bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Radiation Enhancement Using Circular Split Ring Meta-Surface Mirror for a Small Patch Resonator
Authors: Ezanuddin A.A.M. , Ismail A.H. , Azmi E.I.
Published: December 2015

This paper investigate the radiation efficiency enhancement for a small square patch resonator with the integration of single layer circular split ring metasurface mirror (CSRMM) operating at 5.8 GHz using Transmission Line Matrix (TLM) method. The single layer CSRMM provide an appropriate reflection phase to act as a mirror and is able to enhance the resonator gain and efficiency. This work shows a linear phase response from 5.8 GHz to 5.9929 GHz that is sufficient for 50 Ω wireless communication system operation. A siginificant improvement of 0.391 to 0.741 dBi IEEE gain over the whole frequency range was demonstrated. The resonator has an initial radiation efficiency of 0.246 and incremented to 0.406 once CSRMM is inserted. The resonator small size configuration provides adequate space for mounting the mirror close to the resonator, making it more fitting for modern wireless devices.
Keystroke Dynamics for Construction Industry: A Review on Biometric Systems
Authors: Syed Idrus Syed Zulkarnain , Al Hadi Azremi Abdullah , Eh Kan Phak Len Al , Sudin Suhizaz , Kamarudin Hussin
Published: December 2015

Keystroke dynamics is known to be able to recognise a person associated with their way of typing on a computer keyboard. It is a fea-sible and useful method as an additional component to safety measures for identity verification. Previous studies show how keystroke dynamics can help to improve the recognition systems. Users behaviour when typ-ing, illustrates individual characteristics behind the computer screen. In this paper, we propose to use this application or technology along with a keypad to determine the construction workers’ attitude during work-ing hours, whether they have been working within a reasonable time or otherwise. This could possibly be a way to monitor their validity period while working.
Keywords: Biometrics, keystroke dynamics, pattern recognition, construction.
3D Stress Analysis of ITER Tokamak Assembly
Authors: Hafiz M. , Afendi Mohd
Published: December 2015

International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) is build based on the ‘tokamak’ concept of magnetic confinement, in which the plasma is contained in a doughnut-shaped vacuum vessel which powered up by the fuel of a mixture of deuterium and tritium. The two isotopes of hydrogen are then heated to a certain temperatures in excess of 150 million °C, forming hot plasma. The Blanket Module (BM) is arranged around the plasma to provide thermal and nuclear shielding for the vacuum vessel (VV), magnets, and other external component. Therefore, it is important to determine parameter that would affect the development process of BM. Analysis is very important in the design process for the ITER BM as well as nearby components. So a finite element model was developed on the BM and the detail part of the BM was developed using computer aided design (CAD) software. The detail part was inserted into the VV and several simulations were performed to find out the stress distribution within the wall of the BM. The constraint condition was find out and evaluated. The result shows that the maximum shear stress is 539.97MPa which exceed the allowable value of 515MPa. The result shows some acceptable stress levels in most of the analysed geometry. The result obtained was used to further modify the BM design in the cases where limits are exceeded.
The Effects on the Cure Characteristics and Physical Properties of Bamboo Activated Carbon Filled Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) Compounds
Authors: Munirah N.R. , Noriman N.Z. , Zakaria Muhammad Salihin , Kamarudin Hussin , Fatin M.H. , Ting Sam Sung , Mustafa Al Bakri A.M.
Published: December 2015

The role of activated carbon (AC) in rubber compounds was investigated to better understand the reinforcing mechanism. The activated carbon filled styrene butadiene rubber vulcanizates (SBR-AC) using bamboo activated carbon as filler were prepared by using two-roll mill and cured at 160 °C. AC filler loading from 10 to 50 phr (part per hundred rubber) were used in this study. Study into the influences of filler loading on the cure characteristics, swelling behaviour and physical properties (hardness and resilience) of SBR-AC vulcanizates were carried out. It was observed that SBR-AC vulcanizates has better cure characteristics compared to the styrene butadiene rubber gum vulcanizate (SBR-GV) which is a non-filled vulcanizate. The results showed that the scorch time (ts2) decreased with increasing filler loading. The cure time (tc90) slightly decreased up to 20 phr before a rise as the filler loading increased. The minimum torque (ML) of SBR vulcanizate increased and the maximum torque (MH) decreased up to 20 phr but then increased with increasing filler loading. The cure rate index (CRI) of SBR-GV vulcanizate was higher than that of all SBR-AC vulcanizates. Up to 20 phr of filler loading, the CRI increased before a decline occurred as the filler loading increased. As expected, the hardness value of SBR-AC vulcanizates was higher compared to SBR-GV vulcanizate which has lower resilience. The hardness and crosslink density showed an increasing trend meanwhile the resilience was adversely affected by the increase in filler loading. Bamboo activated carbon showed some potential enhancement on the reinforcing and physical properties of the vulcanizates.
Circular Split Ring Meta-Surfaces Variation Study as Surface Wave Suppressor
Authors: Ezanuddin A.A.M. , Ismail A.H. , Azmi E.I.
Published: December 2015

This work focuses on three different edge variation modified on the same circular split ring (CSR) longest arm of metallo dielectric periodic structure and its corresponding electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) behaviour as an alternative step to suppress surface wave. Three variants of circular split ring were studied to fulfill the requirements: Normal edge, triangular tip and tapered tip. These structures were optimized using Eigenmode Solver (EmS) with Advanced Krylov Subspace (AKS) method for full wave dispersion diagram. Final results shows a stable and good EBG region achieved from this CSR specifically within the 5.9 to 6 GHz region. The normal tip CSR that has a stable and good bandgap exits from 5.9265 GHz to 5.9516 GHz in between mode 5 and 6. While the triangular tip CSR bandgap is from 6.0214 GHz to 6.0378 GHz and tapered tip is from 6.0214 GHz to 6.0378 GHz.
Overview of Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm and its Applications in Industrial Problems
Authors: Zainal Nurezayana , Zain Azlan Mohd , Sharif S.
Published: December 2015

Artificial fish swarm algorithm (AFSA) is a class of swarm intelligent optimization algorithm stimulated by the various social behaviors of fish in search of food. AFSA can search for global optimum through local optimum value search of each individual fish effectively based on simulating of fish-swarm behaviors such as searching, swarming, following and bulletin. This paper presents an overview of AFSA algorithm by describing the evolution of the algorithm along with all the improvements and its combinations with various algorithms and methods as well as its applications in solving industrial problems.
The Development and Implementation Lean Manufacturing in Indonesian Furniture Industry
Authors: Suhardi Bambang , Sahadewo Akiyumas , Laksono Pringgo Widyo
Published: December 2015

This research discusses about the principles of lean manufacturing in furniture export industries. The aim of this research is to improve productivity by reducing waste which exists in the production floor. This research discusses about the implementation of Value Stream Mapping (VSM) as waste initial identification instrument, standardization work, and Single Minute Exchange of Die (SMED) as an analysis tool and improvement implementation. Both of that methods are conducted in this research. This research is practically applicable and proven to be able to reduce waste which exists in production floor and to improve the factory’s productivity.
Optimization of Surface Roughness in Turning Operation Using Firefly Algorithm
Authors: Johari Nur Farahlina , Zain Azlan Mohd , Mustaffa Noorfa Haszlinna , Udin Amirmudin
Published: December 2015

Recently, Firefly Algorithm (FA) has become an important technique to solve optimization problems. Various FA variants have been developed to suit various applications. In this paper, FA is used to optimize machining parameters such as % Volume fraction of SiC (V), cutting speed (S), feed rate (F), depth of cut (D) and machining time (T). The optimal machining cutting parameters estimated by FA that lead to a minimum surface roughness are validated using ANOVA test.
Green Aircraft Technology Imperatives for Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Djojodihardjo Harijono
Published: December 2015

Commercial aviation is experiencing the fast growth exceeding automotive travel; the latter is well known for contributing to air pollution. Commercial aviation impacts climate by two main avenues: the emission of greenhouse gases and cloud effects. While the former impact is similar to other activities that contribute to anthropogenic climate change, the latter is unique to aviation. Anthropogenic solutions that can be offered by Aerospace Technology to address anthropogenic environmental changes, known as green technology initiatives, may only provide partial or temporary solutions. In the efforts to intervene such process and thus maintaining the sustainability of the earth’s environment, some scientific and technological guidelines to comprehend the natural phenomena and global changes are reviewed and discussed. Selected efforts devoted to aircraft technology and aviation, for maintaining the sustainability of the earth’s environment are elaborated. Particular considerations are given to fuel burn affecting greenhouse gases and cloud effects due to trailing vortices and hence contrail.
Pressure Generated from Head Garment with Padding Insert Used for Hypertrophic Scar Treatment
Authors: Aiman A.F. , Salleh M.N. , Ismail K.A.
Published: December 2015

Pressure garment is a standard non-surgical treatment for hypertrophic scar caused by burn injury. However, the main problem identified was the non-uniform pressure distribution due to the complexity of the contour at the facial area. Therefore, padding was developed to produce more efficient pressure distribution. This study used 3D scanning apparatus to obtain the cross sections of the facial area. The padding was developed using 3D modeling software which act as an insert to fill the gaps at the contact area of the garment and facial areas. The result shows that by inserting the padding underneath the garment, the pressure outputs indicate an acceptable pressure range with the suitable reduction factor for the head garment fabrication.
Buffer Allocation Using 6 Steps Oba Method: A Case Study
Authors: Ismail M.S. , Muhammad Noorhafiza , Hussain M.I. , Mohd Zain Zuraidah , Ahmad R.
Published: December 2015

This paper utilized a simulation software to determine an optimal buffer allocation for any unpaced production line when a set of buffer quantity is known. The optimal buffer allocation will give the highest throughput rate (productivity) to the production line. From the simulation result, a trend of relation between mean processing time (μ) trend of the stations in the production line and buffer allocation configuration of the buffer slots were studied. It was concluded that for any unpaced production line, the best throughput rate of the production line will be obtained if the buffer allocation configuration follow the mean processing time (μ) trend. By applying this concept, a mathematical relation was formed results in a development of a technique called 6 Steps OBA (optimal buffer allocation) method . In order to validate the result from this 6 Steps OBA method, a case study was carried out in one of the multinational electronics company in Malaysia (Company S). An unpaced and u-unbalanced production line was selected and this line was producing a product which is known as model A. In this production line, a few possible buffer allocations quantity were allocated on each buffer slots including buffer allocation suggested by 6 Steps OBA method. For each buffer allocation possibilities, the actual production line productivity (throughput rate) was recorded and compared to validate that the best line throughput rate was the buffer allocation suggested by the 6 Steps OBA method. From the overall result, it was proven that the 6 Steps OBA method will give a maximum throughput rate to a production line.
Simulation and Experimental Studies on Optimum Barrel Length for High Impact Penetrator
Authors: Hilmi Ahmad Humaizi , Ismail Ariffin , Firdaus Mohd
Published: December 2015

The primary purpose of this project is about simulation and experimental studies for optimum barrel length of a high impact penetrator.This project uses the concept of two-stage light gas gun modified by using shaped charge at the first stage. Sacrificial barrel is the important part for this project. The combination of sacrificial barrel with piston serves to compress the air along the barrel at appropriate pressure. It produces sufficient amount of pressure to rupture the rupture disc and the pressure will force the projectile to travel through the barrel. There is some parameter to be investigated such as volume of air in pump barrel, strength of rupture disc and location of the piston in the sacrificial barrel. Some method is use such as calculation to determine the suitable length for the sacrificial barrel and the thickness of the rupture disc. The parameter will be use to perform simulation that will result in amount of the pressure and velocity of projectile that can be produced. The comparison result from simulation and experimental testing on the condition of sacrificial barrel and piston is obtained in this study. The significance of this project is more on the cost because this project only uses an atmospheric air as a mechanism to launch a projectile. More than that, high impact penetrator can reduce space because it is smaller compare to light gas gun.
Design Specification Determination with Collaborative Approach for Indonesian Short Wheelbase Recumbent Bicycle
Authors: Suhardi Bambang , Priadythama Ilham , Fitriyani Cindy W.
Published: December 2015

Determination of specification for product development is useful, as it includes an overview of product-related information. However, it is not an easy thing, especially for new and innovative product. In the view of designer as the subject who has never made the product, he needs to work closely with the manufacturer so that the concept can be designed to become a feasible product. In addition, in order to reduce product design life cycle and minimize design errors, the designer needs to communicate and collaborate with the manufacturer. This research proposes a design specification based on the paradigm of Concurrent Engineering (CE) from Collaborative Product Development (CPD) strategy in the development of a new ergonomically designed Short Wheel Base (SWB) Recumbent Bicycle. This collaborative process involved an expert from bicycle practitioner which already had experience in building custom bicycle. The result of this study is a frame set design of the bicycle which considers human anthropometry and the detail list of its components. Beside of that, the process of collaboration with practitioners bicycle produces 37% change in the components used and 3 changes in shape of design SWB Recumbent Bicycle.
The Satisfaction Preferences Measurement of Profile Design
Authors: Sihombing Haeryip , Jaafar Rosidah , Yuhazri M.Yaakob
Published: December 2015

The purpose of this study is to identify the quality of the product and the key product features based on customer satisfaction through the Kansei Engineering (KE) and Kano Model (KM). There were 509 respondents involved in this survey to answer the questionnaires developed that contains of 8 shampoo bottles design, 6 words representing emotional quality based on Kansei Words (such as Dull~Attractive; Difficult to Use ~ Easy to Use; Common ~ Unique; Stiff ~ Elegant; Complicated ~ Simple; Awkward ~ Comfortable), and 6 questions towards functional and dysfunctional attributes of quality based Kano method. Mostly of survey respondents feels that the proposed of shampoo bottle designs as 'Indifferent' (I) quality attributes. Also, the results showed that of the “K2” (in-out mechanism toward liquid inside the shampoo bottle) using 'flip top' cap is mostly having siginificant correlation with the design in the eyes of customers based on 'Stiff ~ Elegant' (SE), 'Difficult ~ Easy' to use (DE) and 'Dull ~ Attractive' (DA). This study found and showed the design of products can be interpreted using Kansei Words towards what the articulation of the design profile that represented the customers' emotional design.
Mathematical Modelling of Surface Roughness on Tropical Wood Machining Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Mohruni Amrifan Saladin , Yanis M. , Sundari E. , Budiman A.Y. , Martomi E.S.
Published: December 2015

Surface roughness is an important indicator to assess the surface processing quality and has a decisive impact on the furniture finishing effects. In this research, the application of response surface methodology (RSM) has been carried out for modelling and analysing of influences in the sanding process on wood materials. Surface roughness parameter Ra showed surface characteristics of Tembesu, Jati and Petanang. This study is aimed to observe the effect of feed rate and grit size on Ra. The central composite design (CCD) was used as a design of experiment (DOE). There were 8 runs at factorial points and additional 5 replicated runs at the centre point. The sanding process was done using a modified horizontal milling machine. The results are statistically analysed by using Design Expert software. It was found that increasing of feed rate had a positive effect on the roughness value of Ra and greater feed rates increased the surface roughness. On the other hand, grit size influenced negative effect. Larger grit size affected the smoother surface roughness. At the end of this study, it was also revealed that the optimum machining conditions in terms of feed rate and grit size were 17 mm/min and 240 for Tembesu and Jati, while Petanang was 18.63 mm/min and 226.52.
A Study of Tool Motion in 2 Dimensional Ultrasonic Assisted Micro-Milling
Authors: Ibrahim Mohd Rasidi , Rafai Noor Hakim , Rahim Erween Abd. , Cheng Kai , Ding Hui
Published: December 2015

This paper present a study of the 2 dimensional ultrasonic vibration assisted micro-milling (UVAM) focused on the tool motion shape and tool trajectory. The cutting characteristics in 2 dimensional are in view by considering the trajectory of the amplitude of vibration towards tool locus into the workpiece during the tool rotation are explore in depth. The vibration platform travel in Xf direction known as a feedrate movement, thus the X and Y axis vibration generate simultaneously through the workpiece surfaces. Amplitude value acting on X and Y axis proposed a major effect as it will effectively change the shape of tool trajectory between oval and eclipse. This investigation found the major advantages of UVAM is come from the alternating cycle’s gap phenomena between tool and workpiece. The reduction of prediction of cutting force and the thinning chip thickness formations has been observe during the investigation. The theoretical finding will be discussing the potential to extended tool life, surface roughness and material removal rate in the conclusion for future research plan.
Fiber Length Optimization of Ring Cavity Multi-Wavelength Brillouin Fiber Laser Utilizing Fiber Bragg Grating
Authors: Malek A. Zakiah , Ahmad Hambali N.A.M. , Wahid M.H.A. , Azidin M.A.M. , Mat Isa Siti Salwa , Shahimin M.M.
Published: December 2015

In this paper, we experimentally investigated the performance of ring cavity multi-wavelength Brillouin fiber laser utilizing fiber Bragg grating which operated in the C-band wavelength region. The combination of stimulated Brillouin scattering and selective wavelengths gave a new invention in the optical fiber communication. Five different lengths of single mode fiber are used in order to get the best gain medium for stimulated Brillouin scattering effect. Up to 33 of Brillouin Stokes signals and 31 of anti-Stokes signals were obtained when 10 km fiber length was used in the laser system. The average value optical signal to noise ratio of 15 dB has been achieved. The broadening bandwidth of Brillouin Stokes signals also occurred at the center wavelength of 1550 nm based on the 3 dB bandwidth of 5 nm fiber Bragg grating.
Comparative Characteristics between L-Band EDFA, L-Band EDFA Utilising Single FBG and Dual Stage L-Band EDFA Utilising Dual FBG Configurations
Authors: Zainudin M. Safuan , Ahmad Hambali N.A.M. , Seong Goh Chee , Hurera M. Shakirin Abu , Roshidah N. , Wahid M.H.A. , Shahimin M.M. , Malek A. Zakiah
Published: December 2015

The development was conducted with three configurations of L-Band EDFA, L-Band EDFA utilising Single FBG and Dual Stage L-Band EDFA utilising Dual FBG. The configurations utilising the FBG using 35 meter M-12 Fibercore EDF as the gain medium to amplify the input signal power in the L-band region. The gain enhancement has shown by the Dual Stage L-Band EDFA utilising Dual FBG by injecting low input signal power of -10 dBm. The flat amplitude of OSNR at 33.358 dB was produced at injected wavelength from 1570 nm to 1605 nm.
Energy Saving Switched-Mode Regulator in Motorcycle Power Supply
Authors: Che Husin Mohd Fikri , Abu Bakar Faizah , Hasan A.F. , Ismail Rizalafande , Yusof Tg Muhd Aiman Tg Mohd , Hashim Mohd Norhafiz , Mohd Radzi Muhd. Firdaus
Published: December 2015

A new approach to designing Switched-Mode Power Supply (SMPS) for motorcycle power supply is presented. It uses an alternative way to efficiently regulate power output from a stator generator instead of using conventional Power Rectifier Regulator (PRR). Energy saving switch mode regulator shown the fuel consumption were less used compared using conventional PRR from several experiments using an alpha prototype of SMPS.
Optimization of L-Band Ring Cavity Brillouin Erbium Fiber Laser
Authors: Yusof N. Roshidah , Ahmad Hambali N.A.M. , Othman R. , Mokhzani W. , Wahid M.H.A.
Published: December 2015

In this paper, the performance of ring cavity Brillouin Erbium fiber laser (BEFL) within L-band wavelength region are discussed. Introducing Erbium doped fiber as a secondary gain medium into conventional Brillouin fiber laser configuration is the best alternative to maximize the Brillouin Stokes power (output power) and to sustain the gain flatness. Few parameters comprising length of fiber, pump power and tunable laser source power are varied to obtain the optimum output power. From the simulation process, a maximum Brillouin Stokes power of 54.75 dBm is produced as 16 dBm Brillouin pump power and 1480 nm pump laser are injected to the configuration.
High Speed All-Photonic Flip-Flop Operation at a Single Wavelength
Authors: Sahbudin U. K. , Wahid M.H.A. , Azidin M.A.M. , Ahmad Hambali N.A.M. , Yusof N.R. , Shahimin M.M.
Published: December 2015

This work is based on dual Mach-Zehnder interferometer with semiconductor optical amplifiers in both arms. The proposed flip-flop operates at a single wavelength. A bidirectional coupler is placed at the end of the system to observe the output at set and reset terminals. The signals modulate the injected photon rate in the SOAs thus forming photonic flip-flop function. The photon injection rate is modulated due to self-gain modulation and self-phase modulation that occur in the SOAs towards demonstrating optical bistability. Switching between states of the flip-flop occur at full width half maximum of 32 ps. The output power of this flip-flop is around 24.5 mW. It is observed that the switching energy can be adjusted to a low level by decreasing the injected currents into the SOAs. The injection and the input power are the two parameters that govern the whole operation of the designed flip-flop.
Room Access Control System Using Facial Image Recognition
Authors: Lim Resmana , Rotinsuluand Frans , Santoso Petrus
Published: December 2015

The aim of the project is to implement a facial recognition system for access control to enter a room. The facial image captured by a webcam and then be detected/tracked using Haar face tracking algorithm. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) algorithm have been used for face recognition. The system was tested with 10 users from the member of a laboratory room. Each user registered 100 images for training of the PCA and LDA. The recognition rate achieved using PCA was 70% and 97% for LDA.
Leak Detection in Gas Pipeline Using Hilbert-Huang Transform
Authors: Adnan Nurul Fatiehah , Ghazali Mohd Fairusham , Amin Makeen M. , Hamat A.M.A.
Published: December 2015

This paper proposes a leak detection method using acoustic. The Hamming chirp signal injected into the pipeline system and the estimation of the leak location from the delay time passing by the reflection in the pipeline if there is a leak. By using Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT), it can give a useful signal to verify the leak. HHT transforms Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) and Hilbert Spectrum analysis to perform time-frequency analysis. The leak location can be detected by multiplying by the speed of sound. This simple method gives accurate leak location and easy to implement.
Real-Time Self-Tuning Speed Controller: Performance Comparison between Engine Fuelled with Palm Methyl Esters and Petroleum Diesel
Authors: Azuwir M.N. , Saad Mohd Sazli , Zakaria Mohd Zakimi
Published: December 2015

This paper investigates the performance of a real-time self-tuning speed controller designed to track and regulate at various engine speeds. The controller was tested with an automotive engine fuelled with petroleum diesel and and palm oil biodiesel (Palm Methyl Esters) within speed range of 1800 rpm to 2400 rpm. A self-tuning control algorithm based on pole assignment method together with on-line model parameters estimation strategy based on the recursive least squares method are adopted. The ability of the controller to track, regulate at various engine speed and also to reject disturbances applied for both type of fuel are compared and presented. The results confirmed that the controller performed very satisfactorily.
Overview of Harmony Search (HS) Algorithm for Green Manufacturing Industries
Authors: Mat Deris Ashanira , Zain Azlan Mohd , Salehuddin Roselina , Sharif Safian
Published: December 2015

The successful optimization process of machining parameters is significantly important to the green manufacturing industries. However, the optimization process of machining problem is difficult to solve using conventional optimization techniques. Hence, the computational approach methodology such as Harmony Search (HS) is considered as an alternative way for optimization process in manufacturing industries. This paper discusses the overview of Harmony Search (HS) to optimize the machining parameters in machining process. Example of previous works that applied HS algorithm in machining optimization problems are also discussed.
Gravitational Search Algorithm for Engineering: A Review
Authors: Kamaruzaman Anis Farhan , Mohd Zain Azlan , Yusuf Suhaila Mohamed , Yusof Noordin Mohd
Published: December 2015

This paper presents a review on gravitational search algorithm (GSA). Nowadays, GSA has been used in various engineering studies such as production cost, production time, power consumption and emission. The GSA also mainly focuses to solve the problem related to optimization, modeling, scheduling and clustering. This paper also highlights the current researches using improved GSA.
Effectiveness of Safety Management in Oil and Gas Project
Authors: Othman Idris , Napiah M. , Nuruddin M.F. , Klufallah M.M.A.
Published: December 2015

The industry of oil and gas will be always constantly adapting to changes over time, whether in terms of technology, market demands or price thus increase the operational risk and danger in the operation. The purpose of this research is to study on the current practices of safety management implemented in the upstream part in the industry and its effectiveness, altogether to emphasize on the importance of safety management system in the industry. This research focus on the implemented safety management in upstream sector of oil and gas industry especially in PETRONAS Carigali Sdn. Bhd in Malaysia and evaluate and investigate its effectiveness. Questionnaire survey is conducted regarding safety and the data and results gained from the survey are analysed using the Relative Importance Index (RII) and also by using Average Index (AI). The research put safety management as the main factor in preventing and reducing accidents and incidents to occur in industries of the oil and gas and emphasize on awareness and importance of managing safety in oil and gas industry.
Effectiveness of Human Resource Utilization in Oil and Gas Project
Authors: Othman Idris , Napiah M. , Nuruddin M.F. , Klufallah M.M.A.
Published: December 2015

Employees are very important to every organization. This study attempts to examine the effectiveness of current human resource management utilization and practices in oil and gas projects in Malaysia, as well as to study the importance of having effective human resource management practices utilization. The human resource management practices namely training and development, performance appraisal, compensation, employee empowerment and ownership as well as work environment are the main practices that has being focused. A questionnaire form has been distributed to the employees of PETRONAS Carigali SDN BHD (PCSB), a leading oil and gas operator in Malaysia including their contractors.
Cure Characteristics and Physical Properties of Imperata cylindrica Activated Carbon Filled SMR L Compounding
Authors: Fatin M.H. , Noriman N.Z. , Husin Kamarudin , Salihin M.Z. , Munirah N.R. , Hanafi Ismail , Mustafa Al Bakri A.M. , Ting Sam Sung
Published: December 2015

The potential of activated carbon as a filler in rubber compound has been reviewed .Cure characteristics and physical properties of ImperataCylindrica activated carbon filled natural rubber of Standard Malaysian Rubber (SMR L) were studied. SMR L was used as the elastomer and the composition of filler loading were varied from 0-50 parts per hundred rubber (phr). A semi-efficient vulcanization system was used throughout the study. The cure characteristics of the rubber compound was determined by using rheometer. The samples of hardness and resilience were measured by durometer shore A and Wallace Dunlop Tripsometer. Cure characteristics showed that cure time, t90 and scorch time,t2 increased as increased filler loading which indicate poor interaction between rubber and filler which slow down the vulcanization time. Minimum torque,ML and maximum torque,MH increased as increased filler loading due to the low processability of the SMR L compounds. Crosslink density and hardness exhibit increment as increased filler loading due to increase rigidity of the SMR L compounds. The resilience will decrease correspondingly as increased in rigidity of the compounds.
Energy and Environment Implications of Long-Term Power Development Involving Renewable Energy: A Case of Timor Island, Indonesia
Authors: Tanoto Yusak , Rohi Daniel
Published: December 2015

This paper presents a long-term electricity energy supply-demand model of Timor Island, Indonesia. Implications of projected demand growth within the observed area towards the available supply as well as the amount of CO2 emission is taken into account. As its main objective is to review and to present initial comparison of the long-term electricity planning prepared by the utility, the analysis is carried out using the bottom-up energy system model. Unlike the common electricity long-term demand projection that is usually constructed based on the factors related to the electricity growth, the model is developed based on the simple projection considering historical electricity demand users. According to the analysis, the planned power plants would not able to meet the elecricity demand in the case of high growth demand scenario. The variation of CO2 emission that is obtained from the considered scenarios is also shown.
Behaviour of Axially Loaded Composite Wall Panel by Using Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Isa Nur Fitriah , Mohd Zahid Mohd Zulham Affandi , Sofri Liyana Ahmad , Zainol Norrazman Zaiha , Azizi Azizan Muhammad , Ahmad Muhammad Munsif , Ab Manaf Mohd Badrul Hisyam , Mohammad Zaki Mohd Faiz , Abdul Rahim Mustaqqim , Md Ghazaly Zuhayr
Published: December 2015

In order to promote the efficient use of composite materials in civil engineering infrastructure, effort is being directed at the development of design criteria for composite structures. Insofar as design with regard to behavior is concerned, it is well known that a key step is to investigate the influence of geometric differences on the non-linear behavior of the panels. One possible approach is to use the validated numerical model based on the non-linear finite element analysis (FEA). The validation of the composite panel’s element using Trim-deck and Span-deck steel sheets under axial load shows that the present results have very good agreement with experimental references. The developed finite element (FE) models are found to reasonably simulate load-displacement response, stress condition, giving percentage of differences below than 15% compared to the experimental values. Trim-deck design provides better axial resistance than Span-deck. More concrete in between due to larger area of contact is the factor that contributes to its resistance.
Effect of Recycled Nitrile Glove (rNBRg) Particle Sizes on Curing Characteristics and Physical Properties of Natural Rubber/Styrene Butadiene Rubber/Recycled Nitrile Glove (NR/SBR/rNBRg) Blends
Authors: Nik Yahya N.Z. , Zulkepli Nik Noriman , Kamarudin Hussin , Ismail Hanafi , Ting Sam Sung , Jamalul Nasir Muhammad Ridhwan , Abdullah Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri , Hamzah Rosniza
Published: December 2015

Effects of different particle sizes of recycled nitrile glove (rNBRg) on curing characteristics and physical properties of natural rubber/styrene butadiene rubber/recycled nitrile glove (NR/SBR/rNBRg) blends were studied. The particle sizes of rNBRg were differentiated by the method of producing. S1 was obtained by cutting the rNBRg (whole glove) into smaller sheet; S2 was obtained by passing rNBRg through 2 rolls mill for 10 times; S3 was obtained by passing rNBRg through 2 rolls mill for 10 times and then mechanically grinded. NR/SBR/rNBRg blends were prepared at 50/30/20 composition using two roll mill at room temperature, with different particle sizes, rNBRg (S1), rNBRg (S2) and rNBRg (S3). Scorch time, cure time, minimum torque, maximum torque, crosslink density and hardness of the blends were examined. Results indicated that scorch time, cure time and minimum torque decreased as the rNBRg particle size decreased, while maximum torque and crosslink density increased. The rigidity of NR/SBR/rNBRg blends increased when smaller rNBRg particles were used, which explained the increased in hardness and decreased in resilience of the blends.
The Properties of Linear Low Density Polyethylene/Cyperus Odoratus (LLDPE/CY) Blends: Effect of Sodium Hydroxide
Authors: Nik Abdullah Nik Ahmad Faris , Zulkepli Nik Noriman , Ting Sam Sung , Abdullah Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri , Hussin Kamarudin , Hamzah Rosniza
Published: December 2015

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of treated Cyperus Odoratus (CY) with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) on the properties of biodegradable plastics made from linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE)/CY blends. Alkali treatments for natural fibers can increased adhesion between the hydrophilic fibers and hydrophobic matric. After CY was treated with 5% NaOH solution, it can be seen that the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of the LLDPE/CY blends significantly increased. Therefore, alkali treatments can be considered in modifying the properties of natural fibers.
Compression Characterization of Polyurethane Foams with Different Formulations of Polyol and MDI
Authors: Adnan Sinar Arzuria , Zainuddin Firuz , Akil Hazizan Md. , Hj Ahmad Sahrim
Published: December 2015

Rigid polyurethane (PU) foams were prepared with palm oil based polyols (POP) and methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) in order to archieve rigid formulations. The effect of the different amount of MDI (1 wt.%, 1.1 wt.% and 2 wt.%) were studied in density, compressive strength and energy absorption. It was found that the higher compressive strength of the PU foams showed at 1.604 MPa whereas the amount of MDI increased to 1.1 wt. %. The increased amount of MDI to 2 wt.% showed the higher value in density (0.0531 kg/m3) and energy absorption with 46.490 J for 70 % displacement.
Properties of Cement-Based Material Consisting Shredded Rubber as Drainage Material
Authors: Ahmad Muhammad Munsif , Ahmad Fauziah , Azmi Mastura , Mohd Zahid Mohd Zulham Affandi , Ab Manaf Mohd Badrul Hisyam , Isa Nur Fitriah , Zainol Norrazman Zaiha , Azizi Azizan Muhammad , Muhammad Khairunnisa , Sofri Liyana Ahmad
Published: December 2015

Waste tyre caused disposal problem in country all over the world. A lot of research has been done to make use of recycled tyre rubber to minimize waste tyre disposal problem. Recycled tyre rubber has been widely used for civil engineering application such as lightweight concrete and asphalt pavement. However only a few study focused on the development of material using recycled tyre rubber as drainage material for geotechnical purposes. This paper presents the experimental on properties of cement-based material consisting recycled tyre rubber. Specimens were prepared by incorporating different percentage of shredded rubber tyre with mortar. Summation of ten (10) mixes has been investigated to determine the compressive strength, density, porosity and water absorption. From the results, it is concluded that the higher percentage of shredded tyre rubber used, will decreased the compressive strength and increased the porosity and of the material.
Study of Covalent/Ionic Cross-Linked Modification on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Chitosan Film as Potential Material in Medical Application
Authors: Hisham Siti Farhana , Kasim Siti Hajar , Mastor Azreena , Mohd Sabri Siti Noorzidah , Abu Bakar Syazana , Shualdi Wedianti , Nordin Mohd Nasha’ain , Abdul Rashid Ahmad Hazri , Noorsal Kartini
Published: December 2015

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of covalent and ionic cross-linked reactions which were respectively done by using genipin and tripolyphosphate (tpp), on the structure and mechanical properties of chitosan film. Both cross-linked and uncross-linked films were prepared by solution casting method and characterized. FTIR spectra showed no characteristic of –OCH3 peak from genipin at 1444 cm-1 which resulted by a new covalent bonding in chitosan film. Reduction in absorption intensity at 1560 cm-1 wave number in chitosan cross-linked tpp films were due to the presence of ionic interaction between the positive charged of amino group in chitosan and negatively charged of phosphate group by tpp. The pattern area from the XRD results showed that the covalent cross-linked had significantly changed on the chitosan`s degree of crystallinity. The water contact angle on the surface of covalent/ionic cross-linked chitosan film reached the highest θ at 82.72° which indicated more hydrophobic properties was formed. Covalent/ionic cross-linked chitosan also showed the higher mechanical strength with average tensile stress value at 71.25 MPa. All finding results demonstrated that cross-linked modification on the chitosan film had successfully reduced the film’s hydrophilicity and increased the mechanical properties of the film.
Thermal Properties of Low Density Polyethylene/Jackfruit Seed Flour Blends-Effect of Hexanedioic Acid
Authors: Santhiya P. , Ting Sam Sung , Kamarudin H. , Ragunathan S. , Noriman N.Z. , Al-Bakri A.M.M.
Published: December 2015

The effects of adding hexanedioic acid (HA) into low density polyethylene (LDPE)/jackfruit seeds (JSF) blends on the properties were investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The influence of the crystallinity and thermal properties of HA on LDPE at various compositions was investigated. JSF was blended with LDPE by using internal mixer (Brabender) at temperature 150°C. JSF content was varied from 0 to 20 wt%. Crystallinity of the blends was significantly reduced with increasing JSF content and further increased with the presence of HA. Therefore, the crystallinity of the blends was improved with the presence of HA.
The Effects of Composition on Solid State Sintering of Tungsten-Brass Composites
Authors: Gowon Baba , Mohammed Kahtan S. , Jamaludin Shamsul Baharin , Hussain Zuhailawati , Aminu Aji D. , Lawal Yusuf A. , Evarastics Polycarp
Published: December 2015

In this study, the effect of composition on solid state sintering of tungsten-brass was carried out. The densification of W-Cu has been a difficult problem to the materials engineers. However, the densification behaviour of tungsten-brass in the solid and liquid state is still not known. Tungsten-brass with the composition of 50W-brass, 60W-brass, 70W-brass and 80W-brass were sintered in a horizontal tube furnace under pure hydrogen environment at the temperature of 900°C and the relative sintered density, hardness, electrical conductivity and microstructural characterization was carried out. The relative sintered density and the electrical conductivity increase with the increase in the volume fraction of the matrix (brass) while the hardness decreases with the increase in the volume fraction of brass. The sample with the lowest volume fraction of W has the highest relative sintered density (71%) while the one with the highest volume fraction of W has the lowest relative sintered density (66%). The microstructure of the samples was not homogeneous due to mutual immiscibility between W and brass and lack of capillary force to enhance rearrangement and distribution of W and brass. It is obvious from the results that solid state sintering cannot give full densification of tungsten-brass composites.
Using of Air Natural Convection for Cooling of Casks with Spent Nuclear Fuel in Dry Storage System
Authors: Bocko Jozef , Lengvarský Pavol
Published: December 2015

The paper is devoted to the description of project of storage system for the spent nuclear fuel. The proposed dry storage system is based on the natural convection of air so no additional fans are needed for the cooling. In the paper basic parameters of the storage as well as some preliminary computations verifying its concept are described.
The Design of Ideal Positioning Servo System
Authors: Miková Ľubica , Gmiterko Alexander , Kelemen Michal
Published: December 2015

The paper deals with the design of an ideal positioning servo system. To achieve this aim, we will derive transfer functions of the PID controller and the second-order low-pass filter while using typical fault frequencies for PID controller with a low pass filter. Consequently, an overall frequency characteristic of the open servo system will be depicted. This characteristic will be further used to determine the amplitude and phase safety, which determine the degree of stability system.
Control Algorithm for the Path Tracking of the Nonholonomic Mobile Robots
Authors: Miková Ľubica , Gmiterko Alexander , Jezný Jaromír
Published: December 2015

Many applications in robotics require precise tracking of the prescribed path. The classic “tracking controllers” are not appropriate for this type of tasks, because they do not guarantee that the robot remains on the prescribed path. The aim of this paper is to propose and to verify, by means of computer simulation, the method of control, which ensures that the “output” of the robot will move along the prescribed path.
Analysis of the Subsonic and Supersonic Flow Using Analytical and Numerical Methods
Authors: Čarnogurská Mária , Brestovič Tomáš , Příhoda Miroslav , Lázár Marián , Jasminská Natália
Published: December 2015

The article presents the analysis of the 1D flow of compressible fluid by means of analytical and numerical methods. The results from the solution showed that the calculation of dimensionless velocity for particular flow conditions varies in the area of subsonic flow only a very little, when using both methods. It was found that the dependence of dimensionless velocity on the relative duration of the investigated tunnel applies universally. For any proportional value of the tunnel length x/L and the constant ratio of outlet and inlet cross section of the tunnel level equal to 0.6474, the course of the dimensionless velocity for each tunnel, which satisfies the above condition, will always be the same. This means that also the nature of flow in any such tunnel will exhibit the same properties. This finding provides new knowledge from the analysis of air flow through a channel with a variable flow cross section.
Analysis of the MPC Using in the Control of a Mechatronic System with Flexible Elements
Authors: Juhásová Bohuslava , Juhás Martin
Published: December 2015

The analysis of negative impact of flexible mechatronic system parameter error and its reduction is presented in this contribution. The MPC method is proposed to use for reduction of double notch filter insufficient effect, which was initially integrated into system for flexible joint parasitic frequencies elimination. Simulation experiments results – response of system angular velocity and control process quality analysis confirmed the correctness of proposition of MPC controller using.
Possible Causes of Initiation of Plastic Deformation in the Containers Used in Food Industry
Authors: Trebuňa František , Šimčák František , Bocko Jozef , Pástor Miroslav
Published: December 2015

The containers used for fluid storage in food industry are during their operation exposed to processes that can potentially lead to the danger of possible overloading (pressure of protecting atmosphere, pressure of fermentation gas over must level, and so on). In the paper are analyzed possible causes of large plastic deformations of vessels that are used for must fermentation.
Measurement and Simulation of Transient Phenomena in Metal Hydride Bed
Authors: Brestovič Tomáš , Jasminská Natália , Čarnogurská Mária , Lázár Marián
Published: December 2015

The article analyses the measurement with increased absorption kinetics of hydrogen into the La0.85Ce0.15Ni5alloy. Within a time interval of 180 s an amount of 0.142 kg (1.58 m3) of hydrogen was absorbed into 56 kg of alloy. The process of absorption was accompanied by an increased temperature of the bed. Therefore it was simultaneously cooled by a cooler using Peltier elements. The numerical calculation of non-stationary heat transfer within the bed was performed with a known amount of heat generated in the bed, known temperatures and flow rates. Simulation results allow us to determine temperature time paths at key points of the bed and give insight on the transient phenomena which occurs in the extreme load of the metal hydride (MH) bed. This allows establishing safe limits for the absorption of hydrogen into a particular alloy.
Use the Differential Filters in the Control System of Pneumatic Muscle
Authors: Cedro Leszek
Published: December 2015

The paper discusses the use of differential filters in control algorithms. The filters are designed to determine the derivatives of the input signal and eliminate measuring and quantization noise. The differential filters improved the quality of control, with the results being better than those obtained with the classic Finite Difference Method (FDM). The primary purpose of the study was to employ the differential filters in a real-time control algorithm, which requires appropriate derivatives. The control process involved applying a method of aggregation of state variables, based on signal derivatives, which can be used for non-linear dynamic systems. The experiments were conducted on a test stand with a pneumatic muscle acting as the plant to be controlled.