bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Characteristics of Special Nonlinear Vibration System
Authors: Liu Shu Yong , Yang Qing Chao , Zhu Shi Jian , Wei Xiu Lei
Published: January 2015

The characteristics of quasi-zero stiffness(QZS) system with nonlinear positive and negative stiffness is researched. A modified QZS model with nonlinear spring element is established and the stiffness curves are obtained based on the analysis of relationship between spring force and displacement. A non-dimensional form of QZS is deduced to discover its essential laws, and simulation is presented with different nonlinear springs. Then the force transmissibility of QZS is verified with the experiment, which shows that the QZS isolation performance is better than the linear one in the low frequency band, and there exists no resonant peak in this system.
The Fault Diagnosis Method for Roller Bearing with Harmonic Wavelet Packet and DT-SVM
Authors: Pan Rui , Xu Tao , Liu Yong
Published: January 2015

This paper studies the roller bearing fault diagnosis method with harmonic wavelet packet and Decision Tree-Support Vector Machine (DT-SVM). The harmonic wavelet packet possesses better performances for its box-shaped spectrum and unlimited subdivision compared with the conventional time-frequency feature exaction method. Firstly, the proposed method decomposes the roller bearing vibration signal with harmonic wavelet packet and extracts the feature energy with coefficients of each spectrum. After the feature energy is normalized, feature vector are available. Based on multi-level binary tree, this paper designs the multi-classification SVM model due to its superior nonlinear mapping capability. Three two-classifications are incorporated to diagnosis the roller bearing faults. Finally, the proposed method is illustrated with the vibration data from the roller bearing stand of electric engineering lab in case western reserve university. Experimental results illustrate the higher accuracy of the proposed method compared with conventional method.
A Method of Multi-Failure Models Based on Response Surfaces Method-High Dimensional Model Representation on Structural Reliability Analysis
Authors: Jia Lei , Guan Fa Cai
Published: January 2015

The response surface method (RSM) is widely adopted for structural reliability analysis because of its numerical efficiency. However, the RSM is time consuming for large-scale applications and sometimes shows large errors in the calculation of the sensitivity of the reliability index with respect to random variables. In order to overcome these problems, this paper presents the improved method used to evaluate the failure probability of the system with multi-failure models which is based on the high dimensional model representation (HDMR) and response surface method (RSM).Once the limit state function is defined, the design point can be found by using HDMR method, through which the response surface can be established to calculate the failure probability. The series and parallel system are considered in this paper, a numerical example is presented to demonstrate the efficiency and the accuracy of the proposed method. It is shown that the efficiency of the RSM-HDMR are both high in terms of series system and parallel system.
Development of a Flight Simulation Test-Bed for a General Propeller-Driven Unmanned Aircraft
Authors: Albaker Baraa Munqith , Rahim Nasrudin A. , Rasheed Asmaa H.
Published: January 2015

This paper presents the development of a flight simulator for a fixed-wing propeller-driven UAV. A new architecture for UAV low-level functional units is presented. The work involves modeling main low-level units of the UAV, which includes modeling of aircraft lateral and longitudinal dynamics and controlling of flight-path states holding. Key characteristics for aerodynamics and propulsion properties are calculated. A nested PID loops are used to provide a low-level control necessary for intelligent control and mission planning and execution. Simulation results are demonstrated in order to validate the effectiveness of the flight simulator and thereby providing an infrastructure low-level abstraction platform that can be used for various multi-level algorithms testing.
Hybrid Control for Markovian Neutral Systems with Distributed Delays
Authors: Wang Yi Zhong
Published: January 2015

This paper is concerned with the problem of hybrid control for a class of Markovian neutral systems with distributed delays. By using Lyapunov stability and free-weighting matrix methods, a novel delay-dependent stabilization condition for the Markovian neutral systems with distributed delays is constructed in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). When these linear matrix inequalitise are feasible, combining state feedback control with integral control, an explicit expression of the desired hybrid controller is designed. The given hybrid controller, based on the obtained criterion, guarantees the resulting closed-loop system asymptotically stable in the mean square sense for all parameter uncertainties and time delays.
Reinforced Concrete Tied Arch Hanging and Pull Synergistic Reinforcement Active Technology Research
Authors: Duan Wei , Chu Li Hua , Liu Ying Chen
Published: January 2015

With the significant increase in road traffic, part of structure of the tied arch damage situation is serious. There were all kinds of diseases, which affected the bridge carrying capacity, performance and durability. In order to maximize the use of existing resources, extend the expected life of the bridge and meet its normal state requirements, scientific and reasonable repair and reinforcement have become particularly important. Currently, a new reinforced concrete tied arch hanging and pull synergistic active reinforcement technology research is being studied, which is different from replacing the old suspenders, including additional vertical suspender synergistic reinforcement technology and tilted belly poles to change the system technology in two categories. In this paper, taking Ba Lidian Bridge as an example to mainly analyze additional vertical suspender synergistic reinforcement technology. The results show additional suspender active reinforcement method is a simple way to improve the bridge structure force.
Effect of Mg-30%La Modification on the Microstructure of Al-7Si Alloy
Authors: Yin Dong Song , Zhang Zhong Kai , Chen Yu , Wang Zheng Ling , Zhang Chun Yu , Wang Chun Yang , Yu Yu Cheng , An Yong Liang , Li Zhou , Pang Qian Tao , Li Qing Shan , Chen Rui
Published: January 2015

Thepresent work investigated the effects of grain refiners Mg-30%La alloy on theimpact properties of Al-7Si Alloy. Theresults showed that the addition of Mg-30%La greatly fined the crystal grain. As La content increased in Al-7Si alloy,the alpha-Al with dendritic crystal were refined and the trend of the equiaxedcrystal had obvious enhancement. The introduce of the Mg-30%La cangovern the morphology of the Si phase. With increase of Mg-30%La content,refining effect was better.
Process Optimization and Characterizations of Enzyme-Extracted and Acid-Extracted Collagen from Scale of Bighead Carp
Authors: Li Min , Chen Liu Meng , Jiang Bo Quan
Published: January 2015

Collagen is an important biomedical material. Enzyme (papain) extracted collagen (EEC) and acid (citric acid) extracted collagen (AEC) were isolated from the scale of bighead carp. The process conditions of EEC and AEC were optimized, by orthogonal test method , to be: liquid/solid ratio 20 mL/g, extraction time 48 min, papain concentration 9.52×10-5 mol/L, temperature 28°C for EEC and liquid/solid ratio 20 mL/g, extraction time 36 min, citric acid concentration 0.5 mol/L, temperature 28°C for AEC.Under the optimal conditions the maximum extraction rates were 31.20% for EEC and 9.22% for AEC, respectively. Both EEC and AEC were characterized basically as type I collagen by UV spectra, infrared spectra and amino acid compositions.
Research on the Process in MIG Welding of 5A02 Aluminum Alloy Plate
Authors: Jiang De Ping , Yao Zong Xiang , Cao Zheng
Published: January 2015

10mm thick aluminum alloys 5A02 plates were welded using MIG beam in this paper.The MIG weld formation and microstructure morphology were studied,the hardness in the weld were measured, the tensile test were made.The test result shows that the cooperation of welding current,speed and root gap can lead to perfect welds.There are equiaxed grain in the central welds and cloumnar grain structure near the fusion line.The maximum hardness is in the fusion zone of joints,and the minimum is in the softening zone.
Numerical Simulation of Metal Cutting Process Based on ANSYS/LS-DYNA
Authors: Yu Song Jie , Wang Di Di , Chen Xin
Published: January 2015

Cutting process is a typical non-linear deformation problem, which involves material non-linear, geometry non-linear and the state non-linear problem. Based on the elastic-plastic material deformation theory, this theme established a strain hardening model. Build the simulation model of two-dimensional orthogonal cutting process of workpiece and tool by the finite element method (FEM), and simulate the changes of cutting force and the process of chip formation in the machining process, and analyzed the cutting force, the situation of chip deformation. The method is more efficient and effective than the traditional one, and provides a new way for metal cutting theory, research of material cutting performance and cutting tool product development.
Synthesis and Characterization of Supported on Silica Based Ionic Liquids
Authors: Guo Li Ying , Shi Jun , He Jun Hai , Huang Ji Yue , Huang Peng Cheng
Published: January 2015

Three kinds of functionalized imidazolium ionic liquid, 1-chloride (2-hydroxyethyl) -3-methyl imidazole ionic liquid [HeMIM]Cl, 1-bromide ethylamine-3-methyl imidazolium ionic liquid [AeMIM]Br and chlorinated 1-carboxyethyl-3-methyl imidazolium ionic liquid [CeMIM]Cl, were synthesized firstly. Subsequently, three kinds of supported silicon imidazolium ionic liquids were prepared from above ionic liquids with tetraethoxysilane by sol-gel method. The Chemical structure and crystal structure of the supported on silica based ionic liquids were analyzed by FTIR and XRD.
Research on Carbon Deposition Based on Remanufacture Cleaning
Authors: Shuai Yao Shuai , Jia Xiu Jie , Wang Xing , Xu Wen Han , Wang Yi Fan , Li Fa Shuang
Published: January 2015

Carbon deposit is pollutant with complicated composition and a large number of particles, it is very difficult to remove in the process of remanufacture cleaning. In this paper , carbon deposition were analyzed from the aspects of microscopic appearance, and it explains the reasons for the formation of carbon deposition.
Method about Innovation Design Based on the Function Clipping and Principle of Patent around
Authors: Li Hui , Zhang Huan Gao , Liu Li Meng , Tan Run Hua
Published: January 2015

The world has entered the time of the knowledge economy, the patent technology, which is irreplaceable, can improve the enterprise market competitiveness and sustainable development. However, because of patent barriers, the room of technology development is decreasing. Therefore, how to make full use of patent technology to innovate is becoming more and more important. The process of innovation design was based on the patent infringement principle and clipping method of TRIZ. Eventually this process which based on TRIZ was formed rationally and effectively which was applied to analysis the robot inspecting the pipeline.
A Study on the Heat Transfer in Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger with Various Baffle Types
Authors: Lee Jae Hoon , Kim Si Pom , Kim Seong Jun
Published: January 2015

Recently, variousresearches and developments of heat exchangers with high thermal efficiencyhave been in progress to save energy. Baffles are used as design variables in a way that enhancesheat transfer performance of shell and tube heat exchanger. There have beenvarious of researches and developments in the relations between baffles andheat transfer performance. Existing studies on shell and tube heat exchangersare mainly about heat transfer properties of either segmental type baffles orhelical baffles. However, there is inadequateof study with comparisons between the two types ofbaffles. Thus, this paper aims to research changes in heat transfer properties according to thenumber of segmental and helical baffles. It shows pressure drop, temperaturedifference of inlet and outlet, heating surface area of inner flow region, andheat transfer coefficient in tubes.
The Electrical Design and Research on Rooftop Photovoltaic System of Northeast Area Construction
Authors: Zhao Chun Lei , Li Tian , Liang Yun , Zhang Tuo
Published: January 2015

In recent years, civilbuilding photovoltaic system develops very soon in China. But it still in its infancystage and it is urgent to formulate and perfect the photovoltaic standardsystem for different climate zones and construction type. Aiming at thecharacteristics of northeast area of sunshine, we analyze the principle andmethod for photovoltaic system design of civil architecture, developed abuilding rooftop photovoltaic system in this paper. On building in the area ofelectrical system design, simulation of photovoltaic use PVSyst, and thephotovoltaic power generation system simulation results in northeast area ofbuilding roof is obtained.
Analysis the Structural Parameters of Multi-Ring Groove MRF Damper Affecting on the Damping Properties
Authors: Xue Jian Hai , Zhu Shi Xing
Published: January 2015

Design of a new magnetorheological damper gap structure, combined with viscous lag model, analyzed the damper structural parameters, Design the damping devices with different sizes. Comparison of the structure of the damper with different sizes after experiment, finding that the structure parameters has a significant effect on the performance of the damper. Designing a reasonable clearance structure is very important for improving the performance of MRF damper． The experimental results and the model fit have a good fitting accuracy.
Application of PLC Technology in Electrical Energy Protection System Design
Authors: Li Bing
Published: January 2015

With the rapid economic development of the times, modern electrical energy to protect the system design process, by means of the application of PLC technology, not only to ensure that the motor is running with a certain degree of security and reliability, but also to achieve the motor energy conservation and protection, thus promoting the development of China's energy-saving industrial construction.
Energy Control and Optimization of Hybrid Load-Haul-Dump
Authors: Jin Tian Xu , Lu Ya Ling
Published: January 2015

Hybrid technology is widely recognized as the most effective measure to reduce the fuel consumption in Load-Haul-Dump (LHD). Using a hybrid power system on LHD is proposed. This comprises an internal combustion engine and super capacitor. LHD has the characteristics of duty cycle. Based on the characteristics we get the hydraulic power demand,electric transmission power demand. We propose an energy control strategy to reasonably distribute power of hybrid energy sources. With the help of control strategy, super capacitor can be restricted to work in a pre-defined range of SOC characterized by higher efficiency region. We also analyze the super capacitor charging/discharging process. In order to realize the fuel economy fullest, we optimize the design parameter using the simulated annealing algorithm. The simulation results show that improvement in fuel economy was about 11.3% better than that of before the optimization.
Advanced Ultrasonic Testing Technologies with Applications to Evaluation of Steel Bridge Welding - An Overview
Authors: Lin Zhi Bin , Azarmi Fardad , Al-Kaseasbeh Qusay , Azimi Mohsen , Yan Fei
Published: January 2015

Non-destructive evaluation (NDE) methods are widely accepted for quality control of welding in steel bridges. Recent development of advanced ultrasonic testing technologies enriched the categories of NDE methods used for steel bridges and more importantly these enhanced techniques provided more effective flaw detection and characterization. No guidelines, however, is available in existing bridge welding code for their more widespread applications to bridges. In this study, we overview the state-of-the-art advanced ultrasonic testing technologies in welding inspection. Benefits of the enhanced ultrasonic testing technologies are summarized, aiming to pave the way for deciding methods need for various steel bridge welding inspections.
Circuit Design of Eyesight Protection Device which is Based on a Single Chip
Authors: Zhu Min
Published: January 2015

Design the circuit of vision protector based on 8051 single chip microcontroller. The core of hardware is the 8051 single chip microcomputer, function circuit including sensor auxiliary sit straight alarm circuit, light alarm circuit, timing alarm circuit and alarm circuit. Have a basic understanding of SCM, then design each functional circuit, development software system, complete the design.
Information Network Service in the Rural City of Connotation Type Role in
Authors: Zhao Wei , Li Fang Yun
Published: January 2015

in China's national conditions, to achieve the production method and theoptimal urban lifestyle choice is connotative urbanization road. Networkinformation service plays a positive role in promoting the realization of theruralurbanization in connotation, the government should play a guidingandpromoting the function of public finance, construction of ruralinformationnetwork service.
BP Neural Network Model Selection of Software Reliability Based on MATLAB
Authors: Song Shao Yun , Luo Mao , Zhou Hong Ming
Published: January 2015

Research and analysis of the BP neural networkstructure and features. Find its shortcomingsand propose an improved method for the deficiencies, and establish the neural network softwarereliability of the new model.Through MATLAB simulation tools forexamples of simulation, confirmed the new model year with the traditional modelof high-precision, the characteristics of generalization stronger.
The Analysis of Lift Transport Platform Static Strength Based on ANSYS
Authors: Si Yun Fei , Chen Chong , Liu Biao Jie
Published: January 2015

Through the establishment of a lift transport platform finite element model, using Ansys / workbench to calculate its corresponding analysis to improve performance and meet the requirements, as well as improve design efficiency and reduce the cost.
The Quantitative Research of Impact of Climate Change and Reservoir Operation on the Runoff
Authors: Bi Yan Jie , Zhao Yong , Xiao Wei Hua , Zhou Xiang Nan , Zhang Shou Ping
Published: January 2015

This paper establishes an integrated platform by coupling SWAT model and RegCM3 model which is used in the lancing-Mekong river. Based on the integrated platform, the author quantitatively studies the impact of the climate change and reservoir operation on the runoff of lower reaches of the Lancing-Mekong river in different scenarios. The results show that: In the next twenty years, both of climate change and reservoir operation will lead to a drop of the runoff. Of all the factors of Lancang-Mekong river runoff decrease, reservoir operation contributes to 12% and climate change 88%, so the major cause of the change of the runoff is climate change. In the impact factors of climate change, the contribution rate of temperature change accounts for 81% and precipitation change 19%. The author thinks that the most important influence factor of the lower reaches of the Lancang-Mekong river runoff is temperature change.
Studies on the Protection of Aircraft Oil Tank’s Microbic Erosion Based on Properties of Machinery and Biological Materials
Authors: Wei Zheng , Wang Fang Chao , Wang Yuan Sheng , Yu Hong Wei
Published: January 2015

Microbiological corrosion to the aircraft fuel system caused by microbial growth and reproduction in aviation fuel may also lead a serious safety risk to aircraft. Categories of microorganism in aircraft fuel tanks,reasons and protection methods of microbial corrosion were summarized and the research of microbiologically influenced corrosion protection which connected with quaternary ammonium germicides was prospected in this paper.
Design of Wheel Lifting Hydraulic System for Amphibious Vehicle
Authors: Li Xiao Tong , Xie Li Qin , Wang Hong Bing , Zhai Fang Fang , Wang Hong , Zhao Li Jie
Published: January 2015

In accordance to the drawback of amphibious vehicle's low speed in water, a new kind of folding mechanism based on double wishbone suspension is proposed. Referring to the working conditions of the wheel lifted mechanism, the hydraulic circuit, which provides with the functions of pressure limiting, locked and pressure retaining, is designed to ensure the accuracy of wheel lifted and the driving safety. The appropriate hydraulic cylinders, hydraulic components and auxiliary components are chosen due to the hydraulic system load and the maximum flow rate.
Progress in Hypersonic Inlet Flow Controls by Magnetohydrodynamic
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Hong Guang , Zhang Dong Yu , Cheng Fu Qianag
Published: January 2015

The magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow control techniques for inlet based on “AJAX” vehicle concept have attracted many researchers’ attention for its potential wide applications in the supersonic flights or the hypersonic ones. In this paper, a preliminary discussion for basic problems that are ionization and magnetic field in the MHD applications is presented. And three major MHD techniques for enhancing inlet aerodynamic performance and operability, which are large scale flow control for enlarging flight scope in Mach/angle-of-attack, near surface flow control for shock wave/boundary layer interaction and leading edge heating-transfer control for enormous thermal load on leading edge of the compression ramp, are briefly explained and reviewed.
Numerical Simulation of Oblique Towing Tests and Rotating Arm Tests for a Submarine Model in Same Grid Topology
Authors: Cao Liu Shuai , Zhu Jun , Zeng Guang Hui
Published: January 2015

The numerical simulation of oblique towing tests (OTT) and rotating arm tests (RAT) for a submarine model was undertaken with the same grid topology. As for the OTT simulation, to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the computation, the drift sweep procedure was adopted. In contrast with the steady drift case, rotating motion for a submarine is more complex. The rotating reference frame was adopted to deal with the rotation problem. The Coriolis force and centrifugal force due to the computation in a body-fixed rotating coordinate system were treated explicitly and added to the momentum equations as source terms. The user-defined boundary conditions were coded to give the correct magnitude and direction of entrance velocity. Lastly, the computed forces and moments as a function of drift angle during the two kinds of simulations were compared with experimental results, as well as literature values. They always show the correct trend. The flow field and streamline patterns in rotating motion were depicted. It indicates that the method used in the paper is reliable and the same grid topology can be used for the simulation of two simplified maneuvers.
Proposal of Software Solution to Distant Access of the Alarm Registration Centre to Technical Equipment
Authors: Nemlaha Eduard , Miksa Frantisek , Hrcka Lukas
Published: January 2015

The distant access of the alarm registration centre to technical devices increases the technical specialists ́ productivity since they do not have to travel physically to the customers who are tens kilometres away. Due to the elimination of the need to travel, the time is saved and the operational costs of controlled devices are significantly lowered. The distant access solution has already been implemented in practice and provides the technicians of the assembly company with the preliminary default diagnostics, and thus accelerating their removal.
The Origin of the Ferroelectricity in the Bismuth Titanate Bi4Ti3O12 with Perovskite-Like Layered Structure
Authors: Bartkowska Joanna A. , Dercz Jolanta , Michalik Daniel
Published: January 2015

The goal of this study was to investigate the origin of ferroelectricity in Bi4Ti3O12. The bismuth titanate Bi4Ti3O12 (BTO), which belongs to the Aurivillius family, is one of the most interesting compounds among the bismuth-based layered ceramics. BTO is a ferroelectric material with wide applications in the electronic industry, as capacitors, transducers, memory devices and sensors. Aurivillius structures are described with a general formula following form:Am-1Bi2BmO3m-1. BTO ceramic materials is an Aurivillius structure with m = 3. This ceramic materials were prepared by conventional mixed-oxide method of the solid state reaction. The temperature of the Bi4Ti3O12 sintering was selected on basis of thermogravimetric studies. The crystal structure of Bi4Ti3O12 was examined at room temperature with an X-ray diffraction method. Phase formation behavior was investigated using the differential thermal analysis (DTA) and the thermal gravimetric (TG). The microstructure was investigated by SEM method. Based on the Dorrian’s model, the value of displacements between bismuth ions and oxygen octahedra was calculated.
Industrial Experiments Filtration of Steel
Authors: Janiszewski Krystian , Gajdzik Bożena , Gryc Karel , Socha Ladislav , Bogdał Agnieszka
Published: January 2015

The research on the process of steel filtration from non-metallic inclusions is currently entering the last phase of industrial experiments. Their positive effects confirm the previous theoretical assumptions and laboratory tests. The application of steel filtration as a permanent technological operation in the process of steel casting will remarkably improve its metallurgic purity. An additional advantage will be diminishing the probability of covering the outlet nozzle of a tundish. This paper presents an outline of the experiment results mentioned above.
Preparation of SiCw-ZTA Composites by Two-Step Sintering or Spark Plasma Sintering
Authors: Czerska Elwira , Pyda Waldemar , Moskała Norbert , Huczko Andrzej , Dąbrowska Agnieszka
Published: January 2015

Alumina materials are widely used in the industry as cutting tool inserts. In order to improve mechanical properties of the Al2O3 matrix, different reinforcing phases are introduced. In the presented work, reinforcements in the form of ZrO2 particles and SiC nanofibres have been used. ZTA-SiC composites were obtained from 0.5%MgO-20%(3Y2O3)ZrO2-79.5%Al2O3 powder and 15% of SiC whiskers. Tested materials have been prepared by means of the two-step sintering (TSS) and spark plasma sintering (SPS). TSS method permits to obtain dense materials with fine-grained microstructure. TSS has been carried out for two different sintering times: 1 hour 20 minutes and 8 hours. Due to the reactivity of the components, the SPS method has been used to shorten sintering times. SPS has been performed at two different temperatures: 1500 °C and 1550 °C.
Antibody-Opsonized Bacteria Evoke an Inflammatory Dendritic Cell Phenotype and Polyfunctional Th Cells by Cross-Talk between TLRs and FcRs
Authors: Bakema Jantine E. , Tuk Cornelis W. , van Vliet Sandra J. , Bruijns Sven C. , Vos Joost B. , Letsiou Sophia , Dijkstra Christien D. , van Kooyk Yvette , Brenkman Arjan B. , van Egmond Marjolein
Published: January 2015

During secondary immune responses, Ab-opsonized bacteria are efficiently taken up via FcRs by dendritic cells. We now demonstrate that this process induces cross-talk between FcRs and TLRs, which results in synergistic release of several inflammatory cytokines, as well as altered lipid metabolite profiles. This altered inflammatory profile redirects Th1 polarization toward Th17 cell responses. Interestingly, GM-CSF–producing Th cells were synergistically evoked as well, which suggests the onset of polyfunctional Th17 cells. Synergistic cytokine release was dependent on activation via MyD88 and ITAM signaling pathways through TLRs and FcRs, respectively. Cytokine regulation occurred via transcription-dependent mechanisms for TNF-α and IL-23 and posttranscriptional mechanisms for caspase-1–dependent release of IL-1β. Furthermore, cross-talk between TLRs and FcRs was not restricted to dendritic cells. In conclusion, our results support that bacteria alone initiate fundamentally different immune responses compared with Ab-opsonized bacteria through the combined action of two classes of receptors and, ultimately, may refine new therapies for inflammatory diseases.
Acquisition of Activation Receptor Ligand by Trogocytosis Renders NK Cells Hyporesponsive
Authors: Miner Cathrine A. , Giri Tusar K. , Meyer Claire E. , Shabsovich Mark , Tripathy Sandeep K.
Published: January 2015

Because NK cells secrete cytotoxic granules and cytokines that can destroy surrounding cells and help shape the subsequent immune response, they must be kept under tight control. Several mechanisms, at different levels, are in place to control NK cell function. In this study, we describe a novel mechanism regulating NK cell function in which NK cells acquire ligands for activating receptors from target cells by trogocytosis, rendering the NK cells hyporesponsive. In this model, murine NK cells acquire m157, the murine CMV–encoded ligand for the Ly49H-activating receptor, from target cells both in vitro and in vivo. Although acquisition of m157 requires cell-to-cell contact, it does not require the expression of the Ly49H receptor by the NK cell. Acquired m157 protein is expressed on the NK cell surface with a glycosylphosphatidylinisotol linkage and interacts with the Ly49H receptor expressed on the NK cell. This interaction results in blocking the Ly49H receptor that prevents the NK cells from recognizing m157-expressing targets and continuous engagement of the Ly49H-activating receptor, which results in the hyporesponsiveness of the Ly49H+ NK cell to stimulation through other activating receptors. Thus, NK cell acquisition of a ligand for an activation receptor by trogocytosis renders them hyporesponsive. This mechanism, by which mature NK cell function can be altered, has important implications in regard to how NK cells respond to tumors in specific microenvironments as well as the use of expanded NK cells in treating various malignancies.
Effects of radiation pressure and earth’s oblatness on high altitude artificial satellite orbit
Authors: Khalil Khalil I. , Ismail Mohamed N.S.
Published: January 2015

This paper is devoted to study the effects of radiation pressure together with tesseral and zonal harmonics on the high altitude artificial satellites orbits. The equations of motion were regularized by using the KS variables and the problem was solved numerically using the fourth order of Runge Kutta method. A numerical testing was performed on Lageos-1 satellite in order to analyze its orbital changes due to effects of both radiation pressure and Earth's oblateness.
Single case designs in psychology practice
Authors: Sexton-Radek Kathy
Published: January 2015

A brief overview highlighting key elements of single case design is presented. Four types of single case design are identified. Central elements and the value of the use of single case designs are underscored.
Impact on participation and autonomy: test of validity and reliability for older persons
Authors: Ottenvall Hammar Isabelle , Ekelund Christina , Wilhelmson Katarina , Eklund Kajsa
Published: January 2015

In research and healthcare it is important to measure older persons’ self-determination in order to improve their possibilities to decide for themselves in daily life. The questionnaire Impact on Participation and Autonomy (IPA) assesses self-determination, but is not constructed for older persons. The aim of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of the IPA-S questionnaire for persons aged 70 years and older. The study was performed in two steps; first a validity test of the Swedish version of the questionnaire, IPA-S, followed by a reliability test-retest of an adjusted version. The validity was tested with focus groups and individual interviews on persons aged 77-88 years, and the reliability on persons aged 70-99 years. The validity test result showed that IPA-S is valid for older persons but it was too extensive and the phrasing of the items needed adjustments. The reliability test-retest on the adjusted questionnaire, IPA-Older persons (IPA-O), showed that 15 of 22 items had high agreement. IPA-O can be used to measure older persons’ self-determination in their care and rehabilitation.
Effects of host plants on digestive enzymatic activities and some components involved in intermediary metabolism of Chrysodeixis chalcites (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Mardani-Talaee M. , Rahimi V. , Zibaee A.
Published: January 2015

Chrysodeixis chalcites (Esper) is a serious pest that causes devastating damages in infested areas to many fruits, vegetables, ornamental crops and weeds. In the current study, effects of three host plants including lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.); corn (Zea mays L.) and dill (Anethum graveolens L.) were determined on digestive enzyme activities and intermediary metabolism of C. chalcites larvae. The highest activities of α-amylase, glucosidases and specific proteases were observed in the larvae fed on dill. Our results showed that C. chalcites larvae had the highest TAG-lipase activity on corn in comparison with other host plants. Significant differences were found among enzymatic activities of acid (ACP) and alkaline phosphatases, aspartate aminotransferases and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the haemolymph of C. chalcites larvae reared on lemon balm, corn and dill, respectively, although activity of alanine aminotransferase showed no statistically significant differences among different host plants. The enzymatic activity of ACP significantly decreased on dill in comparison with lemon balm and corn. The activity of LDH significantly increased on dill compared with other host plants. These results revealed that dill (A. graveolens) is the most appropriate host plant for larvae of C. chalcites as evidenced by the highest digestive enzyme activities and intermediary metabolism.
Synanthropic flies of Asir Province, southwest of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Kenawy M.A. , Al Ashry H.A. , Shobrak M.
Published: January 2015

A survey of synanthropic flies was carried out in 11 slaughter houses in 8 localities representing different altitudes in Asir. Flies were sampled twice a month from December 2008 to November 2009 by Final Flight Fly Traps. A total of 11,737 flies consisting of 19 species, belonging to 7 families were collected, of which those of family Muscidae predominated (94.88%) followed by Calliphoridae (3.12%), Sarcophagidae (1.22%) and Fanniidae (0.55%). The other 5 families (Piophilidae, Oestridae, Phoridae, Ulidiidae and Lonchaeidae) totally represented 0.79%. Of the identified species, Musca domestica was predominant (94.26%) followed by Lucilia sericata (1.51%), Sarcophaga carnaria (1.01%), Chrysomya albiceps (0.67%), Fannia canicularis (0.55%), Chrysomya marginalis (0.54%), Muscina stabulans (0.52%), Calliphora vicina (0.39%), Wohlfahrtia nuba (0.14%), Megaselia scalaris (0.08%), Lonchaea sp. (0.06), Bercaea cruentata (0.05), Ophyra sp. and Oestrus ovis (0.04% each), Atherigona sp., Piophila casie and Physiphora demandala (0.03% each) and Parasarcophaga ruficornis (0.01). Flies altogether were more common (16 spp., 84.21%) and abundant (36.45 fly/trap) in highlands than in the other altitude levels. The highlands were found with the maximum Simpson (1-D=0.18) and Shannon (H=0.49, P<0.001) diversity indices. Likewise, the highest density of M. domestica was in the highlands (P<0.05). Regression analysis confirmed that house fly density was directly related to the altitude level (P<0.05). In all altitude levels, housefly was active during the whole year with higher activities during months of low and moderate temperatures (spring, autumn and winter seasons). Analysis revealed that fly density had inverse relation with temperature.
Nature of chiral drugs and their occurrence in environment
Authors: Sharma Bhavtosh
Published: January 2015

Effectiveness of chiral drugs is very well established against several lethal diseases. The demand of chiral drugs is increasing day by day. Besides this, the racemization of some chiral drugs is also found in biological as well as in environmental matrices. The analysis of chiral drugs has become a necessary Research and Development Unit task for any analytical scientist, pharmaceutical institute or pharma industry considering not only the specific role of these drugs for better and suitable treatment of any lethal disease but also for their occurrence and fate in environmental matrices. The present article highlights the importance, bioactivities, occurrence and fate of chiral drugs in environment.
Exploring the contemporary ethical challenges in coaching psychology in South Africa
Authors: Simon Claire E. , Odendaal Aletta , Goosen Xenia
Published: January 2015

Orientation: This article focuses on the contemporary ethical challenges in coaching psychology in the South African context.Research purpose: The primary objective was to qualitatively explore the contemporary ethical challenges faced by coaching psychologists when coaching clients and organisations and develop an exploratory framework of ethical challenges.Motivation for the study: There may not be sufficient practical guidance to resolving the ethical challenges coaching psychologists encounter when coaching clients within organisations.In addition, available codes of ethics may not fundamentally cover all important ethical challenges, particularly in the South African context.Research approach, design and method: An interpretative paradigm with an explorative approach was applied. Semi-structured interviews and the Delphi technique were used to gather data from 16 participants who were purposively selected: six coaching psychologists were interviewed, whilst feedback from 10 expert panel members was obtained using the Delphi technique. The data was analysed using thematic analysis.Main findings: The findings point to a number of common ethical challenges in coaching psychology, as well as the typical ethical principles used by psychologists who coach as a guide to best ethical practice. The exploratory framework represents the broad systemic outline of factors that contribute to the ethical challenges and articulates these from the coach’s, coachee’s and organisation’s perspective.Practical/managerial implications: The framework can be applied by professionals and coaching clients and can be utilised proactively in identifying potential ethical challenges in the coaching relationship.Contribution/value-add: The framework identifies ethical principles that could be used as the foundation for a code of ethics in coaching psychology.
Существенные сигнатуры и канонические базисы неприводимых представлений группы $G_{2}$
Authors: Gornitskii Andrey Aleksandrovich
Published: January 2015

В работе рассматриваются представления простых алгебр Ли
и вопрос построения "канонического" весового базиса
в произвольном неприводимом конечномерном модуле старшего веса.
Э. Б. Винберг предложил метод построения таких базисов
путем применения к старшему вектору понижающих операторов,
отвечающих всем отрицательным корням, и выдвинул ряд гипотез
об их параметризации и структуре. Из работ Е. Б. Фейгина,
Фурье (G. Fourier) и Литтельмана (P. Littelmann) следует истинность
этих гипотез для случаев $A_n$, $C_{n}$. В данной работе
эти гипотезы доказываются для случая $G_2$
с помощью другого подхода, предложенного Винбергом.
Библиография: 7 названий.
Increasing Prevalence of Plasmodium vivax Among Febrile Patients in Nouakchott, Mauritania
Authors: Ould Ahmedou Salem Mohamed Salem , Mint Lekweiry Khadijetou , Mint Deida Jemila , Ould Emouh Ahmed , Ould Weddady Mohamed , Ould Mohamed Salem Boukhary Ali , Basco Leonardo K.
Published: January 2015

The occurrence of Plasmodium vivax malaria was reported in Nouakchott, Mauritania in the 1990s. Several studies have suggested the frequent occurrence of P. vivax malaria among Nouakchott residents, including those without recent travel history to the southern part of the country where malaria is known to be endemic. To further consolidate the evidence for P. vivax endemicity and the extent of malaria burden in one district in the city of Nouakchott, febrile illnesses were monitored in 2012–2013 in the Teyarett health center. The number of laboratory-confirmed P. vivax cases has attained more than 2,000 cases in 2013. Malaria transmission occurs locally, and P. vivax is diagnosed throughout the year. Plasmodium vivax malaria is endemic in Nouakchott and largely predominates over Plasmodium falciparum.
Malaria Risk Factors in Dielmo, A Senegalese Malaria-Endemic Village, Between October and November of 2013: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Wotodjo Amélé N. , Diagne Nafissatou , Gaudart Jean , Richard Vincent , Raoult Didier , Sokhna Cheikh
Published: January 2015

The incidence of malaria has decreased recently in parts of Africa, coinciding with the widespread use of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLINs) and artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT). This reduction was also observed in Dielmo, our study area, and it was associated with the use of ACT as the first-line treatment against malaria beginning in 2006 and the implementation of LLINs in 2008. However, an unexplained slight increase in malaria incidence was observed in October and November of 2013. The aim of this study was to identify individual and environmental risk factors for malaria using a case-control study approach. Thirty cases and sixty controls were investigated. The use of LLINs was protective against malaria (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.10; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 0.02–0.45; P = 0.003). The risk of malaria transmission was high among villagers who watched television outside the house or the bedroom during the night (AOR = 8.83; 95% CI = 1.39–56.22; P = 0.021). The use of LLINs should be reinforced by the use of individual protection measures to avoid malaria transmission outside of the home.
Development towards a global operational aerosol consensus: basic climatological characteristics of the International Cooperative for Aerosol Prediction Multi-Model Ensemble (ICAP-MME)
Authors: Sessions W. R. , Reid J. S. , Benedetti A. , Colarco P. R. , da Silva A. , Lu S. , Sekiyama T. , Tanaka T. Y. , Baldasano J. M. , Basart S. , Brooks M. E. , Eck T. F. , Iredell M. , Hansen J. A. , Jorba O. C. , Juang H.-M. H. , Lynch P. , Morcrette J.-J. , Moorthi S. , Mulcahy J. , Pradhan Y. , Razinger M. , Sampson C. B. , Wang J. , Westphal D. L.
Published: January 2015

Abstract. Here we present the first steps in developing a global multi-model aerosol forecasting ensemble intended for eventual operational and basic research use. Drawing from members of the International Cooperative for Aerosol Prediction (ICAP) latest generation of quasi-operational aerosol models, 5-day aerosol optical thickness (AOT) forecasts are analyzed for December 2011 through November 2012 from four institutions: European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), and Naval Research Lab/Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center (NRL/FNMOC). For dust, we also include the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration-National Geospatial Advisory Committee (NOAA NGAC) product in our analysis. The Barcelona Supercomputing Centre and UK Met Office dust products have also recently become members of ICAP, but have insufficient data to be included in this analysis period. A simple consensus ensemble of member and mean AOT fields for modal species (e.g., fine and coarse mode, and a separate dust ensemble) is used to create the ICAP Multi-Model Ensemble (ICAP-MME). The ICAP-MME is run daily at 00:00 UTC for 6-hourly forecasts out to 120 h. Basing metrics on comparisons to 21 regionally representative Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) sites, all models generally captured the basic aerosol features of the globe. However, there is an overall AOT low bias among models, particularly for high AOT events. Biomass burning regions have the most diversity in seasonal average AOT. The Southern Ocean, though low in AOT, nevertheless also has high diversity. With regard to root mean square error (RMSE), as expected the ICAP-MME placed first over all models worldwide, and was typically first or second in ranking against all models at individual sites. These results are encouraging; furthermore, as more global operational aerosol models come online, we expect their inclusion in a robust operational multi-model ensemble will provide valuable aerosol forecasting guidance.
El paisaje sonoro como cápsula del tiempo: Un proyecto creativo basado en los sonidos de la primera estación de trenes de Cuenca
Authors: Ariza-Pomareta Javier
Published: January 2015

Este artículo reflexiona sobre la transformación del entorno a través del paso del tiempo y cómo determinadas tecnologías al servicio de una propuesta creativa permiten la preservación y transmisión de una parte significativa de ese efímero patrimonio a generaciones futuras. Dentro de ese propósito general se presenta este proyecto particular orientado a la realización de la síntesis sonora de un paisaje urbano tan concreto como representa la estación de trenes convencionales de Cuenca –ubicada en el centro de la ciudad– que pudiera ser conservado y reproducido como un singular documento de un presente contrastable en el tiempo futuro: una memoria que interpretase el sonido como una cápsula del tiempo. Nuestro paisaje sonoro se realizó con motivo de la llegada oficial del tren de alta velocidad en 2010 a una nueva estación construida en el extrarradio de la ciudad. El objetivo de esta investigación se centró, por tanto, en generar un documento sintético que ofreciera una memoria sonora que reflejara los rasgos significativos sociales, culturales y logísticos del que fue hasta entonces el único símbolo de la comunicación ferroviaria en la ciudad de Cuenca desde 1883 hasta el final de la primera década del siglo XXI.
Bembicine wasps (Crabronidae, Bembicinae) of Marambaia Island (Mangaratiba, RJ, Brazil): preliminary inventory of species and bionomic notes
Authors: Guimarães Ronald Rodrigues , Buys Sandor Christiano , Vivallo Felipe , Guimarães Junior Ronald Rodrigues , Rodrigues Harlan Ronald Storti , Guimarães Roney Rodrigues , Seppa Gilberto dos Santos , Carvalho Raimundo Wildon de
Published: January 2015

Bembicine wasps (Crabronidae, Bembicinae) of Marambaia Island (Mangaratiba, RJ, Brazil): preliminary inventory of species and bionomic notes
Perspectivas relacionais sobre o conhecimento e a autoridade etnográfica no Alto Rio Negro
Authors: Vinente dos Santos Fabiane
Published: January 2015

O artigo aborda as perspectivas relacionais de antropólogos, acadêmicos indígenas e especialistas xamânicos sobre a gestão dos conhecimentos endógenos e exógenos no Alto Rio Negro. As relações de colaboração e/ou antagonismo estabelecidas, a figura do etnógrafo e o papel da antropologia como instância de legitimação/deslegitimação dos sujeitos envolvidos neste processo são os objetos da discussão. Palavras-chave: Alto Rio Negro; autoridade etnográfica; conhecimento
Ensino Jurídico e Legitimação de Definições do Direito: Elementos para uma sociologia da expansão da pós-graduação em direito no Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Engelmann Fabiano
Published: January 2015

O presente trabalho se propõe a realizar uma sociologia do campo jurídico do Rio Grande do Sul na década de 1990. Foi analisada a estreita correspondência entre a diferenciação do ensino do direito, como lugar de produção de definições de problemas jurídicos, e a mobilização de determinados usos da advocacia e das carreiras de Estado, neste período. Esta relação permite apreender a emergência da carreira acadêmica como espaço de produção de concepções e usos específicos do direito. Tal processo está estreitamente ligado ao reposicionamento dos juristas no espaço de poder no Brasil, após as mudanças na conjuntura política do país que têm sua expressão institucional na promulgação da Constituição de 1988.