bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pandemi Kaygısı ile Anne Bebek Bağlanması ve Postpartum Depresyon Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: Karslı Serap , Yılar Erkek Zümrüt
Published: August 2024

Amaç: Pandemi kaygısı ile anne bebek bağlanması ve postpartum depresyon arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek amacıyla yapılan araştırma tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı tipte dizayn edilmiştir.
Materyal-Metod: Araştırma aile sağlığı merkezlerinde Ocak 2022- Nisan 2022 tarihleri arasında 413 anne ile yapılmıştır. Araştırma verileri Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu (TBF), Edinburgh Doğum Sonrası Depresyon Ölçeği (EDDÖ), Anne-Bebek Bağlanma Ölçeği (ABBÖ) ve Koronavirüs Anksiyete Ölçeği (KAÖ) kullanılarak toplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırma da annelerin EDDÖ puan ortalaması 11.85±6.86, ABBÖ puan ortalaması 3.48±3.92 ve KAÖ puan ortalaması 3.77±5.18 olarak bulunmuştur. KAÖ’nin kesim puanı ≥ 5 alındığında annlerin %32’sinin; ≥9 alındığında ise %18.2’sinin koronavirüs anksiyetesine sahip olduğu; EDDÖ kesme noktasına göre (12) annelerin %52.1’inin pospartum depresyon açısından risk altında olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmada annelerin KAÖ ile EDDÖ ve ABBÖ puan ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve pozitif yönde zayıf bir ilişki bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Araştırmada; annelerin az bir kısmının koronavirüs anksiyetesi yaşadığı, pospartum depresyon açısından yarısından fazlasının risk altında olduğu ve maternal bağlanma düzeylerinin iyi olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca annelerin pandemi kaygılarının postpartum depresyon risk oranlarını ve maternal bağlanma problem düzeyini artırdığı belirlenmiştir. İleriye yönelik ortaya çıkabilecek salgın durumlarında annelerin anksiyete, postpartum depresyon ve maternal bağlanma süreçlerine yönelik çalışma sonuçları değerlendirilerek yaşanan aksaklıkların önlenmesi için özellikle sağlık profesyonellerine yönelik uygun politikalar oluşturulmalıdır.
Polarized and pyramidal training intensity distributions in distance running: an integrative literature review
Authors: Kelemen Bence , Benczenleitner Ottó , Tóth László
Published: August 2024

This study aims to investigate the differences and similarities between the polarized and pyramid-intensity training methods described in the literature as the most typical training methods for elite international distance runners (1500- 10,000 m). Material and Methods: 26 literature articles analyzing the training intensity distribution of international distance runners were found after a review of internet databases. Results: In both training methods, elite track runners cover an average of 120-180 km per week, 75-80% of which is done at low intensity, below the aerobic threshold (vLT1). In the pyramid method, runners perform interval or continuous tempo running workouts at speeds below the anaerobic threshold (vLT2) on average 2-4 times per week. In contrast, in the polarized intensity distribution, interval training is performed on average 1 time per week above the anaerobic threshold at 90% of vVo2max. Intensities near race speed are performed as short intervals (< 800m) during the base period. Conclusions: The training of modern distance runners is characterized by an emphasis on the development of aerobic capacity, achieved primarily through high amounts of low-intensity work and 1-4 anaerobic threshold training sessions per week. Athletes use short intervals and short sprints to maintain their anaerobic abilities and their coordination at race speed. They start using longer, intensive race-specific work in the period leading up to races. During the racing season, runners maintain endurance with a significant amount of low-intensity running and less pronounced anaerobic threshold training.
Determinants of Citizens’ Intention to Participate in Self-Led Contact Tracing: Cross-Sectional Online Questionnaire Study
Authors: Helms Yannick Bernd , van der Meer Akke , Crutzen Rik , Ferreira José António , Kretzschmar Mirjam E E , Timen Aura , Hamdiui Nora , Stein Mart L
Published: August 2024

Background

Contact tracing (CT) is a key intervention to contain outbreaks of communicable diseases. During large-scale outbreaks, public health services may lack the resources required to perform CT effectively. One way of mitigating this issue is to shift some of the tasks in CT normally performed by public health services to cases and their contacts, supported by digital tools. We refer to this as “self-led CT.” However, while the effectiveness of the self-led CT inherently depends on the willingness and skills of citizens to participate, the determinants of citizens’ intention to participate in self-led CT are not yet fully understood.

Objective

We aimed to identify determinants of Dutch citizens’ intention to participate in self-led CT and assess their potential for behavioral change, so as to identify “behavior change targets,” which may be used in the development and implementation of self-led CT to increase citizens’ intention to participate.

Methods

In March 2022, we performed an online cross-sectional questionnaire study. The questionnaire was developed based on findings from a previous exploratory semistructured interview study and distributed among a Dutch consumer panel. Using all questionnaire items as potential predictors, we performed a random forest analysis to identify determinants of citizens’ intention to participate in self-led CT. We then performed an Agglomerative Hierarchical Cluster Analysis to identify groups of related determinants that may be considered overarching behavior change targets. Finally, we used Confidence Interval-Based Estimation of Relevance and calculated the Potential for Change Indices to compare the potential for behavioral change of the selected individual determinants and determinant clusters.

Results

The questionnaire was completed by 3019 respondents. Our sample is representative of the Dutch population in terms of age, gender, educational level, and area of residence. Out of 3019 respondents, 2295 (76%) had a positive intention to participate in self-led CT. We identified 20 determinants of citizens’ intention that we grouped into 9 clusters. In general, increasing citizens’ trust in the digital tools developed for self-led CT has the highest potential to increase citizens’ intention, followed by increasing the belief that using digital tools makes participating in self-led CT easier, reducing privacy-related concerns, and increasing citizens’ willingness—and sense of responsibility—to cooperate in CT in general.

Conclusions

Overall, Dutch citizens are positive toward participating in self-led CT. Our results provide directions for the development and implementation of self-led CT, which may be particularly useful in preparing for future, large-scale outbreaks.
Risk Perception and Knowledge Following a Social Game–Based Tobacco Prevention Program for Adolescents: Pilot Randomized Comparative Trial
Authors: Khalil Georges , Ramirez Erica , Khan Meerah , Zhao Bairu , Ribeiro Nuno , Balian Patrick
Published: August 2024

Background

Adolescence is a critical developmental stage that is particularly vulnerable to the initiation of tobacco use. Despite the well-documented health risks associated with tobacco use, it remains prevalent among adolescents. Games for health are a promising strategy for tobacco prevention, using experiential and social learning theories to enhance engagement and improve behavior change.

Objective

This pilot study aims to (1) compare the social game–based program Storm-Heroes to a nonsocial program regarding adolescents’ personal and social experiences and (2) examine how these experiences predict higher tobacco knowledge and perceived risks of vaping and conventional tobacco use.

Methods

In a cluster-randomized comparative design, 4 after-school sites (N=79 adolescents) were recruited in person and randomized in a single-blinded format to 1 of 2 interventions: the social game Storm-Heroes (44/79, 56%) or the nonsocial program A Smoking Prevention Interactive Experience (ASPIRE; 35/79, 44%). A study team member supervised both interventions. Data were collected at baseline, immediate follow-up, and a 1.5-month follow-up (45/74, 61% retained). Repeated measures mixed effects models were conducted.

Results

A total of 45 participants continued until the 1.5-month follow-up. Participants in the Strom-Heroes group were more likely to increase their perceived risk of vaping (B=0.40; P<.001), perceived risk of conventional tobacco use (B=0.35; P=.046), and tobacco knowledge (B=1.63; P<.001) than those in the control condition. The usability level of the program was related to a higher perceived risk of vaping (B=0.16; P=.003) and conventional tobacco use (B=0.16; P=.02) by follow-up. Attention to the program was also related to higher perceived risk of vaping (B=0.12; P=.002) and conventional tobacco use (B=0.14; P<.001). Distraction was not related to either perceived risk of vaping (P=.15) or perceived risk of conventional tobacco use (P=.71). In contrast, both more attention (B=0.60; P<.001) and less distraction (B=–0.37; P<.001) were related to higher tobacco knowledge.

Conclusions

The increased perceived risk of vaping and conventional tobacco among Storm-Heroes participants aligns with the program’s goals of improving participants’ awareness of the risks associated with tobacco use and their tobacco knowledge. However, distraction weakened the effect of the program on tobacco knowledge, indicating that emphasis needs to be placed on minimizing distraction for better outcomes. With the results of this study, researchers can work to advance the current version of Storm-Heroes and amplify engagement in the program to improve its potential for preventing adolescents’ initiation of tobacco use.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02703597; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02703597
Artificial Intelligence for Sexual, Reproductive and Maternal Health: A Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Saban Martín , Zavala Melina Denise , Rubinstein Adolfo , Esteban Santiago , Lopez Analía , Cejas Cintia
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

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OBJECTIVE

To survey and analyze the applications of artificial intelligence tools in the field of sexual, reproductive and maternal health in Latin America and the Caribbean.

METHODS

A scoping review was conducted using the methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley and the PRISMA statement for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses, extension for Scoping Reviews. The search was carried out in PubMed, Scielo, Cochrane and Lilacs.

RESULTS

Of the 1,518 articles identified, 143 were included and analyzed. The review evidences the predominant focus of artificial intelligence for prenatal, childbirth, and postnatal care, as well as in the prevention, detection, and treatment of cancers of the reproductive organs. The tools mainly use machine learning and deep learning techniques, and are in different stages of development: 48% represent exploratory projects, 17% are operational tools but do not have a results report, and 35% are projects implemented in real contexts and provide evidence of the effectiveness of the tools used.

CONCLUSIONS

The need to diversify the applications of artificial intelligence in essential sexual, reproductive and maternal health services and ensure the inclusion of diverse populations to ensure equitable and effective access to them is highlighted

CLINICALTRIAL
Machine-Learning Predictive Tool for the Individualized Prediction of Outcomes of Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Sickle Cell Disease: A Registry Based Study (Preprint)
Authors: Chandrashekar Rajagopalan , Kane Michael , Krishnamurti Lakshmanan
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Disease-modifying therapies ameliorate disease severity of sickle cell disease (SCD), but hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) and more recently autologous gene therapy are the only treatments that have curative potential for sickle cell disease (SCD). While registry-based studies provide population-level estimates they do not address the uncertainty regarding individual outcomes of HCT. Computational machine learning (ML) has the potential to identify generalizable predictive patterns and quantify uncertainty in estimates thereby improving clinical decision-making. There is no existing ML Model for SCD and ML models for HCT for other diseases focus on single outcomes rather than all relevant outcomes.

OBJECTIVE

Address the existing knowledge gap by developing, and validating an individualized ML-prediction model, sickle cell predicting outcomes of hematopoietic cell transplantation (SPRIGHT), incorporating multiple relevant pre-HCT features to make predictions of key post-HCT clinical outcomes.

METHODS

We applied a supervised random forest ML model to clinical parameters in a de-identified CIBMTR dataset of 1641 patients who underwent HCT 1991-2021 and followed for a median of 47.8 months (0.3-312.9). We applied forward and reverse feature selection methods to optimize a set of predictive variables. To counter the imbalance bias towards predicting positive outcomes due to the small number of negative outcomes we constructed a training dataset taking each outcome variable of interest, and performed a two-times repeated 10-fold Cross-Validation. SPRIGHT a web-based individualized prediction tool accessible by smartphone, tablet, or personal computer. It incorporates predictive variables of age, age group, Karnofsky/Lansky score, co-morbidity index, recipient CMV seropositivity, history of ACS, need for exchange transfusion, occurrence and frequency of vasocclusive crisis (VOC) before HCT, and either a published or custom chemotherapy/radiation conditioning, serotherapy, and GVHD prophylaxis. SPRIGHT makes individualized predictions of overall survival (OS), Event Free Survival (EFS), Graft Failure (GF), acute graft versus host disease (AGVHD), chronic graft versus host disease (CGVHD), occurrence of VOC or stroke post-HCT.

RESULTS

A web-based ML- prediction tool predicts key outcomes of HCT for SCD based on multiple clinically relevant predictors and has potential use in shared decision-making.

CONCLUSIONS

A web-based ML- -prediction tool predicts key outcomes of HCT for SCD based on multiple clinically relevant predictors and has potential use in shared decision-making.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not Applicable. This is not a clinical trial
“I mean, we live on an island and need to be self-sufficient, even with research” Patients' and healthcare professionals' views on participation in clinical studies in primary health care in a sparsely populated region: a qualitative study (Preprint)
Authors: Leksell Janeth
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

A recently published study in Finland, Norway, and Sweden found that mortality rates are higher in rural areas compared to urban regions, with this difference increasing over time. The goal is to foster a dynamic research culture in healthcare that specifically targets improving health outcomes in rural populations. This entails addressing the unique health challenges faced by these areas and increasing research efforts, which are often neglected by larger research centers. A strong research culture requires established networks, funding, technology use, and collaborative methodologies. Challenges include a lack of understanding of the factors that contribute to success and under representation of rural populations in research.

OBJECTIVE

The overall aim of the study is, through focus group interviews, to get the views of patients with type 2 diabetes, physicians, and nurses on participation in clinical trials in primary care in a sparsely populated region.

METHODS

Design A qualitative descriptive study conducted between the dates March 2022 to March 2023 using a semi-structured interview format for focus groups interviews. The study employed inductive qualitative content analysis to analyse transcribed audio recordings from the interviews.
Setting Primary care on the island of Gotland, Sweden.
Participants We consecutively invited patients with type 2 diabetes who participate in the primary care-based clinical drug trial SMARTEST and live in a rural, sparsely populated area. In this sub study, nineteen patients and, in addition, one primary care physician and two registered nurses from the local primary healthcare centre were subsequently interviewed.

RESULTS

The findings of this study yielded the theme: Bridging Perspectives: Engaging Patients and Professionals in Diabetes Research, with two main categories, namely "Unlocking the Potential of Rural Research – with a Spotlight on the SMARTEST Study" and "Dimensions of Engagement in Diabetes Research from the Health Professional's View." The first category encompassed five sub-categories that emerged, providing insights into the patients' viewpoints and opinions. The second category, derived from interviews conducted with healthcare professionals specialising in the field of diabetes, identified five sub-categories.

CONCLUSIONS

Conclusion These findings collectively underscore the significance of diabetes research in rural settings, emphasising the need for inclusive approaches that address patient perspectives, promote collaboration, and enhance research infrastructure. In addition, the results from the present study may have implications for primary care research within other chronic diseases.

CLINICALTRIAL

(Clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT03982381, EudraCT 2019-001046-17).
Electronic Medical Records in Primary Health Care Facilities
Authors: Nurrahma Alya Nabila , Larasati TA , Kurniati Intanri , Pramesona Bayu Anggileo
Published: August 2024

Background: Medical records are an important element in the process of health care in health facilities. Several primary health facilities have used electronic-based medical records to improve service quality. Electronic medical records are patient medical records in electronic form that include health information of an individual that can be accessed using a computer from a network to provide effective, efficient, and integrated health services. The purpose of the study was to determine the development of the use of electronic medical records in primary healthcare facilities in Indonesia with a systematic review before the mandatory use of electronic medical records in Indonesia. Methods: This research is a systematic literature review of the use of electronic medical records in primary health facilities. Researchers searched the literature on google scholar with the keyword electronic medical records and obtained a total of 60 articles, 4 of which were inaccessible, 40 articles were not conducted in primary health facilities, and 3 articles do not contain the aspect we look for so only 13 articles were used in literature studies. Results: The implementation of medical records is carried out by all health workers who provide services from registration, triage, clinical examination, treatment, and drug prescribing. Medical record data is distributed automatically by computer. Health workers have different electronic medical record display menus according to their duties. Conclusions: The implementation of electronic medical records in primary health facilities can be carried out by medical recorders and non-medical health workers who are trained and has a different electronic medical record display menu in each service flow.
METHADONE VERSUS BUPRENORPHINE: TO STUDY THE EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMPARE THE TREATMENT OUTCOME AS IN RETENTION RATE BETWEEN METHADONE AND BUPRENORPHINE TAKING OPIOID DEPENDENT PATIENTS FROM OST CENTER
Authors: RAJIV ARORA  , SHINY DEHAL  , NEERU BALA  , KHUSHBINDER SINGH  , HARSHPREET SINGH
Published: August 2024

Objectives: The objective is to study sociodemographic profile and compare retention rate between methadone and buprenorphine (BPN) taking opioid-dependent patients from opioid substitution therapy (OST) centers.
Methods: Two hundred patients, 100 each on methadone and BPN already taking treatment from OST center under the Department of Psychiatry, GMC Amritsar and Civil Hospital, Kapurthala, were studied. The precise aim of the interview and the nature of the study were explained to the enrolled patients and patients were reassured about the confidentiality of the information given. In this 1-year study, patients were followed up at 3, 6 and 9 months and compared to find the drug associated with higher patient retention on treatment. Hence, establishing which drug is more effective in treatment adherence.
Results: The majority of patients, that is, about 80% in the BPN group and 93% in the methadone group were below 40 years of age. In the BPN group, 70% of subjects were married persons (70%) compared to 74% in the methadone group. Most patients in both groups were educated up to 10th and 12th standards. Most of the patients in both groups had duration of substance dependence between 5 and 10 years. In the BPN group, 51% of participants had previously attempted some treatment for drug abuse while in the methadone group, 57% had attempted the same.
Conclusion: After comparing the retention between the two drug groups, no statistically significant difference was found.
TO REPORT A CASE OF UNILATERAL PAPILLITIS IN A YOUNG FEMALE
Authors: VIPUL SIDHARTH  , REENA KUMARI  , DINESH KUMAR BHAGAT
Published: August 2024

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to report a case of unilateral papillitis in a young female.
Methods: A 13-year-old girl presented in our outpatient department with sudden, painful, and progressive diminution of vision in the left eye for the past 7 days. The best-corrected visual acuity in R/E was 6/6 and in L/E was FC 5 m. On slit-lamp examination of the anterior segment, RAPD was present in L/E and rest findings were within normal limits. Fundus examination of R/E was within normal limits and of L/E – blurred disc margin, elevated disc, hyperemic disc, flame-shaped hemorrhages along superior arcuate vessels, retinal vessels were tortuous and foveal reflex was present. The case was evaluated with optical coherence tomography, Goldmann applanation tonometer, and color vision test (Ishihara test). Ocular movements were at full range.
Results: Retinal imaging of L/E showed blurred disc margin, elevated disc, hyperemic disc, flame-shaped hemorrhages, tortuous retinal vessels, and foveal reflex present and of R/E, CD ratio – 0.3, retinal vessels – normal, and foveal reflex – present. Intraocular pressure on Goldmann applanation
tonometer was 16 mmHg in R/E and 18 mmHg in L/E. A color vision test showed severely impaired color vision in her L/E.
Conclusion: Papillitis refers to the involvement of the optic disc in inflammatory and demyelinating disorders of the optic nerve. The patient was counseled regarding the nature of lesion and rare incidence of complications such as postneuritic optic atrophy leading to complete blindness in case of a recurrent attack of papillitis. Optic neuritis treatment trial was started and significant improvement in visual acuity and fundus findings were seen.
Análisis de vacíos y omisiones en la conservación de los tipos de vegetación de Nuevo León, México
Authors: Cantú Ayala César
Published: August 2024

En este artículo se detallan los vacíos y omisiones en conservación (GAP) de los tipos de vegetación en las 43 áreas naturales protegidas (ANP) y 10 ANP propuestas para Nuevo León, cuya extensión total es de 2,059,730 ha, lo cual representa el 32.1% del territorio estatal. Para ello, se determinó el grado de representatividad de los tipos de vegetación primaria en las actuales ANP y 10 ANP propuestas con base a las regiones de montaña y lomeríos (pendientes > 5 grados), la vegetación primaria y los sitios de prioridad extrema para la conservación de la biodiversidad, excluyendo las áreas con asentamientos humanos. Los tres tipos de vegetación natural de condición primaria que son vacíos en conservación en las actuales ANP de Nuevo León, son: bosque de galería, pastizal halófilo y matorral crasicaule. Con la incorporación de las 10 ANP propuestas a las ya existentes, sólo quedaría el bosque de galería como vacío en conservación y seis de los 22 tipos de vegetación del Estado como omisiones en conservación. Los restantes 14 tipos de vegetación están representados por encima del 30% en ANP. Se concluye que es necesario dotar a las ANP de los medios suficientes que permitan implementar las acciones de conservación.
Árboles sagrados de Cuauhtémoc, Ciudad De México. Entre el olvido y la disputa por el poder
Authors: López Cabello Moisés , Mendieta Ramírez Araceli
Published: August 2024

¿Qué puede decirnos un árbol en un paisaje constantemente colonizado como es el Valle de México? La vocación lacustre de algunas especies de árboles como el Taxodium mucronatum (Ahuehuete) y Salix bonplandiana (Ahuejote) son un testimonio que obliga a adentrarse en la memoria colectiva y conectar pasado con presente. Esta memoria, aunque dislocada por los componentes del paisaje, como la vegetación, la fauna, el relieve, cauces de agua perennes, por señalar algunos, contiene los restos de un paisaje que permanece en el imaginario. Por ello, para este trabajo, se seleccionaron algunas especies lacustres que cohabitan en las calles de la Alcaldía Cuauhtémoc, en la Ciudad de México. Estas especies son un componente biocultural casi extinto en el paisaje de dicho territorio, mismo que conserva similitudes con la traza de la antigua Ciudad de México-Tenochtitlan. La gestión del arbolado en la Ciudad se encuentra inmersa en un conflicto complejo, no sólo por la presencia de enfermedades, sino porque, además, no existe un enfoque sustentable que permita analizar estos organismos desde campos de estudio alternativos como puede ser la antropología. La aplicación de normas es el instrumento principal de legitimación de las intervenciones en arboles; sin embargo, dichas normas han generado daño al arbolado, lo cual se agrega a los constantes conflictos de poder por controlar las estructuras del Estado.
La gestión del arbolado en la Ciudad se encuentra inmersa en un conflicto complejo, no solo por la presencia de enfermedades, sino además no existe un enfoque sustentable que permita analizar a estos organismos desde otros campos de estudio alternativos como la antropología. La aplicación de normas es el instrumento principal de legitimación, sin embargo, ha generado daños al arbolado, aunado a los constantes conflictos de poder por controlar las estructuras del estado.
The Effects of PBL-based Health Assessment on Critical Thinking, Problem-solving Ability, and Self-directed Learning Ability of Nursing Students
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim Wol Ju , Kim Seon Young
Published: August 2024

Objectives This study aimed to develop and validate the effectiveness of a PBL-based health assessment practice education program for enhancing critical thinking, problem-solving, and self-directed learning skills among nursing students.
Methods The study involved 48 first-year nursing students in P City, and was conducted from August to December 2021. The experimental group received the PBL-based health assessment practice education program, totaling 39 hours over 13 sessions (3 hours each). The program's impact was measured using the same questionnaire administered before and after PBL-based learning.
Results Following the implementation of the PBL-based health assessment training program, critical thinking increased significantly from 3.62±0.35 to 4.06±0.67 points (t=-4.28, p<.001), problem-solving ability from 3.46±0.39 to 3.93±0.73 points (t=-3.87, p<.001), and self-directed learning ability rose significantly from 3.32±0.33 to 3.80±0.77 points (t=-3.56, p<001).
Conclusions PBL-based health assessment practice education effectively enhances critical thinking, problem-solving, and self-directed learning abilities among nursing students.
Assocations between fruit intake frequency, sociodemographic characteristics, health behaviors, and dietary habits in Korean adolescents: Based on the 17th(2021) Korean Youth Risk Behavior Survey
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Choe Yurim , Kye Seunghee
Published: August 2024

Objectives This study aimed to determine the influencing factors of fruit intake frequency in Korean adolescents in association with sociodemographic characteristics, health behaviors, and dietary habits.
Methods The data of 54,848 adolescents who participated in the 2021 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey were analyzed. The factors associated with fruit intake frequency in adolescents were examined using logistic regression analysis, while age, sex, parents’ educational level, household income, residential area, and weight were adjusted.
Results Fruit intake frequency was lower in men than in women and high school students than in middle school students. With increased mother’s educational level, household income, and subjective academic achievement, fruit intake frequency increased, while the frequency was low in students living in cities than those in provinces. With increased subjective health status, fruit intake frequency increased. With smoking and alcohol drinking, fruit intake frequency was low. Fruit intake frequency was low in obese or overweight students compared to low-weight students, whereas the frequency was high in students performing mid- and high-intensity physical activities. Fruit intake frequency was low in students skipping breakfast ≥ 5 times weekly, whereas it was high in students drinking sweetened drinks ≥ 3 times weekly. Daily water intake ≥800 mL or the experience of school nutrition education led to higher probability of fruit intake.
Conclusions Based on the study findings, various programs and efficient policies should be developed to promote the fruit intake in adolescents.
Research on the development and application of an inquiry community- based critical literacy education program
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kang JiHa , Choi InJa
Published: August 2024

Objectives This study aims to develop and implement a programme for critical literacy education based on an inquisitive community and examine the changes in students.
Methods Five elementary school students were selected to participate in the study, representing a heterogeneous group with gender and age differences. An inquisitive community-based critical literacy education programme was developed and applied for a total of 10 weeks on the topics of family, appearance, friends, gender roles, stereotypes, multiculturalism, parents, academics, and careers, taking into account students' cultural capital.
Results As a result of the application, first, there was a change in critical literacy ability to recognise power structures and social issues embedded in texts and to seek action for socio-cultural practice; second, there was a change in receptive attitudes, where community members respect each other's opinions in horizontal relationships; and third, there was a change in inquisitive dialogue ability, where they engage in dialogue not only with others but also with texts, moving in and out of texts. Finally, a change in values was observed, moving away from a fixed dichotomy of one set of values to a more flexible set of values, accepting the diverse values of others.
Conclusions These results suggest that critical literacy education is feasible for elementary school students if topics and texts are selected that take into account students' cultural capital, and if the programme is adapted to their level. Furthermore, critical literacy education is best suited to inquiry communities, where problem-solving and action are developed through a process of inquisitive dialogue among community members.
A longitudinal study on the factors influencing college life satisfaction: The moderating effects of school activities and language skills
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee Yena , Om Hye Rang
Published: August 2024

Objectives This study analyzed the longitudinal change trends in satisfaction with college life and the role of college life and language skills through a latent growth model analysis using longitudinal data of college students.
Methods The potential growth model is a model that identifies future growth potential by identifying the amount of change in the value over time. In this study, data from the Korean Educational Longitudinal Study established by the Korea Educational Development Institute were used and the potential growth model was used to determine the level of satisfaction with college life. The influence of variables affecting change and satisfaction was analyzed.
Results Satisfaction with college life generally shows a downward trend as the grades increase, with a particularly large decrease in the final grade. In the case of English grades, it was found to have no significant effect on satisfaction with college life in each section by grade, and in the case of club activities, it was found to be only limited to lower grades.
Conclusions The value of this study is that it is the first study to show that the positive effects of language skills and club activities on satisfaction with college life can vary depending on the grade, showing the need for university policies to increase student satisfaction by grade.
A study on infants and young children teachers’ play support using IPA analysis
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kang Min-Jung , Han Sun-Ah
Published: August 2024

Objectives The purpose of this study is to derive implications for improving play support in future educational settings through an IPA matrix analysis of the importance and implementation level of teachers' play support as perceived by infants and young children teachers.
Methods For this purpose, a survey was conducted targeting 254 infants and young children teachers at kindergardens and daycare centers located in cities B and D. The collected data were analyzed using paired-sample t-test and IPA (Importance-Performance Analysis) techniques.
Results First, the area with the greatest difference in importance and implementation of play support was the play space. Second, as a result of the IPA analysis, there were 14 items (56%) in the area of continuous maintenance strengths, 1 item (4.0%) in the area of improvement efforts, 7 items (28%) in the area of long-term improvement requirements, and 3 items (12%) in the 4th quadrant was distributed. The item that requires intensive improvement efforts to support desirable play was ‘Ask open-ended questions to help infants and young children expand their thoughts and thinking during the play process’ in the interaction area. And all four items of the play space area were located in the third quadrant, which requires long-term improvement.
Conclusions This suggests that future improvements are needed to enable infants and young children teachers in the field to increase their level of implementation when supporting play, and it can be used as basic data to support infants and young children teachers who practice play-centered education in the future.
Developing a 5-minute meditation program for adolescents based on mindfulness and self-compassion and verifying their effectiveness: Focusing on anxiety and subjective well-being
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim Nayeon , Seo Wangmo , Park Guyri
Published: August 2024

Objectives The purpose of this study is to develop a youth meditation program based on mindfulness and self-compassion, and to verify the effectiveness of the developed program.
Methods To this end, the mental and physical development characteristics of adolescents and the emotional difficulties they face were explored through prior research, and prior studies related to mindfulness and self-compassion were considered as key theories of youth meditation programs. In addition, advice on the composition of the program was obtained from an advisory group composed of school counselors and meditation guidance teachers in middle and high schools. Based on prior research and advice, the purpose and objective of the program, and the specific content and method of progress of the program were determined. The developed program secured validity based on the review of seven meditation and psychological counseling experts and developed the final program after some revisions. To verify the effectiveness of the developed program, 65 middle and high school students in Seoul, and the 20-term program was applied only to the experimental group. After that, anxiety and subjective well-being questionnaire tests were conducted before and after to verify the effectiveness. In addition, independent sample t-test was conducted to verify the prior homogeneity of major variables, and covariance analysis was conducted to verify the effectiveness of the program.
Results As a result of the study, significant differences were found between the experimental group and the control group in all 2 sub-factors of anxiety (characteristic anxiety, state anxiety) and 3 sub-factors of subjective well-being (satisfaction, positive emotion, and negative emotion). Through this, it can be seen that the adolescents’ meditation program developed in this study is effective in lowering adolescents' anxiety and increasing their subjective well-being.
Conclusions It is expected that the youth five-minute meditation program based on mindfulness and self-compassion can help adolescents' mental health and well-being.
Measurement-efficient quantum Krylov subspace diagonalisation
Authors: Zhang Zongkang , Wang Anbang , Xu Xiaosi , Li Ying
Published: August 2024

The Krylov subspace methods, being one category of the most important classical numerical methods for linear algebra problems, can be much more powerful when generalised to quantum computing. However, quantum Krylov subspace algorithms are prone to errors due to inevitable statistical fluctuations in quantum measurements. To address this problem, we develop a general theoretical framework to analyse the statistical error and measurement cost. Based on the framework, we propose a quantum algorithm to construct the Hamiltonian-power Krylov subspace that can minimise the measurement cost. In our algorithm, the product of power and Gaussian functions of the Hamiltonian is expressed as an integral of the real-time evolution, such that it can be evaluated on a quantum computer. We compare our algorithm with other established quantum Krylov subspace algorithms in solving two prominent examples. To achieve an error comparable to that of the classical Lanczos algorithm at the same subspace dimension, our algorithm typically requires orders of magnitude fewer measurements than others. Such an improvement can be attributed to the reduced cost of composing projectors onto the ground state. These results show that our algorithm is exceptionally robust to statistical fluctuations and promising for practical applications.
Tras las huellas de los chibchas de los Andes Orientales de Colombia
Authors: Rodríguez Cuenca José Vicente
Published: August 2024

Tras las huellas de los chibchas de los Andes Orientales de Colombia reúne amplia información arqueológica, bioantropológica, etnohistórica, etnográfica, genética y paleoecológica sobre los orígenes y posterior transformación de las sociedades que ocuparon esta región, desde su arribo a finales del Pleistoceno como cazadores-recolectores de tipo paleoamericano, hasta la conformación de una gran diversidad de pueblos y culturas. Si bien estos compartían una lengua protochibcha, se diversificaron —debido tanto a las diferencias en cuanto a la ruta y tiempo de ingreso a la cordillera Oriental, como por el efecto de procesos locales— hasta conformar las sociedades chitarero, guane, lache y muisca que conocieron los europeos en el siglo XVI, las cuales se redujeron demográficamente por el embate de los maltratos, guerras y enfermedades introducidas por los conquistadores.
Whose Calculations? Which Rationalities?: Rationality of Governmentality and Irrationality of Risks in the Concept of Foucault
Authors: Belov M. D.
Published: August 2024

This article is dedicated to investigating rationality as one of the key characteristics of Michel Foucault's concept of governmentality and to related 30 contradictions inside and outside Foucauldian theory. Using risk theory, the author explores the possibility of the existence of multiple rationalities in governmentalities and offers a solution to the contradiction within Foucauldian theory. The article focuses on the question of how it is possible to resolve both methodological, practical, as well as theoretical, contradictions in the theory of governmentality, keeping its main characteristics, such as population-centeredness, intact. The author concludes that diversification is more effective within the framework of multiple rationalities, which is most consistent with the understanding of the governmentality of the population as a goal, as a mechanism of risk management. The article makes a significant contribution to the understanding of the relationship between rationality and irrationality in the theory of governmentality, putting forward new ideas for the research and development of effective forms of public administration. The author also suggests ways to solve the paradox of regulated freedom, which has practical implications for modern methods of governance and regulation in society. This more detailed analysis clarifies how Foucault's concept of governmentality can be applied in a contemporary context, and how the limitations of rationality can be overcome to achieve more flexible and adaptive forms of governance.
Electronic Detection of Pesticide Residue on Cherry Fruits
Authors: TOZLU Bilge Han
Published: August 2024

Agriculture is one of the most basic needs that is of vital importance for the human generation to be sustained. In agriculture, pesticides are an indispensable need both to increase productivity and to prevent crop losses. Some of these drugs are pesticides that protect the plant from harmful insects, fungi and rodents, while others are herbicides that protect it from weeds. However, if these chemicals penetrate into people as much as they ensure food safety, they can be harmful with various diseases in the long term. After these pesticides are applied to agricultural products, they decrease to safe levels after 3-10 days depending on the type and dosage of the drug. Long-term exposure to these chemicals can cause a number of health problems such as cancer, hormonal disorders, neurological diseases and immune system weakness. In this study, it was investigated whether the collected cherry and the pesticide-free cherry could be separated by smell after the pesticide was applied to it without passing the mentioned time. Cherries were collected from cherry trees that had never been sprayed, and then pesticide was sprayed on these trees, and cherries that were sprayed with pesticide were collected a day later. An electronic nose consisting of 11 very affordable gas sensors has been made for the study. One hundred pieces of odours were taken by the electronic nose, including different amounts of cherries with and without pesticides. Various attributes of these data have been extracted. Among the four different classification algorithms, the Extra Trees Classifier has given the most successful results with 94.30% classification accuracy, 93.00% sensitivity and 95.60% specificity classification success. The ability to detect the pesticides on the fruit with an electronic device is important for the monitoring of human health through food inspections.
Structural evaluation and durability potential of cementitious materials based on expanded clay kiln dust
Authors: Abderrahim Guetteche , Salaheddine Bensebti , Mezhoud Samy , Ngo Tien-Tung , Kadri El Hadj
Published: August 2024

This paper investigates the potential of expanded clay kiln dust (ECKD) as a sustainable alternative in cementitious materials, aiming to address environmental concerns associated with traditional cement production. The study conducts a comprehensive evaluation, including material characterization, mechanical testing, and microstructural analysis, to assess the performance of ECKD in mortar formulations. Results indicate that ECKD influences various mortar properties, such as workability, air entrainment, and density. Mortar mixes containing 10% of ECKD show enhanced compressive and tensile strength compared to control mixes, indicating its effectiveness as a cement substitute. Moreover, the long-term durability of ECKD samples in seawater revealed promising results, confirming their favorable durability. In conclusion, the study demonstrates the feasibility and efficacy of incorporating ECKD in mortar formulations to mitigate the environmental impact of cement production while enhancing mechanical properties.
Discrepancy Between Genetically Predicted and Observed BMI Predicts Incident Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Rhee Tae-Min , Choi Jaewon , Lee Hyunsuk , Merino Jordi , Park Jun-Bean , Heon Kwak Soo
Published: August 2024

Objective: Obesity is a key predictor of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). However, metabolic complications are not solely due to increased body mass index (BMI). We hypothesized that differences between genetically-predicted BMI and observed BMI (BMI-diff) could reflect deviation from individual set point and may predict incident T2D. Research Design and Methods: From the UK Biobank cohort, we selected participants of European ancestry without T2D (n=332,154). The polygenic risk score for BMI was calculated via Bayesian regression and continuous shrinkage priors (PRS-CS). According to the BMI-diff, the 10-year risk of T2D was assessed using multivariable Cox proportional-hazards model. Independent data from the KoGES cohort from South Korea (n=7,430) were used for replication. Results: Participants from the UK Biobank were divided into train (n=268,041) and test set (n=115,119) to establish genetically-predicted BMI. In the test set, the genetically-predicted BMI explained 7.1% of the variance of BMI, and there were 3,599 (3.1%) T2D cases during a 10-year follow-up. Participants in the higher quintiles of BMI-diff (more obese than genetically-predicted), had significantly higher risk of T2D than those in the lowest quintile after adjusting for observed BMI: adjusted hazard ratio of 1st quintile (vs.5th quintile)=1.61 (1.26-2.05, P<0.001). Results were consistent among individuals in the KoGES study. Moreover, higher BMI than predicted was associated with impaired insulin sensitivity. Conclusions: Having a higher BMI than genetically predicted is associated with an increased risk of T2D. These findings underscore the potential to reassess T2D risk based on individual levels of obesity using genetic thresholds for BMI.
Validity of the Ekblom-Bak Cycle Ergometer Test in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Fransplass Storli Magnus , Steiro Fimland Marius , Engan Harald Kåre , Sandmæl Jon Arne
Published: August 2024

Objective: To assess the validity of the Ekblom-Bak cycle ergometer test in patients with cardiovascular disease admitted to cardiac rehabilitation.
Methods: Estimated peak oxygen consumption from the Ekblom-Bak test was compared with directly measured peak oxygen consumption from a treadmill cardiopulmonary exercise test. Patients completed the cardiopulmonary exercise test first, followed by the Ekblom-Bak test after 24 h rest. Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) was used to establish the correlation between estimated and measured peak oxygen consumption, and Bland–Altman plots with limits of agreement were used to determine the bias between the 2 tests.
Results: Twenty-six patients were included in the final analysis. The Ekblom-Bak test significantly overestimated peak oxygen consumption. Agreement between estimated and measured peak oxygen consumption was: bias = 4.3 mL/kg/min (limits of agreement: –4.0–12.6 mL/kg/min).
Conclusion: The Ekblom-Bak test overestimated peak oxygen consumption to such an extent that it cannot accurately assess cardiorespiratory fitness in patients with cardiovascular disease. Thus, the cardiopulmonary exercise test remains the test of choice.