bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High‐Performance Electrocatalysts of Potassium Lactate Oxidation for Hydrogen and Solid Potassium Acetate Production
Authors: Hu Jun , Gao Xintong , Li Shanqing , Xie Zhongsheng , Sheng Xinyu , Yuan Zhixiang , Zhang Fei , Chen Ping , Zheng Yao , Qiao Shi‐Zhang
Published: February 2025

With the increasing use of polylactic acid (PLA), more attention is turning to its post‐treatment. Current methods such as natural decomposition, composting, and incineration are limited by significant carbon dioxide emissions and resource waste. Here, an efficient electrocatalytic conversion approach is presented to transform PLA waste into high‐value chemicals, particularly potassium acetate (AA‐K). By combining experimental and theoretical calculation, a high‐performance catalyst Ni(Co)OOH is developed, which exhibits a current density of 403 mA cm⁻2 at 1.40 V (vs RHE) with 96% Faraday efficiency for AA‐K in the electrooxidation of potassium lactate (LA‐K, the product of PLA degradation in KOH). Through in situ spectroscopy techniques and density functional theory calculations, the structural regulation of the catalyst, and reaction pathways of the electrooxidation are elucidated. Further experiments demonstrate the superior catalytic performance of the Ni(Co)OOH catalyst in an industrial‐scale tandem system. In 2 h of electrolysis, 320 g of PLA waste produces 232 L of H₂, yielding 1200 g of AA‐K with 97% purity after neutralization and drying. The system demonstrates high conversion efficiency (approaching 97%) for diverse real PLA waste forms, including powder, cups, fibers, and cloth. This research provides a scalable and sustainable approach for PLA waste upcycling.
Quantum Optics Applications of Hexagonal Boron Nitride Defects
Authors: Çakan Aslı , Cholsuk Chanaprom , Gale Angus , Kianinia Mehran , Paçal Serkan , Ateş Serkan , Aharonovich Igor , Toth Milos , Vogl Tobias
Published: February 2025

Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has emerged as a compelling platform for both classical and quantum technologies. In particular, the past decade has witnessed a surge of novel ideas and developments, which may be overwhelming for newcomers to the field. This review provides an overview of the fundamental concepts and key applications of hBN, including quantum sensing, quantum key distribution, quantum computing, and quantum memory. Additionally, critical experimental and theoretical advances that have expanded the capabilities of hBN are highlighted, in a cohesive and accessible manner. The objective is to equip readers with a comprehensive understanding of the diverse applications of hBN, and provide insights into ongoing research efforts.
Generating Asymmetric Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen Steering between Two movable Mirrors Exploiting Correlated‐Emission Laser
Authors: Qars Jamal El , Essaoudi Ismail , Ainane Abdelmajid
Published: February 2025

Quantum steering is a form of quantum correlation that exhibits an inherent asymmetry, distinguishing it from entanglement and Bell nonlocality. It is now understood that quantum steering plays a pivotal role in asymmetric quantum information tasks. In this work, a scheme is proposed to generate asymmetric steering between two mechanical modes by transferring quantum coherence from a correlated‐emission laser. To accomplish this, quantum Langevin equations is derived to describe the optomechanical coupling between two cavity modes and two mechanical modes along with the master equation of two‐mode laser. By examining the case where the cavity modes scatter at the anti‐Stokes sidebands, it is demonstrated that both two‐way and one‐way steering can be achieved by adjusting the strength of the field driving the gain medium of the laser. Furthermore, it is showed that the direction of one‐way steering can be controlled by varying the temperatures of the mechanical baths or the strengths of the optomechanical couplings. Additionally, it is revealed that the directionality of one‐way steering depends on the modes fluctuation levels of the modes, with the mode exhibiting larger fluctuations determining the direction. This highly controllable scheme could potentially be realized with current technology, offering a promising platform for implementing one‐way quantum information tasks.
Enhanced Electroluminescence and Stability of Sky‐Blue Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Wang Bing‐Feng , Yu Yi , Shen Yang , Wu Yuan‐Hang , Su Zhen‐Huang , Wang Yu‐Tong , Zhang Yu‐Hang , Cao Long‐Xue , Gao Xing‐Yu , Tang Jian‐Xin , Li Yan‐Qing
Published: February 2025

Although remarkable breakthroughs have been witnessed in the field of perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs), achieving efficient and stable blue PeLEDs still remains as a critical challenge to towards commercial applications. Inspired by the protection effect and water‐repellent properties of swan feathers, 2H,2H,3H,3H‐heptadecafluoroundecanoic acid (HFUA) has been designed as adsorbed functional molecule for blue perovskites, which can simultaneously enhance the electroluminescence performance and moisture stability. The HFUA molecule features a long‐chain structure where the carboxylic acid group acts as an anchor, coordinating with undercoordinated lead atoms in blue perovskites. The fluorine atoms at the opposite end of the chain form ionic bonds with the halogen octahedron, thereby stabilizing the octahedral structure. In addition, HFUA adsorption lowers the adsorption energy of organic spacers on the perovskite lattice, optimizing the reduced‐dimensional phase distribution to facilitate smooth exciton transfer. Furthermore, the unique molecular structure of HFUA, rich in fluorine atoms, enhances the hydrophobicity of the perovskite surface, effectively inhibiting moisture penetration and preventing perovskite hydrolysis. The target blue PeLEDs obtain a maximum external quantum efficiency of 22.88 % at 490 nm and exhibit greatly improved air stability under humid and high‐temperature conditions. Our findings provide a unique and effective strategy for producing efficient and stable blue PeLEDs.
Lightweight Composite Aramid Nanofiber Aerogel With Multistage Pores and Layered Structure for Acoustic and Thermal Insulation
Authors: Yan Ran , Qin Wenfeng , Gong Guochong , Chen Wang , Peng Hao , Zhou Bin
Published: February 2025

Aerogels are currently advanced multifunctional sound‐absorbing materials. Aramid nanofiber aerogels (ANFs) also possess lightweight and excellent thermal insulation properties, making them high‐performance materials for extreme environments with broad application prospects. In this study, aramid fibers were used as raw materials, which were uniformly mixed with surfactants and cross‐linkers, followed by ultrasonic pulverization treatment to fabricate multilayered porous hierarchical composite aramid nanofiber aerogels (MPL‐ANFs). The results show that MPL‐ANFs not only retain the lightweight and excellent thermal insulation properties of ANFs but also form a hierarchical porous structure that effectively absorbs sound. Specifically, MPL‐ANFs with a surfactant‐to‐aramid fiber weight ratio of 1:1 exhibit excellent acoustic properties, with a noise reduction coefficient of 0.52 and an average sound absorption coefficient of 0.71. MPL‐ANFs also demonstrate flame retardant and superior thermal insulation properties, with a thermal conductivity of 0.0368 W/(m*K). After heating on a 120°C heat plate, the sound absorption performance of the aerogel remains largely unchanged. This work significantly enhances the potential of ANFs as novel acoustic materials, broadening their application prospects.
Board Gender Diversity and Carbon Trade Finance: Evidence From Multinational Corporations on the Role of Institutional Quality and Cultural Environment
Authors: Oyewo Babajide , Moses Olayinka , Orazalin Nurlan
Published: February 2025

This study investigates whether board gender diversity influences carbon trade finance and ultimately achieves decarbonisation targets. Using a dataset of 5198 firm‐year observations from 336 multinational corporations (MNCs) spanning 42 industries and 32 countries over the period 2006–2022, we employ panel regression analysis to uncover key insights. Our findings reveal that although board gender diversity is positively associated with carbon trade finance, a critical mass of at least four female board directors is necessary to exert significant influence. Our results highlight the critical role of institutional factors, such as high control of corruption, strong voice and accountability, government effectiveness and a strong rule of law, in enhancing the impact of board gender diversity on carbon trade finance. Additionally, cultural environments play a pivotal role in shaping the relationship between board gender diversity and carbon trade finance. Our main conclusions are robust across alternative measures and validated using two‐stage least squares and propensity score matching techniques. We contribute to the literature on board gender diversity and carbon trade finance by empirically demonstrating the role of (in)formal institutional factors that influence the effectiveness of female directors in achieving sustainability outcomes. The findings offer valuable policy and practical implications for managers, regulators and stakeholders, shedding light on the interplay among board gender diversity, carbon emissions management, and the governance and cultural contexts at the country level.
Disclosure Dynamism: TCFD Aligned Climate Claims of UK Corporates
Authors: Cortés Daniel González , Lodh Suman , Akbar Saeed , Nandy Monomita
Published: February 2025

This research examines how climate claims by companies from the United Kingdom have changed over the years, especially when they became certain about the mandate of the Taskforce on Climate‐related Financial Disclosure (TCFD). We use text data from FTSE 100 companies for eight consecutive years, starting from 2016, and apply the robust ClimateBERT algorithm to analyse company statements related to climate claims, where they claim how they take care of climate in their business operations. Our findings show that the total number of corporate climate claims made has substantially increased since 2016, resulting in an overall improvement in corporate environmental claims till 2023. This coincides with the official announcement of the TCFD mandate.Our analyses also indicate that the proportion of claims in each report has increased over the years despite economic uncertainties. Additionally, the study findings reveal that even industries with minimal or negligible climate claims can still be associated with carbon‐intensive activities. The complementary features of the legitimacy and stakeholder theories support our findings. By applying ClimateBERT, our research mitigates existing data challenges, yielding an efficient framework for analysing text through a robust natural language processing model. Our findings will assist policymakers in identifying necessary modifications to corporate climate disclosure and will help assess the impact of the Taskforce intervention on climate‐related financial disclosure.
Viologen as an Electrolyte Additive for Extreme Fast Charging of Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Kathiresan Murugavel , Lakshmi Abishek Kumar , Angulakshmi Natarajan , Garcia‐Ballesteros Sara , Bella Federico , Stephan A. Manuel
Published: February 2025

Although lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) have found an unprecedented place among portable electronic devices owing to their attractive properties such as high energy density, single cell voltage, long shelf‐life, etc., their application in electric vehicles still requires further improvements in terms of power density, better safety, and fast‐charging ability (i.e., 15 min charging) for long driving range. The challenges of fast charging of LIBs have limitations such as low lithium‐ion transport in the bulk and solid electrode/electrolyte interfaces, which are mainly influenced by the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte. Therefore, electrolyte engineering plays a key role in enhancing the fast‐charging capability of LIBs. Here, we synthesize a novel propionic acid‐based viologen that contains a 4,4′‐bipyridinium unit and a terminal carboxylic acid group with positive charges that confine PF6‒ anions and accelerate the migration of lithium ions due to electrostatic repulsion, thus increasing the overall rate capability. The LiFePO4/Li cells with 0.25% of viologen added to the electrolyte show a discharge capacity of 110 mAh g‒1 at 6C with 95% of capacity retention even after 500 cycles. The added viologen not only enhances the electrochemical properties, but also significantly reduces the self‐extinguishing time.
Dental Visiting Patterns and Their Associations With Dental Caries and Periodontal Diseases
Authors: Amarasena Najith , Luzzi Liana , Chrisopoulos Sergio , Mejia Gloria
Published: February 2025

Objectives

This study was conducted to describe the dental visiting patterns and ascertain their associations with clinically assessed dental caries and periodontal disease levels of dentate Australian adults.

Materials and Methods

A three‐stage stratified probability sampling design was used to randomly select a cross‐section of Australians aged 15+ years. Self‐reported oral health and related information was obtained using questionnaire‐based interviews. Dental visiting patterns studied were usual frequency of dental visits, usual reason for dental visit, and use of a regular dentist. Oral examinations were conducted following a standardized protocol in public dental clinics. A total of 5022 dentate adults aged 15+ years who were interviewed and orally examined were included in the current analysis.

Results

Higher proportions of adults with lower education levels and no dental insurance usually visited for a dental problem, made dental visits less frequently, and did not use a regular dentist. Individuals who were usually visiting for a dental problem, making dental visits less frequently, and not using a regular dentist had higher levels of dental caries and periodontal diseases.

Conclusions

Dental visiting patterns of Australian adults were associated with their socioeconomic backgrounds. Usually visiting for a dental problem, making dental visits less frequently, and not using a regular dentist were more likely to be associated with higher levels of dental caries and periodontal diseases. These findings may help clinicians to recognize patients at increased risk for dental caries and periodontal diseases while apprising policy makers to plan and implement programs for dental service provision.
Effects of Repeated Use and Sterilization on the Wear of Zirconia Implant Drills: A SEM‐Based Analysis
Authors: Alevizakos Vasilios , Mosch Richard , Platte Ann‐Christin , von See Constantin
Published: February 2025

Objectives

This study evaluated the effects of repeated use and sterilization on the wear and cutting‐edge integrity of zirconia implant drills.

Materials and Methods

Sixty zirconium dioxide drills (Z‐Systems AG) with diameters of 2.3, 3.75, and 4.25 mm were tested. Drilling was performed in porcine mandibular bone under standardized conditions: 800 rpm, 50 Ncm torque, and 20 N axial pressure. Drills were divided into two groups: Group 1 (sterilized but unused) and Group 2 (30 drilling cycles with reprocessing). Wear was assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at 1000x magnification, applying a three‐grade scoring system. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann–Whitney U test (p < 0.05).

Results

Drills subjected to 30 cycles showed significantly higher wear grades (Grade 2–3) compared to unused drills (Grade 0–1) (p < 0.001). The mean wear grades increased from 0.3 to 2.6 for 2.3 mm, from 0.4 to 2.7 for 3.75 mm, and from 0.2 to 2.7 for 4.25 mm drills. Effect sizes (r = 0.88–0.90) confirmed a strong relationship between repeated use and wear.

Conclusions

Zirconia drills show significant wear after 30 cycles. Although they offer potential as an alternative to steel drills, further research is needed to optimize cost‐effectiveness and clinical durability.

Clinical Trial Registration

Not applicable.
Harmonization of MRI sequences across ERN EpiCARE centers
Authors: Adler Sophie , D'Arco Felice , Mankad Kshitij , Kyncl Martin , Arzimanoglou Alexis , Marusic Petr
Published: February 2025

Neuroimaging investigations are fundamental in the diagnosis of patients with epilepsy. The International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) harmonized neuroimaging of epilepsy structural sequences (HARNESS‐MRI) protocol was intended as a generalizable structural MRI protocol. The European Reference Network for Rare and Complex Epilepsies, EpiCARE, includes 50 centers, across 26 countries, with expertise in epilepsy. We investigated adherence to the HARNESS‐MRI protocol across EpiCARE. A survey on the clinical use of imaging and postprocessing methods in epilepsy patients was distributed among the centers. A descriptive analysis was performed, and results were compared to existing guidelines, as well as a previous survey in 2016. 79% of centers were adhering to the HARNESS‐MRI protocol in all epilepsy patients. All centers were acquiring 3D T1‐weighted sequences, 90% were acquiring 3D FLAIR and 87% were acquiring high in‐plane 2D coronal T2 MRI sequences in all epilepsy patients. In comparison, in 2016, only 50% of centers were following MRI recommendations at the time. Across European expert epilepsy centers, there has been increased harmonization of MRI sequences since the introduction of the HARNESS‐MRI protocol. This standardization supports optimal radiological review at individual centers as well as enabling harmonization of multicenter datasets for research.

Plain Language Summary

Neuroimaging investigations are a fundamental component of epilepsy diagnosis. The International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) has created guidelines about what MRI images to obtain in all epilepsy patients. In this study, we assessed the adherence of expert European epilepsy centers to these guidelines and found that 79% are acquiring the minimum set of MRI scans in all epilepsy patients. Standardization of MRI imaging serves to improve epilepsy diagnosis across Europe.
A global approach to estimating import demand elasticities: Insights from major agricultural sectors
Authors: Muhammad Andrew , Hossen Md Deluair
Published: February 2025

We present a framework for estimating global import demand across 22 product categories. By aggregating bilateral import data by exporting source, we assessed the worldwide impact of prices on import demand by source. This methodology facilitated the analysis of all exporting countries within a unified estimation framework, simplifying the process compared to estimating separate models for each importing country. Results indicate that estimating global demand within a single framework captures the competitive dynamics among exporters while yielding statistically significant and robust estimates. A global approach is especially useful when analyzing factors with global implications.
Liberalization of animal genetic resources trade and local animal productivity outcomes: A natural experiment
Authors: Schaefer K. Aleks , Kim Youngjune , van Winden Steven
Published: February 2025

We assess the effects of trade liberalization in animal genetic resources on farm‐level productivity using a natural experiment on the Island of Jersey. For over 200 years, Jersey banned the import of bovine animals and semen to preserve breed purity. In 2008, the ban was lifted, allowing the import of Jersey‐certified sires and semen. Over the next 15 years, increased genetic access improved animal productivity, health, and genotype but slightly reduced reproductive performance.
Mechanistic Study of the Carbonylation of Aziridines to β‐Lactams: Alkylation, Solvent and Molecular NaBr and MgO Clusters Catalysts Effects
Authors: Jendoubi Abir , Zouaghi Mohamed Oussama , Arfaoui Youssef , Guégan Frédéric , Al‐Mogren Muneerah Mogren , Hochlaf Majdi
Published: February 2025

Using first principles methodology, we show that molecular NaBr and MgO nanoclusters are efficient ecofriendly and transition metal free catalysts for the carbonylation of aziridines to β‐lactams. Multi‐step mechanisms are proposed, where the activation energies of the rate‐determining step are strongly lowered compared to gas phase reaction, exhibiting, however, a unique step. Also, these reactions are viewed to be favored thermodynamically in the presence of these catalysts and also in solvents, in particular in methanol. We suggest thus the use of NaBr and MgO nanoclusters for these reactions. Besides, the present findings allow to explain the experimentally observed regioselectivity of carbonylation of aziridines reactions, where CO is added on the more substituted C of aziridine three‐membered ring. In sum, our work should motivate the use of such ecofriendly catalysts for carbonylation reactions without using transition metal catalysts.
Patients and families reading their discharge summaries: A cross‐sectional analysis of benefits, concerns, and implications
Authors: DesRoches Catherine M. , Herzig Shoshana J. , Dong Zhiyong , Bourgeois Fabienne , Hurwitz Isabel , Garcia Anna , Bell Sigall
Published: February 2025

Background

Transitioning from hospital to home is fraught with anxiety and risk, as patients and family members assume responsibility for caring for themselves.

Objectives

We aimed to explore patients' experiences with reading their discharge summaries and the impact of having this information during the posthospitalization period. We focus on opportunities to address common concerns—such as medication changes, follow‐up steps, and documentation errors.

Methods

An email‐based survey of hospitalized patients with portal accounts discharged to home was conducted between May 2022 and February 2023 at two academic health care centers in Boston, MA. We used qualitative and quantitative methods to analyze closed‐ended and free‐text survey responses. The primary outcomes were patient concerns about medications and the next steps.

Results

Three hundred and ninety‐two patients responded (hospital 1 = 321, response rate [RR] = 19.5%; hospital 2 = 71, RR = 4.9%). Patients reported positive effects of reading their discharge summary, including understanding the reason for hospitalization (66.9%) and next steps in managing their care (72.1%), and knowing how to take their medications (74%). Five percent reported a concern about taking a medication and 9.4% had a concern about next steps. In qualitative analysis of patient‐reported concerns, the most commonly noted were related to explanations and next steps.

Conclusions

Rapidly spreading information transparency could transform how patients engage in care and communicate with clinicians. Patients and families report benefits from reading discharge summaries; however, over a quarter reported a concern. More work is needed in the inpatient arena to understand how to capitalize on data transparency in a way that benefits patients, families, clinicians, and organizations.
A Modified Cauchy Problem With Nonlocal Boundary Condition for a Degenerate Hyperbolic Equation
Authors: Kakharman N. , Kalmenov T. SH.
Published: February 2025

A new class of initial‐boundary value problems with nonlocal conditions on the Newton potential for the case of a hyperbolic equation with characteristic degeneration were set and studied. The a priori estimates of Sobolev norms for the solutions are established. Moreover, some estimates for the standard Bessel functions were established.
Nonlinear Boundary Control and Estimation of Distributed States in a Flexible Manipulator
Authors: Yaqubi S. , Mattila J.
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a novel method for partial differential equation (PDE) endpoint control of a flexible manipulator, without using any form of mathematical simplification in PDE‐based calculations. It simultaneously addresses the issue of the unavailability of distributed states in an infinite‐dimensional flexible dynamic system. This two‐fold approach allows for the incorporation of estimated data describing the pose of the flexible manipulator into a model‐based PDE control scheme, facilitating convenient stability analysis and model‐based control design. This is achieved while maintaining the easily attainable measurement requirements of standard boundary control techniques, which involve the installation of sensors solely at the manipulator's endpoint. To this end, initially a practical, stability‐proofed distributed state observer is presented which is capable of estimating the deflection of the link throughout the length of the flexible arm based on a nonlinear PDE model. To reduce design complexity and the intensity of implementation, the observation is conducted using a novel partial state observer, which relies on a reduced number of system equations corresponding to the distributed state measurement error. Subsequently, the estimated states are used to construct a boundary controller for state tracking and the elimination of endpoint deflection, resulting in precise endpoint control. Furthermore, inevitable deviations from the nominal model are considered, ensuring the boundedness of the closed‐loop system response in the presence of parametric uncertainties through an adaptive design. A rigorous stability analysis of all elements of the closed‐loop systems incorporating PDE models is conducted based on Lyapunov stability theory and the extended LaSalle's invariance principle for infinite‐dimensional systems. Numerical simulations and analysis demonstrate the precision and efficiency of the proposed solutions.
Facile and Ultrafast Microfluidic Photothermal PCR for Autonomous and Quantitative Point‐of‐Care Pathogen Detection
Authors: Zou Yaowei , Liu Mingxu , Gao Zixi , Xue Yaohua , Qiu Jieyu , Zhang Huizhen , Li Xinying , Zhang Chunsun , Shu Bowen
Published: February 2025

Point‐of‐care (POC) pathogen detection is highly desirable in diverse fields such as infectious disease diagnosis, food safety testing, and environmental monitoring. Herein, the study seeks to address this critical need by developing an automated microfluidic photothermal quantitative polymerase chain reaction (AMP‐qPCR) system in a greatly simplified format. A key element of AMP‐qPCR is an architecture that combines the design of a clockwork‐like, magnetically‐driven multi‐chamber cartridge with the use of a cheap black tape beneath the PCR chamber as a fast photothermal‐responsive engine. This not only enables the unprocessed sample to be lysed, purified, and subjected to real‐time fluorescence PCR in an ultracompact and autonomous manner but also eliminates the need for sophisticated photonic material/device fabrication that is frequently required for performing ultrafast photothermal PCR. It is shown that AMP‐qPCR can accomplish high‐efficient bacterial DNA extraction and quantitative PCR within 18.5 min, enabling accurate quantification of bacteria concentration from 108 to 102 CFU·mL−1. Furthermore, its practical applicability is demonstrated in detecting Neisseria gonorrhoeae from sexually transmitted infection‐suspected patients by using clinical urine and cervical swab specimens, exhibiting matched performance to the benchtop automated machine. The presented platform enhances the availability of POC molecular diagnostics for on‐site and in‐home testing.
Panacea: An Automatic Data Migration Framework for Constructing Internet‐Scale Open Data Lakes
Authors: Kim Dasol , Won Heesun , Gil Myeong‐Seon , Moon Yang‐Sae
Published: February 2025

Background

With the recent growth in data‐driven research and development, the need to build integrated data lakes targeting Internet‐scale open data is rapidly increasing. In this study, we investigate the limitations of open data management and Internet‐scale migration to construct an integrated data lake, deriving related problems. First, open data lakes (ODLs) face problems of preprocessing complexity, scalability limitation, and platform dependency owing to their data management method and the characteristics of open data. Second, migrating data from distributed sources to a single data lake incurs problems such as migration incompleteness, scalability limitation, and resource wastage.

Aims

In this study, we propose Panacea, a novel automation framework designed to solve these problems in the construction and migration of ODLs.

Methods

Panacea addresses the first three problems caused by the characteristics of ODLs through automation expansion. Specifically, it resolves preprocessing complexity and scalability limitation by supporting the automation of catalog collection and preprocessing tasks, and alleviates platform dependency through universality across representative platforms by automating detailed catalog processing logic. Panacea also addresses the latter three problems of migration. Specifically, it supports the construction of domain‐based Internet‐scale data lakes by addressing migration incompleteness and scalability limitation through original data migration and automation expansion. Additionally, it tackles resource wastage by providing metadata management functions.

Results

We address the aforementioned problems through automation logic and management modules that consider the characteristics of open data lakes. Comparative experiments with the legacy IMP‐CKAN demonstrate that Panacea performs migrations up to 216% faster in large‐scale experiments and up to 409% faster in large‐volume experiments. Moreover, its automation performance is up to 313% better than that of IMP‐CKAN.

Conclusion

These experimental results indicate that Panacea is an excellent automation framework that enhances the utilization of open data and supports Internet‐scale migration for collecting research data. Furthermore, we demonstrate how to integrate Panacea with the open‐source framework Demeter, which can further enhance data usability. This framework will significantly assist many researchers facing data scarcity challenges.
Insights Into the Complexities of Antithrombotic Interactions: A Core–Shell Particle‐Based UHPLC–MS/MS Method to Investigate Dexamethasone's Influence on Apixaban and Rivaroxaban Pharmacokinetics
Authors: Sayed Rawda M. , Mahmoud Sally Tarek , Mostafa Eman A. , El‐Ashrey Mohamed K. , Moffid Marwa A.
Published: February 2025

The implementation of core–shell particles in HPLC has many advantages in analytical methodologies, including enhancement of sensitivity and resolution. Moreover, high flow rates and short analysis times could be used to achieve efficient separations. A sensitive and specific UHPLC–MS/MS method was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of apixaban (APX) and rivaroxaban (RVX) in rat plasma. This validated method was designed to investigate the potential pharmacokinetic (PK) interactions between dexamethasone (DEX) and both cited drugs in rat model. Separation and validation were performed utilizing a C18 Poroshell 120EC (50 mm × 4.6 mm, 2.7 µm) column with a mobile phase of methanol:water with 0.1% formic acid (95:5, v/v) eluted in an isocratic mode at 0.3 mL/min flow rate. Liquid–liquid extraction method was employed to extract the cited drugs from rat plasma using diethyl ether:dichloromethane (70:30, v/v). The procedure was carried out utilizing positive ionization and multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM) for the detection of the drugs and the internal standard, moxifloxacin. The bioanalytical method was validated using US‐Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency guidelines in terms of selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, recovery, dilution integrity, matrix effect, stability, and carryover. On the basis of the findings of the PK study in rat model, a potential drug–drug interaction was observed between DDI and the cited antithrombotic medications that may lead to a decrease in their plasma concentrations. As a result, these findings can be utilized for further clinical investigation.
Efficient pretreatment method for analyzing microplastics in urban road dust containing composite materials
Authors: Yamamoto Kanako , Lee Soyoung , Tobino Tomohiro , Nakajima Fumiyuki
Published: February 2025

Tire wear particles (TWPs) and road marking paint (RMP) fragments are main sources of composite microplastics (MPs) in urban road dust and contribute significantly to the load of MPs in water environments. However, few studies have investigated the influence of organic decomposition such as cellulolytic enzyme decomposition (EZM) and Fenton (FT), on the abundance and characteristics of composite MPs in the environment. This study aimed to evaluate an organic matter decomposition method suitable for MP analysis using urban road dust containing composite materials, focusing on EZM and FT methods. The EZM has 1.1–4.5 times as high recovery of synthetic polymers as FT based on particle number. The difference in the number of orange particles was thought to be one of the factors behind this. Sodium citrate buffer used in EZM might degrade any components in the RMP‐suspected orange particles and reduce the particle density to float in the NaI solution. For black tire‐suspected particles, which were detected in large numbers, no significant difference was confirmed between EZM and FT in the number of these particles, but FT methods might affect the proportion of tire material in tire‐suspected materials. The EZM method may be useful for quantification of composite MPs and is more suitable for analyzing samples in which there may be many RMP‐suspected particles due to the characteristics of the surrounding environment or catchment area.

Practitioner Points

Tires and road marking paint (RMP) are main sources of composite microplastics (MPs) washed into stormwater from road dust.

The cellulolytic enzyme decomposition is useful for analysis of composite MPs and comprehensive understanding of materials in the environment.

It is necessary to select an organic matter decomposition method that suits the sample characteristics and research purpose.
Investigating drug-liposome interactions using liposomal electrokinetic chromatography
Authors: Šimonová Alice , Balouch Martin , Štěpánek František , Křížek Tomáš
Published: February 2025

This study explores the potential of using liposomal electrokinetic chromatography as a ranking method for the rapid and simultaneous evaluation of drug-membrane interactions of a larger group of substances and assessing their sensitivity to tissue-specific parameters, namely pH, temperature, and lipid composition. We used a group of nine model drug substances to manifest how molecules could be classified for the relative sensitivity of drug-membrane interactions to pH and temperature. We observed that increasing the amount of liposomes in the background electrolyte significantly affected the separation kinetics of various active pharmaceutical ingredients, altering their mobility and/or peak shapes. Experiments with liposomes from bovine liver and heart tissue extracts revealed different interactions based on the lipid composition. Canagliflozin, which initially showed no electrophoretic mobility, migrated toward the anode in the presence of negatively charged liposomes. Mobility of positively charged substances, ambroxol and maraviroc, was suppressed by the interactions with liposomes. Their peaks also exhibited significant tailing. The effect on the separation of negatively charged compounds was significantly weaker. A small change in mobility was observed only in the case of deferasirox. We also examined the effect of temperature during separation, and we observed that increased temperature generally enhanced effective mobility due to lower electrolyte viscosity and increased lipid bilayer fluidity. Lastly, we tested the effect of sodium phosphate buffer pH (ranging from 6.0 to 8.0) with 4% liposomes on drug-liposome interactions. However, the effects were complex due to changes in API ionization and liposome surface charge, complicating the distinction between pH effects and liposome presence on API behavior. Our findings emphasize the significance of liposome composition, temperature, and pH in studying the interactions of liposomes with drugs, which is crucial for optimizing liposome-based drug delivery systems.
Evaluation of pomological traits and fatty acid profile of almond (Prunus dulcis L. [Mill.] D.A. Webb) genotypes grown in Yozgat province
Authors: Genç Büşra , Güney Murat
Published: February 2025

This study evaluated the pomological traits, oil content, and fatty acid profile of ten almond (Prunus dulcis L. [Mill.] D.A. Webb) genotypes naturally growing in the Yozgat region (Türkiye). Significant phenotypic variability at the 1% probability level was observed among the genotypes. Nut weights ranged from 0.70 to 5.10 g, while kernel weights varied between 0.15 and 0.83 g. The kernel-to-shell ratio ranged from 23.14 to 39.21%, with Genotype 4 exhibiting the highest kernel oil content (49.04%) and oleic acid levels (64.06%). Fatty acid analysis revealed oleic acid as the dominant component, followed by linoleic acid (23.32–38.90%) and palmitic acid (6.11–7.92%). Multivariate and principal component analyses (PCA) emphasized genetic variability, grouping genotypes based on key traits such as oil content, fatty acid composition, and kernel characteristics. For instance, Genotype 4 was closely associated with high monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content, while Genotype 3 exhibited elevated polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels. This study highlights the genetic potential of local almond genotypes, such as G4 and G3, for breeding programs targeting high-oil quality. The results underscore the importance of preserving almond genetic diversity in the Yozgat region for sustainable cultivation and future breeding initiatives.
Biodegradation of low sulfur fuel oil HDME 50 in seawater at sub-arctic temperatures with and without dispersants
Authors: Dang Nga Phuong , Reunamo Anna , Petrich Chris , Järvistö Johanna , Jørgensen Kirsten S. , Torske Lisa
Published: February 2025

Dispersant has been used effectively to enhance biodegradation rate of spilled oil in marine environment even at low temperature. However, the introduction of new ultra-low sulfur fuel oils (LSFO) to meet the new regulation for sulfur emission from ships, poses new challenges for oil spill response. There is limited knowledge regarding the dispersibility of the new oil type when applying dispersant, how toxic are the dispersed oils and how fast are the biodegradation of the oil components. Our current study tested biodegradation potential of chemically dispersed new LSFO, Hybrid Wide Range Gas Oil (HDME 50) and the un-dispersed oil film in seawater at 13 and 5 °C. Our study demonstrated that both dispersed HDME 50 and un-dispersed oil were biodegraded by bacterial communities in the seawater which was collected from Lofoten, Norway during September and March. The depletions of total hydrocarbon content after 64 days were 44, 38 and 23% for the dispersed oil and oil film microcosms at 13 °C, and oil film microcosms at 5 °C, respectively. The half-lives of n-alkanes and naphthalenes were shortest for the dispersed oil at 13 °C, followed by the oil film at the same temperature, and longest for oil film at 5 °C. Bacteria genera Polaribacter, Colwellia, Comamonas, Glaciecola and the unclassified Methylophilaceae became dominant in both dispersed oil and oil film microcosms tested at 13 °C. There was a delay of the temporal succession for genera Polaribacter and Colwellia at 5 °C compared to 13 °C. Genus Colwellia presented with higher abundance at 5 than 13 °C. Beside the common bacterial taxa for both temperatures, there were other bacterial taxa that only increased in oil treated winter seawater such as unclassified Flavobacteriaceae and unclassified Nitrincolaceae (formerly Oceanospirillaceae).
Discussion on the validity of commonly used reliability indices in sports medicine and exercise science: a critical review with data simulations
Authors: Warneke Konstantin , Gronwald Thomas , Wallot Sebastian , Magno Alessia , Hillebrecht Martin , Wirth Klaus
Published: February 2025

Apart from objectivity and validity, reliability is considered a precondition for testing within scientific works, as unreliable testing protocols limit conclusions, especially for practical application. Classification guidelines commonly refer to relative reliability, focusing on Pearson correlation coefficients (r
p) and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). On those, the standard error of measurement (SEM) and the minimal detectable change (MDC) are often calculated in addition to the variability coefficient (CV). These, however, do not account for systematic or random errors (e.g., standardization problems). To illustrate, we applied common reliability statistics in sports science on simulated data which extended the sample size of two original counter-movement-jump sessions from (youth) elite basketball players. These show that excellent r
p and ICC (≥ 0.9) without a systematic bias were accompanied by a mean absolute percentage error of over 20%. Furthermore, we showed that the ICC does not account for systematic errors and has only limited value for accuracy, which can cause misleading conclusions of data. While a simple re-organization of data caused an improvement in relative reliability and reduced limits of agreement meaningfully, systematic errors occurred. This example underlines the lack of validity and objectivity of commonly used ICC-based reliability statistics (SEM, MDC) to quantify the primary and secondary variance sources. After revealing several caveats in the literature (e.g., neglecting of the systematic and random error or not distinguishing between protocol and device reliability), we suggest a methodological approach to provide reliable data collections as a precondition for valid conclusions by, e.g., recommending pre-set acceptable measurement errors.
What drives customers to engage with social commerce: a systematic review and factor derivation approach
Authors: Busalim Abdelsalam , Asadi Shahla
Published: February 2025

Social commerce (s-commerce), as a new form of e-commerce, has transformed customer behavior with the rise of social networking sites (SNSs). This development has created new opportunities for online businesses seeking to establish customer-centric operations and leverage the power of SNSs by implementing effective customer engagement strategies for a competitive advantage. However, limited effort has been devoted to evaluating the current state of research in this area and consolidating the factors that drive individuals to engage in s-commerce. Therefore, this study conducted a Systemic Literature Review (SLR) to explore existing research on s-commerce and customer engagement, employing a factor derivation approach to identify and categorise the most prominent engagement factors. The findings classify these factors into three key dimensions: social, technological, and motivational. By offering a comprehensive theoretical framework, this study contributes to advancing empirical research and deepening our understanding of the mechanisms that stimulate customer engagement within the s-commerce landscape.
“Time without you”: Transition to widowhood and its impact on time perspective and attitudes toward the future
Authors: de Paula Couto M. Clara , Kim-Knauss Yaeji , Rothermund Klaus , Fung Helene H. , Hess Thomas M. , Lang Frieder R.
Published: February 2025

Widowhood is a significant life event that can profoundly alter an individual’s perception of time. Those who have lost a spouse often find themselves reflecting on past memories, while simultaneously feeling disconnected from the present. However, the impact of widowhood on one’s experience and perception of time has not been thoroughly explored. In this study, we investigate changes in time perspective during the transition to widowhood using a multidimensional approach to temporal experience. This perspective enriches the existing literature, which has primarily focused on the predictive role of time perspective by providing new insights into how major life events can reshape an individual’s experience of time. The sample was drawn from seven measurement points between 2009 and 2023 in the Aging-as-Future longitudinal study. It consisted of 1357 participants aged 50 and older who either remained married throughout the study period (n = 1270) or transitioned to widowhood (n = 87). We assessed four facets of time perspective: past-orientation, feelings of obsolescence, concreteness of the future time, and attitudes toward life’s finitude as well as subjective life expectancy. While the transition to widowhood predicted an increase in past-orientation and in feelings of obsolescence, it predicted a decrease in concreteness of the future. Spousal loss did not influence individuals’ attitudes toward finitude, but those experiencing widowhood reported a decrease in their perceived remaining lifetime. Our study showed that widowhood may lead to shifts in time perspective. Findings underscore the value of considering time perspective as a key indicator of an individual’s adjustment and functioning in response to a major life event.
Does “better” mean “less”? Sustainable meat consumption in the context of natural pasture-raised beef
Authors: Mazac Rachel , Sahlin Kajsa Resare , Hyypiä Iisa , Keränen Fanny , Niva Mari , Berglund Nora , Herzon Iryna
Published: February 2025

Livestock production has significant environmental impacts, requiring sustainable dietary shifts with reduced meat consumption. The concept of “less but better” has gained attention as a pragmatic approach to dietary and production changes, advocating for reduced meat consumption while focusing on sustainably produced, high-quality products. We focus on the interplay between “less” and “better” and critically evaluate the approach in the context of consuming natural pasture-raised beef in Finland. Our study focuses on consumers at the forefront of dietary change within western, upper-income contexts, who, with high educational and financial resources, may play a leading role in shifting to more sustainable diets. Based on 21 interviews with buyers of natural pasture-raised beef in Southern Finland, we investigate the meanings assigned to such premium-priced meat, understandings of the role of meat in sustainable diets, and reflections on the dietary changes in meat consumption when purchasing natural pasture-raised beef. Although meat was unanimously considered part of a sustainable diet, most interviewees recognized the global necessity of reducing meat consumption. The interviewees focused on health, naturalness, origin, and swapping beef for other meats as key factors in sustainable diets. The interpretation of “better” was primarily dominated by animal welfare concerns. However, when purchasing beef, taste emerged as the principal consideration. The relationship between “better” and “less” was ambiguous: the concept of “better” can lead to less consumption or provide a moral justification for maintaining the status quo or even increasing consumption of meat. Our results thus highlight the complexities of the “less but better” meat approach in transitioning to sustainable diets.