bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of power training on quality of life and postural stability in elderly
Authors: Tolentino Grassyara Pinho , Soares Viviane , Venâncio Patrícia Espíndola Mota , Moraes João Lucas de , Lima Pablo Rodrigues , Filho Ariel Vieira de Moraes , Lima William Alves , Júnior Jairo Teixeira , Oliveira Deise Aparecida Almeida Pires de , Oliveira-Silva Iransé
Published: November 2017

Introduction: The muscular strength exercises can be an effective intervention to prevent falls and to favor the functional capacity (FC) in the elderly. However, few studies have reported the benefits of power training (PT) and the subjective perception of the elderly on these activities. Objective: to evaluate the repercussions of a power training protocol on functional capacity and subjective health parameters in the elderly. Method: It was a prospective study involving 48 elderly people. Two groups were composed: a power training group (PG) with 22 participants with a mean age of 68.14 (5.46) years and the control group (CG) was composed of 32 elderly individuals aged 68.03 (4.83) years. Health-related quality of life was measured from the Medical Outcomes Study 36 – Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). The FC was measured by the Berg Balance and Time Up and Go tests. The PT was performed 2x/week, with duration of 50 min/session, for 14 weeks (first two weeks of adaptation; first six weeks 3X/10-15 repetitions of 40-50% of the Subjective Perceived Exertion (SPE) / 6 following weeks 3X/6-10 repetitions of 60-70% of the SPE). The CG performed rhythm activities with the same frequency and weekly duration. Result: It was observed favorable results in FC after 14 weeks of power training. There was also a positive evaluation of most sf-36 domains, with emphasis on physical and emotional aspects. However, the perception of the elderly in relation to the pain domain presented negative results. Conclusion: The PT positively influenced the FC, the physical and the emotional aspects of the elderly; negatively affected the pain and maintained the low risk of fall after 12 weeks of intervention, without presenting intercurrences during the intervention.
США: безответственная риторика и вероломная политика
Authors: Ильин Алексей Николаевич
Published: November 2017

В статье обосновывается, что вербализуемая американскими лидерами политическая пропаганда выступает наиболее наглядным образцом риторики двойных стандартов, лицемерия и лжи. Американская политика опирается на эту легитимирующую ее риторику. Безответственность и вероломство — характерные черты американской риторики и политики. Автором приведено достаточно много примеров высказанных американскими пропагандистами идеологем и действий США на мировой арене, доказывающих этот тезис. Описаны как геополитические, так и экономические случаи. Анализируется внешняя политика США по отношению к России, Ираку, Сирии, Грузии и Украине.

 
University of Ottawa Vertical Mentorship Program: Improving Engagement through Simple Innovation
Authors: Russell Christopher , Povieriena Iuliia , Levesque Marianne
Published: November 2017

Objective: To assess the impact of simple innovations on three identified program gaps (attendance and engagement, understanding of the program, issue identification and resolution).Methods: Survey responses, event attendance, and subjective observations, were compared between the 2014 - 2015 and 2015 - 2016 academic years, providing direct and indirect measures of gap closure.Results: Attendance and engagement - Mid-year survey response rate was excellent (n=133), and increased responses from second year coordinators and mentors were seen in both 2015-2016 surveys’. Dessert night attendance increased from 2014 to 2015 (383 to 436). End of year event numbers decreased year-to-year (163 to 115). Only 5.9% of students did not attend events due to a lack of interest in the program.Issue identification and resolution - Mid-year surveys identified three groups with difficulties communicating. Knowledge of available resources in mentors rose by 5% between years, and by 55% in second year coordinators.Understanding of the program - 12 of the 52 mentorship groups actively used Facebook to engage and plan joint activities. The nominations received at the end of the year, and survey comments, focused beyond topics of career mentoring, and expanded to the impact of the field on life, life in medicine, and family.Conclusion: Identifying gaps in a program such as the VMP, through eliciting feedback from those participating may be challenging. Establishing simple innovations may be an effective way to improve participants’ experiences and overall functioning of the program.
Dermatological manifestations of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: an observational study among HAART naive patients from an ART centre of excellence
Authors: Sailo Lalremruati , Devi Th Bijayanti , Singh Th Bhimo , Hafi Bishurul N. A.
Published: November 2017

Background: Dermatological manifestations can be a window to the clinical and immunological status of patients with HIV infection. Introduction of HAART has dramatically shifted the pattern of HIV associated dermatoses. The present study has been carried out to find out the same among HIV infected patients not started on HAART therapy.

Methods: Two hundred (200) HIV-positive, HAART-naïve patients attending ART centre of excellence were examined between November 2005 to July 2007, for the presence of mucocutaneous manifestations, correlation with CD4 count and analyzed using SPSS software.

Results: Out of the 200 patients examined, 64.5% (n=129) were found to have mucocutaneous manifestations. Out of those 129 patients 70 (54.3%) were male and 59 (45.7%) were females. Age of the patients ranged from 5 to 62 years with a mean±S.D of 32.08±11.48 yrs. Fungal infections (n=67, 51.9%) were the most common infectious dermatoses, followed by viral infections (n=35, 27.1%), scabies infestations (n=17, 13.2%) and bacterial infections (n=2, 1.6%). Of all the fungal infections, candidiasis (43.28%) was the commonest. Majority (64.5%) of the mucocutaneous manifestations were seen in patients with CD4 count <200 cells/mm3 and difference in CD4 count was significantly associated with cutaneous penicilliosis and oral hairy leukoplakia (p<0.044).

Conclusions: Infectious dermatoses remain as the far most common skin manifestations in HAART naïve patients. Lower the CD4 higher will be the incidence. Rare endemic infections like penicilliosis should be considered in differentials of umbulicated lesions in this part of the country.
Concomitant presence of bilateral nevus of Ota with unilateral nevus of Ito and halo nevus: a rare association
Authors: Salunke Aarti S. , Nagargoje Mahendra V. , Chavan Ravindranath B. , Bansal Nilima M.
Published: November 2017

Nevus of Ota is dermal melanocytosis, generally presents as blue-black or gray-brown patchy diffuse pigmentation. Most commonly occurs unilaterally on face in areas innervated by the first and second divisions of trigeminal nerves. Bilateral involvement and oral mucosal involvement can occur, but as a rare manifestation. Nevus of Ota may be very rarely associated with the nevus of Ito and other extra cutaneous features. The halo nevus may be seen in congenital or acquired melanocytic nevi. Presence of halo nevus in conjunction with two different dermal nevi is not reported till date. We are reporting 19 year old female presented with bilateral Nevus of Ota with oral mucosal involvement and associated nevus of Ito and halo nevus.
AKTIVITAS MUI DALAM PERKEMBANGAN KEHIDUPAN KEAGAMAAN DI SURAKARTA TAHUN 1975-2015
Authors: Maftuh Hasan
Published: November 2017

This research was developed using the approach of social history that refers to events or socialreligious reality in society and aims to clarify the role of the Assembly of the Ulama Indonesia (MUI) of Surakarta in responding to the change or the development of the social-religious life in community. The results of this research demonstrates that (1) the Assembly of Indonesia of Surakarta Scholars played full, in the Islamic community especially. For example, they provide advice, counsel and fatwa guidance asked or not. (2) in the social reality, they respond to the social conflict. The responses enacted by the scholars are presented into three terms, among others; attempting to be a pioneer of the peace at the time of the riots, giving social advocacy in  form of action and being a mediator when conflicts arose disagreements.
GAYA KOMUNIKASI MASYARAKAT PESISIR WEDUNG JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Fajrie Mahfudlah
Published: November 2017

The coastal communities put human on equality. Therefore, Wedung district community has its own communication style in delivering opinions and social interaction interpersonally. This article is the result of field research study with an ethnographic approach and analysis of cultural themes. The aim is to determine the communication style of coastal communities when communicating with outside communities of coastal areas and tourists. The results show that the communication style of coastal communities in communicating with other people and the community outside of coastal areas is the equalitarian and the relinguishing styles. It means that the coastal communities have the nature of open communication and receptive to suggestions and opinions of others.
Differences in surface roughness of nanohybrid composites immersed in varying concentrations of citric acid
Authors: Alifen Gabriela Kevina , Soetojo Adioro , Saraswati Widya
Published: November 2017

Background: The surface roughness of restoration is important in predicting the length of time it might remain in the mouth. Conditions within the oral cavity can affect the surface roughness of a restoration. Nanohybrid composite is widely used in dentistry because it can be applied to restore anterior and posterior teeth. Athletes routinely consume isotonic drinks which are acidic and even more erosive than the carbonated variety because they contain a range of acids; the highest content of which being citric acid. Purpose: The aim of the study was to analyze the surface roughness of nanohybrid composite after having been subjected to immersion in varying concentrations of citric acid. Methods: Two isotonic drinks (Pocari Sweat and Mizone) were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to quantify the respective concentrations of citric acid which they contained. A total of 27 samples of cylindrical nanohybrid composite were prepared before being divided into three groups. In Group 1, samples were immersed in citric acid solution derived from Pocari Sweat. Those of Group 2 were immersed in citric acid solution derived from Mizone; while Group 3, samples were immersed in distilled water as a control. All samples were immersed for 7 days, before their surface roughness was tested by means of a surface roughness tester (Mitutoyo SJ-201). Data was analyzed using a one-way ANOVA test. Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference in surface roughness between Groups 1, 2 and 3 (p=0.985). Conclusion: No difference in surface roughness of nanohybrid composites results from prolonged immersion in varying concentrations of citric acid.
Increase of collagen in diabetes-related traumatic ulcers after the application of liquid smoke coconut shell
Authors: Surboyo Meircurius Dwi Condro , Arundina Ira , Rahayu Retno Pudji
Published: November 2017

Background: Traumatic ulcers in patients with diabetes mellitus may experience delayed healing despite their diabetic condition being controlled. Liquid smoke coconut shell containing phenolic compounds can potentially accelerate the healing process. One healing process indicator is the increased number of fibroblasts, another being the increased amount of collagen. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the amount of collagen in traumatic ulcers in diabetics after application of liquid smoke coconut shell. Methods: Alloxan was induced in twenty-four male Wistar rats as models of diabetes mellitus. A traumatic 10 mm ulcer was made along the labial fornix incisive inferior with a round, stainless steel blade before liquid smoke coconut shell and benzydamine hydrochloride (as the control) was administrated once a day. A biopsy of the labial fornix incisive inferior was subsequently performed after the topical application for 5 and 7 days. Histological assessment was conducted to analyze the amount of collagen by means of Masson Trichome staining. Results: Histologically, the topical application of liquid smoke coconut shell for 5 days significantly increased the amount of collagen, higher than that of benzydamine hydrochloride as the control (p=0.006) (p<0.05). Meanwhile, the topical application of liquid smoke coconut shell for 7 days made the concentration of collagen no significantly different from that of benzydamine hydrochloride as the control (p=0.156) (p>0.05). Conclusion: Liquid smoke coconut shell applied for 5 days increase the amount of collagen in traumatic ulcers in diabetic patients.
The influence of artificial salivary pH on nickel ion release and the surface morphology of stainless steel bracket-nickel-titanium archwire combinations
Authors: Narmada Ida Bagus , Sudarno Natalya Tantri , Sjafei Achmad , Setiyorini Yuli
Published: November 2017

Background: In the oral cavity, orthodontic appliances come into contact with saliva which may cause corrosion capable of changing their surface morphology due to the release of metal ions. Surface roughness can influence the effectiveness of tooth movement. One of the ions possibly released when body fluid comes into contact with brackets and archwire is nickel ion (Ni). Ni, one of the most popular components of orthodontic appliances, is, however, a toxic element that could potentially increase the likelihood of health problems such as allergic responses during treatment. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different artificial salivary pH on the ions released and the surface morphology of stainless steel (SS) brackets-nickel-titanium (NiTi) and archwire combinations. Methods: Brackets and archwires were analyzed by an Energy Dispersive X-Ray Detector System (EDX) to determine their composition, while NiTi archwire compound was examined by means of X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The immersion test was performed at artificial salivary pH levels of 4.2; 6.5; and 7.6 at 37°C for 28 days. Ni ion release measurement was performed using an Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Surface morphology was analyzed by means of a Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Results: The chemical composition of all orthodontic appliances contained Ni element. In addition, XRD was depicted phases not only NiTi but also Ni, Titanium, Silicon and Zinc Oleate. The immersion test showed that the highest release of Ni ions occured at a pH of 4.2, with no significant difference at various levels of pH (p=.092). There were surface morphology changes in the orthodontic appliances. It was revealed that at a pH of 4.2, the surfaces of orthodontic appliances become unhomogenous and rough compared to those at other pH concentrations. Conclusion: The reduction of pH in the artificial saliva increases the amount of released Ni ions, as well as causing changes to the surface morphology of brackets and archwires.
Optimal Design of Power System Stabilizer In Bakaru Power Plant Using Bat Algorithm
Authors: Djalal Muhammad Ruswandi , Yunus Muhammad Yusuf , Nawir Herman , Imran Andi
Published: November 2017

The problem of using Power System Stabilizer (PSS) in generator excitation is how to determine optimal PSS parameter. To overcome these problems, the authors use a method of intelligent bats based algorithm to design PSS. Bat Algorithm is an algorithm that works based on bat behavior in search of food source. Correlation with this research is, food sources sought by bats represent as PSS parameters to be optimized. Bat's algorithm will work based on a specified destination function, namely Integral Time Absolute Error (ITAE). In this research will be seen the deviation of velocity and rotor angle of each generator, in case of disturbance in bakaru generator. The analysis results show that the uncontrolled system produces a large overshoot oscillation, and after the addition of PSS oscillation control equipment can be muted. So that the overshoot and settling time of each generator can be reduced and the generator can quickly go to steady state condition.
Soybean Productivity as Affected by Raised Seedbeds Under Dry Environments
Authors: Hoppe Aaron R. , Mehring Grant H. , Kandel Hans
Published: November 2017

Background:

Raised seedbeds may be a practice for reducing waterlogging in the rooting zone in soils of the Red River of the North Valley (RRNV). However, it was not known if there would be a negative yield effect of raised beds in drier environments.

Aims / Method:

The objectives of this research were to evaluate soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] response to early season iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC), agronomic characteristics, and productivity when grown on raised seedbeds compared with flat seedbeds. Soybean grain yield on raised seedbeds, averaged across six drier environments in 2012, was similar to flat seedbeds. Although grain yield did not increase on raised seedbeds, grain yield was not reduced in a dry year. Across environments there were no differences in vigor, IDC, canopy closure, plant height, thousand kernel weights, seed protein or oil content, number of seeds or pods per plant, or grain yield comparing raised with flat seedbeds. At the Rothsay environment, there was more IDC with flat seedbeds compared with raised beds. Soybean cultivars significantly differed in their IDC response and in most yield components measured. Averaged across hour of day, soil temperature was significantly higher in the raised seedbed treatments at Fargo and Hitterdal by 0.4 and 0.8 °C, respectively. When averaged across two cultivars and environments, soybean root mass was 0.37 g root-system-1 higher on raised seedbeds.

Result:

Raised seedbeds may be a useful tool to manage IDC and improve soybean productivity in the RRNV, and do not reduce grain yield in environments with below average moisture.
(pMOTAR): A Pilot Study of Mobile Technology to Assess Reactogenicity (Preprint)
Authors: Mngadi Kathryn Therese , Maharaj Bhavna , Duki Yajna , Grove Douglas , Andreisen Jessica
Published: November 2017

BACKGROUND

Accurate safety monitoring in HIV vaccine trials is vital to eventual licensure and consequent uptake of products. Current practice is to capture related side effects in a hardcopy tool, reconciled post vaccination, which is time-consuming, laborious and fraught with error. Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD), commonly used to purchase airtime, has been suggested for collection of safety data in vaccine trials. With saturated access to mobile phones in South Africa, this cheap, accessible tool, may improve accuracy and completeness of collected data, and prove feasible and acceptable over the hardcopy tool.

OBJECTIVE

To develop and implement an USSD tool for real time safety data collection, that is feasible and acceptable to participants and staff, allowing for a completeness and accuracy comparison with the hardcopy tool.

METHODS

This pilot study of Mobile Technology to Assess Reactogenicity (pMOTAR) is being conducted at a single study site in South Africa enrolling participants in a phase 1/2a preventive HIV vaccine trial, as an open-label, randomised controlled trial, to all consenting HVTN 108 participants who continue to receive vaccinations. Participants are randomised 1: 1 to the hardcopy or USSD tool, with data collection targeted to the 3rd and 4th injections in the parent trial. Online feasibility and acceptability surveys will be completed by staff and participants at the post-vaccination visit. Error rates between the hardcopy tool and the USSD print-out and associated documentation will be itemised and compared. We hypothesize that the USSD tool will be shown to be feasible and acceptable to staff and participants and to have superior quality and completion rates to the hardcopy tool.

RESULTS

The study has received regulatory approval. The USSD tool has been designed and developed to include all the data fields required for reactogenicity reporting. Online feasibility and accessibility surveys in both languages have been successfully installed on a tablet. The study has been initiated.

CONCLUSIONS

Several HIV preventive vaccine trials are currently active in Southern Africa, making tools to improve efficiencies and minimise error necessary. Our results will help to determine if the USSD tool can be used in future vaccine studies and eventual roll out.
A Smart Screening Device for Patients with Mental Health Problems in Primary Health Care: Development and Pilot Study (Preprint)
Authors: van Bebber Jan , Meijer Rob R , Wigman Johana TW , Sytema Sjoerd , Wunderink Lex
Published: November 2017

BACKGROUND

Adequate recognition of mental health problems is a prerequisite for successful treatment. Although most people tend to consult their general practitioner (GP) when they first experience mental health problems, GPs are not very well equipped to screen for various forms of psychopathology to help them determine clients’ need for treatment.

OBJECTIVE

In this paper, the development and characteristics of CATja, a computerized adaptive test battery built to facilitate triage in primary care settings, are described, and first results of its implementation are reported.

METHODS

CATja was developed in close collaboration with GPs and mental health assistants (MHAs). During implementation, MHAs were requested to appraise clients’ rankings (N=91) on the domains to be tested and to indicate the treatment level they deemed most appropriate for clients before test administration. We compared the agreement between domain score appraisals and domain score computed by CATja and the agreement between initial (before test administration) treatment level advice and final treatment level advice.

RESULTS

Agreements (Cohen kappas) between MHAs’ appraisals of clients’ scores and clients’ scores computed by CATja were mostly between .40 and .50 (Cohen kappas=.10-.20), and the agreement between “initial” treatment levels and the final treatment level advised was .65 (Cohen kappa=.55).

CONCLUSIONS

Using CATja, caregivers can efficiently generate summaries of their clients’ mental well-being on which decisions about treatment type and care level may be based. Further validation research is needed.
Comparative Analysis of Women With Notable Subjective Health Indicators Compared With Participants in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women�s Health: Cross-Sectional Survey (Preprint)
Authors: Schnelle Christoph , Minford Eunice J , McHardy Vanessa , Keep Jane
Published: November 2017

BACKGROUND

At least six communities with unusually good health and longevity have been identified, but their lifestyles aren’t adopted widely. Informal evidence suggests that women associated with Universal Medicine (UM), a complementary medicine health care organization in Eastern Australia and the United Kingdom with normal lifestyles, also have several unusual health indicators.

OBJECTIVE

Our objective was to determine how UM participants compared with women in the Australian population at large on a variety of health indicators.

METHODS

In an Internet survey conducted July to September 2015, a total of 449 female UM participants from 15 countries responded to 43 health indicator questions taken from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health (ALSWH).

RESULTS

Survey responses revealed large positive differences in mental and physical health when compared with the ALSWH respondents, except for abnormal Pap test and low iron history. Differences and corresponding effect size estimates (Cohen d; ≥0.8 is a high difference, ≥0.5 a medium and ≥0.2 a small one with P<.001 except where indicated) included body mass index (BMI; 1.11), stress level (0.20, P=.006), depression (0.44), summary physical (0.31) and mental health (0.37), general mental health (0.39), emotional (0.15, P=.009) and social functioning (0.22), vitality (0.58), and general health (0.49), as well as lower incidences of diabetes, hypertension, and thrombosis (P<.001 each). Neither education levels nor country of residence had predictive value. Age did not predict BMI.

CONCLUSIONS

The women’s responses notably claim substantially lower levels of illness and disease than in the general Australian population.

CLINICALTRIAL

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR): ACTRN12617000972325; https://www.anzctr. org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=373120&isReview=true (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/ 6wEDDn45O)
Style Sheet File for EndNote Citation Software
Authors: Crandell Otis
Published: November 2017

A style sheet file for use in the EndNote citation software. This file has been tested with versions X4 to X7.
Twelve Month Download and View Report (Vol 1, Nr. 2)
Authors: Crandell Otis
Published: November 2017

The following report summarises the number of views and downloads of each of the articles in Volume 1, Number 2 of the Journal of Lithic Studies until twelve months after publication of this issue.
Exchange networks from close-up: The case of Lipari obsidian
Authors: Vianello Andrea , Tykot Robert Howard
Published: November 2017

A systematic study on obsidian tools in Calabria and Sicily carried out by the authors have revealed the uniqueness in the patterns of production, exchange and consumption of Lipari obsidian. The study has concentrated on the Middle Neolithic primarily, with other Neolithic and Bronze Age contexts recognised at a later stage in the research since many contexts, especially in Sicily, have been excavated by pioneering archaeologists, some over a century ago, or were mislabelled. The chronology is Early Neolithic to Early Bronze Age, with very few materials dating Middle Bronze Age. A review of chronological contexts is in progress, which spans from the 6th millennium BC to the end of the 2nd millennium BC. The typology of obsidian tools is very homogenous, the vast majority of used tools are small blades, bladelets and sharp flakes; there is negligible variance across time; and Lipari obsidian is preferred over other sources. The patterns of the exchanges are also unique, revealing two major types of redistribution of obsidian, one particularly intriguing because it is quite organized with a single source in Lipari, prominent and reminiscent for its stability and reach of Bronze Age redistribution dynamics associated with hierarchical societies. We present here some observations on patterns substantiated by the archaeological record, and consider possible scenarios that can explain them. This work provides an update on progressing research and reveals aspects that will need further investigation, focusing on the patterns identified so far and possible explanations. More work is certainly needed to produce a working model, but the unusual patterns deserve some attention on their own, unencumbered by an overarching explanatory model. In particular, we want to assess the Neolithic redistribution pattern suggestive as typical of hierarchical polities, and contextualize it to the specific situation of Neolithic Lipari.
Jerusalém de Gonçalo M. Tavares: romance-investigação sobre o mal
Authors: Martins Celina Maria
Published: November 2017

O romance Jerusalém é uma reflexão profunda sobre o mal que se propaga como uma pulsão destruidora, revestindo os dispositivos disciplinares do poder-saber que alienam. Baseado na pedagogia da catástrofe de Sloterdijk e na intertextualidade que articula a reescrita do campo de concentração nazista e da Bíblia, o texto interroga a evolução do horror e o enigma da esquizofrenia de Mylia, que desconstrói os fundamentos da psiquiatria, na esteira de Foucault. Ganhando os contornos do ensaio, a ficção recorre ao pensamento de Arendt para criar consciência crítica no leitor. A loucura é a alegoria da decadência dos valores éticos e a lucidez de uma demanda plural de significado a partir da afirmação da memória criadora do passado. ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/abriluff.2017n19a422
Uma edição crítica de Sérgio Nazar David: Almeida Garrett – correspondência para Rodrigo da Fonseca Magalhães
Authors: Fialho Irene
Published: November 2017

Livro resenhado:David, Sérgio Nazar. Almeida Garrett – Correspondência para Rodrigo da Fonseca Magalhães. Lisboa: Imprensa Nacional – Casa da Moeda, 2016, 327 pp. ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/abriluff.2017n19a431
Breve notícia sobre um manuscrito autógrafo de Almeida Garrett: outra versão de um poema de Folhas caídas
Authors: Comandulli da Cunha Ana Cristina
Published: November 2017

Relato do achado de um manuscrito autógrafo de Almeida Garrett, em espólio de António Feliciano de Castilho. ---DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/abriluff.2017n19a440
The Thaksin Shinawatra Group: A Study of the Relationship between Money and Politics in Thailand
Authors: Pathmanand Ukrist
Published: November 2017

Thaksin Shinawatra is a successful Thai business tycoon who

has become extremely wealthy within the last fifteen years from

investment in telecommunications and lately also in mass-transit

infrastructure. He entered politics in the mid-1990s and became

a party leader and minister in several governments.

Through a study of Thaksin's business career and his political

involvement I intend to illustrate how Thai politics functions in

practice, as well as to highlight the intimate links between

money and politics in Thailand, particularly in the telecommunications

sector. During the economic boom the telecommunications

sector was characterised by substantial profits and stiff

competition, but after the economic crisis in July 1997 the Thai

telecoms firms sustained heavy losses. In a surprise move the

two biggest telecommunications conglomerates-Shinawatra

and Charoen Phokapand-announced that they would merge

some of their telecommunications firms, thereby creating one of

the biggest concentrations of assets in Thailand and at the same

time a de fact0 monopolisation of tlie telecommunications

market. As if that were not enough, Shinawatra, together with

his former arch-rival, has launched a new political party-Thai

Rak Thai [Thai loves Thai]. This move may have profound

implications for the development of Thai politics.'
Confucianism, the Idea of Min-Pen, and the Democracy
Authors: Nuyen A. T.
Published: November 2017

With few exceptions, it is believed that Confucianism is incompatible

with democracy. The 'incompatibility thesis' has

attained the status of near orthodoxy. It is shared by commentators

who are hostile as well as those sympathetic to Chinese

culture generally and to Confucianism in particular. The arguments

for incompatibility typically stress the differences between

on the one hand 'democratic values' such as liberty,

equality and plurality, and on the other 'Confucian values' such

as duty, responsibility and loyalty. Having challenged the arguments

for incompatibility by showing that the differences

between so-called democratic values and Confucian values are

in fact greatly exaggerated, the paper proceeds to discuss the

significance of the Confucian idea of min-pen (or min-ben,

people as roots). The aim is to show that philosophical Confucianism

is not only not an obstacle to democracy but could well

be the foundation thereof. The argument will then be further

reinforced by revisiting the old 'modernization thesis.'
Civilsamfundet i det foucaultske blik – magtens relæ eller magtkritikkens base?
Authors: Villadsen Kaspar
Published: November 2017

Denne artikel diskuterer civilsamfundets status i poststrukturelle magtanalyser med særlig fokus på governmentality studier. Den påpeger, at begrebet har en ambivalent status inden for denne tradition: Er det en diskursiv styringskategori? Er det et domæne bestående af bestemte institutioner? Er civilsamfundet et gennemstrømningspunkt for magten eller et sæde for social kritik og modmagt? Disse uklarheder udfordres af de senere års politisk-administrative omfavnelse af ”civilsamfund”, ”lokale fællesskaber” og ”velfærdspluralisme”, hvorved civilsamfundets styrings- og kritikpotentialer sammenvæves på nye og uventede måder. To centrale bidrag til teoretisering af magt og civilsamfund vurderes nærmere, nemlig henholdsvis Michael Hardt & Antonio Negri og Nikolas Rose. Mens Hardt & Negri hævder, at civilsamfundet er blevet gennemtrængt af kontrolsamfundets flydende magtformer, tillader Roses foucault-inspirerede tilgang at begribe civilsamfundet som på én gang styringskategori og base for modstand. Artiklen præciserer desuden Foucaults egen forståelse af civilsamfundet og foreslår forskydninger i den foucauldianske tilgang til velfærdsstat og civilsamfund i lyset af aktuelle velfærdsreformer.

Søgeord: Civilsamfund, governmentalitet, Empire, kritik, poststrukturalisme, Foucault.

ENGELSK ABSTRACT:
Kaspar Villadsen: Civil Society through the Foucauldian Gaze: Networks of Micro-power or the Basis of Critique?

This article considers the treatment of civil society in post structural analysis of power, paying particular attention to governmentality studies. The concept of civil society has an ambivalent status in this tradition. Is it a discursive category of government? Is it a domain constituted by particular institutions? Is civil society permeated by networks of power or is it a seat of social critique and resistance? These ambiguities become more precarious as political and administrative strategies increasingly embrace ”civil society”, ”local communities”, and ”welfare pluralism”, thereby intertwining the potentials of governing and the critique of civil society in new and unexpected ways. The article discusses two influential contributions to theorizing the relationship between power and civil society, Michael Hardt & Antonio Negri and Nikolas Rose. While Hardt & Negri suggest that civil society has become penetrated by the fluid powers of control society, Rose’s Foucault-inspired approach allows us to conceive of civil society as a category of government and a base for resistance at the same time. The article also discusses Foucault’s own conception of civil society and suggests modifications in the foucauldian stance on welfare state and civil society in light of current welfare reforms.

Key words: Civil society, governmentality, Empire, critique, post structuralisme, Foucault.
Overvågning som situeret praksis – et teoretisk bidrag til overvågningsforskningen
Authors: Gad Christopher , Lauritsen Peter
Published: November 2017

To metaforer, Big Brother og panoptikon, dominerer diskussioner om overvågnings generelle karakteristika. På trods af forskelle bidrager de begge til at skabe en bekymret og kritisk indstilling til fænomenet og rummer derved nogle væsentlige analytiske begrænsninger.
Med udgangspunkt i Donna Haraways begreb om ”situeret viden” og Bruno Latours begreb om ”oligoptikon” udvikler artiklen en alternativ forståelse, hvor overvågning ses som et situeret fænomen. Begrebet ”situeret overvågning” udvikles videre gennem et empirisk studie af overvågningspraksis på det danske fiskerikontrolskib Vestkysten. Det viser sig, at overvågning på Vestkysten ikke lader sig indfange med Big Brother og panoptikon som udgangspunkt. På Vestkysten handler overvågning også om omsorg, modstand, friktion og om en situation, hvor forholdet mellem overvåger og overvåget udviskes.

Søgeord: Situeret viden, Big Brother, panoptikon, oligopticon, overvågning, fiskerikontrol.

ENGELSK ABSTRACT:
Christopher Gad and Peter Lauritsen: Surveillance as Situated Practice

Two ideas dominate the debates about the general characteristics of surveillance: Big Brother and the panopticon. These ideas foster a critical stance towards surveillance and have important analytical limitations. This paper develops an alternative understanding of surveillance as a situated phenomenon. Drawing on the work of Donna Haraway and Bruno Latour the concept of “situated surveillance” is developed through a case study of surveillance activities onboard the Danish fisheries inspection vessel Vestkysten. The case study shows how surveillance in this context is different from what one would imagine if Big Brother or the panopticon was chosen as starting point for analysis. Surveillance onboard Vestkysten is about care, resistance and friction in a situation in which the distinction between the observer and the observed is blurred.

Key words: Situated knowledge, Big Brother, panopticon, oligopticon, surveillance, fisheries inspection.
Villkorat partnerskap: Demokrati och social inkludering i relationer mellan bildningsförbund och föreningar bildade på etnisk grund
Authors: Dahlstedt Magnus , Ålund Aleksandra , Ålund Anna
Published: November 2017

Artikeln belyser samverkan mellan sammanslutningar bildade på etnisk grund och folkbildningens studieförbund i Sverige. Engagemang för social inkludering har fått en ökad betydelse för ”invandrarföreningar”. Samtidigt är dessa föreningar inte sällan utsatta för stigmatisering och försatta i en underordnad position. Med utgångspunkt i fältarbete i det mångetniska Stockholm pekar författarna på hur ”invandrarföreningar” har blivit till institutionaliserade samverkansaktörer i nya former av partnerskap (mellan till exempel stat och kommun, frivilligorganisationer och näringsliv) där de har tagit över en rad servicefunktioner i och med välfärdsstatens pågående omvandling. Exemplet samverkan kring folkbildning visar på ett starkt ojämlikt partnerskap mellan ”invandrarföreningar” och studieförbund. Några av de omständigheter som lyfts fram som problematiska är brist på dialog, kulturellt definierade hierarkier mellan ”svenskar” och ”invandrare” och en allt starkare anpassning i förhållande till marknadens krav och förväntningar.

Sökord: Folkbildning, invandrarföreningar, partnerskap, inkludering, exkludering.

ENGELSK ABSTRACT:
Magnus Dahlstedt, Aleksandra Ålund, and Anna Ålund:
Conditional Partnership: Democracy and Social Inclusion in Relations Between Institutions of Adult Education and Immigrant Associations

The authors discuss the cooperation between immigrant associations and public institutions for adult education in Sweden. They emphasize the growing importance of activism for social inclusion among immigrant associations and
the stigmatization and subordinate position of these same organizations. Based on empirical case studies from metropolitan Stockholm, the authors argue that these associations have become more or less institutionalized in terms of new partnerships (between state, municipality and volunteer organizations) and have taken over a number of service functions from the retreating welfare state. The authors argue that the partnership in the area of adult education is unequal. They examine problems of this partnership both in terms of lack of dialogue and culturally defi ned hierarchy and in terms of adjustment to
market exigency. They do this on the backdrop of the changing institutional system of adult education and its role in the social inclusion of migrants.

Key words: Adult education, immigrant organisations, partnership, inclusion, exclusion.
Tør vi tro på bæredygtig mobilitet – Lefebvres mulige umuligheder
Authors: Freudendal-Pedersen Malene
Published: November 2017

Henri Lefebvre var optimist, han troede på det mulige. Denne optimisme og stærke tro på, at en anderledes verden er mulig, er af afgørende betydning, hvis vi skal i mødekomme de udfordringer, som klimaforandringerne skaber. Det senmoderne hverdagsliv betyder mange muligheder og aktiviteter, der skal overvejes og gennemføres. I håndteringen af dette hverdagsliv er det ofte bilen, der kommer til at fungere som det, der virkeliggør disse muligheder. Hvordan bilen som mobilitetsform har fået så stor en betydning, og hvordan vi eventuelt kan erstatte bilen med andre bæredygtige mobiliteter, diskuteres i denne artikel – inspireret af Lefebvres tro på de mulige umuligheder. Bæredygtig mobilitet bliver udråbt som vores mulige umulighed, hvis vi vil skabe sociale, økonomiske og miljømæssige bæredygtig byer.

ENGELSK ABSTRACT:

Malene Freudendal-Pedersen: Dare We Believe in Sustain-able Mobility – Lefebvre’s Possible Impossibilities

Lefebvre was an optimist, he believed in the possible. This optimism and strong belief that a different world is possible is essential if we are to meet the challenges created by climate change. Late modern everyday life means that there are numerous opportunities and activities to be considered and implemented. In dealing with everyday life, the car is often the means that can actualize these opportunities. This article discusses how the car has become so important and how we might replace it with other sustainable mobilities. It is inspired by Le-febvre’s belief in possible impossibilities. Sustainable mobility is discussed as our possible impossibility in order to create social, economic and environmental sustainable cities.
Forskere – rekruttering, karriere og social baggrund
Authors: Andersen Heine
Published: November 2017

Artiklen fokuserer på den meget store skævhed i bestanden af forskere, betinget af oprindelsesklasse. Hovedparten af denne skævhed opstår i uddannelses-forløbet, men skævheden forstærkes yderligere ved selektion til forskerkarriere. Det undersøges, om disse skævheder i forhold til social oprindelse fortsat gør sig gældende i forskningens konkurrencesystem, hvor inklusion og belønninger i henhold til officielle normer skulle være baseret på faglig meritering, jf. Mertons CUDOS-normsæt. Analysen viser stærk indikation på socialt betinget selvselektion ved selve indgangen til forskerkarriere med overvægt af ansøgere med baggrund i en kulturel overklasse. Derimod er økonomisk overklasse ikke overrepræsenteret. På efterfølgende selektionstrin finder vi ikke tilsvarende skævheder, et enkelt sted ligefrem modsat, at arbejderklassebaggrund giver bedre odds. En markant undtagelse udgør Ung Eliteforskerpris, hvor vi finder en stærk overrepræsentation af unge fra kulturel overklasse. Meritter ser samtidig ud til at have betydning på alle trin. Forskellige teser til forklaring heraf afprøves og diskuteres.

ENGELSK ABSTRACT:

Heine Andersen: Researchers – Recruitment, Career and Social Origins

The focus in this article is the strong social class bias in the population of researchers in Denmark. Most of this bias arises in selection processes occurring during education, but the bias is further enhanced at the commencement of the researcher career. The article analyses the impact of social origins of this bias at different steps in the research competition system, where inclusion and rewards according to official standards should be based on academic merit, according to Merton’s CUDOS-norms. The analysis shows strong evidence of self-selection based on class origins at the very beginning of the researcher career, with candidates of cultural upper class origin being highly over-represented (but not economic upper class). In subsequent selection steps, we found no such bias, in one case exactly the opposite, a working class background giving better odds. One notable exception was Danish Research Council’s “Young Researchers Award”, where we find a strong over-representation of young researchers from the cultural upper class. Merits seem to have an impact on all stages.

Key words: Researchers, social origins, social mobility, career, CUDOS-norms.
Det meningsfulde arbejdsliv og ”religiøficeringen” af organisationen
Authors: Kure Nikolaj
Published: November 2017

Artiklen er en systemteoretisk analyse af tre managementbøger: Lars Kolinds
Kolind Kuren, Alfred Josefsens Min passion for ledelse og Mads Øvlisens Heartcore.
Bøgerne repræsenterer det, der kunne kaldes ”meningskommunikation”,
nemlig kommunikation, der sætter en større bestemmelse – en ”mening” – som organisationens egentlige formål og eksistensbetingelse. I artiklen undersøger
jeg, hvad der sættes på spil, når mening gøres til et centralt element
i organisationers kommunikation. Med afsæt i systemteorien vil jeg hævde, at
meningskommunikationen udfolder en religiøs kodning, der 1) iagttager organisationens beslutninger med afsæt i sondringen immanens/transcendens, og 2) inviterer medarbejderen til at iagttage sig selv som formidler mellem det immanente og det transcendente gennem inkarnationen af organisationens
større bestemmelse. Mit argument er altså, at meningskommunikationen ikke
blot handler om ”at gøre en positiv forskel”, men om at gøre medarbejderen
til genstand for religiøs selvrefleksion. Hvis det er rigtigt, betyder det, at
medarbejderens personlighed gøres organisatorisk relevant på en ny måde. I
denne kontekst sættes personligheden ikke længere som noget, der kontinuerligt
skal udvikles, men snarere som et afsluttet reservoir af begivenheder og
historier, der potentielt kan udtrykke det transcendente.

ENGELSK ABSTRACT:

Nikolaj Kure: Meaningful Working Life and its Religious Coding

The article is a systems theoretical analysis of three contemporary Danish books about management: Lars Kolind’s Kolind Kuren, Alfred Josefsen’s Min passion for ledelse and Mads Øvlisen’s Heartcore. These books discuss what could be called “meanings communication”. This is the idea that communication defines the larger purpose – or meaning – in an organization’s raison d’être. I examine what is at stake when organizations put meaning at the heart of their communication. My main contention is that meaning communication displays a religious code that 1) observes decisions by means of the scheme immanence/transcendence, and 2) invites the employee to observe herself as an intermediary between the observable and the transcendent through the incarnation of the organization’s ”meaning”. I argue that “meanings communication” is not simply about ”making a positive difference” but about making the employee reflect about herself in a religious manner. If I am right, this suggests that organizations’ views on personality are changing. The employee then should see her own personality not as an object of continuous development, but as a reservoir of events and stories that may reflect the organization’s transcendent meaning.

Key words: Meaningful work, religion in work, systems theory, self-management.