bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Öffentlichkeitsgesetz: Gerichte stärken das Recht auf Zugang zu Verwaltungsakten
Authors: Daniel Kämpfer Annina Keller und
Published: May 2021

Die Rechtsprechung zum Öffentlichkeitsgesetz hat 2017 die Verwaltungsöffentlichkeit des Bun-des deutlich gestärkt. So fand z.B.das BVGer, dass bereits ein relativ loser Zusammenhang eines Dokuments mit der Erfüllung einer öffentlichen Aufgabe genügt, um dieses unter den Geltungsbereich des BGÖfallen zu lassen. In einem andern Entscheid erinnerte esdaran, dass pauschale Zugangsverweigerungen zu Dokumenten unter blossem Hinweis auf darin enthaltene Geschäftsgeheimnisse vor dem Öffentlichkeitsprinzip nicht standhalten. In einigen Entscheiden sind aber auch konzeptionelle Schönheitsfehler auszumachen. So berücksichtigt das BVGer bei der Prüfung eines Zu-gangsgesuches die Identität und die vermeintliche Absicht der Gesuchstellerin, beides Merkmale, die nach dem Wil-len des Gesetzgebers ausser Acht zu lassen wären.
Der Presserat fordert mehr Sorgfalt bei der Titelsetzung
Authors: Strebel Dominique
Published: May 2021

Der Presserat ist auch 2018 in über 100 Fällen angerufen worden. Auffällig viele seiner Stellungnahmen von 2018 befassten sich mit der Frage, ob Zuspitzungen in Titeln zulässig sind, und er formulierte dazu einen Appell: «Der Presserat ruft Blattmacher und andere für die Titelsetzung verantwortliche Journalisten auf, sich bei ihrer Arbeit an den Journalistenkodex zu halten. Wer mit überzogenen Titeln die Aussage im korrekten Lauftext verfälscht, diskreditiert auch die sorgfältige Arbeit seiner Kolleginnen und Kollegen», führte der Presserat in der Stellungnahme 54/2018 aus. Ebenfalls sticht ins Auge, dass viele Entscheide des Jahres 2018 die „Basler Zeitung“ betreffen. Dies hat nicht zuletzt mit den Aktivitäten des Vereins Fairmedia zu tun.
Quand le duc n’est pas un vrai duc et que la « folie des truites » fait le buzz
Authors: Julien Francey Christiana Fountoulakis et
Published: May 2021

En 2018, le Tribunal fédéral n’a rendu aucun arrêt destiné à la publication en droit civil dans des affaires impliquant des médias. En revanche, il a eu l’occasion de rendre un arrêt non publié relatif à la violation de la personnalité d’un duc dont le titre était remis en cause. Dans un autre arrêt non publié, le Tribunal fédéral s’est exprimé sur la formulation des conclusions lors d’une procédure de mesures provisionnelles. En matière cantonale, on peut citer l’arrêt de la Cour constitutionnelle du canton du Jura qui s’est prononcée sur l’anonymisation d’un de ses jugements qui dévoilait le nom d’une personne suite à l’annulation de l’élection du maire de la commune de Porrentruy. Le Tribunal d’appel de Bâle-Ville s’est, quant à lui, penché sur le degré et le fardeau de la preuve en lien avec les mesures provisionnelles dirigées contre des médias. Deux décisions cantonales, une prononcée par le Tribunal cantonal fribourgeois et l’autre par le Tribunal supérieur zurichois, se sont consacrées au droit de réponse. Il convient également de relever la décision de première instance du Tribunal d’arrondissement de Zurich qui a admis la légitimation passive d’un moteur de recherche lors d’une violation des droits de la personnalité au sens de l’art. 28 CC. S’agissant de la jurisprudence de la CourEDH, on peut évoquer l’affaire GRA Stiftung où une ONG avait qualifié de « racisme verbal » le discours d’un politicien UDC qui s’était exprimé lors de l’initiative contre les minarets.
Einscannen von Büchern in Bibliotheken
Authors: Hürlimann Daniel
Published: May 2021

Dieser Beitrag untersucht die Frage, ob das Einscannen ganzer Bücher in Bibliotheken als Anwendungsfall des Eigengebrauchs erlaubt ist. Dazu wird nebst dem Wortlaut von Art. 19 URG auch auf die Entstehungsgeschichte sowie den Regelungszweck und die Systematik eingegangen. Der Autor gelangt zum Ergebnis, dass das Einscannen ganzer Bücher für den persönlichen Eigengebrauch zulässig ist, sofern es durch die eigengebrauchsberechtigte Person selbst erfolgt.
Ein Sieg für das Redaktionsgeheimnis
Authors: Schwaibold Matthias
Published: May 2021

Der Europäische Gerichtshof für Menschenrechte rügt in einem Kammerentscheid einstimmig die Schweiz: Sie habe Art. 10 EMRK verletzt, indem einer Journalistin die Berufung auf das Redaktionsgeheimnis versagt worden war und sie zur Zeugenaussage verpflichtet wurde. Das Bundesgericht hatte – entgegen dem Basler Appellationsgericht – im beschriebenen Drogenhandel eine «Katalogtat» im Sinne von Art. 172 Abs. 2 lit. b StPO gesehen und deshalb den Antrag der Staatsanwaltschaft gestützt. Diese wollte von der Journalistin den Namen eines von ihr in einem Zeitungsartikel porträtierten Drogenhändlers. Der EGMR befand dagegen, dass in jedem Einzelfall konkret eine Interessenabwägung vorgenommen und geprüft werden müsse, ob das öffentliche Interesse eine Aufhebung des Redaktionsgeheimnisses gebiete. Das wurde vorliegend verneint, womit ein Verstoss gegen die EMRK vorliegt.
Anliegen gutgeheissen – Beschwerde abgewiesen
Authors: Schütz Christoph
Published: May 2021

Verstösst eine Lokalzeitung gegen die Wahrheitspflicht, wenn sie in einem Bericht, den sie von einer überregionalen Zeitung oder einer Mantelredaktion bezogen hat, schreibt «Recherchen dieser Zeitung bestätigen dies», obwohl sie selber nicht recherchiert hat? In seiner Stellungnahme 73/2020 verneint dies der Presserat, empfiehlt aber Medien, die Mantelinhalte von verlagsexternen Lieferanten beziehen, die Herkunft dieser Artikel in der Autorenzeile zu deklarieren. Der Beschwerdeführer und Autor hält die Argumentation des Presserates für in sich widersprüchlich, sage dieser doch selber, dass eine genaue Bezeichnung von Quellen relevant sei, um den Stellenwert einer Information einschätzen zu können.
Wenn der Besuch bei Hausbesetzern zum Hausfriedensbruch wird
Authors: David Hug Markus Prazeller und
Published: May 2021

Eine Journalistin hatte eine besetzte Villa in Luzern aufgesucht und sich dort mit Hausbesetzern getroffen. Über ihren Besuch publizierte sie eine Reportage. Sie wurde erstinstanzlich wegen Hausfriedensbruchs zu 500 CHF Busse verurteilt. Das Kantonsgericht Luzern bestätigte den Schuldspruch. Gemäss den Autoren ist das Urteil sorgfältig abgefasst und liegt auf der Linie der bundesgerichtlichen Rechtsprechung. Sie bemängeln aber, dass das Kantonsgericht auf die Berichterstattung der beschuldigten Journalistin abstellt und damit eine ex-post-Betrachtung vorgenommen hat. Diese greife zu kurz. Vielmehr müsste untersucht werden, ob zum Zeitpunkt der Recherche (und damit der Tathandlung) ein allgemeines Interesse an der Informationsbeschaffung bestanden habe.
A study on the effect of vidangadi compound on lipid profile and fasting blood sugar
Authors: Perera Surangi sajeewane , S.M.S. Samarakoon
Published: May 2021

Sthaulya is included under eight undesirable conditions (Ashtau Nindita), Shleshma Nanatmaa, Samtarpana Nimittaja, Atinindita, Ati Brihmana Nimittaja, and Bahu Dosha Janita Vikara. Moreover, Sushruta has emphasized on metabolic disturbances (Dhatva agnimandya) in the etiopathogenesis of Sthaulya.  The World Health Organization (WHO) defines BMI between 25 -29.9 is overweight and BMI greater than 30 is obesity. The   present study is a clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of Vidangadi Compound (VC) on Obesity and type II diabetes.  Diagnosed patients were selected from Ayurveda Teaching Hospital at Borella from the period of January 2015 to May 2016. Thirty patients (30) who had BMI between 25 to 45 and fasting blood glucose <200 mg/dl were included in the study. Subjective assessment criteria were the sympoms of obesity with proper grading whereas objective criteria were BMI, body circumferences, skin-fold thickness, Lipid profile and FBS. Data were analyzed by using SPSS statistical software. In this study, Vidangadi Compound (VC) in the form of pill was given 1 g (each pill 500mg) at 8.00 A.M & 6.00 P.M before meal for eight weeks with 5 ml bee honey. VC improved Sphik Chalata,  Anga Gaurava, Anga daurgandaya, Ati- kshudha, Daurbalya, Sewedadikya, Uthsha hani, Gathrasada, Udara Chalata, Sthana Chalata, body circumferences, BMI, Skin Fold Thickness, Fasting Blood Sugar  (from 96.30Â±1.63 to 92.61Â±1.58),  Triglyceride (from126.94 Â± 8.28 to 115.84 Â± 9.02) and HDL(from 46.88 Â±1.98 to52.13Â±1.01) in statistically highly significant manner (p<0.001).  VC is composed of Katu (66.6%), Tikta  (50% ) and Kashaya rasa (83.33%); Laghu  (33.33%),  Ruksha (33.3%), Thiksna (16.66%), Sukshma  (16.6%) and yogavahi guna ( 16.6%); Ushana virya (50%) and Katu vipaka (83.3%).  Collectively, these properties of VC are responsible in improving subjective as well as objective parameters of sthaulya especially Lipid profile and Fasting Blood Sugar significantly.
Metabolic Syndrome In Ayurveda & Its Prevention
Authors: Waghe Subhash , Agrawal Kavita
Published: May 2021

Metabolic syndrome, refers to a group of conditions common in people with insulin resistance, including higher than normal blood glucose levels, increased waist size due to excess abdominal fat (Obesity), high blood pressure and abnormal levels of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood.  People with metabolic syndrome have an increased risk of developing type 2diabetes and CVD. More than 10 million cases of metabolic syndrome occurs per year in India. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome increases with age and about 40% of people above 60 years are affected with metabolic syndrome.  Diabetes occurs as chronic sequel of metabolic syndrome.  In the whole world, nearly about 24% of the population is suffering from diabetes. As per WHO, its percentage may go as high as 40-45% in 2020. So, there is intense need to know the graveness of the disease and to understand the possible ways of prevention.
A CLINICAL STUDY ON THE EFFICACY OF JAMBOOBIJA CHURNA IN SHAYYAMUTRA (ENURESIS) W.S.R. TO NOCTURNAL ENURESIS.
Authors: Renushe Abhijeet shankar
Published: May 2021

Children in the modern age suffer at large due to physical problems; in addition to that they suffer from psychological problems too. The event leaves a lasting impression on the tender mind of children and later become the cause of behavioral or psychosomatic disease. Ancient scholars have also described Shayyamutra as psychosomatic origin. Enuresis is one of the obstinate problems. Enuresis is defined as the voluntary or involuntary repeated discharge of urine into cloth or bed after a developmental age when bladder control should be established. Due to this problem a lot of concealment and profound repercussions occur in family life, since a childâ€™s psychosomatic health and mothers pride involved with this problem.
Therefore, this study was planned keeping in mind the mental condition of parents as well as the children. For this, 60 patients of age group 6 to 10 years of both sexes were randomly selected from OPD of the department of Kaumarbhritya of D.Y.Patil College of Ayurveda,Nerul,New Mumbai Maharashtra and divided into two groups, i.e. 30 in each group. Jamboobija churna (trial drug) was administered to 30 such children with counseling. Another set of 30 children was administered with wheat flour churna (placebo drug) with counseling. All children were subjected to clinical signs and symptoms, before treatment and 2 month after treatment.
The study has proved that efficacy of the trial drug along with counseling is found to be effective for Shayyamutra.
Study of hyperlipidemia and Ayurvedic concept of meda dhatwagnimandya.
Authors: Gune Dr.Pallavi Abhijit
Published: May 2021

Changing lifestyle is the common cause of many diseases. Nowadays Hyperlipidemia & obesity are the two global problems. So Ayurvedic concepts of lipids (meda) & staulya & its treatment is the best remedy to overcome these problems. I have tried to elaborate the concept of correlation of meda & lipids & dhatwagnimandya. Even the endocrinal dysfunctions causing the high lipid levels & obecity.
Sleep Disturbance During Quarantine in the Era of the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Pandemic
Authors: Sahli Seham , Bin Nafisah Sharafaldeen
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
Background Quarantine has been shown to affect sleep quality in previous analyses. However, a thorough investigation of the association between sleep disturbance and COVID-19 infection during quarantine is still lacking. Aim We aim to determine the impact of quarantine on sleep quality and such impact to anxiety. We also aim to investigate the use of medication and its impact on sleep quality during quarantine. Methods A cross-sectional study conducted in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia during September 2020. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Generalised Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD-7) were used. Results The number of participants was 327, with an infection rate of 53.6% (n= 175). 60.8% (n=189) were quarantined. The mean PSQI score was 5.69 (SD=3.17), those who were quarantined had a higher score (M=6.33, SD=2.99) than those who were not (M=4.57, SD=3.23). After we control for the confounding of anxiety, the PSQI score was also higher in those quarantined (M=0.59, SD=0.26) than in those who were not (M=0.48, SD=0.31); t(120)=2.08, p<0.05. Zinc was noted to have a significant positive effect on sleep quality and anxiety level. Conclusion This analysis provides new insight into the effect of quarantine and anxiety levels on sleep quality.
Leaving The Emergency Department Without Being Seen or Without Complete Treatment; A Study From Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mishal Abdulrahman Almarshady  , Sharafaldeen Bin Nafisah  , Yousef Almubarak  , Althobyane Husam
Published: May 2021

Background, The attitude of Leaving the emergency department (ED) without being seen or without completing treatment is attributed to prolonged waiting time. The impact of such behaviour and fate of such patients remain undetermined. Aim This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Left Without Being Seen (LWBS) and Left Without Completing Treatment (LWCT), analyse the contributing factors for such behaviour and the mortality rate within one week of leaving the ED. Methods A retrospective observational study was performed in a tertiary hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, for three months. All adult patients of more than  14  years of age who visited the ED and LWBS or LWCT were included. Patients were seen by physicians and triaged-out, and those who were directed towards the outpatient clinic were excluded. Patients were asked about the reason for leaving, and their intention to return to the same ED again via call. Results The total number of LWBS and LWCT was 286 patients, with a response rate of 75%. The mean age was 45.8 years. About 46.6% sought medical help within seven days of leaving ED. However, the mortality rate was nil. Many patients (69.3%) reported their intention to revisit the same ED in the near future. A positive correlation was found between increasing age and admission within the same seven days’ period. Conclusion Prolonged waiting time is a public health concern that needs management strategies, the number of patients whom LWBS and LWCT require continuous monitoring and exploration.
Self-Medication Practices among MBBS students in North Indian Medical College
Authors: Singh Ranjodh Jeet , Kohli Kanika
Published: May 2021

Background: Self-medication is defined as selection and use of medicines by individuals to treat self-recognized or self-diagnosed conditions or symptoms. Self-medication can lead to various health problems like adverse drug reactions, prolonged suffering, and drug-dependence and increase resistance among various pathogens. Very few studies have evaluated its pattern and prevalence in physiotherapy students. Material and Methods: Study setting: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted on the second year MBBS students of Maharishi Markandeshwar institute of Medical sciences and research collaborated with a tertiary care hospital in North India. Study design: A questionnaire consisting of open and close ended questions related to various aspects of self-medication was distributed to the students. An informed consent was given to them and only the students, who gave consent, anonymously filled the questionnaire and participated in this present study. Results: A total of 104 students, two incomplete questionnaires were excluded and remaining 102 were analyzed. The most common ailment for seeking self-medication was common cold and cough (44.11%), sore throat (24.50%), fever (12.74%), pain abdomen, heartburn, diarrhoea, menstrual cramps, gynecological infections (18.62%) are the main factors attributed to predominant ailment which leads them to self medicate. The commonly/frequently used drugs or combination drug therapy included were antipyretics including paracetamol (32.35%), NSAIDs including aspirin(23.52%), antibiotics including antimicrobials(15.68%), Antihistaminics (9.5%), Antifungals including topical ointments/lotions(10.78%%), and other miscellaneous accounting for 7.84%.According to our documented results cost effectiveness (65.68%) has emerged as the prominent reason for self medication, followed by time saving (13.72%), further ease (12.74%) for reaching the drug/medicine as considered by participants as the valid point through pharmacy or leftovers. and last but not least learning opportunities (07.84%) were also accounting as the interesting reason for this pattern of self medication. Conclusions: Our study concludes that self-medication pattern is widely practiced among second year MBBS students of this institute. As the pattern of self medication is very high as documented in this study thus, there is affirm need to make them aware about the advantages and disadvantages of self-medication in order to ensure optimistic usage of pattern of self medication with reduced errors and wholesome advantages.
Insect Pests Associated With Ornamental Plants
Authors: Khan Mehroz , Lanjar Abdul Ghani , Chang Babar Hussain , Bukero Aslam , Rajput Ammara , Magsi Fida Hussain , Shah Raheela , Solangi Abdul Waheed , Chang Asif Hussain
Published: May 2021

The experiment was conducted during winter season 2014-15 at Sindh Agriculture University Nursery, Tandojam, Pakistan. Five ornamental plants viz; ixora, chrysanthemum, vine, sunflower and jasmine were kept under observation. Collection was done once a week through in situ and sweep net methods. Data was collected by examining 10 randomly selected plants of each ornamental plant species. The collected specimens were brought in the laboratory and identified at species level. The results indicated that there were 24 insect species found active on the ornamental plant species during study period. However, aphid, shield bug, flower feeder, white ant, whitefly, red spider mite and mealy bug were found the most active on Ixora. Aphids, leaf miner, flower feeder, green grass hopper, midges, earwigs and whitefly were found associated with Chrysanthemum. Similarly, aphid, blister mite, mealy bug, midges, red mite and whitefly were found active on vine ornamental creeper. The insects found active on sunflower were aphids, butterfly, green grass hopper, hairy caterpillar, head borer, leaf hopper, midges, ground beetle, red spider mite and white ants. Jasmine plant harboured red spider mite, whitefly, jasmine bug, leaf hopper, white ant and green grass hopper. Among beneficial insects such as predators, pollinators and parasitoids, the green lacewing, honey bee, hoverfly, Trichogramma, praying mantis, zigzag beetle and Tachinid fly were the active insects on all ornamental plants kept under observation. Aphids were found frequently occurring on most of the ornamental plants.
Determinants of Biogas Technology Adoption in Pakistan
Authors: Ashraf Saleem , Luqman Muhammad , Hassan Zakaria Yousaf , Yaqoob Asif
Published: May 2021

This survey research based study sought determinants of biogas technology adoption in rural areas of Pakistan. Stratified random sampling technique was employed to select respondents because the population was unknown and heterogeneous in nature. Total 240 respondents (150 biogas users and 120 potential users) were selected and face to face interviewed using a structured, validated and pre-tested questionnaire. Along with descriptive analysis of data logistics regression model was applied to investigate the determinants of biogas adoption. Findings affirmed significant role of socio-economic characteristics  of respondents in the adoption of biogas technology. Empirical findings reported a significant impact of education, the income of households and the number of animals on the adoption of biogas technology. This implies that unit increase in education, income and number of animals will escalate the adoption of biogas technology. Tackling energy crisis, economic benefits, and production of slurry for soil fertility, health gains and environment-friendly nature of biogas were perceived reasons of biogas adoption among the biogas users. Non-government organizations and neighbours were leading motivational factors behind adoption as revealed by users. However, role of electronic media, print media and government institutionsin promoting biogas was reported dismal. This study urge that biogas is valuable alternative source of energy to combat energy crisis. In this way, provision of subsidies, interest free loans and technical backstopping could invoke potential users to adopt biogas technology.
Role of Automotive Industry in Global Warming
Authors: Abro Shahid Hussain , Chandio Alidad , Channa Iftikhar Ahmed , S. Alaboodi Abdulaziz
Published: May 2021

Global warming and air pollution by human made gases such as CO2, is mainly produced by automotive industry that results in great risk for human health. The aim of this study is to reduce the above problem by using the high strength materials with low density in the manufacturing of automotive vehicles. An approach applied here is to enhance the strength by reducing the grain size, lowering the density and increasing elongation. Four steel samples with different chemical compositions were selected. Samples were heat treated from 850 °C to 1250 °C and cooled in water. Grain size distribution was calculated using matrox inspector software and result was plotted using origin. It was found that 850 °C has lowest and 1250 °C has highest grain sizes. Strength of steel can be increased not only by adding the alloying elements but also by controlling grain size. Light weight material consumes lower fuel and emits lower CO2, thus it minimizes the global warming and air pollution.
A New Location Sensing Algorithm Based on DV-Hop and Quantum-Behaved Particle Swarm Optimization in WSN
Authors: Zhang Dan , Zhang Xiaohuan , Qi Hai
Published: May 2021

In wireless sensor network, the location sensing of the sensor nodes is practical. If there is no location information of the sensor nodes, the perceived data would have no meaning. In recent years, the range-free location sensing algorithms have got great attention. DV-Hop localization algorithm is one of the important algorithm in range-free location algorithms. It has high efficiency, convenient operation and low energy consumption. However, the localization accuracy cannot meet the requirements in some applications. In this paper, a new localization method is proposed, which is based on DV-Hop and Quantum-behaved Particle Swarm Optimization (QPSO) algorithm. First, it deals with the high influence of average single jumping distance and then modifies the calculation of it in the DV-Hop algorithm. Second, in order to solve the problem of the coordinate optimization in the DV-Hop algorithm, this study chooses QPSO algorithm to optimize the unknown nodes’ coordinates. Simulation results show that the new method can improve the localization accuracy of the unknown nodes obviously in WSN.
Nagyvárad at the Beginning of Parliamentarism
Authors: Szendrei Ákos
Published: May 2021

In the final decades of the 19th century Nagyvárad became a progressive, dominant town in the Austro-Hungarian Empire’s Kingdom of Hungary. The town’s prosperity overlapped with the emergence of the Hungarian civil institutional system, the founding of modern parliamentarism. The question is whether the town played a role in the new Hungarian House of Representatives in proportion to its weight or not. To what extent did Nagyvárad have the opportunity to be represented in accordance with its interests? The study reviews the role of Nagyvárad in the House of Representatives from two perspectives. The first is that the city is represented by only one person in the House of Representatives consisting of 413 (later 415) members. We examine to what extent Nagyvárad stands out from the other towns with a single mandate (Arad, Temesvár, Hódmezővásárhely, Kassa, Pécs, Győr, etc.) and to what extent it would fit with towns with several mandates (Debrecen, Kolozsvár, Miskolc, Marosvásárhely, Brassó, Nagyszeben, etc.). In the second half of the study, we examine the individual weight, party affiliation, and quality of individuals representing the town. We find an answer to the question of whether Nagyvárad belonged to the ranks of pro-government or rather opposition towns. Finally, we present a short biography of the politicians.
“İnsanca İş” Kavramı Özelinde Su Ürünleri Sektöründe İstihdam
Authors: BAKİ Birol , KARAYÜCEL İsmihan , YAVUZCAN Alparslan , YÜCEL Şennan
Published: May 2021

Çalışmada “insanca iş” kavramı özelinde Türkiye’de su ürünleri sektöründe istihdam konusu, mevcut veriler ışığında değerlendirilmektedir. İnsanca iş; insan onuruna yakışır çalışma koşullarında, iş sağlığı ve güvenliğine uygun, sosyal güvenlik imkanları ile sendika aracılığıyla temsil edilebilme olanaklarına sahip, zorla çalıştırma ve çocuk işçiliğinin olmadığı, yaptığı iş karşılığında hak ettiği ücreti alabilen, kısaca çalışmaya ilişkin temel hak ve ilkelerin hükümet, işçi ve işverenden oluşan üç taraflı uzlaşma içinde gerçekleştirilmesi olarak ifade edilmektedir. Aynı zamanda insanca işin dört temel unsurundan birisi istihdam yaratma olduğu bildirilmiştir. Gelişmiş toplumlarda su ürünleri tüketicileri artan bilinçle, tabaklarındaki balıkların yalnızca çevresel sürdürülebilirliği değil, insanca iş uygulamaları ile tutarlı bir şekilde üretilerek sofralarına gelmesini talep etmektedir.Balıkçılık ve su ürünleri yetiştiriciliği; tekne yapımı, liman, barınak ve rıhtımlarda yer alan onarım ve bakım atölyelerinde destek hizmetlerinin sağlanması gibi hasat öncesi faaliyetlerde içermektedir. Bu faaliyetler, hasat sonrası kadar çok işi kapsamamakla beraber, halen önemli bir işgücü oluşturmaktadır. Sektörde önümüzdeki yıllar için avcılık, işleme ve değerlendirme alanlarında istihdam bakımından belirsizlik gösterirken, su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinde yeni potansiyel alanların üretime sunulması ve mevcut üretim alanlarının kapasite yükseltmeleriyle istihdam artışının olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Suspension: Seeking Agency for Change in the Hypermobile World
Authors: Xiang Biao
Published: May 2021

"Suspension" is the translation of the Chinese term xuanfu, which has been widely used in public discussions in China since the mid-2010s. Suspension indicates a state of being in which people move frequently, conduct intensive labour, and pause routine life—in order to
benefit fast and then quickly escape. People keep moving, with no end in sight, instead of changing their current conditions, of which they disapprove. As a result, frantic entrepreneurial energy coexists with political resignation. Suspension is a life strategy, a multitude of experiences,
a feeling—and now, a keyword: a crystallized consciousness with which the public problematize their experiences. This special issue develops this term into an analytical approach based on ethnographic research involving labour migrants in and from China. This approach turns migration
into a basis for critical analyses on issues far beyond it; enables co-research between researchers, migrants, and the broader public; and seeks to cultivate agency for change among actors. This introductory essay, based on the author's long-term field research and public engagement, outlines
why we need such an approach, and how we might develop it.
Spaces of Suspension: Construction, Demolition, and Extension in a Beijing Migrant Neighbourhood
Authors: Ou Tzu-Chi
Published: May 2021

Communities with large concentrations of migrants, who often live in makeshift and illegal housing, have been common on the margins of large cities in China since the 1980s. Why do so-called "urban villages" persist and even flourish despite repeated government crackdowns? By addressing
this question, this article sheds light on a subtle dynamic of city making that has not been fully appreciated by scholarly literature and media reports that have focused on large-scale demolition and eviction in China's rapid urbanization. Drawing from my two years of field research in Hua
village, a community on Beijing's fringes in line for land expropriation, I explore how multilateral negotiations between local residents (villagers), migrant tenants, the village committee, and municipal government led to a cyclical movement of temporary housing construction, demolition,
and extension. The dynamics of recurring demolishment and reconstruction engendered spaces of suspension, which enabled migrants to enter the urban economy at a low cost. Such spaces, however, offered no formal protection or basis for developing lasting social relations, and always faced the
prospect of being demolished, but nevertheless were constantly available and even expanding.
Chinese Workers in Ethiopia Caught between Remaining and Returning
Authors: Driessen Miriam
Published: May 2021

Ever since Beijing has sought to fuel domestic growth through Chinese-led development overseas—first under the aegis of Jiang Zemin's Going Out Policy and more recently as part of Xi Jinping's Belt and Road Initiative— thousands of Chinese have moved overseas for work. Africa
has been one of the destinations of Chinese companies and their expatriate staff. Although we have learned a great deal about China's mega-projects across the African continent, little is known about the certified engineers and experienced builders who carry them out. What brings them to Africa?
And, more importantly, what makes them stay for years on end, even if they wish to return to China? In this article I zoom in on the lives of Chinese men employed in Ethiopia's construction industry to show how three decades of domestic growth in China has pushed workers overseas, while jeopardizing
their return. Workers' lives are marked by double displacement. They are not only isolated from local African communities through a dormitory labour regime that controls their time and limits their mobility, but also, more importantly, they are displaced from social life in China. Domestic
development has at once increased aspirations and made them harder to obtain, especially for men, who are expected to fulfill the promise of upward social mobility for themselves and their families. In order to realize aspirations and meet social expectations related to social reproduction,
geographic mobility has become a necessity for men who cannot rely on family wealth or connections, forcing them into a state of suspension.
Suspension 2.0: Segregated Development, Financial Speculation, and Waiting among Resettled Peasants in Urban China
Authors: Zhan Yang
Published: May 2021

Since the late 2000s, many rural-to-urban migrants in China have lost their rural land to development plans, resettled in designated areas, and acquired formal urban residency. They stopped migrating, and have apparently ended their life of "suspension," namely protracted mobility.
While most existing research literature on this population foregrounds the issue of land dispossession, this article argues that, following resettlement, these former migrants' lives can be more accurately characterized as a state of suspension instead of dispossession. Many resettled young
adults, while having secured livelihood thanks to state compensation, are excluded from the technology- and capital-intensive developments to which they have lost their land. Some of these young people instead became petty speculators and rentier capitalists by liquidating their compensated
assets through mortgages, private lending, rent, and other financial means. They are constantly waiting for the next investment opportunity and windfall gain. Although physically settled down and economically secure, they remain anxious and unsettled. They continue to orient their lives towards
an elusive future rather than striving to transform the here and now, thus living in a state that I call "suspension 2.0."
Factor Investment: Evaluating Persistence Effect for Investment Performance and Sustainability Exposure
Authors: Yang Xiaoshuang , Chen Xingyu
Published: May 2021

This research includes two separate studies. The first study is devoted to evaluating the persistence effect by analyzing performances of portfolios ranked based on previous performances under various factor models. The result shows that the shorter the holding period, the stronger the predictability and that the Multi-factor model has the highest explaining power for the excess return regarding the underlying factors. The second study is devoted to exploring how sustainable investing influences alpha by introducing a new sustainable factor to reflect the premium due to exposure to sin industries. The study result shows that there is no significant alpha associated with sustainable investing and that there is no significant return differential between funds that have high/low exposure to the sustainable factor.
Closing Gender Gaps in Climate-Smart Agriculture through Strengthening Women Rice Seed Farmer’s Capacities and Access to Quality Stress-tolerant Seed in Benin
Authors: Zossou Espérance , Agboh-Noameshie Afiavi R. , Assouma-Imorou Alidou
Published: May 2021

Climate change and stress conditions (drought; submergence, salinity, iron toxicity, and cold) disproportionately affect the poorest and most disadvantaged rice farmers, forcing them deeper into poverty. Recent advances in genetics and breeding enable the development of rice varieties tolerant of these abiotic stresses and their cultivation can substantially contribute to poverty alleviation in unfavourable environments and for poor rice consumers globally. Through the program Stress-Tolerant Rice for Africa and South Asia (STRASA), fourteen new stress-tolerant varieties were released, produced and distributed in Sub-Saharan Africa to reach millions of poor farmers. However, ignoring women’s contributions to agriculture and particular in seed production and failing to design strategies to reach them with new varieties miss significant opportunities to reduce poverty. This study investigates on gender issues in rice seed production in Benin through a gender analysis of the division of labour, access and control of resources, livelihood, and constraints and opportunities faced. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected with 29 women and 29 men seeds producers using both the Harvard Analytical and the Sustainable Livelihoods Frameworks. Data showed that women are central in rice seed production; but are marginalized in their access and control of resources. Given to women resources property rights as well as improving their control on resources will help them to be more performant as seed producers. These areas for action are important in designing and implementing activities in gender-responsive ways for sustainable Stress-Tolerant Rice seed multiplication, dissemination and out scaling in Africa.
Inleiding: het correctief referendum
Authors: Metze Tamara
Published: May 2021

Dossier

In this feature authors discuss recent research findings that are of interest to readers of Beleid en Maatschappij.
Het correctief referendum en de opgeschroefde uitkomstdrempel: vragen om problemen
Authors: Hendriks Frank
Published: May 2021

Dossier

In this feature authors discuss recent research findings that are of interest to readers of Beleid en Maatschappij.
Onrealistische uitkomstdrempel maakt van referendum een tantaluskwelling
Authors: van der Meer Tom
Published: May 2021

Dossier

In this feature authors discuss recent research findings that are of interest to readers of Beleid en Maatschappij.
The Hallmarks of the Legislative Drafting Process in Common Law Systems:
Authors: Gule Nomalanga Pearl
Published: May 2021

The Hallmarks of the Legislative Drafting Process in Common Law Systems: A Comparative Study of Eswatini and Ghana

This research study is an attempt to test the comparative criteria developed by Stefanou in his work where he discusses the characteristics that defines the drafting process in the two most dominant legal systems, common and civil law. It examines the legislative drafting process in common law countries with the aim to establish if the comparative criteria identify with the process that defines the drafting of legislation in those jurisdictions. Two common law jurisdictions were selected and an in-depth comparative analysis of steps undertaken in their drafting process was done. The scope of the study is only confined to the drafting process in the common law system and the criteria that is tested are those which define the drafting process in the common law jurisdictions only.
Parliamentary Control of Delegated Legislation
Authors: Chae Mikang
Published: May 2021

Parliamentary Control of Delegated Legislation: Lessons from a Comparative Study of the UK Parliament and the Korean National Assembly

As the scale of administrative agencies expands and their functions become more specialized in the complex and variable administrative reality, delegated legislation has increased explosively. This article examines the need for the introduction of appropriate parliamentary controls to prevent harm caused by the flood of delegated legislation. Through comparison with the UK Parliament, this article identifies the relative position of the Korean National Assembly and presents measures to strengthen parliamentary scrutiny on delegated legislation.
Unwrapping the Effectiveness Test as a Measure of Legislative Quality
Authors: Italeli Talia Laingane
Published: May 2021

Unwrapping the Effectiveness Test as a Measure of Legislative Quality: A Case Study of the Tuvalu Climate Change Resilience Act 2019
DVORETZKY-ROGERS THEOREM FOR SEQUENCE SPACES WITH $\sigma\mu$-TOPOLOGY
Authors: DEHERI G. M.
Published: May 2021

In this article Dvoretzky-Rogers theorem has been established for the sequence spaces equipped with $\sigma\mu$-topology.
ANGULAR ESTIMATIONS OF CERTAIN ANALYTIC FUNCTIONS
Authors: CHO NAK EUN , KIM IN HWA
Published: May 2021

The object of the present paper is to investigate some argument properties of certain analytic functions in the open unit disk. Our resuIt contain some interesting corollaries as the special cases.
APPLICATIONS OF IYENGAR'S TYPE INEQUALITIES TO THE ESTIMATION OF ERROR BOUNDS FOR THE TRAPEZOIDAL QUADRATURE RULE
Authors: DRAGOMIR SEVERS , WANG SONG
Published: May 2021

In this paper we discuss some applications of the classical Iyengar'a inequality and its generalization by Agarwal and Drngomir [1] to the estimation of error bounds for the trapezoidal quadrature rule in numeracal integration.
AN ANALYSIS TO THE TRAVELLING WAVE SOLUTION OF A DIFFUSIVE MODEL OF AN EPIDEMIC
Authors: ABUAL-RUB M. S.
Published: May 2021

An SIR model of an epidemic with spatial spread is considered, an equilibrium and stability analysis has been done and then the behavior to the travelling wave solution of the model is obtained.
Interferon-gamma release assays for latent tuberculosis infection screening in Canadian federal correctional facilities
Authors: Agostinis A. , Heffernan C. , Long R. , Beckon A. , Cockburn S. , Ahmed R.
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: The correctional setting presents an opportunity for latent TB infection (LTBI) screening in an otherwise difficult to reach demographic. We evaluate factors associated with the fidelity of the tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA),
specifically the QuantiFERON®-TB Gold In-Tube assay (QFT-GIT), explain factors associated with discordance, and report LTBI treatment outcomes.METHODS: We describe the association between demographic and clinical variables, and predictors of concordance with IGRA
using univariate logistic regression in a population of TST-positive inmates. We report outcomes among those offered LTBI treatment.RESULTS: We observed concordance between TST and QFT-GIT in 90 of 306 (29.4%) inmates. Persons with TST+/QFT-GIT+ results were less likely to be male
(OR 3.94, 95% CI 1.73–8.97) or have a BCG vaccination history (OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.12–0.95), and more likely to be foreign-born (P < 0.001). Of the 108 inmates offered LTBI treatment, 65 (60.1%) accepted and 51 (78.0%) completed. TST/QFT-GIT discordance has not been associated
with disease during follow-up.CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that TST/QFT-GIT discordance in Canadian federal inmates is common; however, low-risk of disease progression in those with discordance suggests that a shift towards IGRA-based screening is warranted and feasible.
The impact of COVID-19 on TB: a review of the data
Authors: McQuaid C. F. , Vassall A. , Cohen T. , Fiekert K. , COVID/TB Modelling Working Group					*  , White R. G.
Published: May 2021

Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, models predicted hundreds of thousands of additional TB deaths as a result of health service disruption. To date, empirical evidence on the effects of COVID-19 on TB outcomes has been limited. Here we summarise the evidence available at a country level,
identifying broad mechanisms by which COVID-19 may modify TB burden and mitigation efforts. From the data, it is clear that there have been substantial disruptions to TB health services and an increase in vulnerability to TB. Evidence for changes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission
is limited, and it remains unclear how the resources required and available for the TB response have changed. To advocate for additional funding to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on the global TB burden, and to efficiently allocate resources for the TB response, requires a significant improvement
in the TB data available.
Especializando Ações de Transparência para Qualidade no Desenvolvimento de Software no Setor Público
Authors: De Macedo Fabíola Ferreira , Vilain Patrícia
Published: May 2021

O anseio das sociedades atuais por mais transparência gerou às instituições públicas a necessidade de estabelecer mecanismos que demonstrem transparência de suas informações e seus processos. Este artigo apresenta definições para transparência e transparência de software, e aborda como a inclusão de requisitos de qualidade durante a especificação de requisitos pode refletir na melhoria da transparência no setor público. Propõe-se a especialização de um checklist com 51 ações voltadas a transparência (checkTrans). Como resultado sugere-se 19 ações essenciais para transparência que foram avaliadas considerando-se o atendimento a requisitos de qualidade.
Similar Characteristics of Internal Software Quality Attributes for Object-Oriented Open-Source Software Projects
Authors: Santos Mariana , Amador Rodrigo , Bermejo Paulo Henrique De Souza , Costa Heitor
Published: May 2021

Organizations are becoming increasingly concerned about software quality. In object-oriented (OO) systems, quality is characterized by measurements of internal quality attributes. An efficient and proper method to analyze software quality in the absence of fault-prone or defective data labels is cluster analysis. The aim of this paper is to find similarities among project structures by measuring characteristics of internal software quality. In a sample of 150 open-source software systems, we evaluated software using macro and micro categories. Results obtained using cluster analysis indicated that some domains such as Graphics, Games, and Development tend to have similarities in specialization, abstraction, stability, and complexity. These results exploit the ability of OO software metrics to find similar behavior across domains. The results provide an immediate view of the trends and characteristics of internal software quality of Java systems that need to be addressed so that software systems can continue to be maintainable.
Fatores que influenciam na migração do MPS.BR para o CMMI nas empresas de software brasileiras
Authors: Guedes Rhavy M. , Guedes Rharon M. , De Vasconcelos Alexandre L.
Published: May 2021

A indústria de software no Brasil investe cada vez mais em melhoria dos seus processos, sendo o modelo MPS uma opção economicamente viável.Contudo, muitas empresas nacionais migram sua avaliação do MPS para o CMMI. Neste contexto, esta pesquisa busca identificar os fatores que influenciam a migração do modelo MPS para o CMMI. Foram analisadas as listas das empresas avaliadas pelo MPS e CMMI, também, executada umarevisão não sistemática da literatura e duas pesquisas de campo. Foram encontradas evidências de migração dos níveis iniciais do MPS para o CMMI e os fatores que envolvem a internacionalização e exigência dos clientes foram apontados como motivadores principais.
Manutenibilidade de Tecnologias para Programação de Linhas de Produtos de Software: Um Estudo Comparativo
Authors: Reis José Natanael , Vale Gustavo , Costa Heitor
Published: May 2021

No contexto de Linha de Produtos de Software (LPS), é visado o reúso sistemático e em larga escala. A manutenibilidade da LPS deve ser elevada, pois a mudança em um módulo pode impactar em vários produtos. Dessa forma, descobrir qual tecnologia/linguagem possui maior manutenibilidade, pode ajudar empresas desenvolvedoras de software, que necessitam de constantes alterações, a escolher a tecnologia de desenvolvimento. Neste trabalho, o objetivo é avaliar a manutenibilidade de três LPSs equivalentes implementadas com Programação Orientada a Características utilizando AHEAD, Programação Orientada a Aspectos utilizando AspectJ e com Programação Orientada a Delta utilizando DeltaJ. Um conjunto de seis medidas capazes de avaliar quatro atributos (tamanho,coesão, acoplamento e complexidade) foi utilizado na avaliação. Como resultados, houve diferença significativa na comparação, apenas para uma das seis medidas utilizadas no qual a manutenibilidade das LPSs desenvolvidas com AspectJ e DeltaJ são consideradas a mesma, no entanto, melhores que a LPS em AHEAD.
Alinhando Perspectivas de Qualidade em Código Fonte a Partir de Estudos Experimentais - Um Caso na Indústria
Authors: Ribeiro Talita V. , Travassos Guilherme H.
Published: May 2021

Atividades de retrabalho são responsáveis por grande parte dos custos de um projeto de desenvolvimento de software, sendo que parte poderia ser evitada. Este artigo apresenta a estratégia de pesquisa, guiada por diferentes estudos experimentais, utilizada para auxiliar uma empresa de desenvolvimento de software de médio porte a reduzir riscos com atividades de retrabalho. Diretrizes de codificação para legibilidade e compreensibilidade baseadas em evidência e adequadas para o contexto organizacional foram propostas como medida para alinhar diferentes perspectivas de qualidade em código fonte e, assim, reduzir o risco de reconstrução de código fonte na organização, sem, contudo, deixar de serem aplicáveis a outros contextos organizacionais.