bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quality of Life (QoL) and Its Associated Factors Among Caregivers of Patients with Schizophrenia
Authors: Baite Tinneithem , Nagarajan Padmavathi , Purkayastha Mukherjee Moushumi
Published: April 2024

Background: Schizophrenia is a chronic, severely disabling psychiatric illness involving a complex set of disturbances in thinking, perception, affect and social behavior resulting in physical, psychological and social problems related to the disease and the side effects of medication which put immense amount of physical, emotional and financial distress on the family members of patients leading to poor quality of life.
Aim and Objectives: To assess the quality of life (QoL) among caregivers of patients with schizophrenia.
Methodology: A quantitative cross sectional research design was used. 246 caregivers were selected by using purposive sampling technique. Standardized self-administered questionnaire by WHO QoL BREF scale and Multidimensional scale of perceived social support (MSPSS) were used to assess the QoL and perceived social support of the caregivers respectively.
Results: The study result shows that out of 246 caregivers, mean value in physical (50.84+11.36), psychological (55.47+15.12), social (57.74+19.00) and environmental (52.25+14.86) domain. There was a significant association between the QoL domains and caregiver’s age, education and relationship with patient. A significant positive correlation was found between WHO QoL BREF scale and MSPSS (<0.05).
Conclusion: The caregivers had good QoL in social, psychological and environmental domains and poor QoL in physical domain. The mean QoL in this study was lower than that found in studies from India (Cuttack) and Malaysia. This difference can be attributed to overburdened caregiving task, cultural differences, caregiver’s perception of their own wellbeing, expectation for the government to assume responsibility to reduce society’s mental health burden.

Key words: Schizophrenia, caregiver, WHO QoL BREF scale, MSPSS
Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Pain Amongst Sweepers of Pune Region
Authors: Nilesh Walchale Vedanti , Khilwani Amruta , Jerome Albin
Published: April 2024

Musculoskeletal pain related to work has been a major public health concern in recent years. Work related MSK pain is a common issue that affect many individuals and has been increasing day by day. Sweepers have an important role in our society as they keep our surroundings clean. In india very few studies had been carried out to assess prevalence of MSK pain amongst sweepers. Therefore, to identify the prevalence of MSK pain amongst sweepers, the present research has been undertaken. For this purpose, observational study was carried out on 187 sweepers including both female and male from hospitals, roads and footpaths of Pune region. Modified Nordic Musculoskeletal Pain Questionnaire was used to collect the MSK pain related information. The results showed that MSK pain amongst sweepers was high with majority of female sweepers complaining of body pain mostly in low back and shoulder region. It was observed that out of 187 participants, 166 (88.8%) samples found to have Musculoskeletal Pain in different body regions and 21 (11.2%) were not experiencing Musculoskeletal Pain. The high prevalence of MSK pain amongst sweepers was in lower back 50.27% and shoulder region 27.27% followed by 19.25% in ankles/feet, 12.30% in knees, 12% in neck, 10.70% in wrists/hands, 8.02% in upper back, 5.35% in elbows, 4.81% in hips/thighs. Results drawn from statistical inferences showed that there is significant relationship between MSK pain and years of work experiences in sweeping job. Thus it can be concluded that since sweepers experienced MSK pain, to address this some major and important guidelines, targeted interventions to improve the design of working tools including patient education and ergonomics has to be implemented to minimize their problems.

Key words: Musculoskeletal pain, Prevalence of musculoskeletal pain, pain, sweepers, repetitive movement.
Effectiveness of Siddha Medicine in Treating Venpadai (Vitiligo) - A Case Report
Authors: Neethi Jaganathan Samooga , Govindarasu Barathi Kannamma , Perumal Vijay Kumar
Published: April 2024

Venpadai is a synonym for vitiligo in Siddha system of medicine. Vitiligo is an autoimmune, noncontagious pigmentary disorder with complex causes. Though many techniques are available to treat vitiligo, they have their own pros and cons; substantially it is painful, highly expensive and may create adverse reactions. Considering these limitations of the contemporary medicine system, Siddha ethno medicinal preparation Karbogi Aavaarai Bhavana Choornam (KABC) and Karbogi Thylam (KT) has been used in treating Vitiligo. A 12 years old female child sought Siddha treatment after the hypopigmentary lesions on her chest and both sides of cheeks did not respond well to the conventional medicine after 8 months of treatment. The Siddha treatment comprised of Agathiyar kuzhambu for purgation, KABC internally and KT externally was prescribed. This gave us a good result in treating the hypo pigmented patches. Withal, a detailed study of the same with larger sample sizes will help to formulate a treatment protocol for the corresponding cases.

Key words: Venpadai, Vitiligo, Hypo pigmented patches, Karbogi, Psoralea cordifolia, Karbogi Aavaarai Bhavana Choornam, Karbogi Thylam, Agathiyar kuzhambu
Disturbances on Riparian Vegetation:
A Comprehensive Review
Authors: S. Mohan Nivedi , Joseph Sabu
Published: April 2024

Riparian vegetation is considered an integration of all plant communities along the riparian zone. It provides a wide variety of ecosystem services including provisioning, regulating, supporting, and cultural services. Disturbances are discrete events that can disrupt the ecosystem. Based on the intensity, frequency, and duration of disturbances, it can affect riparian vegetation in various ways. Disturbances can be natural or anthropogenic in origin. Major natural disturbances that can influence riparian vegetation include flooding, landslides, wildfire, windthrow, plant diseases, and insect outbreaks. While anthropogenic disturbances are grazing, dams, deforestation, mining, agricultural, recreational, and developmental activities. Usually, natural disturbances play a crucial role in the maintenance of ecosystem structure and processes especially events like floods and landslides. Anthropogenic disturbances affect the composition, diversity and function of riparian vegetation. Soil characteristics of riparian systems are altered by anthropogenic perturbation. Population growth enhances the influences of anthropogenic disturbance on riparian plants. Infrastructure, dams, and agricultural activities have been increasing to meet the demand of inhabitants in that area. This paper reviews various aspects of natural and anthropogenic disturbances on riparian vegetation.

Keywords: riparian vegetation, ecosystem services, disturbances, natural disturbances, anthropogenic disturbances
The Accuracy of Monocyte Lymphocyte Ratio as a Predictor of Mortality in Patients Undergoing Regular Haemodialysis at H Adam Malik General Hospital Medan
Authors: Rahman Muis Aziz , Nasution Alwi Thamrin , G. Nasution M. Feldi
Published: April 2024

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) has become a world health problem with high morbidity and mortality rate. In CKD, chronic inflammation occurs, one of the causes including factors related to dialysis. Monocyte Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR) is a new haematology marker associated with tumour, inflammatory disease, and cardiovascular disease. MLR is also a predictor of infection complication in haemodialysis patients. The aim of this study is to assess the accuracy of MLR as a predictor of mortality in regular haemodialysis patients at H. Adam Malik General Hospital Medan
Method: This study is an analytic retrospective cohort study of CKD patients who undergoes regular haemodialysis, conducted in July-December 2023 at H. Adam Malik General Hospital Medan. Data were analysed using the SPSS program. Bivariate analysis was conducted to assess the correlation between the two variables. Then, ROC analysis was performed to assess the MLR as a mortality predictor.
Result: Total subject in this study was 60 regular haemodialysis patients with the majority of the subjects being male (88,3%), the mean age was 49,77± 13,09 years old and the mortality in this study was 16,7%. The median MLR value in this study was 0,345 (0,11-1,65). This study showed a significant relationship between MLR and mortality (p=0,003). MLR showed moderate performance to predict 30-days mortality in regular haemodialysis patients (AUC=74,4%).
Conclusion: MLR has moderate accuracy in predicting 30-day mortality in regular haemodialysis CKD patients.

Keywords: Monocyte Lymphocyte Ratio; MLR; Chronic Kidney Disease; CKD; Mortality.
A Review on Sustainable Construction
Authors: Kumar Mamilla Vijaya
Published: April 2024

Building construction and operation have been associated with many environmental issues, such as contamination of the surrounding area and overuse of world resources. The world's environmental degradation issues have compelled society to reconsider its methods of development and expand the notion of sustainable development. Green building has an important impact on building design, so it should be emphasized. Growing environmental concerns have given green and sustainable buildings a lot of attention in recent years. Developed and developing nations each have their own evaluation criteria and procedures for certifying green or sustainable architecture. Green technologies encompass a broad spectrum of technological innovations aimed at reducing the adverse impacts of human activities on the environment and fostering sustainable development strategies. The purpose of this paper is to cover the significance of sustainable construction, the materials used to construct sustainable buildings, building assessment methods, the role that green technologies play in sustainable development, and the difficulties associated with applying sustainable construction techniques.

Keywords: Environmental degradation, sustainable construction practices, Green buildings, Green technologies, and Sustainable Development Goals.
Critically Discussing the Biological and Social Aspects in the Treatment of Substance use Disorder
Authors: Vichou Maria Danai , Christopoulos Ioannis , Pilafas Georgios
Published: April 2024

It is estimated that approximately 35 million people suffer from substance use disorders (SUDs). SUDs are complex and chronic conditions that involve the continued use of a substance despite its harmful consequences. Various factors, such as genetics, biology, and social influences, play a significant role in the development of the disorder. Comprehending the biological mechanisms of substance use and the social factors and early life experiences that shape the development of SUD is crucial for designing effective treatment approaches. This can include medications that directly target the mechanisms of action of substances, like in the case of nicotine, or medications that indirectly address the adverse effects of substance withdrawal, like in the case of cocaine. Effective non-pharmaceutical interventions, like cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and contingency management (CM), are available for individuals with SUD. Research has shown that the combination of medication and non-pharmaceutical approaches offer the most effective and long-lasting effects, especially when combined with a supportive environment.

Keywords: Substance Use Disorder, Biopsychology, Social Psychology, Treatment
Manajemen Pembentukan Karakter Santri Di Pondok Pesantren Wanita Babakan Fauzan Kecamatan Sukaresmi Kabupaten Garut
Authors: Mardiah Rd. Kilma Kalimatul , Salamah Ummu , Susilawati Wati
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui terdapat GAP analisis antara manajemen pembentukan karakter saat ini dengan standar pemerintah dan untuk mengetahui strategi manajemen yang bisa diterapkan untuk menutupi kelemahan dan menonjolkan kelebihan model pengelolaan. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan menggunakan analisis POAE dan SWOT. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Perencanaan yang dilakukan oleh pesantren dan pemerintah memiliki tujuan yang sama, pengorganisasian yang dilakukan oleh pesantren dan yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah juga sudah sesuai, pada tahap actuating yang dilakukan pesantren dan yang diharapkan pemerintah juga sudah sesuai. Begitupun pada tahap evaluasi juga sudah sesuai. Namun, terdapat Gap yang terjadi antara manajemen saat ini dengan pemerintah, Nilai-nilai PPRA yang ditentukan oleh pemerintah belum sepenuhnya tertuang pada santri di pondok pesantren. Terdapat karakter yang belum terbentuk di kalangan santri, yakni karakter dinamis dan inovatif. Kemudian strategi yang harus dilakukan oleh pondok pesantren wanita babakan fauzan adalah Meningkatkan komitmen/loyalitas pengajar dengan menjamin kesejahteraannya, Meningkatkan motivasi siswa dalam belajar melalui pemberian penghargaan bagi siswa berprestasi dan mengadakan kompetisi antar kelas/antar pesantren, dll., Meningkatkan mutu sekolah dengan mengupayakan pemenuhan nilai-nilai PPRA, Memperketat tingkat kedisiplinan siswa dengan memberikan punishment bagi siswa yang melanggar aturan pesantren, agar siswa merasa jera.
Bioanalytical Method Development and Validation of UV Spectrophotometric Method for Estimation of Sitagliptin in Urine sample
Authors: Shinde G S , Jadhav R S , Tambe V B , Kote R B , Argade V P
Published: April 2024

Purpose - To develop a simple, sensitive, accurate, precise and rapid UV spectrophotometric method for the determination of metformin in human urine. Methods - Extraction of metformin from urine samples was done by Dilute and shoot method in which urine was diluted upto 1:10 ratio to avoid interference of matrix. For estimation of Sitagliptin the solvent system employed was water. The sitagliptin was scanned in range of 200nm to 400nm and wavelength of detection (λdet) was found to be 234nm. Result - The calibration curve was linear in the range of 1-17μg/ml. The recovery and assay studies of sitagliptin were within 93-94.85% indicating that the proposed method can be estimation of sitagliptin
Seasonal Phytoplankton population dynamics in Taj Baj Pond, Hajipur
Authors: Kumar Dileep , Prasad Singh Braj Bhushan
Published: April 2024

The hydro-biological factors are important to constitute trophic composition in any freshwater ecosystem. The Taj Baj pond at Hajipur is a polluted pond and thus nutrients are also enriched that affecting diverse phytoplankton density that showed both temporal and spatial variation during the study period.
Analysis of Slope Stability and Landslide by using PLAXIS 2D
Authors: M. Pawar Hiralal , R. Joshi Swapnil
Published: April 2024

Analysis of slopes for stability and safety is a measure area of concern in civil engineering. This is the reasons that do many analysis techniques have been developed so far. Traditional ways of slopes stability analysis involved determination of factor of safety for a slope to take safety precautions against any instability. Various researchers worked to develop a new method in which probability of failure or reliability of slope is calculated. Thus, basically to different approaches of slope stability analysis are available with us deterministic approach and probabilistic (or reliability) approach. In this paper past trends in slope stability analysis are discussed with evaluation of each method. A brief review of available methods has also been presented here along with the advantages and limitations of their use. Slope stability analysis can be performed using deterministic or probabilistic input parameter the finite element program PLAXIS 2D was used for evaluating the stability of natural slope. Plaxis2D can model heterogeneous soil type, complex stratigraphic and slip surface geometry, and variable pore water pressure condition using a large selection of soil models.
A Review: The Potential Role of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) against Tuberculosis: Multi Drug-Resistance
Authors: M. Barbole Kranti. , Y. Sabale Bhakti. , S. Pawar Gayatri.
Published: April 2024

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is responsible for tuberculosis, has become resistant to a majority of the existing antimicrobial treatments. As a result, effectively treating all tuberculosis patients has become challenging, and it's anticipated that cases of drug-resistant M. tuberculosis causing tuberculosis will rise globally. This emphasizes the pressing need for prompt detection and the creation of novel antimicrobial options to fight M. tuberculosis. When some germs become resistant to many medicines, it's hard to cure the infections they cause. It's important to look into different options for fighting TB. That's why studying natural plants, like garlic (Allium sativum), to learn about their safety and ability to fight microbes, including its various biological properties such as anti-tumour, anti-hyperlipidemic, and antimicrobial effects, is necessary. Allium sativum holds promise for creating new treatment options. Involving traditional healers in TB healthcare could aid in delivering garlic extracts to patients. Tuberculosis is a significant global cause of death, particularly when combined with AIDS. This contagious pulmonary disease spreads readily, especially in overcrowded and impoverished conditions. Garlic is a strong way to fight against infections from lots of different germs like bacteria, fungi and viruses. Using garlic to combat MDR-TB could have significant implications for public health.
Exploring the Dynamics of Japanese Research Culture: A Case Study on Postgraduate Studies
Authors: Khairul Zahreen Mohd Arof
Published: April 2024

The research culture in Japan shapes the country's academic landscape and scientific output quality. This study examines the unique characteristics and challenges of Japanese research culture among postgraduate studies by exploring research practices, institutional frameworks, mentor-student relationships, collaboration patterns, publication norms, and funding mechanisms. The findings contribute to existing knowledge, inform policymakers and educators, and emphasize the importance of understanding Japanese research culture for fostering collaboration, interdisciplinary research, and international engagement. The case study approach, with interviews from subject matter experts, provides in-depth insights and acknowledges limitations while adhering to ethical guidelines. The research highlights the prioritization of precision and fundamental research, supported by institutional frameworks, collaborative environments, and publication norms that value timely dissemination of research outcomes. These insights offer a comprehensive understanding of Japanese research culture and serve as a foundation for future initiatives aimed at enhancing research practices both in Japan and globally.
Key Features and Techniques of Unsupervised Learning
Authors: Gurpreet Singh
Published: April 2024

Machine learning (ML) has emerged as a transformative technology with profound implications for industrial operations across diverse sectors. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the applications and challenges, of machine learning in industrial settings. The paper begins by outlining the foundational concepts of machine learning and its relevance to industrial processes. It explores various ML techniques, including supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning, and discusses their applicability in optimizing production, enhancing quality control, and predicting equipment failures.
DOI:https://doi.org/10.52783/tjjpt.v45.i02.5825
Renewable Hydrogen Supply Scenarios for Inland Waterway Transport in Europe
Authors: Frank Elimar , Stauss Luca
Published: April 2024

The European inland waterway transport needs to substitute 6.2 TWh of fossil diesel by renewable energy carriers. For hydrogen retrofit solutions investigated in the European project “Synergetics”, different Well-to-Tank pathways have been analysed to supply renewable hydrogen to Rotterdam, including buffer storage and fuelling to vessels. This paper compares two dominant scenarios with regards to GHG emissions and costs. One scenario is based on PV electricity from Morocco, transported to Rotterdam for electrolysis. The other scenario is calculated with electricity from offshore wind farms in the Northern Sea. The calculation of the PV scenario leads to specific emissions for the hydrogen supplied to vessels of 51 gCO2eq/kWhH2 with levelized costs of hydrogen of 0.12 €/kWhH2. The wind scenario led to 16 gCO2eq/kWhH2 with 0.19 €/kWhH2. The electrolysis has the highest impact on emissions and costs, especially the electricity demand. Accordingly, lower emissions of PV electricity supply would have a high influence on the overall results. On the other hand, for the low emission renewable hydrogen supply with wind power a further reduction of the costs of the installation will be relevant.
Cannabis Medicinal: Uma Revisão sobre as Perspectivas Atuais e Desafios Futuros na Prática Clínica
Authors: Xavier Viana Tereza Raquel , De Paula Venute Ligia , Teixeira Coelho Aline , Ribeiro de Souza Daniel , Xavier de Deus Rafaella , Crivoi Cesar Alessandra , Andrade Silva Pontes Elenice , Carcavallo Alves Viviane , Dos Santos José Ronaldo
Published: April 2024

Introdução: A crescente atenção pela Cannabis medicinal, reflete interesses em suas propriedades terapêuticas, que são exploradas desde os povos ancestrais. Compostos como o tetra-hidrocanabinol (THC) e o canabidiol (CBD) despertam interesse científico devido às suas potenciais aplicações medicinais. Objetivo: Fornecer uma visão abrangente do potencial terapêutico da Cannabis medicinal e suas aplicações clínicas. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura científica disponível nas bases de dados PubMed (US National Library of Medicine), SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) e Web of Science. Foram selecionados estudos que se relacionavam com o uso terapêutico da Cannabis em diferentes condições médicas, utilizando os seguintes critérios de inclusão: descritores cadastrados do Decs (((Medical Marijuana) AND (Therapy)) AND (Clinical)) AND (Diseases)), textos completos gratuitos, publicados em revistas revisadas por pares, artigos disponíveis em inglês e português, e publicados nos últimos 5 anos (2019 a 2024). Os estudos que não estavam diretamente relacionados ao tema proposto foram excluídos da análise. Resultados: Esta revisão analisou um total de 81 artigos, dos quais apenas 8 foram considerados pertinentes para o tema em estudo. O estudo evidenciou uma variedade de aplicações clínicas da Cannabis medicinal, incluindo alívio da dor, redução da ansiedade e controle de convulsões em pacientes com epilepsia, entre outros. Esses resultados fornecem informações valiosas para profissionais de saúde e pesquisadores interessados no potencial terapêutico da Cannabis. Conclusão: A Cannabis medicinal apresenta um potencial terapêutico significativo em várias aplicações clínicas, oferecendo uma alternativa promissora para pacientes que buscam tratamentos complementares ou alternativos. No entanto, são necessárias mais pesquisas para elucidar os mecanismos de ação e otimizar sua utilização clínica.
POTENSI NIOSOMAL GEL SEBAGAI PENGHANTARAN OBAT ANTIINFLAMASI MELALUI SISTEM PENGHANTARAN TRANSDERMAL
Authors: Nursal Fith Khaira , Nining Nining
Published: April 2024

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the most popular drugs used, and the WHO model lists essential medicines due to their efficacy in reducing pain and inflammation. Orally administered is prone to causing adverse reactions, while injections administered are not conducive to self-administration of the drug because the patient feels uncomfortable, thereby reducing patient compliance. Transdermal delivery is one solution because it has the potential to improve the safety profile and increase the drug's bioavailability. The use of drug delivery systems based on colloidal particulate carriers such as niosomes has advantages over conventional dosage forms because these particles can act as a reservoir containing the drug and can increase penetration. Based on the discussion presented, gel-based niosomes formulations in various research results show better drug release and permeation through the skin compared to conventional formulations. The presence of cholesterol and surfactant components plays an important role in helping drug permeation through the skin in terms of increasing the number of permeating drug molecules and the depth of permeation that occurs. Hydrogel-forming polymers are the first choice for loading niosomes because they are biocompatible and easy to obtain. Carpobol is the polymer most chosen because of its ability to spread easily, forming homogeneous and transparent preparations.
Hubungan Keyakinan Manfaat dan Kemudahan Dengan Kelengkapan Pengisian Rekam Medis
Authors: Devhy Ni Luh Putu , Purwanti Ika Setya , Faidah Nurul
Published: April 2024

Confidence in convenience and confidence in the benefits of filling out medical records are important, if we feel confident about the benefits, automatically filling out medical records completely. Incomplete filling of medical records can cause harm to health services, if something unexpected happens. The medical record is said to be complete if all the indicators contained in the cheek list are filled out completely, the medical record is said to be incomplete if one indicator is not filled in, so there are still many hospitals that get incomplete scores below 100%. Based on this description, the purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between usefulness beliefs and convenience beliefs with the completeness of filling out medical records. This research is an observational study with a cross sectional study design. This research was conducted at Dharma Yadnya General Hospital, within a period of 3 months, namely, January 2022-March 2022, the population of this study were doctors and medical records. The sample selection used non-probability sampling method, for the selection of samples in the medical record using the accidential sampling method. Collecting data using a questionnaire and a cheek list completeness of filling out medical records. The results obtained in this study are that there is no relationship between the belief in the benefits and the belief in convenience with the completeness of filling out the medical record with a p value of 0.164 and a p value of 0.109. Based on the results of this study, even though the belief in the benefits and convenience is good, it does not mean that the health worker fills out the medical record completely, this of course requires consistency and time in filling out the medical record, if the hospital can provide SPO related to filling out the medical record.
Routine Antenatal Echocardiography in High-Prevalence Areas of Rheumatic Heart Disease: A WHO-Guideline Systematic Review
Authors: Seitler Samuel , Ahmad Mahmood , Ahuja Sanjali Anil Chu , Ahmed Malik Takreem , Stevenson Alexander , Schreiber Tamar Rachel , Sodhi Prem Singh , Diyasena Hiruna Kojitha , Ogbeide Osarumwense , Arularooran Sankavi , Shokraneh Farhad , Cassandra Miryan , Marijon Eloi , Celermajer David S. , Khanji Mohammed Y. , Providencia Rui
Published: April 2024

Background: Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) is the most common cause of valvular heart disease worldwide. Undiagnosed or untreated RHD can complicate pregnancy and lead to poor maternal and fetal outcomes and is a significant factor in non-obstetric morbidity. Echocardiography has an emerging role in screening for RHD. We aimed to critically analyse the evidence on the use of echocardiography for screening pregnant women for RHD in high-prevalence areas.
Methods: We searched MEDLINE and Embase to identify the relevant reports. Two independent reviewers assessed the reports against the eligibility criteria in a double-blind process.
Results: The searches (date: 4 April 2023) identified 432 records for screening. Ten non-controlled observational studies were identified, five using portable or handheld echocardiography, comprising data from 23,166 women. Prevalence of RHD varied across the studies, ranging from 0.4 to 6.6% (I2, heterogeneity >90%). Other cardiac abnormalities (e.g., congenital heart disease and left ventricular systolic dysfunction) were also detected <1% to 2% of cases. Certainty of evidence was very low.
Conclusion: Echocardiography as part of antenatal care in high-prevalence areas may detect RHD or other cardiac abnormalities in asymptomatic pregnant women, potentially reducing the rates of disease progression and adverse labor-associated outcomes. However, this evidence is affected by the low certainty of evidence, and lack of studies comparing echocardiography versus standard antenatal care.
Prospective Registration: PROSPERO 2022 July 4; CRD42022344081 Available from: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=344081.
Research question: ‘In areas with a high prevalence of rheumatic heart disease, should handheld echocardiography be added to routine antenatal care?’
Examining the Use and Application of the WHO Integrated People-Centred Health Services Framework in Research Globally – a Systematic Scoping Review
Authors: Hafiz Osama , Yin Xuejun , Sun Shiying , Yang Jingsong , Liu Hueiming
Published: April 2024

Introduction: The World Health Organisation (WHO) accepted the Integrated People-centred Health Services (IPCHS) framework in 2016 as an essential component for achieving universal health coverage in fragmented health systems. We aimed to examine the empirical applications of the WHO IPCHS framework to guide its use in strengthening health-service research.
Methods: Academic databases and the IPCHS website were searched for relevant articles published between 2016 and July 2023. Two reviewers independently screened and extracted data on the study design, setting, IPCHS framework components, and facilitators and barriers to implementing the IPCHS strategies. Descriptive and content analyses were conducted.
Results: Six studies were identified using the IPCHS framework. Studies have examined a combination of the five IPCHS strategies. All studies reported building strong primary care-based systems and coordinating care for individuals. Continued relationships and trust, co-production of health programmes, diversity of health care team, and technology were major facilitators, while low health literacy, lack of primary setting capacity and healthcare workforce were principal barriers to IPCHS implementation.
Conclusion: This scoping review offers an overview of IPCHS strategies employed in healthcare research. Generally, the IPCHS framework remains underutilised in primary research. These results offer guidance for future research to support effective healthcare delivery.
The market access principles and the subordination of devolved competence
Authors: Kilford Nicholas
Published: April 2024

The United Kingdom (UK) Internal Market Act 2020’s ‘market access principles’ are capable of disapplying devolved legislation. Because that process qualifies the effectiveness but not the validity of that legislation, the UK Government contends that it leaves devolved competences intact and, therefore, respects the devolution settlement. However, this article argues that the use of disapplication to mechanise the market access principles has a deeper subordinating effect on devolved competence. This is because it suggests that devolved legislation is second-class, even within competence, and it implies that the settlement offers no protection for the effectiveness of devolved legislation, in stark contrast to the position accorded to Westminster. Further, disapplication also points to a less autonomous model of devolution, undermines legal certainty, and conceals significant constitutional changes from view. As such, far from neutralising the Act’s centralising tendencies, disapplication only exacerbates them.
UKIMA as red flag symptom of constitutional ill-health: devolved autonomy and legislative consent
Authors: McCorkindale Christopher
Published: April 2024

Devolution is a fundamental principle of the United Kingdom (UK) constitution – a ‘new settlement’, as Tony Blair put it, that at once responded to the democratic demand to ‘[bring] decision-making … closer to the people who felt a strong sense of identity’ and also, in so doing, ‘to ward off the bigger threat of secession’. At the heart of that principle is respect for devolved autonomy; that, within the devolved sphere, it is the devolved authorities who are best placed to wield primary and secondary law-making powers free from interference from the centre. The constitutional safeguard for devolved autonomy is a political rule: that the UK Parliament will not normally legislate with regard to devolved matters without the consent of the relevant devolved legislature(s). Until the process to withdraw the UK from the European Union (EU) began, the convention was well defined, well understood and well respected. However, the UK Government’s centripetal approach to EU withdrawal and to the resulting realignment of the UK constitution has marked a significant step change. In this article I take seriously the claim made by the Institute for Government that the UK Internal Market Act 2020 is the most contentious example – a red flag symptom – of damaging new constitutional dynamics: the increased willingness of the UK Parliament and UK Government to intervene in devolved matters without devolved consent. At stake as a result is not only the efficient operation of the UK internal market but, recalling Blair, the very survival of the union itself.
Internal market governance by consensus rather than conflict? Common Frameworks and the potential for positive harmonisation
Authors: Horsley Thomas , Hunter Jo
Published: April 2024

This article connects theories of positive and negative harmonisation with perspectives on self- and shared rule to examine emerging approaches to managing domestic (ie intra-United Kingdom (UK)) trade post-Brexit. Our particular focus is on a new tool of governance: the Common Frameworks – a consensus-based collaborative intergovernmental approach to policymaking in areas of devolved competence previously falling within the scope of the European Union Treaties. We explore the potential of the Frameworks as instruments of positive harmonisation with reference to emerging practice and consider their relationship with the United Kingdom Internal Market Act 2020. Our analysis unmasks internal market governance post-Brexit as a contested space, reflecting deepening divisions between the UK and devolved governments regarding self- and shared rule under the UK’s territorial constitution. We identify three key drivers of contestation: a lack of consensus on the UK internal market as a regulatory object; changes in political context; and enduring structural and attitudinal imbalances favouring political control from the centre.
Apseudes ranma sp. nov. (Tanaidacea: Apseudidae) found in a public aquarium, with notes on phylogeny and a presumptive stridulatory organ
Authors: Matsushima Yoshinobu , Kakui Keiichi
Published: April 2024

We describe Apseudes ranma sp. nov. from the Port of Nagoya Public Aquarium, Nagoya, Japan. It resembles two congeners, Apseudes curtiramus (Guţu, 2007) and Apseudes orghidani Guţu and Iliffe, 1989, in having the rostrum triangular, wider than long,
the carapace without lateral spines, distinct and round eye lobes, pereonites 3–6 with a pair of tongue-shaped anterolateral projections, and the pleotelson with two pairs of lateral projections, but differs from them in having lateral setae on the anterolateral margin of the carapace
and a ventro-subproximal spine on the pereopod-1 basis, and in the number of spiniform setae on articles of pereopods 2–4. We determined partial nucleotide sequences for the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and 18S rRNA (18S) genes in A. ranma sp. nov. for future
DNA barcoding and phylogeny reconstruction. In an 18S tree, A. ranma sp. nov. was the sister taxon to Apseudes nipponicus Shiino, 1937, and this clade was the sister group to moderately supported Carpoapseudes clade. We discovered a presumptive stridulatory organ in
A. ranma sp. nov. consisting of a cylindrical protrusion and knobbly area on the inner surface of each of the left and right chelipedal bases. The location of the protrusion and knobbly area suggests that these may be a plectrum and pars stridens, respectively.
Factors influencing the adoption and intensity of use of AI chatbots for online purchasing in Nigeria
Authors: Oke Tolulope Timothy  , Afolayan Ayodeji Fisayo  , Ramachandran Thiru  , Mustafa Ayobami Raji  , Hameedat Bukola Olodo
Published: April 2024

The study investigated factors influencing the adoption and intensity of the use of AI chatbots for online purchasing in Nigeria. A simple random technique was used to select three hundred and twenty respondents in the study area. Information was elicited on the socioeconomic characteristics and factors influencing the adoption and intensity of usage of AI chatbots with the aid of structured questionnaires. Data obtained were analysed using descriptive statistics and regression models. The descriptive statistics were mean, frequency count, standard deviation, and simple percentage. The result revealed an equal distribution of males (50%) and females (50%) in the study area. It was also revealed that the majority (22.5%) of the respondents were between the age of 21-25. Also, the majority (48.93%) of the respondents had completed their first degree and were employed. The result also showed that the majority of the respondents were non-users of online purchasing mediums. From the regression analysis, it was concluded that socio-demographic factors such as age (5%) and years of education (5%) significantly influence the adoption of AI chatbots for online purchases, furthermore, web-based factors like online literacy (5%) and data usage (5%) significantly affect the intensity of AI chatbot use. Perception of risk (1%) and convenience (1%) were significant risk factors influencing the respondents' adoption of AI. The study recommended that educational institutions incorporate digital literacy programs into their curriculum to empower people. Efforts should be made to make data packages more affordable for Nigerians which could improve accessibility to AI chatbots, thereby promoting their intensive use for online purchases.
Forest Thought in the Stage of Forest Industrial Utilization
Authors: Wei Wenyue
Published: April 2024

The rise of modern science has brought about "The Disenchantment of the World" summarized by Max Weber. Disenchantment means a fundamental change in the way of understanding the world. Scientific discourse with rationalization as its essential feature has replaced religious discourse with faith as its essential feature and has become the most dominant world view. Disenchantment shows the basic characteristics and trends of the overall development of society. It strips away the mysterious meaning of the world by criticizing the construction of the world by the subjective spirit, and uses scientific and technological rationality to present the structure and appearance of the world. In this process, the world becomes an object to be understood and transformed by "I", rather than a community that shares weal and woe. Descartes' metaphysical dualism and mechanism established the main view of nature at this stage. Nature has become a huge and complex mechanical system, and mathematics and geometry are the most effective tools to describe mechanical systems. In an era when the world has become a machine, forests have also lost their subject status and become objects to be analyzed mathematically; at this stage, forests exist as "resources" in more and more places. Then people become users and beneficiaries of resources, and forests become the objects of human management and use. Scientific methods have become the main method in all fields of society. Forests that conform to mathematical ideals have become standard forests. Forests that were originally wild have become huge laboratories, filled with mathematical rules and human utility.
Reasons for the Formation of the Consciousness of Literati and Seal Engravers in the Late Qing Dynasty from the Perspective of Epigraphy
Authors: Xu Shiyi
Published: April 2024

The formation of the legal consciousness of literati seal engravers in the late Qing Dynasty can be attributed to various factors, one of which is the inheritance of ancient culture. Seal engravers have deep education in literatures, art, philosophy and other ancient periods such as the pre-Qin and -Han dynasties. Therefore, the appreciation and studies on ancient seal engravings have led them to form a legal consciousness. At the same time, they also highly admire classic calligraphy and painting, with the seal carving works in previous calligraphy and painting works highly respected. Scholars and seal carvers improve their artistic level by learning and imitating the works of previous seal carvers, drawing on ancient aesthetic standards and techniques in their creations. They pursue independent literary and artistic creations, emphasizing individual expressions, while also having a profound understanding and respect for traditional culture. Under the guidance of this ideology, adopting the teaching of ancient people has become a way to express one's own personalities. The method has become a way for literati to express their personalities and seek their self-identity. By imitating and innovating from their predecessors, they seek spiritual comfort and stability in turbulent times.
Verses Through Thorns: An Archetypal Interpretation of Trauma in Emily Dickinson's Poetry
Authors: Lyu Qi
Published: April 2024

Emily Dickinson, a renowned American poetess, authored nearly two thousand poems, embodying her legendary life through themes rich in emotion and complexity. Trauma, manifesting in various forms from her childhood to her reclusive later years, pervades Dickinson's secretive existence. Her poetry, marked by a profound personal touch, weaves the pain of loss, social isolation, unrequited love, physical suffering, and existential quandaries into metaphoric and symbolic language. Swiss psychoanalyst Carl Jung posited the existence of a collective unconscious in the human psyche, comprising universal symbols and motifs known as "archetypes", which subconsciously influence the poet's comprehension of trauma, thereby revealing themselves in her intricately profound verses. This paper explores the symbolic elements and manifestations of Dickinson's inner trauma through three classic archetypes— the Shadow, the Magician, and the Hero's Journey— examining how these archetypes' themes and symbols relate to her personal trauma experiences, thereby delving into the poet's psyche as she confronts trauma, seeking self-healing and personal growth.
A Critical Study of Blade Runner from A Posthumanism Perspective
Authors: Yu Minghuang
Published: April 2024

Posthumanism is the theory concerned with how the developments in technology and science has challenged our conception of what it means to be human. It looks for representations of a posthuman condition within literature, mostly in science fiction texts. The theory mapping the development of humanism into the present day and its relationship with technology and devoting in looking at the distinction between humans and animals and/or humans and machines. As one of the most notable artworks in the film industry, the Blade Runner is always regarded as a representative research object of posthumanism theory. This paper would mainly focus on the analysis of Blade Runner, to see how posthumanism is performed and distillated in this classical film.
Enhanced Heart Attack Prediction Using eXtreme Gradient Boosting
Authors: Feng Mingyang , Wang Xiaosong , Zhao Zhiming , Jiang Chufeng , Xiong Jize , Zhang Ning
Published: April 2024

Heart attack prediction is a vital component of cardiovascular healthcare, aiming to identify individuals at risk for timely intervention and improved patient outcomes. Despite significant advancements in predictive modeling techniques, several challenges persist, including algorithmic limitations, interpretability issues, data dependence, and scalability concerns. These challenges underscore the need for robust, interpretable, and generalizable predictive models capable of handling the complexities of medical data effectively. In this study, we propose a novel approach leveraging the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithm for heart attack analysis and prediction. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of heart disease datasets, employing rigorous data preprocessing, feature selection, and hyperparameter optimization techniques to develop a highly accurate and interpretable predictive model. Our results demonstrate the efficacy of the XGBoost algorithm in capturing intricate patterns from medical data, achieving superior predictive performance across various metrics. The proposed model addresses the existing challenges in heart attack prediction, offering a promising solution for enhancing cardiovascular healthcare outcomes.
Review of Research on Nuclear Signal Pulse Shaping
Authors: Tang Zhihe , Liu Zewei
Published: April 2024

Pulse shaping can greatly improve the signal-to-noise ratio and has been widely used in nuclear signal processing. This paper gives a brief overview of the current research status of nuclear signal pulse shaping at home and abroad. It describes in detail the three traditional pulse shaping methods of quasi-Gaussian shaping, triangular shaping and trapezoidal shaping, and discusses the nuclear pulse signal shaping that has appeared in recent years. And a brief introduction to the nuclear pulse signal shaping methods that have emerged in recent years is also given.
Analysis on Machining Precision Control of Mechanical Die
Authors: Fu Bo
Published: April 2024

New era of rapid development and progress, to promote science and technology is increasingly perfect, manufacturing to meet customer demand, puts forward higher requirements on mechanical precision mold processing, and mechanical processing plant to ensure the precision mold processing, must improve the level of staff technology practice and professional quality, and constantly learning new technology, new equipment, and set up correct GongZuoGuan, Clearly understand the relationship between the machining accuracy of mechanical die and its application, deeply analyze its influencing factors, and put forward targeted control measures. Based on this, this paper carries out an in-depth analysis of the machining precision control of mechanical die, for reference only.