bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Imidazolium-based dicationic ionic liquids: highly efficient extractants for separating aromatics from aliphatics
Authors: Yao Congfei , Hou Yucui , Wu Weize , Ren Shuhang , Liu Hui
Published: June 2018

Imidazolium-based dicationic ionic liquids (DILs) are potential alternative solvents for the extraction of aromatics from aliphatics with both high selectivity and high distribution coefficient.
Direct synthesis of α-aminophosphonates from biomass resources catalyzed by HReO4
Authors: Isca Vera M. S. , Fernandes Ana C.
Published: June 2018

HReO4 as an efficient catalyst for the one-pot sustainable synthesis of heteroatom compounds, containing N and P atoms, directly from biomass resources.
Microfluidic nozzle device for ultrafine fiber solution blow spinning with precise diameter control
Authors: Hofmann Eddie , Krüger Kilian , Haynl Christian , Scheibel Thomas , Trebbin Martin , Förster Stephan
Published: June 2018

We present a microfluidic nozzle device for the controlled continuous solution blow spinning of ultrafine fibers.
Fabrication of D–π–A sensitizers based on different donors substituted with a dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione bridge for DSSCs: influence of the CDCA co-absorbent
Authors: Dhar Abhishek , Siva Kumar Nadavala , Asif Mohammad , Vekariya Rohit L.
Published: June 2018

The effect of co-absorbance on the performance of DSSC devices with a new design of dimer sensitizers possessing a 2,5-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione (DPP) bridge and various donor groups (carbazole, diphenyl amine, indole) are reported in the present work.
Controlling the polymerization of coniferyl alcohol with cyclodextrins
Authors: Tarrago Lionel , Modolo Camille , Yemloul Mehdi , Robert Viviane , Rousselot-Pailley Pierre , Tron Thierry
Published: June 2018

The system made of a laccase and βCD allows a selective enrichment of pinoresinol amongst the three dimeric lignans and neo-lignans products generated from the mono-electronic oxidation of coniferyl alcohol.
Conformation-induced light emission switching of N-acylhydrazone systems
Authors: Coman Anca G. , Paun Anca , Popescu Codruţa C. , Hădade Niculina D. , Anghel Cătălin C. , Mădălan Augustin M. , Ioniţă Petre , Matache Mihaela
Published: June 2018

Bis-N-acylhydrazones bearing different substituents were found to display different colour emissions, through ESIPT or AIE, as a result of conformation switching, triggered by physical stimuli.
CxNy particles@N-doped porous graphene: a novel cathode catalyst with a remarkable cyclability for Li–O2 batteries
Authors: Wu Aiming , Shen Shuiyun , Yan Xiaohui , Xia Guofeng , Zhang Yao , Zhu Fengjuan , Zhang Junliang
Published: June 2018

CxNy particles@N-doped porous graphene is an efficient, durable and bi-functional cathode catalyst for Li–O2 batteries.
Ultrasensitive detection enabled by nonlinear magnetization of nanomagnetic labels
Authors: Nikitin M. P. , Orlov A. V. , Sokolov I. L. , Minakov A. A. , Nikitin P. I. , Ding J. , Bader S. D. , Rozhkova E. A. , Novosad V.
Published: June 2018

The magnetically soft, disk-shaped particles reveal a strong nonlinearity of the magnetization process due to irreversible transitions from the spin vortex to single-domain configuration, enabling their ultrasensitive detection in high-background environments.
Folate-conjugated and pH-triggered doxorubicin and paclitaxel co-delivery micellar system for targeted anticancer drug delivery
Authors: Niu Lijing , Zhu Feiyan , Li Bowen , Zhao Lingling , Liang Hongze , Yan Yinghua , Tan Hui
Published: June 2018

A folate-conjugated and pH-sensitive micellar system co-encapsulating doxorubicin and paclitaxel was developed for targeted and combination chemotherapy.
Aryl fluoride functionalized graphene oxides for excellent room temperature ammonia sensitivity/selectivity
Authors: Khurshid Farheen , Jeyavelan M. , Takahashi Keisuke , Leo Hudson M. Sterlin , Nagarajan S.
Published: June 2018

Covalent functionalization of graphene oxide (GO) through ‘‘click’’ reaction and its applications towards ammonia sensing has been demonstrated.
Antidiabetic and hypolipidemic activities of eburicoic acid, a triterpenoid compound from Antrodia camphorata, by regulation of Akt phosphorylation, gluconeogenesis, and PPARα in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice
Authors: Lin Cheng-Hsiu , Kuo Yueh-Hsiung , Shih Chun-Ching
Published: June 2018

The study is designed to examine the potential effects and underlying mechanisms of eburicoic acid (TRR), a compound from Antrodia camphorata, in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice.
In situ hybridization of an MXene/TiO2/NiFeCo-layered double hydroxide composite for electrochemical and photoelectrochemical oxygen evolution
Authors: Hao Ningxian , Wei Yang , Wang Jialiang , Wang Zhiwei , Zhu Zhaohua , Zhao Shulin , Han Min , Huang Xiao
Published: June 2018

An in situ prepared Ti3C2Tx/TiO2/NiFeCo-LDH composite showed excellent performance in both electrochemical and photoelectrochemical oxygen evolution reactions.
Decarboxylative aldol reaction of α,α-difluoro-β-ketocarboxylate salt: a facile method for generation of difluoroenolate
Authors: Tarui Atsushi , Oduti Mayuna , Shinya Susumu , Sato Kazuyuki , Omote Masaaki
Published: June 2018

A ZnCl2/N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine complex promoted decarboxylative aldol reaction of α,α-difluoro-β-ketocarboxylate salt with carbonyl compounds has been developed.
Mechanical properties of epoxy nanocomposites filled with melamine functionalized molybdenum disulfide
Authors: Chen Bin , Ni Bao-Jian , Liu Wen-Tao , Ye Qiu-Yang , Liu Si-Yuan , Zhang He-Xin , Yoon Keun-Byoung
Published: June 2018

In this work, a melamine functionalized molybdenum disulfide (M-MoS2) was prepared and used as fillers to form epoxy (EP)/MoS2 nanocomposites. The mechanical properties of EP were significantly improved, even with very low M-MoS2 addition.
A III-nitride nanowire solar cell fabricated using a hybrid coaxial and uniaxial InGaN/GaN multi quantum well nanostructure
Authors: Park Ji-Hyeon , Nandi R. , Sim Jae-Kwan , Um Dae-Young , Kang San , Kim Jin-Soo , Lee Cheul-Ro
Published: June 2018

Solar cells fabricated with hybrid nanowires comprising InGaN/GaN uniaxial and coaxial multi-quantum wells with an InGaN nano-cap layer.
Highly active Cu/ZnO–Al catalyst for methanol synthesis: effect of aging on its structure and activity
Authors: Mota N. , Guil-Lopez R. , Pawelec B. G. , Fierro J. L. G. , Navarro R. M.
Published: June 2018

The catalysts derived from precipitates aged after crystallization of zincian malachite show higher activity and stability
Effects of the inhibitor of glutamate decarboxylase on the development and GABA accumulation in germinating fava beans under hypoxia-NaCl stress
Authors: Yin Yongqi , Cheng Chao , Fang Weiming
Published: June 2018

Effects of aminoxyacetate, a specific inhibitor of glutamate decarboxylase, on GABA accumulation in germinating fava beans under hypoxia-NaCl stress.
Operando deconvolution of photovoltaic and electrocatalytic performance in ALD TiO2 protected water splitting photocathodes
Authors: Cui Wei , Niu Wenzhe , Wick-Joliat René , Moehl Thomas , Tilley S. David
Published: June 2018

The dual-working-electrode technique enables the deconvolution of the intrinsic properties of the buried p–n junction and the electrocatalyst on the surface for water splitting photocathodes.
Deciphering the mechanism of O2 reduction with electronically tunable non-heme iron enzyme model complexes
Authors: Surendhran Roshaan , D'Arpino Alexander A. , Sciscent Bao Y. , Cannella Anthony F. , Friedman Alan E. , MacMillan Samantha N. , Gupta Rupal , Lacy David C.
Published: June 2018

A homologous series of electronically tuned ligands were prepared and some of their corresponding Fe complexes were prepared and a Hammett plot of the rates of O2 reduction allowed us to infer important details of the mechanism.
Let there be light: stability of palmitic acid monolayers at the air/salt water interface in the presence and absence of simulated solar light and a photosensitizer
Authors: Shrestha Mona , Luo Man , Li Yingmin , Xiang Bo , Xiong Wei , Grassian Vicki H.
Published: June 2018

The stability of palmitic acid monolayers at the air/salt water interface changes in the presence of light and a photosensitizer.
Emergence of the interplay between hierarchy and contact splitting in biological adhesion highlighted through a hierarchical shear lag model
Authors: Brely Lucas , Bosia Federico , Pugno Nicola M.
Published: June 2018

A hierarchical shear lag model shows that the hierarchical structure of gecko-like adhesives allows optimal load redistribution.
Simple model on debonding of soft adhesives
Authors: Yamaguchi Tetsuo , Creton Costantino , Doi Masao
Published: June 2018

We propose a simple theoretical model describing the debonding process of soft adhesives in the probe-tack test.
A small-angle scattering environment forin situultrasound studies
Authors: Li David S. , Lee Yi-Ting , Xi Yuyin , Pelivanov Ivan , O’Donnell Matthew , Pozzo Lilo D.
Published: June 2018

We designed and tested a calibrated ultrasound sample environment forin situsmall-angle X-ray and neutron scattering measurements.
Co3O4 nanobelt arrays assembled with ultrathin nanosheets as highly efficient and stable electrocatalysts for the chlorine evolution reaction
Authors: Zhu Xianglin , Wang Peng , Wang Zeyan , Liu Yuanyuan , Zheng Zhaoke , Zhang Qianqian , Zhang Xiaoyang , Dai Ying , Whangbo Myung-Hwan , Huang Baibiao
Published: June 2018

We report Co3O4 nanobelt arrays (NBAs) assembled with ultrathin nanosheets prepared on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates as electrocatalysts for the CER.
Designed synthesis of SiC nanowire-derived carbon with dual-scale nanostructures for supercapacitor applications
Authors: Zou Xingli , Ji Li , Hsu Hsien-Yi , Zheng Kai , Pang Zhongya , Lu Xionggang
Published: June 2018

A simple approach has been designed for the synthesis of mesoporous silicon carbide-derived carbon nanowires (SiC-CDC NWs) for supercapacitor applications.
Black phosphorus analogue tin sulfide nanosheets: synthesis and application as near-infrared photothermal agents and drug delivery platforms for cancer therapy
Authors: Xie Zhongjian , Wang Dou , Fan Taojian , Xing Chenyang , Li Zhongjun , Tao Wei , Liu Liping , Bao Shiyun , Fan Dianyuan , Zhang Han
Published: June 2018

Black phosphorus analogue tin sulfide nanosheets as photothermal and drug delivery agents with high drug loading capacity for cancer therapy.
A 90-day subchronic toxicity study of submerged mycelial culture of Cordyceps militaris in rats
Authors: Jhou Bo-Yi , Fang Wei-Chen , Chen Yen-Lien , Chen Chin-Chu
Published: June 2018

Cordyceps militaris (C. militaris) is a parasitic fungus that grows on the larvae of Lepidoptera.
PPAR-γ agonist rosiglitazone ameliorates peritoneal deterioration in peritoneal dialysis rats with LPS-induced peritonitis through up-regulation of AQP-1 and ZO-1
Authors: Zhang Yunfang , Feng Junxia , Wang Qi , Zhao Shili , Xu Jiaqi , Li Hongyan
Published: June 2018

Peritonitis is still a major cause of the death in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients despite the significant decline of the peritonitis rates in recent years. The present study is designed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonist, rosiglitazone, on the structure and function of the peritoneum in a PD rat accompanied with peritonitis induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Our data showed that the peritoneal membrane in the LPS-only group showed increased peritoneal thickness, vessel density, and hypercellularity compared with the PD-only group. Rosiglitazone administration significantly inhibited increase of the three indicators in PD rats with LPS treatment. In line with this, rosiglitazone improved function of the peritoneum in LPS-induced PD rats receiving rosiglitazone, which was reflected by decreased D/P urea and D/P albumin. Mechanistically, rosiglitazone-mediated improvements in the damaged structure and function of the peritoneum in PD rats with LPS treatment were associated with reduced inflammation and preserving mesothelial cell monolayer resulted from up-regulation of AQP-1 and ZO-1. Our findings thus suggest that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) activation might be a reasonable strategy to prevent and ameliorate peritoneal deterioration in PD patients, especially with peritonitis.
RHO GTPases in cancer: known facts, open questions, and therapeutic challenges
Authors: Bustelo Xosé R.
Published: June 2018

RHO GTPases have been traditionally associated with protumorigenic functions. While this paradigm is still valid in many cases, recent data have unexpectedly revealed that RHO proteins can also play tumor suppressor roles. RHO signaling elements can also promote both pro- and antitumorigenic effects using GTPase-independent mechanisms, thus giving an extra layer of complexity to the role of these proteins in cancer. Consistent with these variegated roles, both gain- and loss-of-function mutations in RHO pathway genes have been found in cancer patients. Collectively, these observations challenge long-held functional archetypes for RHO proteins in both normal and cancer cells. In this review, I will summarize these data and discuss new questions arising from them such as the functional and clinical relevance of the mutations found in patients, the mechanistic orchestration of those antagonistic functions in tumors, and the pros and cons that these results represent for the development of RHO-based anticancer drugs.
Treatment Response to a Double Administration of Constraint-Induced Language Therapy in Chronic Aphasia
Authors: Mozeiko Jennifer , Myers Emily B. , Coelho Carl A.
Published: June 2018

Purpose

This study investigated changes in oral–verbal expressive language associated with improvements following 2 treatment periods of constraint-induced language therapy in 4 participants with stroke-induced chronic aphasia. Generalization of treatment to untrained materials and to discourse production was also analyzed, as was the durability of the treatment effect.

Method

Participants with aphasia were assessed using standardized measures and discourse tasks at 3 to 4 time points to document behavioral changes throughout each of two 30-hr treatment periods of constraint-induced language therapy. Daily probes of trained and untrained materials were also administered.

Results

Despite participant heterogeneity, behavioral results for each person with aphasia indicated a positive response to treatment following each treatment period indicated by performance on standardized tests, trained materials, or both. Treatment effects generalized to some degree to untrained stimuli and to discourse measures and were generally maintained at follow-up testing.

Conclusions

Data support the utility of a 2nd treatment period. Results are relevant to rehabilitation in chronic aphasia, confirming that significant language gains continue well past the point of spontaneous recovery and can occur in a relatively short time period. Importantly, changes are not confined to a single treatment period, suggesting that people with aphasia may benefit from multiple doses of high-intensity treatment.
Input vulnerability‐aware approximate triple modular redundancy: higher fault coverage, improved search space, and reduced area overhead
Authors: Arifeen Tooba , Hassan Abdus Sami , Moradian Hossein , Lee Jeong A.
Published: June 2018

Area overhead reduction in conventional triple modular redundancy (TMR) by using approximate modules has been proposed in the literature. However, the vulnerability of approximate TMR (ATMR) in the case of a critical input, where faults can lead to errors at the output, is yet to be studied. Here, identifying critical input space through automatic test pattern generation and making it unavailable for the technique of approximating modules of TMR (ATMR) were focused, which involves a prime implicant reduction expansion. The results indicate that the proposed method provides 75–98% fault coverage, which amounts up to 43.8% improvement over that achieved previously. The input vulnerability‐aware approach enables a drastic reduction in search space, ranging from 41.5 to 95.5%, for the selection of candidate ATMR modules and no compromise on the area overhead reduction is noticed.
Understanding the performance of corona aged epoxy nano micro composites
Authors: Desai Belaguppa Manjunath Ashwin , Mishra Palash , Vasa Nilesh J. , Sarathi Ramanujam , Imai Takahiro
Published: June 2018

Corona ageing of the epoxy nanocomposites surface exhibits a high influence on contact angle of the material. A reduction in corona inception voltage due to water droplet, upon corona ageing, is less with epoxy composites, which has Wollastonite as filler followed with nano‐micro silica filler added epoxy composites. Charge accumulation studies indicate that charge retention time drastically reduces with corona aged epoxy composite specimen. Epoxy composites with Wollastonite as filler have shown higher mean charge lifetime. Adoption of laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technique for characterisation of samples is unique. Measure of threshold fluence and plasma temperatures through LIBS studies enables to classify the ageing condition of the composite material. Plasma temperature and threshold fluence are clear indicators to classify different materials. Plasma temperature is also an indicator of the hardness of the material. Epoxy composite with Wollastonite as filler is not affected by laser abrasion, which is in accordance with its superior performance with corona ageing, proving as discharge resistant material.
Preparation of γ‐alumina/silica core–shell abrasives and their chemical mechanical polishing performances on sapphire substrates
Authors: Wang Xin , Lei Hong
Published: June 2018

The chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process has become a widely accepted global planarisation technology. The abrasive is one of the important influencing factors during the CMP process. In this work, γ‐alumina/silica abrasives with a core–shell structure were synthesised. Time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy was used to characterise the composition of the obtained abrasives. The morphology and structure of the abrasives were measured by using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The CMP performances of the γ‐alumina/silica abrasives on sapphire substrates were investigated. Experimental results indicate that the γ‐alumina/silica abrasives exhibit lower surface roughness and higher material removal rate than that of pure silica and γ‐alumina abrasives under the same testing conditions. Furthermore, through the X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy test, this work investigated the chemical effect mechanism of the γ‐alumina/silica core–shell abrasives in sapphire CMP. The results show that solid‐state chemical reactions occur between the silica shell and sapphire surface during the CMP process. The study also established a wear model to investigate the mechanical friction mechanism.
Facile and low‐cost fabrication of uniform silicon micro/nanostructures by nanopitting‐assisted wet chemical etching
Authors: Wang Feng , Jiang Shulan , Han Jinghui , Guo Guangran , Yu Bingjun , Yang Weiqing , Qian Linmao
Published: June 2018

Silicon micro/nanostructures are promising building blocks for high‐performance solar cells, lithium‐ion batteries, sensors and so on. Great challenges like high cost and complex fabrication process still exist for the fabrication of silicon micro/nanostructures, especially for the fabrication of uniformly distributed silicon micro/nanostructures. In this study, the generally unwelcome failure of materials, nanopitting, was introduced and demonstrated to be effective in micro/nanofabrication for the first time. Together with wet chemical etching, uniformly distributed silicon micro/nanostructures were obtained. Ag islands were formed by the nanopitting of chloridion, which will be used as mask and catalyser in the chemical etching process. The silicon micro/nanostructures, especially, uniformly distributed p‐type silicon micro/nanostructures were fabricated with the low‐cost and facile fabrication approach. In addition, the application of the silicon micro/nanostructures was demonstrated as microsupercapacitive electrodes with the integration of MnO2 nanostructures. The results show that the electrochemical performance of silicon micro/nanostructures was much better than that of silicon microstructures. The proposed approach is cost‐effective to fabricate silicon micro/nanostructures, and the silicon micro/nanostructures have great potentials in miniaturised energy storage devices, sensors and photodevices.
The second-closest gamma-ray burst: sub-luminous GRB 111005A with no supernova in a super-solar metallicity environment
Authors: MichałowskI Michał J. , Xu Dong , Stevens Jamie , Levan Andrew , Yang Jun , Paragi Zsolt , Kamble Atish , Tsai An-Li , Dannerbauer Helmut , van der Horst Alexander J. , Shao Lang , Crosby David , Gentile Gianfranco , Stanway Elizabeth , Wiersema Klaas , Fynbo Johan P. U. , Tanvir Nial R. , Kamphuis Peter , Garrett Michael , Bartczak Przemysław
Published: June 2018

We report the detection of the radio afterglow of a long gamma-ray burst (GRB) 111005A at 5-345 GHz, including very long baseline interferometry observations with a positional error of 0.2 mas. The afterglow position is coincident with the disc of a galaxy ESO 58049 at z = 0.01326 (∼1″ from its centre), which makes GRB 111005A the second-closest GRB known to date, after GRB 980425. The radio afterglow of GRB 111005A was an order of magnitude less luminous than those of local low-luminosity GRBs, and obviously less luminous than those of cosmological GRBs. The radio flux was approximately constant and then experienced an unusually rapid decay a month after the GRB explosion. Similarly to only two other GRBs, we did not find the associated supernovae (SNe), despite deep near- and mid-infrared observations 1-9 days after the GRB explosion, reaching ∼20 times fainter than other SNe associated with GRBs. Moreover, we measured a twice-solar metallicity for the GRB location. The low y-ray and radio luminosities, rapid decay, lack of a SN, and super-solar metallicity suggest that GRB 111005A represents a rare class of GRB that is different from typical core-collapse events. We modelled the spectral energy distribution of the GRB 111005A host finding that it is a moderately star-forming dwarf galaxy, similar to the host of GRB 980425. The existence of two local GRBs in such galaxies is still consistent with the hypothesis that the GRB rate is proportional to the cosmic star formation rate (SFR) density, but suggests that the GRB rate is biased towards low SFRs. Using the far-infrared detection of ESO 580-49, we conclude that the hosts of both GRBs 111005A and 980425 exhibit lower dust content than what would be expected from their stellar masses and optical colors.
Particle-in-cell simulations of pair discharges in a starved magnetosphere of a Kerr black hole
Authors: Levinson Amir , Cerutti Benoît
Published: June 2018

We investigate the dynamics and emission of a starved magnetospheric region (gap) formed in the vicinity of a Kerr black hole horizon, using a new, fully general relativistic particle-in-cell code that implements Monte Carlo methods to compute gamma-ray emission and pair production through the interaction of pairs and gamma rays with soft photons emitted by the accretion flow. It is found that when the Thomson length for collision with disk photons exceeds the gap width, screening of the gap occurs through low-amplitude, rapid plasma oscillations that produce self-sustained pair cascades, with quasi-stationary pair and gamma-ray spectra, and with a pair multiplicity that increases in proportion to the pair production opacity. The gamma-ray spectrum emitted from the gap peaks in the TeV band, with a total luminosity that constitutes a fraction of about 10−5 of the corresponding Blandford−Znajek power. This stage is preceded by a prompt discharge phase of duration ∼rg/c, during which the potential energy initially stored in the gap is released as a flare of curvature TeV photons. We speculate that the TeV emission observed in M87 may be produced by pair discharges in a spark gap.
Abundance of zinc in the red giants of Galactic globular cluster 47 Tucanae
Authors: Černiauskas A. , Kučinskas A. , Klevas J. , Bonifacio P. , Ludwig H.-G. , Caffau E. , Steffen M.
Published: June 2018

Aims. We investigate possible relations between the abundances of zinc and the light elements sodium, magnesium, and potassium in the atmospheres of red giant branch (RGB) stars of the Galactic globular cluster 47 Tuc and study connections between the chemical composition and dynamical properties of the cluster RGB stars.

Methods. The abundance of zinc was determined in 27 RGB stars of 47 Tuc using 1D local thermal equilibrium (LTE) synthetic line profile fitting to the high-resolution 2dF/HERMES spectra obtained with the Anglo-Australian Telescope (AAT). Synthetic spectra used in the fitting procedure were computed with the SYNTHE code and 1D ATLAS9 stellar model atmospheres.

Results. The average 1D LTE zinc-to-iron abundance ratio and its RMS variations due to star-to-star abundance spread determined in the sample of 27 RGB stars is 〈[Zn/Fe]〉1D LTE = 0.11 ± 0.09. We did not detect any statistically significant relations between the abundances of zinc and those of light elements. Neither did we find any significant correlation or anticorrelation between the zinc abundance in individual stars and their projected distance from the cluster center. Finally, no statistically significant relation between the absolute radial velocities of individual stars and the abundance of zinc in their atmospheres was detected. The obtained average [Zn/Fe]1DLTE ratio agrees well with those determined in this cluster in earlier studies and nearly coincides with that of Galactic field stars at this metallicity. All these results suggest that nucleosynthesis of zinc and light elements proceeded in separate, unrelated pathways in 47 Tuc.
Neurobiological studies within the framework of highly technological teaching
Authors: Ababkova Marianna , Leontyeva Veronica
Published: June 2018

Modern highly technological teaching widely uses neurotechnologies related to creating new educational products, expanding the content of education and establishing objective feedback with students. One of the most promising neurotechnologies in the sphere of education is the method of biological feedback (BFB) based on studying the current psychophysiological state of students and using this information for further correction of the educational process, improving its quality and efficiency. This article presents the results of the studies based on the method of biological feedback to investigate the influence of the form of presentation of the educational material on the current psychophysiological state of students. During the BFB-studies, we used the PEN method developed by Hans and Sybil Eysenck to form focus groups of students and the CMS method to process the results of the studies. The research resulted in quantitative values of parameters of the current psychophysiological state of students reflecting the degree of intensity of such properties as the general adaptive resource, the degree of mobility (instability) of psychological processes, neuroticity, psychic productivity etc. (a total of 19 parameters).The study’s results based on the biological feedback method showed that studying educational materials that are different in form influences the parameters of the current psychophysiological state of students. The indicators of reserve of control of psychological activity, regulating and adapting the psychological sphere, as well as the indicators of reserve of syndromologicaladaptiveness of the current state if students study the textual material on their own, will improve as compared to studying graphical material only. Different types of educational material can cause anxiety and increased apprehension, with textual material contributing the least to these effects.
Digital economy and the models of income distribution in the society
Authors: Akaev Askar , Rudskoi Andrew , Devezas Tessaleno
Published: June 2018

Digital technologies, robotic automation and artificial intelligence are becoming the main drivers of technological and economic development. In this regard, it is quite natural that the demand for justification of such threats for the employment market appears, and also the question arises whether it is possible to foresee and analyze the level of inequality and distribution of income in the society where the proportion of artificial intellectual systems in creating new costs will be exceptionally large.
Digital transformation and optimization models in the sphere of logistics
Authors: Anisimov Vladimir , Anisimov Evgenii , Saurenko Tatiana , Smolenskiy Artem , Yastrebov Oleg
Published: June 2018

The efficiency, optimization, speed and time limits have always been of crucial importance for the logistics system, while saving of speed and time in the real-time mode are the key factors with transition to digital technologies and establishment of Industry 4.0 since they become the competitive advantages. The innovative use of technologies in such fields as data analysis, Internet of things and cloud calculations significantly change the logistical and transportation systems as a result of mating digital and existing supply chains becoming the catalyst of transition to “Logistika 4.0”. This work offers a model and method of shaping an optimal plan of fulfilling a complex of interrelated logistical operations for such changing conditions.The model is based on the presentation of optimization procedure as a non-linear task of discrete programming consisting in minimization of time of fulfilling the above complex of operations by a limited number of contractors partially interchangeable under conditions of limited budgeting. A model obtained thereat for establishing an optimal plan will belong to the class of nonpolynimially challenging tasks. In order to solve these tasks, a method has been suggested supported by a procedure of branches and boundaries. Thealgorithmisbasedon dichotomous branchingdiagram. Itsapplicationprovidesforreceivingboth quasi-optimalandoptimallogisticsplansfor the finite number of steps. Atthat, theassessmentofaccuracy is provided for quasi-optimal plans. The proposed model and method help solve a wide spectrum of practical tasks of logistical planning under conditions of digital transformation.
Industrial Internet in the concept “Industry 4.0”: world experience and perspectives of development in the conditions of Russian economy
Authors: Asaturova Julia , Mikhailova Anna
Published: June 2018

At present, the world economy is at the stage of formation of the fourth industrial revolution, which is called to raise the industry to a new qualitative level. In this article we contemplated the history and prerequisites of the industrial revolution, defined its basic features and the most progressive technologies. We analyzed the particular features of development of the industrial revolution in Russia and abroad. We inspected the experience of foreign countries in implementing state programs in the sphere “Industry 4.0”. We investigated the concept of the Industrial Internet as a basis for developing of a new wave of the industrial revolution. We studied its main advantages, its influence on the world economy and the anticipated consequences. We investigated the factors hindering the implementation of the project related to the Industrial Internet in Russia. We formulated the primary tasks and evaluated the perspectives for development of the industrial Internet in the Russian economy.
Extracting features from laser scanning point cloud
Authors: Badenko Vladimir , Fedotov Alexander , Zotov Dmitry
Published: June 2018

Analyses of gaps in processing of raw laser scanning data and results of bridging the gaps discovered on the basis of usage of laser scanning data for historic building information modelling are presented. Some results of the development of a unified hybrid technology for the processing, storage, access and visualization of combined laser scanning and photography data about historical buildings are analyzed. The first result of the technology application to historical building of St. Petersburg Polytechnic University shows the robustness of the approaches proposed.
Informational technologies and the prospects of personalization of food rations
Authors: Barsukova Natalia , Moskvicheva Elena , Timoshenkova Irina , Tsopa Evgeny
Published: June 2018

Among the main markets of the national technological initiative there is the platform of developing competitive projects of the food industry – FoodNet. The promising line of the market development is transition to personalized nutrition which takes into account a person’s genetic traits, his or her physiological and biomedical needs and creation of digital platforms for its implementation. In the context of constant growth of the number of diagnosable genetic diseases, including alimentary-dependent ones, such an approach is very modern. Medical technological scheme of constructing personalized products is presented in the article and also its implementation as exemplified by gluten-free flour confectionery articles is considered. A program module for automatic calculation of the characteristics of developed products was realized on the basis of the suggested scheme and it represents a client-server application. The optimal parameters for the biscuit manufacturing technology were set on the basis of the program module operation which allows obtaining products for special use and enriched with mineral substances.
Business model of construction organization management under conditions of new industrial basis
Authors: Belova Nadezhda , Sbitneva Diana
Published: June 2018

The article gives consideration to modern trends of a new economical epoch, which results in transformations under conditions of running industrial and economic activity. In view of this fact substantiation has been provided on the necessity of changing principles of organizations’ structure and functionality for successful long-standing development thereof. The authors pay special attention to the relevancy of suchlike changes in the sphere of construction production, since “new” is adopted comparatively slower there than in the other branches of industry. As a result, the investigations of indicators of a new industrial base in construction are distinguished by the authors and the characteristic features of building business model of construction organization management are described. The article provides a conclusion that the application of business model of construction organization management under consideration in conditions of new industrial base will help construction organizations to adapt its business system and strategy to modern transformations of industrial and economic sphere, select innovations and develop business processes, which will most fully implement goals of organizations proper and satisfy demands of their key partners.
Formation of a given variable structure in detail by means of selective laser melting technology
Authors: Borisov Evgeny , Masailo Dmitry , Polozov Igor , Popovich Vera
Published: June 2018

The issue for creation of products with functional properties adapted to working conditions is currently vital. The possibility of creating local areas with a specified microstructure and properties in the product is of special interest. This work covers the performed study of the structure and properties of the heat-resistant nickel alloy Inconel 718, depending on the process parameters used. The possibility for combination of different process modes during manufacture of one product to obtain its variable structure is shown. The specimens with areas of small equiaxed and large elongated grains were studied. The carried out EBSD analysis showed that the local change in the size and morphology of the material grain is possible by changing the layer thickness and process parameters of the selective laser melting process. It is shown that after the heat treatment and hot isostatic pressing, the differences in the structure and mechanical properties between the areas remain.
New approaches to designing parts for digital additive production
Authors: Borisov Evgeny , Orlov Alexei , Razumov Nikolai
Published: June 2018

In accordance with a concept of additive technologies there occurs a necessity of applying new approaches to designing parts. One of the main tools to be operated is a numerical simulation, capable of providing a designer with the complex approach to the development of new articles in case of finesse. A preliminary simulation model of structurally-gradient materials in the software package ANSYS has been created in this work for predicting mechanical characteristics of compact samples of materials and structures. It provides the results of tensile calculations of stress strain behavior of samples obtained by finite-element simulation, as well as gives comparison thereof with the test data obtained after manufacturing using a method of selective laser melting.
Parametric design as information modeling tool in dynamic architecture
Authors: Bukunova Olga , Shumilov Konstantin
Published: June 2018

Dynamic architecture is a separate upcoming trend in educational process. The article gives examples of parametric software languages development built into graphic packages. The implementation is carried out within the framework of improving the educational process of training specialists in the construction profile with the aim of implementing the program of the digital economy and information modeling technology in construction. Visual programming allows you to create programs without directly writing code by means of graphical objects manipulation. At present, parametric design can be referred to a young and rapidly developing sphere. Essential condition for its further development is availability of trained specialists of respective qualification.
Model of the omni-channel Interaction in the Web 4.0 environment
Authors: Chernikova Anna , Krasnov Sergey , Sergeyev Sergey
Published: June 2018

The practical implementation of the concept “Industry 4.0” entirely depends on the level of coordination between businesses, organizations and the entire group of consumers. The dominating comprehension of such interaction as a net of complex topology where nodes act as objects that have an interface a surface for contacts, results in a neuro-net-concept or the Web 4.0. Within the framework of the Russian national program “National Technological Initiative”, the development of this direction is considered as one of the main priorities. The quality of implementation of the system interaction in this paradigm is greatly influenced by algorithms used in the cloud servers of the nodes included into the structure of the Web 4.0. Besides, operation of businesses in the conditions of global markets will take place in the situation of strict competition and solutions forming the basis of the software have to be based on the scientific approach with the use of the methods of optimization and mathematical models. As the competition in the commercial sphere turned into the contest between the economic efficiency of on-line platforms, this work proposes a particular implementation of the algorithm of omni-channel interaction formed on the basis of a mathematical model.
Graphic programming by elements of nonstandard structural forms
Authors: Chugreyev Vsevolod , Kaikov Vadim , Kapitonova Tatiana
Published: June 2018

The article describes one of the variants for solving the actual practical problem on information building modeling with application of several computer programs. The authors showed the relationship between graphic programming and model parameterization using specifications. The main purpose of the work was to show the algorithm for designing an architectural and construction object from the choice of the conceptual form to obtaining the information required for the industrial production of parts. The authors note the importance of studying similar problems in the framework of training courses of architecture and civil engineering universities.
Modern-day Russia and the problems of the “silver” generation in the digital millennium
Authors: Desfonteines Larisa , Korchagina Elena
Published: June 2018

An important peculiarity of the future economy is principal change in the labor market structure determined by demographic factors one of which is significant increase of pension aged population. This age group becomes the key potential resource of increasing the number of employed people in all the developed and in some developing countries. Population with graying hair becomes a powerful resource for development of economy of a new type which has received a poetic name – “silver” economy. Studying the problems and prospects of developing the “silver” economy is one of the most actual scientific tasks of the modern time. The second important tendency of the modern era is vigorous development of technologies and transition to digital economy. Successful involvement in the changing labor market requires confident mastering of modern informational communicational technologies. However, this task is a certain challenge for representatives of the “silver generation”. A review of foreign studies on the problems of the influence of demographic changes at the labor market of developed countries on the structure and quality of labor force is represented in the article; a dynamics of using modern digital technologies by representatives of the “silver generation” is described; the instruments of stimulating the use of modern information technologies in older age groups are distinguished. The analysis of demographic tendencies in Russia is conducted; the necessity of involving employable representatives of older age groups in the labor market is justified. On the basis of the empirical study undertaken by the authors, the peculiarities of value orientations at work places of representatives of different age groups are distinguished and characterized, and also key psychological characteristics of representatives of the elder generations of employees as members of work collectives are described.
Labor management and social and labor relations in the digital economy
Authors: Desyatko Dmitry , Genkin Boris , Rapgof Viktoriya
Published: June 2018

Social partnership is the most important type of social and labor relations in the modern economy, which is based on the active participation of trade unions in the enterprises management, payroll rate determination, and improvement of its conditions. In addition, in the framework of the conditions of extensive application of digital technologies the employees being outside the premises of the employer’s organization began to perform a significant part of the functions of many organizations, and for a certain category of employees, the possibility of their replacement with intelligent machine systems will become the reality in the near future. The paper shows that one of the optimality criteria for the parameters of the social system is the country’s living standards. The proposed criterion takes into account GDP per capita, the Gini ratio and the crime rate. The paper also shows that in the digital economy one of the main factors of the living standards growth is the application of new scientific results. The specific measures are proposed to create new forms of social and labor relations in the digital economy.
On the way to driverless road-train: Digital technologies in modeling of movement, calculation and design of a road-train with hybrid propulsion unit
Authors: Dobretsov Roman , Gubachev Matvey , Naletov Ivan , Vasiliev Alexey
Published: June 2018

Today, road-trains are one of the most widely-spread and multi-tonnage transport vehicles on road arteries interconnecting countries and cities. The concept of hybrid road-trains mostly meets the widely-spread policy for stepping up the rates of exhaust gas emissions and reducing specific hydrocarbon fuel costs but only an intermediate link in the development of more significant and important design – a driverless road-train. This article considers active trailers and their models with different design options for heavy tractor truck propulsion unit drive. The influence of trailer link drive on turning has been studied in “Universal gear” software. Special attention has been given to an electrical drive of active semi-trailer wheels as the most advanced one at the present moment. We have obtained the data intended to be used in design of active trailer chassis and identified the weight and size characteristics of energy accumulators required for movement of a road-train with active trailer. The efficiency factor for different semitrailer drives has been analyzed and calculated, in particular: Low EF of electrical drive. The relevancy of active trailer concept including that for driverless road-trains has been determined on the basis of received data.
World practice and Russian experience of housing and utilities sector digitization
Authors: Drozdova Irina , Petrov Aleksandr
Published: June 2018

The housing and utilities infrastructure is a socially significant branch of economy for life support of population and satisfactory of their demands for adequate housing and utilities services. Implementation of digital technologies in the housing and utilities infrastructure is justified under the program “Digital economy of the Russian Federation” and the concept “Russian smart cities”. It was found out that using the technology of Internet of Things in the housing and utilities infrastructure allows to increase efficiency of business-process, reduce costs for maintenance and operation of housing facilities, and to optimize the payment system of the housing and utilities services. It is established that the driver for development of housing and utilities infrastructure digitization shall be implementation of intelligent devices for metering all types of resources and power consumption in dwelling houses which will be gradually unified in the intelligence system of settlement for recourses consumption based on SIM-cards.
Information technologies and construction sector: Why construction loses competition for innovations to other industries?
Authors: Faltinsky Rudolf , Tokunova Galina
Published: June 2018

Over the last 10 years investments into innovation made at the beginning of 2000s resulted in significant growth not only in separate industries but in global economy as a whole. The development of digital technologies significantly reduced the costs of advance technologies, which made them affordable to a wide range of consumers. Using new tools and methods for interaction of social and economic subjects became a real accelerator of rapid growth for some industries such as media, information and communication technologies or finances. However, no significant innovative changes occur in the construction sector despite a generally acknowledged important role in the economy of both separate countries and in global economic processes. The article considers the factors that have an effect on the digital transformation of construction industry, the peculiarities and problems of this process.