bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deciphering the Mechanotransduction Symphony: Stiffness-Dependent Interplay of YAP and β-Catenin in Breast Cancer Metastasis
Authors: Geng Fei , Su Zhi , Wu Yuning , Ge Chang , Barooj Shumaim , Hirota Jeremy A.
Published: March 2024

Metastatic breast cancer poses a formidable clinical challenge,
demanding a comprehensive understanding of the intricate signaling
networks orchestrating disease progression. Herein, our findings
revealed a pronounced increase in the nuclear translocation of both YAP
and β-catenin in MDA-MB-231 cells exposed to a stiff substrate (32 kPa).
Intriguingly, YAP knockdown resulted in elevated β-catenin nuclear
translocation on soft substrates (2 kPa), while no significant change
was observed on stiff substrates. Concurrently, the expression of
Wnt/β-catenin downstream genes ( CCND1 and AXIN2) and cell
migration were downregulated in MDA-MB-231 cells on stiff substrates
following YAP knockdown. Conversely, on soft substrates, β-catenin
nuclear localization, downstream gene expression, and cell migration
remained unaltered unless both YAP and β-catenin were concurrently
silenced, highlighting the compensatory role of β-catenin in response to
YAP depletion in the cellular context of mechanotransduction within
metastatic breast cancer cells. Moreover, our investigation revealed the
significant impact of myosin-II and cell confluency on the interplay
between YAP and β-catenin. Thus, we elucidated a paradigm in which
β-catenin assumes a compensatory role in response to YAP knockdown,
particularly under distinct mechanical conditions. The interplay is
finely tuned to the mechanical microenvironment, highlighting the
mechanosensitivity of this compensatory mechanism.
In-line Dielectric and Raman Monitoring of Intracellular Lycopene Production in E. coli Fermentation Scale-Up
Authors: Eka Fitriani Nur , Vivek Vasudevan , Leung Dennis , Wong Yun Xuan , Wu Wenqin , Chew Wee
Published: March 2024

The use of in-line analytics for monitoring and understanding biological
processes has been promoted since 2004 through the Process Analytical
Technology (PAT) initiative. Two such technologies are Raman and
dielectric spectroscopies that are well established but deployed
independently. For the very first time, simultaneous usage of in-line
Raman and dielectric spectroscopic analytics for tracking progress of a
lycopene overproducer E. coli 322 engineered strain was studied
herein, alongside scale-up experimentation from shake flask to 0.5L and
10L bioreactor cultures. An intracellular lycopene extraction protocol
was optimised for off-line quantification by Raman or UV-Vis
spectroscopies, which aids the estimation of lycopene over-production in
a high cell density E. coli fed-batch culture via in-line Raman.
Correlating dielectric capacitance recordings and flow cytometry viable
cell count measurements allows for real-time cell culture viability
monitoring, which is more informative for bioprocess dynamic control in
contrast to conventional in-/off-line biomass optical density
(OD) or dry cell weight (g). This
enabled fed-batch culture revitalisation prior to inducing intracellular
lycopene production. The final biomass OD was ca.
81.8 corresponding to in-line dielectric capacitance estimated culture
viability 43.38 g/L. Intracellular lycopene yield was
estimated at 495.1 mg/g via in-line Raman, which was
12.3 times increase compared to initial trial reported for E.
coli 322. The successful implementation of dual in-line dielectric
capacitance and Raman monitoring exemplifies the quality by design (QbD)
approach espoused by PAT framework for expediting bioprocess
understanding, development and scale-up of engineered microbial strains.
Effect of increasing doses of colchicine on the treatment of 333 COVID-19 inpatients
Authors: Tiholov Rumen , Lilov Aleksander , Georgieva Gergana , Palaveev Kiril , Tashkov Konstantin , Mitev Vanyo
Published: March 2024

Recently we demonstrated that in 452 COVID-19 inpatients higher
colchicine doses reduced the mortality about 5 times. Here we report
another 333 cases of COVID-19 inpatients, treated with different doses
of colchicine. There was a clear trend of reduction in the mortality of
inpatients with increasing doses of colchicine between 2- and 7-fold.
Colchicine loading doses of 4 mg are more effective than those with 2
mg. Despite higher than the so-called “standard doses” of colchicine,
our doses are completely safe. The World Health Organization
(WHO)-recommended strategy to inhibit viral replication had partial
success because there is no direct link between viral load and the
hyperactivation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. The neutralization of the
IL-6 effects with anti-receptor antibodies and the inhibition of the
tyrosine kinase JAK can be compromised if NLRP3 continues to be
hyperactive and generates a cytokine storm. Our treatment strategy to
inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 entry into the cell with inhaled bromhexine and
the hyperactivated NLRP3 inflammasome with higher doses of colchicine,
as the source of the cytokine storm practically solves the problem of
treating COVID-19. The timing of initiation of treatment is critical.
Assessing Soil Erosion Risk in Kazakhstan: A RUSLE-Based Approach for Land Rehabilitation
Authors: Kaliyeva Damira , Tokbergenova Aigul , Mirzabaev Alisher , Zulpykharov Kanat , Bissenbayeva Sanim , Taukebayev Omirzhan , Qadir Manzoor
Published: March 2024

Soil degradation is increasing in Kazakhstan, leading to severe losses
in land productivity. The Almaty region, the country’s leading
agricultural and industrial province, is among the most affected areas.
The objective of this study is to evaluate, for the first time, the
applicability of the revised model of the Universal Soil Loss Equation
(USLE) for estimating the rate of soil erosion and identifying areas
susceptible to soil erosion in the Almaty region. The revised USLE
(RUSLE) factors, including rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility, slope
length, and steepness, were represented using data on soil, topography,
and land use/vegetation cover from the region. Using the RUSLE model’s
algorithms, we generated an erosion risk map, emphasizing areas with a
high potential for erosion. The results show higher soil erosion rates
in agricultural areas with steep slopes and inadequate environmental
practices—annual soil losses in the region as high as 26,279 t/ha/year
in high-risk areas. On average, approximately 88% of the region’s
territory loses up to 103 t/ha/year, while 9% loses about three times
as much. Such potential soil erosion risks warrant the implementation of
efficient soil conservation strategies in the region to protect soils,
ensure desired agricultural productivity, and support journey in
achieving the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 15.
CONTRASTING THE ROLE OF HISTORIC FACTORS IN PHYLOGEOGRAPIC PATTERNS IN THE NATIVE JOHNNY DARTER (Etheostoma nigrum) AND INVASIVE ROUND GOBY (Neogobius melanostomus) IN LOWER MICHIGAN
Authors: Wicks Abby , Bowman Miles , Dowling Thomas
Published: March 2024

Round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) is an invasive fish present
in all five Great Lakes and is becoming increasingly common in their
tributaries. Johnny darter (Etheostoma nigrum) is a native
species that often coexists with N. melanostomus. In this work,
historic factors are addressed as a source of genomic variation in study
populations of these species. To do this, patterns of variation in the
mitochondrial gene NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2) were characterized
for both species throughout Lower Michigan. Populations of N.
melanostomus and E. nigrum were sampled from 17 localities
representing both eastern and western basins of Lower Michigan to test
the hypothesis that populations differ between the eastern and western
basins of the Great Lakes. Neogobius melanostomus populations
were largely homogenous with no significant differences detected among
populations or between the eastern and western basins. Additionally,
N. melanostomus exhibited no evidence of overarching historical
genetic structure, consistent with the recent invasion and rapid
expansion of this species. Etheostoma nigrum exhibited
significant differentiation among local populations; however, similarity
among mtDNA haplotypes indicated that differences among populations are
recent, suggesting that local forces are a more important factor in
shaping patterns of variation than historical factors. Contrary to
predictions, there were no significant differences detected between the
eastern and western basins of the Great Lakes; however, construction of
a neighbor joining tree with F estimates revealed
clustering of populations by basin with some anomalies. These anomalies
may be the result of recent stream capture events facilitating gene flow
between the two basins.
Fish diversity of post-conflict Colombian Andes-Amazon streams as a reference for conservation before increased land use
Authors: Gregory Juan David Bogotá , Jenkins David , Acosta-Santos Astrid , Agudelo Edwin
Published: March 2024

Reference conditions are difficult to find in the Anthropocene but
essential for effective conservation of biodiversity. Aquatic ecosystems
in the Andes-Amazon transition zone of Colombia are now at high risk due
to expanded human activities after peace agreements in 2016 ended armed
conflict. Expanding human land use may reduce fish diversity across the
altitudinal gradient but especially in premontane streams (i.e.,
<500 m a.s.l.) because lands are more amenable to human use
than at greater altitudes. We evaluated natural fish diversity in twelve
sites over eight years bracketing the end of armed conflict. Strong
differences in community structure (measured as species richness, total
abundance, and effective species number, and multivariate analyses)
occurred as a function of altitude, as measured by. Our results provide
a baseline to identify short-term and long-term changes due to impending
human land use at a critical moment for the conservation of tropical
fish diversity.
Reimagining The Act Of Living In The Tropical Rainforest
Authors: McIntyre Susanna
Published: March 2024

Having recently relocated to the Colombian Rainforest in the foothills
of the Andes, I have been struck by the rapid rate of destruction of
native habitats by slash and burn techniques to make way for cattle
farming. But equally astonishing is the rate of repair of these
landscapes and forests once human destructive practices cease.
Chemical and transcriptomic diversity do not correlate with ascending levels of social complexity in the insect order Blattodea
Authors: Golian Marek , Friedman Daniel , Harrison Mark , McMahon Dino , Buellesbach Jan
Published: March 2024

Eusocial insects, such as ants and termites, are characterized by high
levels of coordinated social organization. This is contrasted by
solitary insects, which display more limited forms of collective
behavior. It has been hypothesized that this gradient in
socio-behavioral sophistication is positively correlated with chemical
profile complexity, due to a potentially increased demand for diversity
in chemical communication mechanisms in insects with higher levels of
social complexity. However, this claim has rarely been assessed
empirically. Here, we compare different levels of chemical and
transcriptomic complexity in selected species of the order Blattodea
that represent different levels of social organization, from solitary to
eusocial. We primarily focus on cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) complexity,
since it has repeatedly been demonstrated that CHCs are key signaling
molecules conveying a wide variety of chemical information in solitary
as well as eusocial insect species. We assessed CHC complexity and
divergence between our studied species of different social complexity
levels as well as the differentiation of their respective repertoires of
CHC biosynthesis gene transcripts. Surprisingly, we did not find any
consistent pattern of chemical complexity correlating with the degree of
social complexity, nor did the overall chemical divergence or
transcriptomic repertoire of CHC biosynthesis genes reflect on the
levels of social complexity. Our results challenge the assumption that
increasing social complexity is generally reflected in more complex
chemical profiles and point towards the need for a more cautious and
differentiated view on correlating complexity on a chemical, genetic,
and social level.
Sexual selection on non-ornamental traits is underpinned by evidence of genetic constraints on sex-biased expression in dusky pipefish
Authors: Tosto Nicole , Rose Emily , Mason Heather , Mank Judith , Flanagan Sarah
Published: March 2024

Species without dimorphic secondary sex characteristics easily visible
to humans, such as difference in size or morphology, are expected to
experience low levels of sex-specific selection. However, monomorphism
in classic visible traits could be a result of genetic or physiological
constraints that prevent the sexes from reaching divergent fitness
optima. Additionally, biochemical and molecular work has revealed a
variety of less easily observed phenotypes that none-the-less exhibit
profound dimorphism. Sex-specific selection could act on these more
subtle, less visible, traits. We investigate sex-specific selection in
the polygynandrous dusky pipefish (Syngnathus floridae), which lacks
size, color, and morphological dimorphism. Using experimental breeding
populations, we revealed that although males and females have similar
opportunities for sexual selection, only males experience significant
sexual selection pressures on body size. We also investigated patterns
of sex-biased and sex-specific gene expression in gonads, livers, and
gills, and tested whether genes with highly divergent expression
patterns between the sexes are more likely to be tissue specific, and
therefore relieved of genetic constraints. We. Sex-bias in gene
expression was widespread, although the reproductive organs had the most
sex-biased and sex-specific genes. Sex-specific selection on gene
expression in gills was primarily related to immune response, whereas
the liver and gonads had a wide variety of cellular processes, as well
as reproductive proteins, showing sex-biased expression. These
sex-biased genes are likely less constrained by pleiotropy, as they were
more organ-specific in their expression patterns. Altogether, we find
evidence for ongoing and historical sex-specific selection in the dusky
pipefish.
Effect of spatial and temporal urban isolation on the genetic diversity, acoustic variation, and morphological characteristics of an urban survivor bird species
Authors: Cueva Luis , Fuchs Eric , Barrantes Gilbert , Madrigal-Brenes Ruth , Sandoval Luis
Published: March 2024

Urbanization alters ecosystems, fragmenting natural habitats, and hence,
increasing isolation between populations. Therefore, a reduction in gene
flow among isolated populations is expected with greater distance and
time since fragmentation. Changes in the structure, density, or
community composition in the remaining habitats often result in species‘
modifications of vocalizations and morphological traits. However, the
relationship between genetic, vocalizations and morphological divergence
in urban areas over time remains poorly understood. We analyzed ten
years of genetic, acoustic, and morphological data from isolated
populations of the white-eared ground-sparrow. We used seven
microsatellites (SSRs), recorded, and measured five acoustic traits, and
measured six morphological traits, and compared them over a period of
ten years. We found an increase in inbreeding, increase in song
duration, number of elements, and frequency of maximum amplitude, but a
reduction in female body size and changes in male beak. However, we only
identified a significant correlation between genetic diversity and the
acoustic characteristics of song.
Long-term field studies are critical for safeguarding biodiversity: a new concept and concern
Authors: Hårding Karin , Carroll Daire , Infantes Eduardo , Carroll Jessica , Harkonen Tero
Published: March 2024

Changes in species abundance and distribution are driven by short-term
interactions between individuals and their environment, as well as by
long-term shifts in climate, prey abundance, disease outbreaks and
predators, acting across generations. Unfortunately, management of
wildlife populations by humans has often overlooked these long-term
effects. This approach has resulted in an overestimation of nature’s
resilience, leading to overharvesting and contributing to the decline
and extinction of species. Field studies that document species
demography over sufficiently long periods to understand the drivers of
change are rare but crucial for sustainable management. In our view,
these datasets should be recognised as World Heritage Ecological Time
Series (WHETS). To counteract biodiversity loss, it is essential to
document, preserve, and develop existing WHETS. We illustrate the value
of such time series using the example of the Kattegat-Skagerrak Sea
Region harbour seal (Phoca vitulina).
Effects of Mountain Uplift and Climatic Oscillations on Phylogeography and Species Divergence of Notholirion (Liliaceae)
Authors: Cheng Rui-Yu , Li Juan , Xie Deng-Feng , zhou renxiu , Li Qing , Yu Yanglina , He Xingjin , Zhou Songdong
Published: March 2024

Exploring the geological events and climate change in the
Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains (HHM) region and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
(QTP) is crucial for understanding the impact of environmental change on
biogeographic distribution and biological evolution. To delve deeper
into these mechanisms, we reconstructed the evolutionary history of
three Notholirion species that span these regions. Here, we examined a
total of 254 individuals from 31 populations of these three species,
utilizing five chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) (matK, ndhA, ndhG-ndhI,
petB-petD, and petL-petG), along with one nuclear DNA region (internal
transcribed spacer, ITS). We identified 14 haplotypes from cpDNA and 27
haplotypes from the ITS, each specific to corresponding species. Robust
haplotype trees were detected, and obvious discrepancies were found
between the cpDNA and ITS trees. A total of 147 chloroplast genomes were
used for divergence time estimation, of which 10 chloroplast genomes
from distinct populations of Notholirion species provided a
comprehensive representation of the genus. The divergence time
estimation results suggested that species of Notholirion genus
originated in the southern Himalayan region during the Late Oligocene
period (25.05 Ma), and the three Notholirion species then diverged
during the Late Pliocene period (7.43 Ma). Our maximum model forecasts
that the overall distribution range of Notholirion over four different
periods remains relatively stable，from LIG to the future. The origin of
the genus Notholirion was triggered by sustained climate fluctuations
during the Late Oligocene, with the uplift of the Himalayas and the
subsequent orogenic movements intensifying climate changes and further
promoting the species divergence of Notholirion. A long evolutionary
history, coupled with sexual reproduction and habitat fragmentation,
likely contributed to the higher genetic diversity of Notholirion. The
higher genetic differentiation among Notholirion populations may be
attributed to drastic changes in the external environment within their
range, as well as their constrained capacity for seed production and
dispersal.
Sex-specific diet differences in harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) via spatial assortment
Authors: Conwell Holland , Lewis Zoë , Thomas Austen C. , Acevedo-Gutierrez Alejandro , Schwarz Dietmar
Published: March 2024

The lack of recovery of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in the
Pacific Northwest has been blamed in part on predation by pinnipeds,
particularly the harbor seal (Phoca vitulina). Previous work at a
limited number of locations has shown that male seal diet contains more
salmon than that of female seals and that sex ratios at haul-out sites
differ spatiotemporally. This intrapopulation variation in predation may
result in greater effects on salmon than suggested by models assuming
equal spatial distribution and diet proportion. To address the
generality of these patterns, we examined the sex ratios and diet of
male and female harbor seals from 13 haul-out sites in the inland waters
of Washington State and the province of British Columbia during
2012-2018. DNA metabarcoding was conducted to determine prey species
proportions of individual scat samples. The sex of harbor seals was then
determined from each scat matrix sample with the use of quantitative
polymerase chain reaction. We analyzed 2,045 harbor seal scat samples
using Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMMs) to examine the factors
influencing harbor seal sex ratio at haul-out sites and permutational
multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) to examine the influence
of sex and haul-out site on harbor seal diet composition. We found that
the overall sex ratio was 1:1.02 (female:male) with notable
spatiotemporal variation. Salmoniformes were about 2.6 times more
abundant in the diet of males than females, and Chinook salmon comprised
ca. three times more of the average male harbor seal’s diet than the
average female’s diet. Based on site-specific sex ratios and diet data,
we identified three haul-out sites where Chinook salmon appear to be
under high predation pressure by male harbor seals. Our study indicates
that combining sex-specific pinniped diet data with the sex ratio of
haul-out sites can help identify priority sites of conservation concern.
Investigating the Relationship Between the World Giving Index and the Donations in Lions Clubs International Foundation
Authors: Svidroňová Mária Murray , Kaščáková Alena , Krátky Bohumír
Published: March 2024

According to the Charities Aid Foundation, more than three in ten adults
worldwide will donate money to charity in 2020. Indonesia occupies the
world’s #1 spot for money donations, likely driven by religious giving.
The Annual Report on Philanthropy for the Year 2020, reports that
charitable giving grew from three of the four sources of giving and to
seven of the nine major types of recipient charitable organizations in
2020, but the experiences of individual charities may vary. The purpose
of this paper is to analyze the relationship between the World Giving
Index and giving at the Lions Clubs International Foundation. We
investigate whether financial donations made to international
humanitarian LCIF in different countries around the world influence the
World Giving Index. Main methods used are panel regression and
correlation analysis. The results of our research suggest that donations
made to LCIF have a positive impact on the World Giving Index. We
supported our findings with extended theory of planned behaviour model
for Slovakia based on a questionnaire with 150 respondents. Research
limitations include the selection of one year of observation.
Exploring the Complex Tapestry of Child Abuse in Pakistan: A South Asian Outlook
Authors: Ilyas Uzma , Fatima Kalsoom , Khanum Aliza
Published: March 2024

Child abuse is pervasive and distressing issue around the globe with
severe consequences for the survivors. Through the analysis of the
existing literature, it provides the comprehensive overview of the
current state of research and understanding of the child abuse in
low-middle-income countries. It presents unique challenges in low and
middle-income countries, where resource constraints, social dynamics,
and cultural factors often compound the problem. The review focuses on
the alarming prevalence, risk factors, consequences, societal responses
of child abuse, child sexual abuse and child-maltreatment in low-middle
income countries and its profound implication on their mental health. In
low-middle income countries poverty, inadequate access to healthcare,
societal stigmatization exacerbates the mental health concerns of child
abuse victims in these regions. There is the multifaceted relationship
between the child abuse and the child’s mental health. Children are
prone towards psychological problems after being subjected to abuse. The
psychological problem not only rampant the stress and trauma but also
acts like a formidable obstacle preventing disclosure. By focusing on
the child abuse in the low middle-income countries, it aims to raise the
awareness, inform policy, and need for more intervention strategies and
encouraging the international community to prioritize the well-being of
these children.
Access control list (ACL) Compliance Verification and Alarm Systems: Strengthening Network Security
Authors: Kannan Yamini
Published: March 2024

“Access Control Lists (ACLs) are a cornerstone in securing
network traffic. This study focuses on the automation and efficiency of
ACL compliance verification systems, with an emphasis on enhancing
network security. By leveraging alarm systems for continual checks and
maintaining ACL rule order, network security remains robust against
potential threats. A major contribution of this paper is proposing an
innovative method for deriving Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) ACL terms
using automated scripts, enabling organizations to quickly adapt to
network topology changes. Our findings underscore the effectiveness of
integrating automation in ACL management, reducing manual errors and
optimizing resource allocation in network security.”
Experience Replay Based Online Adaptive Robust Tracking Control for Partially Unknown Nonlinear Systems with Asymmetric Constrained-Input
Authors: Duan Zhongxing , Liu Chong , Li Yalun , Chu Zhousheng , Ma Zongfang
Published: March 2024

This paper solves the robust tracking problem (RTP) for a type of
partially unknown nonlinear systems with asymmetric constrained-input by
utilizing an improved adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) method based on
experience replay (ER) technique and critic-only neural network (NN).
Initially, an identifier neural network (INN) is set to identify the
unknown parts of the system dynamics. Subsequently, the tracking error
and the desired trajectory are used to construct an augmented system, so
that the robust tracking problem (RTP) is transformed into a constrained
optimal control problem (OCP). It is proved that the designed control
policy of OCP can make the tracking error to be uniformly ultimately
bounded (UUB). Then, using the framework of ADP and critic-only NN to
solve the derived Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation (HJBE). The NN weight
regulation law is partially derived by using gradient descent algorithm
(GDA) and then is improved by using the ER technique and the Lyapunov
stability theory, which no longer need the conditions of persistence of
excitation (PE) and initial admissible control. Besides, the total
system states and NN weights is proved to be closed stable by utilizing
the Lyapunov technique. Finally, through two simulation examples, it is
demonstrated that the proposed control scheme is effective.
Combined Role of the MJO and ENSO in Shaping Extreme Warming Patterns and Coral Bleaching Risk in the Great Barrier Reef
Authors: Gregory Catherine Hannah , Holbrook Neil J. , Spillman Claire M , Marshall Andrew G
Published: March 2024

Local meteorology over the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) can significantly
influence ocean temperatures, which in turn impacts coral ecosystems.
While El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) provides insight into the
expected synoptic states, it lacks details of the anticipated
sub-seasonal weather variability at local scales. This study explores
the influence of the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) on Australian
tropical climate, both independently and in combination with ENSO, with
a focus on impacts to the GBR. We find that during El Niño periods, a
faster propagating MJO pattern can disrupt background warm, dry
conditions, and potentially provide cooling relief via increased cloud
cover and stronger winds. Conversely, in La Niña periods, the MJO is
prevented from passing the Maritime continent, forcing it to remain in a
standing pattern in the Indian Ocean. This leads to reduced atmospheric
convection over the GBR, decreased cloud cover and wind, and the
generation of a warm ocean anomaly.
The effect of coupling between CLUBB turbulence scheme and surface momentum flux on global wind simulations
Authors: Gentile Emanuele Silvio , Zhao Ming , Larson Vincent E , Zarzycki Colin M. , Tan Zhihong
Published: March 2024

The higher-order turbulence scheme, Cloud Layers Unified by Binormals
(CLUBB), is known for effectively simulating the transition from cumulus
to stratocumulus clouds within leading atmospheric climate models. This
study investigates an underexplored aspect of CLUBB: its capacity to
simulate near-surface winds and the Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL), with
a particular focus on its coupling with surface momentum flux. Using the
GFDL atmospheric climate model (AM4), we examine two distinct coupling
strategies, distinguished by their handling of surface momentum flux
during the CLUBB’s stability-driven substepping performed at each
atmospheric time step. The static coupling maintains a constant surface
momentum flux, while the dynamic coupling adjusts the surface momentum
flux at each CLUBB substep based on the CLUBB-computed zonal and
meridional wind speed tendencies. Our 30-year present-day climate
simulations (1980-2010) show that static coupling overestimates 10-m
wind speeds compared to both control AM4 simulations and reanalysis,
particularly over the Southern Ocean (SO) and other midlatitude ocean
regions. Conversely, dynamic coupling corrects the static coupling 10-m
winds biases in the midlatitude regions, resulting in CLUBB simulations
achieving there an excellent agreement with AM4 simulations.
Furthermore, analysis of PBL vertical profiles over the SO reveals that
dynamic coupling reduces downward momentum transport, consistent with
the found wind-speed reductions. Instead, near the tropics, dynamic
coupling results in minimal changes in near-surface wind speeds and
associated turbulent momentum transport structure. Notably, the wind
turning angle serves as a valuable qualitative metric for assessing the
impact of changes in surface momentum flux representation on global
circulation patterns.
Wskaźniki rynkowe a informacje makroekonomiczne na przykładzie przedsiębiorstw przemysłowych
Authors: Kuś Agnieszka , Żurakowska-Sawa Joanna
Published: March 2024

Celem opracowania jest zbadanie liniowych zależności korelacyjnych między wskaźnikami rynkowymi, a wskaźnikami makroekonomicznymi gospodarki państwa. Źródłowe dane do obliczeń pochodzą z kwartalnych jednostkowych sprawozdań finansowych, dostępnych w bazie Notoria Serwis oraz sprawozdań z działalności zarządu zamieszczonych na stronach internetowych spółek. W opracowaniu wykorzystano również informacje zawarte w kwartalnych raportach statystycznych GUS - wskaźniki makroekonomiczne. Zakres badań obejmował okres od 2004 do 2009 roku. (abstrakt oryginalny)
Koszty procesu fiskalnego podatku rolnego na przykładzie gmin wiejskich z województwa małopolskiego
Authors: Gruziel Kinga
Published: March 2024

W artykule podjęto próbę identyfikacji kosztu procesu fiskalnego podatku rolnego na przykładzie gmin wiejskich, położonych na terenie województwa małopolskiego. Kategorie kosztów naliczania i pobierania podatku rolnego. Aby określić koszt podatkowy zastosowanego procesu, oszacować koszty i pobrać dochody podatkowe od tytułu rolnego do tytułu. Przyjęty model określenia stopnia polityki fiskalnej pozwolił ocenić, że podatek rolny w części potwierdza tezę o niskiej polityce fiskalnej w Polsce (ok. 10%). Tylko w gminie nr 2 stawka nie przekroczyła poziomu rygorystyczności fiskalnej wynoszącego 21%. Do czynników zmniejszających efektywność procesu fiskalnego zalicza się m.in. Niskie dochody z podatku rolnego, wydatki na nieruchomości przewidziane prawem korzystają z ulg i zwolnień podatkowych.
Opinie zarządzających spółdzielniami mleczarskimi dotyczące działalności innowacyjnej w aspekcie ryzyka
Authors: Galanek Marta
Published: March 2024

Celem opracowania jest określenie opinii zarządzających spółdzielniami mleczarskimi dotyczących inwestycji innowacyjnych oraz wynikającego z nich ryzyka. Dane empiryczne zostały uzyskane z wykorzystaniem kwestionariusza wywiadu, skierowanego do zarządzających spółdzielniami mleczarskimi. Grupa badawcza wyniosła 20 spółdzielni, położonych w różnych regionach Polski. Spółdzielnie podzielono na trzy grupy za pomocą metody kwartyli. Zostały one uporządkowane rosnąco według następujących kryteriów: wysokości przychodów ze sprzedaży, wielkości skupu mleka oraz średniej ceny skupu mleka. I grupę reprezentuje 25% spółdzielni o najniższych wielkościach w poszczególnych kategoriach grupowania, grupa II to podwojony kwartyl obejmujący 50% spółdzielni o średnim poziomie każdego z przyjętych kryteriów, grupa III to 25% spółdzielni o najwyższym poziomie każdego z przyjętych kryteriów. Badania przeprowadzono w 2010 roku.
Kryzys 2008/2011 podobieństwa i różnice : zachowanie inwestorów na podstawie analizy indeksów zmienności
Authors: Wiśniewski Tomasz
Published: March 2024

Pomiędzy wrześniem 2008 a sierpniem 2011 przez główne giełdy świata przetoczyły się dwie głębokie fale spadków wartości akcji. Jednakże źródło obniżek wartości akcji w każdym z tych przypadków było inne. W 2008 r. kryzys miał swoje korzenie w Stanach Zjednoczonych i wiązał się ze spadkiem zaufania do sektora bankowego, natomiast w 2011 r. źródłem kryzysu były najbardziej zadłużone kraje znajdujące się w tarapatach strefy euro i wpływ tych wydarzeń na gospodarki krajów innych krajów w Europie i na świecie. Analiza wybranych indeksów giełdowych i ich charakterystyki wskazuje, że zdarzenia te miały istotny wpływ na zachowania inwestorów na rynku kapitałowym. Wyniki analizy przeprowadzono w oparciu o zmiany wskaźników zmienności oraz relacje pomiędzy indeksami reprezentującymi wybrane rynki (Stany Zjednoczone, Niemcy i Polska). (tłumaczenie)
Konieczność zmian w podziale terytorialnym gmin
Authors: Walczak Damian
Published: March 2024

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie argumentów w dyskusji na temat konieczności zmian w podziale terytorialnym w Polsce w aspekcie możliwych przekształceń terytorialnych na najniższym szczeblu podziału, czyli gmin. Zapewne zaprezentowane powody zmian stanowią wyłącznie pewną część polemiki w tym zakresie. (fragment tekstu)
Wskaźnik syntetyczny działalności finansowej gmin wiejskich
Authors: Dziekański Paweł
Published: March 2024

Celem opracowania jest ukazanie sytuacji finansowej gmin wiejskich województwa świętokrzyskiego. W opracowaniu wykorzystano wyniki badań gospodarki finansowej gmin z lat 2008-2010. (fragment tekstu)
Zintegrowane zarządzanie efektywnością i ryzykiem na przykładzie banku komercyjnego
Authors: Stola Emilia
Published: March 2024

Celem opracowania jest określenie możliwości wykorzystania zintegrowanego pomiaru oraz zarządzania efektywnością i ryzykiem na przykładzie trzech różnych segmentów klientów w banku komercyjnym, funkcjonującym w polskim sektorze bankowym. Dane dotyczące uzyskanych przychodów i kosztów obejmowały zarówno cały bank, jak i wydzielone trzy segmenty: bankowość detaliczną, małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw (MSP) oraz korporacyjną. Okres analizy obejmował 24 miesiące, począwszy od 01.01.2009 r. (fragment tekstu)
Struktura gospodarstw rolniczych na obszarze Pomorza Środkowego
Authors: Zawadzka Danuta , Strzelecka Agnieszka , Szafraniec-Siluta Ewa
Published: March 2024

Celem pracy jest określenie liczby i struktury gospodarstw rolnych na obszarze Pomorza Środkowego, z uwzględnieniem powierzchni użytków rolnych. Do analizy wykorzystano dane gospodarstw rolnych w Polsce, według województw oraz regionu środkowo-pomorskiego. W badaniu wykorzystano dane publikowane przez Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS). Z przeprowadzonych badań wynika, że w Polsce i na Pomorzu Środkowym zmniejszyła się liczba gospodarstw rolnych. Może to mieć związek z procesem dostosowywania rolnictwa do standardów i wymagań przystąpienia Polski do Unii Europejskiej, a co za tym idzie – specyfiką działalności rolniczej. W województwach pomorskim i zachodniopomorskim zlokalizowanych jest około 5% wszystkich gospodarstw rolnych w Polsce, z czego około 37% znajduje się na Pomorzu Środkowym. Struktura gruntów w gospodarstwach rolnych Pomorza Środkowego odzwierciedla charakterystyczną strukturę gospodarstw rolnych w Polsce. Większą część użytków rolnych stanowią grunty orne. (tłumaczenie)
Ekologiczno-gospodarcze zagrożenia w rolnictwie
Authors: Nyesvyetov Oleksandr , Nyesvyetova Svitlana
Published: March 2024

W artykule poruszono problem wprowadzenia zasad zrównoważonego użytkowania gruntów jako elementu zrównoważonego rozwoju na Ukrainie oraz zapobiegania zagrożeniom środowiskowym i ekonomicznym w rolnictwie poprzez podejmowanie racjonalnych decyzji. Zrównoważony rozwój obejmuje trzy główne komponenty – gospodarczy, środowiskowy i społeczny. Kierownicy przedsiębiorstw i kierownicy gospodarstw rolnych największą uwagę zwracają na komponent ekonomiczny, natomiast społeczny rozpatrywany jest z perspektywy efektywnego tworzenia infrastruktury wiejskiej i zaspokajania potrzeb społecznych. Komponent środowiskowy pozostaje poza uwagą menedżerów. Powodem jest niewystarczające finansowanie gmin wiejskich i przedsiębiorstw rolniczych. Rolnicy mają odpowiadać za tworzenie korzystnych warunków środowiskowych i choć obszar Ukrainy charakteryzuje się znaczną aktywnością antropologiczną, to przesłanki zrównoważonego rozwoju i zrównoważonego użytkowania gruntów są dość sprzyjające, co powoduje konieczność opracowania mechanizmu gospodarowania zasobami ziemi poprzez podejmowanie racjonalnych decyzji usprawniających produkcję rolną. Właściwym instrumentem skutecznych rozwiązań w tym przypadku może być ocena ekonomiczna gruntów oraz wskaźnik zrównoważonego użytkowania gruntów. Połączone umożliwiają podejmowanie racjonalnych decyzji. (tłumaczenie)
Przyczyny finansowania terenów zieleni przez jednostki samorządu terytorialnego
Authors: Malesa Krystian
Published: March 2024

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie przyczyn oraz sposobu finansowania terenów zieleni w jednostkach samorządu terytorialnego na przykładzie miasta stołecznego Warszawy. Pierwszym zadaniem badawczym jest przedstawienie aspektów teoretycznych związanych z zaliczaniem terenów zieleni do dóbr publicznych. Drugie zadanie to przedstawienie organizacji finansowania terenów zieleni na przykładzie miasta stołecznego Warszawy w latach 2008-2012. (fragment tekstu)
Efektywność wykorzystania czynników produkcji w zależności od wielkości ekonomicznej gospodarstw rolniczych
Authors: Felczak Tomasz , Domańska Teresa
Published: March 2024

W pracy określono, jak zmienia się wykorzystanie czynników produkcji w towarowych gospodarstwach rolnych województwa mazowieckiego i podlaskiego w zależności od wielkości gospodarki. Zwiększała się powierzchnia użytków rolnych w gospodarstwach domowych, niezależnie od wielkości ekonomicznej. Wraz ze wzrostem siły ekonomicznej gospodarstw rolnych poprawiała się efektywność wykorzystania czynników produkcji. Zwiększona skala produkcji przyczyniła się do poprawy rentowności i opłacalności pracy ludzkiej. Wysoki poziom siły ekonomicznej doprowadził do bardziej stabilnej efektywności wykorzystania czynników produkcji. (Tłumaczenie)
System dopłat w grach hazardowych
Authors: Skłodowski Ireneusz
Published: March 2024

W artykule omówiono system dopłat w grach hazardowych. Omówiono prawne i ekonomiczne aspekty dopłat do gier prowadzonych przez spółki państwowe. Pokazano skutki i implikacje rozszerzenia dopłat na przedsiębiorców prywatnych. Badano okres 2003-2008. Wysokość dopłat uzależniona jest od dochodów z loterii i gier hazardowych. Osiągnięte przychody w wysokości 3,8 mld zł przeznaczono na cele specjalne: sport i kulturę. Spółki prywatne generują dodatkowe przychody na poziomie 1,38 mld zł.
Newly discovered remains of medieval frescoes in the Treskavac Monastery
Authors: Cvetkovski Saso
Published: March 2024

This paper brings identifications of the newly discovered 14th-century
frescoes from the southern aisle of the Treskavac Monastery catholicon. It
examines the iconography of the holy warriors and holy hymnographers, as
well as the Vision of St. Peter of Alexandria, and the scenes and individual
figures from the Menologion cycle for the months of January and May.
The elevation of st. Sava to the dignity of archimandrite: a chronology
Authors: Pirivatric Srdjan
Published: March 2024

Drawing on the descriptions of the elevation of St. Sava to the dignity of
archimandrite in his earliest vitae by Domentijan and Teodosije and other
relevant information from various sources, the paper proposes a new
chronology of this event, which differs from earlier solutions.
Las necesidades sociales y académicas de los estudiantes de bachillerato en un entorno de la modalidad híbrida
Authors: Navarrete Radilla María Ysabel , De la Paz Sánchez Jemima Asareel
Published: March 2024

Son claros los nuevos retos pospandemia que ha tenido el Estado en general y las instituciones educativas en particular para mitigar la enorme brecha educativa y digital, la cual ha sido consecuencia natural de una desigualdad social en materia económica. No será posible avanzar en la implementación de un modelo educativo híbrido si primero no se solucionan problemas y necesidades básicas, como es el caso de México, donde 32.6 % de las escuelas básicas se encuentran en comunidades rurales. De hecho, en el caso concreto del estado de Guerrero, solo 47.1 % de los hogares cuenta con servicio de internet. Varias investigaciones han resaltado la importancia de la modalidad híbrida para mejorar la calidad en el aprendizaje y potenciar la autonomía del estudiante, pero también han reconocido que el analfabetismo digital y el rol pasivo del estudiante han llevado a desalentar el aprovechamiento que la tecnología ofrece. Por tanto, y considerando que la modalidad híbrida para las escuelas se generalizará en un futuro muy cercano, surge la siguiente pregunta de investigación: ¿cuáles son las condiciones en las que se encuentran los estudiantes de dos escuelas públicas para adaptarse a esta nueva modalidad?

En concreto, la investigación fue cualitativa-fenomenológica, y se realizaron entrevistas a quince estudiantes a partir de una pregunta generadora. Los datos se analizaron apoyados de la teoría fundamentada, para lo cual se crearon grupos de códigos en el Atlas.ti v23. Se encontró que la brecha digital es el resultado de los problemas económicos y del alfabetismo digital. Además, es de suma importancia tomar en cuenta que tanto docentes como estudiantes continúan con prácticas tradicionales, lo que lleva a estos últimos, principalmente, a adoptar un rol de dependencia y pasividad.
ARCHITECTURAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXPLORATION AT THE STAROSTA CASTLE IN GALICIA
Authors: Lukomski Yuriy
Published: March 2024

The article introduces the materials of the architectural and archaeological cross-section of the defensive ditch of the Starostyn castle of the 14th - 18th centuries in the town of Halych, Ivano-Frankivsk region. The stratigraphy of the exploration trench is described in detail. Among the discovered immovable objects are a rampart embankment, a two-row palisade, the remains of an internal paving, the foundations of the defensive walls of a log-frame wooden and earthen structure, a stone wall with a drainage hole. The chronology of the archaeological complexes is based on relatively narrowly dated movable artefacts: sleeved crossbow arrowheads of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries; bowl- and pot-shaped tiles of the fifteenth century; fragments of household ceramics, box tiles, and Gothic block bricks of the sixteenth century. Architectural details, building ceramics, iron and glass products of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries; as well as materials of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Finds from the princely period of the eleventh and first half of the fourteenth century and the early Iron Age of the sixteenth century BC were found in a redeposited state. The study of Starostynskyi Castle in the historical aspect makes it possible to identify seven specific construction periods of late medieval and early modern fortifications in the stratigraphic column. On the basis of the results of architectural and archaeological research, a number of hypothetical reconstructions of the development of wooden, earthwork and stone fortifications of the southern spine of Starostyn castle were made. The analysis of stratigraphic sections and the general urban situation prompts the author to put forward a hypothesis about the possible location of the entrance to the castle in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. The archaeological reconnaissance crossing of the fortification line demonstrates a complex and still poorly understood history of the development of the Galician castle fortifications on the Dniester. It shows a promising prospect for both further thorough archaeological research and thoughtful preservation and use of the architectural and archaeological heritage of the unique complex in the future.
DISCOVERY OF TRACES OF HISTORICAL FORTIFICATIONS IN THE PLANNING STRUCTURE OF SMT ZOLOCHEY
Authors: Vitchenko Denys
Published: March 2024

The article consistently reveals the discovery of traces of historical fortifications in the modern planning structure of the Zolochiv in the Kharkiv region and the study of the planning that was formed during the existence of the fortress. The purpose of the study is to supplement knowledge about the cultural and historical potential of a populated place at the present stage of development and its modern recreational use. For this purpose, the results of a study of bibliographic and archival sources (historical descriptions and cartographic and iconographic materials are presented), a field study of the central part of the village to identify traces of ancient fortifications are presented. The article provides data on the latest scientific publications of historians and architects on research issues. Based on the historical and urban planning analysis of the formation of Zolochev, its planning and spatial structure, retrospective schemes of the most significant stages in the development of Zolochev were made. There are 5 such stages: before 1683, before 1784, after 1787, in 1910 and at the end of the 20th century. The first 3 periods of development of a populated place are directly related to the existence of a settlement surrounded by fortifications of a defensive and administrative nature. Since the 19th century the planning structure laid down by the plan of 1787 is generally preserved, but the defensive rampart is completely lost, falling under construction. Buildings on the left bank are growing, by the quarters of the end of the XVIII century. new ones are added from the south, north and east, continuing the preliminary layout scheme. Historically, the territory of the city in the 17th - 18th century was regulated by ramparts, ditches and main roads coming out of it in two directions. Shafts and ditches have not survived to the present, but influenced the layout of the streets of the modern village. Earth ramparts of the fortress of the XVII century. and 1787 were destroyed in the 19th century. Remains of defensive ramparts of the 17th century. traced in the form of elongated elevations along modern streets. The planning grid of mutually perpendicular streets of the former settlement of Dovgalovka and the fan-shaped layout of the streets of the settlement of Aksenovka have been preserved. The results of the study of cultural heritage can be used to increase the level of attractiveness of existing recreational resources through a fragmentary restoration recomposition of wooden fortifications of the 17th century.