bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF CORONAVIRUS DISEASE (COVID-19) ON HEMOSTASISSYSTEM IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENTS
Authors: Anfinogenova Oxana , Melchenko Evgeny , MURATOVA Anna , Kochkonyan Taisiya , Domenyuk Stanislav , Vlasov Alexandr , Elkanova Aishat , Domenyuk Dmitry
Published: February 2022

Acute viral respiratory infections add to the progression risk of the already existing pathologies, including those of cardiovascular origin. Life-threatening complications emerging against SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome), which causes COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019), explain the need to study the cardiovascular effects of COVID-19 in order to offer rational medical care to patients belonging to various age categories. This article presents a comprehensive assessment of changes affecting the main hemostasis parameters in patients with acute cerebral circulatory disorders against the SARS-CoV-2 virus infection. There is special attention paid to the pathophysiological features occurring against the infectious process involving the hemostasis system. Our data shows that the differences in the main hemostatic parameters in patients with acute cerebral circulatory disorders occurring against the SARS-CoV-2 virus infection are due to the degree of the body responsiveness and the severity of the comorbid pathology. Reducing the risk of adverse conditions developing in this category of patients is possible in case of responsible monitoring focusing on the main indicators of the cardiovascular system status, as well as provided there are advanced approaches introduced in order to prevent and treat thrombotic/thromboembolic complications.
INFLUENCE OF HESPERIDIN ON SOME BIOCHEMICAL INDICATORS IN MICE IN SETTING OF EXTRACTING PHYSICAL LOADING
Authors: Gerashchenko Anastasia , Shabanova Natalia
Published: February 2022

A study was carried out on the effect of hesperidin, administered at a dosage of 100 mg / kg, on biochemical parameters in mice in the setting of exhausting physical exertion. The change in biochemical parameters was assessed after the «Treadmill» test, which was carried out during 5 days. After that, blood was tested for further assessment of the following markers of fatigue: lactic (LA), pyruvic acid (PA), and myoglobin. These compounds were determined using a standard set of reagents. It was found that against the background of intragastric administration of the studied flavonoid hesperidin in relation to the negative control group, there was a significant decrease in lactate level by 2.3 times (p <0.05), an increase in pyruvate by 8.8 times, a decrease in the lactate / pyruvate 21.2 times (p <0.05). It should also be noted that the myoglobin level was lower at 2.0 (p <0.05) in comparison with the negative control group. There were no significant differences between the group that received hesperidin during the experiment and the group of mice that received Mexidol in the above parameters (LA, PA, LA / PA, myoglobin). The results of the study obtained allow us to recommend this compound as a corrector of biochemical shifts that can occur during exhausting loads.
PENGATURAN KOMISI YUDISIAL DALAM KONSTITUSI: SUATU PERBANDINGAN ANTARA INDONESIA DAN THAILAND
Authors: SR Naiborhu Netty
Published: February 2022

ABSTRAK
Dalam tulisan ini, penulis hendak membandingkan keberadaan KY di Indonesia dengan Thailand baik dari segi kedudukannya dalam konstitusi. Mengingat keberadaan konstitusi dapat dikatakan sebagai the rule of the game di mana kedudukannya sebagai sumber hukum tertinggi pada suatu negara. Adapun alasannya penulis: pertama, bahwa berbicara KY ada benang merah dengan salah satu prinsip yaitu kekuasaan kehakiman yang merdeka. Sehingga berbicara dunia peradilan sudah menjadi suatu fakta di berbagai negara manapun; kedua, penulis berpendapat bahwa tradisi hukum yang dilakukan di Thailand setidaknya memiliki kesamaan; ketiga, penulis berasumsi bahwa suatu saat nanti Indonesia dan Thailand sebagai negara anggota ASEAN dan sudah memasuki era Komunitas ASEAN (ASEAN Community) suatu saat nanti masing-masing lembaganya akan berkoordinasi dalam bidang hukum terutama di peradilan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif melalui pendekatan metode yuridis normatif yang disebut juga penelitian hukum kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Keberadaan KY sebagai suatu lembaga di bidang kekuasaan kehakiman baik di Indonesia maupun Thailand diatur dalam masing-masing konstitusi, yang membedakan antara Indonesia dan Thailand dalam hal rumusan konstitusinya, adapun perbedaan antara KY di Indonesia dengan Thailand yaitu KY di Indonesia tidak membedakan keberadaannya dalam lingkungan badan peradilan manapun. Sehingga dalam menjalankan tugas dan wewenangnya dapat dilakukan dengan bekerjasama dengan keberadaan MA. Berbeda dengan Thailand, di mana keberadaan KY dibagi menjadi dua yaitu, Judicial Commission of The Court dan Judicial Commission of Administrative Court. Sehingga masing-masing KY tersebut hanya menjalankan tugas dan wewenangnya di lingkungan peradilannya yang diatur di masing-masing lingkungan peradilan.
Manajemen Pengembangan Kurikulum Pesantren di Jawa Timur
Authors: Muhlas Muhlas , Husnan Riayatul
Published: February 2022

Kurikulum pondok pesantren merupakan hal yang sangat urgen dalam mencapai sebuah keberhasilan pembelajaran. Padahal yang kita ketahui pondok pesantren tidak memiliki kurikulum secara resmi dari pemerintah, karena hal itu merupakan kebijakan dari masing-masing pengasuh pondok pesantren.  Kajian ini difokuskan untuk mengungkap kosep perencanaan, pola pelaksanaan, model evaluasi manajemen pengembagan kurikulum pesantren di Jawa Timur. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini pendekatan diskriptif kualitatif dengan penerapan studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan datanya menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dokumenter, sedangkan analisis datanya menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, verifikasi dan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola perencanaan manajemen pengembagan kurikulum pesantren mengha-silkan program kegiatan, pertama, penyusunan program kerja visi misi dan tujuan. Kedua, adanya keterlibatan para ustadz dan stakeholders. Pola pelaksanaan manajemen pengembangan kurikulum pesantren diesuaikan degan visi-misi pesantren melalui kegiatan, 5 S antara lain: strategi inquiry, strategi inquiry sosial, strategi exposition learning, strategi rote learning, strategi contextual teaching learning. Model evaluasi manajemen pengembangan kurikulum pesantren meliputi evaluator, ruang lingkup atau objek evaluasi, alat evaluasi, kebijakan evaluasi.
Kata Kunci: manajemen pengembangan kurikulum, pondok pesantren
Abstract
The Islamic boarding school curriculum is very urgent in achieving a learning success. In fact, what we know is that Islamic boarding schools do not have an official curriculum from the government, because it is the policy of each boarding school caregiver. This study is focused on revealing: planning concepts, Implementation patterns, evaluation models of islamic boarding school curriculum development management in East Java. The approach used in this study is a qualitative descriptive approach with the application of case studies. Data collection techniques use observation, interview, documentary. While the data analysis uses data reduction, data display, verification, and conclucation. the results of the study show that the pattern of management planning for the development of the Islamic boarding school curriculum produces a program of activities, first, the preparation of the work program of the vision, mission and objectives. Second, the involvement of the asatidz board and stakeholders. The implementation pattern of Islamic boarding school curriculum development management is adjusted to the vision and mission of the pesantren through activities, 5 S, including: inquiry strategy, social inquiry strategy, exposition learning strategy, rote learning strategy, contextual teaching learning strategy evaluation model of curriculum development management includes evaluator, scope or object of evaluation, evaluation tool, evaluation policy.
Peran Kepala Sekolah dalam Pelaksanaan Manajemen Pemasaran Sekolah Dasar di Jember Jawa Timur
Authors: Fathorrozi Fathorrozi , Muhith Abd.
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tugas kepala sekolah sebagai manager dan leader pemasaran di sebuah Sekolah Dasar di Jember, Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi partisipan pasif, wawancara semi terstruktur, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkap dua hal. Pertama, tugas kepala sekolah sebagai manajer pemasaran di SD adalah dengan melakukan perencanaan yang meliputi identifikasi pasar dan target pasar. Pengorganisasian dengan pembagian tugas sesuai kesepakatan. Pelaksanaan yang meliputi pemasaran secara langsung, yaitu penyebaran brosur, pemasangan baliho, presentasi ke lembaga dan mengunjungi tokoh berpengaruh, dan pemasaran tidak langsung, yaitu khatmil Qur’an keliling, drumband, pemuatan foto kegiatan di kelas dan luar kelas, penyelenggaraan event lomba pada Peringatan Hari Besar Islam, program unggulan dan prestasi siswa. Pengawasan dengan evaluasi capaian, menunjukkan hasil yang dicapai sesuai keinginan. Kedua, tugas kepala sekolah sebagai leader pemasaran di SD adalah dengan menerapkan strategi bauran pemasaran, 4P yaitu, produk: program tahfidz juz 30 dan pengamalan pendidikan agama; harga: gratis tanpa biaya; tempat: sejuk, asri, terhindar dari keramaian dan menawarkan keberkahan; promosi: pembagian zakat dengan melibatkan siswa, berkunjung ke tokoh berpengaruh, dan khatmil Qur’an secara keliling.
Kata Kunci: peran kepala sekolah, manajemen pemasaran, bauran pemasaran, sekolah dasar
Abstract
This study aims to describe the principal duties as the marketing manager and leader marketing in the private Islamic primary school in Jember, East Java. This research uses qualitative approach. The data collection technique used in this research is passive participant observation, semistructured interview and documentation. This research finds two things. First, the principal duties as the marketing manager in the primary school are doing the planning that includes market segmentation, market target and program determination; organizing by dividing the tasks according to the agreed schedule; implementing direct and indirect marketing; and monitoring with provide direction, motivation and awareness to teachers on duty. Second, the principal duties as marketing leader in the primary school are applying marketing mixed strategy, 4Ps. The Product: juz 30 tahfidz’s program and practicing religious education; The Price: it’s free; The Place: cool and fresh, beautiful, no crowd, and offers blessings; and The Promotion: distributing zakat with the students, visiting public figures, and doing door to door Al-Quran recitation.
KAJIAN POTENSI DEBIT MATA AIR DALAM RANGKA PENERBITAN IZIN PEMANFAATAN AIR BAKU DI HULU SUNGAI BENGAWAN SOLO
Authors: Seizarwati Wulan , Fikri Novaldy Agnial , Syahidah Muhshonati , Husna Abdullah , Ahmad Ryan Dzulfikar , Kusumastuti Sri Wahyu
Published: February 2022

Undang – Undang Sumber Daya Air No. 17 Tahun 2019 mengamanatkan bahwa pendayagunaan sumber daya air meliputi sumber air permukaan dan sumber air lainnya termasuk mata air. Berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri PUPR No. 01/PRT/M/2016 tentang Tata Cara Perizinan Pengusahaan Sumber Daya Air dan Penggunaan Sumber Daya Air, terdapat persyaratan teknis yang harus dipenuhi dalam pemanfaatan mata air. Sebelum menentukan debit pemanfaatan yang diizinkan maka perlu diketahui terlebih dahulu potensi atau keandalan debit mata air tersebut. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan volume pemanfaatan air yang diizinkan dari mata air untuk kepentingan air baku. Studi kasus dilakukan pada mata air Cokro yang dimanfaatkan oleh PDAM Kota Surakarta V di bawah pengelolaan BBWS Bengawan Solo. Kajian ini meliputi beberapa tahapan, yaitu penentuan jenis mata air, delineasi daerah tangkapan, pengukuran debit sesaat dan uji kualitas air fisik, serta penerapan model hidrologi untuk mendapatkan debit andalan mata air. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa mata air Cokro diperkirakan terbentuk akibat permukaan tanah memotong muka air tanah atau dapat dikategorikan sebagai mata air depresi. Hasil perhitungan debit andal Q90 mata air Cokro adalah 500 L/det, sedangkan debit yang diusulkan sebesar 400 L/det. Oleh karena itu pengusahaan mata air ini direkomendasikan untuk diizinkan dengan persyaratan tertentu sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku. Kajian potensi debit mata air ini diharapkan dapat dijadikan acuan oleh BBWS Bengawan Solo ataupun BBWS/ BWS lainnya dalam memberikan rekomendasi teknis perizinan pemanfaatan mata air.
Transmission conditions for clear depiction of thoracic spine based on difference between reflection and scattering characteristics of medical ultrasound
Authors: Bando Taiga , Mori Shohei , Arakawa Mototaka , Onishi Eiko , Yamauchi Masanori , Kanai Hiroshi
Published: February 2022

In epidural anesthesia, it is difficult to specify the puncture position of the anesthesia needle. We have proposed an ultrasonic method to depict the thoracic spine using the different characteristics of reflection from bone and scattering from muscle tissue. In the present paper, we investigated the transmission aperture’s width of the ultrasound probe to emphasize the differences in the reflection and scattering characteristics. First, we determined the optimum transmission aperture’s width using a simulation experiment. Next, we measured reflection and scattering signals by changing the transmission aperture’s width in a water tank experiment and confirmed that the results corresponded to the simulations. However, as the transmission aperture’s width increased, the lateral resolution at the focal point improved. Therefore, better imaging of the human thoracic vertebrae can be achieved by selecting the transmission aperture’s width, which considers the effect on lateral resolution.
Proton-conductive polymeric ionic liquids block copolymer of poly(vinylphosphonic acid)/1-propylimidazole-b-polystyrene for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells
Authors: Suzuki Yukina , Nohara Tomohiro , Tabata Keisuke , Yamakado Ryohei , Shimada Ryuichiro , Nakazaki Haruki , Saito Takaaki , Makino Tsutomu , Arita Toshihiko , Masuhara Akito
Published: February 2022

Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells have challenges in operation under low-humidity conditions caused by a proton conduction mechanism dependent on water. We focused on polymeric ionic liquids (PILs), which are promising for high proton conductivity under a wide range of environments because they have the characteristics of polymer electrolyte liquids. However, it is difficult to fabricate self-standing membranes of PILs due to their high hygroscopicity and fluidity. In this paper, to inhibit the fluidity of the PIL in developing a self-standing PEM, the hydrophobic chain segment of styrene is inserted between the PILs of poly(vinylphosphonic acid/1-propylimidazole) (P(VPA/1PIm)) by RAFT polymerization. The synthesized sample of P(VPA/1PIm)-block-polystyrene is potentially applicable to PEM materials because it was obtained in powder state, having a high heat resistance of up to 300 °C, and exhibiting a proton-conducting property under a wide range of environments.
Improved mid-air acoustic tweezers using adaptive phase and amplitude control
Authors: Kondo Shota , Okubo Kan
Published: February 2022

Recently, remarkable developments in contact-less manipulation methods using ultrasonic transducer arrays have been reported. Ultrasonic non-contact manipulation enables precise control of small objects without contamination; therefore, it is expected to have a wide range of applications. In this paper, we present a novel approach for the stable non-contact pick-up of small particles from a rigid stage using a hemispherical ultrasonic transducer array. We achieved stable pick-up by employing adaptive phase and amplitude control against the distance from the reflection stage.
UNDERLYING DIFFERENCES BETWEEN COGNITIVE AND LINGUOCULTURAL CONCEPTS IN THE FIELD OF COGNITIVE LINGUISTICS AND LINGUOCULTUROLOGY
Authors: FAYZIEVA Sanam
Published: February 2022

The article attempts to present a thorough analyses of concept from the position of two linguistic perspectives. The notion of concept is shared property and means of representation for both linguoculturology and cognitive linguistics. The concept is viewed as a mental representation, fragments from human life experience, abstract and rational categories shaped in the individual’s world picture. Having numerous ways of representation through language units in language, concepts create conceptual spaces and are classified into universal, national and individual divisions. A substantial and perspicuous explanation is presented in the given article, first to throw light on different angles of research of cognitive linguistics and linguoculturology; secondly, to develop thorough methodological comparative evaluation which outlines major similarities and differences between linguocultural and cognitive concepts. A comparative analysis allows to conclude that the value component reflected in national collective mentality is considered as the most significant aspect of linguocultural concept; while, cognitive concepts are inextricably intertwined with linguocultural concepts, the focal point of the study is directed to the investigation of processes of human cognition and information processing along with the attempt to identify the major concepts that help to organize conceptual world picture.
Dehumanization and environmental degradation: A Techno-Social challenge and the narrative of Bob Marley’s musical track “Natural Mystic” the case for developmental sustainability
Authors: Chinasa Nnanyelugo Emelda
Published: February 2022

Reports of the rate and ways lives are lost and the events surrounding these ugly situations connote and attribute to the way our environment retaliates to its ill-treatment. The dehumanization seen everywhere and in every country has done so much damage to the development of the environment and the world at large which indicate the numerous and uncontrolled lost of lives globally. This has also brought the world to a relatively standstill. That notwithstanding, the challenges associated with the techno-social events in our day to day activities has but compounded the situation a whole lot. This paper ascertained these challenges and how it contributes to the environmental degradation. It also investigated the reasons why and how the environment revolts and reacts as a result of its ill-treatment which calls for a sustainable development, as viewed in the narrative of Bob Marley’s musical lyrical track “natural mystic”. This paper explored historical and descriptive methods using content analytical tools for collecting and analysing data with emphasis to how this lyrical illustration provide answers and possible solutions to the problem under study. It also provides requisite information for a clearer understanding of how our environment reacts to its degradation and the effect of dehumanization that is geared as a result of the techno-social events and innovations. This is for a possible and healthy sustainable development.
CULTURAL VALUES AND MANPOWER PLANNING: THE NIGERIAN EXPERIENCE
Authors:   Department of Industrial Relations and Human Resource Management, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos, OLANIPEKUN Lateef Okikiola , AKINLABI Naimat Adetoun ,   Department of Office Technology and Management, Federal Polytechnic, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State
Published: February 2022

This paper examined Cultural Values and Manpower Planning: The Nigerian Experience. Culture is considered as a way of life; it is a form of belief which dictates, regulates and hold sway on the perception through which life should be lived among a group of persons and also emphasize the conventional standard of behaviour expected. Culture cuts across all structures and institutions of every society and no institution can function adequately without acknowledging the cultural components of its environment; but the fact that an organisation must align itself with the custom and practice of the territory where it operates, the required operational standard must be maintained and protected to ease the work process and to ensure the attainment of organisational corporate goal. The study was anchored on the structural-functionalist theory of Talcott Parsons. The study concluded that an organisation is a fragment of the societal elements which enable sufficient functionality, likewise, culture is the bedrock in which institutions and structures rely upon that makes them more operable. Thus, planning for current and future manpower of the organisation must take culture into cognizance but not at the expense of the right operational strategy and standards.
CITIZEN PARTICIPATION IN BUDGETARY PROCESSES IN NIGERIA: MYTH OR REALITY
Authors:   Department of Public Administration Faculty of Management Sciences Lagos State University, OKEWALE Raheem Akanni Adewale
Published: February 2022

Citizen participation in governance processes is critical for sustaining the development of any society. Citizen participation in budgetary processes is a system of promoting efficient and responsive government by having citizens input into resource allocation decisions. The paper noted that citizen-participation in governance is at its lowest in the nation. This paper is qualitative in nature, relying on secondary data, such as textbooks, journals, official documents etc. The paper is anchored on stakeholders’ theory which argues that citizen participation is a pillar of democracy and is necessary for a sustainable democracy. As a result, it gives every individual opportunity to influence and change political, social, economic and public decisions and allows citizens to be an important part of the democratic decision-making in Nigeria. It observed that since the return of democratic rule in Nigeria in 1999, efforts at participatory governance have never received the full backing of the ruling class, because they see it as a threat to their collective interest. The paper examines the mature of budgetary process in Nigeria, and states that participatory budgeting could be an important tool that can be used to encourage active citizenship in the transformation and development of their community. It concludes that the quality of democracy depends on how far people can participate in and influence the governance process. Citizen participation is critical for democratic decision-making and ensuring transparency and accountability.
Assessment of thoracic spinal curvatures in static postures using spatially tracked 3D ultrasound volumes: A proof-of-concept study
Authors: Meszaros-Beller Laura , Antico Maria , Fontanarosa Davide , Pivonka Peter
Published: February 2022

Measurement of vertebral spinal motion is a difficult endeavor given the lack of reachable bony landmarks for placement of reflective markers for common optoelectronic systems and large skin movement artifacts along the spine affecting the accuracy of surface-mounted techniques. The objective of this proof-of-concept study was to develop an experimental framework to assess spinal curvatures with high accuracy by using ultrasound (US) imaging. A phantom spine model (T1-T12) immersed in water was scanned using both Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and three dimensional (3D) US. The US scans were obtained for the phantom spine in different postures while the US probe was localized by three electromagnetic tracking sensors (NDI system) attached to the probe head and later identified on the acquired US volumes via visual inspection. Spinal landmarks were selected on the US images and validated using US-MRI registration. Their position was then related to the position of the tracking sensors, enabling the precise localization of landmarks and reconstruction of spinal curvatures in a global reference frame. The obtained anatomical reconstructions were further refined using an automatic registration algorithm and validated by an experienced sonographer (ground-truth solution). Results of this study show that localized 3D US enables tracking of spinal landmarks and allows for an accurate reconstruction of static postures. A high reliability in sensor identification of 0.49 mm was found on average while the inter-observer variability was strongly correlated to the intra-observer error with maximum deviance of 0.8 mm. The NDI-based spine reconstruction had a mean error of 5.6 mm compared to the ground-truth, which is significantly lower than errors obtained by current gold standards (>10 mm). Combining US probe tracking and semi-automatic registration methods anatomical reconstructions comparable to clinical standards were obtained. This study implies that US holds the potential for advancing vertebral motion assessment and the reconstruction of spinal curvatures. In future, this could overcome limitations of marker-based approaches.
Learning Sustainable Locust Control Methods in Virtual Reality
Authors: Hahn Nathan , Fuchs Beatrice , Fortna Max , Cobb Elijah , Iqbal Muhammad Zahid
Published: February 2022

 Invasion of locust swarms has affected the crops in many countries in Africa and Asia, which is a significant threat to food security. Therefore, different approaches are adopted to monitor and control the locust swarms to save the crops. Furthermore, it has been proved in various studies that technology can help in agriculture through drones, real-time data monitoring, or teaching the farmers with the latest tools. Following the UN sustainability goals for food security, this research has presented a Virtual Reality(VR) based educational application to teach sustainable locust management strategies. Using hand tracking technology in the Oculus Quest lets users learn how farmers can deal with locusts without pesticides. Based on a storytelling approach, the methods presented are profitable for the farmers and free of any harm to crops regarding food security. This application can help motivate the adoption of these sustainable locust control strategies in broader interventions for environmental recovery. 
Il voto degli italiani all'estero: le difficoltà incontrate in Argentina nell'attuazione delle norme
Authors: Tarantino Francesco
Published: February 2022

La complessa riforma del voto all'estero

Il passaggio delle norme alla prassi in Argentina, alla vigilia delle elezioni politiche 2006

La formazione degli elenchi elettorali: uno spunto di riflessione sulla certezza del voto

L'invio e il recapito dei plichi elettorali: uno spunto di riflessione sulla sicurezza del voto

Le elezioni politiche del 2006 in Argentina: partecipazione e risultati elettorali
2021 Brazilian Thoracic Association recommendations for the management of severe asthma
Authors: de Carvalho-Pinto1 Regina Maria , Delfini Cançado2 José Eduardo , Menezes Pizzichini3 Marcia Margaret , Fiterman4 Jussara , Sperb Rubin5,6 Adalberto , Cerci Neto7,8 Alcindo , Augusto Cruz9,10 Álvaro , Godoy Fernandes11 Ana Luisa , Silva Araujo12 Ana Maria , Cavalet Blanco13 Daniela , Cordeiro Junior14,15 Gediel , Serrasqueiro Ballini Caetano11 Lilian , Fouad Rabahi16 Marcelo , Bezerra de Menezes17 Marcelo , de Oliveira18 Maria Alenita , Andrade Lima19 Marina , Márcio Pitrez20 Paulo
Published: February 2022

Advances in the understanding that severe asthma is a complex and heterogeneous disease and in the knowledge of the pathophysiology of asthma, with the identification of different phenotypes and endotypes, have allowed new approaches for the diagnosis and characterization of the disease and have resulted in relevant changes in pharmacological management. In this context, the definition of severe asthma has been established, being differentiated from difficult-to-control asthma. These recommendations address this topic and review advances in phenotyping, use of biomarkers, and new treatments for severe asthma. Emphasis is given to topics regarding personalized management of the patient and selection of biologicals, as well as the importance of evaluating the response to treatment. These recommendations apply to adults and children with severe asthma and are targeted at physicians involved in asthma treatment. A panel of 17 Brazilian pulmonologists was invited to review recent evidence on the diagnosis and management of severe asthma, adapting it to the Brazilian reality. Each of the experts was responsible for reviewing a topic or question relevant to the topic. In a second phase, four experts discussed and structured the texts produced, and, in the last phase, all experts reviewed and approved the present manuscript and its recommendations.
Outing the Majority: Gay Rights, Public Debate, and Polarization after Doe v. Reed
Authors: Allen Marc
Published: February 2022

In 2010, the United States Supreme Court ruled in Doe v. Reed that Washington citizens who signed a petition to eliminate legal rights for LGBT couples did not have a right to keep their names secret. A year later, in ProtectMarriage.com v. Bowen, a district court in California partially relied on Reed to reject a similar request from groups who lobbied for California Proposition 8-a constitutional amendment that overturned the California Supreme Court's landmark 2008 gay marriage decision. These holdings are important to election law, feminist, and first amendment scholars for a number of reasons. First, they flip the traditional roles of the civil rights litigants from earlier cases, like NAACP v. Alabama. In those early cases, publicly persecuted groups sought protection from disclosure laws, but, here, the persecutors themselves are looking for help. Second, the Doe v. Reed opinion, and especially Justice Scalia's concurrence, articulate an age-old conception of republican citizenship, one supported by a number of modern and contemporary political theorists. Last, this conception of citizenship has interesting, and largely positive, implications for political polarization, especially in the context of LGBT rights. It facilitates the realization of the fruits of hard-fought public opinion victories by the LGBT community and their allies. The Reed holding has the potential to help turn the ever-growing support for LGBT rights into concrete policies in the next decade. Marriage rights and employment protections for gays, lesbians, and transgender Americans have been put up for public referenda in a number of states. While the last few months have seen a number of key victories for the LGBT community, most states still have laws preventing gay and lesbian couples from marrying. Increased transparency might be good for LGBT legislative battles for a number of reasons. I argue that the LGBT movement is at a place where embracing Scalia's combative public citizenship is a winning strategy. Justice Scalia has provided the LGBT community with a critical weapon in its fight for marriage equality. By examining political science literature and public opinion polling, I hope to show that making public ballot initiatives transparent will curb the trend of states taking away rights and privileges from their LGBT citizens. I share the concerns of commentators like Cass Sunstein, who fear the phenomenon of insular political communities moving to extremes. I also share the concerns of thinkers ranging from James Madison to Alexis de Tocqueville to modern day political scientists about political majorities targeting unpopular minorities in winner-take-all elections. The "brave citizen" of Scalia's concurrence is a conception of deliberative democracy that serves the LGBT community well. In this Note I look at the likely impact of Doe v. Reed on the politics of the fight for LGBT rights.
Missed Opportunities: The Unrealized Equal Protection Framework in Maher v. Roe and Harris v. McRae
Authors: Bailey Amelia
Published: February 2022

This Note focuses on two cases, Maher v. Roe and Harris v. McRae, and argues that they represent watershed moments in the reproductive rights movement because they positioned abortion as a fundamental right in name only. In both cases, the Supreme Court sanctioned severe funding restrictions and refused to grant poor women the right to state and federal assistance for elective and “nontherapeutic” abortions. “Non-therapeutic abortion” refers to those abortions performed or induced when the life of the mother is not endangered if the fetus is carried to term or when the pregnancy of the mother is not the result of rape or incest reported to a law enforcement agency. This Note contends that by articulating the abortion right as stemming from the “right to privacy,” the Court effectively ruled out the possibility of public assistance for abortions. In contrast, a better approach to this issue would be to use an equality framework grounded in the Equal Protection Clause. This approach would instruct courts to invalidate state abortion restrictions that either 1) impose a burden on the reproductive choices of women when there is no equivalent restriction placed on men; or 2) have a disparate impact on indigent women. These missed opportunities to reorient the Court’s reproductive rights jurisprudence under the Equal Protection Clause continue to have lasting effects on women’s access to abortion, as the Court continues to weaken the Due Process standard articulated in Roe, enabling it to uphold increasingly prohibitive state restrictions on abortion.
R-Egg-Ulation: A Call for Greater Regulation of the Big Business of Human Egg Harvesting
Authors: Vera Danielle
Published: February 2022

When it comes to young healthy women “donating” their eggs, America has a regulation problem. This Note explains the science behind the harvesting of human eggs, focusing on potential egg donors, and describes the specific factors that make egg donation a unique type of transaction. It describes the current regulatory status of the assisted reproductive technology industry in the United States and highlights the ways in which this scheme fails to protect egg “donors.” This Note concludes with a call for comprehensive regulation of the assisted reproductive technology industry.
Prenatal Abandonment: 'Horton Hatches the Egg' In the Supreme Court and Thirty-Four States
Authors: Beck Mary
Published: February 2022

This article addresses an issue critical to forty-one percent of fathers in the United States: prenatal abandonment. Under prenatal abandonment theory, fathers can lose their parental rights to non-marital children if they do not provide prenatal support to the mothers of their children. This is true even if the mothers have not notified the fathers of the pregnancy and if the mothers or fathers are unsure of the fathers’ paternity. While this result may seem counterintuitive, it is necessitated by demographic trends. Prenatal abandonment theory has been structured to protect mothers, fathers, and fetuses in response to a number of social factors: the link between pregnancy and increased rates of sexual assault, domestic violence, and domestic homicide; the high non-marital birth rate; the commonality of casual sexual relationships; the likelihood that non-marital children will live in poverty; and poverty’s deleterious effects upon children.

The 2013 United States Supreme Court’s decision in Adoptive Couple v. Baby Girl endorsed prenatal abandonment theory and elevated the rights of pregnant women and fetuses while tying an unwed father’s rights to the responsibilities he assumes from the moment of conception. This Article analyzes relevant socio-demographics and comprehensively reviews existing case law to conclude with recommendations for the structure of prenatal abandonment theory as it now exists in various forms in thirty-four states.
Running from the Gender Police: Reconceptualizing Gender to Ensure Protection for Non-Binary People
Authors: Reineck Katie
Published: February 2022

Non-binary people who are discriminated against at work or school are in a unique and demoralizing position. Not only have some courts expressed reluctance to use existing antidiscrimination law to protect plaintiffs who are discriminated against based on their gender identity and not simply because they are men or women, in most states non-binary genders are not legally recognized. I argue that a fundamental right to self-identification grounded in the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment would provide non-binary plaintiffs with the ability to assert their gender in court and have that assertion carry legal weight, regardless of how friendly the Court is to queer rights issues. I argue that a fundamental right to selfidentification would require courts to give the same wide degree of deference to a plaintiff’s self-identification of their gender as they do to a plaintiff’s self-identification of their religious beliefs. This legal framework would prohibit courts from policing the gender of the parties before them and allow them only to assess whether the plaintiff’s gender-related beliefs are sincerely held. Such a legal framework would allow non-binary plaintiffs to bring claims under federal anti-discrimination law without worrying that the Court will refuse to recognize their gender as valid.
Reading of the Week: a continuing professional development program for psychiatrists and residents that Osler would have liked
Authors: Gratzer David , Islam Faisal , Sockalingam Sanjeev , Beckett Robyn
Published: February 2022

Introduction: William Osler started the first journal club more than a century ago. As in Osler’s, continuing professional development (CPD) is challenging to deliver in our day. This paper discusses the CPD outcomes of Reading of the Week (ROTW), an innovative online education resource aimed at Canadian psychiatrists and psychiatry residents.
Methods: ROTW consists of a weekly email sent to these physicians through formal partnerships, including 13 residency training programs, and summarizes the latest literature in psychiatric care. An online survey using Moore’s continued medical education evaluation framework was conducted to determine the outcomes of ROTW and how to improve it.
Results: One-third of ROTW subscribers (n = 332) responded to the survey. Respondents reported a very high rate of satisfaction (97%). The most significant findings: ROTW improved participants’ understanding of psychiatry (93%) and informed their practice (83%).
Conclusions: ROTW is a program that addresses challenges related to remaining “up-to-date” amidst the vast amount of resources available. Survey data suggests that ROTW has a high satisfaction rate and achieves practice change, perhaps because it provides a boundless learning option for trainees and providers. Further research is needed better to understand the reasons for the success of this program.
Historia naturalna łusek ryb – budowa, ewolucja i rozwój
Authors: Piprek Rafał P.
Published: February 2022

Skóra wielu kręgowców tworzy struktury wzmacniające jej ochronę. Już paleozoiczne bezszczękowce były pokryte różnorodnymi łuskami lub pancerzami. Jednym ze składników tych struktur jest zębina, na powierzchni której odkładana była silnie zmineralizowana tkanka, tak zwany enameloid, a więc tkanka szkliwo-podobna. Zębina osadzona jest na kostnej podstawie. U współczesnych ryb chrzęstnoszkieletowych występują łuski plakoidalne, mające postać ząbków zbudowanych z zębiny pokrytej enameloidem i osadzonej na kostnej płytce. U wczesnych ryb kostnoszkieletowych po raz pierwszy powstało szkliwo. Najbardziej pierwotną łuskę wśród współczesnych ryb kostnoszkieletowych posiada wielopłetwiec. Jego łuska jest typu ganoidalnego, pokryta wielowarstwowym szkliwem, zwanym ganoiną. Pod ganoiną znajduje się zębina, a pod nią elasmodyna i warstwa kości. W toku ewolucji tak grube łuski ulegały przekształceniu w cienkie łuski elastyczne, które występują m. in. u ryb doskonałokostnych. U kopalnych ryb mięśniopłetwych występowały łuski kosmoidalne pokryte kosminą, będącą systemem kanałów i porów w obrębie zębiny i szkliwa.
Bakterie w środowisku roślin - wrogowie i sprzymierzeńcy
Authors: Sobiczewski Piotr
Published: February 2022

Spośród poznanych dotychczas ponad 10000 hodowalnych gatunków bakterii, ponad 150 powoduje choroby roślin. Ze względu na ich objawy fitopatogeny bakteryjne dzieli się na nekrogeny, macerogeny i onkogeny. Niektóre z nich wykazują zdolność zakażania organizmów spoza królestwa roślin, w tym człowieka. Poważnym zagrożeniem jest także kontaminacja roślin i gleby przez wyłączne patogeny człowieka i/lub zwierząt. Są to głównie bakterie jelitowe. W środowisku roślin występują również bakterie korzystnie oddziałujące na ich zdrowotność, wzrost i plonowanie. Bakterie takie dysponują mechanizmami, które umożliwiają bezpośrednie i/lub pośrednie ograniczanie sprawców chorób, wykazując wobec nich aktywność antagonistyczną, a możliwie także indukując odporność roślin na porażenie. Ich zastosowanie w praktyce wymaga jednak przeprowadzenia szczegółowych badań, bowiem nawet te same szczepy mogą korzystnie oddziaływać na rośliny, a jednocześnie stanowić różnego rodzaju zagrożenia. I chociaż ochrona roślin metodą biologiczną jest obiecującą perspektywą, to ważne jest, aby mieć w polu widzenia jej możliwy, bezpośredni lub pośredni, negatywny wpływ na środowisko i zdrowie ludzi.
Millenialne i współczesne zmiany klimatu Bliskiego Wschodu
Authors: Muslih Khamis , Błażejczyk Krzysztof
Published: February 2022

Artykuł identyfikuje fazy występowania zmian klimatu na obszarze Bliskiego Wschodu w dwóch perspektywach czasowych: 3000-0 BC oraz zmian współczesnych. W tym celu wykorzystano różne zbiory danych: 1) informacje zaczerpnięte z licznych badań i dokumentów archeologicznych i historycznych, 2) bazy indexu NAO i opadów atmosferycznych okresu zimowego (DJFM) za lata 1890-2020, 3) średnie miesięczne i roczne wartości temperatury powietrza (Tmean) dla 6 stacji w Iraku za okres 1941-2020. W perspektywie millenialnej zidentyfikowano 4 okresy znaczących faz chłodnych i suchych (2650-2500, 2200-1900, 1300-1200 i 1000-850 BC). Fazy te cechowały się dużą ostrością klimatu, co spowodowało znaczące zmiany społeczno-polityczne na obszarze Mezopotamii. Badania współczesnych zmian klimatu sugerują ujemne korelacje pomiędzy zimowym wskaźnikiem NAO i opadami, a w ostatnich 80 latach - dodatnie trendy temperatury powietrza wynoszące nawet 0,9°C/10 lat.
Wpływ zmian klimatu na wrażliwe ekosystemy i społeczeństwo. Przedmowa
Authors: Błażejczyk Krzysztof
Published: February 2022

Przedstawiony zbiór tekstów nie wyczerpuje oczywiście całości zagadnienia wpływu klimatu na funkcjonowanie wrażliwych ekosystemów i na funkcjonowanie społeczeństw. Wierzymy jednak, że dobitnie mówią one o konieczności zintensyfikowania działań społeczności międzynarodowej w kierunku zahamowania, a przynajmniej spowolnienia zmian klimatu. W przeciwnym razie grozi nam zniszczenie bioróżnorodności ekosystemów oraz kosztowne społecznie i ekonomicznie wysiłki zapewnienia przyszłym pokoleniom możliwości życia i rozwoju.
Tumores de nariz y senos paranasales en pacientes pediátricos: experiencia de un hospital pediátrico de cuarto nivel en Bogotá, Colombia, 2013-2018
Authors: Olivera-Arenas María P. , Romero-Moreno Luis F. , Thomas Laura S. , Marrugo-Pardo Gilberto
Published: February 2022

El cáncer en la cavidad nasal y senos paranasales en niños es un problema serio en la población pediátrica principalmente por la inespecificidad de los síntomas que lleva a que pasen años o meses antes de la sospecha de una patología neoplásica, es por esto que se realiza este articulo con el objetivo de presentar la casuística de los tumores de nariz y senos paranasales recogida durante 5 años, en un hospital pediátrico de tercer nivel en la cuidad de Bogotá y se revisan la características imagenológicas para el diagnóstico de estos con algunos casos clínicos como ejemplo.
Doprinos Univerziteta "Džemal Bijedić" razvoju naučne misli u Bosni i Hercegovini = The Contribution of the University DžEmal Bijedić to the Development of Scientific Thoughts in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Mulaosmanović Edita
Published: February 2022

U radu se govori o značajnom doprinosu Univerziteta “Džemal Bijedić” razvoju naučne misli u Bosni i Hercegovini. Akcenat je stavljen na izdavačku djelatnost, kojom je Univerzitet ostavio trajan pečat na bosansko-hercegovačku naučnu scenu. Izdavanjem naučnoistraživačkih projekata, monografskih i serijskih publikacija, kao i doktorskim disertacijama i magistarskim radovima koji su odbranjeni na Univerzitetu, trajno se upisao među institucije čiji je naučni doprinos za Bosnu i Hercegovinu velik i značajan. = This paper describes a significant contribution of University “Džemal Bijedić” for developing scientific thought in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The emphasis is on publishing, which University put permanent mark at Bosnia and Herzegovina science scene. Publishing scientific-research projects, monography and serials, as PhD and MSc thesis who are passed at University, University enrolled among institutions with significant contribution to science.
Digitalizacija kulturne baštine na primjeru rimske vile na Ilidži = Cultural Heritage Digitalization (Roman Villa Case Study)
Authors: Šljivo Sanda
Published: February 2022

Bosna i Hercegovina je bogata kulturnom baštinom. U ovom radu predstavljena je jedna od metoda očuva-nja kulturne baštine – digitalizacija na primjeru rimske vile na Ilidži pored Sarajeva. Također je naveden sličan projekat gdje je urađena digitalna reprezentacija istog objekta, samo na malo drugačiji način. = Bosnia and Herzegovina is rich with cultural heritage. In this paper, one of the methods of preserving the cultural heritage is presented. That is the process of digitalization. The case study was Roman villa in Ilidža near Sarajevo. The similar project with a slightly different representation of same object is also presented.
Regular Graphs with Many Triangles are Structured
Authors: Van der Hoorn Pim , Lippner Gabor , Mossel Elchanan
Published: February 2022

We compute the leading asymptotics of the logarithm of the number of $d$-regular graphs having at least a fixed positive fraction $c$ of the maximum possible number of triangles, and provide a strong structural description of almost all such graphs.

When $d$ is constant, we show that such graphs typically consist of many disjoint $(d+1)$-cliques and an almost triangle-free part. When $d$ is allowed to grow with $n$, we show that such graphs typically consist of very dense sets of size $d+o(d)$ together with an almost triangle-free part.

This confirms a conjecture of Collet and Eckmann from 2002 and considerably strengthens their observation that the triangles cannot be totally scattered in typical instances of regular graphs with many triangles.
A New Matroid Lift Construction and an Application to Group-Labeled Graphs
Authors: Walsh Zach
Published: February 2022

A well-known result of Brylawski constructs an elementary lift of a matroid $M$ from a linear class of circuits of $M$. We generalize this result by constructing a rank-$k$ lift of $M$ from a rank-$k$ matroid on the set of circuits of $M$. We conjecture that every lift of $M$ arises via this construction.

We then apply this result to group-labeled graphs, generalizing a construction of Zaslavsky. Given a graph $G$ with edges labeled by a group, Zaslavsky's lift matroid $K$ is an elementary lift of the graphic matroid $M(G)$ that respects the group-labeling; specifically, the cycles of $G$ that are circuits of $K$ coincide with the cycles that are balanced with respect to the group-labeling. For $k \geqslant 2$, when does there exist a rank-$k$ lift of $M(G)$ that respects the group-labeling in this same sense? For abelian groups, we show that such a matroid exists if and only if the group is isomorphic to the additive group of a non-prime finite field.