bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular genotyping of Escherichia coli o111 isolated from children with diarrhea in rural and urban areas
Authors: Otero-García Alexis , Pérez-Vargas Ana Karen , Eslava-Campos Carlos , Licona-Moreno Delia , León Luis Antonio , Pérez-Soto Gabriel , Cravioto Alejandro , Navarro Armando
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is a group of bacteria associated with infantile diarrhea. EPEC is defined as being typical (tEPEC) or atypical (aEPEC) depending on whether it presents the EPEC adherence factor (EAF) plasmid or not; tEPEC presents EAF. Objective. Carry out a retrospective study of E. coli strains isolated from children with diarrhea in both rural and urban areas to determine if they belong to tEPEC or aEPEC groups. Material & Methods: Strains that had been reported to be E. coli were analyzed by PCR using specific primers and 188 anti-O sera and 53 anti-H sera. The presence of eae, bfp, eafA, perA, espC and espP genes associated with virulence was analyzed, as was the presence of arpA, chuA, yjaA and TspE4 to define phylogroups. Results: Fifty-three cultures of E. coli isolated between 1985 and 2003 from 35 children under five years of age with severe diarrhea were analyzed. Twelve (34.3%) children came from a rural area and 23 (65.7%) from an urban area. Serologic typing identified the following serotypes: O111ab:NM (67.9%), O111ab:H2 (20.8%), O111ab:H12 (9.4%) and O111ac:H8 (1.9%). The presence of eae was positive in all 53 strains, while bfp and perA was detected in 38 (71.7%) strains and eaf in 35 (66%) strains. The combination of eae/bfp used to determine typical strains was positive in 38 (71.7%) strains and negative in 15 (28.3%) strains. Analysis by year and region showed that between 1985 and 1987, 35 (66%) strains were typical and 4 (7%) atypical in the rural area and urban area1. The same analysis between 1994 and 2003 in the urban areas showed that 11 (20.8%) strains were atypical, which were eae positive but eaf/bfp/perA negative, and 3 (5.7%) strains were typical. Phylogenetic grouping identified B1 and A in 38 (71.7%) and 9 (17%) strains respectively, and 2 (3.8%) each of B2, D and F. Conclusion. Typical EPEC strains were more prevalent in both the rural and urban areas between 1985 and 1987. In contrast, the presence of atypical EPEC strains was more prevalent in urban areas in more recent years. Analysis showed that the strains fell predominantly into commensal phylogroups.
Terrorismo en Egipto: Análisis de la narrativa del terrorismo posterior a la primavera árabe
Authors: Ynez Zaneta
Published: December 2022

Desde el comienzo de la Primavera Árabe, Oriente Medio ha sido testigo de la escalada de los actos de terrorismo. Egipto incluso entró en la zona de emergencia del terrorismo tras la caída de Muhammad Mursi de la presidencia. Varios grupos terroristas surgieron en Egipto, entre ellos se encuentra Anshar Bayt Al Maqdis, quien luego se unió a ISIS y rebautizó a Wilayat Sinai. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la transformación de los grupos terroristas utilizando la teoría instrumental y organizacional. Los hallazgos de esta investigación son que el grupo ABM es una transformación de grupos terroristas preexistentes. Desarrolla la organización a través de la entrega de beneficios, afiliaciones, competencia, reclutamiento de miembros que utilizan la doctrina religiosa y aprovechan las condiciones económicas y políticas de la región del Sinaí.
Didactics of Education Digitalization: the Aspect of Cadets’ Patriotic Education
Authors: Maron Arkadiy
Published: December 2022

Progressive technologies open up limitless possibilities of using digital resources, the use of adaptive mechanisms and digital environments, contribute to the expansion of the space for creativity, promote the development of interest in the process of patriotic education. Fostering sustainable patriotism among cadets is an important task facing the teaching staff of the cadet military corps. The purpose of this article is to study the peculiarities of the organization of patriotic activities by teachers in the digital environment. The urgency of the problem of digitalization of the process of patriotic education in the cadet military corps is due to the need for teachers to ensure its effectiveness in accordance with the needs of modern society. The article substantiates the importance of teachers' readiness for the transformation of patriotic activities and their mastery of digital competence. Access to various information and communication materials allows teachers not only to select the necessary ones, but also to make changes to them, to develop their own digital resources to improve the effectiveness of solving specific patriotic tasks. This paper analyzes the important factors that teachers need to take into account in the conditions of digitalization of patriotic education of cadets.
Strategies of Educational Support for Providing Comprehensive Assistance to Elderly Citizens
Authors: Tarasov Sergey
Published: December 2022

This article deals with the problem of implementing educational support for the provision of comprehensive medical and social assistance to elderly citizens. The approaches of the UN structures (WHO and UNESCO) to the use of educational technologies as assistive ones for supporting people of older age groups are presented. The need for their adaptation to the conditions of modern Russia is substantiated. The features of the organization of the system of state assistance to the elderly, which impede the implementation of outreach and educational projects, are highlighted. The conditions of the development and implementation of educational technologies in the system of comprehensive medical and social care for the elderly are formulated. The involvement of an educational university as a system integrator in the process of using educational technologies is substantiated. The basic directions of work and the possibilities of using its scientific and pedagogical potential are determined.
Russian as a Foreign Language in Iran During the Pandemic: Problems and Benefits
Authors: Siyami Eidlak Kнalida
Published: December 2022

This study provides a brief overview of the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the process of teaching Russian as a foreign language in higher education institutions in Iran. The purpose of the study is to identify and characterize the problems and advantages of teaching Russian as a foreign language in Iran, carried out in the format of distance education. The article clarified the concept of "distance learning" and separated it from the "online learning" format. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the presentation of the identified problems and benefits of teaching Russian as a foreign language on the basis of Iranian universities, which can be taken into account by teachers in the teaching process during the transition to a standard teaching format after the end of the pandemic. As a result of the study, a number of measures were proposed to organize an effective process of teaching Russian as a foreign language in Iran in the context of a pandemic, and along with the problems, the advantages of this type of learning were also presented.
Did the ‘Quiet Revolution’ Really Change Anything?
Authors: Geloso Vincent , S. Reilly Chandler
Published: December 2022

The year 1960 is often presented as a break year in the economic history of Quebec and Canada. It is used to mark the beginning of the “Quiet Revolution” during which Canada’s French-speaking province of Quebec under rapid socio-economic change in the form of rapid economic convergence with the rest of Canada and the emergence of a more expansive state. Using synthetic control methods, we analyze whether 1960 is associated with a departure from previous developments. With regards to GDP per capita, GDP per worker, household-size adjusted income, life expectancy at birth, and enrollment rates in primary and secondary schools, we find that 1960 was not an important date. For most of these measures, the counterfactual scenario is slightly better than the actual data but not by significant margins. Only with respect to the size of government do we find sign of a break.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A SECURE QR PAYMENT SYSTEM
Authors: Geetha Dr.V
Published: December 2022

It is used to describe the design and implementation of a secure payment system based on QR codes. These QR codes have been extensively used in recent years since they speed up the payment process and provide users with ultimate convenience. However, as convenient as they may sound, QR-based online payment systems are vulnerable to different types of attacks. Therefore, transaction processing needs to be secure enough to protect the integrity and confidentiality of every payment process. Moreover, the online payment system must provide authenticity for both the sender and receiver of each transaction. In this paper, the security of the proposed QR-based system is provided using visual cryptography. The proposed system consists of a web application that implements visual cryptography. The application provides a simple and user-friendly interface for users to share links through QR Code. Keywords— Cryptography, decrypt, encrypt, QR Code, Visualization
QUALITY ANALYSIS OF BAKERY PRODUCTS USING THE SIX SIGMA METHOD AND FAILURE MODE AND EFFECT ANALYSIS (FMEA) CASE STUDY ON CV. XYZ
Authors: Primahesa Ibad Guntur , Ngatilah Yustina
Published: December 2022

CV. XYZ is a bakery production company which also contributes as a part of culinary industry. During producing, CV. XYZ faces problem regarding the high percentage of its defective products which namely blueberry blankon bread, banana chocolate bread, and coffee bread. This research aims to find out the value of DPMO and determining the value of Sigma for product quality by using Six Sigma method. Six sigma method was used since its able to control the number of defective products, find out the product defects by using Sigma value, improve product defects, and provide recommendations for improving the quality of product by using FMEA method on those three products. The result shows that DPMO value for Coffee Bread is 17,757 along with sigma value of 3,61. The DPMO value for blueberry blankon bread is 18,048 with sigma value of 3.60. Lastly, the DPMO value of chocolate banana bread is 17.644 with sigma value of 3.61. Thus, it is necessary to analyze the causes of quality defects and recommend solutions in order to improve the quality of products. Defects on product/s are caused by four factors which particularly human, material, method and machine. Hence, there are three ideas of proposed improvement on defect products based on FMEA.
STUDY OF DRAINAGE, PANORAMIC HOUSING, CEMENGKALANG VILLAGE, SIDOARJO DISTRICT
Authors: Ismanto Ikko Bagus , Nugroho Laksono Djoko , Oetomo Wateno
Published: December 2022

Panorama Residence housing which has an area of 8000 m2 is located in a plain area with a slope of about 0-1%. The survey results on the Panorama Residence Housing, Cemengkalang Village, Sidoarjo District, have an elevation of -0.20 m, slightly above the flood level – 0.30 m. This area has a high probability of flooding due to overflow from the Pucang River, which runs off (run-off water) from other areas if it rains with high intensity. Moreover, the Panorama Residence area is a dense residential area with roads and parking lots, so rainwater has a smaller chance of infiltrating and running off. After analysis, The flood discharge at the 25-year return period on the Pucang River was 72,561 m3/sec. At the same time, the cross-sectional capacity of the Pucang River was 64,402 m3/sec, so the cross-section of the Pucang River at the Panorama Residence Housing location experienced overflow. The run-off volume is 102.6 m3, while the total capacity is 565.68 m3, so the extended storage capacity is quite adequate. In rainy conditions, t = 30 minutes, the run-off volume that occurs = 30.96 m3, and the total channel length = 493.12 m, the total drainage channel capacity = 184.92 m3 is greater than the run-off volume, 30.96 m3.
DRAINAGE STUDY OF WAREHOUSE DEVELOPMENT PT. ANEKA INDUSTRI, SIDOARJO DISTRICT
Authors: Ismanto Ikko Bagus , Nugroho Laksono Djoko , Oetomo Wateno
Published: December 2022

The PT. Aneka Industri warehouse is located on a level with a slope of approximately 0-1%. Survey results from PT. Aneka Industri Warehouse in Tambaksawah Village, Waru District, Sidoarjo Regency, showed a height of -0.20m, slightly above the flood level of -0.10m. The area is likely to flood due to the overflow of Afvoer Bunung, which flows out from other areas (runoff water) during heavy rains. In addition, the storage area is a dense industrial area, and the chance of rainwater infiltration and loss is small. According to the analysis, the flood discharge of Afvoer Buntung during the 25-year return period is 193,305 m3/s. Meanwhile, the cross-sectional capacity of Afvoer Buntung is 25.707 m3/s, so the cross-section of Afvoer Buntung at the storage site of PT. Aneka Industri is flooded. It rains for t = 30 minutes, total volume = 297.57 m3.
Functions, Role, Development, and Sustainability of MSMEs in the Context of Entrepreneurial Development
Authors: Rudresh Mr.
Published: December 2022

Micro, small, and medium-sized businesses (MSME's) have unquestionably become a significant and dynamic sector of the Indian economy. In addition, this industry is extremely crucial to India's economic growth because it employs more people than the agriculture industry. The industry also generates one-third of all export earnings, accounts for around 8% of GDP, and aids in a number of other goals, like promoting exports, increasing employment output, encouraging entrepreneurship chances, etc. The main benefit and function of this sector is the possibility of low-cost employment. MSME's sector does, however, face a number of difficulties, such as high raw material costs, collateral requirements, rising fuel prices, competition from both domestic and foreign markets, a lack of credit facilities from financial institutions, etc. Every day, 79 MSMEs fall ill due to financial issues; although the government has taken numerous measures to help this sector, the issue still exists. Without unemployment growth and environmental concerns, India may not be able to fulfill its sustainable development target. MSMEs are a crucial component of maintaining sustainable development since they increase economic growth, create jobs, combat poverty, and lessen inequality. Sustainable development is possible through inclusive growth that upholds prosperity and human dignity. The study's goal is to evaluate MSMEs' performance and their contribution to India's continued sustainable growth. The survey also emphasizes MSMEs' usage of sustainable practices. The current article looks into MSME performance metrics, their potential economic impact, and other initiatives different parties have done to support MSME development in India
A case of the long time presence of a foreign body in esophagus in an infant
Authors: Akselrov М. A. , Ivanov D. V. , Dadasheva S. M. , Sergienko T. V. , Uzdimaeva S. K.
Published: December 2022

Introduction. Infants learn the world while playing through the taste of objects. If the parents neglect it, the object in the mouth can be swallowed. Foreign bodies in the esophagus are easily diagnosed, as a rule, since immediately after getting stuck they are manifested by salivation, choking, difficulty in passing food. If a foreign body passed into the esophagus being unnoticed, in 20% various complications develop, such as esophagitis, stenosis, organ perforation, esophageal-tracheobronchial fistula, mediastinitis, aortoesophageal fistula, cervical spondylitis.Material and methods. The article presents a clinical case of the long time presence of a large foreign body in the esophagus of an infant which was simulating respiratory disorders. The child was admitted to a surgical hospital with suspected congenital tracheoesophageal fistula because when swallowing liquid food he did not manifested any complaints typical for foreign bodies in the esophagus: pain in the neck and sternum with irradiation to the interscapular region, difficulty or inability to swallow, urge to vomit, hypersalivation. Mom and doctors were inclined to find other reasons for cough and wheezing which were intensified when the child was eating. The authors discuss features of extraesophageal manifestations of a foreign body in the esophagus as well as diagnostic and therapeutic tactics in such cases.Conclusion. Even small children can swallow large foreign bodies. While taking anamnesis, especially in children of the first year of life, a doctor should think not only about the syndrome of bronchial obstruction, but also about possible presence of a foreign body in the esophagus if wheezing and coughing attacks appear during meal. Diagnostic algorithm should include X-ray and endoscopic examinations which are effective and minimally invasive and which allow to remove a foreign body, even if it is in the esophagus for a long time.
A Conceptual Study on Factors Influencing Green Banking Facilities in India
Authors: Selvaraj Dr. S.
Published: December 2022

Green banking is a relatively new concept in comparison. It is a paperless banking system that saves on operating expenses and is good for the environment. Green Banks are organisations with a single goal: to speed up the transition to sustainable energy and stop climate change. This conceptual study was carried out to investigate several aspects of the performance of green banking. To learn more about the green banking performance and policies, several previously published papers were examined. These studies cover a variety of subjects, such as Determinants of Green Banking Adoption in Emerging Economies, Determinants of Green Banking Implementation, Determinants of Green Banking Expectations among Customers, and Determinants of Customers' Expectations Toward Green Banking Practices in India.
Impact of Public Complaints Commission as Viable Alternative Dispute Resolution Mechanism in Administration of Justice in Nigeria
Authors: Adedeji Amos Ojo
Published: December 2022

The concept of ombudsman has become an international phenomenon. This study examined the impact of mechanism of dispute resolution with particular reference to Public Complaints Commission (PCC) which is the Nigeria version of ombudsman. The study explores quantitative analysis to address the task. It revealed that PCC has made positive impact in nation building such as checks and balances, timely and free cost of settlement, and watchdog of happenings in the society to mention a few. Despite the laudable achievements of the commission, the study noted inadequate funding, lack of adequate infrastructures, poor publicity, shortage of qualitative manpower and inadequate training, and poor salary scale for the staff as the obstacles militating against the effective delivery of the commission. The study concluded by recommending adequate funding of the commission, conducive office environment, intensive public enlightenment programme, qualified and well trained staff, and improvement of staff remuneration.
Comparative Studies on Bioethanol Production from Some Starch Based Agricultural Waste Peels
Authors: C. Onuguh I. , U. Ikhuoria E. , U. Obibuzo J.
Published: December 2022

The potential of some starch-based agricultural waste peels (cassava peels, yam peels and potato peels) for bioethanol production was investigated. They were pretreated with physico-chemical agents before being hydrolyzed using cellulase enzymes from the Trichoderma ressei micro-organism. Using co-cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia stipitis fermentative yeasts, the different hydrolysates were fermented to bioethanol. The bioethanol yields of separate hydrolysis and co-fermentation (SHCF) and simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) fermentative procedures were evaluated. The maximum bioethanol yields from the fermentation results for cassava peels, yam peels and potato peels were 4.87, 3.78 and 5.31 (% w/v wet biomass) respectively after 72 hours of fermentation. The SSCF method was shown to be more successful since it produced higher bioethanol yields in all of the substrates studied and was quicker. When compared to prior research using different microorganisms, the SSCF technique had a superior fermentation yield using mixed cultures of Trichoderma ressi, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia stipites.
Media Literacy: Building Critical Media Awareness
Authors: Mishra Dr. Kaushik
Published: December 2022

The effect of media on society and the world at large is always under constant scrutiny. Researchers across the globe persistently studying the effect of media on the social, political, economic, and cultural discourse of our society. Due to rapid development of Communication Technologies and enhanced access to internet, the challenges posed by media have grown manifolds. To overcome those challenges researchers have been arguing since long about the importance of media literacy. Recent incidents of mob lynching, political turmoil, religion led clashes, etc. are testimonies to the lack of media awareness among the people. It has become crucial than ever for the audience/ consumers of media to understand the media content, its source and know how to utilize the received information. This study aims to discuss the meaning of media literacy in the present context and explore the significance of media literacy. An attempt has been made to highlight the contemporary challenges arising because of the upgradation in communication technologies and demonstrate how media literacy can play an instrumental role in overcoming these challenges.
The Viability and Potential of Corruption-Based Counterclaims in Treaty-Based ISDS Cases under ICSID Tribunals
Authors: Chowdhury Ashfaquzzaman
Published: December 2022

The Viability and Potential of Corruption-Based Counterclaims in Treaty-Based ISDS Cases under ICSID Tribunals

In recent years, counterclaims by host States in investor-State dispute settlement (ISDS) are getting importance in the investment arbitration practice and academic literature. Many consider counterclaims as an effective tool in rebalancing the existing asymmetry in the ISDS system. This article examines the viability of a corruption-based counterclaim (CBC) in ISDS. It first explores how the concept and practice of counterclaim have been perceived in international law and adjudication so far. Subsequently, it analyses counterclaim-related investment arbitration cases to comprehend how counterclaim has been practised and interpreted in the treaty-based ISDS. Through critical analysis, it demonstrates the differences between a CBC and other types of counterclaims. The article finds that it would be difficult for the host States to resort and substantiate CBCs under the existing web of investment treaties and treaty-based ISDS practice. It concludes by suggesting ways to overcome the barriers for CBCs by the host States.
Panoptik Sonrası Dünyada Küresel Hegemonyanın Sosyal Medya Üzerinden Değerlendirilmesi: Donald Trump Vakasının Betimsel Analizi
Authors: ÇELİK Fikriye
Published: December 2022

Geleneksel toplum modelinde baskı aracı işlevi gören gözetim; modern dönemde gelişen teknoloji yardımıyla kurumsal nitelik kazanmış, modern çağı izleyen süreçte yeni iletişim teknolojileriyle uğradığı yapısal değişiklik sonucu gündelik hayata eklemlenmiştir. Gözetleme kültüründe görülen dönemsel değişimlerin kullanılan araçlarla ilgisi, gözetimde mekân olgusunu da vurgulamayı gerektirmektedir. Zira “mekân” ve “beden” arasındaki diyalektik ilişki gözetim aracının şeklini tayin etmektedir. Bugün küresel internet ağına bina edilen üçüncü mekânın insanı, kent mekânındaki “gözetim”den daha yoğun ancak rıza eşliğinde gerçekleşen bir “denetim”e tabi tutulmaktır. Foucault’nun “dispositif”inin küresel hegemonya altında kurulan yeni mekânda Bigo’nun “ban-optikon”u üzerinden işlevselliğini koruduğu hakikatine yaslanan bu çalışmada eski ABD Başkanı Donald Trump’a Kongre baskını sonrası yeni iletişim teknolojileri kapılarının kapatılması vakası tartışılmaktadır. Yeni medyanın aracılık ettiği iletişim sürecinde Trump’ın sosyal medya hesaplarının kalıcı olarak kapatılması, kullanım amacıyla yöneldiği diğer iletişim platformlarının küresel uygulama marketlerinden kaldırılması vakasını ötekileştirmeye/dışlamaya/ayırmaya hizmet eden “ban-optikon” ve “deplatforming” kavramlarından yardım alarak anlamlı kılmak çalışmanın amacını teşkil etmektedir. Nitel araştırma yöntemiyle gerçekleşen bu betimsel analizde amorf küresel hegemonyanın Donald Trump’ı sosyal medya üzerinden dünyanın gözü önünde dijital ablukaya alması modern ve sonrası gözetim kültürü etrafında değerlendirilmiştir. Bu bağlamda küresel eşikbekçiliğinin yürütüldüğü ağ mekânında marjinalleştirilerek varlık göstermesi engellenen Trump’ın platformsuzlaştırma stratejisi başta olmak üzere kullanılan yeni teknikler sonucunda sesinin kesildiği, suskunluk yaptırımıyla karşılaştığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
Tax Obligations for Small and Medium Micro Enterprises (Umkm) References to PP Number 23 of 2018 (Case Study on Sharia Cooperative Business 45 in Mataram City)
Authors:   Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Mataram, Sutanto Himawan , Suprianto Suprianto ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Mataram, Agustiani Eka ,   Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Mataram
Published: December 2022

This study takes the title: “Tax Obligations for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) based on PP Number 23 of 2018 Application of Government Regulation Number 23 of 2018 (Case Study on 45 Sharia Cooperative Businesses in Mataram City). The objective of the financial writer in this study is to analyze reports on the acceptance and competition of Sharia Cooperatives 45 and the calculation of Income Tax Article 4 Paragraph (2) of Government Regulation Number 23 of 2018 in fulfilling tax obligations on Sharia Cooperatives 45 in the city of Mataram. This study uses a case research method, namely the case that occurred in the 45 Sharia Cooperative for the fulfillment of tax obligations in the 2020 fiscal year. Based on and discussion, relating to the Calculation, Deposit, & Reporting Procedures for Islamic Cooperative Income Tax 45 are as follows: To find out the procedure for calculating, depositing and reporting PPh of Sharia Cooperative Board of Directors 45 has been carried out in accordance with the basics of recording/booking data of Sharia cooperatives 45 to deposit the amount of income tax payable of Rp. 357,886 and carry out annual SPT reporting e. Establish To compare between Government Regulation Number 23 of 2018 regarding Income Tax article 4 (paragraph 2) implemented by Sharia Cooperatives 45 in accordance with existing provisions. 45 Sharia Cooperative Enterprises has carried out its tax obligations by making payments and reporting taxes using the Annual Tax Return (SPT) on time.
PENYELESAIN SENGKETA TANAH ANTARA PT RIAU ANDALAN PULP AND PAPAER DENGAN PETANI KELAPA SAWIT DESA DAYAUN DI KECAMATAN DAYUN KABUPATEN SIAK
Authors: Ressy Helvicha , Lestari Rika , Hasanah Ulfia
Published: December 2022

The basis for implementing land use in Indonesia is regulated in Article 33 Paragraph (3) of the 1945 Law, the article explains that everything regarding natural resources including land. Therefore, no one can interfere with someone's land ownership rights, where land tenure rights are a concrete legal relationship. Based  on  the  author's observations, the  problem regarding land disputes between PT RAPP and oil palm farmers in Dayun Village is that long-standing mutual claims to land rights have led to even greater conflicts. The purpose of this study was  to  obtain an  overview of  the  factors causing the  dispute between PT RAPP and the oil palm farmers of Dayun Village. And how to resolve land disputes between PT RAPP and oil palm farmers in Dayun Village. It is hoped that the disputing parties should pay attention to and also consider mediation efforts and also other solutions that can reconcile the two parties.
TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Mubaraq Muhammad Husni
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this research is to find out how Islam views corruption and how to eradicate corruption according to Islamic criminal law. The research method used in this research is normative juridical research and it can be concluded: 1. Corruption in Islam is an act of violating the Shari'a. Islamic law aims to realize the benefit of mankind with what is called maqashidussy syaria'ah. From the perspective of the wider context of Islamic teachings, the practice of corruption is an act that is contrary to the principles of justice, accountability, and responsibility. Corruption and all its negative impacts cause various distortions to the life of the State and society which can be categorized into acts of destruction on earth which are highly condemned by Allah swt. 2. Islamic Criminal Law places corruption in the category of jarimah takzir, takzir is a legal sanction that is imposed on a person who commits a crime or criminal act who commits violations both related to the rights of Allah swt and human rights, and these violations are not explicitly determined in the form of sanctions in the texts of the Qur'an and hadith. Takzir legal sanctions can be in the form of imprisonment, fines, inclusion in the list of disgraceful people, dismissal, and even the death penalty.
ANALISIS YURIDIS SURAT SERUAN GUBERNUR NOMOR 8 TAHUN 2021 TENTANG PEMBINAAN KAWASAN DILARANG MEROKOK
Authors: Saragih Geofani Milthree
Published: December 2022

This study aims to analyze the legal position of the Governor's Letter of Appeal Number 8 of 2021 concerning the Development of a No Smoking Area associated with the rights of cigarette sellers and users. This research is a type of descriptive research using a qualitative approach. The technique used to collect data using observation, literature study and tracing and archives. The results show that the Governor's Letter of Appeal Number 8 of 2021 concerning the Development of a No Smoking Area has ambiguity in its regulation in positive law in Indonesia, both from legal sources that are followed up, the substance and who signed the Governor's Appeal do not have certainty. If the Governor's Letter of Appeal Number 8 of 2021 concerning the Development of a No Smoking Area is discretionary, then it is not in accordance with AUPB. The application of the Governor's Letter of Appeal Number 8 of 2021 concerning the Development of a No Smoking Area is contrary to the Decision of the Constitutional Court Number 6/PUU-VII/2009 and the Constitutional Court Number 57/PUU-IX/2011. Then, with the issuance of the Governor's Letter of Appeal Number 8 of 2021 concerning the Development of No Smoking Areas, it has caused losses for cigarette sellers and cigarette users, not only in Jakarta, but also outside Jakarta. In practice, legal products in the form of a Governor's Letter of Appeal are only found in Jakarta. It is hoped that in the future there will be a clear setting of boundaries regarding the formation of the Governor's Letter of Appeal.
REVISÃO PARTICIPATIVA DO PLANO MUNICIPAL DE SANEAMENTO BÁSICO DE IJUÍ - RS
Authors: De Almeida Ian Rocha , Wartchow Dieter , Tavares Lígia Conceição , De Oliveira Joice Viviane , Krause Glaucia Adriele Prauchner
Published: December 2022

A partir de dezembro de 2022, a existência de Plano Municipal de Saneamento Básico (PMSB), será condição para o acesso aos recursos orçamentários da União ou de financiamentos geridos ou administrados por órgão ou entidade da administração pública federal, quando destinados a serviços de saneamento básico. O receio dessa perda sobressai-se no lugar da busca por soluções pontuais e gerais do saneamento básico dos municípios, o que reflete na construção do PMSB que muitas vezes não acontece de forma integrada com ampla participação dos mais diversos segmentos sociais. Se em alguns casos a construção do PMSB foge do padrão que considera conteúdos mínimos, a atualização do plano torna-se algo bastante raro no cenário nacional. A importância da atualização do PMSB faz com que as ações de atenuação das problemáticas sejam mais eficientes devido o acompanhamento do crescimento das demandas no saneamento básico. O presente trabalho apresenta de forma sintetizada o processo de revisão do PMSB do município de Ijuí, fundamentada em um Diagnóstico Técnico – Participativo e a elaboração de um Prognóstico com Programas, Projetos e Ações propostas para o alcance dos cenários propostos no PMSB do município, elaborado no ano de 2011.
The Philosophy of Eco-Politics
Authors: Lányi András
Published: December 2022

The catchword „ecology” can be misleading, directing attention from the crisis of our civilization to its natural consequences. Thus, it makes the defence appear as a simply technical issue or, on the contrary, as a strictly moral one, neglecting in both cases the socio-cultural context. The purpose of this book is to prove that the current world order is unsustainable not because it exceeds the limits of nature’s carrying capacity; it exceeds those limits because it is unsustainable in itself. The book consists of three chapters, whose titles refer, somewhat ironically, to Kant, the paradigmatic thinker of modernity: What can I know (when the trust in knowledge has been lost)? What must I do (and why me)? What may I hope (from politics)? It argues that politics inspired by ecological insights needs and actually has a philosophical foundation of its own, different from any of the current trends.
A Bibliotheca Corvina : Egy könyvtár sorsa, küldetése és végzete
Authors: Monok István
Published: December 2022

Napjainkban, 2022-ben egyre gyakrabban elhangzó kérdés, hogy „mi végre is egy könyvtár?”. Sokan azok közül, akik azt gondolják, az emberiség fejlődik, különösen értetlenül állnak a felhalmozott könyvek kilométernyi sorai előtt, nem tudván, hogy a digitális könyvtár is könyvtár, és persze azt sem tudják, hogy még sokat kell várni arra, hogy az emberiség írott öröksége a numerikus világ részévé váljon. Az emberiség még ekkor sem fog fejlődni, de legyen elég annyi, hogy a technika igen. Ha Hunyadi Mátyás (1443–1490) magyar király könyvtárát, a Bibliotheca Corvinát tekintjük, hasonló kérdések mentén is követhetjük történetét. Miért és miként hozták létre azt a gyűjteményt, amely végül a Magyar Királyság (a maiaknál nem feltétlenül kulturáltabb) politikai vezetői szerint „pro decore Regni”, vagyis „az ország díszére” szolgált. Aragóniai Beatrix (1457–1508) és kíséretének Budára érkezése (1476) felgyorsította a gyűjtési folyamatot. Az 1470 és 1520 közötti Európában a nyugati kereszténység közös értékvilágban élt. Olyanban, amely akkor már egy évszázada ennek a keresztény világnak a közös gyökereit kereste, és vélte megtalálni a görög és római ókorban, illetve a kereszténység korai időszakában. A keresztény egyházon belül – ahogy egy Martin Luther (1473–1546) nevű szerzetes is – a korai egyházatyák és a személyes vallásosság szentjeinek szövegeit, a világi humanisták pedig az ókori szövegkorpuszt és ugyancsak a korai egyházatyáktól ránk maradt szöveges emlékeket adták ki, elemezték, értelmezték. Emellett gyűjtötték olyanokkal, mint Cosimo de’ Medici (il Vecchio 1389–1464), aki Firenzében a San Marco-rendházban alakíttatta ki a Bibliotheca Graeca és a Bibliotheca Latina termeket, és olyanokkal, mint Matthias Corvinus, aki hasonlóan cselekedett Budán.
MANUAL DE REDAÇÃO DA PRESIDÊNCIA DA REPÚBLICA CADA QUAL, COM SEU IGUAL
Authors: De Souza Paulo Anízio Martins
Published: December 2022

O presente artigo confronta as edições de 2002 e 2018 do Manual de Redação da Presidência da República, em particular o Capítulo I – Aspectos Gerais da Redação Oficial, constante da Parte I – As comunicações Oficiais. Faz uma breve retrospectiva das edições com base no exposto na própria apresentação/prefácio das obras, pontuando omissões nela presentes, como a não referência à democracia e à participação de estudiosas/os da linguagem, bem assim à não menção às sugestões para o aperfeiçoamento do manual, se de fato se deram, cuja abertura foi promovida às/aos consulentes desde a primeira edição. A partir daí compara os parágrafos constituintes do capítulo da nova edição com o da edição de 2002, com o que registra que, assim como a parte introdutória, o novo (?) MRPR tem muito mais de cópia e até de plágio e erros de ortografia em desobediência ao Acordo Ortográfico de 1990. Acordo esse que, por sinal, lastreia a anunciada revisão, atualização e ampliação do manual.
Concurrent Jurisdiction in Competition Law Enforcement in Tanzania with Some Lessons from the United Kingdom and South Africa
Authors:   Judge- High Court of Tanzania, Mlyambina Yose Joseph
Published: December 2022

The enactment of concurrent jurisdiction between the Fair Competition Commission and the economic regulatory authorities in Tanzania after adoption of market economy principles in economic management was not an anomaly but a necessary undertaking. This paper attempts to show that the fact that competition authorities use different rules from those used by regulatory authorities both sets of institutions can facilitate competition. The concurrent jurisdiction guidance provided in the laws governing the existing economic regulatory institutions provide that where two legally mandated institutions coincide in dealing with an issue, no law overrides the other unless it is expressly stated in the relevant legislation. In such a situation the issue is referred to the Minister. The paper’s main suggestion is that concurrent jurisdiction in the Acts presupposed a single oversight Ministry for both FCA and regulatory authorities which is currently not the case in Tanzania today. Drawing lessons from similar authorities in the United Kingdom and South Africa, this paper has proposed that Tanzania should establish a Tanzania Competition Network (TCN) to act as forum for cooperation between FCC, economic regulatory authorities and Government officials responsible for competition and regulatory issues. Key Words: Competition, concurrent jurisdiction, competition authorities, oversight Ministry, economic regulatory authorities.
Political Question Doctrine and its Justiciability in Tanzania: A Critical Analysis of Attorney General vs Rev. Christopher Mtikila
Authors:   University of Dar es Salaam School of Law, Daniel Dominic
Published: December 2022

This article examines the nature, application, and scope of the controversial political question doctrine. What the doctrine seeks to achieve is at odds with what is intended by the justiciability theory. While justiciability principle aims at allowing all legal questions properly brought before the court to be conclusively determined by the court, political question doctrine intends to deny litigants of legal protection by prohibiting the courts from entertaining legal disputes properly presented and which are otherwise justiciable. The controversy has always been on how to reconcile the two theories. This paper evaluates the existence and efficacy of the doctrine in legal disputes relating to the interpretation of the Constitution. It is submitted that, although the doctrine remains relevant since there are matters of public policy which are constitutionally nonjusticiable, courts in Tanzania have not developed criteria for determining when and under what circumstances should the doctrine be invoked. Keywords: Political Question, Justiciability, Interpretation of the Constitution, Separation of Powers, Judicial Review, Tanzania.
Challenges and Prospects for the Rock Art of Mumba Rock-shelter
Authors: Bushozi Pastory
Published: December 2022

The Mumba rock-shelter and its surrounding landscape are places where evidences for the evolution of human cognitive behaviour and other cultural practices have been uncovered. Deep and stratified archaeological deposits recorded at Mumba have shown unique distinctive technological and behavioural traits with possible connections between Middle Stone Age (MSA), Later Stone Age (LSA), Neolithic, and Iron Age cultures. Archaeological records were found associated with symbolic-revealing objects such as ochre pigments, beads, and stone rubber stained with red ochre, which express the cognitive ability of ancestors who inhabited Mumba rock-shelter and the surrounding landscape from the MSA to the present. Ochre pigments are believed to be one of the ingredients for painted figures executed globally on Precambrian and gneiss rock-walls. Despite being a significant part of human intellectual achievements, the rock art images depicted at Mumba have been severely affected by physical weathering and anthropogenic actions. This paper explores the extent to which the rock art of Mumba reference cultural processes, conservation challenges, and prospects for future uses. The presented data were collected through in-depth documentation using modern analytical techniques such as ImageJ and Adobe Photoshop C5 softwares to trace the paintings. Two traditional systems of hunter-forager and Bantu speaking paintings were identified at Mumba. However, the conservation status of the rock art of Mumba is not ideal, which necessitates collective management approaches.
GLAVNI GRADOVI U NACIONALNIM SISTEMIMA LOKALNE SAMOUPRAVE – KOMPARATIVNA ANALIZA SARAJEVA, BEOGRADA, ZAGREBA I LJUBLJANE
Authors: Sadiković Elmir
Published: December 2022

U radu je izvedena komparativna analiza ustavne pozicije i organizacije lokalne samouprave u glavnim gradovima: Ljubljana, Zagreb, Beograd, Podgorica i Sarajevo. U komparativnoj analizi modela lokalne samouprave u glavnim gradovima su posebno uzeti u obzir aspekti ustavnog statusa glavnog grada kao jedinice lokalne samouprave; teritorijalna organizacija; obim samoupravnih nadležnosti u vršenju javnih poslova te institucionalna organizacija gradskih vlasti. Cilj rada je da se komparativnom analizom identificiraju nedostaci u ustavnoj poziciji i organizaciji lokalne samouprave u Gradu Sarajevu. Rezultati komparativne analize mogu biti od koristi u oblikovanju prijedloga institucionalnog modela reforme i organizacije lokalne samouprave u Gradu Sarajevu.
Pursuing the Polar Routes with Penguins and Polar Bears: Balancing the Choice of Chromatographic Mode
Authors: MacNeill Robert
Published: December 2022

Reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) may have historical popularity, but it is not the only LC technique available to chromatographers. To help balance the choice of chromatographic technique, a discussion of the merits of being flexible when making the choice of LC technique for a given application is presented. Because having a flexible perspective is particularly important for biotherapeutics, it is important that choosing which technique to use is determined based on good science and begins with a physicochemical property assessment of the analytes, followed by subsequent alignment with the most appropriate retentive mode. An Earth-based figurative analogy is used to help highlight several popular LC techniques.
Kinetic Fluorimetric Determination of Formaldehyde by Oxidation of Rhodamine B with Potassium Bromate
Authors: Zhao-qun Wang , Li Sheng , Feng Han , Xin Zhang , Hai-su Li , Bi-quan Su
Published: December 2022

Based on the H2SO4-Rhodamine B-KBrO3 system, the kinetic fluorescence method was used to determine formaldehyde. The experimental results show that in the sulfuric acid medium, the fading process of oxidized rhodamine B by potassium bromate is inhibited by the catalytic action of formaldehyde. The results showed that the formaldehyde concentration in the range of 0.4 to 4.4 μmol/L had a good linear relationship with lg (IF/I0F) = 0.01385 c (μmol/L) + 0.02353, the correlation coefficient was 0.9974, and the method detection limit was 0.3027 μmol/L. In the determination of formaldehyde in the synthetical water sample and laundry water, the recoveries were 98.68% and 103.20%. The results were consistent with the certified value.
Density Functional Model of Raman Spectra for the Seminiferous Tubules of Hindlimb Unloaded Mice
Authors: Azeem Muhammad , Qaisar Rizwan , Karim Asima , Ranade Anu , Elmoselhi Adel
Published: December 2022

A model Raman spectrum was constructed by using density functional theory (DFT) to track amino acid changes in the seminiferous tubules of hindlimb unloaded (HU) mice. A B3LYP functional with 6-31G* polarization basis sets were used in the calculations. A number of features in the model were comparable to the experimentally obtained spectrum collated with a 785-nm laser from the testicular tissues of the male mice unloaded for two weeks. A comparison of the theoretical and the experimental Raman spectra indicated that hydroxyproline and tryptophan are the major amino acids in the seminiferous tubules. By using Raman spectroscopy, we also confirmed by histological measurement that the same molecules showed depression. The changes in these molecules resulted in the disruption of the testicular seminiferous tubules, resulting in pathological conditions such as epithelial atrophy, tubular shrinkage, and lumen expansion. Our observations indicated that the DFT model of the Raman spectra has the potential to precisely predict and analyze the features of the experimental spectra in the testicular tissues of HU mice.
Lakott területeken megjelenő nyestek (Martes foina) problémáinak felmérése és összehasonlítása két településen
Authors: Plank Patrik , Biró Zsolt
Published: December 2022

A lakott területeken megjelenő nyestek és azok kártétele napjainkban egyre többször kerül elő, más lakott településen megjelenő vadfajainkkal együtt. A városok és falvak terjeszkedéseinek hatására egyre több élőlény talál otthonra a lakott területeken és ennek következtében a lakosság és a ragadozó fajok közti konfliktusok száma megnövekszik. A vizsgálat során két lakott településen (Szárliget, Tata) előforduló nyestek kártételét próbáltuk felmérni kérdőív segítségével. A kérdőíves felmérés eredményeit kiegészítendő szőrcsapdákat és műfészkeket helyeztünk ki a településeken a ragadozók előfordulásának objektív vizsgálatára. A kutatás során a következőkre kerestük a választ: mely időszakokban történtek a károk, mit károsítottak a leggyakrabban a nyestek, és hogy mekkora a különbség a város és falu közt a károsítások terén. A védekezés és riasztás szempontjából mindkét településen, az interneten terjedő praktikákkal (pl. vizes palack elhelyezése a gépjárművek körül) próbálkoznak a legtöbben, amely sikertelen szokott lenni. Mindkét településen a személygépjárműveket károsították a legtöbbet, és azon belül is a kábelek megrágásával okoztak leggyakrabban kárt. A kihelyezett szőrcsapdákat Szárligeten macskák keresték fel, a műfészkeket szintén macskák, vagy madarak illetve kóbor kutyák. A szőrcsapda és műfészek felmérésből jól látszik a mind két településen nagy számban jelen lévő kóbor kutyák és macskák jelenléte. Összességében elmondható, hogy a kérdőíves felmérés eredményei igazolják a hazai és külföldi szakirodalmakat és publikációkat a nyest városi jelenlétéről és károkozásáról.
Különböző mértékben szuburbanizálódott Kecskemét környéki falvak előkertjeiben található fásszárú növények felmérése
Authors: Tamás Júlia , Csontos Péter , Farkas Jenő Zsolt , Hoyk Edit , Hardi Tamás
Published: December 2022

Kecskeméttől háromféle távolságban elhelyezkedő, a szuburbanizációtól eltérő mértékben érintett településeken összesen 150 előkertben vizsgáltuk meg az ott előforduló fásszárú növényzet faj- és egyedszámát. Az előkertekben leggyakrabban egy faj, illetve két egyed fordult elő, de voltak 8 vagy több fajt és 14 vagy több egyedet felmutató előkertek is. Az összesen feljegyzett 668 egyed 111 fajhoz tartozott, amelyek közt az első öt helyet a Biota orientalis, a Hibiscus syriacus, a Thuja occidentalis, a Catalpa bignonioides és a Cerasus vulgaris foglalták el. Az öt faj összevont egyedszáma az összes megfigyelt fásszárú növényegyed 26%-át tette ki. Az adatokat többféle csoportosítás szerint is értékeltük: fa, cserje, sövény vagy lián; őshonos, archeofiton vagy neofiton; gyümölcsfa vs. díszfa; lombhullató vs. örökzöld; valamint vizsgáltuk az előkert felett húzódó légvezetékek hatását is. Eredményeink rávilágítanak a lakosok növényválasztási szokásaira, amit a megfelelő településrendezési és tájtervezési koncepciók kialakításához figyelembe lehet venni.