bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Altered amygdalar emotion space in borderline personality disorder normalizes following dialectical behavioral therapy
Authors: Levine Seth M , Merz Katharina , Keeser Daniel , Kunz Julia I , Barton Barbara B , Reinhard Matthias A , Jobst Andrea , Padberg Frank , Neukel Corinne , Herpertz Sabine C , Bertsch Katja , Musil Richard
Published: January 2023

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a mental health condition characterized by an inability to regulate one’s emotions or accurately process the emotional states of others. Previous neuroimaging studies using classical univariate analyses have tied such emotion dysregulation to aberrant activity levels in the amygdala of patients with BPD. However, multivariate analyses have not yet been utilized to investigate how representational spaces of emotion information may be systematically altered in patients with BPD. To this end, patients performed an emotional face matching task in the MR scanner, before and after a 10-week inpatient program of dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT). Representational similarity analysis of the amygdala revealed a negative bias in the underlying affective space (in that activity patterns evoked by angry, fearful, and neutral faces were more similar to each other than to patterns evoked by surprised faces), which normalized after DBT. This bias-to-normalization effect was present neither in patients’ objective-selective cortex nor in amygdalar activity patterns of a group of healthy volunteers. Such findings suggest a more refined role for the amygdala in the pathological processing of perceived emotions and may provide new diagnostic and prognostic imaging-based markers of emotion dysregulation and personality disorders.
Commodifying participation through choreographed engagement: the Taylor Swift case
Authors: Ryan Bengtsson Linda , Edlom Jessica
Published: January 2023

Purpose

This article examines the ways in which the popular music industry markets artists through integrated transmedia marketing campaigns. These campaigns unfold across multiple media and create multiple pathways for audience engagement, particularly fan engagement, across social media platforms. The purpose is to further theorise the relationship between artists, the music industry and audiences.

Design/methodology/approach

The study used digital ethnography to scrutinise the activities within a contemporary music transmedia marketing campaign, focusing on the release of Taylor Swift's album Reputation as an illustrative case.

Findings

The study demonstrates how strategically curated activities encompass platforms' affordances and industry events by making use of fan engagement across social media platforms and streaming services. Fans shift through platforms, as well as across digital and physical spaces, through defined marketing activities at specific times. This article proposes the concept of choreographed engagement to specifically address the ways in which the temporal and spatial aspects of social media marketing are used at the intersection of platform logic, algorithm economy and fan engagement to reach wider audiences.

Originality/value

By proposing the concept of choreographed engagement, the authors bridge the gap between fan practices and marketing practices, providing insight into how commodification of fan engagement is utilised spatially and temporally within the contemporary platform economy. Choreographed engagement constitutes a significant aspect of strategic communication and marketing. The term expands the vocabulary used in the debate on the commodification of artistic work, and audience engagement in the platform era.
The empirical relationship between transformational leadership and job attitudes: mediating role of psychological capital – a study of healthcare in India
Authors: Shah Tanveer Ahmad , Parray Zahoor Ahmad , Islam Shahbaz ul
Published: January 2023

Purpose

The goal of this research is to investigate the association between transformational leadership style, psychological capital and job attitude (job satisfaction and organization commitment). Transformational leadership's effects on these job attitudes were also analysed in terms of the mediating effects of psychological capital.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors received 296 authentic questionnaires from the para-medical staff working in different public and private healthcare institutes in Jammu and Kashmir, India, and these were then analysed by using SEM with SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 19.

Findings

Results implied that transformational leadership increased the levels of employees' job attitudes. The results further displayed that transformational leadership and psychological capital in the workplace are positively associated. The results also showed that psychological capital was positively linked with job attitudes. Moreover, psychological capital serves as a mediating construct between transformational leadership and job attitudes.

Practical implications

The outcomes of this research will help in comprehending the significance of transformational leadership and psychological capital. Further, these research findings affirm the effectiveness of transformational leadership and psychological capital in forecasting positive job attitudes in the Indian work context. The administrators and policymakers in the healthcare sector can implement these concepts to reduce negative job outcomes.

Originality/value

This study expanded on Deciet al.’s (2017) existing self-determination theory model by incorporating leadership style and psychological capital as workplace context and autonomous intrinsic factors, respectively, into the self-determination theory model to study work behaviours of job satisfaction and commitment. This study contributes to existing self-determination theory knowledge by proposing and testing psychological capital as a mechanism for determining the effect of transformational leadership on job attitudes (job satisfaction and organizational commitment).
Revisiting the finance-growth nexus in Hong Kong: fresh insights from nonparametric analysis
Authors: Almassri Hamza , Ozdeser Huseyin , Saliminezhad Andisheh
Published: January 2023

Purpose

Since financial sector plays a critical economic role in Hong Kong, the current research aims to comprehensively analyze the association between financial development and economic growth in the country to draw correct conclusions about the impact that financial sector's development has on the growth of the economy. This requires both using of more comprehensive data that includes all or nearly all elements of the country's financial sector and utilizing advanced econometrics techniques to provide more reliable evidence based on the findings. In the study, both issues have been addressed more academically to aid the relevant authorities better.

Design/methodology/approach

This study empirically examines the financial development-economic growth nexus in Hong Kong employing data covering 1980–2019. The quantile-on-quantile (QQ) approach of Sim and Zhou (2015) is utilized to investigate certain subtle aspects of the association linking financial development and economic growth. In addition, the authors benefit from applying the nonlinear Granger causality test of Diks and Panchenko (2006) to assess the variables' nexus in a nonlinear manner.

Findings

In contrast to the evidence of a unidirectional linkage documented in many related studies, the empirical findings suggest that a bi-directional relationship exists between financial development and economic growth for Hong Kong. This is a helpful input for the relevant policymakers and implies that they can set appropriate policies and regulations to balance financial development and economic growth in this country.

Originality/value

The originality of this study can be divided into two parts. Methodologically, unlike past studies that utilized mostly linear and parametric methods, the paper contributes to the literature by applying the more robust nonparametric and nonlinear methodologies. Theoretically, most researchers have used various financial development indicators, which led to very different conclusions. Therefore, this study attempts to resolve this deficiency in the literature by using a more comprehensive index for financial development.
Becoming a global library at the local: internationalization activities and practices of Philippine academic libraries
Authors: Ramos-Eclevia Marian
Published: January 2023

Purpose

This study aims to examine the perceived role of libraries and contributions to the internationalization of higher education and identify the available library services for international students and faculty.

Design/methodology/approach

This descriptive research used a survey method to study the different activities and practices of the internationalization of academic libraries.

Findings

The results of this study reveal that academic libraries support the teaching, learning and research needs of international students and faculty members, provide library instruction for international students to acquire information literacy skills and promote the rationale and goals of the institution's internationalization activities. Many respondents are engaged in staff development with internationalization dimensions and international library benchmarking and research paper presentation at international conferences with institutional support.

Practical implications

The results of this study could benefit the profession and library managers by deepening the managers' understanding of the role of libraries in the internationalization of Philippine higher education.

Originality/value

This study will be of interest and value to library and school administrators interested in developing or expanding internationalization activities that positively respond to the redefinition of the role of libraries and librarians in globalization.
Changes in fasting blood glucose status and incidence of cardiovascular disease: The China‐PAR project
Authors: Tong Ye , Liu Fangchao , Huang Keyong , Li Jianxin , Yang Xueli , Chen Jichun , Liu Xiaoqing , Cao Jie , Chen Shufeng , Yu Ling , Zhao Yingxin , Wu Xianping , Zhao Liancheng , Li Ying , Hu Dongsheng , Huang Jianfeng , Lu Xiangfeng , Shen Chong , Gu Dongfeng
Published: January 2023

Background

The effect of long‐standing prediabetes or its transition on incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the association of changes in fasting blood glucose (FBG) status with the risk of developing CVD.

Methods

This research included 12 145 Chinese adults aged 35–74 years and free from diabetes mellitus (DM) at baseline. Study participants were cross‐classified into six categories according to glucose at the first (1998–2001) and the second visit after 8 years: normal fasting glucose (NFG; 50–99 mg/dl), impaired FBG (IFG; 100–125 mg/dl), and DM. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for CVD associated with transition of glucose status.

Results

During a median follow‐up of 5.5 years, 373 incident CVD cases occurred. Compared with participants remaining persistent NFG, a higher risk of developing CVD was identified among those remaining persistent IFG, progressing to DM from NFG or from IFG, with the multivariate‐adjusted HR (95% CI) of 1.792 (1.141, 2.816), 1.723 (1.122, 2.645) and 1.946 (1.120, 3.381), respectively. Furthermore, when stratified by glucose status at baseline, persistent IFG and progression from IFG to DM still increased CVD risk in comparison with reversion from IFG to NFG, with the multivariate‐adjusted HR (95% CI) of 1.594 (1.003, 2.532) and 1.913 (1.080, 3.389).

Conclusions

Participants with long‐standing IFG and progressing to DM had a higher risk of developing CVD. Further well‐designed studies are warranted to assess the association of other phenotypes or prediabetes duration with CVD.
Cast away on Mindoro island: lack of space limits population growth of the endangered tamaraw
Authors: Bonenfant C. , Rutschmann A. , Burton J. , Boyles R. , García F. , Tilker A. , Schütz E.
Published: January 2023

Endangered species, despite often living at low population densities, may undergo unexpected density‐dependent feedbacks in the case of successful recovery or marked reduction in range. Because density‐dependence dynamics can increase risk of extinction, these effects can hamper conservation efforts. In this study, we analyze the dynamics of the largest population of the tamaraw Bubalus mindorensis, a critically endangered ungulate species endemic to Mindoro island, Philippines. The population is located within a <3000 ha area in Mounts Iglit‐Baco Natural Park, with limited expansion possibilities. We took advantage of a 22 year time series of tamaraw counts to estimate annual population growth rate and possible density‐dependence, accounting for sampling errors in the counts. The tamaraw population has been increasing at an average rate of +5% per year, as would be expected given its protected status by law. Population growth showed strong spatial structuring, with a population growth close to +10% in the core area of protection, and a reduction of abundance of −5% at the periphery of its range, inside the protected area. This range constriction is concerning because our best population dynamics model suggests significant negative density‐dependence (Bayes factor = 0.9). The contraction of tamaraw range is likely caused by anthropogenic pressures forcing the species to live at relatively high densities in the core zone where protection is most effective, creating source‐sink dynamics. Our study highlights the fact that, despite the continuous population growth over the last two decades, the long‐term viability of the Mounts Iglit‐Baco Natural Park tamaraw population remains uncertain.
Risk factors for, and genetic association with, intestinal atresia in dairy calves
Authors: Keane Orla M. , Carthy Tara R. , Hanrahan James P. , Matthews Daragh , McEwan John C. , Rowe Suzanne J. , Kenneally Jonathon , Mee John F.
Published: January 2023

Intestinal atresia is an under‐diagnosed congenital defect in cattle. It results in complete occlusion of the intestinal lumen and, unless surgically corrected, results in death or euthanasia of the affected calf. There is limited information on the incidence of this condition or on risk factors, including predisposing alleles, associated with the defect. In this study, active surveillance of 39 dairy farms over 8 years identified 197 cases of intestinal atresia among 56 454 calves born, an incidence of 0.35%. The majority of cases (83%) had occlusion of the jejunum, although cases with blockage of the colon (14%) or anus (4%) were also identified. The defect was twice as common in male as in female calves (p < 0.0001), and was more common in progeny of older cows than in progeny of first or second lactation cows (p < 0.001). Year and farm of birth were also significantly associated with incidence (p < 0.05). The incidence of intestinal atresia was highest among the progeny of three related Jersey sires, suggesting that a gene for intestinal atresia was segregating within this family. Linkage analysis utilising 28 affected progeny of two half‐sib putative carrier sires identified two putative quantitative trait loci associated with the defect, on chromosomes 14 and 26, although no clear candidate genes were identified. There was no evidence of a sire‐effect among the progeny of Holstein‐Friesian sires. However, a case–control genome‐wide association study involving 91 cases and 375 healthy controls, identified 31 SNP in 18 loci as associated with the defect in this breed. These data suggest that intestinal atresia in dairy calves is not a simple Mendelian trait as previously reported but a complex multigenic disorder.
Barriers and enablers to structured care delivery in Australian rural primary care
Authors: Mullan Leanne , Armstrong Kylie , Job Jennifer
Published: January 2023

Objective

The primary aim of this study was to explore the barriers and enablers to structured care delivery in rural primary care, reflecting on Australian research findings.

Design

CINAHL and Scopus databases were searched in August 2021. Inclusion criteria included English language, full‐text studies, published since 2011, reporting on the barriers and enablers to the delivery of structured care within rural and remote primary care. Structured care was conceptualised as care that was organised, integrative and planned.

Findings

A total of 435 studies were screened. Thirty‐four met the inclusion criteria. Barriers to the provision of structured care related to workforce shortages, limited health care services and health care professional capacity, cultural safety and competency, limited resourcing, insufficient knowledge and education, geographical isolation, inadequate care coordination, unclear roles and responsibilities and poor health professional–patient relationships.

Discussion

Health care system and geographical barriers and enablers encountered in rural areas are complex and multidimensional. Identification of the specific challenges to structured care delivery highlights the need for a focussed review of workforce supply and distribution challenges as well as the investigation of system integration, leadership, governance and funding reform that would be required to support rural primary care.
The “fascist” and the “potato beetle”
Authors: Jones Deborah A.
Published: January 2023

Human‐to‐insect comparisons turn the stomachs of scholars of language and discrimination, but do they incite violence? In the spring of 2014, some Ukrainians referred to people they suspected of separatist sympathies as kolorady, or Colorado potato beetles, a notorious invasive pest. But kolorad was also a response to a pro‐Russian epithet for Ukrainians: fashist (fascist). This article traces the relationship between kolorad and fashist in the earliest days of the conflict, finding that this kind of language—which sorts people into producers and parasites, heroes and villains, human and not—is multilayered, interreferencing, and strikingly persistent. Along with dehumanizing language, “patriotic chronotopes” help explain how people perceive threats and why some people come to feel it their responsibility, even destiny, to take violent action.
The role of whole bowel irrigation in the treatment of toxic ingestions
Authors: Tenenbein Milton
Published: January 2023

There is no high‐quality evidence regarding the benefit of any gastrointestinal decontamination procedure in the overdose patient. The original and twice reaffirmed position of the AACT and EAPCCT is based upon the best evidence and practical considerations. WBI was recommended as a treatment for the ingestion of modified release pharmaceuticals, iron salts and other substances not adsorbed by activated charcoal. This is a best evidence recommendation.
Compound clear cell sarcoma with EWSR1::CREM fusion
Authors: Li Philippa , Busam Klaus
Published: January 2023

Cutaneous clear cell sarcomas may be confused with melanomas as a result of overlapping histopathology and immunohistochemical staining. We report a case of a 41‐year‐old woman with a purported history of acral melanoma of the great toe. Twenty‐one months after excision of the primary tumor, the patient developed a groin mass, diagnosed as metastatic melanoma on excision. Five months later, a biopsy of a lung mass was reported as metastatic melanoma. The patient was referred to our institution for treatment, which prompted molecular testing on the groin metastasis by targeted next‐generation sequencing. Molecular testing results revealed TP53 and TERT promoter mutations and the absence of BRAF, KRAS, and KIT mutations; it also revealed an EWSR1::CREM fusion that was confirmed by Archer FusionPlex. The alleged acral melanoma was re‐reviewed, showing an invasive amelanotic spindle cell neoplasm in the dermis with neoplastic nests at the dermal–epidermal junction; the tumor cells expressed markers of melanocytic differentiation but were negative for PRAME and BRAF immunohistochemical staining. Molecular testing of the toe and lung metastasis revealed the same EWSR1::CREM fusion. In light of the molecular findings, the diagnosis was revised to a primary acral compound clear cell sarcoma with EWSR1::CREM fusion.
Spiny keratoderma: A review of case reports and histopathological descriptions
Authors: Valek Stephanie A. , Ahmad Areebah S. , Rousseau Morgan A. , Rashid Rashid M.
Published: January 2023

Spiny keratoderma (SpK) is a rare skin condition characterized by spine‐like papules on the palms and soles. The condition is identified under several names such as “music box spine keratosis” and “palmoplantar filiform hyperkeratosis,” creating ambiguity in the diagnostic and histopathologic features of the disease. In this study, we reviewed 84 cases of SpK to examine patient demographics, medical history, clinical and histopathological descriptions, and sporadic versus hereditary onset. Notably, the most used histopathological terms were “parakeratosis” and “hypogranulosis,” and the most used clinical terms were “spine” and “hyperpigmented.” The average age at presentation was 60.1 years with the majority of cases in males. Only 29.8% of cases were associated with a family history of SpK and underlying malignancies were present in 28.6% of cases. This review investigates the frequency of histopathologic and clinical terms used to describe SpK to provide insight into the clinical and histopathological characteristics of this rarely reported condition.
Shyness subtypes and associations with social anxiety: A comparison study of Canadian and Chinese children
Authors: Kong Xiaoxue , Brook Christina A. , Li Juan , Li Yan , Schmidt Louis A.
Published: January 2023

Previous research has shown that there are distinct types of children's shyness within eastern and western cultures, with different origins, developmental courses, and outcomes. However, the measures used to examine children's shyness in eastern contexts have been developed almost exclusively in the North American context. Whether shyness subtypes and their predictive associations are conserved between western and eastern cultures on a children's shyness measure developed in an eastern context is an empirical question. Here we examined (a) whether two subtypes from the Chinese Shyness Scale (i.e., anxious and regulated) were identified in a western context, and (b) whether cultural context moderated the relation between the two subtypes of shy behavior and a widely used western characterized social anxiety measure. The participants were children aged 3–5 years from China (Mage = 4.46 years, SD = 0.64, n = 182, 53.8% boys) and Canada (Mage = 3.99 years, SD = 0.82, n = 201, 42.3% boys). The results indicated that the two shyness subtypes and the one‐factor social anxiety construct were identified in both cultures. Subsequently, latent moderation structural equation modelling revealed that anxious shyness was significantly and positively related to social anxiety in children from both countries, but more strongly in Canada. Conversely, regulated shyness was significantly and positively related to social anxiety in Canadian children, but not in Chinese children. Findings are discussed regarding possible cultural explanations for why the relations between two Chinese shyness subtypes and social anxiety are different in Chinese and Canadian contexts and their implications to understanding cross‐cultural differences in developmental shyness.

Research Highlights

Two subtypes of shyness (anxious and regulated shyness) reported in China were identified in both China and Canada

Country/culture moderated the relation between shyness subtypes and social anxiety

Anxious shyness was positively related to social anxiety in both countries

Regulated shyness was positively related to social anxiety in Canadian children, but not in Chinese children
Longitudinal associations between impulsivity and lie‐telling in childhood and adolescence
Authors: Dykstra Victoria W. , Turchio Vanessa M. , Willoughby Teena , Evans Angela D.
Published: January 2023

Lie‐telling and impulsivity levels peak during late childhood to early adolescence and have been suggested to be related. Heightened impulsivity may lead adolescents to lie in favor of short‐term benefits without consideration for the potential consequences of deception. The present study assessed longitudinal relations between self‐reported impulsivity and lie‐telling frequency. Participants from a large‐scale longitudinal study (N = 1148; Mage = 11.55, SD = 1.69, 9–15 years at Time 1) reported on their impulsivity (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale) and their frequency of lie‐telling to parents, to teachers, to friends, and about cheating across two time points 1 year apart. Cross‐lagged path analysis revealed greater impulsivity was associated with more frequent lie‐telling to parents, friends, and teachers, and about cheating over time. Our findings demonstrate the role of impulsivity in the development of lie‐telling behaviors.

Research Highlights

Impulsivity predicts lying across time in multiple contexts (to parents, friends, teachers, and about cheating).

Previous research has demonstrated the role of top‐down influences on lie‐telling, but the current study suggests that bottom‐up processes are also influential.
Development of the motivational interviewing for loved ones skills assessment (MILO‐SA)
Authors: Davis Beshaun J. , Fenley Alicia , Sanders Aliyah , Ipekci Bediha , Thibeau Heather , Khan Tabinda , Shashidhar Gautami , Keshavan Matcheri , Kline Emily
Published: January 2023

Aim

Expressed emotion of family members is a key target for intervention for bettering psychosocial outcomes for transitional‐age youth experiencing mental health crises. Motivational Interviewing for Loved Ones (MILO) seeks to reduce expressed emotion by teaching parents motivational interviewing skills such as taking a non‐judgmental stance, exploring their loved one's thoughts and feelings, expressing optimism and confidence, and avoiding taking an expert role. This report details the creation of the Motivational Interviewing for Loved Ones‐ Skills Assessment (MILO‐SA), its psychometric properties, and convergent validity with other measures of motivational interviewing adeptness.

Methods

Our sample (n = 54) consisted of baseline assessments from parents participating in a pilot study of MILO. Parents were assessed for baseline knowledge of motivational interviewing as well as MILO skills with the MILO‐SA and a traditional assessment clinician application of motivational interviewing skills.

Results

We found that the MILO‐SA displayed high interrater reliability (k = 0.81), and convergent validity with motivational interviewing knowledge (r = 0.32) as well as traditional assessments of clinician adeptness applying motivational interviewing skills (r = 0.67).

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that the MILO‐SA has strong psychometric properties and is a useful tool for assessing parent acquisition of motivational interviewing skills. Specifically, the MILO‐SA can be used in future studies focused on teaching non‐clinicians motivational interviewing skills.
Decolonizing affect: Resonance as an ethnographic technique
Authors: Iskra Anna
Published: January 2023

This article is a call to decolonize affect theory through deepening its engagement with fieldwork conducted in the global South. It examines the native Chinese concept ofganying, or resonance, as an ethnographic technique by engaging with the author's fieldwork experiences among Body Mind Spirit practitioners in China. Participating inganyingcaptures the formation of affective atmospheres through the ethnographer's involvement in their co‐creation. Where attunement functions as a normative ideal, resonance becomes a technique of embodying responsiveness and cultivating intimacy that supports efforts to narrativize affect. Examining the genealogy ofganyingand its ethnographic applications reveals this concept's alignment with influential theorizations that in recent decades have been constructed as “new” and “paradigm shifting” contributions to the affective turn. It cautions against the risks of erasure resulting from such Eurocentric negligence of kindred notions circulated in scholarly and vernacular contexts outside of the global North.
Range‐wide population genomics of the spongy moth, Lymantria dispar (Erebidae): Implications for biosurveillance, subspecies classification and phylogeography of a destructive moth
Authors: Picq Sandrine , Wu Yunke , Martemyanov Vyacheslav V. , Pouliot Esther , Pfister Scott E. , Hamelin Richard , Cusson Michel
Published: January 2023

The spongy moth, Lymantria dispar, is an irruptive forest pest native to Eurasia where its range extends from coast to coast and overspills into northern Africa. Accidentally introduced from Europe in Massachusetts in 1868–1869, it is now established in North America where it is considered a highly destructive invasive pest. A fine‐scale characterization of its population genetic structure would facilitate identification of source populations for specimens intercepted during ship inspections in North America and would enable mapping of introduction pathways to help prevent future incursions into novel environments. In addition, detailed knowledge of L. dispar's global population structure would provide new insight into the adequacy of its current subspecies classification system and its phylogeographic history. To address these issues, we generated >2000 genotyping‐by‐sequencing‐derived SNPs from 1445 contemporary specimens sampled at 65 locations in 25 countries/3 continents. Using multiple analytical approaches, we identified eight subpopulations that could be further partitioned into 28 groups, achieving unprecedented resolution for this species' population structure. Although reconciliation between these groupings and the three currently recognized subspecies proved to be challenging, our genetic data confirmed circumscription of the japonica subspecies to Japan. However, the genetic cline observed across continental Eurasia, from L. dispar asiatica in East Asia to L. d. dispar in Western Europe, points to the absence of a sharp geographical boundary (e.g., the Ural Mountains) between these two subspecies, as suggested earlier. Importantly, moths from North America and the Caucasus/Middle East displayed high enough genetic distances from other populations to warrant their consideration as separate subspecies of L. dispar. Finally, in contrast with earlier mtDNA‐based investigations that identified the Caucasus as L. dispar's place of origin, our analyses suggest continental East Asia as its evolutionary cradle, from where it spread to Central Asia and Europe, and to Japan through Korea.
Structured knowledge creation for Urdu language: A DBpedia approach
Authors: Rasham Shanza , Khan Habib Ullah , Maqbool Fahad , Razzaq Saad , Anwar Sajid , Ilyas Muhammad
Published: January 2023

Wikipedia information is extracted by DBpedia and linked to other web resources as Linked Open Data, which is an important contribution to the field of semantics. As part of its internationalisation endeavour, DBpedia now has 20 language chapters that have been mapped to it; nonetheless, there have been very few attempts from Urdu. This article outlines the procedures and highlights the efforts put forward as the first contribution to the manual creation of Urdu mappings with DBpedia Ontology classes. Our approach led to an increase in the number of mapped infoboxes, thus enhancing the DBpedia. The mapping procedure is broken down into two parts. The infobox template is first mapped to the DBpedia ontology's relevant class, and then the attributes of the infobox are mapped to the properties of that class. In addition, alongside other mapped languages, Urdu labels are included to the description of Ontology classes. We have covered around a thousand properties and attributes of Urdu with English DBpedia Ontology on DBpedia mapping server.
Predictive validity of the Questionnaire for Medical Checkup of Old‐Old for functional disability: Using the National Health Insurance Database System
Authors: Tanaka Tomoki , Yoshizawa Yasuyo , Sugaya Kenji , Yoshida Midori , Bokyung Son , Lyu Weida , Tsushita Kazuyo , Iijima Katsuya
Published: January 2023

Aim

To enhance health services that can address multifaceted issues, the Questionnaire for Medical Checkup of Old‐Old (QMCOO) was strategically developed to ascertain frailty status. Using the National Health Insurance database system, we aimed to clarify whether the QMCOO can predict new certifications for long‐term care for disabilities.

Method

Of 20 151 adults aged ≥75 years who underwent health checkups in Kashiwa City, Japan, in fiscal year 2020 (examination rate 36.8%), 18 130 persons were included (mean age 80.1 ± 4.1 years, 55.1% women). The outcome was the new certification of long‐term care until January 2022. From the medical care receipt data, QMCOO, age, sex, living arrangement, body mass index, comorbidity, and musculoskeletal and connective tissue diseases were evaluated.

Result

During the follow‐up period, 727 (4.0%) participants had an incident disability (median follow up 457 days [quartile range 408–519 days]). The QMCOO's predictive accuracy for new long‐term care needs was optimal when the total score of 3/4 was used as the threshold. Older adults with scores ≥4 had a higher adjusted hazard ratio for incident disability (adjusted hazard ratio 2.5, 95% confidence interval 2.1–2.9). Furthermore, the adjusted hazard ratio was greatly enhanced with comorbidity (6.6, 95% confidence interval 4.8–8.9).

Conclusion

The QMCOO, which reflects multifaceted frailty, might be predictive of incident disability, and its predictive accuracy could be improved by considering comorbidities. The comprehensive QMCOO could contribute to extending healthy life expectancy through efficiently assessing health care and preventing long‐term care, even among the old‐old in the latter stage who tended to suffer from multimorbidity. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 124–130.
Characterization of spherical silica–titania mixed oxide particles synthesized by using a dry process
Authors: Saiki Keiji , Ishikawa Toshihiro
Published: January 2023

Silica–titania mixed oxides have excellent properties, such as a low thermal expansion coefficient and a refractive index that can be adjusted by changing the Ti content. However, when the Ti content increases, silica and titania phases in silica–titania mixed oxides can separate. This phase separation leads to the precipitation of the titania component as rutile or anatase crystals. When silica–titania mixed oxides undergo phase separation, their properties become unstable; for example, the refractive index of the particles becomes non‐uniform. Therefore, it is preferable to synthesize silica–titania mixed oxides in an amorphous state without causing phase separation.

Based on our previous studies on particle size control in silica synthesis, we employed a dry process using organosilicon compounds to synthesize silica–titania mixed oxides. In this study, spherical amorphous silica–titania mixed oxide particles were obtained via flame synthesis using organosilicon and organotitanium compounds.

The purpose of this study was to characterize the obtained powder and explore the possibility of controlling particle size during synthesis. By studying the dry process synthesis of spherical silica–titania mixed oxide particles, we confirmed the relationships: between the Si/Ti molar ratio and the obtained crystal structure and between the adiabatic flame temperature and the particle size.
Trends and disparities in ventricular tachycardia mortality in the United States
Authors: Ibrahim Ramzi , Sroubek Jakub , Nakhla Shady , Lee Justin Z.
Published: January 2023

We aimed to evaluate trends and disparities in mortality from ventricular tachycardia in patients with underlying cardiovascular disease. We performed cross‐sectional analyses using publicly available data from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention Wide‐Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research database. We identified a total of 7025 deaths from ventricular tachycardia between the years 2007 and 2020. Overall, age‐adjusted mortality rates increased from 0.22 in 1999 to 0.32 in 2020 (p < .05). Black female and male adults had higher age‐adjusted mortality rates compared to White female and male adults, respectively (p < .05). Disproportionate age‐adjusted mortality rates among male populations and Southern residents were also observed. This study demonstrated an increase in deaths related to ventricular tachycardia since 2007. Significant differences in mortality exist across racial, gender, and geographic subgroups.
Pulmonary vein isolation‐induced vagal nerve injury and gastric motility disorders detected by electrogastrography: The side effects of pulmonary vein isolation in atrial fibrillation (SEPIA) study
Authors: Grosse Meininghaus Dirk , Freund Robert , Kleemann Tobias , Geller Johann Christoph , Matthes Harald
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Safety of pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) has been established in clinical studies. However, despite prevention efforts the incidence of damage to (peri)‐esophageal tissue has not decreased, and the pathophysiology is incompletely understood. Damage to vagal nerve branches may be involved in lesion progression to atrio‐esophageal fistula. Using electrogastrography, we assessed the incidence of periesophageal vagal nerve injury (VNI) following atrial fibrillation ablation and its association with procedural parameters and endoscopic results.

Methods

Patients were studied using electrogastrography, endoscopy, and endoscopic ultrasound before and after cryoballoon (CB) or radiofrequency (RF) PVI. The incidence of ablation‐induced neuropathic pattern (indicating VNI) in pre‐ and postprocedural electrogastrography was assessed and correlated with endoscopic results and ablation data.

Results

Between February 2021 und January 2022, 85 patients (67 ± 10 years, 53% male) were included, 33 were treated with CB and 52 with RF (38 with moderate power moderate duration [25–30 W] and 14 with high power short duration [50 W]). Ablation‐induced VNI was detected in 27/85 patients independent of the energy form. Patients with VNI more frequently had postprocedural endoscopically detected pathology (8% mucosal esophageal lesions, 36% periesophageal edema, 33% food retention) but there was incomplete overlap. Pre‐existing esophagitis increased the likelihood of VNI. Ablation data and esophageal temperature data did not predict VNI.

Conclusion

PVI‐induced VNI is quite common and independent of ablation energy source. VNI is part of (peri)‐esophageal damage and only partially overlaps with endoscopic findings. VNI‐associated acidic reflux may be involved in the complex pathophysiology of esophageal lesion progression to fistula.
Effect of administration of low‐dose irbesartan and hydrochlorothiazide combined with levamlodipine at different times on the circadian rhythm of blood pressure and the levels of MMPs and TIMPs in non‐dipper patients with grade 1 and 2 hypertension
Authors: Yan Peiling , Luo Yongjian , Zhang Jiancheng , Liu Haifeng , Chen Jiashi , Wang Jing , Dong Guofeng , Ge Minghao
Published: January 2023

This study aimed to probe the effects of low‐dose irbesartan and hydrochlorothiazide in combination with levamlodipine at different times on the circadian rhythm of blood pressure, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) levels in patients with non‐dipper hypertension (NDH). In this prospective randomized controlled trial, 124 patients with NDH who visited our hospital between August 2018 and July 2021 were enrolled and divided into morning (62 patients) and night (62 patients) medication groups according to the random number table method. All patients received low‐dose irbesartan and hydrochlorothiazide combined with levamlodipine, with the morning medication group taking the medication between 7:00 and 10:00 and the night medication group taking the medication between 19:00 and 22:00 for 24 weeks. The effect of antihypertensive medication in both groups was measured, and changes in ambulatory blood pressure, blood pressure circadian rhythm, left ventricular structure, vascular endothelial function, MMPs, and TIMPs levels were observed before treatment initiation and after 24 weeks of treatment in both groups. The percentage of the dipper type was higher in the night medication group than in the morning medication group, while the percentage of the non‐dipper type was lower in the morning medication group (p < .05). Low‐dose irbesartan and hydrochlorothiazide combined with levamlodipine at different times can effectively treat NDH, but bedtime dosing is more beneficial in reducing nocturnal blood pressure, reversing NDH, improving the circadian rhythm of blood pressure, left ventricular structure, regulating vascular endothelial function, increasing MMPs levels, and reducing TIMP levels.
A guide for maximizing the accuracy of intraoral digital scans: Part 2—Patient factors
Authors: Revilla‐León Marta , Kois Dean E. , Kois John C.
Published: January 2023

Objectives

To describe the factors related to patient intraoral conditions that impact the scanning accuracy of intraoral scanners (IOSs). A new classification for these influencing factors is proposed to facilitate dental professionals' decision‐making and maximize the accuracy and reliability of intraoral digital scans.

Overview

Variables related to intraoral conditions of the patient that can influence the scanning accuracy of IOSs include tooth type, presence of interdental spaces, arch width variations, palate characteristics, wetness, existing restorations, characteristics of the surface being digitized, edentulous areas, interimplant distance, position, angulation, and depth of existing implants, and implant scan body selection.

Conclusions

The knowledge and understanding of the patient's intraoral conditions that can impact the scanning accuracy of IOSs is a fundamental element for maximizing the accuracy of IOSs.

Clinical Significance

The patient's intraoral conditions, or patient factors, can significantly impact intraoral scanning accuracy. Dental professionals must know and understand these influencing patient factors to maximize the accuracy of IOSs.
Ohmic heating using electrolytes for paddy parboiling: A study on thermal profile, electrical conductivity, milling quality, and nutritional attributes
Authors: D'cruz Vidya , Chandran Monisha , Athmaselvi KA , Rawson Ashish , Natarajan Venkatachalapathy
Published: January 2023

Ohmic heating (OH), a novel thermal technique could be utilized for paddy parboiling to improve milled rice quality. In this research, two paddy varieties (one traditional and one modern variety) were subjected to OH at different salt concentrations (0%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.7%, and 0.9%) and voltage gradients (10, 12, 14, 16, and 18 V/cm) and their influence on thermal profile, electrical conductivity (EC), milled rice quality, and nutritional profile were studied in comparison to the conventional steaming method. A factorial design was used to determine the effect of variety, voltage gradient and holding time on head rice yield (HRY), hardness and color difference of parboiled milled rice. Results indicated the significance of salt and voltage on processing time and HRY. On increasing, both enhanced the EC and heating rate leading to a great reduction in parboiling duration whereas HRY increased on lowering the voltage. High significant effects were observed between the factors for HRY and color. The maximum HRY and hardness were obtained for OH at 0.7% salt and 12 V/cm. This treatment when compared to steaming, consumed less energy, and provided less chalkiness, better HRY and hardness for both varieties to a greater extent. OH also positively impacted the nutritional profile of parboiled rice as it retained more protein and fat than the conventional method. These results reveal the superiority of OH in providing a significant favorable impact on the parboiled milled rice quality and has a great potential to be used for paddy parboiling.

Practical applications

Ohmic heating is an emerging thermal technique having the potential for rapid uniform heating. In this study, OH was utilized for paddy parboiling by incorporating electrolytes for replacing the conventional steaming method. Steaming requires a boiler for generating steam, which adds to the processing cost and equipping OH eliminates the need for a boiler. This will save water, energy, space, manpower, and maintenance requirements. OH also reduces the parboiling duration, while improving parboiled rice quality. The ohmic behavior of paddy will also facilitate the design of continuous ohmic systems for paddy parboiling which can be immensely useful in the rice processing industry.
Safety and efficacy of injection of human placenta mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes for treatment of complex perianal fistula in non‐Crohn's cases: Clinical trial phase I
Authors: Pak Haleh , Hadizadeh Alireza , Heirani‐Tabasi Asieh , Soleimani Masoud , Asbagh Reza Akbari , Fazeli Mohammad Sadegh , Kazemeini Alireza , Keshvari Amir , Keramati Mohammad Reza , Salahshour Faezeh , Nazari Hengameh , Tafti Seyed Mohsen Ahmadi , Behboudi Behnam
Published: January 2023

Background and Aim

A perianal fistula is an abnormal tract that connects anal canal to skin. Current medical and surgical interventions have a high failure rate particularly in complex and refractory cases. MSC‐derived exosomes have demonstrated immunomodulatory effects without the conventional complications; hence, in this study, we evaluated the safety of their application for complex perianal fistula.

Methods

Placenta‐derived MSCs were cultured, and exosomes were isolated using ultracentrifugation. Exosome injections were administered in the operating room to 11 patients with complex perianal fistula (presence of fistulas for at least 1 year alongside medical and surgical treatment). The patients were followed for 6 months, and the patients were evaluated using physical examination, face‐to‐face interviews, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Results

Among 11 patients only one did not show any improvement upon physical examination. Five patients showed complete tract resolve. While the discharge was stopped in eight patients, two patients showed only reduction. None of the patients showed any acute or latent allergic reaction or injection related complications.

Conclusion

Administration of exosomes isolated from MSCs demonstrates safety and a satisfactory therapeutic effect in treatment complex perianal fistulae; therefore, it can be a candidate for future studies and might play a significant role in treatment.
Geminiviral C2 proteins inhibit active autophagy to facilitate virus infection by impairing the interaction of ATG7 and ATG8
Authors: Cao Buwei , Ge Linhao , Zhang Mingzhen , Li Fangfang , Zhou Xueping
Published: January 2023

Autophagy is a conserved intracellular degradation process that plays an active role in plant response to virus infections. Here we report that geminiviruses counteract activated autophagy‐mediated antiviral defense in plant cells through the C2 proteins they encode. We found that, in Nicotiana benthamiana plants, tomato leaf curl Yunnan virus (TLCYnV) infection upregulated the transcription levels of autophagy‐related genes (ATGs). Overexpression of NbATG5, NbATG7, or NbATG8a in N. benthamiana plants decreased TLCYnV accumulation and attenuated viral symptoms. Interestingly, transgenic overexpression of NbATG7 promoted the growth of N. benthamiana plants and enhanced plant resistance to TLCYnV. We further revealed that the C2 protein encoded by TLCYnV directly interacted with the ubiquitin‐activating domain of ATG7. This interaction competitively disrupted the ATG7–ATG8 binding in N. benthamiana and Solanum lycopersicum plants, thereby inhibiting autophagy activity. Furthermore, we uncovered that the C2‐mediated autophagy inhibition mechanism was conserved in three other geminiviruses. In summary, we discovered a novel counter‐defensive strategy employed by geminiviruses that enlists their C2 proteins as disrupters of ATG7–ATG8 interactions to defeat antiviral autophagy.