluloses resulted in large decrements in tensile strength and Young’s modulus, a phenomenon not attributable to degradation of the fibre or to such side effects as swelling; the levels of these mechanical properties were reduced to those of ordinary pulp and cotton fibres. The relative enhancement of tensile strength and Young’s modulus in the extracted fibres caused by tension drying was much greater than that observed in the holocellulose pulp fibres, the latter property rising almost to that of the holocellulose fibres dried under load as the drying load was increased. The crystallinity of the extracted fibres (as determined by the method of half-width of a diffraction peak) was higher than that of the original holocellulose pulp, suggesting enhanced cellulose/cellulose bonding within the fibre, which, in turn, seems to account for the tension drying behaviour. Theory and experimental data relating to the possible effects of tension drying on the zero-span tensile strength of machine-made paper are presented. It is indicated that more work needs to be done in this area and, more generally, on the effect of tension drying of individual fibres on all the mechanical properties of paper.
Red Flags in Acute Myocarditis
Authors: Hashmani Shahrukh , Manla Yosef , Al Matrooshi Nadya , Bader Feras
Published: February 2024

Acute myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the heart that may occur in the setting of infection, immune system activation or exposure to certain drugs. Often, it is caused by viruses, whereby the clinical course is usually benign; however, it may also present with rapidly progressive fulminant myocarditis, which is associated with high morbidity and mortality. This review highlights the critical red flags – from the clinical, biochemical, imaging and histopathological perspectives – that should raise the index of suspicion of acute myocarditis. We also present an illustrative case of a young female patient with rapidly progressive cardiogenic shock requiring veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as a bridge to orthotopic heart transplantation. The patient showed no clinical or echocardiographic recovery signs and eventually underwent orthotopic heart transplantation. Furthermore, we elaborate on the classifications of acute myocarditis based on clinical presentation and histopathology classifications, focusing on identifying key red flags that will inform early diagnosis and appropriate management in such challenging cases.
Contraste entre las teorías de aprendizaje aplicadas en el aula actual: Una mirada hacia la hibridación de sus características específicas
Authors: Rojas Londoño David , Velasquez Cristina , Dillon Pérez Francisco Xavier
Published: February 2024

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue analizar si las prácticas docentes aplicadas en el aula de clases son replicadas en las jornadas de enseñanza y, si estas, generan como resultado aprendizajes significativos. Para ello, se realizó un estudio cuali-cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo e interpretativo con un de enfoque fenomenológico en una muestra de estudio de veinte docentes. Como instrumento de recolección de información se diseñó una ficha de observación estructurada misma que tenía los indicadores que permitieron identificar cuáles son las teorías de aprendizaje utilizadas con más frecuencia por los docentes y si estas, influyeron en los resultados de aprendizaje de sus estudiantes. Una de las principales conclusiones de este proceso de investigación se centró en determinar que, los docentes, utilizan muchas teorías de aprendizaje en su praxis educativa con la finalidad de mantener la disciplina, o con la finalidad de crear procesos memorísticos y estandarizados de aprendizaje; además, en el uso de estas prácticas los docentes, esperan que el estudiante se convierta en un ente reflexivo e intente alcanzar sus propios aprendizajes, aunque estos no sean evaluados de manera que pueda evidenciarse su consolidación.
The Capital Advantage: Comparing Returns to Ability in the Labor and Capital Markets
Authors:   Uppsala University, Sweden, Bastani Spencer , Karlsson Kristina ,   Uppsala University, Sweden, Kolsrud Jonas ,   Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Economics and Statistics, Waldenström Daniel ,   Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN), Sweden
Published: February 2024

Using administrative tax and military records, we show that cognitive ability is more strongly associated with capital income than with labor income. This result holds across intensive and extensive margins, across different income types, and after controlling for education, occupation, inheritance, and parental background. Higher ability individuals save more, are better at selecting high-return stocks, hold more risky assets, and are less likely to live hand-to-mouth. Capital market returns are higher for cognitive ability than for non-cognitive skills, and the difference is stable over time. Rising capital shares, fueled by technological progress, could therefore exacerbate cognitive ability-based economic inequality.
Prognostic implications of MXRA8 expression in colorectal cancer and its role in tumor progression
Authors: Belder Nevin
Published: February 2024

Matrix Remodeling Associated 8 (MXRA8) is a type I transmembrane protein capable of modulating integrin signaling and regulating cell-cell interactions, and also functions as a receptor for multiple arthritogenic alphaviruses. Although limited numbers of studies have provided evidence indicating a potential role of MXRA8 in different types of cancer, the potential contrubition of MXRA8 in colorectal cancer (CRC) has not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, our aim was to conduct a comprehensive analysis elucidating the prognostic value of MXRA8 in CRC. The results revealed that MXRA8 was highly expressed in CRC compared to normal tissue. Notably, there was a substantial correlation with the TNM stage, and elevated MXRA8 expression was indicative of a poorer prognosis in CRC cases. Furthermore, co-expression analysis indicated that MXRA8 is predominantly involved in hypoxia and epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathway. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the potential roles of MXRA8 in predicting CRC prognosis and contributes to the elucidation of how MXRA8 might be involved in the mechanisms underlying CRC carcinogenesis.
Тенденції розвитку фондового ринку україни
Authors: Цимбалюк Ю. А. , Власюк С. А.
Published: February 2024

В нинішніх умовах функціонування, фондовий ринок, як різновид фінансового ринку, займає визначальне місце у забезпеченні належного рівня економічного та фінансового розвитку кожної окремої країни. Розглянуто, що в Україні, діяльність фондового ринку визначено відповідною інфраструктурою, яка включає фондові біржі, торгівців цінними паперами, інвестиційні фонди, компанії тощо. Виявлено, що фондовий ринок, наразі, знаходиться в стадії розвитку, основними проблемами залишаються якість інфраструктури, неузгодженість нормативно-правової бази, недостатність відповідних фінансових інструментів, нестабільність фондового ринку, крихкість фінансової системи та ін., які потребують подальшого вирішення. На прикладі базових показників проаналізовано динаміку емісії акцій і облігацій, обсяг торгівлі фінансовими інструментами та основними видами цінних паперів, структуру біржового обороту фінансових інструментів за видами цінних паперів, а також обсяг торгівлі цінними паперами на первинному та вторинному біржових ринках за 2014-2022 рр. Запропоновано, для формування і стимулювання дієздатного та ефективного фондового ринку в Україні вдосконалити механізм забезпечення прозорості та доступності фінансових інструментів, шляхом посилення державної підтримки в цьому контексті, забезпечуючи прозорість угод та певну форму захисту інституту інвестування шляхом запровадження сертифікованого програмного забезпечення. Адаптація міжнародного досвіду щодо функціонування фондового ринку в цілому, та його складових, надає можливість реалізації сучасних підходів відносно впровадження новітніх платформ, програм та інших фінансових продуктів, що дозволить розширити спектр дії фондового ринку.
On the Existence and Uniqueness of a Positive Solution to a Boundary Value Problem for a Nonlinear Ordinary DifferentialFourth Order Equation
Authors:   Dagestan State University, Abduragimov Gusen , Abduragimova Patimat ,   Dagestan State University, Kuramagomedova Madina ,   Dagestan State University
Published: February 2024

The article deals with the boundary value problem. This problem is reduced to an equivalent integral equation, the kernel of which is the Green’s function. Using the well-known Go—Krasnoselsky theorem, we prove the existence of at least one positive solution in some cone of the problem under consideration. Further, using a priori estimates, relying on the principle of compressed mappings, the uniqueness of such a solution is established. In conclusion, an example illustrating the results obtained is given.
Computer Simulations of the Heat Transfer Process in Heterogeneous Media Using Parallel Computing Technologies
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Prokhorov Stanislav , Ten Anastasiya ,   Volgograd State University
Published: February 2024

This paper studied a two-dimensional linear equation of thermal conductivity with a fractional differentiation order and compiled a computational algorithm for its numerical solution. Fractional derivatives in space and time were represented using the Riemann—Liouville definition, and the Grunwald— Letnikov definition with a shift was used to approximate them. Based on the computational algorithm, a program was written for computer modeling of the heat exchange process in heterogeneous environments. A version of the program has been developed using OpenMP parallel computing technology. The computer model has been tested by a number of numerical experiments to solve the problem of thermal momentum propagation. Based on the modeling results, the effect of fractional differentiation order on the thermal conductivity process was studied.
The Effect of an Alternating Electric Field on the DPPC Membrane System in an Aqueous NaCl Solution
Authors:   Volgograd State Technical University, Zlochevskiy Ilya , Zav’yalov Dmitry ,   Volgograd State Technical University
Published: February 2024

The paper presents a study of the influence of an alternating electric field on a DPPC membrane immersed in an aqueous solution with NaCl ions. The coarse-grained model of the DPPC membrane was used in the work. Molecular dynamics simulation was carried out using the GROMACS molecular dynamics package. The analysis of the results was based on the registration of changes in the charge distribution of such groups of particles as: PO4, NC3, Na and Cl. In order to identify the properties characteristic of a capacitor in this system, the dependence of the value of the total charge of Na and Cl ions on the potential difference on the box of the system under study was calculated and electrophysical properties of lipid membranes effects was studied.
Different Coordinate Systems and Periodicity
Authors:   Moscow Institute of Radiotechnics, Electronics and Automatics — RTU, Pavlov Andrey
Published: February 2024

In the article we consider a two new systems of coordinate for the p,w complex variables. The centers of coordinates of the systems are located in the (0, 0), (−A, 0) points, A > 0. With point of view of the centers we obtain some new equations of the (p, f(p)) set of points for the f(p) function. The consideration of the equations results in periodicity of the f(p) function, if the f(p) function is regular in some open G set of points. Similar theorems are proved for the irregular functions. The example of two reverse functions for a new system of coordinates is resulted. The theorem is proved about the f(p) = 0 equality for wide class of regular functions, if Im p = 0.
Inferences on the influences of age & porosity on oxidative weathering of seafloor massive sulfide deposits at the endeavour segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge
Authors:   , Herrera Erica L.
Published: February 2024

Hydrothermal activity at mid-ocean ridge spreading centers occurs during the formation of new oceanic crust and is responsible for the accumulation of mineral deposits comprised mainly of inorganic metal sulfides that precipitate from mixtures of seawater and high-temperature, sulfide-rich, oxygen-poor vent fluid. These mineral aggregates are known as seafloor massive sulfide deposits and occupy unique biogeochemical niches that remain largely unexplored. Upon the cessation of hydrothermal activity, massive sulfide deposits undergo alteration via both biotically- and abiotically-mediated geochemical reactions. These processes are collectively described as oxidative weathering. While the observed textures of these deposits suggest significant variation in weathering rates, neither the causes of this variation nor the drivers that govern biogeochemical oxidation of massive sulfides are well-characterized. To begin to describe the mechanisms that dictate these processes, massive sulfide samples were collected from deposits along the Endeavour Segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge. Coupled synchrotron-based X-ray Absorption Near Edge Spectroscopy (XANES) and X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) microscopy were utilized to create comprehensive redox maps that allow for characterization of the localized redox environment and identification of weathering products. These techniques are a powerful and so far underutilized tool with which to examine the geochemical landscapes of seafloor massive sulfide deposits. Mineral identifications and spatial distributions were corroborated with optical microscopy and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The Juan de Fuca Ridge massive sulfide samples are composed of iron-sulfide phases, primarily pyrite (FeS2), with minor amounts of other metal-bearing sulfides, such as sphalerite ((Zn,Fe)S2) , wurtzite ((Zn,Fe)S2), and cubanite (CuFe2S3). The samples contain rinds comprised of oxides and (primarily iron-bearing) clays that occur along massive sulfide exteriors and within pore channels. Greater amounts of secondary oxides and clays are observed concurrent with increased porosity and internal pore distribution and are inferred to be products of weathering. This study contributes to current understanding of the mineralogy and composition of seafloor massive sulfide deposits and provides new insight into relationships between age, porosity, and oxidative weathering.
Gender characteristics of the prevalence of noncommunicable diseases in the adult population of the Vladimir region
Authors: Mamedov M. N. , Sushkova L. T. , Isakov R. V. , Kutsenko V. A. , Drapkina O. A.
Published: February 2024

Aim. To assess the prevalence of major noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) taking into account gender characteristics in a random sample of adults in 5 cities of the Vladimir region.

Material and methods. This cross-sectional population-based study (May 2018 — March 2020) included 1350 people (men and women aged 30-69 years) from 5 cities of the Vladimir region. The response rate was 87%. A total of 1174 people completed the study. Of these, 424 (36,1%) were men and 750 (63,9%) women. Respondents were surveyed using a standard questionnaire prepared by the National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, which included socio-demographic characteristics, behavioral risk factors, data on somatic diseases and medications taken.

Results. The prevalence of coronary artery disease among men was 14,1%, among women — 9,5% (p=0,016). In men, the second most common disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which was 2,5 times more common than in women — 10,6 and 4,5%, respectively (p=0,001). Among women, the second most common disease was type 2 diabetes (T2D), accounting for 7,6%. Cerebrovascular diseases occupy fourth place in the NCD structure. Their prevalence was 6,1% among men and 4,4% among women. Cancer diseases were less common than other chronic diseases without sex differences — 2,8 and 3,1%, respectively. In certain cities, the prevalence of NCDs varied. Every third man and fourth women had a positive family history for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) (p=0,005). About 20% of men reported a positive family history for COPD, while among women this figure was 2 times lower (p=0,001). Men and women were comparable in terms a family history for T2D — 10,4 and 12,5%, respectively. A positive family history for tumors of various locations was recorded in ~5%.

Conclusion. In the adult working-age population of the Vladimir region, atherosclerosis-related CVDs was identified in 17% of cases. The incidence of T2D and COPD in the adult population was approximately the same and amounted to >7%. The prevalence of cancer was 3%. Sex differences were identified in the prevalence of coronary artery disease and COPD.
High salt intake in the Russian population: prevalence, regional aspects, associations with socio-demographic characteristics, risk factors and diseases. Results of epidemiological studies ESSE-RF and EGIDA-Moscow
Authors: Karamnova N. S. , Maksimov S. A. , Kapustina A. V. , Shalnova S. A. , Shvabskaya O. B. , Dotsenko А. N. , Kutsenko V. A. , Balanova Yu. A. , Evstifeeva S. E. , Imaeva A. E. , Kotova M. B. , Muromtseva G. A. , Kontsevaya А. V. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: February 2024

High salt intake is a risk factor for the development of hypertension, most cardiovascular diseases and their complications.

Aim. To study the characteristics of high salt intake in Russian and Moscow populations according to epidemiological studies.

Material and methods. Data from representative samples of adult population aged 25-64 years (n=21922, 8372 men and 13550 women) from Russian 13 regions and persons aged >18 years (n=4063, 1662 men and 2401 women) from Moscow were used. A combination of 2 out of 3 items was taken as excess salt intake: daily consumption of meat and sausage products and pickles and/or adding salt to the finished dish. The results are presented as frequencies and odds ratios (OR).

Results. The prevalence of high salt intake in the Russian population was 49,3% (53% among men and 47% among women); in the Moscow sample — 49,6% (60,3% for men and 41,9% for women). The habit of adding salt to a finished dish is widespread in the Russian Federation — 40,5% (47% among men and 34,7% among women); among Muscovites it is less pronounced — 25,8% (31,6% among men and 21,7% among women). Positive associations of high salt intake were noted with male sex (OR=1,1), education level (OR=1,5 and OR=1,3 for primary and secondary education, respectively), smoking (OR=1,74), alcohol consumption (OR=1,3, OR=1,4 and OR=1,5 — for moderate, high and very high alcohol consumption, respectively), rural place of residence (OR=1,34), anxiety (OR=1,27), depression (OR=1,36) and abdominal obesity (OR=1,1), and negative — with thyroid disease (OR=0,9), previous cerebral stroke (OR=0,8) and type 2 diabetes (OR=0,87). The prevalence of high salt intake in the all-Russian sample is not associated with income level and age, but was noted among Muscovites.

Conclusion. In the Russian population, a high prevalence of high salt intake was revealed, which is more pronounced among smokers, alcohol drinkers, those with primary and secondary education levels, rural residents, as well as those with anxiety and depression.
Qualitative research methods in studying the problems of adult population vaccination: relevance and design
Authors: Lopatina M. V. , Krieger E. A. , Kudryavtsev A. V. , Yakovleva V. A. , Nizovtseva T. R. , Kontsevaya А. V. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: February 2024

Vaccination is an effective tool to control infectious diseases at the population level. There is an increase in the proportion of the adult population vulnerable to controlled infections, which is confirmed by the emergence of disease outbreaks involving population aged >18 years. Qualitative research methods are used to explore factors influencing vaccination behavior.

Aim. To develop and present a qualitative study design to study barriers and drivers for vaccination in adults.

Material and methods. The World Health Organization (WHO) approach of Tailoring Immunization Programs (TIP), Capability-Opportunity-Motivation-Behavior (COM-B) tool, developed by the WHO and adapted in several countries to study vaccination issues, and the Rapid Assessment Process method were chosen and adapted for conducting a study in three Russian regions. The qualitative methods selected are focus groups and in-depth personal interviews in two target groups of adults and medical workers. A purposive sampling method will be used to select population participants aged ≥18 years.

Results. A qualitative research design was developed, including the following steps: selecting target populations, developing a discussion plan, training the analytical group, testing the methodology and questions in the target groups, collecting and analyzing data, developing recommendations and interventions.

Conclusion. Qualitative research methods are preferable for identifying vaccination barriers and drivers. Based on the results obtained, an educational program for health workers will be developed, including communicating approaches to be used with patients when discussing vaccination matters.The qualitative research design developed and presented can be used by researchers, public health professionals, and decision-makers to study vaccination behavior among adults.
Associations of the density and proximity of the outlets of tobacco and other nicotine-containing products with increased levels of depression, anxiety and stress among the population of 3 Russian regions
Authors: Gambaryan M. G. , Kontsevaya A. V. , Antsiferova A. A. , Mukaneeva D. K. , Kutsenko V. A. , Pustelenin N. A. , Khudyakov M. B. , Kudryavtsev A. V. , Filichkina E. M. , Glukhovskaya S. V. , Solovyova A. V. , Shalnova S. A. , Balanova Yu. А. , Imaeva A. E. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: February 2024

Aim. To study the relationship of the density and proximity of tobacco products (TPs) and electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) with increased levels of depression, anxiety and stress among the population in 3 constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

Material and methods. The work used data from the Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases and their Risk Factors in Regions of Russian Federation-3 (ESSE-RF3) study in 3 Russian regions (Arkhangelsk, Sverdlovsk and Tver regions) among the population aged 35-64 years (n=1674), who signed a consent to participate in the study. We analyzed data on the status of smoking and consumption of ENDS, passive smoking, attempts to quit smoking, as well as the presence of depression, anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) score ≥8) and stress (Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) >21). Elements of urban infrastructure (data collection: January-March 2022) selling TPs and ENDS were assessed using aт OpenStreetMap-based program. Associations were established using logistic regression analysis.

Results. With a twofold increase in the distance of TP and ENDS outlets from the place of residence, the depression probability was reduced by 13% (odds ratio (OR) 0,87; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0,79-0,96) and by 12% (OR 0,88; 95% CI: 0,78-0,99), respectively. With increase in distance from of TP outlets, the anxiety decreased probability by 12% (OR 0,88; 95% CI: 0,81-0,97). With an increase in the number of TP outlets within a radius of 1000 m from the place of residence, there were an increase in the probability of depression (OR 1,18; 95% CI: 1,031,36), anxiety (OR 1,12; 95% CI: 1-1,26) and stress (OR 1,24; 95% CI: 1,05-1,46). A greater number of ENDS outlets within a radius of 1000 m and 400 m was associated with a high likelihood of depression (OR 1,17; 95% CI: 1,02-1,34 and OR 1,25; 95% CI: 1,04-1,47, respectively). An increased depression probability was found in those exposed to tobacco smoke at home (OR 1,88; 95% CI: 1,27-2,73) and at work (OR 1,67; 95% CI: 1,14-2,41). An increase in the number of attempts to quit smoking doubles the odds of depression (OR 2,40; 95% CI: 1,35-4,23) and anxiety (OR 2,00; 95% CI: 1,18-3,38).

Conclusion. Unfavorable environmental factors, including the proximity and density of TP and ENDS outlets, can increase the probability of depression, anxiety and stress among the population living in these areas.
Genetic aspects of decreased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol values
Authors: Meshkov A. N. , Ershova A. I. , Kiseleva A. V. , Mikhailina V. I. , Smetnev S. A. , Soplenkova А. G. , Kutsenko V. A. , Sotnikova Е. A. , Vyatkin Yu. V. , Zharikova A. A. , Zaichenoka M. , Ramensky V. E. , Skirko O. P. , Pokrovskaya M. S. , Litinskaya O. A. , Shalnova S. A. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: February 2024

Aim. To study genetic causes of decreased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in Russian patients.

Material and methods. The study included the following Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases and their Risk Factors in Regions of Russian Federation (ESSE-RF) participants: individuals with LDL-C<5th percentile, taking into account sex and age (n=52), who underwent targeted sequencing of protein-coding regions of 6 genes (APOB, PCSK9, MTTP, ANGPTL3, SAR1B, APOC3) and determination of the genetic risk score (GRS) for hypercholesterolemia; and a representative sample of the Ivanovo region population (ESSEIvanovo, n=1667), for which only GRS was determined. Genetic testing was performed using next generation sequencing.

Results. In 10 (19,2%) of 52 participants with decreased LDL-C levels, the following rare variants potentially associated with hypocholesterolemia were identified: 8 — leading to a premature termination codon in the APOB gene, 1 — leading to a premature termination codon in the APOC3 gene and 1 missense variant in the PCSK9 gene. Of the 10 identified variants, 6 are described by us for the first time. GRS in the LDL-C group (0,27±0,25) was significantly lower than in the ESSE-Ivanovo population sample (0,43±0,27) (p=4,7×10-06).

Conclusion. Genetic reasons explain decreased LDL-C levels (<5th percentile) in 32,7% of patients, of which only monogenic variants were identified in 13,5%, a combination of monogenic and polygenic hypocholesterolemia — in 5,7%, and polygenic hypocholesterolemia — in 13,5%.
Endovascular treatment of lead-related superior vena cava syndrome after pacemaker implantation
Authors: Feshchenko D. A. , Kaperiz K. V. , Rudenko B. A. , Shukurov F. B. , Vasiliev D. K. , Davtyan K. V. , Tarasov A. V. , Trufanova Е. A. , Taliouridze M. T.
Published: February 2024

Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) is due to impaired venous outflow from the head, neck, limbs and upper half of the body into the right atrium due to stenosis or complete obstruction of the superior vena cava (SVC). Increased venous pressure in the SVC and lack of timely treatment leads not only to serious complications, but also to death. In recent years, the etiology of SVCS has changed dramatically, mainly due to an increase in the number of implanted intravascular devices (central venous catheters, pacemakers, defibrillators, and other devices). Endovascular methods have become widely used in the treatment of patients with SVCS. This was primarily due to the minimally invasive nature of the intervention, the high technical success of the operation and the rapid onset of clinical improvement. Patients who develop SVCS after device implantation are predominantly younger and have a longer life expectancy. When choosing a treatment method, it is extremely important to take these factors into account and give preference to methods providing a long-term effect with the fewest possible complications. The article presents a case of endovascular treatment of a patient with SVCS occlusion, which developed 9 years after pacemaker implantation, using intravascular imaging methods.
Features of lipid-lowering therapy in liver transplant recipients
Authors: Kucherov A. A. , Ershova A. I. , Syutkin V. E. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: February 2024

Liver transplantation (LT) requires not only a carefully organized system for monitoring the condition of patients in the early postoperative period, but also reliable coordination of the actions of doctors of different specialties in the long-term period. This is due to improved survival of liver transplant recipients and a shift in the mortality structure towards cardiovascular diseases and the need to correct metabolic complications that often occur in recipients, in particular hyperlipidemia. Treatment of lipid metabolism disorders after LT includes lifestyle changes, immunosuppressive and lipid-lowering therapy (LLT), which reduces cardiovascular risk. The use of LLT in patients after LT is limited by potential side effects caused by drug interactions, in particular myopathy up to rhabdomyolysis. According to current clinical guidelines, the safest treatment for patients after LT is pravastatin and fluvastatin, the use of which is limited by low availability and low efficacy. It seems promisingto improve LLT in patients after LT through the use of ezetimibe, which has a potentially favorable tolerability profile when combined with immunosuppressants, as well as pitavastatin, which is metabolized through cytochrome P-450 isoenzymes not involved in the metabolism of immunosuppressants, and metabolically neutral PCSK9 inhibitors.
In memory of Professor Natalia V. Perova (08/12/1939 — 12/20/2023)
Authors: Metelskaya V. A. , Mamedov M. N.
Published: February 2024

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Os fundamentos econômicos do programa de integração Argentina-Brasil
Authors: ARAÚJO JR. JOSÉ TAVARES DE
Published: February 2024

RESUMO O artigo trata de três aspectos do acordo Argentina-Brasil. Em primeiro lugar, mostra que este acordo não representa um movimento de bilateralidade, mas sim um esforço de fortalecimento global da economia latino-americana. Em segundo lugar, tenta demonstrar que existe um potencial comercial considerável a ser explorado entre as duas economias. Por fim, aponta que a remoção das barreiras comerciais levará a uma melhoria do padrão de organização industrial em ambas as economias.
Salários, inflação e conflito distributivo: reflexões acerca da escala móvel
Authors: GIAMBIAGI FÁBIO
Published: February 2024

RESUMO Este artigo procura mostrar alguns dos problemas potenciais que surgem com a adoção do mecanismo automático de aumento salarial conhecido como “indexação por ponto de gatilho”. As teorias sobre o conflito distributivo são a base para descrever a forma como a dinâmica inflacionária se comporta em um sistema de indexação salarial periódica, que é comparada com o sistema de “ponto de gatilho”. A principal conclusão é que se o governo não conseguir controlar os preços com rigor, a ameaça de uma aceleração da inflação é considerável. Nesse contexto, o artigo discute também alguns dos diferentes cenários para a economia brasileira que podem ser vislumbrados para o futuro próximo como consequência dos conflitos ora observados. Salários, sofridos e conflito distributivo: reflexões acerca da escala móvel.
Análise crítica da interpretação neoclássica do processo de modernização da agricultura brasileira
Authors: SANTOS ROBÉRIO FERREIRA DOS
Published: February 2024

RESUMO No presente trabalho, critica-se a interpretação neoclássica do processo de modernização agrícola brasileira. Voltando aos fatos históricos, mostra-se que uma estrutura agrária concentrada, aliada aos sistemas de escravidão e imigração utilizados, foram os principais fatores para explicar o baixo nível tecnológico empregado na agricultura até meados dos anos 60. As políticas econômicas domésticas, aliadas à disponibilidade de um “pacote” tecnológico em nível internacional, justificaram a aceleração do processo de modernização desde então.
Situações difíceis e sentimentos no cuidado paliativo oncológico
Authors: Beserra Vanessa dos Santos , Brito Claudia
Published: February 2024

O ato de cuidar cotidianamente de pessoas com dor, falta de ar e em morte iminente pode potencializar situações difíceis para profissionais da área. Contudo, raramente são discutidas nos serviços e no processo de formação profissional. Objetivou-se, então, analisar situações difíceis e sentimentos que emergem do cuidado de saúde. Esta é uma pesquisa de perspectiva fenomenológica e qualitativa, baseada em 30 situações difíceis de profissionais de saúde que atuam exclusivamente no cuidado paliativo oncológico. As entrevistas foram realizadas de agosto de 2019 a fevereiro de 2020. Os resultados mostram que as principais dificuldades foram motivadas pela identificação (quando o profissional vê semelhança com o paciente que cuida), morte ruim (com sofrimento), quando o paciente era jovem, morte de mãe com filho pequeno e quando havia divergência entre o proposto pelo profissional e a recusa do paciente. Percebeu-se relação entre tipos de situações difíceis e categoria profissional. Os profissionais expressaram tanto sentimentos desagradáveis (tristeza, impotência, angústia, medo) quanto agradáveis (compaixão, gratidão). Os resultados mostram que o ocultamento do processo de morrer ao longo do desenvolvimento civilizatório transformou-o em tabu, angustiante inclusive para quem trabalha com cuidados paliativos. Contribuem, também, para mostrar uma importante dimensão subjetiva do cuidado, geralmente negligenciada, que gera sofrimento, mas também ressignificação. Para que alguém cumpra seu propósito, é necessário encontrar sentido no trabalho, possibilitado pela modificação do estado interno do profissional pela experiência, que gera transformação e novo significado e saber a partir da práxis.
Distribuição de óbitos devido ao câncer do colo do útero nos municípios de extrema pobreza, Brasil, 2000 a 2018
Authors: Nascimento Maria Isabel do , Silva Esther Rohem Costa , Flauzino Regina Fernandes
Published: February 2024

Resumo Introdução: O câncer do colo uterino (CCU) permanece uma importante causa de morte nas regiões mais pobres do mundo. Objetivo: Analisar tendências da distribuição relativa de óbitos por CCU ocorridos nos municípios de extrema pobreza (EP) do Brasil, de 2000 a 2018. Método: A distribuição relativa de óbitos por CCU nos municípios de EP foi avaliada em relação ao total de óbitos observados em cada Unidade Federativa (UF). Uma modelagem autorregressiva foi usada para avaliar as tendências temporais da distribuição relativa de óbitos de 2000 a 2018. Resultados: De 2000 a 2018, houve 94.065 óbitos por CCU no Brasil, e 10,7% deles ocorreram nos municípios de EP. Seis estados (Amazonas, Roraima, Pará, Amapá, Tocantins e Mato Grosso do Sul) tiveram 100% dos seus municípios de EP reportando a ocorrência desses óbitos. As tendências na distribuição de óbitos nos municípios de EP em relação ao total de óbitos de cada UF seguiram em elevação em onze estados brasileiros. Conclusões: O CCU é doença prioritária das políticas públicas do Brasil, e as tendências desses óbitos observadas nos municípios mais pobres apontam que mais atenção deve ser dada a estas unidades de análise, a fim de melhorar a saúde das pessoas mais pobres.
Otitis externa associated with Demodex cati - case report
Authors: Ribeiro J.P.C. , Almeida A.B.P.F. , Veggi N.D.G. , Coelho E.L.J. , Sousa V.R. F.
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT Feline demodicosis caused by Demodex cati is a rare parasitic disease, characterized by local or generalized dermatitis and less commonly by otitis. A feline, male, castrated, mixed breed, 11 years old, presented progressive cervical pruritus with alopecia in the caudolateral region of the right ear and mild erythema, abrasions, brownish ceruminous secretion and otopodal reflex. He had a history of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infection and feline gingivitis stomatitis complex (GSC), in addition to continuous use of prednisolone. In the parasitological examination of the cerumen, different stages of Demodex sp. were found. Genetic sequencing revealed 99.33% homology for D. cati. Therapy with imidacloprid and moxidectin in spot-on formulation, in two doses at 30-day intervals, promoted remission of clinical signs and elimination of the mite.
Comparative cytogenetics in felids (Carnivora: Felidae): Leopardus wiedii, Panthera onca, Puma concolor and Felis catus
Authors: Gunski R.J. , Ojeda D.S. , Ledesma M.A. , Rosso V.O. , Tura V. , Farias N.F. , Torres F.P. , Garnero A.D.V.
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT This study aims to conduct a cytogenetic analysis on four South American feline species: the jaguar (Panthera onca), the puma (Puma concolor), the ocelot (Leopardus wiedii), and the domestic cat (Felis catus). We discovered that the jaguar and the puma mainly differ in their fundamental number of chromosomes. Furthermore, we observed a morphological difference in a pair of chromosomes between the jaguar and the domestic cat. This suggests that, over the course of evolution, there was a pericentric inversion in a pair of B4 group chromosomes, leading them to become part of the A group in the jaguar. When analyzing the puma, we noticed the presence of a fourth pair of chromosomes in the E group, along with a deletion in the F group. Additionally, we observed the presence of an additional pair of chromosomes in the C group in the ocelot. Another interesting aspect of the study was the location of nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) on the chromosomes. To elucidate the origin of other chromosome pairs, we employed chromosomal banding techniques, allowing us to better understand the evolution of the C3 pair in the Leopardus genus and the E4 pair in the Puma genus.
Morphological description of the pupa of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) using a scanning electron microscope
Authors: Yamany A.S. , Adham F.K. , Abdel-Gaber R.
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT Yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, has been associated with several severe human diseases. Larvae and adults of Ae. aegypti has been widely studied, but pupae have not received much attention. In this study, external morphology and chaetotaxy of Ae. aegypti pupae were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to determine additional morphological characteristics for proper species identification. Ae. aegypti pupae exhibit high mobility with rapid submergence in response to external disturbances. Pupae contact air through paired respiratory horns. A pupal body is covered with a translucent cuticle composed of a cephalothorax and a narrow, articulated abdomen. Anterior region of cephalothorax is occupied by mouthparts and a flattened head. Adult's compound eyes are visible on both sides of their head. Before compound eyes, antennae emerge in upper part and are bent in reverse along sides of thorax. First abdominal segment has two straightforward palmate bundles, essential for maintaining pupal body above water's surface. Compared to other eight abdominal segments, ninth is relatively tiny; it holds a couple of movable appendages called paddles which are fundamental organs in pupal movement, and a midrib supports them. This morphological analysis of pupae attributes of Ae. aegypti is critical for controlling mosquito-borne diseases and taxonomy.
Therapeutic effectiveness of Ferula asafetida against Hymenolepis nana
Authors: Al-Olayan E. , Al-Kahtani N. , Al-Arifi F. , Abdel-Gaber R.
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT Hymenolepis nana is a common intestinal tapeworm that affects humans. Drugs, including praziquantel (PZQ), are essential for managing this infection. Natural products are now considered as an alternative agent to control hymenolepiasis. Three doses of the herb Ferula asafetida (FAH) (100-150-200 mg/ml) were used to assess the appropriate dose and right time to eliminate H. nana. It was found that 150 mg/ml gives no movement in 5 min and is an appropriate dose affecting H. nana. This study showed that FAH completely controls mature worms. Treatment with FAH induced a significant reduction in worm burden and complete healing after 14 days relative to a single dose PZQ drug. Moreover, histological studies for the infected-treated mice with FAH demonstrated improvement in the intestinal tissue and less accumulation of inflammation relative to those treated with PZQ. In addition, the cestodal infection significantly upregulated the inflammatory cytokines. This increase in mRNA expression of TNF-��, iNOS, and IL-2 was 6.80, 5.65, and 8.95-fold, respectively, which significantly downregulated upon treatment. Collectively, F. asafetida is a promising medicinal plant with anti-cestodal and anti-inflammatory activities and could be used for the treatment of hymenolepiasis.
Molecular identification of Fasciola species based on ribosomal and mitochondrial DNA sequences in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alkahtani N.S. , Almutairi M. , Aljasham A. , Alouffi A. , Alshammari M. , Al-Rashoodh S. , Alotaibi S. , Al-Olayan E.
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT Fasciola species are the causative agents of liver fluke disease (fasciolosis) which is primarily found in domestic and wild ruminants but also are causal agents of fascioliasis in humans. Few reports for the genotyping of Fasciola species in Saudi Arabia were available. This study aimed to identify the Fasciola species infecting sheep using morphology and molecular tools. For that, livers of 500 imported sheep were slaughtered at abattoirs located in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia), and parasite species were isolated from 28 liver samples and then preserved for subsequent stages in this study. These parasite species were identified as Fasciola hepatica and Fasciolagigantica via morphology and confirmed via the 28S rRNA, ITS-1, COI, and NDI sequences with a close identity for other Fasciola species within the family Fasciolidae. Phylogenetic analysis of the obtained sequences showed that Fasciola isolates from the current study were clustered in one subclade closely related to isolates from Iran, Vietnam, Australia, South Africa, Eastern Europe, India, Egypt, Sudan, Japan, Poland, Spain, Armenia, and Turkey. A combination of data from morphology and molecular analysis could be considered a useful tool for identifying Fasciola species infecting sheep in Saudi Arabia.
Sobre a assinatura da métrica em Relatividade Restrita
Authors: Oliveira P.H.F. , Jardim I.C. , Landim R.R.
Published: February 2024

Neste trabalho, abordamos os fundamentos da Teoria da Relatividade Restrita, começando com uma revisão das Transformações de Lorentz e sua interpretação geométrica. Em seguida, discutimos por que a métrica no espaço-tempo deve ter uma assinatura não Riemanniana para garantir o primeiro postulado da Teoria da Relatividade. O artigo visa preencher uma lacuna didática no ensino da Física, oferecendo uma compreensão sólida dos conceitos essenciais da Teoria da Relatividade para estudantes de graduação e pós-graduação.