bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Components of Digital Humanities in Indian LIS Curricula
Authors: Das Suman , Tripathi Manorama , Das Anup Kumar
Published: October 2023

Digital Humanities (DH) is an interdisciplinary academic discipline that employs computational techniques to
address humanities and social science problems. It merges various domains such as history, philosophy, literature,
and modern languages, offering unique approaches to traditional inquiries. DH has gained considerable popularity among students, academicians, and Library and Information Science (LIS) professionals, creating new employment opportunities in libraries, museums, archives, cultural heritage organisations, data science, and other sectors. In India, DH is still in its early stages, with diverse manifestations in university-level teaching and learning practices. This study examines the DH components integrated into the LIS course curriculum by analysing syllabi and course descriptions from central universities. Additionally, we briefly review DH research projects and programs in India and abroad. To enhance the design and implementation of DH programs and degrees alongside LIS curricula, a course module for DH within LIS schools is proposed. This research extends insights into DH pedagogical practices within librarianship education, offering a comprehensive perspective on contextual frameworks, academic discussions, development trends in DH, and the LIS field in India.
Analityka i metafizyka w teorii estetycznej Johanna Gottfrieda Herdera
Authors: Michalski Rafał Andrzej
Published: October 2023

The main purpose of this article is to discuss the basic assumptions of the analytic method in Johann Gottfried Herder’s philosophy of art and theory of sense cognition. Analytic method, along with phenomenology and historical hermeneutics, is an essential component of his innovative project of philosophical aesthetics, which is based on the assumptions of sensualist metaphysics. The goal of Herder’s phenomenology is to isolate the sensory fields on which the various types of art are founded and to grasp the essential, qualitative features of a work of art. Hermeneutics examines the context of historical and cultural conditions that have determined such and not other forms of artistic expression and the laws that govern it. Meanwhile, the analysis of aesthetic categories serves as an organizing framework for synthesizing the findings obtained through the implementation of other research methods, thus laying the foundation for the theoretical edifice of aesthetics. The reconstruction of the analytics and metaphysics of aesthetics will be preceded by a discussion of the philosophical ideas of Leibniz and Baumgarten on which Herder’s theory is based.
Idea „ekonomii przyrody ożywionej” jako próba wyjaśnienia jej jedności, harmonii, ciągłości i stabilności
Authors: Pietrzak Zbigniew
Published: October 2023

Attempts to explain the “phenomenon” of the stability and unity of nature were the subject of philosophical reflections and then of natural science research. The purpose of formulated concepts was to capture and describe the mechanisms of the perceived harmony of nature, for instance, in archaic myths personifying nature or in ancient Ionian philosophy. In modern times, these ideas were expressed in the form of a principle analogous to the contemporary “energy conservation law” and “the chain of being,” and finally they were covered in Linnaeus’s work under the common name “oeconomia naturae.” These ideas were reformulated by Darwin in his theory in which he concluded that this stability and harmony can be described using the term “economy of nature.” Such an approach to natural phenomena, allowing observation of new relationships between various elements of nature, made it possible to mathematize the sciences of animate nature. Changes in the perception of nature (philosophy of nature) had their consequences in the methodology of the natural sciences. Darwin’s theory reinterprets all earlier ideas, reducing their sense to the balance between costs and benefits, losses and profits. The contents of the article focus on discussing the concepts of Linnaeus and Darwin, treating previous ideas as introduction to the actual issues.
Detection of driver drowsiness level using a hybrid learning model based on ECG signals
Authors: Xiong Hui , Yan Yan , Sun Lifei , Liu Jinzhen , Han Yuqing , Xu Yangyang
Published: October 2023

Objectives

Fatigue has a considerable impact on the driver’s vehicle and even the driver’s own operating ability.

Methods

An intelligent algorithm is proposed for the problem that it is difficult to classify the degree of drowsiness generated by the driver during the driving process. By studying the driver’s electrocardiogram (ECG) during driving, two models were established to jointly classify the ECG signals as awake, stress, and fatigue or drowsiness states for drowsiness levels. Firstly, the deep learning method was used to establish the model_1 to predict the drowsiness of the original ECG, and model_2 was developed using the combination of principal component analysis (PCA) and weighted K-nearest neighbor (WKNN) algorithm to classify the heart rate variability characteristics. Then, the drowsiness prediction results of the two models were weighted according to certain rules, and the hybrid learning model combining dilated convolution and bidirectional long short-term memory network with PCA and WKNN algorithm was established, and the mixed model was denoted as DiCNN-BiLSTM and PCA-WKNN (DBPW). Finally, the validity of the DBPW model was verified by simulation of the public database.

Results

The experimental results show that the average accuracy, sensitivity and F1 score of the test model in the dataset containing multiple drivers are 98.79, 98.81, and 98.79 % respectively, and the recognition accuracy for drowsiness or drowsiness state is 99.33 %.

Conclusions

Using the proposed algorithm, it is possible to identify driver anomalies and provide new ideas for the development of intelligent vehicles.
Using calcined waste fish bones as a green solid catalyst for biodiesel production from date seed oil
Authors: Alsaiari Raiedhah A. , Musa Esraa M. , Alsaiari Aeshah H. , Alsaiari Shuruq S. , Alsaiari Sarah S. , Rizk Moustafa A.
Published: October 2023

Since biodiesels are widely considered more environmentally friendly and ecologically sustainable than fuels derived from petroleum – as well as producing greener energy at a lower price – this belief has encouraged the growth of the bio-economy. The primary objective of this work was to investigate the use of a novel non-edible feedstock obtained from date seed oil for the production of environmentally friendly biodiesel. This was achieved via the application of creative and different hydroxyapatite (HAPT) heterogeneous catalysts. These catalysts were obtained from discarded fish bones that were synthesized from dried fish bone and subjected to calcination at different temperatures. This study used several analytical methods, including transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis, to investigate the properties of a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable catalyst derived from waste fish bones. HAPT is the key component of calcined catalysts, and this was confirmed using XRD analysis. The findings revealed that the transesterification activity was optimal when the catalyst was calcined at 900°C. Moreover, this produced a maximum yield of 89% fatty acid ethyl esters (FAMEs) when optimal reaction conditions were achieved (3-h reaction time, 9:1 ethanol/oil molar ratio, and catalyst amount of 4.5 wt%). Additionally, the catalyst was found to be durable and reusable throughout the biodiesel production process. The confirmation of FAME production was achieved using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. This approach could facilitate the production of low-cost, environmentally friendly technology. Additionally, it was established that the characteristics of the biodiesel complied with ASTM D6571, an American fuel regulation. Green energy approaches can also be beneficial for the environment, which could ultimately improve societal and economic development for the biodiesel business on a larger scale.
A comparative study to solve fractional initial value problems in discrete domain
Authors: Abed Alaa Mohsin , Jafari Hossein , Mechee Mohammed Sahib
Published: October 2023

In this article, we used some methods to solve Riemann-type fractional difference equations. Firstly, we use a method that is a composite method based on the successive approximation method with the Sumudu transform. Secondly, we use a method that is a composite method that consists of the homotopic perturbation method with the Sumudu transform. It was found that the results obtained from these combined methods are identical when compared. We also provided theories and illustrative examples to support the research findings.
Chinese EFL learners’ basic psychological needs satisfaction and foreign language emotions: a person-centered approach
Authors: Feng Enhao , Zhao Xian , Wang Huiyu
Published: October 2023

The importance of emotion in language learning is well recognized, but the significant contribution of basic psychological needs (BPNs) to emotion has been neglected. Moreover, prior studies have mainly used variable-centered approaches to investigate associations between emotions and their antecedents, which has uncovered only part of their relationships. Therefore, this study first set out to reveal the general levels, and gender differences of BPNs satisfaction (autonomy, competence, and relatedness) and foreign language emotions (enjoyment, anxiety, and boredom), and the bivariate correlations between them among 948 Chinese university English foreign language learners. Using a person-centered approach (i.e., latent profile analysis), the present study further investigated the latent profiles of BPNs satisfaction and examined how emotions differ across these profiles. Results revealed middle to high levels of BPNs satisfaction, enjoyment, and anxiety, but a low level of boredom. Males reported higher levels of BPNs satisfaction, enjoyment, and lower anxiety than females. Four profiles of BPNs satisfaction were identified, namely average-satisfaction, below-average satisfaction, low-satisfaction, and high-satisfaction. The majority of students fell into the average-satisfaction profile. Students in the high-satisfaction had the most positive emotional outcomes, while those in the low-satisfaction reported the opposite pattern. Theoretical and pedagogical implications were then provided.
Toward a better understanding of student engagement with peer feedback: a longitudinal study
Authors: Qian Jinghua , Li Danli
Published: October 2023

While the past two decades have witnessed enormous growth in research on student engagement with feedback on second language (L2) writing, little attention has been paid to student engagement with peer feedback longitudinally through peer feedback interaction. This study explored how 12 students engaged with peer feedback cognitively, behaviorally, and affectively over a semester of L2 writing and learning, and what factors influenced student engagement. Data were collected from peer feedback dialogue, multiple drafts of compositions, retrospective verbal reports, feedback notes, self-reflection, and focus groups. Data were analyzed through text analysis, content analysis, and thematic analysis. The findings revealed that student engagement with peer feedback varied over four writing tutorials. Face-to-face peer feedback contributed to maintaining sustainable student engagement with peer feedback. Other learner-related factors such as learner beliefs, language proficiency, product-oriented mindset, and context-related factors such as task requirements, feedback-related issues, and interaction patterns jointly influenced student engagement.
Reducing latency in optical 6G waveforms using joint detection and channel estimation techniques
Authors: Gaur Nishant
Published: October 2023

The pursuit of ultra-low latency is a pivotal goal in advancing the capabilities of optical non-orthogonal multiple access sixth generation (O-NOMA-6G) waveforms. This study explores the application of maximum likelihood (ML) and expectation-maximization (EM) techniques to mitigate latency in optical communication systems. ML offers direct parameter estimation for rapid symbol detection, while EM addresses latency through iterative estimation of hidden variables and parameters. By leveraging the benefits of both techniques, this research proposes novel latency reduction approaches in optical 6G. The investigation encompasses theoretical analysis, simulation, and performance evaluation under Rician and Rayleigh channel conditions for different parameters such as bit error rate (BER), power spectral density (PSD) and peak to average power density (PSD). Simulation results demonstrate that ML and EM effectively reduce latency, and enable seamless integration of time-sensitive applications in optical 6G networks as compared with the conventional ML and ML methods. The outcomes of this study provide valuable insights into throughput and PSD enhancement contributing to the realization of ultra-responsive and O-NOMA 6G waveform.
Ideal Theory and Real Politics: The Politics in Political Liberalism
Authors: Cheng Darren
Published: October 2023

Realist thinkers in political philosophy often criticize ideal theorists for neglecting or eliminating the fact of politics in their work. This is supposed to be problematic because we should never expect to overcome politics. Any theory that attempts to do so is said to be unrealistic, naïve, and impractical. Although much has been said in the dispute between realists and ideal theorists in recent years, this particular line of criticism, which should be distinguished from other criticisms of ideal theory, has not been clearly or explicitly addressed by ideal theorists in the literature. I deal with this issue by examining the ideal theory of John Rawls, which has been a prominent target of realist criticisms. My aim is to see where politics exists, or might exist, in Rawls’s theory, and whether this politics satisfactorily answers to the various aspects of the realist’s critique. My analysis suggests that there may be no inherent or necessary conflict between ideal theory and real politics, after all.
Developing a Methodology for Hymnal Revision within a Contemporary, Multi-Ethnic Framework: A Proposal
Authors: Teixeira Coelho L. C.
Published: October 2023

This article addresses the topic of hymnal revision in the context of liturgical churches by proposing a methodology that takes into account both historical developments in the field of hymnology and recent concerns regarding the Liturgical Movement and theological considerations that have arisen in the last few decades. The text proposes, in practical terms, a methodology and a structure for developing and/or revising hymnals in the context of ecumenically minded, contemporary, liturgical churches.
Global organic acids production and their industrial applications
Authors: Ghai Mansha , Agnihotri Nivedita , Kumar Vikas , Agnihotri Rajesh , Kumar Amit , Sahu Komal
Published: October 2023

Organic acids are key to the biological, physical, and chemical functions of the life. These acids naturally occur in animals, foods, and microorganisms. Their molecular configurations drive several physical characteristics imperative to well-being. Organic acids are applied in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, cleaning and food industries. For decades, natural and chemical production of organic acids has thrived, however microbial fermentation has been considered environmentally sustainable approach. Various low-cost substrates are employed as substrate during microbial fermentation. The organic acids production from microbial origin account for the majority of the acids produced on a large industrial basis. Numerous organic acids from bacterial and fungal origin have significance and their biological production offers clear benefits as compared to chemical synthesis in terms of cost. The article illustrates a brief description of the various organic acids in a systematic way along with a survey on the relative production methods.
Studying the effects of siloxane poisoning on a SnO2 metal oxide semiconductor gas sensor in temperature cycled operation enabling self-monitoring and self-compensation
Authors: Schultealbert Caroline , Baur Tobias , Sauerwald Tilman , Schütze Andreas
Published: October 2023

This work studies poisoning by the cyclic siloxane octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane on a commercially available semiconductor gas sensor in TCO (temperature cycled operation). The data is evaluated using the Sauerwald-Baur model and the DSR method (differential surface reduction). The sensitivity towards several gases (volatile organic compounds, hydrogen and carbon monoxide) is evaluated and compared with a sensor in constant temperature operation mode. The physical and chemical processes on the sensitive layer as well as the resulting selectivity towards hydrogen are discussed. A feature is identified that can be derived from the Sauerwald-Baur model (the differential surface oxidation, DSO) and that quantitatively expresses the sensor condition regarding siloxane poisoning. With the help of this feature, a self-compensation of the sensor signal is demonstrated.
Associations of Usual and Fast Gait Speed With Physical Performance and Balance Confidence in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Implications for Assessment
Authors: Tiernan Chad , Schwarz David J. , Goldberg Allon
Published: October 2023

Background and Purpose:

Gait speed is a robust measure that offers many advantages clinically. However, decisions concerning its utilization exist, including whether to assess usual or fast gait speed. The current study aimed to identify whether usual or fast gait speed was more strongly associated with physical performance measures and balance confidence. A secondary aim was to explore these relationships within subgroups based on fall risk status.

Methods:

This was an observational study with a cross-sectional design involving 57 community-dwelling older adults (77.2% female; mean age = 68.8, SD = 6.5 years, range = 60-87 years) who were assessed on the following variables: usual and fast gait speed, knee extension strength, step execution time, 6-minute walk test (6MWT), and Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC-6). Spearman ρ correlations were computed to determine bivariate associations of usual and fast gait speed with physical performance measures and balance confidence for the whole sample and within subgroups based on fall risk [lower fall risk (n = 28) vs higher fall risk (n = 29)]. Multiple linear regression models were estimated with either usual or fast gait speed as key predictors of knee extension strength, step execution time, 6MWT, and ABC-6.

Results and Discussion:

Stronger correlations were observed for fast gait speed compared with usual gait speed with all physical performance measures and balance confidence for the entire sample and within the higher fall risk group. Multiple regression results indicated that models with fast rather than usual gait speed as the key predictor explained more of the variance in 6MWT (R
2 = 64.5% vs 45.6%), ABC-6 (R
2 = 28.5% vs 25.4%), step execution time (R
2 = 24.9% vs 19.0%), and knee extension strength (R
2 = 15.7% vs 7.2%).

Conclusions:

Fast gait speed showed stronger associations and better predictive capabilities compared with usual gait speed with physical performance measures and balance confidence in older adults. Despite being measured less often than usual gait speed, fast gait speed assessment warrants additional consideration.
Development Pathways for the Sport Scientist: A Process for the United States
Authors: Gleason Benjamin H. , Suchomel Timothy J. , Pyne David B. , Comfort Paul , McMahon Eric , Hornsby W. Guy , Lis Ryan P. , Stone Michael H.
Published: October 2023

A variety of sport organizations employ sport scientists (SSs) in a range of capacities to support team operations, whereas universities employ SSs in academic (teaching and research), consulting, and support roles. Despite the growth in professional opportunities in the United States over the last few decades, little discussion has occurred to identify best practices in developing SSs. Here, we identify several examples of professional development pathways used by overseas organizations that govern SS roles and highlight key features of existing U.S.-based sport support role pathways. This information can be used to develop, implement, and evaluate professional training of SSs, along with shaping SS training programs in the U.S.
Expert Consensus on the Role of Pharmaco-complementary Medicine for the Management of Diabetic Complications Using Modified Delphi Method
Authors: H. Assaad-Khalil Samir , Samna Samir George , Elebrashy Ibrahim Naguib , El-Nahas Mamdouh , El Hefnawy M. Hesham , Eltoony Lobna Farag , Elhadidy Khaled Elsayed , Elmessallamy Fawzy AF , Megallaa Magdy Helmy , Khalifa Walaa A , M. Elsherbiny Tamer , G. Amin Noha , Hassan Zeitoun Mohamed , Safwat Michael
Published: October 2023

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from insulin resistance and/or deficiency. It is associated with numerous complications, including microvascular and macrovascular complications. Micronutrient deficiencies are commonly observed in individuals with diabetes due to the metabolic changes that occur in the body and the increased renal excretion. Several studies have shown that diabetes patients are at an increased risk of developing micronutrient deficiencies such as vitamin D, thiamine, vitamin B12, folate, magnesium, and zinc. The consequences of micronutrient deficiencies in diabetic patients can be significant. The aim of this study was to achieve a consensus on the use of complementary pharmacological therapies in the management of diabetic complications, through a modified Delphi methodology. Methods: A three-round modified Delphi Procedure was conducted to define recommendations regarding the role of Pharmaco-Complementary medicine in the management of Diabetic complications using a web-based questionnaire. The questionnaire included a set of 65 questions. The level of Consensus was defined based on the level of agreement among the panelists on specific scientific statements. Strong Consensus was defined as ≥80% agreement, Moderate Consensus with Agreement between 65% and up to 79%, and Low Consensus level with statements below 65% agreement. Results: Eighteen experts in the field of diabetes participated in the development of this consensus. Three rounds of voting were held, followed by data analysis and consensus level calculation. Out of 47 statements, a total of 33 statements achieved moderate – strong consensus (moderate: 65% - 79% agreement, strong: ≥80% agreement). Conclusion: Experts concluded that the use of pharmaco-complementary medications such as CoQ10, Benfotiamine, Magnesium, and EPA can potentially improve glycemic control, insulin sensitivity, and manage diabetic complications. This consensus can serve as a valuable tool for clinicians in managing diabetes, and its complications, and can provide direction for future research. Keywords: Diabetes, Consensus; Pharmaco-complementary, Delphi, Complications
Exploring the Properties of Functional Groups and Biomolecules
Authors: Brady Rebecca J. , Patel Maya R.
Published: October 2023

A solid understanding of the chemical properties of bonds, functional groups, and molecules is an essential component of general biology. Students often struggle to connect these concepts and apply them appropriately. Manipulatives provide a concrete tool for visualizing these concepts and allow the instructor to see (literally) what students do not understand. Here, we present a manipulatives-based exercise that reinforces student understanding and application of the properties of hydrocarbons, functional groups, carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. The exercise also explores how functional groups contribute to the shape and properties of different classes of biomolecules. The structure of this activity helps both instructors and students identify misconceptions and provides an opportunity to resolve them through peer learning, modeling, and individual attention from the instructor.
Deceptive Gender Equality
Authors: Jo Jungin , Hwang Wonjae
Published: October 2023

Despite achievements in women’s economic and political empowerment, gender inequalities persist in the key socioeconomic areas of health and education in Laos. How can we explain these gaps in equality? We analyze how Lao people perceive gender equality and how differences in the perception of multiple dimensions of gender equality affect women’s rights in healthcare and education. The results of a 2023 survey of 664 Laotians highlight the perception of equal responsibilities as the key dimension of gender equality, which may limit the improvement of gender equality in health. The results imply that female leadership and greater public consideration of gender equality with respect to rights and opportunities may promote gender equality in Laos. This study contributes to the study of perceptions and practices of gender equality in non-Western countries.
Break‐induced RNA–DNA hybrids (BIRDHs) in homologous recombination: friend or foe?
Authors: Gómez‐González Belén , Aguilera Andrés
Published: October 2023

Double‐strand breaks (DSBs) are the most harmful DNA lesions, with a strong impact on cell proliferation and genome integrity. Depending on cell cycle stage, DSBs are preferentially repaired by non‐homologous end joining or homologous recombination (HR). In recent years, numerous reports have revealed that DSBs enhance DNA–RNA hybrid formation around the break site. We call these hybrids “break‐induced RNA–DNA hybrids” (BIRDHs) to differentiate them from sporadic R‐loops consisting of DNA–RNA hybrids and a displaced single‐strand DNA occurring co‐transcriptionally in intact DNA. Here, we review and discuss the most relevant data about BIRDHs, with a focus on two main questions raised: (i) whether BIRDHs form by de novo transcription after a DSB or by a pre‐existing nascent RNA in DNA regions undergoing transcription and (ii) whether they have a positive role in HR or are just obstacles to HR accidentally generated as an intrinsic risk of transcription. We aim to provide a comprehensive view of the exciting and yet unresolved questions about the source and impact of BIRDHs in the cell.
NRF3 suppresses squamous carcinogenesis, involving the unfolded protein response regulator HSPA5
Authors: Gurri Selina , Siegenthaler Beat , Cangkrama Michael , Restivo Gaetana , Huber Marcel , Saliba James , Dummer Reinhard , Blank Volker , Hohl Daniel , Werner Sabine
Published: October 2023

Epithelial skin cancers are extremely common, but the mechanisms underlying their malignant progression are still poorly defined. Here, we identify the NRF3 transcription factor as a tumor suppressor in the skin. NRF3 protein expression is strongly downregulated or even absent in invasively growing cancer cells of patients with basal and squamous cell carcinomas (BCC and SCC). NRF3 deficiency promoted malignant conversion of chemically induced skin tumors in immunocompetent mice, clonogenic growth and migration of human SCC cells, their invasiveness in 3D cultures, and xenograft tumor formation. Mechanistically, the tumor‐suppressive effect of NRF3 involves HSPA5, a key regulator of the unfolded protein response, which we identified as a potential NRF3 interactor. HSPA5 levels increased in the absence of NRF3, thereby promoting cancer cell survival and migration. Pharmacological inhibition or knock‐down of HSPA5 rescued the malignant features of NRF3‐deficient SCC cells in vitro and in preclinical mouse models. Together with the strong expression of HSPA5 in NRF3‐deficient cancer cells of SCC patients, these results suggest HSPA5 inhibition as a treatment strategy for these malignancies in stratified cancer patients.
Dimensional Accuracy, Surface Roughness and Hardness Properties for Microplate Implants Manufacturing by EDM Die-Sinking Process
Authors: Yani Kurniawan  , Dede Lia Zariatin  , Pratik Suko Pangarsono  , Bambang Cahyadi  , Bambang Sulaksono
Published: October 2023

The high cost of manufacturing microplate implants is a primary issue. This is because the production of microplate implants uses the micro-milling and wire-EDM process. Production costs can be reduced using one machining process, and die-sinking EDM is an alternative in the manufacturing of microplate implants. This paper investigates the capability of EDM die-sinking in manufacturing microplate implants. This paper also studies the reaction of electrode materials and pulse currents to the microplate’s dimensional accuracy, surface roughness and hardness. The process of EDM die-sinking uses electrodes of graphite and copper with pulse current variance of 6, 9, and 13 A. The experiment results indicate that the process of EDM die-sinking success in manufacturing microplates on commercially pure titanium sheets. Decreasing the pulse current can improve dimensional accuracy, smoothen surface roughness and minimize the hardness decrease of the microplate. These results are better using the copper electrode compare with the graphite electrode. The best quality of the microplate is at 93.3% dimensional accuracy, 5.28 µm surface roughness, and a 12% decrease in hardness. The best quality microplates was achieved by using copper electrodes with a 6 A pulse current.
Fabrication and Characterization of Semi-refined Carrageenan Films Incorporated with TiO2 Nanoparticles
Authors: ABD HAMID KHADIJAH HUSNA , Jayakumar Tarchiani , Gunasegaran Sarmeswari , MOHD AZMAN NURUL AINI
Published: October 2023

In this study, a packaging film was developed using semi-refined carrageenan, incorporating varying concentrations of TiO2 nanoparticles. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of TiO2 nanoparticles on the properties of the SRC-based film. The films were prepared through a casting method, and the resulting samples were characterized in terms of their functional, mechanical, and physical properties. The SRC film containing 1 wt% of TiO2 nanoparticles demonstrated the highest tensile strength. However, with the addition of TiO2 nanoparticles at any concentrations (1, 3, 5, and 7 wt%), the elongation at break of the SRC film decreased in comparison to the SRC film without TiO2 nanoparticles. Moreover, as the concentration of TiO2 nanoparticles increased from 1 to 7 wt%, the moisture content, and water solubility of the SRC films decreased. The FTIR spectra analysis provided valuable information on the interaction between SRC and TiO2 nanoparticles. The results suggest that incorporating TiO2 nanoparticles into semi-refined carrageenan films shows promise for developing packaging materials with improved mechanical strength and physical performance.
The analysis of grid independence study in continuous disperse of MQL delivery system
Authors: Zulkifli Zulaika , N.H. Abdul Halim  , Z.H. Solihin  , J. Saedon  , A.A. Ahmad  , A.H. Abdullah  , N. Abdul Raof  , M. Abdul Hadi
Published: October 2023

A sustainable cutting method of Minimum Quantity Lubricant (MQL) was introduced to promote lubrication effect and improve machinability. However, its performances are very dependent on the effectiveness of its mist to penetrate deep into the cutting zone. Optimizing the MQL system requires massive experimental work that increases cost and time. Therefore, this study conducts Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) analysis using ANSYS Fluent and focuses on the grid independence study in dispersed-continuous phase of MQL delivery system. The main aim is to identify the best mesh model that influences the accuracy of the CFD model. The analysis proposed two different unstructured grid cell elements of quadrilateral and triangular that were only applicable for 2-dimensional fluid flow in CFD. The unstructured grid was controlled with three different mesh quality factors such as Relevance Center, Smoothing, and Span Angle Center at coarse /low, medium, and fine /high. The results showed that the best mesh quality for quadrilateral was at 60,000 nodes number and coarse mesh, whereas the triangular was at 90,000 nodes number and coarse mesh. Both combinations resulted the most consistent and reliable result when compared with past studies. However, this study decided to choose quadrilateral cell element with 60,000 nodes number and coarse mesh as it is considered to be sufficient to provide accurate and reliable result as well as practical in terms of computational time for the MQL model in CFD analysis.
Severe Cushing’s syndrome from an ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone-secreting neuroendocrine tumour treated by osilodrostat
Authors: Hána Václav , Brutvan Tomáš , Krausová Adéla , Kršek Michal , Hána Václav
Published: October 2023

Severe Cushing’s syndrome from an ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone-producing tumour is rare but often demands rapid diagnostics and treatment of hypercortisolism with its comorbidities. Pharmacotherapy of hypercortisolism by ketoconazole, metyrapone and osilodrostat is currently available. If unsuccessful or insufficient a bilateral adrenalectomy is an option. We present a 28-year-old female with severe Cushing’s syndrome caused by a bronchial metastatic neuroendocrine tumour (NET). Hypercortisolism was efficiently treated by osilodrostat with block–replace and then titration regimen. A once-daily dose was finally used with normalised cortisol levels. Androgen levels measured by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry were slightly elevated during the treatment but without any symptoms. A simple once-daily use of osilodrostat with titration regimen led to normalised cortisol levels in a severe Cushing’s syndrome patient with an uncurable bronchial NET. Transient hypocortisolism during treatment appeared but was easily treated by hydrocortisone.

Learning points

Cushing’s syndrome from an ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone-producing tumour is rare.

Cortisol upregulation is often severe and rapid, though clinical signs are not always fully pronounced.

Rapid treatment is a key for preventing and reducing complications such as fractures, thromboembolism, bleeding, hyperglycaemia, and arterial hypertension.

The novel potent steroidogenesis inhibitor osilodrostat can be used as first-line treatment for reducing hypercortisolism.
Mammary gland development and EDC-driven cancer susceptibility in mesenchymal ERα-knockout mice
Authors: Wormsbaecher Clarissa , Cumbia Brittney M , Amurgis Emma G , Poska Jillian M , Price Madeline R , Mo Xiaokui M , Knoblaugh Sue E , Kurita Takeshi , Joseph Burd Craig
Published: October 2023

Development of the mammary gland requires both proper hormone signaling and cross talk between the stroma and epithelium. While estrogen receptor (ERα) expression in the epithelium is essential for normal gland development, the role of this receptor in the stroma is less clear. Moreover, several lines of evidence suggest that mouse phenotypes of in utero exposure to endocrine disruption act through mesenchymal ERα in the developing fetus. We utilized a Twist2-cre mouse line to knock out mesenchymal ERα. Herein, we assessed mammary gland development in the context of mesenchymal ERα deletion. We also tested the effect of in utero bisphenol A (BPA) exposure to alter the tumor susceptibility in the mouse mammary tumor virus-neu (MMTV-neu) breast cancer mouse model. Mesenchymal ERα deletion resulted in altered reproductive tract development and atypical cytology associated with estrous cycling. The mammary gland demonstrated mature epithelial extension unlike complete ERα-knockout mice, but ductal extension was delayed and reduced compared to ERα-competent mice. Using the MMTV-Neu cancer susceptibility model, ERα-intact mice exposed to BPA had reduced tumor-free survival and overall survival compared to BPA-exposed mice having mesenchymal ERα deletion. This difference is specific for BPA exposure as vehicle-treated animals had no difference in tumor development between mice expressing and not expressing mesenchymal ERα. These data demonstrate that mesenchymal ERα expression is not required for ductal extension, nor does it influence cancer risk in this mouse model but does influence the cancer incidence associated with in utero BPA exposure.
Competencias digitales en educación superior y las condiciones estructurales en el Perú
Authors: Herrera Domínguez Aley Ale , Sotero Mendoza Micaela Carolina , Herrera Domínguez Mike Alex
Published: October 2023

Entender las competencias digitales en educación superior y las condiciones estructurales en el Perú, requiere un análisis documental transversal con datos abiertos y contenido arbitrado; caracterizando el modelo de competencias digitales a partir de la traducción y adaptación del cuestionario «DigCompEdu Check-In» entendido como conjunto de saberes que recoge lo cognitivo, procedimental y volitivo. Se identifican 1,086 instituciones educativas (89.23% nivel no universitario y el 10.77% nivel universitario), su comunidad educativa compuesta por 1,873,074 estudiantes (25.90% nivel no universitario y el 74.10% nivel universitario) y 93,764 docentes (26.86% nivel no universitario y el 73.14% nivel universitario). Evidenciando para la toma de decisiones la brecha de infraestructura tecnológica para el acceso a internet (38.7% cobertura en hogares); y, la necesidad de implementar la Red Dorsal Nacional de Fibra Óptica en el componente de transporte y acceso en todo el territorio peruano.
“Głuszec”, “Pieun”, “Śpiewak” – the Names of the Game Bird Perpetuated in the Novels of Józef Weyssenhoff
Authors: Płusa Magdalena
Published: October 2023

This article focuses on the names of the game bird (capercaillie) as recorded in two literary works by Józef Weyssenhoff, namely Puszcza and Soból i panna. These novels provide research material regarding the terms used to refer to the wild bird, namely głuszec, pieun, śpiewak. The names, supported by examples from the mentioned texts, were examined in terms of their documentation (formal and semantic), in various sources, such as dictionaries, regionally-derived lexical elements, collections of hunting vocabulary, nature studies and literature. The findings show that the author used not only the wildly known name (głuszec) but also confirmed the presence in the hunting terminology (pieun, śpiewak) with very scant documentation (sometimes only from Weyssenhoff).
Emancipation of the National Identity in Augusts Deglavs’ Novel “Riga”
Authors: Genese-Plaude Inta
Published: October 2023

The article studies the formation of the Latvian national identity as depicted in the cultural and historical novel Riga by the writer Augusts Deglavs. The plot is set in the second half of the 19th century when more and more Latvians from the country started to move to Riga. By applying the context-oriented approach and practices of cultural studies, the New historicism, post-colonialism, separate aspects of the dynamics and context of the relationship between Latvians and Baltic Germans in multicultural Riga have been analysed. In addition, the points where social and national identities contact and cross under the conditions of hermetic and hegemonic German culture, like relations with the German language, acquisition of social practices, emergence of the sense of Latvianness, have also been examined. The article also performs a concise evaluation of the historical importance of the Young Latvians’ movement depicted in the novel as the awakener of the national identity. Based on John Austin’s concept of performative language, in studying the emancipation of national identity, attention was paid to the ability of language “to do things”, which proves that words expressed in certain situations can possibly affect and change the run of historical processes.
ASSOCIATION OF miRNA EXPRESSION PATTERN WITH OUTCOME OF LETROZOLE THERAPY IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS
Authors: Pridko O. , Borikun T. , Rossylna O. , Rusyn A.V.
Published: October 2023

Breast cancer (BC) remains the most prevalent tumor and the leading cause of death among women worldwide, despite the advancements in diagnosis and new treatments. A significant challenge in BC treatment is the acquired or de novo resistance of tumors to systemic therapy. To overcome this obstacle, personalized treatment is needed, with a focus on finding biomarkers capable of predicting the response to therapy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as potential markers due to their diverse clinical applications. Aim. To examine the potential prognostic significance of miR-125b-2, -155, -221, and -320a expression in the tumor cells of individuals with hormone-dependent BC before undergoing neoadjuvant hormonal therapy. Materials and Methods. The study is based on a retrospective analysis of the treatment outcome of 56 patients with stage II—III locally disseminated hormone-dependent BC. The real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed on the biopsy material to assess the expression of miR-125b-2, -155, and -221 before neoadjuvant hormonal therapy with aromatase inhibi- tor letrozole to predict clinical response. Results. Most HER2/neu+ BC patients had low levels of miR-155 and miR-221 expression in tumor biopsy specimens. Tumors that responded well to letrozole exhibited lower levels of miR-125b-2 and miR-221 compared to non-responsive tumors. Conclusions. miR-125b-2, -155, and -221 expres- sion can predict resistance to the letrozole treatment of BC.
Changes in the Thermal and Stress-Strain State of the HPC Rotor of a Powerful NPP Turbine after the Blades Damage
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, Chernousenko Olha Yu. , Peshko Vitalii A. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, Usatyi Oleksandr P. ,   National Technical University Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute
Published: October 2023

In practice, during the operation of steam turbines, accidental damage to the blades of the rotors and stators of powerful steam turbines occurs. The main causes of emergency stops of steam turbines were vibration fatigue of the blades material, erosive damage to the blades body, and resonance problems during the power equipment operation. Based on this study, the assessment of changes in the thermal and stress-strain state of power equipment elements, which at nuclear power plants significantly affect the continued operation of the turbine after its damage, are quite relevant. Changes in the thermal and stress-strain state, which may occur after damage to the rotor of high-pressure cylinder (HPC rotor) of the K-1000-60/3000 turbine power unit of the LMZ in the station conditions, have been considered and analyzed and will provide an opportunity to assess the individual resource and continue the power unit operation. In the calculated assessment of changes in the thermal and stress-strain state of the HPC rotor, taking into account the data of the technical audit regarding damage, a geometric model of the rotor was created. Studies were conducted for three options of designs: the original option (five stages of the HPC rotor), the option without the blades of the last stage and the option without the fifth stage (with four first stages). For the project design, when working at the nominal parameters of the steam, the most stressed areas are the unloading holes of the 5th stage (σi=202.8 MPa), axial hole of the rotor in the area of the 5th stage (σi=195.2 MPa), as well as the 5th-degree welding fillet from the side of the end seals (σi=200.3 MPa) and unloading holes of the 4th and 3rd stages with a stress intensity of about 170–185 MPa. The high values of the stress intensity in the area of the 5th stage can be explained by the significant concentration of the mass of both the stage itself and its blades, which provoke significant centrifugal forces when working at the nominal rotation frequency. For a HPC rotor without blades of the 5th stage, there is a shift of the maximum stress intensity to the area of the unloading holes of the 4th and 3rd stages, as well as the axial hole of the shaft under the same stages. The maximum stress value is σi max=184.8 MPa. At the same time, the intensity of stresses in the area of unloading holes of the 5th degree decreased almost by half, to the level of 124 MPa.
Pediatric COVID-19 Vaccination in the Inpatient Setting
Authors: Rush Margaret , Hyman Cleopatra , Yonts Alexandra , Szeles Rosemary , Boogaard Claire
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

The inpatient setting is often underutilized as a venue for providing pediatric vaccines. During the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, our hospital began a vaccination program to provide access to COVID-19 vaccines for eligible pediatric inpatients. Our objective was to describe the establishment and assess the impact of a COVID-19 vaccination program for pediatric inpatients.

METHODS

All admitted patients were screened for eligibility and interest in inpatient COVID-19 vaccination upon admission from April 27, 2021 until February 12, 2022. For those eligible for vaccination, their interest was recorded and shared with the clinical team. The clinical team completed education and/or vaccination depending on individual case. Interest in inpatient vaccination and ultimate receipt of a vaccine was recorded and analyzed.

RESULTS

During the study period, 1615 patients were eligible for inpatient vaccination and 1601 had their interest recorded on hospital admission. Twenty-one percent of these patients were interested, 50% declined, and 28% were unsure. Twenty-nine percent of those initially interested were given vaccine by the clinical team before discharge. Six percent of patients who were unsure and 2% of those who declined vaccine on admission were vaccinated before discharge.

CONCLUSIONS

The inpatient setting can be an important venue to allow for education and discussion regarding pediatric COVID-19 vaccine and to improve access to vaccination for a traditionally under-vaccinated population. Challenges remain with consistent vaccine administration even for interested pediatric inpatients.
Child Opportunity Index and Rehospitalization for Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions at US Children’s Hospitals
Authors: Parikh Kavita , Lopez Michelle A. , Hall Matt , Bettenhausen Jessica , Sills Marion R. , Hoffmann Jennifer , Morse Rustin , Shah Samir S. , Noelke Clemens , Kaiser Sunitha V.
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE

Child Opportunity Index (COI) measures neighborhood contextual factors (education, health and environment, social and economic) that may influence child health. Such factors have been associated with hospitalizations for ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSC). Lower COI has been associated with higher health care utilization, yet association with rehospitalization(s) for ACSC remains unknown. Our objective is to determine the association between COI and ACSC rehospitalizations.

METHODS

Multicenter retrospective cohort study of children ages 0 to 17 years with a hospital admission for ambulatory care sensitive conditions in 2017 or 2018. Exposure was COI. Outcome was rehospitalization within 1 year of index admission (analyzed as any or ≥2 rehospitalization) for ACSC. Logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, severity, and complex and mental health conditions.

RESULTS

The study included 184 478 children. Of hospitalizations, 28.3% were by children from very low COI and 16.5% were by children from very high COI neighborhoods. In risk-adjusted models, ACSC rehospitalization was higher for children from very low COI than very high COI neighborhoods; any rehospitalization occurred for 18.7% from very low COI and 13.5% from very high COI neighborhoods (adjusted odds ratio 1.14 [1.05–1.23]), whereas ≥2 rehospitalization occurred for 4.8% from very low COI and 3.2% from very high COI neighborhoods (odds ratio 1.51 [1.29–1.75]).

CONCLUSIONS

Children from neighborhoods with low COI had higher rehospitalizations for ACSCs. Further research is needed to understand how hospital systems can address social determinants of health in the communities they serve to prevent rehospitalizations.