bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Persistence with Early-Line Abatacept versus Tumor Necrosis Factor-Inhibitors for Rheumatoid Arthritis Complicated by Poor Prognostic Factors
Authors: Han Xue , Lobo Francis , Broder Michael S , Chang Eunice , Gibbs Sarah N , Ridley David J , Yermilov Irina
Published: May 2021

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by joint swelling and destruction that leads to severe disability. There are no clear guidelines regarding the order of therapies. Gathering data on treatment patterns outside of a clinical trial setting can provide useful context for clinicians.

Objectives: To assess real-world treatment persistence in early-line abatacept versus tumor necrosis factor-inhibitors (TNFi) treated patients with RA complicated by poor prognostic factors (including anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies [ACPA] and rheumatoid factor [RF] seropositivity).

Methods: We performed a multi-center retrospective medical record review. Adult patients with RA complicated by poor prognostic factors were treated with either abatacept or TNFis as the first biologic treatment at the clinic. Poor prognostic factors included ACPA+, RF+, increased C-reactive protein levels, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate levels, or presence of joint erosions. We report 12-month treatment persistence, time to discontinuation, reasons for discontinuation, and risk of discontinuation between patients on abatacept versus TNFi. Select results among the subgroup of ACPA+ and/or RF+ patients are presented.

Results: Data on 265 patients (100 abatacept, 165 TNFis) were collected. At 12 months, 83% of abatacept patients were persistent versus 66.1% of TNFi patients (P=0.003). Median time to discontinuation was 1423 days for abatacept versus 690 days for TNFis (P=0.014). In adjusted analyses, abatacept patients had a lower risk of discontinuing index treatment due to disease progression (0.3 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.1-0.6], P=0.001). Among the subgroup of ACPA+ and/or RF+ patients (55 abatacept, 108 TNFis), unadjusted 12-month treatment persistence was greater (83.6% versus 64.8%, P=0.012) and median time to discontinuation was longer (961 days versus 581 days, P=0.048) in abatacept versus TNFi patients.

Discussion: Patients with RA complicated by poor prognostic factors taking abatacept, including the subgroup of patients with ACPA and RF seropositivity, had statistically significantly higher 12-month treatment persistence and a longer time to discontinuation than patients on TNFis.

Conclusions: In a real-world setting, RA patients treated with abatacept were more likely to stay on treatment longer and had a lower risk of discontinuation than patients treated with TNFis.
Mona Lisa de Leonardo da Vinci y la Flor de la Vida
Authors: Perez Enriquez Rafael , Perez-Enriquez Raul
Published: May 2021

En el mes de mayo de 2019 se cumplió el aniversario número quinientos del fallecimiento del Hombre Universal por excelencia: Leonardo de Vinci. Entre las muchas disciplinas que Leonardo cultivó están la pintura y otras formas de creación artística; sin embargo, su interés y curiosidad lo llevaron a abarcar un sinnúmero de ramas de la Ciencia: Matemática, Física, Ingeniería, Botánica, Anatomía, etc. El enfoque de Leonardo a todas ellas era integral; no podía separar el arte de la ciencia, ni la física de la ingeniería ni de la matemática. Por ello, hacemos un acercamiento geométrico a una de sus más famosas creaciones: La MonaLisa. El eje geométrico está representado por la llamada Flor de la Vida, que desde tiempos inmemoriales ha ocupado un lugar entre las culturas del mundo. En este trabajo se da cuenta de esta aproximación; describiendo una posible manera en la que Leonardo pudo haber hecho uso de la Flor de la Vida para lograr la armonía y balance de la Mona Lisa.
Sobre Estructuras de Dirac en Espacios Vectoriales
Authors: Ruíz Pantaleón José Crispín
Published: May 2021

Se presenta la definición de una estructura de Dirac en un espacio vectorial y algunos ejemplos de esta clase de estructura geométrica. Se motiva la definición desde el contexto de la teoría de circuitos utilizando un circuito eléctrico concreto cuyas corrientes eléctricas y voltajes están sujetas a las denominadas leyes de Kirchhoff.
Evaluación del programa emprendedor de Ingeniería en Gestión Empresarial en Tecnológico Superior de El Mante
Authors: Paz Pérez Daniel Eduardo
Published: May 2021

En un trabajo exploratorio y descriptivo del tipo transversal se buscó reconocer las actividades que promueven el emprendimiento en los estudiantes de la carrera de Ingeniería en Gestión Empresarial ofrecida desde el año 2009 por un instituto regional dependiente del Tecnológico Nacional de México; a través de un análisis bibliométrico utilizando diferentes bases de datos científicas se encontraron estudios recientes referidos en forma exclusiva a los siguientes temas: “actividades de emprendimiento”, “metodologías de emprendimiento” y “programas de emprendimiento”; el fenómeno se analizó desde la Teoría General de Sistemas utilizando el método documental sistémico-estructural-funcional y técnicas cualitativas de análisis como grupo nominal para identificar las competencias emprendedoras del perfil de egreso y las actividades que promueven el emprendimiento en los estudiantes; el resultado permite identificar dos competencias emprendedoras y las actividades que la academia realiza para su promoción. Se obtienen conclusiones sobre la insuficiencia de las actividades incluidas en el programa emprendedor del ITSMante para la formación del perfil que se busca en los estudiantes de la carrera y se realizan propuestas de incorporación a dicho programa.
Beethoven en la cultura popular: de los Beatles a Tin Tán
Authors: Pérez Lima Montserrat
Published: May 2021

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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE ADVANTAGES AND RISKS OF BASIC INDEX AND RESOURCE METHODS OF ESTIMATED PRICING
Authors:   candidate of economic Sciences, senior pricing Manager, strategic project management Department, PJSC «MMC «NORILSK NICKEL», Moscow, Russian Federation, BOKACHEV R. A. , OLENINA О. A. ,   candidate of economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Economics of Transport Infrastructure and Construction Business Management, Institute of Economics and Finance, Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Moscow, Russian Federation, STUPNIKOVA E. A. ,   candidate of economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Economics of Transport Infrastructure and Construction Business Management, Institute of Economics and Finance, Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: May 2021

In connection with the reform of pricing and the transition from the basic index method to the resource method, the article analyzes the algorithms for applying these methods, indicating the distinctive features and features.
HUMAN CAPITAL OF THE ENTERPRISE: ITS MEASUREMENT AND ACCOUNTING FOR INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT OF EFFICIENCY OF TOTAL CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
Authors:   Doctor of Economics, Professor, Academy of Social Management, Moscow, Russian Federation, DADASHEV A. Z.
Published: May 2021

The article discusses the human capital of the individual and the total human capital of the enterprise, approaches to their measurement and assessment of the effectiveness of managing total capital, including assets and total human capital.
INTEGRATION OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ASPECTS TO THE PROCESS OF JUSTIFICATION OF INVESTMENT DECISIONS
Authors:   Postgraduate Student, Business Analytics Department, Faculty of Taxes, Audit and Business Analysis, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, PASHIGOREV M. O.
Published: May 2021

The article examines the validity of investment decisions based on the study of the analysis and assess-ment of the significance of the impact of ESG factors on the sustainable development of companies. It also examines the effectiveness of the investment decisions made based on the assessment and analysis of indi-cators of reports on sustainable development of economic entities of the Russian Federation.
TAX COMPLIANCE CONTROL AS A TOOL TO PROTECT AGAINST TAX RISKS
Authors:   associate Professor of the Department of Accounting and Taxation, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation, AKSENOVA A. A. , KONOVALENKO I. E. ,   Senior Lecturer of the Department of accounting and taxation, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: May 2021

The article discusses the importance of tax compliance control as one of the tools to protect entrepre-neurs from tax risks. The article presents different points of view of modern economists who study the role of compliance control in organizations, as well as justifies the need and describes the possible benefits of im-plementing this system.
METHODOLOGICAL SUPPLY OF INTERNAL CONTROL OVER AN AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTION’S ACTIVITY
Authors:   Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Accounting and Taxation, Russian University of Economics named after G. V. Plekhanov, Moscow, Russian Federation Associate Professor of the Audit and Corporate Reporting Department, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, TURISHCHEVA T. B.
Published: May 2021

The article examines the methodology of internal control over an autonomous institution’s activity, groups the procedural aspects and methods of verification, forms the author's position on internal control procedures and justifies proposals for the methodology of developing internal control procedures.
INFLUENCE OF BIG DATA ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING
Authors:   candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor of the KPMG department, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, ROZHKOVA D. Yu.
Published: May 2021

Continuous advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning, combined with big data analytics, increase the risk of computerization and the disappearance of a wide range of professionals, including accountants and management accountants. The article discusses the fact of emergence of data scientist specialists, as well as the prospects for the development of data analysis functions. Based on a data analysis methodology that takes into account the emergence of big data, we positioned management accounting specialists and data analysts based on their functionality and data used. It was concluded that today data analyst functionality complements the skills and knowledge of accountants. However, the further vector of development will depend on the needs of an enterprise and development of analytical methods and information products.
PRACTICE OF APPLICATION OF THE NEW RULES OF ACCOUNTING AND CONTROL OF STOCKS IN THE ACTIVITIES OF INDUSTRIAL ENTITIES
Authors:   Associate Professor at the Department of Statistics, Marketing and Accounting, Moscow University for the Humanities, Moscow, Russian Federation, MELEKHINA T. I. , SEDOVA E. I. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Industrial and Financial management, Russian State Geological Prospecting University name Sergo Ordzhonikidzе, Moscow, Russian Federation, KARPOVA I. F. ,   senior lecturer of the Basic Department of Financial Control, Analysis and Audit of the Moscow City State Administration Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: May 2021

The article discusses the innovations in the application of the domestic standard for accounting for re-serves and their control, which entered into force on 01.01.2021. Issues related to the use of this standard in the activities of organizations are investigated, the practical implementation of the FSBU 5/2019 requirement on the assessment of reserves after their recognition, which boils down to determining the value at which the reserves will be reflected in the accounting (financial) statements.
ON THE ISSUE OF IMPROVING CONTROL (AUDIT)
Authors:   Master of the Department of Compliance and Controlling, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation, SAVEL'EV A. N. , TIBILOV V. F. ,   Master of the Department of Compliance and Controlling, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation, IVANCHENKO N. Sh. ,   Senior Lecturer of the Department of Compliance and Controlling, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to the development of a system of control (audit) and compliance in the context of a pandemic. The issues of organizational, legal and methodological support, automation of the activities of control bodies are considered.
Generalized connectedness and separation axioms of Minkowski space
Authors:   DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS FACULTY OF ARTS AND SCIENCES SAKARYA UNIVERSITY SAKARYA, 54187 TURKEY E-mail address: sersoy@sakarya.edu.tr, ERSOY SOLEY , BILGIN MERVE ,   DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS FACULTY OF ARTS AND SCIENCES SAKARYA UNIVERSITY SAKARYA, 54187 TURKEY E-mail address: merve.bilgin2@ogr.sakarya.edu.tr
Published: May 2021

In this study, we investigate the generalized connectedness of Minkowski space endowed with s−topology and obtain that MS is α−connected but not semi, β and b−connected. Moreover, we study separation axioms in Minkowski space and show that MS is α, semi, b, β and pre−Ti (i = 0, 1/2, 1, 2, 5/2) space.
Self-Made
Authors: Fitoussi Jean-Paul
Published: May 2021

How do we choose? None of us knows. What is known precisely is not complete, and what is known completely is not precise. In thinking about choice, Richard Robb defines a category of actions undertaken for their own sake, which “are neither rational nor irrational, but rather one-time acts of will that no one, not even the individual who undertakes them, can predict.”
Contact Tracing and Consequences
Authors: Kulldorff Martin
Published: May 2021

COVID-19 contact tracing programs are eroding trust between the public and public health agencies—with potential dire consequences for future disease outbreaks in which contact tracing could be critical.
Aerodynamics Analysis of Grid Fins Inner Lattice Structure in Cruise Missile
Authors: Dol Sharul Sham
Published: May 2021

Grid fins are normally placed at the rear end of cruise missiles, rockets and other ballistic devices to control their trajectory especially at the final stage of flight. These fins provided fine control of the pitch, yaw and other lateral movements, allowing for higher stability and accuracy of the cruise missiles. This project investigates computationally the relation between grid fins inner lattice structures dimensionless parameters and the fins aerodynamics drag coefficient. The project gathered data from 12 different fins by varying the parameters of its internal lattice structure such as thickness, width and chord at various angles of attack (0°, 20° and 40°). The freestream was set at a constant speed of 150 m/s that gives Reynolds number > 1.7 x 106 . The results were experimentally compared by using a re-scaled model of a single fin in a sub-sonic wind tunnel, achieving a difference in results of not exceeding 6%. The results obtained that as the width-chord ratio increases, the aerodynamics drag coefficient increases for fixed thickness-width ratio. The results also demonstrated that as the angle of attack increases, the aerodynamics drag increases. The thickness-width ratio has the larger impact on the aerodynamics drag. The results can be used to improve the design of guided cruise missiles.
Bibliometrics EEG Metrics Associations and Connections Between Military Medicine and the Differentiate Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Authors: Stefanidis Vasileios , Papavlasopoulos Sozon , Poulos Marios , Bardis Nikos
Published: May 2021

In this paper we investigate the bibliometric association and connection between Electroencephalography (EEG) metrics of human brain and connections between military medicine and the post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In EEG metrics included various metrics used from scientists in order to map the brain activity. Inrecent years there has been an increasingly amount of data connect EEG metrics with PTSD and military medicine. Due to breakthroughs in biology and bioinformatics, more and more data are stored in various large databases as biomedical databases. In recent years, biomedical information has become the center of research, and its data volume has continued to grow. Therefore, obtaining effective information from scientists has become increasingly challenging. As a new scientific field of bioinformatics, new tools and applications are needed to extract important scientific data based on experimental results and information provided by papers and journals. In this paper we are going to investigate methods based in acustom made IT system, more specifically a programmable in Python toolin order to find connections between the differentiate post traumatic stress disorder and the brain operation and signaling. This IT system could become a useful tool against the struggle of scientists and medicalprofessionalsin the near future.
Pembelajaran Matematika melalui Permainan Tradisional pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Nur Inayah Syar  , Dilla  , Gito Supriadi
Published: May 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui proses pelaksanaan, faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran matematika melalui permainan tradisional serta pengetahuan siswa tentang jenis-jenis bangun datar di Sekolah Dasar Negeri 2 Kuala Pembuang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif, teknik pengumpulan data melalui teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Subjek penelitian adalah kelas 2A dan 2B. Data penelitian dianalisis dengan teknik analisis data model Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) Pelaksanaan pembelajaran matematika melalui permainan tradisional pada siswa meliputi: penyampaian tujuan pembelajaran; hompimpa; penyiapan alat dan bahan permainan tradisional; penjelasan aturan permainan; pemberian contoh; pelaksanaan permainan; pemberian semangat; evaluasi; 2) Faktor yang mendukung pelaksanaan pembelajaran matematika melalui permainan tradisional adalah sarana dan prasarana yaitu adanya halaman yang luas sangat mendukung, dan dukungan kepala sekolah. Faktor penghambat pelaksanaannya adalah keterbatasan waktu, kegiatan yang banyak dan jumlah anak yang bermain besar; 3) Permainan tradisional meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa tentang macam-macam bangun datar seperti segitiga, trapesium, belah ketupat, dan lingkaran.
Penerapan Layanan Bimbingan Kelompok dengan Menggunakan Permainan untuk Membantu Meningkatkan Penerimaan Diri Siswa
Authors: Ulan Arni , Idris Idriani , Alwi Nurul Maulida
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan teknik permainan melalui bimbingan kelompok dalam meningkatkan penerimaan diri siswa kelas  VII SMP Negeri 8 Makassar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Kualitatif terhadap 10 subjek penelitian yang merupakan siswa kelas VII di SMP Negeri 8 Makassar. Pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan instrument observasi. Analisis data menggunakan deskriptif komparatif membandingkan kondisi awal dengan siklus kedua. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada peningkatan yang berarti signifikan yaitu penerapan teknik permainan dalam bimbingan kelompok dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan penerimaan diri siswa kelas VII di SMP Negeri 8 Makassar. Hal ini terbukti dari keberhasilan siswa dalam mengikuti kegiatan bimbingan kelompok  pada siklus pertama ke siklus kedua meningkat dari tinggi menjadi sangat tinggi dan dari kondisi awal dengan kategori sedang meningkat ke siklus 2 dengan kategori sangat tinggi .
Effect of a Succinate-Containing Drug on the Blood Leukocyte Composition in Rats at Rest and During a Weight-Loaded Forced Swimming Test
Authors:   Institute of Physiology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Rubtsova Lidiya Yu. , Mongalev Nikolay P. , Vakhnina Nadezhda A. , Shadrina Vera D. , Boyko Evgeniy R. , Chupakhin Оleg N. ,   I.Ya. Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: May 2021

This paper studied the dynamics of the blood leukocyte composition in Wistar male rats at rest and when swimming with a weight before and after being administered a succinate-containing drug (Suc, meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid). Two control groups of animals kept in standard vivarium conditions were selected: those that received Suc 12 hours before the examination (VivC+Suc) and those that did not receive it (VivC). Similarly, two groups of animals were formed that were swimming with a load (4 % of their body weight) to exhaustion: those that received the drug 12 hours before the test (Swim4%+Suc) and those that did not receive it (Swim4%). Unidirectional shifts characterizing the morphofunctional state of white blood cells under experimental conditions were detected. In VivC+Suc animals, compared to VivC, we found an increase in the number of leukocytes due to the growing number of eosinophils and monocytes, large lymphocytes and microlymphocytes with a relative decrease in the number of small lymphocytes and an unchanged level of granulocytes with a tendency towards a decrease in the number of stab neutrophils. In the Swim4%+Suc group, compared to the Swim4%, changes in the number of white blood cells and their subpopulation composition manifested themselves in a similar way to the redistribution of immunocytes identified in the control groups. The increase in the neutrophilto-lymphocyte ratio in the Swim4%+Suc group as an indicator of stress tolerance corresponded to the increase in the swimming time of rats by the factor of 2.8. The differences in the blood cell composition between the VivC+Suc and VivC groups are viewed as the influence of Suc on the body’s preparation to the fulfilment of the protective function under physical load, since the distribution pattern of the blood leukocyte composition in rats from the VivC+Suc group is very similar to that of the Swim4%+Suc group. The practical significance of this study is associated with the search for new biologically active substances that optimally influence the immune system of animals under increased load. New data on the mechanism of blood redistribution in animals under the action of Suc before the swimming test can be used to study the manifestation patterns of acute adaptation effect. For citation: Rubtsova L.Yu., Mongalev N.P., Vakhnina N.A., Shadrina V.D., Chupakhin O.N., Boyko E.R. Effect of a Succinate-Containing Drug on the Blood Leukocyte Composition in Rats at Rest and During a Weight-Loaded Forced Swimming Test. Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 2021, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 182–191. DOI: 10.37482/2687-1491-Z056
INTER-PARLIAMENTARY COOPERATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN AND THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA: MODERN TRENDS
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Oriental Studies, Uzbekistan, NIKOLAEVA PhD Kamila
Published: May 2021

Today the Republic of Korea is a country with steadily and harmonious growing economy; it is a country whose positions in global rankings have high indicators. Analysts study the experience of the economic growth of the Republic of Korea, measures to overcome the crisis, the successful implementation of economic and political reforms that have led to a leading position in the international community. This experience is very important for Uzbekistan as well.
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SIMILES IN UZBEK AND KOREAN LANGUAGES AND THE SYMBOLIC MEANING OF ANIMALS USED IN SIMILE EXPRESSIONS
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Oriental studies, Uzbekistan, MINYOUNG Jo
Published: May 2021

This thesis explains the characteristics of the simile concept and application of Uzbek and Korean, and the differences and similarities between the objects used as simile auxiliary ideas in Uzbek and Korean through simile example sentences. Humans have been vividly and efficiently expressing parts and various thoughts that are difficult to speak directly through the method of simile within a limited vocabulary for a long time. In particular, it can be seen that expressing animals, plants, and nature, which have always been together since the beginning of humanity, in relation to simile objects, occurs frequently in everyday life and in literary works. For a long time, many scholars around the world have found that metaphors are indispensable and important tools in human cognitive activity, and in particular, representing animals that are closest to humans is very effective in the way humans communicate.
Cognitive strategies for managing cheating: The roles of cognitive abilities in managing moral shortcuts
Authors: Galil Avshalom , Gidron Maor , Yarmolovsky Jessica , Geva Ronny
Published: May 2021

Cheating and immorality are highly researched phenomena, likely due to their great impact. However, little research has examined the real-time cognitive mechanisms that are involved in cheating and conflict management. Much of the cheating research to date concentrates on binary cheating; however, in more prevalent real-world scenarios, people often engage in more ambiguous self-serving mistakes. To execute such self-serving decisions, one may make use of conflict-management strategies to help balance an internal struggle between gain and self-concept. We propose that to enact such strategies one must employ sufficient cognitive resources. To test this, we employed a simple effortful control task that allows for comparisons of gain and no-gain errors, isolating self-serving mistakes while recording gaze and response-time measures. Findings revealed that individuals can make use of conflict management strategies that mimicked errors made inadvertently. Two strategies included gaze avert and quick response times during gain blocks, whereby participants simulated out-of-control-like behaviors while engaging in self-serving mistakes, plausibly as a method of self-justification. Strategy use was dependent upon individuals' cognitive abilities. Participants reporting high inhibitory control abilities were able to use gaze aversion to engage in self-serving mistakes, while those reporting high attention resources were able to employ faster response times when making more profitable errors. Taken together, this paper contributes to (1) the debate on whether honesty/dishonesty is the dominant response, (2) the debate on self-control and inhibition on cheating, and (3) the understudied area of cognitive justifications to maintain a positive self-concept.
BULGARIAN VERNACULAR ACCENT PECULIARITIES IN DIALECTOLOGICAL DESCRIPTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL REVIVAL PERIOD
Authors: MITSKOVA Maria
Published: May 2021

The following article examines the accentual peculiarities in the Bulgarian vernacular from the second and third quarters of the 19th century as described in the dialectological publications from the same period. Bulgarian 19th-century writers go beyond the field area of recognizing and analyzing the phonetic nature of the Bulgarian dynamic accent and its effect on vowels and comment on a number of phonetic processes and phenomena, regarded as a result of the functioning of the word stress. They discuss the reduction of unstressed vowels in Eastern Bulgarian dialects, set out the Yat rule, and draw attention to the connection between Yat mutation and word stress. In their publications a number of accentual peculiarities are revealed, such as: the fixed secondary and tertiary stress in some Southwestern Bulgarian dialects, shifting the stress from the root syllable to the flexion in the definite forms of disyllabic words – a special phonetic feature in the mass of Southwestern and Rup Bulgarian dialects. In their attempts to present the diversity of the spoken language and to conceptualize it as a cultural value and a linguistic source, they present hundreds of examples which visualize the variety of local pronunciations, as well as the word-stock of the entire Bulgarian language. Their work is a valuable contribution both to the history of the Bulgarian vernacular and to the history of the Bulgarian dialectology from the 19th century.
PERSONAL NAMES IN THE POLISH, SLOVAKIAN, AND CZECH ANTHROPONYMIC SYSTEMS DERIVED FROM A LATIN NAME THAT DENOTES A PLANT
Authors: PETKOVA Gergana , IVANOVA Vanya
Published: May 2021

The research object of the present text is Polish, Slovakian, and Czech personal names derived from a name which is Latin by origin and denotes a plant. The main aim is to present their full list as well as their initial meaning.
Specialized anthroponymic dictionaries are used as the main source of information for excerpting the researched anthroponyms. All of them contain information not only about the different name forms, but also about their etymology, origin, and canonization.
The researched anthroponyms are divided into three major groups according to: 1) the meaning of the appellative (i. e. a thematic classification); 2) the type of the basic word (i. e. if the researched anthroponym is derived directly from an appellative or via another anthroponym (in this case a Roman gentile name or a Neolatin name)); 3) their canonization.
All personal names included in this research are a part of the modern Polish, Slovakian, and Czech anthroponymicons, even though they represent a small group with relatively infrequent usage, the initial meaning of which is not completely clear to everybody nowadays. That is why it is of great importance to reveal the basic appellative.
CHALLENGES IN EDITING POLITICALLY ORIENTED ARTICLES AND ABSTRACTS IN BULGARIAN SCIENTIFIC PERIODICALS
Authors: GEORGIEVA Gergana
Published: May 2021

The article discusses some major challenges in editing articles and abstracts with a political focus in English in Bulgarian scientific periodicals. It happens that many of the terms in articles and abstracts that deal with issues affecting legislation in the European Union (EU) are not standardized or codified, as some phenomena have not existed in the language so far. The specific "Eurojargon" used by policymakers easily finds a place in articles and abstracts on the European Union. Sometimes, due to lack of time, journalists use phrases that are adopted by the Brussels administration without thinking about clarifying them to listeners and readers, and perhaps without fully understanding them themselves. Many institutions are aware that such a "European" language is widening the gap between the institutions in Brussels and the citizens of Europe. Due to the complex language of the EU, more and more often the editor, as well as the citizen, finds themselves in a situation where they are clearly aware that communication is impossible. Addressing these challenges could be supported not only through official documents translated into our native language but also through conferences, round tables, discussions on the topic and various government initiatives to fund projects with the inevitable assistance of professionals and linguists in the field of mass communications.
THE FUTURE OF SCIENTIFIC PERIODICALS IN BULGARIAN MUSEUMS – THE SCIENTIFIC-AND-APPLIED ASPECT
Authors: STANKOVA Maria , MARKOVSKA Simana
Published: May 2021

The current research opens a discussion about the status of the scientific periodicals in Bulgarian museums in view of the opportunities for its future enrichment in terms of content and fields of application. The focus is on presenting the initiatives of Bulgarian Regional Museums, with an accent on the Regional Historical Museum of Kyustendil. On the basis of a thorough review of its publications and their thematic range, the potential of museum periodicals has been explored in relation to the dual character of the museum – as an institution which collects, studies, keeps and preserves heritage, and at the same time presents it to various audiences. The main research goal has been set towards the identification of various practices for transforming the effect of the periodicals from purely scientific into scientific-and-applied, encouraging the promotion of the museum activities and improving the interaction with museum audiences. In terms of methodology, the team has worked with traditional approaches such as analysis and synthesis, comparison, abstraction, induction and deduction, summarization, and building presumptions. Conclusions have been drawn concerning the character of the periodicals published by Bulgarian museums, in view of involving more actively museum audiences in the future.
ON “NARCISSISM“ IN POETRY. ON TWO CONTEMPORARY SLOVAK AUTHORS
Authors: DIMOVA Irena
Published: May 2021

The proposed article examines two problems – the poetic formations (generations and groups) and the manifestations of "narcissism" in poetry. Two Slovak authors, representatives of different literary formations, are analyzed - Michal Habaj of the so-called Text Generation and Katarína Kucbelová of the ANesthetic Generation. Both their affiliation to these creative associations and the nature of the latter is discussed. In order to understand these literary phenomena, we use Karl Mannheim’s concept of generation and Michał Głowiński’s approach to literary groups. The interpretation of selected texts by the two poets is based on the view of contemporary culture as a "culture of narcissism" (Kr. Lash) and on the reflection on this concept, which we find in a literary-critical article by Katarína Kucbelová herself on Michal Habaj. Her reflection on the fragile boundary between narcissism as a theme and narcissism as deficiency of interpreted work we try to apply on her own poetry texts. The selected poems are from her poetry book “Duals” (Duály), which identifies her as part of the so-called ‘new sincerity’ in Slovak literature. In her texts, Katarína Kucbelová thematizes the closure of the lyrical self within its own existence, in which the presence of the other is allowed only as a concept or an idea. Michal Habaj's experimentalism in “Poems for Dead Girls” (Básne pre mŕtve dievčatá), on the other hand, "opens" his textual world, binds him to many discourses and distances him from the self.
Quarantine Practices during Covid-19: Current Experiences and Strategic Prevention from Future Pandemics
Authors: Navid MT , Raza S , Rasheed MA
Published: May 2021

This century has faced various pandemics within the couple of decades. These pandemics knocked global public health systems and opened up the gaps to grasp these outbreaks. Quarantine or isolation of the susceptible individuals is an ancient technique that has been proven very effective. This technique is however not practiced accurately for current pandemic of COVID-19, due to which the COVID-19 infection is re-occurring in most part of the world.
The Dark World: A Tale of WASP-43b in Reflected Light with HST WFC3/UVIS
Authors: Fraine Jonathan , Mayorga L. C. , Stevenson Kevin B. , Lewis Nikole K. , Kataria Tiffany , Bean Jacob L. , Bruno Giovanni , Fortney Jonathan J. , Kreidberg Laura , Morley Caroline V. , Mouawad Nelly C , Todorov Kamen O. , Parmentier Vivien , Wakeford Hannah , Feng Y. Katherina , Kilpatrick Brian M. , Line Michael R.
Published: May 2021

Optical reflected light eclipse observations provide a direct probe of exoplanet scattering properties, such as from aerosols. We present here the photometric reflected light observations of WASP-43b using the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) WFC3/UVIS instrument with the F350LP filter (346–822 nm) encompassing the entire optical band. This is the first reflected light photometric eclipse using UVIS in scanning mode; as such, we further detail our scanning extraction and analysis pipeline Arctor. Our HST WFC3/UVIS eclipse light curve for WASP-43b derived a 3σ upper limit of 67 ppm on the eclipse depth, which implies that WASP-43b has a very dark dayside atmosphere. With our atmospheric modeling campaign, we compared our reflected light constraints with predictions from global circulation and cloud models benchmarked with HST and Spitzer observations of WASP-43b. We infer that we do not detect clouds on the dayside within the pressure levels probed by HST WFC3/UVIS with the F350LP filter (P > 1 bar). This is consistent with the general circulation model predictions based on previous WASP-43b observations. Dayside emission spectroscopy results from WASP-43b with HST and Spitzer observations are likely to not be significantly affected by contributions from cloud particles.
KMT-2019-BLG-1715: Planetary Microlensing Event with Three Lens Masses and Two Source Stars
Authors: Han Cheongho , Udalski Andrzej , Kim Doeon , Kil Jung Youn , Lee Chung-Uk , Bond Ian A. ,   (Leading authors), Albrow Michael D. , Chung Sun-Ju , Gould Andrew , Hwang Kyu-Ha , Kim Hyoun-Woo , Ryu Yoon-Hyun , Shin In-Gu , Shvartzvald Yossi , Zang Weicheng , Yee Jennifer C. , Cha Sang-Mok , Kim Dong-Jin , Kim Seung-Lee , Lee Dong-Joo , Lee Yongseok , Park Byeong-Gon , Pogge Richard W. , Kim Chun-Hwey , Kim Woong-Tae ,   (The KMTNet Collaboration), Mróz Przemek , Szymański Michał K. , Skowron Jan , Poleski Radek , Soszyński Igor , Pietrukowicz Paweł , Kozłowski Szymon , Ulaczyk Krzysztof , Rybicki Krzysztof A. , Iwanek Patryk , Wrona Marcin , Gromadzki Mariusz ,   (The OGLE Collaboration), Abe Fumio , Barry Richard , Bennett David P. , Bhattacharya Aparna , Donachie Martin , Fujii Hirosane , Fukui Akihiko , Itow Yoshitaka , Hirao Yuki , Kirikawa Rintaro , Kondo Iona , Cheung Alex Li Man , Matsubara Yutaka , Muraki Yasushi , Miyazaki Shota , Ranc Clément , Rattenbury Nicholas J. , Satoh Yuki , Shoji Hikaru , Suematsu Haruno , Sumi Takahiro , Suzuki Daisuke , Tanaka Yuzuru , Tristram Paul J. , Yamakawa Takeharu , Yamawaki Tsubasa , Yonehara Atsunori ,   (The MOA Collaboration)
Published: May 2021

We investigate the gravitational microlensing event KMT-2019-BLG-1715, the light curve of which shows two short-term anomalies from a caustic-crossing binary-lensing light curve: one with a large deviation and the other with a small deviation. We identify five pairs of solutions, in which the anomalies are explained by adding an extra lens or source component in addition to the base binary-lens model. We resolve the degeneracies by applying a method in which the measured flux ratio between the first and second source stars is compared with the flux ratio deduced from the ratio of the source radii. Applying this method leaves a single pair of viable solutions, in both of which the major anomaly is generated by a planetary-mass third body of the lens, and the minor anomaly is generated by a faint second source. A Bayesian analysis indicates that the lens comprises three masses: a planet-mass object with ∼2.6 M
J and binary stars of K and M dwarfs lying in the galactic disk. We point out the possibility that the lens is the blend, and this can be verified by conducting high-resolution follow-up imaging for the resolution of the lens from the source.
EMPRESS. II. Highly Fe-enriched Metal-poor Galaxies with ∼1.0 (Fe/O)⊙ and 0.02 (O/H)⊙: Possible Traces of Supermassive (>300 M
⊙) Stars in Early Galaxies*

†

‡
Authors: Kojima Takashi , Ouchi Masami , Rauch Michael , Ono Yoshiaki , Nakajima Kimihiko , Isobe Yuki , Fujimoto Seiji , Harikane Yuichi , Hashimoto Takuya , Hayashi Masao , Komiyama Yutaka , Kusakabe Haruka , Kim Ji Hoon , Lee Chien-Hsiu , Mukae Shiro , Nagao Tohru , Onodera Masato , Shibuya Takatoshi , Sugahara Yuma , Umemura Masayuki , Yabe Kiyoto
Published: May 2021

We present element abundance ratios and ionizing radiation of local young low-mass (∼106
M
⊙) extremely metal-poor galaxies (EMPGs) with a 2% solar oxygen abundance (O/H)⊙ and a high specific star formation rate (sSFR ∼ 300 Gyr−1) and other (extremely) metal-poor galaxies, which are compiled from Extremely Metal-Poor Representatives Explored by the Subaru Survey (EMPRESS) and the literature. Weak emission lines such as [Fe iii] λ4658 and He ii
λ4686 are detected in very deep optical spectra of the EMPGs taken with 8 m class telescopes, including Keck and Subaru, enabling us to derive element abundance ratios with photoionization models. We find that neon-to-oxygen and argon-to-oxygen ratios are comparable to those of known local dwarf galaxies and that the nitrogen-to-oxygen abundance ratios (N/O) are lower than 20% (N/O)⊙, consistent with the low oxygen abundance. However, the iron-to-oxygen abundance ratios (Fe/O) of the EMPGs are generally high; the EMPGs with the 2%-solar oxygen abundance show high Fe/O ratios of ∼90%–140% (Fe/O)⊙, which are unlikely to be explained by suggested scenarios of Type Ia supernova iron productions, iron’s dust depletion, and metal-poor gas inflow onto previously metal-riched galaxies with solar abundances. Moreover, the EMPGs with the 2%-solar oxygen abundance have very high He ii
λ4686/Hβ ratios of ∼1/40, which are not reproduced by existing models of high-mass X-ray binaries with progenitor stellar masses <120 M
⊙. Comparing stellar-nucleosynthesis and photoionization models with a comprehensive sample of EMPGs identified by this and previous EMPG studies, we propose that both the high Fe/O ratios and the high He ii
λ4686/Hβ ratios are explained by the past existence of supermassive (>300 M
⊙) stars, which may evolve into intermediate-mass black holes (≳100 M
⊙).
FOXSI-2 Solar Microflares. II. Hard X-ray Imaging Spectroscopy and Flare Energetics
Authors: Vievering Juliana T. , Glesener Lindsay , Athiray P. S. , Buitrago-Casas Juan Camilo , Musset Sophie , Ryan Daniel F. , Ishikawa Shin-nosuke , Duncan Jessie , Christe Steven , Krucker Säm
Published: May 2021

We study the nature of energy release and transfer for two sub-A class solar microflares observed during the second Focusing Optics X-ray Solar Imager (FOXSI-2) sounding rocket flight on 2014 December 11. FOXSI is the first solar-dedicated instrument to utilize focusing optics to image the Sun in the hard X-ray (HXR) regime, sensitive to energies of 4–20 keV. Through spectral analysis of the microflares using an optically thin isothermal plasma model, we find evidence for plasma heated to ∼10 MK and emission measures down to ∼1044 cm−3. Though nonthermal emission was not detected for the FOXSI-2 microflares, a study of the parameter space for possible hidden nonthermal components shows that there could be enough energy in nonthermal electrons to account for the thermal energy in microflare 1, indicating that this flare is plausibly consistent with the standard thick-target model. With a solar-optimized design and improvements in HXR focusing optics, FOXSI-2 offers approximately five times greater sensitivity at 10 keV than the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array for typical microflare observations and allows for the first direct imaging spectroscopy of solar HXRs with an angular resolution at scales relevant for microflares. Harnessing these improved capabilities to study small-scale events, we find evidence for spatial and temporal complexity during a sub-A class flare. This analysis, combined with contemporaneous observations by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory, indicates that these microflares are more similar to large flares in their evolution than to the single burst of energy expected for a nanoflare.
Revised Best Estimates for the Age and Mass of the Methuselah Star HD 140283 Using MESA and Interferometry and Implications for 1D Convection
Authors: Tang 汤 Jianling 健羚 , Joyce Meridith
Published: May 2021

In light of recently revised observational measurements of the radius and spectroscopic parameters of the extremely old and metal-poor Gaia benchmark star HD 140283—also known as the Methuselah star due to prior suggestions that its age is in tension with the age of the universe—we present new, best estimates for the star’s mass and age from stellar modeling. These are derived using 1D stellar evolutionary tracks computed with MESA and the most up-to-date measurements from CHARA interferometry. Excluding modeling variance from the uncertainties, we report a mass of 0.809 ± 0.001 M
⊙ and an age of 12.01 ± 0.05 Gyr (1σ). When dominant sources of modeling uncertainty are taken into account, we report 0.81 ± 0.05 M
⊙ and 12 ± 0.5 Gyr, respectively. These results are consistent with recent literature, and the best-fitting age is not in conflict with the currently accepted age of the universe (13.5 Gyr).
Morphology and sexual dimorphism of living mature adults of Amphiduros fuscescens (Marenzeller, 1875) (Annelida, Hesionidae, Amphidurine), first reported for the Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Martin Daniel , Romano Chiara
Published: May 2021

To date, the genus Amphiduros (Annelida: Hesionidae: Amphidurine) is considered as monotypic. Its single species, Amphiduros fuscescens (Marenzeller, 1875), is well characterised by lacking proboscideal papillae and emerging acicular chaetae, as well as by having three antennae, eight pairs of tentacular cirri and inflated dorsal cirri with characteristic alternating length and colour (transparent, with median orange band and white tips) in live animals.

Three specimens, one male and two females, were found below boulders at 5–7 m depth in Punta Santa Anna, Blanes and Cala Maset, Sant Feliu de Guixols (Catalan Sea, NW Mediterranean, Iberian Peninsula). Our finding allowed us to describe different, unreported morphological traits and lead us to support the existence of sexual dimorphism (in terms of colouring, cirri morphology and distribution of sexual products along the body). Despite A. fuscescens having been previously reported from the Atlantic and the Mediterranean (particularly in SE French coasts), the specimens from Blanes represent the first record of the species from the Iberian Peninsula. In addition, our molecular results strongly support that Amphiduros pacificus Hartman, 1961 from California (currently synonymised with A. fuscescens) requires to be re-described and reinstalled as a valid species. In turn, our morphological observations support suggesting all other non-Mediterranean reports of A. fuscescens, including the species still under synonymy (i.e. Amphidrornus izukai Hessle, 1925 and Amphidromus setosus Hessle, 1925) as likely being a cryptic species complex whose the taxonomic status requires further assessment.
Notulae to the Italian native vascular flora: 11
Authors: Bartolucci Fabrizio , Domina Gianniantonio , Andreatta Sebastiano , Argenti Carlo , Bacchetta Gianluigi , Ballelli Sandro , Banfi Enrico , Barberis Davide , Barberis Giuseppina , Bedini Gianni , Bolpagni Rossano , Bonali Fabrizio , Bovio Maurizio , Briozzo Ian , Brusco Agostino , Caldarella Orazio , Campus Giuliano , Cancellieri Laura , Carotenuto Luciana , Cheli Emanuele , Dagnino Davide , Del Guacchio Emanuele , Farris Emmanuele , Ferretti Giulio , Filibeck Goffredo , Foggi Bruno , Gabellini Antonio , Galasso Gabriele , Gianguzzi Lorenzo , Gottschlich Günter , Gubellini Leonardo , Hofmann Nicole , Iamonico Duilio , Laface Valentina L. A. , Lonati Michele , Lucarini Domenico , Lupoletti Jacopo , Marchianò Roberto , Marenzi Paolo , Martignoni Marco , Mei Giacomo , Menini Flavio , Merli Marco , Musarella Carmelo M. , Orsenigo Simone , Peccenini Simonetta , Pennesi Riccardo , Peruzzi Lorenzo , Pica Antonio , Pinzani Lorenzo , Piovesan Gianluca , Pittarello Marco , Podda Lina , Ravetto Enri Simone , Roma-Marzio Francesco , Rosati Leonardo , Spampinato Giovanni , Stinca Adriano , Tonelli Sarah , Trenchi Maurizio , Turcato Claudia , Viciani Daniele , Lastrucci Lorenzo
Published: May 2021

In this contribution, new data concerning the distribution of native vascular flora in Italy are presented. It includes new records, confirmations, exclusions, and status changes to the Italian administrative regions. A new combination in the genus Pilosella is proposed. Nomenclatural and distribution updates, published elsewhere, and corrigenda are provided as Suppl. material 1.