bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INFLUÊNCIA DO TIPO DE ORDENHA E DO ARMAZENAMENTO DO LEITE SOBRE A COMPOSIÇÃO QUÍMICA, CONTAGEM DE CÉLULAS SOMÁTICAS E CONTAGEM BACTERIANA TOTAL
Authors: Peixoto Aline Leite , Da Silva Marco Antônio Pereira , De Morais Letícia Aparecida , Silva Felipe Rocha , Do Carmo Ruthele Moraes , Lage Moacir Evandro
Published: March 2017

A refrigeração do leite e a utilização de ordenhadeiras mecânicas são de suma importância para obtenção de leite de acordo com os padrões de qualidade. Objetivou-se avaliar a influência do tipo de ordenha e do armazenamento sobre a qualidade do leite refrigerado. Foram coletadas 1363 amostras de leite refrigerado armazenado em tanques de expansão individual ou coletivo, de animais ordenhados manualmente e mecanicamente. O experimento foi realizado em esquema fatorial 2 x 2, dois tipos de tanques de expansão (individual e coletivo) e dois tipos de ordenha (manual e mecânica). Empregou-se o delineamento inteiramente ao acaso. Para comparação das médias empregou-se o software Sisvar e o teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Os teores de gordura, proteína, lactose e ESD (extrato seco desengordurado), avaliados de acordo com o tipo de ordenha e tipo de armazenamento do leite, foram maiores se comparados aos valores estabelecidos pelo Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento. O teor de gordura do leite foi maior em amostras com CCS (contagem de células somáticas) acima de 501 mil CS/mL, porém os teores de proteína e de extrato seco desengordurado foram maiores em amostras com CCS abaixo de 500 mil CS/mL. O tipo de ordenha e tipo de armazenamento tem influencia sobre as características de qualidade do leite como teores de gordura, proteína, lactose e CCS. A composição química do leite apresentou-se de acordo com os valores estabelecidos pela legislação brasileira. A CBT (contagem bacteriana total) não variou com o armazenamento e o tipo de ordenha.
An advanced glycation endproduct (AGE)‐rich diet promotes accumulation of AGEs in Achilles tendon
Authors: Skovgaard Dorthe , Svensson Rene B. , Scheijen Jean , Eliasson Pernilla , Mogensen Pernille , Hag Anne Mette F. , Kjær Michael , Schalkwijk Casper G. , Schjerling Peter , Magnusson Stig P. , Couppé Christian
Published: March 2017

Advanced Glycation Endproducts (AGEs) accumulate in long‐lived tissue proteins like collagen in bone and tendon causing modification of the biomechanical properties. This has been hypothesized to raise the risk of orthopedic injury such as bone fractures and tendon ruptures. We evaluated the relationship between AGE content in the diet and accumulation of AGEs in weight‐bearing animal Achilles tendon. Two groups of mice (C57BL/6Ntac) were fed with either high‐fat diet low in AGEs high‐fat diet (HFD) (n = 14) or normal diet high in AGEs (ND) (n = 11). AGE content in ND was six to 50‐fold higher than HFD. The mice were sacrificed at week 40 and Achilles and tail tendons were carefully excised to compare weight and nonweight‐bearing tendons. The amount of the AGEs carboxymethyllysine (CML), methylglyoxal‐derived hydroimidazolone (MG‐H1) and carboxyethyllysine (CEL) in Achilles and tail tendon was measured using ultraperformance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS/MS) and pentosidine with high‐pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescent detection. AGEs in Achilles tendon were higher than in tail tendon for CML (P < 0.0001), CEL (P < 0.0001), MG‐H1 and pentosidine (for both ND and HFD) (P < 0.0001). The AGE‐rich diet (ND) resulted in an increase in CML (P < 0.0001), MG‐H1 (P < 0.001) and pentosidine (P < 0.0001) but not CEL, in Achilles and tail tendon. This is the first study to provide evidence for AGE accumulation in injury‐prone, weight‐bearing Achilles tendon associated with intake of an AGE‐rich diet. This indicates that food‐derived AGEs may alter tendon properties and the development of tendon injuries.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy reduces renal lactate production
Authors: Nørlinger Thomas S. , Nielsen Per Mose , Qi Haiyun , Mikkelsen Emmeli , Hansen Kasper , Schmidt Nikolaj H. , Pedersen Michael , Agger Peter , Palm Fredrik , Laustsen Christoffer
Published: March 2017

Intrarenal hypoxia is an acknowledged factor contributing to the development of diabetic nephropathy. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy is a well‐known adjuvant treatment for several medical conditions, such as decompression sickness, infections, and wound healing. The underlying metabolic response of HBO is largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of HBO on the intrarenal metabolic alteration in diabetes. Hyperpolarized [1‐13C]pyruvate MRI was performed to assess intrarenal energy metabolism in normoglycemic controls and short‐term (2 weeks) streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats with and without HBO for five consecutive days. HBO therapy blunted intrarenal lactate production, 3 days after the therapy, in both normoglycemic controls and diabetic rats without affecting either lactate dehydrogenase mRNA expression or activity. HBO therapy reduced lactate formation in both normoglycemic and hyperglycemic rats. These findings support hyperpolarized [1‐13C]pyruvate MRI as a novel method for monitoring HBO therapy via the pyruvate to lactate conversion.
Bobath and traditional approaches in post-stroke gait rehabilitation in adults
Authors: Mikołajewska Emilia
Published: March 2017

Study aim: The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of a study of post-stroke gait reeducation using the Bobath neuro‑developmental treatment (NDT-Bobath) method and the traditional approach.

Material and methods: The study included 30 adult patients after ischemic stroke, aged 32-82. Patients were randomly assigned to one of the treatment groups: the study group (treated with the NDT-Bobath method combined with the traditional approach, ten sessions), and a reference group (treated with the traditional method only, ten sessions). The measurements (spatio-temporal gait parameters based on 10 m walking test: gait velocity, normalized gait velocity, cadence, normalized cadence, stride length, and normalized stride length) were administered twice: on admission (before the therapy) and after the last therapy session.

Results: Statistically significant and favorable changes in the gait velocity, cadence and stride length regarding their normalized values were observed. Moderate and high correlations among changes of assessed spatio-temporal gait parameters were observed in both groups.

Conclusions: The NDT-Bobath method may be regarded as a more effective form of gait post-stroke rehabilitation in young adults compared to traditional rehabilitation.
The Role of Knowledge Acquisition in a Company – Research Results from German and Polish Manufacturing Companies
Authors: Patalas-Maliszewska Justyna , Śliwa Małgorzata
Published: March 2017

This article elaborates the authors’ method for tacit knowledge acquisition focused on a research and development department in a manufacturing company. It presents a case study of the use of concepts for tacit knowledge acquisition and is based on a survey and data obtained from 85 Polish and German Manufacturing Companies from the cross-border cooperation region of Lubuskie/Poland – Brandenburg/Germany. This article develops a framework of tacit knowledge acquisition in a manufacturing company and further discusses the research results.
Regulation of Alcohol Extinction and Cue-Induced Reinstatement by Specific Projections among Medial Prefrontal Cortex, Nucleus Accumbens, and Basolateral Amygdala
Authors: Keistler Colby R. , Hammarlund Emma , Barker Jacqueline M. , Bond Colin W. , DiLeone Ralph J. , Pittenger Christopher , Taylor Jane R.
Published: March 2017

The ability to inhibit drinking is a significant challenge for recovering alcoholics, especially in the presence of alcohol-associated cues. Previous studies have demonstrated that the regulation of cue-guided alcohol seeking is mediated by the basolateral amygdala (BLA), nucleus accumbens (NAc), and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). However, given the high interconnectivity between these structures, it is unclear how mPFC projections to each subcortical structure, as well as projections between BLA and NAc, mediate alcohol-seeking behaviors. Here, we evaluate how cortico-striatal, cortico-amygdalar, and amygdalo-striatal projections control extinction and relapse in a rat model of alcohol seeking. Specifically, we used a combinatorial viral technique to express diphtheria toxin receptors in specific neuron populations based on their projection targets. We then used this strategy to create directionally selective ablations of three distinct pathways after acquisition of ethanol self-administration but before extinction and reinstatement. We demonstrate that ablation of mPFC neurons projecting to NAc, but not BLA, blocks cue-induced reinstatement of alcohol seeking and neither pathway is necessary for extinction of responding. Further, we show that ablating BLA neurons that project to NAc disrupts extinction of alcohol approach behaviors and attenuates reinstatement. Together, these data provide evidence that the mPFC→NAc pathway is necessary for cue-induced reinstatement of alcohol seeking, expand our understanding of how the BLA→NAc pathway regulates alcohol behavior, and introduce a new methodology for the manipulation of target-specific neural projections.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe vast majority of recovering alcoholics will relapse at least once and understanding how the brain regulates relapse will be key to developing more effective behavior and pharmacological therapies for alcoholism. Given the high interconnectivity of cortical, striatal, and limbic structures that regulate alcohol intake, it has been difficult to disentangle how separate projections between them may control different aspects of these complex behaviors. Here, we demonstrate a new approach for noninvasively ablating each of these pathways and testing their necessity for both extinction and relapse. We show that inputs to the nucleus accumbens from medial prefrontal cortex and amygdala regulate alcohol-seeking behaviors differentially, adding to our understanding of the neural control of alcoholism.
Immigrant Labor, Food Politics: A Dialogue between the Authors of Four Recent Books about the Food System
Authors: Gray Margaret , Horton Sarah , Ribas Vanesa , Stuesse Angela
Published: March 2017

This dialogue serves as a forum for four authors of recent books on food politics to discuss their different approaches to analyzing immigrant workers' contested and changing roles in the U.S. food system. Bridging disciplines such as anthropology, sociology, and political science—and sites in the food industry ranging from poultry processing plants, slaughterhouses, and industrial agribusiness to organic farms—the authors address a consistent set of questions: What does the increase in immigrant workers in the food industry tell us about our food system, and how do immigration and labor policies facilitate employers' exploitation of all workers' vulnerabilities? What are viable models for change, and what role can scholars play in creating an ethic of responsible consumption that incorporates labor concerns? By contributing fresh perspectives on immigrants' hidden work in plants, slaughterhouses, and farms, the authors illuminate the factors that divide workers and obscure the human costs of how we make our food.
Modern Chinese History as Reflected in a Teahouse Mirror
Authors: Phillips Carolyn
Published: March 2017

Food and culture are inextricably intertwined in China, and perhaps nowhere more so than in Cantonese teahouses and their dim sum. Books, journals, photographs, and chronicles can tell us much about what life was like between 1880 and 1949 as Guangdong Province began to modernize. But perhaps even more fascinating is the way in which those massive changes were echoed in the teahouses and snacks of its capital city, Guangzhou. For, in addition to being delectable tidbits, dim sum can provide intriguing clues to the country's migration patterns, regional cuisines, various ethnicities, and foreign influences. Echoes of China's past have somehow managed to be ensconced within these dainty morsels, making a dim sum brunch an excellent opportunity not only to dine exceedingly well, but also to understand a city's fascinating modern history during seventy tumultuous years.
let‐7 regulates radial migration of new‐born neurons through positive regulation of autophagy
Authors: Petri Rebecca , Pircs Karolina , Jönsson Marie E , Åkerblom Malin , Brattås Per Ludvik , Klussendorf Thies , Jakobsson Johan
Published: March 2017

During adult neurogenesis, newly formed olfactory bulb (OB) interneurons migrate radially to integrate into specific layers of the OB. Despite the importance of this process, the intracellular mechanisms that regulate radial migration remain poorly understood. Here, we find that microRNA (miRNA) let‐7 regulates radial migration by modulating autophagy in new‐born neurons. Using Argonaute2 immunoprecipitation, we performed global profiling of miRNAs in adult‐born OB neurons and identified let‐7 as a highly abundant miRNA family. Knockdown of let‐7 in migrating neuroblasts prevented radial migration and led to an immature morphology of newly formed interneurons. This phenotype was accompanied by a decrease in autophagic activity. Overexpression of Beclin‐1 or TFEB in new‐born neurons lacking let‐7 resulted in re‐activation of autophagy and restored radial migration. Thus, these results reveal a miRNA‐dependent link between autophagy and adult neurogenesis with implications for neurodegenerative diseases where these processes are impaired.
Molecular mechanism of mRNA repression in trans by a ProQ‐dependent small RNA
Authors: Smirnov Alexandre , Wang Chuan , Drewry Lisa L , Vogel Jörg
Published: March 2017

Research into post‐transcriptional control of mRNAs by small noncoding RNAs (sRNAs) in the model bacteria Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica has mainly focused on sRNAs that associate with the RNA chaperone Hfq. However, the recent discovery of the protein ProQ as a common binding partner that stabilizes a distinct large class of structured sRNAs suggests that additional RNA regulons exist in these organisms. The cellular functions and molecular mechanisms of these new ProQ‐dependent sRNAs are largely unknown. Here, we report in Salmonella Typhimurium the mode‐of‐action of RaiZ, a ProQ‐dependent sRNA that is made from the 3′ end of the mRNA encoding ribosome‐inactivating protein RaiA. We show that RaiZ is a base‐pairing sRNA that represses in trans the mRNA of histone‐like protein HU‐α. RaiZ forms an RNA duplex with the ribosome‐binding site of hupA mRNA, facilitated by ProQ, to prevent 30S ribosome loading and protein synthesis of HU‐α. Similarities and differences between ProQ‐ and Hfq‐mediated regulation will be discussed.
Care of girls and women with Turner syndrome: beyond growth and hormones
Authors: Culen Caroline , Ertl Diana-Alexandra , Schubert Katharina , Bartha-Doering Lisa , Haeusler Gabriele
Published: March 2017

Turner syndrome (TS), although considered a rare disease, is the most common sex chromosome abnormality in women, with an incident of 1 in 2500 female births. TS is characterized by distinctive physical features such as short stature, ovarian dysgenesis, an increased risk for heart and renal defects as well as a specific cognitive and psychosocial phenotype. Given the complexity of the condition, patients face manifold difficulties which increase over the lifespan. Furthermore, failures during the transitional phase to adult care result in moderate health outcomes and decreased quality of life. Guidelines on the optimal screening procedures and medical treatment are easy to find. However, recommendations for the treatment of the incriminating psychosocial aspects in TS are scarce. In this work, we first reviewed the literature on the cognitive and psychosocial development of girls with TS compared with normal development, from disclosure to young adulthood, and then introduce a psychosocial approach to counseling and treating patients with TS, including recommendations for age-appropriate psychological diagnostics. With this work, we aim to facilitate the integration of emphasized psychosocial care in state-of-the-art treatment for girls and women with TS.
Variability in Very Preterm Stillbirth and In-Hospital Mortality Across Europe
Authors: Draper Elizabeth S. , Manktelow Bradley N. , Cuttini Marina , Maier Rolf F. , Fenton Alan C. , Van Reempts Patrick , Bonamy Anna-Karin , Mazela Jan , Bᴓrch Klaus , Koopman-Esseboom Corinne , Varendi Heili , Barros Henrique , Zeitlin Jennifer J. ,   on behalf of the EPICE Cohort
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

Stillbirth and in-hospital mortality rates associated with very preterm births (VPT) vary widely across Europe. International comparisons are complicated by a lack of standardized data collection and differences in definitions, registration, and reporting. This study aims to determine what proportion of the variation in stillbirth and in-hospital VPT mortality rates persists after adjusting for population demographics, case-mix, and timing of death.

METHODS:

Standardized data collection for a geographically defined prospective cohort of VPTs (22+0–31+6 weeks gestation) across 16 regions in Europe. Crude and adjusted stillbirth and in-hospital mortality rates for VPT infants were calculated by time of death by using multinomial logistic regression models.

RESULTS:

The stillbirth and in-hospital mortality rate for VPTs was 27.7% (range, 19.9%–35.9% by region). Adjusting for maternal and pregnancy characteristics had little impact on the variation. The addition of infant characteristics reduced the variation of mortality rates by approximately one-fifth (4.8% to 3.9%). The SD for deaths <12 hours after birth was reduced by one-quarter, but did not change after risk adjustment for deaths ≥12 hours after birth.

CONCLUSIONS:

In terms of the regional variation in overall VPT mortality, over four-fifths of the variation could not be accounted for by maternal, pregnancy, and infant characteristics. Investigation of the timing of death showed that these characteristics only accounted for a small proportion of the variation in VPT deaths. These findings suggest that there may be an inequity in the quality of care provision and treatment of VPT infants across Europe.
Consumo cultural del teatro en la ciudad de Bayamo. Una preocupación institucional en el contexto sociocultural actual
Authors: Gómez Susell Gómez , Madrigal León Diurkis Y. , Barrios Hechaverría Donnaivis
Published: March 2017

El presente estudio ubica un novedoso tema en el mundo del consumo cultural. El objetivo propicia comprender el tratamiento de la dinámica del consumo teatral siguiendo el punto de vista de los funcionarios del Consejo Provincial de Artes Escénicas, actores y directores que forman parte de las diferentes instituciones teatrales de la ciudad de Bayamo. El trabajo prioriza un abordaje metodológico desde la triangulación investigativa por datos, informantes, métodos y técnicas, tales como la observación científica y entrevistas semiestructuradas. Los resultados develan la presencia de dificultades en la gestión institucional que interfieren de forma negativa en el consumo teatral, se destacan elementos como la programación, divulgación, calidad y producción de las puestas escénicas. En otro orden de implicaciones, se acentúa una realidad que pertenece al contexto sociocultural de la ciudad, se constanta la pertinencia de posicionamientos culturales implícitos en el modo de vida que incluye aspectos conductuales, hábitos, normas, costumbres vinculados con la idiosincrasia de su gente. De forma particular las implicaciones socioculturales son aspectos influyentes en el accionar cotidiano, vinculado con la realidad vivencial de los actores sociales, sus orígenes, tradiciones y particularidades de vida que conformadas históricamente confluyen en las peculiaridades del bayamés de hoy.
“Travesía lunar, un cuerpo expandido” Desarrollo de un proyecto artístico sobre etapas del cuerpo femenino, imágenes arcaicas y espacio ritual
Authors: Marín Villegas Adela
Published: March 2017

Esta reflexión es el producto de una investigación que ha venido generándose durante varios años, a lo largo de mi creación artística. Partiendo inicialmente del proyecto de graduación de mi Maestría “La Ruta de la Luna” (2007), donde se establece una indagación teórico-práctica que involucra el diseño del espacio y la imagen; vinculada a los ciclos  vitales del cuerpo femenino como eje motivador, que se concreta en una instalación. Y que ha sido la base conceptual para otras investigaciones creativas posteriores.El presente texto da una nueva mirada, que se concentra mayormente en la vinculación del cuerpo a simbolismos femeninos arcaicos o arquetípicos, el inconsciente colectivo, el pensamiento mágico religioso, el mito y el rito. Partiendo de las teorías de Carl Jung, las investigaciones de Mircea Eliade, el ordenamiento de los regímenes diurno y nocturno de Gilbert Duran, referencias de artistas precursoras del arte feminista, entre otros.Todo esto para crear un corpus teórico de referencia para la elaboración conceptual, la implementación y el análisis de esta creación artística particular.
La danza como dispositivo de resistencia: una exploración desde Danza Universitaria
Authors: Bejarano María José
Published: March 2017

Se presenta una sistematización y revisión de los talleres de movimiento realizados por la Compañía de Danza Universitaria en el Recinto de Golfito de la  Universidad de Costa Rica durante los años 2013-2014. Se utilizaron las técnicas cualitativas de entrevista, cuestionario y análisis de video. Los resultados muestran una intervención interesante que convocó el imaginario social de la comunidad, transgrediendo prohibiciones heredadas de la dinámica sociopolítica de la United Fruit Company, que ocupó este territorio durante el siglo XX. Se analiza la experiencia a la luz de conceptos de geografía humana, así como desde el enfoque de la antropología del cuerpo para proponer posibles alcances políticos de la danza como dispositivo de resistencia con raíz en las corporalidades.
El legado de Marta Traba: Reflexiones teóricas en torno a la creación artística en América Latina 1983-2003
Authors: Montiel-Muñoz Angie Gloriela
Published: March 2017

El 27 de noviembre de 1983, los ojos sagaces e impetuosos de una de las críticas y teóricas más importantes del arte en América Latina se cerraron repentinamente; sin embargo, sus ideas continúan latentes con un poder tal vez aún mayor para explicar dialécticamente las dinámicas del arte como parte de la sociedad. Es esta perspectiva la que guía el presente artículo, al exponer una relectura de la obra de Marta Traba y la vigencia de su pensamiento, propuesta que parte del abordaje de cuatro ejes fundamentales de su teoría: la estética del deterioro, la cultura de la resistencia, las dinámicas de centro-periferia y las categorías de áreas abiertas y áreas cerradas. Este abordaje analítico y sistemático es acompañado de una serie de reflexiones teóricas respecto a la creación artística en América Latina, entre los años 1983-2003.
La imagen en función de la palabra: Estudio de la gráfica de las portadas para Cien años de soledad de Gabriel García Márquez
Authors: Pérez Karen
Published: March 2017

A nivel de gráfica editorial el acercamiento a Cien años de soledad ha sido amplio. Existen muchas ediciones del libro por parte de distintas casas editoriales y se ha publicado en más de 30 idiomas. Al ser el abanico de representaciones tan variado resulta enriquecedor el estudio. Las portadas tienen una función, además de estética, publicitaria, valiéndose de la imagen y del texto para llamar la atención. Al estudiar estas imágenes se llega a notar que existen temáticas recurrentes entre los diseños, las cuales pueden tener diferentes acercamientos técnicos. Es importante realizar el análisis de la simbología, tanto de elementos de la imagen como del color, ya que es por medio de esto que se tiende a remitir al contenido de la obra, el cual no es escaso en descripciones y elementos fantásticos.
La visualidad de las galerías urbanas a través de un cuento de Julio Cortázar
Authors: Aparecida Taboza María
Published: March 2017

Para dar a conocer los misterios de la ciudad, en la obra de Julio Cortázar, se analiza el cuento “El otro cielo” (Todos los fuegos el fuego, 1982), en el que la galería arquitectónica (o el paseo urbano) constituyen para el paseante un dispositivo de la visualidad. Nuestro objetivo es discutir acerca del tipo de visualidad que esta infraestructura arquitectónica (inventada en el siglo XIX pero que persiste, hasta nuestros días, en el contexto de las ciudades modernas) instaura en el relato de Cortázar. Los escritos de WalterBenjamin sobre la ciudad de París en el siglo XIX que iluminan la discusión.
Perspectivas de la sustentabilidad: teoría y campos de análisis
Authors: Martínez Castillo Róger , Martínez Chaves Daniel
Published: March 2017

El desarrollo convencional lleva hacia una crisis general, por el uso y abuso de los ecosistemas y generación de problemas sociales, debido a su estilo de vida mercado-céntrico. Por lo tanto, la sociedad debe replantear las relaciones humanas mismas y estas con la biosfera, de ahí la importancia del gran desafío y esfuerzos de conservación. Es necesaria la caracterización del proceso requerido, para lo cual se enfatiza que no es lo mismo sostenible que sustentable. La sustentabilidad se refiere a la capacidad del sistema para mantener su productividad estable a pesar de las perturbaciones económicas y naturales, externas o internas. El desarrollo sustentable se fundamenta en principios éticos, como el respeto al proceso de regeneración de los ciclos naturales, valores políticos, como la democracia participativa y equidad social, y normas de comportamiento y conductas morales, como la racionalidad ambiental. El desarrollo sustentable es descentralizado y autogestionario, capaz de satisfacer las necesidades básicas de la población, respetar la diversidad cultural y mejorar la calidad de vida, sin degradar el ciclo natural.
Przesłanki kształtowania wysokości minimalnego wieku emerytalnego
Authors: Jedynak Tomasz
Published: March 2017

The study examines the principles of determining the minimum retirement age as one of the primary parameters of retirement systems. The main purpose of the article is to contribute the following to the ongoing debate on the official retirement age: methodical considerations, historical perspective and critical analysis of arguments which are put forward within the context of rising and equalising retirement age for women and men. Based on a review of the literature, epistemological considerations and also drawing on the latest empirical data, the role of the retirement age in modern old-age security systems was analysed. The arguments formulated for raising and equalising the retirement age for men and women are also discussed. The thesis proper of the paper is that the current socio-economic changes prompt the need to modify the previous approach to the age at which individuals end their professional activity. The analysis presented in the paper justifies this contention. However, the changes to the previous approach cannot be arbitrary, isolated from complex social policy or realise only short-term political goals.
Parkinson’s disease – 200 years: the outstanding contribution of “Old Hubert”
Authors: Teive Hélio A. G. , Munhoz Renato P. , Lees Andrew J.
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT Two hundred years after the publication, of “An Essay on the Shaking Palsy”, this indisputable landmark in our understanding of the nature of Parkinson’s disease still remains. What is frequently overlooked, however, is the originality of James Parkinson’s ideas about how clinical observations could be segregated into diagnostic entities. Parkinson was a surgeon apothecary with wide ranging interests outside medicine including geology and paleontology. He was also a strong campaigner for social change and a political pamphleteer, writing under the nom de plume of “Old Hubert”.
Malignant multiple sclerosis: clinical and demographic prognostic factors
Authors: Hampshire-Araújo Fabrício , Bergmann Anke , Alvarenga Regina Maria Papais , Vasconcelos Cláudia Cristina Ferreira
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT Patients with malignant multiple sclerosis (MMS) reach a significant level of disability within a short period of time (Expanded Disability Status Scale score of 6 within five years). The clinical profile and progression of the disease were analyzed in a Brazilian cohort of 293 patients. Twenty-five (8,53%) patients were found to have MMS and were compared with the remaining 268 (91,47%). Women, non-white patients, older age at disease onset, shorter intervals between the first attacks, and more attacks in the first two years of the disease were all more common in the MMS group. These findings could serve as prognostic factors when making therapeutic decisions.
Estrogen receptor-alpha gene XbaI A > G polymorphism influences short-term cognitive decline in healthy oldest-old individuals
Authors: Chaves Amanda Caroline Silva , Fraga Vanessa Gomes , Guimarães Henrique Cerqueira , Teixeira Antonio Lucio , Barbosa Maira Tonidandel , Carvalho Maria das Graças , Mota Ana Paula Lucas , Silva Ieda de Fátima Oliveira , Caramelli Paulo , Gomes Karina Braga , Alpoim Patrícia Nessralla
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT This prospective study aimed to evaluate the influence of the -351A/G XbaI polymorphism in the estrogen receptor-alpha (ESR-1) gene on global cognitive scores of a community sample of healthy oldest-old individuals within one year of follow up. Methods The individuals were categorized in two groups according to the presence or absence of cognitive decline. Cognitive data were related to genetic information. Results The XbaI -351 AA genotype was more common among cognitive decliners, while -351G allele carriers showed cognitive stability or improvement. Conclusion These results suggest that ESR-1 could be associated with one-year cognitive decline in healthy oldest-old individuals, since the estrogen pathway may be involved with neuroprotection, even in healthy brain aging.
Reproducibility and interobserver agreement of the R.E.N.A.L. nephrometry score: focus on imaging features
Authors: Vilaseca Richard Mast , Westphalen Antonio Carlos , Reis Henrique Ferreira , Zogbi Orlando Salomão , Silva Gyl Eanes , Reis Rodolfo Borges dos , Muglia Valdair Francisco
Published: March 2017

Abstract Objective: To investigate the reproducibility and interobserver agreement for R.E.N.A.L. nephrometry scoring system. Materials and Methods: Two independent radiologists retrospectively analyzed 46 consecutive patients with renal masses, between 2008 and 2012, using the R.E.N.A.L. nephrometry score (RENAL-NS), which is based on the evaluation of five anatomical features of the tumor, as evaluated with computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging: Radius, Exophytic/endophytic properties, Nearness to the collecting system, Anterior or posterior descriptor, and Location relative to the polar line. Tumor complexity was graded as low, intermediate, or high. The interobserver agreement was calculated for the total score and for the score for each parameter. Surgical excision of the tumors was used as the standard of reference. Results: The interobserver agreement for each of the RENAL-NS parameters, respectively, a hilar location, and the total score was 98%, 80%, 100%, 89%, 85%, 89%, and 93% of patients, corresponding to kappa values of 0.96, 0.65, 1.00, 0.75, 0.72, 0.78, and 0.88, respectively. The Nearness, Radius, and total score showed the best agreement. For the cases that were discordant in terms of the final score, no major implications in surgical planning were observed. Conclusion: The RENAL-NS is a structured, useful system to assess the anatomical features of renal tumors. It is easily applicable and reproducible, even for less experienced radiologists.
Binge drinking and associated factors among adolescents in a city in southeastern Brazil: a longitudinal study
Authors: Jorge Kelly Oliva , Ferreira Raquel Conceição , Ferreira Efigênia Ferreira e , Vale Miriam Pimenta , Kawachi Ichiro , Zarzar Patrícia Maria
Published: March 2017

Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate changes in the frequency of binge drinking and associated factors in the city of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The sample consisted of 436 adolescents. Data collection involved the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test. Ordinal logistic regression was used in the multivariate analysis. An increase in the frequency of binge drinking was found among adolescents who lived in areas of greater social vulnerability (OR = 1.64; 95%CI: 1.01-2.68), those whose mothers consumed alcoholic beverages (OR = 1.75; 95%CI: 1.05-2.92), those whose fathers consumed alcoholic beverages (OR = 2.02; 95%CI: 1.11-3.68), those with an increased risk of tobacco use (OR = 2.82; 95%CI: 1.07-7.42) and those who attended religious services (OR = 2.10; 95%CI: 1.30-3.38). Knowledge regarding factors associated with a change in the frequency of binge drinking among adolescents can assist in the establishment of public policies directed at health promotion and the prevention of adverse health conditions.
Compreensão de contos após leitura dialógica com perguntas baseadas em dimensões temáticas da narrativa
Authors: Medeiros Fabio Hernandez , Flores Eileen Pfeiffer
Published: March 2017

RESUMO Investigou-se o efeito da leitura dialógica - leitura em voz alta intercalada com perguntas e feedback baseados em dimensões temáticas (funções) da narrativa - sobre a compreensão de contos dos Irmãos Grimm. Vinte e dois contos foram lidos individualmente a três crianças, sendo duas com oito anos de idade e uma com treze, de forma simples (sem intervenções adicionais) e dialógica, em um delineamento de linha de base múltipla por participante. A compreensão foi avaliada por meio da porcentagem de eventos do enredo e funções da narrativa verbalizadas em tarefas de reconto. A correspondência entre as histórias e os recontos foi superior na condição Leitura Dialógica, especialmente para funções narrativas. Discute-se o papel das perguntas, do reforçamento diferencial e do texto nos efeitos encontrados.
Evidential subtypes and tense systems in Brazilian Native Languages
Authors: HATTNHER Marize Mattos Dall’Aglio
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT The aim of this paper is to illustrate the possibility of interaction between Functional Discourse Grammar and typological studies by examining the relationship between evidentiality and tense in a sample of native languages of Brazil. More specifically, it shows that the nature of the mental process involved in the construction of evidential meaning determines its combination with different dimensions of past, present and future.
Alinhamento e estratégias de relativização
Authors: CAMACHO Roberto Gomes
Published: March 2017

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho é examinar a hipótese de que a seleção entre as diferentes estratégias de relativização disponíveis na gramática do português é motivada por um grau maior ou menor de transparência entre forma e conteúdo, o que implica, correlativamente, grau maior ou menor de facilidade no processamento cognitivo. Além disso, os diferentes graus de transparência permitem postular uma ordenação hierárquica das estratégias em correspondência a diferentes graus de facilidade no processamento cognitivo. Essa hipótese tem como base o princípio postulado por Comrie (1989), segundo o qual se uma língua dispõe de uma estratégia mais explícita e de uma estratégia menos explícita para a construção de relativas, o tipo mais explícito seria empregado para relativizar as posições mais baixas e o tipo menos explícito, para relativizar as posições mais altas. Um conceito que tem muita afinidade com esse princípio é o de alinhamento, postulado por Hengeveld e Mackenzie (2008) para representar o modo como unidades pragmáticas e semânticas não hierarquicamente relacionadas se projetam sobre as unidades morfossintáticas e fonológicas; em outros termos, como o processo de codificação reflete as motivações do processo de formulação.
Da polícia à política: explicando o perfil dos candidatos das Forças Repressivas de Estado à Câmara dos Deputados
Authors: Berlatto, Fábia , Codato Adriano , Bolognesi Bruno
Published: March 2017

Resumo Este artigo investiga o perfil social e a preferência partidária dos integrantes das Forças Repressivas do Estado que se lançaram na política institucional nas duas últimas décadas no Brasil. Por meio de estatística descritiva, ressaltamos as especificidades de integrantes das Forças Policiais e Militares que se candidataram a deputado federal. Achados desta pesquisa mostraram mudanças bruscas, de uma eleição a outra, entre os tipos de partidos nos quais essas candidaturas mais se concentraram. Se a passagem da polícia à política era feita, nos anos 1990, via grandes partidos de direita, nos anos 2010 ela se dá por meio de pequenos partidos sem identidade ideológica muito clara (“partidos fisiológicos”). Além do impedimento constitucional de militares filiarem-se a partidos políticos, a ausência de preferência sistemática por um tipo de agremiação partidária pode ser o efeito de um comportamento estratégico, já que obter um lugar na lista desses pequenos partidos não é apenas mais simples, mas há mais abertura a discursos personalistas, tais como os sustentados por esses candidatos-policiais. Esse comportamento também está relacionado à sua visão negativa da política tradicional e dos políticos estabelecidos nos grandes partidos e à crítica a programas com apelos ideológicos muito genéricos. Esses candidatos preferem representar agendas determinadas, como as demandas de suas próprias corporações.
A construção do campo de internet e política: análise dos artigos brasileiros apresentados entre 2000 e 2014
Authors: Sampaio, Rafael Cardoso , Bragatto Rachel Callai , Nicolás Maria Alejandra
Published: March 2017

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a área de I&P no Brasil. Para isso, levantamos 526 artigos apresentados em 11 eventos das áreas de sociologia, ciência política e comunicação social realizados no período de 2000 a 2014. A metodologia baseou-se em uma análise de conteúdo com o intuito de levantar os principais autores, centros de pesquisa, objetos político e tecnológico, abordagens teóricas, métodos, técnicas e áreas de abrangência dos artigos apresentados. Por um lado, os resultados indicam inúmeras concentrações e disparidades em relação a autores, instituições e estados envolvidos na pesquisa. Por outro, há evidências de maior consolidação e amadurecimento da área, que está focada em objetos mais específicos e apresenta um crescimento dos estudos empíricos. Por fim, argumenta-se por quê, neste momento, I&P aparenta ser mais uma temática interdisciplinar do que um campo de pesquisa.
Industrial processing of canned beans
Authors: Schoeninger Vanderleia , Coelho Silvia Renata Machado , Bassinello Priscila Zaczuk
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT: Beans are popular as a protein-filled legume of high nutritional value, being one of the most planted species in the world. However, recent years have seen a decrease in the consumption of beans, owing to the time necessary to cook it domestically. Thus, it is being replaced in people’s diets by other foods. An alternative preparation that supplies modern consumers’ demands is industrially processed beans. This article aimed to provide a literature review on the processing of canned beans. Few recent studies have been performed in Brazil on this subject, as most studies have focused instead on the technological quality of dry bean grains processing. In this article industrial processing concepts and features, production unit operations, and canned beans quality standards will be discussed. These efforts are expected to contribute to the Brazilian beans production chain, and consequently to increase consumption of canned beans and the demand for industrial processing of beans in both the domestic market and future product exports.
Avaliação dos Critérios de Elegibilidade do Programa Territórios da Cidadania
Authors: Andrade Pedro Gomes , Strauch Julia Celia Mercedes , Ferreira Gustavo
Published: March 2017

Resumo: O Programa Territórios da Cidadania (PTC) é uma das mais relevantes políticas de desenvolvimento territorial vigentes no Brasil, principalmente no que tange sua abrangência e importância. Trata-se de uma política pública social que apresenta escopo diferenciado, com enfoque territorial, gestão social e interministerial. Apesar de o PTC ser oriundo de um processo evolutivo de políticas públicas como: Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento da Agricultura Familiar (Pronaf) e Programa de Desenvolvimento Sustentável dos Territórios Rurais (Pronat), este ainda apresenta certos gargalos, como a definição de critérios para a escolha dos territórios. Neste sentido, o artigo apresenta metodologia estatística com o objetivo de avaliar os critérios de elegibilidade e o grau de importância desses critérios para que um município seja atendido pelo programa, a partir de indicadores proxies aos critérios definidos em decreto. Como resultado, critérios como densidade demográfica, existência de quilombos e população indígena não apresentaram o protagonismo esperado. Já o Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano apresentou-se como principal critério de elegibilidade, mostrando que o indicador se mantém relevante para o ciclo de monitoramento e avaliação de políticas públicas brasileiras. A agricultura familiar, um dos principais pilares do PTC e de seus programas antecessores, também se mostrou importante, mantendo a coerência do escopo e objetivos do programa.
Proposta de Critério de Alocação de Custos Indiretos na Pecuária Bovina de Ciclo Completo
Authors: Aranha José Aparecido Moura , Dias Alexandre Menezes , Ítavo Luís Carlos Vinhas
Published: March 2017

Resumo: Tradicionalmente, a contabilidade faz o rateio dos custos indiretos na atividade pecuária bovina de ciclo completo com base no custo unitário por animal (cabeça). Por esse critério, o valor de custo atribuído a um bezerro é o mesmo para um animal adulto (vaca), o que sugere não ser o critério mais adequado. O uso de insumos agropecuários, o consumo de alimentos e a compra e venda de animais ocorrem em função do peso corporal. Desenvolver um critério de rateio que permite distribuir os custos de produção ao rebanho levando em conta o peso corporal seria o mais adequado. Propor o rateio dos custos indiretos da atividade da pecuária bovina de ciclo completo com base na Unidade Animal (U.A.) é o objetivo deste trabalho, uma vez que ela permite classificar bovinos de diversas idades e sexo em uma mesma base de avaliação. Os resultados confirmaram diferenças entre os critérios de rateio, apontando que o em U.A., é o mais adequado para rateio dos custos na pecuária bovina de ciclo completo.
Physical characteristics and fertility of fractionated donkey semen cooled at 5°C
Authors: Carvalho L.E. , Silva Filho J.M. , Palhares M.S. , Sales A.L.R. , Gonczarowska A.T. , Oliveira H.N. , Resende M.C. , Neves M.G. , Madison R.J.
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two different extenders (Skimmed Milk Glucose - SMG or Lactose - Egg Yolk - LEY) on physical characteristics and fertility of fractionated donkey semen cooled at 5°C. For this, four Pêga donkeys were used as semen donors. The sperm rich fraction of the ejaculate was diluted preparing insemination doses containing 400 x 106 motile spermatozoa in a volume of 22 mL, cooled to 5°C and stored up to 48 hours in a container proposed by Palhares (1997). Sperm motility and vigor were assessed in fresh semen, after first semen dilution, before insemination, at 24 and 48 hours after storage. For the fertility evaluation, 44 mares were inseminated with semen stored for a period between 12 and 24 hours. The mares were inseminated on fixed days (Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays) after the detection of a follicle greater than a 30mm diameter in one of the ovaries through ovulation. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed on day 12 post-ovulation, using transrectal ultrasonography. Semen diluted in SMG showed superior sperm motility than LEY, at the Pre-AI evaluation (P<0.05). At 48 hours of storage, all donkeys had motility values between 45 and 53% for semen diluted in SMG, while only one donkey showed motility greater than 30% in the LEY treatment. The pregnancy rate/cycle for mares inseminated with semen diluted in SMG was superior than that obtained using LEY (56.52% vs 4.76%, respectively).
Desempenho produtivo de frangos de corte e utilização de energia e nutrientes de dietas iniciais com milho classificado ou não e suplementadas com complexo enzimático
Authors: Fernandes J.I.M. , Contini J.P. , Prokoski K. , Gottardo E.T. , Cristo A.B. , Perini R.
Published: March 2017

RESUMO Dois experimentos foram conduzidos com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da adição de um complexo enzimático em dietas iniciais elaboradas com milho classificado ou não por mesa densimétrica sobre o desempenho produtivo e a digestibilidade de nutrientes. Foram utilizados 1080 frangos de corte, machos, distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 2 x 3 (milho classificado ou não vs. dieta controle, dieta controle acrescida de complexo enzimático e dieta controle acrescida de enzimas e com redução de 150kcal de EM), totalizando seis repetições e 36 unidades experimentais. No ensaio de metabolismo, foram utilizadas 96 aves de 21 dias de idade, alojadas em baterias metálicas e distribuídas aos seis tratamentos, com oito repetições e 48 unidades experimentais. Dietas suplementadas com enzima, independentemente da classificação do milho, resultaram em maior (P<0,05) ganho de peso das aves aos 21 dias de idade. A adição de enzimas em dietas com milho classificado melhorou (P<0,05) a conversão alimentar. O CDPB foi maior (P<0,05) para dietas elaboradas com milho classificado, independentemente da suplementação do complexo enzimático, enquanto o CDEE de dietas à base de milho não classificado aumentou (P<0,05) quando as enzimas foram incluídas na deita. Dietas elaboradas à base de milho classificado e acrescidas de complexo enzimático comercial melhoraram (P<0,05) a EMA e a EMAn. As enzimas exógenas podem ser empregadas como ferramenta para melhorar a digestibilidade de nutrientes e de energia dos grãos de milho com variação nutricional.
Estimação de valores genéticos para codornas europeias em função dos níveis da relação treonina: lisina da dieta: do nascimento aos 21 dias de idade
Authors: Faria G.Q. , Bonafé C.M. , Souza K.A.R. , Silva M.A. , Costa L.S. , Lima H.J.D. , Campos F.G. , Silva R.B. , Silva A.A. , Tarocô G. , Rocha G.M.F. , Miranda J.A.
Published: March 2017

RESUMO O presente trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar a sensibilidade dos valores genéticos dos pesos corporais e as características de carcaças de codornas europeias às mudanças do gradiente ambiental (níveis da relação treonina com a lisina das dietas), do nascimento aos 21 dias de idade, por meio de modelos de regressão aleatória com diferentes classes de variância residual. Os dados utilizados neste estudo são provenientes de 915 codornas de corte da linhagem LF1 e 839 da linhagem LF2, pertencentes ao Programa de Melhoramento Genético da Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri. Foram avaliados os pesos corporais e os rendimentos da carcaça das aves. As sensibilidades dos valores genéticos às mudanças nos níveis da relação treonina:lisina (interação genótipo x ambiente) foram obtidas por modelos de regressão aleatória (utilizando normas de reação) por meio do programa Wombat, que utiliza o princípio da máxima verossimilhança restrita (REML). O modelo de regressão aleatória que considerou duas classes de variância residual foi o mais indicado para a maioria das análises realizadas. Verificaram-se alterações na classificação dos valores genéticos para as duas linhagens de codornas de corte estudadas. Esse comportamento indica sensibilidade de valores genéticos aditivos às mudanças nutricionais, o que caracteriza a existência de interação genótipo x ambiente. A predição dos valores genéticos deve ser feita com o mesmo nível da relação treonina:lisina da dieta com a qual as codornas serão alimentadas no sistema de produção.