bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of water in host-guest interaction
Authors: Rizzi Valerio , Bonati Luigi , Ansari Narjes , Parrinello Michele
Published: June 2020

One of the main applications of atomistic computer simulations is the calculation of ligand binding energies. The accuracy of these calculations depends on the force field quality and on the thoroughness of configuration sampling. Sampling is an obstacle in modern simulations due to the frequent appearance of kinetic bottlenecks in the free energy landscape. Very often this difficulty is circumvented by enhanced sampling techniques. Typically, these techniques depend on the introduction of appropriate collective variables that are meant to capture the system's degrees of freedom. In ligand binding, water has long been known to play a key role, but its complex behaviour has proven difficult to fully capture. In this paper we combine machine learning with physical intuition to build a non-local and highly efficient water-describing collective variable. We use it to study a set of of host-guest systems from the SAMPL5 challenge. We obtain highly accurate binding energies and good agreement with experiments. The role of water during the binding process is then analysed in some detail.
Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Therapy Enhance Immunoregulatory Properties in Acute Graft Versus Host Diseas with Combination of Regulatory T Cells
Authors: Park Min-Jung , Baek Jin-Ah , Kim Se-Young , Jung Kyung-Ah , Choi Jeong Won , Park Sung-Hwan , Kwok Seung‐Ki , Cho Mi-La
Published: June 2020

Background: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play a critical role in modulating the immune response and suppressing autoimmunity and transplantation. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) exert therapeutic potential due to their immunomodulatory properties, which have been demonstrated both in vitro and in clinical trials. Cell-based therapy for acute Graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) may enable induction of donor-specific tolerance in the preclinical setting. Methods: We investigated whether the immunoregulatory activity of the combination of MDSCs and Tregs on T cell and B cell subset and alloreactive T cell response. We evaluated the therapeutic effects of combined cell therapy for aGVHD following MHC-mismatched bone marrow transplantation. We compared histologic analysis from the target tissues of each groups were and immune cell population by flow cytometric analysisResults: We report a novel approach to inducing immune tolerance using a combination of donor-derived MDSCs and Tregs. The combined cell-therapy modulated in vitro the proliferation of alloreactive T cells and the Treg/Th17 balance in mice system. Systemic infusion of MDSCs and Tregs ameliorated serverity and inflammation of aGVHD by reducing the populations of proinflammatory Th1/Th17 cells and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in target tissue. The combined therapy promoted the differentiation of allogeneic T cells toward Foxp3+Tregs and IL-10-producing regulatory B cells. The combination treatment control also activated human T and B cell subset.Conclusions: Therefore, the combination of MDSCs and Tregs has immunomodulatory activity and induces immune tolerance to prevent of aGVHD severity. This could lead to the development of new clinical approaches to the prevent aGVHD.
Prognostic Impact of Remnant-like Particle Cholesterol in Patients with Differing Glucose Metabolic Status: an Observational Cohort Study from China
Authors: Zhao Qi , Zhang Ting-yu , Cheng Yu-jing , Ma Yue , Xu Ying-kai , Yang Jia-qi , Zhou Yu-jie
Published: June 2020

Background: It is uncertain whether remnant-like particle cholesterol (RLP-C) could predict residual risk in patients under different glucose metabolic status. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between RLP-C and adverse prognosis in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and identify the potential impact of glucose metabolism on the predictive value of RLP-C.Methods: The study enrolled 2419 patients with NSTE-ACS who underwent PCI at Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January to December 2015. RLP-C was calculated as follows: total cholesterol (TC) minus low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). The primary endpoint was a composite of events as follows: all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), and ischemia-driven revascularization.Results: RLP-C was significantly associated with adverse prognosis in the total population [hazard ratio (HR) 1.291 per 1-SD increase of RLP-C, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.119-1.490, P < 0.001], independent of confounding risk factors. However, subgroup analysis showed that increasing RLP-C was shown to be associated with a higher risk of adverse events in the diabetic population only [HR 1.385 per 1-SD increase of RLP-C, 95% CI 1.183-1.620, P < 0.001]. RLP-C failed to be a significant determinant of adverse prognosis in the pre-diabetic and non-diabetic population. The addition of RLP-C to the baseline model significantly enhanced the predictive value for adverse events both in the total and diabetic populations.Conclusions: Higher RLP-C level is a significant and independent predictor of adverse prognosis in diabetic patients with NSTE-ACS who underwent PCI.
Effect of Crown to Implant Ratio and Implantoplasty on The Fracture Resistance of Narrow Dental Implants with Marginal Bone Loss. An In Vitro Study.
Authors: Almeida Bruno Leitão , Font Octavi Camps , Correia André , Mari Javier Mir , Figueiredo Rui , Castellón Eduard Valmaseda
Published: June 2020

Background: Perimplantitis is a biological complication that affects soft and hard tissue around dental implants. Implantoplasty polishes exposed implant surface aiming to decontaminate it and make it less prone to bacterial colonization. This study aims to analyze macroscopic changes after implantoplasty (IP), whether a higher crown-to-implant-ratio (CIR) reduces implant fracture resistance and if implants are more fracture-prone after IP and in the presence of 50% vertical bone loss.Methods: Narrow platform (3.5mm) 15mm long titanium dental implants with a rough surface and hexagonal external connection were placed in standardized bone-like resin casts leaving 7.5mm exposed. Half were selected for IP. Macroscopic changes were observed using plain standardized x-rays and ImageJ software. The IP and control groups were each divided into 3 subgroups with different clinical CIR (2:1, 2.5:1 and 3:1). A static load test was performed and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to evaluate failure loads and implant fractures. Results: IP effect was similar across the sample in all reference points and no perforations were observed. Only 2.5:1 group showed a significant reduction in fracture resistance between the IP and control implants. Significant reductions in mechanical resistance in the 2.5:1 and 2:1 group, compared to 3:1 group, were found.Conclusions: Our results suggest that implants with higher CIR are more prone to fracture in the presence of 50% vertical bone loss; Fracture resistance does not differ significantly between IP and intact implants and CIR seems more relevant than IP considering implant fracture resistance.
Extracellular Vesicles: A Novel Messenger of Unicellular Microalgae Communication?
Authors: Zhao Liqing , Zhu Rongfang , Liu Yerong , Liu Chenchen , Jiang Panpan , Song Yiting , Luo Yixuan , Lei Anping , Wang Jiangxin
Published: June 2020

Background Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoparticles with membrane structures secreted by cells that play a role in the transfer of proteins, lipids, small RNAs, lncRNAs and DNA. Thus, EVs mediate mammalian cell-to-cell communication and have potential applications in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. However, these studies have been primarily focused on the microenvironmental fluids between mammalian cells. Microalgae are single-celled organisms living in natural and dynamic aquatic environments. Whether microalgae can secrete EVs and adapt to changing environments via EV-mediated communication between cells is still unclear. ResultsWe demonstrated that EVs are widely present in microalgae and have surprisingly rich contents of miRNAs and proteins. The differential expression of miRNAs and proteins was correlated with different cell growth stages and abiotic stressors. Our preliminary data suggested that Chlamydomonas EVs significantly affected the growth of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis in full BG11 medium. However, incubating EVs isolated from Chlamydomonas with Synechocystis cells showed that EVs themselves did not promote cell growth in nitrogen depleted BG11 medium. In this case, EVs appear to function primarily via information sensing and message delivery between cells under nutrient stress conditions. More detailed studies need to be conducted to revise our current perspective on the distribution of nutrients in aquatic environments and how EVs may affect microbial communications and interactions.Conculsions These findings suggest that EVs may play a critically important role in information exchange between microalgal cells and, in turn, adaptation to changing aquatic environments.
Knockout of a labeled strain of Escherichia coli in the mouse gut using native phages
Authors: Ping Li , Jingchao Chen , Zhang Zhiyu , Yi Li , Lei Liu , Weihua Chen , Liu Guosheng , Hailei Wang
Published: June 2020

Background: There is a lack of methodological investigation of the in situ functions of a bacterial species in microecosystems such as the animal gut, although the microbiome has become a focus in the microbiology field worldwide.
Results: We used native mixed phages containing Escherichia phages T1 and T4 as a microbial editing tool for eliminating Escherichia coli MG1655 labeled with green fluorescent protein in the mouse gut. The phages possessed rigorous host specificity at both the genus and species levels, resulting in an 8.8-log10 decrease in the titer of viable bacteria after 12 h of phage treatment in an in vitro test. In vivo, they knocked out strain MG1655 not only at concentrations of 10 6 -10 8 CFU g -1 colonizing the mouse gut but also even in mice fed with feedstuff containing the bacterium. In addition, the impact of phage treatment on the microbial community structure of the mouse gut was not significantly ( p ＞0.05) based on a 16S rRNA amplicon gene sequencing analysis, although the richness of some bacteria changed significantly.
Conclusions: We provide a feasible microbial editing technique for the animal gut. Native phages with strict host specificity can effectively knock out a target bacterium by single or continuous gastric perfusion, with limited perturbation of microbial diversity, which is beneficial for studies of the function of a specific bacterial species colonizing a complicated microecosystem.
The influence of racial disparity on oncologic outcomes for patients with penile cancer: a SEER population-based study
Authors: Su Xiaohong , Wu Kaihui , Wang Shuo , Li Bingkun , Li Chuanyin , Mao Xiangming
Published: June 2020

Purpose: Penile cancer (PC) is an uncommon malignancy in the urinary system of males. The present study aims to compare survival outcomes of PC patients among racial/ethnic groups in the United States. Methods and materials: Patients with PC were identified in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registries from 2004 to 2015. The SEER database represents 28% of the U.S. population. Race/ethnicity was categorized as non-hispanic white (NHW), hispanic white (HW), black, Asian/Pacific Islander (A/PI), or American Indian/Alaskan native (AI/AN). Kaplan-Meier method with the log-rank test was used to assess cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS). Multivariate analysis was conducted using Cox’s proportional hazard model. Results: A total of 3955 patients with PC were included. There were significant differences in age, marital status, tumor location, histology, grade, lymphadenectomy, and radiotherapy according to race/ethnicity. Univariate analysis revealed that A/PIs were significantly associated with better CSS (p= 0.005) and OS (p= 0.025) for most subtypes. The 5-year CSS rates for NHWs, HWs, blacks, A/PIs and AI/ANs were 79.4%, 74.2%, 75.9%, 87.1%, and 78.9%, respectively. The 5-year OS rates for NHWs, HWs, blacks, A/PIs and AI/ANs were 63.4%, 64.1%, 60.5%, 73.0%, and 70.9%, respectively. After adjusting for other factors, racial disparity was an independent risk factor for CSS and OS in the multivariate analysis (p=0.010 and p=0.017, respectively). Conclusions: Our results suggested that racial differences existed among PC patients in the United States with respect to patient clinicopathological features and survival. Long-term survival disparities were evident in PC patients, that the survival of NHWs, HWs, and blacks was worse than that of A/PIs.
Impact of concomitant systemic treatments on toxicity and intracerebral response after stereotactic radiotherapy for brain metastases
Authors: Guénolé Morgan , Lucia François , Bourbonne Vincent , Dissaux Gurvan , Reygagne Emmanuelle , Goasduff Gaëlle , Pradier Olivier , Schick Ulrike
Published: June 2020

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the safety and efficacy of fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) in combination with systemic therapies (ST) for brain metastases (BM). Methods: 99 patients (171 BM) received SRT and concurrent ST (group 1) and 95 patients (131 BM) received SRT alone without concurrent ST (group 2). SRT was planned on a linear accelerator, using volumetric modulated arc therapy. All ST were allowed including chemotherapy (CT), immunotherapy (IT), targeted therapy (TT) and hormonotherapy (HT). Treatment was considered to be concurrent if the timing between the drug administration and SRT did not exceed 1 month. IT was used concurrently with SRT in 30 patients. Local control (LC), freedom for distant brain metastases (FFDBM), overall survival (OS) and radionecrosis (RN) were evaluated. Variables analyzed included histology, age, gender, diagnosis-specific Graded Prognostic Assessment score, recursive partitioning analysis score, number of BM, presence of extracranial metastases, tumor volume, Karnofsky performance status and the timing of ST. Results: After a median follow-up of 11.9 months (range 0.7-29.7), the 1-year LC, FFDBM and RN rate in group 1 and group 2 were 96% versus 78% (p=0.02), 76% versus 53% (p=0.004) and 80% versus 90% (p=0.03), respectively. In multivariate analysis, concurrent IT (p=0.022) and tumor volume <2.07cc (p=0.039) were significantly correlated with improvement of LC. The addition of IT to SRT compared to SRT alone was associated with an increased risk of RN (p=0.03). Conclusion: SRT delivered concurrently with IT improved LC, FFDBM, OS with a higher RN rate.
NFAT2 overexpression suppresses the malignancy of hepatocellular carcinoma through inducing Egr2 expression
Authors: Wang Jian , Zhang Yamin , Liu Lei , Cui Zilin , Shi Rui , Hou Jianchun , Liu Zirong , Yang Long , Wang Lianjiang , Li Yang
Published: June 2020

PURPOSE Nuclear factor of activated T cells 2 (NFAT2) has been reported to regulate the development and malignancy of few tumors. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of NFAT2 expression on cell fate of HepG2 cell and its potential mechanisms. METHODS Firstly, the pcDNA3.1-NFAT2 plasmid was transfected into HepG2 cells to construct NFAT2 overexpressed HepG2 cells. Then, the chemical count kit-8 cell viability assay, Annexin V-FITC apoptosis detection, EdU labeling proliferation detection, transwell and wound healing experiments were performed. The expression of Egr2 and FasL, and the phosphorylation of AKT and ERK, after ionomycin and PMA co-stimulation, were detected, while the Ca2+ mobilization stimulated by K+ solution were determined. At last, the mRNA and protein expression of NFAT2, Egr2, FasL, COX-2 and c-myc in carcinoma and adjacent tissues was investigated. RESULTS The NFAT2 overexpression suppressed the cell viability, invasion and migration, and promoted apoptosis of HepG2 cells. NFAT2 overexpression induced the expression of Egr2 and FasL, and suppressed the phosphorylation of AKT and ERK. The sensitivity and Ca2+ mobilization of HepG2 cells was also inhibited by NFAT2 overexpression. Compared with adjacent tissues, the carcinoma tissues expressed less NFAT2, Egr2, FasL and more COX-2 and c-myc. CONCLUSION The current study firstly demonstrated that NFAT2 suppressed the aggression and malignancy of HepG2 cells through inducing the expression of Egr2. The absence of NFAT2 and Egr2 in carcinoma tissues reminded us that NFAT2 may be a promising therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment.
A Phase II Study of First-line Afatinib For Patients Aged ≥ 75 Years With EGFR Mutation-positive Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: North East Japan Study Group Trial NEJ027
Authors: Minegishi Yuji , Yamaguchi Ou , Sugawara Shunichi , Kuyama Shoichi , Watanabe Satoshi , Usui Kazuhiro , Mori Masahide , Hataji Osamu , Nukiwa Toshihiro , Morita Satoshi , Kobayashi Kunihiko , Gemma Akihiko
Published: June 2020

Background: We investigated afatinib in elderly patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Patients and Methods: This was a single-arm, open-label, phase II study, performed in multiple centres in Japan. Previously untreated patients, aged ≥ 75 years, with EGFR mutation-positive (Del19 or L858R) advanced NSCLC were treated with afatinib 40 mg until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Adverse events (AEs) were managed with protocol defined dose adjustments. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) by central review.Results: In total, 38 patients received at least one dose of afatinib, and 37 were evaluable for response. Median age was 77.5 years (range 75–91), all patients had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology group performance status of 0 or 1, and 60.5% had Del19-positive disease. ORR was 75.7% (2 complete responses and 26 partial responses). Median progression-free survival was 14.2 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 9.5–19.0). Median overall survival (OS) was 35.2 months (95% CI, 35.2–not reached); the 2-year OS rate was 78.3%. The most common grade III/IV treatment-related AEs (TRAEs) were diarrhoea (28.9%), paronychia (23.7%), and rash/acne (15.8%). Dose reductions due to TRAEs were reported in 78.9% of patients, and 8 (21.1%) patients discontinued afatinib due to TRAEs. No treatment-related deaths were reported.Conclusion: First-line afatinib administered at a starting dose of 40 mg was well tolerated with dose adjustments and was associated with encouraging activity in Japanese patients aged ≥ 75 years with EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC.Trial Registration: The trial is registered with Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (JRCT) as trial number 031180136 (date of initial registration: 19 February 2019), and the University Hospital Network (UMIN) as trial number 000017877 (date of initial registration: 11 June 2015).
Safe Behaviour in the Petrochemical Industry: Evaluating the Consistency Between Conceptual Frameworks and Factors Reported by Iranian Workers
Authors: Harsini Azita Zahiri , Bohle Philip , Matthews Lynda R , Ghofranipour Fazlollah , Sanaeinasab Hormoz , Aminshokravi Farkhondeh , Prasad Krishan
Published: June 2020

Background: Unsafe worker behaviour is often identified as a major cause of dangerous incidents in the petrochemical industry. Behavioural safety models provide frameworks that may help to prevent such incidents by identifying factors promoting safe or unsafe behaviour. A literature review was conducted to identify models of safe behaviour and determine which were most consistent with the experiences reported by workers in our qualitative study of the Iranian petrochemical industry.Methods: Five databases (EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, ProQuest, Science Direct, Scopus) were searched for studies between 2000 and 2019 that evaluated antecedents and outcomes of safe workplace behaviours in the petrochemical industry or other industrial settings. After duplications were removed, 141 publications were screened and 31 that met the inclusion criteria were reviewed. Constructs described in each publication were assessed for consistency with themes derived from the interview responses from Iranian petrochemical workers in the qualitative study: poor direct safety management and supervision; unsafe workplace conditions; workers' perceptions, skills and training; and broader organisational factors. Results: The themes identified in the qualitative study most closely matched those in the model described by Wu et al. (2011): poor direct safety management and supervision matched with safety leadership and several subscales; unsafe workplace conditions matched with several subscales; workers' perceptions, skills and training matched with two subscales, and broader organisational factors matched with two other subscales. The model selected was the one that included the most constructs matching the themes identified in the qualitative study.Conclusions: Valid behavioural safety models can provide a basis for more effective safety cultures and management systems in selected contexts. This study identified most consistency between themes elicited from Iranian petrochemical workers and the constructs described by Wu et al. (2011), providing evidence of the validity of their model. Intervention studies are needed to assess the effectiveness of safety models in improving safe behaviours in industrial settings.Trial registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials: IRCT20170515033981N2. Registered 19 June 2018. https://www.irct.ir/trial/26107.
Resolution Enhancement of GPR Data Using Bayesian Filtering Optimized by Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: HAJIAN Alireza , Kimiaefar Rohollah
Published: June 2020

Blurring coherence events is the result of applying many spatial and temporal filtering algorithmswhen they are applied in order to suppress background random noise. Bayesian Filtering (BF) also suffers from mentioned problem. This paper develops a method for optimizing BF by Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) and Fuzzy C-Mean (FCM)clustering. First the structure of the GPR image is extracted using FCM. The structure and output of the BF for a random part of the data are used to produce output values for training ANFIS and after that, by generalizing the trained network to all data, filtered data would be achieved. The proposed method is applied on synthetic data-sets as well as tworeal 2-D GPR images gathered in an environmental study project. Performance of the method is evaluated by comparing the results of the proposed method to the output of BF. In synthetic data, the SNR value improved 63 percent more than of BF’s outputandthe visual comparison of the results are suggesting better performance in noise cancellation and resolution enhancement, both in synthetic and real data-sets.
A Novel Signature of 23 Immunity-related Gene Pairs is Prognostic of Cutaneous Melanoma
Authors: Xue Yanan , Xue Yinan , Wang Zhengcai , Mo Yongzhen , Wang Pinyan , Tan Weiqiang
Published: June 2020

Background: We aimed to identify immune-related signature for predicting cutaneous melanoma (CM) prognosis. Methods: We used TCGA samples (n=471) to develop the best 23 Immune related gene pairs (23-IRGP) prognostic signature and divided patients into high- and low-immune risk group in TCGA dataset and validation datasets: GSE65904 (n=214), GSE59455 (n=141), and GSE22153 (n=79). Results: 23-IRGP presented precise ability in cutaneous melanoma (CM) which high-risk groups showed poor prognosis and indicated significant predict power in immune micro-environment and biological analysis as well. Conclusions: we established a novel promising prognostic model in CM and built the bridge between immune micro-environment and CM patient results. This approach can be applied to discover the signatures in other diseases without technical bias from different platforms.
FCGR1A Serves as a Novel Biomarker and Correlates With Immune Infiltration in Four Cancer Types
Authors: Xu Jili , Guo Yong
Published: June 2020

Background: FCGR1A encodes a protein that plays an important role in the immune response. The prognosis and tumor immune infiltration of FCGR1A in heterogeneous tumors remains unclear.Methods: Differential expression analysis of FCGR1A between tumor and normal tissues and the difference in overall survival (OS) among different cancer types were performed by Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA). The correlation between FCGR1A and cancer immune infiltration or immue gene markers was completed through Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) site. Results: FCGR1A exhibited high expression in various cancer types. FCGR1A was significantly correlated with the overall survival (OS) of cervical and endocervical cancer (CESC), cholangiocarcinoma (CHOL), kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) and skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) (P<.05). High expression of FCGR1A meant a better prognosis except for KIRC. FCGR1A showed significant differences at different stages of KIRC and SKCM (P<.05). Furthermore, FCGR1A was notably associated with immune infiltrating levels of CD4+ T cell, CD8+ T cell, B cell, macrophage, neutrophil, and dendritic cell in the four cancers (P<.05). FCGR1A also showed close relevance with different immune gene markers. The copy number variation (CNV) of FCGR1A significantly influenced the abundance of immune infiltration in KIRC and SKCM. Conclusion: FCGR1A may be a potential prognostic biomarker and related to immune infiltration levels in diverse cancers, especially in CESC, CHOL, KIRC, and SKCM. Besides, FCGR1A may be involved in the activation, regulation or induction of immune cells.
Part I: Modeling Media-related Educational Competencies
Authors: Tiede Jennifer
Published: June 2020

The following part is concerned with modeling media-related educational competencies from a theoretical viewpoint. First, the state of research in both countries will be summarized in the following chapter by a selection of central, related models and frameworks from an international context and from the USA and Germany. Generally, all competency models share a certain dependence on their national or international background or origin. This is true for deductively derived models, which mirror a certain selection of sources considered important by the researchers, and it is equally true for inductively developed models, reflecting practices and experiences from a specific background. Hence, the structure of presentation follows the objective of including a wide range of respective backgrounds. Although the main focus of this dissertation is on a comparison of Germany and the USA, it is yet valuable to include international models in the following considerations as well. Characterized by an explicitly broad applicability and impact, they offer a contrast and enrichen the perspective with potentially different foci and emphases. Hence, the perspective will be widened to international models first and then narrowed down to the USA and Germany, as the two countries of key interest.
Contemporary principles of hypoxia management in case of ARDS of various origin. Part 1
Authors: Vlasenko A. V. , Evdokimov E. A. , Rodionov E. P.
Published: June 2020

The review summarizes data on contemporary approaches to diagnosis, prevention and treatment of severe acute parenchymal respiratory failure of various origins including in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) caused by bacterial and viral pneumonia. It is based on the data of modern properly organized studies, an analysis of international clinical guidelines with a high degree of evidence, as well as the results of many years of own experimental research and clinical observations of treatment of patients with ARDS of various origin, including those with viral pneumonia in 2009–2016–2020. The article states scientifically-based procedures for prevention, differential diagnosis and personalized treatment of severe acute respiratory failure with the use of innovative medical technologies and a wide range of respiratory treatments. The authors did their best to adapt specific proposals for everyday clinical practice.
How to protect information from the Patient's electronic medical record: proposed mechanisms
Authors: Magnagnagno Odirlei Antonio , Luciano Edimara Mezzomo , Lübeck Rafael Mendes
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this article is to identify mechanisms that may contribute to preserving the privacy of patient information contained in the electronic medical record. The research strategy is exploratory-descriptive, using Document Analysis and Case Study. A set of 20 documents, related to laws, manuals and standards, was analyzed and conducted case studies in two hospitals, preceded by a pilot case study. The cases were studied through semi-structured interviews, analysis of internal documents and occasional observation. In one of the stages of the research we have identification and analysis of regulatory and normative documents. And as a final result, the identification of the mechanisms that the hospitals surveyed use for information privacy. The most used mechanisms are those of processes in relation to the safeguard and those of relationship in relation to the awareness of the collaborators. As contribution, the article shows the need to strengthen the discussion of the theme for the academy. As well, a list of documents and mainly a list of mechanisms that can contribute to the protection of the information in the health area.
The Dimension of Discourse in English Class of Higher Education
Authors: Soraya Soraya
Published: June 2020

The research aims to describe the dimension of discourse and identity of English lecturers. This research is conducted with a qualitative approach and content analysis method. The data source is recordings of classroom interaction of English lecturers. The data are analyzed using the classroom discourse framework of Betsy Rhymes which focuses on dimensions, namely social context, interactional context, and individual agency. These dimensions are analyzed through the source of turn takings, contextualization clues, narration, and framing. The result shows that in social context, the lecturers negotiate the interaction by giving more turns to the students, applying all the contextualization clues to accompany the utterance and supporting the interaction with narration and frame all to support students’ contribution. In interactional context, the lecturers include the experience of the students in all sources and use vernacular language. In individual agency, the lecturers include all students in a challenging and inclusive activity. The conclusion of the research is that the interaction in the classroom discourse dimension is influenced by the standard of education and the condition of students who lack confidence to speak English as the social context which influences the use of language in the class. However, the personal control of the lecturers to achieve the standard of education makes him/her manage the language use to provide context of interaction in order to make the students contribute to the interaction.
ÇEVRE VE İNSAN HAKLARI İLİŞKİSİNE YENİ BİR YAKLAŞIM: AMERİKALILAR ARASI İNSAN HAKLARI MAHKEMESİ’NİN OC-23/17 SAYILI TAVSİYE GÖRÜŞÜ
Authors: KONUK SOMMER Bahar
Published: June 2020

15 Kasım 2017 tarihinde Amerikalılar Arası İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi, Amerikan İnsan Hakları Sözleşmesi ile güvence altına alınmış olan yaşam hakkı ve kişinin fiziksel, zihinsel ve ruhsal bütünlüğünün korunması hakkı bakımından Taraf Devletlerin yükümlülüklerini ortaya koyan bir tavsiye görüşü yayımlamıştır. Kolombiya Hükümetinin istemi üzerine ortaya konan bu Tavsiye Görüşü, sağlıklı bir çevrede yaşam hakkının bağımsız bir temel hak olarak tanınmasından, devletlerin çevrenin korunması ile ilgili maddi ve usuli yükümlülüklerine, devletlerin kendi sınırları içerisinde gerçekleştirdikleri faaliyetlerin neden olduğu sınır aşan çevresel tahribattan dolayı sorumluluklarından uluslararası çevre hukukuna ilişkin düzenlemelerin bu hususta kaynak olarak kullanılıp kullanılamayacağına kadar çevrenin korunması ve insan hakları ilişkisi bağlamında pek çok konuyu ele almış olup, başta iklim değişikliği olmak üzere çevre ile ilgili pek çok güncel hukuki meseleye ışık tutmaktadır. OC-23/17 sayılı Tavsiye Görüşü ile ilk kez, maddi ve usuli yükümlülükler yönünden de ele alınmak suretiyle çevre ve insan hakları ilişkisi bu denli detaylı ve titiz bir şekilde bir uluslararası yargı merci tarafından ortaya konmuş olup benzer konulara ilişkin ortaya çıkan uyuşmazlıkların çözümünde başvurulabilecek zengin bir içtihat yaratılmıştır.
Prof. Dr. Sarper SÜZEK
Authors: SÜZEK Sarper
Published: June 2020

Otobiyografi
Brexit and the dependence structure among the G7 bank equity markets
Authors: Nekhili Ramzi , Giannopoulos Kostas
Published: June 2020

The UK referendum in June 2016 on leaving the European Union had a negative impact on banking stocks across the major financial markets. This has left with a question dealing with the effect of UK banking institutions on the systemic risk on a global scale. This paper aims at investigating the changes in the dependence structure between the UK bank equity returns and its counterparts in the G7 economies. The methodology used is based on the GJR-GARCH volatility spillover model that accounts for asymmetry and leverage, and copula for the time-varying correlation structure among G7 banks. Taking the data on bank equity return indices for G7 economies, the results indicate the symmetric dependence structure between the UK and Italian banks and the asymmetric dependence between the UK and the rest of G7 banks. This is due to the simultaneous decline in bank shares prices across the Union. Such results are important constituents for cross-country portfolio diversification.
The study of damping control in semi-active car suspension
Authors: Goszczak Jarosław , Mitukiewicz Grzegorz , Radzymiński Bartosz , Werner Andrzej , Szydłowski Tomasz , Batory Damian
Published: June 2020

Paper discusses apparently opposing goal functions in terms of car’s comfort and handling. Short descriptions of passive, semi-active and active suspensions with their features are included. Thereafter, employing a two-mass quarter car model, an idea of damping control strategy in semi-active car suspension is presented. The results of performed simulation tests for various inputs are depicted and thoroughly discussed with comparison to classical passive suspension’s response. On the grounds of obtained results, conclusions are formulated. What is more, a layout of further work is outlined, with the aim of system’s response optimization in terms of comfort and handling features, as well as reliable validation of efficiency of proposed damping control strategy.
Development of cab isolation systems of off-road vibratory rollers: review research
Authors: Nguyen Vanliem , Le Vanquynh
Published: June 2020

To have an overview of the research and development processes of the cab isolation system of the off-road vibratory rollers, this paper represents the researches of the various isolation systems based on the previously studied and published results. The result has shown that the ride comfort is mainly improved by the cab isolation system used the semi-active hydraulic mounts. The paper results can provide the overall view of the vibration studies of the off-road vibratory rollers.
Hierarchical sliding mode attitude control of a spherical underwater exploring robot
Authors: Liu Zhimin
Published: June 2020

Aiming at the attitude control of the spherical underwater robot, the kinematics and dynamics of the underactuated attitude control adjusting system are analyzed, and its dynamics model is established. By using the differential homeomorphism transformation, the model was divided into two subsystems. Based on the advantages of sliding mode variable structure control, this paper adopts the hierarchical sliding mode variable structure method to design the sliding mode of different variables respectively, and then designs the sliding mode of the whole system. The presented control scheme can solve the coupling problem well. The controller has small overshoot and can well suppress chattering phenomenon. The simulation results show that the designed control law can make the system converge quickly and control the attitude of the underwater spherical robot effectively.
Güncel Sanatta Tekstil Heykellerin Temsil Niteliği
Authors: Özcan Nazan , Alp Özlem
Published: June 2020

1960’lı yıllarla birlikte değişen sosyo-ekonomik ve kültürel ortam, sanata ilişkin tüm kavram ve uygulamaları yeni temsil arayışları çerçevesinde değiştirmiştir. Genel olarak, geleneksel sanatlar ve zanaat başlığı altında temsil edilen tekstil sanatı, geleneksel işlevinden farklı olarak malzeme ve tekniğin yeni aktarım olanaklarına yönelmiştir. Bu araştırmada tekstilin 60 sonrası temsil niteliğindeki dönüşümleri ve 1980 sonrası tekstil heykellerin temsil nitelikleri tartışılmıştır. 1960’lı yıllar tekstilin yapısal özelliklerinin yeniden keşfedildiği ve kavramsallaştığı yıllardır. 1980’li yıllar ise tekstil sanatının kendi varoluş sınırını aşması ile ayağa kalktığı, tekstilin heykel olarak güncel sanata eklendiği, onun malzeme ve teknik boyutunu aşarak, güncel sanatın kimi ilgi alanlarına yöneldiği yıllardır. Bu bakımdan bu araştırmada, güncel sanatta tekstil heykellerin temsil anlayışı; zaman-mekan-sınırlar, beden-kimlik, coğrafya, ekolojik dengeler, demokrasi, cinsiyet, öteki, gelenek ve çağdaşlık gibi güncel yaşamın kimi konularına sosyo-politik ve eleştirel yaklaşımları da içeren örnekler üzerinden incelenmiştir.
Impact of socio-economic and water access conditions on life satisfaction of rural farmers in Faisalabad district of Pakistan
Authors: Nadeem Abdul Majeed , Rafique Muhammad Zahid , Bakhsh Khuda , Makhdum Muhammad Sohail Amjad , Huang Shaoan
Published: June 2020

The current study is designed to see the effects of water access on the well-being of the farming community in rural areas of Pakistan. The data were collected from 300 households of ten villages in rural Faisalabad, Pakistan where the population is facing serious water quality and access issues due to industrial pollution, lack of clean water supply system and limited access to fresh water for agricultural use. We employed ordinary least square and ordered probit methods to measure the association between water access variables and households’ well-being. We found that source and quality of drinking water, access to irrigation water, and percentage of crop water requirement fulfilled, and water expenses were statistically significant influencing the households’ well-being. The study concluded that water access conditions strongly influence the life satisfaction and water access conditions must be considered in future research. Acknowledging the contribution of village-level economic activities to economic growth, a strong policy is proposed to re-evaluate the existing rural water supply strategy to enhance the households’ well-being and enhance livelihood generation among neglected pro-poor farmers in rural areas of Pakistan.
Rectangles in Lobachevsky Geometry
Authors: Chemeris Vladimir Dmitrievich , Chemeris Ilia Andreevich
Published: June 2020

If we replace the V Postulate of Euclid with the Postulate of Lobachevsky, then we can get rectangles with more than 4 angles. The article describes the methodology for constructing such rectangles.
Professional-Oriented Training of Military Personnel
Authors: Pertsev Aleksandr Borisovich
Published: June 2020

The most common concept of military specialists training is the concept of improving the professional continuous training of officers. The essence of this concept is that throughout their service, the officers go through a multi-level system of training and re-training, which allows them not only to preserve the knowledge and skills they obtained at the initial stage, but also to develop and improve them. This article reveals both positive aspects and contradictions and shortcomings in the modern system of training military specialists.
The Future of Information Technology in Medicine
Authors: Urmanov Bekhruz Nazirzhonovich
Published: June 2020

The article discusses integration of information technology, further development of innovative systems and their use in science and medicine. Constantly improving, these technologies allow to process significantly larger data volumes. This is possible due to integration and use of cutting-egde IT. In this sense, the theme of this article is considered relevant. The research methods used in this paper include analysis, synthesis, description and summarizing. The results of the study demonstrate very promising prospects for using IT in medicine, which calls for a timely integration of IT in this field.
Design Modeling of the City Environment as an Object of Perception
Authors: Tkachuk Grigorii Anatolevich
Published: June 2020

The article discusses the need to find new modern approaches to formation of the urban public environment, which has the necessary qualities for the accumulation, development and improvement of the intellectual and psycho-emotional potential of society. The author describes certain distortions and destructive phenomena in the social environment of the city, which lead to negative social reactions. An opinion about the ongoing loss of social identity and degeneration of the aesthetic and creative context in the society’s mentality is expressed. The ways of solving the problems of creating sustainable positive conditions for the transformation of the urban environment are proposed.
Rhodamine B - as New Chromophore for the Determination of Melatonin in Biological, Food, and Pharmaceutical Samples
Authors: Lungu-Moscalu Alexandrina , Negut Catalina C. , Stefanov Cristina , van Staden Raluca-Ioana S. , Bunaciu Andrei A. , Staden Jacobus F. van
Published: June 2020

Aim and Objective:

Melatonin is an essential biomarker for sleep-related disorders.
Reliable methods of analysis are needed for melatonin. Therefore, a new chromophore (Rhodamine
B) was proposed for the assay of melatonin; this method succeeded to enlarge the working
concentration range and to decrease the limit of determination comparing with the method that just
used the native fluorescence of melatonin.

Materials and Methods:

Rhodamine B was proposed as a new chromophore for the assay of
melatonin in biological, food, and pharmaceutical samples. Fluorescence was used for the
determination of melatonin.

Results:

The results obtained using Rhodamine B were compared with those obtained by the native
fluorescence of melatonin. Using the new chromophore, melatonin was determined in the
concentration range between 0.01 and 50 pmol L-1, with the detection limit of 2.4 fmol L-1. The
recovery of melatonin was higher than 98.00% with a relative standard deviation of less than
0.10%, when the method was applied for the assay of melatonin in samples such as breast milk,
whole blood, milk powder, and pharmaceutical formulations.

Conclusion:

Utilization of Rhodamine B enlarged the linear concentration range for the assay of
melatonin and decreased the detection limit, making possible the assay of melatonin in a variety of
samples such as pharmaceuticals, food, and biological samples.
Selinexor (KPT-330), an Oral Selective Inhibitor of Nuclear Export (SINE) Compound, in Combination with FOLFOX in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (mCRC) - Final Results of the Phase I Trial SENTINEL
Authors: Nilsson Sven , Stein Alexander , Rolfo Christian , Kranich Anne L. , Mann Julia , Papadimitriou Konstantinos , Theile Susann , Amberg Stefanie , Bokemeyer Carsten
Published: June 2020

Background:

Selinexor is an oral Selective Inhibitor of Nuclear Export compound that
specifically blocks Chromosomal Region Maintenance protein 1.

Objective:

To evaluate the safety and tolerability of escalating doses of selinexor plus 5-fluorouracil,
leucovorin and oxaliplatin (mFOLFOX6) in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients.

Methods:

In this multicenter phase I trial, mCRC patients, eligible for oxaliplatin-based treatment,
were enrolled to receive oral selinexor on days 1, 3, and 8 plus mFOLFOX6 every two weeks. Primary
endpoint was the maximum tolerated dose. Secondary endpoints were toxicity, overall response
rate, progression free survival, and overall survival.

Results:

Overall, 10 patients were enrolled, who had prior treatment with oxaliplatin (6/10), irinotecan
(8/10), bevacizumab (6/10) or anti-EGFR therapy (5/10). Four consecutive patients received
40 mg selinexor plus mFOLFOX6. All four experienced dose-limiting toxicities and withdrew from
the study after a median of two cycles. Thus, this dose level was regarded as toxic and no further patients
were evaluated at this dose. Six patients were enrolled with 20 mg selinexor plus mFOLFOX6.
Despite better tolerability, four patients withdrew (patient wish) after the first cycle and only two patients
continued until disease progression. Most commonly reported treatment emergent adverse
events were nausea (80%), diarrhea (70%), vomiting (60%), fatigue (60%), anorexia (40%), and impaired
vision (40%). Due to the short treatment exposure, no relevant clinical activity was observed.

Conclusion:

In patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, selinexor on this dose schedule plus
mFOLFOX6 was not tolerable. Other dosing schedules or combinations may be evaluated. Clinical
trial identifier NCT02384850.
Clinical Management of Infectious Diarrhea
Authors: Siciliano Valentina , Nista Enrico Celestino , Rosà Tommaso , Brigida Mattia , Franceschi Francesco
Published: June 2020

Background:

Infectious diarrhea is the most common cause of diarrhea worldwide and
is responsible for more deaths than other gastrointestinal tract diseases such as gastrointestinal cancers,
peptic ulcer disease or inflammatory bowel disease. Diarrheal disease still represents the 8th
leading cause of death worldwide, with more than 1,6 million attributed fatalities in 2016 alone.
The majority of cases can be divided into three principal clinical presentations: acute watery diarrhea
lasting 5-10 days and normally self-limiting, bloody diarrhea (dysentery), and persistent diarrhea
with or without intestinal malabsorption.

Methods:

We performed an electronic search on PUBMED of the scientific literature concerning
infectious diarrhea and its clinical management.

Aim:

In this review article, we analyze the most important causes of infectious diarrhea and their
constellation of signs and symptoms, providing an update on the diagnostic tools available in today’s
practice and on the different treatment options.

Conclusions:

Even though the majority of intestinal infections are self-limiting in immunocompetent
individuals, specific diagnosis and identification of the causative agent remain crucial from
public health and epidemiological perspectives. Specific diagnostic investigation can be reserved
for patients with severe dehydration, more severe illness, persistent fever, bloody stools, immunosuppression,
and for cases of suspected nosocomial infection or outbreak and it includes complete
blood count, creatinine and electrolytes evaluation, determination of leukocytes and lactoferrin
presence in the stools, stool culture, together with C. difficile testing, PCR, ova and parasites'
search, endoscopy and abdominal imaging. Since acute diarrhea is most often self-limited and
caused by viruses, routine antibiotic use is not recommended for most adults with mild, watery diarrhea.
However, when used appropriately, antibiotics are effective against shigellosis, campylobacteriosis,
C. difficile colitis, traveler’s diarrhea, and protozoal infections. Furthermore, antibiotics use
should be considered in patients who are older than 65 years, immunocompromised, severely ill, or
septic.