bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psoriasis Characteristics for the Early Detection of Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: Belman Sophie , Walsh Jessica A. , Carroll Courtney , Milliken Michael , Haaland Benjamin , Duffin Kristina Callis , Krueger Gerald G. , Feng Bing-Jian
Published: April 2021

Objective.

Delays in the diagnosis and treatment of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are common. These delays contribute to impairments in quality of life and joint damage. This study aims to calculate the incidence rate of PsA over time and identify clinical features that may be used for PsA prediction in patients with psoriasis (PsO).

Methods.

The study population for PsA incidence analysis included 1128 participants enrolled in the Utah Psoriasis Initiative between 2002 and 2014. Clinical evaluation and medical record review were performed to identify new cases of PsA after enrollment. To identify PsO features associated with PsA, the population was restricted to 627 participants who did not have PsA before PsO phenotyping and had been followed up for subsequent PsA diagnosis. We conducted Cox proportional hazard regressions to estimate the HR of PsA associated with PsO characteristics and other health-related features.

Results.

PsA incidence rate increased for > 60 years following PsO onset (trend P < 0.0001). There was a significant association between PsA and induration severity in untreated lesions (P < 0.001, HR 1.46), history of fingernail involvement (P < 0.001, HR 2.38), pustular PsO (P < 0.001, HR 3.32), fingernail involvement at enrollment (P < 0.001, HR 2.04), and Koebner phenomenon (P < 0.001, HR 1.90). Multivariate analysis yielded a model that included a history of fingernail involvement (P < 0.001, HR 2.16) and untreated induration (P < 0.001, HR 1.41).

Conclusion.

Risk of PsA increases steadily for > 60 years following PsO onset. Patient-reported history of PsO characteristics has greater predictive power than physician-measured features at enrollment visits. The characteristics identified in this study provide guidance for screening for PsA risk in patients with PsO.
Habiter en temps de crise : utopies et dystopies du confinement
Authors: Falaix Ludovic
Published: April 2021

Le 17 mars 2020, afin d’endiguer la propagation du virus Covid-19, le gouvernement français exhorte les habitants à rester confinés chez eux. Cette redistribution des spatialités circonscrites le temps de la crise sanitaire aux frontières des murs de l’habitation soulève des questions d’ordre épistémologique. Comment les géographes peuvent-ils prendre part aux débats scientifiques pour analyser les incidences sociales, culturelles, politiques, spatiales et territoriales de cette pandémie ? Cet article envisage donc d’interroger les apports d’une géographie de l’intime définie comme une socio-anthropologie compréhensive de l’habiter. Les récits du confinement, dont les réseaux sociaux se font l’écho de manière virale, illustrent la nature des injustices spatiales quant au fait que les individus parviennent, ou pas, à élaborer leurs propres cosmogonies à huis clos. Autrement dit, à l’heure où les individus s’emploient, tant bien que mal, à domestiquer et à apprivoiser « leurs machines à habiter », c’est-à-dire leur logement, confiner la géographie consisterait à élaborer une microgéopolitique dont l’un des objectifs serait d’identifier les facteurs de ces inégalités sociospatiales qui sont parfois mises en scène dans une dialectique obscène, afin, non seulement, de les combattre mais, plus encore, de mettre un terme au mythe de la modernité fondé sur la rupture entre Homme et Milieu.
Ferenczi face à l’énigme Schreber : de l’« incident » de Palerme à la découverte de l’intropression
Authors: Guasto Gianni
Published: April 2021

Après la mort de Freud, beaucoup d’études psychanalytiques ont démontré une étroite relation entre les méthodes pédagogiques de Moritz Schreber, père de l’auteur des Mémoires d’un névropathe , et les idées délirantes de son fils, dont l’interprétation de Freud est notoire. Personne ne sait ce que Ferenczi, à l’époque de l’« incident de Palerme » (1910), aurait pu dire au sujet du cas Schreber, car Freud a refusé sa collaboration pour écrire l’essai. Après cet épisode, une longue période d’humble soumission au maître se dessinera pour Ferenczi. Cette période sera aussi accompagnée par une élaboration théorique l’amenant, à la fin de sa vie, à concevoir le mécanisme de l’intropression, qui aurait pu être employé pour comprendre la relation entre persécution réelle et introjection de l’agresseur dans la première enfance de Schreber. Dans cet article, nous effectuons une enquête suivant les intuitions scientifiques, les angoisses, et les préoccupations des protagonistes de l’événement palermitain, comparant entre eux plusieurs écrits scientifiques et épistolaires des protagonistes et de leurs collègues, et illustrant par la description d’un cas clinique une sorte de « Schreber contemporain ».
CMP et séjour mère-enfant : l’enveloppe thérapeutique à l’épreuve de l’extérieur
Authors: Nadereau Lise , Bergamaschi Julie
Published: April 2021

L’idée d’un séjour thérapeutique parents-enfants partait d’un constat de l’équipe. Certaines familles demandaient à être accompagnées dans leur parentalité. Les différentes enveloppes, qui se sont constituées durant ce séjour, ont permis aux familles de s’y sentir assez sécurisées pour en expérimenter les limites et faire émerger le contenu psychique. Les temps d’échanges et de partages, soutenus par la pluralité des regards, nous ont été précieux et ont permis de faire du lien et d’avancer dans les différentes problématiques familiales.
Le jardin d’enfants thérapeutique de Saint-Denis : histoire d’un lieu intermédiaire
Authors: Gauvrit Isabelle , Aber Leila
Published: April 2021

Cet article décrit le fonctionnement d’un dispositif de soin original, rattaché aux activités du centre médico-psychologique ( cmp) mais délocalisé au sein d’une école maternelle : lieu intermédiaire entre soin, famille et école, le jardin d’enfants thérapeutique croise trois regards et trois actions afin de procurer au jeune enfant un temps supplémentaire à sa maturation et une aide à son intégration scolaire au sein d’un petit collectif. L’organisation de séjours thérapeutiques vient compléter l’offre de soin. Une vignette clinique illustre l’ensemble.
L’autisme en période de confinement : la mobilisation des professionnels
Authors: Chamak Brigitte
Published: April 2021

La crise socio-sanitaire de covid -19 bouleverse le quotidien des populations et particulièrement celui des personnes vivant des situations de handicap. Dans le cas des enfants autistes, les familles sont confrontées à des défis importants. Afin de mieux comprendre ces situations, des témoignages de professionnels ont été recueillis mettant en évidence des difficultés particulières mais aussi des opportunités intéressantes, la découverte de solutions innovantes et de nouvelles relations avec les familles. Cependant, des situations d’urgence ont également été signalées nécessitant des hospitalisations.
Examining the Utility of the DESCARTE Model for Case Study Research
Authors: Whelan Sally , Casey Dympna
Published: April 2021

The DESCARTE model aims to guide health care researchers on the design, conduct, and reporting of case studies. The current article critically appraises the utility of the model and provides an example of its application to a multiple case study that examined the effect of MARIO, a social robot, on the resilience of people with dementia. The DESCARTE model is explained, and its strengths and the challenges encountered during its application are discussed. DESCARTE provides a structured framework that promotes quality in case study research by requiring the researcher to articulate philosophical cohesiveness, ethical considerations, reflexivity, and the strategies used during data integration and throughout data analysis. However, the model does not prompt the development of research questions or methods to promote rigor and reflexivity throughout the case study. A task list and additional guiding questions are provided to address these deficits and to improve the utility of the DESCARTE model. [
Research in Gerontological Nursing, 14
(2), 60–68.]
Weakening convergence conditions of a potential reduction method for tensor complementarity problems
Authors: Liu Xiaofei , Wang Yong
Published: April 2021

Recently, under the condition that the included tensor in the tensor complementarity problem is a diagonalizable and positive definite tensor, the convergence of a potential reduction method for tensor complementarity problems is verified in [a potential reduction method for tensor complementarity problems. Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization, 2019, 15(2): 429–443]. In this paper, we improve the convergence of this method in the sense that the condition we used is strictly weaker than the one used in the above reference. Preliminary numerical results indicate the effectiveness of the potential reduction method under the new condition.
Nuevos escenarios y desafíos para la ciencia abierta. Entre el optimismo y la incertidumbre
Authors: Fressoli Mariano , De Filippo Daniela
Published: April 2021

En este artículo ofrecemos una visión sobre los nuevos escenarios que enfrenta la ciencia abierta en un contexto marcado por desafíos micro y macro estructurales que la pandemia de COVID-19 ha puesto de manifiesto. En primer lugar, se describen las políticas en el ámbito del acceso abierto, punta de lanza de la ciencia abierta y las resistencias que todavía encuentran estas prácticas. Se analiza, también, la participación de diferentes actores en los procesos de construcción de conocimiento científico, a través de prácticas de investigación participativa y ciencia ciudadana, así como en la creciente preeminencia de los datos. Se discuten, además, las principales tensiones estructurales que aparecen en los procesos de apertura analizando la construcción de políticas públicas sobre ciencia abierta. A modo de cierre, se introduce una reflexión sobre la situación actual en la que la epidemia del coronavirus está mostrando el rol cada vez más central que las prácticas abiertas tienen y tendrán en nuestra sociedad.
Ciência cidadã em tempos de emergências: iniciativas brasileiras ante a pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Albagli Sarita , Rocha Luana
Published: April 2021

La pandemia de la COVID-19 evidencia posibilidades, límites y nuevos desafíos para la ciencia abierta. En este artículo se presentan los resultados de una investigación que tuvo como objetivo contribuir a la comprensión del papel de la ciencia ciudadana, una de las vertientes de la ciencia abierta, en el abordaje de los problemas plantados por la pandemia. Para ello, se llevó a cabo una revisión de literatura especializada y se acometió la identificación y la categorización de estas iniciativas ciudadanas en Brasil durante el periodo del brote de COVID-19. Los resultados de esta investigación muestran un aprendizaje mutuo entre los abordajes de la ciencia ciudadana y las acciones participativas para reducir los riesgos de desastres. Este aprendizaje, por un lado, fortalece el papel de la producción ciudadana de datos, información y conocimiento relevante para la prevención, resiliencia y gestión de estos riesgos; y, por otro lado, dilata el alcance de la ciencia ciudadana para afrontar situaciones de emergencia y desastre, al tiempo que refuerza el carácter situado de este enfoque.
[pt] A pandemia da COVID-19 evidencia possibilidades, limites e novos desafios à abertura da ciência. Neste artigo, apresentam-se resultados de pesquisa que objetivou contribuir para o entendimento do papel da ciência cidadã, uma das vertentes da ciência aberta, para lidar com as questões postas pela pandemia. Além de revisão da literatura, o estudo envolveu a identificação e a categorização de iniciativas cidadãs dessa natureza, no Brasil, durante o período de eclosão da COVID-19. Observa-se o aprendizado mútuo entre as abordagens da ciência cidadã e as ações participativas para redução de riscos de desastre. De um lado, fortalece o papel da produção cidadã de dados, informações e conhecimentos relevantes à prevenção, resiliência e gestão desses riscos; e, de outro, alarga o escopo da ciência cidadã para o enfrentamento de situações de emergência e desastre, ao mesmo tempo em que reforça o caráter situado dessa abordagem.
Un modelo HBIM aplicado a la lectura diacrónica de la arquitectura: la capilla de los Tocino (s. XV) de Jerez de la Frontera
Authors: Guerrero Vega José María , Pinto Puerto Francisco , Mora Vicente Gregorio
Published: April 2021

Se expone una experiencia de aplicación de modelos digitales HBIM a la intervención arqueológica y arquitectónica sobre la capilla de los Tocino de la iglesia de San Juan de los Caballeros de Jerez de la Frontera. El objeto de esta es verificar las posibilidades de una herramienta dinámica capaz de incorporar y gestionar datos y permitir visualizaciones complejas de la secuencia estratigráfica obtenida de los trabajos previos y paralelos a la intervención. De esta forma, la propia obra se entiende como una fase más, que queda asociada a las anteriores, lo que permite explicar y justificar las propias acciones de intervención. Entre las principales conclusiones, cabría destacar la formación de un modelo único que aglutina la totalidad de la información generada, abierto a la incorporación de nueva información y capaz de generar imágenes que facilitan la comprensión espacial del objeto.
Porsuk - Zeyve Höyük : Rapport préliminaire des campagnes 2018 et 2019
Authors: Barat Claire , Köker Gökçe Emine , Pichonneau Jean-François , Mathe Vivien , Bruniaux Guillaume , Storaï Romain
Published: April 2021

Durant les campagnes 2018 et 2019 à Porsuk – Zeyve Höyük, un travail d’inventaire et d’informatisation du dépôt de fouille a été entrepris, en parallèle avec un travail de numérisation des archives de fouilles. Une prospection géophysique a été menée sur tout le site et a permis la mise en lumière de structures radiales (d’époque hittite ?) et de structures linéaires (d’époques hellénistique et romaine ?). Des travaux de consolidation et de préservation des vestiges ont été menés grâce à la réalisation de briques en terre crue. Les niveaux supérieurs de la zone 5, correspondant à une zone d’habitat privé d’époques hellénistique et romaine, ont été fouillés et les céramiques mises au jour dans ces niveaux étudiées.
Toward a Teleology for the Enterprise
Authors: Kemp Neil
Published: April 2021

The emphasis within the development of the field of enterprise architecture has typically focused on the construction and design of the enterprise itself. This has ignored a primary need which is first to understand the purpose for which the enterprise is, or is to be, constructed. Purpose gives meaningful context to all the key features of the enterprise, its structure, behaviour, and measures. It is because of this requirement to understand purpose and therefore to have this context that issues of what an enterprise seeks to accomplish must first be resolved and made clear before being able meaningfully to analyse, design, plan, and determine future functions within the organisation—and thereby to implement a useful ontological view that leaves no room for misunderstanding.
Investigations on Hardness, Machinability and Electrical Conductivity of Stir Casted A356 Nanocomposites Reinforced with SiC Nanoparticles with Ultrasonic Assisted Cavitation
Authors: Donthamsetty Suneel , Babu Penugonda Suresh
Published: April 2021

The mechanical properties like hardness, machinability and electrical conductivity of nanocomposites are analysed in current work. Inferable from its good castable property, A356 has been picked as matrix material and due to proximity with reference to density; nanosilicon carbide (SiC) is chosen as reinforcement material. A novel technique “Ultrasonic assisted cavitation” is followed for the synthesis of nancomposites for uniform dispersion and better properties. By keeping the size of reinforcement as 50 nm and varying the quantity from 0.1 to 0.5 by wt%; it is perceived that the hardness & drill thrust forces are increased and electrical conductivity is decreased when equated to pure alloy.
Study on the Microstructure of Anti-Corrosion and Wear Resistant Coating on the Inner Wall of Equipment Pipeline and the Synthesis Mechanism of Ceramic Coating
Authors: Tian Hao Liang , Zhang Xiao Min , Jin Guo , Liang Yi , Wei Shi Cheng , Wang Chang Liang , Guo Meng Qiu , Du Xiu Xin
Published: April 2021

A corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating was prepared on the inner wall of copper tube by centrifugal self-propagating melting. The surface morphology, composition and phase composition of the ceramic lining FGM coating were analyzed by XRD and SEM, and the synthesis mechanism of the ceramic coating was studied. The results show that the functionally gradient coating is composed of three layers: ceramic inner layer, metal transition layer and copper substrate layer. The surface of ceramic lining is smooth and dense, which is mainly composed of Al2O3, CaF2 and a small amount of Fe Al spinel. The results show that the alumina phase is dendrite like and grows outward perpendicular to the tube wall, and the low melting point phase is evenly distributed in the dendrite gap, which effectively improves the density of the ceramic layer.
Comparison of the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti-3573 and Ti-3873 Alloys after Cold Rolling and Aging Treatment
Authors: Cai Wen Hao , Li Zhuang , Lv Kun Qi , Zhang Li
Published: April 2021

The novel titanium alloys were investigated in this article. The Ti-3573 and Ti-3873 titanium alloys were cold rolled and aged for different times at 650°C. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the samples were observed and measured, respectively. The results show that the mechanical properties of Ti-3873 alloys were better than those of Ti-3573 alloys. The cold rolling accelerated the α phase precipitation effectively. Stress-induced martensitic transformation was observed in both titanium alloys after cold rolling and aging treatment. Better aging strengthening effect can be obtained for the Ti-3873 titanium alloy which contains more molybdenum element, it is attributed to the role of Mo as β phase stable elemen. The tensile strength of Ti-3873 titanium alloy after aging for 3h reached the maximum value (1314MPa).
Low Intake of Essential Amino Acids and Other Risk Factors of Stunting among Under-Five Children in Malang City, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Rizky Maulidiana Annisa , Sutjiati Endang
Published: April 2021

Background

The lack of energy-protein intake has been shown to increase the risk of stunting in under-five children. The quality of protein in food is assessed by the completeness of amino acid content. This study aims to determine the amount of essential amino acid (EAAs) intake and other risk factors of stunting among under-five children.

Design and methods

A descriptive, case-control study was performed in the work area of Kedungkandang Health Center Malang. The subjects were 24–59-month-old children with a total of 23 stunted (height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) <-2 SD) and 57 normal children (HAZ ≥-2 SD). Furthermore, the data were collected using anthropometric measurement, validated and pre-tested questionnaires, which were analyzed using multiple logistic regression.

Results

The intake of all the nine EAAs in stunted children was lower than that of non-stunted children. However, only histidine, isoleucine, and methionine were significantly different (p<0.05). The significant risk factors of stunting include a family income per month fewer than the Regional Minimum Wages [OR=12.06, 95% CI 1.83-79.53], being underweight [OR=7.11, 95% CI 1.49-33.93], breastfeeding of less than 6 months [OR=5.34, 95% CI 1.28-22.20], and the lack of EAA methionine intake [OR=0.14, 95% CI 0.03-0.67].

Conclusions

Stunted children may not receive sufficient dietary intake of EAAs in their diet. Furthermore, the lack of EAAs intake, especially methionine, alongside low family income, underweight, lack of breastfeeding and variety in food consumption were the risk factors of stunting among under-five children in a selected Health Center in Malang City, Indonesia.
Correlation between the Burden of Family Caregivers and Health Status of People with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Kristaningrum Niko Dima , Ramadhani Dian Azizah , Hayati Yati Sri , Setyoadi
Published: April 2021

Background

Family caregivers play an important role in providing long-term care for people with diabetes mellitus because it is a chronic disease that requires critical attention. This increases the burden of family caregivers which affects the health status of people with this disease. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the correlation between the burden of family caregivers and the health status of people with diabetes mellitus.

Design and methods

This is an analytic observational study which was carried out in the work area of public health centers in Malang City using a cross-sectional design approach. The subjects used were 327 people with diabetes mellitus and their families were selected using the cluster sampling technique. Data collection was carried out using demographic data instruments, Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) questionnaire to measure the burden of family caregivers and the SF 12 questionnaire to measure the health status of people with diabetes mellitus.

Results

The results of the Spermank-Rank statistical test showed that there was a negative relationship between the burden of family caregivers and the health status of people with diabetes mellitus (p-value 0.000 and coefficient value of -0.333).

Conclusions

It was concluded that the lesser the burden on family caregivers, the better the health status of people with diabetes mellitus. Therefore, interventions are needed to reduce the burden of family caregiver and improve the health status of patients with diabetes mellitus.
The Time Pattern of Selenomethionine Administration in Preventing Free Radicals Due to Exposure to Electric Cigarette Smoke
Authors: Suryadinata Rivan Virlando , Wirjatmadi Bambang , Lorensia Amelia
Published: April 2021

Background

Most people believe that electric cigarettes have no negative effect on health, which causes them to use it more. However, exposure to the smoke from these cigarettes is bad for the health and causes cell damage. Antioxidants play an important role in preventing cell damage, and they can be obtained through the oral administration of selenomethionine.

Design and methods

This study used an experimental method and a post-test control group design. Male Wistar rats, which were exposed to cigarette smoke were given selenomethionine orally and then tested for the presence of free radicals. The measurement of lung tissue damage was conducted by assessing the level of malondialdehyde in the blood and immunohistochemistry (IHC) of the lung tissue.

Result

The study showed that differences in the time of administration of selenomethionine affect the levels of malondialdehyde in the blood and expression of malondialdehyde in the lung tissue (p<0.05). Consequently, the two groups showed a strong (r=0.861) and significant (p=0.000) relationship with each other.

Conclusion

The early application of selenomethionine can prevent increased levels of malondialdehyde in the blood and lung tissue due to exposure to e-cigarette smoke.
Factors Affecting the Ability to Speak in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Maemonah Siti , Hamidah  , Notobroto Hari Basuki , Sulystiono Dony , Widarti Luluk
Published: April 2021

Background

Communication deficit is one of the characteristics of autism spectrum disorder. Some children with this condition cannot communicate verbally and some have very limited speech skills. This study aims to analyze the factors that affect speaking ability in children with autism, namely age, sex, emotions, attention, and memory.

Design and methods

This study used a correlational analytical design with a retrospective cohort design. Data were obtained using questionnaires and scales. Furthermore, emotional factors, attention, memory, and age were analyzed for their effects on speaking ability using the Pearson test, while sex was analyzed for their effects on speaking ability using the Eta test.

Results

The results showed that there was a significant effect of attention and age on the speaking ability of children with autism spectrum disorders. Furthermore, it showed that there was a significant effect of emotion on attention.

Conclusions

It was concluded that attention and age affect the speaking ability of children with autism spectrum disorder. Meanwhile, attention in affecting speaking ability is influenced by emotions. Therefore, to improve speaking ability, good emotional management and increased attention is required.
Effectiveness of Diabetes Self-Management Education (Dsme) in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2Dm) Patients: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Ernawati Ucik , Wihastuti Titin Andri , Utami Yulian Wiji
Published: April 2021

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by high glucose levels (hyperglycemia) due to metabolic disorders that prevent patients from producing sufficient amounts of insulin. This research aims to test the effectiveness of implementing diabetes self-management education in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. The search for relevant articles was carried out through Google Scholar, PubMed, ProQuest, and Science Direct using the keywords diabetes mellitus, management education, self-care, diabetes self-management education, DSME, T2DM. The articles were then selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Furthermore, the data were extracted, grouped, and concluded. Based on 15 articles, diabetes self-management education intervention provides significant effectiveness to lifestyle changes and the self-care of T2DM patients. In conclusion, diabetes self-management education intervention has been shown to be effective in dealing with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, DSME has a positive effect on lifestyle changes and the self-care of T2DM patients.
The contribution of patients’ lung function to the inspiratory airflow rate achievable through a DPIs’ simulator reproducing different intrinsic resistance rates
Authors: Dal Negro Roberto  W. , Turco Paola , Povero Massimiliano
Published: April 2021

Background: The performance of DPIs depends on several physiological (patient-dependent) and technological (device-dependent) factors. The inspiratory airflow rate is the only active force generated and operating in the system for inducing the required pressure drop and eliciting the resistance-induced turbulence needed to disaggregate the powder through the device. The present study aimed to investigate in the most prevalent respiratory disorders whether and at what extent the inspiratory airflow rate achievable when inhaling through a DPIs’ simulator reproducing different intrinsic resistance regimens (low, mid, and high resistance) is affected by peculiar changes in lung function and/or can be predicted by any specific lung function parameter.Methods: The inspiratory airflow rate was assessed in randomized order by the In-Check DIAL G16 at low, mid, and high resistance regimens in a sample of consecutive subjects at recruitment. Independent predictors of the probability to achieve the expected inhalation airflow rate were investigated by means of a multivariate logistic regression model, specific to the disease.Results: A total of 114 subjects were recruited (asthmatics n=30; COPD n=50, restrictive patients n=16, and normal subjects n=18). The mean values of the expected inspiratory airflow rate achieved proved significantly different within the groups (p<0.0001), independently of sex and age. In asthmatics and in COPD patients, the mid-resistance regimen proved highly associated with the highest mean values of airflow rates obtained. Low- and high-resistance regimens were significantly less likely to consent to achieve the expected level of inspiratory airflow rate (OR<1 in all comparisons). Restrictive patients performed the lowest airflow rates at the low-resistance regimen (p<0.01). Unlike FEV1, RV in asthmatics (OR=1.008); RV and IRaw in COPD (OR=0.587 and OR=0.901, respectively), and FIF and TLC in restrictive patients (OR=1.041, and OR=0.962, respectively) proved the only sensitive predictors of the inspiratory airflow rate achievable at the different resistive regimens.Conclusions: The intrinsic resistive regimen of DPIs can play a critical role.  The patients’ lung function profile also affects the extent of their inhalation airflow rate. Some specific lung function parameters (such as: FIF; RV; IRaw; TLC, but not FEV1) may be regarded as specific predictors in real-life. In order to optimize the DPI choice, further to the device’s technology, also the current patients’ lung function should be properly investigated and carefully assessed.
Free research contributions during pandemic period: research is still alive
Authors: Salcuni Silvia , Lingiardi Vittorio
Published: April 2021

Not available
Altered Functional and Structural Measures in Masters Swimmers With Shoulder Pain and Disability
Authors: Thomas Stephen J. , Blubello Anthony , Peterson Alyssa , Blum David , Sarver Joseph J. , Cobb Justin , Tate Angela R.
Published: April 2021

Context

Supraspinatus tendinopathy and shoulder pain are common in competitive youth swimmers. However, no researchers have investigated clinical and structural factors contributing to shoulder pain and disability in masters-level swimmers.

Objective

To (1) determine the prevalence of shoulder pain and disability in masters-level swimmers; (2) identify the most provocative special tests for shoulder pain; and (3) determine if shoulder clinical and tissue-specific measures, training variables, and volume varied between those with and those without shoulder pain, dissatisfaction, and disability.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Collegiate swimming facilities.

Patients or Other Participants

Thirty-nine adult masters-level swimmers.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Demographics, training, and pain and disability ratings using the Penn Shoulder Score and Disability of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand sports module were surveyed. Swimmers underwent a clinical examination that consisted of passive range of shoulder motion, posterior shoulder endurance test, and supraspinatus tendon structure and posterior capsule thickness. One-way analyses of variance were used to compare demographic, clinical, and structural findings between those with significant (positive) pain, dissatisfaction, and disability (+PDD) and those without (negative) pain, dissatisfaction, and disability (−PDD).

Results

Pain was reported by 15% of participants at rest, 28% with normal activities (eating, dressing), and 69% with strenuous activities (sports); 50% reported disability. The +PDD group had less shoulder internal rotation (10°) and less external rotation (8°) and completed less yardage per day and per year. Differences were noted in supraspinatus tendon structure between the +PDD and −PDD groups.

Conclusions

Masters swimmers with pain and disability were able to self-limit yardage, which was likely the reason they recorded less yardage. The reduced shoulder motion (internal and external rotation) without posterior capsule differences may be due to rotator cuff muscle and tendon restrictions; the supraspinatus tendon structure may reflect degeneration caused by previous overuse that resulted in pain.
Racial and Ethnic Diversity of Athletic Trainers in National Collegiate Athletic Association Institutions, 2008–2018: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Rizzone Katherine H. , Day Carly , Mackenzie Sophie , Issac Lailah , Sanchez Ashley , Jones Courtney Marie Cora
Published: April 2021

Context

Athletic trainers (ATs) are the most visible members of the sports medicine team and are responsible for the health and well-being of student-athletes. However, the representation of Black, Indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) ATs in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) member institutions has not been studied.

Objective

To quantify the representation of BIPOC ATs in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) member institutions.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

National Collegiate Athletic Association's Demographic Database.

Patients or Other Participants

Team athletic personnel at NCAA member institutions.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Chi-square tests were used to assess differences in racial and ethnic frequencies across division, calendar year, and gender. Linear regression models were calculated to examine changes in racial and ethnic distributions of head and assistant ATs over time.

Results

Most NCAA ATs were categorized as White (88%), which was reflected in both head (90.8%) and assistant (87.2%) AT positions. Black ATs made up the largest proportion of a specific racial or ethnicity group within BIPOC ATs (3.4% of head ATs, 4.6% of assistant ATs), with the next most prevalent being Hispanic (2.8% of head ATs, 3.9% of assistant ATs). Historically Black Colleges and Universities showed higher proportions of BIPOC ATs in both the head and assistant categories than non-historically Black institutions. Division I schools had the greatest AT racial or ethnicity diversity in comparison with Divisions II and III (P < .0001). In our linear regression models, we found increases in many of the racial or ethnic categories for both head and assistant ATs.

Conclusions

We demonstrated that BIPOC ATs represented a small proportion of the ATs currently working at NCAA member institutions. Although BIPOC ATs have increased over the past 10 years, a large racial and ethnic discordance gap still exists between student-athletes and the ATs caring for them.
Aspirin Enhances the Protective Effect of Progesterone on Trophoblast Cell from Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis
Authors: Shi Jia-Wei , Yang Hui-Li , Lai Zhen-Zhen , Shen Hui-Hui , Ruan Lu-Yu , Wang Yan , Qiu Xue-Min , Xie Feng , Li Ming-Qing
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objective:

Clinically, low-dose aspirin and progesterone are frequently used to prevent pregnancy loss. We investigated the effect of these drugs on the biological behavior of human extravillous trophoblasts in vitro.

Methods:

HTR-8/SVneo cells were cultured in vitro and treated with different concentrations of aspirin and progesterone. The proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis of HTR-8/SVneo cells were assessed using a cell counting Kit-8 assay, Matrigel Transwell assay, and Hoechst staining, respectively. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was used to verify the expression of related genes. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were detected using the 2,7-dichlorofluorescin diacetate assay.

Results:

Low-dose aspirin alone, progesterone alone, or aspirin plus progesterone upregulated the proliferation and invasion and decreased the apoptosis of HTR-8/SVneo cells. Moreover, the expression of marker of proliferation Ki-67 (MKI67), matrix metalloproteinases 2 (MMP2), and MMP9 was increased. In addition, low-dose aspirin plus progesterone exerted stronger anti-apoptosis effects than low-dose aspirin and progesterone alone. Interestingly, aspirin upregulated the expression of progesterone receptor (PGR). Treatment with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) promoted ROS production in HTR-8/SVneo cells; however, low-dose aspirin plus progesterone significantly restricted H2O2-mediated ROS production and apoptosis in HTR-8/SVneo cells.

Conclusions:

These data suggest that low-dose aspirin and progesterone promote proliferation and invasion and cooperatively reduce oxidative stress and apoptosis in trophoblasts in vitro. These results may provide an experimental basis for the combined application of aspirin and progesterone to prevent unexplained recurrent spontaneous miscarriage, especially in patients with trophoblast dysfunction.
Randomized Control Trial to Assess the Efficacy of Superoxide Solution on Wound Healing
Authors: George Ajith John , Thomas Cecil T , Samuel Vasanth Mark , Gaikwad Pranay , Sharma Srujan Lam , Lazarus Emmanuel , Samuel Vimalin
Published: April 2021

Introduction:

Chronic wounds are the bane of any healthy population, with widespread economic and mental repercussions. Various techniques have been described to improve wound healing which includes the debridement of unhealthy tissue, saline, sodium hypochlorite (Daikin's) solution dressings. Newer techniques described include silver-based solutions and superoxide gel solutions.

Methods:

The study was a double-blinded randomized control trial. Randomization was done on the same limb of each donor site. The sample size was 16 in each arm. All patients undergoing STSG were randomized into two groups, one receiving the superoxide gel solution to one random half of the wound and the other group receiving only regular dressings. The donor site was analyzed on Day 5, 7, and 9. The assessor was blinded from the solution used. The difference in the rate of healing, with time to epithelialization and granulation, was assessed.

Results:

The mean time to epithelialization in the superoxide gel group was 6.75 days and in the non-gel group was 8.35 days. The mean difference was 1.60 days, which was statistically significant. The mean time to granulation in the superoxide gel group was 5.89 days and in the non-gel group was 6.60 days. The mean difference was 0.71 days, which was not statistically significant. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.699.

Conclusion:

There was a significant and faster rate of epithelialization in the superoxide gel group. A superoxide gel solution is a cheaper method to improve the rate of healing.
Management of Deep-Vein Thrombosis in Pregnancy
Authors: Patnaik Nabnita , Pradhan Nihar Ranjan
Published: April 2021

Introduction:

Pregnancy and puerperium are well-established risk factors for deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), which are collectively referred to as venous thromboembolism (VTE).

Objectives:

Treatment of VTE in pregnant patients is unique in several ways. A subset of pregnant patients requires anticoagulation during pregnancy and/or in the postpartum period, including women at high risk of DVT and some women with fetal loss.

Materials and Methods:

It was a retrospective study of all DVT patients with pregnancy, referred to the vascular surgery department of a tertiary care hospital from December 2015 to November 2019.

Results:

A total of 56 DVT patients with pregnancy were admitted in the vascular surgery department during the above period. Sixteen of them had a past history of DVT in previous pregnancy. Thirty-two patients presented in the first trimester, 14 in the second trimester, and 10 in the third trimester of pregnancy. Eight of them had associated PE and managed with intensive care unit care. All patients were managed with long-term anticoagulant with low-molecular-weight heparin.

Conclusion:

Use of anticoagulants during pregnancy is challenging due to the potential teratogenic effects and dosing complexities of the various agents and the management of anticoagulation during the time of labor. The need for thromboprophylaxis should be assessed antepartum, postpartum, and at any time the patient transitions from the outpatient to the inpatient setting. When it is determined that thromboprophylaxis is warranted, an appropriate strategy should be selected and prescribed.
Outcomes of Infrapopliteal Angioplasty in Advanced Diabetic Ischemic Foot Ulcers
Authors: Sebastian Jithin Jagan , Ayyappan MK , Rajendra Naveen , Mathur Kapil , Kumar Arun , Reddy Athirath , Raju Radhakrishnan
Published: April 2021

Aims:

Diabetic patients in India present late in advanced stages of tissue loss and isolated occlusive infrapopliteal disease. We aim to determine the outcomes of angioplasty in these patients with SINBAD score >3 and infrapopliteal disease presenting with critical limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) and tissue loss.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective, observational, single-center study was carried out of diabetic patients with infrapopliteal occlusive disease who underwent angioplasty for CLTI and tissue loss. Transatlantic society consensus (TASC) - classification was used for staging. Ischemia and Peripheral Artery Calcium Scoring was used to assess peripheral calcium. The patients were followed up till their ulcer healed and then every six months.

Results:

A total of 73 diabetic patients underwent angioplasty for CLTI. 21.8% (16/73) all-cause mortality was seen during the study. The average age was 68.9 years with 78.9% males. The average time to presentation was 55 days. 61.3% of patients had TASC C or D lesions. Technical success was achieved in 94.5% of patients. 27.4% of patients underwent angioplasty of multiple tibial vessels. The mean duration of follow-up was 2 years. 62.5% of patients had their ulcers completely heal in 6 months. Six patients went on to have major amputation. The amputation-free period was 500 days in this patient group. Ulcer healing was found to be dependent on successful revascularization.

Conclusion:

Mortality is seen in 1 in 10 and morbidity in 1 in 5 patients. It is difficult to accurately prognosticate healing in these patients. Successful revascularization is the only factor affecting healing in these patients.
Parkes–Weber Syndrome
Authors: Al Kindi Ibrahim , Stephen Edwin , Abdelhady Ibrahim , Al-Mawaali Hanan , Al Sukaiti Rashid , Al-Wahaibi Khalifa
Published: April 2021

We present three cases that were seen at our tertiary care hospital in Oman over the past 18 months. The paucity of knowledge of Parkes–Weber syndrome had these three patients visit several centers nationally and internationally. Through this case series, the reader will be better informed about the presentation, diagnosis, and management of a not so uncommon disorder.
Central retinal vein occlusion caused by anomalous prepapillary venous loop
Authors: Tekade Pradeep Gajanan , Ravishankar H. N. , Sagar Pradeep
Published: April 2021

We present a case of prepapillary venous loop complicated by central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). A 56-year-old female reported to us with blurring of vision in the right eye, noticed 8 days ago. Fundus examination in the right eye showed multiple superficial retinal hemorrhages in all the four quadrants with dilated veins and cystoid macular edema, suggestive of CRVO. Prepapillary venous loops were seen in both the eyes. In our case, both the eyes had an abnormal venous anatomy at the disc. On fundus fluorescein angiography, only the looped segment showed laminar flow in late phase in both the eyes. Hence, patients with an abnormal retinal venous anatomy should be treated with caution as they are considered to be at a high risk of retinal vein occlusion.
Radiological, histopathological, and immunohistochemical characterization of solitary fibrous tumor of the lacrimal sac
Authors: Kumar Prakash , Kumar Sanjeev , Chandra Rashmi , Kumar Rajendra
Published: April 2021

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a benign spindle cell neoplasm of mesenchymal fibroblast cells. It can appear in various locations, but SFT of the lacrimal sac is rare. Due to their variable clinical, histological, and radiological presentation, it can be easily misdiagnosed. We report a rare case of SFT of the lacrimal sac with its radiological, histological, and immunochemical characterization.
Study of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its correlation with glycemic control
Authors: Menezes Valerie , Usgaonkar Ugam P. S. , Nagvenkar Akshaya
Published: April 2021

Context:

The retina of diabetic patients undergoes neurodegenerative changes, in addition to the vascular changes. Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients compared to healthy controls, using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and to correlate it with glycemic control.

Settings and Design:

Prospective study.

Subjects and Methods:

A total of 90 patients were enrolled in the study. The study group included 120 eyes of 60 type 2 DM patients. Sixty eyes of 30 healthy participants served as the control group. All patients underwent an OCT scan for peripapillary RNFL thickness measurement. Metabolic control of DM was assessed using glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Statistical Analysis Used: Independent sample t-test was used for normally distributed variables. Pearson's correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between HbA1c and RNFL thickness.

Results:

Right eye RNFL thickness was thinner in diabetic patients than controls, with a statistically significant P value (P = 0.002) in the superior quadrant and inferior quadrant (P = 0.019). The average, superior, and inferior RNFL thickness in the left eye was significantly thinner in diabetic patients as compared to controls (P < 0.001, P = 0.001, and P < 0.001 respectively). No significant correlation was found between HbA1c and RNFL thickness.

Conclusions:

The peripapillary RNFL is thinner in diabetic patients as compared to controls. This is the first study of its kind, among diabetic patients in Goa, which makes this study unique.
Effect of high myopia on macular thickness
Authors: Choudhary Arathi , Venkatesh Raksha Halmuthur , Jayashree M. P. , Surendrappa Hamsa Dyamenahalli , Divya R. , Darshini L. M.
Published: April 2021

Aim:

The aim is to study the correlation of high myopia with macular thickness by optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Design:

Case control study.

Subjects and Methods:

Sixty patients visiting outpatient department, Department of Ophthalmology of a tertiary care hospital, were enrolled in the study. The macular thickness of 30 high myopes and 30 emmetropes was measured using OCT. All high myopes had a spherical equivalent of ≥-6.0 Diopters (D) and intraocular pressure <21 mmHg. All the participants were chosen after excluding other ophthalmic diseases or any history of ocular or refractive surgery.

Statistical Analysis:

Variables are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 20. Unpaired and Paired t-test were used. P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

The para and perifoveal retinal thickness were significantly thin in high myopic eyes as compared to emmetropic eyes. The central foveal thickness was 298.93 ± 38.813 μm in high myopes and 224.63 ± 16.439 μm in emmetropes, which was statistically significant P < 0.001.

Conclusion:

The macular thickness was significantly decreased in myopic eyes compared to emmetropic eyes. However, the central foveal thickness was significantly high in high myopes. Therefore, the analysis of macular thickness in the evaluation of macular diseases or glaucoma should be considered based on refractive errors and the location of measurement.
Contact Tracing in COVID-19
Authors: Shrivastava Saurabh RamBihariLal , Shrivastava Prateek Saurabh
Published: April 2021

The Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to rise in terms of its geographical distribution, the number of people infected and the number of people losing their lives due to the resulting complications. Contact tracing is an effective strategy to identify, assess and manage people with a positive history of exposure to a confirmed case, so that we succeed in interrupting the transmission chain and further transmission of infection. It is essential to follow-up the contacts for a period of 2 weeks from the last date of exposure, but the successful implementation of this strategy will depend upon the support of the general population, planning of the entire process after considering the local contexts, trained and adequate number of workforce, logistics, and a supportive mechanism to collect, compile and analyze the data in real-time. In conclusion, the component of contact tracing is a crucial link in interrupting the chain of transmission of the COVID-19. It is the responsibility of the public health authorities and members of the community to work in close collaboration to identify the contacts at the earliest and quarantine them with an aim to prevent onward transmission.