bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analytical solutions of generalized differential equations using quadratic-phase Fourier transform
Authors: Shah Firdous A. ,   Department of Mathematics, University of Kashmir, South Campus, Anantnag 192101, Jammu and Kashmir, India, Lone Waseem Z. , Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy , Khalifa Amany Salah ,   Department of Mathematics, College of Arts and Sciences, Wadi Aldawaser, 11991, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia,   Department of Clinical Pathology and Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P. O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
Published: November 2021

The aim of this study is to obtain the analytical solutions of some prominent differential equations including the generalized Laplace, heat and wave equations by using the quadratic-phase Fourier transform. To facilitate the narrative, we formulate the preliminary results vis-a-vis the differentiation properties of the quadratic-phase Fourier transform. The obtained results are reinforced with illustrative examples.
A Case Study of Heat Budget in the Southern Caspian Sea, Gorgan Bay, Iran
Authors: Azad Masoud Torabi , Mehrfar Hesameddin , Emtyazjoo Mozhgan
Published: November 2021

Abstract Gorgan Bay is one of the unique closed basins in the world and has a special geological and environmental status from a physical oceanographic perspective. In the present case study, local coefficients for heat budget of the area were extracted using in-situ measurements.
According to the obtained findings in this study, the shortwave radiation flux, net longwave radiation flux, sensible heat flux, and latent heat flux have been estimated to be about 155 W/m2, −66 W/m2, −20 W/m2, and −187 W/m2, respectively.
The rate of heat transfer through Caspian Sea to Gorgan Bay is estimated to be about 1.2 × 109 W. In addition, the rate of the heat transfer through rivers to Gorgan Bay is approximately 2.2 × 106 W, which is negligible. In addition, it was concluded that
heat balance, which was investigated for different seasons, is caused by the heat loss through river flows as well as heat exchanges between the Caspian Sea and Gorgan Bay gaps. The amount of advection heat flux is about −31 W/m2, which is equal to the surface heat flux. The
mentioned finding indicates that storms not only affect the latent heat flux and sensible heat flux but also have a significant impact on the total heat budget.
A Probabilistic Decision-Making System for Joining Traffic Lanes Within an Inland Traffic Separation Scheme
Authors: Cheng Tingting , Wu Qing , Wu Bing , Yan Xinping
Published: November 2021

Abstract The timing of joining traffic lanes is significant for safety of maritime transportation within a traffic separation scheme (TSS), which is emphasized in the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea. This paper proposes a probabilistic decision-making
approach for a ship joining traffic lanes within a TSS that considers ship intention, ship characteristics, and traffic situation. It can be implemented in a decision support system for safe navigation or be included in the process of autonomous navigation. The kernel of this proposed approach
is first to analyze the crossing and converging behavior in scenarios of joining near-lane and opposite-lane traffic, to determine the graphical structure after identifying the influencing factors (e.g., ship speed, position, and traffic condition), and then to quantify the model based on
the geometrical relationships, logical relationships, and arithmetic relationships among influencing factors. The proposed approach is applied to two real scenarios of a ship joining traffic lanes, and the result consistently agrees with the ship strategy of joining traffic lanes from the
historical trajectory. Consequently, this paper proposes a practical and useful tool to decide the timing of joining traffic lanes in busy waterways.
Self-perceived readiness of medical interns in performing basic medical procedures at the Universitas Academic Health Complex in Bloemfontein
Authors: Yiga S. I.N. , Botes J. , Joubert G. , Bulane S. , Choane T. , Mogale K. , Rapitse M. , Ruiters C.
Published: November 2021

Background: Medical internship in South Africa is a two-year period after completing the basic medical degree. Interns rotate through six different domains, where they are exposed to various clinical procedures. These skills are often not up to standard, and interns feel unprepared for future challenges. This study evaluated the self-perceived readiness of interns rotating through the Universitas Academic Health Complex in performing basic medical procedures, and the frequency of performing these procedures.Methods: This was a descriptive quantitative study. Consenting participants completed an anonymous questionnaire regarding four pre-selected medical procedures per department.Results: The majority of the 61 participants were second-year interns (52.5%), female (54.0%), with a median age of 25 years. Interns felt ready to perform the majority of procedures, but more than 50% reported not being ready to perform circumcisions, episiotomy and perineal repair, assisted delivery and appendectomies. Some procedures in Family Medicine, Internal Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, General Surgery and Psychiatry were rarely performed by at least half of the participants.Conclusions: Exposure of medical students during their clinical years to practical training is inadequate. The focus in the MBChB curriculum should be increased to a more specific practical approach during both the pre-clinical and clinical years.
An appraisal of blood pressure control and its determinants among patients with primary hypertension seen in a primary care setting in Western Nigeria
Authors: Ojo Oluwaseun S. , Malomo Sunday O. , Sogunle Peter T. , Ige Adegbola M.
Published: November 2021

Background: Achieving guideline-recommended blood pressure is imperative in reducing the rising tide of uncontrolled hypertension and its attendant sequelae, which are major causes of morbidity and mortality globally. The aim of the study was to describe the pattern of blood pressure control and identify the factors influencing blood pressure control among patients with primary hypertension seen at family medicine clinics of FMC, Abeokuta.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study. A systematic random sampling technique was used in selecting 360 hypertensive respondents over four months. Data were collected through a pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17.0 was used to analyse data.Results: Blood pressure was controlled in 167 (46.4%) of the respondents. The independent predictors of blood pressure control were female gender (p= 0.001, OR = 2.494, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.477–4.214), regular use of medication (p = 0.001, OR = 2.900, 95% CI = 1.508–5.577), regular clinic attendance (p  0.001, OR = 3.512, 95% CI = 1.772–6.960), and absence of diabetes mellitus (p 0.001, OR = 7.357, 95% CI = 3.190–16.966).Conclusions: The rate of blood pressure control among the hypertensive respondents was low. Multiple independent predictors of controlled blood pressure call for a team-based approach as well as multiple approaches including education of patients, expansion of a community-based health insurance programme and intensification of treatment efforts when managing hypertensive patients.
Corticosteroids in sports-related injuries: Friend or Foe
Authors: Rotunno A. , Janse van Rensburg D. C. , Grant C. C. , Jansen van Rensburg A.
Published: November 2021

Corticosteroids act as potent anti-inflammatory drugs and have been used in various sport settings for the treatment of both acute and chronic injuries. Basic physiology and mechanisms of action for gluco- and mineralocorticoids are discussed. Methods of administration, the action on the inflammatory response, and potential short and long-term side effects of corticosteroid use are also deliberated. More specifically, corticosteroid use in the treatment and management of sport-related injuries are discussed, elucidating on the ethical boundaries and anti-doping regulations pertaining to corticosteroid use in sports, as well as putting forth suggestions for the use of local steroid injections and their contraindications. In conclusion, it was found that, despite some controversy in the use of corticosteroid treatment in the sports environment, little empirical evidence exists that could conclusively rule for or against its use. It is however clear that, if clinically justified, there is a significant role for corticosteroid treatment in the realm of sports injury and notably with a relatively low risk profile, if administered correctly.
An overview of ivabradine
Authors: Ramoleta Tumelo , Schellack Natalie , Bronkhorst Elmien
Published: November 2021

This article provides an overview of the therapeutic effects of ivabradine in the treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD), and in the management of stable angina pectoris (SAP) and congestive cardiac failure (CCF). Patients with SAP have a reduced quality of life and are unable to work efficiently, resulting in the increased use of healthcare resources. Unlike the other antianginal drugs (i.e. the beta-blockers, calcium-channel blockers and organic nitrates), ivabradine specifically targets the If current of the sinus node. It reduces the frequency of angina attacks and increases the time until symptoms during work appear. Clinical evidence has shown that ivabradine is an effective anti-ischaemic and antianginal agent, comparable to the beta-blockers and calcium-channel antagonist in controlling the symptoms of myocardial ischemia.
Paediatric TIVA and TCI
Authors: Welch E.
Published: November 2021

No abstract available.
Postoperative confusion in recovery room – a practical approach
Authors: Madima N. R.
Published: November 2021

No abstract available.
Out of theatre sedation – how I do it safely
Authors: Hlongwane-Gukuta T.
Published: November 2021

No abstract available.
Revisiting the Difficult Airway with special reference to the new Difficult Airway Society Guidelines
Authors: Nel D.
Published: November 2021

No abstract available.
The Treatment of Hemiplegia in Children
Authors: Levitt Sophie
Published: November 2021

No abstract available.
The problem of Trauma in the Low Back
Authors: Du Toit G. T.
Published: November 2021

No abstract available.
Ethical Principles for Physical Therapists
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: November 2021

No abstract available.
Quantum differential and linear cryptanalysis
Authors: Denisenko Denis Vital'evich
Published: November 2021

Рассматриваются квантовые версии разностного и линейного методов криптоанализа, основанные на комбинации квантового алгоритма поиска минимума/максимума и квантового алгоритма перечисления. Получены оценки трудоемкости и необходимого количества ресурсов для квантовых разностного и линейного методов криптоанализа блочных шифров. Показано, что реализация квантового линейного метода требует меньше логических кубитов, чем реализация квантового разностного метода. Отмечено, что ускорение вычислений за счет «квантового параллелизма» в квантовых разностном и линейном методах криптоанализа, основанных на комбинации квантовых алгоритмов Гровера и квантового перечисления, видимо, отсутствует.
Traditional festivals as a symbol of culture in Africa: The example of the Ovwuvwe festival of the Abraka people
Authors: Izu Benjamin Obeghare
Published: November 2021

Traditional festivals have become a prominent topic of research because of their social-cultural values. The values, and beliefs of a people are demonstrated through festivals. However, thus far, limited research has been conducted on the more profound issue of the possible contribution of festivals as a cultural symbol. This study aims to portray the symbols of the Abraka people’s culture through the Ovwuvwe festival celebration. The Ovwuvwe festival was chosen as the study area, due to its rich and unique cultural heritage, with the main aim of creating an avenue in preserving and displaying the cultural heritage of the Abraka people through the Ovwuvwe festival celebration. Through participation, interviews and critical observation, this paper demonstrates the cultural symbol of the Abraka people through Ovwuvwe.
New approaches to vaccines for endemic and pandemic diseases of Africa with particular focus on building local competencies in Cameroon
Authors: Titanji Vincent P.K.
Published: November 2021

Vaccines have been recognized as major and effective tools for the control and eventual elimination of infectious diseases and cancer. This brief review examines vaccine classification and development pipeline as well as recent innovations driving the vaccine development process. Using COVID-19 as an example recent innovation in vaccine development are highlighted. The review ends with a call for intensified efforts to build vaccine production capacity in Cameroon and other other African  countries.

Les vaccins ont été reconnus comme des outils majeurs et efficaces pour le contrôle et l’élimination éventuelle des maladies infectieuses et du cancer. Cette brève revue examine la classification et le pipeline de développement de vaccins ainsi que les innovations récentes à l’origine du processus de développement de vaccins. En utilisant COVID-19 comme exemple, les innovations récentes dans le développement de vaccins sont mises en évidence. La revue se termine par un appel à intensifier les efforts pour renforcer les capacités de production de vaccins au Cameroun et dans d’autres pays africains.
La ruptura de la pareja y su influencia en la dinámica relacional en casos de feminicidio
Authors: Santos-Hermoso Jorge , López-Heredia María , Sánchez-Martín Belén , González-Álvarez José Luis
Published: November 2021

La ruptura de pareja supone un momento de riesgo para la aparición de conductas violentas. En España uno de cada tres feminicidios se produce en un contexto de separación. En el presente estudio se analiza la ruptura de la relación y la manifestación de la mujer de separarse, comparando casos de violencia no mortal (VdG; n = 513) y feminicidio (n = 171). Posteriormente se profundiza en los casos de feminicidio, clasificándolos en precedidos (FPS; n = 88) y no precedidos por separación (FNPS; n = 81), centrando la atención en los casos en los que existían conductas violentas denunciables. Los análisis mostraron que la ruptura de la relación se asoció a casos en los que había conductas violentas denunciables. Además, que la mujer manifieste su intención de separarse fue más común en los casos de VdG, aunque al eliminar los feminicidios sin conductas violentas denunciables, la situación de ruptura se asoció a los feminicidios. En cuanto al perfil de los autores de FPS, estos son más jóvenes que los de FNPS, no presentan discapacidad, muestran consumo de drogas, un estilo de apego inseguro, y tienen antecedentes delictivos. En cuanto a la dinámica relacional, los FPS muestran un tiempo de relación menor, las víctimas contaban con medidas de protección, y estos casos registraron violencia, amenazas, conductas de control, y acoso en mayor medida que los FNPS. Al eliminar los feminicidios sin conductas violentas denunciables, solo la discapacidad del autor siguió mostrando diferencias significativas, así como el tiempo de relación y la existencia de conductas de acoso. Los resultados podrían indicar que algunas de las relaciones que los estudios previos han asociado a la ruptura, puede que realmente están siendo explicadas más por la existencia de conductas violentas que por la propia ruptura en sí.
Peran Pengetahuan Gizi Terhadap Asupan Energi, Status Gizi Dan Sikap Tentang Gizi Remaja
Authors: Aulia Ninda Rizki
Published: November 2021

Kualitas gizi dan kesehatan pada siklus hidup orang dewasa ditentukann oleh gizi remaja. Status gizi remaja dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku gizi remaja. Penelitian ini bertujuan apakah terdapat pengaruh antara pengetahuan gizi terhadap asupan energi, status gizi dan sikap tentang gizi remaja di SMP N 02 Banjarharjo. Penelitian yang dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan crossectional. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 30 orang siswa  yang terdiri dari 2 kelas IX di SMP N 02 Banjarharjo dengan menggunakan teknik Random Sampling. Data penelitian didapat menggunakan teknik wawancara untuk mengetahui data pengetahuan gizi dan sikap gizi; kuesioner dalam bentuk formulir food frequency (FFQ) untuk mengetahui data asupan energi; dan pengukuran untuk mengetahui data status gizi siswa. Pengujian statistika bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara variabel dependent dan variabel independent dengan menggunakan uji chi Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan gizi dengan asupan energi (p<0,05); status gizi siswa (p<0,05) dan sikap tentang gizi (p<0,05). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini terdapat hubungan pengetahuan gizi  terhadap asupan energi, status gizi, sikap tentang gizi siswa di SMP N 02 Banjarharjo.
A NOTE ON BIGAUSSIAN PELL AND PELL-LUCAS NUMBERS
Authors: GÖKBAŞ HASAN
Published: November 2021

In this study, we define a new type of Pell and Pell-Lucas numbers which are called biGaussian Pell and biGaussian Pell-Lucas numbers. We also give the relationship between negabiGaussian Pell and Pell-Lucas numbers and bicomplex Pell and Pell-Lucas numbers. Moreover, we obtain the Binet’s formula, generating function, d’Ocagne’s identity, Catalan’s identity, Cassini’s identity and some sums formulas for these new type numbers. Some algebraic proporties of biGaussian Pell and Pell-Lucas numbers which are connected between biGaussian numbers and Pell and Pell-Lucas numbers are investigated. Moreover, we give the matrix representation of biGaussian Pell and Pell-Lucas numbers.
Prolonged lockdown: psychological risk factors among children and their mental health
Authors: Ilyas Uzma , Farooqi Rabia , Admin
Published: November 2021

The most talked phenomenon and sui generis of the modern time, the coronavirus diseases-2019 impacted individuals in a variety of ways. Older adults had a higher risk of vulnerability, while there were negative ramifications among children due to indirect impact. The preventive measures, including closing down of schools, malls and playgrounds as well as practising social distancing served as a shield against the hazard of outbreak. On the contrary, these strategies inculcated fear, anxiety, ambiguous communication and manifestation of externalizing behaviours in children. Children living in dysfunctional families in underprivileged circumstances were more susceptible to abuse during the pandemic, and had increased risk of behavioural symptomology and psychological morbidities. Challenges brought by the new normal for children requires redefining the role of parenting for effective monitoring and intervention to mitigate the symptoms. Preventive strategies outlined by international scientific communities include reflective listening, debriefing and psychological first aid for effective
THE INFLUENCE OF WORK MOTIVATION AND SELF MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON EMPLOYEE JOB SATISFACTION (CASE STUDY OF PT. BIO FARMA IN BANDUNG)
Authors: Tarmidi Didi , Yusup Aditya Muhammad
Published: November 2021

This research aims to determine how the description of work motivation, self-management practices, and employee job satisfaction, as well as to determine how the influence of work motivation and self-management practices on employee job satisfaction PT. Bio Farma. The factors tested in the study were work motivation and self-management practices as independent variables, while job satisfaction was dependent variables. The research methods used in this research are descriptive and verification methods. The population in this study were employees at PT. Bio Farma. The sampling technique used in this study was Purposive Sampling and the size of the sample in this study was calculated with the formula Slovin, so the total number was 200 respondents. The analytical methods used in this study are some linear regression analyses using SPSS25 for Windows. The results of this study show that work motivation and self-management practices affect employee job satisfaction at PT. Bio Farma. The effect of work motivation and self-management practices on employee job satisfaction was 59.3%.
Effect of Lifetime Cognitive Reserve on Functional Connectivity in the Default Mode Network at the Predementia Stage
Authors: Woo Soo Kyun
Published: November 2021

Soo Kyun Woo;Jae Myeong Kang;Nambeom Kim;Sook Young Lee;Sangsoon Kim;Da Jeong Kim;Chang-Ki Kang;Jun-Young Lee;Seong-Jin Cho
Bir Kültür Değişmezi Olarak İstiklâl Marşı: Çeviri Amaçlı Çözümleme ve Çeviri Sorunları (Türkçe-Rusça Dil Çifti)
Authors: Kozan Olena
Published: November 2021

Günümüz çok kutuplu ve çok kültürlü dünyada bir toplum kendini anlatmak ve anlaşılmak ya da “öteki” toplumları anlamak ve kültürel diplomasi çerçevesinde uzun süreli stratejiyi geliştirmek istiyorsa gerek kendi kültür değişmezlerini doğru bir şekilde tanıtmak gerekse diğer toplumların kültür değişmezlerini çözümlemek zorundadır. Bu bağlamda kültür değişmezi olarak tanımlanabilen metinlerin tespiti ve çevirisi günümüzde güncel bir sorun olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada 12 Mart 2021 tarihinde kabulünün 100. yüzyılı kutlanan Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin İstiklâl Marşı kültür değişmezi kavramı açısından ele alınmıştır. Araştırma sırasında İstiklâl Marşı’nın “başlıca fikirlerin aktarımı” şeklinde Rusça çevirisinin www.wikipedia.org sayfasında yer aldığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu çeviri metni çeviri amaçlı metin çözümlemesi çerçevesinde incelenmiş ve hedef metnin kaynak metindeki imgeleri ve bakış açısını yansıtmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmanın devamında İstiklâl Marşı’nın Rusça çevirisi tarafımızca yapılmış ve öne sürülen çeviri seçenekleri çözümlenmiştir. İstiklâl Marşı gibi kültür değişmezi niteliği taşıyan metinlerin Rusça başta olmak üzere farklı dillere çevrilmesinin kültürel diplomasi kapsamında gündeme getirilmesi gerektiği vurgulanmıştır.
The results of a complex study of the Turchu limestone hollow (polje). Western Georgia, Caucasus
Authors:   Vakhushti Bagrationi Institute of Geography, TSU, Georgia, Lezhava Zaza , Tsikarishvili Kukuri ,   Vakhushti Bagrationi Institute of Geography, TSU, Georgia, Asanidze Lasha ,   Vakhushti Bagrationi Institute of Geography, TSU, Georgia, Chikhradze Nino ,   Ilia State University, Georgia, Karalashvili Tamazi ,   Vakhushti Bagrationi Institute of Geography, TSU, Georgia, Odilavadze Davit ,   M. Nodia Institute of Geophysics, TSU, Georgia, Tarkhnishvili Avtandil ,   M. Nodia Institute of Geophysics, TSU, Georgia
Published: November 2021

Based on the complex studies (geographical-geological, karst-speleological, and geophysical studies), conducted by the authors in the study area, karst forms such as sinkholes and ponors were identified, the width (2-17 m) of the Quaternary deposits located on the limestones were determined, the average and maximum discharges of the streams flowing on the bottom of the hollow were calculated. Studies have also shown that relatively heavy rains and snowmelt periodically flood the relatively low, western part of the hollow and create a temporary lake that soon dries up through the ponors at the bottom of the hollow, where the water stream are discharged. The closed shape of the Turchu hollow the limestone bottom covered with Quaternary deposits and the events described above indicate the corrosive origin of the hollow, which has been practically confirmed by our georadiological and electrometric studies. It is notable that the role of tectonic movements in the origin of the hollow along with the corrosive processes, which had a periodic character, and together with the uplifting of the area caused the lowering of the levels of underground waters and, consequently, the activation of karst processes.
Primary lymphoma of the pancreas – a case report
Authors: Vrablicová Zuzana , Čierna Iveta , Staníková Daniela , Kolenová Alexandra , Hraškova Andrea , Plank Lukáš , Šturdík Igor , Koller Tomáš
Published: November 2021

Súhrn: Bolesti brucha patria medzi pomerne časté symptómy u adolescentov. Príčiny, ktoré sa podieľajú na bolestiach brucha, sú pestré a tým aj diferenciálna dia­gnostika je pomerne rozsiahla a zložitá. To súvisí pravdepodobne s tým, že brucho zaberá pomerne veľkú oblasť, obsahuje množstvo orgánov, štruktúr, systémov vrátane lymfatických uzlín, ktoré generalizovane reagujú na infekciu, či nádorové ochorenia. V našej kazuistike opisujeme prípad 17-ročného pacienta s náhlymi bolesťami brucha, chudnutím, vracaním a ikterom. V rámci diferenciálnej dia­gnostiky sa realizovali laboratórne a zobrazovacie vyšetrenia so zameraním na pankreas a hepatobiliárny trakt, kde sa zobrazila zväčšená hlava a chvost pankreasu, peripankreatická lymfadenopatia s vedľajším nálezom drobných ložísk na obličkách. V úvode sa suponovala skôr hereditárna pankreatitída a pseudotumory na obličkách, vzhľadom na vek pacienta bol menej pravdepodobný tumor pankreasu a metastázy. Definitívna dia­gnóza bola stanovená odberom bio­ptických vzoriek pankreasu pomocou endosonografického vyšetrenia. Histologický a cytologický nález preukázal prítomnosť lymfocytárnych blastických buniek, charakteru CD20+ B-NHL, konštatovaný difúzny veľkobunkový B-lymfóm pankreasu (DLBCL – diffuse large B cell lymphoma). Staging ochorenia nepreukázal inflitráciu malígnych buniek v kostnej dreni a centrálnej nervovej sústave. Promptne stanovená dia­gnóza a podaná príslušná onkologická liečba (chemoterapia v kombinácii s monoklonálnou protilátkou) zabezpečila pacientovi návrat do každodenného života a je nevyhnutným predpokladom priaznivej prognózy pacienta. Kľúčové slová: bolesti brucha – žltačka – difúzny veľkobunkový B-lymfóm
The role of molecular biology in the diff erential diagnosis of pancreatic cystic neoplasias
Authors: Horný Ivo , Hucl Tomáš
Published: November 2021

Summary: Pancreatic cysts have been detected ever more frequently in recent years due to the advanced and wider use of imaging methods. We find them on CT or MR also in asymptomatic patients who do not have a history of any pancreatic disease. Pancreatic cystic lesions represent a wide range of pathological changes from simple cysts through precancerous lesions to malignant cysts. Accurate dia­gnosis remains difficult despite the combination of clinical status evaluation, imaging findings, and bio­chemical and cytological examination. Molecular bio­logical examination of cyst aspirate obtained by endosonographic examination increases the detection rate of mucinous cysts (KRAS/GNAS/VHL) and cysts with a high risk of malignancy (KRAS/GNAS/p53/PIK3CA/PTEN/CDKN2A/SMAD4) and optimizes therapeutic approach. Larger prospective validation studies are necessary to make this costly and limited method a routine part of clinical practice. Key words: molecular bio­logy – neoplasia – pancreatic cysts
Plantation: An Effective Weapon to Protect Our Globe from the Challenges of Deforestation
Authors: Pandit Mr. Jyotirmoy
Published: November 2021

Since the dawn of civilization, man was bushman and troglodyte. Gradually, his perception and intellect change him to a perfect human being, perfect in the sense of living in palatial building and enjoying a happy, prosperous life. But all these are possible only with the cost of deforestation that man often does in pursuit of money and material. Man's money - making propensity compels him to destroy forest that not only provides shadow, fruit and flower but also purifies polluted air. In spite of having the declaration of 33 percent reservation of forest, we fail to keep our promise and continue to destroy forest, and consequently, not only air is polluted, but also soil becomes barren. Thus, we become the fatal receivers of flood, draught, global warming, scarcity of rain, lacking of flood, irregular supply of wood and thousand other problems. To avoid such calamity, we need to tend towards massive plantation. The present paper will throw light on the dangers of deforestation and trace the ways through which such dangers can be minimized by effective plantation.
Removal of carbendazim from aqueous solutions by adsorption on different types of zeolite
Authors: Pavlinović Anica , Novaković Mladenka , Nuić Ivona
Published: November 2021

Objective: Due to the avid interest in devising economically and environmentally viable and readily available materials for pesticide-contaminated water treatment, the effective-ness of clinoptilolite, a natural zeolite, its modified Na-form, as well as ZSM-5, a synthetic zeolite, was investigated for the removal of the fungicide carbendazim from aqueous solutions.
Methods: The removal was investigated using batch ad-sorption by mixing zeolite and the carbendazim solution at different contact times. At the end of each experiment, the suspensions were filtered, and the residual concentration of carbendazim in the filtrates was measured using high-per-formance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The experimental results were used to calculate the efficiency of tested zeolite types for the removal of carbendazim from aqueous solu-tions.
Results: Synthetic zeolite was highly effective (94.5%) in removal of carbendazim from aqueous solutions when compared to natural zeolite (19.5–23.3%) and its Na-form (22.5–29.0%). However, the residual carbendazim concen-tration for all three zeolites tested was above the maximum allowable concentration (MAC).
Conclusion: Zeolite ZSM-5 exhibited outstanding properties for the removal of the carbendazim fungicide from aque-ous solutions; however, high production costs could be a limiting factor for a wider application in water treatment. For practical applications, natural zeolite may be a more economically viable choice, regardless of its significantly lower removal efficiency. Its surface properties would need to be modified and improved by organic surfactants, which would require additional experiments. Finally, the cost-ef-fectiveness of modified natural zeolite should be compared to the production cost of synthetic zeolite to determine the most effective, economically advantageous, and envi-ronmentally friendly solution for the treatment of pesti-cide-contaminated water.
Efficacy and safety of intrathecal morphine in total knee arthroplasty: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: AbdelQadir Yossef Hassan , Nabhan Ayman Essa , Abdelghany Eman Abdelbaset , Mohamed Alshaimaa Galal , Tokhey Abdelrahman Shawky El , Elmegeed Aya Abd , Nourelden Anas Zakarya , Ragab Khaled Mohamed
Published: November 2021

Objective: Morphine is a potent analgesic used to manage the pain following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We aim to assess the safety and efficacy of intrathecal morphine (ITM) compared with placebo following TKA.Methods: We systematically searched four databases for trials that study the safety and efficacy of ITM in TKA. From relevant studies, data were extracted and pooled as mean difference (MD) or standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95 percent confidence interval (CI) using Review Manager software (Version 5.3).Results: We included six randomized controlled trials in our study. ITM significantly reduced pain scores at 4 hours (SMD = –0.82, 95 percent CI [–1.52, –0.12], p = 0.02) and 24 hours (MD = –2.01, 95 percent CI [–2.93, –1.09], p = 0.0001) after surgery compared to placebo. No statistically significant difference in cumulative morphine use or nausea episodes was observed after 24 hours. ITM increased the risk of pruritus more than placebo (relative risk [RR] = 4.82, 95 percent CI [2.34, 9.93], p < 0.0001).Conclusion: ITM reduces pain at 4 and 24 hours post-operatively with no effect on cumulative morphine consumption. The only feared side effect is pruritus.
CUIDADOS PALIATIVOS EM TERAPIA INTENSIVA
Authors: Pinto Leticia Velozo Domingos , Martins Kelly Simião , Milita do Valle Paloma , Machado de Lara Ana Paula , Lopes Gonçalves Nunes Maristela
Published: November 2021

Introdução: Florence Nightingale quem criou uma unidade de tratamento específico para pacientes críticos, concentrando recursos materiais e humanos, facilitando o cuidado. Em contrapartida, foi Cicely Saunders quem deu luz ao termo “Cuidados Paliativos”, implantado no Brasil nos anos 1980, os quais acontecem principalmente em ambiente hospitalar, relacionado ao movimento de desnaturalização da morte iniciado no século XX. Objetivo: Apontar quais são as perspectivas dos profissionais de saúde que trabalham em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva, frente a um paciente em Cuidados Paliativos. Material e Métodos: Tratase de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, com a busca realizada no Google Acadêmico através dos descritores em português e inglês “Cuidados Paliativos/ Palliative Care” e “Terapia Intensiva/ Intensive Therapy”, combinados entre si através dos operadores booleanos “AND” e “OR”, com inclusão nos estudos artigos publicados nos últimos 4 anos, dentro dos idiomas português e inglês e que respondessem à pergunta norteadora. Resultados: Dos 11 artigos incluídos no presente estudo, 63,6% (7) correspondem a estudos com abordagem qualitativa, com predominância de estudo publicados no ano de 2019, correspondendo a 45,5% (5) dos estudos. Considerações finais: Observa-se que a não existência de um protocolo específico contribui para a mecanização do cuidado, e desnaturalização do processo de morte e morrer, acarretando um cuidado superficial e distante das reais necessidades do paciente e da família.
The efficacy of certain Labiatiae species herbal extracts (Rosmarinus officinalis, Salvia officinalis and Thymus vulgaris) as compared to nystatin, in the inhibition of in vitro growth of Candidia albicans
Authors:   , Reid Kim Louise
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of herbal extracts of certain Labiatiae species (Rosmannus officinalis, Salvia officinalis and Thymus vulgaris) in the inhibition of in vitro growth of Candida albicans as compared to ethanol as a control and nystatin in terms of the disc diffusion test.
Environmental values of California winegrape growers and the use of barn owl nest boxes as a tool for integrated pest management
Authors: Estes Brooks R. , Johnson Matthew D.
Published: November 2021

Synthetic pesticides from agriculture pose threats to biodiversity, and the adoption of alternative pest management is vital to meet rising crop demands while protecting native species. For example, the use of nest boxes for barn owls (Tyto furcata and T. alba) may help control rodent pests and reduce the use of rodenticides. However, the environmental perceptions of farmers and how receptive they are to alternative pest management practices remains uncertain. Traditionally, agricultural policies and programs have focused largely on the economic self-interest of farmers, but these narrow approaches have proven insufficient to describe and predict conservation behaviors, and the study of environmental value orientations (EVOs) may better explain farmers’ adoption of novel wildlife-friendly practices. The study of EVOs can help identify people as “mutualists”, meaning those who value the environment for its own sake, and “utilitarians,” meaning those who value the environment for the services it can provide. We surveyed 71 California winegrape growers in order to better understand how their underlying environmental values relate to the use of barn owl boxes and other sustainable practices. Overall, most winegrape growers had mutualist value orientations (64%). However, there was a disconnect between the use of barn owl boxes and EVOs, with most respondents (80%) reporting the use of owl boxes regardless of underlying values. This opens the door for future research to examine whether this is true of other wildlife-friendly farming practices.
Photovoltaic solar farms in California: can we have renewable electricity and our species, too?
Authors: Cypher Brian L. , Boroski Brian B. , Burton Robert K. , Meade Daniel E. , Phillips Scott E. , Leitner Philip , Kelly Erica C. , Westall Tory L. , Dart Jason
Published: November 2021

Photovoltaic solar power generating facilities are proliferating rapidly in California and elsewhere. While this trend is welcomed for many reasons (e.g., reducing greenhouse gas emissions), these facilities also can have profound environmental impacts, particularly to local species populations. These impacts become more significant when species of conservation concern are affected. In the San Joaquin Desert region in central California, a number of conservation measures have been routinely implemented on solar facilities, and these measures have facilitated continued use of the facilities by a number of species of conservation concern. Some of the more significant measures include permeable security fences, vegetation management, movement corridors, avoiding critical features such as dens and burrows, and vehicle speed limits. Detailed studies have been conducted on San Joaquin kit foxes (Vulpes macrotis mutica) using solar facilities in the San Joaquin Desert. Demographic and ecological attributes of foxes are similar between foxes using the facilities and foxes on nearby reference sites, and values for foxes on solar sites are within the ranges of values for foxes reported from sites within core population areas. Facilitated by the conservation measures, kit foxes are using at least six facilities in the San Joaquin Desert as are a variety of other species of conservation concern. This successful model also potentially could be adapted to other ecosystems and applied to facilities in regions outside of the San Joaquin Desert, such as the Mojave Desert. Determining whether species in other regions can use photovoltaic solar facilities and identifying the most efficacious conservation measures will require time and testing, and these efforts would benefit from collaborative efforts among landowners, solar developers, natural resources agencies, researchers, and others. The San Joaquin Desert facilities and a recent demonstration facility in the Mojave Desert provide strong evidence that solar facilities can be constructed and operated in a manner that also accommodates continued use of the facilities by some species of conservation concern.
Factors influencing the abundance of wintering western snowy plovers at Crown Memorial State Beach
Authors: Riensche David L.
Published: November 2021

Survival during the nonbreeding season, when mortality from food shortages and raptor predation is highest, influences shorebird population growth. These selection pressures, as well as anthropogenic influences, can shape wintering shorebird habitat use patterns. The western snowy plover (Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus) is a small shorebird that uses sand-spits, dune-backed beaches, open areas around estuaries for foraging and roosting. The Pacific Coast population of western snowy plovers is listed as a federally threatened species and a California Species of Special Concern. Previous studies suggest humans, dogs and corvids are sources of disturbance to plovers on public beaches. During 2014 to 2019, these disturbance factors were examined at Robert W. Crown Memorial State Beach in Alameda, California. In decreasing order of impact, the beach using public, corvids, and dogs were found to be the major stressors to over wintering plovers. Both the public and corvids respectively, resulted in disturbance and avoidance behaviors by plovers nearly 40% of the time. In 2015, the District created the Plover Protection Zone (PPZ) by installing symbolic fencing, signage, and establishing a volunteer team to monitor plovers and educate the public. In 2016, the potential prey abundance within the plover protection zone and areas directly north and south were examined using core samples and sticky traps. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference in the amount of macro-invertebrate prey available in the area used by the plovers as compared to other locations. Habitat choice and prey availability are vital to wintering shorebird. During this study, the wintering population of western snowy plovers increased from six to over 54 individuals.
Budesonide-Glycopyrronium-Formoterol Fumarate Dihydrate (Breztri Aerosphere)
Authors: Reimbursement Team
Published: November 2021

CADTH reimbursement reviews are comprehensive assessments of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, as well as patient and clinician perspectives, of a drug or drug class.
The assessments inform non-binding recommendations that help guide the reimbursement decisions of Canada's federal, provincial, and territorial governments, with the exception of Quebec.
This review assesses budesonide-glycopyrronium (as bromide)-formoterol fumarate dihydrate, pressurized inhalation aerosol for oral inhalation (Breztri Aerosphere) (182 mcg/8.2 mcg/5.8 mcg per metered actuation).
Indication: Indicated for the long-term maintenance treatment to reduce exacerbations of COPD and treat airflow obstruction to relieve symptoms in patients with COPD, including chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema, who are not adequately treated by a combination of an ICS-LABA or a combination of a LAMA-LABA.
MENINGKATKAN KINERJA GURU PRODUK KREATIF DAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN MELALUI PROGRAM SEKOLAH PENCETAK WIRAUSAHA
Authors: ANDAYANI FRANSISKA
Published: November 2021

Meningkatkan kinerja guru mata pelajaran produktif dan kewirausahaan melalui program sekolah pencetak wirausaha, adalah antara lain cara sekolah untuk menghasilkan lulusan yang memiliki jiwa kewirausahaan. Sekolah atau pendidikan menjadi tempat yang sangat strategis untuk menumbuhkan bakat wirausaha. Akan tetapi selain bakat, motivasi dan pengetahuan mengenai berwirausaha juga harus diberikan. Program sekolah pencetak wirausaha merupakan serangkaian kegiatan untuk membentuk dan membuka pola pikir siswa yang akan lulus untuk menggeluti dunia wirausaha, sehingga peserta didik tidak hanya berfikir untuk bekerja diindustri, tetapi sebagai pencipta lapangan kerja mandiri. Program ini membutuhkan lima komponen pendukung yaitu kepala sekolah sebagai penggerak, guru sebagai pembimbing, peserta didik sebagai pelaksana usaha, masyarakat sebagai pendukung dan konsumen, serta pemerintah sebagai fasilitator. Program sekolah pencetak wirausaha dilaksanakan pada Kompetensi Keahlian Agribisnis Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura, Agribisnis Perikanan Air Tawar dan Agribisnis Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan kelas XI, semester ganjil tahun ajaran 2020/2021.
ЕХPRESSION OF THE RNA METHABOLISM IN THE NUCLEUS OF THE EPITHELIAL STROMAL CELLS IN THE MEDULLA OF THE THYMUS IN THE RAT. S EMBRYOGENESIS
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, I.A. Stelmakh , A.A. Artishevski ,   Belarusian State Medical University, V.S. Haidm ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: November 2021

Currently, the thymus is considered as a polyfunctional organ that performs immunological, lympho- cytopoietic and endocrine functions, the performance of which is closely related to the differentiation of T-lymphocytes under the influence of hormones secreted by reticuloepithelial cells of the stroma. In this regard, the article describes the processes of syhthetic activity of RNA in the nuclei of stroticuloepithelial cells of the thymic medulla in the dynamics of embryogenesis of the white rat. According to the results of a quantative cytophotometric study, indicators of the RNA level in the nucleoli of the medulla epithelial stromal cells have been obtained. It was revealed that the synthesis of thymopoetines, which provide the processes of differentiation of immune competent T-lymphocytes of the thymus gland, begins on the 15th day of embryogenesis Subseguently, the secretory activity of RNA in the nucleoli of reticuloepithelial cells increases in waves in the form of two peaks on the 17 and 19 days of embryogenesis. By the time the fetus is born, on day 21. there is consistently high and uniform level of thymopoetines, which determine the thymus as a finally differentiated immunocompetential organ that provides the mechanismes of cellular immunity.
STAGES OF FORMATION OF THE FIRST PERMANENT MOLARS IN CHILDREN
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, N.D. Chernyavskaya , T.N. Terekhova ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: November 2021

First Permanent Molars (1M) are the most susceptible to dental caries. Effective prevention of dental caries in 1M depends on the duration of maturation of these teeth. The purpose was to estimate the stages of mineralization of the 1M in children. Methods. The stages of 1M mineralization were examined in children aged from 3 to 10 years on 474 OPG using Demirjian method (1973). Result. The median value of the age at which stage D was observed on orthopantomograms, when the formation of the crown to the cement-enamel junction ends and the beginning of root formation in teeth 16 and 26 is visible, did not differ and was 48 [42—53] months. In teeth 36 and 46—43 [38—46] and 44 [38—47] months, respectively. Median ages of completion of apical foramen formation (stage H) ranged from 114 [105—121] to 114 [107—121] months. Thus, in children by the age of 9.5 years, the formation of the root and mineralization of the first permanent molars ends, which must be taken into account when planning treatment and prophylactic measures.
THE ALGORITHM FOR SPECIES DIFFERENTIATION OF BORDETELLA GENUS PATHOGENS AND THE RESULTS OF ITS USE IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS
Authors:   Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, V.L. Kolodkina , V.S. Martynov ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology
Published: November 2021

Species-specific differentiation of Bordetella pathogens in nasopharyngeal swabs of patients with suspected whooping cough was carried out using developed by us real-time PCR: duplex TaqMan PCR aimed for detecting B. pertussis and B. parapertussis, with primers targeting IS481, IS1001, BP0026 and GAPDH as the human internal control and two singleplex TaqMan PCR aimed for detecting B. holmesii and B. bronchiseptica with primers targeting hIS1001 and flaA specific genes. Among the 3130 throat swab analyzed, B. pertussis, B. parapertussis and B. holmesii were detected in 29.5 %, 0.9 % and 0.4 % of samples respectively. The developed algorithm proved to be a useful molecular-genetic diagnostic tool for whooping cough, established cocirculation of different species of Bordetella genus and demonstrated the predominance of B. pertussis, low rate of B. parapertussis and B. holmesii and the absence of B. bronchiseptica in the circulation in the Republic of Belarus.
MODERN ASPECTS OF CERVICAL DYSPLASIA
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, T.A. Smirnova , A.E. Pilanovic ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: November 2021

Over the past decade, cervical dysplasia has been one of the most common pathologies of the female reproductive system. The term «dysplasia» combines a group of epithelial lesions of the cervix. Due to the fact that this pathological condition has no clinical symptoms at the first stages of the pathological and morphological process, the relevance of modern methods of diagnosis and treatment has increased. With proper and timely diagnosis, it is possible to stop the development of the pathological process without surgical intervention, which will preserve the reproductive organs, as well as prevent the transition of dysplasia to cervical cancer.