bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH GENDER, PENGHARGAAN FINANSIAL, PERTIMBANGAN PASAR KERJA, MOTIVASI KARIR, PENGAKUAN PROFESIONAL, LINGKUNGAN KERJA DAN PERSONALITAS TERHADAP MINAT MAHASISWA AKUNTANSI UNTUK BERKARIER MENJADI AKUNTAN PUBLIK (Studi Kasus Pada Mahasiswa Akuntansi Universitas Muara Bungo)
Authors: Gersang Ronald N
Published: April 2024

This research aims to determine the influence of gender, financial rewards, job market considerations, career motivation, professional recognition, work environment and personality on accounting students' interest in becoming public accountants partially or simultaneously. The type of research used in this research is quantitative descriptive. The data used in this research are primary data and secondary data. The population in this study were students from the 2014-2016 Accounting Department at Muara Bungo University. The sample in this study was selected according to the criteria (purposive sampling) so that a sample of 96 people was obtained. The results of the research show that the partial test of the gender variable (X1) obtained a value of tcount (3.753) > ttable (1.985) and a value of sig (0.000) < (0.005), so that H0 was rejected and the 1 Ha hypothesis was accepted, the value of the financial reward variable (X2) was obtained. tcount (3.067) > ttable (1.985) and sig value (0.000) < (0.005), so that H0 is rejected and the 2 Ha hypothesis is accepted. The labor market consideration variable (X3) obtained a tcount value (-1.741) < ttable (1.985) and a sig value (0.085) > (0.005), so that H0 was accepted and the 3 Ha hypothesis was rejected. The career motivation variable (X4) obtained a tcount value (1.936) < ttable (1.985) and a sig value (0.056) > (0.005), so that H0 was accepted and the 4 Ha hypothesis was rejected. The professional recognition variable (X5) obtained a tcount value (1.840) < ttable (1.985) and a sig value (0.069) > (0.005), so that H0 was accepted and the 5 Ha hypothesis was rejected. The work environment variable (X6) tcount value (-5.865) > ttable (1.985) and sig value (0.000) < (0.005), so that H0 is rejected and the 2 Ha hypothesis is accepted. The personality variable (X7) obtained a value of tcount (9.705) > ttable (1.985) and a sig value (0.000) < (0.005), so that H0 was rejected and the 7 Ha hypothesis was accepted. This means that, partially, the variables Gender, Financial Rewards, Work Environment and Personality have a significant effect on Accounting Students' interest in pursuing a career as a public accountant (Y). Based on the results of the simultaneous test, the Fcount value is 17,340, which is greater than the Ftable of 2,200. So H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. So it can be concluded that the variables Gender, Financial Rewards, Job Market Considerations, Career Motivation, Professional Recognition, Work Environment and Personality simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on the level of interest of Accounting Students in pursuing a career as a Public Accountant. Based on the coefficient of determination test, the R Square value is obtained at of 0.580 or 58%.
DAMPAK PELAKSANAAN KEBIJAKAN PENGHAPUSAN SANKSI PAJAK TERHADAP PENERIMAN PAJAK PENGHASILAN DAN KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK ORANG PRIBADI ( Studi Kasus di KPP Pratama Muara Bungo )
Authors: Fadilah Nurul
Published: April 2024

The main objective of this research is to determine the impact of implementing the policy of eliminating tax sanctions on income tax revenues and individual taxpayer compliance at KPP Pratana Muara Bungo.This type of research is a case study. Data was collected through documentation techniques. Data analysis in this research uses descriptive analysis. Income tax revenue is measured using a comparison from year to year. Registration compliance is measured using the percentage of additional registered WPOP. Payment compliance is measured using the additional percentage of taxpayers who make tax deposits on annual income tax returns for underpayments. The research results show that the implementation of the policy of eliminating tax sanctions does not have a partial impact on income tax revenues and individual taxpayer compliance. This can be seen from the low tax revenues in the year after the policy of eliminating tax sanctions was implemented and the low number of people applying for registration to eliminate tax sanctions as well as the low number of taxpayers who deposited tax on annual income tax returns for underpayments.
ANALISIS KEKUATAN PADA RANGKA SEPEDA MOTOR LISTRIK DENGAN METODE ELEMEN HINGGA
Authors: Hastuti Sri , Wahyuchandra Ramadhani  , Mulyaningsih Nani
Published: April 2024

Kebutuhan kendaraan ramah lingkungan membuat inovasi peralihan dari sepeda motor bensin menjadi motor listrik meningkat. Sepeda motor bensin dan listrik memiliki komponen yang hampir sama, perbedaan terletak pada mesin sehingga diperlukan sedikit penyesuaian pada bagian rangka. Perancangan dan pengujian rangka diperlukan untuk memastikan rangka dapat digunakan dengan aman. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kekuatan terbaik variasi desain rangka sepeda motor listrik. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode komparatif dengan membandingkan tiga desain rangka sepeda motor listrik terhadap hasil simulasi tegangan von mises maksimum terendah, total deformasi maksimum terendah dan faktor keamanan minimum tertinggi. Simulasi rangka menggunakan material AISI 4130 dengan beban yang terdiri dari baterai, motor listrik, dan pengontrol. Desain rangka didesain menggunakan Solidworks dan simulasi rangka menggunakan Ansys Workbench. Hasil simulasi pada desain satu didapatkan tegangan von mises 23,199 MPa, total deformasi 0,036 mm, dan faktor keamanan 17,889. Desain dua didapatkan tegangan von mises13,256 MPa, total deformasi 0,046 mm, dan faktor keamanan 31,306. Desain tiga didapatkan tegangan von mises 17,253 MPa, total deformasi 0,049 mm, dan faktor keamanan 24,054. Desain 2 memiliki kekuatan terbaik dengan tegangan von mises terendah, total deformasi terendah dan faktor keamanan tertinggi.
KARAKTERISTIK PROKSIMAT BRIKET KULIT SINGKONG DAN TEMPURUNG KELAPA DENGAN VARIASI PEREKAT TETES TEBU (MOLASE)
Authors: Rizky Hermawan  , Mawarsih Endang , Iswahyudi Sigit , Rahman Arif
Published: April 2024

Untuk meningkatkan nilai jualnya, limbah kulit singkong dapat diolah menjadi briket arang. Kulit singkong memiliki nilai kalori sebesar 3843,84 kal/gram, sehingga cocok digunakan sebagai bahan utama dalam pembuatan briket arang. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah eksperimen dengan membuat briket dari campuran kulit singkong dan tempurung kelapa dengan tetes tebu. Briket yang telah dicetak dengan variasi perekat yang telah ditentukan selanjutnya akan dilakukan pengujian terhadap nilai kalor, kadar air, kadar abu, volatile matters dan fixed carbon. Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan menggunakan Variasi menggunakan perekat tetes tebu dengan variasi 5%, 7%, dan 9% didapatkan karakteristik briket Rata-rata nilai kalor yang paling rendah ada pada presentase perekat 7% dengan nilai rerata 5520,688% kal/g. Sedangkan Kadar air tertinggi briket kulit singkong dan tempurung kelapa paling tinggi didapat dalam presentase perekat 9% pada nilai 5,4823%. Kadar abu didapatkan didalam presentase perekat 5%, pada nilai 15,1314 %, Volatile matters briket memiliki rata-rata nilai paling rendah didapatkan pada konsentrasi perekat 7% dengan nilai 10,79211% , Volatile matters briket memiliki rata-rata nilai paling rendah didapatkan pada konsentrasi perekat 7% dengan nilai 10,79211%, fixed carbon kulit singkong dan tempurung kelapa memiliki ratarata nilai paling rendah didapatkan pada konsentrasi perekat 9% dengan nilai 67,3862%.
Perceptions of Teachers Regarding the Marks’ Reduction of Practical/Laboratory Work at the Secondary School Level
Authors: Khalil Saima Zaman , Khadija Khadija
Published: April 2024

Perceptions of teachers regarding the marks’ reduction of practical/laboratory work at the secondary school level were designed to achieve the objectives of exploring the perceptions of teachers regarding the marks’ reduction of practical/laboratory work at the secondary school level and to investigate the influence of marks’ reduction on students learning at secondary school level. The study was descriptive in nature, in which the current status of the subject was studied. All the female teachers in government girls’ high schools of district Swabi comprise the population of the study. Twenty female secondary school teachers were purposefully selected from the population. A closed-ended questionnaire for teachers was developed on a 3-point scale. The percentage was used as a statistical tool for the analysis of collected data. Based on findings, it was concluded that most teachers believed practical/lab work has much importance in science subjects. Respondents agreed that it is the only way to demonstrate the anatomy of different organisms and plants. Reduced marks may affect students’ grades in SSC examinations. Students also take less interest due to reduced marks in practical work. Less lab work affects teachers' own talent. Less lab work also wastes precious lab material. Most of the teachers were in favor of increasing practical marks to 25.
Exploring Teachers' Attitude toward Inclusive Education at the Tertiary Level
Authors: Jogezai Sheila , Arifa Bibi
Published: April 2024

The goal of the current study was to investigate teachers' attitudes toward inclusive education in higher education. The study set out to investigate the attitudes of University of Loralai teachers toward inclusive education and to ascertain the teachers' dedication to inclusive education. There were one hundred teachers. Fifty teachers at the tertiary level are chosen at random from the entire population. The study's findings indicated that most participants believed that meeting the needs of all pupils should be accomplished through inclusion. The majority of educators concurred that having a diverse classroom enhances student learning. Most people believe that your university would benefit greatly from inclusivity. The majority of participants concurred that including students with special needs has a negative impact on other students' schooling. The majority of educators concurred that teaching inclusion adds far too much extra workload. The majority of respondents stated that staff/teacher involvement is the only factor that determines inclusion. Less than half of educators disagreed that there is conflict in their university when special needs students are included in regular classrooms.
Factors Promoting Critical Thinking among Students at the Tertiary Level
Authors: Looni Farida , Bibi Salma
Published: April 2024

The present study sought to explore the factors promoting critical thinking among the students at the tertiary level in Loralai. The objectives of the study were to identify the factors promoting critical thinking among male and female students at the tertiary level in Loralai. Male teachers and female teachers at the tertiary level comprise the population of the study. The number of tertiary-level teachers was 100. Out of the total population, 40 teachers were randomly selected from the tertiary level. In order to collect data from the respondents, a close-ended questionnaire containing 14 items based on the Likert scale was developed with the consultation of the superior in the objective of the subject. The majority of the respondents often use problem-based learning activities to promote critical thinking. More of the participants often ask the right questions to help foster students' critical thinking skills. Most of the subjects often promote collaborative learning for students' critical thinking. Half of the teachers often focus on projects. Most of the answerers often prefer writing assignments focusing on reflection and reasoning. For an understanding of the teaching practices used by the teachers, the sample size can be increased so that more accurate findings can be achieved. Teaching strategies promoting critical thinking abilities should be applied in the teaching-learning process to get maximum benefits.
Perceptions of University Students Regarding the Inculcation of Values through Hidden Curriculum
Authors: Ahmad Shahji , Rehman Fazal
Published: April 2024

The study sought to explore the perceptions of students regarding the values at the tertiary level. All the students at the University of Loralai constituted the population of the study. A purposive sampling technique was adopted for sample selection. Out of the 50 students from the Department of Education, they were purposefully selected. A closed-ended questionnaire constructed on a 3-point scale was developed for data collection. The collected data was analyzed through frequency and percentage. Based on the findings, it was concluded that the majority of the respondents viewed that teachers teach in class to keep faith in God. Most of the participants responded that our teachers teach in class about spiritualism and what spirit is and that it is our belief that after death, we will stand back for eternal life. A large number of the subjects perceived that our teachers teach in class to protect themselves from violence. It affects the peace of society, and our Islam does not allow us to be violent. Most of the students agreed that teachers teach about tolerance in the classroom. The majority of the students responded that teachers teach us in class to do well with others. The maximum number of students responded that our teacher teaches us about courtesy in class.
The Rapprochement of Saudi Iran and Its Impact on Pakistan
Authors: Asifa Asifa
Published: April 2024

The dynamic relationship between Saudi Arabia and Iran has significant implications for both the region and the global community. While the two individuals may not see eye to eye on every issue, their shared religious beliefs play a significant role in their connection. Factors such as multiethnicity, Arab vs Persian influence, and the diverse interests of individuals within and outside the region are significant considerations. The two prominent countries in the area have influenced their bordering nations to establish various types of alliances. Pakistan is impacted in terms of its economy, security, and tensions among religious and ethnic groups. Fortunately, the current political climate is facilitating the process of rebuilding relationships. Pakistan attempted to reconcile with the opposing party but was unable to do so. Consequently, Iraq is now seeking to resolve the conflict through arbitration. This paper examines the impact of the Saudi Arabia-Iran conflict on Pakistan and analyses the present reconciliation efforts. The predominant methodology employed was qualitative, revealing that achieving peace is a complex endeavor due to the intricate nature of relationships. Pakistan believes that escalation should be kept at a level below where a dispute requiring distinct positions arises but above the level of complete peace to address Pakistan's security concerns. Diplomatic efforts should focus on pacifying disagreements rather than resolving them.
The Revocation of Article 35-A and 370, and the State of Human Rights in Indian-occupied Kashmir
Authors: Asad Rida , Ullah Kifayat
Published: April 2024

India and Pakistan have been fighting over Kashmir since they became independent. There has been one small war and three big ones between India and Pakistan. India got rid of Articles 370 and 35-A of the Indian Constitution on its own on August 5, 2019, which included Kashmir. Pakistan works very hard to make life better for Kashmiris. A logical method is used to do the research for this study. The secondary sources were things like books, study papers, newspaper articles, reports, the web, and magazines. There are both descriptive and analytical ways to do research techniques. The results show that getting rid of the two constitutional changes will hurt South Asia's military security a lot. India's takeover of Jammu and Kashmir has led to breaches of human rights, violence, economic hardship, and social exclusion for the people of Kashmir. The study recommends that Pakistan look into a number of policy options to solve the Kashmir problem since Kashmir is Pakistan's main source of blood. South Asia and the whole world would be better off with peace and security in Kashmir.
Research and practical exploration on innovation and entrepreneurship in Master of Arts in Fashion Design major based on new liberal arts
Authors:   Tsinghua University, CHEN Yanlin
Published: April 2024

Deeply implement industry-university cooperation collaborative education projects, deepen the integration of industry and education, and school-enterprise cooperation, and promote the reform and innovation of contemporary fashion master's degree design talents. Through preliminary exploration and attempts at teaching clothing brand product design courses, this paper has formed a new teaching design model based on innovative and entrepreneurial thinking, that is, ability training as the orientation, project system as the core, and multi-disciplinary intersection as the means. It is an education model in the direction of mass entrepreneurship and innovation through curriculum teaching service projects and project practice to deepen teaching. Use innovative design to drive the sustainable development of the clothing brand industry and provide enterprises with design talents that meet the personalized and characteristic needs of the future fashion consumer market. At the same time, it has guiding significance for the employment development of postgraduate students majoring in the Master of Arts in Fashion, laying a solid foundation for students to enter the field of innovation and entrepreneurship in the fashion industry in the future.
Construction of a first-class digital undergraduate course on “Decorative Patterns”
Authors:   Shenzhen Polytechnic University, XU Mingming
Published: April 2024

This article is a phased result of the first batch of the Ministry of Education’s industry-university collaborative education project in 2023, “Construction of a Digital First-Class Undergraduate Course on ‘Decorative Patterns’” (Project Number: 230803144265723). This article introduces in detail how to build a first-class undergraduate course in "Decorative Patterns" in the context of digital transformation, and emphasizes the necessity of improving the digital capabilities of professional education in the context of rapid technological development. The course aims to combine traditional craftsmanship with digital innovation, focusing on the art and design of decorative patterns. The unique characteristics of the course are highlighted, including industry integration, cultural inheritance, strengthening of skill base, and its role in intangible cultural heritage protection and innovation. The goal of this project is to connect education with industry needs, improve teaching quality, and cultivate high-quality, innovative, and technically proficient talents. The implementation path includes curriculum standard development, content modernization, resource digitization, teaching method innovation and comprehensive evaluation system. Finally, the article reviews the project's achievements in curriculum development, student employment, faculty research, and technological innovation in partnership with industry, demonstrating the project's broad impact on education and industry.
Concluded project of the Ministry of Education University-Industry Collaborative Education Program: Cultivation of the Technological Innovation Ability for Young Backbone Teachers
Authors:   College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, ZHANG Min
Published: April 2024

Artificial intelligence and other new technologies not only have a wide application prospect in civil field, but also have very important application value in national defense and military field, especially in electronic countermeasures. In order to adapt the teaching ability and scientific research and innovation ability of young backbone teachers to the development of new technology, with the help of the Ministry of Education industry-university cooperation and collaborative innovation platform, local superior companies and enterprises to adopt the school-enterprise cooperation mode of industry-education integration, carry out the training of young backbone teachers in technological innovation ability. This project can improve the team members' scientific research and innovation ability and professional teaching level, and achieve a virtuous circle of joint improvement of the level of teachers, scientific research ability and talent cultivation.
Excellent Project Case of the Ministry of Education's Industry-Academic Cooperation and Collaborative Education Project: Research on the Teaching Mode of Hydraulic and Pneumatic Transmission in Agricultural and Forestry Colleges
Authors:   China Agricultural University, MA Shaochun
Published: April 2024

Industry-university cooperation and collaborative education are important supports and strategic starting points for improving students' practical and innovative abilities in agricultural and forestry colleges, responding to current development needs, and providing talent guarantees for rural revitalization. Hydraulic and Pneumatic Transmission is a core basic course in the engineering department of agricultural and forestry colleges. Given the shortcomings in the current teaching of hydraulic and pneumatic transmission in agricultural and forestry colleges, combined with the subject characteristics of engineering disciplines in agricultural and forestry colleges, an effective model for teaching Hydraulic and Pneumatic Transmission has been explored to achieve industry-university cooperation and collaborative education, and promote college talents cultivation and reform, and adapt to the needs of industrial development, and achieve high-quality development of higher education, which are the starting point and goal of this project. The implementation of this project has achieved an organic combination of classroom teaching with enterprises and practical education bases and has achieved certain results. This article exchanges experience by sharing the corresponding situations during the project development, hoping to provide a helpful reference for exploring hydraulic and pneumatic transmission teaching models in agricultural and forestry colleges.
Excellent cases of the Ministry of Education’s supply and demand matching employment and education project: Zhongnan University of Economics and Law and X Xiamen ITG Group Corp., Ltd. cooperate in human resources improvement project
Authors:   Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, XIAO Liwei
Published: April 2024

Zhongnan University of Economics and Law cooperates with Xiamen ITG Group Corp., Ltd. to carry out the Ministry of Education’s supply and demand matching employment and education project. The cooperation includes conducting school-enterprise exchange activities such as enterprise OPEN DAY and enterprise visits to campus; holding 5 special job fairs on campus for 24 people Graduates joined Xiamen ITG Group Corp., Ltd. through school recruitment; jointly launched the first National Career Planning Competition school competition and the “Jishi Cup” series of employment guidance activities to enhance students’ professional qualities. The project cooperation has achieved a win-win situation for universities, enterprises and students, forming a deep integration exchange mechanism between schools and enterprises and a new model of employment and education work for matching supply and demand between schools and enterprises; integrating corporate culture and employer brand into the process of students’ training in advance; and building students’ interests through Groups, schools and enterprises jointly cultivate talents urgently needed by enterprises. The project cooperation explores the formation of an employment education work model that integrates “economics, law, and management” and combines “theory and practice”. The project’s summer practice research results were selected into the list of the 8th National College Student Summer Practice Exhibition. The project results are used as typical cases in The theoretical version of the “Zhongnan University of Economics and Law Newspaper” was published, and in December 2023, it was rated as an outstanding case of the Ministry of Education’s supply and demand matching employment and education project (a total of 35 projects nationwide).
Research on the practice of cultivating environmental design professional talents under the background of “rural revitalization + new liberal arts”
Authors: WANG Xiaodong
Published: April 2024

Rural revitalization and new liberal arts education innovation have a significant impact on the talent training model of environmental design professionals. The study found that there is a significant gap between the current cultivation of environmental design talents and market demand, especially the demand for applied, comprehensive and innovative talents in the process of rural construction and revitalization. The author proposes a new talent training model for environmental design professionals based on an empirical study of the Ministry of Education's supply-demand matching employment education project, which is a collaboration between Sichuan Normal University and GMT Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. This model emphasizes the understanding and feeling of the countryside, hometown, and nostalgia at the spiritual level, and focuses on the perfect combination of theory and practical teaching at the practical level. In addition, the study also found that this training model can be applied to the training of other applied, comprehensive and innovative professionals. Through the research on this topic, we not only deepened our understanding of rural revitalization strategy and the environmental design profession, but also provided practical suggestions for the talent cultivation of the environmental design profession.
Constructing an Educational System for Architectural Practice Teaching in the Context of Higher Quality and Enriched Employment Opportunities: A Case Study of Xi'an Siyuan University
Authors:   Xi’an Siyuan University, LI Xiuying
Published: April 2024

The practical education system is also a crucial part of the education and teaching of architecture. Based on the OBE concept, this article takes the architecture major of Xi'an Siyuan University as an example to analyze the problems in the current practical education system under the background of high-quality employment from four aspects, and to improve the construction of the practical education system for architecture. Measures to improve the implementation of practical teaching and education system are listed from five aspects, to enhance students' practical abilities and innovative awareness, and to achieve the goals of talent training programs. Efficient connections between schools and enterprises are established, laying a solid foundation for achieving high-quality employment for students and providing strong guarantees for cultivating applied talents.
The Application of Mind Mapping in Teaching Assessment: Take “Beijing’s Spring Festival” as an example
Authors:   The Education University of Hong Kong, ZHAO Lingxiao
Published: April 2024

Reading is one of the core contents of Chinese teaching, and cultivating students' reading ability and core literacy should also become one of the main goals of teaching. Mind map is a tool for visualizing structural ideas, which can help students better sort out the content of the text, and also facilitate teachers to understand whether students can really grasp the content of the article after the end of reading teaching, which can play an important role in reading teaching. This paper will design the activity of mind mapping based on the sixth-grade Chinese lesson "Spring Festival in Beijing" and analyze its significance for students' subsequent learning.
The Proportionality Test in the Function of Transforming the European Union Citizenship From the Derivative to the Basic Status
Authors: Dragišić Radmila , Tučić Boris
Published: April 2024

The proportionality test is a test that the Court of Justice of the European Union uses to affect courts of the Member States to assess on an individual level whether national regulations which, under certain circumstances, foresee the withdrawal of nationality of natural persons disproportionately impacts their or the normal development of their families or has such impact on their professional lives. By determining this test, the Court of Justice of the European Union made the matter of the withdrawal of nationality of the Member State, due to its nature and its consequences, to become the matter of the European Union law. This paper examines the intensity in the development of the proportionality test by using the structural-functional, comparative, and cause and effect analyses in considering the cases Rottman, Tjebbes and Landesregierung. The research shows that this test contributes to the expansion of the influence of the European organisation on national regulations in the field of nationality and thus to the transformation of the European Union citizenship from a derivative to a basic status.
Pokazatelji dejstva kavitacije na Kaplan turbinama
Authors: Orašanin G. , Simić S. , Šijaković S. , Blagojević J.
Published: April 2024

Prilikom eksploatacije hidroenergetskih postrojenja dolazi do različitih uticaja koji se negativno održavaju na njihov efikasan rad. Jedan od najvećih problema koji se javlja u toku rada ovih postrojenja je pojava kavitacije na lopaticama turbine. Uticaj kavitacije na tehničke performanse hidroenergetskog postrojenja je nepovoljan i cilj je da se njen uticaj minimizira odnosno svede na prihvatljiv nivo. U radu je prezentovan uticaj kavitacije na reakcione turbine u Hidroelektrani Višegrad (HE Višegrad). Vršeno je ispitivanje dejstva kavitacije i abrazivnog dejstva na vertikalne Kaplan turbine. Prilikom ispitivanja korišćene su metode ‚‚NDT ispitivanja“ (non – destructive testing). Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata ispitivanja oštećenja Kaplan turbina može se zaključiti da su ove turbine u značajnoj mjeri izložene dejstvu kavitacije, kao i oštećenjima usljed dejstva pijeska i drugih sedimenata koji se nalaze u vodi. Neophodno je provoditi dalja istraživanja u pogledu preventivnih mjera u cilju postizanja optimalnog rada ovih hidroturbina.
SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS OF LEAD-ACETATE AND ALLOXAN ON BODY WEIGHT GAIN AND ORGANOSOMATIC LIVER INDEX OF WISTAR RAT INFECTED WITH ESCHERICHIA
Authors: Manojlović Maja , Dekić Radoslav , Lolić Svjetlana , Paspalј Jovana , Đeri Aleksandra , Radović Ivica
Published: April 2024

Different agents, both biotic and abiotic, cause health changes in most vulnerable members of the human population. Diabetics, as very sensitive members of the population, are significantly more susceptible to bacterial infections, as well as to the toxic effect of certain pollutants. Alloxan is a common diabetogenic agens often used to induce experimental diabetes in laboratory rats, giving the clinical picture as type 1 diabetes in humans. The aim of this study was to determine common effects of lead-acetate and alloxan on body weight gain and organosomatic liver index of Wistar rat infected with escherichia. Significantly lower weight gain (p 0.05) was achieved by the test subjects exposed to bacterial infection, as well as by lead-acetate toxication. The negative value of this parameter was determined for the synergistic effect of the test substances. Values of organosomatic liver indexes showed a significant increase in diabetic rats exposed to infection in relation to the control group and rats treated with only one agens. In diabetic patients, hyperglycaemia may harm both innate and acquired immunity, thereby reducing resistance to pathogenic and associated illnesses. Environmental pollutants, including lead, can cause different changes in the body of a diabetic, so it is necessary to avoid any contact with this toxicant.
Infinitive as a verb form of the German language
Authors: Dolgopolova Liliya Anatol'evna , Mustafaeva Alie Hairedinovna
Published: April 2024

The object of the study is the infinitive of the German language, and the subject is its semantic, structural and functional characteristics, which make it possible to interpret it as a verb form. The authors consider in detail such aspects as the specificity of the infinitive expression of the verbal categorical meaning, which brings it closer to the noun; structural division and microsystem of infinitive forms of the modern German language. Morphological features of the infinitive are considered through the prism of historical changes in the structure of the word in the German language. The authors pay special attention to the syntactic behavior of the infinitive. At the same time, the authors pay special attention to the multifunctionality of the infinitive, which is maximally identical to the nominal parts of speech. At the same time, the authors note the manifestation of the verb character of the infinitive in the ability to form a verb group. The methodological basis of the work is based on a systematic approach to the interpretation of linguistic phenomena in synchrony and diachrony. The theoretical basis of the research is the fundamental principles of general, comparative historical and Germanic linguistics. The comparative method and the method of distributive analysis were used to identify the functional potential of the infinitive and innovative phenomena. The main conclusions of the study are to identify the complexity of interpreting syncretic units to which the infinitive belongs. It was found that during the development of the German language, the infinitive gradually entered its verbal system, losing nominal grammatical features, such as the case paradigm. At the same time, the infinitive acquired verbal signs, as a temporary and collateral meaning. A special contribution of the author is the conclusion that the dual nature of the infinitive, which determines its peripheral position, is the basis for expanding its functional potential, which contributes to the participation of the infinitive in the formation of new grammatical structures/forms. The novelty of the study lies in the identification of such a function of the infinitive as participation in the formation of verb groups, where maximum proximity with the final verb is manifested.
Relaxed Inertial Projective Forward-backward Splitting Algorithms for Regularized Least Square Problems
Authors: Cholamjiak Watcharaporn , Dutta Hemen
Published: April 2024

This study presents flexible conditions of the inertial extrapolation parameter for easy implementation that is added to the algorithm in faster convergence. Modified inertial forward-backward splitting algorithms for solving variational inclusion problems are introduced to apply to solve the LASSO problem for image restoration and signal recovery, and the elastic net model for classification problem. Projection methods are used in the final step for narrowing down the search field, resulting in a better solution.
Imputation of 3D genome structure by genetic–epigenetic interaction modeling in mice
Authors: Kuffler Lauren , Skelly Daniel A , Czechanski Anne , Fortin Haley J , Munger Steven C , Baker Christopher L , Reinholdt Laura G , Carter Gregory W
Published: April 2024

Gene expression is known to be affected by interactions between local genetic variation and DNA accessibility, with the latter organized into three-dimensional chromatin structures. Analyses of these interactions have previously been limited, obscuring their regulatory context, and the extent to which they occur throughout the genome. Here, we undertake a genome-scale analysis of these interactions in a genetically diverse population to systematically identify global genetic–epigenetic interaction, and reveal constraints imposed by chromatin structure. We establish the extent and structure of genotype-by-epigenotype interaction using embryonic stem cells derived from Diversity Outbred mice. This mouse population segregates millions of variants from eight inbred founders, enabling precision genetic mapping with extensive genotypic and phenotypic diversity. With 176 samples profiled for genotype, gene expression, and open chromatin, we used regression modeling to infer genetic–epigenetic interactions on a genome-wide scale. Our results demonstrate that statistical interactions between genetic variants and chromatin accessibility are common throughout the genome. We found that these interactions occur within the local area of the affected gene, and that this locality corresponds to topologically associated domains (TADs). The likelihood of interaction was most strongly defined by the three-dimensional (3D) domain structure rather than linear DNA sequence. We show that stable 3D genome structure is an effective tool to guide searches for regulatory elements and, conversely, that regulatory elements in genetically diverse populations provide a means to infer 3D genome structure. We confirmed this finding with CTCF ChIP-seq that revealed strain-specific binding in the inbred founder mice. In stem cells, open chromatin participating in the most significant regression models demonstrated an enrichment for developmental genes and the TAD-forming CTCF-binding complex, providing an opportunity for statistical inference of shifting TAD boundaries operating during early development. These findings provide evidence that genetic and epigenetic factors operate within the context of 3D chromatin structure.
Evolutionary trade-offs in dormancy phenology
Authors: Constant Théo , Dobson F Stephen , Habold Caroline , Giroud Sylvain
Published: April 2024

Seasonal animal dormancy is widely interpreted as a physiological response for surviving energetic challenges during the harshest times of the year (the physiological constraint hypothesis). However, there are other mutually non-exclusive hypotheses to explain the timing of animal dormancy, that is, entry into and emergence from hibernation (i.e. dormancy phenology). Survival advantages of dormancy that have been proposed are reduced risks of predation and competition (the ‘life-history’ hypothesis), but comparative tests across animal species are few. Using the phylogenetic comparative method applied to more than 20 hibernating mammalian species, we found support for both hypotheses as explanations for the phenology of dormancy. In accordance with the life-history hypotheses, sex differences in hibernation emergence and immergence were favored by the sex difference in reproductive effort. In addition, physiological constraint may influence the trade-off between survival and reproduction such that low temperatures and precipitation, as well as smaller body mass, influence sex differences in phenology. We also compiled initial evidence that ectotherm dormancy may be (1) less temperature dependent than previously thought and (2) associated with trade-offs consistent with the life-history hypothesis. Thus, dormancy during non-life-threatening periods that are unfavorable for reproduction may be more widespread than previously thought.
The larva and adult of Helicoverpa armigera use differential gustatory receptors to sense sugars
Authors: Zhang Shuai-Shuai , Wang Pei-Chao , Ning Chao , Yang Ke , Li Guo-Cheng , Cao Lin-Lin , Huang Ling-Qiao , Wang Chen-Zhu
Published: April 2024

Almost all herbivorous insects feed on plants and use sucrose as a feeding stimulant, but the molecular basis of their sucrose reception remains unclear.
Helicoverpa armigera
as a notorious crop pest worldwide mainly feeds on reproductive organs of many plant species in the larval stage, and its adult draws nectar. In this study, we determined that the sucrose sensory neurons located in the contact chemosensilla of larval maxillary galeae were 100–1000 times more sensitive to sucrose than those of adult antennae, tarsi and proboscis. Using the
Xenopus
expression system, we discovered that Gr10 highly expressed in the larval sensilla was specifically tuned to sucrose, while Gr6 highly expressed in the adult sensilla responded to fucose, sucrose and fructose. Moreover, using CRISPR/Cas9, we revealed that Gr10 was mainly used by larvae to detect lower sucrose, while Gr6 was primarily used by adults to detect higher sucrose and other saccharides, which results in differences in selectivity and sensitivity between larval and adult sugar sensory neurons. Our results demonstrate the sugar receptors in this moth are evolved to adapt towards the larval and adult foods with different types and amounts of sugar, and fill in a gap in sweet taste of animals.
Protection afforded by post-infection SARS-CoV-2 vaccine doses: a cohort study in Shanghai
Authors: Zheng Bo , Gonçalves Bronner , Deng Pengfei , Wang Weibing , Tian Jie , Liang Xueyao , Yao Ye , Xue Caoyi
Published: April 2024

In many settings, a large fraction of the population has both been vaccinated against and infected by SARS-CoV-2. Hence, quantifying the protection provided by post-infection vaccination has become critical for policy. We aimed to estimate the protective effect against SARS-CoV-2 reinfection of an additional vaccine dose after an initial Omicron variant infection.We report a retrospective, population-based cohort study performed in Shanghai, China, using electronic databases with information on SARS-CoV-2 infections and vaccination history. We compared reinfection incidence by post-infection vaccination status in individuals initially infected during the April-May 2022 Omicron variant surge in Shanghai and who had been vaccinated before that period. Cox models were fit to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHR).275,896 individuals were diagnosed with RT-PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in April-May 2022; 199,312/275,896 were included in analyses on the effect of a post-infection vaccine dose. Post-infection vaccination provided protection against reinfection (aHR 0.82; 95% CI 0.79-0.85). For patients who had received one, two or three vaccine doses before their first infection, hazard ratios for the post-infection vaccination effect were 0.84 (0.76-0.93), 0.87 (0.83-0.90) and 0.96 (0.74-1.23), respectively. Vaccination within 30 and 90 days before the second Omicron wave provided different degrees of protection (in aHR): 0.51 (0.44-0.58), and 0.67 (0.61-0.74), respectively. Moreover, for all vaccine types, but to different extents, a post-infection dose given to individuals who were fully vaccinated before first infection was protective.In previously vaccinated and infected individuals, an additional vaccine dose provided protection against Omicron variant reinfection. These observations will inform future policy decisions on COVID-19 vaccination in China and other countries.
HiExM: high-throughput expansion microscopy enables scalable super-resolution imaging
Authors: Day John H. , Della Santina Catherine Marin , Maretich Pema , Auld Alexander L. , Schnieder Kirsten K. , Shin Tay , Boyden Edward S. , Boyer Laurie A.
Published: April 2024

Expansion microscopy (ExM) enables nanoscale imaging using a standard confocal microscope through the physical, isotropic expansion of fixed immunolabeled specimens. ExM is widely employed to image proteins, nucleic acids, and lipid membranes in single cells at nanoscale resolution; however, current methods cannot be performed in multi-well cell culture plates which limits the number of samples that can be processed simultaneously. We developed High-throughput Expansion Microscopy (HiExM), a robust platform that enables expansion microscopy of cells cultured in a standard 96-well plate. Our method enables consistent ∼4.2x expansion within individual wells, across multiple wells, and between plates processed in parallel. We also demonstrate that HiExM can be combined with high-throughput confocal imaging platforms greatly improve the ease and scalability of image acquisition. As an example, we analyzed the effects of doxorubicin, a known cardiotoxic agent, in human cardiomyocytes (CMs) based on Hoechst signal intensity. We show a dose dependent effect on nuclear chromatin that is not observed in unexpanded CMs, suggesting that HiExM improves the detection of cellular phenotypes in response to drug treatment. Our method broadens the application of ExM as a tool for scalable super-resolution imaging in biological research applications.Expansion microscopy (ExM) is a flexible, highly accessible, and widely implemented technique for super-resolution imaging of fixed biological specimens. For many ExM users, slide-based sample preparation and manual imaging limit the total volume of data generated and the number of conditions that are tested in parallel. In this work, we develop a simple and inexpensive device that allows the user to perform ExM within the wells of a 96-well plate. We show that samples prepared with our workflow can be imaged with a high-throughput autonomous confocal microscope, allowing for scalable super-resolution image acquisition. Our device retains the accessibility of ExM while extending the application space of ExM to problems that require the analysis of many conditions, treatments, and time points.
Immunogenicity and safety of a live-attenuated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate based on multiple attenuation mechanisms
Authors: Suzuki Okutani Mie , Okamura Shinya , Gis Tang , Sasaki Hitomi , Lee Suni , Kashiwabara Akiho , Goto Simon , Matsumoto Mai , Yamawaki Mayuko , Miyazaki Toshiaki , Nakagawa Tatsuya , Ikawa Masahito , Kamitani Wataru , Takekawa Shiro , Yamanishi Koichi , Ebina Hirotaka
Published: April 2024

mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 were rapidly developed and were effective during the pandemic. However, some limitations remain to be resolved, such as the short-lived induced immune response and certain adverse effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new vaccines that address these issues. While live-attenuated vaccines are a highly effective modality, they pose a risk of adverse effects, including virulence reversion. In the current study, we constructed a live-attenuated vaccine candidate, BK2102, combining naturally occurring virulence-attenuating mutations in the NSP14, NSP1, spike, and ORF7-8 coding regions. Intranasal inoculation with BK2102 induced humoral and cellular immune responses in Syrian hamsters without apparent tissue damage in the lungs, leading to protection against a SARS-CoV-2 D614G and an Omicron BA.5 strains. The neutralizing antibodies induced by BK2102 persisted for up to 364 days, which indicated that they confer long-term protection against infection. Furthermore, we confirmed the safety of BK2102 using transgenic (Tg) mice expressing human ACE2 (hACE2) that are highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2. BK2102 did not kill the Tg mice, even when virus was administered at a dose of 106 plaque-forming units (PFUs), while 102 PFU of the D614G strain or an attenuated strain lacking the furin cleavage site of the spike was sufficient to kill mice. These results suggest that BK2102 is a promising live-vaccine candidate strain that confers long-term protection without significant virulence.