bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uma proposta de ensino da modalização epistêmica
Authors: Marques Raimunda Iraneide Teixeira
Published: August 2022

Com o objetivo de contribuir para o desenvolvimento de habilidades de interpretação e produção de textos, propõem-se, neste artigo, modelos de atividades para o tratamento da modalização epistêmica em textos argumentativos. Essa proposta de ensino foi desenvolvida no Mestrado Profissional em Letras (PROFLETRAS/UFC), visando levar o aluno a refletir sobre esse fenômeno linguístico e a realizar as escolhas linguísticas que melhor se ajustem aos seus propósitos comunicativos. O estudo tem cunho teórico-propositivo, fundamenta-se no Funcionalismo linguístico e se sustenta em referencial teórico constante em Neves (2018), Hengeveld (2004), Hengeveld e Mackenzie (2008), Nogueira (2014), entre outros. As atividades tomam por base: i) o tipo de atividade: linguística, epilinguística e metalinguística (FRANCHI, 2006); ii) o tipo de ensino: prescritivo, descritivo e produtivo (HALLIDAY, McINTOSH e STREVENS, 1974); e iii) os eixos do ensino de gramática – gramática e variação; gramática e produção/ interpretação de sentidos e gramática e reflexão (VIEIRA, 2018).
O estatuto ontológico da escrita e da oralidade em duas contribuições funcionalistas: Josef Vachek e Michael Halliday
Authors: Mendes Maria Mafalda Sanches de Azevedo , Martins Mário Gleisse das Chagas
Published: August 2022

Linguistas da Escola de Praga, com destaque para Josef Vachek, chamam a atenção para a necessidade de estudar a língua escrita como uma estrutura linguística sui generis. O carácter excecional, pioneiro e sistemático do pensamento de Vachek sobre a escrita e a sagacidade das suas observações acerca da justificação funcional do que designou como norma escrita justificam trazê-lo para uma discussão sobre o estatuto ontológico da escrita e da oralidade, por relação com a visão do funcionalismo de Halliday, para quem os usos da língua escrita e os da língua oral são concebidos como variantes funcionais da língua. Se, em Vachek, a especificidade da norma escrita é essencialmente reivindicada ao nível do plano da expressão grafológica, em Halliday a especificidade dos registos da escrita e da oralidade manifesta-se nos vários estratos do sistema da língua, num movimento sistémico de reação funcional à variação ao nível do contexto. Pretende-se, neste artigo, tanto recuperar o contributo pioneiro de Vachek sobre o estatuto ontológico da escrita e da oralidade, como procurar esclarecer as relações de continuidade e de rutura que se podem estabelecer entre as visões funcionalistas de Vachek e de Halliday neste domínio teórico.
O caráter particular da GDF como teoria de uma ferramenta complexa da comunicação linguística
Authors: Mackenzie J. Lachlan
Published: August 2022

Este artigo objetiva apresentar minha perspectiva acerca da teoria da Gramática Discursivo-Funcional (GDF), uma teoria estrutural-funcional, situada a meio caminho entre as teorias radicalmente formais e as radicalmente funcionais. Argumento, neste artigo, em favor da ideia de que GDF é ferramenta cognitiva por meio da qual o falante pode, estrategicamente, estimular o ouvinte a ativar sua imaginação e a inferir o que o falante quer veicular.
OPERATING TESTS OF THE DEVICE FOR ELECTROSTATIC ENGINE OIL TREATMENT
Authors: Voronin Serhii , Stefanov Volodymyr , Kharkivskyi Oleksandr
Published: August 2022

The article presents the materials of operational tests of the improved device forelectrostatic treatment of semi-synthetic motor oil EXTRA DI 10W-40 during their operation in thelubrication system of the diesel engine D-240 wheeled tractor MTZ-82. Since the testing of the deviceconsisted of two stages, the main part of the article consists of two interrelated parts, which show themain results for each stage. The first part presents the design features and technical characteristicsof the advanced device, as well as the place of its installation in the engine lubrication system andconnection to the onboard network of the machine. Particular attention in describing the design ofthe device is paid to its differences from previous counterparts, namely the presence of stepwiseregulation of the output voltage level and the presence of protection of the oil from electricbreakdown. The second part of the article presents the test results of the device according to thecriteria of the influence of electrostatic treatment on the characteristics of the diesel engine and someperformance properties of engine oil. When disclosing the effect of electrostatic oil treatment onengine characteristics, the article presents data on changes in oil pressure in the main line of thelubrication system and changes in compression in the engine cylinders as the engine speed increases.When disclosing the effect of electrostatic treatment on the performance properties of engine oil, dataon changes in the tribological characteristics of the oil, namely the diameter of the wear spot, withits different operating time in the engine lubrication system. The diameter of the wear spot wasinstalled on a four-ball friction machine according to the method described in GOST 9490-75.According to this method, the values of the diameter of the wear spot for the engine oil during itsoperation in the engine lubrication system without the use of electrostatic treatment, as well as withthe use of such treatment in the built-in device. The final part of the article presents an analysis of the results, conclusions and practical recommendations for the application of the proposed improveddevice in the lubrication systems of diesel engines of self-propelled vehicles.
Partage, rencontre, regard, sens, ou l’animal dans le cycle "Les Petits Dieux" de Sandrine Willems
Authors: Zbierska-Mościcka Judyta
Published: August 2022

Le thème de l’animal dans la littérature contemporaine répond au besoin de faire face à une crise de l’humain, amenée par une globalisation sauvage et une marchandisation de la vie qu’accompagnent une mise à mal de plus en plus menaçante de la planète que l’homme détruit dans sa poursuite du gain et dans son triomphalisme revendiqué. La littérature réagit à cette action destructrice de l’anthropocène et travaille à restituer à la nature et à l’animal la présence qu’ils ont toujours eue à côté de l’homme, mais que l’homme a irrespectueusement sous-estimée. L’article étudie le cycle Les Petits Dieux de Sandrine Willems et se focalise notamment sur la représentation du rapport entre le monde humain et le monde animal. Il s’agit de voir comment l’écriture de Willems thématise l’idée de l’espace partagé, de la rencontre, du regard et du sens qui découle du croisement des destins humains et animaux. La réflexion de Jean-Christophe Bailly nourrit les analyses présentées dans l’article.
Relations familiales brouillées dans quelques pièces africaines
Authors: Jakubczuk Renata
Published: August 2022

Le présent article propose une étude de la crise des relations familiales à partir d’une sélection de six pièces de dramaturges africains contemporains peu étudiés jusqu’ici. Après avoir présenté les problèmes rencontrés par ces jeunes dramaturges africains face à l’utilisation de la langue et aux difficulté de publier leurs textes, l’étude aborde différents types de crise que peut vivre aujourd’hui une famille africaine : crise d’adolescence dans Bintou de Koffi Kwahulé (Côte d’Ivoire), « crise » financière dans La Dernière enveloppe de Pierre Mumbere Mujomba (République démocratique du Congo), crise familiale liée à l’inceste dans Einsteinnette de David-Minor Ilunga (RDC), crise sociale dans Tour de contrôle de Célestin Kasongo (RDC), crise de couple dans À bout de sueurs de Hakim Bah (Guinée), crise migratoire dans Passe pas, l’homme ! de Faustin Keoua-Leturmy.
Crise de l’amour, crise de l’écriture ? Jean de Tinan à la recherche d’un traitement par les mots
Authors: Opiela-Mrozik Anna
Published: August 2022

L’article présente les traits principaux de la personnalité de Jean de Tinan et de son écriture qui est l’inscription des crises sentimentales vécues par ce romancier fin-de-siècle mort prématurément. Sa recherche désespérée de l’amour conjuguée à « l’impuissance d’aimer » se reflète dans les imperfections et l’hybridité de sa création littéraire. Les textes autofictifs de Tinan, (Un document sur l’impuissance d’aimer et, plus particulièrement, Penses-tu réussir !) témoignent d’une crise du roman : composés de notes, bouts de préfaces et fragments divers, ils sont rédigés dans un style primesautier, souvent métadiscursif et discontinu à l’extrême. Cependant, derrière une négligence de la forme et du style se cache l’émotion sincère d’un mal-aimé. L’écriture de Tinan assure un refuge, voire une thérapeutique que s’est inventée un homme malade. Tout en étalant sa souffrance, celle-ci lui apporte du soulagement. L’article se propose de réfléchir sur la fonction compensatrice de l’écriture de Tinan.
Crier la crise, nier la crise : solitude et solidarité dans l’expérience poétique de Michel Houellebecq et de Colette Nys-Mazure
Authors: Jasionowicz Stanisław
Published: August 2022

L’article a pour but de confronter deux variantes de « l’imaginaire de la crise » se manifestant dans les pratiques poétiques de deux écrivains francophones contemporains, Michel Houellebecq et Colette Nys-Mazure. L’examen de quelques traits caractéristiques de leurs univers imaginaires, représentés entre autres par les figures du Père et de la Mère, permet de réfléchir sur les motivations profondes de leurs attitudes artistiques et existentielles. Il s’avérera que les stratégies poétiques qu’ils adoptent face aux problèmes existentiels fondamentaux restent en correspondance plus ou moins directe avec les vertus chrétiennes (la foi, l’espérance et l’amour), même si le point de départ pour Houellebecq (athée ou agnostique) est la « part sombre » de l’existence alors que Nys-Mazure (chrétienne, catholique) choisit sa « part claire », tous deux préfèrent construire que démolir. L’intuition d’une transcendance qui émane de leur soif d’harmonie poursuivie dans le monde chaotique contemporain permet de constater que la poésie, contredisant la crise du sujet et celle de la société, détient les moyens qui permettent de s’opposer – non sans succès – à la fameuse « crise de vers ».
La crise des intellectuels et ses avatars dans Les Mandarins de Simone de Beauvoir
Authors: Ledwina Anna
Published: August 2022

À travers Les Mandarins, Simone de Beauvoir met en scène la crise qui touche les milieux intellectuels français derrière des personnages d’écrivains aux prises avec les dilemmes idéologiques et politiques de l’après-guerre. Ces personnages, réfléchissant à l’utilité de leurs œuvres, se posent la question fondamentale : « pourquoi / pour quoi écrire et agir ». Dans l’optique beauvoirienne, il y a deux positions : d’une part l’engagement, la nécessité de prendre conscience de la situation, d’agir ; d’autre part l’idée de l’autonomie de la littérature. De cette ambivalence résulteraient la défaite des attentes et des espoirs communs, le conformisme, la polarisation des valeurs ainsi que les échecs sentimentaux. L’histoire des « illusions brisées » de ce milieu permet à l’auteure de rendre compte de l’importance de la morale, de la responsabilité et de la présence d’autrui ainsi que de rejeter le conformisme et la crise des valeurs. La crise des Mandarins s’exprime par leur capacité à révéler le plus intime en l’accordant aux malaises d’une époque pour les transformer en urgences politiques et éthiques.
Areszt rzeczy jako zabezpieczenie wierzytelności w miastach Polski średniowiecznej
Authors: Rymaszewski Zygfryd
Published: August 2022

Kim byli aresztujący. Adresaci oświadczeń o areszcie. Przedmiot aresztu i jego cel. Okoliczności następowania i tytuł prawny aresztu. Kwoty wierzytelności zabezpieczone aresztem. Postępowanie aresztowe nieprocesowe. Przeglądając księgi sądów miejskich w poszukiwaniu informacji o woźnych sądowych, nie uzyskaliśmy spodziewanych rezultatów. Rzucały się natomiast w oczy liczne wzmianki o areszcie, głównie kładzionym przez wierzycieli na majątku dłużników. Postanowiliśmy się temu zjawisku bliżej przyjrzeć, zwłaszcza że niewiele informacji o nim można znaleźć w literaturze. Tematyczny areszt, już choćby dlatego, że był zabezpieczeniem interesów wierzyciela, miał wiele wspólnego z zastawem, zwłaszcza z powszechnie w miastach stosowanym zastawem ruchomości. I tu również poza zasygnalizowanie problemu wyjść nie można. Brakuje nam zatem odpowiednika dla stosunków miejskich – zastawu w prawie ziemskim. Uzyskany przez nas obraz aresztu – zabezpieczenia w prawie miast polskiego średniowiecza pozostawia wrażenie niedosytu. Zbyt często, wobec milczenia źródeł, badacz skazany jest na hipotezy czy znaki zapytania. Mimo wszystko sądzimy, że warto czytelnikowi przedstawić ciekawą instytucję prawną, w której jak w zwierciadle odbija się, choć w zamglonym tle, żywo pulsujące życie mieszkańców polskich miast epoki średniowiecznej.
70 lat Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego w przestrzeni miejskiej Łodzi (1945–2015)
Authors: Kołodziej Karolina , Kronenberg Maciej
Published: August 2022

Przedstawiono dzieje Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego widziane przez pryzmat budynków, które przez 70 lat znajdowały się w jego posiadaniu. Uwzględniono rolę Uniwersytetu i użytkowanych przez niego budynków w przestrzeni miasta w ostatnim siedemdziesięcioleciu. W pierwszej opracowania można znaleźć zarys dziejów Uniwersytetu, uwzględniający jego rolę w tworzeniu przestrzeni miasta w ciągu ostatniego siedemdziesięciolecia, natomiast w drugiej – zestawienie kilkudziesięciu budynków, które Uniwersytet przez krótszy lub dłuższy czas w tym okresie użytkował. Nie są to wszystkie budynki, należące do uczelni – taki rejestr musiałby obejmować około stu obiektów. Jest to jednak grupa przekrojowa, pokazująca, w jak zróżnicowanych (i na ogół zupełnie nieprzystosowanych do funkcji akademickich) budynkach przyszło Uniwersytetowi funkcjonować. Celowo, pisząc o tych obiektach, autorzy nie ograniczyli się tylko do przedstawienia ich związków z uczelnią, której początki działalności są związane z budynkiem szkoły włókienniczej przy ul. Żeromskiego 115 – tam odbywały się pierwsze wykłady, a ponieważ budynek nie należał formalnie do UŁ, korzystano z zaproszenia władz szkoły. Historia każdego z budynków została opisana znacznie szerzej. Dzięki temu Czytelnik może dostrzec, jak Uniwersytet Łódzki wpisywał się w historię Łodzi, a także – jak dynamicznie zmieniała się ona sama w ciągu ostatnich dwóch stuleci.
COVID-19 Health Evidence Summary No.111
Authors: Millington Kerry , Reddin Samantha
Published: August 2022

This weekly COVID-19 health evidence summary (HES) is based on 3.5 hours of desk-based research. The summary is not intended to be a comprehensive summary of available evidence on COVID-19 but aims to make original documents easily accessible to decision-makers which, if relevant to them, they should go to before making decisions. This summary covers publications on Epidemiology and modeling; Infection Prevention and Control; Therapeutics; Vaccines; Indirect impact of COVID-19; Comments, Editorials, Opinions, Blogs, News; Dashboards & Trackers; C19 Resource Hubs; and Online learning & events
Humanitarian Evidence Summary No.11
Authors: Kelly Luke
Published: August 2022

This is the 11th monthly Humanitarian Evidence Summary (HUMES) to signpost FCDO and other UK government departments to the latest relevant evidence and discourse on humanitarian action to inform and support their response. It is the result of 1 day of work per month and is not intended to be a comprehensive summary of available evidence on humanitarian action but aims to make original documents easily accessible to decision-makers that, if relevant to them, they could refer to before making decisions. This summary covers publications on Enhancing protection and humanitarian access; Needs assessment and analysis; Accountability to affected populations; Cash programming; Managing risk better, preparedness and anticipation; Resilience and protracted crisis; and Resource Hubs
Mineralogical and geochemical features of the ores of the Verkhnelekeletskoye gold-quartz-sulfide occurrence in the Polar Urals (Manitanyrd Ridge)
Authors: Mayorova Tatiana , Efanova Lyudmila , Sokerina N.
Published: August 2022

The Verkhnelekeletskoye gold occurrence of gold-quartz-sulfide type is localized in the marginal part of the gabbro-dolerite dike of the Lower Ordovician Lekvozhsky complex. The ore zone is composed of pyrite-sericite-quartz metasomatites with quartz-vein and vein-disseminated mineralization. The gold-sulfide ores are represented by pyrite with a subordinate amount of arsenopyrite and, to a lesser extent, sphalerite. Galena and chalcopyrite are present as microinclusions in pyrite and arsenopyrite. Characteristic impurity elements in sulfides are arsenic and antimony, nickel is also found. We identified rare minerals — tetrahedrite, lead sulphosalts, ulmannite, gersdorfite. The main form of gold occurrence is submicron and micron segregations in pyrite and arsenopyrite. Impurity elements in gold are silver, mercury is rare. Gold is moderately high-grade and medium-grade, in the presence of mercury — low-grade. In terms of the mineral composition of ores, including rare minerals, the Verkhnelekeletskoye ore occurrence is very similar to the Verkhneniyayuskoye 2 deposit. The sulfides of the Verkhnelekeletskoye occurrence are characterized by a light sulfur isotopic composition (34S = –0.2 ÷ –3.5 ‰), close to the meteorite standard, which indicates the participation of deep sulphur sources in ore formation and its association with magmatic processes.
Lehnwortgut oder (Neo)Sprachpurismus: Eine falsche Alternative anstelle komplementärer Dialektik
Authors: Sadziński Witold
Published: August 2022

Loan words generally have a bad reputation – but it is hard to imagine the language without them anyway. The reason for this ambivalence seems not least to be the fact that foreign borrowings, mostly in statu nascendi, may cause hostility because of the disruption of the usual resting position, while their numerically serious catalytic role in the establishment of target language equivalents – usually with the disappearance of the borrowings connected – mostly goes unnoticed. This discrepancy is summed up as the dialectic of conflict, and according to Spitzmüller (2005) as the “incompatibility of two divergent discourses”: “[It] shows that language in public is more than a medium of communication: it functions as a collective ›social symbol‹ and as a means of constituting identity and alterity. Metalinguistic discourse is therefore never exclusively related to language. Social fears, social conflicts and therefore a given socio-historical situation always stand behind it.”
Rola uwagi w nauczaniu języka obcego – wybrane aspekty
Authors: Białek Magdalena
Published: August 2022

The article aims to analyse selected attention processes concerning learning a foreign language, emphasising the possibility of formulating a pedagogical instruction resulting from the knowledge about attention. Recognising the student’s information processing mechanism as the teacher’s workplace, one must also recognise that the teacher’s knowledge of the processes taking place in it becomes an indisputable necessity. This article presents the concept of the attention filter in connection with the levels of information processing. Also, it refers to the concept of Kahneman’s attention resources management, each time trying to connect theoretical considerations with the possibility of their application in the school environment. The subject of the considerations was also involuntary and voluntary attention in language education processes, the hypothesis of conscious perception, individual differences and the relationship between attention and motivation. Theoretical considerations have become the starting point for application conclusions.
Językoznawstwo kognitywne a niemieckie czasowniki przedrostkowe ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem morfemu „durch”
Authors: Iwaniak Kamil
Published: August 2022

The paper aims at elaborating on prefixal verbs, particularly those containing the morpheme durch, with regard to cognitive grammar. The reflections are carried out against the background of cognitive theories. They revolve around phenomena such as metonymy and conceptual metaphors – regarded as ubiquitous processes enabling us to capture the notion of abstract entities, and based on an inborn ability of the human mind to create analogies. The paper is dedicated to metaphorical extensions that play a vital role contributing to the expansion of radial semantic networks described according to Langacker. Crucial prominence is given to conceptual blending that allows to use certain prefixes with noticeable efficacy.
Detwinning/twin growth-induced phase transformation in a metastable compositionally complex alloy
Authors: Lu Wenjun , An Fengchao , Liebscher Christian H.
Published: August 2022

Extensive experiments have shown that the transformation from the face-centered cubic to hexagonal close-packed ε phase usually occurs around coherent Σ3 boundaries. However, in this letter, we reveal a different transformation mechanism in a metastable dual-phase compositionally complex alloy via a systematic high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy analysis. The face-centered cubic γ matrix can be transformed to the hexagonal close-packed ɛ phase (as small as one unit) around an incoherent Σ3 boundary (~30 nm), i.e., the facet of the coherent Σ3 boundary. This transformation is assisted by the detwinning/twin growth of a coherent Σ3 boundary during annealing treatment (900 °C for 60 min).
Digital Information and Communication Technologies: analysis of students´perceptions of a public school
Authors: Silva Zenaide Gomes da , Fürkotter Monica
Published: August 2022

This article presents an excerpt from a Master's research which had as general objective  investigating the perceptions of students from a public school about the use of Digital Information and Communication Technologies (DICT) inside and outside the school context. The research had a qualitative approach with an explanatory descriptive design, using a questionnaire with opened and closed questions for data collection. Seventy students from the 9th year of Elementary School, from morning and afternoon periods, of a public school, participated in the research. The frequencies and percentages resulting from closed questions and the categories of opened questions were analyzed using a theoretical reference on the advances of DICT, cyberspace and cyberculture, the characterization of generations and their relationship with technologies, the Common National Curriculum Base (CNCB), the DICT and the school. The results reveal that the research participants, young people of Generation Z, who have been living with technologies since they were born, present characteristics of information consumers, using the technologies as reproduction tools, contrary to what CNCB´s fifth competence indicates, namely, that students use and create DTIC to communicate, access and disseminate information, produce knowledge and solve problems. Understanding young people´s perceptions about the use of DICT may contribute to school actions that may favour the development of this competence.
Борьба штаммов COVID-19 в г. Москва: альфа, дельта, омикрон, стелс, BA4/5 (август 2022)
Authors: Соколов Александр , Соколова Любовь
Published: August 2022

Технология сбалансированной идентификации применяется для моделирования динамики заболеваемости Covid-19. Метод сбалансированной идентификации основан на принципах регуляризации и оценки погрешности моделирования перекрестной проверкой. Рассматривается ряд моделей, в том числе модели конкуренции штаммов. Предполагается, что (естественный и искусственный) иммунитет не зависит от штамма. Приводятся прогнозы заболеваемости в Москве. Согласно прогнозам, максимум заболеваемости придется на вторую половину августа.
Распространение вариантов вируса SARS-COV-2, вызывающих озабоченность (VOC) на основе количества их геномов, депонированных в базу данных GISAID за неделю с 06.08.2022 г. по 12.08.2022 г.
Authors: Дмитриева Людмила , Краснов Ярослав , Чумачкова Елена , Осина Наталья , Зимирова Анастасия , Иванова Александра , Карнаухов Игорь , Караваева Татьяна , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: August 2022

В обзоре представлена информация по актуальным геновариантам вируса SARS-COV-2, циркулирующим в настоящее время, геномные последовательности которых размещены в международной базе данных GISAID за неделю с 06.08.2022 г. по 12.08.2022 г.
Pandemic lockdown restrictions and COVID-19 hospitalization and deaths in patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases
Authors: Kiadaliri Ali , Turkiewicz Aleksandra , Magnusson Karin , Methi Fredrik , Dell’Isola Andrea , Runhaar Jos , Bierma-Zeinstra Sita , Englund Martin
Published: August 2022

Background: A wide range of response strategies have been implemented by different countries to slow the spread of the COVID-19 outbreak. While the effects of these strategies in the general population have been investigated, less is known about the effects of these strategies on those with pre-existing comorbid conditions including rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs). We aimed to quantify the impact of stringent lockdown restrictions in Norway compared to Sweden on COVID-19 hospitalization/death and all-cause mortality in persons with and without RMDs. Methods: Using ICD codes from register data, individuals aged ≥35 years residing in Norway and Skåne region (Sweden) on 31st December 2019 were divided into the RMD cohort (those with any diagnosis of RMDs during January 1, 2017–January 31, 2020), and the non-RMDs cohort. We obtained daily data on the outcomes for February–May, 2020 and applied difference-in-difference and event study to estimate the causal effect of lockdown. Results: Compared with Skåne, strict lockdown in Norway was, on average, associated with 18.0 (95% CI 8.6, 27.3), 2.7 (1.5, 3.9), and 2.9 (–4.0, 9.7) fewer daily COVID-19 hospitalizations, COVID-19 death, and all-cause mortality per million persons, respectively, among individuals with RMD. Corresponding reductions were 9.1 (95% CI 4.5, 13.7), 0.9 (0.4, 1.5), and 2.9 (–3.8, 9.7) among those without RMD. Event study showed that the effects on COVID-19 hospitalization and death were evident from 1-2 weeks after lockdown implementation and onward with generally greater effects in the RMDs than the non-RMDs cohort and in older than younger individuals. Conclusion: Strict lockdown was associated with reductions in COVID-19 hospitalizations and (to a lesser extent) COVID-19 death with no essential effect on all-cause mortality. Our findings confirm effect of strict lockdown in particular among those at higher risk of COVID-19 adverse outcomes such as older persons with RMDs.
Imputation strategies for near real-time genomic prediction using nanopore sequencing
Authors: Lamb Harrison J. , Nguyen Loan T. , Copley James P. , Engle Bailey N. , Hayes Ben J. , Ross Elizabeth M.
Published: August 2022

Background

Genomic prediction describes the use of SNP genotypes to predict complex phenotypes and has been widely applied in humans and agriculture species. Genotyping-by-sequencing, a method which uses low-coverage sequence data paired with genotype imputation, is becoming increasingly popular for SNP genotyping. The development of Oxford Nanopore Technologies’ (ONT) MinION sequencer has now made genotyping-by-sequencing portable and rapid. Here we evaluate the speed and accuracy of genomic predictions using low-coverage ONT sequence data in a population of cattle using four imputation approaches. We also investigate the effect of SNP reference panel size on their performance.

Results

SNP array genotypes and ONT sequence data for 64 beef heifers were used to calculate genomic estimated breeding values (GEBVs) from 641k SNP for four traits. Accuracy of the GEBVs was much higher when flanking SNP from sequence data was used to help impute the 641k panel used for genomic predictions. Using the imputation package QUILT, correlations between ONT and low-density SNP array genomic breeding values were greater than 0.91 and up to 0.97 for sequencing coverages as low as 0.1x using a panel of 48 million SNP that flanked the 641k in the prediction equation. Imputation time was significantly reduced by decreasing the number of flanking sequence SNP used in imputation for all methods. Genomic breeding values calculated using QUILT also had higher correlations to high density SNP arrays than genomic breeding values from imputed-low density arrays for coverages as low as 0.5x.

Conclusions

Here we demonstrated accurate genomic prediction is possible with ONT sequence data from sequencing coverages as low as 0.1x, and imputation time can be as short as 10 minutes per sample.
Alginate-pectin microparticles loaded with nanoemulsions as nanocomposites for wound healing
Authors: Amante Chiara , Andretto Valentina , Rosso Annalisa , Augusti Geraldine , Marzocco Stefania , Lollo Giovanna , Gaudio Pasquale Del
Published: August 2022

This work combines natural polymers with nanoemulsions (NEs) to formulate nanocomposites as innovative wound dressing. Spray drying has been used to produce alginate-pectin in situ gelling powders as carriers for NEs loaded with curcumin (CCM), a model antimicrobial drug. The influence of NEs encapsulation in polymer-based microparticles was studied in terms of particle size distribution, morphology, and stability after spray drying. NEs loading did not affect the size of microparticles which was around 3.5 µm, while the shape and surface morphology analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM), changed from irregular to spherical. Nanocomposites as dried powders were able to form a gel in less than 5 minutes when in contact with simulated wound fluid (SWF), while the value of moisture transmission of the in situ formed hydrogels allowed to promote good wound transpiration. Moreover, rheologic analyses showed that in situ formed gels loaded with NEs appeared more elastic than blank formulations. The in situ formed gel allowed the prolonged release of CCM-loaded NEs in the wound bed, reaching 100% in 24 hours. Finally, powders cytocompatibility was confirmed by incubation with keratinocyte cells (HaCaT), proving that such nanocomposites can be considered a potential candidate for wound dressings.
The Use of a Self-driven Vehicle in Industry 4.0: A Case Study Applied to an Agribusiness Company
Authors: MACIEL HIGOR HENRIQUE CORREA , CATAPAN MARCIO , MARQUES ALESSANDRO
Published: August 2022

Industry 4.0, also called the Fourth Industrial Revolution, brings technologies into the manufacturing environment. One of them is the usage of auto guided vehicles - AGV - to ensure greater agility, dynamism and organization in the operation in an industrial environment. This work presents a case study in a large agricultural machinery assembler in the region of Curitiba. Also, it is proposed a methodology to guarantee a smooth analysis, implementation and validation of the technology. From the studies presented in this document, it is possible to verify a considerable loss in manpower, due to the idleness of the operator and its resources, such as the conveyor cart, as well as layout restrictions and supply models. Using practices from the Lean Manufacturing philosophy, strategies were defined on how to reduce these losses by replacing idle labor with the aforementioned autonomous vehicles. The results demonstrate significant financial gains in a relatively low payback time: a 22% reduction in operating costs with a payback
Factors influencing the power of polygenic risk score: a survey based on a genotype array dataset of an ulcerative colitis cohort
Authors: Liu Ling , Wu Yiming , Jing Runyu , Li Yizhou , Li Menglong
Published: August 2022

BackgroundPolygenic risk scores (PRSs) are personalized assessments based on the cumulative effect of a larger number of genetic variants, and the PRS has been utilized to estimate the risk of a disease or disease-related trait for an individual. However, the capability of PRS can be interfered with by multiple factors spanning from the generating genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary to the PRS calculation. In this study, based on a large cohort of 2,781 ulcerative colitis (UC) cases and 2,876 healthy controls with available genotype array data, we systematically analyzed factors that could affect the power of PRS, including GWAS summary statistics, population stratification, impact of variants and imputation reference panels.ResultsWe eventually established the best model achieving an AUC of 0.715 (95% CI 0.702-0.729) in prediction using 2,669 UC cases and 2,846 healthy controls of genetically identified Europeans. And samples in the top 5% of the PRS distribution had more than seven times higher risk of UC than samples in the lowest 95% (OR=7.014, 95% CI 4.977-9.884).ConclusionOur analyses demonstrated that including population-specific, more associated SNPs and selecting GWAS summary statistics results from similar population structure can improve the power of PRS, strictly following the principle of focusing on one population in all aspects of generating PRS, which can be a cost-effective way to apply genotype array-derived PRS to practical risk estimation.
Biodiesel production from municipal waste using lipase catalysis
Authors: VENTER ROELF Jacobus , Marx S. , Merwe J.B. van der
Published: August 2022

As biocrude exhibits inferior properties for it to be used as a high-value fuel, upgrading is needed. Thermochemical upgrading methods prove to be the most successful in terms of oxygen removal and stabilisation of biocrude; however, heavy organics in biocrude have the tendency to polymerise upon thermal treatment. This results in catalyst deactivation and coking during hydrotreatment of biocrude. Chemical upgrading, such as conventional esterification at mild reaction conditions, is also ineffective as the esterification reaction is incomplete due to the carboxylic acid-water equilibrium reaction. In this study, the enzymatic upgrading route was evaluated by studying the conversion of fatty acids to methyl esters in the biocrude. A fatty acid conversion of 94.6 mass % at 30 ֯C was obtained, showing that moisture and other components present in biocrude do not have a negative effect on fatty acid esterification using lipase catalysis. The difference in oil-to-oil molar ratio between 1:2 and 1:18 is not significant due to the presence of hydroxyl groups in the oil which contributes to the esterification reaction. No heavy fraction formation was observed in the boiling curves which is an indication that no significant coking occurred. Although the fuel value of the produced biodiesel at 34.9 MJ/kg is lower than that of petroleum fuel, the biodiesel in this study can be used in blends for heating, cooking and electricity generation applications.
An adaptive dead zone compensation control method for EHAs under low-speed conditions
Authors: Zhou Fengqi , Sun Maowen , Liu Hao , Ouyang Xiaoping , Xu Lilin , Yao Yeming , Yang Huayong
Published: August 2022

This paper proposes an accurate dead zone compensation control method for electro-hydrostatic actuators (EHAs) under low-speed conditions. Specifically, the nonlinear dead zone characteristics under low-speed conditions are summarized based on many EHA experiments. Then, an adaptive compensation function (ACF) for the dead zone is constructed. Next, based on the established EHA model, this paper proposes an adaptive dead zone compensation control method for EHAs by combining ACF with the virtual decomposition controller (VDC). The stability of the proposed control method is also proved. Finally, the proposed control method is verified by the EHA platform. Test results show that the dead zone trajectory tracking error of EHA is significantly reduced when combined with ACF. Furthermore, since most EHAs are controlled by adjusting the motor speed, the method presented in this paper is simpler and easier to use than methods that employ flow compensation.
A multi-reference parent nested-association mapping population to dissect the genetics of quantitative traits in durum wheat
Authors: Alahmad Samir , Kang Yichen , Dinglasan Eric , Jambuthenne Dilani , Robinson Hannah , Tao Yongfu , Able Jason A. , Christopher Jack , Voss-Fels Kai P. , Bassi Filippo M. , Hickey Lee T.
Published: August 2022

Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) breeding programs face many challenges surrounding the development of stable varieties with high quality and yield. Therefore, researchers and breeders are focused on deciphering the genetic architecture of biotic and abiotic traits with the aim of pyramiding desirable traits. These efforts require access to diverse genetic resources, including wild relatives, germplasm collections, and mapping populations. Advances in accelerated generation technologies have enabled the rapid development of mapping populations with significant genetic diversity. Here, we describe the development of a durum Nested Association Mapping (dNAM) population, which represents a valuable genetic resource for mapping the effects of different alleles on trait performance. We created this population to understand the quantitative nature of drought-adaptive traits in durum wheat. We developed 920 F6 lines in only 18 months using speed breeding technology, including the F4 generation in the field. Large variation in above- and belowground traits was observed, which could be harnessed using genetic mapping and breeding approaches. We genotyped the population using 13,393 DArTseq markers. Quality control resulted in 6,785 high-quality polymorphic markers used for structure analysis, linkage disequilibrium decay, and marker-trait association analyses. To demonstrate the effectiveness of dNAM as a resource for elucidating the genetic control of quantitative traits, we took a genome-wide mapping approach using the FarmCPU method for plant height and days to flowering. These results highlight the power of using dNAM as a tool to dissect the genetics of durum wheat traits, supporting the development of varieties with improved adaptation and yield.
TNFα-dependent mTOR activity is required for tenotomy-induced ectopic ossification in mice
Authors: Kushima Yu , Sato Yuiko , Kobayashi Tami , Matsumoto Morio , Nakamura Masaya , Iwamoto Takuji , Miyamoto Takeshi
Published: August 2022

Ectopic ossifications often occur in skeletal muscles or tendons following local trauma or internal hemorrhage, and occasionally cause severe pain that limits activities of daily living. However, mechanisms underlying their development remain unknown. Here we show that dissection of the Achilles tendon promotes ectopic ossification at dissection sites in wild-type mice. We observed mTOR activation at dissection sites, and development of ectopic ossification was significantly inhibited by administration of rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor, to wild-type mice. Moreover, administration of the histamine 2 blocker cimetidine, which reportedly inhibits ectopic ossification in tendons, was not effective in inhibiting ectopic ossification in our models. The inflammatory cytokine TNFα reportedly stimulates mTOR signaling, and we show that TNFα-expressing F4/80-positive macrophages accumulate at dissection sites and that ectopic ossification of the Achilles tendon dissection was significantly inhibited in TNFα-deficient mice in vivo. We also show that ectopic ossification is significantly inhibited by administration of either celecoxib or loxoprofen, both anti-inflammatory agents, in wild-type mice. Finally, we report that mTOR activation by Achilles tendon tenotomy is inhibited in TNFα-deficient mice. Thus, the TNFα-mTOR axis could be targeted therapeutically to prevent trauma-induced ectopic ossification in tendons.
Ionic liquid combined with bile acid pathway for oral delivery of rhGH
Authors: zhou jie , Li Shengnan , Zhang Jin , Luo Fusui , Sun Yiwen , Guan Min , Ma HUili , Liu Qian
Published: August 2022

Oral absorption and room temperature storage remain two major challenges limiting the bioavailability of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) due to the need to overcome the unfavorable gastrointestinal environment and resist temperature effects on rhGH structure, Therefore, we designed a multifunctional nanoplatform to address both problems simultaneously. The carrier consists of PLGA, ionic liquid (IL) and deoxycholic acid (DCA). In this nanosystem, IL acts as a green non-toxic solvent and helps the nanoparticles to open tight junctions between cells, and acts as a room temperature protectant to improve the room temperature stability of rhGH. Endogenous DCA as a ligand increases intestinal absorption of nanoparticles through receptor-mediated endocytosis. The nanoparticles have the following advantages: 1) Protects rhGH in the gastrointestinal tract from being degraded by gastric acid and proteases. 2) The absorption of rhGH in intestinal tract was increased and its bioavailability was enhanced. 3) The storage time of rhGH at room temperature was prolonged. These materials are cheap, readily available and easily synthesized and these studies provide a basis for the clinical application of rhGH.
Generalized daily reference evapotranspiration models based on a hybrid optimization algorithm tuned fuzzy tree approach
Authors: Roy Dilip Kumar , Sarkar Tapash Kumar , Biswas Sujit Kumar , Datta Bithin
Published: August 2022

Reference evapotranspiration (ET0) is an important driver in managing scarce water resources and making decisions on real-time and future irrigation scheduling. Therefore, accurate prediction of ET0 is crucial in water resources management. In this study, the prediction of ET0 was performed employing several optimization algorithms tuned Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) and Fuzzy Tree (FT) models, for the first time, whose generalization capability was tested using data from other stations. The FISs and FTs were developed through parameter tuning using Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Pattern Search (PS), and their combinations. The FT was developed by combining several fuzzy objects that received ranked meteorological variables. A total of 50 FIS and FT models were developed and the model ranking was performed utilizing Shannon’s Entropy (SE). Evaluation outcomes revealed the superiority of the hybrid PSO-GA tuned Sugeno type 1 FT model (with R = 0.929, NRMSE = 0.169, accuracy = 0.999. NS = 0.856, and IOA = 0.985) over others. For evaluating the generalization capability of the models, three different parts of datasets (all-inclusive, 1st half, and 2nd half) of the five test stations were evaluated. The proposed model performed similarly well, according to the findings, on the datasets of the test stations and that the proposed model developed using Sugeno type 1 FT provided superior performance. The study concluded that the proposed optimization algorithm tuned Sugeno type 1 FT approach which was composed of several standalone FIS objects was suitable for predicting daily ET0 values.
Using AHP-PROMOTHEE for selection of best Low-Impact Development designs for urban flood mitigation
Authors: DadrasAjirlou Yashar , Karami Hojat , Mirjalili Seyedali
Published: August 2022

In this study, in addition to studying the effects of several LID schemes on urban flood control, the Analytic Hierarchy Process-Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation (AHP-PROMETHEE) combination method has been used to select the best design. This paper investigates the drainage system in Golestan town of Semnan under a 5-year return period. The LID methods have been selected based on the region's conditions and available facilities. Then Rain Barrel (RB), Permeable Pavement (PP), and Infiltration Trench (IT) were considered as LID methods. Seven scenarios with the names RB, PP, IT, IT-PP, IT-RB, PP-RB, and IT-PP-RB have been considered to provide the best LID usage combination. Four analytical ranking criteria were selected for the ranking procedure, including implementation cost, hydraulic performance, environmental impact during implementation, and ease of implementation. Then the weight of these criteria was obtained using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Finally, after determining the weight criteria, the LID designs were ranked using the Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation (PROMETHEE) method. The results of hydraulic studies indicate the effectiveness of the PP-RB scenario with an average reduction of 90% of peak discharge and an average reduction of 80% of total flood volume. Also, the weakest performance is related to the IT scenario, with an average decrease of 60% of peak flow and 47% of total flow volume. AHP-PROMETHEE analysis showed that the simultaneous use of RB and IT with a coverage percentage of 5% and a cost of $ 57,710 reduced the total volume by 51.54% and the peak discharge by 48.8% compared to the results of the current system. According to AHP-PROMETHEE, IT-RB-5 is the best project proposed among the 70 projects studied. This study showed that the AHP-PROMETHEE method could be used as a practical method to choose from several LID schemes for flood control.
The modified Latarjet procedure in the treatment of anterior shoulder instability with significant bone loss: a case series
Authors: Mekky Ahmed Farid , Fossati Chiara , Menon Alessandra , Randelli Pietro Simone , Aly Tarek
Published: August 2022

Background
Recurrent anterior shoulder instability is a common problem and may be associated with glenoid bone defects. It is important to treat these bone defects appropriately because they are a cause of failed instability repair. Surgical procedures including Latarjet are the usual treatment for anterior shoulder instability associated with significant glenoid bone defects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome and gleno-humeral arthritis progression in patients with recurrent anterior shoulder instability and significant bone loss treated by a modified Latarjet procedure.
Methods
From July 2018 to November 2021, 21 patients with recurrent anterior shoulder instability associated with significant bone defects were treated by a modified Latarjet procedure. The patients were post-operatively assessed using modified Rowe scoring.
Results
The mean age at time of surgery was 28.52 ± 8.0 (range: 19–45) years. The mean number of dislocations was 18.33 ± 8.67 (range: 6–35) times. The mean glenoid defect size was 26.19 ± 4.85 (range: 21–37) % and Hill-Sachs lesions were off track in 19 cases. The mean follow-up period was 30.67 ± 7.53 (range: 16–40) months. Eighteen patients (85.7%) showed good to excellent results. The mean modified Rowe score was 85.00 ± 18.77 (range: 30–100) points. The mean external rotation loss was 8.09 ± 5.11° (range: 0–20°). None of the patients showed recurrence of instability and arthritis progression.
Conclusion
The modified Latarjet is an effective and reliable surgical option to treat traumatic anterior shoulder instability with significant bone loss. Most of the reported complications associated with this procedure didn’t affect the functional outcome.
Physico-Mechanical Properties of Biodegradable Composite making with Polylactic acid (PLA) and Spinning Mill Wastage Reinforcement
Authors: -E-Karim Fahmida , Begum Hosne Ara , Islam Md. Redwanul , Siddique Abu Bakr
Published: August 2022

Biodegradable composite materials are getting popular day by day for creating a sustainable environment. The focus of this article is to introduce spinning mill wastage (seeds, short fibers, foreign materials etc.) as reinforced material with biodegradable matrix that is polylactic acid for comparing its property as a replacement of expended polystyrene (EPS) foam packing material. Hand lay-up process is used for making the composite. The mechanical characterization of the composite is done by doing tensile, bending and compression strength test. Surface topography of the composite is analyzed by testing the sample with SEM. This study shows that the mechanical property of this composite is quite similar to EPS but the porosity of the sample needs to be developed for ensuring better property of the composite.