bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Views of Indian Migrants on Adaptation of Child Oral Health Leaflets: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Arora Amit , Maharaj Roneel , Naidu Seemagni , Chimoriya Ritesh , Bhole Sameer , Nash Simone , Jones Charlotte
Published: January 2021

The aim of this study was to gain insight on the views of Hindi-speaking mothers on readily available English language oral health education materials and to evaluate the acceptability of Hindi language adapted versions of these materials. This qualitative study is nested within an ongoing multi-centre birth cohort study in Greater Western Sydney, Australia. Following purposive selection of Hindi-speaking mothers (n = 19), a semi-structured interview was conducted. Two English leaflets were mailed to participants prior to the interview. The simplified English and translated Hindi versions of the leaflets were provided at the interview, and the participants were asked to compare and evaluate all three versions. Interviews were audio recorded, and thematic analysis was used to analyse data from interview transcripts. A majority of the participants reported a certain degree of difficulty in reading and comprehending oral health messages in Hindi. Although Hindi translations were accurate, mothers preferred the simplified English as opposed to the Hindi version. Visual illustrations and a simple layout facilitated the understanding of oral health messages. Developers of oral health education leaflets should thoroughly research their prospective user groups, particularly migrant populations, and identify the need for simplified or translated oral health education leaflets.
Distribution of Five Aquatic Plants Native to South America and Invasive Elsewhere under Current Climate
Authors: Lozano Vanessa
Published: January 2021

Biological invasions and climate pose two of the most important challenges facing global biodiversity. Certainly, climate change may intensify the impacts of invasion by allowing invasive plants to increase in abundance and further expand their ranges. For example, most aquatic alien plants in temperate climate are of tropical and subtropical origins and the northern limits of their ranges are generally determined by minimum winter temperatures, and they will probably expand their distributions northwards if climate warms. The distribution of five invasive aquatic plants in freshwater systems across continents were investigated. Their global distributions in the current climate were modeled using a recently developed ensemble species distribution model approach, specifically designed to account for dispersal constraints on the distributions of range-expanding species. It was found that the species appear capable of substantial range expansion, and that low winter temperature is the strongest factor limiting their invasion. These findings can be used to identify areas at risk of recently introduction of neophytes, and develop future monitoring programs for aquatic ecosystems, prioritizing control efforts, which enables the effective use of ecological niche models to forecast aquatic invasion in other geographic regions.
Coffee and Yeasts: From Flavor to Biotechnology
Authors: Ruta Lavinia Liliana , Farcasanu Ileana Cornelia
Published: January 2021

Coffee is one of the most consumed beverages in the world, and its popularity has prompted the necessity to constantly increase the variety and improve the characteristics of coffee as a general commodity. The popularity of coffee as a staple drink has also brought undesired side effects, since coffee production, processing and consumption are all accompanied by impressive quantities of coffee-related wastes which can be a threat to the environment. In this review, we integrated the main studies on fermentative yeasts used in coffee-related industries with emphasis on two different directions: (1) the role of yeast strains in the postharvest processing of coffee, the possibilities to use them as starting cultures for controlled fermentation and their impact on the sensorial quality of processed coffee, and (2) the potential to use yeasts to capitalize on coffee wastes—especially spent coffee grounds—in the form of eco-friendly biomass, biofuel or fine chemical production.
Extraction Complex Properties of the Nonlinear Modified Alpha Equation
Authors: Baskonus Haci Mehmet , Ercan Muzaffer
Published: January 2021

This paper applies one of the special cases of auxiliary method, which is named as the Bernoulli sub-equation function method, to the nonlinear modified alpha equation. The characteristic properties of these solutions, such as complex and soliton solutions, are extracted. Moreover, the strain conditions of solutions are also reported in detail. Observing the figures plotted by considering various values of parameters of these solutions confirms the effectiveness of the approximation method used for the governing model.
OpenForecast v2: Development and Benchmarking of the First National-Scale Operational Runoff Forecasting System in Russia
Authors: Ayzel Georgy
Published: January 2021

Operational national-scale hydrological forecasting systems are widely used in many countries for flood early warning systems and water management. However, this kind of system has never been implemented in Russia. OpenForecast v2—the first national-scale operational runoff forecasting system in Russia—has been developed and deployed to fill this gap. OpenForecast v2 delivers 7 day-ahead streamflow forecasts for 843 gauges across Russia. The verification study has been carried out using 244 gauges for which operational streamflow data were openly available and quality-controlled for the entire verification period (14 March–6 July 2020). The results showed that the developed system provides reliable and skillful runoff forecasts for up to one week. The benchmark testing against climatology and persistence forecasts showed that the system provides skillful predictions for most analyzed basins. OpenForecast v2 is in operational use and is openly available on the Internet.
How and When Job Crafting Relates to Employee Creativity: The Important Roles of Work Engagement and Perceived Work Group Status Diversity
Authors: Tian Wenqing , Wang Huatian , Rispens Sonja
Published: January 2021

Creative employees are treasured assets for organizations. However, relatively little is known about what specific actions employees can take to manage their own creative process. Taking a motivational perspective, this study examined how job crafting behaviors positively link to employee creative performance through work engagement, and whether perceived work group status diversity moderates this relationship. We conducted a weekly diary study in which 55 employees from a Chinese energy company were asked to fill in diaries over four consecutive weeks (176 observations in total). Results of the multilevel analyses showed that weekly job crafting behaviors were positively related to weekly creative performance through increasing weekly work engagement. In contrast to our expectation, we found that weekly job crafting behaviors were more positively related to weekly creative performance when perceived work group status diversity was high. In summary, our study suggests that job crafting behaviors are effective actions employees can take to manage their creative processes through increasing work engagement. In addition, we stress that status diversity in existing work environments is an important contextual factor that shapes the job crafting process.
Presynaptic Inhibition of Pain and Touch in the Spinal Cord: From Receptors to Circuits
Authors: Comitato Antonella , Bardoni Rita
Published: January 2021

Sensory primary afferent fibers, conveying touch, pain, itch, and proprioception, synapse onto spinal cord dorsal horn neurons. Primary afferent central terminals express a wide variety of receptors that modulate glutamate and peptide release. Regulation of the amount and timing of neurotransmitter release critically affects the integration of postsynaptic responses and the coding of sensory information. The role of GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) receptors expressed on afferent central terminals is particularly important in sensory processing, both in physiological conditions and in sensitized states induced by chronic pain. During the last decade, techniques of opto- and chemogenetic stimulation and neuronal selective labeling have provided interesting insights on this topic. This review focused on the recent advances about the modulatory effects of presynaptic GABAergic receptors in spinal cord dorsal horn and the neural circuits involved in these mechanisms.
Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS): Major Impact on Lives of Both Patients and Family Members
Authors: Brittain Esme , Muirhead Nina , Finlay Andrew Y. , Vyas Jui
Published: January 2021

Background and objectives: To explore the impacts that Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) has on the patient and their family members using the WHOQOL-BREF (Abbreviated World Health Organisation Quality of Life questionnaire) and FROM-16 (Family Reported Outcome Measure-16) quality of life assessments. Materials and Methods: A quantitative research study using postal questionnaires was conducted. A total of 39 adult volunteers expressed an interest in participating in the study: 24 returned appropriately completed questionnaires. Patients with ME/CFS completed the WHOQOL-BREF and up to four of their family members completed the FROM-16 questionnaire. Results: ME/CFS negatively affects the quality of life of the patient (median scores WHOQOL-BREF: Physical health = 19, Psychological = 44, Social relationships = 37.5, Environment = 56, n = 24) and their family members’ quality of life (FROM-16: Emotional = 9.5, Personal and social = 11.5, Overall = 20.5, n = 42). There was a significant correlation between the patient’s reported quality of life scores and their family members’ mean FROM-16 total scores. Conclusions: This study identifies the major impact that having an adult family member with ME/CFS has on the lives of partners and of other family members. Quality of life of ME/CFS patients was reduced most by physical health compared to the other domains. Quality of life of family members was particularly impacted by worry, family activities, frustration and sadness. This highlights the importance of measuring the impact on the lives of family members using tools such as the FROM-16 in the ME/CFS clinical encounter and ensuring appropriate support is widely available to family members.
The Microbiome and Its Implications in Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Choudhry Hani
Published: January 2021

Cancer is responsible for ~18 million deaths globally each year, representing a major cause of death. Several types of therapy strategies such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy and more recently immunotherapy, have been implemented in treating various types of cancer. Microbes have recently been found to be both directly and indirectly involved in cancer progression and regulation, and studies have provided novel and clear insights into the microbiome-mediated emergence of cancers. Scientists around the globe are striving hard to identify and characterize these microbes and the underlying mechanisms by which they promote or suppress various kinds of cancer. Microbes may influence immunotherapy by blocking various cell cycle checkpoints and the production of certain metabolites. Hence, there is an urgent need to better understand the role of these microbes in the promotion and suppression of cancer. The identification of microbes may help in the development of future diagnostic tools to cure cancers possibly associated with the microbiome. This review mainly focuses on various microbes and their association with different types of cancer, responses to immunotherapeutic modulation, physiological responses, and prebiotic and postbiotic effects.
General Formulas for the Central and Non-Central Moments of the Multinomial Distribution
Authors: Ouimet Frédéric
Published: January 2021

We present the first general formulas for the central and non-central moments of the multinomial distribution, using a combinatorial argument and the factorial moments previously obtained in Mosimann (1962). We use the formulas to give explicit expressions for all the non-central moments up to order 8 and all the central moments up to order 4. These results expand significantly on those in Newcomer (2008) and Newcomer et al. (2008), where the non-central moments were calculated up to order 4.
Seasonality Effects on the Mineral Profile of Goats Farmed in the Semiarid Region of Brazil
Authors: Lima Joseney , Vale Rodolfo , Sousa Rejane , Nunes Talyta , Gameleira Jucélio , Cavalcante Jerson , Minervino Antonio , Ortolani Enrico , Barrêto Júnior Raimundo
Published: January 2021

Seasonality effects on the mineral profile of goats were evaluated. Fifty males were divided into two groups, one with mineral supplementation and one control. Seasonal evaluation was conducted during four periods: beginning, middle, and end of the dry period and middle of the rainy period. Rib and liver biopsies were performed, and blood was collected at each period to evaluate mineral accumulation. Ca, P, Cu, Fe, Mo, Zn, and Co concentrations were determined using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry after acid digestion. Normal Ca, P, and Mo; low Cu, Zn, and Co; and high Fe levels were observed in the diet. The young animals analyzed showed normal serum and bone Ca and P concentrations, suggesting no need for supplementation throughout the entire year under the conditions of this study. Iron showed high values throughout the year, being potentially dangerous especially owing to its antagonistic relationship with other elements. Cu and Zn deficiency in the diet was observed under the conditions of this study, requiring supplementation with values higher than those contained in the mineral supplement used in the middle and end of the dry period. The supply of specific mineral supplement formulated for animals farmed in the semiarid region is suggested and would reduce costs.
The Effectiveness of Depression Treatment for Adults with ESKD: A Systematic Review
Authors: Chopra Pavan , Ayers Chelsea K. , Antick Jennifer R. , Kansagara Devan , Kondo Karli
Published: January 2021

Adults with dialysis-dependent ESKD experience higher rates of depression than the general population, yet efficacy of depression treatments in this population is not well understood. We conducted a systematic review of the benefits and harms of depression treatment in adults with ESKD. We searched multiple data sources through June 2020 for English-language, controlled trials that compared interventions for depression in adults with ESKD to another intervention, placebo, or usual care, and reported depression treatment–related outcomes. Observational studies were included for harms. Two investigators independently screened all studies using prespecified criteria. One reviewer abstracted data on study design, interventions, implementation characteristics, and outcomes, and a second reviewer provided confirmation. Two reviewers independently assessed study quality and resolved any discords through discussion or a third reviewer. Strength of evidence (SOE) was assessed and agreed upon by review-team consensus. We qualitatively analyzed the data and present syntheses in text and tables. We included 26 RCTs and three observational studies. SSRIs were the most studied type of drug and the evidence was largely insufficient. We found moderate SOE that long-term, high-dose vitamin D3 is ineffective for reducing depression severity. Cognitive behavioral therapy is more effective than (undefined) psychotherapy and placebo for depression improvement and quality of life (low SOE), and acupressure is more effective than usual care or sham acupressure in reducing depression severity (low SOE). There is limited research evaluating treatment for depression in adults with ESKD, and existing studies may not be generalizable to adults in the United States. Studies suffer from limitations related to methodologic quality or reporting. More research replicating studies of promising interventions in US populations, with larger samples, is needed.

Systematic Review registry name and registration number: PROSPERO, CRD42020140227
KONDISI EKSISTING USAHA MIKRO DAN KECIL KERAJINAN BAHAN ALAM DI KOTA SEMARANG DALAM BERTAHAN MENGHADAPI KRISIS AKIBAT PANDEMI
Authors: Retnawati Berta Bekti , Leong Marlon , Irmawati B
Published: January 2021

The existing condition due to the crisis during the pandemic period requires micro and small enterprises, including natural handicrafts to survive. This research seeks to portray the situation in the field of adaptive efforts of micro and small enterprises crafting natural raw materials both before a pandemic, during a pandemic and new normal effort in an effort to survive this difficult situation. Research on 20 business actors using convenience sampling method. Micro and small enterprises that can adapt to situations by making innovative efforts and keeping up with market demands are quite resilient. Adaptability can be made through products and marketing methods using e-commerce platforms and social media to approach and expand the target market. On the other hand, micro and small enterprises that are not ready and stuttering in the adaptation process experience difficulties in responding to the changes and challenges that exist. The results of this study are expected to provide an overview of existing conditions and can be input for policy makers in synergy with various parties to continue to strive to maintain micro and small enterprises so that they can exist through the difficult situation of the Covid-19 pandemic
Physico-chemical Properties and Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity of Two Varieties of Honey from Algerian Steppe
Authors: ABDELLAH Fatiha , MAKHLOUFI Chahra , BOUKRAA Laïd , HAMMOUDI Si Mohammed , SAFA Amel , DELLEL Nouria , BENAMARA Asma , BENHADIRI Mamia , MAROUF Nesrine , BENARABA Rachida
Published: January 2021

Honey is a natural sweet substance produced by honey bees from the nectars of plant ﬂowers or tree exudates. Natural honey has been valued in traditional medicine having demonstrated many antioxidant and antibacterial properties. The present study aimed to evaluate physicochemical characteristics and the antibacterial and antioxidant activity of two varieties of honey from Algerian steppe. Physicochemical parameters, such as pH, moisture content, electrical conductivity (EC), total acidity, ree acidity,ash and HMF were measured. The antibacterial activity was examined against the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 33862 by using the agar incorporation technique method and the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC).The antioxidant activity was assessed by using the 2,2 diphenyl 1 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and the fer reduction antixydant power (FRAP). Physico-chemical analysis of honey samples confirmed good quality of honey according to the standards set by European Union Commission and Codex Alimentarius Commission. All samples had ability to scavenge DPPH. radicals and showed reducing potential analyzed by FRAP methods, with the highest performance obtained in Euphorbia cheridenia honey. The result of the antibacterial effect of this study revealed that our honey samples have showed an important antibacterial activity against all the bacterial tested strains, Noeae mucronata honey has the better antibacterial effect against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The results of this study may suggest that Algerian honey possess natural compounds with antibacterial and antioxidant properties which can be used as natural agents in new drugs for therapy of diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria and oxidative stress.
A Preliminary Study: The Selective Effect of Bee Venom on Inhibition of Cell Migration in Metastatic Breast Cancer Cells Over Normal Cells in Comparison with Cisplatin
Authors: KARABULUT Soner , ÇELİK UZUNER Selcen
Published: January 2021

Bee venom is considered as an effective alternative medication in the treatment of some diseases, such cancer, but it has not been applied to patients routinely. Bee venom has in vitro selective cytotoxic effect on some cancer cells examined but the mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated. Cancer is characterized by not only uncontrolled and increased cell proliferation but also by invasive and metastatic properties of proliferating cells. Wound healing assay is used for revealing the migration rate of cells in vitro. The effect of bee venom on healing diabetes-induced wound has been shown before, but to the best of knowledge there is no study showing migration velocity of metastatic breast cancer cells after bee venom treatment. This study aimed (i) to reveal the metastatic behaviour of metastatic breast cancer cells after bee venom compared to cisplatin, and (ii) also to conclude the differences between normal and cancer cells in terms of migration after bee venom and cisplatin. Findings showed that bee venom was more effective on selective inhibition of cancer cell migration, but cisplatin-mediated inhibitory effect on metastasis could not be detected as even low concentrations of cisplatin induced high rate of cell death. The preliminary findings need to be expanded to cover more cell lines and the mechanism for this effect should be disclosed by detailed molecular methodologies for the future as well.
A Szovjetunió politikai rendszere – 2. rész
Authors: Kemény László
Published: January 2021

Jelen tanulmány a Szovjetunió (SZU) politikai rendszerének történetéről szóló sorozat második része, amely az 1953-1985 közötti eseményeket tartalmazza. Az első rész megtalálható a Lélektan és Hadviselés folyóirat 2020/1 számában.
A katonai orvoslás a Római Birodalomban
Authors: Mihók Sándor , Fejes Csenge
Published: January 2021

A Római Birodalom az első volt az antik birodalmak sorában, amely felismerte, hogy a harci sérültek egészségügyi ellátására kiemelt hangsúlyt kell fektetni, hiszen enélkül Róma képtelen a hódító háborúk sikeres megvívására és a megszerzett területek megtartására. Augustus császár volt az első római uralkodó, aki megteremtette a katonaegészségügy szervezeti kereteit, a katonaorvosi kart és a tábori kórházak rendszerét. Tanulmányunk során ennek történetét tekintjük át, illetve megvizsgáljuk az antik világ legkorszerűbb egészségügyi intézményének, a tábori katonai kórházak (valetudinárium) kialakulásának, fejlődésének lépéseit is.
Zsigmond huszita hadjáratainak első felét (1420-1422) befolyásoló gazdasági és földrajzi tényezők
Authors: Varga Imre Solt
Published: January 2021

Ez a tanulmány Luxemburgi Zsigmond huszita hadjáratának (1420–22) első felére összpontosít, és különös figyelmet fordít annak gazdasági és földrajzi tényezőire, mert ezek jelentősen befolyásolták az egész háború kimenetelét. Ilyen tényezők a terep és viszonyai, az éghajlat és az időjárás, vagy ami azt illeti, maga a pénz, amelyek mind megfigyelhető hatással voltak mind az egész hadjáratra, mind az egyes katonákra.
DENTAL ORTHOPEDIC REHABILITATION IN PATIENTS WITH PROBLEMS RELATED TO TYPE 2 DIABETES. Literature Review
Authors: Shabalina Irina , Lapina Natalia , Seferyan Karina , Arutyunov Armenak , Domenyuk Dmitry , Risovannaya Olga , Korzhuk Leonid
Published: January 2021

The paper discusses modern approaches to restoration of dentition defects in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Endocrinopathy severely affects the status of the teeth periodontium, the oral mucosa and the jaw bone tissue and poses a challenge to the denture design. This accounts for the techniques employed to prepare supporting teeth for prosthetics and the choice of construction materials which should ensure optimal functional capacity, biocompatibility and aesthetics. Besides, our article reveals systematized specifics of prosthetic treatment using dental implants in patients suffering from diabetes.
Efficacy of a plant-based dental gel for chronic simple marginal gingivitis: a clinical trial
Authors: Isaeva Adel , Averyanov Sergey , Iskhakov Ilgiz , Gulyaeva Oksana , Gileva Olga , Kiniabaev Timur
Published: January 2021

High prevalence of inflammatory periodontal diseases in young people along with unfavourable outcomes and long-term consequences cause great damage to health, thereby determining the importance and urgency of this problem in modern dentistry. Herein, we introduced a gel based on sanguiritrin, medicinal extracts of calendula and yarrow, and evaluated its effectiveness in the treatment of chronic simple marginal gingivitis in the clinical study involving 45 patients aged 18 to 23 years (26 females and 19 males). In the treatment group (23 patients), after professional oral hygiene and correction of hygiene skills, the dental gel based on sanguiritrin, medicinal extracts of calendula and yarrow was applied as part of complex therapy, while in the control group (22 patients) the Cholisal gel was used. The data obtained from hygienic and periodontal indices following the treatment (OHI-S — 0.39±0.03; PBI — 1.12±0.06; PMA — 16.4±1.31%) showed clinical anti-inflammatory efficacy of the introduced dental gel in the treatment of gingivitis, while positive indices dynamics of the dental status (OHI-S — 0.64±0.03; PBI — 0.42±0.03; PMA — 9.92±1.42%) evaluated in 3rd, 6th and 12th months after the therapy indicated of the stability of obtained results.
CREATING OSTEOPLASTIC MATERIALS TO REPAIR JAW BONES DEFECTS
Authors: Kompantsev Dmitry , Chahirova Anna , Yusupov Ruslan , Shabanova Natalia
Published: January 2021

In the course of our research we have developed a technology for fabricating an osteoplastic material from natural bone tissue. The obtained preparation in the form of gel contains hydroxyapatite, calcium triphosphate compounds and stimulators for regeneration. The proposed experimental material produces a stimulating effect on the growth of animal cell types; it enables to produce bioactive materials with increased biocompatibility. Application of the experimental gel facilitates the process of bone-tissue regeneration in the laboratory animals, which, in its turn, confirms the optimal composition of the material. We have established that during the integration of our osteoinductive material the defect zone is completely replaced by the bone tissue.
HISTOMORPHOMETRIC PARAMETERS IN SIMULATED GINGIVAL RECESSION
Authors: Yusupova Sania , Kostrigina Ekaterina , Bulkina Natalia , Konnov Valery , Vedyaeva Anna , Zyulkina Larisa , Ivanov Petr
Published: January 2021

This study addresses the nature of morphological changes occurring in periodontal tissues through the development of gum recession in the experiment. Gingival recession was found to occur along with a decrease in epithelial thickness of the mucous membrane as well as a decreasing cross-sectional area of blood vessels, whereas the connective tissue featured fibrinoid swelling. Initial tissue ischemia in the affected area can have a negative effect on reparation. This should be borne in mind when planning a periodontal plastic surgery.
Quality of Life in Geriatric Patients with Various Dentition Defects
Authors: Saleev Rinat , Fedorova Nadezhda , Saleeva Gulshat , Mubarakova Larisa , Vasil'ev Yuriy , Saleeva Liaisan
Published: January 2021

Subject: Population aging is a trend in modern society and elderly people who have gained social and professional status claim a significant position in it. Factors, such as dissatisfaction with dental appearance, confusion when smiling or talking, chewing and speech disorders, significantly complicate a person's daily activities and negatively affect self-confidence and social behavior. The need for social reforming to extend working activity has become an inevitable result of population aging. The objective of this research was outlined by the need to improve the quality of life in elderly patients, to extend social longevity. This paper proposed provides information characterizing the structure of dental orthopedic morbidity in geriatric patients. The authors describe the results of their own research to identify the relationship between life quality indicators and dentition defect types in the group of patients under study. Methodology: The research involved an observational longitudinal prospective study with a double survey of respondents. An alternative version of the OHIP 14 questionnaire was chosen as a tool for studying the life quality. Results: It was found that dentition defects have a significant impact on the life quality of elderly populations Conclusion: Studying the structure of dental orthopedic morbidity can optimize provision of dental orthopedic care, improve life quality and prolong socialization of seniors.
MODIFICATION OFTHE DENTAL ARCH SHAPE USING GRAPHIC REPRODUCTION METHOD AND ITS CLINICALEFFECTIVENESS IN PATIENTS WITH OCCLUSION ANOMALIES
Authors: Ivanyuta Oleg , Al-Haraz Ghamdan , Domenyuk Dmitry , Dmitrienko Sergei , Domenyuk Stanislav , Ivanyuta Sergey , Kuleshov Dmitry
Published: January 2021

Based on the results of the dentoalveolar system morphometry performed in patients with permanent teeth physiological occlusion we have developed a method for studying the anterior dental arch. It follows the circle of geometry patterns as well as stable values in the medialdistal dimensions of the front teeth crowns. In view of the mesial-distal dimensions of 14 teeth and dental arch width between the second molars and individually built radius of the circle we modified the method of dental arches graphic reproduction. The first stage of the dental arch individual shape graphic reproduction implies designing a dental pentagon, whereas its base is the width of the dental arch between the second molars, and the median sagittal line determines the depth of the dental arch. The upper sides of the pentagon (incisor-canine diagonals) run from the central interincisal point to the canine point, while the lower sides (canine-molar diagonals) connect the canine points to the molar points. At the second stage of the dental arch individual shape graphic reproduction, a circle is outlined, whose radius is related directly to the width of the anterior dental arch, and has an inverse relationship with its depth. There is a proof offered for clinical feasibility of the method employed to predict the optimal individual shape of the dental arch through graphic reproduction in patients with class I Angel occlusion issues. The study showed that the effectiveness of therapeutic and diagnostic measures for patients with abnormal shape and size of dental arches. It can be achieved if the sequence of the graphic construction stages is strictly followed.
THE STYLISTIC FUNCTIONING OF SCRIPTURAL ALLUSIONS IN AN EARLY MODERN ENGLISH PLAY “JOHAN BAPTYSTES PREACHYNGE” BY J. BALE
Authors: Khavronich A.A.
Published: January 2021

The given article analyzes the peculiarities of the stylistic functioning of allusions to the Holy Scripture within one religious play belonging to the modern early English period, namely “Johan Baptystes Preachynge” produced by a dramatist J. Bale. The analysis is performed from the standpoint of linguopoetics. We consider stylistic features via the correlation of form and meaning, dissection of the conceptual component, juxtaposition with medieval plays representing adaptations of the same scriptural plot. Within the framework of this analysis we identify and assess elements performing the function of impact incorporated into the scriptural allusions and estimate their role in the selection of other lexical units, construction of extended metaphors, syntactic shaping of particular fragments of the play. We draw a conclusion that via the extension of scriptural metaphorical complexes the author brings about a meaningful focus shift to ensure a protestant reinterpretation of the included biblical theses. A substantial share of stylistically marked elements undergoes semantic expansion and develops adherent connotations since they relate to the pivotal elements of the allusions.
FEATURES OF TRANSLATION OF COMPLEX SENTENCES WITH SEMANTICS OF INDIRECT EVIDENTIALITY FROM FRENCH INTO RUSSIAN
Authors: Lutfullina G.F.
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of complex sentences with indirect evidentiality semantics in French. A complex sentence is an explicit way of expressing indirect evidentiality. Indirect evidentiality implies the receipt of information from third parties. A complex sentence is a mean of complete representation of information source. As a result of the study it was found that in French indirect evidentiality is expressed by complex sentences. The main clause indicates information source. The dependent clause introduced by conjunction que is informative. The subordinate clause in majority of cases is in postposition of the main clause. French complex sentence is translated into Russian by analogue complex sentence. Only in some cases it is possible to replace the subordinate clause as a verbally expressed informative part by a process noun. In French and in Russian informing verbs are involved at the lexical level. In French the verbs informer, announcer are involved. Occasionally the verb renseigner is used. In translation these verbs correspond to Russian verbs of similar semantics: декларировать / to declare, сообщать / to report, извещать / to inform.
PRAGMATICAL ASPECTS OF THE PRE-TRANSLATION ANALYSIS (BASED ON THE GERMAN LANGUAGE)
Authors: Oparin M.V.
Published: January 2021

This article is devoted to the analysis of extralinguistic specificity in the framework of pre-translation analysis of the text when translating from German into Russian. The article substantiates the importance of taking into account pragmatic aspects to achieve the adequacy of translation, identifies the most significant pre-informational levels (geographical, historical, political, religious, economic, cultural) that make up the linguo-ethnic barrier. Overcoming this barrier involves major translation difficulties. Examples from different functional styles verify these levels.
MANOR TOPOS AND GENRE SPECIFICITY OF TURGENEV’s NOVEL
Authors: Rebel G.M.
Published: January 2021

The article polemically comprehends the practice of considering the manor topos as a genre-defining feature of Turgenev's novel, since this strategy ignores the plot logic, the content of the main characters, the essence of their relationships and the final meanings of the works. In addition, this approach inevitably destroys the aesthetic unity of Turgenev's work, because “Smoke” and “Virgin Soil” do not fit into the “manor” genre paradigm, even at the level of formal criteria. In this article, based on the material of Turgenev's novels - mainly those in which there is a “Turgenev’s girl” (“Rudin”, “A Nest of Gentlefolk”, “On the Eve”, “Virgin Soil”), - it is shown that the vector of the heroine's fate is directed from the manor world to the big world of search and struggle. The thirst for active good lies at the heart of the choice of the heroine: her chosen one, in contrast to the usual environment, is a spokesman of the spirit of the time, a hero of time, which opens up new horizons of life for her. The plot logic of Turgenev's novel is due not to the chamber circumstances of the life of a noble estate, but to the pathos of the ideas proclaimed by the hero and the thirst for self-realization of the characters in a socially significant field. This determines the genre specificity of Turgenev's novel as an ideological novel.
PECULIARITIES OF COMPREHENSION OF CHEKHOV’s WORKS IN SPAIN
Authors: Ogaltsev A.S.
Published: January 2021

The article deals with the process of comprehension of A.P. Chekhov's works in the Spanish culture. It’s based on Russian and foreign sources. The author of the article demonstrates the most significant moments in the understanding of the Russian writer by Spanish literary critics, theater directors and film directors. The article contains a brief overview of key periodicals and books, plays and film adaptations that illustrate the evolution of comprehension of Chekhov's works. Citations of Spanish culture figures, critics, translators and journalists are given by author's translation from their works and interviews. The article illustrates the period from the first mention of Chekhov's name in the Spanish press in 1894 to the nowadays. The author pays special attention to the first screen versions of the Russian playwright’s plays and the most eccentric experimental staging in the capital and provincial theaters of Spain.
ON GENRE ORIGINALITY AND IMAGE SYSTEM IN ALEXANDER M. VOLKOV’S FAIRYTALE “URFIN JUS AND HIS WOODEN SOLDIERS”
Authors: Nasrtdinova V.M.
Published: January 2021

Within the framework of the present article, the author refers to the study of the well-known work, written by the classic of the Soviet children's literature A.M. Volkov, “Urfin Jus and his wooden soldiers”. Investigating genre peculiarities of the book and the specifics of its image system, the author manages to find out such innovative methods of A. Volkov, as the substitution of Protagonist by Antihero, collateral nature of the positive characters’ roles and dynamics of the negative heroes’ images, which is not inherent to a fairy text. Apart from that, it is being highlighted in the paper that, being masterfully integrated into the cycle of books about the Emerald city ( Izumrudniy gorod ) in terms of plot, “Urfin Jus and his wooden soldiers” is, on the one hand, the element of sequel, and, on the other - practically an autonomous work, a spin-off with familiar actors. Having carried out a literary, philosophical, onomastic analysis of this text, the author arrives to the conclusion that the original concept of A.M. Volkov is much broader than it is commonly believed; that besides the self-evident fairy-tale storyline, it contains both social and philosophical reflections, submitted implicitly, in a symbolic way, and the presumed recipients of the fairy tale are not only children, but adults as well.
THE STATE OF SMALL BUSINESS IN THE VOLOGDA REGION DURING THE PANDEMIC PERIOD: PROBLEMS AND INSTRUMENTS OF STATE SUPPORT
Authors: Kuznetsova E.P. , Ustinova K.A.
Published: January 2021

Forecasts of economic development in the context of coronavirus infection contain frightening statements about the difficulties of functioning of entire industries, bankruptcy of enterprises and a long way out of the current crisis. There is a widespread point of view that small businesses will face the greatest difficulties in overcoming the crisis after a pandemic. In this regard, the purpose of this work is to analyze entrepreneurial activity in the context of a pandemic to develop recommendations for government and government bodies aimed at improving the situation in the business community. The article, based on a sociological survey of the heads of small enterprises in the Vologda region, operating in a pandemic, presents an analysis of the state of business in the context of the coronavirus, the availability of state support measures in this period. The key problems associated with limiting the receipt of this support in the Vologda Oblast were identified. In conclusion, the authors proposed directions for improving a number of anti-crisis measures. The results obtained in the course of the study contribute to the development and systematization of the theoretical basis of the problem under consideration. The practical significance of the work is associated with the possibility of using the obtained research results by researchers, graduate students, undergraduates, bachelors dealing with the problems of entrepreneurial activity development.
THE INFLUENCE OF GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM IN ECONOMIC HIGHLY DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
Authors: Kutyashova E.V. , Skobeleva O.A.
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the influence of government tourism spending on the growth rate of the contribution of tourism to the gross domestic product of economically highly developed countries. In modern conditions, government support plays an increasingly important role in the development of such a sector of the economy as tourism. The level of state support is an important component in assessing the country's competitiveness in the world market of tourism services. Within the framework of the study, a grouping of countries with a high level of prioritization of travel and tourism by the share of tourism in gross domestic product and the level of economic development was made. The rating of economically highly developed countries on the priority of tourism and the index of tourism competitiveness is considered. To determine the significance of government spending in tourism development, the average growth rate of the total contribution of tourism to the gross domestic product of economically highly developed countries or territories and the average growth rate of government spending on tourism were calculated for the period from 2010 to 2019. An assessment of the effectiveness of government spending on tourism in economically highly developed countries with the share of tourism in the gross domestic product from 5 to 25 % is given. The features in the activities of national tourist administrations of economically highly developed countries and territories of the Asia-Pacific region are considered.
ESTIMATION OF USE EFFICIENCY OF STATE-OWNED AND MUNICIPAL PROPERTY AND THE IMPACT OF LAND AND PROPERTY REGULATIONS’ MEASURES ON THE BUDGET TARGETS OF UDMURT REPUBLIC
Authors: Fedulova S.F.
Published: January 2021

The article discusses the performance results of the Ministry of Property Regulations of Udmurt Republic in land and property relations and the priority areas of its work in 2020. It also analyzes the results of property use and the earnings from property use. The article provides analysis of interactions of the Ministry of land and property regulations and other state authorities operating in this sector of economy, in particular, UR Department of Federal Taxation Service and Department of Roseestr. Problems of the department of management of state-owned and municipal unitary enterprises’ property are carefully scrutinized and the conclusions of RF Audit Chamber on analysis and assessment of property management of state-owned and municipal unitary enterprises of FSUE are submitted. The author investigates the issues of estimation of efficiency of property use, compares indicators of effect and efficiency, suggests estimation criteria. At the initial stage it is suggested to calculate budget efficiency by counting dynamics of earnings’ share from the use of property in total amount of own budgets income (without interbudgetary transfers). Besides, the author offers to apply goal-oriented method of calculation to compare different in content and goals indicators which is similar to the method used in program-oriented approach. One is accepted as standard i. e., 100 percent of target performance. Financial motivation is offered for the performance higher than one. The article analyzes the experience of indices calculations of effectiveness and efficiency of regional property use in Irkutsk region and its Ministry of property regulations performance area as tailor-made premises to parent company property. The author considers the issue of applying ABC and XYZ analysis to manage state-owned property.
ADMINISTRATIVE PREJUDICE IN FOREIGN CRIMINAL LAW: HISTORY AND MODERNITY
Authors: Antonov V.I. , Antonov E.V.
Published: January 2021

The article examines criminal law with administrative prejudice, as well as the history of the emergence and development of norms with administrative prejudice in the modern criminal legislation of Russia on various grounds. This topic is relevant today because the Russian legislator constantly includes new norms containing administrative prejudice in the criminal code of the Russian Federation. The problems of applying norms with administrative prejudice in practice are considered. It is noted that the criminal legislation in force in the XX century actively applied administrative prejudice as a method of legal regulation of public relations arising in the process of implementing the criminal policy of the Soviet state. The article analyzes the criminal legislation of Russia from the point of view of further development of criminal legislation in the direction of improving the institution of administrative prejudice and increasing the number of norms with administrative prejudice.
ON THE INCORPORATION OF PRIVATE LAW INSTITUTIONS IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS
Authors: Grishin A.V. , Tarsheva M.N.
Published: January 2021

The article deals with some areas of improvement of domestic criminal procedure legislation in terms of expanding dispositive principles and introducing alternative (non-punitive) forms of response to a crime in the current Criminal procedure code of the Russian Federation. The problems generated by the punitive approach to responding to the facts of committed socially dangerous acts are touched upon, and the values and ideas of a different (restorative) approach are highlighted, which, according to the authors, should not replace, but complement and enrich criminal proceedings. In addition, global and domestic trends in the development of legislation in the field of criminal justice are outlined. The authors propose the concept of restorative justice and exemption from criminal prosecution of persons who voluntarily compensated for the harm caused by the crime, with the full consent of the injured party. The authors highlight the essence of reconciliation mechanisms. The code of criminal procedure of the Russian Federation proposes some changes related to the introduction of the concept of conciliatory justice and the expansion of dispositive principles. The authors conclude that a reasonable compromise in the field of criminal justice is not only justified, but even necessary. The social value of conciliation procedures is that consensus is reached through mutual concessions (taking into account the interests and requests of both sides of the conflict) and is aimed at resolving the criminal conflict. Through reconciliation, the restoration of the disturbed order of functioning of public relations is achieved, as well as the restoration of social justice, which is directly related to the satisfaction of the interests of the injured party and depends on whether the victim remains satisfied with the outcome of the case.
CHANGING THE CONDITIONS OF SERVING SENTENCES IN CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTIONS AS A FORM OF IMPLEMENTING A PROGRESSIVE SYSTEM OF EXECUTION OF SENTENCES
Authors: Lozhkina L.V.
Published: January 2021

The article considers the institution of a progressive system of execution of punishment, in particular, one of its elements - changing the conditions of serving a sentence within one type of correctional institution. A progressive system of execution of sentences is defined as options for an individualized approach defined by the legislator when changing the conditions of execution and serving a sentence in the direction of expanding or narrowing the legal status of a convicted person, taking into account their attitude to the requirements of a specific punishment regime, corrective measures and behavior. It is noted that this system assumes the possibility of changing the conditions of detention of convicts and serving sentences both within the same institution, and by changing their type. The content and goals of changing the conditions are determined, and the analysis of the legal grounds for the transition to conditions that expand the legal capabilities of the convicted person and tighten his position is given. The author identifies problematic issues in the legal regulation of changes in the conditions of serving a sentence of imprisonment and suggests legislative initiatives to level them.