bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Triangulating Africa: Contemporary art as a terrain for creating China–Africa connections
Authors: Mo Lou
Published: July 2022

Colonization and race are important issues influencing international contemporary art practice, but related discourse is often focused with Europe or America at one end of a binary dialogue opposing the peripheries and former colonies. Since mid-twentieth century, following the independence of new nation states and events such as the 1955 Bandung Conference, there has been an increasing awareness to create new axes of sociopolitical connections. China–Africa relations evolve from this context but remains a topic mostly studied from state-level politics and economics. Recently, artists from the Greater Chinese context have started investigating ways of understanding Africa culturally through their artworks. Pu Yingwei (mainland China), Musquiqui Chihying (Taiwan) and Enoch Cheng (HK) are three young artists whose recent works focus on creating more intimate narratives to construct an understanding of China–Africa relations. China is introduced in the dichotomous mode of discourse, and this new triangulated focus expand the understanding of China–Africa relations by offering more nuanced perspectives.
Performing race and remaking identity: Chinese visual artists in New York during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Chen Feng
Published: July 2022

The mass shooting in Atlanta that killed eight people including six Asian women in March 2021 marked the new peak of the unceasing waves of anti-Asian violence since the outbreak of COVID-19 in the United States. In this context, this article examines how a group of Chinese visual artists in New York perform and remake their Asian identity on social media in response to a surge in hatred towards and violence against Asians in the United States following the outbreak of COVID-19. Based on my analysis of their visual rhetoric and media activism, I identify three approaches that this group of Chinese visual artists use to perform and remake their Asian identity. First, they performed their Asian identity by developing various visual rhetorics to combat and denounce anti-Asian discourse and hate crime. Second, their Asian identity emerged when they created new visual rhetoric to reimagine what it meant to be Asian in the United States. The new visual rhetoric enriched the understanding of Asian-ness and diversified the experiences of being Asian in the United States by overtly or subtly challenging Asian stereotypes as a product of the western imagination. Lastly, they claimed their Asian identity through seeking racial justice in a larger social context in collaboration with other racial minority groups.
Towards a post-anthropocentric aesthetics: Kerry Tribe’s Exquisite Corpse
Authors: Harris Keith
Published: July 2022

Kerry Tribe’s recent film on the Los Angeles River, Exquisite Corpse (), blurs the lines between genres. With aspects of documentary and experimental filmmaking, it captures interactions among human and non-human life, ecological systems and machines along the river. This article develops a post-anthropocentric aesthetics from the film by drawing on Sianne Ngai’s book, Our Aesthetic Categories (), and Rosi work on post-anthropocentrism. Bringing these resources together leads to three productive transformations of Ngai’s categories: the commodity aesthetic of cuteness becomes the differential aesthetic of interaction; the performative aesthetic of zaniness becomes the functional aesthetic of activity; and the discursive aesthetic of information becomes the peri-discursive aesthetic of sensation. The article concludes by arguing that these three aesthetic categories are well suited for describing how the contemporary built environment and the complexity of life within it might be perceived and assessed and, following Jacques Rancière, affirms these categories’ role in building a politics that is attuned to such complexities.
MICRONUCLEUS AND CHROMOSOME ABERRATION FREQUENCIES IN ALLIUM CEPA CELLS EXPOSED TO COASTAL SEDIMENTS FROM A POLLUTED ESTUARINE SYSTEM
Authors: Magdaleno Anahí , Paz Marta , Weigandt Cristian , Fabrizio de Iorio Alicia , Moretton Juan
Published: July 2022

The genotoxicity and mutagenicity of two compartments of sediment samples (pore water and whole sediment) were evaluated using the Allium cepa assay. The samples were collected from thirteen sites on the southern coastal strip of the Rio de la Plata (Argentina). Three biological parameters were analyzed in the root cells, the mitotic index (MI), and the chromosome aberrations (CA) and micronuclei (MN) frequencies. Most of the samples were genotoxic in the pore water compartment, probably due to the mixture of bioavailable heavy metal concentrations (Cd =0.050-0.950 mg/Kg, Cu=0.125-7.300 mg/Kg, Cr=0.019-1.850 mg/Kg, Pb=1.075-15.200 mg/Kg, and Zn=0.925-47.225 mg/Kg). However, half of the samples exerted genotoxic and mutagenic effects on the meristematic root cells when they were exposed to the whole sediment. This probably means that some contaminants in this compartment, such as heavy metals, would not be bioavailable in all of the samples. In conclusion, the A. cepa assay showed high sensitivity in detecting genotoxicity and mutagenicity in sediment samples from the southern coastal strip of the Rio de la Plata.
Technológiaelfogadás a felsőoktatásban : Az interakcióigény és az önszabályozás hatása az online tanulási szándékra
Authors: Halász Ágnes , Kenesei Zsófia
Published: July 2022

In the spring of 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic forced higher education stakeholders worldwide to introduce distance learning, which made it necessary to adopt entirely new teaching and learning strategies. This research explores the personal characteristics, which influence the acceptance of online education, such as the need for personal interaction or the ability for self-regulated learning. In this quantitative research, the authors used data collected from 307 higher education students via an online questionnaire to test their hypotheses. Structural equation modelling (SEM) showed that performance expectancy and hedonic motivation variables (UTAUT-2) directly affected online learning intentions, whereas this was indirectly influenced by self-regulated learning and need for interaction variables. Ultimately, the effort expectancy (UTAUT-2) variable had a non-significant effect on the endogenous variable, while the five constructs explained the intention to use online learning with a variance of 66.4%.
A kötelet húzni lehet, tolni nem : Digitális átalakulás, szolgálatosodás, vevőkapcsolatok egy szerződéses gyártó példáján keresztül
Authors: Mandják Tibor , Szalkai Zsuzsanna , Hlédik Erika , Neumann-Bódi Edit , Simon Judit
Published: July 2022

This paper deals with the relatedness of digital transformation, customer relationships and servitization in the context of contract manufacturing in Hungary. From an interactive point of view, this paper discusses digital transformation in inter-organizational relationships as an evolutionary process between contract manufacturers and their customers. A qualitative, case-study method was used for a single case. Components of the digital transformation process reflected the seller’s ability to solve problems and fulfil the customers’ needs. The two groups of strategic drivers are the purpose of fulfilling customer expectations and the efforts to increase efficiency. Customer expectations contribute, not only to the problem-solving ability, but also to decrease the uncertainty of the contract manufacturer. Efforts to increase efficiency contribute to fulfilment ability and decrease uncertainty of the contract manufacturer.
Az e-egészségügyi megoldások fogyasztói fogadtatása Magyarországon
Authors: Lányi Beatrix , Törőcsik Mária
Published: July 2022

Worldwide, the use of health services via the Internet and mobile technologies is spreading rapidly. E-health technologies are accelerating health processes, improving their efficiency and increasing consumer commitment to health. eHealth technologies offer entirely new opportunities to consumers to observe and improve their health behaviours. The authors’ study is based on the results of a representative survey of 1,085 people. They explored the Hungarian population’s attitudes towards health innovations. During the examination of new health monitoring devices and applications that can be installed on smart devices, they found that their usage is not yet widespread, but consumers showed significant openness towards them. Of course, the degree of acceptance also presumes the existence of different consumer groups. The authors also examine the diffusion of applications and innovative electric devices that are used for health monitoring. Their research can serve as a starting point to track the changes caused by the pandemic.
Climate Change and Economic Outcomes: a State-Level Analysis in the US
Authors: Korngold John
Published: July 2022

Growing economic inequality and increasing climate disruption are two major issues that are not always studied in accordance despite their interconnectedness. A better understanding of their relationship can help policy makers address both of these issues. Combining data from a study on city-level climate risk and readiness with data from the 2020 US Census, I run a series of OLS regressions to estimate the size effect of these two variables on 3 different economic outcomes. Although further research is required to establish causality, my findings suggest climate risk and unemployment rates are associated, in turn suggesting that policy-makers consider tackling both issues simultaneously. 
ON THE EXACT SOLUTIONS TO CONFORMABLE EQUAL WIDTH WAVE EQUATION BY IMPROVED BERNOULLI SUB-EQUATION FUNCTION METHOD
Authors:   Mersin University, Ala V. , Demirbilek U. ,   Mersin University, Mamedov K.R. ,   Mersin University
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we consider conformable equal width wave (EW) equation in order to construct its exact solutions. This equation plays an important role in physics and gives an interesting model to define change waves with weak nonlinearity. The aim of this paper is to present new exact solutions to conformable EW equation. For this purpose, we use an effective method called Improved Bernoulli Sub-Equation Function Method (IBSEFM). Based on the values of the solutions, the 2D and 3D graphs and contour surfaces are plotted with the aid of mathematics software. The obtained results confirm that IBSEFM is a powerful mathematical tool to solve nonlinear conformable partial equations arising in mathematical physics.
MORPHOLOGY OF THE PHASE SPACE OF ONE MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF A NERVE IMPULSE PROPAGATION IN THE MEMBRANE SHELL
Authors:   South Ural State University, Gavrilova O.V.
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the morphology of the phase space of a degenerate two-component mathematical model of a nerve impulse propagation in the membrane shell. A mathematical model is studied in the case when the parameter at the time derivative of the component responsible for the dynamics of the membrane potential is equal to zero, and the theorem about the fact that the phase space is simple in this case is proved. A mathematical model is also considered in the case when the parameter at the time derivative of the component responsible for the ion currents is equal to zero, and the theorem on the presence of singularities of Whitney assemblies is proved. Based on the results obtained, the phase space of the mathematical model is constructed in the case when the parameters at the time derivative of both components of the system are equal to zero. The author gives examples of the construction of the phase space, illustrating the presence of features in the phase space of the studied problems based on the Galerkin method.
HDPView
Authors: Kato Fumiyuki , Takahashi Tsubasa , Takagi Shun , Cao Yang , Liew Seng Pei , Yoshikawa Masatoshi
Published: July 2022

How can we explore the unknown properties of high-dimensional sensitive relational data while preserving privacy? We study how to construct an explorable privacy-preserving materialized view under differential privacy. No existing state-of-the-art methods simultaneously satisfy the following essential properties in data exploration: workload independence, analytical reliability (i.e., providing error bound for each search query), applicability to high-dimensional data, and space efficiency. To solve the above issues, we propose HDPView, which creates a differentially private materialized view by well-designed recursive bisected partitioning on an original data cube, i.e., count tensor. Our method searches for block partitioning to minimize the error for the counting query, in addition to randomizing the convergence, by choosing the effective cutting points in a differentially private way, resulting in a less noisy and compact view. Furthermore, we ensure formal privacy guarantee and analytical reliability by providing the error bound for arbitrary counting queries on the materialized views. HDPView has the following desirable properties: (a)
Workload independence
, (b)
Analytical reliability
, (c)
Noise resistance on high-dimensional data
, (d)
Space efficiency.
To demonstrate the above properties and the suitability for data exploration, we conduct extensive experiments with eight types of range counting queries on eight real datasets. HDPView outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in these evaluations.
Anomaly detection in time series
Authors: Schmidl Sebastian , Wenig Phillip , Papenbrock Thorsten
Published: July 2022

Detecting anomalous subsequences in time series data is an important task in areas ranging from manufacturing processes over finance applications to health care monitoring. An anomaly can indicate important events, such as production faults, delivery bottlenecks, system defects, or heart flicker, and is therefore of central interest. Because time series are often large and exhibit complex patterns, data scientists have developed various specialized algorithms for the automatic detection of such anomalous patterns. The number and variety of anomaly detection algorithms has grown significantly in the past and, because many of these solutions have been developed independently and by different research communities, there is no comprehensive study that systematically evaluates and compares the different approaches. For this reason, choosing the best detection technique for a given anomaly detection task is a difficult challenge.

This comprehensive, scientific study carefully evaluates most state-of-the-art anomaly detection algorithms. We collected and re-implemented 71 anomaly detection algorithms from different domains and evaluated them on 976 time series datasets. The algorithms have been selected from different algorithm families and detection approaches to represent the entire spectrum of anomaly detection techniques. In the paper, we provide a concise overview of the techniques and their commonalities; we evaluate their individual strengths and weaknesses and, thereby, consider factors, such as effectiveness, efficiency, and robustness. Our experimental results should ease the algorithm selection problem and open up new research directions.
Facilitating database tuning with hyper-parameter optimization
Authors: Zhang Xinyi , Chang Zhuo , Li Yang , Wu Hong , Tan Jian , Li Feifei , Cui Bin
Published: July 2022

Recently, using automatic configuration tuning to improve the performance of modern database management systems (DBMSs) has attracted increasing interest from the database community. This is embodied with a number of systems featuring advanced tuning capabilities being developed. However, it remains a challenge to select the best solution for database configuration tuning, considering the large body of algorithm choices. In addition, beyond the applications on database systems, we could find more potential algorithms designed for configuration tuning. To this end, this paper provides a comprehensive evaluation of configuration tuning techniques from a broader perspective, hoping to better benefit the database community. In particular, we summarize three key modules of database configuration tuning systems and conduct extensive ablation studies using various challenging cases. Our evaluation demonstrates that the hyper-parameter optimization algorithms can be borrowed to further enhance the database configuration tuning. Moreover, we identify the best algorithm choices for different modules. Beyond the comprehensive evaluations, we offer an efficient and unified database configuration tuning benchmark via surrogates that reduces the evaluation cost to a minimum, allowing for extensive runs and analysis of new techniques.
Towards distributed bitruss decomposition on bipartite graphs
Authors: Wang Yue , Xu Ruiqi , Jian Xun , Zhou Alexander , Chen Lei
Published: July 2022

Mining cohesive subgraphs on bipartite graphs is an important task. The
k
-bitruss is one of many popular cohesive subgraph models, which is the maximal subgraph where each edge is contained in at least
k
butterflies. The bitruss decomposition problem is to find all
k
-bitrusses for
k
≥ 0. Dealing with large graphs is often beyond the capability of a single machine due to its limited memory and computational power, leading to a need for efficiently processing large graphs in a distributed environment. However, all current solutions are for a single machine and a centralized environment, where processors can access the graph or auxiliary indexes randomly and globally. It is difficult to directly deploy such algorithms on a shared-nothing model. In this paper, we propose distributed algorithms for bitruss decomposition. We first propose SC-HBD as the baseline, which uses
H
-function to define bitruss numbers and computes them iteratively to a fix point in parallel. We then introduce a subgraph-centric peeling method SC-PBD, which peels edges in batches over different
butterfly complete subgraphs.
We then introduce local indexes on each fragment, study the
butterfly-aware edge partition
problem including its hardness, and propose an effective partitioner. Finally we present the
bitruss butterfly-complete
subgraph concept, and divide and conquer DC-BD method with optimization strategies. Extensive experiments show the proposed methods solve graphs with 30 trillion butterflies in 2.5 hours, while existing parallel methods under shared-memory model fail to scale to such large graphs.
Sancus
Authors: Peng Jingshu , Chen Zhao , Shao Yingxia , Shen Yanyan , Chen Lei , Cao Jiannong
Published: July 2022

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have emerged due to their success at modeling graph data. Yet, it is challenging for GNNs to efficiently scale to large graphs. Thus, distributed GNNs come into play. To avoid communication caused by expensive data movement between workers, we propose Sancus, a staleness-aware communication-avoiding decentralized GNN system. By introducing a set of novel bounded embedding staleness metrics and adaptively skipping broadcasts, Sancus abstracts decentralized GNN processing as sequential matrix multiplication and uses historical embeddings via cache. Theoretically, we show bounded approximation errors of embeddings and gradients with convergence guarantee. Empirically, we evaluate Sancus with common GNN models via different system setups on large-scale benchmark datasets. Compared to SOTA works, Sancus can avoid up to 74% communication with at least 1.86X faster throughput on average without accuracy loss.
CORE
Authors: Bucchi Marco , Grez Alejandro , Quintana Andrés , Riveros Cristian , Vansummeren Stijn
Published: July 2022

Complex Event Recognition (CER) systems are a prominent technology for finding user-defined query patterns over large data streams in real time. CER query evaluation is known to be computationally challenging, since it requires maintaining a set of partial matches, and this set quickly grows super-linearly in the number of processed events. We present CORE, a novel COmplex event Recognition Engine that focuses on the efficient evaluation of a large class of complex event queries, including time windows as well as the partition-by event correlation operator. This engine uses a novel automaton-based evaluation algorithm that circumvents the super-linear partial match problem: under data complexity, it takes constant time per input event to maintain a data structure that compactly represents the set of partial matches and, once a match is found, the query results may be enumerated from the data structure with output-linear delay. We experimentally compare CORE against state-of-the-art CER systems on real-world data. We show that (1) CORE's performance is stable with respect to both query and time window size, and (2) CORE outperforms the other systems by up to five orders of magnitude on different workloads.
Asymptotic topology of excursion and nodal sets of Gaussian random fields
Authors: Gayet Damien
Published: July 2022

Let M be a compact smooth manifold of dimension n with or without boundary, or an affine polytope, and let

f
:

M
→
ℝ

{f:M\to\mathbb{R}}

be a smooth Gaussian random field. It is very natural to suppose that for a large positive real u, the random excursion set

{

f
≥
u

}

{\{f\geq u\}}

is mostly composed of a union of disjoint topological n-balls. Using the constructive part of (stratified) Morse theory, we prove that in average, this intuition is true, and provide for large u the asymptotic of the expected number of such balls, and so of connected components of

{

f
≥
u

}

{\{f\geq u\}}

. We similarly show that in average, the high nodal sets

{

f
=
u

}

{\{f=u\}}

are mostly composed of spheres, with the same asymptotic than the one for excursion set. A quantitative refinement of these results using the average of the Euler characteristic proved in former works by Adler and Taylor provides a striking asymptotic of the constant defined by Nazarov and Sodin, again for large u. This new Morse theoretical approach of random topology also applies to spherical spin glasses with large dimension.
Production of cellulose nanofibers and sugars using high dry matter feedstock
Authors: Moulin Jordão Cabral , Soares Durães Alisson Farley , Jørgensen Henning , Moreira Francys K. V. , Sanadi Anand Ramesh , Denzin Tonoli Gustavo Henrique
Published: July 2022

Sugars are a sustainable platform for producing chemicals and polymers, while cellulose nanofibers (CNF) are sustainable materials with high specific mechanical properties that have an important role to play in many applications. This study highlights the feasibility of producing sugars and CNF using high dry matter (DM) content of 20 %. A commercial enzyme cocktail at low dosage, 5 mg EP/g DM, and a high 15 mg EP/g DM, were used to hydrolyze the pulp cellulose to produce sugars and CNF. HPLC was used to evaluate the cellulose conversion rate and amount of sugar realized. The CNF were studied using TEM, the diameter of the CNF were measured and estimate the crystallinity. The cellulose conversion plateaued at about 48 h for both the low and high dosage, indicating inhibition due to higher sugar concentration and/or increased recalcitrance of the remaining CNF. The CNF obtained at low enzyme indicated the fibrils were insufficiently separated. At the high dosage, less clumps were observed and with smaller diameter than with the low enzyme dosage. The high dosage also produced CNF with significantly higher crystallinity index, confirming that amorphous cellulose portions readily underwent enzymatic hydrolysis and left more recalcitrant CNF.
Competencias interpersonales, efectos en autoeficacia y competencias para el desempeño en el trabajo: perspectivas del pregrado
Authors: Magaña Medina Deneb Elí
Published: July 2022

Los estudios empíricos sobre las competencias para el desempeño en el trabajo se sustentan en su mayoría en las opiniones de los empleadores; sin embargo, es importante estudiar el rol de los estudiantes como actores fundamentales en la autoevaluación de su formación. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el efecto directo que las competencias interpersonales ejercen en la autoeficacia académica y las competencias para el desempeño en el trabajo que los estudiantes de pregrado perciben tener en una universidad pública del sureste de México. Se encuestó a 1158 estudiantes de pregrado de todas las áreas del conocimiento en una universidad pública del sureste de México. Como resultado del análisis, los índices de ajuste del modelo de relaciones estructurales reportan valores aceptables. Se concluye que, al comprobar las hipótesis establecidas con datos empíricos, se puede explicar el modelo teórico propuesto.
Produkty pochodzenia wodnego o różnym stopniu przetworzenia jako źródło Staphylococcus aureus metycylinoopornych
Authors: Kukułowicz Anita , Steinka Izabela , Siwek Adrianna
Published: July 2022

Produkty pochodzenia wodnego należą do głównych źródeł białka i innych składników odżywczych. Odgrywają one istotną rolę w diecie człowieka. Staphylococcus aureus uważane są za jedne z najczęściej występujących na świecie patogenów przenoszonych przez żywność. S. aureus nie jest rodzimą florą produktów pochodzenia wodnego, jednak bakterie te można izolować ze świeżo złowionych ryb. Dodatkowe zanieczyszczenie tych produktów może wynikać z niewłaściwego obchodzenia się z nimi, przechowywania w nieodpowiednich warunkach, przenoszenia patogenu przez pracowników, jak też może być następstwem zanieczyszczenia krzyżowego. Powszechne stosowanie antybiotyków w ostatnich latach doprowadziło do gwałtownego wzrostu oporności na antybiotyki wśród bakterii patogennych. W związku z powyższym niniejsze badania przeprowadzono w celu oceny występowania S. aureus metycylinoopornych (MRSA) w produktach pochodzenia wodnego o różnym stopniu przetworzenia (mrożonych, wędzonych, marynowanych i surowych). Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań wykazano, że MRSA najczęściej występował w próbach mrożonych (ok. 83 %), a najrzadziej – w produktach marynowanych (ok. 29 %). Pomimo tego, że najniższy odsetek prób, w których stwierdzono występowanie S. aureus metycylinoopornych, stanowiły produkty marynowane, to najniższą średnią ilość tych bakterii stwierdzono w przetworach wędzonych (0,54 log jtk/g). Ogólnie ok. 41 % prób było zanieczyszczonych tymi bakteriami.
Zastosowanie wybranych adsorbentów do wydzielania z podłoża hodowlanego gamma-dekalaktonu produkowanego przez drożdże Yarrowia lipolytica
Authors: Wacławek Wawrzyniec , Małajowicz Jolanta
Published: July 2022

Gamma-dekalakton (GDL) to cykliczny ester o intensywnym, brzoskwiniowo-olejowym zapachu, wykrywalnym przy stężeniu poniżej 5 mg/dm3. Związek ten stosuje się w przemyśle spożywczym do nadania właściwych cech sensorycznych takim produktom, jak: napoje, wyroby piekarskie, desery, słodycze czy gumy do żucia. GDL jest objęty statusem GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) i uznawany za bezpieczny dodatek do żywności. Lakton może być produkowany metodami chemicznymi lub biotechnologicznymi. Wzrost świadomości konsumentów i aktualny trend w kierunku bioproduktów przyczynia się do upowszechniania biotechnologicznej syntezy -dekalaktonu. Trudnością w produkcji GDL z udziałem mikroorganizmów jest wydzielenie go z podłoża biotransformacyjnego, stanowiącego mieszaninę metabolitów mikroorganizmów i nieprzereagowanego substratu lipidowego (kwasu rycynolowego). Celem niniejszej pracy była próba wydzielenie poprzez adsorpcję -dekalaktonu (GDL) z podłoży biotransformacyjnych, w których substratem był olej rycynowy przekształcany do związku zapachowego za pośrednictwem drożdży Yarrowia lipolytica. Efektywność adsorpcji analizowano przy zastosowaniu dwóch adsorbentów: Amberlitu XAD-4 i wermikulitu. Spośród dwóch badanych adsorbentów skuteczniejszym w adsorpcji laktonu z podłoży, w okresie fazy wzrostu logarytmicznego drożdży (4. dzień biotransformacji), był Amberlit XAD-4. Po 10 min od wprowadzenia tego adsorbenta do środowiska reakcji możliwe było zaadsorbowanie ok. 61 ± 3 % laktonu. Początkowa szybkość adsorpcji GDL na Amberlicie XAD-4 wynosiła 4,365×10-3 g GDL/g adsorbenta/min i była ok. 2,8-krotnie wyższa w porównaniu z wermikulitem. Wydłużanie czasu biotransformacji (do 7 dni) skutkowało zmniejszeniem efektywności adsorpcji.
Jakość mikrobiologiczna owoców suszonych pakowanych hermetycznie i sprzedawanych luzem
Authors: Śliżewska Katarzyna , Śliżewska Weronika
Published: July 2022

Popyt na owoce suszone wzrasta zarówno na rynku polskim, jak i na rynku globalnym. Na świecie produkuje się ich ok. 2,5 mln ton (głównie rodzynek), w Polsce ok. 8 tys. ton (głównie jabłek i śliwek). Owoce suszone sprzedawane w sklepach są często zanieczyszczone drobnoustrojami mezofilnymi, które powstają na skutek nieodpowiedniego przechowywania surowca oraz niewłaściwej obróbki technologicznej. Celem pracy była ocena stanu mikrobiologicznego owoców suszonych dostępnych na polskim rynku oraz określenie wpływu opakowania na jakość mikrobiologiczną tych produktów. Badaniom poddano owoce hermetycznie zapakowane oraz sprzedawane luzem. Analiza mikrobiologiczna obejmowała określenie ogólnej liczby drobnoustrojów mezofilnych, ogólnej liczby bakterii przetrwalnikujących tlenowych oraz pleśni, gronkowców koagulazo-dodatnich, bakterii z rodziny Enterobacteriaceae, w tym bakterii z grupy coli, Salmonella oraz Shigella. Badania mikrobiologiczne prowadzono metodą hodowlaną zgodnie z normami PN-EN ISO. Identyfikacji grzybów strzępkowych dokonano na podstawie obserwacji mikroskopowych oraz makroskopowych. Stwierdzono, że dominującą mikroflorą zanieczyszczającą owoce suszone były bakterie mezofilne oraz pleśnie z rodzaju Aspergillus. Na podstawie uzyskanych wyników stwierdzono brak gronkowców koagulazo-dodatnich oraz bakterii z rodzaju Salmonella i Shigella. Najbardziej zanieczyszczonymi produktami były rodzynki oraz daktyle. Najczystszymi produktami okazały się morele, zarówno pakowane przez producenta, jak i sprzedawane luzem, podobnie – żurawina i śliwki suszone. Generalnie jednak stwierdzono niski poziom zanieczyszczenia mikrobiologicznego badanych owoców suszonych oraz niższy poziom zanieczyszczenia owoców pakowanych hermetycznie niż sprzedawanych luzem.
Wpływ wzbogaconej w wapń dyni na wybrane parametry biochemiczne krwi szczurów po owariektomii
Authors: Wawrzyniak Natalia , Gramza-Michałowska Anna , Kulczyński Bartosz , Kołodziejski Paweł , Suliburska Joanna
Published: July 2022

Często obserwuje się w diecie kobiet niedobór wapnia, dlatego też ważne jest poszukiwanie nowych źródeł tego niezbędnego składnika mineralnego. Jednym z innowacyjnych produktów jest dynia wzbogacona w wapń. Dostarczenie do organizmu łatwo przyswajalnego wapnia może mieć wpływ na zmniejszenie objawów związanych z menopauzą. Celem pracy było określenie wpływu dyni wzbogaconej w mleczan wapnia, uzyskanej metodą odwadniania osmotycznego, stosowanej w żywieniu szczurów po owariektomii na zmiany parametrów biochemicznych ich krwi. Badania przeprowadzono na 12-tygodniowych samicach szczurów Wistar. Zwierzęta podzielono na 8 grup (n = 10), z czego 7 poddano operacji owariektomii. Szczury żywiono dietą standardową modyfikowaną w zależności od grupy: 1) kontrolna K(-) – dieta standardowa (bez modyfikacji), 2) kontrolna K(+) po owariektomii – dieta standardowa (bez modyfikacji), 3) OVXDEF – dieta z niedoborem wapnia, 4) OVXP – dieta z dynią niewzbogaconą, 5) OVXCaL – dieta z mleczanem wapnia, 6) OVXPCaL – dieta z dynią wzbogaconą mleczanem wapnia, 7) OVXCaLA – dieta z mleczanem wapnia i z dodatkiem alendronianu potasu, 8) OVXPCaLA – dieta z dynią wzbogaconą w wapń i z dodatkiem alendronianu potasu. Po 12 tygodniach od interwencji wykonano analizę składu ciała szczurów, następnie zwierzęta zdekapitowano i pobrano krew do analiz. W surowicy krwi oznaczono profil lipidowy, aminotransferazy ALT i AST oraz glukozę. Wykazano, że owariektomia wpłynęła znacząco na zwiększenie masy ciała szczurów, zawartość tkanki tłuszczowej, stężenie ALT oraz niekorzystnie oddziałała na profil lipidowy. Zaobserwowano ponadto, że dynia wzbogacona w wapń znacznie obniżała stężenie aminotransferazy alaninowej i triacylogliceroli we krwi szczurów po owariektomii. Podsumowując, można stwierdzić, że dynia wzbogacona w mleczan wapnia normalizuje parametry funkcji wątroby i parametry lipidowe u szczurów po zabiegu usunięcia jajników.
Effect of storage on the quality parameters of sea salt
Authors: Śmiechowska Maria , Ruszkowska Millena
Published: July 2022

Table salt (sodium chloride) is one of the most commonly occurring compounds on Earth. Sea salt is produced by the evaporation of sea water. Because of its origin, this type of salt is distinguished by a natural content of iodine and other valuable minerals (lithium, magnesium, zinc and selenium). Sea salt has a more distinctive taste compared to table salt, so that smaller amounts thereof can be used and, owing to its relatively low sodium content, it is considered to be the healthiest type of salt. The natural sea salt crystals impede the packaging and storage processes and also its dissolution during the technological process or during the food preparation by consumers in domestic conditions. Thus, the objective of the research study was to assess the effect of storage on the quality parameters of crystalline (commercial) and finely ground sea salt. The research material consisted of 6 sea salt samples, which were assessed in a crystalline (CH) and ground (RH) forms immediately after purchase and after 12 months of storage – crystalline (CP) and ground (RP) sea salt samples. The quality assessment of the sea salt samples was made on the basis of the following: water content and water activity, colour assessment, determination of loose (bulk) and tapped density, and static and kinetic angle of repose measured. On the basis of the analyses performed, statistically significant differences were found between the crystalline and ground salt samples taken from the purchased and stored packets; those differences were found in the L* colour parameter (brightness), the value of the Hausner ratio, and the values of the static and kinetic angle of repose. The performed quality assessment of the stored ground sea salt samples might constitute potential recommendations for both the consumers and the food technologists in various branches of the food industry.
Od pola do stołu – wymagania konsumentów w stosunku do rolników
Authors: Migdał Władysław , Migdał Łukasz
Published: July 2022

Unijna strategia „od pola do stołu” to jedno z kluczowych działań w ramach Europejskiego Zielonego Ładu (EU Green Deal). Jest to pierwsza, kompleksowa strategia Unii Europejskiej dotycząca ochrony środowiska oraz przeciwdziałaniu zmianom klimatycznym. Strategia „od pola do stołu” jest zgodna z unijną strategią ochrony różnorodności biologicznej, która ma wzmocnić obszary chronione w Europie oraz doprowadzić do odbudowy zdegradowanych ekosystemów poprzez zwiększenie areału rolnictwa ekologicznego, ograniczenie stosowania nawozów i pestycydów, zmniejszenie ryzyka im towarzyszącego. Priorytetem strategii „od pola do stołu” jest bezpieczeństwo żywnościowe, zrównoważona produkcja żywności, propagowanie bardziej zrównoważonej konsumpcji żywności i zdrowego odżywiania poprzez odejście od affluenzy (grypy konsumpcji) na rzecz etnocentryzmu (patriotyzmu) konsumenckiego, ograniczenie strat żywności i jej marnotrawienia, przeciwdziałanie fałszowaniu żywności w łańcuchu dostaw oraz poprawianie dobrostanu zwierząt – szczególnie zwierząt gospodarskich. Działania te mają na celu przekształcenie sposobu produkcji i konsumpcji żywności w Europie tak, by zmniejszyć ślad środowiskowy systemów żywnościowych i wzmocnić ich odporność na kryzysy. Ma to zapewnić obecnym i przyszłym pokoleniom bezpieczną i przystępną cenowo żywność. Priorytety te pokrywają się z wymaganiami konsumentów w stosunku do rolników i ich towarów. W strategii tej proponuje się ambitne cele i środki mające zapewnić zdrowie mieszkańcom Ziemi, ochronę środowiska oraz przeciwdziałanie zmianom klimatycznym, jednak powodzenie realizacji tej strategii zależy zarówno od producentów, jak i konsumentów.
Metody otrzymywania oleju kukurydzianego determinujące jego właściwości chemiczne
Authors: Susik Justyna
Published: July 2022

Olej kukurydziany jest bogatym źródłem związków bioaktywnych, w tym karotenoidów oraz nienasyconych kwasów tłuszczowych, takich jak alkohole lipidowe, do których należą fitosterole i tokoferole. Sposób otrzymywania oleju kukurydzianego determinuje zawartość wyżej wymienionych związków, a ich ilość zależy od wstępnego przygotowania materiału roślinnego do ekstrakcji. Ziarno kukurydzy zawiera 3,1 ÷ 5,7 % oleju, który w przeważającej ilości zlokalizowany jest w zarodku. Olej kukurydziany do celów spożywczych otrzymywany jest z zarodków. Stosuje się metody wydobycia, takie jak tłoczenie i ekstrakcja rozpuszczalnikami. Istnieją również sposoby otrzymywania oleju z całych nasion kukurydzy oraz z otrąb kukurydzianych, których właściwości są zróżnicowane ze względu na poziom zawartości substancji bioaktywnych. Ziarna kukurydzy przetwarzane są nie tylko na olej spożywczy, ale także na bioetanol stosowany jako dodatek do paliw wysokooktanowych. Technologia produkcji bioetanolu umożliwia otrzymywanie surowego oleju kukurydzianego pofermentacyjnego, który jest produktem ubocznym i charakteryzuje się większą zawartością fitosteroli (0,6 ÷ 0,93 % m/m) i karetonoidów (29,55 ÷ 40,53 mg/100 g). Surowy olej poferementacyjny nie jest dotychczas wykorzystywany do celów spożywczych, a jedynie jako surowiec do produkcji biodiesla oraz jako dodatek do pasz. Pomija się jego walory prozdrowotne. Olej kukurydziany charakteryzuje się zróżnicowanym składem i jest potencjalnym źródłem substancji biologicznie czynnych.
OCENA ZAWARTOŚCI WYBRANYCH SKŁADNIKÓW ODŻYWCZYCH I SUBSTANCJI BIOAKTYWNYCH W RÓŻNYCH RODZAJACH PIECZYWA DOSTĘPNYCH NA POLSKIM RYNKU
Authors: FRAŚ ANNA , GOŁĘBIEWSKA KINGA , WIŚNIEWSKA MAGDALENA , MAŃKOWSKI DARIUSZ R.
Published: July 2022

Background. Cereal products, including bread, play an important role in our daily diet and are a source of energy, nutrients and health promoting components. Consuming bread of the best possible quality is an important element of preventive treatment in times marked by the increasing number of dietrelated diseases in the society. There is also a need to research the quality of bread assortment available on the market. As a result, consumers will have access to information on the benefits of consuming highquality food and will be able to choose an assortment tailored to their own needs. The aim of this work was to assess the diversified content of nutrients and bioactive ingredients in popular types of bread available on the Polish market. Moreover, it was demonstrated how ingredients used for baking bread affected the chemical profile of the finished product. Results and conclusion. Eight commercial samples of bread with different composition declared on the labels were tested. In all samples the following nutrients were marked: protein, ash, lipids and starch, as well as bioactive components: dietary fiber broken down into insoluble and soluble fractions, total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. The analyzed breads differed significantly in terms of chemical composition, which resulted from the amount of raw materials used in production, production technology and additives used. The research showed that out of all samples covered by the analysis the wholemeal rye bread had the best composition and contained the highest content of ash (3.9 %), dietary fiber (15.2 %) and β-glucan (1.6 %), as well as high antioxidant activity (5.5 mg Trolox/g). The wheat roll had the least favorable properties – it had the highest lipid content (3.4 %) and contained the lowest level of ash (2.3 %) and most bioactive compounds (dietary fiber 5.6 %, lignin 0.2 %, resistant starch 1.2 %, total phenolic compounds 0.5 mg GAE/g and antioxidant activity 2.4 mg Trolox/g).
WPŁYW DODATKU BŁONNIKA I Β-GLUKANU NA PRZEŻYWALNOŚĆ BAKTERII PROBIOTYCZNYCH W MLECZNYCH NAPOJACH FERMENTOWANYCH
Authors: KARBOWIAK MARCELINA , MOSIEJ WIOLETTA , ZIELIŃSKA DOROTA
Published: July 2022

Background. Consumer interest in healthy food contributes to the development of functional products which, due to active ingredients they contain, are supposed to provide health benefits. Fermented milk beverages, classified as functional food, are among the products which consumers choose most frequently. They are appreciated mainly due to their taste, as well as beneficial nutritional and health-promoting properties. The aim of the study was to evaluate the survivability of the Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG probiotic strain in a model fermented beverage with the addition of (1) fibre or (2) β-glucan and (3) without additives and to assess the quality of these products during refrigerated storage. Results and conclusion. It was demonstrated that fermented milk beverages provided a good medium for the growth of probiotic bacteria. The number of viable bacterial cells in all beverages during the entire storage period was higher than the minimum dose recommended for probiotic products. Moreover, the overall sensory quality of both the fermented milk beverage with the addition of β-glucan and the control sample was similar. The study conducted confirms that β-glucan can be used to develop a fermented milk beverage with a large number of probiotic bacteria (>7.5 log cfu/ml). In addition, the designed beverage meets the definition of functional food because one serving (200 ml) contains 3 g of β-glucan, which is believed to have beneficial properties reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases and for which a health claim can be made.
La comunicación como estudio transversal: evolución de las facultades especializadas en España
Authors: Saavedra Llamas Marta , Toledano Cuervas-Mons Fernando
Published: July 2022

La transformación digital ha provocado una verdadera revolución en la industria de la comunicación. Este nuevo escenario ha originado la aparición de nuevos profesionales polivalentes y versátiles, que incorporan competencias humanísticas y técnicas, y que deben tener una visión global y una formación interdisciplinar. Además, la comunicación en sí se ha transformado en un eje de estudio transversal. En consecuencia, las facultades de Comunicación españolas han tenido que actualizar su formación con vistas a satisfacer la demanda del mundo profesional, cada vez más cambiante. A su vez, la crisis económica de 2008 aceleró esa transformación y se hace necesario que los planes de estudio estén actualizados para fomentar la empleabilidad. Este artículo presenta el mapa actual de facultades de Comunicación en España, analiza el porqué de las denominaciones de sus centros, cada vez más alejadas de las que adoptaron las primeras facultades en 1971 y se centra en las facultades híbridas, aquellas que anuncian en su concepción la fusión de la Comunicación con otra área de conocimiento. Mediante la revisión de su oferta académica, de las líneas de investigación y de la entrevista a sus decanos se pretende averiguar si el nuevo posicionamiento favorece la formación de los nuevos comunicadores.
The Unknown Music of Mascagni’s Cavalleria rusticana
Authors: Giger Andreas
Published: July 2022

Shortly before the premiere of Cavalleria rusticana, Pietro Mascagni cut 246 measures from his opera. This substantial section of music has remained largely unknown and has never been examined. Recent access to the original prompter's score, the score once in the possession of the first conductor (Leopoldo Mugnone), autograph letters, unexplored reviews, and a rediscovered staging manual have made a thorough evaluation of the cuts possible. These cuts fall into three categories: (1) those tightening the pace, (2) those reducing the taxing part of the chorus, and (3) those accommodating transpositions requested at the last minute by the star singers Gemma Bellincioni (Santuzza) and Roberto Stagno (Turiddu). The article argues that the cuts had consequences beyond their originally intended function, affecting the staging, drama, and formal conception. In the “Introduzione,” for instance, they lead to confusion about the way in which the scene should be staged; in the “Sortita di Alfio,” they eliminate music that functioned as the culmination of the aria's large-scale formal plan; and in the composite No. 5, they exaggerate the so-called dramaturgy of harsh junctures. In short, these cuts shed important light on the composer's original dramatic intentions and technical aspirations, and have lingered for over one hundred years without being considered for reinstatement.
Chopin’s Żydek, and Other Apocryphal Tales
Authors: Milewski Barbara , Werb Bret
Published: July 2022

Music scholars, critics, and popular writers have for generations told and retold the same tale about Fryderyk Chopin: namely, that the teenaged composer encountered Jewish folk musicians during his visits to the Polish countryside, was fascinated by their music, and even occasionally performed it. Our article endeavors to counter this and similar misconceptions about Chopin's connections to Jews and Jewish folk music, drawing on an array of historical, ethnographic, and literary sources previously discounted or overlooked by Chopin scholars, and freshly reexamining the composer's earliest correspondence. Having established an absence of primary documentation corroborating oft-repeated anecdotes about the young Chopin's interactions with Jewish music makers, we argue that the “Jewish tales” tenaciously clinging to the composer's biography reflect narratives rooted in later nineteenth-century nationalist rhetoric, anachronistic misreadings of Polish-Jewish relations, and unchallenged reliance on precedent writing. Finally, we offer a sampling of the folk and popular music Chopin would likely have heard, performed, and described to his family, citing material sourced from the work of the pioneering Polish ethnographer, and Chopin family friend, Oskar Kolberg.
The coexistence of autoimmune diabetes and maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY): a case series
Authors: O’Donovan Eimear Mary , Sanchez-Lechuga Begona , Prehn Emma , Byrne Maria Michelle
Published: July 2022

The coexistence of autoimmune diabetes and maturity-onset diabetes (MODY) is rare. The absence of pancreatic autoantibodies is a key factor prompting MODY genetic testing. In this study, we report three cases of young-onset diabetes with progressive beta-cell dysfunction, strongly positive glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies, and genetic confirmation of pathogenic gene variants of HNF-1A, HNF-4A, and ABCC8-MODY. The first case is a woman diagnosed with HNF-1A-MODY diabetes more than 30 years after her diagnosis of adult-onset diabetes at 25 years. She required insulin after her fourth pregnancy. She became ketotic on oral hypoglycaemic agents (OHAs) and subsequently, her GAD antibodies tested positive. The second case is a woman diagnosed with diabetes at 17 years who was subsequently diagnosed with HNF-4A-MODY after many hypoglycaemic episodes on low-dose insulin. GAD antibodies were strongly positive. The last case is a man diagnosed with diabetes at 26 years who was well controlled on OHAs and required insulin years later due to sudden deterioration in glycaemic control. His ABCC8-MODY was diagnosed upon realisation of strong family history and his GAD antibodies tested positive. All subjects are now treated with insulin. Less than 1% of subjects with MODY have positive autoantibodies. These cases highlight individuals who may have two different types of diabetes simultaneously or consecutively. Deterioration of glycaemic control in subjects with MODY diabetes should highlight the need to look for the emergence of autoantibodies. At each clinic visit, one should update the family history as MODY was diagnosed in each case after the development of diabetes in their offspring.

Learning points

These cases highlight the rare coexistence of autoimmune diabetes and MODY.

Deterioration of glycaemic control in subjects with MODY diabetes should highlight the emergence of autoantibodies.

One should revise and update the family history as the diagnosis of MODY was made after the development of diabetes in offspring.

Understanding the spectrum of diabetes allows for precision medicine.