bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The situation and efficiency of using E-learning training model at Can Tho University
Authors: Pham Tam Phuong , Nguyen Tan Minh
Published: April 2021

Can Tho University, as a key university in the Mekong Delta region, has strived to exploit E-learning in order to create opportunities and advances to meet learning demands of students inside and outside the region. The paper, based on the university’s E-learning model, analyzes and assesses the reality and proposes some policies to develop this form of training to become one of the common practices of training in the coming time, creating more opportunities for people and communities to participate in a learning society, following the inevitable future trend.
Inquiry-based learning: an effective approach to teaching science aiming to develop students’ competencies
Authors: Bui Linh Thi Ngoc , Khuu Vu Thuan
Published: April 2021

Competency-based learning is among major changes of 2018 in Vietnam’s school curriculum, where teaching and learning aim to help school students develop core qualities and competencies in order to be successful in school, life, and prospective workplace. As this educational approach is relatively unfamiliar to Vietnamese teachers, they may feel confused about appropriate teaching strategies allowing them to obtain the new teaching goals. This would be the case when teachers have to teach integrated subjects such as Science in lower-secondary education. This paper will elaborate why inquiry-based instruction could be an effective approach that enables secondary teachers to accomplish their professional work in terms of facilitating their students to develop core competencies and those in Science. Some recommendations on teacher education and training will be made to enhance the successful implementation of inquiry-based teaching in Vietnamese classrooms.
Online Tests in the Trend of Education 4.0: An Empirical Study in Mathematics at High Schools of Can Tho City
Authors: Bui Tuan Anh , Nguyen Nghia Huu , Tran Thao Thi Thu , Nguyen Anh Ngoc Phuong
Published: April 2021

In the trend of Education 4.0, the assessment of learning results through online tests is increasingly widespread and important because of its usability and mobility. In addition, it is also adaptable in the volatile situations of today's society such as natural disasters, epidemics, war, etc. The paper presents the results of an empirical study in Mathematics at high schools in Can Tho city on the comparison of outcomes between online tests and paper tests. The initial statistical analysis results show that the evaluation of learning results by online tests has high consensus among the experimental group. Furthermore, the advantages and suggestions for improvement are also pointed out and discussed in this work.
Pearls of Wisdom from Rod Laver, AC, MBE
Authors: Young Janet A.
Published: April 2021

This paper reviews Rod Laver’s game and the role of his first coach from Rod’s own perspective, as reported in his autobiography, Rod Laver: A Memoir. Several implications for coaches are proposed.
Pengaruh Rasionalisme Abduh dalam pemikiran Harun Nasution
Authors: Amir Ahmad nabil
Published: April 2021

Kertas ini cuba menguraikan kesan-kesan penting dan berpengaruh dari prinsip dan filsafat rasional al-Shaykh al-Imam Muhammad Abduh (1849-1905) terhadap teologi pemikiran Harun Nasution (1919-1998). Kesan ini diperlihatkan dalam karya-karya penting Harun Nasution seperti “Kaum Mu‘tazilah dan Pandangan Rasionalanya” [The Mu‘tazilah and Rational Philosophy] (diterjemahkan dalam Defenders of Reason in Islam oleh Martin et al), Muhammad Abduh dan Teologi Rasional Mu‘tazilah [Jakarta: Penerbit Universitas Indonesia, 1987] (intisari dari tesis doktoralnya yang berpengaruh “The Place of Reason in Abduh’s Theology: Its Impact On His Theological System And Views”) yang melacak dua karya monumental Abduh Risalah al-Tawhid dan Hashiyah ‘ala Sharh al-Dawwani li al-‘Aqa’id al-‘Adudiyyah. Ia menzahirkan kekuatan pengaruh Abduh dan pandangan dunia rasionalnya dalam pemikiran Harun Nasution. Dengan usaha Harun membawa faham rasionalisme Islam dan prinsip nalar mu‘tazilah ini ke dalam ranah masyarakat yang masih terpuruk dengan faham konservatif yang tebal beliau ditentang keras oleh ulama-ulama ortodoks yang radikal yang menyangkal paham dan ideologi mu‘tazilah dan teologi liberal yang dibawanya. Tulisan ini cuba melacak kesan dari usaha Harun dalam mengembangkan ide kebebasan dan prinsip tawhid yang digagaskan Abduh dan pengaruhnya dalam sejarah moden Indonesia serta sikap umum dalam menanggapi dan merespon keabsahan fikiran dan idealisme yang dilontarkan yang dianggap mengancam dan menggugat aqidah Asya‘irah.
Politik Hukum dalam Undang-Undang No. 38 Tahun 1999 Tentang Pengelolaan Zakat Perspektif Maqasid al-Risalah
Authors: Solikhudin Muhammad , Putri Oktaria Ardika
Published: April 2021

This paper tries to explain the legal policy of the law carried out by the Indonesian government about zakat which is an obligation for capable Muslims as a manifestation of human empathy to others in need. Zakat has a noble goal, namely to alleviate poverty and eliminate social inequality in society. This objective is in line with one of the objectives of the Indonesian government which has been mandated in the opening of the 1945 Constitution, namely to advance public welfare. Thus, the management of zakat in Indonesia will be better, if implemented by the government, given that zakat is a very potential source of funds that can be used for public welfare for all Indonesian people. This article explains the process of formulating zakat laws in Indonesia, the substance of Islamic law in zakat, and the purpose of the Law (maqa>s}id al-risa>lah) about zakat in Indonesia, so that readers can fully comprehend the purpose of zakat law.
PENERAPAN PEMBAGIAN HARTA WARISAN DI ANTARA AHLI WARISNYA DZAWIL FURUD MENUNJUKKAN BAHWA ANGKA PEMBILANG LEBIH BESAR DARI ANGKA PENYEBUT PASAL 192 KOMPILASI HUKUM ISLAM (KHI)
Authors: Syuhada' Syuhada'
Published: April 2021

Islamic inheritance, Farâ'idh or Islamic inheritance regulates various matters in the distribution of inheritance to those entitled to receive it on the basis of the provisions stipulated in the Qur'an, the sunnah of the Holy Prophet. and scholars agreement. The maker of farâ'idh or Islamic inheritance is Allah. The object is a relic. the goal can be to give heir rights to inheritance in accordance with the guidelines of Islamic law based on the Al-Qur'an, Al-Hadit, Al-?Ijmâ  and Al-Qiyâs. Inheritance in Islam contains the rule of law regarding the transfer of corpses property definitively and contains a pure package from Allah SWT (tauqifi), that is why the verses of the Qur’an that explain about inheritance are not many, only three places regulate in detail, detail, and clear. Even so al-Qur'an still provides ijtihâd space in understanding the Qur'anic texts related to the explanation of inheritance law.

KHI article 192 " Apabila dalam pembagian warisan di antara para ahli warisnya Dzawil furud menunjukkan bahwa angka pembilang lebih besar dari angka penyebut, maka angka penyebut dinaikkan sesuai dengan pembilang, dan baru sesudah itu harta warisnya dibagi secara aul menurut angka pembilang ".

The heirs in KHI article 192 are heirs only consisting of Dzawil furud, the heirs who receive a definite share. The portion received by Dzawil furud is a definite part, namely: 1 / 2,14.1 / 8, and 2/3, 1 / 3.1 / 6), the part must be given by Dzawil furud in full, meaning that it should not be added let alone reduced, but the other side of inheritance is not sufficient to be given to the heirs in full, therefore, done in Aul.

The Aul case in article 192 KHI only applies to the heirs of Dzawil furud, the heirs who received the definite portion that has been explained by Allah. in the Qur'an definitively

In Aul's case the gains of each of Dzawil furud were reduced and decreased according to their share, even though the reduction was different but the fact of the reduction was the same. Because both are reduced and the same reduction is still a fair category.

The Aul case in article 192 KHI was included in the domain of fiqh so that it was included in the category of ijtihad problems but there was still a chance of a difference
Emergency Remote Teaching in Higher Education During Covid-19: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Jili Nokukhanya N , Ede Chuks I , Masuku Mfundo Mandla
Published: April 2021

The third quarter of 2020 marks the closure of on-campus face-to-face pedagogies in South Africa’s institutions of higher learning due to Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The need to maintain social distancing necessitated the transition to emergency remote teaching. A few institutions of higher learnings could move their classes effectively to online and distance education platforms because of their pre-existing experience and some grapple with managing the ‘new normal’. This article reflects on the challenges and opportunities of an emergency remote teaching in institutions of higher learnings during the COVID-19 pandemic. The article adopted a qualitative approach through relevant literature and policy reviews to critically analyse emergency remote teaching during the era of COVID-19. The findings indicate that some staff and students experience challenges related to the lack of resources and exposure to remotely use information and communication technology. The article acclaims that institutions of higher learnings should acquire suitable information and communication technology equipment and develop the requisite facilities, implement rules and regulations for their availability, and adequate maintenance. This recommends promoting technologically compliant ethics within the institution, provide easy access to teaching and learning by both students and academic staff at an affordable and fixed (secure) cost in safe, conducive, and unrestricted environments for students.
Written Network Communication: Communicative Needs and Ambiguity of Interpretations
Authors: Sokol Mariana , Petryshyna Olga , Misko Volodymyr , Mykolenko Tetiana , Palykhata Eleonora , Shtafirna Lilia
Published: April 2021

Social networks are dynamic, accessible virtual planes of communication, through which users carry out the cross-border and transient exchange of information and emotions, meeting their communication needs. The article outlines the main aspects of written communication, its communicative needs, and the ambiguity of interpretations.The constant growth of the popularity of social networks with the simultaneous displacement of the importance of live, direct communication forces scientists in various fields, including the theory of communication, communicative linguistics, to rethink the phenomenon of "communication". It is about creating a special discourse, which is caused by the specifics of the communication channel/code between communicators and the virtual chronotype. Attention has been drawn to written communication on social networks in terms of speakers’ intentions, the interpretation of explicit and implicit information, its impact on the participants of communication, the formation of the special culture of communication (non-library), etc.Specificity in the written form of communication in the social media has been caused by many factors: the readiness or unreadiness of the virtual interlocutor to interact; dominance of visual perception, hence, special attention of recipients to the layout, structuring of the text, volume, photo accompaniment, etc.; knowledge of the latest trends in online communication (fashion clichés, abbreviations, slang, memes); replacement or substitution of non-verbal means by various means of paragraphemics, for example, smilies, stickers, pictures, animation, etc.; developing of a specific network chronotype, in which there are no time limits and which is constantly expanding in volume due to the multiplicity of accounts, texts, chats, groups.Not everyone who communicates on social media knows the intentions of other people. On the one hand, such communication generates the selectivity or concealment of true meanings in the author's texts and on the other hand, additional meanings are taken on during the recipients’ interpretation.
O brincar das crianças na escola em tempo integral: tensões entre as fronteiras territoriais e as culturas infantis
Authors: Ferreira Alessandra Amaral , De Souza Maria Celeste Reis Fernandes
Published: April 2021

O artigo se sustenta na defesa da educação integral em tempo integral na Educação Infantil e visa contribuir para ampliar o debate nesse campo, ao tomar como objeto o brincar das crianças de 5 anos, em uma escola municipal, na qual elas permanecem 8 horas diárias. Como questão norteadora, indaga-se sobre as configurações do brincar dessas crianças na Escola em Tempo Integral. O referencial teórico estabelece um diálogo com autores da Sociologia da Infância que reconhecem a centralidade do brincar como constitutivo das culturas infantis, e autores do campo da Geografia que tematizam território e territorialidade. Participam do estudo 22 crianças e, para capturar as configurações do brincar, foram utilizados para a coleta dos dados: observação do cotidiano da escola, análise de documentos e rodas de conversa com as crianças. A análise coloca em evidência as tensões entre as culturas infantis e as fronteiras territoriais que buscam conformar o brincar das crianças na Escola em Tempo Integral (ETI). Os resultados indicam a forma escolar presente nas configurações do brincar e os escapes propiciados pelas práticas do brincar na imbricação território/territorialidade. As conclusões permitem refletir sobre a necessidade de reconhecimento, no tempo integral, de que o brincar é parte da cultura infantil, tem centralidade na infância e, portanto, é um direito das crianças.
Um olhar sobre o curso de pedagogia: práticas docentes predominantes.
Authors: Pieczkowski Tania Mara Zancanaro
Published: April 2021

Distintas tendências pedagógicas orientaram práticas docentes em cada tempo histórico, muito embora, mesmo que predominantes, não se apresentem como exclusivas de uma época. O problema de pesquisa que orientou o estudo assim se constitui: As práticas pedagógicas nas aulas do curso de Pedagogia fortalecem o protagonismo estudantil no processo de ensino e aprendizagem? O estudo objetivou identificar quais são os elementos pedagógicos predominantes nas práticas pedagógicas de professores formadores do curso de Pedagogia durante as aulas e como os estudantes avaliam essas metodologias. As materialidades empíricas foram obtidas por meio de questionários, com questões fechadas e abertas, aplicados a estudantes dos períodos finais do curso de Pedagogia e examinados por meio da Análise de Conteúdo. O estudo evidenciou que ensinar não se resume à transmissão de saberes elaborados por outros. É preciso mobilizar o estudante para a elaboração do conhecimento.
Tecnologias digitais no ensino e na formação docente segundo a visão de estudantes de licenciatura em matemática
Authors: Idem Rita de Cássia , Scucuglia Rodrigues da Silva Ricardo
Published: April 2021

Este estudo qualitativo objetivou apresentar e discutir as visões de futuras docentes em relação à integração das tecnologias digitais no ensino de Matemática e na formação de professores. Participaram da pesquisa, quatro estudantes em níveis distintos do curso de Licenciatura em Matemática de uma universidade pública paulista. Os dados foram produzidos por meio de gravação em áudio no contexto de um curso de extensão universitária, que configura o cenário da pesquisa. Esse curso teve como público-alvo professores e futuros professores de Matemática e abordou as possibilidades do GeoGebra para o ensino e para a aprendizagem de Geometrias Plana e Espacial, além de promover discussões sobre a integração das tecnologias digitais no ensino. Este estudo que se apresenta foca em uma discussão ocorrida em um dos encontros do curso. Essa discussão foi considerada uma entrevista coletiva e foi analisada à luz de processos qualitativos. Os resultados, que são apresentados por meio de categorias e subcategorias, evidenciam que as estudantes consideram que as tecnologias digitais são importantes tanto no aprendizado de conteúdos matemáticos, como na formação dos futuros professores, mas avaliam que essa temática tem sido negligenciada em sua própria formação docente e no ensino de Matemática na Educação Básica.
Kinesthetic differentiation, kinematic and dynamic parameters in sports climbing competitors of varying ability levels
Authors: Gąsior Paweł
Published: April 2021

Aim of the study: To determine the differences in dynamic and kinematic parameters and kinesthetic differentiation of movement between competitors practicing sports climbing at different levels of advancement. Material and methods: The research group consisted of 30 men ( x _ = 25.6 years). The respondents were divided according to their level of experience (amateur, intermediate, advanced) into three groups of ten people. Measurements were taken of: relative strength, relative power and climbing speed for the upper and lower limbs using the Myotest accelerometer (Switzerland). To assess kinesthetic differentiation of movement, a two-plate stabilographic scale test (double-plate posturograph) was used. Results and conclusions: In climbers of greater ability we observed higher values for kinematic and dynamic parameters of the upper limbs. In the evaluation of the same parameters for the lower limbs we observed inverse relationships with climbing ability. Advanced climbers were characterized by lower relative power and relative strength of the lower limbs and also by a lower climbing speed. Compared with the amateurs, the advanced climbers who practice bouldering are characterized by a higher level of kinesthetic differentiation in posturographic tests for the shoulder girdle. The research results did not display any statistically significant differences in the level of abilities for kinesthetic differentiation of movement in measurements involving lower limbs. The research confirmed that dynamic and kinematic parameters of the upper limbs, including relative strength, relative power and climb speed, are significant determinants of the ability level of a boulderer. In the assessment of the lower limbs, these parameters do not influence ability level in bouldering. Thanks to the use of an innovative method of examining kinesthetic sensation, we noted that climbers of greater ability are more susceptible to the short-term effect of learning kinesthetic sensation when differentiating active strength (action) in the upper limbs. The double-plate posturograph is a tool which may be used for training and observing changes in terms of these coordination abilities. In response to the inclusion of climbing in the program for the Olympics as a three event competition, the introduction of training measures influencing relative power and strength parameters of the lower limbs should be considered. Optimizing training based on the development of relative power and speed of the lower limbs in competitors who practice bouldering may improve performance in speed climbing which, in the context of the multi-event competition, is of great importance.
Dealing with deepfakes – an interdisciplinary examination of the state of research and implications for communication studies
Authors: Godulla Alexander , Hoffmann Christian P. , Seibert Daniel
Published: April 2021

Using artificial intelligence, it is becoming increasingly easy to create highly realistic but fake video content - so-called deepfakes. As a result, it is no longer possible always to distinguish real from mechanically created recordings with the naked eye. Despite the novelty of this phenomenon, regulators and industry players have started to address the risks associated with deepfakes. Yet research on deepfakes is still in its infancy. This paper presents findings from a systematic review of English-language deepfake research to identify salient discussions. We find that, to date, deepfake research is driven by computer science and law, with studies focusing on deepfake detection and regulation. While a number of studies address the potential of deepfakes for political disinformation, few have examined user perceptions of and reactions to deepfakes. Other notable research topics include challenges to journalistic practices and pornographic applications of deepfakes. We identify research gaps and derive implications for future communication studies research.
Acroterius gen. nov. (Araneae: Linyphiidae: Linyphiinae) with twelve new species from Yunnan, China
Authors: Irfan Muhammad , Bashir Shahida , Peng Xianjin
Published: April 2021

Acroterius gen. nov. is described from Yuannan, together with twelve new species: A. absentus gen. et sp. nov. (♂); A. brevis gen. et sp. nov. (♂/♀); A. camur gen. et sp. nov. (♂/♀); A. circinatus gen. et sp. nov. (♂/♀); A. hamatus gen. et sp. nov. (♀); A. inversus gen. et sp. nov. (♀); A. latus gen. et sp. nov. (♂/♀); A. longidentatus gen. et sp. nov. (♀); A. longimultus gen. et sp. nov. (♂/♀); A. longiprojectus gen. et sp. nov. (♀); A. ovatus gen. et sp. nov. (♀), and A. parvus gen. et sp. nov. (♀). Detailed descriptions of genitalic characters and somatic features by means of photographs and line drawings, as well as comparisons with closely related species, are provided.
A velhice na obra de Ronaldo Fraga
Authors: Teixeira Débora Pires
Published: April 2021

O objetivo desse artigo é analisar a representação da velhice na obra do estilista brasileiro Ronaldo Fraga. Metodologicamente, constitui-se de uma reflexão teórica sobre velhice e moda, a partir de três desfiles do estilista no São Paulo Fashion Week (2009, 2017, 2018), nos quais o velho apareceu como modelo. Percebe-se que Fraga propõe a ruptura das representações negativas da velhice, tal como a feiura, o isolamento social, a inatividade etc. E, pelo contrário, os desfiles mostraram possíveis subversões dessas representações, na qual os velhos são convidados por Fraga a assumirem seus símbolos do envelhecimento e a encontrarem beleza neles.
Nouvelle réglementation internationale du risque de marché : rôles de la VaR et de la CVaR dans la validation des modèles
Authors: Hassani Samir Saissi , Dionne Georges
Published: April 2021

Dans cette note, nous modélisons les nouveaux aspects quantitatifs de la gestion du risque de marché des banques que Bâle a décidé en 2016 et mis en vigueur en janvier 2019. Le risque de marché est mesuré par la valeur à risque conditionnelle, ou CVaR, à un degré de confiance de 97,5 %. Le backtest réglementaire reste, en grande partie, basé sur la VaR à 99 %. De plus, à titre de procédures statistiques supplémentaires comme suggéré par Bâle, des backtests complémentaires sur la VaR et la CVaR doivent être effectués. Nous appliquons ces tests sur différentes distributions paramétriques et utilisons des mesures non paramétriques de la CVaR, dont la CVaR- et la CVaR+ comme compléments de validation des distributions utilisées. Nos données sont relatives à une période de turbulences extrêmes des marchés. Avec huit distributions paramétriques mises à l’épreuve par ces données, nos résultats montrent que l’information obtenue sur leurs performances empiriques est très liée aux conclusions des backtests des modèles.
Supply Chain Finance Factors: An Interpretive Structural Modeling Approach
Authors:   Symbiosis International University, Symbiosis School of Banking and Finance, Marak Zericho , Pillai Deepa ,   Symbiosis International University, Symbiosis School of Banking and Finance
Published: April 2021

Purpose: The present study aims to identify the critical factors of supply chain finance and the interrelationship between the factors using interpretive structural modeling. Methodology: Factors of supply chain finance were identified from the literature and experts from both industry and academia were consulted to assess the contextual relationships between the factors. Then, we applied interpretive structural modeling to examine the interrelationships between these factors and find out the critical factors. Findings: The model outcome indicates information sharing and workforce to be the most influential factors, followed by the automation of trade and financial attractiveness. Originality/value: Previous literature identified various factors that influence supply chain finance. However, studies showing interrelationships between these factors are lacking. This study is unique in the field as it applies total interpretive structural modeling for assessing the factors that affect supply chain finance. Our model will aid practitioners’ decision-making and the adoption of supply chain finance by providing a necessary framework.
Toward Wideband Frequency Rejection: An Efficient Frequency Selective Scheme
Authors: Nadjari W. , Nourinia J. , Majidzadeh M.
Published: April 2021

This paper outlines a Frequency Selective Surface configuration designed for wideband filtering characteristics. The proposed design topology includes two-layer conductive elements printed on an FR4 substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm. On the front side, a square loop and four branches are placed, and on the other side of the substrate, there is another square loop supported by two modified vertical arms. The use of square loops as one of the trendy elements in frequency selective designs provides the opportunity to tune the resonances and obtain the desired Performance; The proposed 10 mm × 10 mm frequency selective surface unit cell structure rejects the frequency band of 2-14 GHz covering WiMAX, WLAN, and X band in-service frequency ranges. It has three resonant frequencies and works well in various incident angles. There is a good match between the simulated results and the tested results. Stable frequency response, simple structure, and easy production are useful features of the developed scheme.
Evaluation of the Apical Sealing Ability of Resin and Silicon Based Sealers by Dye Extraction Method: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Unwala Abbas Saifuddin , Shenoy Vanitha Umesh , Margasahayam Sumanthini V , Mandal Shouvik S
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Thorough, chemo-mechanical preparation of the root canal is required to completely eliminate microorganisms from the dentinal tubules. Faulty obturation in the apical area is the pathway from which bacteria and their toxins pass on to the periapical area and this leakage can be studied by sealability studies. Aim: To evaluate the apical sealing ability of three sealers i.e., AH Plus, Roekoseal and Adseal using passive dye penetration test and a dye extraction test with Methylene blue dye to evaluate the apical leakage. Materials and Methods: The present study was an experimental in-vitro study, carried out at MGM Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India over a period of 10 months (from August 2013 to May 2014). Eighty freshly extracted human permanent maxillary central incisor teeth were obtained. The crowns of the teeth were sectioned at/below cemento-enamel junction and divided into five groups: Groups I, II and III were obturated with gutta-percha and three different sealers, and groups IV and V were the two control groups. Passive dye penetration test was performed to evaluate penetration of the dye by means of capillarity followed by dye extraction test. At the end of dye extraction procedure, the supernatant solution obtained was analysed using an Ultraviolet spectrophotometer. Significance was set at 5%. Statistical analysis was performed by using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) statistical software version 20 (Armonk, New York, United States). The normality of data in each group was tested using Shapiro-Wilk test. The mean absorbance values of the five groups were compared using one-way ANOVA. Further to compare the level of absorbance of dye among various groups, Tukey’s post-hoc test was applied. Results: The mean values of dye absorbance of all groups were as follows, AH Plus (0.02638), Roekoseal (0.06713), Adseal (0.03575), positive control group (1.36250) and negative control group (0.01894). One-way ANOVA showed p<0.001, thus indicating there was a significant difference between the dye absorbance values of all the groups. Tukey’s post-hoc test showed statistically significant difference in dye absorbance of the experimental groups when compared to positive control group. There was no significant difference in dye absorbance when experimental groups were compared to each other. When AH Plus was compared with Roekoseal, the p-value was 0.568 and 0.997 with Adseal whereas when Roekoseal was compared with Adseal the p-value was 0.778. Conclusion: The mean dye absorbance value of AH Plus was found to be least and that of Roekoseal was highest in the experimental groups. AH Plus gave the best results, as least dye was extracted from this group, indicating least dye penetration and minimum microleakage followed by Adseal and Roekoseal.
Emergency LSCS in a Parturient with Pre-eclampsia and HELLP Syndrome with Altered Renal Functions Managed with Regional Anaesthesia
Authors: Shah Pooja Arpan , Mehta Mehul , Patel Jatin
Published: April 2021

Haemolysis, Elevated Liver enzyme levels, and Low Platelet (HELLP) syndrome is characterised by haemolysis (abnormal peripheral blood smear, increased unconjugated bilirubin), elevated liver enzyme and decreased platelet count. It is an advanced stage of pre-eclampsia. Pre-eclampsia is defined as blood pressure >140/90 mmHg with proteinuria with or without pedal oedema. HELLP syndrome account for 24% of maternal mortality and 40% of perinatal mortality. Anaesthetic management of such parturient is also challenging. This report is about a 35-year-old female patient with HELLP syndrome and altered renal function requiring LSCS. She was managed with regional anaesthesia.
Airway Challenges in a Preterm Neonate with Undiagnosed Complete Tracheal Rings Posted for Surgery
Authors: Bhokare Pratika Pradeep , Kulkarni Sayli Rajendra
Published: April 2021

Preterm neonates are defined as those born before 37 weeks. The anatomical features of preterm neonates vary from that of an adult, such that they have a large tongue, an anterior funnel shaped larynx, angled vocal cords and an omega shaped epiglottis. Their physiological development also differ as they have a greater risk for apnoea of prematurity, airflow obstruction, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, low functional residual capacity and decreased transient oxygen tension. Congenital airway anomalies have a prevalence rate of 0.2-1 in 10,000 live births. Congenital Tracheal Stenosis (CTS) caused by complete tracheal rings is one of the rarest forms of all the airway anomalies that occur, which is characterised by presence of complete ‘O’ shaped cartilaginous rings of trachea devoid of a membranous part. The case discussed in the article is that of a day 26 preterm neonate with increasing abdominal distension and failure to thrive. The neonate was posted for an urgent exploratory laparotomy for abdominal decompression and ileostomy. Patient was kept on Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) support for four days immediately after birth; however, intubation was never attempted nor required. With a history of respiratory depression and lack of history of previous intubation, difficult airway cart was kept ready prior to surgery. Supraglottic Airway (SGA) devices were at the core of airway rescue in this case of undiagnosed CTS. This case report shows how and why a preparation for difficult airway in preterm neonates is a necessity. It will provide as a guide if a similar case is encountered by the anaesthetist.
Аристарх и Архимед: «беспредельная» Земля и измеримый Космос, "Природа"
Authors: КУЗЬМИН А.В.
Published: April 2021

Открытия, сделанные Аристархом Самосским и его последователем Архимедом относительно формы и размеров Космоса, «переместили» рассуждения о размере Земли и масштабах Космоса из мифологии в область научного анализа, основанного на геометрии Евклида. В статье обсуждаются геометрические аспекты античных моделей Космоса, ставших основой представлений периода Ренессанса.
Успехи и перспективы лабораторной астрохимии, "Земля и Вселенная"
Authors: Вибе Д.З. , Столяров А. В.
Published: April 2021

За последние несколько десятков лет в наблюдательной астрономии накоплено множество неоспоримых свидетельств того, что в межзвездной и околозвездной среде работает мощный химический реактор по выработке молекулярного вещества – сложного, даже по «земным» меркам, элементного состава и строения. Более того, неожиданное многообразие и уникальность регистрируемых в космосе молекул явно противоречат нашим «земным» представлениям о возможных путях и механизмах протекания реакций неорганического и органи ческого синтеза в «суровых» косми ческих условиях. Установление детальной кинетической схемы образования и причин выживания сложных молекулярных соединений, обнаруженных на разных стадиях эволюции космических объектов, оказалось нетри виальной задачей для «земной» химии. Решение этой головоломки привлекло внимание профессиональных химиков, специализирующихся в области молекулярной спектроскопии, квантовой механики и строения молекул, химии высоких энергий и низких температур, химии твердого тела, а также кинетики и гетерогенного катализа.
Три Звезды Героя: знания и страсти. Несколько страниц из жизни великого ученого нашей Родины М.В. Келдыша (окончание), "Земля и Вселенная"
Authors: Губарев В.С.
Published: April 2021

Этот очерк я писал более полувека назад – с того самого дня, когда познакомился с академиком Мстиславом Всеволодовичем Келдышем, ученым в области прикладной математики и механики, организатором отечественной науки, идеологом космической программы, Президентом Академии наук СССР (1961–1975; ЗиВ, 2011, № 1). Он был трижды Героем Социалистического труда. Мне кажется, что это были своеобразные вехи его жизни. В первой части статьи рассказано о его первых двух звездах: первая – за участие в атомном проекте и испытании водородной бомбы (разработанная им научная методология сыграла решающую роль в совершенствовании ядерного оружия и средств его доставки), вторая – за особые заслуги в развитии ракетной техники и за работы по созданию и успешному запуску первого в мире полета человека в космос.
ЗИММЕРМАН М. РОЖДЕНИЕ КАТАЛОНИИ (VIII–XII ВЕКА). Лимож: Издательство Лиможского университета, 2019. 553 с., "Средние века"
Authors: Филиппов И.С.
Published: April 2021

Рецензируемая монография представляет собой фундаментальное исследование процесса становления средневековой каталонской идентичности, преимущественно политической. Автор является одним из крупнейших в наши дни специалистов по истории средневековой Каталонии, в первую очередь ее письменной культуры в самом широком смысле слова. Главными источниками ему послужили собрания документов из каталонских архивов, не имеющие себе равных в Европе по богатству в том, что касается документации этого периода. Изучая язык и формуляр документов, способы их датировки, содержащиеся в них сведения о географии региона и об этническом самоопределении его жителей, автор прослеживает формирование их региональной идентичности, выразившееся в появлении в XII в. слов «каталонцы» и «Каталония», и само политическое обособление этого региона от Французского королевства. Рецензент высоко оценивает это исследование, сожалея об отсутствии в книге списка научной литературы и излишне лаконичном описании архивных фондов, с которыми работал автор.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ МИНЕРАЛЬНОГО СОСТАВА УГЛЕРОДИСТЫХ СЛАНЦЕВ РЫЛЬСКОЙ СТРУКТУРЫ (ВОРОНЕЖСКИЙ КРИСТАЛЛИЧЕСКИЙ МАССИВ) КАК ПОКАЗАТЕЛЬ ГЕНЕЗИСА ПОРОД, "Наука юга России"
Authors: Кузнецов В.С. , Абрамов В.В.
Published: April 2021

Объектом исследований в настоящей работе выступают углеродистые сланцы, вскрытые буровыми скважинами в пределах Рыльской рифтогенной структуры Курского блока Воронежского кристаллического массива. В изучаемых породах установлен и впервые охарактеризован с помощью современных методов исследования вещества комплекс породообразующих и акцессорных минералов – апатит, пирит, пирротин, сфалерит, халькопирит, магнетит, рутил, гранаты, циркон, ставролит, оливин, барит, муассанит, синхизит, бастнезит. При этом муассанит, синхизит, бастнезит описаны для сланцев Рыльской структуры впервые, а для рутила, гранатов, ставролитов и цирконов по их физическим свойствам и химическому составу впервые выделено несколько разновидностей этих минералов. В основной ткани сланцев диагностированы тонкозернистые флогопит и терригенный калиевый полевой шпат. Установленные особенности минерального состава сланцев позволяют охарактеризовать некоторые особенности природы протолита и условий седиментации изучаемых пород. Столь широкий спектр акцессорных минералов, особенно аллотигенных, характерных для пород как кислого, так и основного-ультраосновного состава, а также присутствие в ткани породы помимо кварца калиевых полевых шпатов, указывает на наличие в областях сноса пород различного петрографического состава с низкой степенью выветривания.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ТЕЧЕНИЯ И ИСХОДОВ БЕРЕМЕННОСТИ У ЖЕНЩИН С ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗОМ, "Вестник Центрального научно-исследовательского института туберкулеза"
Authors: Бородулина Е.А. , Кузьмина А.И.
Published: April 2021

Обзор посвящен наиболее актуальным вопросам эпидемиологии, диагностики и лечения туберкулеза (ТБ) на фоне беременности. Внедрение новых методов ранней диагностики ТБ, разработка регламентирующих документов и программы по снижению заболеваемости ТБ у беременных являются неизменно актуальными.
Ceruloplasmin and the reactions forming differic transferrin
Authors: Chidambaram M.V. , Barnes G. , Frieden E.
Published: July 2002

The rate of formation of diferric‐transferrin has been studied using various combinations of Fe(II), Tf, Cp and h serum. When the reactants were added in a correct physiological sequence, ceruloplasmin and diluted human serum showed the fastest rate of saturation of transferrin.
Monoclonal antibodies for the detection and quantitation of the endogenous plant growth regulator, abscisic acid
Authors: Mertens R. , Deus-Neumann B. , Weiler E.W.
Published: July 2002

Monoclonal antibodies (mAB) have been produced which recognize the physiologically active 2‐cis‐(S‐form of the endogenous plant growth regulator, abscisic acid (ABA). Cross‐reaction with the ABA‐catabolites, phaseic and dihydrophaseic acid, is negligible, and (R)‐ABA, 2‐trans‐ABA, the ABA‐conjugate, ABA‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl ester, as well as the putative ABA precursor, xanthoxin, are totally unreactive. In addition to being very specific, the mAB exhibit high affinites for 2‐cis‐(S)‐ABA: the K values were 7.9 × 109 l/mol and 3.7 × 109 l/mol for antibodies from two different clones. By mAB‐radioimmunoassay (RIA), 4 pg 2‐cis‐(S)‐ABA (99.5% confidence level) can be detected. mAB‐RIA can be used to quantitate ABA directly in unprocessed plant extracts.
Cytotoxicity acquired by ribosome‐inactivating proteins carried by reconstituted Sendai virus envelopes
Authors: Sargiacomo Massimo , Barbieri Luigi , Stirpe Fiorenzo , Tomasi Maurizio
Published: July 2002

Association of the ribosome‐inactivating proteins (RIPs): pokeweed antiviral protein (PAP), gelonin, Momordica charantia inhibitor (MCI), with reconstituted Sendai virus envelopes (RSVE) was obtained without detectable loss of activities either of RIPs or of viral envelope glycoproteins. RIPs are inactive towards intact cells, but, once encapsulated in RSVE, they become cytotoxic. The concentration of RSVE‐associated PAP, which causes 50% inhibition of protein synthesis by Friend erythroleukemic cells, is 0.5 ng/ml. Substances capable to inhibit the viral activities block the acquired cytotoxicity of RIPs associated to RSVE.
The effect of herbicides on components of the PS II reaction centre measured by EPR
Authors: Rutherford A.W. , Zimmermann J.L. , Mathis P.
Published: July 2002

Incubation of PS II membranes with herbicides results in changes in EPR signals arising from reaction centre components. Dinoseb, a phenolic herbicide which binds to the reaction centre polypeptide, changes the width and form of the EPR signal arising from photoreduced Q−
AFe. o‐Phenanthroline slightly broadens the Q−
AFe signal. These effects are attributed to changes in the interaction between the semi‐quinone and the iron. DCMU, which binds to the 32 kDa protein, has virtually no effect on the width of the Q−
AFe signal but does give rise to an increase in its amplitude. This could result from a change in redox state of an interacting component. Herbicide effects can also be seen when Q−
AFe is chemically reduced and these seen to be reflected by changes in splitting and amplitude of the split pheophytin− signal. Dinoseb also results in the loss of ‘Signal II dark’, the conversion of reduced high‐potential cytochrome b
559 to its oxidized low‐potential form and the presence of transiently photooxidized carotenoid after a flash at 25°C; these effects indicate that dinoseb may also act as an ADRY reagent.
Metabolite‐mediated catalyst conversion of PFK and PFP: a mechanism of enyme regulation in green plants
Authors: Balogh Árpád , Wong Joshua H. , Wötzel Christiane , Soll Jürgen , Cséke Csaba , Buchanan Bob B.
Published: July 2002

Metabolites known to occur in the cytosol of photosynthetic leaf cells were found to mediate the reversible conversion of pyrophosphate—D‐fructose‐6‐phosphate 1‐phosphotransferase (PFP) to phosphofructokinase (PFK) in partially purified preparations from spinach leaves. Preincubation of PFP with fructose 2,6‐bisphosphate, ATP or fructose 6‐phosphate converted PFP to PFK. The reverse reaction (PFK → PFP) was promoted by UDP‐glucose plus pyrophosphate. These conversions in catalytic capability were accompanied by changes in molecular mass and charge. The results are in accord with the view that the alterations in PFP and PFK activity, provisionally called ‘metabolite‐mediated catalyst conversion’, represent a regulatory mechanism to direct left cytosolic carbon flux in either the biosynthetic or degradatory direction.
Reduced maximum capacity of glycolysis in brown adipose tissue of genetically obese, diabetic (db/db) mice and its restoration following treatment with a thermogenic β‐adrenoceptor agonist
Authors: Young P. , Cawthorne M.A. , Levy Alison L. , Wilson Karen
Published: July 2002

The maximal activities of the key glycolytic enzymes hexokinase and 6‐phosphofructokinase, were reduced in brown adipose tissue in db/db mice compared to their lean littermates. Treatment of db/db mice with the thermogenic β‐adrenoceptor agonist, BRL 26830, restored normoglycaemia. The only significant increase in activity of hexokinase and 6‐phosphofructokinase in the BRL 26830‐treated db/db mice occurred in brown adipose tissue where the total tissue activity increased 10‐ and 11‐fold respectively. These changes together with increased 2‐deoxyglucose uptake in vivo suggest that brown adipose tissue can play a quantitatively important role in the removal of glucose from the blood.
In vivo and in vitro expression of the 6‐hydroxy‐D‐nicotine oxidase gene of Arthrobacter oxidans, cloned into Escherichia coli, as an enzymatically active, covalently flavinylated polypeptide
Authors: Brandsch Roderich , Bichler Veronika
Published: July 2002

The 6‐hydroxy‐D‐nicotine oxidase gene of Arthrobacter oxidans was cloned into E.coli with the aid of the expression vector pKK‐223‐3. This enzyme, as well as the E.coli enzymes succinate dehydrogenase and fumarate reductase, bears the cofactor FAD covalently attached to the polypeptide through a His‐N3‐8α‐linkage. The amino acid sequence surrounding the histidine residue involved in FAD binding in 6‐hydroxy‐D‐nicotine oxidase and the two E.coli enzymes, however, show no homology. Nevertheless, 6‐hydroxy‐D‐nicotine oxidase is expressed in E.coli in vivo and in an E.coli‐derived coupled transcription‐translation system as a covalently flavinylated, enzymatically active polypeptide.
Characterization and crystallization of ribosomal particles from Halobacterium marismortui
Authors: Shevack A. , Gewitz H.S. , Hennemann B. , Yonath A. , Wittmann H.G.
Published: July 2002

Ribosomes and their subunits have been isolated from Halobacterium marismortui, an extremely halophilic bacterium from the Dead Sea. The stability and functional activity of the subunits were tested under a wide range of salt conditions. Three‐dimensional microcrystals of the large ribosomal subunits have been obtained. Electron microscopy of positively stained thin sections of these crystals showed that the particles are closely packed with approximate cell constants of 310 × 350 Å.
Low pH and phospholipase A2 treatment induce the phase‐separation of non‐bilayer lipids within pea chloroplast membranes
Authors: Thomas Peter G. , Brain Anthony P.R. , Quinn Peter J. , Williams W.Patrick
Published: July 2002

Membrane
lipid
Hexagonal
phase
Freeze‐fracture
Chloroplast
Synthesis of 1,3‐dihydroxy‐N‐methylacridone by cell‐free extracts of Ruta graveolens cell suspension cultures
Authors: Baumert A. , Gröger D.
Published: July 2002

Cell‐free extracts of Ruta graveolens cell suspension cultures obtained after (NH4)2SO4 precipitation and gel filtration on Sephadex G‐25 catalyze the condensation of N‐methylanthranilic acid and malonyl‐CoA in the presence of ATP. The reaction product has been identified as 1,3‐dihydroxy‐N‐methylacridone. This alkaloid 6 is apparently the key intermediate in the pathway leading to more complex acridone alkaloids.
Identification of proliferation‐sensitive human proteins amongst components of the 40 S hnRNP particles
Authors: Celis Julio E. , Bravo Rodrigo , Arenstorf Hartwig P. , LeStourgeon Wallace M.
Published: July 2002

The core proteins of HeLa 40 S hnRNP monoparticles have been identified in the HeLa protein catalogue. Human proteins previously indemnified as proliferation‐sensitive [NEPHGE 21 and 17; Bravo, R. and Celis, J.E. (1982) Clin. Chem. 28, 766], as well as two proteins characterized in this study (NEPHGE 16 W and 16 Wl), are shown to be components of these particles. These basic nuclear polypeptides correspond to core proteins al, Bla, B2 and C4, respectively. The significance of these results in terms of composition and function of hnRNP particles is discussed.
The measurement of intracellular calcium levels in protoplasts from higher plant cells
Authors: Gilroy S. , Hughes W.A. , Trewavas A.J.
Published: July 2002

The measurement of cytosolic calcium concentration, [Ca2+]i, in the higher plant cells has proved difficult due to the negligible uptake of [Ca2+]i indicator. The uptake of the fluorescent [Ca2+]i indicator, quin 2, as its permeant ester, quin 2/AM, proved unsuccessful when used with plant cells and cell protoplasts. However, electrically induced membrane permeabilisation, electroporation, has allowed quin 2 uptake into mung bean root protoplasts to 10−4 M. Resting [Ca2+] was measured as 171 ± 41 nM. The loaded quin 2 was responsive to changes in the Ca2+ environment of the protoplasts, indicating a reversible fall in [Ca2+] to 17% of the initial value, over 10 min, on incubation with EGTA.
Alkyl analogs of diacylglycerol as activators of protein kinase C
Authors: Heymans Françoise , Da Silva Corinne , Marrec Noël , Godfroid Jean-Jacques , Castagna Monique
Published: July 2002

Diacylglycerols which activate protein kinase C have the 1,2‐sn configuration. Short‐chain saturated fatty acids or long‐chain unsaturated fatty acids are required for supporting the potency of these lipids. Using alkyl analogs such as 1‐O‐decyl‐2‐O‐decanoylglycerol, 1‐O‐decanoyl‐2‐O‐decylglycerol, 1,2‐O‐didecyl‐glycerol, 1‐O‐hexadecyl‐2‐O‐acetylglycerol and 1‐O‐decyl‐2‐O‐acetylglycerol, we showed that the ether bond was consistently associated with a loss of activity to varying extents. The results suggest that the ester bond in the 1‐position is a major determinant of diacylglycerol‐mediated protein kinase activation.