bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel Transgastric Endoluminal Segmental Esophagectomy and Primary Anastomosis Technique: A Hybrid Transgastric Thoracoscopic Esophagectomy for the Treatment of High Grade Dysplasia and Early Esophageal Cancer in a Porcine Ex vivo Model
Authors: Kvasha Anton , Khalifa Muhammad , Biswas Seema , Farraj Moaad , Bramnik Zakhar , Waksman Igor
Published: July 2021

Multiple modalities are currently employed in the treatment of high grade dysplasia and early esophageal carcinoma. While they are the subject of ongoing investigation, surgery remains the definitive modality for oncological resection. Esophagectomy, however, is traditionally a challenging surgical procedure and carries a significant incidence of morbidity and mortality. Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) are considerably less invasive alternatives to esophagectomy in the diagnosis and treatment of high grade dysplasia, early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. However, many early esophageal cancer patients, with favorable histology, who could benefit from endoscopic resection, are referred for formal esophagectomy due to lesion characteristics such as unfavorable lesion morphology or recurrence after previous endoscopic resection. In this study we present a novel, hybrid thoracoscopic transgastric endoluminal segmental esophagectomy with primary anastomosis for the potential treatment of high grade dysplasia and early esophageal cancer in a porcineex vivomodel as a proposed bridge between endoscopic resection and the relatively high mortality and morbidity formal esophagectomy procedure. The novel technique consists of thoracoscopic esophageal mobilization in addition to transgastric endoluminal segmental esophagectomy and anastomosis utilizing a standard circular stapler. The technique was found feasible in all experimental subjects. The minimally invasive nature of this novel procedure as well as the utility of basic surgical equipment and surgical skill is an important attribute of this method and can potentially make it a treatment option for many patients who would otherwise be referred for a formal esophagectomy.
A Comparison Between Body Weight-Supported Treadmill Training and Conventional Over-Ground Training in Dogs With Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Martins Ângela , Gouveia Débora , Cardoso Ana , Viegas Inês , Gamboa Óscar , Ferreira António
Published: July 2021

In human medicine there was no evidence registered of a significant difference in recovery between body weight-supported treadmill training (BWSTT) and conventional over-ground (COGI). There isn't any similar study in veterinary medicine. Thus, this study aimed to compare the locomotor recovery obtained in incomplete SCI (T11–L3 Hansen type I) post-surgical dogs following BWSTT or COGI protocols, describing their evolution during 7 weeks in regard to OFS classifications. At admission, dogs were blindly randomized in two groups but all were subjected to the same protocol (underwater treadmill training) for the first 2 weeks. After, they were divided in the BWSTT group (n = 10) and the COGI group (n = 10) for the next 2 weeks, where they performed different training. In both groups locomotor training was accompanied by functional electrical stimulation (FES) protocols. Results reported statistically significant differences between all OFS evaluations time-points (p < 0.001) and between the two groups (p < 0.001). In particular with focus on T1 to T3 a two-way repeated measures ANOVA was performed and similar results were obtained (p = 0.007). Functional recovery was achieved in 90% (17/19) of all dogs and 100% recovered bladder function. The BWSTT group showed 100% (10/10) recovery within a mean time of 4.6 weeks, while the COGI group had 78% (7/9) within 6.1 weeks. Therefore, BWSTT leads to a faster recovery with a better outcome in general.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains of Potential Use as Feed Additives - The Basic Safety and Usefulness Criterion
Authors: Stefańska Ilona , Kwiecień Ewelina , Jóźwiak-Piasecka Katarzyna , Garbowska Monika , Binek Marian , Rzewuska Magdalena
Published: July 2021

The spread of resistance to antibiotics is a major health concern worldwide due to the increasing rate of isolation of multidrug resistant pathogens hampering the treatment of infections. The food chain has been recognized as one of the key routes of antibiotic resistant bacteria transmission between animals and humans. Considering that lactic acid bacteria (LAB) could act as a reservoir of transferable antibiotic resistance genes, LAB strains intended to be used as feed additives should be monitored for their safety. Sixty-five LAB strains which might be potentially used as probiotic feed additives or silage inoculants, were assessed for susceptibility to eight clinically relevant antimicrobials by a minimum inhibitory concentration determination. Among antimicrobial resistant strains, a prevalence of selected genes associated with the acquired resistance was investigated. Nineteen LAB strains displayed phenotypic resistance to one antibiotic, and 15 strains were resistant to more than one of the tested antibiotics. The resistance to aminoglycosides and tetracyclines were the most prevalent and were found in 37 and 26% of the studied strains, respectively. Phenotypic resistance to other antimicrobials was found in single strains. Determinants related to resistance phenotypes were detected in 15 strains as follows, the aph(3″)-IIIa gene in 9 strains, the lnu(A) gene in three strains, the str(A)-str(B), erm(B), msr(C), and tet(M) genes in two strains and the tet(K) gene in one strain. The nucleotide sequences of the detected genes revealed homology to the sequences of the transmissible resistance genes found in lactic acid bacteria as well as pathogenic bacteria. Our study highlights that LAB may be a reservoir of antimicrobial resistance determinants, thus, the first and key step in considering the usefulness of LAB strains as feed additives should be an assessment of their antibiotic resistance. This safety criterion should always precede more complex studies, such as an assessment of adaptability of a strain or its beneficial effect on a host. These results would help in the selection of the best LAB strains for use as feed additives. Importantly, presented data can be useful for revising the current microbiological cut-off values within the genus Lactobacillus and Pediococcus.
Tartamudez, trauma y bloqueo
Authors: Gómez Holgado Francisco
Published: July 2021

En el presente texto se trata de establecer una hipótesis que categorice a la tartamudez, no sólo como un trastorno de la comunicación, si no, además, como un fenómeno biopsicosocial de naturaleza traumática. Superando, por tanto, una visión biomédica de la disfemia y trascendiendo a la entidad nosológica del Trastorno por Estrés Postraumático (TEPT), se conceptualizará a la tartamudez como un conflicto entre partes y, en particular, el bloqueo, como un flashback o reexperimentación de la vivencia traumática como memoria somática e implícita. La neuropsicología de la tartamudez y la teoría de la disociación estructural servirán como herramientas para moldear esta hipótesis que atribuye a la disfemia un núcleo psicopatológico de naturaleza postraumática y disociativa. Por último, se sugerirán líneas de intervención desde una perspectiva integradora, para llevar a cabo un tratamiento psicoterapéutico que tenga como foco de trabajo el reconocimiento y la comunicación entre partes y el objetivo final de la integración, por encima de la fluidez verbal.
Eficacia de la hipnosis clínica en los Trastornos Neurológicos Funcionales: Experiencia en una serie consecutiva de 50 pacientes
Authors: Gironell Alexandre , Ripol Puig Aina , Juan Linares Eva , Camino Vallhonrat Agustí , Ribosa Roser , Muñoz Marc , Marconi Giulia , Tuccillo Raffaelle , Roig Albert , Badosa Juan Manuel , Feixas Viaplana Guillem
Published: July 2021

ANTECEDENTES Y OBJETIVO

Los trastornos neurológicos funcionales (TNF)  son una causa relativamente frecuente de discapacidad neurológica. La hipnosis sigue procesos cerebrales similares a los TNF y puede tener utilidad terapéutica en esta entidad.

Aportamos nuestra experiencia de tratamiento con hipnosis clínica de 50 pacientes consecutivos con TNF.

MATERIALES Y METODOS

Estudio abierto de 50 pacientes consecutivos con TNF. Se utiliza el método de hipnosis desarrollado por Loriedo que incluye una evaluación neuropsiquiátrica previa, una exploración de recursos del paciente y de una a tres sesiones de hipnosis. Los pacientes son evaluados mediante la escala de impresión clínica global: basal , +1 mes y +12 meses.

RESULTADOS

En la valoración +1 mes del tratamiento, el 60% de los pacientes presentaron una mejora de los síntomas (p < 0.001) (25% recuperación ad integrum). Esta mejora persiste y se amplifica a los 12 meses, el 68% de pacientes mejoraron (p < 0.001) (40% recuperación ad integrum). No se observaron efectos adversos.

No se halló una correlación significativa de respuesta al tratamiento a los 12 meses en las variables edad (p = 0.409) ni en el tiempo de evolución (p = 0.154). A pesar de una mejor respuesta en el sexo femenino, la relación no fue significativa (p = 0.198).

CONCLUSIONES

Nuestro estudio abierto preliminar muestra que la hipnosis clínica puede ser una buena alternativa terapéutica en pacientes con TNF y debería formar parte del tratamiento multidisciplinar de esta entidad. Nuevos estudios controlados son necesarios para confirmar estos hallazgos.
Retraimiento Relacional, Sintonía con el Silencio
Authors: Erskine Richard G. , Pérez Burgos Angela
Published: July 2021

Este artículo describe los métodos de psicoterapia que resultaron efectivos con una cliente que inconscientemente recurría al proceso esquizoide de escisión del self. Se abordan los escritos de Harry Guntrip sobre el "compromiso esquizoide" y las descripciones de Donald Winnicott del verdadero y falso self. Se presentan conceptos alternativos —el yo vital y vulnerable y el yo social—junto con los métodos de retraimiento con apoyo y la descripción terapéutica.
Erase una vez… Una revista
Authors: Casado Esquius Lluís
Published: July 2021

El presente número de Revista de Psicoterapia conmemora su 40 aniversario. En 1981 aparece la Revista de Psiquiatría y Psicología Humanista que en 1990 se transformará en la actual Revista de Psicoterapia. En este artículo se recuerdan los inicios de la revista enmarcándolos en un momento histórico y un contexto profesional y académico. La aparición de la revista, su desarrollo durante la década de los años ochenta y su transformación en Revista de Psicoterapia se consideran una fidedigna representación de la evolución de la psicología y la psicoterapia en nuestro país.
Procesos de reactivación y reconsolidación de las memorias implícitas: Interacción entre Neurociencias y Psicoterapias
Authors: Fernández-Puig Victoria , Farriols Núria , Segura Jordi
Published: July 2021

En las últimas décadas, la interacción entre las neurociencias y las psicoterapias ha contribuido al avance de ambas: La visión objetiva y empírica de las primeras y la visión interpersonal y subjetiva de las segundas se complementan. De importancia primordial para ambas es el estudio de los procesos implícitos y afectivo-relacionales. Las memorias implícitas reflejan patrones inconscientes de aprendizaje situados en regiones subcorticales inaccesibles a la consciencia. Las investigaciones muestran que, cuando una memoria a largo plazo es evocada y reactivada, sus sinapsis entran en un estado lábil, donde puede ser modificadas a nivel molecular. Para que se produzca la reconsolidación es necesario que se yuxtaponga una experiencia vívida que sea discrepante respecto de la memoria desestabilizada. De esta forma, queda modificada de forma permanente en la misma red neuronal. Estos procesos están en la base de intervenciones de diversas psicoterapias. En ellas se reactiva la memoria implícita que subyace a la producción del síntoma y, a partir de allí, se genera el encuentro con una experiencia discrepante. Cuanto más consciente y explícita es la reactivación de la memoria implícita, mayor es la capacidad de modificarla en la reconsolidación. En este proceso, la persona experimenta directamente el sentido profundo subyacente y la verdad emocional del síntoma. En el contexto del vínculo seguro con el terapeuta, la reactivación emocional subjetiva y los correlatos neurológicos se conforman para promover experiencias nuevas y más adaptativas.
A Comparative Study of Block Incomplete Sparse Approximate Inverses Preconditioning on Tesla K20 and V100 GPUs
Authors: Ma Wenpeng , Yuan Wu , Liu Xiazhen
Published: July 2021

Incomplete Sparse Approximate Inverses (ISAI) has shown some advantages over sparse triangular solves on GPUs when it is used for the incomplete LU based preconditioner. In this paper, we extend the single GPU method for Block–ISAI to multiple GPUs algorithm by coupling Block–Jacobi preconditioner, and introduce the detailed implementation in the open source numerical package PETSc. In the experiments, two representative cases are performed and a comparative study of Block–ISAI on up to four GPUs are conducted on two major generations of NVIDIA’s GPUs (Tesla K20 and Tesla V100). Block–Jacobi preconditioning with Block–ISAI (BJPB-ISAI) shows an advantage over the level-scheduling based triangular solves from the cuSPARSE library for the cases, and the overhead of setting up Block–ISAI and the total wall clock times of GMRES is greatly reduced using Tesla V100 GPUs compared to Tesla K20 GPUs.
Using Simple Sequence Repeats in 9 Brassica Complex Species to Assess Hypertrophic Curd Induction
Authors: Treccarichi Simone , Di Gaetano Cornelia , Di Stefano Fulvio , Gasparini Mauro , Branca Ferdinando
Published: July 2021

Five Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs) were used to assess the relationship between inflorescence characteristics and their allelic variation in 53 Brassica oleracea and Brassica wild relatives (n = 9). Curd morphometric traits, such as weight (CW), height (CH), diameter (CD1), shape (CS) inflorescence curvature angle (CA), and its curd stem diameter (CD2), were measured. The aim of the work was to analyze the relationships among the allelic patterns of the SSRs primers utilized, and their status of homo or heterozygosity registered at each locus, as well as the inflorescence morphometric traits in order to individuate genomic regions stimulating the hypertrophy of this reproductive organ. The relationships found explain the diversity among B. oleracea complex species (n = 9) for the inflorescence size and structure, allowing important time reduction during the breeding process by crossing wild species, transferring useful resistance, and organoleptic and nutraceutical traits. The five SSRs loci were BoABI1, BoAP1, BoPLD1, BoTHL1, and PBCGSSRBo39. According to the allelic variation ascertained, we evaluated the heterozygosity index (H) for each SSR above cited. The results showed a significant interaction between the H index of the BoPLD1 gene and the inflorescence characteristics, summarized by the First Principal Component (PC1) (p-value = 0.0244); we ascertained a negative correlation between the H index and inflorescence characteristics, namely CW, CH, CD1, CD2, CA. The homozygosity BoPLD1 alelles, indicated by the H index, affect the inflorescence characteristics and broccoli and cauliflower yields.
Enhancing Soil Nitrogen Availability and Rice Growth by Using Urea Fertilizer Amended with Rice Straw Biochar
Authors: Selvarajh Gunavathy , Ch’ng Huck Ywih
Published: July 2021

Urea fertilizer as a nitrogen source is used widely and globally. However, N loss through ammonia volatilization from applied urea has become a major drawback to agriculture. A pot experiment was conducted to determine the effect of rice straw biochar on (1) total N, soil exchangeable NH4+, and available NO3− (2) uptake of N, P, and K in rice plants. The treatments evaluated were: (S: Soil only, U: soil + 175 kg ha−1 urea, B1: soil + 175 kg ha−1 urea + 5 t ha−1 rice straw biochar, B2: soil + 175 kg ha−1 urea + 10 t ha−1 rice straw biochar, CB1: 50% soil + 50% commercial biochar potting media and CB2: 100% commercial biochar potting media). The addition of rice straw biochar at 5–10 t ha−1 in the pot experiment significantly increased the soil total N availability by 33.33–46.67%. Treatments B1 and B2 also had significantly increased exchangeable NH4+, NO3−, P, and K in the soil over U. The soil availability nutrients increment in soil was attributed to the higher adsorption capacity of the rice straw biochar. Increment in soil nutrient availability such as N, P, and K increased the plant height, tiller number, greenness, and panicle number because of effective rice plant absorption. This resulted in dry matter production increment in line with plant nutrient uptake and use efficiency. Rice straw biochar at 5–10 t ha−1 can improve the productivity of rice plants by increasing N retention in soil.
Zoo Visitor Attitudes Are More Influenced by Animal Behaviour than Environmental Enrichment Appearance
Authors: Salas Marina , Laméris Daan W. , Depoortere Arno , Plessers Lise , Verspeek Jonas
Published: July 2021

Decisions on environmental enrichment programmes are sometimes based on the assumption that non-natural or artificial looking items negatively affect visitor experiences. In this study, we developed a questionnaire to assess zoo visitor attitudes towards enrichment appearance in an outdoor walk-through enclosure for ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta). Naturalistic and artificial looking enrichment items were alternately provided in the enclosure. A total of 371 visitors filled out the questionnaire: 174 in the naturalistic and 197 in the artificial conditions. Both researchers and visitors conducted behavioural observations of the lemurs. Our results suggest that the appearance of the items did not have an effect on visitor attitudes and that visitors recognised both naturalistic and artificial items as enriching for the animals. Moreover, the behaviour and visibility of the lemurs had a greater effect on the visitors’ attitudes. We suggest that during the design of enrichment items, less concern should be placed on the appearance of the items and more on their effect on animal behaviour. Ultimately, this would improve both animal welfare in captivity and the visitor experience.
Expert Perspectives on the Performance of Explosive Detection Canines: Operational Requirements
Authors: Farr Brian D. , Otto Cynthia M. , Szymczak Julia E.
Published: July 2021

Explosive detection canines (EDC) play an important role in protecting people and property. The utilization of and research on EDCs is often based on personal experience or incomplete knowledge. EDC practitioners (handlers, trainers, and leaders) possess the institutional knowledge necessary to understand EDC operational requirements. This study utilized a qualitative approach with semi-structured interviews of EDC experts (n = 17) from across the employment spectrum. The interviews elicited EDC expert perceptions of the performance of the EDC team and the operational requirements in the physical, climate, operational, and explosive odor environments. Analysis of the data revealed commonalities across all EDCs and utilization-specific differences. To be effective, the EDC team must function well on both ends of the leash, and the handler likely has the greatest impact on the EDC’s performance. Common requirements include expectations to perform at a high level in a variety of manmade and natural physical environments and under a range of climate conditions. EDCs must work through the visual, olfactory, and auditory challenges of the operational environment and the countermeasure efforts of those utilizing explosive devices. Utilization-specific differences like patrol or assault training and utilization add additional requirements for some EDCs. The results of this study can be used to inform EDC selection, training, assessment, and deployment, and further research into EDC performance.
Changes in the Pulmonary Artery Wave Reflection in Dogs with Experimentally-Induced Acute Pulmonary Embolism and the Effect of Vasodilator
Authors: Yoshida Tomohiko , Mandour Ahmed S. , Matsuura Katsuhiro , Shimada Kazumi , El-Husseiny Hussein M. , Hamabe Lina , Yilmaz Zeki , Uemura Akiko , Tanaka Ryou
Published: July 2021

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a complex syndrome that has been frequently diagnosed in dogs and humans and can be detected by Doppler echocardiography and invasive catheterization. Recently, PAWR attracts much attention as a noninvasive approach for the early detection of PH. The present study aims to investigate the PAWR changes in acute pulmonary embolism (APE) and highlight the response of PAWR variables to vasodilator therapy in dogs. For this purpose, anesthesia and catheterization were performed in 6 Beagle dogs. After that, APE was experimentally conducted by Dextran microsphere administration, followed by vasodilator (Nitroprusside; 1μg/kg/min/IV) administration. The hemodynamics, echocardiography, PVR and PAWR variables were evaluated at the baseline, after APE and after administration of nitroprusside. The result showed a significant increase in PVR, PAP, tricuspid regurgitation (TR) as well as PAWR variables following APE induction compared with the baseline (p < 0.05). Vasodilation caused by administration of nitroprusside reduced the mean atrial pressure, PVR and PAWR parameters. There were a significant correlation and linear regression between PAWR indices and PVR as well as right ventricular function parameters. In conclusion, PAWR is not only correlated with PVR but also the right ventricular function parameter, which indicates that PAWR may be useful as a new evaluation method in PH, considering that PAWR can assess both right ventricular afterload and right ventricular function.
Biosynthesis, Quantification and Genetic Diseases of the Smallest Signaling Thiol Metabolite: Hydrogen Sulfide
Authors: Myszkowska Joanna , Derevenkov Ilia , Makarov Sergei V. , Spiekerkoetter Ute , Hannibal Luciana
Published: July 2021

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gasotransmitter and the smallest signaling thiol metabolite with important roles in human health. The turnover of H2S in humans is mainly governed by enzymes of sulfur amino acid metabolism and also by the microbiome. As is the case with other small signaling molecules, disease-promoting effects of H2S largely depend on its concentration and compartmentalization. Genetic defects that impair the biogenesis and catabolism of H2S have been described; however, a gap in knowledge remains concerning physiological steady-state concentrations of H2S and their direct clinical implications. The small size and considerable reactivity of H2S renders its quantification in biological samples an experimental challenge. A compilation of methods currently employed to quantify H2S in biological specimens is provided in this review. Substantial discrepancy exists in the concentrations of H2S determined by different techniques. Available methodologies permit end-point measurement of H2S concentration, yet no definitive protocol exists for the continuous, real-time measurement of H2S produced by its enzymatic sources. We present a summary of available animal models, monogenic diseases that impair H2S metabolism in humans including structure-function relationships of pathogenic mutations, and discuss possible approaches to overcome current limitations of study.
Fitmix: An R Package for Mixture Modeling of the Budding Yeast S. cerevisiae Replicative Lifespan (RLS) Distributions
Authors: Güven Emine , Qin Hong
Published: July 2021

Replicative lifespan (RLS) of the budding yeast is the number of mother cell divisions until senescence and is instrumental to understanding mechanisms of cellular aging. Recent research has shown that replicative aging is heterogeneous, which argues for mixture modeling. The mixture model is a statistical method to infer subpopulations of the heterogeneous population. Mixture modeling is a relatively underdeveloped area in the study of cellular aging. There is no open access software currently available that assists extensive comparison among mixture modeling methods. To address these needs, we developed an R package called fitmix that facilitates the computation of well-known distributions utilized for RLS data and other lifetime datasets. This package can generate a group of functions for the estimation of probability distributions and simulation of random observations from well-known finite mixture models including Gompertz, Log-logistic, Log-normal, and Weibull models. To estimate and compute the maximum likelihood estimates of the model parameters, the Expectation–Maximization (EM) algorithm is employed.
Characteristics of Kaolinitic Raw Materials from the Lokoundje River (Kribi, Cameroon) for Ceramic Applications
Authors: Ndjigui Paul-Désiré , Mbey Jean Aimé , Fadil-Djenabou Soureiyatou , Onana Vincent Laurent , Bayiga Elie Constantin , Enock Embom Christophe , Ekosse Georges-Ivo
Published: July 2021

Eight kaolinitic materials from the Lokoundje River at Kribi were sampled and investigated for their physical, chemical, mineralogical and thermal characteristics in order to evaluate their potential suitability as raw materials in ceramics. The Lokoundje kaolinitic materials are clayey to silty clayey and are predominantly composed of kaolinite and quartz. The alkali (Na2O + K2O) content ranges between 1 and 2.5 wt.%; these low values do not favor vitrification of the ceramics but may be improved through flux amendment. The presence of goethite in some samples limits their utilization in white ceramics. The minerals content, color, metallic sound, cohesion, linear shrinkage, flexural strength, bulk density, water absorption and microstructure were determined. The XRD data reveal that kaolinite and goethite were transformed, respectively, into mullite and hematite. The colors of the fired products are characteristic of their mineral assemblage. The metallic sound is indicative of low vitrification which is confirmed by the presence of cracks due to low flux contents. The cohesion is good to very good, due to the abundance of kaolinite. The physicomechanical properties increase with temperature as well as densification. The geochemical data show that the Lokoundje alluvial clays are suitable for the manufacture of white stoneware tiles.
Early Biological Response of an Ultra-Hydrophilic Implant Surface Activated by Salts and Dry Technology: An In-Vitro Study
Authors: Gianfreda Francesco , Raffone Carlo , Antonacci Donato , Mussano Federico , Genova Tullio , Chinigò Giorgia , Canullo Luigi , Bollero Patrizio
Published: July 2021

The use of dental implants has grown over the years and has led to higher success rates. To further enhance surgical outcomes, many research groups and companies have shifted their focus to surfaces roughness, wettability and chemistry. In a recent study a new dry salt bioactivate surface has been described from a chemical and physical point of view. The aim of this study is to evaluate the osteogenic response of pre-osteoblast cell lines to dry bioactivated surface. MC3T3-E1 osteogenic cell lines were cultured on SM (sandblasted and dual acid-etched surface) and HNS (SM surface with dry salts bioactive technology). Cell adhesion assay, proliferation assay and cell morphology were performed. Osteogenic activity was performed using Alizarin Red S and alkaline phosphatase. The results showed that SM surface determines a slighter but significant increase in cell adhesion and proliferation in a shorter time compared to HNS. On the contrary, HNS surface has long and intertwining filopodia that could be a response to surface HNS-topography that results in a higher stage of differentiation. The nature of the HNS surface is more prone to determine massive deposition of calcium minerals. This study is the first investigating the role of this interesting dry-salts bioactive surface during the first phase of healing and its potential biochemical advantage could be validated by future animal studies with the aim of evaluate the rate of bone implant contact in the early stages of healing.
Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles as Delivery Systems for Doxorubicin: Drug Loading and Release
Authors: Day Candace M. , Sweetman Martin J. , Song Yunmei , Plush Sally E. , Garg Sanjay
Published: July 2021

Functionalized nanoparticles have played a major role in the field of targeted therapy, owing to their ability to control the release and for the selective delivery of entrapped materials to tumours. In this work, we described the loading capacity and in vitro release kinetics of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), functionalized with Poly-L-Histidine and Tamoxifen. The model drug Doxorubicin (DOX) was successfully encapsulated into MSN-based systems, using the technique of solvent immersion. A post-surface grafting loading method was investigated on functionalized systems, with DOX loading content determined using HPLC. Dialysis bag diffusion was employed to investigate the release kinetics of DOX-loaded-systems at pH 7.4 and 5. The amount of DOX released from native MSNs systems over a 72 h period at pH 5 was approximately 40%; and at pH 7.4 ≈ 30%. A moderate pH dependent release behaviour was observed with both our functionalized systems: DOX@MSN-PLH and DOX@MSN-PLH-TAM; with approximately 5% of DOX released from DOX@MSN-PLH-TAM at pH 7.4 and about 9% released at pH 7.4 over 72 h. The maximal cumulated release of DOX molecules from DOX@MSN-PLH after 72 h was ≈18% at pH 7.4 and ≈23% at pH 5, respectively. The outcome of this work offers a promising contribution towards building future stimuli-responsive nano-drug delivery systems.
A Framework for Assessing Manufacturing SMEs Industry 4.0 Maturity
Authors: Amaral Afonso , Peças Paulo
Published: July 2021

Under the scenario of the fourth industrial revolution, the adoption of Industry 4.0 in the day-to-day business of small and medium enterprises (SME) entails expected challenges. Focusing primarily on more advanced levels of maturity, the existing maturity models are inadequate for assessing companies with low maturity levels, such as most of existing SMEs. A framework for a maturity model tailored to SMEs is proposed in this paper, allowing for a comprehensive and high granularity assessment of these companies’ maturity levels, which then eases their integration into this industrial revolution. The proposed holistic model considers all Industry 4.0 dimensions while being detailed enough in its initial levels to properly assess SMEs at the same time.
Recent Advances in Fiber-Shaped Electronic Devices for Wearable Applications
Authors: Kang Minji , Kim Tae-Wook
Published: July 2021

Fiber electronics is a key research area for realizing wearable microelectronic devices. Significant progress has been made in recent years in developing the geometry and composition of electronic fibers. In this review, we present that recent progress in the architecture and electrical properties of electronic fibers, including their fabrication methods. We intensively investigate the structural designs of fiber-shaped devices: coaxial, twisted, three-dimensional layer-by-layer, and woven structures. In addition, we introduce remarkable applications of fiber-shaped devices for energy harvesting/storage, sensing, and light-emitting devices. Electronic fibers offer high potential for use in next-generation electronics, such as electronic textiles and smart integrated textile systems, which require excellent deformability and high operational reliability.
Influence of Autochthonous and Commercial Yeast Strains on Fermentation and Quality of Wines Produced from Vranec and Cabernet Sauvignon Grape Varieties from Tikveš Wine-Growing Region, Republic of North Macedonia
Authors: Ilieva Fidanka , Petrov Kire , Veličkovska Sanja Kostadinović , Gunova Natasa , Dimovska Violeta , Rocha João Miguel F. , Esatbeyoglu Tuba
Published: July 2021

Two autochthonous yeast strains called F-8 and F-78 (isolated and selected from the Tikveš wine-producing region) were inoculated in wine musts from Vranec and Cabernet Sauvignon grape varieties. The fermentation process and quality of the produced wines were compared to the wines produced from the same grape varieties, but with a commercial yeast strain (D-80). The fermentation process was undertaken at 23–25 °C for 16 days. The highest alcohol content was detected in Vranec and Cabernet Sauvignon wines fermented with autochthonous F-8 yeast strain. Conversely, Vranec wine fermented by the F-78 yeast strain contained the lowest alcohol content (14.11%). The low sugar amount (2–3 g/L) in both grape varieties is indicated the production of dry wines. The total amount of phenolic compounds was significantly higher in Vranec wines. Unlike the alcohol content, Vranec wine produced by commercial yeast strain D-80 indicated the highest concentration of total phenolic compounds (1450 mg/L) and total anthocyanins (572 mg/L), while the lowest concentrations were observed in wine fermented by autochthonous yeast strain F-78 (1612 mg/L and 470 mg/L, respectively). The maximum color intensity was measured in the Vranec wine fermented by autochthonous yeast strain F-8, while wines from Cabernet Sauvignon grape variety fermented with the same yeast strain F-8 and commercial yeast strain D-80 had comparable values in terms of color intensity.
Dose Estimation by Geant4-Based Simulations for Cone-Beam CT Applications: A Systematic Review
Authors: Cabanas Ana M. , Arriagada-Benítez Mauricio , Ubeda Carlos , Meseguer-Ruiz Oliver , Arce Pedro
Published: July 2021

The last two decades have witnessed increasing use of X-ray imaging and, hence, the exposure of humans to potentially harmful ionizing radiation. Computed tomography accounts for the largest portion of medically-related X-ray exposure. Accurate knowledge of ionizing radiation dose from Cone-Beam CT (CBCT) imaging is of great importance to estimate radiation risks and justification of imaging exposures. This work aimed to review the published evidence on CBCT dose estimation by focusing on studies that employ Geant4-based toolkits to estimate radiation dosage. A systematic review based on a scientometrics approach was conducted retrospectively, from January 2021, for a comprehensive overview of the trend, thematic focus, and scientific production in this topic. The search was conducted using WOS, PubMed, and Scopus databases, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. In total, 93 unique papers were found, of which only 34 met the inclusion criteria. We opine that the findings of this study provides a basis to develop accurate simulations of CBCT equipment for optimizing the trade-off between clinical benefit and radiation risk.
Preliminary Investigations on the Use of a New Milling Technology for Obtaining Wholemeal Flours
Authors: Skřivan Pavel , Sluková Marcela , Jurkaninová Lucie , Švec Ivan
Published: July 2021

Wholemeal flours from various cereals and pseudocereals are a valuable source of nutritionally important fiber components, especially beta-glucans and arabinoxylans, as well as bioactive substances accompanying dietary fiber. Most types of whole-wheat flours have unfavorable baking and sensory properties. The finest granulation of bran particles in the flour has a significant effect on reducing or eliminating these deficiencies. Special disintegration equipment is required to achieve fine granulation of the bran particles. In this study, we have tested a special type of impact mill (originally intended for grinding of plastics) to produce special finely ground wholemeal flours with lower starch damage and higher farinographic absorption. Moisture content in the studied flours was significantly lower (7.4–9.8%) than is common in standard flour (13–14%). According to the results of flour analyses obtained from several cereal sources, it seems that especially in rye and wheat, this technology is suitable for both achieving fine granulation of bran particles and in terms of not very substantial damage of starch granules.
Effects of Complex Functional Strength Training on Balance and Shooting Performance of Rifle Shooters
Authors: Hung Min-Hao , Lin Kuo-Chuan , Wu Chung-Cheng , Juang Jia-Hung , Lin Yen-Yu , Chang Chi-Yao
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this research was to study the effects of complex functional strength training (whole-body vibration + unstable surface training) on overall shooting performance, including the shooters’ stability of hold, time on target, and the body sway. We compared the shooters’ performances at three time intervals: (a) pretraining, (b) 6 weeks post-WBV+UST, and (c) 6 weeks detraining. The study participants were eight rifle shooters. Training was c on an unstable surface with vibration frequency of 30 Hz and amplitude of 2 mm. Six weeks after complex training, participants’ shooting performance and body sway significantly improved. Specifically, shooting scores and total time improved by 5.50% and 7.34%, respectively, as did the DevTotal values between performances at different times: 10 ms (p = 0.01), 20 ms (p = 0.04), 30 ms (p = 0.02), and 40 ms (p = 0.02). The DevY values also showed significant differences between performances at different times: 10 ms (p < 0.01), 20 ms (p < 0.01), 30 ms (p < 0.01), 40 ms (p < 0.01), and 50 ms (p < 0.01). A 6 week complex training method can effectively improve shooting stability, fluency, and scores.
The Ballistic Performance of Laminated SiC Ceramics for Body Armor and the Effect of Layer Structure on It
Authors: Hong Yuzhe , Xie Fangmin , Xiong Lijun , Yu Mingliang , Cheng Xiangqian , Qi Mingjie , Shen Zhiwei , Wu Guoping , Ma Tian , Jiang Nan
Published: July 2021

Laminated ceramics with weak interface layers have been proven to be effective in toughening ceramics. The energy absorption ability of laminated ceramics may also benefit their ballistic performance. However, the effect of the layer structure on the ballistic performance of laminated ceramics has not been studied. Focusing on the application for body armor, this paper studied the effect of the different layer structures on the ballistic performance of laminated SiC ceramics. The laminated SiC ceramics with different layered structures were designed and prepared by tape-casting and hot-pressing. When used for the ‘in conjunction with’ armor system, the laminated SiC ceramics with a gradual-layered structure had the backface signature depth of 30% less than the laminated SiC with no interface structure and 50% less than the commercial solid-state sintered SiC. However, when used stand-alone, the laminated SiC had a similar ballistic performance regardless of the layer structure, which was likely due to the weak back support. In conclusion, the ballistic performance of the laminated ceramics was related to the back support of the armor system. When used for the ‘in conjunction with’ armor system, the laminated SiC had a better ballistic performance than that of the solid-state sintered SiC.
A Common Framework for Developing Robust Power-Flow Methods with High Convergence Rate
Authors: Tostado-Véliz Marcos , Kamel Salah , Escamez Antonio , Vera David , Jurado Francisco
Published: July 2021

This paper presents a novel Power-Flow solution paradigm based on the structure of the members of the Runge–Kutta family. Solution approaches based on the introduced solution paradigm are intrinsically robust and can achieve high-order convergences rates. It is demonstrated that some well-known Power-Flow solution methods are in fact special cases of the developed framework. Explicit and embedded formulations are discussed, and two novel solution methodologies based on the Explicit Heun and Embedded Heun–Euler’s methods are developed. The introduced solution techniques are validated in the EU PEGASE systems, considering different starting points and loading levels. Results show that the developed methods are quite reliable and efficient, outperforming other robust and standard methodologies. On the basis of the results obtained, we can affirm that the introduced solution paradigm constitutes a promising framework for developing novel Power-Flow solution techniques.
A ‘Lost’ Panel and a Missing Link: Angelos Bitzamanos and the Case of the Scottivoli Altarpiece for the Church of San Francesco Delle Scale in Ancona
Authors: Voulgaropoulou Margarita
Published: July 2021

In his will, dating from 1490, the nobleman Francesco Scottivoli from Ancona ordered his heirs to erect a chapel in his memory at the church of San Francesco delle Scale, and have it adorned with a painted altarpiece, executed in 1508 by a painter of Greek origin residing in Ancona. In the late 18th-century a full-scale renovation of the church resulted to the dissolution of the Scottivoli chapel and the removal of the painted altarpiece, which was subsequently lost and has been considered missing ever since. This article aims to identify the long-missing Scottivoli altarpiece and determine the identity of its creator based on the re-evaluation of previously published sources and the discovery of unpublished archival and visual material. In light of this new information, this study interprets the Scottivoli altarpiece within the context of the intense cross-cultural transfer that took place in the multicultural contact zone of the early modern Eastern Mediterranean and Adriatic Seas.
Comparison of GRUAN RS92 and RS41 Radiosonde Temperature Biases
Authors: Jing Xin , Shao Xi , Liu Tung-Chang , Zhang Bin
Published: July 2021

In this study, we validated the consistency of the GRUAN RS92 and RS41 datasets, versions EDT.1 and GDP.2, in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (200–20 hPa), through dual launch campaigns at the GRUAN site and using the radio occultation (RO) product and the ERA5 reanalysis from ECMWF as standards for double difference comparison. Separate comparisons with the references were also performed in order to trace the origin of the bias between the two instruments. Then, the performance of the GRUAN raw temperature correction algorithm was evaluated, from the aspects of day–night, the solar zenith angle, and the pressure level, for GDP.2 version products. The results show that RS92.EDT.1 has a warm bias of 0.355 K, compared to RS41.EDT.1, at 20 hPa, during daytime. This bias was found to mainly originate from RS92.EDT.1, based on the separate comparison with RO or ECMWF ERA5 data. RS92.GDP.2 is consistent with RS41.GDP.2, but a separate comparison indicated that the two original GDP.2 products have a ~1 K warm bias at 20 hPa during daytime, compared with RO or ECMWF ERA5 data. The GRUAN correction method can reduce the warm bias up to 0.5 K at 20 hPa during daytime. As a result, this GRUAN correction method is efficient, and it is dependent on the solar zenith angle and pressure level.
Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Mild COVID-19: Case Series and Analysis of the Literature
Authors: Ricciardiello Filippo , Pisani Davide , Viola Pasquale , Cristiano Elisabetta , Scarpa Alfonso , Giannone Antonio , Longo Giuseppe , Russo Giuseppe , Bocchetti Marco , Coppola Ciro , Perrella Marco , Oliva Flavia , Chiarella Giuseppe
Published: July 2021

Background: There is growing evidence of otoneurological involvement of SARS-CoV-2, such as tinnitus and balance disorders and smell and taste disorders, but HL in COVID-19 patients has still been marginally studied. Investigating the role of SARS-CoV-2 as an aetiological factor of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SSNHL) may offer the opportunity to address treatment strategies to maximize clinical recovery and avoid side effects. Methods and results: For this purpose, we will present case studies of five patients who experienced SSNHL during COVID-19. Patients were selected from COVID-19 positive adult subjects with mild clinical presentation, admitted to the outpatient Ear Nose and Throat Department of Cardarelli Hospital due to the onset of SSNHL during the infection. All underwent a complete audio-vestibular investigation before and after SSNHL treatment protocol. Each patient is described with a detailed analysis. Conclusions: SSNHL could be an occasional symptom of COVID-19, even in mild manifestations of the disease. Our experience leads us to underline the value of promptly recognizing and addressing this and other uncommon symptoms, giving patients the opportunity to receive early treatment.
Amelioration of Smoke Taint in Cabernet Sauvignon Wine via Post-Harvest Ozonation of Grapes
Authors: Modesti Margherita , Szeto Colleen , Ristic Renata , Jiang WenWen , Culbert Julie , Catelli Cesare , Mencarelli Fabio , Tonutti Pietro , Wilkinson Kerry
Published: July 2021

Strategies that mitigate the negative effects of vineyard exposure to smoke on wine composition and sensory properties are needed to address the recurring incidence of bushfires in or near wine regions. Recent research demonstrated the potential for post-harvest ozonation of moderately smoke-exposed grapes to reduce both the concentration of smoke taint marker compounds (i.e., volatile phenols and their glycosides) and the perceived intensity of smoke taint in wine, depending on the dose and duration of ozone treatment. The current study further evaluated the efficacy of ozonation as a method for the amelioration of smoke taint in wine by comparing the chemical and sensory consequences of post-harvest ozonation (at 1 ppm for 24 h) of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes following grapevine exposure to dense smoke, i.e., ozone treatment of more heavily tainted grapes. Ozonation again yielded significant reductions in the concentration of free and glycosylated volatile phenols—up to 25% and 30%, respectively. However, although the intensities of smoke-related sensory attributes were generally lower in wines made with smoke-exposed grapes that were ozonated (compared to wines made with smoke-exposed grapes that were not ozonated), the results were not statistically significant. This suggests that the efficacy of ozone treatment depends on the extent to which grapes have been tainted by smoke.