bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fertilizing with composted cattle manure to meet agro-environmental targets in continuous corn and corn–soybean agroecosystems in southern Quebec
Authors: Elmi Abdirashid , Jiao You , Benslim Hicham , Mawof Ali , Prasher Shiv O. , Whalen Joann K.
Published: April 2021

Balancing nutrient inputs from manure and supplemental inorganic fertilizers with crop requirements should achieve crop yield goals and agro-environmental targets. We asked if composted dairy cattle manure, alone or in combination with inorganic fertilizers, could sustain the corn and soybean yields, without increasing the residual soil nitrogen (N) and soil phosphorus (P) saturation of a sandy-loam soil in southern Quebec, Canada. Cropping systems were continuous silage corn and corn–soybean rotation, with each phase of the rotation grown every year, for 5 yr. Cropping systems were amended with compost at rates of 0, 15, 30, and 45 Mg (wet weight)·ha−1, and they received supplemental inorganic fertilizer to supply 200 kg N·ha−1·yr−1 to corn while assuring that corn and soybean received 45 kg P·ha−1·yr−1 and 125 kg potassium (K)·ha−1·yr−1 from compost and inorganic fertilizer. Crop yields were similar in compost-amended and inorganically fertilized plots. Corn yield was limited by N availability, and there was no P or K limitation in corn and soybean. Soil P saturation in the 0–15 cm layer exceeded the agro-environmental limit of 13.1% P/Al for a sandy-loam soil in Quebec, indicating that the P input exceeded crop uptake. Residual soil N concentration was affected more by the crop than the fertilizer source, with greater residual soil N in plots with higher grain production. Crop-induced priming can explain how N fertilizer cycles through the soil microbial community and is gradually mineralized during the growing season, and why crop senescence may trigger residual soil N release after harvest.
The value of paleolimnology in reconstructing and managing ecosystem vulnerability: a systematic map
Authors: Watson Victoria Theresa , Medeiros Andrew Scott
Published: April 2021

Vulnerability can measure an ecosystem’s susceptibility to change as a result of pressure or disturbance, but can be difficult to quantify. Reconstructions of past climate using paleolimnological methods can create a baseline to calibrate future projections of vulnerability, which can improve ecosystem management and conservation plans. Here, we conduct a systematic map to analyze the range and extent that paleolimnological published studies incorporated the concept of vulnerability. Additional themes of monitoring, management, conservation, restoration, or ecological integrity were also included. A total of 52 relevant unique articles were found, a majority of which were conducted in Europe or North America since 2011. Common themes identified included management and adaptation, with the latter heavily focussed on climate change or disturbance. From this, we can infer that the use of paleolimnology to discuss the concept of vulnerability is an emerging field. We argue that paleolimnology plays a valid role in the reconstruction of ecosystem vulnerability due to its capacity to broaden the scope of long-term monitoring, as well as its potential to help establish management and restoration plans. The use of paleolimnology in vulnerability analysis will provide a clearer lens of changes over time; therefore, it should be frequently implemented as a tool for vulnerability assessment.
Integration of Kalman filter in the epidemiological model: A robust approach to predict COVID-19 outbreak in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Md. Shariful , Hoque Md. Enamul , Amin Mohammad Ruhul
Published: April 2021

As one of the most densely populated countries in the world, Bangladesh has been trying to contain the impact of a pandemic like coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) since March, 2020. Although government announced an array of restricted measures to slow down the diffusion in the beginning of the pandemic, the lockdown has been lifted gradually by reopening all the industries, markets and offices with a notable exception of educational institutes. As the physical geography of Bangladesh is highly variable across the largest delta, the population of different regions and their lifestyle also differ in the country. Thus, to get the real scenario of the current pandemic and a possible second wave of COVID-19 transmission across Bangladesh, it is essential to analyze the transmission dynamics over the individual districts. In this paper, we propose to integrate the Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) with classic SIRD model to explain the epidemic evolution of individual districts in the country. We show that UKF-SIRD model results in a robust prediction of the transmission dynamics for 1–4 months. Then we apply the robust UKF-SIRD model over different regions in Bangladesh to estimates the course of the epidemic. Our analysis demonstrates that in addition to the densely populated areas, industrial areas and popular tourist spots will be in the risk of higher COVID-19 transmission if a second wave of COVID-19 occurs in the country. In the light of these outcomes, we also provide a set of suggestions to contain the future pandemic in Bangladesh.
Colorectal Cancer, Gut Microbiota and Traditional Chinese Medicine: A Systematic Review
Authors: Zhao Hui , He Man , Zhang Meng , Sun Qiang , Zeng Sha , Chen Li , Yang Han , Liu Maolun , Ren Shan , Meng Xianli , Xu Haibo
Published: April 2021

Based on the study and research on the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer, the types and functions of gut microbiota, and its role in guiding and regulating the occurrence and development of diseases, we have explored the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of colorectal cancer by regulating the gut microbiota. Genetic variation, abnormal responses of innate and adaptive immunity, mucosal barrier dysfunction, imbalance of intestinal microbial colonization, personal and environmental risk factors are the main pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. The gut microbiota mainly includes Sclerotium (including Clostridium, Enterococcus, Lactobacillus and Ruminococcus) and Bacteroides (including Bacteroides and Prevotella), which have biological antagonism, nutrition for the organism, metabolic abilities, immune stimulation, and ability to shape cancer genes functions to body. The gut microbiota can be related to the health of the host. Current studies have shown that Chinese herbal compound, single medicinal materials, and monomer components can treat colorectal cancer by regulating the gut microbiota, such as Xiaoyaosan can increase the abundance of Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, and Proteus and decrease the abundance of Desulfovibrio and Rickerella. Therefore, studying the regulation and mechanism of gut microbiota on colorectal cancer is of great benefit to disease treatment.
Ziyuglycoside I Upregulates RUNX2 through ERK1/2 in Promoting Osteoblast Differentiation and Bone Mineralization
Authors: Park Kyung-Ran , Lee Joon Yeop , Cho MyoungLae , Yun Hyung-Mun
Published: April 2021

Sanguisorba officinalis L. (Rosaceae) is a perennial herbaceous plant and its roots have been used as an important traditional medicine for over 2000 years. Ziyuglycoside I (Ziyu), an active compound isolated from the roots of S. officinalis L., has shown biological effects such as anti-oxidant, antiviral, and antiwrinkle activities. This study aimed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action of Ziyu on cytotoxicity, migration, and differentiation of pre-osteoblasts. Herein, at concentrations ranging from 1 to 100 [Formula: see text]M, Ziyu was not cytotoxic against pre-osteoblasts. Alkaline phosphatase activity assay and staining, and migration assay showed that Ziyu increased cell migration and promoted early osteoblast differentiation, followed by the enhancement of mineralized nodule formation in a dose-dependent manner, as indicated by Alizarin Red S staining. In addition, Ziyu increased the protein levels of runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) during osteoblast differentiation, whereas it did not affect the phosphorylation of Smad1/5/8 and GSK3b and expression of [Formula: see text]-catenin. Ziyu also activated ERK1/2 and mitogen-activated protein kinase during osteoblast differentiation, and ERK1/2 inhibitor attenuated Ziyu-mediated RUNX2 expression and nuclear accumulation. Furthermore, Ziyu-mediated early and late osteoblast differentiation was significantly suppressed by the inhibition of ERK1/2, which was accompanied by attenuation in the mRNA levels of osteoblast-related genes including bone sialoprotein, osteopontin, and osteocalcin. Taken together, the findings of this study provide evidence that Ziyu promotes cell migration, osteoblast differentiation, and bone mineralization and suggest a potential role for Ziyu in the treatment of bone diseases.
Panax notoginseng Saponins Modulate the Inflammatory Response and Improve IBD-Like Symptoms via TLR/NF-κB and MAPK Signaling Pathways
Authors: Luo Hua , Vong Chi Teng , Tan Dechao , Zhang Jinming , Yu Hua , Yang Lin , Zhang Chen , Luo Chun , Zhong Zhangfeng , Wang Yitao
Published: April 2021

Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) are the main active ingredients of Panax notoginseng (Burk) F. H. Chen, which are used as traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years and have various clinical effects, including anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, and cardiovascular protection. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex gastrointestinal inflammatory disease that cannot be cured completely nowadays. The anti-inflammatory and protective effects of PNS were analyzed in vitro and in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model. PNS inhibited the release of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-[Formula: see text] (TNF-[Formula: see text], interleukin-6 (IL-6), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in Pam3CSK4-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. In the animal study, compared with DSS-induced mice, PNS reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-[Formula: see text], IL-6, and MCP-1) in the colon tissues. Furthermore, PNS treatment led to a remarkable reduction in the activation of the inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase [Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text] (IKK[Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text], I[Formula: see text]B[Formula: see text] and p65 induced by DSS. On the other hand, PNS inhibited the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38, and extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2). Taken together, our results suggested that PNS conferred profound protection for colitis mice through the downregulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and NF-[Formula: see text]B signaling pathways, which were associated with reducing inflammatory responses, alleviating tissue damage, and maintaining of intestinal integrity and functionality.
Identification of Chemical Compounds from Artemisia gmelinii using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS and their Regulatory Effects on Immune Responses in DSS-Induced Colitis Mice
Authors: Son Yang-Ju , Shin Ji Min , Ha In Jin , Erdenebileg Saruul , Jung Da Seul , Kim Young Sik , Kim Sang Min , Nho Chu Won
Published: April 2021

Artemisia gmelinii Web. ex Stechm. (AG), a popular medicinal herb in Asia, has been used as a common food ingredient in Korea and is traditionally known for its anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate whether AG relieves IBD, a classic chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. We identified 35 chemical compounds in AG ethanol extract using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. In mice with DSS-induced IBD, AG administration attenuated the disease activity index and the serum and colonic levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. AG treatment decreased nuclear factor-[Formula: see text]B (NF-[Formula: see text]B) signaling, a key mediator of inflammation, in the mouse colons. Additionally, AG extract enhanced immune responses in lymphoid tissues such as spleen and Peyer’s patches. Thus, AG consumption potently ameliorated IBD symptoms and improved immune signaling in lymphoid tissues.
Geodesic study of spherically symmetric black holes in Palatini-type gravity
Authors: Iftikhar Sehrish , Saeed Fizza
Published: April 2021

This paper probes the geodesic structure of spherically symmetric charged black holes using modified theory of gravity. We explore the geodesic structures of different black holes in the background of Palatini [Formula: see text] theory as well as Eddington-inspired Born–Infeld gravity. We have examined the stability of orbits with the analysis of effective potential. The impacts of modified gravity on particle dynamics specially the circular orbits, the deflection angle and trajectory followed by lightlike as well as for timelike particles are scrutinized. We find that the orbits are more stable for the large values of charge and Born–Infeld parameter.
Interplay of Coulomb and symmetry potential in peak fragment production in asymmetric collisions
Authors: Sharma Sakshi , Kumar Rohit , Gautam Sakshi , Puri Rajeev K.
Published: April 2021

Role of the nuclear symmetry potential and Coulomb potential is explored on the peak energy of intermediate mass fragments ([Formula: see text]) and on peak multiplicity ([Formula: see text]) and their dependence on mass asymmetry of the reaction is also investigated. The calculations are done using Isospin-dependent Quantum Molecular Dynamics (IQMD) model. We also showed that the momentum-dependent interactions have uniform effects of [Formula: see text] and these effects are independent of mass asymmetry of the reaction. Further, we see that isospin effects that enter through the Coulomb and symmetry potential show much significant role as one increases the mass asymmetry of reaction. Mass asymmetric reactions thus serve a sensitive tool to investigate the nuclear symmetry energy effects.
Running’ under tight constraints in pionless effective field theory
Authors: Lü Jun-Jun , Yang Ji-Feng
Published: April 2021

The contents of renormalization group invariance and equations under tight constraints are explored and demonstrated with closed-form on-shell [Formula: see text] matrices of pionless effective field theory for nuclear forces right within the effective field theory philosophy. The ‘running’ couplings under such tight constraints are presented in [Formula: see text] and uncoupled [Formula: see text] channels up to truncation order [Formula: see text]. Some linear relations are exposed and in turn employed in the pursuit of nonperturbative ‘running’ solutions which serves as an alternative choice without resorting to special prescription and additional operations or treatments. The utility of such ‘running’ behaviors inherent in the closed-form [Formula: see text]-matrices of pionless effective field theory is remarked and a number of important issues related to effective field theory constructed with various truncations are interpreted or discussed from the underlying theory perspective.
Research of beam matching on RFQ for CADS proton linac
Authors: Wang Chao , Dou Weiping , Wang Zhijun , Feng Chi , Wang Wangsheng , Chen Weilong , Jia Yongzhi , Liu Shuhui , He Yuan , Qin Yuanshuai , Tao Yue
Published: April 2021

For a high-power Radio Frequency quadrupole (RFQ) accelerator, it is often necessary to design a large acceptance to decrease the beam loss inside the RFQ cavity. This could allow a mismatched beam to transmit to downstream cavities, which causes beam loss along the downstream linac. Finding the matching condition of beam and RFQ is of great significance. The matching point of RFQ can be confirmed by measuring the emittance at the upstream and downstream of RFQ, which takes a long time, so the transmission efficiency scanning method is supposed to find. This paper compares the relationship among emittance, transmission efficiency, and matching point on CADS[Formula: see text] RFQ. The results show that the weighted average point of high transmission efficiency could be regarded as the matching point of RFQ. This conclusion can be widely used in beam commissioning, and the Transmission Efficiency Scanning-matching (TESM) code has been developed on other RFQs.
Surface pencil pair interpolating Bertrand pair as common asymptotic curves in Galilean space G3
Authors: Jiang Xinyu , Jiang Ping , Meng Jing , Wang Kai
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we derive the necessary and sufficient conditions of surface pencil pair interpolating Bertrand pair as common asymptotic curves in Galilean space G3. Moreover, the conclusion to ruled surface pencil pair is also obtained. And the examples are given to confirm that the proposed methods are effective in product manufacturing by adjusting the shapes of the surface pencil pair.
Positive scalar curvature on simply connected spin pseudomanifolds
Authors: Botvinnik Boris , Piazza Paolo , Rosenberg Jonathan
Published: April 2021

Let [Formula: see text] be an [Formula: see text]-dimensional Thom–Mather stratified space of depth [Formula: see text]. We denote by [Formula: see text] the singular locus and by [Formula: see text] the associated link. In this paper, we study the problem of when such a space can be endowed with a wedge metric of positive scalar curvature. We relate this problem to recent work on index theory on stratified spaces, giving first an obstruction to the existence of such a metric in terms of a wedge [Formula: see text]-class [Formula: see text]. In order to establish a sufficient condition, we need to assume additional structure: we assume that the link of [Formula: see text] is a homogeneous space of positive scalar curvature, [Formula: see text], where the semisimple compact Lie group [Formula: see text] acts transitively on [Formula: see text] by isometries. Examples of such manifolds include compact semisimple Lie groups and Riemannian symmetric spaces of compact type. Under these assumptions, when [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are spin, we reinterpret our obstruction in terms of two [Formula: see text]-classes associated to the resolution of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and to the singular locus [Formula: see text]. Finally, when [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are simply connected and [Formula: see text] is big enough, and when some other conditions on [Formula: see text] (satisfied in a large number of cases) hold, we establish the main result of this paper, showing that the vanishing of these two [Formula: see text]-classes is also sufficient for the existence of a well-adapted wedge metric of positive scalar curvature.
On Kalton’s interlaced graphs and nonlinear embeddings into dual Banach spaces
Authors: Braga Bruno de Mendonça , Lancien Gilles , Petitjean Colin , Procházka Antonín
Published: April 2021

We study the nonlinear embeddability of Banach spaces and the equi-embeddability of the family of Kalton’s interlaced graphs [Formula: see text] into dual spaces. Notably, we define and study a modification of Kalton’s property [Formula: see text] that we call property [Formula: see text] (with [Formula: see text]). We show that if [Formula: see text] equi-coarse Lipschitzly embeds into [Formula: see text], then the Szlenk index of [Formula: see text] is greater than [Formula: see text], and that this is optimal, i.e. there exists a separable dual space [Formula: see text] that contains [Formula: see text] equi-Lipschitzly and so that [Formula: see text] has Szlenk index [Formula: see text]. We prove that [Formula: see text] does not coarse Lipschitzly embed into a separable dual space by a map with distortion strictly smaller than [Formula: see text]. We also show that neither [Formula: see text] nor [Formula: see text] coarsely embeds into a separable dual by a weak-to-weak[Formula: see text] sequentially continuous map.
Service-Oriented Architecture: A Review of State-of-the-Art Literature From an Organizational Perspective
Authors: Bohloul Seyed Mahdi
Published: April 2021

Over the past two decades, the topic of service-oriented architecture (SOA) has attracted considerable attention among researchers and practitioners. Despite a lot of efforts to study it from different points of view (mostly from a technological perspective), little is done to develop our understanding of SOA from an organizational perspective. Therefore, this study aims at reviewing the literature on SOA from an organizational point of view. To this end, 65 journal papers (published between 2005 and 2020) were selected from different electronic databases for study. After a careful review of selected papers, four distinct categories of research themes were identified: SOA adoption, implementation, governance, and organizational impacts and applications. Moreover, major factors influencing SOA adoption as well as potential areas of impact of SOA in firms were determined.
Simultaneous Image Reconstruction and Feature Learning with 3D-CNNs for Image Set–Based Classification
Authors: Zhang Xinyu , Li Xiaocui , Jing Xiao-Yuan , Cheng Li
Published: April 2021

Image set–based classification has attracted substantial research interest because of its broad applications. Recently, lots of methods based on feature learning or dictionary learning have been developed to solve this problem, and some of them have made gratifying achievements. However, most of them transform the image set into a 2D matrix or use 2D convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for feature learning, so the spatial and temporal information is missing. At the same time, these methods extract features from original images in which there may exist huge intra-class diversity. To explore a possible solution to these issues, we propose a simultaneous image reconstruction with deep learning and feature learning with 3D-CNNs (SIRFL) for image set classification. The proposed SIRFL approach consists of a deep image reconstruction network and a 3D-CNN-based feature learning network. The deep image reconstruction network is used to reduce the diversity of images from the same set, and the feature learning network can effectively retain spatial and temporal information by using 3D-CNNs. Extensive experimental results on five widely used datasets show that our SIRFL approach is a strong competitor for the state-of-the-art image set classification methods.
Multi-user Remote Lab: Timetable Scheduling Using Simplex Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Zandavi Seid Miad , Chung Vera , Anaissi Ali
Published: April 2021

The scheduling of multi-user remote laboratories is modeled as a multimodal function for the proposed optimization algorithm. The hybrid optimization algorithm, hybridization of the Nelder-Mead Simplex algorithm, and Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA), named Simplex Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (SNSGA), is proposed to optimize the timetable problem for the remote laboratories to coordinate shared access. The proposed algorithm utilizes the Simplex algorithm in terms of exploration and NSGA for sorting local optimum points with consideration of potential areas. SNSGA is applied to difficult nonlinear continuous multimodal functions, and its performance is compared with hybrid Simplex Particle Swarm Optimization, Simplex Genetic Algorithm, and other heuristic algorithms. The results show that SNSGA has a competitive performance to address timetable problems.
Multi-granularity Deep Local Representations for Irregular Scene Text Recognition
Authors: Gao Hongchao , Li Yujia , Dai Jiao , Wang Xi , Han Jizhong , Li Ruixuan
Published: April 2021

Recognizing irregular text from natural scene images is challenging due to the unconstrained appearance of text, such as curvature, orientation, and distortion. Recent recognition networks regard this task as a text sequence labeling problem and most networks capture the sequence only from a single-granularity visual representation, which to some extent limits the performance of recognition. In this article, we propose a hierarchical attention network to capture multi-granularity deep local representations for recognizing irregular scene text. It consists of several hierarchical attention blocks, and each block contains a Local Visual Representation Module (LVRM) and a Decoder Module (DM). Based on the hierarchical attention network, we propose a scene text recognition network. The extensive experiments show that our proposed network achieves the state-of-the-art performance on several benchmark datasets including IIIT-5K, SVT, CUTE, SVT-Perspective, and ICDAR datasets under shorter training time.
Effects of ketamine analgesia on cardiorespiratory responses and survival to trauma and hemorrhage in rats
Authors: Klemcke Harold G. , Calderon Mariam L. , Crimmins Stephen L. , Ryan Kathy L. , Xiang Lusha , Hinojosa-Laborde Carmen
Published: April 2021

Ketamine administration at a dose shown to alleviate pain in nonhemorrhaged rats with extremity trauma had only modest and transient effects on multiple aspects of cardiorespiratory function after both moderate (37%) and severe (50%) traumatic hemorrhages. Such effects did not alter survival.
Regional and interindividual relationships between cerebral perfusion and oxygen metabolism
Authors: Henriksen Otto M. , Gjedde Albert , Vang Kim , Law Ian , Aanerud Joel , Rostrup Egill
Published: April 2021

Using quantitative PET-measurements in healthy human subjects, we confirmed a regional association of CBF and CMRO2, but did not find an association of these values across subjects. This suggests that subjects have an individual coupling between perfusion and metabolism and shows that absolute perfusion measurements does not serve as a surrogate measure of individual measures of oxygen metabolism. The analysis further showed smaller, but significant regional differences of oxygen extraction fraction at rest.
Modeling and Optimization of Pulling Point Position of Luffing Jib on Portal Crane
Authors: Jiao Qianqian , Qin Yixiao , Han Yuehuang , Gu Jinpeng
Published: April 2021

Portal crane is the most commonly used equipment for cargo handling of large mixed loading ships with its advantages of flexible and convenient operation, wide adaptability, and high loading and unloading efficiency. The reasonable modeling and optimization of the pulling point position of luffing jib of portal crane can reduce the rack force of portal crane and the power consumption output of the rack and pinion during the luffing process. Based on penalty function optimization, the interior point method is used to optimize the pulling point position of luffing jib. Compared with the initial design, the race force of the luffing jib is reduced to a certain extent. In addition, the consistency between the finite element analysis results and the optimization results can be verified, and the effectiveness of the optimization design is also proved through the finite element analysis of portal crane.
High‐Accuracy Real‐Time Fish Detection Based on Self‐Build Dataset and RIRD‐YOLOv3
Authors: Wang Wenkai , He Bingwei , Zhang Liwei
Published: April 2021

To better detect fish in an aquaculture environment, a high‐accuracy real‐time detection model is proposed. An experimental dataset was collected for fish detection in laboratory aquaculture environments using remotely operated vehicles. To overcome the inaccuracy of the You Only Look Once v3 (YOLOv3) algorithm in underwater farming environment, a suitable set of hyperparameters was obtained through multiple sets of experiments. Then, a real‐time image recovery algorithm is applied before YOLOv3 to reduce the effects of both noise and light on images whilst keeping the real‐time capability, leading to a mean average precision of 0.85 and frame rate of 17.6 fps, respectively. Finally, compared with the base detection model using only the YOLOv3 algorithm, the enhanced detection model presented results in a reduction of miss detection rate from 23% to only 9% across different environments and with the detection accuracy of the target in different environments being improved from 8% to 37%.
A Multidimensional Data Flow Driven-Based Quality Fluctuation Evaluation for Manufacturing Process
Authors: Hu Sheng , Dong Bochao
Published: April 2021

Real-time evaluation quality fluctuation is an important way to ensure product quality in manufacturing process. This study proposes a multidimensional data flow driven-based quality fluctuation evaluation. Firstly, the multidimensional decomposition and transition mode analysis is carried out to reveal the essence of quality fluctuation. Then, the technique uses hierarchical network architecture to model the process, and quality fluctuation network is built to track fluctuation evolution trend; then, the node relative entropy measure is defined to statistically analyze the change of net-node state fluctuation. Finally, a case study is used to verify the proposed quality fluctuation evaluation approach.
Study of Characteristics of Fault Slip and Induced Seismicity during Hydraulic Fracturing in HDR Geothermal Exploitation in the Yishu Fault Zone in China
Authors: Niu Zhiyong , Wang Shiquan , Ma Hongrui , Luan Hengjie , Ding Zhouyuyan
Published: April 2021

Hot dry rock (HDR) geothermal energy has become promising resources for relieving the energy crisis and global warming. The exploitation of HDR geothermal energy usually needs an enhanced geothermal system (EGS) with artificial fracture networks by hydraulic fracturing. Fault reactivation and seismicity induced by hydraulic fracturing raise a great challenge. In this paper, we investigated the characteristics of fault slip and seismicity by numerical simulation. The study was based on a hydraulic fracturing project in the geothermal field of Yishu fault zone in China. It revealed that fluid injection during hydraulic fracturing can cause the faults that exist beyond the fluid-pressurized region to slip and can even induce large seismic event. It was easier to cause felt earthquakes when hydraulic fracturing was carried out in different layers simultaneously. We also examined the effects of the location, permeability, and area of the fracturing region on fault slip and magnitude of the resulting events. The results of the study can provide some useful references for establishing HDR EGS in Yishu fault zone.
Dynamics Analysis and Fractional-Order Approximate Entropy of Nonlinear Inventory Management Systems
Authors: Lei Tengfei , Li Rita Yi Man , Fu Haiyan
Published: April 2021

Inventory management is complex nonlinear systems that are affected by various external factors, including course human action and policy. We study the inventory management model under special circumstances and analyse the equilibrium point of the system. The dynamics of the system is analysed by means of the eigenvalue trajectory, bifurcations, chaotic attractor, and largest Lyapunov exponent diagram. At the same time, according to the definition of fractional calculus, the fractional approximate entropy is used to analyse the system, and the results are consistent with those of the largest Lyapunov exponent diagram, which shows the effectiveness of this method.
TXI: Texture and Color Enhancement Imaging for Endoscopic Image Enhancement
Authors: Sato Tomoya
Published: April 2021

Recognition of lesions with subtle morphological and/or color changes during white light imaging (WLI) endoscopy remains a challenge. Often the endoscopic image suffers from nonuniform illumination across the image due to curvature in the lumen and the direction of the illumination light of the endoscope. We propose an image enhancement technology to resolve the drawbacks above called texture and color enhancement imaging (TXI). TXI is designed to enhance three image factors in WLI (texture, brightness, and color) in order to clearly define subtle tissue differences. In our proposed method, retinex-based enhancement is employed in the chain of endoscopic image processing. Retinex-based enhancement is combined with color enhancement to greatly accentuate color tone differences of mucosal surfaces. We apply TXI to animal endoscopic images and evaluate the performance of TXI compared with conventional endoscopic enhancement technologies, conventionally used techniques for real-world image processing, and newly proposed techniques for surgical endoscopic image augmentation. Our experimental results show that TXI can enhance brightness selectively in dark areas of an endoscopic image and can enhance subtle tissue differences such as slight morphological or color changes while simultaneously preventing over-enhancement. These experimental results demonstrate the potential of the proposed TXI algorithm as a future clinical tool for detecting gastrointestinal lesions having difficult-to-recognize tissue differences.
A Comprehensive Review on the Effects of Laser Photobiomodulation on Skeletal Muscle Fatigue in Spastic Patients
Authors: Stamborowski Sadi F. , Lima Fernanda Púpio Silva , Leonardo Patrícia Sardinha , Lima Mário Oliveira
Published: April 2021

Peripheral muscle fatigue is a common experience in daily life. Every individual at some point in their life has realized the inability to maintain muscle contraction, a phenomenon known as fatigue. Interestingly, neurological patients with peripheral sequelae such as spastic muscle contraction are able to remain in a pattern of muscle contraction for prolonged periods. The effects of laser therapy are already recognized in muscle contraction to delay skeletal muscle fatigue, prolong physical activity, and reduce delayed onset muscle soreness. However, the effects of photobiomodulation on neurological patients with muscular spasticity are still not well established. The present literature review seeks to recognize articles about the application of laser irradiation, also known as photobiomodulation, to patients with muscle fatigue and/or spastic palsy. To perform a literature review, we used the systematic review methodology for the literature search. The following keywords were searched: (skeletal muscle fatigue) AND (spastic patients) AND (low-level laser therapy OR low intensity laser therapy OR low energy laser therapy OR LLLT OR LILT OR LELT OR infrared laser OR IR laser OR diode laser), and these were used for search on the following databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, BIREME, Scopus, and SciELO. Besides that, a literature review concerning on muscle physiology, fatigue, and LLLT was made. No language filter was applied, and altogether, 689 papers were identified. A group of 3 physiotherapists and 01 pharmaceutical scientist performed the literature review, and every exclusion was confirmed by at least two reviewers. After inclusion and exclusion criteria, 128 studies were included in this review. Conclusion, the LLLT can contribute to the recovery of spastic patients and muscles in fatigue. However, the real effect of laser photobiomodulation on muscle spasticity remains to be established. Only a much reduced number of clinical trials have been performed with a small number of participants. There is a lack of clinical trials from different research groups that could help to understand and elucidate the effects of laser in prolonged muscle contraction in spastic palsy.
Attention‐Based Convolutional Neural Network for Pavement Crack Detection
Authors: Wan Haifeng , Gao Lei , Su Manman , Sun Qirun , Huang Lei
Published: April 2021

Achieving high detection accuracy of pavement cracks with complex textures under different lighting conditions is still challenging. In this context, an encoder‐decoder network‐based architecture named CrackResAttentionNet was proposed in this study, and the position attention module and channel attention module were connected after each encoder to summarize remote contextual information. The experiment results demonstrated that, compared with other popular models (ENet, ExFuse, FCN, LinkNet, SegNet, and UNet), for the public dataset, CrackResAttentionNet with BCE loss function and PRelu activation function achieved the best performance in terms of precision (89.40), mean IoU (71.51), recall (81.09), and F1 (85.04). Meanwhile, for a self‐developed dataset (Yantai dataset), CrackResAttentionNet with BCE loss function and PRelu activation function also had better performance in terms of precision (96.17), mean IoU (83.69), recall (93.44), and F1 (94.79). In particular, for the public dataset, the precision of BCE loss and PRelu activation function was improved by 3.21. For the Yantai dataset, the results indicated that the precision was improved by 0.99, the mean IoU was increased by 0.74, the recall was increased by 1.1, and the F1 for BCE loss and PRelu activation function was increased by 1.24.
Improved KNN Algorithm Based on Preprocessing of Center in Smart Cities
Authors: Wang Haiyan , Xu Peidi , Zhao Jinghua
Published: April 2021

The KNN algorithm is one of the most famous algorithms in machine learning and data mining. It does not preprocess the data before classification, which leads to longer time and more errors. To solve the problems, this paper first proposes a PK‐means++ algorithm, which can better ensure the stability of a random experiment. Then, based on it and spherical region division, an improved KNNPK+ is proposed. The algorithm can select the center of the spherical region appropriately and then construct an initial classifier for the training set to improve the accuracy and time of classification.
Structural Performance Characteristics of Nanomaterials and Its Application in Traditional Architectural Cultural Design and Landscape Planning
Authors: Ou Chaohai , Wang DeWei
Published: April 2021

In recent years, with the rapid development of industrial technology, industrial materials have also begun to develop in more and more refined directions. Nanotechnology is one of the most developed core technologies in industrial technology, and these characteristics of nanomaterials make them shine in many fields, especially in the field of construction. Nowadays, conventional materials still have the problems of heavy weight and high thermal conductivity as thermal insulation materials for external walls. At the same time, it has outstanding performance that conventional materials do not have. Nanomaterials are widely used in various fields with rapid growth due to their many excellent properties and have produced huge economic benefits and social significance. This article describes the basic characteristics of nanomaterials, including surface effects, quantum size effects, small size effects, and macroscopic quantum tunneling effects. As nanomaterials and nanotechnology become more and more mature, the research on architectural coatings in our country has been slightly strengthened. Nanomaterials have a huge impact on future economic development and have become the most promising objects in the current material field. The experimental results prove that the foaming ability of nanomaterials is much better than that of ordinary materials, and the fault tolerance rate of the cement paste is also the highest. This can also positively show that the relationship between nanotechnology and construction engineering is getting closer and closer, and the combination of nanomaterials and construction materials shows people the broad prospects of construction materials for the development of ecological construction materials that improve the living environment and improve the quality of life.
Heat and Mass Transfer of Rotational Flow of Unsteady Third-Grade Fluid over a Rotating Cone with Buoyancy Effects
Authors: Saleem S.
Published: April 2021

Objective of this paper is a study of the impact of heat and mass transfer on time-dependent flow of a third-grade convective fluid due to an infinitely rotating upright cone. An interesting fact is observed that the similarity solutions only exist, if we take the angular velocities of the cone and far away from the fluid as an inverse function of time. The analytical solutions of the reduced ordinary differential equations of third-grade fluids are offered by the optimal homotopy analysis method (OHAM). The results for important parameters are illustrated graphically as well as in tabular form. The precision of the present results is also checked by comparison with the numerical outcomes published earlier. The impact of non-Newtonian fluid parameters is found to decrease the primary skin-friction coefficient. There is an aggregate in Nusselt and Sherwood numbers for increasing the ratio of the buoyancy forces.
Exact Noncommutative Two-Dimensional Hydrogen Atom
Authors: Wang B. C. , Brenag E. C. , Amorim R. G. G. , Rispoli V. C. , Ulhoa S. C.
Published: April 2021

In this work, we present an exact analysis of the two-dimensional noncommutative hydrogen atom. In this study, the Levi-Civita transformation was used to perform the solution of the noncommutative Schrodinger equation for Coulomb potential. As an important result, we determine the energy levels for the considered system. Using the result obtained and experimental data, a bound on the noncommutativity parameter was obtained.
Study on the Influence of Factors on the Structure and Mechanical Properties of Amorphous Aluminium by Molecular Dynamics Method
Authors: Quoc Tuan Tran , Nguyen Trong Dung , Ţălu Ştefan
Published: April 2021

The influence of the number of atoms, N = 3000, 5000, 7000, and 9000 atoms, at temperature T = 300 K and temperatures T = 300, 500, 700, 900, 1100, 1300, and 1500 K at N = 9000 atoms, on microscopic structure, phase transition temperature, and mechanical property of bulk aluminium in an amorphous state is studied by the molecular dynamics method with the Sutton–Chen embedded interaction potential and the periodic boundary condition. Structural results are analyzed through the radial distribution function, the total energy of the system, the size, and the common neighbor analysis. The phase transition temperature is determined by the relationship between the total energy of the system and temperature. The mechanical property is derived from the deformation along the Z‐axis. It can be noted that when the number of atoms increases, the first peak’s position for radial distribution function changes, the first peak’s height decreases, the number of FCC and HCP structural units decreases, the number of Amor structural units increases, and the total energy of system increases. It can be seen that when temperature increases, the first peak’s position changes, the first peak’s height decreases, the number of FCC and HCP structural units decreases, the number of Amor structural units increases, and the total energy of the system decreases. The obtained results are very useful for experimental studies in the future.
Securing NDN‐Based Internet of Health Things through Cost‐Effective Signcryption Scheme
Authors: Aroosa  , Ullah Syed Sajid , Hussain Saddam , Alroobaea Roobaea , Ali Ihsan
Published: April 2021

The Internet of Health Things (IoHT) is an extended version of the Internet of Things that is acting a starring role in data sharing remotely. These remote data sources consist of physiological processes, such as treatment progress, patient monitoring, and consultation. The main purpose of IoHT platform is to intervene independently from geographically remote areas by providing low‐cost preventive or active healthcare services. Several low‐power biomedical sensors with limited computing capabilities provide IoHT’s communication, integration, computation, and interoperability. However, IoHT transfers IoT data via IP‐centric Internet, which has implications for security and privacy. To address this issue, in this paper, we suggest using named data networking (NDN), a future Internet model that is well suited for mobile patients and caregivers. As the IoHT contains a lot of personal information about a user’s physical condition, which can be detrimental to users’ finances and health if leaked, therefore, data protection is important in the IoHT. Experts and scholars have researched this area, but the reconstruction of existing schemes could be further improved. Also, doing computing‐intensive tasks leads to slower response times, which further worsens the performance of IoHT. We are trying to resolve such an error, so a new NDN‐based certificateless signcryption scheme is proposed for IoHT using the security hardness of the hyperelliptic curve cryptosystem. Security analysis and comparisons with existing schemes show the viability of the designed scheme. The final results confirm that the designed scheme provides better security with minimal computational and communicational resources. Finally, we validate the security of the designed scheme against man‐in‐the‐middle attacks and replay attacks using the AVISPA tool.
The Elastoplastic Solutions of Deep Buried Roadway Based on the Generalized 3D Hoek-Brown Strength Criterion considering Strain-Softening Properties
Authors: Wang Rui , Bai Jian-biao , Yan Shuai , Chang Zhi-guo , Song Yuan-ba , Zhang Wei-guang , Xu Jun
Published: April 2021

The deep underground roadways are widely used in the mining industries at present, but the relevant theoretical bases are not fully understood. In this paper, the numerical solutions for strain-softening surrounding rock under the generalized three-dimensional (3D) Hoek-Brown (GZZ) strength criterion are developed incorporating the confinement-dependent characteristics of

ψ

and

η

∗

and their influences on the stress and displacement of equivalent circular roadway. On the basic of a finite difference, method for the strain-softening model is proposed to consider the variation of

ψ

and

η

∗

in analyzing the strain-softening behavior of rock masses. Combining the equilibrium equation and strength criterion, the stress conditions for each annulus are calculated analytically. The displacement for each step is obtained analytically by solving the differential equation through invoking flow rule and Hooke’s law. The accuracy of the proposed method is verified through the comparison between the results and the previous studies. The effect of intermediate principal stress of GZZ strength criterion is considered; the rationality of the proposed method is verified by two aspects. First, by comparing with the two-dimensional narrow and generalized H-B strength criterion, the advantage of GZZ strength criterion that considers the effect intermediate main stress is highlighted. On the other hand, compared with the three-dimensional linear D-P criterion, the advantage of GZZ strength criterion in the theoretical research of deep underground roadway in coal mine is highlighted. The results show that the strain-softening of the surrounding rock in the plastic zone of the roadway can reduce the pressure of the surrounding rock, but it will greatly increase its deformation. In the high field stress areas, the strain-softening of surrounding rock is the key reason for the destruction of the roadway. It is suggested that in the design and calculation of the support system of the roadway, the strain-softening characteristics of the surrounding rock should be considered, which is very important to avoid large deformation and damage of roadway.