bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Latvijas akadēmiski izglītoto sieviešu apvienība: Sabiedriski-tiesiskās komisijas darbības piemērs (1929–1940)
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Rozīte Zane
Published: August 2022

Starpkaru periodā viena no nozīmīgākajām sieviešu organizācijām bija Latvijas akadēmiski izglītoto sieviešu apvienība, kuras mērķis bija izglītoto sieviešu interešu un tiesību pārstāvēšana. Apvienības darbību organizēja tematiskās komisijās un profesionālās sekcijās. Raksta mērķis ir raksturot apvienības struktūrvienību – Sabiedriski-tiesisko komisiju – un sniegt ieskatu tās darbībā. Balstoties uz Latvijas Nacionālā arhīva Latvijas Valsts vēstures arhīva nepublicētajiem dokumentiem, pētījuma gaitā raksturoti komisijas mērķi, darbības virzieni, aktivitātes formas un galvenās problēmas. Nozīmīgākās komisijas aktivitātes bija saistāmas ar tādiem jautājumiem kā sievietes darba tiesību ierobežošana, laulāto mantiskās attiecības jaunajā civillikumā un precētas sievietes pilsonība.
Лагранжев формализм для анализа акустических свойств двухфазных композитных материалов с дефектными межфазными границами
Authors:   Институт физики прочности и материаловедения СО РАН, Гриняев Ю. В. , Чертова Н. В. , Шилько Е. В. ,   Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет
Published: August 2022

Разработана новая механическая модель двухфазного композита, базирующаяся на построении функции Лагранжа и применении принципа наименьшего действия. Ключевое преимущество модели — прямой учет межфазного взаимодействия и наличия дефектов (несплошностей) на межфазных границах. В отличие от классических моделей непосредственным решением полученных уравнений данной модели являются значения скоростей упругих волн в композите, на основании которых далее могут быть определены эффективные упругие модули. На примере аналитического решения для 1D случая показаны качественно новые возможности, появляющиеся при использовании развитой модели для оценки акустических характеристик композитов и анализа влияния объемной доли фаз и поврежденности межфазных границ. Впервые теоретически показано, что помимо классических упругих волн с параметрами, с хорошей точностью оцениваемыми в рамках традиционных моделей, в композитных материалах с повреждениями на межфазных границах могут формироваться и устойчиво распространяться “медленные” упругие волны. Получены аналитические соотношения, позволяющие решать как прямую задачу определения скоростей “быстрых” и “медленных” упругих волн в композите с несовершенными межфазными границами, так и обратную задачу оценки поврежденности и объемных долей фаз по известным значениям скоростей упругих волн.
Validation of the Korean Voice Perceived Present Control Scale: A Pilot Study
Authors: Lee Jeong Min , Jung Soo Yeon , Kim Bin-Na , Kim Han Su
Published: August 2022

Background and Objectives The Voice Perceived Present Control scale (VPPC) has been developed to provide better insight into patients’ perceived control over their thoughts or behaviors related to voice disorders. The objective of the present study was to validate the Korean VPPC (K-VPPC) by evaluating its internal consistency and reliability.Materials and Method All items of the English VPPC were translated into Korean. Content validity was analyzed through three Delphi survey rounds by an expert panel (n=44) with active clinical and research experience in treating dysphonic patients. Twenty-three patients with a heterogeneous diagnosis of dysphonia and twenty-three gender-matched vocally normal controls (total n=46) were asked to complete the K-VPPC and the Korean Voice Handicap Index-10 (KVHI-10). Psychometric properties including internal consistency and reliability were evaluated to examine the appropriateness of cross-cultural use of K-VPPC.Results Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of K-VPPC was 0.89 for dysphonic patients, indicating good internal consistency in clinical samples. Furthermore, patients with dysphonia scored significantly lower on the total score of K-VPPC and higher on voice handicap than the vocally normal controls. Spearman’s correlation coefficients indicated an inverse and moderate association between the K-VPPC and all domains of KVHI-10 (Spearman’s r=-0.44– -0.68).Conclusion The findings of the current study indicated that the K-VPPC is a valid and reliable tool for the assessment of perceived control in Korean patients with dysphonia. Therefore, the K-VPPC could be a useful and complementary tool for the comprehensive evaluation of dysphonia, thereby improving care in Korean patients with voice disorders.
Hunminjeongeum Phonetics (I): Phonetic and Phoniatric Consideration for Explanation of Designs of Middle Vowel Letters
Authors: Choi Hong-Shik
Published: August 2022

Hunminjeongeum was made by the Great King Sejong, and composed of 17 consonant and 11 vowel letters. All the 28 letters were made according to the shape of vocal organ or space at the point of articulation for each letters. This review article focused on phonetic and phoniatric consideration for explanation of the designs of the middle vowel letters, especially three main vowel letters [ • (天, heaven), ㅡ (地, earth), ㅣ (人, human)] using video-fluoroscopic evaluation as well as computed tomography scanning, etc. During articulating / • / sound, a ball-like space at frontal portion of the oral cavity was found, tongue was contracted, and sound was deep (舌 縮而聲深). During /ㅡ/ sound, a flat air space between oral tongue and hard palate was created. Tongue was slightly contacted neither deep nor shallow (舌小縮而聲不深不淺). During /ㅣ/ sound, tongue was not contacted and Sound is light (舌不縮而聲淺). Tongue was moved forward making longitudinal oro-pharyngeal air space. So, I’d like to suggest that we had better change the explanation drawing from a philosophical modeling to a more scientific modeling from real vocal tract space modeling during articulating middle vowels of Hunminjeongeum.
Survival Rate and Growth of Pterapogon kauderni Larvae Given Different Feed Types
Authors: Safir Muhammad , Tobigo Desiana Trisnawati , Mangitung Septina F , Sambaeni Daniel , Ryaldi Muh , Adam Rizilvana Datu , Zainab Zainab , Husain Husain
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui jenis pakan yang memberikan kelangsungan hidup dan pertumbuhan yang tinggi pada larva Pterapogon kauderni pasca pelepasan dari mulut induknya. Penelitian didesain menggunakan tiga perlakuan meliputi; pemberian pakan komersial (A), udang rebon/Acetes (B), dan rotifer/Rotifera sp. (C). Setiap perlakuan diberi tiga kali ulangan. Pakan diberikan sebanyak tiga kali dalam sehari (pagi, siang dan sore hari) secara at-satiation. Lama pemeliharaan dilakukan selama satu minggu. Hasil analisis menunjukkan laju pertumbuhan harian tertinggi terjadi pada perlakuan B (1.39±0.92%), dan berbeda secara signifikan (P<0.05) dengan perlakuan A (0.90±0.02%). Pertambahan biomasa tertinggi terjadi pada perlakuan C (0.005 g) dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya (A=0.003 g, B=0.003 g). Kelangsungan hidup untuk semua perlakuan tidak berbeda secara signifikan (P>0.05). Sebagai kesimpulan, jenis pakan yang memberikan kelangsungan hidup dan pertumbuhan tertinggi pada larva ikan P. kauderni pasca pelepasan dari mulut induknya adalah rotifer.
Effect of Additional Probiotic EM-4 (Effective Microorganism-4) on Feed on Growth, Feed Conversion Ratio, and Fish Seed Survival Cyprinus carpio L.
Authors: Abdillah Abdillah , Madinawati Madinawati
Published: August 2022

Kendala budidaya ikan mas yaitu pemberian pakan buatan pada benih yang belum optimal terhadap terhadap kelangsungan hidup dan laju pertumbuhan. Hal ini disebabkan karena sistem pencernaan pada benih belum berdiferensiasi secara morfologis maupun fisiologis, sehingga kemampuan benih untuk mencerna pakan masih memerlukan penambahan suplemen seperti probiotik. Penelitian bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh penambahan EM-4 dalam pakan terhadap SGR, FCR dan sintasan benih ikan mas. Penelitian dilaksanakan April - Mei 2019 di Laboratorium Kualitas Air dan Biota Akuatik, Universitas Tadulako. Penelitian menggunakan RAL terdiri 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu variasi dosis penambahan EM-4 yang dicampur pada pakan komersil: A (0 ml/kg pakan); B (2 ml/kg pakan); C (6 ml/kg pakan); D (10 ml/kg pakan); E (14 ml/kg pakan). Analisis data menggunakan ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut BNT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan probiotik EM-4 pada pakan berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap SGR, FCR dan sintasan ikan mas. Perlakuan D (10 ml/kg pakan) merupakan perlakuan terbaik yang menghasilkan SGR 0,014%, pertumbuhan bobot mutlak sebesar 7,775 g, FCR sebesar 0,350 dan sintasan 95%.
Protein, Fat, Water, and Total Microbe Level is Beef Meatballs Processed with Coconut Fiber Liquid Smoke
Authors: Halid Sukisman Abdul , Gobel Minarny
Published: August 2022

Pangan tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai penyedia zat gizi untuk kebutuhan tubuh (fungsi primer) dan sebagai pemenuhan selera karena aroma dan citarasanya (fungsi primer), tetapi pangan yang dikonsumsi juga harus memiliki fungsi tersier yaitu sebagai penyedia zat aktif yang jika masuk ke dalam tubuh atau sistem hayati lainnya dapat mempengaruhi proses fisiologis dan biokimiawi. Salah satu bahan tambahan pangan yang memberikan aroma dan cita rasa yang khas adalah asap cair sabut kelapa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat sifat fisik kimia yang meliputi kadar protein, kadar lemak, dan kadar air, serta analisis terhadap total mikroba (Total Palte Count/TPC) bakso daging sapi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar protein tertinggi diperoleh pada sampel B3sk2 yaitu 12,80+0,82 % dan terendah diperoleh pada sampel B1 sk0 yaitu sebesar 9,38+0,54 %, kadar lemak tertinggi diperoleh pada sampel B5sk4 sebesar 0,23+ 0,02% dan terendah diperoleh pada sampel B2sk1 sebesar 0,13+0,01%. Kadar air tertinggi diperoleh pada sampel B1sk0 sebesar 77,03+0,18%, dan terendah diperoleh pada sampel B3sk2 sebesar 69,60+0,13%, serta rata-rata jumlah total mikroba tertinggi diperoleh pada sampel B2sk1 yaitu sebesar 4,79+0,33 log cfu/g, dan terendah diperoleh pada sampel B4sk3 sebesar 2,20+ 0,70 log cfu/g.
Editorial: Towards a comprehensive review of corporate governance
Authors: Shahrour Mohamad Hassan
Published: August 2022

In an era of falling margins, intense competition, and political uncertainty, firms require an efficient strategy to remain competitive. Such strategies are the fruit of efficient management and well governance. Over the previous decades, the term corporate governance (CG) has generated a plethora of literature and led to a proliferation of approaches. While research on CG was initially limited to US firms and the board of directors, recent studies discuss ownership structure and shed light on other markets. Admittedly, this is what scientific research is about, as studying a country in isolation can lead to the erroneous belief that any relationship observed there can be observed everywhere. Scholars state that firms’ behavior is influenced by their institutional framework (Ioannou & Serafeim, 2012; Shahrour, Girerd-Potin, & Taramasco, 2022; Walker, Zhang, & Ni, 2019), and thus, one might expect the governance mechanism and strategies to vary between countries. This issue sheds light on such variations, by exploring different contexts.
The Selection of the Suitable Renewable Hybrid Pairs: A Case Study
Authors: DURSUN Mahir , SALTUK Fatih
Published: August 2022

The renewable hybrid energy system may be quite an energy that uses the same energy infrastructure. Although hybrid energy structures are fed from different types of renewable energy sources, they are systems that give energy to the grid over the same busbar and energy transmission line. The amount of energy that hybrid energy systems can deliver to the grid is limited by the installed capacity of the main source. A well-designed hybrid system can produce more stable electricity throughout the year. The advanced technology networks of various energy sources guarantee the very best efficiency in energy production. Hybrid energy systems combine centralized and non-local storage with intelligent and low-loss control and energy consumption. Also, energy management is provided owing to this integrated renewable hybrid system. During this study, a brand-new algorithm was designed for renewable hybrid selection. Algorithm and integrated renewable hybrid systems are clarified by a case study. A solar power system is used as one of the hybrid pairs for all renewable energy sources.
A Multidisciplinary Approach to Maxillary Lateral Incisor Agenesis (MLIA): A Case Report
Authors: Lopes-Rocha L , Rocha D , Pinho T
Published: August 2022

Maxillary lateral incisor agenesis (MLIA) is a condition that significantly compromises smile esthetics and is a particular concern in younger patients. The treatment options include orthodontics for space opening with rehabilitation or space closure with canine camouflage. Currently, there is some controversy regarding the most appropriate treatment. In this case report, we propose a multidisciplinary approach through the combination of orthodontic treatment, frenectomy, and a restorative finishing stage with composite resin and dental implants. More specifically, this treatment was planned to orthodontically close the anterior space by opening the premolar area for subsequent placement of implants and enameloplasty with a composite resin.

The replacement of a missing lateral incisor by an implant is a predictable treatment approach, but it might best be deferred until dental maturity and then accurately placed in a well-developed site through a multidisciplinary approach. Precluding the closure of the anterior spaces and the opening of the posterior zone for implant placement, allows for a more stable and appealing esthetic and functional rehabilitation for young patients, in whom esthetic appearance and self-esteem play a primary role.
Thermoplasmonic laser-induced backside wet etching
Authors: Shubny A. G. , Epifanov E. O. , Minaev N. V. , Yusupov V. I.
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to one of the effective technologies for processing solid transparent materials—thermoplasmonic laser-induced backside wet etching (TP LIBWE). This technology involves aqueous solutions of metal precursors as a working medium. The dependence of the efficiency of sapphire TP LIBWE micromachining on the parameters of laser action is studied with the aqueous solution of the AgNO3 precursor as a working media. The near-optimal range of laser intensities from the point of the etching speed and quality is found. Utilizing the optoacoustic methods, high-speed video, and an optical integrating sphere, the initial stage of the TP LIBWE process is studied in detail. A four-stage model of the TP LIBWE beginning process is proposed, which explains the effects from the beginning of Ag nanoparticle formation in the region of laser exposure to the transition of the TP LIBWE process to a stationary laser microstructuring mode. It is shown that effective microstructuring occurs due to the appearance on the sapphire surface of a thin modified layer in the region of laser action. This thin modified layer is an amorphous Al2O3 with numerous plasmonic Ag nanoparticles inside it and at the sapphire/liquid interface.
Russian Renewable Energy Politics in the Arctic: National Priorities and Local Realities
Authors: Vakulchuk Roman
Published: August 2022

Denne bokomtalen dreier seg om Hilma Salonens studie av overgangen til fornybar energi i Russlands arktiske strøk: Russian Renewable Energy Politics in the Arctic: National Priorities and Local Realities. Hun viser at det er mulig å realisere fornybar-prosjekter i fossilavhengige land som Russland. Selv om aktørene som fremmer slike prosjekter ikke synes å være fremtredende i Russland, viser studien at de har et visst handlingsrom som de lykkes med å utnytte.  
In Russian Renewable Energy Politics in the Arctic: National Priorities and Local Realities, Hilma Salonen examines the renewable energy transition in the Russian Arctic. She documents how, even in a heavily fossil-fuel dominated country like Russia, renewable energy players can achieve their goals. Hidden at first glance, these actors exhibit features of agency and can act successfully to develop renewable energy projects.
Nationalism as an Argument in Contemporary Russia: Four Perspectives on Language in Action
Authors: Kolstø Pål
Published: August 2022

Boken Nationalism as an Argument in Contemporary Russia: Four Perspectives on Language in Action er Veera Laines ph.d.-avhandling som hun forsvarte ved Universitetet i Helsingfors i 2021. Den består av tre artikler, et bokkapittel og en lang og grundig innledningstekst. Alt i alt har Laine skrevet en solid, veldokumentert og teoretisk velfundert avhandling.
The book Nationalism as an Argument in Contemporary Russia: Four Perspectives on Language in Action is Vera Laine’s PhD dissertation which she defended at the University of Helsinki in 2021. It contains three research articles, one book chapter and a long and thorough introductory part. All things considered, Laine has written a solid, well-documented and theoretically well-founded dissertation.
Frontline Extension Workers’ Information Use, Protective Behaviors and Counseling Practices During Covid -19 Pandemic in Imo State, Nigeria
Authors: JO Ajaero
Published: August 2022

The only people close to the farmers are the extension workers, and to function well, they need the right information, good health and sound mind all the time. However, the sources of information on covid 19 available to them is unknown, hence this study. The study seeks to identify covid 19 information sources of extension workers, examine their protective behaviors, and describe counseling practices they adopt to reach farmers. A total of 120 extension staff purposively chosen from Imo ADP was used to elicit information for the study using questionnaire. Data were analyzed descriptively. The results revealed that the extension staff get information from a variety of ways, such as health organizations (72.5%), healthcare professionals (74.2%), ministries of Health and Agriculture (79.2%). They practice social distancing (83.3%), wearing of face masks (70.5%), avoid contact with eyes, nose and mouth (68.3%), promote hand washing (70.5%), avoid public gathering and many more. In counseling the farmers, the educate them regularly (85%), training of farmers (78.3%) and many more. It is worthy of commendation that since life has no duplicate, the extension staff are doing great job by adhering to covid 19 protocols and should be praised for service to humanity.
Agronomic and other Traits of Mung Bean (Vigna Radiata L.) Response to Different Levels of Phosphorus Fertilizer and Row Spacing for Better Grain Yield Production in Silte Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Dikr Wondimkun
Published: August 2022

Mung bean is one of the important annual self-pollinated pulse crops. The study was conducted at Sankura wereda Jejebicho Kebele in 2020/21 main cropping season on Jejebicho research station of WGARC. We used mung bean variety called ‘Arkebe’’ released by HARC. This study was conducted to determine the optimum row spacing and phosphorus fertilizer rate for better grain yield of mung bean and to assess the economic value of using P for Mung bean production. The analysis data showed that, branch number per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seed per pod, above ground biomass yield, grain yield and harvest index of were significantly affected by due to the interaction effects of both Phosphorus fertilizer application and intra row spacing. The highest branch number per plant (8.55), number of pods per plant (31.17), number of seed per pod (13.45), above ground biomass yield (8901.5kg ha-1), grain yield (2500.6 kg ha-1) was obtained from the application of 60 kg P2 O5 ha-1 and 10cm intra row spacing but, maximum harvest index was from the application of 40 kg P2 O5 ha-1 and 15cm intra row spacing. that the highest mean net benefit (87307.56 ETB ha-1) with acceptable MRR (720%) was obtained in the application of 60 kg P2 O5 ha-1 with 40cm x10 cm row spacing. In contrast, the lowest mean net benefit (38,873.03 ETB ha-1) was obtained from the control (unfertilized) plot 40cm x 5cm row spacing. So, application of 60 kg P2 O5 ha-1 with 10 cm x 40cm row spacing is best and economical to mung production for farmers in the study area and similar agro-ecologies.
Spatial Analysis of Mangrove Distribution Using Landsat 8 Oli in Badung Regency and Denpasar City, Bali Province, Indonesia
Authors: Wiguna Putu Perdana Kusuma , Sutari Ni Wayan Sri , Febriarta Erik , Permatasari Afrinia Lisditya , Suherningtyas Ika Afianita , Pulungan Nur Ainun Harlin Jennie , Sukraini Tri Tanami , Gani Mutiara
Published: August 2022

Bali is an island situated among the Indonesian archipelago with huge potential to host mangrove forests. Using remote sensing technology advances, satellite images, such as Landsat images, might be employed to analyse mangrove forest distribution and density. This paper presents an analysis of mangrove distribution in Badung Regency and Denpasar City, Bali, as a basis for the management and conservation of mangrove ecosystems. This study used Landsat 8 OLI images and a vegetation index to analyse the mangrove forest distribution and density in this area. It started by identifying mangrove forests using the RGB 564 band and continued to distinguish between mangrove and non-mangrove objects using unsupervised classification, before analysing mangrove density using the NDVI formula. The results show that the mangrove forest area in 2020 was 1,269.20 ha, with an accuracy rate of 83%. Mangroves were found on the deepest or most curved coastline of the Benoa Bay area, on enclosed waters. This distribution follows the river network in the lower reach, which has thick deposits and is uninfluenced by large currents and waves. Based on the vegetation index analysis results, the mangrove forest area observed mainly had a moderate density, with a total area of 510.85 ha (40%), followed by high density (413.15 ha/ 33%) and low density (340.51 ha/ 27%).
Sustainability Level of Heritage Cities in Malaysia
Authors: Saleh Yazid , Mahat Hanifah , Hashim Mohmadisa , Nayan Nasir , Suhaily Samsudin , Ghazali Mohamad Khairul Anuar
Published: August 2022

This article aims to measure the level of sustainability of heritage cities in Malaysia. A thousand residents of ten selected heritage cities throughout Malaysia were selected as the respondents based on the cluster sampling and simple random methods to complete the questionnaire. A Likert scale on questionnaires 1 to 5 was used to elicit feedback. Five sustainability constructs were used: economic, social, environmental, cultural heritage, and government/community role. The results showed that the items in each study construct achieved an acceptable reliability level, with a Cronbach Alpha value greater than 0.70, and also met the normality test requirements. Descriptive analyses of the frequencies, percentages, and average mean values were used to establish each construct's level of sustainability. The results of the study show that the cities that attracted high scores were Georgetown (3.94), Taiping (4.00), Melaka City (3.76), and Muar (3.71). Meanwhile, the cities that attracted moderate scores were Kuala Kubu Bharu (3.36), Jugra (3.23), Tampin (3.37), Kuala Lipis (3.28), Kota Bharu (3.65) and Kuching (3.51). The implications of this study can be used to indicate the actual situation of the level of sustainability of heritage cities and be a reference to carry out the process of improvement towards a more sustainable city by 2030.
Spatial and Seasonal Patterns of Flood Inundation in Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria
Authors: Jimoh Usman Umar
Published: August 2022

The study examines spatial patterns of flood inundation in Lokoja, Kogi state, Nigeria. Maximum Likelihood Classifier algorithm of the supervised land use/cover classification technique was utilized. The results obtained from the analysis were used to estimate the magnitude and visualize the seasonal and spatial pattern of flood inundation event. Eight Landsat Images comprising of two sets for each year (dry and wet seasons) were acquired from the portal of United States Geological Survey (2018). The Landsat images were classified into land cover classes such as Built Up, Vegetation and Water Body. After completing the land cover classification, the area of each class was determined and converted to square kilometers and percentages for both wet and dry seasons. Based on the classification, the brown colour depicts the built-up areas, blue for water body, and green for vegetation. Finally, accuracy assessment was carried out using historical Google Earth images, informed knowledge of the area, and GPS coordinates. ArcMap 10.5 was used to produce land use/cover maps for the study period. The result overall, revealed the effect of flood inundation to be more intense on vegetation. 1.62%, 4.60%, 23.05% and 6.43% of vegetated land was lost in 1999, 2009, 2012 and 2018, respectively.  Therefore, efforts to improve resilience against variable weather, flood inundation and seasonal uncertainties should be encouraged.
Simulated Mitigation of Tsunami Disasters in the Coastal Area of Purworejo Regency, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Sudaryatno Sudaryatno , Sumantyo Josaphat Tetuko Sri , Purwanto Taufik Heri , Hidayat Inti Raidah , Nasikha Maulida Allya
Published: August 2022

The coastal area of Purworejo Regency has the potential to be hit by a mega-tsunami disaster because it includes the southern coast of Java Island which is faced with seismic gaps that may produce large earthquakes in the future. This study aims to simulate tsunami disaster mitigation in the coastal area of Purworejo Regency in an effort to raise awareness and increase the community capacity for dealing with potential tsunamis so that the level of loss can be minimized. The tsunami risk analysis is based on the Disaster Crunch model, which is a combination of vulnerability analysis based on the weighted overlay quantitative method and tsunami hazard analysis based on tsunami inundation reduction modeling and cost distance analysis. The planning of the tsunami evacuation route is based on the network analysis method. The tsunami-risk area with a run-up scenario of three meters in the coastal area of Purworejo Regency 126,29 square kilometers or about 72,52% of the total coastal area. There are five tsunami evacuation plan points, with five main tsunami evacuation routes that lead directly to each of these points.
COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS ANALYSIS BASED ON THE FLUID FLOW SEPARATION POINT ON THE UPPER SIDE OF THE NACA 0015 AIRFOIL WITH THE COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION
Authors: Julian James , Iskandar Waridho , Wahyuni Fitri , Ferdyanto Ferdyanto
Published: August 2022

A new method that is more practical, efficient and applicable is proposed to track the position of fluid flow separation on the upper side of NACA 0015. The proposed method is the coefficient of friction curve (Cf) method on the airfoil's upper side. The approach used is a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach. The governing equation used is the Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equation.  is the turbulence model implemented in this study. The research is conducted on the low Reynolds number category. The low Reynolds number is in the range of values from 104 to 3Í105. Cf can predict the location of fluid flow separation more practically, efficiently, and applicable than the fluid flow velocity profile method. Flow separation begins to form at  =8° at position x/c=0.8. The location of the fluid flow separation continues to move closer to the leading edge as the  airfoil increases. Through the Cf curve, the location of the fluid flow separation is when the Cf curve experiences a sudden decrease and approaches the x-axis. If the separation points are described in the form of velocity profiles and fluid flow velocity contours, it will form an extreme decrease.
THE EFFECT OF HEAT TREATMENT AND PRESSING AT 400 °C WITH COCONUT SHELL CHARCOAL MEDIA ON THE HARDNESS, MICROSTRUCTURE, AND DENSITY OF AL-SI ALLOYS
Authors: Masyrukan Masyrukan , Darmawan Agung Setyo , Hariyanto Agus , Purboputro Pramuko Ilmu , Ihwanudin Hanif Alfian , Pamungkas Muhammad Ibnu
Published: August 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of the heat treatment process and pressing on hardness, density, and morphological changes in the microstructure of Al-Si alloys. In this study, the medium used was coconut shell charcoal with a mesh size of 80 at a heat treatment process of 400 °C and a holding time of 75 minutes. The pressing was carried out with a load of 150 N. The result of this research is an increase in the hardness of the Al-Si alloy with an average value of 133 VHN after the Heat Treatment and pressing process. In the microstructure, there is a morphological change in the Al-Si alloy with the reduction of Si elements and also an increase in the density value after the heat treatment process.
The effect of filler adding palm kernel shell ash on durability and marshall values properties of asphalt concrete mix
Authors: Oktavia Amelia , Sukmana Irza , Arif Yanuar Zulardiansyah , Nama Gigih Forda
Published: August 2022

Lampung  Province is one of the palm oil producers, especially in  Way Kanan Regency. Way Kanan Regency has two palm oil-producing mills, namely  PT.  Sawit  Indo Mas which is located  in Kampung Tanjung  Raja Sakti Blambangan  Umpu  and PT PLP which is located  in Kampung Bumi  Agung, Bahuga District. The two factories duce thousands of tons of Crude Palm Oil (CPO)   vegetable oil daily produced from palm fruit plants (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq, Arecaceae). From oil management, it is undeniable that it can create a lot of solid waste from the palm shell. Meanwhile, the government has not made much effort to use the waste from the waste. When managing palm fruit, palm shells cannot be processed into oil because they have a hard texture, so the shells are discarded and become waste. Then we use the shell for research material as a filler. Palm shell ash has a silicon dioxide  (SiO2) content which is also contained in Portland cement, so this content can allow the acquisition of a good asphalt mixture on the AC-BC layer. This study aims to see the effect of the effectiveness of adding shell ash fillers from palm shell waste in marshall test tests and value the resulting durability. The addition of fillers with percentages of  20%, 30%, 40%, 50%and 60%. From the results obtained from the test results in the laboratory that the addition of shell ash fillers of 40% gets better performance compared to shell ash with percentages of  20%, 30%, and 60%, with a higher state value of 1225 kg shown. In marshall testing, using palm shell ash fillers can increase the value of  KAO. So that from the marshall test, the durability value of the sample immersion at the IRS value of 0%  was 98.4% greater than the 40%, which was  91.13%. Overall, using palm shell ash fillers meets the minimum requirements of Bina Marga as an asphalt mixture. The degree of weather change in immersion durability affects the strength level of the marshall test.
The effect of barite addition and graphite particle size on the specific abrasion of fly-ash/phenolic composite for brake lining application
Authors: Savetlana Shirley , Zulhanif Zulhanif , Supriadi Harnowo , Ramadhan Irvan , Beliantara Teten
Published: August 2022

Annually, million tons of fly-ash and bottom fly-ash is a waste of coal power plant. Fly ash contains Iron-oxide, alumina and silica. Those hard particle makes fly-ash can be used as a reinforcement in polymer composite. This composite is a wear resistance material and can be used as material for brake lining application. Fly ash reinforced phenolic composite has a low specific abrasion. The composite for brake lining material consisted of the reinforcement, friction modifier, solid lubricant and filler. Graphite is used as solid lubricant while barite is used as filler. Many research were carried out research on the particle size effect on the composite mechanical properties. However the size different between the constituent in composite has not investigated. Also the optimal barite weight fraction has not being observed. The composite was made by mixing all of the constituent, pressing in the mold and curing. The result show that the graphite particle size ? 150 mm has the lowest specific abrasion. The observation using scanning electron microscope shows that the composite contained small particle of ? 56 mm tends to agglomerate than the composite contained larger particle of ? 150 mm. the composite contained 15% barite has the lowest specific abrasion. The micrograph of scanning electron microscope shows the mixed of phenolic and barite evenly covered the graphite and fly-ash particles.
ANALYSIS THE SECURITY OF SOME CIPHERS IN INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS OF WIRELESS SENSORS NETWORKS
Authors:   Department of Computer Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Fadhil Jasim Khalid , Hussein Shukur Mohammad , Abdulabbas Nahi Alrabeeah Abdullah ,   Department of Computer Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, R. Fleih Laith ,   Department of Computer Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Published: August 2022

The wireless sensor networks played substantial role in many fields such as pollution monitoring system, health care system, military operations system, agriculture industries, bridges monitoring, and wastewater treatment systems. Various types of data are exchanged via these networks which can be exploited by intruders or unauthorized users. Hence, there is a demand to protect the data confidentiality in these networks. The cipher algorithms can be used to protect the data confidentiality in these networks. This research presents some applications of wireless networks. Moreover, the research focused on study some cipher algorithms and different features of these ciphers. In this context, the encryption keys, input block, encryption process, and components of these algorithms have been covered. Thus, these cipher algorithms can provide suitable level of protection for the WSN networks.
Simulation framework to measure the effect of applying smart house on the power consumption
Authors:   Department of Informatics and Software Engineering, Cihan University-Erbil Kurdistan Region – Iraq, Nashwan Abdulfattah Ahmad , A. Nahi Abdullah ,   Department of Computer Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Saif Almashhadani Yazen ,   Department of Informatics and Software Engineering, Cihan University-Erbil Kurdistan Region – Iraq
Published: August 2022

Distribution network operators are becoming increasingly interested in accurately anticipating load characteristics at the low voltage level. Energy disaggregation could be one of the potential approaches to exploit the massive amount of smart meter data to fulfill the task. Proper individual home appliance modelling is critical to the performance of NILM. In this paper, a hierarchical hidden Markov model (HHMM) framework to model home appliances is proposed. This model aims to provide better representation for those appliances that have multiple built-in modes with distinct power consumption profiles, such as washing machines and dishwashers. The dynamic Bayesian network representation of such an appliance model is built. A forward backward algorithm, which is based on the framework of expectation maximization (EM), is formalized for the HHMM fitting process. Tests on publicly available data show that the HHMM and proposed algorithm can effectively handle the modelling of appliances with multiple functional modes, as well as better representing a general type of appliances. A disaggregation test also demonstrates that the fitted HHMM can be easily applied to a general inference solver to outperform conventional hidden Markov model in the estimation of energy disaggregation.
Faktor Penentu Surplus Underwriting Dana Tabarru’ Asuransi Jiwa Syariah di Indonesia Periode 2015-2020
Authors: Widyastuti Emy , Sholihah Anis
Published: August 2022

The occurrence of a high underwriting surplus will greatly benefit the company and have an impact on the level of public confidence in the services and products offered by sharia insurance so that people will choose the company as a place to do insurance. This requires the underwriter to carry out underwriting management properly so that there is an underwriting surplus. This study was conducted to determine the effect of premiums, claims and investment returns on the underwriting surplus of tabarru' funds for full sharia life insurance in Indonesia in 2015-2020. This research method is done through panel data regression. Research data in the form of secondary data with purposive sampling as a technique used in the research sample. Partially, the results show that premiums have a significant positive effect on the underwriting surplus, claims have a significant negative effect on the underwriting surplus, and investment returns have an insignificant negative effect on the underwriting surplus. Simultaneous testing shows that premiums, claims and investment returns have a significant effect on the underwriting surplus.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Pondok Pesantren Berbasis Pengembangan Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Syariah : Studi Kasus pada Pondok Pesantren Darussalam Dukuhwaluh Kabupaten Banyumas
Authors: Riyadi Sugeng , Akhmadi Slamet
Published: August 2022

The pro-life skills movement towards Islamic boarding schools is quite encouraging. This is marked by a pro-active policy from the government that is more open in order to prepare pesantren alumni to take part in development participation. However, in the opinion of researchers, the opportunities provided are still independent grants. The point is, the government assistance is still in the form of mere material funds in the form of various entrepreneurial competitions as well as freelance fund faucets that emphasize the connectivity of Islamic boarding schools to the government and are non-auditing. Of course, this phenomenon will later lead to the pretension of unhealthy competition, stigma of nepotism and lead to apathy among Islamic boarding schools that are not covered by grant funds for these various government programs. On the other hand, the absence of auditing efforts on the progress of entrepreneurship assistance will cause the recipients of funds to be indifferent to the consequences of productivity and accountability. This discourse certainly requires an accurate integrative solution called continuous mentoring.
In-vitro Comparison of Antibacterial Activities on Stingless Bee Propolis using Selected Extraction Methods
Authors: Al-Masoodi OHH , Said Gulam Khan HB , Baharuddin IH , Ismail IH
Published: August 2022

This study aimed to compare the different selected extraction methods of propolis extracts against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis). Extraction of Malaysian Propolis (MP) from Heterotrigona itama, was carried out using 70% ethanol. For the selected extraction processes, such as, centrifugation-assisted extraction (CAE), vacuum-assisted extraction (VAE), and shaking-assisted extraction (SAE) methods were used. Antimicrobial activity against E. faecalis was assessed using the antibacterial susceptibility test (AST). The results showed that SAE, followed by CAE, had better antimicrobial properties as compared to those obtained by VAE. The inhibition zones for SAE, CAE, and VAE were 5.3mm, 4.67mm, and 4.16mm, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) for extracted MP by SAE were 12.5 and 25 mg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, non-setting calcium hydroxide’s [Ca(OH)2] MIC and MBC were determined to be 50 and 100 mg/mL, respectively. As a result, we believe that extraction of raw MP from Heterotrigona itama using the SAE method was more effective than Ca(OH)2 against E. faecalis.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Perceived Harm of e-Cigarette Use Behaviour among Medical and Dental Undergraduate Students in UiTM
Authors: Mahamad Sobri MF , Azlan AH , Md. Bohari NF , Mohd Radzi NA , Bakri NN
Published: August 2022

Background: Healthcare professionals have a prominent role to play in addressing the tobacco epidemic and the rapid increase of e-cigarette use in the population. The growing interest of electronic cigarettes has led to a broad debate whether e-cigarettes can be used as a harm reduction tool towards smoking. Objectives: This study aims to explore the knowledge, attitude, and perceived harm of vaping behaviour among medical and dental undergraduate students in UiTM. Methods: A questionnaire-based survey was administered using Google Form to all participants. Demographics and data from four domains of knowledge, attitude towards vaping behaviour, mass media exposure of e-cigarettes and perception of health-related risks of vaping were collected. Results: Data were obtained from 309 undergraduates with a mean age of 20.6 (SD ± 1.60). The majority of them have never smoked (96.1%) or used e-cigarettes (99.0%). Nine in 10 believe they play a role in their patient’s smoking cessation therapy in the future (91.3%). Slightly more than half (62.1%) have poor knowledge of e-cigarette, less favourable attitude towards vaping (50.8%) and perceived e-cigarettes to be less harmful (56.0%). The majority of them also claimed high exposure towards e-cigarette marketing from the mass media (85.1%). Conclusion: UiTM medical and dental undergraduates have less favourable attitudes towards e-cigarettes but lacked knowledge on the issue. They also perceived the e-cigarettes to be less harmful to health compared to conventional cigarettes. This points out the urgent need to further educate health professionals and also to provide clear guidelines at every level to regulate vaping behaviour among the population.
The role of deep eutectic solvents in the production of cellulose nanomaterials from biomass
Authors: Jančíková Veronika , Jablonský Michal
Published: August 2022

In recent years, the demand for environment-friendly products has been on an increasing trend among researchers and industry for sustainable development. Deep eutectic solvents are green solvents which, due to their properties (biodegradability, recyclability, low cost, availability, easy preparation, low toxicity, chemical and thermal stability), can be used in various fields such as polymer chemistry, which includes nanocellulose isolation and polysaccharides processing. Several studies have illustrated the effectiveness of using deep eutectic solvents instead of the conventional reaction system to produce and disperse nanomaterials. This work summarizes the use of deep eutectic solvents in the isolation of cellulosic nanomaterials from different types of biomass. Deep eutectic solvents demonstrate high effectiveness in swelling lignocellulosic biomass and producing cellulose nanomaterials. Overall, deep eutectics solvents represent an innovative and effective pretreatment process for the fractionation of raw cellulose-containing fibres to promote subsequent isolation of nanomaterials made from cellulose.
A Hyper-Heuristic for the Preemptive Single Machine Scheduling Problem to Minimize the Total Weighted Tardiness
Authors: Romanuke Vadim
Published: August 2022

A problem of minimizing the total weighted tardiness in the preemptive single machine scheduling for discrete manufacturing is considered. A hyper-heuristic is presented, which is composed of 24 various heuristics, to find an approximately optimal schedule whenever finding the exact solution is practically intractable. The three heuristics are based on the well-known rules, whereas the 21 heuristics are introduced first. Therefore, the hyper-heuristic selects the best heuristic schedule among 24 schedule versions, whose total weighted tardiness is minimal. Each of the 24 heuristics can solely produce a schedule which is the best one for a given scheduling problem. Despite the percentage of zero gap instances decreases as the greater number of jobs is scheduled, the average and maximal gaps decrease as well. In particular, the percentage is not less than 80 % when up to 10 jobs are scheduled. The average gap calculated over nonzero gaps does not exceed 4 % in the case of scheduling 7 jobs. When manufacturing consists of hundreds of jobs, the hyper-heuristic is made an online scheduling algorithm by applying it only to a starting part of the manufacturing process.
Fractional Differential Equations in the Model of Vocational Education and Teaching Practice Environment
Authors: Wang Qiong , Muttar Ahmed Kh.
Published: August 2022

This article introduces the development history of fractional calculus and expounds on the positive significance of fractional calculus in integrating higher mathematics teaching. The author introduces an ordinary differential equation model case appropriately. In this way, ordinary differential equations play an important role in improving college students’ mathematical thinking ability and mathematical application ability.
How Can Hybrid Materials Enable a Circular Economy?
Authors: Wacławek Stanisław , Fijalkowski Mateusz , Bardos Paul , Kočí Jan , Scholz Sebastian , Hirsch Patrick , Domann Gerhard , Černík Miroslav
Published: August 2022

Climate change, critical material shortages and environmental degradation pose an existential threat to the entire world. Immediate action is needed to transform the global economy towards a more circular economy with less intensive use of fossil energy and limited resources and more use of recyclable materials. Recyclable materials and manufacturing techniques will play a critical role in this transformation. Substantial advancements will be needed to achieve a more intelligent materials design to enhance both functionality and enhanced sustainability. The development of hybrid materials combining functionality at macro and nano scales based on organic and inorganic compounds, that are entirely recyclable could be used for tremendous applications. In this mini-review, we provide the reader with recent innovations on hybrid materials for application in water, energy and raw materials sectors. The topic is very modern and after its deep study we propose a creation an international research centre, that would combine the development of hybrid materials with green manufacturing. We have highlighted a framework that would comprise critical themes of the initial research needed. Such a centre would promote sustainable production of materials through intelligent hybridisation and eco-efficient, digital manufacturing and enable a circular economy in the long term. Such activities are strongly supported by current environmental and economical initiatives, like the Green Deal, REPower EU and digital EU initiatives.
Impact of reconfiguration on the flow downstream of a flexible foliated plant
Authors: Maio Marco , Marini Gustavo , Fontana Nicola , Gualtieri Paola , Caroppi Gerardo
Published: August 2022

This paper explores the impacts of reconfiguration and leaf morphology on the flow downstream of a flexible foliated plant. 3D acoustic Doppler velocimetry and particle image velocimetry were used to experimentally investigate the hydrodynamic interaction between a foliated plant and the flow, testing two plants with different leaves morphology under different bulk flow velocities. The model vegetation was representative of riparian vegetation species in terms of plants hydrodynamic behavior and leaf to stem area ratio. To explore the effects of the seasonal variability of vegetation on the flow structure, leafless conditions were tested. Reconfiguration resulted in a decrease of the frontal projected area of the plants up to the 80% relative to the undeformed value. Such changes in plant frontal area markedly affected the spatial distributions of mean velocity and turbulence intensities, altering the local exchanges of momentum. At increasing reconfiguration, the different plant morphology influenced the mean and turbulent wake width. The leafless stem exhibited a rigid behavior, with the flow in the wake being comparable to that downstream of a rigid cylinder. The study revealed that the flexibility-induced reconfiguration of plants can markedly affect the local distribution of flow properties in the wake, potentially affecting transport processes at the scale of the plant and its subparts.