bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Significado das Experiências Emocionais de Pessoas com Diabetes Mellitus do Tipo 2
Authors: Chaves de Carvalho Lima Élida , Santos Góis Lopes Geysa , De Jesus Silva de Sousa Francisco , Tavares Palmeira Rolim Isaura Letícia
Published: July 2024

Introdução: O diagnóstico de diabetes desarmoniza a vida do indivíduo e da sua família. O presente estudo objetivou compreender o significado das experiências emocionais de pessoas com diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, exploratório, com abordagem clínico-qualitativa. Participaram do estudo 13 pessoas diagnosticadas com diabetes mellitus tipo 2, que foram selecionadas por amostragem intencional, e o tamanho da amostra foi determinado pelo critério de saturação teórica dos dados. Utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo, seguindo os sete passos conforme o método clínico-qualitativo. Resultados: As informações analisadas revelaram três categorias: (1) Sofrimento existencial; (2) Força superior no controle do adoecimento; e (3) A doença como desafio. Discussão: Ao viver com diabetes tipo 2, as pessoas buscam dar sentido e significado à sua condição. A repercussão da experiência do viver com diabetes tipo 2, neste estudo, apontou que as atitudes das pessoas estão relacionadas à maneira como elas enfrentaram e priorizaram a enfermidade em suas vidas. Conclusão: As experiências emocionais produziram significados que ultrapassam o aspecto sintomatológico e permitiram identificar como essas experiências são percebidas nas dimensões social, afetiva e espiritual diante do grau de aceitação e do convívio com as limitações advindas da cronicidade da doença.
Perspectivas Profissionais e Maternas no Transtorno do Espectro Autista: Paradigmas e Cuidados em Saúde Mental
Authors: Pereira Risso Saad Amanda , Haidamus de Oliveira Bastos Paulo Roberto , Cavalcante de Souza Geisa Alessandra
Published: July 2024

Introdução: O Transtorno do Espectro Autista é um transtorno do neurodesenvolvimento, com algumas abordagens enfocando a reabilitação e outras enfatizando o suporte da saúde mental e atenção psicossocial. Este artigo objetiva compreender sentidos sobre o Transtorno do Espectro Autista e das relações familiares da criança com o transtorno, à luz dos paradigmas psiquiátrico e psicossocial, a partir da perspectiva de profissionais de saúde e de mães. Método: Os participantes estiveram vinculados ao Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Infantojuvenil, em Campo Grande, MS, dentre eles, quatro profissionais de saúde e três mães. Utilizou-se abordagem qualitativa, com enfoque descritivo e corte transversal. Fora aplicado questionário para equipe de saúde e realizada entrevista com mães. Resultados: Os resultados, tratados pela Análise de Conteúdo Temática, revelaram perspectivas sobre déficits do transtorno, influenciados por comportamentos desafiadores, como crises de nervosismo, dificuldades alimentares e distúrbios do sono em crianças. Paralelamente, emergiram visões que destacaram potencialidades do transtorno, especialmente nas relações afetivas e transformações pessoais. Discussões e Considerações Finais: Destaca-se a necessidade de articulações transdisciplinares na instrumentalização dos serviços, de modo a privilegiar potencialidades do infante, superar preconceitos e contribuir com práticas holísticas.
O combate ao racismo na educação superior: a experiência dos NEAB’s das universidades estaduais do Paraná
Authors: Da Silva Maria Nilza , Santos Gabriel Gustavo , Felipe Delton Aparecido , Panta Mariana Aparecida dos Santos , Marques Sonia Maria dos Santos , Filho Clodoaldo Porto
Published: July 2024

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar as atividades realizadas conjuntamente por sete universidades estaduais do Paraná na “2ª Campanha de Erradicação do Racismo na Educação Superior da América Latina” (2021), iniciativa proposta pela Cátedra Unesco “Educación Superior y Pueblos Indigenas y Afrodesciendentes en America Latina”, coordenada por Daniel Mato, da Universidad Nacional Tres Febrero - UNTREF, Argentina. Para discorrer sobre essa experiência de forma contextualizada, o artigo tem como ponto de partida uma breve abordagem dos impactos do racismo no sistema educacional brasileiro, bem como de alguns aspectos da luta antirracista no Brasil e no Paraná, com destaque à intensa mobilização pela implementação, aprimoramento e continuidade das ações afirmativas para a população negra na educação superior. Em seguida, apresenta as ações desenvolvidas pelas instituições de ensino superior do Paraná no âmbito da campanha de erradicação do racismo. Dentre os principais resultados obtidos, destacam-se as profícuas trocas de experiências entre as universidades do Paraná, que propiciaram a criação de redes de apoio e colaboração interinstitucional para o fortalecimento de ações de combate ao racismo na educação superior em diálogo com outras instituições nacionais e internacionais.
Interlayer expansion and conductive networking of MoS2 nanoroses mediated by bio-derived carbon for enhanced potassium-ion storage
Authors: Zhang Shuo , Yin Zonggui , Wang Lili , Shu Mengyao , Liang Xin , Liang Sheng , Hu Lei , Deng Chonghai , Hu Kunhong , Zhu Xiaobo
Published: July 2024

Potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) represent a promising battery technology for energy storage applications. Nevertheless, the progress of PIBs is still hindered by the lack of electrode materials that allow rapid and repeatable accommodation of the large K+ ions. Herein, a composite anode material containing interlayered-expanded MoS2 (55.6% larger) nanoroses in carbon nanonets (MoS2/C@CNs) is designed with the assistance of biomass bagasse, of which the dual carbon sources convert into interlayer and skeleton carbon, respectively. The unique structure facilitates electron/ion transport in the entire electrode and offers excellent structural stability, leading to much improved electrochemical performance compared to simple MoS2/C composite and pure MoS2. Furthermore, the role of electrolyte salts (potassium hexafluorophosphate and potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide) and the electrolyte concentration on the interfacial properties in PIBs have been explored. The results indicate that the low-concentration potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide electrolyte helps to produce optimized organic-inorganic solid electrolyte interface films, contributing to a capacity retention of 90% after 1,000 cycles at 2 A g-1.
A ESCRITA DE DIÁRIOS DE AULA: DESVELANDO REFLEXÕES A PARTIR DE UMA EXPERIÊNCIA NO ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO DO CURSO DE LICENCIATURA EM QUÍMICA
Authors: Gomes Santos Bianca , Jatobá Palmieri Luciane
Published: July 2024

A prática pedagógica desempenha um papel fundamental na formação educacional dos(as) estudantes de cursos de Licenciatura. Nessa fase inicial, é importante que os(as) docentes em formação sejam incentivados e estimulados a refletirem sobre suas práticas docentes. Alguns instrumentos podem ser utilizados para promover a reflexão na formação de professores(as), como a escrita de diários reflexivos. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as reflexões pautadas por licenciandos(as) em seus diários de aula com relação a importância do planejamento didático-pedagógico e sobre suas experiências formativas no campo do estágio. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo documental. Os documentos analisados são os sete diários de aula produzidos por licenciandos(as) em Química no contexto do estágio curricular supervisionado.  A partir das análises dos diários observou-se que os(as) licenciandos(as) destacam a experiência formativa do estágio como fundamental, possibilitando vivenciar a realidade de ser professor(a) e os desafios encontrados. Além disso, evidenciam também, pela experiência vivenciada, que o planejamento não ocorre efetivamente, mas sim uma adesão a uma estrutura pré-estabelecida, influenciada por diversos fatores. Por fim, defende-se que para promover concretamente a qualidade do ensino público e aprimorar a formação docente, torna-se imprescindível que as políticas públicas estejam realmente direcionadas a esses objetivos.
Origin-Destination prediction from Road Segment Speed Data using GraphResLSTM Model
Authors: Zhang Jun , Hu Guangtong
Published: July 2024

Amidst the escalating demands for efficient Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) management, the significance of accurate Origin-Destination (OD) data prediction has emerged as a paramount concern, given its indispensable role in the ITS domain. This paper introduces a groundbreaking integrated model, creatively fusing the unique strengths of Graph Convolutional Network (GCN), Residual Neural Network (ResNet), and Long Short-Term Memory Network (LSTM) into a single architecture, which we name GraphResLSTM, to exploit road segment average speed data for OD prediction. Compared with conventional road segment traffic volume data, average speed data is more readily available, significantly reducing the data accessibility barrier for OD prediction. We underscore the critical role of selection of key road segments and employs a combination of Entropy Weight Method and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to identify 41 representative road segments from the experimental road network. In the experimental phase, we simulate 86400000 seconds of traffic conditions, generating a total of 1440000 data records. Utilizing these simulated data, we design and conduct comparative experiments between models as well as data types. The results demonstrate that both the GraphResLSTM model and road segment average speed data outperform other models and data types notably in OD prediction tasks.
Advancements in Date Palm Genomics and Biotechnology Genomic Resources to the Precision Agriculture: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Pandey Nikhil , Tripathi Pooja , Pandey Nancy , Nakum Hitesh , Vala Yuvraj Sinh
Published: July 2024

In many parts of the Asia, particularly in the arid regions of the middle east the date palm i.e. Phoneix dactylifera L. is considered a significant plant both culturally and economically. Over the past decade numerous biotechnological tools have been applied to revolutionize the date palm research and its cultivation process. In this comprehensive review ,we provided the in depth overview of the cutting edge developments in the date palm biotechnology, mentioning the important areas such as genomics, genetic engineering, in vitro propagation, omics technologies, and the integration of the artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI-ML).Due to these advancements ,in the date palm production how the date palm production lead the production of superior date palm cultivars with the improved yield ,fruit quality and resilience to biotic and abiotic stresses. Also it explores the application of the biotech tools in the enhancing pest and disease management strategies, increasing date palm productivity and developing the date palm based bio-factories for the production of high value compounds. This review highlights the current challenges faced by the date palm industries ,including the limited water resources ,genetic erosion , pests and disease and the need for improved postharvest handling and processing. It examines how these tools coupled with AI-based approaches can be leveraged to address these challenges and ensure the long term sustainability of date palm cultivation.
Dynamic Modulus of Elasticity as a Guideline for Deformation Evaluation by Using the Finite Element Method for Igneous Rocks in the Morelia Region
Authors: Navarrete-Seras M. A. , Alonso-Guzman E. M. , Martinez-Molina W. , Chavez-García H. L. , Arreola-Sanchez M. , Borrego-Perez J. A. , Cervantes-Servin A. I.
Published: July 2024

Understanding and measuring rock characteristics is crucial for scientific and practical applications. This study investigates stone quarries in Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico, evaluating ten quarries (both volcanic and crushed) using diverse analytical methods. Physical properties such as density were measured alongside mechanical tests like uniaxial compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity. Results demonstrate that crushed materials exhibit superior physical and mechanical properties compared to volcanic stones. Advanced techniques including high-magnification scanning electron microscopy and X-ray fluorescence provided insights into surface morphology and elemental composition. Additionally, a novel finite element model was constructed, leveraging dynamic modulus of elasticity (Ed) derived from ultrasonic pulse velocity and maximum load data from uniaxial compressive strength tests. This model facilitated the classification of quarries based on their engineering characteristics. The findings underscore the model’s potential applicability to quarry assessments globally, offering valuable insights into optimizing stone resource utilization and enhancing structural integrity in construction projects.
Comparative Study of Fishing Performance and Underwater Stability according to the Giant Octopus Pot Shape off the East Coast of Korea
Authors: Kim Seonghun , Kim Pyungkwan , Ryu Kyung-Jin
Published: July 2024

The giant octopus caught off the east coast of Korea is an important fishery resource with the largest haul and is mostly caught using net pots. While giant octopus pots have different shapes, drum, rectangular, and cylinder pots are mostly used. However, these pots have not been thoroughly evaluated. Here, we evaluated the fishing performance of three giant octopus pots, their fluid resistance, and underwater movement. Six sea trials were conducted near the Hupo region in Gyeongsangbuk-do. In total, 163 individuals (62,724 g), 190 individuals (49,913 g), and 154 individuals (52,364 g) were caught using drum, rectangular, and cylinder pots, respectively. Drum pots showed significant differences in the amount of catch by weight (ANOVA test, p<0.05). Moreover, the percentage of minimum conservation size was the lowest in cylinder pots (6.5%). Drum pots showed the highest stability in the underwater stability test, while underwater fluid resistance at 2.5 kt fluid speed was in the following order: drum pots (7.66 kgf) > rectangular pots (7.16 kgf) > cylinder pots (7.04 kgf). Therefore, drum pots showed excellent fishing performance. This study provides foundational data for developing managing systems for giant octopus resources and establishing the extent of fishing gear usage.
Machine Learning Insights into Digital Payment Behaviors and Fraud Prediction
Authors: zhang Xu
Published: July 2024

With the continuous advancement of digital transformation, digital payments are playing an increasingly important role in the financial industry. This study aims to utilize machine learning models to predict and analyze digital payment behavior. Initially, the background and significance of digital payments in the financial sector are introduced. Subsequently, the current status and trends of traditional digital payment distribution are reviewed, alongside related work on digital payment behavior prediction. Methodologically, principles and applications of machine learning models such as logistic regression, decision trees, and random forests are elaborated, along with experimental design and data preprocessing methods. The experimental results and discussion section illustrates the performance of each model in digital payment prediction and explores their impact on credit decisions. This exploration equips financial institutions with more effective user behavior analysis and risk management tools, thereby fostering future development and application of digital payment technologies.
Graphic Restitution and Recovery of the Chronos Pavement of the Marquis of Benicarlo’s House
Authors: Martínez-Moya Joaquín A. , Gual-Ortí Jaume
Published: July 2024

The Marquis of Benicarlo’s House is a prime example of 18th-century Baroque civil architecture in the Valencian region. Inside, it preserves ceramic panels from this period of great historical and heritage value. However, prior to its designation as a Cultural Heritage Site, the building lost some of its most architecturally significant elements, such as the flooring in one of the main rooms, which was decorated with rich iconography. Fortunately, the original tiles from this flooring have been located in the collections of the National Museum of Ceramics. This study presents the recovery and graphic restitution of the flooring based on the pieces found in the museum's collections. This work allows us to understand the original appearance of the flooring before its dismantling and may enable its in-situ restoration through digital ceramic printing techniques, thus returning one of its most unique architectural elements to the building. It also details the process of digitally restoring the flooring to its original location using advanced digitization techniques. This enables the visualization of the hall in its authentic state using virtual reality methods, thereby facilitating its appreciation and dissemination as a heritage architectural space.
Preoperative Mechanical Bowel Preparation Does Not Affect the Impact of Anastomosis Leakage in Left Side Colorectal Surgery – a Single Center Observational Study
Authors: Danihel Ľudovít , Cerny Marián , Dropco Ivor , Zrnikova Petra , Schnorrer Milan , Smolár Marek , Misanik Miloslav , Durdik Stefan
Published: July 2024

Even despite rapid advances in colorectal surgery, morbidity and mortality rates in elective gastrointestinal surgery play a significant role. For decades, there have been tempestuous discussions on preventive measures to minimize the risk of anastomotic dehiscence. When mechanical bowel preparation before elective procedure, one of the key hypotheses, has been introduced into practice, it was assumed that it would decrease number of infectious complications and anastomotic dehiscence. The advancements in antibiotic treatment supported concomitant administration of oral antibiotics and mechanical bowel preparation.
In the prospective study conducted at our clinic, we performed left-side colorectal procedures without the prior mechanical preparation. All patients enrolled in the study underwent the surgery and had been observed in the 3rd Surgical Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia, from January 2019 to January 2020. As a control group we used similar group of patients with MBP.
Our observed group included 87 patients with tumors in the left part of their large intestine (lineal flexure, descendent colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum). Dixon laparoscopic resection was performed in 26 patients. Sigmoid laparoscopic resection was performed in 27 patients. In 12 patients, the procedure was started laparoscopically but had to be converted due to adverse anatomical conditions. The conservative approaches mostly included Dixon resections (19 patients), sigmoid colon resection (5 patients) and left side hemicolectomy (6 patients), and Miles´ tumor resection with rectal amputation (4 patients). Our study highlighted the fact that MBP does not have the unequivocal benefit for patients with colorectal infection, which has an impact on development of anastomotic dehiscence.
Wetted Ramps Selectively Block Upstream Passage of Adult Sea Lamprey
Authors: Reinhardt Uli , Corniuk Nicholas
Published: July 2024

Dams fragment stream habitat and fishways around dams typically serve few species that are strong swimmers or jumpers. We test a prototype wetted ramp designed to allow upstream passage of small-bodied fishes while blocking upstream movement of invasive sea lamprey in the Laurentian Great Lakes. We tested short, smooth ramps with 5-10 mm water depth in various combinations of ramp angle, water flow and swim channel width with the aim to selectively block adult migrating sea lamprey while passing sub-adult white suckers (Catostomus commersonii) and creek chubs (Semotilus atromaculatus). Sea lamprey easily passed a 0.75 ramp at 5 angle, but very few individuals passed a similar ramp at 10 angle and none passed a longer ramp at the 5 angle. Limiting the amplitude of tailbeats in a narrow channel did not hamper lamprey or the other species. Greater water flow, and thereby greater immersion depth on the ramp fostered passage for all species. Smaller-bodied individual of creek chubs and white suckers performed best on the ramp. We show that wetted ramps could be incorporated into fishways at low-head dams to aid passage of smaller-bodied fishes while also blocking the spawning migration of adult sea lamprey.
Is Dark Matter a Misinterpretation of a Perspective Effect?
Authors: Pascoli Gianni , Pernas Louis
Published: July 2024

Very recently, a straightforward way was proposed in order to understand the galaxy and
galactic cluster world without using the very elusive dark matter concept. This way was called
κ-model [1, 2, 3, 4]. The main idea is to save the form of the usual physical laws, especially the
Newton’s laws of motion when gravity is weak, but only by applying a local renormalization
procedure for the lengths, distances and velocities. This local renormalization appears as a
correspondance principle in the κ-model. In this model the fundamental physical constants
remain universal, i.e. are independent of the point and of time. The κ-model is Newtonian
in essence but a relativistic extension can easily be built. The aim of the present paper is to
detail the mathematical formalism supporting i
MS 584 Expansions for the Conditional Distribution and Density of a Standard Estimate
Authors: Withers Christopher
Published: July 2024

A good approximation for the distribution of an estimate, is vital for statistical inference. Here we give Edgeworth expansions for the conditional density and the conditional distribution of any multivariate standard estimate.
Age-Variant Configurations of Emotional Episodic Memory Evaluated by Natural Language Processing, Machine Learning and Network Graph Analysis
Authors: Shirai Mariko , Soshi Takahiro
Published: July 2024

Considering that emotional events diversify as one ages, this study formulates the Salient Episodic Memory Aggregation Hypothesis, which claims that aging induces homogenization of episodic memory and consequently increases the salience of emotional episodes. To test this hypothesis, the study focused on sadness episodic memory and conducted a web-based survey and a combined analysis consisting of natural language processing, machine learning, and network graph analysis. A sample of 2,954 adults aged between their 20s and over 70s participated in this study. They were asked to describe a sad event they had experienced and assess the psychological properties of the recalled episodes. After isolating and lemmatizing episodic words using natural language processing, vocabulary frequency was counted for each generation, and network graph analysis based on machine learning was performed to compare the structures of sadness episodes between generations. As a result, there were mainly two types of episodic words for which frequencies either declined or increased with age. The network structures of episodic words for the older generations possessed higher proximity (shortest path length) to higher concentrations of episodic words. These findings support the current hypothesis, indicating that the nature of sadness episodes differ between generations, and that older people have more aggregated episodic memory structures.
The Physical and Logical Necessity to Modify The Definition of The SI Standard of Length, The Metre
Authors: Unnikrishnan CS
Published: July 2024

The SI unit of length, the Metre, is presently defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the fundamental constant `c', the invariant speed of light in vacuum. This definition has the same physical basis as the previous definition, as the length of the path travelled by light in vacuum during a time interval of 1/299 792 458 of a second. With the atomic standard second defined in terms of the ground state hyperfine transition in Caesium-133, this definition is supposed to provide a universally reproducible standard of length. However, this relies on Einstein's singular postulate that the relative velocity of light in vacuum is an invariant constant that is independent of any inertial motion of the reference laboratory. I argue that the basis of the definition of the standard metre should be changed to the specific form, "the length of the path equal to the two-way propagation of light in vacuum during a time interval of 1/299 792 458 of a second", to be compatible and consistent with the fact that it is only the two-way relative velocity that is consistent with being an invariant. The null result in the Michelson-Morley two-way experiment, and in all such experiments to date, is consistent with a Galilean one-way propagation of light (relative velocity $c'=c\pm v$) as well as an invariant relative velocity of light. All practical methods and protocols related to the implementation of length standard involve also a two-way propagation, not conforming to the present definition. Besides, this redefinition is absolutely necessary because the relative velocity of light in one-way propagation is indeed Galilean, and not an invariant, as proved here in multiple ways including a direct experiment.
An Embarrassingly Simple Method to Compromise Language Models
Authors: Wang Jingwei
Published: July 2024

Language models like BERT dominate current NLP research due to their robust performance, but they are vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Such attacks cause the model to consistently generate incorrect predictions when specific triggers are present in the input, while maintaining normal behavior on clean inputs. In this paper, we propose a straightforward data poisoning method targeting the BERT architecture. Our approach does not involve complex modifications to the model or its training process; instead, it relies solely on altering a small portion of the training data. By introducing simple perturbations into just 10% of the training dataset, we demonstrate the feasibility of injecting a backdoor into the model. Our experimental results show a high attack success rate, indicating that the model trained on the poisoned data can reliably associate the trigger with the attacker's desired outputs while its performance on clean data remains unaffected. This highlights the stealth and effectiveness of our method, emphasizing the need for improved defensive strategies to protect against such threats. Our study underscores the critical importance of ongoing research and development to safeguard AI systems from malicious exploitation, ensuring the security and reliability of NLP applications.
The Ideal Model on the Cosmic Continuum: A Unified Mechanism on Cosmic and Material Structure
Authors: Wang Xijia
Published: July 2024

The fundamental divergence in foundation of modern physics lies in the incompatibility between quantum theory and relativity. This study created a new mathematical tools, proposed the dark particle hypothesis and new equivalent principle, and established an ideal model on the cosmic continuum. According to this study, any cosmic system is a continuum composed of existence continuum relative to the wavelength of bosons energy waves and its dimension continuum, four fundamental interactions form a continuum relative to the wavelength of corresponding boson energy waves, respectively, the elementary particles and their existence fields are the basic units of cosmic continuum, the existence field of an existence body is equivalent to its dimension field, dark matter is a dark mass body composed of dark particles, singularity is a dark matter celestial body formed by collapse of black hole, and the singularity and its existence field constitute an existence continuum of singularity.
Ship Maneuvering in Shallow and Narrow Waters: Predictive Methods and Model Development Review
Authors: Maljković Mislav , Pavić Ivica , Meštrović Toni , Perkovič Marko
Published: July 2024

The maneuverability of ships is influenced by several factors, including ship design, size, propulsion system, hull shape, and external conditions such as wind, waves, and currents. The size, shape, and arrangement of the hull, rudder, and propeller are decisive for maneuverability. Hydrodynamic forces such as bank effect and squat significantly impact the maneuverability of large ships in narrow channels. With the increasing trend of building ever-larger ships, the demand to evaluate the maneuvering performance of the ship at the design stage has become more critical than ever. Both experimental and computational methods are used to obtain accurate maneuvering characteristics of vessels. In this study, the methods for predicting ship maneuvering characteristics are analyzed using a systematic review based on the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA). This article contributes to a deeper understanding of the hydrodynamic capabilities of ships and identifies possible future challenges in the field of ship hydrodynamics. The findings inform educators and the shipping industry about the importance of predicting the maneuvering performance of ships, with an emphasis on the education and training of seafarers needed to make timely decisions in critical situations.
Multi-Objective Optimal Threshold Selection for Similarity Functions in Siamese Networks for Semantic Textual Similarity Tasks
Authors: Kriuk Boris , Kriuk Fedor
Published: July 2024

This paper presents a comparative study of fundamental similarity functions for Siamese networks in semantic textual similarity (STS) tasks. We evaluate various similarity functions using the STS Benchmark dataset, analyzing their performance and stability. Additionally, we introduce a multi-objective approach for optimal threshold selection. Our findings provide insights into the effectiveness of different similarity functions and offer a straightforward method for threshold selection optimization, contributing to the advancement of Siamese network architectures in STS applications.
Development of a surface EMG for gait analysis and rehabilitation of hemiparetic
Authors: Pradon Didier , Tong Li , Chalitsios Christos , Roche Nicolas
Published: July 2024

Background : The quantification of electromyographic activity using surface electrodes is inval-uable for understanding gait disorders in patients with central nervous system lesions. We propose to evaluate a commercially available low-cost system compared to a reference system in partic-ipants with stroke-related movement disorders in functional situations.
Methods : Three hemiparetic participants performed three functional tasks: two treadmill walks at different speeds and a sit-to-stand test. The vastus lateralis and gastrocnemius medialis muscles were equipped with two EMG sensors. The comparison between the two EMG systems was based on 883 identified cycles. Spearman’s correlation coefficients (SC), linear correlation coefficients (LCC), and cross-correlation coefficients (CCC) were calculated.
Results : The main results indicate good to very good similarity of the EMG signals collected from the two tested sEMG systems. In the comfortable walking condition, an SC of 0.894±0.091 and an LCC of 0.909±0.094 were noted. In the fast walking condition, an SC of 0.918±0.064 and an LCC of 0.935±0.056 were observed. For the 1-minute sit-to-stand test an SC of 0.880±0.058 and an LCC of 0.881±0.065 were noted.
Conclusions : This study demonstrates good to very good similarity between the two sEMG systems, enabling the analysis of muscle activity during functional tasks.
Advancements and Research in Coplanar Capacitive Sensing Techniques for Non-Destructive Testing and Evaluation: A State-of-the-Art Review
Authors: Abdollahi-Mamoudan Farima , Ibarra-Castanedo Clemente , Maldague Xavier
Published: July 2024

In contrast to conventional non-destructive testing (NDT) and non-destructive evaluation (NDE) methodologies, including radiography, ultrasound, and eddy current analysis, the coplanar capacitive sensing technique emerges as a novel and promising avenue within the field. This paper endeavors to elucidate the efficacy of coplanar capacitive sensing, also referred to as capacitive imaging (CI), within the realm of NDT. Leveraging extant scholarly discourse, this review offers a comprehensive and methodical examination of the coplanar capacitive technique, encompassing its fundamental principles, factors influencing sensor efficacy, and diverse applications for defect identification across various NDT domains. Furthermore, this review deliberates on extant challenges and anticipates future trajectories for the technique. The manifold advantages inherent to coplanar capacitive sensing vis-à-vis traditional NDT methodologies not only afford versatility in application but also underscore its potential for pioneering advancements in forthcoming applications.
Evaluating the Anti-cancer Potential of Ganoderma lucidum: A Critical Analysis of Clinical Evidence and Methodological Advances.
Authors: Austin-Asomeji Iyingiala , Raimi Morufu Olalekan , Mbong Emem Okon , Ariyo Adenike Bosede , Evans Fubara Gift , Ekine Emmanuel Green , Rotimi Abdulsalam Ridwan , Ibere Karibi Eralei , Lawan Salisu , Onugha Augustine Chimeebere , Ajueyitsi Oghenerhoro Simeon , Ukoh Sandra Nonyerem Bunmi , Akhigbe Esther Omone
Published: July 2024

Rationale: A wide range of bioactive phytoconstituents from edible fungi, especially therapeutic mushrooms, have the potential to improve health, especially in the case of chronic illnesses. Known for its anti-cancer qualities, ganoderma lucidum has been the focus of multiple clinical studies. Existing systematic reviews imply that more clinical research and methodological refinement are necessary to support its usage as a primary cancer treatment.Objective: The objective of this research is to evaluate the anti-cancer potential of the bioactive phytoconstituents found in mushrooms, specifically Ganoderma lucidum, in a thorough manner. The aim is to conduct a critical assessment of the extant literature, pinpoint any deficiencies, and offer valuable perspectives on the methodological excellence and research requirements in this domain.Method(s): A thorough analysis of published clinical trials was carried out, with a focus on studies that examined the effectiveness of Ganoderma lucidum and other products derived from mushrooms in treating cancer. The study's design, stated results, and methodological rigor were all carefully examined to evaluate the validity and reliability of the conclusions.Results: Despite Ganoderma lucidum's potential against cancer, the evaluation finds insufficient data to support its widespread usage as a primary cancer treatment. Products made from mushrooms, which are frequently sold as dietary supplements, have anti-cancer claims. But since pre-approval is not required under US regulatory framework in order to market food supplements, these statements raise questions regarding their scientific validity.Conclusions/Recommendations: The study's result emphasizes the necessity of more methodological advancement in clinical studies examining Ganoderma lucidum's potential as an anti-cancer agent. It also highlights the significance of thorough scientific validation for goods made from mushrooms that make health claims. To establish accurate claims regarding their anti-cancer effects, recommendations include developing technological methods for the purification of bioactive substances and undertaking thorough studies of mushroom products from different geographical regions. The goal of this thorough analysis is to direct future investigations and support the ethical promotion and use of products derived from mushrooms for medical purposes.
Grid Resilience and Energy Storage: Leveraging Machine Learning for Grid Services and Ancillary
Authors: Yang Zhengjie
Published: July 2024

This paper reviews the multiple roles of machine learning in improving the resilience of power grids, especially in applying new energy storage technologies. Energy storage technologies, such as compressed air energy storage, flywheel energy storage, and superconducting coil energy storage, significantly improve the power grid's ability to respond to load fluctuations and emergencies through intelligent control and optimisation of machine learning algorithms. This not only helps to optimise energy dispatch and improve the operational efficiency and flexibility of the grid but also significantly improves the stability and reliability of the grid so that it is better able to meet future challenges and needs.
Acquired Ptosis in Patient with Suspect Meningiomatosis
Authors: Fahmi Moch. , Widhianingsih Nella Lusti
Published: July 2024

Background: Ptosis is abnormally low positioned upper eyelid. It can be classified as congenital and acquired. Meningiomas are mostly benign tumors originating from meningothelial (arachnoid) cells (MECs). A subset of meningioma patients bears two or more spatially separated synchronous or metachronous tumors termed “Multiple Meningiomas” (MM) or meningiomatosis.
Case: A 51-year-old female complained the dizziness was associated with nausea and emetic episodes. She reported any blurred vision and woke up with the dropped eyelid. Prior to this she had double vision and light headedness that she had 3 months before. The ophthalmic examination presented partial left ptosis and the patient's left eye was shifted towards the lateral edge at rest. CT scan with contrast presented multiple solid masses, extra axial, homogeneous, strong contrast enhancement with calvaria hyperostosis and perifocal edema in the left frontal region and left temporoparietal region.
Discussion: Ptosis in the left eye and exotropia is consistent with a left oculomotor nerve palsy. CT scan with contrast confirmed multiple solid masses leaning towards meningiomatosis. In this case, patient-acquired ptosis could be caused by direct oculomotor compression of the frontal lobe tumor, the tumor site being close to the superior orbital fissure.
Conclusion: Stemming from third cranial nerve dysfunction, multiple solid masses in the left frontal region indicate meningiomatosis. Acquired ptosis may result from direct compression of the oculomotor nerve by the frontal lobe tumor. While surgery is the primary treatment for meningiomas, corticosteroids may be considered in acute conditions to alleviate perifocal edema.
Soil quality index in some cropping systems in plot 17 of Wanagama forest, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Mustofa Arif , Utami Sri Nuryani Hidayah , Purwanto Benito Heru
Published: July 2024

The Wanagama 1 Forest, owned by Universitas Gadjah Mada  in Playen, is an educational and research forest that is home to different species of trees that are managed and treated differently. Finding the quality index values for different cropping strategies in plot 17 of Wanagama Educational Forest 1 was the aim of this study. The soil quality index was determined using three methods: simple addition, scoring and weighting, and summation. The results show that in plot 17 of the Wanagama forest, the highest soil quality index values were found for ebony species and the lowest soil quality index values were found for mahogany and Eucalyptus species. The results showed that all land uses with different types of forest plants had lower soil quality indices. The stepwise analysis results showed that porosity, organic C, cation exchange capacity (CEC), P availability, K availability, and C biomass influenced the soil quality index. Measuring soil quality can help you learn more about soil properties and how to improve it through effective management.
Nutrient status and soil fertility index as a basis for sustainable rice field management in Madiun Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Suntoro Suntoro , Herdiansyah Ganjar , Mujiyo Mujiyo
Published: July 2024

Agricultural development, specifically for crops, contributes significantly to national development. However, problems with water and low soil fertility are obstacles to this development. This study evaluated the nutritional status and soil fertility index as the basis for determining the direction of rice field management in Madiun Regency, East Java, Indonesia. The research method was conducted by surveying the soil characteristics followed by laboratory analysis. Soil samples were collected using stratified proportional sampling from 19 land units with 31 samples. The soil fertility index was determined using a principal component analysis test and calculated by dividing the weights by the minimum soil fertility index indicators. The study results show that the nutritional status of total N in the study area is low to high (0.13%–0.59%) and total P is very low to very high (12.18–73.66 ppm), whereas the status of exchangeable K is very low to very high (0.01–0.67 cmol.kg−1), Cation Exchange Capacity is low to high (12.8–36.0 cmol.kg−1), and organic carbon is low to very high (1.98%–6.54%). The soil fertility index ranges from medium to extremely high. The influential indicators are total P, total N, exchangeable K, and organic carbon. It is recommended that the rice field management system implement a “sustainable agricultural intensification” system that combines the two systems “intensification” and “sustainable agroecosystem.” This system still uses proportional inorganic and organic fertilizers (manure, compost, and agricultural waste).
Features of the procedure for assessing the ability to drive a vehicle of drivers previously deprived of their rights for driving a vehicle while intoxicated: a qualitative study
Authors: Masyakin A. V. , Bedina I. A. , Kharitonenkova E. Yu. , Sazonova A. S. , Bedina I. D.
Published: July 2024

Objective: identification of significant factors influencing the decision of a psychiatrist-narcologist to allow a driver to drive a vehicle (vehicle) during a medical examination related to the restoration of the right to drive a vehicle. Materials and methods. A series of in-depth interviews with psychiatrists and narcologists was conducted to study the existing problems they face when conducting a medical examination of vehicle drivers related to the restoration of the right to drive a vehicle. Results. When conducting an examination of drivers who were previously deprived of their rights for driving a vehicle while intoxicated, psychiatrists and narcologists tend to be subjective. The degree of perceived risk from making a wrong decision based on the results of this procedure is lower in comparison with an erroneous conclusion when obtaining a certificate for a weapon. Despite the possibility of atracting additional resources when assessing the suitability of drivers, psychiatrists and narcologists tend to avoid making decisions on their own and delegate the conclusion to other specialists. The specifics of the organization of this procedure may have a negative impact on the attitude of the examinee to the doctor (the phenomenon of discrediting the status of a doctor). Conclusion. It is necessary to develop additional diagnostic criteria to the current ones, which must be met by a driver “going through” the procedure for restoring a driver’s license. This is primarily applicable in situations where the laboratory diagnostic method gives a negative result, but the patient’s condition, however, raises doubts among the specialist. There is a need to create a unified algorithm for the examination route map if additional diagnostically significant examination of the patient is necessary.
Key trends in the development of global public health: 2021–2023
Authors: Tsvetkova L. A. , Kurakov F. A. , Karmina R. L.
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the study was to create a list of key thematic trends in the subject area “public health” that had taken shape by the end of 2023. Achieving the goal involved solving two tasks: a review of foreign publications devoted to the analysis of key topics in public health in 2021–2023; and the generation and analysis of a sample of the most cited publications in the internationalized public health segment over the same period.Materials and methods. The formation of a collection of foreign publications devoted to the analysis of trends in the subject area “public health” for the period 2021–2023 was carried out using the PubMed search engine and the query (“TREND*”) AND (“PUBLIC HEALTH”). 59 most relevant publications were selected for review. To create a collection of highly cited publications in the internationalized segment in the field of public health, recorded in research fronts based on the results of 2023, the Clarivate analytical resource – Essential Science Indicators (ESI) was used.Research results. Integration of the results of two stages of the study (expert assessments and the thematic landscape of a sample of the most cited publications in the field of public health) revealed a complete coincidence of 7 out of 10 trends in the development of public health at the present stage. The frontiers of the thematic area under study included the following thematic areas: the sustainability of national health systems (1), the increase in the number of mental disorders (2), the increase in the use of psychoactive substances (3), the impact of climate change on morbidity (4), the impact of environmental pollution on morbidity (5), healthy eating and food safety (6), aging population (7), sexual and reproductive health disorders (8), road traffic injuries (9), digital transformation of health (10), cancer (11), diseases of the cardiovascular system (12), an increase in infectious morbidity (13).
Minimal Clinically Important Difference (MCID) for the Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment (SMFA) in Severe Lower Extremity Trauma
Authors: Carlini Anthony R. , Agel Julie , Bosse Michael J. , Frey Katherine P. , Staguhn Elena D. , Vallier Heather A. , Obremskey William , Swiontkowski Marc F. , Cannada Lisa K. , Tornetta Paul , MacKenzie Ellen J. , O’Toole Robert V. , Reider Lisa , Allen Lauren E. , Collins Susan C. , Castillo Renan C. ,   METRC (Major Extremity Trauma Research Consortium)
Published: July 2024

Background:

The Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment (SMFA) is a well validated, widely used patient-reported outcome (PRO) measure for orthopaedic patients. Despite its widespread use and acceptance, this measure does not have an agreed upon minimal clinically important difference (MCID). The purpose of the present study was to create distributional MCIDs with use of a large cohort of research participants with severe lower extremity fractures.

Methods:

Three distributional approaches were used to calculate MCIDs for the Dysfunction and Bother Indices of the SMFA as well as all its domains: (1) half of the standard deviation (one-half SD), (2) twice the standard error of measurement (2SEM), and (3) minimal detectable change (MDC). In addition to evaluating by patient characteristics and the timing of assessment, we reviewed these calculations across several injury groups likely to affect functional outcomes.

Results:

A total of 4,298 SMFA assessments were collected from 3,185 patients who had undergone surgical treatment of traumatic injuries of the lower extremity at 60 Level-I trauma centers across 7 multicenter, prospective clinical studies. Depending on the statistical approach used, the MCID associated with the overall sample ranged from 7.7 to 10.7 for the SMFA Dysfunction Index and from 11.0 to 16.8 for the SMFA Bother Index. For the Dysfunction Index, the variability across the scores was small (<5%) within the sex and age subgroups but was modest (12% to 18%) across subgroups related to assessment timing.

Conclusions:

A defensible MCID can be found between 7 and 11 points for the Dysfunction Index and between 11 and 17 points for the Bother Index. The precise choice of MCID may depend on the preferred statistical approach and the population under study. While differences exist between MCID values based on the calculation method, values were consistent across the categories of the various subgroups presented.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.