bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Saliva - A New Horizon for Estimating Antioxidant Profile of Mobile Phone User
Authors: Khan Asra , Naheed Suad , Alam Mehtab , Salahuddin Saba
Published: August 2020

This is the era of information and new technologies, among the brilliant inventions and advancement, Global system of mobile phone communication (GSM) makes the life as approachable as one can think. It changes the social relation and social network of an individual. Hence the mobile has two sides of a coin. Advantages and disadvantages are associated with every feasibility or inventions.  But some time blessings bring some harmful effects on the human body. Mobile phone uses radio waves. Some part of the radio wave is also absorbed in the body. The ear is the most exposed part of the body. The salivary gland is very close to the ear. Hence, the affected part of the cellular phone radiations is a salivary gland.

In the current study, we collected the unstimulated saliva sample from volunteers to estimate the antioxidant profile of the mobile phone user. The Uric acids, Catalase, C Reactive Protein (CRP), Reduced Glutathione (GSH), and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) were included in the antioxidant profile. Uric acid, GSH, SOD was significantly decreased while CRP and Catalase were significantly increased. The result shows the increase the risk of inflammation and oxidative stress, which can predispose the cell phone user to a multitude of infectious & non-infectious oral diseases.
Choice of Maize Genotype Affects Wheat Haploid Seed and Success of Embryo Rescue
Authors: Khokhar Muhammad Ilyas , Razaq Abdul , Iqbal Junaid , Anwar Muhammad Jamshaid , Iqbal Muhammad Zaffar , Rehman Sajid ur
Published: August 2020

In wheat (Triticum aestivum) breeding, the use of double haploids plays a vital role by reducing the length of the breeding cycle. The first step in the production of a wheat double haploid is to create a haploid, which in wheat can be achieved via wheat × maize cross, and resulting haploid plants are recovered by embryo rescue. In this study, a wheat segregating population (F2) was emasculated and pollinated with pollen from four maize varieties (Sadaf, Malka-2016, Pearl and MMRI yellow). Maize genotype affected the outcome of haploid seed production (Sadaf = 28.58%; Pearl = 28.33%; Malka-2016 = 26.42%; MMRI yellow = 17.97%) and embryo rescue (Malka-2016 = 27.02%; MMRI yellow = 25.82%; Sadaf = 20.17%; Pearl = 16.47%). Sadaf produced maximum haploid seed (28.58%) followed by Pearl (28.33%) but higher embryo rescued success (27.02%) was observed in Malka-2016 followed by MMRI (25.82%). We recommend the use of Sadaf or Malka-2016 to produce haploid seed and to achieve successful embryo rescue in wheat × maize crossing for wheat doubled haploid production.
Monitoring the Spatio-temporal Evolution of a Reconnection X-line in Space
Authors: Wang Z. , Fu H. S. , Vaivads A. , Burch J. L. , Yu Y. , Cao J. B.
Published: August 2020

Inherently, magnetic reconnection—the process responsible for stellar flares and magnetospheric substorms—is very dynamic in space, owing to magnetic fluctuations and unsteady inflows. However, this process was always explained as a static picture in spacecraft measurements, neglecting the temporal evolution. This picture is not correct. Here we provide the first dynamic picture of magnetic reconnection in space, by monitoring the spatio-temporal evolution of a reconnection X-line at the magnetopause. Surprisingly, we find that the angle of a reconnection X-line can change from 44.°8 to 24.°9 during tens of milliseconds, which is significantly smaller than the characteristic timescale of the reconnection process (t = d

i
/V
A ∼ 410 ms). Meanwhile, the spacecraft moves from the inflow region to the outflow region (spatial evolution). This result demonstrates that the magnetic reconnection in space can develop rapidly during tens of milliseconds, and thus that the concept of dynamic reconnection should be invoked instead of a static diagram.
The Majella National Park: a case study for the conservation of plant biodiversity in the Italian Apennines
Authors: Di Cecco Valter , Di Santo Marco , Di Musciano Michele , Manzi Aurelio , Di Cecco Mirella , Ciaschetti Giampiero , Marcantonio Giuseppe , Di Martino Luciano
Published: August 2020

The Majella National Park (MNP) is a tangible example of the interaction between ex-situ and in-situ conservation of endemic, rare, or endangered species at a Regional level in the context of the Italian national parks. The MNP has the facilities and carries out activities for the conservation of plant biodiversity: it includes botanical gardens, a seed bank, a nursery, and a network of “guardian farmers”, an authentic “granary” in which to protect and conserve biodiversity in and around the Majella massif (central Italy).
A new species of Nephus (Nephus) (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) described from Reunion Island
Authors: Magro Alexandra , Churata-Salcedo Julissa , Lecompte Emilie , Hemptinne Jean-Louis , Almeida Lucia M.
Published: August 2020

We report here a new species belonging to Nephus (Nephus) Mulsant. Nephus (Nephus) apoloniasp. nov. was collected in the Reunion Island (Mascarene Archipelago, Indian Ocean). We describe this new species and redescribe and illustrate three other Nephus species already known from Reunion: Nephus (Nephus) oblongosignatus Mulsant, 1850, Nephus (Geminosipho) reunioni (Fürsch, 1974) and Nephus (Nephus) voeltzkowi Weise, 1910. Furthermore, we present a phylogenetic tree for these four species and calculate the genetic distances between them, using high-throughput DNA sequencing of the mitochondrial genome. The similar external morphology of N. apoloniasp. nov. and N. voeltzkowi very probably explains why individuals from the first species have been mistakenly identified as the latter and were not recognized as different until now. Other than external and genitalia traits, the present study provides molecular evidence confirming these are indeed two different species.
Percevoir son corps à travers le regard d’autrui : une revue de la littérature sur l’auto-objectification
Authors: Wollast Robin , De Wilde Matthias , Bernard Philippe , Klein Olivier
Published: August 2020

L’objectification sexuelle, à savoir la tendance à considérer ou à traiter une personne comme un objet sexuel, est présente au quotidien dans les relations interpersonnelles comme dans les médias. En effet, ceux-ci (télévision, magazines, internet, jeux vidéo…) véhiculent des images sexualisées, idéalisées et stéréotypées des femmes et des hommes qui ne sont pas sans conséquence pour le grand public. Actuellement, de nombreuses études mettent en évidence que l’impossibilité pour une personne de ressembler ou de s’identifier à une construction inatteignable ou à un modèle parfait peut avoir des conséquences négatives comme de la honte corporelle, de l’anxiété par rapport à son apparence, des troubles alimentaires ou encore de la dépression. L’objectif de cette revue de la littérature est triple. Primo , elle introduit le lecteur à la théorie de l’objectification, développée par Fredrickson et Roberts (1997), qui décrit l’influence de cette représentation omniprésente et idéalisée de la beauté sur la santé mentale des femmes. Secundo , cette littérature centrée sur le concept d’auto-objectification présente de manière synthétique et structurée les études phares qui ont significativement contribué au développement de la réflexion sur la manière dont les hommes et les femmes perçoivent leur propre corps. Tertio , ce manuscrit décrit les limites actuelles de cette théorie et présente de nouvelles perspectives de recherche.
Survoler le temps : l’espace-temps comme schème, mythe et thème
Authors: During Élie
Published: August 2020

Le concept d’espace-temps remplit chez Raymond Ruyer des fonctions diverses et ambivalentes. Il est envisagé ici comme schème explicatif commun à la physique et à la métaphysique, comme mythe philosophique formulant la question de l’unité du monde, enfin comme thème formel dans sa relation complexe au « trans-spatial » ainsi qu’à la notion bergsonienne de « durée ».
Artist-Driven Software Development Framework for Visual Effects Studios
Authors: Kruse Jan
Published: August 2020

The development of software to produce Visual Effects is based on a unique model. The majority of large companies across the film industry have taken a distinctive approach for three decades, which might explain their ongoing business success, despite the same tough conditions that other technology companies have to face in light of shrinking margins and several financial crises. This chapter examines the model and proposes an Artist-Driven Software Development Framework for visual effects studios. A brief insight into the recent history of successful applications of this model is discussed and suggestions on how to employ this framework and improve on it are given.
An Empirical Investigation of the Perceived Benefits of Agile Methodologies Using an Innovation-Theoretical model
Authors: Bonner Nancy A. , Kulangara Nisha , Nerur Sridhar , Teng James. T. C.
Published: August 2020

There is little doubt that agile software development (ASD) methods have gained widespread acceptance in industry. Despite the attention these methods have received, there is little empirical affirmation of the benefits that accrue to those who use agile methodologies. Grounded in the conceptual foundations of innovation diffusion and agile philosophy of development, the authors' study validates a model to assess the perceived advantage of an iterative approach to software development. Consistent with their predictions, the results suggest that evolutionary development - the cornerstone of agile development – is perceived to be less complex and more compatible with the work habits of developers. Further, the findings support the hitherto unsubstantiated claim that iterative development yields benefits to software developers. However, process flexibility, yet another important characteristic of agile development, had no significant impact on complexity, compatibility, and relative advantage. The implications of the study for academics and practitioners, and directions for future research are discussed.
Design Patterns for Social Intelligent Agent Architectures Implementation
Authors: Kolp Manuel , Wautelet Yves , Heng Samedi
Published: August 2020

Multi-agent systems (MAS) architectures are popular for building open, distributed, and evolving software required by today's business IT applications such as e-business systems, web services, or enterprise knowledge bases. Since the fundamental concepts of MAS are social and intentional rather than object, functional, or implementation-oriented, the design of MAS architectures can be eased by using social patterns. They are detailed agent-oriented design idioms to describe MAS architectures as composed of autonomous agents that interact and coordinate to achieve their intentions like actors in human organizations. This chapter presents social patterns and focuses on a framework aimed to gain insight into these patterns. The framework can be integrated into agent-oriented software engineering methodologies used to build MAS. The authors consider the broker social pattern to illustrate the framework. The mapping from system architectural design (through organizational architectural styles), to system detailed design (through social patterns), is overviewed with a data integration case study.
Adaptation of Winlink 2000 Emergency Amateur Radio Email Network to a VHF Packet Radio Infrastructure
Authors: Škorić Miroslav
Published: August 2020

This chapter presents software and hardware solutions for interconnecting an existing VHF amateur packet radio infrastructure with ‘Winlink 2000' radio email network. Having in mind that a number of households, schools, and offices are equipped with Internet connections, and that many radio amateurs at such locations are active on their VHF (or UHF) digital networks on a daily basis, the connectivity between the two systems will increase the chances for citizens who suffer after disasters such as earthquakes, heavy rains and floods, followed by malfunction in commercial communicating services – to remain electronically wired with the rest of world by email. The chapter provides a tutorial on constructing, installing, and testing a simple packet radio repeater station, additionally equipped with computer programs with ‘Winlink 2000' compatibility.
CRM 2.0 and Mobile CRM
Authors: Gregório Tânia Isabel , Isaías Pedro
Published: August 2020

Companies are becoming more focused on customers and on new ways to approach them individually. Mobile technologies and Web 2.0 have been pushing companies to evolve in this area. This research is focused on the way Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems are used, on a European level, by recruiting companies to assist candidates in finding a satisfactory job. A framework is presented to identify how CRM 2.0 and mCRM (mobile CRM) can help candidates to find jobs in a personalized way. A set of four hypotheses have been defined. To gain a better understanding of these CRM systems, the methodology used in the exploratory study was quantitative, employing a non-probabilistic sampling technique, with 35 recruiting agencies being studied. Results showed that the use of software in recruiting agencies is quite common and that CRM 2.0 is present in the vast majority of the studied companies. When it comes to mobile CRM, there's still much to be explored in this channel, as agencies focus their resources on Web 2.0, leaving this channel's great potential of mobile CRM unused.
An Analysis of the Agile Theory and Methods in the Light of the Principles of the Value Co-Creation
Authors: Verlaine Bertrand
Published: August 2020

The traditional methods for managing projects, i.e., the methods based on the Waterfall model, consider a project as successful if the initial commitments are respected at the end of the project. This means that the value provided to the stakeholders is evaluated according to the fulfilment of a contract originally signed. In this chapter, the author discusses the notion of value and value co-creation in the scope of the project management with a focus on the computing industry. Indeed, a promising theory for managing software implementation projects, called the Agile theory, seems to comply with some principles of the value co-creation. The Agile theory is first compared to the traditional project management frameworks and, then, to the principles of the value co-creation. Lastly, a review of the most used agile methods is proposed. This helps the reader to choose an agile method which is the most compliant with the value co-creation principles.
Automatic Test Data Generation Using Bio-Inspired Algorithms
Authors: Panda Madhumita , Dash Sujata
Published: August 2020

This chapter presents an overview of some widely accepted bio-inspired metaheuristic algorithms which would be helpful in solving the problems of software testing. Testing is an integral part of the software development process. A sizable number of Nature based algorithms coming under the per- view of metaheuristics have been used by researchers to solve practical problems of different disciplines of engineering and computer science, and software engineering. Here an exhaustive review of metaheuristic algorithms which have been employed to optimize the solution of test data generation for past 20 -30 years is presented. In addition to this, authors have reviewed their own work has been developed particularly to generate test data for path coverage based testing using Cuckoo Search and Gravitational Search algorithms. Also, an extensive comparison with the results obtained using Genetic Algorithms, Particle swarm optimization, Differential Evolution and Artificial Bee Colony algorithm are presented to establish the significance of the study.
Scaling Up Software Birthmarks Using Fuzzy Hashing
Authors: Tsuzaki Takehiro , Yamamoto Teruaki , Tamada Haruaki , Monden Akito
Published: August 2020

To detect the software theft, software birthmarks have been proposed. Software birthmark systems extract software birthmarks, which are native characteristics of software, from binary programs, and compare them by computing the similarity between birthmarks. This paper proposes a new procedure for scaling up the birthmark systems. While conventional birthmark systems are composed of the birthmark extraction phase and the birthmark comparison phase, the proposed method adds two new phases between extraction and comparison, namely, compression phase, which employs fuzzy hashing, and pre-comparison phase, which aims to increase distinction property of birthmarks. The proposed method enables us to reduce the required time in the comparison phase, so that it can be applied to detect software theft among many larger scale software products. From an experimental evaluation, the authors found that the proposed method significantly reduces the comparison time, and keeps the distinction performance, which is one of the important properties of the birthmark. Also, the preservation performance is acceptable when the threshold value is properly set.
Predicting Software Abnormal State by using Classification Algorithm
Authors: Yan Yongquan , Guo Ping
Published: August 2020

Software aging, also called smooth degradation or chronics, has been observed in a long running software application, accompanied by performance degradation, hang/crash failures or both. The key for software aging problem is how to fast and accurately detect software aging occurrence, which is a hard work due to the long delay before aging appearance. In this paper, two problems about software aging prediction are solved, which are how to accurately find proper running software system variables to represent system state and how to predict software aging state in a running software system with a minor error rate. Firstly, the authors use proposed stepwise forward selection algorithm and stepwise backward selection algorithm to find a proper subset of variables set. Secondly, a classification algorithm is used to model software aging process. Lastly, t-test with k-fold cross validation is used to compare performance of two classification algorithms. In the experiments, the authors find that their proposed method is an efficient way to forecast software aging problems in advance.
Taming of ‘Openness' in Software Innovation Systems
Authors: Gencer Mehmet , Oba Beyza
Published: August 2020

In large-scale open source software (OSS) innovation ecosystems that incorporate firms, a variety of measures are taken to tame the potentially chaotic activities and align the contributions of various participants with the strategic priorities of major stakeholders. Such taming rests on the dual desires of this emergent community of firms to unleash the innovation potential of OSS and to drive it to a certain direction, and it emerges in the form of various organizational activities. By drawing on a sample of large-scale OSS ecosystems, the authors discuss that methods employed for taming are isomorphic, and overview the emerging strategic pattern for establishing systems of innovation. This pattern involves a related set of practices to balance virtues of OSS community while introducing corporate discipline. In contrast to approaches such as open innovation, which favor isolated reasoning, they present a systemic and historical perspective to explain the continuum in emergence and establishment of strategic patterns.
To Code or Not to Code
Authors: Balint Bryon
Published: August 2020

Businesses that purchase packaged application software – for example, an Enterprise Resource Planning system – must make choices about customization. Software vendors, anecdotal evidence, and practitioner-oriented research all recommend that organizations should customize software as little as possible, and instead adapt their processes to meet the “best practices” of the software. However, businesses continue to exceed their budgets on implementing and maintaining customized software, often to a significant extent. This suggests that either these organizations are making poor decisions, or that the conventional wisdom about customization is incorrect. In this paper we model the primary factors in the customization decision: “fit” between the desired business process and the packaged software; costs related to development, maintenance, integration, and performance; and benefits related to increased fit, integration, performance, and user acceptance. We use simulation techniques to illustrate the conditions under which customization is likely to provide value to the organization, as well as conditions under which customization should be avoided.
Getting the Best out of People in Small Software Companies
Authors: Sanchez-Gordon Mary-Luz
Published: August 2020

Managers of software small companies struggle to manage their software process. Therefore, for them realizing and understanding the impact of human factors on software process is even more challenging. Although human factors have been proved to have impact on software process, unfortunately they have been overlooked altogether. This paper proposes a holistic view of human factors on software process in VSE, focusing on the concerns and perceived shortcomings present. In order to identify and compare the human factors, the author carried out a systematic comparison of human factors. As a result, this study identifies the connection between software process defined in ISO/IEC 29110 and human factors given in ISO 10018 and its pertinence. In light of that, the author outlines first steps towards enhanced implementation of ISO/IEC 29110 standard based on ISO 10018.
The Economies of West Asia
Authors: Alati Lauren A. , Kaur Harpreet
Published: August 2020

While East Asia has been the dominant economic region in Asia for several centuries, the gross regional product (GRP) of West Asia (comprising Southern, Central, and Western Asia) is projected to surpass that of East Asia by 2050 and to be 40% larger by 2100. In 2018, West Asia accounted for accounted for 17% of gross world product (GWP) compared with 31% by East Asia. It is projected that West Asia's share of GWP will rise to 31% by 2050 and 35% in 2060 before falling back to 25% in 2100. The dominant economy will be India, whose GDP is expected to surpass that of China by 2050 and to be 50% larger by 2100.
The Coaching Dance
Authors: Percy Will , Dow Kevin E.
Published: August 2020

Given the continued popularity of coaching in the West and its increasing use in China, this chapter examines how the predominantly Western-driven coaching methodology can be modified for more effective use in a Confucian culture and its potential positive impact on knowledge exchange and innovation. Through this exploration, the authors examine how a mixed methodology of coaching, wherein team coaching is deployed with internal coaches, can improve coachee's Positive Career Behaviors and as a result the socialisation of knowledge within the organisation. In exploring this dynamic the authors seek to raise awareness of the potential for coaching to address a number of issues within Nonaka's SECI model and to particularly focus on how team coaching may both increase organisational learning and opportunities for knowledge creation.
Determining Expected Utility and Entropy Ratio in the Expected Utility-Entropy Decision Model for Stock Selection Depending on Capital Market Development
Authors: Marasović Branka , Kalinić Tea , Jerković Ivana
Published: August 2020

Appropriate securities selection is an important step in formation of an investment portfolio. The expected utility-entropy (EU-E) decision-making model is one of the models that can be applied to investment portfolio stock selection. The decision-maker subjective preference is reflected by the expected utility, and the objective uncertainty is measured using Shannon entropy. In this model, the measure of risky action is the weighted linear average of expected utility and entropy using a risk tradeoff factor. This chapter tests whether tradeoff coefficient depends on capital market development. With this aim, EU-E model was applied on European Union (EU) capital markets with different development according to FTSE equity country classification. It tests whether the EU-E model applied to the three different capital markets gives the best stock selection results for the same tradeoff coefficient values, or whether tradeoff coefficient depends on capital market development.
Evaluating the Efficiency of Portfolio-Hedging Strategies by Incorporating Third Degree Stochastic Dominance Criteria and Data Envelopment Analysis
Authors: Gardijan Kedžo Margareta
Published: August 2020

The chapter investigates chosen hedging strategies with options as useful risk hedging instruments. Assuming that average investor prefers greater return, is risk-averse, and prefers greater positive skewness, the performance of different hedged and unhedged portfolios is evaluated using stochastic dominance (SD) criteria and data envelopment analysis (DEA). The SD is examined up to the third degree (TSD) using Davidson-Duclos (DD) test. In the DEA, a super efficiency BCC model is used. It is investigated how these two methodologies can be combined and how the TSD criteria can be integrated into DEA in order to simplify the analysis of determining efficient hedging strategies with options.
Predicting Equity Returns in Developed Markets
Authors: Günaydin A. Doruk
Published: August 2020

This chapter examines the relation between various firm-specific variables and the cross-section of equity returns in 26 developed countries. Univariate portfolio analyses using equal-weighted returns show that low beta, book-to-market equity, and momentum analysis are also priced in the cross-section of developed market returns, whereas short-term reversal and downside beta manifest themselves in the opposite direction. Univariate portfolio analysis based on value-weighted returns reveal that the predictive power of book-to-market equity and short-term reversal is driven by small stocks. Multivariate firm-level cross-sectional regression analysis document that momentum, short-term reversal, illiquidity, idiosyncratic volatility, hybrid tail risk, lower partial moment are related to expected stock returns. Overall, the most robust cross-sectional predictor in developed market is found to be return momentum.
Risk Behavior, Country Governance, and Bank Stability in Pakistan
Authors: Kamran Hafiz Waqas , Omran Abdelnaser
Published: August 2020

Keeping risk behavior and country governance in observation, this study has investigated the trends in financial stability for a sample of 22 commercial banks in Pakistan while controlling the effect of economic growth. Over the period of 2007 to 2016, the authors have applied OLS, FE, and RE regression methods to investigate which risk and governance factors are influencing the stability measures of the banks. It is found that financial stability in overall banks is affected by credit risk, operational risk, country risk, and financial crisis risk while control of corruption is also affecting ZROA in an adverse way.
Momentum Investing Across Different Asset Classes
Authors: Orlović Zrinka , Lovretin Golubić Zrinka , Zoričić Davor
Published: August 2020

Instead of traditionally looking at investing in different types of asset classes in order to exploit diversification effects, investors are turning to the underlying performance drivers built-in in many asset classes – factors. The intuition is that assets earn risk premiums because they are exposed to underlying risk factors. Factor models were developed as a simplification and continuation of diversification principle and mean-variance efficiency introduced by Harry Markowitz. This chapter will focus on one of the standard investment and cross section factors called momentum. It became very popular since 1993 when Jegadeesh and Titman documented that strategies that buying stocks that have performed well in the past and selling stocks that have performed poorly generate significant positive returns. This chapter aims to provide an introduction to factor models development and momentum effects on stock and bond markets – description of methodology and detailed literature overview.
Autoethnography and Other Self-Inquiry Methods for Practice-Based Doctoral Research
Authors: Lewis Crystal , Throne Robin
Published: August 2020

For some doctoral practitioner-researchers, the methods used within autoethnography and other self-inquiry-based research methods are appropriate for a practitioner dissertation as the phenomenon of inquiry is a central human, intrinsic, and experiential self-focused construct. The tenets of autoethnography and other self-as-subject research support the view that new knowledge can be discoverable from within the individual lived experience, and this chapter presents current trends and scholarship for the use of autoethnography and other self-inquiry research methods for practice-based doctoral research. The chapter also presents one case from a recent doctoral autoethnographer to illustrate the experience of a practice-based autoethnographic dissertation study within a practitioner doctoral program.
New Investigator Fidelity
Authors: Throne Robin
Published: August 2020

This chapter presents researcher positionality within the specific context of practitioner doctoral research or practice-based research. The explication of researcher positionality is an essential precursor to practitioner doctoral inquiry for scholar-practitioners and can serve as a key anchor and measure for the scholar-practitioner's journey as new investigator and entrance to the scholarly academic community. The chapter also describes how the use of reflexivity may enhance fidelity of researcher positionality within practice-based doctoral research that informs professional practice. In addition, considerations and illustrations are offered for the evaluation and articulation of researcher positionality within the practitioner doctoral research journey that draws on the insider-outsider role of the scholar-practitioner as new researcher and seasoned practitioner.
Practice-Based Educational Research
Authors: Garcia Roberto M.
Published: August 2020

Incoming PK12 general education teachers beginning their careers are not wanting to have individuals with intellectual disabilities in their classroom due to a lack of special education experience and knowledge. This practice-based qualitative narrative dissertation study explored student teacher individual perceptions and experiences on special education classroom behavior and inclusion for elementary public-school general education student teachers. The practice-based problem was the negative views pre-service K12 educators held for classroom inclusion and personal perceptions of individuals with intellectual disabilities. The study sample included 10 student teacher college students enrolled in one Texas early childhood program. Schlossberg's Transition Model was used as the practice-based conceptual framework and data were gathered from interviews and analyzed using Clandinin and Connelly's procedures for narrative analysis. The findings determined pre-service general education teachers are not always provided adequate inclusion training.
Theoretical Approach for Instrument Development in Measuring User-Perceived E-Government Service Quality
Authors: Al Balushi Taisira , Ali Saqib
Published: August 2020

The quality of e-government services plays a vital role in the effective interaction of users/citizens with e-government portals, and it also improves governments' efficiency and responsiveness as per users' expectations. The objective of this study is to develop an instrument to measure perceived e-government service quality by applying a three-steps approach for models validation; conceptualization, design, and normalization; it was validated with Oman e-government service users. In this article, eight main quality dimensions were studied and validated (personalization, usability, performance, web design, security, citizen involvement, satisfaction, and loyalty). The reported results emphasized the varying importance of all eight quality instruments, in addition to the higher impact of web design and security on e-government services in the context of the Oman e-government.
A Distance-Window Approach for the Continuous Processing of Spatial Data Streams
Authors: Shaikh Salman Ahmed , Matono Akiyoshi , Kim Kyoung-Sook
Published: August 2020

Real-time and continuous processing of citywide spatial data is an essential requirement of smart cities to guarantee the delivery of basic life necessities to its residents and to maintain law and order. To support real-time continuous processing of data streams, continuous queries (CQs) are used. CQs utilize windows to split the unbounded data streams into finite sets or windows. Existing stream processing engines either support time-based or count-based windows. However, these are not much useful for the spatial streams containing the trajectories of moving objects. Hence, this paper presents a distance-window based approach for the processing of spatial data streams, where the unbounded streams can be split with respect to the trajectory length. Since the window operation involves repeated computation, this work presents two incremental distance-based window approaches to avoid the repetition. A detailed experimental evaluation is presented to prove the effectiveness of the proposed incremental distance-based windows.
Lifelog Moment Retrieval With Interactive Watershed-Based Clustering and Hierarchical Similarity Search
Authors: Phan Trong-Dat , Dao Minh-Son , Zettsu Koji
Published: August 2020

Recently, the “lifelogging” and “lifelog” terminologies are frequently used to represent the activity of continuously recording people's everyday experiences, and the dataset contained these recorded experiences, respectively. Hence, providing an excellent tool to retrieve life moments from lifelogs to fast and accurately bring a memory back to a human when required, has become a challenging but exciting task for researchers. In this paper, a new method to meet this challenge by utilizing the hypothesis that “a sequence of images taken during a specific period can share the same context and content” is introduced. This manuscript per the authors introduces a new system to overcome the drawbacks. The experimental results confirm the high productivity of the proposed method in both stable and accuracy aspects as well as the advantage of having an interactive schema to push the accuracy when there is a conflict between a query and how to interpret such a query. Especially, this system requires only a few interactive steps to retrieve relevant images with high accuracy completely.
Mining Software Repositories for Revision Age-Based Co-Change Probability Prediction
Authors: Agrawal Anushree , Singh R. K.
Published: August 2020

Changeability is an important aspect of software maintenance and helps in better planning of development and testing resources. Early detection of change-prone entities is beneficial in terms of both time and money and helps to estimate and meet deadlines reliably. Co-change prediction identifies the affected entities when implementing a change in the software system. Recent researches recommend the use of revision history for the identification of co-changed artifacts. However, very few studies are available for investigation of the effect of history size and age on prediction results. This manuscript studies the effect of age of change history on co-change prediction results in software applications by varying the weightage of change commits with time. ROC analysis is done to study the accuracy of the proposed approach, and the results indicate that the older change commits have lower significance in deriving the changeability pattern. The derived change impact set will be useful for software practitioners in change implementation and selective regression testing.
Code Clone Detection Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Kaur Amandeep , Sharma Sandeep , Saini Munish
Published: August 2020

Code clone refers to code snippets that are copied and pasted with or without modifications. In recent years, traditional approaches for clone detection combine with other domains for better detection of a clone. This paper discusses the systematic literature review of machine learning techniques used in code clone detection. This study provides insights into various tools and techniques developed for clone detection by implementing machine learning approaches and how effectively those tools and techniques to identify clones. The authors perform a systematic literature review on studies selected from popular computer science-related digital online databases from January 2004 to January 2020. The software system and datasets used for analyzing tools and techniques are mentioned. A neural network machine learning technique is primarily used for the identification of the clone. Clone detection based on a program dependency graph must be explored in the future because it carries semantic information of code fragments.
State of Digital Economy in Asia-Pacific Region
Authors: Maji Sumit Kumar , Laha Arindam
Published: August 2020

The paper seeks to examine the cross-country variation in the state of digital economy in Asia-Pacific region. In addition, this paper also identifies the role played by the digital skill in fostering the development of the digital economy in the Asia-Pacific region using secondary data of 43 Asia-Pacific countries over 2012 to 2017. K-means clustering approach and panel regression method were used for the purpose of analysis of data. The outcome of the study revealed stark variations in use, access, and overall digital economy amongst the Asia-Pacific countries signifying the prevalence of digital inequality. The findings of the study highlighted that secondary and tertiary education as the proxies of digital skill exerted significant positive effect on the development of digital economy. However, the effect of tertiary education was found to be stronger than that of the secondary education. The outcome of the study also identified income level to be affecting the development digital economy.
Training Load, Injury Burden, and Team Success in Professional Rugby Union: Risk Versus Reward
Authors: West Stephen W. , Williams Sean , Kemp Simon P.T. , Eager Robin , Cross Matthew J. , Stokes Keith A.
Published: August 2020

Context

Individual and team injury burden and performance are 2 key considerations facing practitioners in the daily prescription of an athlete's training load. Whereas a considerable number of researchers have examined univariate relationships between training load and performance, training load and injury, or injury and performance, few investigators have examined all 3 concurrently.

Objective

To assess the association among training load, injury burden, and performance in professional rugby union.

Design

Descriptive epidemiology study.

Setting

The English Premiership competition.

Patients or Other Participants

Individual injury and training load data, as well as team performance data, were captured during the 2015–2016 (n = 433 players) and 2016–2017 (n = 569 players) seasons.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Data were aggregated into team average scores for each week, including weekly (acute) load, smoothed chronic load, changes in load, injury burden, and weekly performance. Linear mixed modelling techniques were used to assess the association among measures.

Results

Injury burden was negatively associated with performance, with a high weekly burden associated with a likely harmful (P = .01) decrease in performance. Training load measures displayed only trivial associations with performance. Only the acute:chronic workload ratio measure was clearly associated with injury burden, with a possibly harmful effect (P = .02). Both squad size and player availability were associated with only trivial changes in performance.

Conclusions

Whereas no association between average training load and performance existed, associations between training load and injury burden and between injury burden and performance were clear. Further investigation using more sensitive and individualized measures of load, performance, and injury may elicit a clearer relationship and should be considered for future work.
Influence of State-Level Emergency Planning Policy Requirements on Secondary School Adoption
Authors: Scarneo-Miller Samantha E. , Kerr Zachary Y. , Adams William M. , Belval Luke N. , Casa Douglas J.
Published: August 2020

Context

Emergency action plans (EAPs) are a critical component in the management of catastrophic sport-related injury. Some state high school athletics associations and state legislation have required that schools develop EAPs, but little research exists on the influence of a statewide policy requirement on local adoption of these policies.

Objective

To examine the efficacy of a statewide policy requirement on local adoption of an EAP.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Online questionnaire.

Patients or Other Participants

Secondary school athletic trainers were invited to complete a survey (n = 9642); 1136 completed the survey, yielding an 11.7% response rate.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Survey responses on the adoption of EAPs along with cardiopulmonary resuscitation and automated external defibrillator (CPR/AED) requirements were cross-referenced with published statewide policies to determine the prevalence of EAP adoption. We evaluated the adoption of emergency action plan components based on the National Athletic Trainers' Association's emergency planning position statement along with CPR/AED requirements to determine component-specific prevalence. We compared the prevalence of EAP and component adoption between states that required EAPs and specific components of EAPs and states without such requirements.

Results

Athletic trainers in states that required adoption of an EAP reported including more components of the emergency planning position statement (mean = 8 ± 4, median = 9) than in states without a requirement (mean = 7 ± 4, median = 8). The adoption of EAP components did not differ between states that required specific components of the EAP versus development of the EAP only. However, schools in states with both EAP and CPR/AED training requirements reported higher rates of CPR/AED training implementation (95.5%) than states that only required CPR/AED training (81.6%, prevalence ratio = 1.10, 95% confidence interval = 1.01, 1.20).

Conclusions

Based on these data, statewide policy requirements for the development of an EAP may be associated with increasing adoption of EAPs.
A revisit on the compactness of commutators
Authors: Guo Weichao , Wu Huoxiong , Yang Dongyong
Published: August 2020

A new characterization of$\text {CMO}(\mathbb R^n)$is established replying upon local mean oscillations. Some characterizations of iterated compact commutators on weighted Lebesgue spaces are given, which are new even in the unweighted setting for the first order commutators.
Some results on Ricci-Bourguignon solitons and almost solitons
Authors: Dwivedi Shubham
Published: August 2020

We prove some results for the solitons of the Ricci–Bourguignon flow, generalizing the corresponding results for Ricci solitons. Taking motivation from Ricci almost solitons, we then introduce the notion of Ricci–Bourguignon almost solitons and prove some results about them that generalize previous results for Ricci almost solitons. We also derive integral formulas for compact gradient Ricci–Bourguignon solitons and compact gradient Ricci–Bourguignon almost solitons. Finally, using the integral formula, we show that a compact gradient Ricci–Bourguignon almost soliton is isometric to a Euclidean sphere if it has constant scalar curvature or its associated vector field is conformal.
An attempt of semantic analysis of the predicate “to rent”
Authors: Petrova G. V.
Published: August 2020

The present article analyses the predicates of the “repentance” semantic field (arrependimento m, arrepender-se vr, estar arrependido) in Portuguese. Predicates of repentance describe emotional state with negative evaluation, the cause of which is in the past. The cause may describe actions, intentional acts and emotional states of the same subject only, and is conveyed in syntaxes by a noun or a proposition. Predicate of repentance is included into a “history” of human relationships, which has the causality of its own. Predicates of repentance may carry a seme of limitation (beginning), they are not dispositional, neither can they be graduated. The emotional state of repentance seldom manifests itself and is uncontrollable. The subject of repentance is passive. If the subject is active, and semes demonstrate controllability, the verbs change their meaning and switch into the domain of intentional predicates or predicates of behavior (action).
”The skill to see surprising things in the ordinary”
Authors: Tsareva N. I.
Published: August 2020

The article is dedicated to the scientific, pedagogical and social activity of the distinguished Spanish linguist, member of the Spanish Royal Academy and of the European Academy, Ignacio Bosque. A considerable part of the article is devoted to the analysis of Bosque’s views on problems connected with the display of linguistic sexism.
The foreign activities of the government of M. Rajoy
Authors: Anikeeva N. E.
Published: August 2020

The paper analyzes the foreign policy of Spain of the period of government of Mariano Rajoy (from 2011 to the present time). European integration still remains the main strategic task of the spanish foreign policy. Spain increases it’s role in world politics and obtains a non-permanent UN’ s Security Council seat for the 2015-2016 term.
«Black» immigration in Spain
Authors: Korzhukova E. S.
Published: August 2020

The article deals with the problem of illegal immigration to Spain mainly from subSaharan Africa. It provides an overall perspective of the phenomenon in terms of its origin, development, stimulating factors. «Black» immigration is seen as an internal problem of the state and the phenomenon of international scope. Representatives of different political forces and social movements consider the problem in ambiguous way and there are different ways to solve it, but the question remains open.
Review of the monographic study: M. Larionova «Spanish journalistic discourse: information or manipulation?» – M.: MGIMO-University, Series: Science school of MGIMO University, 2015
Authors: Zenenko N. V.
Published: August 2020

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Russia and Spain during the Great War (1914–1918)
Authors: Cherniavsky S. I.
Published: August 2020

The article is devoted to cooperation between Russia and Spain to assist deported Russian citizen and prisoners of war in 1914–1918.
Teaching strategies in language classes
Authors: Palenzuela Pérez M. del M. , Murashkina O.
Published: August 2020

Because of the diversity in the classroom, the teacher should develop a series of strategies that allow you to transmit knowledge effectively. Teaching is difficult, even more, in second language classroom, where in addition to the student´s individual differences, such as cognitive styles, motivation and self-esteem, are added others, such as nationality, age or mother tongue.This paper describes the role of the teacher in the classroom and the teaching strategies implemented in the classroom in a context of formal education. Strategies have been developed from the precepts postulated by the theory of multiple intelligences.
The financial arrangements in Latin America to contribute to the shock resistance of member countries
Authors: Khmelevskaya N. G.
Published: August 2020

The article focuses on financial arrangements and schemes in Latin America insofar they may help countries cope with external vulnerability in trade and capital markets. The Latin America Reserve Fund (FLAR) has been created to cushion liquidity in case of sudden stops in capital flows and trade deficit. The SICAP-ALADI, SUCRE and Mercosur SML are designed to mitigated exchange rate shocks. To strengthen national systems is the common target for these arrangements. Hereof, they sustain business activity and promote growth and structural reforms. To be more pertinent to member-states needs and able to react fast to credit crunches or price movements these institutions have wide scope of instruments.