bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rigid Body Sampling and Individual Time Stepping for Rigid-Fluid Coupling of Fluid Simulation
Authors: Wang Xiaokun , Ban Xiaojuan , Zhang Yalan , Liu Xu
Published: March 2017

In this paper, we propose an efficient and simple rigid-fluid coupling scheme with scientific programming algorithms for particle-based fluid simulation and three-dimensional visualization. Our approach samples the surface of rigid bodies with boundary particles that interact with fluids. It contains two procedures, that is, surface sampling and sampling relaxation, which insures uniform distribution of particles with less iterations. Furthermore, we present a rigid-fluid coupling scheme integrating individual time stepping to rigid-fluid coupling, which gains an obvious speedup compared to previous method. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
NR4A3 Suppresses Lymphomagenesis through Induction of Proapoptotic Genes
Authors: Deutsch Alexander J.A. , Rinner Beate , Pichler Martin , Prochazka Katharina , Pansy Katrin , Bischof Marco , Fechter Karoline , Hatzl Stefan , Feichtinger Julia , Wenzl Kerstin , Frisch Marie-Therese , Stiegelbauer Verena , Prokesch Andreas , Krogsdam Anne , Sill Heinz , Thallinger Gerhard G. , Greinix Hildegard T. , Wang Chenguang , Beham-Schmid Christine , Neumeister Peter
Published: March 2017

Nuclear orphan receptor NR4A1 exerts an essential tumor suppressor function in aggressive lymphomas. In this study, we investigated the hypothesized contribution of the related NR4A family member NR4A3 to lymphomagenesis. In aggressive lymphoma patients, low expression of NR4A3 was associated with poor survival. Ectopic expression or pharmacological activation of NR4A3 in lymphoma cell lines led to a significantly higher proportion of apoptotic cells. In a mouse NSG xenograft model of lymphoma (stably transduced SuDHL4 cells), NR4A3 expression abrogated tumor growth, compared with vector control and uninduced cells that formed massive tumors. Transcript analysis of four different aggressive lymphoma cell lines overexpressing either NR4A3 or NR4A1 revealed that apoptosis was driven similarly by induction of BAK, Puma, BIK, BIM, BID, and Trail. Overall, our results showed that NR4A3 possesses robust tumor suppressor functions of similar impact to NR4A1 in aggressive lymphomas. Cancer Res; 77(9); 2375–86. ©2017 AACR.
Krüppel-like Transcription Factor KLF10 Suppresses TGFβ-Induced Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition via a Negative Feedback Mechanism
Authors: Mishra Vivek Kumar , Subramaniam Malayannan , Kari Vijayalakshmi , Pitel Kevin S. , Baumgart Simon J. , Naylor Ryan M. , Nagarajan Sankari , Wegwitz Florian , Ellenrieder Volker , Hawse John R. , Johnsen Steven A.
Published: March 2017

TGFβ–SMAD signaling exerts a contextual effect that suppresses malignant growth early in epithelial tumorigenesis but promotes metastasis at later stages. Longstanding challenges in resolving this functional dichotomy may uncover new strategies to treat advanced carcinomas. The Krüppel-like transcription factor, KLF10, is a pivotal effector of TGFβ/SMAD signaling that mediates antiproliferative effects of TGFβ. In this study, we show how KLF10 opposes the prometastatic effects of TGFβ by limiting its ability to induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). KLF10 depletion accentuated induction of EMT as assessed by multiple metrics. KLF10 occupied GC-rich sequences in the promoter region of the EMT-promoting transcription factor SLUG/SNAI2, repressing its transcription by recruiting HDAC1 and licensing the removal of activating histone acetylation marks. In clinical specimens of lung adenocarcinoma, low KLF10 expression associated with decreased patient survival, consistent with a pivotal role for KLF10 in distinguishing the antiproliferative versus prometastatic functions of TGFβ. Our results establish that KLF10 functions to suppress TGFβ-induced EMT, establishing a molecular basis for the dichotomy of TGFβ function during tumor progression. Cancer Res; 77(9); 2387–400. ©2017 AACR.
Effect of Diindolylmethane on Estrogen-related Hormones, Metabolites and Tamoxifen Metabolism: Results of a Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial
Authors: Thomson CA , Chow SHH , Roe D , Wertheim B , Chalasani P , Altbach M , Thompson P , Stopek A , Maskaranic G
Published: March 2017

Dietary supplement use is high among breast cancer survivors. One compound natural to cruciferous vegetables, diindolylmethane (DIM), is among the supplements commonly used. This bioactive compound has significant experimental evidence for bioactivity in breast chemoprevention. Sparse evidence in the form of well-designed human clinical trials exist to test its efficacy or safety. Methods: In this double-blind placebo-controlled study women taking tamoxifen for breast cancer primary or tertiary prevention were randomly assigned to receive 150 mg DIM (BioResponse(BR)-DIM) twice daily or a placebo for a minimum period of 12 months. Primary outcome was change in urinary estrogen metabolites 2-hydroxyestrone and 16α-hydroxyestrone (baseline to 6 weeks, 6 and 12 months). Secondary endpoints included breast density by mammogram and fat:water ratio MRI (baseline to 12 months) and serum estrogens (baseline to 6, 12 months). Safety data were also evaluated, including tamoxifen metabolites. Results: Adherence to study pills was >91% by pill count and urinary DIM metabolite assessment. In participants assigned DIM there was a significant and sustained shift in urinary estrogen metabolism favoring a higher 2-OH:16α-OH ratio; sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) was also increased. No change in breast density was demonstrated. Safety analysis showed no appreciable differences in adverse events by treatment arm; however, tamoxifen metabolism for the parent compound as well as endoxifen and 4-OH endoxifen were appreciably reduced in women assigned to the DIM arm. Conclusions In this first large study of DIM in the setting of breast cancer chemoprevention, a favorable shift in estrogen metabolism and SHBG was demonstrated. However, the reduction in tamoxifen metabolites raises concern regarding the potential interaction between DIM and tamoxifen, an area in need of continued research. Impact Given the widespread and generally unsupported use of dietary supplementation by breast cancer survivors, these data will help to inform the use of DIM as a dietary supplement for breast cancer patients receiving tamoxifen.
Racial/Ethnic Differences in the Use and Discontinuation of Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy by Hormone-Receptor Status in Association with Mortality among Breast Cancer Patients Enrolled in Medicare Part D
Authors: Farias AJ , Du XL
Published: March 2017

Purpose: To determine whether racial/ethnic differences in the use and discontinuation of adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) differed by hormone-receptor status and was associated with an increased risk of mortality. Methods: We used the SEER/Medicare dataset to conduct a retrospective cohort study of women diagnosed with stage 0-IV breast cancer from 2007–2009 enrolled in Medicare Part D. Women were stratified based on tumor stage and hormone-receptor status (positive, negative, unknown). We performed multivariable logistic regression to assess racial differences in the odds of AET initiation and two Cox proportional hazards models to determine the risk of AET discontinuation and overall mortality. Discontinuation was defined as ≥120 consecutive days without AET medication. All analyses were adjusted for sociodemographic, comorbidities, treatment (surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy), and prognostic factors (tumor stage, size, grade, lymph node involvement). Results: Of the 19,960 women diagnosed with breast cancer, 59.3% initiated AET within 12 months of diagnosis. Among women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer 70.6% initiated AET compared to 20.7% of women with hormone receptor-negative or unknown. Among women with hormone-positive stage I–III breast cancer, blacks were less likely to discontinue AET compared to non-Hispanic whites (HR: 0.89, 95% CI 0.80–0.98). Among women diagnosed with stage IV, hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, Hispanic women were more likely to discontinue AET compared to non-Hispanic whites (HR: 1.68, 95% CI: 1.01–2.78). Women who initiated with the aromatase inhibitors had a 12% increased risk of discontinuation compared to women who initiated with tamoxifen (HR: 1.12, 95% CI 1.05–1.20). In all racial/ethnic groups, regardless of stage and hormone-receptor status, discontinuation of AET was associated with a significantly higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.54–1.93). Conclusions: Over two-third of patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer initiated AET and a substantial proportion of hormone receptor-negative women did as well. Discontinuation of AET was associated with a significantly higher risk of all-cause mortality regardless of hormone status and stage.
Comparison of the AN69ST Membrane versus Citrate-Enriched Dialysate on Clotting Events during Hemodialysis without Systemic Anticoagulation
Authors: Nseir Vanessa , Rachas Antoine , Elias Michelle , Francois Hélène , Nnang Obada Erika , Lorenzo Hans Kristian , Charpentier Bernard , Durrbach Antoine , Beaudreuil Séverine
Published: March 2017

Background: The optimal management of anticoagulation in hemodialyzed patients with a high risk of bleeding is controversial. Methods: We compared premature termination of dialysis caused by clotting events between AN69ST membranes (G1) and 0.8 mmol/L citrate-enriched dialysate (G2). The number of sessions that had increased venous pressure (VP) and variations in urea-reduction ratio (URR) were analyzed. Results: Six hundred and two sessions were analyzed in 259 patients: 22.4% had sessions that ended prematurely (25% in G1 and 19.1% in G2, p = ns, OR 0.60 [0.34-1.08], p = 0.08). The increase in VP was lower in G2 (23 vs. 70, p < 0.001). URR was higher in G2 (0.56 vs. 0.60, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Clotting events that led to the termination of dialysis were comparable in the 2 groups. However, UUR was better in G2, and the number of patients with increased VP in the sessions was lower in G2. Short Summary: Our study compared the effects of the AN69ST membrane and citrate-enriched dialysate on clotting events during the dialysis of 259 patients with a high risk of bleeding. URR was significantly better and fewer cases of increased VP occurred in the citrate group compared to the AN69 ST group. No significant difference was observed regarding the need to prematurely terminate a dialysis session.
Reliability of Pulse Oximetry during Progressive Hypoxia, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, and Recovery in a Piglet Model of Neonatal Hypoxic Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Hassan Mohammad Ahmad , Weber Claudia , Waitz Markus , Huang Li , Hummler Helmut D. , Mendler Marc Robin
Published: March 2017

Background: Pulse oximetry is widely used in intensive care and emergency conditions to monitor arterial oxygenation and to guide oxygen therapy. Objective: To study the reliability of pulse oximetry in comparison with CO-oximetry in newborn piglets during progressive hypoxia, cardiac arrest, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Methods: Thirty-three newborn piglets were exposed to hypoxia until asystole occurred and then resuscitated until ROSC. Arterial oxygen saturation was monitored continuously by pulse oximetry (SpO2) with one sensor applied to the wrist of the right forelimb (FL) and another to the thigh of the left hind limb (HL). Arterial functional oxygen saturation (SaO2) was measured at baseline and at predefined intervals during each phase of the experiment. SpO2 was compared with coinciding SaO2 values and bias considered whenever the difference (SpO2 - SaO2) was beyond ±5%. Results: Bias values were lower at the baseline measurements (-3.7 ± 2.3% in FL and -4.1 ± 3.4% in HL) as well as after ROSC (1.5 ± 4.2% in FL and 0.2 ± 4.6% in HL) with higher precision and accuracy than during other experiment phases. During hypoxia induction, cardiac arrest, and CPR, there was a marked decrease in precision and accuracy as well as an increase in bias up to 43 ± 26 and 56 ± 27% in FL and HL, respectively, over a range of SaO2 from 13 to 51%. Conclusion: Pulse oximetry showed increased bias and decreased accuracy and precision during marked hypoxemia in a model of neonatal hypoxic cardiac arrest.
Neonatal Hypoglycaemia and Visual Development: A Review
Authors: Paudel Nabin , Chakraborty Arijit , Anstice Nicola , Jacobs Robert J. , Hegarty Jo E. , Harding Jane E. , Thompson Benjamin ,   for the CHYLD Study Group
Published: March 2017

Background: Many newborn babies experience low blood glucose concentrations, a condition referred to as neonatal hypoglycaemia (NH). The effect of NH on visual development in infancy and childhood is of interest because the occipital lobes, which include the primary visual cortex and a number of extrastriate visual areas, may be particularly susceptible to NH-induced injury. In addition, a number of case series have suggested that NH can affect eye and optic nerve development. Objective: To review the existing literature concerning the effect of NH on the visual system. Methods: A PubMed, Embase, Medline, and Google Scholar literature search was conducted using prespecified MeSH terms. Results: The literature reviewed revealed no clear evidence for an effect of NH on the development of the eye and optic nerve. Furthermore, occipital and occipital-parietal lobe injuries following NH often occurred in conjunction with comorbid conditions and were not clearly linked to subsequent visual dysfunction, possibly due to difficulties in measuring vision in young children and a lack of studies at older ages. A recent, large-scale, prospective study of NH outcomes at 2 years of age found no effect of mild-to-moderate NH on visual development. Conclusion: The effect of NH on visual development is unclear. It is currently unknown whether NH affects visual function in mid-to-late childhood when many visual functions reach adult levels.
Surgical Management and Outcome of Renal Cell Carcinoma with Inferior Vena Cava Tumor Thrombus
Authors: Berczi Akos , Flasko Tibor , Szerafin Tamas , Thomas Ben , Bacso Zsolt , Berczi Csaba
Published: March 2017

Introduction: The authors of this paper assessed the surgical management and outcome of renal cancers when tumor thrombus extended into the inferior vena cava (IVC). Methods: From 2000 to 2015, 46 radical nephrectomies were performed on patients with tumor thrombus in the IVC. The mean age of the patients was 60 ± 11 years. Radical nephrectomy and thrombectomies were performed in a single session. There were 18 level-IV, 23 level-III, and 5 level-II tumor thrombi. The operations were performed using cardiopulmonary bypass in 14 patients, while deep hypothermic cardiac arrest was carried out in 4 cases. Results: The mean size of the tumors was 9.4 ± 3.5 cm. Histology showed the tumor stages to be pT3b in 21cases, pT3c in 22, and pT4 in 3 patients. The mean follow-up period of the patients was 3.6 ± 3.0 years. During the follow-up period, local recurrence was observed in 7 patients, while distant metastases occurred in 8 cases. The median time to progression was 37 ± 27 months. The 5-year overall survival was 43.7%. Conclusions: Radical nephrectomy and thrombectomy provided reasonable long-term survival for patients with renal cancer and IVC thrombus. However, tumor progression was detected in 41.6%. The presence of tumor thrombus had a negative effect on tumor progression and survival.
Cardiac Fibroblast–Specific Activating Transcription Factor 3 Protects Against Heart Failure by Suppressing MAP2K3-p38 Signaling
Authors: Li Yulin , Li Zhenya , Zhang Congcong , Li Ping , Wu Yina , Wang Chunxiao , Bond Lau Wayne , Ma Xin-liang , Du Jie
Published: March 2017

Background:

Hypertensive ventricular remodeling is a common cause of heart failure. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating ventricular remodeling remain poorly understood.

Methods:

We used a discovery-driven/nonbiased approach to identify increased activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) expression in hypertensive heart. We used loss/gain of function approaches to understand the role of ATF3 in heart failure. We also examined the mechanisms through transcriptome, chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing analysis, and in vivo and in vitro experiments.

Results:

ATF3 expression increased in murine hypertensive heart and human hypertrophic heart. Cardiac fibroblast cells are the primary cell type expressing high ATF3 levels in response to hypertensive stimuli. ATF3 knockout (ATF3KO) markedly exaggerated hypertensive ventricular remodeling, a state rescued by lentivirus-mediated/miRNA-aided cardiac fibroblast–selective ATF3 overexpression. Conversely, conditional cardiac fibroblast cell–specific ATF3 transgenic overexpression significantly ameliorated ventricular remodeling and heart failure. We identified Map2K3 as a novel ATF3 target. ATF3 binds with the Map2K3 promoter, recruiting HDAC1, resulting in Map2K3 gene–associated histone deacetylation, thereby inhibiting Map2K3 expression. Genetic Map2K3 knockdown rescued the profibrotic/hypertrophic phenotype in ATF3KO cells. Last, we demonstrated that p38 is the downstream molecule of Map2K3 mediating the profibrotic/hypertrophic effects in ATF3KO animals. Inhibition of p38 signaling reduced transforming growth factor-β signaling-related profibrotic and hypertrophic gene expression, and blocked exaggerated cardiac remodeling in ATF3KO cells.

Conclusions:

Our study provides the first evidence that ATF3 upregulation in cardiac fibroblasts in response to hypertensive stimuli protects the heart by suppressing Map2K3 expression and subsequent p38-transforming growth factor-β signaling. These results suggest that positive modulation of cardiac fibroblast ATF3 may represent a novel therapeutic approach against hypertensive cardiac remodeling.
Distinct Frontoparietal Networks Underlying Attentional Effort and Cognitive Control
Authors: Berry Anne S. , Sarter Martin , Lustig Cindy
Published: March 2017

We investigated the brain activity patterns associated with stabilizing performance during challenges to attention. Our findings revealed distinct patterns of frontoparietal activity and functional connectivity associated with increased attentional effort versus preserved performance during challenged attention. Participants performed a visual signal detection task with and without presentation of a perceptual-attention challenge (changing background). The challenge condition increased activation in frontoparietal regions including right mid-dorsal/dorsolateral PFC (RPFC), approximating Brodmann's area 9, and superior parietal cortex. We found that greater behavioral impact of the challenge condition was correlated with greater RPFC activation, suggesting that increased engagement of cognitive control regions is not always sufficient to maintain high levels of performance. Functional connectivity between RPFC and ACC increased during the challenge condition and was also associated with performance declines, suggesting that the level of synchronized engagement of these regions reflects individual differences in attentional effort. Pretask, resting-state RPFC–ACC connectivity did not predict subsequent performance, suggesting that RPFC–ACC connectivity increased dynamically during task performance in response to performance decrement and error feedback. In contrast, functional connectivity between RPFC and superior parietal cortex not only during the task but also during pretask rest was associated with preserved performance in the challenge condition. Together, these data suggest that resting frontoparietal connectivity predicts performance on attention tasks that rely on those same cognitive control networks and that, under challenging conditions, other control regions dynamically couple with this network to initiate the engagement of cognitive control.
Assessing the Effect of Early Visual Cortex Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Working Memory Consolidation
Authors: van Lamsweerde Amanda E. , Johnson Jeffrey S.
Published: March 2017

Maintaining visual working memory (VWM) representations recruits a network of brain regions, including the frontal, posterior parietal, and occipital cortices; however, it is unclear to what extent the occipital cortex is engaged in VWM after sensory encoding is completed. Noninvasive brain stimulation data show that stimulation of this region can affect working memory (WM) during the early consolidation time period, but it remains unclear whether it does so by influencing the number of items that are stored or their precision. In this study, we investigated whether single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (spTMS) to the occipital cortex during VWM consolidation affects the quantity or quality of VWM representations. In three experiments, we disrupted VWM consolidation with either a visual mask or spTMS to retinotopic early visual cortex. We found robust masking effects on the quantity of VWM representations up to 200 msec poststimulus offset and smaller, more variable effects on WM quality. Similarly, spTMS decreased the quantity of VWM representations, but only when it was applied immediately following stimulus offset. Like visual masks, spTMS also produced small and variable effects on WM precision. The disruptive effects of both masks and TMS were greatly reduced or entirely absent within 200 msec of stimulus offset. However, there was a reduction in swap rate across all time intervals, which may indicate a sustained role of the early visual cortex in maintaining spatial information.
Multimodal Imaging Evidence for a Frontoparietal Modulation of Visual Cortex during the Selective Processing of Conditioned Threat
Authors: Petro Nathan M. , Gruss L. Forest , Yin Siyang , Huang Haiqing , Miskovic Vladimir , Ding Mingzhou , Keil Andreas
Published: March 2017

Emotionally salient cues are detected more readily, remembered better, and evoke greater visual cortical responses compared with neutral stimuli. The current study used concurrent EEG-fMRI recordings to identify large-scale network interactions involved in the amplification of visual cortical activity when viewing aversively conditioned cues. To generate a continuous neural signal from pericalcarine visual cortex, we presented rhythmic (10/sec) phase-reversing gratings, the orientation of which predicted the presence (CS+) or absence (CS−) of a cutaneous electric shock (i.e., the unconditioned stimulus). The resulting single trial steady-state visual evoked potential (ssVEP) amplitude was regressed against the whole-brain BOLD signal, resulting in a measure of ssVEP-BOLD coupling. Across all trial types, ssVEP-BOLD coupling was observed in both primary and extended visual cortical regions, the rolandic operculum, as well as the thalamus and bilateral hippocampus. For CS+ relative to CS− trials during the conditioning phase, BOLD-alone analyses showed CS+ enhancement at the occipital pole, superior temporal sulci, and the anterior insula bilaterally, whereas ssVEP-BOLD coupling was greater in the pericalcarine cortex, inferior parietal cortex, and middle frontal gyrus. Dynamic causal modeling analyses supported connectivity models in which heightened activity in pericalcarine cortex for threat (CS+) arises from cortico-cortical top–down modulation, specifically from the middle frontal gyrus. No evidence was observed for selective pericalcarine modulation by deep cortical structures such as the amygdala or anterior insula, suggesting that the heightened engagement of pericalcarine cortex for threat stimuli is mediated by cortical structures that constitute key nodes of canonical attention networks.
Synopsis of the bee genus Thygater Holmberg 1884 (Hymenoptera, Apidae) in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais, with the description of a new species and a key to all Brazilian species
Authors: FREITAS FELIPE V. , SILVEIRA FERNANDO A.
Published: March 2017

Thygater Holmberg 1884, a Neotropical bee genus distributed from Argentina to Mexico, was last revised almost 50 years ago. Considering the species recognized then, and a few others described subsequently, 30 species are currently included in the genus. The Brazilian state of Minas Gerais is a large, environmentally heterogeneous territory, including areas in the phytogeographic domains of the Atlantic Tropical Rain Forest, the semiarid Caatinga and the highly seasonal Cerrado. The state insect fauna has been poorly sampled and studied. As part of a taxonomic and phylogenetic study of the genus, a synopsis of Thygater occurring in the state of Minas Gerais was produced, including the description of a new species (Thygater danunciae Freitas & Silveira, sp. n.), the recognition of two new synonymies, and an identification key for all 15 species of Thygater recorded for Brazil.
A new species of Phyllodytes Wagler, 1830 (Anura, Hylidae) from the Atlantic Forest of southern Bahia, Brazil
Authors: MARCIANO-JR EUVALDO , LANTYER-SILVA AMANDA SANTIAGO F. , SOLÉ MIRCO
Published: March 2017

We describe a new species of Phyllodytes from Ilhéus (15º04’S, 39º03’W; 95 m above sea level), south of state of Bahia, in the northeastern Atlantic Forest of Brazil. Phyllodytes megatympanum sp. nov. is diagnosable by the following combination of characters: (1) dorsum of body, arms, and legs uniformly light brown; (2) groin yellow; (3) snout pointed in dorsal view, protruding in profile; (4) tympanum large with a round distinct tympanic annulus; (5) adult males with two anterior large odontoids followed by a series of smaller odontoids on each side of the mandible; (6) well-developed tubercle near tibio-tarsal joint; (7) advertisement call composed of a series of 12 to 19 unpulsed notes, with harmonic structure and (8) mean dominant frequency of 3.98 kHz.
Description of two new species of the genus Automate De Man, 1888 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) from the South China Sea
Authors: WANG YAN-RONG , SHA ZHONG-LI
Published: March 2017

Three species of the genus Automate De Man, 1888 are described herein, including two new species: A. anacanthopusoides sp. nov. and A. spinosa sp. nov.. Automate anacanthopusoides sp. nov. can be easily identified by the presence of a rostrum, the notch on the lower margin of the major chela, the stout minor cheliped and the cutting edge of the pollex not dentate, and by the absence of spines on the ventral margin of the propodus of the third and fourth pereiopod. Automate spinosa sp. nov. can be easily identified by the nearly straight anterior margin of the carapace, and the presence of spines on the ventral margin of the propodus of third and fourth pereiopod. A key of all species of the Automate is provided.
Three new species of Entomobrya from Poland (Collembola, Entomobryidae)
Authors: FURGOŁ MICHAŁ
Published: March 2017

A rich material of springtails from Poland was analysed using chaetotaxy. The analysis of the genus Entomobrya reaveled three new species, which are described in this paper: E. emiliae sp. nov., E. flavovirens sp. nov., and E. kasprowiensis sp. nov. Both the modern (pattern of macrochaetotaxy) and the traditional (colouration) characters were applied in the descriptions.
A new species of the genus Bertholdia Schaus, 1896 (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae) from the Neotropical region: Bertholdia zoenia sp. n.
Authors: BECCACECE HERNAN MARIO
Published: March 2017

A new species of Bertholdia Schaus is described: Bertholdia zoenia sp. n., based on males and females from Argentina and Paraguay. This new species is closer to Bertholdia myosticta Hampson, 1901 from Costa Rica, Irazú. Bertholdia zoenia sp. n. can be recognized externally because its hyaline spot on forewing is the widest among all species of genus. Also, the shape of this hyaline spot is like a right triangle with smooth outer margin, different from other species of genus, which have an irregular spot. Habitus, male and female genitalia, and particular structures of B. zoenia sp. n. are illustrated. Habitus and male genitalia of B. myosticta are also illustrated. A distribution map and commentaries of habitat of B. zoenia sp. n. and B. myosticta are given. Remarks on nomenclature of the genus are provided.
The President of Talk Radio: The Crystallization of a Social Movement
Authors: Brown Robert E.
Published: March 2017

The recent ascendency of Trumpism calls for a historical review of nativist movements and the social appeal they gained. This article will focus on talk-radio and how it shaped and influenced the American psyche and became a cornerstone for conservatism. The article illustrates common themes between contemporary talk-radio hosts and previous antiprogressive figures. Understanding the success of Rush Limbaugh, which started in the late 1980s, created a whole social movement that ought to be analyzed in order to understand the current mood of Trumpism. The author draws from historical events and personal anecdotes to analyze the nativist sentiments that keep reemerging in the public discourse.
Safety and Security of Daflon 500 mg in Venous Insufficiency and in Hemorrhoidal Disease
Authors: Meyer Olivier C.
Published: March 2017

Daflon 500 mg* is a new flavonoid vasoprotector venotonic agent whose active principle is micronized and contains 90% diosmin and 10% flavonoids expressed as hesperidin.

In animal studies, the safety of Daflon 500 mg is shown by an LD50 (lethal dose so) of more than 3 g/kg, ie, 180 times the daily therapeutic dose, as well as by the absence of any toxic effect after repeated oral dosing for thirteen and twenty-six weeks, using a dose representing 35 times the daily dosage, in the rate and primate.

Daflon 500 mg has no mutagenic action nor any significant effect on reproductive function. Gastrointestinal tolerance is good when administered orally in the rat. Transplacental passage and passage into breast milk are minimal. In the rat, 0.003% of the administered dose has been found in each fetus and 1% in breast milk.

Clinical trials fulfill international scientific requirements and have collected more than 2850 patients treated with Daflon 500 mg at the dosage of two tablets per day for six weeks to one year. The proportion of patients with side effects (10% of those treated), essentially of a gastrointestinal or autonomic nature and leading to a rate of only 1.1% trial dropouts, is less than described in 225 patients given a placebo (13.9%) in controlled trials. Satisfactory clinical acceptability already confirmed in the short term was equally found in long-term treatment.

Hemodynamic parameters (systolic and diastolic blood pressure) as well as laboratory parameters (hematology, liver and renal function, metabolic) were uninfluenced even by prolonged treatment for one year at the dosage of two tablets per day.

No contraindications have been found during the therapeutic use of Daflon 500 mg, even in the elderly and in pregnant women. No evidence has been found of any interference with combined drugs. Daflon 500 mg is free of any photosensitizing action.

Daflon 500 mg combines thoroughly proven therapeutic efficacy with excellent safety of use confirmed in specific and methodologically reliable toxicologic studies as well as in a large number of clinical trials with patients treated daily for six weeks to one year.
Factors Associated With Pediatrician Responses to Alternative Immunization Schedule Requests
Authors: Mohanty Salini , Feemster Kristen A. , Buttenheim Alison , Moser Charlotte A. , Field Robert I. , Mayer Whitney , Carroll-Scott Amy
Published: March 2017

We conducted a cross-sectional online survey among 4 chapters of the American Academy of Pediatrics from July through October 2014 to describe characteristics of pediatricians and practices associated with practice-level responses to alternative immunization schedule requests. Among 374 pediatricians, 58% reported frequent alternative immunization schedule requests and 24% reported feeling comfortable using them. Pediatricians who work in practices that accommodate alternative immunization schedule requests have increased odds of having a high frequency of alternative immunization schedule requests, and beliefs that relationships with families would be negatively affected if they refused requests. Practices that discontinue care to families who request alternative immunization schedules have increased odds of being a private group practice and having a formal office vaccine policy. Pediatricians are frequently asked to use alternative immunization schedules and many are not comfortable using them. Practice-level responses to alternative immunization schedules are associated with characteristics of pediatricians and practices.
Prevalence and risk factors of depression among garment workers in Bangladesh
Authors: Fitch Taylor Jennelle , Moran Jacxelyn , Villanueva Gabriela , Sagiraju Hari Krishna Raju , Quadir Mohammad Morshedul , Alamgir Hasanat
Published: March 2017

Background:

Depression is a growing health issue in both developed and developing countries. General unawareness at the population level, lack of training among health care providers and scarcity of resources including treatment opportunities may conceal the real burden of depression in developing countries, and more epidemiological studies on its prevalence and risk factors are critically needed.

Aim:

This study reports the prevalence of depression and its associated risk factors among female garment factory workers in Bangladesh – a major supplier country of clothes for the Western market. This research should generate useful evidence for national and international stakeholders who have an interest in improving health, safety and well-being of outsourced factory workers.

Methods:

A survey was conducted on a sample of 600 lower socio-economic status working women including garment workers. This survey collected data on demographic and health profile of these workers. The primary outcome was depression as measured by Patient Health Questionnaire 9. It also obtained data on traumatic life events and post-traumatic stress disorder.

Results:

The prevalence of depression was 23.5%: 20.9% among garment workers and 26.4% among others. Part-time employment (odds ratio-OR): 2.36, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.01–5.51), chronic pain (OR: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.01–2.78), two or more traumatic life events (OR: 6.43, 95% CI: 2.85–14.55) and dysuria (OR: 2.50, 95% CI: 1.02–6.15) were found to be significantly associated with depression among these workers in multivariate regression model. Depression prevalene lowered by 11% among these workers for every additional monthly earning of 1,000 taka (US$12).

Conclusion:

Depression is a multifaceted health issue with many personal, social, economic and health determinants and consequences. This study demonstrates that the prevalence of moderate-to-severe depression among working women in Bangladesh is quite high. Prevention and treatment of depression in developing countries and societies can reduce suffering, lower incidence of suicide, and prevent economic loss. Creating awareness on outsourced workers’ poor mental health may help in developing initiatives to protect and preserve their well-being.
Multimodality and the Multiliteracies Pedagogy
Authors: Harrop-Allin Susan
Published: March 2017

Drawing on a study of children’s musical games in urban South Africa, this article employs two theoretical frames: that of multimodality and the multiliteracies pedagogy. These are applied to a contextual analysis of the forms of musicality that musical games embody and to ways of incorporating children’s play into pedagogy. Based on ethnographic research in primary schools in Soweto, I first examine representative examples of musical games in order to demonstrate children’s musicianship in relation to the concept of multimodality. Analysis reveals the games’ sophistication in terms of children’s deployment of multiple modes and the inventiveness their methods imply. Furthermore, a multimodal theoretical frame and analytical approach enables an understanding of musicality as the capacity to “design.” Second, children’s multimodal musicality prompts questions about how such musicality may become a resource in formal learning. I propose that applying the multiliteracies pedagogy to music education offers a methodological solution for “recruiting” musical games so that the capacities children demonstrate in their games may be developed.
MassHealth Succeeds in Expanding Coverage for Adults
Authors: Long Sharon K. , Zuckerman Stephen
Published: March 2017

This study provides the first rigorous evaluation of the impacts of MassHealth, Massachusetts' ambitious effort in the late 1990s to expand coverage to the entire low-income population. We find clear evidence that MassHealth led to an expansion of insurance coverage relative to what was happening to similar populations in comparison states. The success of MassHealth provides support for the value of investing in ambitious new state efforts to find effective strategies to reach the remaining uninsured populations. While current budget shortfalls have forced many states, including Massachusetts, to scale back their expansion efforts, the current economic downturn is not permanent. Understanding the impacts of the expansion efforts in Massachusetts adds to the base of knowledge that will be critical for guiding states when the economy recovers and the resources needed for expansion again become available.
Telephone Service Interruption Weighting Adjustments for State Health Insurance Surveys
Authors: Davern Michael , Lepkowski James , Call Kathleen Thiede , Arnold Noreen , Johnson Tracy L. , Goldsteen Karen , Todd-Malmlov April , Blewett Lynn A.
Published: March 2017

Many states rely on telephone surveys to produce estimates of uninsurance. To the extent that people in households without telephones differ from those living in households with telephones, estimates will be biased due to lack of coverage of those in households without telephones. We find the disparity in estimates of uninsurance in the Current Population Survey (all people vs. those living in households without telephones) shows a similar association to the disparity found in the state surveys (all people vs. those living in households with telephone service interruptions). We adjust the state survey weights of those people living in households that experienced telephone interruptions to account for people living in households without telephones and evaluate whether the weighting adjustment for telephone service interruptions is advisable.
Determinants of Turnover Intention of Social Workers
Authors: Cho Yoon Jik , Song Hyun Jin
Published: March 2017

This research explores determinants of turnover intention of social workers. Retention of social workers is critical in the social welfare field because a high turnover rate is directly related to the deterioration of service quality. Of the many factors affecting turnover intention, this research focuses on emotional labor and organizational trust. The former characterizes social workers’ tasks in that they are regularly in contact with service clients. Surface acting, one of the emotional labor strategies, has shown a negative impact on employee attitudes. However, representing a psychological state of employees toward their organization, organizational trust leads to positive attitudes and behaviors. This research also explores antecedents of emotional labor and organizational trust. Interaction characteristics of emotional labor are considered for the former, and supervisory support and autonomy are tested for the latter. To examine the relationships among the variables, the research conducts structural equation model analysis on 242 social workers in South Korea. The analysis confirms that emotional labor increases turnover intention whereas trust reduces it. The analysis also demonstrates that autonomy and supervisory support enhance organizational trust, while surface acting is affected by the variety of emotions displayed and the duration of emotional labor.
From the Bedroom to the Office: Workplace Spillover Effects of Sexual Activity at Home
Authors: Leavitt Keith , Barnes Christopher M. , Watkins Trevor , Wagner David T.
Published: March 2017

Sexual behavior represents relatively common and mundane home-life behavior, with demonstrated impact on both mood and general physical and psychological well-being. Integrating emergent research on sex and mood with theory on work-life enrichment, we propose a novel model demonstrating the effects of sexual behavior at home on next-day job satisfaction and job engagement as a function of positive affect. Using a 2-week daily diary study of married, employed adults, we found that (a) when employees engaged in sex at home, they reported increased positive affect at work the following day, independent of the effects of marital satisfaction; (b) sex at home increased both daily job satisfaction and daily job engagement as a function of increased positive affect; and (c) daily work-to-family strain-based conflict significantly reduced the likelihood of engaging in sex at home that evening. Accordingly, we extend theory on work-life enrichment by demonstrating the import of seemingly banal behavior on daily work life, with implications for work-life impingement.
Exploration of a new model of care in a psychiatry unit
Authors: Zacharias R. , Belcher S. , Rodway-Norman M. , Guller D. , Chawla A. , Hough P. , Smith W. G.
Published: March 2017

The model established at Orillia Soldiers Memorial Hospital involves family physicians as the most responsible physician. They act as “admission gatekeeper” for all unattached patients who are admitted to the psychiatry in-patient unit. A PubMed, EBSCO, OVID Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science database review of the last 10 years (2006-2016) was undertaken. A satisfaction survey was undertaken. An intensive literature review found this model to be unique. The model has proved to be extremely efficient and cost-effective.
La haute fiabilité en soins de santé: la création d’une culture et d’une mentalité favorisant la sécurité des patients
Authors: Cochrane Bonnie S. , Hagins Mitch , Picciano Gino , King John A. , Marshall David A. , Nelson Brian , Deao Craig
Published: March 2017

Les préjudices que subissent les patients recevant des soins de santé représentent un fardeau considérable et peuvent avoir de graves répercussions sur les patients et les familles ainsi que sur la capacité des systèmes de santé de gérer l’accès des patients, leurs déplacements dans le système et les temps d’attente. L’intérêt pour la science de la haute fiabilité, mise au point à l’origine dans des secteurs comme l’aviation commerciale, qui ont un bilan exceptionnel en matière de sécurité, est une nouvelle tendance en soins de santé qui pourrait aider les organisations et les systèmes à atteindre le but ultime : zéro préjudice subi par les patients. Cet article fait valoir que zéro préjudice au patient est un impératif fondamental et que la science de la haute fiabilité peut aider à accélérer et à soutenir les progrès vers ce but vital. Bien que les pratiques utilisées dans d’autres secteurs ne soient pas facilement transférables aux soins de santé et qu’il n’existe pas encore un seul modèle éprouvé pour les organisations à haute fiabilité en santé, des organisations de premier plan commencent à faire la démonstration de stratégies efficaces propres aux soins de santé. L’expérience du réseau international d’organisations partenaires du groupe Studer est utilisée pour illustrer et comprendre ces premiers efforts. Le cadre Evidence-Based LeadershipSM (leadership fondé sur les données probantes) du groupe Studer est appliqué dans différents milieux de soins de santé pour transformer la culture et la gestion du changement visant à favoriser une haute fiabilité. Il propose une démarche et des ressources pour progresser vers le but zéro préjudice subi par les patients et tous les avantages liés à l’utilisation efficiente de nos précieuses ressources en soins de santé.
A dynamics study of asymmetric forced-steering bogies
Authors: Yan Shi , Ma Weihua
Published: March 2017

In this paper, the design concept of a new type of asymmetric forced-steering bogie has been proposed. This bogie is supposed to produce a better curving performance than the self-steering bogies and is well suited for mounting on locomotives that have limited bottom space. Schemes A and B, the only feasible schemes for vehicles with two bogies, were adopted and compared with the self-steering bogies. SIMPACK,the dynamics simulation software, was used to establish the dynamics models of the locomotives. The lead wheel angle of attack, lead wheel lateral force, lead wheel wear power, and the total vehicle wear power were compared and analyzed when the three different bogies negotiate the curves. The results showed that the performance of the locomotives is closely related to the layout of the front and rear asymmetric forced-steering bogies; in scheme A, where the front and rear bogies are antisymmetrically placed, curve negotiation performance was excellent and notably superior to the self-steering bogies – especially on curves that have small and medium radius. Under the traction condition, the total vehicle wear power in scheme A can be reduced by up to 24.6% compared to the locomotives of the self-steering bogies. An experiment on an S-shaped curve has proved that the angle of attack and total vehicle wear power of all the three schemes retained the symmetrical dynamics performance.
Extensive brain masses and cavitary lung lesions associated with toxoplasmosis and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
Authors: Ayoade Folusakin , Todd John , Al-Delfi Firas , King John
Published: March 2017

Toxoplasmosis is an important cause of enhancing brain lesions in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and it is typically associated with low CD4-lymphocyte counts. Extensive toxoplasma encephalitis when the CD4-lymphocyte count is above 100 cells/µl is unusual. Cavitary lung lesions are also not typically associated with toxoplasmosis. Here, we present a case of toxoplasmosis associated with extensive brain masses and cavitary lung lesions, both of which improved with directed toxoplasmosis therapy, in an AIDS patient with a CD4 cell count of 120 cells/µl.
Global warming: Sun and water
Authors: Blaauw Harold J
Published: March 2017

This paper demonstrates that global warming can be explained without recourse to the greenhouse theory. This explanation is based on a simple model of the Earth's climate system consisting of three layers: the surface, a lower and an upper atmospheric layer. The distinction between the atmospheric layers rests on the assumption that the latent heat from the surface is set free in the lower atmospheric layer only. The varying solar irradiation constitutes the sole input driving the changes in the system's energy transfers. All variations in the energy exchanges can be expressed in terms of the temperature variations of the layers by means of an energy transfer matrix. It turns out that the latent heat transfer as a function of the temperatures of the surface and the lower layer makes this matrix next to singular. The near singularity reveals a considerable negative feedback in the model which can be identified as the ‘Klimaverstärker’ presumed by Vahrenholt and Lüning. By a suitable, yet realistic choice of the parameters appearing in the energy transfer matrix and of the effective heat capacities of the layers, the model reproduces the global warming: the calculated trend in the surface temperature agrees well with the observational data from AD 1750 up to AD 2000.