bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Netherworld Messengers: Subversion in the Elizabethan Satiric Pamphlet
Authors: Kumaran Arul
Published: June 2020

Cet article tente de mieux comprendre la nature du frisson sous-tendant un motif esthétique spécifique et familier du pamphlet satirique élisabéthain : celui du messager infernal. Continuellement transformé par presqu’un siècle de controverses religieuses, et talonnant les pamphlets anticatholiques et antipuritains du milieu du XVIe siècle, le pamphlet élisabéthain contenait déjà des traces de sédition et d’hérésie. Ils s’accordaient parfaitement avec la figure du fantôme subversif que l’on trouve dans certains pamphlets de Robert Greene, Thomas Nashe, Henry Chettle et Barnaby Riche. En examinant les pamphlets de Greene, le Pierce Penilesse, his Supplication to the Divell de Nashe et le Kind Hartes Dreame de Chettle, et en examinant en détail le Greenes Newes both from Heaven and Hell, de Riche, qui réutilise le motif du fantôme dans ses pamphlets précédents, cet article montre que ces écrivains élisabéthains étaient conscients du rôle qu’avait le pamphlet satirique en tant que représentation et manifestation d’une énergie sociale subversive, et que la présence fantomatique dans le pamphlet infernal était une forme unique de concrétisation de cette subversion.
Re-Reading John Ford’s ’ Tis Pity She’s a Whore, Re-Writing Tragedy: Margaret Cavendish’s The Unnatural Tragedy
Authors: Burnett Linda Avril
Published: June 2020

Dans cet article, l’auteur développe et appuie la revendication d’originalité de Margaret Cavendish. L’auteur présente The Unnatural Tragedy (1662), une relecture de ’Tis Pity She’s a Whore (1633), comme faisant partie de la tradition des femmes écrivaines dans laquelle deux textes sont publiés dans un seul volume : le premier créatif et le deuxième critique. L’analyse montre que la façon dont Cavendish utilise cette forme d’appropriation rend The Unnatural Tragedy plus proche de ce que nous nommons une parodie, que de l’imitation propre à la Renaissance. L’auteur montre également que la pièce de Cavendish porte deux voix : une première critique et une deuxième qui rend hommage à la pièce de Ford. The Unnatural Tragedy de Cavendish traite de l’association que Ford fait entre le discours féminin et la transgression sexuelle dans ’Tis Pity She’s a Whore (1633). Simultanément, la pièce de Cavendish est un hommage à la tentative de Ford de remettre en question l’idéologie d’un genre dans lequel les notions d’amour romantique et d’honneur masculin sont privilégiées. Dans sa pièce, Cavendish retravaille celle de Ford afin de déstabiliser à la fois la tragédie et ce qu’elle représente dans la société patriarcale de Cavendish, et ce faisant, s’adresse simultanément à Aristote et Ford.
King Leir within the Thicket: Gender, Place, and Power
Authors: Kermode Lloyd Edward
Published: June 2020

Cet article analyse la pièce King Leir, donnée par la troupe des Queen’s Men, en tant qu’exercice de création d’un espace sous l’angle spécifique de son contrôle masculin ou féminin. Alors que la version shakespearienne de cette pièce fait ressortir les vertus d’espaces indéfinis (« the heath » ou « lande »), d’un lieu imaginé (la « falaise » de Gloucester) et de lieux de passages (chemins entre les maisons des soeurs), définis par les activités d’hommes (Lear, Gloucester/Edgar, Kent/Oswald, et Lear et ses chevaliers), la version antérieure, en une scène centrale, situe délibérément le roi Leir dans un espace nommé « the thicket », qui est spécifiquement délimité et utilisé par une femme, Ragan. Seule la foi protestante en un Dieu omniprésent — une foi absente de l’ancienne Bretagne du shakespearien roi Lear — permet finalement aux hommes, dans leur confusion, de prendre le contrôle de cet espace féminin et dangereux.
Marot et Du Bellay : « La Renaissance aura lieu si… »
Authors: Noirot Corinne
Published: June 2020

Some French humanist poets betray a keen awareness of the intrinsic fragility that affects the cultural dynamics of the Renaissance. Marot and Du Bellay express its inchoate nature, even when addressing the King. While celebrating the times they live in, they rarely greet the renewal as an ongoing event. Qualifiers and other linguistic structures make it a virtual reality in their verse. To explain this paradox, this article will first examine the temporal and moral ambivalence affecting humanist poets’ relation to Antiquity. The analysis will then turn to conditional and negative turns of phrase that can be interpreted as oblique warnings to the Prince (“If you do not… then be careful”). Despite the obvious expectation of a budding renaissance, hopes that a French Virgil will emerge are fraught with doubt and virtual wording. Finally, the reluctance toward the epic reveals issues that displace the end of the Renaissance, and perhaps pave the way, if not for a true political renaissance, for a poetics of renaissance as a process.
Neighbourliness and Toleration in the Work of George Herbert
Authors: Balla Angela
Published: June 2020

Des spécialistes de l’histoire sociale ont récemment développé le récit triomphal de l’essor de la tolérance religieuse et l’ont rendu populaire parmi les historiens de la culture, en montrant comment ont alterné et même coïncidé les périodes de persécution et de tolérance. Pour ces historiens sociaux, la tolérance des divisions religieuses s’est en partie développée par la valorisation des relations de bon voisinage. Mais quelle est la relation véritable entre le bon voisinage et la tolérance ? L’oeuvre de George Herbert offre une réponse provocatrice à cette question, puisque son oeuvre poétique The Temple (1633), examinée en lien avec son guide en prose A Priest to the Temple, Or, the Countrey Parson (1652), montre comment une « imagination de la persécution » peut céder à une grandeur de pensée et l’action. L’auteur, en basant son analyse sur des sermons d’état, des injonctions, et des manuels pastoraux, A Priest to the Temple, Or, the Countrey Parson (1652), construit le récit de la relation entre le bon voisinage et la tolérance, et montre comment il fonctionne dans l’oeuvre religieuse en prose et en vers de Herbert. Bien que ces deux valeurs soient différentes, Herbert montre dans quelle mesure elles peuvent parfois être étroitement apparentées. Dans la mesure où ses lecteurs suivent la proposition d’Herbert en allant aussi loin qu’il est possible de travailler avec les autres pour accomplir la volonté de Dieu, ces lecteurs présentent une pratique de la tolérance avant que celle-ci soit théorisée en tant qu’idéal dans la deuxième moitié du dix-septième siècle.
“Illegal” Pawns for “Immoral” Loans: Testing the Limits of the Monti di Pietà in Late Fifteenth-Century Tuscany
Authors: Pinelli Paola
Published: June 2020

Les archives toscanes contiennent une importante documentation illustrant divers aspects des premières années des prêteurs sur gages des Monti di Pietà. On y trouve de riches informations sur le sexe et le statut des emprunteurs, sur les montants empruntés, sur les intérêts, ainsi que sur les conditions de rachat des effets mis en gage. Certaines archives — celles du monte de Prato par exemple — contiennent des registres dans lesquels les comptables du monte inscrivaient les opérations « interdites », dont l’existence ne devait pas apparaître dans les registres officiels. Ces registres privés contiennent des entrées qui font état de mises en gage de biens atypiques, telles que des biens précieux, qui, selon les lois, ne pouvaient être reçus en gage en retour de prêts, étant donné que ces emprunteurs n’appartenaient pas au groupe social désigné comme « nécessiteux et pauvre ». Par ailleurs, des gages étaient également donnés en échange d’argent, qui n’était pas utilisé pour les premières nécessitées, mais bien plutôt dépensé pour des activités « immorales » telles que les jeux de hasard et les aventures galantes.
A World of Small Objects: Probate Inventories, Pawns, and Domestic Life in Early Modern Venice
Authors: Cecchini Isabella
Published: June 2020

La mise en gage d’objets de valeur était commune dans les sociétés des débuts de la modernité, où elle était utilisée par toutes les classes sociales pour obtenir des liquidités, ou comme moyen de paiement. L’absence à Venise de prêteurs sur gage officiels tels que les Monti di Pietà faisait en sorte que les prêts sur gage et la circulation de l’argent en lien avec cette pratique étaient centrés sur le Ghetto. Les banquiers juifs avaient le droit de recevoir en gage des objets en échange de prêts, et délivraient des reçus officiels (bollettino) faisant état de ces transactions. Ils contrôlaient ainsi une proportion importante du marché de seconde main à Venise. Ces reçus étaient conservés avec beaucoup de soin, étant donné qu’ils permettaient aux emprunteurs de récupérer leur bien après remboursement de la somme empruntée et des intérêts. Ils sont souvent mentionnés dans les inventaires officiels comme représentants des objets réels mais entreposés temporairement dans un autre endroit. Cet article analyse les reçus, les objets qu’ils représentent et leur possesseurs, retracés dans un corpus de près de 1000 inventaires couvrant la période 1511–1600, tiré des Archivio di Stato de Venise.
Converting Goods into Cash: An Ethical Approach to Pawnbroking in Early Modern Bologna
Authors: Carboni Mauro
Published: June 2020

L’émergence des Monti di Pietà dans les villes italiennes des débuts de la modernité a joué un rôle important en permettant une grande circulation des liquidités dans les portions moins nanties du marché. À travers le prêt sur gage, le Monte offrait la possibilité de transformer temporairement en argent liquide les petites richesses non-monétaires, à divers degrés de l’échelle sociale. Le Monte a ainsi contribué à l’expansion du crédit, et exercé une importante fonction anticyclique dans les économies locales. En puisant dans les archives d’une de ces institutions les plus prospères — le Monte de Bologne —, cet article explore l’étendue de ce phénomène, l’importance des montants en jeu, la variété des biens mis en gage, ainsi que l’impressionnante variété des clients. Au sommet des activités du Monte, ses clients n’appartenaient plus seulement à la classe des travailleurs pauvres. Toutefois, ce changement n’a pas nuit à l’accessibilité du crédit aux classes pauvres, mais a plutôt contribué à ce que ces services soit offerts pour moins cher à ceux véritablement dans le besoin.
La translation du « vieil langaige et prose, en nouveau et rime » : Anne de Graville et les visées épidictiques du Beau romant
Authors: Bouchard Mawy
Published: June 2020

Around 1521, when Anne de Graville published her adaptation of Boccacio’s Teseida—which had already been translated into French in the second half of the fifteenth century—she was already known for her rendering of Alain Chartier’s Belle dame sans merci into rondeaux. Although the poetical transformation at work in this earlier piece may at first appear as an end in itself, a closer analysis of the process of poetical “translation” reveals another dimension of the text: that is, Graville’s exploration of new modes of male and female discourse. Apparently designed as a word-for-word rendition of Chartier’s dialogue, Graville’s rondeaux are marked by subtle shifts of textual perspective aimed at reinforcing the lady’s rhetorical stance. Goaded by the “translation pretext” at work in the rondeaux, I wish here to explore the rhetorical strategies deployed by Graville in the Beau Romant des deux amants, where, though posing as a humble commissioned writer, she deftly manipulates the topoi of a still dominantly masculine genre. While from the 1530s onwards the genre was to benefit from female contributions, gradually accustoming readers to the “feminization” of sentimental narratives, it still remains to be established whether the need for a feminized rendering of the genre’s discursive modes was articulated in a similar guise in the previous decade.
Translating Devotion: Mary Roper Basset’s English Rendering of Thomas More’s De tristitia … Christi
Authors: Hosington Brenda M.
Published: June 2020

La dernière oeuvre de Thomas More, composée en 1534–1535 dans la Tour de Londres alors qu’il attendait son exécution, retrace l’agonie du Christ à Gethsémani dans les heures précédant son arrestation. Le De tristitia, tedio, pauore, et oratione Christi ante captionem eius, texte d’une grande intensité dévotionnelle et émotionnelle, n’en est pas moins marqué par les traits d’esprit et l’humour ironique caractéristiques de More. L’oeuvre est traduite en anglais quelque temps après le décès de More par sa petite-fille, Mary Roper, mais c’est seulement en 1557, après le mariage de cette dernière à James Basset, et alors qu’elle tient l’office de dame de compagnie (« lady of the privy chamber ») de la reine Marie Tudor, que la traduction est publiée. On la retrouve en effet dans l’édition des English Works de More par William Rastell (1557), qui présente Mary Basset comme une femme « tout à fait experte en latin et en anglais ». Bien que les notices biographiques et les ouvrages de référence sur l’écriture féminine anglaise à la Renaissance fassent mention de cette oeuvre — quoique parfois de manière erronée —, ainsi que des passages tirés de l’Histoire de l’Église d’Eusèbe que Basset avait précédemment traduits en latin et en anglais, ces textes n’ont jamais été étudiés. Afin de remédier à cette situation, cet article offre dans un premier temps une analyse détaillée de l’oeuvre remarquable que représente Of the sorowe, werinesse, feare, and prayer of Christ before hys taking. Il s’agit ici d’identifier les traits majeurs de cette traduction, mais aussi de les situer dans le contexte des pratiques traductologiques propres à l’humanisme européen et à l’Angleterre de l’ère Tudor.
Speech, Silence, and Storytelling: Marguerite de Navarre’s Heptameron and Narrative Therapy
Authors: Frelick Nancy
Published: June 2020

Dans le prologue de L’Heptaméron, Marguerite de Navarre met en scène des personnages visitant les bains de Cauterets dans les Pyrénées pour des raisons thérapeutiques. Venus prendre les eaux miraculeuses du lieu pour guérir leurs divers maux, ces “malades” se trouvent incapables de rentrer après leur cure, en raison des fortes pluies qui rendent les rivières infranchissables. Ces personnages, qui vont devenir les narrateurs ou devisants des nouvelles, se réfugient dans un monastère en attendant la reconstruction des ponts détruits par la violence des eaux, qui s’avèrent maintenant dévastatrices, voire mortelles. Ils décident de raconter des histoires pour passer le temps et éviter les maladies causées par l’oisiveté et l’ennui. La cure thermale cède donc la place à la thérapie narrative dans le cadre du récit. Mais nous aurons lieu de nous demander, à l’aide des théories de l’approche narrative (établies par Michael White et David Epston et inspirées en partie par Michel Foucault), si le discours est toujours bénéfique dans le texte, ou s’il ne contient pas des éléments plus inquiétants, voire néfastes, comme les eaux de la montagne ou comme les médicaments, qui peuvent, selon le cas, guérir ou faire périr.
Apocalyptic Tragicomedy for a Jacobean Audience: Dekker’s Whore of Babylon and Shakespeare’s Cymbeline
Authors: Minton Gretchen E.
Published: June 2020

Cet article place The Whore of Babylon de Dekker et le Cymbeline de Shakespeare dans la tradition de la tragi-comédie apocalyptique. Cette catégorie générique offre une façon de considérer ces deux pièces de théâtre comme des exemples du drame apocalyptique jacobéen, un genre qui, d’une part repose sur le dualisme inhérent à l’apocalypse, et d’autre part pointe vers une résolution du conflit en dehors du temps lui-même. La tragi-comédie apocalyptique s’est développée chez les auteurs protestants du XVIe siècle tels que John Fox, qui considérait l’apocalypse comme une tragédie pour les damnés, mais comme une tragi-comédie pour ceux qui seraient sauvés à la fin des temps. La popularité de ce genre au début du XVIIe siècle peut non seulement être mise en lien avec la politique de Jacques et avec les changements esthétiques de goût en matière de théâtre, mais peut également être mise en lien avec un renouvèlement de l’intérêt pour l’apocalypse, en particulier après la Conspiration des Poudres. Dekker et Shakespeare souligne le modèle de la tragi-comédie, en se concentrant sur deux aspects centraux du genre : l’exégèse apocalyptique et la lecture de l’histoire. La différence de leur approche se trouve dans le fait que Dekker insiste sur la fin des temps, alors que Shakespeare refuse d’aller au-delà de la confusion apocalyptique caractérisant le passage d’un temps vers l’autre.
« Marot y fut » : Le Discours de la court de Claude Chappuys
Authors: Preisig Florian
Published: June 2020

In 1543 Claude Chappuys published Le Discours de la court, a long poem in praise of the court of Francis I. This text, a hybrid of moral allegory and enumerative discourse, recalls themes, structures, and poetic language that can be found in Guillaume de Lorris, Jean Lemaire de Belges, and above all, as I will argue, Marot, with whom Chappuys had collaborated earlier, for example in the context of the Blasons anatomiques du corps féminin. Yet at the same time, and more importantly, this article demonstrates that Chappuys’s poem, despite its non-controversial tone, can be read as an implicit rejection of key aspects of Marot’s heritage. Indeed, Chappuys condemns Marot’s polemical vein indirectly through the negative depiction of the Pasquin-L’Arétin duo, a clear figure of the satirical genre, and through veiled allusions to L’Enfer and the coq-à-l’âne poems. This presence of Marot in the intertext of an extremely consensual work written for Francis I is all the more significant when one remarks that the Discours was published just a few months after Marot’s flight to Geneva, in a renewed context of interconfessional tension; it constitutes, so to say, the poem’s flipside. Symptomatically, the only direct mention of Marot in the Discours is laconic, "Marot was here," and can be read in different ways. This article can be seen as a discussion of this short phrase and its resonances, with special attention given to its specific location in the carefully elaborated catalogue of the court that makes up the second half of the work. Generally speaking, the following offers an introduction to Chappuys’ poem and attempts to rehabilitate a work that has been neglected or read primarily in a political perspective.
L’icône et l’idole. Les représentations de Marie Stuart dans l’œuvre de George Buchanan
Authors: Catellani-Dufrêne Nathalie
Published: June 2020

In 1561, George Buchanan definitely left France to live in Scotland where he became court poet of the Catholic Queen Mary Stewart, even if he publicly became Protestant. At the beginning, the humanist composed a few epigrams in which the queen is depicted as a good sovereign who restores the Golden Age in Scotland. A few years later, Buchanan depicted Mary Queen of Scots as a tyrant in his Rerum Scoticarum Historia, published in 1582. This article will provide a comparison between Buchanan’s different works (poetical works, tragedies and political and historical works) and show that the aesthetic choices and the references and quo- tations of ancient writers are based on Buchanan’s political thought about the Good King and the Tyrant, as we can read in the De jure regni apud Scotos dialogus, published in 1579.
To the issue of tin bronzes over the area of the Dnieper-Don region in the late bronze age
Authors: Бровендер Ю.М.
Published: June 2020

The paper is devoted to tin ores as an alloying impurity in the bronze production by the ancient population of the Dnieper-Don region in the Late Bronze Age. The eastern and western supply vectors providing the local population with both ore (cassiterite) and its products are considered. The author draws attention to the assumptions of some researchers not confirmed by geological surveys about the possibility of finding tin deposits in the Donbass and Krivoy Rog basin, which could probably have been developed in the Early Metal Age. An opinion was given regarding the production of bronze from copper ore with a high content of metals - impurities in the mineral phase and separately from polymetallic ore. In ancient times for the development of any mineral, its availability for development, as well as a great volume or high content of useful mineral in ore were indispensable conditions. Due to existing technologies, the requirements for minerals in antiquity were much higher than modern ones.

On the issue of tin raw materials for bronze production of the ancient population of Ukraine, attention is drawn to the assumption, not yet confirmed by geological surveys of some researchers (S.I. Tatarinov,  D.P. Kravets, D.P. Nedopako) on the possibility of finding tin deposits in such ore-rich regions of Ukraine as the Donbass and Krivoy Rog.

The experimental work carried out on the basis of ores of the Kartamysh ore occurrence have indeed confirmed the idea of chemical elements redistribution, when some metals decrease and others increase. This trend with reference to the results of spectral analyzes of Bakhmut ores, slags and products of the Donetsk Mining and Metallurgical Center, performed by E.N. Chernykh was noted by S.I. Tatarinov. However, to obtain bronze, a high percentage of bronze-forming impurities is required, including tin in the minerals. However, the copper and polymetallic ores of Donbass do not contain enough tin in the initial ore to produce tin bronze. A series of our experiments yielded just pure copper. Thus, the author reposes on the commune notion, according to which it is not possible to obtain bronze from copper ores of Donbass and bronze without on purpose input of the appropriate elements into the melt.
The role of the poles in the development of the sugar industry of the division and their part in the conditions order of the NKVD Union
Authors: Бут О.М.
Published: June 2020

The article analyzes the problems of development of sugar modernization of Ukraine in the conditions of Soviet industrialization. Based on the work, a wide range of both published works and new and in-depth researched documents of the Union bodies and the State Archives of Vinnitsa region, the Ukrainian Institute of National Memory (Kiev) and the Polish Institute of National Memory (Warsaw). Thanks to them, the focus is on little-known events and facts. It is revealed that among the repressed victims of the "Polish operation" of the NKVD the overwhelming majority were Poles, but there were also representatives of other nationalities, including Ukrainians. The truth and decency of the management and specialists of the regional sugar trust and factories have been documented. Historical memory calls for the continued deepening of the known and the search for the new fate of the repressed sugar workers of Podillya.It is important to emphasize that such legally unfounded and unproven indictments and rulings ended with transfers to extrajudicial authorities relatively quickly (in 2-3 months). The sentence was one - the execution with confiscation of property. By the way, not later than the second day of its implementation.

Based on the above, it follows that the "Polish operation" in the sugar industry of Ukraine on the example of Vinnitsa testified promptness of the NKVD bodies in the agreement of J. Stalin, who on the basis of his personal nature wanted to avenge the unsuccessful campaign and the crushing defeat of the Red Army with the slogan "! " in 1920 near Warsaw.

It seems that the researchers still have a lot to find out, to tell about the terrible consequences of Stalinist totalitarianism in Ukraine. Historical memory awaits the discovery of little-known names of citizens of republics of different nationalities, the perpetuation of their patriotic actions. Historians, lawyers, political scientists, specialists in other specialties are still heavily indebted to the victims of disenfranchisement, and local authorities and self-government bodies should think about preserving the memory of these names in the names of new streets, avenues, squares.
Genesis of women movement in the context of gender relationsin Ukraine (second half of XIX - beginning of XX century)
Authors: Михайлюк В.П. , Михайлюк O.I.
Published: June 2020

The purpose and tasks of the article are to summarize and analyze the organizational forms of the genesis of the women's movement in Ukraine in the second half of the nineteenth - early twentieth centuries; highlighting their specificity in the time intervals proposed by the authors in each of the three stages; opening on the basis of the first organized women's groups and societies in the Dnieper Ukraine and the Western Ukrainian lands of joint orientation of actions in realization of tasks of achievement of gender equality.

On the first - emancipatory - there is a process of origin and formation of women's movement at first thanks activities of S. Kovalevska, E. Miloradovych, H. Alchevska and other prominent Ukrainian women. The activity is carried out by charity, dissemination of education, etc. From the mid-80's the first organized circles were formed O. Dobrogaeva and N. Kobrynska. At the same time, close ties are being established with leading Ukrainian figures I. Franko, M. Drahomanov and Ukrainian-language publishing activity is being established.

The second stage is characterized by the formation of women's societies of moral and ethical and socio-political direction. Their number is growing significantly. The politicization of the women's movement is becoming widespread. Expanding political slogans in his activities. At the First All-Russian Congress, two women's currents are being formed movement: liberal-democratic and social-democratic.

The third is characterized by some weakening of women's societies due to the reaction in society, the final separation of the two currents in the women's movement and the outflow of some activists to the ranks of political parties.

The revival of the movement began in 1909 with the formation of a new type of organization - independent organizations feminist orientation - Women's Clubs. Their activities and representation in the All-Russian and international forums. Women received partial rights in the socio-political and social spheres.

It is emphasized that legal changes, even inconsistent ones, in the Russian and Austro-Hungarian empires have had a definite impact on the process of Ukrainian women's rethinking their position and the spread of emancipatory ideas; more women's access to education; familiarizing them with civilizational approaches to the women's issue of domestic and foreign figures. It is proved that the development of organizational forms of the women's movement and its politicization were influenced by factors of general politicization and the development of the general social-political movement.
Researches of higher education development in Ukraine (1990s)
Authors: Січкаренко Г.Г.
Published: June 2020

The article deals with the state of research in the contemporary historical scientific literature of the problems of higher Ukrainian education in the 1990s, and clarifies a range of topical and promising issues for the study of the educational field. Various studies on the history of higher education in Ukraine are controversial. After all, the evolution of educational systems is determined by the educational policy, which is a field of interaction, interconnection of different social groups with the involvement of public institutions to realize their interests and needs. The consistency and directionality of the analysis is ensured by the use of the problem-chronological approach and the structural-functional method, which allows to determine the level of knowledge regarding the different stages of development of the educational process in the scientific literature.Therefore, the historiography of the development of higher education in Ukraine in the 1990s has undergone several major stages. The writings of the early 1990s were dominated by negative evaluations of Soviet higher education and over-optimistic expectations about its reform and borrowing from the achievements of the Western Defense Law.

The purpose of the article is to provide a historiographical overview of the basic scientific approaches of historians to the development of higher education in Ukraine in the 1990s.In modern research, there is a tendency to consider higher education in the 1990s through the prism of certain elements of its system: legislation, structural changes, quantitative indicators, funding and more. There is a lack of research that combines all the components of higher education and, most importantly, with the subjects of the educational process, human potential. The complex causes of the crisis phenomena in higher education, the peculiarities of the formation of the higher education network, the role of public organizations, the protection of the interests of participants in the educational process, the shadow relations, and so on, remain unanswered. To this day, comprehensive coverage by historians of the deep problems of higher education is relevant, which will help to understand the causes of its current crisis and the optimal ways to solve it.
Informative saturation of ego documents as a historical source
Authors: Бондаренко П.С.
Published: June 2020

The paper attempts to determine the place and role of ego - documents in historical source studies. Specific source material (memoirs of Akmolin detainees' detention camps for the wives of traitors to the Motherland) describes the features of this type of documents in historical, psychological, linguistic aspects. It is proposed to determine the following by the results of intelligence: first, ego - documents are described as part of a group of sources known in the scientific classification as sources of personal origin; second, the use of ego documents, according to the author, will enhance anthropocentric approaches to the study of particular topics and problems, especially those associated with periods of radical change in society, which have had mostly tragic consequences for individuals and families. These are the events of the 1930s, the Great Terror; thirdly, the reference to ego exclusively - the documents artificially narrows the original base of the study, and therefore offers a comprehensive approach to its definition in order to create an objective and multi-vector picture of our past.

For the researcher, the emergence of a new type of documentary base raises several questions: first, whether the term "ego - document" is not simply a modern synonym for an already established type of documents that we classify as documents of personal origin; secondly, what is the peculiarity of this type of documents, and, finally, thirdly, what information load the said documents carry. We will try to answer these questions in this paper, because that is exactly how we have defined its purpose.

In domestic historiography, interest in "ego - documents" has become particularly noticeable with the intensification of oral history research, which aims at "knowing and understanding the individual experience of man as the main protagonist of history", even if the term is rarely used by researchers.

It is these peculiarities that determine the significance of these documents for the researcher, because they make it possible to grasp the whole tragedy of the situation at that time, to understand the inner world of ordinary people, to define the true and not demonstrably propaganda features of the "Soviet man".
Power supply of urban residents in nazi occupied Ukraine (between 1941 – 1944)
Authors: Фомін А.В.
Published: June 2020

In this article, from the standpoint of anthropocentrism, social history, the history of everyday life, the problem of energy supply to residents of Ukrainian cities during the years of Nazi occupation is analyzed. Energy in an industrial society is one of the most important sectors of the economy, ensuring the functioning of industry, transport, water supply and sanitation, lighting and heating of homes. It plays a particularly important role in the life of cities, because the city’s infrastructure is the center of population, industry and transport, high-rise buildings, and its normal operation without electricity is impossible. The study reveals the features of the restoration and operation of power plants, street lighting in cities, the cost of electricity, its availability for different groups of the urban population. Aspects of the functioning of urban electric vehicles are also discussed in the article. It is proven that the lack of electricity was felt throughout the entire period of occupation. Its absence restrained the restoration of communal services. Electricity was used primarily by German military units, Volksdeutsche, enterprises and official institutions. The methods of lighting and heating homes that were used by citizens during the years of occupation are considered. In the most difficult period in the winter of 1942, the local population was completely deprived of the right to use electricity at home. Violent measures (up to the execution) were threatened for violation of the order. The reverse situation was observed among the Wehrmacht soldiers who did not save electricity. In general, energy supply could not meet the needs of either the civilian population or industry, especially in the cold periods of the year. The reasons for this situation were the Soviet scorched earth tactics, the evacuation of all resources to the east of the USSR, the Reich’s policy of looting and removal of electrical equipment, the lack of fuel and the general energy crisis in Germany as a result of the failure of the blitzkrieg. In their turn, the Nazis themselves, when retreating, also resorted to scorched earth tactics, which, along with heavy fighting and moving of the front line, completely deprived the population of electricity at the final stage of occupation and the Soviet-German war.
SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA, DELUSIONS OF CONTROL, MANIFESTATIONS OF SELF-DESTRUCTIVE BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL MALFUNCTIONING WHO HOSPITALIZED FORCIBLY AND VOLUNTARILY
Authors: Boltivets Sergii , Bashynskyi Oleksandr , Zahariichuk Olha
Published: June 2020

The aim of the research was to explore the socio-demographic characteristics of patients with schizophrenia with delusional ideas of influence, manifestations of self-destructive behavior, and social dysfunction, who are hospitalized both forcibly and voluntarily. The study involved 155 patients diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia. The patients were divided into two groups: the main group of 80 patients and the comparison group of 75 persons. The socio-demographic data obtained for the groups were processed using clinical-psychopathological, psychodiagnostic, and statistical methods. From the analysis it was noted that compulsorily hospitalized patients with schizophrenia showed fairly high levels of violence and victimization. Patients in the compulsorily hospitalized group had a higher severity of manifestations of self-destructive behavior and of delusional ideas of influence with fantastic content. Also, there was a difference in the level of social dysfunction between the two groups. The results will be used in the development of the program of medical and social rehabilitation of the studied contingent of patients.
Keywords: delusional ideas, compulsorily hospitalized patients, life quality, medical and social rehabilitation, self-destructive behavior, schizophrenia, social maladaptation.
TRACING THE EFFECTS OF STUDENTS’ CENTERED TEACHERS’ PEDAGOGICAL APPROACHES ON LEARNERS’ EDUCATIONAL GAINS: CASE OF PUBLIC SECTOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS
Authors: Hassan Mehboob Ul , Akbar Rafaqat Ali
Published: June 2020

Applications of teachers’ pedagogical approaches for learners’ educational gains have been remained one of the educational debates since ago. Teachers transfer chunk of information among students through implementing techniques to strengthen teaching learning process. Relevance of ground-breaking instructional strategies put concrete effect on students’ entire academic success. Present quantitative research was conducted to explore the effect of teachers’ usage of students’ centered teachers’ pedagogical approaches on students’ educational gains. Researchers adopted ex-post-fact research design on sample of 800 respondents; 400 urban and 400 rural students randomly selected from public sector secondary schools of District Kasur Punjab-Province of Pakistan. Data were collected by administering self-constructed questionnaire mode of 5-point Likert type options. Validity of the instrument was confirmed from experts and Cronbach’s Alpha was applied to ensure instrument’s reliability scores; .864. Learners’ educational gains of science and arts students were obtained from gazette of Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Lahore. Results of independent sample t-test and regression analysis ascertained that teachers’ centered students’ pedagogical approaches effect 58% on learners’ educational gains whereas brainstorming 43%, inquiry 57%, problem solving 54% and cooperative technique effect 50% on learners’ educational gains. Science teachers were making more use of brainstorming, inquiry, problem solving, and cooperative teaching as compared to arts teachers. Study recommends that Govt. may train heads of the institutions on students’ centered teachers’ pedagogical approaches and bound them to implement with true spirit and vigor through teachers to overcome science and specially arts students’ declining level of educational gains; stakeholders’ cause for concern. Keywords: brainstorming, cooperative teaching, inquiry base, learners’ educational gains, problem solving.
ANALISIS KESULITAN GURU IPS DALAM MENYUSUN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN DI SMP NEGERI KECAMATAN IBU
Authors: Hasim Jainudin
Published: June 2020

Researching aims to know the ability of teachers in drafting device of learning in Junior High School the country Mother Subdistrict of West Halmahera Regency.this is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. The population in this research, is a teacher-teacher Mother in Subdistrict 5 IPS schools with numbered 8 teachers. Engineering data collection i.e. observation, interview and documentation.The validity of the data in this study using triangular techniques i.e. checking from a variety of sources in different ways. Qualitative data analysis techniques, namely, the reduction of the data, the presentation of the data, and draw conclusions. Based on the results of the it can be concluded that: the ability of a teacher in drawing up a learning device in Sub junior's mother is still having difficulty in integrating various social material into SK/KD/indicators as well as the selection of appropriate learning materials.Keywords: teacher trouble, IPS, Device learning
KESADARAN HUKUM BERLALU LINTAS PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS XI SMK NEGERI 2 KOTA TERNATE
Authors: Hasan Rusdi , Faisal Faisal
Published: June 2020

This study aims to determine the legal traffic awareness of first grade students of SMK Negeri 2 Kota Ternate. To find out the understanding or knowledge of students as an effort the traffic police can improve the discipline of motorized traffic. This research was conducted at SMK Negeri 2 Kota Ternate. This study used a qualitative approach with descriptive methods, with the number of respondents is15 students, among them the principal, vice principal of student affairs, vice principal of curriculum, PKN teachers and students. Data collection techniques use observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data analysis in research using data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. Based on the results of the study, there was a decrease in traffic law awareness. The results of the study showed that traffic legal legal awareness of class XI students of SMK Negeri 2 Ternate is still very low, this was caused because there were several inhibiting factors, among which it indicated that motorists in particular two wheels the whole has started in traffic discipline, is one of the alternative ways to increase legal awareness of traffic discipline of motorized motorbike traffic, especially two-wheeled riders. But in its implementation there are still obstacles faced by the Satlantas Ternate. Among other things, originating from the quality of students (community driving behavior) road arrangement and inadequate traffic signs. Keywords: Legal awareness, student traffic, and SMK Negeri 2 Kota Ternate
Liderazgo, cultura y prácticas inclusivas desde la mirada de equipos directivos de establecimientos educativos
Authors: Sotomayor Soloaga Pedro , Muñoz Hormazábal Joselyn , Martínez Maldonado Paulina , Araya Cortés Alexis
Published: June 2020

Gestionar la diversidad es uno de los grandes desafíos de la educación en la actualidad, discurso impulsado en Chile por la entrada en vigencia de la Ley 20.845. Considerando el rol de la gestión directiva en la construcción de comunidades educativas inclusivas, se presenta un estudio con enfoque cualitativo cuyo objetivo fue indagar en los significados que los miembros de equipos directivos de dos establecimientos educacionales otorgan al liderazgo y liderazgo inclusivo como elementos que favorecen prácticas inclusivas e impulsan el desarrollo de culturas inclusivas. Los hallazgos evidencian la identificación de los conceptos de participación y toma de decisiones colectiva como elementos centrales del liderazgo inclusivo, enfatizando en la centralidad de los valores inclusivos en la instauración de culturas inclusivas. Se concluye que las prácticas inclusivas identificadas parecieran ser sólo un primer paso de una reflexión-acción mucho más amplia y profunda para una necesaria mirada holística y estratégica de la inclusión.
Habilidades sociales en Engagement y desempeño académico en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Cajas Bravo Veronica , Paredes Perez Marco Antonio , Pasquel Loarte Lorenzo , Pasquel Cajas Alexander Frank
Published: June 2020

El estudio del engagement se ha convertido en uno de los temas principales de investigación en contextos académicos. La presente investigación buscó determinar la relación entre engagement y el desempeño académico en estudiantes universitarios. La población-muestra esta conformada por 298 estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú; el instrumento utilizado fue la escala UWES sobre engagement académico; para evaluar el desempeño se emplearon los promedios consolidados en tres carreras profesionales. Los resultados indican que no existe correlación significativa entre las variables estudiadas, siendo la correlación significativa en el nivel 0,05 (bilateral), con un p-valor del 0.33. La correlación de Spearman muestra un nivel de relación no significativa, con un coeficiente de 0.123. Los estudiantes se desenvuelven con niveles de motivación interna personal; la principal conclusión es que pese a las condiciones adversas y desmotivación mantienen un desempeño académico equilibrado.
Transnacionalismo localizado: las paradojas de la migración en la era de la inmovilidad involuntaria
Authors: Sobczyk Rita , Soriano Miras Rosa , Caballero Calvo Andrés
Published: June 2020

This study analyzes the phenomenon of “localized transnationalism.” The concept refers to the prolonged and intense maintenance of cross-border connections by migrants whose capacity for geographic mobility is very limited. The study is based on ethnographic research which focused on Senegalese migrants in southern Spain. The results contribute to the debate on transnationalism by providing empirical evidence which demonstrates that migrants can engage in transnational practices even if they are excluded, due to administrative and economic obstacles, from transnational mobility.
Ünsüz İkizleşmesinin Türkçedeki Akustik Görünümleri
Authors: UZUN İpek Pınar , REYHAN Kader
Published: June 2020

Bu
araştırmada, Türkçede içses konumunda oluşan ünsüz ikizleşmesinin akustik
sesbilgisel görünümleri betimlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Ergenç ve Bekâr (2013)’te
geliştirilen ünsüz ikizleşmesi modelinin akustik sesbilgisel açıdan nasıl bir
işleyişi olduğunu araştıran bu çalışmada şu sorulara yanıt aranmaktadır: (a) Türkçede
ünsüz ikizleşmesi, ikizleşen ünsüz çiftlerinin süreleri arasında ünsüzlerin
fiziksel özelliklerine dayalı bir farklılık oluşturmakta mıdır? (b) Türkçede
ünsüz çiftlerinin titreşim özelliklerindeki farklılıklara dayalı olarak F2
formant frekansında ayırıcı özellik gösteren bir farklılık görülmekte midir? (c)
Türkçede ikizleşme içeren ünsüz çiftleri ile modelde sınıflandırılan ünsüzler
arasında akustik sesbilgisel özellikleri açısından uyumluluk bulunmakta mıdır?
(d) İkizleşen ünsüz çiftlerinin akustik özellikleri, Türkçede ünsüzlerin
üçboyutluluk (bkz. Selen 1979; Ergenç, 1989) özellikleriyle benzerlik ya da
farklılık göstermekte midir? Araştırmanın örneklem grubu anadili Türkçe olan 20
sağlıklı katılımcılardan oluşmaktadır. Dış sesten yalıtılmış bir ortamda toplanan
sözlü dil verileri, formant frekansları, sesletim süreleri ve yoğunluk
değerleri açısından incelenmiştir. İstatistiksel veriler, R dilinde Doğrusal
Karma Analizi Modeli çerçevesinde çözümlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular,
Türkçede Ünsüz İkizleşmesi Modelinde tekünsüzleşme sınıflamasındaki ünsüzlerin
yeniden değerlendirilmesi ve ikizleşmenin ünsüzlerin üçboyutluluğuna göre incelenmesi
gerekliliğini ortaya koymuştur.
NULL/OVERT SUBJECTS IN RICH AGREEMENT LANGUAGES
Authors: KURAM Kadri
Published: June 2020

Chomsky’s (1982) Extended Projection Principle (EPP) seems to be voided in some languages where the reference of subject can be recovered either from the agreement morphology on verb or from discourse where agreement is not available. Known as the null subject phenomenon, this has sparkled a great deal of discussion and cross-linguistic research in theoretical linguistics. Furthermore, null subjects are so common in null subject languages that subjects can only surface under strict conditions. Yet when these conditions are met null subject languages behave like non-null subject languages. That is, under the right discourse conditions subjects have to be overt regardless. I investigate in this paper how and why subjects remain unexpressed as well as how and why they have to be expressed in a null subject language; namely Turkish. In doing so, I reveal novel data contradicting the predictions made by Holmberg (2005, 2010a) regarding the theoretical account and classification of null subject languages. Finally, I offer a minimalist version of the subject deletion method developed by Roberts (2010) for null subjects.
Femoral Trochlea Morphology: A Gender and Bilateral Comparative Study Using MRI
Authors: GÜNAYDIN Elif , DURAN Semra
Published: June 2020

Objective: The sulcus angle and trochlear depth have been widely used in the literature as a measure of trochlear morphology. The purpose of our study was to assess gender-based anatomical differences of the femoral trochlea using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Materials and Methods: A total of 100 patients (50 women, 50 men) were included in our study. All patients had both their knees analyzed; trochlear morphology was measured using trochlear depth, and the femoral sulcus angle on axial MR images.Results: The mean trochlear depths in the men and women were 9.1 ± 1.5 mm and 6.9 ± 1.4 mm, and the mean femoral sulcus angles in the men and women were 127 ± 9.3° and 134.7 ± 8.6°, respectively. Using MRI, no statistically significant differences were found between the right and left knees. Conclusion: This study demonstrates significant gender differences in trochlear morphology. The trochlear groove is significantly less deep and shallower amongst women than in men.
SUBMÜKÖZ KOLON LİPOMU: BİR OLGU SUNUMU
Authors: PAKSOY Serpil , ALTUN Eren , BAŞBUĞ Murat , ALIŞ SÖYLEYİCİ Nevroz
Published: June 2020

Gastrointestinal sistemin en sık epitelyal olmayan benign tümörü olan lipom kolonda nadir olarak görülür. Bu yazıda karın ağrısı şikayeti olan 55 yaşında erkek hastada kolonoskopide çıkan kolonda lümeni tıkayan polipoid kitle sunulmaktadır. Olgu yapılan histolojik incelemede submukozal lipom tanısı almıştır.