bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Food Hygiene Knowledge and Practice among South Indian Women
Authors: Mahadeva  , Manasa P  , Melby Elizabath  , Nancy Ruby  , Priya Joy  , Hezil Reema Barboza
Published: September 2021

Background: Food is essential for the existence of all living organisms. The main purpose of food hygiene isto prepare and provide safe hygienic food and consequently contribute to a healthy family. Lack of adequatefood hygiene can lead to a number of food-borne diseases and death.Methods: A descriptive study design was adopted in order to assess the level of knowledge and practiceamong women regarding food hygiene. The tool used for this study was structured knowledge questionnaireand self-reported practice checklist. The content validity of the tool was established in consultation with 7experts. The reliability of the knowledge questionnaire was tested by split-half method and self-reportedpractice checklist by Cronbach’s Alpha. The reliability of the knowledge questionnaire was 0.8 and thepractice checklist was 0.9. Both the tool was found statistically significant. Data collected from the 132women were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS.Conclusion: The results revealed that majority of the women (80.4%) belong to age group of 20-30 years.There was a positive correlation found between food hygiene knowledge and practice. Majority of thewomen had good knowledge (77.3%) and had good practice (70.3%) towards food hygiene.
Effect of Mannitol Hydration as Renoprotective on Cisplatin Induced Nephrotoxicity (CIN) in Head and Neck Cancer Patients
Authors: Mareta Rindang, Andarsari  , Yunita Dyah, Kusumaningrum  , Rosy Nurlita, Hapsari  , Dwi Hari, Susilo  , Dewi Wara, Shinta
Published: September 2021

Background: Cisplatin is a cytostatic agent used as treatments in head and neck cancer patients.Nephrotoxicity is one of cisplatin major side effects. This study aimed to evaluate the renoprotectiveeffect of mannitol-hydration administration in head and neck cancer patients who receive cisplatinchemotherapy. Methods: This was a cohort observational study to analyze the renal function of head andneck cancer patients who receives cisplatin before and after mannitol-hydration administration in IRNASurgery and Soekardja Room of Chemotherapy at RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya during June – September2018. The data obtained were BUN, SCr, and eClCr Cockroft-Gault of each cycle. Result: A total of 52patients were evaluated. The average value of creatinine serum, creatinine clearance, and BUN at each cyclewere fluctuate. However, the average value of creatinine serum and BUN were within the normal limit.The result of statistical analysis using paired t-test in those parameters at each cycle were not statisticallysignificant (p > 0,05) after mannitol administration except during first cycle to second cycle the SCr increasedsignificantly and eClCr was decreased significantly (p-value 0,024; 0,006, CI 95% respectively ). At fourthcycle the eClCr also decreased significantly (p value 0,008, CI 95%). Conclusion: The renoprotective effectof mannitol in head and neck cancer patients who receive cisplatin chemotherapy is sufficiently adequatewhich can maintain the value of BUN and creatinine serum of patients at each cycle within the normal limit.
Nonsurgical Management of a Patient with Hypopituitarism Secondary to Nonfunctioning Pituitary Macroadenoma: A Case Report
Authors: Martino Handoyo  , Hermina Novida
Published: September 2021

Pituitary adenoma is a benign neoplasm of pituitary gland. Pituitary adenoma, particularly a macroadenoma,may produce mass effect symptoms by compressing surrounding tissues. Due to pituitary function as aneuroendocrine organ, pituitary adenoma may also cause multiple endocrine disturbances. The authors reportthe case of a 39-year-old male patient presenting with chronic headache and history of seizure. MRI imagingrevealed pituitary macroadenoma with optic chiasm compression. Further diagnostic workup indicatedsecondary hypogonadism and adrenal insufficiency. The patient was given hormone replacement therapyand was then advised for surgery, but the patient refused any surgical procedure. Subsequent follow-upswere somewhat difficult due to poor patient adherence. Nevertheless, appropriate management of pituitaryadenoma is needed to achieve optimal result.
The Leptin Concentration Level in Progression of Hand Osteoarthritis Disease
Authors: Maryam Qais Ahmed  , Ghaith Sael Mohammed
Published: September 2021

Subject :Hand Osteoarthritis (HOA) is know as degenerative cartilage cell disease in joint association withgeneration various inflammatory responses . This disease is more common in geriatric and effected bymany factors such as obesity . Leptin is hormones secreted of fatty tissue involve as mediators in manypathophysiology process , and support inflammation at cartilage of hand joint .Objective of the Study: Role of leptin concentration level in progression of hand Osteoarthritis .Materials and Methods: This study was done on 60 patients with HOA disease and 60 healthy persons(control ), the all subjects age within this study were more than 60 years of both genders .After obtainedserum , immediately used quantity method (immunoassay) for measured level of leptin concentration .Results: This study shows elevation of serum leptin concentration level in HOA group compare with healthycontrol group .Conclusion: This study confirms that serum leptin concentration level can act as support HOA diseaseprogression .
Phenolic constituents from twigs of Aleurites fordii and their biological activities
Authors: Park Kyoung Jin , Suh Won Se , Yoon Da Hye , Kim Chung Sub , Kim Sun Yeou , Lee Kang Ro
Published: September 2021

Three new neolignan glycosides (1–3), a new phenolic glycoside (15), and a new cyanoglycoside (16) were isolated and characterized from the twigs of Aleurites fordii together with 14 known analogues (4–14 and 17–19). The structural elucidation of the new compounds was performed through the analysis of their NMR, HRMS, and ECD spectra and by chemical methods. All isolated compounds were tested for their antineuroinflammatory and neuroprotective activities.
STRATEGI EVERYONE IS A TEACHER HERE (ETH) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PEMAHAMAN KONSEP SAINS FISIKA
Authors: Hamka Defrizal , Purwanto Hadi
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan hasil belajar keterampilan kognitif siswa melalui penerapa strategi everyone is a teacher here (ETH) pada pembelajaran fisika. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII MTs 1 Bangkinang Barat yang berjumlah 28 orang. Instrumen pengumpulan data penelitian ini adalah soal tes hasil belajar keterampilan kognitif. Pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan pada akhir proses pembelajaran dengan mengadakan tes keterampilan kognitif. Data dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisa deskriptif yang meliputi daya serap, efektifitas pembelajaran, ketuntasan belajar siswa dan ketuntasan tujuan pembelajaran. Hasil analisa data menunjukkan: daya serap rata-rata siswa adalah 76.01% dengan kategori baik, ketuntasan belajar siswa secara klasikal adalah 77.78% dengan kategori tidak tuntas, ketuntasan tujuan pembelajaran secara klasikal adalah 66.7% dengan kategori tidak tuntas, dan efektifitas pembelajaran 76.01% dengan kategori cukup efektif. Dengan demikian, penerapan strategi everyone is a teacher here (ETH) cukup efektif digunakan untuk pembelajaran fisika.
İndirekt Hiperbilirubinemi Nedeni ile Tedavi Gerektiren Term Yenidoğanların Retrospektif Olarak Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: YARCI Erbu , ÖZTÜRK Didem
Published: September 2021

Amaç: Yenidoğan döneminde görülen indirekt hiperbilirubinemi (İHB) sıklıkla fizyolojik olmakla birlikte şiddetli hiperbilirubinemiye bağlı nörolojik hasar gelişebilir. Bu çalışmada, yenidoğan servisine sadece İHB nedeni ile yatırılarak tedavi edilen term yenidoğanların genel özellikleri, eşlik eden hastalıkları, nedenleri ve uygulanan tedaviler açısından değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereçler ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya 1 Mart 2018-1 Mart 2020 tarihleri arasında Yenidoğan Yoğun Bakım Servisi’nde İHB tanısı ile tedavi edilen 545 term yenidoğan dahil edildi. İHB tedavisi için fototerapi, İVİG uygulaması ve kan değişimi kullanıldı. Bulgular: İHB’nin en sık nedenleri sırası ile ABO uygunsuzluğu (n=156), anne sütü ile beslenememe (n=127), bilinmeyen nedenler (n=126) ve düşük doğum ağırlığı (n=87) olarak saptandı. Hemolitik sarılığı olan yenidoğanlar etiyolojik olarak incelendiğinde en sık neden ABO uygunsuzluğu olup Rh uygunsuzluğu ve subgrup uygunsuzluğu diğer sık nedenleri oluşturmakta idi. Sonuç: İHB yenidoğan döneminin sık görülen sorunlarından biri olup erken tanı, altta yatan nedeni zamanında belirlenmesi ve doğru hasta yönetimi prognoza etki eden en önemli faktörlerdir. Kan grubu uygunsuzluğu, düşük doğum ağırlığı, anne sütü ile beslenmedeki eksiklikler gibi altta yatan risk faktörlerinin dikkate alınarak izlem yapılması büyük öneme sahiptir.
2M17091769+3127589: A Mass-transfer Binary with an Extreme Mass Ratio
Authors: Miller Annaliese , Kounkel Marina , Sun 孙 Meng 萌 , Dixon Don , Boggio Chase , Covey K. R. , Stassun Keivan G. , Mathieu Robert
Published: September 2021

We present the orbital solution of a peculiar double-lined spectroscopic and eclipsing binary system, 2M17091769+3127589. This solution was obtained by a simultaneous fit of both APOGEE radial velocities and TESS and ASAS-SN light curves to determine masses and radii. This system consists of an

M
=

0.256

−
0.006

+
0.010

M
⊙,

R
=

3.961

−
0.032

+
0.049

R
⊙ red giant and a hotter

M
=

1.518

−
0.031

+
0.057

M
⊙,

R
=

2.608

−
0.321

+
0.034

R
⊙ subgiant. Modeling with the MESA evolutionary codes indicates that the system likely formed 5.26 Gyrs ago, with a M = 1.2 M
⊙ primary that is now the system’s red giant and a M = 1.11 M
⊙ secondary that is now a more massive subgiant. Due to Roche-lobe overflow as the primary ascends the red giant branch, the more evolved “primary” (i.e., originally the more massive star of the pair) is now only one sixth as massive as the “secondary.” Such a difference between the initial and the current mass ratio is one of the most extreme detected so far. Evolutionary modeling suggests the system is still engaged in mass transfer, at a rate of

M

̇

∼

10

−
9

M
⊙/yr, and it provides an example of a less evolved precursor to some of the systems that consist of white dwarfs and blue stragglers.
Star Formation and Quenching of Central Galaxies from Stacked Hi Measurements
Authors: Guo Hong , Jones Michael G. , Wang Jing , Lin Lin
Published: September 2021

We quantitatively investigate the dependence of central galaxy Hi mass (M
Hi
) on the stellar mass (M
*), halo mass (M

h
), star formation rate (SFR), and central stellar surface density within 1 kpc (Σ1), taking advantage of the Hi spectra stacking technique using both the Arecibo Fast Legacy ALFA Survey and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We find that the shapes of M
Hi
–M

h
and M
Hi
–M
* relations are remarkably similar for both star-forming and quenched galaxies, with massive quenched galaxies having constantly lower Hi masses of around 0.6 dex. This similarity strongly suggests that neither halo mass nor stellar mass is the direct cause of quenching, but rather the depletion of the Hi reservoir. While the Hi reservoir for low-mass galaxies of M
* < 1010.5
M
☉ strongly increases with M

h
, more massive galaxies show no significant dependence of M
Hi
with M

h
, indicating that the main effect of halo is to determine the smooth cold gas accretion. We find that the star formation and quenching of central galaxies are directly regulated by the available Hi reservoir, with an average relation of

SFR
∝

M

H

I

2.75

/

M

*

0.40

, implying a quasi-steady state of star formation. We further confirm that galaxies are depleted of their Hi reservoir once they drop off the star formation main sequence and there is a very tight and consistent correlation between M
Hi
and Σ1 in this phase, with

M

H

I

∝

Σ

1

−
2

. This result is consistent with the compaction-triggered quenching scenario, with galaxies going through three evolutionary phases of cold gas accretion, compaction and post-compaction, and quenching.
Reverberation Mapping Measurements of Black Hole Masses and Broad-line Region Kinematics in Mrk 817 and NGC 7469
Authors: Lu Kai-Xing , Wang Jian-Guo , Zhang Zhi-Xiang , Huang Ying-Ke , Xu Liang , Xin Yu-Xin , Yu Xiao-Guang , Ding Xu , Wang De-Qing , Feng Hai-Cheng
Published: September 2021

We present the results from a spectroscopic monitoring campaign to obtain reverberation mapping measurements and investigate the broad-line region (BLR) kinematics for active galactic nuclei (AGNs) of Mrk 817 and NGC 7469. This campaign was undertaken with the Lijiang 2.4 m telescope. The median spectroscopic sampling is 2.0 days for Mrk 817 and 1.0 day for NGC 7469. We detect time lags of the broad emission lines, including Hβ, Hγ, He ii, and He i for both AGNs, including Fe ii for Mrk 817 with respect to the varying AGN continuum at 5100 Å. Investigating the relationship between line widths and time lags of the broad emission lines, we find that the BLR dynamics of Mrk 817 and NGC 7469 are consistent with the virial prediction. We estimate the masses of central supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and the accretion rates of both AGNs. Using the data of this campaign, we construct the velocity-resolved lag profiles of the broad Hγ, Hβ, and He i lines for Mrk 817, which show almost the same kinematic signatures in that the time lags in the red wing are slightly larger than the time lags in the blue wing. For NGC 7469, we only clearly construct the velocity-resolved lag profiles of the broad Hγ and Hβ, which show very similar kinematic signatures to the BLR of Mrk 817. These signatures indicate that the BLR of Keplerian motion in both AGNs seemingly has outflowing components during the monitoring period. We discuss the kinematics of the BLR and the measurements, including SMBH mass and accretion rates.
The Effect of Walking Exercise and Consumption of Steeping Chamomile Flowers (Matricaria recutita) on Depression in the Elderly in Langsa City
Authors: Faisal T. Iskandar , Khaira Nuswatul , Veri Nora , Magfirah Magfirah , Dewita Dewita , Alchalidi Alchalidi , Sari Yuni
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: The population of the elderly is increasing rapidly in almost every part of the world. A common problem faced by the elderly is prolonged depression. One of the practical and economic efforts to reduce depression is by walking and consuming chamomile flowers.

AIM: The aim of this study is to analyzing the effect of walking exercise and consumption of chamomile (Matricaria recutita) flower infusion on depression in the elderly in Langsa City.

METHODS: We used a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group design. This research was conducted from September to December 2020 in Karang Anyar Village, Langsa City. The population in this study were all elderly who met the inclusion criteria. The sample was selected as many as 24 elderly. The sample size of the study was calculated using the formula for the sample size for experimental research from Federer, namely (t–1) (r–1) ≥15). Data collection techniques in this study were interviews and observations using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) questionnaire instrument, which was carried out twice, namely at the time before treatment and after treatment in four groups, namely, the control group, the walking exercise group, the chamomile flower consumption group and the combination group of walking and exercise. Consume chamomile flowers. Data analysis used paired t-test and one-way analysis of variance test to see the effect of the intervention on depression.

RESULTS: This study’s results indicate that walking can significantly reduce the GDS depression score with a p-value of 0.025. This study indicates that consumption of chamomile Flower can significantly reduce the GDS score of the elderly with a p-value of 0.037. This study showed that the combination of walking and consumption of chamomile tea was able to significantly reduce the GDS depression score with a p-value of 0.017. When viewed from the p-value, this treatment group showed the most significant reduction in the GDS depression score than the other two treatment groups, namely walking and consumption of chamomile tea. In the walking exercise group, the chamomile flowers were the consumption treatment group combined treatment group walking and chamomile tea consumption. All three treatments had the same ability to reduce the GDS score, as evidenced by a p-value of 0.808 (p > 0.05).

CONCLUSION: Walking exercise and consumption of chamomile tea can significantly reduce the GDS score of the elderly in Langsa City.
The Attitude and Behavior Related to Social Distancing as Prevention Transmission of Coronavirus Disease 19 among Adolescents Living in Coastal Area of Indonesia
Authors: Mulyadi Eko , Wahid Abd , Arif Rahman Hakim
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: The majority of adolescents living in the coastal area are Muslim who has a habit of carrying out worship and cultural activities in the congregation. They are in the school-age period and have received sufficient information about social distancing as prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission. AIM: This study aimed to explore the attitude and behavior related to social distancing in response to prevent COVID-19 transmission among adolescents living in the coastal area, Indonesia. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study that invited adolescents in the coastal area, Madura, East Java, Indonesia, as participants. Data were collected conveniently through an online questionnaire. Univariate and bivariate analyses were performed for the analysis of the data. RESULTS: A total of 224 participants completed the survey. A number of participants disagreed to certain attitudes related to social distancing including praying from home (21%), wearing a mask (15%), and not organizing mass gathering events (9%). Furthermore, as many as 44% of participants refused to facilitate infected people to do self-isolation. CONCLUSION: The attitudes related to the social distancing of adolescents living in the coastal area might be influenced by culture and Islam reference. Therefore, a religious approach is considered important to be involved in the preparation of strategic actions in preventing the transmission of COVID-19 through social distancing. The refusal of participants to isolate an infected person might be caused by a limited knowledge about COVID-19 prevention. The related institutions need to conduct a major health socialization to prevent COVID-19 transmission through social distancing.
The Significance of Differences in Melanocortin 3 Levels and their Relationship with Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Body Mass Index
Authors: Tenriola Andi , Hidayah Najdah , Subair Subair , Massi Muhammad Nasrum , Handayani Irda , Natzir Rosdiana , Djaharuddin Irawaty , Halik Handayani
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Melanocortin 3 Receptors (MC3R) levels plays a role in many biological systems, including energy homeostasis and regulation of fat metabolism. However, very few have researched the relationship between MC3R and tuberculosis (TB) and body mass index.

AIM: This study explores the differences in serum MC3R levels in active TB, household contacts, and control groups, as well as at different body mass index status. This study tries to find out the relationship between MC3R and other variables.

METHODS AND MATERIALS: Blood samples were taken from 53 active TB patients, 49 household contacts, and 30 healthy people as controls. The 132 samples were subjected to IGRA and ELISA examinations to determine differences in MC3R levels in all groups.

RESULTS: The highest mean of MC3R levels were found in the active TB group at 1.259.55 (p = 0.028) and had a positive correlation with a value of p = 0.008. In the sex group, men had the highest levels (p = 0.551). In the 30–49 year age group, the median value increased significantly in the three groups (p = 0.028), and there was a correlation between MC3R and the 17–29 year age group, although the correlation was negative (p = 0.021), in the 30–49 year age group with a positive correlation (p = 0.050). The mean MC3R value increased significantly in the overweight group in the three groups (p = 0.006) but did not significantly correlate.

CONCLUSION: The high level of MC3R in TB patients is related to its role as a defence against microbes that enter the body through the immune process to prevent further infection and inflammation. Meanwhile, high levels of MC3R in excess Body mass index were associated with the function of MC3R as an inhibitor of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons to release α-MSH.
Is It Necessary to Perform a Routine Antibiotic Prophylaxis before an Elective Surgery of Cesarean Section?
Authors: Belyaev Sergei , Nazarenko Larysa , Dubrova Liliya , Fedota Olena
Published: September 2021

INTRODUCTION: According to the data by World Health Organization, the broad and often insufficiently substantiated prescription of antibiotics, including for prophylactic purposes, has led to the growth of antibiotic-resistant microflora, which is a dangerous and intractable problem of modern medicine. Despite the undoubted benefits of antibiotics in the management of wound infection and endometritis after cesarean section, the routine prophylactic administration of antibacterial drugs can not only carry the risk of growth of resistant nosocomial microflora, but also have doubtful effects on the health of a newborn.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: The purpose of the study was to justify the possibility of carrying out elective cesarean section operations without routine antibiotic prophylaxis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: An analysis of 333 cases of elective cesarean section operations carried out in the obstetric department in the period from 2017 to 2019 was performed. Routine antibiotic prophylaxis before surgery was not prescribed in 118 healthy patients with an uncomplicated history and a smooth course of the gestational process. The remaining 215 women received a single intravenous injection of 1 g of cefazolin sodium intraoperatively, after extraction of the fetus. A comparative analysis of the clinical groups was carried out according to the following criteria: vaginal microbiocenosis before surgical delivery, duration, and features of the operation, clinical blood count on days 1 and 5 of the post-operative period, condition of postoperative sutures, the presence of discharge from the wound, signs of infectious complications from the uterus or other organs, uterine involution rate, duration of hospital stay before and after surgery, follow-up history for 1 month after discharge from the maternity ward. The data obtained were subjected to statistical processing.

RESULTS: We have found no significant differences in the course and number of complications in the postpartum period in the compared clinical groups. The statistically significant transient leukocytosis observed on the 1st day of the postoperative period in patients who did not undergo antibiotic prophylaxis before the surgery seems to be associated with a more pronounced adaptive reaction and was not combined with any clinical symptoms of development of infection.

CONCLUSION: No relationship has been identified between the routine prescription of antibiotics before or during an elective cesarean section and the risk of developing infectious complications in the post-operative period. Antibiotic prophylaxis before surgery should be carried out differentially, taking into account the history and features of the course of this pregnancy.
Wnt Signaling and Cadherin Expressions in Different Staging of Colorectal Cancer as Biomarkers for Metastasis: Study of SW480, COLO 320DM, and HCT116 Cellines
Authors: Winarko Luminturahardjo , Rahajoe Pudji , Soeatmadji Djoko , Mintaroem Karyono
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Early metastases is still unresolved problem in cancer management, eventually in colorectal cancer (CRC). In addition, many markers are useful just only in the late stage of CRC.

AIM: This study evaluates the differences in the expression intensity of nuclear β-catenin, cytoplasmic β-catenin, E-cadherin, and N-cadherin between CRC SW480 cell line as control group and COLO320DM and HCT116 cell lines as case groups.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study applied experimental research design with the different test methods. Culture growing and subcultures manufacturing for the CRC cell line models were done initially and followed by the immunofluorescence method by administering antibodies on β-catenin, E-cadherin, and N-cadherin, and continued with staining process using fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate and 4’, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole. Observations were done using an immunofluorescence microscope. Calculation of area density in each cell to perceive the expressions of cytoplasmic and nuclear β-catenin, E-cadherin, and N-cadherin was conducted using ImageJ software, resulted in mean fluorescence intensity.

RESULTS: There are significant differences in the expressions of cytoplasmic β-catenin, nuclear β-catenin, E-cadherin, and N-cadherin among SW480, COLO320DM, and HCT116 cell lines (p < 0.05). Despite no significant differences in cytoplasmic and nuclear β-catenin expressions between SW480 and HCT116 cell lines, and in E-cadherin and N-cadherin expressions between COLO320DM and HCT116 cell lines (p > 0.05). SW480 cell line has a higher expression of nuclear β-catenin than the cytoplasm (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: This study reveals differences in the expression of nucleic and cytoplasmic β-catenin, E-cadherin, and N-cadherin in three stages of CRC (Duke B, C, and D) refer to different activation invasion, migration, and metastatic processes. Furthermore, the high expression of nuclear β-catenin and N-cadherin in the early stage of CRC indicate there is a metastatic process in that stage, so nuclear β-catenin and cadherin can be considered as potential biomarkers in the early stage of this cancer.
Comparing the Asthma Control and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Different Fixed Combinations of Inhaled Corticosteroids Plus Long-acting Beta 2 Agonist; A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Sileem Ashraf Elsayed , Ali Ahmed , Elnahas Hanan , Gouda Ahmed M.
Published: September 2021

Background: Asthma is the most common chronic inflammatory disease of the pulmonary system. The prevalence of asthma is growing enormously worldwide posing a significant health and economic burden. Asthma treatment guidelines recommend a combination of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) and long-acting beta 2 agonist (LABA). However, there is little guidance for clinicians on selecting a specific ICS/LABA combination.
Aim: To compare the effectiveness of three fixed dose ICS/LABA combination therapies i.e., fluticasone/salmeterol, fluticasone/formoterol and budesonide/formoterol for the management of moderate to severe asthma.
Design: This was a prospective interventional, three-armed, parallel group, open label, and randomized clinical trial
Methods: Adult asthmatic patients of both genders (n=135) were randomly allocated to the three ICS/LABA treatment groups: fluticasone/salmeterol-treated group (n=45) , fluticasone/formoterol-treated group (n=45) and budesonide/formoterol-treated group (n=45). All groups were treated for three months. The main outcome parameters included lung function (FEV1, FEV1%, FEV1/FVC), inflammatory state (hs-CRP, ECP) and asthma control (ACT).
Results: After 3 months of treatment, fluticasone/formoterol significantly increased FEV1 compared to fluticasone/salmeterol (p<0.01) and FEV1% compared to budesonide/formoterol (p<0.01). Both fluticasone-containing combinations significantly increased FEV1/FVC (p<0.001, p<0.001), decreased serum hs-CRP (p<0.01, p<0.001), and serum ECP (p<0.05, p<0.001) and improved ACT (p<0.05, p<0.01) compared to budesonide. Fluticasone/formoterol significantly reduced ECP in comparison to fluticasone/salmeterol (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Our study showed a superiority for fluticasone-containing combinations over budesonide for the treatment of moderate to severe asthma. Within the former combinations, fluticasone/formoterol was better than fluticasone/salmeterol.
Delayed Treatment of Acute Subdural Hematomas: Retrospective Outcome Analysis of 215 Patients
Authors: Akhmetov Kanat , Akshulakov Serik , Adilbekov Yerzhan , Jaxybayeva Altynshash , Dmitriyeva Mariya , Toleubayev Medet
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: The preferred treatment method for acute subdural hematoma (aSDH) is surgical intervention.
AIM: We aimed to show that, regardless of the good results of surgical treatment, conventional delayed treatment might be very useful in some situations and might lead to chronicity of hematoma as well as reduction of surgical intervention scope and reduce risk of anesthesia. It might also give rise to spontaneous resorption of hematoma.
METHODS: In the period March 1, 2013–March 1, 2020, we retrospectively examined 215 aSDH patients. The basic result of the outcome analysis was evaluated on the basis of the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) at discharge after 3-month and 6-month follow-up.
RESULTS: A total of 215 patients with aSDH and minor or moderate brain injury were examined, while applying conventional delayed treatment, the following results were obtained: large craniotomy was carried out in 123 patients (57.2%) on the 2nd–3rd day of observation, small craniotomy with drainage was applied in 29 patients (13.5%) and spontaneous resorption of subdural hematoma occurred in 63 patients (29.3%). The median score as per the Glasgow Coma Scale at admission to the hospital was 11.4.
CONCLUSION: This study showed that conventional delayed treatment applied in patients with aSDH and minor or moderate craniocerebral injury might lead to chronicity and resorption of aSDH. The outcomes as per the GOS scale also showed good data three and 6 months after hospitalization.
Impacts of Pharmacy Intervention on Appropriateness of Antibiotics Use in Pneumonia Patients
Authors: Nasution Azizah , Khairunnisa Khairunnisa , Sulaiman Syed Azhar Syed
Published: September 2021

AIM: This study analyzed the impact of pharmacy intervention on appropriateness of antibiotics use in the treatment of inpatients with pneumonia admitted to Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU) Hospital, Medan, Indonesia.

METHODS: This cohort study analyzed appropriateness of antibiotic use in the treatment of in-patients with pneumonia without interventions or baseline group (n = 33) admitted to USU Hospital year 2018 and 3-month period admission with pharmacy intervention (n = 42) year 2019. Characteristics of the patients and antibiotics provided to both groups were descriptively analyzed. The appropriateness of antibiotics use in both groups was analyzed based on their medical conditions, culture and sensitivity tests, and trustable literatures, and then categorized applying Gyssens method regarding dose, intervals, routes, length of provision, effectivity, and costs. The significant difference in inappropriate use of antibiotics between groups with and without interventions was analyzed applying unpaired t-test (p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant).

RESULTS: Most of the pneumonia patients in both groups were male. Mean age of the patients (years) in group: without intervention, 60.20 ± 15.48; with intervention, 60.48 ± 14.76. The three most widely provided antibiotics were ceftriaxone, meropenem, and ciprofloxacin. Incidence of inappropriate use of antibiotics per patient in group: without intervention, 0.66; with intervention, 0.33. The inappropriate use of antibiotics reduced significantly in group with intervention, p = 0.049.

CONCLUSIONS: Pharmacy intervention is crucial to reduce the inappropriate use of antibiotics in the treatment of pneumonia.
Les questions écrites des parlementaires en droit international
Authors: Motsch Pascaline
Published: September 2021

Dans un domaine réservé pour l’essentiel et par nature au Gouvernement, tel que les Affaires étrangères, les questions écrites des parlementaires constituent un instrument privilégié de contrôle et d’information des députés et des sénateurs sur l’action menée par l’Exécutif. Au regard du nombre de questions posées et qui n’a cessé de croître, force est de constater que les parlementaires ont peu à peu investi le champ des affaires étrangères, marquées dans la période contemporaine par deux évolutions majeures : la montée en puissance du droit de l’Union européenne et des droits de l’homme. En conséquence, les questions portant sur les relations internationales de la France sont quasiment absorbées par les questions relatives au droit de l’Union européenne, dont les compétences empiètent sur les droits de souveraineté intérieure et extérieure de la France, et par les questions relatives aux droits de l’homme, qui relativisent les droits de souveraineté des États tiers. La présente contribution entend donc mettre en lumière ces deux tendances, dont les questions écrites des parlementaires sont révélatrices, en prenant notamment appui sur des sujets internationaux récents, à l’instar du rapatriement des djihadistes de la zone irako-syrienne ou encore du sort réservé à la minorité des Ouïgours par le gouvernement chinois.
Les réponses ministérielles en matière fiscale
Authors: Rigaudeau Pierre-Olivier
Published: September 2021

Les réponses ministérielles en matière fiscale forment une catégorie tout à fait à part d’actes administratifs. Un certain nombre de spécificités les distingue des autres réponses ministérielles. En principe un administré ne peut se prévaloir d’une telle réponse ni d’ailleurs des interprétations de portée générale de l’administration. Pourtant, il existe en droit fiscal un dispositif qui permet de se prévaloir de tels textes. Il s’agit de l’article L. 80 A du Livre des procédures fiscales qui instaure une garantie contre les changements de doctrine de l’administration fiscale. Or, le Conseil d’État juge que, sous certaines conditions, les réponses ministérielles données en matière fiscale intègrent le champ d’application de cet article. Il est donc possible de s’en prévaloir. À ce titre, les réponses ministérielles en matière fiscale partagent la nature de la doctrine fiscale invocable. Il s’agit d’une catégorie propre d’actes créateurs de droits car les contribuables sont titulaires du pouvoir d’exiger de l’administration fiscale le respect des indications de portée générale contenues dans sa doctrine si elles lui paraissent avantageuses. Le fondement de l’intégration des réponses ministérielles dans le champ de la doctrine fiscale n’est pas clairement défini. Par conjecture, on peut l’associer à l’histoire des dispositions de l’article L. 80 A LPF. Dans une logique de renforcement du consentement à l’impôt, il s’agit de contraindre l’administration à respecter les engagements qu’elle a pris devant le Parlement. Cette invocabilité explique les particularités du régime contentieux des réponses ministérielles en matière fiscale. À la différence des autres réponses ministérielles, elles peuvent faire l’objet d’un recours pour excès de pouvoir. Pour que ce recours soit recevable, il faut cependant que la réponse contestée comporte une interprétation d’un texte fiscal invocable au titre de l’article L. 80 A LPF, c’est-à-dire qu’elle « ajoute à la loi fiscale ». Cela conduit le juge à renouer avec un raisonnement que l’on croyait abandonné : celui de l’arrêt Institutions Notre-Dame-du-Kreisker (CE, 1954) car la recevabilité est fonction de l’examen du bien-fondé du recours – les réponses ajoutant à la loi fiscale étant, par définition, prises par une autorité incompétente. Avec seulement six recours contentieux menés contre les réponses ministérielles, dont un seul a abouti à une annulation contentieuse, cette voie de droit n’est que très rarement mise en œuvre et présente des possibilités essentiellement virtuelles. Il faut reconnaître que le raffinement et l’originalité du régime des réponses ministérielles en matière fiscale ne suffisent pas à établir l’utilité de cette mécanique complexe. D’autres outils juridiques, comme la publication des interprétations de portée générale au BOFiP (le Bulletin officiel des finances publiques ), ou comme le rescrit, remplissent avec une meilleure efficacité et avec de plus grandes garanties les finalités assignées à cette catégorie particulière de réponses ministérielles.
Grandeur et petitesse de la réponse ministérielle
Authors: Seurot Laurent
Published: September 2021

Si elles sont en principe dépourvues de toute valeur juridique, en ce qu’elles ne sont ni invocables ni contestables devant le juge, les réponses ministérielles peuvent être d’une grande importance pratique. Ceux qui les consultent sont naturellement tentés de leur accorder le plus grand crédit, pensant que l’interprétation qui s’y trouve est en quelque sorte l’interprétation officielle des textes. C’est la raison pour laquelle il serait préférable qu’elles soient juridiquement fiables. Or, comme en témoignent les commentaires qui les accompagnent parfois dans les revues juridiques, elles sont d’une qualité très inégale. Certaines sont incontestablement utiles en ce qu’elles éclairent le droit positif : elles peuvent l’exposer fidèlement, en expliquer les raisons et les implications, ou mettre en évidence les difficultés liées à son application. Mais de nombreuses autres sont beaucoup plus discutables en ce qu’elles risquent d’induire en erreur le lecteur qui leur accorderait trop facilement sa confiance : telle réponse ministérielle peut exposer l’état du droit de manière erronée en affirmant sans nuance une interprétation pourtant discutée ; telle autre peut exagérer la portée d’une jurisprudence ; telle autre, enfin, peut décrire correctement le droit positif au moment où elle est publiée mais être rapidement contredite par le juge.
Rêve partagé, rêve réécrit : circulation du désir dans un conte de la Chine classique
Authors: Lucas Aude
Published: September 2021

Cet article se veut une analyse d’un conte chinois du xvii e  siècle, qui est l’une des multiples réécritures d’une même histoire onirique. Cette version présente l’originalité de faire varier la position subjective dominante, donnant ainsi lieu à un rêve dont le message répond à celui de la version textuelle antérieure. L’ensemble des textes suscite ainsi la « circulation » de ce rêve que l’on peut qualifier de « collectif » – du fait qu’il est partagé tant par plusieurs personnages que par plusieurs auteurs.
Partager des choses oniriques : auto-analyses et traductions après Freud
Authors: Mayer Andreas
Published: September 2021

Au lieu de comprendre la problématique de la psychanalyse freudienne face à l’histoire et aux sciences sociales selon une théorisation psychanalytique qui présente le rêve comme un objet asocial et décontextualisé, nous partons ici des pratiques d’écriture et de lecture qui, depuis l’auto-analyse freudienne, traitent les rêves comme des choses partagées. Les premières traductions américaines de la Traumdeutung mettent en évidence l’originalité du modèle auto-analytique : la consigne de Freud selon laquelle le traducteur doit être un analyste censé remplacer les exemples de l’auteur par ses propres analyses consiste à faire comme si l’auteur disparaissait derrière son procédé, en autorisant le traducteur à réécrire le livre, du moins de façon partielle, dans sa propre langue, en utilisant ses propres exemples. Même s’il est conçu dans des termes institutionnels, l’acte de traduction ne s’inscrit pas dans une logique visant à établir la forme canonique d’un texte définitif et clos, mais plutôt dans une culture de l’auto-observation où des écrits de rêves et leurs interprétations peuvent circuler comme des choses partagées.
Oscillation theorems of solution of second-order neutral differential equations
Authors: Muhib Ali ,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt, Alotaibi Hammad , Bazighifan Omar , Nonlaopon Kamsing ,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Education – Al-Nadirah, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Taif University, P.O.Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Hadhramout University, Seiyun, Yemen,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we aim to explore the oscillation of solutions for a class of second-order neutral functional differential equations. We propose new criteria to ensure that all obtained solutions are oscillatory. The obtained results can be used to develop and provide theoretical support for and further develop the oscillation study for a class of second-order neutral differential equations. Finally, an illustrated example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of our new criteria.
An epistasis and heterogeneity analysis method based on maximum correlation and maximum consistence criteria
Authors: Chen Xia ,   School of Basic Education, Changsha Aeronautical Vocational and Technical College, Changsha, Hunan 410124, China, Lin Yexiong , Qu Qiang , Ning Bin , Chen Haowen , Li Xiong ,   College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China,   School of Software, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China
Published: September 2021

Tumor heterogeneity significantly increases the difficulty of tumor treatment. The same drugs and treatment methods have different effects on different tumor subtypes. Therefore, tumor heterogeneity is one of the main sources of poor prognosis, recurrence and metastasis. At present, there have been some computational methods to study tumor heterogeneity from the level of genome, transcriptome, and histology, but these methods still have certain limitations. In this study, we proposed an epistasis and heterogeneity analysis method based on genomic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data. First of all, a maximum correlation and maximum consistence criteria was designed based on Bayesian network score K2 and information entropy for evaluating genomic epistasis. As the number of SNPs increases, the epistasis combination space increases sharply, resulting in a combination explosion phenomenon. Therefore, we next use an improved genetic algorithm to search the SNP epistatic combination space for identifying potential feasible epistasis solutions. Multiple epistasis solutions represent different pathogenic gene combinations, which may lead to different tumor subtypes, that is, heterogeneity. Finally, the XGBoost classifier is trained with feature SNPs selected that constitute multiple sets of epistatic solutions to verify that considering tumor heterogeneity is beneficial to improve the accuracy of tumor subtype prediction. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of our method, the power of multiple epistatic recognition and the accuracy of tumor subtype classification measures are evaluated. Extensive simulation results show that our method has better power and prediction accuracy than previous methods.
Student Engagement
Authors: John George , Francis Nidhish , Santhakumar Abishek B.
Published: September 2021

Student engagement is often considered a challenging term to define since it is a complex construct of several factors. Nevertheless, it refers to the degree of interest, motivation, or curiosity students demonstrate in their learning. This chapter explores how student engagement frameworks have evolved from a traditional didactic model (educator focused) to a modern co-created collaborative model (student focused) and has missed some key factors. To fill in the identified gaps on student engagement, a framework of learning stewardship is proposed.
Work-Life Balance Challenges
Authors: Senbursa Nihan
Published: September 2021

Within an ever-changing, digitalized world, the working methods have vastly changed over the last few decades. If the effects of a contemporary event such as COVID-19—the global pandemic started in the Hubei region of China at the end of December 2019—are considered, the changes have reached beyond just the practical logistics of working and crossed otherwise untouched social and emotional barriers. As a result of the pandemic, new working ways on an international level have become considerably more prominent. With the post-modern paradigm, organizations have focused on their employees and see them as stakeholders and developed a set of policies and standards under the guise of “an employee-friendly organization.” This chapter sheds light on strategies on how to maintain work-life balance in a virtual environment of remote work, new regulations, and the gaining importance of employee satisfaction, ensuring remote employees feel cared for, valued, and included.
Fuzzy-Based EOQ Model With Credit Financing and Backorders Under Human Learning
Authors: Jayaswal Mahesh Kumar , Mittal Mandeep , Sangal Isha , Tripathi Jayanti
Published: September 2021

In this paper, an inventory model has been developed with trade credit financing and back orders under human learning. In this model, it is considered that the seller provides a credit period to his buyer to settle the account and the buyer accepts the credit period policy with certain terms and conditions. The impact of learning and credit financing on the size of the lot and the corresponding cost has been presented. For the development of the model, demand and lead times have been taken as the fuzzy triangular numbers are fuzzified, and then learning has been done in the fuzzy numbers. First of all, the consideration of constant fuzziness is relaxed, and then the concept of learning in fuzzy under credit financing is joined with the representation, assuming that the degree of fuzziness reduces over the planning horizon. Finally, the expected total fuzzy cost function is minimized with respect to order quantity and number of shipments under credit financing and learning effect. Lastly, sensitive analysis has been presented as a consequence of some numerical examples.
Fuzzy C-Means Technique for Band Reduction and Segmentation of Hyperspectral Satellite Image
Authors: Saravanakumar V.  , Saravanan Kavitha M. , Balaram V. V. S. S. S.  , Anantha Sivaprakasam S.
Published: September 2021

This paper put forward for the segmentation process on the hyperspectral remote sensing satellite scene. The prevailing algorithm, fuzzy c-means, is performed on this scene. Moreover, this algorithm is performed in both inter band as well as intra band clustering (i.e., band reduction and segmentation are performed by this algorithm). Furthermore, a band that has topmost variance is selected from every cluster. This structure diminishes these bands into three bands. This reduced band is de-correlated, and subsequently segmentation is carried out using this fuzzy algorithm.
Conflict Management Styles and Innovation Performance
Authors: Yaseen Saad G. , El Refae Ghaleb A. , Dajani Dima M. , Ghanem Ashgan A.
Published: September 2021

The aim of this research is to empirically investigate the relationship between conflict management styles (CMSs), organizational agility, and innovation performance. Covariance-based structural equation modeling was used to test Rahim and Bonoma conflict management styles and their relations to organizational agility and innovation performance. A total of 460 questionnaires were collected from the Jordanian telecommunication companies. Findings revealed that integrating style has a significant impact on the organizational agility and innovation performance. Organizational agility mediates the relationship between compromising and integrating conflict styles and innovation performance. The obliging, dominating, and avoiding conflict management styles have an insignificant effect on innovation performance. This research has significantly contributed to the existing literature where prior studies were mainly conducted in the Western context. The conflict management field is still under research in the Middle Eastern business context.