bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Criminología y globalizacion
Authors: Michilini José Antonio , Segura Nicolás Pablo
Published: March 2021

En las líneas que siguen intentaremos realizar un abordaje vinculado a los distintos enfoques que la criminología contemporánea le ha dado al estudio del delito, del delincuente, de la víctima y del control social del comportamiento delictivo. Ello se debe a que, sin lugar a duda, el debate epistemológico que rodea esta disciplina ha ido mutando con el paso del tiempo y el impacto que el fenómeno de la globalización ha causado, ha tenido que ver con eso.
Percepción de inseguridad en los barrios y eficacia colectiva: un estudio de caso
Authors: Ortiz García Jordi , Rufo Rey Miguel Ángel
Published: March 2021

La comunidad ha desempeñado un papel fundamental en la prevención de conductas antisociales y delincuenciales. La literatura criminológica viene estudiando desde principios del siglo XX la relación entre las características de los barrios y la tasa de delitos y conductas antisociales que se producen en ellos. Desde la conocida teoría de la desorganización social, hasta otras más contemporáneas como la de la eficacia colectiva, han estudiado los efectos que despliegan las características del vecindario en conductas antisociales o delincuenciales. El objetivo principal de este trabajo ha consistido en llevar a cabo un proyecto piloto sobre la cohesión social y la percepción de inseguridad en uno de los barrios más populares de la ciudad extremeña de Cáceres, conocido como la barriada de Aldea Moret. La cohesión social es uno de los principales conceptos que utiliza una de las teorías ecológicas más importante en estos últimos años en criminología, como es la teoría de la eficacia colectiva, para explicar la relación entre la comunidad y la criminalidad. Este estudio no sólo nos permite llegar a conocer cuestiones relativas a la cohesión social y la percepción de inseguridad en un barrio, sino también estudiar teorías criminológicas poco trabajadas en nuestro país.
Low Volume Methodology for Nextera DNA Flex Library Prep Kit (96 Samples) v1
Authors: Adams Eric , Wandro Stephen , Avelar-Barragan Julio , Oliver Andrew , Whiteson Katrine
Published: March 2021

This protocol presents a low volume methodology for the Nextera DNA Flex Library Prep Kit (96 Samples). This method increases the number of sequencing libraries which can be generated using each kit from 384 samples (4 x 96-wells) to 864 samples (9 x 96-wells). While other low-cost methods have been deveolped for this purpose, this protocol is a very straightforward method utilizing reduced reagent and sample volumes. Update: The "Nextera DNA Flex Library Prep" kit has been renamed to "Illumina DNA Prep" with the appropriate indexes having been similarly renamed. While all reagents and steps remain identical, an updated version of this protocol may be published to account for any differences between the protocols.
Quantification of 16S rRNA Gene Copies Using ddPCR (EvaGreen-based assay: 338F-805R) v1
Authors: Angel Roey , Petrova Eva
Published: March 2021

This protocol describes how to quantify 16S rRNA bacterial gene or transcript copy numbers using Droplet Digital PCR technology (ddPCR) from Bio-Rad This is an up-to-date modification of a classical bacterial enumeration qPCR-assay. This assay uses the EvaGreen™ chemistry. The primers are taken from Yu et al. (2005).
Viral Testing Inc In Collaboration with Cube Dx GmbH v1
Authors: A Linjawi Fawaz , not provided reschreiter , Ronacher B , Linjawi Shahd
Published: March 2021

COVID-19 Pandemic Caused By SARS-CoV-2 is a major challenge to Humanity and if healthcare systems to limit the spread of the virus requires a fast accurate diagnostic test that has high specificity & Sensitivity such that of a Molecular Diagnostic test can offer. Building a test on existing infrastructure and transforming such infrastructure via the use Artificial Intelligence with Machine Learning to scale up existing capacity from 5 folds up to 30 multiples depending on prevalence using same resources can dramatically shift the balance of power of the healthcare systems thus effectively mitigating COVID-19 future incidence & its related outcomes. The RNA based diagnostic test of different human samples (nasopharyngeal swabs, saliva) to detect SARS-Cov-2. The test requires RNA extraction and a follow-up RT-PCR (reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction). The test covers the N-gene and RdRp-gene and covers a human control as well. The human control safeguards the validity of sample taking and test procedure. Many have used Test Pooling for scalability but most of those pooling strategies face false positive result for those true negative samples mixed with true positive samples thus marked as false positive when reopening the Test Pool. The Objective of our solution to add Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning Technologies to modify pooling strategy that defines the true positive samples from one run with no false positives, no false negatives and thus exempting the need for opening the test pool. The 500-4-96 pooling protocol is based on repulsive distribution that works on Bloom-filter like solution. There is a great advantage of this protocol: In case of - 500 samples - 96 cells - less that 3 positives
Defining the best strategy of a national antibody database in Australia v1
Authors: E. Jackson Denise , Powell Zachary , Shrestha Rajeshwori
Published: March 2021

A national antibody database will aggregate data on different types of antibody to improve patient transfusion safety and ease clinical study and research at a national level, which will distinguish it from the hemovigilance system. The eligibility articles were searched in PubMed/Medline, Scopus and Google Scholar (January 2010 to August 2020), including English-written articles, positive influence of transfusion database, twenty-three eligible studies were appraised by PRISMA and STROBE. From the twenty-three eligible studies, nine databases were obtained and conclusions drawn on their limitations and advantages, with Meta-Analysis results and transfusion relevant data to finalize a set of criteria which should be met by the best strategy of antibody database. The nine databases were graded by using the criteria to determine which one has the best strategy. The centralized transfusion service database (CTS-D) of America achieved the highest scores, meaning that it has the best strategy of the nine databases. The CTS-D network contains one Sickle Cell Disease database and one Kansas reginal antibody database indicating that its strategy is not only utilized a large scale but is also suited to specific areas, and Australia and America both comprised of different states and adopt different regulations among the states meaning that the strategy of CTS-D is suitable for different systems in Australia. In the future, new and accurate approaches might be provided by comparison among large antibody databases around the world to refine the management and inventory of blood products and to study the characterization and distribution of antibody among ethnic groups. Key words: Antibody, Database, Delayed Haemolytic Transfusion Reaction (DHTR), Sickle Cell Disease (SCD), Evanescent Antibody.
Processing Human Colon "Myenteric Plexus" for Single Nuclei RNA-seq v1
Authors: M Wright Christina , Robert O Heuckeroth not provided
Published: March 2021

INTRODUCTION: The human enteric nervous system (ENS) is a complex network of neurons and glia that extends throughout the length of the bowel. There are many neuron and glia types, but very little is known about the human ENS compared to other species. There are two main ENS layers. The myenteric plexus neurons are clustered into ganglia with thick nerve fiber bundles running between ganglia. Submucosal neuron ganglia are scattered throughout the region between circular muscle and the epithelial lining of the bowel. One key problem with studying human ENS is that these cells are a very minor component of the bowel wall (< 1: 10,000 cells) and they are surrounded by other tissue. The bowel wall is not easily dissociated making it challenging to isolate cells of the human ENS for any type of analsysis. OBJECTIVES: To obtain a suspension of single nuclei from human colon myenteric plexus that could be used for RNA-seq. METHODS: 1) Human colon "myenteric plexus" is dissected from the bowel wall after labeling with a live cell dye and then frozen in OCT. 2) Frozen "myenteric plexus" is sectioned on a cryostat to generate small fragments and disrupt muscle and connective tissue. 3) RNA quality is assessed from a few sections using an Agilent Bioanalyzer. 4) Nuclei are obtained from frozen sections using Dounce homogenization and labeled with Hoechst 33342 dye. 5). Nuclei are separated from other cell debris by FACS. 6) RNA-seq data were obtained using the 10X Genomic single cell sequencing platform. RESULTS: Live dye labeling works well on living tissue to visualize the ENS in human colon. Careful dissection is required to micro-dissect "myenteric plexus" from from within bowel wall muscle layers. A suspension of single nuclei is efficiently isolated by freezing isolated tissue in OCT, frozen sectioning, Dounce homogenizing, and FACS sorting Hoechst 33342 stained nuclei. The isolated nuclei are suitable for sequencing on the 10X Genomics single cell sequencing platform. This procedure dramatically enriched for cells in the region of the myenteric plexus, but unfortunately only a small percentage of the cells isolated are myenteric neurons. In addition to myenteric neurons, we obtained data from enteric glia, smooth muscle, muscularis macrophage, interstitial cells of Cajal, and PDGFRalpha+ cells that are known to be closely associated with myenteric plexus. CONCLUSION: We tried many approaches to optimize this procedure including additional steps to enrich for myenteric neuron nuclei. These additional procedures invariably reduced total cell yield without enriching significantly for neuronal nuclei. We do not know yet why neuronal nuclei remain a small component of our total nuclei population, but suspect that neuronal nuclei are more fragile than other nuclei isolated. This approach generated valuable data at a single nucleus RNA-seq level for all cell types within the muscle wall known to control bowel motility.
Processing Human Colon muscle layers for Single Nuclei RNA-seq using PHOX2B antibody immunoselection v1
Authors: M Wright Christina , Robert O Heuckeroth not provided
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: The human enteric nervous system (ENS) is a complex network of neurons and glia that extends throughout the length of the bowel. There are many neuron and glia types, but very little is known about the human ENS compared to other species. There are two main ENS layers. The myenteric plexus neurons are clustered into ganglia with thick nerve fiber bundles running between ganglia. Submucosal neuron ganglia are scattered throughout the region between circular muscle and the epithelial lining of the bowel. One key problem with studying human ENS is that these cells are a very minor component of the bowel wall (< 1: 10,000 cells) and they are surrounded by other tissue. The bowel wall is not easily dissociated making it challenging to isolate cells of the human ENS for any type of analsysis. OBJECTIVES: To enrich for neurons from human colon myenteric plexus using PHOX2B antibody and FACS METHODS: 1) Human colon muscle was dissected from the bowel wall and then frozen in OCT. 2) Frozen muscle was sectioned on a cryostat to generate small fragments and disrupt muscle and connective tissue. 3) RNA quality was assessed from a few sections using an Agilent Bioanalyzer. 4) Nuclei were obtained from frozen sections using Dounce homogenization and stained with antibody to PHOX2B. 5). Nuclei were separated from other cell debris by FACS. 6) RNA-seq data were obtained using the 10X Genomic single cell sequencing platform.RESULTS: This procedure worked well to isolate nuclei from human colon muscle. PHOX2B antibody labeling led to a small population of nuclei that appeared to be antibody stained under the microscope and have attached antibody by FACS. Unfortunately, single nucleus RNA-seq demonstrated that we had not enriched for myenteric neurons with this approach. RNA-seq data were obtained from many other cell types within the muscle layers of the bowel wall.CONCLUSION: This approach generated valuable data at a single nucleus RNA-seq level for many cell types within the muscle wall known to control bowel motility, but did not enrich for neuronal nuclei, even though PHOX2B antibody selectively stains myenteric plexus nuclei within the human bowel myenteric plexus
The New Generation National Research Computer Network: Current Status and Concept for the Development
Authors:   St. Petersburg Department of Joint Supercomputer Center of the RAS, Abramov A. G. , Gonchar A. A. ,   Joint Supercomputer Center of the RAS Branch of FSI Scientific Research Institutefor System Analysis of the RAS, Evseev A. V. ,   St. Petersburg Department of Joint Supercomputer Center of the RAS, Shabanov B. M. ,   Joint Supercomputer Center of the RAS Branch of FSI Scientific Research Institutefor System Analysis of the RAS
Published: March 2021

The paper systematized up-to-date information on the status of work to ensure the functioning and development plans of the new generation National Research Computer Network (NIKS), created in 2019 according to the results of integration of RUNNet and RASNet — telecommunication networks in the fields of higher education and science of Russia. The normative grounds and prerequisites for the creation of a unified research and education network in the country are presented. The key characteristics of leading foreign national research and education networks are given. The parameters of the telecommunications infrastructure and network connectivity of NIKS as of the current moment, examples of services developed in the interests of the Russian R&E community are indicated. Special attention is paid to the presentation of the main directions of the accelerated development of NIKS for 2021-2024 and expected results.
Application of Convolution with Periodic Boundary Condition for Processing Data from Cylindrical Electrode Arrays
Authors:   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, 236016, Russian Federation, Sapunov V. V. , Botman S. A. ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, 236016, Russian Federation, Kamyshov G. V. ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, 236016, Russian Federation, Shusharina N. N. ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, 236016, Russian Federation
Published: March 2021

In this paper, modification of convolutional neural networks for purposes of processing electromyographic data obtained from cylindrical arrays of electrodes was proposed. Taking into account the spatial symmetry of the array, convolution operation was redefined using periodic boundary conditions, which allowed to construct a neural network that is invariant to rotations of electrodes array around its axis. Applicability of the proposed approach was evaluated by constructing a neural network containing a new type of convolutional layer and training it on the open UC2018 DualMyo dataset in order to classify gestures basing on data from a single myobracelet. The network based on the new type of convolution performed better compared to common convolutions when trained on data without augmentation, which indicates that such a network is invari­able to cyclic shifts in the input data. Neural networks with modified convolutional layers and common convolutional layers achieved f-1 scores of 0.96 and 0.65 respectively with no augmentation for input data and f-1 scores of 0.98 and 0.96 in case when train-time augmentation was applied. Test data was augmented in both cases. Potentially, proposed convolution can be applied in processing any data with the same connectivity in such a way that allows to adapt time-tested architectural solutions for networks by replacing common convolutions with modified ones.
The Formation of Signal Construct of Complex Structures with a High Level of Uncertainty in Their Parameters
Authors:   Military Communications Academy, St. Petersburg, 190000, Russian Federation, Dvornikov S. V. , Pshenichnicov A. V. ,   Military Communications Academy, St. Petersburg, 190000, Russian Federation, Manaenko S. S. ,   Military Communications Academy, St. Petersburg, 190000, Russian Federation, Glukhikh I. N. ,   Military Communications Academy, St. Petersburg, 190000, Russian Federation
Published: March 2021

Radio communication systems with enhanced resistance to illegitimate influences are of great interest in the development of modern information technologies. The modern methods of implementing such radio systems are the technologies of cryptographic information protection, methods of direct spectrum expansion. Despite the achievements of the selected subject area, the practical implementation of radio systems of this level is hampered by models of radio communication channels. Known results in their totality do not take into account the potential capabilities of implemented modulation formats, which limits their practical application and indicates the relevance of the study. The aim of the scientific work is to formalize theoretical principles and approaches to the formation and evaluation of the effectiveness of signals of complex structure. The authors posed and solved the problem of a formalized presentation of the obtained solutions, conducted a critical analysis of the results obtained by different methods. In this case, methods of statistical radio engineering, harmonic analysis of discrete signals, random graph theories, and decision making were used. The authors conducted a simulation of the processes of manifestation of various structures of the generated signals. The coincidence of theoretical and practical results is substantiated. During the study, the properties of signals of complex structures were determined. A theoretical statement is formulated and proved that justifies the increase in the structural secrecy properties of the generated radio signals. The novelty of the approach is the use of random graph theory, which has reduced the complexity of the evidence base, the stages of simulation. The theoretical results obtained are critically evaluated in relation to the final modeling data, which made it possible to substantiate the adequacy of the results. The obtained solutions substantiate theoretical approaches to the formation of signal construct of complex structure. In contrast to the known studies, the study reveals the potential stability boundaries of radio systems based on signals with uncertain parameters. The theoretical significance of the presented results is the expansion of the practical implementation of the methods of the general theory of communication in the field of building noise-immune systems. Practical significance is based on the results of analytical and simulation modeling presented in the work.
Text Categorization Based on Condensed Graph
Authors:   Polzunov Altai State Technical University, Barnaul, 656038, Russian Federation, Korney A. O. , Kryuchkova E. N. ,   Polzunov Altai State Technical University, Barnaul, 656038, Russian Federation
Published: March 2021

The resonant world events of2020 led to an increase in the amount of information on the Internet, including criminal, fake news, and fake negative reviews. False negative information can spread very quickly, and methods are needed to suppress this process. The development of effective algorithms for automatic text analysis is especially relevant today. The most important subtasks include thematic catesorization, sentiment analysis, includins ABSA (aspect-based sentiment analysis). The paper proposes a combined semantic-statistical alsorithm for the aspect analysis of larse texts, based on the use of a semantic graph. The aspect extraction method contains the phases of selectins a set of sisnificant words, calculatins the weishts of the vertices of the semantic sraph by the relaxation method, filterins aspects based on the sradient method. The method proposed allows to extract domain-dependent aspect terms from trainins data. Different aspect term sets extracted from different domains have the same statistical features, and in the same time lexical diversity and structure are taken into account.
Automated Information System "Distribution of the Teaching Load of the Teacher"
Authors:   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education M. K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Kolokoltsev M. A. , Mikhalyova U. A. ,   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education M. K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University
Published: March 2021

This article discusses the development of an automated information system "Distribution of teaching load of the teacher" based on a relational data model. Existing modern software products for planning the teaching load of a teacher are a commercial product of universities or private organizations. They have many additional functions that are not entirely necessary for a particular university. Therefore, there is a need to create its own automated system for distributing the teaching load of a teacher, which will be easy to use and automatically generates reporting documents in exact accordance with the forms of the university's reporting documentation. The proposed automated information system "Distribution of the teaching load of the teacher" uses a relational data model, since such a model allows information to be represented using interrelated tables in which records are unique. The need to create this system is to save the time of the head of the department, who are responsible for checking the correctness of the distribution of the annual teaching load between teachers. This software product is a logically complete product and ready to use. In the future, it is planned to create a platform for the schedule also for other reporting documents related to the reports of the department and simplifying their preparation. The fact that this system is a separate module allows you to use it in any university. The required data is loaded by the reporting data compiler. All reports are generated in MS Excel format and can be used for further analysis and processing.
Ferns and lycophytes from a forest associated with quartzite fragments in southern Espí­rito Santo state, Brazil
Authors: Pena Nelson Túlio Lage , Miranda Cecí­lia Vieira
Published: March 2021

This study presents a checklist of ferns and lycophytes from a forest associated with quartzitic rocky outcrops in southern Espí­rito Santo state, Brazil. We recorded 52 species and one hybrid (six lycophytes and 47 ferns) belonging to 15 families and 30 genera. Polypodiaceae, Blechnaceae, Cyatheaceae, and Selaginellaceae are the main representative families. Selaginella, Cyathea, Serpocaulon, and Trichomanes are the main representative genera. Most species are terrestrial (34.6%) and lithophytes (32.6%); epiphytes (14.4%) and species with more than one habit (19%) are scarce. We did not record any hemiepiphytic or scandent species. The region is subject to an intense quartzite mining activity, which poses serious threats to the local biodiversity. Morro Branco (Morro de Sal) was recently the site of new taxonomic discoveries in ferns (Oleandra quartziticola) and angiosperms (Paepalanthus capixaba), demonstrating the biological relevance of forest fragments associated with quartzitic rocky outcrops in Espí­rito Santo, and reinforcing the need for the effective protection of these areas.
Nomenclatural and taxonomic changes in tribe Myrteae (Myrtaceae) spurred by molecular phylogenies
Authors: Proença Carolyn Elinore Barnes , Faria Jair Eustáquio Quintino , Giaretta Augusto , Lucas Eve Jane , Staggemeier Vanessa Graziele , Tuler Amélia Carlos , Vasconcelos Thais Nogales Costa
Published: March 2021

Phylogenetic studies have highlighted incongruous generic placement and the usage of inappropriate names for species within tribe Myrteae (Myrtaceae). The genera affected are Calycolpus, Eugenia, Myrcia and Psidium. Eugenia aubletiana is legitimized by the designation of a lectotype and its usage proposed instead of Calycorectes bergii. Two generic transfers are proposed: Psidium sessiliflorum based on Calycolpus sessiliflorus and Myrcia neosericea, based on Eugenia neosericea. The re-instatement of Psidium cupreum, currently a synonym of Psidium rufum as an accepted species is proposed. Illustrations of the four affected species are furnished, as well as a map of occurrences of Psidium sessiliflorum. Tetramery associated to inflorescences reduced to 1(-3) flowers, an unusual combination of characters in Myrcia sect. Gomidesia, is identified in both Myrcia glaziovii and Myrcia neosericea, and a key to distinguish them is provided.
A preliminary vascular flora of the Parque Ecológico Ermida Dom Bosco, Distrito Federal, Brazil
Authors: Kubota Karina Shizue Gadelha , Ferreira-Sousa Leonardo , De Souza Maria das Graças Machado , Caires Claudenir Simões , Proença Carolyn Elinore Barnes
Published: March 2021

The area known as Parque Ermida Dom Bosco on the shores of the Paranoá Lake, 7.8 km from the centre of Brasí­lia (Rodoviária do Plano Piloto), Distrito Federal, Brazil, is a preservation area of Monumento Natural category (since 2019), and one of the few protected areas of the Distrito Federal without a floristic list. Collecting focused on the vascular flora and was undertaken as monthly, 1-day events from August of 2017 to August of 2018. Our study identified 293 species, of which half (50%) were distributed among just seven botanical families: Fabaceae (42 species), Asteraceae (31 spp.), Malpighiaceae (19 spp.), Myrtaceae (19 spp.), Lamiaceae (14 spp.), Poaceae (12 spp.), and Euphorbiaceae (8 spp.), a result that is congruent with the known Cerrado flora. Anemopaegma goyazense (Bignoniaceae) was recorded from a protected area in the Distrito Federal for the first time; other regional species with narrow geographic distributions recorded were Mimosa gatesiae (Fabaceae), Myrcia capitata and Myrcia federalis (Myrtaceae).
Creativity: a personal view
Authors:   University of Northumbria at Newcastle, Moscardini A. O.
Published: March 2021

The meaning of creativity is an illusive concept and highly subjective. This article focusses on four strands (curiosity, illusion, execution and innovation) and weaves them into a tapestry that represents the personal view of the author. An innovative hypothesis is that creativity is related to the bicameral mind and this is backed by reference to current neuroscientific research. The author is by profession a mathematician but posits in the article that at the micro level there is no difference between Art and Science regarding the act of creation. The article discusses this process from four different angles; curiosity, illusion, execution and innovation. The final synthesis is left to the reader.
Philosophical connotations of the leadership phenomenon
Authors:   National University of Life Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Heiko S. M. , Lauta O. D. ,   National University of Life Environmental Sciences of Ukraine
Published: March 2021

The article focuses on the phenomenon of leadership in philosophical discourse. Philosophical retrospection of the concept of "leadership" as a philosophical phenomenon and its systematic analysis is carried out. Philosophical connotations of the phenomenon of leadership in the dynamics of social and political processes of modern times are being defined. In modern society, the well-formed image of leaders of organizations, movements and etcetera an important role. Leadership is a universal phenomenon of social life. It is present in any sphere of human activity that requires stratification: the separation of leaders and subordinates, leaders and followers. In modern science, where there is a commonality of initial positions, leadership is characterized by ambiguity: as a social relationship of domination and subordination in a group or organization (sociology); as a characteristic of the figure of a leader and its impact on others (psychology); as effective and successful innovations in business, dominance in enterprise performance (economy); as developing vision, decision-making, empowerment and direction of people towards specific goals (management); as a process of human interaction in which authoritative people wield real power, exerting legitimate influence on a society that voluntarily gives them part of its political power and rights (political science). The essence of leadership reveals its numerous concepts and theories that have evolved in the history of philosophy and social philosophy. Classical theorists tried to understand and develop the ideal concepts of leadership. Modern researchers are not analyzing the ideal of leadership, but what it is. The philosophical understanding of leadership can be seen, first, as a form of power held by one individual or group of individuals; secondly, as a social position of decision-making; thirdly, as an influence on others.
Clinical efficacy and characteristics of immunological changes in patients with psoriasis following the combined use of sulfide peloids from Lake Saki
Authors: Kuznetsova Marina Yu. , Pritulo O. A. , Dovgan I. A. , Sokolova O. N.
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a common disease, and many of its forms are resistant to treatment.
AIM: This study aimed to analyze the effects of complex treatment with Lake Saki sulfide peloids on the clinical and immunological parameters patients with psoriasis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 90 patients with steady-state psoriasis of mild or moderate severity (51 men and 39 women) aged 2365 (mean age 37.3 12.7) years, who received treatment at the N.I. Pirogov Saki Military Clinical Health Resort of the Russian Ministry of Defense. The control group consisted of 30 apparently healthy volunteers.
RESULTS: Taking into account the clinical and immunological parameters of patients with mild and moderate psoriasis, we have developed a complex differentiated method of treatment using Lake Saki peloids and brine supplemented with an alpha-lipoic acid preparation.
CONCLUSION: The presented complex method of peloid balneotherapy in combination with alpha-lipoic acid preparation intensifies the 14-day course of sanatorium-resort treatment, increases the duration of remission, and enhances the quality of life of patients with mild-to-moderate psoriasis.
Thread lifting and single-step facial volumization as an optimum balanced technique of aesthetic correction
Authors: Gribanov I. I. , Starokozheva Natalia Yu.
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: Development and introduction of minimally invasive lifting techniques is considered a demanding and relevant objective of contemporary dermatocosmetology as these techniques result in nonsurgical lifting with minimal disruption of facial harmony due to the activation of a maximal number of key anatomic landmarks following the simultaneous insertion of lifting threads and hyaluronic acid fillers.

AIMS: To study the clinical efficacy and safety of minimally invasive lifting technique and filling up of the tissue volume deficiency with the combination of thread lifting from the temporal approach and hyaluronic acid filler augmentation.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study group included 193 female patients (mean age 41.3 8.5 years) with gravitational ptosis of the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd degrees. Group 1 (main) comprised 42 (21.8%) patients who underwent lifting by the method of implantation of 12 threads with shaped polydioxanone spikes DG-Lift and injection of 2 ml of hyaluronic acid biphasic filler. Group 2 (comparison) comprised 64 (33.2%) female patients who underwent lifting using only 1220 polydioxanone DG-Lift threads. Group 3 (comparison) comprised 87 (45%) female patients who received tissue volumization with 48 ml of biphasic hyaluronic acid filler in each case.

RESULTS: A total of 82%, 59%, and 48% of patients in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively, noted the optimal cosmetic result and full satisfaction with the result according to the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale. The incidence of complications in group 1 (6.4%) was lower than that in group 2 (9.1%) and group 3 (17.7%). This is due to low invasive nature and lower tissue traumatization with the use of fewer fillers and threads to obtain optimal cosmetic effect.

CONCLUSION: The proposed technique of thread lifting with biodegradable threads DG-Lift from the temporal approach combined with tissue volumization with hyaluronic acid fillers is safe and significantly effective for patients with gravitational ptosis of the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd degrees.
La omnipresencia del ciego y su impronta en la vida de Lázaro de Tormes
Authors: Gegúndez López Carlos
Published: March 2021

Our proposal tries to analyze the links between Lázaro and the blind man in The Life of Lazarillo de Tormes and of His Fortunes and Adversities, exploring in detail the relationship between both, assuming the hypothesis that the latter has great relevance in the life of the former, even more if we consider that his presence transcends the limits of the first episode when both characters part their ways. So, this article tries to reflect on the importance of complementing and enriching the points of view that have been offered about this question. To this end, we inquire in the established links between these two characters throughout the literary work and the transcendence which has resulted in the creation of a legendary literary couple.
Lázaro y Margutte entre burlas y hambre
Authors: Pangallo Maria Consolata
Published: March 2021

In a comparative perspective between Spanish and Italian literature, it is considered a possible intertextual dialogue between Lazarillo de Tormes and the figure of the medium giant Margutte, proposed by Luigi Pulci in his Morgante (published between 1478 and 1483). This figure is actually examined as it appears in the Spanish translation of Pulci's work by Jerónimo de Aunés. This translation is divided into two volumes, both published in Valencia, the first in 1533 by the printer Francisco Díaz Romano (canti from I to XVII of the Italian original); the second in 1535 by the printer Nicolás Durán de Salvanyach (canti from the XVIII to the XXV). With regard to the second volume, which includes Margutte's episode, there are no modern editions and therefore I used a its facsimile. My research tries to highlight some points of contact between Lazarillo and the translation of Aunés, both at content and linguistic level. Therefore, this study also tends to integrate the corpus of literary knowledge of the anonymous author of Lazarillo.
Lázaro ante el espejo: subversión y reescritura en una adaptación escolar
Authors: Calzón García José Antonio
Published: March 2021

The main purpose of this paper is to analyse –by comparing with the original text– the school version of Lazarillo recently published by Saldaña Press, not only with respect to the specificities it shows –for instance, the relevance of pictures or meta-enunciative elements–, but also because the close date of publication –2008– allows us to study the version from current sociocultural approaches. Thus, the writing strategy, the characterization of the protagonist, the reason of the story, the "matter", the ironies or the duplicities, among other aspects, permit to conclude, not only that the text alternates between the respect towards the original novel and the distortion of the primitive purpose, but also that, generally speaking, the school version harmonises with the critical trend that rejects apriorisms and assumptions to analyse the original Lazarillo, finding in this literary work only all that is verifiable in a positivist way.
Refractory and Resistant Hypertension in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Different Response to Renal Denervation
Authors: Falkovskaya A. Yu. , Mordovin V. F. , Pekarskiy S. E. , Manukyan M. A. , Ripp T. M. , Zyubanova I. V. , Lichikaki V. A. , Sitkova E. S. , Gusakova A. M. , Baev A. E.
Published: March 2021

Aim      To compare the antihypertensive effectivity of renal denervation in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and associated refractory arterial hypertension (rfAH) (treated with 5 or more classes of antihypertensive drugs, including a thiazide diuretic and a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist) and uncontrolled resistant AH (ucAH) (treated with 3-4 drugs).

Material and methods  This interventional study with renal denervation included 18 DM patients with rfAH and 40 DM patients with ucAH; 16 and 36 of them, respectively, completed the study in 6 months. At baseline, patients were sex- and age-matched. Study methods included measurement of office blood pressure (BP; systolic/diastolic BP, SBP/DBP); outpatient BP monitoring; evaluation of kidney function (estimated glomerular filtration rate by the CKD-EPI formula); diurnal diuresis volume; diurnal urinary excretion of albumin, potassium and sodium; diurnal excretion of metanephrines and normetanephrines; and plasma levels of glucose and glycated hemoglobin, aldosterone, and active renin. Patients were instructed about maintaining compliance with their antihypertensive and hypoglycemic therapy throughout the study.

Results At baseline, patients of both groups were comparable by BP and major clinical indexes, except for higher values of nocturnal SBP variability (p<0.05) in patients with rfAH. At 6 months following renal denervation, both groups displayed significant decreases in office and average daily SBP and also in the “load” with increased mean diurnal SBP. However, the decrease in average daily SBP was almost 4 times greater in the rfAH group than in the ucAH group ( –19.9 and –5.1 mm Hg, respectively, р=0.02). Moreover, 81 % of patients in the rfAH group responded to the intervention (average daily SBP decrease ≥10 mm Hg) while the number of responders in the ucAH group was considerably smaller (42 %; p=0.02). In patients with rfAH, renal denervation was associated with a significant decrease in pulse BP and nocturnal SBP variability and with the increase in diurnal diuresis. No other alterations were noted in laboratory test results in either group.

Conclusion      DM patients with rfAH may be the best candidates for the procedure of renal denervation.
The case of recurrent tako­tsubo syndrome on the background of coronary atherosclerosis
Authors: Maznev D. S. , Boldueva S. A. , Aronova E. M. , Shloydo E. A. , Ikonnikov P. P.
Published: March 2021

Takotsubo syndrome (TS) is characterized with a reversible disorder of left ventricular contractility. At present time, it is established that various factors, both psycho-emotional and clinical, can trigger this disease. Notably, according to current opinions, coronary atherosclerosis may accompany TS and not be its exclusion criteria as it was previously thought. This article presents a clinical case of TS relapse in a female patient aged 83 years at 5 years following the first episode associated with progression of coronary atherosclerosis.
The no-Reflow Phenomenon During Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction due to Massive Coronary Thrombosis. Pathogenesis and Predictors of no-Reflow
Authors: Zhuravlev A. S. , Azarov A. V. , Semitko S. P. , Ioseliani D. G.
Published: March 2021

Despite successful and timely revascularization of the infarct-related artery, myocardial tissue remains underperfused in some patients. This condition is known as the no-reflow phenomenon, which is associated with a worse prognosis. The first part of the systematic review on no-reflow focuses on description of the no-reflow pathogenesis and predictors. This phenomenon has a complicated, multifactorial pathogenesis, including distal embolization, ischemic injury, reperfusion injury, and a component of individual predisposition. Meanwhile, this phenomenon undergoes spontaneous regression in some patients. Several studies have demonstrated the role of definite biomarkers and clinical indexes as risk predictors for no-reflow. The significance of each pathogenetic component of no-reflow is suggested to be different in different patients, which may warrant an individualized approach in the treatment.
Influence of Total Ischemic Time on Clinical Outcomes in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Bessonov I. S. , Kuznetsov V. A. , Gorbatenko E. A. , Dyakova A. O. , Sapozhnikov S. S.
Published: March 2021

Aim      To evaluate the effect of the total time of myocardial ischemia on results of the treatment of patients with ST segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) who underwent percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI).

Material and methods This study used data from a hospital register for PCI in STEMI from 2006 through 2017. 1649 patients were included. Group 1 consisted of 604 (36.6 %) patients with a total time of myocardial ischemia not exceeding 1880 min; group 2 included 531 (32.2 %) patients with a duration of myocardial ischemia from 180 to 360 min; and group 3 included 514 (31.2 %) patients with a duration of myocardial ischemia longer than 360 min.

Results Mortality was lower in group 1 (2.3 %) than in groups 2 and 3 (6.2 and 7.2 %, respectively; p1–2=0.001; p1–3<0.001; p2–3=0.520). The incidence of major cardiac complications (“adverse cardiac events”, MACE) was lower in group 1 (4.1 %) than in groups 2 and 3 (7.3 and 9.5 %, respectively, p1–2=0.020; p1–3<0.001; p2–3=0.200). The incidence of no-reflow phenomenon was higher in group 3 (9.7 %) than in groups 2 and 3 (4.5 and 5.3 %, respectively (p1–2=0.539; p1–3=0.001; p2–3=0.005). The major factors associated with the increased total time of myocardial ischemia >180 min were age (odd ratio, OR, 1.01 at 95 % confidence interval, CI, 1.0 to 1.02; р=0.044), female gender (OR, 1.64 at 95 % CI 1.26 to 2.13; р<0.001), chronic kidney disease (OR 1.82 at 95 % CI 1.21 to 2.74; р=0.004). Performing prehospital thrombolysis was associated with a decrease in the total time of myocardial ischemia (OR 0.4 at 95 % CI 0.31 to 0.51; р<0.001). A strong direct correlation was observed between the total time of myocardial ischemia and the time from the onset of pain syndrome to hospitalization (r=0.759; р<0.001).

Conclusion      The total time of myocardial ischemia >180 min was associated with increased mortality and development of MACE. The total time of myocardial ischemia > 360 min was associated with increased incidence of the no-reflow phenomenon. The major predictors for the time of myocardial ischemia >180 min included age, female gender, and chronic kidney disease. The use of pharmacoinvasive strategy was associated with an increased number of patients with a total duration of myocardial ischemia <180 min. The contribution of the time of prehospital delay to the total time of myocardial ischemia was greater than the contribution of the “door-to-balloon” time. The time of prehospital delay showed a strong direct correlation with the total time of myocardial ischemia.
Shortness of Breath on Exertion: Diagnostic Possibilities of Stress Echocardiography
Authors: Karev E. A. , Malev E. G. , Verbilo S. L. , Prokudina M. N.
Published: March 2021

Aim      To determine diagnostic capabilities of the expanded protocol for stress echocardiography (stress-EchoCG) with comprehensive evaluation of clinical and echocardiographic indexes in differential diagnosis of dyspnea.

Material and methods This study included 243 patients (123 women and 120 men) who were referred to outpatient stress-EchoCG during one calendar month. For 80 patients complaining about shortness of breath, the expanded stress-EchoCG protocol with treadmill exercise was performed. During the exercise, E / e’ and tricuspid regurgitation velocity were determined, and clinical features and possible nature of dyspnea were evaluated.

Results Shortness of breath had an ischemic origin in 17.5 % of 80 patients; 13.8 % had criteria of elevated left ventricular end-diastolic pressure; 17.5 % of patients had clinical signs of bronco-pulmonary pathology; 5.0 % had moderate and severe mitral regurgitation; 20 % displayed signs of chronotropic insufficiency during exercise including on the background of beta-blocker therapy; 15.0 % of patients displayed a hypertensive response to exercise, which was associated with signs of chronotropic insufficiency in 50 % of them; and 1.3 % had signs of hyperventilation syndrome. In addition to diagnosis of transient ischemia, additional information about the nature of shortness of breath was obtained for 72.5 % of patients. Based on results of the test, objective causes for dyspnea were not identified for 10.0 % of patients.

Conclusion      The expanded stress-EchoCG protocol with exercise allows obtaining information about the nature of dyspnea for most patients with shortness of breath of a non-ischemic origin. For this patient category, expanding the stress-EchoCG protocol does not increase duration of the study and is economically beneficial for diagnosis of chronic heart failure and other causes for shortness of breath.
Atrial Fibrillation and Mortality: Prognostic Factors and Direction of Prevention
Authors: Ardashev A. V. , Belenkov Yu. N. , Matsiukevich M. Ch. , Snezhitskiy V. A.
Published: March 2021

This review focuses on major causes and risk factors for death of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The authors analyzed current therapeutic strategies for managing patients with AF with respect of their effects on prediction and mortality. Special attention is paid to the strategy of rhythm control and the clinical significance of catheter ablation in the treatment of patients with AF and heart failure.
The new classification method in ACEF score is more useful in patients with acute coronary syndrome without ST segment elevation
Authors: Demirtas Inci Saadet , Tekindal Mustafa Agah
Published: March 2021

Goal In this study, it was investigated whether the age, creatinine, and ejection fraction (ACEF) score [age (years) / ejection fraction (%) +1 (if creatinine >2 mg / dL)] could predict in-hospital mortality in patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) and its relationship with the Global Record of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) risk score were investigated.Material and methods The study enrolled 658 NSTE-ACS patients from January 2016 to August 2020. The patients were divided into two groups according to the ACEF score with an optimum cut-off value of 1.283 who were divided into two groups according to the ACEF score: low ACEF (≤1.283, n:382) and high ACEF (>1.283, n: 276). The primary outcome of the study was in-hospital all-cause mortality. The primary outcome of the study was in-hospital all-cause mortality. Statistically accuracy was defined with area under the curve by receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis.Results In total, 13 (4.71 %) patients had in-hospital mortality. The ACEF score was significantly higher in the group with higher mortality than in the group with low mortality (2.1±0.53 vs. 1.34±0.56 p=0.001). The ACEF score was positively correlated with GRACE risk score (r=0.188 p<0.0001). In ROC curve analysis, the AUC of the ACEF score for predicting in-hospital mortality was 0.849 (95 % CI, 0.820 to 0.876; p<0.0001); sensitivity, 92.3 %; specificity, 59.2 %, and the optimum cut-off value was >1.283.Conclusion The ACEF score presented excellent discrimination in predicting in-hospital mortality. We obtained an easier and more useful result by dividing the ACEF score into two groups instead of three in NSTE-ACS patients. As a simple, useful, and easily applicable risk stratification in the evaluation of an emergency event such as the ACEF score, it can significantly contribute to the identification of patients at high risk.