bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Retos de la psicología positiva y el estudio de las fortalezas humanas al incorporar la dimensión de género
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Robles Ojeda Francisco Javier
Published: October 2023

A quince años de su nacimiento la psicología positiva ha tenido una expansión importante, lo cual ha incrementado el número de investigaciones desde diversas perspectivas psicológicas. Algunas de sus principales críticas ha sido la de tener un enfoque individualista y que una gran parte de sus conceptos es universalista con poco énfasis en aspectos históricos y sociales. Esto destaca la relevancia del artículo de Ovejero y Cardenal “Fortalezas Humanas y Género”, que promueve la integración de una perspectiva de género en el campo de la psicología positiva. En el presente artículo se abordan algunas recomendaciones para incorporar la perspectiva de género en investigaciones de psicología y se sugieren metodologías de investigación que profundicen en el significado social de los datos emanados de investigaciones donde los datos son desglosados por sexo.
Nghiên cứu phương pháp phát hiện va chạm của cánh tay robot cộng tác 6 bậc tự do
Authors: Nghiem Van Hung
Published: October 2023

Robot cộng tác (Collaborative robot - Cobot) là những robot có thể tiếp xúc với con người một cách trực tiếp, phát huy đồng thời được các lợi thế của cả con người và robot để tăng hiệu suất công việc. Cobot hoạt động thân thiện và tương tác với con người vì được lập trình để phát hiện va chạm an toàn. Do đó yêu cầu phát hiện chính xác và nhanh chóng các va chạm của cánh tay cobot là một chủ đề thu hút được sự quan tâm của nhiều nhà nghiên cứu. Nghiên cứu của chúng tôi đề xuất hướng tiếp cận áp dụng hai kỹ thuật học máy có giám sát là SVMR (Support Vector Machine Regression) và 1D CNN (1D Convolutional Neural Network) cho kết quả phát hiện va chạm hiệu quả với cánh tay robot CURA6 trên bộ dữ liệu của Intema.
Blood Supply Chain Management: A Review of Different Solution Techniques
Authors: Alhadad Hussein Ali Khudhyer , Elloumi Abdelkarim
Published: October 2023

Managing the blood supply network is crucially important. The lack of blood might result in patient problems and even death. Blood loss, on the other hand, results in hefty expenses. To reduce the levels of shortage and wastage, the blood product supply chain must make the best decisions possible. Numerous writers have researched this field because of the intricacy and significance of the blood supply chain. This essay aims to provide an overview of research on the blood supply chain. Studies that were published from 2015 to 2022 were therefore examined and categorized. This survey's main contribution is to update the body of research on the blood supply chain with a new classification and critically evaluate the state of the art in this field. Environments for making decisions, problems with the blood supply chain's design, working methods, decision-making, modeling, problem-solving methods, and data features are among the suggested categories. In addition, the shortcomings and inadequacies in the existing literature are emphasized, and potential study approaches are presented.
DO ROMANCE “O TEMPO E O VENTO” ÀS CANÇÕES DA COXILHA NATIVISTA - DIÁLOGO ENTRE TEXTOS
Authors: Valerio Marcelli , Mastellla Veronice , Oliveira Vânia Maria Abreu de
Published: October 2023

Este estudo analisa como o romance de Erico Verissimo “O Tempo e o Vento” está presente nas canções da Coxilha Nativista por meio do aprofundamento de conhecimentos sobre a linguagem nos processos socioculturais. Mediante um mapeamento de intertextualidades (por alusão, inserção de fragmentos ou citações) entre a obra de Erico Verissimo e as composições nativistas, busca-se identificar como a sua obra é ressignificada nas canções do festival num processo que reforça aspectos da cultura e da identidade gaúcha. O estudo de abordagem qualitativa foi desenvolvido a partir dos conceitos de intertextualidade (Kristeva,1974) e dialogismo e polifonia (Bakhtin, 2003). No mapeamento realizado, foram identificadas 12 canções que apresentam marcas de intertextualidade em relação ao romance “O Tempo e o Vento”. Nas canções, as mais frequentes marcas relacionam-se aos determinados personagens: Capitão Rodrigo, Ana Terra e Bibiana, que em certa medida, personificam a essência e a identidade do povo gaúcho. Há também, referências ao próprio escritor, suas obras e a materialidade dos valores que constituem a cultura cruzaltense e gaúcha.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE GENDER DISCOURSE IN THE TALE ROOSTER’S MASS, FROM THE EXPERIENCES OF THE CHARACTER CONCEIÇÃO: REALITY OF SOME WOMEN OF THE 19TH CENTURY IN BRAZIL
Authors: Conceição Dandara Roberta Soares , Zamin Iara Sabina , Alves Carla Rosane da Silva Tavares , Oliveira Vânia Maria Abreu de , Garces Solange Beatriz Billig
Published: October 2023

The present qualitative research, through the bibliographic procedure, has as literary corpus the tale Missa do Galo, by the Brazilian realistic writer Machado de Assis, aiming at the discussion of gender issues. For this, it focuses on the constitution of the female character Conceição, in the universe of her experiences, especially from her relationship with the character-narrator, Nogueira. In addition, the research reflects on Conceição’s role, showing that her submissive performance to her husband is essential in the reality of the social context of Brazil in the 19th century, like so many women surrounded by patriarchy.
MARX E A ANATOMIA DA SOCIEDADE CIVIL BURGUESA
Authors: Schütz Jenerton Arlan , Eidt Celso
Published: October 2023

O estudo crítico da economia política constitui um passo importante na formação do pensamento de Marx. É seu encontro decisivo com a materialidade da sociedade civil burguesa o caminho pelo qual Marx irá chegar à concepção materialista da história. Ao partir do universo filosófico e da ciência econômica, Marx confere à crítica filosófica poder prático, capacidade de conduzir ações de transformação e realização, indicação de possibilidades sociais novas em meio às contradições da esfera econômico-social moderna, na qual um novo sujeito, o proletariado, aparece como classe potencialmente revolucionária sob cuja energia recai a tarefa tanto para dissolver a sociedade burguesa quanto para instaurar uma nova ordem societária.
The role of competitive advantage as a mediator of knowledge management, learning orientation and innovation on the performance of batik SMEs in Bangkalan regency, Indonesia
Authors: Mauludin Muchammad Firman , Sudarmiatin  , Mukhlis Imam , Handayati Puji
Published: October 2023

This study examines the influence of knowledge management, learning orientation and innovation on the performance of 272 batik SMEs in Bangkalan Regency. The findings reveal that these factors significantly impact SME performance. The development of distinctive batik products with distinctive  themes and a wide variety of offers in comparison to competitors serves a significant function as a mediator. Knowledge management facilitates the generation of new knowledge and ideas for product development whereas learning orientation focuses on developing employee capabilities and skills. SME innovation involves the early adoption of new products, variation development and the creation of superior offerings. This study highlights the importance of knowledge management, learning orientation and innovation in driving batik performance. It emphasizes the significance of competitive advantage in creating unique batik products and diversifying the product range to outperform competitors.
Susceptibilidad antimicrobiana y enterotoxinas en Staphylococcus aureus aislado de queso fresco expendido en mercados municipales de la ciudad de Cuenca – Ecuador
Authors: Farfán Sari Katherine Fernanda , Romero Zhagui Gabriela Rosario , Ortiz Tejedor Jonnathan Gerardo
Published: October 2023

Introducción. Las bacterias son microorganismos unicelulares causantes de múltiples enfermedades. En la actualidad constituyen un problema de salud pública debido a su alta tasa de resistencia a los antimicrobianos por diferentes mecanismos. Staphylococcus aureus es una de las especies predominantes en los seres humanos, asociada a factores de virulencia y dentro de estos, destacan enterotoxinas A, B, C, D, E, siendo causantes de Enfermedades Transmitidas por Alimentos (ETAs). Objetivo. Determinar la susceptibilidad antimicrobiana y enterotoxinas en Staphylococcus aureus aislado de queso fresco expendido en mercados municipales de la ciudad de Cuenca – Ecuador.  Metodología. La presente investigación se trata de un estudio de tipo descriptivo, de corte transversal, mediante la aplicación de métodos fenotípicos y moleculares para la determinación de la susceptibilidad de antimicrobianos, e identificación de enterotoxinas.  Resultados. Mediante técnicas microbiológicas y biología molecular se confirmó, por medio de los genes nucA, femB la presencia de 3 muestras positivas para S. aureus, por otro lado, en la prueba de susceptibilidad obtuvimos un alto porcentaje de resistencia a penicilina de todas las muestras, sin embargo, para clindamicina, eritromicina y cefoxitina resultó completamente sensible, por lo que mediante la amplificación del gen blaZ se confirmó la resistencia a penicilina. Por otra parte, no se encontró la presencia de enterotoxinas, mediante métodos moleculares. Conclusión. El 62,5% de las muestras positivas resultaron resistentes a penicilina, confirmado mediante la amplificación del gen blaZ. En contra parte, el 100% resultó sensible para clindamicina, eritromicina y cefoxitina. Área de estudio general: Bioquímica y Farmacia. Área de estudio específica: Microbiología de alimentos y Biología molecular. Tipo de estudio:  Original.
Calidad del servicio turístico y satisfacción del cliente en el cantón Guano, provincia de Chimborazo
Authors: Sampedro Guevara Juan José , Herrera Chávez Renato Hernán , Duque Vera Dalia Cristina
Published: October 2023

Introducción. Guano conocido como la “Capital Artesanal del Ecuador”, es un pueblo antiguo que cuenta con una larga y vasta historia, por lo tanto, Guano potenciaría su turismo al dar satisfacción al cliente. Objetivo.  El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la influencia entre la calidad del servicio turístico y la satisfacción del cliente en los establecimientos del cantón Guano provincia de Chimborazo. Metodología. El diseño de la investigación utilizado fue, no experimental, transversal, el tipo de investigación fue cualitativa, descriptiva y de carácter correlacional. La validación del instrumento de investigación a través de alfa de Cronbach, cuestionarios bajo la escala de Likert, la unidad de análisis de investigada fue a 15 establecimientos de alimentos y bebidas y 334 turistas. En el software SPSS, con chi cuadrado, se comprobó las hipótesis.  Resultados. Se demuestra que no existe influencia significativa entre la calidad del servicio turístico y satisfacción del turista. A su vez se describen y caracterizan las dimensiones relacionadas a los procesos, servicio, mejoramiento, expectativa, experiencia y percepción. Conclusión. En el entorno en el que se realizó la investigación, no existe una influencia significativa entre la calidad del servicio turístico y la satisfacción del cliente en el cantón Guano. Área de la ciencia. Turismo, bioseguridad, insatisfacción, satisfacción, calidad.
Development of OpenAI API Based Chatbot to Improve User Interaction on the JBMS Website
Authors: Santoso Gerald , Setiawan Johan , Sulaiman Agus
Published: October 2023

This study presents an innovative chatbot, powered by OpenAI API, designed to enhance the user experience on the Journal of Business, Management, and Social Studies (JBMS) website. Chatbots have gained prominence for improving online interactions and information retrieval. The chatbot's development followed a structured prototype methodology, including Requirement Gathering, Prototype Building, Requirement Refinement, Customer Evaluation, and Design and Implementation. User Acceptance Testing (UAT) scored an average of 4.14, signifying high user satisfaction. UAT results showed positive user experiences and satisfaction with the chatbot. Integration of OpenAI API improved information extraction from journal articles and personalized article recommendations. Stakeholder feedback from JBMS's CEO, students, and UMN lecturers affirmed high satisfaction levels. Future research will refine the chatbot's features to align better with user needs, solidifying its role as an innovative tool for information retrieval within JBMS, and enhancing user service.
Adölesan Sporcuların Beslenme ve Egzersiz Davranışlarının İncelenmesi
Authors: Yarar Hakan , Karahan Yılmaz Sevil , Eskici Günay , Köksal Batuhan , Ceylan Hüsne Büşra , Balıkcı Recep , Saraç Osman Emir
Published: October 2023

Çalışmanın amacı; adölesan sporcuların beslenme ve egzersiz davranışlarının incelenmesidir. Çalışmaya farklı spor branşlarında aktif spor yapan, yaş ortalaması 12,9±0,8 yıl olan toplam 607 sporcu (482 erkek, 125 kadın) katılmıştır. Veriler, katılımcıların demografik özelliklerini içeren anket formu ve “Beslenme ve Egzersiz Davranış Ölçeği” (BEDÖ) kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. BEDÖ alt boyutlarından elde edilen puan ortalamaları psikolojik/bağımlı yeme davranışı 42,7±6,3, sağlıklı beslenme- egzersiz davranışı 47,2±6,3, sağlıksız beslenme-egzersiz davranışı 51,7±7,2 ve öğün düzeni 25,2±3,9 olarak belirlenmiştir. Psikolojik yeme davranışı ile sağlıklı beslenme-egzersiz davranışı (r=0,608), sağlıksız beslenme-egzersiz davranışı (r=0,606) ve öğün düzeni (r=0,411) arasında pozitif yönde yüksek düzeyde ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir(p<0.05). Sağlıklı beslenme-egzersiz davranışı ile öğün düzeni (r=0,408) pozitif yönde orta düzeyde; haftalık antrenman günü (r=0,103) ile spor yapılan süre (r=0,201) zayıf düzeyde ve BKİ (r=0,102) ile pozitif yönde zayıf düzeyde ilişkiye sahiptir. Sağlıksız beslenme-egzersiz davranışı ile öğün düzeni (r=0.465) orta düzeyde, spor yapılan süre (r=0,201) ile haftalık antrenman günü (r=0,103) zayıf düzeyde, BKİ (r=0,088) ile zayıf düzeyde ilişkiye sahiptir. Spor branşlarına göre beslenme-egzersiz davranış ölçeği toplam ve alt puanları arasında farklılıklar olduğu (p<0.05) ve bu farklılığın daha çok futbol branşında olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: BEDÖ alt boyut puanları doğrultusunda adölesan sporcuların yüksek oranda sağlıksız beslenme-egzersiz davranışı ile psikolojik/bağımlı yeme davranışına sahip oldukları, spor branşlarına göre farklılıklar olduğu, yapılan sporun sıklık ve süresinin beslenme ve egzersiz davranışları üzerindeki etkisinin düşük düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Adölesan sporcuların sağlık ve performans açısından genel ve spor beslenmesi konularında uzman kişilerden eğitim almasının gerekliliği büyük önem taşımaktadır.
SAĞLIĞI ETKİLEYEN ETMENLERİN VE HASTALIKLARIN AKTARIMINDA MEDYANIN GÖRÜNÜMÜ
Authors: KAPLAN ESEN Gülnur , MERT EBEŞ Miraç Pınar
Published: October 2023

Tıbbın alanına dâhil olan sağlık/hastalık kavramını, sosyal ve kültürel alanların dışında değerlendirmek mümkün değildir. Kişisel etmenler, yaşam koşulları ve çevresel etmenler, sosyo-kültürel etmenler sağlığın nedensellik ağı içinde birbiriyle bağlantılıdır. Hastalıkların önlenmesi, sağlığın korunması, sağlık bilincinin oluşturulması, sağlık eğitiminin sağlanması, sağlık okuryazarlığının artırılması aşamasında kitle iletişim araçlarına büyük sorumluluk düşmektedir. Kamu sağlığı enformasyonunun aktarımındaki en önemli araçlardan biri konumunda olan medya; hazırlanan içerikleri belirlenen hedef kitlelere iletmede, hedef kitlelerin farkındalığını oluşturmada ve davranışlarını yönlendirmede birincil kaynak durumundadır. Kamusal güçlerin eylem alanında bulunan sağlık ve sağlıklı olma anlayışının değişmesi ve şekillendirilmesi, medyayla sağlanmaktadır. Sağlık sorunları, medya aracılığıyla toplumsal ve ekonomi-politik bağlamından koparılmaktadır.

Bu çalışmada televizyonda yayınlanan sağlık programları çerçevesinde; hastalık/sağlık kavramının medyada nasıl yapılandırıldığı ortaya konularak, sağlığı etkileyen etmenlerin aktarımında medyanın nasıl rol aldığı tespit edilip eleştirel olarak irdelenip sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Medya araçları içinde hem kolay erişilebilmesi hem de kolay tüketilebilmesi açısından televizyonda yayınlan sağlık programları, bireylerin sağlıkla ilgili enformasyonun büyük çoğunluğunu aldıkları mecradır. Bu nedenle çalışmada, televizyonda yayınlanan sağlık programları araştırmanın evrenini oluşturmaktadır. CNN TÜRK Kanalında yayınlan Sağlık Kontrolü programıysa, araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmaktadır. Kanalın internet arşivinden izlenen Sağlık Kontrolü programının 02 Ocak 2016 – 30 Haziran 2016 tarihleri arasında yayınlanan 26 ve 04 Ocak 2020 – 31 Mayıs 2020 tarihleri arasında yayınlanan 21 bölümü incelenmiştir. Toplanan veriler, niteliksel ve niceliksel içerik çözümlemesi yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde ve öncesinde, sağlığı etkileyen etmenlerin aktarımında medyanın nasıl bir işlev gördüğü karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Yayınlanan sağlık programının bulguları değerlendirildiğinde, her iki dönemde de yoğunluk olarak hastalıkların, tedavi yöntemlerinin, tedavide kullanılacak teknolojik araçların üzerinde odaklanıldığı, sağlığın nedensellik ağının sekteye uğratıldığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
O processo histórico de disciplinarização do cálculo infinitesimal no Brasil
Authors: Sypnievski Marianna Del Secchi , Schubring Gert
Published: October 2023

A disciplina de Cálculo sofreu diversas mudanças ao longo dos anos, entretanto, algumas de suas características possuem registro de longa data, tais como os tensionamentos entre rigor e intuição e a dicotomia no ensino voltado para matemáticos e engenheiros. Com intuito de descrever o processo de disciplinarização do Cálculo no Brasil ao longo do século XX, foi realizado um levantamento histórico sobre a organização do ensino de matemática em importantes instituições do país, destacando as principais reformas educacionais. A metodologia adotada foi a análise textual e contextual, aplicada a uma série de livros-textos que compuseram esse processo. As esferas de ensino analisadas foram as escolas secundárias, escolas técnicas e o ensino superior. A pesquisa também permite estabelecer relações com os efeitos do Movimento Internacional de Reforma no Brasil.
Kesiapan Puskesmas Samigaluh I Dalam Peralihan Rekam Medis Konvensional Ke Rekam Medis Elektronik
Authors: Widayanti Emi , Septiana Della Hani , Irmaningsih Makhrum , Putri Vina Annisa , Budi Savitri Citra
Published: October 2023

Penerapan Rekam Medis Elektronik di Indonesia sudah mulai diimplementasikan atas dasar keputusan yang dibuat oleh Kementrian Kesehatan untuk mulai mentransformasikan rekam medis konvensional menjadi rekam medis berbasis komputer. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kesiapan Puskesmas Samigaluh I dalam masa peralihan dokumen rekam medis berbasis kertas (paper based) ke rekam medis berbasis komputer atau Rekam Medis Elektronik (RME). Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dan observasi langsung. Berdasarkan hasil observasi dan wawancara diperoleh hasil bahwa di Puskesmas Samigaluh I ditemui beberapa kelebihan dan kekurangan dalam mengimplementasikan RME. Aspek Money dan Method menjadi hambatan utama untuk menyukseskan penyelenggaraan RME di Puskesmas Samigaluh I untuk melengkapi kekurangan baik dari sarana prasarana maupun SDM.
Implementation of Hypertension Patient Identification Based on Patient Safety Goals (PSG)
Authors: Ferlita Nazielia Putri
Published: October 2023

Salah satu prosedur keselamatan pasien yang paling penting di rumah sakit dimulai dengan identifikasi pasien yang tepat. Identifikasi pasien yang benar, layanan atau tindakan yang tepat untuk individu dapat diberikan berdasarkan identitas pasien yang benar. Tujuan identifikasi pasien adalah untuk mengidentifikasi secara tepat siapa yang akan mendapatkan layanan atau aktivitas dan memberikan layanan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan pasien. Pentingnya identifikasi pasien dalam upaya pencegahan kejadian yang tidak diinginkan terjadi. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan identifikasi pasien. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah mix methode kuantitatif kualitatif dengan sampel 67 pasien hipertensi rawat inap menggunakan insidental sampling dengan informan 3 orang perawat dan 11 orang keluarga pasien. Penggunaan gelang identitas dan pemasangan tanda pengenal di tempat tidur tidak dijelaskan dengan baik kepada pasien dan keluarganya. Pelaksanaan identifikasi pasien yang benar dengan memperhatikan keselamatan pasien agar tujuan utama dari identifikasi yang benar dalam menghindari kejadian yang tidak diinginkan dapat tercapai.
Rancangan API Interoperabilitas Monitoring dan Pelaporan Standar Pelayanan Minimal Bidang Kesehatan Kabupaten Cilacap
Authors: Farid Mahmudi
Published: October 2023

The Minimum Service Standards for the Health Sector (SPM-BK) at Cilacap District in 2019 and 2020 showed that no type of basic service has reached the target. This has decreased compared to 2018 where health services at the age of basic education can meet standards. Interoperability is important to integrate SPM data from all health facilities so that data can be accessed easily, quickly and accurately. This study aims to analyze and design the interoperability of information system data in health facilities for reporting SPM-BK. This type of research is operational research using qualitative methods. Data collection was carried out by interviewing and observing user needs (planning and analysis stages), making system architectural designs (design stages), as well as system trials. The results of the in-depth interviews were analyzed using the content analysis method. Evaluation of the system used is carried out descriptive analysis as a basis for analysis of interoperability systems for monitoring SPM-BK data. This research produces an interoperability system that facilitates the process of transferring data so that information can be obtained quickly and accurately. The development of interoperability to help manage data and information still has the potential to be carried out. Development of SPM-BK system interoperability can facilitate reporting. Data information can be easily seen and found and data security can be guaranteed.
FUNGSI, MAKNA DAN NILAI ESTETIKA TARI WADIAN KELONG DALAM UPACARA ARUH ADAT BAHARIN DI DESA KAPUL KABUPATEN BALANGAN
Authors: Janearditta Wulan , Sutardi Edi , Suwarjiya
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini  bertujuan untuk (1) mendeskripsikan bentuk penyajian tari Wadian Kelong dalam upacara Aruh Adat Baharin di Desa Kapul Kabupaten Balangan. (2) mendeskripsikan fungsi dan makna tari Wadian Kelong dalam upacara Aruh Adat Baharin di Desa Kapul Kabupaten Balangan. (3) mendeskripsikan nilai estetika tari Wadian Kelong dalam upacara Aruh Adat Baharin di Desa Kapul Kabupaten Balangan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumen. Hasil penelitian yang didapat adalah (1) Bentuk penyajian tari Wadian Kelong dalam upacara Aruh Adat Baharin tidak mementingkan keindahan gerak, namun lebih mementingkan maksud dan tujuan 2) Fungsi tari Wadian Kelong adalah sebagai sarana upacara ritual dan Makna tari Wadian Kelong untuk ungkapan jiwa, penghormatan dan pembayar rejeki (3) Nilai estetika tari Wadian Kelong dalam upacara Aruh Adat Baharin yaitu gerak tari sederhana dan memiliki kandungan daya intensitas dalam ketaksuan, iringan tari tidak banyak irama/ritmis bersipat inten dan khusu, tidak menggunakan tata rias wajah melainkan hanya menggunakan olesan kapur pada bagian tangan dan dada, tata busana bersifat khusus dan menjadi bagian identitas pada Wadian
Türkiye-Ortadoğu İlişkileri: 100 Yılın Muhasebesi, 1923-2023
Authors: YEŞİLBURSA Behçet Kemal
Published: October 2023

Türkiye'nin Ortadoğu ile ilişkileri bir dizi paradoks içermektedir. Ortadoğu’daki devletlerle on yıllardır bir arada yaşamasına rağmen Türkiye, bunların hiçbiriyle sağlam, güvenilir, çalışan bir ilişki kuramadı. Bu nedenle Türkiye'nin Ortadoğu’ya ilişkin tarihsel ve çağdaş deneyimi çoğunlukla olumsuz olmuştur. Türkiye’nin Ortadoğu ülkeleriyle ilişkilerini etkileyen temel faktörler genelde tarih, din ve Batı olmuştur. Bu faktörler geçmişten günümüze Türkiye’nin Ortadoğu politikasını derinden etkilemiştir. Türkiye’nin 1923’ten günümüze Ortadoğu ile ilişkileri incelendiğinde ortaya şöyle bir grafik çıkmaktadır: 1923’ten 1950’ye kadar ilişiklerin kurulduğu ve geliştiği; 1950’den 1965’e kadar ilişkilerin sürekli gerilediği; 1965’den itibaren nispi bir düzelmenin yaşandığı; 1970’lerde tekrar gelişmeye başladı; 1980’lerde sadece siyasi alanda değil ekonomik, ticari ve askeri alanda da gelişme gösterdi; 1990’larda gittikçe Ortadoğu sorunlarının içine çekildi; 2000’lerde ise Ortadoğu’daki sorunların bir parçası haline geldiği görülecektir. Ancak Türkiye’nin Arap ülkeleriyle gerçek ve sürekli bir yakınlaşma içinde olması son derece güç görünmektedir. Türkiye, barış ve istikrardan uzak olan bu bölge ile ilişkilerinde son derece dikkatli olmalıdır. Türkiye, ne 1950’lerde olduğu gibi Arap ülkelerinin karşısında ne de 1960’larda, 1980’lerde ve 2000’lerde görüldüğü gibi bu ülkelerin koşulsuz yanında yer alması doğru değildir. Siyasi gelişmelerin yönünü ve zamanını “çöldeki kumların yer değiştirmesi” gibi önceden tahmin ve tespit etmek mümkün olmayan Ortadoğu’da Türkiye’nin yeri Arap ülkelerinin ne yanı ne de karşısı olmalıdır. Türkiye, şu veya bu ülkenin değil, asıl tutulması gereken tarafın yani barışın ve kendi ulusal çıkarlarının tarafında yer almalıdır.
Validation of a Computationally Efficient Model of the Mu-Opioid Receptor
Authors: Barkdull Allison , Chen Lexin , Mathavan Akash , Martinez-Mayorga Karina , Colina Coray
Published: October 2023

The mu-opioid receptor (MOR) is a transmembrane protein and the primary target for pain-modulating drugs. Opioid drugs come with detrimental side-effects such as physical dependence and addiction. However, recent studies show that understanding structural properties and dynamics of MOR may aid in the design of opioid drugs with reduced side-effects. Molecular dynamics simulations allow researchers to study changes in protein conformation at an atomistic level. However, modeling systems including MOR embedded in a lipid bilayer can be computationally expensive. This study evaluates a modeling approach that uses harmonic restraints on the transmembrane regions of MOR to model the rigidity of the lipid bilayer without explicitly simulating lipid molecules, reducing the number of atoms in the simulation. The proposed model allows MOR to be simulated 49% faster than a simulation explicitly including the lipid bilayer. To assess the accuracy of the proposed model, simulations were performed of MOR in a lipid bilayer, the free MOR in water and MOR in water with harmonic restraints applied to all transmembrane residues using NAMD 3.0 alpha and the CHARMM36 force field. Dynamic properties of MOR were shown to be different in each system, with the free MOR having a higher root mean square deviation (RMSD) than MOR with an explicitly modeled lipid bilayer. The systems with harmonic restraint constants of 0.001 kcal/mol/Å2 applied to the transmembrane residues had RMSD values comparable to those in an explicitly modeled lipid bilayer. This study demonstrates that using restraints on the transmembrane residues of MOR is a feasible way of modeling the ligand-free receptor with reduced computational costs. This model could allow the dynamics of MOR in a lipid bilayer environment to be studied more efficiently. KEYWORDS: Molecular Dynamics; Atomistic Simulations; Computational Modeling; Mu-Opioid Receptor; G-Protein Coupled Receptor; Lipid Bilayer, Opioid, Transmembrane Protein
Retributive Attitudes and Perceptions of Police Use of Excessive Force
Authors: Collins Amelia , Basham Sherah , Dierenfeldt Rick
Published: October 2023

Public opinions of police use of force vary widely. Previous studies, however, have framed their examinations around the factors that influence support of police use of force in general, as compared to a focus on excessive force. This study utilized linear regression to examine the relationship between perceptions of police use of excessive force and retributive attitudes. The study employed a sample of 5,527 respondents from the American National Election Studies (ANES) 2020 Time Series Survey. Findings indicated that respondents’ perceptions of the frequency of police use of excessive force depend on their retributive attitudes. The more retributive one’s attitude, the less often they perceived the police to use too much force. Similarly, the more conservative one’s political ideology, the less frequently they perceived police used excessive force. Perceptions of police excessive force also vary across demographics. KEYWORDS: Retributiveness; Death Penalty; Police Use of Force; Police Excessive Force
Сучасні підходи в антропології: зміна парадигм та інтердисциплінарність
Authors: Шауренко Анна
Published: October 2023

Сучасна антропологія як наука постійно знаходиться у стані еволюції та трансформації, адаптуючись до нових викликів, змін у суспільстві та науковому середовищі. Стаття має на меті ретельно дослідити два важливих аспекти сучасної антропології: зміну парадигм і роль інтердисциплінарності, що відображають актуальні тенденції у розвитку цієї науки.

Розглядається еволюція антропологічних парадигм. Вивчається перехід від класичних еволюціоністських концепцій, які намагалися пояснити різноманітність культур на основі їх розвитку, до більш сучасних підходів, де аналізується вплив культурної релятивності та контекстуальності на розуміння людських явищ. З’ясовуються ключові фактори, що призвели до зміни парадигм та розширення обсягу досліджень в антропології.

Досліджується роль співпраці антропології з іншими науками, а саме: соціологія, біологія, психологія, лінгвістика тощо. Аналізуються позитивні аспекти використання інтердисциплінарності, такі як: збагачення теоретичного апарату, розширення методологічних підходів та відкриття нових можливостей для досліджень.

Робота підсумовує, що зміна парадигм та інтердисциплінарність є ключовими чинниками розвитку сучасної антропології, які допомагають розкрити різноманітність та складність людського життя, а також призвичаїтися до реалій ХХІ ст.
Korelasi Komunikasi Terapeutik Perawat Dengan Tingkat Kepuasan Keluarga Pasien ICU
Authors: Heriani Novia , Maharani Gandi Clarissa
Published: October 2023

Latar Belakang: Salah satu pelayanan sentral di rumah sakit adalah pelayanan Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Dimana ICU memiliki perawat dan perlengkapan khusus yang ditujukan untuk observasi, perawatan dan terapi pasien yang menderita penyakit kritis, atau potensial mengancam nyawa dengan prognosis yang masih bisa diharapkan. Kepuasan pasien dan keluarga menjadi ukuran kualitas pelayanan dan pemberian informasi perawatan di ICU dimana salah satu indikatornya adalah komunikasi terapeutik. Tujuan: penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat korelasi komunikasi terapeutik dengan tingkat kepuasan keluarga pasien ICU RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu seluruh keluarga pasien di Ruang ICU RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin pada bulan Mei-Juni 2022. Pengambilan sampel dengan sampel jenuh, berjumlah 69 responden. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner komunikasi terapeutik perawat dan kepuasan keluarga pasien dengan uji statistik Spearman Rank. Hasil: Hasil uji statistik didapatkan nilai p value (0,000) < α (0,05) sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada korelasi antara komunikasi terapeutik dengan kepuasan keluarga pasien di ruang ICU RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin dengan nilai spearman rank 0,670 yang menunjukkan arah korelasi positif dan hubungan kedua variabel sangat kuat. Kesimpulan: Perawat harus memiliki kemampuan melaksanakan komunikasi terapeutik yang baik agar kepuasan keluarga pasien terus meningkat.
PERAN ORANG TUA MENSTIMULASI PERKEMBANGAN ANAK DENGAN STATUS PERKEMBANGAN ANAK USIA 3-5 TAHUN DI POLI ANAK RSUD PAMBALAH BATUNG
Authors: Hinderayani Nani , Ariani Malisa , Basit Mohammad
Published: October 2023

Latar Belakang: Setiap tahapan dari pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak sangatlah penting pada seribu Hari Pertama Kehidupan (HPK) kelahirannya. Perawatan dan pengasuhan orang tua sangat mempengaruhi tahap perkembangannya. Stimulasi yang tepat akan merangsang otak anak sehingga perkembangannya menjadi optimal. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian yaitu menganalisis hubungan peran orangtua menstimulasi perkembangan anak dengan status perkembangan anak usia 3-5 tahun di Poli Anak RSUD Pambalah Batung. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Cross Sectional. Populasi orangtua beserta anaknya dengan usia 3-5 tahun yang berkunjung ke Poli Anak RSUD Pambalah Batung, jumlah sampel 54 orang. Teknik Purposive Sampling. Instrumen kuesioner dan lembar observasi menggunakan uji Chi Square. Hasil: Hasil yang didapatkan dari peran menstimulasi perkembangan anak baik sebanyak 43 orang (79,6%), status perkembangan anak yang sesuai sebanyak 34 orang (63%). Ada hubungan yang signifikan dengan nilai (p value) sebesar 0,022, dimana p value α (≤ 0,05). Kesimpulan: Orangtua dengan peran yang baik dalam menstimulasi berpeluang memiliki anak dengan perkembangan yang sesuai dibandingkan dengan orangtua dengan peran yang kurang baik dalam menstimulasi.
QUALIDADE DE VIDA DA PESSOA IDOSA E O TRABALHO DO PSICÓLOGO NO SISTEMA ÚNICO DE ASSISTÊNCIA SOCIAL
Authors: Bianchi Silva Rafael , Pedrosa Mandelli Jessica , Assahara da Silva Leticia
Published: October 2023

O envelhecimento populacional é um fenômeno que atinge diversos países, incluindo o Brasil. Nesse sentido, a crescente população demanda serviços e políticas de proteção e garantia de direitos específicas, bem como, práticas profissionais que contribuam com a qualidade de vida. Esse trabalho tem por objetivo produzir uma reflexão a respeito de que maneira e através de quais práticas o psicólogo poderia contribuir para a promoção de qualidade de vida para a pessoa idosa. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, de cunho bibliográfico, onde foram levantadas informações nos documentos e publicações norteadores da política sobre a atuação do psicólogo dentro do SUAS, bem como, busca em artigos publicados em revistas científicas depositadas nas bases de dados SciELO e PePSIC que versam sobre a prática do profissional de psicologia com essa população. Foram explanados dois eixos de discussões: qualidade de vida na velhice e a Psicologia no SUAS e a qualidade de vida do idoso. Conclui-se que os psicólogos, através da escuta e acolhimento, podem contribuir ativamente no desenvolvimento de práticas que oportunizem prevenção e combate à violência (como a convivência grupal e de ações psicoeducativas), corroborando para qualidade de vida das pessoas idosas.
NexGen regen? Challenges and opportunities for growth factors and signaling agents in periodontal regeneration at intrabony defects
Authors: Geisinger Maria L.
Published: October 2023

Regeneration of periodontal tissues that have been destroyed by inflammatory periodontitis involves the initiation of tissue engineering and wound healing of multiple tissues involved in the function of the teeth, including the periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. Such regeneration is termed guided tissue regeneration and the unique challenges to reconstruct these tissues involve a complex interplay of cells, signaling molecules, and scaffolds. While traditional guided tissue regeneration treatments have involved cell occlusive membranes, bone replacement graft scaffolds, and endogenous multipotent mesenchymal stem cells, the use of adjunctive materials to enhance healing outcomes has been studied and many such adjunctive factors are in common current clinical use. This report will focus on the current and emerging adjunctive growth factors and signaling molecules that can be used to optimize periodontal regeneration in periodontal intrabony defects, their mechanisms of action, the challenges associated with periodontal regeneration, and future avenues for research.
Immunotherapy and brain metastasis in lung cancer: connecting bench side science to the clinic
Authors: Rios-Hoyo Alejandro , Arriola Edurne
Published: October 2023

Brain metastases (BMs) are the most common form of intracranial malignant neoplasms in adults, with a profound impact on quality of life and traditionally associated with a dismal prognosis. Lung cancer accounts for approximately 40%–50% of BM across different tumors. The process leading to BMs is complex and includes local invasion, intravasation, tumor cells circulation into the bloodstream, disruption of the blood–brain barrier, extravasation of tumor cells into the brain parenchyma, and interaction with cells of the brain microenvironment, among others. Once the tumor cells have seeded in the brain parenchyma, they encounter different glial cells of the brain, as well as immune cells. The interaction between these cells and tumor cells is complex and is associated with both antitumoral and protumoral effects. To overcome the lethal prognosis associated with BMs, different treatment strategies have been developed, such as immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors, particularly inhibitors of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis, which have demonstrated to be an effective treatment in both non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer. These antibodies have shown to be effective in the treatment of BM, alone or in combination with chemotherapy or radiotherapy. However, many unsolved questions remain to be answered, such as the sequencing of immunotherapy and radiotherapy, the optimal management in symptomatic BMs, the role of the addition of anti–CTLA-4 antibodies, and so forth. The complexity in the management of BMs in the era of immunotherapy requires a multidisciplinary approach to adequately treat this devastating event. The aim of this review is to summarize evidence regarding epidemiology of BM, its pathophysiology, current approach to treatment strategies, as well as future perspectives.
Structural insights into the biological functions of the long pentraxin PTX3
Authors: Massimino Anna Margherita , Colella Filippo Emanuele , Bottazzi Barbara , Inforzato Antonio
Published: October 2023

Soluble pattern recognition molecules (PRMs) are a heterogenous group of proteins that recognize pathogen- and danger-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs and DAMPs, respectively), and cooperate with cell-borne receptors in the orchestration of innate and adaptive immune responses to pathogenic insults and tissue damage. Amongst soluble PRMs, pentraxins are a family of highly conserved proteins with distinctive structural features. Originally identified in the early 1990s as an early inflammatory gene, PTX3 is the prototype of long pentraxins. Unlike the short pentraxin C reactive protein (CRP), whose expression is mostly confined to the liver, PTX3 is made by several immune and non-immune cells at sites of infection and inflammation, where it intercepts fundamental aspects of infection immunity, inflammation, and tissue remodeling. Of note, PTX3 cross talks to components of the complement system to control cancer-related inflammation and disposal of pathogens. Also, it is an essential component of inflammatory extracellular matrices (ECMs) through crosslinking of hyaluronic acid and turn-over of provisional fibrin networks that assemble at sites of tissue injury. This functional diversity is mediated by unique structural characteristics whose fine details have been unveiled only recently. Here, we revisit the structure/function relationships of this long pentraxin in light of the most recent advances in its structural biology, with a focus on the interplay with complement and the emerging roles as a component of the ECM. Differences to and similarities with the short pentraxins are highlighted and discussed.
The role of intestinal microbes on intestinal barrier function and host immunity from a metabolite perspective
Authors: Fu Yifeng , Lyu Jin , Wang Shuangshuang
Published: October 2023

The gut is colonized by many commensal microorganisms, and the diversity and metabolic patterns of microorganisms profoundly influence the intestinal health. These microbial imbalances can lead to disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Microorganisms produce byproducts that act as signaling molecules, triggering the immune system in the gut mucosa and controlling inflammation. For example, metabolites like short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and secondary bile acids can release inflammatory-mediated signals by binding to specific receptors. These metabolites indirectly affect host health and intestinal immunity by interacting with the intestinal epithelial and mucosal immune cells. Moreover, Tryptophan-derived metabolites also play a role in governing the immune response by binding to aromatic hydrocarbon receptors (AHR) located on the intestinal mucosa, enhancing the intestinal epithelial barrier. Dietary-derived indoles, which are synthetic precursors of AHR ligands, work together with SCFA and secondary bile acids to reduce stress on the intestinal epithelium and regulate inflammation. This review highlights the interaction between gut microbial metabolites and the intestinal immune system, as well as the crosstalk of dietary fiber intake in improving the host microbial metabolism and its beneficial effects on the organism.
Novel frameshift variants expand the map of the genetic defects in IRF2BP2
Authors: García-Aznar José María , Maneiro Pampín Emilia , García Ramos Maite , Acuña Pérez María José , Paz Gandiaga Nerea , Minguell Domingo Laura , Calavia Olga , Soler-Palacin Pere , Colobran Roger , Novoa Bolívar Erika M. , Ocejo Vinyals Javier Gonzalo
Published: October 2023

Background

At present, the knowledge about disease-causing mutations in IRF2BP2 is very limited because only a few patients affected by this condition have been reported. As previous studies have described, the haploinsufficiency of this interferon transcriptional corepressors leads to the development of CVID. Very recently, a more accurate phenotype produced by truncating variants in this gene has been defined, manifesting CVID with gastrointestinal inflammatory symptoms and autoimmune manifestations.

Methods

We analyzed 5 index cases with suspected primary immunodeficiency by high throughput sequencing. They were submitted for a genetic test with a panel of genes associated with immune system diseases, including IRF2BP2. The screening of SNVs, indels and CNVs fulfilling the criteria with very low allelic frequency and high protein impact, revealed five novel variants in IRF2BP2. In addition, we isolated both wild-type and mutated allele of the cDNA from one of the families.

Results

In this study, we report five novel loss-of-function (LoF) mutations in IRF2BP2 that likely cause primary immunodeficiency, with CVID as more frequent phenotype, variable expression of inflammatory gastrointestinal features, and one patient with predisposition of viral infection. All identified variants were frameshift changes, and one of them was a large deletion located on chromosome 1q42, which includes the whole sequence of IRF2BP2, among other genes. Both de novo and dominant modes of inheritance were observed in the families here presented, as well as incomplete penetrance.

Conclusions

We describe novel variants in a delimited low-complex region, which may be considered a hotspot in IRF2BP2. Moreover, this is the first time that a large CNV in IRF2BP2 has been reported to cause CVID. The distinct mechanisms than LoF in IRF2BP2 could cause different phenotype compared with the mainly described. Further investigations are necessary to comprehend the regulatory mechanisms of IRF2BP2, which could be under variable expression of the disease.
Plant immune receptors interact with hemibiotrophic pathogens to activate plant immunity
Authors: Zhou Diao , Chen Xingzhou , Chen Xinggang , Xia Yandong , Liu Junang , Zhou Guoying
Published: October 2023

Phytopathogens pose a devastating threat to the productivity and yield of crops by causing destructive plant diseases in natural and agricultural environments. Hemibiotrophic pathogens have a variable-length biotrophic phase before turning to necrosis and are among the most invasive plant pathogens. Plant resistance to hemibiotrophic pathogens relies mainly on the activation of innate immune responses. These responses are typically initiated after the plant plasma membrane and various plant immune receptors detect immunogenic signals associated with pathogen infection. Hemibiotrophic pathogens evade pathogen-triggered immunity by masking themselves in an arms race while also enhancing or manipulating other receptors to promote virulence. However, our understanding of plant immune defenses against hemibiotrophic pathogens is highly limited due to the intricate infection mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the strategies that different hemibiotrophic pathogens interact with host immune receptors to activate plant immunity. We also discuss the significant role of the plasma membrane in plant immune responses, as well as the current obstacles and potential future research directions in this field. This will enable a more comprehensive understanding of the pathogenicity of hemibiotrophic pathogens and how distinct plant immune receptors oppose them, delivering valuable data for the prevention and management of plant diseases.
Natural polysaccharides exert anti-tumor effects as dendritic cell immune enhancers
Authors: Xiong Hongtai , Han Xinpu , Cai Liu , Zheng Honggang
Published: October 2023

With the development of immunotherapy, the process of tumor treatment is also moving forward. Polysaccharides are biological response modifiers widely found in plants, animals, fungi, and algae and are mainly composed of monosaccharides covalently linked by glycosidic bonds. For a long time, polysaccharides have been widely used clinically to enhance the body’s immunity. However, their mechanisms of action in tumor immunotherapy have not been thoroughly explored. Dendritic cells (DCs) are a heterogeneous population of antigen presenting cells (APCs) that play a crucial role in the regulation and maintenance of the immune response. There is growing evidence that polysaccharides can enhance the essential functions of DCs to intervene the immune response. This paper describes the research progress on the anti-tumor immune effects of natural polysaccharides on DCs. These studies show that polysaccharides can act on pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) on the surface of DCs and activate phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), Dectin-1/Syk, and other signalling pathways, thereby promoting the main functions of DCs such as maturation, metabolism, antigen uptake and presentation, and activation of T cells, and then play an anti-tumor role. In addition, the application of polysaccharides as adjuvants for DC vaccines, in combination with adoptive immunotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), as well as their co-assembly with nanoparticles (NPs) into nano drug delivery systems is also introduced. These results reveal the biological effects of polysaccharides, provide a new perspective for the anti-tumor immunopharmacological research of natural polysaccharides, and provide helpful information for guiding polysaccharides as complementary medicines in cancer immunotherapy.