bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A LÍNGUA BRASILEIRA DE SINAIS NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL EM RONDONÓPOLIS – MATO GROSSO
Authors: Gil Tatiane de Souza , Gil Gracielly Keith de Souza , Barberi Iloene Pereira Passos , França Josiani Aparecida de Mello , Freitas Franklin Antônio Inácio , Rossi Neide , Santana Kátia Cristiany Rezende do Carmo , Sousa Vânia Sirilo de Rezende
Published: October 2023

Este texto se centra em reflexões acerca do ensino da LIBRAS inserida na grade curricular das unidades escolares, nos anos iniciais, em escolas de Rondonópolis/MT. Tem como objetivo geral refletir acerca da implementação da disciplina de LIBRAS na grade curricular das escolas inclusivas, desde o Ensino Infantil até o Fundamental. Também são objetivos deste estudo observar se as escolas promovem vínculos reais, relacionados as práticas linguísticas e as experiências escolares aos estudantes surdos enquanto usuários da LIBRAS; analisar a importância do aprendizado da LIBRAS, considerando a efetiva inclusão dos surdos e; identificar quais possíveis mudanças curriculares ocorreram a partir da Lei n. 14.191, de 2021, que altera a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (LDB) na educação de surdos. Nossa pesquisa envolve um levantamento bibliográfico exploratório, com base em materiais já elaborados por outros pesquisadores através de suas obras. Dessa forma, concluímos que apesar de várias leis instauradas em nosso país, com políticas públicas nacionais voltadas para educação de surdos, ainda é muito tímida a implementação destas, assim como a inclusão da comunidade surda nos espaços escolares.
ASSINATURA ENERGÉTICA DO MANGUEZAL DO ESTUÁRIO DO RIO GRAMAME-PB
Authors: de Souza Maíra Suênia Cavalcante , Da Silva Janaína Barbosa , De Moura Débora Coelho
Published: October 2023

Os manguezais são ecossistemas de grande importância ecológica, constituídos de espécies lenhosas típicas, adaptadas às condições de salinidades variadas e baixos teores de oxigênio. No Brasil, esse ecossistema ocorre em quase todos estuários de toda faixa litorânea, na Paraíba tem-se o manguezal do Estuário do Rio Gramame-PB, localizado no Município do Conde, litoral Sul do Estado, caracteriza-se por ser um ambiente que abriga uma expressiva cobertura vegetal de mangue. Assim, essa pesquisa objetivou estabelecer a assinatura energética do manguezal do estuário do Rio Gramame, buscando identificar as condicionantes ambientais, físicas, químicas e estruturais, bem como apontar possíveis tensores/estressores atuantes, para embasar ações de preservação e gestão. Os dados foram de fontes secundárias e retirados de artigos, sites oficiais; para vegetação e solo, foram realizadas coletas de campo e análises laboratoriais. Como resultado, tem-se um bosque de porte arbóreo-arbustivo com presença de zonação, respondendo condicionantes ambientais, físicos, químicos e estruturais, onde o fator de tensão é decorrente da ação antrópica direta como degradação do entorno e retirada de água doce para abastecimento público.
Incidência de toxoplasmose em mulheres em idade fértil atendidas em um laboratório de análises clínicas no município de Pindamonhangaba – SP, Brasil
Authors:   Istael de Lima Espinosa, dos Santos Elcília Larissa Ribeiro , dos Santos Geisy Ane Peluchi de Souza Ribeiro , de Lima Miriam dos Santos Pedroso , Salgado Juliana da Silva Pereira , Coêlho Matheus Diniz Gonçalves , Coêlho Francine Alves da Silva
Published: October 2023

A toxoplasmose é uma protozoose de elevada distribuição geográfica mundial e, apesar de ser considerada de baixa virulência para a maioria das pessoas, representa um grande risco para imunocomprometidos e para mulheres gestantes, haja vista o risco inerente para o feto em concepção. No presente trabalho realizou-se um inquérito epidemiológico retrospectivo visando identificar a ocorrência de soropositividade para Toxoplasma gondii em um laboratório de análises clínicas do município de Pindamonhangaba, SP – Brasil, nos anos de 2021 e 2022. Foram avaliados laudos de exames de mulheres em idade fértil, quanto a soropositividade para IgM e IgG anti ¬T. gondii. Observou-se que 0,48% dos prontuários avaliados para IgM estavam positivos, caracterizando uma possível infecção ativa, e 13,02% de 404 prontuários avaliados para IgG, estavam reagentes (títulos acima de 3 UI/mL). A faixa etária acima de 41 anos foi a que apresentou mais resultados IgG positivos, com idade média de soropositividade de 36,82 anos em 2021 e 34,87 anos em 2022. Conclui-se que, baseado nos resultados de IgM houve uma baixa ocorrência de infecção ativa, porém não sendo possível definir a presença de infecção baseando-se nos resultados de IgG, trazendo à tona a importância da realização de testes complementares, como o teste de avidez, como forma de minimizar os riscos inerentes a uma possível gravidez, no que concerne a saúde e viabilidade fetal.
Mathematical Modeling of a Fuzzy Logic-Based Car Parking System
Authors: Udo E.U , Agwu E.O , Udeami H.U
Published: October 2023

This paper presents the mathematical modeling of a fuzzy logic-based car parking system. Many people are facing problems parking vehicles in parking lots in most urban cities. The technology of fuzzy-based systems is necessary for all vehicle users to acquire parking slots in cities. A smart parking system helps in obtaining information about available parking spaces, organizing and processing it, and then placing the car in a certain position. The method adopted makes use of a fuzzy-based smart car parking system to develop the usage of small parking spaces for parking lots to allow the parking of vehicles based on their weight. A set of rules was used in the fuzzy logic to control two sets of parking decisions, namely the vehicle entry decision and the inpark decision, by bearing in mind the weight of vehicles and the availability of parking spaces in the parking mall. The results obtained show that the smart car parking system keeps the availability of parking lots in equilibrium, depending on the entry and exit of vehicles. In conclusion, it was discovered that the total number of vehicles granted entry at each time interval depends on the availability of parking lots on each designated floor.
OPTIMALISASI MANAJEMEN SARANA PENDIDIKAN DALAM MENUNJANG PROSES PEMBELAJARAN DI MTs SALAFIYAH KOTA CIREBON
Authors: Ludin Fahri , Ripai Ahmad , Mubarok Ahmad Amin
Published: October 2023

The existence of educational facilities is needed in the learning process, without adequate educational facilities, the learning process will become difficult. However, the existence of adequate educational facilities is not enough to support the learning process. Therefore, it is necessary to manage educational facilities so that existing educational facilities can be managed properly so that these educational facilities can be used optimally to support the learning process. This study aims to determine the condition and management of educational facilities in MTs Salafiyah Kota Cirebon. In addition, this study also aims to determine the obstacles faced in the management of educational facilities at MTs Salafiyah Kota Cirebon and their solutions. The research is conducted using a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. The data analysis technique is through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study conclude that the condition of existing educational facilities is quite good, educational facilities management activities have been running from the planning stage to the elimination except for inventory, the obstacles faced are in terms of the budget for financing the management of educational facilities, the solution to the obstacles faced is by borrowing money from various parties and involving grade 9 students who are about to graduate.
The Effect of Individual Factors, Subjective Norms, and Self-Efficacy on the Intention of Whistleblowing
Authors: Bernawati Yustrida , Saputra Rizqi Setyo
Published: October 2023

The Whistleblowing system is an effective way to prevent and combat practices that are contrary to ethics and applicable rules whose strength depends on the whistleblower. The system becomes useless when there is no desire or intention to report known acts of fraud or fraud. This research was conducted with the aim to find out information and empirical evidence of the influence of individual factors, subjective norms and self-efficacy on whistleblowing intentions on students of the Faculty of Economics and Business, Airlangga University. Respondents used in the study were undergraduate students of the Faculty of Economics and Business, Airlangga University in 2016 - 2018. The sample used was 400 students, by distributing questionnaires with various questions to see the views of students about the variables asked and measured by the Likert scale with value 1 - 5. The method used in this study is a quantitative method, with multiple linear regression analysis. The test results indicate that the independent variable has an effect on the dependent variable. Locus of control, personal cost, family support, self-confidence, and academic achievement influence the intention of whistleblowing. But the friend support variable produces a value that indicates that the variable has no effect on whistleblowing intentions.
Perencanaan dan Partisipasi Penyusunan Anggaran Berperspektif Gender pada Pemerintah Daerah
Authors: Pradnya I Made
Published: October 2023

The Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBD) is a tool for regional financial management for the welfare of the community. The budget must be sensitive to gender issues because budget is used as a measure to determine equality and fairness. This study aims to prove the effect of planning and budgetary participation on budget performance with a gender perspective. The population is the compiler APBD with probability sampling techniques. Calculations using the Slovin formula yielded 47 respondents. The details are 9 members of DPRD Commission B, and 38 heads of agencies. The analysis technique used is multiple regression analysis. The test results prove that the budget planning process affects the budget with a gender perspective. This implies that women's involvement in the budget planning process will determine a more equitable budget. Conversely, budgetary participation does not affect the budget with a gender perspective. The lack of participation in budgeting is likely due to the lack of comparisons between women and men in this study. Therefore, further research is expected to increase or equalize the number of male and female respondents.

 

Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah (APBD) merupakan sarana untuk pengelolaan keuangan daerah bagi kesejahteraan masyarakat. Anggaran harus peka terhadap isu gender karena anggran digunakan sebagai ukuran untuk menentukan kesetaraan dan keadilan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan pengaruh perenanaan dan partisipasi penyusunan anggaran terhadap kinerja anggaran berperspektif gender. Populasi adalah para penyusun APBD dengan teknik probability sampling.  Perhitungan dengan rumus slovin menghasilkan 47 orang responden. Rinciannya adalah anggota Komisi B DPRD berjumlah 9 orang, dan 38 orang Kepala-kepala instansi. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi berganda. Hasil pengujian membuktikan bahwa proses perencanaan anggaran mempengaruhi anggaran yang berperspektif gender. Hal ini mengimplikasikan bahwa keterlibatan perempuan dalam proses perencanaan anggaran akan menentukan anggaran yang lebih adil. Sebaliknya, partisipasi penyusunan anggaran tidak mempengaruhi anggaran berperspektif gender. Tidak berpengaruhnya partisipasi penyusunan anggaran kemungkinan disebabkan oleh sedikitnya perbandingan perempuan dengan laki-lai dalam penelitian ini. Oleh karena itu, penelitian selanjutnya diharapkan untuk menambah atau menyetarakan jumlah responden laki-laki dan perempuan.
Faktor-Faktor Determinan Yang Mempengaruhi Pengambilan Keputusan Etis Auditor Dengan Sensitivitas Etika Sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Gabriella Yosyefa , Suryaningrum Diah Hari
Published: October 2023

This research purpose to know that Ethical Orientation, Familiarity threat, Intimidation threat has influence on the Ethical Decision-making through Ethical Sensitivity as the intervening variable. Population in this research including 60 auditors who working in the registered Accounting Public Office on the Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan (BPK) Republic of Indonesia. Sampling technique in this research used purposive sampling with 36 samples and used primary data which result by spread questionnaires. Analysis technique and hypothesis trial on this research used Part Least Square  (PLS). Result of this research show that there is positive influence from Ethical Orientation, Familiarity threat and Intimidation threat as the independent variable to the Ethical Sensitivity and there is positive influence from Ethical Sensitivity to the Auditors Ethical Decision making. With the result show that Ethical Sensitivity is the Intervening Variable. For the auditors this research can be referenced to give the ethical action on them decision making and also keep on guard against every threat which can be independence overthrow For the student who want to be a professional auditor this research give a reference to apply professional’s code of ethics so they can have the high ethical sensitivity to give the ethical decision.
Analisis Kekurangan dan Kelebihan Pembayaran PPN pada Perusahaan Jasa Freight Forwarding PT. Kemasindo Cepat Surabaya
Authors: Maranatha Kezya Beauty Caesaria Asah  , Oryza Tannar
Published: October 2023

This study aims to analyze the underpayment or overpayment of Value Added Tax (VAT) in the freight forwarding services of PT. Kemasindo Cepat Surabaya. The research method used is descriptive qualitative analysis. Data was collected through direct observation of the VAT reporting process, and analysis of documents related to taxation. The results of the study show that the VAT reporting process in the freight forwarding services of PT. Kemasindo Cepat Surabaya involves several stages, including collecting transaction data, calculating VAT, preparing VAT reports, and reporting to the tax authorities. There are several challenges faced, such as errors when creating e-billing, overpayment before reporting, and over or underpayment due to corrections. This can be overcome by having good communication ties between the finance and accounting team, tax team, marketing team, and customers. This research provides an impetus for companies to improve supervision and monitoring of their taxation processes so that incidents of over or underpayment of VAT can be minimized.
The Influence of Blueprints on Internal Audit Monitoring System (IAMS) Application Development
Authors: Sal-Sabilla Narita Kusnadi  , Nanda Wahyu Indah Kirana
Published: October 2023

The Digitalization era shows increasing application developments, both at the individual, group, and corporate levels. One of the corporations or companies involved in this Digitalization development is PT Pelindo Terminal Petikemas. The need for auditing activities arises to ensure that the company's business processes comply with regulations and policies. To fulfill the audit working papers, the Internal Audit Division of PT Pelindo Terminal Petikemas has developed IAMS (Internal Audit Monitoring System), a web-based application that plays a role in digitizing the auditing process. However, the absence of a blueprint or master plan for this application has become a constraint in its development, as there are still features that are not fully optimized when used. This research is conducted to identify the deficiencies in the application caused by the absence of a blueprint and to emphasize the importance of creating a blueprint in the application development process. The research adopts a descriptive qualitative approach and tends to use analysis. The primary data for this research were obtained through interviews and literature studies, and bibliographic references were used to compile the literature. The research findings conclude that the IAMS (Internal Audit Monitoring System) application must still be fully optimized to assist the company's internal auditing activities. One of the reasons for its suboptimal performance is the lack of a blueprint, which would facilitate the application's development and serve as a direction and master plan for designing an application.

 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8415610
The Effect Of Working Capital Management And Fixed Assets Investment On Profitability (Study On Automotive And Component Companies Listed On The Indonesian Stock Exchange)
Authors: Arifin Bustanul , Farli Fadillah Adnan
Published: October 2023

Purpose - This study aims to analyze the influence of working capital management and investment in fixed assets towards profitability.

Design/methodology/approach - This research was implemented in the automotive and part companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2006 – 2014. The sample was taken using the method of purposive sampling. Eight companies were selected for a sample. Used multiple regression analysis as statistical method

Finding - The results of the research show that CCC and AP have negative and considerable influence on ROA, AR have positive and not considerable influence on ROA, while IVR and FAT have positive and considerable influence on ROA. LVR as a control variable has a negative and not significant effect on ROA, while NPM has a positive and considerable influence on ROA

Originality -

Keyword -       working capital management, investment in fixed assets, profitability, return on assets, cash conversion cycle, average collection period, average payment period, inventory conversion period, leverage, net profit margin.

Paper Type – Research Paper
On the question of the specifics of the formulation and use of the Turing test for the ChatGPT
Authors: Osipov Mikhail Yur'evich
Published: October 2023

The subject of the research in this article are the features and regularities of the functioning of systems based on ChatGPT technologies, the knowledge of which makes it possible to formulate appropriate modifications of the Turing test, as well as the features and regularities of the formulation and use of the Turing test for systems based on ChatGPT technologies. The purpose of the study is to identify the features and patterns of functioning of systems based on the technologies of ChatGPT, as well as the features and patterns of formulation and use of the Turing test for systems based on the technologies of Chat GPT. As research methods, the method of social experiment was used, when during the study of a system based on Chat GPT technologies, certain questions were asked, answers were received, the analysis of which allowed us to conclude about the features of the "thinking" of systems based on ChatGPT technologies. In the course of the study, the following was found. Unlike human thinking, which is based on certain facts, the "thinking" of systems based on ChatGPT technologies, in some cases is not based on facts that take place in reality, often the user is given deliberately false information about facts and circumstances that take place in reality. In contrast to human thinking, which is usually systemic in nature, the "thinking" of systems based on ChatGPT technologies is disorderly and fragmentary. Systems based on ChatGPT technologies cannot admit their mistakes, and attempts to force systems based on ChatGPT technologies to critically comprehend their answers lead to a malfunction of these systems. The article also provides a Turing test developed by the author for ChatGPT, which made it possible to identify the features of the "thinking" of systems based on ChatGPT technologies.
Effectiveness of Mindfulness Meditation on Depression, Anxiety, and Stress among Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Quasi-experimental Study
Authors: Antony Ajantha , Prasad C Viji
Published: October 2023

Introduction: High levels of stress and anxiety are usually experienced by students as a result of peer pressure and concerns about college. Students who struggle to control their stress and anxiety may experience mood swings, behavioural changes, and even depression. Aim: To assess the effectiveness of mindfulness meditation on depression, anxiety, and stress among undergraduate nursing students. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted at Yenepoya Nursing College, Yenepoya (deemed to be University), and Zulekha Nursing College, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India for a duration of five weeks from April 2022 to May 2022. A total of 84 study participants were enrolled and divided into two groups: the intervention group (n=42) and the control group (n=42). The intervention group received mindfulness meditation for 15 minutes, twice a day in the morning and evening for four weeks. The Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-42) was used to assess depression, anxiety, and stress in both groups. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 23.0. Baseline data were presented using frequency and percentage. Two-factor repeated measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni post-hoc tests were adopted to assess the difference between pre and post-test scores for stress, anxiety, and depression in repeated intervals. The level of significance was set at p-value <0.05. Results: A comparison within the intervention group at different time points showed a significant difference in the reduction of stress, anxiety, and depression from the pretest after the administration of mindfulness meditation (p-value<0.05). The reduction of stress, anxiety, and depression in the intervention group was significantly different from the control group (p-value<0.05). Conclusion: Mindfulness meditation significantly reduces stress, anxiety, and depression among students. Hence, it can be incorporated into daily life to help individuals deal with a variety of stressful events.
Comparison of the Retention Rates of Pit and Fissure Sealants Placed on First Permanent Molars Treated with Air Abrasion and Acid Etching: A Split-mouth Randomised Clinical Trial
Authors: Deepika Bodike , Vinay C , Uloopi KS , Ramya Kakarla Sri Roja , Chaitanya Penmatsa , Ramesh MV
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Pit and fissure sealants are a reliable and safe method of occlusal caries prevention. Accurate preconditioning of the enamel surface is essential for long-term sealant retention. Aim: To assess the retention rate of pit and fissure sealants applied to first permanent molars treated with air abrasion and acid etching in children aged 6 to 9 years. Materials and Methods: This split-mouth randomised study was conducted in the Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India from March 2019 to March 2020. The study included 45 children aged 6-9 years with 180 completely erupted maxillary and mandibular first permanent molars. The children were randomly divided into two groups: Group-I (Air Abrasion) and Group-II (Conventional Acid Etch). After pretreatment of the enamel surface with either air abrasion or acid etching, sealant was applied. Sealant retention was evaluated at 6- and 12-month intervals using Tonn and Ryge’s scoring criteria under a dental operating microscope. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon Signedrank Test and the Mann-Whitney U Test. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 7.6±0.5 years at the 12-month interval, complete sealant retention was observed in 23% of teeth in the air abrasion group and 21% in the acid etch group. The p-value of 0.657 indicates that the difference was not statistically significant. The comparison of sealant retention rates in maxillary and mandibular molars treated with both air abrasion (p=0.191, p=0.881) and acid etching (p=1.000, p=0.574) showed no statistically significant differences at both the 6- and 12-month intervals. Conclusion: The retention rate of fissure sealants on enamel surfaces treated with air abrasion was comparable to acid etching. There was no difference in sealant retention rates between maxillary and mandibular molars in both the air abrasion and acid etch groups.
Effects of Resistance Exercise Using Theraband with Weighted Cuff Resistance on Fall Risk and Balance among the Geriatric Population: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Khan Ghazala , Gupta Meena , Mir Altaf Hussain
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Balance impairments and an increased fall risk are common concerns among individuals with various health conditions. Resistance exercise has shown potential in improving balance and reducing fall risk. Aim: To determine the effects of home-based Thera-Band resistance training in reducing the risk of falls among the geriatric population and to compare it with weight-cuff resistance training. Materials and Methods: A Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) was conducted at the Amity Institute of Health and Applied Science, Noida, India, from November 2022 to April 2023. The intervention period spanned four weeks, and a total of thirtythree subjects were enrolled in the study. The participants were divided into three groups: Group A, Group B, and Group C. Group A performed resistance exercises using weight cuffs combined with standard balance training, Group B performed resistance training with Thera-Band combined with standard balance training, and Group C received standard balance exercises alone. The effects of the interventions on fall risk reduction were assessed using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up and Go (TUG), and Fall Efficacy Scale (FES) among the geriatric population. Paired t-tests were employed to compare pre- and post-intervention data within each group, determining significant changes within each group over the intervention period. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was utilised to assess between-group effects of the different interventions. Results: The FES scores were assessed pre- and postintervention for each group. Group B (Thera-Band) demonstrated significantly better outcomes in fall efficacy compared to Group A (Weight-cuff) (p<0.01) and Group C (p<0.01). For balance assessment using the BBS, both Group A and Group B showed better results compared to Group C (p<0.01). In terms of mobility assessed through the TUG test, Group B exhibited substantial improvement compared to both Group A and Group C (p<0.05). Improvements in fall efficacy, balance, and mobility were seen in Group B (Thera-Band). Conclusion: Home-based resistance training using TheraBand was found to be the most effective method for reducing the risk of falls in the geriatric population, followed by weightcuff resistance training in combination with conventional balance training. Thera-Band is not only effective but also more convenient, hassle-free, and cost-effective. The geriatric population should be provided with more multi-mode exercises that are easy to perform and have been found to be effective and helpful at their advanced age.
Comparison of Serum Calcium, Magnesium, and Zinc amongst Preeclampsia and Normotensive Pregnant Women attending a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Tripura, Northeast India
Authors: Roy Dipanwita , Das Sutapa , Ray Jayanta , Pal Partha Sarathi
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Preeclampsia is one of the most frequently encountered medical complications of pregnancy. If left untreated, it exerts serious medical complications for both the mother as well as baby. As a multifactorial progressive disease, identifying potential biomarkers for predicting preeclampsia is crucial for disease stratification and targeted therapy. There is a growing interest in early detection of micronutrient deficiencies, such as calcium, magnesium, and zinc, to understand the causes of preeclampsia development. Aim: To compare the serum levels of calcium, magnesium, and zinc in women with preeclampsia and normotensive pregnant women attending Agartala Government Medical College and Govind Ballabh Pant Hospital, Agartala, Tripura, India. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at Agartala Government Medical College, Agartala, Tripura, India, from January 2020 to December 2021. The study included primigravida women aged between 18 and 35 years, in their third trimester of pregnancy, with a singleton pregnancy. Sixty preeclampsia patients and 60 normotensive pregnant women were enrolled, and various biochemical parameters like serum calcium, magnesium, zinc, uric acid, urea, creatinine, Alanine Transaminase (ALT), and Aspartate Transaminase (AST) were analysed. Data were statistically analysed using the student t-test and Chi-square test. Results: The mean age (in years), gestational age (in weeks), and Body Mass Index (BMI) (Kg/m2 ) of the study subjects and control group were 26.02±4.69 and 23.4±3.81, 34.78±2.41 and 33.51±2.79, and 27.97±3.82 and 26.03±4.26, respectively. The authors observed that the levels of biochemical parameters like serum creatinine, AST, ALT, and uric acid were increased in preeclampsia. Furthermore, the serum concentrations of calcium, magnesium, and zinc were significantly decreased in preeclampsia. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that preeclamptic women have reduced levels of serum calcium, zinc, and magnesium compared to normal pregnant women. Therefore, dietary supplementation of these essential nutrients, either individually or in combination, may help prevent preeclampsia at an early stage and improve foetal outcomes.
ÖĞRENME GÜÇLÜĞÜ OLAN ÖĞRENCİLERİN YAZMA GÜÇLÜKLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: ÇAYIR Aybala , EMİNE.BALCİ@ALANYA.EDU.TR Emine.balci@alanya.edu.tr
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışma, ilkokulda öğrenme güçlüğü yaşayan öğrencilerin yaptıkları yazma güçlüklerini belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda ilk olarak Aksaray ilinde ilkokul eğitimlerine devam eden öğrencilerden öğrenme güçlüğü olanlar belirlenmiştir. Bu öğrencilerden seviyelerine uygun olarak belirlenen bir konu hakkında yazı yazmaları istenmiştir. Yazılar içerik ve mekanik özellikler açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada araştırmacılar tarafından iki ayrı veri toplama aracı geliştirilmiştir. Bunlar, “Yazılı Anlatım Sorun Envanteri” ve “Yazma Formu” dur. Araştırmada betimsel model kullanılmış ve veriler; frekans, yüzde, standart sapma, aritmetik ortalama ve değişim katsayısı hesaplanarak analiz edilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda öğrenme güçlüğü olan öğrencilerin sıklıkla içerik ve mekanik yazma hataları yaptıkları belirlenmiştir. Sınıf seviyesi arttıkça öğrencilerin yazma hatalarında azalma görülmekle beraber bu hataların sonlanmadığı görülmüştür.
A design tool for globally developable discrete architectural surfaces using Ricci flow
Authors: Zhang Jingyao , Ohsaki Makoto
Published: October 2023

This paper presents an approach for the design of discrete architectural surfaces that are globally developable; that is, having zero Gaussian curvature at every interior node. This kind of architectural surface is particularly suitable for fast fabrication at a low cost, since their curved geometry can be developed into a plane. This highly non‐linear design problem is broken down into two sub‐problems: (1) find the member lengths of a triangular mesh that lead to zero Gaussian curvature, by employing the discrete surface Ricci flow developed in the field of discrete differential geometry; (2) realize the final geometry by solving an optimization problem, subject to the constraints on member lengths as well as the given boundary. It is demonstrated by the numerical examples that both of these two sub‐problems can be solved with small computational costs and sufficient accuracy. In addition, the Ricci flow algorithm has an attractive feature—the final design is conformal to the initial one. Conformality could result in higher structural performance, because the shape of each panel is kept as close as possible to its initial design, suppressing possible distortion of the panels. This paper further presents an improved circle packing scheme implemented in the discrete surface Ricci flow to achieve better conformality, while keeping its simplicity in algorithm implementation as in the existing Thurston's scheme .
Acquisition of land by foreigners in Kobe zakkyochi during the Meiji era
Authors: Yamasaki Yoshika
Published: October 2023

This study identifies some of the distinctive characteristics of the land acquired by foreigners in the zakkyochi (mixed‐residential areas) of Kobe, Japan, during the Meiji era, and explores the various means by which foreigners were able to acquire this land. The primary focus is on Kitano‐cho and Yamamoto‐dori, a well‐known residential area for foreigners, where ijinkan (historical Western‐style residences) still stand to this day. By law, foreigners in zakkyochi were given only the right to lease land from Japanese citizens and the Japanese government. Nonetheless, foreigners such as E.H. Hunter expanded the area available to them by using the names of Japanese relatives. Although Japanese women who married foreigners were also prohibited from owning land, this restriction did not apply to their children. Thus, in the case of E.H. Hunter, a significant portion of the land he acquired was acquired in the name of his children, primarily in areas adjacent to the mountains, excluding the sites of graveyards and villages. Indeed, it was generally the case that the land used by foreigners in Kobe was concentrated in the hilly areas with good views that did not serve as graveyards or village sites.
Data‐driven performance metrics for neural network learning
Authors: Alessandri Angelo , Gaggero Mauro , Sanguineti Marcello
Published: October 2023

Effectiveness of data‐driven neural learning in terms of both local mimima trapping and convergence rate is addressed. Such issues are investigated in a case study involving the training of one‐hidden‐layer feedforward neural networks with the extended Kalman filter, which reduces the search for the optimal network parameters to a state estimation problem, as compared to descent‐based methods. In this respect, the performances of the training are assessed by using the Cramér‐Rao bound, along with a novel metric based on an empirical criterion to evaluate robustness with respect to local minima trapping. Numerical results are provided to illustrate the performances of the training based on the extended Kalman filter in comparison with gradient‐based learning.
Controlled Crystallographic Texture Orientation in Structural Materials Using the Laser Powder Bed Fusion Process—A Review
Authors: Cobbinah Prince Valentine , Matsunaga Sae , Yamabe-Mitarai Yoko
Published: October 2023

Advantages of the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process over conventional processing methods include microstructural control capability and complex geometry parts fabrication. For most alloys, the microstructure–property relationship typically guides the LPBF process toward achieving application‐specific properties. Nonetheless, the LPBF process produces a high degree of anisotropy, primarily from the epitaxial preferred grain growth mechanisms during solidification and the consequent highly textured microstructures produced. The crystallographic texture‐controlled build concept through the LPBF process is a material design and processing approach gaining a lot of interest because of the promising unique and superior properties offered by the anisotropy accompanying the LPBF process. The numerous attempts at intentional texture‐controlled building or parts fabrication from structural materials using the LPBF process warrant an up‐to‐date review. Thus, this review presents solidification mechanisms that influence texture evolution during the LPBF process such as the melting mode, melt pool shape, influence of thermal gradient, and solidification rate. Furthermore, this review delves into the influence of LPBF process parameters on texture, accompanying microstructural evolution, and the intentional control of texture effects on properties such as mechanical, corrosion, and oxidation resistance.
Nature‐Inspired Strategies for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis
Authors: Wu Mingzhou , Zheng Kai , Li Wenhao , He Weiming , Qian Chen , Lin Zhixiang , Xiao Haixiang , Yang Huilin , Xu Yaozeng , Wei Minggang , Bai Jiaxiang , Geng Dechun
Published: October 2023

Articular cartilage is devoid of nerves and blood vessels, and its nutrients must be obtained from the joint fluid; therefore, its ability to repair itself is limited. Manufactured materials such as artificial cartilage or synthetic materials are typically used in traditional approaches for knee cartilage repair. However, durability, postimplant rejection, and tissue incompatibility are the problems associated with these materials. In recent decades, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have focused on the development of functional substitutes, particularly those based on naturally inspired biopolymers. This review focuses on sustainably produced biopolymers based on materials derived from natural sources. Furthermore, these materials have many advantages, including low antigenicity, biocompatibility, and degradability. Of course, there are also many challenges associated with natural materials, such as the lack of clinical studies and long‐term follow‐up data, unstable mechanical properties of the materials, and high demands placed on preparation and molding techniques. In this review, an overview of natural and nature‐inspired polymers that are the subject of research to date, as well as their structural designs and product performances is provided. This review provides scientific guidance for enhancing the development of naturally inspired materials for treating cartilage injuries.
Self‐Limited Epitaxial Growth of Patterned Monolayer Organic Crystals for Polarization‐Sensitive Phototransistor with Ultrahigh Dichroic Ratio
Authors: Chen Jinhui , Wang Jinwen , Chen Shuai , Pan Jing , Jia Ruofei , Wang Chaoqiang , Wu Xiaofeng , Jie Jiansheng , Zhang Xiujuan
Published: October 2023

Monolayer organic crystals provide an unprecedented opportunity for studies on the intrinsic charge transport of organic semiconductors because of their 2D nature that is free of grain boundaries with fewer defects. However, due to the spatially stochastic molecular nucleation and the difficulty in controlling monolayer assembly, large‐scale growth of monolayer organic crystals remains a formidable challenge. Here, a self‐limited epitaxial growth strategy is proposed to realize large‐area patterned growth of monolayer organic crystals via physical vapor deposition process. Specifically, this approach confines the molecular nucleation and crystallization in defined wetting patterns, whose sizes are smaller than the mean free path of the molecules on substrate, enabling the formation of a single nucleus in wetting pattern. Meanwhile, the intermolecular lattice mismatch between 2,7‐dialkyl[1]benzothieno[3,2‐b][1]benzothiophene (Cn‐BTBT, n = 8 and 10) derivatives inhibits vertical molecular stacking, thereby promoting the monolayer assembly of organic molecules. Using this approach, centimeter‐sized patterned growth of mixed Cn‐BTBT monolayer organic crystals is achieved. Polarization‐sensitive phototransistors based on the monolayer organic crystals exhibit ultrahigh dichroic ratio up to 4.6 × 103, on par with the commercial polarizers (103). This work sheds light on large‐scale patterned growth of monolayer organic crystals toward high‐performance optoelectronic devices.
Freestanding Perovskite Oxide Membranes: A New Playground for Novel Ferroic Properties and Applications
Authors: Han Lu , Dong Guohua , Liu Ming , Nie Yuefeng
Published: October 2023

Transition metal perovskite oxide membranes and their unique properties have attracted great attention recently and have been developed into one of the research frontiers in condensed matter physics and materials science. Free of constraint imposed by the underlying substrate, freestanding membranes exhibit extraordinary structural tunability and flexibility far exceeding the bulk materials and epitaxial films clamped on substrates, which substantially extends the explorable regime in the phase diagrams. Moreover, high‐quality oxide membranes, even down to a single unit cell, can be synthesized and stacked/integrated with any materials for novel artificial heterostructures and electronic applications. The exceptional structural tunability and stacking ability in oxide membranes provide new knobs to explore the spontaneous symmetry breaking in oxides, providing a fertile playground for emergent primary ferroic/multiferroic properties and electronic applications. Here, the recent progress is briefly reviewed and the promising outlook for future research in ferroic perovskite oxide membranes and their applications is discussed.
Transforming Li3PS4 Via Halide Incorporation: a Path to Improved Ionic Conductivity and Stability in All‐Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Poudel Tej P. , Deck Michael J. , Wang Pengbo , Hu Yan‐Yan
Published: October 2023

To enhance Li+ transport in all‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs), harnessing localized nanoscale disorder can be instrumental, especially in sulfide‐based solid electrolytes (SEs). In this investigation, the transformation of the model SE, Li3PS4, is delved into via the introduction of LiBr. 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)unveils the emergence of a glassy PS43− network interspersed with Br−. 6Li NMR corroborates swift Li+ migration between PS43− and Br−, with increased Li+ mobility indicated by NMR relaxation measurements. A more than fourfold enhancement in ionic conductivity is observed upon LiBr incorporation into Li3PS4. Moreover, a notable decrease in activation energy underscores the pivotal role of Br− incorporation within the anionic lattice, effectively reducing the energy barrier for ion conduction and transitioning Li+ transport dimensionality from 2D to 3D. The compatibility of Li3PS4 with Li metal is improved through LiBr incorporation, alongside an increase in critical current density from 0.34 to 0.50 mA cm−2, while preserving the electrochemical stability window. ASSBs with 3Li3PS4:LiBr as the SE  showcase robust high‐rate and long‐term cycling performance. These findings collectively indicate the potential of lithium halide incorporation as a promising avenue to enhance the ionic conductivity and stability of SEs.
Surface Energy Engineering of Buried Interface for Highly Stable Perovskite Solar Cells with Efficiency Over 25%
Authors: Su Hang , Xu Zhuo , He Xilai , Yao Yuying , Zheng Xinxin , She Yutong , Zhu Yujie , Zhang Jing , Liu Shengzhong (Frank)
Published: October 2023

The abundant oxygen‐related defects (e.g., O vacancies, O–H) in the TiO2 electron transport layer results in high surface energy, which is detrimental to effective carrier extraction and seriously impairs the photovoltaic performance and stability of perovskite solar cells. Here, novel surface energy engineering (SEE) is developed by applying a surfactant of heptadecafluorooctanesulfonate tetraethylammonium (HFSTA) on the surface of the TiO2. Theoretical calculations show that the HFSTA‐TiO2 is less prone to form O vacancies, leading to lower surface energy, thus improving the carrier‐extraction efficiency. The experimental results show that superior perovskite film is obtained due to the reduced heterogeneous nucleation sites and improved crystallization process on the modified TiO2. Furthermore, the flexible long alkyl chains in HFSTA considerably relieve the compressive stresses at the buried interface. By combining the passivation of TiO2, crystallization process modulation, and stress relief, a champion PCE up to 25.03% is achieved. The device without encapsulation sustains 92.2% of its initial PCE after more than 2500 h storage under air ambient with relative humidity of 25–30%. The SEE of a buried interface paves a new way toward high‐efficiency, stable perovskite solar cells.
Armor for Steel: Facile Synthesis of Hexagonal Boron Nitride Films on Various Substrates
Authors: Vlassiouk Ivan , Smirnov Sergei , Puretzky Alexander , Olunloyo Olugbenga , Geohegan David B. , Dyck Ondrej , Lupini Andrew R. , Unocic Raymond R. , Meyer Harry M. , Xiao Kai , Briggs Dayrl , Lavrik Nickolay , Keum Jong , Cakmak Ercan , Harris Sumner B. , Checa Marti , Collins Liam , Lasseter John , Emery Reece , Rayle John , Rack Philip D. , Stehle Yijing , Chaturvedi Pavan , Kidambi Piran R. , Gu Gong , Ivanov Ilia
Published: October 2023

While hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has been widely used as a buffer or encapsulation layer for emerging electronic devices, interest in utilizing it for large‐area chemical barrier coating has somewhat faded. A chemical vapor deposition process is reported here for the conformal growth of hBN on large surfaces of various alloys and steels, regardless of their complex shapes. In contrast to the previously reported very limited protection by hBN against corrosion and oxidation, protection of steels against 10% HCl and oxidation resistance at 850 °C in air is demonstrated. Furthermore, an order of magnitude reduction in the friction coefficient of the hBN coated steels is shown. The growth mechanism is revealed in experiments on thin metal films, where the tunable growth of single‐crystal hBN with a selected number of layers is demonstrated. The key distinction of the process is the use of N2 gas, which gets activated exclusively on the catalyst's surface and eliminates adverse gas‐phase reactions. This rate‐limiting step allowed independent control of activated nitrogen along with boron coming from a solid source (like elemental boron). Using abundant and benign precursors, this approach can be readily adopted for large‐scale hBN synthesis in applications where cost, production volume, and process safety are essential.
Origin of Intrinsic Operational Instability in Organic Field‐Effect Transistors with Aligned High‐Mobility Donor–Acceptor Copolymer Active Layers
Authors: Sakamoto Kenji , Bulgarevich Kirill , Yasuda Takeshi , Minari Takeo , Takeuchi Masayuki
Published: October 2023

The origin of intrinsic operational instability in organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) is discussed by comparing bias stress effects of OFETs with unidirectionally aligned and unaligned active layers of two different semiconducting polymers under vacuum environment. By forming hydrophobic nano‐groove structures on gate dielectric surfaces, a high‐mobility donor–acceptor copolymer, poly[4‐(4,4‐dihexadecyl‐4H‐cyclopenta[1,2‐b:5,4‐b′]‐dithiophen‐2‐yl)‐alt‐[1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4‐c]pyridine] (PCDTPT) and a benchmark semicrystalline polymer, poly(2,5‐bis(3‐hexadecylthiophen‐2‐yl)thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene) (PBTTT‐C16), are successfully aligned. The mobilities of the PCDTPT‐OFETs are higher than those of the PBTTT‐OFETs, but the operational stabilities are lower. Moreover, for both semiconducting polymers, the aligned OFETs exhibit higher mobility but lower operational stability than the unaligned OFETs. These results indicate that an increase in mobility does not necessarily lead to an increase in operational stability. The interface trap density of states analysis reveals that the lower operational stability of PCDTPT‐OFETs is not due to the tail state change but primarily due to the much larger turn‐on voltage shift (ΔVon). The major mechanism causing ΔVon should be the charge carrier transfer from the channel to the gate dielectric. Since the energy barrier limiting the charge carrier transfer decreases with increasing ionization potential of the active layer, the lower operational stability of PCDTPT‐OFETs is attributed to the higher ionization potential of PCDTPT.