bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlates of Job Satisfaction of Community School's Teachers of Phidim Municipality, Nepal
Authors: Bhandari Laxmi Prasad Bhandari
Published: August 2021

Teachers' satisfaction is a significant concern of the overall education system of a country. This study examines the factors influencing job satisfaction of community school teachers' of Phidim Municipality. More specifically, this paper aims to investigate whether the sex of the teacher, income, nature of the job, age, birthplace, religion and educational status affect teachers' job satisfaction or not. This study is a cross sectional survey where sample size is determined by using Slovin's formula and the data were drawn from a self-administered questionnaire from randomly selected community school teachers. The percentages, Chi-Square test, and binomial logistic regression model were used for univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis using SPSS. The yearly income, age of teachers, and nature of job were found significantly associated with teachers' satisfaction under bivariate analysis whereas the binomial logistic regression justified the association of teachers' satisfaction to income of teachers and nature of their job only. The association of teacher's satisfaction to the sex of respondent, religion, educational status, and birthplace were found not significant using both bivariate and multivariate analysis. It is the conclusion that the permanency of job and reasonable salary must be managed mainly to make teacher's satisfied.  In the present Nepalese context, the adjustment of teacher's salary as per the changing cost of living figure is necessary for teacher's job satisfaction. Likewise, the formulation of the teacher service commission as constitutional body, and regular operation of examination for teacher's permanent recruitment can enhance teacher's job satisfaction.
Direction of Foreign Trade of Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Rohit Kumar
Published: August 2021

It is foreign trade that deals with the transaction of goods, including services, financial flows, and the movement of factors of production, like labor, capital, and entrepreneurship. The objective of the 15th plan for Nepal is to reduce the trade deficit by increasing production, managing imports, and diversifying trade on a country-wise and a goods-wise basis for export promotion and to maintain foreign exchange stability, external sector stability, and a targeted foreign exchange reserve. The purpose of this research is to assess the direction of Nepalese foreign trade. The author has not found the updated research work of the type. This is a descriptive study that uses secondary data. The analysis relies on simple mathematical tools such as ratios and percentages. The data clearly expresses a huge trade deficit. The rapidly increasing trade imbalance indicates that foreign trade policy needs to be evaluated and improved. In 2019/20, foreign trade in Nepal was adversely affected as compared to previous study years. Nepal's major trade partner is India in terms of imports, exports, trade balance, and total trade. In 2019/20, India's share of total exports stood at 71.8 percent, which was 64.6 percent last year. In total imports, India's share remained at 61.4 percent, as compared to 64.7 percent last year. The findings help the government of Nepal, researchers, practitioners, and learners to know the existing direction of foreign trade of Nepal.
नेपालको संविधानमा स्वास्थ्यसम्बन्धी अधिकार तथा कोभिड - १९ महामारी
Authors: श्रेष्ठ अमृतकुमार , दाहाल चक्रराज
Published: August 2021

करिब एकसय वर्षपछि पृथ्वीमा अर्को नयाँ महामारीका रूपमा कोरोना भाइरसको सङ्क्रमण देखिएको छ जसले संसारको सबै क्षेत्र र देशलाई प्रभावित गरेको छ । नेपाल पनि यस महामारीबाट अछुतो रहन सकेन । लाखौं नेपालीहरू कोभिड–१९ बाट सङ्क्रमित भए भने हजारौं नेपालीको यही कारणले दुःखद् निधन समेत हुनपुग्यो । चिकित्सा विज्ञानमा गहिरो अनुसन्धान गरेका र धेरै सफलता प्राप्त गरेका विकसित भनिएका देशहरूलाई समेत कोरोना ठूलो चुनौतीका रूपमा देखापर्यो । अझै पनि यस महामारीका विरूद्ध सारा विश्व मानव समुदाय युद्धस्तरमा लडिरहेको छ । यस महामारीले संसारको जीवनशैली नै परिवर्तन गरिदिएको मात्र होइन जीवन बचाउन नै हम्मेहम्मे पारिरहेको छ । नेपाल जस्तो विकासोन्मूख देशका लागि त यो महामारी सीमित साधनस्रोतको प्रयोगबाट सकेको व्यवस्थापन गर्नु, अरूसँग गुहार माग्नु वा आत्मसमर्पण गर्नुको विकल्प नै छैन । यसै सन्दर्भमा यस लेखमा नेपालको संविधानले प्रदान गरेको स्वास्थ्यसम्बन्धी हक र यस महामारीमा यसको कार्यान्वयन विषयमा केन्द्रित रहेर राज्यबाट उपलब्ध गराएको स्वास्थ्य सेवाको विश्लेषण गर्ने प्रयास गरिएको छ । यो लेख संविधान, सरकार र यसअन्तर्गतका निकायले प्रकाशन गरेको सामग्री, विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठन तथा अन्य अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय निकाय तथा संस्थाहरूले प्रकाशन गरेको तथ्याङ्क, विभिन्न सञ्चार माध्यममा प्रकाशित सामग्रीहरूमा आधारित रहेको छ ।
‘सालको पातको टपरी’ गीतको सङ्कथन विश्लेषण
Authors: नेपाल शक्तिराज
Published: August 2021

प्रस्तुत लेख ‘सालको पातको टपरी’ नामक गीतको सङकथनमा केन्द्रित छ । यसमा सङकथनको खोजी गर्ने क्रममा गीतको लयविधान, सहचार्य सम्बन्ध र सन्दर्भहरुको पनि प्रक्षेपण गरी पूर्ण सङकथनात्मक पाठमा रुपमा अध्ययन गरिएको छ । गीति लयदेखि गीतका विभिन्न संरचनागत तथा अर्थगत सङकथनहरुको खोजीमा यो लेख केन्द्रित छ ।
Genetic engineering of cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferases
Authors: Баймиев Ан.Х. , Гильванова Е.А. , Мильман П.Ю. , Матниязов Р.Т. , Баймиев Ал.Х.
Published: August 2021

Studies of cyclic oligosaccharides from six, seven and eight glucose residues, designated as alpha-, beta- and gamma-cyclodextrins, respectively, and everything related to them have been going on for 130 years. In this review, the history of the study of these molecules is briefly considered. The interest in cyclodextrins is caused by their ability to form inclusion complexes with a number of organic and inorganic compounds, radically changing some of their properties. This is widely used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries, and beta-cyclodextrin is even registered as a food additive E459. Cyclodextrins are obtained from starch under the action of cyclodextringlucanotransferase (CGTase) enzymes, a characteristic feature of which is their non-strict specificity in relation to the types of oligosaccharides produced. The main producers of these enzymes are a group of bacteria of the order Bacillales, which unites several families (Paenibacillaceae, Bacillaceae, Thermoactynomicetaceae, etc.), but in last years CGTases have been found in a wide range of bacteria and archaea. The genetic engineering of CGTases began in the middle of 1980s, after the CGTase gene from Paenibacillus macerans (formerly Bacillus macerans) was cloned and sequenced for the first time, and during this period rather noticeable progress was made in understanding the organization and functioning of these enzymes, including using X-ray diffraction analysis. With the help of site-directed mutagenesis, error-prone PCR, as well as by creating chimeric forms of these enzymes, certain successes have been achieved in recent decades in changing (improving) the specificity of their action. Suitable leader peptides are used to increase the synthesis and secretion of genetically engineered CGTases, and various heterologous producers are also proposed, including the bacteria Escherichia coli, B.subtilis, Lactococcus lactis and the methylotrophic yeast Koagataella phaffii.
Obtaining the rapA1 genome-transformed tomato plants
Authors: Хакимова Л.Р. , Чубукова О.В. , Вершинина З.Р.
Published: August 2021

Bacterial agglutinin RapA1 is involved in the attachment of rhizobia to the roots of macrosymbiont plants. Obtaining transgenic crops that produce this protein directly on the root surface is important for studying the symbiosis of these plants with rhizobia. Tomatoes (Lycopersicon lycopersicum L.) cultivar Gruntovy Gribovskiy 1180 were transformed with the gene rapA1 using the Agrobacterium tumefaciens AGL0 strain carrying the vector pCambia1301LPSLRapA1. The efficiency of the developed transformation method was about 5%.
LAMP amplification of nucleic acids. I. Two decades of development and improvement.
Authors: Гарафутдинов Р.Р. , Чемерис Д.А. , Мавзютов А.Р. , Ахметзянова Л.У. , Давлеткулов Т.М. , Губайдуллин И.М. , Чемерис А.В.
Published: August 2021

Over the two decades that have passed since the development of loop amplification (Loop AMPlification, LAMP), that carry out to detect specific nucleic acid under isothermal conditions, it has undergone quite a lot of improvements. This review presents data represented methodological bases of about a hundred variations of the LAMP, classified according to the methods of detecting both target DNA products (lamplicons) and by-products (pyrophosphate and protons), taking into account the specificity of the processes, and according to the purpose of certain LAMP options and implementation, including microfluidics. Particular attention is paid to quantitative LAMP amplification and promising digital LAMP. The prospects for the development of the method are presented.
In the memory of professor Rinat Ibragimov – to the 65th anniversary from birthday
Authors: Шпирная И.А. , Фархутдинов Р.Г. , Яруллина Л.Г. , Марданшин И.С. , Цветков В.О.
Published: August 2021

The article is dedicated to the memory of Rinat Ismagilovich Ibragimov (1956–2018), doctor Grand PhD in Biological Sciences, Professor of Bashkir State University (BashSU). For 12 years, R.I. Ibragimov was a Dean of the Faculty of Biology, for a long time he headed the Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology. He was a talented scientist, teacher and leader, the organizer of major scientific events at the Faculty of Biology of BashSU. Scientific researches of Ibragimov R.I. were devoted to the study of molecular mechanisms of interaction of plants with phytophagous and pathogens. He obtained priority data on the biochemical characteristics of insect pests in the agroecosystems of the Republic of Bashkortostan, studied varietal characteristics of cultivated plants due to their resistance to pests. Laboratory methods for determining the activity of enzymes, methods of digital data processing in experiments on the quantitative determination of the activity of hydrolases and their inhibitors has been developed. Followers of Professor R.I. Ibragimov continue the development of his scientific ideas. In September 2020, the III Russian Conference "Modern Problems of Biochemistry, Genetics and Biotechnology" dedicated to the memory of Professor Ibragimov R.I. is scheduled to be held at Bashkir State University in Ufa.
Pedagogika przygody a harcerstwo. Studium teoretyczne
Authors: Palamer-Kabacińska Ewa
Published: August 2021

The author attempts to answer the question concerning the relations between adventure pedagogy and scouting. She also asks if equating both of them is justified. She analyses – from a theoretical point of view – the methods of both education systems, including their ideological and organizational background.
Different Peoples, Different Inebriations: The Recognition of Different Cultures of Intoxication in Early Modern English Medicine
Authors: Pierini Edoardo
Published: August 2021

In early modern Europe, the global dimensions of the drug trade and the introduction of new substances contributed to the development of new cultures of intoxication. This process was particularly evident in England, where a new intoxication culture emerged from the recognition of how different substances produced similar reactions. Medical travel literature provides a critical source for examining alternative methods of drug consumption in the non-Western world in this period: culturally embedded practices like Turkish opium eating or Native American tobacco smoking became significant benchmarks for comparing with Western habits of alcohol consumption. This article argues that the early modern Western medical community relied on comparisons of intoxication in other contexts in an effort to describe its own culturally embedded practices of alcohol intoxication.
Publishing and Paternalism in the Grenfell Mission: Wilfred Grenfell’s Accounts of a Boy Patient and Doctor-Patient Relations in Northern Newfoundland and Labrador, 1900–14
Authors: Matchim John R.H.
Published: August 2021

In 1906 Dr. Wilfred Grenfell, founder and head of the Grenfell medical mission of northern Newfoundland and southeastern Labrador, published a short article in Putnam’s Monthly about a nine-year-old boy named Clem Richards, who had shot himself in the knee while hunting seabirds. The boy’s identity was disclosed in full, with Grenfell including his name and image as well as a detailed description of his living conditions. The “story” of the boy’s injury and recovery became a favourite of Grenfell’s, and it was modified and republished in a number of magazines and books between 1906 and 1923. This article explores the appeal that Richards’ accident held for Grenfell and argues that his dramatic mid-winter rescue of the boy helped Grenfell promote his mission and construct a public image of himself that would appeal to American readers and donors. By comparing published accounts with Richards’ medical case record, however, we also see how much Grenfell distorted the incident to heighten its drama and reader appeal. The article also considers how the mission’s dominance over northern Newfoundland and southeastern Labrador enabled Grenfell to use Richards’ name and image for mission publicity with no consideration of patient consent.
Economic Inequality and COVID-19 Deaths and Cases in the First Wave: A Cross-Country Analysis
Authors: Davies James B.
Published: August 2021

The cross-country relationship of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) case and death rates with previously measured income inequality and poverty in the pandemic’s first wave is studied, controlling for other underlying factors, in a worldwide sample of countries. If the estimated associations are interpreted as causal, the Gini coefficient for income has a significant positive effect on both cases and deaths per capita in regressions using the full sample and for cases but not for deaths when Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and non-OECD sub-samples are treated separately. The Gini coefficient for wealth has a significant positive effect on cases, but not on deaths, in both sub-samples and in the full sample. Poverty generally has weak positive effects in the full and non-OECD samples, but a relative poverty measure has a strong positive effect on cases in the OECD sample. Analysis of the gap between COVID-19 first-wave cases and deaths per capita in Canada and the higher rates in the United States indicates that 37 percent of the cases gap and 28 percent of the deaths gap could be attributed to the higher-income Gini in the United States according to the full-sample regressions.
Sustainable, Proficient Fodder Influenced By Bio Diversity in Mineral Composition of Shrub Leaves of Quetta District
Authors: Iqbal Anam , Shaeen Ghazala , Asrar Zaidi Mudassir , Rais Afroz , Khan Ikramullah , Iqbal Kanwal
Published: August 2021

The vegetation of Balochistan is of critical value to the quality of life for the local nomadic people. Many important dominant species used for animal grazing were selected to evaluate their value as fodder during 2016-2017. These plants including Amylgdalus brahuica Boiss, Prunus eburnea Aitch, Caragana ambigua Stocks, Sophora mollis Royle, Perovskia abrotanoides Karel, and Berberis baluchistanica Ahrendt, (as because Sophora mollis were not found in Zarghoon] were collected seasonally from Hazarganji, Karkhasa and Zarghoon area of Quetta district. These were analyzed for macro and micro elemental composition such as P, Ca, Na, K, S, Fe, Zn, Sr, Al and Mn by using atomic absorption, flame photometer and X-ray florescence spectrophotometer. The elemental concentrations were compared with standard feed table of Pakistan Agriculture Research Council. P. eburnea and B. baluchistanica showed good amount of nutrients in their foliage, these two plants were palatable and preferred by the small ruminants, while A. brahuica and C. ambigua showed medium amounts of minerals and fulfill the requirements of the animal as fodder. The animals did not prefer to eat P. abrotanoides may due to its strong smell while S. mollishad deposition of cutin and suberin on their leaves. It was observed that there was no significant difference (P > 0.05] in the concentration of different elements of the forage due to seasonal changes.
Analytical Methods for Determination of Salbutamol, Ambroxol and Fexofenadine
Authors: M. Sebaiy Mahmoud , Elkady Yara , M. El-Adl Sobhy , Baraka Mohamed
Published: August 2021

In this review article, we will introduce all reported methods that have been developed for determination of certain anti-tussive and anti-histaminic drugs such as salbutamol, ambroxol and fexofenadine in their pure form, combined form with other drugs, combined form with degradation products, and in biological samples. We also will shed the light on the most important combination of drugs that are used for treatment of asthma and related diseases.
Impression during Coronavirus Pandemic on Behaviour of Infectious-microbial-disease and Home-physical-tools in Saudi-public
Authors: Sabra Sherifa
Published: August 2021

This work was for "Impression during Coronavirus Pandemic (CVP) on Behaviour of Infectious-microbial-disease (IMD) and Home-physical-tools (HPTs) in Saudi-public (SP)". The aim was for a clarify impression during CVP on changing behaviour of IMD and HPTs in SP. That was by making a questionnaire to obtain information from people in SP. It found participating 28.5% for < 20 yr and was 71.5% for > 20 yr, 31.5% were men and 68.5% were women. While 92.5% lived in families, were HPTs differed in 83.5%, 75.5% agreed presence source Coronavirus infection (CVI) in the HPTs. As well as 11.5% individuals had CVI, where 84.5% refused to use HPTs if were suspected of carrying the CVI patient. Once 94.5% was not dealing with individuals infected with CV. Anywhere, 69.5% agreed for good treatment with the CVI patient after recovery and so 73.5% acquired skills to change the behaviour of HPTs. From the whole caution handle was 29.5%, hand washing considered 20%, permanent sterilization was 18.5%. The use of gloves and facemasks was 16.5%, not use other people's tools, it took 15.5%. That concluded from this paper the approved changes behaviour of IMD and HPTs in SP, that which had important for the decrease of CVP presence in SP and worldwide. That recommended the CVP is very risk in SP and worldwide and must take care of every behaviour in house to decrease CVI. We intend to do future research in changes behaviour in house to protect family members from CVI and save SP.
Effect of 17 Aplha Methyl Testosterone on Sex Reversal of Oreochromis Niloticus Fry
Authors: Hagar Elsadig
Published: August 2021

The effect of oral application of three concentrations of 17 α methyl testosterone (17 α-MT) in sex reversal of Oreochromis niloticus fry was studied. About 1,200 day one O. niloticus larvae with an average weight of 0.002g distributed into 12 plastic container (each 14L capacity). The experiment consisted of four treatments and three replicates for 17 α-MT application in stage one, and 12 happa (1m×1m×1m) in stage two for fry rearing. The male% increased significantly (p<0.05) with increase of 17 α-MT concentration. T1 (63%) yielded 84%; T2 (78.3%) yielded 87% and T3 (86.7%) yielded (89%). Survival rates significantly decreased (p<0.05) with the increase of 17 α-MT level (T3, T2 and T1, respectively). The proved that oral application of 17 α-MT is useful in sex reversal and production of male of O. niloticus.
Recent Advancement and Innovations in CRISPR/Cas and CRISPR Related Technologies: A review
Authors: Khan Sikandar
Published: August 2021

CRISPR genome editing technologies have been improving by every passing day. The initial CRISPR/Cas9 technologies, though emerged an improved version of genome editing in competition with TALENS and ZFNs, was nevertheless not free from technical and off-target effects. Technological improvements overtime start addressing issues with original CRISPR/Cas9 technology. The major areas of improvement targeted nucleases and delivery methods. Overtime the nuclease like Cas9 had some modifications like FokI-dCas9, Truncated guide RNAs (tru-gRNAs), Paired Cas9 nickase, Cpf1, Cas6 with Csm/Csr complex and chemically treated Cas9. In terms of delivery methods the improvements came along after almost all methods including viral methods like Recombinant Adeno Associated Viruses (rAAV), Lentivirus (LV), and bacteriophages. The review summarizes various non-viral gene delivery modes including physical methods like electroporation and chemical methods like nano particles, cell-derived membrane vesicles (CMVs) with upgraded developments. The review also compares various modes of delivering CRISPR gene editing machinery.
Essential Oil Analysis of Coriander Plant of Konya Region
Authors: Alp Hayriye
Published: August 2021

Coriander is a small aromatic perennial herbaceous plant that grows widely in western Asia, India, Pakistan, the Mediterranean basin, and the United States. Although all parts of the plant can be eaten, its fresh leaves and dry seeds are used more. fructose, sucrose), alkaloids, flavones, resins, tannins, anthroquinones, sterols (β-stesterol and β-cytosterelin), and fixed oils. Has a small amount of carminative agent. Coriander plant samples were collected by a specialist pharmacist and phytotherapist (Muammaer Şen). Cultured medicinal marshmallow herb flower was harvested and dried. The dried plant was sorted and packed in packages of 50 grams using precision scales. 100gr of randomly selected samples. It was sent to BATAM laboratory for analysis. The essential oil analysis of the coriander plant of the Konya region has been found in accordance with the pharmacopoeia standards. Coriander plant is used to take advantage of its heavy metal removal feature. Many factors can affect the essential oil ratio of the plant. It is possible to make maximum use of the essential oils of the coriander plant by making the environmental factors suitable.
Особенности проведения неразрушающего контроля полимерных и композиционных материалов с использованием бесконтактной ультразвуковой стимуляции и лазерного вибросканирования
Authors: Шпильной В.Ю. , Вавилов В.П. , Дерусова Д.А. , Дружинин Н.В. , Ямановская А.Ю.
Published: August 2021

Until present, air-coupled (non-contact) ultrasonic excitation has not been routinely used in nondestructive testing of polymers and composites. It is believed that, by combining this stimulation technique with high-sensitive laser vibrometry, it would be possible to ensure acceptable quality of inspection avoiding any external influence on materials to be tested. This study is devoted to analyzing an ultrasonic inspection system including a non-contact magnetostrictive transducer and sa canning laser dopler vibrometer in application to nondestructive testing of polymeric and composite materials. The use of the magnetostrictor has ensured stimulation power high enough to detect hidden defects, provided that the experimental procedure has been appropriately optimized. The radiation pattern of the magnetostrictive device has been analyzed to demonstrate peculiarities of combining such type of ultrasonic emitters with a titanium waveguide.
Сравнение и интерпретация результатов обработки данных внутритрубной диагностики для условий транспортировки коррозионно-агрессивного газа
Authors: Вагапов Р.К.
Published: August 2021

Many gas and gas condensate fields (Bovanenkovskoye, Urengoyskoye, Kirinskoye, etc.) are distinguished by the presence of corrosive carbon dioxide in the extracted products, which, in the presence of moisture, leads to the formation of local corrosion damage (pits, ulcers and their accumulations). One of the methods for monitoring the corrosion state of pipelines is in-line inspection (ILI), carried out by the magnetic flux leakage method. ILI is especially relevant for underground and subsea pipelines when the use of other methods of corrosion monitoring is limited or costly. Under conditions of gas production, in contrast to oil, corrosion can occur both along the lower generatrix of the pipe (bottom-of-line corrosion) and during condensation of moisture on the upper generatrix of the pipe (top-of-line corrosion). An important process is the correct planning of the ILI, the subsequent processing and interpretation of the obtained data set, which should be carried out taking into account the peculiarities of the development of carbon dioxide corrosion in the gas pipeline and in a comparative analysis with other data of corrosion control. When interpreting ILI data, one should take into account the mechanisms of corrosion development, operating conditions (route relief, etc.) and corrosion monitoring data obtained by other research methods (simulation tests, results obtained at other adjacent sections of pipelines, etc.). Correct and useful information according to ILI data will ensure reliable protection of gas pipelines and planning of measures to protect against internal corrosion.
Framing by South African Local Newspapers on Food Security, Community Participation, Empowerment and Mobilization: The Study of Eastern Cape Local Web Newspapers
Authors: T. Metula Nolukhanyo , O. Osunkunle Oluyinka
Published: August 2021

This paper evaluates how local newspapers frame food security to ensure participation, empowerment, and community mobilization for food securing purposes. The focus is on the web versions of local newspapers in Eastern Cape, South Africa. A qualitative content analysis was used to evaluate the selected local web-based newspapers' content on food security-related stories within July-December 2016. The sample was drawn from two selected local web newspapers: Herald Live and The Talk of the Town. The findings revealed that local newspapers‘ framing of increased agricultural production, local farming, land redistribution, and government‘s financial support help to empower and mobilize individuals and communities to participate in food security initiatives. This paper concludes that local newspapers can be veritable tools to enhance food security channels in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.
Tourists' Perspectives on Brand Image and Brand Loyalty of KwaZulu-Natal
Authors:   University of Zululand, Mhlongo Pamela S. , O. Ezeuduji Ikechukwu
Published: August 2021

Destinations with strong brands will possibly perform better and hold more value than destinations with unbranded offerings. As sub-Saharan Africa's tourism destinations are becoming increasingly similar, competition among them has become very intense. This research aims to measure tourists' perceptions of KwaZulu-Natal destinations' brand image and brand loyalty. A questionnaire survey of 411 respondents revealed that most tourists are attached to the KwaZulu-Natal destination and will likely return. Furthermore, they are willing to recommend KwaZulu-Natal as a preferred tourism destination to their family and friends. Therefore, it is recommended that KwaZulu-Natal tourism destination marketers capitalise on the destination‘s brand attributes that make the destination a strong brand to strengthen its role in South Africa and globally as a cultural and natural destination.
BIOFACE: A Prospective Study of Risk Factors, Cognition, and Biomarkers in a Cohort of Individuals with Early-Onset Mild Cognitive Impairment. Study Rationale and Research Protocols
Authors: Esteban de Antonio Ester ,   The BIOFACE study group AbdelnourCarlaab AguileraNuriaa Alonso-LanaSilviaa CalvetAnnaa CañabatePilara CañadaLaiaa CastillónMaría Joséa HernándezIsabelab López-CuevasRogelioa MauleónAnaa MontrrealLauraa MorenoMariolaa NogalesAna Beléna OrtegaGemmaab PrecklerSilviaa RamisMaría Isabela RobertoNataliaa Rosende-RocaMaiteea SanabriaÁngelaab TartariJuan Pabloa VargasLilianaa, Pérez-Cordón Alba , Gil Silvia , Orellana Adelina , Cano Amanda , Alegret Montserrat , Espinosa Ana , Alarcón-Martín Emilio , Valero Sergi , Martínez Joan , de Rojas Itziar , Sotolongo-Grau Óscar , Martín Elvira , Vivas Assumpta , Gomez-Chiari Marta , Tejero Miguel Ángel , Bernuz Mireia , Tárraga Lluis , Ruiz Agustín , Marquié Marta , Boada Mercè
Published: August 2021

Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) diagnosis is based on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or neuroimaging biomarkers. Currently, non-invasive and inexpensive blood-based biomarkers are being investigated, such as neuronal-derived plasma exosomes (NPEs). Neuroinflammation and early vascular changes have been described in AD pathogenesis and can be traced in plasma and NPEs. However, they have not been studied in early onset MCI (EOMCI). Objective: To describe the rationale, design, and baseline characteristics of the participants from the BIOFACE cohort, a two-year observational study on EOMCI conducted at Fundació ACE. The study goal is to characterize the different phenotypes from a clinical, neuropsychological, and biomarker point of view and to investigate the CSF and plasma proteomics as well as the role of NPEs as early biomarkers of AD. Methods: Participants underwent extended neurological and neuropsychological batteries, multimodal biomarkers including brain MRI, blood, saliva, CSF, anthropometric, and neuro-ophthalmological examinations. Results: Ninety-seven patients with EOMCI were recruited. 59.8%were women. Mean age at symptom onset was 57 years; mean MMSE was 28. First degree and presenile family history of dementia was present in 60.8%and 15.5%, respectively. Depressive and anxiety disorders along with vascular risk factors were the most frequent comorbidities. 29%of participants were APOE ɛ4 carriers, and 67%showed a CSF normal ATN profile. Conclusion: BIOFACE is a two-year study of clinical, cognition, and biomarkers that will shed light on the physiopathology and the potential utility of plasma and NPEs as non-invasive early diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in people younger than 65 years.
A Review of Oxidative Stress Products and Related Genes in Early Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Cioffi Federica , Adam Rayan Hassan Ibrahim , Bansal Ruchi , Broersen Kerensa
Published: August 2021

Oxidative stress is associated with the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Reactive oxygen species can modify lipids, DNA, RNA, and proteins in the brain. The products of their peroxidation and oxidation are readily detectable at incipient stages of disease. Based on these oxidation products, various biomarker-based strategies have been developed to identify oxidative stress levels in AD. Known oxidative stress-related biomarkers include lipid peroxidation products F2-isoprostanes, as well as malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal which both conjugate to specific amino acids to modify proteins, and DNA or RNA oxidation products 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-OHG), respectively. The inducible enzyme heme oxygenase type 1 (HO-1) is found to be upregulated in response to oxidative stress-related events in the AD brain. While these global biomarkers for oxidative stress are associated with early-stage AD, they generally poorly differentiate from other neurodegenerative disorders that also coincide with oxidative stress. Redox proteomics approaches provided specificity of oxidative stress-associated biomarkers to AD pathology by the identification of oxidatively damaged pathology-specific proteins. In this review, we discuss the potential combined diagnostic value of these reported biomarkers in the context of AD and discuss eight oxidative stress-related mRNA biomarkers in AD that we newly identified using a transcriptomics approach. We review these genes in the context of their reported involvement in oxidative stress regulation and specificity for AD. Further research is warranted to establish the protein levels and their functionalities as well as the molecular mechanisms by which these potential biomarkers are involved in regulation of oxidative stress levels and their potential for determination of oxidative stress and disease status of AD patients.
High Exhaustion in Geriatric Healthcare Professionals During the COVID-19 Second Lockdown
Authors: El Haj Mohamad , Allain Philippe , Annweiler Cédric , Boutoleau-Bretonnière Claire , Chapelet Guillaume , Gallouj Karim , Kapogiannis Dimitrios , Roche Jean , Boudoukha Abdel Halim
Published: August 2021

Background: In a previous study, we assessed burnout in geriatric healthcare workers during the first lockdown that lasted from March to May 2020 in France, in response to the COVID-19 crisis. Objective: We carried out a follow-up study to assess burnout in the same population during the second lockdown that was implemented at the end of October 2020. Methods: We used an online survey to assess burnout in terms of exhaustion and disengagement in a sample of 58 geriatric healthcare workers. Results: We found higher levels of exhaustion, disengagement, and burnout among geriatric healthcare workers during the second than during the first lockdown. We also found high levels of exhaustion but moderate disengagement and burnout during the second lockdown. Conclusion: The increased exhaustion, disengagement, and burnout during the second lockdown can be attributed to the increased workload in geriatric facilities throughout this crisis and during the second lockdown due to shortage in staff and increased number of shifts and allocated duties. The high levels of exhaustion reported among geriatric healthcare workers during the second lockdown can reflect their physical fatigue, as well as their feelings of being emotionally overextended and exhausted by their workload.
Feature selection using autoencoders with Bayesian methods to high-dimensional data
Authors: Shu Lei , Huang Kun , Jiang Wenhao , Wu Wenming , Liu Hongling
Published: August 2021

It is easy to lead to poor generalization in machine learning tasks using real-world data directly, since such data is usually high-dimensional dimensionality and limited. Through learning the low dimensional representations of high-dimensional data, feature selection can retain useful features for machine learning tasks. Using these useful features effectively trains machine learning models. Hence, it is a challenge for feature selection from high-dimensional data. To address this issue, in this paper, a hybrid approach consisted of an autoencoder and Bayesian methods is proposed for a novel feature selection. Firstly, Bayesian methods are embedded in the proposed autoencoder as a special hidden layer. This of doing is to increase the precision during selecting non-redundant features. Then, the other hidden layers of the autoencoder are used for non-redundant feature selection. Finally, compared with the mainstream approaches for feature selection, the proposed method outperforms them. We find that the way consisted of autoencoders and probabilistic correction methods is more meaningful than that of stacking architectures or adding constraints to autoencoders as regards feature selection. We also demonstrate that stacked autoencoders are more suitable for large-scale feature selection, however, sparse autoencoders are beneficial for a smaller number of feature selection. We indicate that the value of the proposed method provides a theoretical reference to analyze the optimality of feature selection.
The vaccination rate among children with nonprogressive neurodevelopmental disorders in Bosnia and Herzegovina: A single centre experience
Authors: Karlovic Helena , Franjic Damir , Arapovic Jurica
Published: August 2021

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to determine the factors influencing the decrease of the vaccination rate among children with nonprogressive neurodevelopmental disorders in Bosnia and Herzegovina. METHODS: This study included 149 parents of children with nonprogressive neurodevelopmental disorders. The children were rehabilitated at the University Clinical Hospital Mostar, from October 2017 to February 2019. RESULTS: The vaccination rate of children with nonprogressive neurodevelopmental disorders was 34.9% (P < 0.001). Based on the results of this study, physicians were the most common source of information on vaccines and vaccination procedures for parents (70.3%), whereas the media was rarely used as the source of the information (33%) (P < 0.001). Of the cases, 58.4% accepted the opinion of the pediatrician (P = 0.041). The vaccination of children was postponed on the physician’s recommendation in 87.6% of the cases (P < 0.001). Among healthcare professionals, neuropediatricians or neurophysiatrists (P = 0.023), together with pediatricians (P < 0.001), most often suggested postponing the vaccination. CONCLUSION: Overall, this study showed that the majority of children with nonprogressive neurodevelopmental disorders were unvaccinated. The majority of the parents trusted the physicians’ opinion on vaccination. Neuropediatricians and neurophysiatrists most often postponed the regular vaccination of children.
Biology and Control of Sedges Associated with Sugarcane and Rice in Florida
Authors: Calderon A. R. , Odero D. C.
Published: August 2021

This article describes the biology and control options for sedges associated with sugarcane and rice in Florida to assist growers in making correct identification and appropriate management decisions to help control these species. Written by A. R. Calderon and D. C. Odero, and published by the UF/IFAS Agronomy Department, June 2021.
2021–2022 Florida Citrus Production Guide: Citrus Black Spot
Authors: Dewdney Megan M. , Walker Callie , Roberts Pamela D. , Peres Natalia A.
Published: August 2021

Sections: regulatory considerations; growers, caretakers, harvesters, and haulers; processing and packing facilities and haulers, disposal of citrus debris; Interstate shipment of fruit; export shipment of fruit; regulatory remarks; and recommended chemical controls
2021–2022 Florida Citrus Production Guide: Asian Citrus Psyllid
Authors: Diepenbrock Lauren M. , Qureshi Jawwad , Stelinski Lukasz
Published: August 2021

Reviewed March 2021. There are no changes in recommendation from 2020.
Chapter 10. Minor Vegetable Crop Production
Authors: Seal Dakshina R. , Wang Qingren , Kanissery Ramdas , McAvoy Eugene J. , Raid Richard N. , Snodgrass Crystal A. , Beuzelin Julien , Desaeger Johan , Zhang Shouan
Published: August 2021

Chapter 10 of the Vegetable Production Handbook.
Chapter 19. Biopesticides and Alternative Disease and Pest Management Products
Authors: Peres Natalia , Vallad Gary E. , Desaeger Johan , Smith Hugh A.
Published: August 2021

Chapter 19 of the Vegetable Production Handbook.
Evaluation of Pansy Varieties as Bedding Plants to Select the Best-of-Class for Florida
Authors: Kelly Richard O. , Deng Zhanao , Harbaugh Brent K.
Published: August 2021

The information in this report is a summary of experimental results and does not provide recommendations for crop production. Where trade names are used, no discrimination is intended or endorsement implied. This document is ENH1031, one of a series of the Environmental Horticulture Department, UF/IFAS Extension. Original publication date August 2005.
Iron Deficiency in Palms
Authors: Broschat Timothy K.
Published: August 2021

This document is ENH 1013, one of a series of the Environmental Horticulture Department, UF/IFAS Extension. Original publication date September 2005. 
ENH 1013/EP265: Iron Deficiency in Palms (ufl.edu)
Magnesium Deficiency in Palms
Authors: Broschat Timothy K.
Published: August 2021

This document is ENH 1014, one of a series of the Department of Environmental Horticulture, UF/IFAS Extension. Original publication date September 2005.
ENH 1014/EP266: Magnesium Deficiency in Palms (ufl.edu)
Fungicide Resistance Action Committee's (FRAC) Classification Scheme of Fungicides According to Mode of Action
Authors: Fishel Frederick M.
Published: August 2021

This guide addresses resistance to pesticides and describes the Fungicide Resistance Action Committee's (FRAC) classification of fungicides and bactericides registered for use in Florida by their modes of action. A cross reference of active ingredient common names with corresponding examples of their trade names is also provided.  This document is PI-94, one of a series of the Pesticide Information Office, UF/IFAS Extension. Original publication date January 2006.
PI94/PI131: Fungicide Resistance Action Committee's (FRAC) Classification Scheme of Fungicides According to Mode of Action (ufl.edu)
Florida Rules for Direct Supervision of Unlicensed Pesticide Applicators
Authors: Bultemeier Brett W. , Harlow Erin E.
Published: August 2021

In the state of Florida there are three statutory chapters that dictate the rules for pesticide applications. Each chapter, 388 (mosquito), 482 (structural pest control), and 487 (agriculture and other sites), differs on who needs a license to apply pesticides and what the rules are for those who oversee unlicensed applicators. This new 3-page publication will define those rules and give guidance on what is needed to supervise unlicensed applicators in the state of Florida. Written by Brett W. Bultemeier and Erin E. Harlow and published by the UF/IFAS Pesticide Information Office.
Fusarium Wilt of Canary Island Date Palm
Authors: Elliott Monica L.
Published: August 2021

Unlike most fungal diseases of palms, this disease is very host specific, with the primary host being Phoenix canariensis (Canary Island date palm). It is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. canariensis. The name “Fusarium wilt of Canary Island date palm” was given to this disease to distinguish it from two other Fusarium wilt diseases that occur on palms, which are also very host specific. In Florida (and the U.S.), the name is often shortened to simply “Fusarium wilt.” This document is PP-215, one of a series of the Plant Pathology Department, UF/IFAS Extension. Original publication date January 2006.
PP-215/PP139: Fusarium Wilt of Canary Island Date Palm (ufl.edu)
Graphiola Leaf Spot (False Smut) of Palm
Authors: Elliott Monica L.
Published: August 2021

Graphiola leaf spot, also referred to as “false smut,” is a foliar pathogen of certain palm species. In Florida, it is primarily a cosmetic disease and does not adversely affect plant growth. Nutrient deficiencies, such as potassium or magnesium deficiency, are much more serious palm health problems than this disease, especially for Phoenix palm species. This document is PP-216, one of a series of the Plant Pathology Department, UF/IFAS Extension. Original publication date January 2006.
PP-216/PP140: Graphiola Leaf Spot (False Smut) of Palm (ufl.edu)
Bud Rots of Palm
Authors: Elliott Monica L.
Published: August 2021

There are many pathogens that can cause bud rots of palm in Florida. The most common one is Phytophthora palmivora, followed by Thielaviopsis paradoxa and bacteria. Symptoms of bud rot are similar no matter which pathogen causes the disease. This document is PP-220, one of a series of the Plant Pathology Department, UF/IFAS Extension. Original publication date January 2006.
PP-220/PP144: Bud Rot of Palm (ufl.edu)
A STUDY OF PROFILE OF PATIENTS REFERRED TO PSYCHIATRY DEPARTMENT FROM OTHERS DEPARTMENTS
Authors: Singh Bhanu Pratap , Singh Abhimanyu
Published: August 2021

Introduction: The aim is to study the Profile of patients referred to Psychiatry department in a Medical College & Hospital in Rajasthan.

Material and Methods: A study of 100 subsequent patients was conducted in psychiatry department, Diagnosis was made by psychiatrists based on ICD-10 guidelines. Data was analyzed using appropriate statistical techniques.

Results: 18.00% of patients were diagnosed as Mixed anxiety & depression followed by depressive disorder 23.00%. Somatoform disorder and acute stress reaction adds 5% each. 3.00% diagnosed as psychosexual disorder followed by nil psychiatric diagnosis 2%, schizophrenia and organic psychosis/delirium 1% each.

Conclusion: Psychiatric co-morbidity may present in acute & chronic physical illness. The C-L psychiatry would play a major role in the management of psychiatric co-morbidity. The General medicine was the main department for referring patients.

Keywords: Psychiatry references from medical& surgical departments, Consultation Liaison Psychiatry.
INFORMATION SECURITY AS AN OBJECT OF REGULATION IN THE LAW OF UKRAINE
Authors: Sopilko Iryna
Published: August 2021

The study gives definitions of information security and related terms, such as cybersecurity, national security, and others, indicates the goals, objects, subjects of the concepts under consideration. The author also considers the features of the foundation and development of the information society in Ukraine, the components of its state information policy for ensuring information security, and identifies the key operations of activity of state bodies in the information sphere. The approaches of scientists who studied certain aspects of national and information security were analyzed, based on their work valuable conclusions were drawn and the conceptual basis of the article was formed. Independently, the definition and characteristics of external and internal threats to the information security of the country are given, methods for solving the problems arising in this connection are introduced, ways of ensuring the information security of the state are indicated. Information security in this study is considered as the central element of the national security of Ukraine, as well as a problematic issue in the field of information protection and ensuring the high-quality functioning of the information space. The author made an in-depth analysis of the existing regulatory and legal instruments for ensuring information security, pointed out their shortcomings, and gave recommendations for their further advancement. Also, recommendations are given to improve the current situation with the regulation of information security in the country, the directions of the state information policy are suggested and ways to ensure the continuity of the functioning of the information security system of Ukraine are indicated.
Un napoleónico en la araucanía, primer científico francés radicado en chile. Carlos Ambrosio Lozier, Rector del Instituto Nacional
Authors: Lozier Gotschlich Daniela , Lozier Solís Jaime
Published: August 2021

Carlos Lozier llegó a Chile en 1822 y se involucró inmediatamente en la vida educativa del país, siendo el primer director laico del Instituto Nacional y responsable de varios proyectos importantes. No obstante, la historiografía nacional, en particular la decimonónica, desmerece a menudo sus méritos y resultados. El objetivo de este artículo consiste en, a partir de fuentes francesas y chilenas, construir primero una crónica nueva de su vida que permita poner en valor su trabajo y, así, mostrar la relevancia de sus actuares y, en un segundo tiempo, explicar el porqué de esta imagen negativa o de esta ignorancia sobre el personaje. Las ciencias anexas de la historia utilizadas en este artículo como la biografía y la prosopografía permiten justamente calificar a los individuos, abordar y entender las diversas facetas mostradas por las personalidades estudiadas y, así, llegar a una comprensión distinta y renovada, aunque no siempre más positiva, lo que no ocurre con Lozier.
Los hermanos Choribit, curtidores vascos en Chillán
Authors: Çuburu-Ithorotz Beñat
Published: August 2021

La familia Choribit está estrechamente vinculada a la historia del curtido en el municipio de Hasparren, en el País Vasco francés. Se puede hablar de una verdadera dinastía, ya que ejercieron esta actividad en el pueblo en los siglos XVIII y XIX; luego, cuando llegó la crisis a finales del siglo XIX, los Choribit optaron por emigrar a Chile, donde prosperaron en su oficio durante todo el siglo XX. El éxito de este proyecto de emigración les proporcionó una riqueza financiera que les permitió vivir entre Europa y América, invirtiendo en su tierra natal y realizando frecuentes viajes a sus hogares.