bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electricity production using renewable resources in urban centres
Authors: Barragán-Escandón Antonio , Terrados-Cepeda Julio , Zalamea-León Esteban , Arias-Reyes Pablo
Published: October 2017

Previous research has identified 11 technologies that use resources that are available in or come from cities. It has been established that using these technologies, the flows from energy carriers required by cities could be reduced. These carriers can be electricity or fuels. Of the identified technologies, eight can produce electricity: biomass, biodigestor biogas, landfill biogas, waste incineration, tidal, small wind, small hydroelectric and photovoltaic technologies. The use of these technologies depends on the existence of resources and technical, economic and social or environmental factors. This research proposes the use of multiple-criteria techniques to select the most appropriate options for promoting renewable energy in cities. This approach was applied to the medium-sized city of Cuenca in Ecuador. Ecuador is a developing country, is an oil producer and has important water resources. The authors concluded that studies of the potential for implementing hydroelectric and solar photovoltaic energy and energy from landfill gas should be extended. The results coincide with the existing resources, implemented projects and the expectations of local professionals.
Book Review: Scaffolded Language Emergence in the Classroom: From Theory to Practice
Authors: Rauhoff Gabriel
Published: October 2017

This is a book review for Donald Kiraly and Sarah Signer's co-written piece that provides a readers a new approach to language learning. In Scaffolded Language Emergence (SLE), the classroom environment is revised to facilitate second language emergent behavior. The book review provides a brief summary of SLE, a summary of Kiraly and Signer's expertise in relation to the book's contents, and an evaluation of the book.
Oil Price Pass-Through into Core Inflation
Authors: Conflitti Cristina , Luciani Matteo
Published: October 2017

Quantifying the magnitude and establishing the timing of the pass-through of oil price changes to consumer prices is crucial for forecasting inflation. Characterizing this pass-through is particularly important because oil prices tend to undergo wide fluctuations. In this note we presented estimates of the oil price pass-through into consumer prices both in the US and in the euro area.
A középfokú szakképzésből kikerülő fiatalok potenciális munkáltatóinak szakképzési folyamattal és kimenettel kapcsolatos elvárásai és részvételi jellemzői
Authors: Vámosi Tamás
Published: October 2017

Our vocational training system is changing constantly, nevertheless, the process cannot ignore the assessment of the results reached so far and the channelling of the participating partners’ feedback, and the elaboration of newer developmental or correctional steps based on them. The main aim of our present research was to study the expectations related to the world of work of given professional groups on different levels of vocational training, the role and function of employers in the vocational training process. After the exploration the aim of the research was to give voice to professional recommendations, which can be a solution for adjusting a problem of education/vocational training to the labour market’s problems on a qualification level.
Egy interdiszciplinaritásra törekvő, alkalmazott pedagógiai kutatásokkal és fejlesztésekkel foglalkozó hallgatói és oktatói közösség győri seregszemléjének értékelése
Authors: Poór Zoltán
Published: October 2017

A XXXIII. Országos Tudományos Diákköri Konferencia Tanulás- és Tanításmódszertani – Tudástechnológiai Szekciójára – mint a 2017. évi tudománypedagógiai rendezvénysorozat kezdő eseményére 2017. március 23-a és 25-e között a győri Széchenyi István Egyetem Apáczai Csere János Karán került sor.Amikor a konferencia záróünnepélyén a fent nevezett integratív tudományterületet gondozó szakmai bizottság alelnökeként az értékelés volt a feladatom, illendőnek és célszerűnek ítéltem meg, hogy áttekintsem azt az utat, amely ehhez a szakmai-tudományos rendezvényhez vezetett. Végiggondoltam, hogy milyen tendenciák rajzolódtak ki a konferenciával záruló kétéves periódusban. Vállalkozom továbbá arra, hogy némi futurológiai érzékkel kitérjek a perspektívákra is.
Learner Responsibility and Homework Quality in Secondary EFL Blending
Authors: Fekete Imre
Published: October 2017

The purpose of this research is to scrutinise advantages and disadvantages of blended learning both from the perspective of the learners and the teacher in a secondary EFL class. Throughout the four-week blending process, online and offline content being the same, informants did their homework through Macmillan Online Campus. Based on weekly learner feedback, an interview with the mentor teacher and post-lesson reflections of the teacher-researcher the study concluded by saying that blending results in learner awareness of higher quality homework, however does not necessarily raise learner awareness and learner responsibility. Disadvantages and advantages of MEC were also elaborated on both from the teacher’s and the learners’ perspective.
Olvasmányellenőrzés napjainkban – Az IKON-módszer
Authors: Kodácsi Boglárka
Published: October 2017

The former conflict around reading control has revived. Several questions have surfaced not only about the content of the works, but the relevance of the reading diary as well as the usefulness of the reading control tests. The questionnaire of the compulsory reading and the exercises of the reading control helped me create a new method. The IKON-method (Interaktív és Kreatív Olvasmányellenőrzés Napjainkban = Interactive and Creative Reading Control Today) integrates mainly the infocommunication technology into the flow of reading control. The main target of this paper is to direct the readers’ attention to the questions of reading control, and update the problem using the raised method, and help a professional discourse on the topic.
Gráfok modern bevezetése a középiskolában
Authors: Kovács Veronika
Published: October 2017

Graph theory is a fastly developing area of mathematics and is present in our everyday life. The internet and navigation systems can be modelled with graphs as well as the connection of braincells or human connections. In Hungary in 1984. graph theory was not part of the curriciula for math teacher students, now it is a part of the highschool final exam. In our work we propose a way to teach graph theory in highschool. We planned a material based on the suggestions of researchers of the area. We tought the material in grade 9 and as a verification we put together a test for these pupils consisting of the final exam problems.
A pedagógusok képzési motivációi és igényei
Authors: Deichlerné Könyves Ildikó , Bencéné Fekete Andrea
Published: October 2017

The aim of the research is to examine the teachers’ motivation for learning and training. Research was directed towards to explore the factors that influence educators in learning, training, motivation, and to what extent the various motives influenced individuals’ self-education. Research issues include the verification of the topic whether the educator career has or has not changed the introduction of the training needs and the training product.In the light of the results of the research motivational opportunities, techniques that have been applied to learning, trainings, motivation to help educators meet the leaders of the institution are presented. In a knowledge-based society it is important for educators to learn how to support the new knowledge, the development of competences.
Esszészövegek tipográfiai elemzése
Authors: Fülöp Károly
Published: October 2017

In the last fifty years numerous studies were born about the difficulties of the national teaching of writing, have been registered again and again for decades known problems at all levels of public education. The author now examines essays of university students: he will assess Eötvös Loránd University seminar papers of native speaker criterion exam from typographical aspects, pointing out that although awareness of editing has been reflected in the use of margins and paragraphs, writing purely in this field is less than optimal, and preserves the shortcomings of early development. This study is part of a larger research on adults’ writing strategy. The introduction summarizes the results of the research so far, the conclusions have been obtained from quantitative indicators, and the results can be used to help the development plans on the daily practice of teaching writing compositions.
Piroska MEGA farkas esete nagyival
Authors: Kopházi-Molnár Erzsébet , Tarai Zoltán
Published: October 2017

Nowadays fairy tales are in abundance. Besides the classical stories we can find more and more modernized versions on the shelves of bookshops and on the internet as well. Usually it is the parents, the relatives and the teachers who try to find the books they consider to be the most suitable ones for the kids, which is not an easy task looking at the choice. As the number of modernized stories is increasing, we presupposed that it was (partly) because the children thought that they were closer to them and to the reality of everyday life. Therefore we had a concept that the children preferred them to the classical stories. We approached the question from the point of the view of the children. The present study is based on a survey conducted among thirty children in the second class in which we were curious to see how they received a classical story (namely Little Red Riding Hood) and its version of today. Analysing their answers we will present what they really think about an over-modernized tale.
M9 base medium for bee gut bacteria v1
Authors: Engel Philipp
Published: October 2017

This protocol is used to prepare stock solutions for a M9-based ‘minimal’ medium containing trace metals, vitamins, and casamino acids. Pollen extract or other carbon sources can be added to promote growth of bee gut bacteria (proteobacteria).
MOLUSCOS HOSPEDEIROS INTERMEDIÁRIOS DE TREMATÓDEOS EM LAGOA URBANA DO MUNICÍPIO DE CAMPINAS, SP
Authors: Frezza Tarsila Ferraz , Madi Rubens Riscala , Silveira Crislaine Rodrigues da , Anjos Marcela Chenfel dos , Allegretti Silmara Marques
Published: October 2017

Os trematódeos são helmintos que parasitam todas as classes de vertebrados e utilizam moluscos como hospedeiros intermediários. Esses parasitas apresentam fases aquáticas sendo possível encontrá-los em coleções de água-doce. Este trabalho teve por objetivo determinar as espécies de moluscos que atuam como hospedeiros intermediários de trematódeos em uma lagoa urbana no município de Campinas-SP. Foram realizadas coletas mensais entre maio e setembro de 2008, por meio de arrasto vertical do lodo, com auxílio de concha de captura em cinco pontos localizados na região central e margem da lagoa Chico Mendes. Foram coletados moluscos de quatro Gêneros: os Bivalves Corbicula sp. (Corbiculiidae) e Anodonta sp. (Mycetopodidae), e os Gastropodas Lymnaea sp. (Lymnaeidae) e Pomacea sp. (Ampullariidae). Apenas os gêneros Lymnaea sp. e Pomacea sp. apresentaram resultado positivo para a eliminação de cercárias dos tipos equinóstoma e anfístoma, respectivamente. O conhecimento dos ciclos biológicos de variadas espécies de parasitas fornece subsídios para estudos mais aprofundados de controle de doenças ou das interações ecológicas na utilização de parasitas como indicadores ambientais.
VIVÊNCIAS DE PORTADORES DE TUBERCULOSE E IMPORTÂNCIA DA FAMÍLIA À ADESÃO TERAPÊUTICA
Authors: Silva Ayanne Nathalya Muniz da , Sousa Milena Nunes Alves de , Lima Adalmira Batista , Silva Maria Cecília Lopes da , Camboim José Cleston Alves , Camboim Francisca Elidivânia de Farias
Published: October 2017

Objetivo: Analisar as vivências de portadores de tuberculose frente à descoberta da patologia e a importância da família para a adesão ao tratamnto. Método: Estudo do tipo descritivo, de campo com abordagem qualitativa, realizada nas Unidades de Saúde da Família da cidade de Patos- PB. Participaram do estudo 09 portadores de tuberculose, obedecendo aos critérios de inclusão da pesquisa. Os dados foram analisados à luz da literatura pertinente, e o projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa das Faculdades Integradas de Patos. Resultados: O portador de tuberculose ainda enfrenta muito preconceito advindos da sociedade e de familiares em relação à patologia, além das mudanças que ocorrem de forma significativa em sua vida, podendo acarretar inclusive, nos aspectos emocionais de cada um. Conclusão: O apoio familiar e social é um dos fatores primordiais para êxito do tratamento, e a equipe de saúde exerce papel fundamental no esclarecimento dos cuidados do portador de TB.
PRÁTICAS DE FORMAÇÃO NO CONTEXTO DA CIBERCULTURA: MULTIMODALIDADE E MULTIRREFERENCIALIDADE NO ENSINO DE INGLÊS
Authors: Façanha Maria Amália Vargas , Lucena Simone
Published: October 2017

Este artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar experiências vividas em um curso de Letras Inglês, de uma Universidade Federal Brasileira, com o foco nas práticas de letramentos envolvendo os ambientes de sala de aula e da rede social Facebook. As práticas desenvolvidas e as análises seguiram a perspectiva das teorias dos novos letramentos e multiletramentos e da multirreferencialidade, envolvendo práticas da cibercultura, como espaçostempos multirreferenciais de formação. A convergência de diferentes modos de produção de significado presentes em artefatos produzidos pelos discentes e o trabalho com mídias digitais apontaram para uma realidade em que, cada vez mais, a aproximação das práticas desenvolvidas na escola, as quais ainda estão muito centradas na modalidade linguística, com projetos multimodais já tão presentes no cotidiano das pessoas pode levar os agentes envolvidos no processo de ensino-aprendizagem a leituras mais críticas e significativas de questões do cotidiano.
A CURADORIA DIGITAL ON-LINE E O PROCESSO DE FORMAÇÃO DO PROFESSOR-AUTOR: EXPERIÊNCIAS DE AUTORIA EM/NA REDE
Authors: Scherer Bassani Patrícia , Biolo Magnus Emanuele , Wilbert Berta
Published: October 2017

O estudo aqui apresentado busca contribuir, complementar e ampliar o escopo de pesquisas envolvendo o uso das tecnologias digitais no processo de formação de professores sob a perspectiva do professor-autor, a partir de uma estratégia pedagógica que envolve a autoria sob a perspectiva da curadoria digital, articulada aos estudos sobre ambientes pessoais de aprendizagem (ou Personal Learning Environments - PLE). O objetivo consiste em analisar as possibilidades das ferramentas de curadoria on-line como espaços para o exercício da autoria e da socialização de saberes na perspectiva do PLE, no contexto da formação inicial de professores de licenciatura. O presente estudo, de natureza aplicada e abordagem qualitativa, foi desenvolvido com base no método da Cartografia, envolvendo um grupo de acadêmicos de licenciatura regularmente matriculados no curso Letras. Os dados foram produzidos a partir de observação in loco durante as aulas e dos documentos on-line produzidos pelos estudantes, seguido por um processo de análise documental. Resultados apontam que as ferramentas de curadoria oportunizam a autoria, uma vez que tornam público um conjunto de escolhas do sujeito, caracterizando um primeiro movimento de gestão e apropriação do PLE
Expertise of quality of medical care in general practice
Authors: Moiseeva Irina E
Published: October 2017

The article presents some results of the expertise of the quality of medical care by general practitioners (family doctors) in outpatient medical organizations working in the system of obligatory medical insurance. The most common errors in the collection of information, the diagnosis and the treatment, identified during the expertise of the quality of care by the assessment of patient medical records, as well as comments on the often-occurring defects in the preparation of medical records are listed.
Analysis of Socio-Spatial Differences in Germany for the Definition of Online Milieus
Authors: Linke Knut
Published: October 2017

This research paper is part of a research project that analyses the influence of socioeconomic variables on the usage of online social networks to provide quality ensured social media supported business transactions. The research in this paper contains the analysing of the online milieu groups from the Responsibility-Driven Individuals and the Digital Vanguards, which were defined 2012 as milieu groups for online users in Germany. Both target groups are part of the in Germany well-established approach of lifeworlds and milieus for the differentiation of groups in the society. With such a distinguishing of customer groups, the communication with agents in social media communication will be more efficient due to a more standardized targeting. To increase the information fundament about the two mentioned lifeworlds and to be able to select those mentioned areas on more valid preferences, an analysis of past lifeworlds definitions and lifeworld analyses are conducted. The analysis in this research covers the lifeworlds’ definitions for milieus in Germany since the mid-1980th. In the analysing of the former definitions of lifeworlds the area of the mentioned online milieu groups is set as a requirement for the analyses to find more information about those fields in the German society. The research ends with an overview of the (qualitative) influence factors, which might present for customer selection from the mentioned lifeworlds and contains suggestions and questions for additional research in the research project. Also, it creates professional strategies for improvement of building and urban resilience.
Use of probiotics and prebiotics in pig nutrition in the post-weaning period
Authors:   Linley Valley Pork, Australia, Stensland Ingunn , Pluske John R. ,   Murdoch University, Australia
Published: October 2017

Prebiotics and probiotics have attracted considerable interest as alternatives or replacements for growth-promoting antibiotics and/or some heavy metals in diets for pigs, particularly in the post-weaning period where the newly weaned pig is subject to considerable challenges in its new environment. This chapter briefly reviews the microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract of the young pig and the important role it plays in the early stages of life. The chapter then defines probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics, in addition to reviewing the research conducted on the topic, including a case study where a probiotic product (Peribios™) has been used commercially to modulate the production around parturition. Finally, it looks ahead for possible future trends and offers suggestions on where to look for more information on the topic.
A reconstrução da Capela das Mercês em São Luiz do Paraitinga
Authors: Allucci Renata Rendelucci
Published: October 2017

O artigo apresenta o processo de reconstrução da Capela das Mercês, situada na cidade paulista de São Luiz do Paraitinga, destruída por uma enchente em janeiro de 2010. Com a catástrofe, as ações e as tensões entre interesses de diferentes grupos ficaram explicitadas por meio de decisões a respeito da maneira sobre como se daria a reconstrução desse edifício. A Capela das Mercês, como monumento histórico, arquitetônico e cultural tombado atua sobre a memória dos luizenses e, por meio dela, preserva e dissemina a identidade da comunidade. Foram analisados parte dos documentos dos processos de tombamento e da reconstrução e alguns discursos dos representantes do órgão federal de preservação do patrimônio nacional.
Maceió nos Jornais: transformações urbanas do riacho Maceió (1947-1949)
Authors: Barros Carlina Rocha de Almeida , Santos Caroline Gonçalves dos , Maia Roberta Félix , Carvalho Sibéria Freitas de
Published: October 2017

Na cidade de Maceió (AL) o riacho Maceió teve presença marcante no início da ocupação urbana, caracterizando-se como elemento de importância paisagística e referencial do lugar. Com a crescente necessidade de expansão da cidade uma drástica mudança ocorreu no final da década de 1940, quando se iniciaram as obras de retificação do riacho afetando sua simbologia e apropriação, e alterando sua relação com o meio urbano. Propõe-se uma reflexão sobre um recorte do espaço urbano de Maceió a PARTIR de transformações que alteraram significativamente o curso do riacho e que foram noticiadas pelos jornais. Para isso foram levantadas reportagens acerca do riacho de 1947 a 1949 no intuito de colaborar no entendimento da mudança simbólica desse elemento natural e de suas relações com a sociedade.
Ordem e demolição – os imperativos de civilidade e os cortiços da cidade de São Paulo em fins do século XIX
Authors: Domenicis Bianca Melzi
Published: October 2017

É indubitável a coexistência de preocupações higiênicas e estéticas nas transformações urbanas da cidade de São Paulo em fins do século XIX. Nesse sentido, a atenção da municipalidade com os cortiços paulistanos fez parte de um amplo plano de saneamento que buscava um ambiente belo e saudável, ou seja, útil ao bem estar social e à imagem promissora da cidade. Os vilões da saúde e da moral paulistana eram os cortiços: lugar de aglomeração, sujeira, vício e pobreza. Apesar de indesejadas, estas habitações coletivas existiam em grande número na capital paulista, e o poder público, baseado nas Posturas Municipais e no Código Sanitário de 1894, se utilizou principalmente de visitas domiciliares e interdições aos cortiços para diminuir este mal social, higiênico e estético nos arredores do centro paulistano.
História urbana. A configuração de um campo conceitual
Authors: Torrão Filho Amilcar
Published: October 2017

Ao definir o espaço de constituição do capitalismo e da modernidade, Fernand Braudel, em seu clássico Civilização Material, Economia e Capitalismo, não hesita em afirmar a cidade como o lócus de construção histórica desta modernidade. As cidades são, para este autor, como transformadores elétricos: elas aumentam as tensões, precipitam as trocas, removem a vida dos homens. São nascidas da mais revolucionária divisão do trabalho: campo de um lado, atividades urbanas do outro. A cidade é cesura, ruptura, destino do mundo. Ao surgir com a escritura ela abre as portas para a história; quando renasce na Europa no séc. XI a ascensão do continente começa, quando ela floresce na Itália, é o Renascimento. Tão importante quanto seu conceito de longa duração, muitas vezes referenciado entre historiadores e cientistas sociais, Braudel ao dar tamanha importância ao espaço e à cidade também pensou num conceito que desse conta da dinâmica que envolve a cidade e a história, a pouco citada longa dimensão. A vida da cidade está associada a um espaço de longa dimensão, de onde vêm seus homens, onde estão suas relações comerciais, cidades, vilas e mercados que aceitam os seus pesos e medidas ou suas moedas, ou que falam a sua língua dialetal (s.d.: 560-1). De onde ela imperiosa, imperial e imperativamente tira seu sustento, sua mão-de-obra, seu exército industrial de reserva, seu poder. “No Ocidente, capitalismo e cidades, no fundo, são a mesma coisa”, afirma o historiador francês (s.d.: 586).
Tempo transversal
Authors: Costa Frederico Vergueiro
Published: October 2017

Temáticas feministas e de gênero ganharam proeminência em publicações nos Estados Unidos no início dos anos 90. A tradução para o português, em 2006, da coletânea organizada por Kate Nesbitt, em 1995, viabilizou amplo acesso nacional aos debates teóricos dos centros especializados do Norte.  Este artigo apresenta uma revisão bibliográfica de alguns destes textos e sugere potencialidades e limites para a historiografia da arquitetura e da cidade. A análise dos textos leva a uma concepção transversal da narrativa histórica a partir do olhar de diferentes sujeitos e dos atravessamentos do tempo cotidiano com o tempo histórico, do espaço sensível com o espaço construído.
THE MAKING OF INTERACTIVE APPLICATIONS OF BEGINNING COUNTING WITH MONTESSORI METHOD FOR PUSTAKA ARRIDHO KINDERGARTEN
Authors: Saputro Andito Haryo
Published: October 2017

This study aims to create an interactive application of beginning counting with Montessori method that appropriate to apply as a source of learning in Pustaka Arridho kindergarten and know the appropriateness of interactive applications made

The research method used in this research is Research and Development (RnD) using ADDIE development model adapted from Lee & Owens. The development model is divided into 5 stages: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. In the development stage, RAD (Rapid Application Development) method is used. Interview methods, literature methods, and instrument methods is used in collecting data. Further, interactive applications validated or assessed by media experts and material experts.

The results showed that interactive applications on the lesson of beginning counting successfully created. That divided into 3 parts, that is knowing numbers, sorting numbers, and counting with numbers. Based on the results of the validation of interactive applications, the percentage of interactive applications appropriateness was obtained 96.6% of material experts, and 94.7% of media experts. This shows that the interactive applications that have been developed can be used as learning resources or learning media of beginning counting.

Keywords : Interactive Application, Beginning Counting, Montessori Method.
Mobile Game-Based Learning with a Mobile App: Motivational Effects and Learning Performance
Authors: Huang Yu-Lan , Chang Dian-Fu , Wu Berlin ,   International Language and Culture Center, Yuan Ze University No. 135, Yuan-Tung Road, Chung-Li District, Taoyuan City 32003, Taiwan,   Doctoral Program of Educational Leadership and Technology Management, College of Education, Tamkang University No.151, Yingzhuan Road, Tamsui District, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan,   Graduate Institute of Educational Policy and Leadership, Tamkang University No.151, Yingzhuan Road, Tamsui District, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan,   National Chengchi University No.64, Section 2, Zhinan Road, Wenshan District, Taipei City 11605, Taiwan
Published: October 2017

Goal: The use of mobile game-based learning with a mobile app in higher education aims to provide an interesting learning method which is acceptable and workable for university students in different majors and different gender to improve their English vocabulary acquisition. Objective: To analyze how, and to what extent, mobile game-based learning influences the participants’ learning performance and learning motivational effects. Experimental Setting: A mobile application game was employed to learn English vocabulary for a hundred university freshmen students from one private university in Northern Taiwan during the spring semester, 2016. Method: A pre-questionnaire and pre-test were carried out before the participants started using the app game for learning. A post-test and post-questionnaire were completed and analyzed after the 2-week experiment. Results: This paper reveals that mobile game-based learning is a workable and acceptable learning method for both female and male university students from different faculties. The results indicate that language teachers could benefit from collecting mobile educational applications and implementing the teaching via technology model into ubiquitous learning activities. The improvement between the pre-test and post-test showed the students’ positive learning performance.
Analysis of Influence Factors of Non-Performing Loans and Path Based on the Dynamic Control Theory
Authors: Wang Zhenlei , Qin Song ,   Hangzhou Dianzi University No.9-319, 2nd Street, Jianggan, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China,   Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China,   Huazhou University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
Published: October 2017

The balance of non-performing loans (NPLs) of Chinese banking financial institutions rebounded for the first time after 2005, and credit risk has emerged as one of the rapidly rising risks in today’s financial markets. In this study, we focus on the NPLs of financial institutions. In particular, the factors affecting their rate are studied. A dynamic control theory model is used to set up a Hamilton function for describing the effect of these factors. Moreover, the path of NPLs under the influence of various factors is obtained. It was found that improved risk control and macroeconomy factors reduced the number of NPLs. In particular, to reduce the number of NPLs, the capacity of banks to manage loans should be strengthened.
Does CEP Influence Corporate Value? Evidence from Chinese Manufacturing Enterprise
Authors: Gu Wentao ,   Research Institute of Econometrics and Statistics, Zhejiang Gongshang University 18 Xuezheng Street, Xiasha Education Park, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China, Zhou Shumin , Dong Zhe
Published: October 2017

This study explores the relationship between the performance of corporate environmental protection responsibility (CEP) and corporate value. Because CEP is part of corporate social responsibility (CSR), we also investigated the impacts of other parts of CSR on corporate value. From a stakeholder perspective and with considering the unique aspects of Chinese corporations, we establish a CSR index evaluation system based on the framework of ISO26000. We subdivided the CSR index into four types: NCEPX (qualitative indices of non-CEP performance), NCEPL (quantitative indices of non-CEP performance), CEPX (qualitative indices of CEP performance), and CEPL (quantitative indices of CEP performance). We selected 122 listed manufacturing companies in mainland China to conduct CSR performance evaluations and run multiple linear fixed effect panel models. The results show that enterprises can increase corporate value by fulfilling the non-CEP, and NCEPL is more significant than NCEPX; Conversely, fulfilling CEP decreases corporate value. We also find that the coefficient of integrated CSR index is not significant.
On-Orbit Demonstration of Tether-Based Robot Locomotion in REX-J Mission
Authors: Nakanishi Hiroki , Yamazumi Mitsuhiro , Karakama Sotaro , Oda Mitsushige , Nishida Shin-ichiro , Kato Hiroki , Watanabe Keisuke , Ueta Atsushi , Yoshii Masahiro , Suzuki Satoshi ,   Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Oookayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan,   Tottori University 4-101 Koyamacho-Minami, Tottori, Tottori 680-8552, Japan,   Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan,   Advanced Engineering Service Co., Ltd. 1-6-1 Takezono, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-0032, Japan
Published: October 2017

Locomotion is an important factor affecting astronaut support robots that are used in construction, repair, and inspection. Its requirements include long reach, compactness, and light weight. Tether is a good candidate because it allows for a long reach but is very light. It is also compact when wound up. The authors have previously proposed a reconfigurable tether-based locomotion method. In the concept, the robot attaches/detaches its tethers to/from handrails on the spacecraft and moves by controlling the length and tension of the tethers. From August 2012 to May 2013, JAXA conducted the Robot Experiment on JEM (REX-J) mission, experimentally demonstrating the proposed method on the International Space Station. During the experiment, all the locomotion tasks were successfully completed. This paper describes the results of these locomotion experiments.
Wheel Slip Classification Method for Mobile Robot in Sandy Terrain Using In-Wheel Sensor
Authors: Omura Takuya ,   Keio University 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan, Ishigami Genya
Published: October 2017

This paper proposes a method that can estimate and classify the magnitude of wheel slippage for a mobile robot in sandy terrains. The proposed method exploits a sensor suite, called an in-wheel sensor, which measures the normal force and contact angle at the wheel-sand interaction boundary. An experimental test using the in-wheel sensor reveals that the maximum normal force and exit angle of the wheel explicitly vary with the magnitude of the wheel slippage. These characteristics are then fed into a machine learning algorithm, which classifies the wheel slippage into three categories: non-stuck wheel, quasi-stuck wheel, and stuck wheel. The usefulness of the proposed method for slip classification is experimentally evaluated using a four-wheel-drive test bed rover.
Performance Evaluation of Robot Localization Using 2D and 3D Point Clouds
Authors: Takahashi Kiyoaki ,   Kansai University 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan, Ono Takafumi , Takahashi Tomokazu , Suzuki Masato , Arai Yasuhiko , Aoyagi Seiji
Published: October 2017

Autonomous mobile robots need to acquire surrounding environmental information based on which they perform their self-localizations. Current autonomous mobile robots often use point cloud data acquired by laser range finders (LRFs) instead of image data. In the virtual robot autonomous traveling tests we have conducted in this study, we have evaluated the robot’s self-localization performance on Normal Distributions Transform (NDT) scan matching. This was achieved using 2D and 3D point cloud data to assess whether they perform better self-localizations in case of using 3D or 2D point cloud data.
Physiological Responses of Creeping Bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) to a Tryptophan‐Containing Organic Byproduct
Authors: Mertz Isaac , Christians Nick , Ervin Erik H. , Zhang Xunzhong
Published: October 2017

Amino acid‐based products have been used as alternative fertilizer nitrogen (N) sources to improve turfgrass performance, especially where there is a strong reliance on synthetic N sources. However, the physiological mechanisms underlying improvements in turfgrass performance are not well documented. The objective of this research was to determine whether applications of a tryptophan‐containing organic byproduct (TRP‐B) or tryptophan (TRP) + urea improve creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) performance compared with standalone applications of urea, a commonly used synthetic N source. At two separate universities, mature ‘A‐4’ creeping bentgrass plugs were transplanted into containers and allowed to re‐establish in growth chambers before being treated. Treatments included TRP‐B, urea, and TRP + urea applied every 14 d at three different N rates: 2.5, 12.25, and 24.5 kg N ha−1. At the trial's end, TRP‐B and TRP + urea increased leaf indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) by 227 and 255%, respectively, relative to urea at the high N rate, as measured at day 42 of the study. Applications of TRP‐B and TRP + urea also increased root biomass by 22 and 20%, respectively, when compared with urea only at the high N rate. The TRP‐B and TRP + urea treatments did not impact leaf total amino acids or photochemical efficiency when compared with urea only. Overall, results indicate that application of TRP‐B or TRP + urea at 24.5 kg N ha−1 every 2 wk may improve leaf and root IAA content, root biomass, and subsequent creeping bentgrass quality relative to applications of urea only.
Seedhead Development of Three Warm‐Season Turfgrasses as Influenced by Growing Degree Days, Photoperiod, and Maintenance Regimens
Authors: McCullough Patrick E. , Yu Jialin , Williams Seth M.
Published: October 2017

Seedheads of warm‐season grasses can reduce the quality of golf course turf. The objectives of this research were to evaluate environmental conditions associated with seedhead production of three warm‐season turfgrasses maintained at various mowing heights (0.6 or 1.3 cm 2 d wk−1, 3.8 cm wk−1, or no mowing) over a 3‐yr period. Photoperiod was more influential on initial seedhead development of ‘TifGrand’ bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. ×Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt‐Davy] and ‘Sea Isle 1’ seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum Sw.) than calendar date or growing degree day (GDD) accumulation. Across all mowing heights, initial seedhead emergence began at 13.5‐h photoperiod in 2013 and between 13.8 and 14.2 h in 2014 and 2015. Calendar date and GDD had stronger correlations than photoperiod with seedhead production from January until summer for bermudagrass and seashore paspalum at all mowing heights except for the 0.6 cm 2 d wk−1. ‘Diamond’ zoysiagrass [Zoysia matrella (L.) Merr.] exhibited two major flushes of seedhead emergence that began with photoperiods of ∼12.8 h in fall and spring. The GDD on dates of initial seedhead emergence in spring and fall ranged from 167 to 196 and 1949 to 2230 (base model 10°C on 1 January), respectively, in all years across mowing regimens. Zoysiagrass seedhead production had the highest correlation with GDD in spring and with photoperiod in fall. Overall, photoperiod triggers initial seedhead emergence of bermudagrass and seashore paspalum, but GDD is more influential on seedhead production in summer. The emergence of Diamond zoysiagrass seedheads in spring was associated with calendar date, GDD, and photoperiod, but emergence in fall was dependent on photoperiod.
Seasonal Cultural Management Practices for Aging Ultradwarf Bermudagrass Greens in the Subtropics: I. Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilization
Authors: Park D. M. , Cisar J. L. , Fidanza M. A. , Nangle E. J. , Snyder G. H. , Williams K. E.
Published: October 2017

Bermudagrass cultivars [Cynodon transvaalensis (L.) Pers. × Cynodon dactylon (Burtt‐Davy)] with more decumbent growth habits referred to as “ultradwarfs” have been released for use on golf course greens and tees as an alternative to standard bermudagrass varieties that have been used for >40 yr. Little research information is available on long‐term ultradwarf management requirements in subtropical environments. Therefore, a 4‐yr experiment was conducted in South Florida on a United States Golf Association specified green to determine the effects of nitrogen (N) fertility and N to potassium (K) ratios on quality, growth, and performance of three commercially released ultradwarfs (‘Champion’, ‘TifEagle’, and ‘FloraDwarf’). For all three cultivars, fertilizing at 879 kg N ha−1 yr−1 resulted in acceptable turfgrass quality with mean tissue N and K concentrations of 31 g N kg−1 and 14 g K kg−1, respectively. Over the 4‐yr experiment, leaf tissue N and K were present approximately as a 2:1 ratio, regardless of N rate and N:K ratio applied. As the ultradwarfs aged, fertilizing with 586 kg N ha−1 yr−1 was adequate. It appears that Champion and TifEagle have different mechanisms for increasing aboveground growth and had better quality and growth characteristics than FloraDwarf. This research documented the need for adjusting fertilization as the ultradwarf bermudagrass green ages and for the ultradwarf cultivar maintained.
Comparing Three Methods to Measure Putting Green Trueness
Authors: Linde Douglas T. , Mitchell Andrew D. , Hannan Brendan
Published: October 2017

Since there was not a standard method to measure putting green trueness, a golf course and plot study were conducted to compare three methods to measure putting green trueness. In 2013, the Royal & Ancient (R&A) “Holing Out Test” (HOT), a visual bobble test, and a ball spread test were conducted on 150 greens from 50 New Zealand golf courses. In 2015, a plot study was conducted to compare the methods in a more controlled environment. Ramps were used to roll balls for each method. For the HOT, the number of balls out of 10 rolled from a fixed location that entered a golf hole 2.4 m away were counted. The spread test measured dispersion of the resting positions of a group of balls rolled 2.4 m from a fixed location. The bobble test was a visual rating from 1 to 10 of the amount of bobbling and snaking of balls rolling 2.4 m. The studies had similar results. The bobble test was easiest to administer and detected the widest range of trueness. The HOT was not effective in measuring trueness differences in either study since most balls rolled from 2.4 m went into the hole despite the amount of surface disruption. The HOT did demonstrate that despite the appearance of the putting surface and how the ball visually rolls, balls can still be holed when hit on the proper line with the proper speed. The HOT also demonstrated that humans introduce much error when putting a ball. A survey indicated that golfers assessed trueness by the appearance of the surface and how many times the ball bounced as it rolled.
Fertilizer Granule Collection and Nutrient Removal from Putting Greens Following Mowing
Authors: Throssell Clark , Kruse Jason , Bigelow Cale , Murphy James A.
Published: October 2017

Golf course superintendents, scientists, and fertilizer manufacturers are concerned about the quantity of fertilizer granules collected from putting greens by mowing 1 d after fertilizer application. The objective of this research was to determine the quantity of greens‐grade fertilizer granules collected by mowing 1 d after fertilizer application to a putting green turf. A 4 × 2 × 3 factorial field study, with factors being fertilizer product (Country Club [CC] maximum dispersion [MD] 22–0–16, CC MD 18–0–18, CC MD 12–0–24, and Andersons dispersing granule [DG] 17–0–17), two nitrogen (N) application rates (2.4 and 4.9 g m−2) and three locations (Indiana, Florida, and New Jersey) arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications, was conducted in June 2013. The day after fertilizer treatments were applied, the turf surface was allowed to dry and clippings and fertilizer granules were collected in the basket of a reel mower. Clippings and fertilizer granules were oven‐dried and fertilizer granules were separated from clippings using a seed blower. In New Jersey, the maximum amount of N loss from a single treatment by fertilizer granule collection by mowing was 8% of the total fertilizer applied, with an average fertilizer loss of 3.8%. In Indiana and Florida, the maximum amounts of fertilizer loss by collection of fertilizer granules by mowing were 1.7 and 1.6%, respectively. It is doubtful that this loss of fertilizer would adversely affect putting green health and performance and would not likely affect the amount of money spent on fertilizer.
Perspective on the History of Turf Cultivation
Authors: Turgeon A. J. , Fidanza M. A.
Published: October 2017

Cultivation in managed turf systems, and in particular golf turf culture, refers to mechanical methods of selective tillage to modify physical and possibly other characteristics of turf. The earliest common cultivation practice was called “forking”, which used knives or a pitchfork. In the late 1940s and early 1950s, the first commercial production and distribution of cultivation equipment was the West Point Aerifer and the Verticutter. These early innovations not only were of value in helping turf managers manage soil compaction and thatch, they led the way to the development of a sophisticated array of equipment and practices that are employed today for improving and sustaining turf quality. Recently developed cultivation methods include water‐, sand‐, gravel‐, and air‐injection systems. Regardless of cultivation method or equipment, the goal is to achieve soil root‐zone and thatch modification with the least possible surface disruption.
Evaluation of Herbicides for Ground Ivy (Glechoma hederacea L.) Control at Two Application Timings
Authors: Patton Aaron J. , Beck Leslie L. , Weisenberger Daniel V. , Brosnan James T. , Breeden Gregory K.
Published: October 2017

Ground ivy (Glechoma hederacea L.) is a creeping perennial broadleaf species that is difficult to control in turf. The efficacy of spring herbicide applications has received limited investigation. Further, comparisons between commonly used and effective herbicide treatments are limited. Field experiments were conducted to determine the influence of herbicide selection and fall and spring application timings on the control of ground ivy across three separate environments located across Indiana and Tennessee. Herbicides containing 2,4‐D, fluroxypyr, triclopyr, iodosulfuron, thiencarbazone, and aminocyclopyrachlor or mixtures of these active ingredients had the greatest control of ground ivy (>53%) at both timings. With the exception of metsulfuron and fluroxypyr, most of the herbicides provided consistent ground ivy control when applied in either the fall or the spring. Differences in ground ivy control between herbicides were much greater than differences between spring and fall application timings. This research indicates that proper herbicide selection has a larger influence on ground ivy control than application timing.
Tall Fescue and Bermudagrass Cultivar Response to Water Stress at the Germination Growth Stage
Authors: Tucker M. A. , Baldwin C. M. , Philley H. W. , Wait S. B. , Blythe E. K.
Published: October 2017

Examining and developing screening techniques to identify drought‐resistant lines at the seedling stage is an important step for plant breeders. Therefore, the objectives of this research trial were to determine if the use of polyethylene glycol (PEG‐6000) is an effective tool to screen for water stress during seed germination and to determine potential cultivar differences within each species tested. Bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] cultivars selected included ‘Hollywood’, ‘Northshore’, ‘Riviera’, and ‘Transcontinental’. Tall fescue [Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort.] cultivars included ‘Jaguar 4G’, ‘Quest’, ‘Summer’, and ‘Sundial’ as well as four experimental cultivars. Water stress levels were developed using PEG‐6000. For bermudagrass, seed was subjected to 0 (control), −2.5, −5.0, −7.5, and −10.0 MPa, while tall fescue water‐stress treatments included 0 (control), −2.0, −4.0, −5.0, and −7.0 MPa. Bermudagrass and tall fescue relative final germination rate (FGR) and relative daily germination rate (DGR) decreased with increasing concentrations of PEG‐6000. Regression analysis indicated that Sundial (−6.51 MPa) and Summer (−6.09 MPa) tall fescue and Transcontinental (−4.74 MPa) and Hollywood (−4.62 MPa) bermudagrass had the highest PEG concentration to reduce relative FGR by 50%. Results suggest PEG‐6000 is an effective technique for screening turfgrass cultivars that require less water for seed germination. This study also identified cultivars that would have a competitive advantage during the establishment phase if water is a limiting factor.
Evaluation of Seashore Paspalum Germplasm for Resistance to Dollar Spot
Authors: Steketee Clinton J. , Martinez‐Espinoza Alfredo D. , Harris‐Shultz Karen R. , Henry Gerald M. , Raymer Paul L.
Published: October 2017

Development of seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum Swartz) cultivars that exhibit resistance to dollar spot disease (caused by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa F.T. Bennett) are needed. Seashore paspalum is a warm‐season turfgrass often utilized on golf courses and athletic fields in the southeastern United States and other warm temperate regions of the world. Dollar spot is a significant fungal disease that causes turf quality and playability issues on fine‐textured paspalum. Management of dollar spot on seashore paspalum currently relies primarily on fungicides, but resistance to fungicides has been documented, leading to a need for improved host plant resistance. Ninety P. vaginatum accessions assembled from the USDA germplasm collection, commercially available cultivars, and University of Georgia experimental lines were screened in the field after natural S. homoeocarpa infections and using an artificial inoculation procedure for their dollar spot resistance. These accessions were evaluated visually and using digital image analysis for percent disease development over time. The experiments were conducted in hopes of finding seashore paspalum germplasm with improved genetic resistance to dollar spot disease that could be used in a breeding program. In general, percent disease varied significantly among the accessions with no discrete classes, indicating that resistance to S. homoeocarpa in seashore paspalum is likely quantitative, with several genes influencing resistance or susceptibility. Several genotypes evaluated as part of this study show promise of improving host plant resistance if used in crosses with elite seashore paspalum germplasm.