bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Yale Grammatical Diversity Project: Morphosyntactic variation in North American English
Authors: Zanuttini Raffaella , Wood Jim , Zentz Jason , Horn Laurence
Published: March 2018

The Yale Grammatical Diversity Project approaches the empirical domain of North American English from the perspective of generative microcomparative syntax. In addition to eliciting judgments from speakers of particular varieties, we also conduct large-scale surveys, map the results of those surveys geographically, conduct statistical tests taking geography and other social variables into account, and look for theoretically significant linguistic correlations. In all cases, we do this with the primary goal of understanding variation between speakers at the individual level. While our goals and methodologies are informed by our theoretical perspective, we expect that our work and results will be of interest to linguists working in other frameworks and even to the public more generally. This article outlines the goals and methodologies of the project and describes in broad strokes some of the results obtained so far, as well as some of the ways we have shared our findings with others, inside and outside academia.
Four- to five-year-olds’ use of word order and prosody in focus marking in Dutch
Authors: Chen Aoju , Höhle Barbara
Published: March 2018

This study investigated Dutch-speaking four- to five-year-olds’ use of word order and prosody in distinguishing focus types (broad focus, narrow focus, and contrastive narrow focus) via an interactive answer-reconstruction game. We have found an overall preference for the unmarked word order SVO and no evidence for the use of OVS to distinguish focus types. But the children used pitch and duration in the subject-nouns to distinguish focus types in SVO sentences. These findings show that Dutch-speaking four- to five-year-olds differ from their German- and Finnish-speaking peers, who show evidence of varying choice of word order to mark specific focus types, and use prosody to distinguish focus types in subject and object nouns in both SVO and OVS sentences. These comparisons suggest that typological differences in the relative importance between word order and prosody can lead to differences in children’s use of word order and prosody in unmarked and marked word orders. A more equal role of word order and prosody in the ambient language can stimulate more extensive use of prosody in the marked word order, whereas a more limited role of word order can restrict the use of prosody in the unmarked word order.
Pain, psychosocial tests, pain sensitization and laparoscopic pelvic surgery
Authors: Jarrell John , Robert Magali , Giamberardino Maria Adele , Tang Selphee , Stephenson Kirk
Published: March 2018

Background and aims:

Individuals with non-acute pain are challenged with variable pain responses following surgery as well as psychological challenges, particularly depression and catastrophizing. The purpose of this study was to compare pre- and postoperative psychosocial tests and the associated presence of sensitization on a cohort of women undergoing elective laparoscopic surgery for non-acute pain defined as pain sufficient for surgical investigation without persistent of chronic pain.

Methods:

The study was a secondary analysis of a previous report (Am J Obstet Gynecol 2014 Oct;211(4):360–8.). The study was a prospective cohort trial of 77 women; 61 with non-acute pain and 16 women for a tubal ligation. The women had the following tests: Pain Disability Index, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, CES-D (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale) depression scale and the McGill Pain Scale (short form) as well as their average pain score and the presence of pain sensitization. All test scores were correlated together and comparisons were done using paired t-test.

Results:

There were reductions in pain and psychosocial test scores that were significantly correlated. Pre-operative sensitization indicated greater changes in psychosocial tests.

Conclusions:

There was a close association of tests of psychosocial status with average pain among women having surgery on visceral tissues. Incorporation of these tests in the pre- and postoperative evaluation of women having laparoscopic surgery appears to provide a means to a broader understanding of the woman’s pain experience.
Fehlende Glieder bekannter Reihen: Die Oxoferrate(III) Rb8[Fe2O7], Rb6[Fe2O6] und K4[Fe2O5] / Missing Links in Known Series: The Oxoferrates(III) Rb8[Fe2O7], Rb6[Fe2O6], and K4[Fe2O5]
Authors: Frisch Gero , Röhr Caroline
Published: March 2018

The title compounds were synthesized at temperatures between 775 and 1175 K from (mostly stoichiometric) mixtures of Fe2O3, elemental rubidium or potassium (A) and their hyperoxides AO2. The structures have been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The alkaline rich ferrate(III) Rb8[Fe2O7] (Cs8[Fe2O7] structure type, space group P21/c, a = 696.7, b = 1722.1, c = 692.0 pm, β = 119.40°, Z = 2, R1 = 0.0496) exhibits diferrate anions [Fe2O7]8- composed of two vertexsharing [FeIIIO4] tetrahedra with a linear Fe-O-Fe bridge and nearly ideal 3m symmetry. This is in marked contrast to the Na homologue, where the diferrate anions are decidedly angular. In the series A3[FeO3], the anions in the compounds of the light alkaline cations are chains 1
∞[FeO2O2/2]3−, but similar to the isotypic K6[Fe2O6] and to Cs6[Fe2O6] the new ferrate Rb6[Fe2O6] (K6Fe2O6 structure type, space group C2/m, a=741.8(2), b=1148.7(2), c=680.08(12) pm, β =103.65(2)°, Z = 4, R1 = 0.0370) contains isolated binuclear anions [O2FeO2FeO2]6− composed of two edge sharing [FeO4] tetrahedra. The new potassium ferrate of the series A4[Fe2O5], K4[Fe2O5] (space group P21/c, a = 645.91(14), b = 593.69(13), c = 1003.0(2) pm, β = 103.124(4)°, Z = 4, R1 = 0.0355), constitutes a new structure type, but its structure is still closely related to the Na compound, which crystallizes in the isomorphous subgroup P21/n with a doubled a axis. Both compounds are phylloferrates with layers 2
∞[Fe2O5]4− consisting of six-membered rings of [FeO4] tetrahedra. In contrast, Rb4[Fe2O5] contains chains of vertex and edge sharing tetrahedra, so that in both series, A3[FeO3] and A4[Fe2O5], the linkedness of the ferrate tetrahedra increases with the ionic radii of the A counterions.
SIRT1 Deacetylates Tau and Reduces Pathogenic Tau Spread in a Mouse Model of Tauopathy
Authors: Min Sang-Won , Sohn Peter Dongmin , Li Yaqiao , Devidze Nino , Johnson Jeffrey R. , Krogan Nevan J. , Masliah Eliezer , Mok Sue-Ann , Gestwicki Jason E. , Gan Li
Published: March 2018

Hyperacetylation of tau has been implicated in neurodegeneration and cognitive decline in tauopathy brains. The nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide-dependent class-III protein deacetylase SIRT1 is one of the major enzymes involved in removal of acetyl groups from tauin vitro. However, whether SIRT1 regulates acetylation of pathogenic tau and ameliorates tau-mediated pathogenesis remains unclear. Here, we report deacetylating activity of SIRT1 for acetylated Lys174 (K174) of tau in tauP301S transgenic mice with a brain-specific SIRT1 deletion. We show that SIRT1 deficiency leads to exacerbation of premature mortality, synapse loss, and behavioral disinhibition in tauP301S transgenic mice of both sexes. By contrast, SIRT1 overexpression by stereotaxic delivery of adeno-associated virus that encodes SIRT1 into the hippocampus reduces acetylated K174 tau. Furthermore, SIRT1 overexpression significantly attenuates the spread of tau pathology into anatomically connected brain regions of tauP301S transgenic mice of both sexes. These findings suggest the functional importance of SIRT1 in regulating pathogenic tau acetylation and in suppressing the spread of tau pathologyin vivo.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn neurodegenerative disorders with inclusions of microtubule-associated protein tau, aberrant lysine acetylation of tau plays critical roles in promoting tau accumulation and toxicity. Identifying strategies to deacetylate tau could interfere with disease progression; however, little is known about how pathogenic tau is deacetylatedin vivo. Here we show that the protein deacetylase SIRT1 reduces tau acetylation in a mouse model of neurodegeneration. SIRT1 deficiency in the brain aggravates synapse loss and behavioral disinhibition, and SIRT1 overexpression ameliorates propagation of tau pathology.
How Music Moves Us
Authors: Demos Alexander P. , Chaffin Roger
Published: March 2018

We measured the postural sway of two trombonists as they each recorded multiple performances of two solo pieces in each of three different expressive styles (normal, expressive, non-expressive). We then measured the postural sway of 29 non-trombonist listeners as they moved their arms and body, “air-conducting” the recorded sound as if to draw out the emotion from the performance (Experiment 1), and of the two trombonists as they played along with the same recorded performances (Experiment 2). In both experiments, the velocity of listeners’ postural sway was more like that of the performer than expected by chance. Listeners entrained more to back-and-forth than to side-to-side sway in Experiment 1 and only to back-and-forth sway in Experiment 2. Entrainment was not due entirely to performer and listener both swaying to the musical pulse in the same way. Listeners in Experiment 1 rated performances as more expressive when they entrained more, suggesting that entrainment enhanced their aesthetic experience of the music. The whole body appears to contribute to unpacking the expressive content of musical communication.
Hypokalemia: a clinical update
Authors: Kardalas Efstratios , Paschou Stavroula A , Anagnostis Panagiotis , Muscogiuri Giovanna , Siasos Gerasimos , Vryonidou Andromachi
Published: March 2018

Hypokalemia is a common electrolyte disturbance, especially in hospitalized patients. It can have various causes, including endocrine ones. Sometimes, hypokalemia requires urgent medical attention. The aim of this review is to present updated information regarding: (1) the definition and prevalence of hypokalemia, (2) the physiology of potassium homeostasis, (3) the various causes leading to hypokalemia, (4) the diagnostic steps for the assessment of hypokalemia and (5) the appropriate treatment of hypokalemia depending on the cause. Practical algorithms for the optimal diagnostic, treatment and follow-up strategy are presented, while an individualized approach is emphasized.
Anti-Müllerian hormone overexpression restricts preantral ovarian follicle survival
Authors: Pankhurst Michael W , Kelley Rebecca L , Sanders Rachel L , Woodcock Savana R , Oorschot Dorothy E , Batchelor Nicola J
Published: March 2018

Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is an ovarian regulator that affects folliculogenesis. AMH inhibits the developmental activation of the dormant primordial follicles and the oocyte within. In more mature follicles, AMH reduces granulosa cell sensitivity to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). We examined the effects of AMH overexpression on the stages of ovarian folliculogenesis, and the development of embryos, with a transgenic mouse that overexpresses human AMH in central nervous system neurons under the control of the mouse Thy1.2 promoter (Thy1.2-AMH
Tg mice). These mice are severely sub-fertile, despite relatively normal ovulation rates. The embryos of Thy1.2-AMHTg females exhibited delayed preimplantation development and extensive mid-gestation fetal resorption. Young Thy1.2-AMHTg mouse ovaries exhibited only a slight reduction in the rate of primordial follicle activation but large declines in the number of developing follicles surviving past the primary stage. It was expected that Thy1.2-AMHTg mice would retain more primordial follicles as they aged, but at 5 months, their number was significantly reduced relative to wild-type females. These data indicate that moderate elevations in AMH levels can severely restrict reproductive output and the number of developing follicles in the ovary. This evidence suggests that early antral follicles are a target for AMH signaling, which may regulate early follicle survival.
Frejol castilla (Vigna unguiculata l. Walp) como ingrediente en raciones de crecimiento-engorde de cuyes (Cavia porcellus) mejorados
Authors: Choez A. Katherine , Ravillet S. Víctor
Published: March 2018

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la respuesta productiva y económica de cuyes mejorados (Linea Perú tipo I) alimentados con raciones conteniendo diferentes niveles de frejol Castilla (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp). El estudio se llevó a cabo en una granja familiar de Lambayeque, Perú, con 40 cuyes machos destetados de 15 días y 387.5 g de peso inicial, bajo un diseño completamente randomizado. Los cuyes se distribuyeron en cuatro tratamientos: T0, T1, T2 y T3 con 0, 10, 20 y 30% de frejol Castilla en las raciones, respectivamente. El concentrado fue ofrecido ad libitum, además de 150 g de alfalfa por cuy/día. Luego de siete semanas, la ganancia de peso varió entre 10.3 y 12.0 g/día, el consumo en concentrado varió entre 38.8 y 47.2 g/cuy/día y el rendimiento de carcasa varió entre 65.0 y 66.6%, sin diferencias significativas entre tratamientos. La mejor conversión alimenticia del concentrado se observó en T2 (3.6). El mejor mérito económico fue asimismo en T2, el cual presentó 20.7% de mejora económica adicional que T0. En conclusión, el frejol Castilla en el nivel de 20% en las raciones de crecimiento-engorde de cuyes mejorados mejora el índice de conversión alimenticia y el mérito económico.
Comparación de la Formula de Friedewald con el método precipitado para la determinación de los niveles de colesterol LDL en bovinos
Authors: Osorio José Henry , Castañeda Jorge Abel
Published: March 2018

El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar dos métodos (precipitado y Friedewald) para la determinación de los valores de colesterol LDL en bovinos. Se tomaron 56 muestras de sangre de bovinos en las primeras horas de la mañana. Se determinaron los niveles de colesterol LDL en el suero mediante el método de precipitación y mediante la fórmula de Friedewald. Los resultados fueron analizados mediante un análisis de varianza de una vía. El método precipitado reportó valores (mg/dl) de 14.33, 0.36, 59.11, 58.75 y 11.21 para promedio, mínimo, máximo, rango y desviación estándar, respectivamente, y mediante el método de Friedewald se obtuvieron valores (mg/dl) de 62.04, 13.68, 156.82, 143.14 y 32.97, respectivamente, habiendo diferencia significativa entre estos métodos para un nivel de confianza del 95.0%. Los resultados indican que no es recomendable la utilización del método de precipitación para la determinación del colesterol LDL en los bovinos.
Determinación de los niveles de colesterol LDL en ganado bovino comparando dos métodos
Authors: Osorio José Henry , Castañeda Jorge Abel
Published: March 2018

El objetivo del estudio fue comparar el método Directo con el método de Precipitación para la determinación de colesterol LDL en una especie con patrón metabólico HDL. Se tomaron muestras de sangre de 56 vacas lecheras a primera hora del día. Se determinaron los niveles de colesterol LDL en el suero mediante ambos métodos utilizando kits comerciales. Los resultados fueron analizados estadísticamente mediante un análisis de varianza de una vía. El método directo reportó valores en mg/dl de 46.66, 6.50, 101.83, 95.33 y 24.15 para promedio, mínimo, máximo, rango y desviación estándar, respectivamente y mediante el método de precipitación se obtuvieron valores (mg/dl) de 14.33, 0.36, 59.12, 58.76 y 11.21, respectivamente, habiendo diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre estos métodos para un nivel de confianza del 95.0%. Los resultados indican que el método directo es el más confiable para la determinación de los niveles de colesterol LDL.
Coproprevalencia de infestación canina por Echinococcus granulosus en un distrito endémico en hidatidosis en Perú
Authors: Montalvo Raúl , Clemente Johana , Castañeda Lorena , Caro Estephany , Ccente Yoli , Nuñez Mayori
Published: March 2018

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la coproprevalencia de Equinococcus granulosus en canes del distrito rural de San José de Queros, ubicado en la provincia de Concepción, región Junín, en el centro del Perú. El estudio fue observacional de tipo transversal, y se llevó a cabo en 2015 en los tres anexos del distrito. Se recolectaron muestras de heces de 152 canes del mismo número de hogares seleccionados al azar y se procesaron mediante la técnica de ELISA específica de Echinococcus granulosus. El 50% (Usibamba 61.0%, Chaquicocha 51.0% y San José de Quero 41.9%) de muestras fueron positivas al parásito. Asimismo, se determinó que el promedio de canes por casa fue 2.3, el 40.9% de los dueños alimentaba a los canes con vísceras frescas del ganado sacrificado, la proporción de perros que defecan fuera de casa era de 91.3%, y que el 18.4% refiere haber tenido algún familiar con quiste hidatídico. Se concluye que la infestación canina por E. granulosus es frecuente en el distrito San José de Quero, la cual es facilitada por los hábitos de los dueños y los comportamientos epidemiológicos del can.
Prevalencia de Cystoisospora suis en lechones lactantes y cerdas en Venezuela
Authors: Pinilla León Juan Carlos , Borges Natalia Da Silva
Published: March 2018

Se determinó la prevalencia de Cystoisospora suis en lechones lactantes y cerdas madres en granjas porcinas de la región central de Venezuela. El estudio se condujo en granjas de tres tamaños y con antecedentes de diarrea neonatal: granjas pequeñas (<150 madres), medianas (150-500 madres) y grandes (>500 madres). Se examinaron 572 camadas y sus madres. Las muestras se cultivaron en dicromato de potasio al 2.5% y procesadas mediante la técnica de flotación-centrifugación, utilizando una solución saturada de NaCl enriquecida con solución azucarada. C. suis se encontró en 55 granjas (82.1%) y 210 camadas (36.7%), con los mayores valores de prevalencia en las dos primeras semanas de vida (p<0.05), pero sin diferencias estadísticas entre tamaños de granja. El 9.4% de las cerdas se encontraron infectadas y, de estas, el 89% de las camadas resultaron positivas a C. suis, dando una correlación significativa entre la positividad de lechones y sus madres (r=0.55; p<0.05). Los resultados demuestran que C. suis se encuentra ampliamente distribuida en la región central de Venezuela, indistintamente del tamaño de la granja.
Prevalencia del parasitismo gastrointestinal en bovinos del departamento Cesar, Colombia
Authors: Pinilla Juan Carlos , Flórez Paola , Sierra Marly , Morales Elsa , Sierra Raúl , Vásquez María Cristina , Tobon Julio César , Sánchez Alfredo , Ortiz Diego
Published: March 2018

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de parásitos gastrointestinales en bovinos del departamento del Cesar, Colombia. Se colectaron 862 muestras fecales en 27 fincas de doble propósito de dos municipios. Los animales fueron estratificados en tres grupos etarios: 0-12, 12-24 y >24 meses. Las muestras se procesaron mediante las técnicas coprológicas de McMaster, Dennis y Baermann. Se identificaron los géneros de los parásitos según morfología de sus huevos o larvas infectivas. La prevalencia global de parásitos gastrointestinales fue de 83.2%, siendo los valores más altos para Eimeria sp (77.9%), Strongyloides sp (10.8%) y Haemonchus sp (8.5%). No se encontró asociación estadística por efecto de los municipios, pero se observó por efecto del grupo etario en la prevalencia de Eimeria sp, Strongyloides, Haemonchus y Trichostrongylus (p<0.05).
Efecto del entrenamiento en Agility en gran altitud en perros Border Collie en algunas variables electrocardiográficas: análisis preliminar
Authors: Vargas-Pinto Piero , Galindo Zamora Vladimir , Pedraza-Toscano Adriana , Vargas-Pinto Pedro
Published: March 2018

El objetivo del estudio fue conocer el efecto en reposo de algunas variables electrocardiográficas en perros Border Collie practicantes de la disciplina deportiva Agility en gran altitud (2600 msnm). Se evaluaron 15 perros (grupo atletas), pertenecientes a diferentes equipos de «agility» de la ciudad de Bogotá D.C., Colombia y 16 perros Border Collie no practicantes de actividades deportivas (grupo no atletas) de la misma ciudad. Las variables electrocardiográficas analizadas, en electrocardiografía de 5 min fueron: análisis de poder espectral con los componentes de alta y baja frecuencia y balance LF/ HF (simpático/vagal). Dentro del método de dominio de tiempo se determinó el promedio de RR (NN) y SDNN. En 100 latidos consecutivos se midió la duración de QRS y QT, corregido por la fórmula de Van de Water (QTcV) y hallada su variabilidad por desviación estándar (SDQT). Se realizó observación de la dispersión de QT de cada uno de los individuos usando un gráfico de Poincaré. Los perros del grupo de atletas evidenciaron valores de HF más altos y de LF y LF/HF más bajos que el grupo de perros no atletas (p<0.05). Así mismo, los valores de RR y SDNN, longitud de QRS e intervalo QT fueron mayores en los perros atletas (p<0.05). No se encontraron diferencias entre los grupos en QTcV y SDQT. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian diferencias claras en varios componentes de la variabilidad de frecuencia cardíaca (VFC) entre perros Border Collie atletas y no atletas, con actividad diferenciada del sistema nervioso autónomo. El ejercicio y la altitud serían responsables de los hallazgos en QT y QRS.
LA SEGURIDIZACIÓN DE LA CONFERENCIA REGIONAL SOBRE MIGRACIÓN
Authors: Solís Vargas María Eugenia
Published: March 2018

En este artículo, se analiza cómo la priorización de enfoques sobre la seguridad, junto conlos cambios en el complejo de seguridad, han influenciado el discurso de la ConferenciaRegional sobre Migración en la I y la XIX conferencias. A partir del análisis de contenido, seindican las diferencias discursivas en la Conferencia Regional de Migraciones, entre 1996 y2014. Se evidencia que la conferencia ha experimentado un proceso de cambio en el cual sepasa de un enfoque de derechos humanos a uno de seguridad.
PROTOCOLIZACIÓN DE PROCEDIMIENTOS INSTITUCIONALES, INVESTIGACIÓN EVALUATIVA Y CUMPLIMIENTO DE LOS DERECHOS DE LAS PERSONAS MENORES DE EDAD MIGRANTES NO ACOMPAÑADAS EN COSTA RICA
Authors: Chavarría Carranza Carlos Yurán
Published: March 2018

La investigación evaluativa es un instrumento de suma utilidad para conocer aquellosmomentos e instancias donde las organizaciones internamente y en su relación con otras,puedan conocer las debilidades y fortalezas que enfrentan en el cumplimiento de sus objetivos.Una situación como la de las personas menores de edad migrantes no acompañadas,motivó a la Organización Internacional de las Migraciones a realizar una evaluación sobrela respuesta societaria que se da en Costa Rica a la atención de tal problemática. Los resultadosde esta indagación muestran importantes aciertos respecto a la respuesta societariala cual se clasifica como eficiente. También se muestran aquellos otros en los cuales esteaccionar interno y coordinado entre las instituciones, fragiliza y hasta tergiversa el cumplimientode los Derechos Humanos que abrigan a las poblaciones menores de edad en el país.
MUJERES AFECTADAS POR EL NEMAGÓN: LA ORGANIZACIÓN PARA REGISTRAR EL SUFRIMIENTO AMBIENTAL
Authors: Mora Solano Sindy
Published: March 2018

En este artículo se analiza el proceso de organización de mujeres trabajadoras bananerasafectadas por el agroquímico conocido como nemagón. En los años 90, estas mujeresse organizaron con la finalidad de registrar los padecimientos en sus cuerpos producto dela exposición a los agroquímicos. Para ello, se consulta la literatura en el tema y se analizanfuentes del año 1996 del archivo de la organización Servicio Paz y Justicia (Serpaj).
PERFILES SOCIALES DE LA POBLACIÓN ADULTA MAYOR EN EL ESTADO DE MÉXICO, 2015
Authors: Román Sánchez Yuliana Gabriela , Robles Linares Sergio Cuauhtémoc Gaxiola , Montoya Arce Bernardino Jaciel , Lozano Keymolen Daniel
Published: March 2018

El proceso de envejecimiento entre la población de México se caracteriza por una serie de desigualdades relacionadas con factores sociales. El caso particular del Estado de México destaca pues se trata de la entidad con el mayor porcentaje de personas de 60 años o más. El objetivo de este artículo fue identificar perfiles sociales de la población de 60 años o más en el Estado de México con la finalidad de exponer la heterogeneidad de este grupo poblacional. Lo anterior se realizó con datos de la Encuesta Intercensal 2015 y por medio de la estimación del Análisis de Correspondencias Múltiples (acm). En los resultados seidentificaron cinco grupos de adultos mayores; donde el sexo, el nivel de escolaridad y la jubilación fueron variables fundamentales para identificar cada grupo.
A simple stability-indicating HPLC method for simultaneous analysis of paracetamol and caffeine and its application to determinations in fixed-dose combination tablet dosage form
Authors: Aminu Nafiu , Chan Siok-Yee , Khan Nasir Hayat , Farhan Ahmed Bassam , Umar Muhammad Nura , Toh Seok-Ming
Published: March 2018

A simple, economic, rapid, reliable, and stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of paracetamol (PCM) and caffeine (CF) in solid dosage form. The chromatographic separations were achieved with a Waters Symmetry® C18 column (5 μm, 4.6 × 150 mm), using a mixture of methanol and water (40:60, v/v) as a mobile phase, under isocratic elution mode with a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, and ultraviolet (UV) detection was set at 264 nm. The oven temperature for the column was set and maintained at 35 °C. The method was validated according to International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines, and it demonstrated excellent linearity, with a correlation coefficient of 1 and 0.9999 for PCM and CF, respectively, over the concentration ranges of 15–300 μg/mL (PCM) and 2.5–50 μg/mL (CF). The retention time (tR) was found to be 2.6 ± 0.001 and 3.5 ± 0.002 min for PCM and CF, respectively. Extensive stress degradation studies were conducted by subjecting the analytes to various stress conditions of acidic and alkaline hydrolysis as well as oxidative, photolytic, and heat degradations. The method was found to efficiently separate the analytes' peaks from that of the degradation products, without any variation in their retention times. The relative standard deviation (RSD) values of all recoveries for PCM and CF were less than 1.3%. The method was found to be suitable for routine analysis of PCM and CF in pharmaceutical dosage form.
IDENTIFIKASI SITUS KAPAL KARAM BERSEJARAH “KARANG PANJANG” DI PERAIRAN PULAU LAUT NATUNA
Authors: Dillenia Ira , Arief Troa Rainer
Published: March 2018

Pulau Laut dan kawasan perairan Natuna secara keseluruhan berdasarkan bukti sejarah sejak abad 10 M, telah menjadi jalur lintas laut untuk berbagai kapal dagang asing yang akan masuk ke wilayah Nusantara. Dalam perjalanannya masuk ke Natuna, banyak dari armada kapal tersebut yang karam dan akhirnya tenggelam di kawasan perairan kepulauannya. Artinya, potensi keberadaan situs arkeologi bawah laut di kawasan ini sangat besar yang belum semuanya teridentifikasi. Karena itu, penelitian arkeologi maritim yang mendasari tulisan ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi bentuk dan struktur kapal karam, serta menggali nilai historis didalamnya. Fokus lokasi pada Situs Karang Panjang, Perairan Pulau Laut Natuna. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei akustik bawah air (side scan sonar), penyelaman, dan wawancara dengan masyarakat setempat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Situs Karang Panjang merupakan situs  kapal karam bersejarah berteknologi mesin uap, struktur kapal berbahan campuran besi dan kayu dengan sebagian besar telah ditumbuhi karang sehingga telah menyatu dengan ekosistem bawah lautnya. Hal ini menjadikan Situs Karang Panjang berpotensi menjadi obyek wisata selam kapal karam (wreckdive) sebagai bagian gagasan Marine Eco-Archaeological Park di atas.
PENGEMBANGAN GALANGAN DAUR-ULANG KAPAL RAMAH LINGKUNGAN DI INDONESIA MENGGUNAKAN METODE ANP: STUDI KASUS GALANGAN DAUR-ULANG KAPAL DI KAMAL, MADURA
Authors: Akriananta Wasis , Suastika Ketut
Published: March 2018

Daur-ulang kapal (ship recycling) pada saat ini dianggap sebagai solusi terbaik untuk kapal usang. Material dibongkar melalui proses daurulang menjadi produk baru dan dapat masuk kembali dalam rantai pasok pasar. Industri ship- recycling yard harus merumuskan metode pengedokan, pengupasan,pemotongan, dan penanganan material (material handling) terbaik dengan memadukan kegiatan rekayasa untuk menghasilkan produk yang berkualitas. Galangan daur-ulang kapal dikembangkan menjadi green ship-recycling yard dengan menambahkan fasilitas, update teknologi dan proses daur ulang yang ramah lingkungan sesuai dengan aturan yang berlaku, baik nasional maupun internasional. Metode Analytic Network Process (ANP) digunakan dalam pengambilan keputusan. Hasil analisis ANP untuk galangan daur-ulang kapal di Kamal, Madura, merekomendasikan dengan nilai tertinggi: (i) metode slipway (0.284) untuk pengedokan, (ii) metode dry ice blasting (0.360) untuk pengupasan, (iii) metode oxy acetylene (0.348) untuk pemotongan, dan (iv) metode mobile crane crawler (0.487) untuk penanganan material. Hasil analisis ekonomis (kelayakan usaha) menunjukkan bahwagreen ship-recycling yard di Kamal, Madura sebagai usaha daur-ulang kapal layak untuk dikembangkan.
ANALISA HIDRO OSEANOGRAFI PULAU LIWUNGAN UNTUK STUDI KELAYAKAN STRUKTUR DERMAGA APUNG
Authors: Sufyan Agus , Akhwady Rudhy , Risandi Johan , Syadiah Nurfitri
Published: March 2018

Kajian hidro oseanografi digunakan untuk menentukan lokasi penempatan dermaga apung yang sesuai di Pulau Liwungan Kabupaten Pandeglang-Jawa Barat.  Dermaga apung di pulau tersebut nantinya akan digunakan sebagai pendukung kegiatan wisata bahari. Penggunaan dermaga apung dipilih karena mempunyai beberapa keunggulan dibandingkan dengan dermaga konvensional, utamanya dari segi biaya dan kemudahan pemasangan. Akan tetapi, dermaga jenis ini mememerlukan kondisi fisik perairan yang spesifik. Pada studi ini, dilakukan analisa terhadap faktor fisik perairan yang berpengaruh, yaitu kondisi gelombang dan pasang surut, melalui pengamatan lapangan dan pemodelan numerik dengan MIKE 21. Gelombang signifikan pada perairan Liwungan berkisar 1,1- 2 meter dengan rata-rata 1,8 m. Pasang surut mempunyai tinggi tunggang 1,66 meter, dengan  tipe pasang surut campuran condong ke harian ganda. Hasil analisa menunjukkan letak perairan yang sesuai untuk penempatan dermaga apung berada di bagian tenggara pulau Liwungan dengan dasar perairan yang relatif lebih curam dengan kemiringan 8,5°. Lokasi tersebut relatif terlindung dari serangan gelombang  dengan tinggi gelombang maksimum pada titik pemasangan dermaga apung hanya 1,35 meter (periode ulang 25 tahun).
Dressing the Part
Authors: Johnston Isobel-Marie
Published: March 2018

A researcher with conservative clothing style could potentially confuse the women with whom she conducts research on contemporary Niddah practices, inviting accusations of unethically misrepresenting oneself to both the liberal and Orthodox communities in the Greater Phoenix Valley of Arizona, USA where the research will be conducted. This article reflects three years of wrestling with this dilemma, which has enabled the author to articulate and refine her current stance regarding researcher attire and broader ethical issues concerning power and representation in ethnographic research, as informed by her studies in critical ethnography and feminist methodologies. Drawing on Dwight Conquergood’s and D. Soyini Madison’s articulations of critical ethnography, the quality of the author’s ethnographic engagement leading up to the interviews should decode one’s attire and clarify questions about the researcher’s position, bias, and integrity. This methodology expresses itself through ethnographic strategies and interpersonal interactions with members of the communities. Additionally, this methodology requires the author and the community members to be mutually candid concerning their questions about their own menstrual practices, sex life, marital histories, and religious perspectives. More than establishing trust in the author’s emotional honesty and integrity as an academic, such candour levels the interviewer–interviewee playing field, critical for research touching on marital dynamics and sex lives. This integrates critical ethnography and interactive interview processes in terms of collaborative knowledge construction. These critical ethnographic and feminist methodologies further demand that this same degree of candour in academic communications, trust and interpersonal integrity should determine the matrix that produces the research and the researcher’s relationship with the Greater Phoenix Jewish community.
Proposal for a structured computed tomography report in the evaluation of pancreatic neoplasms based on expert opinions
Authors: Lopes Paulo Gustavo Maciel , Matsumoto Carlos Alberto , Lobo Edson José , D'Ippolito Giuseppe
Published: March 2018

Abstract Objective: To create a structured computed tomography (CT) report for the systematic evaluation of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), based on the opinions of clinicians and surgeons. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study in which we applied a 21-item questionnaire to experts in pancreatic diseases in order to create a model of a structured abdominal CT report. The questionnaire addressed the location and size of PDACs, as well as their effects on adjacent structures and on the vasculature, together with metastases. We used a Likert scale to determine which of those parameters should be included in the model. Results: A total of 18 experts (12 surgeons and 6 clinicians) from 9 institutions completed the questionnaire. All of the experts agreed that the following (if present) should be described in the CT report on a PDAC: the degree of enhancement; the diameter and location of the lesion; pancreatic duct obstruction; biliary dilatation; pancreatic atrophy; liver metastases; peritoneal nodules; ascites; lymph node enlargement; and invasion of adjacent structures. More than 80% of the experts agreed that the report should also describe the relationship between the PDAC and the surrounding vasculature. Conclusion: We have developed a template for a CT report on patients with PDAC, based on the opinions of experts involved in the treatment of such patients.
Peliosis hepatis and systemic lupus erythematosus: A rare condition identified by magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Cordeiro Rafael Alves , Hoff Leonardo Santos , Garcia Marcos Vinícius Fernandes , Leão Filho Hilton Muniz , Borba Eduardo Ferreira
Published: March 2018

Summary Peliosis hepatis is a rare benign disorder characterized by the presence of multiple cavities filled with blood with no preferential localization in the liver parenchyma. It may be related to several etiologic conditions, especially infections and toxicity of immunosuppressive drugs. To our knowledge, there are only three articles reporting the association between peliosis hepatis and systemic lupus erythematosus. In this report, we describe a case of this rare condition, highlighting the importance of magnetic resonance imaging. A short review of this subject is also presented.
THE USE OF THE FORCEPS BIOPSY AS AN AUXILIARY TECHNIQUE FOR THE VISUALIZATION OF THE MAJOR DUODENAL PAPILLA USING THE FOWARD-VIEWING UPPER ENDOSCOPY
Authors: ANDRADE Nathalia Saber de , ANDRÉ Ana Maria Félix , FERREIRA Victor Hugo Perches , FERREIRA Lincoln Eduardo Villela Vieira de Castro
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: - Conventional esophagogastroduodenoscopy is the best method for evaluation of the upper gastrointestinal tract, but it has limitations for the identification of the major duodenal papilla, even after the use of the straightening maneuver. Side-viewing duodenoscope is recommended for optimal examination of major duodenal papilla in patients at high risk for lesions in this region. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of the biopsy forceps during conventional esophagogastroduodenoscopy as an additional tool to the straightening maneuver, in the evaluation of the major duodenal papilla. METHODS: A total of 671 patients were studied between 2013 and 2015, with active major duodenal papilla search in three endoscope steps: not straightened, straightened and use of the biopsy forceps after straightening. In all of them it was recorded whether: major duodenal papilla was fully visualized (position A), partially visualized (position B) or not visualized (position C). If major duodenal papilla was not fully visualized, patients continued to the next step. RESULTS: A total of 341 were female (50.8%) with mean age of 49 years. Of the 671 patients, 324 (48.3%) major duodenal papilla was identified in position A, 112 (16.7%) in position B and 235 (35%) in position C. In the 347 patients who underwent the straightening maneuver, position A was found in 186 (53.6%), position B in 51 (14.7%) and position C in 110 (31.7%). Of the 161 remaining patients and after biopsy forceps use, position A was seen in 94 (58.4%), position B in 14 (8.7%) and position C in 53 (32.9%). The overall rate of complete visualization of major duodenal papilla was 90%. CONCLUSION: The use of the biopsy forceps significantly increased the total major duodenal papilla visualization rate by 14%, reaching 604/671 (90%) of the patients (P<0.01) and it can be easily incorporated into the routine endoscopic examination of the upper gastrointestinal tract.
MEASUREMENT OF CONTROLLED ATTENUATION PARAMETER: A SURROGATE MARKER OF HEPATIC STEATOSIS IN PATIENTS OF NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE ON LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION - A PROSPECTIVE FOLLOW-UP STUDY
Authors: PAUL Jayanta , VENUGOPAL Raj Vigna , PETER Lorance , SHETTY Kula Naresh Kumar , SHETTI Mohit P
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Liver biopsy is a gold standard method for hepatic steatosis assessment. However, liver biopsy is an invasive and painful procedure and can cause severe complications therefore it cannot be frequently used in case of follow-up of patients. Non-invasive assessment of steatosis and fibrosis is of growing relevance in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). To evaluate hepatic steatosis, transient elastography with controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) measurement is an option now days. OBJECTIVE: Aim of this study is to evaluate role of measurement of controlled attenuation parameter, a surrogate marker of hepatic steatosis in patients of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease on lifestyle modification. METHODS: In this study, initially 37 participants were included who were followed up after 6 months with transient elastography, blood biochemical tests and anthropometric measurements. The results were analyzed by Multivariate linear regression analysis and paired samples t-test (Dependent t-test) with 95% confidence interval. Correlation is calculated by Pearson correlation coefficients. RESULTS: Mean CAP value for assessing hepatic steatosis during 1st consultation (278.57±49.13 dB/m) was significantly improved (P=0.03) after 6 months of lifestyle modification (252.91±62.02 dB/m). Only fasting blood sugar (P=0.008), weight (P=0.000), body mass index (BMI) (P=0.000) showed significant positive correlation with CAP. Only BMI (P=0.034) and weight (P=0.035) were the independent predictor of CAP value in NAFLD patients. CONCLUSION: Lifestyle modification improves the hepatic steatosis, and CAP can be used to detect the improvement of hepatic steatosis during follow-up in patients with NAFLD on lifestyle modification. There is no relation between CAP and Fibroscan score in NAFLD patients. Only BMI and weight can predict CAP value independently.
DRAIN AMYLASE LEVELS MAY INDICATE GASTROJEJUNOSTOMY LEAKS AFTER ROUX-EN-Y GASTRIC BYPASS
Authors: RIBEIRO Igor Braga , GESTIC Martinho Antonio , UTRINI Murillo Pimentel , CHAIM Felipe David Mendonça , CHAIM Elinton Adami , CAZZO Everton
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Although the incidence of leaks after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) significantly decreased over time, their detection still remains challenging. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the usefulness of drain amylase levels to detect leaks after RYGB. METHODS: This is a population-based study which enrolled 170 individuals who underwent RYGB. Drain amylase levels were determined on the first and fourth postoperative days. Two thresholds were evaluated: three times higher than the serum levels (parameter I) and higher than 250 IU/L (parameter II). The main outcomes evaluated were perioperative morbidity, the occurrence of leaks, 30-day readmissions and reoperations, hospital stay, and mortality. RESULTS: Considering the parameter I, high drain amylase levels were significantly associated with leaks (12.5% vs 0; P<0.00001). Considering the parameter II, high drain amylase levels were significantly associated with longer hospital stay (8±5.7 vs 4.5±1.3 days; P=0.00032), 30-day reoperations (50% vs 3%; P=0.000285), and leaks (50% vs 0; P<0.00001). The parameter I presented a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 95.9%, whereas the parameter II presented a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 99.4%. CONCLUSION: The determination of drain amylase levels after RYGB was a significant indicator of leaks, hospital stay, and 30-day reoperations. This finding reinforces the importance of abdominal drainage in the RYGB within this context.
PREVALENCE OF CELIAC DISEASE PREDISPOSING GENOTYPES, INCLUDING HLA-DQ2.2 VARIANT, IN BRAZILIAN CHILDREN
Authors: SELLESKI Nicole , ALMEIDA Lucas Malta , ALMEIDA Fernanda Coutinho de , PRATESI Claudia Beatriz , NÓBREGA Yanna Karla de Medeiros , GANDOLFI Lenora
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Celiac disease is an autoimmune enteropathy triggered by the ingestion of gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. Almost all celiac patients carry immune recognition genes coding for HLA-DQ2.5 and DQ8 heterodimers. Over the last few years, great importance has been given to HLA-DQ2.2 as probable predisposing variant, although controversies still exist regarding its relevance. OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to determine the possible existence of an association between HLA-DQ2.2 and celiac disease in Brazilian children by analyzing the prevalence of the predisposing variants for celiac disease in a representative group of children of a population in which this determination is still missing. METHODS: HLA-DQ typing was performed in samples from a group of celiac (n=100) and non-celiac children (n=110). All samples were tested for the presence of the following variants: DQA1*05-DQB1*02 (DQ2.5), DQA1*03-DQB1*03:02 (DQ8) and DQA1*02:01-DQB1*02:02 (DQ2.2). Fisher`s exact test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: In the group of 100 celiac children, 78 (78%) were positive for DQ2, 13 (13 %) were DQ2/DQ8 and 6 (6%) were DQ8 positives. The HLA-DQ pattern in the 110 non-celiac children was as follows: positive for DQ2 in 33 (29.9%) samples, in 2 (1.8 %) was positive for DQ2/DQ8 and in 15 (13.6%) was positive for DQ8. We found significant differences between the distribution of some but not all of the analyzed alleles when comparing celiac and non-celiac children. CONCLUSION: The genotyping of celiac disease HLA-DQ predisposing alleles showed similarities with HLA-DQ patterns found in both European and non-European populations, which may be a reflection of the miscegenation, which gave origin to the current Brazilian population. No significant association was found between DQ2.2 variant and celiac disease in the studied population.
Analyzing the concept of fluid overload in Chronic Kidney Disease patients in dialysis therapy: an integrative review
Authors: Fernandes Maria Isabel da Conceição Dias , Enders Bertha Cruz , Lira Ana Luisa Brandão de Carvalho
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze the concept of fluid overload in Chronic Kidney Disease patients undergoing dialysis therapy and comparing it to the Nursing Diagnosis of Excess fluid volume present in the NANDA International. Method An integrative literature review carried out in the LILACS, CINAHL and SCOPUS databases. Results The sample was comprised of 22 articles. The defining attributes of the concept were: fluid retention, fluid buildup in the body, and weight gain over a short period; while the attributes composing the definition were: fluid retention in the body (intracellular/extracellular space) expressed by weight gain over short period of time. Twenty-one (21) antecedents and 22 consequents of fluid overload in patients with renal disease in dialysis therapy were identified. Conclusion The definition evidenced by the NANDA International taxonomy for the Excess fluid volume Nursing Diagnosis and the components of this diagnosis need to be complemented in order to better target the care of patients with kidney disease undergoing dialysis therapy.
Gender norms among “Landless” youth: evidence for the social practice of nursing
Authors: Zanatta Luiz Fabiano , Ruiz-Cantero Maria Tereza , Chilet-Rossel Elisa , Álvarez-Dardet Carlos , Brêtas José Roberto da Silva
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT Objective Analyzing the relationship between socio-demographic characteristics of youth from the Landless Rural Workers’ Movement in Brazil (MST) regarding the prevalence ratio being in accordance with gender norms. Method A cross-sectional study conducted during a Journey of Agroecology carried out in the State of Paraná with young people (15 to 29 years) of both genders. Data collection was conducted through questionnaires. Data analysis compared variables regarding gender norms with sociodemographic variables, and a Prevalence Ratio (PR) was calculated with a confidence interval (CI) set at 95% in order to determine this relationship. Results The study sample was comprised of 147 young people. A higher prevalence was found in accordance with gender norms (PR with CI at 95%) among women compared to men, and that sociodemographic characteristics (lower education level, those living in occupation camps, who do not have white skin and with religious belief) were social indicators for such positioning among both genders. Conclusion The byproduct of a patriarchal gender system has led more young girls to internalization and a reaffirmation of gender norms, highlighting an important field for social nursing practices in order to contribute to the transformation of this reality.