bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ENSINO DA SEGURANÇA DO PACIENTE NOS CURSOS DE GRADUAÇÃO EM ENFERMAGEM
Authors: Silva Stephanye Vithória Martins da , Haddad Maria do Carmo Fernandez Lourenço , Dadalt Patrícia Aroni , Silva Larissa Gutierrez de Carvalho
Published: November 2024

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar a inserção da temática “Segurança do Paciente”, enquanto disciplina isolada, nos cursos de graduação em Enfermagem do Estado do Paraná - Brasil. Método: Estudo exploratório, descritivo, do tipo documental, com abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvido por análise de informações descritas nas matrizes curriculares, coletados em janeiro de 2023 e analisados por meio da técnica de análise documental. Resultados: Dos 54 cursos de graduação de enfermagem ofertados no Estado do Paraná, nove cursos ministram disciplinas específicas ao tema “segurança do paciente”, sendo três em instituições públicas e seis em particulares. Conclusão: Evidenciou-se fragilidades curriculares na abordagem dessa temática, sendo perceptível a necessidade de introduzir os conceitos sobre a segurança do paciente nas matrizes curriculares, com integração da teoria à prática profissional. O estudo contribui para a conscientização sobre o cenário curricular vivenciado, bem como, para a melhoria da qualidade do ensino em enfermagem.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ALCOHOL USE IN A REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE OF ADOLESCENTS IN BRAZIL
Authors: Magalhães Larissa Silva , Caetano Jennifer Barbosa Castro , Martins Beatriz Zago , Santos Suzy Romere Machado dos , Vieira Maria Aparecida da Silva
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the factors associated with alcohol use among Brazilian school adolescents. Method: This analytical cross-sectional study uses secondary data from the 2019 National School Health Survey edition conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The research evaluated 125,123 adolescents through the application of a questionnaire. For the final model, multiple logistic regression was used. Results: Lifetime cigarette use was strongly associated with alcohol use (Odds Ratio=3.25; 95% Confidence Interval 2.28-4.62), followed by friends’ alcohol use in the last 30 days (Odds Ratio=2.15; 95% Confidence Interval 1.52-3.05) and having parents who smoke (Odds Ratio=1.29; 95% Confidence Interval 1.13-1.48). Conclusion: Integrated actions and public policies involving young people and adolescents are important to ensure the health and well-being of healthy adults.
DEVELOPMENT EVALUATION AMONG FAMILIES OF PEOPLE WITH SUICIDAL BEHAVIOR: AN APPLICATION OF THE CALGARY MODEL
Authors: Andrade Isabela Carolyne Sena de , Gomes Nadirlene Pereira , Correia Cíntia Mesquita , Romano Cátia Maria Costa
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the events that marked the development process experienced by families of people with suicidal behavior. Methodology: study based on the Calgary Family Assessment Model. The study had the participation of nine families of individuals who used the Suicide Study and Prevention Center located in the city of Salvador - Bahia, Brazil. Online data collection took place between November 2021 and May 2022. The questions were previously structured in a form based on the CFAM framework. Once transcribed, the interviews went through the transcreation and textualization processes. Results: among the categories that emerged, the following stand out: Experience of intra-family violence as a precipitating factor for suicidal behavior in the life cycle of the families; Self-renunciation in favor of caring for a person with suicidal behavior; and Animal bonding as a protective factor for suicidal behavior in the development process experienced by families of people with suicidal behavior. Conclusion: by elucidating such events, it is possible to connect with and intervene in the conflicts, as well as using them as protective factors against suicide attempts.
EVALUACIÓN DE DESARROLLO EN FAMILIAS DE PERSONAS CON CONDUCTA SUICIDA: APLICACIÓN DEL MODELO CALGARY
Authors: Andrade Isabela Carolyne Sena de , Gomes Nadirlene Pereira , Correia Cíntia Mesquita , Romano Cátia Maria Costa
Published: November 2024

RESUMEN Objective: describir los acontecimientos que marcaron el desarrollo de la familia de personas con conducta suicida. Metodología: estudio basado en el Modelo Calgary de Evaluación de la Familia. Participaron nueve familias de usuarios del Centro de Estudio y Prevención del Suicidio, en Salvador, Bahía, Brasil. La recolección de datos se realizó online, entre noviembre de 2021 y mayo de 2022. Las preguntas fueron previamente estructuradas en un formulario basado en el MCEF. Las entrevistas fueron transcriptas y después pasaron por los procesos de transcreación y textualización. Resultados: entre las categorías que surgieron se destacan: Experiencia de violencia intrafamiliar como factor precipitante de la conducta suicida en el ciclo de vida de las familias; Renuncia a sí mismo para priorizar el cuidado de la persona con conducta suicida; y Vínculo con animales como factor de protección contra la conducta suicida en el desarrollo de la familia de personas con conducta suicida. Conclusión: al dilucidar dichos acontecimientos es posible vincularse e intervenir en los conflictos, así como también utilizarlos como factores de protección contra el intento de suicidio.
Caminhos de coconstrução na orientação psicodramática: tecendo entre pesquisa e escrita
Authors: Vidal Gabriela Pereira
Published: November 2024

RESUMO Busca-se com este escrito refletir sobre o papel de uma orientação pautada no psicodrama para a coconstrução de uma pesquisa psicodramática. Trata-se de um relato de experiência de uma orientação de monografia da formação em Psicodrama de uma escola catarinense. A orientação ocorreu entre abril de 2023 e janeiro de 2024, sendo realizada de forma virtual, por encontros no Google Meet e trocas de mensagens. Concluiu-se que a teoria psicodramática, por ser pautada nas relações humanas, pode contribuir para a relação orientador-orientando no desenvolvimento de pesquisas, visando um processo de orientação com menos conflitos e desistências.
Acossado pela morte: um doente renal crônico diante da covid-19
Authors: Corrêa Pedro Rabello Brasil
Published: November 2024

Resumo Embora tenha se tornado uma “pandemia” (do grego, pandemías , “todo povo”), a covid-19 é vivida de diferentes maneiras, e o risco de infecção e as medidas preventivas não são nem um pouco equivalentes entre a população. Trata-se de um processo social multiforme, cujos sentidos variam enormemente, sobretudo entre os portadores de comorbidades, os quais são mais vulneráveis ao coronavírus. Quando analisada empiricamente, a covid-19 desvela uma multiplicidade de vivências e significados, que colocam sob suspeita as categorias (supostamente) universais de “pandemia”, “isolamento social”, “morte”, e assim por diante. A maior crise sanitária e humanitária deste século possui muitas dimensões, que são produzidas em contextos sociais específicos, de acordo com subjetividades e práticas variadas. Dessa maneira, partindo de depoimentos pessoais, a presente pesquisa traz a lume as experiências singulares de um doente renal crônico, com o propósito de analisar os desafios de se fazer hemodiálise antes e durante a pandemia, cotejando a “passagem” de um mundo sem coronavírus para um mundo com coronavírus. Pois compreender os impactos do coronavírus na vida de alguém que já estava envolto por alguma perturbação grave, permite acessar uma outra realidade da covid-19, menos global e mais local, mas tão crucial quanto qualquer outra.
Circulation of ideas about schizophrenia within the psychiatric context of Rio de Janeiro in the 1910s and 1920s
Authors: Venancio Ana Teresa A. , Beraldo Renilson
Published: November 2024

Abstract The article examines the circulation of the schizophrenia category in debates and psychiatric spaces in Rio de Janeiro at the beginning of the twentieth century. It analyzes this category in the scientific exchange between Eugen Bleuler and Ernst Kretschmer – observing correspondences between psychodynamic and constitutionalist theories in the European context – and then pursues its use in the Observation Pavilion of the Hospício Nacional de Alienados, in articles and scientific meetings. We investigated how its circulation was simultaneous in scientific and assistance spaces. Furthermore, we also demonstrate that, as occurred in the European context, Brazilian psychiatrists actively participated in the transnational circulation of the schizophrenia category through its appropriation and expanded use of the semantic field “schizo” according to local interests.
The education of the body in teacher training
Authors: Cardozo Mariana Montagnini , Honorato Tony
Published: November 2024

Abstract This study was motivated by understanding of the perspective of education of the body of women in teacher training included in the educational practices of the Londrina State Institute of Education (IEEL), in the 1970s. To consider the historiographical category of education of the body, the research focused on the studies of Norbert Elias ( 1993 , 2011 ). Thinking with Elias, the historiographical category of education of the body is understood as an educational process in which individuals, throughout their lives, internalize and naturalize behaviors and build a personality and self-awareness that are specific to the social structure and networks of relationships of which they are part. Through analyzing the educational practices of the body that permeated teacher training in Brazil, from a procedural perspective, it was possible to understand the existence of three formative parameters. Considering these formative parameters and the available historical sources (meeting minutes, reports, subject programs and pedagogical proposals), we approached a perspective of education of the body that permeated the educational dynamics of IEEL in the city of Londrina, Paraná, seeking to train a woman/teacher who was competent and responsible, presented polite behavior, had self-control over her own body and emotions, and who did not forget her role as a woman in a society in which family representation and the home were still responsibilities strongly attributed to her.
A educação do corpo na formação de professoras
Authors: Cardozo Mariana Montagnini , Honorato Tony
Published: November 2024

Resumo Compreender qual foi a perspectiva de educação do corpo da mulher em formação de professora anunciada nas práticas educativas do Instituto Estadual de Educação de Londrina (IEEL), na década de 1970, foi o que motivou este estudo. Para pensar a categoria historiográfica educação do corpo, debruçou-se nos estudos de Norbert Elias ( 1993 ; 2011 ). Pensando com Elias, a categoria historiográfica educação do corpo é entendida como um processo educativo no qual os indivíduos, no decorrer da sua vida, vão internalizando e naturalizando comportamentos e construindo uma personalidade e consciência de si que são específicas à estrutura social e às redes de relações das quais fazem parte. Analisando as práticas educativas do corpo que permearam a formação de professoras no Brasil, a partir de uma perspectiva processual, foi possível apreender a existência de três parâmetros formativos. Considerando esses parâmetros formativos e as fontes históricas disponíveis (atas de reuniões, relatórios, programas de disciplinas e propostas pedagógicas), aproximou-se de uma perspectiva de educação do corpo que permeou a dinâmica educativa do IEEL no município de Londrina, Paraná, buscando-se formar uma mulher/professora que fosse competente e responsável, apresentasse comportamentos polidos, tivesse autocontrole do próprio corpo e emoções e que não se esquecesse de suas funções como mulher em uma sociedade na qual a figuração familiar e o lar ainda eram responsabilidades fortemente atribuídas a ela.
The museum in History teaching
Authors: Bitte Regina Celi Frechiani
Published: November 2024

Abstract The article aims to reflect on the museum space as a locus for initial teacher training and on the teaching and learning process from field studies carried out at the Solar Monjardim Museum. For this purpose, we sought to investigate Pedagogy students’ knowledge during their training as a device that trigger practices focused on the use of museum spaces, memory and heritage, intertwining sensitivities and critical analysis of their social, material, and cultural experiences. In the search for mapping and founding alternatives that provide sensitive views of historical-cultural aspects present in museums, the qualitative research methodology based on cultural history was used. In the preparation of this text, one used fragments of the reports presented in the discipline of History: Content and Methodology, product of the classroom debates about the observation of the museum space, in addition to the production of the exhibition entitled Leitura de objetos museais [Reading of museum objects]. These instruments have revealed that it is possible to go beyond the sensitive look at objects without disregarding the rigor of their content. If, before, the act of looking at the object, whether in the museum, in the classroom or in everyday life, was a contemplative act or within a supposed neutrality, we proposed, based on our educational practice, an interpretative, creative, sensitive reading, with the expansion of meaning, in a construction process that is not restricted only to questions and answers, but that can start from them and go beyond, giving the History teaching an orientation for practical life.
O museu no ensino de história
Authors: Bitte Regina Celi Frechiani
Published: November 2024

Resumo O artigo objetiva refletir sobre o espaço museal como lócus de formação inicial de professores e sobre ensino e aprendizagem a partir dos estudos de campo realizados no Museu Solar Monjardim. Perseguindo nosso objetivo, procuramos investigar os saberes que os alunos de Pedagogia carregam, em sua formação, como dispositivos desencadeadores de práticas voltadas para os usos dos espaços museais, da memória e do patrimônio, alinhavando sensibilidades e análise crítica sobre suas vivências sociais, materiais e culturais. Na busca por mapear e despertar alternativas que propiciem olhares sensíveis para aspectos histórico-culturais presentes em museus, adotou-se a metodologia qualitativa de pesquisa, pautada na história cultural. Na confecção deste texto, utilizam-se fragmentos dos relatórios apresentados na disciplina de História: Conteúdo e Metodologia, produto dos debates realizados em sala de aula, acerca da observação do espaço museal, além da produção da exposição intitulada Leitura de objetos museais . Tais instrumentos desvelaram ser possível ir além do olhar sensível sobre os objetos sem dispensar o rigor de seu conteúdo. Se, antes, o ato de olhar o objeto, seja no museu, na sala de aula ou na vida cotidiana, era um ato contemplativo ou dentro de uma suposta neutralidade, propusemos, a partir de nossa prática educativa, uma leitura interpretativa, criativa, sensível, com a ampliação do sentido, em um processo de construção que não se restrinja somente a perguntas e respostas, mas que possa partir delas e ir além, atribuindo ao ensino de História uma orientação para a vida prática.
Burnout e engagement em professoras do ensino médio de escola pública no Brasil1
Authors: Machado Fabiana Ferreira , Cardoso Nicolas de Oliveira , Guilherme Alexandre Anselmo
Published: November 2024

Resumo O trabalho docente é avaliado como um dos mais estressantes, com atividades que repercutem na saúde física e mental de trabalhadores, sendo caracterizado como uma ocupação de risco. Os conceitos de burnout e engagement no trabalho têm sido estudados como elementos para entender a percepção de saúde mental de professores sobre o seu contexto de trabalho. O objetivo da pesquisa foi compreender, a partir da perspectiva de professores do ensino médio, quais são os fatores de mal-estar e de bem-estar presentes no contexto escolar. Trata-se de um estudo de método quantitativo, com coleta on-line. A amostra foi composta por oitenta docentes de escolas públicas brasileiras. Destacamos como principal contribuição do estudo os resultados inesperados referentes às variáveis “possuir alguma crença” e “zona onde reside”. Professoras que possuíam alguma crença apresentaram escores de bem-estar significativamente maiores em comparação às que não possuíam nenhuma crença. Professoras que residem e atuam na zona rural apresentaram escores de bem-estar significativamente maiores em comparação com às que residem e atuam em zona urbana. Em relação à pontuação das escalas utilizadas, as médias obtidas para avaliar mal-estar foram consideradas altas enquanto as de bem-estar foram consideradas medianas. Considera-se que as variáveis reportadas são de interesse da comunidade científica devido ao baixo número ou à inexistência de estudos que as investiguem. Espera-se que os resultados possam contribuir para criação de programas, intervenções e estratégias de enfrentamento em prevenção e promoção de saúde, bem como de formações continuadas.
Governos, administração e justiça no Império português (séculos XVII-XVIII) (apresentação)
Authors: Camarinhas Nuno , Carvalho Reinaldo Forte
Published: November 2024

Resumo: Este dossiê articula as formas de atuação dos agentes régios e dos demais representantes coloniais no contexto dos governos administrativos e da justiça colonial nos diversos pontos do Império ultramarino português da época moderna. Nessa lógica, ao lançar um olhar para o quadro mais amplo dos diversos territórios ultramarinos, a Coroa acabou inserindo-se em dinâmicas multifacetadas, ampliando e assumindo diferentes papéis, ora como protagonista das ações, ora de mera coadjuvante, ora, de certa forma, com neutralidade político-administrativa. Uma das estratégias da monarquia lusitana foi nomear/inserir oficiais para assegurar as prerrogativas régias em âmbito local, sendo que, por intermédio destes mesmos oficiais, buscava manter o controle dos espaços político-administrativos, através das prerrogativas reais e de uma protoburocracia nascente, ou passava a convergir junto aos interesses locais por meio de acordos e negociações
“E lhe deu o perdão dos seus erros e lhe assegurou a paz”: a jurisdição sobre o ius pacis e os tratados de pazes nas capitanias do Norte (1670-1720)
Authors: Fonseca Marcos Arthur Viana da
Published: November 2024

Resumo: O trabalho analisa a jurisdição que os governantes do Estado do Brasil, notadamente os governadores e os capitães-mores, possuíam sobre as matérias de paz e guerra. Serão examinadas algumas concepções de época em torno da jurisdição sobre a guerra e a paz e como esse poder era delegado aos governantes ultramarinos. A análise centrar-se-á nas concessões, acordos e tratados de pazes firmados pelos capitães-mores do Ceará e Rio Grande e os governadores de Pernambuco, entre 1670 e 1720. Dessa forma, pretende-se compreender os fundamentos jurídicos que autorizavam a esses governantes concederem tratados de paz.
Efeito moderador ambiental e social na governança das empresas brasileiras
Authors: Piccinin Yvelise Giacomello , Grodt Jonas Adriel dos Santos , Sonza Igor Bernardi , Degenhart Larissa
Published: November 2024

O estudo tem como objetivo analisar os efeitos moderadores do desempenho ambiental e social (pilares do desempenho ESG) na relação entre os mecanismos de governança corporativa (tamanho do conselho, dualidade do CEO, independência e diversidade de gênero do conselho de administração) e o desempenho das empresas. A amostra compôs-se por 96 empresas brasileiras organizadas em painel desbalanceado. O período de análise compreendeu os anos 2016-2020, analisados por meio de regressão com dados em painel robusto. Os principais resultados revelaram que os desempenhos ambiental e social exercem efeito moderador negativo na relação entre dualidade do CEO e desempenho contábil, e exercem influência moderadora positiva entre independência do conselho de administração e desempenho de mercado, enquanto para o desempenho contábil, somente a moderação ambiental apresenta efeito. Verificou-se um efeito moderador positivo do desempenho social na relação entre diversidade de gênero do conselho e desempenho contábil. Como contribuições, a pesquisa buscou incorporar novas evidências dos efeitos dos mecanismos de governança corporativa no desempenho ao explorar os efeitos do desempenho ambiental e social nesta relação. Como implicações práticas, o estudo evidencia que em empresas brasileiras, conselhos maiores e a dualidade do CEO podem melhorar o desempenho organizacional, desafiando a prática tradicional de evitar a concentração de poder. Além disso, a pesquisa contribui ao explorar novos ângulos referentes às práticas ambientais e sociais que se mostraram essenciais para moderar a relação entre governança e desempenho, sugerindo que as empresas devem fortalecer suas iniciativas ESG para maximizar retornos e atrair investidores.
Inside the Boardroom: Evidence from the Board Structure and Meeting Minutes of Community Banks
Authors: Bennett Rosalind L. , Puri Manju , Soto Paul E.
Published: November 2024

Community banks are critical for local economies, yet research on their corporate governance has been scarce due to limited data availability. We explore a unique, proprietary dataset of board membership and meeting minutes of failed community banks to present several stylized facts regarding their board structure and meetings. Community bank boards have fewer members and a higher percentage of insiders than larger publicly traded banks, and experience little turnover during normal times. Their meetings are held monthly and span about two hours. During times of distress, community bank boards convene less often in regularly scheduled meetings in lieu of impromptu meetings, experience higher turnover, particularly among their independent directors, and their meeting tone switches from neutral to significantly negative. Board attention during distressed times shifts towards discussion of capital and examination oversight, and away from lending activities and meeting formalities.
Acute tolerance to rocuronium -A case report-
Authors: Kim Jong Ho , Park Sang joon , Kwon Youngsuk , Hwang Sung Mi , Yang Hong Seuk
Published: November 2024

Background: For most administration of a booster dose can result in a similar reaction to the initial dose. Of course, neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) can produce a comparable reaction in the absence of specific pathophysiologic alterations. Case: An initial dose of 40 mg of rocuronium was given to a male patient (50 years old, height 168 cm, weight 54 kg, body mass index 19.13 kg/m2) for anesthesia. The onset time was usual, but the duration was brief. Two booster doses were administered at 20 min intervals, but recovery came quickly. So, acute tolerance was suspected. Muscle function was restored to greater than train-of-four ratio 0.75 while spontaneous aided breathing was maintained without the need of further NMBAs. Following the operation, sugammadex (1.85 mg/kg) was provided to prevent residual neuromuscular inhibition.Conclusions: Anesthetists must be able to suspect acute tolerance to NMBAs in patients with no unique medical history and have a plan to resolve it.
Comparison of the effectiveness of subcostal transversus abdominis plane and rectus sheath blocks in postoperative analgesia in major open gynecological cancer surgeries: a prospective randomized study
Authors: Akyol Duygu , Özcan Funda Gümüş
Published: November 2024

Background: The transversus abdominis plane block (TAPB) is frequently used for postoperative analgesia in abdominal surgery. However, it remains insufficient for analgesia during upper abdominal surgeries. Therefore, we compared the efficacy of the subcostal transversus abdominis plane block (STAPB) or rectus sheath block (RSB), in addition to the posterior transversus abdominis plane block (PTAPB), for postoperative analgesia in major gynecologic cancer surgeries. Methods: This prospective randomized study included 50 patients aged > 18 years, (American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status II or III), who underwent gynecologic cancer surgery through a midline incision. All patients underwent PTAPB, STAPB, or RSB according to the randomisation. The following parameters were recorded and compared: demographic data; intraoperative hemodynamic parameters; numeric rating scale (NRS) pain levels at the 1st, 6th, 12th, and 24th postoperative h; opioid consumption; number of requests and boluses; adverse effects; surgical complications within 24 h.Results: Forty-seven patients were included in this study. In the STAPB group, postoperative 1st, 12th and 24th-h NRS values were lower; opioid consumption, opioid demand, and bolus numbers were lower during the postoperative 24th h as compared to RSB (P < 0.05). The intraoperative opioid and hemodynamic values were similar in both groups.Conclusions: STAPB in addition to PTAPB provides more effective analgesia than RSB for postoperative pain management in open gynecologic cancer surgeries.
Sugammadex for our little ones: a brief narrative review
Authors: Lee Soomin , Chung Woosuk
Published: November 2024

Sugammadex, the first noncompetitive antagonist developed for the reversal of neuromuscular blockade (NMB), is one of the few drugs that has revolutionized anesthetic practice. However, the use of sugammadex for children between the ages of 2 and 17 years has only recently been approved and is currently not approved for children under the age of 2 years. Although the precision and reliability of reversal of NMB with sugammadex are of great benefit in pediatric anesthesia, several important questions remain regarding its use in our youngest patients. In this brief narrative review, we aim to provide an overview of the key considerations and potential challenges that anesthesiologists often face when using sugammadex in pediatric patients.
Improved photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue by novel hexagonal ZnO particles
Authors: Zehra Yiğit Avdan  , İlknur Demirtaş  , Ender Suvacı
Published: November 2024

Recently, the use of nanoparticles as photocatalysts has gained great importance. However, nanoparticles exhibit some drawbacks for this application and there is a need for new particle technologies to mitigate these drawbacks. A novel particle technology called MicNo based on ZnO has been designed and manufactured, which exhibits the advantages and properties of both micron and nano size. Although performance of MicNo-ZnO has been tested in various applications, it has not been tested as a photocatalyst in any photocatalytic degradation process. In this study, novel designed ZnO was used as a catalyst for methylene blue (MB) degradation in the presence of UV irradiation.  The MicNo-ZnO particles were characterized by structural and morphological properties by XRD, BET and SEM analyses. The effects of catalyst amount, pH, temperature and initial concentration on the degradation process were investigated.  In addition, a reusability study was carried out with 4 cycles under optimum conditions. The MicNo-ZnO particles showed excellent photocatalytic activity with a degradation rate of 96% for methylene blue in 180 min. The pseudo-first-order rate constant for the photocatalytic degradation of MB by MicNo-ZnO was as high as 0.0236 min−1, confirming that MicNo-ZnO particles can be effectively utilized as an alternative catalyst material.
Recurrence of cholera epidemics in South Africa: inadequate sanitary facilities, poor environmental monitoring practices, and climate change as possible contributing factors
Authors: Pusang King Sekgobela  , Timothy Sibanda
Published: November 2024

Cholera is an acute infectious disease caused by two toxin-producing strains, namely Vibrio cholerae O1, and Vibrio cholerae O139. Its recorded history stretches as far back as 1817, in Bengal, India, yet it continues to be a public health threat to this present day. Although cholera epidemics are now a relatively rare phenomenon in developed countries, frequent epidemics continue to be experienced in sub-Saharan Africa. Africa accounted for 63.33% of the 223 370 cases of and 4 159 deaths from cholera that were reported globally in 2020. Furthermore, of the 342 900 cholera cases and 3 304 cholera deaths reported globally in 2022, 40.28% of the cases and 77.85% of the deaths were in Africa. Inadequate sanitation infrastructure as well as inadequate provision of quality, safe drinking water in South Africa still creates conducive conditions for the transmission of cholera. In addition, climate change is increasingly becoming a risk factor towards the spread of V. cholerae pathogens in inland regions. To make recommendations on how South Africa, and potentially the Southern African region as a whole, can minimise the resurgence of cholera, this review addressed the following questions: Does South Africa have adequate sanitation infrastructure to curb the spread of cholera? Is there enough intentional surveillance of environmental water sources for vibrios as a cholera outbreak predictive tool? What is the impact of climate change on the resurgence of cholera in South Africa? And, what needs to be done to curb the resurgence of cholera in South Africa?
A budaszentlőrinci pálos kolostor könyvtárának egy megmaradt kötete
Authors: Mércz András
Published: November 2024

A budaszentlőrinci pálos anyakolostor könyvtárát a mohácsi síkon győzedelmeskedő oszmán csapatok felprédálták, és a kutatás jelenlegi állása szerint e grandiózus gyűjtemény összes kötete a tűzvész martaléka lett. Jelen tanulmány egy túlélő kódex létezésére hívja fel a figyelmet. A kötet egy 13. századi, párizsi műhelyben készült, iniciálékkal és miniatúrákkal gazdagon díszített latin Biblia, amely az antwerpeni Plantin-Moretus Múzeum M. 17.3 jelzetű kódexe. A tanulmány áttekinti a kötettel kapcsolatos nemzetközi szakirodalmat, és pontosítja a provenienciájának egy epizódját (a fol. 247r-en található török - korábban helytelenül arabnak titulált - bejegyzés alapján 1546 helyett 1526-ban került oszmán kézbe). Kodikológiai szempontból pontosítja a levélszámozást, kiegészíti a kötetben található bejegyzések listáját, és felhívja a figyelmet az oldalak csonkolásának tényére. Újabb adalékokat szolgáltat arra a hipotézisre, amely szerint a kódex korábban két kötetből állt, és az újrakötés elvégzését az Anconában működő flamand kereskedő Gillis de Grave személyéhez köti.
András, a könyvmester
Authors: Farkas Gábor Farkas
Published: November 2024

Az első Magyarországon nyomtatott könyv, a Chronica Hungarorum eredetileg 140 (vagy 139) nyomtatott oldalból állhatott. A jelenleg 67 levél, vagyis 133 nyomtatott oldal terjedelmű ősnyomtatvány elején és a végén is kényszerű megoldásokat alkalmazott nyomdásza Hess András, hogy megjelenhessen a teljes könyv. Ugyanis eredetileg a nyomtatvány elején Vitéz János érsek előszava állhatott, majd ezt követte a nyomdász dedikációja, amit folytatott a hun és a magyar középkor története egészen Mátyás király uralkodásáig. Hess Andrásnak abba kellett hagynia a könyv nyomtatását 1472 tavaszán, amikor letartóztatták patrónusát, az esztergomi érseket és egy évet kellett várnia, hogy végre kiadja a most is olvasható szöveget. Ezzel kapcsolatos a nyomtatvány végén lévő két üres levél története is, amire eddig nem született elfogadható magyarázat. Úgy tűnik, hogy a magyar nyomdász az ősnyomtatvány utolsó füzetének közepén, V. László magyar király történeténél hagyta abba a nyomtatást, feltehetően akkor, amikor Vitézt letartóztatták. Ez alapján nem kizárt, hogy a krónika szövege lényegesen hosszabb volt és tartalmazta többek között a lengyel Kázmér herceg 1471-es magyar trónra törését is. A Vitéz-féle összeesküvés leverése után Hess Andrásnak nem maradt más választása: ki kellett vennie a Vitéz János olvasókhoz szóló előszavát, s el kellett fogadnia, hogy nem nyomtathatja ki az 1468-1472 közötti érzékeny magyar belpolitikai események krónikáját. Ám a drága papír miatt nem dobhatta ki a már kinyomtatott utolsó levélpárokat, amelyeken I. Lajos és Luxemburgi Zsigmond uralkodásáról olvashatunk. A Chronica Hungarorum költségvetése szerény lehetett: 100 aranyforintba került, ebből fele volt a papír ára, s körülbelül 250 példányban jelenhetett meg 1473. június 5-én, pünkösd vigíliáján. Ebből ma 10 példány létezik világszerte.
450 éve jelent meg Bornemisza Péter prédikációinak első kötete (1573)
Authors: V. Ecsedy Judit
Published: November 2024

Az Európai Kulturális Örökség Napok keretében (Dni Európskeho Kultúrneho Dedičstva 2023) került sor arra a megemlékezésre 2023. szeptember 22-én, amelynek középpontjában Bornemisza Péter, a humanista író, költő,  prédikátor, reformátor, nyomdász és Semptén létesített nyomdája (Šintava, Galántai járás, Szlovákia) állt. Ezt fejezte ki az ünnepség címe (Spomienkové podujatie k 450. výročiu príchodu evanjelického kazateľa, spisovateľa a kníhtlačiara Petra Bornemiszu do Šintavy) is. A színhely a szeredi kastély helyreállított földszinti bástyaterme volt (Sered’, Galántai járás, Szlovákia).
Enyészetnek örvénnyéből ki ragadtam, Jankovich Miklós és kora, szerk. Csörsz Rumen István, Budapest, Reciti, 2023 (Reciti konferenciakötetek, 21)
Authors: Bodnár Krisztián
Published: November 2024

Az ismertetésben bemutatott kötet egy mára szinte teljesen elfeledett 18-19. századi könyv- és régiséggyűjtő, történész és tiszteletbeli akadémiai tag, Jankovich Miklós gyűjteményéről, illetve életművéről közöl tanulmányokat.
A kálvinisták ördöge
Authors: Báthory Orsolya
Published: November 2024

Az 1620-ban Bécsben, a szerző feltüntetése nélkül jelent meg a Calvino-praedicantium Ungarorum Genius malus (A magyar kálvinista prédikátorok ördöge) című politikai pamflet.  A mindössze 21 oldalas mű a címlap tanúsága szerint Alvinczi Péter anonim írására a Machiavellizatióra született válaszul. Ez utóbbi a második darabja volt annak a korabeli értelemben vett publicisztikai háborúnak, amelyet az Európa-szerte komoly felháborodást kiváltó és több kiadásban, illetve nyelven megjelent Secretissima instructio váltott ki. Alvinczi úgy vélte, hogy ez utóbbi Pázmány alkotása, ezért az esztergomi érseket a címlapon megnevezve, és a műben „érsek uramnak” szólítva jelentette meg a Machiavellizatiót, amelyben tételesen cáfolta a botrányt kiváltó Secretissima instructio állításait. A Machivellizatióra a Genius malus mellett Balásfi Tamás válaszolt, a Castigatio című pamflettel. nevének feltüntetésével adta ki. A címzetes boszniai püspök és pozsonyi prépost Balásfi ekkoriban Bécsben tartózkodott más főpapok, köztük az esztergomi érsek, Pázmány Péter társaságában. A Castigatio pontról pontra megfelelt a Machiavellizatio állításaira, és Alvinczi a Resultatióval kizárólag erre, tehát Balásfi művére reagált. A Genius malus viszont teljesen reflexió nélkül maradt.  A röpiratot átfutva annak szövege Pázmány korábbi latin nyelvű vitairataira emlékeztet. A mű stílusa, indulatos hangvétele, a mondatfűzés módja, bizonyos tipikus kifejezések, az ellenfelet becsmérlő, sajátos szóalkotással létrehozott megszólítások főként Pázmány Peniculus papporumát, illetve annak bővített változatát, a Logi alogit juttatja eszünkbe. Egy alaposabb vizsgálattal pedig a higgadtabb érvelésre alapozó Diatriba theologicával (1605) és Vindiciae ecclesiasticae-vel (1620) való szövegpárhuzamok is kimutathatóak lettek. Vizsgálódásaim előrehaladtával kiderült, hogy Pázmány szerzősége már korábban is felmerült. Révész Kálmán református püspök, egyháztörténész teljes bizonyossággal jelentette ki, hogy a röpirat az esztergomi érsek műve. Révész ugyanakkor csak mellékesen fogalmazta meg ezt az állítását, és minthogy cikke alapvetően Alvinczi Péter műveivel foglalkozott, ennélfogva bizonyítékokat sem hozott fel Pázmány szerzőségének alátámasztására. Ezen feladat elvégzésére vállalkozik most a jelen tanulmány.
Új levelek és versek Georg Purkirchertől
Authors: Orbán Áron
Published: November 2024

A 16. századi értelmiség szellemi orientációjának és kapcsolatrendszerének fontos forrásai a kiadott műveiken túl egyrészt a levelek, másrészt a nyomtatványokban szereplő paratextusok, illetve kéziratos bejegyzések, amelyek – a humanista irodalom diszkurzív, dialogikus jellege miatt is – nagyon gyakran szolgáltatnak adalékokat az illető intellektuális környezetéről. Az alábbi rövid tanulmányban a magyarországi, illetve közép-európai ’respublica litteraria’ egy megbecsült pozsonyi tagjának, Georg Purkirchernek néhány újonnan talált, illetve kiadatlan kisebb művét vagy töredékes szövegét közlöm; ezek a szövegek nem szerepelnek Purkircher műveinek Miloslav Okál általi 1988-as összkiadásában,1 tehát forráskiadásunk eme összkiadás kiegészítésének is tekinthető. Ezek a kis szövegek vegyes témájúak, többféle szempontból járulnak hozzá Purkircher érdeklődésének, szellemi környezetének megismeréséhez. Két, a londoni British Libraryben talált levélrészlet csodás események leírását tartalmazza, jól illeszkedve az anekdotázó orvos-humanista hasonló jellegű leveleihez; két, nyomtatványban megjelent, de a Purkircher-szakirodalomban ismeretlen epigramma tanulóéveibe és wittenbergi környezetébe enged bepillantást; és az irodalomban már ismert, de kiadatlan volt egy összefüggő szöveget képező bejegyzés egy Carolus Clusiustól kapott könyv előzéklapján, amelyben egy főúri kertben látott cserjéről és annak akár mágikus jellegű használatáról ír.
Pécseli Király Imre húsvéti énekének újonnan előkerült kézirata
Authors: Kisdi Klára
Published: November 2024

Az Országos Széchényi Könyvtár Kézirattárának töredékgyűjteménye kincseket rejt. Bár a gyűjtemény legtöbb darabja latin nyelvű és a középkorból származik, elvétve található közöttük későbbi kézirat is. Az OSZK Fragm. C 116 jelzetű töredéke magyar nyelvű. Talán egy szétbontott könyvkötés alól kikerülő makulatúra lehetett – előéletéről sajnos nincs adatunk, növedéknaplószám nem tartozik hozzá.A 200×155 mm méretű papírlap állapota jó, bár a bal szélén a szövegből néhány betű lekopott. Vízjel nem látható rajta, és margók híján oldalszám sem maradt meg, ha egyáltalán volt. Pécseli Király Imre (1590 k. – 1641 k.) református lelkész és költő egyik alkotása, a „Feltámadt a mi életünk” kezdetű ének négy versszaka található rajta jól olvasható, lendületes kurzív írással írva, a 17–18. század fordulójáról.
To Type or To Write: The Effect of Writing Modes and Time Constraints on Students’ Writing Quality
Authors: Mahardika I Gusti Ngurah Agung Wijaya , Utami IGA Lokita Purnamika
Published: November 2024

Background: The incorporation of technology into English writing class has prompted the use of computer typing as an alternative writing mode to handwriting. However, previous studies investigating the effect of writing modes on writing quality have delivered conflicting results.
Purpose: Considering the increasing prevalence of computers in English writing classes and the time limitation commonly employed by teachers in writing courses, the present study attempts to identify the interaction effect of writing modes and time constraints on EFL students’ writing quality.
Method: This study adopted a counterbalanced quantitative design; data were collected from 30 EFL undergraduate students majoring in English Education, using an adapted version of Jacobs’ ESL Composition Profile. All participants were subjected to four writing conditions, based on the combination of typing using a computer or writing by hand and a 30-minute or 60-minute time allotment.  
Results: The findings of the present study suggest that there is no interaction effect between writing modes and time constraints on writing quality F(1, 116) = .086, p = .770, and despite the higher scores obtained by the essays typed with computer, writing modes have no significant effect on writing quality F(1, 116) = .820, p = .367. The results also suggest that time constraints significantly affect writing quality F(1, 116) = 14.308, p = <.001.
Conclusion: Due to the absence of writing modes effect on writing quality, English teachers are recommended to permit both writing modes in writing essays and to provide more time for students to write, especially in a creative writing environment as opposed to an examination environment.
Mitigating Plagiarism in ESL Academic Writing: Evaluating the Efficacy of Educational Intervention
Authors: Mahmud Nazirah , Mohd Tahir Mohd Haniff
Published: November 2024

Background: Plagiarism is a serious academic misconduct demanding mitigation to uphold the integrity of original work. Undeniably, with the advancement of technological age, plagiarising becomes easier and harder to detect. However, the reliance on technology significantly rises the likelihood of fostering academic dishonesty among the students. Therefore, it is imperative to disseminate explicit education on plagiarism reduction strategies, particularly on the importance of mastering correct referencing techniques.
Purpose: The present study applied a mixed-method approach to explore the effectiveness of an intervention called Educational Intervention (EI) on enhancing ESL students’ academic referencing skills namely in in-text citation abilities, paraphrasing skills and writing reference list using APA style.
Method: The EI consisted of explicit instruction that involved structured teaching sessions integrated with two primary instructional strategies: lectures and practical exercises on referencing in academic writing. A total of 70 participants participated in the study. Data collection involved administering tests, assigning exercises and assignments, and conducting focus group interviews. The study utilised a quasi-experimental design to analyse the effectiveness of the intervention. Quantitative data were analysed using one-way ANOVA and paired sample t-test to assess the effectiveness of the EI. Qualitative data were examined through thematic analysis to explore participants’ experiences and perceptions. 
Results: Data analyses of the plagiarism test indicated that the experimental group showed significantly greater improvements in referencing skills compared to the control group, with statistical significance at p <.05 for all assessed skills. However, findings for the gathered exercises and assignments demonstrated improvements but not statistically significant in their referencing skills except for paraphrasing. Nonetheless, feedback from focus group interviews indicated positive responses toward EI and its role in enhancing referencing skills.
Conclusion: Overall, while EI proved effective in enhancing ESL undergraduates’ referencing skills, there remains room for improvement to fully realize its potential. The study holds a global importance of imparting explicit education on referencing skills, offering educators worldwide a strategic measure aimed at reducing plagiarism act.
Variation in Academic Writing: A Corpus-Based Investigation on the Use of Syntactic Features by Advanced L2 Academic Writers
Authors: Ahmad Muhammad , Mahmood Muhammad Asim , Siddique Ali Raza , Imran Muhammad , Almusharraf Norah
Published: November 2024

Background: Writing means communication through words whereas academic writing means making careful use of words to communicate ideas to a range of readers and audiences. Therefore, academic writing reflects specificities related to audience, context/discipline and purpose of the use. These specificities result in ample differences in terms of language use.
Purpose: This study investigates disciplinary variation in the use of different syntactic (i.e., clausal, intermediate and phrasal) features in academic writing produced by the Pakistani advanced writers of English as an L2 specializing in different disciplines of arts and humanities, life sciences, physical sciences and social sciences.
Method: For the said purpose, the corpus has been developed from dissertation texts produced by the Pakistani doctoral candidates from 16 academic disciplines of four disciplinary divisions. The analysis has been performed using AntConc Software after tagging with Multidimensional Analysis, and TagAnt Taggers.
Results: The results reveal mixed findings. On the one hand, the results show variation in the use of syntactic features that is observed to be marked by the difference in the frequency of the different types of the said features across disciplines. On the other hand, the results show a similarity in the use of syntactic features that has been evidenced by the finding that the most and least frequently used features are identical across disciplines.
Conclusion: These results suggest both heterogeneity and homogeneity in the use of syntactic features by the Pakistani advanced L2 academic writers. The results of this study have implications for educators, policy makers, and syllabus designers to ensure discipline-specific instruction, and incorporation of the discipline-specific syntactic features into the academic curricula for supporting academic writing development skills in the students particularly at the advanced level of education.
Clinically Probable Multiple System Atrophy Presenting Ptosis as an Early Manifestation
Authors: Yoo Sang-Won , Jung Heuiseop , Lee Kyoungwon , Kim Jisoo , Jang Minji , Yang Eun Jin , Kim Joong-Seok
Published: November 2024

Many ocular features were found in patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA), which include dry eye, blepharospasm, eye movement problems, and blink reflex dysfunction. Some of these symptoms are associated with autonomic dysfunctions seen in MSA. We report a young clinically-probable MSA patient with bilateral ptosis at an early disease stage. Although there is no clear evidence that ptosis, in this case, was caused by abnormalities in the sympathetic cholinergic system, the selective impairment of sudomotor function implied an injured sympathetic cholinergic system secondary to MSA pathology. Ocular manifestations need more attention in clinical examinations of patients with MSA.
Central-variant Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome after Head Trauma
Authors: Park Hyunmin , Park Gi-Beom , Jeon Byeoung-Jun , Lee Jin-Hyung , Kim Meyung-Kug , Yoo Bong-Goo
Published: November 2024

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a disorder of reversible vasogenic edema which mainly involves the parieto-occipital lobes in various clinical settings. Isolated involvement of the brainstem, basal ganglia, and cerebellum is rare. An 81-year-old female was admitted because of a decreased level of consciousness, and she had a head trauma history a day before. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed extensive confluent T2 hyperintensity with swelling involving the bilateral thalami, brainstem, and cerebellar peduncle without cortical lesions. We reports a case of central-variant PRES after traumatic brain injury.
Epstein-Barr Virus Encephalitis Involving the Bilateral Corticospinal Tract: Wine Glass Sign
Authors: Lee Jinsik , Hong Uichan , Choi Seohee , Kim Woo Jun , Kwon Soonwook
Published: November 2024

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) causes a variety of central nervous system infections, including encephalitis. EBV encephalitis accounts for approximately 5.8% of all viral encephalitis, with fever, headache, convulsions, and decreased consciousness as common symptoms. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in EBV encephalitis shows high signal intensity mainly in the parieto-occipital cortex, subcortical white matter, and deep gray matter nuclei with reversibility. In this report, we present a case of bilateral corticospinal tract involvement (wineglass sign) identified on brain MRI in a patient with diagnosed with EBV encephalitis.
Recurrent Bilateral Facial Palsy Associated with Herpes Simplex Virus Infection
Authors: Heo Nam Jin , Seo Suyeon , Choo Seung Ho , Kim Byoung Joon
Published: November 2024

Bell's palsy is the most common cause of facial paralysis with a lifetime risk of one in 60 in general population. The exact pathophysiology is unknown, but it is suspected to be associated with viral infections such as herpes simplex virus (HSV). Recurrent facial palsy is a rare condition that can be caused by various factors but the cause remains unknown. We report a case of recurrent facial palsy who had antibodies of Lyme immunoglobulin G (IgG), HSV IgG, and IgM.