bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kendali Model Prediktif Kokoh pada Model Suhu Rumah Kaca
Authors: Widayati Ratna , Sholikhatun Sholikhatun , Megawati Noorma Yulia
Published: March 2024

Dalam paper ini dibahas mengenai masalah sistem kendali suhu rumah kaca dengan mempertimbangkan variabel gangguan. Masalah kendali suhu rumah kaca ini dimodelkan dengan RMPC (Robust Model Predictive Control). Algoritma Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) dan  Genetic Algortihm (GA) digunakan untuk  mencari penyelesaian masalah RMPC pada sistem suhu rumah kaca yang berupa masalah optimisasi berkendala. Berdasarkan hasil simulasi, teknik kendali RMPC mampu mengatur suhu rumah kaca sesuai suhu yang diinginkan dengan gangguan relatif kecil yaitu sebesar 0.09oC. Selain itu, waktu iterasi Algoritma PSO lebih cepat dalam menyelesaikan masalah RMPC pada sistem suhu rumah kaca dibandingkan dengan Algoritma Genetika.
Preimplantation Genetic Testing: Personal Views Regarding the Invasiveness of Trophectoderm Biopsy and Risks on Embryos Development “An Operators Survey”
Authors: AL-Rshoud Firas , Almahmoud Lina , Younis Nagham , Ajarmeh Rnad AL. , Fares Ahmad M.
Published: March 2024

This study aims to assess the Trophectoderm (TE) biopsy practice in Jordan in terms of the following effectiveness parameters: timing of zona breaching, risk of inner cell mass herniation if zona breaching was done on day 3, timing of TE sampling, method of biopsy (pulling or flicking), number of laser pulses, assessment of embryo survival after biopsy, and degeneration rate. An online cross-sectional survey was conducted in November 2022. The collected data presented the perception of embryologists (>10 years experience) about the difficulty of the technique and the awareness of the risks it imposes on embryonic development. Potential predictors of embryologists’ awareness of the risks of trophectoderm biopsy in preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) and procedure difficulty were investigated. 125 embryologists were eligible, and 72 (57.6%) adequately filled the questionnaire, of which 51 (70.8%) perceived the procedure as moderately difficult. However, 8 (11.1%) embryologists perceive it as very difficult. Regarding the preferred time of zona breaching, 39 (54.2%) of embryologists perform zona breaching on day 5 of embryonic life. 68% claim they primarily use flicking when performing TE biopsy. Moreover, 33 (45.8%) of the 72 surveyed embryologists claimed they use 2-3 laser pulses, and 56 (77.8%) claimed it takes 2 to 3 minutes to finish the procedure. Regarding the embryologists’ awareness of the risk of Inner Cell Mass (ICM) herniation, most embryologists 46 (64%) believed there is a moderate risk if zona breaching is done on day 3. 23 (32%) acknowledge the procedure as having a low risk for embryonal development. 29 (40.3%) of embryologists assess survival by checking the re-expansion of the biopsied blastocyst after 2 hours, while 18% check blastocyst re-expansion after 15 minutes. 39 (54.2%) claimed that the incidence of degeneration rate post-TE biopsy is rare. TE biopsy strategy is one of the most promising biopsy techniques in PGT. Most embryologists in Jordan perceive the procedure as moderately difficult due to the technical considerations involved in performing the optimum TE biopsy.
Análisis de tendencias para la cadena láctea :consumo, demanda, mercado internacional e investigación en Colombia
Authors: Flórez Martínez Diego Hernando
Published: March 2024

El marco actual para el sector lácteo y su cadena productiva, está focalizado en la transición del sector a un marco competitivo de producción, donde la creación de empresas y esquemas asociativos tipo clúster incrementando la productividad y fortaleciendo el consumo interno, teniendo en cuenta que actualmente la coyuntura, de los TLC con Norte América y Europa colocan al sector en estado de vulnerabilidad. El plan de transformación productiva (PTP), focaliza al sector en un horizonte prospectivo de conglomerados lácteos de talla mundial, esto soportado en 4 pilares básicos: Colombia es cuarto productor de leche en América Latina con un volumen aproximado de 6.500 millones de litros anuales, superado sólo por Brasil, México y Argentina. Actualmente, para este sector se está formulando el plan de desarrollo/negocios, con el que se busca fortalecer toda la cadena productiva. En el país existen 2.600 millones de litros de leche fresca disponibles para el procesamiento por parte de nuevas industrias, cantidad que actualmente no entra al canal formal de transformación. Es el tercer mercado en ventas de lácteos en América Latina, con un valor anual US$ 2.862 millones, con acceso preferencial en mercados como la CAN, Mercosur, Chile, Cuba, Canadá, México, UE y con EE.UU. En la tabla 1, se sintetiza el estado actual de sector en cifras clave.
Capacidades en ciencia y tecnología del sector agropecuario colombiano 2012
Authors: Uribe Galvis Claudia Patricia , Contreras Pedraza Carlos Alberto
Published: March 2024

Este análisis se constituye en un documento de apoyo a la gestión de la Ciencia y Tecnología sectorial, que busca motivar a las instituciones públicas y privadas a continuar concentrando esfuerzos y sinergias que fortalezcan el accionar del SNCTA, que se traduzca en una mayor competitividad del sector agropecuario colombiano
Effect of the acquisition access period, retention period and inoculation access period on transmission efficiency of Potato yellow vein virus by Trialeurodes vaporariorum
Authors: Hernández Guzmán Anngie Katherine , Torres Jiménez Diana Marcela , Pérez Cardona Olga Yanet
Published: March 2024

El virus de la vena amarilla de la papa (PYVV) (Crinivirus / Closteroviridae), es un virus de planta reemergente, que se extendió en todas las áreas de de producción de papa colombiana PYVV, este es transmitido por el invernadero de mosca blanca (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) de semipersistente. Para la implementación de estrategias efectivas para PYVV / T. y el control de vaporariorum es necesaria la información sobre la relación entre el virus y su vector. En el presente estudio se detalla la transmisión de PYVV, se presentan las características de T. vaporariorum, la adquisición del período de acceso (AAP), período de retención (RP) e inoculación y el período de acceso (IAP) evaluado
Safety, Tolerability, and Dose-Limiting Toxicity of Lacosamide in Patients With Painful Chronic Pancreatitis: Protocol for a Phase 1 Clinical Trial to Determine Safety and Identify Side Effects
Authors: Fogel Evan L , Easler Jeffrey J , Yuan Ying , Yadav Dhiraj , Conwell Darwin L , Vege Santhi Swaroop , Han Samuel Y , Park Walter , Patrick Vanessa , White Fletcher A
Published: March 2024

Background

Chronic abdominal pain is the hallmark symptom of chronic pancreatitis (CP), with 50% to 80% of patients seeking medical attention for pain control. Although several management options are available, outcomes are often disappointing, and opioids remain a mainstay of therapy. Opioid-induced hyperalgesia is a phenomenon resulting in dose escalation, which may occur partly because of the effects of opioids on voltage-gated sodium channels associated with pain. Preclinical observations demonstrate that the combination of an opioid and the antiseizure drug lacosamide diminishes opioid-induced hyperalgesia and improves pain control.

Objective

In this phase 1 trial, we aim to determine the safety, tolerability, and dose-limiting toxicity of adding lacosamide to opioids for the treatment of painful CP and assess the feasibility of performance of a pilot study of adding lacosamide to opioid therapy in patients with CP. As an exploratory aim, we will assess the efficacy of adding lacosamide to opioid therapy in patients with painful CP.

Methods

Using the Bayesian optimal interval design, we will conduct a dose-escalation trial of adding lacosamide to opioid therapy in patients with painful CP enrolled in cohorts of size 3. The initial dose will be 50 mg taken orally twice a day, followed by incremental increases to a maximum dose of 400 mg/day, with lacosamide administered for 7 days at each dose level. Adverse events will be documented according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (version 5.0).

Results

As of December 2023, we have currently enrolled 6 participants. The minimum number of participants to be enrolled is 12 with a maximum of 24. We expect to publish the results by March 2025.

Conclusions

This trial will test the feasibility of the study design and provide reassurance regarding the tolerability and safety of opioids in treating painful CP. It is anticipated that lacosamide will prove to be safe and well tolerated, supporting a subsequent phase 2 trial assessing the efficacy of lacosamide+opioid therapy in patients with painful CP, and that lacosamide combined with opiates will lower the opioid dose necessary for pain relief and improve the safety profile of opioid use in treating painful CP.

Trial Registration

Clinicaltrials.gov NCT05603702; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05603702

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/50513
Group Cohesion and Necessary Adaptations in Online Hearing Voices Peer Support Groups: Qualitative Study With Group Facilitators
Authors: Branitsky Alison , Longden Eleanor , Bucci Sandra , Morrison Anthony P , Varese Filippo
Published: March 2024

Background

Face-to-face hearing voices peer support groups (HVGs), a survivor-led initiative that enables individuals who hear voices to engage with the support of peers, have a long-standing history in community settings. HVGs are premised on the notion that forming authentic, mutual relationships enables the exploration of one’s voice hearing experiences and, in turn, reduces subjective distress. As such, group cohesion is assumed to be a central mechanism of change in HVGs. The rise of digital mental health support, coupled with the COVID-19 pandemic, has resulted in many HVGs adapting to online delivery. However, to date no studies have examined the implementation of these online groups and the adaptations necessary to foster cohesion.

Objective

This study aims to understand the experience of group cohesion among HVG facilitators in online groups compared with face-to-face groups. Specifically, we examined the ways in which the medium through which groups run (online or face-to-face) impacts group cohesion and how facilitators adapted HVGs to foster group cohesion online.

Methods

Semistructured qualitative interviews were conducted with 11 facilitators with varied experience of facilitating online and face-to-face HVGs. Data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis.

Results

The findings are organized into 3 themes and associated subthemes: nonverbal challenges to cohesion (lack of differentiation, transitional space, inability to see the whole picture, and expressions of empathy); discursive challenges to cohesion (topic-based conversation and depth of disclosure); and necessary adaptations for online groups (fostering shared experience and using the unique context to demonstrate investment in others). Despite challenges in both the setting and content of online groups, facilitators felt that group cohesion was still possible to achieve online but that it had to be facilitated intentionally.

Conclusions

This study is the first to specifically investigate group cohesion in online HVGs. Participants noted numerous challenges to group cohesion when adapting groups to run online, including the unnaturally linear narrative flow of dialogue in online settings; lack of transitional spaces, and associated small talk before and after the session; ease of disengagement online; inhibited sharing; and absence of shared physical presence online. Although these challenges were significant, facilitators nevertheless emphasized that the benefits provided by the accessibility of online groups outweighed these challenges. Necessary adaptations for cultivating group cohesion online are outlined and include capitalizing on moments of humor and spontaneity, using group activities, encouraging information sharing between participants using the chat and screen-sharing features, and using objects from participants’ environments to gain deeper insight into their subjective worlds.
Evaluating the Experiences of Occupational Therapists and Children Using the SensoGrip Pressure-Sensitive Pen in a Handwriting Intervention: Multimethods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Rettinger Lena , Schönthaler Erna , Kerschbaumer Andrea , Hauser Carina , Klupper Carissa , Aichinger Lea , Werner Franz
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

The acquisition of handwriting skills is essential for a child’s academic success, self-confidence, and general school performance. Nevertheless, an estimated 5% to 27% of children face handwriting challenges, where the ability to modulate pressure on the pencil and lead on the paper is a key motor component.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to investigate the experience with and usability of the SensoGrip system, a pressure-measuring pen system with personalized real-time feedback about pressure modulation, in a clinical setting with children and occupational therapists (OTs).

METHODS

A multimethods study was conducted, incorporating qualitative interviews and questionnaires with children, user diaries, focus group discussions, and a usability questionnaire with OTs, along with a questionnaire for parents.

RESULTS

The study involved OTs (n=8), children with handwriting difficulties (n=16), and their parents (n=16), each of whom used the SensoGrip system in up to 5 therapy sessions. OTs reported that the SensoGrip system helped to focus the child’s awareness on handwriting pressure and to measure it objectively. The system received high acceptance and usability ratings from the OTs—usefulness: median score of 4 out of 7; ease of use and ease of learning: median score of 6 out of 7; and satisfaction: median score of 6 out of 7. Participants appreciated that it fosters pressure awareness and motivation to draw and write.

CONCLUSIONS

The SensoGrip pressure-sensing system with real-time feedback is a promising tool for pediatric occupational therapy. It supports children with handwriting difficulties to adjust their pressure application during the task. In the future, controlled quantitative trials are warranted to further examine the system’s impact.

CLINICALTRIAL
A Study on Cultural Default and Compensation in C-E Translation of Soft News from the Perspective of Relevance Theory: A Case Study of China Daily in 2022
Authors: Li Panpan
Published: March 2024

Cultural default and compensation play an important role not only in literary translation, but also in many non-literary translation fields, including news translation. Under the guidance of relevance theory, this paper takes the bilingual soft news of China Daily as the materials adopts the literature method and case analysis method to examine the cultural defaults in the translation process of soft news, and finds out the appropriate compensation strategies. Through research, it is found that the most common cultural defaults in soft news are linguistic cultural defaults, followed by social cultural defaults, material cultural defaults, ecological cultural defaults and religious cultural defaults. In addition, reconstruction, transliteration and transplantation are common compensation strategies in translation, which need to be adjusted flexibly according to translation requirements. This study is expected to provide some reference for the translation of soft news and attract more scholars’ attention to cultural default and compensation in soft news translation, so as to improve the translation quality of soft news.
The Statutory Interpretation of Renewable Energy Based on Syllogism of British Government Constitutional Forms towards Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Llarena Zharama
Published: March 2024

The current production for energy consumption generates harmful impacts of carbon dioxide to the environment causing instability to sustainable development goals. The constitutional reforms of British Government serve to be an important means of resolving any encountered incompatibilities to political environment. This study aims to evaluate green economy using developed equation for renewable energy towards political polarization of corporate governance. The Kano Model Assessment is used to measure the equivalency of 1970 Patents Act to UK Intellectual Property tabulating the criteria for the fulfillment of sustainable development goals in respect to the environment, artificial intelligence, and dynamic dichotomy of administrative agencies and presidential restriction, as statutory interpretation development to renewable energy. The constitutional forms of British government satisfy the sustainable development goals needed to fight climate change, advocate healthy ecosystem, promote leadership of magnates, and delegate responsibilities towards green economy. The presidential partisanship must be observed to delineate parties of concerns and execute the government prescriptions in equivalence to the dichotomous relationship of technology and the environment in fulfilling the rights and privileges of all citizens. Hence, the political elites can execute corporate governance towards sustainable development of renewable energy promoting environmental parks and zero emission target of carbon dioxide discharges. The economic theory developed in statutory interpretation for renewable energy serves as a tool to reduce detrimental impacts of carbon dioxide to the environment, mitigate climate change, and produce artefacts of bioenergy and artificial intelligence promoting sustainable development. It is suggested to explore other vulnerabilities of artificial intelligence to prosper economic success.
Legal Review of the Role Supervisory Judges and Observer towards Convicts Who is Sentenced to Conditional Punishment
Authors: Panggabean Herlina , Simanjuntak Fernando , Rajagukguk Holmes
Published: March 2024

The research was conducted to determine the implementation of the functions and duties of supervisory and observing judges. To describe this, qualitative descriptive research was conducted. The research location was Tarutung District Court and Tarutung Correctional Center. Materials were obtained through field studies with interviews, then analysed qualitatively. From the results of the research, it shows that the Wasmat judge did not carry out supervision as it should be, where the Wasmat judge has not signed, checked the supervisor's register and observations based on the minutes of the execution of the sentence, and the check on the spot visit to the Correctional Institution was not carried out regularly as stipulated in the regulation, namely 3 times a month. The supervising judge has not observed the behavior of prisoners in the penitentiary and outside the penitentiary. Likewise, the judge has not made observations of the behavior of prisoners on the sentences imposed on him so that it has not brought sentencing policy for other judges.
Response to my critics
Authors: Wansleben Leon
Published: March 2024

Central banking studies continues to consolidate around common foundations, but points of tension and disagreement persist. In this reply, I discuss three such points raised by contributors to this forum. These relate to the concept of infrastructural power, the significance of financial stability policy, and questions of historiography. I also offer some reflections on future directions for the study of central banks.
Populismo, desinformación y polarización política en la comunicación en redes sociales de los presidentes populistas latinoamericanos
Authors: Rivera Magos Sergio , González Pureco Gabriela
Published: March 2024

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación que examina la presencia de populismo, desinformación y polarización en la comunicación de cinco líderes políticos latinoamericanos identificados como populistas: Alberto Fernández (Argentina), Luis Arce (Bolivia), Gustavo Petro (Colombia), Nayib Bukele (El Salvador) y Andrés Manuel López Obrador (México). Utilizando una metodología que combina la extracción de datos de redes sociales con el análisis de contenido, se analizan las narrativas populistas, las estrategias de desinformación y la polarización presentes en la comunicación de estos presidentes. Los resultados revelan la presencia constante y significativa de populismo en su comunicación, caracterizado por referencias al pueblo virtuoso y a la voluntad general, así como el uso recurrente de la dicotomía pueblo y élite. Además, se identifica que la desinformación es una característica importante en la comunicación de estos líderes, representando más del 50% de su contenido. Esto incluye el uso de contenido engañoso, conexiones falsas y discursos de odio, que a menudo se utilizan para validar y difundir información falsa que respalde la narrativa populista. La polarización emerge como una tendencia dominante en la comunicación de estos líderes, caracterizada por el uso constante de términos como ellos y nosotros, así como la expresión de emociones políticas como justicia, alegría o ira.
¿Democracia bajo acecho? La reelección en El Salvador y el discurso político de Nayib Bukele en Twitter
Authors: Montaño Ernesto
Published: March 2024

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la construcción discursiva desde la teoría populista en el perfil de la red social X, del presidente de El Salvador, Nayib Bukele (@nayibbukele). El análisis se sitúa en un contexto donde el mandatario busca la reelección para un segundo periodo. Se analizaron 189 tuits, en una etapa que abarca del 16 de septiembre de 2022 (fecha en la que anuncia que buscará la reelección) hasta el 26 de junio de 2023 (día en que formalmente se inscribe como precandidato). Se realizó una investigación cualitativa, desde la teoría del mito populista (Casullo, 2019) en la que se identifica la construcción del héroe, la identificación del traidor, la presentación como outsider del líder, así como las descripciones sobre su movimiento (pasado, presente y futuro). Los resultados arrojan que el mandatario exhibe rasgos populistas, con fuertes derivas autoritarias. El presente trabajo es de vital importancia para comprender al populismo dentro de las lógicas digitales y en un contexto de fatiga democrática mundial. Por otra parte, consideramos prioritario analizar los nuevos gobiernos en Centroamérica que, a la par de las conclusiones sobre la figura de Bukele, pueden representar un retroceso democrático en la región.
Pulse-coupled neural network based on an adaptive Gabor filter for pavement crack segmentation
Authors: Luna Álvarez A. , Mújica Vargas D. , Rubio J. de J. , Rosales Silva A.
Published: March 2024

This article proposes a Pulse-Coupled Neural Network based on an adaptive Gabor filter for the segmentation of cracks in the pavement in digital images. By estimating the noise in the image, the parameters of the filter that convolves the neurons of the model are adjusted. As a result iterations were reduced to 2%with ? 90% precision. The algorithm was parallelized on the GPU and the processing time was reduced to n/NM regardless of the M and N dimensions of theimage.
Energy harvesting system using broadband textile antennas
Authors: Porras J. , Acosta A. , Corona A. , Puerto G.
Published: March 2024

Taking advantage of the benefits provided by the energy harvesting from ambient radio frequency sources, a multiband receiver is designed and manufactured using broadband antennas constructed with textile materials to be adapted into a Tshirt. The antennas connected to the rectifier allow to capture energy from the environment from four mobile bands: 1700, 1800, 1900 and 2100 MHz, and from the 2400 MHz WiFi band.
IoT-based real-time monitoring of supercapacitors used in electric vehicles
Authors: Shini G. , Febin Daya J. L. , Balamurugan P.
Published: March 2024

The research focuses on the condition monitoring of supercapacitor systems installed in the electric vehicle that acts as the power source for the vehicle when it needs high power for a lesser time. This research work aims to introduce the Internet of Things in battery systems along with supercapacitors aiming to increase the efficiency and reliability of the system. In the corresponding research work, IoT-based condition monitoring for a 48V supercapacitor for an electric vehicle is implemented, the supercapacitor is charged using the phase shift full bridge DC-DC converter after that the data is transferred from the Matlab Simulink to the Thingspeak platform to enable IoT based application Hence establishing the real-time monitoring of super- capacitor. Introducing the Internet of Things will help researchers in a deeper understanding of supercapacitor behavior in a real-time environment as well as the real-time data will be helpful in the protection of the system.
Active power compensator for a DC voltage bus of a renewable source
Authors: Morfín O. , Gomez M. , Rodríguez J. , Murillo M. , Padilla N.
Published: March 2024

Renewable energy sources generate intermittent electrical power due to weather conditions, such as variations in wind speed and solar radiation. The distributed nature of renewable energy sources requires new techniques to maintain the quality of electrical service and efficient use of energy. One of these techniques uses of battery bank when a renewable energy source does not generate the power level contracted by the utility grid. In this article, a power compensator is proposed. It consists of a bidirectional DC converter located between the battery bank and the DC bus of the renewable source. This compensator has two operation modes: one to store the excessive power in a battery bank; the other to deliver power when power intermittency occurs. The validation of the proposed power compensator is made using a prototype where the DC voltage bus of a renewable energy source is emulated through a DC generator-motor group, which allows bidirectional power flow.
Global Citizenship for the 21st Century
Authors: Valadés Diego
Published: March 2024

This essay gives an explanation about the citizens in the early twenty first century, making an extensive discussion of several schools of thought, going from Leopoldo Zea to Rosseau. The essay analyzes the term citizens and the effects that it has had from the times of Plato and Aristotle, giving specific examples. The essays will also analyze Eco's school of thought in regards to the differences between migration and immigration, along with the existing debt arising from the British, French, and American revolutions in terms of equality.
The Notion of "Principle" in Legal Reasoning as Understood in Mexican Law
Authors: Carla Huerta
Published: March 2024

The use of the term “principle” is common to law, but it has a wide variety of different meanings. Contemporary legal theory has added some new ones which should help improve the application of justice, particularly when they are accompanied by an appropriate theory for the interpretation of rules. This article revisits the term “principle” and analyzes the distinction between principles and rules in order to evaluate the different ways in which Mexican Courts apply principles. “Balancing” and “subsumption” are compared as methods when there are conflicts between norms.
Confrontation, Collusion and Tolerance: The Relationship Between Law Enforcement And Organized Crime in Tijuana
Authors: Daniel Sabet
Published: March 2024

This paper offers an analytic narrative of relations between organized criminal groups and Tijuana’s municipal police force. While civil society mobilization has made it progressively more difficult for elected and appointed officials to tolerate or collude with organized crime, civil society has few tools to hold the rest of the police bureaucracy accountable, particularly when compared with organized crime’s ability to bribe, threaten, and overcome information asymmetries. As a result, interactions between organized crime and the police is a mix of confrontation, corruption, and tolerance. Recognizing the corruptive power of organized crime, this article asks if honest officials can alter the equation for rank and file officers. The paper explores advances in police remuneration, setbacks in selection criteria, the challenges to creating internal accountability mechanisms, and the difficulties in protecting officers.
The Legal Construction of Racial Discrimination in Mexico: Celebrating 200 Years of Independence?
Authors: Edgardo Muñoz
Published: March 2024

In this note, I examine the legal construction of racial discrimination in Mexico, the approaches to legal theory which help us understand it, and the role of the UN Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination. Until the end of the 20th century, the situation in Mexico was characterized by a denial or a trivialization of racial discrimination in legal institutions and society. In recent years, the Mexican government has taken actions to deconstruct the principles upon which racial discrimination was legally based. The case of Mexico directly assists in understanding post colonial racial discrimination in Latin America.
Judges as Invited Actors in the Political Arena: The Cases of Costa Rica and Guatemala
Authors: Elena Martínez Barahona
Published: March 2024

The goal of this article is to broaden our knowledge of the high courts in Costa Rica and Guatemala by examining the degree to which these courts are used as “mechanisms of social accountability.” For this purpose, this study assesses changes in the number of judicial claims filed by individuals or social groups before the high courts to control the legality of government actions or to protect their own rights. I analyze whether the emergence of this “judicialization by the people” is a consequence of changes in institutional settings and/or a growing distrust in politicians, scenarios that turn the high courts into viable forums for the achievement of political results.
The Inter-American Court of Human Rights and the Death Penalty
Authors: Sergio García Ramírez
Published: March 2024

This essay examines the jurisprudence of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights with regard to the death penalty: advisory opinions, final judgments and provisional measures. The general tendency of the jurisprudence is abolitionist, since it stresses the strict limits for the imposition of the death penalty and moves toward the final elimination of this punishment. In its decisions on the matter, the Court has examined the issue of the mandatory death penalty, which is still stipulated in some States when “the most serious crimes” are involved. The Court has reviewed national criminal justice systems and established clear limits for laws concerning crimes and penalties. Similarly, the Court has examined the guarantees of an accused person who faces trial, particularly when the possibility of imposing the death penalty exists. The essay also highlights other issues of the highest importance regarding the punitive role of the State and the means of defense of the accused.
Cartels in the Courtroom: Criminal Justice Reform and its Role in the Mexican Drug War
Authors: Gillian Reed Horton
Published: March 2024

In recent years Mexico has experienced an increase in drug-related violence as the government seeks to eradicate organized criminal elements behind the drug trade. In order to accomplish this Mexico has passed major new criminal justice reforms, as well as to the military and police. In June 2008, the Constitution was amended to move the country’s criminal justice system closer to the accusatory (adversarial and oral) model most closely associated with common law systems, particularly that of the United States. Mexican officials hope that by making criminal justice a more transparent, participatory experience the system will be better equipped to handle the effects of the drug war. However, judicial reform is far from simple even under the most favorable circumstances, and presents an especially daunting challenge when undertaken within the context of escalating violence. While Mexico hopes these changes will help address the broader effects of cartel violence on society, observers of the process fear that the reforms will suffer from the traditional obstacles presented by the pursuit of justice in transitioning countries, such as corruption, lack of real independence for criminal justice actors and limited educational and financial resources. It remains to be seen whether the 2008 reforms will strike the right balance and help propel the country towards security, stability and a stronger Rule of Law.
Gender Stereotyping and the Federal Judiciary in Mexico
Authors: Denise González Núñez
Published: March 2024

Despite many and important changes that have taken place in Mexican society in recent decades, women still face several obstacles to enjoying their rights effectively. Discrimination due to gender stereotyping is one of these obstacles. According to psychological research, stereotyping is part of individuals’ cognition and socialization process, but it can be negative in certain circumstances. The main hypothesis of this article is that there is a lack of gender perspective and an inadequate application of international human rights standards by Collegiate Circuit Courts of the federal judicial branch in Mexico, since the use of gender stereotypes persists in the process of judicial argumentation. This situation prevents women from fully exercising their rights and constitutes a violation of International Human Rights Law. Therefore, the State, and specifically the federal judicial branch, should adopt the necessary measures to fulfill its international obligations.
Transportation Problems: Analysis and Solutions
Authors: Rathod Amisha J.
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Transportation systems are fundamental to modern society, facilitating the movement of people and goods essential for economic development and social well-being. However, the efficiency and sustainability of these systems are often challenged by various factors, leading to transportation problems such as traffic congestion, inefficient route planning, and environmental degradation. This review paper comprehensively examines the analysis and solutions to transportation problems, encompassing a range of analytical techniques and innovative approaches. Beginning with an exploration of different types of transportation problems, including route optimization and capacity planning issues, the paper delves into the analytical techniques employed, such as linear programming and heuristic algorithms. Through case studies focusing on urban transportation networks and freight systems, key challenges such as data quality and technological constraints are identified. The paper then explores solutions, including the role of intelligent transportation systems, green initiatives, and emerging technologies like artificial intelligence and blockchain. Finally, it outlines future directions, including the potential of autonomous vehicles and the importance of sustainable urban mobility planning. This review provides valuable insights for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers seeking to address transportation challenges and build resilient and efficient transportation systems for the future.
Assessment of Climate Change Impact on Reservoir Inflow
Authors: Rajmane D. K.
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Evaluating the effects of climate change is crucial in regions grappling with water scarcity. The Ujjani dam, a significant structure in Maharashtra, India, erected on the Bhima river in 1980, serves as a vital water source for the agricultural lands downstream in Solapur and Pune districts. Assessing climate change's impact involves analysing data from General Circulation Models (GCMs), which project climate parameters under various emission scenarios but often at a broader scale. Since hydrological models necessitate finer-scale climate data, a downscaling technique is employed to derive localized variables from GCM outputs. This study employs Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) techniques for downscaling. By utilizing projected temperature and rainfall data, three distinct models are developed to predict reservoir inflow: multiple linear regression, artificial neural network, and wavelet neural network. The findings indicate significant alterations in rainfall distribution patterns, with a decline during the monsoon season and an increase post-monsoon
TERAPI BERMAIN SOSIAL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN SOSIAL DALAM HAL AKADEMIK PADA ANAK
Authors: Basyar Ahmad Jalaluddin
Published: March 2024

Masa anak-anak adalah masa untuk belajar, bermain dan meniru aktivitas yang ada dalam lingkungannya. Anak-anak seharusnya memiliki keterampilan sosial yang berkembang baik dalam aktivitas sehari-hari. Keterampilan sosial dalam hal akademik adalah salah satu keterampilan sosial yang penting bagi anak-anak. Anak-anak yang memiliki keterampilan sosial dalam hal akademik yang rendah akan mempengaruhi prestasi akademik disekolah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah terapi bermain sosial mampu meningkatkan keterampilan sosial dalam hal akademik. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah experimental design single case. Subyek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 2 orang dengan keterampilan sosial dalam hal akademik yang rendah. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi dan wawancara. Analisa data menggunakan analisa grafik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terapi bermain sosial mampu meningkatkan keterampilan sosial dalam hal akademik pada anak. Kata kunci: Terapi bermain sosial, keterampilan sosial. Childhood is a time to learn , play and copying the activity present in the environment. Children should have a well-developed social skills in everyday activities . Social skills in terms of academic success is one of the important social skills for children . Children who have social skills in terms of academic success are low will affect academic achievement in school . The purpose of this study was to determine whether social play therapy can improve social skills in terms of academic success . This type of research is a single case experimental design . The subjects in this study amounted to 2 people with social skills in terms of low academic . Methods of data collection using observation and interviews . Analyze data using descriptive graphic analysis . The results showed that social play therapy can improve social skills in terms of academic success in children. Keywords: Social play therapy, social skills
Lista de revisores 2019
Authors: Dixit Redacción
Published: March 2024

Lista de revisores que participaron en los números 30 y 31 de Dixit.
Paradojas y realidades en torno a la autonomía de gestión escolar en México
Authors: Silas-Casillas Juan Carlos
Published: March 2024

Los Consejos Técnicos Escolares no son un mecanismo nuevo, los profesores los han utilizado por décadas para coordinar sus acciones. A partir de 2013, la Secretaría de Educación Pública plantea que la autonomía de gestión escolar será clave para mejorar la calidad de la educación mexicana, sin embargo, la gran cantidad de tareas y reportes solicitados, así como las condiciones locales que afronta cada escuela, hacen prácticamente imposible que se siga un patrón estándar. Este texto reporta los hallazgos de un año de análisis de las reuniones de Consejo Técnico en una escuela secundaria. A través de observación y entrevistas se llega a la conclusión de que la autonomía en la gestión escolar es una aspiración de los mismos directivos y docentes, pero que no se ve factible dados los mecanismos de coordinación prescritos centralmente.
Competencias socioemocionales en docentes de primaria y secundaria: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Lozano-Peña Gissela Macarena , Sáez-Delgado Fabiola Mabel , López-Angulo Yaranay
Published: March 2024

Las competencias socioemocionales docentes impactan positivamente la relación docente-estudiante, así como en la gestión y clima de aula; a su vez, influyen en los resultados académicos y competencias socioemocionales de los estudiantes. Este estudio tuvo por objetivo caracterizar elementos teóricos y metodológicos de investigaciones empíricas sobre competencias socioemocionales de docentes de primaria y secundaria. El método fue una revisión sistemática de la literatura de las bases de datos Web of Science, Scopus y ERIC de los últimos 10 años. La muestra fue de 15 investigaciones que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Los resultados mostraron que las investigaciones principalmente se han desarrollado en Europa, con muestras de hasta 200 participantes, con enfoque cuantitativo, así como la utilización de 21 instrumentos distintos para medir competencias socioemocionales en los docentes. Además, se identificaron 3 teorías, 5 modelos teóricos y 4 conceptualizaciones diferentes para referirse a competencias socioemocionales. En conclusión, existen diferentes posturas teóricas, conceptualizaciones y formas de medición de las competencias socioemocionales de los docentes. Se requiere avanzar en la realización de investigaciones empíricas basadas en el consenso de un modelo teórico que represente los aspectos comunes de las teorías.
Adolescentes que no asisten a ciclo básico: caracterización de su trayectoria académica, condiciones de vida y decisión de abandono.
Authors: De Melo Gioia , Failache Elisa , Machado Alina
Published: March 2024

Resumen. Este artículo analiza una encuesta a adolescentes de 15 años de edad en promedio, que dejaron de asistir al sistema educativo formal antes de culminar Ciclo Básico. Se realiza un análisis longitudinal que vincula la información que surge de la encuesta con información recolectada cuando se encontraban cursando educación primaria. Se analiza la relación entre la desvinculación educativa y las habilidades cognitivas, la auto-percepción de habilidades y las expectativas futuras de estudio, recabadas tres años antes. Más de dos tercios de estos adolescentes dejó de asistir cuando tenía 14 años o menos y 40% nunca se matriculó en Educación Media. Así, las decisiones de interrumpir el vínculo con el sistema educativo también presentan una incidencia significativa a edades más tempranas que las generalmente señaladas en estudios previos. En la mayoría de los casos la decisión de abandonar los estudios fue apoyada por la familia o tomada en conjunto.
Artificial infection with Fusarium solani f.sp. passiflorae in plants of passion fruit under controlled conditions
Authors: Martinez-Lemus Erika Patricia , Osorio-Cardona Jairo Antonio , Hio Juan Climaco , Cruz-Castiblanco Ginna Natalia , Aguirre-Rodríguez Jaime Esneider , Rojas-Zambrano Emerson Duvan , Vergara-Avila Johan Andrés
Published: March 2024

Controlled infection systems constitute a valuable tool in the study of pathosystems, as they enable the observation and measurement of specific characteristics with greater precision and ease compared to natural conditions. Additionally, they are useful for exploring and identifying sources of resistance in host populations. However, the plant's response to infection can vary depending on the inoculation method; invasive methods can damage plant parts, thus facilitating pathogen entry even in the presence of certain resistance mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of an artificial infection protocol and an assessment scale for primary symptoms at the stem base/root collar, as well as secondary symptoms in leaves and roots of two Passiflora species. We evaluated the effects of inoculating planting substrates of sweet granadilla and purple passion fruit plants with three concentrations of F. solani f. sp. passiflorae (0.5 × 106, 1 × 106, and 2 × 106 conidia gram-1 of substrate), using non-inoculated plants as controls under controlled conditions. These treatments were tested in two separate experiments performed in 2017 and 2020.  The study included symptom development readings integrated in a disease severity index (SI) for collar rot. Both experiments showed severity indices greater that 56%, indicating a high level of efficacy of the inoculation system for replicating disease symptoms in greenhouse settings. Our inoculation method reflects the conditions of natural infection of F. solani in sweet granadilla and purple passion fruit plants; it could be suitable for epidemiological and disease control studies, as well as for routine germplasm screening to identify sources of resistance.
Modelagem e planejamento de sistemas de produção agropecuária: manual de aplicação da programação matemática
Authors: Silva Neto Benedito , Henriques Angélica de Oliveira
Published: March 2024

O presente livro pretende preencher uma lacuna existente na literatura relacionada à aplicação da programação matemática ao estudo de sistemas de produção agropecuária. Após uma breve, porém importante, análise do significado econômica da microeconômica para a sociedade, o livro, concentra-se especificamente nas dificuldades relacionadas ao processo de modelagem, recorrendo largamente a noções intuitivas para a discussão dos seus fundamentos matemáticos. Este procedimento se justifica pelo objetivo do livro de tornar a programação matemática uma ferramenta de uso cotidiano não apenas para pesquisadores, mas também para técnicos e agricultores, e potencializar o seu uso no ensino. Por outro lado, na elaboração da presente obra os autores não desconsideram o fato de uma abordagem das unidades de produção agropecuárias como sistemas complexos e abertos é incontornável à luz da literatura recente sobre abordagens sistêmicas. Por esta razão propõe-se neste livro um uso prospectivo e analítico da programação matemática, em detrimento de aplicações da mesma com finalidades preditivas e normativas. Neste sentido, argumenta-se que a programação matemática pode ser uma poderosa ferramenta para que os técnicos testem a coerência dos seus conhecimentos sobre determinado sistema de produção, devendo, portanto, ser usada junto aos agricultores mais para identificar potencialidades e, a partir disso, discutir alternativas de intervenção, do que para definir sistemas de produção de forma rígida. Assim, apesar do caráter essencialmente introdutório deste livro, nele encontram-se também vários tópicos avançados sobre a modelagem de sistemas de produção agropecuária, como por exemplo, a sua relação com as decisões tomadas pela sociedade sobre as suas riquezas e a consideração no processo de modelagem de incertezas não-probabilísticas na atividade agropecuária.
Lomu spēles kā ierosmes avots tekstveides nodarbībās 4.–9. klasē
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Deruma Paula Sonita
Published: March 2024

Darba mērķis ir pierādīt, ka radoši uzdevumi, tajā skaitā lomu spēles, skolēniem palīdz ne tikai ģenerēt interesantas idejas tekstveides darbiem, bet arī celt motivāciju mācīties. Pētījuma metodes: teorētiskās literatūras analīze, pedagoģiskā izmēģinājuma darbība, aprakstošā metode. Pētījumā secināts: tā kā lomu spēlē radītās sarunas scenārijs iepriekš nav zināms un tiek radīts spontāni, tas parasti ir ļoti radošs, oriģināls, līdz ar to izmantojams kā ierosmes avots radošiem tekstveides darbiem. Spēlējot lomu spēles, skolēni pilnībā iejūtas citas personas lomā, līdz ar to spēj uz notikumiem skatīties no citas puses un lietot citādu valodas stilu nekā ikdienas sarunvalodā. Ar lomu spēļu un radošu uzdevumu palīdzību pat sarežģītu, nopietnu mācību tematu apguvi, piemēram, lietišķo rakstu pareizrakstību, iespējams padarīt skolēniem saistošu. Tekstveides uzdevumi, kuros izmanto lomu spēles, skolēnos veicina radošumu un mācību procesu padara saistošāku.