bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Piecemeal Resection for Large Colorectal Adenomas Remains Essential in 2022: A Single-Center Experience in a Tertiary French Center
Authors: Ratone Jean-Philippe , Archimbaud Clément , Solovyev Alexey , Zemmour Christophe , Pesenti Christian , Hoibian Solène , Dahel Yanis , Marx Mariola , De Chaisemartin Cécile , Chanez Brice , Meillat Hélène , Lelong Bernard , Poizat Flora , Caillol Fabrice , Giovannini Marc
Published: September 2023

Background and Aims: Colorectal lesions measuring greater than 20 mm are unsuitable for en bloc endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR): piecemeal EMR (PM-EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) are needed. The European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) recommends ESD only for microinfiltrative lesions, although Japanese teams perform en bloc ESD for all lesions. We report the outcomes obtained in our endoscopy unit for these lesions and assess the hybrid “knife-assisted piecemeal EMR” (KAPM-EMR) technique. The main aim was to assess the short-term outcomes (C1). The secondary objectives were to evaluate the long-term results (C2), adverse event rate and management of recurrence.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from patients treated by PM-EMR, KAPM-EMR and ESD for a colorectal lesion measuring greater than 20 millimeters using prospective inclusion over four years.

Results: Data from 167 patients (median age: 70) with a median follow-up of 15.1 months were analyzed after excluding 95 patients. A total of 131 lesions were removed by PM-EMR, 24 by KAPM-EMR and 12 by ESD; 146/167 (87.4%) patients were considered in remission at C1. Recurrence was treated by endoscopy in 20/21 patients (95%); 86/89 (96.6%) were in remission at C2. A total of 16/167 patients developed adverse events, all of whom except one were endoscopically managed. KAPM-EMR was associated with a higher perforation risk (p=0.037). No differences in postoperative bleeding were found among the three groups (p=0.576).

Conclusions: Piecemeal resection remains an effective and safe technique for large colorectal adenomas. KAPM-EMR may be useful but should be applied with caution due to the risk of perforation.
Efficacy of Sacral Nerve Stimulation in Non-constipated Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients: A Systematic Review
Authors: Garcia-Cabrera Ana Maria , De la Portilla Fernando , Jiménez-Rodríguez Rosa María , Vázquez –Monchul Jorge Manuel , Reyes- Díaz María Luisa , Ramallo -Solís Irene María , Pintor-Tortolero José , Dios-Barbeito Sandra , Padillo- Ruiz Francisco Javier
Published: September 2023

Background and Aims: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent disorder with a complex and heterogeneous physiopathology, including a dysregulation of gut-brain axis. Treatment for IBS is targeted to the predominant symptom and requires a multidisciplinary approach. This review aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sacral nerve stimulation in non-constipated IBS patients

Methods: A literature search was carried out on MEDLINE, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and Web of Science databases for all relevant articles. Quality of included papers was assessed using standardized guidelines

Results: Of 129 initial citations, 7 articles met our predefined inclusion criteria, including five randomized trials, a pilot study and a descriptive follow-up study. Five of 7 studies reported a positive effect of sacral nerve stimulation on symptoms and quality of life improvement in non-constipated IBS patients. No study reported serious adverse events.

Conclusions: Despite initial promising results of sacral nerve stimulation in non-constipated IBS patients, studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up are required.
Rotational Thromboelastometry Coagulation Parameters (ROTEM®) May be Discriminative for Active Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Meianu Corina , Andrei Stefan , Diculescu Mircea , Longrois Dan , Guinot Pierre Gregoire , Droc Gabriela
Published: September 2023

Background and Aims: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with increased risk of thromboembolic events. The rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM®) is a validated integrative assessment of coagulation, but it has never been studied in IBD patients.

Methods: We performed a monocentric prospective observational study in a national tertiary center. Adult IBD patients underwent ROTEM® analysis on admission to our IBD Department. Parameters evaluated with ROTEM® tests (INTEM, EXTEM and FIBTEM) were clotting time (CT), the time of clot formation (CFT), clot firmness amplitude after 5 and 10 minutes (A5 and A10) and maximum clot firmness (MCF). ROC curves were performed in order to evaluate the ability of ROTEM® to predict active IBD.

Results: Several ROTEM® parameters were significantly associated with active IBD compared to patients in remission, towards a hypercoagulable status for patients with active disease: CT, CFT, A5, A10, MCF. ROC analysis demonstrated that parameters related to clot robustness showed a very good prediction ability of active IBD (AUC >0.8): A5, A10, MCF in INTEM (p<0.001), in EXTEM (p<0.001) and MCF in FIBTEM (p<0.001). ROTEM® parameters showed high correlations with inflammation markers as C-reactive protein (CRP) and faecal calprotectin (FC).

Conclusions: Our study showed that ROTEM® parameters are modified in patients with active IBD, being correlating with inflammation markers and demonstrating a high prediction ability of active IBD. Future research is needed to validate ROTEM® as a method to discriminate patterns of active IBD and to guide anticoagulant therapy in patients with active IBD.
Problems of legal regulation of the use of artificial intelligence technologies in court procedures within the framework of the ukraine-eu action plan
Authors:   State Organization «Valentyn Mamutov Institute of Economic and Legal Research of the  National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine», Ukraine, O Chernykh
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to the study of discussion issues of scientific developments in the field of legal support of the implementation of the technology of "artificial intelligence" in the judicial procedures of Ukraine on the basis of international experience and taking into account the latest changes in the legislation of Ukraine. The article deals with the main international legal principles of artificial intelligence application, their practical implementation in Ukraine, the problems of defining the main institutional categories, separating the technical aspects of the functioning of “artificial intelligence” from the legal ones and trying to determine the key factors that the legislator should consider in the development of legislation in the field of implementation of “artificial intelligence” in legal proceedings. The legal analysis of five principles of artificial intelligence functioning in legal proceedings is carried out, the development of four forms of interaction between artificial intelligence and human in legal proceedings is presented, the risks of artificial intelligence application in democratic societies are analysed. Separately, the article analyses the controversial introduction of the category of “electronic person (personality)”, expressed a position on the inadmissibility of granting the legal personality of artificial intelligence technology
[Traducción al español] Un novedoso enfoque de validación añade sólidas razones para no utilizar la altura del salto vertical como predictor de la potencia de piernas
Authors: Aragón-Vargas Luis Fernando , González-Lutz María Isabel
Published: September 2023

La altura del salto se sigue usando ampliamente para predecir la potencia en seres humanos. El progreso individual, a menudo, se monitorea usando una estimación de la potencia, pero las ecuaciones de predicción se basan en datos grupales. El estudio pretende demostrar que la altura del salto vertical (VJP) y la potencia mecánica tienen una pobre correlación, particularmente en un mismo individuo. Se presentan dos experimentos; primero, 52 estudiantes universitarios físicamente activos ejecutaron cinco saltos verticales máximos cada uno; segundo, tres participantes masculinos ejecutaron 50 saltos máximos cada uno. Los participantes descansaron 1 minuto entre saltos. VJP se calculó a partir de los datos cinemáticos como posición más alta del centro de masa corporal (BCOM) menos BCOM de pie; la potencia pico (PEAKPWR) se calculó a partir de la fuerza vertical de reacción registrada por una plataforma de fuerza y la potencia promedio (MEANPWR) durante la propulsión a partir del cambio en la energía potencial del BCOM. Se realizaron análisis de regresión usando puntajes estandarizados de VJP como la variable predictora y puntajes estandarizados de potencia como las variables resultantes,  con la expectativa de obtener una función de identidad y = x (intercepto = 0, pendiente = 1) y R2 = 1. En el experimento 1, el modelo para zPEAKPWR arrojó R2 = 0.9707 (p <.0001) pero la pendiente (0.3452) ≠ 1 (p = 8.7x10-15). El modelo para zMEANPWR dio R2 = 0.9239 (p < .0001); sin embargo, la pendiente (0.4257) ≠ 1 (p = 1.15x10-5). En el experimento 2, todos los modelos individuales para zPEAKPWR y zMEANPWR arrojaron asociaciones débiles (R2 ≤ 0.21) y pendientes ≠ 1 (p ≤ .001). En conclusión, el análisis de regresión para individuos y aún para grupos confirma que la altura de salto vertical es un pobre predictor de la potencia mecánica.
Metallic glasses
Authors: Greer A. Lindsay , Costa Miguel B. , Houghton Owain S.
Published: September 2023

Over the last 50 years, there have been remarkable advances in the field of metallic glasses: the range of compositions, techniques for production and shaping, sample sizes, and uncovering of property combinations offering unparalleled performance. Research continues to reveal fundamental insights relevant for the structure and properties of glasses and liquids generally. This article focuses on the latest advances in understanding and on the rapidly widening prospects for applications beyond those already established.

Graphical abstract
Wafer-scale epitaxy of transition-metal dichalcogenides with continuous single-crystallinity and engineered defect density
Authors: Hakami Mariam , Tseng Chien-Chih , Nanjo Kohei , Tung Vincent , Fu Jui-Han
Published: September 2023

Research on electronic channel materials has traditionally focused on bulk and nanocrystals, nanowires, and nanotubes. However, the recent surge of interest in two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) has emerged as a game-changer in this field. The atomically thin structure of 2D TMDs offers unique electronic and optical properties, which have been shown to have significant potential in various applications, such as optoelectronics, energy harvesting, and spintronics. Epitaxy growth of single-crystal 2D TMDs on oxide or metallic substrates has opened up new opportunities for direct integration into existing manufacturing pathways. In this article, we discuss recent advances in achieving continuous single-crystallinity of 2D TMDs on oxide and metallic substrates by controlling the nucleation and growth rate of crystalline domains. We also review strategies for the controlled introduction of defects through postgrowth processing and substrate engineering. Finally, we highlight emerging strategies, new opportunities, and remaining challenges for bridging the gap between lab innovations and commercialization. The ability to grow high-quality 2D TMDs on scalable and industry-compatible substrates represents a significant breakthrough in the field of electronic materials and has the potential to revolutionize the semiconductor industry. Despite the remaining challenges, the future of 2D TMDs looks promising. Their integration into existing manufacturing pathways could open up new avenues for advanced electronic devices with improved performance and reduced power consumption.

Graphical abstract
The effect of C on the mechanical behavior of a low-density high-Mn steel
Authors: Otani Lucas Barcelos , Vidilli André L. , Zepon Guilherme , Coury Francisco G. , Botta Walter J. , Uhlenwinkel Volker , Bolfarini Claudemiro
Published: September 2023

Low-density steels (FeMnAlC) with an austenitic microstructure were the subject of intense research due to their outstanding combination of high strength and ductility. However, there is no systematic study on the effect of C in a high-Mn low-density steel maintaining the stacking fault energy (SFE) focused on the operating deformation mechanisms, particularly involving in situ synchrotron analysis. This study aims to evaluate the influence of C on the mechanical behavior of austenitic alloys while maintaining the grain size and the SFE. The results indicate that C plays a key role on the mechanical behavior of these alloys and its presence increases not only the strength but also the ductility. The in situ synchrotron analysis showed that decreasing the test temperature has a similar effect of the C, in which both are associated with lower levels of dislocation mobility and higher amounts of mechanical twins (TWIP effect).

Graphical abstract
A MODEL OF REFLECTIONS OF PULSED RADIO SIGNALS FROM THE EARTH'S SURFACE AND ITS PRACTICAL USE IN ASSESSING THE ACCURACY OF AMPLITUDE DIRECTION FINDERS
Authors: Kuprits Vladimir , Mescheryakov Alexander A. , Gulko Vladimir , Weber Vladislav
Published: September 2023

The description of a mathematical model of reflections of pulse radio signals from the underlying Earth's surface and results of its practical use for estimation of accuracy of amplitude direction finders with horn antennas and antenna arrays of Vivaldi elements are presented. It is shown that the use of the proposed multipoint model of reflections from the ground surface allows an analysis of distortions
of received pulse signals and estimation of errors of direction finding of radio emission sources by a
monopulse amplitude direction finder on surface traces of radio wave propagation of different lengths.
The effects of nozzle diameter and length on the resulting strand properties for shotcrete 3D printing
Authors: David Martin , Freund Niklas , Dröder Klaus , Lowke Dirk
Published: September 2023

Additive manufacturing in construction (AMC) enables new design methods and strategies within the construction industry. In particular, Shotcrete 3D Printing (SC3DP) offers a high degree of design freedom by enabling the deposition of concrete at variable layer orientation based on a wet-mix shotcrete process. However, the mechanical properties and geometry of the printed layers are dependent on the material and process parameters used. In this context, the effects of air and concrete flow rates, path planning parameters, and material parameters have been investigated in previous research. The presented study investigates the influence of the nozzle geometry on the resulting strand properties, e.g. strand geometry, layer bond strength, and compressive strength, to evaluate nozzle diameter and length as control parameters for the SC3DP process. Experimental investigations were performed with fixed nozzle diameters between 10 and 30 mm and nozzle lengths ranging from 100 to 200 mm. The results show a significant influence of the nozzle diameter on the resulting strand geometry as well as the mechanical properties. Finally, concepts for a nozzle with a controllable outlet diameter were developed and evaluated.
Initial Management and Potential Opportunities to Deprescribe Dialysis among Patients with AKI-D Patients after Hospital Discharge
Authors: McCoy Ian E. , Weinhandl Eric , Hussein Wael , Hsu Chi-yuan
Published: September 2023

Significance Statement

Dialysis-requiring AKI (AKI-D) now accounts for more than 15% of outpatient hemodialysis initiations; over 30% of these patients with AKI-D may have potential to recover. However, little is known about strategies currently used to treat outpatient AKI-D and screen for recovery. In this study of 1754 patients with AKI-D, we found that (1) the initial dialysis orders were similar to those of patients with contemporary incident ESKD, despite different treatment goals; (2) timed urine collections were completed in only a minority of patients; and (3) most patients with AKI-D who recovered discontinued dialysis without ever having been weaned from their initial dialysis prescription, suggesting there may be substantial opportunity to wean dialysis sooner.
One-pot hydrothermal green synthetic approach of fluorescent carbon dots as optical probes for 2-nitrophenol
Authors: Dinake Pogisego , Phokedi Norma , Keetile Mbhatshi M. , Botlhomilwe Mmamiki A. , Tlhako Mogomotsi , Present Bokang , Mokgadi Janes , Kelebemang Rosemary
Published: September 2023

The pursuit of a cost-effective and green synthetic approach to chemical sensors and their application in the sensing of toxic and harmful substances is a never-ending exercise for scientists and researchers. Preparation of fluorescent carbon dots (C-dots) from biomass using water as a solvent and a hydrothermal autoclave to provide the required synthesis temperature offers a cheap and environmentally friendly synthetic approach. Herein, we report a faster, less costly and ecofriendly hydrothermal synthetic approach of carbon dots from Citrullus vulgaris peels as a precursor. The as-prepared carbon dots exhibited hydroxyl, carbonyl and amide functional groups on the surface and an amorphous structure with a particle size distribution of 1.7–3.0 nm. Moreover, the carbon dots displayed intense blue emission fluorescence at 470 nm after excitation at 400 nm. The as-prepared carbon dots demonstrated effective application without further modification towards the selective and sensitive optical recognition of 2-nitrophenol used in the manufacture of explosives. A limit of detection of 2.28×10−7 M was achieved, and no fluorescence quenching was observed in the presence of other nitroaromatic and benzene derivatives indicating excellent selectivity towards 2-nitrophenol. Finally, further studies are required to investigate the potential for the as-prepared carbon dots to monitor nitroaromatic pollutants in real environmental systems.
DNA Isolation v1
Authors: iGEM NUS
Published: September 2023

2023 NUS-Singapore iGEM team followed this protocol to isolate the DNA fragments from the agarose gel after the gel electrophoresis.
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology v1
Authors: not provided liweiwei
Published: September 2023

This protocol contains instructions on how to conduct molecular biology experiments, including transfection and reporter assays, RNA extraction and qPCR, coimmunoprecipitation and immunoblot analysis, viral plaque assays, silver staining and mass spectrometry analyses, recombinant protein purification and in vitro GST pull‐down assays, in vitro tyrosine phosphorylation assays, CRISPR/Cas9 knockout, confocal microscopy, native PAGE, and preparation of cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins. How to isolate primary murine pDCs. How to evaluate the oncolytic effect of SVA using a xenograft tumor model.
PCR Clean-up v1
Authors: iGEM NUS
Published: September 2023

2023 NUS-Singapore iGEM team followed this protocol to isolate the known DNA fragments from the PCR product without running the gel electrophoresis.
Conventional methods for isolation and Identification of Streptococcus pyogenes v1
Authors: not provided melissa.kalladeen
Published: September 2023

The protocol outlines the steps for isolating and identifying Group A streptococci (Streptococcus pyogenes) from growth on primary culture media.
Flood Early Warning System Prototype Based on Ultrasonic Sensor and Internet of Things
Authors: Susila Muhammad Thoriq Arkaan , Firdaus Ilham Nadiyansyah , Chuzairi Muhammad Farid , Rahmawati Dien
Published: September 2023

Floods that come all of a sudden cause many people to be unable to prepare themselves to deal with it, so material losses to health problems cannot be avoided. Therefore, a system is needed to provide early warning to the public before a flood occurs. As technology develops, water levels in an area can be monitored to anticipate flooding using the Internet of Things (IoT). IoT can help to monitor and warn of floods in real-time and continuously. In this research, the system will be placed in areas that often cause flooding. Monitoring results from sensor readings will be stored in the cloud database. The water level category is divided into 4 levels, namely “Safe”, “Standby”, “Careful”, and “Danger”. The system uses IoT and a database to send water level status to users as notifications on applications. The buzzer will sound as a warning sign when the water level enters the “Danger” status. The system test results show that the sensor has a very good level of accuracy with an error percentage of 0.242131%, and IoT connectivity can reach a distance of up to 20 meters.
Places and Spaces Without News: The Contested Phenomenon of News Deserts
Authors: Gulyas Agnes , Jenkins Joy , Bergström Annika
Published: September 2023

News deserts have gained prominence both in academic literature and policy discussions about local news in recent years. Although there is no agreed definition of the term, it usually refers to the lack of or diminishing availability, access, or use of local news or media in a community. It is seen as a significant phenomenon that highlights inequalities in local news provisions, challenges of local media operations in the digital environment, and issues around the quality of local journalism and the critical information needs of communities. This thematic issue aims to contribute to the field by bringing together different approaches to the topic, considering varied empirical studies and methodological designs, and providing perspectives from countries around the world with different media systems and cultures. The articles in the thematic issue address three broad issues: approaches to studying news deserts, local news production and news deserts, and the impact of news deserts on communities. Overall, the contributions reveal that the presence of a news desert is not a simple question of a locality having or not having a local media outlet. The concept is better understood as processes affecting access and quality of local news involving places, news media outlets and production, communities, and audiences. We end the editorial highlighting areas for further research, including the need for more holistic, conceptual, and comparative work on the topic.
Genetics and the Formation of Criminal Behavior of an Individual
Authors: Koval V. N.
Published: September 2023

Contemporary research aimed at identifying the causes of criminal behaviour has long gone beyond the traditional scientific ideas about the social nature of crime. The number of scientific papers is multiplying; the authors return to the ideas of Lombrosianism and justify the commission of a crime by various genetic reasons of predisposition to committing a crime. Even judicial practice is close to using the achievements of modern science as evidence in a criminal case.

Judicial statistics indicate a slight decrease in the number of violent crimes committed annually. However, their share in the total number of crimes remains significant. The specific nature of some violent crimes through the prism of the criminal’s personality makes one think about the nature of the criminal intent and the causes of criminal behaviour.

The variety of academic studies determines the need to identify conceptual provisions based on which it is possible to draw conclusions about the causes of criminal behaviour and to develop directions for countering crime. One of these areas include genetic research associating the commission of crimes with a specific «crime gene» or recognition of the genetic predisposition of some individuals to committing crimes. Such theories, of course, are not indisputable and they cannot be unequivocally accepted as the ultimate truth; however, the analysis of judicial practice, including the author’s own experience, allows us to conclude that it is necessary to continue scientific research in this direction.
Vehicle Seizure for the Purpose of its Confiscation as a Measure to Enforce Criminal Proceedings in Russia
Authors: Safronov A. Yu.
Published: September 2023

The paper analyses the seizure of property as one of the basic institutions of ensuring criminal justice in Russia. The author provides the most recent practice of district (city) courts, as well as courts of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, based on the legal standing of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation in compliance with the new paragraph «d« of Part 1 of Article 104.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation regulating confiscation of a vehicle used in the commission of crimes stated in Articles 264.1, 264.2 or 264.3 of the Criminal Code. The statutory provisions under discussion have been included into the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation recently. The paper determines the key features of judicial practice concerning the issues of enforcement (in the form of seizure) and confiscation, although not directly specified in the law, but significantly affecting the court’s decision concerning application of the norms in question. The author proves strong influence of the civil law rules on the solution of the issues under consideration in criminal proceedings. In particular, the author refers to the appeal decision of the court of the constituent entity that refers to the definition given by the Judicial Board for Civil Cases of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation.

Using cases, the author justifies the necessity of the following additions: Paragraph 7.1 supplementing Part 1 of Article 73 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation obliging the prosecution to collect evidence to resolve the issue of seizure of any property subject to confiscation; amendments to paragraph 8 of the Resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation No. 17 of 14.06.2018, regulating the seizure by the court; dissemination of all the above (analysed) norms and provisions on the situation with the commission of crimes provided for in Parts 2‑6 of Article 264 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (the addition of the specified elements of crimes in paragraph «d« of Part 1 of Article 104.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation); legislative obligation of state registration of transactions with vehicles (their purchase and sale, barter, donation, etc.) with their introduction into the unified state register (by analogy with the USRT) of the information about their owners (with the creation of such a register).
The Logical Foundations of the Legal Rhetoric Laws
Authors: Malyukova O. V.
Published: September 2023

Any science creates the laws of the studied field of knowledge. The relevant laws were created by mathematics, logic, and jurisprudence. Rhetoric is one of the ancient fields of knowledge, which acquired scientific status simultaneously with mathematics and earlier than logic and jurisprudence. The main object of rhetorical practices, in addition to political activity, has always been legal activity, in particular legal proceedings. It was judicial eloquence that made the name of rhetoric. Eloquence developed both in theory and in practice. For many centuries, rhetoric has been the leading science in the educational sphere and in the field of jurisprudence. It was impossible to become a lawyer without studying rhetoric. Due to the development of specific sciences, interest in rhetoric was lost for a long time; the previously revered discipline acquired a reputation as outdated, suitable only for misleading listeners. However, in the second half of the 20th century under the influence of radical economic and political transformations in the life of society, new requirements for speech practice were put forward. A new informational view of the world required a new ability of judgment, which became neoritoric. Neoritoric, like any science, needs its own laws, which are presented in this paper. The laws of rhetoric that apply in all spheres of its use, including in jurisprudence, are the law of the correlation of word and deed, the law of adequate description, the law of complete and finalized narration and the law of argumentative speech in natural language. All the listed laws may be violated and are violated by the user. A complete description and a complete narrative is not always possible, argumentative speech is often replaced by sophisms and paralogisms. However, similar shortcomings are inherent in other sets of laws. The proposed construction of laws is a model of the functioning and further development of rhetoric, the role of which is great in the modern world.
Florentino González y la cuestión federal en la Nueva Granada (1827-1858)
Authors: Cruz Rodríguez Edwin
Published: September 2023

Este artículo estudia los argumentos sobre el federalismo defendidos por Florentino González entre 1827 y 1858. Inicialmente, el constitucionalista colombiano aceptó las premisas de la ciencia de la legislación, de acuerdo con las cuales la eficacia de las leyes depende de su conformidad con las características físicas y morales del pueblo que las recibe. Consideró que el pueblo neogranadino carecía de las características necesarias para adoptar el federalismo y, en consecuencia, recomendó una descentralización gradual. Sin embargo, en 1852-1853 refutó tales premisas, argumentando que la eficacia de las leyes es intrínseca y depende de su conformidad con la libertad individual y la soberanía popular, lo cual le permitió formular proyectos de constitución federal, tomando distancia de Tocqueville y del ejemplo estadounidense.
Fecha de envío / Submission date: 3/07/2022Fecha de aceptación / Acceptance date: 20/09/2022
Joaquín Varela: Profesor, maestro, amigo. Una evocación personal
Authors: Pérez Alonso Jorge
Published: September 2023

Tras una larga lucha contra la enfermedad, Joaquín Varela falleció el 1 de febrero de 2018. Toda su carrera profesional estuvo dedicada a la historia constitucional. Transcurridos cinco años desde su fallecimiento, este artículo muestra la importancia de Varela como profesor, maestro y amigo del autor, así como sus contribuciones al campo de la historia constitucional.
Fecha de envío / Submission date: 1/02/2023
Fecha de aceptación / Acceptance date: 12/03/2023
La historia parlamentaria a través de sus presidentes (1810-2019)
Authors: Belaustegi Unai
Published: September 2023

En este trabajo proponemos una reseña del último libro que ha publicado el profesor Mikel Urquijo (UPV/EHU). Urquijo analiza la historia de la presidencia del parlamento español durante la época contemporánea, desde las Cortes de Cádiz (1810) hasta la actualidad (2019). Es un libro muy interesante que engloba la historia de una figura clave en el desarrollo parlamentario con el proceso democratizador que ha vivido España durante los últimos dos siglos. 
Enviado el (Submission Date): 01/12/2022Aceptado el (Acceptance Date): 8/02/2023
La mujer en tiempos del código penal de 1822
Authors: García Trobat Pilar
Published: September 2023

Durante la revolución liberal, el derecho y la política frenaron cualquier tipo de aspiración femenina por mejorar su condición jurídica. Despojada de la ciudadanía por conveniencia del hombre, sometida al varón en la familia e instruida para las tareas del hogar, el derecho penal vino a constatar esta situación, aunque de forma contradictoria. Al desarrollar los supuestos que podían entrañar delitos o faltas, o las penas correspondientes, a veces se atuvo a que sus aptitudes físicas y mentales eran inferiores al hombre y en otras, sin embargo, prevaleció la protección de honra del cabeza de familia por encima de cualquier otra consideración.
Enviado el (Submission Date): 18/04/2023Aceptado el (Acceptance Date): 7/05/2023
Nodal and Broadband Seismometer Complement to the Imperial Valley Dark Fiber DAS Array
Authors: Nayak Avinash , Rodríguez Tribaldos Verónica , Ajo-Franklin Jonathan , Miranda Brianna , Chien Chih-Chieh , Mellors Robert , Robertson Michelle , Brandin Matthew , Rekoske John , Wood Todd , Dobson Patrick , Cladouhos Trenton , Madera Nicholas , Shmagin Eitan , Duran Emily , Duran Suzie ,   The Imperial Valley Dark Fiber Team
Published: September 2023

Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) technology provides the capability to efficiently acquire dense and continuous seismic data on preexisting, unused fiber-optic cables buried in the ground (dark fiber) that were originally deployed for telecommunication. However, these fiber installations typically use existing “right-of-way corridors” along roadways and railway tracks, leading to piecewise linear or quasi-linear seismic receiver geometries, thereby reducing their utility in seismic studies over a broad areal extent. Short-term and dense arrays of seismometers can be deployed to complement dark fiber DAS arrays, leading to improved seismic receiver coverage over a broader area in the vicinity of the DAS array. This study describes the deployment strategies and procedures, data, and metadata of a contemporaneous and complementary network of three temporary broadband seismic stations and 69 nodal seismometers operated in the vicinity of a 27 km long segment of dark fiber DAS array in the Imperial Valley, Southern California. The study area is a sedimentary basin characterized by intense seismicity and faulting in a transtensional tectonic regime, and hosts multiple producing geothermal fields. The broadband stations used direct-burial sensors with a corner period of 120 s and operated continuously for a year from September 2021 to September 2022. The 5 Hz three-component nodal seismometers acquired continuous data for a month approximately from February to March 2022 over a ∼37 km × ∼24 km area, with an average interstation spacing of ∼3 km. Both the broadband and the nodal stations recorded a wealth of ambient seismic noise and high-quality local earthquake data that can be used in a variety of seismological analyses, including local earthquake detection and location, and body-wave and surface-wave tomography.
Vergi Sistemlerinde Cinsiyet Eşitsizliklerinin Giderilmesine Yönelik Reform Önerileri
Authors: ÇELİKKAYA Ali
Published: September 2023

Gelir vergisi, vergilemede cinsiyete dayalı eşitsizliklerin temel kaynağını oluşturmaktadır. Ancak bu çalışmanın amacı ilaveten; tüketim harcamalarında, mülk ediniminde ve kullanım ücretlerinin tahsilindeki cinsiyete dayalı eşitsizlikleri de araştırmaktır. Çalışmada ülkelerin birincil mevzuatlarına ve kaynak taramasına dayalı bir yöntem kullanılmıştır. Ulaşılan sonuçlara göre, gelir vergisinde cinsiyete dayalı eşitsizliklerin giderilmesi için tamamen bireysel esaslı vergileme tercih edilmelidir. Ayrıca çocuk bakım masrafları için cömert indirimler sağlanmalıdır. Tüketim kalıplarındaki farklılıklardan kaynaklanan eşitsizlikleri gidermek için pembe vergiler kaldırılmalıdır. Ayrıca kadınların bu mallara erişimini kolaylaştırmak için amaçlı sübvansiyonlar yapılmalıdır. Arazi ve diğer mülklerin edinimindeki cinsiyet farklılığını azaltmak için kadınların mülk ediniminde vergi kolaylığı sağlanmalıdır. Başta eğitim ve sağlık olmak üzere kamu hizmetine erişimdeki eşitsizlikleri gidermek için özellikle de kadınların bu hizmetlerden ücretsiz ya da düşük kullanım ücreti karşılığında yararlanması sağlanmalıdır. Vergilemede cinsiyete dayalı bu tür eşitsizliklerin giderilmesi temel bir insan hakkı olmanın yanında aynı zamanda refaha dayalı bir ekonomik büyüme için de son derece önemlidir
Retirada del franquismo, en las calles riojanas
Authors: Ranz Alonso Eduardo
Published: September 2023

En junio de 2015, la asociación la Barranca, a través de una unión ejemplar, inició un proceso legal de eliminación de 17 calles franquistas de la ciudad de Logroño. El procedimiento se judicializó contra el Ayuntamiento de la ciudad, como titular obligado a la redefinición del callejero, conforme a lo establecido en la conocida como Ley de Memoria Histórica. Aquel proceso de dos años de duración supuso, además de una reparación a las víctimas del franquismo, un ejercicio de dignidad democrática, conforme al cumplimiento de una ley humanitaria.
Inteligencia Artificial y abogacía
Authors: Capellán Ugalde Sergio
Published: September 2023

El creciente uso de software basado en sistemas de Inteligencia Artificial en la sociedad ha supuesto un cambio de paradigma interpretativo respecto de la finalidad última de este tipo de sistemas, pasando de ser comprendidos como herramientas a, en algunos casos fines en si mismos. El sector legal, y concretamente el ejercicio de la abogacía, no es extraño a estos avances tecnológicos viendo cómo, cada vez con más frecuencia, funciones propias del abogado pasan a estar plenamente automatizadas.
Refugiados y/o estudiantes extranjeros en la enseñanza superior en Argelia
Authors: Hadibi Zahir
Published: September 2023

Este artículo examina la noción de integración de los refugiados en la enseñanza superior argelina en un contexto caracterizado, por una parte, por la persistencia del problema de los refugiados con la multiplicación de los factores de riesgo y las fuentes de tensión y, por otra parte, por la expansión del sector de la enseñanza superior que experimenta una tendencia in crescendo, una evolución cuantitativa sin igual y sin precedentes. Tras un breve recordatorio de las cifras y estimaciones estadísticas, informaremos sobre el estatuto jurídico de los refugiados, con especial atención a la situación de esta categoría en la enseñanza superior argelina, para tratar de su integración con la Universidad de Bejaia como estudio de caso. Cabe mencionar que el campo de los estudios sobre refugiados no está bien explorado por los académicos, y menos aún en el sector de la educación superior. Para ello, más allá de nuestras propias observaciones, realizaremos un análisis estadístico y documental del marco legislativo mientras cuestionamos el papel de los actores institucionales encargados de gestionar el tema.
Evolución de la protección del derecho de la libertad religiosa en las constituciones de la República de Cuba
Authors: Campos Jardines Marcia del Carmen
Published: September 2023

El presente artículo analiza la evolución histórica de la libertad religiosa a partir de la Constitución cubana de 1976 teniendo en cuenta las limitaciones que tiene para el desarrollo de una futura ley que complemente sus postulados, de forma tal que garantice al individuo y a las instituciones o asociaciones religiosas su ejercicio efectivo.
Abnormalities of semen parameters among male partners of infertile couples in a sub-urban tertiary hospital in Nigeria
Authors: Igibah Christian O. , Okoeguale Joseph , Amadi Simeon C. , Ilenbodiaye Theophilus N. , Erah Francis , Okocha Ada N. , Abbey Mkpe , Kua Paul L. , Ononuju Chidiebere N. , Adewale Oluwagbemiga
Published: September 2023

Background: Infertility is a common reason for gynecological clinic visits in Nigeria. Men contribute significantly to the cause of infertility; however male factor infertility remain underreported compared to commonly reported female factor infertility. This study aimed to evaluate the abnormalities of semen parameters among male partners of infertile couples in Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital in Edo State, Nigeria.
Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study of 285 semen samples of male partners of infertile couples was conducted at Irrua specialist teaching hospital. The laboratory staff carried out analysis of the semen samples using set parameters outlined by the World Health Organization laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen. Socio-demographic data of the participants was also taken in a proforma. The data obtained was then analyzed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences.
Results: The age range of participants in this study was 20 to 65 years, with a mean age of 33.38 years. A total of 80.7% of the cases reviewed had one or more abnormal semen parameters. In 45.6%, 51.6%, and 47.0% of the analyzed samples, sperm cell count, morphology and total motility were below the WHO reference level, respectively. The severe forms of abnormal semen analysis findings detected in this study were asthenozoospermia (47%), oligozoospermia (15.8%), azoospermia (45.6%), and oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (15.5%). There was also statistically significant finding of rising cases of oligospermia with increasing age among the participants
Conclusions: Male factor infertility although grossly under reported, contributes significantly to the burden of infertility in our setting. There is a need to raise awareness so that men are properly evaluated and treated.
Assessment of the suitability of fetal kidney length measurement for determining gestational age in the third trimester
Authors: Walad Rithvika , Tile Rajesh , Jamkhandi Supriya
Published: September 2023

Background Obstetric sonography plays a significant role in the determination of gestational age because of its accuracy and easy reproducibility. Fetal kidney length is claiming to be more accurate in certain situations and emerging as a new parameter.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was done on 200 pregnant women from January 2023 to July 2023; third trimester ultrasonography was used to assess the mean fetal kidney length along with the fetal head circumference, femur length, abdominal circumference, and biparietal diameter. Gestational age was calculated from mean fetal kidney length using the nomogram introduced by Cohen L and from multiple biometric parameters using the nomogram by Hadlock FP. The obtained values were then compared with the actual gestational age derived from excellent dates taken as a standard.
Results: Fetal kidney length gestational age ranges between 26-40 weeks, with mean 35.5±3.2 (Mean±SD), median 35.9. The correlation of clinical gestational age with fetal kidney length is by r value 0.997. The correlation was best for clinical gestational age with fetal kidney length gestational age. At 40 weeks of clinical gestational age, there were 14 (7%) cases with a mean FKL of 40.09 mm.
Conclusions: The correlation between fetal kidney length and clinical gestational age is statistically significant. Therefore, it can be utilized as a dependable parameter for determining gestational age.
A study of postdatism: its incidence and associated morbidities in a tertiary care centre: a prospective observational study
Authors: Miskin Sneha , Palve Tushar , Narvekar Rutuja M. , Parasnis Ketki
Published: September 2023

Background: The study shows the incidence of postdatism in a pregnancy, and to find out the incidence of maternal and fetal complications, perinatal mortality in postdated pregnancy.
Methods: All registered ANC patients coming to OPD and labour ward completed 40 weeks of gestational age by date (who were sure of the date of last menstrual period) or by scan (considering early weeks scan) are considered in the study. History and examination of the patients are done and mode of delivery was decided accordingly. Fetal monitoring was done using non stress test, ultrasonography and DFKC charting maintained.
Results: Postdatism is very common in primigravida (61%) than multigravida, and is common in age group of 21-30 years (67%), most common mode of delivery was vaginal delivery with approximately 30% undergoing LSCS due to various reasons. In perinatal assessment there was one IUFD and 5 NICU admissions in a total of 100 postdatism pregnancies. Maternal morbidities like sepsis, postpartum hemorrhage, perineal tear ivo shpulder dystocia and big baby will also be present in small number of cases.
Conclusions: This study shows the incidence of postdatism according to gravida score and age factors. It also shows the associated perinatal and maternal morbidities in a patient with postdatism.
Association between maternal obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus and their related outcomes
Authors: Bharatnur Sunanda , Acharya Pooja B.
Published: September 2023

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has a direct correlation with maternal body mass index (BMI). Pre-pregnancy BMI is ideal for studying the outcomes of obesity in pregnancy. Unlike the west, in countries like India, pregnant women approach health facilities during first trimester making it appropriate to consider first trimester BMI, as a parameter to study outcome variables. In this study we correlate BMI and GDM in pregnancy as GDM has significant impact on mother and baby. Aim of study was to study maternal and neonatal outcomes in obese women who have conceived among two groups, GDM and non-GDM.
Methods: Observational study conducted at tertiary care teaching hospital over a one-year period (2021-2022). All pregnant women in first trimester with Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥30, calculated in first visit, was included in this study for follow-up. According to the results of GDM screening at 24-28 weeks of gestation by DIPSI method, pregnancies were divided into the GDM and non-GDM group. They were observed for risk of GDM. The obstetric and neonatal outcomes were noted and compared between the two groups. Data was analysed using SPSS software.
Results: Mean BMI (32.79±1.47) among GDM group is greater than Non GDM (31.15±1.22), with p-value 0.00005 is significant. In obstetric outcomes, GDM is associated with increased incidence of preterm deliveries (p-value=0.004), gestational hypertension (p-value=0.002). In case of perinatal outcomes, increase incidence of hyperbilirubinemia (p-value=0.002), hypoglycemia (p-value=0.048) and sepsis (p value=0.046) in neonates born to GDM is seen.
Conclusions: BMI calculation in early pregnancy is good indicator to monitor for complications in pregnancy including GDM. Therefore, identification of patients with high BMI and GDM requires regular follow up during pregnancy so that early intervention minimises complications.
Study to determine feto maternal outcomes of programmed labor in a tertiary care hospital of Jharkhand
Authors: Dutta Indrani , Horo Usha Madhulika
Published: September 2023

Background: Programmed labor aims to minimize duration and inconvenience of labor both for patient and obstetrician. The present study attempts to provide labor analgesia by using infusion paracetamol in place of conventional ketamine and tramadol.
Methods: This study was conducted in the labor room of department of obstetrics and gynecology, RIMS, Ranchi from March 2019 to February 2020. 50 primigravida and 50 multigravidas were studied, with singleton pregnancy, cephalic presentation presenting with spontaneous onset of labor with Gestational age of 37-41 week.
Results: 30% of patients were greater than 40 weeks gestation.65% of primigravida experienced severe pain, but only 20% of multigravidas had severe pain.60%primigravidas and 60% multigravidas (of 20% who had severe pain) experienced adequate pain relief with labor analgesia. 60 % primigravida presented with <4 cm cervical dilatation, whereas 40% multigravidas had <4 cm dilatation. 60% primigravida had shortened active phase (3.5 hrs), 60% multigravidas (2.5 hrs) which is suggestive of benefit of obstetrical analgesia in programmed labor. 90% patients had third stage labor less than 3 minutes. Only one multigravida landed in postpartum hemorrhage. All neonates had Apgar score greater than 8. There was no perinatal mortality. Only one primigravida landed in caesarean section due to arrest in second stage. 2 multigravidas had instrumental delivery. Maternal side effects like tachycardia, nausea, cervical and vaginal tears were more in primigravida.
Conclusions: Participants with good response to obstetrical analgesia fared better than rest. Response was more satisfactory in primigravida in terms of labor progress.