bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dr Karlo Kiko (Karol Kiko, 1813-1869) - One of the Slovaks in the Serbian health service in the 19th century
Authors: Jovanovic-Simic Jelena
Published: September 2017

Dr. Karlo Kiko was one of the many doctors from the former Austrian empire
living and working in the Principality of Serbia in the 19th century. He was
born in Uhrovec, in Slovakia, which was then part of the Kingdom of Hungary -
the part of the Austrian Empire. Kiko was promoted to the Doctor of Medicine
in Pest in 1845. In his youth, he dealt with alternative ways of healing, he
explored medicinal herbs and mineral waters and published several expert
papers. He was a regular member of the Royal Hungarian Natural Science
Society. As a physician in the troupe of General Mor Percel, he participated
in the Hungarian Revolution of 1848/49. Kiko spent the last eleven years in
Serbia working as a physician of the Knjazevac County, as a doctor of the
Belgrade municipality and a military doctor - a surgeon of the Military
Hospital in Belgrade. Although he is considered a respectable person in the
Region of Trenin, from which he emerged, in Slovakia it is not known that he
have lived and died in Serbia. The goals of this paper are to round Kiko's
biography with "Serbian period" and to present the personality of a worker in
the Serbian health service in the past.
Proyecto de investigación aplicada: Aplicaciones de los polímeros en la medicina.Parte II: Materiales poliméricos biodegradables y bioabsorbibles
Authors: Benavides Cuellar Mariano Antonio
Published: September 2017

Se  describen los avances tecnológicos en la obtención y aplicación médica de materiales poliméricos biodegradables y bioabsorbibles.
Influencia del bombardeo iónico sobre la microestructura y las propiedades mecánicas de los recubrimientos duros
Authors: Bejarano Gilberto
Published: September 2017

Se describe el proyecto formulado por el Centro ASTIN "Recubrimientos duros de las herramientas de producción en serie obtenidos por la deposición física de vapor asistida por un Plasma"  utilizando un sistema de Magnetron Sputtering para la fabricación de los recubrimientos, con miras a disminuir el fenómeno del desgaste, mejorar el comportamiento de las herramientas utilizadas en el sector metalmecánico y del plástico y a incrementar la productividad y la competitividad de este sector productivo.
La metalización galvánica de los plásticos
Authors: Española, S.A. Mac Dermid
Published: September 2017

Se establecen las diferencias entre el recubrimiento galvánico y el metalizado al vacío, ya que son dos procesos muy distintos, tanto en su aspecto y como en sus prestaciones mecanicas.
Planering, progression, profession: hur studenter blir planerare
Authors: Larsson Lars
Published: September 2017

De kunskaper som utvecklas med stöd i de nationella examensmålen för värderingsförmåga och förhållningssätt är de som ligger närmast den professionella identiteten. Denna kunskapskategori ges begränsat utrymme i de förväntade studieresultat som examineras inom samhällsplanerarprogrammet vid Umeå universitet. Trots detta får studenterna anställning som planerare, ofta kort efter att de tagit sin kandidatexamen. Syftet med denna studie är därför att undersöka hur kunskapsmässig progression underbyggs avseende värderingsförmåga och förhållningssätt i en planerarutbildning med kulturgeografi som huvudområde. I denna artikel redovisas en analys av samhällsplanerarprogrammet. De kurser i kulturgeografi som ingår i programmet analyseras utifrån förväntade studieresultat, läraktiviteter och examinationsformer i syfte att spåra den planerade progressionen. Särskild uppmärksamhet ägnas kunskapskategorin värderingsförmåga och förhållningssätt. Resultaten diskuteras utifrån en modell för att förstå vilka typer av kunskaper som används vid avvägningar och beslut i planeringsprofessionen. Analysen visar att samhällsplanerarprogrammets planerade progression följer principen att först ge studenterna breda ämneskunskaper, därefter utveckla metodfärdigheter och mot slutet utveckla mer komplexa och handlingsinriktade kunskaper. Den visar också att den planerade progressionen är begränsad i att underbygga normativa aspekter av studenternas värderingsförmåga och förhållningssätt.
CONTEXTO, CURRÍCULO E FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES EM UM CURSO DE FISIOTERAPIA
Authors: Gaeta Cecília
Published: September 2017

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a intrínseca relação que se estabelece entre contexto, currículo e formação docente. A origem do estudo foi a intenção de uma equipe de professores de reformular o curso para a implantação de um currículo por competência. Trata-se de um estudo analítico, baseado em referencial teórico e na vivência de uma experiência de planejamento no processo de formação de professores da equipe docente de um curso de bacharelado em Fisioterapia de uma universidade estadual de São Paulo. Ao longo do trabalho, discute-se os conceitos de contexto, currículo e formação de professores relacionando-os e integrando-os à realidade da área da saúde e aos princípios educacionais próprios para o ensino superior. Para exemplificar a discussão teórica, o texto apresenta o “Projeto Oficina”, elaborado em conjunto com a equipe de fisioterapia. A conclusão do estudo é que, baseado em princípios defendidos no artigo, o “Projeto Oficina” destaca-se por apresentar características adequadas para a formação do professor que participa de um currículo inovador na área da saúde.
A INFLUÊNCIA DOS ORGANISMOS MULTILATERAIS INTERNACIONAIS NA FORMAÇÃO DAS POLÍTICAS BRASILEIRAS DE ALFABETIZAÇÃO
Authors: De Oliveira Lidiane Malheiros Mariano , Guimarães Lucélia Tavares
Published: September 2017

As políticas públicas de educação têm sido elaboradas de modo a atender as exigências constantes nos documentos propostos por organismos multilaterais internacionais, cujos resultados indicam conquistas de alguns avanços e desafios que ainda precisam ser superados. Este artigo tem como propósito estabelecer reflexão sobre as políticas públicas de alfabetização para a educação básica no Brasil. Apresenta como objetivo compreender quais são, na atualidade, as influências da regulação transnacional dos organismos multilaterais nas políticas de alfabetização em nível nacional. Foi realizada uma análise crítica desses documentos para compreender como o tema ‘alfabetização’ aparece nos documentos oficiais desses órgãos, quais sejam: UNESCO, UNICEF e Banco Mundial. O estudo abordou as perspectivas legais de acordo com o ‘Plano de Meta Compromisso Todos pela Educação’, o ‘Plano de Desenvolvimento da Educação’ (PDE) e o ‘Plano Nacional de Educação’ (PNE/2014), que sustentam a criação dessas políticas. A partir dos estudos de documentos elaborados após a conferência mundial de “Educação para todos”, em 1990, foi possível verificar muita similaridade entre os aspectos priorizados nas recomendações de organismos multilaterais e as políticas implantadas no Brasil.
Do trauma individual ao trauma coletivo. Os Xiitas do sul do Líbano e os bombardeios israelenses 2006
Authors: Zugueib Neto Jamil
Published: September 2017

O artigo é uma síntese das pesquisas de campo realizadas com a comunidade xiita do sul do Líbano em 2008. Procurou-se averiguar a conexão e superposição do trauma individual ao trauma coletivo na luta de resistência à invasão das forças israelenses a suas terras. O grupo étno-confessional participa depois de décadas de uma conjuntura nacional de enfrentamentos mortíferos entre suas comunidades. De outro lado da fronteira, há Israel, o inimigo que depois de submeter sua região por vinte anos, volta a atacá-los em 2006. Foram registradas vinte entrevistas com indivíduos de ambos os sexos, cujas questões abertas objetivaram suas histórias de vida. A análise de conteúdo do material permitiu sua separação em três grupos. Os depoimentos de seus representantes coloca em relevo o grau de afetação provocado pelos eventos. Averiguamos as disposições psíquicas desses sujeitos que vivem constantemente situações de stress e de eventos traumáticos. Observamos o papel da identificação grupal à mensagem de seus mitos fundadores e como fator de reforço egoico no enfrentamento a esse real catastrófico.
Paternidade e cuidado: “novos conceitos”, velhos discursos
Authors: Bernardi Denise
Published: September 2017

Este artigo teve por objetivo refletir acerca da paternidade e o cuidado, na atualidade. Iniciamos nossa reflexão apresentando um percurso histórico acerca da paternidade e o cuidado, em seguida discutimos os aspectos relacionados ao gênero e ao ato de cuidar. Após discorremos sobre as transformações paternas e novos papéis assumidos pelo homem na contemporaneidade. Diante das reflexões acerca deste estudo, observamos que o conceito de paternidade permanece em transformação, o que nos permite considerar que ser pai na atualidade envolva inúmeros desafios. Apesar dos conceitos acerca da paternidade seguirem se modificando, velhos discursos acerca da função materna e da função paterna ainda mostram-se muito presente. Concluímos desse modo que a família contemporânea ainda conserva traços da família patriarcal, na qual a mãe era a cuidadora exclusiva dos filhos. Esse aspecto parece contribuir para que o envolvimento do pai no cuidado aos filhos e os benefícios dessa relação ainda não sejam totalmente valorizados e reconhecidos.
APRENDER VIVIENDO EL ENTORNO
Authors: López Torres Esther , Velasco Sanz Ana María
Published: September 2017

En este artículo, presentamos unas propuestas de trabajo, desarrolladas con el alumnado del Grado de Educación Primaria de la Facultad de Educación de Palencia, que se centran en la utilización del entorno como eje central para generar aprendizajes. Nuestras propuestas parten de la convicción de que en la formación de maestros es fundamental experimentar y vivenciar tanto el enfoque globalizador que se pretende adoptar en la enseñanza Primaria, como el interdisciplinar que caracteriza al ámbito científico.

Para generar nuevos aprendizajes consideramos que tan importantes como los conocimientos académicos son las emociones, las actitudes hacia la ciencia y los propios valores; condicionados por las propias experiencias personales y sociales. Estas premisas nos han llevado a redefinir nuestro modelo de enseñanza buscando que los contenidos de aprendizaje, tanto de las ciencias experimentales como de las ciencias sociales, tengan un sentido para los estudiantes, de modo que les permitan aprender a pensar y pensar para actuar, descubriendo en los problemas de nuestro mundo actual un reto que llama a comprometerse en su resolución.
Hematological Study in Three Lines of Quail and Their Crosses
Authors: Meshabaz Ronak A. , Sulaiman Kurdman M. , Hussen Shekhmous H. , Berwary Mwafaq S. , Saleh Jamila S. , Ahmed Saif A. , Mohammed Najat J.
Published: September 2017

The present study was conducted at poultry laboratories, department of animal production, Agriculture College, Duhok University, Kurdistan region, Iraq, (2016). Three lines of quail (White, light brown and dark brown) and their crosses that resulted from diallel cross design; aged 8 weeks old were used. A total of 54 blood samples by about 5 ml, from both sexes within each genotype aged 8 weeks old, were collected directly after slaughtering and bleeding for 3 second. PVC %, hemoglobin (Hb), Hetrophyl (H), Lymphocyte (L), H/L ratio, total protein, globulin, albumen and cholesterol were studied. The results showed insignificant differences among genotypes and between sexes for both PVC and Hb, while H, L, H/L, total protein, globulin, albumen and cholesterol appeared high significant (p<0.01) differences among the nine studied genotypes. The effect of sex was significant (p<0.05) for H, L and cholesterol. Interaction between genotype and sex was just significant for albumen. There was a significant negative correlation between H/L ratio and globulin (-0.39). Dependence of H/L ratio on globulin, resulted in derives a prediction equation.
Design and Implementation of Student and Alumni Web Portal
Authors: Sabri Shaimaa Q. , Ahmad Akeela M. , Abdulrazaq Maiwan B.
Published: September 2017

The Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has witnessed great development in the recent years. Therefore, the design of Students and Alumni Web Portal (SAWP) involves the analysis of the internal and external environment of the three universities. For this آ آ purpose, SWOT technique has been used to detect the deep effect of environment factors on the strategic plan to discover the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats facing the design of the proposed system. SAWP was designed using (MySQL, HTML, CSS, Java Script, jQuery, PHP, AJAX) techniques to provide robust portal system addressing two subsystems: student and alumni portal system. Testing of the SAWP was administered through two main stages: the first, to identify the studentâ€™s views and their preferences. The second to measure the usability of the system through using System Usability Scale (SUS) method with subscription of 22 potential آ آ system users. The best results of SUS testing are: the rate of overall satisfaction was high nearly 80%. While the implementation outcomes found very compatibility and reasonable in wide extents between available data and system requirements.
Designing and Implementing of An Online Library Managment System
Authors: Abdulrazaq Maiwan B. , Mustafa Omar M.
Published: September 2017

One of the most important fields in education is library. The library is a fast-growing system. The traditional methods of maintaining it are no longer dynamic and efficient. For expeditious retrieval and dissemination of information and better service for the clientele, an application of modern techniques has become absolutely indispensable. A properly computerized library will help its users with quick and prompt services. Therefore, this Paper produces an efficient Online Library Management System (OLMS) for university campus. The main purpose of this Paper is to design and implement the (OLMS). The OLMS consists of two modules: External Pages Module and Internal Pages Module. The first module is with limited operation such as (viewing, searching and registration request). The second module for the personal account can do the operations like (storing, searching, viewing, borrowing, downloading and etc.). The system controllers are two types. The first one is the (Co_Admin) which can manage library operation. The second one is the administrator which can create and manage university libraries and also can create (Co_Admin) for each faculty library. The system can generate different types of reports and can also calculate the (fines) on the users, also any request or response will be done by E-Mail and short message service (SMS). The OLMS was designed and implemented by using (MySQL, HTML, CSS, PHP, JavaScript, JQuery, Ajax and Bootstrap) techniques. The system was tested in two phases: the first phase identifies the views and preferences of users with the specification of the system outputs, depending on the requirements of the proposed system. The second phase measures the abilities of the system through System Usability Scale (SUS) technique with the contribution of 26 potential users of the system and the recorded rate 76% as overall satisfaction of OLMS implementation. A reasonable degree of compatibility and harmony between the university and the system requirements of application has been found in the University of Zakho.
Segurança em Edifícios Habitacionais
Authors: Gomes António Augusto Araújo , Ramos Sérgio Filipe Carvalho
Published: September 2017

A segurança de pessoas e bens é um aspeto fundamental na qualidade de vida das pessoas.Independentemente das caraterísticas arquitetónicas dos edifícios, da sua utilização prevista, do risco ou complexidade de cada instalação, deverão ser estudados, desenvolvidos e implementados sistemas de proteção e segurança, capazes de garantir o conforto e a segurança dos ocupantes e a proteção dos seus bens.Nos edifícios habitacionais, verifica-se a instalação de, principalmente, sistemas automáticos de intrusão.
Do Bloco Privativo de Assinante (BPA) ao Armário de Telecomunicações Individual (ATI)
Authors: Gomes António Augusto Araújo , Ramos Sérgio Filipe Carvalho
Published: September 2017

Na década de 50 do século XX foi publicado o Decreto n.º 41486 de 30 de Dezembro de 1957 que regulamentou as estações receptoras de radiodifusão, decorrentes da evolução da “caixa que mudou o mundo”, a televisão.
Forças Eletromagnéticas de Curtos‐Circuitos em Circuitos Trifásicos Simétricos
Authors: Sarmento Rui Manuel Aguiar de Morais
Published: September 2017

Este trabalho descreve uma metodologia de cálculo que pretende apresentar um aperfeiçoamento na obtenção das forças electromagnéticas entre condutores de um sistema trifásico simétrico, nas situações mais desfavoráveis de curto‐circuito, nomeadamente no período subtransitório e na ocorrência da corrente de choque de curto‐circuito num dos condutores. Analisa os configurações geométricas mais comuns dos condutores, em esteira ou triângulo. Os programas de cálculo automático foram desenvolvidos com MATLAB que tornou possível a obtenção de resultados de elevada precisão, numa incursão na dualidade espaço‐tempo do campo forças. Os resultados permitem abrir uma reflexão no estabelecido e universalmente aceite sobre as máximas forças de curto‐circuito.
Veículos Elétricos
Authors: Silva Vera Lúcia Paiva da
Published: September 2017

A necessidade de reduzir a dependência Europeia dos combustíveis fósseis e de reduzir o nível de emissões de dióxido de carbono oriundos do sector dos transportes deu origem a uma necessidade de desenvolver novas tecnologias e soluções de mobilidade. Uma das soluções que se apresenta como promissora é a substituição de veículos movidos por motores de combustão térmica por veículos elétricos (VE) e veículos híbridos recarregáveis (VHR).
Servidor de Automação e Automação LEAN. Para uma GTC mais otimizada
Authors: Electrónica e Automatismo Infocontrol
Published: September 2017

Durante muito tempo, os integradores e instaladores foram confrontados pelos diversos fabricantes de automação por desenvolvimentos que faziam com que os clientes finais ficassem cada vez mais presos às suas soluções proprietárias com softwares dedicados, redes dedicadas e drivers dedicados. E o paradigma de uma instalação facilmente se torna num conjunto heterogéneo de diferentes soluções proprietárias como se de ilhas isoladas se tratassem ou com a necessidade de software SCADA com drivers e interfaces para todas essas soluções.
ZAP – Muito mais que um acesso privilegiado
Authors: Ramos Sérgio Filipe Carvalho , Silva António
Published: September 2017

Parafraseando as prescrições e especificações técnicas da 2ª Edição do Manual de Infraestruturas de Telecomunicações em Edifícios (ITED), “Os fogos de uso residencial possuem, obrigatoriamente, um local onde se concentram as três tecnologias: par de cobre (PC), cabo coaxial (CC) e fibra ótica (FO). Esse local é designado por Zona de Acesso Privilegiado (ZAP) e localiza‐se na divisão mais adequada, no entendimento do projetista e de acordo com as preferências do dono de obra“. Nesta zona concentram‐se as 3 tecnologias atualmente obrigatórias constituindo, assim, um suporte para o fornecimento avançado de serviços tecnológicos evoluídos. A modernização e evolução das infraestruturas de comunicações eletrónicas em Portugal na última década, quer ao nível regulatório, quer ao nível tecnológico dos equipamentos, constituem, implacavelmente, um poderoso incentivo à expansão da sociedade do conhecimento que deixaremos como legado às gerações vindouras.
Professional Burn Out: How Caring for Ourselves Helps Us Care for Others
Authors: Lamichhane N.
Published: September 2017

No abstract available
Stress Management For Good Physical And Mental Health
Authors: Upadhyaya K.D.
Published: September 2017

Stress can have a negative impact on just about every part of your body. It can suppress your immune system, cause a heart attack, or stroke, increase your risk of cancer, delay wound healing, promote inflammation, cause you to gain weight, impair your memory, cause depression, exacerbate diabetes and worsen your sexual function. Stress also makes you age faster….Dean Ornish MD : The Spectrum Stress is a physical or emotional reaction / response to any kind of change which may be external, internal or both. External pressure for example can be due to job stress, competition, challenges or frequently changing government policies etc. Internal pressure is mainly due to negative thoughts, fear, and anxiety. There is a individual variation in stress response. Many people have inner strength or resilience to manage day to day stress and cumulative stress well. People who have learned to manage stress also minimize the effect of stress. Those who do not have good inner strength and who have not learned the management of stress suffer a lot because of stress.Whenever there is stress, brain tells the body to release some chemicals so that the body is ready for the fight or flight reaction to deal with immediate danger.
Cognitive Impairment in Schizophrenia: Current Perspective
Authors: Aich T.K. , Mahato A. , Subedi S.
Published: September 2017

Impairments in a variety of cognitive functions are found in patients with schizophrenia. These impairments affect a wide array of different cognitive abilities and are often of moderate to severe degree. Cognitive impairments appear to present across lifespan, detectable at the time of first episode of illness, probably predate the illness and manifest a generally stable course over time.Though cognitive impairment does not form a part of diagnostic criteria, it has been included in DSM-V and proposed to be included in ICD-11 as a schizophrenia course specifier. This review attempts to provide a broad overview of the domains, onset, severity and course of cognitive impairments in schizophrenia, with a focus on functional relevance and treatment possibilities. There is strong evidence for a relationship between cognitive impairment and vocational and functional impairment in individuals with schizophrenia.
Validation of RSV infections in pediatric transplant recipients reported to a national surveillance program: A PICNIC study
Authors: Lefebvre Marie-Astrid , Robinson Joan L , Winters Nicholas , Allen Upton D , Buteau Chantal , Embree Joanne , Gagneur Arnaud , Hamilton Natasha , Hui Charles , Langley Joanne M , Vanderkooi Otto G , Quach Caroline
Published: September 2017

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections are a common cause of morbidity and mortality in pediatric transplant recipients. From 2010 to 2013, the Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program (CPSP) performed national active surveillance of RSV infections occurring in the 2 years following hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) or solid organ transplant (SOT). This study aimed to validate accuracy of reporting of inpatient cases of post-transplant RSV infections to the CPSP. Methods: Transplant recipients <18 years with potential RSV infection were retrospectively identified from 9 tertiary-care pediatric centres, using ICD-10 codes for RSV and transplant from hospital and local laboratory information systems. Cases included after chart review were cross-referenced with the CPSP database. Sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) of the CPSP were calculated, and characteristics of reported and non-reported cases compared. Results: Of 27 cases found using this retrospective search of administrative databases, 8 (30%) had been reported to the CPSP; 10 additional cases reported to the CPSP were not detected by the study. Sensitivity of the CPSP was 30% (95% CI 14% to 50%), and PPV was 44% (95% CI 22% to 69%). The proportion of HSCTs was lower among cases reported to CPSP than among those not reported (13% versus 59%; p=0.03). More community-acquired RSV infections were noted in the reported group than in the non-reported group (100% versus 59%; p=0.04). Conclusion: The CPSP showed poor sensitivity and PPV for detecting RSV infections in pediatric transplant recipients. Additional strategies are needed to develop a surveillance program sufficiently sensitive to capture the burden of RSV in this population to inform preventive approaches.
Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging for surgical planning in pediatric patients: a preliminary experience
Authors: Roland Jarod L. , Griffin Natalie , Hacker Carl D. , Vellimana Ananth K. , Akbari S. Hassan , Shimony Joshua S. , Smyth Matthew D. , Leuthardt Eric C. , Limbrick David D.
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVE

Cerebral mapping for surgical planning and operative guidance is a challenging task in neurosurgery. Pediatric patients are often poor candidates for many modern mapping techniques because of inability to cooperate due to their immature age, cognitive deficits, or other factors. Resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) is uniquely suited to benefit pediatric patients because it is inherently noninvasive and does not require task performance or significant cooperation. Recent advances in the field have made mapping cerebral networks possible on an individual basis for use in clinical decision making. The authors present their initial experience translating rs-fMRI into clinical practice for surgical planning in pediatric patients.

METHODS

The authors retrospectively reviewed cases in which the rs-fMRI analysis technique was used prior to craniotomy in pediatric patients undergoing surgery in their institution. Resting-state analysis was performed using a previously trained machine-learning algorithm for identification of resting-state networks on an individual basis. Network maps were uploaded to the clinical imaging and surgical navigation systems. Patient demographic and clinical characteristics, including need for sedation during imaging and use of task-based fMRI, were also recorded.

RESULTS

Twenty patients underwent rs-fMRI prior to craniotomy between December 2013 and June 2016. Their ages ranged from 1.9 to 18.4 years, and 12 were male. Five of the 20 patients also underwent task-based fMRI and one underwent awake craniotomy. Six patients required sedation to tolerate MRI acquisition, including resting-state sequences. Exemplar cases are presented including anatomical and resting-state functional imaging.

CONCLUSIONS

Resting-state fMRI is a rapidly advancing field of study allowing for whole brain analysis by a noninvasive modality. It is applicable to a wide range of patients and effective even under general anesthesia. The nature of resting-state analysis precludes any need for task cooperation. These features make rs-fMRI an ideal technology for cerebral mapping in pediatric neurosurgical patients. This review of the use of rs-fMRI mapping in an initial pediatric case series demonstrates the feasibility of utilizing this technique in pediatric neurosurgical patients. The preliminary experience presented here is a first step in translating this technique to a broader clinical practice.
Characteristics analysis of 3D marine CSEM response using the vector finite element method with secondary formulation
Authors: Li Tonglin , Chen Hanbo , Wang Heng , Xiong Bing
Published: September 2017

In recent years, the controlled-sources electromagnetic method has been widely applied for oil and metallic ore exploration. It is necessary to study the effects of the constituents and microstructure in pyrite-bearing hydrocarbon-bearing reservoir sandstones on 3D marine controlled source electromagnetic sounding, so as to improve the accuracy of the marine controlled sources electromagnetic (MCSEM) Method. In this paper, we present a new finite element algorithm for 3D MCSEM modeling, which is based on unstructured grids. In the modeling, we adopted the secondary formulation for the quasi-static variant of Maxwell’s equation, so that the source singularity could be avoided effectively. We first applied the four-phase incremental model to calculate the conductivity of the pyrite-bearing hydrocarbon. This is of use in studying the electrical conductivity of pyrite-bearing sandstones. The finite element equations were solved by means of the preconditioned IDR(s) method. We applied our algorithm to calculate the response of various key parameters of MCSEM (i.e. pyrite content, porosity, pyrite conductivity, grain aspect ratio and water saturation). The results of the modeling show the performance of the algorithm, and are expected to assist in future CSEM data interpretation when a pyrite-bearing sandstone reservoir is encountered.
Whole-Body Vibration in Farming: Background Document for Creating a Simplified Procedure to Determine Agricultural Tractor Vibration Comfort
Authors: Cutini Maurizio , Brambilla Massimo , Bisaglia Carlo
Published: September 2017

Operator exposure to high levels of whole-body vibration (WBV) presents risks to health and safety and it is reported to worsen or even cause back injuries. Work activities resulting in operator exposure to whole-body vibration have a common onset in off-road work such as farming. Despite the wide variability of agricultural surface profiles, studies have shown that with changing soil profile and tractor speed, the accelerations resulting from ground input present similar spectral trends. While on the one hand such studies confirmed that tractor WBV emission levels are very dependent upon the nature of the operation performed, on the other, irrespective of the wide range of conditions characterizing agricultural operations, they led researchers to set up a possible and realistic simplification and standardization of tractor driver comfort testing activities. The studies presented herewith indicate the usefulness, and the possibility, of developing simplified procedures to determine agricultural tractor vibration comfort. The results obtained could be used effectively to compare tractors of the same category or a given tractor when equipped with different seats, suspension, tyres, etc.
A Rolling Bearing Fault Diagnosis Method Based on Variational Mode Decomposition and an Improved Kernel Extreme Learning Machine
Authors: Li Ke , Su Lei , Wu Jingjing , Wang Huaqing , Chen Peng
Published: September 2017

Rolling bearings are key components of rotary machines. To ensure early effective fault diagnosis for bearings, a new rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on variational mode decomposition (VMD) and an improved kernel extreme learning machine (KELM) is proposed in this paper. A fault signal is decomposed via VMD to obtain the intrinsic mode function (IMF) components, and the approximate entropy (ApEn) of the IMF component containing the main fault information is calculated. An eigenvector is created from the approximate entropy of each component. A bearing diagnosis model is created via a KELM; the KELM parameters are optimized using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to obtain a KELM diagnosis model with optimal parameters. Finally, the effectiveness of the diagnosis method proposed in this paper is verified via a fan bearing fault diagnosis test. Under identical conditions, the result is compared with the results obtained using a back propagation (BP) neural network, a conventional extreme learning machine (ELM), and a support vector machine (SVM). The test result shows that the method proposed in this paper is superior to the other three methods in terms of diagnostic accuracy.
Privacy-Preserving Aggregation and Authentication of Multi-Source Smart Meters in a Smart Grid System
Authors: Koo Dongyoung , Shin Youngjoo , Hur Junbeom
Published: September 2017

The smart grid is a promising electrical grid paradigm for enhancing flexibility and reliability in power transmission through two-way communications among grid entities. In the smart grid system, the privacy of usage information measured by individual smart meters has gained significant attention, owing to the possibility of personal information inference. Moreover, efficient and reliable power provisioning can be seriously impeded through illicit manipulations of aggregated data under the influence of malicious adversaries. Due to such potential risks, it becomes an important requirement for the smart grid to preserve privacy of metering data by secure aggregation and to authenticate the aggregated result in an efficient manner within large scale environments. From this perspective, this paper investigates the current status of security and privacy in smart grid systems and representative state-of-the-art studies in secure aggregation and authentication of metering data for future directions of a smart grid.
Fascaplysin Exerts Anti-Cancer Effects through the Downregulation of Survivin and HIF-1α and Inhibition of VEGFR2 and TRKA
Authors: Oh Taek-In , Lee Yoon-Mi , Nam Taek-Jin , Ko Young-San , Mah Shinmee , Kim Jinhee , Kim Younghoon , Reddy Rallabandi , Kim Young , Hong Sungwoo , Lim Ji-Hong
Published: September 2017

Fascaplysin has been reported to exert anti-cancer effects by inhibiting cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4); however, the precise mode of action by which fascaplysin suppresses tumor growth is not clear. Here, we found that fascaplysin has stronger anti-cancer effects than other CDK4 inhibitors, including PD0332991 and LY2835219, on lung cancer cells that are wild-type or null for retinoblastoma (RB), indicating that unknown target molecules might be involved in the inhibition of tumor growth by fascaplysin. Fascaplysin treatment significantly decreased tumor angiogenesis and increased cleaved-caspase-3 in xenografted tumor tissues. In addition, survivin and HIF-1α were downregulated in vitro and in vivo by suppressing 4EBP1-p70S6K1 axis-mediated de novo protein synthesis. Kinase screening assays and drug-protein docking simulation studies demonstrated that fascaplysin strongly inhibited vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and tropomyosin-related kinase A (TRKA) via DFG-out non-competitive inhibition. Overall, these results suggest that fascaplysin inhibits TRKA and VEGFR2 and downregulates survivin and HIF-1α, resulting in suppression of tumor growth. Fascaplysin, therefore, represents a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of multiple types of solid cancer.
Improved Cluster Structure Optimization: Hybridizing Evolutionary Algorithms with Local Heat Pulses
Authors: Dieterich Johannes , Hartke Bernd
Published: September 2017

Cluster structure optimization (CSO) refers to finding the globally minimal cluster structure with respect to a specific model and quality criterion, and is a computationally extraordinarily hard problem. Here we report a successful hybridization of evolutionary algorithms (EAs) with local heat pulses (LHPs). We describe the algorithm’s implementation and assess its performance with hard benchmark CSO cases. EA-LHP showed superior performance compared to regular EAs. Additionally, the EA-LHP hybrid is an unbiased, general CSO algorithm requiring no system-specific solution knowledge. These are compelling arguments for a wider future use of EA-LHP in CSO.
Anti-Inflammatory Lobane and Prenyleudesmane Diterpenoids from the Soft Coral Lobophytum varium
Authors: Ahmed Atallah , Teng Wan-Ting , Huang Chiung-Yao , Dai Chang-Feng , Hwang Tsong-Long , Sheu Jyh-Horng
Published: September 2017

New lobane-based diterpenoids lobovarols A–D (1–4) and a prenyleudesmane-type diterpenoid lobovarol E (5) along with seven known related diterpenoids (6–12) were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of a Taiwanese soft coral Lobophytum varium. Their structures were identified on the basis of multiple spectroscopic analyses and spectral comparison. The absolute configuration at C-16 of the known compound 11 is reported herein for the first time. The anti-inflammatory activities of compounds 1–12 were assessed by measuring their inhibitory effect on N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenyl-alanine/cytochalasin B (fMLP/CB)-induced superoxide anion generation and elastase release in human neutrophils. Metabolites 2, 5, and 11 were found to show moderate inhibitory activity on the generation of superoxide anion, while compounds 5, 8, 11, and 12 could effectively suppress elastase release in fMLP/CB-stimulated human neutrophil cells at 10 μM. All of the isolated diterpenoids did not exhibit cytotoxic activity (IC50 > 50 μM) towards a limited panel of cancer cell lines.
Intestinal Absorption of Triterpenoids and Flavonoids from Glycyrrhizae radix et rhizoma in the Human Caco-2 Monolayer Cell Model
Authors: Wang Xiao-Xue , Liu Gui-Yan , Yang Yan-Fang , Wu Xiu-Wen , Xu Wei , Yang Xiu-Wei
Published: September 2017

Glycyrrhizae radix et rhizoma has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of various diseases. Triterpenoids and flavonoids from the plant have many beneficial effects and their chemical structures are modified in the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration. However, absorption of these triterpenoids and flavonoids still needs to be defined. Here, the uptake and transepithelial transport of the selected major triterpenoids, glycyrrhizin (1), glycyrrhetic acid-3-O-mono-β-d-glucuronide (2), and glycyrrhetinic acid (3); and the selected major flavonoids, licochalcone A (4), licochalcone B (5), licochalcone C (6), echinatin (7), isoliquiritin apioside (8), liquiritigenin (9), liquiritin apioside (10) isolated from Glycyrrhizae radix et rhizoma, were investigated in the human intestinal epithelium-like Caco-2 cell monolayer model. Compounds 3, 5–7, and 9 were designated as well-absorbed compounds, 2 and 4 were designated as moderately absorbed ones, and 1, 8, and 10 were assigned for the poorly absorbed ones. The absorption mechanism of well and moderately absorbed compound was mainly passive diffusion to pass through the human intestinal Caco-2 cell monolayer. These findings provided useful information for predicting their oral bioavailability and the clinical application.
Profiles of Volatile Flavor Compounds in Milk Fermented with Different Proportional Combinations of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus
Authors: Dan Tong , Wang Dan , Wu Shimei , Jin Rulin , Ren Weiyi , Sun Tiansong
Published: September 2017

Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus are key factors in the fermentation process and the final quality of dairy products worldwide. This study was performed to investigate the effects of the proportions of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus isolated from traditionally fermented dairy products in China and Mongolia on the profile of volatile compounds produced in samples. Six proportional combinations (1:1, 1:10, 1:50, 1:100, 1:1000, and 1:10,000) of L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus IMAU20401 to S. thermophilus ND03 were considered, and the volatiles were identified and quantified by solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) against an internal standard. In total, 89 volatile flavor compounds, consisting of aldehydes, ketones, acids, alcohols, esters, and aromatic hydrocarbons, were identified. Among these, some key flavor volatile compounds were identified, including acetaldehyde, 3-methylbutanal, acetoin, 2-heptanone, acetic acid, butanoic acid, and 3-methyl-1-butanol. The of L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus IMAU20401 to S. thermophilus ND03 influenced the type and concentration of volatiles produced. In particular, aldehydes and ketones were present at higher concentrations in the 1:1000 treatment combination than in the other combinations. Our findings emphasize the importance of selecting the appropriate proportions of L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus for the starter culture in determining the final profile of volatiles and the overall flavor of dairy products.
Non-Covalent Organocatalyzed Domino Reactions Involving Oxindoles: Recent Advances
Authors: Gasperi Tecla , Miceli Martina , Campagne Jean-Marc , Marcia de Figueiredo Renata
Published: September 2017

The ubiquitous presence of spirooxindole architectures with several functionalities and stereogenic centers in bioactive molecules has been appealing for the development of novel methodologies seeking their preparation in high yields and selectivities. Expansion and refinement in the field of asymmetric organocatalysis have made possible the development of straightforward strategies that address these two requisites. In this review, we illustrate the current state-of-the-art in the field of spirooxindole synthesis through the use of non-covalent organocatalysis. We aim to provide a concise overview of very recent methods that allow to the isolation of unique, densely and diversified spirocyclic oxindole derivatives with high structural diversity via the use of cascade, tandem and domino processes.
Bioassay-Guided Isolated Compounds from Morinda officinalis Inhibit Alzheimer’s Disease Pathologies
Authors: Lee Yoon , Bang Hyo , Oh Jeong , Whang Wan
Published: September 2017

Due to the side effects of synthetic drugs, the therapeutic potential of natural products for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has gained interest. Morinda officinalis has demonstrated inhibitory effects on geriatric diseases, such as bone loss and osteoporosis. However, although AD is a geriatric disease, M. officinalis has not been evaluated in an AD bioassay. Therefore, M. officinalis extracts and fractions were tested for AD-related activity, including inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), and advanced glycation end-product (AGE) formation. A bioassay-guided approach led to isolation of 10 active compounds, eight anthraquinones (1–8), one coumarin (9), and one phytosterol (10), from n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions of M. officinalis. The five anthraquinones (4–8) were stronger inhibitors of AChE than were other compounds. Compounds 3 and 9 were good inhibitors of BChE, and compounds 3 and 8 were good inhibitors of BACE1. Compounds 1–5 and 7–9 were more active than the positive control in inhibiting AGE formation. In addition, we first suggested a structure-activity relationship by which anthraquinones inhibit AChE and BACE1. Our findings demonstrate the preventive and therapeutic efficacy of M. officinalis for AD and its potential use as a natural alternative medicine.
Choline and Working Memory Training Improve Cognitive Deficits Caused by Prenatal Exposure to Ethanol
Authors: Waddell Jaylyn , Mooney Sandra
Published: September 2017

Prenatal ethanol exposure is associated with deficits in executive function such as working memory, reversal learning and attentional set shifting in humans and animals. These behaviors are dependent on normal structure and function in cholinergic brain regions. Supplementation with choline can improve many behaviors in rodent models of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders and also improves working memory function in normal rats. We tested the hypothesis that supplementation with choline in the postnatal period will improve working memory during adolescence in normal and ethanol-exposed animals, and that working memory engagement during adolescence will transfer to other cognitive domains and have lasting effects on executive function in adulthood. Male and female offspring of rats fed an ethanol-containing liquid diet (ET; 3% v/v) or control dams given a non-ethanol liquid diet (CT) were injected with choline (Cho; 100 mg/kg) or saline (Sal) once per day from postnatal day (P) 16–P30. Animals were trained/tested on a working memory test in adolescence and then underwent attentional set shifting and reversal learning in young adulthood. In adolescence, ET rats required more training to reach criterion than CT-Sal. Choline improved working memory performance for both CT and ET animals. In young adulthood, ET animals also performed poorly on the set shifting and reversal tasks. Deficits were more robust in ET male rats than female ET rats, but Cho improved performance in both sexes. ET male rats given a combination of Cho and working memory training in adolescence required significantly fewer trials to achieve criterion than any other ET group, suggesting that early interventions can cause a persistent improvement.
Gastrointestinal Symptoms and FODMAP Intake of Aged-Care Residents from Christchurch, New Zealand
Authors: Nanayakkara Wathsala , Gearry Richard , Muir Jane , O’Brien Leigh , Wilkinson Tim , Williman Jonathan , Skidmore Paula
Published: September 2017

Studies on fermentable oligo-, di-, and monosaccharides as well as polyols (FODMAPs) intake in older adults are lacking. This study investigated the relationship between gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and FODMAPs in aged care residents. The Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Score questionnaire modified for patients with IBS (GSRS-IBS) was used to identify participants with IBS-like symptoms. Dietary intake was assessed for a subgroup of participants with highest total GSRS-IBS score (symptomatic cases) and age, sex, and level of care matched participants with low total GSRS-IBS score (asymptomatic controls). Seventy-four participants with a mean (SD) age of 86 (6.6) years completed the GSRS-IBS questionnaire and dietary data were collected using food diaries from a subsample of 27 symptomatic and 27 asymptomatic participants. The study found many older adults with functional gut symptoms. There were no differences between the groups for FODMAP intake and no significant relationship was found between FODMAP intake and total GSRS-IBS score. Lactose from milk and milk-based desserts was the biggest FODMAP contributor (16 g/day) and a significant relationship between total FODMAP intake and diarrhoea was found. A larger study sample in future studies is required to better capture symptomatic cases and manipulation of dietary FODMAPs may assist with the management of IBS in the elderly.
Open Access Scholarly Journal Publishing in Chinese
Authors: Shen Cenyu
Published: September 2017

The research literature on open access (OA) publishing has mainly dealt with journals publishing in English, and studies focusing on OA journals in other languages are less common. This article addresses this gap via a case study focusing on Chinese-language OA journals. It starts with the identification of the major characteristics of this market, followed by eight semi-structured interviews to explore the key motivations behind Chinese-language OA publishing and perceived barriers. The majority of Chinese OA journals are published in Chinese, and most of them are published by universities and scholarly societies. Nearly 80% of journals were launched before the digital age and were converted to OA later. The subject distribution is highly skewed towards the science, technology, engineering and medicine (STEM) fields. Publishers are motivated to convert journals to OA by an expected increase in academic impact, which would also attract more submissions. The lack of a sufficient number of high-quality submissions is perceived as the largest barrier to the successful publishing of journals. The financial instability of journals is identified as the main obstacle hindering internationalisation. The central conclusions of the study are that Chinese-language OA journals need to increase their visibility in journal indexes such as the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), and that an OA publishing platform (similar to the Latin American SciELO) should be established for Chinese-language OA journals.
Adorned by Power: The Individualized Experience of the Mojo Bag
Authors: Clausnitzer Danielle
Published: September 2017

In America, no religion better exemplifies the power of the individual than Hoodoo. Within these peripheral communities in the South, enslaved persons created spaces in which individual practitioners could choose which rituals, objects, and beliefs they prioritized for their own salvation. Out of this tradition of “selection” came the development of adornments like Mojo Bags, an amalgamation of objects, both natural and manufactured, that connect the individual directly with the sacred. When adorned with these Mojo Bags, primarily under clothes to assure contact with the skin, practitioners are provided with the power they have previously been denied. I will argue in my paper, therefore, that this method of adornment provides the locus of power needed to address the psychological and physical bondage practitioners faced during the period of enslavement, highlighted by the case of Frederick Douglass’ use of a root that led to his success in fighting with Mr. Covey.