bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uniwersalny zakres etyki cnót i wad
Authors: Mrozek Michał
Published: February 2025

DEFINICJA POJĘCIA: Autorzy dokumentu Międzynarodowej Komisji Teologicznej W poszukiwaniu etyki uniwersalnej: nowe spojrzenie na prawo naturalne proponują, aby patrzeć na uszczegółowienie prawa naturalnego przez pryzmat moralności cnót. Tego rodzaju podejście inspiruje się aretologią św. Tomasza z Akwinu.
ANALIZA HISTORYCZNA POJĘCIA: Koncepcja cnót i wad sięga starożytnej Grecji. Chrześcijaństwo przejęło tę tradycję i poszerzyło ją o cnoty teologalne. Święty Tomasz rozróżnił dokładniej cnoty na poziomie naturalnego działania człowieka oraz cnoty powiązane z nadprzyrodzonym darem łaski. O ile cnoty teologalne pozostają zależne od Bożego objawienia, o tyle cnoty kardynalne mogą być zarówno darem łaski, jak i owocem naturalnej pracy nad sobą.
UJĘCIE PROBLEMOWE POJĘCIA: Wolność, prawo i cnoty wydają się przynależeć do odrębnych porządków. U św. Tomasza stanowią one jednak ściśle powiązaną ze sobą i spójną całość. Servais Pinckaers w przejrzysty sposób wyjaśnia historyczne transformacje tych pojęć oraz ich wzajemnych korelacji. Pozwala to dostrzec w cnotach głębszy sens wolności oraz nadrzędną celowość prawa.
REFLEKSJA SYSTEMATYCZNA Z WNIOSKAMI I REKOMENDACJAMI: Istnieje poważne ryzyko odczytywania dawnych systemów moralnych przez pryzmat obcych im założeń. Świadomość zmiany paradygmatu pozwala na głębsze zrozumienie nie tylko uwarunkowań i założeń dawnych systemów moralnych, lecz także współczesnych. Estetyczny wymiar piękna cnotliwego działania oraz brzydoty wad stanowił integralny element starożytnej i średniowiecznej refleksji moralnej. Odnowienie tego rodzaju refleksji może pomóc w dialogu z ludźmi dobrej woli należącymi do różnych tradycji religijnych i kulturowych.
Ekonomia międzynarodowa: pojęcie, obszary i metody badawcze
Authors: Wach Krzysztof
Published: February 2025

DEFINICJA POJĘCIA: Ekonomia międzynarodowa to obszar ekonomii badający wzajemne relacje ekonomiczne między poszczególnymi gospodarkami (krajami) i wpływ tych relacji na sytuację gospodarczą na świecie i wewnątrz poszczególnych gospodarek, a także badający zachowania poszczególnych podmiotów w procesach internacjonalizacji i globalizacji. Innymi słowy ekonomia międzynarodowa bada przyczyny i skutki wymiany towarów, usług, kapitału i pracy między państwami oraz regulacje, które wpływają na tę wymianę, a także zachowania poszczególnych podmiotów biorących udział w tych procesach.
ANALIZA HISTORYCZNA POJĘCIA: Ekonomia międzynarodowa jako obszar badawczy została wyodrębniona na początku XX wieku, swój rozkwit zanotowała jednak po II wojnie światowej, wraz z rozwojem i liberalizacją handlu międzynarodowego. Istotną rolę w rozwoju ekonomii międzynarodowej zwłaszcza w wymiarze praktycznym (a nie tylko teoretycznym) odegrały rozwój technologii informacyjno-komunikacyjnych, wzrastająca współzależność gospodarcza poszczególnych gospodarek, a także integracja gospodarcza w różnych zakątkach świata.
UJĘCIE PROBLEMOWE POJĘCIA: Ekonomia międzynarodowa stosuje te same podstawowe metody badawcze co inne gałęzie ekonomii, choć ma swoją własną specyfikę badawczą. Różnorodność metod badawczych, od metod ilościowych po metody jakościowe, od modeli teoretycznych (analizy deskryptywne), przez modele statystyczne i ekonometryczne (analizy empiryczne), aż po zaawansowane symulacje i eksperymenty, pozwala ekonomistom na dogłębne zrozumienie procesów gospodarczych zachodzących na arenie międzynarodowej.
REFLEKSJA SYSTEMATYCZNA Z WNIOSKAMI I REKOMENDACJAMI: Ekonomia międzynarodowa odgrywa istotną rolę nie tylko w sferze akademickiej (jako obszar badań), ale również w polityce i praktyce gospodarczej (biznes międzynarodowy oraz polityka ekonomiczna), pomagając krajom i przedsiębiorstwom podejmować świadome decyzje w zglobalizowanym świecie. Dalszy rozwój ekonomii międzynarodowej jako subdyscypliny naukowej i pogłębianie wiedzy na temat międzynarodowych zjawisk gospodarczych i biznesowych są niezbędne, aby móc efektywnie reagować na wyzwania współczesnego świata, takie jak zmiany klimatyczne, migracje międzynarodowe, kryzysy finansowe i zadłużeniowe czy rosnące napięcia handlowe (protekcjonizm, subsydia, sankcje).
Neo-Assyrian Metaphors through the Telescope: Linguistic Patterns involving Body Part Constructions in the State Archives Letter Corpus
Authors: Ong Matthew , Gordin Shai
Published: February 2025

We present findings from a semi-automated linguistic analysis of the letter corpus of the online State Archives of Assyria project (SAAo), focusing on a specific grammatical configuration we dub a Body Part Construction (BPC). Based on a verb with a compound prepositional phrase involving a simple human body part (e.g., alāku ina muhhi), the BPC is a basic construction for extending the semantic range of prepositional expressions in first millennium Akkadian, particularly metaphors. While specific instances of this construction have been documented in the literature, no large scale survey of them has been conducted until now. Here we present basic distributional facts about BPCs in the SAAo letter corpus, and discuss certain features of a linguistic nature and their role in constructing metaphors. We observe that most BPCs express directed motion or metaphorical variants thereof, and that such BPCs also exhibit a minor dialectal difference depending on whether they appear in Neo-Assyrian or Neo-Babylonian texts. This paper should be of interest not only for its specific findings about BPCs, but also because of the semi-automated methods used to generate its survey data that benefit from a new machine learning based computational approach.
O Desafio Global do Desenvolvimento: Rumo à Conquista da Agenda 2030
Authors: Fava Junior João Roberto
Published: February 2025

This article aims to analyze the academic literature on the transition of international governance from the late 20th to the early 21st century and how the systems derived from this transition influence the pursuit of the Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development. By exploring the shift from a maximalist to a more minimalist approach in governance regimes, the article examines the impasses faced in the regimes of cooperation for development and climate change and how they impact the possibility of achieving the Agenda 2030. The realization of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) faces challenges due to the growing influence of the private sector, nationalist policies, and the North-South dichotomy. In this context, the article presents proposals from the literature to overcome contestations and construct an effective international governance regime to achieve the Agenda 2030, involving an expanded role for states and civil society and the pursuit of common ground among global actors. The text emphasizes the importance of holistic coordination and collective global action to attain a more equitable, secure, and sustainable future.
Medidas contingentes de defesa e seus impactos no comércio agrícola
Authors: Ferreira Carolina , Silva Jacqueline
Published: February 2025

This study analyzes the influence of contingent trade protective measures on agricultural trade between 2000 and 2016. We used a gravitational equation to evaluate the impact of antidumping (AD), countervailing (CV), and safeguard and special safeguard (SG+SSG) measures on worldwide bilateral imports. The findings indicate that antidumping measures exert a negative impact on imports, suggesting that their implementation leads to a reduction in trade between countries, potentially due to increased transaction costs. On the other hand, countervailing measures have a positive effect on trade as they are seen to play an important role in ensuring trade competition. The coefficient for safeguard measures was not statistically significant. Consequently, the results of this study provide valuable insights into the consequences of the adoption of trade defense measures, facilitating informed decision-making and strategic planning in trade policy.
The Assessment of Serum Cytokeratin 18 and Liver Function Tests in Chronic hepatitis B patients.
Authors: Zinah Abbass Ali  , Hawraa Mudheher Kadhim  , Shammar Samar Hasan , Najm Zainab mohsen
Published: February 2025

Background
     Chronic hepatitis is a clinical and pathological disorder, some biochemical testes like serum Alanine Amino-transferase (ALT), Aspartate Amino-transferase (AST) and total serum bilirubin (TSB) used to monitoring hepatitis diseases. Albumin  levels in serum  fall with liver disease progression, representing decreased synthesis. Prothrombin time evaluate the level of converted prothrombin to thrombin and this represent the synthetic function of the liver. In acute on chronic liver
Disease non apoptotic pattern of cell death is predominant .It is confirmed by cleaved K18. Cytokeratin 18 was measured  by  ELISA
Objectives: This study aimed to measure the ALT ,AST  ,TSB, Albumin ,PT and K18 levels inthe serum of Iraqi patients  who were having Liver disease And study the correlation  between the variables mentioned above
 
Materials and Methods: The study included approximately One hundred subjects, ages 20 to 60 year, who were split into two groups , Fifty patient with chronic hepatitisB virus,The second group comprises of 50 subjects who look to be in good health and serves as the control group.
 
Results  
    Serum levels of ALT, AST, TSB, PT and albumin displayed a significant increase in chronic hepatitis B virus group compare with control group .
 
Also, the current study revealed non-significant association of liver function tests with different age groups, except total serum Bilirubin values decline significantly with increasing age, and there was a significant gender difference in AST concentration. While, there was non-significant gender difference in further liver parameters.
Conclusion
Among chronic hepatitis B patientin Babylon province, abnormality of liver function tests in different age and gender groups; indicat the significant linke with the development of  chronic hepatitis B virus.
Learning Pars Plana Vitrectomy Procedure for Retinal Detachment
Authors: Eröz Pınar , Özer Ömer , Dinç Erdem , Yılmaz Emre Can , İş Kılıçdoğan Pınar
Published: February 2025

Aim: This study aimed to observe the development of surgical technique and anatomical success during the first 7 years of a new surgeon's performing retinal surgery.
Material and Method: Patients undergoing PPV surgery between January 2017 and January 2024 by an inexperienced surgeon in vitreoretinal surgery were studied. Surgical technique, tamponade type and anatomical success were recorded.
Results: Anatomical success was achieved in 88.1% of patients at the first surgery. There was no significant difference between groups in the number of surgeries required to achieve anatomical integrity and retinal stabilisation. (p=0.64). There was a statistically significant difference between groups in the type of tamponade used (p
Is Rectal Diameter a Predictor of Daytime Urinary Incontinence in Pediatric Patients?
Authors: Işık Güneş , Oktay Cemil , Yavuz Sibel
Published: February 2025

Objective: With this study, we aimed to evaulate the relationship between daytime urinary incontinence and transverse rectal diameter by using transabdominal ultrasound.
Method: In this study, pediatric patients were evaluated with symptoms of daytime urinary incontinence referred to the pediatric nephrology clinics of XXX University Faculty of Medicine between November 1, 2022 and January 1, 2023. This observational, cross-sectional study was carried out after obtaining ethics approval. The Dysfunctional Voiding Symptom Score developed by the International Children’s Continence Society was used for the diagnosis of lower urinary tract symptoms. Patients with a The Dysfunctional Voiding Symptom Score of ≥9 points were considered as having lower urinary tract symptoms. Transvers rectal diameter measurement was obtained behind the bladder in the axial plane from the outer wall to the outer wall of the rectum. The patients were assessed by the same radiologist.
Results: A total of 77 children were included in the study. The daytime urinary incontinence group included 39 children (19 boys, 20 girls), while the control group included 38 (16 boys, 22 girls) healthy children. There was no statistically significant difference between the patient group with daytime urinary incontinence and healthy control group when compared in terms of transverse rectal diameter measurements (p=0.387, t=0.870). There was no association between transverse rectal diameter and daytime urinary incontinence (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Our data suggest that increased rectal diameter is not the only predisposing factor for daytime urinary incontinence and neural mechanisms such as cross-organ sensitization are also may be effective in daytime urinary incontinence.
Effect of spatial orientation of toroidal roller on stress-strain state of cylindrical blank
Authors: Zaydes S.A. , Vu Quang Khai
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this work is to determine the stress-strain state of the surface layer of a cylindrical workpiece under the influence of a toroidal roller. The novelty of the research is the question of the influence of the spatial orientation of the working tool on the stress-strain state in the source of plastic deformation and residual stresses in hardened parts. Spatial orientation refers to the inclination of the roller axis to the axis of the cylindrical workpiece in the horizontal plane and the rotation of the roller axis relative to the workpiece axis in the vertical plane. The problem was solved because of finite element modeling using the ANSYS computer program. The stress-strain state under the influence of a toroidal roller on a cylindrical workpiece was assessed by the magnitude of temporary stresses arising in the deformation zone, residual stresses after unloading the hardened workpiece and the depth of the hardened layer. It has been established that the greatest temporary and residual compressive stresses are formed at an angle of inclination of the toroidal roller equal to 45°. Subsequent increases in this angle of inclination lead to a decrease in the stress state. The rotation angle of the toroidal roller axis also has a positive effect on increasing the stressed state of the hardened layer. The angle should also not exceed 45°, since a subsequent increase leads to an increase in the stress state, which negatively affects both residual stresses (σi > σт) and temporary stresses (σi > σв). The maximum depth of the strengthened layer is also formed at an inclination angle of 45°, and at a rotation angle of the roller axis it also increases at values greater than 45°, but in this mode, the material reaches its ultimate strength.
Study of physical and mechanical properties of chrome containing powders obtained by electroerosion dispersing method
Authors: Zadorozhny R.N. , Kudryashova E.Yu. , Romanov I.V.
Published: February 2025

Study of the physical and mechanical properties of chromium-containing powders obtained by electroerosive dispersion. The studies were carried out on the basis of the Nano-Center Shared Use Center of the Federal State Budgetary Institution FNATS VIM and the research laboratories of the VIAM Institute. The following equipment was used in the work: Niton XL3t GOLDD + X-ray fluorescence spectrometer; microhardness tester KMT-1, laser scanning microscope Olympus LEXT OLS4100; scanning electron microscope Phenom Pro X. In terms of the content of main elements, the resulting powder is close to steel 08Х17Т, which is a substitute for steels 12Х17, 08Х18Т1. For further research, the powder was divided according to particle size into relatively small and large fractions, which were studied separately. Scanning microscope studies have shown that the fine fraction powder has a larger number of round particles. The lower content of rounded particles in the coarse fraction can be explained by the sticking effect, i.e. formation of agglomerates. The microhardness of fine and coarse particles also differs. Conducted studies of powders obtained by EED from chromium-containing materials have shown that the particles have both round and fragmented and complex shapes with a size of 5 microns. The microhardness of the particles is 130...400 HV.
Features of arc metallization process with pulsating spray air flow
Authors: Kryuchkov N.S. , Matvienko V.N.
Published: February 2025

Based on the analysis of literary sources and the results of the conducted research, the paper presents an analytical calculation of the mass of dispersed particles during arc metallization with a pulsating spray flow, taking into account the refined arc metallization scheme, and notes the predominant influence of the electric arc energy on the dispersion of particles.
Predicting the Propensity of Atrial Cardiopathy and Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source (ESUS)
Authors: Kishk Ahmed , Abdeldayem Mohamed E. , Khalil Mohamed A. , Elbarbary Mohammed
Published: February 2025

Abstract Background There is still a significant population of patients with embolic stroke of Undetermined Source (ESUS) whose specific attributable cause of the stroke remains unknown. Objectives Our research aimed to assess clinical, electrocardiogram, laboratory, and echocardiographic parameters that may predict the propensity of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). Methods We enrolled seventy-five ESUS patients who were in sinus rhythm at the time of stroke diagnosis to undergo in-hospital 7-day Holter monitoring, testing for Pro-BNP, and a standard echocardiographic examination. For statistical analysis, a P-value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results The average age of the 75 ESUS patients was 58 years old. 60% of the patients were male, and the most prevalent concomitant condition was hypertension (53.3%). Forty patients had atrial cardiopathy, and 15 patients had PAF episodes. Hypertension and the E/e- > 12 were independent predictors of atrial cardiopathy, with p-values of 0.001 and 0.02, respectively. In patients with atrial cardiopathy, multivariable regression analysis was performed; PTFV > 5000 Mv.ms, LA volume index > 34 ml/m2, and ejection fraction < 45% were significant independent predictors of AF with significant p values of 0.001, < 0.001, and 0.001 respectively. Conclusions In ESUS patients, atrial cardiopathy was prevalent. Hypertension and an E/e- ratio greater than 12 were independent predictors for it. Multivariable regression analysis identified PTFV1 > 5000 mV.ms, LA volume index > 34 ml/m2, and ejection fraction < 45% as independent predictors for new-onset atrial fibrillation.
Registro SBR-AF: Preditores de Recorrência de Taquiarritmia Atrial após Primeira Ablação por Cateter na Fibrilação Atrial
Authors: Ternes Caique M. P. , Rohde Luis E. , Forno Alexander Dal , Lewandowski Andrei , Nascimento Helcio Garcia , Odozynski Gabriel , Ferreira Claudio , Ferro Enrico G. , Polanczyk Carisi A. , Zimerman André , Faganello Lucas S. , Pasqualotto Eric , Damasceno Grazyelle , Zimerman Leandro I. , d’Avila Andre
Published: February 2025

Resumo Fundamento O tratamento da fibrilação atrial (FA) com ablação por cateter evoluiu significativamente. No entanto, dados do cenário clínico real em desfechos de longo prazo são limitados, particularmente em países de baixa e média renda. Objetivo Este estudo prospectivo, multicêntrico, do tipo coorte de pacientes consecutivos tem como objetivo avaliar a segurança da primeira ablação por cateter da FA na região sudeste do Brazil entre 2009 e 2024. Métodos O desfecho primário foi a recorrência de qualquer taquiarritmia atrial (TAA). O modelo de riscos proporcionais de Cox avaliou preditores independentes de recorrência. Resultados Entre 1043 pacientes (idade média 67,3 ± 11,3 anos, 27,9% mulheres), 75,5% apresentaram FA paroxística. Após um tempo mediano de acompanhamento de 1,4 (1,0 – 3,4) anos, 21,4% apresentaram recorrência de TAA. As taxas de recorrência foram de 18,6% para FA paroxística e de 29,8% para FA persistente; 67,3% dos eventos ocorreram no primeiro ano após a ablação por cateter. Preditores de recorrência foram FA persistente no basal [hazard ratio (HR) 1,57, Intervalo de Confiança (IC) 95% 1,15-2,13; p = 0,004), aumento do diâmetro atrial esquerdo (HR 1,03, IC95% 1,00-1,05; p = 0,033), e escore EHRA de sintomas de FA mais alto (HR 1,60, IC95% 1,18-2,18; p = 0,003). As taxas de recorrência diminuíram ao longo do tempo de acordo com o ano calendário do procedimento, com uma redução de 9% por ano consecutivo (HR 0,91; p < 0,001). Houve uma taxa de 2,1% de ocorrência de eventos adversos relacionados ao procedimento. Conclusão No maior estudo coorte de ablações consecutivas da FA da América Latina, preditores de recorrência de TAA se associaram com estágios mais avançados da FA. As taxas de complicação e de recorrência foram comparáveis às de países de alta renda, destacando a aplicabilidade global da ablação por cateter para o manejo da FA.
Heart Rate Reduction after Effort Test Is Higher in Physically Active Adults without Familial Cardiovascular Risk Factor
Authors: Dourado Larissa de Almeida , Dourado Paulo Magno Martins , Oliveira Jaciara Gomes de , Silva Evandra Maria da , Dourado João Paulo de Almeida , Braga Pedro Gabriel Senger
Published: February 2025

Abstract The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of physical activity on heart rate (HR) recovery, after treadmill exercise testing, in asymptomatic adults, with and without familial risk factors (FR) for cardiovascular disease. Two hundred and fifty (250) adults of both sexes aged 18 to 59 years were included in the study. None of the participants had a history of cardiovascular disease or used medications for chronic diseases. All individuals underwent exercise testing using the Ellestad protocol. Delta values were calculated by subtracting peak HR from HR in the first, second, fourth, and sixth minutes of recovery. The family history of cardiovascular disease and physical activity were documented. For statistical analysis, ANOVA was performed, followed by Bonferroni or Kruskall-Wallis multiple comparisons, followed by Dunn’s multiple comparisons. The delta values at the first, second, fourth, and sixth minutes of recovery were lower in individuals who did not engage in physical activity and had no family cardiovascular risk factor, compared to those who were physically active and had no family risk factor. No differences in delta values were observed between physically active individuals with cardiovascular risk factors and physically inactive individuals with a family history at the time points studied. In individuals without a family risk factor, physical activity appears to enhance autonomic control, increasing the capacity to reduce HR after exercise. However, this effect was not evident in those with a family risk factor, as physical activity did not impact recovery HR.
INTERSTITIAL CELL TUMOR OF THE TESTIS IN A MALE: A CLINICAL CASE
Authors: Kolyadina Natal'ya , Dyul'ger Georgiy , Aleksandrov Aleksey , Gazin A , Shafner Nelli
Published: February 2025

The aim of the study is to describe the clinical and morphological features of the manifestation, diagno-sis, and postoperative histological verification of a feminizing tumor that developed from Leydig cells in the cryptorchid testis of a 3-year-old Labrador dog named Biscuit. During the clinical andrological examination of the male, symmetrical bilateral alopecia of the sides of the abdomen, hypertrophy of the milk packets and their nipples were noted. During the examination of the scrotum, one testis was not found, while ex-amining the prepuce and penis, it was also noted that the penis was visually reduced in size, and the pre-puce hangs from the abdominal wall. Ultrasound of the scrotum: the left testicle is not visualized, the right one is located in the scrotum, measuring 26 x 12 mm. Ultrasound of the abdominal cavity and small pel-vis: liver, spleen, kidneys and bladder without pathological features. The left testicle is located in the ab-dominal cavity, enlarged, 31 x 27 mm in size, its structure is heterogeneous, diffuse hypoechoic for-mations without clear contours are visualized. The prostate gland is enlarged, oval, 74 x 51 mm in size, its structure is heterogeneous, multiple anechoic structures are visualized with an uneven contour up to 21 x 15 mm in size. Thus, according to the results of ultrasound, the dog was diagnosed with a neoplasm in the left cryptorchid testis and prostatic hypertrophy with multiple cysts. Intraoperative visual examination of the abdominal cavity confirmed the preoperative diagnosis. There were no technical difficulties during the resection of a cryptorchid testis affected by a tumor and a testicle localized in the scrotum. The postopera-tive period passed without complications. Approximately 2.5 months later. after resection of the tumor (to-tal bilateral orchiepididymitectomy), the signs of sex inversion disappeared in the male and the coat was fully restored. The results of the pathohistological examination of the postoperative material showed that instead of the expected sertolioma, the pathognomonic signs of which are estrogenic alopecia and gyne-comastia, the dog was diagnosed with leidigoma. The presented clinical case demonstrates that endocrine alopecia and gynecomastia are not only a classic manifestation of sertolioma, but in some cases, signs of sex inversion can also be associated with Leydig tumor.
EVALUATION OF MUST AND WINE FROM HYBRIDS OF KRASNOSTOP ANAPSKIY VARIETIES
Authors: Dergunov Aleksandr
Published: February 2025

The experiment studied the influence of the characteristics of new varieties and hybrids based on Anapa Krasnostop on the quality of grapes, technochemical parameters and taste characteristics of wine products. The paper presents research materials on must and dry wine materials from varieties and hybrids of grapes obtained by crossing F/U Dzhemete and Krasnostop Anapa by breeders of the Anapa Zonal Experimental Station of Viticulture and Winemaking. All new hybrid varieties are intended for technical processing. Grapes of medium and late ripening, high yield, relatively resistant to phylloxera. The Krasnostop Anapa variety, must and wine material from it were selected as control. Place of laying the experience of Anapa, Krasnodar Region, Anapa ampelographic collection. The vineyard is formed according to the type of spiral cordon AZOS-1. The planting scheme is 3.5 x 2.0 m. As a result of the analysis of the must from the studied varieties and hybrids, it was revealed that all the studied varieties and hybrids, with the exception of the 59-60 form, accumulated the amount of sugars sufficient to produce high-quality red wines - 19.9 -22.9 g/100 cm3. The must of the varieties Krasnostop AZOS, Kubanets and forms 59-24 had a significantly higher concentration of phenolic compounds than the control. The most optimal in terms of glucoacidometric index was the must of the control variety Krasnostop Anapa and forms 59-49 and 59-24. The wine materials of most of the studied varieties and hybrids were not inferior to the control in terms of alcohol concentration. The highest concentration of substances of the polyphenol group was found in wines from the hybrid 59-24 and from the Krasnostop AZOS and Kubanets varieties. Coloring anthocyanin substances in the highest concentration were found in the studied wine materials from hybrid grapes 59-24 and 59-60, as well as the Krasnostop AZOS variety. The tasting analysis showed that the wines from the studied hybrids and varieties are not inferior or superior in organoleptic parameters to the control classic variety Krasnostop Anapa.
STUDYING THE POSSIBILITY OF USING AN PEA PROTEIN ISOLATE IN THE MEAT AND VEGETABLE CULINARY TECHNOLOGY PRODUCTION
Authors: Denisovich Y. , Osipenko Elena , Kichigina Ekaterina , Gavrilova G.
Published: February 2025

The purpose of research is to study the possibility of using pea protein isolate in the production technology of a meat and vegetable culinary product of a functional orientation. Tasks: to study the physicochemical and biochemical parameters of pea protein isolate; to develop the technology of a meat and vegetable culinary product with the addition of pea protein isolate; to determine the quality indicators of the finished product and develop a production control program. Objects: commercially produced pea protein isolate, a laboratory sample of a meat and vegetable product prepared according to a standard recipe and technological scheme (control), prototype soufflé samples with the addition of 5 %, 10 and 15 % pea protein isolate to the mass of poultry meat. At the first stage of the research, the physicochemical parameters and biochemical composition of the pea protein isolate were determined. It has been established that the test sample contains an easily soluble and easily digestible protein base (60.6±0.02 %) and special easily soluble carbohydrates (30.1±0.02 %), gluten, lactose and anti-food components are absent. The study of biochemical parameters allows us to conclude that the pea protein isolate contains 7 essential amino acids, as well as polyunsaturated fatty acids, the content of which is 2 times higher than the total content of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids and is 66.5 and 33.4 %, respectively. The data obtained allow us to conclude that it is possible to use pea protein isolate in the technology for the production of functional foods. The technology of a meat and vegetable culinary product with the addition of pea protein isolate in the amount of 5% by weight of poultry meat has been developed and the quality indicators of the finished product have been determined. The results of the organoleptic evaluation indicate high quality indicators of the prototype. Physical and chemical indicators have the following values: humidity – 70.52 % (at a rate of 70.5 ± 2 %), the minimum allowable amount of soluble solids per 100 g – 17.92 %, pH is 6.9. Microbiological indicators are within acceptable limits. The determination of nutritional value indicators indicates an increase in the amount of protein compared to the control by 23.7 % and a decrease in fats and carbohydrates by 12.2 and 9.1 %. At the final stage of research, a production control program has been developed.
PINE NUTS SHELL SORBENT INFLUENCE ON THE ORGANIC ACIDS COMPOSITION AND APPLE WINES VOLATILE COMPONENTS
Authors: Suprun Natal'ya
Published: February 2025

The purpose of research is to study the composition of organic acids and volatile impurities in apple wine. As an object of study, we used apple wines obtained by fermentation of fresh squeezed and clarified juice from the fruits of a small-fruited apple tree of the Krasnaya grozd' variety. The resulting apple must was fermented using a pine nut shell nozzle (sample 2). As a control sample (sample 1), wine material obtained by fermentation of the same apple must without the use of a nozzle was used. The paper presents experimental data on changes in the content of organic acids and volatile components of wine during fermentation using pine nut shell packing. A decrease in the duration of the fermentation process by 96 hours is shown. In the studied samples of apple wines, methanol, acetaldehyde, esters (ethyl acetate, methyl acetate) and higher alcohols (propanol-1, butanol-1, isobutanol and isoamyl alcohol) were identified by gas chromatography, the concentrations of which do not exceed the normalized values. In apple wine obtained using a nozzle, there is a decrease in the total content of esters from 49.5 to 47.0 mg/dm3 and higher alcohols from 368.4 to 270.1 mg/dm3. Among higher alcohols, the maximum content of isoamyl alcohol is (179.6 mg/dm3) and the minimum amount of propanol-1is (44.6 mg/dm3). A change in the content of such organic acids as citric, tartaric, malic, succinic and lactic acids was noted. During the fermentation of the must using a nozzle in the finished wine, an increase in the concentration of biologically active succinic acid by 13.7% was found. The results of the study allow us to recommend the use of pine nut shell packing in the production of low-oxidized white wines.
ADAPTIVE SUNFLOWER GROWTH TECHNIQUES IN THE RYAZAN REGION
Authors: Makarova Marina , Vinogradov Dmitry
Published: February 2025

The purpose of research is to study the adaptive properties of sunflower hybrids depending on the timing of their sowing when grown in the conditions of the Ryazan Region. The scheme of the field experiment, which was carried out in 2019–2022, determined two sowing dates: the second and third decades of May. The objects of research were the hybrids Imeriya KS, Codizol KL, Clarissa KL, Meridis KL, Zubella KL, Fushia KL. The climatic conditions of the Ryazan Region are favorable for the production of oilseeds. However, during the ripening period of sunflower seeds, unfavorable weather conditions (high humidity and low air temperatures) often occur, contributing to the development of diseases, lengthening the harvesting period, and increasing the cost of purchasing desiccants. In the experiment, the most adapted to the conditions of the Ryazan Region were identified sunflower hybrids Imeriya KS and Codizol KL. Their morphometric and photosynthetic parameters, as well as their yield, were significantly higher than those of other hybrids. According to the yield level, the studied sunflower hybrids can be arranged in the following row: Imeriya KS › Codizol KL › Clarissa KL › Zubella KL › Fushia KL › Meridis KL. At this sowing time, the highest values of leaf area, photosynthetic potential, net productivity of photosynthesis, diameter of anthorax and its productive part, number and weight of seeds were obtained. The maximum yield was observed in the hybrids Imeriya KS and Codizol KL, and amounted to 29.3 and 27.1 c/ha, respectively.
COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF PROTEIN PRODUCTS OBTAINED FROM THE TESTES OF SLAUGHTERED ANIMALS
Authors: Uyanga Sambuudorzhiyn , Oyuun Ganzhuurzhav , Lefler Tamara , Turitsyna Evgeniya
Published: February 2025

The paper gives a comparative description of protein products obtained from the testes of a bull and a stallion to determine the possibility of using these drugs as a food supplement. The preparations were obtained by the method of sublimation and low-temperature (50–55 °C) drying from endocrine-enzymatic raw materials obtained during slaughter of cattle (Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia). The chemical, amino acid and miner-al composition of preparations was studied. Both products are characterized by a high protein content - from 69.6 to 74.1 %. In the preparation from the testes of the stallion, the protein content and the level of moisture exceeded those of the product from the testes of the bull by 6.5–6.7 %. The bovine testicle prod-uct contains 38 % more fat than the stallion testicle preparation. The study of the amino acid composition of the preparations showed the presence of all types of essential amino acids. Both products are dominat-ed by glutamine with glutamic acid, asparagine, lysine, leucine and arginine. The content of tryptophan, cysteine and cysteine, methionine and histidine is minimal. In the product from the organs of the bull, the content of tryptophan is 3.3 times higher than in the preparation from the testes of the stallion. The mineral composition of protein products includes macronutrients (potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium) and microelements (iron, zinc, manganese and copper). The maximum content of potassium and sodium was established, the level of sodium is 2.25 times less than that of potassium. The amount of calcium in the product from the testes of a bull is 3 times more than in the preparation from the testes of a stallion. The content of manganese and copper in both products is minimal. The research results show that preparations obtained from the testes of slaughtered animals are complete protein products containing all the essential amino acids and the most important macro- and microelements, and can be recommended as dietary supplements that can compensate for nutritional deficiencies.
CANNED FEED IMPACT ON NUTRIENTS DIGESTIBILITY IN DIET AND GAIN OF FATTENING BULLS LIVE WEIGHT
Authors: Kosareva Natal'ya , Novikova Natal'ya
Published: February 2025

The aim of reseach is to study the nutritional value of silages prepared using various biopreservatives, their effect on the digestibility of feed rations and the live weight gain of young cattle. Objectives: to analyze the nutritional value of prepared silages preserved with Yenisei microbiovit and Biotrof starter culture; to calculate the nutritional value of rations for 6-month-old bulls using experimental silages; to determine the average daily gains and feed digestibility coefficients in bulls during the experimental period. The study was conducted in 2022 at the Omskoye Scientific and Production Farm, a branch of the Omsk Scientific Research Center. The object of the study is fattening black-and-white bulls of the Vis Ideala 1013415 line, Apple Elevation 1491007 branch, dairy productivity direction, aged 6–9 months. Experimental variants: control (basic ration (BR) + silage of sorghum-sudak hybrid Navigator without preservative); experimental group I (BR + silage of sorghum-sudak hybrid Navigator preserved with biopreservative microbiovit Yenisei); experimental group II (BR + silage of sorghum-sudak hybrid Navigator preserved with biopreservative Biotroph). Silage with biopreservatives, introduced into the composition of feed rations, contributed to better digestion of feed nutrients, as well as an increase in the live weight gain of young cattle. The digestible protein indicators in experimental group I were 15.35 % higher than in the control, and in experimental group II this difference was 12.73 %. The average daily gains of bulls in experimental groups I and II were higher than in the control group of bulls by 8.8 % with microbiovit Yenisei and by 2.5 % with Biotrof. In groups of animals that ate feed with preserved silages, an increase in the digestibility coefficients was noted in comparison with the control group, while silage preserved with Yenisei microbiovit was digested better than that preserved with Biotrof, digestibility was greater for the following indicators: protein – by 1.4 %; fat – by 2.38; fiber – by 1.22 and BEV – by 0.85 %.
NEW CULTIVAR OF GRAIN PEA PAMYATI POPOVA ADAPTIVE TO THE SOUTHERN URALS CONDITIONS
Authors: Davletov Firzinat , Gaynullina Karina
Published: February 2025

The aim of the study is to create a new highly productive variety of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) adaptable to the agroclimatic conditions of the Southern Urals. The experiments were conducted in 2009–2023 in the conditions of the Cis-Ural steppe zone of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The soils of the experimental plot are represented by medium-deep carbonate chernozem with a humus content in the arable layer of 8.0 %. Weather conditions during the years of the study varied significantly in temperature (the sum of active temperatures above 10 °C is 2,000–2,250 °C) and moisture supply (the average annual precipitation is 355–495 mm), which made it possible to comprehensively evaluate the breeding material. The new pea variety Pamyati Popova was created by the method of multiple individual selection from a hybrid combination obtained by crossing the varieties K-7992 (Korea) and Usach. As a result, it was possible to combine the semi-leafless morphotype with the determinate type of stem growth, which ensures high resistance of the new variety to lodging. The Pamyati Popova variety is mid-season; the growing season lasts 60–78 days. The weight of 1,000 seeds is 190–220 g. The protein content in the seeds is 20.7–22.4 %. The average yield increase in the control nursery compared to the standard variety Pamyati Khangildina was 2.5 c/ha; in preliminary variety testing – 2.2; in competitive variety testing – 1.8 c/ha. In 2022, the Pamyati Popova pea variety was included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements in the Volga-Vyatka, Middle Volga and Ural Regions of the Russian Federation. The potential yield of the new variety is 42–43 c/ha. The economic efficiency of its introduction into production is 165–175 million rubles per year.
QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF RAINBOW TROUT SOLD ON THE CONSUMER MARKET
Authors: Rtischev Stanislav
Published: February 2025

The objective of the study is to conduct a comparative assessment of the quality indicators of rainbow trout sold on the consumer market of the Kemerovo Region. Objectives: to study the organoleptic characteristics, physicochemical quality indicators of rainbow trout. To study the assessment of quality indicators, samples of chilled rainbow trout sold on the consumer market of Kemerovo were selected. In retail outlets, defrosted fish is often sold to customers under the guise of chilled fish; if defrosted incorrectly, rainbow trout can change texture, lose juiciness, become too watery or acquire an unpleasant smell and taste. After defrosting, defrosted fish must be consumed within 24 hours, since during storage the fish loses nutrients and pathogenic and other microflora develops. In the course of the work, the quality indicators of trout presented on the consumer market of the Kemerovo Region by both imported and local producers were analyzed. During the study, in accordance with the requirements of GOST 31339-2006, GOST 736-2008, GOST 1368-2003, GOST 814-2019, such indicators as appearance, consistency, smell, as well as physical and chemical indicators of rainbow trout were analyzed. All the studied rainbow trout samples were classified as "fresh fish"; according to the physicochemical indicators, it was established that in terms of fat content, the studied samples are classified as low-fat fish, since the fat content in the studied samples did not exceed 5.6 g per 100 g of product. Comparative analysis showed that the quality of rainbow trout from local producers is superior to imported fish in terms of protein, fat and microelement content. The content of protein and fat in rainbow trout grown at the OOO SIG plant (Kemerovo Region, Yurga) is 20 % higher, and microelements (Ca, K, P, Mg) are 15–20 % higher.
STUDY OF PROTEIN AND LIPID COMPOSITION OF SOFT SMOKED CHEESES
Authors: Khatko Zuret , Kudaynetova Saida , Gasheva Marziyat , Ancyperova Mariya
Published: February 2025

The aim of the study is to investigate the protein and lipid profile of Adyghe smoked cheese. Objectives: analysis of the mass fraction of methyl esters of fatty acids; assessment of the biological value of the lipid fraction; study of the protein composition: content of essential and replaceable amino acids; calculation of the main indicators of the nutritional value and quality of protein in samples of Adyghe smoked cheese. The study was conducted according to generally accepted standard methods in the Biotechnology laboratory of the Maykop State Technological University (Maykop) and in the testing center of the Kuban State Technological University (Krasnodar). The following methods and techniques were used: acid method (GOST R 55063-2012) - to determine the mass fraction of fat in terms of dry matter; capillary electrophoresis method, according to the M-04-38-2009 method (2014 edition) in accordance with GOST R 55569-2013, GOST 31480-2012, using the Kapel-105 M system – to determine the total content of amino acids; gas chromatography method (GOST 32915-2014) on a Crystal 5000.1 gas chromatograph – to determine the fatty acid composition of the fat phase. The studies were conducted in three replicates with the results presented as an arithmetic mean at a confidence level of P = 0.95. The study of the protein and lipid profile of Adyghe smoked cheese showed that it includes all essential amino acids and 10 saturated, 6 unsaturated fatty acids, including 2 polyunsaturated. In Adyghe fresh and smoked cheese, the amino acid score exceeds 100 %, with the exception of phenylalanine in fresh cheese. The results of this study will help develop recommendations for integrating Adyghe smoked cheese into a balanced diet.
AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF WHEAT AND BARLEY TALGAN
Authors: Sumina Alena , Polonsky Vadim , Khanipova Vera
Published: February 2025

The aim of the study is to investigate the amino acid composition of wheat and barley at various stages of production of the national Khakass product talgan. Wheat and barley grains grown in the Beisk District of the Republic of Khakassia in 2019 and 2022 were heat-treated at 240–250 °C for five minutes after removing impurities. The roasted grains were then crushed and sifted to separate the bran. The amino acid composition of samples taken at each technological stage was analyzed by chromatography. As a result of heat treatment of wheat grain, there was an insignificant decrease in the resulting product of glutamic acid with glutamine, lysine, methionine and proline, while the content of serine and aspartic acid with asparagine increased. After heat treatment of barley grain, on the one hand, a decrease in the content of histidine and tryptophan in the resulting product was found, and on the other hand, the presence of an insignificant increase in the concentration of 7 essential amino acids. At the final technological stage of wheat talgan production, the obtained product showed an insignificant decrease in the content of threonine, phenylalanine, histidine and valine with a simultaneous significant increase in the concentration of methionine. In barley talgan, a decrease in the level of threonine, arginine, phenylalanine, leucine with isoleucine and valine was found with an increase in the content of tryptophan, histidine and methionine. In the production of wheat talgan, the amount of essential amino acids decreased by 15.4 %, and in the production of talgan from barley – by 9.7 %. There was a slight depletion of protein in essential amino acids, and to a lesser extent from barley grain than from wheat.
MODELING MULTILEVEL DYNAMICS OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS YIELD
Authors: Ivano Yaroslav , Petrova Sof'ya
Published: February 2025

The objective of the study is to develop an algorithm for modeling crop yields based on the dynamic-stochastic and cyclical properties of long-term characteristic series. Tasks: identifying the properties of time series of agricultural crop bioproductivity based on their consideration as multi-level structures with cyclical fluctuations; using the properties of variability of long-term characteristic series to build forecasting or stochastic assessment models; implementing the modeling algorithm using the example of grain and leguminous crop yields in Russia and wheat bioproductivity in the USA. The object of the study is long-term variability of agricultural crop yields. An algorithm for constructing a dynamic-stochastic multilevel model for forecasting the variability of agricultural crop yields under different conditions of a combination of the state of the natural environment and technological processes, taking into account cyclical fluctuations of the characteristic, has been created. The algorithm has been implemented for modeling empirical series. When describing the long-term variability of the characteristic and assessing favorable and unfavorable events, trends, histograms of the distribution of relative frequencies of local minimum and maximum cycles, and probability distributions of yield losses and gains have been used. Multilevel modeling allows assessing the dynamics of agricultural crop bioproductivity under different conditions of producers' activities: determining losses in unfavorable conditions of the natural and technological environment, identifying yield gains in favorable situations. Using stochastic methods, it is proposed to estimate rare events corresponding to very high and very low crop yields, as well as transitions of series levels into events. Based on the identified multi-level trends and the frequency of local extreme cycles, a retrospective forecast of the characteristic with a lead time of 3 years is obtained.