bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Early Outpatient Tele-rehabilitation Improves Functional Outcomes in Patients Following Hospitalization for COVID-19: A Case Series
Authors:   Clinical Research Coordinator, University of Missouri Healthcare Mizzou Therapy Services, Stone Jennifer
Published: November 2021

Introduction: This study assesses the impact of early outpatient telerehabilitation on patients following hospitalization for COVID-19. To date, there have not been studies assessing this type of program, despite significant documentation of functional deficits that would benefit from outpatient rehabilitation services. Objective: To determine whether outcomes support the utilization of an early outpatient telerehabilitation based protocol. Design: Retrospective analysis, nonrandomized controlled trial. Setting: Academic healthcare center, secondary care. Patients: All patients discharged following hospitalization with COVID-19 between April and September of 2020 (n=50) were contacted to participate; 26 accepted, 19 completed the rehabilitation protocol. Inclusion criteria were: patient diagnosed with and hospitalized for COVID-19, patient willing to participate in study. Interventions: Patients were seen for 2-4 visits of physical therapy where they were assessed, screened to assess need for mental health, occupational therapy, and speech therapy services and placed into predetermined activity tolerance categories with corresponding exercises given. Main Outcome Measures: Outcome measures assessed were Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) on selected tasks, 30 Second Sit to Stand Test, Daily Fatigue Impact Scale score, Resting Respiratory Rate, activity tolerance (based on averaging severity levels of previously identified functional scale scores), and patient-rated feelings of dyspnea on exertion. Results: Statistically significant improvements were found in resting respiratory rate (p<0.05), 30 Second Sit to Stand score (p<0.001), Daily Fatigue Impact Scale score (p<0.05), Borg RPE (p<0.05), and overall severity rating (p<0.01). Patient-rated dyspnea was not significantly different from first to last visit. Conclusions: 2-4 visits of telerehabilitation provided soon after hospital discharge resulted in significant improvements in functional outcome measures. This supports the utilization of outpatient rehabilitation following hospitalization for COVID-19 as well as the use of telerehabilitation to provide these services.
Quantitative Analysis of the Impact of Microcredit for Women Microentrepreneurs
Authors: Lima Aine , Cabral Sandro
Published: November 2021

Microcredit has a fundamental role as a tool for financial inclusion. It is estimated that there are almost 50 million microentrepreneurs in Brazil, of which two-thirds are women. This work aims to analyze the impact of microcredit for women microentrepreneurs in comparison with men, based on data collected in northeastern Brazil in partnership Avante, a fintech specialized in microcredit. Data were collected from microentrepreneurs who had access to credit (treatment group) and those who did not have their credit granted (control group) so that they could be compared. The analysis was divided into two parts. In Part I, a descriptive statistical analysis of the collected data was performed. In Part II, some simplified causal inference techniques were applied to validate whether the impact of microcredit existed for women microentrepreneurs. The results give strong indications that women, despite having a lower income, grow more than men after access to microcredit. The annualized growth in income of women was 19.87%, while that of men was 14.66%.
ATUAÇÃO DO ENFERMEIRO NAVEGADOR NO ACOLHIMENTO AO PACIENTE ONCOLÓGICO
Authors: Lima Maria Eduarda Regis Ferreira de , Santos Carla Tatiane da Silva , Santos Ana Sofia Lopes dos , Leite Raqueli  Rodrigues , Santos Emília Cristina dos , Viturino Matheus Gabriel da Silva Cavalcanti , Ramalho Cibele Lopes de Santana , Santana Filipe Almeida de , Martins Priscila Diniz de Carvalho , Neves Giselda Bezerra Correia
Published: November 2021

A ideia de navegação partiu de um estudo no Harlem Hospital Center, nos Estados Unidos da América, pelo Dr. Harold Freeman. Os enfermeiros navegadores são treinados para antecipar e entender o impacto que o diagnóstico de câncer tem para os pacientes e seus familiares, direcionar suas necessidades e reduzir barreiras de acesso a assistência oncológica. Objetivo: Conhecer através das produções científicas sobre o enfermeiro atuando na oncologia com a função de navegador de pacientes, Nurse Navigator. Método: Revisão bibliográfica da literatura com buscas nas bases de dados da Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Medical Literature, Analysis and Retrievel System Online (MEDLINE). Resultados: O papel do enfermeiro navegador está centrado em minimizar as barreiras de acesso ao sistema de saúde, que impeçam o paciente de ter o cuidado que ele necessita. São habilitados para antecipar e entender o impacto que o diagnóstico de câncer tem para os pacientes e seus familiares. Conclusão: Este estudo revelou alguns aspectos relevantes sobre a atuação do enfermeiro navegador no acolhimento ao paciente oncológico. Esses profissionais melhoraram consideravelmente a visão do paciente acerca do seu tratamento. Os pacientes sente-se mais protegidos, mais envolvidos e empoderados com o seu tratamento, consequentemente mais bem preparados para o futuro, por adquirir conhecimento sobre a forma como o câncer afeta suas vidas.
A Study on Communication Behaviour of Extension Personnel of Prakasam District of Andhra Pradesh
Authors: David Son S.G.J , Bose Dipak Kumar , Jahanara Jahanara
Published: November 2021

Successful communication is the main job of an extension worker. He cannot expect change among farmers unless he is able to communicate effectively to them. This entails the extension personal to have thorough understanding of communication process. This study will be helpful in identifying important variables of extension personnel affecting their communication process. Prakasam District of Andhra Pradesh was selected by purposive random sampling. The study was conducted in 7 mandal's which were selected randomly. Respondents were Agricultural officers, agricultural extension officers, village agricultural assistants and village horticultural assistants. The total sample size for the study were 120 extension personnel. majority of the respondents were female, young aged, having high educational status, with low annual income, job experience and training exposure. Perceived work load was high, medium level of job satisfaction and low level of Innovativeness and medium level of achievement motivation and medium level of communication behaviour was observed. The findings of overall communication behaviour of extension personnel indicate that there is need to increase the communication behaviour from medium to high through suitable training programs on latest Communication technologies and communication skills, providing needed literature.
Evolution of plasma vitamin B12 in patients with solid cancers during curative versus supportive care
Authors: Lacombe Valentin , Patsouris Anne , Delattre Estelle , Lacout Carole , Urbanski Geoffrey
Published: November 2021

Introduction

The direction of the causal link between solid cancers and elevated plasma vitamin B12 (B12) remains uncertain.

Material and methods

We retrospectively included patients having two B12 measurements with a B12 initially ≥ 1000 ng/l and a solid cancer diagnosed between the measurements. Patients were included in the Curative or Supportive group according to their treatments.

Results

B12 changes over time differed among groups (p = 0.001): +157.4 ng/L/month in the Supportive care group versus -171.6 ng/L/month in the Curative care group.

Conclusions

The decrease of plasma B12 in cases of curative care could suggest that this B12 elevation is secondary to solid cancers.
Effects of Aerodynamic downforce on Vehicle Control and Stability
Authors:   RV College of Engineering., Konwar Roy Sidhant , Sharma Abhishek Mahesh ,   RV College of Engineering.
Published: November 2021

This paper deals with the analysis of vehicle handling with the variation of downforce. A vehicle with aero package were taken and the values of aerodynamic downforce and front downforce distribution for different front and rear ride heights were taken. This was followed by the generation of yaw moment diagram at original ground clearance of 30mm. Aero map data were collected and individual yaw moment diagrams were collected from which vehicle handling parameters are noted. Different contour plots were made to understand the variation of vehicle handling with different ride heights (aerodynamics downforce and downforce distribution). The paper concludes with the sensitivity study where effects of aerodynamic downforce were recorded on vehicle control and stability.
Numerical Solution of Fuzzy Delay Differential Equations by Fifth Order Runge-Kutta Method
Authors:   Department of Science and Humanities Dhaanish Ahmed institute of Technology Coimbatore-641 105, Tamilnadu, India., Muthukumar T. , Jayakumar T. ,   Department of Mathematics., Bharathi D.Prasantha ,   Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science Coimbatore-641 020, Tamilnadu, India.
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we develop the numerical solutions of certain type called Fuzzy Delay Differential Equations(FDE) by using fifth order Runge-Kutta method for fuzzy differential equations. This method based on the seikkala derivative and finally we discuss the numerical examples to illustrate the theory.
Management of Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) with Ayurveda - a case study
Authors: Jha Dr. Kajal , Dahal Amulya , Shah Bijendra , Tripathi Pratibha , Thasineku Sabbu , Thasineku Sabbu
Published: November 2021

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common problems affecting approximately5% of all women.  PCOS can affect menstrual cycle, fertility, and hormone level as well as appearance including acne, facial hair growth and balding, overweight. Some women may suffer from depression.

It is also a metabolic problem that affects several body systems. The condition gets its name because there are often an increased number of small painless cysts in the ovaries (polycystic ovaries). It is very difficult to cure in contemporary system and treatment is also very costly.

A case of 19 years female suffering from PCOS reported was treated successfully at at Ayurveda Teaching Hospital within 1 month by various ayurveda medicine and panchakarma procedures. The improvement is evident from regularity of menstrual cycle and also from the ultrasonography (USG) reports.
LITERARY REVIEW ON AGEING PROCESS AND IT'S NATURAL AYURVEDA APPROACH
Authors: Sah Dr. Mithilesh Kumar , Singh Binod , Singh Prasant
Published: November 2021

In Ayurveda, Ageing is termed as ‘Jara’ for which some rules are given to make it healthy with longevity. This is the phase anticipatory care should be taken so that ageing process can be deferred and old age related diseases can be barred. Jara as natural prodigy of human body takes place in two ways i.e. Kalaja and Akalaja. Body gets affected from various factors like diet pattern, food particles, lifestyle, environment, etc. changes or degenerative changes are the nature of universe. These changes are known as Swabhaav in Ayurveda in which a constant decline may found in Shareera in old age. Ageing starts in different attributes at different period; thus, the ancient classics give a detailed version on the physiological, psychological and biological aspects of ageing including growth, puberty and senility.There are enough matter in relation to the establishment and termination of life which can be understood as theory as Theory of Innate Destruction (Swabhawoparamavada), Theory of Disturbance in Fundamental Principle of Body, Theory related to Kala (Time Factor), Theory Related to Environmental and other Biological Aspect. Jara management can be done via programming of lifestyle in such a way that Akalaj Jara can be avoided and Kalaj Jara can be delayed. For this purpose not only the Rasayana drugs but Ayurvediya Dinacharya, Ritucharya and other regimens in the way of ideal lifestyle is to be followed.
Overview of Kshar-sutra in treatment of Ano-rectal diseases- review of cases treated at ACTH in 2011-2012: Retrospective study
Authors: Prasad Shiv Mangal , Patel Bishun Dayal Prasad , Sah Raj Kishor , Shah Bijendra
Published: November 2021

Background

Anorectal disorders including Fissure in Ano, Fistula in Ano and hemorrhoids are among the most common digestive complications. To our knowledge there is no any retrospective study of previous medical record data of Ayurveda Campus and Teaching Hospital (ACTH), Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal available on the prevalence of major anorectal problems. Therefore, this retrospective was carried out to analyze the medical record of Shalya department OPD in fiscal year 2011-12 A.D. to estimate the prevalence of anorectal problems among the patients of anorectal complaints.

Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted from January 2020 to December 2020 A.D. All the patients visiting the Department with anorectal complaints were screened. Name, sex, age, address and diagnosis was entered into Microsoft excel 2016 from registers of medical record; and analyzed in SPSS Version 2021 after coding the variables in excel.  The findings were presented with percentage and frequency in pie and bar diagram.

Results: Overall, anorectal cases (n=1067) were enrolled and analyzed in the study. The findings of major anorectal diseases like Fissure in Ano, Fistula in Ano and Hemorrhoids were commonly found in age group of 21-30 year; and followed by 31-40 year and 41-50 year. Fistula in Ano was also significantly found in the old age group of 61-70 year. Furthermore, the prevalence of Fissure in Ano, Fistula in Ano, Internal and External Hemorrhoids were 20%, 32%, 31.2% and 12% among ano-rectal problems in this hospital during this fiscal year respectively.

Conclusion: Anorectal diseases are one of the common diseases observed in adolescent and adult patients which is more common in male than female. The prevalence of hemorrhoids is higher among Fissure in Ano and Fistula in Ano. Ksharasutra is the most effective procedure for treatment of these anorectal diseases.
ATUAÇÃO DA FISIOTERAPIA NA PREVENÇÃO DE LESÕES NO VOLEIBOL1
Authors: Sousa Jéssica da Silva de , Ferreira Tairo Vieira
Published: November 2021

O voleibol 1 é um esporte que, requer grande esforço físico, onde sua prática resulta em impactos excessivos em determinadas partes do corpo, devido aos inúmeros saltos realizados pelos atletas, durante uma partida e/ou durante os treinamentos, podendo ocasionar lesões. Esse estudo possui por tema, refletir sobre a atuação da Fisioterapia na Prevenção de Lesões no Voleibol1, tendo-se como área de concentração a Fisioterapia Traumato–Ortopédica Funcional. O Objetivo Geral encontra-se disposto em: Verificar a importância que há na intervenção da Fisioterapia, frente a prevenção de lesões em atletas de Voleibol1. Metodologia: Pesquisa bibliográfica e qualitativa, com intuito de buscar informações fundamentadas em livros, artigos, dissertações, trabalhos acadêmicos de tese e monografias, no que tange a finalidade de se desenvolver uma revisão da literatura sobre o tema em questão, no sentido de fazer uma avaliação crítica dos estudos e fundamentação científica do trabalho. Tendo-se embasado nos autores desse estudo,pode-se compreender que a atuação da Fisioterapia preventiva em esportistas  praticantes do Voleibol 1 não somente pode melhorar o desempenho esportivo, mas também oferecer ferramentas que contribuem para a longevidade da vida esportiva desse atleta. Ao término desse estudo, pode-se concluir que a Fisioterapia Preventiva no campo esportivo, mostra-se mostra eficiente não apenas na reabilitação das lesões, como também como instrumento de prevenção das mesmas, levando-se em consideração que esse campo fisioterapêutico torna-se foi eficaz para minimizar o índice de lesões nos atletas, de forma especial e objeto desse estudo, nos praticantes de Voleibol 1, proporcionando para o esse público, mais segurança ao desempenhar esse esporte.
Energy Consumption and Bi-Sectoral Output in Pakistan: A Disaggregated Analysis
Authors: Nasir Ahtasham , Faridi Muhammad Zahir , Hussain Hammad , Mehmood Khawaja Asif
Published: November 2021

The objective of study is to check the vigorous impact of energy consumption on industrial and agricultural output with disaggregated analysis by having openness in both sectors and tube wells lone in agriculture sector as controlled variables. It is essential to analyze a connection between energy consumption and bi-sectoral output in Pakistan. Industrial and agricultural outputs have been taken as dependent variable, as they are mainly dependent on energy consumption. The data from 1999-2019 is employed for the analysis. The econometric technique autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) results are showing a strong bond between energy consumption and industrial output in disaggregated relationship. Electricity shows a negative relationship with industrial output because of developing countries power supply failure dilemma. Similarly, agriculture sector shows significance with energy consumption in disaggregated analysis. Openness of agriculture and gas consumption in agriculture shows a negative but statistically significant relationship. Capital and labor in both sectors are highly influencing regressors as par neo classical output theory, in our disaggregated energy consumption analysis. Error correction regression shows a strong short run and long run relationship of energy consumption with industrial and agricultural output. The stability diagnostic recursive estimates show the perfectly interlinked variables in both models. The present research is equally important for the academic and policy makers as it reveals a strong bond between energy consumption and bi-sector output in Pakistan. Potential measures on energy supply can increase industrial and agricultural output.
An Investigation into the Channel of Public Expenditure to Boost Industrial Productivity in Pakistan
Authors: Jadoon Atif khan , Batool Syeda Azra , Sarwar Ambreen , Javaid Maria Faiq , Shahwar Dur a
Published: November 2021

It is a fact that public expenditure has a strong association with industrial productivity. The industrial sector recorded slow growth of 5.43%, which adds 20.90% to the GDP of Pakistan (2017-2018). This study aims to find the effects of public expenditure on Total Factor Productivity (TFP) in the industrial sector of the country. The study constructed two different models. In the first model, the study used time series data from 1975 to 2018, and the growth of adjusted TFP was calculated by the growth accounting method. In the second model, the study collected data from 1977 to 2018 and checked the impact of government expenditure on the TFP growth in the industry. The unit root tests, Ordinary Least Square (OLS), and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) were employed. The findings of the study revealed that public expenditures on education were significant and positively related to TFP growth in industries. Public expenditure on health, agriculture, and inflation had a significant and positive association with TFP growth in the industries. Foreign direct investment had a negative but significant impact on TFP growth. The results of the present study suggest that industrial productivity can be increased by increasing the expenditure on education and health.
Prices, Money Supply and Output Nexus in Pakistan – A Macro Econometric Model
Authors: Awan Asma , Ahmad Hafiz Khalil , Hussain Altaf , Marri Muhammad Yousuf Khan
Published: November 2021

This study is an endeavor to examine joint determination of prices, money supply and output in Pakistan during 1975-2019 by using macro-economic model and annual time series data. Three Stage Least Square (3SLS) method is utilized to estimate simultaneous model of prices, money supply and output nexus. Our results strongly support significant positive association between prices and money supply thus supports monetarist view that growth in money supply causes inflation and rising behavior of prices is detrimental to real output. The accelerated inflation has obstructed real output and reduced output levels has further caused jump in price levels during the investigated period. The empirical results also supports significant bi-directional relationship between prices and money supply. Prudent monetary policy is need of hour to stabilize prices in order to minimize its adverse impacts on real output.
Validity and Asymmetry of Okun’s Law: Evidence from Asian Economies
Authors: Rasul Farhat , Asghar Nabila , Rehman Hafeez ur
Published: November 2021

This study investigates the validity and asymmetry of output-unemployment relationship for three groups: high income, upper middle income and lower middle income Asian Economies over the period of 1980-2018. This study investigates whether the behavior of labor markets is rigid or flexible in these economies over the sample period. By using the Hodrick and Prescott filter, the study finds a statistically significant relationship between cyclical output and cyclical unemployment; hence provides the evidence of the existence of Okun’s Law with more sensitive results for the lower middle economies as compared to other groups of countries. The study also discovers the evidence of asymmetric relationship of output-unemployment during the recessionary and expansionary period of economic growth. Although the value of coefficient varies due to asymmetry but the variation is found to be small across the three groups of the countries. The study concludes that sample economies have rigid labor markets indicating the persistence of structural unemployment.
Do Employees Perform Creatively if Provided with Better Facilities from Organizations? Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Baig Fahad Javed , Nargis Fasiha , Ashraf Muhammad Umair , Rashid Muhammad
Published: November 2021

The employees’ need of appreciation emerges in the form of rewards, empowerment and training, the supply of which fuels up performance of employees gaining indirectly by the organization through the interactive organizational practices grooming their skills which is tested and hypothesized many times. This study contributes by taking into account the inclusion of Creative Performance along with the other tested performance levels and also tests the mediating role of Work Engagement in the established relationships. This study helps in establishing this unique relationship observing the role of mediation also. The effects are analyzed with SPSS (21) and AMOS with Structural Equation modeling. Data is gathered from frontline employees of 06 cities of the Bahawalpur Division in Pakistan. The results show that rewards, empowerment and training foster Work Engagement that in turn elevates levels of Performance of Hotel Industry employees. The findings of this study will rebound to the benefit of the organizations regarding the success factors of their employees at workplace as they can get novelty of service ideas through employees. Its implementation will ultimately result in HR techniques to be adopted to achieve higher levels of performance in future. There are many other High-Performance tools like, Realistic Job Previews, Innovation Programs and Performance based Pay. Future studies can be conducted to assess the impact of these factors also. In addition, some psychological constructs may be included to enhance its area of application and know underlying reasons of divert behaviors. There are many other High-Performance tools like, Realistic Job Previews, Innovation Programs and Performance based Pay. Future studies can be conducted to assess the impact of these factors.
Readiness For Online Learning as A Predictor of Academic Stress and Anxiety
Authors: Riaz Huma , Tahir Wajeeha , Irfan Saira , Saeed Wizra , Khizar Umbreen
Published: November 2021

The present study investigated the online learning readiness as a predictor for academic stress and anxiety among graduate and undergraduate students. The sample of current study was (n = 100). Data was collected from District Sahiwal. Readiness for Online Learning Scale (McVay, 2000, 2001), Perceived Academic Stress Scale (PAS; Bedewy & Gabriel, 2015) and Anxiety Sub Scale from DASS (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995) were used to measure the readiness for online learning, academic stress and anxiety respectively. The SPSS version 23 was used to analyze the results. The results revealed that readiness for online learning negatively predict anxiety and positively predict academic stress. While there was non-significant relationship between academic stress and anxiety. This research highlights the significance of online learning readiness to ensure students’ psychological well-being.
Gender, Regulation Efficiency and Informal Employment in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Akande Rashidat Sumbola , Kareem Hauwa K. K. Abdul , Sulaimon Taofeekat T
Published: November 2021

Regulation efficiency is essential in addressing the growing informal sector in developing countries because informality thrives with an inefficient legal and regulatory framework of an economy. This paper, therefore, seeks to explore the effect of regulations on informal employment across a panel of 36 sub-Saharan Africa from 2005 to 2018. The study includes both the business and labour aspects of regulation to analyse the effect. The fixed effect and GMM method of panel regression analysis was adopted to achieve the objective of the study. The result suggests that an increase in labour regulation efficiency is associated with a reduction in informal employment while there exists no significant relationship between efficient business regulation and informal employment. The study further investigates how the outcomes affect both genders and the output. The study suggests that efficient labour regulation is gender-specific, as the result is only consistent for the male. It is therefore imperative to incorporate more female gender-specific incentives in the social and labour regulations to compensate for the imbalance of social roles of women that may affect their choice to work in the formal or informal sector.
Exploring E-Commerce and Corporate Social Responsibility from the Sharia Point of View
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Faruk , Ismail Che Thalbi bt Md. , Mahdzir Nazli
Published: November 2021

This study discusses what is, and what is not a valid and legal contract in Sharia, considering certain stipulated requirements for the acceptability of a contract. It then considers the legality of e-commerce, whether it complies with those stipulated requirements. Business under Islam primarily fulfils a collective religious obligation and fulfil an enlarged scope of responsibilities. In this context, the protection of the e-consumers, the status of an e-commerce transaction and responsible e-commerce are discussed to expose to those who are wondering whether e-commerce is admissible from the Sharia point of view. So that they could benefit from e-commerce if it is proved as an admitted fact in Islam. The final section concludes with a plea for good judgment toward corporate social responsibility practice and avoiding prohibited materials in e-commerce.
The Feudal Dynasty and Politics in Pakistan: A Socio-Political Analysis of Season of the Rainbirds in the Light of New Historicism
Authors: Javed Mubarra , Haq Naushaba
Published: November 2021

This research paper explores the factors behind the political instability and economic inequality in Pakistan, especially during General Zia’s military regime as reflected in Nadeem Aslam’s novel ‘Season of the Rainbirds’ (1993), in the light of the theory of New Historicism. The study highlights that the military intervened in political affairs and imposed martial law in 1977. The parliamentary democratic process in Pakistan did not get stability due to certain factors, such as feudal dynasty, social and economic inequalities, exploitation of masses, and low literacy rate. The feudal elites have always supported the military in this process to seek their vested interests, as their dominance over political affairs has been great. On the other hand, the masses’ dependency on their land for economic survival has worsened the situation. This study is based on a qualitative research approach and has been carried out by doing a textual analysis of the selected excerpts from the novel ‘Season of the Rainbirds’. The findings reveal that the social composition of the feudal class has undermined the institution of democracy and caused political, social, and economic disintegration. It monopolized the institution of politics and made a way for the military to intervene in the political affairs of the country. Without the provision of social and economic justice, democracy cannot get stability in Pakistan.
Framing the Inclusion of Students with Visual Impairment in the Regular Schools of Punjab: Efforts and Challenges
Authors: Rashid Kashifa , Ashraf Samina , Jahan Musarrat , Javed Muhammad Latif
Published: November 2021

The main objective of this study was to frame the inclusion for students with visual (SWVI) in the public schools of Punjab. For this purpose, researchers took the opinions of principals and teaching staff of the regular schools where SWVI are enrolled. Researchers used the survey method to conduct the study. A descriptive type of research was used. The study population compromised of all principals and teaching staff teaching in general inclusive schools of Punjab. The total ratio of the sample is 151(N=38). Principals and teachers teaching in inclusive schools (N=113) were taken as a sample of the study. The two-structured questionnaire was used, encompassing a dichotomous scale (Yes / No). The reliability of the instruments was estimated respectively 0.77 and 0.86. In contrast, the content validity of the instruments was assessed through experts who had experience in the field of special and inclusive education. The IBM version 20 was used for the analysis of the results. Results of the responses were calculated through frequency distribution with their percentage. Most of the principals who were administrators in regular inclusive schools emphasized that they have a zero rejection policy for admission in schools and make possible the friendly environment for students, positive feedback from the community, and an open-door policy for teachers, students, and parents to solve problems related to students. The majority of the school heads highlighted that school infrastructure is not according to the needs of students. Many teachers said that they lack training, have less knowledge to modify the syllabus and assessment procedures, do not have a proper source to adapt teaching material.
Devising Strategies: Study of Issues in Anthropological Research as Faced by Graduate Students
Authors: Alam Rao Nadeem
Published: November 2021

Research in anthropology is mandatory for any graduate student. It requires fieldwork in the community. This makes anthropology a vibrant and thrilling discipline. However, the graduate students in Pakistani universities are not well versed with research and particularly with fieldwork-based research in social sciences. Although the courses taught prior to fieldwork in one way or the other attempt to train the graduate students for practical fieldwork it still is not enough if a student does not put enough effort at the preparatory or synopsis stage. The advisor role of the supervisor is also very significant during this phase. This paper brings forth only five of many challenges and problems of research and fieldwork faced by Pakistani graduate students. This paper echoes the experiences of fieldwork and anthropological research by the graduate students of anthropology in Pakistan. The major challenge identified in the preparatory phase was a selection of the research topic. The rest of the challenges are of the fieldwork, starting with the choice of ‘locale’ and willingness or reluctance of interlocutors, and leading to language and translation challenges to write the accurate findings of the research and later present the research to a larger audience. Methodology as a recurrent challenge for graduate students of anthropology is a serious concern that is reported in this paper. This paper is based on the responses from 101 graduate students of anthropology at Quaid-i-Azam University, collected during 2009-2020 in the form of written assignments.
Arabic-2 The rules of preference in context in Tafseer Moahib-ur-Rehman of Shiekh Syed Amir Ali (Elected models)
Authors: Khan Imran , Rehman Khalil ur
Published: November 2021

The rules of preferences in context is a great concern among the other rules of preferences, as this requires careful consideration and thought in the context of one or more verses, and linking them to reach knowledge of what is intended from them, which is a balance known by the acceptable interpretation from others. Interpreters have relied on it throughout the ages, including Sheikh Al-Sayyid Amir Ali al-Hindi, in his tafseer called "Mawaheb ul Rahman". In this article, the researcher focused on extracting rules for preferences in context from his aforementioned interpretation, and eventually evaluating them, including practical examples.
Arabic-8 The Significans of Semantics in the form of Derived Verbs in the Holy Quran
Authors: Akram Aliya
Published: November 2021

Arabic Language being the most significant among the Semitic Languages, is still growing due to its dynamic nature, letters are added to the tri-literal root verbs (الفعل الثلاثي المجرد) to increase the different aspects of meanings to original verbs. This increase may be in the form of Prefixes, Suffixes, and infixes and their meaning can be changed from transitive to intransitive. This article handles such transitions in the form of the verbs and its effects on the Meaning of the verbs in the Holy Quran. Hamza is among the additions that follow the verb and make it more transgressive. The form ((أفعل  is made by prefixing hamza (أ) with Fatha to the root form (فعل), for example:

خرج - To go out                                         أخرج          - To drive out
نزل - To descend                                     أنزل           - To bring out

﴿و بالحق انزلنٰه و بالحق نزلؕ﴾ (سورة الإسراء – ١٠٥)
Urdu-23 Critical Perspective of Meerza Adeeb’s Dramas on Islamic Historic Personalities
Authors: Ahmar Naseem Abbas , Ijaz Sumaira
Published: November 2021

Meerza Adeeb is an eminent Urdu drama writer who wrote numerous one act plays, which highlights the heroic lives of Islamic historical personalities including Tariq Bin Zayad, Muhammad Bin Qasim, Sultan Mahmood Ghaznavi, Ahmad Shah Abdali, Syed Ahmad Shaheed and Fatima Bint e Abdullah to spotlight their exemplary  lives .Actually ,his aim is to present the sensation of boldness, bravery, devotion and patriotism. In the result, his dramas are an important source to know about the glory of our Islamic history. This article is a study of Meerza Adeeb’s damas to analyze his presentation of Islamic historical personalities.
Urdu-24 An Interpretation of the Different Stages and Procedures of Contracts in the Era of Ignorance and the duration of Islam
Authors: Irshad Muhammad , Ahmad Manzoor , Uddin Salah
Published: November 2021

Ever since the beginning of human pedigree/genealogy religion has remain the binding force of man’s social life by giving him a sense and account of his individual and collective responsibilities. Religions make certain practices binding on their believers to keep the society, man, and nature in harmony among each other. Islam provides clear, logical, and improvised (Fiqhee) bases for the ends mentioned earlier in the form of obligations defined and laid out for every person capable of solid reasoning. These bases are known as “aqd”in Islamic Shari’-a body of Islamic injunctions binding on believers to lead successfully a meaning full life. Aqd covers all aspects of Muslim society for varied needs of social life: hence emerging in different forms for different aspects of Muslims’ social life ranging from marriage to state affairs with the sole objective of making people realize their role in the society, that they are responsible and answerable before other human beings and Allah for their choices and deeds. In Arabic the word “Aqd” means “fastening or tying together of two or more things”. The injunctions of Aqd having vast connotations concerning the very meaning provided above makes it most concise and comprehensive aspect of Islam. Contemporarily Aqd translates to legal terms such as “contract, oath, lease, deed, pact, charter, covenant, act, intrument, cast, contribute, and agreement to mention the very few. As for the connotative aspects taken into account, Islam provides guiding principles and conditions for establishing or declaring an act or practice to be labeled as “aqd”. These concerns of these principles range from fostering relationships to governing a state. The article explores the etymological information about aqd, its historical significance, and brings together the perspectives of different and prominent early Islamic schools of thought on the subject concerned. The article is part historical, and part content analysis on the literature concerning the subject of “aqd” through the words of Qur’anic scripture, sayings of Prophet Muhammad (PBUT), and Leading noble scholars of Islamic education and practices.
Urdu-28 An Analysis of administrative Matters of the State of Madina in the light of the Teachings of Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H)
Authors: Snober Ayesha , Raeesi Sajjad Ali , Perveen Rashida
Published: November 2021

Man is a social being and inclined to live in societal setup. Passing through various evolutionary phases, the society reached its nadir, calling for a state that could efficiently provide peace, equality and concord as well as performing its citizenry’s mutual affairs effectively. In order to accomplish state’s political and administrative matters, much work was done for the constitution and administration of different state machinery. Since Islam is a complete set of rules, its objective is the wellbeing of humanity. It is a guiding principle for every human faculty. So a firmly established political system is necessary for the progress, welfare and reform of a nation as the Islamic political system is based on universal rules and principles. The purpose of an Islamic political system is to formulate a peaceful and just society, where all members of the society enjoy equal rights. The current article analyses the administrative matters of the first Islamic State of Madina. In the light of Islamic perspective, the necessity and significance of politics have been defined. The constitution and basic political rules of the state of Madina have also been delineated as per Quran and Sunnah. The state of Madina veritably enjoys the status for being the first Islamic welfare state. Further, it encompasses all the aspects of the state of Madina, including Hazrat Muammad’s (Peace be upon Him) principles and strategy which were adopted by him while performing the administrative matters of the state.
Őstörténet, kalandozások és honfoglalás a hazai középiskolai tankönyvekben 1989-ig
Authors: Horváth-Lugossy Gábor , Illik Péter
Published: November 2021

A pozsonyi csata 907 júliusában történt, és a jelenlegi konzervatív történeti narratívában meghatározó volt a magyarság meg- és itt maradásában, a honfoglalás eredményeinek megszilárdításában. A hazai recepciótörténetben mégis meglehetősen ismeretlen. Jelen tanulmány azt elemzi, hogy ez az esemény hogyan, miként jelenik meg a hazai középiskolai tankönyvekben. Fontos megjegyzés, hogy azokat a szövegeket vizsgálja, amelyek a mai fogalmaink szerinti középiskolai és tankönyvi szövegeknek feleltek meg, hiszen nem minden korábbi korszak használta ezeket a terminusokat. A tanulmány arra jut, hogy a tankönyvírók zöme minden időszakban akadémiai vagy akadémia-közeli történész volt. Az 1867 előtti időszak könyveiben nem szerepel a finnugor nyelvrokonság. A finnugor nyelvrokonság lényegében rokonsággá válik, már 1867-től dominálja a tananyagtartalmat, bár ekkor még jelen van a diverzitás, más elméleteket (elsősorban a mondákat) is megemlítenek a tankönyvek. A Horthy-korszak tankönyveiben még fel-feltűnik a pozsonyi csata. A szocialista időszak köteteiben a pozsonyi csata teljesen eltűnik, a tananyagtartalom sablonossá és uniformizálttá válik. És végezetül, a politikai rendszerváltástól függetlenül az 1990-es évekre a szocialista időszak narratívája „mentődik át” a tankönyvekbe.
Amissio Illyrici
Authors: Kovács Péter
Published: November 2021

Pannonia és Illyricum 5. századi történetének egyik legfontosabb, máig megoldatlan kérdése, hogy Nyugat-Illyricum és Pannonia pontosan mikor és milyen mértékben (teljesen, vagy Dalmatia és Pannonia, vagy csak Pannonia egy része) került Nyugat-Róma helyett Constantinopolis ellenőrzése alá. Utóbbi még jóval később is kimutatható mély nyomokat hagyott a nyugati elit tudatában, ahogyan a Cassiodorustól vett kifejezés is világosan mutatja: Var. XI.1.9 amissio Illyrici. Az írott források újraértelmezése alapján arra a következtetésre kell jutnunk, hogy Pannonia secunda (viszont a dioecesis más tartománya nem) a Galla Placidia-féle házassági szerződés révén újra a Kelet része lett, amely azonban csak 437 után lépett életbe. Utóbbi tény miatt foglalták el a hunok Sirmiumot és Pannonia secundát a 441-es Kelet-Róma elleni háborúban. A hun birodalom felbomlása után ezt az ellenőrzést nominálisan Pannonia primára és Valeriára is kiterjeszthették. A Cassiodorus által említett divisio dolenda provinciis nem lehetett más, mint Illyricum (Pannonia) dioecesis megosztása.
10. századi sírok Kiskunfélegyháza–Terjék-tanya lelőhelyről
Authors: Gallina Zsolt , Gulyás Gyöngyi , Horváth Ciprián , Knipl István , Makoldi Miklós
Published: November 2021

Kiskunfélegyháza–Terjék-tanya lelőhelyen a Kiskun Múzeum és a Magyarságkutató Intézet Régészeti Kutatóközpontja közös projekt keretében végezte el egy 10. századi honfoglaló temető teljes feltárását 2020 áprilisában. A temető – részben homokbányászás, részben fémkeresős kincskereső tevékenység miatt – jelentékenyen bolygatott volt, egy sírjának feltárását pedig már 2018-ban elvégezték. A temető egy kis sírszámú, egysoros temetkezési hely, melynek használata a 10. század középső évtizedeire datálható. A 11. számú sír volt a legkevésbé bolygatott temetkezés, benne egy torques-zel, pántkarpereccel, ezüstveretekkel, kauricsigával és egy ruhára varrt, 931-re keltezhető ezüstpénzzel felékszerezett nő maradványai feküdtek. A temető egy rangosabb honfoglaló magyar közösség vagy család temetkezési helye lehetett, hiszen az ezüst ékszereken kívül csizmaveretek, egy arany hajkarika és lószerszámok is előkerültek a lelőhelyről.
Az Árpád-ház filogenetikai eredetének meghatározása III. Béla apai ágának elemzése alapján
Authors: Nagy L. Péter , Neparáczki Endre , Kásler Miklós
Published: November 2021

Célunk az Árpád-ház eredetének feltárása volt az eredetileg a székesfehérvári székesegyházban eltemetett III. Béla magyar király (1172–1196) és további 8 személy (6 férfi, 2 nő) csontvázmaradványaiból származó DNS genomszekvenálásával. Az Y-kromoszóma-elemzés megállapította, hogy két egyed, III. Béla és a HU52 jelzetű, az R-Z2125 haplocsoportba tartozik, amelyeknek eloszlása Délkelet-Ázsia közelében koncentrálódik, másodlagos kiterjedése a mai Irán, a Volga uráli térsége és a Kaukázus térsége. Ezekről a területekről 4340 egyed genomját szekvenáltuk, és az így kapott mintaszettből 208 esetben állapítottuk meg, hogy az R-Z2123-as haplocsoportba tartoznak. Ezekből az adatokból megállapítottuk, hogy az Árpád-ház legközelebbi rokonai (az R-SUR51) a modern kori Baskíriából származtak, elsősorban az Oroszországban található Baskíriából, annak Burzjan és Abzelil járásaiból. Elemzésünk feltárta olyan SNP-k meglétét is, amelyek egy új, Árpád-ház-specifikus R-ARP haplocsoportot határoznak meg. Az R-Z2123 nagy felbontású filogenenetikai kontextusában az első magyar királyi dinasztia eredete az Észak-Afganisztán környéki régiókban jelölhető meg, körülbelül 4500 évvel ezelőttire tehető, és a baskírokat azonosítja legközelebbi rokonként. A két népesség szétválásának időpontja pedig az időszámításunk szerinti első évezred eleje.
A császári-királyi hadsereg magyar tábornokainak társadalmi összetétele
Authors: Nagy-Luttenberger István
Published: November 2021

Az utolsó török és a francia háborúk (1787–1815) időszakában a császári-királyi hadseregben százezres nagyságrendű magyar katonaság harcolt. A hadsereg vezetésébe is szép számmal kerültek be magyarok, a 880 aktív szolgálatot teljesítő tábornok közül 215 fő rendelkezett magyarországi kötődéssel. A tanulmány a csoport társadalmi összetételét mutatja be a kései rendiség viszonyai között. A teljes csoportból 31 fő számított idegennek: aki itt született, de nem rendelkezett magyar jogi státusszal. A többséget alkotó 184 tábornok viszont a magyar társadalomból került ki, ebből 20 fő az Erdélyi Nagyfejedelemségből. A tábornokok társadalmi összetételét tekintve többségében a középső társadalmi szegmensből érkeztek. A legnagyobb csoportot 129 nemesi származású tábornok alkotta, ez pontosan 60%-ot jelent. A polgárok, határőrök és nemességgel nem rendelkezők 44 főt tettek ki. A nemesség felett álló arisztokraták 42 fővel a legkisebb csoportot alkották. A két legmagasabb rangot elérők között azonban még mindig nagyobb arányban találjuk a magasabb társadalmi státuszúakat. A többség a társadalom középső szegmensét alkotó nemesség soraiból érkezett, de a polgárság és határőrség, valamint a vezető erőt jelentő arisztokrácia is mintegy 20%-os aránnyal képviseltette magát.
Egy világhírű magyar írónő, báró Orczy Emma és A Vörös Pimpernel
Authors: Raffay Andrea
Published: November 2021

A tanulmány célja a magyar irodalom-történetírás által eddig elhanyagolt Orczy Emma bárónő konzervatív szemléletű munkásságának bemutatása. A tanulmány ismerteti a bárónő műveit, különös tekintettel A Vörös Pimpernel és a Pimpernel Erdélyben című, legnagyobb, a magyarok szempontjából legfontosabb írásaira, azok eszmetörténeti hátterére s életrajzi adalékokat is tartalmaz a bárónő és édesapja, Orczy Bódog báró regényes életútjával kapcsolatban. Orczy a magyar nemzettudatot erősítő művei a magyar történelemben végbemenő folyamatok és a két nagy eszmetörténeti irányzat (konzervativizmus és liberalizmus) megértéséhez is közelebb viszik az olvasót, ezáltal írásai megismerése minden művelt magyar embernek önmaga iránt való kötelessége. E tanulmány pedig – az Orczy Emma bárónő által megteremtett, a magát ma is, a bárónő idejében is kivételesen kevés számban képviseltető típusnak, a gentleman mintaképének, vagyis a Vörös Pimpernelnek bemutatásával – ehhez kíván hozzájárulni.