bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ERADICATING MALARIA AND SIMULATING THE CORRECT USE OF MOSQUITO NET FOR STUDENTS IN BIAK DORMITORY JAYAPURA CITY
Authors: Ayomi Mina B. , Bouway Dolfinus Y. , Pariaribo Kostantina , Tukan Dessy O. , Rumwaropen Fancika N. , Tabuni Peni , Wenda Sutana
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Malaria is a disease caused by the Plasmodium parasite. This disease is transmitted through the bite of a female Anopheles mosquito which is infected with this parasite and attacks all humans. How to prevent it by avoiding or reducing malaria mosquito bites is not doing activities outside the house at night, sleeping under a mosquito net, smearing the body with anti-mosquito bite material. , installing screens on ventilation, cleaning mosquito breeding areas, clearing bushes or shady trees around the house or by doing 3M (burying, draining and covering). The aim of this service is to increase Malaria knowledge among students and train students on how to use mosquito nets correctly at the Biak Dormitory, Jayapura City.
Methods: Malaria eradication action methods, namely lectures conducted by providing information about the correct use of mosquito nets and simulations, namely practicing how to use and care for mosquito nets correctly, the activity was carried out at the Biak Dormitory located in Padang Bulan, Jayapura City on November 29 2023. There were 13 participants involved in this activity who had the status of active students at several universities. high in Jayapura City.
Results: The results of the action to eradicate Malaria with the correct use of mosquito nets before giving students knowledge material were still lacking at 38.4% or there were still 5 students. After receiving the material, student knowledge increased 100% or all students already had correct knowledge about Malaria.
Conclusion: The real action carried out by students at the Biak Dormitory is an effort to eradicate Malaria at the right target, because students can disseminate information about malaria prevention locally and can help with the Malaria Elimination program by 2030.
Determinants of accounting fraud in Paser regency regional apparatus
Authors: Nor Wahyudin , Purnamasari Wulan , Lesmanawati Dewi
Published: October 2024

Accounting fraud can occur in the private and government sectors. This study aims to test and analyze the factors that affect accounting fraud in the Paser Regency Regional Apparatus. The population consists of 218, with a sample of 87 respondents consisting of the Head of the agency/agency, Secretary, Head of Finance, and officials involved in using funds and preparing financial statements. Data were collected through questionnaires measured using the Likert scale and analyzed by regression analysis using SPSS 25. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that the variable perception of compensation suitability negatively affects accounting fraud. While information asymmetry, internal control, individual morality, observance of accounting rules, and internal audit do not affect accounting fraud. The Paser Regency government should close the opportunity for fraud by tightening financial management and reporting supervision, paying attention to and maintaining compensation adjustments, including incentives and other benefits to minimize fraud.
On a New Theory of Climate Interference for MISs and Glacial Terminations from Antarctica Ice-core Records: Interference Model
Authors: Viaggi Paolo
Published: October 2024

Variance-driven decomposition based on the singular spectrum analysis of the European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica (EPICA) dD, CO2 and CH4 records allowed a novel quantitative structural interpretation of all glacial/interglacial cycles and glacial terminations of the last 800 kyr. This bottom-up approach used the response components of EPICA stacked records to reconstruct the envelope of the thermal response through a physical interference model. The aim was to improve the understanding regarding the features of intensity, amplitude, and asymmetry of 73 marine isotope stages (MIS) and seven terminations. The Antarctic stack record can be described by a variance-weighted interference model of ten thermal waves of different origins (mid-term oscillation, orbitals and suborbitals) that stochastically interfere at a given time according to their relative differences in frequency, amplitude, and polarity. Interglacial/glacial stages resulted from constructive interference and bipolar amplification of warming/cooling responses, respectively. The low intensity MISs (including 90% of substages) and the unbiased-dated terminations fell in the low interference regions where dominant destructive patterns minimise the thermal envelope. The positive skewness of the EPICA stack resulted from the constructive interference with a strong bias in the warming direction, especially after the Mid-Brunhes Event. Duration analysis of short eccentricity hemicycles exhibited an intrinsic unexpectedly prolonged mean cooling in the nominal solution (5.8 kyr) and its EPICA response as well (8.6 kyr), along with an interference-induced asymmetry (21.1 kyr). The overall effect led to the saw-tooth shape of glacial cycles which is strongly interference-induced and related to intermediate feedback mechanisms also controlled by short eccentricity.
Long-Term Effects of Nitrogen Sources on Yields, Nitrogen Use Efficiencies, and Soil of Tilled, Irrigated Corn
Authors: Delgado Jorge A. , D'Adamo Robert E , Stewart Catherine E , Floyd Bradley , Del Grosso Steve J , Manter Daniel K , Halvorson Ardell D , Brandt Amber
Published: October 2024

Although corn is the most important and nitrogen (N)-fertilized crop, there is a lack of long-term data on the effects of organic and inorganic N fertilizer on N balance and losses for corn systems under different tillage systems. From 2012 to 2023 we assessed the effects of N sources on grain yields from cultivated continuous corn receiving irrigation at a site with minimal erosion in Fort Collins, Colorado, USA, and compared these effects to no-till (NT) and strip till (ST) systems receiving inorganic N. An N balance accounting for N and carbon (C) sequestration found a system nitrogen use efficiency (NUESys) for organic N fertilizer (manure) with tillage of 86.3%, which was higher than the NUESys of 60.2% with inorganic N fertilizer (enhanced efficiency fertilizer, EEF). Conventional tillage with manure use is a good management practice that contributed to higher grain yields (2 of 11 yr.), C sequestration (P<0.05), soil organic N content (P<0.05), and soil phosphorus (P) content than inorganic N fertilizer with tillage (P<0.05). Tilled systems, whether receiving organic or inorganic N fertilizer, had higher yields and grain N content than NT and ST systems receiving inorganic N fertilizer (P<0.05). The grain production of the cultivated system receiving organic N fertilizer did not decrease with time, while the yields of the cultivated system receiving inorganic N fertilizer decreased with time (P<0.05), suggesting that cultivated systems receiving organic N fertilizer may be more sustainable and better able to adapt to a changing climate. Additionally, a combination of manure (30% of N input) with EEF (70% of N input) contributed to a synergistic effect that increased agronomic productivity (harvested grain yields).
From Genes to Clinical Practice: Exploring the Genomic Underpinnings of Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Mabonga Lloyd , Molefi Thulo , Dlamini Zodwa
Published: October 2024

Endometrial cancer (EC), a prevalent gynecological malignancy, presents significant challenges due to its genetic complexity and heterogeneity. The genomic landscape of EC is underpinned by genetic alterations, such as mutations in PTEN, PIK3CA, and ARID1A, and chromosomal abnormalities. The identification of molecular subtypes—POLE-ultramutated, microsatellite instability (MSI), copy-number low, and copy-number high—illustrates the diverse genetic profiles within EC and underscores the need for subtype-specific therapeutic strategies. The integration of multi-omics technologies such as CRISPR gene editing, single-cell genomics, and spatial transcriptomics, have revolutionized our understanding and approach to studying EC, and offers a holistic perspective that enhances the ability to identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The translation of these multi-omics findings into personalized medicine and precision oncology is increasingly feasible in clinical practice. Targeted therapies such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors have demonstrated the potential for improved treatment efficacy tailored to specific genetic alterations. Despite these advancements, challenges persist in terms of variability in patient responses, the integration of genomic data into clinical workflows, and ethical considerations. This review explores the genomic underpinnings of EC, from genes to clinical practice. It highlights the ongoing need for multidisciplinary research and collaboration to address the complexities of EC and improve diagnosis, treatment, and patient outcomes.
Research on the Behavior of a Penetrating Wound Dressed with a Vacuum Dressing
Authors: Kossak Tomasz , Gałkiewicz Jarosław
Published: October 2024

The article presents the results of experimental studies on wound models made in ballistic gel casts and dressed with a vacuum dressing. Compared to previously published articles, the thesis presents quantitative parameters describing the behavior of wounds under the influence of vacuum. A significant reduction in wound volume was noted. This effect is independent of the size of the wound. The experimental studies results were supported by numerical calculations using the finite element method.
Assessing Changes in Motor Function and Mobility in Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease After 12 Sessions of Patient-Specific Adaptive Dynamic Cycling
Authors: Kim Younguk , Smith Brittany , Shigo Lara , Shaikh Aasef , Loparo Kenneth , Ridgel Angela
Published: October 2024

Background and Purpose: This pilot randomized controlled trial evaluated the effects of 12 sessions of patient-specific adaptive dynamic cycling (PSADC) versus non-adaptive cycling (NA) on motor function and mobility in individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD), using IMU sensors for objective assessment. Methods: Twenty-three participants with PD (13 in the PSADC group and 10 in the NA group) completed the study over a 4-week period. Motor function was measured using the Kinesia™ sensors and the MDS-UPDRS Motor III, while mobility was assessed with the TUG test using OPAL IMU sensors. Results: The PSADC group showed significant improvements in MDS-UPDRS Motor III scores (t = 5.165, p < 0.001) and dopamine-sensitive symptoms (t = 4.629, p = 0.001), whereas the NA group did not improve. Both groups showed non-significant improvements in TUG time. IMU sensors provided continuous, quantitative, and unbiased measurements of motor function and mobility, offering a more accurate tracking of improvements over time. Conclusion: PSADC demonstrated enhanced treatment effects on PD motor function compared to NA, while also reducing variability in individual responses. The integration of IMU sensors was essential for precise monitoring, supporting the feasibility of a data-driven, individualized exercise approach to optimize treatment outcomes for individuals with PD.
Experimental Aerodynamics of a Small Fixed-Wing UAV Coated with Bio-Inspired Microfibers Under Static and Dynamic Stall
Authors: Santos Dioser , Fernandes Guilherme , Maldonado Victor
Published: October 2024

A passive flow control technique in the form of microfiber coatings with diverging pillar cross-section area was applied to the wing suction surface of a small tailless unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The coatings are inspired from ‘gecko feet’ surfaces and their effect on aerodynamic and control surface performance is analyzed via wind tunnel experiments in static and dynamic conditions. The static angle of attack was set at a range of angles from -2◦ to 17◦, and the elevon control surface was deflected from -18.7◦ to 24.7◦. In forced oscillation, various combinations of mean angle of attack, frequency and amplitude were explored. The aerodynamic coefficients were calculated from load cell measurements for experimental variables such as microfiber pillar height, the region of the wing coated with microfibers, Reynolds number and angle of attack. Microfibers with a 140µm pillar height, when compared to the smooth wing case, provide drag reduction of up to 24.7% for CL = 0.9 at the cruise Reynolds number, whereas shorter 70µm microfibers perform better at the stall Reynolds number, with a 24.2% CD reduction for the same CL. Control surface experiments show pitch moment authority is significantly improved at higher angles of attack near stall when microfibers cover the elevon and its upstream wing region, with an increase in CM magnitude of up to 22.4%. Dynamic experiments showed that microfibers marginally increase dynamic damping in pitch, improving load factor production in response to control surface actuation at low angles of attack, but reducing it at higher angles. In general, the microfiber pillars are within the laminar boundary layer, and create a periodic slip condition on the top surface of the pillars which increases the near-wall momentum over the wing surface. This mechanism is particularly effective in mitigating flow separation at high angles of attack, reducing pressure drag and restoring pitching moment authority provided by control surfaces.
The Integration of Artificial Intelligence in Inclusive Education: A Scoping Review
Authors: Pagliara Silvio Marcello , Bonavolonta Gianmarco , Pia Mariella , Falchi Stefania , Zurru Antioco Luigi , Fenu Gianni , Mura Antonello
Published: October 2024

This scoping review seeks to map the landscape of how Artificial Intelligence (AI) is leveraged within educational environments to support students with disabilities and inclusive strategies and experiences. The research question concerns the role and impact of AI across diverse educational settings and in particular: “How is Artificial Intelligence (AI) being utilized within educational settings to support individuals with disabilities and promote inclusive education?”. The review explores this question under four pivotal dimensions: Educational Context, Disabilities and Special Needs, Artificial Intelligence Technologies, and Inclusivity and Inclusive Practice. Each contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the interdisciplinary nature of this inquiry. To ensure a comprehensive analysis, four major research databases have been used: Scopus, EBSCO, ERIC, and Web of Science (WoS). This robust search strategy enabled us to capture a wide array of relevant literature. The review also addresses ethical considerations essential for the responsible integration of AI in education, such as privacy, accessibility, and bias. By mapping existing research and identifying gaps, this scoping review lays the groundwork for future advancements in AI-driven inclusive educational practices.
Origin of Light
Authors: Liu Shangqing
Published: October 2024

Light is too important to say. It can be said that light fills the universe, and light also creates the universe. However, what is the origin of the light? What is the real essence of the light? In fact, these questions have not been answered clearly until now. This paper introduces an answer to these questions based on a novel understanding of the light, that is, the photon is composed of a pair of a positron and an electron, and so the photon is an extremely tiny electric dipole. The introduced electric dipole model of the photon has strong supports by observed phenomena, and can explain electromagnetic wave property of the light simply and accurately. In addition, many observed phenomena of the light, which have confused people for a long time, can also be explained by this novel understanding easily and effectively, such as “wave-particle duality of the photon”, “light bending”, “wavelength redshift”, “light pressure” and so-called “Light speed in vacuum is constant”, and so on. The author wrote this paper for helping to fine the natural truth earlier.
The Variation of Bioproperties of Mineral Waters Used in Balneotherapy After Contamination with Coliform Bacteria
Authors: Gheorghievici Gavril-Lucian , Haritinian Emil , Mitoiu Brindusa Ilinca , Lazar Veronica , Gheorghievici Liana
Published: October 2024

The presence of fecal indicator bacteria in therapeutic mineral waters (TMWs) represents an important factor that can alter their chemical properties and therapeutic effect, correlated with an increased health risk for patients.
The purpose of study was to evaluate the interrelationship between the level of contamination with coliform bacteria/Escherichia coli determined by the culture-dependent method and the concentrations of major ions, trace elements and gases in mineral waters that are used for curative or prophylactic purposes. Coliform bacteria showed a degree of survival modulated by the physical-chemical profile of TMWs, their viable count being statistically correlated with T°C, pH, TDS, EC and major ions (Mg2+, Ca2+, Fe2+, Cl-, HCO3-, SO42-). The prevalence of E.coli bacteria was not sen-sitive to the oscillation of the values of T°C; pH; TDS; EC of TMWs, but on the other hand, for the concentration variations of Cl-, HCO3-, total miner-alization from the composition of lakes/bathing pools, a positive correla-tion was identified with its numerical density. For sulfurous TMWs, the results showed a negative correlation between H2S concentration and the level of CB or E.coli, and in carbonated TMWs, CO2/CB values varied di-rectly proportionally, while E.coli evolved numerically independently of CO2 concentration fluctuations, as expected, being aerobe/facultative an-aerobic bacteria.
Therapeutic Hypothermia and Its Role in Preserving Brain Volume in Term Neonates with Perinatal Asphyxia
Authors: García Hernán Felipe , Porras-Hurtado Gloria Liliana , Estrada-Álvarez Jorge Mario , Cardona-Ramirez Natalia , Restrepo-Restrepo Feliza , Serrano Carolina , Cárdenas-Peña David , Orozco-Gutiérrez Álvaro Ángel
Published: October 2024

Perinatal asphyxia is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality, often resulting in hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) with lasting neurodevelopmental impairments. Therapeutic hypothermia has been proposed as a treatment to mitigate brain damage, but its effects on specific brain structures remain under investigation. This study explores the relationship between cerebral volumetry, cortical thickness, and neurodevelopment in term neonates with perinatal asphyxia, with or without therapeutic hypothermia. A prospective cohort of term neonates with perinatal asphyxia was divided into two groups: one group exposed to therapeutic hypothermia and another group from a different institution that did not receive therapeutic hypothermia (non-exposed). Brain MRI data were analyzed using Infant-FreeSurfer and machine learning algorithms to quantify volumes of the basal ganglia, gray matter, white matter, cortical gyri, cerebellum, and cortical thickness. Neurodevelopment was assessed using the Bayley Scale III, focusing on motor, cognitive, and language domains, with additional genetic analyses of neurodevelopmental markers. Statistical comparisons adjusted for therapeutic hypothermia revealed significant differences in brain volumes. Hypothermia-treated infants demonstrated increased gray and white matter volumes and greater cortical thickness in specific regions, correlating with improved neurodevelopmental outcomes. These findings suggest that therapeutic hypothermia has a neuroprotective effect on specific brain structures, contributing to better cognitive and motor development. The study underscores the potential of therapeutic hypothermia as a critical intervention for perinatal asphyxia. It highlights the need for further research on its long-term benefits, incorporating advanced neuroimaging techniques and genetic insights to optimize outcomes.
An Umbrella Review of The Periodontal Disease—Diabetes Mellitus Association
Authors: Arbildo-Vega Heber Isac , Cruzado-Oliva Fredy Hugo , Infantes-Ruíz Edward Demer , Coronel-Zubiate Franz Tito , Becerra-Atoche Eric Giancarlo , Terrones-Campos Wilfredo , Herrera-Plasencia Paul Martín , Seminario-Trelles Oscar Alex , Ortega-Gallegos Roberto Enrique
Published: October 2024

Aim: To determine the clinical performance association of periodontal disease with diabetes mellitus, using an umbrella review. Material and Methods: An information search was carried out up to August 2023 in the following electronic databases: PubMed, Cochrane database, Scopus, SciELO, Google Scholar and OpenGrey. We included studies that were systematic reviews (SR) with or without meta-analysis, without time and language restrictions, that evaluated primary studies that evaluated the association between periodontal disease with diabetes mellitus. Literature or narrative reviews, rapid reviews, intervention studies, observational studies, preclinical and basic research, abstracts, comments, case reports, protocols, personal opinions, letters, and posters were excluded. The AMSTAR-2 tool was used to determine the methodological quality of the included studies. Results: The preliminary search yielded a total of 577 articles, discarding those that did not meet the selection criteria, leaving only 17 articles. An association was found between periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus (type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes mellitus). Conclusion: Based on the results and conclusions of the SR with a high overall confidence, periodontal disease is associated with the onset of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes.
Vallisneria spiralis Restoration: Sustainability of a Littoral Area of Lake Como (Northern Italy)
Authors: Castelnuovo Nicola , Villa Benedetta , Boldrocchi Ginevra , Iotti Paola , Bettinetti Roberta
Published: October 2024

In the Anthropocene era, lake ecosystems are facing significant human-related pressures, resulting in a decline in both biodiversity and habitat quality. Restoration initiatives can effectively enhance the resilience of freshwater environments. This research delves into various established and novel method aimed at encouraging the growth of a macrophyte, Vallisneria spiralis, in the littoral zone of Lake Como, a southern alpine Italian lake. For this aim, Vallisneria spiralis was collected and placed in tanks filled with four different types of 3D-printed biodegradable substrates. Remarkably, the plant demonstrated a growth rate of 4 mm per day, increasing from an initial number of 12 plants to 400 after four months, with a total surpassing 700 specimens by the conclusion of the study. Following their introduction into the natural environment, the survival rate of plants positioned on substrates that remained stable and in contact with the lakebed reached 85.7%. This research is the first to indicate that Vallisneria spiralis could be a viable option for restoration projects in coastal lake habitats, particularly when utilizing biodegradable substrates. The hope is that this study can serve as a valuable model for future restoration initiatives and improve sustainability of freshwater ecosystems.
The Impact of Immersive Virtual Reality Therapy on Psychological and Functional Status in Elderly Female Patients Undergoing Inpatient Rehabilitation Following Hip Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mazurek Justyna , Wrzeciono Adam , Cieślik Błażej , Szczepańska-Gieracha Joanna , Gajda Robert
Published: October 2024

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common health condition that often requires procedures like total hip arthroplasty (THA). Rehabilitation plays a crucial role in managing OA, especially in supporting recovery and improving outcomes following THA. Given the rising demand for THA and the significant impact of OA on mobility and quality of life, effective rehabilitation strategies are essential. This study investigates the impact of virtual reality (VR) therapy on the psychological and functional outcomes of female patients undergoing rehabilitation post-THA. Methods: This pilot randomized controlled trial was conducted with 24 female patients aged 60 and older. Participants were randomized into two groups: a control group receiving 4-week standard rehabilitation and an experimental group receiving standard rehabilitation plus VR therapy. Psychological and functional statuses were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Perception of Stress Questionnaire (PSQ), and various functional tests before and after the intervention. Results: The experimental group showed significant improvements in psychological outcomes, with a 53% reduction in overall HADS scores and a 43% reduction in PSQ scores. Functional improvements were also observed, with significant increases in Tinetti Test, Barthel Index, and Rivermead Motor Assessment scores. In contrast, the control group showed no significant changes in psychological parameters and less pronounced functional improvements. Conclusions: VR therapy effectively enhances psychological well-being and functional recovery in women undergoing rehabilitation post-THA. These findings suggest that integrating VR therapy into standard rehabilitation protocols could improve outcomes and should be considered in future rehabilitation strategies.
Physical Layer Security in RIS-NOMA Assisted IoV Systems with Uncertain RIS Deployment
Authors: Gu Jinyuan , Zhang Zhao , Duan Wei , Song Feifei , Zhang Huaiping
Published: October 2024

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS), as an emerging radio technology, is widely used to expand transmission distance and structure cascade channels to improve the performance of communication systems. However, although RIS-NOMA assisted Internet of Vehicles (IoV) communication system can improve the overall transmission and rate performance with continuous development of wireless communication technology, the physical layer security (PLS) issue has gradually attracted attention and becomes more and more important in the application of the system. The aim of this paper is to investigate the potential threaten for PLS, when RIS is utilized in order to improve the security performance of wireless communications. In particular, this work considers the non-fixed of RIS location and wiretapping behavior of eavesdroppers on the data, and further analyzes the maximum safe-rate for above location assumptions. The results show that RIS demonstrates significant advantages on security performance and provides a useful reference for the security design of future wireless communication systems.
On the Impact of Leading Enterprise Social Platforms in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Performance: A Systematic Review
Authors: Charuza Ian , Baloyi Gift , Nxumalo Marco , Thango Bonginkosi
Published: October 2024

The adoption of enterprise social platforms (ESPs) has become increasingly important for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) seeking to enhance communication, collaboration, and knowledge sharing in the digital economy. As digital transformation progresses, the role of ESPs in improving operational efficiency and long-term business performance warrants comprehensive evaluation. This systematic review aims to assess the impact of leading ESPs on SME performance, focusing on their capabilities to improve communication efficiency, interdepartmental collaboration, and cost-effectiveness while highlighting emerging trends such as automation and AI integration. A PRISMA-guided systematic review was conducted, analyzing 18 peer-reviewed studies published between 2014 and 2024. Inclusion criteria comprised English-language publications examining ESP adoption in SMEs, focusing on ESP features and their effects on operational and strategic outcomes. Quantitative analysis of the selected studies revealed that ESPs improve communication efficiency by 20% and enhance interdepartmental collaboration by 25%. While initial implementation costs pose challenges, ESPs contribute to a 15% reduction in operational costs over time. Additionally, trends in automation and AI integration suggest further potential for operational enhancements. The findings indicate that ESPs significantly enhance SMEs' competitiveness and sustainability, offering both immediate operational improvements and long-term strategic growth. Business leaders are encouraged to adopt ESPs to foster agility and innovation while ensuring robust data security measures.
Lack of Amino Acid Alterations within the Cochlear Nucleus and the Auditory Cortex in Acoustic Trauma-Induced Tinnitus Rats using In Vivo Microdialysis
Authors: Yuan Shanshan , Tan Huey Tieng , Smith Paul F. , Zheng Yiwen
Published: October 2024

Tinnitus is a debilitating auditory disorder commonly described as a ringing in the ears in the absence of an external sound source. Although various risk factors have been reported to be related to the perception of tinnitus, sound trauma is considered the primary cause. Neuronal hyperactivity is one of the potential mechanisms for the genesis of tinnitus and has been identified within major regions of the central auditory system, including the cochlear nucleus (CN) and the auditory cortex (AC). An imbalance of excitatory and inhibitory neu-rotransmission has been attributed to this hyperactivity. However, no study has directly cor-related tinnitus with the extracellular levels of amino acids in the CN and the AC using mi-crodialysis, which reflects the functions of these neurochemicals. In the present study, rats were exposed to either a sham condition or acoustic trauma and then subjected to behavioral confirmation of tinnitus after one month. They were further divided into sham (aged n=6; young n=6), tinnitus-positive (aged n=7; young n=7), and tinnitus-negative (aged n=3; young n=3) groups. In vivo microdialysis was utilized to collect samples from the CN and the AC simultaneously in the same rat. Extracellular levels of amino acids were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with an electrochemical detector (ECD). The effects of sound stimulation and age on neurochemical changes associ-ated with tinnitus were also examined. It was found that there were no significant differ-ences in either the basal levels or the sound stimulation-evoked changes of any of the amino acids examined in the CN and the AC, between sham and tinnitus animals. However, the ba-sal levels of serine and threonine exhibited age-related alterations in the AC and significant differences in threonine and glycine levels were observed in the responses to 4 kHz and 16 kHz stimuli in the CN. These results demonstrated a lack of a direct link between extracellu-lar levels of amino acids in the CN and the AC and tinnitus perception in a rat model of tin-nitus. Further studies investigating a wide range of neurochemicals in both auditory and non-auditory brain regions are needed in order to understand tinnitus-related changes in neuro-transmission.
Unlocking the Mask: Perceived Organizational Support as a Buffer of the Inimical Effect of Organizational Cynicism on Organizational Workplace Deviance Behaviour
Authors: Ike Obinna Osita , Eze Ifeanyichukwu Chukwudi , Nnadozie Ebele Evelyn
Published: October 2024

Leveraging on the theory of social exchange theory, the current study investigated the influential role that perceived organizational support plays in understanding the relationship between organizational cynicism and organizational deviant work behaviour. Scant research has addressed contextual factors in determining organizational cynicism and its relationship to negative work outcomes such as deviant work behaviour. An interactive effect of perceived organizational support was investigated to determine if deviant individuals are more or less prone to become organizational cynics based on the presence or absence of organizational support. The study was conducted in South-Eastern Nigeria, involving 575 nurses using two-wave design. Validated self-reported measures were used to collect data for perceived organizational support, organizational cynicism and organizational workplace deviance, which were analyzed using the Hayes PROCESS Macro for SPSS model 1 version 3.00. The results revealed that organizational cynicism positively correlated with organizational workplace deviant behaviour, whereas perceived organizational support negatively correlated with workplace deviant behaviour among nurses. In addition, perceived organizational support moderated the relationship between organizational cynicism and organizational workplace deviant behaviour. The study's findings revealed the imperativeness of a supportive work environment by underscoring the importance of contextual factors like perceived organizational support in mitigating workplace deviant behaviour. By focusing on fostering a supportive environment, organizations can better manage employee attitudes and reduce deviant behaviours, which enhances overall workplace performance and culture.
Impact of Lower Limb Asymmetries on Physical Performance among Adolescent Female Tennis Players
Authors: Moreno Apellaniz Nagore , Villanueva Guerrero Oscar , Villavicencio Alvarez Victor Emilio , Calero-Morales Santiago , Mainer-Pardos Elena
Published: October 2024

This study aimed to determine the correlation between inter-limb asymmetries and physical per-formance metrics in adolescent female tennis players. Methods: Twenty-five female tennis players (age: 13.29 ± 0.98 years; weight: 52.52 ± 7.31 kg; height: 162.91 ± 6.02 cm) consented to participate in the study. Performance was evaluated using various variables, including bilateral and unilat-eral countermovement jump (CMJ), bilateral and unilateral horizontal jump (HJ), 180º change of direction (180COD) conducted with both the right and left legs, and a 20-m sprint. The systematic bias was evaluated by one-way repeated measures analysis of variance, Pearson’s correlation test for relationships between variables, and the kappa coefficient for consistency in the asymmetry direction. Results Significant relationships were found between CMJ Asymmetry and the varia-bles HJR (r=-0.47) and HJL (r=-0.44). In addition, significant relationships were found between HJ Asymmetry and the variables CMJR (r=-0.60) and CMJL (r=-0.54), HJR (r=-0.64), HJL (r=-0.67), CMJ (r=-0.55) and HJ (r=-0.52). Conclusion Jumping tests are important indicators of performance loss in female tennis players. In addition, no significant correlation was found be-tween the 180COD and performance tests, suggesting that asymmetries in COD do not affect jump performance or speed. Based on these results, it is recommended to integrate individualized pro-grams for each athlete to reduce asymmetries.
Murine Xenograft Models as Preclinical Tools in Endometrial Cancer Research
Authors: Yildiz Merve , Romano Andrea , Xanthoulea Sofia
Published: October 2024

Murine xenograft models are valuable and increasingly used preclinical tools in cancer research to understand disease pathogenesis and guide treatment options. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize the studies that employed mouse xenograft models, using cell-lines, patient-derived tumors, or organoids, in endometrial cancer (EC) research, detailing their methodology and main findings. We identified 27 articles reporting on heterotopic EC xenografts, including subcutaneous, subrenal capsule, intraperitoneal, and retro-orbital models, and 18 articles using orthotopic xenografts. Subcutaneous xenografts generated using either cell-lines or patient tumors have been widely used, however, their low engraftment rates and the inability to recapitulate main clinical features such as metastases limit their translational value. Subrenal capsule models showed improved engraftment rates compared to subcutaneous models, but tumors exhibited slower and constrained tumor growth. Orthotopic models are technically more challenging to generate and monitor, but tumor growth occurs in a relevant microenvironment and EC ortho-xenografts exhibit high engraftment rates and metastases to clinically relevant sites. Cell-line based xenograft (CDXs) models are attractive tools because they are convenient, easy to use, and amenable to genetic modifications, making them suitable for proof-of-concept approaches and large-scale studies. EC xenografts developed from patient tumors (PDTXs) are more labor/cost intensive for their establishment but can capture the genetic and molecular heterogeneity within and across histologic subtypes and can inform on personalized patient treatment. EC organoid-based xenograft (PDOXs) models combine advantages of both CDXs and PDTXs since are more time and cost effective, maintain faithfully tumor characteristics and therapeutic responses, and can be genetically modified.
Despite substantial progress in EC management, there are still several unmet needs. Efficient targeted treatments are currently indicated only for a small subgroup of patients, while women with recurrent or advanced stage EC have very few therapeutic options and their prognosis remains unfavorable. Novel (targeted) drugs, combinational regimens and tools to predict the real drug response in patients are urgently needed. Xenograft models are expected to inform on disease mechanisms and to help identify novel therapeutic options and the suitable target patients.
Enhancing the Potential of PHAs in Tissue Engineering Applications: A Review of Chemical Modification Methods
Authors: Chaber Paweł , Andrä-Żmuda Silke , Śmigiel-Gac Natalia , Zięba Magdalena , Dawid Kamil , Martinka Maksymiak Magdalena , Adamus Grażyna
Published: October 2024

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are a family of polyesters produced by many microbial species. These naturally occurring polymers are widely used in tissue engineering because of their in vivo degradability and excellent biocompatibility. The most well-studied among them is poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and its copolymer with 3-hydroxyvaleric acid (PHBV). Despite their superior properties, PHB and PHBV suffer from high crystallinity, poor mechanical properties, slow resorption rate, and inherent hydrophobicity. Not only PHB and PHBV are hydrophobic, but almost all members of the PHA family struggle because of this characteristic. One can overcome the limitations of microbial polyesters by modifying their bulk or surface chemical composition. Therefore, researchers have put much effort into developing the methods for chemical modification of PHAs. This paper reviews the chemical modification methods of PHAs that make them more suitable for scaffold fabrication. Different chemical strategies for improving the wettability and mechanical properties of the PHA scaffolds are discussed in this review. Emphasis is placed on the methods used to modify the chemical structure of PHB and PHBV, the most important polymers of the PHA family. The properties of PHAs that are important for their applications in tissue engineering are also discussed.
Forecasting Patient Early Readmission from Irish Hospital Discharge Records Using Conventional Machine Learning Models
Authors: Pham Minh-Khoi , Tan Mai Tai , Crane Martin , Ebiele Malick , Brennan Rob , Ward Marie , Geary Una , McDonald Nick , Bezbradica Marija
Published: October 2024

Predicting patient readmission is an important task for healthcare risk management, as it can help prevent adverse events, reduce costs, and improve patient outcomes. In this paper, we compare various conventional machine learning models on a multimodal dataset of electronic discharge records from an Irish acute hospital. We \khoi{evaluate the effectiveness of several widely-used Machine Learning models} that leverage patient demographics, historical hospitalization records, and clinical diagnoses codes, to forecast future clinical risks. \khoi{Our work focuses on addressing two key challenges in the medical fields: data imbalance and the variety of data types in order to boost the performance of Machine Learning algorithms. Through extensive benchmarking and the application of a variety of feature engineering techniques, we successfully improved the Area Under the Curve (AUROC) score from 0.628 to 0.7 across our models on the test dataset}. Furthermore, we also employ \khoiz{Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP)} value visualization to\reviewertwo{v In the abstract line 6 SHAP is mentioned in initials should be written in details: SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations).} interpret the model predictions and identify both the key data features and disease codes associated to readmission risks, identifying a specific set of diagnoses codes that are significant predictors of readmission within 30 days. Our study demonstrates how we effectively utilize the routinely collected hospital data to forecast patient readmission through the use of conventional machine learning while applying explainable AI techniques to explore the correlation between data features and patient readmission rate.
Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio and C-Reactive Protein in Patients with COVID-19: Correlations in Deceased and Surviving Patients
Authors: Callejas Diana , Mosquera-Sulbaran Jesus , Silva Lizbeth , Carbonell Ana , Rivera-Porras Diego , Bermudez Valmore , Gotera Jennifer
Published: October 2024

COVID-19 is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) associated with inflammatory process activation. Among the elements involved in the inflammatory process are leukocytes and cytokine production. Various studies have determined the importance of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in different inflammatory processes. C-reactive protein (CRP) is involved in several infectious processes as a marker of inflammation. This study aims to determine the values of NLR and CRP in COVID-19 patients and controls and to determine these values in COVID-19 survivors and deceased patients. Overall, during COVID-19, lymphocyte counts, NLR, and CRP values were significantly increased.Furthermore, it was observed that during the disease, there were more positive correlations between the different inflammatory parameters studied than between the controls. The results show that surviving patients had increased lymphocyte counts and CRP content compared to deceased patients; however, the latter presented the highest NLR values and the lowest lymphocyte values, establishing a prognostic value of severe evolution. The number of significant correlations observed in surviving and deceased patients was similar. This study suggests the importance of leukocytes and CRP in COVID-19 and a possible predictive value for the severe evolution of NLR in the disease.
Pegylated Carboxylic Graphene Oxide for Controlled Paclitaxel Delivery to Tumor Cells: In Vitro Evaluation and Cell Studies
Authors: Angelopoulou Athina , Papachristodoulou Myria , Voulgari Efstathia , Mouikis Andreas , Zygouri Panagiota , Gournis Dimitrios P , Avgoustakis Konstantinos
Published: October 2024

The functionalization of GO nanomaterials with polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers has been the most common method to ameliorate stability in physiological media and increase biocompatibility. In this work, carboxylated GO (CGO) was functionalized with PEG polymers of different molecular weight (MW) and structure and loaded with the anticancer drug paclitaxel (PCT). An increase in the MW of linear PEG from 2 to 20 kDA decreased the size and tended to increase the ζ-potential of the pegylated CGO nanoparticles (nCGO-PEG) and a branched (4 arm) PEG(10 kDa) provided nanoparticles with significantly lower size and higher ζ-potential compared to a linear PEG(10 kDa). All nCGO-PEG nanoparticle types exhibited good colloidal stability on storage and in PBS and cell culture medium with the exception of the nCGO-PEG functionalized with the relatively low MW PEG of 2 kDa. PCT loading efficiency fell when the MW of PEG was increased or a branched PEG was used. Pegylation decreased significantly the hemolytic potential of nCGO-PEG nanoparticles. Increased PCT release rate was observed at acidic pH 6.0 compared to physiological pH 7.4 for all PCT/nCGO-PEG formulations. Higher cytotoxicity and apoptotic activity of the nanocarrier-entrapped PCT compared to free PCT against the lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell line at longer incubation times was found as at these longer incubation times a high cellular uptake of the PCT/nCGO-PEG nanoparticles were observed. The results justify further investigation of the potential of PCT/nCGO-PEG as antitumor nanomedicine.
Abiotic Stress Response in Native Grasses and Their Suitability as Garden Plants Under Global Climate Change
Authors: Baek Saeng Geul , Shin Jung Won , Nam Jae Ik , Seo Jeong Min , Kim Jung Min , Woo Su Young
Published: October 2024

Native garden plants significantly contribute to the conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem functions in urban environments. This study aimed to identify the physiochemical differences among native grasses subjected to drought and salinity stress and to assess their potential as garden plants adaptable to outdoor conditions and global climate change. Physiological parameters, such as photosynthetic rate, water use efficiency, and chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, decreased in Melica grandiflora and Carex forficula with increasing drought or salinity. In contrast, Carex boottiana maintained high water use efficiency and stable chlorophyll and carotenoid levels even under se-vere drought and salinity conditions. Biochemical analyses showed that C. boottiana had lower levels of malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species (including O2.- and H2O2) than those in the other species under stress conditions. Principal component analysis revealed clear differences in tolerance levels among the grass species. C. boottiana demonstrated high adaptability to both drought and salinity stress, indicating its potential as a sustainable and resilient garden material for urban landscapes facing severe climatic challenges.
Innovative Seatbelt-Integrated Metasurface Radar for Enhanced In-Car Healthcare Monitoring
Authors: Asyari Rifa Atul Izza , Simorangkir Roy B. V. B. , Teichmann Daniel
Published: October 2024

This study introduces a novel seatbelt-integrated, non-invasive beam-focusing metamaterial sensing system characterized by its thinness and flexibility. The system comprises a flexible transmitarray lens and an FMCW radar sensor, enabling accurate detection and analysis of seatbelt usage and positioning through human tissue. The metasurface design remains effective even when subjected to different bending angles. Our system closely tracks heart rate and respiration, validated against standard reference methods, highlighting its potential for enhancing in-car healthcare monitoring. Experimental results demonstrate the system’s reliability in monitoring physiological signals within dynamic vehicular environments.