bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Defining a standard set of outcomes for patients with psychosis
Authors: McKenzie E , Shokraneh F , Matkin L , Fialho L S , Gintner T , Ilesanmi C , Emelurumonye I N , Addington D
Published: October 2020

Background

A working group (WG) of researchers, clinicians, and service users was created to develop a Standard Set of Psychotic Disorder Outcomes. This study describes the ICHOM framework to create a minimum Standard Set of outcomes for Psychotic Disorders.

Methods

The WG defined the scope of the project to include adolescents and adults meeting DSM-5 criteria for schizophrenia spectrum disorders or bipolar I disorder. A systematic literature review was conducted to extract patient outcomes. The WG then selected outcomes for this minimum standard set using an online modified Delphi consensus technique, throughout a series of video-conference calls. Outcome measures were identified through additional literature searches using a Terwee filter. These were evaluated by inclusion criteria, namely psychometric properties, feasibility of implementation, licensing fees and available translations.

Results

In total, 7074 studies were screened for outcome extraction. Outcomes were extracted from the 239 of these which passed eligibility criteria. The WG voted to include 17 outcomes, grouped into 7 domains (symptoms, treatment, recovery, functioning, quality of life, physical health and safety). A further 24 outcomes were identified for bipolar disorder, grouped within the same domains.

Conclusions

The outcomes recommended by the working group enable meaningful and standardized assessment of psychotic disorders worldwide. Adoption of the ICHOM framework can facilitate informed decision-making by healthcare providers, long term monitoring and improved global treatment outcomes in the long term.

Key messages

Standard set provides a valid and easy tool for healthcare workers for measuring outcomes. Value based health care and outcomes measures could globally improve healthcare and at the same time reduce healthcare cost.
Epidemiological panorama of dengue in the 2019 season of the HCG Juan I. Menchaca
Authors: Gonzalez Valadez J , Castillo Velez F E , Paredes Casillas P
Published: October 2020

Introduction

Dengue fever is a viral infection transmitted by female mosquitoes of the Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus species. vector-borne diseases represent an impact on public health in Mexico and the world, so it has tried to contain and mitigate them.

Objectives

Analyze the epidemiological panorama of dengue in the 2019 season of the Guadalajara Civil Hospital 'Juan I. Menchaca'.

Material and Methods

A cross-sectional, analytical study was designed. The data search was carried out through the platform of the National Epidemiological Surveillance System (SINAVE), of all the cases notified as arbovirosis during the year 2019. The analysis was carried out with the EPI Info 7 statistical package, frequency measures were calculated and association.

Results

1496 probable cases of dengue were reported, of which: non-serious dengue 108 (7.22%), dengue with alarm signs 197 (13.17%) and severe dengue 183 (14.9%), positivity of 488 cases (70%). Municipality of residence: Guadalajara 287 (58.81%), Tonalá 73 (14.95%), Tlaquepaque 60 (12.29%). Housewife represented 39.96% (OR 1.40, 95% CI 0.99-1.97, p 0.053), age (mean 30.78), male 60.83% (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.54-1.09, p 0.14). Liver enzymes in patients with dengue fever: ALT 830.42 (mean difference 795.08, 95% CI 683.00-907.17, p < 0.0001), AST (mean difference 2368.83, 95% CI 1980.65-2757.01, p < 0.0001).

Conclusions

The high positivity reflects a high incidence of the disease during the 2019 season. Home occupation was highly prevalent, although it was not possible to demonstrate statistical significance as a risk factor for the disease, however, it opens the possibility of future research. Our study highlights the importance of including liver function tests as an initial evaluation since it was an important predictor of mortality.

Key messages

Dengue. Fever.
Geographical Information System for Health Impact Assessment and urban planning
Authors: Smida J , Loosova J
Published: October 2020

The use of methods of geographic information systems and cartography is common in the processes of spatial planning and Health Impact Assessment. As part of the research team of the Technical University of Liberec (Czech Republic) and in cooperation with the Liberec City Hall and the Regional Hygiene Authority of the Liberec Region, we propose a procedure for the implementation of HIA in spatial planning.

The project aims to propose and verify the methodological procedure of comprehensive assessment of health determinants in the area following the method of HIA in the territory of Liberec and the municipalities of the Liberec region. The main area of research and the applicability of results is in spatial and urban planning and public health protection, where the methodology will contribute to the identification of the main impacts on the health of the population, health inequalities and the proposed measures to eliminate or reduce negative or strengthen positive impacts. Multicriterial analysis with outputs in GIS will be used to define impacts. Project activities: the design of the concept of the data model, data analysis, evaluation of the methodology and proposal of measures supporting health.

The project includes the design of the concept and logical structure of the data model of health determinants. This is the basis for multicriterial analyzes of health determinants. Its proposal will use methods of health impact assessment (HIA, especially scoping) and qualitative research methods. GIScience and geoinformatics methods will be used to solve the model structure.

Last but not least, the methodology for analytical processing is elaborated: the activity will focus on the design and testing of multi-criteria analysis of health determinants.

Key messages

Geographic information systems enable efficient creation, analysis and communication of data model of health determinants. Spatial planning is a concrete tool for the implementation of health impact assessment objectives into practice.
Barriers against safer sex as predictors of condom negotiation self-efficacy among Mozambican Women
Authors: Patrão A L , McIntyre T
Published: October 2020

Background

Negotiation self-efficacy is one of the main predictors of effective condom use. Therefore, it is essential to identify the factors that influence condom use negotiation self-efficacy in vulnerable women. The aim of this paper is to examine whether socio-demographic and marital factors, and perceived barriers against safer sex are associated with condom use negotiation self-efficacy among Mozambican women at sexual risk.

Methods

173 women, patients at a Mozambican public Hospital and at risk for HIV infection, completed measures of sociodemographic and marital characteristics, perceived barriers against safer sex, and condom use negotiation self-efficacy. Measures included the Mozambican version of the “Women's Health Study Questionnaire”, which presented good psychometric properties in this sample.

Results

Demographic variables (age and education) explained 20% of the variance (ΔF(2, 170)=20.92, p<.001) in condom use negotiation self-efficacy, and the marital variables, “marital status” and “talking about AIDS with partner”, explained 30% of the variance in the outcome (ΔF(2, 168)=50.06, p<.001). Barriers against safer sex explained 6.5% of unique variance in condom use negotiation self-efficacy (ΔF(1, 167)= 24.68, p<.001). The overall model explained 55% of the variance in condom use negotiation self-efficacy.

Conclusions

These results support an exploratory predictive model of condom use negotiation self-efficacy that can inform interventions directed at behavioral change among Mozambican women at sexual risk.

Key messages

Women who were younger, had a higher level of education, were single, and talked about AIDS, had higher levels of condom use negotiation self-efficacy. Women who had lower levels of perceived barriers, had higher levels of condom use negotiation self-efficacy.
Fatigue and sleepiness in night workers: preliminary results of an educational program
Authors: Amaral A P , Câmara L T , Nunes L S , Gomes A A
Published: October 2020

Background

Night work has negative effects on sleep, sleepiness and fatigue with repercussions in performance, safety and health. Therefore, implementing sleep hygiene educational intervention seems of tremendous importance to industries. The questions underlying this study were: 1) To what extent do shift workers experience risk levels of fatigue and sleepiness?; 2) May a sleep hygiene program be associated with improvements on fatigue and sleepiness?

Methods

The study was conducted in industry and employed a pre pos-test design using the Epworth's Sleepiness Scale and Chalder's Fatigue Scale. From 471 night workers assessed 45 participants at risk for fatigue and sleepiness (93.3% males), mean age of 31 years (SD = 7.3), were selected for the intervention, composed of four sessions along five months, delivered by the occupational medical doctor. The first three sessions, in small groups, focused in sleep literacy and sleep hygiene; the last one, individual, focused in clinical issues (personalized intervention plan).

Results

Results suggested that 9.6% (N = 45) of the night workers were at high risk (higher levels of fatigue and sleepiness). After intervention, paired T tests revealed significant decreases (p<.001) on mean values for fatigue from T0 (M = 6.67; SD = 2.23) to T1 (M = 4.78; SD = 3.02), and for sleepiness from T0 (M = 15.49; SD = 4.39) to T1 (M = 11.8; SD = 5.95). Along the intervention, participants pointed out family-related routines as an obstacle to daytime sleeping period.

Conclusions

Results support the importance of this educational program focused on sleep hygiene, in reducing sleepiness and fatigue. The program is now part of the occupational health procedures of the company but qualitative results also suggest the importance of including the family in the program, as an innovative procedure. In summary, education of night workers and their families is needed regarding sleep habits in order to promote safety and health in workplace.

Key messages

The sleep hygiene program implemented in permanent night workers allowed to reduce fatigue and sleepiness. Fatigue and sleepiness management improvements might contribute to reduce the risk of accidents in the workplace and increase the workers’ health condition.
Effect of a school-based intervention in eating habits among school children:quasi experimental study
Authors: Ben Cheikh A , Maatoug J , Ghammam R , Chouikha F , Mallat A , Ghannem H
Published: October 2020

Background

Childhood obesity has become a public health problem. Worldwide, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children has increased dramatically especially in developing countries. The present study aimed to assess whether six months intervention program with parents' implication in primary schools is able to decrease morning snack consumption among children aged 6 to 12 years.

Methods

We carried out a quasi experimental study with two groups of schoolchildren in the region of Sousse (Tunisia) from 2015 to 2016. One primary school in each group was selected. In each school, we randomly selected a sample size of schoolchildren and their parents. The intervention was based on healthy eating habits promotion.

Results

The consumption of morning snacks the day before data collection, reported by children, decreased significantly in post-intervention in both intervention and control groups. The decrease of consumption of morning snacks was significantly higher in intervention group (p = 0.009). According to parents, the proportion of children who had the habit of eating morning snack decreased significantly from pre to post-intervention in intervention group (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

A healthy environment should be created through effective school policies to prevent obesity.

Key messages

The consumption of morning snacks reported by children, decreased significantly in post-intervention. A healthy environment should be created through effective school policies to prevent obesity.
Health Literacy level and related factors of students in a health vocational high school
Authors: Yalcin E , Cavuslu I C , Firinci B , Yalcinkaya N , Pehlivan E
Published: October 2020

Background

Health literacy (HL) is defined as the capacity to acquire, interpret and understand basic health information and services in a way to improve person's health. Population health literacy level was found to be inadequate or limited with 64,4% Ä°n Turkey Health Literacy Research (2015). The aim of this study is to determine the HL levels of students attending health vocational high schools and the related factors.

Methods

The population of this cross-sectional study was students who attended to the vocational school in the center of Malatya. The sample size was determined as 337 by using the power analysis based on Turkish data. Official permission was obtained for the research. In May and June 2019, Turkish Health Literacy Questionnaire-32 (THLQ) developed by the Ministry of Health was applied to the accepting students in this study.The score obtained from the scale is considered to be insufficient of 25 and below, limited to > 25-33 points and a score of < 33 and above is sufficient or excellent. In the analysis of the data, Kolmogorov Smirnov, Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis tests were used and p < 0.05 was chosen as the level of error.

Results

68% of the students is female and 32% is male. The average age of the research group is 16.6 ± 1.1 (min. 14, max. 20). 18.3% of male students stated that 6.6% of female students smoke. The THLQ score of the study group was found to be 33.7 ± 8.9. 53.7% of male students and 39.5% of female students had insufficient or limited HL different from each other significantly (p < 0,025). 56.4% of students in 9th and 10th grades and 37.4% of 11th and 12th grade students were found to have insufficient or limited HL significantly (p < 0,0001). There was no difference between HLL scores and other socio-demographic characteristics(p > 0,05).

Conclusions

The frequency of adequate or excellent HL in the study group is higher among females (60.5%) than males (46.3%). It can be said that female students value health more.

Key messages

The limited level of health literacy of health vocational high school students indicates the insufficiency of health education in schools. Health topic campaigns should be organized frequently for awareness on health education during school education.
Communication on complementary feeding: attitudes of parents versus pediatricians in France
Authors: De Rosso S , Nicklaus S , Ducrot P , Schwartz C
Published: October 2020

Background

Appropriate complementary feeding (CF) can be seen as a promising strategy to prevent childhood obesity. Children's eating behavior is influenced by multiple factors, but parents play a key role in modelling eating habits of their children. For this reason, parents must be informed and guided properly through the CF process. Pediatricians (PED) interact with parents before and at the onset of the CF transition, they can thus positively influence related parental decisions. With the release of new recommendations in France in 2019, the aim of this study was to inform the communication strategy accounting for the needs of parents and PED.

Methods

Two online surveys were prepared, completion was anonymous and on voluntary basis. PED members of AFPA, the French Association of Ambulatory Pediatrics, (n = 1402), were asked on their attitudes and practices in counselling parents on CF. A representative national sample of 1001 parents, with at least one child under 4 years, was interviewed to investigate their sources and expectations regarding information on CF.

Results

Answers from 301 PED and 826 parents showed that the importance of CF for the healthy growth of the child was well recognized by all. PED considered as their responsibility counselling parents on CF and parents acknowledged them as the most influential source of advice. However, PED neglected the fact that parents gave almost the same level of trust to their social network when looking for advice on CF. Internet was a well-recognized source of information according to all whatever their status. Apps were also rated as an appropriate communication tool but no such official app exist so far. Diverging from what PED consider useful, parents were interested in practical advice to implement CF, such as recipes' examples.

Conclusions

This study highlights common expectations but also points of divergence between PED's and parents' needs with regards to communication on CF.

Key messages

PED are an important and reliable source of information on CF for parents, but the influence of parents’ social network is underestimated by PED and must be taken into account. In developing the communication strategy for CF guidelines, both paper and digital tools should be considered. These tools should tackle topics for which parents lack information.
The health promoting sports club model: An intervention planning framework
Authors: Van Hoye A , Johnson S , Geidne S , Donaldson A , Rostan F , Lemonnier F , Vuillemin A
Published: October 2020

Background

Researchers and policymakers have acknowledged sports clubs (SCs) as health promoting settings. Limited research links the health promoting sports club (HPSC) concept with evidence-driven strategies to offer SCs guidance to develop health promotion interventions. As implementation science insists on theoretically grounded interventions, this work's objective was to provide SCs an evidence-driven intervention framework for planning health promotions.

Methods

A 4-step process was undertaken: 1) investigate indicators for SCs to be considered health promoting, 2) adapt the theoretical HPSC concept to create a HPSC model, 3) reformulate published evidence-driven guidelines into implementable intervention components (ICs) and 4) merge the model with the ICs to provide an intervention planning framework for SCs. During 3 workshops, researchers defined the model elements and ICs. Workshop participants classified ICs into the HSPC model. Each IC could be classified multiple times within the model.

Results

Researchers drafted 5 HPSC indicators: 1) an approach embracing all SC actions, 2) involve all SC levels in actions and decisions, 3) involve external partners, 4) promoting health is continuous and iterative and 5) base actions on needs. To create the HPSC model, elements were defined: 3 SC levels (club, management, coaches) and 4 health determinants (organizational, social, environmental, economic) per level based on the indicators. Published guidelines from literature reviews aided in developing 14 strategies with 55 ICs. Workshop classification of ICs into the model included: club (n = 79), management (n = 67) and coaches (n = 48).

Conclusions

The theoretical HPSC model and intervention planning framework act as starting points to develop and implement interventions to increase HP efforts by stakeholders in several ways: 1) SCs can apply strategies based on goals, 2) SCs can target specific levels with corresponding ICs or 3) ICs can target specific health determinants.

Key messages

A Health Promoting Sports Club model defines 4 health determinants at 3 levels (coach, management operational) of sports clubs to plan, develop and implement targeted health promotion activities. This HPSC intervention planning framework has 14 strategies with 55 intervention components targeting multiple sports club levels giving stakeholders a path to become a health promoting sports club.
Second-hand harms of alcohol use in urban Chinese university students: A study from Hong Kong
Authors: Kim J , Chan R H W , Leung K L , Chan K Y M , Chung R Y , Fong B , Sumerlin T S , Siu S , Lee J J
Published: October 2020

Background

Although second-harms alcohol harms, harms caused by the drinking of others, may contribute significantly to the public health burden of alcohol, these harms are an understudied area of public health research. This study aims to examine second-hand alcohol harms in among urban Chinese university students residing on campus who are were previously identified as a high risk group for alcohol misuse.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted among hostel residents in two Hong Kong universities (n = 1455) using self-administered, anonymous surveys. We examined the prevalance and the factors associated with second-hand alcohol harms this population using multivariable regression analysis.

Results

Approximately 2/3 of the university residents experienced at least one second-hand drinking harm in the past year while 1/5 experienced 4 or more harms. The harms reported were: 1) inconveniences/disturbances (46.2%), psychological distress/anxiety/depression (32.9%), home arguments (28.3%), conflicts/arguments/insults in public (25.3%), worsened productivity/academics (22.2%), property damage/monetary loss (13.2%), accidents/injury/assault (11.7%) and having to deal with authorities/law enforcement (11.5%). Only 9.1% reported these harms to authorities. Participation in drinking games (OR = 1.44), having drinking roomates (OR = 1.37) or drinking romantic partner (OR = 1.89) were independently associated with likelihood of second-hand alcohol harms (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Although southern China is a low alcohol consumption region, there is a high prevalence of second-hand alcohol harms among university dorm residents. Universities in the region should rectify the near absence of alcohol-related topics in university health promotion.

Key messages

Harms from the drinking of others is a commonplace but underappreciated phenomenon among university campus residents. University health promotion in the region should include alcohol harms reduction topics.
Transforming waiting pauses into opportunity for physical activity: the “Activate your Wait” project
Authors: Bizzarro A , Rossi D , Faetani L , Ghizzoni D , Martini R , Martini R , Veronesi L , Costantino C , Pasquarella C
Published: October 2020

Physical activity is recognised as a major health determinant, with positive effects on health, environmental sustainability and economy. However, worldwide, 1 in 4 adults, and 3 in 4 adolescents do not currently meet the recommendations for physical activity set by the World Health Organization. Notably, the prevalence of inactivity varies considerably within and between countries, and can be as high as 80% in some adult subpopulations. From the urgent need to implement strategies to fight sedentary behaviour, and considering that physical activity is defined as any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that require energy expenditure, the project “Activate your Wait” was born. The project aim is to transform the waiting pauses during everyday life into opportunities to perform simple stretching and active mobilization exercises. The pilot study was carried out in September 2019 at the Terme S. Egidio, Suio Terme Castelforte (Italy). It was divided in three phases: in the pre-intervention phase a questionnaire evaluated the interest in the project (96 responders); during the intervention phase, lasting three days, examples of simple exercises that people can do by themselves were illustrated and undertaken by about 120 participants; in the post-intervention an evaluation questionnaire was administered (71 responders). The intervention aroused great participation and high approval (97%), and resulted in an increase both in willingness to perform exercises during daily waiting breaks (68% vs 94%) and belief in positive results of physical activity on health (74% vs 96%). In a context where the opportunities for physical activity are decreasing and a sedentary lifestyle has reached a high level, this project represents a contribution to the increase in the awareness of the importance of physical activity and the promotion of the culture of movement in the entire population, with an opportunity of easy accessibility in different contexts of life, at all ages.

Key messages

Physical activity is a major determinant of health, therefore it is fundamental to take all possible opportunities to be active. Waiting pauses are the perfect chance to exercise.
Knowledge, attitudes and binge drinking among urban Chinese university students in Hong Kong
Authors: Kim J , Yu J Z , Chan R H W , Leung K L , Sumerlin T S , Fong B , Siu S , Lee J J , Chung R Y
Published: October 2020

Background

Although dormitory residents have been identified as a high-risk group for alcohol misuse in Chinese university settings, the factors associated with their drinking behaviors has not be characterized.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted among hostel residents in two Hong Kong universities (n = 1455) using self-administered, anonymous surveys. In addition to examining the knowledge levels and drinking-related attitudes, we examined the factors associated with binge drinking in this population using multivariable regression analysis.

Results

Among university dormitory residents, the prevalence of past-month binge drinking was 26.8% among males and 12.8% among females. It was noted that although respondents demonstrated attitudes conducive towards alcohol-free socialization, they exhibited low levels of alcohol-related knowledge (mean knowledge score: 3.3/ 10, SD = 2.0). While about 59% were aware that alcohol is a carcinogen and that some medications should not be taken with alcohol, only 10.4% were familiar with symptoms of alcohol poisoning and only 23% were familiar with relative amounts of alcohol in different beverage categories. Of the respondents the factors independently associated with past-month binge drinking were: male sex, older age, full-time hostel residence, drinking roommates, drinking romantic partner, participation in drinking games, and having pro-alcohol attitudes (OR ranging from 1.33-3.69). Alcohol-related knowledge was not associated with binge drinking.

Conclusions

Although southern China is a low alcohol consumption area, binge drinking is common among university residents and requires multi-prong interventions. Heavy drinking is a neglected health problem among urban Chinese university students. Interventions targeting binge drinkers need to counteract pro-alcohol attitudes and peer effects. Increasing alcohol knowledge may additionally help to reduce alcohol-related harms in this age group.

Key messages

Urban Chinese university dormitory residents demonstrate low levels of alcohol knowledge. Pro-alcohol attitudes and peers effects need to be addressed in university anti-binge drinking interventions.
Impact of health promotion in Lithuanian pupils smoking, alcohol and drug use
Authors: Maceinaitė R , Šurkienė G , Sketerskienė R
Published: October 2020

Background

Health Promotion Schools (HPS) are engaged in targeted pupil's health promotion activities in accordance with the approved programs. Health promotion topics are integrated not only into subject lessons but also into extracurricular activities. HPS is believed to provide ideal conditions for the prevention of harmful habits, but there is a lack of research into the effectiveness of these schools. This determined the aim of the research - to evaluate the influence of HPS learning on smoking, alcohol and drug use among Lithuanian adolescents.

Methods

During the prevalence research 3574 ninth and tenth grade pupils from 44 HPS were surveyed, as well as 66 schools outside the HPS network (response rate 74.7%). The contribution of individual characteristics (class, sex, place of residence, grade point average, mother's and father's education) and school characteristics (school affiliation, school type, school location) were analysed using logistic regression models with 95% of CI.

Results

18.1% of pupils smoke regularly. Learning at HPS did not reduce the odds of smoking (OR = 1.08 (95% CI: 0.88; 1.31)), but pupils smoking was significantly associated with gender, class, school type, grade point average and school location. The majority of pupils (74.4%) have tasted alcoholic beverages. HPS pupils had significantly lower odds of tasting alcoholic beverages (OR = 0.77 (95% CI: 0.51;0.98)). Alcoholic tasting was also significantly linked to class and father's education. 9.3% of pupils tried to use drugs. Pupils from schools outside the HPS network had a 1.38 (95% CI: 1.05;1.80) odds of using drugs. Drug use was significantly associated with gender, class, place of residence, type of school, and grade point average.

Conclusions

HPS learning significantly reduces pupils alcohol tasting and drug use but is not significantly associated with lower smoking. Individual and school characteristics have a significant impact on pupils smoking, alcohol, and drug use.

Key messages

HPS pupils have a lower chance of tasting alcohol and drug abuse, so it is important to encourage schools to join the HPS network to reduce the incidence of harmful habits. It is important to consider individual and school characteristics that have a significant impact on pupils smoking, alcohol and drug use when designing prevention measures.
Relationship of the phase angle with the maximum and explosive force in soccer players from Bogotá
Authors: Castro Jimenez L , Sanchez Rojas I , Argüello Gutierrez Y , Galvez Pardo A , Melo Buitrago P
Published: October 2020

The phase angle (AF) obtained by electrical bioimpedance (BIE) analyzes the muscle composition by establishing the amount of water and electrolytes as indicators of cell size, number, and integrity, as essential body composition axes to determine training objectives and states of Health.

Objective

To determine the relationship between AF and maximum force (FM) and explosive (FME) in soccer players from Bogotá-Colombia.

Methods

Cross-sectional study of correlational scope. 86 players were selected (age: 18.67 ± 2.9 years; height: 1.73 ± 0.070 m; weight: 66.58 ± 9.94 kg) team members: Fortaleza, Tigres, Juventus, and Dinhos. The following were evaluated: body composition using InBody® 770; FM using T-Force® and FME (SJ) with optogait®.

Results

AF 6,46 ±0,58, FM in squats 614,4N ±262,28, maximum squat power 326,34W ±182,16 and maximum jump power SJ 649,7W ±117. There was a statistically significant relationship between musculoskeletal mass (0.598 p = 0.000),% body fat mass (-0.458 p = 0.000), peak FM (0.639 p = 0.000), maximum peak power (0.569 p = 0.000), maximum jump power (-0.636 p = 0.000) and AF. AF is associated with variables of body composition and muscle strength, making it an instrument that could help predict physiological behavior in soccer players and the general population. It shows correlations and markers applicable to sports and clinical diagnosis that will allow generating health promotion programs.

Key messages

The AF is constituted as an easily accessible marker for nutritional health and functional profile in athletes. AF is associated with variables of body composition and muscle strength, making it an instrument that could help predict physiological behavior in soccer players and the general population.
Physical activity prescription from primary care: impact on self steem and quality of life
Authors: Peiró-Pérez R , Martín Doménech A , Esplugues Cebrián A , Castán Cameo S , Rabanaque G , Raga R , Revert D , Legaz Sanchez E , Pérez Sanz E
Published: October 2020

Objective

To evaluate the benefit in terms of self-esteem, quality of life (QoL) and health perception, in a physical activity (FA) prescription intervention from Primary Care, after three months.

Methods

Quasi-experimental study before (T0) -after (T1) without a control group, for the evaluation of the pilot phase of the CAS program, implemented (December 2017-May 2018) in 5 primary health centers in Valencia. The questionnaire (T0) was completed with social information, self-esteem (Rosemberg), and QoL (Euroqol-5D, including health perception (HP)). The FA was prescribed with specific hours and days and the participation was monitorized. Three months after starting the FA, the participants completed the same cuestionaire (T1). An descriptive analysis was made, by intention to treat, T0 n = 82 and T1 n = 78, and the scales were compared before and after, using the Wilcoxon Test for related samples.

Results

The FA prescription was offered to 185 people, acceptance n = 82 (44.3%) and there were 14 dropouts, adherence (83%). The sample at T0 n = 82, people who completed the 3 months, n = 68, and n = 10 people who droppout but answered the questionnaire, (4 not be located them), total analysis T1 n = 78. There were a significant improvement in the QoL (26,5% p ≤ 0.002), the HP (16% p ≤ 0.000) and self-esteem (4,7%p ≤ 0.000) in women when comparing the median of the referred score before and after the intervention. Qol improved more in the low educational level (26.55% p < 0.001), while the perception of health (16% p < 0.000), and self-esteem (9.3% p < 0.038) improved more in the high educational level.

Discussion

The prescription of FA has an important benefit in improving health with only 3 months of prescription. It also has a greater positive benefit in women and in the population of low educational level, who are those who perform less FA. This study helps build evidence of the positive impact on the health of the social prescription from primary care.

Key messages

After 3 months of the physical activity prescription the QoL and self-steem improved mainly in women and low educated people. The acceptance to participate was 50% but the adherence was more than 80%.
Empowering Tunisians Youth to seasonal influenza: Auto medication versus empathy
Authors: Maaoui F , Moumni I
Published: October 2020

Background and aim

In Tunisia, self-medication against seasonal influenza is a public health problem that mainly affects low- and middle-income social categories. For implementation of an educational intervention, this study will assess young Tunisians' literacy towards Seasonal Influenza. Health education, socio-demographic (gender and intersectionality) and media variables will be explored.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional study, which included Tunisian students from different educational levels and residents in different regions of the country.

Results

The results show that the risk perception and level literacy depend on gender, geographical proximity, media coverage and didactic choices. The fears of male students in preparatory or secondary school focus significantly more than for female school students around seasonal Influenza, respectively (21.5% vs. 10%, p < 0.05) and (25.7% vs 7.4%, p < 0.05). Among the behaviors purposed to students, to protect themselves from infectious diseases, the consumption of antibiotics! ranks second before personal hygiene (hand washing), vaccination and avoidance measures. In general, 'avoid public places' and 'avoid taking public transport' are behaviors that seem little or not adopted in case of influenza whatever the school level or the study specialty of youths. Questions were asked, moreover, on 'the acceptability of the mask wearing in family and in the public space'. Only 14% preparatory school students and 11% of secondary school students would 'totally' agree to wear it at home and away from home.

Conclusions

Considering the literacy level of young Tunisians towards the seasonal influenza, pandemic and MDR risks remains high. Innovative educational interventions, which combining epidemiological and ecological knowledge (social, economic, scientific, epidemiological and individual contexts), would be better adapted to new and emerging health issues and could reduce social inequalities in health.

Key messages

Social qualification in the face of infectious diseases. Development of capacities to perceive and manage seasonal Influenza.
“VešKajPiješ?” (You know what you drink?) - mobile app for reducing alcohol related harm in Slovenia
Authors: Rados Krnel S , Kusar A , Pravst I , Blazica B
Published: October 2020

Regulation (EU) No. 1169/2011 on the provision of food information to consumers, provides that the labelling of ingredients and nutritional declaration is not mandatory for alcoholic beverages with more than 1.2% alcohol by volume. Consequently, consumers generally do not have access to similar information on alcoholic beverages as they do for food and non-alcoholic beverages.

In Slovenia, drinking alcohol is a serious public health problem, both among adolescents and adults. Per capita consumption of pure alcohol in Slovenia is above the EU average. In order to achieve better results and reduce alcohol related harm, we need a comprehensive alcohol policy that incorporates proven effective measures in different areas of action.

In 2019, in the frame of Slovenian programme “VesKajJes” (Know what you eat) supported by MoH, a mobile application was developed that enables consumers to scan EAN code for gaining the nutrition profile of selected food item. An analysis of the behaviour of mobile app users revealed that alcoholic beverages are one of the most frequently sought products; of all searches, as many as 36% of users wanted to get information about alcohol beverages. This was a major reason for upgrading the mobile application with information about alcoholic beverages. Additionally this newly developed communication channel will be used for raising awareness about alcohol-related harm.

Mobile application “VešKajPiješ?” (You know what you drink?) will be developed within which we will: (1) collect information on at least 1,500 alcoholic beverages; (2) develop the protocol for a reliable assessment of the energy values depending of the type of alcoholic beverages; (3) prepare short health messages to raise awareness about the effects of hazardous and harmful alcohol use; (4) develop an application upgrade to show the alcohol content, energy value of alcoholic beverages, health messages and a link to a screening tool for assessing the alcohol consumption (AUDIT).

Key messages

There is a growing support for mandatory labelling of alcohol-containing beverages including health warnings. The program presents a solution consisting of a mobile app for consumers seeking information.
Workplace nutrition habits in Slovenian small and middle sized enterprises
Authors: Percic S , Stubelj M
Published: October 2020

Background

Premature death, chronic diseases, productivity loss and other social and economic concerns can be influenced by healthy lifestyle workplace promotion programs, including healthy nutrition habits. In Slovenia a project called >>STAR-VITAL-healthy ageing at workplace << has been going on since September 2017.

Methods

The survey results are based on an analysis of 805 respondents from 20 different small and middle sized enterprises in Slovenia. The survey was carried out via both a paper questionnaire and an online survey during the period from June 2019 to February 2020. The screening questionnaire was completed before interventions. We estimated the average score for the eight questions concerning nutritional habits.

Results

Nutritional habits are the following: 62% respondents eat three or more meals a day, 64% respondents eat vegetables each day, 59,8% respondents eat fruits each day, 31,9% respondents eat fish or see fruits at least once a week, 45,7% respondents eat whole wheats at least once a week, 54,1% respondents eat red meat not more than twice a week, 62,1% respondents eat fried food not more than three times a month and 79,1% respondents drink sweet drinks less than three times a week. The results on question >>What is the most common form of meal you eat while at work? << are the following: purchase meal at restaurant 45,3%, bring from home 32,7%, delivery/carry out 6,2%, do not eat 5,2%, other 4,7%, employer cafeteria 3,9% and vending machine 1,2%.

Conclusions

The results of our survey show that a significant percentage of the workers in Slovenia still has unhealthy nutritional habits. Assessment of nutritional habits before workplace promotion program interventions allow us to compare which combinations of interventions are the most effective. The results will indicate the strength and weakness of each intervention and how it could be improved.

Key messages

The population is growing old and chronic diseases increases, which is part of the bad nutritional habits. Healthy lifestile promotion is needed to improve quality of life. The workplace health promoting programs have been shown to be an efficient way of improving workerś health. Implementing promotional program of nutritional habits are proper for Slvenian enterprises.
Self-perception in health and quality of life: association with social determinants
Authors: Aguiar Lemos S M , Vasconcellos L J , Tavares R , Escarce A G , Melo E M
Published: October 2020

Objective

To investigate self-perceived health, quality of life and its association with social determinants in adults and the elderly.

Methods

Observational analytical cross-sectional study, with a probabilistic sample of 1,129 participants, adults and seniors, stratified by conglomerates, living in a municipality in Minas Gerais, Brazil. The response variables were the questions: 'How do you evaluate your health in the last two months?' and 'How do you evaluate your quality of life in the last two months?'. The explanatory variables were sociodemographic and technical-assistance data. For data analysis, a descriptive analysis of categorical and continuous variables and an association analysis (Chi-Square Pearson test) were performed, statistically significant those with a value of p0.05.

Results

The majority were female, classified the quality of life as good and presented positive self-perception of health. Most were aged between 30 and 39 years old, attended high school, were married, had formal work and family income of up to one minimum wage. The association between self-perceived health and quality of life with social determinants revealed that the interviewees who tended to present positive self-perception of health were female, had up to 39 years of age, studied until high school, received up to five minimum wages and had had between one and two medical consultations in the last 12 months. Regarding quality of life, the interviewees who reported there were good were female, between 30 and 39 years old, with high school, were married, had formal work, received up to two minimum wages and had between one and two medical consultations at last year. The univariate analysis revealed that respondents who said their health was positive also rated the quality of life as good.

Conclusions

In the sample studied, it was observed that positive self-perception of health is associated with good quality of life.

Key messages

Health public. Quality of life.
Youth leadership in peer-to-peer community sport: comparing programme rationales and peer delivery
Authors: Christensen J H , Nielsen G , Klinker C D , Heinze C , Kurtzhals M L , Elsborg P , Bentsen P
Published: October 2020

Background

Peer-to-peer approaches are widely used in health promotion. Peer leaders are suggested to increase credibility and identification through role modelling. We suggest that to meet the rationales of peer education, peer leaders should be able to interpret and rework their delivery, based on programme rationales. This entails a need for implementation studies to compare programme theory with the realities of implementation. The purpose of this study was therefore to conceptualise a youth-led programme and to explore how peer leaders engage with the peer leader education and subsequently implement activities.

Methods

The case of study was the Danish street sport organisation, GAME. GAME educates and supports youth peer leaders (age 16-25) in providing life skills-based community sports activities for younger peers (age 8-15) in less advantaged neighbourhoods. A theory of change was developed in partnership with professionals from GAME to conceptualise their programme and its rationales. To study implementation, we observed three two-day peer leader education camps and 49 peer-led GAME activities focusing on specific elements of the theory of change.

Results

We present a theory of change to illustrate the content, rationale, expected outcomes and key assumptions of a peer-led community sport programme. We compare this conceptualisation to the implementation of peer-led activities; i.e., GAME's operationalisation of the peer leader education and peer leaders' enactment of the programme in practice, focusing on role modelling, pedagogical approaches and interactions with participating children. As expected, implementation style varied considerably across settings and thereby the ways in which delivery corresponded with the intentions described in the theory of change.

Conclusions

The study provided insight into how youth peer leaders in community sport interpret their role and interact with peers of relevance to peer leadership research and practice.

Key messages

The rationales behind peer education call for programmes that allow youth peer leaders to interpret and adjust activity implementation with an ensuing need for implementation studies. Initiatives to educate and support peer leaders should be modified based on insights into peer leaders’ interpretation and implementation of peer-led activities.
Designing and implementing an interventional health-promotion program to prevent falls in elderly
Authors: Sakaretsanou A K , Bakola M , Kitsou K S , Bizirgianni V , Jelastopulu E
Published: October 2020

Background

A fall is defined as the unexpected event in which the participant is accidentally lying on the ground, on the floor, or at a lower level. It is often the reason why the elderly are admitted to hospitals or other care facilities, such as nursing homes. Health promotion programs are playing an essential role in raising awareness about how to prevent falls among older adults who are living away from their homes. Our aim was to inform and raise awareness about falls in this population group in an Elderly Care Unit in Patras, through a six month health promotion action program.

Methods

The program was implemented September 2018 to February 2019. The intervention group consisted of 16 seniors. Twelve meetings were held, which included hands-on exercises, discussions, collaboration with a social worker and physiotherapist, and leaflet sharing.

Results

A total of 16 seniors (10 women and 6 men), over 60 years old participated in the program. Twelve meetings were held, which included hands-on exercises, discussions, leaflet sharing and collaboration with a social worker and a physiotherapist. During each meeting every participant was excited and joyful with the knowledge and material provided. At the final evaluation, the majority remembered that they should look after in order not to fall, but they couldn't remember the simple, everyday exercises which were shown during the meetings and would improve their quality of life.

Conclusions

Having in mind that there are seniors who are unable to remember discussions and advices given on a regular basis, a risk assessment should be done by health professionals in order to establish fall risk reduction policies and correct the endogenous and environmental factors that cause the falls.

Key message

Assistance in reducing fall risk through assessments, analyses, and provision of recommendations regarding home environments is of great importance.