bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Culturally Informed Trauma Therapy Approach for Muslim Refugee Families
Authors: GENC Emel
Published: July 2022

Refugees arriving in western countries from predominantly Muslim countries, who have already been exposed to severe traumatic experiences in their country of origin, experience further stress during the resettlement process in the host country. Although the number of Muslim refugees is increasing in the U.S. and Europe, the existing literature is not yet adequate to determine which treatments are effective for traumatized Muslim refugee families. Since inappropriate treatment approaches for this population may result cause ineffective or even negative therapy outcomes, this study aimed to develop a culturally responsive treatment model. Specifically, it offers an integrated family-based therapy approach for refugee families, which is influenced by narrative, art, and narrative exposure approaches. This integrated family therapy model consists of 12 weekly sessions in four phases: a) diagnostic interview; b) narration of the life story; c) exposure to the trauma; and d) re-narration and reprocessing of the traumatic events. Future studies should test the feasibility and effectiveness of this integrated model with randomized controlled trials as the implementation of such treatment models is essential for developing a culturally sensitive treatment model for Muslim refugees.
Yüksek Hızlı Tren Tünel İnşaatı Projesi Çalışanlarının Covid-19 Salgınına Yönelik Algı ve Tutumlarının İncelenmesi
Authors: AĞAR Ali , TUĞRUL İsmail , ATALI Gamze
Published: July 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Covid-19 salgını sırasında yüksek hızlı tren tüneli inşaatı çalışanlarının hayatlarında olan değişiklikleri anlamak, Covid-19’a karşı oluşturdukları algı ve tutumlarını değerlendirmektir. Kesitsel çalışmada, Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve Covid-19 Salgınına Yönelik Algı ve Tutumları Değerlendirme Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın evrenini, Yüksek Hızlı Tren Tüneli İnşaatında çalışan 230 çalışan oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı, çalışmaya katılmak isteyen tüm çalışanlara dağıtılmış ve 162 çalışandan veri elde edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, T Test ve Anova analizi kullanılmıştır. Çalışanların tamamı erkek olup, %38’i 36-45 yaş aralığındadır. %74’ünün mesleki yeterlilik belgesi vardır, %80’i hiç Covid-19’a yakalanmamıştır ve çalışanların %93’ü Covid-19 aşısı olmuşlardır ayrıca %86’sı biontech aşısını oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Kronik hastalık ve mesleki yeterlilik belgesi varlığının Covid-19 salgınına yönelik algı ve tutum puan ortalamaları arasında anlamlı bir fark gözlemlenmemiştir (p> 0,05). Pandemi sürecinde koronavirüs tedavisi alma ve çalışanların yaş aralığının Covid-19 salgınına yönelik algı ve tutum puan ortalamaları arasında anlamlı bir fark gözlemlenmemiştir (p> 0,05). Araştırma sonucunda çalışanların Covid-19’a karşı oluşturdukları algı ve tutumlarının orta düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışanların Covid-19 salgınına yönelik algı ve tutumlarının farkındalığının yükseltilmesine yönelik olarak Çalışma ve Sosyal Güvenlik Bakanlığı İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Genel Müdürlüğü tarafından eğitimlerin artırılması ve bu doğrultuda projeler yürütülmesi önerilmektedir.
Violence towards health workers in the workplace: exploratory findings in secondary healthcare facilities in Kaduna metropolis, Northern Nigeria
Authors: USMAN NAFISAT , DOMINIC BENJAMIN , NWANKWO BILKISU , NMADU AWAWU , OMOLE NANBEN , USMAN OYIZA
Published: July 2022

Objective: To determine the prevalence of workplace violence and associated factors in secondary health facilities in Kaduna Metropolis.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study where a semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain data from 177 health workers who were selected by multistage sampling. The Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23 and results were presented using frequency tables. The Chi-square test was used to test for association between independent and dependent variables. Fisher’s Exact Test was used where more than 20% of the cells had a value less than 5.  The level of statistical significance was set at a p-value of <0.05.
Results: The results showed that 114 (64.4%) of the respondents had experienced workplace violence; the form which was experienced by most of the respondents was verbal abuse 100 (87.7%). Most (92; 80.7%) of the respondents did nothing following the incident. Most of the respondents believed that lack of bed space 89 (50.3%) and long waiting time 119 (67.3%) are largely responsible for violent situations. There was a statistically significant relationship between the experience of workplace violence and respondents’ age (p=0.001); sex (p=0.00146); cadre (p=0.0012) and work experience (p=0.00483).
Conclusion: Most of the respondents had experienced violence in the workplace but did not pursue further action. Training health workers on the means to identify volatile situations and address workplace violence is crucial to ensuring the reduction in the prevalence of harmful incidents. The safety and protection of health workers are integral to the adequate functioning of health systems.
PENGGUNAAN APLIKASI WHATSAPP DAN GOOGLE CLASSROOM PADA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Waritsman Arsyil , Untari Dian
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study was to describe (1) the process of mathematics learning using Whatsapp and Google classroom and (2) the constraints experienced by teachers and students regarding the use of these two applications in Mathematics learning. This research is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. The data collection technique used is interviews, observation, and documentation. The research subjects were a mathematics teacher and two students. The results showed that (1) Mathematics learning process was running smoothly where Whatsapp was used for core learning activities and Google classroom was used to access material and practice questions; (2) The obstacles faced by teachers and students are more directed at the less stable internet network.  In general, the use of Whatsapp and Google classroom in learning Mathematics runs quite well. Keywords: Learning; Mathematics; Application; Covid-19
Correlation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and Tissue Inhibitor Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 on Lactate Concentration in Sepsis patients Admitted to Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Lubis Bastian , Amelia Putri , Viandy Vincent
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Lactate level has been used not only as a biomarker for diagnosis and guiding treatment of sepsis but also as predictor of poor clinical outcomes. Elevated lactate does not specifically reflect cellular damage and this condition can be seen in other metabolic disorders. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) are two new promising biomarkers that have been reported to elevate significantly in sepsis. These two biomarkers can reflect physiological changes in tissue and cellular levels.

AIM: This study aims to identify the correlation of MMP-9, TIMP-1, and MMP-9/TIMP-1 on lactate levels in sepsis patients.

METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in two hospitals, Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, and Grand Medistra Hospital, Deli Serdang, between April 2020 and May 2021. The inclusion criteria in this study were adult sepsis patients who were admitted to ICU, with Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) or quick SOFA score ≥ 2. We recorded the characteristics, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and lactate concentration before given any intervention. The data were then analyzed to find the correlation.

RESULTS: Sixty-four patients were included in this study which consisted of almost equal men and women. The mean age of the subjects was 52.16 ± 16.25 years old. There was no correlation between MMP-9 and TIMP-1 toward lactate concentration (p = 0.466 and p = 0.65, respectively).

CONCLUSION: Our study showed no correlation between MMP-9 and TIMP-1 toward lactate concentration.
Association of Soil-Transmitted Helminths Infection with Total Serum Immunoglobulin E Levels and Total Eosinophils in Elementary School Students in Medan
Authors: Siregar Ren Amirah
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Soil-transmitted helminths infection is widespread in tropical and subtropical areas. More than 267 million preschool-aged children and more than 568 million school-age children live in areas where this parasite is transmitted intensively and requires treatment and prevention. People at risk are preschool children, school-aged children, reproductive age women, and adults in certain high-risk occupations, such as tea pickers or miners. Worm infections often infect elementary schoolchildren because at this time, children have many activities and are often in direct contact with a dirty environment so that it can cause children not to pay attention to personal hygiene.

AIM: This study aimed to determine the association of STH infection with total serum IgE levels and eosinophil counts in elementary school students in Medan.

METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 65 elementary school students at Medan orphanage who met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Examination of STH infection was carried out using Kato-Katz method, and blood tests were performed to assess total serum IgE and blood eosinophils counts. Univariate and bivariate analysis was performed to determine the association of STH infection with total serum IgE levels and eosinophil counts in these students using Pearson correlation test and Chi-square.

RESULTS: Of the 65 elementary school students in the orphanage who were willing to have their routine blood and feces checked, 36 boys (55.3%) and 29 girls (44.6%), 39 children were infected with STH (60%). The most common infections were Ascaris lumbricoides (26.1%), Trichuris trichiura (18.4%), and mixed infections (15.3%) with an average of mild infection intensity. The results of the analysis showed that there was no significant association between STH infection and eosinophils counts (p = 0.582, 95% confidence interval, OR 1.3). In addition, there was also no significant association of STH infection with total serum IgE levels (p = 0.883, 95% confidence interval, OR 63.6).

CONCLUSION: In this study, there was no association between STH infection with eosinophils counts and total serum immunoglobulin E levels in elementary school students in Medan.
Predictors that affect the Quality of Life Patient with Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review
Authors: Masriadi Masriadi , Alam Rizqy Iftitah , Junaidin Junaidin , Firdaus Eza Kemal , Asnaniar Wa Ode Sri , Padhila Nur Ilah , Maryani Lidya , Agus Al Ihksan , Amir Haeril , Hidayat Rahmat , Fitriani Fitriani
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is a disease that has received worldwide attention because its incidence continues to increase so that more research is needed, especially regarding the quality of life of diabetes mellitus patients considering that quality of life is one of the targets of diabetes mellitus management therapy.
AIM: The purpose of the literature review is to review the factors that affect the quality of life of diabetes mellitus patients.
METHOD: Literature reviews are conducted based on issues, methodologies, equations, and further research proposals.
RESULTS: There is an influence of sociodemographic factors and behavioral factors of self-care activities on the quality of life of diabetes mellitus patients.
CONCLUSION: Sociodemographic factors and behavioral factors of self-care activities affect the quality of life of patients with diabetes mellitus.
The complete mitogenome of the potentially invasive flatworm Australopacifica atrata (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae) displays unusual features common to other Rhynchodeminae
Authors: Gastineau Romain , Winsor Leigh , Justine Jean-Lou
Published: July 2022

We sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome of the flatworm Australopacifica atrata. The species, originally described from New South Wales, Australia, has been found in various locations in the British Isles, New Zealand and in the United States of America; it is thus potentially invasive. The genome is 16513 bp long, encodes for 12 protein coding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes and 20 tRNA genes, and is completely colinear with the other two available Rhynchodeminae. In addition, it shares with them some unusual characters discriminating them from members of the other subfamilies of Geoplanidae, the most noticeable being the extra length of its cox2 gene. The data allow a reliable multigene phylogeny to be derived, and also provide a means of accurate biomonitoring of possible invasiveness by A. atrata.
Préfectures et agence régionale de santé : premières réflexions liées à la pandémie de Covid-19
Authors: Dab William
Published: July 2022

Cet article présente une analyse des contraintes de la décision publique relative à l’épidémie de Covid-19 caractérisée par de nombreuses incertitudes sous trois angles : la stratégie, le commandement et la logistique. En particulier, il discute de l’articulation entre les préfectures et les ARS. Cette dualité a soulevé des difficultés de gestion dont il faut tirer les leçons.
Networks of Tissue Knowledge, 1910–1960
Authors: Brauckmann Sabine
Published: July 2022

Depuis son invention vers 1900, la technique de culture tissulaire a contribué à construire un réseau mondial de spécialistes qui ont collaboré les uns avec les autres, se sont rencontré à des congrès, ont établi des sociétés et publié des revues. Ainsi, une méthode expérimentale a permis de faire circuler avec succès la connaissance de l’Europe aux États-Unis et réciproquement. Pour établir cela, cet article se concentre sur des centres expérimentaux aux États-Unis et en Europe, un congrès à Budapest, la création d’un journal et des réunions à Hershey (Pennsylvanie) et à New York. En plus d’esquisser l’histoire des débuts de la culture tissulaire et de son perfectionnement, nous montrons que cette technique convenait particulièrement bien à la mise en place d’un « réseau des tissus » qui s’est en fin de compte unifié pour former une nouvelle discipline, la biologie moléculaire de la cellule. Mes principaux objectifs sont (1) de démontrer comment une technique peut relier des spécialités biomédicales à un réseau bénéfique de circulation de connaissances et favoriser l’interdisciplinarité, et (2) de mettre en évidence la manière dont un outil peut promouvoir de nouvelles disciplines.
L’Agence nationale de la recherche, fer de lance d’une internationalisation néolibérale de la politique scientifique française (2004-2010) ?
Authors: Giry Johan , Schultz Émilien
Published: July 2022

Cet article interroge la croyance partagée suivant laquelle l’installation de l’Agence nationale de la recherche (ANR) en France serait tributaire d’une internationalisation néolibérale de la politique scientifique française. Pour ce faire, il met à l’épreuve deux hypothèses tirées de cette croyance : d’une part, celle d’un préjugé d’extériorité et d’incommensurabilité de cette agence vis-à-vis du champ scientifique et des fins que se donnent légitimement ceux qui y participent ; d’autre part, celle d’une conception et d’un usage de cet instrument aux fins de conformation à un agenda international empreint de pensée libérale. L’enquête ne montre qu’aucune de ces deux inférences ne s’observe. L’institutionnalisation de l’ANR et les tensions qui l’ont émaillée doivent bien plutôt à l’existence de trois motifs distincts de l’autonomie (conservateur, libéral et solidariste) qui s’affrontent au sein même de la profession académique.
An adaptive finite element method for the elastic transmission eigenvalue problem
Authors: Zhang Xuqing , Han Jiayu , Yang Yidu
Published: July 2022

We discuss the a posteriori error estimates of the H\begin{document}$ ^{2} $\end{document}-conforming finite element for the elastic transmission eigenvalue problem, which is of fourth order and non-selfadjoint, with vector-valued eigenfunctions. We first introduce the error indicators for primal eigenfunction, dual eigenfunction and eigenvalue, respectively. Then the reliability and efficiency of the indicators for both eigenfunctions are proved and an adaptive algorithm of residual type is designed. Finally, we implement numerical experiments to validate our theoretical analysis and show the robustness of the algorithm.
Liouville-Green approximation for linearly coupled systems: Asymptotic analysis with applications to reaction-diffusion systems
Authors: Kováč Juraj , Klika Václav
Published: July 2022

Asymptotic analysis has become a common approach in investigations of reaction-diffusion equations and pattern formation, especially when considering generalizations of the original model, such as spatial heterogeneity, where finding an analytic solution even to the linearized equations is generally not possible. The Liouville-Green approximation (also known as WKBJ method), one of the more robust asymptotic approaches for investigating dissipative phenomena captured by linear equations, has recently been applied to the Turing model in a heterogeneous environment. It demonstrated the anticipated modifications to the results obtained in a homogeneous setting, such as localized patterns and local Turing conditions. In this context, we attempt a generalization of the scalar Liouville-Green approximation to multicomponent systems. Our broader mathematical approach results in general approximation theorems for systems of ODEs without turning points. We discuss the cases of exponential and oscillatory behaviour first before treating the general case. Subsequently, we demonstrate the spectral properties utilized in the approximation theorems for a typical Turing system, hence showing that Liouville-Green approximation is plausible for an arbitrary number of coupled species outside of turning points and generally valid for fast growing modes as long as the diffusivities are distinct. Note that our line of approach is via showing that the solution is close (using suitable weight functions for measuring the error) to a linear combination of Airy-like functions.
New oscillation solutions of impulsive conformable partial differential equations
Authors: Bazighifan Omar , Al-moneef Areej A. , Ali Ali Hasan , Raja Thangaraj , Nonlaopon Kamsing , Nofal Taher A.
Published: July 2022

Partial fractional differential equations are fundamental in many physical and biological applications, engineering and medicine, in addition to their importance in the development of several mathematical and computer models. This study's main objective is to identify the necessary conditions for the oscillation of impulsive conformable partial differential equation systems with the Robin boundary condition. The important findings of the study are stated and demonstrated with a robust example at the end of the study.
T-S fuzzy observer-based adaptive tracking control for biological system with stage structure
Authors: Zhang Yi , Song Yue , Yang Song
Published: July 2022

In this paper, the T-S fuzzy observer-based adaptive tracking control of the biological system with stage structure is studied. First, a biological model with stage structure is established, and its stability at the equilibrium points is analyzed. Considering the impact of reducing human activities on the biological population, an adaptive controller is applied to the system. Since it is difficult to measure density directly, a fuzzy state observer is designed, which is used to estimate the density of biological population. At the same time, the density of predators can track the desired density through the adjustment of adaptive controller. The stability of the biological system is guaranteed, and the observer error and tracking error are shown to converge to zero. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive control method is verified by numerical simulation.
La magica romanza della serendipità. Sul campo, l’accidentale e il sapere antropologico
Authors: Benadusi Mara
Published: July 2022

Quella facoltà umana di fare scoperte di valore grazie a eventi inaspettati a cui diamo il nome di serendipità è circondata da un’aura quasi leggendaria che ha contribuito alla popolarità della nozione nelle scienze sociali. È proprio quest’aura che proverò a dissolvere nell’articolo, riflettendo sulle insidie etnografiche che si celano dietro un’incorporazione acritica della scoperta serendipica nella teoria e nella pratica antropologiche. Dopo una ricostruzione sintetica della vita sociale del concetto dalla sua prima apparizione nel Settecento ai giorni nostri, mi concentrerò su tre questioni fondamentali: in primo luogo, descriverò le ragioni principali della fascinazione che suscita la serendipità nei cenacoli accademici; poi, descriverò il suo crescente impiego nelle scienze socio-antropologiche; quindi, analizzerò i rischi di esotismo e romanticismo etnografico che ne derivano. Nelle conclusioni, proporrò un approfondimento sull’utilizzo del concetto nella ricerca sui disastri per mostrare alcuni limiti antropologici impliciti nel “magica romanza della serendipità” in tempi di crisi e catastrofi.
Préface
Authors: Lê François , Paumier Anne-Sandrine
Published: July 2022

Ce volume présente plusieurs études de cas se rapportant à la problématique de « La classification comme pratique scientifique ». Il s’agit de questionner la place de l’activité classificatoire pour différents scientifiques (en majorité, des mathématiciens du xixe siècle), mais aussi et surtout de décrire les différentes pratiques associées à cette activité. Cette problématique a donné lieu à une session thématique du Congrès national de la Société française d’histoire des sciences et des techniques de 2014, et les contributions au présent volume sont les traces de certaines des interventions de la session.
Objets connectés : penser les enjeux des technologies connectées sous l’angle de la médiation infocommunicationnelle
Authors: ARRUABARRENA Béa
Published: July 2022

L’évolution des objets connectés depuis les années 1990 montre qu’ils sont de plus en plus présents dans notre quotidien. Du développement de leurs infrastructures techniques, que l’on appelle l’« Internet des objets », à celles de l’« Internet du tout connecté », les technologies convergent aujourd’hui avec l’intelligence artificielle et les mégadonnées vers un « Internet des comportements » (Internet of Behavior) qui s’interface de plus en plus avec les corps et dont l’enjeu est désormais l’analyse comportementale. L’état de l’art scientifique montre une littérature prolifique sur le sujet et ses différents enjeux, avec la primauté des enjeux sociotechniques issus des sciences informatiques, médicales et marketing qui présentent ces nouveaux objets numériques comme des promesses d’innovations dans un nombre croissant de domaines, dont la santé, le bien-être, les transports, l’habitat (smart building), la ville (smart cities), l’énergie (smart grids), l’écologie ou encore le sport. Les usages des objets connectés restent pourtant controversés. Un ensemble de contributions issues des sciences humaines et sociales soulève des enjeux sociopolitiques et anthropologiques quant à la mise en données du monde et à ses impacts sur les relations sociales. En outre, des enjeux juridiques sont encore largement sous-estimés et encore moins évalués, tout comme ceux concernant les mutations anthropologiques introduites par ces nouveaux objets, qui viennent modifier en profondeur des actes de la vie courante grâce à une immersion en continu fondée sur les données et l’automatisation.
Usages et enjeux de la géolocalisation dans le contexte de la surveillance parentale
Authors: BRUNA Yann
Published: July 2022

L’engouement réel et quantifiable pour des applications de suivi à distance démontre que la surveillance parentale se trouve profondément affectée par l’essor des outils et plateformes numériques. Parmi les nouvelles modalités de surveillance à disposition de l’autorité parentale depuis près d’une décennie, la collecte de la position géographique des enfants est sans doute une des plus débattues. En s’appuyant sur une méthodologie qualitative, cet article vise à apporter une contribution empirique sur les conséquences sociales qui découlent de l’utilisation de la géolocalisation des jeunes au sein du cercle familial. Il montre en particulier que le dispositif sociotechnique joue un rôle dans la mise à l’épreuve de la relation de confiance entre des parents à la recherche de sécurité et des jeunes dont la parole s’efface derrière un traçage spatial considéré comme révélateur de vérité.
EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL E APOSTILAMENTO:
Authors: Mesomo Lira Aliandra Cristina , Kanarck Glória Maria
Published: July 2022

Parte do reconhecimento da Educação Infantil como importante tempo-espaço de aprendizagens e descobertas e objetiva analisar e problematizar as atividades presentes em apostilas, considerando se favorecem as interações e brincadeiras. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de caráter bibliográfico e documental, cuja análise da legislação e dos documentos orientadores estabelece uma primeira aproximação ao tema da Educação Infantil, suas finalidades, objetivos e possiblidades, os quais orientam o olhar para apostilas usadas por um grupo de crianças de 4 anos de idade de uma instituição privada no ano de 2019. A análise revelou pouco enfoque nas brincadeiras e prevalência de atividades voltadas para o ensino de letras e números, com enunciados longos os quais dependem do adulto para serem interpretados pelas crianças. Depreende-se que o material encaminha práticas pedagógicas que antecipam a escolarização, as quais desconsideram a participação efetiva das crianças.
Physical Activity and the Link Among Stress, Burnout, and Well-Being in Athletic Trainers
Authors: Pacewicz Christine E. , Rowley Taylor W. , Savage Jennifer L.
Published: July 2022

Context

Stress is a leading cause of burnout in working professionals, including athletic trainers (ATs). One consequence of burnout for ATs is lower perceptions of well-being, which have implications for mental and physical health. Physical activity is known to help reduce stress. Thus, activity may help reduce stress and burnout in ATs while enhancing well-being.

Objective

To examine a theoretically based mediating model whereby leisure time physical activity was linked to subjective well-being by way of ATs’ perceived stress and burnout.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Online survey during the fall sports season.

Patients or Other Participants

Practicing certified ATs (N = 163; mean age = 30.5 ± 6.7 years).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Via a secure link, participants completed a survey that measured leisure time planned physical activity, work-related stress, burnout, and perceived life satisfaction. Latent variable analysis was used to examine the hypothesized mediating model.

Results

Minutes spent in moderate or vigorous activity were not associated with stress. Minutes spent walking were negatively associated with perceived stress (β = −0.18, P < .001). Stress was positively associated with exhaustion (β = 0.89, P < .001), negatively associated with personal accomplishment (β = −0.70, P < .001), and positively associated with depersonalization (β = 0.71, P < .001). Exhaustion was negatively associated (β = −0.57, P < .001) and personal accomplishment was positively associated (β = 0.31, P = .013) with well-being. Minutes spent walking were positively linked to well-being via stress and exhaustion. The negative relationship between stress and well-being was mediated by exhaustion and personal accomplishment.

Conclusions

Leisure time walking was indirectly and positively linked to well-being. Walking could be a strategy to reduce stress and burnout in ATs and thereby improve well-being.
Experiences of Current National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Collegiate Student-Athletes With Mental Health Resources
Authors: Young Reann D. , Neil Elizabeth R. , Eberman Lindsey E. , Armstrong Tara A. , Winkelmann Zachary K.
Published: July 2022

Context

Collegiate student-athletes (SAs) experience psychological stressors due to rigid schedules, team conflict, and injury. These factors can result in symptoms of mental health conditions, decreased daily functioning, and suicidality.

Objective

To explore National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I SAs’ experiences with mental health and access to and experiences with mental health resources at their university.

Design

Consensual qualitative research study.

Setting

One-on-one interviews.

Patients or Other Participants

Twenty-three Division I SAs (18 women, 5 men; mean age = 20 ± 2 years).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Participants completed a semistructured interview that focused on their experiences with mental health. The interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim via Zoom. Credibility and trustworthiness were established via member checking, triangulation, and peer discussion among a 3-person coding team.

Results

Two domains, increased expectations and resources and management, were identified. The participants shared how they balanced life as a college student, academic stressors, performance expectations, and a sport-first mindset they perceived from coaches and support staff. They discussed their experience with the internal support network of coaches, the athletic department, and sport psychology. Participants remarked on their external support network, which included their family, friends, and psychological services. The resources available at their institutions and their accessibility were perceived both positively and negatively. Some collegiate SAs described resources as helpful, whereas others portrayed a lack of timeliness for appointments, lack of advertisement, incomprehension by counselors of athlete demands, and no sport-specific counseling as barriers.

Conclusions

Collegiate SAs expressed mental health concerns due to stress and the demands of sport participation. Self-regulated coping strategies and support networks continue to be powerful and helpful resources for mental health, with or without a diagnosed condition. Barriers to mental health service use were a lack of sport specificity and lack of access. Institutions need to focus on creating athlete-centered mental health resources with annual advertisements to increase use.
Demographic Factors and Instantaneous Lower Extremity Injury Occurrence in a National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Population
Authors: Kelley Elisabeth A. , Hogg Jennifer A. , Gao Lani , Waxman Justin P. , Shultz Sandra J.
Published: July 2022

Context

Temporal prediction of the lower extremity (LE) injury risk will benefit clinicians by allowing them to better leverage limited resources and target those athletes most at risk.

Objective

To characterize the instantaneous risk of LE injury by demographic factors of sex, sport, body mass index (BMI), and injury history.

Design

Descriptive epidemiologic study.

Setting

National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I athletic program.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 278 National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I varsity student-athletes (119 males, 159 females; age = 19.07 ± 1.21 years, height = 175.48 ± 11.06 cm, mass = 72.24 ± 12.87 kg).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Injuries to the LE were tracked for 237 ± 235 consecutive days. Sex-stratified univariate Cox regression models were used to investigate the association between time to first LE injury and sport, BMI, and LE injury history. The instantaneous LE injury risk was defined as the injury risk at any given point in time after the baseline measurement. Relative risk ratios and Kaplan-Meier curves were generated. Variables identified in the univariate analysis were included in a multivariate Cox regression model.

Results

Female athletes displayed similar instantaneous LE injury risk to male athletes (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.29; 95% CI= 0.91, 1.83; P = .16). Overweight athletes (BMI >25 kg/m2) had similar instantaneous LE injury risk compared with athletes with a BMI of <25 kg/m2 (HR = 1.23; 95% CI = 0.84, 1.82; P = .29). Athletes with previous LE injuries were not more likely to sustain subsequent LE injury than athletes with no previous injury (HR = 1.09; 95% CI = 0.76, 1.54; P = .64). Basketball (HR = 3.12; 95% CI = 1.51, 6.44; P = .002) and soccer (HR = 2.78; 95% CI = 1.46, 5.31; P = .002) athletes had a higher risk of LE injury than cross-country athletes. In the multivariate model, instantaneous LE injury risk was greater in female than in male athletes (HR = 1.55; 95% CI = 1.00, 2.39; P = .05), and it was greater in male athletes with a BMI of >25 kg/m2 than that in all other athletes (HR = 0.44; 95% CI = 0.19, 1.00; P = .05), but these findings were not significantly different.

Conclusions

In a collegiate athlete population, previous LE injury was not a contributor to the risk of future LE injury, whereas being female or being male with a BMI of >25 kg/m2 resulted in an increased risk of LE injury. Clinicians can use these data to extrapolate the LE injury risk occurrence to specific populations.
Is Menstruation a Valid Reason to Postpone Cardiac Surgery?
Authors: Das Devishree , Hasija Suruchi , Chauhan Sandeep , Devagourou Velayoudam , Sharma Aparna K , Khan Maroof Ahmad
Published: July 2022

Background:

Cancellation of any scheduled surgery is a significant drain on health resources and potentially stressful for patients. It is frequent in menstruating women who are scheduled to undergo open heart surgery (OHS), based on the widespread belief that it increases surgical and menstrual blood loss.

Aims:

The aim of this study was to evaluate blood loss in women undergoing OHS during menstruation.

Settings and Design:

A prospective, matched case-control study which included sixty women of reproductive age group undergoing OHS.

Patients and Methods:

The surgical blood loss was compared between women who were menstruating (group-M; n = 25) and their matched controls, i.e., women who were not menstruating (group-NM; n = 25) at the time of OHS. Of the women in group M, the menstrual blood loss during preoperative (subgroup-P) and perioperative period (subgroup-PO) was compared to determine the effect of OHS on menstrual blood loss.

Results:

The surgical blood loss was comparable among women in both groups irrespective of ongoing menstruation (gr-M = 245.6 ± 120.1 ml vs gr-NM = 243.6 ± 129.9 ml, P value = 0.83). The menstrual blood loss was comparable between preoperative and perioperative period in terms of total menstrual blood loss (gr-P = 36.8 ± 4.8 ml vs gr-PO = 37.7 ± 5.0 ml, P value = 0.08) and duration of menstruation (gr-P = 4.2 ± 0.6 days vs gr-PO = 4.4 ± 0.6 days, P value = 0.10).

Conclusion:

Neither the surgical blood loss nor the menstrual blood loss is increased in women undergoing OHS during menstruation.
The Role of Transesophageal Echocardiography in Evaluation and Management of Hypoxia Following Lung Transplantation
Authors: Hemamalini P , Paramasivan Shanmugaperumal , Dutta Prabhat , Attawar Sandeep
Published: July 2022

Pulmonary vein thrombosis (PVT) is a potentially fatal complication following lung transplantation (LT). The clinical presentation of PVT is nonspecific and mimics other common postoperative complications such as reperfusion injury, infection, and rejection. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) plays a pivotal role in detecting abnormalities of the pulmonary venous anastomosis in the perioperative period. Echocardiographic findings that warrant concern include a visible thrombus in pulmonary vein, pulmonary vein diameter <5 mm, turbulence on color Doppler, and peak systolic velocity >100 cm/s. Transplant centers should strongly consider TEE in individual patients with unexplained graft failure.
Outcomes Following the Use of Angiotensin II in Patients with Postoperative Vasoplegic Syndrome
Authors: Konkol Samuel B. , Morrisette Matthew J. , Hulse Matthew C. , Enfield Kyle B. , Mihalek Andrew D.
Published: July 2022

Catecholamine-resistant postoperative vasoplegic syndrome (PVS) lacks effective treatment modalities. Synthetic angiotensin II was recently approved for the treatment of vasodilatory shock; however, its use in PVS is not well described. We report outcomes in six patients receiving angiotensin II for the treatment of isolated PVS. All patients achieved their MAP goal and the majority showed improvement in lactate and background catecholamine dose; however, variables of perfusion changed discordantly. Three of six patients survived to hospital discharge.
Primary Esophageal Tuberculosis
Authors: Yewale Rohan Vijay , Ramakrishna Banumathi , Damodaran Karthikeyan , Ramakrishna Balakrishnan S.
Published: July 2022

Developing countries such as India, harbor almost a quarter of global tuberculosis (TB) burden. Esophageal involvement in TB, itself is a rare entity with primary esophageal TB reported only as isolated case reports. We report a case of an immunocompetent young adult who presented with dysphagia as the solitary symptom. Upper GI endoscopy and barium swallow showed a midthoracic esophageal stricture. He was subsequently diagnosed with “primary” esophageal TB based on histological examination of endoscopic biopsy showing features consistent with TB and demonstration of normal adjacent pulmonary parenchyma and lymph nodes on a computed tomography scan of the thorax. He showed marked symptomatic improvement with temporary esophageal dilation and stenting which helped in the effective administration of antituberculous therapy as well as attaining nutritional recovery. Our case report emphasizes on this rare scenario of “primary” involvement of esophagus in an otherwise common disease such as TB and its management strategy.
Concept Mapping
Authors: Koshy Betty , Fernandes Aarohi
Published: July 2022

Concept mapping (CM) is an innovative educational strategy that promotes meaningful learning. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme regarding the use of CM as a learning strategy on knowledge, psychiatric care plan presentation and satisfaction among B.Sc nursing 3rd-year students of selected nursing colleges in Raipur, Chhattisgarh. A pre-experimental (one group pre-test and post-test), evaluative research approach was used to achieve the objectives of the study on 60 B.Sc nursing 3rd-year students using a purposive sampling method. The findings revealed that 60 (100%) of them improved on the pre-test scores in terms of their conceptual understanding in the post-test with a mean score of 8.9 (standard deviation [SD] = 1.2) with 't' = 35.15 which is highly significant at 0.00001 level. The assessment of satisfaction regarding CM revealed that 60 (100%) students were highly satisfied with CM as a learning strategy with a mean score of 54.4 (SD = 3.6) and 't' = 27.68 which is highly significant at the 0.00001 level. The coefficient of correlation between post-test knowledge and satisfaction scores was found to be r = −0.01 at P > 0.05 (P = 0.93). The coefficient of correlation between post-test psychiatric care plan and satisfaction scores was found to be 0.4 at P < 0.05 (P = 0.001).
Menopausal Symptoms and Coping Strategies among Menopausal Women in Selected Hospital at Mangaluru
Authors: Sophia C Mary , Marngar Josephine , Mol Soorya , D'Souza Violet , Frank Reena Wilma
Published: July 2022

Menopause is one of the most significant events in a woman's life and brings several physiological changes that permanently affect women's lives. In India, menopause is considered a normal phenomenon. Women themselves may not seek medical help for their problems associated with ageing. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine middle-aged women's commonly reported menopausal symptoms and coping strategies. A descriptive survey design was used, and 100 menopausal women aged 45–60 years were selected and interviewed to assess the menopausal symptoms and coping strategies followed to overcome the same. The results showed that 63% of the subjects had moderate symptoms and 30% had severe menopausal symptoms; these were assessed through the menopausal rating scale. The coping strategies show that 54% of women use a cooler environment to face the hot flash and sweating, 55% of women sit in a comfortable place to relieve their heart discomfort, 47% of women have milk in the night to manage the sleeping problems, 60% women use hot water to relieve Joint and muscular discomfort. Hence, there is a need for improvement of menopausal health status and application of various coping methods, including the establishment of social networks, is warranted to enhance menopausal women's behaviours in different aspects.
Effectiveness of Salbutamol Administered through a Metered-Dose Inhaler with Nebuliser amongst Children for Acute Asthma Treatment
Authors: Edwin Deena , Varkki Sneha Deena , Violet Bobby , Reddy Hari Prathap , Ravindran Vinitha , Nayak Ruma
Published: July 2022

Administration of salbutamol by metered-dose inhaler (MDI) with spacer is as effective as nebuliser in terms of clinical response and patient outcome. In addition, fewer side effects and lesser hospital admission rates are recorded with this method. Changing the practice of using nebuliser to MDI with spacer as the preferred mode of treatment for mild-to-moderate asthma has been studied. In this study, 68 children between the age groups of 5 and 18 years with mild-to-moderate severity of asthma admitted in the paediatric emergency service and the child health outpatient department were studied to compare the effect of salbutamol delivered via MDI with salbutamol through nebuliser for acute asthma treatment. In this study, 70 children with asthma were randomly allocated to the MDI and nebuliser groups. The standardised Modified Pulmonary Index Score was assessed by the clinical assessor before and 10 min after the intervention. The findings revealed that the clinical outcome was highly significant in both the groups. However, the feasibility of using MDI with spacer in comparison to nebuliser was found to be highly significant in relation to the effectiveness, utilisation of hospital resources (treatment preparation, delivery time and cost) and acceptability to patients. Results of the study carried out in the paediatric population indicate that MDI with spacer is as effective as nebuliser in the treatment of children with mild and moderate acute asthma exacerbations in the hospital setting. However, MDI with spacer has more additional benefits such as fewer side effects, less time consumed to administer the treatment, cost-effective, portable and easier to use than nebulisers.
Computed tomography in secondary spontaneous pneumothorax
Authors: Singh Shankhneel , Bhalla Ashu S. , Naranje Priyanka , Mohan Anant
Published: July 2022

Objectives:

To identify specific characteristics, distribution and associated findings of lesions causing secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP)

Methods:

Computed tomography (CT) chest of 37 patients (between October 2011 and January 2020) was evaluated by two radiologists. They were classified into ‘Infectious’ and ‘Non-infectious’ groups, based on cause of pneumothorax. A scoring system (score 0–10) was proposed based on parameters which were statistically significant

Results:

Out of 37 patients with pneumothorax, 18 could be attributed to infectious aetiology and remaining 19 were due to noninfectious causes. The most common infectious cause of spontaneous pneumothorax was tuberculosis and noninfectious cause was chronic obstructive airway disease (COAD). Statistically significant difference was found for lesion wall thickness and presence of solid component between these two groups. No significant difference was found between both groups when comparing age, gender, lesion size and lesion distribution. The presence of pleural thickening, consolidation and mediastinal lymphadenopathy were statistically significant. Pleural effusion was never present in the noninfectious group. The area under receiver operating characteristic for differentiating patients in the two groups was 0.931 (standard error, 0.038; 95% CI, 0.856–1.000), and optimal threshold score for identifying patients with infectious causes was 4.5, with 77.8% sensitivity and 89.5% specificity

Conclusion:

Pneumothorax is almost equally common due to infectious and noninfectious causes. The most common infectious cause of spontaneous pneumothorax was tuberculosis and noninfectious cause was COAD. Based on certain CT findings, we have proposed a scoring system to differentiate between these two groups.
Diaphragmatic rupture in case of COVID-19 pneumonia- A rare presentation
Authors: Chawla Aditya , Chaudhary Gaurav , Sachdeva Primal , Chawla Madhav K. , Chawla Rakesh K.
Published: July 2022

We describe the case of a male patient admitted to our emergency department during the COVID-19 pandemic with complaints of fever, severe breathlessness and dry cough associated with symptoms of gastric reflux for 5 days. Chest HRCT showed subtle multiple areas of diffuse patchy opacities with ground-glass haze with associated left subdiaphragmatic hernia and atelectasis of the left pulmonary lobe. Barium meal revealed subdiaphragmatic hernia. A nasopharyngeal swab for 2019-nCoV was positive. A diagnosis of diaphragmatic hernia in COVID-19 pneumonia was made. To our knowledge, spontaneous herniation of the diaphragm is a rare entity. Treatment for COVID-19 and empiric antibiotic therapy were promptly started and a decision of elective surgery was made.
A brief report on the mutational landscape in non-small cell lung cancer of South Asian patients
Authors: Roy Mohana , Bal Amanjit , Gupta Nalini , Prasad Kuruswamy T. , Wakelee Heather A. , Singh Navneet
Published: July 2022

Background:

Various molecular underpinnings of lung cancer have been noted in Asian populations, especially with targetable oncogenic drivers such as EGFR mutations and ALK rearrangements, although they have been lesser described in South Asian/Indian patients

Methods:

Tumour molecular testing results from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with a name of South Asian origin and diagnosed from 2005 to 2019 at the Stanford Cancer Center in the United States were retrospectively reviewed and compared to the results of molecular testing from PGIMER in Chandigarh, India, from the patients diagnosed from 2011 to 2019

Results:

We identified 72 patients of South Asian (largely Indian) origin, of whom 64 patients (51% female) had mutational testing at Stanford. Of the tested patients, 33% of cases harboured either an EGFR exon 19 deletion or exon 21 L858R mutation, and 12.5% had ALK rearrangements. At PGIMER, a larger sample of 1,264 patients was identified (33% female), with 22.5% of patients having two main EGFR activating mutations, and 9.5% harbouring an ALK rearrangement

Conclusions:

South Asian, largely Indian, patients with NSCLC appear to have a higher chance of harbouring EGFR mutations and ALK translocation as compared to Caucasians. The percentage of South Asian patients with these molecular abnormalities was largely similar in two different geographical locations. These findings corroborate prior single-institution findings and emphasise the importance of molecular testing.