bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A kábítószer-előállító laborok veszélyei – esetleírás
Authors: Varga Péter
Published: January 2025

Following up on a specific case, the author provides an overview of the challenges the appearance of new drug-producing laboratories pose for law enforcement in Hungary.
A titkos adatgyűjtés eredményének bizonyítékként történő felhasználásáról
Authors: Kis László
Published: January 2025

The author provides an overview of how information retrieved during covert operations can be used as evidence in criminal procedures, in the light of recent legislative changes in Hungary.
Twenty-Five Battalion, The Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) Changing the Decorum in the South African Parliament, 2014 to 2018
Authors: Soldaat Mohau
Published: January 2025

Since the twilight of apartheid, the African National Congress (ANC) has dominated the politics of South Africa. Post-1994, the first democratic parliament adopted the British style of engagements, wherein people would always obey and follow the rules of the law without critiquing the law. In some instances, the law will be used to protect those who were at fault, be it corruption or misdemeanour. In the general elections of 2014, the Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) which was formed in 2013 got 25 seats in the National Assembly. The arrival of the EFF in the National Assembly is aimed at challenging the decorum of the parliamentary proceedings. The aim of this study was therefore to locate the EFF in South African politics. The study used desktop document analysis, which allowed the author to use various sources, viz. newspaper clippings, articles, books and interviews from various media houses. The study concluded that the EFF, in its first five years in the National Assembly, played a crucial role in challenging the decorum, wherein, identity could not mean the British style, but rather what they (EFF) represented. Broadly, the study contributes to the growing contemporary history scholarship, with special reference ti the EFF. Thus, political formations post-1994 should be studied for what they are, not what researchers would wish for them to be.

Keywords: Decorum, Parliament, Land Expropriation Without Compensation, National Assembly
“A Dream Spain”
Authors: Patea Viorica
Published: January 2025

This introduction offers an overview of Ezra Pound’s complex relationship to Spanish letters. Following details of Pound’s time in Spain, Viorica Patea examines his relationships with various characters who appear in The Cantos, as well as uncovers traces of Spain in The Spirit of Romance, Pound’s letters, and The Cantos. She recounts Pound’s interest in Lope de Vega’s theatre and El cantar de Mio Cid, and she analyzes Pound’s thinking on the interactions among the Spanish, Provençal, and Italian in pre-Renaissance Romance and Latin literatures, especially the neglected heritage of the troubadours. The Spirit of Romance (1910), she notes, became a substitute for the doctoral dissertation Pound never completed. Then in his Imagistic phase, his interest in Lope’s baroque theatre is seen as a misplaced philological quest. Patea goes on to argue that Pound’s rejection of Spanish literature through his middle years is more a Mauberleyan rejection of his own youthful interest in the baroque, a resistance he comes to reconcile in the 1950s when collaborating with José Vázquez Amaral on a full translation of The Cantos into Spanish.
Pound and Unamuno
Authors: Borham-Puyal Miriam
Published: January 2025

This chapter provides a detailed history of Ezra Pound’s correspondence with Spanish existentialist philosopher and writer, Miguel de Unamuno (1864–1936), a representative of the so-called Generation of ’98 and later Rector of the University of Salamanca, who ardently admired Anglo-American literature. In 1920, as a “foreign agent” for The Dial, Pound tried to open the journal to Spanish Literature and started corresponding with Unamuno. Miriam Borham-Puyal introduces the two poets’ brief correspondence and considers the implicit connections in thought and literary taste between them, as evidenced in previously unpublished material from Unamuno’s archives at the University of Salamanca. She discusses both the influence of literature in English on Unamuno’s writing and his influence on the English-speaking writer. She concludes that, although the full exchange that Pound may have envisioned having with Unamuno never materialized, nonetheless the two poets share significant convictions about the cross-cultural, cross-linguistic, transnational role of modern poetry.
Lines of Division
Authors: Kilgore-Caradec Jennifer
Published: January 2025

This chapter opens by acknowledging Nancy Cunard’s and Ezra Pound’s divided views on the Spanish Civil War but then argues for the importance of their collaborative associations before and afterwards. Considering Pound’s influence on both Cunard’s poetry and her publishing ventures, as well as her introducing Pound to Langston Hughes’s poetry, Jennifer Kilgore-Caradec recounts others important to Cunard, such as the African American jazz pianist Henry Crowder, to whom Pound pays tribute in The Pisan Cantos. Cunard’s The Hours Press (founded 1928) published known and unknown authors, including Pound and the anthology, NEGRO (1934), which featured contributions from Hughes and an anonymous letter to Pound. From 1936 on, as a journalist, Cunard reported on the Spanish Civil War, then assisted refugees after the war. She also commissioned writers across Europe to state their positions on the war for the Left Review, to which both T. S. Eliot and Pound replied, unconventionally. Concerning Cunard’s writing, Kilgore-Caradec examines her and Hughes’s differences with Pound yet documents the three writers’ regard for each other, noting Pound’s and Cunard’s later friendship, and Hughes’s visit to Pound at St. Elizabeths.
“It wasn’t going to go anywhere”
Authors: Laws Sara
Published: January 2025

Sara Laws identifies Kyger’s approach to Buddhism as messier and more mundane than that of Gary Snyder, whose Buddhism appears clean, orderly, and masculine, as well as grounded in traditional Rinzai Zen practice. Laws presents Snyder as a foil to Kyger in order to bring out new ways to see Kyger as a Buddhist poet. Laws’s reading of the Platform Sutra of the 6th Patriarch, Huineng, carries into an analysis of Kyger’s Penelope poems in The Tapestry and the Web, with emphasis on mundanity not grandeur, the empty mind expressed in her poetry’s attention to the ordinary aspects of daily life. Laws’s analysis extends beyond Japan to poems of Kyger’s life in Bolinas in the 1970s.
Eight New Candidate Multiplanet Systems among TESS Objects of Interest
Authors: Munavar Hussain Mohamed Jassim , Kunimoto Michelle
Published: January 2025

We present a search of the TESS Object of Interest (TOI) Catalog for new multiplanet systems. We perform a Box Least Squares search on light curves prepared by the Quick-Look Pipeline to recover known candidates and perform a targeted search for additional candidates in each system. Following vetting and manual inspection, we present eight new planet candidates in multiplanet systems. Highlighted systems include TOI-2037 and TOI-6543, each displaying a nearness to a 2:1 orbital resonance. Four candidates in the TOI-5624 system, including our candidate TIC 53498154.02, have gained TOI status. If confirmed, the TOI-5624 system becomes the 29th known five-planet system. Our identification of candidate TIC 302305400.02 in the TOI-5487 system presents an interesting case study for the formation of hot Jupiter systems, potentially marking the first known system harboring a close-in giant outer companion to an existing hot Jupiter.
Can Active Galactic Nuclei Activity Be Enhanced by Ram Pressure Stripping?—X-Ray Perspective
Authors: Tiwari Juhi , Sun Ming , Luo Rongxin , Fossati Matteo , J. Chen Chien-Ting , Tamhane Prathamesh
Published: January 2025

Ram pressure stripping (RPS) is an important process that plays a significant role in shaping the evolution of cluster galaxies and their surrounding environment. Despite its recognized significance, the potential connection between RPS and active galactic nuclei (AGN) activity in cluster galaxies remains poorly understood. Recent claims, based on optical emission-line diagnostics, have suggested such a connection. Here, we investigate this relationship from an X-ray perspective, using a sample of galaxies undergoing RPS in four nearby galaxy clusters: A1656, A1367, A426, and A3627. This study is the first to test such a connection from an X-ray standpoint. Our analysis reveals no signs of enhanced X-ray AGN activity in our sample, with most RPS galaxies (~90%) showing X-ray luminosities below 1041 erg s−1 in their central point sources. Moreover, there is no noticeable difference in X-ray AGN activity among RPS galaxies compared to a control sample of non-RPS galaxies, as demonstrated by the similar X-ray luminosities observed in their central point sources. While the most luminous X-ray AGN in our sample is found in ESO 137-002, a galaxy undergoing RPS in A3627, there is no evidence for a widespread enhancement of X-ray AGN activity due to RPS. Given the limited sample size of our study, this could also indicate that either the X-ray AGN enhancement from RPS is at most weak or the timescale for the X-ray AGN enhancement is short. This emphasizes the need for further investigations with larger X-ray samples to better understand the impact of RPS on AGN activity in cluster galaxies.
Tides on Lava Worlds: Application to Close-in Exoplanets and the Early Earth–Moon System
Authors: Farhat Mohammad , Auclair-Desrotour Pierre , Boué Gwenaël , Lichtenberg Tim , Laskar Jacques
Published: January 2025

Understanding the physics of planetary magma oceans has been the subject of growing efforts, in light of the increasing abundance of solar system samples and extrasolar surveys. A rocky planet harboring such an ocean is likely to interact tidally with its host star, planetary companions, or satellites. To date, however, models of the tidal response and heat generation of magma oceans have been restricted to the framework of weakly viscous solids, ignoring the dynamical fluid behavior of the ocean beyond a critical melt fraction. Here we provide a handy analytical model that accommodates this phase transition, allowing for a physical estimation of the tidal response of lava worlds. We apply the model in two settings: the tidal history of the early Earth–Moon system in the aftermath of the giant impact, and the tidal interplay between short-period exoplanets and their host stars. For the former, we show that the fluid behavior of the Earth's molten surface drives efficient early lunar recession to ~25 Earth radii within 104–105 yr, in contrast with earlier predictions. For close-in exoplanets, we report on how their molten surfaces significantly change their spin–orbit dynamics, allowing them to evade spin–orbit resonances and accelerating their track toward tidal synchronization from a gigayear to megayear timescale. Moreover, we reevaluate the energy budgets of detected close-in exoplanets, highlighting how the surface thermodynamics of these planets are likely controlled by enhanced, fluid-driven tidal heating, rather than vigorous insolation, and how this regime change substantially alters predictions for their surface temperatures.
Finding Lensed Radio Sources with the Very Large Array Sky Survey
Authors: Martinez Michael N. , Gordon Yjan A. , Bechtol Keith , Cartwright Gillian , Ferguson Peter S. , Gorsuch Miranda
Published: January 2025

Radio observations of strongly lensed objects are valuable as cosmological probes. Lensed radio sources have proven difficult to identify, in large part due to the limited depth and angular resolution of the previous generation of radio sky surveys, and, as such, only a few dozen lensed radio sources are known. In this work, we present the results of a pilot study, using the Very Large Array Sky Survey (VLASS) in combination with optical data to more efficiently identify lensed radio sources. We obtain high-resolution (0

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″

2) VLA follow-up observations for 11 targets that we identify using three different techniques: (i) a search for compact radio sources offset from galaxies with high lensing potential, (ii) VLASS detections of known lensed galaxies, and (iii) VLASS detections of known lensed quasars. Five of our targets show radio emission from the lensed images, including 100% of the lensed optical quasar systems. This work demonstrates the efficacy of combining deep- and high-resolution wide-area radio and optical survey data to efficiently find lensed radio sources, and we discuss the potential impact of such an approach using next-generation surveys with the Vera C. Rubin Observatory, Euclid, and Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope.
Simulations of Eccentricity Growth in Compact Binary Accretion Disks with Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence
Authors: Ohana Morgan , Jiang 姜 Yan-Fei 燕飞 , Blaes Omer , Oyang Bryance
Published: January 2025

We present the results of four magnetohydrodynamic simulations and one alpha-disk simulation of accretion disks in a compact binary system, neglecting vertical stratification and assuming a locally isothermal equation of state. We demonstrate that in the presence of a net vertical field, disks that extend out to the 3:1 mean-motion resonance grow eccentricity in full MHD in much the same way as in hydrodynamical disks. Hence, turbulence due to the magnetorotational instability (MRI) does not impede the tidally driven growth of eccentricity in any meaningful way. However, we find two important differences with alpha-disk theory. First, in MHD, eccentricity builds up in the inner disk with a series of episodes of radial disk-breaking into two misaligned eccentric disks, separated by a region of circular orbits. Standing eccentric waves are often present in the inner eccentric disk. Second, the successful spreading of an accretion disk with MRI turbulence out to the resonant radius is nontrivial—and much harder than spreading an alpha disk. This is due to the tendency to develop overdense rings in which tidal torques overwhelm MRI transport and truncate the disk too early. We believe that the inability to spread the disk sufficiently was the reason why our previous attempt to excite eccentricity via the 3:1 mean-motion resonance with MHD failed. Exactly how MHD disks successfully spread outward in compact binary systems is an important problem that has not yet been understood.
Physical Pathways for JWST-observed Supermassive Black Holes in the Early Universe
Authors: Jeon Junehyoung , Bromm Volker , Liu Boyuan , Finkelstein Steven L.
Published: January 2025

Observations with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) have revealed active galactic nuclei (AGN) powered by supermassive black holes (SMBHs) with estimated masses of 107–108
M
⊙ at redshifts z ∼ 7–9. Some reside in overmassive systems with higher AGN to stellar mass ratios than locally. Understanding how massive black holes could form so early in cosmic history and affect their environment to establish the observed relations today are some of the major open questions in astrophysics and cosmology. One model to create these massive objects is through direct collapse black holes (DCBHs) that provide massive seeds (∼105–106
M
⊙), able to reach high masses in the limited time available. We use the cosmological simulation code GIZMO to study the formation and growth of DCBH seeds in the early Universe. To grow the DCBHs, we implement a gas swallowing model set to match the Eddington accretion rate as long as the nearby gaseous environment, affected by stellar and accretion disk feedback, provides sufficient fuel. We find that to create massive AGN in overmassive systems at high redshifts, massive seeds accreting more efficiently than the fiducial Bondi–Hoyle model are needed. We assess whether the conditions for such enhanced accretion rates are realistic by considering limits on plausible transport mechanisms. We also examine various DCBH growth histories and find that mass growth is more sustained in overdense cosmological environments, where high gas densities are achieved locally. We discuss the exciting prospect to directly probe the assembly history of the first SMBHs with upcoming, ultradeep JWST surveys.
Deep Searches for Radio Pulsations and Bursts from Four Magnetar and a Magnetar-like Pulsar with FAST
Authors: Bai Juntao , Wang Na , Dai Shi , Wang Shuangqiang , Yuan Jianping , Yan Wenming , Shang Lunhua , Xu Xin , Dang Shijun , Zhang Zhen
Published: January 2025

We report on radio observations of four magnetars SGR 0501+4516, Swift 1834.9–0846, 1E 1841–045, SGR 1900+14, and a magnetar-like pulsar PSR J1846–0258 with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope at 1250 MHz. Notably, PSR J1846–0258 was observed 1 month after its 2020 X-ray outburst. The data from these observations were searched for periodic emissions and single pulses. No radio emission was detected for any of our targets. After accounting for the effect of red noise, the nondetections yield stringent upper limits on the radio flux density, with S
1250 ≤ 16.9 μJy for the four magnetars and the magnetar-like pulsar, along with constraints on single-pulse flux densities. Our deep radio observations suggest that these magnetars and the magnetar-like pulsar are indeed radio-quiet sources or unfavorably beamed. The resulting flux upper limits, along with previous findings, are discussed, highlighting the significance of further radio observations of radio-quiet magnetars and the high-B magnetar-like pulsar.
Investigating the Compositional Heterogeneity of Pure, Crystalline Plagioclase Exposures within the Moon’s Anorthositic Crust Using Moon Mineralogy Mapper and Diviner Data
Authors: Martinot Mélissa , Hanna Kerri L. Donaldson , Greenhagen Benjamin T. , Santori Luis , Peplowski Patrick N. , Cahill Joshua T. S.
Published: January 2025

Questions about the formation of the primary anorthositic crust of the Moon remain unanswered. Spectroscopic surveys of the lunar crust have evidenced the presence of pure, crystalline plagioclase exposures (PCPEs) across the surface, which are assumed to be remnants of the Moon's ancient anorthositic crust. Results from our work show that the plagioclase composition within PCPEs in all geochemical terranes is relatively uniform and consistent with highly calcic anorthite found in immature and mature Apollo highlands regolith samples. Observed variations in our spectroscopic data sets are likely related to maturity, not plagioclase composition, supporting a single crust-forming event rather than serial magmatism. To constrain the plagioclase composition within the primary anorthositic crust, we use remote sensing data from two instruments on board different lunar orbiters, Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) and Diviner Lunar Radiometer (Diviner). When working with data sets acquired by different instruments, coregistration is key if one wants to extract values from those instruments at the same point on the lunar surface. Due to the suboptimal selenolocation of the M3 observations, misalignments exist between the M3 data and Diviner data sets. Here we present a methodology for extracting both data sets from a single locality while mitigating offsets, and provide results about the composition of the primary anorthositic crust. M3 was used to identify regions of interest within previously reported PCPEs at a selection of craters, and Diviner Christiansen feature data was utilized to constrain these locations’ plagioclase composition by comparing them against laboratory measurements of Apollo 16 highland soil samples.
An Automated Occultation Network for Gravitational Mapping of the Trans-Neptunian Solar System
Authors: Gomes Daniel C. H. , Bernstein Gary M.
Published: January 2025

We explore the potential of an array of

O
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100
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small fixed telescopes, aligned along a meridian and automated to measure millions of occultations of Gaia stars by minor planets, to constrain gravitational signatures from a “Planet X” mass in the outer solar system. The accuracy of center-of-mass tracking of occulters is limited by photon noise, uncertainties in asteroid shapes, and Gaia’s astrometry of the occulted stars. Using both parametric calculations and survey simulations, we assess the total information obtainable from occultation measurements of main-belt asteroids (MBAs), Jovian Trojans, and trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs). We find that MBAs are the optimal target population due to their higher occultation rates and abundance of objects above Legacy Survey of Space and Time detection thresholds. A 10 yr survey of occultations by MBAs and Trojans using an array of 200 40 cm telescopes at 5 km separation would achieve 5σ sensitivity to the gravitational tidal field of a 5M
⊕ Planet X at 800 au for >90% of potential sky locations. This configuration corresponds to an initial cost of ≈$15 million. While the survey's sensitivity to tidal forces improves rapidly with increasing number of telescopes, sensitivity to a Planet X becomes limited by degeneracy with the uncertain masses of large moonless TNOs. The 200-telescope survey would additionally detect ≈1800 TNO occultations, providing detailed shape, size, and albedo information. It would also measure the Yarkovsky effect on many individual MBAs, measure masses of many asteroids involved in mutual gravitational deflections, and enable better searches for primordial black holes and departures from general relativity.
Pollinator species richness and abundance across diverse habitat-types on Terceira Island (Azores, Portugal)
Authors: Boieiro Mário , Oliveira Raúl , Costa Ricardo , Borges Paulo
Published: January 2025

Azorean biodiversity is relatively well-known following important scientific contributions during the last three decades. These have set a comprehensive species checklist for the Archipelago, improved significantly the knowledge on species abundance, ecology and distribution and have contributed to define priorities for conservation management and scientific research. Nevertheless, despite these efforts, a key functional group - the pollinators - remains poorly known in Azores, including their occurrence in different habitat-types and islands. Insect pollinators play a key ecological role and a valuable ecosystem service being crucial to having basic information on their abundance, distribution and ecology and a good knowledge on the status of their populations, if we aim to ensure the long-term sustainability of terrestrial ecosystems. Furthermore, island ecosystems are facing significant pressures from land-use and climatic changes and, from the increasing arrival of alien species to these remote areas, presenting a pressing need to assess the effects of these factors on island pollinators and pollination.

Here, we present an inventory of the pollinator species found in different habitat-types of Terceira along a gradient of disturbance and encompassing 30 sites distributed throughout the island. We identified 2547 pollinators from 40 taxa, mostly dipterans and hymenopterans and recorded novel information on species distribution and ecological associations. A high number of taxa are native species, including three Azorean endemics, but 14 species are alien to the Archipelago. The use of a combination of standardised sampling techniques allowed us to collect information on diverse pollinator groups, but, most importantly, the data collected will contribute to assess the impacts of human activities on pollinator abundance and richness and support decision-making on habitat management for pollinators in the Azores.
Supporting Biodiversity Dataset Preparation: An Introduction to the TaiBIF Open Data Toolkit
Authors: Liu Melissa Jean-Yi , Jhang Jhu-Jyun , Hoh Daphne , Chang Chun-I , Tuanmu Mao-Ning
Published: January 2025

The Darwin Core standard (DwC; Darwin Core Task Group 2009) and the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) new data model provide a flexible set of biodiversity data fields to accommodate various thematic datasets such as taxonomic checklists, sampling events, eDNA metabarcoding, ecological survey data, etc. However, this flexibility can make it challenging for data providers to get started, often leading to frustration when trying to map their original data fields to DwC terms. Additionally, while data cleaning is crucial for enhancing data quality (Chapman 2005), it requires significant expertise and effort, which may hinder the mobilization of high-quality data. To address these common pain points in data mobilization, the Taiwan Biodiversity Information Facility (TaiBIF) developed the TaiBIF Open Data Toolkit (ODT) by integrating various thematic dataset templates, DwC terms, the Nansen Legacy Excel Template Generator, Excel data editing interfaces (e.g, filter, cell editing, AutoFill), GBIF Data Validator, and the OpenRefine. We combined the strengths of each tool to create a straightforward workflow from data sheet generation (Fig. 1, Fig. 2), data validation (Fig. 3), data cleaning to dataset packaging (Fig. 4). We hope the toolkit aligns with the needs of data publishers and facilitates a smoother and more user-friendly process of data management and publishing.
Computational Game Unit Balancing based on Game Theory
Authors: Önal Emre , Bülbül Abdullah
Published: January 2025

Optimizing game elements through iterative human playtests can be time-consuming and insufficient for games with complex intransitive mechanics. Imbalances in games often require the release of numerous balance patches. We present a computational method for making each game unit equally preferable against a uniform play strategy. We leverage concepts from game theory to model intricate relationships among intransitive entities. Matching units against each other is modeled as a symmetric zero-sum game, where unit selection represents a strategy and the error is quantified using payoff values derived from unit parameters. The algorithm takes the initial unit parameters provided by the game designer and optimizes them with minimal changes using gradient descent. Consequently, the payoff matrix converges to a state where a uniform strategy is a near Nash equilibrium, ensuring that each unit is equally preferable under the optimized condition. We implemented a testing environment based on fictitious play and verified our results on different scenarios. While the majority of game theory research focuses on finding optimal strategies given specific environmental conditions, this paper takes a different perspective within the context of game design. We explore game theoretic concepts to address the goal of designing environments that lead to desired strategy choices.
Internet est-il un (bien) commun ?
Authors: Peugeot Valérie
Published: January 2025

Internet et le Web, ces infrastructures qui sous-tendent l’essentiel des services numériques d’aujourd’hui et de demain, ont été pensés par leurs fondateurs comme des biens communs, des ressources partagées ouvertes à l’innovation et la créativité de tout un chacun. Cette spécificité a été un facteur majeur dans l’explosion des services que nous avons connue depuis le milieu des années 1990. Mais, en 2018, peut-on encore considérer Internet et le Web comme des communs ? Après une exploration de la définition des communs et des différentes interprétations qui en sont faites, nous remonterons, dans un premier temps, l’histoire d’Internet afin de comprendre en quoi les réseaux numériques répondent aux critères précédemment définis. Dans un second temps, nous nous pencherons sur les mondes numériques contemporains pour questionner, non pas tant le caractère partagé de ces ressources que les finalités poursuivies par ceux qui les mobilisent.
Les déclinaisons de la neutralité
Authors: Abiteboul Serge
Published: January 2025

Le monde est devenu numérique, et notre économie comme notre société en sont transformées. Nous pouvons nous féliciter de toutes les connaissances facilement accessibles, des nouveaux moyens de communiquer, des révolutions du commerce… Mais, bien sûr, tout cela s’accompagne de risques. Dans cet article, nous considérerons tout d’abord la neutralité du réseau. Puis nous étendrons cette neutralité aux services du Web et aux terminaux qui nous permettent d’accéder au réseau. Le but de ces différentes formes de neutralité est de faire d’Internet un espace de liberté, un terrain de jeu commercial équitable, un bien commun au service de tous.
Le numérique chez ENGIE : quelle organisation pour quel business model ?
Authors: Kocher Isabelle
Published: January 2025

Comme d’autres avant lui, le secteur de l’énergie est bouleversé par la révolution numérique. Nouvelles méthodes de gestion des actifs de production, réinvention des relations clients, explosion du champ du smart  : la révolution numérique entraîne un changement radical de modèle. Là où le système était centralisé et reposait sur quelques grandes unités de production et un réseau unidimensionnel, le système est devenu horizontal et variable. La frontière entre producteur et consommateur s’efface. Le temps s’accélère : nous ne sommes plus à l’âge des investissements sur des temps longs dans les grands actifs industriels. À présent, la décentralisation des installations et la puissance du logiciel imposent un rythme rapide et une conception itérative sur le mode du test and learn . Dans ce nouveau monde, les acteurs de l’énergie n’ont pas d’autre choix que de développer à la fois des méthodes de travail agiles et le potentiel d’innovation interne.
Quelle régulation juridique pour l’intelligence artificielle ?
Authors: Bensoussan Alain
Published: January 2025

Aujourd’hui omniprésente, l’intelligence artificielle (IA) a un impact, par sa transversalité, sur tous les secteurs, à tel point que rares seront les activités humaines dont elle restera exclue. Levier de croissance de nature à modifier en profondeur les modes de production et les modèles économiques existants, elle préfigure, aux yeux de certains, de nouveaux types de rapports sociaux qui ne seraient pas purement humains. D’où l’importance de concevoir une stratégie de régulation de l’IA par l’éthique, mais aussi par le droit. Et de mettre en place un véritable écosystème juridique propre aux algorithmes. D’autant que l’implication des plus grands acteurs de l’économie numérique mondiale, l’importance des enjeux financiers, l’engouement de la recherche et les questions d’acceptabilité sociale constituent une assise particulièrement solide à l’avènement d’un véritable droit de l’intelligence artificielle.
Intelligence artificielle et sécurité nationale
Authors: Barnu Julien
Published: January 2025

L’intelligence artificielle (IA) est susceptible d'être une technologie clé pour les intérêts de la défense et de la sécurité nationale, notamment dans les domaines de la cyberdéfense et du renseignement technique. Le développement de l’IA dans ce secteur nécessite cependant de prendre en compte certains aspects spécifiques, dont le besoin de structurer les données opérationnelles et d’organiser l’accès à ces données en fonction de leur niveau de sensibilité, ainsi que la question cruciale de l’évaluation de la confiance dans les systèmes d’IA.
Intelligence artificielle et travail : le défi organisationnel
Authors: Benhamou Salima
Published: January 2025

Cet article analyse comment l'intelligence artificielle (IA) peut transformer le travail, en tenant compte à la fois du potentiel de cette technologie et de ses limites. En s’appuyant sur plusieurs illustrations sectorielles, l’article souligne que les tâches qui composent les emplois dans ces secteurs ne peuvent pas toujours être automatisées par l'IA et que, dans de nombreux cas, les dispositifs basés sur l'IA sont utilisés de manière complémentaire à l’intervention humaine. En somme, pour minimiser les risques de substitution entre le travail humain et le travail par une IA, il est essentiel de favoriser la diffusion à grande échelle des organisations du travail apprenantes, mieux adaptées pour favoriser la complémentarité entre la machine et l'humain.
Au cœur ou en marge de la Commission européenne ?
Authors: Ballatore Magali
Published: January 2025

Les représentations dominantes de la Commission européenne donnent à penser que son personnel est issu d’une « élite » favorisée, mobile et fortement privilégiée. Un travail long sur le terrain invite à contraster cette représentation. Dans cette contribution, après avoir présenté l’évolution des problématiques en matière de migration « qualifiée » et la manière dont l’ethnographie permet de comprendre les expériences au cœur et en marge de la Commission européenne, il s’agira de décrire les différentes activités et pratiques, entre sphères professionnelle et privée, des « jeunes » Européens, en emploi temporaire à la Commission européenne de Bruxelles, institution cosmopolite. Fondée sur une enquête mixte qui a eu lieu entre 2010 et 2015 à Bruxelles, par observation directe et/ou participante, entretiens et questionnaires, cette contribution s’intéressera à l’apport de la démarche ethnographique, à l’analyse des vécus et représentations de ce personnel, prenant au sérieux l’impact des origines sociales et géographiques qui composent le groupe, mais aussi l’effet d l'âge et du genre, qui permettent de comprendre leurs trajectoires, entre ancrage et mobilité.
Incorporating changeable attitudes toward vaccination into compartment models for infectious diseases
Authors: Jiang Yi , Kurianski Kristin M. , Lee Jane HyoJin , Ma Yanping , Cicala Daniel , Ledder Glenn
Published: January 2025

We develop a mechanistic model that classifies individuals both in terms of epidemiological status (SIR) and vaccination attitude (Willing or Unwilling/Unable), with the goal of discovering how disease spread is influenced by changing opinions about vaccination. Analysis of the model identifies the existence and stability criteria for both disease-free and endemic disease equilibria. The analytical results, supported by numerical simulations, show that attitude changes induced by disease prevalence can destabilize endemic disease equilibria, resulting in limit cycles.
Using asymptotics for efficient stability determination in epidemiological models
Authors: Ledder Glenn
Published: January 2025

Local stability analysis is an important tool in the study of dynamical systems. When the goal is to determine the effect of parameter values on stability, it is necessary to perform the analysis without explicit parameter values. For systems with three components, the usual method of finding the characteristic polynomial as $ \det(J-\lambda I) $ and applying the Routh-Hurwitz conditions is reasonably efficient. For larger systems of four to six components, the method is impractical, as the calculations become too messy. In epidemiological models, there is often a very small parameter that appears as the ratio of a disease-based timescale to a demographic timescale; this allows efficient use of asymptotic approximation to simplify the calculations at little cost. Here, we describe the tools and a set of guidelines that are generally useful in applying the method, followed by two examples of efficient stability analysis.
The asymmetric effects of cross-border equity flow volatility on equity market returns in SANEK countries
Authors: Pamba Dumisani , Mukorera Sophia , Moores-Pitt Peter
Published: January 2025

We investigated the effects of cross-border equity flow volatility (EFV) on equity market returns (EMR) in SANEK countries (South Africa, Nigeria, Egypt, and Kenya) using the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) model from 2000Q1 to 2021Q4. This model includes macro-finance variables such as stock price volatility, market capitalization, interest rates, exchange rate risk, and inflation risk. Our findings revealed that cross-border equity flow volatility has a significant impact on equity market returns in SANEK countries, with both short-term and long-term effects observed. The NARDL model revealed that positive shocks have a greater impact on South Africa, while negative shocks have a positive effect on Nigeria. In Kenya, positive shocks have a negative impact on the equity market, whereas in Egypt, they have a positive effect. These findings suggested that cross-border equity flow volatility affects equity market returns differently across SANEK countries. Investors and policymakers should therefore develop customized strategies to deal with global financial market complexities. South African investors should be cautious during positive shocks, while Nigerians may benefit from economic downturns. Kenyan policymakers should stabilize the equity market during positive shocks, while Egypt could leverage the positive effects. Understanding these market dynamics can help investors and policymakers make informed decisions to maximize returns and ensure stability, despite cross-border equity flow volatility.
Pour une histoire pratique des révolutions et des coups d’État
Authors: Patin Nicolas , Pinsolle Dominique
Published: January 2025

L’histoire des renversements du pouvoir ‑ révolutions ou coups d’État ‑ a très souvent été écrite dans le registre des idées politiques ou de l’histoire sociale ou politique des événements : l’environnement matériel de ces déstabilisations, tout comme la gestion du temps et de l’espace par les protagonistes, n’ont pas toujours reçu l’attention qui permet de comprendre la manière dont se sont très concrètement déroulés ces renversements. En proposant une « histoire pratique » des révolutions et des coups d’État en Europe, de 1789 aux années 1920, nous essayons de poser un jalon vers cette histoire plus attentive à ces dimensions matérielles et immatérielles.
Le libéralisme des Jules : Simon contre Ferry
Authors: Fouesneau Paul
Published: January 2025

Le premier projet de loi concernant l’enseignement primaire que Jules Ferry déposa en 1879 devant la représentation nationale échoua face à l’opposition de la fraction la plus centriste des républicains, menée au Sénat par Jules Simon. Celui-ci s’opposait à l’interdiction d’enseignement faite aux membres des congrégations religieuses (prévue par l’article 7), au nom d’un libéralisme de principe qui représentait, selon lui, l’essence même du républicanisme. Ferry répondait par la nécessité d’un libéralisme de gouvernement, plus pragmatique face à aux dangers que faisait peser le cléricalisme sur la société moderne. À la suite de cet échec, l’article 7 fut en réalité appliqué par décret le 29 mars 1880, marquant ainsi le départ d’une neutralisation religieuse de l’enseignement républicain. Ainsi, plus que d’un modèle théorique de la laïcité, le projet républicain fut le fruit d’une composition avec un contexte politique et social changeant, pour faire advenir une idée laïque de l’école républicaine.
Le « coup de mai » : le coup d’État de Józef Piłsudski en Pologne en 1926
Authors: Lehnstaedt Stephan
Published: January 2025

En mai 1926, Józef Piłsudski mena un coup d’État contre le gouvernement démocratiquement élu de Wincenty Witos et le président Stanisław Wojciechowski. Les études les plus approfondies sur ce « coup de mai » datent de l’époque communiste en Pologne, en 1990. Pourtant, la description historique de l’événement n’est pas très controversée dans la Pologne actuelle : Piłsudski est un héros national, et même si le gouvernement Witos, avec son orientation national-conservatrice, est souvent considéré comme une inspiration par certaines personnes aujourd’hui, le coup en lui-même n’est que rarement critiqué. Cet article propose une nouvelle vision de l’événement, et montre que, à l’inverse de l’image actuelle de Piłsudski comme un homme fort, le putsch n’était pas bien préparé : alors que le maréchal avait compté sur une passation de pouvoir rapide, après une simple intimidation, sa prise de pouvoir tint en grande partie au fait que le gouvernement en place refusa l’escalade militaire qui avait commencé à mener à un début de guerre civile.
Réparer la guerre d’Algérie ? L’affaire Mohamed Garne
Authors: Guttin-Vindot Louise
Published: January 2025

Le jeudi 22 novembre 2001, la cour régionale des pensions de Paris rend, après des années de procédure, son verdict : Mohamed Garne est le premier à être reconnu victime civile de violences perpétrées par des militaires français depuis la fin de la guerre d’indépendance algérienne. Si l’indemnité est maigre, le symbole est fort. Cet article a pour objet l’exploration des usages du droit et de la justice dans le temps long des sorties de guerre.
L’actualité de la pédagogie salésienne selon Guy Avanzini
Authors: Petitclerc Jean-Marie
Published: January 2025

Guy Avanzini, durant toute sa carrière universitaire, s’est tout particulièrement intéressé au courant pédagogique initié par Don Bosco, qualifié de « système préventif ». Il voyait dans cet éducateur, qui a œuvré auprès de la jeunesse en difficulté dans l’Italie du XIXème siècle, un véritable pédagogue des temps modernes, regrettant que son héritage soit si peu reconnu en France, à la différence de nombreux autres pays.Il organisa et anima plusieurs colloques interuniversitaires sur le thème de la modernité de cette pédagogie, qualifiée de salésienne en référence à la spiritualité de François de Sales. Cet article reprend, en les synthétisant, les principaux apports de Guy Avanzini dans ses interventions, en particulier sur le thème cher à Don Bosco de l’ « amorevolezza » (une affection guidée par une intentionnalité éducative).Il a pour objet de mettre en lumière l’actualité de cette pédagogie de la confiance, de l’espérance et de l’alliance.
Unleashing Human Potential
Authors: Najar Mehrajudin Aslam Aslam
Published: January 2025

This chapter explores how artificial intelligence (AI) augments human capabilities across sectors like healthcare, education, and business, emphasizing ethical considerations. It addresses challenges such as bias in algorithms and workforce displacement while discussing future trends like natural language interfaces and brain-computer interfaces. It advocates for ethical governance, proactive reskilling, and inclusive AI development to ensure equitable societal benefits and sustainable progress.
Logistics Sprawl and Artificial Intelligence Revolving Urban Freight Transport
Authors: El Yadari Manal , Jawab Fouad , Moufad Imane
Published: January 2025

Artificial intelligence has made great strides in various fields, especially in improving logistics operations and freight transportation. This chapter aims to highlight the importance of applying AI to manage logistics sprawl phenomenon. The research focused on analyzing the impact of AI use on the performance of urban freight transport under logistics sprawling conditions. To achieve this, the authors carried out a literature review to explore the use of different AI categories including machine learning, deep learning, natural language processing, visual data processing, reinforcement learning (RL), and specialized algorithms, to optimise freight transport activities within a logistics sprawl context.
Cyber Eyes Wide Open
Authors: Paracha Samiullah , Hall Lynne , Hagan-Green Gillian , Watson Derek
Published: January 2025

This chapter showcases a collaboration between creatives, artists, academics, cyber security professionals and companies to create artworks that increased awareness of cyber security. The aim was to offer creative perspectives and practices into how cyber security might be better understood through creating visualizations, experiences and narratives that could enable communication and insight. Four cyber security businesses each provided a theme resulting in vibrant collaborations between the companies, four academics and eight artists. Eleven projects and forty two pieces of art were developed and exhibited in two exhibitions in the Northeast where over hundred people viewed the works. Evaluation indicated that the artworks had an impact, with people more aware of cyber security.
Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Education in Bangladesh
Authors: Tarafdar Swapnil , Afroz Sumona , Ashrafuzzaman Md.
Published: January 2025

This chapter highlights the transformative impact of Artificial Intelligence on the education sector in Bangladesh, reshaping the learning experience for students. It emphasizes how AI fosters personalized learning, increases access to resources, and enhances skill development, while also addressing challenges like infrastructural limitations, teacher readiness, and societal resistance. The discussion includes important ethical considerations, such as data privacy and algorithmic fairness, underscoring the need for responsible integration. By synthesizing existing literature, the paper clarifies the complex relationship between AI and education and suggests avenues for further research. Collaboration among policymakers, administrators, students, and technology developers is crucial to ensure that AI benefits all learners in Bangladesh. The research highlights some key issues that are of the essence to inform the discussion on AI in education and as guidelines for developing a more inclusive and operational structure for education in Bangladesh.
Exploring Dynamic Volatility Transmission in Canadian and Global Financial Markets
Authors: Varoglu Nesibe , Varoglu Aysel
Published: January 2025

This paper investigates the volatility transmission between the S&P/TSX and key global financial markets, including the S&P500, Gold, VIX, WTI, and Brent Crude Oil (BO), using the Dynamic Correlation-Multivariate Stochastic Volatility (DC-MSV) model. By analyzing daily market index returns, the study uncovers dynamic volatility interactions and spillovers, providing valuable insights into how shocks in one market can affect others. The findings reveal significant bidirectional volatility transmission between the S&P/TSX and S&P500, with notable unidirectional spillovers to Gold and WTI. The results have important implications for financial professionals, especially in Canada, where market volatility and global economic dynamics directly impact investment strategies and risk management. This paper contributes to the literature by offering a comprehensive understanding of volatility transmission across diverse markets and its relevance for portfolio diversification, economic forecasting, and policy formulation.
A Fatores determinantes do endividamento dos clubes de futebol brasileiro: uma análise entre os períodos de 2014 e 2020 por meio de regressão quantílica
Authors: De Morais Alex Eugênio Altrão , Januzzi Flávia Vital
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: Esta pesquisa busca analisar os determinantes do endividamento das principais agremiações de futebol do Brasil na atualidade, investigando a relação entre o patamar dos endividamentos total, de curto e longo prazo e os fatores determinísticos paralelos à literatura (rentabilidade, risco, tamanho, tangibilidade e oportunidades de crescimento).
Método: O estudo é baseado em dados contábeis compilados das demonstrações financeiras publicadas pelos clubes de futebol brasileiros, entre o período de 2014 e 2020, utilizando a regressão quantílica para obtenção das estimativas.
Originalidade/Relevância: A evolução do futebol lúdico para o futebol de negócios trouxe uma necessidade constante aos clubes de busca por novas fontes de financiamento, o que aproximaria as entidades esportivas das empresariais. E neste cenário surge a discussão da estrutura de capital para as agremiações de futebol. Embora a literatura de estrutura de capital seja abrangente e tenha evoluído nos últimos anos, ainda não há um consenso entre os pesquisadores da teoria de finanças acerca do enquadramento teórico das modernas estruturas de capital. Desde a discussão de uma estrutura ótima proposta por Modigliani e Miller (1958) diversos estudos empíricos buscam comprovar tal contexto.
Resultados: Os achados indicam que os fatores de capacidade de geração de caixa e a longevidade do clube no eixo Rio-São Paulo podem determinar a estrutura de capital das entidades nos diversos níveis de endividamento, enquanto a rentabilidade, o tamanho e a capacidade de pagamento das dívidas mostraram-se insignificantes em todos os cenários, contrariando os prescritos pelas teorias modernas da estrutura de capital (Teoria Trade-off e Pecking Order).
Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas/práticas: Este trabalho além de contribuir com a busca de determinantes para os estudos empíricos da estrutura de capital, avalia de forma segregada as estruturas das entidades conhecidas por um alto nível endividamento no Brasil, os clubes de futebol.