bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The museum's mummies: an inside view
Authors: Miniberg David T
Published: October 2021

We have performed CAT scan imaging of the thirteen mummies in the New York The Metropolitan Museum of Art. This noninvasive technique allowed us to ascertain the age (+/- 5 years), the height and the sex of these individuals. In two cases we were able to establish the cause of death – one man dying as the result of trauma and one woman dying of sepsis secondary to an abscess in the mandible. We discovered two necklaces of amulets on one of the mummies and integrating the CAT scan images, we were able to identify the amulets. These two necklaces had previously been unknown to the museum staff. In one instance, the museum has the encaustic portrait mask in place on the mummy itself, so we were able to compare the portrait with the CAT scan image of the mummy and establish that in this particular case the image was a true portrait rather than an idealized portrayal of the person.
The effects of energy sources on the Iceman’s low temperature storage conditions in the South Tyrol Museum of Archaeology
Authors: Bruttini Roberto , Samadelli Marco
Published: October 2021

The conservation condition of the mummy of Similaun in the museum are presented and discussed in this work. Estimation of the effect of energy sources on the atmospheric freeze-drying process that can occur at low temperature conservation condition are also presented and discussed in this work. Experimental data of the effect of energy sources such as inspection windows, view lights, conservation cell walls and measuring equipments on the atmospheric freeze drying process are also discussed and quantified. Comparison of the experimental data with the theoretical model results are also discussed and the comparison shows that the agreement between experimental data and theory is good. The numerical solution of the non linear partial differential equations of the model proposed would allows model simulations that could indicate operative conditions and control strategies that could provide optimal long term conservation conditions of the man of Similaun and could lead to a series of novel conservation conditions of archaeological find in the museum.
A Preliminary Study on the Outcome of Plication Augmentation of the Augmented Anderson Procedure for Patients with Infantile Nystagmus Syndrome and a Face Turn
Authors: Muralidhar Rajamani , Ramamurthy Dandapani
Published: October 2021

Purpose:

To report the results of plication augmentation of the augmented Anderson procedure in patients with infantile nystagmus syndrome and face turn.

Methods:

In this retrospective study, all patients who underwent plication augmentation of the augmented Anderson procedure between August 2015 and November 2018 were included. Our study included patients older than 6 years with a face turn >25°. We also included patients with residual face turns ≥15° after Anderson-type procedures. The face turn was measured by a goniometer and also quantified with prisms placed with apex in the direction of the face turn. We plicated the medial rectus of one eye by 5.0 mm and lateral rectus of the fellow eye by 7.0 mm based on the direction of the face turn in addition to the augmented Anderson procedure. Patients were reviewed on the 1st postoperative day, 1st month, and every 6 months thereafter.

Results:

Eight patients with a mean face turn of 27.5° ± 6.5° underwent plication augmentation of the augmented Anderson procedure. Two patients had residual face turns after a previous Anderson-type procedure. We obtained a mean correction of 25° ± 6.5° with a median prismatic correction of 45 prism diopters (PD) for each eye. The median face turn at the last review was 2.5°, and all patients were corrected to within 10°. Excluding patients operated for residual face turns, we had a mean dose response of 2.7 PD/mm and 1.7°/mm of surgery on each eye. Five patients had an improvement in null zone visual acuity. Two patients had a restriction in ocular motility of −2 in the direction of the recessed extraocular muscle at the last review, and the remaining had a −1 restriction.

Conclusions:

Plication augmentation of the augmentation Anderson procedure appears to be a safe and effective procedure for patients with infantile nystagmus syndrome and a face turn more than 25°. It may also be used for residual face turns more than 15°.
Acute Ischemic Stroke in Children – Should We Thrombolyze?
Authors: Vinayan K. P. , Nambiar Vivek , Anand Vaishakh
Published: October 2021

Ischemic stroke is a major cause of acute neurological symptoms in children with significant long-term neurological sequelae. Unlike in the adult population, the clinical presentation of strokes in children may not be stereotyped. Hence, many other differential diagnostic possibilities might have to be considered in the emergency setting. Due to this heterogeneous presentation and the resultant clinical dilemma in the early detection, acute thrombolysis even now remains as a very rarely tried therapeutic option in children. Many case reports over these years have shown consistently good results of acute intravenous thrombolysis in children with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) administered within the time frame. There are also some recent reports of endovascular interventions. However, unlike in the adult population, class 1 clinical studies and good Randomized controlled trials (RCT) are yet to emerge in children. The absence of age-appropriate safety and outcome data for the commonly used thrombolytic agents in children is another major roadblock for developing clinical guidelines and recommendations for this age group. The ambitious Thrombolysis in Pediatric Stroke (TIPS) trial had to be terminated prematurely due to poor patient enrolment. This review critically looks at the current status of the acute management of ischemic strokes in children with a specific emphasis on thrombolytic therapy. Until we have better evidence-based guidelines for this age group, it will be prudent to develop robust institutional pathways to provide this important intervention for all eligible children with acute strokes.
Can dual staining with p16 and Ki67 be biomarkers of epithelial dysplasia in oral lesions?
Authors: Bharti Anju , Qayoom Sumaira , Jaiswal Riddhi , Agarwal Preeti , Singh R. K. , Agarwal S. P. , Bhalla Shalini , Makker Annu , Goel Madhu Mati
Published: October 2021

Background:

Oral carcinogenesis is a multistage process with epithelial dysplasia as a premalignant condition. There is a significant inter-observer variation in diagnosing and grading the oral epithelial dysplasia. As human papillomavirus (HPV) is believed to have à strong relationship with oral carcinogenesis, using P16 as a biomarker may help in identifying the cells which may be undergoing the malignant transformation. However, due to the low specificity of P16, dual staining test P16INK4/Ki67 might be a better promising marker for identifying the transformed cells. This study was designed to evaluate the dual expression of P16 and Ki67 as a promising biomarker for dysplasia and their correlation with clinicopathological factors.

Materials and Methods:

Immunohistochemical analysis for p16 and ki67 was performed on 30 premalignant oral lesions and 36 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) by dual staining using the CINtec PLUS kit.

Results:

CINtec positivity was observed only in leukoplakia with dysplasia (46.7%) and squamous cell carcinoma (25%). None of the cases of leukoplakia without dysplasia or oral submucosal fibrosis stained positive for CINtec plus staining. In leukoplakia with dysplasia, there was no significant association with any of the clinicopathological parameters studied. In OSCC cases, alcohol intake showed statistically significant association with CINtec positivity.

Conclusion:

P16INK4/Ki67 assessment by dual staining is a promising biomarker for identifying dysplasia in cases with diagnostic dilemmas.
Thoracoscopic enucleation of oesophageal submucosal tumours in prone position gives excellent long-term outcome
Authors: Mishra Siddharth , Jain Nikhil , Soni Bansidhar , Bajaj Deepak , Khetan Ashish , Sharma Bhuwanesh , Bhojwani Rajesh
Published: October 2021

Background:

Thoracoscopic enucleation of oesophageal leiomyomas has been adopted by many centres. The procedure when performed in prone position gives good results. The long-term outcome has not been reported earlier. This single-centre study establishes the role of this particular technique.

Methods:

A retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained hospital database was performed and after following the study criteria eleven cases of oesophageal submucosal tumours were included in the study. All patients underwent thoracoscopic enucleation in the prone position by a single surgeon. Peri-operative data were recorded and patients followed up for a mean period of 78 months (range = 24–120 months).

Results:

Thoracoscopic enucleation in prone position was done for all patients with no conversions to an open procedure. Two patients had a mucosal rent during dissection that was repaired. There was no post-operative morbidity greater than Clavien-Dindo Grade 2. Long-term follow-up is available for eight patients (73%) with no recurrence of disease or symptoms.

Conclusion:

Oesophageal submucosal tumours (predominantly leiomyomas) are benign neoplasms with an indolent biological behaviour and deserve a procedure that would serve the purpose of minimal post-operative morbidity coupled with excellent outcome. Thoracoscopic enucleation in the prone position provides a physiological benefit that translates into better peri-operative outcomes without compromising the long-term outcome and should be the preferred form of treatment for oesophageal submucosal tumours.
Comparison of Surgical Outcomes of Sponge Application Versus Subconjunctival Injection of Mitomycin-C During Combined Phacoemulsification and Trabeculectomy Surgery in Asian Eyes
Authors: Chiew Wenqi , Guo Xiner , Hou Ang Bryan Chin , Hoon Lim Angela Pek , Leon Yip Leonard Wei
Published: October 2021

Purpose:

To compare the outcomes of combined phacoemulsification–trabeculectomy surgery with intraoperative sponge-applied versus subconjunctival injection of mitomycin-C (MMC) in Asian eyes.

Methods:

This was a retrospective review of 95 eyes that consecutively underwent combined phacoemulsification–trabeculectomy surgery in a tertiary eye center in Singapore from January 2013 to June 2014. Data collected included intraocular pressure (IOP), best corrected visual acuity, and number of glaucoma medications. Outcome measures included postoperative IOP and complications at various timepoints up to 12 months after surgery.

Results:

Twenty eyes (21.1%) received 0.2 mg/ml subconjunctival MMC injection (“Group 1”) and 75 (78.9%) received 0.4 mg/ml sponge-applied MMC (“Group 2”). There was no difference between groups in demographics, IOP, and number of glaucoma medications preoperatively. There was a reduction in IOP at postoperative month (POM) 1, 6, and 12 in both the groups (POM12: Group 1, −2.8 ± 5.36 mmHg, P < 0.001; Group 2, −5.8 ± 6.29 mmHg, P = 0.054). At POM1, Group 2 showed a trend toward greater IOP reduction (−5.89 ± 7.67 mmHg vs. −1.55 ± 5.68 mmHg, P = 0.061). However, at both POM6 and POM12, there was no statistically significant difference in IOP reduction between the two groups. At POM12, complete success, defined as achieving an IOP of between 6 and 15 mmHg without the use of antiglaucoma medications, was achieved in 11 (55%) eyes in Group 1 and 48 (64%) in Group 2 (P = 0.9). There was a lower rate of postoperative hypotony in the Group 1 (0%) compared to Group 2 (8%) (P = 0.34).

Conclusion:

Combined phacoemulsification–trabeculectomy with subconjunctival MMC injection has comparable outcomes to that with sponge-applied MMC, with a similar reduction in IOP at 1, 6, and 12 months postoperatively and a lower postoperative complication rate.
Factors Associated with Pain Level in Patients Receiving Intravitreal Injection
Authors: Inaltekin Ali , Bozkurt Erdinç , Kıvrak Yüksel
Published: October 2021

Purpose:

To identify the factors associated with the pain level in patients receiving intravitreal injection.

Methods:

A total of 120 patients were prospectively evaluated, and 104 were included in the study. Patients were asked to rate their pain intensity from 0 to 10 on the visual analog scale. Factors that were possibly associated with pain level were evaluated using a sociodemographic data form, state anxiety inventory, and the hospital anxiety and depression scale.

Results:

Of the participants, 54 (51.9%) were female, and 50 (48.1%) were male, with a mean age of 65 ± 9.01 years. There was a positive correlation between pain level and state anxiety scores (r = 0.30; P < 0.001) and a negative correlation between hospital anxiety score (r = −0.23; P = 0.02) and hospital depression score (r = −0.27; P = 0.01). The correlation between pain score and education level was significantly higher in primary and secondary school graduates (P < 0.01). Smokers were observed to have higher pain scores (6.50 ± 2.21 in smokers and 4.87 ± 2.50 in nonsmokers; P = 0.01). Among diagnostic groups, pain scores were found to be significantly lower in the diabetic retinopathy (DR) group (6.82 ± 1.99 in age-related macular degeneration, 5.94 ± 2.27 in retinal vein occlusion, and 3.58 ± 1.97 in DR; P < 0.001). When pain scores were evaluated according to the drug injected, the group receiving bevacizumab injection was observed to have higher pain scores (7.32 ± 1.81 in bevacizumab, 4.00 ± 2.08 in aflibercept, and 3.92 ± 1.96 in ranibizumab; P < 0.001). Based on the multiple regression analysis, the state anxiety score, hospital anxiety score, hospital depression score, and smoking status were observed not to be significant predictors. The level of education, diagnosis, and active substance were found to have a statistically significant effect on pain perception.

Conclusion:

In this study, pain levels have been found to be high in smokers, those with a low educational level, individuals receiving bevacizumab for intravitreal injection, and those having a higher level of state anxiety, whereas patients with DR have lower pain scores.
Bilateral sequential pseudophakic aqueous misdirection syndrome presenting as a myopic shift in refraction
Authors: Singh Swati , Gupta Avnindra , Sachdev Mahipal Singh , Sudhamala Nirmala
Published: October 2021

A 63-year-old woman with high hyperopia developed acute myopia of − 5.50 D with axial shallowing of anterior chamber and high intraocular pressure (IOP) in her left eye after 2 weeks of phacoemulsification surgery. She developed a myopic shift after 4 weeks in the right eye also which was operated 8 months ago for cataract. Laser peripheral iridotomy was ineffective in both eyes. Cycloplegic therapy was started for presumed aqueous misdirection syndrome (AMS) with antiglaucoma drugs in both eyes. A laser capsulo-hyaloidotomy was attempted in LE with no result. Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with iridectomy-zonulectomy-hyloidectomy (IZH) was done in both eyes after 2 years of onset and multiple recurrences associated with atropine withdrawal. Pseudophakic AMS can present as a myopic shift in refraction without a significant rise in IOP. Cycloplegic therapy is not well tolerated by multifocal intraocular lens patients. PPV with IZH has been effective in preventing relapses in our patient for 20 months (RE) and 23 months (LE).
Advanced Introduction to Comparative Legal Methods
Authors: Monateri Pier Giuseppe
Published: October 2021

Drawing on historical, normative, theoretical, and economic methodologies, Pier Giuseppe Monateri offers a fresh critical analysis of various dimensions of comparative law methods. Comprehensive and engaging with a multidisciplinary approach, this Advanced Introduction spans the fields of comparative legal studies, law and finance and global law.
Gestión de costo para mejorar la rentabilidad de los servicios brindados por la Empresa VIACRUZCA S.A. de la Ciudad de Manta
Authors: Castillo-García Paola Germania , López-Pico Lilibeth Kenia , Sánchez-Arteaga Alex
Published: October 2021

El presente trabajo de investigación realizado a la Empresa VIACRUZCA S.A. de la ciudad de Manta, está dirigido a la asignación de los costos reales de los servicios brindados, ante la demanda actual de las empresas por implementar la gestión de costos para generar un mayor detalle en la información generada y con el objetivo de aplicar estrategias que ayuden a captar y mejorar los procesos y la competitividad, se propone un sistema de costos por órdenes de producción para la aplicación de los costos en los hostales de la empresa en el Cantón Manta, con el fin de contralar y reducir los costos por servicios, empleando un método analítico descriptivo con técnicas de la observación directa, entrevista y de la recolección de información, planteando una asignación desde los elementos del costos: materiales directo, mano de obra directas y costos indirectos de fabricación de acuerdo a cada uno de los procesos que realiza, de esta manera se obtienen costos unitarios y totales reales. Se concluye que este sistema servirá como herramienta de gestión para orientar las toma de decisiones estratégicas y el control de los costos en la reducción de los mismos para la maximización de beneficios.

Palabras claves: gestión, costos, sector hotelero, elementos del costo, asignación de costos, procesos, sistema de costos.
Implementation of Digital Technologies Into the Educational Process
Authors: Panulinova Eva , Harabinova Slavka , Baskova Renata
Published: October 2021

Revolutionary changes in society are linked to digital technologies and affect all areas of social life, not excluding construction industry. This requires not only knowledge reform, but above all skills reform. The current demand of practice is to increase the knowledge and competences of graduates of civil engineering faculties in the field of introduction and use of digital technologies in the process of planning, implementation, and maintenance of buildings, as well as to support the skills development of civil engineers in teamwork while using BIM technologies. The presented, currently implemented project contributes to meeting the above-described Practice Needs. The expected direct impact of the project is to increase the competitiveness, employability, and quality of life of graduates entering practice.
Prospects of Ukraine’s foreign economic policy concerning Latin America
Authors: Poklonskyi Andrii , Poklonska Olena , Klymchuk Mykhailo , Slobodianiuk Borys , Torlo Olena
Published: October 2021

The objective of the research was to analyze the perspectives of Ukraine's foreign economic policy with respect to Latin America. An overview of the economic and political situation in Latin America is characterized by intensification of inflation in the region, reduction of exports and foreign investment, erosion of the level of business and consumer confidence. She used the following research methods: methods of analysis and synthesis, systematic approach, methods of induction and deduction, generalization, and systematization, economic, etc. Defined strategic orientations have been identified to improve foreign economic cooperation between Ukraine and Latin America to seek new foreign markets and increase foreign trade, such as: opening representative offices of Ukrainian companies in Latin America; active participation of Ukrainian companies in trade fair and exhibition events taking place in the countries of the region; establishment of bilateral industrial cooperation in the territory of MERCOSUR member countries. It concludes on the need to develop a long-term strategy to activate trade and economic cooperation between Ukraine and the countries of the Latin American region with the identification and justification of sectoral priorities.
Activities of the court to investigate the circumstances of criminal proceedings and their assessment under the laws of Ukraine
Authors: Teteriatnyk Hanna , Ryzhyy Oleksii , Fedorova Anna , Vykhodets Yurii , Marko Vitalii
Published: October 2021

Sand investigates the procedural possibilities of the court to investigate the circumstances of the criminal process at the trial stage, by analyzing the current criminal procedural legislation of Ukraine, judicial practice, the positions of scientists, as well as by using modern methods of scientific knowledge (dialectic, systematic analysis of legal norms, comparative, statistical, synergistic, hermeneutic, structural, and formally dogmatic system). It also clarifies the essence of scientific and legal categories such as "circumstances of criminal proceedings", "verification of evidence", "evaluation of evidence", etc. It was concluded that during the trial the evidence is examined in accordance with a certain procedure and with the participation of the participants in the criminal proceedings, who have the right to ask questions, draw the attention of the court, lodge appeals, etc. Investigative (search) actions have been identified as the most common procedural means of examining evidence in criminal proceedings. It is emphasized that the evaluation of the evidence by the court, unlike inspection, is not combined with any practical action and is a purely mental, logical activity, which aims to determine the admissibility, relevance, reliability, value (strength) of each.
Implementation of the International Convention on the Rights of the Child in the South Urals in the 1990s
Authors: Khudoborodov Alexander L. , Samokhina Anna V. , Korshunova Nadezhda V.
Published: October 2021

The relevance of the studied problem is determined by the subject of the study, namely the policy of the Russian Federation towards children. Children are the future of the state. The younger generation determines the future technological, intellectual, political, economic, demographic, and ecological wealth of the country. The objective of the article is to study the degree of implementation of the International Convention on the Rights of the Child in one of the largest regions of Russia – the South Urals in the 1990s. Research methods: synchronous, systemic-structural, historical-comparative, historical-genetic. As a result of the study, the authors draw conclusions and offer practical recommendations on the improvement of the state policy in the field of educating the younger generation in modern Russia. The practical significance of the conducted study is that the authors of the article investigated the first steps of implementation of the International Convention on the Rights of the Child in Russia. At the same time the authors explored unresolved issues in the field of children’s rights and public policy mistakes to prevent them from happening in the future.
The influence of synthetic foaming agents on seed germination of coniferous species
Authors: Rantuch Peter , Remišová Katarína , Rantuch Jakub
Published: October 2021

Water is the most frequently used substance for extinguishing of wildfires. Ones of the most commonly used additives enhancing the extinguishing efficiency are foaming agents. This article deals with the influence of foaming agents on germination of coniferous species. Foaming agents Moussol-APS F-15 and Sthamex F-15, foaming solutions of various concentrations were used for the tests. Germination of seeds of Norway spruce (Picea abies) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) was observed. The percentage of germinating seeds was recorded every 7 days. The results were evaluated in the form of graphs.

When the concentration levels of foaming solutions ranged from 0.1 vol% to 0.25 vol%, their influence on germination of both coniferous species seeds varied from negligible to slightly positive. Subsequently, the negative effect increased considerably and with concentrations exceeding 1 vol% - 1.5 vol% the germination of samples reached zero values. While foaming solutions of Sthamex F-15 showed less significant influence on germination of the Scots pine seeds, seeds of the Norway spruce were less influenced by foaming agent Moussol-APS F-15.  Based on obtained results it is possible to recommend minimisation of foaming agents amounts, eventually application of substances with less negative effect on plants germination for extinguishing of wildland fires, in order to gain restoration of affected area as fast as possible.  Key words: foaming agent, germination, wildfire (wildland fire), foaming solution
Preferensi Konsumen Berdasarkan Label Sertifikasi Halal Produk Pangan Lokal
Authors: Utami Suci Nur
Published: October 2021

Label sertifikasi halal tidak bisa dipisahkan dengan produk pangan di Kabupaten Brebes yang sebagian besar masyarakat merupakan penganut agama Islam. Label halal merupakan bentuk perlindungan bagi konsumen yang peduli pada jaminan halal suatu produk serta meningkatkan kualitas dan keunggulan bersaing bagi produk bagi produsen. Penelitian ini akan mengidentifikasi preferensi konsumen terhadap keputusan pembelian akan produk pangan lokal berlabel sertifikasi halal. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linier sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa label sertifikasi halal yang telah tercantum dalam kemasan produk pangan lokal di Kabupaten Brebes mempunyai pengaruh terhadap preferensi konsumen dalam keputusan pembelian produk berlabel sertifikasi halal. Namun, tingkat pengaruh dari label tersebut hanya sebesar 28,5 persen yang artinya masih ada variabel lain yang lebih mempengaruhi preferensi konsumen terhadap pembelian produk pangan lokal di Kabupaten Brebes yang tidak dibahas dalam penelitian ini.
Protection of civilians in the law of war: A case study of Myanmar
Authors: Hammad Ahmed Arafa A. , Dexiang Guo
Published: October 2021

The paper is aimed to analyses the Law of War violation in Myanmar. Current communal conflicts in Myanmar among Buddhists and Muslims have cast a pall over the country's transition to democracy. The Rohingya, a Muslim minority group, has been disproportionately affected by the recent round of violence. The Rohingya have been subjected to many human rights violations, which has drawn international attention to the situation. Because the Myanmar government does not recognize Rohingya as a separate ethnic group, they are effectively stateless. Rohingya claim to be indigenous people of Myanmar, despite the government's statements that they came from Bangladesh. The research concludes that as positive as the recent political change has been, the Rohingya's future development does not appear bright. International human rights organizations are urging the global community to pressure Myanmar's administration to amend the Citizenship Law, which effectively makes the Rohingya homeless. The end of this article will give a solution for the Myanmar conflict and protect the Muslim minorities.
PhD, D, MSc ou M ? Uma questão de formação.
Authors: Cunha Cleize S. , Tavares Mauro
Published: October 2021

Este artigo destina-se a fazer alguns esclarecimentos no que se refere ao uso de algumas letras que são postadas à frente dos nomes dos autores de artigos, quando se referem aos seus títulos.
Impact of Public Capital Expenditure on Economy Growth of Nigeria
Authors: Joy Jideofor Nnennaya , Okafor Michah Chukwuemeka , Nmesirionye Josephine Adanma
Published: October 2021

The research investigates the relationship between governmental capital spending and economic development in Nigeria. Several issues of the Central Bank of Nigeria's statistics bulletin were used in the research, which yielded a large amount of data. The data was submitted to a unit root test, which was performed using the Augmented Dickey fuller (ADF) method, in order to determine its time series characteristics. The variables' socioeconomic characteristics were obtained via the use of descriptive statistics. Because of the varying order of integration seen in the unit root, cointegration and regression analysis were carried out utilizing the ARDL- Autoregressive Distributed Lag method, which is an acronym for Autoregressive Distributed Lag. The results show that public capital investment has a negative and statistically significant (tcal = -2.6996) impact on the Nigerian economy, as assessed by the GDP growth rate, according to the data. The results demonstrate that when capital expenditures in Nigeria get the attention they deserve, they have the potential to contribute to economic development in the country. This research recommends that the government manage capital spending in an appropriate manner in order to enhance the nation's productive capacity and accelerate economic development in light of the results.
Rethinking Philosophy for Children
Authors: Lewis Tyson E. , Jasinski Igor
Published: October 2021

This book is available as open access through the Bloomsbury Open programme and is available on www.bloomsburycollections.com.

By utilizing the philosophy of Giorgio Agamben, the authors propose a radical reconceptualization of the practice known as Philosophy for Children (P4C) that focuses on the experience of one’s potentiality to speak rather than the development of specific skills or types of speaking. 'Philosophy for Infancy' (P4I) emerges as a non-instrumental educational practice that does not dictate what to say or how to say it but rather focuses on the potentiality to say something. In the process of developing P4I, the authors address a long-standing question concerning the politics of education. Instead of education as a means to a pre-defined political end (citizenship education, for example) or education as an end in itself (divorced from political concerns), the authors argue that the non-instrumental approach to potentiality is the embodiment of an equally non-instrumental political community that is itself always in potential. P4I is intended to work within the procedural framework offered by the P4C-program and recognizes a latent potentiality in the practice that allows for a common use of language. Throughout the theoretical discussion, the authors offer practical applications and excerpts of children’s dialogue to provide anchoring points for classroom teachers.
Spar hat offensive Pläne im Ausland
Authors: Müller Annette , Hofmann Janine
Published: October 2021

Spar Österreich will das Auslandsgeschäft mit mehr Expansion und Investitionen forcieren. Auch Übernahmen schließt die Handelsgruppe nicht aus.
Cooler Aufguss
Authors: Sachsenröder Delphine
Published: October 2021

Kalter Kaffee hört sich erst einmal wenig inspirierend an, Cold Brew klingt schon viel besser. Experten sehen in dem bisher vor allem in der Gastronomie ausgeschenkten Trendgetränk großes Potenzial für Industrie und Handel. Allerdings bleiben bei der Qualität noch einige Fragen offen. Delphine Sachsenröder
Caminhos históricos da formação do enfermeiro no campo da saúde mental no Brasil
Authors: Santos Silva John Victor dos , Macêdo Amanda Cavalcante de , Nascimento Yanna Cristina Moraes Lira , Moreira Anderson da Silva , Barros Alice Correia , Santos Ronildo Alves dos
Published: October 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo descrever e refletir sobre as transformações no ensino da enfermagem psiquiátrica e de saúde mental na graduação em enfermagem no Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e reflexivo a partir das vivências de estudantes e professores com a área da saúde mental. O recorte temporal estabelecido foi o ano de 1852 até os dias atuais. A análise permitiu o agrupamento dos resultados em quatro seções que levaram em consideração os fenômenos históricos determinantes às transformações em cada período – 1850 a 1919, 1920 a 1959, 1960 a 1989, 1990 a 2009 e 2010 até os tempos atuais. A partir desta análise, é possível apontar transformações significativas no ensino da enfermagem em saúde mental a partir das conquistas sócio-políticas do processo da reforma psiquiátrica brasileira e reformas curriculares, apesar das práticas de ensino nos serviços psicossociais ainda não serem unânimes nos cenários de ensino-aprendizagem dos tempos atuais. No entanto, ratificar avanços históricos é essencial para a manutenção de uma perspectiva de cuidado integral, que resgata a cidadania dos sujeitos através de intervenções criativas, comprometidas e articuladas em rede
mulher enfermeira no contexto pandêmico do Coronavírus
Authors: Del Sent Taoana Gottems
Published: October 2021

Introdução: trata-se de um estudo reflexivo, tendo como base o contexto pandêmico do Coronavírus relacionado a força de trabalho da mulher enfermeira. Objetivo: refletir acerca da atuação profissional e das relações de poder envolvendo a mulher enfermeira no contexto pandêmico da COVID-19 à luz do referencial teórico foucaultiano. Metodologia: a análise de tal temática deu-se através de pesquisa bibliográfica. Resultados: aponta-se a relevância em repensar o quanto as relações de poder entre homens e mulheres continuam fortalecidas na sociedade e como se transfere tal tipo de entendimento para o seio de profissões que são exercidas majoritariamente por mulheres, como no caso da enfermagem. Considerações finais: tais profissionais no atual contexto pandêmico precisam transcender a figura de heroínas e anjos para alcançar o reconhecimento social e valorização profissional.
Al oído de aquellos interesados en la Reforma de Salud
Authors: Selva Sutter Ernesto A.
Published: October 2021

La globalización nos enfrenta a una reforma de salud inspirada por el Banco Mundial que tiende al individualismo y a la privatización de los servicios, los cuales serían ofrecidos y cumplidos según la capacidad de pago del demandante o limitados a "servicios básicos" insuficientes para quienes no pueden pagar. Aunque se podría optar por una reforma que ofreciera y cumpliera esos servicios de manera universal y que los financiara solidariamente, ambas opciones exigirían superar muchos defectos y construir ciertas precondiciones para evitar el fracaso.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 55, No. 619-620, 2000: 573-598.
Pembrolizumab for Microsatellite Instability-High or Mismatch Repair Deficient Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma or Appendiceal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Farrell Keeley , Horton Jennifer
Published: October 2021

Some adult patients with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H)/mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) small bowel adenocarcinoma might benefit from pembrolizumab in controlling the disease (i.e., some patients achieved a partial or complete response after treatment). These findings are based on 2 single-arm studies (i.e., no comparator) with fewer than 20 patients in each study, which limits the certainty of the findings. The longer-term benefit of pembrolizumab is unclear, as some outcomes (e.g., progression-free survival, overall survival) were not reached at the time of data analysis.

The safety of pembrolizumab in patients with MSI-H/dMMR small bowel adenocarcinoma is unknown (no evidence was found for this population).

No evidence was identified regarding the clinical effectiveness of pembrolizumab monotherapy for patients with MSI-H/dMMR appendiceal adenocarcinoma.

No evidence was identified regarding the cost-effectiveness of pembrolizumab monotherapy for patients with MSI-H/dMMR small bowel adenocarcinoma or appendiceal adenocarcinoma.

No evidence-based guidelines were identified regarding pembrolizumab monotherapy for patients with MSI-H/dMMR appendiceal adenocarcinoma.

One guideline was identified that recommends pembrolizumab as an option for initial or subsequent therapy in patients with advanced or metastatic MSI-H/dMMR small bowel adenocarcinoma.
Metagovernance challenges in regional development: A comparison of Sweden, Denmark and Finland
Authors: Sundqvist Emily
Published: October 2021

Regional councils collaborate with municipalities, government agencies, universities, non-governmental organisations, and businesses when forming regional development policies in Nordic countries. Political representatives use metagovernance to steer this collaborative process, but previous research shows that politicians often struggle with metagovernance. There are few empirical studies on metagovernance and little is known about how institutional context affects it. This article comparatively explores the political metagovernance of regional development in Sweden, Denmark, and Finland, studying what metagovernance challenges politicians encounter and how institutional contexts shape their perceptions. The study uses survey data from 1006 regional council representatives, which are analysed using a mixed- methods approach. Findings reveal common metagovernance challenges in regional development, but also show the importance of institutional context. The regional councils’ institutional capacity has a clear impact: Danish and Finnish representatives request more formal powers and resources to develop their metagovernance role, while this is less of an issue among Swedish representatives.
LA CULTURA EMPRENDEDORA Y CAPACIDAD DE CREACIÓN DE MICROEMPRESAS: CASO ESTUDIANTES IES PÚBLICAS DE MANABÍ
Authors: Briones Mero Jesús Gregorio Briones Mero , Salazar Olives Gladys , Palma Avellan Ana , Palacios Molina Dayni Lisset
Published: October 2021

La cultura emprendedora ha existido desde hace mucho tiempo atrás como parte importante para que los estudiantes generen competencias en su desarrollo profesional, así mismo ser formados para ser emprendedores aplicando ideas innovadoras y tener la iniciativa de crear su propia microempresa practicando los valores, la responsabilidad social y el cuidado al medio ambiente con el fin de contribuir al desarrollo económico de nuestro país. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo principal determinar de qué manera la cultura emprendedora se relaciona con la capacidad de creación de microempresas en los estudiantes de las IES públicas de la provincia de Manabí, mediante un estudio cuantitativo básico con un diseño no experimental: transversal correccional, a través de una encuesta estructurada con una escala comparativa de Likert, validada con el coeficiente de Cron Bach, donde se obtuvo un valor de 0,911 lo que sustenta la aplicabilidad del instrumento utilizado. Mediante el procesamiento de datos en el programa IBM SPSS se evidencia una correlación significativa entre las variables estudiadas de acuerdo al coeficiente de Spearman demostrando con un nivel de 0,690, que la cultura emprendedora se relaciona con la capacidad de creación microempresas en los estudiantes de las IES públicas de Manabí aprobando la hipótesis alternativa. Asimismo, se pudieron comprobar las hipótesis específicas: creación de innovación y conocimiento empresarial, con 0,534., creación de innovación y motivación empresarial con 0,523., autoconfianza y conocimiento empresarial con 0,645 y, finalmente autoconfianza y motivación empresarial con una significancia de 0,553.
Implementation of mycorrhizal mechanisms into soil carbon model improves the prediction of long-term processes of plant litter decomposition
Authors: Huang Weilin , van Bodegom Peter M. , Viskari Toni , Liski Jari , Soudzilovskaia Nadejda A.
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Ecosystems dominated by plants featuring ectomycorrhizae (EM) and arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) promote distinct soil carbon dynamics. AM and EM soil environments can thus have different impacts on litter decomposition. However, current soil carbon models treat mycorrhizal impacts on the processes of soil carbon transformation as a black box. We re-formulated the soil carbon model Yasso15, and incorporated impacts of mycorrhizal vegetation on soil carbon pools of different recalcitrance. We examined alternative conceptualizations of mycorrhizal impacts on transformations of labile and stable carbon, and quantitatively assessed the performance of the selected optimal model in terms of the long-term fate of plant litter. We found that mycorrhizal impacts on pools of labile carbon in the litter are distinct from that on recalcitrant pools. Plant litter of the same chemical composition decomposes slower when exposed to EM-dominated ecosystems compared to AM-dominated ones, and across time, EM-dominated ecosystems accumulate more recalcitrant residues of non-decomposed litter. Overall, adding our mycorrhizal module into the Yasso model improved the accuracy of the temporal dynamics of carbon sequestration predictions. Our results suggest that mycorrhizal impacts on litter decomposition are underpinned by distinct decomposition pathways in AM- and EM-dominated ecosystems. Ignoring mycorrhiza-induced mechanisms will thus lead to an overestimation of climate impacts on decomposition dynamics. Our new model provides a benchmark for mechanistic and quantitative modelling of microbial impact on soil carbon. It helps to determine the relative importance of mycorrhizal associations and climate on organic matter decomposition rate and reduces the uncertainties in estimating soil carbon sequestration.
CP-DSL: Supporting Configuration and Parametrization of Ocean Models with UVic (2.9) and MITgcm (67w)
Authors: Jung Reiner , Gundlach Sven , Hasselbring Wilhelm
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Ocean models are long-living software systems facing challenges with increasing complexity, architecture erosion, and managing legacy code. These challenges increase maintenance costs in development and use, which reduces the time and resources available for research. Software engineering addresses these challenges by separation of concerns and modularization. One particular approach is to separate concerns by tailor-made notations, i.e. Domain-Specific Languages (DSLs). Using DSLs, the model developer can focus on one concern at a time without the need to consider other concerns of a software system simultaneously. In ocean and climate models, DSL tooling, like PSyclone and Dusk/Dawn, is used for instance to separate scientific and technical code. CP-DSL complements this approach with a focus on configuration and parametrization, which play an important role in ocean models, especially in parameter optimization and scenario-based simulations. CP-DSL is designed to be model agnostic and provides a unified interface to different ocean models. Furthermore, the DSL can be integrated into tools and processes used by domain experts. In this paper we report on the DSL design, implementation, and the evaluation with scientists and research software engineers. The implementation of CP-DSL is available as open source software and a replication package for configuration and parameterization of UVic and MITgcm is provided.
Quantifying the glacial meltwater contribution to streams in mountainous regions using highly resolved stable water isotope measurements
Authors: Wanner Philipp , Buri Noemi , Wyss Kevin , Zischg Andreas , Weingartner Rolf , Baumgartner Jan , Berger Benjamin , Wanner Christoph
Published: October 2021

Abstract. This study aims to determine the contribution of glacial meltwater to streams in mountainous regions based on stable water isotope measurements (δ18O and δ2H). For this purpose, three partially glaciated catchments were selected as the study area in the central Swiss Alps being representative of catchments that are used for hydropower energy production in Alpine regions. The glacial meltwater contribution to the catchments’ stream discharges was evaluated based on high-resolution δ18O and δ2H measurements of the end-members that contribute to the stream discharge (ice, rain, snow) and of the discharging streams. The glacial meltwater contribution to the stream discharges could be unequivocally quantified after the snowmelt in August and September when most of the annual glacial meltwater discharge occurs. In August and September, the glacial meltwater contribution to the stream discharges corresponds to up to 95 ± 2 % and to 28.7 % ± 5 % of the total annual discharge in the evaluated catchments. The high glacial meltwater contribution demonstrates that the mountainous stream discharges in August and September will probably strongly decrease in the future due to global warming-induced deglaciation, which will be, however, likely compensated by higher discharge rates in winter and spring. Nevertheless, the changing mountainous streamflow regimes in the future will pose a challenge for hydropower energy production in the mountainous areas. Overall, this study provides a successful example of an Alpine catchment monitoring strategy to quantify the glacial meltwater contribution to stream discharges based on stable isotope water data, which leads to a better validation of existing modelling studies and which can be adapted to other mountainous regions.
EL VALOR DEL DINERO Y LOS PRECIOS: ¿CÓMO SE MIDEN?
Authors: López Rodríguez Luis Mario
Published: October 2021

Si alguna vez nos hemos preguntado cuánto vale un billete, seguramente diremos que: según su denominación, sea de 2.000, 10.000, 20.000 o 50.000 pesos, eso es lo que vale.
Analysis of the Human Resources Policies RSU Royal Prima in the Face of the Pandemic of
COVID-19
Authors: Afifa Sitti , Girsang Ermi , Nasution Sri Wahyuni
Published: October 2021

Currently there are as many as 65 countries infected with the corona virus. According to WHO as of March 2, 2020, the number of sufferers was 90,308 infected with Covid-19. The death rate reached 3,087 or 2.3% with a cure rate of 45,726 people. It is proven that the patient with the confirmation of Covid-19 in Indonesia originated from an event in Jakarta where the patient had contact with a Japanese national who lived in Malaysia. Hospitals will not be able to survive COVID-19 through hospital protocol and resources. Consider making passes. Second, use hospital personnel for the most relevant skills.
This study aims to determine the HR policy analysis of the Royal Prima Hospital in dealing with the COVID-19 Pandemic, using descriptive qualitative research with the method of collecting data using in-depth interviews (direct interviews) which are measured by data validity (triagulation) and using 5 samples is a related informant, then the data is processed and analyzed in tabular form which is described in narrative form.
The results of this study were found that in the input of the Royal Prima Medan General Hospital, the Policy on Health Protocols recommended by the government or WHO, found that the process of working and implementing policies as human resources has not been maximal in maintaining the distance between individual tablespoons, but the process of using APD is in accordance with the SOP. and meet Government or WHO standards. For Output There is human resource data confirmed to be infected with the corona virus. The data consists of 6 medical personnel, namely 2 nurses and 4 doctors.

Keywords: COVID-19, Royal Hospital Human Resources Policy against Pandemic, Health Protocol.
THE THE ROLE OF THE TEACHER AS A FACILITATOR IN THE USE OF INDONESIAN IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Authors: Marwanto Marwanto
Published: October 2021

This study discusses the role of the teacher as a facilitator of the use of Indonesian in the learning process. The teacher is a very important person in the world of education in the teaching and learning process as a mediator, facilitator, and leader in the classroom. Teachers and students must be able to communicate well as the principle of communication between teachers and students so that learning runs well. Even during a pandemic like now. Teachers are required to be more varied and wise in learning and to form closeness with students. The focus of this research is how the teacher's role as a facilitator of the use of Indonesian in Elementary School. Study on the use of Video Calls in Class 1 Learning at Muhammadiyah Elementary School Plus Salatiga. This study used interview, documentation, and observation techniques with two teachers, two students, and two student guardians. This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods. In the first grade students of Muhammadiyah Plus Salatiga elementary school, Indonesian language learning is on the theme of one learning two, namely Understanding Guidance Sentences