bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Non-Linear Activation Functions for Classification Tasks Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Dureja Aman , Pahwa Payal
Published: October 2018

Background:

In making the deep neural network, activation functions play an important
role. But the choice of activation functions also affects the network in term of optimization and to
retrieve the better results. Several activation functions have been introduced in machine learning for
many practical applications. But which activation function should use at hidden layer of deep neural
networks was not identified.

Objective:

The primary objective of this analysis was to describe which activation function must be
used at hidden layers for deep neural networks to solve complex non-linear problems.

Methods:

The configuration for this comparative model was used by using the datasets of 2 classes
(Cat/Dog). The number of Convolutional layer used in this network was 3 and the pooling layer was
also introduced after each layer of CNN layer. The total of the dataset was divided into the two parts.
The first 8000 images were mainly used for training the network and the next 2000 images were
used for testing the network.

Results:

The experimental comparison was done by analyzing the network by taking different activation
functions on each layer of CNN network. The validation error and accuracy on Cat/Dog dataset
were analyzed using activation functions (ReLU, Tanh, Selu, PRelu, Elu) at number of hidden
layers. Overall the Relu gave best performance with the validation loss at 25th Epoch 0.3912 and validation
accuracy at 25th Epoch 0.8320.

Conclusion:

It is found that a CNN model with ReLU hidden layers (3 hidden layers here) gives
best results and improve overall performance better in term of accuracy and speed. These advantages
of ReLU in CNN at number of hidden layers are helpful to effectively and fast retrieval of images
from the databases.
Feasibility of an iPhone-based application for knee joint goniometry during gait in a stroke patient (Preprint)
Authors: Nava Claudia , Sale Patrizio , Leggero Vittorio , Ferrante Simona , Fundaro' Cira , Ferriero Giorgio , Ambrosini Emilia
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND

In recent years, different smartphone apps have been validated for joint goniometry, but none for goniometric assessment of gait after stroke.

OBJECTIVE

The aims of our work were to assess:1) to assess intra-rater reliability of an image-based goniometric app – DrGoniometer- in the measurement of the extension, flexion angles and range of motion of the knee during the hemiparetic gait of a stroke patient; (2) its validity comparing to the reference method (electrogoniometer) for flexion-extension excursion measurements; and the intra-rater agreement in the choice of the video frames.

METHODS

An left-hemiparetic inpatient following haemorrhagic stroke was filmed using the app while walking on a linear path. An electrogoniometer was fixed on the medial face of the affected knee in order to record the dynamic goniometry during gait. Twenty-one raters, blinded to measurements, were recruited to rate knee angle measurements from video acquired with DrGoniometer. Each rater repeated the same procedure twice, the second one at least one day after the first measure.

RESULTS

Results showed that flexion angle measurements are reliable (ICC95%=0.66, 0.34;0.85; SEM=4°), and adequately precise (CV=14%). Extension angles measurements demonstrated moderate reliability and higher degree of variation (ICC=0.51, 0.09;0.77; SEM 4°; CV=53%). ROM values were: ICC=0.23 (-0.21;0.60); CV=20%. Accuracy of DrGoniometer compared to the electrogoniometer was 7.3±4.7°. The selection of maximum extension frame revealed an accordance of 58% and 72% within a range of ±5 or ±10 frames, respectively; while the best flexion frame reported 86% of agreement for both range of 5 and 10 frames.

CONCLUSIONS

The results demonstrated moderate to good reliability concerning the maximum extension and flexion angles, while assessing ROM DrGoniometer showed poor intra-rater reliability. Flexion angle measurements seemed to be reliable according to ICC and SEM values and more precise with a limited dispersion of results DrGoniometer revealed a good accuracy in the measurement of range of motion. The agreement of the maximal extension frame was anyway adequate within 5 frames (59%) and noticeably increased within 10 frames (72%).
In conclusion, DrGoniometer was found to be a valid and reliable method for assessing knee angles during hemiparetic gait. Further studies are necessary to investigate inter-rater reliability and confirm our results.
Characteristics of Adopters of an Online Social Networking Physical Activity Mobile Phone App: Cluster Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Sanders Ilea , Short Camille E , Bogomolova Svetlana , Stanford Tyman , Plotnikoff Ronald , Vandelanotte Corneel , Olds Tim , Edney Sarah , Ryan Jillian , Curtis Rachel G , Maher Carol
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND

To date, many online health behavior programs developed by researchers have not been translated at scale. To inform translational efforts, health researchers must work with marketing experts to design cost-effective marketing campaigns. It is important to understand the characteristics of end users of a given health promotion program and identify key market segments.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to describe the characteristics of the adopters of Active Team, a gamified online social networking physical activity app, and identify potential market segments to inform future research translation efforts.

METHODS

Participants (N=545) were Australian adults aged 18 to 65 years who responded to general advertisements to join a randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluating the Active Team app. At baseline they provided demographic (age, sex, education, marital status, body mass index, location of residence, and country of birth), behavioral (sleep, assessed by the Pittsburgh Quality Sleep Index) and physical activity (assessed by the Active Australia Survey), psychographic information (health and well-being, assessed by the PERMA [Positive Emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, Achievement] Profile; depression, anxiety and stress, assessed by the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale [DASS-21]; and quality of life, assessed by the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey [SF-12]). Descriptive analyses and a k-medoids cluster analysis were performed using the software R 3.3.0 (The R Foundation) to identify key characteristics of the sample.

RESULTS

Cluster analyses revealed four clusters: (1) younger inactive women with poor well-being (218/545), characterized by a higher score on the DASS-21, low mental component summary score on the SF-12, and relatively young age; (2) older, active women (153/545), characterized by a lower score on DASS-21, a higher overall score on the SF-12, and relatively older age; (3) young, active but stressed men (58/545) with a higher score on DASS-21 and higher activity levels; and (4) older, low active and obese men (30/545), characterized by a high body mass index and lower activity levels.

CONCLUSIONS

Understanding the characteristics of population segments attracted to a health promotion program will guide the development of cost-effective research translation campaigns.

CLINICALTRIAL

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry ACTRN12617000113358; https://www.anzctr.org .au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=371463

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPOR

RR2-10.1186/s12889-017-4882-7
Adapting the eHealth Literacy Scale for Carers of People With Chronic Diseases (eHeals-Carer) in a Sample of Greek and Cypriot Carers of People With Dementia: Reliability and Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Efthymiou Areti , Middleton Nicos , Charalambous Andreas , Papastavrou Evridiki
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND

As the population ages, many more people will be in need of long-term care. According to a recent report by Alzheimer's Disease International and the Karolinska Institute, 84% of people with dementia are cared for at home and 16% in nursing homes. Several Web-based interventions have been developed to assist the work of carers at home. Measuring the levels of electronic health (eHealth) literacy is of top priority to facilitate inclusion of this population and develop training programs to enhance eHealth literacy skills.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to adapt the eHealth Literacy Scale (eHeals) for carers of people with dementia, who speak Greek as their native language and live in Greece and Cyprus, and to test the reliability and validity of the scale for carers.

METHODS

The content validity of the eHealth Literacy Scale for Carers of People With Chronic Diseases (eHeals-Carer) was assessed with an expert panel (N=10). A descriptive study with face-to-face interviews among 101 primary carers of people with dementia was conducted. In addition to the eHeals-Carer to assess their perceived eHealth literacy, participants responded to a brief questionnaire regarding characteristics of internet use and provided sociodemographic data. The internal consistency of the tool and the construct validity via an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) were explored.

RESULTS

The Mean Item-Level Content Validity Index (CVI) and Scale-Level CVI Average was 0.93. The participants were mostly women (75.2%, 76/101), aged less than 60 years (67.3%, 68/101) with secondary education. The internal consistency was estimated at a Cronbach alpha of .83. Two factors were extracted from the EFA: information seeking questions 1 to 5 (factor 1) and evaluation questions 6 to 8 (factor 2).

CONCLUSIONS

eHeals-Carer is the first perceived eHealth literacy tool adapted for carers of people with dementia. The use of Web-based services available for carers could help them and improve the health care system in the long term. In Greece and Cyprus, there is a lack of services, and improving the digital skills of carers could provide them with the means to support themselves at home and improve care provision.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/resprot.8080
QuikLitE, a Framework for Quick Literacy Evaluation in Medicine: Development and Validation (Preprint)
Authors: Zheng Jiaping , Yu Hong
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND

A plethora of health literacy instruments was developed over the decades. They usually start with experts curating passages of text or word lists, followed by psychometric validation and revision based on test results obtained from a sample population. This process is costly and it is difficult to customize for new usage scenarios.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to develop and evaluate a framework for dynamically creating test instruments that can provide a focused assessment of patients’ health literacy.

METHODS

A health literacy framework and scoring method were extended from the vocabulary knowledge test to accommodate a wide range of item difficulties and various degrees of uncertainty in the participant’s answer. Web-based tests from Amazon Mechanical Turk users were used to assess reliability and validity.

RESULTS

Parallel forms of our tests showed high reliability (correlation=.78; 95% CI 0.69-0.85). Validity measured as correlation with an electronic health record comprehension instrument was higher (.47-.61 among 3 groups) than 2 existing tools (Short Assessment of Health Literacy-English, .38-.43; Short Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults, .34-.46). Our framework is able to distinguish higher literacy levels that are often not measured by other instruments. It is also flexible, allowing customizations to the test the designer’s focus on a particular interest in a subject matter or domain. The framework is among the fastest health literacy instrument to administer.

CONCLUSIONS

We proposed a valid and highly reliable framework to dynamically create health literacy instruments, alleviating the need to repeat a time-consuming process when a new use scenario arises. This framework can be customized to a specific need on demand and can measure skills beyond the basic level.
A Medication Synchronization Program and Blood Pressure Levels in a Community Pharmacy: Protocol (Preprint)
Authors: Pattin Anthony , Panak Rebekah L , Hunold Rebecca , Kirwen Abagail , Minnich Samantha R , Chen Tian
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND

The lack of adherence to prescribed antihypertensive medication occurs in 50% of patients and leads to poor health outcomes and increased medical costs. Consistent use of antihypertensive medications among patients with hypertension is essential to the reduction of short- and long-term cardiovascular complications. Strategies to improve medication adherence include syncing prescription medications in the pharmacy, which allow patients to retrieve chronically prescribed medications in one visit. The adoption of medication synchronization has been shown to improve adherence to medications; however, there is a lack of data showing if the intervention reduces blood pressure and improves long-term health outcomes.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to determine the association between participation in an appointment-based medication synchronization service and blood pressure levels among patients on antihypertensive medications.

METHODS

This longitudinal prospective cohort study will observe changes in blood pressure among individuals in a medication synchronization program and those in a usual care group. Patients on at least two antihypertensive medications and four total medications have been recruited to participate in the study. All participants will be required to have at least a 6-month history of filling prescriptions at the pharmacy prior to enrollment in the study. Based on an estimated standard deviation of 14 mmHg, a sample size of 70 participants provides approximately 80% power with a two-sided .05 significance to detect a difference of 9 mmHg blood pressure between the two cohorts.

RESULTS

As of the publication of this paper, patients are completing final blood pressure visits at the pharmacy and medication data are being collected from the pharmacy. Once patients complete all blood pressure visits, data analysis will begin.

CONCLUSIONS

This study will link medication synchronization and changes in blood pressure levels among individuals with hypertension. This study will provide preliminary data for a randomized clinical trial that will assess the impact of medication synchronization on blood pressure.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPOR

DERR1-10.2196/12527
Mobile Health Features Supporting Self-Management Behavior in Patients With Chronic Arthritis: Mixed-Methods Approach on Patient Preferences (Preprint)
Authors: Geuens Jonas , Geurts Luc , Swinnen Thijs W , Westhovens Rene , Vanden Abeele Vero
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND

Patients with chronic arthritis (CA) ideally apply self-management behaviors between consultations. This enduring, tedious task of keeping track of disease-related parameters, adhering to medication schemes, and engaging in physical therapy may be supported by using a mobile health (mHealth) app. However, further research is needed to determine which self-management features are valued most by adult patients with CA patients.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to determine the preference of features for an mHealth app to support self-management behavior in patients with CA. In addition, we aimed to explore the motives behind these ratings.

METHODS

A mixed-methods approach was used to gather information from 31 adult patients (14 females), aged 23 to 71 years (mean 51 [SD 12.16]), with CA. Structured interviews were conducted to gather data pertaining to preferences of app features. Interviews were analyzed qualitatively, whereas ratings for each of the 28 features studied were analyzed quantitatively.

RESULTS

In general, patients with CA favored the use of features pertaining to supporting active and direct disease management, (eg, medication intake and detecting and alarming of bad posture), helping them to keep a close watch on their disease status and inform their health care professional (eg, providing a means to log and report disease-related data) and receiving personalized information (eg, offering tailored information based on the patient’s health data). Patients strongly disliked features that provide a means of social interaction or provide incentivization for disease-related actions (eg, being able to compare yourself with other patients, cooperating toward a common goal, and receiving encouragement from friends and/or family). Driving these evaluations is the finding that every patient with CA hurts in his/her own way, the way the disease unfolds over time and manifests itself in the patient and social environment is different for every patient, and patients with CA are well aware of this.

CONCLUSIONS

We have offered an insight into how patients with CA favor mHealth features for self-management apps. The results of this research can inform the design and development of prospective self-management apps for patients with CA.
Artificial Intelligence for the Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy in Primary Care: Protocol for Algorithm Development (Preprint)
Authors: Vidal-Alaball Josep , Royo Fibla Dídac , Zapata Miguel A , Marin-Gomez Francesc X , Solans Fernandez Oscar
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most important causes of blindness worldwide, especially in developed countries. In diabetic patients, periodic examination of the back of the eye using a nonmydriatic camera has been widely demonstrated to be an effective system to control and prevent the onset of DR. Convolutional neural networks have been used to detect DR, achieving very high sensitivities and specificities.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this is paper was to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm for the detection of signs of DR in diabetic patients and to scientifically validate the algorithm to be used as a screening tool in primary care.

METHODS

Under this project, 2 studies will be conducted in a concomitant way: (1) Development of an algorithm with AI to detect signs of DR in patients with diabetes and (2) A prospective study comparing the diagnostic capacity of the AI algorithm with respect to the actual system of family physicians evaluating the images. The standard reference to compare with will be a blinded double reading conducted by retina specialists. For the development of the AI algorithm, different iterations and workouts will be performed on the same set of data. Before starting each new workout, the strategy of dividing the set date into 2 groups will be used randomly. A group with 80% of the images will be used during the training (training dataset), and the remaining 20% images will be used to validate the results (validation dataset) of each cycle (epoch). During the prospective study, true-positive, true-negative, false-positive, and false-negative values will be calculated again. From here, we will obtain the resulting confusion matrix and other indicators to measure the performance of the algorithm.

RESULTS

Cession of the images began at the end of 2018. The development of the AI algorithm is calculated to last about 3 to 4 months. Inclusion of patients in the cohort will start in early 2019 and is expected to last 3 to 4 months. Preliminary results are expected to be published by the end of 2019.

CONCLUSIONS

The study will allow the development of an algorithm based on AI that can demonstrate an equal or superior performance, and that constitutes a complement or an alternative, to the current screening of DR in diabetic patients.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPOR

PRR1-10.2196/12539
Biofeedback-Assisted Resilience Training for Traumatic and Operational Stress: Preliminary Analysis of a Self-Delivered Digital Health Methodology (Preprint)
Authors: Kizakevich Paul N , Eckhoff Randall P , Lewis Gregory F , Davila Maria I , Hourani Laurel L , Watkins Rebecca , Weimer Belinda , Wills Tracy , Morgan Jessica K , Morgan Tim , Meleth Sreelatha , Lewis Amanda , Krzyzanowski Michelle C , Ramirez Derek , Boyce Matthew , Litavecz Stephen D , Lane Marian E , Strange Laura B
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND

Psychological resilience is critical to minimize the health effects of traumatic events. Trauma may induce a chronic state of hyperarousal, resulting in problems such as anxiety, insomnia, or posttraumatic stress disorder. Mind-body practices, such as relaxation breathing and mindfulness meditation, help to reduce arousal and may reduce the likelihood of such psychological distress. To better understand resilience-building practices, we are conducting the Biofeedback-Assisted Resilience Training (BART) study to evaluate whether the practice of slow, paced breathing with or without heart rate variability biofeedback can be effectively learned via a smartphone app to enhance psychological resilience.

OBJECTIVE

Our objective was to conduct a limited, interim review of user interactions and study data on use of the BART resilience training app and demonstrate analyses of real-time sensor-streaming data.

METHODS

We developed the BART app to provide paced breathing resilience training, with or without heart rate variability biofeedback, via a self-managed 6-week protocol. The app receives streaming data from a Bluetooth-linked heart rate sensor and displays heart rate variability biofeedback to indicate movement between calmer and stressful states. To evaluate the app, a population of military personnel, veterans, and civilian first responders used the app for 6 weeks of resilience training. We analyzed app usage and heart rate variability measures during rest, cognitive stress, and paced breathing. Currently released for the BART research study, the BART app is being used to collect self-reported survey and heart rate sensor data for comparative evaluation of paced breathing relaxation training with and without heart rate variability biofeedback.

RESULTS

To date, we have analyzed the results of 328 participants who began using the BART app for 6 weeks of stress relaxation training via a self-managed protocol. Of these, 207 (63.1%) followed the app-directed procedures and completed the training regimen. Our review of adherence to protocol and app-calculated heart rate variability measures indicated that the BART app acquired high-quality data for evaluating self-managed stress relaxation training programs.

CONCLUSIONS

The BART app acquired high-quality data for studying changes in psychophysiological stress according to mind-body activity states, including conditions of rest, cognitive stress, and slow, paced breathing.
Acceptability of Mobile Health Interventions to Increase Diabetic Risk Factor Awareness Among the Commuter Population in Johannesburg: Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Fischer Alex , Chadyiwa Martha , Tshuma Ndumiso , Nkosi Vusumuzi
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND

Developing countries are experiencing a shift from infectious diseases such as HIV and tuberculosis to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as diabetes. Diabetes accounts for more disability-adjusted life years than any other NCD in South Africa, and research has identified a number of preventable risk factors; however, there is not enough evidence from lower resource settings as to how best to disseminate this information to the population. Today, 90% of the world’s population lives in mobile phone coverage areas, and this provides a unique opportunity to reach large populations with health information.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate how potential mobile health (mHealth) platforms should be paired with diabetes risk factor education so that at-risk communities are empowered with information to prevent and manage diabetes.

METHODS

A Likert-style survey was distributed to commuters in the City of Johannesburg in July 2018 that explored participants’ background characteristics as well as their knowledge and awareness surrounding diabetic risk factors (such as exercise, smoking, and hypertension) and their comfort level with various information delivery methods (such as WhatsApp, short message service, and email). The grouped variables from diabetic risk factors and information delivery methods were described with mean Likert scores and then investigated for relationships with Spearman Rho correlation coefficients.

RESULTS

Background characteristics revealed that the self-reported prevalence of diabetes was twice as high in this studied commuter population than the national average. WhatsApp was the most favorable mHealth information delivery method and had a moderate correlation coefficient with diet and nutrition (0.338; P<.001) as well as a weaker correlation with physical activity (0.243; P<.001). Although not as robust as the WhatsApp correlations, each of the other information delivery methods also showed weaker, yet statistically significant, relationships with one or more of the risk factors.

CONCLUSIONS

The elevated self-reported diabetes prevalence reinforces the need for diabetes risk factor education in the studied commuter population of Johannesburg. The most feasible mHealth intervention for diabetic risk factor education should focus on WhatsApp messaging while also offering content across other mHealth and traditional platforms to remove barriers to access and enhance the user experience. The content should emphasize diet and nutrition as well as physical activity while also incorporating information on secondary risk factors.
Mortality and healthcare costs in Medicare beneficiaries with AL amyloidosis
Authors: Quock Tiffany P , Chang Eunice , Munday Jennifer S , D'Souza Anita , Gokhale Sohum , Yan Tingjian
Published: October 2018

Aims:
Examine mortality and healthcare costs in Medicare beneficiaries with newly diagnosed immunoglobulin light chain (AL) amyloidosis.
Patients & methods:
Cases were identified in 2012–2015 Medicare 5% data with ≥1 inpatient/≥2 outpatient claims consistent with AL amyloidosis and ≥1 AL-specific treatment. Cases were matched 3:1 with disease-free controls. Descriptive statistics were reported.
Results:
 A total of 249 (33.3%) cases were matched to 747 (66.7%) controls. A total of 19.7% of cases died within 1 year of follow-up versus 5.5% of controls; 30.6 versus 11.8% died within 2 years (p < 0.001). Mean (SD) costs in 1-year of follow-up were significantly higher among cases versus controls ($71,040 [65,766] vs $13,722 [27,493]; p < 0.001).
Conclusion:
Mortality was nearly four-times higher, and costs nearly five-times higher in beneficiaries with AL amyloidosis versus controls.
Tendencias de la innovación tecnológica en Colombia 1991-2013 a partir del análisis de patentes
Authors: Gómez Hurtado Rosa Elena
Published: October 2018

Se presenta un análisis de las patentes concedidas a instituciones o inventores de origen colombiano registradas en las bases de d atos de las oficinas de patentes de Estados Unidos, Europa, WIPO, Alemania y Colombia. Se observan las tendencias de innovación tecnológica que rigen los procesos y productos en Colombia durante el periodo y se comprueba que efectivamente las patentes son indicadores de innovación tecnológica. Se evidencia que las invenciones de colombianos no son necesariamente patrocinadas por instituciones colombianas y que la figura del inventor solitario tiende a desaparecer para dar paso a las innovaciones industriales en manos de los equipos de investigación de las grandes empresas, conviertiéndose en un mecanismo de control de la producción y comercialización mundiales.
Studi Fenomenologi: Pengalaman Keluarga Matrilinial Dalam Merawat Klien Perilaku Kekerasan Di Kota Padang
Authors: Nora Rista
Published: October 2018

Clients with violent behavior desperately need the support from the family continuously both internal and external family. Reduced support from external families will cause a heavy burden for internal families in caring for clients of violent behavior. The family’s burden that has had by family sach as objective  and objective burden. This research aims to explore in depth the experience of matrilineal families in caring for clients of violent behavior Padang. This research uses qualitative method with phenomenology approach. Data were obtained by in-depth interviews of eight participants. Interview results were analyzed by Collaizi method. The results of the research were five main themes, namely the response felt by the family, the burden experienced, the support of the family, the expectation of the family and the fate. It is expected that health services and health cadres, especially community mental health cadres, can provide information to the community about mental disorders and how to subscribe, so that the stigma in the community for clients and families is reduced in the hope that clients and families can be accepted by the community

 

Klien dengan perilaku kekerasan sangat membutuhkan dukungan dari keluarga secara terus menerus baik keluarga internal maupun eksternal. Berkurang nya dukungan dari keluarga eksternal akan menimbulkan beban yang berat bagi keluarga internal dalam merawat klien perilaku kekerasan. Beban yang dialami keluarga seperti beban objektif dan sobjektif. Partisipan pada penelitian ini sebanyak delapan orang, partisipan merupakan keluarga inti dan bersuku minang. Penelitian ini bertujuan  untuk mengeksplorasi secara mendalam tentang pengalaman keluarga matrilinial dalam merawat klien perilaku kekerasan di kota Padang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Data didapatkan dengan wawancara mendalam terhadap delapan partisipan. Hasil wawancara dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode Collaizi. Hasil penelitian yaitu terdapat lima utama tema yaitu respon yang dirasakan keluarga, beban yang dialami, dukungan keluarga, harapan keluarga dan kepasrahan menerima kondisi pasien. Diharapkan kepada pelayanan kesehatan dan kader kesehatan khususnya kader kesehatan jiwa komunitas agar dapat memberikan informasi kepada masyarakat tentang gangguan jiwa dan cara penanggannya, sehingga stigma dimasyarakat untuk klien dan keluarga berkurang dengan harapan klien dan keluarga bisa diterima ditengan masyarakat
Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Tentang Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga (KDRT) Terhadap Pengetahuan Keluarga Tentang KDRT
Authors: Fatmawati Tina Yuli , Sari Mila Triana
Published: October 2018

Approximately 10-50% of women have experienced domestic violence, such as being hit or hurt by their partners followed by psychological aberrations. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of health education on domestic violence (KDRT) on family knowledge about domestic violence. This research is a quantitative research with pre experimental design with one group pre and post test design approach. The samples is 20 respondents. Sampling technique is purposive sampling. Data obtained by interview using questioner and univariate and bivariate analyzed by paried t-test. The result of the research from 20 respondents got the knowledge of the family before the health education as much as 6 respondents (30%) have poor knowledge and as many as 14 respondents (70%) have good knowledge, after health education as many as 20 respondents (100%) have knowledge the good one. The result of statistical test obtained (p-value = 0,000 <0,05) means that there is influence of health education about domestic violence (KDRT) to family knowledge about domestic violence (CID) in Lebak Bandung .

 

Sekitar 10-50% wanita pernah mengalami kejadian kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, seperti dipukul atau disakiti oleh pasangannya yang diikuti oleh penyimpangan secara psikologis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan tentang kekerasan dalam rumah tangga (KDRT) terhadap pengetahuan keluarga tentang KDRT. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain pra eksperimen dengan pendekatan one group pra dan post test design. Jumlah sampel yaitu 20 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah purposive sampling. Data diperoleh dengan cara wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat dengan uji paried t-test. Hasil penelitian dari 20 responden didapat pengetahuan keluarga sebelum dilakukan pendidikan kesehatan sebanyak 6 responden (30%) memiliki pengetahuan yang kurang  baik dan sebanyak 14 responden (70%) memiliki pengetahuan yang baik, sesudah dilakukan pendidikan kesehatan sebanyak 20 responden (100%) memiliki pengetahuan yang baik. Hasil uji statistik didapat      (p-value = 0,000 < 0,05) artinya ada pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan tentang kekerasan dalam rumah tangga (KDRT) terhadap pengetahuan keluarga tentang kekerasan dalam rumah tangga (KDRT) di kelurahan Lebak Bandung.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Wanita Terhadap Pemeriksaan Papsmear Di Wilayah Puskesmas Garuda Kota Pekanbaru
Authors: Heryani Reni
Published: October 2018

The incidence of cervical cancer incidence is highest compared to other types of cancer based on data from the Cancer Registration Agency of Indonesian Pathologist Association (IAPI), cervical cancer ranked first (17.2 %), followed by breast cancer (12.2 %). Not yet known exactly what causes of uterine cevical cancer, allegedly due to a virus that is called human papiloma virus (HPV). The purpose of this relationship of women knowledge of pap smear exaination in the work area of puskesmas Garuda Pekanbaru. The type of research used is analytical design with cross sectional design. The population of this research is women aged 30-34 years totaling 66 people using total sampling. From the data can be obtained that the respondents have less knowledge about the implementation of pap smear examination that is equal to 50.9 %. The result of research with statistic chi square showed that there was a significant correlation between mother knowledge about pap smear with pap smear examination, where p < 0,05 (p = 0,000). As for that can be submitted to health officer more increase again give information and counseling about pap smear to mothers to increase mother konowledge about importance of pap smear for women reproduction health.

 

Insidens kejadian kanker leher rahim paling tinggi dibandingkan jenis kanker lainnya. Berdasarkan data dari Badan Registrasi Kanker Ikatan Dokter Ahli Patologi Indonesia (IAPI), kanker leher rahim menduduki peringkat pertama (17,2%), diikuti kanker payudara (12,2%). Belum diketahui dengan pasti apa penyebab  kanker serviks uterus, diduga kuat akibat virus yang bernama Human Papiloma Virus (HPV). Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Hubungan Pengetahuan Wanita Terhadap Pemeriksaan Pap Smear Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Garuda Pekanbaru. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah  Deskritif Analitik dengan rancangan “Cross Sectional“.  Populasi  pada penelitian ini adalah wanita usia 30-34 tahun  berjumlah 66 orang dengan menggunakan Total Sampling. Dari data dapat diperoleh bahwa responden  mempunyai pengetahuan yang kurang  tentang pelaksanaan pemeriksaan pap smear yaitu sebesar 50,9 %. Hasil penelitian dengan uji statistic chi square menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan ibu tentang pap smear dengan pelaksanaan pemeriksaan pap smear, dimana p < 0,05 (p = 0,000). Adapun yang dapat disimpulankan kepada petugas kesehatan lebih meningkatkan lagi memberikan informasi serta penyuluhan mengenai pap smear kepada ibu-ibu agar menambah pengetahuan ibu terhadap pentingnya pemeriksaan pap smear  bagi  kesehatan reproduksi wanita. 
Determinan Kejadian Ca Mammae Di Poli Rawat Jalan Bedah Rsud Dr. Achmad Mochtar
Authors: Sulung Neila , Yananda Rizki , Adriani Adriani
Published: October 2018

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In Indonesia every year 1: 3 women per 1000 population are affected by breast cancer. Breast cancer is a cancer that attacks most women. The incidence of breast cancer is currently estimated at 39 per 100,000 population in 2008. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with the risk of female breast cancer in surgical outpatient poly patients at Dr. Achmad Mochtar, Bukittinggi City. This study uses descriptive analytic method with a case control approach. The sampling technique in this study was accidental sampling. The sample in this study were all women diagnosed with breast cancer, amounting to 50 cases and 50 controls with data processing through computerization. The instrument used in this study is a questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using Chi-Square test (α = 0.05). The results showed that the factors associated with the incidence of breast cancer were genetic (p = 0.009), menarche (p = 0.014), menopause (p = 0.016), hormonal contraception (p = 0,045), obesity (p = 0,043), and high food fat (p = 0.028).  Conclusions of the study are factors related to the risk of breast cancer incidence are genetic, menarche, menopause, hormonal contraception, obesity and high-fat foods.

Penyakit kanker merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian utama di seluruh dunia. Di Indonesia setiap tahun 1:3 wanita per 1000 penduduk terserang kanker payudara. Kanker payudara merupakan kanker yang paling banyak menyerang perempuan. Angka kejadian kanker payudara saat ini diperkirakan 39 per 100.000 penduduk pada tahun 2008. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan risiko kanker payudara wanita pada pasien poli rawat jalan bedah di RSUD Dr. Achmad Mochtar Kota Bukittinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan case control. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah accidental sampling. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah semua wanita yang terdiagnosis kanker payudara, berjumlah 50 kasus dan 50 kontrol dengan pengolahan data melalui komputerisasi. Instrument yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar kuisioner. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji Chi-Square (α=0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian kanker payudara adalah genetik (p=0,009), menarche (p=0,014;), menopause (p=0,016), kontrasepsi hormonal (p=0,045), obesitas (p=0,043), dan makanan tinggi lemak (p=0,028). Simpulan penelitian adalah faktor yang berhubungan dengan risiko kejadian kanker payudara adalah genetik, menarche, menopause, kontrasepsi hormonal, obesitas dan makanan tinggi lemak.
Comprensión de textos expositivos académicos en e-book Reader y en papel: influencia del conocimiento previo de dominio y la aptitud verbal
Authors: Piovano Silvia , Irrazabal Natalia , Burin Débora I.
Published: October 2018

En un estudio del que participaron 102 estudiantes universitarios, se comparó la comprensión en la lectura de textos expositivos académicos impresos versus en formato de e-book Reader. Se examinaron los efectos del soporte, del conocimiento específico de dominio previo del lector y la aptitud verbal. Asimismo se indagaron las actitudes de los estudiantes hacia los soportes textuales antes y después de la experiencia. Los resultados sugieren que el e-book Reader beneficiaría a los lectores competentes, y/o que podría promover mayor actividad metacognitiva en los procesos de comprensión. Asimismo, las opiniones hacia el e-book Reader cambiaron después de la experiencia, aunque los juicios de autoevaluación evidenciaron que se sigue prefiriendo el formato impreso.
Niveles de depresión y factores sociodemográficos en pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica en tratamiento de hemodiálisis en Perú
Authors: Vallejos Saldarriaga José Francisco , Ortega Reyna Eris Zoila
Published: October 2018

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo describir los niveles de depresión en una población de pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica en tratamiento de hemodiálisis, con el fin de evaluar si existen diferencias significativas de acuerdo a factores sociodemográficos y tiempo de hemodiálisis. El estudio es descriptivo-comparativo, el instrumento aplicado fue el inventario de depresión de Beck. La muestra estuvo formada por 503 pacientes de la ciudad de Lima y del interior del país Los resultados muestran que el nivel de depresión predominante es el leve (48.9%), que a mayor rango de edad y menor grado de instrucción la tendencia a presentar depresión es mayor; de acuerdo al sexo los pacientes con mayor tendencia a la depresión son los varones e igualmente los viudos y divorciados; de acuerdo al tiempo de diálisis la tendencia a aumentar la depresión es conforme aumenta el tiempo de diálisis. Se concluye que los niveles de depresión tienden a presentarse de forma significativa de acuerdo a los factores sociodemográficos (p < 0.00).
Buber y la filosofía del diálogo: Apuntes para pensar la comunicación dialógica
Authors: Romeu Vivian
Published: October 2018

En este texto se exploran las aportaciones de la filosofía dialógica de Buber a los estudios sobre la comunicación. Se parte de su teoría personalista, basada en la confianza, el respeto, el reconocimiento del otro en su esencia de persona y en su decir, para proponer la clave de esta interpretación. De ello deriva un esbozo de conceptualización acerca de la comunicación dialógica, con el fin de perfilar una reflexión sobre la teleología de la comunicación.
Imagem, Retórica e História da Arte em Pinóquio, de Walt Disney Pictures
Authors: Beloto Cabral Luis Fernando , Aguilera Yanet
Published: October 2018

O texto propõe uma reflexão sobre os filmes de animação dos estúdios Disney, a partir da análise do longa-metragem Pinóquio (Pinocchio), originalmente lançado em 1940 e dirigido por Ben Sharpsteen e Hamilton Luske. O artigo orienta-se principalmente pela leitura das imagens do filme, com o objetivo de interpretar o estilo gráfico dos desenhos da Disney e os repertórios iconográficos e imagéticos referenciados pelas animações. O texto termina com uma reflexão sobre a relação dos desenhos da Disney com a tradição narrativa hollywoodiana e seu efetivo valor como produção de caricaturas e encenações.
La programación cultural de los medios comunitarios: El caso de Radio Almaina
Authors: De la Torre Espinosa Mario
Published: October 2018

Los medios de comunicación generalistas reproducen discursos hegemónicos que no siempre reflejan la diversidad social y cultural. Ante este panorama, los medios comunitarios ofrecen un espacio de resistencia en el que la cultura se convierte en un importante activo. Este artículo se centra en la radio comunitaria en España y se propone explorar el lugar que se otorga a la programación cultural y cómo esta ayuda a alcanzar los objetivos propios de este tipo de medios. Se toma como caso de estudio la Radio Almaina, surgida en 2011 en el seno de una coyuntura social signada por el movimiento 15-M. Tras revisar la programación de la emisora, se procedió a un análisis de los contenidos culturales hallados en tres programas. En ellos se revela una apuesta por la diversidad de contenidos, así como posicionamientos ideológicos contestatarios o lógicas que rompen con los esquemas tradicionales. Se concluye que experiencias como la de Radio Almaina contribuyen a consolidar el tercer sector de la comunicación, que en España aún carece de una regulación gubernamental que le otorgue reconocimiento pleno.
O QUE É CIÊNCIA? CONCEPÇÕES DE LICENCIANDOS EM CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS
Authors: Baccin Bruna Ambros , Coutinho Renato Xavier
Published: October 2018

Neste trabalho apresentamos os resultados de uma pesquisa que procurou identificar as concepções de Licenciandos em Ciências Biológicas sobre ciência, a fim de analisar se estas se aproximam ou se afastam do pensamento dos autores e pesquisadores da área. Neste sentido, objetivou-se despertar nos envolvidos neste projeto, a curiosidade e a inquietação de estudar e pesquisar temas que estão interligados. Foram consultados os Licenciandos do Curso de Ciências Biológicas de uma instituição pública do RS, por meio de um questionário, onde eles apresentaram suas contribuições a respeito do tema. A partir dos resultados verificou-se que os mesmos possuem uma compreensão restrita com relação ao assunto, visto que tiveram dificuldade de associar ciência com situações do cotidiano.  Tal fato pode estar relacionado à falta de discussões e leitura que possam promover a aprendizagem de questões epistemológicas e sociocientíficas.
Reflexões sobre o Espaço, o Urbano e a Urbanização
Authors: Limonad Ester
Published: October 2018

Resumo Trata-se de discutir se a urbanização é passível de ser compreendida como parte do processo geral de estruturação da sociedade e do território. Um processo onde as desigualdades sociais e espaciais conjugadas à mobilidade espacial e setorial do trabalho contribuem para alterar o território. Este processo que cria fixos e fluxos tem uma resultante espacial em duas escalas: a cidade, na escala dos lugares; e a rede urbana, enquanto a manifestação espacial da cooperação entre lugares, na escala territorial. Isto não significa dizer que a urbanização em si é um determinante maior ou menor, mas um produto de práticas socais que interage com outros fatores na construção do espaço social além das cidades. Palavras-chave: urbanização, reprodução espacial, reestruturação. Abstract Our goal is to argue whether the urbanisation could be understood as a part of society and territory general structuring process. A process where the social and spatial inequalities articulated to spatial and sectorial mobility of labor contribute to transform the territory. This process that creates fix and flows has an spatial outcome in two scales: the city at the place scale and the urban network, as a spatial manifestation of the cooperation among places, at the territorial scale. Not meaning that urbanization by itself is a major or minor determinant, but a social practices product, which interacts with other factors on the construction of social space beyond the cities. Keywords: urbanization, space reproduction, restructuring.
Espaço, Tempo e Modernidade
Authors: Hansen Gilvan Luiz
Published: October 2018

Resumo Este artigo é uma discussão introdutória acerca da importância das concepções de espaço e tempo na modernidade. O objetivo deste texto é enfatizar os aspectos teóricos e práticos dos conceitos de espaço e tempo, mediante a apresentação de três perspectivas de interpretação desta questão na filosofia desenvolvida na modernidade. Palavras-chave: Modernidade, Espaço, Tempo, Filosofia Moderna, J. Habermas.Abstract This article is an introductory debate about the importance of space and time conceptions in modernity. The objective from this text is emphasize the theoretical and practical aspects of space and time concepts, by presentation of three interpretation perspectives of this question in the philosophy developed in modernity. Keywords: Modernity, Space, Time, Modern Philosophy, J. Habermas.
Considerações sobre a Organização da Produção Leiteira no Espaço Agrário Brasileiro
Authors: Binsztok Jacob
Published: October 2018

Resumo O trabalho investiga as tendências nacionais e regionais da produção leiteira no país. Segundo os dados censitários, nas últimas décadas, a produção manteve um constante crescimento, estando estimado atualmente em 20 bilhões de litros anuais. O caso do MERCOSUL, propagado como principal inimigo da produção brasileira, parece não se confirmar integralmente, pois a produção argenti-na atuaria como complemento no crescimento da produção leiteira no país. A nível regional registramos aumento e concentração da produção no Centro Sul e descenso no Nordeste do país. Palavras-chaves: Produção de Leite, Espaço Agrário.Abstract The work investigates both national and regional tendencies of the milk production in Brazil. According per census data, the production kept a constant increase in the last decade being esti-mated at 20 billions of liters per year. The MERCOSUL protection, reported as the main enemy of the Brazilian production, seems not totally confirmed as the Argentinian products act as a complement not restricting the growth of the milk production in the country. At a regional level we could register an increase and concentration of the production on the Center-South and a decrease in Northeast of the country. Keywords: Milk Production, Agrarian Space.