bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trajectory Envelope of a Subsea Shuttle Tanker Hovering in Stochastic Ocean Current—Model Development and Tuning
Authors: Ma Yucong , Xing Yihan , Sui Dan
Published: August 2022

A subsea shuttle tanker (SST) concept for liquid carbon dioxide transportation was recently proposed to support studies evaluating the ultra-efficient underwater cargo submarine concept. One important topic is the position keeping ability of SST during the offloading process. In this process, the SST hovers above the well and connects with the wellhead using a flowline. This process takes around 4 h. Ocean currents can cause tremendous drag forces on the subsea shuttle tanker during this period. The flow velocities over hydroplanes are low throughout this process, and the generated lift forces are generally insufficient to maintain the SST’s depth. The ballast tanks cannot provide such fast actuation to cope with the fluctuation of the current. It is envisioned that tunnel thrusters that can provide higher frequency actuation are required. This paper develops a maneuvering model and designs a linear quadratic regulator that facilitates the SST station-keeping problem in stochastic current. As case studies, the SST footprints at 0.5 m/s, 1.0 m/s, and 1.5 m/s mean current speeds are presented. Numerical results show that the designed hovering control system can ensure the SST’s stationary during offloading. The required thrust from thrusters and the propeller are presented. The presented model can serve as a basis for obtaining a more efficient design of the SST and provide recommendations for the SST operation.
Effect of Flapping Trajectory and Interfoil Distance on Propulsive Performance of a Tandem Flapping Foil
Authors: Swain Prafulla Kumar , Naga Sai Abhishikt Challa Balaji , Alekhya Ganti Naga , Dora Siva Prasad , Barik Ashok K.
Published: August 2022

In the present research, a 2D simulation of tandem flapping foil following an elliptical trajectory, i.e., altered from a simple flapping trajectory is performed. The purpose of the research is to evaluate the influence of the trajectory motion of the tandem flapping foil on hydrodynamics characteristics and propulsive efficiency. The study is carried out with tandem foil configurations as in such position, both the foils are subjected to the same flow, which allows the flapping foil to enhance the propulsive efficiencies with proper selection of foil position as well as the foil trajectory. The 2D simulation is carried out with NACA 0012 at Re = 1173 by varying Strouhal number (St) between 0.2 and 0.5. The results show that an elliptical motion trajectory pattern and interfoil spacing of 1cm–2cm (where cm is the mean chord length) between the foils would enhance the propulsive efficiency whereas an unfavorable spacing between the foils causes unfavorable wake interaction, which reduces propulsive efficiency as compared to solo flapping foil. When the results of the current numerical investigation of elliptical trajectory are compared to the results of simple trajectory tandem flapping, the current study shows a significant increase in propulsive efficiency. This study gives new insights in the development of biomimetic propulsors, as it strives to improve propulsive efficiency through the usage of wake vortex.
Numerical Approach on Oblique Wave Scattering by a Wide Rectangular Impediment With a Vent Placed Under a Finite Depth Water Body With Ice-Covered Surface
Authors: Samanta Anushree , Chakraborty Rumpa
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we investigate the scattering of obliquely incident surface water waves on a hurdle as a form of a thick symmetric wall with a gap immersed in a finite depth water body having a cover of a thin ice sheet. In the context of the linear theory of water waves, this two-dimensional problem is formulated as a first-kind integral equation by splitting the velocity potential into symmetric and antisymmetric parts. The integral equation is tackled by using two numerical methods. The first method is the boundary element method where the range of integration is divided into a finite number of small line elements, and choosing the unknown function of the integral equation as constant in each line interval, we reduce the integral equation into a linear system of an algebraic equation. The second method is the multi-term Galerkin Approximation method where the basis functions are chosen as ultraspherical Gegenbauer polynomials to reduce the integral equation to a system of an algebraic equation. These systems of equations are then solved to obtain the unknown function of the integral equation in both methods. Here, very accurate numerical estimates are obtained for the reflection coefficient by both methods which are depicted graphically against the wave number for different parameters involving this problem. Also, there is a good agreement between the results of the reflection coefficient by the two methods.
A Patch-Based Flow Field Reconstruction Method for Particle Image Velocimetry Data of Multistage Centrifugal Pumps
Authors: Xin Jiage , Tong Zheming , Zhu Weina
Published: August 2022

Particle image velocimetry (PIV) technology, which performs the full-field velocity measurement on the laser plane, plays a crucial role in studying complex flow structures in multistage centrifugal pumps. In particle image cross-correlation analysis, the flow field could be corrupted with outliers due to the background Gaussian imaging noise, insufficient illumination caused by optical obstruction, and particle slip caused by centrifugal forces. In this study, we propose a patch-based flow field reconstruction (PFFR) method for PIV data of multistage centrifugal pumps. Since natural images contain a large number of mutually similar patches at different locations, the instantaneous PIV data with a symmetric property is segmented to multiple patches. The flow field reconstruction is achieved by low-rank sparse decomposition, which exploits the information about similar flow characteristics present in patches. Furthermore, we illustrated the proposed PFFR on a large eddy simulation vorticity field and experimental data of a multistage centrifugal pump to evaluate its effectiveness. We also performed the three other data analysis methods. The results show that the proposed PFFR has a strong reconstruction ability to improve data reliability for the instantaneous flow field with outliers. When the outliers account for 20% of the total flow vectors, the average normalized root-mean-square error of PFFR-reconstructed data is 0.143, which is lower than the three other data methods by 21.9%–48.1%. The structural similarity is 0.702, which is higher than the three other data methods by 2.1%–9%.
First investigation on oribatid fauna (Acari, Oribatida) of bird nests in China, with description of a new species of the genus Plonaphacarus (Steganacaridae)
Authors: Liu Dong , Zhang Shuyuan , Zou Yang , Zou Zhiwen
Published: August 2022

In this study, the investigation on oribatid fauna of bird nests is carried out for the first time in China. All oribatid mite material (Acari, Oribatida) were collected from artificial bird nests on the campus of the Nanchang Hangkong University. A list of identified taxa, including seven species and one subspecies from seven genera and seven families, is presented. Of these, one species, Nanhermannia himalayensis Chakrabarti & Raychaudhuri, 1978, is recorded in China for the first time. A new species of the genus Plonaphacarus is described, namely P. nanchangensis sp. nov., which is distinguished from all species of the genus by the presence of four dorsal cristae and short lateral carinae on prodorsum, interlamellar and c1, c2, c3 setae robust and obtuse distally, and setae d on femora I bifurcate. In addition, a key to all known species of Plonaphacarus from China is provided.
Integrating science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) and music: Putting the arts in science, technology, engineering, arts, and math (STEAM) through acoustics
Authors: Ramsey Gordon P.
Published: August 2022

Music is an important part of education and most students are ardent fans. However, the students are not necessarily aware of the artistic and technical details it takes to create what they hear. These details are what necessitate music and technology coming together. Part of science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) education should be to help students appreciate the practical applications that come from each of the entities in STEM, namely, science, technology, engineering, and math. Music provides the connection of these elements with a topic that interests the students and motivates their learning. This paper outlines ways for educators to integrate music with STEM topics and put the “A” in “STEAM” (science, technology, engineering, arts, and math).
Physiological Responses and Performance During a 3-Minute Cycle Time Trial: Standard Paced Versus All-Out Paced
Authors: Dobler Florian , Bachl Philipp , Stöggl Thomas , Andersson Erik P.
Published: August 2022

Purpose: To compare performance and physiological responses between a standard-paced 3-minute time trial (TTSP, ie, pacing based on normal intention) and a consistently all-out-paced 3-minute time trial (TTAOP). Methods: Sixteen well-trained male cyclists completed the TTSP and TTAOP, on separate days of testing, on a cycling ergometer with power output and respiratory variables measured. Time trials were preceded by 7 × 4-minute submaximal stages of increasing intensity with the linear relationship between power output and metabolic rate used to estimate the contribution from aerobic and anaerobic energy resources. The time course of anaerobic and aerobic contributions to power output was analyzed using statistical parametric mapping. Results: Mean power output was not different between the 2 pacing strategies (TTSP = 417 [43] W, TTAOP = 423 [41] W; P = 0.158). TTAOP resulted in higher peak power output (P < .001), mean ventilation rate (P < .001), mean heart rate (P = .044), peak accumulated anaerobically attributable work (P = .026), post-time-trial blood lactate concentration (P = .035), and rating of perceived exertion (P = .036). Statistical parametric mapping revealed a higher anaerobic contribution to power output during the first ∼30 seconds and a lower contribution between ∼90 and 170 seconds for TTAOP than TTSP. The aerobic contribution to power output was higher between ∼55 and 75 seconds for TTAOP. Conclusions: Although there was no significant difference in performance (ie, mean power output) between the 2 pacing strategies, differences were found in the distribution of anaerobically and aerobically attributable power output. This implies that athletes can pace a 3-minute maximal effort very differently but achieve the same result.
Concurrent Validity of Lower Limb Muscle Strength by Handheld Dynamometry in Children 7 to 11 Years Old
Authors: Mahaffey Ryan , Le Warne Megan , Morrison Stewart C. , Drechsler Wendy I. , Theis Nicola
Published: August 2022

Context: The assessment of pediatric muscle strength is necessary in a range of applications, including rehabilitation programs. Handheld dynamometry (HHD) is considered easy to use, portable, and low cost, but validity to measure lower limb muscle strength in children has not been assessed. Objective: To determine the concurrent validity of lower limb torque from HHD compared with isokinetic dynamometry (ID) in children aged from 7 to 11 years old. Design: A descriptive assessment of concurrent validity of lower limb joint torques from HHD compared with ID. Methods: Sixty-one typically developing children underwent assessment of maximal hip, knee, and ankle isometric torque by HHD and ID using standardized protocols. Joint positions were selected to represent maximal strength and were replicated between devices. Concurrent validity was determined by Pearson correlation, limits of agreement, and Bland–Altman plots. Results: Correlations between HHD and ID were moderate to large for knee extension (r 95% CI, .39 to .73), small to large for plantar flexion (r 95% CI, .29 to .67), knee flexion (r 95% CI, .16 to .59), hip flexion (r 95% CI, .21 to .57), hip extension (r 95% CI, .18 to .54), and hip adduction (r 95% CI, .12 to .56), and small to moderate for dorsiflexion (r 95% CI, −.11 to .39) and hip abduction (r 95% CI, −.02 to .46). Limits of agreement for all joint torques were greater than 10% indicating large error in HHD measured torque compared with ID. A positive proportional bias was detected for plantarflexion, indicating that HHD underestimated torque to a greater extent in participants with higher torque values. Conclusions: Maximal torque values from HHD and ID are consistent with those previously reported in the literature. Poor concurrent validity of HHD may have arisen from issues around joint position, joint stabilization, and the experience of the tester to prevent an isokinetic contraction. Pediatric lower limb muscle strength assessed by HHD should be interpreted with caution.
Multiple Viral Protein Genome-Linked Proteins Compensate for Viral Translation in a Positive-Sense Single-Stranded RNA Virus Infection
Authors: Warsaba Reid , Stoynov Nikolay , Moon Kyung-Mee , Flibotte Stephane , Foster Leonard , Jan Eric
Published: August 2022

Genetic duplication is exceedingly rare in small RNA viral genomes, as there is selective pressure to prevent RNA genomes from expanding. However, some small RNA viruses encode multiple copies of a viral protein, most notably an unusual viral protein that is linked to the viral RNA genome.
Evidence for Different Virulence Determinants and Host Response after Infection of Turkeys and Chickens with Highly Pathogenic H7N1 Avian Influenza Virus
Authors: Blaurock Claudia , Pfaff Florian , Scheibner David , Hoffmann Bernd , Fusaro Alice , Monne Isabella , Mettenleiter Thomas C. , Breithaupt Angele , Abdelwhab Elsayed M.
Published: August 2022

Infection with HPAIV in chickens and turkeys, two closely related galliform species, results in severe disease and death. Although the presence of a polybasic cleavage site (pCS) in the hemagglutinin of AIV is a major virulence determinant for the transition of LPAIV to HPAIV, there are knowledge gaps on the genetic determinants (including pCS) and the host responses in turkeys compared to chickens.
Complete Genome Sequence of Flavobacterium sediminilitoris YSM-43
T
, Isolated from Tidal Sediment in Yeosu
Authors: Lee Pyeong An , Cha In-Tae , Lee Ki-Eun , Son Youn Kyoung , Yu Jaewoong , Kim Jin Nam , Seol Donghyeok
Published: August 2022

Here, we report the complete genome sequence of
Flavobacterium sediminilitoris
YSM-43
T
, isolated from a tidal flat in Yeosu, Republic of Korea. The whole genome consists of one circular chromosome of 3,913,692 bp. A total of 3,599 genes were predicted, comprising 3,537 coding DNA sequences (CDSs), 50 tRNAs, 9 rRNAs, and 3 noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs).
Whole-Genome Sequence Data for the Holotype Strain of Diaporthe ilicicola, a Fungus Associated with Latent Fruit Rot in Deciduous Holly
Authors: Emanuel Isabel B. , Konkel Zachary M. , Scott Kelsey L. , Valero David Guillermo E. , Slot Jason C. , Peduto Hand Francesca
Published: August 2022

Diaporthe ilicicola
is a newly described fungal species that is associated with latent fruit rot in deciduous holly. This announcement provides a whole-genome assembly and annotation for this plant pathogen, which will inform research on its parasitism and identification of gene clusters involved in the production of bioactive metabolites.
Genome Sequences of Soft Rot-Causing Pseudomonas Isolates from Spinach
Authors: Wasendorf Chloe , Schultz Dylan L. , Schmitz-Esser Stephan , Peters Nick T.
Published: August 2022

Two
Pseudomonas
strains (SR17 and SR18) were isolated from soft rot-diseased spinach leaves. Here, we report their genome sequences and characteristics.
Laboratory Plasticware Induces Expression of a Bacterial Virulence Factor
Authors: Hansen Philipp , von Bargen Kristine , Jünger-Leif Alexandra , Haas Albert
Published: August 2022

Millions of tons small plastic pieces (microplastic) find their way into the environment every year. They pose digestive and toxicity problems to various life forms in soil, freshwater, and seawater.
Epidemiology of Plasmid Lineages Mediating the Spread of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases among Clinical Escherichia coli
Authors: Mahmud Bejan , Wallace Meghan A. , Reske Kimberly A. , Alvarado Kelly , Muenks Carol E. , Rasmussen David A. , Burnham Carey-Ann D. , Lanzas Cristina , Dubberke Erik R. , Dantas Gautam
Published: August 2022

The increasing incidence of nosocomial infections with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing
Escherichia coli
represents a significant threat to public health, given the limited treatment options available for such infections. The rapid ESBL spread is suggested to be driven by localization of the resistance genes on conjugative plasmids.
The Diversity and Functional Capacity of Microbes Associated with Coastal Macrophytes
Authors: Miranda Khashiff , Weigel Brooke L. , Fogarty Emily C. , Veseli Iva A. , Giblin Anne E. , Eren A. Murat , Pfister Catherine A.
Published: August 2022

Kelps, seagrasses, and surfgrasses are ecosystem engineers on rocky shorelines, where they show remarkably high levels of primary production. Through analysis of their associated microbial communities, we found a variety of microbial metabolisms that may benefit the host, including nitrogen metabolisms, sulfur oxidation, and the production of B vitamins.
Qualification of a Biolayer Interferometry Assay to Support AZD7442 Resistance Monitoring
Authors: Brady Tyler , Zhang Tianhui , Tuffy Kevin M. , Haskins Nantaporn , Du Qun , Lin Jia , Kaplan Gilad , Novick Steven , Roe Tiffany L. , Ren Kuishu , Rosenthal Kim , McTamney Patrick M. , Abram Michael E. , Streicher Katie , Kelly Elizabeth J.
Published: August 2022

SARS-CoV-2 variants harbor multiple substitutions in their spike trimers, potentially leading to breakthrough infections and clinical resistance to immune therapies. For this reason, a BLI assay was developed and qualified to evaluate the reliability of screening SARS-CoV-2 spike trimer variants against anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) tixagevimab and cilgavimab, the components of AZD7442, prior to
in vitro
pseudovirus neutralization susceptibility verification testing.
A combination of plume and subduction tectonics contributing to breakup of northern Rodinia: Constraints from the Neoproterozoic magmatism in the Dunhuang-Alxa Block, northwest China
Authors: Zheng Rongguo , Li Jinyi , Xiao Wenjiao , Zhang Jin
Published: August 2022

Neoproterozoic igneous rocks are widely distributed in the Dunhuang-Alxa Block, northwest China, and record geodynamic processes caused by the assembly and break-up of Rodinia. In this study, we present new petrological, geochemical, and zircon U-Pb-Hf isotope data for the Langshan gabbros in the northeastern Alxa Block. Langshan gabbros (827−819 Ma) have depleted whole-rock Nd (+3.2 to +4.9) and zircon Hf (+4 to +21) isotopic compositions and weak enrichments in large-ion lithophile elements. These rocks were probably derived by partial melting of a depleted mantle wedge metasomatized by fluids released from a subducted slab in a back-arc basin environment. Geochemical and zircon Hf isotope data for early Neoproterozoic igneous rocks are consistent with the presence of a long-lived (ca. 930−810 Ma) retreating subduction zone along the northern margin of the Dunhuang-Alxa Block, indicating it was located at the northern margin of Rodinia. Some mantle plume-related magmatism, including A1-type silicic volcanic rocks in the Langshan Group and Jinchuan ultramafic-mafic intrusions, occurred in the interior of the Dunhuang-Alxa Block, which was similar to early Neoproterozoic plume-related magmatism (ca. 850−820 Ma) in the interior of northern Rodinia. The temporal link between subduction and extension suggests that this retreating subduction zone along the northern margin of Rodinia, in combination with a mantle plume beneath its interior, resulted in lithospheric extension and break-up of Rodinia during ca. 850−810 Ma.
Erratum to: Socialist Modernization of Agriculture: Projects and Implementation
Authors: Il’inykh V.
Published: August 2022

An Erratum to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1019331622330012
Case of metastatic epithelioid haemangioendothelioma from an unknown primary site associated with membranous nephropathy and hypercoagulable state
Authors: Ripa Valeria , Smith Franz , Goodman Jeffrey W
Published: August 2022

We report a rare case of metastatic epithelioid haemangioendothelioma from an unknown primary site presenting with axillary lymph node metastases. The patient also had a new-onset membranous glomerulonephritis and thromboembolism, which we postulate were paraneoplastic. The pathogenesis of this rare cancer, the risk of misdiagnosis and membranous glomerulonephritis as a paraneoplastic syndrome are discussed.
Rare pathogenic mutation in the thymidine phosphorylase gene (TYMP) causing mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyelopathy
Authors: Shah Syed Asfand Yar , Shakeel Hassan Abdullah , Hassan Wajih Ul
Published: August 2022

Background

Mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy (MNGIE) disease is a rare multisystem disorder that mainly affects the digestive and nervous systems. Key features of the disease include cachexia, ptosis, external ophthalmoplegia, peripheral neuropathy and leucoencephalopathy. Symptoms most often begin by age 20 and overlap several other Metabolic and endocrine disorders making the diagnosis challenging. It has been determined that MNGIE is caused by mutations in the gene-encoding thymidine phosphorylase (TP; previously known as endothelial cell growth factor 1).

Case

We herein present the clinical, neuroimaging and molecular findings in a patient with MNGIE caused by a novel homozygous variant of TYMP gene c.1048C>T, which is predicted to result in a premature protein termination (p.Gln350*). TYMP is a gene on chromosome 22q13.33 that encodes TP.

Conclusion

This case highlights the importance of good understanding and early recognition of a rare condition like MNGIE, so that the suffering from unnecessary interventional procedures can be avoided and better multidisciplinary care can be implemented for the symptomatic management of the patient.
Ipsilateral and axial tremor response to focused ultrasound thalamotomy for essential tremor: clinical outcomes and probabilistic mapping
Authors: Yamamoto Kazuaki , Sarica Can , Elias Gavin J B , Boutet Alexandre , Germann Jurgen , Loh Aaron , Joel Suresh E , Bigioni Luca , Gwun Dave , Gramer Robert , Li Stanley Xiangyu , Zemmar Ajmal , Vetkas Artur , Algarni Musleh , Devenyi Gabriel , Chakravarty Mallar , Hynynen Kullervo , Scantlebury Nadia , Schwartz Michael L , Lozano Andres M , Fasano Alfonso
Published: August 2022

Background

MR-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) thalamotomy has been shown to be a safe and effective treatment for essential tremor (ET).

Objective

To investigate the effects of MRgFUS in patients with ET with an emphasis on ipsilateral-hand and axial tremor subscores.

Methods

Tremor scores and adverse effects of 100 patients treated between 2012 and 2018 were assessed at 1 week, 3, 12, and 24 months. A subgroup analysis of ipsilateral-hand tremor responders (defined as patients with ≥30% improvement at any time point) and non-responders was performed. Correlations and predictive factors for improvement were analysed. Weighted probabilistic maps of improvement were generated.

Results

Significant improvement in axial, contralateral-hand and total tremor scores was observed at all study visits from baseline (p<0.0001). There was no significant improvement in ipsilateral subscores. A subset of patients (n=20) exhibited group-level ipsilateral-hand improvement that remained significant through all follow-ups (p<0.001). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that higher baseline scores predict better improvement in ipsilateral-hand and axial tremor. Probabilistic maps demonstrated that the lesion hotspot for axial improvement was situated more medially than that for contralateral improvement.

Conclusion

MRgFUS significantly improved axial, contralateral-hand and total tremor scores. In a subset of patients, a consistent group-level treatment effect was observed for ipsilateral-hand tremor. While ipsilateral improvement seemed to be less directly related to lesion location, a spatial relationship between lesion location and axial and contralateral improvement was observed that proved consistent with the somatotopic organisation of the ventral intermediate nucleus.

Trial registration numbers

NCT01932463,NCT01827904, andNCT02252380.
Beta blocker versus ivabradine for cardiovascular outcomes among patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Hu Wei Syun , Lin Cheng Li
Published: August 2022

Purpose

We conducted a retrospective observational study using Taiwanese insurance records to examine the association between beta blocker (BB)/ ivabradine (IVA) and cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods

A total of 1884 AF subjects were enrolled. The propensity score-matching technique was applied to estimate the effect of IVA by accounting for the covariates. The CV outcomes included hospitalisation/rehospitalisation due to acute myocardial infarction, heart failure (HF), haemorrhagic stroke, ischaemic stroke, CV death and all-cause death. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate crude and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results

IVA users were found to have a higher risk of HF requiring admission (adjusted HR=2.01; 95% CI 1.67 to 2.42), and all cause death (adjusted HR=1.47; 95% CI 1.11 to 1.94) after adjusting for age, sex, comorbidities and medications.

Conclusion

Concerning adverse clinical events, IVA might not be appropriate for patients with AF.
Habitat preferences of young-of-year spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus) in Rondeau Bay, Lake Erie
Authors: McAllister Keith , Drake D. Andrew R. , Power Michael
Published: August 2022

The young-of-year (YOY) habitat of many fishes listed under the Species at Risk Act (SARA) is poorly described, yet identifying critical habitat is essential to ensure species recovery. Past research on the Endangered spotted gar ( Lepisosteus oculatus Winchell, 1864) in Canada has focused on the habitat use of adults and juveniles, but little is known about the occurrence and habitat use of YOY. Dip net and aquatic habitat sampling were performed in nearshore (lakefront, agricultural drain), mid-channel (agricultural drain), and offshore sites within Rondeau Bay to determine the fine-scale habitat occupancy patterns of age-0 spotted gar. Habitat preference analysis indicated YOY spotted gar strongly preferred shallow (0.5–1.0 m), vegetated, nearshore (lakefront and agricultural drain) habitat and avoided offshore habitat. An association between submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) and fish size was also found, as dependence on SAV diminished as total length increased. Our study represents the first capture and assessment of habitat associations of early-stage YOY spotted gar in Canada. Given our findings, management efforts should focus on protecting the vegetated nearshore habitat in Rondeau Bay and other occupied locations in Lake Erie to ensure the long-term persistence of spotted gar in Canada.
Flavor-changing neutral currents in the Higgs sector
Authors: Sher Marc
Published: August 2022

This review considers models with extended Higgs sectors in which there are tree-level flavor-changing neutral currents (FCNC) mediated by scalars. After briefly reviewing models without tree-level FCNC, several models with such currents are discussed. A popular mass-matrix ansatz, in which the flavor-changing couplings are the geometric mean of the individual flavor couplings, is presented. While it provided a target for experimentalists for three decades, it is now being severely challenged by experiments. Couplings expected to be of [Formula: see text] must be substantially smaller and the ansatz is now not favored. The minimal flavor violation hypothesis is introduced. Then specific models are presented, including the Branco–Grimus–Lavoura models. These models are not yet excluded experimentally, but they are highly predictive and will be tested once heavy Higgs bosons are discovered. We then turn to flavorful models and flavor-changing decays of heavy Higgs bosons, and it is shown that in many of these models, the heavy Higgs could predominantly decay in a flavor-changing manner (such as [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text]) and experimentalists are encouraged to include these possibilities in their searches.
Investigation of gate-source overlap impact on the performance of different SOI-TFETs with T-shaped channel
Authors: Meshkin Reza
Published: August 2022

This paper presents three different structures of SOI-TFET. Using silicon and germanium as source material and placing a high-doped [Formula: see text] layer at the source/ channel interface, these different structures are formed. All of the architectures have a [Formula: see text]-shaped channel and the thickness of the source and drain regions are less than the channel thickness. At first, the impact of gate-to-source overlap on the DC performance metrics of these tunneling field-effect transistor (TFETs) is investigated by 2D numerical simulations. The results indicate that the gate overlap on the source can improve the performance of the devices with [Formula: see text]-shaped channels. Then, the proposed structures have been analyzed in terms of AC analysis when the overlap of the gate on the source is 50%. It is confirmed that the Ge-source [Formula: see text]-channel SOI-TFET with gate-source overlap shows better results overall in comparison to the other structures. This device provides [Formula: see text] S, [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] Hz and shows strong potential to design fast electronic switches.
New Tsallis agegraphic dark energy
Authors: Pankaj  , Pandey Bramha Dutta , Kumar P. Suresh , Sharma Umesh Kumar
Published: August 2022

The proposed model is a study of the nature of dark energy through nonextensive Tsallis entropy. The method is based on the Karolyhazy relation which is a combined idea from quantum physics and general relativity. Dark energy is the energy density of quantum fluctuations in spacetime. This is the key idea behind proposing agegraphic dark energy (ADE) models here. The parameter [Formula: see text] is used to measure the quantitative distinction from the standard scenario. To look at the cosmological implications of the hypothesized dark energy model, as well as the expansion of the universe filled with zero pressure matter and the resulting dark energy alternatives, the role of IR cutoff is played by age of the universe. The dynamic behavior of dark energy density parameter is carried out. The expressions for the equation of state parameter and deceleration parameter are obtained. The analysis is performed by taking into account a no flow as well as a flow of energy among the dark matter and dark energy sectors of the universe.
An Efficient Syllable-Based Speech Segmentation Model Using Fuzzy and Threshold-Based Boundary Detection
Authors: Kumari Ruchika , Dev Amita , Kumar Ashwani
Published: August 2022

To develop a high-quality TTS system, an appropriate segmentation of continuous speech into the syllabic units plays a vital role. The significant objective of this research work involves the implementation of an automatic syllable-based speech segmentation technique for continuous speech of the Hindi language. Here, the parameters involved in the segmentation process are optimized to segment the speech syllables. In addition to this, the proposed iterative splitting process containing the optimum parameters minimizes the deletion errors. Thus, the optimized iterative incorporation can discard more insertions without merging the frequent non-iterative incorporation. The mixture of optimized iterative and iterative incorporation provides the best accuracy with the least insertion and deletion errors. The segmentation output based on different text signals for the proposed approach and other techniques namely GA, PSO and SOM is accurately segmented. The average accuracy obtained for the proposed approach is high with 97.5% than GA, PSO and SOM. The performance of the proposed algorithm is also analyzed and gives better-segmented accuracy when compared with other state-of-the-art methods. Here, the syllable-based segmented database is suitable for the speech technology system for Hindi in the travel domain.
Transformation and Development of the Coal-Based Energy Industry Under the Goals of Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality
Authors: JIANG Dalin
Published: August 2022

The coal-based energy industry plays a huge role in supporting the development of a national economy. As China pledges to achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals, how to keep a balance between carbon emission reduction and coal consumption has become a serious problem and daunting challenge facing the industrial chain of coal-based energy for a long time. The prospects for the coal mining industry are increasingly limited under carbon constraints. Faced with serious challenges in its positioning and technological development, the coal-fired power industry is suffering the consequences of negative environmental externalities. Therefore, the low-carbon transformation of China’s coal-based energy industry is necessary and urgent. This paper conducts an in-depth analysis of the development status of China’s coal-based energy industry under the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals and the obstacles in the transformation and upgrade of the coal-based energy industry, and comes up with response strategies. The future coal-based energy industry should make full use of emerging low-carbon clean technologies such as carbon capture, utilization, and storage to achieve low-carbon transformation, and upgrade of the entire industrial chain, following the current development trends.
Assessing the predictive capability of the empirical Shale Gouge Ratio–buoyancy pressure calibration: implications for estimating CO
2
column heights
Authors: Bretan Peter
Published: August 2022

Current workflows for estimating the maximum height of sequestrated CO
2
trapped by fault-rock seal are based on an empirically derived predictive relationship between fault-zone shale content estimated using the Shale Gouge Ratio (SGR) algorithm and buoyancy pressure. The predictive capability of this relationship has been assessed using observed in-place column height data from 25 fault-bounded traps containing gas or oil only. Two-thirds of gas-only traps have an observed trapped column that is more than 67% of the maximum predicted column height. By contrast, only 14% of oil-only traps have an observed column height of more than 67% of the maximum predicted column height. The existing SGR–buoyancy pressure calibration relationship is more optimal for low density (<450 kg m
−3
) buoyant fluids but is less so for higher density fluids (>650 kg m
−3
) such as oil. A new SGR–buoyancy pressure relationship has been derived for oil-only data. Fault seal envelopes for oil-only data exhibit a ‘reclined’ trend which implies a limited increase in seal strength and hence column height, with increasing SGR. As sequestrated CO
2
is likely to have fluid properties (interfacial tension, wettability and density) similar to that of oil in the subsurface, an empirical calibration relationship based on oil-only data should be used as a first-order predictor for CO
2
column heights.
Self-sealing mafic sills for carbon and hydrogen storage
Authors: Schmitt Rhiannon R. , Andrews Graham D. M. , Moore Jonathan , Paronish Thomas , Workman Scott , Gumowski Layne M. , Brown Sarah R. , Crandall Dustin , Neubaum John
Published: August 2022

Tabular igneous intrusions (sills) are common features in sedimentary basins and have the potential to be useful seals for fluids (e.g. CO
2
or H
2
) in geological storage scenarios, and may be important as the need for geological carbon sequestration and alternative fuel storage increases. This is advantageous in regions without ready access to large-volume reservoirs in depleted hydrocarbon plays and saline aquifers, such as the northeastern USA. Moreover, geological H
2
storage requires more demanding conditions than those typically associated with oil and gas. An enhanced seal will have the properties of a traditional seal – competent, low permeability and laterally extensive – with the addition of being able to self-seal pre-existing and induced fractures. Self-sealing will occur along fluid pathways like fractures where CO
2
, water and minerals like plagioclase, olivine and pyroxene react together. Dolerite sills from the Gettysburg Basin, Pennsylvania, have remarkably low permeability and homogeneous compositions that include minerals that will readily react with CO
2
dissolved in water. Here, we characterize the physical properties and chemical gradients within several mafic sills cored in five boreholes. In addition, preliminary CO
2
-reaction experiments on dolerite samples demonstrated rapid carbonate mineralization.
First Things First? Order Effects in Online Product Recommender Systems
Authors: Guo Xunhua , Wang Lingli , Zhang Mingyue , Chen Guoqing
Published: August 2022

Research on recommender systems has noted that the ranking of recommended items may play an important role in the performance of recommendation algorithms. To advance recommender systems research beyond the traditional approach that ranks recommended products in descending, it is crucial to understand the cognitive processes that online consumers experience when they evaluate products in a sequence. Drawing on evaluability theory and the order effects perspective, we formulate a scenario in which two products are presented sequentially and each product has two attributes, one of which can be evaluated independently while the other is difficult to evaluate without comparison. Analyses show that in two out of the three cases examined, presenting the most recommended product in the second place will result in stronger consumer purchase intentions and willingness to pay. Research hypotheses are proposed based on the results of the scenario analyses and are empirically tested through three laboratory experiments. In Study 1, evidence for the hypothesized order effects is found for the settings with randomly assigned product recommendations. In Study 2, the same effects are observed for the settings with personalized recommendations generated by a collaborative filtering algorithm. In Study 3, it is shown that such order effects also exist in terms of the recommendation strength of recommender systems. These findings provide novel insights into the behavioral implications of using recommender systems in e-commerce, shedding light on additional means of improving the design of such systems.
Correlations between Thermal Parameters and Glass Forming Abilities of Bulk Metallic Glasses Unveiled by Datamining
Authors: Saidi Fatiha , Yahia Ibrahim S. , Zahran Heba Y. , Algarni Hamed
Published: August 2022

Datamining informatics techniques such as principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS) were applied to identify the composition characteristics of bulk metallic glasses with high glass forming abilities. It was pointed out that the reduced glass transition temperature T

g

/T

l
was comparatively the best indicator but no single indicator can reflect all the glass forming abilities of different alloy systems.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae-Induced Rash and Mucositis (MIRM) Mimicking Behçet’s Disease and Paraneoplastic Pemphigus (PNP)
Authors: Jain Hanish , Singh Garima , Endy Timothy
Published: August 2022

MIRM is an uncommon entity characterized by prominent mucositis, usually with sparse cutaneous involvement. The diagnosis of MIRM can be challenging due to the lack of awareness amongst clinicians. Patients with Behçet’s disease usually present with recurrent and painful mucocutaneous ulcers, while other clinical manifestations of the disease are more variable. Here, we describe an interesting case of MIRM mimicking Behçet’s disease and PNP highlighting the overlapping manifestations and diagnostic challenges.
Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription in Naolingsu Capsule Based on Combinative Method of Fingerprint, Quantitative Determination, and Chemometrics
Authors: Xu Lili , Jiao Yang , Cui Weiliang , Wang Bing , Guo Dongxiao , Xue Fei , Mu Xiangrong , Li Huifen , Lin Yongqiang , Lin Huibin
Published: August 2022

Background. Naolingsu capsule (NLSC) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription in China. It is widely used to treat neurasthenia, insomnia, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, and other diseases. However, its inalienable chemical groups have not been carried out. Methods. We first established the nontargeted investigation based on fingerprinting coupled with UHPLC-Q/TOF-MS/MS. Second, the quantitative methods based on HPLC-DAD and LC-MS/MS were connected to the synchronous quantitative assurance of eleven and fourteen marker compounds. Finally, the quantitative information was processed with SIMCA-P for differentiating the distinctive bunches of samples to screen the foremost appropriate chemical markers. Results. The similarity of HPLC fingerprints of 24 batches of NLSC samples was 0.645–0.992. In total, 37 flavonoids, 21 organic acids, 22 lignans, 13 saponins, and 20 other compounds were recognized in NLSC by the UHPLC-Q/TOF-MS/MS method. The quantitative determination was approved for linearity, discovery limits, accuracy, repeatability, soundness, and precision. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) models accomplished the great classification of the samples from the five enterprises, respectively. Rehmannioside D (RD), methylophiopogonanone A (MPA), 3,6′-disinapoyl sucrose (DS), schisandrin B (SSB), epimedin C (EC), icariin (ICA), and jujuboside B (JB) were considered as the potential chemical markers for NLSC quality control. Conclusion. The experimental results illustrated that the combinative strategy was valuable for quick pharmaceutical quality assessment, which can potentially differentiate the origin, decide the realness, and assess the overall quality of the formulation.
A Distributed Resource Allocation Algorithm for the General Linear Multiagent Systems
Authors: Li M. , Shao B. , Shi X.
Published: August 2022

We study the distributed resource allocation problem for heterogeneous multiagent systems over an undirected graph, an essential issue in multiagent system coordinated control and complex network system control. The decision variable is subject to global equality and local convex set constraints, and the objective is smooth and convex. It aims to minimize the global objective function by exchanging neighboring information between agents. An adaptive distributed algorithm is designed using the distance function-based exact penalty function method. A state- and time-based triggering condition is designed to avoid continuous communication and reduce the communication burden. From a random initial state, the proposed algorithm asymptotically converges to the optimal value by means of LaSalle’s invariance principle. Finally, examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm.
Adaptive Trajectory Tracking Algorithm of a Quadrotor with Sliding Mode Control and Multilayer Neural Network
Authors: Niu Kang , Yang Di , Chen Xi , Wang Rong , Yu Jianqiao
Published: August 2022

To improve the trajectory tracking accuracy, the anti‐jamming performance, and the environment adaptability of a quadrotor, the paper proposes a new adaptive trajectory tracking algorithm with multilayer neural network and sliding mode control method. The major difference between other related approaches is that the paper uses the multilayer neural network in the system and the neural network is online computing in the whole process. Firstly, the paper establishes the quadrotor dynamic model and introduces the conception of Sigma‐Pi neural network. Then, the paper adds the neural network to the attitude and trajectory tracking control loop. Moreover, the paper designs the adaptive neural network control law. At last, to illustrate the stability of the adaptive control law, the paper gives the Lyapunov stability analysis. Finally, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method, the paper gives different types of simulation. Comparing with different cases, when increasing the layer of the neural network, the trajectory tracking performance becomes better. In addition, introducing multilayer neural network into the system could improve the anti‐interference ability of the system and has a high‐precision in tracking the desire trajectory.
Outcomes-Based Assessment and Lessons Learned in ABET-CAC Accreditation: A Case Study of the American University in the Emirates
Authors: Zaid Abualkishik Abedallah , Atassi Reem , Singh Abhilasha , Elhoseny Mohamed , Alwan Ali A. , Iqbal Razi , Khelifi Adel
Published: August 2022

ABET accreditation is sought globally for engineering and technology academic programs due to the quality, added value, and competitiveness it adds to students, program, and the university locally, regionally, and globally. Aligning with its mission to prepare students as global citizens for future career aspirations and lifelong learning through quality teaching, the American University in the Emirates (AUE) focuses on outcome-based education to ensure the employability of graduates and hence soon realized the significance of the Accreditation Board of Engineering and Technology-Computing Accreditation Commission (ABET-CAC) standard toward the Computer Science (CS) program. While pursuing ABET accreditation was challenging, the outcome was positive, and currently, the Computer Science Program, with its two specializations in Network Security and Digital Forensics is ABET-accredited. The process required support from all units within the institution and was a great learning experience for all stakeholders. ABET draws generic requirements to be fulfilled by a program seeking accreditation without a detailed procedure to achieve them. However, there is little information about achieving these requirements, especially criterion 4: continuous improvement, which most programs fail to comply with according to ABET. This study presented a comprehensive and reproducible methodology that addresses our successful efforts in aligning the CS program with ABET-CAC requirements by emphasizing criterion 4. This article reported the evaluation of Student Outcomes number one and two for the academic year 2020–2021 through a comprehensive framework. The framework showed data collection, data reporting and analysis, actions, and recommendations for the next academic cycle. The framework showed a mathematical model for calculating the Student Outcomes (SOs) attainment based on the mapped Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs). Finally, the recommendations were reported. We believe this article established a solid foundation that would be beneficial for insinuations pursuing ABET accreditation.