bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Des routes pour contrôler ? Aménagement des territoires de montagne et reconfiguration des mobilités au XIXe siècle
Authors: Mouret Emma-Sophie
Published: November 2021

L’aménagement routier des territoires de montagne peut être pensé comme un outil de contrôle social sur les sociétés rurales. En France, tout au long du XIXe siècle, l’ouverture de routes carrossables sur des territoires de montagne participe au mouvement de modernisation des campagnes, enclenché par les gouvernements successifs. L’étude territorialisée à l’échelle du massif du Vercors (Isère et Drôme), permet d’étudier les différentes facettes du tandem que forment aménagement routier et contrôle social. Au cours du XIXe siècle, ce territoire est le théâtre de la construction d’un réseau routier carrossable. Les nouvelles routes qui quadrillent le territoire entre terres d’altitude, piémonts et plaines, sont gérées par le Service Vicinal sur le modèle des découpages administratifs. L’ouverture de routes carrossables est portée par une ambition de régulation des comportements économiques et sociaux des habitants, afin de les mettre en adéquation avec l’économie nationale en pleine industrialisation, tout en permettant à l’État de reprendre en main l’exploitation de ses forêts. La route apparaît alors comme un outil de diffusion de nouvelles normes de mobilités et un remède aux délits forestiers. L’efficacité du contrôle social par la route peut toutefois être questionnée. Comment les sociétés locales réagissent face à cette perte d’autonomie ? Qui en profite ? Des écarts se creusent-ils ? Les pratiques considérées comme délictuelles disparaissent-elles ou sont-elles repensées à l’instar des normes de mobilités ? Qu’est-ce que cela révèle des effets socio-économiques de ces aménagements sur le temps long ?
Concevoir l’espace domestique pour contrôler la main-d’œuvre : l’action de la Société mulhousienne des cités ouvrières durant la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle
Authors: Prohin Lucie
Published: November 2021

Fondée le 10 juin 1853 à l’initiative de plusieurs industriels, la Société mulhousienne des cités ouvrières fait bâtir, jusqu’en 1897, plus d’un millier d’habitations. Celles-ci permettent de loger une partie de la main-d’œuvre de la ville, mais contribuent plus largement à une entreprise paternaliste de moralisation des classes laborieuses. Cet article s’attache à étudier les dispositifs spatio-économiques conçus pour contrôler les ouvrières et ouvriers au sein même de leur espace domestique, et interroge ainsi le choix de l’habitat individuel, le rôle donné aux jardins attachés aux maisons, ou encore la mise en place d’un innovant système de location-vente. Il questionne en outre les mécanismes de fonctionnement de ce contrôle, en se focalisant sur le triptyque sélection-réglementation-incitation. Si la réalité vécue des cités reste difficile à appréhender, l’analyse fait apparaître l’effectivité limitée des mesures de contrôle et souligne l’évolution idéologique du projet des industriels mulhousiens au cours de la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle.
Le contrôle social des mineurs par le logement dans les bassins houiller européens est-il un mythe ?
Authors: Baudelle Guy
Published: November 2021

Le logement des mineurs par l’exploitant dans les bassins houillers ouest-européens a été le plus souvent vu comme l’expression d’une volonté de contrôle social. Une lecture moins idéologique montre que le logement patronal visait avant tout à accroître la force de travail. Son éventuelle instrumentalisation à des fins de contrôle social ne fut qu’une résultante, secondaire, de sa fonction technique. Y voir un outil de répression est incompatible avec l’impératif productif. Plus généralement, le paternalisme fut un dispositif à vocation essentiellement industrielle. On illustre cette interprétation principalement à partir du cas de l’ancien bassin minier du Nord et du Pas-de-Calais (1720-1990).
Literatura testimonial de la otra memoria democrática española : republicana, antifascista e internacionalista
Authors: Prado del Santo Antonio
Published: November 2021

L'avant-projet de loi de mémoire démocratique, à l’étude actuellement en Espagne, ne propose ni une abrogation ni une réinterprétation de la loi d'Amnistie de 1977. Par conséquent, cette dernière continue à être appliquée, malgré les réticences exprimées par l’ONU. En laissant impunis les crimes du franquisme alors qu’il avait pourtant promis de rendre hommage à ses victimes, le Royaume laisse en réalité entrevoir que sa mémoire a, précisément, une limite démocratique : celle de la République. M’inscrivant en faux contre cette lecture équidistante, monarchiste et nationaliste de la Guerre d’Espagne et de ses conséquences, je mets en exergue une autre mémoire démocratique dont la légitimité n’est pas moins pertinente, à savoir la mémoire républicaine, antifasciste et internationaliste. Dans cette démarche, je pose un regard benjaminien sur la littérature testimoniale afin d'exhumer le lien géopolitique existant entre la Guerre civile et la Seconde Guerre mondiale : la Retirada, l’internement dans les camps de concentration français et la participation à la résistance dans l’Hexagone.
Humans or Machines? Scientific Determinism within the Context of Yoruba Human Ontology
Authors: GBADAMOSI Oluwatoyin Adebola
Published: November 2021

Freewill has been a subject of intense study in the history of philosophy, this revolves around the debate that are humans free or are their actions determined? While there has been a lot of questions on the nature of human will, the search for answers remains relevant in contemporary studies as seen in the entrance of neuroscience to this quest. Neuroscience, in the study of the human will arrived at a conclusion based on empirical studies that freewill is an illusion because the human will is determined by cerebral activities. The discovery in the field of neuroscience therefore challenges the traditional belief about freewill and our beliefs that humans are in full control of their will. This submission indicated that human decisions for actions were initiated before humans became aware of them, that is, likening humans to machines, thereby creating a lacuna especially within the Yoruba religious and cultural contexts. This study therefore, interrogated the position of neuroscience on the human will by focusing on how scientific determinism can be viewed from the Yoruba worldview. Scientific determinism evident in the field of neuroscience was examined with a view to situating the findings of neuroscience on human will within the context of Yoruba human ontology.
Kuruluşundan Latin İşgaline Dek (330-1204) Konstantinopolis'teki Yabancı Topluluklar
Authors: YILMAZ Metin
Published: November 2021

Konstantinopolis, Orta Çağ boyunca kültürel, politik, ekonomik ve dini bir merkez olma özelliği göstermektedir. Çok sayıda yabancının asker, tüccar, köle, elçi olarak şehre geldiği görülür. Yabancıların şehir yaşamındaki etkinlikleri ve ağırlıkları konusunda ise farklı değerlendirmeler söz konusudur. Her ne kadar İtalyalılar, Müslümanlar ve Slavlar gibi ağırlıklı olarak ticari ve askeri etkinlikler için şehre gelenlerin nitelikleri konusunda daha net fikirlere sahip olsak da Yahudiler ve Ermeniler gibi vatandaşlık elde etmiş topluluklar hakkındaki değerlendirmelerimiz konusunda etnisite, nüfus ve asimilasyon ile ilgili iki temel problem göze çarpmaktadır. İlk problem, Bizans’ta görülen bir çeşit Romalı milliyetçiliğinin göz ardı edilmesidir. Yabancıların zaman zaman sorunlar yaşasalar da Bizans’ın bir parçası oldukları, dinsel ayrılıklar dışında benimsendikleri ve hatta imparatorlar çıkardıkları düşüncesi oldukça yaygındır. Ancak Romalılaşma ve asimilasyonun göz ardı edilmesi ve etnik köken ısrarcılığı bizi şehirdeki yabancılarla ilgili yanlış değerlendirmeler yapmaya itmektedir. Yabancılarla ilgili ikinci problem ise onların, Romalı nüfusa oranı ve karşılaştıkları tutumla ilgilidir. Şehirde yaşayan yabancılar küçük bir azınlığı oluşturmaktaydı ve buna rağmen yabancı karşıtlığı, isyanlar, tehcir ve izole yaşam alanları görülüyordu. Bu durum bizi Konstantinopolis’in çok uluslu, kozmopolit bir şehir olduğu düşüncesini sorgulamaya iter. Dolayısıyla çalışmamızda şehirdeki yabancı toplulukların yaşamları ve etkinlikleri anlatılırken, bir yandan da onların asimilasyonları ve toplumsal statüleri incelenmiştir.
Actor-networks, a Project in Engineering Education
Authors: Figueiredo José
Published: November 2021

Actor-network theory represents a way to look at things, very different from traditional approaches. Convinced that actor-networks can provide an excellent mindset to deal with innovation in engineering education we present a concise background on the topic oriented to this knowledge area. We deal with knowledge, learning, contexts, and actor networking within situated cooperative environments. We deal with the articulation of planned approaches and policies, providing ideas to explore contexts in which we can improve people’s involvement and design some innovative strategies and artifacts. We address the conciliation of sensibilities that normally wouldn’t be able to cooperate. We try to imagine a space of translations and negotiations that facilitate the formulation of problems as a combination of detours and extensions, constructing alignments to a goal
Power System Simulation Laboratory as a Modern Educational Tool
Authors: Sauhats Antans , Zalostiba Diana , Dolgicers Aleksandrs , Utans Andrejs , Bochkarjova Galina , Biela Edite , Antonovs Dmitrijs
Published: November 2021

To ensure the success of the personnel of power systems are required not only deep theoretical knowledge’s but also practical skills, the acquisition of which in modern universities is associated with considerable difficulties. The paper provides an overview of opportunities to overcome part of these difficulties by creating automation and protective relaying testing educational and research laboratory. To generate testing signals power system emergency processes records and simulation software are used. For education purposes microprocessorbased, suitable for digital input testing signals terminal is created
Use of Virtual Reality in Teaching Fractions at Elementary Level
Authors: Ruiz Ledesma Elena Fabiola , Parra Hernández Abiel Tomás
Published: November 2021

The learning difficulties of the mathematical concept of fraction is a topic that has been studied by different mathematical educators, but still is a relevant topic today, because despite the proposals that have been made to improve learning, they have not been used for all teachers besides those few that are involved in the use of the technology. Besides that there is little educational software that is based on research and is validated to be taken to the classroom. This article shows a virtual system that has been created for the student to interact with it in order to connect his knowledge with his play skills, skills of discovery, reasoning, communication among others and may have a significant learning of fraction
MeLOD
Authors: Arrigo Marco , Taibi Davide , Fulantelli Giovanni
Published: November 2021

In the last few years, many applications for mobile devices have been developed to support learning experiences both in formal and informal contexts. One of the main limits of these applications concerns the development of learning materials suitable for mobile learning contexts. In fact, learning content must be usually prepared in advance by teachers and maintained during the whole lifespan of the application. In this paper, we present MeLOD, a mobile learning environment, which exploits the huge amount of dataset in the Linked Open Data (LOD) cloud to overcome the previous issue, and provides contextualized and continuously updated information based on students’ location. The position of the student sent by the mobile device is used to interlink Geonames DBpedia and Europeana datasets to provide information about all the interesting cultural heritage sites close to the student. Moreover, students social activities like voting and commenting are used to enhance the knowledge base of the environment and to provide recommendations for next students’ visits.
Using Measurable Indices to Evaluate the Cultural Importance of Socio-religious Plants: Comparative Data from the Three States of India
Authors: Oza Kavi K. , Chatterjee Suchitra , Pandya Shrey , Raole Vinay M.
Published: November 2021

The aim of the present study is to do the balancing between the science and cultural practices in an increasingly complex developing society and policy on the traditional knowledge landscape. Various quantitative indices are proposed to determine the cultural importance of socio-religious and ethnobotanically valuable plants as a tool for the evaluation of cultural heritage. These indices were applied to an ethnobotanical, sociocultural survey of plants and plant parts traditionally used and consumed in the selected study area. Selected plants were grouped into seven use categories for further analysis. The cultural value index (CV), use value index (UV), the relative frequency of citation (RFC), relative importance (RI), and cultural importance index (CI) were calculated for different plant species cited by 45 informants in different traditional societies from the studied states. The calculated values of the cultural importance of plants through diverse indices generated interesting variations from three regions of India. There were eight common species through all the three states. Among these eight species Butea monosperma shows the highest values from Rajasthan and Ziziphus jujube shows the lowest values from Gujarat region. While Nelumbo nucifera, Vigna mungo, and Nymphaea lotus were also portrayed high calculated values in the CI, RI, and CVs. The combined use of these indices makes it possible to quantify the role which has given to a particular plant within a specific culture in one or many festivals in general or religious rituals.
Prevalence Areas and Damage Rate of Contarinia Pruniflorum Coutin & Rambier (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in Apricot Orchards in Malatya and Elazığ provinces (Turkey)
Authors: YİĞİT Talip , TUNAZ Hasan
Published: November 2021

Apricot flower midge (Contarinia pruniflorum) emerged in February-March and lay eggs on the flower buds of the apricot trees. The larvae hatching feeds through the bud wall and flower genital organs. The damaged flower does not turn into fruit. It is a pest that directly affects the yield.prevalence areas in apricot orchards in Malatya (Turkey) and the damage rate were determined. The highest infestation rate of the pest is in Kale and Battalgazi districts of Malatya and Baskil district of Elazığ with 100 %, then, Yeşilyurt 95%,Yazıhan 90%,Akçadağ 76%, Darende 75%, Kuluncak 50%, Arguvan 50% and Doğanşehir 12.5% followed by infestation rates. No pests were found in the orchards which were controlled in Hekimhan district of Malatya and Elbistan district of Kahramanmaraş. Although the damage rate varies according to years, it was determined that the flower damage rate was 0.7% and the fruit set rate was 10.6 % in orchard in Kale where the pest control is done, while the damage rate was 11.8% and the fruit set rate was 2.9% in the orchard without pest control in 2017.In 2018, when compared with orchards with or without pest control, while there was damage in the number of flowers, but there was no change in the amount of fruit.
«Последний византиец»: К.Н. Леонтьев о византийских корнях Российской Империи
Authors: Podvoisky Leonid Ya.
Published: November 2021

2021 год – юбилейный для выдающегося русского философа, писателя, публициста, литературного критика Константина Николаевича Леонтьева. Юбилейный и по рождению – 190 лет, и по смерти – 130 лет. Личность незаурядная, противоречивая и по характеру, и по жизненному пути, и по научному и литературному творчеству. По образованию он был врачом, по призванию дипломатом, по складу мысли религиозным консерватором и эстетом, а незадолго перед смертью принял монашеский постриг. Эти особенности его личности и нашли отражение в данной статье.К.Н. Леонтьев не оставил строго систематизированных философско-политических работ. В то же время у него представлена концепция историко-культурного процесса, в фокусе которой он и рассматривал будущее России.Центральное понятие историософской концепции К.Н. Леонтьева – понятие «византизма». Он первым применил этот термин и ввел его в систему философских понятий. Теоретическое обоснование византистских идей и возможность их дальнейшего развития в новых исторических условиях дано им в работе «Византизм и славянство». К.Н. Леонтьев был талантливым последователем Н.Я. Данилевского, автора знаменитого труда «Россия и Европа». К. Леонтьев развил и обосновал идею цикличности развития государств, народов, культур, выдвинутую в этом труде.По К.Н. Леонтьеву, Россия, приняв православие, приобщилась к византийской культуре. Византийская культура столкнулась на Руси с культурой, которая находилась ещё в зачаточном состоянии. Византизм и создал Россию, сделал вывод К.Н. Леонтьев. Византийская идея царизма, то есть ничем не ограниченной самодержавной власти на русской почве выразилась в идее русской родовой монархии как организующем начале народной жизни. Иначе говоря, К.Н. Леонтьев видит в этом корни российской империи. Но значение византизма не только в становлении сильной государственности, но и в формировании культуры России.
Новые имперские тенденции Евразии: политические элиты в поисках своего лидерства
Authors: Markelov Konstantin A.
Published: November 2021

В начале XXI столетия политическая карта мира претерпевает значительные геополитические изменения, связанные со сменой мирового лидерства и установлением многополярного мира. Пробуждаются и начинают активно действовать страны, ранее находившиеся в тени подчинения других мировых лидеров. На наших глазах мировая геополитическая архитектура перестраивается, приобретая новые очертания. Формируются новые центры силы, которые находятся преимущественно в Евразии. Лидерство западных держав ослабевает по мере подъема евразийских гигантов, в поведении которых начинают все более отчетливо проступать имперские тенденции. Имперские тенденции проявляются не только на геополитическом уровне как отражение глобального мышления политических элит и их лидеров, но также на уровне культурных и экономических изменений. Все чаще они начинают приобретать черты аксиологической борьбы за новые ценности и продвижение своей системы стандартов. В настоящей работе мы коснемся проблемы пробуждающейся Евразии, что проявляется в усилении роли ведущих стран этого региона, в частности в том, что они своим влиянием уже начали переформатировать международное политическое пространство, вытесняя из него прежних ведущих игроков. Именно усиление суверенитета «молодыми лидерами» воспринимается «старыми лидерами» как конфликт интересов, способный разрушить всю привычную для них систему безопасности их национальных интересов.
Геополитические, социально-культурные, элитологические аспекты формирования, деградации и возрождения имперских интенций: информируем и обсуждаем
Authors: Ponedelkov Alexander Va. , Kudryashov Konstantin Vi.
Published: November 2021

22 октября (2 ноября) 1721 г. по итогам Северной войны и по прошению Сената и Синода русский царь Петр I принял титулы Императора Всероссийского и Отца Отечества. Принято считать, что с принятием Петром I императорского титула, Россия превратилась из царства в империю,и начался её имперский период истории. Существует мнение, что в ХХ в. правопреемником этой империи стал Советский Союз, а в настоящее время носителем этой традиции является Российская Федерация. 4 июня 2021 года в Ростове-на-Дону состоялся Круглый стол – «Геополитические, социально-культурные, элитологические аспекты формирования, деградации и возрождения имперских интенций» в рамках Всероссийской научной практической очно/заочной онлайн конференции «К 300-ЛЕТИЮ РОССИЙСКОЙ ИМПЕРИИ: ЭЛИТЫ И МИР ВЫСОКИХ ОТНОШЕНИЙ (PRO ET CONTRA)». На круглом столе были рассмотрены следующие актуальные проблемы и вопросы: глава государства и управленческая элита; опыт подготовки кадров для управленческой элиты в XIX – начале XX в.; роль политической, управленческой (бюрократической), военной, финансовой и интеллектуальной элиты в истории России XVII-XX вв.; критерии оценки качества политической элиты и политических лидеров; региональные элиты современной России; элиты и лидерство: российская специфика; элитократия как феномен современной политической реальности; и многие другие. В настоящей публикации даётся лишь предварительный ознакомительный материал, ознакомится с полным содержанием докладов возможно через опубликованный сборник материалов круглого стола.
Имперский проект россии: русификация национальных окраин - рецензия на монографию «Национальные окраины в политике Российской Империи и русской общественной мысли. Под общей редакцией А.Т. Урушадзе.- Ростов-на-Дону: Издательство ЮНЦ РАН, 2020».
Authors: Vartumyan Arushan A.
Published: November 2021

В истории всех империй многое в их политическом развитии зависело не только от сплоченного центра, но и от лояльности и послушности их окраин. Именно в гармонизации диалога «центр – периферия» зависел стабильный и конструктивный рост империй, перспектива их выживания. Российская империя длительное время демонстрировала весьма гибкую политику в сфере национальных отношений, поскольку периферия ее государственного устройства сплошь состояла из национальных конгломераций, каждый их которых требовал к себе индивидуального подхода. Автор высоко оценивает рецензируемую им монографию, авторскому коллективу которой удалось дать комплексный анализ проводимой Российской империей политики в отношении своих национальных окраин.Он, в частности, согласен с мнением авторов о том, что Российская империя являла собой пример уникального историко-культурного разнообразия. Причем это многообразие было направлено не на конфликт, а на примирение. Поэтому для настоящего дня важным является адекватное понимание причин этого успешного управления этнокультурным многообразием. Дальнейшее развитие империологических исследований им видится именно в детальном рассмотрении связей между различными частями государства, исследовании проблемы внутри имперского трансфера управленческих идей и технологий, а также в анализе формальных и неформальных административных практик и определение роли представителей общественности в борьбе за выбор политического курса империи на окраинах.
Detection of Pneumonia Using Chest X-Ray Images and Image Processing Algorithms - A Comparative Study
Authors: B N Beena Ullala Mata , I. S Rishika , Jain Nikita , C S Kaliprasad , K R Niranjan
Published: November 2021

Utilizing exclusively picture handling procedures, this examination proposes an original strategy for distinguishing the presence of pneumonia mists in chest X-rays (CXR). Collected the several analogue chest CXRs from patients with normal and Pneumonia-infected lungs. Indigenous algorithms have been developed for cropping and for extraction of the lung region from the images. To detect pneumonia clouds first conducted the preprocessing of the image then used the image segmentation techniques like Otsu thresholding K-means clustering and global thresholding and then contour detection algorithm was applied which helped to detect lung boundary, the area’s ratio is used to classify the normal lung from pneumonia affected lung.
EXPLORING THE DYNAMIC SPILLOVER EFFECTS BETWEEN AIR TRANSPORTATION AND DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS IN TURKEY
Authors: DÜNDAR Turan , BEYZATLAR Mehmet Aldonat
Published: November 2021

Purpose: This study presents the relationship between air transportation and development indicators in Turkey covering the period from 1970 to 2017. The transportation sector tends to expand significantly in the 21st century compared to previous years. Nowadays, there are various transportation methods, especially by air, land, sea, railway, and pipeline. Although the reasons for being preferred in this sector where goods and services and passenger transportation are different, air transportation has come to the fore as the fastest and safest method.

Method/Design/Methodology/Approach: While air transportation depends on the economic level, it also has effects on development. In this context the objectives are twofold: the paper (i) investigates the relationship between air transportation measures and a wide variety of development indicators, and (ii) incorporates an empirical framework based on the dynamic connectedness approach. This method supplies net, pairwise, and total connectedness parameters, which form integral parts of a relational network among variables.

Findings: According to empirical findings, air passenger transportation, life expectancy, and infant mortality are net transmitters, where air freight transportation and other development indicators (urbanization, human capital index, CO2 emissions, and GDP per capita) are net receivers.

Originality: The results obtained by the dynamic connectedness method differ from conventional methods in the plane of creating a relationship network within the variables. Through this paper, the relations between development indicators and air transportation in Turkey have been uncovered under the terms of the contribution to the literature, were revealed as part of a network system.
Textile Scaffolds: A Review of Some Significant Breakthroughs in Tissue Engineering
Authors:   SMK Fomra Institute of Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, kumar V. Krishna , Gokarneshan N. ,   Department of Costume Design and Fashion, Dr.SNSRajalakshmi College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: November 2021

The article reviews some significant attempts in textile scaffolds related to developments in tissue engineering. The benefits offered by micro fibrous scaffold architectures fabricated by textile manufacturing techniques have been explored. Established and novel fiber-processing techniques can be exploited in order to generate templates matching the demands of the target cell niche. The problems related to the development of biomaterial fibers (especially from nature-derived materials) ready for textile manufacturing are addressed. Attention is also paid on how biological cues may be incorporated into microfibrous scaffold architectures by hybrid manufacturing approaches (e.g. nanofiber or hydrogel functionalization). Textile technologies have recently attracted great attention as potential biofabrication tools for engineering tissue constructs. Using current textile technologies, fibrous structures can be designed and engineered to attain the required properties that are demanded by different tissue engineering applications. Tissue engineering often uses synthetic scaffolds to direct cell responses during engineered tissue development. Since cells reside within specific niches of the extracellular matrix, it is important to understand how the matrix guides cell response and then incorporate this knowledge into scaffold design. The goal of this review is to review elements of cell–matrix interactions that are critical to informing and evaluating cellular response on synthetic scaffolds. Therefore, this review examines fibrous proteins of the extracellular matrix and their effects on cell behavior, followed by a discussion of the cellular responses elicited by fiber diameter, alignment, and scaffold porosity of two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) synthetic scaffolds.
The Impact of Climate Change on the Aquatic Macroinvertebrates in the Debed River
Authors:   Institute of Geological Sciences of National Academy of Sciences, Armenia, Badasyan Inga
Published: November 2021

The Southern Caucasus countries show a rather different energy profile, with Azerbaijan consuming mainly its oil and gas resources, Georgia relying on hydropower production, and Armenia with a more diversified supply system of hydro and nuclear power (Figure 1) [1]. All three countries have embarked on the development of renewable energy resources supported by many international agencies, but only a few projects have actually started [2].While the climate change research and the water quality monitoring of three countries’ rivers.
Simulation of Excited Molecule Propagation to Determine Plasma Sterilization Effectiveness in Lumens
Authors: Koo Clair , Poggio Andy , Wilson Tarn
Published: November 2021

Sterilizing or disinfecting medical narrow-lumen instruments such as endoscopes is a highly difficult process. Although plasma sterilization is effective against a broad spectrum of microorganisms, its effectiveness is dependent on the density of plasma-generated, excited particles that attack the microorganisms. The lifetime of the excited particles is not long, and their survival is a function of operating condition and geometry. The current study employs a numerical method to investigate the propagation and density of the excited nitrogen molecules in a narrow lumen and to identify the conditions where the plasma sterilization is effective. The plasma gas properties are calculated using the gas kinetic theory, and different lifetimes are assumed for excited molecules. The simulation results show that the survival of excited particles in a lumen increases more than 10 times when the pressure is reduced by a factor of 10. Thus, it is highly recommended that the plasma be operated at lower pressure to increase the sterilization efficiency of narrow lumen devices.
Public Health Guidance and Research Strategies to Combat the Next COVID Pandemic
Authors: Cooper Reed , Crowder Mark
Published: November 2021

COVID-19 has severely disrupted the lives of many with respect to health, economic security, and social behaviors. By analyzing the U.S. response to COVID-19, strategies for dealing with the next pandemic can be established. Analyses on the politicization of science reveal the ineffectiveness of political commentary in overcoming the COVID-19 pandemic, as seen through heterogenous behavioral patterns throughout the U.S. in regard to pandemic prevention measures, such as social distancing. Economic data reveal the importance of financially prioritizing small businesses over large ones and how to ensure individuals are motivated to return to work. The mask mandate was not widely respected throughout the U.S. and was a primary reason for the pandemic's prolonged effects. Due to a lack of trust in the leading health experts, non-pharmaceutical prevention methods were not as effective as they could have been. By analyzing vaccine data, it is clear that pharmaceuticals can and should be developed prior to the next pandemic. Based on the principle of cross-immunity, vaccines that incorporate genomic similarities between virus groups can be researched and administered, which will theoretically reduce the immune system’s reaction to the next novel virus. Overall, the U.S. response to the COVID-19 pandemic had effective and ineffective components. By studying public health procedures and results from this pandemic, recommendations can be made to improve the response to the next pandemic.
A Comparative Analysis of Japanese, Mexican and English Marketing Practices: Examining the Influence of Culture on Marketing
Authors: Nelson Stephanie , Smith Travis
Published: November 2021

This research paper examines how the distinct cultures of Japan, Mexico and Great Britain influence companies’ respective marketing strategies. These three countries were chosen specifically because of their vast cultural differences and their location on three different continents. First, the paper will compare each country’s economic outlook in order to more thoroughly understand each country’s market and consumer behavior. Next, each country’s culture will be explored through several distinguishing aspects such as religion, family structure, gender roles, society, etc. A summary of each country’s consumer behavior and consumer ethics will be given. Next, specific examples of companies that have led successful marketing campaigns in each country will be analyzed in order to determine how they used cross-cultural marketing. The companies used were Coca-Cola for Mexico, Kit-Kat and Louis Vuitton for Japan and Five-Guys for Great Britain. These results can help companies which are trying to launch their products in international markets understand different consumer behavior and markets world-wide.
Optimization of a Convolutional Neural Network for the Automated Diagnosis of Melanoma
Authors: Ihemelandu Kemka , Ihemelandu Chukwuemeka
Published: November 2021

The incidence of melanoma has been increasing rapidly over the past two decades, making melanoma a current public health crisis. Unfortunately, even as screening efforts continue to expand in an effort to ameliorate the death rate from melanoma, there is a need to improve diagnostic accuracy to decrease misdiagnosis. Artificial intelligence (AI) a new frontier in patient care has the ability to improve the accuracy of melanoma diagnosis. Convolutional neural network (CNN) a form of deep neural network, most commonly applied to analyze visual imagery, has been shown to outperform the human brain in pattern recognition. However, there are noted limitations with the accuracy of the CNN models. Our aim in this study was the optimization of convolutional neural network algorithms for the automated diagnosis of melanoma. We hypothesized that Optimal selection of the momentum and batch hyperparameter increases model accuracy. Our most successful model developed during this study, showed that optimal selection of momentum of 0.25, batch size of 2, led to a superior performance and a faster model training time, with an accuracy of ~ 83% after nine hours of training. We did notice a lack of diversity in the dataset used, with a noted class imbalance favoring lighter vs. darker skin tone. Training set image transformations did not result in a superior model performance in our study.
An Analysis of How Twitter Impacts Financial Markets
Authors: Ludwig Zachary , Perkowski Patryk
Published: November 2021

In this paper, I examine how social media affects cryptocurrencies and more traditional stocks. I use data on Twitter posts in combination with daily stock prices to estimate the causal effect of a tweet on stock and coin prices. To do this, I use a difference-indifference regression with index funds as my control group, which allows me to capture general market trends that coins and stocks would follow if not for intervention. I find that tweets have a significant impact on cryptocurrencies that last up to three days after the post. The increase in coin prices is driven by tweets from Tyler Winklevoss and tweets about Tezos and Ethereum specifically. Meanwhile, Twitter posts have no impact on more traditional stocks. These results suggest that social media can provide the public with valuable information in real time for fast moving and volatile crypto assets, while their effects on more stable and institutionalized traditional stocks are more muted.
Various Phytochemicals Present in Maida Lakdi Litsea glutinosa (Lour) acts in the Management of Waja ul Mafasil (Arthritis) in a Clinical Trials
Authors: Begum Zaibunnisa , Noorein Noor Banu , Modi Shenaz Begum
Published: November 2021

Litsea glutinosa (Lour) Maida Lakdi is an evergreen tree belonging to family Lauraceae it is a native to India.1,2,3 Ethinomedically the bark is used by the traditional practitioners as a demulcent, emollient and in the treatment of diarrhea and dysentery. According to ancient Unani classical text books by our ancient scholars which was used for mostly bony diseaseslike Fracture (kasar), Joint pain(Hudaar), gout(Naqras), sciatica(lrqun nasa), anti inflammatory(Muhalil e Auram), spacity of nerves(Tashannunj e Asab), nervine tonic(Muqavi e Asab)etc. and now a days further activities were found by various scientific studies paving a way for multi functional activities like Anti oxidant , analgesic anti inflammatory, anti pyretic, anti microbial, anti bacterial, anti fungal anti helminthic, wound healing, hepatoprotective, nephro protective, anti infertility,anti hyperglycemic and anti hyperlipidemic.
Using IOT to Improve Indian Agriculture﻿
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Swaroop﻿ Anmol
Published: November 2021

The use of Internet of Things (IoT) may provide the boost which is required to improve the productivity of Indian agriculture system which is well below the world average and may help in improving the income and conditions of Indian farmer. The present paper presents the efforts done by the researchers in this direction to promote the use of Information technology in general and IoT in particular in Indian agriculture sector. The areas in which IoT helps are, robotics, decision support systems, smart irrigation, precision farming, use of social media for the benefit of Indian farmers. The use of agent based systems in Indian Agriculture scenario has also been discussed in this paper.
IMPORTÂNCIA DA MÃO DE OBRA QUALIFICADA NA ENGENHARIA CIVIL
Authors: Gimenez Danúbia de Souza , Quaresma José Eduardo
Published: November 2021

A mão-de-obra qualificada reduz muito a insatisfação dos clientes. Também a falta de qualificação diminui o tempo dos trabalhadores no mesmo emprego. Os empregados que são qualificados são mais ágeis, contribuem mais para as obras pois devido ao treinamento conseguem resolver com mais facilidade problemas que podem aparecer nas obras. Vale muito o investimento. A maioria dos problemas na construção civil aparecem depois das obras acabadas, portanto, uma mão de obra qualificada pode controlar mais os erros que podem vir a acontecer, pois já foram preparados para tal acontecimento, e assim conseguem garantir uma melhor qualidade para a obra durante a construção. Dentro disso, esse artigo traz o estudo da qualificação de mão-de-obra na construção civil.Essa pesquisa mostra que muitos trabalhadores contratados para as obras não tem qualificação teórica e aprendem na prática, o que ajuda o trabalho a não ter qualidade. O objetivo geral é analisar a qualificação na mão-de-obra na construção civil.
PARAMENTAÇÃO E DESPARAMENTAÇÃO DOS PROFISSIONAIS DE SAÚDE EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA
Authors: Santos Emília Cristina dos , Santos Ana Sofia Lopes dos , Lima Maria Eduarda Regis Ferreira de , Santos Carla Tatiane da Silva , Leite Raqueli Rodrigues , Viturino Matheus Gabriel da Silva Cavalcanti , Ramalho Cibele Lopes de Santana , Santana Filipe Almeida de , Martins Priscila Diniz de Carvalho , Neves Giselda Bezerra Correia
Published: November 2021

Dentro do hospital, a higiene é fundamental, sendo assim equipamentos de segurança são essenciais para a proteção do profissional, porém se utilizados de forma incorreta, podem acarretar brechas para contaminação. Objetivo: Descrever a importância da paramentação e da desparamentação como uma ferramenta fundamental para a proteção do profissional de saúde  Método: revisão da literatura, as buscas serão realizadas nas bases de dados Latin American And Caribbean Literature Databases In Health Sciences (LILACS), Medical Literature, Analysis and Retrievel System Online (MEDLINE), dispostos na Biblioteca Virtual de saúde, utilizou-se os descritores indexados COVID- 19; Equipamento de Proteção Individual; Contenção de riscos Biológicos. Resultados: Nos artigos pesquisados as ações de educação em saúde, proporciona uma visão  da importância das sequencias de paramentação e desparamentação dos equipamentos de proteção individual, já que é uma barreira de proteção para a saúde do profissional contra riscos biológicos, também o relatam que o uso de EPI é indispensável aos trabalhadores de saúde durante a pandemia de Covid-19, sendo portanto imprescindível coordenar seu fornecimento, para evitar a desperdício e consequentemente a falta. Conclusão: Ao profissional que trabalha diariamente prestando assistência a pacientes acometidos pela Covid-19, necessitam de proteção individual, tão quanto importante a paramentação está a desparamentação. Os estudos mostram que a maioria dos contágios ocorrem no momento de desparamentação, quando o profissional está cansado e muitas vezes esgotado, sendo primordial que ocorram ações da educação permanente a fim de ensinar e sensibilizar esses profissionais.
A EVASÃO ESCOLAR NA EDUCAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS - EJA, UM CONTRASTE COM A LEI DE DIRETRIZES E BASES DA EDUCAÇÃO NACIONAL - LDBEN
Authors: Medeiros Soarea Dayse Avany de
Published: November 2021

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo geral analisar as principais causas da evasão escolar na modalidade da Educação de Jovens e Adultos da Escola Estadual Fábio da Silveira Barros, no município de Maraial e como objetivos específicos: identificar as causas que levam os estudantes da EJA a se evadirem; descrever as estratégias utilizadas pelos professores para o ensino da modalidade da Educação de Jovens e Adultos – EJA e por último, averiguar sobre possíveis soluções para a evasão escolar na Educação de Jovens e Adultos – EJA. Outrossim, é importante contemplar a contribuição trazida pela Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional - LDBEN, quando em seu surgimento, trouxe a substituição do termo “ensino supletivo” por “educação de jovens e adultos”, ampliando-se, desse modo, o conceito e a responsabilidade do Estado no que tange ao dever de atendimento a todos os estudantes incluídos na modalidade em estudo. Marco ímpar para o contexto. E com o desejo de responder à problemática da presente pesquisa, foram utilizados vários teóricos preocupados com o tema em estudo, dentre eles, Paulo Freire, Di Pierro, Moacy Gadotti, Lakatos, Gil,  entre outros, os quais contribuíram fortemente com os fundamentos teóricos apresentados nesta investigação. No tocante aos aspectos metodológicos, pode-se dizer tratar-se de um desenho não experimental, do tipo descritivo, de corte transversal e de enfoque misto. Como participantes deste estudo, tivemos 50 (cinquenta) estudantes (01 turma do III módulo da EJA e 01 turma do II módulo da EJA), 07 (sete) professores e 01(uma) gestora.
REABILITAÇÃO FÍSICA NO PACIENTE SUBMETIDO AO TRANSPLANTE CARDÍACO: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Conceição Furtado Marcos Vinicius da , Amaral Claudio Alves , Moraes de Moraes Ramon , Couto Mayra Herminia Simões Hamad Farias do
Published: November 2021

Introdução: O transplante cardíaco é uma intervenção que busca substituir o coração que está insuficiente para manter as demandas metabolicas necesárias para o  funcionamento do organismo,  quando não realizado precocemente o risco de óbito aumenta conforme ao tempo de exposição. Com isso, a substituição por um coração doado por individuos principalmente em morte encefálica se faz necessário para a manutenção da vida desses individuos. No entanto, para classificar o paciente que está apto à receber o transplante é crucial a unidade possuir protocolos com critérios clínicos e exames diagnósticos, e para a classificação do doador se faz presente o mesmo requerimento. É notório que o paciente pré e pós transplante cardíaco possui diminuição da sua funcionalidade e qualidade de vida. Neste cenario a reabilitação do paciente transplantado  proporciona uma maior expectativa de vida e maior independencia para as atividades cotidianas. Objetivo: O presente estudo tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão integrativa sobre a reabilitação física do paciente submetido ao transplante cardíaco. Método: realizou-se um estudo de revisão integrativa no qual incluiu-se estudos publicados nos últimos dez anos que abordaram na íntegra a utilização de exercícios físicos como método de reabilitação nos pacientes submetidos ao transplante cardíaco. Os estudos são advindos das bases de dados Pubmed, Pedro e Cochrane. Resultados: A reabilitação física no paciente submetido ao transplante cardíaco promove efeitos positivos na qualidade de vida e na sobrevivência. Os exercícios intervalados e os de alta intensidade com adequada monitorização são os que promovem maior beneficio para esse perfil de paciente
DETERMINAÇÃO DOS PARÂMETROS FÍSICO-QUÍMICOS DA ÁGUA DO RIO JEQUITINHONHA NA CIDADE DE ALMENARA-MG
Authors: Pereira Reis Ana Clara , Moreira Gama Ednilton , Pereira Matos Roberta
Published: November 2021

A qualidade da água está diretamente ligada ao modo de uso e ocupação do solo, ao clima, topografia, geologia, cobertura vegetal e constituinte de uma bacia hidrográfica, está relacionada tanto com os aspectos naturais quanto antrópicos. Visto a importância desse recurso natural para consumo humano e possíveis problemas que podem ocasionar na saúde, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo realizar análises físico-químicas de amostras de água da porção do Rio Jequitinhonha que passa pelo município de Almenara – MG. Os parâmetros avaliados foram pH, Temperatura, Condutividade, Alcalinidade, Dureza, Cloreto Total, ferro total e a Turbidez dos pontos coletados. As coletas foram realizadas no período chuvoso da região, no mês de fevereiro de 2020, em dois pontos que passam pela cidade que são frequentados pela população. A metodologia empregada para coleta e análise das amostras foi a estabelecida pelo Guia Nacional de coleta e preservação de amostras da CETESB. Segundo as análises realizadas, os valores de Turbidez, pH, Alcalinidade, Íons Cloretos, Íons Ferro e Dureza encontram-se dentro dos parâmetros estabelecidos pela resolução n° 357 do CONAMA de 2005.
Learner Autonomy as Discourse: The Role of the Target Language
Authors: Little David
Published: November 2021

In a number of publications (e.g., Little 2001, 2004, 2007) I have argued that the exercise and development of language learner autonomy depend on the operationalization of three interacting principles: learner involvement, learner reflection, and target language use. In this article I explore the theory and practice of language learner autonomy from the perspective of the third of these principles. I argue that the most successful language learning environments are those in which, from the beginning, the target language is the principal channel through which the learners’ agency flows: the communicative and metacognitive medium through which, individually and collaboratively, they plan, execute, monitor and evaluate their own learning. I describe in some detail the communicative and metacognitive dynamic that shapes target language discourse in the autonomy classroom at lower secondary level before suggesting ways of creating the same dynamic in other contexts of formal language learning. I conclude by briefly considering the implications of my argument for empirical research.
Tiptoeing through the TULIPS: Aiming for Autonomy through Assessment in EFL Higher Education
Authors: Everhard Carol
Published: November 2021

Involving students in the assessment process can pose a challenge both to the learners and their instructors as it goes against the grain of the testing, assessment and evaluation (TEA) processes with which they are familiar. While the European Language Portfolio (ELP) encourages reflection on what has been learnt and self-evaluation of learning progress and achievements, using criteria checklists, it stops short of awarding real grades to peers and selves. Indeed, information about peer-assessment and self-assessment of the productive skills is scant, particularly with regard to EFL higher education (HE). Such moves towards assessment bring both the instructor and the learners to unfamiliar terrain, which must be carefully engineered and negotiated, like tiptoeing through a field of tulips, which requires Trust, Understanding and Learning through, and Investment in, Peer-assessment and Self-assessment processes. In this way, learners become less reliant on others to evaluate their progress, more self-directed and, ultimately, assume a greater degree of autonomy. Evidence from the Assessment for Autonomy Research Project (AARP), involving students in peer- and self-assessment of writing and speaking skills, using pre-determined assessment criteria checklists, seems to suggest that recalibration of assessment power can help promote autonomy amongst EFL students at HE level.