bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGY FOR ENRICHING FAT PRODUCTS AND NATURAL FATS AND OILS WITH LOW-MOLECULAR FATTY ACIDS
Authors: РЫЖОВА Р.Я. РЫЖОВА Р.Я. , РАБИНОВИЧ Л.М. РАБИНОВИЧ Л.М.
Published: August 2024

Объектом исследования являются смеси жиров природного происхождения, обогащенные триглицеролами бутановой (масляной) кислоты. Разработана технология создания жиров с полезными свойствами для здоровья человека и лечебных жировых смесей, содержащих компоненты, отсутствующие в жирах природного происхождения, в том числе, технология модификации природных жиров и растительных масел такими компонентами как н-бутановая (масляная) кислота.

The object of the study is a mixture of fats of natural origin, enriched with triglycerides of butanoic (butyric) acid. A technology has been developed to create fats with beneficial properties for human health and therapeutic fat mixtures containing components that are absent in fats of natural origin, including a technology for modifying natural fats and vegetable oils with components such as n-butanoic (butyric) acid.
PROBLEMS OF ECHINOCOCCOSIS AMONG ANIMALS AND WAYS TO SOLVE THEM
Authors: Турсунов Т.Т. , Исаев М.А. , Ибрагимова Ж.А. , Нурпеишова Э.Н.
Published: August 2024

Зараженность населения и домашних животных эхинококкозом острая ветеринарно-медицинская проблема для Кыргызстана. В настоящей статье приведены данные состояния зараженности людей и животных эхинококкозом в динамике за период 2014-2018 гг. когда активно внедрялась Стратегия борьбы с эхинококкозом, и современное состояние данной проблемы. Полученные результаты анализа по эпидемиологической ситуации в целом и конкретно по эхинококкозу свидетельствуют о том что, продолжающееся неблагополучие в Кыргызстане по эхинококкозу требует пересмотра и совершенствования Стратегии борьбы с эхинококкозом, дополнения ее современными технологиями контроля. Следует продолжать ежеквартальную противоэхинококкозную дегельминтизацию собак и предупреждения заноса инвазий, оздоровления очагов инвазии. Вести активную борьбу с сокращением числа бездомных собак, являющихся разносчиками возбудителей гельминтозных болезней. Наличие прямой коррелятивной связи между эпидемической и эпизоотической ситуацией по эхинококкозу требует обязательной консолидации сил органов здравоохранения, ветеринарной службы и местных органов власти в борьбе по снижению зараженности населения и животных эхинококкозом.

Infection of the population and domestic animals with echinococcosis is an acute veterinary and medical problem for Kyrgyzstan. This article presents data on infection of humans and animals with echinococcosis in dynamics for the period 2014-2018 years when the Strategy for combating echinococcosis was actively implemented, and the state of this problem was revealed. The obtained results of the analysis of the epidemiological situation in general and specifically for echinococcosis indicate that the continuing unfavorable situation in Kyrgyzstan in terms of echinococcosis requires revision and improvement of the Echinococcosis Control Strategy, supplementing it with modern control technologies. It is necessary to continue quarterly anti-echinococcosis deworming of dogs and to prevent the introduction of invasions, to improve the foci of invasion. To wage an active struggle against the reduction of the number of stray dogs, which are carriers of causative agents of helminthic diseases. The presence of a direct correlation between the epidemic and epizootic situation for echinococcosis requires the mandatory consolidation of the forces of health authorities, veterinary services and local authorities in the fight to reduce the infection of the population and animals with echinococcosis.
ANALYSIS OF THE LITERATURE ON THE CONTENT AND STRUCTURE OF DIGITAL LITERACY
Authors: Орозбаева А.А.
Published: August 2024

Статья посвящена к вопросу формирования цифровой грамотности обучаемых в учебных заведениях. Сегодня наблюдается расширение возможностей распространения мобильных приложений, информационных технологий. Данное обстоятельство обусловливает применение людьми этих технологий в осуществлении бытовой и профессиональной деятельности. Особо актуальным становится безопасное использование данных технологий. Поэтому можно считать, что данная статья направлена на решение актуальной проблемы. В статье анализирована сущность понятия цифровая грамотность. Раскрыта интегративность, межпредметная суть данного понятия. Определена, что цифровая грамотность включает в себя несколько понятий. В определении ее составляющих автором использованы понятия содержание и структура. Отмечена необходимость выделения компонентов цифровой грамотности и определения их взаимосвязи. Автором проведен анализ работ отечественных и зарубежных авторов.

The article is devoted to the issue of the formation of digital literacy of students in educational institutions. Today, there is an expansion of opportunities for the distribution of mobile applications, information technologies. This circumstance determines the use of these technologies by people in the implementation of household and professional activities. The safe use of these technologies becomes especially relevant. Therefore, we can assume that this article is aimed at solving an actual problem. The article analyzes the essence of the concept of digital literacy. Integrativity, interdisciplinary essence of this concept is revealed. It is determined that digital literacy includes several concepts. In defining its components, the author used the concepts of content and structure. The need to highlight the components of digital literacy and determine their relationship is noted. The author analyzed the works of domestic and foreign authors.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE STRAIN INACTIVATION MODE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF VACCINES
Authors: Эркинова З.Э. , Джапаралиев Н.Т.
Published: August 2024

Для оптимизация режима инактивации штаммов при изготовлении вакцин использовали вирус ящура шт. А№17 (Кыргызстан-2021) и О1 (Тайвань), выращенный в суспензионной культуре клеток, который инактивировали аминоэтилэтиленимином (АЭЭИ) и было проведено сравнение штаммов А№17 (Кыргызстан-2021) и О1 (Тайвань) на вирулицидную активность АЭЭИ в зависимости от температуры инкубации при постоянном времени инактивации 24 часа. А также, была испытана вирулицидная активность АЭЭИ при температуре 37°С в зависимости от времени инактивации. Кроме того, проведена очистка вируссодержащей суспензии в промышленных условиях, которой реагентом является хлороформ. Наряду с хлороформом для очистки вируса в наших опытах использовали высокомолекулярный полигуанидин (полигексометиленгуанидин), позволяющий повысить качество очистки культурального вируса. Очистку вирусодержащей суспензии МЦ проводили перед инактивацией.

To optimize the mode of inactivation of strains in the manufacture of vaccines used foot-and-mouth disease virus А№17 (Kyrgyzstan-2021) and O1 (Taiwan) grown in suspension cell culture, which was inactivated with aminoethylethyleneimine (AEEI), and strains А№17(Kyrgyzstan-2021) and O1 (Taiwan) were compared for the virucidal activity of AEEI depending on the incubation temperature at a constant inactivation time of 24 hours. And also, the virucidal activity of AEEI was tested at a temperature of 37°C, depending on the time of inactivation. In addition, a virus-containing suspension was purified under industrial conditions, the reagent being chloroform. In addition to chloroform, high molecular weight polyguanidine (polyhexomethyleneguanidine) was used in our experiments to purify the virus, which makes it possible to improve the quality of purification of the cultural virus. The virus-containing suspension of MC was purified before inactivation.
SPIRITUALITY AND MORALITY IN SOCIAL PHILOSOPHICAL ASPECT
Authors: Акматалиев А.Т.
Published: August 2024

В данной статье рассматриваются проблемы духовности и нравственности в социально-философском аспекте, также в ней говорится о том, что нравственность есть проявление духовности. Духовность и нравственность в социальнофилософском аспекте являются во многом сходными категориями, поскольку их проявление почти всегда основано на личностном восприятии и последующем воспроизведении в обществе, важную роль в котором играет традиция. Традиция является неотъемлемым условием позитивного существования и развития современного социума и выражается в обществе посредством сложной системы моделей и стереотипов жизненного поведения, духовной и нравственной практики народа, доставшихся нам от наших предков и существующих в современном социокультурном пространстве в качестве неоценимого духовно-нравственного опыта. Духовность и нравственность являются основой ценностной ориентации личности.

This article deals with the problems of spirituality and morality in the socio-philosophical aspect, This article discusses the problems of spirituality and morality in the socio-philosophical aspect, it also says that morality is a manifestation of spirituality. Spirituality and morality in the socio-philosophical aspect are largely similar categories, since their manifestation is almost always based on personal perception and subsequent reproduction in society, in which tradition plays an important role. Tradition is an essential condition for the positive existence and development of modern society and is expressed in society through a complex system of models and stereotypes of life behavior, spiritual and moral practices of the people, inherited from our ancestors and existing in the modern socio-cultural space as an invaluable spiritual and moral experience. Spirituality and morality are the basis of the value orientation of the individual.
THE CULTIVATION AND PRACTICE OF THE PAULOWNIA TREE IN LABORATORY CONDITIONS
Authors: Маматеминова Т.М.
Published: August 2024

В данной статье приведены практические рекомендации по выбору метода выращивания дерева Павловнии в лаборатории. Наблюдались различия в росте семян, высеянных в разные почвосмеси (универсальные и обычные домашние почвосмеси). Универсальная почвосмесь дала хорошие результаты в выращивании декоративных деревьев из семян. Кроме семян павловнии размножали и частичками корневой системы. Для этого, используя в качестве донора крупное растение, корневую систему делили на частички, а частички каждого корня пересаживали в емкость. Поверхность контейнеров плотно закрывали пищевой пленкой и периодически поливали водой. Растения, сформированные из частиц корневой системы, отличались скоростью роста и силой по сравнению с растениями, сформированными из семян.

This article provides practical recommendations for choosing a method for growing a peacock tree in the laboratory. Differences were observed in the growth of seeds sown in different soil mixtures (universal and conventional home soil mixtures). The universal soil mixture has given good results in growing ornamental trees from seed. In addition to paulownia seeds, they were also propagated by particles of the root system. To do this, using a large plant as a donor, the root system was divided into particles, and the particles of each root were transplanted into a container. The surface of the containers was tightly covered with cling film and periodically watered. Plants formed from particles of the root system differed in growth rate and vigor compared to plants formed from seeds.
METHODS OF USING INTERACTIVE SITES IN THE PROCESS OF TRAINING
Authors: Зулпукарова Д.И. , Кулчинова Г.А. , Абдукаимова А.Ж.
Published: August 2024

В статье рассматриваются способы использования интерактивных сайтов в процессе обучения. В настоящее время в обучении используется множество онлайн-сервисов. Онлайнсервисы можно использовать не только для дистанционного обучения, но и для традиционных занятий. Среди них создание различных интерактивных заданий с помощью интерактивного сайта LearningApps, что интересно и понятно для учителей и учеников. С помощью этого сервиса можно создавать и использовать разнообразные интерактивные задачи не только по информатике, но и по всем другим предметам. С помощью сервиса были созданы различные интерактивные задания. На примере информатики продемонстрирована эффективность использования интерактивных заданий, созданных на разных этапах дистанционного и традиционного уроков. Интерактивные задания повышают эффективность урока, делают его более интересным для учащихся и помогают им работать самостоятельно.

The article discusses ways to use interactive sites in the learning process. Currently, many online services are used in education. Online services can be used not only for distance learning, but also for traditional classes. Among them is the creation of various interactive tasks using the interactive LearningApps site, which is interesting and understandable for teachers and students. With the help of this service, you can create and use a variety of interactive tasks not only in computer science, but also in all other subjects. With the help of the service, various interactive tasks were created. On the example of computer science, the efficiency of using interactive tasks created at different stages of remote and traditional lessons is demonstrated. Interactive tasks increase the effectiveness of the lesson, make it more interesting for students and help them work independently.
THE USE OF MICROORGANISMS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FERMENTED MILK PRODUCTS (CHEESE)
Authors: Асаналиева Н.А. , Ырыскулова А.Ы.
Published: August 2024

Сыр – пищевой продукт, полученный путем биотрансформации и концентрации основных компонентов молока под действием ферментов, микроорганизмов и физико-химических факторов. С другой стороны, сыр, приготовленный в качестве пищи, употребляется сразу же (в свежем виде) или после созревания (хранения) в условиях аэробной или анаэробной влажности в определенное время. Важность молока играет огромную роль в получении качественных молочных продуктов или молочных продуктов. Важность молока для получения качественного молочного продукта или молочных продуктов играет очень большую роль. Из-за большого потребления молока и молочных продуктов в Кыргызстане одним из актуальных вопросов на сегодняшний день является повышение эффективности и производство молочных продуктов, в том числе чистого натурального сыра. В этой статье подробно описаны способы производства сыра с помощью биотехнологии, экспериментальный способ и все этапы, методы производства сыра с использованием современных биотехнологических методов. На основании результатов исследования были тщательно проанализированы микробиологические, биохимические и физико-химические методы производства и созревания сыра современным биотехнологическим путем.

Cheese is a food product obtained by biotransformation and concentration of the main components of milk under the action of enzymes, microorganisms and physico-chemical factors. On the other hand, cheese prepared as food is consumed immediately (fresh) or after maturation (storage) in conditions of aerobic or anaerobic humidity at a certain time. The importance of milk plays a huge role in obtaining high-quality dairy products or dairy products. The importance of milk for obtaining a high-quality dairy product or dairy products plays a very important role. Due to the large consumption of milk and dairy products in Kyrgyzstan, one of the urgent issues today is to increase the efficiency and production of dairy products, including pure natural cheese. This article describes in detail the methods of cheese production using biotechnology, the experimental method and all stages, methods of cheese production using modern biotechnological methods. Based on the results of the study, micro-biological, biochemical and physico-chemical methods of cheese production and maturation by modern biotechnological methods were thoroughly analyzed.
THE ROLE AND BOUNDARIES OF THE COMPETITION IN THE SOLVING PROBLEMS OF THE INCREASING THE COMETITIVENESS OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY
Authors: Мунайтпасова А.К.
Published: August 2024

В данной научной статье рассмотрены некоторые аспекты конкуренции, а также определены роль и границы конкуренции в решении задач повышения конкурентоспособности национальной экономики. Поскольку, чем сильнее будет развита конкуренция в стране, тем эффективнее будет конкурентоспособность национальной экономики. В условиях глобализации страны ищут свои модели развития, которые должны соответствовать их потенциалу и обеспечивать устойчивый экономический рост и конкурентоспособность на мировом рынке. Для этого государство стремится повысить конкурентоспособность национальной экономики. Оно активизирует национальные конкурентные преимущества, чтобы продемонстрировать их на глобальных рынках. В то же время приходится отрабатывать специфические механизмы противодействия усиливающейся международной конкуренции. Глобализация предъявляет чрезвычайно высокие требования к конкурентоспособности национальной экономики. Сегодня конкурентоспособность национальной экономики – одна из самых влиятельных концепций в глобальной экономике и политике, поскольку не только охватывает сугубо экономические показатели, но и оценивает экономические последствия важных неэкономических явлений.

This scientific article discusses some aspects of competition, as well as defines the role and boundaries of the competition in the solving problems of the increasing the competitiveness of the national economy. Since the stronger the competition in the country is developing, the more effective will be the competitiveness of the national economy. In the context of globalization, countries are looking for their own development models, which should correspond to their potential and ensure sustainable economic growth and competitiveness in the world market. To do this, the state seeks to increase the competitiveness of the national economy. It activates national competitive advantages in order to demonstrate them in global markets. At the same time, we have to work out specific mechanisms to counter the growing international competition. Globalization makes extremely high demands on the competitiveness of the national economy. Today, the competitiveness of the national economy is one of the most influential concepts in the global economy and politics, since it not only covers purely economic indicators, but also assesses the economic consequences of important non-economic phenomena.
SPIRITUAL HERITAGE TEACHING OF MASHKHUR-ZHUSUP KOPEEV
Authors: Калиева Ж.
Published: August 2024

Духовной культуре казахского народа в XIX – начала ХХ веков более широко отражается народные взгляды в истории того времени. Машхур Жусуп Копеев - человек, который философски осмысливал все увиденное и услышанное в жизни, считал, что это все послужит на благо народа, тем более в изучении истории народа, его культуры старался сохранить в памяти народа историческое прошлое, способствовал тем самым формированию казахского народа как целостной нации. Осмысливая, через религиозное отношение как проявлялась связь этического и эстетического, уместно еще раз напомнить о средневековой мусульманской традиции, так как в творчестве Машхур Жусупа отражается особое видение проблем, определяемых через единство этического и эстетического, и которые оказали значительное влияние на его этикоэстетическик воззрения.

The spiritual culture of the Kazakh people in the XIX - early XX centuries is more widely reflected in the popular views in the history of that time. Mashkhur Zhusup Kopeev, a man who philosophically comprehended everything he saw and heard in life, believed that all this would serve the benefit of the people, especially in studying the history of the people, his culture, he tried to keep the historical past in the memory of the people, thereby contributing to the formation of the Kazakh people as whole nation. Comprehending, through a religious attitude, how the connection between the ethical and the aesthetic was manifested, it is appropriate to once again recall the medieval Muslim tradition, since the work of Mashkhur Zhusup reflects a special vision of problems defined through the unity of the ethical and aesthetic, and which had a significant impact on his ethical and aesthetic views.
HYDROLOGICAL JUSTIFICATION FOR THE DESIGN OF A MINI HYDROELECTRIC POWER STATION ON THE TURGEN RIVER
Authors: Ершова Н.В. , Фролова Г.П. , Момуналиев Р.К.
Published: August 2024

Река Турген начинается на ледниках Заилийского Алатау, в своем нижнем течении протекает по густонаселенной долине. Воды реки Турген исторически используются местным населением для ирригации. В настоящее время возникла потребность в строительстве малых и микро-ГЭС на реках, не используемых для судоходства. Для этой цели рассчитаны и проанализированы гидрологические и энергетические характеристики стока реки Турген в замыкающем створе водосбора – на участке гидропоста. Рассчитаны такие гидрологические характеристики как среднегодовые, максимальные, минимальные расходы воды, внутригодовое распределение стока. Используя методику расчета стока для неохваченных наблюдениями створов, на основе собственных картографических построений, оценены уклоны реки, расходы воды и энергетический потенциал по длине реки Турген. Все характеристики необходимы для использования водных ресурсов при выработке электроэнергии.

The Turgen River begins on the glaciers of the Zailiysky Alatau, in its lower zone it flows through a densely populated valley. The waters of the Turgen River are historically used by the local population for irrigation. At present, there is a need for the construction of small and micro hydropower plants on rivers that are not used for navigation. For this purpose, the hydrological and energy characteristics of the Turgen River flow in the outlet section of the catchment area, at the site of the gauging station, were calculated and analyzed. Such hydrological characteristics as average annual, maximum, minimum water discharges, intra-annual flow distribution are calculated. Using the methodology for calculating the runoff for sites not covered by observations, based on our own cartographic constructions, the slopes of the river, water discharges and energy potential along the length of the Turgen River are estimated. All characteristics are necessary for the use of water resources in the generation of electricity.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION OF BRUCELLOSIS IN FARMS OF BATKEN REGION
Authors: Чегиров С.Б. , Курсанбаева К.А. , Маданбекова Э.А. , Айдаров М.И.
Published: August 2024

В статье изложены результаты эпидемиологических исследований по зараженности бруцеллезом населения и сельскохозяйственных животных Баткенской области. Выявлена тенденция роста заболеваемости людей бруцеллёзом. Согласно данным ДГСН интенсивный показатель за истекшие два года составил от 11,3 до 12,3 случаев на 100 тыс. населения. Также была изучена зараженность бруцеллезом мелкого и крупного рогатого скота на основе официальных данных ГИВФБ при МСХ. Рост зараженности животных бруцеллезом КРС составил от 59 до 81 случаев за истекшие 3 года. Среди овец за тот же период не обнаружены случаи заражения бруцеллезом. Эпизоотический анализ свидетельствует о том, что в овцеводстве более успешно идет оздоровление животных от бруцеллеза. В скотоводстве преобладает скрытая форма бруцеллоносительства, в этой связи сложнее его диагностировать, провести выбраковку продуктивного животного.

The article presents the results of epidemiological studies on infection with brucellosis of the population and farm animals of the Batken region. It has been revealed that the trend of increasing the incidence of brucellosis in people. According to the data of the Department of State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision, the intensive indicator for the past 2 years ranged from 11.3 to 12.3 cases per 100 thousand population. Infection with brucellosis of small and large cattle was also studied on the basis of official data of the State Inspectorate for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Safety at the Ministry of Agriculture. and own surveys of animals of the experimental base of the A. Duisheev KNIV. The increase in animal infection with brucellosis ranged from 59 to 81 cases over the past 3 years. No cases of brucellosis infection were found among sheep during the same period. Epizootic analysis indicates that in sheep breeding, the recovery of animals from brucellosis is more successful. In cattle breeding, a hidden form of Brucella carrier prevails, in this regard, it is more difficult to diagnose it, to cull a productive animal.
Historical overview of the development of manned submersibles with transparent acrylic hulls
Authors: Фокин С.Г. , Богданов А.А. , Жданов Р.С. , Кичко С.А. , Поляшов А.А.
Published: August 2024

В настоящей статье представлена история развития зарубежных обитаемых подводных технических средств, в конструкции которых использовались прозрачные материалы для создания прочных корпусов, обеспечивающих панорамный визуальный обзор. Приведен сравнительный анализ технических характеристик таких корпусов, в том числе описание компоновочных решений, краткая информация о современных зарубежных производителях таких аппаратов, а также перспективы развития данного направления подводной техники.

This article presents the history of the development of foreign manned underwater vehicles with transparent acrylic hulls, that provide panoramic visibility; article provides a comparative analysis of the technical characteristics of such hulls, including a description of the design solutions, brief overview about modern foreign manufacturers of such vehicles, as well as prospects for the development of this type of underwater technology.
Application of Self-Evolving AI Agents in Chemical Research: A Novel Intelligent Assistance System
Authors: Ma Kangyong
Published: August 2024

This work utilizes collected and organized instructional data from the field of chemical science to fine-tune mainstream open-source large language models. To objectively evaluate the performance of the fine-tuned models, we have developed an automated scoring system specifically for the chemistry domain, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the evaluation results. Building on this foundation, we have designed an innovative chemical intelligent assistant system. This system employs the fine-tuned Mistral Nemo model as one of its primary models and features a mechanism for flexibly invoking various advanced models. This design fully considers the rapid iteration characteristics of large language models, ensuring that the system can continuously leverage the latest and most powerful AI capabilities.A major highlight of this system is its deep integration of professional knowledge and requirements from the chemistry field. By incorporating specialized functions such as molecular visualization, SMILES string processing, and chemical literature retrieval, the system significantly enhances its practical value in chemical research and applications. More notably, the system possesses autonomous evolution capabilities. Through carefully designed mechanisms for knowledge accumulation, skill acquisition, performance evaluation, and group collaboration, the system can continuously optimize its professional abilities and interaction quality. This dynamic adaptive feature enables the system to evolve autonomously, breaking through the inherent static limitations of traditional AI systems.
Lab Sustainability Programs LEAF and My Green Lab: impact, user experience & suitability
Authors: Schell Bianca , Bruns Nico
Published: August 2024

Facing the climate crisis and planetary boundaries, research institutions must address the challenge of becoming climate-neutral and using resources more sustainably. Natural science laboratories are the most resource-intensive and CO2-emitting units within these institutions. Consequently, research groups aim to understand how to lower emissions and become sustainable by participating in green lab programs such as My Green Lab or LEAF. Here, we compare these programs, analyse their impact on emission savings, and give insights from conducting both programs simultaneously in our biological and chemical labs. As a centrepiece, we provide a quantitative comparison of the programs based on a Germany-wide survey of participants from both programs. We showcase the significant impact of the programs on employees' motivation to work sustainably, highlight the advantages and shortcomings of the programs, and elucidate the pitfalls of greenwashing risks and the risks of leaving the most effective measures unimplemented. Finally, we provide decision-making guidance to help scientists choose the most suitable lab sustainability program based on their individual research backgrounds, needs, and personal preferences.
Evaluation of TOCSY mixing for sensitivity-enhancement in solid-state NMR and application of 4D experiments for side-chain assignments of the full-length 30 kDa membrane protein GlpG
Authors: Öster Carl , Chevelkov Veniamin , Lange Adam
Published: August 2024

Chemical shift assignments of large membrane proteins by solid-state NMR experiments are challenging. Recent advancements in sensitivity-enhanced pulse sequences, have made it feasible to acquire 1H-detected 4D spectra of these challenging protein samples within reasonable timeframes. However, obtaining unambiguous assignments remains difficult without access to side-chain chemical shifts. Drawing inspiration from sensitivity-enhanced TOCSY experiments in solution NMR, we have explored the potential of 13C-13C TOCSY mixing as a viable option for triple sensitivity-enhanced 4D experiments aimed at side-chain assignments in solid-state NMR. Through simulations and experimental trials, we have identified optimal conditions to achieve uniform transfer efficiency for both transverse components and to minimize undesired cross-transfers. Our experiments, conducted on the 30 kDa membrane protein GlpG embedded in E. coli liposomes, have demonstrated enhanced sensitivity compared to the most effective dipolar and J-coupling-based 13C-13C mixing sequences. Notably, a non-uniformly sampled 4D hCXCANH spectrum with exceptionally high sensitivity was obtained in just a few days using a 600 MHz spectrometer equipped with a 1.3 mm probe operating at a magic angle spinning rate of 55 kHz.
Europium Doping Effects on the Properties of CsPbBr3 Nanocrystals: In-situ vs. Ex-situ Synthetic Path Analysis
Authors: Shalom Hila , Carmieli Raanan , Shekhter Pini , Yadgarov Lena
Published: August 2024

Metal halide perovskites (MHPs), particularly CsPbBr3 nanocrystals (NCs), attract significant interest due to their remarkable optoelectronic properties. These properties make them ideally suited for applications such as photovoltaics and ionizing radiation detectors. However, CsPbBr3 NCs suffer from poor luminescence efficiency and short service life. Doping with rare earth (RE) elements, especially europium (Eu), has emerged as a viable method for solving these problems because of their unique electronic structure. Doping with RE improves luminescence efficiency and extends the service life of the MHPs, enhancing their optoelectronic properties and catalytic capabilities. This study examines the effects of in-situ and ex-situ europium doping on the structural, optical, and photocatalytic properties of CsPbBr3 NCs. In-situ doping was achieved by introducing the dopant during the NC synthesis, while ex-situ doping involved adding the dopant to pre-prepared NCs via sonochemical synthesis with an ultrasonic bath. The doped NCs exhibit enhanced emission and boosted photocatalytic activity, showcasing the multifaceted benefits of Eu ions doping. The study concludes that in-situ europium doping, particularly at 5 wt%, significantly enhances the structural and functional characteristics of CsPbBr3 NCs, offering a promising approach for improving their performance in optoelectronic and photocatalytic applications.
Photocatalytic Strategy for Decyanative Transformations Enabled by Amine-Ligated Boryl Radical
Authors: Yuto Yoshida , Waka Okada , Kazutake Takada , Shuichi Nakamura , Naoki Yasukawa
Published: August 2024

Alkyl nitriles are attractive and useful feedstocks for assembling molecular complexity through α-functionalization by exploiting the inherent electron-withdrawing property and coordination ability of cyano groups. Decyanation after α-functionalization enables the strategic assembly of carbon scaffolds in the field of organic synthetic chemistry. However, there are significant limitations to its application in redox chemistry, where allows the preparation of more high-value compounds through the cleavage of C(sp3)–CN to form carbon-centered radicals. In this study, we demonstrate an amine-ligated boryl-radical-mediated cyano group transfer (CGT) strategy of malononitriles under the photocatalytic conditions. This strategy allows for the cleavage of C(sp3)–CN and the formation of new C(sp3)–D and C(sp3)–C(sp3) through a radical-polar crossover mechanism. The mild reaction conditions employing organic photocatalysts and visible light are amenable to a broad range of structurally complex malononitriles and various functional groups. Computational studies successfully guided switching of the CGT promoters from amine-ligated boryl radicals to silyl radicals, depending on the substrate. Furthermore, the CGT approach was extended to decyanative olefination by merging it with cobalt catalysis, where the potential for retro-hydrocyanation was also revealed.
Spin–State Energetics for Hydride and Helium Models of Transition Metal Complexes: A Benchmark Study of Wave Function Quantum Chemistry Methods
Authors: Radon Mariusz
Published: August 2024

Accurate determination of spin–state energetics in first-row transition metal (TM) complexes is recognized as a challenging problem in computational quantum chemistry because different methods often yield divergent predictions and credible reference data are scarce. Trying to provide a way towards unambiguously accurate reference values from high-level wave function computation, a benchmark set of small TM complexes with hydrides (H^–) or helium atoms as σ-donor ligands is presented. These models have analogous electronic structures as realistic TM complexes and their spin–state energetics feature comparable method- dependence, but their small size enables application of more accurate methods than are applicable to realistic TM complexes. The extrapolated full configuration interaction (exFCI) results are obtained for selected spin–state splittings of the hydride/helium models and used as reference values for benchmarking various wave function methods, including second- and third-order perturbation theory multireference methods, multireference CI, and coupled cluster methods with up to approximate quadruples. It is demonstrated that the exFCI reference values can be reproduced satisfactorily with both multireference and single-reference methods, among which the NEVPT2 and CCSDT(Q)_Λ methods perform best, yielding deviations comparable with the uncertainties of the reference values or smaller than 2 kcal/mol. The CCSD(T) method yields errors of ca. 3 kcal/mol or smaller, with one exception where the CCSD(T)’s error is greater than 6 kcal/mol presumably due to pronounced multireference character. The CASPT2, CASPT3, CASPT2/CC methods are shown to not outperform the CCSD(T) method consistently. The present study, in addition to presenting novel benchmark set for the spin–state energetics problem, establishes hydride/helium models of TM complexes as useful and challenging systems for further investigations with correlated electronic structure methods.
Supramolecular Protecting Groups Can Impart Prosthetic Stereoselectivity to Catalytic Systems Employing Unmodified Achiral Heterogenous Catalysts
Authors: Vergara-Arenas B. Ivonne , Morales-Serna J. Antonio , Surman Andrew
Published: August 2024

Use of homogeneous catalysis – typically based on scarce precious metals – remains a dominant approach to afford good yields of enantiopure compounds. Combining typical strengths of heterogenous catalysts (low cost, sustainable, recyclable) with those of precious metal-mediated homogenous catalysis (amenability to design for selectivity) is desirable: several approaches have been demonstrated (chiral material surfaces, modification of surfaces with chiral auxiliaries, immobilisation of chiral catalysts), but it remains a challenge. Here we present a systems catalysis approach, with a heterogenous material providing catalytic activity, and a separate host species controlling access to the catalyst to impart ‘prosthetic’ chiral selectivity. Since this non-covalent analogue to conventional covalent protecting group strategies is modular, the same substrate/host combination may be applied to a range of catalytic surfaces. The potential of this approach to achieve effective kinetic resolution is demonstrated in stereoselective synthesis of the drug (R)-cinacalcet.
Discovering Covalent Cyclic Peptide Inhibitors of Peptidyl Arginine Deiminase 4 (PADI4) Using mRNA-Display with a Genetically Encoded Electrophilic Warhead
Authors: Mathiesen Isabel , Calder Ewen , Kunzelmann Simone , Walport Louise
Published: August 2024

Covalent drugs can achieve high potency with long dosing intervals. However, concerns remain about side-effects associated with off-target reactivity. Combining macrocyclic peptides with covalent warheads provides a solution to minimise off-target reactivity: the peptide enables highly specific target binding, positioning a weakly reactive warhead proximal to a suitable residue in the target. Here we demonstrate direct discovery of covalent cyclic peptides using encoded libraries containing a weakly electrophilic cysteine-reactive fluoroamidine warhead. We combine direct incorporation of the warhead into peptide libraries using the flexible in vitro translation system with a peptide selection approach that identifies only covalent target binders. Using this approach, we identify potent covalent inhibitors of the peptidyl arginine deiminase, PADI4 or PAD4, that react exclusively at the active site cysteine. We envisage this approach will enable covalent peptide inhibitor discovery for a range of related enzymes and expansion to alternative warheads in the future.
NURSES’ MENTORING PRACTICES IN A DISTRICT HOSPITAL IN CUENCA BATANGAS: BASIS FOR PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Rn Liberty V. Doctolero
Published: August 2024

The main problem of the study is to determine the mentoring practices of nurses in the district hospital in Cuenca, Batangas. Specifically, the study dealt with the mentoring practices in the hospital as perceived by the staff nurses and the nurse supervisors in interactive mentoring, task-oriented mentoring, and transformative mentoring in the different nursing areas. A quantitative research design was utilized in the study. The statistical treatment of data of frequency and percentage distribution, weighted mean, and ANOVA were calculated. The participants of the study were 20 nursing staff including the chief nurse, nurse supervisors, and registered nurses who have direct responsibility for giving nursing care. In general, the mentoring practices in the hospital as perceived by the staff nurses and the nurse supervisors are described as to “great extent”. However, the extent of the need for mentorship in the Nursing Service areas revealed: “Very Great Extent”. Test results showed that there is no significant difference in the assessments of the respondents when they are grouped according to profile. From the results, the need for training and continuous professional improvement should be encouraged among staff nurse and their supervisors. A development program for the nursing staff of the nursing services department is recommended to provide the opportunity for nurses to continuously acquire and develop the knowledge skill, attitudes ideals, and values essential for the maintenance of high-quality nursing care.
UNDERSTANDING WEDGE RESECTION RESEARCH PRODUCTIVITY WITH VISUALIZATION: A SCIENTOMETRIC ATTITUDE
Authors: Khachane Tushar , Dolai Bidhan
Published: August 2024

This research paper presents a scientometric analysis of wedge resection research productivity. The study aims to evaluate the evolution and different types of literature on wedge resection, identify the principal countries, institutions, and sources that have contributed to publications on wedge resection, track the increase of literature on wedge resection citations each year, and determine the most frequently discussed topics in wedge resection research publications. To achieve these objectives, the study utilized a scientometric approach that involved a systematic analysis of existing research on wedge resection and productivity, with a focus on the application of scientometric methods. The results of the analysis provide a comprehensive examination of wedge resection productivity, which can be used to guide future research in the field. The study demonstrates the potential of scientometric methods in examining research output and productivity in various fields, including wedge resection. Overall, this research paper provides valuable insights into wedge resection productivity that can inform future research and decision-making in the field.
THE REASON FOR VITAMIN-MINERAL SUPPLEMENT INTAKE AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL ADOLESCENTS IN MALAYSIA AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND DIETARY PRACTICE
Authors: Abd Ghafar Suhaila , Ali Zainuddin Ahmad , Baharudin Azli , Othman Fatimah , Mohd Sallehuddin Syafinaz , Ibrahim Wong Norazizah , Hasnan Amali Khairul
Published: August 2024

Vitamin mineral supplement (VMS) consumption is prevalent among the population, particularly adolescents. However, literature about the factors associated with the reasons for consuming VMS has not been investigated in Malaysia, indeed adolescents’ nutrition is important as they experience body change during this period. Thus, this cross-sectional, national health study aims to determine the association between nutritional status, dietary practice and reasons for VMS consumption among secondary schools in Malaysia. A total of 40,087 adolescents aged 10-18 completed the questionnaire. Among them, only 22.6% (9,077) of them from secondary school consumed VMS and were included in this study. Gender, height-for-age, strata, ethnicity, hunger experience, eating out and breakfast intake frequency were associated with the reasons for VMS intake. After the adjustment, stunted adolescents were more likely to consume VMS due to the doctor’s prescription (RRR:1.51, 95% CI: 1.11-2.10). Adolescents who sometimes experienced hunger were more probable to consume VMS due to doctor’s instruction, self-awareness and friends’ influence as compared to other unspecified reasons (RRR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.08-1.85; RRR 1.38, 95% CI: 1.07-1.77; RRR: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.27-3.08, respectively). No association was found between dietary behaviour and the reason for the VMS intake. For meal pattern, adolescents who skipped breakfast were less likely to consume VMS due to doctor’s instruction, parents’ advices and self-awareness (RRR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.39-0.72; RRR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.38-0.66; RRR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.45-0.78, respectively). This study suggested that further studies were needed to investigate the role of VMS use in relation to nutrient adequacy, overconsumption and health.
IMPACT OF COVID-19 LOCKDOWN POLICY ON HEALTH AND EDUCATION SERVICE UPTAKE OF WORKERS IN GWAGWALADA, ABUJA, NIGERIA
Authors: Paul Chima , Malachy Joseph , Agebe Ojobo James
Published: August 2024

The study examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown policy on the welfare of workers in the formal and informal sectors in Gwagwalada Area Council, Abuja, Nigeria, during the COVID-19 period using health and education services as case study. The study was motivated by the fact that the outbreak had a negative influence on both formal and informal workers’ well-being; nonetheless, concluding that the lockdown had an equivalent impact on both formal and informal sector workers in Gwagwalada Area Council without an empirical investigation may not have been reasonable enough. Thus, the need for this study to make a comparative analysis between formal and informal sector workers. For empirical purpose, independent two-sample t-test were used to compare perceptions of the two sectors regarding the effects of daily COVID-19 cases and the attendant lockdown stringency measures on health and education services uptake of workers in the two sectors understudy. A survey of 363 respondents was undertaken between the formal and informal workers in Gwagwalada Area Council of Abuja, Nigeria, to examine the effects of the pandemic lockdown policy measures on the uptake of education and health services. The study found that the informal sector workers were more severely affected than the formal sector during the lockdown. To address these challenges, the study recommends, among others, massive loans and grants for business owners with little or no interest rate to cushion the effects of the COVID-19.
UTILIZING A HEALTH BEHAVIOR APPROACH TO ENCOURAGE ORGAN DONATION IN LATIN AMERICA: INSIGHTS FROM A CASE STUDY IN CHILE
Authors: Pérez Castro Pablo , Kennedy Ryan , Alvarado Fernando , Salas Sofia , Muñoz Delia
Published: August 2024

Organ transplantation presents a promising opportunity to enhance quality of life and extend life expectancy in patients with end-stage chronic organ failure. Although the societal benefits of transplantation are clear, the shortage of organs donated in Latin America poses a significant barrier to accessing this life-saving treatment, resulting in high waitlist mortality rates and prolonged time on the waitlist. To address the problem of organ donation hesitancy, we thoroughly analyzed the behavioral factors by applying concepts from the Socioecological Model, the PRECEDE/PROCEDE framework, and Health Behavior Theories. We identified various personal, interpersonal, and community factors that may explain low donation rates and hinder the effectiveness of current strategies, highlighting the lack of information, the spread of myths about donation, the emotional burden for families, and the lack of sufficient human and technical resources. We propose a 10-step evidence-based intervention recommendation that involves focusing on increasing donation rates in the population, improving knowledge about donation and its process, preparing health professionals, developing strategies to promote donation with a focus on the young adult population, implementing specialized teams in transplants and the massification of preservation technologies. In summary, developing countries or countries with low organ donation rates must design evidence-based public policies. This article provides readily accessible information for the public, decision makers and relevant stakeholders.