bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation Method of Highway Plant Slope Based on Rough Set Theory and Analytic Hierarchy Process: A Case Study in Taihang Mountain, Hebei, China
Authors: Liu Luliang , Dou Yuanming , Qiao Jiangang
Published: April 2022

The material foundation of soil and water conservation is built on the integrity of the highway plant slope. The proportional relevance of the components that affect slope quality was evaluated based on an environmental assessment and the actual characteristics of the highway slope. A system of four major indexes and twelve secondary indexes comprising plant traits, geometric factors, hydrological conditions, and vegetation conditions was developed to assess the stability of roadway plant slopes. The rough set theory approach and the analytic hierarchy process were used to solve the weights of the slope evaluation indexes. Based on a rough set and an analytic hierarchy process, an evaluation model is proposed. The model eliminates the inconsistency and uncertainty in the evaluated factors that are used to calculate the slope. The study was conducted in China. The highway plant slope of the Taihang Mountain highway in the Hebei province was evaluated using the assessment model after dividing the highway plant slope stability into four grades. According to the evaluation results, the model can be used as a reference highway plant slope stability study and provide technical help to prevent and lower slope safety accidents. The evaluation model can predict the slope quality of highway plants, demonstrating the efficacy and reliability of the evaluation methodology and approach.
Crystallization Behavior of Isotactic Polybutene Blended with Polyethylene
Authors: Ping Jiajia , Ma Guiqiu , Ma Zhe
Published: April 2022

In this work, the melt crystallization behavior and the solid phase transition of isotactic polybutene (PB) were studied in the polybutene/high-density polyethylene (PB/PE) blends covering the whole composition range. For the dynamic cooling crystallization, PE exhibits almost the same crystallization temperature in all blends, whereas PB exhibits a distinct non-monotonic dependence on the composition ratio. Combining the ex situ X-ray diffraction and in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscope, it was demonstrated that during cooling at 10 °C/min, the presence of at least 70 wt% PE can induce the formation of form I′ directly from the amorphous melt. The detailed relations of polymorphism with temperature were systematically investigated for the PB/PE blends. Different from the formation of the sole tetragonal phase with ≤50 wt% PE, the trigonal form I′ could crystallize directly from amorphous melt with ≥60 wt% PE, which can be further enhanced by elevating the temperature of isothermal crystallization. Interestingly, the critical lowest temperature of obtaining pure form I′ was 85 °C with 70 wt% PE and decreased to 80 °C as the PE fraction was increased to 80 wt%. On the other hand, the spontaneous phase transition from the kinetically favored form II into the thermodynamically stable form I was also explored with X-ray diffraction methods. It was found that at the room temperature, phase transition kinetics can be significantly accelerated by blending at least 70 wt% PE.
Media Supplementation with Mannitol and Biotin Enhances Squalene Production of Thraustochytrium ATCC 26185 through Increased Glucose Uptake and Antioxidative Mechanisms
Authors: Ali M. Kashif , Sen Biswarup , He Yaodong , Bai Mohan , Wang Guangyi
Published: April 2022

Media supplementation with exogenous chemicals is known to stimulate the accumulation of important lipids produced by microalgae and thraustochytrids. However, the roles of exogenous chemicals in promoting and preserving the terpenoids pool of thraustochytrids have been rarely investigated. Here, we realized the effects of two media supplements—mannitol and biotin—on the biomass and squalene production by a thraustochytrid strain (Thraustochytrium sp. ATCC 26185) and elucidated their mechanism of action. A significant change in the biomass was not evident with the exogenous addition of these supplements. However, with mannitol (1 g/L) supplementation, the ATCC 26185 culture achieved the best concentration (642 ± 13.6 mg/L) and yield (72.9 ± 9.6 mg/g) of squalene, which were 1.5-fold that of the control culture (non-supplemented). Similarly, with biotin supplementation (0.15 mg/L), the culture showed 459 ± 2.9 g/L and 55.7 ± 3.2 mg/g of squalene concentration and yield, respectively. The glucose uptake rate at 24 h of fermentation increased markedly with mannitol (0.31 g/Lh−1) or biotin (0.26 g/Lh−1) supplemented culture compared with non-supplemented culture (0.09 g/Lh−1). In addition, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level of culture supplemented with mannitol remained alleviated during the entire period of fermentation while it alleviated after 24 h with biotin supplementation. The ∆ROS with mannitol was better compared with biotin supplementation. The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) of the supplemented culture was more than 50% during the late stage (72–96 h) of fermentation. Our study provides the potential of mannitol and biotin to enhance squalene yield and the first lines of experimental evidence for their protective role against oxidative stress during the culture of thraustochytrids.
Application of Approved Cisplatin Derivatives in Combination Therapy against Different Cancer Diseases
Authors: Tsvetkova Dobrina , Ivanova Stefka
Published: April 2022

The problems with anticancer therapy are resistance and toxicity. From 3000 Cisplatin derivatives tested as antitumor agents, most of them have been rejected, due to toxicity. The aim of current study is the comparison of therapeutic combinations of the currently applied in clinical practice: Cisplatin, Carboplatin, Oxaliplatin, Nedaplatin, Lobaplatin, Heptaplatin, and Satraplatin. The literature data show that the strategies for the development of platinum anticancer agents and bypassing of resistance to Cisplatin derivatives and their toxicity are: combination therapy, Pt IV prodrugs, the targeted nanocarriers. The very important strategy for the improvement of the antitumor effect against different cancers is synergistic combination of Cisplatin derivatives with: (1) anticancer agents—Fluorouracil, Gemcitabine, Cytarabine, Fludarabine, Pemetrexed, Ifosfamide, Irinotecan, Topotecan, Etoposide, Amrubicin, Doxorubicin, Epirubicin, Vinorelbine, Docetaxel, Paclitaxel, Nab-Paclitaxel; (2) modulators of resistant mechanisms; (3) signaling protein inhibitors—Erlotinib; Bortezomib; Everolimus; (4) and immunotherapeutic drugs—Atezolizumab, Avelumab, Bevacizumab, Cemiplimab, Cetuximab, Durvalumab, Erlotinib, Imatinib, Necitumumab, Nimotuzumab, Nivolumab, Onartuzumab, Panitumumab, Pembrolizumab, Rilotumumab, Trastuzumab, Tremelimumab, and Sintilimab. An important approach for overcoming the drug resistance and reduction of toxicity of Cisplatin derivatives is the application of nanocarriers (polymers and liposomes), which provide improved targeted delivery, increased intracellular penetration, selective accumulation in tumor tissue, and enhanced therapeutic efficacy. The advantages of combination therapy are maximum removal of tumor cells in different phases; prevention of resistance; inhibition of the adaptation of tumor cells and their mutations; and reduction of toxicity.
Molecular Modeling and Experimental Evaluation of Non-Chiral Components of Bergamot Essential Oil with Inhibitory Activity against Human Monoamine Oxidases
Authors: Catalano Raffaella , Procopio Francesca , Chavarria Daniel , Benfeito Sofia , Alcaro Stefano , Borges Fernanda , Ortuso Francesco
Published: April 2022

Human monoamine oxidases (hMAOs) are well-established targets for the treatment of neurological disorders such as depression, Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. Despite the efforts carried out over the years, few selective and reversible MAO inhibitors are on the market. Thus, a continuous search for new compounds is needed. Herein, MAO inhibitors were searched among the non-chiral constituents of Bergamot Essential Oil (BEO) with the aid of computational tools. Accordingly, molecular modeling simulations were carried out on both hMAO-A and hMAO-B for the selected constituents. The theoretically predicted target recognition was then used to select the most promising compounds. Among the screened compounds, Bergamottin, a furocoumarin, showed selective hMAO-B inhibitory activity, fitting its active site well. Molecular dynamics simulations were used to deeply analyze the target recognition and to rationalize the selectivity preference. In agreement with the computational results, experimental studies confirmed both the hMAO inhibition properties of Bergamottin and its preference for the isoform B.
Mesoporous Materials and Nanoscale Phenomena in Hybrid Photovoltaics
Authors: Alberti Alessandra
Published: April 2022

Hybrid photovoltaics (H-PV), initiated as dye-sensitized solar cells (DSC) by prof [...]
Change in Employment Status Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic, SNAP Participation, and Household Food Insecurity among Black and Latino Adults in Illinois
Authors: Singleton Chelsea R. , Fabusoro Olufemi , Teran-Garcia Margarita , Lara-Cinisomo Sandraluz
Published: April 2022

The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in record-high unemployment rates. Black and Latino adults experienced disproportionately higher rates of unemployment. We aimed to examine associations between pandemic-related employment status change and household food insecurity among an economically diverse sample of Black and Latino adults in Illinois during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, we evaluated the significance of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participation to determine if it modified associations. We analyzed cross-sectional data collected from 1,809 Black and Latino adults in two waves: May 2020 and June/July 2020. Participants listed their change in employment status as “lost job entirely”, “employed, but paid hours reduced”, “employed, but anticipate job lost”, or “no change”. Participants self-reported their SNAP status and completed the USDA’s six item U.S. Food Security Module to report household food security status. We used logistic regression to assess the significance of associations after controlling for socio-demographics. Approximately 15.5% of participants lost their job entirely, 25.2% were SNAP participants, and 51.8% reported low food security (LFS). All changes in employment were significantly associated with increased odds of LFS after adjusting for socio-demographics. SNAP participants who lost their job had higher odds of LFS (OR: 4.69; 95% CI: 2.69–8.17) compared to non-participants who lost their job (OR: 2.97; 95%: 1.95–4.52). In summary, we observed strong associations between changes in employment and household food insecurity, particularly among SNAP participants, which underscores the pandemic’s impact on low-income and minority populations.
Effect of Combined Protein-Enriched Enteral Nutrition and Early Cycle Ergometry in Mechanically Ventilated Critically Ill Patients—A Pilot Study
Authors: Kagan Ilya , Cohen Jonathan , Bendavid Itai , Kramer Sandy , Mesilati-Stahy Ronit , Glass Yehuda , Theilla Miriam , Singer Pierre
Published: April 2022

Background: Cycle ergometry (CE) is a method of exercise used in clinical practice. Limited data demonstrate its effectiveness in critically ill patients. We aimed to evaluate the combination of CE and a high-protein diet in critically ill patients. Methods: This was an open label pilot trial comparing conventional physiotherapy with enteral nutrition (EN) (control, Group 1), CE with EN (Group 2), and CE with protein-enriched EN (Group 3). The primary outcome was length of ventilation (LOV). Secondary outcomes were intensive care unit (ICU) mortality, length of ICU stay (ICU LOS), length of hospital stay (Hospital LOS), and rate of re-intubation. Results: Per protocol, 41 ICU patients were enrolled. Thirteen patients were randomized to Group 1 (control), fourteen patients to Group 2, and fourteen patients to Group 3 (study groups). We found no statistically significant difference in LOV between the study arms (14.2 ± 9.6 days, 15.8 ± 7.1 days, and 14.9 ± 9.4 days, respectively, p = 0.89). Secondary outcomes did not demonstrate any significant differences between arms. Conclusions: In this pilot trial, CE combined with either standard EN or protein-enriched EN was not associated with better clinical outcomes, as compared to conventional physiotherapy with standard EN. Larger trials are needed in order to further evaluate this combination.
Serotonin 1A Receptor Pharmacotherapy and Neuroplasticity in Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Bajjig Afaf , Cayetanot Florence , Taylor J. Andrew , Bodineau Laurence , Vivodtzev Isabelle
Published: April 2022

Spinal cord injury is associated with damage in descending and ascending pathways between brainstem/cortex and spinal neurons, leading to loss in sensory-motor functions. This leads not only to locomotor reduction but also to important respiratory impairments, both reducing cardiorespiratory engagement, and increasing cardiovascular risk and mortality. Moreover, individuals with high-level injuries suffer from sleep-disordered breathing in a greater proportion than the general population. Although no current treatments exist to restore motor function in spinal cord injury (SCI), serotoninergic (5-HT) 1A receptor agonists appear as pharmacologic neuromodulators that could be important players in inducing functional improvements by increasing the activation of spared motoneurons. Indeed, single therapies of serotoninergic 1A (5-HT1A) agonists allow for acute and temporary recovery of locomotor function. Moreover, the 5-HT1A agonist could be even more promising when combined with other pharmacotherapies, exercise training, and/or spinal stimulation, rather than administered alone. In this review, we discuss previous and emerging evidence showing the value of the 5HT1A receptor agonist therapies for motor and respiratory limitations in SCI. Moreover, we provide mechanistic hypotheses and clinical impact for the potential benefit of 5-HT1A agonist pharmacology in inducing neuroplasticity and improving locomotor and respiratory functions in SCI.
Structural Integrity of the Aircraft Interior Spare Parts Produced by Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Kobenko Stepans , Dejus Didzis , Jātnieks Jānis , Pazars Dāvis , Glaskova-Kuzmina Tatjana
Published: April 2022

In this paper, the results obtained for the structural integrity of two real-life aircraft interior parts produced by using Ultem 9085 and the fused deposition modeling (FDM) are presented. Numerical simulation was used to perform static mechanical analysis of the class divider subjected to the case of the most critical load. By using a simple beam model, it was identified that the most efficient way of increasing the bending stiffness (required to pass the most crucial load case test) would be to increase the part’s width of the class divider. Mechanical testing of the parts was performed in vertical and horizontal load directions to supplement the numerical results. For the class divider, it was testified that the 3D-printed part would not fail under the most critical load case. For the folding table printed as a honeycomb structure, when loaded at the tip, the critical load of 900 N was acceptable, and as it was shown, there was significant potential for further optimization of the structure to either increase the maximum load or reduce the weight for any given load.
Fabrication of Polypyrrole-Decorated Tungsten Tailing Particles for Reinforcing Flame Retardancy and Ageing Resistance of Intumescent Fire-Resistant Coatings
Authors: Wang Feiyue , Liu Hui , Yan Long
Published: April 2022

Polypyrrole-decorated tungsten tailing particles (PPY-TTF) were prepared via the in situ polymerization of pyrrole in the presence of tungsten tailing particles (TTF), and then carefully characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG) analyses. The effect of PPY-TTF on the flame retardancy, smoke suppression property and ageing resistance of intumescent fire-resistant coatings was investigated by a fire protection test, smoke density test and cone calorimeter test. The results show that PPY-TTF exerts excellent cooperative effect on enhancing the flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties of the intumescent fire-retardant coatings, which is ascribed to the formation of more cross-linking structures in the condense phase that enhance the compactness and thermal stability of intumescent char. The cooperative effect of PPY-TTF in the coatings depends on its content, and the coating containing 3 wt% PPY-TTF exhibits the best cooperative effect among the samples, showing a 10.7% reduction in mass loss and 35.4% reduction in flame-spread rating compared to that with 3% TTF. The accelerated ageing test shows that the presence of PPY-TTF greatly slows down the blistering and powdering phenomenon of the coatings, thus endowing the coating with the super durability of fire resistance and smoke suppression property. This work provides a new strategy for the resource utilization of tungsten tailing in the field of flame-retardant materials.
Carbon Nanofiber Double Active Layer and Co-Incorporation as New Anode Modification Strategies for Power-Enhanced Microbial Fuel Cells
Authors: Barakat Nasser A. M. , Amen Mohamed Taha , Ali Rasha H. , Nassar Mamdouh M. , Fadali Olfat A. , Ali Marwa A. , Kim Hak Yong
Published: April 2022

Co-doped carbon nanofiber mats can be prepared by the addition of cobalt acetate to the polyacrylonitrile/DMF electrospun solution. Wastewater obtained from food industries was utilized as the anolyte as well as microorganisms as the source in single-chamber batch mode microbial fuel cells. The results indicated that the single Co-free carbon nanofiber mat was not a good anode in the used microbial fuel cells. However, the generated power can be distinctly enhanced by using double active layers of pristine carbon nanofiber mats or a single layer Co-doped carbon nanofiber mat as anodes. Typically, after 24 h batching time, the estimated generated power densities were 10, 92, and 121 mW/m2 for single, double active layers, and Co-doped carbon nanofiber anodes, respectively. For comparison, the performance of the cell was investigated using carbon cloth and carbon paper as anodes, the observed power densities were smaller than the introduced modified anodes at 58 and 62 mW/m2, respectively. Moreover, the COD removal and Columbic efficiency were calculated for the proposed anodes as well as the used commercial ones. The results further confirm the priority of using double active layer or metal-doped carbon nanofiber anodes over the commercial ones. Numerically, the calculated COD removals were 29.16 and 38.95% for carbon paper and carbon cloth while 40.53 and 45.79% COD removals were obtained with double active layer and Co-doped carbon nanofiber anodes, respectively. With a similar trend, the calculated Columbic efficiencies were 26, 42, 52, and 71% for the same sequence.
Development of Nanocomposite Materials Based on Conductive Polymers for Using in Glucose Biosensor
Authors: Kuznetsova Lyubov S. , Arlyapov Vyacheslav A. , Kamanina Olga A. , Lantsova Elizaveta A. , Tarasov Sergey E. , Reshetilov Anatoly N.
Published: April 2022

Electropolymerized neutral red, thionine, and aniline were used as part of hybrid nanocomposite conductive polymers, to create an amperometric reagent-less biosensor for glucose determination. The structure of the obtained polymers was studied using infrared (IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Electrochemical characteristics were studied by cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy. It was shown that, from the point of view of both the rate of electron transfer to the electrode, and the rate of interaction with the active center of glucose oxidase (GOx), the most promising is a new nanocomposite based on poly(neutral red) (pNR) and thermally expanded graphite (TEG). The sensor based on the created nanocomposite material is characterized by a sensitivity of 1000 ± 200 nA × dm3/mmol; the lower limit of the determined glucose concentrations is 0.006 mmol/L. The glucose biosensor based on this nanocomposite was characterized by a high correlation (R2 = 0.9828) with the results of determining the glucose content in human blood using the standard method. Statistical analysis did not reveal any deviations of the results obtained using this biosensor and the reference method. Therefore, the developed biosensor can be used as an alternative to the standard analysis method and as a prototype for creating sensitive and accurate glucometers, as well as biosensors to assess other metabolites.
Emerging Developments on Nanocellulose as Liquid Crystals: A Biomimetic Approach
Authors: Thiruganasambanthan Theivasanthi , Ilyas Rushdan , Norrrahim Mohd , Kumar Thiagamani , Siengchin Suchart , Misenan Muhammad , Farid Mohammed , Nurazzi Norizan , Asyraf Muhammad , Zakaria Sharifah , Razman Muhammad
Published: April 2022

Biomimetics is the field of obtaining ideas from nature that can be applied in science, engineering, and medicine. The usefulness of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and their excellent characteristics in biomimetic applications are exciting and promising areas of present and future research. CNCs are bio-based nanostructured material that can be isolated from several natural biomasses. The CNCs are one-dimensional with a high aspect ratio. They possess high crystalline order and high chirality when they are allowed to assemble in concentrated dispersions. Recent studies have demonstrated that CNCs possess remarkable optical and chemical properties that can be used to fabricate liquid crystals. Research is present in the early stage to develop CNC-based solvent-free liquid crystals that behave like both crystalline solids and liquids and exhibit the phenomenon of birefringence in anisotropic media. All these characteristics are beneficial for several biomimetic applications. Moreover, the films of CNC show the property of iridescent colors, making it suitable for photonic applications in various devices, such as electro-optical devices and flat panel displays.
Design and Fabrication of Polymeric Hydrogel Carrier for Nerve Repair
Authors: Ma Xiaoyu , Wang Mengjie , Ran Yuanyuan , Wu Yusi , Wang Jin , Gao Fuhai , Liu Zongjian , Xi Jianing , Ye Lin , Feng Zengguo
Published: April 2022

Nerve regeneration and repair still remain a huge challenge for both central nervous and peripheral nervous system. Although some therapeutic substances, including neuroprotective agents, clinical drugs and stem cells, as well as various growth factors, are found to be effective to promote nerve repair, a carrier system that possesses a sustainable release behavior, in order to ensure high on-site concentration during the whole repair and regeneration process, and high bioavailability is still highly desirable. Hydrogel, as an ideal delivery system, has an excellent loading capacity and sustainable release behavior, as well as tunable physical and chemical properties to adapt to various biomedical scenarios; thus, it is thought to be a suitable carrier system for nerve repair. This paper reviews the structure and classification of hydrogels and summarizes the fabrication and processing methods that can prepare a suitable hydrogel carrier with specific physical and chemical properties. Furthermore, the modulation of the physical and chemical properties of hydrogels is also discussed in detail in order to obtain a better therapeutic effect to promote nerve repair. Finally, the future perspectives of hydrogel microsphere carriers for stroke rehabilitation are highlighted.
Synthesis of a Low-Cost Thiophene-Indoloquinoxaline Polymer Donor and Its Application to Polymer Solar Cells
Authors: Guo Yiping , Li Zeyang , Sha Mengzhen , Deng Ping , Lin Xinyu , Li Jun , Zhang Liang , Yin Hang , Zhan Hongbing
Published: April 2022

A simple wide-bandgap conjugated polymer based on indoloquinoxaline unit (PIQ) has been newly designed and synthesized via cheap and commercially available starting materials. The basic physicochemical properties of the PIQ have been investigated. PIQ possesses a broad and strong absorption band in the wavelength range of 400~660 nm with a bandgap of 1.80 eV and lower-lying highest occupied molecular orbital energy level of −5.58 eV. Polymer solar cells based on PIQ and popular acceptor Y6 blend display a preliminarily optimized power conversion efficiency of 6.4%. The results demonstrate indoloquinoxaline is a promising building unit for designing polymer donor materials for polymer solar cells.
Fabrication of a Flexible, Wireless Micro-Heater on Elastomer for Wearable Gas Sensor Applications
Authors: Cho Jonam , Shin Gunchul
Published: April 2022

Thin-film microdevices can be applied to various wearable devices due to their high flexibility compared to conventional bulk-type electronic devices. Among the various microdevice types, many IoT-based sensor devices have been developed recently. In the case of such sensor elements, it is important to control the surrounding environment to optimize the sensing characteristics. Among these environmental factors, temperature often has a great influence. There are cases where temperature significantly affects the sensor characteristics, as is the case for gas sensors. For this purpose, the development of thin-film-type micro-heaters is important. For this study, a wirelessly driven thin-film micro-heater was fabricated on the flexible and stretchable elastomer, a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS); the antenna was optimized; and the heater was driven at the temperature up to 102 degrees Celsius. The effect of its use on gas-sensing characteristics was compared through the application of the proposed micro-heater to a gas sensor. The heated SnO2 nanowire gas sensor improved the performance of detecting carbon monoxide (CO) by more than 20%, and the recovery time was reduced to less than half. It is expected that thin-film-type micro-heaters that can be operated wirelessly are suitable for application in various wearable devices, including those for smart sensors and health monitoring.
Multi-Bolted Connection for Pultruded Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer’s Structure: A Study on Strengthening by Multiaxial Glass Fiber Sheets
Authors: Tran Quang , Nhut Phan , Matsumoto Yukihiro
Published: April 2022

Pultruded Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymers (PGFRPs) are becoming a new mainstream in civil construction because of their advantageous properties. One of two main elements, glass fibers, have been constructed by unidirectional glass roving in applicate progress. PGFRPs do not have high shear strength, which is determined by another element is the matrix. In the future, the demand for enhanced serviceability of existing PGFRP structures could be seen as unavoidable. Therefore, multi-bolted connection being the most typical type of connecting member, strengthening the connection performance of PGFRPs through connection is necessary. Previous researchers have studied several methods for improving connection capacity, including pasting glass fiber sheets (GFS). However, experimental research is lacking for multi-bolted connection. This study investigated several strategies of specimens, including the quantity of bolts (two bolts, four bolts, and five bolts); the end distance/diameter ratio (e = 2d; e = 3d) under tensile load; and three types of glass fiber sheets (GFS) (0°/90°, ±45° and chopped strand mat (CSM)). The experiment’s results showed the strengthening effects and the failure mode on the specimens. These findings could address the gap in knowledge that needs to be resolved with respect to PGFRPs’ composite design, through evaluation and discussion of their behavior.
Application of a Deep Learning Network for Joint Prediction of Associated Fluid Production in Unconventional Hydrocarbon Development
Authors: Vikara Derek , Khanna Vikas
Published: April 2022

Machine learning (ML) approaches have risen in popularity for use in many oil and gas (O&G) applications. Time series-based predictive forecasting of hydrocarbon production using deep learning ML strategies that can generalize temporal or sequence-based information within data is fast gaining traction. The recent emphasis on hydrocarbon production provides opportunities to explore the use of deep learning ML to other facets of O&G development where dynamic, temporal dependencies exist and that also hold implications to production forecasting. This study proposes a combination of supervised and unsupervised ML approaches as part of a framework for the joint prediction of produced water and natural gas volumes associated with oil production from unconventional reservoirs in a time series fashion. The study focuses on the pay zones within the Spraberry and Wolfcamp Formations of the Midland Basin in the U.S. The joint prediction model is based on a deep neural network architecture leveraging long short-term memory (LSTM) layers. Our model has the capability to both reproduce and forecast produced water and natural gas volumes for wells at monthly resolution and has demonstrated 91 percent joint prediction accuracy to held out testing data with little disparity noted in prediction performance between the training and test datasets. Additionally, model predictions replicate water and gas production profiles to wells in the test dataset, even for circumstances that include irregularities in production trends. We apply the model in tandem with an Arps decline model to generate cumulative first and five-year estimates for oil, gas, and water production outlooks at the well and basin-levels. Production outlook totals are influenced by well completion, decline curve, and spatial and reservoir attributes. These types of model-derived outlooks can aid operators in formulating management or remedial solutions for the volumes of fluids expected from unconventional O&G development.
Examination of PTSD and Depression Levels and Demographic Data of Syrian Refugee Children during the Pandemic
Authors: Erol Elif , Seçinti Dilara Demirpençe
Published: April 2022

Background: The worldwide population of child refugees is estimated to be over 10 million. Refugee children and adolescents are among the most vulnerable groups in the world, and the pandemic created new challenges for them. Objective: This study aimed to examine the PTSD and depression levels of Syrian refugee children and adolescents, the difficulties they experienced in access to food and education, and the changes in their family income, and evaluate the effects of these factors on symptom severities of depression and PTSD. Methods: We used data obtained from 631 Syrian refugee children between the ages of 7 and 15. Assessment measures for exposure to PTSD and depression included a socio-demographic form, stressors related to COVID-19, the Child and Adolescent Trauma Survey (CATS), and the patient-rated Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI). ANCOVA is conducted to evaluate the differences between the symptoms of PTSD and depression. The regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between the scales and the demographic data. Results: The study finds that 40.7% of the refugee children experienced at least one trauma, 24.9% met the criteria for PTSD, and 15.5% met the criteria for depression. The changes in income and food access are associated with PTSD and depression, while access to education is not associated with PTSD and depression. The adolescents aged between 12 and 15 show more depression and PTSD symptoms then the children aged between 7 and 11. Conclusions: The study revealed that the most risky group in refugee children and adolescents in terms of PTSD and depression were the adolescents aged between 12 and 15 and the children and adolescent whose family income was decreased and had limited access to food.
Estimating Hourly Surface Solar Irradiance from GK2A/AMI Data Using Machine Learning Approach around Korea
Authors: Jang Jae-Cheol , Sohn Eun-Ha , Park Ki-Hong
Published: April 2022

Surface solar irradiance (SSI) is a crucial component in climatological and agricultural applications. Because the use of renewable energy is crucial, the importance of SSI has increased. In situ measurements are often used to investigate SSI; however, their availability is limited in spatial coverage. To precisely estimate the distribution of SSI with fine spatiotemporal resolutions, we used the GEOstationary Korea Multi-Purpose SATellite 2A (GEO-KOMPSAT 2A, GK2A) equipped with the Advanced Meteorological Imager (AMI). To obtain an optimal model for estimating hourly SSI around Korea using GK2A/AMI, the convolutional neural network (CNN) model as a machine learning (ML) technique was applied. Through statistical verification, CNN showed a high accuracy, with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.180 MJ m−2, a bias of −0.007 MJ m−2, and a Pearson’s R of 0.982. The SSI obtained through a ML approach showed an accuracy higher than the GK2A/AMI operational SSI product. The CNN SSI was evaluated by comparing it with the in situ SSI from the Ieodo Ocean Research Station and from flux towers over land; these in situ SSI values were not used for training the model. We investigated the error characteristics of the CNN SSI regarding environmental conditions including local time, solar zenith angle, in situ visibility, and in situ cloud amount. Furthermore, monthly and annual mean daily SSI were calculated for the period from 1 January 2020 to 31 January 2022, and regional characteristics of SSI around Korea were analyzed. This study addressed the availability of satellite-derived SSI to resolve the limitations of in situ measurements. This could play a principal role in climatological and renewable energy applications.
Про деякі проблеми здійснення запобіжної діяльності підрозділами національної поліції України
Authors: Колб О. , Годлевська-Коновалова А.
Published: April 2022

У статті здійснені аналіз та оцінка діяльності підрозділів патрульної поліції України з питань запобігання адміністративним та іншим правопорушенням на дорогах нашої держави, зокрема, й шляхом використання на них можливостей так званих автомобілів-фантомів, а також визначені існуючі у зв’язку з цим проблеми та розроблені науково обґрунтовані шляхи їх вирішення.
Підстави юридичної відповідальності за образу представника влади потребують удосконалення
Authors: Боровик А.
Published: April 2022

У статті на основі аналізу судової практики, наукової літератури, вивчення зарубіжного досвіду досліджено актуальні проблеми юридичної відповідальності за образу представника влади. За результатами дослідження встановлено, що у судовій практиці правова оцінка образи представників влади (йдеться насамперед про працівників правоохоронних органів) як правило здійснюється в комплексі з іншими протиправними діяннями – погрозами, фізичним насильством, хуліганськими діями, опором представникам влади тощо. Вивчення практики застосування адміністративно-правових та кримінально-правових норм для притягнення до адміністративної чи кримінальної відповідальності за діяння, які супроводжуються образами правоохоронців, дозволило виявити певні особливості та проблеми у цій сфері правового регулювання суспільних відносин. Незадовільний стан правової охорони працівників правоохоронних органів від посягань на їх честь, гідність та авторитет спонукає до пошуку можливих шляхів розв’язання проблеми, серед яких варто виокремити удосконалення адміністративного та кримінального законодавства.
Сучасні концепції потерпілого від кримінального правопорушення в теорії кримінального права
Authors: Ткаченко І.
Published: April 2022

У статті проаналізовано сучасні концепції потерпілого від кримінального правопорушення в теорії кримінального права: «потерпілий – фізична особа», «потерпілий – фізична та юридична особа», «потерпілий – будь-який соціальний суб’єкт». Визначено їх переваги та недоліки. Встановлено, що кардинальний вплив на поняття потерпілого в кримінальному праві відіграли положення КПК України 1960 та 2012 рр. Аргументовано, що нині у теорії кримінального права сформувалися передумови для закріплення в КК України визначення потерпілої особи, яке буде включати не лише фізичну, але й юридичну особу. Така концепція узгоджується з положенням кримінального, кримінального процесуального та цивільного законодавства, знайшла підтримку серед вчених, а також покладена в основу удосконалення відповідних положень закону про кримінальну відповідальність в проєкті нового КК України. Фізичні та юридичні особи є первинними ланками інших соціальних суб’єктів, зокрема держави та суспільства.
Нормативна база пенітенціарної системи Великобританії
Authors: Шуліка В.
Published: April 2022

У статті розглянуто основні нормативно-правові акти, що регламентують діяльність пенітенціарної системи Великобританії, визначено перелік основних (спеціальних) законів та додаткових (суміжних) законів. Проаналізовано наукові дослідження щодо нормативної бази, з’ясовано принципові відмінності у функціонуванні пенітенціарної системи Великобританії та України на основі комплексного аналізу нормативно-правових актів, синтезовано перелік характерних рис, що притаманні джерелам пенітенціарної системи Великобританії.
Європейська інтеграція та виборча система України
Authors: Пирога І. , Кадебська Е.
Published: April 2022

У статті проаналізовано прийнятий Верховною Радою України Виборчий кодекс в частині виборів народних депутатів. Історія з його ухваленням нагадує справжній заплутаний детектив. Не секрет, що саме виборчі правила гри завжди розглядалися українськими політиками як спосіб знайти найбільш вдалі конфігурації для посилення власного впливу – особливо для тих політсил, які перебувають при владі.  Запропоновано внести наступні зміни: повністю відкрити регіональні списки, змінити систему підрахунку голосів, ввести поняття імперативного мандату.
Relatório parcial 1 do Projeto de pesquisa: Enfrentamento da pandemia de COVID-19: produções, invenções e desafios na gestão do cuidado em rede
Authors: Chioro dos Reis Arthur Ademar , Bigal André Luiz
Published: April 2022

Relatório parcial 1 do Projeto de pesquisa: Enfrentamento da pandemia de COVID-19: produções, invenções e desafios na gestão do cuidado em rede. Processo FAPESP: 2020/12096-6 Modalidade: Auxílio a Projeto de Pesquisa. Acordos de cooperação PPSUS-2020.
Nf-Kappa B Sinyal Yolu ve Kanserde Potansiyel Terapotik Yaklaşımlar
Authors: BİLİCİ Esra , UĞUZ Cevdet
Published: April 2022

Hücrenin hayatta kalmasıyla ilgili hücre içi yollar, gelişim ve nörodejeneratif bozukluklar sırasında nöronal fizyolojiyi düzenler. Bu süreçlerde önemli bir rolle ortaya çıkan yollardan biri Nüklear Faktör-κB (NF-κB) sinyal yolağıdır. Bu yolağın aktivitesi, NF-κB transkripsiyon faktörlerinin nüklear translokasyonuna ve anti-apoptotik gen ekspresyonunun düzenlenmesine yol açar. Farklı uyaranlar, farklı hücre içi kademeler (kanonik, kanonik olmayan ve atipik) yoluyla bu yolağı aktive ederek NF-κB transkripsiyon faktörlerinin belirli dimerlerinin translokasyonuna katkıda bulunabilir ve bu dimerlerden her biri farklı genlerin transkripsiyonunu düzenleyebilir. Son çalışmalar, bu yolun aktivasyonunun, hücrenin hayatta kalması veya nöronal dejenerasyon gibi zıt yanıtları düzenlediğini göstermiştir. Bu bariz çelişkili etkiler, yolak uyarısı, hücrelerin kaynağı veya hücresel bağlam gibi koşullara bağlıdır.
Rancangan Modul Pembelajaran Teamwork YPAC Jakarta
Authors: Lawrencya Cindy , Saragih Eva Hotnaidah
Published: April 2022

YPAC Jakarta as an integrated service center for Persons with Disabilities, especially Cerebral Palsy / CP, has a vision, mission, strategic goals to be achieved to maximize and explore the potential of people with disabilities, especially Cerebral Palsy / CP in an effort to achieve independence. Broadly speaking, YPAC Jakarta's current human resource development practices include membership, performance evaluation, training and development. With the current pandemic situation, every community is required to do work from home and every activity is restricted to limit the spread of the COVID-19 virus. Thus, with this policy, new challenges emerge, namely utilizing technology to meet the needs of online learning methods. It is hoped that the fulfillment of needs in the form of an online learning module design about teamwork for YPAC Jakarta will be able to change the perspective regarding teamwork.
Rancangan Strategi Penanganan Risiko Pada Proyek PLTM (Pembangkit Listrik Mini Hidro) di Indonesia
Authors: Sapphiro Hanif Ramdhani Rachmadi , Nugraha Made Arya , Widjanarka Alain , Kurniawan Jeffrey
Published: April 2022

This research discusses the design of risk management strategies in MHP projects in Indonesia. MHP is a type of power plant that uses hydropower to turn turbines for generate an electricity. The MHP project involves a large investment with a long construction period.  The length of the construction time, creates an uncertainty factor that impacts on three aspects of the project objectives. The objective aspects of the project are cost, quality, and time. Several MHP projects in Indonesia have underperformed, such as delays in completion time and cost overruns. The risk management process, which consists of risk identification, risk assessment, risk management formulation and risk control, forms the basis of research work. In this study, 23 risks were identified in the MHP project. Fifteen of them have high impact on two aspects and three have high impact on three aspects of project objectives. The results of this study can be used as a guide for risk management in MHP projects in Indonesia. The results of this study can be used as a guide for risk management in MHP projects in Indonesia. It is hoped that the design of this strategy will also help the project to achieve its goals. Furthermore, the results of this research can be used as learning materials in planning the development of MHP in the future.
Keterikatan Karyawan pada Perusahaan PT XYZ
Authors: Paramarta Dionisius Sunu Adinugraha , Saragih Eva Hotnaidah
Published: April 2022

The role of human resources in the company is very important because it is the main driver for achieving company goals. The ability and willingness possessed by employees is the biggest contribution to a company. The company is expected to be able to manage the workforce in the company appropriately, so that they have an attachment to the company and make an optimal contribution to achieving the company's goals and excellence. This research was conducted to determine the level of employee engagement at XYZ company with descriptive quantitative research methods through online surveys using the UWES (Utrecht Work Engagement Scale) questionnaire version 17 questions. From the results of processing 35 data collected, it was found that the overall level of employee engagement at PT XYZ had a score of 4.14 out of 6.00 (in the Average category). Recommendations are focused on improving the engagement aspect which has low scores in almost all demographic categories, namely the vigor dimension for statement No. 3 "When I wake up in the morning, I feel like going to work (VI03)". The contents of the recommendation are to provide breakfast facilities, pick-up employees, or reward role models who are enthusiastic when leaving for work in the morning by assessing the punctuality of their arrival. In addition, to retain employees who have entered the high category, it is recommended to provide entertainment facilities during break hours, for example sofas, massage chairs, and others.
Pengembangan Bisnis Toko Wingko “Kelapa Muda”
Authors: Kurniawan Ricky Wijaya , Munir Ningky Sasanti
Published: April 2022

Development of a business model that provides analysis of weaknesses and takes advantage of opportunities, as well as in-depth information that is evaluated and used for competition in modern markets and the impact of Covid-19. Through the Business Model Canvas (BMC) which maps strategies based on an analysis of strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities. The results of the analysis will be redeveloped through the Blue Ocean Strategy (BOS) with the ERRC Grid approach from eliminating, increasing, reducing, and creating. Guided by the "create" element to provide the development of business value from factors that have never existed before and will be formed into the "Kelapa Muda" Wingko Shop Business Model Canvas. Based on the recommended steps for active social media marketing and in-site sales, distributors, retailers, and online e-commerce, it is targeted to provide revenue value to grow by 3 (three) times the value of gross income in 2019.
Comparative Analysis of the Results of Testing Clinical Samples for Genital Mycoplasma Using the Test Systems "Mycoplasma IST2" and "Mycoplasma IES"
Authors: Хилькевич Н.Д. , Сухобокова Н.Н.
Published: April 2022

В последние годы в диагностике генитальных микоплазменных инфекций Mycoplasma hominis и Ureaplasma urealyticum большую популярность приобрели тест-системы, основанные на культивировании указанных микроорганизмов на специальных полистироловых панелях. В данном исследовании проанализированы результаты культивирования возбудителей с использованием тест-систем «Mycoplasma-IST2» (2689 анализов) и «Mycoplasma-IЕS» (427 анализов). Объектом исследования были амбулаторные пациенты мужского и женского пола, обратившиеся для обследования на ИППП. Результаты исследования выявили дискордантность показателей, полученных при диагностике генитальных микоплазмозов двумя тест-системами. Статистически значимые расхождения получены по частоте обнаружения в общей популяции возбудителя M. hominis: 4,4% по тест-системе «Mycoplasma-IST2» и 7,7% по «Mycoplasma-IЕS» (p<0,01). В противоположность этому показатели по возбудителю U. urealyticum оказались сходными – 33,2% и 32,6% соответственно (р>0,05). Выявлены существенные различия в результатах определения тест-системами резистентных штаммов возбудителей к таким антибиотикам, как тетрациклин, эритромицин, кларитромицин и офлоксацин (p<0,01). С учетом всего перечисленного можно делать вывод об отсутствии эквивалентности в полученных лабораторных показателях двух тест-систем.

In recent years, test systems based on the cultivation of genital Mycoplasma infections Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum on special polystyrene panels have become very popular in the diagnosis of these microorganisms. In this study, the results of culturing pathogens using the test systems "Mycoplasma-IST2" (2689 analyses) and "Mycoplasma-IES" (427 analyses) were analyzed. The object of the study was male and female outpatient patients who applied for STItesting. The results of the study revealed discordance of indicators obtained in the diagnosis of genital mycoplasmosis by two test systems. Statistically significant differences were obtained in the frequency of detection in the general population of the M. hominis pathogen: 4.4% for the test system "Mycoplasma-IST2" and 7.7% for "Mycoplasma-IES" (p<0.01). In contrast, the indicators for the pathogen U. urealyticum were similar – 33.2% and 32.6%, respectively (p>0.05). The results of determining test systems of resistant strains of pathogens to such antibiotics as tetracycline, erythromycin, clarithromycin and ofloxacin differ significantly (p<0.01). Taking into account all the above mentioned, we can conclude that there is no equivalence in the obtained laboratory parameters of the two test systems.