bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Testicular haemodynamics, plasma testosterone and oestradiol concentrations, and serum nitric oxide levels in the Egyptian buffalo bull after a single administration of human chorionic gonadotropin
Authors: Abdelnaby Elshymaa A.
Published: March 2022

This current study aimed for the first time to evaluate the effect of a single intravenous administration of human chorionic gonadotropin hormone (hCG) on the testicular artery haemodynamics measurements (resistance [RI], and pulsatility indices [PI]), plasma steroids (estradiol‐17β and testosterone) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in buffalo bulls. Twelve Egyptian buffalo bulls weighted 450 ± 20 kg were randomly divided into the hCG group (n = 6) and injected a single dose with Ovogest (EPIFASI; 5,000 IU, iv), whereas the others (n = 6) were injected with normal saline and served as controls. Doppler evaluation and blood sampling were performed just before the administration (hour 0) and at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 24 and 28 hr after administration. Bulls in the control group did not show any alterations in hormonal levels and blood flow parameters (p > .05). In the hCG group, RI was declined (p < .05) in 6 hr post‐administration (0.31 ± 0.01 versus 0.45 ± 0.01), while PI was declined (p < .05) later in 10 hr (0.74 ± 0.01 versus 1.23 ± 0.02). Additionally, testicular blood flow was increased (p < .05) 8 hr (42.02 ± 1.02 ml/min/100 g versus 31.34 ± 0.88 ml/min/100 g) after administration. Testosterone and NO levels were (p < .05) increased at 4 and 6 hr post‐administration (3.55 ± 0.03 ng/ml versus 2.84 ± 0.01 ng/ml, and 55.32 ± 4.25 µmol/L versus 32.21 ± 1.55 µmol/L), whereas oestradiol levels were elevated (p < .05) in 6 hr (31.25 ± 0.08 pg/ml) only post‐administration then declined. In conclusion, the single intravenous administration of hCG triggered many alterations in the supratesticular artery vascularization and hormonal profile that could affect positively on steroidogenesis and testicular function in buffalo bull.
Analysis of Clustered Survey Data Based on Two-Stage Informative Sampling and Associated Two-Level Models
Authors: Kim Jae Kwang , Rao J.N.K. , Kwon Yonghyun
Published: March 2022

This paper deals with making inference on parameters of a two-level model matching the design hierarchy of a two-stage sample. In a pioneering paper, Scott and Smith (Journal of the American Statistical Association, 1969, 64, 830–840) proposed a Bayesian model based or prediction approach to estimating a finite population mean under two-stage cluster sampling. We provide a brief account of their pioneering work. We review two methods for the analysis of two-level models based on matching two-stage samples. Those methods are based on pseudo maximum likelihood and pseudo composite likelihood taking account of design weights. We then propose a new method for analysis of two-level models based on a normal approximation to the estimated cluster effects and taking account of design weights. This method does not require cluster sizes to be constants or unrelated to cluster effects. We evaluate the relative performance of the three methods in a simulation study. Finally, we apply the methods to real data obtained from 2011 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS).
Dynamic Strain Reconstruction of Rotating Blades Based on Tip Timing and Response Transmissibility
Authors: Ao Chunyan , Qiao Baijie , Liu Meiru , Fu Shunguo , Yang Zhibo , Chen Xuefeng
Published: March 2022

Dynamic strain of rotating blades is critical in turbomachinery health monitoring and residual life evaluation. Though the blade tip timing (BTT) technique is promising to replace traditional strain gages, the lack of effective strain transformation through BTT hinders the implementation. In this paper, a noncontact dynamic strain reconstruction method of rotating blades is proposed based on the BTT technique and response transmissibility. First, the displacement-to-strain transmissibility (DST) considering rotational speed is derived from the frequency response functions based on blade mode shapes. A quadratic polynomial function of DST with respect to the rotational speed is provided to calibrate DST in blade rotational state. Second, the blade-tip displacement in resonance is obtained by BTT measurement and the Circumferential Fourier Fit processing method. Third, the dynamic strains of critical points on blades are calculated using the DST in conjunction with the tip displacement amplitude. In this paper, to validate the proposed method, acceleration and deceleration experiments, including both BTT and strain gages, are conducted on a spinning rotor rig. Experimental results demonstrate that the reconstructed dynamic strains of different positions on the rotating blades correspond well to the results measured by strain gages. The mean relative error between the reconstructed and measured results is generally within 8%.
Unsettling the Myth of Canadian Nationhood: Hockey and Embodied Indigenous Sovereignties
Authors: Norman Moss E. , Petherick LeAnne , Albert Edward (Sonny)
Published: March 2022

We situate the race-based division of Manitoba’s Keystone Junior Hockey League as a case study to reveal the ongoing processes of settler colonialism. We argue that this split is an example of “White settler possessive logics,” whereby settler belonging is naturalized through reiterative embodied acts of occupation. That this split happened in hockey, which is colloquially referred to as “Canada’s game,” is perhaps unsurprising given that hockey is a significant cultural site where Canadian nationhood is produced. However, we also contend that settler entitlement and belonging are never fully secure, but rather always in the process of (un)becoming. Settler belonging is thus threatened by Indigenous embodied sovereignties, which we argue can be found in the game of hockey generally, and in the Keystone Junior Hockey League specifically.
Neuronal C/EBPβ/AEP pathway shortens life span via selective GABAnergic neuronal degeneration by FOXO repression
Authors: Xia Yiyuan , Qadota Hiroshi , Wang Zhi-Hao , Liu Pai , Liu Xia , Ye Karen X. , Matheny Courtney J. , Berglund Ken , Yu Shan Ping , Drake Derek , Bennett David A. , Wang Xiao-Chuan , Yankner Bruce A. , Benian Guy M. , Ye Keqiang
Published: March 2022

The age-related cognitive decline of normal aging is exacerbated in neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, it remains unclear whether age-related cognitive regulators in AD pathologies contribute to life span. Here, we show that C/EBPβ, an Aβ and inflammatory cytokine–activated transcription factor that promotes AD pathologies via activating asparagine endopeptidase (AEP), mediates longevity in a gene dose–dependent manner in neuronal C/EBPβ transgenic mice. C/EBPβ selectively triggers inhibitory GABAnergic neuronal degeneration by repressing FOXOs and up-regulating AEP, leading to aberrant neural excitation and cognitive dysfunction. Overexpression of CEBP-2 or LGMN-1 (AEP) in
Caenorhabditis elegans
neurons but not muscle stimulates neural excitation and shortens life span. CEBP-2 or LGMN-1 reduces
daf-2
mutant–elongated life span and diminishes
daf-16
–induced longevity. C/EBPβ and AEP are lower in humans with extended longevity and inversely correlated with REST/FOXO1. These findings demonstrate a conserved mechanism of aging that couples pathological cognitive decline to life span by the neuronal C/EBPβ/AEP pathway.
eIF4A2 targets developmental potency and histone H3.3 transcripts for translational control of stem cell pluripotency
Authors: Li Dan , Yang Jihong , Huang Xin , Zhou Hongwei , Wang Jianlong
Published: March 2022

Translational control has emerged as a fundamental regulatory layer of proteome complexity that governs cellular identity and functions. As initiation is the rate-limiting step of translation, we carried out an RNA interference screen for key translation initiation factors required to maintain embryonic stem cell (ESC) identity. We identified eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A2 (eIF4A2) and defined its mechanistic action through ribosomal protein S26–independent and –dependent ribosomes in translation initiation activation of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) encoding pluripotency factors and the histone variant H3.3 with demonstrated roles in maintaining stem cell pluripotency. eIF4A2 also mediates translation initiation activation of Ddx6, which acts together with eIF4A2 to restrict the totipotent two-cell transcription program in ESCs through Zscan4 mRNA degradation and translation repression. Accordingly, knockdown of eIF4A2 disrupts ESC proteome, causing the loss of ESC identity. Collectively, we establish a translational paradigm of the protein synthesis of pluripotency transcription factors and epigenetic regulators imposed on their established roles in controlling pluripotency.
Inflammatory blockade prevents injury to the developing pulmonary gas exchange surface in preterm primates
Authors: Toth Andrea , Steinmeyer Shelby , Kannan Paranthaman , Gray Jerilyn , Jackson Courtney M. , Mukherjee Shibabrata , Demmert Martin , Sheak Joshua R. , Benson Daniel , Kitzmiller Joseph , Wayman Joseph A. , Presicce Pietro , Cates Christopher , Rubin Rhea , Chetal Kashish , Du Yina , Miao Yifei , Gu Mingxia , Guo Minzhe , Kalinichenko Vladimir V. , Kallapur Suhas G. , Miraldi Emily R. , Xu Yan , Swarr Daniel , Lewkowich Ian , Salomonis Nathan , Miller Lisa , Sucre Jennifer S. , Whitsett Jeffrey A. , Chougnet Claire A. , Jobe Alan H. , Deshmukh Hitesh , Zacharias William J.
Published: March 2022

Perinatal inflammatory stress is associated with early life morbidity and lifelong consequences for pulmonary health. Chorioamnionitis, an inflammatory condition affecting the placenta and fluid surrounding the developing fetus, affects 25 to 40% of preterm births. Severe chorioamnionitis with preterm birth is associated with significantly increased risk of pulmonary disease and secondary infections in childhood, suggesting that fetal inflammation may markedly alter the development of the lung. Here, we used intra-amniotic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge to induce experimental chorioamnionitis in a prenatal rhesus macaque (
Macaca mulatta
) model that mirrors structural and temporal aspects of human lung development. Inflammatory injury directly disrupted the developing gas exchange surface of the primate lung, with extensive damage to alveolar structure, particularly the close association and coordinated differentiation of alveolar type 1 pneumocytes and specialized alveolar capillary endothelium. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis defined a multicellular alveolar signaling niche driving alveologenesis that was extensively disrupted by perinatal inflammation, leading to a loss of gas exchange surface and alveolar simplification, with notable resemblance to chronic lung disease in newborns. Blockade of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor–α ameliorated LPS-induced inflammatory lung injury by blunting stromal responses to inflammation and modulating innate immune activation in myeloid cells, restoring structural integrity and key signaling networks in the developing alveolus. These data provide new insight into the pathophysiology of developmental lung injury and suggest that modulating inflammation is a promising therapeutic approach to prevent fetal consequences of chorioamnionitis.
Postmortem Skeletal Microbial Community Composition and Function in Buried Human Remains
Authors: Emmons Alexandra L. , Mundorff Amy Z. , Hoeland Katharina M. , Davoren Jonathan , Keenan Sarah W. , Carter David O. , Campagna Shawn R. , DeBruyn Jennifer M.
Published: March 2022

Understanding the microbes that colonize and degrade bone has important implications for preservation of skeletal elements and identification of unknown human remains. Current research on the postmortem bone microbiome is limited and largely focuses on archaeological or marine contexts.
Endosymbionts Reduce Microbiome Diversity and Modify Host Metabolism and Fecundity in the Planthopper
Sogatella furcifera
Authors: Li Tong-Pu , Zhou Chun-Ying , Wang Meng-Ke , Zha Si-Si , Chen Jie , Bing Xiao-Li , Hoffmann Ary A. , Hong Xiao-Yue
Published: March 2022

Endosymbionts can profoundly affect the nutrition, immunity, development, and reproduction of insect hosts, but the effects of multiple endosymbiont infections on microbiota and the interaction of these effects with insect host fitness are not well known. By establishing
S. furcifera
lines with different endosymbiont infection status, we found that
Cardinium
and the combined
Cardinium
+
Wolbachia
infections differentially reduced bacterial diversity as well as changing bacterial community structure and affecting metabolism, which may connect to negative fitness effects of the endosymbionts on their host.
Microbial Identification Using rRNA Operon Region: Database and Tool for Metataxonomics with Long-Read Sequence
Authors: Seol Donghyeok , Lim Jin Soo , Sung Samsun , Lee Young Ho , Jeong Misun , Cho Seoae , Kwak Woori , Kim Heebal
Published: March 2022

Metabarcoding is a powerful tool to investigate community diversity in an economic and efficient way by amplifying a specific gene marker region. With the advancement of long-read sequencing technologies, the field of metabarcoding has entered a new phase.
Synchronous contralateral axillary lymph node metastasis in a recurrent breast cancer following previous axillary clearance
Authors: Goh Ian Y , Dauway Emilia L
Published: March 2022

Ipsilateral axillary lymph node metastasis is common, while contralateral axillary lymph node metastasis (CAM) is uncommon. This report is of a patient that presented with a recurrence of left breast cancer and synchronous CAM, with a distant history of left breast conserving surgery and axillary dissection for invasive carcinoma. The CAM was confirmed following a non-routine lymphoscintigraphy and sentinel lymph node biopsy. This highlights the possibility of CAM representing as locoregional disease rather than advanced stage IV disease.
Amelanotic melanoma of the palate: report of a case
Authors: Panda Swagatika , Misra Satya Ranjan , Champatyray Sreepreeti , Mohanty Neeta
Published: March 2022

Primary amelanotic melanoma is an infrequent occurrence in the oral cavity. Owing to the high rate of local invasion and distant metastasis, oral amelanotic melanoma (OAM) carries a very poor prognosis. The absence of pathognomonic clinical and routine histological features in OAM is the reason for diagnosticdelay, which further worsens the prognosis. This case report discusses the masquerading nature of OAM that was clinically and histologically mimicking several malignant neoplasms. This case also demonstrates the poor prognosis of OAM. The objective of presenting this case is that the diagnostic delay of OAM can be avoided through enhanced clinical awareness and subsequent appropriate immunohistochemical investigations, in addition to the routine H&E-stained histopathological evaluation.
The transition fromabortiontomiscarriageto describe early pregnancy loss in British medical journals: a prescribed or natural lexical change?
Authors: Malory Beth
Published: March 2022

In British medical research, the transition fromabortiontomiscarriage, to describe early pregnancy loss, occurred in the late twentieth century. A 1985 letter toThe Lancetby a group of eminent obstetricians was long considered unilaterally to have prompted this shift. More recently, however, this conclusion was challenged, and it was suggested instead that the transition constituted natural language change, as medical professionals responded to their changing social and professional milieu. This paper, however, uses a pioneering statistical modelling technique to demonstrate decisively that the 1985Lancetletter was indeed pivotal in promotingmiscarriageas an acceptable variant for use in medical journals. The abrupt nature of the vocabulary shift in question is made clear through the pioneering application of the statistical modelling technique change point analysis. This methodological innovation demonstrates clearly the decisive impact of the 1985 letter, while also showcasing the remarkable suitability of change point analysis to the study of such sudden linguistic changes. With an increasing emphasis on patient-centred models of care, it is likely that further prescriptive interventions relating to medical language will be made in coming years. Indeed, beyond the medical profession, there are already increasing calls for further reform to the language of pregnancy loss. To understand how such language reforms might successfully be enacted, and to ensure that linguistic prescriptivism is employed only where change is appropriate, proportionate, and evidence-based, it is necessary to understand fully this historical precedent. Against the backdrop of recent ‘lay’ demands for reforms, this paper affirms the decisive impact of the 1985 intervention, and considers the ramifications of this finding for the study of linguistic prescriptivism and future medical language reform.
External validation of the GRACE risk score and the risk–treatment paradox in patients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: van der Sangen Niels M R , Azzahhafi Jaouad , Chan Pin Yin Dean R P P , Peper Joyce , Rayhi Senna , Walhout Ronald J , Tjon Joe Gin Melvyn , Nicastia Deborah M , Langerveld Jorina , Vlachojannis Georgios J , van Bommel Rutger J , Appelman Yolande , Henriques José P S , ten Berg Jurriën M , Kikkert Wouter J
Published: March 2022

Objectives

To validate the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) risk score and examine the extent and impact of the risk–treatment paradox in contemporary patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Methods

Data from 5015 patients with ACS enrolled in the FORCE-ACS registry between January 2015 and December 2019 were used for model validation. The performance of the GRACE risk score for predicting in-hospital and 1-year mortality was evaluated based on indices of model discrimination and calibration. Differences in the delivery of guideline-recommended care among patients who survived hospitalisation (n=4911) per GRACE risk stratum were assessed and the association with postdischarge mortality was examined.

Results

Discriminative power of the GRACE risk score was good for predicting in-hospital (c-statistic: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.83 to 0.90) and 1-year mortality (c-statistic: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.79 to 0.84). However, the GRACE risk score overestimated the absolute in-hospital and 1-year mortality risk (Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test p<0.01). Intermediate-risk and high-risk patients were 12% and 29% less likely to receive optimal guideline-recommended care compared with low-risk patients, respectively. Optimal guideline-recommended care was associated with lower mortality in intermediate- and high-risk patients.

Conclusions

The GRACE risk score identified patients at higher risk for in-hospital and 1-year mortality, but overestimated absolute risk levels in contemporary patients. Optimal guideline-recommended care was associated with lower mortality in intermediate-risk and high-risk patients, but was less likely to be delivered with increasing mortality risk.
A privileged dual action Alzheimer's disease therapeutic platform targeting immunopathic and proteopathic mechanisms: (E)-3-styrylindoles as inhibitors of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-mediated tryptophan metabolism and β-amyloid aggregation
Authors: Kelly Brendan J. , Diez-Cecilia Elena , Pan Luzhe , Sweeting Braden , Villar Laura , Kreft Alexander , Gupta Mayuri , Johnson Shea L. , Weaver Donald F.
Published: March 2022

The design of potent indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) enzyme inhibitors targeting immunopathic neuroinflammation has emerged as an area of interest for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD); additionally, recent findings on the clinical benefits of antibodies preventing β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation have renewed efforts to discover small molecule anti-aggregants targeting proteopathic protein misfolding. Exploiting an endogenous tryptophan-like scaffold, we describe the design and synthesis of small-molecule inhibitors of both immunopathic and proteopathic processes, thus presenting the possibility of single therapeutics acting simultaneously on multiple AD pathogeneses. Specifically, investigations on compounds that inhibit both IDO1 (in human recombinant enzyme, transfected HEK293 cells, and interferon-γ stimulated human microglia assays) and Aβ aggregation (in thioflavin-T and biotinylated-Aβ oligomeric assays) are presented. Five compounds have been identified with high potency against both targets, identifying ( E)-3-styryl indoles as useful tool compounds for developing Alzheimer's therapeutics. Brain penetration of these compounds via passive diffusion or active transport was predicted using Blood-Brain Barrier Score and Brain Exposure Efficiency Score calculations, respectively; the effects of efflux (pgp, BCRP), and influx (OCT1, OCT2) transporters were similarly predicted. Structure–activity relationships were rationalised with molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations, which also provide insights for future lead compound optimisation.
Neutrino interactions with ultralight axion-like dark matter
Authors: Reynoso Matías M. , Sampayo Oscar A. , Carulli Agustín M.
Published: March 2022

In this work, we study the propagation of high energy neutrinos produced in extragalactic sources including the effect of a possible interaction with ultralight axion-like particles (UALP) with a mass$$m_a\sim 10^{-22} \,\mathrm{eV}$$ma∼10-22eVas the constituents of dark matter (DM) under the assumption that their coupling to neutrinos is dominant. We compute the cross section and describe the propagation of a diffuse neutrino flux using transport equations for each mass eigenstate. This allows us to obtain the neutrino fluxes of the different flavors to be observed at the Earth with neutrino telescopes under different assumptions for the flavor composition emitted at the sources and for a normal ordering (NO) or an inverted ordering (IO) of the neutrino masses. If the coupling of neutrinos with UALPs is the same for all flavors ($$g_{\nu a}$$gνa), we find that interactions change the flavor composition of neutrinos arriving on Earth for$$g_{\nu a} > rsim 0.5\,\,\mathrm{GeV}^{-1}$$gνa≳0.5GeV-1, causing the electron(muon) flavor to dominate in the NO(IO) case for neutrino energies above$$\sim 10^5\,\,\mathrm{GeV}$$∼105GeV. Although current data on the flavor ratios suggest that interactions with UALP DM do not take place within the range of coupling studied (particularly in the NO case) more data is needed to improve the precision of the experimentally measured flavor composition.
Research and Implementation of Automatic Indexing Method of PDF for Digital Publishing
Authors: Chen Keliang , Huang Jianming , Zhang Qi , Cui Yansong
Published: March 2022

With the rapid development of mobile Internet technology and artificial intelligence technology, the digital publishing industry is in urgent need of using intelligent technology to change the current way of content production and service. Most of the e-book resources owned by publishing enterprises are in PDF format, which is not suitable for reading on mobile devices, and it is not convenient to directly extract key information and construct knowledge graph. With this in mind, this article designs a PDF automatic indexing scheme that can identify all the element information in PDF and output structured data automatically and then extract all the key information in it to generate a keyword library with tag weights. The scheme mainly involves two key technical points: parsing PDF based on text features and grammar rules and extracting keywords based on tag weights. The former visualizes the text block in PDF into a rectangular area, divides the elements by clustering algorithm, and, finally, outputs structured data containing all the information. The latter combines the tags and their weights in the structured data and extracts the keywords in it by the inter-word relation algorithm. The structured data and keywords database produced by this scheme can be used to produce intelligent e-book and build knowledge graph, thus helping publishing enterprises to transform from a content service provider to an intelligent knowledge service provider. This transformation can deeply excavate the core value of the content held by the publishing industry and promote the digitization and intelligentization process of the whole industry.
Fast and Accurate Proper Orthogonal Decomposition using Efficient Sampling and Iterative Techniques for Singular Value Decomposition
Authors: Charumathi V. , Ramakrishna M. , Vasudevan Vinita
Published: March 2022

In this article, we propose a computationally efficient iterative algorithm for proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) using random sampling based techniques. In this algorithm, additional rows and columns are sampled and a merging technique is used to update the dominant POD modes in each iteration. We derive bounds for the spectral norm of the error introduced by a series of merging operations. We use an existing theorem to get an approximate measure of the quality of subspaces obtained on convergence of the iteration. Results on various datasets indicate that the POD modes and/or the subspaces are approximated with excellent accuracy with a significant runtime improvement over computing the truncated SVD. We also propose a method to compute the POD modes of large matrices that do not fit in the RAM using this iterative sampling and merging algorithms.
Hogel-Free Holography
Authors: Chakravarthula Praneeth , Tseng Ethan , Fuchs Henry , Heide Felix
Published: March 2022

Holography is a promising avenue for high-quality displays without requiring bulky, complex optical systems. While recent work has demonstrated accurate hologram generation of 2D scenes, high-quality holographic projections of 3D scenes has been out of reach until now. Existing multiplane 3D holography approaches fail to model wavefronts in the presence of partial occlusion while holographic stereogram methods have to make a fundamental tradeoff between spatial and angular resolution. In addition, existing 3D holographic display methods rely on heuristic encoding of complex amplitude into phase-only pixels which results in holograms with severe artifacts. Fundamental limitations of the input representation, wavefront modeling, and optimization methods prohibit artifact-free 3D holographic projections in today’s displays.

To lift these limitations, we introduce hogel-free holography which optimizes for true 3D holograms, supporting both depth- and view-dependent effects for the first time. Our approach overcomes the fundamental spatio-angular resolution tradeoff typical to stereogram approaches. Moreover, it avoids heuristic encoding schemes to achieve high image fidelity over a 3D volume. We validate that the proposed method achieves 10 dB PSNR improvement on simulated holographic reconstructions. We also validate our approach on an experimental prototype with accurate parallax and depth focus effects.
A Review of Bayesian Networks for Spatial Data
Authors: Krapu Christopher , Stewart Robert , Rose Amy
Published: March 2022

Bayesian networks are a popular class of multivariate probabilistic models as they allow for the translation of prior beliefs about conditional dependencies between variables to be easily encoded into their model structure. Due to their widespread usage, they are often applied to spatial data for inferring properties of the systems under study and also generating predictions for how these systems may behave in the future. We review published research on methodologies for representing spatial data with Bayesian networks and also summarize the application areas for which Bayesian networks are employed in the modeling of spatial data. We find that a wide variety of perspectives are taken, including a GIS-centric focus on efficiently generating geospatial predictions, a statistical focus on rigorously constructing graphical models controlling for spatial correlation, as well as a range of problem-specific heuristics for mitigating the effects of spatial correlation and dependency arising in spatial data analysis. Special attention is also paid to potential future directions for the integration of Bayesian networks with spatial processes.
zTT
Authors: Kim Seyeon , Bin Kyungmin , Ha Sangtae , Lee Kyunghan , Chong Song
Published: March 2022

With the advent of mobile processors integrating CPU and GPU, high-performance tasks, such as deep learning, gaming, and image processing are running on mobile devices. To fully exploit CPU and GPU's capability on mobile devices, we need to utilize their processing capability as much as possible. However, it is challenging due to the nature of mobile devices whose users are sensitive to battery consumption and device temperature. Many researchers have studied techniques enabling energy-efficient operations in mobile processors, mostly at managing the temperature and power consumption below predefined thresholds.

DVFS (Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling) is a technique that reduces heat generation and power consumption from the circuit by adjusting CPU or GPU voltage-frequency levels at runtime. To best utilize its benefits, many DVFS techniques have been developed for mobile processors. Still, it is challenging to implement a DVFS that performs ideally for mobile devices, and there are several reasons behind this difficulty.
Formation of Bright White Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Films with a Uniform Maze-Like Structure by Anodizing Aluminum in Ammonium Tetraborate Solutions
Authors: Kikuchi Tatsuya , Sato Miu , Iwai Mana , Nakajima Daiki , Nunomura Junji , Oya Yoshiyuki , Natsui Shungo
Published: March 2022

Bright white plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) films with uniform maze-like structures were obtained by anodizing Al in an ammonium tetraborate solution. High-purity Al plates were galvanostatically anodized in 0.3–2.4 M ammonium tetraborate solutions at 303–343 K and 10–100 Am−2. A PEO film consisting of an outer porous layer consisting of amorphous alumina and crystalline alumina with α-and γ-phases and an inner amorphous barrier alumina layer was obtained on the Al surface. An extremely uneven PEO film with various pore sizes and many cracks was formed in a 0.3 M ammonium tetraborate solution, whereas a relatively uniform porous PEO film with similar pore sizes was obtained in 0.9–2.4 M solutions. This difference in the PEO film morphology was due to the plasma generation behavior while anodizing. The lightness of the PEO film increased with increasing anodizing time and PEO film thickness; thus, a bright white PEO film measuring 87.5 in lightness (L*) was formed on the Al surface. The water wettability of the PEO film exhibited weak hydrophilicity. Moreover, a superhydrophobic PEO film with a contact angle of 154° was easily fabricated by self-assembled monolayer modification. Similar bright white PEO coatings were successfully fabricated on various industrial alloys.
Effect of Electroplating Current Density on Tensile Properties of Nanotwinned Copper Foils
Authors: Fang Chuan-Yu , Tran Dinh-Phuc , Liu Hung-Che , Ong Jia-Juen , Lin Yi-Quan , Hsu Wei-You , Chen Chih
Published: March 2022

In this study, nanotwinned copper (nt-Cu) foils were fabricated using a rotary electroplating system. Their microstructures (orientation, grain size, and twin spacing) and correlated tensile properties were substantially tuned by manipulating the electroplating current density. The nt-Cu foils were further heat-treated at 150 °C for 1 h and tensile-tested to characterize their thermal stability. We found that the mechanical properties of the nt-Cu foils are directly associated with the electroplating current density. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) increases with increasing in the current density, reaching the maximum values at 25 ASD. The great enhancement can be attributed to the decrease in twin spacing and grain size. We also discovered that the UTS and ductility remain approximately intact under a high temperature, indicating the excellent thermal stability of such nt-Cu foils.
Influence of Gestational Hypertension on Cardiovascular Health Behaviors and Factors
Authors: Zhao Haiyan , Wu Yuntao , Sun Junyan , Zu Changhao , Ruan Chunyu , Cui Kai , He Honghong , Wu Shouling , Peng Xiaojing
Published: March 2022

Objective. A survey was conducted to analyze the epidemiological differences in ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) behaviors and factors after delivery in females with and without gestational hypertension (GH) and evaluate the influence of GH on cardiovascular health behaviors and factors. Methods. The present study adopted a cross-sectional design. A total of 4620 female workers who gave birth between 1976 and 2012 and received the annual health examination (2012 to 2013) at hospitals belonging to the Kailuan Medical Group were recruited. These subjects were divided into the GH group and non-GH (NGH) group, depending on whether they were combined with GH or not at delivery. The epidemiological differences in CVH behaviors and factors were compared between the two groups. Result. In both groups, the percentage of subjects achieving ideal smoking status was the highest, while the percentage of subjects achieving an ideal level of physical activity was the lowest among all behaviors and factors. Compared with the NGH group, the percentages of subjects achieving each of the seven ideal CVH metrics decreased in the GH group. The percentages of subjects achieving ideal body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, blood glucose level, and cholesterol level were significantly lower in the GH group than in the NGH group (

P
<
0.05

). The percentage of subjects with an ideal level of physical activity was higher in the NGH group than in the GH group. After stratification by age, the percentages of patients achieving ideal BMI, blood pressure, and blood glucose decreased with age regardless of the history of GH (

P
<
0.05

). In the younger age group, the percentage of subjects with GH achieving ideal body mass index was significantly lower than that of those without GH. Conclusion. Compared with females without GH, those with GH had higher BMI, blood pressure, blood glucose level, and cholesterol level among the seven CVH metrics surveyed.
A Composite Method of Marine Shafting’s Fault Diagnosis by Ship Hull Vibrations Based on EEMD
Authors: Wen Xiaofei , Meng Wenjie , Sun Xiaoxiao , Zhou Ruiping
Published: March 2022

The fault diagnosis is always a key issue in the security field of marine propulsion system. There are obvious problems like the unsteady working of sensors, distortion of original data, and ambivalent feature information from marine shafting’s vibration or motion. It is therefore critical to develop a more effective method to identify the fault information so that the safety of marine propulsion system can be pre-estimated. Hence, a composite method which is based on the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) and coupled with the autocorrelation method (AM), the fast Fourier transform (FFT), is mixed and applied to identify the fault information of marine shafting during its operating by hull vibration. The contrastive analysis of the three methods and fault feature study are then conducted to assess the effectiveness of the proposed method thoroughly and validated by the author previously. The research indicates that the composite method is available to fault diagnosis of marine shafting by hull vibration which coupled the shafting vibration with fault feature.
Research on Shanghai Stock Exchange 50 Index Forecast Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Ding Yiling , Sun Ning , Xu Jiahao , Li Pengyan , Wu Jiaxin , Tang Sai
Published: March 2022

After decades of advance development, China's stock market has gradually arisen into one of the world's most important capital markets. The stock price index can well reflect the health status and macro change trend of a country's economic development, which can be said to be a barometer of the country's economic development. Studying the stock price index forecast is of great significance to the entire national economy and to each investor. Using 2 tools, Python and EViews8.0, and taking the Shanghai Stock Exchange 50 index as an example, the long short-term memory (LSTM) model in deep learning (DL) and the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model are selected for fitting and prediction. The research results explain that the Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of LSTM model is lower, and the model based on DL method has stronger prediction ability on stock price index than traditional stock prediction model. This model is an effective stock prediction method.
Metabolomics Deciphering the Potential Biomarkers of Hengqing I Prescription against Vascular Dementia
Authors: Meng Shengxi , Li Shaopeng , Chen Huize , Deng Chujun , Meng Zeyu , Wang Yimo
Published: March 2022

With the aging of population, vascular dementia (VaD) seriously threatens people’s health and quality of life. It is of great significance to explore biomarkers of VaD from the perspective of metabolomics and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Therefore, VaD was divided into kidney deficiency and blood stasis syndrome (KDBS) and non-KDBS according to TCM. Then, some patients received the treatment of Hengqing I (HQI) prescription. The urine of six groups (VaD group, normal group, KDBS group, non-KDBS group, HQI group, and control group) was detected on LC-MS/MS. Multivariate statistical analysis showed that the metabolic profiles of the three comparisons were significantly different. The top analysis-ready molecules of downregulated histamine and upregulated biotin, methionine, pantothenic acid, SAH, histidine, and kaempferol may be the most related metabolites. These putative biomarkers play an important role in the regulation of key metabolic processes linked to VaD. Additionally, pathway analysis showed aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, and amino acids metabolic pathways were highly correlated with the occurrence of VaD. In this present paper, vitamins, amino acids, and their derivatives were selected as the basis for VaD diagnosis and treatment monitoring, and the significance of TCM classification and Hengqing I prescription in the treatment of VaD was discussed.
ASD: ARP Spoofing Detector Using OpenWrt
Authors: Jeong Yeonseon , Kim Hyunghoon , Jo Hyo Jin
Published: March 2022

The address resolution protocol (ARP) is one of the most important communication protocols in a local area network (LAN). However, since there is no authentication procedure, the ARP is vulnerable to cyberattack such as ARP spoofing. Since ARP spoofing can be connected to critical attacks, including a man-in-the-middle (MITM) attack, detecting ARP spoofing initially without returning false-positive alarms is important. In general, however, existing works for ARP spoofing are unable to distinguish between ARP spoofing and connections from virtual machine (VM) guests, which results in false-positive alarms. In this article, we propose an access point-based ARP Spoofing Detector (ASD) that can detect ARP spoofing attacks without returning a false-positive rate. Our proposed system distinguishes between ARP spoofing and connections from VM guests using three information tables, AssocList, ARP cache table, and DHCP table, which are commonly managed by the access point based on a Linux system. We evaluated the performance of ASD on ARP spoofing attack experiments.
Synergistic Effect of Dietary Inactivated Lactobacillus plantarum and Berberine Supplementation on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, and Immune Function of Juvenile Black Sea Bream (Acanthopagrus schlegelii)
Authors: Sagada Gladstone , Wang Lei , Xu Bingying , Tegomo Fabrice Arnaud , Chen Kai , Zheng Lu , Sun Yuxiao , Liu Yuechong , Yang Yifei , Ullah Sami , Shao Qingjun
Published: March 2022

The interactive effect of dietary inactivated Lactobacillus plantarum and berberine on black sea bream, Acanthopagrus schlegelii, was investigated with three diets designated as D1 (Con: basal diet), D2 (LP: basal diet + 400 mg/kg L. plantarum), and D3 (LPBB: basal diet + 400 mg/kg L. plantarum + 50 mg/kg berberine) and fed to juvenile black sea bream (

5.67
±
0.05

 g) for 56 days. The growth performance and feed utilization parameters, as well as intestinal trypsin activity, were significantly improved in the LP and LPBB groups (

P
<
0.05

). Fish fed the LPBB diet showed better serum and hepatic antioxidant capacity, whilst the LP group had better hepatic antioxidant capacity, than the control fish (

P
<
0.05

). Intestinal IgM and C3 levels significantly increased in the LPBB fish than the rest of the groups (

P
<
0.05

). NF-κB was significantly upregulated in the LP group (

P
<
0.05

). Nrf2 and IL-10 were significantly upregulated, whilst Keap1b and NF-κB were significantly downregulated in the LPBB group (

P
<
0.05

). These findings show that a combination of inactivated L. plantarum and berberine in the diet of black sea bream can improve the immune response and antioxidant capacity than a diet with only the inactivated probiotic, whilst both diets can equally improve growth performance.
Thioridazine Enhances Cisplatin-Induced DNA Damage in Cisplatin-Resistant Human Lung Cancer Cells
Authors: Luo Yuanyuan , Yu Tinghe , Li Xinya , Qian Guanhua
Published: March 2022

Thioridazine was used to sensitize cisplatin against cisplatin-resistant human lung cancer cells. Cells received thioridazine, cisplatin, or both drugs (the combination). Thioridazine synergized cisplatin to increase percentages of dead and apoptotic cells. DNA damage was detected using the comet assays; the combination led to the highest alkaline- and neutral-comet percentages, demonstrating exacerbation of both single- and double-strand breaks. After thioridazine treatment, levels of glutathione, and BRCA2, RAD51, and ERCC1 proteins were decreased. These data manifested that thioridazine decreased the capacities of detoxification and DNA repair, thereby enhancing cisplatin-induced DNA damage in resistant cells.
Big Data Mining Method of E-Commerce Consumption Pattern Based on Mobile Platform
Authors: Li Fei , Li Yun
Published: March 2022

With the emergence of e-commerce, not only can people more abundantly obtain a variety of products and services and faster, but also e-commerce can also greatly improve people's quality of life. This study aims to study how to analyze the big data mining method based on the e-commerce consumption pattern of the mobile platform. In fact, it is to study the role of big data mining methods in e-commerce consumption patterns. This study proposes why we should study big data mining methods and introduces the conceptual knowledge around e-commerce and data mining. We can see that e-commerce is not only convenient but also low in cost. Ten consumers scored 65–78 points for the competitiveness of e-commerce, and 73–84 points for low cost, with the highest score for convenience. It can be seen that the biggest advantage of e-commerce is convenience. It can be seen that the percentage of Taobao in 2015 was 45.6%, and the percentage in 2018 was 79.5%, so it can be seen that e-commerce is rapidly developing. From the results of the experimental analysis, it can be seen that e-commerce is loved by the public, so it is the most important to make the healthy and sustainable development of e-commerce, and data mining can mine a large amount of data, thereby promoting the development of e-commerce.
In Vitro Activity of Vernonia cumingiana Benth.
Authors: Wang Kaiming , Wang Yingying
Published: March 2022

To investigate the antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity of Vernonia cumingiana Benth, in this study, spectrophotometry assays were used to determine the antioxidant and antibacterial activity indexes in vitro, including 1,1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging capacity and total antioxidant capacity, aiming to understand its pharmacodynamic components. The results showed that different component extracts had high DPPH scavenging ability in vitro, and the highest scavenging rate was obtained when chloroform extract of branches was 0.60 mg·mL−1, ethylene acetate 0.10 mg·mL−1, and 0petroleum ether extraction 0.90 mg·mL−1; maximum clearance of DPPH•, •OH, and O2-• was 104.71%, 99.04%, 93.05%, and 0.90 mg mL−1; 95% ethanol extract had inhibitory effect on E. coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus epidermidis indicating that it had good anti-inflammatory activity.
Left Atrial Appendage Depth and Tachycardia Bradycardia Syndrome as Important Predictors of Left Atrial Appendage Thrombus in Patients with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: He Yinge , Chen Panpan , Zhu Ziqiang , Sun Junhua , Zhao Yujie
Published: March 2022

Background. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common heart rhythm disorder that has been shown to be associated with a significant increase in stroke and systemic embolism risk. The left atrial appendage (LAA) is a finger-like extension originating from the left atrium; the formation of thrombus in LAA is the main reason of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This study is aimed at finding out the risk of left atrial appendage thrombus (LAAT) in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Method. We retrospectively examined the clinic and left atrial computer tomography angiography (CTA) features of patients assessed in Zhengzhou No. 7 People’s Hospital between January 2020 and January 2021 derivation. Student’s

t

-test, chi-square test, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves, and logistic regression analysis were used to identify predictors of LAAT. Result. Of 480 patients included in the analysis, LAAT was found in approximately 9.2% of all patients. Univariate demographic predictors of LAAT included left atrium top and bottom diameter (LTD), left atrial appendage depth (LAAD), CHA2DS2-VASc, tachycardia bradycardia syndrome (TBS), and nonparoxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). In a multiple logistic regression analysis, the independent predictors of thrombus were

LAAD
>
23.45

 mm (odds ratio: 4.216, 95% CI: 1.869-9.510,

P
=
0.001

), TBS (odds ratio: 4.076, 95% CI: 1.655-10.038,

P
=
0.002

), and non-PAF (odds ratio: 2.896, 95% CI: 1.183-7.094,

P
=
0.02

). Conclusion. In NVAF patients with LAAT, evidence suggested that larger LAAD, non-PAF, and TBS present a high risk of LAAT. This is the first report demonstrating that the LAAD and TBS are associated with LAAT in patients with NVAF.