bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Principles Analysis Of Grice's Cooperation In Events Speech In Traditional Markets: A Pragmatic Study
Authors: Saleh Firman , Yulfiana Riska , Unga Waru Dian Sari , Yusuf Rudy , Nasrullah Ince , Yusmah Yusmah
Published: August 2023

Speakers and speech partners in a speech event cannot be separated from the rules governing the act of using language so that speech can run well. One of the language principles in pragmatic studies is the cooperative principle or Grice's cooperative maxims which divide the principles in question namely, 1) maxim of quantity, 2) maxim of quality, 3) maxim of relevance ( maxim of relevance), and 4) maxim of manner. This research was conducted to find out the application of Grice's cooperation maxims in speech events in the market. The population of this study are all traders and buyers who are transacting within the market scope. Whereas, Sampling was determined using random sampling technique or random sampling by taking as many as 10 to 15 conversational samples in trader and buyer transactions. Data collection is carried out by tapping or recording techniques. Data analysis was carried out in three stages, namely, data reduction, data modeling, and drawing/verifying conclusions. It is obtained that three out of the four Grice cooperation maxims are fulfilled. This conclusion is drawn from the results of processing or analysis of data obtained during the research. The three maxims fulfilled include; 1) maxim of quantity, 2) maxim of quality, and 3) maxim of manner. Meanwhile, the maxim that is violated is the maxim of relevance. One of the reasons why the maxim of relevance is violated by traders is to divert attention. This aims to offer or introduce other merchandise when the goods needed by the buyer are not available or out of stock.
PERFORMANCE OF WOOD COMPOSITES WITH NATURAL FIBER AS SOUND ABSORBER OF BUILDING MATERIALS
Authors: Jaturonlux Noppanat , Ratanawilai Thanate
Published: August 2023

Natural fibers are an alternative to reduce the use of synthetic materials in acoustic products. Such fibers have the benefits of being inexpensive, environmentally benign, biodegradable, and safe for human health. The influence on sound absorption coefficient of different natural fibers including rubberwood, coconut coir, and oil palm empty fruit bunches was investigated. The samples were composed of three kinds of natural fibers, three different fiber sizes, and two different kinds of adhesives. The porosity values of the samples were found in the range of 4.58-8.84% whereas the lowest water absorption value was found on the sample with rubberwood fiber in the range of 57.62-127.83%. Impedance tube testing was used for the sound absorption tests following ISO 10534-2. The experimental result revealed that the natural fibers have good performance associated with the fiber length. The longer fiber performs the better sound absorption than that of the short fiber.  All kinds of natural fiber plates tested had sound absorption of 50% above 3.5 kHz whereas the oil palm fiber gave the highest absorption coefficient at 95%. The fiber size fraction approved that those fibers could improve the peak values of sound absorption. The small fiber size gave higher peak values than that of the large fiber size. The type of adhesive influences sound absorption coefficient on the sample with small fiber size (80 mesh) than that of the large fiber size (40 mesh). The output of this study reveals the waste plant fibers could adopt to develop sound absorber building materials.
Peculado Doloso y el Principio de Proporcionalidad de la Pena
Authors: Estrada-Ayre Cesar Percy , Porras-Sarmiento Syntia
Published: August 2023

El presente trabajo se inicia del problema cuando se investiga de qué manera al sancionar con una misma pena en el delito de Peculado Doloso afecta el principio de proporcionalidad, por lo que es necesario remitirnos al artículo 387 del Código Penal, cuyo tenor es como sigue: El funcionario o servidor público que se apropia o utiliza, en cualquier forma, para sí o para otro, caudales o efectos cuya percepción, administración o custodia le estén confiados por razón de su cargo, será reprimido con pena privativa de la libertad no menor de dos ni mayor de ocho años. Constituye circunstancia agravante si los caudales o efectos estuvieran destinados a fines asistenciales o a programas de apoyo social. En estos casos, la pena privativa de la libertad será no menor de cuatro ni mayor de diez años. Según lo establecido por el Acuerdo Plenario N.° 4-2005/CJ-116, Pleno jurisdiccional de las Salas Penales Permanentes y Transitoria de la Corte Suprema de Justicia, los elementos del tipo penal de peculado son (i) la existencia de una relación funcional, (ii) la percepción, administración o custodia, (iii) apropiación o utilización, (iv) el destinatario: para sí o para un tercero, (v) caudales y efectos. El resultado fue que al sancionar con una misma pena en el delito de Peculado Doloso en su modalidad de apropiación y utilización visten de igual contenido de ilicitud, pese a las diferencias si las apreciamos desde una perspectiva patrimonialista o de salvaguarda del derecho de propiedad del ente público, en la modalidad de utilizar existe un exceso en la penalización afectándose el principio de proporcionalidad, razón por la cual debe tener un tratamiento distinto.
A cross sectional study on the prevalence of ascariasis among school children; a case study of ikwo, ebonyi state nigeria
Authors: Anorue Chioma Ogochukwu , Anyanwu Ihuoma N. , Chiamah Ogochukwu C.
Published: August 2023

Background: Ascariasis is a common intestinal parasitic infection prevalent among school children in many developing countries. Aim: this study was to determine the prevalence of ascariasis among school children in Ikwo Local Government Area (L.G.A.) of Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Material and Method: Between February 2016 and December 2016, a cross-sectional study was conducted, and 300 stool samples were collected from primary school children in Ikwo L.G.A. The brine flotation method was employed for laboratory analysis to detect the presence of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs. The prevalence of ascariasis was calculated by determining the proportion of positive cases among the total number of children examined. Results: Out of the 300 stool samples examined, 180 were found to be infected with Ascaris lumbricoides, yielding a prevalence rate of 60%. Among the infected school children, 170 were males (66.6%) and 130 were females (33.3%). The infection rate among males was significantly higher than among females (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study identified a high prevalence of ascariasis among school children in Ikwo L.G.A., Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The findings emphasize the need for targeted public health interventions, such as deworming programs and health education campaigns, to reduce the burden of ascariasis and improve the overall health of the affected population, particularly among school-aged children
Early Rehabilitation with Exergame Which Muscle Groups are Addressed by Bedside-Based Knee Exercises?
Authors: Horstmann Hauke , Krost Eva , Weber-Spickschen Thomas Sanjay
Published: August 2023

Background. Knee exercises are generally recommended following knee-related operations. Nevertheless, compliance in performing self-administered exercises is varying. The use of exergames may alter patient compliance. These computer games encourage the user to exercise. Exergames are not yet used much in orthopedic rehabilitation. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of different seating positions in electromyography while performing knee exercises with the exergame GenuSport.Material and methods. 72 healthy women and men were tested in 6 seating positions using an application-based knee-training device (KT). Positions were 1. user seated 90 upright with straight leg on KT, 2. 90 upright with leg exercising in external rotation on KT, 3. 90 upright with leg exercising in internal rotation on KT, 4. 90 upright with straight leg on 30mm elevated KT, 5. 45 upright with straight leg on KT and 6. 45 upright with straight leg on 30mm elevated KT. Electromyogram was recorded for biceps femoris, rectus femoris, semitendinosus, vastus medialis, adductor magnus and vastus lateralis.Results. No significant difference was shown in position 2, 3 or 4 compared to position 1. In position 5 and 6, EMG reported significantly higher values compared to positions 1 to 4 (ischiocrural: 130% and quadriceps: 90%). The quadriceps was activated significantly less in position 6 compared to 5.Conclusion. 1. Bedside-based knee extension exercises are most effective in a seated position of 45 trunk inclination. 2. A slightly more bent knee (KT elevation of 30mm) leads to a higher activation of the ischiocrural muscles.
Hyperglycemic emergencies: Clinical features and diagnostic criteria. A systematic literature review
Authors: Calixto Anna Valéria Duarte , Lima Maysa Regina de Assis , Carvalho Verônica Mendes de , Sousa Guilherme Matos , Souza José Vinícius de , Romão Kaio Hemersson Oliveira , Silva Roberson Matteus Fernandes , Pinto Natalia Bitú , Nascimento Maria Berenice Gomes , Lira Rafaelle Cavalcante de
Published: August 2023

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic condition in which the manifestation occurs when blood glucose levels are elevated due to the inability of the body to produce insulin in adequate quantity or efficiently use the insulin produced. This metabolic dysfunction can be attributed to several mechanisms, varying according to the specific type of diabetes. Methodology: This is a systematic literature review constructed by searching the PUBMED, VHL and CAPES Periodicals Portal, using the terms "Diabetic Ketoacidosis", "Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar State", "Hypoglycemia", "Diabetic Emergencies" in Portuguese, English, Spanish and German. Results: Of the 229 articles found, only 10 were selected according to the guiding question and the eligibility criteria. Conclusion: The study conducted on hyperglycemic emergencies brought a wide range of fundamental information to understand and manage these conditions. Through the analysis of the selected studies, it was possible to obtain insights into the complications and possible sequelae associated with these emergencies. In short, research on diabetic emergencies establishes a solid knowledge base for health professionals and researchers, contributing to improve the early identification, appropriate treatment and prevention of these complications, aiming to improve the quality of life of individuals living with diabetes.
Care trajectories of users with severe psychological distress in the Psychosocial Care Network: Existentialist perspectives
Authors: Polli Carolina Beckert , Schneider Daniela Ribeiro
Published: August 2023

This study aims to present partial results of broader research that resulted in the master's thesis entitled “Life Stories and Severe Psychic Suffering from the Perspective of Existentialist Psychology: Existential Narratives.” The study aimed to investigate the processes of constitution of severe psychic suffering from the autobiographical narratives of users of the Psychosocial Care Network (RAPS) in a municipality in the north of Santa Catarina, Brazil. The narratives were elucidated based on the perspective of Existentialist Psychology, outlined by the French philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre (1905-1980) in his intellectual trajectory, in which his ontology and method replace the subject in his dialectical and temporal constitution. The elicitation of the narratives followed a script adapted from the “Life Story Interview” developed by the American researcher McAdams (2012). The division and conduction of the narratives proposed by the script served as a basis analyzing and gatheringng the singular elements present in the axes of meaning. This text aims to discuss the notion of care from an existentialist perspective based on the narratives of these subjects, specifically, at the time of the interview in which they were invited to tell their care trajectories, which refers to the movement they made in the search for help for their suffering condition. The discussion on the notion of care from Sartre sought to bring this theory closer to the logic of an expanded clinic as the foundation of care in Psychosocial Care. Finally, it is considered that the logic of the expanded clinic, associated with an existentialist understanding of human suffering, can enable the construction of emancipatory practices in the territory, effectively breaking with the biomedical logic of a purely curative nature.
Experience report of a speech-language pathology and audiology student in the extension project "Sapeca: Mental health and technology"
Authors: Silva Maria Dolores Lima da , Hernandes Raphaela Schiassi
Published: August 2023

Mental health is determined by multiple factors and directly interferes with quality of life. Adolescence is a period marked by several transformations and discoveries, among which the new capacities to feel, think and act stand out. In addition, this phase brings the need to redefine the being about its identity and its environment.
Mental health and physical activity in leisure time in teachers of a higher education institution
Authors: Pereira de Azevêdo Denize , Leão dos Santos Edson , De Novais Souza Ranner , Henrique Cerqueira Barros João , Barreto Silva Kamila , Vitória Lima Ferreira Ana , Verdino Morais Assunção Tâmara
Published: August 2023

Sedentary behavior, associated with little Physical Activity (PA) and inadequate habits, has contributed to the development of health problems in workers in developed and developing countries. Thus, the work environment seems to be an important space for the incorporation of appropriate health behaviors. This is a cross-sectional, exploratory and descriptive epidemiological study. The objective was to analyze the association of Leisure Time Physical Activity (LTPA) with Common Mental Disorders (CMD) and stress stages, considering issues related to work, sociodemographic, psychosocial characteristics and life habits of teachers from a public university in Bahia. The chi-square test was used to analyze the association between the study variables, CMD, stress and LPA considering the associations statistically significant when p-value ≤ 0.05. The results found regarding the prevalence of CMD was 20.4 for the population investigated. The presence of stress was positive for 24.0%. When categorized by phase, 3.6% were in the alert phase of stress; 24% in the resistance phase and 3.0% in exhaustion. The main results found in this study establish relationships with teaching work, stress, CMD, leisure and physical activities, demonstrating an association between these objects and the perception of health and quality of life of the teaching worker. Thus, it is important to develop policies to encourage the practice of PA within the workspaces of teachers, which can contribute to greater adherence to the practice and substantial improvement in the overall quality of life, in the physical and psychological domains and to reduce the symptoms of CMD and stress in this population.
Taxa de morbidade hospitalar no SUS para febre amarela considerando o período de 2018 a 2022
Authors: Candido Tharso Rafael , Saia Maria Luisa Zanetti , Nascimento Julia Facury , Feitosa Faisson Luís Leal
Published: August 2023

Objetivo: Determinar a incidência da taxa de mortalidade de febre amarela no SUS com vistas a identificar oportunidades para melhorar os programas de controle da febre amarela. Métodos: Realizou-se um levantamento de estudos descritivos da mortalidade hospitalar de febre amarela do SUS registrados no Sistema de Informação de Agravos Infecciosos de Notificação (SINAN) de 1º de janeiro de 2018 a 31 de dezembro de 2022, de acordo com o sexo, faixa etária e cor/raça para cada região. Resultados: De acordo com o sexo, o Sudeste apresentou o maior índice com 1.629.038 casos para o sexo masculino e o sexo feminino apresentou 305.577 casos. Em relação à faixa etária, o norte obteve o maior índice para a idade de 5 a 9 anos com 5.535 casos e o nordeste obteve um alto percentual com 7.540 casos para a idade acima de 80 anos. Para a cor/raça, o sul obteve apenas 82 casos na raça amarela, já o norte apresentou 212 casos. Conclusão: A realização deste estudo permitiu compreender os fatores associados às medidas preventivas, ou seja, a vacinação contra doenças infecciosas nos cenários propostos para o estudo, e as intervenções para a vacinação.
Aulas remotas na graduação em enfermagem: impactos em tempos de COVID-19
Authors: Alcantara Jessica da Costa
Published: August 2023

Introdução: No mês de março de 2020, a partir do Decreto nº 64.864 foram suspensas as aulas presenciais nas Instituição de Ensino de todo o Estado de São Paulo como medida de segurança e em caráter temporário e emergencial para a prevenção do contágio pelo SARS-Cov 2 (COVID-19) (ASSEMBLÉIA LEGISLATIVO DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO, 2020). De acordo com a EBC – Empresa Brasil de Comunicação, a UNESCO (Organização das Nações Unidas para Educação, Ciência e Cultura) estimava que cerca de 776,7 milhões de crianças e jovens seriam afetadas e, com o isolamento, não poderiam ir às escolas. Objetivo: Relatar a experiência de ter aulas remotas durante a graduação em enfermagem, vantagens e desvantagens percebidas pelo graduando. Metodologia: Relato de experiência. Resultados: É necessário a diferenciação sobre ensino remoto e online. A partir do que foi relatado pôde-se classificar as desvantagens e vantagens de ter aulas remotas, como vantagem:  Melhor organização do tempo, consultar as aulas gravadas a qualquer momento; possibilidade de continuidade no ensino do graduando e como desvantagem a perda de contato com a classe, dificultando discussões de temas abordados em aulas; perda de atenção durante a aula; queda de conexão durante a aula, sendo prejudicial para o tempo determinado de aula; problemas no aplicativo de reprodução das aulas. Conclusão: O relato sobre o ensino remoto e as vantagens e desvantagens desse tipo de ensino possibilita uma reflexão sobre os métodos de ensino e como eles refletem na vida e aprendizado do graduando.

Palavras-chave: Covid-19, Ensino a distância, Graduação, Enfermagem EaD.
Investigating the Investigator
Authors: Mustafa Kemal Mirzeler
Published: August 2023

abstract
An Incommensurate Burden
Authors: Gerry Salole
Published: August 2023

abstract
Nelson Mandela : se soumettre ou combattre
Authors: Nelson Mandela
Published: August 2023

Premier président noir de l’Afrique du Sud, décédé le 5 décembre 2013, Nelson Mandela, de son vrai nom Xhosa Rolihlahla1 Madiba (son nom du clan), Nelson étant le prénom que sa première maîtresse d’école lui donna. Il naquit à Mvezo, un petit village de campagne au bord de la rivière Mbashe, dans le district d’Umtata, la capitale du Transkei. Sa famille est d’origine royale (Thembus), l’année de sa naissance (18 juillet 1918) coïncida avec la fin de la première Guerre mondiale, elle fut aussi celle de la grippe espagnole dans le monde et de la participation du Congrès Africain National (ANC) à la Conférence de paix de Versailles. L’idée d’écrire ses mémoires est née en prison à la demande de ses camarades de cellule, qui ambitionnaient de rappeler au peuple sud-africain pourquoi ils luttaient.
Development and Governance
Authors: David Booth  , Diana Cammack
Published: August 2023

Deriving from the Overseas Development Institute’s Africa Power and Politics Programme, Governance for Development in Africa makes a strong argument to distinguish between good governance and developmental governance. It does so not to present the two forms as mutually exclusive but rather to make a case that effective developmental action in generalised African conditions requires something more proximate, more realistic, and in a sense more modest than the broader and more abstract desiderata of good governance, based as it is on evocations of transparency, participation, and empowerment. The book rests within an emerging genre of research on Africa which has made two interconnected and important moves: to reject the developmental pessimism that a certain essentialist view about African politics has relied upon, and to work from a kind of institutional realism that is mainly interested in governance practice and its own dynamics.
La fin tragique d’un dirigeant arabe et africain
Authors: Yasmina Khadra
Published: August 2023

À son compte, plus d’une dizaine de romans, Yasmina Khadra est un écrivain algérien prolifique. De la période du terrorisme en Algérie dont il a tiré ses premiers romans, Yasmina Khadra s’est intéressé à la guerre civile en Afghanistan, au conflit israélo-palestinien, à la guerre en Irak et dans d’autres contrées. Des hirondelles de Kaboul, de L’attentat, roman considéré comme une oeuvre majeure, aux Sirènes de Baghdâd et à Cousine K, la guerre a toujours constitué le fond de ses trames romanesques. C’est pour dire comment cet auteur, en choisissant un tel sujet, a voulu nous relater le déchirement et la souffrance des êtres humains pris dans l’engrenage de la violence. Fidèle à ses propres motivations, il nous amène cette fois-ci en Libye pour partager avec lui, dans son livre La nuit du Raïs, les derniers moments vécus par le dirigeant Mouammar Kadhafi.
The Commodification of African Politics I
Authors: Alex de Waal
Published: August 2023

Can a book be both inspiring and disappointing? The Real Politics of the Horn of Africa might just fall into this rare category. Alex de Waal’s book is theoretically original and empirically rich, but it is also reductionist and, in the case of Ethiopia, biased. The book makes sense of the Horn of Africa’s complex contemporary politics through the prism of three elements. Firstly, de Waal proposes an innovative theory centred on the idea of the ‘political marketplace’. This theory grasps the causal interactions between violence, political finance and big man politics in East Africa and elsewhere. The ‘political marketplace’ framework is arguably the book’s most important contribution and it speaks to political scientists and policy analysts. Secondly, as the title suggests, the book sets out to explain the Horn of Africa’s ‘real politics’.
Les réalités rurales au Congo face aux exigences (au défi) du développement
Authors: Grégoire Ngalamulume Tshiebue
Published: August 2023

En tant que premier docteur en développement, diplômé des instituts supérieurs de développement rural (ISDR), Grégoire Ngalamulume Tshiebue se donne une responsabilité pour orienter le débat en matière de développement rural en RD Congo. Dans ce travail, il relève les diverses opportunités permettant la réalisation du développement, tout en identifiant les contraintes qui y sont liées. Cette étude, prenant forme d’expertise, se veut un outil indispensable aux praticiens du terrain, aux décideurs et à tous les différents acteurs du développement rural.
Africa Review of Books, volume 14, n° 1, 2018
Authors: Journal system
Published: August 2023

Abstract
La « nucléarité » de l’Afrique : une histoire d’invisibilité
Authors: Gabrielle Hecht
Published: August 2023

Uranium africain. Une histoire globale est le deuxième ouvrage de l’historienne américaine Gabrielle Hecht, professeure à l’université du Michigan et spécialiste de l’histoire des sciences et des techniques. Ses travaux sur le nucléaire l’ont conduit à publier en 1998 un livre précurseur intitulé The Radiance of France : Nuclear Power and National Identity after World War II1. C’est un travail qui s’inscrit dans une approche latourienne où l’auteure a forgé les concepts de « technopolitique » et « nucléarité » et a contribué fortement au développement des Sciences Studies en France. On compte aujourd’hui notamment, plusieurs travaux d’historiens et de sociologues des sciences qui travaillent sur les questions nucléaires, les radiations et plus généralement sur l’histoire de la santé au travail.
La CFAO et le commerce en Afrique
Authors: Raymond Lehideux-Vernimmen
Published: August 2023

Raymond Lehideux-Vernimmen est un publicitaire et un homme de média, passionné par l’Afrique. Il a créé et dirigé plusieurs entreprises avant de rejoindre la Compagnie Française de l’Afrique Occidentale1 (CFAO) de 2002 à 2008 afin d’y mettre en place sa direction de la communication. Cet ouvrage qui propose un voyage dans le temps et dans l’espace ‘africain’, retrace l’histoire de la CFAO et propose de rendre compte d’une histoire de l’Afrique liée à celle de cette  compagnie à travers 75 témoignages d’entrepreneurs et de cadres qui appartenaient à ce groupe. Constitué de dix parties, il rappelle dès le départ que de tous temps, ce sont les marchands qui ont découverts les nouvelles terres et non pas les explorateurs, ni les missionnaires et encore moins les corps expéditionnaires. En Afrique comme ailleurs, c’est le commerce qui a été le moteur des relations avec l’occident.
Les Avocats de la Cour d’Alger : se libérer des entraves du colonialisme
Authors: Christian Phélin
Published: August 2023

La création du barreau d’Alger, en 1848, en vertu de la décision de Louis Eugène Cavaignac1, est la premièrede tout le Maghreb. Son autorité s’étendait à la Tunisie et projetait de s’élargir au Maroc. Ces membres appartenaient à une élite particulière, ayant des liens avec la classe politique des décideurs, des députés et gouverneurs, en Algérie comme en France métropolitaine. L’administration judiciaire en question était, comme le souligne Amar Bentoumi, une administration rattachée au ministère de la Justice à Paris. Dans ce cadre et comme le rappelle l’auteur, il est difficile de croire que les avocats du barreau d’Alger aient pu jouir du minimum de marges de liberté nécessaires à l’exercice de leur profession. Néanmoins, quelques-uns d’entre eux ont pu s’opposer aux tribunaux répressifs indigènes.
African Cultural Identity and Self Writing
Authors: Murunga Godwin Rapando
Published: August 2023

For some time now, Achille Mbembe has warned African social scientists against the ghetto to which Marxism and nationalism has consigned them. This admonition is rooted in a personal belief that Africa lacks refreshing, internationally relevant and philosophically grounded scholarship. According to him, African scholarship is steeped in a selfimposed ghetto that has produced stultifying nativist and Afro-radicalist narratives. The narratives have, in turn, driven African scholarship to “a dead end,” one that repeatedly laments the effects of the West’s contamination of a pure “Africanness” and calls for a return to the self’s mythical ontological purity. In reclaiming this lost purity, Mbembe adds, African scholarship draws its fundamental categories from Marxism and nationalism to argue for a revolutionary politics that would free the continent from imperialism and dependence. He identifies suffering and victimization as the main episteme in these narratives. These two, he argues, position Africa as always being acted upon by forces outside its control but never acting for itself. He therefore proposes African modes of self-writing that neutralize the power relations between Africa and its colonizers and restores “agency to Africans. Unfortunately, this restoration ends up alleging that Africans are as much responsible for their suffering and trauma as those others that they accuse whether one is considering slavery, colonization or apartheid.
The Quality of South African Democracy
Authors: Suttner Raymond
Published: August 2023

There is a tendency amongst sections of the left to romanticise the most recent revolution, only then to replace it with a later one and consign it to the category of those that have failed expectations. This has happened, among others, with Vietnam, Cuba, Guinea-Bissau, and Zimbabwe. Sometimes, this has been deservedly so, as certain countries have drifted into various forms of authoritarianism and other abuses.
Africans Do Not Live By Bread Alone: Against Greed, Not Grievance
Authors: Abdullah Ibrahim
Published: August 2023

Scholars, NGO activists, and journalists have fed the official mind and popular imagination with a particular kind of explanation of conflict that privileges the economic. Civil war is about resources: rebels are motivated by greed, not grievance. Rebels mine diamonds to buy arms. Diamonds are the heart of the matter. A robust campaign against “blood diamonds” - diamond coming from conflict areas- is one way of depriving rebels of funds to make war. Devoid of historical context,explanations such as these remain captivating but unhelpful.
Pourquoi l’Afrique meurt
Authors: Mumbunda Philemon Muamba
Published: August 2023

«Negrologie, pourquoi L’Afrique meurt»par Stephen Smith
C’est seulement au cours de cette rédaction que j’ai découvert que le journalisme, même spécialisé, ne prépare guère à répondre aux questions essentielles » Avantpropos de l’auteur. Si tel est le cas, alors pourquoi écrire un ouvrage quand il sait qu’il ne peut pas répondre à la question de savoir pourquoi l’Afrique meurt. Cette lucidité aurait pu l’aider à nuancer certaines de ses affirmations du fait queson analyse concerne les 10 dernières années, c’est-à-dire à partir du drame rwandais et de la fin de l’apartheid.
Pentecostal Hubris as Parable for the Theatre
Authors: BESONG BATE
Published: August 2023

The Convertby Francis NyamnjohMmegi Publishing House, 2003, 44pp, ISBN 99912-525-0-9
Francis B. Nyamnjoh’s academic and creative itinerary has embraced a wide range of subjects and moods. The topography of Mind Searching (Kucena 1991) and its sequel, The Disillusioned African (Nooremac Press 1995), for instance, fundamentally explore fragmented landscapes in which ethnic consciousness, bigotry, exclusivist sentiments and narrowminded irredentism have become the determinants of an evolving material culture. These abnormalities have given rise to the institutional and systemic defacements ingrained in the aberrant mode of national intercourse and further adumbrated by sham democratization circuses that have brought massive concussions to the aboriginal, neo-colonial Cameroonian state structure. The lack of vision of successive francophone leaders and their legendary obduracy to utilize the gifts and gains of Re-Unification have rendered the federation artificial in structure and content. Clearly, then, the idealism of Re-Unification has been imprisoned in an imploding time-capsule.
The 2005 Ethiopian Elections: Millstone or Milestone?
Authors: Abegaz Berhanu
Published: August 2023

Ye’Netsanet Goh Siqed: Liqelebes Ye’Temokerew Ye’Ityopia Demokraci [As the Dawn of Freedom Breaks: Ethiopian Democracy Imperiled with Derailment] by Berhanu Nega. Addis Ababa (Kaliti Prison), 2006, 615 pp.
Democracy is ultimately about the sovereignty and political equality of citizens, and the institutions of accountability that are undergirded by a culture of respect for the rule of law. If free balloting were the essence of democracy, the May 15, 2005 Ethiopian legislative elections are “foundational” enough to be hailed as a turning point in the making of Ethiopian democracy1. Bolstered by remarkably open electoral campaigns, the registration rate was high and some 90 percent of registered voters cast their votes. Many stoically endured long queues. Aspiring to full enfranchisement and free citizenship, the Ethiopian poor showed the world, is no monopoly of the rich...
Histoire Politique du Congo
Authors: Rashidi Noël Obotela
Published: August 2023

République Démocratique du Congo : Biographies des acteurs de la Transition (juin 2003-juin 2006) de Jean Omasombo et Erik KennesCentre d’Études Politiques/Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale/Centre d’Études et de Recherche Documentaires sur l’Afrique Centrale, 2006 ISBN 90-75894-84-8, 264 pagesLe Congo à l’épreuve de la Démocratie: Essai d’histoire politique de Jean-Pierre Lobho lwa Djugudjugu Presses de l’Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, 2006, 363 pages ISBN 99951-16-00-0Vivre ensemble au Katanga de Donatien Dibwe Dia Mwembu et de Marcel Ngandu Mutombo L’Harmattan, Paris, 2005 ISBN 2-7475-9023-2, 399 pages, 32 Euro
Trois institutions de recherche (CEP, CERDAC et MRAC) ont conjugué leurs efforts pour livrer les biographies des acteurs de la Transition en République Démocratique du Congo (RDC). Juin 2003 marque le début du processus adopté à Sun City en Afrique du Sud avec l’installation du Gouvernement et des autres institutions. Juin 2006 aurait dû être la fin de cet intermède. Malheureusement il a encore été prolongé de quelques mois.
Les sciences sociales pour construire notre futur en Afrique
Authors: Aïcha Benamar
Published: August 2023

Sciences sociales et l’avenir de l’Afrique de Knowledge Rajohane Matshedisho et al. CODESRIA, Dakar 2005, 161 pp.

Cet ouvrage constitue un recueil de cinq contributions,de jeunes universitaires africains, portant sur la problématique du rôle des sciences sociales, dans la construction d’un futur africain.« Réinterpréter et reconstruire l’Afrique: le défi de la recherche en sciences sociales » est un texte introductif de Knowledge Rajohane Matshedisho, qui s’appuie sur une analyse du discours colonial en Afrique et du concept de société civile. Reprenant Mamdani (1996), dans son analyse publiée dans Citizen and Subject, l’auteur souligne que le concept de société civile en Afrique, ne s’est pas développé de la même façon qu’en Europe, parce que sans doute imprégné du discours racial colonial de « l’Altérité »...
Tribute to a Committed Intellectual
Authors: GODWIN R. MURUNGA
Published: August 2023

Let the People Speak: Tanzania Down the Road to Neo-Liberalism by Issa G. ShivjiCODESRIA, 2006, xiii+303pp., ISBN: 2-86978-183-0 (pbk)
Let the People Speak was Issa Gulamhussein Shivji’s last book before his retirement from the University of Dar es Salaam in 2006. Retiring at the age of 60, he had by then served the University’s Faculty of Law for 36 uninterrupted years. He distinguished himself as a thorough intellectual whose work reflected a commitment to Africa that is unmatched in its passion, rigour and vigour. Shivji combined erudition and relevance which he presented in accessible modes that also included poetry and short story, oftentimes rendered in Kiswahili. He earned his LL.B. (Hons.) in 1970 from the then University of East Africa, his LL.M. in 1971 from the University of London and his Ph.D. in 1982 from the University of Dar es Salaam. Throughout these years, and considering the multiple crises that befell many African universities, Shivji stayed put at Dar es Salaam, rising through the ranks from tutorial fellow on 1 May 1970 to full professor on 1 July 1986...
Making a Living in Contemporary Rural South Africa
Authors: Maano Ramutsindela
Published: August 2023

Livelihoods and Landscapes: The People of Guquka and Koloni and their Resources by Paul Hebinck and Peter Lent (eds) Brill, 2007, 387 pp, ISBN 978 90 04 16169 6
Researchers and commentators have variously been intrigued by the connection between people and landscapes, especially in rural environments, where such connections have remained intact despite the huge impact of industrialisation and modernisation on society. Accounts for the people-landscape nexus reveal that humans contributed to shaping existing landscapes and adapted their livelihood strategies to changing landscapes. The interconnectedness of people and their rural landscapes has largely been projected as a sign of backwardness. Such projections are clear from images of Africa and its people, which have historically been linked to the livelihoods of rural inhabitants as if all people in the continent live in rural areas and under similar conditions. Mudimbe clearly articulated those images and their link to rural environments in the following words: ‘from … the insistent image of the African continent as a “refused place” arise: a hot piece of land on which pathetic beings live on roots, herbs and carmel’s milk; a monstrous place and, therefore … a place where madness and melancholia reign supreme’...
Enjeux et defis de la refondation de l’État en République Démocratique du Congo
Authors: Noël Obotela Rashidi
Published: August 2023

Congo, mots pour maux par Bestine Kazadi Ditabala L’Harmattan, 2006, Paris, 53 pages. ISBN : 2-296-01342-2
Des conflits locaux à la guerre régionale en Afrique centrale : Le Congo-Kinshasa oriental, 1996 – 2007 coordonné par Alphonse Maindo Monga Ngonga L’Harmattan, 2007, Paris, 310 pages. ISBN : 978-2-296-04158-5
Le paradoxe politique, une réalité pour la diversité culturelle au Congo-Kinshasa : Le cas des ethnies de la Province de Bandundu coordonné par Léon Matangila Musadila et Bruno Lapika. L’Harmattan/Espace Kinshasa, Paris, 2007, 248 pages. ISBN : 978-2-296-03099-2
RD Congo, les élections et après ? Intellectuels et politiques posent les enjeux de l’après – transition d’Eddie Tambw Kitenge bin Kitoko et Anatole Collinet Makosso. Géo-Ecostrapol/L’Harmattan, Paris, 2006, 276 pages. ISBN: 2-296-02275-8
Entrer dans la Troisième République : La République Démocratique du Congo face à son avenir de Charles Wola Bangala. Espace L’Harmattan, 2007, Kinshasa, 219 pages. ISBN : 978-2-296-03790-8
Quarante-six ans après l’accession à l’indépendance, la République Démocratique du Congo (RDC) a organisé des élections multipartistes en juillet et octobre 2006. Le chemin a été long et ponctué d’atermoiements souvent funestes. La communauté internationale qui a longtemps « materné » le processus de paix et la transition espère voir le pays évoluer vers la mise en place d’un nouvel ordre politique assuré par des institutions démocratiques. Les dirigeants issus de ces consultations ont-ils la capacité voulue pour réussir le pari de cette renaissance ? Les enjeux demeurent nombreux et les défis à relever difficiles à vaincre d’un trait. Le présent compte-rendu donne l’occasion d’esquisser les pistes de solution à ces interrogations...
APE et mobilisation des ressources nationales au Congo : défis et opportunités
Authors: Alain Douathe Koyangozo
Published: August 2023

La mise en oeuvre des Accords de partenariat économique (APE) entre les pays d’Afrique, des Caraïbes et du Pacifique (ACP) sont susceptibles d’avoir une incidence importante sur les recettes douanières et fiscales des pays ACP. Au Congo, l’impact de la mise en oeuvre d’un APE pourrait en effet être majeur du fait de la suppression substantielle des droits des douanes sur les importations en provenance de l’UE qui représentent plus de 50% de ses importations globales. En revanche, certaines entreprises implantées dans ce pays, ainsi que les consommateurs, pourraient en tirer des bénéfices...
L’université africaine et l’étudiant « international »
Authors: Tayeb Rehaïl
Published: August 2023

Cet ouvrage est l’aboutissement d’un programme collectif de recherche intitulé « Étudiants étrangers au Maghreb et dans l’espace euro-méditerranéen. Vers quelle internationalisation de l’enseignement supérieur et vers quelle circulation des compétences ? ». Inscrit dans le cadre des projets du Fonds de Solidarité Prioritaire (FSP) à l’appui des recherches en sciences humaines et sociales entre le Maghreb et la France, il a été dirigé par Sylvie Mazzella depuis l’Institut de Recherche sur le Maghreb Contemporain à Tunis et géré par la Maison des Sciences de l’Homme à Paris...
Guerre de libération et nostalgie coloniale : lorsque la ‘nostalgérie’ fait office d’histoire
Authors: Mohammed Harbi  , Gilbert Meynier
Published: August 2023

On ne présente plus Patrick Buisson, ardent conseiller de Nicolas Sarkozy, de la chaîne Histoire, des cabinets Publifact et Publiopinion, naguère de l’hebdomadaire d’extrême-droite Minute. Si l’histoire vraie s’écrit en confrontant des documents d’origine différente, le luxueux album de Buisson ne montre que des photos militaires françaises conçues comme armes de guerre psychologique. Que dirait-on d’un livre sur la guerre de 1954-1962 qui serait illustré uniquement avec les photos du FLN ? Qu’il s’agirait d’apologie, non d’histoire. Rien dans le titre ne dit qu’il s’agit de la guerre vue par le service photographique des armées : circulairement, l’armée se raconte l’Algérie qu’elle a rêvée, et fait encore post bellum rêver l’auteur. L’album est un bréviaire de l’esthétisme légionnaire/para, un péan nostalgique au temps viril guerrier. En dépit de la suppression de l’article 4 de la loi du 23 février 2005, il magnifie l’Algérie française et réhabilite le fait colonial. Cela avec les thèmes de prédilection récurrents du nationalisme français : protéger la France des étrangers menaçants, défendre une armée française – celle de l’affaire Dreyfus, des fusillés pour l’exemple de 1914-1918, de la répression du peuple algérien en lutte pour son indépendance, alors que « l’Algérie n’était pas une colonie, mais la France prolongée jusqu’au Sahara »...
The Iron Lady of Liberia
Authors: Adekeye Adebajo
Published: August 2023

abstract
Les rapports de genre, enjeux des transformations socioéconomiques et politiques en afrique
Authors: Yamina Rahou
Published: August 2023

resume
Is Good Governance a Pre-requisite for Africa’s Development?
Authors: Jomo Kwame Sundaram  , Anis Chowdhury
Published: August 2023

abstract
A New Look at Aksum
Authors: Kathryn A. Bard
Published: August 2023

abstract
Inability to Utilize Information Technology in Improving The Quality off Government Financial Statements
Authors: Pasolo Fahrudin , Pasolo Muhammad Ridhwansyah , Ameliana Yana
Published: August 2023

This research investigates the factors that influence the quality of government financial statements with organizational commitment as a moderator in Jayapura City, Papua. This research is a quantitative research type. Using 88 samples from 30 regional apparatus organizations within the Jayapura city. We found that Government Accounting Standards, Internal control system, have significant influence on quality of government financial statements. While the use of information technology does not have a significant effect on quality of government financial statements. This study has an important contribution in finding determinants of the quality of financial statements in Jayapura city government and become an evaluation of future improvements.
Vom Schüler einer christlichen Kolonialschule zum Wotansverehrer
Authors: Bauer Sybille , Egerer Juliane
Published: August 2023

Über die Langlebigkeit von nationalistischem, kolonialistischem und judenfeindlichem Denken. In dieser historisch-skandinavistischen Untersuchung wird erstmalig der schriftliche Nachlass des Hamburger Großkaufmannssohns W. L.G. Elmenhorst (1890-1964) analysiert: Gedichte, Berichte, Briefe, ein Kolonialroman und Erzählungen. Drei Interviews ergänzen diese Quellen. Elmenhorst lebte von 1911 bis 1924 in der Kolonie Deutsch-Südwestafrika. Sein Denken ist geprägt von Naturromantik, Antiurbanismus, Germanophilie, Nationalismus, Kaisertreue, Kolonialismus, Rassismus und Judenfeindlichkeit. Den Völkermord an Herero und Nama erwähnt er in seinem Nachlass nicht. Sein Gedicht Eddische Lieder von 1920 ist Zeugnis für Legitimation deutscher Herrschaftsansprüche, für Instrumentalisierung und Ideologisierung nordgermanischer Mythen in der ersten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts. Elmenhorst sieht sich als Germanen und Nachfahren von Wikingern. Seine Sammlung von Artefakten indigener Völker sendet er dem damaligen Völkerkundemuseum in Hamburg. Nach 1918 prägen Hass auf England, Kolonialrevisionismus und ab 1923 die NS-Ideologie sein Denken. Der Nachlass zeigt beispielhaft die Langlebigkeit von nationalistischem, kolonialistischem und judenfeindlichem Denken vom Kaiserreich bis zur Bundesrepublik.
Schlechte Verlierer
Authors: Gebert Bent
Published: August 2023

Ein Lob schlechter Verlierer: Was Textkulturen der Antike, des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit über ihre Spielregeln lieber nicht wissen wollen. Schlechte Verlierer sind ungemütliche Zeitgenossen: Sie brüten am Rand, wenn die Gewinner bereits feiern, und erheben Einsprüche, wenn längst alles geregelt scheint. Dennoch birgt das Archiv der Weltliteratur eine Vielzahl wirkungsmächtiger Einspruchsfiguren, deren Faszinationskraft von der Antike bis in die Gegenwart strahlt: vom homerischen Achill bis zu Kapitän Ahab, von den Dialogverlierern Platons bis zum trotzigen Parzival, von der Streitgöttin Discordia bis zu den toxischen Tweets Donald Trumps. Doch weshalb muten sich Literaturen der Antike, des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit ikonische Negativfiguren zu, die sich weder ästhetisch genießen, produktiv einhegen noch funktional aufheben lassen? Während vielfach die Stimulationskraft des Scheiterns beschworen wird, wendet sich das Buch den dunklen Rückseiten einer Literatur- und Kulturgeschichte des Verlierens zu. Prägnant heben sich in ihr Provokationsfiguren ab, die implizite Voraussetzungen kultureller Ordnungen durch Verletzung hervortreiben. Unter systematischen Gesichtspunkten erkunden die Lektüren die seismographischen Potenziale, die schlechte Verlierer dadurch verstärken: ihre raumgreifenden Wirkungen, ihre Energien sowie die Rationalisierungsanstrengungen, die ihnen Bedeutung verleihen, sie umzuwerten suchen oder selbst als Widerspruchsfiguren einbinden.
A Comparative Study of the Effect of Labetalol and Remifentanil on Pain Control After Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Mohseni Masood , Farahmand Rad Reza , Jafarian Ali Akbar , Rostami Mojtaba , Khosravi Niloofar
Published: August 2023

Background: Finding the optimal combination of anesthetics to maintain hemodynamic stability during surgery can be challenging. Traditionally, strong opioid analgesics such as fentanyl and its newer analogs have been used. However, the use of narcotics is associated with certain side effects. Objectives: This study compares the effects of labetalol and remifentanil in pain control after bariatric surgery in Hazrat Rasool Akram Hospital. Methods: This randomized, double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 48 laparoscopic bariatric surgery patients. The participants were randomly divided into two groups receiving remifentanil or labetalol. Postoperative pain was measured in the recovery unit using the numerical rating scale (NRS). This score was recorded upon entering recovery, and 30 minutes, 60 minutes, and 120 minutes after surgery for each patient. Also, the duration of anesthesia, the duration of the operation, the recovery time, the dose of the administered opioids, the volume of intravenous fluids, and the dose of administered propofol were recorded for each patient. Nausea and vomiting after the operation were also recorded as outcomes. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding the mean duration of surgery and anesthesia, dose of the administered anesthetics, recovery period, nausea and vomiting, and the dose of analgesics after the operation. The mean pain intensity during the given period and also the trend of pain intensity changes between the two groups demonstrated no statistically significant differences (P = 0.112). During the operation, 9 subjects (37.5%) in the labetalol group and 16 (66.7%) in the remifentanil group needed more analgesics (rescue drug); in this regard, a significant difference was observed between the two groups (P = 0.043). Conclusions: Based on the study’s findings, there were no significant differences between labetalol and remifentanil in post and perioperative pain control. However, rescue drugs needed to maintain hemodynamic stability during laparoscopic surgery were significantly lower in patients who received labetalol than remifentanil. Postoperative complications were also comparable between labetalol and remifentanil.