bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Andrzej Lepper: kryzys transformacji i polityka populizmu
Authors: Kuligowski Piotr , Moll Łukasz
Published: November 2023

Jest to artykuł wstępny do numeru tematycznego czasopisma Praktyka Teoretyczna zatytułowanego „Andrzej Lepper: Kryzys transformacji i polityka populizmu”. Artykuł rozpoczyna się wprowadzeniem, w którym autorzy rozważają przyczyny rosnącego zainteresowania postacią Andrzeja Leppera i wskazują na związane z tym stawki polityczne związane z próbami wprowadzenia nowego rozumienia populizmu. Następnie wskazują, że w historii Leppera, a szerzej: partii Samoobrona, można dostrzec fazę plebsizmu. Był to wczesny etap rozwoju ruchu, przypadający na lata dziewięćdziesiąte, kiedy to działaczami politycznymi byli ludzie pokrzywdzeni i skupieni na organizowaniu oddolnego oporu społecznego oraz tworzeniu alternatywnych form podmiotowości. Przejście w kierunku populizmu dokonało się po 2001 roku, gdy Lepper i kierownictwo Samoobrony oderwali się od społecznego podłoża, stając się zawodowymi politykami, wypowiadającymi się w imieniu ludu. W kolejnej części artykułu, zestawiając Polskę z Boliwią, autorzy poszukują globalnego momentu populistycznego na peryferiach kapitalizmu. Zaskakująco to właśnie te peryferie – Europa Środkowa i Ameryka Łacińska – okazały się swego rodzaju laboratoriami politycznymi jako obszary, które stworzyły populistyczną odpowiedź na wszechogarniającą politykę neoliberalną.
Populiści w poszukiwaniu tożsamości – ideologiczne inspiracje Samoobrony (1991–2007)
Authors: Tomasiewicz Jarosław
Published: November 2023

Ruch społeczno-polityczny Samoobrony, jako bodaj jedyny w trzydziestoleciu transformacji w pełni oddolny (zrodzony bez zewnętrznego instytucjonalnego wsparcia) ruch protestu, stanowi fenomen wymykający się zarówno naukowym analizom, jak i publicystycznym schematom, a przez to jest podatny na mitologizację. Wynika to z amorficzności samego zjawiska populizmu, a także specyfiki polskich warunków. Samoobrona, praktycznie pozbawiona intelektualnego i medialnego zaplecza, bardzo oszczędnie artykułowała swoją ideologię, a jej działania jawiły się jako niespójne. Tym niemniej w tej mgławicowości można dostrzec kontury systemów ideologicznych, których zidentyfikowanie stanowi cel niniejszego artykułu. Samoobrona, choć zrodziła się jako tabula rasa nawiązywała, choćby intuicyjne, do radykalnych tradycji ruchu ludowego. Warunki transformacji – z jednej strony kompromitacja języka i symboliki lewicy, z drugiej peryferyzacja polskiej gospodarki uzależniająca ją od zagranicznego kapitału – sprzyjały sięganiu po retorykę nacjonalistyczną w jej tercerystycznym (społecznie radykalnym) wariancie. Populizm Samoobrony w latach dziewięćdziesiątych miał w rezultacie charakter hybrydalny, łącząc elementy socjalno-rewindykacyjne (typowe dla populizmu lewicowego) i konserwatywno- ksenofobiczne (cechujące populizm prawicowy). Pozwoliło to na uformowanie szerokiej koalicji peryferyjnych grup społecznych, połączonych sprzeciwem wobec transformacji i establishmentu, czego ideologicznym odzwierciedleniem był mit jednolitego ludu. Stopniowa ewolucja w kierunku lewicowym została zakłócona przez sukces wyborczy, który zaowocował przesunięciem punktu ciężkości w populistycznej koalicji na korzyść burżuazji narodowej. Hegemonia polityczna drobnych i średnich przedsiębiorców zaowocowała próbą odnalezienia nowej tożsamości w „socjalliberalizmie”, jednak ostatecznie doprowadziła do klęski całego projektu.
Chłopi – między populizmem i kapitalizmem
Authors: Urbański Jarosław
Published: November 2023

W Polsce dominuje przekonanie o ciągłej dominacji małych gospodarstw rolnych. Rozdrobniona struktura gospodarstw miała przetrwać od połowy XIX wieku. Nie zdołano tego zmienić w czasach realnego socjalizmu (1945–1989), pomimo podejmowanych prób kolektywizacji (1948–1956). Jednak po 1989 roku, a szczególnie po przystąpieniu Polski do Unii Europejskiej (2004), zaczęły następować szybkie przemiany na polskiej wsi. Masowo upadają małe i średnie gospodarstwa rolne, zachodzi koncentracja ziemi i produkcji zwierzęcej, spada liczba zatrudnionych w rolnictwie, zmienia się skład społeczny wsi. W ten sposób populistyczne ruchy chłopskie tracą swoje zaplecze społeczne i poparcie polityczne mieszkańców wsi. Coraz częściej występują oni przeciwko agrobiznesowi, szczególnie przeciwko fermom przemysłowym, które stwarzają zagrożenie dla otoczenia społecznego i przyrodniczego. Trudno jednak ten ruch protestu nazwać ludowym, choć z pewnością zachowuje klasowy charakter. Jest on wymierzony w narodowe i transnarodowe korporacje narzucające neoliberalne zasady produkcji rolnej (często zdominowanej przez eksport), wielkość i formy konsumpcji oraz warunki życia na polskiej wsi.
Chanting Among Thai Older Adults Who Are Community Dwelling in Northern Thailand
Authors: Danyuthasilpe Chuleekorn , Wasuntarawat Chanchira , Hawthorne Dawn , Barry Charlotte
Published: November 2023

This descriptive qualitative study explored what the spiritual practice of chanting means to the well-being of older adults living in a Northern Thailand community. In-depth interviews included 20 participants 60 years of age or older. Participants shared that chanting requires the Buddhist faith and continuous practice is beneficial in promoting wellness. Chanting provides a spiritual anchor of hope that ameliorates the experience of deleterious life events. The findings shed new light on the significance of chanting for older adults’ well-being. Chanting can provide a basis for health promotion policies and interactions that promote the health of older adults.
Current state of radiomics in hepatobiliary and pancreatic malignancies
Authors: Grewal Mahip , Ahmed Taha , Javed Ammar Asrar
Published: November 2023

Rising in incidence, hepatobiliary and pancreatic (HPB) cancers continue to exhibit dismal long-term survival. The overall poor prognosis of HPB cancers is reflective of the advanced stage at which most patients are diagnosed. Late diagnosis is driven by the often-asymptomatic nature of these diseases, as well as a dearth of screening modalities. Additionally, standard imaging modalities fall short of providing accurate and detailed information regarding specific tumor characteristics, which can better inform surgical planning and sequencing of systemic therapy. Therefore, precise therapeutic planning must be delayed until histopathological examination is performed at the time of resection. Given the current shortcomings in the management of HPB cancers, investigations of numerous noninvasive biomarkers, including circulating tumor cells and DNA, proteomics, immunolomics, and radiomics, are underway. Radiomics encompasses the extraction and analysis of quantitative imaging features. Along with summarizing the general framework of radiomics, this review synthesizes the state of radiomics in HPB cancers, outlining its role in various aspects of management, present limitations, and future applications for clinical integration. Current literature underscores the utility of radiomics in early detection, tumor characterization, therapeutic selection, and prognostication for HPB cancers. Seeing as single-center, small studies constitute the majority of radiomics literature, there is considerable heterogeneity with respect to steps of the radiomics workflow such as segmentation, or delineation of the region of interest on a scan. Nonetheless, the introduction of the radiomics quality score (RQS) demonstrates a step towards greater standardization and reproducibility in the young field of radiomics. Altogether, in the setting of continually improving artificial intelligence algorithms, radiomics represents a promising biomarker avenue for promoting enhanced and tailored management of HPB cancers, with the potential to improve long-term outcomes for patients.
Tax incentives during the Covid-19 pandemic: An Islamic economics perspective
Authors: Triwibowo Ananto , Sugeng Anggoro , Baidhowi Muhammad Mujib
Published: November 2023

IntroductionThe economic impact of Covid-19 virus is also felt by the state revenue sector due to tax incentives.ObjectivesThis study aims to analyze the tax incentive policies implemented by the government during the Covid-19 pandemic in terms of objectives, impacts, and the concept of convenience from an Islamic economics perspective. MethodThis study uses a normative-juridical approach by examining tax incentive policies in the context of Islamic economic theory from philosophical and juridical perspectives.ResultsFrom an Islamic economic perspective, the existence of tax incentives seen from the objective of the results and benefits is appropriate because it creates maslahah in the midst of an emergency or critical situation. In addition, the convenience provided by the government in tax incentives if seen from Islamic law is rukshah, or convenience and understanding for citizens due to certain conditions, namely the Covid-19 pandemic. ImplicationsThis study contributes to the development of theoretical research in the field of macroeconomic policy from an Islamic perspective. This study can also be used as a reference by the government to provide tax incentives in times of similar crises.Originality/NoveltyThis study is unique in that it examines the problem of tax incentives from an Islamic perspective. As a country with the world's largest Muslim population, this study will enrich Islamic macroeconomic studies for policymaking in Indonesia.
Impacto personal en el proceso de investigación etnográfica
Authors: Islas Salinas Patricia
Published: November 2023

Se detalla en el artículo el proceso de la autora con respecto a la adopción del método etnográfico para propósitos de investigación en el contexto de las comunidades menonitas de Cuauhtémoc, Chihuahua, México. Se explican los desafíos para la aplicación del método etnográfico en contextos multiculturales, y la vertiente personal, desde la perspectiva de la investigadora.
Local Soft-Tissue Thickness vs. Body Mass Index as Predictors of Complications After Total Knee or Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Parikh Sarthak , Pannu Tejbir S. , Davis Ty , Gomez Osmanny , Corces Arturo
Published: November 2023

» Body mass index (BMI) is a nonspecific measure of general fat composition that demonstrates little conclusive or definitive association with surgical site complications after total knee and total hip arthroplasty.

» Quantifying soft-tissue thickness (STT) around the joint of interest has shown positive correlations with complications and is arguably a better predictor than BMI.

» In this literature review, 14 articles (7 discussing hips and 7 discussing knees) discussing the association of STT, BMI, and surgical site complications after total hip and knee arthroplasty were scrutinized and summarized to present relevant information necessary to compare STT with BMI.

» Five of the 7 studies involving hips and 4 of the 7 studies involving knees show a positive relationship between STT and outcomes including complications and infection, with some claiming STT as a stronger predictor of surgery site problems than BMI.

» Since many variables, such as STT measurement technique, surgical outcomes, sample sizes, and surgical approach, varied between the studies, definitive inferences are difficult to make and future studies of bigger sample size and higher power should focus on the described measurement techniques.
A New Methodology to Evaluate the Sealing Process Based on Pressure Drop and Fluid Loss in Fractures during the Drilling Operation
Authors: Borges Filho Moacyr Nogueira , Soares Andréia Silveira Freire , Furtado Filipe Arantes , Scheid Claudia Miriam , Calçada Luis Américo
Published: November 2023

Natural or artificial fractures are common in the wellbore during drilling operations. These fractures allow the flow of drilling fluid into the rock formation. The loss of circulation increases the operation’s cost and nonproductive time, which may threaten the well’s structural integrity. To overcome this problem, it is necessary to understand the flow of fluids through fractures and develop methods to mitigate the loss of circulation. This work’s main contributions are expanding the knowledge on the flow of drilling fluids through fractured channels, conducting an experimental study on the flow of suspensions of lost circulation materials (LCM) in fractures, and performing a theoretical analysis to obtain mathematical models describing fractured channels’ sealing. This work proposes a correlation between the pressure drop and the volumetric flow rate of fluid through fractures. To validate the model, a physical simulator collected fluid flow data and pressure drop in fractures with 2-mm, 5-mm, and 10-mm apertures and 1.02-m length. A blend of polymers and calcium borate was used in suspension in water viscosified with xanthan gum (XG). Density and rheological behavior tests were performed to characterize the studied fluids. The LCM had a bimodal particle-size distribution, and the formulated fluids had a Herschel-Bulkley rheological behavior. Pressure drop, flow rate, and rheological data were used to propose a correlation between pressure drop and volumetric flow rate through the fracture. The proposed correlation was used to monitor the sealing of fractures by calculating their hydraulic diameter throughout the sealing process. The LCM suspensions underwent filtration tests to observe the effects of sealing particles on the mudcake and filtrate volume. The proposed correlation fitted the experimental data with less than 10% deviation. The fracture hydraulic diameter was estimated using experimental data of volumetric flow rate and pressure drop, which made it possible to monitor the sealing process of fractures through time. The sealing and filtration tests showed that the borate and polymer blends are effective as filtration control agents and LCM.
Experimental Study of a Degradable Solid-Free Drill-In Fluid System and Its Reservoir Protection Mechanism
Authors: You Fuchang , Zeng Jia , Gong Chunwu , Shen Yanlai
Published: November 2023

The traditional drill-in fluid used to construct open holes does not mitigate problems that arise in subsequent completion operations and the risk of formation damage. In this work, a degradable solid-free drill-in fluid was designed with excellent direct flowback and degradation capabilities to reduce potential reservoir damage. A new type of viscosifier (XC-LT), as the key additive in the solid-free drill-in fluid, was prepared by modifying xanthan (XC) with maleic anhydride, and its phase transition temperature (Tm) was 20°C lower than that of XC alone. The XC-LT molecules in an aqueous solution were completely degraded after standing for 3 days, resulting in a clear solution with minimal residue. Additionally, in our proposed degradable solid-free drill-in fluid system, the stability of XC-LT could be improved significantly due to the existence of other additives, including filtrate reducer, monoethanolamine (MEA), potassium chloride (KCl), and sodium sulfite (Na2SO3). After aging for 3 days, the degradable solid-free drill-in fluid system constructed with XC-LT and other additives still had good rheological properties, and the rheological parameters, such as apparent viscosity (AV), plastic viscosity (PV), and yield point (YP), remained relatively stable, meeting the requirements for carrying cuttings in the drilling process. Its low shear rate viscosity (LSRV) was 30 900 mPa·s, and the system had good degradation performance after standing for a long time, which can reduce the flowback breakthrough pressure of oil and gas resources. The permeability recovery values (Kod/Ko) of the contaminated cores with the degradable solid-free drill-in fluid were greater than 94%, and the degraded drill-in fluid could fully flow back through the pore throats, reflecting an excellent reservoir protection performance. Finally, the degradable solid-free drill-in fluid system was applied to wells in the South China Sea. Compared with the adjacent wells using the solid-free drill-in fluid and gel-breaking fluid systems, the well production using our proposed degradable solid-free drill-in fluid system exceeded the anticipated production and was much greater than that of the adjacent wells. Our proposed degradable solid-free drill-in fluid system had good reservoir protection performance, and its application simplified the completion process.
Next Generation Thiazolyl Ketone Inhibitors of Cytosolic Phospholipase A2 α: from Synthesis to Chemotherapeutic Mechanism of Action
Authors: Johansen Berit , Ashcroft Felicity , Bourmpoula Asimina , Mahammad Nur , Barbayianni Efrosini , Feuerherm Astrid , Alevizopoulos Konstantinos , Dennis Edward , Kokotos George
Published: November 2023

Eicosanoids regulate the pathologies of inflammation and carcinogenesis and limiting their production by inhibiting group IVA cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2α) is a potential approach to cancer treatment. Here we report the synthesis of a new generation of thiazolyl ketone inhibitors of cPLA2α starting from compound GK470 (AVX235), and the discovery of a more potent and selective lead, GK420 (AVX420), with significant chemotherapeutic properties. A cancer cell line screen revealed the selective growth inhibitory effects of AVX420 in acute leukemias, uncovering a novel function of cPLA2α to promote cancer cell survival during oxidative stress by epigenetic control of tumour suppressor gene transcription. Moreover, we showed that in sensitive cells, AVX420 increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and instigated a transcriptional response resulting in cell death. Our study suggests AVX420 has the potential to treat acute leukemias, and other cancers with specific adaptations to a high ROS burden.
Addressing the sustainable urbanism paradox: tipping points for the operational reconciliation of dense and green morphologies.
Authors: Boutreux Thomas , Bourgeois Marc , Bellec Arnaud , Commeaux Fabien , Kaufmann Bernard
Published: November 2023

To improve living conditions of biodiversity and humans, urban forms must reconcile density with vegetation to meet the dual challenge of sustainability and liveability. This sustainable urbanism paradox is a dilemma for practitioners and researchers, stressing the crucial need for comprehensive analyses. Multi-family residential (MFR) housing could achieve balanced density-greening, proximity ecosystem services and people-biodiversity interactions, but meeting such objectives relies on finding balanced morphologies and metrics at the operational scale. Based on a systemic approach of 11,593 MFR plots in the Lyon metropolitan area (France), we identified critical tipping points in morphology and greening. Density explained 6% of plot greening, while open space ratio and open space greening explained 94%. Open space ratio >0.5 was found to be a tipping point to achieve sustainable green supply. Operational morphologies balancing density and greening were modelled and illustrated across building heights, providing guidelines for emerging regulatory tools in sustainable urban planning.
Dual Interstitials Doping to Advance PbSe Thermoelectric at Wide Temperatures
Authors: Xiao Yu , Xu Liqing , Wang Xiaoying , Gao Zhibin , Ding Xiangdong , Wang Yang
Published: November 2023

Interstitial doping has been widely verified in optimizing thermoelectric performance due to its carrier and phonon decoupling effect. To maximize the role of interstitial, this work develops a novel strategy of Pb and Cu dual interstitials doping in n-type Pb1.02Se-0.2%Cu, and a considerably improved average ZT value of 1.01 at 300–773 K can be achieved, which obviously outperforms previous single interstitial doped PbSe systems. Its superior thermoelectric performance mainly originates from optimally tuned carrier and phonon transport properties caused by synergy of Pb and Cu dual interstitials. Firstly, Pb and Cu dual interstitials in n-type Pb1.02Se-0.2%Cu can fully optimize temperature-dependent carrier density in the whole temperature range, from 1.27×1019 cm− 3 at 300 K to 3.90×1019 cm− 3 at 773 K, thus contributing to maximal power factor of 32.83 µW cm− 1 K− 2 and average power factor of 24.18 µW cm− 1 K− 2. Furthermore, Pb and Cu dual interstitials doping can cause hierarchical defects, including interstitials, vacancies, dislocations and precipitates, thus to largely lower the lattice thermal conductivity. As a result of the optimized electrical and thermal transport properties, the thermoelectric performance in n-type Pb1.02Se-0.2%Cu is largely enhanced at wide temperatures.
Study on Composite Material Drilling with Step Elliptical Sphere-Core Drill (SESCD)
Authors: Liao Shao-Sen , Liao Kang-Yu , Li Cheng-En , Lai Tsung-Yi , Tsao chung-chen
Published: November 2023

The increase in environmental awareness, energy saving and carbon reduction means that demand for advanced materials for high-tech industries is increasing. Composite materials are widely used in structural components for various industrial applications because they feature light weight, high strength, corrosion resistance and high durability. For final assembly processes for these composite material structural components (CMSCs), hole-drilling using a twist drill (TD) is a fast and inexpensive process. A step elliptical sphere-core drill (SESCD), which is a special compound drill, is composed of a TD and an elliptical sphere-core drill (ESCD). It prevents chip jamming and reduced thrust force at the exit hole better than a step sphere-core drill (SSCD. Studies also show that CMSCs can delaminate during drilling if the thrust force is too great. This study determines the difference in the critical thrust force (CTF) for a SESCD and a TD for drilling composite materials. The results show that the CTF for a SESCD is increased by ~75% if s>0.84 over that for a TD for various values of β (the ratio between the thickness of the ESCD (t) and the radius of the ESCD (c)). This design for a SESCD increases the drilling quality of composite materials and allows future tool innovation.
Behavioral health outcomes and social determinants of health in children with diabetes and juvenile arthritis
Authors: Lupini Francesca , Rubinstein Tamar B , Mackey Eleanor R , Sule Sangeeta
Published: November 2023

Objective: Children with chronic illnesses, including arthritis, are at increased risk for adverse psychosocial outcomes influenced by social determinants of health (SDOH). Comparing psychosocial outcomes in families affected by juvenile arthritis compared to other chronic illnesses may help identify areas in need of special attention vs areas that may be addressed through adopting other disease examples’ care models. We examined child and parent behavioral health outcomes for families with juvenile arthritis compared to diabetes, accounting for SDOH.
Methods Secondary data analysis of the National Survey of Children’s Health including 365 children (<18yrs) with arthritis and 571 children with diabetes. Psychosocial outcomes were depression, anxiety, ADHD, physical pain, behavioral problems, and treatment for mental health. School outcomes were school engagement, school absence, involvement in clubs/organization, and involvement in organized activities. Parent outcomes were family resilience, emotional support, coping with daily demands of raising a child, job change due to problems with childcare, and parent mental health. SDOH variables were food insecurity, food/cash assistance, unsafe neighborhood, detracting neighborhood elements, parent education, households earning <100% of the federal poverty line. Logistic regression analyses were utilized to examine variation in child and parent outcomes, variation in SDOH, and the role of SDOH.
Results Children with arthritis experienced significantly more physical pain, anxiety, depression, ADHD, and behavior problems compared to children with diabetes. Children with arthritis were more likely to see a mental health professional and get treatment for problems with emotions/behaviors. When considering SDOH, children with arthritis were still more likely to experience adverse psychosocial outcomes but were no longer more likely to get treatment. Children with arthritis had increased likelihood of school absence and were less involved in organized activities than children with diabetes. Parents of children with arthritis had poorer mental health than parents of children with diabetes. SDOH were more prevalent in children with arthritis than children with diabetes.
Conclusions Increased risk for adverse psychosocial outcomes in youth with arthritis compared to youth with diabetes indicates a need to mirror endocrinology models of care in rheumatology clinics. The role of SDOH highlights the need for regular SDOH screening in clinic.
Whole transcriptome RNA-Seq reveals drivers of pathological dysfunction in a transgenic model of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Potemkin Nikita , Cawood Sophie , Guévremont Diane , Mockett Bruce , Treece Jackson , Stanton Jo-Anne , Williams Joanna
Published: November 2023

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) affects more than 55 million people worldwide, yet current theories cannot fully explain its aetiology. Accordingly, gene expression profiling has been used to provide a holistic view of the biology underpinning AD. Focusing primarily on protein-coding genes, such approaches have highlighted a critical involvement of microglia-related inflammatory processes. Simultaneous investigation of transcriptional regulators and noncoding RNA (ncRNA) can offer further insight into AD biology and inform development of disease modifying therapies. We previously described a method for whole transcriptome sampling to simultaneously investigate protein-coding genes and ncRNA. Here, we use this technique to explore transcriptional changes in a murine model of AD (15-month-old APP/PS1 mice). We confirmed extensive involvement of microglia-associated genes and gene networks, consistent with literature. We also report a wealth of differentially-expressed non-coding RNA – including microRNA, long non-coding RNA, small nuclear and small nucleolar RNA, and pseudogenes – many of which have been overlooked previously. Transcription factor analysis determined that six transcription factors likely regulate gene expression changes in this model (Irf8, Junb, c-Fos, Lmo2, Runx1, and Nfe2l2). We then utilised validated miRNA-target interactions, finding 60 interactions between 15 miRNA and 42 mRNA (messenger RNA) with largely consistent directionality. Furthermore, we found that eight transcription factors (Clock, Lmo2, Runx1, Nfe2l2, Egr2, c-Fos, Junb, and Nr4a1) are likely responsible for the regulation of miRNA expression. Taken together, these data indicate a complex interplay of coding and non-coding RNA, driven by a small number of specific transcription factors, contributing to transcriptional changes in 15-month-old APP/PS1 mice.
Pathogenic taxa constitute a substantial portion of bat and wild bird fecal bacterial microbiota
Authors: Poosakkannu Anbu , Xu Yanjie , Suominen Kati , Meierhofer Melissa , Sørensen Iben , Madsen Jesper , Plaquin Betty , Guillemain Matthieu , Joyeux Emmanuel , Keiss Oskars , Lilley Thomas , Lehikoinen Aleksi , Pulliainen Arto
Published: November 2023

We report European-wide characteristics of fecal bacterial microbiota of four migratory vertebrates. The 351 sample PacBio dataset of almost the entire 16S rRNA gene on one bat (Pipistrellus nathusii) and three bird species (Turdus merula, Anas platyrhynchos, Columba palumbus) with 438,997 amplicon sequence variants assigned 3,277 bacterial species. Plant pathogens were frequently detected, in particular with bat, e.g., Erwinia persicina and Pseudomonas syringae. Also, >90% of the PacBio reads were assigned in 36 samples to genera having species pathogenic to human or animals, e.g., the well-known or emerging enteropathogens Campylobacter jejuni and Escherichia marmotae. We designate individuals of these 36 samples as pathogen bloomers, i.e., previously unknown high risk sources of pathogen spillover. Statistically, more pathogen PacBio reads were detected at higher latitudes and in younger age groups. The studied highly mobile vertebrates appear as a potential concern for human, animal and plant health across the European continent.
Robust design optimization of structures with multimodal responses using Taylor expansions
Authors: Kriegesmann Benedikt , Krüger Jan , Steltner Kai
Published: November 2023

This paper shows how a combination of multiple linear approximations can efficiently capture non-linear and non-smooth response functions in the framework of robust design optimization. The basic idea is to split the domain of random parameters into multiple subdomains along the hypersurfaces that cause discontinuities in the response. For each subdomain, a linear approximation is used to determine the stochastic moments of the response function due to the scatter in that subdomain. The total stochastic distribution of the structural response is considered to be a multimodal distribution, and its moments are composed from the approximations in the subdomains. The application to use cases shows that indeed the structural response is multimodal in these cases, and the stochastic moment approximations are sufficiently accurate using the proposed method.
Study on the mode of Elderly Tourism & Dwelling in Zhejiang traditional village based on push and pull theory
Authors: Li Ya
Published: November 2023

Against the backdrop of the aging population and the urgent need for protection and development of traditional villages, how to alleviate the pressure of urban elderly care and diversify the industries of tradition villages has become an important social issue that needs to be urgently studied. As a new type of elderly care, the elderly tourism & dwelling industry can not only effectively share the pressure of urban elderly care, but also promote the transformation and upgrading of traditional village industry and assist in the strategy of rural revitalization. This paper takes the push and pull theory as the research perspective, viewing the traditional village elderly tourism & dwelling industry as a push and pull process. Through the research on the typical traditional villages in Zhejiang, we analyzed the "push" of the city, the "pull" of the traditional villages, and the "intermediate obstacles" factors of the elderly tourism & dwelling industry. According to the push and pull theory, the relationship between elderly tourism & dwelling industry in rural areas and the protection of traditional villages is a dialectical unity. On the one hand, with the increasingly serious trend of urban aging and insufficient public resources in cities, forming urban push factors, on the other hand, traditional villages need to achieve diversified development with the help of the elderly tourism & dwelling industry, which forms the pull factor of traditional villages, while the intermediate obstacle factor gradually weakens with the influence of social development. On the basis of analyzing the push and pull factors, the SWOT analysis method is used to elaborate the opportunities and deficiencies faced by traditional villages in Zhejiang Province in developing the elderly tourism & dwelling industry, and put forward the development countermeasures, with a view to providing theoretical guidance for the development path and planning practice of the tourism and dwelling industry in Zhejiang Province.
Bioinformatic gene analysis for potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets of Parkinson's disease based on neutrophil extracellular traps
Authors: Wang Xueping , Gu Youquan , Liu Xiaoyan , Wang Qiang , Chen Xie , Chen Jun
Published: November 2023

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) provide key innate immune mechanisms, and studies have shown innate immunity and adaptive immunity are directly linked in Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathology. However, there are few studies on NETs in PD. Differential analysis was implemented to acquire differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between PD and Control, and between high- and low-score groups obtained by GSVA. Then, the DEGs between PD and Control groups, DEGs between the two score groups, and the genes in the critical module were overlapped to achieve the overlapping genes. Next, five kinds of algorithms in the PPI were performed to achieve biomarkers. Subsequently, a nomogram for forecasting PD probability was created. Enrichment analysis and immune infiltration analysis was conducted of biomarkers. qRT-PCR was performed to verify the expression trends of three biomarkers. Results shown there were 798 DEGs between PD and Control groups and 168 DEGs between high- and low-score groups obtained by differential analyses. The pink module containing 926 genes was identified as the critical module. According to the intersection, 43 overlapping genes were screened out. Furthermore, GPR78, CADM3, and CACNA1E were confirmed as biomarkers. Moreover, we found that biomarkers mainly participated in pathways, such as ‘hydrogen peroxide catabolic process’ and ‘cell cycle’. Five kinds of differential immune cells between PD and Control groups were identified. Finally, the qRT-PCR result showed that GPR78, CADM3, and CACNA1E all up-regulated in the PD group. Our study authenticated GPR78, CADM3, and CACNA1E as the biomarkers were associated with PD. It provides an original reference for the diagnosis and treatment of PD.
Inflammatory bowel disease and Pancreatitis: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Dai Qijie , Cen Jiepeng , Lu Weipeng , Ni Ziyan , Tao Heqing , Peng Liang
Published: November 2023

Background
Increasing reports about the association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and pancreatitis have suggested these years. Thus, a two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) study performed to evaluate the causal association between IBD and pancreatitis is necessary.
Methods
We performed univariate two-sample MR and respectively selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPS) associated with IBD, ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn's disease (CD), acute pancreatitis (AP), and chronic pancreatitis (CP) as instrumental variables (IV). The inverse-variance-weighted method (IVW), MR-Egger, weight mode, simple mode, and weighted median were used in MR analyses, among which IVW is the most important method. Subsequently, the Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, leave one-out analyses and funnel plot were used in the sensitivity analysis.
Results
Genetically predicted IBD was positively associated with risk of AP (odds ratio (OR) = 1.062; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 1.01 − 1.11; p = 0.007) and CP (OR = 1.06; 95% CI, 1.00 − 1.13; p = 0.04). Genetically determined UC was suggestively associated with AP (OR = 1.08; 95% CI, 1.03–1.13; p = 0.001), but not CP (OR = 1.00; p = 0.812), and likewise, genetically determined CD was positively correlated with AP (OR = 1.04; 95% CI, 1.00–1.08; p = 0.019), but not CP (OR = 1.04; p = 0.111). It was certified that the results were robust through sensitivity analyses.
Conclusion
Our results identified the causal relationship between IBD and AP/CP, as well as UC/CD and AP, which may influence clinical decisions on the management of IBD patients with pancreatic symptoms.
Task Difficulty Modulates the Effect of Eye Contact on Word Memory
Authors: Feng Xinghe , Hu Qiqi , Ye Chaoxiong , Hu Zhonghua
Published: November 2023

The influence of eye contact on memory has been a topic of extensive study, yet its effects remain ambiguous. This inconsistency may be attributed to the varying levels of task difficulty encountered during such research. To explore this possibility, our study employed a word memory task, integrating eye gaze, to examine how task difficulty (easy or difficult) modulates the effect of eye contact on word memory. 41 participants engaged in memory tasks under varying eye contact conditions. Our findings reveal a significant interaction between task difficulty and eye contact: for easy tasks, memory accuracy was lower with eye contact, whereas for difficult tasks, accuracy improved in the presence of eye contact. Intriguingly, this effect was predominantly observed in female participants. In easy tasks, eye contact appeared to hinder memory performance in females, while it enhanced performance in difficult tasks. These results suggest that the impact of eye contact on memory is not uniformly positive or negative but is contingent on task complexity and is influenced by gender differences. This study contributes new insights into the fluctuating effects of eye contact on memory, thereby enriching our understanding of the relationship between non-verbal social cues and cognitive processes.
Using targeted next-generation sequencing to diagnose severe pneumonia due to Tropheryma Whipplei and Human Metapneumovirus:a case report and literature review
Authors: Liu Fang , Yang Xuyong , Ouyang Chenghong , He Zhaohui , Yang Chunli , Yang Xiaogang
Published: November 2023

Background: In addition to the well-known Whipple’s disease (WD)，infection with Tropheryma whipplei(TW) can also lead to acute pneumonia, but due to the lack of specific clinical manifestations and diagnostic measures, diagnosing TW-related pneumonia is extremely difficult.
Clinical Presentation and Intervention: This is an elderly patient with multiple injuries caused by falling from a building, and was transferred to intensive care unit (ICU)for mechanical ventilation and empirical anti-infection treatment due to severe hospital-acquired pneumonia(HAP), and then the patient's bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) suggested TW and human metapneumovirus(HMPV) infection, and after switching to anti-infective therapy for TW, the patient was successfully extubated and transferred out of the ICU.
Conclusion: This is the first case that using tNGS to diagnose severe pneumonia caused by TW and HMPV. We hope that our study can serve as a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of related cases in the future.
Understanding the Determinants of Sweet Liking in the African and East Asian Ancestry Groups in the U.S. – A Study Protocol
Authors: Cheung May M , Hubert Patrice A , Reed Danielle R , Pouget Enrique R , Jiang Xinyin , Hwang Liang-Dar
Published: November 2023

Background
The liking for sweet taste is a powerful driver for consuming added sugars, and therefore, understanding how sweet liking is formed is a critical step in devising strategies to lower added sugars consumption. However, current research on the influence of genetic and environmental factors on sweet liking is mostly based on research conducted with individuals of European ancestry. Whether these results can be generalized to people of other ancestry groups warrants investigation.
Methods
We will determine the differences in allele frequencies in sweet-related genetic variants and their effects on sweet liking in 426 adults of either African or East Asian ancestry, who have the highest and lowest average added sugars intake, respectively, among ancestry groups in the U.S. We will collect information on participants’ sweet-liking phenotype, added sugars intake (sweetness exposure), anthropometric measures, place-of-birth, and for immigrants, duration of time living in the U.S. and age when immigrated. Ancestry-specific polygenic scores of sweet liking will be computed based on the effect sizes of the sweet-related genetic variants on the sweet-liking phenotype for each ancestry group. The predictive validity of the polygenic scores will be tested using individuals of African and East Asian ancestry from the UK Biobank. We will also compare sweet liking between U.S.-born individuals and immigrants within each ancestry group to test whether differences in environmental sweetness exposure during childhood affect sweet liking in adulthood.
Discussion
Expanding genetic research on taste to individuals from ancestry groups traditionally underrepresented in such research is consistent with equity goals in sensory and nutrition science. Findings from this study will help in the development of a more personalized nutrition approach for diverse populations.
Trial registration:
This protocol has been preregistered with the Center for Open Science (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/WPR9E) and is approved by the City University of New York Human Research Protection Program (IRB#: 2023-0064-Brooklyn).
Depression, Anxiety, and Anhedonia as Correlates of Distinct Family Functioning Domains among Adolescents
Authors: Nguyen Tram N. B. , Chance Aaron B. , Chase Emily , Rubinstein Tamar B. , Zayde Amanda , Roske Chloe , Mowrey Wenzhu , Gabbay Vilma
Published: November 2023

Background The bi-directional relationships between family dynamics and psychopathology have been documented, yet how aspects of family functioning relate to specific symptoms remains elusive. Such work is important in adolescence as it represents a vulnerable developmental period when psychiatric symptoms often emerge. Critically, most research on family functioning has focused on categorical clinical diagnoses and has not accounted for the inter-individual variability of symptom severity. Therefore, we aimed to study the associations between well-validated domains of family functioning and depression, anxiety, and anhedonia in youth using a dimensional approach. Methods We comprehensively evaluated 59 adolescents with diverse mood and anxiety symptoms and 17 controls with semi-structured diagnostic interviews and self-reported measures for depression, anxiety, and anticipatory and consummatory anhedonia. Adolescents’ perception of seven aspects of family life was assessed with the McMaster Family Assessment Device (FAD). Following bivariate assessments of associations between FAD subscales and symptom measures, linear regression models were employed to further investigate their relationships accounting for variations in age, sex, race, and ethnicity. Results were corrected for multiple comparisons. Results As hypothesized, more severe depression was implicated across most family domains, including Problem Solving, Communication, Roles, Affective Responsiveness, and General Functioning. Elevated anxiety was associated with worse family Problem Solving, Roles, and General Functioning. Interestingly, anhedonia showed no relationship with family domains following adjustment for multiple comparisons and depression severity, suggesting a different etiological pathway. Conclusions Our findings further support the intertwined relationships between family factors and adolescent mood processes and the need for specialized interventions addressing multiple family dimensions simultaneously.
‘QuickDASH’ to find Unique Genes and Biological Processes Associated with Shoulder Osteoarthritis: a prospective case-control study
Authors: Lynskey Samuel J. , Gill Stephen D. , McGee Sean L. , Ziemann Mark , Page Richard S.
Published: November 2023

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease of the synovial joint complex. A limited number of studies have directly investigated transcriptional changes in shoulder OA. Further, gene expression patterns of periarticular tissues in OA have not been thoroughly investigated. This prospective case control series details transcriptomic expression of shoulder OA by analysing periarticular tissues in patients undergoing shoulder replacement for OA as correlated with a validated patient reported outcome measure of worsening shoulder function, a higher (clinically worsening) QuickDASH score. We then compared transcriptomic expression profiles in capsular tissue biopsies from the OA group as compared to patients undergoing shoulder stabilisation for recurrent instability (the control group). Results indicated that top ranked genes associated with increasing QuickDASH score across all tissues involved inflammation and response to stress. These included interleukins, chemokines, complement components, nuclear response factors and immediate early response genes. Some of these genes were upregulated, and some downregulated, suggestive of a state of flux between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory signalling pathways. We have also described gene expression pathways in shoulder OA not previously identified in hip and knee OA, as well as novel genes involved in shoulder OA.
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester promotes oxaliplatin sensitization in colon cancer by inhibiting autophagy
Authors: Xing Fei , Liu Ning , Wang Can , Wang Xu-Dong
Published: November 2023

Colorectal cancer ranks as the third most prevalent form of cancer globally, with chemotherapy remaining the primary treatment modality. To mitigate drug resistance and minimize adverse effects associated with chemotherapy, selection of appropriate adjuvants assumes paramount importance. Caffeic acid phenyl ethyl(CAPE), a naturally occurring compound derived from propolis, exhibits a diverse array of biological activities. We observed that the addition of CAPE significantly augmented the drug sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to oxaliplatin. In SW480 and HCT116 cells, oxaliplatin combined with 10 µM CAPE reduced the IC50 of oxaliplatin from 12 and 80 µM to 2 and 4 µM, respectively. We then used proteomics to detect differentially expressed proteins in CAPE-treated SW480 cells and found that the main proteins showing changes in expression after CAPE treatment were SQSTM1 (p62) and MAP1LC3B (LC3B). Gene ontology analysis revealed that CAPE exerted antitumor and chemotherapy-sensitization effects through the autophagy pathway. We subsequently verified the differentially expressed proteins using immunoblotting. Simultaneously, the autophagy inhibitor bafilomycin A1 and an mCherry-EGFP-LC3 reporter gene were used as controls to detect the effect of CAPE on autophagy levels. Collectively, the results indicate that CAPE may exert antitumor and chemotherapy-sensitizing effects by inhibiting autophagy, offering novel insights for the development of potential chemosensitizing agents.
The Effect of Race and Area Deprivation on Symptom Profiles over the Course of Early-Stage Breast Cancer
Authors: Abujaradeh Hiba , O'Brien Julia , Mazanec Susan R. , Bender Catherine M. , Schlemmer Isabelle M. , Brufsky Adam M. , Nasrollahi Elham , Rosenzweig Margaret
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT
Purpose: This study compared common symptoms (fatigue, pain), overall physical functioning and changes over time between Black and White women receiving early-stage breast cancer (ESBC) chemotherapy.
Methods: A longitudinal, repeated measures comparative design was employed. Time points of symptom measurement (PROMIS domains) at baseline, mid and end point were adjusted as per patient chemotherapy schedule.
Analyses: Linear mixed models were applied.
Results: There were 147 patients, 36% Black 64% White (54±12 years) recommended to receive early-stage breast cancer chemotherapy with adequate data for symptom analysis.
Pain: Main effect of race was significant (F(1, 390) = 29.43, p<.001) for pain with Black patients experiencing significantly higher pain scores compared to White patients at pretherapy (Mean Difference; MD=3.7, p=.034), midpoint (MD=5.8, p=.002), and endpoint (MD=7.8, p<.001).
Fatigue: Fatigue significantly increased (deteriorated) at endpoint (MDT1-T3= 8.7, p<.001) for Black patients. Among White patients, fatigue significantly increased at midpoint (MDT1-T2= 5.7) and at endpoint (MDT1-T3=10.1, p<.001; MDT2-T3=4.3, p= .017). Physical function: Black patients had significantly lower physical function scores compared to White patients at midpoint (MD=4.0, p=.027). Physical function decreased by endpoint in Black (MDT1-T3=7.8, p<.001), and White patients (MDT1-T3=7.7, p<.001).
Conclusion: Symptom burden significantly increased over the course of chemotherapy for all patients. Scores for pain and physical function were higher overall for Black patients and deteriorated at a greater rate for Black vs. White women over the course of chemotherapy. This assessment holds implication for proactive assessment and mitigation strategies.