bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Establishment of Manwoldae and the King's Space in the Early Goryeo Period
Authors:   Institute of Korean Cultural Studies Yeungnam University, Im Ji Won
Published: February 2025

Manwoldae refers to the site of the Goryeo Dynasty's palace, which remains in Gaeseong. In pre-modern times, the royal palace was the political center of the country, and Manwoldae, except for the periods when it was destroyed during the wars and the capital relocation to Ganghwa, served as the main governmental space for most of the 470 years of the Goryeo Dynasty. After the large-scale invasion by the Hong Geonjeok (Red Turbans) during King Gongmin's reign, most of the palace was destroyed, and only traces remained under the Joseon Dynasty. Although surveys and excavations were conducted in North Korea after the liberation, they did not significantly impact academic discussions due to the division of the Korean Peninsula.
However, the situation improved in 2007 when joint North-South excavation projects began. Over eight rounds of excavations between 2007 and 2015, substantial research outcomes were gathered, leading to a greater understanding of Manwoldae. While much remains to be done, such as matching the names of buildings recorded in historical texts with the physical remnants of the palace, the current task is to deepen the understanding of the space of Manwoldae.
This paper aims to explore the process of constructing the palace in early Goryeo and how the kings existed within that space. Chapter 2 will outline the process of palace construction during the early Goryeo period, focusing on the period from King Taejo's establishment of the capital in Gaeseong to the destruction of the palace during the rebellion of Lee Ja-gyeom in 1126. The reign of King Injong marked the repeated restoration and damage of the palace, and kings in the late Goryeo period began using auxiliary palaces, staying in the main palace less frequently. Therefore, this paper will focus on the peak period of the palace's operation during King Hyeonjong's reign.
Chapter 3 will classify the palace space into two main areas: the outer and inner palace. It will analyze how the king existed in these spaces. The palace functioned both as a political space for the king’s governance and as a private living space. The distinction between the king’s public and private life is often not ea sily sepa ra ted, but this pa per will a ttempt to ca tegorize the king’s activities based on the spaces in which they took place. Understanding the people who lived in these spaces is crucial to recreating the life of the palace. It is hoped that this work will contribute to the ongoing archaeological efforts to restore the ma teria l rea lity of Ma nwolda e a nd stimula te further schola rly discussion.
Le care dans le quotidien de personnes professionnelles de la petite enfance œuvrant dans trois contextes éducatifs au Québec
Authors: Robitaille Camille , Lehrer Joanne , Proulx Nancy
Published: February 2025

Le care est omniprésent dans le quotidien des personnes professionnelles qui œuvrent dans les milieux éducatifs de la petite enfance. Or, le care peine à être rendu visible, plaçant ainsi dans l’ombre une partie importante du travail de ces personnes professionnelles. Cet article vise à apporter un éclairage sur les manifestations quotidiennes du care dans le travail éducatif accompli auprès de jeunes enfants au Québec selon la perspective de personnes professionnelles concernées. Les résultats sont tirés d’entretiens semi-dirigés et proviennent d’une étude qualitative portant sur les contextes éducatifs offerts aux enfants de 4 ans au Québec. L’analyse montre que le care transcende les actions posées par les personnes professionnelles et qu’il s’actualise à travers cinq phases indissociables pour répondre aux besoins des jeunes enfants.
Kölliker's Organ Functions as a Developmental Hub in Mouse Cochlea regulating spiral limbus and tectorial membrane development
Authors: Zhang Hongji , Papiernik Timothy , Tian Selena , Yaghmour Amal , Alzein Ahmad , Lennon James Benjamin , Maini Rahul , Tan Xiaodong , Niazi Ava , Park Joosang , Park Sungjin , Richter Claus-Peter , Ebeid Michael
Published: February 2025

Kölliker's organ is a transient developmental structure in the mouse cochlea that undergoes significant remodeling postnatally. Utilizing an epithelial-specific conditional deletion mouse model ofPrdm16(marker and regulator of Kölliker's organ), we show thatPrdm16is required for interdental cell development, and thereby the development of the limbal domain of the tectorial membrane and its medial anchorage to the spiral limbus. Additionally, we show that Kölliker's organ is involved in normal tectorial membrane collagen fibril development and maturation. Interestingly, mesenchymal cells of the spiral limbus underneathPrdm16-deficient Kölliker's organ failed to produce interstitial matrix proteins, resulting in a hypoplastic and truncated spiral limbus, indicating a non-cell autonomous role ofPrdm16in regulating spiral mesenchymal matrix development. Single cell RNA sequencing identified differentially expressed genes inPrdm16-deficient Kölliker’s organ suggesting a role for connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) downstreamPrdm16in epithelial-mesenchymal signaling involved in spiral limbus matrix deposition.Prdm16-deficient mice showed a hearing deficit, as indicated by elevated auditory brain stem response thresholds at most frequencies, consistent with the cochlear structural defects. Both sexes were studied. This work establishesPrdm16as a deafness gene in mice through its role in regulating Kölliker’s organ development. Such understanding recognizes Kölliker’s organ as a developmental hub regulating multiple surrounding cochlear structures.

Significance StatementIn this study, we show that the Kölliker’s organ functions as a developmental hub that orchestrates the development of tectorial membrane and spiral limbus during cochlear development. Utilizing a mouse model of conditional deletion ofPrdm16(marker and regulator of Kölliker’s organ), we establishPrdm16’snecessity for hearing in mice through its many roles during cochlear development including permitting interdental cell development and thereby the formation of the tectorial membrane limbal domain, secreting collagens essential for tectorial membrane matrix development, and signaling to the underlying mesenchyme to secrete extracellular matrix and develop the spiral limbus.
Pharmacological and immunohistochemical characterization of dopamine D4 receptor in human umbilical artery and vein
Authors: Guazzelli Pedro Renato , Britto-Júnior José , Cedano Godoy P Souza Pérola Rafaella , Cardoso Vinicius Francisco , Lima Antonio Tiago , Mathias Netto Felipe Caliani , Barbosa de Souza Valéria , Antunes Edson , Schenka André , De Nucci Gilberto
Published: February 2025

To investigate the effects of the dopamine D4 receptor agonist A-412997 and the D4 antagonist sonepiprazole in human isolated umbilical artery (HUA) and vein (HUV) and the expression of the D4 receptor by immunohistochemistry in these vessels. A segment of the umbilical cord (10–20 cm) from the insertion point in the placenta and 5 cm from the umbilicus was removed by the obstetrician and placed in a container with Krebs–Henseleit solution (KHS). The Wharton’s jelly was removed, and HUA and HUV rings (3 mm) were suspended in 10 mL organ baths containing oxygenated (95% O2:5% CO2) and heated (37 °C) KHS. For immunohistochemistry, the vessels were fixed in 10% formalin, embedded in paraffin wax and sectioned (4 µm). A-412997 did not induce contractions in the HUA rings. In HUA pre-contracted rings, A-412997 induced concentration-dependent relaxations, which were reduced when the HUA rings were pre-incubated with L-NAME. A-412997 caused concentration-dependent contractions of HUV rings, which were potentiated by pre-treatment with L-NAME and reduced by pre-incubation with 6-nitrodopamine. In HUV pre-contracted rings, A-412997 failed to induce relaxations. Sonepiprazole antagonized A-412997-induced contractions in HUV rings and provoked concentration-dependent relaxations in pre-contracted HUA and HUV rings. Dopamine D4 receptor was positive in both HUA and HUV, especially in the endothelium, and detected only in HUV smooth muscle cells. Activation of HUA D4 receptor is associated with relaxation, whereas in HUV, it leads to contraction. Differential expression of D4 receptors may modulate umbilical-placental blood flow.
POST-PANDEMIC EDUCATION IN ANGOLA AND BRAZIL: CHALLENGES IN SITUATIONS OF SOCIAL VULNERABILITY
Authors: Alves da Silva Scaff Elisangela , Brás Chocolate Adão
Published: February 2025

This article aimed to identify the national education policies in Angola and Brazil between 2020 and 2022, during the COVID-19 pandemic, and point out trends for post-pandemic education in these countries, especially considering the inequalities that mark their social reality. The methodology consisted of documentary research on the websites of official bodies in both countries, and the data analysis was developed based on the theoretical framework of comparative education. The results highlight both dissonant and convergent aspects between the policies developed by Angola and Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic, considering their social and economic realities, particularly the difference in the political organization of these countries. In spite of the unitary character of the Angolan State and the Federative constitution of the Brazilian State that influenced the organization of national policies during the pandemic period, the trends for post-pandemic education in both countries point to policies that, despite the social inequalities that are reflected in school reality, place centrality on technologies as educational solutions, in a global movement, which presented an opportunity for Ed-Tech companies to enter new geographic areas, contributing to the control of school work and the privatization of public resources for education.
LEGADO DE LA EMERGENCIA SANITARIA GENERADA POR LA PANDEMIA EN ECUADOR, EN CLAVE DE POLÍTICA EDUCATIVA SUPRANACIONAL
Authors: Calderón-Vélez Milton , Espinosa Betty , Flores José , Ferreira Brito Michelle , Moreno Flores Esteban
Published: February 2025

La crisis educativa, agravada por la pandemia del COVID-19, revela profundas deficiencias y desafíos en el sistema educativo, especialmente en América Latina y el Caribe. El cierre prolongado de escuelas ha exacerbado la brecha de aprendizaje, como evidencian los resultados del PISA 2022 y otras evaluaciones regionales. En Ecuador, el retroceso en matemáticas y lenguaje es alarmante: ningún estudiante alcanza el nivel mínimo de competencia. Aunque la virtualidad ha sido una estrategia ante la emergencia, la falta de acceso a internet, la capacitación deficiente del profesorado y las características negativas de la virtualidad, limitan su efectividad. Actualmente, esta estrategia se utiliza como alternativa en contextos de violencia en el país. Este artículo explora la virtualidad como estrategia post-pandémica en el sistema educativo ecuatoriano, considerando datos cualitativos y cuantitativos disponibles, así como las opiniones de expertos
DEL ESTADO COMO GARANTE DE LA CONTINUIDAD PEDAGÓGICA A UN PASO DE LA ANARCO EDUCACIÓN
Authors: Romero Silvina , Ojeda Oscar
Published: February 2025

El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo indagar las políticas educativas en el contexto de pandemia y post pandemia en Argentina y en particular en la provincia de San Luis. Nos basamos en el estudio pormenorizado de normativas nacionales y provinciales que interpelamos con las recomendaciones de los organismos internacionales. Se realiza una caracterización general de las políticas atendiendo a dos momentos. Por una lado, aquellas medidas que surgen en lo inmediato de la declaración de la emergencia sanitaria y, luego, se analiza un segundo momento en donde se comienzan a flexibilizar los contactos. En ambos casos los ejes de análisis son la continuidad pedagógica y el papel que ocupan las tecnologías y los medios de comunicación. Dedicamos un apartado especial para referir a la influencia de los OI en las políticas implementadas. Finalmente nos referimos a la situación de post pandemia y cuáles son los debates que se reactivan.Observamos cómo políticas orientadas a garantizar la educación y la comunicación mutan hacia un escenario en donde pasan a concebirse como servicios, en tanto reguladas por el mercado.Creemos que este trabajo puede contribuir a identificar aspectos comunes con otros contextos lo que permitirá visualizar las características que asumieron los Estados en materia educativa en el periodo de emergencia sanitaria.
ALTERACIONES PANDÉMICAS EN LOS MODOS DE GESTIÓN Y EN LOS SISTEMAS DE INFORMACIÓN EN ARGENTINA
Authors: Álvarez Marisa , Toranzos Lilia , Montes Nancy
Published: February 2025

El trabajo presenta los resultados de una investigación realizada por la Oficina Argentina de la Organización de Estados Iberoamericanos (OEI) durante el año 2022 cuyo objetivo ha sido identificar las características que asumió la gestión educativa en el nivel subnacional durante la pandemia.El artículo hace foco en los desarrollos de los sistemas de información, en particular de los denominados Sistemas de Información y Gestión Educativa (SIGED) que tuvieron un importante impulso durante y post pandemia para acompañar la continuidad pedagógica y las trayectorias escolares en cuatro estados subnacionales de la Argentina.Siendo la Argentina un país federal, el gobierno de la educación está a cargo de las jurisdicciones, si bien existen marcos nacionales y federales que orientan las políticas. Se analizaron 93 piezas documentales y se realizaron unas 28 entrevistas a funcionarios/as de las direcciones de nivel secundario, a referentes de las áreas de planeamiento y de las coordinaciones de programas, así como a equipos de supervisión escolar en las cuatro provincias alcanzadas por el estudio.
EL PROCESO DE TRABAJO DOCENTE EN LA VIDA COTIDIANA ESCOLAR. VIEJOS Y NUEVOS DESAFÍOS A PARTIR DE LA PANDEMIA
Authors: Migliavacca Adriana , Urricelqui Patricio Abel
Published: February 2025

Este artículo desarrolla algunos análisis realizados en el marco de una investigación que propone examinar las características del proceso de trabajo docente en el ámbito escolar, atendiendo a las condiciones de enseñanza que atraviesan la vida cotidiana de las escuelas del nivel primario en contextos de pobreza. Presentamos los primeros hallazgos, parciales y provisorios, que pudimos construir a partir del trabajo de campo realizado en una escuela primaria de la provincia de Buenos Aires, ubicada en un barrio considerado como de la “periferia” de un partido perteneciente al tercer cordón del Conurbano Bonaerense. Apelamos a una estrategia metodológica cualitativa que apuesta a reconstruir las vinculaciones entre los procesos sociales a escala cotidiana y el marco histórico y social definido por la estructura de clases de la sociedad (Batallán, 2007). En un primer momento, nos centramos en las particularidades del caso seleccionado. La construcción de la idea de una “escuela inclusiva” parece constituir un punto de inflexión en la historia de la institución que permite dimensionar la complejidad del escenario donde transcurre su cotidianidad. En un segundo momento, ponemos el foco en la experiencia de la pandemia que dio lugar a la emergencia de nuevas problemáticas y demandas hacia el trabajo docente, al tiempo que permitió vivenciar situaciones en el proceso de enseñar y aprender que motorizaron la problematización de las condiciones de trabajo.
CONDICIONES LABORALES Y DESAFÍOS DEL PROFESORADO EN LA UNIÓN EUROPEA. UN ESTUDIO COMPARADO
Authors: Ortega Dorado Ana Isabel , Matarranz María
Published: February 2025

El presente trabajo tiene como objeto estudiar las causas de la crisis docente, así como examinar el impacto que tiene el crecimiento económico en las condiciones laborales del profesorado. De esta forma, se asumió que a mayor Producto Interior Bruto (PIB) de un país, el colectivo docente goza de unas mejores condiciones laborales y por ende la profesión docente es más atractiva, generando una disminución de los desafíos a los que la profesión debe enfrentarse. La metodología que se llevó a cabo consistió en el estudio comparado de distintos países de la Unión Europea, seleccionados en función de su PIB, incluyendo Luxemburgo, Irlanda, Alemania, España, Rumanía y Bulgaria, valorándose diferentes aspectos laborales de los docentes de cada país. El estudio concluye que dicha crisis docente es un fenómeno extendido independientemente del crecimiento económico de cada país. A pesar de que el aspecto económico mejora algunas de las condicionales laborales tales como el salario, existen desafíos comunes que todos los países deberían abordar. Por tanto, el estudio realizado muestra no solo la influencia que tiene el PIB en las condiciones laborales del profesorado, sino también resalta la necesidad de abordar la crisis docente como una cuestión generalizada en todos los países.
Valle, J.M. Álvarez – López, G., Neubauer, A., y Matarranz, M. (2024). Diseño y desarrollo del currículo en sistemas educativos descentralizado. Estudio comparado y prospectiva para España en el marco de la reforma curricular de la LOMLOE. Ministerio de Educación, Formación Profesional y Deportes. ISBN: 9789200257308
Authors: Rubio Navarro Pablo
Published: February 2025

En Diseño y desarrollo del currículo en sistemas educativos descentralizados se aborda la complejidad de la toma de decisiones en política educativa, a través del estudio comparado de cómo diferentes países abordan una cuestión concreta de esa política: el diseño y el desarrollo del currículo
Del reconocimiento de la independencia al reconocimiento del Chaco: un siglo en las relaciones Paraguay-Vaticano (1841-1931)
Authors: Telesca Ignacio , Delgado Emilia Sol
Published: February 2025

El objetivo del presente artículo es mostrar la importancia de las relaciones entre el Paraguay y el Vaticano desde la designación del primer obispo del Paraguay independiente hasta la creación del Arzobispado de Asunción con la consecuente creación de la diócesis de Concepción y Chaco en 1930. Con la aceptación de la designación por parte del Estado paraguayo de Basilio López como obispo, en 1841, las autoridades eclesiásticas en Roma reconocían de hecho, al Paraguay como una república independiente de cualquier otro Estado. Fue la primera instancia internacional en hacerlo, antes incluso de la redacción del Acta de Independencia en 1842. De igual modo, un siglo después, con la creación de la diócesis de Concepción y Chaco se daba por hecho el reconocimiento de una parte del territorio chaqueño como perteneciente al Paraguay. Entre estas dos fechas, el Vaticano tuvo un rol central tanto en la resolución del conflicto generado por la “cuestión religiosa” en la primera década posbélica como en el nombramiento de Juan Sinforiano Bogarín como obispo a fines del siglo XIX. En estos cuatro actos podemos apreciar la importancia que tiene el componente internacional en los procesos históricos del Paraguay haciendo hincapié en el aspecto religioso/político.
El nacionalismo paraguayo en su compleja dimensión instituyente
Authors: Duarte Penayo José , Duarte Penayo Martín
Published: February 2025

El presente estudio ofrece una reevaluación crítica del nacionalismo paraguayo, comúnmente entendido como un instrumento de las élites para afianzar su dominación o como el eje de una historiografía fundamentada en mitos. Desafiando estos enfoques, este trabajo se centra en desentrañar la intrincada génesis socio-cultural post-Guerra de la Triple Alianza, poniendo énfasis en las repercusiones políticas de este periodo. Se resalta el concepto de protonacionalismo, arraigado en la memoria colectiva de quienes sobrevivieron a la guerra, marcando un punto de partida para las posteriores configuraciones de la identidad nacional paraguaya. Asimismo, subrayamos la evolución histórica del nacionalismo paraguayo, alejándonos de perspectivas monolíticas y reconociendo sus fases desde su inicio contestatario y revolucionario hasta su posterior institucionalización, en el contexto de una impugnación al liberalismo paraguayo.
In Guaraní Lands: Paraguay as a Brazilian Tourist Destination in the Magazines and Newspapers of Brazil and Paraguay during the Stroessner Era
Authors: Chesterton Bridget M.
Published: February 2025

The regime of Alfredo Stroessner (1954-1989) hoped to attract Brazilian tourists to Paraguay.  This was a dramatic change from attracting Argentine tourists in the early twentieth century.  This article argues that while the government desired Brazilian tourists, there was limited information for potential Brazilian tourists to access in Brazil and in Portuguese. Nevertheless, it is possible to reconstruct some tourist destinations and activities for Brazilian tourists from Brazilian newspaper and magazine articles, a few surviving copies of a Portuguese-language tourist guide to Paraguay, Carta del Paraguay, and technical reports. This article argues that while Brazilians had little interest in travel to Paraguay, some did make the journey to their neighboring nation and most likely enjoyed the attractions and destinations suggested by the press.
Arqueología del conflicto en Tarteso.
Authors: FERNÁNDEZ RODRÍGUEZ JESÚS MANUEL
Published: February 2025

El nudo de este artículo no es otro que el de revisar la imagen de la colonización fenicia y del período tartesio como una etapa (siglos IX-V a.C.), fundamentalmente, de intercambios y convivencia pacífica. Desde los presupuestos de la Arqueología del Conflicto y a partir de las propias evidencias arqueológicas, matizamos ese estereotipo y advertimos sobre la bola de nieve de sesgo que hemos ido realizando a partir de lecturas cuestionables. Empleando una narrativa histórica y diacrónica, ofrecemos un rápido cuadro sobre Tarteso y su periferia geográfica, en donde, si bien no hay huellas de guerra estructural y abierta, sí estuvieron presentes distintas formas de tensión y violencia inter e intracomunitaria, tal y como lo testifican las murallas, las armas, la iconografía, etc.
Manuel Clavero Arévalo y la transición democrática: centrismo y regionalismo en tiempos de cambio
Authors: Magaldi Fernández Adrián
Published: February 2025

Manuel Clavero Arévalo fue uno de los políticos más relevantes de la Transición española. Durante esos años, fue el principal promotor de un regionalismo favorable a una descentralización generalizada en la que se imbricaba el pensamiento histórico y los análisis regionales procedentes del mundo académico. Desde Andalucía promovió tales ideas en torno a un centrismo primero representado por el Partido Social Liberal Andaluz y, posteriormente, por Unión de Centro Democrático, con la que después de las elecciones de 1977 se convirtió en ministro adjunto para las Regiones. Desde dicho cargo, Clavero gestionó la vertebración de los diferentes entes preautonómicos, analizó la transferencia de competencias y colaboró en la redacción de la Constitución, guiado por un pensamiento de regiones generalizadas pronto conocido con el sobrenombre del “café para todos”. Su conciencia regional siempre mantuvo a Andalucía como epicentro, despertando unas discrepancias con su partido que, en 1980, le llevaron a abandonar UCD y poner en marcha un centrismo andalucista en torno a Unidad Andaluza. Este artículo pretende conocer la figura y pensamiento de Manuel Clavero Arévalo y, a través de su trayectoria política, arrojar nueva luz sobre la creación del Estado de las Autonomías durante los años de la Transición.
Postmortem Analysis of Ethyl Alcohol Concentration in Blood, Urine, Muscle and Bile
Authors: Okulevičiūtė Agnė , Chmieliauskas Sigitas , Laubner-Sakalauskienė Gabija , Badaras Robertas , Laima Sigitas , Vasiljevaitė Diana , Stasiūnienė Jurgita
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The determination of ethyl alcohol concentration in body fluids is an important investigation in forensic practice. To avoid postmortem changes in blood alcohol concentration, the test substance must be transported in special media enriched with sodium fluoride or potassium oxalate. When interpreting changes in concentrations in the body, it is important to assess not only the blood but also other body fluids or tissues.Materials and methods: A retrospective study was conducted from 2016 to 2023, evaluating data from nonconsecutive 378 autopsies from the State Forensic Medical Service of Lithuania. The study analyzed ethyl alcohol concentrations in blood, urine, muscle and bile. Toxicological data were processed using R commander statistical software. The study aimed to assess the changes, patterns, and correlations of ethyl alcohol concentrations in different body fluids after death.Results: When the ethyl alcohol concentrations of the different body fluids from the autopsies were evaluated, the urine ethyl alcohol concentration was in 86% cases higher than the blood ethyl alcohol concentration, with a mean difference of 0.51‰. There is a strong correlation between blood and urine ethyl alcohol concentrations, r = 0.93, p < 0.05. The ethyl alcohol concentration in muscle was 75% higher than in blood with a mean difference of 0.06‰. Ethyl alcohol concentration in bile was 90% higher than in blood with a mean difference of 0.14‰. The difference between ethyl alcohol concentrations in bile and muscle was not significant, with a mean difference of 0.07‰.Conclusions: In addition to blood and urine, muscle and bile samples may be taken at autopsy to detect ethyl alcohol. The results of the study show that there may be differences in the levels of ethyl alcohol in different body fluids after death. These data are therefore important for the assessment of ethyl alcohol concentrations in both clinical and forensic practice.
Буковий квазіпраліс Ґорґан: структура, фіторізноманіття, стан
Authors: Shparyk Yuriy , Danylyk Ivan , Kuzyarin Oleksandr , Senchak Ivan , Kruk Nazar
Published: February 2025

Виконання умови базового пріоритету у діяльності установ природно-заповідного фонду України – збереження біорізноманіття природних екосистем забезпечить відновлення їхньої природної структури та попередження проникнення і боротьбу з інвазійними видами. В Українських Карпатах практично всі установи ПЗФ розташовані в лісовому фонді, а еталонами природної структури та фіторізноманіття є праліси і квазіпраліси. Досліджено 14 об'єктів букового квазіпралісу Ґорґан в умовах вологої смереково-ялицевої субучини на території НПП «Синьогора».
У віці 190 років буковий квазіпраліс Ґорґан представляє собою триярусний різновіковий смереково-ялицево-буковий корінний деревостан, який має високі продуктивність, повноту і запас ростучої деревини, низький запас сухостійної деревини, значний запас мертвої лежачої деревини, високу частку дерев з пошкодженнями крони, близькі до середніх значення класів IUFRO і характеризується успішним природним поновленням. Коефіцієнт варіації таксаційних показників доволі високий, зокрема від 50 до 15% за кількістю ростучих дерев. Сухостій формує переважно бук за участю смереки, а мертву лежачу деревину – в основному смерека за участю бука. Підріст має густоту 15,7 тис. шт./га і дуже подібну участь у його складі бука, явора та ялиці. Фіторізноманіття букового квазіпралісу формують 51 вид судинних рослин: сім видів дерев, п’ять – кущів, три – кущиків, 36 – трав. Мінливість висоти трав та їх участі у рослинній формації оцінено як середню (v>20%).
Виявлено особливості структури, стану і видового складу судинних рослин, які формують буковий квазіпраліс, і рекомендовано для ідентифікації рослинної асоціації Piceeto (abietis) – Abieto (albae) – Fagetum (sylvaticae) galium (odorati) та розробки ефективних природоохоронних заходів.
Побудова математичної моделі міцності столярних плит різних конструк-цій із вживаної деревини
Authors: Gayda Serhiy , Medvid Lyubomyr
Published: February 2025

Різні деревинні ресурси повинні раціонально та комплексно використовуватись, зокрема, деревинні залишки від різних стадій обробки первинної деревини – від лісозаготівлі до створення готових виробів. Також актуальним є питання перероблення вживаної деревини як додаткового резерву, яка у виробах вже втратила свої споживчі характеристики, однак яка, за правильного перероблення, мінімізує негативний вплив на довкілля. При цьому частково вирішується низка проблем, пов’язаних зі збільшення деревинних залишків і відходів та нагромадженням вживаної деревини на звалищах.
Підготовлено партію столярних плит із вживаної деревини (СП із ВЖД) сосни шляхом реалізації В-плану другого порядку, де змінними були ширина рейок тангентального та радіального розпилювання. Експериментальним шляхом встановлено межу міцності під час статичного згину для СП із ВЖД сосни та побудовано адекватну математичну (регресійну) модель залежно від почергового укладання радіальних (Врад) і тангентальних (Втан) рейок завширшки 32, 52 та 72 мм. Ширина рейок в конструкціях СП із ВЖД завтовшки 22 мм суттєво впливає на міцністні характеристики щитів. Збільшення ширини від 32 до 72 мм під час визначення межі міцності при статичному згині призводить до зменшення показника для радіальних рейок – на 13,29-16,70%, для тангентальних – на 24,83-27,79%. Встановлено, що межа міцності під час статичного згину всіх СП із ВЖД сосни, незалежно від їхньої конструкції, задовольняє нормативні вимоги.
За результатами експериментальних досліджень, максимальне значення межі міцності під час статичного згину σu = 39,199 МПа можна отримати, зафіксувавши розміри ширин рейок СП із ВЖД із сосни комбінованого укладання на рівні: Врад (х1) = 32 мм, Втан (х2) = 32 мм. Рекомендовано використовувати вживану деревину для виробництва столярних плит з перерізом рейок та відношенням не більшим як 1:5 за комбінованого укладання радіальних і тангентальних рейок, а за довільного укладання – за відношенням не більшим як 1:3.
Рекомендовано такі параметри для виробництва СП із ВЖД для рейок: вологість – 8±2%; ширина – у 3-5 разів більша, ніж товщина; розташування – радіальне або під кутом більше 45о; личкування – фанерою завтовшки 3 мм; витрата клею для щита – 200-250 г/м2; витрата клею для личкування СП – 150-200 г/м2; температура вайми для щита – 85-90ºС; температура пресу для СП – 115-125ºС; час витримки під тиском для щита – 30-40 хв; час витримки під тиском для СП – 4-6 хв; тиск для щита – 0,5-1,0 МПа, для СП – 1,2-1,3 МПа. Відсортовані та випиляні на відповідні поперечні розміри рейки із ВЖД різних деревних порід можуть бути використані для виготовлення клеєних щитових елементів, зокрема, столярної плити та меблевого щита.
STUDYING ZINC OXIDE/COPPER OXIDE/CADMIUM SELENIDE NANOSTRUCTURES FOR LIGHT EMITTING DIODES
Authors: Abdul-Ameer Zehraa N.
Published: February 2025

The synthesis of zinc oxide, copper oxide, and cadmium selenide as a heterostructure was conducted using a simple co-precipitation method. Structural, optical, and electrical properties were investigated. XRD patterns  show hexagonal form for ZnO, cubic for CuO, and wurtzite for CdSe, with an average particle size of 18.5,  22.3, and 38.2 nm for ZnO, CuO, and CdSe, respectively. SEM images show ZnO crystals with a nanorod shape and CuO and CdSe nanoparticles with nano-branch agglomerations in all directions. Optical properties exhibit a redshift in absorbance (460 nm) with photoluminescence peaks at 500 nm for the heterostructure and a broadened band gap (2.5 eV). In light, the heterostructure shows increased light absorption, leading to enhanced electron-hole production and an exponential increase in forward current. These results enhance the success of fabrication of high-amplification light-emitting diodes.
Liposomal and free essential oil of rosemary as antifungal and antibacterial agent in salad dressing
Authors: Chitsaz Esfahani Z. , Ebrahimipour Gh. , Khoshtinat Kh. , Khosravi-Darani K.
Published: February 2025

Natural preservatives are a suitable alternative to chemical preservatives in the food industry. To overcome its hydrophobic nature, insolubility in water, and degradation of free essential oils, liposomal encapsulation can be applied. In this study, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of free as well as liposomal rosemary essential oils (REO) were measured using disk diffusion and serial dilution method for Escherichia (E.) coli, Staphylococcus (S.) aureus, Salmonella (S.) enterica, Lactiplantibacillus (L.) plantarum, Aspergillus (A.) niger, and Saccharomyces (S.) cerevisiae. The antimicrobial properties of free and encapsulated essential oils were compared with sodium benzoate during thirty days of storage. Also, the release pattern of REO from liposomes was studied using dialysis membranes during the 30 days of storage. The results showed that the MIC of free and encapsulated REO is in the range of 3.5–5% and 5–6.5%, respectively. Gram+ Staphylococcus aureus was identified as the most sensitive, while Escherichia coli was the most resistant among the tested microorganisms to the essential oils. During refrigerated storage, free REO and sodium benzoate did not show any significant difference in antimicrobial properties (P > 0.05), while encapsulated REO significantly reduced the number of microorganisms in stored salad dressing (P ≤ 0.05).
A History of Pottery and Potters in Ancient Jerusalem: Excavations by K.M. Kenyon in Jerusalem 1961-1967
Authors: Franken H. J.
Published: February 2025

This book surveys four thousand years of pottery production and presents totally unexpected fresh information, using technical and analytical methods. It provides a study of ancient pottery of Jerusalem, from the earliest settlement to the medieval city and brings to light important aspects that cannot be discovered by the commonly accepted morphological pottery descriptions. New insights include the discovery that third millennium BCE pottery appears to have been produced by nomadic families, middle Bronze Age ceramics were made by professional potters in the Wadi Refaim, the pottery market of the Iron Age II pottery cannot be closely dated and is still produced during the first centuries after the exile, and the new shapes are made by Greek immigrant potters. The book contains a chapter on the systematics of ceramic studies and numerous notes about the potters themselves.
Surgical treatment of intramedullary spinal cord tumors: a systematic review
Authors: Konovalov N.A. , Onoprienko R.A. , Kaprovoy S.V. , Brinyuk E.S. , Zakirov B.A. , Poluektov Yu.M. , Ivanov S.V. , Kudymets M.O. , Ilyinsky N.O.
Published: February 2025

Background. Intramedullary spinal cord tumors are a rare group of central nervous system tumors with special treatment approaches. The main problems are related to optimal time of surgery, invasiveness and recurrence of tumor. Objective. To review available literature data on the treatment of intramedullary spinal cord tumors, to summarize the main achievements and changes in treatment strategy over the past 5 years. Material and methods. We reviewed Russian- and English-language literature on the treatment of intramedullary spinal cord tumors over the past five years. The studies were selected in accordance with PRISMA recommendations. Results. We analyzed literature data in the PubMed, eLibrary, Cochrane and Medline databases over the last 5 years. The studies were selected taking into account the relevance and quality of researches. Conclusion. Large-scale studies are rare due to rarity of intramedullary spinal cord tumors. The main changes in surgery for intramedullary spinal cord tumors in recent years have occurred due to changes in surgical tactics (emphasis on functional status rather total resection), improvement of equipment for adjustment of surgical approach (MRI, intraoperative monitoring, intraoperative ultrasound), more accurate and effective adjuvant therapy contributing to preoperative shrinkage of tumor and preservation of functionally important areas.
Liquid biopsy for detection of H3K27m and BRAF V600E mutations in patients with diffuse brainstem tumors
Authors: Gavryushin A.V. , Papusha L.I. , Veselkov A.A. , Zaitseva M.A. , Khukhlaeva E.A. , Konovalov A.N. , Druy A.E.
Published: February 2025

Despite the progress in understanding the pathogenesis of diffuse brainstem tumors, treatment of these neoplasms is usually empirical and conducted without morphological and molecular verification. Liquid biopsy is a minimally invasive technique providing data on tumor biology without standard biopsy. This method is based on analysis of cell-free nucleic acids (predominantly, extracellular DNA) in biological fluids with detection of specific mutations. Despite wide implementation in diagnosis and disease monitoring in extracranial malignancies, it is infrequently applied in neuro-oncology. Objective. To estimate diagnostic value of liquid biopsy in detecting H3K27 and BRAF V600E mutations in patients with diffuse brainstem tumors. Material and methods. Lumbar puncture with cerebrospinal fluid sampling was performed in 16 patients (5 children and 11 adults) with diffuse brainstem tumors verified by neuroimaging data. Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) was used in digital droplet PCR for determination of H3F3A K28M and BRAF V600E oncogenic missense variants. In 14 patients, investigation of cfDNA was performed in parallel with analysis of correspondent mutations in DNA derived from tumor tissue. Results. None patient had BRAF V600E mutation. H3F3A K28M variant was detected in 5 CSF samples and 6 tumor specimens from patients who underwent surgical biopsy. Thus, overall sensitivity of the method in determination of H3F3A K28M variant was 92.9% (13/14). Conclusion. Liquid biopsy is highly informative for identifying the specific mutation H3F3A K28M and often verifies diffuse brainstem glioma without standard biopsy.
Prolactin-secreting pituitary carcinomas with intra- and extracranial metastasis: case report and review
Authors: Astafieva L.I. , Chernov I.V. , Kobyakov G.L. , Trunin Yu.Yu. , Shishkina L.V. , Shkarubo A.N. , Fomichev D.V. , Sidneva Yu.G. , Vagapova G.R. , Kalinin P.L.
Published: February 2025

According to the modern WHO classification, pituitary carcinomas (or metastatic neuroendocrine pituitary tumors) are pituitary tumors with confirmed craniospinal and/or distant metastases. The main goal of histological analysis of pituitary carcinomas is to confirm pituitary origin of metastases. Treatment usually includes surgery and radiotherapy, dopamine agonists in maximum possible doses in case of prolactin-secreting pituitary carcinomas and chemotherapy with preferable temozolomide. Objective. To present the results of diagnosis and treatment of two patients with prolactin-secreting pituitary carcinomas. Material and methods. The authors describe 2 patients with prolactin-secreting pituitary carcinomas arising from drug-resistant aggressive prolactinomas with histologically confirmed metastases. In both cases, combined treatment included surgery, radio- and chemotherapy (cabergoline and temozolomide). Results. A 47-year-old patient underwent surgery, radio- and dopamine agonist therapy with subsequent regression of tumor growth in the follow-up period. However, progressive increase in prolactin concentration necessitated PET/CT with detection of multiple metastases in bones and lymph nodes. Temozolomide therapy led to temporary shrinkage of metastatic foci with subsequent progression. The second case was characterized by multiple brain and spinal cord metastases in a 47-year-old woman. Resection of intracranial metastasis and temozolomide therapy stabilized the disease and normalized serum prolactin throughout 2-year follow-up with subsequent progression. Conclusion. Pituitary carcinoma is a rare tumor with unfavorable prognosis. Treatment is currently not standardized and determined by available world experience regarding various chemotherapeutic drugs. Temozolomide is the most effective drug. However, short-term remission is usually followed by subsequent disease progression in most cases.
Why heads matter in palaeoanthropology: The impacts and consequences of collecting skulls
Authors: Schroeder Lauren , Madison Paige , Ackermann Rebecca R.
Published: February 2025

This piece reflects on the importance of and focus on heads – especially the collecting of skulls and its impacts – in alpha taxonomy, biological anthropology, and Western science more broadly. We consider how the announcement and overall discovery story of the Taung Child revolutionised our understanding of hominin cranial evolution, but also fit within these skull-collecting objectives and contributed to the palaeoanthropological fixation on the skull. We contextualise this within the history of ‘physical’ anthropology in light of its initial goals in scientific racism, and consider how this process of skull collecting has become normalised in the discipline as a result of this history. As evidence for this, we quantify the possible effects of skull-collecting by collating available data on the number of skulls versus post-crania curated in a representative South African collection and compare the number of skulls versus post-cranial hominin fossils that form part of species hypodigms. We also explore how the ownership of skulls and ownership of narrative in the discipline have been intertwined throughout its history. Finally, we focus on how this early overemphasis on skulls, and especially brain size/intelligence, may have skewed our understanding of human evolution and contributed to ideas of human exceptionalism.
From Behaviorism to Neoconstructivism: A Review of Educational Theories for the Development of Independence in the Conditions of Destruction
Authors: Корешникова Юлия , Сорокин Павел
Published: February 2025

An increasing number of cases have revealed that previously stable systems have shown attitudes towards unstable ones, not only generating risks, but also showing opportunities for manifestation in the manifestation of new communities and manifestations of action. There is a growing demand for agency, as an independent existence of the totality. In order to determine how adequately the institution responds to this demand today (and may be likely in the future) of the key human development, the formal education system, it is important to take into account key educational theories that take into account the logic of the development of an initiative in the field of education. This article provides a review and analysis of the capture and recognized classical educational theories (learning theory) of behaviorism, cognitivism and constructivism regarding their opposites for solving the problems of developing abilities for independent creative action (agency). The outcomes that are most relevant to the development of agency are constructivist theory, in which the learner is given an active role in the exploration of outcomes. But this theory also has significant requirements, since the focus is on learning cognitive abilities - knowledge and feelings that reproduce the flesh of the flesh given from the outside, and not the ability to develop an independent creative action that maintains and improves the social world (including the creation of communities or institutions). The authors attempted to formulate possible grounds for a new educational theory - neo-construction, which emphasizes the ability for independent creative action as a key educational result, and also takes into account a number of achievements of cognitivism and behaviorism, which are influenced by the interpretations of constructivism.
Dividend Trap: Impact of Yield, Volume, and Payout on Investments
Authors: Natalia Karisma , Kohardinata Cliff
Published: February 2025

This study aims to obtain empirical test results regarding the effect of dividend yield, stock volume, and dividend payout ratio on dividend trap. This study uses secondary data for 2022-2023 using a dividend distribution schedule in 2023. The sampling technique was purposive sampling and obtained 223 company stock observation data in various industrial sectors. The research method uses panel data regression using the Stata 13 program. The test results in this study indicate that there is a positive significant effect of dividend yield and stock volume on dividend trap, and a negative significant effect of dividend payout ratio on dividend trap. This research provides a new understanding of the risk of dividend trap for dividend-focused investors, highlighting the importance of choosing company stocks efficiently.
Performance assessment of ternary blended fiber-reinforced recycled aggregate concrete
Authors:   Dept. of Civil Eng., Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu-641049, India, Gayathri V. , Govardhan C. ,   Dept. of Civil Eng., Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu-641049, India, Sruthi S. ,   Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology, Andhra Pradesh-516360, India, Dey Nabarun ,   Dept. of Civil Eng., Adamas University, Barasat, Kolkata- 700126, India
Published: February 2025

Amid growing environmental concerns and the urgent need for sustainable construction practices, recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) have garnered significant attention. This research explores the enhancement of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) performance while increasing the substitution level of RCA. The study investigates the mechanical and durability properties of M30-grade RAC, incorporating various combinations of OPC, PPC, Alccofine, manufactured sand, natural aggregates, and recycled coarse aggregates across 27 mixes. The results reveal that the mix containing 80% RCA with PPC, 10% Alccofine, and 0.50% glass fiber achieved a compressive strength of 39.74 MPa, surpassing the target strength. The flexural strength for this mix was 3.89 MPa, exceeding the requirements for low-volume road applications. The performance of RAC improved significantly in binary, ternary, and fiber-reinforced ternary blends, with fiber-reinforced ternary blends demonstrating superior performance and sustainability benefits. The durability of RAC was found to be improved with the inclusion of Alccofine and glass fibers. Alccofine showed superior improvement in durability properties such as chloride penetration, Sorptivity, and drying shrinkage. Compressive strength results were validated using response surface methodology (RSM). These findings highlight the viability of fiber-reinforced ternary blends for applications like pavements, which demand large quantities of aggregates. The study underscores the potential of recycling construction waste, reducing the carbon footprint, and advancing sustainable construction practices, paving the way for a greener future in the industry
Comparative analysis of R/SWIR, NIR/SWIR, and NDSI classification methods for determination of snow cover change on Erciyes Mountain, Türkiye using Landsat satellite images
Authors:   Dept. of Civil Eng., Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Uşak University, Uşak, Türkiye, Kesikoglu Mustafa Hayri
Published: February 2025

Snow is a crucial factor impacting many areas, including freshwater resources, irrigation, floods, and avalanches. The study aims to compare the performances of unsupervised classification methods namely Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI), Red/Shortwave- infrared (R/SWIR), and Near-infrared/Shortwave-infrared (NIR/SWIR) band ratio methods in snow cover classification while determining the temporal change and trend in snow cover area during the past three decades on Erciyes Mountain. The study analyzed the snow cover on Erciyes Mountain from 1988 to 2020 using Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 8 OLI data with a spatial resolution of 30 meters. Three unsupervised classification methods were applied to atmospheric-corrected Landsat datasets to obtain snow cover maps. The results indicate a declining trend in snow cover on Erciyes Mountain due to global warming, with a significant reduction of about 87% over the past 32 years. Among the three classification methods, NDSI demonstrated the highest accuracy and Kappa coefficient, making it the most suitable approach for snow cover mapping in mountainous regions. The findings can supply valuable contributions to literature and assist in better use of accurate snow cover classification methods in high mountainous regions.