bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A group of new hypermethylated long non-coding RNA genes associated with the development and progression of breast cancer
Authors: Filippova E. A. , Loginov V. I. , Lukina S. S. , Burdennyy A. M. , Pronina I. V. , Kazubskaya T. P. , Braga E. A.
Published: July 2024

Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women. The study of the mechanisms of metastasis, the main cause of death from breast cancer, as well as the search for new markers for early diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer is an extremely topical issue. New perspectives in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer are opened by the mechanisms of gene regulation involving non-coding RNAs, in particular, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). In this work, we analyzed the methylation level of seven lncRNA genes (MEG3, SEMA3B-AS1, HAND2-AS1, KCNK15-AS1, ZNF667-AS1, MAGI2-AS3, and PLUT) by quantitative methyl-specific PCR on a set of 79 paired (tumor/normal) samples breast cancer. Hypermethylation of all seven lncRNA genes was revealed, and hypermethylation of HAND2-AS1, KCNK15-AS1, MAGI2-AS3 and PLUT was detected by us in breast cancer for the first time. It was found that the level of methylation of the studied lncRNA genes correlated statistically significantly with the stage of the tumor process, the size of the tumor, and the presence of metastases in the lymph nodes. Thus, methylation of the seven studied lncRNA genes is associated with the development and progression of breast cancer, and these genes can be useful as potential markers in the diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer.
Melatonin enhances the effect of ABT-737 in acute monocytic leukemia THP-1 cells
Authors: Lomovsky A. I. , Baburina Yu. L. , Fadeev R. S. , Kobyakova M. I. , Lomovskaya Ya. V. , Krestinin R. R. , Sotnikova L. D. , Krestinina O. V.
Published: July 2024

Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine, MEL) is a hormone synthesized by the pineal gland. Due to its oncostatic effect, it can be considered as an antitumor agent and used for combination therapy. ABT-737, a Bcl-2 inhibitor, promotes cell death after treatment with agents that induce pro-apoptotic signals. In the present study, the combined effect of MEL and ABT-737 on changes in proliferative and mitotic activity, mitochondrial membrane potential, intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cytosolic Ca2+ was studied. Moreover, changes in the expression of anti- and pro-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2 and Bax), autophagy markers (LC3A/B (I, II)), endoplasmic reticulum stress markers (chaperones BIP and PDI, CHOP) were studied under these conditions. The effect of MEL together with ABT-737 led to an increase in the level of cytosolic Ca2+, intracellular production of ROS, and a decrease in the membrane potential of mitochondria. Under these conditions, the content of Bcl-2 increased, while the level of Bax decreased. The activation of CHOP stimulated autophagy and led to a decrease in the expression of BIP and PDI chaperones. These results suggest that MEL is able to enhance the effects of other chemotherapeutic agents and can be used in strategies in the treatment of cancer.
Latent macrophage and immature B cell lines generated with hygromycin-resistant murine gammaherpesvirus 68 genome expresses modest levels of viral miRNAs
Authors: Kara M.
Published: July 2024

Murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV68) establishes latency mainly in B cells and causes lymphomas reminiscent of human gammaherpesvirus diseases in laboratory mice. To study the molecular mechanism of virus infection and how the viral determinants control cell and eventually cause tumorigenesis, readily available latently infected cell lines are essential. For in vitro MHV68 latency studies, only two cell culture systems have been available. Gammaherpesviruses are known to infect developing B cells and macrophages, therefore we aimed to expand the MHV68 latently infected cell line repertoire. Here, several latently infected immature B cell and macrophage-like cell line clones were generated. Hygromycin-resistant recombinant MHV68 was isolated from a laboratory-made latent cell line, HE2.1, and propagated to develop stable cell lines that carry the viral genome under hygromycin selection. Subclones of these cells lines were analyzed for viral miRNA expression by TaqMan qPCR and assessed for expression of a lytic viral transcript M3. The cell lines maintain the viral genome as an episome shown by the digestion-circularization PCR assay. Latently infected cell lines generated here do not express viral miRNAs higher than the parental cell line. However, these cell lines may provide an alternative tool to study latency mechanisms and miRNA target identification studies.
The development of SpCas9 variants with high specificity and efficiency based on the HH Theory
Authors: Wang G. H. , Wang C. M. , Wu X. J. , Chu T. , Huang D. W. , Li J.
Published: July 2024

Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 (SpCas9) is the most popular tool in gene editing; however, off-target mutagenesis is one of the biggest impediments in its application. In our previous study, we proposed the HH theory, which states that sgRNA/DNA hybrid (hybrid) extrusion-induced enhancement of hydrophobic interactions between the hybrid and REC3/HNH is a key factor in cleavage initiation. Based on the HH theory, we analyzed the interactions between the REC3 domain and hybrid and obtained 8 mutant sites. We designed 8 SpCas9 variants (V1–V8), used digital droplet PCR to assess SpCas9-induced DNA indels in human cells, and developed high-fidelity variants. Thus, the HH theory may be employed to further optimize SpCas9-mediated genome editing systems, and the resultant V3, V6, V7, and V8 SpCas9 variants may be valuable for applications requiring high-precision genome editing.
The implementation of the national project “Healthcare” in the context of the restructuring of the economy
Authors: Nikolaev Igor , Cherepov Viktor , Sobolevskaya Olga
Published: July 2024

The implementation of national projects, including new ones, which were announced on February 29, 2024 in the Presidential Address to the Federal Assembly, can have a serious impact on the restructuring of the Russian economy. However, the mechanism of this influence, including through the implementation of the national project “Healthcare”, has not been sufficiently studied.
On the correlation between the processes of public administration and state regulation: theory and Russian practice
Authors: Chernykh Sergey
Published: July 2024

The article discusses the key theoretical approaches to solving the issue of the correlation between the processes of public administration and state regulation. Their specificity is investigated, which, depending on the relations of ownership or departmental subordination, is either with direct control influence, or with the normative establishment of the order of activity and the implementation of control over its observance. The practice of administrative / regulatory influence is shown on the example of a number of state structures. Priority areas for improving the efficiency of public administration and regulation are proposed.
Renewable energy in India: key trends, drivers and prospects
Authors: Klavdienko Victor
Published: July 2024

The article examines the features and trends in the development of renewable energy in India in the context of the modern transformation of the global energy economy. The dynamics of growth of installed capacity in the country’s energy sector by type of generation sources has been analyzed, and stable trends in changes in the structure of primary energy consumption have been identified. The main factors for the successful development of key areas of renewable energy have been identified. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of innovative schemes and instruments of public-private partnership in the development of renewable energy. The main government documents that determine the vector and pace of transformation of the Indian energy sector taking into account the global climate agenda are considered. It is concluded that with undeniable successes in the development of renewable energy and favorable conditions for its further growth, in the foreseeable future in India, traditional energy will not lose its significant importance due to the role that it and the infrastructure created for it play in ensuring economic growth and well-being population, sustainable energy supply and energy security of the country in the context of increasing turbulence in the global energy market.
ОСНОВЫ РОССИЙСКОЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОСТИ
Authors: ЕРМОЛЕНКО Г.А. , КОЖЕВНИКОВ С.Б.
Published: July 2024

Практикум представляет собой интерактивное учебное пособие, адресованное студентам первого курса, обучающимся по образовательным программам бакалавриата и специалитета. Практикум содержит творческие задания, учебные QR-коды с исследовательскими проектами, мысленные эксперименты, кейс-задачи и темы эссе, направленные на формирование практических навыков и гражданских компетенций. Темы соответствуют содержанию дисциплины «Основы российской государственности», направлены на развитие политической культуры, способствуют формированию российской гражданской идентичности, отвечают мировоззренческим запросам и духовно-нравственным поискам российской студенческой молодежи.
СОПОСТАВИТЕЛЬНАЯ ГРАММАТИКА СЛАВЯНСКИХ ЯЗЫКОВ
Authors: АЛЬБРЕХТ Ф.Б.
Published: July 2024

Пособие предназначено для студентов-русистов или для студентов-русистов с дополнительной специализацией «Славянские языки». В книге рассмотрены типы спряжения русского глагола и глаголов современных славянских языков (презентная основа), а также русские продуктивные глагольные классы и нетематический класс в систематическом сопоставлении с соответствующими глагольными классами в современных славянских языках и с привлечением диахронических данных. Пособие может быть использовано при изучении дисциплин «Сопоставительная грамматика славянских языков», «Старославянский язык» и «Славянский язык».
The Flavonoids, Phenolics, and Antioxidant Activity from Ethanol Extract of Fibraurea tinctoria Lour
Authors: Fathiah Fathiah , Purwaningsih Indah , Suryana Budi
Published: July 2024

Oxidative stress has long been associated with increased risk for several diseases. Antioxidant is a molecule that inhibits the oxidation of other molecules and delays or prevents oxidative damage. Natural phenolic and flavonoid compounds are plant secondary metabolites directly contributing to antioxidant activity. Fibraurea tinctoria Lour, often called the yellow root, is a plant that has long been known in the traditional medicine of the native tribes of West Kalimantan to treat several diseases, including malaria, jaundice, and diabetes. This study aimed to quantify the total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) contents and antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of yellow root stems. Yellow root stems were extracted by maceration in 96% ethanol for four days. The total phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidant activities were measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu, AlCl3, and DPPH methods. Phytochemical screening showed that the ethanol extract of yellow root stems contains phenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and steroids/triterpenoids. The total phenol and flavonoid contents were 40.2 mg GAE/g extract and 61.2 mg QE/g extract, respectively. The ethanol extract of yellow root stems showed moderate DPPH scavenging activity, with an IC50 of 152.13 ppm. From this study, it can be concluded that this plant could be a potential source of natural antioxidants.
Does siPantau Bumil GIS-Based Able to Increase K6 Visits and Reduce Complication for High-Risk Pregnant Women?
Authors: Fatmawati Happy Ika , Sumarni Sri , Ekoningtyas Endah Aryati
Published: July 2024

K6 visits and obstetric complications scope is one indicator of maternal health program services. Scarcely have these indicator’s achievements met the expected targets so innovation is needed to improve them. The method that can be used to increase the accomplishment is digitalization, through the use of applications to provide and improve the health services quality in monitoring pregnant women. The objective is to design and investigate the GIS (Geographical Information System) influence on pregnancy monitoring practice, especially on K6 visits and pregnant women’s high-risk obstetric complications in Pekalongan City. This research uses the Research and Development (R&D) method with a quasi-experimental research design and posttest control group design. The population is pregnant women with high-risk factors at 32 weeks gestation in Pekalongan City. The total sample is 60 people, who were divided into two groups, namely 30 respondents in the intervention group and 30 respondents in the control group. In the intervention group, pregnant women were given monitoring through the Sipantau Bumil application and K6 visit notifications, while in the control group, the K6 visit schedule was written in the KIA book. Moreover, the data analysis used the Chi-Square test. The result is the siPantau Bumil application has increased K6 visits with a significance value of p-value=0.012 (p<0.005). In addition, it also reduces obstetric complications with a significance value of p-value=0.002 (p<0.005). The conclusion is the GIS-based pregnancy monitoring application can increase K6 visits and reduce obstetric complications.
Development of an Early Detection Tool for Pneumonia in Toddlers with Ari Program Respiratory Rate Timer Based on the Internet of Things
Authors: Astuti Yuni Nur , Marsum Marsum , Sumarni Sri
Published: July 2024

Delays in establishing a diagnosis of pneumonia in toddlers can increase toddler morbidity and mortality. Early pneumonia detection tools are very necessary to be able to provide appropriate intervention. The objective is to develop an early-detection tool for pneumonia in toddlers using the ARI Programme Respiratory Rate Time based on the Internet of Things by calculating respiratory frequency and oxygen saturation. The research methods use Research and Development (R&D) was carried out on toddlers with cough complaints in the working area of the Grogol Health Center, Sukoharjo Regency from December 2023 to January 2024. The sample consisted of 100 toddlers who were selected using consecutive sampling. The dependent variables are respiratory frequency and oxygen saturation. The independent variables are ARI based on IoT, ARI Timer, and pulse oximeter. Other data is collected through observation sheets. Data were analyzed using independent t-test analysis using the SPSS version 26. The results of the validation test assessment by 6 experts obtained a total average score of 95.48% with very valid assessment criteria, which means the tool is suitable for use. The results of the Independent T-Test show that there is no difference between IoT-based ARI (Mean=39.28; SD=9.05) and Timer ARI (Mean±SD= 39.29±9.07), this result is not statistically significant (p=0.994) and does not exist. the difference between IoT-based ARI (Mean±SD= 94.90±2.55) and pulse oximeter (Mean±SD= 95.15±2.61), this result is not statistically significant (p=0.494). The conclusion is an ARI Programme Respiratory Rate Timer based on the Internet of Things tool can be developed for the early detection of pneumonia in toddlers and is suitable for use to determine the respiratory frequency and oxygen saturation in toddlers.
Mercury Pollution from Ilegal Gold Mining Activities and Its Impact on Human Health in the Anahoni River, Kaiely Bay, Maluku: A Review
Authors: Latuconsina Fachrul , Syah Nurhasan , Barlian Eri , Umar Iswandi
Published: July 2024

Illegal gold mining in the Anahoni River area, Kaiely Bay, Maluku, intensifies mercury pollution, posing grave environmental and health risks. Statistical analyses reveal a significant correlation between illegal mining and escalating mercury levels, necessitating urgent intervention. Environmental impacts include biomagnification in fish, affecting indigenous communities dependent on these resources. Health risks encompass neurological, reproductive, and respiratory implications, warranting targeted public health interventions. Examining the broader context, the global dimension of mercury pollution underscores the interconnected nature of the issue, requiring collaborative efforts. The toxicological aspects of mercury and its biogeochemical cycling inform potential mitigation strategies. Methodologically, systematic literature reviews, field investigations, and socio-economic assessments provide a holistic understanding of mercury contamination. Results highlight alarming mercury concentrations, with significant correlations between mercury levels, deforestation, and fish abundance, emphasizing the need for evidence-based policy decisions. Human health implications are evident through a positive correlation between mercury concentrations in river water and human hair samples, emphasizing the direct link between environmental exposure and health risks. Environmental impacts extend beyond human health, affecting ecosystems and necessitating global collaboration. The study underscores the importance of comprehensive policy frameworks, international collaborations, and community engagement in addressing the socio-economic roots of illegal gold mining. Mitigation strategies encompass regulations, sustainable practices, alternative technologies, and community-based initiatives. This review contributes to a nuanced understanding of mercury pollution in the Anahoni River, providing insights into the interconnected challenges and opportunities for sustainable solutions within a concise framework.
Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) in Victims of Sexual Violence Who Experience Trauma: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nurhalimah Nurhalimah , Hamid Achir Yani Syuhaimie , Putri Yossie Susanti Eka , Rachmawati Imami Nur
Published: July 2024

Incidents of sexual violence are like an iceberg phenomenon and continue to increase every year. However, this increase is inversely proportional to the rehabilitative efforts provided for victims of sexual violence. The impact of sexual violence is trauma that makes the victim feel helpless. Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavior Therapy (TF-CBT) is the therapy of choice to treat these impacts. This systematic review aims to determine the implementation and benefits of TF-CBT for trauma victims of sexual violence. The search used seven databases: Scopus, Sage Journals, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, PubMed, Clinical Key, and EBSCOhost. The research design used in the selected articles was three with RCTs, 5 with Quasy experiments, and 2 with cohorts. Selection is based on the criteria of article publication time in the last ten years, providing full text in English. The symptoms measured in trauma cases are PTSD, post-traumatic symptoms, mental problems such as depression, suicide attempts, and behavioral problems. The results showed that TF-CBT positively influenced all of these symptoms. Implementing TF-CBT also involves the role of parents and modifications with culturally sensitive principles. TF-CBT can reduce trauma symptoms. It is hoped that TF-CBT can be used in other trauma cases and apply modification principles that previous researchers have carried out by being culturally sensitive and involving the role of parents.
The Role of Hemoglobin in Maintaining Health: A Literature Review
Authors: Agesti Nireza , Damrah Damrah , Rasyid Willadi , Welis Wilda , Rahman Dally , Zarya Fiky
Published: July 2024

The role of hemoglobin in maintaining health is still not fully understood Thoroughly. Therefore, this literature review aims to uncover comprehensively the role of hemoglobin in maintaining health. Objective: The purpose of this literature review is to investigate the role of hemoglobin in maintaining health by collecting and analyzing current findings in the scientific literature. The methodology used is a systematic search through academic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus using relevant keywords such as "hemoglobin", "health maintenance", and "literature review". Articles that meet the inclusion criteria are selected for analysis. The samples in this review literature are scientific articles published within a certain time frame and focus on the role of hemoglobin in maintaining health. The population studied includes humans of various age groups and health conditions. The results of the analysis stated that hemoglobin plays an important role in maintaining oxygen balance in the body, supporting the function of vital organs, and preventing diseases related to hemoglobin disorders. Factors such as nutrition, environment, and health conditions can affect a person's hemoglobin levels. In conclusion, this literature review confirms that a deep understanding of hemoglobin's role in maintaining health is important for the development of prevention and management strategies for diseases associated with hemoglobin disorders. Thus, further research in this area is needed to improve general well-being.
The Effect of Sub-Acute Inhalation Exposure to Polyethylene Micro-Nano Plastics on the Histopathological Features of the Mammary Glands in Female Wistar White Rats (Rattus Norvegicus)
Authors: Kusuma Ihda Dian , Janasti Laksmitha , Sari Riana Trinovita , Nanda Britania Laila , Sulistomo Hikmawan Wahyu , Nurdiana Nurdiana
Published: July 2024

The majority of household appliances are made of plastic derived from synthetic petroleum and the result of polymerization processes. One type of plastic is Polyethylene (PE). Polyethylene (PE) contains antimony trioxide compounds that are carcinogenic in the body if ingested in excessive amounts, triggering cancer and oxidative stress, which can be observed by measuring the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the body. This study aims to determine the proliferation of abnormal cells in the lactiferous ducts and mammary gland acini as well as the increase in MDA levels. The research method used is a true experimental design with a Randomized Post Test Only Group Design. This study used the mammary organs and blood of female white rats that had been exposed to PE for 28 days. The number of samples used in this study was 12 female white rats. The results showed that there were significant differences in the histopathological features and MDA levels in the mammary glands. Based on the results of the Independent T-Test on the number of cell layers in the lactiferous ducts, acini, and the number of acini (p<0.05) and the Mann-Whitney test on MDA levels (p<0.05). There were significant changes in the histopathological features and MDA levels in the mammary glands exposed to Polyethylene (PE) plastic. Exposure to micro-nano plastics of PE type at a dose of 15 mg/m3 for 28 days differed significantly in the MDA levels of mammary glands, histopathological picture of mammary glands at cell proliferation events, both in the lactiferous ducts and acini cells. In addition, exposure to PE plastic has the potential to cause health problems in the breast organs if exposed for a long time and in excess doses.
Exploring Key Determinants of Trail Run Athlete’s Preparedness to Perform Pre-Hospital First Aid for Ankle Sprain
Authors: Zulkarnain Hakim , Indhiantoro Galih , Dewi Yulis Setiya , Astutik Wahyu Sri , Matos Filomena Adelaide de
Published: July 2024

Trail runs have a high risk of injury like ankle sprains. Proper ankle sprain first aid requires preparedness to prevent more serious danger and ensure its success in the pre-hospital setting. This study aimed to explore key determinants of trail run athletes’ preparedness to perform pre-hospital first aid for ankle sprain using the PRECEDE-PROCEED Model theory. The research method used a descriptive correlational which approached cross-sectionally. The research recruited 120 trail run athletes of two professional clubs who were selected by simple random sampling. Data was collected using questionnaires. The variables measured were knowledge, belief, value, attitude, and confidence. Bivariate analysis used chi-square and spearman-rho tests. Multivariate analysis used a logistic regression test. All of the statistical analyses used α = 0,05. The research results show that half of the respondents was 18 – 35 years old. The factors correlated to the trail run preparedness to perform pre-hospital first aid for ankle sprain was as follows. The majority had a medium level of knowledge (54,2%) and a significance level of p = 0.000. Similar trends were found between belief, value, and confidence in which there were no low levels of those variables with the same significance value of p = 0.000. Lastly, respondent’s percentages of attitudes were almost equally distributed between negative (45%) and positive (66%) with a significance level of p = 0,000. In multivariate analysis, all the variables had p-values < 0,05. The OR was as follows, knowledge 14,713; belief 77,919; value 27,554; attitude 7,213; and confidence 12,408.  The conclusion is found that knowledge, belief, value, attitude, and confidence were significantly correlated with the athlete’s preparedness Together all variables were correlated significantly to the athlete’s preparedness to perform pre-hospital first aid for ankle sprain. In conclusion, to improve athlete safety during trail runs is by improving the preparedness for any adverse event including trail runs. All of the factors could increase preparedness, but some factors resulted in higher preparedness. The factors that have more effect on preparedness than the others are belief and value.
The Effect Flavonoids Phaleria macrocarpa Fruit Extract on Thickness of Trabeculae, Cortex Ratio Femoral Bone and Aortic Intima-Media in Mice Menopause Model
Authors: Fadilah R. A. Rahmawati Nurul , Khoirinda Ani , Sutrisno Sutrisno , Irwanto Yahya , Anita Kenty Wantri , Dewi R. A. Rose Khasana
Published: July 2024

A deficiency of the hormone estrogen at menopause can lead to an increased rate of the destruction of the bone tissue that leads to bone loss, which can lead to osteoporosis and impaired fat metabolism, which increases the risk of atherosclerosis. Phytoestrogens from flavonoid extract P. Macrocarpa, having effects similar to endogenous estrogens themselves, prevent osteoporosis and atherosclerosis in menopausal women. The purpose of this research is to assess the influence of flavonoids from P. Macrocarpa fruit extract on trabeculae cortex thickness, ratio of femoral bone, and aortic IMT (A-IMT) in a menopausal mouse model. The study was conducted in a true experimental-posttest-only control group design. Using 32 mice; namely KN (normal mice with no treatment), KP (OVX with no treatment), P1(OVX and given flavonoid 3.75 mg/mice/day), P2 (OVX and given flavonoid 7.5 mg/mice/day), P3(OVX and given flavonoid 11.25 mg/mice/day), P4 (OVX and given flavonoid 15 mg/mice/day), the treatment given within 14 days. Then the thickness of the trabeculae, cortex, and intima-media aorta with Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining. In the trabeculae, cortex thickness ratio obtained KN results meaningfully dissimilar to the KP group and the P3 and P4 groups were meaningfully dissimilar from the KP. The A-BMI in KP is meaningfully dissimilar to P1, P2, P3 and P4. The conclusion of the study is flavonoid fruit extract P. Macrocarpa can increase the thickness ratio of trabeculae, and cortex femoral bone of mice menopausal model in groups P3, P4 and can decrease A-IMT starting in groups P1 to P4.
The Influence of Providing Information and Educational Media in Efforts to Prevent Stroke
Authors: Wijaya Cindy Eka , Pratama Irza Haicha , Girsang Ermi
Published: July 2024

Stroke is the leading cause of physical and mental disability worldwide. In Indonesia, the incidence of stroke is alarmingly high, affecting approximately 10.9% of the population annually, with around 713,783 individuals experiencing stroke each year. Understanding how to prevent stroke is crucial. Clear and regular information, along with effective educational media, are essential for increasing public awareness of stroke. This study aims to determine the impact of social media and knowledge on stroke prevention. This type of study is a non-experimental quantitative study using a cross-sectional. This study is conducted in portions, with patients who are willing and able to talk effectively. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were conducted using Pearson correlation tests and linear regression tests. The results show that among the 100 respondents, most were male, aged 41-60 years, and engaged in the best stroke prevention efforts. The Pearson correlation test showed significant correlations between information accuracy, frequency, and educational media for stroke prevention (Pearson p=0.89; p=0.62; p=0.75). The linear regression test revealed that the clarity of information, frequency of information, and educational media together increased stroke prevention efforts (p=0.037), with the clarity of information being the most significant factor. The conclusion is the study concludes that educational media and accurate information are crucial in preventing stroke. It is recommended that the Kasih Sayang Clinic conducts comprehensive stroke education and screening every six months to enhance prevention efforts.
Experimental evaluation of gradual argument acceptability semantics: The case of reinstatement
Authors: Bezou Vrakatseli Elfia , Prakken Henry , Janssen Christian P.
Published: July 2024

This paper investigates whether empirical findings on how humans evaluate arguments in reinstatement cases support the ‘fewer attackers is better’ principle, incorporated in many current gradual notions of argument acceptability. Through three variations of an experiment, we find that (1) earlier findings that reinstated arguments are rated lower than when presented alone are replicated, (2) ratings at the reinstated stage are similar if all arguments are presented at once, compared to sequentially, and (3) ratings are overall higher if participants are provided with the relevant theory, while still instantiating imperfect reinstatement. We conclude that these findings could at best support a more specific principle ‘being unattacked is better than attacked’, but alternative explanations cannot yet be ruled out. More generally, we highlight the danger that experimenters in reasoning experiments interpret examples differently from humans. Finally, we argue that more justification is needed on why, and how, empirical findings on how humans argue can be relevant for normative models of argumentation.
Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus HA-114 and Bacillus subtilis R0179 Prolong Lifespan and Mitigate Amyloid-β Toxicity in C. elegans via Distinct Mechanisms
Authors: Foster Stuart G. , Mathew Shibi , Labarre Audrey , Parker J. Alex , Tompkins Thomas A. , Binda Sylvie
Published: July 2024

Background:

Recent advances linking gut dysbiosis with neurocognitive disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) suggest that the microbiota-gut-brain axis could be targeted for AD prevention, management, or treatment.

Objective:

We sought to identify probiotics that can delay Aβ-induced paralysis.

Methods:

Using C. elegans expressing human amyloid-β (Aβ)1–42 in body wall muscles (GMC101), we assessed the effects of several probiotic strains on paralysis.

Results:

We found that Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus HA-114 and Bacillus subtilis R0179, but not their supernatants or heat-treated forms, delayed paralysis and prolonged lifespan without affecting the levels of amyloid-β aggregates. To uncover the mechanism involved, we explored the role of two known pathways involved in neurogenerative diseases, namely mitophagy, via deletion of the mitophagy factor PINK-1, and fatty acid desaturation, via deletion of the Δ9 desaturase FAT-5. Pink-1 deletion in GMC101 worms did not modify the life-prolonging and anti-paralysis effects of HA-114 but reduced the protective effect of R0179 against paralysis without affecting its life-prolonging effect. Upon fat5 deletion in GMC101 worms, the monounsaturated C14:1 and C16:1 FAs conserved their beneficial effect while the saturated C14:0 and C16:0 FAs did not. The beneficial effects of R0179 on both lifespan and paralysis remained unaffected by fat-5 deletion, while the beneficial effect of HA-114 on paralysis and lifespan was significantly reduced.

Conclusions:

Collectively with clinical and preclinical evidence in other models, our results suggest that HA-114 or R0179 could be studied as potential therapeutical adjuncts in neurodegenerative diseases such as AD.
Alterations in Gray Matter Structural Networks in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Source-Based Morphometry Study
Authors: Setiadi Tania M. , Marsman Jan-Bernard C. , Martens Sander , Tumati Shankar , Opmeer Esther M. , Reesink Fransje E. , De Deyn Peter P. , Atienza Mercedes , Aleman André , Cantero Jose L.
Published: July 2024

Background:

Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), considered as the prodromal stage of Alzheimer’s disease, is characterized by isolated memory impairment and cerebral gray matter volume (GMV) alterations. Previous structural MRI studies in aMCI have been mainly based on univariate statistics using voxel-based morphometry.

Objective:

We investigated structural network differences between aMCI patients and cognitively normal older adults by using source-based morphometry, a multivariate approach that considers the relationship between voxels of various parts of the brain.

Methods:

Ninety-one aMCI patients and 80 cognitively normal controls underwent structural MRI and neuropsychological assessment. Spatially independent components (ICs) that covaried between participants were estimated and a multivariate analysis of covariance was performed with ICs as dependent variables, diagnosis as independent variable, and age, sex, education level, and site as covariates.

Results:

aMCI patients exhibited reduced GMV in the precentral, temporo-cerebellar, frontal, and temporal network, and increased GMV in the left superior parietal network compared to controls (pFWER < 0.05, Holm-Bonferroni correction). Moreover, we found that diagnosis, more specifically aMCI, moderated the positive relationship between occipital network and Mini-Mental State Examination scores (pFWER < 0.05, Holm-Bonferroni correction).

Conclusions:

Our results showed GMV alterations in temporo-fronto-parieto-cerebellar networks in aMCI, extending previous results obtained with univariate approaches.
Identification of Blood Biomarkers Related to Energy Metabolism and Construction of Diagnostic Prediction Model Based on Three Independent Alzheimer’s Disease Cohorts
Authors: Wang Hongqi , Li Jilai , Tu Wenjun , Wang Zhiqun , Zhang Yiming , Chang Lirong , Wu Yan , Zhang Xia
Published: July 2024

Background:

Blood biomarkers are crucial for the diagnosis and therapy of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Energy metabolism disturbances are closely related to AD. However, research on blood biomarkers related to energy metabolism is still insufficient.

Objective:

This study aims to explore the diagnostic and therapeutic significance of energy metabolism-related genes in AD.

Methods:

AD cohorts were obtained from GEO database and single center. Machine learning algorithms were used to identify key genes. GSEA was used for functional analysis. Six algorithms were utilized to establish and evaluate diagnostic models. Key gene-related drugs were screened through network pharmacology.

Results:

We identified 4 energy metabolism genes, NDUFA1, MECOM, RPL26, and RPS27. These genes have been confirmed to be closely related to multiple energy metabolic pathways and different types of T cell immune infiltration. Additionally, the transcription factors INSM2 and 4 lncRNAs were involved in regulating 4 genes. Further analysis showed that all biomarkers were downregulated in the AD cohorts and not affected by aging and gender. More importantly, we constructed a diagnostic prediction model of 4 biomarkers, which has been validated by various algorithms for its diagnostic performance. Furthermore, we found that valproic acid mainly interacted with these biomarkers through hydrogen bonding, salt bonding, and hydrophobic interaction.

Conclusions:

We constructed a predictive model based on 4 energy metabolism genes, which may be helpful for the diagnosis of AD. The 4 validated genes could serve as promising blood biomarkers for AD. Their interaction with valproic acid may play a crucial role in the therapy of AD.
Effects of Intermittent Hypoxia Protocols on Cognitive Performance and Brain Health in Older Adults Across Cognitive States: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Boulares Ayoub , Pichon Aurélien , Faucher Corentin , Bragazzi Nicola Luigi , Dupuy Olivier
Published: July 2024

Background:

The rise in the aging population highlights the need to address cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases. Intermittent hypoxia (IH) protocols show promise in enhancing cognitive abilities and brain health.

Objective:

This review evaluates IH protocols’ benefits on cognition and brain health in older adults, regardless of cognitive status.

Methods:

A systematic search following PRISMA guidelines was conducted across four databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) and two registers, covering records from inception to May 2024 (PROSPERO: CRD42023462177). Inclusion criteria were: 1) original research with quantitative details; 2) studies involving older adults, with or without cognitive impairment; 3) studies including IH protocols; 4) articles analyzing cognition and brain health in older adults.

Results:

Seven studies and five registered trials met the criteria. Findings indicate that Intermittent Hypoxia Training (IHT) and Intermittent Hypoxia-Hyperoxia Training (IHHT) improved cognitive functions and brain health. Intermittent Hypoxic Exposure (IHE) improved cerebral tissue oxygen saturation, middle cerebral arterial flow velocity, and cerebral vascular conductance, particularly in cognitively impaired populations. IHT and IHHT had no significant effect on BDNF levels. There is a lack of studies on IHHE in older adults with and without cognitive impairment.

Conclusions:

IH protocols may benefit cognition regardless of cognitive status. IHT and IHE positively affect cerebral outcomes, with all protocols having limited effects on BDNF levels. Future research should standardize IH protocols, investigate long-term cognitive effects, and explore neuroprotective biomarkers. Combining these protocols with physical exercise across diverse populations could refine interventions and guide targeted therapeutic strategies.
The Role of Cognition, Affective Symptoms, and Apathy in Treatment Adherence with Noninvasive Home Mechanical Ventilation in Myotonic Dystrophy
Authors: Vosse Bettine A.H. , de Jong Jasmijn , la Fontaine Leandre A. , Horlings Corinne G.C. , van Kuijk Sander M.J. , Cobben Nicolle A.M. , Domensino Anne-Fleur , van Heugten Caroline , Faber Catharina G.
Published: July 2024

Background:

Chronic respiratory failure often occurs in myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) and can be treated with noninvasive home mechanical ventilation (HMV). Treatment adherence with HMV is often suboptimal in patients with DM1, but the reasons for that are not well understood.

Objective:

The aim of this exploratory study was to gain insight in the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment, affective symptoms, and apathy and to investigate their role in HMV treatment adherence in DM1.

Methods:

The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES) were used to assess cognition, affective symptoms, and apathy in DM1 patients that use HMV. Patients with low treatment adherence (average daily use HMV <5 h or <80% of the days) were compared with patients with high treatment adherence (average daily use of HMV≥5 h and ≥80% of the days).

Results:

Sixty patients were included. Abnormal scores were found in 40% of the total group for the MoCA, in 72–77% for the AES, and in 18% for HADS depression. There was no difference between the high treatment adherence group ( n = 39) and the low treatment adherence group ( n = 21) for the MoCA, AES, and HADS depression. The HADS anxiety was abnormal in 30% of the total group, and was significantly higher in the low treatment adherence group ( p = 0.012). Logistic regression analysis revealed that a higher age and a higher BMI were associated with a greater chance of high treatment adherence.

Conclusions:

This exploratory study showed that cognitive impairment and apathy are frequently present in DM1 patients that use HMV, but they are not associated with treatment adherence. Feelings of anxiety were associated with low treatment adherence. Higher age and higher BMI were associated with high treatment adherence with HMV.
Turkish cross-cultural adaptation, construct validity, and reliability of the treatment expectations in chronic pain scale
Authors: Aytar Ayça , Altintas Atahan , Gercek Hasan , Sarak Hazal , Pagé M. Gabrielle , Aytar Aydan
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Measuring treatment expectations using the Treatment Expectations in Chronic Pain (TEC) scale has the potential to help clinicians and researchers better understand the role that treatment expectations play within the framework of multimodal pain management settings. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to determine the cross-cultural adaptation, construct validity and reliability of the TEC Scale in the Turkish language. METHODS: The study included 191 volunteers aged 22–65 with chronic musculoskeletal diseases. This study composed of a six-stage cross-cultural adaptation process, which included translation, translation synthesis, back-translation, expert committee review, pre-testing and documentation submission. The Positivity Scale and Illness Cognition Questionnaire were used to measure convergent validity while the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to test divergent validity. The psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the TEC scale was examined by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Scale’s internal consistency was examined using Cronbach’s alpha. Pearson correlation coefficients were utilized to evaluate both convergent and divergent validity. The significance level was set at p < .05. RESULTS: The results of the CFA showed that factor structure of predicted subscale fitted well the data (x2/df = 3,07;CFI = 0,91,IFI = 0,91 TLI = 0,87,RMSEA = 0,10). The results of the CFA indicated that factor structure of ideal subscale fitted well with the data (x2/df = 2,38;CFI = 0,92,IFI = 0,93,TLI = 0,90,RMSEA = 0,08). Both subscales of the TEC were strongly correlated. The predicted subscale had moderate relationships to depression, anxiety, and positivity (r = -0.37 to r = 0.55) but poor correlations with measures of acceptance, perceived benefits and helplessness (r = -0.24 to 0.35). The ideal subscale had moderate correlations with measures of positivity (r = 0.36) and depression (r = -0.38) but poor correlations with measures of acceptance, perceived benefits helplessness and anxiety (r = 0.14). CONCLUSIONS: The Turkish version of the TEC scale is acceptable, valid, and reliable for use in Turkish patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain in physiotherapy outpatient practice.
Pengaruh Motivasi dan Gender Terhadap Minat Mahasiswa Akuntansi Untuk Mengikuti Ujian CPA (Studi Kasus Mahasiswa Akuntansi Universitas Mulawarman)
Authors: Bone Hariman , Kalapadang Betris , Hidayat Taufik Rahmat
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This research aims to examine the influence of motivation and gender on accounting students' interest in taking the public accounting certification exam. This research is motivated by the lack of public accounting firms (KAP) in Samarinda which is not comparable to the number of accounting graduates from Mulawarman University. This research collects data through a survey using a purposive sampling technique. The number of respondents was 88 active students from the Class of 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018 at Mulawarman University. Data was processed using warpPLS version 7.0. This research uses the theory of achievement needs and expectancies to describe student motivation in taking the CPA exam. The research results show that motivation has a significant effect on accounting students' interest in taking the CP exam, but this research did not find a significant effect between gender on students' interest in taking the CPA exam.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh motivasi dan gender terhadap minat mahasiswa akuntansi mengikuti ujian Sertifikasi akuntan publik Penelitian ini dimotivasi oleh kurangnya kantor akuntan public (KAP) di samarinda yang tidak sebanding dengan jumlah lulusan akuntansi Universitas Mulawarman. Penelitian ini mengumpulkan data melalui survei dengan Teknik purposive sampling. Jumlah responden adalah 88 mahasiswa aktif Angkatan 2015, 2016, 2017 dan 2018 di Universitas Mulawarman. Data diolah menggunakan warpPLS versi 7.0. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori kebutuhan berperestassi dan ekspektansi untuk mendeskripsikan motivasi mahasiswa dalam mengikuti ujian CPA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa motivasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat mahasiswa akuntansi untuk mengikuti ujian CP, namun penelitian ini tidak menemukan pengaruh signifikan antara jenis kelamin terhadap minat mahasiswa mengikuti ujian CPA.
Pengaruh Kompensasi Manajemen dan Biaya Hutang terhadap Penghindaran Pajak
Authors: Irawati Wiwit , Nadi Luh , Raphael Alexander
Published: July 2024

Abstract
This study aims to examine the effect of managerial compensation and cost of debt on tax avoidance, mediated by asset growth. The data used are secondary data from the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This research is motivated by the importance of government revenue from the tax sector as the largest source of revenue. The research population consists of companies in the property and real estate sector, with sampling using the purposive sampling method. The data analysis uses an intermediate test consisting of a regression model fit test, a classical assumption test and a regression test. The regression test is used to see the effect of each variable on the independent variable, which shows that neither management compensation nor cost of debt has an effect on tax avoidance. The same results were obtained from the results of the path test, which showed that asset growth does not mediate the effect of management compensation on tax avoidance, and the cost of debt variable, which showed that asset growth does not mediate the effect of cost of debt on tax avoidance.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh kompensasi manajerial dan biaya hutang terhadap penghindaran pajak yang dimediasi oleh pertumbuhan aset. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dari Bursa Efek Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pentingnya penerimaan negara dari sektor pajak sebagai sumber penerimaan terbesar. Populasi penelitian terdiri dari perusahaan-perusahaan sektor properti dan real estate, dengan pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji antara yang terdiri dari uji kesesuaian model regresi, uji asumsi klasik, dan uji regresi. Uji regresi digunakan untuk melihat pengaruh masing-masing variabel terhadap variabel independen menunjukkan bahwa baik kompensasi manajemen maupun biaya utang tidak berpengaruh terhadap penghindaran pajak. Hasil yang sama juga diperoleh dari hasil uji jalur yang menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan aset tidak memediasi pengaruh kompensasi manajemen terhadap penghindaran pajak, dan variabel biaya utang yang menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan aset tidak memediasi pengaruh biaya perusahaan. utang atas penghindaran pajak.