bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMANFAATAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN GEOBOARD DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA KELILING DAN LUAS BANGUN SEGI EMPAT DAN SEGITIGA DI SD NEGERI 1 DESA TEMU KECAMATAN KANOR KABUPATEN BOJONEGORO TAHUN 2017
Authors: Mayasari Novi , P Nelly Indriastuti , Novianti Dwi Erna , Indriani Ari , Noeruddin Ali
Published: February 2018

Mathematics Learning in elementary Schools tends to be difficult to understand about getting up flat. Based on the result of interviews with teachers at SD Negeri 1 Temu Kanor Bojonegoro obtained. The results of student achievement is still below the average value of KKM is ≤70. Therefore more innovative learning media. One of the innovative learning media is Geoboard.Media learning Geoboard is a rigid board that can be used in the learning of class. IV Geometry. This pocked board is simply made of thin wood and then dipak (dipines) in the field.These spikes are arranged so that they are neatly arraged and shaped like square units. The goal of this training is to help students learn mathematics in a fun way so as to create high interest to learn math from an early age. The method of implementation in this community service program is by training method directly to fourth-grade students of elementary school. The result of this training is improvement of student achievement result which can be seen from the average value obtained is ≥70 and the increase of student interest so that more enthusiastic in studying the material of geometry in flat field especially on the subject of searching the circumference and the area of building rectangle and triangle in SD Negeri 1 Temu kanor bojonegoro.Keywords : Media learning geoboard, Learning math.ABSTRAKPembelajaran matematika di sekolah dasar cenderung sulit untuk memahami tentang bangun datar. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara dengan guru di SD Negeri 1 Temu kec Kanor Bojonegoro diperoleh hasil prestasi belajar siswa masih dibawah rata-rata nilai kkm yaitu ≤70.Oleh karena itu diperlukan media pembelajaran yang lebih inovatif. Salah satu media pembelajaran yang inovatif adalah GeoBoard. Media Pembelaaran Geoboard adalah suatu papan berpaku yang dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran geometri kelas IV. Papan berpaku ini secara sederhana terbuat dari kayu tipis kemudian dipak (dipines) pada bidangnya. Paku-paku (pines) ini disusun sedemikian sehingga tersusun secara rapi dan berbentuk seperti persegi satuan. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dari pelatihan ini adalah membantu siswa belajar matematika dengan cara yang menyenangkan sehingga tercipta minat-minat yang tinggi untuk belajar matematika sejak usia dini. Metode pelaksanaan pada program pengabdian masyarakat ini yaitu dengan metode pelatihan secara langsung kepada siswa kelas IV Sekolah Dasar. Hasil dari pelatihan ini adalah adanya peningkatan hasil prestasi belajar siswa yang bisa dilihat dari nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh adalah ≥70 dan adanya peningkatan minat siswa sehingga lebih antusias dalam memepelajari materi geometri pada bidang datar khusunya pada pokok bahasan mencari keliling dan luas bangun segi empat dan segitiga di SD Negeri 1 temu kanor Bojonegoro.Kata Kunci: Media Pembelajaran Geoboard, Pembelajaran matematika.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN PENGHASILAN TAMBAHAN WARGA ANGGOTA KELOMPOK POSDAYA KELURAHAN BUBAKAN KECAMATAN MIJEN KOTA SEMARANG MELALUI BUDIDAYA IKAN LELE DI PEKARANGAN RUMAH
Authors: Suwandi Suwandi , Sudargo Sudargo , Ardini Sukma Nur
Published: February 2018

Kelurahan Bubakan is located in District Mijen in Semarang city. The potential of this village is very huge. There are Posdaya and 2 (two) farmer groups with various fields of business; chicken farms, goat farmers, tapioca starch factories. However, the survey found 74 families of pre-prosperous and 86 prosperous families level 1 out of 245 families who joined Posdaya. The condition and local potential that maximized by the team through KKN-PPM by doing catfish cultivation program in the yard by using tarpaulins as an economic means to achieve maximum target. The superior skills of the program is through; (a) cultivation of catfish, (b) making processed catfish derived products, (c) packing processed products based on catfish, (d) marketing of processed products derived from catfish. The implementation of KKN-PPM 2016 program has been implemented well and in accordance with the target that has been designed is 20 (twenty) tarpaulin ponds with the size 4x6m2 and 1000 seedlings / ponds have been distributed on August 17, 2016. Therefore, most of the residents have felt the results of KKN-PPM catfish program. Assistance from University of PGRI Semarang remains to realize the program of dedication and community empowerment as a sustainable program.Keywords: Increased income, Posdaya, Catfish farming, Home yard.ABSTRAKKelurahan Bubakan terletak di Kecamatan Mijen Kota Semarang. Potensi kelurahan ini sangat besar. Terdapat posdaya dan 2 (dua) kelompok tani dengan bermacam bidang usaha, ada peternakan ayam, peterternakan kambing, pabrik tepung tapioka. Namun masih ditemukan 74 keluarga prasejahtera dan 86 keluarga sejahtera 1 dari 245 kepala keluarga yang tergabung dalam posdaya. Kondisi masyarakat serta potensi lokal yang ada tersebut dimaksimalkan oleh tim melalui program KKN-PPM budidaya lele di pekarangan rumah dengan menggunakan terpal sebagai sarana yang ekonomis guna mencapai target yang maksimal. Adapun keterampilan unggulan program adalah melalui; (a) budidaya ikan lele, (b) membuat produk olahan turunan ikan lele, (c) packing produk olahan berbahan dasar ikan lele, (d) pemasaran produk olahan turunan ikan lele. Pelaksanaan program KKN-PPM 2016 telah terlaksana dengan baik dan sesuai  dengan target yang telah dirancang yaitu 20 (dua puluh) kolam terpal dengan ukuran 4x6m2 dan 1000 bibit lele/kolam telah disebarkan pada tanggal 17 Agustus 2016 sehingga saat ini sebagian besar dari warga telah merasakan hasil panen lele hasil program KKN-PPM tersebut. Pendampingan dari pihak Universitas PGRI Semarang serta Kecamatan dan Kelurahan Bubakan terus dilakukan untuk mewujudkan program pengabdian dan pemberdayaan masyarakat secara berkelanjutan (sustainable).Kata Kunci: Peningkatan penghasilan, Posdaya, Budidaya ikan lele, Pekarangan rumah.
PELATIHAN TEKNIK PENULISAN PENELITIAN TINDAKAN KELAS PADA GURU PPKn MTs DI KABUPATEN PONOROGO
Authors: Utami Prihma Sinta , Sutrisno Sutrisno
Published: February 2018

The government program in establishing the Teachers Subject (MGMP) forum in each district is a forum for subject teachers to exchange information on the latest policies and programs of the government. Regulation of Permendiknas No 35/2010 regarding technical guidance on the implementation of functional position of teachers which one of the requirements must conduct Classroom Action Research (PTK) becomes one of the problems for teachers of MGMP PPKn especially in Kabupaten Ponorogo. This is supported by the low interest of teachers in making Classroom Action Research caused by a lack of understanding about the making of the PTK itself. The purpose of this PKM activity is to provide a general overview of the steps of the implementation of PTK activities that lead to the subjects of PPKn in particular and provide mentoring classes in the making of PTK proposals. Method of implementation of activities undertaken in this PKM activity is the main implementation of the training workshop making of PTK as well as conducting a class of assistance making the PTK proposal. The results of this activity include: 1) Obtaining titles of PTK submitted by teachers MGMP PPKn Ponorogo District; 2) PTK proposal from teachers of MGMP PPKn Kabupaten Ponorogo; 3) The results of the presentation of proposals for some teachers MGMP PPKn Ponorogo District and improvements together in the classroom.Keyword: Classroom Action Research, MGMP, PPKn Subject ABSTRAKProgram pemerintah dalam membentuk forum Musyawarah Guru Mata Pelajaran (MGMP) di setiap kabupaten merupakan satu wadah bagi guru mata pelajaran untuk bertukar informasi tentang kebijakan dan program-program terbaru dari pemerintah. Adanya tuntutan peraturan Permendiknas No 35/2010 tentang petunjuk teknis pelaksanaan jabatan fungsional guru yang salah satu persyaratannya harus melakukan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) menjadi salah satu problema bagi guru-guru MGMP PPKn khususnya di Kabupaten Ponorogo. Hal ini didukung dengan rendahnya minat guru dalam pembuatan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas yang disebabkan oleh pemahaman yang kurang tentang pembuatan PTK itu sendiri. Tujuan dari kegiatan PKM ini adalah memberikan gambaran secara umum tentang langkah-langkah pelaksanaan kegiatan PTK yang mengarah pada mata pelajaran PPKn khususnya serta menyediakan kelas pendampingan dalam pembuatan proposal PTK. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan yang dilakukan dalam kegiatan PKM ini yang utama adalah pelaksanaan kegiatan workshop pelatihan pembuatan PTK serta melakukan kelas pendampingan pembuatan proposal PTK. Hasil dari kegiatan ini antara lain: 1)Memperoleh judul-judul PTK yang diajukan oleh guru-guru MGMP PPKn Kabupaten Ponorogo; 2) Proposal PTK dari guru-guru MGMP PPKn Kabupaten Ponorogo; 3) Hasil presentasi proposal bagi beberapa guru MGMP PPKn Kabupaten Ponorogo serta perbaikan secara bersama di dalam kelas.Kata Kunci: Penelitian Tindakan Kelas, MGMP, Mata Pelajaran PPKn
WORKSHOP DESAIN BROSUR SEKOLAH SMK MAHARDIKA BERBASIS BITMAP
Authors: Setyorini Setyorini , Arifin Jaenal , Kabelen Nicholaus Wayong
Published: February 2018

Training is a process of helping students to get soft skills to prepare for the future world of work through the development of skills, thoughts, actions, knowledge and good attitude. SMK Mahardika is a vocational school that has the purpose to create students who are ready to work with a given skills that match the needs in their work place. Designing brochure is one of the additional skills students can have  to show their ability that can be utilized in the workplace. One of the skills designing that they can make  brochures, banners, posters and stickers by using object images formed based on point and color combination (Graphic Bitmap). Community Service Commitment is one part of Tri Darma Perguruan Tinggi which must be implemented by the academic community, especially the lecturers. In this period  the title of the workship is "Workshop Design of School Brochure of SMK Mahardika Based Bitmap". As the result, this workshop got positive response from school and beneficial for students of SMK Mahardika Malang. So it is expected that studens can practice science which he got directly to their work place.Keywords: Brochure, Based, Bitmap, Workshop, Design ABSTRAKKegiatan pelatihan merupakan proses membatu siswa untuk mendapatkan soft skill untuk mempersiapkan dunia kerjadimasa mendatang melalui pengembangan kebiasaan tentang keterampilan, pikiran, tindakan, kecakapan, pengetahuan dan sikap yang baik. SMK Mahardika adalah sekolah SMK yang memiliki tujuan mencetak peserta didik yang siap kerja dengan memiliki bekal ketrampilan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan di dunia kerja. Pembuatan desain brosur adalah salah satu ketrampilan tambahan yang dapat dimiliki oleh siswa sebagai bentuk kemampuan lebih  yang dapat dimanfaatkan di dalam dunia kerja.  Salah satunya adalah pembuatan desain brosur, banner, poster dan stiker dengan menggunakan objek gambar yang dibentuk berdasarkan titik dan kombinasi warna (Grafis Bitmap). Kegitan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat adalah salah satu bagian dari Tri Darma Perguruan Tinggi yang harus dilaksanakan oleh civitas akademik khususnya para pengajar. Pada periode ini kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat berjudul “Workshop Desain Brosur Sekolah SMK Mahardika Berbasis Bitmap mendapatkan respon positif dari sekolah dan bermanfaat bagi siswa SMK Mahardika malang, sehingga dapat mempraktekkan keilmuan yang didapatkannya secara langsung pada dunia kerja.Kata Kunci:, Brosur, Berbasis, Bitmap, Desain, Workshop
Checking and Folding: Refusing the Impatience of Theodicy
Authors: Wigg-Stevenson Natalie
Published: February 2018

This article responds to Mark Scott's “Wrestling with Existence” and Michael Stoeber's “The Visual Art of Käthe Kollwitz as Practical Theodicy and Its Relevance to Hope in Theoretical Theodicy.” The author critically engages these two works, drawing on an autoethnographic narrative, to argue that theodicy stacks the deck in God's favour from the outset, and that a faithful theology needs to leave room for God's failure, for the possibility that God cannot be defended.
The Visual Art of Käthe Kollwitz as Practical Theodicy and Its Relevance to Hope in Theoretical Theodicy
Authors: Stoeber Michael
Published: February 2018

Some theorists have characterized art that actively engages people in meaningfully religious ways as a form of “practical theology.” This paper analyzes how the visual art of German artist Käthe Kollwitz (1867–1945) functions as practical theology—with special attention to theodicy—that is, its role as religious response to the realities of suffering and evil. There is a call among some scholars and theologians to abandon all attempts to defend God's love and goodness in the face of destructive evil and suffering (theoretical theodicy), and rather to focus solely on how people ought to respond practically to such realities (practical theodicy). The paper illustrates Kollwitz's work as a powerful and pioneering form of practical theodicy, one that sensitively integrates ethical-feminist and socio-political concerns in stimulating compassion and consolation, supporting positive social change, and invoking theological hope. In proposing the creative integration of practical and theoretical theodicy, it also shows how such practical theodicy depends upon the hope in certain themes of theoretical theodicy.
Do intraoperative radiographs predict final lumbar sagittal alignment following single-level transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion?
Authors: Salem Khalid M. I. , Eranki Aditya P. , Paquette Scott , Boyd Michael , Street John , Kwon Brian K. , Fisher Charles G. , Dvorak Marcel F.
Published: February 2018

OBJECTIVE

The study aimed to determine if the intraoperative segmental lordosis (as calculated on a cross-table lateral radiograph following a single-level transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion [TLIF] for degenerative spondylolisthesis/low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis) is maintained at discharge and at 6 months postsurgery.

METHODS

The authors reviewed images and medical records of patients ≥ 16 years of age with a diagnosis of an isolated single-level, low-grade spondylolisthesis (degenerative or isthmic) with symptomatic spinal stenosis treated between January 2008 and April 2014. Age, sex, surgical level, surgical approach, and facetectomy (unilateral vs bilateral) were recorded. Upright standardized preoperative, early, and 6-month postoperative radiographs, as well as intraoperative lateral radiographs, were analyzed for the pelvic incidence, segmental lumbar lordosis (SLL) at the TILF level, and total LL (TLL). In addition, the anteroposterior position of the cage in the disc space was documented. Data are presented as the mean ± SD; a p value < 0.05 was considered significant.

RESULTS

Eighty-four patients were included in the study. The mean age of patients was 56.8 ± 13.7 years, and 46 patients (55%) were men. The mean pelvic incidence was 59.7° ± 11.9°, and a posterior midline approach was used in 47 cases (56%). All TLIF procedures were single level using a bullet-shaped cage. A bilateral facetectomy was performed in 17 patients (20.2%), and 89.3% of procedures were done at the L4–5 and L5–S1 segments. SLL significantly improved intraoperatively from 15.8° ± 7.5° to 20.9° ± 7.7°, but the correction was lost after ambulation. Compared with preoperative values, at 6 months the change in SLL was modest at 1.8° ± 6.7° (p = 0.025), whereas TLL increased by 4.3° ± 9.6° (p < 0.001). The anteroposterior position of the cage, approach, level of surgery, and use of a bilateral facetectomy did not significantly affect postoperative LL.

CONCLUSIONS

Following a single-level TLIF procedure using a bullet-shaped cage, the intraoperative improvement in SLL is largely lost after ambulation. The improvement in TLL over time is probably due to the decompression part of the procedure. The approach, level of surgery, bilateral facetectomy, and position of the cage do not seem to have a significant effect on LL achieved postoperatively.
Atomic Force Microscopy Analysis of EPPS-Driven Degradation and Reformation of Amyloid-β Aggregates
Authors: Lee Wonseok , Lee Sang Won , Lee Gyudo , Yoon Dae Sung
Published: February 2018

Amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides can be aggregated into β-sheet rich fibrils or plaques and deposited on the extracellular matrix of brain tissues, which is a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease. Several drug candidates have been designed to retard the progression of the neurodegenerative disorder or to eliminate toxic Aβ aggregates. Recently, 4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinepropanesulfonic acid (EPPS) has emerged as a promising drug candidates for elimination of toxic Aβ aggregates. However, the effect of EPPS on the degradation of Aβ aggregates such as fibrils has not yet been fully elucidated. In this article, we investigate the EPPS-driven degradative behavior of Aβ aggregates at the molecular level by using high-resolution atomic force microscopy. We synthesized Aβ fibrils and observed degradation of fibrils following treatment with various concentrations (1–50 mM) of EPPS for various time periods. We found that degradation of Aβ fibrils by EPPS increased as a function of concentration and treatment duration. Intriguingly, we also found regeneration of Aβ aggregates with larger sizes than original aggregates at high concentrations (10 and 50 mM) of EPPS. This might be attributed to a shorter lag phase that facilitates reformation of Aβ aggregates in the absence of clearance system.
The Bri2 and Bri3 BRICHOS Domains Interact Differently with Aβ42 and Alzheimer Amyloid Plaques
Authors: Dolfe Lisa , Tambaro Simone , Tigro Helene , Del Campo Marta , Hoozemans Jeroen J.M. , Wiehager Birgitta , Graff Caroline , Winblad Bengt , Ankarcrona Maria , Kaldmäe Margit , Teunissen Charlotte E. , Rönnbäck Annica , Johansson Jan , Presto Jenny
Published: February 2018

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and there is no successful treatment available. Evidence suggests that fibril formation of the amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) is a major underlying cause of AD, and treatment strategies that reduce the toxic effects of Aβ amyloid are sought for. The BRICHOS domain is found in several proteins, including Bri2 (also called integral membrane protein 2B (ITM2B)), mutants of which are associated with amyloid and neurodegeneration, and Bri3 (ITM2C). We have used mouse hippocampal neurons and brain tissues from mice and humans and show Bri3 deposits dispersed on AD plaques. In contrast to what has been shown for Bri2, Bri3 immunoreactivity is decreased in AD brain homogenates compared to controls. Both Bri2 and Bri3 BRICHOS domains interact with Aβ40 and Aβ42 present in neurons and reduce Aβ42 amyloid fibril formation in vitro, but Bri3 BRICHOS is less efficient. These results indicate that Bri2 and Bri3 BRICHOS have different roles in relation to Aβ aggregation.
Ethics in Japan and South Korea, pertaining to business enterprises
Authors: Choi Tae-Hee , Nakano Chiaki
Published: February 2018

Using questionnaire surveys, this study investigates ethics-related attitudes and practices in Japan and South Korea, pertaining to their business enterprises. To enable assessing ethics-perceptions changes over time, said surveys replicate similar studies, conducted in both countries 10 years prior to the current one. Namely, this article investigates (1) ethical conflicts, (2) unethical practices, (3) managers’ responses to hypothetical situations, (4) ethics standards, and (5) the institutionalization of ethics in Japan and South Korea, pertaining to business enterprises. Overall, our 2014 and 2015 survey results are reasonably similar to those of previous studies. Also observed are, however, an increase in ethics awareness among Japanese and South Korean business respondents, and an overall improvement in ethics standards in both countries. The empirical findings suggest that, through time, ethical perceptions of Japanese and South Korean business respondents seem to be converging, and coinciding with those of previous studies’ business respondents in US. Yet most persistent are some characteristics peculiar to Japan and South Korea, such as, for example situational ethics in Japan, company-interest-first in South Korea, and ethical relativism in both countries.
Psychological acceptance of organizational video surveillance
Authors: Diard Caroline
Published: February 2018

Video surveillance is a societal control mechanism, chosen by companies to protect workers and property. The implementation of a control device raises questions about the role of managers. The purpose of this research is to focus on video-surveillance deployment and its psychological acceptance as a societal-control technique. This contribution will answer the following question: how can the organizational implementation process influence the acceptance of video surveillance. What is the role of the agreement between employees and employers? This article focuses on the components of acceptance of a control mechanism, video surveillance, in organisations open to the public in France. It made sense to develop a framework looking at video surveillance from both a legal and psychological acceptance perspective. This text presents the results of a qualitative study into three research fields. The type of the agreement and the company’s activity encourage acceptance of video surveillance by employees.
IT capability, knowledge management, and product design
Authors: Al Karaawi Mariam Ibrahim Hamood , Huimin Ma
Published: February 2018

This study analyzes the effects of information technology (IT) capacity with knowledge management (KM) on product design. IT capacity cannot provide competitive advantage in the market and thus the effect of KM as the mediating factor on this relationship must be examined. To test the hypotheses, data were collected through 220 questionnaires that were distributed to industrial companies in China. Results indicated that to achieve competitive advantage, companies should offer products that address customer needs through the design of identical product specifications, which are supported by KM and IT. Product design cannot succeed without knowledge of product qualities and characteristics. Moreover, KM in companies relies on IT capability, and IT capability with KM can be used to explain variations in product design. Thus, companies who want to achieve competitive advantage in the design of their products must use the capability of IT with KM in obtaining their objectives and be consistent with customer requirements to achieve consumer satisfaction. This study contributes to the literature of industrialization through the introduction of KM as a critical intermediary between IT capability and product design and elucidates the real industrial value of product design.
Inflow determinants of foreign direct investment
Authors: Khamphengvong Visansack , Xia Enjun , Srithilat Khaysy
Published: February 2018

This article examines the determinants of the foreign direct investment (FDI) inflow to the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR). Namely, the study develops a static and dynamic gravity model that captures said determinants over the 1995 to 2015 time period. The results reveal that market size, trade openness, inflation rate, labor cost and exchange rate are primary FDI inflow attractants. And every year’s FDI inflow is itself a crucial precursor of next year’s foreign investor decision-making, while distance and border sharing among countries do not seem to support FDI inflow. Despite the study’s qualifications, exporting is a vital business component that affects a manufacturing firm’s working capital, with multiple implications for business practice and research.
Verification Stability of Anion-Exchange Membrane with Surface Modification with Application in Electrodialysis Process
Authors: Zárybnická Lucie , Stranska Eliska
Published: February 2018

The present work deals with verification stability of the prepared anion-exchange membrane with surface modification in the time. The surface modification of a commercial ultrafiltration poly(ethersulfone) membrane was carried out graft polymerization. Poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene-co-4-vinylbenzylchloride) surface layer was covalently attached onto commercial ultrafiltration support layer. The membrane was tested from the point of view of water content, ion-exchange capacity, specific resistance, permselectivity, FT-IR spectroscopy and SEM analysis. The tested characteristics (IEC, permselectivity, resistances, structure) of the prepared membrane were same after one year from preparation. The prepared membranes can find use in electrodialysis processes.
Control Actions on Leprosy in Primary Health Care in a Brazilian Capital: Profile of Professionals and Users
Authors: Lustosa Anselmo Alves , Barboza Nayla Andrade , Barbosa Yago Gabriel Da silva , Veloso Caique , Magalhães Neto Francisco da chagas Ribeiro
Published: February 2018

Objective: analyze  profile of users of primary health care services affected by leprosy, as well as the medical professionals and nurses responsible for the follow - up of these patients.  

Methods: This is a field study that surveyed the socioeconomic and clinical profile of 26 patients affected by leprosy, attended at the municipal health units of the urban area of ​​Teresina-PI, as well as the professional profile and clinical practices of 15 physicians and 19 nurses responsible for the follow-up of these patients.

Results: It was observed a profile of people affected by leprosy, characterized by: individuals aged 50 years or more; predominantly male; with low schooling and income. The clinical characteristics reveal a high prevalence of multibacillary cases of leprosy and with a significant diagnosis of some degree of physical disability. Regarding the profile of the professionals and their clinical behaviors, it was verified that the majority had post-graduation and a long time of experience in primary health care and leprosy control actions, however, it has been shown that they do not always put into practice all actions necessary for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

Conclusions: The profile of patients with leprosy treated at the municipal health units in the urban area of Teresina was similar to that found in other Brazilian territories, thus evidencing the need to implement public social support policies and more effective diagnostic and therapeutic follow-up practices by reduce the high rates of endemicity of the disease.
Complex Organic Molecules in Taurus Molecular Cloud-1
Authors: Soma Tatsuya , Sakai Nami , Watanabe Yoshimasa , Yamamoto Satoshi
Published: February 2018

We have observed the millimeter-wave rotational spectral lines of CH3CHO, H2CCO, cyclopropenone, and H2CO toward the cyanoployyne peak of Taurus Molecular Cloud-1 (TMC-1 CP). The spectral line profile of CH3CHO is found to reveal a well-separated double peak. It is similar to the line profile of CH3OH, but is much different from those of carbon-chain molecules and C34S. The different line profiles mean different distributions along the line of sight. The similarity of the spectral line profiles between CH3CHO and CH3OH suggests that CH3CHO is mainly formed on dust grains as CH3OH or through gas-phase reactions starting from CH3OH. On the other hand, the spectral line profiles of H2CCO and cyclopropenone are rather similar to those of carbon-chain molecules and C34S, implying their gas-phase productions. H2CO shows a composite spectral line profile reflecting the contributions of both gas-phase and grain-surface productions. In addition, we have detected the spectral lines of CH3CHO and HCOOCH3 toward the methanol peak near TMC-1 CP. We have also tentatively detected one line of (CH3)2O. Considering the chemical youth of TMC-1, the present results indicate that fairly complex organic species have already been formed in the early evolutionary phase of starless cores. TMC-1 is thus recognized as a novel source where formation processes of complex organic molecules can be studied on the basis of the line profiles.
Characteristics and Energy Dependence of Recurrent Galactic Cosmic-Ray Flux Depressions and of a Forbush Decrease with LISA Pathfinder
Authors: Armano M. , Audley H. , Baird J. , Bassan M. , Benella S. , Binetruy P. , Born M. , Bortoluzzi D. , Cavalleri A. , Cesarini A. , Cruise A. M. , Danzmann K. , Silva M. de Deus , Diepholz I. , Dixon G. , Dolesi R. , Fabi M. , Ferraioli L. , Ferroni V. , Finetti N. , Fitzsimons E. D. , Freschi M. , Gesa L. , Gibert F. , Giardini D. , Giusteri R. , Grimani C. , Grzymisch J. , Harrison I. , Heinzel G. , Hewitson M. , Hollington D. , Hoyland D. , Hueller M. , Inchauspé H. , Jennrich O. , Jetzer P. , Karnesis N. , Kaune B. , Korsakova N. , Killow C. J. , Laurenza M. , Lobo J. A. , Lloro I. , Liu L. , López-Zaragoza J. P. , Maarschalkerweerd R. , Mance D. , Martín V. , Martin-Polo L. , Martino J. , Martin-Porqueras F. , Mateos I. , McNamara P. W. , Mendes J. , Mendes L. , Nofrarias M. , Paczkowski S. , Perreur-Lloyd M. , Petiteau A. , Pivato P. , Plagnol E. , Ramos-Castro J. , Reiche J. , Robertson D. I. , Rivas F. , Russano G. , Sabbatini F. , Slutsky J. , Sopuerta C. F. , Sumner T. , Telloni D. , Texier D. , Thorpe J. I. , Vetrugno D. , Vitale S. , Wanner G. , Ward H. , Wass P. , Weber W. J. , Wissel L. , Wittchen A. , Zambotti A. , Zanoni C. , Zweifel P.
Published: February 2018

Galactic cosmic-ray (GCR) energy spectra observed in the inner heliosphere are modulated by the solar activity, the solar polarity and structures of solar and interplanetary origin. A high counting rate particle detector (PD) aboard LISA Pathfinder, meant for subsystems diagnostics, was devoted to the measurement of GCR and solar energetic particle integral fluxes above 70 MeV n−1 up to 6500 counts s−1. PD data were gathered with a sampling time of 15 s. Characteristics and energy dependence of GCR flux recurrent depressions and of a Forbush decrease dated 2016 August 2 are reported here. The capability of interplanetary missions, carrying PDs for instrument performance purposes, in monitoring the passage of interplanetary coronal mass ejections is also discussed.
Occultations from an Active Accretion Disk in a 72-day Detached Post-Algol System Detected by K2
Authors: Zhou G. , Rappaport S. , Nelson L. , Huang C. X. , Senhadji A. , Rodriguez J. E. , Vanderburg A. , Quinn S. , Johnson C. I. , Latham D. W. , Torres G. , Gary B. L. , Tan T. G. , Johnson M. C. , Burt J. , Kristiansen M. H. , Jacobs T. L. , LaCourse D. , Schwengeler H. M. , Terentev I. , Bieryla A. , Esquerdo G. A. , Berlind P. , Calkins M. L. , Bento J. , Cochran W. D. , Karjalainen M. , Hatzes A. P. , Karjalainen R. , Holden B. , Butler R. P.
Published: February 2018

Disks in binary systems can cause exotic eclipsing events. MWC 882 (BD –22 4376, EPIC 225300403) is such a disk-eclipsing system identified from observations during Campaign 11 of the K2 mission. We propose that MWC 882 is a post-Algol system with a B7 donor star of mass

in a 72-day orbit around an A0 accreting star of mass

. The

disk around the accreting star occults the donor star once every orbit, inducing 19-day long, 7% deep eclipses identified by K2 and subsequently found in pre-discovery All-Sky Automated Survey and All Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae observations. We coordinated a campaign of photometric and spectroscopic observations for MWC 882 to measure the dynamical masses of the components and to monitor the system during eclipse. We found the photometric eclipse to be gray to ≈1%. We found that the primary star exhibits spectroscopic signatures of active accretion, and we observed gas absorption features from the disk during eclipse. We suggest that MWC 882 initially consisted of a ≈3.6 M
⊙ donor star transferring mass via Roche lobe overflow to a ≈2.1 M
⊙ accretor in a ≈7-day initial orbit. Through angular momentum conservation, the donor star is pushed outward during mass transfer to its current orbit of 72 days. The observed state of the system corresponds with the donor star having left the red giant branch ∼0.3 Myr ago, terminating active mass transfer. The present disk is expected to be short-lived (102 yr) without an active feeding mechanism, presenting a challenge to this model.
i-process Contribution of Rapidly Accreting White Dwarfs to the Solar Composition of First-peak Neutron-capture Elements
Authors: Côté Benoit , Denissenkov Pavel , Herwig Falk , Ruiter Ashley J. , Ritter Christian , Pignatari Marco , Belczynski Krzysztof
Published: February 2018

Rapidly accreting white dwarfs (RAWDs) have been proposed as contributors to the chemical evolution of heavy elements in the Galaxy. Here, we test this scenario for the first time and determine the contribution of RAWDs to the solar composition of first-peak neutron-capture elements. We add the metallicity-dependent contribution of RAWDs to the one-zone galactic chemical evolution code OMEGA according to RAWD rates from binary stellar population models combined with metallicity-dependent i-process stellar yields calculated following the models of Denissenkov et al. With this approach, we find that the contribution of RAWDs to the evolution of heavy elements in the Galaxy could be responsible for a significant fraction of the solar composition of Kr, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, and Mo ranging from 2% to 45% depending on the element, the enrichment history of the Galactic gas, and the total mass ejected per RAWD. This contribution could explain the missing solar Lighter Element Primary Process for some elements (e.g., Sr, Y, and Zr). We do not overproduce any isotope relative to the solar composition, but 96Zr is produced in a similar amount. The i process produces efficiently the Mo stable isotopes 95Mo and 97Mo. When nuclear reaction rate uncertainties are combined with our GCE uncertainties, the upper limits for the predicted RAWD contribution increase by a factor of 1.5–2 for Rb, Sr, Y, and Zr, and by 3.8 and 2.4 for Nb and Mo, respectively. We discuss the implication of the RAWD stellar evolution properties on the single-degenerate SN Ia scenario.
FRB 121102: A Repeatedly Combed Neutron Star by a Nearby Low-luminosity Accreting Supermassive Black Hole
Authors: Zhang Bing
Published: February 2018

The origin of fast radio bursts (FRBs) remains mysterious. Recently, the only repeating FRB source, FRB 121102, was reported to possess an extremely large and variable rotation measure (RM). The inferred magnetic field strength in the burst environment is comparable to that in the vicinity of the supermassive black hole Sagittarius A* of our Galaxy. Here, we show that all of the observational properties of FRB 121102 (including the high RM and its evolution, the high linear polarization degree, an invariant polarization angle across each burst and other properties previously known) can be interpreted within the “cosmic comb” model, which invokes a neutron star with typical spin and magnetic field parameters whose magnetosphere is repeatedly and marginally combed by a variable outflow from a nearby low-luminosity accreting supermassive black hole in the host galaxy. We propose three falsifiable predictions (periodic “on/off” states, and periodic/correlated variation of RM and polarization angle) of the model and discuss other FRBs within the context of the cosmic comb model as well as the challenges encountered by other repeating FRB models in light of the new observations.
Response to Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibition in Male and Female Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis: Data from a Swiss Cohort
Authors: Hebeisen Monika , Neuenschwander Regula , Scherer Almut , Exer Pascale , Weber Ulrich , Tamborrini Giorgio , Micheroli Raphael , Wildi Lukas M. , Zufferey Pascal , Nissen Michael J. , Villiger Peter M. , Bernhard Jürg , Finckh Axel , van der Horst-Bruinsma Irene E. , Sieper Joachim , Landewé Robert , van der Heijde Désirée , Ciurea Adrian ,   on behalf of the rheumatologists of the Swiss Clinical Quality Management Program
Published: February 2018

Objective.

To investigate sex differences in connection with the effectiveness of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

Methods.

A total of 440 patients with AS (294 men; 146 women) initiating a first TNFi in the prospective Swiss Clinical Quality Management Cohort were included. We evaluated the proportion of patients achieving the 20% and 40% improvement in the Assessment of Spondyloarthritis international Society criteria (ASAS20 and ASAS40) as well as Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) improvement and status scores at 1 year. Patients having discontinued TNFi were considered nonresponders. Logistic regression analyses were performed to adjust for important predictors of response.

Results.

Compared to men, female patients had lower mean C-reactive protein levels, better spinal mobility, and more peripheral disease at the start. There was no sex disparity with regard to the ASDAS, the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity and Functional indices, and the quality of life. At 1 year, 52% of women and 63% of men achieved an ASAS20 response (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.37–1.07, p = 0.09). An inactive disease status (ASDAS < 1.3) was reached by 18% of women and 26% of men (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.32–1.27, p = 0.22). These sex differences in response to TNFi were more pronounced in adjusted analyses (OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.16–0.71, p = 0.005 for ASAS20 and OR 0.10, 95% CI 0.03–0.31, p < 0.001 for ASDAS < 1.3) and confirmed for all the other outcomes assessed.

Conclusion.

In AS, fewer women respond to TNFi and women show a reduced response in comparison to men.
Early Renin-angiotensin System Blockade Improved Short-term and Longterm Renal Outcomes in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients with Antiphospholipid-associated Nephropathy
Authors: Yue Cai , Li Guanhong , Wen Yubing , Li Xuemei , Gao Ruitong
Published: February 2018

Objective.

To investigate the renal protective effects of early renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) blockade with renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RASI) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with antiphospholipid-associated nephropathy (aPLN).

Methods.

Medical data of 57 SLE patients with biopsy-proven aPLN were analyzed. Early RAAS blockade was defined as administration of RASI within 3 months after kidney biopsy and continued for ≥ 12 months.

Results.

There was no significant difference in demographic data, laboratory findings, and renal histology by the time of kidney biopsy, except that the RASI group had higher proteinuria levels vs the non-RASI group [5.2 (2.8–8.8) vs 1.9 (0.6–2.8) g/d, p = 0.005, respectively] and higher prevalence of hypertension (75% vs 29%, p = 0.001, respectively). No significant difference between the 2 groups was observed in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), mean arterial pressure, and proteinuria level at 12 months after kidney biopsy. The improvement ratio of eGFR at 12 months was significantly higher in the RASI group versus the non-RASI group [26% (−5 to 86) vs −2% (−20 to 20), p = 0.028, respectively], and the rate of change in eGFR beyond 12 months was similar between the 2 groups. During a mean followup of 80 months, 4 (23%) patients in the non-RASI group and 3 (8%) patients in the RASI group developed kidney disease progression. Early RAAS blockade significantly decreased the risk of kidney disease progression [HR = 0.11 (0.02–0.59); p = 0.010]. Proteinuria and hypertension controls were similar between the 2 groups.

Conclusion.

Early RAAS blockade improved the short-term and longterm renal outcomes in SLE patients with aPLN. The renal protective effect of RASI was independent of its antihypertensive and antiproteinuric effects.
Patient-reported Outcomes, Resource Use, and Social Participation of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Treated with Biologics in Alberta: Experience of Indigenous and Non-indigenous Patients
Authors: Barnabe Cheryl , Crane Louise , White Tyler , Hemmelgarn Brenda , Kaplan Gilaad G. , Martin Liam , Maksymowych Walter P.
Published: February 2018

Objective.

To characterize patient-reported outcomes, resource use, and social participation during the course of biologic therapy for indigenous and non-indigenous patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods.

Patients initiating biologic therapy (2004 to 2012) were characterized longitudinally for patient-reported outcomes including physical function measured by the Health Assessment Questionnaire, EQ-5D, well-being [Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36)], and visual analog scales for pain, fatigue, sleep, stiffness, and patient’s global assessment. Resource use, participation in activities of daily living, and effect of RA on work productivity were also evaluated for change during therapy.

Results.

Indigenous patients (n = 90) presented with significantly worse scores for global evaluation, pain, sleep, quality of life, well-being, and physical function compared to non-indigenous patients (n = 1400). All patient-reported outcomes improved significantly during treatment for patients in both groups, but pain, sleep, and SF-36 physical health score changes occurred at slower rates for indigenous patients [difference in slopes 0.09 (p = 0.029), 0.08 (p = 0.043), and −0.35 (p = 0.03), respectively]. Performance of daily activities was affected for 50% of indigenous compared to 37% of non-indigenous patients, with more use of community services and assistance from others. Employed indigenous patients reported twice the number of days being unable to work owing to RA compared to employed non-indigenous patients. Of the unemployed indigenous patients, 82% indicated they had stopped working because of arthritis, versus 48% of non-indigenous patients (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions.

Indigenous patients have greater consequences of RA regarding experienced symptoms, health-related quality of life, disruption of performance of activities of daily living, and reduced employment participation.
Economic Analysis of Anatomic Plating Versus Tubular Plating for the Treatment of Fibula Fractures
Authors: Chang Gerard , Bhat Suneel B. , Raikin Steven M. , Kane Justin M. , Kay Andrew , Ahmad Jamal , Pedowitz David I. , Krieg James
Published: February 2018

Ankle fractures are among the most common injuries requiring operative management. Implant choices include one-third tubular plates and anatomically precontoured plates. Although cadaveric studies have not revealed biomechanical differences between various plate constructs, there are substantial cost differences. This study sought to characterize the economic implications of implant choice. A retrospective review was undertaken of 201 consecutive patients with operatively treated OTA type 44B and 44C ankles. A Nationwide Inpatient Sample query was performed to estimate the incidence of ankle fractures requiring fibular plating, and a Monte Carlo simulation was conducted with the estimated at-risk US population for associated plate-specific costs. The authors estimated an annual incidence of operatively treated ankle fractures in the United States of 59,029. The average cost was $90.86 (95% confidence interval, $90.84–$90.87) for a one-third tubular plate vs $746.97 (95% confidence interval, $746.55–$747.39) for an anatomic plate. Across the United States, use of only one-third tubular plating over anatomic plating would result in statistically significant savings of $38,729,517 (95% confidence interval, $38,704,773–$38,754,261;
P
<.0001). General use of one-third tubular plating instead of anatomic plating whenever possible for fibula fractures could result in cost savings of up to nearly $40 million annually in the United States. Unless clinically justifiable on a per-case basis, or until the advent of studies showing substantial clinical benefit, there currently is no reason for the increased expense from widespread use of anatomic plating for fractures amenable to one-third tubular plating. [
Orthopedics.
2018; 41(2):e252–e256.]
Patient Factors Associated With Methicillin-Resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
Septic Arthritis in Children
Authors: Bernstein Derek T. , Haruno Lee S. , Daram Shiva , Dawson John R. , Zhang Wei , Rosenfeld Scott B.
Published: February 2018

Staphylococcus aureus
is the most common causative organism in pediatric septic arthritis, with methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA) being responsible for a significant portion of these infections. Early identification and initiation of proper treatment may improve outcomes by minimizing potential morbidity. The purpose of this study was to identify variables obtained on initial patient presentation associated with MRSA septic arthritis. Sixteen factors were retrospectively evaluated in 109 consecutive pediatric patients diagnosed with culture-confirmed septic arthritis. Graphical and logistical regression analyses were employed to determine factors independently predictive of MRSA septic arthritis. Twenty-seven (25%) patients had MRSA and 82 (75%) had non-MRSA septic arthritis. C-reactive protein of 13.7 mg/L or greater, duration of symptoms of 4 days or more, heart rate of 126 beats per minute or greater, and absolute neutrophil count of 8.72×10
3
cells/µL or greater were associated with MRSA septic arthritis. Ultimately, 98% of patients with 1 or no risk factors had non-MRSA and 96% of patients with MRSA septic arthritis had 2 or more positive risk factors. Elevated C-reactive protein, duration of symptoms, heart rate, and absolute neutrophil count are predictive of MRSA infection in the setting of pediatric septic arthritis and can be obtained on initial evaluation. In patients for whom there is concern for MRSA infection, this may guide more expedient treatment, such as early initiation of contact precautions and appropriate antibiotic therapy before culture results become available. [
Orthopedics.
2018; 41(2):e277–e282.]
Subtle Lisfranc Injuries: A Topical Review and Modification of the Classification System
Authors: Sivakumar Brahman S. , An Vincent V. G. , Oitment Colby , Myerson Mark
Published: February 2018

Lisfranc injuries are relatively uncommon. No specific incidence of subtle injuries has been reported; however, almost one-third are missed on initial review. These missed injuries are a common cause of litigation. Although seen in high-energy injuries with direct application of forces, they are also associated with lower-energy indirect mechanisms, often on the athletic field. This article provides a topical review of subtle Lisfranc disruptions, focusing on contemporary perspectives, and describes a modification to the most prevalent classification system. [Orthopedics.2018; 41(2):e168–e175.]