bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does Elevated High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Protect Against Cardiovascular Disease?
Authors: Razavi Alexander C , Jain Vardhmaan , Grandhi Gowtham R , Patel Parth , Karagiannis Angelos , Patel Nidhi , Dhindsa Devinder S , Liu Chang , Desai Shivang R , Almuwaqqat Zakaria , Sun Yan V , Vaccarino Viola , Quyyumi Arshed A , Sperling Laurence S , Mehta Anurag
Published: July 2023

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) contributes to reverse cholesterol transport, which is 1 of the main explanations for the described inverse association between HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk. However, efforts to therapeutically raise HDL-C levels with niacin, fibrates, or cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitors have not demonstrated a reduction in ASCVD events when compared with placebo among individuals treated with statins. Furthermore, mendelian randomization studies suggest that HDL-C is unlikely to be a direct biologic variable impacting ASCVD risk. More recently, observations from well-conducted epidemiologic studies have indicated a nonlinear U-shaped relationship between HDL-C and subclinical atherosclerosis, and that very high HDL-C (≥80 mg/dL in men, ≥100 mg/dL in women) is paradoxically associated with higher all-cause and ASCVD-related mortality. These observations suggest that HDL-C is not a universal protective factor for atherosclerosis. Thus, there are several opportunities for reframing the contribution of HDL-C to ASCVD risk and related clinical calculators. Here, we examine our growing understanding of HDL-C and its role in ASCVD risk assessment, treatment, and prevention. We discuss the biological functions of HDL-C and its normative values in relation to demographics and lifestyle markers. We then summarize original studies that observed a protective association between HDL-C and ASCVD risk and more recent evidence indicating an elevated ASCVD risk at very high HDL-C levels. Through this process, we advance the discussion regarding the future role of HDL-C in ASCVD risk assessment and identify knowledge gaps pertaining to the precise role of HDL-C in atherosclerosis and clinical ASCVD.
Epigenetic Causes of Overgrowth Syndromes
Authors: Lui Julian C , Baron Jeffrey
Published: July 2023

Human overgrowth disorders are characterized by excessive prenatal and/or postnatal growth of various tissues. These disorders often present with tall stature, macrocephaly, and/or abdominal organomegaly and are sometimes associated with additional phenotypic abnormalities such as intellectual disability and increased cancer risk. As the genetic etiology of these disorders have been elucidated, a surprising pattern has emerged. Multiple monogenic overgrowth syndromes result from variants in epigenetic regulators: variants in histone methyltransferases NSD1 and EZH2 cause Sotos syndrome and Weaver syndrome, respectively, variants in DNA methyltransferase DNMT3A cause Tatton-Brown-Rahman syndrome, and variants in chromatin remodeler CHD8 cause an autism spectrum disorder with overgrowth. In addition, very recently, a variant in histone reader protein SPIN4 was identified in a new X-linked overgrowth disorder. In this review, we discuss the genetics of these overgrowth disorders and explore possible common underlying mechanisms by which epigenetic pathways regulate human body size.
Dual Aldosterone- and Cortisol-Secreting Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma: Pre- and Perioperative Evaluation and Management
Authors: Rosenberg Rebecca , Raeburn Christopher D , Clay Michael R , Wierman Margaret E
Published: July 2023

Adrenal cortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare cancer (1-2/million) that presents with hormone overproduction in 60% of cases. Presentation of ACC with multiple hormone syndromes from different adrenal zones is rare. We present a case of dual-secreting ACC with hyperaldosteronism and cortisol excess. The previously healthy patient was noted to have new-onset hypertension and hypokalemia during a primary care visit. On hormonal evaluation, he was found to have evidence of hyperaldosteronism and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-independent cortisol excess. Imaging revealed a 2.7 × 3.1 × 3.5 cm left adrenal mass with indeterminant computed tomography characteristics. He underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy and required glucocorticoid replacement for adrenal insufficiency postoperatively. Pathology revealed stage T2N0M0 ACC. His hypokalemia resolved and glucocorticoids were stopped within a month. This case stresses the importance of routine screening for cortisol excess in all adrenal masses detected on imaging. Avoidance of postoperative adrenal insufficiency in patients with cortisol excess without overt Cushing syndrome is paramount.
Emerging Potential of Microwave Ablation for Primary Aldosteronism Resulting From Unilateral Aldosterone-producing Adenoma
Authors: Mills Edouard G , Palazzo Fausto F , Leen Edward , Wernig Florian
Published: July 2023

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most prevalent form of secondary hypertension and is most commonly caused by an adrenal adenoma or bilateral adrenal hyperplasia. Minimally invasive adrenalectomy is the treatment of choice for unilateral disease. Here, we report the case of a 57-year-old man with previous bladder cancer who was referred for evaluation of resistant hypertension and hypokalemia. Diagnostic workup indicated PA with computed tomography imaging revealing a left adrenal adenoma and adrenal venous sampling lateralizing to the left adrenal. He was therefore referred for a left adrenalectomy using a retroperitoneoscopic approach. However, surgery was complicated by significant perinephritis related to previous bladder cancer immunotherapy and, in view of an identifiable adrenal adenoma, a partial adrenalectomy was performed. Despite histology confirming removal of an adrenal adenoma, he remained hypertensive and hypokalemic with persistent PA. He underwent a computed tomography-guided percutaneous thermal (microwave) ablation of the residual adrenal nodule with immediate biochemical reversal of PA. Six years postprocedure, he remains biochemically and clinically cured from PA. This article presents the details of the case and reviews the literature on long-term outcomes for patients undergoing thermal ablation and adrenalectomy, suggesting that thermal ablation may be a viable alternative for selected patients.
Sex
Authors: Gupta Alok
Published: July 2023

The chapter argues that what separates permissible from perverse acts of interspecies sex in India—or husbandry from bestiality—is where it occurs geographically in proximity to an upper-caste, anthropatriarchal imaginary of a Hindu nation. It examines interspecies touch in dairy facilities and animal sterilization clinics.
The Effect of Specific Bioactive Collagen Peptides on Tendon Remodeling during 15 wk of Lower Body Resistance Training
Authors: BALSHAW THOMAS G. , FUNNELL MARK P. , MCDERMOTT EMMET J. , MADEN-WILKINSON THOMAS M. , MASSEY GARRY J. , ABELA SEAN , QUTEISHAT BTOOL , EDSEY MAX , JAMES LEWIS J. , FOLLAND JONATHAN P.
Published: July 2023

Purpose

Collagen peptide supplementation has been reported to enhance synthesis rates or growth in a range of musculoskeletal tissues and could enhance tendinous tissue adaptations to resistance training (RT). This double-blind placebo-controlled study aimed to determine if tendinous tissue adaptations, size (patellar tendon cross-sectional area (CSA) and vastus lateralis (VL) aponeurosis area), and mechanical properties (patellar tendon), after 15 wk of RT, could be augmented with collagen peptide (CP) versus placebo (PLA) supplementation.

Methods

Young healthy recreationally active men were randomized to consume either 15 g of CP (n = 19) or PLA (n = 20) once every day during a standardized program of lower-body RT (3 times a week). Measurements pre- and post-RT included patellar tendon CSA and VL aponeurosis area (via magnetic resonance imaging), and patellar tendon mechanical properties during isometric knee extension ramp contractions.

Results

No between-group differences were detected for any of the tendinous tissue adaptations to RT (ANOVA group–time, 0.365 ≤ P ≤ 0.877). There were within-group increases in VL aponeurosis area (CP, +10.0%; PLA, +9.4%), patellar tendon stiffness (CP, +17.3%; PLA, +20.9%) and Young’s modulus (CP, +17.8%; PLA, +20.6%) in both groups (paired t-tests (all), P ≤ 0.007). There were also within-group decreases in patellar tendon elongation (CP, −10.8%; PLA, −9.6%) and strain (CP, −10.6%; PLA, −8.9%) in both groups (paired t-tests (all), P ≤ 0.006). Although no within-group changes in patellar tendon CSA (mean or regional) occurred for CP or PLA, a modest overall time effect (n = 39) was observed for mean (+1.4%) and proximal region (+2.4%) patellar tendon CSA (ANOVA, 0.017 ≤ P ≤ 0.048).

Conclusions

In conclusion, CP supplementation did not enhance RT-induced tendinous tissue remodeling (either size or mechanical properties) compared with PLA within a population of healthy young men.
The genome sequence of the Pinion-spotted Pug, Eupithecia insigniata (Hübner, 1790)
Authors: Holland Peter W.H. ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: July 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Eupithecia insigniata (the Pinion-spotted Pug; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Geometridae). The genome sequence is 438.1 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.52 kilobases in length.
The genome sequence of the Water Carpet, Lampropteryx suffumata (Denis & Schiffermiiller, 1775)
Authors: Boyes Douglas , Holland Peter W.H. ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: July 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Lampropteryx suffumata (the Water Carpet; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Geometridae). The genome sequence is 581.6 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 16.48 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 18,663 protein coding genes.
MACROECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE RUSSIA AND UKRAINE CONFLICT ON THE GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT OF SERBIA
Authors: Miljkovic Ljubomir , Trnavac Dragana
Published: July 2023

The conflict between Russia and Ukraine comes at a time when countries worldwide are still recovering from the destabilizing effects of the global COVID-19 pandemic, which has caused deep economic regression, significant loss of productivity, worsening inequality, planetary pressures, and in some cases, security challenges. The economic impact reverberated through multiple channels, including commodity and financial markets, trade, and migration links. At the same time, rising inflation is increasingly reducing the purchasing power of consumers. Such market tensions will reduce economic activity while accelerating inflation with the appearance of stagflation, where a general jump in prices and a decline in production characterize the state of the economy. The direct effects of this conflict lead to macroeconomic instability. This conflict causes a jump in global prices and affects economies worldwide. One can expect that developing markets and countries in the European region, especially the Western Balkan, will bear the brunt. On the side of macroeconomic stability, the effects differ depending on their exposure to the market of Russia and Ukraine. The Republic of Serbia does not have significant, direct trade ties with Ukraine, but the conflict faced Serbia with new challenges, considering Serbia's energy dependence on Russia, as well as the agricultural sector, where products, primarily fruit, have a significant share in total exports to Russia. The crucial question is in which direction the conflict will affect the macroeconomic stability of the Republic of Serbia.
METHODOLOGICAL TOOLS FOR ASSESSING THE BUDGET FINANCING EFFICIENCY OF INVESTMENTS IN THE RENEWAL OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT
Authors: Kondrat'ev Dmitriy , Ostaev Gamlet , Klychova Guzaliya , Valiev Ayrat , Husainova Amina
Published: July 2023

The results and efficiency of agricultural production largely depend on the availability of enterprises with working and modern agricultural machinery and equipment, the renewal of which is associated with large amounts of capital investments, therefore, most manufacturers, as a rule, need co-financing of these costs from the state. State support for the renewal of agricultural machinery at the level of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, expressed in the provision of subsidies for its manufacture, overhaul or purchase, on the one hand acts as a gratuitous source of financing for investments in machinery and serves as a tool to stimulate its timely renewal by enterprises. On the other hand, budget expenditures must be efficient and selective in order to achieve the key long-term goals of the state, which are to increase the volume of agricultural production, increase the efficiency and financial viability of producers, increase incomes, and attractive working conditions and life of the rural population. In accordance with the key goals of the state, we propose to evaluate the effectiveness of budget financing for the renewal of agricultural machinery in the context of three groups of indicators (criteria): economic, social and those that ensure efficiency. On the basis of well-known special methods (accounting method, financial-mathematical method, methods of integrated assessment) for evaluating the effectiveness, the authors of the article developed and substantiated methodological tools for assessing the static and dynamic efficiency of budget expenditures for the renewal of agricultural machinery. One of the main problems in the practical implementation of the methodology is the lack of accounting and analytical information due to the lack of all indicators required by the methodology in the system of reporting data of agricultural producers. The research materials presented in the work can be used by public authorities, investors and agricultural producers to assess the effectiveness of the use of financial resources invested in real assets of the agricultural sector.
Écfrasis como categoría filosófica.
Authors: Moreno Araez Matías
Published: July 2023

Tradicionalmente, la categoría de écfrasis se usa para denominar una descripción, ya sea en poesía o prosa, transmite vívidamente las cualidades de un objeto. Como ejercicio literario, cruza las líneas entre la descripción y la narración, haciendo aparente que la diferencia entre ambas es convencional. Como categoría estética, marca la entrada de lo visual en la institución de la literatura. En este artículo proponemos utilizar esa categoría como puerta de entrada de Walter Benjamin en los llamados “estudios visuales”. Palabras clave: Walter Benjamin; Écfrasis; Cultura visual; Libro de los Pasajes; Colonialismo.
La educación como tarea responsable del educando.
Authors: Ferrer Urbano
Published: July 2023

Se plantea la noción de educación desde el supuesto antropológico de que el hombre está tendido entre un estado inicial de desvalimiento y un estado final de perfección: el recorrido de este trayecto es la educación. Es una tarea inmanente, que tiene por sujeto al propio educando y cuenta con la ayuda inicial de los padres. Las funciones de los progenitores se diversifican básicamente como acogida y como introducción en el mundo externo, respectivamente. Se examina cómo en el proceso educativo general desempeña un papel particular el juego con sus reglas en serio, que marcan el paso de lo ilusorio a lo real, presentado como lo interesante objetivamente, correlativo de un interés subjetivo. Se enlaza esta tesis con los estudios de Piaget sobre el tránsito del juego en solitario al juego cooperativo y de la heteronomía a la autonomía.
Representações de professores formadores sobre os impactos da História e Filosofia da Ciência no ensino de Química
Authors: Barros Marcos Antonio , Mendonça Sara Costa
Published: July 2023

Este artigo integra resultados de reflexões sobre a importância da História e da Filosofia da Ciência na formação inicial de professores do curso de Licenciatura em Química da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba. Para escrita do presente artigo, buscamos em artigos relativos à História e Filosofia da Ciência, pressupostos teóricos que abordam a inclusão da perspectiva histórica no ensino. Metodologicamente, realizamos um estudo descritivo e exploratório, caracterizado como estudo de caso, utilizando-se o questionário como instrumento de coleta de dados, aplicado a seis professores do respectivo curso, segundo uma perspectiva de natureza qualitativa. Posterior a essa etapa, com o objetivo de analisar as respostas às perguntas abertas sugeridas nesse instrumento, nos embasamos na teoria da Análise do Discurso, proposta por Mikhail Bakhtin, para interpretar os argumentos apresentados como respostas pelos professores. Assim sendo, compreendemos que o seu arcabouço teórico apresenta elementos interessantes que oferecem suporte às nossas interpretações, bem como traz à tona o funcionamento da linguagem, no qual o sujeito se constitui pela interpretação que faz. Os resultados apontam, a partir das falas dos professores aqui pesquisados, que a abordagem da História e da Filosofia da Ciência é de grande relevância enquanto estratégia didática e atividade de ensino, permitindo contextualizar as aulas, mostrando o processo de transformação da ciência, e proporcionando uma aprendizagem reflexiva sobre a natureza do conhecimento científico, além de observar os aspectos internos e externos que lhes são peculiares.
Mães adolescentes: perfil sociodemográfico e clínico de casos notificados em um município do Norte do Brasil
Authors: Rodrigues Alesandro Lima , Lima Araújo Bárbara Emanuela Coutinho de , Oliveira Paes Glaicy Aparecida de , Sousa Borges Juliene Soares de , Vilela Aline Dos Anjos , Santos Lyene Aparecida Jorge dos , Santos Priscila Menon dos
Published: July 2023

Resumo:A gravidez na adolescência é um problema de saúde pública no Brasil, com repercussões biológicas, psicológicas, sociais, familiares e econômicas, que afetam não só a adolescente, mas toda a sociedade em geral. Esta pesquisa objetiva identificar o perfil sociodemográfico e clínico de mulheres adolescentes que pariram no município de Porto Velho-RO, nos anos de 2018 e 2019. Trata-se de um estudo de caráter observacional, do tipo descritivo, transversal e retrospectivo, com abordagem quantitativa, extraídos da base de dados do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS-TABNET). Para definir o perfil, foram selecionadas as seguintes variáveis: faixa etária (>10 até 19 anos), nível de instrução/escolaridade, cor-raça, estado civil, consultas de pré-natal (nº), tipo de gravidez, duração da gestação e via de parto. Os dados foram analisados através dos métodos estatísticos de medidas de frequência absoluta e relativa. Foram notificados 3.253 casos de mulheres adolescentes que pariram no período do estudo. Ao realizar a distribuição, constatou-se que 94,7% (3.080) tinham entre 15 e 19 anos, 88,8% (2.888) eram pardas, 59,2% (1.927) possuíam de 8 a 11 anos de estudo, 58% (1.898) eram solteiras, 45,4% (1.478) realizaram 7 ou mais consultas, 97,8% (3.181) geraram feto único, 79,6% (2.591) gestaram de 37 a 41 semanas e 61,7% (2.006) evoluíram para parto via vaginal. Com a identificação do perfil sociodemográfico e clínico, faz-se necessária a adoção de medidas públicas que visem reduzir a incidência de gravidez na adolescência no município de Porto Velho-RO.Palavras-chave: Gravidez na adolescência, saúde pública, gravidez não planejada.
Práticas de modelos de gestão de pessoas em laboratórios acreditados e sua influência sobre o número de não-conformidades na norma ABNT NBR ISO/IEC 17025
Authors: Maia Andreia Queiroz de Almeida , Fermam Ricardo Kropf Santos , Da Costa Felix Rodrigo Pereira Barretto
Published: July 2023

O cenário atual é de mudança permanente no ambiente organizacional das empresas devido à concorrência cada vez mais acirrada e à inovação tecnológica. O objetivo deste trabalho de pesquisa é analisar a influência da seleção do Modelo de Gestão de Pessoas (MGP) sobre a competência dos laboratórios de ensaios e calibração acreditados. Referencial teórico. A gestão de pessoas é um tema de relevância para as empresas devido às mudanças nos negócios e ao intenso desenvolvimento tecnológico, o que deu origem a um achado significativo nas organizações: as pessoas se tornam a principal vantagem competitiva no mundo organizacional. Metodologia. Foi desenvolvido um questionamento para identificar a adesão dos laboratórios aos MGP e sua relação com o número de não conformidades no item 6.2 (Pessoal) da ABNT NBR ISO/IEC 17025:2017. Um questionário foi aplicado aos gestores das empresas. Resultados. Os laboratórios estão em diferentes níveis de maturidade para o comportamento humano e gestão de pessoal. É preciso olhar além dos requisitos da norma para permanecer no mercado e abrir novos desafios de negócios. Pesquisa, implicações práticas e sociais. Os resultados são válidos para laboratórios que atendem aos requisitos da ISO/IEC 17025:2017. Originalidade/valor. Os laboratórios acreditados precisam olhar para a equipe além dos requisitos das normas. Vale ressaltar que profissionais de laboratório qualificados fomentam novos mercados.
Estudo preliminar da exposição ocupacional ao benzeno em postos de combustíveis de Vitória (ES) utilizando modelagem computacional
Authors: Cevolani Karina Tonoli , Bressiani Thaiany Souza Canal
Published: July 2023

A intensificação do consumo de combustíveis fósseis provocou aumento das operações de revenda em postos, o que pode aumentar a vulnerabilidade dos frentistas à exposição ao benzeno. Nesse sentido, o artigo tem como objetivo investigar, em caráter preliminar, a exposição ocupacional ao benzeno por frentistas de Vitória (ES) por via respiratória através de modelagem computacional, utilizando o software AERMOD ViewTM. A massa de benzeno foi quantificada para atividades de reabastecimento de veículos e do tanque subterrâneo via fator da Agência de Proteção Ambiental Norte-Americana. Obteve-se o cálculo do coeficiente de perigo (HQ) para efeito crônico de diminuição da contagem de linfócitos e do risco de leucemia. Observou-se que os postos P0023 e P0027 apresentaram a menor e a maior massa emitida, respectivamente, 0,0054 t/ano e 0,1190 t/ano. As máximas concentrações no ar nos arredores do P0023 e do P0027, sugerem uma probabilidade 1/100.000 e 1/10.000, respectivamente, para desenvolvimento de câncer. Os HQs das séries de mínimas, médias e máximas concentrações de benzeno indicaram riscos negligenciáveis. O estudo sinalizou uma possibilidade de leucemia, especialmente, para os receptores próximos ao posto P0027. Embora a probabilidade seja baixa e remeta a uma exposição contínua no decorrer da vida laboral, esta pode ser minimizada com modificações comportamentais e infraestruturais. Medições in situ são recomendadas para aprimorar a avaliação do nível de exposição.
Análise temática de dados qualitativos: uma proposta prática para efetivação
Authors: Dias Ernandes Gonçalves , Mishima Silvana Martins
Published: July 2023

A Análise Temática é uma entre as várias possibilidades de análise de dados qualitativos. A reflexão realizada neste estudo é uma contribuição inédita para efetivação da Análise Temática, especialmente por pesquisadores iniciantes em investigação com dados qualitativos. A Análise Temática proposta é orientada por sete etapas, sendo as três primeiras preliminares ou de aproximação com o fenômeno. As etapas sugeridas para análise compreendem: coleta do dado, transcrição literal do dado, ambientação com o dado (familiarizar), acomodação do dado em instrumento de análise (acomodação dos fragmentos do discurso), identificação das unidades de contexto, núcleos de sentido e dos temas. Executada dessa maneira poderá facilitar o percurso do pesquisador iniciante. A implementação do raciocínio proposto neste estudo pode facilitar e auxiliar o pesquisador na condução de caminhos que torne mais simples e prática a submissão de dados qualitativos à Análise Temática.
All about ... beach schools
Authors: Rawstrone Annette
Published: July 2023

Beach School sessions allow for the same ‘awe and wonder’ for children and exploration experience as in Forest School – but with added drama. By Annette Rawstrone
An A to Z of enhancements: K is for Kindness
Authors: Jackson Amy
Published: July 2023

Kindness is being explored through enhancements that make compliments you can see and wear, Amy Jackson explains
No More Fretting at Sea Thanks to Mesh
Authors: Knight Helen
Published: July 2023

Wireless nodes on board ships could help locate stranded crew members
Welding Done in Seconds
Authors: Nathan Stuart
Published: July 2023

New generator will deliver high power
Probiotics and autoprobiotics for treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection
Authors: Baryshnikova Natalia V , Ilina Anastasia S , Ermolenko Elena I , Uspenskiy Yury P , Suvorov Alexander N
Published: July 2023

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) of the biliary tract is rare, and often difficult to diagnose or to distinguish from other tumors due to its atypical clinical presentation and nonspecific radiological features. Histologically, IMTs are (myo)fibroblastic neoplasms with a prominent inflammatory infiltrate. They are characterized by receptor tyrosine kinase gene rearrangements, most often involving an anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK ) translocation. The final diagnosis of IMT depends on histopathology and immunohistochemical examination. In this manuscript, we provide a clinical and morphomolecular overview of IMT and the difficulties that may arise in using immunohistochemical and molecular techniques in diagnosing IMT.
Sudden death in the southern region of Saudi Arabia: A retrospective study
Authors: Al-Emam Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed , Dajam Abdulrahman , Alrajhi Mohammed , Alfaifi Waleed , Al-Shraim Mubarak , Helaly Ahmed Mohamed
Published: July 2023

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) of the biliary tract is rare, and often difficult to diagnose or to distinguish from other tumors due to its atypical clinical presentation and nonspecific radiological features. Histologically, IMTs are (myo)fibroblastic neoplasms with a prominent inflammatory infiltrate. They are characterized by receptor tyrosine kinase gene rearrangements, most often involving an anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK ) translocation. The final diagnosis of IMT depends on histopathology and immunohistochemical examination. In this manuscript, we provide a clinical and morphomolecular overview of IMT and the difficulties that may arise in using immunohistochemical and molecular techniques in diagnosing IMT.
Predictive value of the trans-perineal three-dimensional ultrasound measurement of the pubic arch angle for vaginal delivery
Authors: Liang Zhu-Wei , Gao Wan-Li
Published: July 2023

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) of the biliary tract is rare, and often difficult to diagnose or to distinguish from other tumors due to its atypical clinical presentation and nonspecific radiological features. Histologically, IMTs are (myo)fibroblastic neoplasms with a prominent inflammatory infiltrate. They are characterized by receptor tyrosine kinase gene rearrangements, most often involving an anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK ) translocation. The final diagnosis of IMT depends on histopathology and immunohistochemical examination. In this manuscript, we provide a clinical and morphomolecular overview of IMT and the difficulties that may arise in using immunohistochemical and molecular techniques in diagnosing IMT.
Posterior pedicle screw fixation combined with local steroid injections for treating axial eosinophilic granulomas and atlantoaxial dislocation: A case report
Authors: Tu Cheng-Quan , Chen Zhi-Da , Yao Xiao-Tao , Jiang Yuan-Jie , Zhang Bi-Fang , Lin Bin
Published: July 2023

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) of the biliary tract is rare, and often difficult to diagnose or to distinguish from other tumors due to its atypical clinical presentation and nonspecific radiological features. Histologically, IMTs are (myo)fibroblastic neoplasms with a prominent inflammatory infiltrate. They are characterized by receptor tyrosine kinase gene rearrangements, most often involving an anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK ) translocation. The final diagnosis of IMT depends on histopathology and immunohistochemical examination. In this manuscript, we provide a clinical and morphomolecular overview of IMT and the difficulties that may arise in using immunohistochemical and molecular techniques in diagnosing IMT.
Antithrombin III deficiency in a patient with recurrent venous thromboembolism: A case report
Authors: Luo Jia-Qing , Mao Shuai-Shuai , Chen Jin-Yi , Ke Xue-Ying , Zhu Yue-Feng , Huang Wei , Sun Hai-Ming , Liu Zhen-Jie
Published: July 2023

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) of the biliary tract is rare, and often difficult to diagnose or to distinguish from other tumors due to its atypical clinical presentation and nonspecific radiological features. Histologically, IMTs are (myo)fibroblastic neoplasms with a prominent inflammatory infiltrate. They are characterized by receptor tyrosine kinase gene rearrangements, most often involving an anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK ) translocation. The final diagnosis of IMT depends on histopathology and immunohistochemical examination. In this manuscript, we provide a clinical and morphomolecular overview of IMT and the difficulties that may arise in using immunohistochemical and molecular techniques in diagnosing IMT.
Laryngospasm as an uncommon presentation in a patient with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis: A case report
Authors: Wang Lu , Su Hong-Jun , Song Guan-Jie
Published: July 2023

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) of the biliary tract is rare, and often difficult to diagnose or to distinguish from other tumors due to its atypical clinical presentation and nonspecific radiological features. Histologically, IMTs are (myo)fibroblastic neoplasms with a prominent inflammatory infiltrate. They are characterized by receptor tyrosine kinase gene rearrangements, most often involving an anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK ) translocation. The final diagnosis of IMT depends on histopathology and immunohistochemical examination. In this manuscript, we provide a clinical and morphomolecular overview of IMT and the difficulties that may arise in using immunohistochemical and molecular techniques in diagnosing IMT.
The Monumental Crowd: Collective Attention in Symbolic and Material Spaces
Authors: Fine Gary Alan
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Although often ignored in one's daily routine, monuments can serve as potent magnets for crowd gatherings in unveilings, preservation, and protest. The materiality of the monument provides a point of collective attention that binds participants in common cause within a civic space. When successful, these gatherings depend on enacting a set of processes: planning, organizing, gathering, performing, and dispersing. Each occurs within the context of state sponsorship or opposition. As is evident from cases in colonial New York and contemporary Virginia, monuments, no longer mute, can speak to crowds with shared images of morality and justice in their metal and marble materiality.
On the Importance of Throwing Things: Pelting as Popular Politics
Authors: Chowdhury Nusrat Sabina
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Aggrieved crowds throw objects in protest that dole out insult and injury in equal measure. Despite the motley things in a crowd's arsenal, there is a pattern to pelting and the range of causes for which rocks, tomatoes, eggs, pies, milkshakes, shoes, and water bottles are thrown with regularity. Pelting overcomes distance by touching the body of a powerful enemy by proxy. In hitting the sublime body with "matters out of place," the crowd relocates the sovereign aura within itself while transgressing the boundaries of high and low. This essay considers pelting in all its joyous, violent, fun, furious, and law-breaking glory and, therefore, as a medium and metaphor of the crowd.
Migration of elastic optical networks to the C + L-bands subject to a partial upgrade of the number of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers
Authors: Hosseini Soheil , de Miguel Ignacio , Merayo Noemí , Aguado Juan Carlos , de Dios Óscar González , Barroso Ramón J. Durán
Published: July 2023

Space division multiplexing (SDM) and band division multiplexing (BDM) are considered promising technologies to increase the capacity of optical transport networks. The progressive shortage of available dark fibers and the immaturity of multicore and multimode fibers for multichannel transmission induce network operators to postpone the process of capacity enhancement through SDM. Therefore, capacity increase revolves around BDM by lighting up at least the L-band of the already installed optical fiber infrastructure, which is a practical solution in the short to middle term. However, L-band activation requires the upgrade of network components such as erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs). To manage the imposed cost while leveraging the L-band, a network can be partially rather than fully migrated in a single step by upgrading just a subset of the fibers and thus a subset of EDFAs to operate in the C+L-bands. In this paper, the focus is set on determining which fibers in the network should be upgraded to exploit the L-band, subject to a constraint on the maximum number of EDFAs to be upgraded, and analyzing its impact on network performance when facing dynamic traffic in terms of the blocking ratio. To this end, three heuristic algorithms, each pursuing a different objective, and two of them based on an integer linear programming (ILP) formulation, are proposed for the network planning to identify which fibers to upgrade. Simulation results demonstrate that, thanks to the use of these heuristics, the upgrade of a partial set of links to the C+L line system is a viable solution for network operators to circumvent the huge cost associated with migrating the full network. For instance, we demonstrate that a strategic partial upgrade using the proposed methods, subject to upgrading a maximum of 60% of the EDFAs, can significantly boost the supported traffic load in the examined topologies, ranging from 175% to 322%, when compared to the non-upgraded network.
Controlling the transmission of broadband light through scattering media using a digital micromirror device
Authors: Samanta Rabisankar , Mujumdar Sushil
Published: July 2023

Wavefront shaping has emerged as a valuable technique in complex photonics, wherein the various eigenmodes of the disordered medium are selectively excited to control the overall transmission through the medium. The process utilizes active optical devices such as liquid crystal-based spatial light modulators (LC-SLM), deformable mirrors (DM), and digital micromirror devices (DMD). Among these, the latter is preferred for imaging through dynamic scattering media such as living biological tissues due to their high-speed refresh rate and increased resolution. This study employs a genetic algorithm along with binary amplitude modulation generated by a digital micromirror device to spatially and spectrally control the large spectral bandwidth through a scattering medium. We illustrate spatial single-point focusing of broadband light, multipoint focusing of broadband light, and programmable spectral filtering of the same through disordered samples.
High-accuracy wide-range refractive index demodulation based on under-sampled fiber F-P cavity length spectrum
Authors: Gao Ao , Ye Jingfu , Tu Chenxi , Liu Yi , Qu Shiliang
Published: July 2023

A scheme of fiber Fabry–Perot (F-P) cavity refractive index (RI) demodulation named under-sampled length spectrum retrieval (ULSR) is proposed. Unlike the wavelength spectrum method, ULSR can be used for physical quantity detection with just a monochromatic laser and photodetectors, avoiding the need for wideband lasers or expensive infrared spectrometers. Eight F-P cavities of different lengths were fabricated to sample the cavity length spectrum, and then the obtained under-sampled length spectrum was used to demodulate the RI of F-P cavity fillings. It was demonstrated that the ULSR system can achieve an index measurement accuracy of 1 × 10−4 in the glucose solution index range of 1.3294–1.3746 at wavelength λ = 1.55 µm. An index demodulation with higher accuracy and wider range is expected when more than 8 F-P cavities are used. The proposed scheme, with advantages of low system complexity, low cost, high reliability, high detecting accuracy, and wide detecting range, holds great promise for facilitating the wide application of F-P cavity sensors. Additionally, ULSR liberates wavelength freedom, making it a strong candidate for multiplexed sensing based on wavelength division multiplexing.
Flexible GaN-based ultraviolet microdisk lasers on PET substrate
Authors: Gu Peng , Yang Shuai , Ma Lilong , Yang Tao , Hou Xin , Mei Yang , Ying Leiying , Long Hao , Zhang Baoping
Published: July 2023

Flexible optoelectronics is a technique for fabricating optoelectronic devices on a flexible substrate. Compared with conventional devices, flexible optoelectronic devices can be used in more complex working environments benefiting from the mechanical flexibility. Herein, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, a flexible GaN-based microdisk laser on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate in the ultraviolet A (UVA) range was demonstrated by using thin film transfer process based on laser lift-off (LLO). The lasing wavelength is 370.5 nm with a linewidth of 0.15 nm and a threshold power density of 200 kW/cm2. Additionally, a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) was deposited on the backside of the microdisk as the bottom mirror between GaN microdisk and PET substrate, which can provide better mode confinement inside the microdisk and increases the oscillation intensity. The lasing wavelength of the flexible laser shows a 2-nm redshift under different bending curvature of the substrate, which is promising for applications such as mechanical sensing.
Can we manipulate the soil microbiome to promote carbon sequestration in croplands?
Authors: Fierer Noah , Walsh Corinne M.
Published: July 2023

Manipulating the microbiome of cropland soils has the potential to accelerate soil carbon sequestration, but strategies to do so need to be carefully vetted. Here, we highlight the general steps required to develop, implement, and validate such microbe-based strategies.
Investigating the accuracy of blood oxygen saturation measurements in common consumer smartwatches
Authors: Jiang Yihang , Spies Connor , Magin Justin , Bhosai Satasuk Joy , Snyder Laurie , Dunn Jessilyn
Published: July 2023

Blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) is an important measurement for monitoring patients with acute and chronic conditions that are associated with low blood oxygen levels. While smartwatches may provide a new method for continuous and unobtrusive SpO2 monitoring, it is necessary to understand their accuracy and limitations to ensure that they are used in a fit-for-purpose manner. To determine whether the accuracy of and ability to take SpO2 measurements from consumer smartwatches is different by device type and/or by skin tone, our study recruited patients aged 18–85 years old, with and without chronic pulmonary disease, who were able to provide informed consent. The mean absolute error (MAE), mean directional error (MDE) and root mean squared error (RMSE) were used to evaluate the accuracy of the smartwatches as compared to a clinical grade pulse oximeter. The percent of data unobtainable due to inability of the smartwatch to record SpO2 (missingness) was used to evaluate the measurability of SpO2 from the smartwatches. Skin tones were quantified based on the Fitzpatrick (FP) scale and Individual Typology Angle (ITA), a continuous measure of skin tone. A total of 49 individuals (18 female) were enrolled and completed the study. Using a clinical-grade pulse oximeter as the reference standard, there were statistically significant differences in accuracy between devices, with Apple Watch Series 7 having measurements closest to the reference standard (MAE = 2.2%, MDE = -0.4%, RMSE = 2.9%) and the Garmin Venu 2s having measurements farthest from the reference standard (MAE = 5.8%, MDE = 5.5%, RMSE = 6.7%). There were also significant differences in measurability across devices, with the highest data presence from the Apple Watch Series 7 (88.9% of attempted measurements were successful) and the highest data missingness from the Withings ScanWatch (only 69.5% of attempted measurements were successful). The MAE, RMSE and missingness did not vary significantly across FP skin tone groups, however, there may be a relationship between FP skin tone and MDE (intercept = 0.04, beta coefficient = 0.47, p = 0.04). No statistically significant difference was found between skin tone as measured by ITA and MAE, MDE, RMSE or missingness.
Pregnancy-induced differential expression of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza a viral entry factors in the lower respiratory tract
Authors: Giri Tusar , Panda Santosh , Palanisamy Arvind
Published: July 2023

Despite differences in the clinical presentation of coronavirus disease-19 and pandemic influenza in pregnancy, fundamental mechanistic insights are currently lacking because of the difficulty in recruiting critically ill pregnant subjects for research studies. Therefore, to better understand host-pathogen interaction during pregnancy, we performed a series of foundational experiments in pregnant rats at term gestation to assess the expression of host entry factors for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and influenza A virus (IAV) and genes associated with innate immune response in the lower respiratory tract. We report that pregnancy is characterized by a decrease in host factors mediating SARS-CoV-2 entry and an increase in host factors mediating IAV entry. Furthermore, using flow cytometric assessment of immune cell populations and immune provocation studies, we show an increased prevalence of plasmacytoid dendritic cells and a Type I interferon-biased environment in the lower respiratory tract of pregnancy, contrary to the expected immunological indolence. Our findings, therefore, suggest that the dissimilar clinical presentation of COVID-19 and pandemic influenza A in pregnancy could partly be due to differences in the extent of innate immune activation from altered viral tropism and indicate the need for comparative mechanistic investigations with live virus studies.
A new trigonometric modification of the Weibull distribution: Control chart and applications in quality control
Authors: Alomair Mohammed Ahmed , Ahmad Zubair , Rao Gadde Srinivasa , Al-Mofleh Hazem , Khosa Saima Khan , Al Naim Abdulaziz Saud
Published: July 2023

In the most recent era, the extensions of the probability models via trigonometry methods have received great attention. This paper also offers a novel trigonometric version of the Weibull model called a type-I cosine exponentiated Weibull (for short “TICE-Weibull”) distribution. The identifiability properties for all three parameters of the TICE-Weibull model are derived. The estimators of the TICE-Weibull model are derived by implementing the maximum likelihood approach. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the TICE-Weibull model, two applications from real-world phenomena are analyzed. In addition, the proposed statistical model is established for an attribute control chart based on a time-truncated life test. The advantage of the developed charts is examined based on the average run length (ARL). The necessary tables of shift sizes and various sample sizes are offered for numerous values of the distribution parameters, as well as specified ARL and shift constants. Some numerical examples are discussed for various scheme parameters to study the performance of the new TICE-Weibull attribute control charts. According to our search and a brief study of the statistical literature, there is no published work on the development of a control chart using new probability models that are introduced using the cosine function. This is the key motivation of this work, which fills this amazing and interesting research gap.
Hidden mysteries in ancient Egyptian paintings from the Theban Necropolis observed by in-situ XRF mapping
Authors: Martinez Philippe , Alfeld Matthias , Defeyt Catherine , Elleithy Hishaam , Glanville Helen , Hartwig Melinda , Hocquet François-Philippe , Jaber Maguy , Martinetto Pauline , Strivay David , Walter Philippe
Published: July 2023

The material study of ancient Egyptian paintings began with the advent of Egyptology during the 19th century. By the 1930s, a lot had already been sampled and described. The limited palette for example has been analysed from actual painted surfaces but also from pigments and painting tools retrieved on site. However, most of these studies took place in museums while the painted surfaces, preserved in funerary chapels and temples, remained somewhat estranged from this primary physical understanding. The artistic process has been also reconstructed, mainly from the information presented by unfinished monuments, showing surfaces at different stages of completion. A lot of this modern and theoretical reconstruction is, however, based on the usual archaeological guessing game that aims at filling the remaining blanks. Our interdisciplinary project has decided to experiment on-site with state-of-the-art portable analysis tools, avoiding any physical sampling, to see if our knowledge of the work of the ancient Egyptian painters and draughtsmen could be taken at a further stage, while based on physical quantification that could be seen as a stronger and more reliable foundation for a redefined scientific hypothesis. The use of XRF mapping has, for instance, been applied to a known case of correction by surface repaint, something that is supposedly rare in the ancient Egyptian formal artistic process, while another fully unexpected one was discovered during the analytic exploration of a royal representation. In both cases, the precise and readable imaging of the physical composition of the painted surface offers a renewed visual approach based of chemistry, that can be shared through a multi- and interdisciplinary approach. However, this also leads to a more complex description of pigment mixtures that could have multiple meanings, where the practical often leads towards the symbolic, and from there hopefully to a renewed definition of the use of colours in complex sets of ancient Egyptian representations. At this stage, though the progress in this on-site material assessment of ancient works of art definitely means astonishing progress, one humbly has to face the fact that these ancient treasures shall still retain part of their defining mysteries.