bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Increasing audiovisual speech integration in autism through enhanced attention to mouth
Authors: Feng Shuyuan , Wang Qiandong , Hu Yixiao , Lu Haoyang , Li Tianbi , Song Ci , Fang Jing , Chen Lihan , Yi Li
Published: November 2022

Autistic children (AC) show less audiovisual speech integration in the McGurk task, which correlates with their reduced mouth‐looking time. The present study examined whether AC's less audiovisual speech integration in the McGurk task could be increased by increasing their mouth‐looking time. We recruited 4‐ to 8‐year‐old AC and nonautistic children (NAC). In two experiments, we manipulated children's mouth‐looking time, measured their audiovisual speech integration by employing the McGurk effect paradigm, and tracked their eye movements. In Experiment 1, we blurred the eyes in McGurk stimuli and compared children's performances in blurred‐eyes and clear‐eyes conditions. In Experiment 2, we cued children's attention to either the mouth or eyes of McGurk stimuli or asked them to view the McGurk stimuli freely. We found that both blurring the speaker's eyes and cuing to the speaker's mouth increased mouth‐looking time and increased audiovisual speech integration in the McGurk task in AC. In addition, we found that blurring the speaker's eyes and cuing to the speaker's mouth also increased mouth‐looking time in NAC, but neither blurring the speaker's eyes nor cuing to the speaker's mouth increased their audiovisual speech integration in the McGurk task. Our findings suggest that audiovisual speech integration in the McGurk task in AC could be increased by increasing their attention to the mouth. Our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of relations between face attention and audiovisual speech integration, and provide insights for the development of professional supports to increase audiovisual speech integration in AC.

Highlights

The present study examined whether audiovisual speech integration in the McGurk task in AC could be increased by increasing their attention to the speaker's mouth.

Blurring the speaker's eyes increased mouth‐looking time and audiovisual speech integration in the McGurk task in AC.

Cuing to the speaker's mouth also increased mouth‐looking time and audiovisual speech integration in the McGurk task in AC.

Audiovisual speech integration in the McGurk task in AC could be increased by increasing their attention to the speaker's mouth.
Long‐term effects of transcranial direct current stimulation in the treatment of autism spectrum disorder: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Auvichayapat Paradee , Intayot Krittiya , Udomchat Chavisa , Suphakunpinyo Chanyut , Patjanasoontorn Niramol , Keeratitanont Keattichai , Tunkamnerdthai Orathai , Jensen Mark P. , Humbert Andrew T. , Auvichayapat Narong
Published: November 2022

Aim

To compare the efficacy of 0, 5, and 20 sessions of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for reducing symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Method

Thirty‐six male children with ASD (mean age 2 years 3 months, SD 4 months, age range 1 years 6 months–2 years 11 months) were balanced and stratified by age, sex, and baseline severity of ASD, to: (1) a control group that received 20 sessions of sham tDCS; (2) a 5‐session tDCS group (5‐tDCS) that received 5 sessions of active tDCS followed by 15 sessions of sham tDCS; and (3) a 20‐session tDCS group (20‐tDCS) that received 20 sessions of active tDCS. All groups participated in the special school activity of Khon Kaen Special Education Center, Thailand. The primary outcome was autism severity as measured by the Childhood Autism Severity Scale.

Results

The 5‐tDCS and 20‐tDCS groups evidenced greater reductions in autism severity than the control group at days 5 and 14, and months 6 and 12. There were no significant differences in the outcome between the 5‐ and 20‐tDCS groups at any time point. Within‐group analysis showed clinically meaningful improvements starting at month 6 for the participants in the control group, and clinically meaningful improvements starting on day 5 in both active tDCS groups, all of which were maintained to month 12.

Interpretation

The 5‐ and 20‐session tDCS seems to reduce autism severity faster than sham tDCS. These effects maintained at least for 1 year.

What this paper adds

Twenty sessions of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) were not superior to five sessions.

Sham tDCS with a special school activity can reduce autism severity starting at 6 months after treatment.

The benefits observed for 5 and 20 sessions of tDCS last for at least 12 months.
Silk‐assisted hatching of the Japanese bagworm moth Eumeta variegata (Lepidoptera: Psychidae)
Authors: Yamada Nobuto , Yoshioka Taiyo , Sagisaka Aki , Kameda Tsunenori , Ichiki Ryoko T.
Published: November 2022

Bagworms constantly carry a portable bag with their prolegs inside, even when walking. Therefore, bagworms have a unique walking style. Bagworms construct footholds with silk and walk using only their thoracic legs. Bagworms build their bag immediately after hatching and carry them for the rest of their lives. Therefore, the only period when they move without a bag is immediately after hatching, when they move away from the hatched egg. We assessed their movement behavior in the period immediately after hatching when all legs were available, including prolegs. Our observations revealed that hatching Eumeta variegata (Japan's largest bagworm species) spun foothold silk threads even as they left the egg. From the moment the head broke out of the egg, larvae began spinning foothold silk threads. To do this, larvae twisted their anterior regions approximately 90° immediately before hatching. This finding indicates that larvae prepare to spin foothold silk threads during embryonic development.
Reduced expression of CXCL16/CXCR6 is involved in the pathogenesis of hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: Wang Zhongshuai , Zhao Huijuan , Zhai Wanying , Zhang Xiaofeng , Li Li , Yuan Chen , Li Yi , Li Yangqun , Yan Yan , Wang Baoxi
Published: November 2022

Mutations in the γ‐secretase complex have been well‐described in familial hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). No gene mutations have been identified in sporadic HS, which comprises 60%–70% of all HS cases. Obesity and smoking are risk factors for HS and are closely related to DNA methylation, an essential epigenetic phenomenon. Hence, we hypothesized that epigenetic modifications might be involved in sporadic HS. To investigate genes with aberrant methylation in sporadic HS cases and assess their expression in skin lesions and blood from patients with HS. Skin lesion samples and corresponding normal skin were obtained from three patients with HS and subjected to whole‐genome DNA methylation sequencing. Blood samples were collected from 20 patients with HS and 20 healthy controls (HCs). The HS mouse model was established by applying tamoxifen to NcstnΔKC mice. Target gene expression was analysed by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, western blotting, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and semiquantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR). Among 10 807 differentially methylated genes, we filtered 2101 genes with hypermethylated promoter regions, and following bioinformatics analyses, we focused on CXC chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL16). Subsequent functional experiments confirmed the downregulation of CXCL16 and its receptor, CXC chemokine receptor (CXCR) 6, in skin tissue from HS patients and NcstnΔKC mice. Serum CXCL16 concentrations were also significantly decreased in patients with HS. Our data revealed the downregulation of CXCL16 and CXCR6 in HS.
Effects of elevated water temperature on cutthroat trout angler catch rates and catch‐and‐release mortality in Idaho streams
Authors: Meyer Kevin A. , McCormick Joshua L. , Kozfkay Joseph R. , Dillon Jeff C.
Published: November 2022

The concern is growing that angling may need to cease at elevated summer water temperatures to protect salmonid populations. Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii in streams were caught, marked and released using artificial dry flies at temperatures from 13.5 to 25.7°C to evaluate whether subsequent recapture with backpack electrofishing (an index of relative survival) was reduced when the water temperature was elevated at the time of landing, and to evaluate the effect of water temperature on angler catch rates. The electrofishing recapture rate of marked fish (i.e. relative survival) declined as water temperature increased, from 0.58 for fish landed at <21°C to 0.35 at 21–23°C and 0.17 at >23°C. However, angler catch declined similarly as water temperature increased, from 5.2 fish/h at <21°C to 4.1 fish/h at 21–23°C and 1.2 fish/h at >23°C. After accounting for both declines, fish mortality/angler might be higher at cooler water temperatures than at warmer temperatures. Therefore, inhibiting fishing at elevated water temperatures may not benefit trout populations any more than at cooler temperatures.
Youth engagement in mental health research: A systematic review
Authors: McCabe Erin , Amarbayan Mungunzul (Megan) , Rabi Sarah , Mendoza Justino , Naqvi Syeda Farwa , Thapa Bajgain Kalpana , Zwicker Jennifer D. , Santana Maria
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Patient engagement in youth mental health research has the potential to inform research on the interventions, services and policies that will benefit youth. At present, there is little evidence to guide mental health researchers on youth engagement. This systematic review aims to describe the impacts of youth engagement on mental health research and to summarize youth engagement in mental health research.

Methods

We searched the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO, using a combination of subject headings, keywords and synonyms for the concepts ‘patient engagement’, ‘youth’ and ‘mental health’. Articles that described engaging youth in mental health research were included. Two reviewers performed the study selection. Study characteristics, research activities performed by youth, impacts of youth engagement, challenges, and facilitators to engagement and recommendations for youth engagement described by authors were extracted. Quality appraisal involved determining the level of engagement of youth and the stage(s) of research where youth were involved.

Results

The database search returned 2836 citations, 151 full‐text articles were screened and 16 articles, representing 14 studies, were selected for inclusion. Youth were involved at nearly all stages of the research cycle, in either advisory or co‐production roles. Youth engagement impacts included enhancing relevant research findings, data collection and analysis and dissemination to academic and stakeholder audiences. Both youth and academic researchers reported personal development across many domains. One negative impact reported was the increase in funding and resources needed for engagement. We produced a list of 35 recommendations under the headings of training, youth researcher composition, strategy, expectations, relationships, meeting approaches and engagement conditions.

Conclusions

This study provides an understanding of the impacts and recommendations of youth engagement in mental health research. The findings from this study may encourage researchers to engage youth in their mental health research and support youth engagement in funding applications.

Patient and Public Contribution

We consulted three youths with experience being engaged in mental health research about the review findings and the discussion. One youth designed a visual representation of the results and provided feedback on the manuscript. All youth's input informed the way the findings were presented and the focus of the discussion.
Sedimentology and biostratigraphy of the upper Triassic carbonates from the Shiriya cape, North Kitakami Belt, Japan
Authors: Peyrotty Giovan , Fucelli Andrea , Peybernes Camille , Onoue Tetsuji , Ueda Hayato , Martini Rossana
Published: November 2022

Relics of the Panthalassa Ocean occur today in accretionary complexes and terranes on the entire Circum‐Pacific region. Among them, remains of shallow‐water carbonate systems provide valuable information about the ecology and environmental conditions that prevailed in this immense ocean. In this regard, the Shiriya Cape of the North Kitakami Belt (Aomori Prefecture, Honshu Island, Japan) is an essential place to study. Characterized by the presence of numerous limestone deposits embedded in typical accretionary mélange, including pluri‐kilometric massive slabs and metric bedded deposits, the cape is indeed a key vestige of carbonate deposition in the Panthalassa. All the limestone outcrop form the Shiriya Cape were sampled and studied in detail for the first time. Despite a general poor preservation, macroscopic sedimentary features such as burrows and large megalodontids patches as well as four microfacies were identified and are presented in detail in this work. On the basis of foraminifers and conodonts biostratigraphy, the age of the limestone deposits is defined as Norian. Similarities with analogous and synchronous systems from Panthalassan and Tethyan realms are extensively discussed. The closest analog to the Shiriya limestone appears to be the Panthalassan Dalnegorsk limestone (Russian Far East), both regarding microfacies and depositional setting. Sedimentary successions similar to Lofer‐cycles, well known in Tethyan synchronous systems, were also discovered in the Shiriya Cape. Along with the large limestone slabs, countless limestone‐bearing conglomerates also crop out on the Shiriya Cape. Their study and comparison with similar deposits in Japan highlighted their importance in the understanding of the dismantling of mid‐oceanic carbonates. The observations and comparison with well‐known carbonate systems permitted to establish a hypothetical depositional model of the Shiriya limestone corresponding to a Norian isolated carbonate system developed on an immerged volcanic seamount.
A preemptive goal programming for multi‐objective cooperative games: an application to multi‐objective linear production
Authors: Nan Jiangxia , Wei Lixiao , Li Dengfeng , Zhang Maojun
Published: November 2022

The aim of this study is to investigate the fair allocation of multi‐objective cooperative games (MOCGs) using a preemptive goal programming (PGP). First, this research establishes the PGP model, where the priority factors of PGP describe the importance degrees of different objectives in MOCGs, the positive and negative deviations of PGP present the relation between the overall payoff and the worth of a coalition, and the weighting factors of negative deviations of PGP express the coalition weights of MOCGs. Second, we investigate the relationships between the solutions of the PGP model and the cores of MOCGs, including the preference core, preference ‐core, and dominance core. Our analysis shows that the optimal solution of PGP belongs to the preference core, and the satisfactory solution of PGP satisfying certain conditions belongs to the dominance core or preference ‐core. Finally, we demonstrate the practical and managerial relevance of our results by applying our findings to a multi‐objective linear production to produce certain kinds of goods using different resources for multi‐firms with varying objectives and illustrate them numerically.
Enhanced adsorption behavior of U(VI) using PZSC/ZnO ceramic composite derived from polyphosphazene
Authors: Bao Yunyun , Liu Yan , Wang Changfu , Wang Yun , Yuan Dingzhong , Zhu Zuqing , Xu Jianda , Liu Jinbiao
Published: November 2022

In this study, a new type of ceramic composite (PZSC/ZnO) was successfully synthesized using N, P, and S co‐doped carbon microspheres derived from polyphosphazene with zinc oxide. The morphology and structure were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive spectroscopy, Raman, X‐ray diffraction, BET, and thermogravimetric. Batch experiments were used to explore the adsorption performance under different pH values, initial concentrations, contact times, and temperatures. The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of the PZSC/ZnO ceramic composite for uranium was 470.5 mg/g (pH = 5.5, t = 40 min, and T = 25°C). The adsorption process followed the nonlinear Langmuir model and the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model, demonstrating that the monolayered combination of U(VI) with the PZSC/ZnO ceramic composite and the adsorption mechanism was chemical adsorption. Thermodynamic data revealed that the adsorption was a spontaneous endothermic process. Furthermore, P and N may be involved in the adsorption of uranyl ions through binding to the O atoms from ZnO. The main forces between U(VI) and the PZSC/ZnO ceramic composite were attributed to ZnO and heteroatoms doped in the material.
A conflicted tribe under pressure: A qualitative study of negative workplace behaviour in nursing
Authors: Hawkins Natasha , Jeong Sarah Yeun‐Sim , Smith Tony , Sim Jenny
Published: November 2022

Aim

This study explored workplace interactions of Australian nurses in regional acute care hospitals through an examination of nurses' experiences and perceptions of workplace behaviour.

Design

This research is informed by Social Worlds Theory and is the qualitative component of an overarching mixed methods sequential explanatory study.

Methods

Between January and March 2019, data were collected from 13 nursing informants from different occupational levels and roles, who engaged in semi‐structured, in‐depth, face‐to‐face interviews. Data analysis was guided by Straussian grounded theory to identify the core category and subcategories.

Results

Theoretical saturation occurred after 13 interviews. The core category identified is A conflicted tribe under pressure, which is comprised of five interrelated subcategories: Belonging to the tribe; ‘It's a living hell’; Zero tolerance—‘it's a joke’; Conflicted priorities; Shifting the cultural norm.

Conclusion

This study provides valuable insight into the nursing social world and the organizational constraints in which nurses work. Although the inclination for an individual to exhibit negative behaviours cannot be dismissed, this behaviour can either be facilitated or impeded by organizational influences.

Impact

By considering the nurses' experiences of negative workplace behaviour and identifying the symptoms of a struggling system, nurse leaders can work to find and implement strategies to mitigate negative behaviour and create respectful workplace behaviours.

Patient or Public Contribution

This study involved registered nurse participants and there was no patient or public contribution.

Clinical Trial Registration

Study registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (Registration No. ACTRN12618002007213; December 14, 2018).
People with intellectual disabilities and harmful sexual behaviour: Professionals' views on the barriers to prevent harm
Authors: Svae Gøril Brevik , Hassel Bjørnar , Søndenaa Erik
Published: November 2022

Background

People with intellectual disabilities can be exposed to sexual abuse and they can display harmful sexual behaviour. This study aimed to identify barriers to preventing harmful sexual behaviour in people with intellectual disabilities within the support sector and the justice system.

Method

We conducted focus group interviews with 20 participants from hospital‐based habilitation centres, community residences, schools and the criminal justice system.

Results

The interviews identified a lack of education and guidelines for stakeholders or carers on regulating the sexual behaviour of people with intellectual disabilities. The criminal justice system faces challenges related to prioritising, understanding and communicating. People with intellectual disabilities may lack an understanding of the concepts of sexual consent and acceptable sexual behaviour.

Conclusion

There is a need to improve knowledge about intellectual disability and how to prevent harmful sexual behaviour for professional caregivers in the support sector and the criminal justice system.
CUL4B increases platinum‐based drug resistance in colorectal cancer through EMT: A study in its mechanism
Authors: Luo Jian‐Wu , Wang Chun‐Ming , Su Jian‐Wei , Yi Ting‐Zhuang , Tang Shao‐Hui
Published: November 2022

Platinum‐based chemotherapy drugs play a very important role in the treatment of patients with advanced colorectal cancer, but the drug resistance of platinum‐based chemotherapy drugs is an important topic that puzzles us. If we can find mechanisms of resistance, it will be revolutionary for us. We analysed the differential genes, core genes and their enrichment pathways in platinum‐resistant and non‐resistant patients through a public database. Platinum‐resistant cell lines were cultured in vitro for in vitro colony and Transwell analysis. Tumorigenesis analysis of nude mice in vivo. Verify the function of core genes. Through differential gene and enrichment analysis, we found that CUL4B was the main factor affecting platinum drug resistance and EMT. Our hypothesis was further verified by in vitro drug‐resistant and wild‐type cell lines and in vivo tumorigenesis analysis of nude mice. CUL4B leads to platinum drug resistance in colorectal cancer by affecting tumour EMT.
Rural‐urban differences in monkeypox behaviors and attitudes among men who have sex with men in the United States
Authors: Owens Christopher , Hubach Randolph D.
Published: November 2022

Purpose

An outbreak of the monkeypox virus has been documented in the United States with most cases occurring among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM). As monkeypox cases increase among relatively rural states, current public health messaging may not resonate with rural at‐risk populations. Given this, there is a need to assess potential rural‐urban differences in monkeypox behaviors and attitudes among MSM.

Methods

A total of 582 eligible MSM completed an online cross‐sectional survey between August 6 and 15, 2022. Participants answered questions about their demographics, sexual behaviors, monkeypox testing and vaccination behaviors, monkeypox media consumption and attitudes, and their intention and attitudes found in the Health Belief Model of getting the monkeypox vaccine. Rural‐urban differences in behaviors and attitudes were assessed with a chi‐square test of independence. Differences in intention to get vaccinated and Health Belief Model factors were assessed with a Mann‐Whitney U test.

Findings

Rural MSM, in comparison to their urban counterparts, were found to be less likely to report modifying their behaviors to decrease monkeypox exposure, being susceptible to monkeypox, or perceiving severe consequences acquiring monkeypox. Similarly, rural MSM had a lower intention to get vaccinated for monkeypox.

Conclusions

As vaccination uptake among rural populations for vaccine‐preventable diseases remains suboptimal, results from this novel study can inform the development of monkeypox prevention, testing, and vaccination messaging campaigns geared toward rural MSM and other at‐risk populations. It will be important to ensure that monkeypox prevention, testing, and vaccination interventions are available and accessible in rural areas.
Emotion regulation mediates the effects of sleep on stress and aggression
Authors: Demichelis Olivia P. , Grainger Sarah A. , Burr Lucy , Henry Julie D.
Published: November 2022

It is well established that poor sleep directly increases stress and aggression, but potential mediators of this relationship remain poorly understood. The present study provided the first direct test of whether capacity for emotion regulation mediated the relationship between sleep with stress. It also aimed to extend current understanding of whether emotion regulation might mediate the association between sleep and aggression, by assessing four distinct subcomponents of aggression (anger, hostility, verbal aggression, and physical aggression). In service of these goals, 740 participants completed validated measures of sleep, stress, aggression, and emotion regulation. Results showed that emotion regulation partially mediated the relationship between sleep quality with stress, anger, hostility, and verbal aggression, and fully mediated the relationship between sleep with physical aggression. These data provide novel evidence that emotion regulation abilities may serve as a protective factor against the negative consequences of sleep disturbances.
Genomic signals of local adaptation and hybridization in Asian white birch
Authors: Nocchi Gabriele , Wang Jing , Yang Long , Ding Junyi , Gao Ying , Buggs Richard J. A. , Wang Nian
Published: November 2022

Disentangling the numerous processes that affect patterns of genome‐wide diversity in widespread tree species has important implications for taxonomy, conservation, and forestry. Here, we investigate the population genomic structure of Asian white birch (Betula platyphylla) in China and seek to explain it in terms of hybridization, demography and adaptation. We generate whole genome sequence data from 83 individuals across the species range in China. Combining this with an existing data set for 79 European and Russian white birches, we show a clear distinction between B. pendula and B. platyphylla, which have sometimes been lumped taxonomically. Genomic diversity of B. platyphylla in north‐western China and Central Russia is affected greatly by hybridization with B. pendula. Excluding these hybridized populations, B. platyphylla in China has a linear distribution from north‐eastern to south‐western China, along the edge of the inland mountainous region. Within this distribution, three genetic clusters are found, which we model as long diverged with subsequent episodes of gene flow. Patterns of covariation between allele frequencies and environmental variables in B. platyphylla suggest the role of natural selection in the distribution of diversity at 7609 SNPs of which 3767 were significantly differentiated among the genetic clusters. The putative adaptive SNPs are distributed throughout the genome and span 1633 genic regions. Of these genic regions, 87 were previously identified as candidates for selective sweeps in Eurasian B. pendula. We use the 7609 environmentally associated SNPs to estimate the risk of nonadaptedness for each sequenced B. platyphylla individual under a scenario of future climate change, highlighting areas where populations may be under future threat from rising temperatures.
Waiting for home: The experience of delayed discharge for people with dementia
Authors: Sakamoto Mariko , Phinney Alison , Thompson Genevieve
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Individuals who remain in hospital once their health has stabilised experience delayed discharge. This often occurs for people with dementia when care needs exceed what can be managed at home. There is little research that takes into account the experience and needs of these patients. This Interpretive Description (ID) study, theoretically grounded in personhood and social citizenship perspectives, focused on the perspectives of people with dementia experiencing delayed discharge to address this gap in research and to better understand how nursing care can be improved for them.

Methods

Twenty‐one individuals participated in this study: eight patient participants experiencing delayed discharge and living with dementia, six family members, and seven nurses. Data collection methods primarily included participant observations, totalling 100 h of observations. Fourteen semi‐structured interviews were also conducted with family members and nurses and with one patient participant. Informal conversations were undertaken with patient participants who did not take part in interviews.

Results

Thematic analysis resulted in three main themes, encapsulating the patients' experiences: (1) Living and Waiting; (2) Distress and Behaviours; and (3) Looking Beyond the Designation. Findings are discussed in the context of the passive nature of delayed discharge care, the need for person‐centred care, and prevailing discourses around the behavioural symptoms of dementia.

Conclusion

Implications for nursing practice include the need to acknowledge and foster the abilities of people with dementia. The behaviour narrative and labelling prevalent in hospitals must also be challenged. Lastly, nurses need to recognise the significant transition that is the delayed discharge experience, especially for people with dementia. This study advocates for person‐centred and inclusive nursing care, where ongoing needs are recognised and addressed, particularly for people with dementia experiencing delayed discharge, who are waiting for home.
A Feedback Loop of LINC00665 and the Wnt Signaling Pathway Expedites Osteosarcoma Cell Proliferation, Invasion, and Epithelial‐Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Bai Jinyu , Zhang Xiao , Jiang Fengxian , Shan Huajian , Gao Xiang , Bo Lin , Zhang Yingzi
Published: November 2022

Objectives

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant tumor with frequent occurrence among teenagers. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play pro‐cancer roles in many tumors. The purpose of this study was to figure out the functional role of a novel lncRNA long intergenic non‐protein coding RNA 665 (LINC00665) in OS by observing the OS cell behaviors.

Methods

Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) was used to analyze LINC00665 expression in OS cells. Cell function assays assessed the impacts of LINC00665 on OS cell phenotype. Immunofluorescence and western blot analyzed the function of LINC00665 on epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) in OS. Moreover, mechanistic assays analyzed the downstream mechanism of LINC00665 in OS cells.

Results

LINC00665 was significantly up‐regulated in OS cells. LINC00665 silence facilitated OS cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT while inhibiting cell apoptosis. Mechanically, LINC00665 acted as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to sponge miR‐1249‐5p and thereby modulated Wnt family member 2B (WNT2B) to activate Wnt pathway. Wnt pathway activated LINC00665 expression transcriptionally.

Conclusions

Our study uncovered the cancer‐promoting role of LINC00665 in OS, and the feedback loop of LINC00665/miR‐1249‐5p/WNT2B/Wnt might be a potential target for OS treatment.
Local diversity of drought resistance and resilience in Populus tomentosa correlates with the variation of DNA methylation
Authors: Zhou Jiaxuan , Xiao Liang , Huang Rui , Song Fangyuan , Li Lianzheng , Li Peng , Fang Yuanyuan , Lu Wenjie , Lv Chenfei , Quan Mingyang , Zhang Deqiang , Du Qingzhang
Published: November 2022

Little information is known about DNA methylation variation in shaping environment‐specific drought resistance and resilience for tree adaptation. In this study, we leveraged RNA sequencing and whole‐genome bisulfite sequencing data to dissect the distinction of epigenetic regulation under drought stress and rewater condition of Populus tomentosa accessions from three geographical regions. We demonstrated low resistance and high resilience for accessions from South. Non‐CG methylation levels in promoter regions of Southern accessions were lower than accessions from higher latitudes and negatively regulated gene expression. CHH context methylation was more sensitive to drought stress, and the geographical‐specific differentially methylated regions were scarcely changed by environmental fluctuation. We identified 60 conserved hub genes within the co‐expression networks that correlate with photosynthetic and stomatal morphological traits. Epigenome‐wide association studies and genome‐wide association studies of these 60 hub genes revealed the interdependency between genetic and epigenetic variation in GATA9 and LECRK‐VIII.2, which was associated with stomatal morphology and chlorophyll content. The natural epigenetic variation in GATA9 was also faithfully transmitted to progenies in two family‐based F1 populations. This study indicates a functional relationship of DNA methylation diversity with drought resistance and resilience which offers new insights into plants’ local adaptation to a stressful environment.
Linear morphea with overlying lichen sclerosus and calcinosis cutis associated with juvenile dermatomyositis
Authors: Kaur Maninder , Sadhukhan Subhajit , Bhardwaj Abhishek , Patra Suman , Rao Meenakshi , Alam Afroz
Published: November 2022

Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is associated with many distinguishing features including cutaneous calcinosis, vasculitis, and ulcerated lesions. In this case, we describe an unusual presentation in a 12‐year‐old girl who had muscle weakness along with linear morphea over the right upper and lower extremities with overlying lichen sclerosus and calcinosis cutis. Of interest, these initial cutaneous manifestations occurred years before onset of myositis.
Differential response to DMI, QoI and SDHI fungicides in wheat and signal grass blast populations from Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: Cazón Luis Ignácio , Ascari João Paulo , dos Santos Gustavo Bilibio , Del Ponte Emerson Medeiros
Published: November 2022

Fungicides play an important role in wheat blast management in Brazil. To determine whether the reported patterns of fungicide resistance are present in Pyricularia oryzae populations from wheat and signal grass grown in Minas Gerais state, Brazil, we characterized the sensitivity of a contemporary collection (2018 and 2019) of 64 fungal isolates to seven fungicides belonging to DMI (tebuconazole and epoxiconazole), QoI (azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin) and SDHI (bixafen, fluxapyroxad and benzovindiflupyr) groups. We further assessed if the differential sensitivity of selected isolates affected disease control using commercial doses of the fungicides applied protectively (prior to inoculation) on the heads of potted plants. Despite finding relatively low levels of in vitro sensitivity to some of the fungicides (e.g., azoxystrobin, fluxapyroxad and bixafen), control efficacies (percentage reductions in head blast severity) were significantly higher than the untreated plants and not affected by the sensitivity of the strain to all fungicides but azoxystrobin. The levels of head blast control for some of the fungicides (>70%) in the greenhouse were similar to or higher than previously reported in the field. The molecular data for a set of isolates representing different fungicide sensitivity levels were generally not predictive of the phenotype. The wheat‐infecting isolates were less sensitive than signal grass‐infecting isolates to all fungicides including azoxystrobin. Our study not only confirms previous reports of low sensitivity to some fungicides, but it also suggests options among site‐specific fungicides, most notably tebuconazole and benzovindiflupyr, that can still be used under an antiresistance strategy such as coformulation with multisite fungicides.
The public‐facing policy agenda of state legislatures: The communication of public policy via twitter
Authors: Peterson David A. M. , Tavanapong Wallapak , Qi Lei , Sukul Adisak , Khaleel Mohammed
Published: November 2022

How political actors choose which politics to focus on helps shape the outcome of the policy process. While the policy agenda of the federal government has received widespread attention, there is much less known about the policy agendas of the U.S. states. In this paper, we describe how and why states choose to have similar agendas. We rely on the Twitter activity of every state legislator in America to measure the attention that states pay to the categories developed in the Policy Agenda Project (PAP). We develop machine learning tools to measure the proportion of tweets from every state legislature from 2017 in each of the PAP policy topics. Our results show that states that the public‐facing policy agenda of a state legislature is correlated with the level of legislative professionalism and the partisan and ideological politics of the state. These results further our understanding of state policymaking and agenda setting.
Role of short courses on nailfold capillaroscopy in obtaining abilities for the identification of microvasculopathy in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon
Authors: Miziołek Bartosz , Pieczyrak Robert , Polak Karina , Frątczak Aleksandra , Jedlecka Aleksandra , Grosicka Anida , Bergler‐Czop Beata
Published: November 2022

Introduction

An early distinction between “normal” and “abnormal” capillaroscopic pattern during the first visit to a dermatologist has a crucial significance for a diagnostic management of Raynaud's phenomenon (RP). There exists a question about the level of expertise sufficient to evaluate the microcirculation.

Aim

To evaluate the utility of short courses on NFC among dermatologists and medical students in obtaining sufficient abilities for the identification of microvasculopathy in patients with RP using videocapillaroscope and handheld dermoscope.

Methods

Both groups participated in 1‐h course on NFC. Before the course, participants were asked to classify 20 videocapillaroscopic and 10 dermoscopic capillaroscopic pictures into “normal” or “abnormal” pattern. Each picture was displayed on a separate slide MS PowerPoint for 10 s. The evaluation was repeated soon after the course.

Results

A total of 36 dermatologists and 49 medical students were enrolled. The rate of properly classified dermoscopic and videodermoscopic pictures increased after the course in both groups, but students improved the accuracy of classification on dermoscopic pictures to the greater extent than dermatologists. The rate of correctly recognized pictures with “abnormal” pattern was significantly greater than ones with “normal” pattern at the baseline and after the course, independently of imagining tool.

Conclusions

Short courses on NFC may improve the classification of capillaroscopic images, even in medical staff with no previous experience in NFC. The recognition of capillaroscopic abnormalities seems to be easier than obtaining the confidence that evaluated picture has “normal pattern.”
Direitos Estatutários Autônomos no Contexto da Tutela Multinível
Authors: Miras Antonio Péres
Published: November 2022

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar a conjuntura em que o conceito de direito estatutário está inserido, bem como compreender a sua natureza e relação com o contexto da tutela multinível de direitos. Para atender a esta demanda será necessário realizar uma abordagem histórica, visando explorar os meandros advindos dos  Estatutos de Autonomia e as características que os circundam. A fim de explorar essa discussão serão analisadas duas jurisprudências do Tribunal Constitucional espanhol, são elas: a sentença 247/2007 e a sentença 31/2010, que versam acerca das profundas reformas ocorridas nas Comunidades Autônomas de Valência e Catalunha, respectivamente.  Conclui-se que compreender as declarações de direitos estatutários como integrantes do conteúdo dos Estatutos de Autonomia pode contribuir materialmente para um maior envolvimento político dos cidadãos em suas comunidades.
Palavras-chave: Estatutos de Autonomia. Direito estatutário. Constitucionalismo. Tribunal Constitucional Espanhol.
Possibilidades Decoloniais para o Ensino Jurídico no Brasil, a Partir da Ecologia de Saberes dos Subalternizados
Authors: Moraes da Costa Marli Marlene , Brião Ferraz Deise
Published: November 2022

O presente trabalho parte da hipótese básica de que o ensino jurídico no Brasil opera dentro da lógica da Colonialidade do Poder, Saber e Ser da Modernidade – categorias conceituais que denunciam a Colonialidade dentro da Modernidade, oriundas dos estudos decoloniais - não se constituindo a partir da ecologia de saberes dos subalternizados. Dessa hipótese decorre, secundariamente, outra: a de que o referido ensino jurídico está ancorado à essa Colonialidade, incorporando a matriz eurocêntrica dos saberes válidos e universais. Assim sendo, tem-se por objetivo geral propor possibilidades decoloniais para o ensino jurídico brasileiro, provocando apontamentos no sentido de que as Epistemologias do Sul, através da ecologia de saberes, podem oferecer matrizes Outras, além de promover reflexões curriculares e extracurriculares sobre esse ensino e a própria Modernidade. O método de abordagem é o dedutivo. Trata-se de pesquisa exploratória combinada com pesquisa descritiva que tem por finalidade desenvolver o tema ainda pouco explorado. As conclusões preliminares apontaram no sentido de que a utilização de temas geradores com os discentes, de Pesquisa Participante e de marcadores decoloniais podem oferecer uma base prática epistemológica que atende ao objetivo desse estudo.
Abordagem Policial, Seletividade e Fundada Suspeita
Authors: Castilho Gomes Nestor , Torres Gonçalves Ana Carolina
Published: November 2022

O artigo objetiva investigar o processo de concretização dos textos de normas que regulam a busca pessoal por fundada suspeita, nos temos dos arts. 240, § 2º e 244, do Código de Processo Penal. Metodologicamente, procura-se analisar esse tipo de abordagem policial, à luz da teoria estruturante do direito, da Constituição Federal de 1988, da doutrina e da jurisprudência. Nesse contexto, a pesquisa apresenta dados que evidenciam disparidades raciais na realização de abordagens policiais seguidas de revista pessoal. Ato contínuo, a pesquisa destaca a teoria da norma de Friedrich Müller, capaz de incorporar dados reais relevantes para a concretização da busca pessoal por fundada suspeita, visando sanar vícios de fundamentação que perpetram a seletividade da criminalização secundária de grupos social e racialmente marginalizados. Finalmente, o trabalho apresenta uma proposta de aplicação prática da teoria e da metódica estruturante do direito, relativamente aos arts. 240, § 2º e 244, do Código de Processo Penal. Conclui-se que a concepção de norma jurídica de Friedrich Müller pode auxiliar na construção de parâmetros objetivos para a fundamentação de “busca pessoal por fundada suspeita”, especialmente por meio da filtragem dos dados da realidade pelo âmbito normativo.
Extradições no Supremo Tribunal Federal (1988-2018)
Authors: Reis Ulisses Levy Silvério dos , Giesta Cabral Rafael Lamera
Published: November 2022

O Brasil é um país continental que recebe o afluxo de migrantes dos mais variados locais do mundo. Algumas destas pessoas são procuradas em outros países para cumprir pena criminal transitada em julgado ou responder a processo judicial. A extradição é o processo pelo qual o Supremo Tribunal Federal analisa este tipo de pedido, de acordo com a legislação brasileira e eventuais tratados existentes. Faltam estudos que demonstrem quais os elementos responsáveis por influenciar os Ministros quanto aos resultados dos pedidos de extradição. O problema de pesquisa investigado neste trabalho é: os Ministros do Supremo Tribunal Federal favorecem pedidos oriundos de determinados Estados em relação aos demais? A hipótese é a de que esta variável ajuda a explicar o comportamento dos Ministros porque o Supremo Tribunal Federal tende a favorecer governos com maiores índices de respeito ao Estado de Direito e aos direitos fundamentais. O trabalho ancora-se em metodologia empírica na modalidade quantitativa, com uso de técnicas exploratórias e inferenciais. A pesquisa demonstrou que o Supremo Tribunal Federal possui um alto viés de deferimento quanto aos pedidos decorrente da forma como analisa as extradições e o comportamento dos Ministros se mantém constante independente de qual governo é seu autor.
The Self-Adhesive Properties of Carbon Activated-Like Shape Coin Derived From Palmae Plant Waste and Used as High-Performance Supercapacitor Electrodes
Authors: Farma Rakhmawati , Winalda Bela , Apriyani Irma
Published: November 2022

Synthesized biomass-based carbonaceous materials from Palmae plant wastes with self-adhesive properties, converted into coin-like shapes, are used as supercapacitor electrodes with high power and energy density, high specific capacitance, excellent electrical conductivity, low cost, and environmentally friendly. Therefore, this study aims to investigate a simple and cost-effective method to generate porous carbon activation from Palmae plant waste biomass, namely areca leaf midrib (ALM). Activated carbon (AC) material derived from ALM was obtained through precarbonization, alkaline chemical activation, and two-step pyrolysis, namely carbonization and physical activation at 600 °C and 700 °C in the N2 as well as CO2 atmosphere, respectively. Its physical properties show an sp2 structure with high graphitization or amorphousness and two sloping peaks in the hkl plane at an angle of 2θ, approximately 24 deg and 44 deg. The electrochemical properties of AC supercapacitor cells derived from ALM biomass have the highest specific capacitance value of 216 F g−1 at a scan rate of 1 mV s−1 in a two-electrode system. Furthermore, the cell obtained a maximum energy density of 11 W h kg−1 and a power density of 196 W kg−1, respectively. Therefore, this study recommends an innovative and environmentally safe approach for producing high-performance supercapacitor cell electrodes for energy storage without adding nanomaterials and externally doped heteroatoms.
Novel Organobimetallic Liquid Catalyst for Enhancing Oil Recovery in Sand-Pack Columns
Authors: Alarbah Ali , Shirif Ezeddin , Jia Na , Bumraiwha Hamdi
Published: November 2022

The employing of a self-synthesized organobimetallic catalyst as a viscosity reducing agent to upgrade the heavy oil as well as the mechanisms of enhancing heavy oil recovery are investigated in this study. The components in treated and untreated heavy oil (saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes or SARA) were assessed, as well as the effects of organobimetallic liquid catalyst (OLC) on viscosity, density, and interfacial tension (IFT) of heavy oil samples were investigated. The results indicate that the OLC-treated heavy oil exhibited reduced viscosity and density. The findings also demonstrate that the presence of the OLC significantly altered the heavy oil's composition and eliminated several contaminants. The effects of OLC treatment on heavy oil recovery were also studied. OLC enhanced the mobility of heavy oil by reducing the IFT of oil brine and increased the recovery factor by 20.36% when compared to untreated heavy oil. These findings will need to be further refined and tested in terms of OLC concentration and other process parameters, but they shed light on a promising initial step toward commercial applications.
The Burning Characteristics of Transformer Oil Spill Fire on Horizontal and Inclined Substrate Under Continuous Leakage Condition
Authors: Li Liyang , Chen Peng , Sun Ruibang , Zhai Xu , Shi Congling
Published: November 2022

Spill fire is a typical fire type that endangers industrial safety. This work systematically investigates the burning characteristics of transformer oil spill fire under different fuel leakage rates and substrate tilt angles, and the fuel flow hydrodynamic parameters. According to the flame spread behavior and substrate temperature distribution, the spill fire spread process is divided into four stages and the substrate is divided into three zones. The relative difference between max burning length and stable burning length is positively correlated with the substrate tilt angle. The increase of fuel flow velocity contributes to the flame spread velocity, but the increase of fuel flow velocity and the decrease of fuel layer thickness weaken the accelerating effect of surface flow on flame spread, which leads to a decreasing trend of flame spread velocity increase. The spill fire mass burning rate is 0.161–0.358 times of pool fire, and the increase of heat loss due to fuel flow and the radiant heat loss through the fuel layer dissipated through the substrate are the main reasons for the lower mass burning rate than pool fire. The research results provide basic data and references for further research on the formation mechanism of heavy oil spill fire and the prevention and control of small-scale spill fire.