bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of the internal control system in income tax departments on income tax revenues from the perspective of workers in the income tax departments
Authors: Dwikat Anwar , M. Tanbour Kayed , Althaher Mofeed , Sabbah Rasha , Halawa Shady
Published: July 2023

The study aimed to identify the impact of the internal control system on income tax departments and their revenues. A purposive sample was employed. The sample consisted of (46) employees from the regional offices in the governorates of Nablus, Tulkarem and Jenin. Descriptive approach has been implemented in order to achieve the objectives of the study. In addition, a questionnaire was developed to fit the purpose study. The results indicated that there was high impact of the control environment variables, control activities, and control on income tax revenues. This comes in terms of the overall arithmetic mean of 4.07 and the overall standard deviation of 0.80 .The study recommended that the Ministry of Finance should pay more attention to the internal control system in the income tax departments through meetings with the directors of the regional income tax offices, thus to enable them to identify, and discuss their practical problems, to come up with suggestion for appropriate remedies and solutions. Moreover, the Ministry of Finance and the General Administration of Income Tax need to apply more improvements and developments on the influential factors that affect the regulatory environment of control.
Computational linguistics and its impact on the development of Arabic language: Phonetics as a model
Authors: Abu Assi Adel
Published: July 2023

The study of Arabic language using computational linguistics is one of the latest linguistic trends in contemporary Arabic linguistics. It emerged as a result of the current explosion of knowledge and technology. Arabic is a living language that is coping with this development. Arabic Computational Linguistics aims to convert the skills and sciences of Arabic language from traditional paper space to the Computational side. This research defines Computational Linguistics and reality of the Arabic Computational Linguistics and the ways to improve it. The application adopted will be through Phonetics. The suggested model for the Computational treatment is (consonants and vowels). This research also aims to show the significance of Computational Linguistics to serve Arabic language.
La participación de Isabel la Católica en la confección de joyas y objetos preciosos en los Libros de Cuentas de Sancho de Paredes
Authors: Escalera Fernández Isabel
Published: July 2023

La monarquía castellana bajomedieval elaboró una suerte de orden simbólico donde los objetos se convirtieron en parte de un ritual que tenía como finalidad subrayar la magnificencia del monarca. La reina Isabel I de Castilla fue consciente de la importancia de estos objetos y del significado que podían contener, por lo que se preocupó desde el primer momento de su elaboración. Tanto las joyas como los objetos preciosos estaban imbuidos de significados políticos, económicos y personales adecuándose a las necesidades y preferencias de su poseedor. Sin duda, Isabel la Católica conocía las posibilidades de estas piezas y así se demuestra en los Libros de Cuentas de Sancho de Paredes, pudiendo observar gracias a las descripciones la participación de la reina en sus alhajas.
Analisis Partisipasi Pemilih Pemula dalam Melaksanakan Pemilihan Umum Bupati Kerinci di Desa Agung Koto Iman
Authors: Aprianti Nora
Published: July 2023

Pemilih pemula merupakan subjek dan objek dalam kegiatan politik, dalam kegiatan politik termasuk di dalamnya adanya kegiatan pemilihan umum kepala daerah. Pemilih pemula sebagai objek dalam kegiatan politik, yaitu mereka yang masih memerlukan pembinaan dalam orientasi ke arah pertumbuhan potensi dan kemampuan ke depan dapat berperan dalam bidang politik. Begitu juga partisipasi pemilih pemula khususnya di desa agung koto iman dalam pemilihan bupati Kerinci membutuhkan pendidikan politik agar dapat berpartisipasi dengan baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana  partisipasi pemilih pemula di desa agung koto iman dalam pemilihan Bupati kerinci. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kualitatif yang mana nantinya akan menggambarkan tentang partisipasi pemilih pemula di desa gung koto iman. Dalam penelitan ini sampel nya terdiri dari 3 orang yang mana teknik pengambilan sampel nya mengunakan teknik Snowball sampling.
Analisis Pengaruh Tata Ruang Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai pada Dinas Pendapatan Pengelolaan Keuangan dan Aset (DPPKA) Daerah Kabupaten Kerinci
Authors: Suryani Ade Irma
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh, besar pengaruh Tata Ruang terhadap Kinerja Pegawai pada Dinas Pendapatan Pengelolaan Keuangan Dan Aset Daerah Kabupaten Kerinci (DPPKA) Kerinci. Rumusan masalah yang diajukan yaitu apakah terdapat pengaruh Tata Ruang terhadap kinerja pegawai dan berapa besarkan pengaruh tatruang terhadap kinerja pegawai pada Dinas Pendapatan Pengelolaan Keuangan Dan Aset Daerah Kabupaten Kerinci (DPPKA) Kerinci. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diketahui signifikansi t hitung lebih besar dari 5% (0172 > 0,05), menunjukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh tapi tidak signifikans antara tataruang terhadap kinerja Pegawai pada Dinas Pendapatan Pengelolaan Keuangan Dan Aset Daerah Kabupaten Kerinci (DPPKA) Kerinci, Besarnya pengaruh Tata Ruang terhadap Kinerja Pegawai berdasarkan hasil analisis, nilai R Square 0,034. Yang berarti bahwa besarnya pengaruh tataruang terhadap kinerja pegawai pada Dinas Pendapatan Pengelolaan Keuangan Dan Aset Daerah Kabupaten Kerinci (DPPKA) Kerinci sebesar 3,4%, sementara itu selebihnya 96,4% dipengaruhi oleh variable-variabel lain yang tidak dihitung dalam penelitian ini.
La prise de décision en entrepreneuriat responsable : une approche axiologique
Authors: Pepin Matthias , Tremblay Maripier , Audebrand Luc K.
Published: July 2023

Plusieurs écrits contemporains suggèrent que les valeurs personnelles jouent un rôle prépondérant dans les processus décisionnels en entrepreneuriat responsable, c’est-à-dire lié au développement durable. Mais quelles sont ces valeurs ? Et quel rôle jouent-elles dans les décisions des entrepreneurs ? En s’appuyant sur la sociologie axiologique de Nathalie Heinich, la présente recherche conçoit les valeurs comme des principes qui permettent de poser des jugements et, en définitive, de faire des choix. Dans cette étude de cas multiples, six entrepreneurs engagés dans une démarche de création d’entreprise responsable ont été interviewés et invités à parler de l’évolution de leur entreprise et des grandes décisions qui ont marqué son évolution. Les entrevues ont été analysées en profondeur pour 1) faire ressortir la logique axiologique de chaque cas, soit les principales valeurs qui sous-tendent les décisions prises et 2) identifier les valeurs récurrentes entre les différents cas afin d’esquisser une « grammaire axiologique » propre à l’entrepreneuriat responsable. Cette recherche propose une opérationnalisation méthodologique de la conception sociologique de la valeur d’Heinich dans le domaine de l’entrepreneuriat.
Les trajectoires d’adoption des pratiques RSE par les PME du secteur hôtelier1
Authors: Bensouna Ilham , Thévenard-Puthod Catherine
Published: July 2023

Le développement d’une démarche responsable s’accompagne de défis particuliers pour les PME. Les recherches portant sur la responsabilité sociétale des entreprises (RSE) ont donc donné lieu à une importante documentation sur les potentiels leviers et les freins à l’adoption de telles pratiques. Toutefois, le processus d’adoption de la RSE reste à ce jour relativement peu renseigné. En conséquence, cette recherche a pour objectif d’identifier les trajectoires suivies par les PME lors de l’adoption de pratiques RSE et de comprendre quels sont les déterminants internes et externes à l’origine de ces différences de trajectoires. En nous fondant sur l’étude de quatorze PME hôtelières, nous mettons en lumière l’existence de quatre trajectoires types d’adoption de pratiques RSE. Nous mettons également en avant le rôle des facteurs internes dans l’adoption d’une démarche RSE, ainsi que l’existence de leviers et freins différents pouvant expliquer l’adoption de trajectoires distinctes.
Le processus administratif de production des aides humaines
Authors: Desjeux Cyril
Published: July 2023

La Prestation de Compensation du Handicap (PCH) aide humaine en France a posé, et peut encore poser, des difficultés pour garantir l’effectivité de ce droit. Pour analyser ces difficultés, l’article repose sur des travaux réalisés depuis 2015 sur l’aide humaine, les Maisons Départementales des Personnes Handicapées (MDPH) et les handicaps liés à des altérations des fonctions mentales, psychiques et/ou cognitives. À partir du processus d’élaboration et de mise en oeuvre du plan d’aide humaine, l’enjeu de cet article est de décrire les obstacles et les facteurs pouvant faciliter la prise en compte de l’environnement dans la situation de handicap de la personne. Nous verrons ainsi que la prise en compte des facteurs environnementaux s’inscrit dans une chaine de réponses caractérisées par une densité de contraintes importantes.
Nurses and Unlicensed Assistive Personnel's Practices in Caring for Patients With Delirium in Acute Care Settings: Protocol for the PRACTICE Study
Authors: Mailhot Tanya , Crump Laura , Leblanc Marie-Eve , Sanzone Lia , Alfonso Linda Victoria , Laughrea Elisabeth , Oliver Catherine , Bitzas Vasiliki , Clausen Christina , Lavoie Patrick
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Few studies have investigated nursing practice in relation to delirium in acute care settings, and no studies have investigated the care of unlicensed assistive personnel (UAPs) in this context. As a result, it becomes challenging to support the delivery of optimal care and thereby improve delirium-related patient outcomes.

Objective: This manuscript reports on the development of two survey tools and a study protocol that aims to (1) describe the current practices of nurses and UAPs in the context of nursing care in delirium and to (2) highlight the barriers and facilitators to the delivery of optimal delirium care.

Methods: This multi-method study aims to recruit nurses and UAPs. During an initial quantitative phase, participants will answer two survey tools designed respectively for nurses and UAPs. These tools were developed using a modified Delphi technique and a guide based on Burns et al. (2008) and Eysenbach (2004). They examine delirium knowledge, practice, collaboration, confidence, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on practice relatively to delirium. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses will be performed on this data. The qualitative phase will include focus groups and interviews with nurses and UAPs to explore topics from the survey tools more in-depth. Thematic analysis will be performed on the transcripts. Data from both phases will answer the two study aims.

Discussion and Research Spin-offs: This study will be the first to report on the delirium care offered by UAPs. The survey tools developed can identify nurses’ and UAPs’ practices, and the barriers and facilitators to optimum nursing care for people with delirium.
Resisting “Liberal Values”
Authors: Shevtsova Maryna
Published: July 2023

During the previous decade (2012–2021), in Ukraine, political pressure from the European Union combined with the efforts of the local civil society resulted in the adoption of legislation to prevent and eliminate discrimination, protect women from domestic violence, and promote LGBT people’s rights. Nevertheless, these changes were met by the opposition from various conservative and religious groups that have, over time, become more sophisticated in their resistance strategies. The present article applies the concept of heteroactivism to examine the role of women within such groups in Ukraine. It argues that Ukrainian heteroactivism is a product of the “clash of values” largely influenced by the geopolitical position of Ukraine and its historical and cultural context. Studying the cases of the Sisterhood of St. Olga, the Association of Sexologists and Sexual Therapists of Ukraine (ASSU), and several prominent scholarly figures, the article identifies the mobilization frames these activists use, specifically, Women as Wives and Mothers, Protection of Family and Minors, and Religion (heteroactivism as martyrdom). This study shows that in attempts to influence national policymaking, Ukrainian women heteroactivists set rigid standards of “proper” Ukrainian femininity and the role of women (that of a mother and wife staying outside of politics) within a “proper” Ukrainian family, which must be heterosexual, Christian, and monogamous.
Epigenetically distinct synaptic architecture in clonal compartments in the teleostean dorsal pallium
Authors: Isoe Yasuko , Nakamura Ryohei , Nonaka Shigenori , Kamei Yasuhiro , Okuyama Teruhiro , Yamamoto Naoyuki , Takeuchi Hideaki , Takeda Hiroyuki
Published: July 2023

The dorsal telencephalon (i.e. the pallium) exhibits high anatomical diversity across vertebrate classes. The non-mammalian dorsal pallium accommodates various compartmentalized structures among species. The developmental, functional, and evolutional diversity of the dorsal pallium remain unillustrated. Here, we analyzed the structure and epigenetic landscapes of cell lineages in the telencephalon of medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) that possesses a clearly delineated dorsal pallium (Dd2). We found that pallial anatomical regions, including Dd2, are formed by mutually exclusive clonal units, and that each pallium compartment exhibits a distinct epigenetic landscape. In particular, Dd2 possesses a unique open chromatin pattern that preferentially targets synaptic genes. Indeed, Dd2 shows a high density of synapses. Finally, we identified several transcription factors as candidate regulators. Taken together, we suggest that cell lineages are the basic components for the functional regionalization in the pallial anatomical compartments and that their changes have been the driving force for evolutionary diversity.
What happens to the inhibitory control functions of the right inferior frontal cortex when this area is dominant for language?
Authors: Villar-Rodríguez Esteban , Cano-Melle Cristina , Marin-Marin Lidón , Parcet Maria Antònia , Avila César
Published: July 2023

A low number of individuals show an atypical brain control of language functions that differs from the typical lateralization in the left cerebral hemisphere. In these cases, the neural distribution of other cognitive functions is not fully understood. Although there is a bias towards a mirrored brain organization consistent with the Causal hypothesis, some individuals are found to be exceptions to this rule. However, no study has focused on what happens to the homologous language areas in the right frontal inferior cortex. Using an fMRI-adapted stop-signal task in a healthy non right-handed sample (50 typically lateralized and 36 atypically lateralized for language production), our results show that atypical lateralization is associated with a mirrored brain organization of the inhibitory control network in the left hemisphere: inferior frontal cortex, presupplementary motor area, and subthalamic nucleus. However, the individual analyses revealed a large number of cases with a noteworthy overlap in the inferior frontal gyrus, which shared both inhibitory and language functions. Further analyses showed that atypical lateralization was associated with stronger functional interhemispheric connectivity and larger corpus callosum. Importantly, we did not find task performance differences as a function of lateralization, but there was an association between atypical dominance in the inferior frontal cortex and higher scores on schizotypy and autistic spectrum traits, as well as worse performance on a reading accuracy test. Together, these results partially support the Causal hypothesis of hemispheric specialization and provide further evidence of the link between atypical hemispheric lateralization and increased interhemispheric transfer through the corpus callosum.
The Na+ leak channel NALCN controls spontaneous activity and mediates synaptic modulation by α2-adrenergic receptors in auditory neurons
Authors: Ngodup Tenzin , Irie Tomohiko , Elkins Sean , Trussell Laurence O.
Published: July 2023

Cartwheel interneurons of the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) potently suppress multisensory signals that converge with primary auditory afferent input, and thus regulate auditory processing. Noradrenergic fibers from locus coeruleus project to the DCN, and α2-adrenergic receptors inhibit spontaneous spike activity but simultaneously enhance synaptic strength in cartwheel cells, a dual effect leading to enhanced signal-to-noise for inhibition. However, the ionic mechanism of this striking modulation is unknown. We generated a glycinergic neuron-specific knockout of the Na
+
leak channel NALCN, and found that its presence was required for spontaneous firing in cartwheel cells. Activation of α2-adrenergic receptors inhibited both NALCN and spike generation, and this modulation was absent in the NALCN knockout. Moreover, α2-dependent enhancement of synaptic strength was also absent in the knockout. GABA
B
receptors mediated inhibition through NALCN as well, acting on the same population of channels as α2 receptors, suggesting close apposition of both receptor subtypes with NALCN. Thus, multiple neuromodulatory systems determine the impact of synaptic inhibition by suppressing the excitatory leak channel, NALCN.
Deciphering the genetic interactions between Pou4f3, Gfi1 and Rbm24 in maintaining cochlear hair cell survival
Authors: Wang Guangqin , Gu Yunpeng , Liu Zhiyong
Published: July 2023

Mammals have limited sound receptor hair cells (HCs) that cannot be regenerated after damage. Thus, investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying how to maintain HC survival is crucial to prevent hearing impairment. The

Pou4f3
-/-

or

Gfi1
-/-

HCs initially form but rapidly degenerate, whereas

Rbm24
-/-

HCs degenerate much later. It remains elusive about the transcriptional cascades among Pou4f3, Gfi1 and Rbm24. Here, we demonstrate that
Rbm24
expression is completely repressed in

Pou4f3
-/-

HCs, but its expression is not altered in

Gfi1
-/-

HCs. Moreover, both Pou4f3 and Gfi1 expressions are intact in

Rbm24
-/-

HCs. Moreover, by the
in vivo
mouse transgenic reporter assays, we identify three
Rbm24
enhancers to which Pou4f3 binds. Finally, we test whether Rbm24 restoration can alleviate degeneration of

Pou4f3
-/-

HCs. Our
in vivo
genetic assay shows that ectopic Rbm24 alone is unable to stop

Pou4f3
-/-

HCs from undergoing degeneration. Collectively, our study provides new molecular and genetic insights into how HC survival is regulated.
Bayesian network model structure based on binary evolutionary algorithm
Authors: Yao Yongna
Published: July 2023

With the continuous development of new technologies, the scale of training data is also expanding. Machine learning algorithms are gradually beginning to be studied and applied in places where the scale of data is relatively large. Because the current structure of learning algorithms only focus on the identification of dependencies and ignores the direction of dependencies, it causes multiple labeled samples not to identify categories. Multiple labels need to be classified using techniques such as machine learning and then applied to solve the problem. In the environment of more training data, it is very meaningful to explore the structure extension to identify the dependencies between attributes and take into account the direction of dependencies. In this article, Bayesian network structure learning, analysis of the shortcomings of traditional algorithms, and binary evolutionary algorithm are applied to the randomized algorithm to generate the initial population. In the optimization process of the algorithm, it uses a Bayesian network to do a local search and uses a depth-first algorithm to break the loop. Finally, it finds a higher score for the network structure. In the simulation experiment, the classic data sets, ALARM and INSURANCE, are introduced to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm. Compared with NOTEARS and the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm, the weight evaluation index of this article was 4.5% and 7.3% better than other schemes. The clustering effect was improved by 13.5% and 15.2%. The smallest error and the highest accuracy are also better than other schemes. The discussion of Bayesian reasoning in this article has very important theoretical and practical significance. This article further improves the Bayesian network structure and optimizes the performance of the classifier, which plays a very important role in promoting the expansion of the network structure and provides innovative thinking.
FELICIDAD Y AUTENTICIDAD: UN ANÁLISIS A TRAVÉS DE LA IDEOLOGÍA CAPITALISTA
Authors:   Universidad de Heidelberg, Pastén Cristina
Published: July 2023

Mi propósito es realizar un análisis de la relación entre los conceptos de felicidad y autenticidad. En este análisis establezco una conexión entre ambos, de tal manera que, para ser feliz, hay que ser auténticos; cosa que lleva a que la autenticidad sea el camino de la felicidad. Para que esto se cumpla, es menester que la felicidad tenga un significado profundamente individualista, cosa que no es evidente, sino que es parte del discurso hegemónico actual, es decir, de la ideología capitalista. Para argumentar esto, analizo el concepto de ideología capitalista y, además, menciono algunos de los conceptos de felicidad de antaño y los contrasto con la idea sobre la felicidad que plantea la psicología positiva actual. La conclusión de este trabajo consiste en que no sólo la felicidad actual es parte de la ideología capitalista, sino también la autenticidad como camino para ella. Esto conduce a que la autenticidad individual sea una forma de fortalecer el discurso dominante y se aleje de cualquier sentido rupturista. Las consideraciones finales consisten en cuestionar el concepto de felicidad de la psicología positiva y plantear la necesidad de buscar caminos alternativos fuera de la ideología capitalista.
Studies on the Preparation and Shelf Life of Aloe Vera Juice
Authors: Hasan Md. Mehedi , Khan Md. Momin , Jony Md. Entaduzzaman , Akter Farzana , Alim Md. Abdul
Published: July 2023

The study was carried out for the preparation of aloe vera juice. Four different formulations of juices were prepared. The products were analyzed for their storage studies, microbiological study and sensory evaluation. The storage studies were done at room temperature (28-30ºC) and refrigeration temperature (4-6 ºC) at 7-, 15-, 30- and 45-days interval. At room temperature it was observed that pH and TSS was increased, pH changed ranging at 0.12-0.23%. The acidity of the sample was decreased during with increasing this storage period. It was observed that vit-C degradation occurred in all sample at room temperature storage. The sample containing 35% water + 300 PPM KMS (sample B) lost highest amount of vit-C compare to others sample. All the samples preserved with KMS were found good in their color, flavor, sourness and sweetness but sedimentation was observed after 30 days of storage. The highest sedimentation was observed in the juice containing highest amount of aloe vera juice. The rate of sedimentation increased with increasing the storage period. At both storage conditions the fugal growth was visible after 30 days. The microbiological analysis after 45 day of storage period showed that the total viable count (Bacteria) was less in the sample containing 30% water + 200 PPM KMS (sample A) in comparison to another sample containing 35% water + 300 PPM KMS (sample B), 30% water + 300 PPM KMS (sample C) and 35% water + 200 PPM KMS (sample D). The sensory attributes of aloe vera juices were evaluated and found the sample A and sample C obtained highest color, flavor and overall acceptability.
Studies on Marketing of Selective Herbicide in Kurukshetra District of Haryana, India
Authors: Maurya Mohit Kumar , Nishad Guddu , Soni Saurabh
Published: July 2023

An herbicide is a type of pesticide used to control or eliminate unwanted plants, commonly known as weeds. Antibiotics work by interfering with various physiological processes in plants, including photosynthesis, cellular respiration, and cell division. One of the main benefits of herbicides is their impact on weed control and crop yield. Calaris Xtra's business in the Kurukshetra district of Haryana includes two business channels where channel 2 (manufacturer-product-retailer-consumer) precedes channel 1 (manufacturing wholesaler-consumer). Finally, the price of Calaris will provide customers with an additional profit of Rs. 1300/700ml bottle. Finally, channel 1's total business profit is Rs 250, business price is Rs 54 and business efficiency is 4.27%. Channel I's spread is Rs 104, channel 2's total market cap is Rs 71 and channel 2's total market cap is Rs. 283 business efficiency is 3.89% with a spread of Rs 184 on channel 2. The limiting factor in the Calaris Xtra herbicide business is the high shipping cost, with 30 respondents responding to level 1, followed by storage issues, 20 responding as level II, followed by storage issues 18 high value participants, level III; followed by famine. level IV with 16 market participants; slow sales followed, with 11 participants responding to grade V; price volatility comes next and 5 participants answer level VI.
New Approaches for Solving Interpolation Problems and Homogeneous Linear Recurrence Relations
Authors: Sá Lucas S. C. de , Spreafico E. V. Pereira
Published: July 2023

This article presents a new approach to address the resolution of homogeneous linear recurrences of higher order and interpolation problems. By establishing an explicit formula for the entries of the inverse of generalized Vandermonde matrices, a fresh perspective on these mathematical challenges is introduced. The study primarily focuses on linear recurrence relations and thoroughly investigates cases involving characteristic polynomials with both simple roots and roots of multiplicity. To illustrate the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed method, a comprehensive set of illustrative examples is provided, highlighting its applicability in solving a wide range of instances of linear recurrence relations. Additionally, the limitations of the formula are discussed, particularly in scenarios where its applicability may be restricted. The findings of this study contribute significantly to the existing literature, providing an alternative and promising approach for solving problems that rely on the inverse Vandermonde matrix. In conclusion, this article emphasizes the need for further research to explore the computational advantages of the proposed method and to extend its applicability to cases featuring characteristic polynomials with a single root of multiplicity greater than one. By expanding the knowledge in the field, this study offers valuable insights into the resolution of linear recurrences and interpolation problems, presenting a new perspective and expanding the existing knowledge in the field.
Screening of Costus speciosus and Determination of Antioxidant Potential Using DPPH Method: A Review
Authors: Delarosa Athoya , Hendrawan Ryan Proxy , Halimah Eli
Published: July 2023

Medicinal plants are garnering widespread interest in scientific circles due to their consistent pharmacological activities, which make them beneficial in the treatment of a variety of ailments. Costus speciosus, commonly known as crepe ginger, is an herbaceous plant native to Mexico that belongs to the family Costaceae (zingiberaceae). Creep Ginger is known to have many medicinal effects, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and potential antidiabetic activities. The aim of this review was to investigate the phytochemical compounds and potential antioxidant activity in Costus speciosus. The following information on the phytoconstituents of the species Costus speciosus was acquired from online scientific databases using NCBI, Pubmed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Molecules, Elsevier, and Research Gate searches. Phytochemical analysis from several studies showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, phenolic compounds, tannins, terpenoids, and saponins in the extract. The parts of Costus speciosus that are used as medicinal plants are usually the leaf, rhizome, and roots. The results suggest that the presence of a wide range of phytochemical compounds from extracts of Costus speciosus may be used to estimate potential antioxidant activity using the DPPH methods. Extracts with methanol as a solvent show that DPPH has considerable antiscavenging activity and the present study on alkaloids indicates that their contents are responsible for the high antioxidant activity. Antioxidant capacity is indicated by the values of EC50 and IC50. This review study may help future research activities on Costus speciosus by providing up-to-date information and relevant data.
Production and Quality Evaluation of Gluten Free Biscuits from Maize and Soybean Flour Blends
Authors: Akubor Peter Isah , Onogwu Oluchi Christabel , Okereke Goodluck Obioma , Damak Aaron Mutlong Amak
Published: July 2023

The study evaluated the quality of gluten–free biscuits made from maize and soybean flour blends, and compared them with 100% wheat flour biscuit. Flours were prepared from maize and soybean grains. The soybean flour was used to substitute 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30% of maize flour in order to obtain various flour blends. The chemical composition, functional and pasting properties of the flours and their blends were determined. The flour blends were used to prepare biscuits, which were analyzed for the chemical composition, physical and sensory properties. The results showed that the moisture, protein, fat, fiber, ash, and carbohydrate contents of the flours ranged from 10.58-11.37, 7.30-42.23, 1.82-10.15, 0.34-5.20, 0.85-4.00, 27.84-76.41%, respectively. The phosphorus, iron and magnesium contents varied from 1.24-166.96, 2.31-19.54, 0.01-157.56mg/100g, respectively. The bulk density, foaming capacity, water absorption and oil absorption capacity of the flours and the blends ranged from 0.66-0.68g/cm3, 3.22-29.25%, 85.00-210.00g/g and 80.0-145g/g, respectively. The peak viscosity, trough viscosity, breakdown viscosity, final viscosity, setback viscosity, peak time and pasting temperature decreased with an increase in the level of soybean flour incorporation and ranged from 113.05-127.98, 83.95.97.05, 23.99-41.95, 224.02-409.98, 136.01-325.03, 6.12-7.05, and 55.4-95.0 RVU, respectively. The moisture, protein, fat, fiber, ash, and carbohydrate of the biscuits increased from 4.10-9.19, 34.94-40.38, 27.24-31.39, 6.88-7.93, 0.53-3.79, and 16.99-23.44%, respectively. The phosphorus, iron, and magnesium contents of the biscuits ranged from 47.01-65.91, 3.37-7.08, 0.0018-0.0047mg/100g, respectively. The sensory scores for the biscuit samples decreased with the level of soybean flour. However, the biscuits containing 10% soybean flour was not significantly (p>0.05) different from the 100% wheat flour biscuits in all the sensory attributes evaluated. Therefore, comparable biscuits with 100% wheat biscuit could be produced from the blend of 90 % maize flour and 10% soybean flour.
Effects of Graded Doses of Ethanolic Extract of Pausinystalia Yohimbe Stem Bark on Biochemical and Hematological Indices In the Kidneys of Female Wistar Rats
Authors: Okwakpam F. N. , Ken-Ezihuo S. U. , Ajie P. , Amadi B. A.
Published: July 2023

Pausinystalia yohimbe is a medicinal plant widely used as an aphrodisiac agent in Nigeria and other parts of West Africa, but little is known about its effect on renal function after chronic use. This study was designed to investigate the effect of ethanolic extract of Pausinystalia yohimbe stem bark on renal function parameters such as serum creatinine, urea, electrolyte, oxidative stress markers, and hematological parameters in female Wistar rats. Ethanolic extract of Pausinystalia yohimbe stem bark was administered orally to 3 groups of 5 female rats for 21 days as follows: group1 which served as control received distilled water while groups 2 and 3 received 400mg/kg and 800mg/kg body weight of the extract respectively. Thereafter the rats were sacrificed, and blood and kidney tissues were collected for biochemical analysis.  The result showed that there were no significant changes in urea, creatinine, potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate levels while sodium level was significantly increased (p<0.05) when compared to the control. SOD and CAT tissue activities did not show any significant change (p<0.05) while there was a significant increase (p<0.05) in GSH and a significant reduction (p<0.05) in MDA. Also, there was no significant change (p<0.05) in WBC, PCV, and platelets, however, there was a significant decrease (p<0.05) in RBC and hemoglobin levels. The histopathology of the kidney showed that no significant changes were observed between treatment groups and control except for the 800 mg/kg body weight of the extract-treated group where there was mild multifocal vacuolar degeneration of some renal tubular epithelial cells. The result suggests that the chronic use of the ethanolic extract of Pausinystalia yohimbe stem bark protects the kidney against oxidative stress but adversely affects the functional capacities of the kidney and formation of erythropoietin in the stem cells and may also contribute to the increasing number of persons with high blood pressure.
Effects of Zingiber officinale and Allium sativum on the Liver Enzymes of Albino Rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Ujoh Treasure , Ohanu Chinenye Maria-Goretti
Published: July 2023

Aim: To determine the effect of ethanolic extract of Zingiber officinale and Allium sativum on the liver enzymes of albino rats.

Study Design:  Experimental study.

Place and Duration of Study: CNed Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, Nsukka, Nigeria, between September – October, 2019.

Methodology: Adult Wistar rats of both sexes weighing 100-160g were obtained from an animal house of the Department of Animal Science, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria. The experimental animals were acclimatized for one week and fed with standard laboratory diet (finishers feed) and water ad libitum. The plant materials (Garlic and Ginger were extracted using the Soxhlet method. The rats were divided into seven groups of three rats each and were given different treatments. At the end of every stage of the experiment, all animals were fasted for 12 hours and thereafter sacrificed after mild anesthesia with chloroform. Blood samples (5 ml) were collected from the eye of each rat weekly and analyzed for liver enzymes, using spectrophotometric methods. Data generated were analyzed using Social Sciences (SPSS) of IBM Corporation, Armonk, USA) version 21. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the experimental groups with Duncan multiple range tests used in partitioning the mean while the student t-test was used to compare the duration. Results were expressed as mean ± SEM and values with P<0.05 were considered statistically significant as described by Duncan, (1955).

Results: From the results of the acute toxicological screening, the oral LD50 was calculated and found to be: 1414 mg/kg for ginger extract 3162 mg/kg for garlic and ginger extract and >5000 mg/kg for garlic extract. Results for ALP showed a mean of 37.90 ± 3.48 μ/L and 55.97 ± 0.61 μ/L for ginger (100mg/kg) week 1 and 2 respectively, and there was a significant increase in ALP (p=0.034). Values for ALT showed significant increases (0.043) for ginger (200mg/kg) and garlic and ginger (both 100 and 50 mg/kg). All combinations of plants and concentrations were significant for AST, while only ginger at 100mg/kg showed significant difference when values for week 1 and 2 were compared for GGT.

Conclusion: This suggests that garlic extract exerts an acute effect in rats, contrary to ginger extract which exerts a chronic effect (that is to say, effect becomes more prominent with increase in duration of consumption).
Effect of Different levels of Liquid Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium on Growth, Yield and Quality of Broccoli (Brassica oleraceae var. italica) in Hydroponic
Authors: Singh Aditya Vikram , Rajwade Vijay Bahadur , Topno Samir E. , Kerketta Anita
Published: July 2023

Hydroponics is a Plant growing procedure in water. The experiment was carried out to find out the effect of different levels of NPK on growth, yield and quality of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. Italica). The variety was “Green Magic” which is F1 hybrid. They were bought from the local market of “Alopibag” Prayagraj. The present experiment was carried out from October, 2021 to January, 2022 in Shade Net Research Field, Department of Horticulture, SHUATS, Prayagraj. The experiment was conducted in Randomized Block Design (RBD), with eight treatments T1(8.12ml NPK/Pl), T2(9.37ml NPK/Pl), T3(10.62ml NPK/Pl), T4(11.87ml NPK/Pl), T5(13.12ml NPK/Pl), T6(14.37ml NPK/Pl), T7(15.62ml NPK/Pl), with a control (T0), replicated thrice in nutrient field technique (NFT) hydroponics system. The best result was shown by the treatment T6.The initiation of curd formation, growth of plant and chlorophyll content all parameter were superior in T6. The plants in T0 do not show any significant improvement as there were no nutrients given to them. The systems ran 4 hours daily during their vegetative growth and the timing was increased to 6 hours during their reproductive phase of development. Curd formation occurs in almost all plants in every treatment.
Studies on the Management of Soil Fertility and Sustainable Productivity in Bhendi [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench]
Authors: Devi R. Shakila , Sundaram V.
Published: July 2023

A field experiment on COBh Hybrid Bhendi 4 was conducted in the Department of Horticulture, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru College of Agriculture and Research Institute, Karaikal, U.T. of Puducherry, during summer 2022 with the objective of comparing the effects of organics and bioenhancers on soil fertility restoration and sustained vegetable production. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design with two replications involving two factors (fertilisers and bioenhancers) forming eighteen treatment combination in a factorial way (FRBD). The study material comprised of vermicompost and goat manure (organics) as well as panchagavya and jivamirtham (bioenhancers), besides recommended FYM and N, P, K fertilisers in various combinations. Maximum plant height (118.62 cm), number of primary branches (5.02) at final harvest, maximum fruit length (15.49 cm) and fruit girth (6.89 cm), fruit weight (21.71 g), number of fruits plant-1 (51.70), highest yield (891.60 g plant-1 and 16.47 t ha-1) and maximum dry matter production (5.74 t ha-1) were recorded in the treatment receiving RDF with 3 per cent panchagavya as foliar spray on 30, 45, 60 and 75 DAS.
An Economic Analysis of Cost, Returns and Profitability in Production of Cashew Nut in South Goa District of Goa
Authors: Kaviraj Gauns Dessai , Kumar Sanjay , Rai A. K.
Published: July 2023

Cashew is known as ‘Gold mine’ of wasteland because it can give high yield under any climatic conditions and soil condition with little or no maintenance. Due to its high nutritive value cashew is gaining importance among the health-conscious people both in domestic market and international market. Implementation of new technology and optimum utilization of resources will help the farmers to reduce the cost of production and to increase net returns. Cashew nut cultivation plays vital role in Cherishing and sustaining the momentum of rural development in study area. The study was conducted in South Goa district of Goa during the year 2023 and is based on both primary and secondary data collected from 100 cashew nut growers with the help of pretested personal interview scheduled from 5 villages selected randomly and the data was analysed using analytical tools. The results revealed that total establishment cost of cashew of marginal category is Rs 175320.67, small category is Rs 172541.83, semi medium category Rs 171890.83 and medium category is Rs 170401.34. Total annual cost of cultivation (Rs/ha) from 5th year onwards of marginal category was Rs 99512.45, small category was Rs 97091.63, semi medium category was Rs 95443.67 and medium farmer was Rs 93202.29. It Clearly reveals that cost of cultivation (Rs/ha) increases with decrease in farm size. It clearly indicates that in all the size groups average maximum cost was spent on hired human labour around (30.41%) followed by rental value of owned land (20.77%) and miscellaneous cost (20.50%). It shows that net returns were more in medium category (Rs 77072.72) followed by semi medium (Rs 70761.33), small category (Rs 62048.37) and marginal category (Rs 55487.55). Input-output ratio was found to be 1:1.56 for marginal farmers, 1:1.64 for small farmers, 1:1.74 for semi medium farmers and 1:1.83 for medium farmers. It inferred that the cashew nut production is profitable enterprise for medium farmer than semi medium, small and marginal farmers.
Influence of Bio-fertilizers and Phosphorus on Yield and Economics of Toria (Brassica campestris L.)
Authors: Bilal Mohammad Abdul , Singh Rajesh
Published: July 2023

The Experiment aims to find out the Influence of bio-fertilizers and phosphorus on growth and yield of Toria.  The experiment was carried out  during Rabi season of 2022-23 at the Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology And Sciences, Prayagraj (U.P.) India. The treatments consist of Bio-fertilizers like Azotobacter – (20g/kg seeds), PSB – (20g/kg seeds), Azotobacter – (10g/kg seeds) + PSB – (10g/kg seeds) and Phosphorus 30, 40, 50 kg/ha. There were 10 treatments each replicated thrice. The soil of experimental plot was sandy loamy in texture, nearly neutral in soil reaction (pH 7.8), low in organic carbon (0.35%) available N (163.42 kg/ha), available P (21.96 kg/ha) and available K (256.48 kg/ha). Results revealed that the higher number of siliqua (232.53 cm), higher number of seeds/siliqua (20.60), higher test weight (3.92 gm), higher grain yield (20.6 q/ha) and higher stover yield (3.70 t/ha) were significantly influenced with application of Azotobacter - (10g/kg seeds) + PSB - (10g/kg seeds) + Phosphorus - 50kg/ha. Higher gross returns (INR 1,03,828.00/ha), higher net returns (INR 74,178.00/ha) and higher B:C ratio (2.50) were also recorded in treatment-9 (Azotobacter - (10g/kg seeds) + PSB - (10g/kg seeds) + Phosphorus - 50kg/ha). The observations were recorded for plant height, dry weight, Crop growth rate, number of siliqua/plant, number of seeds/siliqua, test weight, see yield and stover yield. The data was statistically analyzed using the analysis of variance method.
Role of Floriculture in Promoting Biodiversity and Enhancing Ecosystems: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Sahu Deepika , Sahu Jitendra Kumar , Kumar Viajy , Gupta Pooja
Published: July 2023

Floriculture plays a noteworthy role in encouraging biodiversity and building up ecosystems. By cultivating and conserving a vast variety of flowering plants, floriculture comes up with the conservation of plant species and their habitats. Floriculture is a domain of horticultural sciences, concerning with growing, handling, maintaining and marketing of ornamentals, growing at the neck- breaking speed, reflecting the gesture of this business globally. The Sustainability of floriculture is aiming to reduce environmental degradation, maintain productivity, build up economic viability, conserve resources and energy and maintain stable communities and quality of life. The sustainable practices include INM (Integrated Nutrient Management), IPM (Integrated Pest Management), crop rotation and efficient utilization of water. There is considerable interest in the loss of ecosystems and the associated biodiversity, due to intensive agriculture, pasture desertion, pollution and climate change. In agroecosystems, biodiversity performs a variety of ecological services beyond the production of food, including recycling of nutrients, regulation of microclimate and hydrological processes, suppression of undesirable organisms and detoxification of harmful chemicals.
Dust Outbreaks across East Iran: Application of Multi-Source Remote Sensing Data (AMSR-E and FengYun3-MWRI) on the Effects of Soil Moisture
Authors: Mehraban Abouzar , Bao Yansong , Yeboah Emmanuel , Sarfo Benedicta Akua , Kpakpo Allotey Michael , Rhadiouini Charafa El , Aikins Ben Emunah , Mettle-Nunoo Desmond Nii Ayitey , Djan Michael Atuahene , Okrah Abraham , Sarfo Isaac
Published: July 2023

One of the most significant hydro-meteorological and agricultural variables is soil moisture, yet measuring it remains a difficult task. Due to the significant spatial fluctuation of soil moisture, it is difficult to quantify it in a particular spot or field across a sizable region. Despite the thermal band's limitations in assessing soil moisture, MODIS and AVHRR, which are inappropriate were utilized in this investigation. The study examined the impact of soil moisture on dust outbreak. Soil moisture in the study domain was monitored using field techniques and the hybrid model. It combined multi-sourced remote sensing data, obtained from AMSER-E and FY-3 satellites.  AMSER-E satellite measures the light temperature in five frequencies ranging from 6. 9 to 89 GHz based on data obtained from AMSER-E. Findings revealed areas with a spatial scale of 25 km2 has a 12-hour time step or variability in dust storm, thereby influencing soil moisture content within the zone of study. In addition to introducing acceptable potentials of the passive microwave band for accurate and applied monitoring of the soil moisture, the present results are viewed as a reliable source for studies on drought in time scale. The study shows that Zabol in Sistan has the highest annual average of 80.7 dust storm days. Soil moisture estimates serve a great deal for preparing soil moisture maps and the evaluation of temporal and spatial variations of soil moisture in study region to address issues related to dust storms.

In order to identify the areas affected by dust storms and understand how dust particles are dispersed in the Sistan region, satellite image processing was employed using MODIS 1 sensor images obtained from the TERRA satellite.
Perencanaan Mesin Pembuat Minuman Otomatis Berbasis PLC
Authors: Febrinata Temmy Alfisa
Published: July 2023

Programmable Logic Controller merupakan salah satu controller yang digunakan dalam era otomatisasi ini. Dan tujuan tugas akhir ini adalah membuat sebuah perencanaan pembuatan mesin minuman otomatis yang memanfaatkan PLC sebagai controller-nya. Terdapat enam rasa minuman yang nantinya akan dibuat melalui adanya sistem perencanaan pembuatan minuman otomatis ini. Tiga rasa utamanya adalah rasa strawberry, rasa lychees, dan orange. Dan untuk tiga rasa selanjutnya adalah campuran antara rasa strawberry dan lychees, strawberry dan orange, serta campuran rasa lychees dan orange. Untuk kedepannya, perencanaan ini juga dapat dikembangan dengan memanfaatkan PLC Siemens S7-200 sebagai controller-nya. Hasil dari perencanaan ini menunjukkan bahwa laju konveyor terlalu cepat sehingga membuat minuman tumpah pada saat konveyor berhenti. Kemudian putaran mixer dari Miyako HM-620 membuat minuman tumpah dari wadahnya karena putaran yang terlalu cepat, menandakan bahwa Miyako HM-620 tidak tepat bila digunakan untuk mixer minuman. Serta belt konveyor yang sering keluar dari papan konveyor karena pembuatan papan konveyor kurang sempurna atau tidak simetris. Untuk software yang di simulasikan pada program PLC berbasis Zelio sudah dapat berjalan dengan baik dan dapat di implementasikan dengan memanfaatkan PLC yang memiliki input/output yang sesuai, contohnya adalah PLC Siemens S7-200.