bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Family Clothing Consumption: Comparison of Two Methods for Collecting Data
Authors: Saltford Nancy C. , Roy Linda A.
Published: March 2007

The objective of this study was to determine the differences between two methods of collecting clothing consumption data: diary and recall. A sample in which there was a high proportion of low‐ and middle‐income families was drawn from school census data in Ithaca, New York. The study was limited to families with elementary school children.

Forty‐three families kept diaries of all clothing purchases for a period of one month. Another 50 families were visited at the end of the same month and asked to recall purchases made over the preceding month.

By collecting clothing consumption data exclusive of other consumer expenditures, differ ences between the recall and diary methods of data collection, found in earlier research, have been minimized. In this study there were no differences between either the demographic characteristics of the diary or recall samples, or in quantity and expenditure data collected. Costs for time and transportation for the researchers were higher with the diary than the recall method since two visits to each household were required.

This study indicates that the recall method can successfully be used to gather family clothing consumption data.
Part 2: Comparison of Korean and American Fashion Leaders
Authors: Schrank Holly L. , Sugawara Alan I. , Kim Minja
Published: March 2007

Part 2 of this two‐part report includes an assessment of the fashion leadership characteris tics of American college women and a comparison of characteristics of these American women with the Korean women described in Part 1. Similar nonsignificant correlations were found for both groups between fashion innovativeness (FI) and socioeconomic level (SEL) and fashion opinion leadership (FOL) and SEL. Significant correlations between FOL and atti tudes toward change (ATC) for both groups and FI and ATC for the Korean sample imply differing attitudes. When both samples were divided into four categories of leadership groups and these groups compared by pairs, significant differences were found between pairs of groups on both SEL and ATC. Scores on these latter two variables were distributed differently within the Korean sample than they were within the American sample, implying differing at titudinal and socio‐economic characteristics despite similar fashion leadership characteristics.
Home Economics Research Activities in Colleges and Universities Not Associated with the Land‐Grant System
Authors: Tripple Patricia A. , Keiser Marjorie B.
Published: March 2007

Administrators of 301 home economics units in institutions not associated with the land‐grant system1 were surveyed regarding their 1977 fiscal year research activity. Seventy‐four sub mitted data concerning: (1) number of research projects and project equivalents in home economics priority goal categories; (2) personnel engaged in research activity; (3) source and level of funding; and (4) method and amount of sharing of research findings. The involvement was 482 projects, 317 project leaders, 95 scientist years and 208 support staff years. The highest proportion of projects related to home economics research priority Goal II: improve the conditions contributing to man's physiological health and development. Over six million dollars, a sizeable proportion of which came from state and federal departments of education and personal resources of faculty and students, were reported. While average funding per unit, per project, and per project leader did not equal that for researchers of the land‐grant system, the average amount available per scientist year is comparable.
Factors Related to Credit Card Users on Basis of Method of Repayment
Authors: Ethridge Veree
Published: March 2007

Using multiple discriminant analysis to analyze survey data on 875 nuclear families from the 1977 Consumer Credit Survey conducted by the Survey Research Center, four socioeconomic and four attitudinal variables were indicated as key predictors of installment users of credit cards. Installment users were found to be more likely to have lower incomes, have a higher number of children under 18 present, and be other than Caucasian, and the husband employed as a farmer, laborer, or service worker rather than in a managerial occupation. In regard to attitudinal variables, installment users were found to be more likely to hold more positive attitudes toward borrowing to finance hobbies and furniture, and to hold a more positive attitude toward installment buying in general. In addition, installment users were more likely to feel it is difficult to save ahead to buy consumer durables.
A Market Survey to Publishing in Home Economics Teacher Education
Authors: Bortz Richard F. , Dillon Ronna
Published: March 2007

The purpose of this study was to gather data describing the market for publishing professional textbooks in Home Economics teacher education. The objectives of the study were to determine which types of professional courses were most commonly offered in Home Economics teacher education programs; how many different courses of the same type were offered in the programs surveyed; how many of the courses offered, by type, were required or optional; and how many students were enrolled or have graduated over the last two‐year period. The population surveyed included all chairpersons of four‐year college‐ or university‐based departments. Of the 233 persons surveyed, 187 (80.25 percent) responded. The data were gathered via a mailed questionnaire. “Student Teaching,”“Teaching Methods,”“Curriculum Development,” and “History, Philosophy, etc.” proved to be the four courses most commonly taught in Home Economics teacher education programs. The large majority of programs re ported offering at least two courses in these areas. Respectively, the percentages were 97 percent, 91 percent, 92 percent, and 89 percent. Approximately one‐half of the programs also reported teaching courses in “Administration ‐Supervision,” and “Tests and Measurements.” The great majority of programs required the above courses for graduation.
Competencies Needed for Professional Growth as Rated by Virginia Home Economics Teachers and Teacher Educators
Authors: Hampton Letitia A. , Dewald‐Link Margaret R.
Published: March 2007

In 1974, the American Home Economics Association developed a basic list of pre professional and professional competencies needed for growth in home economics. The competencies were assigned no priority rankings but were divided into five classifica tions: Educational Philosophy and Home Economics, Research in Home Economics, Program Planning in Home Economics, The Educative Process in Home Economics, and Professional Role in Home Economics. For this study, a preliminary list of profes sional teaching competencies for Virginia home economics teachers was identified. The list was based upon a combination of the AHEA preprofessional and professional com petencies and was rated by teachers and teacher educators in the state of Virginia. Means were obtained to determine the highest rated competencies and a cluster analysis was performed to determine the priority rankings of the AHEA classifications of com petency as stressed by teachers and teacher educators employed in various educational settings. Competency statements were ranked differently by various groups of teachers and teacher educators. Therefore, it was concluded that an examination needs to be made of the differing needs of teachers who are employed in various educational settings in order to determine the priorities to be given to each of the AHEA classifications for that particular situation. However, the AHEA competency classifications can pro vide a basis for planning professional classes.
Public Self‐Consciousness, Social Anxiety, and Attitudes Toward the Use of Clothing
Authors: Miller Franklin G. , Davis Leslie L. , Rowold Kathleen L.
Published: March 2007

Two studies were conducted to examine the relationships between public self‐consciousness, social anxiety, and clothing variables. Individuals who are high in public self‐consciousness are thought to be aware of themselves as social objects and to be especially concerned with their public self‐presentation. It was therefore predicted that there would be positive relation ships between public self‐consciousness and fashion opinion leadership, clothing interest, clothing conformity, self‐perceived fashionability, and actual fashionability. The self‐evalua tion that accompanies public self‐consciousness is thought to produce social anxiety if the evaluation results in an awareness of discrepancies between the self‐image and a socially defined ideal. It was therefore further predicted that subjects who are high in public self‐ consciousness but have low scores on tests of fashion opinion leadership, clothing interest, clothing conformity, self‐perceived fashionability, and actual fashionability would have relatively high levels of social anxiety. The first prediction was supported in Study 1; results regarding the second prediction were inconclusive. An experiment was subsequently designed to examine the causal sequence involved in the relationships between public self‐conscious ness, clothing, and social anxiety, and this effect was strongest for subjects who were high in public self‐consciousness.
Fashion Preferences of Males and Females, Risks Perceived, and Temporal Quality of Styles
Authors: Minshall Bettie , Winakor Geitel , Swinney Jane L.
Published: March 2007

In two separate projects, female university students responded to eight dress styles and male students responded to eight men's suit styles. Styles represented current, classic, newly‐introduced, and outdated fashions. Responses to polar adjectives showed that subjects could discriminate among styles that were in different stages of the fashion cycle and that they perceived different patterns of risk in styles that were in different temporal categories. Subjects preferred current and classic styles to newly‐introduced and outdated styles; the order of preference among styles was more closely related to aesthetic appeal (an element of social‐psychological risk) than to economic or per formance risk. In general, both sexes chose the same adjectives to describe their best‐ liked styles. Responses of males and females were similar in most respects, although research procedures differed between the two projects.
Working Wives: Their Impact on Perceptions of Role Competency of Middle‐Age Husbands
Authors: Draughn Peggy S. , Rutledge Carolyn M.
Published: March 2007

The impact of the employment of the wife on the middle‐age man's perceptions of competency in the provider role and the husband role was explored in this study. Pro portional for the area in race and socioeconomic status, the sample of 175 married men, 25 to 55 years of age, employed in business or industry, were interviewed in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. An analysis of variance was used to statistically test for significant factors. The employment status of the wife had no significant impact on perceptions of husband competence or provider competence. The interaction of race and employ ment status of the wife was significant to perceived competence in the provider role. White husbands perceived themselves as most competent providers when wives held blue collar jobs, while black husbands perceived themselves as most competent providers when wives held white collar jobs.
Personal Values As An Explanation Of Food Usage Habits
Authors: Granzin Kent L. , Bahn Kenneth D.
Published: March 2007

This study investigated the existence of a relationship between personal values and consumer food habits, and compared the explanatory power of values with that of life‐style measures and demographics. Personal values were measured in terms of the importance of 20 items selected from England's Personal Values Questionnaire. Life‐ style items reflected frequency of participation in 20 leisure time activities, and demo graphics comprised 22 measures of socioeconomic characteristics and media preferences. Usage rates for 13 popular beverages were used to represent food habits. Respondents were clustered into four relatively homogeneous usage groups. Then, both univariate ANOVA and multivariate discriminant analysis were employed to test for the hypoth esized relationships between the consumers' food habits and values, life‐style, and demographics. The univariate tests indicated the three sets of variables have fairly equivalent explanatory power. However, the multivariate results showed values and demographic variables to surpass the life‐style variables with respect to the statistical significance and interpretability of the discriminant functions that were derived. While the explanatory power of values was thereby supported, ideally a combination of types of variables should be used to best explain food habits.
Home Dehydrators For Food Preservation
Authors: Sullivan J.F. , Weber H.
Published: March 2007

A method for drying and storing foods for home use is described. A study of convection and forced‐air dehydrators disclosed that the forced‐air type has the ability to dry faster and is the more efficient dryer at little extra cost. Safe food storage is assured with the use of humidity indicating cards. These cards, which contain a variety of absorbed cobalt chloride solutions, indicate a varied range of relative humidities (8‐80 percent). The card readings were successfully correlated with water activity.
Political Participation of Professional Home Economists
Authors: Enders Linda E. , Fanslow Alyce M.
Published: March 2007

This study examined the political participation of home economists and also summarized the interaction of factors influencing political participation. Data were from the 1979 American Home Economics Membership Survey. The sample consisted of 1,779 politi cally active respondents and 1,800 respondents who indicated no political activities. Only 11 percent of the total sample were politically active. Using loglinear hierarchical modeling, the three‐way interactions of education, age, and income with political par ticipation were identified as important in accounting for the observed frequencies. Spe cifically, respondents who were less than 35 years of age with an advanced degree and individuals less than 35 years of age and earning more than $20,000 per year were the most likely to participate politically.
Planning in Low‐Income Families: Influence of Locus of Control and Dyadic Consensus on Realistic Standard Setting
Authors: Brown Jodie Johnson , Heltsley Mary E. , Warren Richard D.
Published: March 2007

Dyadic consensus was found to be significantly and positively related to realistic stan dard setting in planning for wives and husbands in this low‐income sample. Locus of control, the antecedent variable, was positively and significantly related to dyadic consensus for both husbands and wives. The third significant relationship for wives and husbands was between annual income and locus of control. Education was found to have a significant, positive relationship with the assessment of planning for husbands, but not for wives. This finding represents a point of departure between the prediction models for wives and husbands.
Navaho Rugs: Evolution of the Ganado Style 1890‐1920
Authors: Boles Joann , Dickey Lois E.
Published: March 2007

Evolution of Ganado‐style Navaho rugs was studied. Correspondence from “the greatest of all Indian traders,” J. L. Hubbell, was reviewed. Paintings of rugs (rug studies) were photographed, rugs were inspected, and documents duplicated to allow handling and ordering by subject and within subject chronologically. The analysis of data was handled in a descriptive manner. Findings related to rug studies were in the area of color combination, motifs, borders, and formats. Findings related to examination of docu ments were in the areas of colors, designs, fibers, construction, use of the rugs, and the rug business. J. L. Hubbell, the trader at the post, worked as the connecting link between weavers and buyers in areas of color combinations, borders, and format, and in the rug business.
An Empirical Analysis Of The Home Economics Research Journal
Authors: Goldsmith Elizabeth B.
Published: March 2007

This research was undertaken to determine the nature and scope of the Home Economics Research Journal through an analysis of information provided in articles about the authors, funding sources, topics, and citations. A census was taken of all the university affiliations of authors and article topics, 1972–1980. For the citation and funding source analysis, the years 1974, 1977, and 1980 were selected for examination. The sample consisted of 1,793 citations, 210 authors, and 106 articles. Results indicated that most articles had one or two authors and that authors were predominantly female. During the years 1972–1980, the most common article topic area was clothing and textiles followed by food, nutrition and dietetics, and home economics education. The universities with twenty or more HERJ authors between 1972 and 1980 were Iowa State University, University of Minnesota, and University of Missouri–Columbia. In the three sampled years, thirty percent of the articles had stated funding sources, with the most usual sources being colleges and universities or the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The mean number of citations was 16.9 over the three years studied, with a general trend towards lengthier citation listings. In regard to citations, books were used the most with journals cited next often with a trend in successive years towards more use of journals. A rank ordering of most used journals reveals the lack of compactness in home economics and the wide variety of reading and research interests of home economists.
Clothing Problems As Perceived By Mexican American Migrant Women
Authors: Sletten Rennae C. G. , Petrich Beatrice A.
Published: March 2007

Perceived types of clothing problems of 101 Mexican American migrant women in relation to their demographic characteristics were investigated for educational purposes. Two steps were utilized in the construction of the instrument: (1) developing a universe of clothing problems of low‐income families, and (2) establishing content validity of the items. Personal interviews were conducted throughout Wisconsin, Minnesota, and North Dakota. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance. The study revealed that scores on types of clothing problems showed significant relationships on one or more of five characteristics of the sample: age, education, ability to speak English, classes in textiles and clothing, and years in agriculture. The results also indicated that migrant women seldom perceived themselves to have encountered the clothing problems.
A Nutrition Education Model For Training and Updating EFNEP Aides
Authors: Looker Anne , Long Patricia , Hamilton Louise , Shannon Barbara
Published: March 2007

A nutrition education model was developed for training and updating EFNEP aides and home economists without requiring face‐to‐face contact with the nutrition specialist. The model incorporated six modules that focused on pertinent nutrition topics. Each consisted of a self‐instruction guide for the home economists, a teaching package with audiovisual materials for the aides' training session, and lesson plans with handouts for aides' use with their homemakers. Pilot testing of the first two modules (without employing a control group) indicated that the approach was feasible. The design for testing the remaining four modules included an experimental group, made up of EFNEP aides who attended training sessions between pre‐ and posttesting, and a control group, made up of aides who attended the sessions after posttesting was completed. Experimental aides had significantly greater gains in nutrition knowledge than control aides for three of the four modules. Aides and home economists rated the modules favorably, and aides particularly enjoyed the role‐playing activities. The aides felt that the information and skills gained from the sessions would be helpful to them when working with homemakers.
Similarities‐Dissimilarities Among Students
Authors: Aadland Sophia C. , Dunkelberger John E. , Molnar Joseph J. , Purcell Mary Lou G.
Published: March 2007

Students in seven of the most widely offered college majors in home economics were studied for distinctive characteristics. Using multiple regression analysis, five sets of variables were analyzed. These included family background, high school experiences, college experiences, significant other influences on choice of major, and reasons for choosing the major. Data were obtained from a sample of 2,612 home economics students attending land‐grant uni versities throughout the South. The majors in which these students were enrolled included general home economics, interior design, textiles, family and child development, foods and nutrition, home economics education, and fashion design. The findings revealed considerable similarity among home economics students generally. Yet there were significant dissimi larities that characterized students in specific majors. These differences were presented as separate profiles for students in each major. Overall, students in home economics education and general home economics were most dissimilar and those in textiles least dissimilar. Reasons for choosing one's major explained the largest amount of variance and were espe cially important in distinguishing family and child development majors.
Family Life and Child Development Concepts in Elementary Schools: A Factor Analysis
Authors: Bakalars R. , Petrich B.
Published: March 2007

Elementary teachers conceptualize family life and child development education concepts differently than do many home economics professionals. This was a conclusion of a study to determine to what extent family life education concepts were included in elementary school curricula and to determine the factorial structure of the concepts based on teachers' responses. Over 200 elementary teachers responded to a list of 70 validated concepts. The teachers taught grades kindergarten to sixth. Factor analysis revealed four major factors: 1–Learning About Self and Others, 2–Family and Society Interacting, 3–De– veloping as a Family Member, and 4–Adolescence. Mean scores revealed that none of the factors were taught to a great extent and Factors 2 and 4 were seldom or never taught. Concepts relating to human sexual development were not overtly present in the factors and those indirectly related were seldom taught. There are implications for home economics family and child development specialists who are consulting with curriculum workers in elementary schools, as well as for curriculum developers. It appears that home economists may be able to contribute to preservice and inservice education of elementary teachers.
Time Allocation Decisions In Two‐Parent Families
Authors: Gerner Jennifer L. , Zick Cathleen D.
Published: March 2007

Economists have postulated an explicit decision‐making rule, the maximization of utility, which is followed in the face of scarce resources. In this paper we formulate a model with which we can empirically test the decision‐making hy pothesis of utility maximization. The model also takes into account the simul taneous nature of decisions about time allocation for husband and wife, and purchases of goods and services. The empirical test of the decision‐making hy pothesis involves estimating a system of demand equations for household goods and time. Once estimated, the results are examined for conformation with the results implied by the decision‐making hypothesis. We find substantial support for the postulated decision‐making hypothesis.
Factors Associated With Food Expenditures Of Elderly Persons Living Alone
Authors: Axelson Marta L. , Penfield Marjorie P.
Published: March 2007

The first objective of this study was to determine the relative importance of food‐ and nutrition‐related attitudes and socioeconomic, personal, and social charac teristics in predicting food expenditures of elderly persons living alone. The second objective was to investigate the effect of inflation on their food expendi tures. Retired individuals, 60 years of age or older, who lived alone were inter viewed; those who were willing kept food purchase diaries for two one‐month periods, seven months apart. Regression models explained 28 to 60 percent of the variation in food expenditures. The independent variables provided more explanatory power in predicting total, at‐store, and away‐from‐home food ex penditures than in predicting the percentage of the food dollar spent within food groups. The respondents spent most of their food dollar for food at the grocery store and little for food away from home. Their total food expenditures were comparable to the amounts recommended for USDA's Low‐Cost Food Plan for women living alone. Although changes in food expenditures over the seven‐ month period were not statistically significant, there was an upward trend. The inflation rate for the period of study was approximately six to eight percent; the increase in the respondents' mean food expenditure was approximately 6.5 per cent.
Home Management Research: State of the Art 1909–1984
Authors: Berger Peggy S.
Published: March 2007

Research has had an important role in the growth of home management as a body of knowledge over the past 75 years. Gross, Crandall, and Knoll's concep tualization of home management's six stages of development was used as a framework for reviewing this research. Research on some topics has continued in importance over time even as later stages brought changing emphases in re search and other efforts. Currently a major thrust of home management research is the testing of parts of or entire conceptual frameworks, a thrust compatible with designation of this stage as the holistic approach. Comparison of research papers in two journals over different time periods indicated an increasing so phistication in home management research design and methodology.
Household Equipment Research: Past Accomplishments, Challenges for the Future
Authors: Lovingood Rebecca P. , Lytton Ruth H.
Published: March 2007

Household equipment research has been conducted continuously, but at a rel atively low level, in a number of colleges and universities throughout the 75 year history of the American Home Economics Association. Researchers have re sponded to needs of families for information regarding new appliances or in novative features on appliances. Energy and consumer protection have been frequent topics in recent years. Titles of many studies prior to 1950 reflected concerns of engineers engaged in product development; those since 1950 are more reflective of the concerns of marketers. If household equipment research is to continue, researchers in the field must cooperatively address the interrelated problems of conceptualization, visibility, funding, and a “reactive” perspective.
Evaluation of Research in Home Economics: Background and New Approaches
Authors: Norton Marjorie J. T. , Wall Vera J.
Published: March 2007

This paper describes ways in which home economics research has been evaluated and suggests new theoretical approaches which may be applied in quantitative empirical analyses of benefits from home economics research. It includes dis cussion of evaluations of returns to agricultural research because these have set precedents and offer insights for assessments in other fields. Home economics research has been extensively analyzed, often with an orientation to goals, needs, and strategies for future research. Several studies have focused on past research in regard to personnel, funding, administration, publication productivity, and implications of patterns in published research reports. Literature on benefits from research is largely descriptive and nonquantitative. Quantitative assessments of benefits in relation to research investments have been recommended. The eco nomic theory of the household, including both neoclassic theory and the “new household economics,” provides a general framework for analysis. Three types of information output from home economics research have been identified: household efficiency information, product quality information, and health and safety information. New approaches for evaluating the research which supplies such information are suggested.
Critical Needs for Home Economics Research
Authors: Keiser Marjorie B.
Published: March 2007

Justification for home economics research is presented. Past record and future research trends are used to establish critical needs. Broader leadership, programs with futuristic; holistic approach, priorities set on a theoretical base, administra tive priorities that promote research, and personnel that interrelate home eco nomics specialties, as well as use underlying scientific roots, are cited as critical research needs. Another need, appropriate time schedules for research produc tivity, may automatically be resolved when research becomes an operationalized priority of home economics administrators.
Home Economics Research Journal within the Home Economics Research Communications Network
Authors: Fetterman Nelma I. , Lefebvre Verna M.
Published: March 2007

Two basic questions formed the structure for examining the effectiveness of communication among researchers using the Home Economics Research Journal (HERJ). The first question pertained to the interrelationship between the literature published and cited in HERJ. The second question asked what impact the re search published in HERJ had on authors publishing in other journals. By per forming Bradford analyses using the 2,440 journal references cited by authors of 316 articles in the first 10 volumes of HERJ, core journals were identified. The core journals varied among the subject matter subsets and between individual subsets and the total set of journal references. HERJ ranked high in six of seven cores. Through citation analysis 133 articles citing 88 HERJ articles were found in 62 journals other than HERJ. Seven of the top 10 citing journals were also included in at least one of the cores identified by the Bradford analyses. To the extent that citations are an indication of the use made of research, implications are drawn regarding the effectiveness of HERJ within the written communication network.
Research Process and Achievement: Roles of Administrators and Researchers In the Success of Home Economics Research
Authors: Hawthorne Betty E. , Woodburn Margy , Powell Judith A.
Published: March 2007

The success of home economics research in our colleges and universities is de pendent upon a team effort by the dean or other unit administrator; the depart ment head, chairperson, or subject‐matter leader; and the faculty doing the re search. All three must be convinced of the importance of research to the profes sion, the unit, and the individual. The expression of priority will be different for each participant but must be evident in administrative priorities. The interaction in fostering interdisciplinary research will also differ, and in some institutions, roles may be combined. The researcher urges that lack of funds not be used as the excuse for not doing research since home economists have proven that much can be accomplished on a small base. Given scarce resources, administrators and faculty can work together for maximum productivity. The ultimate reason for the researcher to do research is that “it brings me joy.” For all engaged in this team effort, there can be the satisfaction of reaching goals for home economics re search.
Perceived Needs of Home Economics Faculty Regarding the Acquisition and Management of Sponsored Research Funding
Authors: Couch Anna Sue , Haley Elizabeth G. , Asher Rita M.
Published: March 2007

The purpose of the study was to examine the perceived needs of home eco nomics faculty members regarding the acquisition and management of sponsored research funding. Current and desired levels of skill were assessed, using the Faculty Needs Assessment: Acquisition and Management of Sponsored Funding. Both current and desired skill levels were perceived to be highest in the area of proposal writing and lowest in the area of project management. There were sig nificant positive relationships between current and desired skill levels. Analyses based on demographic variables revealed significant differences on current levels of skill for gender, academic rank, and tenure status. On desired levels of skill, significant differences were found for gender and length of experience. The re sults provide a basis for designing development activities which will enable home economics faculty members to compete more effectively in the research arena.
The Role Of Cooperative Regional Research In Home Economics
Authors: Cloud Rinn M. , Lawrence Frances Cogle
Published: March 2007

Cooperation among scientists is a vital and necessary part of research. A review of authorship of technical papers in many professional journals reveals that home economists often cooperate with other home economists and with experts in other disciplines in conducting research (Horn and Nickols, 1982). Many of the cooperative efforts are limited to researchers within a small geographical area. On a broader scale, the federal government has supported cooperative research for almost 40 years through formally organized cooperative regional research pro jects dealing with problems related to agriculture and home economics.
Most Prolific Authors in the Home Economics Research Journal and the Journal of Home Economics: A Decade Review
Authors: Goldsmith Elizabeth
Published: March 2007

Most prolific authors in the Home Economics Research Journal and the Journal of Home Economics were rank ordered by the number of articles published and were surveyed by questionnaire in order to obtain background information about them and also to determine what has motivated them to publish. In addition, authors were asked to respond to a replication request to determine their will ingness to aid other researchers. Most prolific authors were defined as those authors with three or more published articles in either journal between Sep tember 1972‐September 1982. Surprisingly no one author had this many articles in both journals during this decade. Most of the authors have Ph.D. degrees which were obtained at least 11 years ago from a variety of universities. Most are currently employed as college professors or administrators or a com bination of both. Graduate school training, colleagues, and employers were chief motivators. Authors, for the most part, responded positively to replication re quests.
Aesthetic and Utilitarian Qualities of Clothing: Use of a Multidimensional Clothing Value Model
Authors: Morganosky Michelle
Published: March 2007

The purpose of this exploratory study was to investigate consumers' valuation of clothing and accessory items on the basis of aesthetic and utilitarian qualities. Differences in dollar amounts consumers said they would be willing to pay for the items served as indicators of valuation. Data were collected from 102 female shoppers at a regional mall in a north central city. Analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc comparisons were used to determine whether differences existed be tween the dollar amounts that consumers said they would be willing to spend for the clothing and accessory items. The findings indicated that subjects were willing to pay the most for high aesthetic items regardless of utility and the least for low aesthetic, low utility items. Demographic variables such as age, income level, marital status, number of children, race, occupation and educational level were not significantly related to dollar amounts that subjects said they were willing to spend.
Use of Four Potentially Energy‐Saving Electric Cooking Appliances in Households
Authors: Woodard Janice E. , Hunt Fern E.
Published: March 2007

Hypotheses about the relationship between frequency of use and 16 indepen dent variables were tested for selected appliances. Independent variables were considered in five categories: (1) relative importance of five goals in meal prep aration; (2) extent of desired characteristics in particular appliances; (3) related household facilities; (4) selected human resources; and (5) selected household attributes. The appliances—electric skillet, toaster‐oven, slow cooker, and mi crowave oven—were selected as having potential for conserving energy over use of a range oven. A sample of 125 households in the Columbus, Ohio area owning at least one of the selected appliances was surveyed with a self‐administered questionnaire in the summer of 1981. Toaster‐ovens and microwave ovens were used more frequently than electric skillets and slow cookers. Factors which re lated significantly to frequency of appliance usage differed among the appliances studied. The significant factor(s) were: microwave oven—relative importance of the goal “being able to use as little physical effort as possible in meal prepara tion”; toaster‐oven—educational attainment of respondents, number of selected appliances owned per household, and availability of convenient storage space; and slow cooker—extent of desired characteristics in the slow cooker owned. Frequency of electric skillet usage was not significantly related to any indepen dent variables.
Dress as An Influence on The Perceptions of Management Characteristics in Women
Authors: Forsythe Sandra Monk , Drake Mary Frances , Cox Charles A.
Published: March 2007

Evaluations from 77 personnel administrators were used to determine the effect of costume on interviewers' perceptions of personal characteristics for women applying for management level positions. Four costumes representing four dis tinct levels of Yangness (masculinity) were used in the experimental treatments. Four female applicants were videotaped in each of the four costumes in a sim ulated interview. Personnel administrators viewed color videotapes of each of the four applicants in a different costume in a systematically selected sequence and rated each applicant on the following personal characteristics: forceful, self‐ reliant, dynamic, aggressive, and decisive. An incomplete block design incor porating two simultaneous blocking variables (person and showing sequence) was used to isolate the effect of costume. Three‐way least squares analysis of variance was used to test the hypothesis. The results showed costume had both a positive and significant effect on the perception of each of the selected per sonal characteristics. It was concluded that a female applicant's clothing does provide an avenue for conveying personal characteristics necessary for manage ment.
Interfamily Transfers to Beginning and Elderly Families
Authors: Smith Mary M. , Olson Pamela N.
Published: March 2007

Interfamily grants contribute to the economic well‐being of families. This research focuses on the transfer of resources to beginning and elderly families. The data used in this study were collected through personal interviews with 75 beginning and 75 elderly families in Bernalillo County, New Mexico. The purpose of this study was to compare the annual economic contribution of interfamily grants received by beginning and elderly families. There was no difference in dollar value between the two groups in the categories of money, goods, and services. However, there was a significant difference (p < 0.01) in the total dollar value of grants received. The average annual dollar value of interfamily grants received by the beginning families was $2,665 while the elderly families received an average of $944.
EFTS and Consumer Control of Money
Authors: Churaman Charlotte V.
Published: March 2007

Electronic Funds Transfer Systems (EFTS) were introduced in the late 60s as pilot projects serving one bank's customers or as state‐wide systems. They are now in a stage of rapid development into one‐account banking, linked through networks to many financial institutions and retail establishments and extending, in some instances, to the international level. Research relating to consumer use of EFTS in the United States has been reviewed with particular focus on its implications for family‐consumer management of money. Convenience is ranked as its primary advantage, and fear of loss of control as a perceived disadvantage. The Deacon and Firebaugh model, Family System with Managerial Subsystem Emphasis, is used as a basis for analysis. Conclusions are drawn and suggestions made for further study of the effects of EFTS on consumers as they make more extensive use of it over a period of time.
Relationships Between Mothers' Employment And Nutritional Quality Of Adolescents' Diets
Authors: Skinner Jean D. , Ezell Janie M. , Salvetti Nancy N. , Penfield Marjorie P.
Published: March 2007

Nutrient intakes and meal patterns of 123 adolescents with employed mothers were compared with those of 88 adolescents with nonemployed mothers. The 24‐hour food records indicated few differences between the two groups of ad olescents in total nutrient intakes or in intakes at breakfast, the evening meal, or snacks. Nutrient intakes per 1000 kilocalories indicated that adolescents with employed mothers had diets that were lower (p < 0.05) in nutrient density for iron, and they consumed snacks lower (p < 0.05) in nutrient density for iron and thiamin than did adolescents with nonemployed mothers. There were no signif icant differences between groups in the percentages of adolescents who skipped breakfast on the survey day, in the number of snacks they consumed, or in the number of evening meals eaten away from home.
Sex Role Orientation, Wife's Employment, and the Division of Household Labor
Authors: Perlmutter Jane Clarkson , Wampler Karen Smith
Published: March 2007

The present study examined the effects of sex role orientation (androgynous, masculine, feminine, or undifferentiated) and the wife's employment status on the division of housework and childcare and satisfaction with the division of 75 families with at least one preschool child. The data were analyzed by t‐tests, one‐ and two‐way analyses of variance, and multiple regression. The results indicate that where wives work outside the home, husbands and wives share childcare and housework more. Multiple regression indicated that wife's employment status, husband's femininity score, and number of children were significant pre dictors of husband's sharing of childcare, but not for wives. Husband's mascu linity scores predicted their satisfaction scores. None of the variables studied predicted wives' satisfaction with housework or childcare.
Responsibilities For Energy Conservation And Environmental Pollution: The Consumer Viewpoint
Authors: Kelley Eleanor , Fu Jei Mei , Blouin David , Gross Catherine , Kirby Charles
Published: March 2007

This report focuses on (1) consumers' attitudes toward the responsibilities of government, textile and apparel industries, and consumers toward environmental pollution and energy conservation as related to textile and apparel products and (2) whether selected characteristics of the consumers influenced their responses. Data were generated from a mail survey of a stratified systematic sample of house holds in an urban area of south Louisiana. The views of 246 women who re sponded to the Likert statements are summarized. The women had correlated, positive attitudes toward controlling environmental pollution and conserving en ergy. However, their views did not differ, univariate or multivariate, according to familial social class, family size, and age of respondent. Consumers' views were different when the statements were categorized according to agency or group perceived to have control over the specific energy conservation or environmental pollution situation described in each statement. That is, responsibilities of textile and apparel industries for both concepts were evaluated differently from those of government, and both were evaluated differently from those of consumers.
Income Elasticities for Selected Consumption Categories: Comparison of Single Female‐Headed and Two‐Parent Families
Authors: Horton Sally E. , Hafstrom Jeanne L.
Published: March 2007

Female‐headed families—those maintained by a woman without a husband present—although a fast‐growing population group since the '70s, have so far received little or no attention from researchers in the consumption area. Thus the major focus of this study was to examine changes in expenditure behavior of female‐headed families with changes in income, and to compare those changes with two‐parent families. Data are from the 1972–73 Consumer Expen diture Survey of the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The two samples consisted of 590 female‐headed families and 4,881 two‐parent families. Total expenditures and expenditures on six consumption categories were modeled as functions of cur rent and permanent income using the double log form. Family size, age and education, employment status of the woman, race, location, and house tenure were included as proxies for tastes and preferences to hold them constant. Cur rent income elasticities were estimated by generalized least squares, and per manent income elasticities by instrumental variables. Only income elasticities for shelter, both current and permanent, differed significantly between the groups. Both family types change shelter spending less than proportionally to an income change, but female‐headed families change less than two‐parent families. Dif ferential effects of the independent variables, measured by Engel function pa rameters using permanent income, were found for the two family types. Impli cations for future research are discussed.
A Theoretic Framework for the Examination of Practice in Home Economics
Authors: Wilson Susan W. , Vaines Eleanore
Published: March 2007

Investigation of the nature of professional “practice” is the focus of this paper. It employs the method of reflexive examination in the portrayal of an analytic theoretical framework through which concepts of practice can be more clearly understood. The framework identifies four distinctive “dimensions of practice”: Customary Practice, Instrumental Practice, Interactive Practice, and Reflective Practice. Each is discussed in terms of its contribution to the social service com ponent of the helping professions. Particular attention is directed toward the examination of practice in home economics, and the attendant implications which arise from employing various “dimensions of practice” in appropriate ways.
Price And Quality Differences For Imported And Domestic Men's Dress Shirts
Authors: Dardis Rachel , Spivak Steven M. , Shih Chi‐Mei
Published: March 2007

Price and quality differences for eight brands of men's dress shirts were investi gated during a four‐month period. Three‐way analysis of variance was used to determine the significance of brand and store type, origin, and time of purchase or number of launderings. The results indicated that imported shirts were of the same, if not higher, quality than domestic shirts but were lower in price. These findings support the results of an earlier study conducted in 1978.
Theses and Dissertations Completed in Home Economics: 1983 and 1984
Authors: Shoffner Sarah M. , Clawson Barbara N.
Published: March 2007

The purpose of this study was to compile a listing of the theses and dissertations completed in colleges and universities of home economics in the United States during 1983 and 1984. The 1,990 titles, received from 87 institutions, are listed by subject‐matter area and degree for each year; and the author, institution, and availability of the document are reported. Information about graduate research in home economics is summarized through presentations of totals for each in stitution, by subject matter categories, and through rankings for the institutions reporting the largest number of theses and dissertations. Of all the titles, 25 percent were for dissertations for both years. For both years, the largest number of titles was reported nutrition, while family relations and child development ranked second.