bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Retinal artery occlusion as a probable idiosyncratic reaction to topical minoxidil: a case report
Authors: Venkatesh Ramesh , Pereira Arpitha , Reddy Nikitha Gurram , Yadav Naresh Kumar
Published: October 2021

Background

Minoxidil hair formulation is commonly used for the treatment of male or female androgenic alopecia. This over-the-counter product is considered safe, but should be used with caution. Ocular side effects following topical minoxidil use are rarely reported. In this paper, we report a rare case of inferior hemiretinal artery occlusion possibly caused by topical 5% minoxidil treatment.

Case description

A 21-year-old Asian Indian male presented to the retina clinic with sudden onset blurring of vision and superior visual field loss in the right eye since morning. He was diagnosed with androgenic alopecia and was on treatment with topical 5% minoxidil spray twice a day for the last 3 years. On examination, his corrected distance visual acuity was 6/6, N6 in both eyes. Anterior segment examination and intraocular pressure in both eyes and left eye fundus were within normal limits. Right eye fundus examination showed features suggestive of inferior hemiretinal artery occlusion, which were confirmed on fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography. A detailed systemic evaluation and investigations (blood pressure, random blood sugar, hematological and coagulation profile, serum homocysteine level, Mantoux test, chest x-ray, cardiac two-dimensional echography, thyroid function test, and immunological profile) did not detect any abnormalities. The ocular condition and its visual prognosis were explained to the patient, and he was asked to review after 4 weeks.

Conclusion

Though there is no definite cause–outcome relationship between topical minoxidil use and retinal artery occlusion development, this possibility should be kept in mind when observing retinal vascular occlusion cases with concurrent use of topical minoxidil.
The establishment of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D reference intervals in children aged 0–14 years in Zigong area, China
Authors: Yu Jianhong , He Xiaoping , Huang Shengwei
Published: October 2021

Objective

To establish the reference interval of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in apparently healthy children in Zigong, China, using an indirect method to provide a basis for proper clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Methods

A total of 1851 apparently healthy children of the Children’s Health Care Department in Zigong First People’s Hospital between January 2016 and December 2020 were included in the study. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was used to analyze the data for normality, and the non-normally distributed data were transformed into approximately normal distribution by Blom's normal rank transformation, and the transformed data were excluded from outliers by the quartile spacing method, and the data were stratified and analyzed according to sex, age, and season. The data were stratified according to sex, age, and season, and the area between the 2.5% and 97.5% percentile points was used as the reference interval.

Results

The serum 25(OH)D data were non-normally distributed. The data were normally distributed after Blom’s normality rank transformation, and 92 cases of outliers were excluded from the transformed data according to the interquartile spacing method. The differences in serum 25(OH)D levels between sex were not statistically significant (P > 0.05), and there was no need to establish reference intervals based on sex. There was no statistically significant difference in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels between winter and spring, and also no difference between summer and autumn (P > 0.05), and the levels were lower in winter-spring than in summer-autumn. Comparison between age groups showed that there was no statistically significant difference in serum 25(OH)D levels between the < 6 months group and the 6 ~ 11 months group, and between the 6 ~ 9 years group and the 10 ~ 14 years group (P > 0.05); serum 25(OH)D levels decreased with increasing age. There was an interactive effect of season and age group on 25(OH)D levels, and the corresponding reference intervals were established according to different seasons and age groups. In summer and autumn, the reference intervals of serum 25(OH)D for < 1 year, 1 ~ 2 years, 3 ~ 5 years, and 6 ~  14 years were 39.86 ~ 151.43, 31.54 ~ 131.65, 22.05 ~ 103.75, and 15.36 ~ 85.53 ng/ml and 24.42 ~ 144.20, 31.54 ~ 131.65, 16.80 ~ 165.68, and 15.46 ~ 85.54 ng/ml in winter and spring, respectively.

Conclusion

Reference intervals for serum 25(OH)D in children of different seasons and ages in Zigong, China, were established to provide a reference for clinical disease diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis determination.
Psychological consequences for family caregivers of patients receiving hemodialysis: threat or opportunity?
Authors: Ebadi Abbas , Sajadi Seyedeh Azam , Moradian Seyed Tayeb , Akbari Roghayeh
Published: October 2021

Background

Family caregivers of patients receiving hemodialysis experience physical and psychological disorders. They are unfortunately neglected. The aim of this study was to explain the psychological consequences for family caregivers of patients receiving hemodialysis.

Methods

This qualitative inductive conventional content analysis research approach was conducted in Tehran, Iran. Nineteen hemodialysis patient caregivers were enrolled via purposive sampling. Data collection was conducted through in-depth and semi-structured interviews until reaching data saturation. All interviews were recorded, transcribed, imported into the Open Code Software, and analyzed using the Graneheim and Lundman methods.

Results

The results included two main categories: (1) threats to the psychological integrity; (2) development of capabilities. The first main category comprised the sub-categories of “care-related negative feelings and emotions,” care-related stress and its behavioral impacts on care, “psychological disorders arising from care provision,” and “impaired quality and quantity of sleep.” The second main category comprised of the sub-categories of “care-related positive feelings and emotions” and “coping strategies.”

Conclusions

The present study showed that though caring for hemodialysis patients threatens the caregiver’s psychological integrity, it provides the opportunity of development capabilities.
The story of critical care in Asia: a narrative review
Authors: Phua Jason , Lim Chae-Man , Faruq Mohammad Omar , Nafees Khalid Mahmood Khan , Du Bin , Gomersall Charles D. , Ling Lowell , Divatia Jigeeshu Vasishtha , Hashemian Seyed Mohammad Reza , Egi Moritoki , Konkayev Aidos , Mat-Nor Mohd Basri , Shrestha Gentle Sunder , Hashmi Madiha , Palo Jose Emmanuel M. , Arabi Yaseen M. , Tan Hon Liang , Dissanayake Rohan , Chan Ming-Cheng , Permpikul Chairat , Patjanasoontorn Boonsong , Son Do Ngoc , Nishimura Masaji , Koh Younsuck ,   for the Asian Critical Care Clinical Trials Group
Published: October 2021

Background

Asia has more critically ill people than any other part of our planet. The aim of this article is to review the development of critical care as a specialty, critical care societies and education and research, the epidemiology of critical illness as well as epidemics and pandemics, accessibility and cost and quality of critical care, culture and end-of-life care, and future directions for critical care in Asia.

Main body

Although the first Asian intensive care units (ICUs) surfaced in the 1960s and the 1970s and specialisation started in the 1990s, multiple challenges still exist, including the lack of intensivists, critical care nurses, and respiratory therapists in many countries. This is aggravated by the brain drain of skilled ICU staff to high-income countries. Critical care societies have been integral to the development of the discipline and have increasingly contributed to critical care education, although critical care research is only just starting to take off through collaboration across groups. Sepsis, increasingly aggravated by multidrug resistance, contributes to a significant burden of critical illness, while epidemics and pandemics continue to haunt the continent intermittently. In particular, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has highlighted the central role of critical care in pandemic response. Accessibility to critical care is affected by lack of ICU beds and high costs, and quality of critical care is affected by limited capability for investigations and treatment in low- and middle-income countries. Meanwhile, there are clear cultural differences across countries, with considerable variations in end-of-life care. Demand for critical care will rise across the continent due to ageing populations and rising comorbidity burdens. Even as countries respond by increasing critical care capacity, the critical care community must continue to focus on training for ICU healthcare workers, processes anchored on evidence-based medicine, technology guided by feasibility and impact, research applicable to Asian and local settings, and rallying of governments for support for the specialty.

Conclusions

Critical care in Asia has progressed through the years, but multiple challenges remain. These challenges should be addressed through a collaborative approach across disciplines, ICUs, hospitals, societies, governments, and countries.
Clinical evaluation of periodontal pathogen levels by real-time polymerase chain reaction in peri-implantitis patients
Authors: Ito Taichi , Mori Gentaro , Oda Yukari , Hirano Tomoki , Sasaki Hodaka , Honma Shinya , Furuya Yoshitaka , Yajima Yasutomo
Published: October 2021

Objective

The mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of peri-implantitis are similar to those of periodontitis, and the causative bacteria are believed to similar. Previous studies support an association between peri-implantitis and periodontal pathogen. Thus, we investigated the bacterial flora of peri-implantitis patients in comparison to those of healthy implant and periodontitis patients.

Materials and methods

In total, 70 patients visiting Tokyo Dental College Chiba Hospital were divided into four groups: healthy, periodontitis, healthy implant, and peri-implantitis. For each group, the following five periodontal pathogens were detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction: Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, and Prevotella intermedia.

Results

The average copy number of total bacteria was significantly higher in the periodontitis group than in the other groups. P. gingivalis was detected in the periodontitis and peri-implantitis groups at levels as high as 18.92% and 12.29%, respectively, and P. intermedia was found in the peri-implantitis group at a rate of 2.06%. Nevertheless, periodontal pathogens were generally detected at lower levels in the peri-implantitis group than in the periodontitis group.

Conclusion

We found lower bacterial counts in the peri-implantitis group relative to the periodontitis group. Our results suggest that the peri-implant tissue is less resistant to bacteria, so even a small number of bacteria can be a risk factor for peri-implantitis and the causative agent of peri-implantitis can be bacteria other than periodontal pathogen.
Communicating the Information Needed for Treatment Decision Making Among Patients With Pancreatic Cancer Receiving Preoperative Therapy
Authors: Lee Howard J. , Qian Carolyn L. , Landay Sophia L. , O'Callaghan Deirdre , Kaslow-Zieve Emilia , Azoba Chinenye C. , Fuh Charn-Xin , Temel Brandon , Ufere Nneka , Petrillo Laura A. , Fong Zhi Ven , Greer Joseph A. , El-Jawahri Areej , Temel Jennifer S. , Traeger Lara , Nipp Ryan D.
Published: October 2021

PURPOSE:

Preoperative therapy for pancreatic cancer represents a new treatment option with the potential to improve outcomes for patients, yet with complex risks. By not discussing the potential risks and benefits of new treatment options, clinicians may hinder patients from making informed decisions.

METHODS:

From 2017 to 2019, we conducted a mixed-methods study. First, we elicited clinicians' (n = 13 medical, radiation, and surgery clinicians), patients' (n = 18), and caregivers' (n = 14) perceptions of information needed for decision making regarding preoperative therapy and generated a list of key elements. Next, we audio-recorded patients' (n = 20) initial multidisciplinary oncology visits and used qualitative content analyses to describe how clinicians discussed this information and surveyed patients to ask if they heard each key element.

RESULTS:

We identified 13 key elements of information patients need when making decisions regarding preoperative therapy, including treatment complications, alternatives, logistics, and potential outcomes. Patients reported hearing infrequently about complications (eg, hospitalizations [n = 3 of 20]) and alternatives (n = 8 of 20) but frequently recalled logistics and potential outcomes (eg, likelihood of surgery [n = 19 of 20]). Clinicians infrequently discussed complications (eg, hospitalizations [n = 7 of 20]), but frequently discussed alternatives, logistics, and potential outcomes (eg, likelihood of surgery [n = 20 of 20]). No overarching differences in clinician discussion content emerged to explain why patients did or did not hear about each key element.

CONCLUSION:

We identified key elements of information patients with pancreatic cancer need when considering preoperative therapy. Patients infrequently heard about treatment complications and alternatives, while frequently hearing about logistics and potential outcomes, underscoring areas for improvement in educating patients about new treatment options in oncology.
Optical Field and Chemical Environment Near the Surface Modified Gold Nanoparticle Assembly Revealed by Two-Photon Induced Photoluminescence and Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering
Authors: Jimbo Atsuko , Nishikado Yui , Imura Kohei
Published: October 2021

Gold nanoparticle assemblies significantly enhance optical fields and have been applied for nano-optical devices, biosensing, and chemical reactions. The optical properties of the assembly are, however, less controllable once the assemblies are fabricated on a solid substrate. An assembly prepared at the water-organic solvent interface overcomes this restriction and provides flexible photochemical reaction fields. Additionally, the physical and chemical properties of the assembly can be controlled by modification of the nanoparticle surface. In this study, we investigated the optical properties of the assembly using two-photon-induced photoluminescence and surface-enhanced Raman scattering, and demonstrated that the optical field enhancement and chemical environment near the gold nanoparticle assembly can be finely controlled by surface-modification of the gold nanoparticles.
A phenomenological study on experiences of cancer stigma amongst selected people living with cancer in rural and urban Zimbabwe
Authors: Mandizadza Enock , Moyo Stanzia
Published: October 2021

Background: Cancer is a highly stigmatized illness associated with profound adverse impact on communities, families and diagnosed individuals. Notwithstanding extensive theorizing since Erving Goffman’s classical contributions, health stigma is well explicated in context-specific and situated analysis. The current study explored the manifestations of self and enacted stigma among 20 selected people diagnosed with cancer from rural and urban Zimbabwe, who sought quaternary level of health care services in the capital, Harare.

Methods: Phenomenological methodology was enlisted to capture intimate expressions of stigma as expressed about, and by people diagnosed with cancer. Data collection methods used includes semi-structured interviews, key informant interviews and focus group discussions. A semi-structured in-depth interview guide, focus group discussion guide and a key informant interview guide were the tools used to collect the data.

Results: The study identified five themes of stigma, indicating pronounced, complex and multiple catalogues of stigma embedded in the existing socio-cultural milieu.

Conclusions: This study stands to offer invaluable conceptual schemas and empirical insights on health-related stigma, and may aid in nursing and in the design of educational programs meant to combat health stigma.
ESG-Factors and Responsible Investment in the Focus of Strategic Development
Authors: Kirillova Oksana , Zhukova Elena
Published: October 2021

Achieving the sustainable development goals laid down in the national projects of the Russian Federation requires the formation of new strategic guidelines for companies. They can be most succinctly represented by the concept of ESG factors (environmental, social, managerial), which in turn are closely related to the concept of sustainable and responsible investment, which directly addresses financial issues in the light of global risks of climate degradation, ecology, and corporate governance. Revealing the essence, role and place of strategic management based on ESG factors, the authors justify the necessity and possibility of shifting the emphasis of the financial investment market towards responsible investment. The article discusses its main elements, the theory of the relationship of ESG factors with the financial performance of firms, driving the interests of investors, and provides approaches to investment that contribute to sustainable development in various ways.
Competitive Matrix As a Platform for Forming Strategies for the Development of Health Resort Organizations
Authors: Levkevich M. , Bryuhanova N. , Konovalov V.
Published: October 2021

The article presents the results of a study on the competitiveness of health resort organizations. The article analyzes the trends in the development of this socially significant sphere, which made it possible to determine the vector of the state's social policy, comparing it with the stated goals of its implementation. The factors influencing the competitiveness of health resorts are identified. A general competitiveness matrix is constructed, including various sectors, which can be considered as a platform for strengthening the competitive advantages of health resort organizations.
Pioneras de la medicina del siglo XIX a través de sus escritos.
Authors: Iglesias Aparicio Pilar
Published: October 2021

Durante el último tercio del siglo XIX, las pioneras de la medicina moderna, pese a la férrea oposición al acceso de las mujeres a la educación superior y práctica profesional, fueron capaces de transmitir su conocimiento y opiniones a través de conferencias y publicaciones. Comenzaron a construir la historiografía de las mujeres médicas y matronas, divulgaron conocimientos sobre el cuidado de la salud, rebatieron el discurso misógino sobre el cuerpo y la sexualidad de las mujeres y realizaron importantes contribuciones al conocimiento científico. Este trabajo, desde el ámbito de los estudios feministas, pretende proporcionar información sobre algunas de sus obras.
Iris Barry, escritora transfronteriza.
Authors: Camacho Roldán Paula
Published: October 2021

Iris Barry, olvidada y relegada hoy a los bordes del canon, fue una escritora transfronteriza en varios sentidos. Profesionalmente, se convirtió en la primera crítica de cine en Inglaterra y cruzó el océano para fundar la filmoteca del MoMA y crear el primer programa de estudios de cine, llevando a este del cineclub al museo y a la universidad y elevándolo a la categoría de arte. Textualmente, demostró una gran habilidad para cambiar de registro según la publicación y el público al que se dirigía, desde las revistas literarias del modernismo británico hasta el periódico que batió todos los récords de publicaciones a principios del siglo XX, el Daily Mail, así como la edición trasatlántica del mismo.
Behind the scenes: archival research on the theatre works of Alba de Céspedes.
Authors: Cavallaro Daniela
Published: October 2021

Este artículo presenta los primeros resultados de la investigación de la autora sobre las dos piezas teatrales escritas y publicadas por Alba de Céspedes. Discutiendo Gli affetti di famiglia, (1952) escrita con Agostino degli Espinosa, el artículo se apoya en documentos de archivos que se encuentran entre los papeles pertenecientes a degli Espinosa. En el caso de Quaderno proibito (1961), el artículo analiza sobre todo los cambios que de Céspedes aportó a la pieza después de su estreno, para las representaciones al extranjero. A través de documentos de archivos (borradores, cartas, páginas de diario), el artículo intenta reconstruir el proceso creativo de Alba de Céspedes en sus obras teatrales, así como su actitud hacia el teatro como género de expresión creativa.
Smooth and Flexible Dual Optimal Inequalities
Authors: Haghani Naveed , Contardo Claudio , Yarkony Julian
Published: October 2021

We address the problem of accelerating column generation (CG) for set-covering formulations via dual optimal inequalities (DOIs). We study two novel classes of DOIs, which are referred to as Flexible DOIs (F-DOIs) and Smooth-DOIs (S-DOIs), respectively (and jointly as SF-DOIs). F-DOIs provide rebates for covering items more than necessary. S-DOIs describe the payment of a penalty to permit the undercoverage of items in exchange for the overinclusion of other items. Unlike other classes of DOIs from the literature, the S-DOIs and F-DOIs rely on very little problem-specific knowledge and, as such, have the potential to be applied to a vast number of problem domains. In particular, we discuss the application of the new DOIs to three relevant problems: the single-source capacitated facility location problem, the capacitated p-median problem, and the capacitated vehicle-routing problem. We provide computational evidence of the strength of the new inequalities by embedding them within a column-generation solver for these problems. Substantial speedups can be observed as when compared with a nonstabilized variant of the same CG procedure to achieve the linear-relaxation lower bound on problems with dense columns and structured assignment costs.
Partnerships in Urban Mobility: Incentive Mechanisms for Improving Public Transit Adoption
Authors: Siddiq Auyon , Tang Christopher S. , Zhang Jingwei
Published: October 2021

Problem definition: Because of a prolonged decline in public transit ridership over the last decade, transit agencies across the United States are in financial crisis. To entice commuters to travel by public transit instead of driving personal vehicles, municipal governments must address the “last-mile” problem by providing convenient and affordable transportation between a commuter’s home and a transit station. This challenge raises an important question: Is there a cost-effective mechanism that can improve public transit adoption by solving the last-mile problem? Academic/practical relevance: In this paper, we present and analyze two incentive mechanisms for increasing commuter adoption of public transit. In a direct mechanism, the government provides a subsidy to commuters who adopt a “mixed mode,” which involves combining public transit with hailing rides to/from a transit station. The government funds the subsidy by imposing congestion fees on personal vehicles entering the city center. In an indirect mechanism, instead of levying congestion fees, the government secures funding for the subsidy from the private sector. We examine the implications of both mechanisms on relevant stakeholders. These two mechanisms are especially relevant because several jurisdictions in the United States have begun piloting incentive programs, in which commuters receive subsidies for ride-hailing trips that begin or end at a transit station. Methodology: We present a game-theoretic model to capture the strategic interactions among five self-interested stakeholders (commuters, public transit agency, ride-hailing platform, municipal government, and local private enterprises). Results: By examining equilibrium outcomes, we obtain three key findings. First, we characterize how the optimal interventions associated with the direct or the indirect mechanism depend on: (a) the coverage level of the public transit network; (b) the public transit adoption target; and (c) the relative strength of commuter preferences between driving and taking public transit. Second, we show that the direct mechanism cannot be budget-neutral without undermining commuter welfare. However, when the public transit adoption target is not too aggressive, we find that the indirect mechanism can increase both commuter welfare and sales to the private-sector partner while remaining budget-neutral. Finally, we show that, although the indirect mechanism restricts the scope of government intervention (by eliminating the congestion fee), it can dominate the direct mechanism by leaving all stakeholders better off, especially when the adoption target is modest. Managerial implications: Our findings offer cost-effective prescriptions for improving urban mobility and public transit ridership.
KETERKAITAN KINERJA KEUANGAN DENGAN HARGA SAHAM: STUDI PADA PERUSAHAAN SEKTOR PERTANIAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI
Authors: Rahayu Tri Puji , Winarso Beni Suhendra
Published: October 2021

This study aims to investigate the effect of profitability ratios, liquidity ratios, activity ratios and leverage ratios on the stock prices of agricultural sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2016-2020. The sampling technique in this study is the purposive sampling method. The type of data is quantitative research. The data sources used in the study are secondary data from the IDX website and the official website of related companies. The results show that the return on investment, earnings per share, quick ratio, and total assets turnover positively affect stock prices, while the return on equity, return on assets, current ratio, and debt ratio have a negative effect on stock prices.
Shaping and delivering services in primary care: benzodiazepine and opiate withdrawal service
Authors: Fernandez Jeff
Published: October 2021

Dependency on benzodiazepine and opiates is an increasing problem. Jeff Fernandez uses case studies to show how a nurse-led addiction service based in primary care can improve patient outcomes

This article looks at the development of the benzodiazepine and opiate withdrawal service (BOWS) based in addiction services in London. The service was created to implement a manageable and sustainable model that would treat patients with benzodiazepine and codeine-based dependencies. It was envisaged the service would effectively treat patients in GP practices in two boroughs in London. The article outlines what is possible in terms of treatment for patients with issues of opioid dependency, by examining two in-depth case studies. It also illustrates what is possible for nurses in the modern NHS and can be used as a resource to shape and deliver services with positive patient outcomes. Nurses should be seen as shaping and delivering care in the NHS. This is a role that should be promoted to a greater degree, wherever possible.
Lower pelvic tilt, lower pelvic incidence, and increased external rotation of the iliac wing in patients with femoroacetabular impingement due to acetabular retroversion compared to hip dysplasia
Authors: Lerch Till Dominic , Boschung Adam , Schmaranzer Florian , Todorski Inga A. S. , Vanlommel Jan , Siebenrock Klaus A. , Steppacher Simon D. , Tannast Moritz
Published: October 2021

Aims

The effect of pelvic tilt (PT) and sagittal balance in hips with pincer-type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) with acetabular retroversion (AR) is controversial. It is unclear if patients with AR have a rotational abnormality of the iliac wing. Therefore, we asked: are parameters for sagittal balance, and is rotation of the iliac wing, different in patients with AR compared to a control group?; and is there a correlation between iliac rotation and acetabular version?

Methods

A retrospective, review board-approved, controlled study was performed including 120 hips in 86 consecutive patients with symptomatic FAI or hip dysplasia. Pelvic CT scans were reviewed to calculate parameters for sagittal balance (pelvic incidence (PI), PT, and sacral slope), anterior pelvic plane angle, pelvic inclination, and external rotation of the iliac wing and were compared to a control group (48 hips). The 120 hips were allocated to the following groups: AR (41 hips), hip dysplasia (47 hips) and cam FAI with normal acetabular morphology (32 hips). Subgroups of total AR (15 hips) and high acetabular anteversion (20 hips) were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance with Bonferroni correction.

Results

PI and PT were significantly decreased comparing AR (PI 42° (SD 10°), PT 4° (SD 5°)) with dysplastic hips (PI 55° (SD 12°), PT 10° (SD 6°)) and with the control group (PI 51° (SD 9°) and PT 13° (SD 7°)) (p < 0.001). External rotation of the iliac wing was significantly increased comparing AR (29° (SD 4°)) with dysplastic hips (20°(SD 5°)) and with the control group (25° (SD 5°)) (p < 0.001). Correlation between external rotation of the iliac wing and acetabular version was significant and strong (r = 0.81; p < 0.001). Correlation between PT and acetabular version was significant and moderate (r = 0.58; p < 0.001).

Conclusion

These findings could contribute to a better understanding of hip pain in a sitting position and extra-articular subspine FAI of patients with AR. These patients have increased iliac external rotation, a rotational abnormality of the iliac wing. This has implications for surgical therapy with hip arthroscopy and acetabular rim trimming or anteverting periacetabular osteotomy (PAO). Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2021;2(10):813–824.
A colaboração pode ajudar a superar crises?
Authors: Moreira Virginia , Wegner Douglas
Published: October 2021

Este caso de ensino relata o percurso da Moschetti Embalagens em se adaptar ao cenário de crise ocasionado devido a pandemia do coronavírus, dando um enfoque especial em como as capacidades de networking (CN) da empresa foram fundamentais nesse momento. Num período em que infelizmente muitos negócios enfrentam grandes problemas e nem todos sobreviveram, a capacidade de desenvolver relacionamentos e parcerias, praticado ao longo dos anos com seus fornecedores e clientes, foram essenciais em reduzir os efeitos negativos, garantindo a organização certa estabilidade e boa produção. O caso pode ser utilizado em cursos de graduação ou de pós-graduação, em disciplinas que tenham como objetivo estimular discussões sobre as CN s e seus efeitos na performance na empresa. Também pode ser utilizado para discutir o papel da colaboração em períodos de crise.
Análise Interativa Qualitativa: uma contribuição metodológica para pesquisas em sustentabilidade
Authors: De Tommaso Silvia Ferraz Nogueira , Rodrigues Ivete , Pinsky Vanessa Cuzziol
Published: October 2021

Pesquisas na área de sustentabilidade são muitas vezes interdisciplinares. Baseiam-se em problemas complexos e sistêmicos, que demandam ação coletiva entre diversos atores para mitigar riscos e aproveitar oportunidades. A abordagem qualitativa é muito utilizada em estudos em sustentabilidade por meio de métodos como estudo de caso e pesquisa bibliográfica. Entretanto, o uso de abordagens metodológicas sistêmicas é escasso. O objetivo do artigo é descrever os protocolos e procedimentos operacionais do método Análise Qualitativa Interativa (IQA na sigla em inglês) aplicados em uma pesquisa empírica. O IQA é um método adequado para pressupostos epistemológicos complexos e construção de sistemas. O método propõe protocolos baseados em múltiplas fontes de coleta e análise de dados, e participação ativa dos respondentes da pesquisa. Além de contribuírem com seus depoimentos, os constituintes são envolvidos em rodadas de análise e validação dos dados. O estudo apresenta os procedimentos metodológicos usados na operacionalização de uma pesquisa que investigou a adoção de estratégias de valor compartilhado em empresas de grande porte. A sistematização dos protocolos e o rigor metodológico sugerem que o IQA é um método adequado para estudos na temática da sustentabilidade.
Localization of Praziquantel Production and Clonorchiasis Control Program in Korea, 1970s~1980s
Authors: PARK Jungje , JUNG Junho
Published: October 2021

The Korean parasite control program is regarded as one of the most successful examples of health care movement in Korea. This ‘Parasite Eradication Program’ which was conducted from 1969 to 1995, involved testing and treating of 300 million people. In cooperation with Japan, parasitologists and activists who participated in the parasite control program formed a common system called the ‘Mass Testing, Mass Treatment.’ This study focuses on the localization process of Praziquantel, Clonorchiasis treatment production and its application in Clonorchiasis control program. Parasitologists rapidly introduced newly developed Praziquantel, and Korean chemists quickly reverse engineered the compound to evade patent issues. This allowed for the mass production of Praziquantel at a lower price, which in turn enabled a nationwide Clonorchiasis control program. At the same time, low price and stable supply opened the private market for Praziquantel. However, acceptance and understanding of the Praziquantel differed significantly among the stakeholders. For the government, it was a means for policy propaganda, and for the health agencies, it was a means for mass scale control program, while for the public, it was a means for maintaining conventional eating habits without risk of infection. This study reveals how the material end of a disease control policy is accepted and interpreted by different actors.
Quality improvement in the voluntary sector: knowledge, capacity and education
Authors: Quinn Samuel , Macrae Rhoda , Gifford Elaine , Rainey Helen , Andrew Mandy , Rooney Kevin
Published: October 2021

Quality improvement has been proposed as a means of enhancing health and social care on an international scale. Despite being a key stakeholder in health and social care delivery, there is a lack of evidence regarding the adoption of quality improvement in the voluntary sector. For this study, 21 semi-structured interviews and five focus groups were conducted with Scottish voluntary sector staff. A gap analysis was undertaken, and findings were used to co-create educational sessions that may aid capacity building. Our findings suggest that knowledge, adoption and practice of quality improvement are currently variable in the Scottish voluntary sector. Capacity building for improvement is most successful when supported with sector-specific examples and networking opportunities. We conclude that the current policy landscape provides an opportunity for national governments to involve the voluntary sector as an equal partner in the adoption of quality improvement. We make recommendations for researchers and policy makers on how this may be achieved.
Dopamine, sleep, and neuronal excitability modulate amyloid-β–mediated forgetting in Drosophila
Authors: Kaldun Jenifer C. , Lone Shahnaz R. , Humbert Camps Ana M. , Fritsch Cornelia , Widmer Yves F. , Stein Jens V. , Tomchik Seth M. , Sprecher Simon G.
Published: October 2021

Alzheimer disease (AD) is one of the main causes of age-related dementia and neurodegeneration. However, the onset of the disease and the mechanisms causing cognitive defects are not well understood. Aggregation of amyloidogenic peptides is a pathological hallmark of AD and is assumed to be a central component of the molecular disease pathways. Pan-neuronal expression of Aβ42Arctic peptides in Drosophila melanogaster results in learning and memory defects. Surprisingly, targeted expression to the mushroom bodies, a center for olfactory memories in the fly brain, does not interfere with learning but accelerates forgetting. We show here that reducing neuronal excitability either by feeding Levetiracetam or silencing of neurons in the involved circuitry ameliorates the phenotype. Furthermore, inhibition of the Rac-regulated forgetting pathway could rescue the Aβ42Arctic-mediated accelerated forgetting phenotype. Similar effects are achieved by increasing sleep, a critical regulator of neuronal homeostasis. Our results provide a functional framework connecting forgetting signaling and sleep, which are critical for regulating neuronal excitability and homeostasis and are therefore a promising mechanism to modulate forgetting caused by toxic Aβ peptides.
Genotype distribution of cervical HPV among Caribbean women in a population-based study in Martinique: The DEPIPAPUFR study
Authors: Najioullah Fatiha , Dorival Marie-José , Joachim Clarisse , Dispagne Christiane , Macni Jonathan , Abel Sylvie , Sulpicy Caroline , Charpentier-Baltide Huguette , Sainte-Rose Danièle , Salomon-Frechou Béatrice , Dieye Moustapha , Véronique-Baudin Jacqueline , Pré Maurice , Marquet Maurice , Wan-Ajouhu Gaëlle , Janky Eustase , Riethmuller Didier , Cesaire Raymond ,   the DEPIPAPUFR study group
Published: October 2021

The Caribbean ranks seventh among the world regions most affected by cervical cancer. HPV-prevalence and genotype distributions also differ from regions. Knowledge of HPV genotype profiles is important for patients care and HPV vaccination implementation. The objective of this study was to describe HPV genotype distribution and risk factors in a population-based cohort of women in Martinique. In this study, 1312 women were included and underwent cervical cancer screening with successful sample collection between 2009 and 2014. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were recorded. Cytological examination of cervical vaginal smear was performed and classified(Bethesda). Detection of HPV DNA was performed with the PapilloCheck© Kit from Greiner Bio-one. Genotypes were analyzed for18 high-risk HPV (hrHPV) and 6low-risk HPV(lrHPV) types. A total of 1075 women were included with a mean age of 49.1±10.5 years. HPV prevalence was 27.6% (297/1075) with 19.4% (209/1075) women with only hrHPV, 5.3% (57/1075) with only lrHPV. Multiple infections (hrHPV/lrHPV) were detected in 31/240 cases of hrHPV (12.9%). A total of 353 hrHPV genotypes were analyzed; the most common HPV types were HPV51 (11.0%), HPV68 (10.8%), HPV53 (9.1%) and HPV 52 (7.1%). HPV16 and HPV18 represented respectively 4.8% and 4.0% of hrHPV genotypes. Abnormal cytology was observed in 34 cases (3.2%), with 14 ASCUS (1.3%), 10 LSIL (0.9%), 5 HSIL (0.5%), 3 ASC-H (0.3%) and 2 AGC (0.2%). Fifteen (44.1%) were hrHPV and 4 (14.7%) lrHPV; 7 cases of hrPHV were in the age-group 25–34 years. Among 1041cases of normal cytology, 225 had positive hrHPV detection (21.6%). This is the first population-based study of HPV profiles in our country, and we found a high prevalence of hrHPV. The most common genotypes were HPV51, 68, 53. These results could serve for cancer vaccination strategies and HPV surveillance in Martinique.
The influence that Spanish Labour Reform represents on Madrid Stock Market: An empirical analysis
Authors: Sabater Marcos Ana M. , Duarte Atoche Teresa , Laffarga Briones Joaquina
Published: October 2021

Empirical evidence for Spanish Stock Market shows that labour events, like a firm level collective agreement, have informative content for the market due to the loss of wealth that it implies for the investor. Labour Reforms which Spain experienced between the years 2010 and 2012 have allowed the jeopardising of employment and the destruction of jobs, substituting one well paid by another of lower cost for the firm, the cost of dismissal, or the proposals of substituting payoffs by the so-called Austrian backpack, and the elimination of the distinction between temporary and permanent contracts. These Labour Reforms affect many of the accounting and financial variables, which are the subject of analysis and follow-up by investors and analysts, next to the idiosyncrasy of the Open Shop System that is followed in Spain, the present article means to explore the effect on Madrid Stock Market. Our results, applying analysis techniques with decision trees where we control the effect of the economic crisis on the market reaction, show that the Labour Reforms of 2010 to 2012 are incorporated as negative, or positive, information when the investor perceives a possible decrease, or increase, in its future cash flows.
Interoceptive sensibility predicts the ability to infer others’ emotional states
Authors: Hübner Amelie M. , Trempler Ima , Gietmann Corinna , Schubotz Ricarda I.
Published: October 2021

Emotional sensations and inferring another’s emotional states have been suggested to depend on predictive models of the causes of bodily sensations, so-called interoceptive inferences. In this framework, higher sensibility for interoceptive changes (IS) reflects higher precision of interoceptive signals. The present study examined the link between IS and emotion recognition, testing whether individuals with higher IS recognize others’ emotions more easily and are more sensitive to learn from biased probabilities of emotional expressions. We recorded skin conductance responses (SCRs) from forty-six healthy volunteers performing a speeded-response task, which required them to indicate whether a neutral facial expression dynamically turned into a happy or fearful expression. Moreover, varying probabilities of emotional expressions by their block-wise base rate aimed to generate a bias for the more frequently encountered emotion. As a result, we found that individuals with higher IS showed lower thresholds for emotion recognition, reflected in decreased reaction times for emotional expressions especially of high intensity. Moreover, individuals with increased IS benefited more from a biased probability of an emotion, reflected in decreased reaction times for expected emotions. Lastly, weak evidence supporting a differential modulation of SCR by IS as a function of varying probabilities was found. Our results indicate that higher interoceptive sensibility facilitates the recognition of emotional changes and is accompanied by a more precise adaptation to emotion probabilities.
Utilization of modern contraceptive methods and its determinants among youth in Myanmar: Analysis of Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey (2015-2016)
Authors: Lun Ciin Ngaih , Aung Thida , Mya Kyaw Swa
Published: October 2021

Reproductive health service is crucial for youth to reduce maternal and child mortality. However, many young women face unintended pregnancies and pregnancy-related complications due to insufficient knowledge of contraceptive methods and low contraceptive utilization. This study aims to assess the modern contraceptive prevalence rates among youth and identify factors influencing modern contraceptive utilization among youth. We used Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey (2015–2016) data. This study included 1,423 men and 3,677 women aged 15–24 years from all states and regions of Myanmar. We used multivariable binary logistic regression analysis and reported the results using adjusted Odds Ratios (AOR) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CI). Data analysis was done by STATA software (version 15.1). Ever-married youth used mainly injectable contraception, followed by oral contraceptive pills. Never-married male youth mainly used oral contraceptive pills; however, almost all never-married female youth did not use contraception. The modern contraceptive prevalence rates were 14.9% among total youth, 10% among males, 16.8% among females, 1.5% among never-married males, 44.7% among ever-married males, and 54% among ever-married female youth. The knowledge on modern contraceptive methods favored the utilization. Sexually active youth utilized more contraception than sexually inactive youth. We also found geographical variation and low utilization among rural youth. The desire for more children was also a significant predictor of contraceptive utilization among married youth. The utilization of modern contraception was low among Myanmar youth. Reproductive health program needs to be emphasized on the youth population especially in the area with low utilization to have equitable access to quality reproductive health services. Moreover, the revitalization of Youth Information Corner and youth-friendly reproductive health education programs should be implemented to increase reproductive health knowledge and prevent unsafe sex, unintended pregnancies, and abortions which might help in reducing maternal and child mortality. We warranted conducting mixed method studies to explore the barriers and challenges of contraceptive utilization and male involvement in the choice of contraception among youth.
Factors related to lower limb performance in children and adolescents aged 7 to 17 years: A systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Almeida-Neto Paulo Francisco de , Oliveira Vitória Monteiro Monte , de Matos Dihogo Gama , dos Santos Ísis Kelly , Baxter-Jones Adam , Pinto Vanessa Carla Monteiro , de Macêdo Cesário Tatianny , Aidar Felipe J. , Silva Dantas Paulo Moreira , Cabral Breno Guilherme de Araújo Tinôco
Published: October 2021

Background

The literature identifies several factors that are associated with lower limb performance (LLP). However, there is little consensus on which factors have the major associations with LLP.

Objective

Examine, analyze and summarize the scientific evidence on the factors associated with the performance of LLP in children and adolescents of both sexes aged between 7 and 17 years.

Design

This systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement and was registered in PROSPERO.

Data sources

A systematic literature search of five electronic databases (i.e., SPORTDiscus, PubMed, CINAHL, Google Scholar, and SCOPUS) with date restrictions was conducted (2010 to 2021).

Eligibility criteria for selecting studies

Eligibility criteria included (i) a study published between 2010 and 2021; (ii) a research study with observational design; (iii) a study analyzing LLP; and (iv) a sample composed of young people between 7 and 17 years old (regardless of sex).

Analyses

Literature analysis was carried out in English and Portuguese between 2018 and 2021, “blindly” by two researchers. For data sorting, Rayyan® was used. Data extraction and evidence analysis were performed “blindly”, using the Loney scale. The minimum items for observational studies were analyzed by the STROBE checklist. Meta-analyses were conducted based on age group (Childhood [7 to 11 Yrs] and Adolescence [12 to 17 Yrs]) and puberty stages (i.e., Prepupertal and Pubertal). The heterogeneity between the samples of the studies was assessed using the “Cochran’s Q” and “I^2” statistics. Meta-regression analyses were performed to check the factors related to heterogeneity of the studies and to check the associations between chronological age and LLP.

Results

The literature search resulted in 1,109,650 observational studies of which 39 were included in this review. Through Meta-analysis and Meta-regressions, it was possible to indicate that advancing chronological age related to increased LLP (p<0.01), and that in relation to puberty stages pubertal subjects had higher LLP than their pre-pubertal peers (p<0.01).

Discussion

The main findings of the present systematic review suggest that as chronological age advances (childhood to adolescence), neuromuscular systems mature and this may be due to advancing puberty, which is also associated with an increase in LLP.

Conclusion

The factors associated with lower limbs performance are still inconsistent in the literature. However, advancing chronological age and stage of puberty are both associated with increased lower limbs performance.

Trial registration

ID-PROSPERO-CRD42020137925.