bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ekstraksi Dan Karakterisasi Kitosan Dari Kulit Udang Windu (Penaeus monodon) Serta Proses Depolimerisasi Kitosan Dengan Hidrogen Peroksida Berdasarkan Variasi Suhu Pemanasan
Authors: Tanasale Matheis F.J.D.P. , Telussa Ivonne , Sekewael Serly J.
Published: August 2024

An extraction of chitin from shell of the tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon), a convertion chitin into chitosan and depolymerization chitosan into oligochitosan using hydrogen peroxide based on variations in heating temperature have been done. Chitosan had depolymerized and itâ€™s molecular weight had tested by end group analysis method and itâ€™s degree of deacetylation had tested by UV-Vis spectrophotometry method. Oligochitosan had obtained from the conversion of chitin is isolated from the shell of tiger shrimp and from commercial chitin. The content of chitin obtained in tiger shrimp shells was 35.90% while the result of the conversion of commercial chitin into chitosan amounted to 62.33%.  Characterization of functional groups using FTIR spectrophotometry showed that the conversion of chitosan from chitin commercial have absorption bands of 3617.56 (OH), 3050.47 - 3127.63 (-NH stretching), 2894.24 (-CH methylene), 1679.06 (-C = O), 1564.30 (-NH bending), and 1076.30 cm-1 (-CO-). The commercial chitosan which is characterized by FTIR spectrophotometric method also supports the results of the conversion of chitosan from chitin commercial.  In the process of depolymerization of chitosan by hydrogen peroxide was found that the greater heating temperature was used, the smaller the percent yield and molecular weight of oligochitosan were at 40 oC, 50 oC, 60 oC and 70 oC gained weight average molecular oligochitosan were 1030.12 g/mol, 1019, 28 g/mol, 978.12 g/mol, and 908.82 g/mol, respectively
Analisis Senyawa Piren pada Alga Laut Eucheuma cottoni Di Perairan Kabupaten Bantaeng
Authors: Yusuf Evana Y. , La Nafie Nursiah , Dali Seniwati
Published: August 2024

The compounds pyrene is one of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HAP) which is derived from petroleum. These compounds are carcinogenic and toxic for the marine biota. The purpose of this study to determine the levels of pyrene compounds in marine algae. In this research, analysis of pyrene compounds in marine algae Eucheuma cottonii using the method of GC - MS (Gas Chromatography - Mass spectrophotometry). Sampling was conducted in the waters the Bantaeng Regency with a 6 point sampling different locations namely Nipa-nipa, Bakara, Boroloe, Tapaloe, Baruga village and Baruga. The results showed that the concentration of pyrene compounds found in marine algae Eucheuma cottonii at 6 locations in waters the Bantaeng Regency has a concentration low enough pyrene compounds that is 0009-0063 ppm. This means that the concentration of pyrene was obtained below the threshold value determined by the decision of national of Environmental ministry for the marine life.
Pembuatan Bioetanol Berbahan Baku Kertas Bekas menggunakan Metode Hidrolisis Asam dan Fermentasi
Authors: Ramayanti Cindi , Giasmara Ketty R.
Published: August 2024

The enormous global daily consumption of liquid fuels is of the order of 80 million barrels/day (equivalent of 12.7 million m3/day). The sugar cane area required to produce the same volume of ethanol about 700 million hectares, assuming a yield of 6.5 m3/ha/year of ethanol. This study focus to use the second generation feedstock for bioethanol production. Waste papers have cellulose biomass in high percentage  so that can be used as potential alternative biomass feedstock to convert bioethanol. Alkaline delignification was conducted by sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and then hydrolyzed using sulfuric acid (H2SO4) diluted with various concentrations (2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, and 5% (v/v) and then fermentation was carried out by Saccharomyces cereviciae with the variation fermentation time (4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days, and 8 days). Ethanol will be produced after separated using evaporation process. The results for the paper inked with the highest ethanol content of 6,12 % (v/v) was obtained at a concentration of 4% sulfuric acid (v / v) and 7 days fermentation time. While the paper without ink obtained the highest ethanol content of 8,13 % (v / v) sulfuric acid at a concentration of 4% (v/v) and 7 days fermentation time
Pemodelan Homologi Komparatif FABP Belalang Kembara (Locusta migratoria) Dengan PHYRE2 dan Skrining Virtual Inhibitor Potensial
Authors: Saudale Fredy Z , Suatu Irenes R.S.
Published: August 2024

The outbreak of locusta migratoria has caused a local crisis in production and cultivation of agricultural crops in East Nusa Tenggara Province. FABP (Fatty Acid-Binding Protein) plays an important role in transporting fatty acids from cytoplasm into mitochondria to generate ATP energy for locusta to fly and migrate. FABP inhibition is an attractive strategy to be exploited for novel insecticide development. Comparative homology modeling using Phyre2 had been used to generate two FABP models built from desert locusta (Schistocerca gregaria, 98% percent identity) and mice (Mus musculus, 40% percent identity) FABP protein as templates. Both FABP models showed an acceptable quality of stereochemistry and structural energy with lower atomic clash scores after refinement. Virtual screening identified potent inhibitor candidates with highest affinity energies which are (i) a heterocyclic compound C00628966 (-10.2 kcal/mol) and (iii) an imidazole derivative C15721579 (-8.5 kcal/mol) that were stabilized through a hydrogen bond with Ser53 also (iii) a pyrimidine derivative C73698912 (-8.1 kcal/mol) stabilized through hydrogen bonds with Thr57, Thr62 and Ser55. Their interactions resemble inhibitors that have been known to inhibit homologous FABP in humans. Therefore, these compounds warrant further in vitro validation and assay for development of selective insecticides to control locusta population.
Sintesis Nanopartikel Perak dan Pengaruh Penambahan Asam p-Kumarat Untuk Aplikasi Deteksi Melamin
Authors: R Irwan , Zakir Muhammad , Budi Prastawa
Published: August 2024

Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using mangosteen bark extract, modification and its application in detecting melamine has conducted. This research aimed to synthesize AgNPs via bio-reduction method using mangosteen bark extract followed by modification with p-coumaric acid (APK), and evaluating its application detecting melamine. The AgNPs were characterized through ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Observation suggested that an increase of incubation time had affected its surface Plasmon resonance trend. Observation of functional group by FTIR showed that carbonyl group (1707 cm-1) suspected from hydroxyl group (3414 cm-1). Further analysis of crystallite via XRD suggested that nanoparticle size at 30 nm estimated using Debye-Scherer, within the form of unit cells is cubic. Modified AgNPs showed an interaction between APK and particle surface through C=C alkenes (1598 cm-1) and aromatics (1672 cm-1), =C-H aromatic (3070 cm-1), aliphatic C-H (2501 cm-1), C-O (1107 cm-1) and C=O carboxylate (1774 cm-1). The performance of product as melamine detector suggested that the AgNPs-APK had detected melamine in range of concentration from 0.1 to 1000 ppm.
Produksi Ekstrak Bioaktif Untuk Aditif Pangan Dari Limbah Kulit Buah Naga: Pengaruh Metode Pre-Treatment Dan Ekstraksi
Authors: Shofinita Dian , Bindar Yazid , Jaelawijaya Arwinda Aprillia , Harimawan Ardiyan , Fawwaz Mifta
Published: August 2024

Dragon fruit is one of the tropical fruits can be grown in Indonesia. The skin of dragon fruit, which is accounted for 30-35% of the whole fruit usually thrown away as waste. This study aims to produce a bioactive extract from extraction of dragon fruit skin that is rich in phenolic and pigment compounds then it used as food additives. The variation that was used in this study includes the application of drying as pre-treatment of dragon fruit skin and the extraction methods (maceration and Soxhlet extraction). The obtained extracts were evaluated for the amount of total phenolic compounds and pigments (anthocyanin and betacyanin). Drying of dragon fruit skin was found to yield lower amounts of bioactive materials, which may occur due to the thermal degradation even though a low drying temperature was used. In addition, the maceration method was found to give a higher amount of bioactive materials compared with the Soxhlet method. The extraction with the highest yield of bioactive materials was obtained by the use of fresh dragon fruit skin and maceration for 240 minutes, which gave amounts of anthocyanin, betacyanin, and total phenolic compounds of  0.08, 0.04, dan 0.35 mg/g fresh dragon fruit skin, respectively.
Ekstraksi Kalsium dari Cangkang Kerang Hijau (Perna viridis L.) dan Kerang Batik (Paphia undulata B.) dengan Metode Kalsinasi sebagai Sediaan Effervescent
Authors: Usman Mohammad Rofik , Nabila Rifka , Hakiki Lutfiah Nurul
Published: August 2024

One of the solutions is the supplying of calcium effervescent powder as a source of calcium. The source of calcium that has not been processed maximally is the clam shell. Calcium from the clam shells will be extracted by calcination method at 900 Â°C for 4 hours. The extracted clam shells powder are tested using XRD and analyzed using the Rietveld method. The particle sizes of calcium are determined by the Scherer equation. The best calcium is formulated into 3 formulations with several variations in composition. Evaluation of calcium effervescent powder includes organoleptic test, water content and dispersion time. The extracted calcium crystal diffractogram shows the CaO compound with cubic structure and space group FM3M. The particle sizes of CaO nanoparticles from green shells and batik were 88.7597nm and 96.66566nm, respectively. The best CaO based on Ï‡2 values â€‹â€‹and particle sizes are CaO from green clamshells. The organoleptic test of the three formulations produced the same data as yellow, granular shape, and citrus aroma. Formulation three is the best formulation based on the low water content and short dispersion time.
Characterization of Alginate-Cellulose-Kaolin Composites for Slow-Release Urea Fertilizer
Authors: Sunardi Sunardi , Faramitha Gusti Nia , Santoso Uripto Trisno
Published: August 2024

Research on the effect of cellulose and kaolin addition to alginate-cellulose-kaolin composites' characteristics as a slow-release agent of urea fertilizer has been done. The technique used in composites' preparation is an extrusion technique using 2% CaCl2 solution as a cross-linker. The compositions of alginate-cellulose-kaolin were varied to determine their effect on composites' characteristics such as diameter, color, swelling ratio, entrapment efficiency, and release of urea. The results showed that the diameter of beads in wet condition produced ranges from 2.98 to 3.54 mm, whereas the diameter of dry beads ranges from 1.22 to 1.92 mm. The addition of cellulose and kaolin affected the color of the beads produced based on CIE Lab analysis. The value of the swelling ratio decreased with the addition of cellulose and kaolin. The entrapment efficiency of urea in beads obtained ranged from 37.25 to 45.06%. The release of urea in aqueous media showed that cellulose and kaolin's addition into the alginate affected the amount of released urea.
Study of Molecular Docking of Alkaloid Derivative Compounds from Stem Karamunting (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa) Against α-glucosidase Enzymes
Authors: Mulyati Budi , Seulina Panjaitan Riong
Published: August 2024

Karamunting plant (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa) is a traditional medicinal plant. The leaves, roots, stems, and fruits of Karamunting have been identified, and their biological activities are antioxidants, antibacterial, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer that contained alkaloids, tannins, and flavonoids. The types of alkaloids found in karamunting stems are homolycorine, ismine, lycorine, maritidine and tazetine. This study aims to determine the binding score of alkaloid-derived compounds with protein α-glucosidase and determine the protein's active site bound to the ligand. The method used in this research is Protein-Ligand ANT-System (PLANTS).  The results showed that the anchoring score of homolycorine was -60.83 kcal/mol, ismine -64.42 kcal/mol, lycorine -71.20 kcal/mol, maritidine -61.82 kcal/mol, and tazetine -65.02 kcal/mol. The active sites used for binding are Glu526, Gly555, and Pro556. The average score for anchoring alkaloid-derived compounds with protein Î±-glucosidase is 83.84%. This number indicates that karamunting stems can be used as antidiabetic.
Diversity of Butterflies in The Papilionoidea Superfamily (Lepidoptera) in Residential Areas Of Jambi City
Authors: Kurniawan Bayu , Ritonga Nisma Hariyanti
Published: August 2024

Butterflies are species with various benefits at each level of ecological niches, including their role as environmental quality bioindicators. The presence of human settlements poses a challenge to maintaining the sustainability of various species, including butterflies. This research aims to determine the diversity and dominance of butterfly species in residential areas in Amuntai, Kota Jambi. Data collection was conducted using an exploratory method by exploring the research location once a week in the morning for two months. In this study, 8 butterfly species were found from 2 families, namely Pieridae consisting of 3 species (Leptosia nina, Eurema hecabe, Appias libythea) and Nymphalidae consisting of 5 species (Neptis hylas, Elymbias nesaea, Junonia hedonia, Junonia orithya, Junonia atlites) with H' value of 1.97 and D value of 0.15.
PERSPEKTIF GURU TERHADAP PENDIDIKAN GENDER DI MADRASAH TSANAWIYAH
Authors: Hamise Hamise
Published: August 2024

This study aims to explore teachers' perspectives on gender education in Madrasah Tsanawiyah. Using a qualitative approach, data was collected through in-depth interviews, classroom observations, and documentation analysis. The findings suggest that teachers' understanding of gender education varies, with some teachers showing a deep understanding while others still feel confused. The implementation of gender education in the classroom also faces various challenges, including resistance from students and parents as well as limitations in adequate resources and training. Nonetheless, gender education has shown a positive impact on students' attitudes, behaviors, and understandings. Teachers who have the support of madrassas and communities tend to be more successful in teaching this topic. This study emphasizes the importance of holistic and continuous support from various parties to improve the effectiveness of gender education in madrasas.
Peran Ibu dalam Membangun Kesadaran Gender pada Anak-Anak di Komunitas Rural
Authors: Kudri Kudri
Published: August 2024

This study examines the role of mothers in educating children about gender awareness in rural communities of Bungo Regency, Jambi Province, with a focus on the influence of traditional social and cultural norms. Through a qualitative approach, data was collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation with housewives as respondents. The results of the study show that traditional values are still very strong and play a big role in determining gender roles, but there are mothers who try to teach gender equality values despite facing various challenges. These findings indicate that gender education by more egalitarian mothers can help children develop a broader view of gender roles and demonstrate a more inclusive attitude. This research provides important insights into social dynamics in rural communities and suggests the need for broader support to drive change towards gender equality.
Manusia sebagai Citra Allah di Bait Semesta: Tinjauan terhadap Imago Dei, Homo Liturgicus, dan Implikasi terhadap Pendidikan Kristen
Authors: Yohanes Hendra
Published: August 2024

Abstrak. Pendidikan Kristen yang terlalu menekankan aspek rasio dari natur manusia terpengaruh oleh rasionalisme yang mereduksi konsep imago Dei.  Di dalam tulisan ini, saya menyajikan studi biblis dan ekstrabiblis tentang gambar dan rupa Allah. Visi citra Allah yang diciptakan untuk menyembah Allah dan mewakili pemerintahan-Nya di bait semesta merupakan kemuridan yang menjadi tujuan dari pendidikan Kristen. Konsep imago Dei di bait semesta ini diperbandingkan juga dengan model homo liturgicus yang diajukan oleh James K. A. Smith. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan Kristen tidak berhenti pada hanya mengomunikasikan bahan ajar Kristiani, melainkan pembentukan orang-orang yang hasratnya diarahkan kepada Kerajaan Allah.Abstract. Christian education which places too much emphasis on the rational aspect of human nature is influenced by rationalism which reduces the concept of the imago Dei. In this article, I present a biblical and extrabiblical study of the image and likeness of God. The vision of the image of God created to worship God and represent His reign in the universal temple is the discipleship that is the goal of Christian education. The concept of the imago Dei in this cosmic temple is also compared with the homo liturgicus model proposed by James K. A. Smith. The results of this study show that Christian education does not stop at only communicating Christian teaching materials, but rather forms people whose desires are directed towards the Kingdom of God.
Yazid,2024 Pengaruh Arus Lalu Lintas Kendaraan Di Ruas Jalan Arteri Kota Kediri Terhadap Pemetaan Emisi Gas Karbon Dioksida (CO2) Dan Suhu Permukaan Tanah
Authors: Fauzan Yazid
Published: August 2024

Kota Kediri merupakan kota tertua di Jawa Timur dan terletak 130 km barat daya Kota Surabaya. Kota ini merupakan enklave dari Kabupaten Kediri. Berdasarkan data BPS 2023 sensus penduduk Kota Kediri sejumlah 289.418 jiwa. Dengan jumlah seperti diatas tentu berpengaruh terhadap kepadatan arus lalu lintas di kota tersebut. Kepadatan volume kendaraan juga berdampak dengan zat kimiawi yang dikeluarkan seperti karbon dioksida (CO2), Hidrokarbon (HC), timah hitam (Pb), dll. Selain dari itu, volume kendaraan juga berdampak pada meningkatnya suhu permukaan tanah pada area ruas jalan. Pada penelitian ini hal yang dibahas hanya emisi CO2 dan suhu permukaan tanah. Adapun perhitungan volume kendaraan menggunakan metode MKJI 1997 kemudian dilakukan pemetaan menggunakan ArcGIS. Setelah dilakukan penelitian menghasilkan bahwa volume kendaraan tertinggi ada pada segmen I Jalan Diponegoro pukul 16.45-17.00 WIB sebesar 5788,4 smp/jam. Rata - rata emisi CO2 tertinggi pada segmen II Jalan Basuki Rachmat yaitu 745 ppm dan suhu permukaan tanah tertinggi terletak saat jam puncak sore hari pada segmen V Jalan HOS Cokroaminoto sebesar 41,7°C.
Edukasi Proper Body Mechanics Untuk Mengurangi Nyeri Pinggang
Authors: Rosdiana Ika , Wirastuti Ken
Published: August 2024

Back pain is a medical condition that has the potential to cause disability. The 2020 Global Burden of Disease, Injury and Risk Factors study, the number of people affected by low back pain reached 619 million globally, with a projection of reaching 843 million cases in 2050. The YLD Years Lived with Disability rate based on global age standards in 2020 reached 832 per 100,000, thus there has been an increase in the number of low back pain sufferers in each time period. Improper use of body mechanics when carrying out various activities can cause mechanical lower back pain. Proper Body Mechanics is a preventive way to maintain alignment, balance and back posture when carrying out activities. The Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) is one of the most widely used instruments to measure self-reported disability in patients with low back pain. RMDQ is an instrument to assess what percentage of clinical improvement over time is assessed based on serial analysis of scores. The aim of this PKW is to provide education about the importance of proper body mechanics for patients with low back pain in reducing pain and reducing recurrence. The method for implementing this PKW is to provide education about the importance of proper body mechanics to participants who experience back pain. Participants carry out proper body mechanics for 3 months. Before and after carrying out proper body mechanics, interviews were conducted using RMDQ. The results of this education showed that data from 22 participants showed that there had been an increase in function of 85.44% and a decrease in the level of disability from the RMDQ score. This provides evidence of the effectiveness of proper body mechanics in reducing low back pain
Pendampingan Implementasi Manajemen Pembelajaran Berbasis Online Role-Playing Game di SMP Negeri 2 Kaliwungu Kudus
Authors: Himawati Ulya , Shofiyuddin Muh , Zulfahmi Muhammad Nofan , Attalina Syailin Nichla Choirin , Ulumuddin Imam Khoirul , Amal Tri Akhsanul , Aziza Nailatul , Salma Siti
Published: August 2024

Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini bertujuan untuk mengadakan pembekalan dan pendampingan implementasi manajemen pembelajaran berbasis online Role-Playing Game (RPG) yang ditujukan kepada guru SMP Negeri 2 Kaliwungu Kudus. Pengabdian ini melibatkan 30 peserta dari unsur guru. Metode penerapan PKM ini menggunakan metode pembekalan dan pendampingan dengan tahapan Training and Education, Experience dan Mentoring. Selanjutnya, Pembekalan dan pendampingan kegiatan dilaksanakan selama 2 hari dari tanggal 16 oktober sampai 17 Oktober 2023. Pada hari pertama, tim pengabdian masyarakat melakukan pembekalan terkait kurikulum merdeka dan bagaimana cara penerapan online RPG pada pembelajaran di kelas. Hari kedua, peserta melakukan praktik untuk pembuatan game online RPG secara mandiri yang didampingi oleh tim pengabdian masyarakat sehingga hasil dari kegiatan PKM adalah guru dapat membuat game online RPG secara mandiri dan mengaplikasikannya ke dalam pembelajaran sehingga meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam hal pengembangan media pembelajaran.This Community Service (PKM) aims to provide provision and assistance in the implementation of online RPG game-based learning management for teachers at SMP Negeri 2 Kaliwungu Kudus. This service involved 30 participants from the teacher element. This method of implementing community service uses the provision and mentoring method with the stages of Training and Education, Experience and Mentoring. Furthermore, provision and assistance for activities was carried out for 2 days from 16 October to 17 October 2023. On the first day, the community service team provided provision regarding the independent curriculum and how to apply online Role-Playing Game (RPG) to classroom learning. On the second day, participants practiced creating online RPG games independently, accompanied by a community service team. Therefore, the results of community service activities are that teachers can create online RPG games independently and apply them to learning so as to increase teachers' abilities in terms of developing learning media.
Удосконалення способу регулювання тиску повітря в герметичних кабінах літака-винищувача при їх несанкціонованій розгерметизації
Authors: Проценко О. І. , Померанцев А. О. , Лещенко Р. В. , Мартинюк В. А.
Published: August 2024

У статті запропоновано заходи щодо підвищення захисту льотчика літака-винищувача від дії негативних висотних факторів, що можуть трапитися в польоті, при неконтрольованій розгерметизації  кабіни літака. Запропоновані заходи полягають в удосконаленні управління засобами захисту та корекції закону зміни тиску повітря в герметичній кабіні при його падінні за допомогою встановлення додаткового каналу подачі повітря. Розглянуто причини виникнення авіаційних подій, пов'язаних з висотною декомпресійною хворобою, що виникає при раптовій розгерметизації кабіни літака. Обґрунтовано шляхи запобігання випадкам часткової або повної втрати льотним складом здатності виконувати навчально-бойові завдання. Проведено аналіз вимог і обмежень функціонування системи регулювання тиску в герметичній кабіні літака для забезпечення життєдіяльності льотчика під час виконання польоту. Запропоновано напрям удосконалення способу регулювання тиску повітря в герметичних кабінах літака-винищувача при їх несанкціонованій розгерметизації, сутність якого полягає в створенні додаткового каналу подачі повітря та встановленні додаткового регулятора подачі повітря. Обґрунтовано напрям удосконалення бортових засобів систем забезпечення життєдіяльності льотчика з урахуванням досвіду ведення бойових дій.
Pelatihan Penggunaan Microsoft Word Bagi Siswa Kelas V dan VI sebagai Persiapan (ANBK) di SDN 1 Gadingkulon, DAU, Kab. Malang
Authors: Amiruddin Muhammad , Arifin Hendy Rifki Saputra , Ramadan Syahrul , Rahmadani M. Eugine , Rizkiyah Rosianti Chairur , Hasna Zulfa Fakhriyah
Published: August 2024

Perkembangan teknologi sedemikian rupa ini tidak terlepas dari banyaknya pemanfaatan teknologi yang memudahkan kehidupan manusia. Akibat dari perkembangan teknologi juga berdampak di dunia pendidikan yang salah satunya yaitu ujian yang berbasis computer di tingkat sekolah dasar sebagai pengganti dari ujian yang berbasis alat tulis. SDN 1 Gadingkulon merupakan salah satu sekolah dasar yang juga harus memanfaatkan teknologi berbasis computer untuk pembelajaran dan ujian namun banyak siswa yang belum dapat mengorasikannya dengan baik. oleh seban itu sosialisasi dan pendampingan oleh tim pengabdian KKN di SDN 1 Gadingkulon sangat diperlukan. Metode pengabdian ini menggunakan metode Scientific yang dirancang untuk mengkonsep sebuah pemahaman sekaligus praktik. hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa sosialisasi dilakukan pada siswa kelas 5 dan 6 SDN 1 Gadingkulon berjalan dengan baik. Dilanjutkan dengan pengenalan fitur Microsoft Word beserta fungsi dan penggunaan. Kesimpulan kegiatan pengabdian ini ialah sosialisasi dan pendampingan berjalan dengan efektif dan memberikan dampak yang signifikan pada siswa setelah terlaksananya kegiatan tersebut. Sebanyak 90 persen siswa telah mampu mengoperasikan computer terutama pada ujian sekolah yang sebelumnya siswa tidak mengetahui tata cara pengoperasian teknologi computer.
Bismuth telluride solid solutions based on doped with graphene
Authors: Ivanova L. D. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Sciences RAS, Granatkina Yu. V. , Nikhezina I. Yu. , Malchev A. G. , Nikulin D. S. , Shtern M. Y. , Erofeeva A. R. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Sciences RAS,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Sciences RAS,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Sciences RAS,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Sciences RAS,   JSC Giredmet,   JSC Giredmet
Published: August 2024

The microstructure and thermoelectric properties of materials based on Bi0,5Sb1,5Te3 solid solutions p-type conductivity and Bi2Te2,4Se0,6 n-type conductivity doped with graphene have been studied. The samples were obtained by spark plasma sintering of powders prepared by melt spinning and crushed in a ball mill together with graphene plates, which were introduced in an amount of 0,05, 0,1 and 0,15 wt. %. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the composition and microstructure. The p-type conductivity samples had a fine-grained (on the order of hundreds of nanometers) structure with micron-sized tellurium-based eutectic inclusions. The samples of n-type conductivity contained grains with melted edges. Thermoelectric parameters were measured: the Seebeck coefficient, specific electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity at room temperature and in the temperature range of 100 –700 K, and the thermoelectric figure of merit was calculated. When adding 0,15 wt.% graphene plates to a p-type conductivity solid solution, the maximum thermoelectric figure of merit of the material (ZT)max increased by 13% and at 420 K was 1,3. The highest thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT)max = 0,83 at 470 K was obtained for the a n-type conductivity sample doped with 0,1 wt.% graphene plates.
Highly porous ceramic materials based on coarsely dispersed αAl2O3
Authors: Kapustin R. D. ,   Merzhanov Institute of Structural Macrokinetics and Materials Science Russian Academy of Sciences, Uvarov V. I. , Kirillov A. O. , Fedotov A. S. , Grachev D. Yu. , Tsodikov M. V. ,   Merzhanov Institute of Structural Macrokinetics and Materials Science Russian Academy of Sciences,   Merzhanov Institute of Structural Macrokinetics and Materials Science Russian Academy of Sciences,   A.V.Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences,   A.V.Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences,   A.V.Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2024

The synthesis of highly porous ceramic materials for catalytic converters based on coarse-dispersed αAl2O3 was carried out using a combination of compaction and thermochemical synthesis methods with the participation of active ultrafine binders. Using XRD and SEM methods, it was established that the morphology of the synthesized material includes the simultaneous presence of large pores between the filler particles (the dominant αAl2O3 phase) and submicron pores in the transboundary areas that appeared during the processes of liquid-phase sintering and gas evolution. A significant amount of indialite Mg2Al4Si5O18 and spinel MgAl2O4, formed as a result of thermochemical synthesis on the surfaces and in the gaps between coarse particles, was revealed. Pores dominate (according to the volume of mercury intrusion) in the size range from 20 to 60 µm (about 73%), as well as from 0.4 to 2 µm (about 6 %). The average pore size is about 9 µm, the equivalent hydraulic diameter of the pore channels is about 3 µm. Highly porous materials with these characteristics of the pore space can be effectively used after modification as catalytic converters for the dehydrogenation of alkylaromatic hydrocarbons with a large molecular size (about 400 nm) with a long mean free path of about 3 – 4 μm.
Responsabilidad civil por administración no deseada de un tratamiento de soporte vital
Authors: Solé Feliu Josep
Published: August 2024

Este trabajo estudia la eventual responsabilidad civil del profesional sanitario por la administración no deseada de tratamientos de soporte vital. Se trata de supuestos en los que un paciente capaz manifiesta su voluntad, por regla general -aunque no exclusivamente- en un documento de instrucciones previas, y declara que, bajo ciertas circunstancias, no desea que le sean aplicadas medidas dirigidas a mantener su vida de manera artificial. Sin embargo, llegado el momento, un profesional sanitario incumple esta voluntad y aplica unas medidas que alargan indeseadamente la vida del paciente. El trabajo aborda el conflicto entre el derecho a la vida del paciente y su derecho a la libre autodeterminación personal, a la luz de la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos y la experiencia de los tribunales alemanes y norteamericanos en las llamadas acciones de wrongful living. También dirige la mirada al derecho español y, en previsión de posibles demandas, argumenta soluciones que puedan cubrir la actual ausencia de criterios jurisprudenciales.
Violencia machista en el entorno laboral del sistema penal
Authors: Safranoff Ana , Rodríguez-Menés Jorge
Published: August 2024

A partir del análisis de una encuesta realizada a las profesionales de distintos colectivos del ámbito de la ejecución penal del Departament de Justícia, Drets i Memòria de la Generalitat de Catalunya (2022), se busca identificar qué factores de riesgo aumentan la probabilidad de que las mujeres sean objeto de discriminación, abuso psicológico y violencia física y sexual en el ámbito laboral, tanto por parte de colegas hombres como de los usuarios con los que tratan en su servicio. El factor que más aumenta los riesgos es el contacto con hombres privados de libertad, especialmente en lo relativo a la violencia física y sexual. Las cárceles son espacios especialmente peligrosos para las mujeres que trabajan en ellas. Otro factor relevante que incrementa los riesgos resulta las limitaciones de la vida diaria por motivos de salud. Además, las mujeres trabajadoras más jóvenes, con mayores niveles educativos, mayor antigüedad laboral y/o que tienen la condición de funcionarias tienen una mayor probabilidad de sufrir determinados tipos de violencia. Una hipótesis posible para explicar esto, y que las mujeres que tienen actitudes menos paternalistas y machistas sufran más violencia psicológica sexual por parte de sus compañeros profesionales, es que son las mujeres que cuentan con mayores recursos cognitivos, culturales o socioeconómicos las que más se percatan de las conductas machistas y más las sufren como represalia.
Assessment of the GNSS Data Collected at the Main Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS) of the Iraqi Geodetic Network
Authors: Mahdi Hussein Alwan , Ahmed Ehssan Ali
Published: August 2024

The Continuously Operating Reference Station (CORS) network has several stations that collect and record data from Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) constellations. These stations run continuously in an automated manner to collaborate and interact with different users for positioning services. In this study, the collected GNSS data at five CORS sites of the Iraqi Geodetic network was assessed to determine if there were any significant changes in the positions of these stations for a long time. This change gives a clear interpretation of the impact of different geophysical phenomena (e.g. tectonic plate motion) on the stability of positions within time.  Therefore, the collected data at ZAXO, ISER, ISBA, ISKU and ISNA stations were analysed for seven years 2015 – 2022 (i.e. from 1st Jan 2015 to 31st Dec 2021). The daily position of each station can be computed from 24-hour recording data at a 30-second rate using GAPS or CSRS free software for Precise Point Positioning (PPP). Thus, 8806 observation daily files were used. The processed data was represented as a time series in Easting, Northing and Up coordinates for each station to analyse the trend of movement in these stations. It was found that the change in both Easting and Northing coordinates has a linear trend, which agrees with the general trend of tectonic motion in this part of the world. The mean yearly change was within 22-27 mm. On the other hand, the change in the Up coordinate with time had a fluctuated change over time "wave behaviour" or exhibited periodic variations.
Efeitos da Exposição à Mídia Violenta
Authors: Kahn Tulio , Ferreira Roger , Poli Garcia Fernanda , Emmanuelly Gomes de Oliveira Twanny , Facundo Nino Gustavo
Published: August 2024

O artigo analisa de forma sistemática a literatura empírica sobre mídia e violência nos últimos dez anos. Como parte de um relatório maior, o texto concentra-se em 35 artigos que analisaram os efeitos da exposição a conteúdos violentos. Apesar de apresentar diferentes níveis de robustez, esta literatura demonstra que a exposição ao conteúdo violento tem diversos efeitos deletérios e duradouros, especialmente entre os jovens. Esses incluem comportamento agressivo, transtornos mentais, alterações cerebrais, piora no sono e na alimentação e alterações nas percepções. O texto também procura documentar quais políticas e fatores protetivos podem ser utilizados para amenizar essas externalidades negativas. Os resultados encontrados sugerem que a exposição infantil à violência midiática tem diversos efeitos prejudiciais, incluindo comportamento violento e agressivo, estresse pós-traumático, ansiedade e depressão, dentre outros.
Effect of the tube material on the thermal performance of automobile (radiator) of cooling system
Authors: Abdul Jabbar Ali , Khalefa Kadhim Zena , A. Khalaf Kamel
Published: August 2024

The car cooling systems, was considered one of the most important parts which work in dissipated the heat is generating by engine of the car. This study used simulation of CFD to optimize the radiator thermal performance by changing the pipe material while maintaining the same cross-sectional area.  By used water-Ethelyn-glycol mixture (50:50) as a hot fluid at flow rates of (12) and (24) litters/hour at different temperatures (85, 90, 95) oC, air was considered a cold fluid with different speeds, respectively (1.5, 2.5, 4.5, 5.5) m /s and its inlet temperature (35) oC . It was clear from the results that there was a significant convergence in heat transfer rates when replacing the pipe metal from copper to aluminium for the improved model compared to the basic model. They are approximately equal at some air velocity. with a small advantage for copper of approximately 5% in terms of heat transfer rate and overall heat transfer coefficient.
The main reason for why the Euler product not equal to the Zeta function
Authors: Annamalai Chinnaraji
Published: August 2024

The author of this article has already disproved the Euler product equal to the Riemann zeta function that was proved by the earlier mathematicians. This article presents the main reason for why the Euler product not equal to the Riemann zeta function.
Deforestation – a call for consistent carbon accounting
Authors: Wedderburn-Bisshop Gerard
Published: August 2024

Carbon accounting conventions treat emissions differently depending on their source. Fossil fuel carbon emissions are assessed as gross, whereas anthropogenic land carbon emissions are assessed as net. Despite calls for consistent gross accounting, accounting guidelines remain unchanged. Here we consolidate arguments for consistent accounting and explore implications for national inventories, sector contributions, carbon markets and programs aimed at reducing deforestation and supporting forest protection.
Associations of Common Mental Disorders with Personality Traits Over a 17-Year Period
Authors: Zhang Ye , Luciano Michelle , Vainik Uku , Mõttus René
Published: August 2024

Changes in personality traits are not unusual, and common mental disorders (CMDs), such as anxiety, depression, and alcohol use disorder, may play a role. In a large population sample of 55,056 individuals, we examined the associations of CMDs recorded in a national registry over 17 years with self- and informant-rated Big Five personality traits. Besides comparing diagnosed and undiagnosed individuals, we considered the number and timing of the CMD records. Those diagnosed with a CMD during the 17-year period differed from undiagnosed individuals by about 0.50 SDs higher neuroticism and slightly higher openness. For neuroticism, the difference from undiagnosed individuals was greater for those with more recent and more numerous diagnoses, whereas for openness, the association did not depend on the number or timing of diagnoses. These findings are consistent with increased neuroticism in response to mental health issues, which may take more than a decade to gradually return to the baseline, and with less open people being less likely to seek help for mental health issues. We also found evidence consistent with temporary decreases in extraversion and conscientiousness in response to depressive disorder. The findings were consistent across self- and informant-ratings, suggesting they were not assessment artefacts. This study, the largest to date, suggests that some personality trait changes in response to mental disorders may persist for at least a decade, much longer than previously thought.
Task difficulty promotes tactical learning but supresses the positive learning effects of autonomy and cognitive effort
Authors: Bright Dave , Smith Jenny , Kearney Philip , Runswick Oliver
Published: August 2024

Learning conditions that provide task-relevant autonomy, and those that encourage cognitive effort through manipulations of difficulty, have been reported to enhance skill development. However, research is yet to directly compare these two manipulations to establish their relative contribution to enhancing motor learning. This study used an on-screen target interception task to compare an autonomous group (self-selection of racquet size), a Challenge Point group (performance-contingent racquet size), a yoked group, and a fixed racquet size control group. Task accuracy and self-report measures of intrinsic motivation and cognitive effort were recorded at multiple time points across acquisition and at immediate, 24-hour, seven-day, and 30-day retention and transfer tests. Results showed that task accuracy improved over acquisition, and remained robust across all retention tests, but no between group differences were seen. Intrinsic motivation levels decreased over acquisition, but with no between group differences observed. Participants within all groups reported consistently high cognitive effort scores, and made tactical learning choices, suggesting that high task difficulty may have suppressed the more subtle effects of autonomy and performance contingent practice. Conclusions are made regarding the variability of individual approaches to a novel task and the need to build experiments that can detect these idiosyncrasies.
Do Benevolent Rulers Impose Economic Reforms?
Authors: Riggsby Andrew
Published: August 2024

Several recent arguments have claimed that various features of Roman law (unavailability of an executory contract of barter; regimes of protection against latent defects and for land title; rules for generic sale) take the shapes they do so as to produce a variety of economic efficiencies. This paper offers two critiques of these accounts. (1) They lack an adequate account of the bounded rationality and motivations of the law-makers. (2) In many cases they misstate the legal rules in question in ways that exaggerate the resulting efficiencies.
Electing for stability: Democracy and output volatility, 1960-2019
Authors: Millemaci Emanuele , Monteforte Fabio , Temple Jonathan R. W.
Published: August 2024

This paper examines the relationship between output volatility and democracy, decade by decade after 1960. Using a range of approaches to identification, we find that democracy lowers volatility.
CASMIN versus ISCED: Validating standard education variables for German microdata
Authors: Schneider Silke Lena , Palm Lennart , Partsch Melanie Viola
Published: August 2024

In German surveys, educational attainment is measured with two questionnaire items, the first referring to the highest general school-leaving qualification, and the second referring to the highest vocational qualification or higher education degree obtained. For analysis, information from both items is usually combined into one variable. There is currently no standard way for doing so, hindering comparisons across studies and the aggregation of research data across data sources. This paper presents the results of a large-scale validation of several candidates for a German standard education variable. The candidates are based on the official International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) and the academic CASMIN education coding scheme originating in comparative social stratification research, which are both commonly used in Germany even in non-comparative research. The validation uses ALLBUS 2018 data and a data-driven selection of 157 linear validation (dependent) variables. Candidate standard education variables that retain a higher relative explanatory power across validation variables than the most detailed education variable in linear multiple regression models are regarded as more valid than candidates showing larger losses of explanatory power. Results clearly point to the superiority of CASMIN compared to ISCED when predicting a wide range of outcomes. Only for a few dependent variables, ISCED performs better, and only if it is measured in a more detailed fashion than the official way by accounting for specificities of the German educational system. Most survey data sets, however, only offer a derived ISCED variable reflecting main levels. The commonly used aggregation into three broad education levels loses, on average, half the explanatory power of the detailed benchmark, irrespective of whether it is derived from ISCED or CASMIN. Thus, studies controlling for education with just three categories may risk non-measured education effects to bias effects of other variables in the model.
Digital tests may be missing an opportunity to support student success: Exploring the effect of feedback during digital testing on student self-assessment and test anxiety management
Authors: Patterson Tara , ROMERO Margarida
Published: August 2024

While feedback is widely regarded as a necessary component of student success, most digital assessments only provide feedback to students after they've completed the test, not during the test itself—despite gathering massive amounts of real-time data on that student's performance. This study evaluates the effect of receiving feedback during a digital test on a student's ability to self-assess and manage any present test anxiety. All participants took a digital test using questions from the SAT Educator Question Bank. The test was divided into two sections, with both sections containing questions that were functionally identical in content, length, and difficulty. Before completing both sections, participants were asked to predict how many questions they would answer correctly. After completing the first section, participants in the control group did not receive feedback, while participants in the experimental group were provided with feedback resulting from an appreciative inquiry model. Results showed a correlation between receiving feedback and feeling more confident in the second section of the test, as well as a correlation between not receiving feedback and a decline in self-efficacy.
Analisis Keterkaitan Antara Investasi Modal Dan Profitabilitas Dengan Penyimpanan Kas Perusahaan
Authors: Akbar Fajar Syaiful , Camelia Rizky , Rahmawan Faris , Imami Prima Rizki
Published: August 2024

Perekonomian merupakan faktor penting bagi pembangunansebuah negara. Namun pada tahun 2022 penyimpanan kas yang dimiliki oleh perusahaan turun semenjak terjadinyaCovid 19. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan guna menganalisisinvestasi modal dan profitabilitas terhadap penyimpanan kas perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatankuantitatif. Populasi penelitian yakni seluruh perusahaansektor property dan real estate yang tercatat dalam BEI tahun2020 – 2022. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakanmetode purposive sampling, dengan kriteria yang telahditentukan diperoleh sampel sebanyak 34 perusahaan. Data yang dipakai adalah data sekunder yakni laporan keuanganperusahan yang menjadi sampel. Data dianalisa denganmenggunakan teknik analisis regresi linier berganda denganbantuan software SPSS 23. Hasil penelitian ini adalahinvestasi modal dan profitabilitas berpengaruh signifikanterhadap penyimpanan kas perusahaan.
Kata kunci: Investasi Modal, Profitabilitas, Penyimpanan Kas
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Transfer Pricing Pada Perusahaan Sektor Consumer Non-Cyclicals Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2019-2022
Authors: Peng wi  , Sulistiyowati Rina , Trida
Published: August 2024

Transfer pricing merupakan suatu harga atas transfer barang atau jasa dengan nama dan dalam bentuk apapapun antar perusahaan yang mempunyai hubungan istimewa baik didalam negri ataupun luar negri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji apakah  firm size, leverage, dan profitability, mempunya pengaruh terhadap transfer pricing. Metode sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah metode purposive sampling berdasarkan kriteria yang telah ditentukan, terdapat 20 perusahaan perusahaan yang cocok dengan kriteria sampel penelitian. Dari jumlah sampel 20 perusahaan selama 4  tahun berturut-turut diperoleh total sampel sebanyak 80 sampel. Data penelitian ini menggunakan SPSS versi 25 dengan uji analisis regresi linear berganda, uji t dan uji f. Hasil penelitian secara parsial menunjukan bahwa variabel firm size, dan leverage, berpengaruh terhadap transfer pricing, sedangkan profitability tidak berpengaruh terhadap transfer pricing, dan firm size, leverage, dan profitability secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap transfer pricing.