bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ansiedade Materna e Problemas Comportamentais de Crianças com Fissura Labiopalatina
Authors: Silva Francislaine da , Rodrigues Olga Maria Piazentin Rolim , Lauris José Roberto Pereira
Published: June 2017

Resumo Indicadores emocionais maternos como a ansiedade têm sido considerados como condições de adversidade ao desenvolvimento infantil. São observadas peculiaridades e uma diversidade de achados em relação a problemas de comportamento e a outros distúrbios debilitantes em crianças ao longo do ciclo vital. O presente estudo objetivou identificar e associar indicadores clínicos para a ansiedade materna com os indicadores de problemas de comportamento (internalizantes e externalizantes) de 83 crianças com fissura labiopalatina, com idade entre três e cinco anos. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: protocolo de entrevista, Idate e CBCL. Os resultados apontaram que as crianças que convivem com mães com indicadores clínicos para ansiedade apresentaram prevalência de comportamentos internalizantes (p < 0,001) e externalizantes (p < 0,001). Para os meninos (37,5%) seriam identificados mais problemas de comportamento externalizantes enquanto que para as meninas (60,0%), mais problemas de comportamento internalizantes. Das mães identificadas com ansiedade avaliaram suas crianças como clínicas em problemas externalizantes (p = 0,020 e < 0,001). Considera-se que tais dados podem contribuir para o planejamento de ações preventivas e interventivas, de modo a favorecer o suporte psicológico para as mães que apresentam indicadores clínicos para ansiedade, assim como propor medidas para os problemas comportamentais das crianças que convivem com mães ansiosas.
Oficinas com Usuários de Saúde Mental: a Família como Tema de Reflexão
Authors: Coelho Raquel Souza , Velôso Thelma Maria Grisi , Barros Sibelle Maria Martins de
Published: June 2017

Resumo Com o advento da Reforma Psiquiátrica, as ações em saúde visam promover a autonomia e o protagonismo dos usuários, a partir de uma visão integral de sujeito, em que se consideram os diferentes contextos e os grupos sociais de que ele faz parte, incluindo a família. Tal mudança paradigmática contribuiu para o abandono da perspectiva individual na assistência à saúde mental e ampliou o olhar e as ações dos profissionais para os grupos familiares. As problemáticas trazidas por diferentes usuários passam a ser compreendidas com uma visão psicossocial, em que se focalizam as relações interpessoais e familiares. Nesse contexto, este artigo relata uma experiência com um grupo de usuários de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS III) da cidade de Campina Grande-Paraíba, com base na Psicologia Social Comunitária. As intervenções psicossociais tinham o objetivo de promover o protagonismo dos usuários e sua corresponsabilização nos processos familiares, por meio de oficinas semanais sobre temas relacionados à família. Constatou-se que o conceito de família romântica e idealizada ainda faz parte do imaginário desses usuários. Os conflitos familiares foram destacados assim como a importância do diálogo, da reflexão e de outras estratégias para resolver problemas, o que denota posturas mais participativas e críticas. Essa experiência confirmou a relevância do desenvolvimento de ações nos serviços de atenção em saúde mental, focadas tanto na família quanto no usuário, atentos à desconstrução dos modelos de vitimização e culpabilização.
Dores e Delícias em ser Estagiária: o Estágio na Formação em Psicologia
Authors: Santos Aline Carla dos , Nóbrega Danielle Oliveira da
Published: June 2017

Resumo Objetiva-se discutir os resultados de uma pesquisa que investigou o papel dos estágios, na perspectiva discente, para a formação do psicólogo no curso de Psicologia da Universidade Federal de Alagoas na Unidade de Palmeira dos Índios. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo, de caráter qualitativo, com fundamento na Psicologia Sócio-histórica, em que se trabalhou com grupo focal com a participação de seis estudantes de Psicologia, sendo que três delas estavam realizando as práticas de Estágio Básico e as outras três estavam atuando no Estágio Específico. Foram realizados dois encontros desse grupo, na própria Universidade, tendo duração mínima de 50 minutos cada. Nos encontros, foram abordados os temas: trajetória da formação do aluno de Psicologia; apresentação dos estágios; aspectos dos estágios que contribuem para a formação em Psicologia; e relevância dos estágios para a formação em Psicologia. A partir da fala das estudantes, realizou-se análise de conteúdo, encontrando-se três categorias: a) inserção no campo; b) práticas de estágio; e c) frutos do estágio. Os resultados indicam que o estágio exerce um papel relevante por oportunizar experiências que contribuem para a formação em Psicologia e para permitir aproximações com a prática profissional. Através dele, as estagiárias têm a oportunidade de articular a teoria com a prática, pois ao serem inseridas em determinados campos, buscam contextualizar a teoria, as discussões em sala de aula, com a realidade encontrada nas instituições e nas comunidades.
Imagens Sociais sobre Jovens em Acolhimento Institucional
Authors: Wendt Bruna , Dullius Luana , Dell’Aglio Débora Dalbosco
Published: June 2017

Resumo Este estudo investigou as imagens sociais associadas aos jovens em situação de acolhimento institucional e jovens típicos. Participaram 224 pessoas selecionadas por conveniência, com idades entre 18 e 71 anos (M = 33,97, DP = 11,42), sendo que 68,4% já tiveram contato com adolescentes em situação de vulnerabilidade e risco. Foi utilizado um questionário fechado, com 37 palavras para descrever os jovens, com itens em escala Likert. Os resultados indicaram que as características negativas foram mais associadas aos jovens em acolhimento institucional. Análises posteriores apontaram que os participantes que tinham contato com populações em situação de vulnerabilidade e risco percebem os jovens acolhidos como menos batalhadores do que os demais participantes, mas esse contato pouco interfere na percepção acerca deeles. A partir disso, é importante a elaboração de estratégias que levem a uma reflexão social sobre as imagens vinculadas a esses jovens. Destaca-se também a necessidade de capacitação para os profissionais que atuam com esta população, com o objetivo de promover a consciência sobre a estigmatização desses jovens e garantir um acompanhamento favorável ao seu desenvolvimento.
Juventude feminina do meio rural: sentidos sobre educação e perspectivas sobre futuro
Authors: Pizzinato Adolfo , Petracco Milene Mabilde , Hamann Cristiano , Cé João Pedro , Rosa Eduarda Noal
Published: June 2017

Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo promover reflexões a respeito da educação e das perspectivas de futuro de jovens mulheres do meio rural residentes em diferentes municípios do interior do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foram realizadas entrevistas e composições fotográficas, ambas entendidas como produções narrativas, com quarenta e oito jovens. Seguindo um processo analítico embasado nos pressupostos da Teoria Fundamentada, sete entrevistas foram selecionadas e estudadas em profundidade, tendo em vista dois aspectos: serem representativas das mesoregiões do estado e indicarem conteúdos transversais: trajetória educacional, projetos de vida, profissão e futuro. Este estudo aponta que a escola desempenha uma função para além da aprendizagem formal, consistindo em um espaço de lazer e convivência, de construção de identificações e também de projeção para o futuro para além do campo profissional, entretanto, também evidencia a falta de um trabalho de orientação particularizado a essas juventudes.
Violência escolar: percepções de alunos e professores de uma escola pública
Authors: Giordani Jaqueline Portella , Seffner Fernando , Dell'Aglio Débora Dalbosco
Published: June 2017

Resumo Este estudo investigou a percepção de estudantes e de professores acerca da violência no espaço escolar. Participaram 16 professores e 60 alunos de uma escola pública de Porto Alegre/RS. Foram realizados grupos focais, sendo realizados dois grupos de alunos e um grupo de professores. A partir da análise de conteúdo foram estabelecidas quatro categorias discursivas: Violência entre pares, Violência entre alunos e professores, Violência extramuros e Ações de enfrentamento. A violência escolar foi descrita como multifacetada, ocorrendo nas formas verbal e física. Violência intra e extrafamiliar foram percebidas como relacionadas às ocorrências intraescolares. Houve diferenças nas discussões em cada grupo; entretanto, as ações da direção da escola foram pontuadas por todos como relevantes para a resolução dos conflitos. Destaca-se a necessidade de projetos de intervenção que focalizem as relações sociais entre os adolescentes e a formação dos professores e equipe diretiva para atuação nos casos de conflito.
Research evaluation of author’s citation-based performance through the relative author superiority index
Authors: RONDA-PUPO Guillermo Armando
Published: June 2017

Abstract The aim of this paper is to further explore the recent conversation about the indicators for research evaluation through citation-based indexes. It evaluates the Cuban Biotechnology; Applied Microbiology researchers’ citation-based performance, according to their scientific production in journals of the ISI Web of Science database through the Relative Author Superiority Index. The methodology comprises six steps: (1) preparation of the data; (2) calculation of the Percentile Rank Index for each of the papers; (3) calculation of the Author Superiority Index for each of the authors; (4) Calculation of the Relative Author Superiority Index; (5) Comparison of the Author Superiority Index of each author to their Hirsch (H) and G citation indexes and (6) individual or group evaluation of the citation-based performance. The findings suggest that the group of Cuban researchers in biotechnology achieved a high citation-based performance within the analyzed period. The results show the effectiveness of this index to assess the citation performance of individual or group researchers when the impact factor of the researcher or group under evaluation is not high. In addition, the Relative Author Superiority index could be complementary to other previous indicators such as H-index, G-index or citation counts as it overcomes the limitations of the age of publications, length of the author’s career, and the self-citation problem that are present in other indicators.
¿Es rentable el periodismo de calidad? Disposición al pago en Brasil y España
Authors: GÓMEZ Eduardo Francisco RODRÍGUEZ , LOUZADA Claudia FAVARETTO
Published: June 2017

Resumen La profesión periodística afronta una crisis que, al cambio de siglo, se ha agravado con el establecimiento del paradigma digital y son muchos, medios y periodistas, los que se han visto incapacitados para adaptarse al nuevo entorno y aceptar la reforma transversal que la red ha incitado en el modelo de negocio. Este artículo explora la predisposición al pago por el periodismo digital de calidad con la intención de aportar ideas a los profesionales del sector y orientarles en su búsqueda para un negocio sostenible. El texto presenta las reflexiones de 26 periodistas y académicos de Brasil y España que se han recogido mediante entrevistas estandarizadas no programadas. Los resultados muestran la necesidad de fidelizar al público mediante contenido digital exclusivo, participativo y de fácil acceso, aunque se evidencian igualmente las carencias en la formación y adaptación de los profesionales, así como las limitaciones impuestas por el mercado, los internautas y las herramientas digitales.
Effect of racial crossing on the scrotum-testicular biometry in sheep submitted to scrotal insulation
Authors: Lisboa-Neto Antônio F.S. , Mariano-Filho Paulo G. , Carvalho Jean R. , Araújo Morgana S. , Santos Amilton C. , Machado Felicianna C.F. , Silva-Filho Manoel L. , Machado-Júnior Antônio A.N.
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the racial crossing on scrotum-testicular biometric characteristics of four sheep Santa Ines and four crossbred (Santa Ines x Dorper) submitted to scrotal insulation, following the return of these characteristics to values previously reported. For this, two measurements were made regarding the scrotal circumference (SC), length (L) and testicular width (W) before treatments. The testicular volume (V) was calculated by the formula V=2 [(r2) x π x H]. The pouches were made with double-layer plastic, internally lined with cotton, and fixed around the spermatic funiculus and scrotum with adhesive tape and bandage remaining in this position for seven days. Measurements were made every seven days, totaling 15 measurements throughout the experiment. The data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) to a randomized block design with two blocks, 15 treatments and four replications. The variables analyzed were subjected to Dunnett test at 5% probability, to compare the values obtained before and after insulation. For comparison between the breeds, the variables were submitted to Tukey test at 5% probability. All animals studied suffered significant influence (P<0.05) after scrotal insulation, but Santa Ines returned to the values previously observed in a shorter period than the crossbred. In summary, sheep Santa Ines have a higher resistance than crossbred animals when subjected to thermal stress induced by scrotal insulation.
Acompanhamento do envelhecimento humano em centro de convivência
Authors: Moura Maria Martha Duque de , Veras Renato Peixoto
Published: June 2017

Resumo Este artigo discute o papel dos centros de convivência no acompanhamento do envelhecimento humano. A partir de revisão bibliográfica, exploramos história, experiências e possibilidades dos centros de convivência. Percebemos "senicultura" como cultivo, mas também controle social do idoso. Evitando o controle, a rede de cuidados pode nortear suas ações pela autoavaliação do idoso e sua percepção de qualidade de vida. Enfatizamos a importância dos vínculos, a relação cuidador-cuidado como espaço de transformação da maneira de lidar com o envelhecimento. Propomos centros de cuidado como estratégia para evitar o isolamento dos idosos e oportunizar a convivência intergeracional.
Agência material recíproca: uma ecologia para os estudos de ciência
Authors: Maia Carlos Alvarez
Published: June 2017

Resumo Há dicotomias consolidadas na historiografia das ciências que impedem um melhor desenvolvimento das pesquisas. As rupturas mental-material, sujeito-objeto e natureza-sociedade são os obstáculos. Há ainda o embaraço do conflito entre o relativismo e o realismo que acirra essas dicotomias e nelas se fundamenta. O objetivo deste artigo é enfrentar essas querelas e delas se desfazer, ultrapassando-as. A solução apresentada é a consideração do agenciamento das coisas materiais ao lado da ação dos sujeitos humanos. Um estorvo a essa proposta é a orientação de Latour que simula esse resultado por meio de uma retórica hilozoísta. Mostra-se aqui uma alternativa a Latour, desprovida de qualquer animismo, que evidencia a maneira concreta como a agência material dos objetos participa do fazer científico ao lado dos humanos.
História das ideias, história das ciências humanas e sociologia do conhecimento
Authors: Ágoas Frederico
Published: June 2017

Resumo O artigo procura apurar a ascendência recíproca entre sociologia do conhecimento e história das ideias no domínio da história das ciências humanas. Acessoriamente, pretende deixar esboçado um programa de pesquisa preliminar para o domínio em questão que integre os contributos pertinentes das ciências sociais e da história, de modo a contribuir para o diálogo entre programas de pesquisa desenvolvidos de forma paralela, para o desenvolvimento articulado da história da ciência e da história das ciências humanas e para a prossecução de uma sociologia do conhecimento que atenta ao enquadramento político e económico das práticas epistémicas sobre as quais se debruça, sem reduzi-las a processos ou a discursos extrínsecos ou às intenções subjectivas dos agentes em causa.
Simulação do fator de atrito para o escoamento confinado de caulim com diferentes teores de sólidos pelo modelo de SWAMEE – JAIN
Authors: Silva André Luis Mileo Ferraioli , Mesquita André Luiz Amarante , Felipe Augusta Maria Paulain Ferreira , Souza José Antônio da Silva
Published: June 2017

RESUMO Estimar perdas de carga devido à fricção em tubos fechados é uma tarefa importante na solução de muitos problemas práticos nos diferentes ramos da profissão de engenharia. O projeto hidráulico e análise de sistemas de escoamento de suspensão mineral são dois exemplos. Muitos consideram o modelo de Swamee – Jain promissor para avaliar as perdas de carga devido ao atrito em conduto de tubos fechados. Para investigar o fator de atrito o modelo de Swamee – Jain foi empregado para o escoamento confinado de suspensão de caulim com teor de sólidos em massa de 55% (suspensão C), 60% (suspensão B) e 65% (suspensão A) em tubulação de ferro galvanizado com 0,2; 0,3 e 0,5 metros de diâmetro com faixa de vazão de 0,02 a 0,2 m3 por segundo. Todas as suspensões de caulim o aumento do teor de solido e do diâmetro da tubulação contribui para o aumento do fator de atrito para o escoamento confinado em faixa de vazão operacional proporcionando estimativa de valores para utilização em projeto e analise de sistemas de escoamento de caulim.
Carcinoid Syndrome and Costs of Care During the First Year After Diagnosis of Neuroendocrine Tumors Among Elderly Patients
Authors: Shen Chan , Chu Yiyi , Halperin Daniel M. , Dasari Arvind , Zhou Shouhao , Xu Ying , Yao James C. , Shih Ya-Chen Tina
Published: June 2017

Background

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) can secrete hormonal peptides that lead to additional symptom burdens. However, it is largely unknown whether and to what extent the additional symptom burdens translate into higher costs of care. This study aimed to examine the cost pattern of elderly NET patients during the first year of diagnosis, taking into account of the carcinoid syndrome status.

Methods

We used Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Medicare data to identify elderly NET patients diagnosed between January 2003 and December 2011. Patients who had at least two claims indicative of carcinoid syndrome during the 3 months before and after the NET diagnosis were considered to have carcinoid syndrome. We adopted a payer's perspective and quantified economic outcomes using the following three measures: (a) total Medicare reimbursement amount, (b) inpatient amount, and (c) outpatient amount. We used a generalized linear model (GLM) to examine the association between syndrome and costs.

Results

Our study cohort included 6,749 elderly NET well-differentiated and moderately differentiated patients. Of these patients, 5,633 (83%) were alive 1 year after diagnosis with continuous enrollment, and 1,116 (17%) died within 1 year. The multivariable GLM showed significant association between the syndrome and higher total, inpatient, and outpatient costs among the group who survived the whole year; the association was insignificant among the group who died within the first year of diagnosis.

Conclusion

This population-based study showed that NET patients with carcinoid syndrome incurred higher costs of care especially among those who survived the first year of diagnosis.
Economic crisis and integration: Deconstructing social borders in Rhodes Island
Authors: Kimourtzis Panagiotis , Kokkinos Georgios , Papageorgiou Ioannis V , Papageorgiou Ioannis F
Published: June 2017

Greece has been the focus of the mass media because of the ongoing economic crisis and the mixed migration flows that use the country as entry point to Europe. Although conceptually different, both phenomena converge in a vicious cycle that triggers an othering process. The economic crisis transfers Greece from the geopolitical centre to the periphery making the country dependent on the external economic and political decision making. Nevertheless, apart from being at the border, Greece is also the border of Europe. Peripherality appoints to Greece an instrumental role for the management of migration. Boundaries as “thresholds” produce patters of inclusion and exclusion creating by that perceptions of the Self and the Other. To that extent, the instrumental role of Greece as consequence of its peripherisation amplifies locally an othering process. Based on a different function of borders and peripheries, namely the endorsement of antagonistic narratives, this article discusses potential interventions in that vicious cycle. A local cultural diversity in Rhodes, Greece, the Rhodian Muslim community has been the receiving end of diversity management policies with particular emphasis on education throughout the 20th century. The knowledge accumulated may support new efforts countering the othering process. ResumenGrecia se ha situado en el centro de atención de los medios de comunicación a causa de la actual crisis económica y de los flujos migratorios mixtos que utilizan el país como punto de entrada a Europa. Ambos fenómenos convergen en un círculo vicioso que desencadena un proceso de alterización. La crisis económica mueve a Grecia desde el centro geopolítico a la periferia, haciendola dependiente de la toma de decisiones económicas y políticas externas. Además de estar en la frontera, Grecia es también la frontera de Europa. La perifericidad le atribuye un papel instrumental en la gestión de la migración. Los límites como "umbrales" producen patrones de inclusión y exclusión que se crean por esa percepción de Sí mismo y del Otro. El papel instrumental de Grecia como consecuencia de su periferización amplifica localmente un proceso de alterización. Basado en una función diferente de las fronteras y las periferias, y con el respaldo de narrativas antagónicas, en este artículo se discuten posibles intervenciones en ese círculo vicioso. Una diversidad cultural local en Rodas (Grecia), la comunidad musulmana rodesa, ha sido la receptora de las políticas de gestión de la diversidad con particular énfasis en educación a través del siglo XX. El conocimiento acumulado puede respaldar nuevos esfuerzos para contrarrestar el proceso de alterización.
Freedom, Commerce, Bodies, Harm: The Case of Backpage.com
Authors: Swanson Elizabeth
Published: June 2017

This article situates lawsuits against Backpage.com in the context of changing laws and norms of sexual commerce and trafficking, and of evolving legal interpretations of Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act. Section 230 has been used repeatedly to shield internet service providers such as Backpage.com from liability for content generated by third parties that has led to criminal harm to others; in this case, the trafficking and commercial sexual exploitation of minors. Moving to a critique of the law as at times grievously detached from the realities it addresses, I compare the legal strategies and decisions in three prominent cases brought against Backpage.com in St. Louis, Tacoma, and Boston, respectively. This critique identifies the evacuation of gendered bodies and the harm done to them from the court opinions as an example of what Robert Cover has called the “interpretive violence” of the law, and of the judges who interpret and dispense it. I conclude by calling for courts and Congress to act together to disrupt the accumulation of interpretive precedent favoring freedom of commerce and speech over the protection of bodies from harm.
Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid
Authors: Vitaly V Potemkin , Marchenko Olga A , Ageeva Elena V , Malakhova Yuliya I
Published: June 2017

In this article, pathogenesis, clinical features, as well as methods of diagnosis and treatment of ocular mucous membrane pemphigoid are described.
Infectious and sterile endophthalmitis after intravitreal injections: differential diagnosis, prevention, treatment
Authors: Astakhov Yury S , Belekhova Svetlana G , Litvinova Ekaterina A
Published: June 2017

Endophthalmitis is a rare but extremely severe complication of different intraocular procedures. In the article, we analyze world literature data on prevalence, differential diagnosis, prevention methods, and treatment of endophthalmitis after intravitreal injections.
Comparison of cytotoxicity of fluoroquinolone antimicrobial eye drops and its effect on their bioavailability
Authors: Hintuba Tamara S. , Takhtaev Yuri V. , Okolov Igor N. , Motyleva Vera A. , Shlyakman Roman B.
Published: June 2017

In addition to the breadth of activity of antibacterial medications as well as to their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, their safety and bioavailability represent an important aspect. Currently, there is no consensus on fluoroquinolone toxicity. The aim of the present study was to compare the total cytotoxic effect on corneal epithelium and bioavailability of three antibacterial fluoroquinolone eye drops, registered in the Russian Federation: 1) Oftaquix (levofloxacin 5 mg/ml; preservative benzalkonium chloride (BAC) 0.05 mg/ml; produced by Santen Oy, Finland), hereafter levofloxacin (original); 2) Signicef (levofloxacin 5 mg/ml; preservative BAC 0.1 mg/ml; produced by Sentiss Pharma Pvt. Ltd., India), hereafter levofloxacin (generic); 3) Vigamox (moxifloxacin 5 mg/ml; preservative-free; produced by Alcon Laboratories, Inc., USA) hereafter moxifloxacin - using in vivo methods and determining the possible effect of preservative presence (in different concentration) or of its absence on reaching the minimal threshold concentrations of the antibiotic in the anterior chamber fluid, using the high-yield liquid chromatography combined with mass-spectrometric detection. The study showed that tested antibacterial medications could exert a cytostatic effect on the corneal epithelium at in vivo conditions and differ in their cytotoxic potential. Benzalkonium chloride presence in Signicef in a concentration twice as high than that of the main medication (Oftaquix) causes a proven by confocal microscopy effect on the corneal epithelium, and this may influence the bioavailability of the medication.
Confocal microscopy in ocular surface disease
Authors: Potemkin Vitaly V. , Varganova Tatyana S. , Ageeva Elena V.
Published: June 2017

Confocal microscopy is a modern clinical method, which provides in real-time mode a non-invasive possibi lity for in vivo imaging of the cornea, limbus, and conjunctiva. In several ocular surface disorders, this method could be applied for diagnostic purposes, as well as for disease monitoring and treatment efficacy evaluation. In present article, we discuss main changes observed by confocal microscopy in patients with dry eye, and propose our examination algorithm of ocular surface investigation in dry eye disease.
Ophthalmic comlications of functional endoscopic sinus surgery
Authors: Karpishchenko Sergey A. , Beldovskaya Natalya Yu. , Baranskaya Svetlana V. , Karpov Artemiy A.
Published: June 2017

Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is an effective and safe surgical technique, which revolutionized the surgical management of nasal cavity and paranasal sinus diseases. The intimate connection between paranasal sinuses and the orbit places the orbital content at a risk of injury during sinus surgery, especially that of ethmoid sinuses. The orbit, the optic nerve, extraocular muscles and the lacrimal drainage system could be damaged during FESS. The risk of injury correlates to anatomical variations, degree and severity of disease, previous procedure results, and surgical experience. Ophthalmic complications can vary in severity from minor ones, such as localized hematomas, to extremely dangerous, such as optic nerve injury, that could lead to complete blindness. In order to minimize the risk of such complications, it is necessary to consider probable anatomic variations of paranasal sinuses and orbit, which are to be detected by CT scan before surgery.
Orbital lymphangioma
Authors: Potemkin Vitaly V , Marchenko Olga A , Ageeva Elena V , Malakhova Yuliya I
Published: June 2017

In this article, clinical features, methods of diagnostic and treatment options of orbital lymphangioma are described.
Pseudoexfoliation syndrome and ocular adnexa
Authors: Potemkin Vitaly V. , Rakhmanov Vyacheslav V. , Ageeva Elena V. , Alchinova Aisa S. , Meshveliani Elena V.
Published: June 2017

Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX) is a relatively widespread generalized age-related disease of the connective tissue. Therefore, it is reasonable to evaluate the condition of ocular adnexa in patients with PEX. The purpose of the study. To evaluate the state of ocular adnexal tissue in PEX. Methods. Both eyes of 66 patients with PEX and of 64 control individuals were examined in this prospective study. We evaluated the function of the upper eyelid levator muscles and the lower eyelid retractors, horizontal lid laxity (HLL), canthal integrity, degree of retractor disinsertion, and orbicularis muscle tone. Results. The HLL, degree of retractor disinsertion, and the laxity of the medial canthal tendon were statistically expressed in patients with PEX (p 0.05). However, the orbicularis muscle tone and the function of the lower eyelid retractors were statistically lower in these patients (p 0.05). The function of the upper eyelid levator muscles, tone of the lateral canthal tendon and degree of ptosis was found to be similar in both groups. Conclusion. Signs of atonic changes in ocular adnexa are relatively more common in patients with PEX (p 0.05).
Efficacy of 0.01% dexamethasone solution in comprehensive therapy of dry eye disease
Authors: Brzheskiy Vladimir V. , Popov Vladimir Yu. , Kalinina Irina V. , Kalinina Natalia M. , Chenenova Liudmila V.
Published: June 2017

Introduction. The officinal dosage of dexamethasone solution (0.1%) has a marked localized antiinflammatory effect. But the widespread use of this dose in the management of dry eye diseases is limited by the risk of damage to the cornea. Therefore, the authors developed a solution containing 0.01% dexamethasone phosphate in combination with 6% polyvinylpyrolidone and 1.5%–5.5% dextrose [3].  Aim. To study the effects of this novel anti-inflammatory solution on corneal inflammatory processes. Materials and methods. This study included a cohort of 25 patients (50 eyes) with corneal–conjunctival xerosis. Lower tear meniscus index, precorneal tear film production, stability and osmolarity, and the degree of staining of the ocular surface epithelium with vital solutions were assessed prior to the treatment and on day 28 of the study. The presence of the cytokines IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-1Ra, TNF-α, INF-α, and INF-γ in patients’ tear fluid and blood plasma was quantified using ELISA.  All patients were asked to complete a questionnaire to evaluate subjective signs of xerosis of the ocular surface. Results. Statistically significant increases in tear meniscus index, precorneal tear film stability, and main and total tear production, with a significant decrease in tear film osmolarity were observed by day 28 of the study. In addition, positive changes in objective parameters relating to the ocular surface epithelium were further confirmed by the patients’ evaluations of their quality of life. Furthermore, the degree of staining of the ocular surface epithelium with vital solutions also decreased. Conclusions. The results of the study demonstrate the high level of effectiveness of the developed medication as a treatment for dry eye diseases of various etiologies.
Polymorphic markers of the G1639A form of VKORC1 involved in the development of retinal vessel occlusion
Authors: Moshetova Larisa K. , Kaghktsyan Shushanik S. , Sichev Dmitry A. , Turkina Kseniya I. , Grishina Elena A. , Ryzhikova Kristina A. , Sozaeva Zhannet A.
Published: June 2017

Retinal vessel occlusion (RVO) is an eye disease that leads to decreased visual acuity, ultimately resulting in blindness. It is observed in 1%-2% of individuals above the age of 40 years. The etiology of RVO still remains unclear. However, the most widely recognized risk factors include age, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. The number of patients with RVO among the young population has increased in recent years; hence, more attention has been focused on the genetic factors. Polymorphisms in the genes encoding proteins involved in the vitamin K cycle are among the genetic factors that may influence RVO. According to literature, the G1639A polymorphism in the vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 (vKoRc1) is a possible risk factor for RVO.

Purpose. To estimate the association between carriers of the G1639A form of vKoRc1 and the development of venous RVO (VRVO) and arterial RVO (ARVO).

Materials and methods. The study included 126 patients aged between 40 and 80 years, mean age 61.5 years. Genotyping for the presence of the G1639A polymorphism of vKoRc1 was performed using polymerase chain reaction, and statistical analysis was performed using the Instat program.

Results. The GG genotype of G1639A was found to be significantly more common in patients with VRVO or ARVO than in those of the control group (VRVO, 42.6%; ARVO, 60%; control group, 32%; p = 0.0449 for VRVO, and p = 0.0925 for ARVO). However, the AA genotype was significantly less common in patients with VRVO or ARVO than in those of the control group (VRVO, 9.8%; ARVO, 6.7%; control group, 28%; p = 0.0238 for VRVO and p = 0.1593 for ARVO, RR 2.015, 95% confidence interval 1.011-4.16).

Conclusions. Our study demonstrates that the GG genotypic form of the G1639A polymorphism of VKORC1 is associated with the development of VRVO and possibly ARVO. However, the AA genotypic form of this polymorphism is not closely associated with the development of VRVO or ARVO.
A rare late complication of silicone orbital implant
Authors: Khatskevitch Genrikh A , Soloviev Mikhail M , Onokhova Tatiana L , Nikolaenko Vadim P , Panova Tatiana Yu
Published: June 2017

This study describes clinical and radiological implications as well as early surgical treatment results of a rare and late complication of a nonporous silicone orbital implant, in particular its encapsulation with the formation of an inclusion cyst.
A clinical case of acute (middle) macular neuroretinopathy
Authors: Lobanova Marina M , Golikova Elena L
Published: June 2017

This study presents a case of acute (middle) macular neuroretinopathy. Acute onset of this disease corresponds with the appearance of paracentral scotomas and reddish brown lesions on the retina. The pathophysiology is unclear, but recent research suggests a microvascular etiology. Fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography usually reveal normal features. No specific treatment exists.
Superior orbital fissure syndrome caused by an internal carotid artery aneurysm in the cavernous sinus
Authors: Astakhov Yuriy S. , Marchenko Ol’ga A. , Potemkin Vitaly V. , Titarenko Aleksandra I.
Published: June 2017

This article describes a case of superior orbital fissure syndrome caused by an internal carotid artery aneurysm in the cavernous sinus. Etiology, clinical presentations, and diagnostic methods are discussed. Possible regression of signs and symptoms after timely endovascular treatment of an internal carotid artery aneurysm in the cavernous sinus is reported.
Morphological study of idiopathic epiretinal membranes and their cytokine profile
Authors: Altynbaev Ural R , Lebedeva Anna I
Published: June 2017

The article presents comparative morphological analysis and assessment of response to antigens of fibronectin, laminin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in idiopathic epiretinal membranes (iERM). Authors found a comparable positive iERM reaction to fibronectin and GFAP, which indicates the involvement of these cytokines in the development and progression of the posterior segment neurodegenerative process. Cellular elements in the vitreous gel responsible for iERM formation were fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, hyalocytes, and retinal radial glial cells. Retinal radial glial cells play the main role in the recurrent iERM formation.Conclusion. Due to its hemodynamic, nootropic, neurotrophic action, the investigated bioregulatory complex increases the optic nerve tolerance to the stress effect of IOP, SBP, and DBP asynchronous fluctuations, and improves the ocular blood perfusion.
Age-related desynchronosis in primary open-angle glaucoma patients: cause or consequence? Correction possibilities
Authors: Malishevskaya Tatiana N
Published: June 2017

Purpose of this investigation was to study the circadian biologic rhythm dysregulation of intraocular pressure (IOP), blood pressure (BP), and heart rate (HR) in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients of different age groups. Objectives: to reveal the desynchronosis pattern of biologic rhythm parameters in POAG patients, to study the influence of peptide bioregulatory complex on the synchronization of chosen parameters, to investigate correction possibilities from the perspective of the optic nerve tolerance enhancement, ischemia decrease and ocular perfusion improvement.Materials and methods. At the first stage, we performed a representative selection of patients with BP, HR and IOP dysregulation among POAG patients and subjects without glaucoma of corresponding age (n = 330). For mathematic justification of the desynchronosis identification, we used cosinor-analysis of circadian changes of functional indices. At the second stage, we performed a randomized study with parallel comparison groups masked for the investigator estimating the results. Patients with revealed desynchronosis (n = 56) were randomly divided into two groups for comparison. The main group consisted of 27 patients who, in addition to systemic and local pressure-lowering therapy, received 1 tablet of epifamin (Longvi-Farm, Russia) 3 times a day for 30 days; сortexin (Geropharm, Russia) 10 mg daily for 10 days; retinalamin (Geropharm, Russia) 5 mg daily as peribulbar injections for 10 days. 29 control group patients received traditional treatment (vitamins, spasmolytics, antioxydants) together with local and systemic pressure-lowering therapy. In compared groups, we calculated the tolerant pressure level, investigated the dynamics of retinal sensitivity mean deviation (MD), registrated the oscillatory potentials (OP) with the OP index calculation.Results. In elderly patients with glaucoma, significant changes of the temporal order of physiological parameters were found (deviation of IOP daily rhythm curves, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and hemodynamic indices).Conclusion. Through hemodynamic, nootropic, neurotrophic effects of the investigated bioregulatory peptide complex, the optic nerve tolerance to the stress influence of IOP, SBP and DBP asynchronous fluctuations increased, and ocular perfusion enhanced.
Pseudoexfoliation syndrome and meibomian gland dysfunction
Authors: Potemkin Vitaly V , Ageeva Elena V
Published: June 2017

Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX) is a relatively widespread generalized age-related disease of connective tissue. The condition of meibomian glands in patients with PEX was not evaluated yet. Aim. To evaluate the condition of meibomian glands in PEX. Methods. Overall, 132 eyes of 66 patients with PEX syndrome and 128 eyes of 64 patients without it were enrolled in this prospective study. Results. The signs of atonic changes in meibomian glands were similar in both groups. Meibomian glands dysfunction was significantly more expressed in patients with PEX (p 0,05).
A clinical case of knapsack-shaped dermoid orbital cyst
Authors: Marchenko Ol’ga A , Potemkin Vitaly V , Malakhova Yuliya I
Published: June 2017

In the present article, two clinical cases of knapsack-shaped dermoid orbital cyst are presented. Diagnosis and treatment were performed in an ophthalmological department with oncology specialization of a multi-functional hospital.
Effect of chronic administration of nicorandil (a potassium channel activator) on body weight of two different experimental animal species
Authors: Das Sanjib , Alsalhanie Kusai M. , Nauhria Samal , Datta Atindra N.
Published: June 2017

Background: Potassium channel openers (Nicorandil being the prototype) are a distinct class of drugs, used in the management of chronic stable angina pectoris. Obesity is a frequent co-morbid condition and also a risk factor for angina pectoris. Anti-obesity drugs are used more frequently these days than ever before. Therefore, it is more likely that physician would be prescribing at least 2 or more drugs while treating such comorbid conditions. This generates a need for the development of a new drug which would work against both angina and obesity. The resultant effect would be a reduction in the cost burden, incidences of side effects and possible drug- drug interactions as compared to multidrug therapy. The purpose of this study is evaluating the chronic effect of Nicorandil (graded doses) on the body weight in 2 different species of animals i.e. rabbits and mice.Methods: In this study, 30 experimental animals of each species were selected. Pretreatment weight (Mean body weight±SEM) of each group were recorded and compared with the post-treatment values of the respective group in every week up to a period of 4 weeks. The route of administration was an intraperitoneal injection.Results: Chronic administration of nicorandil causes a significant reduction in body weight at moderate to high doses in both species of the study group. (p <0.05).Conclusions: Body weight reducing, an effect of nicorandil in animals, if established in human, could enhance its acceptability in obesity with various ischemic heart diseases including angina.
Relaxant effects of aqueous cold extracts of Carum copticum on smooth muscle
Authors: Megha Vani G. , Ramesh P. , Radhika M. , Devashankaraiah G. , Haranath P. S. R. K.
Published: June 2017

Background: The objective was to study the nature of relaxant effect of cold aqueous extracts of Carum copticum on rat alimentary tract and uterus.Methods: The aqueous cold extracts of Carum copticum (omum) whole seeds (OE1) or ground seeds (OE2) was prepared by leaving them (10g to 100mL) in distilled water for 4 hrs. Rat isolated tissues like stomach, duodenum, jejunum or uterus 4 cm pieces were mounted in a 20mL bath containing Tyrode solution or De Jalons at 37°C with continuous aeration. The effect of Carum copticum extracts and thymol on spontaneous activity of intestine and on acetylcholine (ACh), Histamine (H), Barium chloride (BaCl2) induced contractions or Adrenaline produced (Adr) relaxations were observed. Thymol content of omum was estimated by HPLC.Results: Omum extracts decreased or abolished spontaneous contractions of intestine but did not antagonize the contractions induced by ACh, H or relaxation induced by adrenaline. Thymol did not show any such effect. The stimulant action of BaCl2 was antagonized by aqueous cold extracts of omum similar to Papaverine.Conclusions: The relaxant effect of Carum copticum on rat intestine appears to be a direct effect on smooth muscle like papaverine.
Prospective, randomized double blind comparative study of safety and efficacy of carvedilol versus atenolol in patients of mild to moderate hypertension
Authors: R. Swathi Ratnam , P. Usha Kiran , Rajasekhar S. V. R. , Naidu M. Prasad
Published: June 2017

Background: Carvedilol is a new cardiovascular compound with the combined pharmacologic properties of nonselective ß-blockade and vasodilation. The Aim of the study was to compare the safety and antihypertensive efficacy of 25mg Carvedilol once daily with 50mg atenolol once daily in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension.Methods: This was a single center study conducted in Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada. 80 eligible patients with mild to moderate hypertension were randomized to receive 25mg Carvedilol once daily (40 patients) or 50mg atenolol (40 patients) in a double-blind 12-week treatment phase. At each visit 0, 4, 8 and 12 weeks of treatment, sitting Blood Pressure (BP) and heart rate were measured. The effect on BP reduction within the group is compared by paired “t”test and the effect on reduction of BP between two study groups compared by unpaired “t”test.Results: After 12 weeks of treatment, the mean reduction of SBP (Systolic Blood Pressure) with carvedilol is 22.33±8.31mmHg with no Significant difference (p >0.05) compared to atenolol group mean reduction in SBP of 21.37±10mm Hg. The mean reduction in DBP (Diastolic Blood Pressure) after completion of the study in carvedilol group is 6.75±4.82mm Hg with no Significant difference (p >0.05) compared to atenolol group mean reduction in DBP of 8.55±5.25mm Hg. No significant difference seen in the efficacy parameters of both the drugs. The incidence of adverse effects such as bradycardia, headache, nausea, vomiting, hypotension and rash is less with carvedilol.Conclusions: In patients with mild to moderate hypertension, there was no statistically significant difference between efficacy of carvedilol or atenolol with regard to the degree of reduction in BP or the percentage of patients achieving a response to therapy but carvedilol showed a better safety profile when compared to atenolol.
Comparative effect of vildagliptin and teneligliptin on HbA1c, glycemic efficacy and insulin sensitivity
Authors: Chudiwal Tushar B.
Published: June 2017

Background: Vildagliptin, a potent and selective dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, increases the availability of endogenous incretin hormones, glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1), and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, thereby improving glycemic control. The objective of this study is to further investigate the insulin sensitizing properties of Vildagliptin in comparison to those of Teneligliptin.Methods: Naive subjects with T2DM were administered 50-100mg/day Vildagliptin monotherapy (n = 53). As a comparator, monotherapy, 20mg/day Teneligliptin monotherapy was performed in a non-randomized manner (n=58). No other drugs were administered. At 3 month, levels of diabetic parameters were compared with those at baseline.Results: At 3 months, while similar reductions of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were observed with these two drugs, indexes for insulin sensitivity homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)-R ameliorated only with Vildagliptin. Then, the subjects were divided into two groups representing distinct degrees of insulin resistance; high HOMA-R (C4) and low HOMA-R (2) groups. With Vildagliptin, similar decreases of HbA1c levels were observed in high (10.85-8.66%, p\0.0005) and low (11.12-8.91%, p\0.01) HOMA-R groups. HOMA-R (-31.9%, p\0.05) and non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C, -7%, p\0.05) levels significantly decreased. HOMA-B levels increased in both groups with significant inter-group differences (102.1 % in low HOMA-R group vs. 53.4 % in high HOMA-R group). Group 2. With Teneligliptin similar decreases of HbA1c levels were observed from those of vildagliptin in either high or low HOMA-R group, but no changes of HOMA-R, non-HDL-C levels were noted. Increases of HOMA-B levels with teneligliptin were comparable to those with vildagliptin in either high or low HOMA-R group.Conclusions: These results indicate that vildagliptin ameliorates insulin sensitivity and non-HDL-C levels in subjects with high degrees of insulin resistance and vildagliptin also shows glycemic efficacy by decreasing HbA1c. This is not the case with teneligliptin though similar glycemic efficacies were observed.