bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Annular Directed Distributed Algorithm for Energy Internet
Authors: Tan Jiaming , Li Hongyou
Published: July 2022

This article investigates an annular directed distributed double optimal algorithm to manage many we-energy frameworks in energy management of energy Internet (EI). The we-energy (WE) is an integrated energy hub containing varied energy devices of different functions including multi-energy production, consumption, and conversion. On this basis, all WE models cooperate to search for a minimum value of an objective function. Energy management in EI has two main goals. On the one hand, it needs to attain the optimality of economy with influence about the fluctuation of distributed renewable energy and randomness of terminal users. On the other hand, the EI should protect the privacy of terminal users well. Besides, discovering optimality value in the oscillation near convergence point, EI also needs a decrease in communication frequency and refraining of Zeno behavior. Zeno behavior means some operation is triggered infinite times in finite times of iteration. For realizing these proposes, this literature establishes an EI system that transfers cyber information in an annular directed path. The algorithm in this EI system adopts a novel annular distributed double-control price guiding strategy. In addition, this algorithm employs other two methods including the alternating direction method of multipliers method and the Newton-downhill method to optimize economy and reach convergence, respectively. Meanwhile, that algorithm adopts a small positive constant

w

to avoid Zeno behavior. The performance of that algorithm is demonstrated through simulation results. Moreover, the optimality, convergence analysis, and avoiding Zeno behaviors are strictly proved by convex optimization and the monotone-bounded convergence theorem.
LipoxinA4 as a Potential Prognostic Marker of COVID-19
Authors: Jamali Farzaneh , Shahrami Bita , Mojtahedzadeh Amirmahdi , Najmeddin Farhad , Arabzadeh Amir Ahmad , Hadadi Azar , Sharifzadeh Mohammad , Mojtahedzadeh Mojtaba
Published: July 2022

This pilot study aimed to determine early changes of LXA4 levels among the hospitalized patients confirmed as COVID-19 cases following the clinical management and its correlation with commonly used inflammatory markers, including erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), c-reactive protein (CRP), and ferritin. Thirty-one adult hospitalized patients infected with the non-severe COVID-19 were included. LXA4 levels were measured at the baseline and 48-72 hours after hospitalization. Accordingly, ESR and CRP levels were collected on the first day of hospitalization. Moreover, the maximum serum ferritin levels were determined during the five days. LXA4 levels significantly increased at 48-72 hours compared to the baseline. ESR, CRP, and ferritin levels were positively correlated with the increased LXA4. In contrast, aging was shown to negatively correlate with the increased LXA4 levels. LXA4 may be known as a valuable marker to assess the treatment response among non-elderly patients with non-severe COVID-19. Furthermore, LXA4 could be considered as a potential treatment option under inflammatory conditions. Further studies are necessary to clarify LXA4 role in COVID-19 pathogenesis, as well as the balance between such pro-resolving mediators and inflammatory parameters.
Research on Fault Diagnosis Technology of Industrial Robot Operation Based on Deep Belief Network
Authors: Shuai Yang
Published: July 2022

Fault diagnosis technology is the science of identifying the operating state of a machine or unit, and it studies the response of the change in the operating state of the machine or unit in the diagnostic information. It can give an early warning to the failure state of the machine and stop the machine before a major failure occurs so as to protect the life safety of the on-site staff and avoid huge economic losses to the enterprise. For mechanical equipment, fault diagnosis consists of three main links: fault detection; fault identification; and fault classification. Aiming at the problems that need to be solved in the fault diagnosis of industrial robots, this paper adopts a data-driven intelligent diagnosis method to establish a fault diagnosis model of industrial robots based on Deep Belief Network (DBN) and DSmT theory. Firstly, based on wavelet transform and information energy entropy correlation theory, the vibration signal of industrial robot is extracted, and the energy entropy normalized eigenvector is established. Then, the energy entropy normalized feature vector is divided into training set and test set to complete the creation of DBN network model. Finally, using DSmT theory to carry out decision-making fusion, a fault diagnosis model for industrial robots is established, and experiments are carried out on the K-R-R540 robot to verify the applicability of the established fault diagnosis model. It is proved by experiments that the industrial robot fault diagnosis model based on the deep belief network can meet the requirements of the recognition accuracy of robot faults, and the model will perform poorly when the faults coexist with multiple faults.
A ascensão da paleontologia no final do século XIX: algumas considerações por Thomas Henry Huxley
Authors: Silva Junior Julian Cristian Gonçalves da
Published: July 2022

Além das pesquisas e aulas que ministrava em anatomia comparada, fisiologia, história natural e paleontologia, Thomas Henry Huxley (1825-1895) dedicou muito do seu tempo a dar palestras públicas. Estas, foram publicadas posteriormente como ensaios, contribuindo assim, para a difusão de suas ideias. Este artigo consiste em uma tradução de um desses ensaios “The rise and progress of paleontology” (O surgimento e a ascensão da paleontologia), em seu livro Collected essays: Science and the Hebrew em 1894. Neste trabalho Huxley apresentou à sua audiência um breve resumo sobre como a paleontologia surgiu, suas escolas, suas perspectivas e como a paleontologia se encaixava no contexto científico geral de sua época. Ele utilizou uma linguagem compreensível e convincente. Esperamos que este trabalho possa contribuir para o conhecimento das ideias paleontológicas de Huxley.
As espécies sob a perspectiva de Louis Agassiz: 1857-1874
Authors: Donda Pedrita Fernanda
Published: July 2022

O zoólogo suíço o Jean Louis Rodolphe Agassiz (1807-1873) criticou duramente a proposta de Charles Darwin logo após a publicação do Origin of species (1859). O objetivo deste artigo é discutir sobre a visão de Agassiz em relação às espécies no período compreendido entre 1857 e 1874, procurando detectar se houve mudanças. Esta pesquisa levou à conclusão de que no período considerado, Agassiz manteve sua posição fixista e criacionista e fez as mesmas críticas à proposta de Darwin. Estas diziam respeito principalmente à seleção natural, concepção de espécie e falta de evidências do gradualismo. Assim, não houve mudanças em sua posição.
Discussões em torno da história e filosofia da biologia aplicadas ao ensino de biologia
Authors: Souza Pedro Leal de , Schwantes Lavínia
Published: July 2022

A história e a filosofia da biologia buscam compreender, principalmente, como a biologia emergiu, se desenvolveu e estabeleceu. Sendo assim, estudos de história e filosofia da biologia oferecem diversas possibilidades para o ensino de biologia, no sentido de promover uma abordagem que busque contextualizar e aproximar a ciência biológica dos estudantes. Tendo isso em mente, buscamos neste trabalho, mapear a produção da revista Filosofia e História da Biologia, dedicada à história, filosofia da biologia e suas interfaces. Nesse sentido, analisamos um total de 262 artigos publicados no período entre 2006 e 2020, que correspondem a todas as publicações presentes na revista até a finalização desta pesquisa. Como resultado, encontramos: a) estudos que abordam a construção de conceitos específicos da Biologia; b) o desenvolvimento histórico e filosófico das subáreas da Biologia como, por exemplo, Evolução e Genética; c) a contribuição de autores específicos para estas áreas; d) e além dos artigos que tratam particularmente do ensino de biologia. Concluímos que, apesar de a   maior parte das pesquisas não possuir como tema principal a educação, elas podem fornecer subsídios teóricos tal como diversas estratégias para a prática docente, como contextualizar a ciência biológica, aproximá-la dos estudantes e desenvolver um ensino de biologia menos fragmentado.
O demônio da reescrita: Vilém Flusser e a escrita conceitual como futuro do escrever
Authors: Abreu Luis Felipe Silveira de
Published: July 2022

Este ensaio busca refletir a provocação de Vilém Flusser sobre o futuro da escrita, à luz de movimentos literários contemporâneos de reescrita, através de pesquisa bibliográfica exploratória. Apresentamos os movimentos contemporâneos envolvidos pelo reescrever, sobretudo sob a rubrica da escrita conceitual. Entendemos que essa escrita distende o imperativo informacional do escrever, como o definia Flusser, na direção de novas possibilidades para a linguagem verbal. Estas se realizam por dois gestos, como o demonstramos: a linguagem é entendida e descrita por esses escritores como aparelho; e então esse aparelho é submetido ao jogo por meio da escrita de apropriação.
Chronic Kidney Disease Is Associated With Increased Cardiac Corin Expression But Decreased Proatrial Natriuretic Peptide Conversion Activity
Authors: Yang Shang‐Feng , Li Szu‐Yuan , Lin Feng‐Yen , Hsieh Tsung‐Han , Huang Po‐Hsun , Lin Shing‐Jong
Published: July 2022

Background

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Corin converts proatrial natriuretic peptide into its active form after being activated by PCSK6 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 6) protease. It remains unknown whether the PCSK6/corin/atrial natriuretic peptide pathway plays a role in CKD‐induced cardiomyopathy.

Methods and Results

Serum corin, left ventricular mass index, and corin–left ventricular mass index correlation were compared between outpatients with versus without CKD. Cardiac corin expression and activity as well as serum corin were compared between 5/6 nephrectomy CKD animal models and sham controls. The effects of indoxyl sulfate, a uremic toxin, on cardiomyocytes were examined in vitro in H9c2 cells. A total of 543 patients were enrolled in this study. Serum corin levels were elevated in patients with CKD compared with levels in patients without CKD. Serum corin levels correlated negatively with left ventricular mass index in participants without CKD, but not in patients with CKD. Compared with sham controls, CKD mice had higher serum corin levels and increased cardiac expression of corin but reduced cardiac corin conversion activity. Indoxyl sulfate stimulated corin expression while suppressing serine protease activity in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. Lower PCSK6 expression in CKD mouse hearts and indoxyl sulfate–treated H9c2 cardiomyoblasts may explain, at least partly, the observed CKD‐associated reduction in corin activity.

Conclusions

In CKD, cardiac and serum levels of corin are increased, yet corin activity is suppressed. The latter may be attributable to reduced PCSK6 expression. These findings suggest that corin dysfunction may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of CKD‐associated cardiomyopathy.
Concomitant Use of Diltiazem With Direct Oral Anticoagulants and Bleeding Risk in Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Xu Yunwen , Chang Alex R. , Inker Lesley A. , McAdams‐DeMarco Mara , Grams Morgan E. , Shin Jung‐Im
Published: July 2022

Background

Diltiazem, a moderate cytochrome P450 3A4 isozyme/P‐glycoprotein inhibitor, may potentiate the bleeding risk of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) through pharmacokinetic interactions. We evaluated the association between concomitant use of diltiazem with DOACs and bleeding among patients with atrial fibrillation, across varying degrees of kidney function.

Methods and Results

We identified 4544 patients with atrial fibrillation who were initiated on rivaroxaban (n=1583), apixaban (n=2373), or dabigatran (n=588), between 2010 and 2019 in Geisinger Health, with a mean age of 72 years and an estimated glomerular filtration rate of 70 mL/min per 1.73 m
2
. At the time of DOAC initiation, 15% patients were taking diltiazem and an additional 5% were initiated on diltiazem during follow‐up. Among DOAC users, using diltiazem concurrently (versus DOAC alone) was associated with an increased risk of any bleeding‐related hospitalization (unadjusted risk difference, 2.4; 95% CI, 0.6–4.2 events per 100 person‐years; adjusted hazard ratio, 1.56, 95% CI, 1.15–2.12), as well as major bleeding (unadjusted risk difference, 1.4 [95% CI, 0.1–2.6 events per 100 person‐years]; adjusted hazard ratio, 1.84 [95% CI, 1.18–2.85]). Increased risk of any/major bleeding with diltiazem was observed in both patients with and without CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min per 1.73 m
2
) (
P
for interaction=0.524 and 0.629, respectively). Among 13 179 warfarin users (the negative control), concomitant diltiazem use was not associated with bleeding.

Conclusions

Concomitant use of diltiazem with DOACs was associated with a higher bleeding risk in patients with atrial fibrillation, consistently in both subgroups of chronic kidney disease and non–chronic kidney disease. For DOAC users, concomitant diltiazem should be prescribed only when the benefit outweighs the risk, with close monitoring for signs of bleeding.
Variation in bird taxonomic distinctness, but not body mass or niche overlap, explains the robustness of Neotropical seed dispersal networks
Authors: Manhães Marco A. , de Lima Wesley O. , Palácio Fábio B.
Published: July 2022

Frugivory and seed dispersal are fundamental ecological processes for the maintenance and conservation of tropical forest areas and ecosystem resilience. Here we investigated factors that could affect the relationship between frugivorous birds and fruit consumption, such as body mass, niche relationships, and species taxonomic groups, and the effects of such factors on the robustness of mutualistic bird-plant interaction networks. More specifically, we used Horn-Morisita niche overlap, the body mass coefficient of variation, and the variation in taxonomic distinctness index (varTD) as explanatory variables, and we applied multiple linear regression to test the that increased robustness in bird-plant frugivory networks occurs where birds have larger trophic niche overlaps and lower body mass variations and decreased robustness where they are more taxonomically diverse, in response to less functional redundancy. The analysis was based on literature data and fecal samples of birds collected after mist netting procedures. Bird body mass and niche overlap did not explain the variation in robustness in seed dispersal networks. However, different from expected, the results showed an effect of variations in taxonomic distinctness, suggesting that the larger the taxonomic distinctness of birds in a frugivore assemblage, the larger the robustness of the networks. Some hypotheses were suggested to explain this effect. Regardless of the factors that lead varTD to favor the robustness of mutualistic bird-plant networks, the results demonstrated that conserving diversity above the species level, and not just species limited to a few taxonomic groups, can be an important strategy for ecosystem conservation over time.
Saint John Neumann Migrants Centre/FaceBook Page. A Case Study of a Cyberchurch
Authors: Brazal Agnes M. , Lacsa Jose Eric Mella
Published: July 2022

This paper analyzes how the Saint John Neumann Migrants Center and its FB page function as cyberchurch or as a virtual extension of the Our Lady of Perpetual Help Shrine in Baclaran, Philippines. It examines how the FB page/Center responds to the spiritual, religious, and social needs of its members, as well as, how this transnational religious organizational structure impacts on migrants’ relations with the receiving and sending societies. A case study method was employed through non-participant observation of the FB Page/Center, and interviews with informed respondents, including victim-survivors from the Middle East. As mediator of a transnational religion, the SJNMC FB page simultaneously reflects and goes beyond the extended transnational religion prototype identified by Peggy Levitt and exemplified by the Catholic Church. Since it caters primarily to overseas Filipino workers who are only working abroad for the duration of their contract, it strengthens more migrants’ ties with the home country.
House Sparrows (Passer domesticus) do not make good neighbours: Interspecific clutch destruction of Common Swifts (Apus apus)
Authors: Hahn Amnonn , Yosef Reuven
Published: July 2022

Following extensive renovation of urban areas of central Israel, and in the framework of a research project of supplying nest-boxes for urban breeding birds, especially Common Swifts Apus apus, we documented interspecific nest destruction by House Sparrows Passer domesticus. In two separate incidents the House Sparrows entered the nest chamber of the swifts and removed the eggs by puncturing them. In one, the incident occurred early enough in the breeding season and allowed the Common Swift pair to renest and successfully fledge two young.
Reflections on ‘Exceptionalism’ and ‘Acceptionalism’
Authors: Pollick G. David
Published: July 2022

In 1835, Alexis de Tocqueville introduced the concept of American Exceptionalism in his well known Democracy in America. Its subsequent use has been selective and politically pragmatic, serving a range of pens and purposes, most recently becoming a justification for exclusion and bigotry. This runs counter to the progress higher education has made to internationalize its curricula and to significantly expand the opportunities for students to study abroad over the recent decades at a time when the need for international awareness and understanding is at its greatest. The future success of international programming and institutional partnering will be judged by its ability to prepare students for the real life problems differing peoples are facing, going beyond the most common travel and culture programs which have come to characterize higher education for over 50 years. While the original educational and cultural aspirations for study-abroad, as well as the pragmatic bases for institutional partnerships certainly remain, both the dramatic changes in the delivery of higher education and the significance of the broader challenges societies are facing, call for an expansion and re-examination of the role of national and international partnerships and our expectations for undergraduate study-abroad. Furthermore, it is argued that through a greater application of a more experiential approach to study-abroad, students will develop a richer and more insightful understanding of why all cultures for reasons of their own should be considered exceptional; an understanding that is inclusionary – protagistically replacing exceptionalism with acceptionalism.
International Educational Partnerships for a Troubled World: One Educator’s Experience
Authors: Berberet William G.
Published: July 2022

This article describes international educational partnerships developed in the intellectual tradition of John Dewey’s philosophies of pragmatism and progressive education. In his international work in China and Japan, Dewey sought what might be called “collective intelligence” via cross-cultural experiences fostering democracy through international understanding of the multiple “truths” endemic to different cultures. These partnerships provide models for consideration at a time of growing global unease in the wake of contemporary international tensions somewhat reminiscent of what was described in the United States after World War ii as the Cold War. If anything, current tensions are more complex, intractable, and dangerous because they are driven not only by “superpower” rivalries, but also by regional conflicts involving religious ideologies, mass human migrations, urgent environmental problems, and widespread terrorism and violence. Created primarily during the 1970s and 1980s, the described educational partnerships were intended to foster international understanding through exchanges that paralleled the citizen “people to people” movements of the time that provided critical popular support enabling leaders in the United States, Europe, and the Soviet Union to bring an end to the Cold War and, for a time, collaborate in the optimistic expectation of creating a new world order of cooperation, understanding, and stability.
Toward a digital twin of a mid-speed marine engine: From detailed 1D engine model to real-time implementation on a target platform
Authors: Hautala Saana , Mikulski Maciej , Söderäng Emma , Storm Xiaoguo , Niemi Seppo
Published: July 2022

System complexity is challenging for development of marine mid-speed engines when striving to meet increasingly stringent emission targets. Control-oriented modeling offers a solution, cutting calibration time and enabling robust control strategies. Simultaneously, real-time, physics-based engine models (digital twins) are emerging as they offer better predictive capability and scalability than typical mean-value, data-driven approaches. This study explored development of a control-oriented digital twin of a Wärtsilä 4L20 marine engine. Starting from a detailed one-dimensional model (GT-Suite), it explored reduction strategies toward a fast-running engine model (FRM), balancing the calculation speed and accuracy trade-off. Finally, the FRM was tested for real-time implementation on a target machine. Comprehensive experimental data from the 4L20 platform in the VEBIC Engine Laboratory provided the baseline for model calibration. Model calibration and validation covered four representative operating points and involved correlation of crank-angle, resolved in-cylinder pressures, thermal state at several locations of the engine air-path and relevant performance indicators. The results shed new light on the feasibility of digital twins in the marine engine domain. The obtained FRM was three times faster than real-time, while the accuracy loss was comfortably within the 5% tolerance levels for the governing outputs, including crank angle resolved in-cylinder pressure. The grid-resolved simulation was obtained with four times fewer flow components and internal discretization length of 100% and 150% of the cylinder bore for intake and exhaust components respectively. The balance between predictivity, accuracy and real-time surplus, was ultimately more favorable than in state of the art automotive applications and enables exploring further coupling with semi-predictive emission sub-models. The real-time capable FRM is considered applicable in hardware-in-the-loop simulation, and this application is scheduled in a follow-up project.
Implementation of clinical guidelines for osteoarthritis together (IMPACT): protocol for a participatory health research approach to implementing high value care
Authors: Toomey Clodagh M. , Kennedy Norelee , MacFarlane Anne , Glynn Liam , Forbes John , Skou Soren T. , Roos Ewa M.
Published: July 2022

Background

The evidence-based interventions of exercise and education have been strongly recommended as part of prominent clinical guidelines for hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA) for more than ten years. Despite the wealth of strong evidence that exists, implementation in practice is sub-optimal. This paper describes the key methodologies used in the co-design, tailoring, and evaluation of the IMPACT project implementation strategies, to confront this problem across multiple levels (micro, meso, macro) in public and private healthcare settings in Ireland.

Methods

Using a type III hybrid implementation-effectiveness design, a participatory, dynamic and iterative process will be used to tailor and evaluate multi-level implementation strategies using the following stages: 1) Co-design the implementation strategies with key stakeholders using best evidence, a theory-driven implementation framework (Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research), local context and expert consensus; 2) Pilot and evaluate the implementation strategies by training physiotherapists to deliver the evidence-based Good Life with osteoArthritis Denmark (GLA:D®) education and exercise programme using the implementation strategies, and conduct a mixed-methods process evaluation; 3) Adapt the implementation strategies based on implementation process evaluation indicators from stage two. The adapted strategies will be used for scale-up and sustainability in subsequent GLA:D® Ireland training programmes that will be rolled out nationally. Evaluation of effectiveness on patient and cost outcomes will continue up to 12 months post-programme delivery, using an online patient registry and pre-post design.

Discussion

This implementation science project aims to use participatory health research to address a gap in management of OA across public and private healthcare settings. This research has the potential to change practice and promote a policy of exercise and physical activity referral for chronic musculoskeletal disease that utilises community engagement effectively and enacts change ‘together’, with involvement of researchers, decision-makers, clinicians and patients.
Evaluation of endothelial cell-specific molecule-1 as a biomarker of glycocalyx damage in canine myxomatous mitral valve disease
Authors: Hong Hee-Jeong , Oh Ye-In , Park Su-Min , An Ju-Hyun , Kim Tae-Hee , Chae Hyung-Kyu , Seo Kyoung-won , Youn Hwa-Young
Published: July 2022

Background

Endothelial cell-specific molecule-1 (ESM-1) has emerged as a potential biomarker for cardiovascular disease in humans. Myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is the most common heart disease in dogs, and we hypothesized that MMVD causes chronic inflammation that increases susceptibility to endothelial glycocalyx (eGCX) damage. In this study, we measured the concentration of ESM-1 in a group of dogs with MMVD and evaluated factors affecting eGCX damage.

Results

Sixty-four dogs (control, n = 6; MMVD, n = 58) were enrolled in this study. There was no significant difference in serum ESM-1 concentrations among the MMVD stages. The serum ESM-1 concentration was significantly higher in the death group than in the alive group in MMVD dogs. (p = 0.006). In five dogs with MMVD, serum ESM-1 concentrations tended to decrease when the cardiac drug (pimobendan, furosemide, and digoxin) dose was increased.

Conclusions

In cases where MMVD progressed to decompensated heart failure with clinical symptoms and resulted in death, the concentration of serum ESM-1 increased significantly. Therefore, ESM-1 could be utilized as a new potential negative prognostic factor in patients with MMVD.
Long-term effectiveness and trajectories of change after treatment with SMART, a transdiagnostic CBT for adolescents with emotional problems
Authors: Lorentzen Veronica , Fagermo Kenneth , Handegård Bjørn Helge , Neumer Simon-Peter , Skre Ingunn
Published: July 2022

Background

There is a need for long-term effectiveness trials of transdiagnostic treatments. This study investigates the effectiveness and diagnosis-specific trajectories of change in adolescent patients attending SMART, a 6-week transdiagnostic CBT for anxiety and depression, with 6-month follow-up.

Methods

A randomized controlled trial with waiting list control (WLC) was performed at three child and adolescent mental health outpatient services (CAMHS) in Norway. Referred adolescents (N = 163, age = 15.72, 90.3% females) scoring 6 or more on the emotional disorders subscale of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) were randomly assigned to treatment or to WLC. Long-term follow-up (N = 83, baseline age = 15.57, 94% females) was performed 6 months after treatment completion (Mean = 7.1 months, SD = 2.5). Linear mixed model analysis was used to assess time by group effects in patients with no diagnosis, probable anxiety, depressive disorder, and combined anxiety and depressive disorder.

Results

Almost one third (31%) obtained full recovery according to the inclusion criterium (SDQ emotional). There was highly significant change in all outcome variables. Effect sizes (ES) were largest for general functioning, measured with CGAS (ES: d = 2.19), and on emotional problems measured with SDQ (ES: d = 2.10), while CORE-17, BDI-II and CGAS all obtained ES’s close to 1. There were no significant time by diagnostic group interactions for any outcomes, indicating similar trajectories of change, regardless of diagnostic group. Waiting 6 weeks for treatment had no significant impact on long-term treatment effects.

Limitations

Possible regression to the mean. Attrition from baseline to follow-up.

Conclusions

Six weeks of transdiagnostic treatment for adolescents with emotional problems showed highly significant change in emotional symptoms and functioning at 6-month follow-up. Patients with anxiety, depression, combined anxiety and depression, and emotional problems with no specific diagnoses, all had similar trajectories of change. Hence this transdiagnostic SMART treatment can be recommended for adolescent patients with symptoms within the broad spectrum of emotional problems.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02150265. First registered May 29, 2014.
Evaluation of furcation involvement with diagnostic imaging methods: a systematic review
Authors: Jolivet Guilhem , Huck Olivier , Petit Catherine
Published: July 2022

Objective:

Multirooted teeth respond less favorably to non-surgical periodontal treatment and long-term tooth prognosis is influenced by the degree of furcation involvement (FI). Therapeutic strategy for multirooted teeth is essentially based on accurate diagnosis of the FI. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the accuracy of the different furcation assessment methods and to determine if radiographic help is needed to determine early stage of FI.

Methods:

Electronic databases were searched up to March 2021. Comparative studies describing the reliability of different clinical and/or radiological furcation assessment methods were identified.

Results:

A total of 22 studies comparing at least 2 furcation assessment methods, among which 15 retrospective studies, 5 prospective studies, 1 randomized controlled trial and 1 case series, were included in this review. The reliability of cone beam CT (CBCT), intraoral radiographs (IOs), orthopantomograms (OPGs) and MRI to identify FI was evaluated. Using OFS as a reference for FI detection and diagnosis, agreement ranged from 43.3 to 63% for OPG, 38.7 to 83.1% for IO and 82.4 to 84% for CBCT. The validity of the measurements was mainly influenced by the location of the furcation entrance. For radiological diagnosis, CBCT displayed the closest agreement with OFS while the accuracy of IO and OPG showed modest agreement and were influenced by the examiner’s experience.

Conclusion:

Altogether, it appears that the use of IO, OPG or CBCT allows detection of FI but could not be considered as gold-standard techniques.
Analysis of extrauterine growth retardation and related risk factors in 132 premature infants
Authors: Sun Meng , Lu Jing , Sun Meng , Zheng Yan , Zhu Qianqian , Liu Caixia
Published: July 2022

Objectives: To understand the incidence and related risk factors of extrauterine growth retardation (EUGR) in preterm infants.

Methods: The clinical data of 132 premature infants hospitalized in the neonatal ward of Maternity and Child Health Care of Zaozhuang from July 2019 to June 2020 were collected. Children were divided into groups according to their birth gestational age (<32 weeks, 32~35 weeks and >35 weeks) and birth weight (<1-500 g, 1,500~2,500 g and >2,500 g). Treatment during hospitalization and follow-up after discharge were investigated by retrospective analysis. Incidence of EUGR in premature infants at discharge and the related risk factors leading to this complication, demonstrated by logistic multivariate regression analysis, were summarized.

Results: When evaluated according to weight, length and head circumference, incidence of EUGR at discharge in premature infants were 36.36%, 41.67% and 21.97% respectively. Smaller gestational age and lower birth weight significantly correlated with higher incidence of EUGR at discharge (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that small gestational age, low birth weight, intrauterine growth retardation, late first intestinal feeding, digestive system complications and respiratory system complications were independent risk factors for EUGR in premature infants discharged from hospital (P<0.05).

Conclusions: The incidence of EUGR in premature infants at discharge is relatively high. Strengthening perinatal health care for pregnant women, reducing the incidence of intrauterine growth retardation and preterm birth, giving intestinal feeding as soon as possible after birth, and actively participating in preventing and treating postnatal complications are effective ways to reduce the incidence of EUGR at discharge.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.6.5864

How to cite this:Sun M, Lu J, Sun M, Zheng Y, Zhu Q, Liu C. Analysis of extrauterine growth retardation and related risk factors in 132 premature infants. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(6):1644-1648. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.6.5864

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Η διερεύνηση του ρόλου και των λειτουργικών και μοριακών χαρακτηριστικών των μεσεγχυματικών κυττάρων (MSCs) στην ενδομυελική ήλωση
Authors: Σπερελάκης Ιωάννης
Published: July 2022

Η γλυφανιζόμενη ενδομυελική ήλωση αποτελεί την μέθοδο εκλογής για την χειρουργική θεραπεία των καταγμάτων της διάφυσης των μακρών οστών. Κατά την χειρουργική διαδικασία επηρεάζεται σε τοπικό αλλά και σε συστηματικό επίπεδο το μικροπεριβάλλον του οστίτη ιστού. Η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή ερευνά την επιρροή της γλυφανιζόμενης ενδομυελικής ήλωσης στον πληθυσμό των μεσεγχυματικών κυττάρων (MSCs) των ασθενών πού θεραπεύονται με την χειρουργική αυτή μέθοδο και έχουν υποστεί κάταγμα μακρού οστού. Ο άξονας με μοτίβο C-X-C υποδοχέα 4 (CXCR4)/ stromal sell-derived factor (SDF-1) επιλέχθηκε καθώς αποτελεί το κύριο και μοναδικό μονοπάτι προσέλκυσης και μετανάστευσης των MSCs.Για το λόγο αυτό ελήφθησαν δείγματα μυελού των οστών και περιφερικού αίματος δύο διαφορετικές χρονικές στιγμές: πριν και μετά από την γλυφανιζόμενη ενδομυελική ήλωση. Έγινε καλλιέργεια των κυττάρων του μυελού των οστών και ακολούθως RT-qPCR διενεργήθηκε για μέτρηση των επιπέδων CXCR4 mRNA και ELISA για τα επίπεδα του SDF-1 παράγοντα στο περιφερικό αίμα. Η πειραματική διαδικασία έδειξε ότι υπήρξε συσχέτιση μεταξύ των αυξημένων επιπέδων του παράγοντα SDF-1 στο περιφερικό αίμα και των μειωμένων επιπέδων έκφρασης του CXCR4 στα MSCs του μυελού των οστών αμέσως μετά την διενέργεια της γλυφανιζόμενης ενδομυελικής ήλωσης. Επίσης, τα επίπεδα του παράγοντα SDF-1 φάνηκαν αυξημένα στο περιφερικό αίμα των ασθενών μετά την επέμβαση. Συμπερασματικά, η παρούσα μελέτη είναι η πρώτη προσπάθεια απόδειξης της επίδρασης της ενδομυελικής ήλωσης στον πληθυσμό των μεσεγχυματικών κυττάρων του μυελού των οστών (MSCs) μέσω επιρροής του άξονα CXCR4/SDF-1. Τα επίπεδα του συνδέτη SDF-1 στον ορό αυξήθηκαν μετά την γλυφανιζόμενη ενδομυελική ήλωση ενώ η αύξηση αυτή παρουσίασε αντίστροφη συσχέτιση με τα επίπεδα έκφρασης mRNA του υποδοχέα CXCR4 στα μεσεγχυματικά κύτταρα που προέρχονται από την δεξαμενή του μυελού των οστών μετά την χειρουργική επέμβαση. Με τον τρόπο αυτό η παρατήρηση αυτή συμβάλει στην διαλεύκανση και περαιτέρω καταγραφή των επιδράσεων την γλυφανιζόμενης ενδομυελικής ήλωσης σε κυτταρικό επίπεδο στον πληθυσμό των MSCs.
USING DOING & UNDOING GENDER STRATEGIES IN RUSSIAN WOMEN’S CAREER DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Gurieva Svetlana D. , Udavikhina Uliana A.
Published: July 2022

In Russia, the overall number of educated, qualified, healthy, working women is significantly higher than that of men. Nevertheless, women face unequal wage distribution and feel the income gap, rarely reach managerial positions, are not represented at high managerial levels, and are excluded from political life, which is a manifestation of gender inequality. The research was based on the concept of gender strategies of Doing & Undoing Gender Strategies.

The aim of the study was to identify and examine gender-specific career development strategies of Russian women as a way of narrowing the gender gap. The study involved 51 women aged 22 to 60 who were asked to complete a semi-structured interview.

The results were processed by content analysis and frequency analysis. The main results were to confirm the existence of gender strategies as a way of overcoming the gender gap in the organization and to identify and describe the specifics of Russian women’s application of gender strategies in their career development. The Doing Undoing Gender Strategy was used more frequently than the Undoing Gender Strategy. However, the scope of Undoing Gender was significantly wider and more variable. Those women who used a combination of gender strategies rated themselves as “strong performers”, emphasized high subjective satisfaction with their lives (having a family and children), and noted a successful career path, unlike those who used only one of the strategies. A combination of gender strategies can help to promote women’s careers in the best possible way and bridge the gender gap in the organization.
DIAGNOSTICS OF RUSTS AND SPOTTS OF WHEAT USING COMPUTER VISION METHODS
Authors: Arinicheva Irina V. , Arinichev Igor V. , Volkova Galina V. , Polyanskikh Sergey V.
Published: July 2022

Purpose. To investigate the possibility of diagnosing yellow and brown rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici West. Puccinia triticina f. sp. tritici Erikss), yellow spot (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.) Drechsler) on wheat leaves from images using convolutional neural networks, to compare the most successful and compact neural network architectures.

Materials and methods. The material for the research was the images of samples of wheat leaves affected by rust and spots, obtained in the conditions of infectious nurseries of the All-Russian Research Institute of Biological Plant Protection. The total sample size included 5169 images, including brown rust - 227, yellow rust – 1283, yellow spot – 3659. Research methods: data preprocessing methods, training methods for convolutional neural networks.

Results. A comparison was made of the four most successful and compact neural network architectures GoogleNet, ResNet-18, SqueezeNet-1.0 and DenseNet-121. On test data – 518 images, all of the above models demonstrated high prediction quality. The best result was shown by DenseNet-121, providing a classification accuracy of over 99 %, with two false positives.

Conclusion. The possibility of diagnosing wheat fungal diseases from images using modern methods of computer vision was analyzed. It is shown that under controlled conditions, with a competent organization of the process of collecting and marking data, the problem is successfully solved, and the listed models are the reserve that will automate the stage of phytosanitary monitoring diagnostics.
Seasonal variations in Home Range Size of Capped Langur (Trachypithecus pileatus) in a degraded habitat in Assam, India
Authors: Borah Dhiraj Kumar , Solanki GhanShyam , Bhattacharjee Parimal Ch.
Published: July 2022

A group of capped langurs, Trachypithecus pileatus comprising eight individuals was studied in Sri Surya Pahar, a degraded habitat in Goalpara district of Assam to record the seasonal variations in distance travelled, home range, and habitat utilization through direct observation supplemented by Geographical Information system (GIS). Scan sampling method was followed to record data on ranging behaviour. Seasonality in the home range size was evident and significant (P<0.01), it was 20 ha in winter, 17 ha in pre-monsoon, 17.75 ha in monsoon and 16.25 ha in retreating monsoon. The mean daily travel distance varied significantly (P<0.01), it was 375 m in retreating monsoon to 490 m in winter. The mean daily travel length was 439 m and the total annual home range size was 38.25 ha. The variation of home range size was correlated with the distribution and abundance of food resources. Home range size and daily travel distance showed significant seasonal variations. In both the cases the ranging patterns were longer during the winter season. This may be due to shortage of new leaves during winter, which is the preferred food item of capped langur. Spatial availability of the different food resources over different seasons may also be a reason for significant changes in ranging pattern during different seasons. The present data on home range size and ranging pattern of capped langur in degraded habitat could be useful for improvement of habitat and the conservation of this endangered species in Assam.
Nutritional knowledge and nutritional status of the recreationally active population
Authors: Pawlas Agnieszka , Bielaszka Agnieszka , Staśkiewicz Wiktoria , Stelmach Anna-Maria , Kiciak Agata , Marek Kardas Marek Kardas
Published: July 2022

Introduction. Adequate nutrition combined with physical activity is the foundation of a healthy lifestyle. Recreational sportspersons should know how to adjust their nutrition to physical activity in order to benefit their health. The aim of the study was to assess the nutritional knowledge of recreationally active people and to assess the influence of BMI and gender on the level of nutritional knowledge. Material and methods. The study was conducted with the use of 200 participants aged 15-55 years living in the city of Katowice. The respondents were physically active at least 3 times a week for at least 1 hour. Nutritional knowledge was assessed through a self-administered questionnaire. Nutritional status was assessed by means of the BMI index, and for its assessment, the ranges recommended by the World Health Organization were adopted. Results. Most of the respondents - 33.5% (n=77) declared that they practiced weight training, 15.5% (n=31) attended group fitness classes, 14.5% (n=29) practiced running, fewer people practiced team sports and cycling. The nutrition knowledge of the majority of the respondents was at a sufficient level (n=136), 44 respondents had good nutrition knowledge and 22 respondents had insufficient nutrition knowledge. None of the respondents had very good nutrition knowledge. More than 70% of respondents had normal BMI (n=142), more than 25% (n=51) were overweight, and 7 subjects had BMI values below normal. Conclusions. There was no relationship between gender, BMI, and level of nutritional knowledge. The study shows that there is a need for nutritional education for recreational sportsmen.
Stealth Advising: How Advisors Introduce Academic Substance into Routine Conversations
Authors: Wei Junhow
Published: July 2022

How do academic advisors encourage students to consider the meaning, value, and logic of their educational journeys during appointments despite pressures from students and others to discuss rote information, such as curricular rules and requirements? The concept of stealth advising describes how advisors manage such pressures by weaving novel content into conversations without disrupting conversational flow or sacrificing rapport. Drawing on observations of appointments and interviews with students and their advisors, I discuss three stealth advising strategies: checking in on students' experiences, supplementing rote information with related content, and challenging or questioning students' decisions. I outline the challenges and limitations of using stealth advising to achieve quality advising.
Appreciative Advising to Enhance Academic Major Satisfaction in Prenursing Students
Authors: Burks Cassondra H.
Published: July 2022

Nursing students' success and satisfaction with the major require early, proactive practices. This study examined two such practices utilized with prenursing students: freshman seminar and Appreciative Advising (AA). This study explored whether AA integrated into freshman seminar would impact prenursing students' academic major satisfaction. An advisor hosted four AA sessions in group format in freshman seminar throughout the first half of a 15-week semester. This one-group pretest/posttest investigation revealed prenursing students' (n = 81) academic major satisfaction improved at a statistically significant level (Z = –4.11, p < .001) with a medium effect (r = .32) after a first semester AA intervention.
An Exploration of Graduate Education in Academic Advising: A Case Study Analysis
Authors: McGill Craig M. , Schindler Wendy , Solon Keira , Bridgen Sean T. , Mathews Sarah A.
Published: July 2022

As a field's literature base deepens, an academic discipline can emerge and lead to the development of a profession. For an academic discipline to thrive, new scholars must be trained in its specialized knowledge. Kansas State University was the first institution to offer graduate programs in academic advising. Subsequently, other graduate programs have been developed at various institutions across North America. The purpose of this collective case study is to examine graduate education in academic advising through two separate but related cases: an interview study of NACADA leaders and a content analysis of graduate programs in academic advising. The growth in graduate programs, along with the expanding knowledge base, will strengthen academic advising's potential as a bonified, recognized academic discipline.
Ecological interaction between Artibeus jamaicensis and Microdesmia arborea in a deciduous forest of central México
Authors: Medina-Bello Kevin I. , Vázquez-Rueda Eduardo , Ayala-Berdón Jorge
Published: July 2022

La dispersión de semillas es esencial para una gran cantidad de plantas, de manera que estas puedan colonizar nuevos sitios.  Entre los dispersores, los murciélagos frugívoros han sido considerados esenciales para el funcionamiento del ecosistema.  Aunque el papel de los murciélagos como dispersores de semillas ha sido ampliamente probado, muchas de las interacciones mutualistas entre las plantas y los murciélagos frugívoros aún se desconocen y se ha proporcionado poca evidencia directa de la dispersión de semillas.  Como parte de un monitoreo continuo que hemos realizado en la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra de Huautla, encontramos una pequeña colonia de Artibeus jamaicensis descansando en una cueva cerca de una serie de cultivos utilizados por la población local para producir alimento.  En el interior de la cueva encontramos una gran cantidad de cotiledones de Microdesmia arborea (Chrysobalanaceae) en crecimiento, justo debajo de los lugares de descanso utilizados por los murciélagos.  Estos cotiledones germinaron a partir de las semillas de los frutos de los que se alimentaron los individuos de A. jamaicensis.  Hasta donde sabemos, este es el primer registro que reporta la asociación entre A. jamaicensis y M. arborea.  Los cotiledones en crecimiento que encontramos demuestran la importancia de A. jamaicensis para la dispersión y germinación de ciertas especies de plantas, incluso en condiciones desfavorables como el interior de cuevas.  De acuerdo con la legislación mexicana, M. arborea se encuentra catalogada como amenazada, por lo que la dispersión de sus semillas por parte de los murciélagos puede ser de vital importancia para su conservación.  La dispersión de semillas tiene una gran importancia en un ambiente rodeado de cultivos, donde la regeneración forestal debe desempeñar un papel fundamental en el mantenimiento de la vegetación natural.