bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urban Land Markets in Durres
Authors: Golgota Alma , Vrusho Boriana
Published: July 2017

After the fall of communist regime, Durres passed through an uncontrolled urban development and painful migration and emigration. Albania passed into process of transition from a centrally planned economy to a free-market based economy. Radical political, economic and social reforms had been undertaken. This means basic political and market institutions as well as the administrative, regulatory and policy frameworks required for a market economy had been developed. During the 1990’s Albania went through a transformation of its entire economy that changed civil society, ownership structures and the labor market. As in other cases happen in transition, Durres experienced many problems with self-employment in the informal sector and small commerce and industries. The lack of formal job opportunities stimulated emigration of the working active population to neighboring countries, such as Greece and Italy. This explains the volume of remittances that are regularly sent into the country. Also thousands of farmers have chosen to abandon their villages and settlements and seek opportunities in the city of Durres. The city became the focus of mass emigrations from Albania. Many people migrated to Italy and other countries. Very large rates of growth among the 1990’s, were result of increased movement of population to urban areas, which continued in high rates until 2003. The annual growth rate was 7%, but after 2003 it decreased in 1.4 % per year. Unemployment remains a big issue for the city of Durres, despite the progress that has taken place. The official rate of unemployment is 11%, but due to many unemployed persons who do not register as such, the unemployment rate is much higher (around 25%). Data from Standard Measurement Survey Living (VMNJ) in 2002 show that poverty rate is about 25 %.
Assessment of the Capital Structure and Cost of Capital Using Financial Indicators, the Case of Large Businesses in Albania
Authors: Luçi Edlira , Lleshaj Llesh
Published: July 2017

The assessment of capital cost and capital structure is a complex field of financial activities, integrating all long term decisions of financial funding. Difficulties arise especially when financial markets are not liquid, as in the case of Albania, in terms of a new market that is economically, politically, legally, and fiscally fragile. The purpose of this paper is to assess the capital structure and cost of capital for large businesses in Albania that have a 100% Albanian ownership. Financial analyzes are based on the 2013-2014 financial statements of 50 companies, within 5 most representative sectors of the economy. The performed analyzes are based on multivariate regressions and the application of financial formulas. According to estimates in Albania, it results that companies do not have an optimal structure of capital, and furthermore the diversification of capital structure is merely a theoretical concept. Therefore, businesses face a high cost of capital. Even their level of systemic risk "beta" ranks them with more risk. Consequently, these businesses will not be able to achieve exports of goods and services to compete in international markets.
Job Satisfaction of Social Service Workers in Penitentiary Institutions in Albania
Authors: Kume Enida
Published: July 2017

This study analyzes job satisfaction of Social Service Workers of Penitentiary Institutions in Albania. The overall job satisfaction of Social Service Workers of Penitentiary Institutions in Albania is associated with 12 variables. These variables are the most important among all the 24 variables that taken in consideration in this study. If these factors are considered carefully, then there will be a positive overall satisfaction of Social Service Workers of Penitentiary Institutions. This study gives a message to the employers of Penitentiary Institutions that if they want to improve job satisfaction of Social Service Workers then they have to consider the above 12 variables: recognition for good work, adequate remuneration for work, feel proud of job, satisfaction from non-financial rewards, motivated to work, job is meaningful, available opportunities for promotion, exchange of ideas between superior and subordinate, job evaluated reward, relationship –colleagues, training program regularly and satisfied with available opportunities. This study covers a wide range of independent variables that significantly influences job satisfaction of Social Service Workers of Penitentiary Institutions; however, referring to the limited number of data, this study fails to bring a complete and exhaustive evaluation picture on job satisfaction of social workers of Penitentiary Institutions in Albania.
Relationship of Emotional Inteligence and Emotional and Behavior Problems Scales of Children 10-12 Years Old – Parents Report
Authors: Fili Evis
Published: July 2017

The present study aimed at investigating the correlation of emotional intelligence total score and three broad band of emotional and behavior problems at 10-12 years old children. It was hypothesized that there will be negative relationship between scales. The sample included 236 children (123 or 52. 1% boys and 113 or 47. 9% girls), with a mean age of 11 years (SD. 835) (range: 10-12 years). 236 parents participated in the study, 92 of them or 39. 0 % were mothers, while only 144 of them or 61. 0 % were fathers. In the chi-square test, there were important differences reported in the distribution of the percentages of parent’s gender and their employment rates. The TEIQue-Child Form questionnaire, contains 75 items responded to on a 5-point scale and measures five distinct facets. Also the CBCL 6-18 years, was used emotional and behavior problems. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, Pearson correlation, and T-test, were used to explore and analyse the correlations of interest variables in the study on total EI and EB broad band scales. Correlation analysis mostly indicated low and negative but non-significant relationship between EI and EB scales, for all children and by gender. We did not found gender significant differences on EI total scores and EB broad band scale scores.
Prophetic Medicine (Al-Tibb Al-Nabawī): is Historicity or Fiction?
Authors: Ozturk Levent
Published: July 2017

At the present time, it is obvious that the attention to alternative, protective and complementary applications of medicine has increased and in this sense there is a special curiosity to the case, Prophetic Medicine “al-Tibb al-Nabawī”. The content of this literature known under the headline of Prophetic Medicine “al-Tibb al-Nabawī” that we come across from the 13th century, have not examined scientifically yet and it gains popularity as a reflection of love to Prophet Muhammad and Sunnah perception. Additionally, nowadays we increasingly witness to some treatment modalities and some herbal drugs associated to the Prophetic Medicine “al-Tibb al-Nabawī” and all these practices are given a different meaning (sacred). This situation did not only create information convergence which obstacle retaining historical facts in the correct way but also, more importantly gained a new dimension that threat human health through misinformation and false application. Multidimensional researches such as history of science, history of civilization researches, laboratory studies, and collaborative work and effort of committees that contains different approaches from different countries, are needed to evaluate the information that we come across under the name of Prophetic Medicine “al-Tibb al-Nabawī”. In this paper, we are going to try to argue what the concept of Prophetic Medicine “al-Tibb al-Nabawī” states, how the literature related to this area in the historical time streaming, and the content of it.
Generating Positive Orientation in Therapy or Consultation: A Perspective Through an Article Review on Positive Psychology
Authors: Aslan Mehmet
Published: July 2017

Psychology -considering a positive subjective, to some extend objective, practice of science- has been restrained and defined as a field advocated to pathological diseases, significantly when the queries for life are emerged together with feelings of desperation and pessimism, conjointly fruitfulness and senseless of life; psychological principles that we implement in therapy and consultation today weren`t much appreciated thus far. The preeminence of pathology concluded in a model of individual that is short of positive fundamentals like “hope, wisdom, creativity, future mindedness, courage, spirituality, responsibility, and perseverance” which are furthermore crucial for one`s psychological and physical well-being. Such values were disregarded or characterized as simple variations of credible negative motives. The authors are sketching an infrastructure as well as pointing our gaps in knowledge of positive psychology, and anticipating forthcoming future; expecting communities, societies, and individuals that will thrive through science and the key role of positive psychology.The aim of this study is to excavate principles, inquiries, and definitions of positive psychology to search for means and\or perspectives in generating positive orientation in regard with therapy and consultation, thus reviewing the article: “Positive Psychology, An Introduction” formed by two authors: Martin E. P. Seligman and Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi.
Corruption, the Challenge for Kosovo Institutions
Authors: Maliqi Reshat
Published: July 2017

The subject as per work, corruption, the challenge for Kosovo institutions, is broadly and actual theme that covers the theoretical and practical treatment. The corruption, which has been described as using the public power for certain purposes, is a very complex subject. Stands for the characteristics of many societies and states and for the last couple of years it has been understood as in great form present phenomenon within the countries in transition, within those which are undeveloped as well as with developed ones, and stands for an obstacle for democracy implementation. From a systematically point of view, corruption has caused, and it continues to do so, many concerns in all countries on Earth, and especially in Kosovo. In accordance to Transparency International report, corruption is one of the biggest challenges of contemporary world. The aim of the importance of studying of this problem through this subject is identifying the scope, structure and dynamics of this phenomenon; to analyse overall impact of general factors. In accordance to identification of corruption problems, local and international reports with of high level of this kind of criminal act, among other areas as well as per security issues, corruption has been seen as serious wound for our society. The justification of this work is logical consequence of corruption phenomenon in the Republic of Kosovo. The reason, consequences and the fight against the corruption is always the subject of numerous researches and conversation between researches, politicians and other actors dealing with this problem, not leaving aside the segment of civil society. These problems stand for the subject of study of this work from my point of view with the purpose of sharing the overall concern due to this phenomenon. During this study many different methodologies will be used, as well as the methodology of analyses of cases of corruption, method of comparative analyses, comparative methodology and statistical method of creation and fight against the corruption in Kosovo from 2012 – 2104. For fight and suppression of corruption, the society and institutions in Kosovo, among the prevention measures, would have to implement so far reached measures in criminalistics in accordance to contemporary trends in secure management. The final aim of this work is practical use of its results and statistics in society’s efforts to prevent, to limit or to eliminate the corruption phenomenon in Kosovo
The Stress in the Working Environment: A General Point of View of the Effects of Stress on the Productivity of Nurses
Authors: Sadiku(Alterziu) Violeta
Published: July 2017

The main focus of this study is the qualitative analysis of the phenomenon of stress and its influence on the productivity in the working environment. In order to create a clear point of view in the stress-productivity ratio, this study has been channeled in the profession of nurses. For this reason there were selected 8 nurses from the General Hospital in the city of Elbasan, from which 7 are females and 1 is a male. Every member underwent a structured interview, which contains 15 claims. From the analysis of the results it was concluded that the stress has a wide range of spreading and a considerable amount of influence among nurses and their productivity. Furthermore, there were identified some factors and sources of stress such as: the condition of the patients, the lack of working tools and medicaments, people’s irresponsibility, the lack of respect toward the hospital’s rules, misunderstandings, the work overload and the relationship with the colleagues. Towards the end of the study there are offered some recommendations for the stress management in the working environment, based on the elements which were evidenced from the data analysis
Aspects of Management and Road Maintenance in Albania
Authors: Golgota Alma , Bardhi Diana
Published: July 2017

Safety of road network is an essential part of economic and social development of any industrialized country. Decisions to maintain and improve the reliability, functionality and infrastructure structures can only be achieved through integrated planning and management life cycle routes. Always it has been a tendency to revise road maintenance strategies, but there is still a serious and reliable administration not only because of the shortage of funds, but also problems due to the reorganization of the system. Safety and performance of the road system depends on the continuous activity of road maintenance management. For it to be effective, it is necessary to intervene before depreciation has caused irreparable damages, or damages with a high economic cost of repairs. Investment in road infrastructure during 2006-2014 show that the life of these projects presents problems with maintenance and performance management life cycle in a wide range of component elements. Maintenance planning involves various problems that depend on the degree of degradation of the asphalt layers, the degree of deterioration of road structures (roads, tunnels, culverts, and economic planning of resources to repair them. The aim of this study is the first to provide a brief summary of the issues in the field of maintenance and management of the life cycle of investments in road infrastructure, proposing ways to reorganize the sector of management and maintenance of roads in the next and second testing and evaluation of the work and the nature of the standards are different types of road infrastructure projects, through a methodology consisting of a) development, b) collection of data, and c) analysis.
Adoption of the Joint Stock Company in British India: History and Patterns
Authors: Singh Anantdeep
Published: July 2017

The joint stock company was introduced to India in the late 17th century but only gained widespread usage in India during the 20th century. However, the adoption of the joint stock company was closely linked to family businesses and did not spread in a uniform manner across the population. This article will examine the spread of the joint stock company in India and look at four groups: Hindus, Muslims, non-conforming Muslims and Zoroastrians. We will suggest that the legal and business institutions of these four groups shaped their willingness to adopt the joint stock company.
Publication of Notices in a Procurement Procedure
Authors: Dobra Emalita
Published: July 2017

The Contract Notice is an extremely important part of the procurement process. It marks the commencement of the formal procurement process for a specific contract and notifies potential economic operators of the concrete opportunity to participate in the procurement process. To ensure as much competition as possible and to comply with the basic requirements for transparency, the Contract Notice must be drafted in a way that clearly describes the nature, scope and estimated value of the contract and how economic operators can apply to participate in the process. The Contract Notice must also be completed fully and correctly. Failure to draft a clear, complete and compliant Contract Notice could result in a disappointing level of competition, poor quality or inappropriate tenders, or a flawed procurement process that might have to be re-started. In cases when there is a need for correction or changing of the contract notice and all the subsequent information, another notice should be published. This implies a requirement to notify all potential tenderers of any revision so as not to favor one tenderer in particular. In any case, it is important to consider carefully the impact of any changes that the contracting authority proposes to refer to in the amending notice. There are no specified minimum and maximum time periods for publishing a Contract Notice, but there are statutory time limits that start on the date of dispatch of the Contract Notice
Invalidity Juridical Acts and Its Classification
Authors: Abduli Entela
Published: July 2017

Based on the kind of invalidity juridical acts and contracts in Albanian Law are generally classified in absolute and relative invalid acts. The difference between them and the consequences are defined in Albanian Civil Code. Invalidity of juridical as a very important aspect of rights was first mentioned in traditional albanian system of rules and then defined in Civil Code of 1929 of King Zogu “About juridical acts and obligations”,Civil Code of National Albanian Republic of 1981 and actual Civil Code of 1994. This work aims to analyze classification of invalid juridical acts and the elements that cause this invalidity. For this purpose are taken into consideration actual juridical literature, laws and their changes, Unified sentences of Supreme Tribunal Court and collected database from different courts. While analyzing this database the question that arises is: whether classification of invalid juridical acts is important in adjusting consequences derived from these acts.
Internationalisms: Do They Affect or Enrich the Modern Albanian Language?
Authors: Vasili Evis
Published: July 2017

Language is a symbol of cultural, national or state identity. For Albanians, language was and is the most important feature establishing their identity. The first attempts to codify the written Albanian language were distinguished since the second half of the nineteenth century by the Albanian scholars, who led the cultural movement "Albanian National Renaissance", where first of all we can mention Konstandin Kristoforidhi and Sami Frashëri. As an isolated Indo-European language, Albanian language is part of the Balkan linguistic connection. Although the Albanian language has not lost its origin, throughout its history it has proven and suffered interventions and major influences not only from the Indo-European but also from non-Indo-European languages. These influences are more directly reflected in the lexicon as the most fluid system of language. Like any other language, the Albanian language has responded to the demands of social development, changes in the field of production, technology, science, culture and so on by enriching and further developing its vocabulary, inter alia, by borrowing words from other languages. Language lexicon flows are larger than outflows and this explains the fact that the lexicon is expanded from generation to generation with new units. In general, there is a large number of words in Albanian language borrowed from Latin, Slavic languages in the south and Turkish. Most of the borrowed words such as anglicisms, germanisms, greecisms, italicisms etc are introduced in Albanian language in written form and orally, mainly in the last thirty years as a result of direct contact of Albanians with European and transatlantic countries, where they have lived and continue to live as immigrants, asylum seekers or workers. The number of foreign lexemes in Albanian language often differs from region to region and even from one person to another. Motivation of borrowing the words from a linguistic community, who regarding the cultural, technical and economic aspect prevails to the other community, is the desire and need to name new terms, objects and events, which are unknown in the language that takes these words. Borrowing new words for new issues also serves to cover linguistic requirements. However, taking foreign expressions does not necessarily show a sign of weakness; in a typical case there is a language enrichment, because new words are attributed to new things, new knowledge or new spiritual values. There are also cases when a word already exists in Albanian, but it is still replaced with the foreign word. In different circumstances both can be used. From this point of view, a question arises: What attitude should be taken for foreign words? Do foreign words enrich or spoil a language?
Relations Between Albanians and Croats Across the Centuries
Authors: Demiri Naile
Published: July 2017

The Balkan Peninsula is part of South Eastern Europe, with a surface area of 550 square kilometers and a population of nearly 55 million inhabitants. This is a corner of the Earth with a very attractive geography. It is shaped like a triangle and goes deep into the Mediterranean Sea. This peninsula is bordered with the Adriatic Sea, Ionian Sea, Marmaris Sea, Aegean Sea, and the Black Sea, whereas on the other part with Central Europe. The Balkan Peninsula is, or serves, as a connecting bridge between Europe and Asia. The countries of the Balkan Peninsula are: a part of Turkey, Greece, Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia, Macedonia, Kosovo, Albania, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina and part of Croatia (up to Sava River).
Organisation of Self-Government in the Republic of Macedonia
Authors: Fazliu Ramiz
Published: July 2017

The subject of this paper is the constitutional and legal regulation of local self-government system in the Republic of Macedonia, territorial division, the process of reforming and building this system since the independence of the Republic of Macedonia from the former federation of Yugoslavia. With the intention of functioning and materialization according to democratic principles, since the independence of Macedonia the system of local self-government has undergone through continuous reform process. These reforms first of all are mostly related to the territorial division of local self-government units, seeking the most appropriate model which would be appropriate to the general developments of Macedonia. In this paper is analyzed the role and the constitutional and legal position of local self-government units, in this case the municipality, as the only unit of local self-government, its legal status, competences, representative and executive bodies, financing and the process of decentralization. It is also analyzed the model of organization of local self-government in the city of Skopje, as a capital of the Republic, in the form of community of municipalities in the city and the impact of the Ohrid Agreement on the regulation and functioning of local self-government in Macedonia.
Issues of Legal Organization of the Patient-Health Care Professional Relationship
Authors: Kudeikina Inga
Published: July 2017

Nowadays increasing attention is paid to the issues of legal organization of the patient-health care professional relationship. One of the issues in this field is the institution of the rights and obligations of the patients and the medical practitioners. Cases when the doctor restricts the rights of the patient while fulfilling his duties or vice versa are rare. Interaction of the scope of rights and obligations of the patients and medical practitioners causes complicated situation. The author believes that solution to such situation is to be found in the human rights standards. The article discusses the issue regarding the grounds, on which the legal relationship of the patient and the health care professional are created, and how they are organized. The issues of the patient-health care professional relationship are viewed from the perspective of the human rights. Rights to life and health form the fundamental principle of the human rights, which is integrated in the national and international legal acts. The aim of the article is to provide insight to the role played by fundamental principle of the human rights, principles in the relationship of the patients and medical practitioners. Analyses show that human rights in relations between patients and health care professionals are absolute.
Progres of the Public Procurement System in Albania and in the European Union
Authors: Dobra Emalita
Published: July 2017

A proper estimation of the value of the public contracts is of major importance of the contracting authority. First, value of contracts govers the regime of rules under which the proceedings will be conducted. Second the decision of the contracting authority concerning the application of specific procurement procedure depends whether the value of contract is below or above specific threshold. For multi year contracts or contracts with renewal option, the contracting Authority must provide clauses for the revision of prices in accordance with published official inflation. In case of goods the contracts through renting or leasing of these, the estimated value of the public contract shall be based on the monthly rent or fee multiplied by the number of months the contract will last. The contracting Authority is responsible for comparing the above mentioned elements with a cost analyses of the goods, services or works. European Union rules provided in Article 9 of the directive 2004/18/EC of the European Parliament and of the council of 31 March 2004 on the coordination of procedures for the award of public works, supply and services and in contain also more detailed rules concerning methods of estimation of contract value which should be applied in specific case. The priciple of the transparency of public procurement requires that all potential contractors have the same chances to compete for contracts being offeres by public administration. (; public contracts, procurement, goods, proceedings contracting Authority, etc. )
Maritime English - Teaching Competencies in Facilitating Difficulties with Students
Authors: Celo Evis , Danaj Lorenc , Celo Jonil
Published: July 2017

Recognizing ship operating which differ in their organizing way helps in prevention of human injuries ;loss of life and avoidance of damage to the environment,in particular to the maritime environment and its property. The main aim is developing English for Maritime and having the right communication in different, specific and also in dangerous situation at sea. This paper consist on recognizing deeply the IMO standard on sea level including the IMO convention; SOLAS convention, MARPOL as well as STCW certificate and code too. So, advancing knowledge, understanding properly the right message at the sea including proficiency in having adequate knowledge of English language in order to enable officers - new students to communicate with other ships - coast stations to perform the officers duties. A great importance is based on cooperation of standard Marine Communication Phrases and use of International English both in written and oral form.. Not only that,but also multilingual communication crew, including abilities to use the IMO standard with Marine Communication Phrases! Difficulties and progresses are evident, but the necessity and the particular availability of Modern and Post Modern time let upon us this task open
Resiliency, Professionalization and Identity. A Study in Relation to Achievement at University at the Light of a New Paradigm: the Spiral of Three Dimensional of Sens
Authors: Aparicio Miriam
Published: July 2017

This study is part of the broad research program on University Quality Assessment. It falls into the Sub Program of Quality Education Optimization in relation to students’ achievements, with a view to implementing teachers’ support and professionalization mechanisms. The aim was to go deep into the causes for delay in finishing studies in our country, as well as to become aware of the strong “reasons” leading to a delay, globally, of over the half of the pre-established time assigned to different courses of studies. The country policies combine with institutional “decisions” and the situation of the primary actors, that is, delaying students. There are three levels
Social Emotional Learning (SEL)
Authors: Husaj Shqipe
Published: July 2017

Being in an environment for the first time, meeting strange people is not easy and simple for everyone. Some people need help in controlling its own emotions or the others emotions and feelings. This help can come from the parents at home, teachers and classmates at school or colleagues at working place. The aim of this paper is to discuss the importance of Social Emotional Learning ( SEL), its competences, skills involved in it etc. As SEL helps develop understanding and empathy, in this paper we will discuss the importance of empathy and some tips how to develop it.
The Labor Concept of Marx, Calvin, Luther in the Framework of Legal or Religious Rights
Authors: Silvana Ago
Published: July 2017

The most recent studies on economic ethics of world religions try to remind us once again the link between religion and economics in social rights, as one of the most important links of social stratification. The desire and passion to approach the idea of the man, who wants to live with both the matter and the spiritual, brings us to rethink once again that man needs a new social and religious spirit at the same time. As a scholar of religion and morality Weber shows the relation between religion, labor, and the right. It can never be left out without clarifying the problem that we are inspired by a new course “the opportunity to own" what we want. One can never abandon the idea that inspiration coming from religion brings a new level – a profession, which basically makes you who you are as a professional. We try to understand a new situation that basically is less complicated “intuition”. No matter how much we want to be pure in what we see in intuition, it isn’t clear in religion. Maybe the obstacle that the religion wants to present to intuition is much stronger than that. “The intuition” regarding the human being seems to be an intuition, to be grasped through your own intelligence, whereas the intuition comprehended as religion, through new ways brings a more complicated situation than this. – It brings us a situation when one choice makes you lose control. The narrowing of these two gaps which are seen both with the right to work as well as the right to have a new inspiration under the order of labor, leads to the desire to see Marx, Calvin and Luther as the Reformers of the rule of social relationships under the right of religious morality.
Impact of Agricultural Policy in Development of Agriculture Sector Within the Period of 1999-2015 in Kosovo
Authors: Zejnullahi Emine Daci
Published: July 2017

Agriculture sector represents one of the oldest economic branches, although the economics of agriculture represents a relatively new branch. In this regard the aim of this paper is to reflect on the issue based on sustainable and comparative arguments; furthermore, the paper aims to identify current disadvantage as well as opportunities for more sustainable agricultural development on the impact of subsidized fiscal policies in the future. Moreover, the effect of agricultural policy instruments on development of agriculture and agricultural income is likewise one of the purposes of this research. Given that agricultural policies play key role for the development of the poor countries, this has lead Kosovo towered listing agriculture development policies among the highest priorities of the political agendas. After the war, in Kosovo, agricultural sector has been neglected in terms of priorities in national development strategies, as well as in financial terms, since there had not been sufficient financial support provided. However, after a few years, recognizing the need of development of the sector as of priorities on poverty reduction, as well as on stimulation of the economic development, the sector has begun to be engaged in the national agendas. Meantime, this represents fundamental message of the World Bank, presented in the World Development Report (World Bank, 2008). In the case of Africa, the members of African Union agreed to allocate at least 10% of their budget to agriculture and rural development sector, and recently the G8 has scheduled to provide 1 billion Euros, as a support to African agriculture investments. In 2007, in Kosovo, grant scheme and subsidize (direct payments), has been accessed to the Agriculture and Rural Development Plan of 2007 -2013. Direct and indirect effects of these instruments on agricultural income / farms are poorly documented. This support was increased by the inclusion of other sectors and cultures until 2014, which includes the following measures: 1.Measure 101:“Investment on physical assets of agricultural economies ", 2. Measure 103:Investments in physical assets on processing and marketing the agricultural products, 3. Measures 302: Diversification of farms and business development. There is a lack of proper research, when the direct effects of the supportive measures on the agriculture and economic development are concerned.
Communication as the Center of Teaching/Learning Process of Foreign Languages (the Case of French Language)
Authors: Myslihaka Leonarda
Published: July 2017

Knowing at least one foreign language has become almost a necessity. However, in learning a foreign language, communication definitely plays a crucial role. Moreover, without communication there is no interaction, language teaching or learning. Communication is considered as very important and more and more is used as a useful tool to organize a pupil – centered lesson. In this article is treated the need to strengthen and highlight the communicative aspects in teaching foreign language, in our case French language, for a better learning of the language. The objective of learning a foreign language is to develop at pupils the communicative competences in this language. More and more we are going towards a method where communication is the one that realizes successfully the process of teaching and learning. The hypothesis that is set in the article is: Is communication the core element in teaching and learning a foreign language? Other research questions and cases that will be treated are: Communication methods of the foreign languages. What communicative skills are required to develop at pupils/students who learn a foreign language and the strategies of their lessons?; Linguistic competences and their communication role; Communication and the importance of interaction; Oral communication in teaching / learning French language, in the French and Italian language department, in “Aleksandër Xhuvani” university, Elbasan.
How Does Technology Influence on Education in Nowadays?
Authors: Tatili Sonila
Published: July 2017

Technology is undoubtedly having a major impact on every aspect of our lives and that includes today’s learning environments. It is shaping the way in which students learn, teachers deliver material and the way in which we design spaces for future learning opportunities. It is said that schools aren’t just investing in computer stations and keyboards and we are witness to the fact, based on our planning and design work, and that they are quickly embracing the “constant contact” trends that have changed our global culture. As technology continues to evolve, it brings with it new opportunities and challenges for educators and students. Social networking is a great example of technology that can help — or hinder — education, depending on how it is used and integrated into teaching plans. Privacy and security are two concerns that can come with using social networking in the classroom. It can also become a distraction to students, or even a tool used for bullying. Learning spaces now, more than ever, are being designed to help with communication and information sharing. From tablets used to asking kids to “raise their hands” virtually, to viewing a lecture via Skype or FaceTime, the traditional four walls and a chalkboard are transforming rapidly. According to a recent USA Today article, a New York-based educational technology startup released the first device, an Androidpowered touchscreen tablet, “designed for kids both to take to school and bring home. For sale only to schools for now, the Amplify tablet comes pre-loaded with virtually everything a student will encounter during the school day, including all the textbooks, lessons, tests and e-books she might be assigned. ”
The Dynamics of Eros: Teenagers and Socialization to Sexuality in Italian Atypical Families
Authors: Iovine Francesco , Masullo Giuseppe
Published: July 2017

This paper aims at analysing the ways in which parents / adults and natural and adopted children, within nuclear and atypical families communicate and operate modes, dynamics, and experiences related to teenagers' intimate sphere. To this aim, our analysis identifies the different variables at play and their interrelation in defining the various modalities employed in different family types. The transition from the patriarchal to the “emotional” family has caused important changes related not only to the family's internal dynamics, but also to the autonomy of its individual members, particularly with regard to the sexual sphere. The starting point is a specific reflection on the sexuality of adolescents who, as we try to prove through the literature review, in this era is open to new forms of empowerment and emancipation that cause parents'/adults' educational strategies and models to be rethought. We pay particular attention to the rules by which the children's sexuality is managed in atypical families – particularly disrupted and / or recombined ones – in which it is possible to observe, as shown by in-depth interviews to parents, specific mode that escape any efforts of categorisation and cast new light on the dynamics underlying the socialisation of gender and sexuality in contemporary families.
Universal Servicein Albania
Authors: Gjika Jonida
Published: July 2017

Approximation of national legislation in the sector of electronic communications services as well as in the sector of postal services by the acquis communautaire of the EU and harmonization with the policy sector and mid-term strategies for the development of networks and electronic communications services and postal services constitute the first steps and important for inclusion and consideration of universal service in the two respective sectors, the electronic communications and postal services. The next important stage is their implementation in practice for defining the elements of universal service in both sectors, to assess their national circumstances, to identify the social groups and different categories of who should be the beneficiaries of universal service respective by sector considering a set of principles concerning the necessity of their endurance by all users in financial terms,regardless of their geographic location, have access to the services offered and in this regard, the need to be cost-oriented evaluating and monitoring their principles for the fees to be the same for the same services and the obligation for the provider / providers of universal service that the respective services together with their charging and non-discriminatory, in order not to harm its competitiveness and development of the postal sector.
Social Impact of the Urban Transformation (Diyarbakir Sampe)
Authors: Önder Mehmet Seyman
Published: July 2017

The implementation of ‘The Urban Renewal Project’ in Suriçi district of Suriçi county of Diyarbak?r city was aimed in accordance with the protocol signed by the relevant institutions in 18.12.2008; however, that project couldn’t have been implemented because of the severely reactions gotten by the local community by year 2016. It was aimed with that project to research the reasons of the reactions of the target group that resides in the project area and to reveal the potential social effects of the project over the target group from the sociological point of view within the context of ‘The Urban Renewal Project’. Because of building an opinion about what the possible social effects were, a situational analysis was carried out on the low-income group who lives in Suriçi area and in housing estate in Üçkuyular campus and who has the same social, cultural and economic features with the target group. The questionnaire technique was used in Suriçi and Üçkuyularfor achieving desired data, and two different questionnaire forms were prepared for them. It was interviewed with 196 householders in Suriçi and 50 householders in Üçkuyular.
Religious Tourism and Sufism in Morocco
Authors: Bouyahya Driss
Published: July 2017

This study aims to uncover the relationship between Sufism and religious tourism. In other words, it attempts to shed light on the standards that make people, from different parts of the world, travel in precise times for religious reasons. In addition, this study tries to highlight the effects of that kind of travels on people’s daily demeanours. Thus, this study was conducted in Fez city, Morocco, at zawya of Sidi Ahmed Tijani. The relevant data was collected qualitatively and quantitatively. The results showed that tourists who come to the zawya of Sidi Ahmed Tijani are practitioners of religious tourism since they travel from their homelands to Morocco, more precisely in Fez in order to fulfil their religious needs. Also it is shown that Tijani tourists experience a sort of cathartic process during their visits.
The Premises of the National Economy’s Development in the Context of Integration into the European Economic Area
Authors: Maria Chisca , Rodica Crudu
Published: July 2017

In 2016, there where 194 recognized independent states in the world, members of the United Nations Organization. There are very rich states among these countries, but most of them are comparatively poor and need the help and support of the rich ones. The size of these countries according to geographical area, the population, the size of GDP varies from country to country. Since the economic growth is one of the main indicator of countries’ welfare, it has become a challenging issue for the researchers worldwide. What factors influence the development of a national economy in the right way, making the living standards increase and the population wellbeing grow? This article has a goal to identify several competitive sectors of the economy that have potential to lead to sustainable economic growth for Republic of Moldova. The Republic of Moldova is relatively a young independent state, since the dissolution of USSR, and faces some problems that need to be solved in order to increase country’s welfare. The results of analysis showed that following industrial sectors: wine; textiles and apparel; information and communication technology; footwear; construction materials and furniture have the most potential for contributing to transformational growth in the Republic of Moldova economy. A big step in achieving this is signing the DCFTA with European Union. The importance of EU trade relations with the Republic of Moldova is of great impact on its national economy. The Republic of Moldova needs all the support and help of its powerful neighbour in order to achieve higher economic growth and to increase the competitivity of its products on EU market.
The Role of Career Self-Efficacy on the Effect of Parental Career Behaviors on Career Exploration: A Study on School of Tourism and Hotel Management’ Students
Authors: Kanten Selahattin , Kanten Pelin , Yeşiltaş Murat
Published: July 2017

This study aims to investigate the impact of parental career behaviors on undergraduate student’s career exploration and the mediating role of career self-efficacy. In the literature it is suggested that some social and individual factors facilitate students’ career exploration. Therefore, parental career behaviors and career self-efficacy is considered as predictors of student’s career exploration attitudes within the scope of the study. In this respect, data which are collected from 405 undergraduate students having an education on tourism and hotel management field by the survey method are analyzed by using the structural equation modeling. The results of the study indicate that parental career behaviors which are addressed support; interference and lack of engagement have a significant effect on student’s career exploration behaviors such as intended-systematic exploration, environment exploration and self-exploration. In addition, it has been found that one of the dimensions of parental career behaviors addressed as a lack of engagement has a significant effect on career self-efficacy levels of students. However, research results indicate that student’s career self-efficacy has a significant effect on only the self-exploration dimension. On the other hand, career self-efficacy has a partial mediating role between lack of engagement attitudes of parents and career exploration behaviors of students.
Mental Health Protection and Health Policy Towards People with Mental Illnesses. the Case of Poland
Authors: Dobrowolska Małgorzata , Izydorczyk Bernadetta
Published: July 2017

The aim of the article is to present basic data on the health policy in Poland for the years 2016-2020 in the context of current standards and developmental goals for mental health promotion in the European Union countries. The article is also aimed at adumbrating standards and directions in mental health protection. It also sets out to present guidelines for helping people with mental illnesses that are based on the results of our research. This work presents selected results of a study which was carried out within the "Diagnosing the aid and social support system for people with mental illnesses in the Mazovia Province" research project. The project was co-financed from the resources of the Human Capital Operational Programme (as part of European Union's European Social Fund).