bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stimulated Emission in CdHgTe Structures with Quantum Wells under Optical Pumping
Authors: Gorn D.I. , Voitsekhovskii Alexander V.
Published: February 2016

This paper is devoted to the consideration of currently available studies on obtaining stimulated infrared emission in structures based on HgCdTe quantum wells. Also analysis and interpretation of discussed experimental results are presented in this article.
Oligomerization of Carbon Monoxide in Plasma of the Dielectric Barrier Discharge
Authors: Litvishko E. , Goreshnev M. , Maletina Larisa
Published: February 2016

Influence of plasma dielectric barrier discharge on oligomerization of carbon monoxide was shown. The ratio of CO and H2 was equal to 2: 1. Gas flow-rate was 3 cm3/s for H2 and 6 sm3/s for CO. It was found that methane formation is 1.2% at parameters of dielectric barrier discharge of 0.1 J. per pulse, up to 2000 pulse per second.
Multicapillary Carbon-Epoxy Tubes as a Cathode Material for a Pulsed Electron Accelerator
Authors: Poloskov Artem V. , Egorov Ivan S. , Ezhov Vitaly , Remnev Gennadiy
Published: February 2016

Paper presents the results of experiments on multicapillary carbon-epoxy as a candidate material for a cathode of a pulsed electron accelerator. A high voltage pulse of 350 kV, 350 ns (FWHM) was applied to the cathode. The pulse repetition rate was 20 pps. The optical image of the cathode surface after 4×104 shots of electron beam was changed as well as electrical characteristics of the electron diode.
Treeing Morphology in Oil Shale
Authors: Bukharkin Andrey A. , Koryashov Ilia A. , Martemyanov Sergey M. , Shvagrukova E.V. , Isemberlinova Asemgul A.
Published: February 2016

Extraction of shale gas and oil has significantly benefited the US economy. However, the applied technology of hydraulic fracturing is inefficient and ecologically unsafe. Electrophysical underground pyrolytic conversion of oil shale kerogen in energy stock can solve these problems. This processing method is feasible due to treeing in rock volume. Treeing has been widely studied in insulation as a negative factor. With regard to oil shale this phenomenon is examined insufficiently despite the fact that in this application area it has its distinctive features and is crucial for the initiation of rock heating and its further conversion. This article describes the shale’s dendrite morphology which is non-typical of conventional treeing in insulation. Features of the discharge structures’ formation are associated with a change of oil shale conductivity by discharge and with a high degree of rock heterogeneity.
The Study of Properties Characterizing Aluminum Hydroxides Produced by Electric Discharge
Authors: Zhuravkov Sergey P. , Lobanova Galina L. , Kornev J.I. , Lutoshkina Olga S. , Khristunova Yekaterina P.
Published: February 2016

The paper gives the experimental data on physicochemical and sorption properties of aluminum hydroxides produced by electric spark dispersion of aluminum metal in water and electric explosion of an aluminum conductor in argon and further interaction with water. By comparing the phase composition, specific surface area, porosity, and functional dependence of the exchange capacity of products on the solution pH, we proved the influence of preparation conditions on the properties of the said products.
Electron Beam Coatings with SHS Composite Powders “TiC - Cast Iron Binder" Synthesized in Air
Authors: Korosteleva Elena N. , Pribytkov Gennadii A. , Kalambaeva Saltanat S. , Korzhova Victoria V. , Durakov Vasiliy G.
Published: February 2016

The paper presents the result of studies of composite powders produced by self-propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS) in the reaction mixtures of titanium, carbon and high chrome cast iron, and electron-beam coatings based on them. It was found that the morphology and dispersion of titanium carbide particles in the SHS-product were determined by cast iron powder content in the reaction mixtures. The effect of content of the SHS powders on the characteristics of electron-beam coatings, including abrasive wear resistance of facing coatings was shown.
Influence of Ultra-Violet Radiation on Sublimation Energy of Silver Chloride (AgCl)
Authors: Mostovshchikov Andrei V. , Ilyin Alexander P. , Barabash Nadezhda S.
Published: February 2016

Influence of silver chloride synthesis conditions on its heat of sublimation after ultra-violet irradiation was explored. It was determined that silver chloride synthesized in excess of silver ions after irradiation was characterized by heat of sublimation about 6813 J/g, which meant that the original value increased in ~ 1.8 times. At the same time silver chloride synthesized in excess of chloride ions was characterized by decrease in value of heat of sublimation by ~ 2 times. Growth of heat of sublimation of silver chloride with excess of silver ions is connected with energy expenditure on sublimation due to decrease in proportion of surface which is not covered with silver. Reduction of heat of sublimation of silver chloride with excess of chloride ions is explained by absence of silver solid surface film and catalytic effect of silver klasters formed during the process of irradiation.
Extraction of Oil Heteroatomic Compounds Using Metal Powders
Authors: Golushkova E.B. , Ilyin Alexander P. , Mostovshchikov A.V.
Published: February 2016

The paper presents results of scanning electron microscope (SEM) investigations, differential thermal and elemental analyses, and infrared (IR) spectroscopy of micron powders obtained by thermal decomposition of cupric and nickel oxalates before and after their blending with oil. The oil treatment modifies the powder compositions, heteroorganic compounds extracted from oil are observed on their surface. The analysis shows that materials based on copper and nickel micron powders can be used for the prepurification of crude hydrocarbons from heteroatomic compounds.
Investigation of the Influence of Matrix Components of Gold Mineral Resources on the Electrochemical Determination of Pt and Re
Authors: Ustinova Elvira M. , Oskina Y.A. , Pakrieva E.G.
Published: February 2016

In spite of selectivity of platinum and rhenium stripping voltammetry analysis techniques, it is very difficult to identify them in the presence of other metals. This manuscript reports on the stripping voltammetric determination of platinum and rhenium in the presence of other metals. The effect of accompanying elements on the electrochemical oxidation processes of platinum and rhenium has been described. It has been shown that it is possible voltammetric determination of platinum and rhenium after removal of interfering matrix components of mineral raw materials at the stage of sample preparation.
Dehydrogenation of Methylbutenes with Intermediate Oxidation of Hydrogen
Authors: Karimov Eduard Kh. , Karimov Oleg Kh. , Kasyanova Liliya Z. , Movsumzade Eldar M. , Dmitriev Yuri K.
Published: February 2016

In the paper we study a method of increasing the yield of dehydrogenation products of methylbutenes by virtue of intermediate removal of the hydrogen formed during the dehydrogenation and partial compensation of heat losses. In the example of dehydrogenation of methylbutenes into the isoprene, the oxidation of hydrogen on the platinum catalyst [charged inside the layer of ferric potassium catalyst] for the dehydrogenation of olefins is considered.
One-Pot Amide Synthesis via Thermal Decomposition N-Acylureas under Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Soldatova N.S. , Orlova K.V. , Sarycheva T.A.
Published: February 2016

A simple one-pot amidation of carboxylic acids promoted by microwave irradiation is described. Reaction includes formation N-acylureas via interaction carboxylic acids and N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide followed thermal decomposition N-acylureas in microwave reactor. This method allows carrying out the reaction in a short time with good yields.
Chemical Reaction Front Propagation between Inert Materials with Different Properties Taking into Account the Reagent Melting
Authors: Aligozhina Kamila A. , Knyazeva Anna G.
Published: February 2016

This work presents two-dimensional model of exothermal chemical reaction propagation at the conditions of dissimilar materials conjugation when ignition is carried out from end. The melting of the reagent is taken into account in the model. The convergence of numerical algorithm was studied. It was demonstrated that conversion regimes are different for various properties of conjugated materials.
Adaptive Algorithm of Sensor Polling for Device Used for the Dam Condition's Diagnostics
Authors: Savrasov F.V. , Pershin E.A. , Meyta R.V. , Shamin A.A.
Published: February 2016

This paper describes the purpose of device for collection and transmission of data to diagnose the condition of the dam, the structure of the application software and the features of the system. This paper also describes an adaptive algorithm of sensor polling designed for operation on dams. Advantages and disadvantages of this algorithm are presented.
Content-Based Image Retrieval Using Color, Texture and Shape Features
Authors: Ponomarev Alexey , Nalamwar Hitesh S. , Babakov Ilya , Parkhi Chandrakant S. , Buddhawar Gaurav
Published: February 2016

Nowadays CBIR is getting more and more attention from organizations and researchers due to advances in digital imaging techniques. A lot of interest is getting paid to search images from large databases, as it is not only difficult and time-consuming task but sometimes frustrating for the users. This paper proposes the CBIR system based on color, texture and shape features. The proposed method employs the use of DCT and DWT along with Hierarchical k-means algorithm for faster retrieval of images. The efficiency of the given method is demonstrated by the results in the paper.
Resource Allocation Algorithm Modeling in Queuing System Based on Quantization
Authors: Raspopov Alexander , Katsman Yu.Ya.
Published: February 2016

The work relevance is determined by the urgent need to design and study queuing systems (QS). The selection and justification of resource management laws - the standby and service disciplines are very important here. The main aim of the study is to develop a QS simulation model with non-priority cyclic service RR (round robin) discipline, to compare the performance of the system under different control algorithm resources: RR and FCFS (first come-first served). To develop a simulation model the system of dynamic and event-driven modeling Matlab + Simulink and SimEvents libraries were used. 5 parallel processes were consistently allocated in RR time quantum algorithm. To imitate FCFS algorithm the round-robin size was set equal to 1. The testing of the developed QS model confirmed a correctness of its work. By varying the flow in the short and long (performance time) processes, it was shown that an advantage of RR algorithm over FCFS is observed, if a share of long processes is not more than 20 - 30%.
Development of the Decision-Making Algorithm on the Geological and Engineering Operations Based on the Infrastructure of the Digital Oil Field
Authors: Silich V.A. , Savelev A.O.
Published: February 2016

The article discusses process of decision support in oilfield development. The algorithm of geological and engineering operations planning, based on the principal stages of the decision-making process to perform GEO, is proposed.
Uniform Model of Representation Heterogeneous Data Hydrometeorological Observations
Authors: Popov V.N. , Botygin I.A. , Koshelev N.V.
Published: February 2016

The article discusses the uniform model of representation heterogeneous data hydrometeorological observations from international codes used for transmission. Physical this model simply shows the machine representation of aggregate tables with variable-length strings. A list of keys creates for all tables and this list of keys allows to carry out a targeted search for the required data.
System for Visualizing and Analyzing Multivariate Data of Medico-Social Research
Authors: Gerget Olga M. , Marukhina Olga V. , Cherkashina Yulia A.
Published: February 2016

The paper presents a system for visualizing and analyzing multivariate data for distinguishing the major aspects of aggregating data without applying the quantitative analysis method and instant diagnosis of a pregnant woman’s health condition. The paper justifies the necessity of processing multivariate data with the use of the “NovoSpark Visualizer” specialized software suite. An illustrating example as well as the evaluation of pregnant women’s health on the basis of real data is presented.
Local High-Accuracy Plate Analysis Using Wavelet-Based Multilevel Discrete-Continual Finite Element Method
Authors: Akimov Pavel A. , Mozgaleva Marina L. , Aslami Mojtaba , Negrozov Oleg A.
Published: February 2016

The distinctive paper is devoted to application of wavelet-based discrete-continual finite element method (WDCFEM), to analysis of plates with piecewise constant physical and geometrical parameters in so-called “basic” direction. Initial continual and discrete-continual formulations of the problem are presented. Due to special algorithms of averaging using wavelet basis within multigrid approach, reduction of the problem is provided. Resultant multipoint boundary problem for system of ordinary differential equations is given.
Optimal Control Problem of Complex Heat Transfer for SP1 Approximation
Authors: Sushchenko Andrey
Published: February 2016

The optimal control problem for evolution radiative heat transfer in SP1 approximation is considered. The problem is solved by weak form technique and Lagrange method. Numerical experiments for real materials are done.
Bacteriological profile and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of clinical isolates in a tertiary care cancer center
Authors: Bhat Vivek , Gupta Sudeep , Kelkar Rohini , Biswas Sanjay , Khattry Navin , Moiyadi Aliasgar , Bhat Prashant , Ambulkar Reshma , Chavan Preeti , Chiplunkar Shubadha , Kotekar Amol , Gupta Tejpal
Published: February 2016

Introduction: This increased risk of bacterial infections in the cancer patient is further compounded by the rising trends of antibiotic resistance in commonly implicated organisms. In the Indian setting this is particularly true in case of Gram negative bacilli such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter spp. Increasing resistance among Gram positive organisms is also a matter of concern. The aim of this study was to document the common organisms isolated from bacterial infections in cancer patients and describe their antibiotic susceptibilities. Methods: We conducted a 6 month study of all isolates from blood, urine, skin/soft tissue and respiratory samples of patients received from medical and surgical oncology units in our hospital. All samples were processed as per standard microbiology laboratory operating procedures. Isolates were identified to species level and susceptibility tests were performed as per Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines -2012. Results: A total of 285 specimens from medical oncology (114) and surgical oncology services (171) were cultured. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter spp. were most commonly encountered. More than half of the Acinetobacter strains were resistant to carbapenems. Resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae to cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones and carbapenems was >50%. Of the Staphylococcus aureus isolates 41.67% were methicillin resistant. Conclusion: There is, in general, a high level of antibiotic resistance among gram negative bacilli, particularly E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter spp. Resistance among Gram positives is not as acute, although the MRSA incidence is increasing.
Complex eigenvalue analysis of railway wheel/rail squeal
Authors: Goo B.C. , Kim J.C.
Published: February 2016

Wheel/rail squeal noise of trains is one of the challenging problems of trains, but a successful model for the squeal problem has not been presented until now. In this study, a new approach was presented to investigate the basic mechanism of the wheel/rail squeal noise, using complex eigenvalue analysis by the finite element method. The positive real parts of the eigenvalues reflect self-exciting instable vibration, which is closely related to the occurrence of squeal noise. The effect of parameters such as friction coefficient, wheel/rail contact position, axle load, etc. on the instable vibration was examined. The instability of the vibration system was sensitive to the stiffness of rail support. In lateral creepage when the adhesion coefficient was less than 0.1, instable vibration modes did not occur. In longitudinal creepage, when the friction coefficient was high enough, instable vibration modes were generated. Numerical predictions could explain many of the field test results.Keywords: Wheel, Rail, Squeal, Finite element, Complex eigenvalue, Contact
Thermo-hydraulic performance enhancement of solar air heater (SAH) having multiple arcs with gap shaped roughness element on absorber plate
Authors: Pandey Navneet Kumar , Bajpai V.K.
Published: February 2016

The present paper studies the thermal performance of solar air heater which is artificially roughened by providing multiple arcs with gap shaped roughness element. As thermal efficiency of smooth collector is quite low, hence there is a need to augment heat transfer from the absorbing surface. The experimentation has been carried out for Reynolds number (Re) ranges from 2100- 21000, relative roughness height (e/D) of 0.044, relative roughness pitch (p/e) of 8, relative gap distance (d/x) range of 0.25- 0.85, relative roughness width (W/w) ranges from 1-7, relative gap width (g/e) range of 0.5-2 and arc angle (a) of 60°. The thermal efficiency is found to be best for relative gap distance (d/x), relative gap width (g/e) and relative roughness width (W/w) values are 0.65, 1.0 and 5 respectively.Keywords: Solar air heater; Nusselt number; thermal efficiency; multiple arcs with gap; roughened
Development of cooling and cleaning systems for enhanced gas quality for 3.7 kW gasifier-engine integrated system
Authors: Nataraj K.M. , Banapurmath N.R. , Manavendra G , Yaliwal V.S.
Published: February 2016

Energy from biomass based gasifier-engine integrated systems are becoming more popular for power generation applications in rural and urban driven societies. The quality of producer gas from the down draft gasifiers plays a significant role in power generation aspects. During gasification, tar is produced and its magnitude depends on the type of gasification process and biomass feedstock used which can vary from biomass to municipal solid waste (MSW) available. The pollutants generated from gasification include particulate matter, tars, and char and acid gases. A major challenge for commercializing the gasification process is to reduce tar. In order to address these tar related problems a cleaning and cooling system has been developed in house that facilitates tar removal to acceptable levels tolerated by the internal combustion (IC) engine and meets emission standards as well. The main objective of the present work is to reduce tar level and develop control strategies for improving the performance and emission of diesel engines. Results showed that the brake thermal efficiency of the dual fuel engine used was increased by 2-4% and tar was reduced from 325 mg/Nm3 in the gasifier to 60-50 mg/Nm3 entering the engine. In addition, the emission levels such as hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide were reduced comparatively with developed cooling-cleaning system provided in the conventional gasifier-engine system. The biomass consumption rate was 40kg/h. Air and gas flow rates were measured to be 18.8 m3/h and 20.12 kg/h respectively. The temperature of the gas after developed cooling and cleaning system was found to be 34 °C.Keywords: Dual fuel engine, cooling-cleaning system, Rice bran oil methyl ester, tar, performance, emissions
La conservación y restauración de la arquitectura contemporánea: paradojas y contradicciones
Authors: Hernández Martínez Ascensión
Published: February 2016

La progresiva ampliación del concepto de patrimonio a lo largo del siglo pasado, ha conducido a considerar como monumentos no sólo a las catedrales o a las construcciones más tradicionales dentro de la arquitectura histórica, sino también a los testimonios más relevantes de la arquitectura contemporánea. La identificación y puesta en valor de edificios del siglo XX ha conducido, por lógica, a su conservación y restauración en los casos necesarios. Sin embargo, la intervención en ellos ha suscitado un profundo debate, en el que incluso se ha planteado la posibilidad de que exista una manera específica de restaurar esta arquitectura.
Intervención en la Tienda Olivetti de Carlo Scarpa en Venecia
Authors: Codello Renata
Published: February 2016

La restauración, puesta en valor y musealización de la Tienda Olivetti diseñada por Carlo Scarpa en un local de la Plaza de San Marcos de Venecia es un motivo de enhorabuena. El ensayo de inserción de una arquitectura contemporánea sensible con el lugar desde un punto de vista compositivo, metafórico, material y de las técnicas constructivas empleadas, y en un enclave tan delicado como este dio como resultado esta obra maestra. Tras unos años de desidia y uso apretado del espacio para comercio turístico de baja estofa y merced a las llamadas de atención de varios organismos e instituciones italianas, la Tienda Olivetti restaurada ha abierto sus puertas de nuevo como museo de sí misma, con la exposición de las antiguas máquinas de escribir que dieron pie a su creación originaria, además de otros contenidos culturales de interés, sin sofocar el espacio disponible.
Las técnicas no destructivas en la práctica de la restauración en EE.UU.
Authors: De Miguel Berta , Pardo Redondo Gabriel
Published: February 2016

Las técnicas no destructivas de reconocimiento y evaluación son una herramienta ampliamente utilizada en la conservación de patrimonio arquitectónico en los Estados Unidos. En el presente artículo se exponen las más utilizadas clasificándolas en técnicas de reconocimiento visual y técnicas basadas en la propagación de ondas. Dependiendo del tipo de onda, estas últimas a su vez se subdividen en técnicas electromagnéticas y técnicas acústicas. En el último apartado se exponen dos facilitadores de las técnicas de reconocimiento y evaluación: los vehículos no tripulados y Tablet PC Annotation System.
La Listed Building Consent System en Inglaterra
Authors: White Nils
Published: February 2016

El articulo resume cómo y por qué se catalogan los edificios en Inglaterra. En segundo lugar describe cómo se controlan obras de reforma y demolición, usando ejemplos de Ashburton, un pequeño pueblo del condado de Devon. Más adelante, se examina el proceso de tomar decisiones, también ilustrado con ejemplos, además de las opciones para apelar contra la denegación de permiso y la aplicación de la ley.
Una concepción integradora del aprendizaje humano
Authors: González Serra Diego
Published: February 2016

En el decurso histórico de la psicología científi ca han sido desarrolladas diferentes teorías del aprendizaje que son unilaterales pues abordan aspectos parciales, los cuales son concebidos de manera absoluta en detrimento de la consideración de otros. Sirva de ejemplo la contraposición entre las teorías de estímulo-respuesta, de un lado, y las teorías cognitivas o humanistas del otro. Por ello, los que somos partidarios del conocimiento más pleno y objetivo del psiquismo, consideramos necesario trabajar en pro de una teoría dialéctica, sintética o integradora, del aprendizaje que asimile críticamente, vuelva a elaborar e integre todo lo que la psicología mundial ha aportado en esta dirección. De acuerdo con el principio de la unidad dialéctica del análisis y la síntesis, esto no niega sino afi rma la necesidad de teorías analíticas o parciales que profundicen, sin hiperbolizar ni caer en enfoques unilaterales, en la naturaleza de los distintos aspectos y momentos del aprendizaje humano y animal. Nuestra posición es dialéctica por cuanto nos esforzamos por un enfoque multilateral que enfatice el aprendizaje humano como un refl ejo de su medio socio histórico y a la vez tenga en cuenta su función creadora de aquello que se aprende. Planteamos la necesidad de desarrollar y exponer una teoría psicológica del aprendizaje como una temática central de la psicología general y de la pedagógica, de gran importancia teórica y práctica. Esta es una tarea colectiva y a largo plazo. En el presente capítulo avanzamos algunos criterios que podemos discutir, mantener, abandonar o perfeccionar.
A alfabetização e o dialogismo: encontros com a palavra na vida
Authors: Lapa de Aguiar Maria Aparecida , Bortolotto Nelita , Lemos Pelandré Nilcéa
Published: February 2016

Neste trabalho procura-se contextualizar a importância para a alfabetização da concepção dialógica da linguagem – da arquitetônica de Bakhtin –, e da perspectiva de aprendizagem de Vigotski, buscando contribuir com discussões que se põem desde a década de 1980 sobre o assunto, estendendo-se aos dias atuais. Para tal intento, são apresentadas, em linhas gerais, as orientações dos documentos oficiais no que diz respeito às concepções de linguagem e às propostas teórico-metodológicas em uma perspectiva de letramento e de interação social. Também se faz a defesa da alfabetização pela abordagem histórico-cultural e de práticas sociais de leitura e escrita constituídas na relação eu/outro. Discutem-se, ainda, algumas possibilidades metodológicas desenvolvidas com base em projetos de docência que possam edificar o  processo alfabetizador pela atividade da comunicação verbal, ou seja, pela palavra real como enunciado concreto. Por fim, defende-se a consolidação de uma metodologia da alfabetização que propicie o desenvolvimento de práticas sociais no decorrer do processo de apropriação do sistema de escrita, ao mesmo tempo em que conduza à valoração do sujeito com responsabilidade sobre o pensar, falar e atuar. Preconiza-se assim o reforço de políticas públicas de formação em serviço de professores, fomentando atitudes responsivas perante os sujeitos-alunos, constituindo-os leitores e escritores competentes.
Apresentação
Authors: De Moura Chagas Lilane Maria , Lima dos Santos Bazzo Jilvania
Published: February 2016

Apresentação
A pedagogia histórico-crítica e a defesa da transmissão do saber elaborado: apontamentos acerca do método pedagógico
Authors: Lavoura Tiago Nicola , Marsiglia Ana Carolina Galvão
Published: February 2016

Este artigo possui como objetivo realizar uma discussão acerca do método pedagógico da pedagogia histórico-crítica, notadamente elucidando as bases de sua fundamentação referenciadas no Método da Economia Política elaborado por Marx na famosa Introdução de 1857. Desta feita, explicita-se o movimento do conhecimento como a passagem do empírico ao concreto pela mediação do abstrato, evidenciando o caráter mediador da educação na prática social, tomando esta como ponto de partida e ponto de chegada do trabalho educativo, tendo-se como momentos intermediários do método pedagógico a problematização desta prática social, a instrumentalização por meio da transmissão dos conhecimentos nas suas formas mais elaboradas e a catarse enquanto síntese de desenvolvimento do aluno e, consequentemente, a possibilidade de alteração da prática social humano-genérica. Assim, busca-se evidenciar a lógica dialética desta proposta pedagógica que defende a atividade de ensino na educação escolar como aquela responsável pela reprodução ideal do movimento real dos conteúdos escolares, permitindo o alcance da riqueza categorial dos objetos de ensino enquanto síntese de múltiplas determinações e relações numerosas. Nesse sentido, compreender o método pedagógico dessa teoria em consonância com os fundamentos do materialismo histórico-dialético é essencial para sua realização bem sucedida e coerente com sua proposição.
Primazia do real na construção do conhecimento científico e primazia da teorização na construção de pesquisas científicas: contribuições metodológicas a partir de Miriam Limoeiro Cardoso
Authors: Borba Siomara Moreira Vieira , Das Neves Rosa Maria Corrêa
Published: February 2016

Neste artigo, reivindica-se a possibilidade de desenvolvimento de pesquisas educacionais tendo por referência a contribuição metodológica de Miriam Limoeiro Cardoso, posição que envolve dois movimentos desta pesquisa. Inicialmente, são expostas as teses da distinção entre realidade e objeto científico e da teorização como processo inicial da construção do objeto de investigação, que sintetizam o exame que autora empreende a partir dos apontamentos metodológicos de Karl Marx em seu processo de elaboração de uma teoria geral do capitalismo. A possibilidade da fecundidade de suas contribuições resulta da constatação de problemas na relação entre teoria e empiria que é identificada através da sumarização de análises da pesquisa educacional brasileira até início deste século, possivelmente ainda atual.
Comerciantes de sentidos: um olhar para a formação visual dos educandos
Authors: Berticelli Ireno Antônio , Dos Santos Claudia Aparecida , Smaniotto Valdecir
Published: February 2016

Este artigo se propõe investigar as possibilidades que a cultura visual oferece na constituição das identidades, na contemporaneidade. Estuda o fenômeno imagético quanto a seu potencial dialógico familiar aos jovens, sobretudo como uma nova e adequada forma de acesso ao conhecimento e, por consequência, à educação formal e não formal em que se entende a cultura da imagem como campo que abre novas possibilidades pedagógico-educativas. Este estudo objetiva, ainda, contribuir para que os educandos possam assumir papel ativo no contexto do complexo mundo da imagem que diuturnamente envolve os sujeitos em suas práticas sociais. Seguimos a perspectiva teorética da cultura visual de conformidade com alguns dos mais destacados autores da área. Conclui-se que uma educação contemporânea em todos os níveis e formas requer formação para a compreensão/leitura adequada das imagens sob as suas mais variadas formas pelas quais são produzidas e veiculadas, tal é sua força simbólica que contribui na formação dos sujeitos.
A literatura infantil na alfabetização: a formação da criança leitora
Authors: De Moura Chagas Lilane Maria , Domingues Chirley
Published: February 2016

O presente texto aborda algumas formas de se pensar a literatura infantil no ciclo de alfabetização do Ensino Fundamental. Tem-se, ainda, a pretensão de apresentar algumas possíveis formas de aproximação da literatura nesse nível de ensino. Acredita-se que, ao integrar ativamente a literatura infantil no processo da alfabetização (conhecimentos da oralidade e da escrita, das diversas formas verbais e não verbais de se compreender e descobrir o mundo) e na aquisição e ampliação da linguagem, estaremos contribuindo para a formação literária das crianças. Assim, em um primeiro momento, e sem esgotar o tema, desenvolvem-se algumas questões teóricas em relação à literatura Infantil, à leitura e à criança. No segundo momento, são tecida algumas reflexões sobre as práticas de leitura que as crianças do ciclo de alfabetização estão vivenciando a partir do contato com o Acervo Complementar do Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD) e do Programa Nacional de Bibliotecas Escolares (PNBE) incluídos no material distribuído pelo Programa Nacional de Alfabetização na Idade Certa (PNAIC) no Brasil. Ressalta-se uma antiga e permanente preocupação quando se trata da relação literatura e educação no que diz respeito a como tem sido trabalhada a literatura produzida para as crianças. Dessa forma, que implicações têm a literatura inserida nos programas de formação de professor? Finaliza-se o texto dando destaque para os programas de incentivo à leitura como uma contribuição significativa para a formação da criança leitora.
Learning in Australian local government: A roadmap for improving education & training
Authors: Woods Ronald , Artist Sarah , O’Connor Geraldine
Published: February 2016

Faced with a context of national and state reform agendas as well as resource scarcity, Australian local government has pressing workforce development issues. This level of government is small in scale, geographically dispersed and subject to variations in state jurisdiction. These factors represent structural constraints to identifying and advocating a national approach for addressing workforce needs such as the provision of tailored education and professional development. This paper documents a sector consultation process exploring education and professional development for local government which aimed to identify needs on both supply and demand sides. The research found that aspirations for education and professional development tailored to the needs of local government aim to support the development of better local governance and leadership, and to address critical skills shortage issues. This may provide empirical grounds for promoting, planning, implementing and evaluating capacity-building initiatives in this third tier of government in the Australian federation.
Mobilising internally generated funds to finance development projects in Ghana’s Northern Region
Authors: Puopiel Felix , Chimsi Musah
Published: February 2016

This paper assesses the effectiveness of Metropolitan, Municipal and District Assemblies (MMDAs) in Ghana’s Northern Region in mobilising internally generated funds (IGF) to finance development projects. The study gathered both primary and secondary data from three MMDAs: Tamale Metropolitan Assembly, Yendi Municipal Assembly and Saboba District Assembly. It employed a multi-stage sampling technique of questionnaires, interviews, focus groups and key informant interviews to collect data from respondents and obtain a snapshot of their situation in the 2013 fiscal year. It established that fines, property rates, licences, annual rates, investment income, permits, sales of tender documents, and business taxes were potential sources of revenue for the assemblies. Also, the study identified a range of strategies employed by assemblies to raise revenue: engagement of revenue collectors, use of a mobile revenue taskforce, registration of businesses, visits to markets and business centres, commission payments for revenue collectors, security checkpoints, incentivisation of revenue collectors, establishment of revenue collection points, and rotation of revenue collectors. Nevertheless, the study found that the MMDAs studied could not meet their IGF revenue targets for the 2013 fiscal year, with all three falling below 50%. This poor performance was attributed to: inadequate logistics to support effective IGF mobilisation; under-declaring of revenues; not enough revenue collectors; poor supervision and monitoring; poor compliance by ratepayers; corruption; political interference; inadequate knowledge and skills among revenue collectors; poor service delivery by the assemblies; ineffective collaboration; and lack of revenue data.
Perspectives on Australian Local Government Reform edited by Brian Dollery and Ian Tiley
Authors: Grant Bligh
Published: February 2016

Academic books emerge in a variety of ways. Some are the result of pure serendipity. For instance, in February 2011 Brian Dollery and I were completing a report that delved into the conceptual and theoretical foundations of shared services. Brian had also co-authored several case studies of shared services in Australian local government over the years, some of which I had contributed to.
Modelling above-ground carbon dynamics using multi-temporal airborne lidar: insights from a Mediterranean woodland
Authors: Simonson W. , Ruiz-Benito P. , Valladares F. , Coomes D.
Published: February 2016

Abstract. Woodlands represent highly significant carbon sinks globally, though could lose this function under future climatic change. Effective large-scale monitoring of these woodlands has a critical role to play in mitigating for, and adapting to, climate change. Mediterranean woodlands have low carbon densities, but represent important global carbon stocks due to their extensiveness and are particularly vulnerable because the region is predicted to become much hotter and drier over the coming century. Airborne lidar is already recognized as an excellent approach for high-fidelity carbon mapping, but few studies have used multi-temporal lidar surveys to measure carbon fluxes in forests and none have worked with Mediterranean woodlands. We use a multi-temporal (5-year interval) airborne lidar data set for a region of central Spain to estimate above-ground biomass (AGB) and carbon dynamics in typical mixed broadleaved and/or coniferous Mediterranean woodlands. Field calibration of the lidar data enabled the generation of grid-based maps of AGB for 2006 and 2011, and the resulting AGB change was estimated. There was a close agreement between the lidar-based AGB growth estimate (1.22 Mg ha−1 yr−1) and those derived from two independent sources: the Spanish National Forest Inventory, and a tree-ring based analysis (1.19 and 1.13 Mg ha−1 yr−1, respectively). We parameterised a simple simulator of forest dynamics using the lidar carbon flux measurements, and used it to explore four scenarios of fire occurrence. Under undisturbed conditions (no fire) an accelerating accumulation of biomass and carbon is evident over the next 100 years with an average carbon sequestration rate of 1.95 Mg C ha−1 yr−1. This rate reduces by almost a third when fire probability is increased to 0.01 (fire return rate of 100 years), as has been predicted under climate change. Our work shows the power of multi-temporal lidar surveying to map woodland carbon fluxes and provide parameters for carbon dynamics models. Space deployment of lidar instruments in the near future could open the way for rolling out wide-scale forest carbon stock monitoring to inform management and governance responses to future environmental change.
Dewey, Hegel, and Causation
Authors: Good Jim , Garrison Jim
Published: February 2016

[Cause and effect], if they are distinct, are also identical. Even in ordinary consciousness that identity may be found. We say that a cause is a cause, only when it has an effect, and vice versa. Both cause and effect are thus one and the same content: and the distinction between them is primarily only that the one lays down, and the other is laid down.The Logic of Hegel, Translated from ““The Encyclopaedia of the Philosophical Sciences,”” 3rd ed., trans. William Wallace (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1975), §153; hereafter cited as ““Lesser Logic”” parenthetically in the text by section number. Similarly, in the Science of Logic Hegel writes: ““Cause is cause only in so far as it produces an effect, and cause is nothing but this determination, to have an effect, and effect is nothing but this, to have a cause. Cause as such implies its effect, and effect implies cause; in so far as cause has not yet acted, or if it has ceased to act, then it is not cause, and effect in so far as its cause has vanished, is no longer effect but in indifferent actuality”” (Hegel’s Science of Logic, trans. A. V. Miller [Atlantic Heights, N.J.: Humanities Press, 1989], 559). See also Hegel’s discussion of rain and wetness, color and pigment, and act and motion in ibid., 560–61.
AN INDISSOLUBLE UNION:
Authors: Finger Simon
Published: February 2016

abstract

There is an indissoluble union between moral, political, and physical happiness; and if it be true, that elective and representative governments are most favourable to individual, as well as national prosperity, it follows of course, that they are the most favourable to animal life.

—Benjamin Rush, “An Inquiry into the Cause of Animal Life”
“Cinematic” Music: Analogies, Fallacies, and the Case of Debussy
Authors: Paulin Scott D.
Published: February 2016

As one among many analogies commonly used to describe music as “ cinematic,” a supposed affinity is often identified between musical discontinuity and film-editing or montage techniques. The modernist assumptions behind these claims (abetted by translation errors) have led to distorted interpretations of Claude Debussy and his music vis-à-vis cinema.

The movies have learned a great deal from music, and now music can learn a few things from the movies.

—Charlie Chaplin
Plundering Cultural Archives and Transcending Diegetics: Mahler’s Music as “Overscore”
Authors: Barham Jeremy
Published: February 2016

The structural, aesthetic, historical, and cultural implications of the use of Gustav Mahler‘s music in scoring the moving image are examined. Recurrent topics of death, homosexuality, and war, as well as challenges to rigid diegetic distinctions are identified against the backcloth of a comprehensive survey of the screen appropriation of Mahler‘s music.
Music, the Musical, and Postmodernism in Baz Luhrmann’s Moulin Rouge
Authors: van der Merwe Ann
Published: February 2016

This essay examines Baz Luhrmann’s approach to preexisting music in Moulin Rouge within the broader contexts of the Hollywood musical and postmodernism. Six musical quotations are analyzed in detail, demonstrating specific techniques Luhrmann uses and how they contribute to the work as a whole.
Brother Against Brother: Conflict in the Polish National Alliance, 1900-1940
Authors: Pienkos Donald E.
Published: February 2016

The pre-World War II political conflicts that characterized the life of the Polish National Alliance (PNA) fraternal society, the largest organization in the Polish immigrant and ethnic community in the United States, are largely forgotten today. But this prolonged and ideologically charged fight between two nearly evenly matched factions within the Alliance not only involved a battle for the soul of the PNA. To a large degree it affected the entire Polish ethnic community in America. A key issue was the proper relationship between the emigration and the newly independent Poland, a state whose rebirth in 1918 had for decades been a high priority in Polonia. The story of this conflict is instructive in at least two ways. First, it shows the continuing power of ethnic feeling within the Polish American community during the entire period, particularly in the interwar period, something that continued during World War II and for decades after. Second, it offers a cautionary lesson about the adverse consequences that a too intense relationship between an ethnic diaspora and its members’ ancestral homeland can have in directing the community’s focus away from its other concerns.
The Effectiveness of Using Linguistic Classroom Activities in Teaching English Language in Developing the Skills of Oral Linguistic Performance and Decision Making Skill among Third Grade Intermediate Students in Makah
Authors: Alshareef Fahd Majed
Published: February 2016

The study aimed to reveal the effectiveness of the use of certain classroom language activities in teaching English language in the development of oral linguistic performance and decision-making among intermediate third-grade students in Makah, and it revealed a statistically significant correlation relationship between the averages of the study sample scores, in the post application for linguistic performance test, and measure of decision-making; and to achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher used two methods: descriptive approach and quasi-experimental design, per experimental group.

Ibn al-Qayam intermediate school was chosen randomly, and then the intermediate third  grade was chosen deliberately, in the three grades altogether there were 90 students, in each class 30 students; and 3/3 experimental groups, of  30 students each were drawn, and represented the study material in linguistic classroom activities in the English language. Two tools were used: oral linguistic performance test in the English language, and the measure of decision-making; where they were applied on the study sample; after checking their validity and reliability, in the second semester in 2013, and after the end of the training period on linguistic classroom activities in English language classes, they were re-applied to determine the level of the students in each of: oral linguistic performance and the skill of decision-making.

The study yielded many results of which the most important were: the presence of statistically significant differences between the average score of the sample study in the two applications, pre and post for linguistic performance estimate card and the measure of decision-making; in each axis separately, and in the linguistic performance overall in the English language; and the skill of decision making; in favor of the post application, and the presence of statistically significant correlation relationship between the average scores of the sample study in the post-application linguistic performance estimate card; and the measure of decision-making. Based on the findings of the study results, there are a number of recommendations including: the need to give linguistic classroom activity programs their educational value and status in teaching English in general education, hold regular sessions for teachers and supervisors; to train them to employ linguistic classroom activities to learn English, and the integration of thinking in teaching English language; in order to provide them with modern educational trends in the field of active learning and development of thinking skills.
La evolución del pensamiento de Meillassoux sobre el parentesco: de la filiación a la salvaguarda
Authors: González Echevarría Aurora
Published: February 2016

En este artículo se analizan los modelos de parentesco que Meillassoux construye en 1975 y en 2001. Se señalan las características teóricas, metodológicas y políticas que comparten: una orientación evolucionista, un interés que se centra no tanto en la adecuación etnográfica de los modelos como en su capacidad de combinarse entre sí y un interés político en el primer caso en la explotación capitalista de la comunidad doméstica y en el segundo en la evolución de las sociedades de pillaje a las sociedades aristocráticas. Pero también lo que los diferencian. El ámbito geohistórico, que en 1975 incluye las sociedades de cazadores y recolectores, las sociedades agrícolas ginecoestáticas y las sociedades agrícolas ginecomóviles y en 2001 a las sociedades de cazadores y recolectores, las sociedades adélficas ( ginecoestáticas y ginecomóviles) y las sociedades aristocráticas. Y sobre todo la forma de entender el parentesco, en 1975 como filiación –lo que le llevó a sostener que en las hordas de cazadores y recolectores las relaciones eran de adhesión, no de parentesco– y en 2001 como el mantenimiento cotidiano de la vida y su reproducción, por lo que apunta a las relaciones sociales más íntimas y más duraderas.
ANÁLISE DOS DELITOS CONTRA A SAÚDE PÚBLICA NO CONTEXTO DA LEGISLAÇÃO E JURISPRUDÊNCIA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Soares Jardel De Freitas
Published: February 2016

O trabalho acadêmico proposto possui como objetivo principal discorrer criticamente sobre a aplicabilidade jurisdicional dos crimes contra a saúde pública no contexto jurídico brasileiro. A justificativa do estudo dos delitos danosos à saúde coletiva advém da necessidade urgente de uma revisão em sua sistemática criminológica, pois além da ausência de um estudo prévio interdisciplinar na feitura das normas penais que tratam do tema, tem-se ainda ampliado as hipóteses de incriminação e a severidade das penas de forma extremamente desproporcional, e consequentemente, os Tribunais passaram divergir entre si sobre os vários elementos e circunstâncias que compõem as figuras típicas delitivas. A metodologia utilizada consiste no método investigativo e descritivo, no qual se utiliza de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e principalmente das jurisprudências dos Tribunais Superiores pátrios. Assim, constata-se que apesar da temática possuir pouca atenção da doutrina nacional vem ao longo dos anos sendo bastante abordado pelo Poder Judiciário, contudo, com um caráter extremamente polêmico.

 