bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social and Cultural Impact during an Emerging Infectious Covid-19 Outbreak: A Review Study
Authors: Pamungkas Rian Adi , Usman Andi Mayasari
Published: June 2021

A novel coronavirus (Covid-19) was a global pandemic worldwide. This review aimed to explore and describe the Covid-19 outbreak's impact on socio and culture during a pandemic situation. Electronic databases from different sources were included to extract the relevant articles. Initially, terms to retrieve related studies were “social impact," “cultural impact," Covid-19”. The results showed that five key issues on socio and cultural during pandemic situation including 1) social vulnerability and community resilience; 2) stigma, prejudice, and discrimination; 3) social avoidance, rejection, and denials of healthcare providers; 4) family dynamics: domestic violence; and 5) severe projection of the poverty rate. The expected benefit of this study to explain the valuable information regarding socio and cultural impact
El repositorio en español de Radio Francia Internacional: la audiencia de Latinoamérica y España como objetivo estratégico
Authors: González Pérez Juan Carlos , Ortiz Sobrino Miguel Ángel , Mancho Laiglesia Ana , Gómez López Jacinto
Published: June 2021

Este artículo es el resultado de un análisis de la oferta de contenidos en español a través de la Radio France International. En él se ofrece una sistematización y clasificación de sus programas en la web en la que se toman como puntos de referencias el nombre del programa, su contenido, su temática y el modelo de producción. De los 21 programas de la parrilla de la emisora en español de RFI, ocho son de temática informativa, la principal en sus contenidos. El objetivo de estos programas es acercar la cultura francesa a los hispanoparlantes, así como descubrir las similitudes de talento que pueden existir con esa cultura de España y Latinoamérica. Además, la fonoteca de la radio pública internacional de Francia permite al oyente viajar por temas de actualidad general o cultural: cine, danza, música, teatro o literatura.
UPAYA PREVENTIF PEMERINTAH DALAM KASUS PELANGGARAN USAHA PERTAMBANGAN DI PROVINSI SULAWESI UTARA
Authors: Maramis Marcelino Yosua
Published: June 2021

Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui apa saja pelanggaran pertambangan yang terjadi di Provinsi Sulawesi Utara dan bagaimana upaya preventif yang telah dilakukan pemerintah terhadap pertambangan di Provinsi Sulawesi Utara yang dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif disimpulkan: 1. Kegiatan usaha pertambangan yang dikelola baik oleh badan usaha, koperasi, maupun perseorangan baik yang berizin maupun yang tidak berizin pasti mempunyai kepentingannya sendiri – sendiri. Kepentingan inilah yang nantinya dapat menyebabkan terjadinya pelanggaran pertambangan karena adanya perbedaan kepentingan oleh para pihak dalam kegiatan usaha pertambangan. Pelanggaran pertambangan yang terjadi di Indonesia khsusunya yang ada di Provinsi Sulawesi Utara terbagi menjadi pelanggaran administratif dan tindakan pidana dalam lingkungan pertambangan. 2. Pemerintah dengan berpedoman pada peraturan perundang – undangan yang berlaku telah melakukan upaya preventif seperti memberikan sosialisasi mengenai pertambangan kepada masyarakat, memberikan kepastian hukum kepada masyarakat, dan melakukan pengawasan terhadap pertambangan – pertambangan yang ada untuk mencegah pelanggaran – pelanggaran pertambangan terjadi atau paling tidak mengurangi potensi terjadinya pelanggaran pertambangan yang terulang – ulang.Kata kunci: pertambangan; Sulawesi utara;
KAJIAN HUKUM KONSERVASI SUMBER DAYA ALAM HAYATI DAN EKOSISTEMNYA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Rumimpunu Alviano Ottohan Octavianus
Published: June 2021

Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui mengapa pelaksanaan Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam Hayati dan Ekosistemnya di Indonesia dan mengapa yang menjadi faktor penghambat dan pendukung dalam pelaksanaan konservasi Sumber Daya Alam Hayati dan Ekosistemnya di Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif, disimpulkan: 1. Dalam undang-undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2009 tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup telah memberikan perhatian yang besar terhadap konservasi sumber daya alam hayati, hal ini terlihat dalam Pasal 10 ayat (2) yang memberikan ketentuan rencana perlindungan bahwa pengelolaan lingkungan hidup wajib dilakukan secara terpadu dengan penataan ruang, perlindungan sumber daya alam hayati, perlindungan sumber daya buatan, konservasi sumber daya alam hayati dan ekosistemnya, cagar budaya, keanekaragaman hayati dan perubahan iklim. 2. Mengapa f aktor penghambat pelaksanaanya antara lain: kondisi internal yaitu status dan kondisi kawasan yang belum sepenuhnya disepakati atau belum clear and clean, belum selesainya proses penataan batas, serta pengelolaan kawasan yang belum optimal Sedangkan kondisi eksternal antara lain kebutuhan lahan karena dinamika demografi, pemekaran wilayah yang diikuti kebutuhan infrastruktur, mobilitas, pertambangan, perkebunan skala besar, permintaan pasar terhadap komoditi tertentu.Kata kunci: Kajian Hukum, Konservasi, Sumber Daya Alam Hayati, Ekosistemnya.
PENGATURAN HUKUM MENGENAI DOKUMEN PERJALANAN MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 6 TAHUN 2011 TENTANG KEIMIGRASIAN
Authors: Laluraa Sinji
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaturan hukum mengenai dokumen perjalanan Republik Indonesia dan bagaimana pemberlakuan ketentuan pidana pada orang akibat tidak menggunakaan atau memalsukan dokumen perjalanan Republik Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normative, disimpulkan: 1. Pengaturan hukum mengenai dokumen perjalanan Republik Indonesia  sesuai Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2011 tentang Keimigrasian, meliputi dokumen perjalanan Republik Indonesia terdiri atas paspor dan surat perjalanan laksana paspor. Paspor terdiri atas paspor diplomatik, paspor dinas dan paspor biasa. Surat perjalanan laksana paspor terdiri atas surat perjalanan laksana paspor untuk warga negara Indonesia dan untuk orang asing serta surat perjalanan lintas batas atau pas lintas batas. Dokumen Perjalanan Republik Indonesia merupakan dokumen Negara yang setiap saat dapat ditarik kembali apabila diperlukan untuk kepentingan negara. Dokumen itu bukanlah surat berharga sehingga dokumen perjalanan Republik Indonesia tidak dapat digunakan untuk hal yang bersifat perdata, antara lain dijadikan jaminan utang. 2. Pemberlakuan ketentuan pidana akibat tidak menggunakan atau memalsukan dokumen perjalanan Republik Indonesia, diantaranya setiap orang asing yang masuk dan/atau berada di wilayah Indonesia yang tidak memiliki dokumen perjalanan dan visa yang sah dan masih berlaku atau menggunakan dokumen perjalanan Republik Indonesia untuk masuk atau keluar wilayah Indonesia, tetapi diketahui atau patut diduga bahwa dokumen perjalanan Republik Indonesia itu palsu atau dipalsukan dipidana dengan pidana penjara paling lama 5 (lima) tahun dan pidana denda paling banyak Rp500.000.000,00 (lima ratus juta rupiah).Kata kunci: Pengaturan Hukum, Dokumen Perjalanan, Keimigrasian
ANALISIS YURIDIS KEWENANGAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI DALAM MELAKUKAN PENGUJIAN UNDANG-UNDANG TERHADAP UNDANG-UNDANG DASAR DI INDONESIA
Authors: Wongkar Patrick Frend
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kedudukan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam sistem ketatanegaraan Indonesia, sebagai lembaga peradilan (yudikatif) baru, yang berwenang menguji konstitusionalitas suatu undang-undang dan bagaimana prosedur pengujian undang-undang terhadap undang-undang dasar yang dilakukan oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi di Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan metode peneltian yuridis normatif, disimpulkan: 1. Kedudukan Mahkamah Konstitusi sebagai lembaga negara baru dalam sistem ketatanegaraan Indonesia pasca-amandemen UUD 1945, dan selanjutnya memiliki kewenangan untuk melakukan uji materiil suatu undang-undang terhadap undang-undang dasar, apakah terjadi pertentangan atau tidak, adalah merupakan indikasi suatu negara demokrasi. Kehadiran Mahkamah Konstitusi adalah jawaban bagi para pencari keadilan yang merasa hak konstitusionalnya dilanggar dengan berlakunya suatu undang-undang. 2. Hukum Acara Mahkamah Konstitusi adalah hukum formil yang berfungsi untuk menegakkan hukum materilnya, yaitu bagian dari hukum konstitusi yang menjadi wewenang Mahkamah Konstitusi. Berbeda dengan hukum acara lain hukum acara Mahkamah Konstitusi memiliki karakteristik khusus, karena hukum materil yang hendak ditegakkan tidak merujuk pada undang-undang atau kitab undang-undang tertentu, melainkan konstitusi sebagai hukum dasar sistem hukum itu sendiri. Prosedur pengujian undang-undang oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi adalah dilakukan mengenai formil dan materilnya. Formil adalah berkenaan dengan bagaimana undang-undang itu di buat, siapa yang membuatnya sedangkan materiil adalah isi daripada suatu undang-undang yang dianggap bertentangan dengan konstitusi. Permohonan yang diajukan oleh pemohon harus didaftarkan melalui kepaniteraan Mahkamah Konstitusi untuk diperiksa kelengkapan administrasinya, selanjutnya dilakukan proses pendahuluan, pemeriksaan pokok perkara hingga putusan. Dan putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi tersebut adalah jenis putusan yang berkarakter final dan mengikat.Kata kunci: Analisis Yuridis, Kewenangan, Mahkamah Konstitusi, Pengujian Undang-Undang, Undang-Undang Dasar Di Indonesia
Structuri sociale și identități etnice în epoca metalelor în sud-estul Europei
Authors: Lazăr Simona
Published: June 2021

In the last decades there had been proposed several theoretical models for different types of exchanges, from those that took place among the neighboring communities to the long distances ones, through the help of the intermediaries. The mechanisms of the goods circulation, essentially different from what we understand today through this process, were based on the principles of reciprocity and redistribution. In order to understand them, and also other aspects related to the complex system of the social and power relations, an important role had the ethno-anthropological studies that offered different interpretation models. It was debated a lot in the Anglo-Saxon literature and not only, on the fact that the contemporary archaeologist judges, inevitably, the objects and the concrete situations from the digs, according to some criteria completely different from the studied cultural context, because he belongs to another “world”, with other psych-socio-cultural features than the people from the near past, this socio-social distance that comes between the archaeologist and the artifact, along with the temporal one, determining the opacity of the last one.  

The archaeological data mustn’t permanently inter-relate with the theories. It isn’t always sure that these “stylistic” or “aesthetic” criteria that we consider to be significant were considered the same by the potter from the past. The “style” changes had been many times forcedly associated with the replacement of an archaeological culture with another or changes in the ethnic structure of a community. The changes that appeared in certain types of artifacts can be explained only through economic or symbolic mutations, not necessarily through cultural influences understood linearly (as the representation of some chronological relations between the human groups or through the ethnic relation).
Banatul, temă lirică în literatura română din Voivodina
Authors: Juică Brânduşa , Popovic Virginia , Negru Marinel
Published: June 2021

In Romanian literature in Vojvodina, Republic of Serbia, poetry is the favourite genre of writers, especially when it comes to the second half of the twentieth century. Among the lyrical themes often explored by the authors who wrote their texts in Romanian, the theme of the homeland of yesterday and today, occupied a privileged place. Natural beauty, childhood images, loved ones, customs and traditions, educational aspects, social coexistence, the multicultural specificity have also quite often become literary topics. This article reveals some lyrical experiences in which the homeland - Banat, is in the focus of some poets, belonging to different literary generations. Their writings are modelled according to the feelings of nostalgia, alienation, wanting to return to the past through recollection or dreams. On the other hand, in addition to daydreams of their home and self-searches, we are drawn to the approaches to these topics that place Romanian literature in its own right, at the confluence of the two European literatures, Romanian and Serbian. The lyrical creations that present such characteristics are included both in author's collections of works as well as on the pages of the magazine „Lumina", the symbolic publication of Romanian culture in the former Yugoslavia and present-day Serbia.
Analysis of Gross Regional Domestic Products that Influence the Economic Growth Of Batam City 2010 – 2020
Authors: Angela Angela
Published: June 2021

Batam city which is one of the areas in Indonesia that has progressed quite rapidly, as a city located on the border between Singapore and Malaysia. Batam city has a lot of potential in developing its economy, one of which is in the industrial sector. Some of the objectives and reasons of the implementation of this research is as one of the sources of information in studying GDP from Batam, knowing how the economic growth of Batam city from year to year, and factors that affect the economic development of Batam City. In the period of 10 years, from 2010 to 2020, the growth rate of Batam city GDP is in a fairly stable position despite a slight decrease. The result of Batam GDP city every year is quite influential to the economy of batam city this can be seen from the growth rate of GDP every year although the average is below 5% but can bring significant changes to Batam.
Behavioral Determinants of Pregnant Mothers and Husbands in Containing Pregnancy Examination During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rustanti Novia Ririn , Wulandari RR. Catur Leny
Published: June 2021

ANC is a health service provided to pregnant women in an effort to improve the welfare of the mother and fetus. The pandemic (COVID-19) is now a problem faced by 200 countries around the world. The method used in this paper uses a comprehensive strategy, such as searching for articles in research journal databases, searching through the internet, reviewing articles. There are 5 national articles and 5 international articles, analyzed through analysis of objectives, suitability of topics, research methods used, sample size, research ethics, results of each article, and limitations that occur. The results of this study indicate that the increase in anxiety of pregnant women in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic is due to the lack of knowledge of pregnant women about COVID-19 and how to prevent it. In reducing the mother's anxiety level to carry out Antenatal Care checks, a deep understanding of COVID-19 and how to prevent it, and avoiding false news (hoaxes) can be given. The conclusion based on the analysis that has been carried out is, there are factors of maternal anxiety and husband's support in conducting Antenatal Care examinations, namely inaccurate information circulating to the wider community, then the level of knowledge related to covid-19 and its prevention.
Pengaruh Beta dan Size terhadap Return Saham dengan Keputusan Investasi sebagai Variable Intervening
Authors: Pratama Rheza , Nur Saina M.
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh beta dan size terhadap return saham dengan keputusan investasi sebagai variabel intervening pada perusahaan LQ45 yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2015-2019, dengan sampel penelitian sebanyak 176 saham perusahaan. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah path analyisis (analisis jalur). Waktu pengamatan selama 5 tahun dan data penelitian merupakan data sekunder dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Hasil dari penelitian ini beta tidak berpengaruh terhadap return saham, size tidak berpengaruh terhadap return saham, keputusan investasi berpengaruh positif terhadap return saham, namun keputusan investasi tidak mampu memediasi beta terhadap return saham dan keputusan investasi tidak mampu memediasi size terhadap return saham.
Advances in the study of cancer metastasis and calcium signaling as potential therapeutic targets
Authors: Cui Chaochu , Zhang Yongxi , Liu Gang , Zhang Shuhong , Zhang Jinghang , Wang Xianwei
Published: June 2021

Metastasis is still the primary cause of cancer-related mortality. However, the underlying mechanisms of cancer metastasis are not yet fully understood. Currently, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metabolic remodeling, cancer cell intercommunication and the tumor microenvironment including diverse stromal cells, are reported to affect the metastatic process of cancer cells. Calcium ions (Ca2+) are ubiquitous second messengers that manipulate cancer metastasis by affecting signaling pathways. Diverse transporter/pump/channel-mediated Ca2+ currents form Ca2+ oscillations that can be decoded by Ca2+-binding proteins, which are promising prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets of cancer metastasis. This paper presents a review of the advances in research on the mechanisms underlying cancer metastasis and the roles of Ca2+-related signals in these events.
Antibiotic resistance profile of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated in an infectious diseases clinic
Authors:   Infectious Diseases Clinic, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania, Giubelan Lucian , Dragonu Livia ,   Infectious Diseases Clinic, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania, Stoian Andreea Cristina ,   Infectious Diseases Clinic, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania, Dumitrescu Florentina ,   Infectious Diseases Clinic, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania
Published: June 2021

Objective. To establish the resistance profile of Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) strains isolated in the Craiova Infectious Diseases Clinic. Material and method. Retrospective study (January 2017-December 2018); KPs were identified using the automated Vitek 2 system, which subsequently established their susceptibility to antimicrobials (usual testing for 17 antibiotics, extended testing for another 9); for each strain the multiple antibiotic resistance index (MAR) was calculated (limits: 0-1); the information was entered into an Excel database. 45 strains were tested in 2017 and 290 in 2018. The percentage of MDR strains was calculated based on internationally accepted definitions. Results. 335 strains were identified, the vast majority isolated by sputum culture (192 strains - 57.31%). Demographic data: 330 strains (99%) were isolated in adult subjects, 190 (57%) in male patients, 185 (55%) in patients living in urban areas. The overall value of MAR was 0.37 (compared to 0.32 for all strains of isolated Gram-negative germs). Over 80% of KP strains were susceptible to Amikacin or Polymyxin E; susceptibilities between 60 and 79% were observed for Meropenem, Gentamicin, Tobramycin, Ciprofloxacin, Ertapenem, Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole, Levofloxacin, Cefepima, and between 40 and 59% for Ceftriaxone, Cefoxitin, Ceftazidime, Minocycline and Im. Less than 39% of strains are susceptible to Ampicillin (± Sulbactam), Piperacillin (± Tazobactam), Ticarcillin (± Clavulanic acid), Aztreonam, Pefloxacin, Cefazolin, Nitrofurantoin. Resistance to the main classes of antibiotics shows lower values than national and european data for 3rd generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides, but a much higher percentage of resistance to carbapenems. Over 68% of isolates are multidrug-resistant (MDR); over 60% of the strains come from sources where there is a significant contact with antimicrobials. Conclusions. Over 80% of the isolated strains are sensitive to Amikacin or Polymyxin E; a percentage of over 29% of the strains demonstrates resistance to the carbapenem class in 2018; over 68% of isolates are multidrug-resistant; over 60% of the strains come from sources where there is significant contact with antimicrobials.
A study of using manganese chloride (MnCl2) solution as an alternative of contrast medium for iodine in computed tomography (CT) imaging
Authors:   Radiology Department, Health and Medical Technology College, Middle Technical University (MTU), Baghdad, Iraq, Abd Hiba Karim , Radhi Muhammed Mizher ,   Radiology Department, Health and Medical Technology College, Middle Technical University (MTU), Baghdad, Iraq, Hassan Hassan Jafar ,   Alhussien teaching hospital, Alnasyria, Iraq
Published: June 2021

Iodine solution is the only contrast medium currently used in the computed tomography scan (CT scan) examination. In the present study manganese chloride (MnCl2) solution has been chosen as alternative contrast medium in computed tomography scanning (CT scan). It was found that using MnCl2 solution as an alternative contrast medium in rabbits which enhanced the CT scan imaging in the resolution and increasing the Hounsfield unit (HU) values of heart and kidney organs in comparison with the iodine compound at the same doses. It was chosen the heart and kidney of rabbits to study the effect of using the iodine and MnCl2 solution as alternative contrast medium in CT scan imaging, the following results: the native has 45 HU for heart and 50.1 for kidney organ. While the results of using iodine solution at dose of 3 ml has 83 HU for heart and 164 HU for kidney organ. In the MnCl2 solution which used as alternative of contrast medium has 83 HU for heart and 70.3 HU for kidney at 2.5 ml of 0.5 molar of solution. From these results the resolution of CT scan image has well and clears when using the alternative contrast medium (MnCl2). We can concluded that the alternative contrast medium of MnCl2 solution has good HU values of both heart and kidney comparison with iodine solution.
Pediatric traumatic brain injury in Zimbabwe: A prospective cohort study
Authors:   Department of Neurosurgery, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe, Kabulo Kantenga Dieu Merci , Kanmounye Ulrick Sidney ,   Research Department, Association of Future African Neurosurgeons, Yaounde, Cameroon, Mutomb Sarah ,   Jason Sendwe General Provincial Hospital, lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ntenga Patrice ,   Neuropsychiatric Center Joseph Guislain of the Brothers of Charity, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Nemayire Kelvin ,   Department of Neurosurgery, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe, Yengayenga Kingombe ,   Department of Neurosurgery, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe, Nyamapfene Brighton Valentine ,   Department of Neurosurgery, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe, Salah Aminata Yandeh ,   Department of Neurosurgery, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe, Jokonya Luxwell ,   Department of Neurosurgery, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe, Musara Aaron ,   Department of Neurosurgery, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe, Chikwasha Vasco ,   Department of Community Medicine, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe, Kalangu Kazadi Kaluile Ntenga ,   Department of Neurosurgery, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
Published: June 2021

Background. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) imposes an enormous burden on health systems and it is the most frequent cause of hospitalization in children. This study aimed at describing the causes, presentation, management, and outcome of children with TBI admitted at a tertiary referral hospital in Harare, Zimbabwe. Methods. This prospective cohort study was conducted with a convenience sample of children aged ≤ 12 years and admitted with TBI at the study site from June 2018 to May 2019. The children were followed from their admission to one-month post-discharge. Sociodemographic, clinical, and neuroimaging data were collected. The median length of stay was calculated and the Chi-square, Fisher’s exact, and Kruskal Wallis tests were used. Results. 84 children with TBI were recruited. Most were males (66.7%) and (56.0%) had sustained TBI following a motor vehicle accident. An initial period of loss of consciousness that lasted a median of 6.5 (IQR = 4.8) hours was noted in 60.7% of patients. The most common symptom at presentation was headache (61.9%), and mild TBI was the most common type of TBI. Skeletal injuries were the most encountered associated injuries (13.1%) and the majority of patients were managed non-operatively – 79 (94.0%). Most patients (56.0%) experienced upper good recovery at one-month follow-up. Conclusions. Motor vehicle accidents are the main cause of pediatric TBI in Zimbabwe. Most patients do not require surgical treatment and have a good recovery.
SARS-CoV-2 in pre-existing autoimmune myasthenia gravis: An institutional experience
Authors:   Department of Neurology, Sri Aurobindo Medical College and Post Graduate Institute, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India, Goyal Nitisha , Jain Rahul ,   Department of Neurology, Sri Aurobindo Medical College and Post Graduate Institute, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India, Chouksey Dinesh ,   Department of Neurology, Sri Aurobindo Medical College and Post Graduate Institute, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India, Sodani Ajoy ,   Department of Neurology, Sri Aurobindo Medical College and Post Graduate Institute, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
Published: June 2021

The impact of SARS-CoV-2 on pre-existing chronic neuromuscular junction disorders like myasthenia gravis (MG) is not known. We report three patients with pre-existing acetylcholine receptor autoantibody-positive myasthenia gravis who were infected with SARS-CoV-2. We observed the clinical course of these patients during hospitalization, none of the three patients had an exacerbation of peripheral myasthenia syndromes like ptosis, extra-ocular muscle weakness, bulbar or limb weakness during hospitalization. Therapy for MG was not altered during hospitalization for any of the patients. While two of the patients had a favorable outcome, one succumbed to the complications of SARS-CoV-2. Our findings suggest that the clinical course of MG remains unaffected during course, however outcome is variable depending on severity of SARS-CoV-2. Further large observations are needed to define best management and treatment principals and determinants of outcomes in this unique patient population of co-occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 and myasthenia gravis.
Young patient`s secondary prevention in ischemic stroke with the percutaneous closure of the patent foramen ovale and postoperative repermeabilisation – case report
Authors:   Neuroscience Department, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Stanciu Teodor-Valentin ,   County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 2nd Neurology Clinic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Nemes Bianca ,   Neuroscience Department, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania,   County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 2nd Neurology Clinic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Mariesan Diana ,   Neuroscience Department, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania,   County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 2nd Neurology Clinic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Vacaras Vitalie ,   Neuroscience Department, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania,   County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 2nd Neurology Clinic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Muresanu Dafin Fior ,   Neuroscience Department, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania,   County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 2nd Neurology Clinic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Published: June 2021

Introduction. Cryptogenic stroke represents 25% of all cases. Paradoxical embolism is a common case in people under 45 years old who have patent foramen ovale. Case presentation. 44-years old patient with left motor deficit, dysarthria and dizziness suddenly installed after physical effort. During neurological evaluation, the patient had a central type facial paresis, slight asymmetry of the palatine tonsil, left motor hemiparesis (4/5), dysmetria and dysarthria. Biological examinations showed an association with MTHFR and heterozygous V factor mutation. Computed tomography was made brain with venous sequence where we could see hypoplastic right vertebral artery. MRI revealed a stroke in the territory of the superior cerebellar artery, bilaterally. Transesophageal ultrasound described a patent foramen ovale and an atrial septal defect. RoPE scale was 8 which meant a big risk for paradoxical embolism. Surgical correction was made for secondary prevention of stroke. After 3 months, the patient made a transcranial ultrasound with microbubbles contrast agent which detected a permeable right-to-left shunt. Conclusions. The ischemic stroke and patent foramen ovale with paradoxical embolism mechanism are common in young adults. Postinterventional repermeabilization are rare cases which can raise many questions about prophylaxis and treatment.
High serum non-high-density lipoprotein and the risk of ischemic stroke: A systematic review
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia, Apsari Nyoman Tyas , Tini Kumara ,   Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia,   Department of Neurology, Sanglah Hospital, Bali, Indonesia, Widyadharma I Putu Eka ,   Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia,   Department of Neurology, Sanglah Hospital, Bali, Indonesia
Published: June 2021

Objectives. High levels of non high density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) are known to contribute to an increased risk of ischemic stroke. This systematic review was conducted to identify the relationship between high non-HDL-C levels and the risk of ischemic stroke. Material and methods. This systematic review using PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses) statement guideline, with a pre-determined search strategy. The search was conducted in Pubmed Central (PMC) and Pubmed from 2009 until 2020 with inclusion criteria, patients with a diagnosis of ischemic stroke, age >18 years, with non-HDL-C levels. The title and abstract of these articles were reviewed for relevance, based on inclusion criteria. This systematic review using STROBE to evaluate the quality in individual study which consists of 22 domains. Results. In the final stage, this systematic review identifies six cohort study consisting 166.720 participants. Overall, the quality in individual studies based on STROBE is good. We reported that there are two studies report that high non-HDL-C levels can significantly increase the risk of ischemic stroke. Meanwhile, there are four studies that report there was no significant relationship between high non-HDL-C levels and the risk of ischemic stroke. Conclusions. Overall, this systematic review provides the result about relationship between high levels of nonHDL-C and the risk of ischemic stroke, there are two studies with a larger population support that high levels of non-HDL-C can increase the risk of ischemic stroke. However, further studies is needed with a large population that specifically identify the relationship between non-HDL-C levels and risk of ischemic stroke and makes a better adjustments for confounding variables.
Genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus – an overview
Authors:   Pediatric Neurology Department, “Dr. Victor Gomoiu” Children’s Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Radu Madalina , Roza Eugenia ,   Pediatric Neurology Department, “Dr. Victor Gomoiu” Children’s Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Teleanu Daniel Mihai ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Teleanu Raluca Ioana ,   Pediatric Neurology Department, “Dr. Victor Gomoiu” Children’s Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: June 2021

Genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+) is characterized by a group of genetic epilepsies associated predominately with an autosomal dominant pattern, but also with de novo and autosomal-recessive inheritance, these last two found in a small number of cases. It was believed that GEFS+ is associated only with generalized seizures, but now the term “genetic epilepsy” is preferred because it has been demonstrated that GEFS+ is associated with both generalized and focal seizures. The “GEFS+ family” was defined as a family with more than two individuals with GEFS+ phenotypes, including at least one with febrile seizure or febrile seizure plus. The GEFS+ spectrum includes febrile seizures (FS), febrile seizures plus (FS+), myoclonic seizures, myoclonic-atonic seizures, absences seizures, focal or generalized seizures. The genetic mutations responsible for inhibitor-excitatory imbalance in neurons network were found in sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 1 (SCN1A), sodium voltage-gated channel beta subunit 1 (SCN1B), sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 2 (SCN2A), sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 9 (SCN9A), gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit gamma 2 (GABRG2), which are the main gene in GEFS+ genotype.
Effect of mCIMT with and without interval on hand in patient suffering from stroke
Authors:   Department of Physiotherapy, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India, Bhardwaj Piyush , Kaur Jaspreet ,   Department of Physiotherapy, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India, Gera Charu ,   Department of Physiotherapy, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India, Malik Manoj ,   Department of Physiotherapy, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India
Published: June 2021

Introduction. Paresis of hand has severe impact on the life of the stroke patients. Modified constrained induced movement therapy (mCIMT) can be used to treat the involved limb of the patient. It involves constraining of functional hand and increasing the activity of paretic hand which overcomes the “learned disuse” that develops following stroke but the constraining also creates difficulties for the patient and reduces his/her compliance to the treatment. Hence this trial aims to study the effect of mCIMT with and without interval to see if providing relaxation in between the treatment would be able to produce similar effect as mCIMT without interval protocol. Matgerial and methods. 44 patients were recruited in the study and were divided in to three groups: mCIMT without interval (n = 18), mCIMT with interval (n = 16) and control group (n = 10). Participants in three groups were examined for pain and functionality of hand through Patient rated wrist hand evaluation score and Box and Block test at pre and post intervention. The intervention was given for 6 days/week for two weeks. Therapy time was 2 hours and constrain was for 6 hours a day. Clinical trial registration number -CTRI/2019/12/022547. Results. No baseline differences were found in between the three groups. There was significant increase in box and block test score and significant decrease in PRWHE score in pre and post treatment readings for with and without interval mCIMT but non-significant changes in PRWHE score and box and block test were seen in control group. Conclusion. Both interval and without interval mCIMT was effective. Interval mCIMT was seen to be more comfortable than without interval mCIMT for the patient.
Multiple renal injuries lead to death in postoperative cardiac surgery even with precocious hemodiafiltrations
Authors:   Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, “M.S.Curie” Emergency Children’s Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Bizubac Mihaela , Cirstoveanu Catalin ,   Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, “M.S.Curie” Emergency Children’s Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Filip Cristina ,   Pediatric Cardiology, “M.S.Curie” Emergency Children’s Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Nicolescu Alin ,   Pediatric Cardiology, “M.S.Curie” Emergency Children’s Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Barascu Ileana ,   Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, “M.S.Curie” Emergency Children’s Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Chirca Ruxandra ,   Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, “M.S.Curie” Emergency Children’s Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Gaiduchevici Alina ,   Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, “M.S.Curie” Emergency Children’s Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Plesca Doina Anca ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   “Dr. Victor Gomoiu” Clinical Children’s Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
Published: June 2021

We present the case of a newborn diagnosed with perinatal asphyxia and secondary renal injuries, transposition of the great vessels and low systemic blood flow, treated with Prostaglandin, atrioseptostomy, followed by arterial switch surgery After the cardiac surgery the patient is oliguric and requires hemodiafiltration for 12 days, after which renal function is restored. In evolution, however, AVB (atrioventricular block) grade III occurs, followed by implantation of permanent pacemaker, but another postoperative complication – chylothorax – leads to stopping electrical stimulation followed by severe cardiac dysfunction and, consequently, recurrent renal injury and anuria. Re-establishing hemodiafiltration for another 7 days without recovery of renal function. Perinatal asphyxia, cardiac heart disease with low systemic blood flow, prostaglandin, atrioseptostomy, cardiac rhythms disturbances, chylothorax, sepsis, cardiac arrest are intriguing factors that bring renal injury. Their association greatly decreases the chance of survival even if the patient benefits from supportive treatment and early hemodiafiltration.
Non-immunologic hydrops fetalis and coronavirus disease (COVID-19) – A case report
Authors:   Department of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pristine, Pristine, Kosovo, Krasniqi Faton , Pistulli Edmond ,   Faculty of Technical Medical Sciences, University of Tirana, Albania, Gashi Astrit M. ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pristine, Pristine, Kosovo, Krasniqi Isabere ,   Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pristine, Pristine, Kosovo
Published: June 2021

Non-immune hydrops fetalis is a severe fetal condition defined as the excessive accumulation of fetal fluid within the fetal extravascular compartments and body cavities. The prevalence of non-immune hydrops fetalis is unknown. Currently, about 90% of cases of hydrops fetalis are non-immune hydrops fetalis. Non-immune hydrops fetalis causes are multi-factorial. The pathophysiological mechanism of non-immunologic hydrops fetalis is related to abnormal fluid transportation between plasma and tissues. This is due to the increase in hydrostatic capillary pressure and capillary permeability and a reduction of the plasma osmotic pressure or lymphatic flow. A variety of viral infection agents have been associated with non-immune hydrops fetalis like parvovirus B19, herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, Toxoplasma gondii, Treponema pallidum, but even other viruses that attack the maternal and fetus during pregnancy cannot be excluded as possible causes of non-immune hydrops fetalis. We present one case of non-immune hydrops fetalis who was diagnosed intra-uterine, three weeks after recovery from Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). After much investigation, we could not find any known factor that may be the cause of non-immunologic hydrops fetalis. Therefore, we predisposed a possible causal connection between nonimmunologic hydrops fetalis and Coronavirus disease (COVID-19).
Tulburările de refracţie la copii
Authors:   Facultatea de Medicină şi Farmacie, Universitatea din Oradea, România, Holhoş Larisa-Bianca , Coroi Mihaela ,   Facultatea de Medicină şi Farmacie, Universitatea din Oradea, România,   Spitalul Clinic Judeţean de Urgenţă, Oradea, România, Holhoş Teodora ,   Facultatea de Medicină şi Farmacie, Universitatea de Vest „Vasile Goldiş“, Arad, România, Damian Ioana ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Iuliu Haţieganu“, Cluj-Napoca, România, Cherecheş Jessica ,   Facultatea de Medicină şi Farmacie, Universitatea din Oradea, România, Lazăr Liviu ,   Facultatea de Medicină şi Farmacie, Universitatea din Oradea, România
Published: June 2021

Conform estimărilor curente, la nivel global există aproximativ 150 milioane de persoane cu o tulburare de refracţie necorectată, însumând 27% din populaţia mondială. Dintre aceştia, aproximativ 1,4 milioane sunt copii şi prezintă o formă mai uşoară sau mai gravă de disfuncţie vizuală secundară viciilor de refracţie. Începând cu 1990, afecţiunile oculare considerate a fi o problemă de sănătate publică în rândul copiilor şi care produc disfuncţie vizuală sunt erorile refractive, având o prevalenţă de până la 43%. Maturarea vederii se produce în copilăria precoce, când toate simţurile şi abilităţile motorii conlucrează pentru achiziţia limbajului, a primelor impresii despre mediul înconjurător şi a tuturor elementelor care definesc persoana în sine. Vederea este un sistem percepţional contributiv în dezvoltarea cognitivă, socială, senzorio-motorie şi în acumularea de informaţii despre mediul înconjurător. În primii ani de viaţă, copilul descoperă activităţi tot mai complexe, fiind necesare abilităţile de schimbare a fixaţiei în spaţiu de la un punct la altul şi o motilitate binoculară normală.
Pediatric heart failure
Authors:   “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, Tg. Mures, Romania, Muntean Iolanda ,   Clinic of Pediatric Cardiology, Emergency Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Transplantation, Tg. Mures, Romania, Barmou Asmaa Carla ,   Clinic of Pediatric Cardiology, Emergency Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Transplantation, Tg. Mures, Romania, Gozar Liliana ,   “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, Tg. Mures, Romania,   Clinic of Pediatric Cardiology, Emergency Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Transplantation, Tg. Mures, Romania, Fagarasan Amalia ,   “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology, Tg. Mures, Romania,   Clinic of Pediatric Cardiology, Emergency Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Transplantation, Tg. Mures, Romania
Published: June 2021

Pediatric heart failure is a significant challenge in clinical practice, a global burden worldwide. Compared to adult population, heart failure in children has a variety of etiologies depending on the patients age. However, pediatric heart failure guidelines are still extrapolated from adult population. In infants and children, the pharmacological treatment is based on angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, beta-blockers, aldosterone receptors antagonists, and other diuretics in the presence of congestion, with a lower use of device therapy. In end-stage heart failure, as a bridge to transplantation or recovery, ventricular assist devices or different palliative surgical interventions are used nowadays. This review focuses on the most important causes, pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical manifestation and management of pediatric heart faliure based on recent guidelines. Furthermore, it emphasize the newer pharmacological or non-pharmacological therapies that have been recently approved in pediatric population.
Statusul nutrițional matern, o condiție sine qua non pentru evoluția fătului, nou-născutului, copilului și adultului
Authors:   Departmentul Obstetrică-Ginecologie, Universitatea de Medicină, Farmacie, Științe și Tehnologie „George Emil Palade“, Târgu Mureș, România, Rugină Cosmin , Mărginean Cristina Oana ,   Departmentul Pediatrie I, Universitatea de Medicină, Farmacie, Științe și Tehnologie „George Emil Palade“, Târgu Mureș, România, Meliț Lorena Elena ,   Departmentul Pediatrie I, Universitatea de Medicină, Farmacie, Științe și Tehnologie „George Emil Palade“, Târgu Mureș, România, Mărginean Claudiu ,   Departmentul Obstetrică-Ginecologie, Universitatea de Medicină, Farmacie, Științe și Tehnologie „George Emil Palade“, Târgu Mureș, România
Published: June 2021

Cȃştigul ponderal excesiv al femeii gravide este un factor predictiv pentru obezitatea maternă, cu implicații asupra greutății nou-născuților și posibile complicații pe termen scurt și lung. Cȃştigul ponderal ȋn sarcină depinde de factori etnici, sociali şi de paritate. Exceptând factorii menționați anterior, nu este de neglijat nici impactul major al susceptibilității genetice, punându-se în evidență că există trei perioade principale ce influenţează evoluţia fetală, și anume periconcepţională, intrauterină şi postnatală. Mediul intrauterin deține un rol esenţial în dezvoltarea optimă a fătului, având efect asupra structurilor şi funcţiilor organelor produsului de concepţie, considerându-se în acest moment că bolile adultului îşi au originea în copilărie. Astfel, este bine cunoscută legătura dintre câștigul ponderal gestațional excesiv și obezitatea sau bolile metabolice la copil. Mai mult, unele dintre cele mai noi informații din literatură sugerează că alergiile, wheezing-ul sau astmul copilului ar putea avea, la rândul lor, legătură cu statusul nutrițional matern. În concluzie, excesul ponderal gestațional deține un rol decisiv în apariţia obezităţii şi bolilor metabolice la copil, de aici rezultând importanţa majoră a unei diete echilibrate pe perioada sarcinii pentru a favoriza un câștig ponderal optim, cu efect pozitiv asupra bunăstării fetale, care să prevină riscul metabolic al produsului de concepţie.
Frequency of iodine deficiency disorders among children living in the iodine deficiency region
Authors:   Department of Pediatrics and Medical Genetics, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Sorokman Tamila , Bachu Marina ,   Department of Pediatrics and Medical Genetics, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Sokolhyk Iryna ,   Department of Pediatrics and Medical Genetics, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
Published: June 2021

Introduction. Currently, only a small number of countries have a stable iodine adequacy, about a third of the world’s population lives in areas with some iodine deficiency. Because children have an increased risk of adverse effects in response to iodine deficiency, it is important to assess the health of these children. Aim. To investigate the frequency of iodine deficiency in children from the iodine deficiency region. Methods. The research was conducted during expeditions to various geographical areas of Northern Bukovyna (Chernivtsi region, Ukraine). 1,973 school-age children were examined (measurement of anthropometric indicators, assessment of cognitive, physical and sexual development, ultrasonography of the thyroid gland (TG), ovaries and testicles, determination of hormonal status and iodine in urine). Results. Of 1,973 children, 53.7% (1060) had thyroid abnormalities. The frequency of goiter in the mountain zone – 59.8%. In 12.3% of children there was a tendency to increase of TSH. The median ioduria in children from mountainous areas corresponds to moderate iodine deficiency. Children from mountainous areas have various disorders: 38.5% disharmonious physical development, a third low intellectual development, disorders of the order of appearance and development of secondary sexual characteristics in the examined children. Conclusion. The results of the study show the negative impact of iodine deficiency on the body of children. It is necessary to continue monitoring of ioduria and children’s health and implement preventive measures.
Prevalence of Pseudomonas in dental unit water of private dental clinics and its antimicrobial susceptibility using MAR index
Authors:   Mercy Multispeciality Dental Centre, Tamilnadu, India, Shunmugavelu Karthik , Dhanaswathii T. ,   Mercy Multispeciality Dental Centre, Tamilnadu, India, Janani S.R. ,   Mercy Multispeciality Dental Centre, Tamilnadu, India
Published: June 2021

The bacteriology of water in a dental unit is important as potentially pathogenic microorganisms like Pseudomonas may be present in dental water unit, which could be fatal for immuno-compromised patients and be of significant morbidity in immuno-competent patients. It is difficult to treat infections caused by Pseudomonas due to their resistance to many commonly used disinfectants and antibiotics. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the Pseudomonas contamination in dental unit water lines of a dental hospital outpatient department and to analyse the antimicrobial susceptibility of Pseudomonas.