bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of preoperative CT texture analysis in papillary gastric adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xu Mengying , Qiao Xiangmei , Li Lin , Liu Song , Zhou Zhengyang
Published: November 2022

Background

This study aimed to analyze the ability of computed tomography (CT) texture analysis to discriminate papillary gastric adenocarcinoma (PGC) and to explore the diagnostic efficacy of multivariate models integrating clinical information and CT texture parameters for discriminating PGCs.

Methods

This retrospective study included 20 patients with PGC and 80 patients with tubular adenocarcinoma (TAC). The clinical data and CT texture parameters based on the arterial phase (AP) and venous phase (VP) of all patients were collected and analyzed. Two CT signatures based on the AP and VP were built with the optimum features selected by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method. The performance of CT signatures was tested by regression analysis. Multivariate models based on regression analysis and the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm were established. The diagnostic performance of the established nomogram based on regression analysis was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.

Results

Thirty-two and fifteen CT texture parameters extracted from AP and VP CT images, respectively, differed significantly between PGCs and TACs (all p < 0.05). The diagnostic performance of CT signatures based on the AP and VP achieved AUCs of 0.873 and 0.859 in distinguishing PGCs. Multivariate models that integrated two CT signatures and age based on regression analysis and the SVM algorithm showed favorable performance in preoperatively predicting PGCs (AUC = 0.922 and 0.914, respectively).

Conclusion

CT texture analysis based multivariate models could preoperatively predict PGCs with satisfactory diagnostic efficacy.
The relationship between myopia and near work, time outdoors and socioeconomic status in children and adolescents
Authors: Philipp Dariusch , Vogel Mandy , Brandt Manuela , Rauscher Franziska G. , Hiemisch Andreas , Wahl Siegfried , Kiess Wieland , Poulain Tanja
Published: November 2022

Background

To investigate environmental and social risk factors for myopia in children and adolescents in Germany.

Methods

1437 children aged between 3 and 18 inclusive were examined as part of the LIFE Child study based in Leipzig, Germany. Information about leisure time activities and social status was ascertained by parents and children in a questionnaire. Refractive status was attained by measuring noncycloplegic autorefraction. Myopia was defined as spherical equivalent (SE) ≤ − 0.75 D. Risk factors were identified using multiple logistic regression analysis.

Results

In multiple logistic regression analysis, myopia was significantly associated with less frequent outdoor activity (“once a week” vs. “twice a week or more”: odds ratio (OR) 4.35, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.89–9.98, p<0.01) and longer near work sessions (1–2 h vs. < 1 h: OR 1.83, CI 1.10–3.04, p=0.02; > 3 h vs. < 1 h: OR 3.71, CI 1.43–9.61, p<0.01) after adjustment for age, sex and socioeconomic status (SES). Duration of outdoor activity, near work frequency and SES showed no significant association with myopia (p > 0.05). Children with a lower SES were involved in longer periods of outdoor and near work activities but on fewer occasions over the course of the week, although this connection was not significant.

Conclusion

Myopia is associated with environmental factors. The present findings suggest that daily exposure to sunlight and a restriction of long-duration near work activities might protect against pathological eye growth. Prevention strategies should be implemented for children at all ages.
Association of muscle strength and body mass index with risk factors for metabolic syndrome and its prevalence in Korean adult women
Authors: Lee Ju-hak , Kim Soon-young , Kim Dong-il
Published: November 2022

Background

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of muscle strength and BMI (body Mass Index) on Metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk factors and prevalence in Korean adult women, using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Methods

A total of 3189 Korean adults women participated in the cross-sectional study. Participants were measured BMI, MetS risk factors including waist-circumference (WC), fasting glucose (FG), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and handgrip strength as muscle strength.

Results

As a result ‘high BMI & Low muscle strength’, ‘low BMI & low muscle strength’, and ‘high BMI & high muscle strength’ groups had a significantly higher prevalence of Mets [OR (Odd ratio): 1.49, 95% CI (confidence interval): 1.01 2.20; OR: 5.77, 95% CI: 4.32 7.17; OR: 10.46, 95% CI: 8.05 13.59] than ‘low BMI & high muscle strength’ group; and after adjusting smoking, menstruation status, and drinking rate, the OR were 1.07 (95% CI: 0.71–1.61), 4.89 (95% CI: 3.60–6.55), and 7.38 (95% CI: 5.63–9.68), respectively.

Conclusions

These findings indicated that increasing muscle strength and lowering BMI through regular physical activity and exercise are effective methods to reduce the prevalence of risk factors for Mets.
Mitigation of COVID-19 at the 2021 National Collegiate Athletic Association Men’s Basketball Tournament
Authors: Dixon Brian E. , Fadel William F. , Duszynski Thomas J. , Caine Virgina A. , Meyer Joeseph F. , Saysana Michele
Published: November 2022

Background

Data are lacking regarding the risk of viral SARS-CoV-2 transmission during a large indoor sporting event involving fans utilizing a controlled environment. We sought to describe case characteristics, mitigation protocols used, variants detected, and secondary infections detected during the 2021 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Men’s Basketball Tournament involving collegiate athletes from across the U.S.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study used data collected from March 16 to April 3, 2021, as part of a closed environment which required daily reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing, social distancing, universal masking, and limited contact between tiers of participants. Nearly 3000 players, staff, and vendors participated in indoor, unmasked activities that involved direct exposure between cases and noninfected individuals. The main outcome of interest was transmission of SARS-CoV-2 virus, as measured by the number of new infections and variant(s) detected among positive cases. Secondary infections were identified through contact tracing by public health officials.

Results

Out of 2660 participants, 15 individuals (0.56%) screened positive for SARS-CoV-2. Four cases involved players or officials, and all cases were detected before any individual played in or officiated a game. Secondary transmissions all occurred outside the controlled environment. Among those disqualified from the tournament (4 cases; 26.7%), all individuals tested positive for the Iota variant (B.1.526). All other cases involved the Alpha variant (B.1.1.7). Nearly all teams (N = 58; 85.3%) reported that some individuals had received at least one dose of a vaccine. Overall, 17.9% of participants either had at least one dose of the vaccine or possessed documented infection within 90 days of the tournament.

Conclusion

In this retrospective cohort study of the 2021 NCAA Men’s Basketball Tournament closed environment, only a few cases were detected, and they were discovered in advance of potential exposure. These findings support the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines for large indoor sporting events during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and validation of the Athlete Fear Avoidance Questionnaire (AFAQ) into Brazilian Portuguese
Authors: dos Reis-Junior Jodimar Ribeiro , Bassi-Dibai Daniela , Morais Daniel Nunes , Pontes-Silva André , Mendes Letícia Padilha , Pinheiro Jocassia Silva , Fidelis-de-Paula-Gomes Cid André , Dibai-Filho Almir Vieira
Published: November 2022

Background

Psychological factors play an important role in the adequate return of an athlete to sport. Our aim was to perform the translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and validation of the Athlete Fear Avoidance Questionnaire (AFAQ) into Brazilian Portuguese.

Methods

We performed the translation and cross-cultural adaptation and evaluated the structural validity, construct validity, and test–retest reliability. In addition to the AFAQ, we used the Numerical Pain Scale (NPS), Pain-Related Catastrophizing Thoughts Scale (PCTS), Self-Estimated Functional Inability because of Pain Questionnaire for athletes (SEFIP-sport), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). We used the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to analyze the internal structure of the AFAQ. We used the Spearman’s correlation coefficient (rho) to determine the magnitude of correlation between the AFAQ and the other instruments. We evaluated the test–retest reliability and internal consistency by means of intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach’s alpha, respectively.

Results

No adaptation was necessary to produce the AFAQ version in Brazilian Portuguese. We included 160 participants in the study. We identified the one-dimensionality of the AFAQ through the EFA with the implementation of parallel analysis (KMO = 0.83, p < 0.001 in Bartlett's Sphericity test). In construct validity, the magnitudes of correlation between the AFAQ and the other instruments ranged from 0.257 to 0.548. We identified adequate reliability (ICC = 0.85) and internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.90).

Conclusion

The Brazilian version of the AFAQ with one domain and 10 items has adequate measurement properties in injured professional and recreational athletes.
Folk nomenclature and traditional knowledge of breadfruit [Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg] diversity in four Anglophone Caribbean countries
Authors: Daley Oral O. , Roberts-Nkrumah Laura B. , Alleyne Angela T. , Gloster Michael C.
Published: November 2022

Background

Since its introduction to the Anglophone Caribbean in 1793, breadfruit has had a diverse history in the region, and there is a considerable repository of traditional knowledge about the crop, that is undocumented. Consequently, it remains underutilized as a food source, despite recognition of its potential to contribute to food and nutrition security. Understanding the folk taxonomy and traditional knowledge associated with its diversity and uses is a prerequisite to develop programs for its commercial production and utilization.

Method

This study was conducted among 170 respondents who were selected across four Anglophone Caribbean countries and provided information on the ethnobotany and traditional knowledge associated with breadfruit biodiversity, including systems of naming, identification and classification of breadfruit cultivars or types.

Results

Breadfruit has socio-cultural and economic value and is produced for both home use and sale by most respondents (68%). The genetic diversity of breadfruit managed by the respondents is also important, as a total of 51 vernacular names were identified, with nine of those names recorded for the first time in this study. Breadfruit types were identified by morphological and agronomical characteristics, with other important traits relating to use and cooking quality. Classification of breadfruit cultivars or types was based on eating-quality, most suitable methods of preparation and ease of cooking.

Conclusion

The ethnobotanical and traditional knowledge obtained from this study may be useful in assessing the genetic diversity of breadfruit and guiding future community-based conservation and classification studies of this important crop resource in the Caribbean. This is crucial to support the commercialization of breadfruit to improve its contribution to food and nutrition security.
Exploration of the regulatory relationship between KRAB-Zfp clusters and their target transposable elements via a gene editing strategy at the cluster specific linker-associated sequences by CRISPR-Cas9
Authors: Zhang Yang , He Fei , Zhang Yanning , Dai Qian , Li Qintong , Nan Jing , Miao Ruidong , Cheng Bo
Published: November 2022

Background

Krüppel Associated Box-containing Zinc Finger Proteins (KRAB-ZFPs), representing the largest superfamily of transcription factors in mammals, are predicted to primarily target and repress transposable elements (TEs). It is challenging to dissect the distinct functions of these transcription regulators due to their sequence similarity and diversity, and also the complicated repetitiveness of their targeting TE sequences.

Results

Mouse KRAB-Zfps are mainly organized into clusters genomewide. In this study, we revealed that the intra-cluster members had a close evolutionary relationship, and a similar preference for zinc finger (ZnF) usage. KRAB-Zfps were expressed in a cell type- or tissue type specific manner and they tended to be actively transcribed together with other cluster members. Further sequence analyses pointed out the linker sequences in between ZnFs were conserved, and meanwhile had distinct cluster specificity. Based on these unique characteristics of KRAB-Zfp clusters, sgRNAs were designed to edit cluster-specific linkers to abolish the functions of the targeted cluster(s). Using mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC) as a model, we screened and obtained a series of sgRNAs targeting various highly expressed KRAB-Zfp clusters. The effectiveness of sgRNAs were verified in a reporter assay exclusively developed for multi-target sgRNAs and further confirmed by PCR-based analyses. Using mESC cell lines inducibly expressing Cas9 and these sgRNAs, we found that editing different KRAB-Zfp clusters resulted in the transcriptional changes of distinct categories of TEs.

Conclusions

Collectively, the intrinsic sequence correlations of intra-cluster KRAB-Zfp members discovered in this study suggest that the conserved cluster specific linkers played crucial roles in diversifying the tandem ZnF array and the related target specificity of KRAB-Zfps during clusters’ evolution. On this basis, an effective CRISPR-Cas9 based approach against the linker sequences is developed and verified for rapidly editing KRAB-Zfp clusters to identify the regulatory correlation between the cluster members and their potential TE targets.
Jejunal obstruction due to jejunocolic congenital band in a 12-year-old child: a case report
Authors: Maree Gulan , Alelayan Ali , Hemi Ferhad , Shater Waseem , Ghuzlan Alaa , Ali Wajih
Published: November 2022

Background

A congenital band is an uncommon abnormality that can be found anywhere along the gastrointestinal tract. Intestinal obstruction caused by an anomalous congenital band is very rare in children. To the best of our knowledge, no cases of congenital bands extending from the descending colon to the jejunum have been reported in the English literature

Case presentation

Herein, we present the case of a 12-year-old Syrian patient with intestinal obstruction due to a congenital band extending from the mesentery of the descending colon to the mesentery of the jejunum with an entrapped loop of jejunum between the band and the mesentery. The location of the obstruction was determined by upper gastrointestinal contrast radiography, but the cause of the obstruction was diagnosed intraoperatively. The band was excised without intestinal resection.

Conclusion

Prediagnosis of congenital bands can be challenging, and surgery is required. When making a bowel obstruction differential diagnosis, it is important to keep this type of band in mind.
Competition and quality of care under regulated fees: evidence from Ghana
Authors: Dzampe Adolf Kwadzo , Takahashi Shingo
Published: November 2022

Background

How competition affects the quality of care is still not well understood empirically because of limited and mixed results. This study examined whether competition leads to higher or lower quality health outcomes in Ghana.

Methods

We used administrative claims data of hypertension patients for 2017 – 2019 (36 months), and an instrumental variable method to examine the effect of competition, measured as an increase in district doctor-to-population ratio on hospital-level ambulatory care sensitive condition hospitalization and in-hospital death rates.

Results

Overall, we found that an increase in doctor density improves the quality of care for hypertension patients in Ghana. That is, when there are more doctors, fewer patients are hospitalized, and the risk of in-hospital deaths decreases. This result is robust to analyses at the individual and district population levels for ambulatory care sensitive hospitalizations rate.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that in the presence of physician-induced demand, competition can lead to improvement in the quality of care, possibly through improved access to healthcare and increased physician time and contact per patient. Future health policies need to consider possible welfare benefits of induced medical services and training more doctors.
The importance of critically short telomere in myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Shin Dong-Yeop , Lim Kyu Min , Park Hee Sue , Kwon Sunghoon , Yoon Sung-Soo , Lee Dong-Soon
Published: November 2022

A few critically short telomeres trigger genomic instability regardless of average telomere length (TL). Recently, the telomere shortest length assay (TeSLA) was developed to detect critically short telomeres and measure absolute telomeres. Using TeSLA with the internally labeled biotin probe, we measured the TL of bone marrow (BM) aspirates from 52 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). A percentage of shortest telomeres (< 1.0 kb (ShTL1.0)) were calculated. ShTL1.0 was correlated to IPSS-R risk (spearman’s rho = 0.35 and p = 0.0196), and ShTL1.0 and BM blast (2.61% in < 5% blast, 4.15% in 5–10% blast, and 6.80% in 10–20% blast, respectively, p = 0.0332). Interestingly, MDS patients with a shortest TL ≥ 0.787 kb at the time of diagnosis showed better overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) than patients with a shortest TL < 0.787 kb in the multivariate analyses (HR = 0.13 and 0.30, p = 0.011 and 0.048 for OS and PFS, respectively). Our results clearly show the presence and abundance of critically short telomeres in MDS patients. These pathologic telomeres are associated with IPSS-R which is a validated prognostic scoring system in MDS. Furthermore, they are independent prognostic factors for OS in MDS patients. Future prospective studies are needed to validate our results.
Experience and social factors influence movement and habitat selection in scimitar-horned oryx (Oryx dammah) reintroduced into Chad
Authors: Majaliwa M. M. , Hughey L. F. , Stabach J. A. , Songer M. , Whyle K. , Alhashmi A. E. A. , Al Remeithi M. , Pusey R. , Chaibo H. A. , Ngari Walsoumon A. , Hassan Hatcha M. , Wacher T. , Ngaba C. , Newby J. , Leimgruber P. , Mertes K.
Published: November 2022

Reintroduced animals—especially those raised in captivity—are faced with the unique challenge of navigating a wholly unfamiliar environment, and often make erratic or extensive movements after release. Naïveté to the reintroduction landscape can be costly, e.g., through increased energy expenditure, greater exposure to predation, and reduced opportunities to forage. Integration with an extant population may provide opportunities for social information transfer. However, in the absence of interactions with residents, it is unclear how individual and social learning may affect an animal’s ability to track resources in an unfamiliar landscape. We use integrated step selection functions (iSSFs) to address these knowledge gaps, by evaluating the extent to which environmental factors, individual experience (time since release), and social information-sharing (group size) influence movement decisions by scimitar-horned oryx (Oryx dammah) reintroduced into their native range for the first time in ca. 30 years. We found that both experience and social factors influenced the habitat selection and movement behavior of reintroduced oryx. Of four candidate iSSFs, the model that included environmental, experience, and group size variables performed best in both dry and wet periods. Statistically significant interaction terms between environmental variables and experience were generally larger than similar terms for group size, indicating that experience may affect habitat selection by reintroduced oryx more strongly than social factors. These findings may inform the management of recovering wildlife populations, update widely-held expectations about how released ungulates acclimate to novel landscapes, and demonstrate the utility of long-term monitoring of reintroduced populations.
The Women’s Health Initiative cancer survivorship clinic incorporating electronic patient-reported outcomes: a study protocol for the Linking You to Support and Advice (LYSA) randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kearns Noreen , Raigal-Aran Laia , O’Connell Kate , Davis Andrea , Bermingham Katie , O’Reilly Seamus , Collins Dearbhaile C. , Corrigan Mark , Coulter John , Cleary Vicki , Cushen Samantha , Flavin Aileen , Byrne Fiona , O’Grady Aisling , O’Neill Deirdre , Murphy Aileen , Dahly Darren , Palmer Brendan , Connolly Roisin M. , Hegarty Josephine
Published: November 2022

Background

The improved survival rate for many cancers in high-income countries demands a coordinated multidisciplinary approach to survivorship care and service provision to ensure optimal patient outcomes and quality of life. This study assesses the feasibility of introducing a Women’s Health Initiative cancer survivorship clinic in Ireland.

Methods

The trial comprises an intervention and control arm. Two hundred participants will be recruited. Key eligibility (1) women with early-stage hormone receptor-positive breast or gynecologic cancer (cervix or endometrial), within 12 months of completion of primary curative therapy, and (2) access to the Internet.

The complex intervention comprises a nurse-led clinic targeting symptom management through a trigger alert system, utilizing electronic patient-reported outcome (ePRO) assessments at baseline, and 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 months. It also includes input from a dietitian monitoring diet and nutritional status.

The control group will receive their usual care pathway standard of care and attend the cancer survivorship clinic and complete ePRO assessments at the start and end of the study.

The primary endpoint (feasibility) includes the proportion of enrolled participants who complete baseline and follow-up ePRO surveys and partake in health professional consultations after ePRO data triggers. Secondary endpoints include changes in cancer-related symptom scores assessed by ePROs, health-related Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ) scores, Appraisal Self-Care Agency-R scores, and adjuvant endocrine therapy medication adherence. A process evaluation will capture the experiences of participation in the study, and the healthcare costs will be examined as part of the economic analysis.

Ethical approval was granted in December 2020, with accrual commencing in March 2021.

Discussion

This protocol describes the implementation of a parallel arm randomized controlled trial (RCT) which examines the feasibility of delivering a Cancer Survivorship Clinic. The ePRO is an innovative symptom monitoring system which detects the treatment-related effects and provides individualized support for cancer survivors. The findings will provide direction for the implementation of future survivorship care.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05035173. Retrospectively registered on September 5, 2021
Altered frontal electroencephalography as a potential correlate of acute dissociation in dissociative disorders: novel findings from a mirror confrontation study
Authors: Schäflein Eva , Mertens Yoki Linn , Lejko Nena , Beutler Sarah , Sattel Heribert , Sack Martin
Published: November 2022

People suffering from chronic dissociation often experience stress and detachment during self-perception. We tested 18 people with dissociative disorders not otherwise specified (DDNOS; compared with a matched sample of 18 healthy controls) undergoing a stress-inducing facial mirror confrontation paradigm, and measured acute dissociation and frontal electroencephalography (measured with a four-channel system) per experimental condition (e.g. confrontation with negative cognition). Linear mixed models indicated a significant group×time×condition effect, with DDNOS group depicting less electroencephalography power than healthy controls at the beginning of mirror confrontation combined with negative and positive cognition. This discrepancy – most prominent in the negative condition – diminished in the second minute. Correlational analyses depicted a positive association between initial electroencephalography power and acute dissociation in the DDNOS group. These preliminary findings may indicate altered neural processing in DDNOS, but require further investigation with more precise electroencephalography measures.
Euthanasia of a person with a psychiatric disorder does not violate the European Convention on Human Rights (Mortier v. Belgium [no. 78017/17])
Authors: De Hert M. , Loos S. , Van Assche K.
Published: November 2022

For more than 20 years, euthanasia in Belgium and The Netherlands is allowed for unbearable suffering caused by terminal or non-terminal illnesses, including psychiatric disorders. Although euthanasia numbers have been increasing over the years, the percentage of cases involving people with a primary psychiatric diagnosis has remained stable (between 1 and 2%). For these cases, the Belgian and Dutch Euthanasia Laws operate similar due care criteria: a well-considered, repeated, and voluntary request from a legally competent adult; a medical condition without prospect of improvement; constant and unbearable suffering that cannot be alleviated; consultation of two independent physicians, including a psychiatrist; and a posteriori evaluation and control [1–3].
Effects of a Geriatric Assessment Intervention on Patient-Reported Symptomatic Toxicity in Older Adults With Advanced Cancer
Authors: Culakova Eva , Mohile Supriya G. , Peppone Luke , Ramsdale Erika , Mohamed Mostafa , Xu Huiwen , Wells Megan , Tylock Rachael , Java Jim , Loh Kah Poh , Magnuson Allison , Jamieson Leah , Vogel Victor , Duberstein Paul R. , Chapman Benjamin P. , Dale William , Flannery Marie Anne
Published: November 2022

PURPOSE

Providing a geriatric assessment (GA) summary with management recommendations to oncologists reduces clinician-rated toxicity in older patients with advanced cancer receiving treatment. This secondary analysis of a national cluster randomized clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02054741 ) aims to assess the effects of a GA intervention on symptomatic toxicity measured by Patient-Reported Outcomes Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE).

METHODS

From 2014 to 2019, the study enrolled patients age ≥ 70 years, with advanced solid tumors or lymphoma and ≥ 1 GA domain impairment, who were initiating a regimen with high prevalence of toxicity. Patients completed PRO-CTCAEs, including the severity of 24 symptoms (11 classified as core symptoms) at enrollment, 4-6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months. Symptoms were scored as grade ≥ 2 (at least moderate) and grade ≥ 3 (severe/very severe). Symptomatic toxicity was determined by an increase in severity during treatment. A generalized estimating equation model was used to assess the effects of the GA intervention on symptomatic toxicity.

RESULTS

Mean age was 77 years (range, 70-96 years), 43% were female, and 88% were White, 59% had GI or lung cancers, and 27% received prior chemotherapy. In 706 patients who provided PRO-CTCAEs at baseline, 86.1% reported at least one moderate symptom and 49.7% reported severe/very severe symptoms at regimen initiation. In 623 patients with follow-up PRO-CTCAE data, compared with usual care, fewer patients in the GA intervention arm reported grade ≥ 2 symptomatic toxicity (overall: 88.9% v 94.8%, P = .035; core symptoms: 83.4% v 91.7%, P = .001). The results for grade ≥ 3 toxicity were comparable but not significant ( P > .05).

CONCLUSION

In the presence of a high baseline symptom burden, a GA intervention for older patients with advanced cancer reduces patient-reported symptomatic toxicity.
Development of an adenosquamous carcinoma histopathology – selective lung metastasis model
Authors: Lähdeniemi Iris A. K. , Devlin Jennifer R. , Nagaraj Ashwini S. , Talwelkar Sarang S. , Bao Jie , Linnavirta Nora , Şeref Vujaklija Ceren , Kiss Elina A. , Hemmes Annabrita , Verschuren Emmy W.
Published: November 2022

Preclinical tumor models with native tissue microenvironments provide essential tools to understand how heterogeneous tumor phenotypes relate to drug response. Here we present syngeneic graft models of aggressive, metastasis-prone histopathology-specific NSCLC tumor types driven by KRAS mutation and loss of LKB1 (KL): adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) and adenocarcinoma (AC). We show that subcutaneous injection of primary KL; ASC cells results in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) tumors with high levels of stromal infiltrates, lacking the source heterogeneous histotype. Despite forming subcutaneous tumors, intravenously injected KL;AC cells were unable to form lung tumors. In contrast, intravenous injection of KL;ASC cells leads to their lung re-colonization and lesions recapitulating the mixed AC and SCC histopathology, tumor immune suppressive microenvironment and oncogenic signaling profile of source tumors, demonstrating histopathology-selective phenotypic dominance over genetic drivers. Pan-ERBB inhibition increased survival, while selective ERBB1/EGFR inhibition did not, suggesting a role of the ERBB network crosstalk in resistance to ERBB1/EGFR. This immunocompetent NSCLC lung colonization model hence phenocopies key properties of the metastasis-prone ASC histopathology, and serves as a preclinical model to dissect therapy responses and metastasis-associated processes.
Η Περιβαλλοντική Δημοσιογραφία στην Ελλάδα
Authors: Γιολτζίδου Γεωργία , Γιολτζίδου Φωτεινή
Published: November 2022

Η παρούσα μελέτη επιχειρεί να σκιαγραφήσει το επίπεδο άσκησης της περιβαλλοντικής δημοσιογραφίας στην Ελλάδα. Στο πρώτο μέρος, γίνεται μια σύντομη βιβλιογραφική επισκόπηση σε σχέση με την περιβαλλοντική δημοσιογραφία ως ανεξάρτητο επαγγελματικό πεδίο, ενώ αναζητούνται οι σύγχρονες τάσεις, προκλήσεις και απειλές του κλάδου, έτσι όπως αυτές περιγράφονται στο ακαδημαϊκό πεδίο. Στο δεύτερο μέρος, με βάση ποσοτικά αλλά και ποιοτικά στοιχεία, μελετώνται οι δέκα (10) πρώτοι σε αναγνωσιμότητα ειδησεογραφικοί ιστότοποι στην Ελλάδα, σε αναζήτηση του αποτυπώματος της περιβαλλοντικής δημοσιογραφίας, του βαθμού αλλά και των τρόπων κάλυψης των ειδήσεων. Το κεντρικό ερευνητικό ερώτημα είναι, αν, και σε ποιο βαθμό, ασκείται η περιβαλλοντική δημοσιογραφία ως διακριτό δημοσιογραφικό είδος στον ελληνικό ηλεκτρονικό τύπο. Η μελέτη αποκαλύπτει μια σειρά τάσεων, παραλήψεων και στρεβλώσεων που παρατηρούνται στην ελληνική δημοσιογραφία, όσον αφορά τη δημοσίευση και προώθηση ειδήσεων που σχετίζονται με το περιβαλλοντικό ρεπορτάζ. Τόσο τα ποσοτικά, όσο και τα ποιοτικά δεδομένα της έρευνας, αποδεικνύουν ότι στην περίπτωση της Ελλάδας, η περιβαλλοντική δημοσιογραφία δεν είναι μέχρι και σήμερα αρκούντως αναπτυγμένη.
Εργαλεία οπτικοποιήσεων για την παραγωγή άρθρων δημοσιογραφίας δεδομένων για το περιβάλλον
Authors: Καρυπίδου Χριστίνα , Βέγλης Ανδρέας
Published: November 2022

Η δημοσιογραφία δεδομένων έχει επιφέρει αλλαγές στον τρόπο παραγωγής, διάχυσης και κατανάλωσης της είδησης. Η διαχείριση μεγάλης ποσότητας δεδομένων και η οπτικοποίηση αυτών, προκειμένου να «ειπωθεί» η δημοσιογραφική ιστορία, δημιουργούν νέες συνθήκες εργασίας στους ειδησεογραφικούς οργανισμούς. Η θεματολογία στην οποία μπορεί να βρει χώρο η δημοσιογραφία δεδομένων παραμένει διευρυμένη, καθώς διαθέσιμα σύνολα δεδομένων μπορούν να εντοπιστούν σε διάφορες θεματικές.Στην παρούσα εργασία, παρουσιάζονται: Αρχικά, διαθέσιμα δεδομένα και οπτικοποιήσεις σε θέματα τα οποία σχετίζονται με το περιβάλλον στην ψηφιακή βιβλιοθήκη του Ο.Ο.Σ.Α. Στη συνέχεια, το πώς εφαρμογές οπτικοποιήσεων μπορούν να μετατρέψουν δεδομένα τα οποία σχετίζονται με το περιβάλλον σε άρθρα δημοσιογραφίας δεδομένων. Ειδικότερα, πρόκειται για δεδομένα από δημοσκοπήσεις στο πλαίσιο της δράσης Act For Earth, η οποία φιλοξενείται στην ιστοσελίδα cnn.gr, και τα εργαλεία τα οποία χρησιμοποιούνται για την οπτικοποίηση αυτών είναι το Piktochart και το Datawrapper.
Γεωπάρκο Κεφαλονιάς - Ιθάκης
Authors: Ζουμπούλη Έλενα , Ξανθάκης Μιχαήλ , Δρακάτος Γεώργιος , Μινέτος Παναγιώτης , Αντωνόπουλος Νίκος
Published: November 2022

Στην παρούσα έρευνα παρουσιάζονται οι τρόποι προβολή και Επικοινωνίας τουΠαγκόσμιου Γεωπάρκου UNESCO Κεφαλονιάς-Ιθάκης. Τα νησιά της Κεφαλονιάς καιτης Ιθάκης αποτελούν μία μοναδική γεωγραφική ζώνη. Οι κάτοικοί τουςαπολαμβάνουν τη ζωή και την εργασία έχοντας πολλές ευκαιρίες για να αναπτύξουνμικρές επιχειρήσεις στον κλάδο του τουρισμού (αλλά και σε άλλους κλάδους). Οιβασικές αξίες (γεωλογικός πλούτος, φυσικός πλούτος, αρχαιολογικός – νεότεροςπολιτιστικός πλούτος, διασύνδεση πολιτιστικής – φυσικής κληρονομιάς, άυληπολιτιστική κληρονομιά) εγγυώνται ένα εξαιρετικό περιβάλλον διαβίωσης. Πολλοί νέοικάτοικοι και νέες επιχειρήσεις έλκονται από την ισχυρή τοπική ταυτότητα τηςΚεφαλονιάς και της Ιθάκης. Οι βασικές αξίες συμβάλλουν στην ποιότητα ζωής καθώςκαι στο εύρωστο επιχειρηματικό κλίμα. Οι τουρίστες επισκέπτονται το Γεωπάρκολόγω του μοναδικού συνδυασμού των αξιών του και του εδραιωμένου ποιοτικούτουριστικού προϊόντος του. Η ένταξη του Γεωπάρκου στο Δίκτυο θα βοηθήσει ναεπιτευχθεί ένα μεγαλύτερο κοινό – στόχος, χάρη στην διασφάλιση της ποιότητας(τοπίου, υπηρεσιών, προϊόντων), που θα «εγγυηθεί» η UNESCO, εξαιτίας τουδιεθνούς κύρους της.
Παιδαγωγικό περιεχόμενο και φυσικό περιβάλλον στα μελοποιημένα «Χελιδόνια» των Ζ. Παπαντωνίου και Γ. Λαμπελέτ
Authors: Μάντζιου Ναυσικά , Φευγαλάς Στέφανος
Published: November 2022

Το 1920 εκδόθηκε από τον Εκπαιδευτικό Όμιλο το έργο Χελιδόνια που περιλαμβάνειποιήματα και μύθους του Ζαχαρία Παπαντωνίου, καθώς και επιλεγμέναμελοποιημένα ποιήματα από τον Γεώργιο Λαμπελέτ. Στην παρούσα εισήγηση γίνεταιαναφορά στο κοινωνικό, πολιτικό και πολιτισμικό πλαίσιο της εποχής, στηνκατεύθυνση της διαχείρισης ζητημάτων του περιβάλλοντος και της αξιοποίησής τουςστην εκπαίδευση. Στο κύριο μέρος της εισήγησης περιλαμβάνεται η ανάλυση τωντραγουδιών που έχουν αναφορές στη Φύση, ενώ στόχος είναι να αναδειχτούν οιιδιαίτεροι τρόποι αναπαράστασης και συμβολισμού που επέλεξε να χρησιμοποιήσει οΛαμπελέτ. Δεδομένου του παιδαγωγικού περιεχομένου του βιβλίου, επισημαίνονταισυγκεκριμένες στάσεις και προσδοκίες της εποχής ως προς την πρόσληψη τουβιβλίου, μέσω ειδικής αναφοράς σε πρόσωπα που ασχολήθηκαν με τη σύνδεση τηςμουσικής, της Φύσης και της εκπαίδευσης.
Αξιολόγηση Δημοσίων Υπαλλήλων του στενού και ευρύτερου τομέα μέσω εκσυγχρονισμού της Διοίκησης και ο ρόλος του ΑΣΕΠ
Authors: Χρονοπούλου Γεωργία
Published: November 2022

Η αξιολόγηση είναι η έννοια που διακρίνει την αξία του λόγου από την αξία της στρατηγικής κουλτούρας για τη Δημόσια Διοίκηση τόσο στην ΕΕ όσο και στην Ελ-λάδα. Η προσπάθεια της απόδοσης της αξιολόγησης επιδιώκει να προσεγγίσει, να αναλύσει το υπό συζήτηση θέμα και να αποδείξει το βαθμό επίδρασης των θεσμών στο κοινωνικό σύνολο της Ελλάδας αλλά και στα κράτη μέλη της ΕΕ. Η απόδοση της αξιολόγησης τέθηκε πρωτίστως σε εφαρμογή στα κράτη της ΕΕ ως μηχανιστική προσπάθεια για να αποδείξει σε ποιο βαθμό η στρατηγική κουλτούρα επηρεάζει την λειτουργία της δημόσιας διοίκησης των χωρών της ΕΕ εδώ και δεκαετίες. Η σύγκριση τουβαθμού απόδοσης και αξιολόγησης επιδιώκει τη σύγκλιση σε ένα κοινό πλαίσιο κοινής λειτουργίας για τη δημόσια διοίκηση. Η λειτουργία της στηρίζεται σε κοινά εργαλεία και πρακτικές που προσδίδουν αξία και μόχλευση στη δημόσιας διοίκησης καθώς αποσβένει τα διοικητικά βάρη και καθιστά πρόσφορη τη ζωή των ενεργών πο-λιτών. Η χρήση τους από τους «policy makers» καθορίζει τον τρόπο λειτουργίας της δημόσιας διοίκησης στα κράτη μέλη της ΕΕ και μη έχοντας ως μέσο τους δημόσιους υπαλλήλους. Ο πυρήνας λειτουργίας κάθε χώρας κράτος μέλος διέπεται από μία στρατηγική κουλτούρας που εφαρμόζεται στη δημόσια διοίκηση μέσω των δημόσιων λειτουργών-υπαλλήλων της. Η προσπάθεια των αξιωματούχων της ΕΕ στηρίζεται στην κοινή προσπάθεια εξυγίανσης της δημόσιας διοίκησης,αλλά και στην από κοινού τήρηση «διοργανικών συμφωνιών» δεσμευτικού χαρακτήρα σύμφωνα με τις διατάξεις του άρθρου 295 ΣΛΕΕ της Συνθήκης της Λισαβόνας . Στόχος, η διασφάλιση και ο σεβασμός προς την αρχή της θεσμικής λειτουργίας της δημόσιας διοίκησης σε ένα κοινό πλαίσιο εφαρμογής, τον νόμο 2190/1994, ο πυρήνας της σύστασης του ΑΣΕΠ και τον νόμο 4765/2021 (ΦΕΚ Α΄) ο οποίος εκσυγχρόνισε το σύστημα προσλήψεων στον δημόσιο τομέα και ενίσχυσε τον θεσμικό ρόλο και έργο του ΑΣΕΠ.
Criminal community:criminological and legal analysis
Authors: Kleymenov Mihail , Kleymenov Ivan , Kozlovskaya Margarita
Published: November 2022

The monograph is devoted to comparative criminological and comparative legal analysis of the criminal community as a specific form of organized crime. It is proved that the criminal community cannot be reduced to a criminal organization, and even more so to an organized criminal group. It is shown that criminal communities in various states have common, meeting modern challenges, and specific features due to national-ethnic mentality and peculiarities of state-legal development. Various concepts of the fight against organized crime are considered, criminal and legal measures to counter the activities of terrorist, extremist and ordinary criminal communities are proposed.
For specialists in the field of criminal law sciences, teachers, postgraduates, students and undergraduates of law schools, law enforcement officers.
Head of State in the CIS countries
Authors: Nechkin Andrey
Published: November 2022

The monograph contains a comprehensive comparative legal study of the Institute of the head of state in the CIS countries. The author pays special attention to the comparative analysis of the constitutional and legal statuses of the heads of all CIS countries. Based on the conducted research, taking into account the positive foreign experience, recommendations are formulated to improve the regulatory framework of the Russian Federation, which establishes the constitutional and legal status of the President of the Russian Federation.
For researchers, teachers, postgraduates, students of law schools and faculties, civil servants, as well as anyone interested in constitutional law issues, including in the CIS countries.
Interactions between asthma and the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Iwaniszyn-Zapołoch Klara , Małek Anna , Wysokińska Olga , Zadrożna Karolina , Cholewa Krystian , Żyga Justyna
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has been accompanying us in our daily lives for more than 2.5 years and so far there are no indications that it will leave us soon. Updating information and knowledge about it is therefore still incredibly important. Sars-CoV-2 is a virus with a high affinity for the respiratory system, so it is worth tracing its correlations with one of the more common lung diseases, asthma. Patients with this disease are concerned about whether they are at risk of contracting COVID-19 more frequently and severely, whether they face a higher risk of death if infected and how the pandemic will affect exacerbations of their underlying disease. For physicians who encounter the virus on a daily basis, it is important to know how well to manage asthmatic patients if COVID-19 is confirmed in them.

State of knowledge: In medicine, not everything is clear-cut. Much depends on our patient's age, condition and other comorbidities. And also on his/her adherence to medical advice, type and degree of asthma control. In this article, we will address all these aspects and summarise the current knowledge on the interplay between COVID-19 and asthma.

Conclusions: With the review of recent reports collected here, it can be thought that asthma is not an independent factor for either a higher frequency or severity of COVID-19, but neither does it affect the higher risk of death with Sars-CoV-2 infection. In terms of treatment, it is important not to interrupt the current therapy and to maintain good asthma control. This is the most optimal treatment and reduces the risk of severe COVID-19. Drugs registered for the treatment of asthma are safe and, moreover, it has been suggested that corticosteroids protect against infection to some extent.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on therapy in cancer patients
Authors: Szklener Katarzyna , Rodzajewska Anna , Kuryło Weronika , Mańdziuk Sławomir
Published: November 2022

Introduction and purpose: The Covid-19 pandemic has spread rapidly across the globe, resulting in more than 6 million deaths worldwide. Oncological patients are considered to be at increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infection and the severe course of the disease. The current understanding of the correlation between COVID-19 and cancer is limited. In this study, we attempted to analyze the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection in cancer patients who were treated at the Department of Clinical Oncology and Chemotherapy SPSK4 in Lublin in the period from November 2020 to March 2022. 

Material and methods: This retrospective study included patients in the age rage from 36–79 years old. All necessary information were obtained from electronic medical records. Subsequently collected data were submitted to statistical calculations. 

Results: A varied course of COVID-19 infection in oncology patients has been observed. Preliminary observations showed that, in many cases COVID-19 infection caused a delay in the administration of the next dose of a therapeutic agent during the course of systemic anticancer treatment, but this delay was not observed to have a significant impact on reducing the effectiveness of oncology treatment 

Conclusions:  In the light of our own presented observations, global statistics and reports of other authors, the role of certain individual characteristics of patients is visible, which increase the risk of more severe course of SARS-CoV-2 infection and / or increased mortality . It is necessary to continue the search for an optimal diagnostic regimen that would identify cancer patients with a particular risk of the most severe complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
“Nunca fomos catequizados. Fizemos foi carnaval”: a vacina antropofágica contra a doença fascista
Authors: Cecchetti Juliana , Mizoguchi Danichi Hausen , Amaral Eder
Published: November 2022

O presente artigo trata de apostar no carnaval como força afirmativa de subjetivação brasileira. Cartografando nossas mazelas históricas e presentes, mas, também e principalmente, nossas experiências estéticas modernas, trata-se, enfim, de localizar essa festa popular como um acontecimento que confronta a diretriz colonial de entristecimento dos trópicos. Para tanto, intercessores como Oswald de Andrade e Caetano Veloso surgem para ajudar a abrir veredas delicadas, inusitadas e singulares diante do grotesco que, de tempos em tempos, grita em nosso país. Sob a ativação dessas experiências estéticas, portanto, ao fim e ao cabo, a intenção maior é de forjar um equipamento ético de desvio da miséria radical em que mais recentemente nos colocamos.
Por uma ética da desobediência para o presente
Authors: Dias Rosimeri De Oliveira , Prudente Jéssica
Published: November 2022

Desobedecer, no tempo presente, afirma um imperativo ético, uma aposta na vida aliançada com a coragem intrínseca aos riscos das modulações do fascismo contemporâneo. Entre cenas da educação e da saúde, percorreremos a tríade desobediência-coragem-alteridade de maneiras diferentes, implicadas em um certo modo de relação com outros que passa ou não pela produção de práticas de liberdade. Escrita que se realiza entre-duas, no feminino, compondo encontros entre psicologia e educação. A historicização da obediência parece vir acompanhada de um estreitamento de possibilidades e de uma localização específica e assimétrica, se opondo às práticas de liberdade. A tríptica composta por três cenas que abrem este texto, e os três eixos de análise e de intervenção — desobediência, coragem e alteridade — desenha um arco que abriga dispositivos conceituais do filósofo Michel Foucault. Trata-se de uma composição de um quadro geral de análise que aposta na ampliação de estratégias de enfrentamento das práticas sociais.
A vida como um labirinto: uma mulher em situação de rua na busca de novos caminhos
Authors: Santos Maria Clerismar Pereira dos , Souza Iriene Ferraz de , Junior Roberto Carlos Pires , Bacchi Ricardo Rodrigues , Lima Emerson Ribeiro , Sampaio Cristina Andrade
Published: November 2022

Este estudo analisa a trajetória de uma mulher vivendo em situação de rua, sob a perspectiva da antropologia, considerando sua história, agenciamentos e saídas encontradas por ela ao longo de mais de 40 anos nessa condição. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa fundamentada na Narrativa como abordagem teórico-metodológica de investigação social e da saúde, tendo a análise temática e o processo de redução parafraseado como formas de análise. A pesquisa indicou uma narrativa marcada por violação de direitos, rupturas de laços sociais e institucionais nas categorias Abandono, Adoção e Possessividade; Arranjos para sobrevivência nas ruas; Religiosidade e Processo de Saúde Doença.
Os lugares e função da supervisão clínico institucional na construção e consolidação da Rede de Atenção Psicossocial
Authors: Devera Disete , Yasui Silvio
Published: November 2022

O presente artigo analisou o processo de institucionalização da Supervisão Clínico-Institucional (SCI), ressaltando os principais elementos que a tornam um importante dispositivo de formação e qualificação das práticas de saúde mental, a fim de contribuir com o resgate e a construção da memória deste processo no Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo sobre dispositivos de formação em saúde e políticas de escrita/narratividade. Realizou-se uma leitura cuidadosa de documentos governamentais e da produção acadêmica relativa ao tema, os quais foram sistematizados tendo em vista o processo histórico de constituição da SCI como dispositivo de formação. A segunda etapa constitui-se na escrita da narrativa de memórias relacionadas aos encontros da pesquisadora com a SCI no Brasil. A terceira etapa consiste na discussão sobre as contribuições da SCI na construção e consolidação da Rede de Atenção Psicossocial (RAPS). Conclui-se que a SCI é um dispositivo de formação fundamental na consolidação da RAPS.
Carta sobre experiências de uma cidade com a loucura
Authors: Monecchi Samara Pimenta , Barros Maria Elizabeth Barros de
Published: November 2022

A presente carta – endereçada a todos aqueles interessados e defensores do movimento da Luta Antimanicomial – é fruto da experiência de pesquisa de mestrado no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia Institucional/UFES, que buscou conhecer como a cidade de Cariacica-ES acolheu a loucura em seus espaços após a abertura dos portões físicos do antigo Hospital Adauto Botelho. A pesquisa aposta na cidade como via de possibilidade para outras experiências com a loucura que não as de recusa e indiferença. Esta carta convida a experienciar, junto com as histórias narradas e entendendo experiência a partir de Michel Foucault – que explicita que uma experiência é qualquer coisa da qual se sai transformado, no intuito de possibilitar que outras tantas histórias possam ser suscitadas –, histórias de amizade, experimentação, produção de outros possíveis nos espaços da cidade.