bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thematic Contents of Mental Imagery are Shaped by Concurrent Task-Irrelevant Music
Authors: Taruffi Liila , Ayyildiz Ceren , Herff Steffen A.
Published: August 2023

Imagination plays a key role in evidence-based, cognitive therapies, and recent research highlights that music – a perceptual stimulus imbued with affective and social meaning – can influence some aspects of imagination, such as vividness and emotional tone. However, little is known about music's capability to facilitate specific imagery themes that may be relevant for therapy. Here, we examine whether the quantity and quality (related to themes of affect, social dynamics, and confidence) of people's imagery is affected by the presence of task-irrelevant background music. One hundred participants imagined the continuation of a figure's journey while listening to different musical excerpts or silence. Written reports of imagined journeys underwent linguistic analysis to reveal the number of words belonging to the themes of interest. Bayesian Mixed Effects models revealed that music ( vs. silence) led to longer reports and predicted imagery characterised by affect, social dynamics, and confidence. Implications for therapy are discussed.
Comparison of two joint-preserving treatments for osteonecrosis of the femoral head: core decompression and core decompression with additional cancellous bone grafting
Authors: Woerner Michael , Voelkl Korbinian , Bliemel Christopher , Ferner Felix , Weber Markus , Renkawitz Tobias , Grifka Joachim , Craiovan Benjamin
Published: August 2023

Objective

Femoral head necrosis (FHN) affects mostly young and active people. The most common operative therapy is core decompression (CD) with optional cancellous bone grafting (CBG). Because little information is available on the long-term results of these procedures, we investigated the effectiveness of CD and CD + CBG in patients with ARCO stage II FHN in terms of postoperative pain, range of motion, patient-reported outcome measures (Harris Hip Score, Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, EuroQol 5D, and Short Form 36 Questionnaire), and disease progression.

Methods

We retrospectively compared 11 patients treated with CD alone 48.0 months (range, 26.3–68.5 months) postoperatively versus 11 patients treated with CD + CBG 69.2 months (range, 38.0–92.9 months) postoperatively. All patients were assessed according to a routine clinical protocol involving a clinical examination, questionnaires, and radiological imaging (X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging).

Results

The clinical and radiological results showed no significant differences between the two groups. Both interventions demonstrated equal results according to clinical scores.

Conclusions

Our data may encourage application of the less invasive technique of CD alone without CBG, which is more surgically demanding. Further prospective studies with longer follow-up are necessary to clarify the risk factors for therapy failure.
Rapid Prestressed Concrete Retrofit with Prestressed Mechanically-Fastened Fiber-Reinforced Polymer: Field Performance and Observation for a Deteriorated Prestressed Concrete Bridge
Authors: Lin Sheng-Hsuan , McCoy Brad C. , Lucier Gregory W. , Seracino Rudolf , Pierce Nicholas A.
Published: August 2023

This paper presents repairs to rural bridges in North Carolina that deteriorated as a result variously of aging, overweight traffic, and exposure to salts and sulfates. The prestressed concrete C-channel superstructures exhibited prestressing strand loss and displayed significant concrete spalling, with one structure having to be closed to traffic after a routine inspection. Analysis conducted using the American Association of State Highway and Transportations Officials (AASHTO) bridge load rating criteria concluded that repair techniques which strengthen deteriorated flexural elements without also restoring lost prestressing forces are insufficient to maintain load ratings in C-channel structures with heavily damaged prestressing tendons. A prestressed mechanically-fastened fiber-reinforced polymer (MF-FRP) retrofit solution was developed and successfully installed on three structures by the authors and North Carolina Department of Transportation maintenance crews. The most extensive of these three repairs is presented here in detail. The field applications and associated analysis show the temporary MF-FRP repair system is capable of restoring lost prestressing forces, allowing original inventory and operating ratings to remain in place until a permanent superstructure replacement can be scheduled. The most heavily repaired bridge remains in service after 23 months, its performance demonstrated by long-term monitoring data. As currently implemented, the MF-FRP repair is a viable temporary solution for maintaining traffic on a degraded structure while a replacement structure is designed, programmed, and implemented. Efforts to expand the MF-FRP repair into a longer-term solution are underway.
A Mixed Method Investigation of Associations Between Caregiver Attachment and Natural Mentoring Relationships Among Black Adolescents
Authors: Charity-Parker Bianka M. , Negrete Andrea , Deutsch Nancy L. , Hurd Noelle M.
Published: August 2023

An integral change that occurs during adolescence is the development of independent close relationships outside of the immediate family unit. In addition to relationships with peers, adolescents are commonly engaged in natural mentoring relationships. Natural mentoring relationships are organically formed mentoring bonds between youth and adults in their pre-existing social networks. In an effort to better uncover factors that contribute to the development of natural mentoring relationships among Black adolescents, the current study examined a pathway between adolescents’ attachment to their parents and the quantity of natural mentors they possessed via their perceptions of adults as helpful. Survey data from 217 Black adolescents and interview data from a subsample of participants ( n = 25) and their parents ( n = 25) were utilized. Our findings document how parent-adolescent attachment is experienced among Black families and how attachment may shape adolescents’ willingness to pursue supportive relationships with non-parental adults. In addition, our findings indicate that more secure parent-adolescent attachment predict greater quantity of natural mentoring relationships indirectly via greater perceptions of adults as helpful. Implications of study findings for the promotion of natural mentoring relationships among Black youth are discussed.
Evaluation and comparison of the efficacy of autologous fibrin glue with 4-0 silk sutures in periodontal flap closure and wound healing - A split mouth randomized controlled trial
Authors: Pradhan Neha , Anup Belludi Sphoorthi , R Sreeparvathy , HR Veena , James Rani
Published: August 2023

Background

Fibrin glue has shown to be a pioneering remedy to overcome the inconvenience of suturing. Autologous products reduce the risk of contamination and immunological responses compared to commercial fibrin glue. Hence using autologous fibrin glue (AFG) as a tissue sealant in periodontal flap closure would be of added value for a predictable outcome.

Objective

To evaluate and compare the efficacy of AFG with 4-0 silk sutures in periodontal flap closure and healing.

Material and methods

Total of 17 patients diagnosed with generalized periodontitis in the age group of 18 to 60 years with probing pocket depth of ≥ 6 mm and clinical attachment level of ≥5 mm in at least two quadrants were categorized into test group (AFG) and control group (4-0 silk sutures). Primary outcome measures [modified gingival index (MGI), early wound index (EHI) and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1ß) and secondary outcome measures (oral hygiene index, plaque index and visual analog scale (VAS) were recorded at baseline, 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks.

Results

A statistically significant reduction of IL-1ß value ( p =.005); MGI ( p = .02); EHI ( p = .004), VAS scores ( p < .001) and a positive Spearman's correlation (rho = 0.15) was seen between EHI scores & IL-1ß levels in test group at 1week period in comparison to control group.

Conclusion

AFG showed promising results as an alternative to sutures. The use of AFG significantly improved clinical parameters and reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines making it an effective adhesive with healing properties in the era of suture-less periodontal flap surgery.
Cross-National Analysis of the Associations Between Familism and Self-Efficacy in Family Caregivers of People With Dementia: Effects on Burden and Depression
Authors: Losada-Baltar Andrés , Falzarano Francesca B. , Hancock David W. , Márquez-González María , Pillemer Karl , Huertas-Domingo Cristina , Jiménez-Gonzalo Lucía , Fernandes-Pires José A. , Czaja Sara J.
Published: August 2023

Objectives: To examine the cross-national associations between familism and self-efficacy dimensions, and levels of burden and depression. Methods: Sociodemographic, familism, self-efficacy, depressive symptoms, and burden variables were measured in 349 dementia family caregivers from the US and Spain. Results: US sample: greater support from family was positively related to self-efficacy for obtaining respite and self-efficacy for controlling upsetting thoughts and behaviors. Both self-efficacy constructs were negatively related to depression. Similar findings were obtained for burden. Spanish sample: higher scores on family as referents were associated with lower scores on self-efficacy for obtaining respite; lower scores on self-efficacy for obtaining respite were associated with higher depressive symptomatology. Discussion: Study findings suggest that a significant interplay exists between the various facets of familism and self-efficacy, leading to differential caregiving outcomes. Unique cultural contexts and values derived from each country may exert distinct influences on how the caregiving role is perceived and appraised.
Investigation on turning of Inconel 718 using differently coated microtextured tools
Authors: Guo Dongyun , Wang Dazhong , Wu Shujing , Qi Huan , Saetang Viboon
Published: August 2023

In this paper, the performance of three microtextured tools in machining Inconel 718 high-temperature alloy under two different coating conditions was investigated using the finite element method. Firstly, the theoretical tool-chip contact length model of the microtextured tool is established. Secondly, the theoretical model of cutting force and cutting the heat of the surface weave tool is established using the theoretical tool-chip contact length model. The theoretical analysis of cutting force and cutting temperature of the microtextured tool is carried out according to the variation law of the theoretical tool-chip contact length. And finally, the finite element simulation model is established. The effect of changing the coating material on the machining performance of microtextured tools is discussed by changing the coating material on the tool surface. By establishing the simulation model, the changing patterns of cutting force, cutting temperature and effective stress of the three microtextured tools are compared under different coating materials. Adding coating materials to the tool surface can effectively improve machining efficiency. In addition, it is proposed that different microtexture shapes produce different degrees of secondary cutting during the turning of microtextured tools.
Experimental investigation on process parameters induced mechanical and microstructural properties for laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing of SS316L
Authors: Gor Meet , Soni Harsh , Srivastava Nishkarsh , Arora Amit , Sahlot Pankaj , Oza Ankit , Gehlot Anita
Published: August 2023

The effect of energy density on different mechanical, microstructural and surface properties was examined for laser powder bed fusion of additively manufactured stainless steel 316L (AM SS316L). The energy density was varied by changing laser power from 80 to 180 W to print AM SS316L samples. The investigations include various mechanical tests and microstructural characterizations such as tensile strength, hardness, density, roughness, wear and residual stresses. At an energy density of 84 J/mm3, maximum tensile strength, hardness and density were obtained as 640 MPa, 246 HV and 99.47%, respectively. However, a minimum wear rate of 1.9 (mm3/(N*m))*10−5 was achieved at an energy density of 84 J/mm3. Residual stresses were tensile on the top surface and varied with the energy density. The corrosion performance of SS316L was measured in Ringer's solution for bio-implant applications with the potentiodynamic polarization test. The minimum corrosion rate was obtained at an energy density of 37 J/mm3. The microstructure behavior with respect to different characterizations was examined. The non-homogenous grain growth was observed with the cellular and columnar grains. This study would help to find optimum parameters for desired mechanical and surface properties.
Experimental investigation of replication accuracy of polymer-based microfluidic chip fabricated through induction-assisted hot embossing and parametric optimization through nature-inspired algorithms
Authors: Deshmukh Swarup S. , Goswami Arjyajyoti
Published: August 2023

Hot embossing (HE) creates micron-scaled patterns on a polymer substrate. Conventional-HE faces a long cycle-time issue and reduces productivity. An induction-assisted HE (IHE) setup was developed in-house to solve this issue. A microfluidic chip was made using an in-house developed setup on polymethyl methacrylate. Micro-features on aluminum-6061 mold were made using fiber laser machining instead of photolithography, followed-by reactive ion etching or electroplating to save both costs and time. Accurate micropattern replication is vital for HE. Embossing factors affect replication accuracy. Less deviation in micro-channel depth improves replication accuracy. The experimental data was gathered via L27 orthogonal array. Linear regression was used to connect process parameters and response variables. The embossing temperature affects micro-channel depth by 79.78%. Particle swarm optimization, artificial bee colony (ABC), firefly algorithm (FA), and grey wolf optimization (GWO) optimized IHE process parameters. Firefly algorithm outperformed. The FA converged in four iterations, whereas particle swarm optimization took 12 and ABC 38. All methods (excluding GWO) reached 6.5809 μm, the global best. A confirmation test shows optimal operating conditions reduce embossed micro-channel depth variation from 126.758 μm to 7.0327 μm and improve replication accuracy from 19.94% to 95.50%. The predicted and experimental embossed micro-channel depth deviation percentile error is 6.86%. An IHE setup was used to bond the microfluidic chip. The microchannel in the microfluidic chip was treated with vaporized bonding before thermal bonding to prevent deformation/blocking. No blue ink leaked during the testing of the manufactured microfluidic chip, showing acceptable quality.
Review of phase change material application in thermal management of electric vehicle battery pack
Authors: Rani Moda Geetha , Rangasamy Rajaraman
Published: August 2023

Thermal management is a crucial design aspect for the safety and performance of the Lithium-ion battery pack used in electric vehicles. Phase change material (PCM) based battery thermal management is one of the appropriate passive or hybrid thermal management. The present paper highlights the selection of PCM depends on various factors related to application operating conditions like ambient temperature, the heat released by the battery, and the type of battery pack design. In selecting PCM, a thorough understanding of various PCMs requires an overall review of multiple types and properties of organic and inorganic PCM, using phase change equilibrium diagrams to comprehend phase change transformations. Further, the present work summarizes the various studies on PCM durability, different thermal performance enhancement techniques, and methodology for selecting PCM; as a result, assisting the researchers and engineers in choosing the appropriate PCM for the various EV battery thermal management applications in terms of chemical, thermal, and economic aspects
Bivariate copula regression models for semi-competing risks
Authors: Wei Yinghui , Wojtyś Małgorzata , Sorrell Lexy , Rowe Peter
Published: August 2023

Time-to-event semi-competing risk endpoints may be correlated when both events occur on the same individual. These events and the association between them may also be influenced by individual characteristics. In this article, we propose copula survival models to estimate hazard ratios of covariates on the non-terminal and terminal events, along with the effects of covariates on the association between the two events. We use the Normal, Clayton, Frank and Gumbel copulas to provide a variety of association structures between the non-terminal and terminal events. We apply the proposed methods to model semi-competing risks of graft failure and death for kidney transplant patients. We find that copula survival models perform better than the Cox proportional hazards model when estimating the non-terminal event hazard ratio of covariates. We also find that the inclusion of covariates in the association parameter of the copula models improves the estimation of the hazard ratios.
Autonomy and bioethics in fan responses to Orphan Black
Authors: Eilmus Ayden , Bradley Avery , Clayton Jay
Published: August 2023

Viewers’ responses to Orphan Black (2013–2017), a popular, genetics-themed sci-fi television series, reveal much about public understanding of the ethical challenges associated with genetic science. In this article, we assess how fans of Orphan Black process the bioethical themes that are prominent in the show through an analysis of 182 viewer-created blog posts. Using a mixed methods approach, our findings reveal that Orphan Black’s fans distill the essence of the show down to its characters’ fight for autonomy. Furthermore, fan blogs reveal two notable pathways through which this bioethical principle is explored: gender and reproduction. Viewers draw striking connections between the moral problems they observe on screen in Orphan Black and those they see in the real world—both today and in a possible future—particularly as those problems affect women. While existing scholarship acknowledges these themes in the show itself, our approach demonstrates science fiction fans’ active participation in meaning-making and bioethical reasoning and offers a novel approach to studying fan-generated content for public understanding of science research.
Perplexities Between Enemy Aliens and Their Motherland: The UK Government's Measures for British Civilians Stranded in the Far East, 1941–2011
Authors: Yang Chan
Published: August 2023

This paper explores the British government’s measures for its civilian subjects stranded as ‘enemy aliens’ in Japanese-controlled areas in the Far East during World War II. The British government tried to protect the interests of these Far Eastern subjects during the war and in the immediate postwar period. Its manner of dealing with the latter’s redress movement from the late 1980s was initially reluctant but eventually became relatively adequate, thanks to the twin pressures of domestic public opinion and precedents set by other former Allied governments and the resolute struggles of the ex–Far Eastern subjects themselves.
Postmortem diagnoses and factors influencing diagnoses in captive white-tailed deer in Wisconsin, 2009–2021
Authors: Clarke Lorelei L.
Published: August 2023

There have been significant changes to Wisconsin agriculture since ~2010, one of which is the growth of commercial farming of white-tailed deer (WTD; Odocoileus virginianus). These high-density populations may lead to the emergence of previously unrecognized or under-recognized disease trends. I evaluated archived pathology records at the Wisconsin Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (WVDL) from 2009–2021 for captive WTD postmortem cases and included records from 277 WTD cases. Diagnoses were found in 81.9% of cases, with an average of 1.3 diagnoses per animal. Submissions with a clinical history of respiratory disease were 7.0 times more likely to have a diagnosis than the average case. Fawns were 1.9 times more likely to have a diagnosis. The most common diagnoses were bronchopneumonia and enteritis and/or enterocolitis (both 16.2% of total diagnoses). The most common isolates from bronchopneumonia cases were Pasteurella multocida, Bibersteinia trehalosi, and Trueperella pyogenes. The pathogens identified most often in enteritis and/or enterocolitis cases were rotavirus, Clostridium perfringens, and Escherichia coli. The most common non-infectious diagnoses were poor nutritional status or inanition, hepatic lipidosis, and selenium and/or vitamin E deficiency. Focusing on testing for pathogens in fawns and in cervid respiratory disease complex submissions may be recommended for laboratories expanding their WTD testing.
Assessing Mental Health Vulnerability Among First- and Second-Generation Immigrants During the Trump Administration
Authors: Huslage Melody , Held Mary Lehman , Rai Abha
Published: August 2023

Under the Trump administration, many immigrants struggled with exclusionary policies that created a climate of fear and uncertainty. Our aim was to investigate which immigrants may be more vulnerable for experiencing policy stress and discrimination during this time period. Employing a cross-sectional design, we recruited U.S. immigrants ( N = 490) to complete an online survey assessing experiences of policy-related stress and discrimination. Multiple regression results showed significant models for both outcome variables, with several vulnerabilities emerging. For policy stress, immigrants who were younger, non-white, and who lived in a household with a lower annual income were more vulnerable. Participants who were second-generation immigrants, younger, male, and non-white reported higher perceived discrimination. Findings suggest that the stress associated with policies and experiences of discrimination varied within the immigrant community, and implications for practice and policy work are discussed.
Angiotensin Receptor Blocker–Related Sprue-like Enteropathy: Review of Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System
Authors: Meader Ryan , Papasotiriou Sam , Ahdi Hardeep , Dang Hoang , Ehrenpreis Eli D.
Published: August 2023

Background:

Sprue-like enteropathy (SE) related to olmesartan use was first reported in 2012. In 2017, the manufacturer of Benicar paid $300 million for 2300 claims for olmesartan-related SE.

Objective:

A study in 2019 suggested that SE was related to olmesartan and with the possibility of angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) class effect. To further characterize this condition, our group examined reports of ARB-related SE to Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

Methods:

All reports of ARB-related SE from January 2017 to December 2021 were downloaded from the FAERS database. Gastrointestinal adverse events including SE were reviewed. Reporter categories included physicians, pharmacists, other health care professionals, consumers, and attorneys.

Results:

A total of 106 590 reports of ARB-related adverse effects were analyzed. Sprue-like enteropathy was identified in 4337 cases (4.1% of total reports). Of these, 4240 cases (98.0%) of ARB-related SE were reported in patients using products with olmesartan, and 97 cases of SE were reported for all other ARBs (eprosartan, losartan, telmisartan, irbesartan, valsartan, and candesartan). Reports of olmesartan-related SE increased rapidly in 2017, continued at a high rate in 2018 and 2019, and essentially stopped in 2020 and 2021.

Conclusions and Relevance:

Reports to FAERS for ARB-related SE are mostly related to olmesartan. There was a steep decline in reports of olmesartan-related SE following the lawsuit with potential of lawyer interference. There are reports of SE related to ARBs other than olmesartan, with increased physician awareness and the potential to discover a class effect with future studies.
Parental Caregiving and Adolescent Attachment as Determinants of Adolescent Self-Improvement: Differences Between Mother– and Father–Child Dyads in Japan
Authors: Okubo Keisuke
Published: August 2023

The present study aimed to examine the associations between adolescent attachment styles, parental caregiving styles, and self-improvement in early adolescence. We analyzed data from 385 Japanese mother–adolescent dyads and 201 father–adolescent dyads (mothers’ mean age is 46.48, fathers’ mean age is 48.58, and adolescents’ age ranged from 13 to 15). The results showed that attachment avoidance was negatively associated with adolescent self-improvement in all domains. The negative associations between attachment avoidance for mother and self-improvement in some domains are stronger in mother–daughter dyads than mother–son dyads. Regarding self-improvement in the domain of health, attachment anxiety and caregiving hyperactivation showed an interaction effect in father–adolescent dyads. The findings underscore the differential roles that mother– and father–child relationships play in adolescent development. The results also proposed the importance of examining the interaction between adolescent attachment styles and parental caregiving styles.
Modal parameter estimation of turbulence response based on self-attention generative model
Authors: Duan Shiqiang , Zheng Hua , Yu Jinge , Wu Yafeng
Published: August 2023

Modal parameter estimation of turbulence response is an important aspect of flutter test data processing. Using the modal parameter estimation results of turbulence response and the damping extrapolation curve, the flutter boundary of aircrafts can be predicted. However, owing to the randomness of atmospheric turbulence excitation, modal parameter estimation of the turbulence response has a challenge. This study analyses the turbulence response and calculates the corresponding impulse response using the seq-to-seq self-attention generative network. The encoder performs feature compression of the turbulence response, whereas the multi-head self-attention structure in the middle layer extracts the time series features. Up-sampling is performed based on the decoder to obtain the impulse response, and modal parameter estimation of the turbulence response is achieved. The self-attention generative model is validated using simulation data and the turbulence response is obtained by the wind tunnel test and the flutter flight test. The results demonstrate the feasibility and engineering applicability of the seq-to-seq generative model.
A sound frequency ridge positioning model oriented to mine equipment
Authors: Ye Tongzhou , Peng Tianhao , Li Jingzhao
Published: August 2023

The positioning of equipment sound frequency ridges is the foundation in monitoring the state of mine equipment. However, existing models are difficult to identify equipment sound frequency ridges from sounds generated by mine equipment under the environment with too complex noise. Facing to the mine equipment, this paper proposed an equipment sound frequency ridges positioning model (namely, HVDG-RSAGE model) which contains the Horizontal Visibility Directed Graph conjoin the Resampling graph SAmpling and aggreGatE. Firstly, the mine equipment sound is captured by the microphone, and then a suggested preprocessing decomposes the sound into frequency components. Secondly, a horizontal visibility directed criterion is proposed to create horizontal visibility directed graph which can describe the relative position relationship of frequency components. Finally, the Resampling graph SAmpling and aggreGatE, an embedding model included a resampling module, is proposed to identify the position of equipment frequency ridges, which can avoid model overfitting. The experiments show that the HVDG-RSAGE model can improve the accuracy positioning of equipment sound frequency ridges.
Study on noise behavior of micro-textured composite coated cemented carbide surface grinding titanium alloy based on HHT analysis
Authors: Tong Xin , Li Xinyu
Published: August 2023

In modern industrial production, noise can reflect the cutting state of the workpiece and tool to a certain extent, and the noise collection method cannot interfere with the complex processing environment. To further improve the cutting performance of coated cemented carbide micro-textured tools, this paper builds a friction and wear test platform for micro-textured cemented carbide pins with AlSiTiN-AlCrN coating and titanium alloy discs. Based on the test noise signal, the relationship between friction and wear and the noise of the workpiece was studied by the Hilbert–Huang transform (HHT). Through the change of noise in different periods, the micro-texture and coating life of cemented carbide pin under other processing parameters were analyzed. Based on the influence of the interaction between processing parameters and micro-texture diameter on the test results, the test parameters were optimized. The results show that the change of noise signal during the test presents a “V” curve with the grinding process, which mainly affects the noise through the shift of pin-disc friction form and the anti-wear effect of micro-texture. The interaction mainly affects the test results by affecting the micro-texture diameter, laser energy concentration, and the roughness of the inner wall of the pit. The optimized micro-texture geometry and preparation parameters are as follows: scanning times is 8, micro-texture diameter is 50 μm, scanning speed is 1500 mm/s, micro-texture spacing is 170 μm, and laser power is 40 W. The research content of this paper provides a reference for improving the surface properties of cemented carbide.
Differences in Symptom Report by Survivors With and Without Probable Intimate Partner Violence-Related Brain Injury
Authors: Chiou Kathy S. , Rajaram Shireen S. , Garlinghouse Matthew , Reisher Peggy
Published: August 2023

Survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) are at heightened risk of sustaining a brain injury (BI). Problematically, a high overlap between BI and trauma symptoms leads to difficulties in identifying when an IPV-related BI has occurred. This paper investigated differences in symptom reports between survivors with ( n = 95) and without ( n = 42) probable IPV-related BI. Chi-squared analyses isolated a constellation of symptoms found to be specifically associated with BI status. These symptomatic markers may assist professionals in discerning BI from other comorbid conditions present in IPV, and thus help survivors access BI-specific treatments and resources.
A Systematic Review of Contactless Technologies Research in Hospitality and Tourism During the COVID-Pandemic
Authors: Rathjens Bobbie , Gunden Nefike , Zhang Lu , Jain Geetika , Law Rob
Published: August 2023

Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the implementation of contactless technologies in hospitality and tourism has grown exponentially, making understanding consumer adoption of these technologies an important research area. A systematic literature review of relevant studies published in hospitality and tourism journals was conducted to identify three main subsets of the antecedents of contactless technologies adoption: system, user, and the environment. An analysis of 44 peer-reviewed articles from top hospitality and tourism journals is presented, along with an identification of 10 main categories of contactless technology. Findings indicate the specific technologies adopted since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and the common factors studied related to contactless technologies in past research. Theoretical/managerial implications and directions for future research are discussed.
A Retrospective Review of Anthralin in Petrolatum in the Treatment of Alopecia Areata in the Pediatric Population
Authors: Zafrir Yaron , Tantuco Kimberly , Tangtatco Ang J. A. , Ho Nhung
Published: August 2023

Background/Objectives

Alopecia areata (AA) is a T-cell driven autoimmune disease, which results in hair loss. This study aims to determine the efficacy, tolerability and safety of different concentrations of anthralin in the treatment of pediatric AA.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study of patients < 18 yo diagnosed with AA treated with anthralin at SickKids Hospital, Toronto dermatology outpatient clinic in 2016 - 2018. Anthralin used at 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5% and 1% in petrolatum at short contact, at increments of 15 minutes every week until a 1 hr maximum contact achieved. No other treatment was used in conjunction. Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) scores (SS) were determined using photographs and descriptions to assess severity of alopecia at baseline and post anthralin treatment.

Results

A total of 11 charts were reviewed in this retrospective cohort. Hair loss pattern; 3 patients with patchy, 6 had mixed (patchy and ophiasis), and 2 were totalis. All except for 1 patient had failed traditional treatments. One patient had complete hair regrowth, 3 showed more than 85% hair re-growth and 7 patients showed more than 75% hair regrowth, the average time for this to occur was 6.5 months. None of the patients experience serious side effects.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrated the efficacy and tolerability of topical anthralin 0.1% to 1% in pediatric alopecia areata. In our study, anthralin 0.2% appears to offer the best performance and tolerability profile among the different concentrations used, with treatment course of at least 6 months in order to achieve more than 75% hair regrowth.
Mediatised marketplaces: Platforms, places, and strategies for trading material goods in digital economies
Authors: Podkalicka Aneta , Fredriksson Martin
Published: August 2023

Digital marketplaces are standard and pervasive sites to trade and exchange material consumer goods worldwide. Yet the media characteristics of different, situated marketplaces have received relatively sporadic attention from the field of media and communication studies, despite the otherwise prominent disciplinary interest in digital technologies, platforms and processes of mediatisation. This paper coalesces perspectives from social, geography and retail studies with mediatisation approaches to extend a theorisation of digital marketplaces as ‘mediatised marketplaces’, focusing on the discussion of interactions between digital media and place involved in the distribution of material goods. We use illustrative examples of two different local marketplaces – the Swedish Tradera and Facebook Marketplace – to demonstrate how mediatised marketplaces challenge a range of distinctions, including between offline and online, material and immaterial, local and global. Mediatised marketplaces such as Tradera and Facebook Marketplace are grounded in place and local market identities, even as they operate on or are owned by global platforms; they rely on communicative as much as logistical functionalities of media; and are transformative of media and consumption practices. The paper contributes to studies of mediatisation and its impacts.
From glows to graphics: The invention of visuality in early electronic media systems
Authors: Sun Yijun
Published: August 2023

By going through a history of electronic visuality, from fluorescence glows in European laboratories in the nineteenth century to the computer screen in the twentieth century, this paper discusses technical image operations in the interaction between media machines and media people. Examining this set of apparatus from the evolution of a neglected technical object – the vacuum tube, it traces the history of the screen and the temporal-spatial composition of electronic graphics in television, radar, and early computer systems. In doing so, it outlines the entangled history of analog and digital displays and demonstrates the impossibility of neglecting the role of the human observer in the technical invention of visuality.
Improved extensional crushing mechanics of prismatic columns with various cross-sections
Authors: Nguyen Chanh Nghia , Jusuf Annisa , Dirgantara Tatacipta , Gunawan Leonardo , Santosa Sigit Puji , Putra Ichsan Setya
Published: August 2023

This work derives the theoretical prediction of the impact behaviour of single thin-walled prismatic columns with various cross-sections based on an improved extensional collapse element. The extensional crushing mechanics were reviewed and improved to calculate the impact crushing characteristics of any single thin-walled prismatic columns: that is, square, hexagonal, octagonal and circular columns. The general equations to predict the mean crushing force and axial instantaneous crushing force of the single thin-walled prismatic versus the folding angle or axial displacement were derived theoretically. Furthermore, using the extensional collapse mode, the maximum (peak) crushing force was theoretically predicted during the first folding process. Lastly, the impact of the columns obtained by the improved theoretical solution was compared via numerical simulation.
‘It feels made up’: Post racialism and colorblind ideology within individual constructions of self identity
Authors: Adolfsson Caroline
Published: August 2023

This article aims to explore the interrelation between post racialism, colorblind ideology, and the perception of Swedishness. Through 40 interviews and surveys conducted in Malmö, Sweden, participants were asked to reflect on race, ethnicity, and Swedishness. Multiple meanings were present in the participants’ responses, half of whom were white and half non-white. For white participants, boundaries around the in-group construction of ‘Swedishness’ were based in whiteness, yet these participants held overwhelmingly negative attitudes towards the use of words race or racialization. On the other hand, non-white participants viewed race and racialization with less negative connotations, yet they also endorsed the need to be white in order to be perceived as being Swedish. The results support the notion that abandonment of the word race does not always equate to an abandonment of whiteness. This article builds upon and expands previous findings in the U.S. context while contributing to an emerging body of literature on race and racialization in Sweden. Additionally, it seeks to challenge dominant narratives and assumptions of 'Swedishness' and its connection to whiteness.
In the difference between money and capital, everything happens
Authors: Bradshaw Alan
Published: August 2023

I argue against any essentialist framing of the consumer in a context of the circulation of money and for a dialectical materialist framing of the consumer in a context of capital accumulation. I reflect on how the current conjuncture pressurises basic assumptions about everyday liveability and requires a fundamental rethink.
Sample Size and Saturation: A Three-phase Method for Ethnographic Research with Multiple Qualitative Data Sources
Authors: DiStefano Anthony S. , Yang Joshua S.
Published: August 2023

Despite recent methodological advances in saturation, guidelines for its estimation in more complex research designs—such as ethnographic studies—have been lacking. We present an accessible, step-by-step approach to empirical assessment of data saturation, tested on a moderately sized ethnographic study with 109 combined direct observations and interviews. The three-phase method includes a priori sample size prediction, provisional saturation estimation during data collection, and post hoc confirmation. Post hoc analysis indicated we reached key thresholds of data saturation before ending fieldwork. We achieved 80% saturation at our 69th data collection event (63% of the full sample) and 90% saturation at our 91st data collection event (83% of the full sample). The method is designed to account for on-the-ground realities confronted in contemporary ethnographic research, including time constraints during fieldwork, and can accommodate studies with medium to large scopes, broad foci, heterogeneous populations, and analysis of multiple qualitative data sources.
Optimizing Fertility Treatment With Nutrition Guidance: Exploring Barriers and Facilitators to Healthful Nutrition Among Female Cancer Survivors With Fertility Challenges
Authors: Klobodu Cynthia , Deutsch Jonathan , Vitolins Mara Z. , Fisher Kathleen , Nasser Jennifer A. , Stott Dahlia , Milliron Brandy-Joe
Published: August 2023

Introduction:

Young women diagnosed with cancer are at an increased risk for infertility compared to women without a cancer diagnosis. Consuming a healthful diet comprised of whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and unsaturated fats has been found to improve both fertility and cancer survivorship. Given this reason, dietary interventions tailored to support female cancer survivors with fertility challenges are of immense importance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore barriers and facilitators to healthful nutrition among female cancer survivors with fertility challenges, to inform the development of dietary interventions for this population.

Methods:

Using a formative research design, interview, survey, and dietary intake data were collected from 20 female cancer survivors of reproductive age. Participant-check focus group discussions were conducted to validate findings. All interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were coded and analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. Quantitative data were analyzed using means, standard deviations, ranges, frequencies, and percentages.

Results:

The average age of respondents was 31.47 ± 3.5 years and the average BMI was 24.78 ± 4.1 kg/m2. All participants were college educated, 45% identified as White, 50% as Black, and 10% as Hispanic or Latinx. Cancer diagnoses included breast, thyroid, ovarian, leukemia, and gastrointestinal cancers. The following themes were identified: (1) Lack of nutrition-related resources and detailed guidance, (2) Work-life balance, (3) Perceived rigidity of dietary guidance, (4) Treatment-related fatigue, (5) Having trust in healthcare providers, (6) Higher motivation to change nutrition behavior, and (7) Recognizing the additional benefits of nutrition.

Conclusion:

These findings indicate a sought-after yet unmet need for post-cancer treatment fertility nutrition recommendations. Interventions should be tailored to women’s needs and focus on improving their self-efficacy to make healthful dietary choices.
Epilepsy, Cardiovascular Risks, and Dementia: A Ménage à Trois
Authors: Zawar Ifrah
Published: August 2023

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Is Death Only the Beginning? How People Mourn Artificial Characters in Social Media
Authors: Şengün Sercan , Santos João M. , Salminen Joni , Milenkovic Milica , Jansen Bernard J.
Published: August 2023

We analyze the audience response to the death of narrative-driven fictitious characters with predetermined fates, whether part of a virtual or cinematic story, and specifically from video games and TV series. Our aim is to contribute to the studies of identification and empathy with fictitious characters in media, as well as to close the research gap around these studies by specifically focusing on the death of the characters. We collected 3000 online comments on the deaths of 16 characters from video games and TV series. We coded each comment according to the five stages of grief by Kübler-Ross and Kessler and performed quantitative (using LIWC2015 psycholinguistic analysis software) and qualitative analysis (using thematic analysis). Overall, we found a strong resemblance between the processes of grief for real and fictitious characters and uncovered differences of language when discussing the death of a character based on (a) their gender; (b) their role in the story; (c) their interactivity mode; and (d) the form of media. Finally, qualitative analysis revealed unique and novel themes for on-screen deaths, such as (a) the effects of aural cues; (b) nostalgia and beauty; (c) resurrection and transmedia; (d) spoilers; (e) comparisons and real-life connotations; (f) the effects on the franchise; and (g) the effects of the gender of the viewer on these discussions. We discuss our findings in detail, along with implications for future character development.
Regional Anesthesia With Paravertebral Blockade Is Associated With Improved Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Minithoracotomy Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Hsieh Monica , Kim Diane , Peng Defen , Schisler Travis , Cook Richard C.
Published: August 2023

Objective:

Severe postoperative pain has been shown to affect many patients following minimally invasive cardiac surgeries (MICS). Multimodal pain management with regional anesthesia, particularly by delivery of local anesthetics using a paravertebral catheter (PVC), has been shown to reduce pain in operations involving thoracotomy incisions. However, few studies have reported high-quality safety and efficacy outcomes of PVCs following MICS.

Methods:

Patients who underwent MICS at Vancouver General Hospital between 2016 and 2019 ( N = 123) were reviewed for perioperative opioid-narcotic use. Primary outcomes were postoperative opioid use and hospital length of stay (LOS). Statistical analyses were performed using univariate and multivariable regression models to determine independent risk factors.

Results:

A total of 54 patients received routine systemic analgesia (control), 53 patients received a paravertebral catheter (PVC), and 16 patients received another mode of regional analgesia (non-PVC). The mean hospital LOS was significantly different in patients in the PVC group at 5.8 ± 2.0 days versus 8.3 ± 7.1 days in the control and 6.6 ± 2.3 days in the non-PVC group ( P = 0.033). The percentage of patients who did not require postoperative oxycodone was significantly higher in the PVC group (48.1%), compared with the control (24.5%) and non-PVC (37.5%; P = 0.043) groups.

Conclusions:

The administration of regional anesthesia using PVCs was associated with reduced need for opioids and a shorter LOS. The reduction in postoperative opioids may reduce the risk of potential opioid dependency in this population. Future studies should involve randomized controlled trials with systematic evaluation of pain scores to verify current study results.
Preoperative predictors of prolonged length of stay in radical cystectomy: a retrospective study using the American College of Surgeons-National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Dataset
Authors: Abou Chawareb Elia , Ayoub Christian Habib , Najdi Jad , Ghoubaira Joseph , El-Hajj Albert
Published: August 2023

Background:

Radical cystectomy (RC) is considered a complex procedure that entails significant morbidity and mortality.

Objectives:

We aimed to determine pre-operative patient characteristics that help predict a prolonged length of hospital stay (PLOS) following RC.

Design and Methods:

The American College of Surgeons-National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) database was used to select patients who underwent RC between the years 2011 and 2020. Prolonged length of stay was defined as a hospital stay ⩾9 days. We compared patient demographics, pre-operative labs, surgical characteristics, and medical history between patients with or without PLOS. Multivariable logistic regression models controlling for pre-operative characteristics and propensity score matching for post-operative complications were conducted to control for possible confounders.

Results:

The analysis yielded details of 19,158 RC patients of which 6007 (31%) patients had a PLOS. Patients with PLOS were more likely to have post-operative complications that could serve as predictors for the PLOS rather than their pre-operative characteristics. Hence, we matched our cohort for these complications. After matching, patient pre-operative characteristics that predict PLOS included female gender (Odds Ratio (OR) = 5.91), 10-year increase in age (OR = 1.15), non-White race (OR = 1.98), partially or totally dependent functional health status (OR = 2.86), bleeding disorders (OR = 4.67), congestive heart failure (OR = 1.59), pre-operative transfusion (OR = 3.03), and a 20-min increase in operative time (OR = 1.01) ( p < 0.046).

Conclusion:

Patient demographics and pre-operative factors can help predict PLOS in RC patients. These predictors could serve as tools for patient counseling and risk stratification.