bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Image of the Absent
Authors: Ben Ner Ayellet
Published: April 2016

Image on the Absent, which might be described as a fictional life writing, seeks after the right assemblage of visual qualities that can depict a persona. This project exists in its Hebrew version in the Tel Aviv Museum of Art library and was exhibited in Sifria Balayla (Night Library) (Jerusalem 2014) and in the Artport artists book fair (Tel Aviv 2014). The project is inspired by notorious Adolf Eichmann, here a protagonist exploring his own image through self-revelatory confessions. These confessions are received and reproduced by a female sex worker. The English translation of the project was made by Ella Levenbach. Thanks are due to Yad Vashem, World Center for Holocaust Research, for permission to reproduce many of the images used in this piece.
Evaluation of Antibacterial and Anti Fungal Activity of Hexane and Methanol Extracts of Psoralea Corylifolea Seed.
Authors: K Sharath , G Krishna Mohan , M Sandhya Rani , V Kowmudi , N Suresh , Sai Rama Rao Chintanippula
Published: April 2016

Objective: To evaluate antibacterial and antifungal activity of hexane and methanol extracts of Psoralea Corylifolea Seed. Method: Psoralea Corylifolia seeds were extracted by using different solvents hexane and methanol and the test extracts were assayed for antibacterial and antifungal activity. The antibacterial activity was tested against Staphylococcus aureus and antifungal activity was tested against Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger by agar well diffusion method and measuring the zone of Inhibition. Results: The hexane and methanol extracts of Psoralea corylifolia seed was very effective against Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. The results showed unique characters of the plant in inhibiting bacterial and fungal growth. Conclusion: In the present study antibacterial and anti fungal activity of hexane and methanol extracts of psoralea corylifolea seed was confirmed.
Development and In-Vitro Evaluation of Cefpodoxime Proxetil Gastro-Retentive Floating Tablets
Authors: Sai Rama Rao Chintanippula , K Sharath , V Kowmudi , N Suresh
Published: April 2016

The present study was undertaken with the aim to develop and evaluate Gastro retentive floating tablets of Cefpodoxime proxetil to get drug release up to 12hrs. These tablets were prepared by direct compression method using various bioadhesive polymers like HPMC K4M, HPMC K100M.The formulated gastro retentive floating tablets were evaluated for different parameters such as drug excipient compatability studies, weight variation, thickness, hardness, content uniformity, Invitro Buoyancy studies, In vitro drug release studies performed in 0.1N HCl for 12hrs and the data was subjected to zero order, first order, Higuchi release kinetics and kars mayer peppas graph. All pre and post compression parameters were found to be within limits. From the drug release data among formulations, F8 formulation was found to be optimized when compared with standard/marketed.
Adsorptive removal of PPCPs by biomorphic HAP templated from cotton
Authors: Huang Bin , Xiong Dan , Zhao Tingting , He Huan , Pan Xuejun
Published: April 2016

Biomorphic nano-hydroxyapatite (HAP) was fabricated by a co-precipitation method using cotton as bio-templates and employed in adsorptive removal of ofloxacin (OFL) and triclosan (TCS) that are two representative pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs). The surface area and porosity, crystal phase, functional group, morphology and micro-structure of the synthesized HAP were characterized by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller isotherm, X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron macroscopic and transmission electron microscopy. The effects of initial pH, ionic strength, initial concentration, contact time and temperature on the removal of PPCPs were studied in a batch experiment. The adsorption of OFL and TCS was rapid and almost accomplished within 50 min. Kinetic studies indicated that the adsorption process of OFL and TCS followed the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models, respectively. The Freundlich isotherm described the OFL adsorption process well but the adsorption of TCS fitted the Langmuir isotherm better. Thermodynamics and isotherm parameters suggested that both OFL and TCS adsorption were feasible and spontaneous. Hydrogen bond and Lewis acid–base reaction may be the dominating adsorption mechanism of OFL and TCS, respectively. Compared to other adsorbents, biomorphic HAP is environmentally friendly and has the advantages of high adsorption capacity, exhibiting potential application for PPCPs removal.
Neuroprotective and Cytotoxic Phthalides from Angelicae Sinensis Radix
Authors: Gong Wenxia , Zhou Yuzhi , Li Xiao , Gao Xiaoxia , Tian Junsheng , Qin Xuemei , Du Guanhua
Published: April 2016

Seven phthalides, including a new dimeric one named tokinolide C (7), were isolated from Angelicae Sinensis Radix and characterized. The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic data and comparison with literature data. All of the compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against the A549, HCT-8, and HepG2 cancer cell lines. Riligustilide (4) showed cytotoxicity against three cancer cell lines, with IC50 values of 13.82, 6.79, and 7.92 μM, respectively. Tokinolide A (6) and tokinolide C (6) exerted low cytotoxicity in these cancer cell lines, while the remaining compounds were inactive. Flow cytometry analysis was employed to evaluate the possible mechanism of cytotoxic action of riligustilide (4). We observed that compound 4 was able to arrest the cell cycle in the G1, S phases and induce apoptosis in a time-dependent manner in HCT-8 cell lines. In addition, these compounds were evaluated for neuroprotective effect against SH-SY5Y cells injured by glutamate. The result showed that ligustilide (1), Z-butylidenephthalide (3) and tokinolide A (6) exhibited significant neuroprotective effects.
STRUCTURAL STUDIES OF EIGHT BRIGHT RIMMED CLOUDS IN THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE
Authors: Sharma Saurabh , Pandey A. K. , Borissova J. , Ojha D. K. , Ivanov V. D. , Ogura K. , Kobayashi N. , Kurtev R. , Gopinathan M. , Yadav Ram Kesh
Published: April 2016

We carried out deep- and wide-field near- and mid-infrared observations for a sample of eight bright-rimmed clouds (BRCs). Supplemented with the Spitzer archival data, we have identified and classified 44 to 433 young stellar objects (YSOs) associated with these BRCs. The Class I sources are generally located toward the places with higher extinction and are relatively closer to each other than the Class II sources, confirming that the young protostars are usually found in regions with denser molecular material. On the other hand the comparatively older population, Class II objects, are more randomly found throughout the regions, which can be due to their dynamical evolution. Using the minimal sampling tree analyses, we have extracted 13 stellar cores of eight or more members, which contain 60% of the total YSOs. The typical core is ∼0.6 pc in radii and somewhat elongated (aspect ratio of 1.45), of relatively low stellar density (surface density 60 pc−2), consisting of a small (35) number of YSOs of relatively young sources (66% Class I), and partially embedded (median A

K
 = 1.1 mag). But the cores show a wide range in their mass distribution (∼20 to 2400 M
⊙), with a median value of around 130 M
⊙. We found the star-formation efficiencies in the cores to be between 3% and 30% with an average of ∼14%, which agrees with the efficiencies needed to link the core mass function to the initial mass function. We also found a linear relation between the density of the clouds and the number of YSOs. The peaked nearest neighbor spacing distributions of the YSOs and the ratio of Jeans lengths to the YSO separations indicates a significant degree of non-thermally driven fragmentation in these BRCs.
De l’influence des conditions pratiques de la négociation collective : le cas d’une entreprise de la restauration de collectivités
Authors: Franke Jörg
Published: April 2016

Dans cet article, nous mettons en lumière l’influence de l’organisation matérielle et logistique des réunions de la négociation collective en entreprise sur les rapports de pouvoir entre employeurs et délégués syndicaux. Ce travail de recherche a été réalisé sous forme de monographie d’une grande entreprise française de la restauration de collectivités et démontre le poids des rapports sociaux qui pèse sur les syndicalistes en entreprise. Ce poids se trouve accentué par les « conditions de travail » difficiles des négociateurs syndicaux. L’organisation imposée par les employeurs participe à un éloignement des militants syndicaux de leur base et favorise une relative autonomisation du syndicalisme dans l’entreprise. La position de l’auteur comme syndicaliste a permis une analyse fine « de l’intérieur de la machine ».
Taux d’actualisation et rémunération du capital
Authors: Gollier Christian
Published: April 2016

La littérature récente offre plusieurs arguments en faveur d’une meilleure prise en compte du très long terme dans l’évaluation des investissements. Ceci justifie l’utilisation d’un taux réduit pour actualiser les coûts et bénéfices à long terme des investissements publics. Néanmoins, dans une économie décentralisée où ces investissements sont réalisés par des opérateurs dont le coût du capital est déterminé par les marchés financiers, ces arguments ne s’appliquent pas à la détermination de la rémunération du capital de cet opérateur.
Quels soutiens aux énergies renouvelables électriques ?
Authors: Quirion Philippe
Published: April 2016

Si la plupart des pays développés et émergents soutiennent les énergies renouvelables dans le secteur électrique, ils le font de manière différente. Les trois principaux modes de soutien existants sont les tarifs d’achat garantis, les primes et les quotas combinés à des certificats verts. Nous analysons comment la littérature économique évalue ces modes de soutien. La littérature prise en compte couvre les travaux académiques mais aussi la presse spécialisée et les rapports d’organisations internationales. Nous concluons que les quotas souffrent de nombreuses faiblesses par rapport aux deux autres modes de soutien : mauvaise réaction à l’incertitude, risque important pour les financeurs qui accroît le coût des projets, coûts de transaction plus élevés. Tarifs et primes présentent chacun des avantages et inconvénients, et il n’est pas évident que le passage des premiers aux seconds, en cours en Allemagne et en France, soit justifié. Enfin, au-delà du choix de principe quant au mode de soutien, de nombreux arbitrages concrets sont tout aussi importants, comme le financement de ce soutien et sa différenciation entre segments de marché, nécessaire pour limiter les rentes mais potentiellement source d’inefficacités.
La couverture santé universelle dans les pays à revenus faibles et intermédiaires : analyses économiques
Authors: Paul Élisabeth , Bodson Oriane , Ridde Valery , Fecher Fabienne
Published: April 2016

Les pays à revenus faibles et intermédiaires sont confrontés à des besoins de financement élevés pour assurer une couverture santé universelle (CSU) permettant à chacun d’avoir accès à des services de santé de qualité sans encourir de difficultés financières. Cet article tente de montrer comment l’analyse économique peut être mobilisée pour identifier des stratégies utiles pour tendre vers la CSU. Trois axes complémentaires où l’analyse économique a une plus-value sont présentés : i) la mobilisation des ressources et l’équité verticale ; ii) l’amélioration de l’efficacité dans l’allocation des ressources et l’équité horizontale ; iii) la gestion opérationnelle des ressources, en particulier à travers le financement basé sur les résultats (efficience). Pour chacun, nous présentons un bref état des lieux des connaissances et évoquons quelques perspectives de recherche. Classifications JEL : I1, O23, A12, A13, D610, D630, H2
Gestion du crédit client des sociétés en difficulté financière et coûts indirects de faillite :
Authors: du Jardin Philippe , Séverin Éric , Luu Philippe
Published: April 2016

Ce papier étudie la politique du crédit client des TPE (très petites entreprises) en difficulté. Cette politique obéit à un compromis entre la volonté des firmes de gagner des parts de marché et de faire rentrer des liquidités. Nous mettons en évidence que les entreprises ayant des problèmes de profitabilité ont tendance à accroître leur crédit client alors que les entreprises faisant face à des situations de « stress » financier cherchent à réduite leurs délais clients. Nous mettons également en évidence que la baisse du crédit client pour les entreprises en difficulté impacte négativement les performances.
Effects of Associate Degree Nursing Students' Characteristics on Perceptions and Experiences of Mentoring
Authors: Peltz Caroline M. , Raymond Delbert M.
Published: April 2016

Background:

Mentoring has been identified as a key education program support structure to facilitate student success.

Method:

A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate how associate degree nursing program students experience mentoring and persistence. Mentoring perceptions were evaluated using the College Student Mentoring Scale. Associate degree nursing students throughout the state of Michigan were recruited for an online survey.

Results:

Sample characteristics (
N
= 283) resembled those compiled by the National League for Nursing. The study found that men met with a mentor more frequently and perceived greater psychological, emotional, and academic support than women. Part-time students and students who had never failed a nursing course also reported they met more frequently with a mentor than full-time students and those who had failed a nursing course.

Conclusion:

The findings contribute to an evidence base to support the further development and evaluation of mentoring programs for nursing students. [
J Nurs Educ.
2016;55(5):258–265.]
Building Genetic Competence Through Partnerships and Interactive Models
Authors: Read Catherine Y. , Ricciardi Catherine E. , Gruhl Amanda , Williams Lucinda , Vandiver Kathleen M.
Published: April 2016

Background:

Nurses are increasingly using genetic-directed therapies in routine care, but evidence indicates that nurse educators lack knowledge about basic genetic concepts and related clinical implications. Educators are the key to preparing future nurses for effective practice in the genomic era, and creative approaches are needed for faculty development.

Method:

Nurse educators in academic and clinical settings partnered with science educators who use sophisticated DNA, RNA, and protein models to explore ways to teach abstract genetic concepts.

Results:

Hands-on learning enabled the workshop participants to understand how transcription of gene mutations leads to the translation of defective proteins responsible for specific diseases. Participants found using the models helped clarified complex concepts that occur at the cellular level.

Conclusion:

Partnerships with science educators can address gaps in nurse educators' knowledge about genetics and introduce creative teaching strategies. [
J Nurs Educ.
2016;55(5):300–303.]
The Problems in Delignification of Dry Wood by Kraft Process
Authors: Geffert Anton , Geffertova Jarmila , Seman Blazej
Published: April 2016

The objective of this study was to assess the causes of the problems arising in the CBC kraft cooking of several types of hardwood chips particularly in view of high dry matter but also in view of chip thickness and character of wood.High dry matter of processed chips influences negatively delignification. Similar effect on delignification is achieved by wood character (anatomic and morphological properties of cell elements, chemical composition, portion of heart and sapwood).Chips thickness has the most significant impact on delignification process comparing to other monitored characteristics. The increase of chips thickness by 1-2 mm has significant negative impact on monitored characteristics of kraft cooking – yield, Kappa number and amount of rejects.Displacement CBC kraft procedure is more sensitive on the deviation from standard conditions than conventional kraft cooking.The problems occurring during kraft cooking of different wood chips mixtures with high dry matter by CBC procedure are possible to resolve by technological and organizational precautions – separate chipping and storage of chips of heart and non-heart woods, preparation of thinner chips of heart wood, chips pre-vaporing before kraft cooking.
Mutual Absorption of Water and Essential Oils Vapours by Lignocellulosic Material - Verification of Measured Data
Authors: Cesek Bretislav , Milichovský Miloslav , Gojný Jan
Published: April 2016

Competitive absorption process, i.e. condensation, of water and essential oils (EO) are predominantly controlled by extent of condensation of diffusing water and EO molecules with marginal influence of porous lignocellulosic matter and a sort of EO. With increase of absorption the diffusion is depressed and vice versa. Diffusion of water molecules through porous system is usually slower in comparison with other molecules. It was discovered, a presence of EO decreases paper web humidity with increasing influence in environment with high relative air humidity. Evaluation of measured values using mathematical growth models, offers an infinite number of solutions for the ratio of water vapour and EO vapour absorption capacities, which in total gives the overall measured absorption capacity. It is necessary to find the right solution. One possibility is e.g. the measurement of water content in the sample after the experiment, or using the methodology described in this paper.
Internal Model Control of Autothermal Reformer: Effect of Change in Reactant Amount
Authors: Srisiriwat Nawadee , Wutthithanyawat Chananchai
Published: April 2016

As the hydrogen-rich gas produced by autothermal reforming from ethanol is utilized for the power generation via fuel cell, the change in amount of ethanol and water fed into the autothermal reformer has significant effects on the control of electricity generation and autothermal reaction temperature. The change of water and ethanol amounts affecting on the autothermal reformer temperature control system was studied in this work. An internal model control (IMC) method was designed to control the adiabatic reaction temperature of autothermal reformer by manipulating the input air flow rate. Theoretical analysis demonstrated that IMC method can realize desired performance to control the autothermal reaction temperature when the feed amounts were changed. The results of autothemal reformer control system with and without the feed temperature controller of the preheater unit were compared to offer the suitable control system.
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Integrated with Supercritical Water Fueled by Methanol
Authors: Srisiriwat Anuchart , Srisiriwat Nawadee
Published: April 2016

A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is known as an interesting energy conversion device because of its fuel flexibility and high efficiency. The hydrogen-rich stream is used as fuel carrier converting to generate electrical energy. A non-stoichiometric thermodynamic model based on minimum free energy was performed to predict the amount of hydrogen production via the methanol reforming under supercritical water (SCW) condition. The effects of SCW reaction temperature and water-to-methanol molar ratio on the SOFC power generation integrated with SCW reforming from methanol were investigated. The hydrogen yield, the required heat duty for a feed preheater and a SCW reactor and the SOFC power generation increase with increasing the SCW reaction temperature and the amount of water fed in SCW reactor. Under operating parameters of SCW reformer based on 1 mole/sec of methanol fed at the high temperature of 1273 K and water-to-methanol molar ratio of 5, the SOFC electrical power of 246 kW was produced with the maximum fuel utilization of 0.7.
Development of Diffusion Welding Process for High Temperature Materials
Authors: Lee Ho Sung , Min Kyung Ju
Published: April 2016

Aerospace vehicle requires structures to withstand intense aerodynamic heating and propulsion system to provide very high effective heat exchange. In order to satisfy both requirements of effective thermal exchange and mechanical properties, high temperature materials, or sometimes dissimilar metals with different properties must be joined together. In this study, it is demonstrated that diffusion welding process can be applied to manufacturing lightweight integral structures of aerospace structural parts with titanium and stainless steel. The results show that the technology to design and develop the diffusion welding process of high temperature metals can be applied for manufacturing of aerospace components for high temperature application.
The Aligned Carbon Microcoils Having the Straight Type Overall Geometry
Authors: Kang Gi Hwan , Kim Sung Hoon
Published: April 2016

The aligned carbon microcoils having the straight type overall geometry could be obtained using C2H2/H2 as source gases and SF6 as an incorporated additive gas under the thermal chemical vapor deposition system. Their morphologies and crystal structures were investigated and compared with the randomly grown carbon microcoils having the coil or twist type overall geometry. We could observe the enhancement of the (002) peak in XRD spectra of the aligned carbon microcoils indicating the existence of the more regular structure in the aligned carbon microcoils. The aligned carbon microcoils were formed as a bundle shape, while the randomly grown carbon microcoils were appeared as an individual shape. The systematic growth mode for the developing aspect of the aligned carbon microcoils was proposed.
Failure Site and ARI Score of Rebonded Brackets Using No-Mix Adhesive Resins
Authors: Anuwongnukroh Niwat , Dechkunakorn Surachai , Arunakul Jirawat , Wichai Wassana
Published: April 2016

To evaluate failure sites and ARI scores of re-bonded brackets after debonding of three no-mix adhesive brands. 120 teeth were divided into 2 groups for bonded and rebounded (60 teeth/group) and 3 subgroups (20 teeth/subgroup) for three no-mix adhesive, System1+, Rely-a-bond, and Unite. Tooth surface and bracket base were inspected by low power light microscope (10X) after debonding. The failure sites were assessed and residual adhesives was recorded using the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI). The failure sites were expressed in percentage and Chi-square was used to determine significant differences in the ARI scores among groups (p< 0.05). After rebonding brackets, the failure site of no mix adhesive in bonding were changed to cohesive layer in rebonding group except Unite adhesive. ARI scores of all adhesive were changed from score 2 in bonding group to score 3 in rebonding group after debonding bracket. There were significant (p<0.05) differences in the ARI scores between bonded and rebonded groups except Unite and System1+ and between Unite groups. The results showed that the failure site mostly changed to cohesive layer and ARI changed to Score 3 in three no-mix adhesives after debonding in rebonding brackets.
Application of Taguchi Technique to Surface-Grinding of Mold Steel
Authors: Şahin Y. , Yalcinkaya Senai
Published: April 2016

The selection of optimum machining parameters plays a significant role for the quality characteristics of products and its costs for grinding. This study describes the optimization of the grinding process for an optimal parametric combination to yield a surface roughness using the Taguchi method. An orthogonal array and analysis of variance are employed to investigate the effects of cutting environment (A), depth of cut (B) and feed rate (C) on the surface roughness characteristics of mold steels. Confirmation experiments were conducted to verify the optimal testing parameters. The experimental results indicated that the surface finish decreased with cutting-fluid and depth of cut, but decreased with increasing feed rate. It is revealed that the cutting fluid environment had highest physical as well as statistical influence on the surface roughness (71.38%), followed by depth of cut (25.54%), but the least effect was exhibited by feed rate (1.62%).
Tribological Properties of CVD Diamond Films against Graphite
Authors: Lei Xue Cai , Pang Ke
Published: April 2016

In this investigation, micro crystalline diamond (MCD) and nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) films are deposited on cemented carbide (WC-Co) balls by hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) technique. After deposition, MCD and NCD films are characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and Raman spectroscopy. Then frictional tests are carried out between CVD diamond coated balls and graphite. The results show that the MCD-graphite and NCD-graphite tribo-pairs exhibit comparable frictional coefficients, while the wear rate of graphite in MCD-graphite working pair is much higher than that of graphite in NCD-graphite working pair. Furthermore, the element oxygen is detected in the wear groove of graphite, suggesting the oxycarbide of working materials at the increased temperature due to the heat generated from the mechanical friction.
Prediction of Long-Term Creep Behavior of High Performance Composite Material for Spacecraft
Authors: Min Kyung Ju , Choi Ji Ung , Lee Ho Sung
Published: April 2016

Even though carbon/epoxy composite materials have been widely used in aircraft for many years, different requirements are often required for composite materials in spacecraft application due to the space environment. Some of the considerations include modulus and thermal properties for spacecraft while as strength is important for aircraft. For heat pipe panels, space radiator, antennas or optical benches, thermal stability is required for the life of the satellite. In this study, long term creep behavior of high performance composite material is investigated with time-temperature shift factor. The fiber is pitch-based carbon which shows high thermal conductivity and high modulus. It was possible to predict creep compliance after 5 years from dynamic mechanical analysis data. This information is useful to understand the property change during the intended service life of the spacecraft.
Re-establishing apical patency after obturation with Gutta-percha and two novel calcium silicate-based sealers
Authors: Agrafioti Anastasia , Koursoumis Anastasios D. , Kontakiotis Evangelos G.
Published: April 2016

Objective: Aim of the present study was to evaluate the retreatability and reestablishment of apical patency of two calcium silicate-based sealers, TotalFill BC Sealer (BCS) and mineral trioxide aggregate Fillapex (MTA F), versus AH Plus, when used in combination with Gutta-percha (GP). Materials and Methods: The canals of 54 single-rooted anterior teeth were instrumented and filled with GP/AH Plus (Group A), GP/MTA F (Group B), or GP/BCS (Group C) using continuous wave obturation technique. The groups were subdivided into subgroups with the master-GP cone placed to the working length (WL) or intentionally 2 mm short. The retreatment procedures were performed using ultrasonics, chloroform, rotary, and hand files. The ability to establish the patency and reach WL was determined as well as the time taken to reach WL was calculated in minutes. Furthermore, the samples were observed under a dental, optical microscope, after vertically splitting them. Results: The WL and patency were reestablished in 100% of specimens in all groups. The Mann–Whitney U-test indicated that there was a significant difference in the amount of time required to reach WL between the groups (P < 0.05) with group GP/BCS short of the WL showing the most amount of time to be retreated. Conclusion: The novel calcium silicate-based sealers are negotiable under simple root canal anatomy. However, the conventional retreatment techniques are not able to fully remove them.
Primary failure of eruption combined with bilateral transmigration of mandibular canines, transposition, torus palatinus, and class III incisor relationship: A rare case report
Authors: Elhag Salma Babiker Idris , Abdulghani Ashraf Sidig Idris
Published: April 2016

Eruption disorders are numerous varying from delayed to complete failure of eruption. Primary failure of eruption (PFE) is a rare condition that involves arrested eruption of teeth with the absence of local or general contributory factors. Another rare and clinically challenging phenomenon is canine transmigration which is the intra-osseous movement of impacted canines across the midline. This report presents the first case of combined failure of eruption of multiple teeth with bilateral mandibular canine transmigration, transposition of upper canine and the first premolar, torus palatinus, and class III incisor relationship in a 33-year-old asymptomatic and nonsyndromic female patient.
Awareness assessment in Turkish subpopulation with chronic oral mucosal diseases
Authors: Okumus Ozlem , Kalkan Sevda , Keser Gaye , Pekiner Filiz Namdar
Published: April 2016

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the awareness of group Turkish patients with chronic oral mucosal diseases by chronic oral mucosal diseases questionnaires (COMDQ). Materials and Methods: Eighty patients with chronic oral mucosal diseases were participated in the study. A detailed medical history of each patient was taken, and all the COMDQ questions, which were translated from English version, were filled out. The data were analyzed with the IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences Statistics 22.0. Results: The mean ages of patients were 48.91 ± 13.36 years. Of the total 80 cases of chronic oral mucosal diseases identified 52 (65%) were female and 28 (35%) male. The standardized mean scores for COMDQ were 1.72 ± 1.11 for “pain and functional limitation,” 1.09 ± 0.94 for “medication and treatment,” 2.31 ± 1.06 for “social and emotional,” and 2.27 ± 0.83 for “patient support,” respectively. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that the Turkish version of the COMDQ has the profitable psychometric peculiarity and comfortable to patients with chronic oral mucosal diseases in Turkey.
Recent Developments in the Numerics of Nonlinear Hyperbolic Conservation Laws
Authors: Abgrall Rémi , Hundsdorfer Willem , Meister Andreas , Sonar Thomas
Published: April 2016

The development of reliable numerical methods for the simulation of real life problems requires both a fundamental knowledge in the field of numerical analysis and a proper experience in practical applications as well as their mathematical modeling.

Thus, the purpose of the workshop was to bring together experts not only from the field of applied mathematics but also from civil and mechanical engineering working in the area of modern high order methods for the solution of partial differential equations or even approximation theory necessary to improve the accuracy as well as robustness of numerical algorithms.
Computational Engineering
Authors: Brenner Susanne C. , Carstensen Carsten , Demkowicz Leszek F. , Wriggers Peter
Published: April 2016

The focus of this Computational Engineering Workshop was on the mathematical foundation of state-of-the-art and emerging finite element methods in engineering analysis. The 52 participants included mathematicians and engineers with shared interest on discontinuous Galerkin or Petrov-Galerkin methods and other generalized nonconforming or mixed finite element methods.
Myoepithelioma of the Nasal Cavity
Authors: Ramesh D , Khong Grace Corrine , Sumathi V
Published: April 2016

Myoepithelioma is a rare tumor of the salivary glands. Only three cases of myoepithelioma in the nasal cavity have been reported. A 29-year-old male presented to us with epistaxis and nasal obstruction. There was a fleshy mass occupying the right middle meatus. Biopsy showed evidence of myoepithelioma and an endoscopic excision of the tumor was done. Histopathological examination of the resected tumor was consistent with myoepithelioma. Due to its rarity, the nature of the tumor is not known and regular follow-ups are needed for early detection of recurrence and malignancy.

How to cite this article

Ramesh D, Khong GC, Sumathi V. Myoepithelioma of the Nasal Cavity. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2015;8(2):89-91.
Evaluation of the Change in Recent Diagnostic Criteria of Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Ramadhin Abhishek
Published: April 2016

There is an enormous economic burden of patients suffering from chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), there is also significant patient morbidity in terms of quality of life and decreased overall productivity caused by CRS. But, the criteria's to label a patient having CRS is not clearly defined. The definition of CRS is ever evolving. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnosis of CRS according to recent clinical guideline set by the AAO-HNS and to determine the utility of nasal endoscopy for diagnosing the CRS.

How to cite this article

Ramadhin A. Evaluation of the Change in Recent Diagnostic Criteria of Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Cross-sectional Study. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2015;8(3):110-114.
A Bunch of Stapler Pin: An Unusual Nasopharyngeal Foreign Body
Authors: Das Soumyajit , Chakraborty Suvamoy , Mukherjee Subhasish
Published: April 2016

Objective

To highlight the occurrence of unusual foreign bodies in the nasopharynx in the pediatric age group.

Introduction

Foreign bodies are common in ENT practice universally. At times they may present as emergency requiring urgent intervention and many a times they go unnoticed as these are not suspected. Nasopharyngeal foreign bodies are rare in any age group.

Case Report

A 10 months old female child was brought with the history of persistent drooling of saliva and refusal to feed after accidental ingestion of a bunch of stapler pin. Plain radiograph showed a bunch of stapler pin in the nasopharynx with enlarged adenoid tissue and prevertebral soft tissue shadow.

Conclusion

Bunch of stapler pin is an unusual foreign body in the nasopharynx. Care should be taken while removing these foreign bodies. Digital manipulation for removal of such foreign bodies are hazardous and should be avoided at all cost.

How to cite this article

Das S, Chakraborty S, Mukherjee S. A Bunch of Stapler Pin: An Unusual Nasopharyngeal Foreign Body. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2015;8(3):127-129.
Nitrous oxide and methane in two tropical estuaries in a peat-dominated region of northwestern Borneo
Authors: Müller Denise , Bange Hermann W. , Warneke Thorsten , Rixen Tim , Müller Moritz , Mujahid Aazani , Notholt Justus
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Estuaries are sources of nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) to the atmosphere. However, our present knowledge of N2O and CH4 emissions from estuaries in the tropics is very limited because data are scarce. In this study, we present first measurements of dissolved N2O and CH4 from two estuaries in a peat-dominated region of northwestern Borneo. Two campaigns (during the dry season in June 2013 and during the wet season in March 2014) were conducted in the estuaries of the Lupar and Saribas rivers. Median N2O concentrations ranged between 7.2 and 12.3 nmol L−1 and were higher in the marine end-member (13.0 ± 7.0 nmol L−1). CH4 concentrations were low in the coastal ocean (3.6 ± 0.2 nmol L−1) and higher in the estuaries (medians between 10.6 and 64.0 nmol L−1). The respiration of abundant organic matter and presumably anthropogenic input caused slight eutrophication, which did not lead to hypoxia or enhanced N2O concentrations, however. Generally, N2O concentrations were not related to dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations. Thus, the use of an emission factor for the calculation of N2O emissions from the inorganic nitrogen load leads to an overestimation of the flux from the Lupar and Saribas estuaries. N2O was negatively correlated with salinity during the dry season, which suggests a riverine source. In contrast, N2O concentrations during the wet season were not correlated with salinity but locally enhanced within the estuaries, implying that there were additional estuarine sources during the wet (i.e., monsoon) season. Estuarine CH4 distributions were not driven by freshwater input but rather by tidal variations. Both N2O and CH4 concentrations were more variable during the wet season. We infer that the wet season dominates the variability of the N2O and CH4 concentrations and subsequent emissions from tropical estuaries. Thus, we speculate that any changes in the Southeast Asian monsoon system will lead to changes in the N2O and CH4 emissions from these systems. We also suggest that the ongoing cultivation of peat soil in Borneo is likely to increase N2O emissions from these estuaries, while the effect on CH4 remains uncertain.
Improved finite-source inversion through joint measurements of rotational and translational ground motions: A theoretical study
Authors: Reinwald Michael , Bernauer Moritz , Igel Heiner , Donner Stefanie
Published: April 2016

Abstract. With the prospects of seismic equipment being able to measure rotational ground motions in a wide frequency and amplitude range in the near future we engage in the question how this type of ground motion observation can be used to solve the seismic inverse problem. In this paper, we focus on the question, whether finite source inversion can benefit from additional observations of rotational motion. Keeping the overall number of traces constant, we compare observations from a surface seismic network with 44 3-component translational sensors (classic seismometers) with those obtained with 22 6-component sensors (with additional 3-component rotational motions). Synthetic seismograms are calculated for known finite-source properties. The corresponding inverse problem is posed in a probabilistic way using the Shannon information content as measure how the observations constrain the seismic source properties. We minimize the influence of the source receiver geometry around the fault by statistically analyzing six-component (three velocity and three rotation rate) inversions with a random distribution of receivers. The results show that with the 6-C subnetworks the source properties are not only equally well recovered (even that would be benefitial because of the substantially reduced logistics installing half the sensors) but statistically some source properties are almost always better resolved. We assume that this can be attributed to the fact that the (in particular vertical) gradient information is contained in the additional motion components. We compare these effects for strike-slip and normal-faulting type sources and confirm that the increase in inversion quality for kinematic source parameters is even higher for the normal fault. This indicates that the inversion benefits from the additional information provided by the horizontal rotation rates, i.e. information about the vertical displacement gradient.
From Mathematical Induction to Discrete Time
Authors: Selke David
Published: April 2016

Proof by induction involves a chain of implications in which the stages are well ordered. A chain of cause and effect in nature also involves a chain of implications. For this chain to “imply” or bring about its effects in a logical sense, it also has to be organized into a well ordering of stages (which are the points or quanta of time). This means that time must be quantized rather than continuous. An argument from relativity implies that space is quantized as a consequence.
Gestão de cuidados ao idoso dependente: Relato de um caso
Authors: Teixeira Dalila Rodrigues
Published: April 2016

O presente caso enfatiza o papel do médico de família como gestor de cuidados assistenciais ao doente sem autonomia funcional; salientando-se a importância da abordagem sistêmica no planejamento da intervenção. Maria e José, ambos octogenários, formam uma família nuclear na fase VIII, do ciclo de Duvall. Na sequência de uma hospitalização prolongada, Maria ficou acamada, verificando-se na primeira visita domiciliar que José executava de forma praticamente isolada a função de cuidador. Perante esta situação, a médica de família coordenou uma rede apoios formais e informais, que permitiram aliviar a sobrecarga de José e a recuperação da capacidade de marcha de Maria. A relevância deste caso prende-se com o fato de constituir um exemplo paradigmático da atividade distintiva do médico de família, enquanto agente executor de uma abordagem globalizante, capaz de aglutinar os múltiplos aspectos fundamentais ao bem-estar integral dos doentes.
Human Cartilage-Derived Progenitor Cells From Committed Chondrocytes for Efficient Cartilage Repair and Regeneration
Authors: Jiang Yangzi , Cai Youzhi , Zhang Wei , Yin Zi , Hu Changchang , Tong Tong , Lu Ping , Zhang Shufang , Neculai Dante , Tuan Rocky S. , Ouyang Hong Wei
Published: April 2016

Articular cartilage is not a physiologically self-renewing tissue. Injury of cartilage often progresses from the articular surface to the subchondral bone, leading to pathogenesis of tissue degenerative diseases, such as osteoarthritis. Therapies to treat cartilage defects using autologous chondrocyte-based tissue engineering have been developed and used for more than 20 years; however, the challenge of chondrocyte expansion in vitro remains. A promising cell source, cartilage stem/progenitor cells (CSPCs), has attracted recent attention. Because their origin and identity are still unclear, the application potential of CSPCs is under active investigation. Here we have captured the emergence of a group of stem/progenitor cells derived from adult human chondrocytes, highlighted by dynamic changes in expression of the mature chondrocyte marker, COL2, and mesenchymal stromal/stem cell (MSC) marker, CD146. These cells are termed chondrocyte-derived progenitor cells (CDPCs). The stem cell-like potency and differentiation status of CDPCs were determined by physical and biochemical cues during culture. A low-density, low-glucose 2-dimensional culture condition (2DLL) was critical for the emergence and proliferation enhancement of CDPCs. CDPCs showed similar phenotype as bone marrow mesenchymal stromal/stem cells but exhibited greater chondrogenic potential. Moreover, the 2DLL-cultured CDPCs proved efficient in cartilage formation both in vitro and in vivo and in repairing large knee cartilage defects (6–13 cm2) in 15 patients. These findings suggest a phenotype conversion between chondrocytes and CDPCs and provide conditions that promote the conversion. These insights expand our understanding of cartilage biology and may enhance the success of chondrocyte-based therapies.

Significance

Injury of cartilage, a non-self-repairing tissue, often progresses to pathogenesis of degenerative joint diseases, such as osteoarthritis. Although tissue-derived stem cells have been shown to contribute to tissue renewal and homeostasis, the derivation, biological function, and application potential of stem/progenitor cells found in adult human articular cartilage are incompletely understood. This study reports the derivation of a population of cartilage stem/progenitor cells from fully differentiated chondrocytes under specific culture conditions, which have the potential to reassume their chondrocytic phenotype for efficient cartilage regeneration. These findings support the possibility of using in vitro amplified chondrocyte-derived progenitor cells for joint cartilage repair.
Mechanical Stretching Promotes Skin Tissue Regeneration via Enhancing Mesenchymal Stem Cell Homing and Transdifferentiation
Authors: Liang Xiao , Huang Xiaolu , Zhou Yiwen , Jin Rui , Li Qingfeng
Published: April 2016

Skin tissue expansion is a clinical procedure for skin regeneration to reconstruct cutaneous defects that can be accompanied by severe complications. The transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been proven effective in promoting skin expansion and helping to ameliorate complications; however, systematic understanding of its mechanism remains unclear. MSCs from luciferase-Tg Lewis rats were intravenously transplanted into a rat tissue expansion model to identify homing and transdifferentiation. To clarify underlying mechanisms, a systematic approach was used to identify the differentially expressed genes between mechanically stretched human MSCs and controls. The biological significance of these changes was analyzed through bioinformatic methods. We further investigated genes and pathways of interest to disclose their potential role in mechanical stretching-induced skin regeneration. Cross sections of skin samples from the expanded group showed significantly more luciferase+ and stromal cell-derived factor 1α (SDF-1α)+, luciferase+keratin 14+, and luciferase+CD31+ cells than the control group, indicating MSC transdifferentiation into epidermal basal cells and endothelial cells after SDF-1α-mediated homing. Microarray analysis suggested upregulation of genes related to hypoxia, vascularization, and cell proliferation in the stretched human MSCs. Further investigation showed that the homing of MSCs was blocked by short interfering RNA targeted against matrix metalloproteinase 2, and that mechanical stretching-induced vascular endothelial growth factor A upregulation was related to the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (Jak-STAT) and Wnt signaling pathways. This study determines that mechanical stretching might promote skin regeneration by upregulating MSC expression of genes related to hypoxia, vascularization, and cell proliferation; enhancing transplanted MSC homing to the expanded skin; and transdifferentiation into epidermal basal cells and endothelial cells.

Significance

Skin tissue expansion is a clinical procedure for skin regeneration to cover cutaneous defects that can be accompanied by severe complications. The transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been proven effective in promoting skin expansion and ameliorating complications. This study, which sought to provide a systematic understanding of the mechanism, determined that mechanical stretching could upregulate MSC expression of genes related to hypoxia, vascularization, and cell proliferation; enhance transplanted MSC homing to the expanded skin tissue; and promote their transdifferentiation into epidermal basal cells and endothelial cells.
The Missing Links: Towards the Effective Management and Control of Corruption in Nigeria, Africa and the Global South
Authors: Lawrence Ethelbert Okey
Published: April 2016

Corruption has become a full blown cancer in Nigeria, Africa and other Global South countries, consequently bringing about economic backwardness, political instability, social insecurity, infrastructural decay, unaccountability, negation of the principle of law, etc. Efforts towards curbing it have failed woefully. It is evident that there are missing links towards effective management and control of the phenomenon in these areas. Based on secondary data, and using Nigeria as sample, this paper examined these missing links towards effective management and control of the phenomenon. Since corruption is multi-faceted i.e. manifests through multiplicity of factors ranging from ethno-religious, and sectional sentiments on one hand, and on the other, reflected in the social classes of active, and non-active players of the phenomenon; as well as international factors sustaining the menace; not leaving the mechanisms for control and management of the whole process of its prevalence. Thus, an integrative theoretical approach was used to explain these missing links which have been identified as corrupt individuals in the corridors of power; defective/imbalance of political and social structure; legal justice; social justice; and international collaboration. Findings reveal: political powers in the hands of corrupt individuals; poor implementation of legal and social justice among others account for the persistence of corruption in these areas. Some of the recommendations include: having individuals with proven records of integrity vie for political elective positions; there should be no sacred cows in the fight against corruption; and, there should be a redefinition of the core values to define corruption.