bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Management of Accounting in Strategic Decision-Making for Enterprises
Authors: Volodymyr Malikov
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Current business practice convincingly demonstrates the significant impact of accounting and controlling activities on management processes. The overall increase in financial instability complicates the dynamics of micro- and macroeconomic processes at the national and global levels, leading to new financial risks and challenges.
Objectives: This research is dedicated to substantiating the role of accounting in the strategic management of an enterprise in modern economic conditions.
Methods: The work's methodological and theoretical foundation was formed considering the priority principles of implementing systematic research based on a comprehensive approach, analysis and synthesis, the comparison method, deduction and induction, abstract-logical and dialectical methods of scientific cognition and the formalisation method.
Results: The article identifies the current context of the essence of accounting in terms of management decision-making. The relevant functions of accounting are systematised. The role of accounting in ensuring the reliability of strategic management decisions in crises and instability is considered. Potential risks of improper implementation of audit of financial statements or neglecting the need for its conduct are highlighted. It is established that the primary negative consequences of such phenomena are practically reflected in investment planning and financial stability. In an unstable economic environment, practical accounting is a prerequisite for improving the quality of financial reporting and optimising the strategic management paradigm. The leading role of accounting in ensuring the completeness, reliability, and dependability of financial reporting, which prevents potential operational risks or erroneous management decisions, is substantiated.
Conclusions: The practical significance of the research results lies in the feasibility of their application to improve the effectiveness of the financial activities of enterprises by increasing the level of reliability of reporting, analysing the reasons for its discrepancy with reality, as well as controlling financial performance, which synergistically serves as the basis for making effective strategic management decisions.
Innovative Instructional Models: Leveraging Independent Study in Online Information Ecosystems
Authors: Dameria Sinaga
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Digital transformation in higher education has opened new opportunities to design and deliver instructional content through online information ecosystems. However, effectively fostering autonomous and deep learning in these virtual environments remains challenging, with many courses failing to leverage self-directed study strategies to their fullest potential.
Objectives: This study explores the efficacy of independent study strategies within online information ecosystems to address the growing demand for flexible, learner-centered instruction.
Methods: Building on self-regulated learning and digital pedagogy theories, we employed a mixed-methods research design involving two cohorts of undergraduate students enrolled in fully online courses. Quantitative data gathered through standardized surveys captured learner autonomy, motivation, and achievement shifts over 12 weeks. Qualitative insights were gleaned from focus group discussions and reflective journals, revealing increased self-efficacy, goal-setting, and metacognitive awareness patterns.
Results indicate that leveraging targeted instructional models emphasizing self-directed modules, interactive digital tools, and ongoing formative feedback fosters enhanced learner independence and engagement. In addition, students reported improved digital literacy skills and a heightened sense of ownership over their learning process.
Conclusions: These findings contribute to the theoretical discourse on the significance of autonomy-supportive pedagogical frameworks in online settings and offer practical implications for instructional designers, educators, and policymakers looking to implement or refine technology-driven curricula. While the study underscores the potential of innovative instructional models to promote independent learning, it also acknowledges constraints related to sample size and institutional context. Future research should explore longitudinal impacts, cross-institutional comparisons, and variations in learner demographics to deepen understanding and strengthen the evidence base for self-directed learning in digital information ecosystems.
Creating a Virtual Community in the Course 'Implementations of STEM in Business for SDGs': A Case Study on Sharing Engineering and Technology Concepts
Authors: Naret Suyaroj
Published: February 2025

The United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aim to foster global sustainability, with engineering and digital technologies playing a crucial role in achieving these objectives. The course "Implementations of STEM in Business for SDGs" integrates Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) knowledge, focusing on how engineering principles can be applied to develop business concepts that support the SDGs. This study evaluates the use of a Metaverse-based virtual environment, where 139 undergraduate students across five semesters, from 2022 to 2024, presented and discussed their projects in a virtual exhibition. Analysis of the students' projects showed that SDG9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure) was the most selected goal at 16.23%, followed by SDG11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), SDG13 (Climate Action), and SDG7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) at 13.91%, 13.62%, and 13.33%, respectively. Many students selected multiple SDGs for their projects, offering valuable insights into their business development trends. From the evaluation of the 35 current students who tested the Metaverse platform, the average satisfaction rate was 81.5%. These findings suggest that the Metaverse can be an effective tool for enhancing online learning environments and promoting interaction and knowledge exchange between students and instructors.
An Analytical Approach for Enhanced Video Stabilization Using a Bio-Inspired Neural Network
Authors: S. Afsal, J. Arul Linsely
Published: February 2025

The number of videos and photos shot over the past decade has dramatically increased owing to the rapid developments of hand-held digital cameras. However, viewers often see their videos difficult to watch, particularly because of severe camera shake and abrupt movements. As a result, this paper proposes a significant algorithm which results in creation of high-quality video stabilisation, thereby eliminating distracting jitters from amateur recordings and make them appear as though they were shot along smooth, purposeful camera tracks. Modern video stabilization algorithms typically possess an architecture that enables them to realize several benefits: detecting motion in video, constructing a motion model, refining the motion, and ultimately generating stabilized output frames. The video stabilisation includes a feature extraction mechanism in which Genetic Algorithm (GA) is employed due to its characteristics like invariant to scale, rotation, translations, illumination, and blur. In this paper, Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) tuned Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) technique is suggested for performing accurate estimation of inliers and outliers. The interframe motion is then estimated by fitting a set of matched point pairs into a linear transform model. Experimental analysis states that proposed system outperforms better than other state-of-art models under various measures (Rotation:94.2, Blue:95.1, Wrap:96.3 and Time cost:97.5).
Building Community Ties: The Community Media's Contribution to Adivasi Social Cohesion
Authors: Gokula Krishnan B, Bhargavi D Hemmige
Published: February 2025

This study examines the role of community media in promoting social cohesion and empowerment among Adivasi communities in India. Utilizing a descriptive qualitative approach rooted in perception phenomenology, the research incorporates Social Identity Theory and Empowerment Theory to explore how community media enhances cultural identity, agency, and socioeconomic development within these communities. Through in-depth interviews and participant observations, the study captures insights into the experiences of Adivasi individuals related to education, economic growth, and women's empowerment, all facilitated by community radio, television, and digital platforms. The findings indicate that community media plays a vital role in preserving Adivasi culture and identity, expanding educational access, and fostering socioeconomic progress, particularly for women. Community radio has proven to be an essential tool for sharing legal, health, and agricultural information, while local television and digital media platforms have empowered Adivasi individuals to engage in advocacy and civic participation. This study emphasizes the crucial role of community media in helping Adivasi communities safeguard their cultural heritage, enhance their well-being, and actively engage in socio-political issues, highlighting its potential as a means for social justice and community resilience.
Developing Improved Melanoma Detection Strategies Using Hybrid CNN and Autoencoder Models and Detailed Data Analysis
Authors: Vinay S. Nalawade
Published: February 2025

Melanoma is a very dangerous type of skin cancer that needs new ways to be found so that it can be treated quickly. The goal of this study is to create better ways to find melanoma by combining mixed Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Autoencoder models with in-depth data analysis. This will make melanoma identification more accurate and reliable. The chosen method takes advantage of deep learning techniques that are designed to work well with image-based classification tasks. This study used a dataset from the Skin Cancer MNIST: HAM10000 for this work. It has dermatoscopic pictures that need to be carefully preprocessed. To make the models work, this meant shrinking, normalising pixel values, one-hot encoding, and rearranging the pictures. Data enrichment methods like rotations, shifts, and flips were used to make the model even better by training it against a wider range of data representations. In the methods part, we describe how we set up our hybrid model, which blends the feature extraction skills of CNNs with the dimensionality reduction skills of Autoencoders. With settings like an epoch count of 25 and a batch size of 128, this setup went through a lot of training using the Adam optimiser and Categorical Cross Entropy as the loss function. Our results show that the mixed model works, as it achieved a trial accuracy of 73.19% with a loss of 1.079. There are more details in the classification report and confusion matrices that show how well the model works with different types of skin lesions. For example, it is much better at finding arterial lesions, with a precision of 66% and a recall of 100%. Comparing the mixed model to normal CNN models shows that it is more accurate and precise; this proves that it is better at diagnosing problems. This study shows that mixing CNNs and Autoencoders could be useful for making accurate screening tools for cancer. This could lead to future improvements in medical imaging technology.
Machine Learning-Enhanced Hybrid Source Location Privacy Protocol for Improved Security and Network Longevity in IoT Networks
Authors: Neha Gharat
Published: February 2025

Efficient routing in IoT networks is critical for optimizing data transmission while addressing the inherent challenges of energy consumption, scalability, and resilience. Common routing techniques, such as flooding, tree-based, cluster-based, and geographic routing, each present unique advantages and limitations regarding energy efficiency, network congestion, and fault tolerance. In parallel, source location privacy protection (SLPP) has emerged as a pivotal concern in IoT applications like surveillance and environmental monitoring, where adversaries may exploit transmission patterns to identify sensitive source nodes. Despite advancements, current issues in SLP in IoT networks include balancing privacy with energy efficiency, ensuring scalability in dense network environments, and providing resilience against increasingly sophisticated adversarial models. Traditional SLP techniques, including phantom routing, random walks, and dummy packet generation, often impose trade-offs between privacy, energy consumption, and network longevity, limiting their practical application in large-scale IoT networks. Additionally, many existing protocols struggle with adapting to dynamic network topologies and fail to adequately address the challenges posed by hotspot formation, which can lead to uneven energy depletion and compromised privacy. Many SLP methods disrupt the Quality of Service (QoS) by introducing delays or reducing throughput, which can hinder the primary functions of IoT applications, particularly in time-sensitive scenarios. A new Hybrid Source Location Privacy (SLP) protocol that effectively integrates random walks, rumor routing, and Greedy Random Walks to obscure source node locations while optimizing energy consumption is implemented to overcome these limitations. The protocol employs a multi-layer grid framework, dynamic cluster head rotations, and phantom nodes to balance energy usage and reduce network hotspots. The new Hybrid SLP confuses adversaries by combining fake packet generation with adaptive routing strategies, enhancing privacy without compromising network performance. Simulations demonstrate that the Hybrid SLP protocol significantly outperforms existing techniques, achieving lower energy consumption, extended network lifetime, and robust privacy protections, making it ideal for privacy-sensitive IoT applications. The proposed Hybrid SLP protocol integrates a machine learning-based anomaly detection system to enhance its performance and security, highlighting the novelty of the proposed work. This novel combination of advanced routing strategies and machine learning strengthens network resilience against various threats.
Performance Evaluation of Post-Quantum Cryptography: A Comprehensive Framework for Experimental Analysis
Authors: Prajakta Pote
Published: February 2025

Post-quantum cryptography (PQC) is a critical area of research aimed at addressing the threat quantum computing poses to traditional cryptographic systems. It focuses on evaluating the efficiency, security, and practical performance of PQC algorithms through experimental analysis. This research supports the development of optimized cryptographic solutions, contributes to standardization efforts, and ensures secure and efficient implementations for a wide range of applications. Despite progress in PQC, gaps still exist in practical performance evaluations, particularly in resource-constrained environments. There is a lack of standardized comparisons, hindering the selection of suitable algorithms for specific use cases like IoT and cloud systems. Furthermore, research on scalability, integration challenges, and the trade-offs between security and efficiency remains insufficient. The methodology involves creating a comprehensive framework to evaluate various PQC algorithms, including lattice-based (e.g., Kyber, Dilithium), code-based (e.g., McEliece), and hash-based (e.g., SPHINCS+). These algorithms will be tested in diverse environments, from resource-constrained devices to high-performance infrastructures such as cloud platforms. Key metrics such as encryption/decryption speed, key sizes, memory usage, and computational efficiency will be measured, focusing on the trade-offs between security, efficiency, and scalability. The results will be benchmarked against standardized metrics to provide a clear understanding of each algorithm's suitability for real-world deployment. The findings indicate that lattice-based algorithms like Kyber offer a strong balance between security and efficiency but require considerable computational resources. Code-based algorithms like McEliece are highly secure but come with large key sizes and slower speeds. Hash-based schemes like SPHINCS+ provide strong security but are computationally expensive, making them less suitable for resource-limited systems. The highlights the importance of optimizing PQC algorithms according to specific application requirements, where the choice of algorithm must balance security, efficiency, and resource constraints, with continuous optimization needed to address evolving real-world demands.
Analysis of the Dynamic Conditional Correlation among Financial Assets and the Value at Risk of the Portfolio, Featuring Gold USD and Cryptocurrency
Authors: Shikha
Published: February 2025

This paper examines the risk-return attributes, interrelations, and diversification capabilities of Gold and prominent cryptocurrencies—Bitcoin, Ethereum, and XRP—utilizing sophisticated econometric models, such as Dynamic Conditional Correlation (DCC-GARCH) and Value at Risk (VaR) techniques. The research indicates that gold demonstrates low volatility and functions as a reliable hedge against the high-risk, high-reward characteristics of cryptocurrencies, especially Ethereum. The weak correlations across cryptocurrencies indicate little co-movement, emphasizing their distinct risk profiles and diversification potential within the digital asset market. The results underscore the significance of adaptive risk management systems, since correlations and volatilities fluctuate under severe market situations. The findings provide essential insights for investors and regulators, providing direction for the creation of resilient portfolios that harmonize stability and growth across both conventional and digital assets.
Leveraging Signature Patterns and Machine Learning for Detecting HTTP Header Manipulation Attacks
Authors: Arti Deshpande
Published: February 2025

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) injection is a security vulnerability in which attackers manipulate HTTP Headers for malicious intent which facilitate various types of attacks like Downgrade-attack, Session fixation, Session hijacking, Cross-site scripting (XSS), Script injection, Referer forgery, Host header injection and Cache poisoning. These HTTP header manipulations can also be used for phishing and malware attacks. This study proposes leveraging signature attack patterns enhanced with Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) for detection of malicious header. HTTP request headers will be intercepted using Mitmproxy, and known attacks such as Downgrade attacks, Session fixation, Session hijacking, Token manipulation, Script injection will be detected based on their unique signatures. Malicious Internet Protocol (IP) addresses in the headers are detected using a blacklist sourced from the IPsum GitHub repository. Additionally, the malicious classifier model utilizes a hybrid approach for feature extraction based on Natural Language Processing (NLP) and traditional methods followed by generation of adversarial samples using Generative Adversarial Network (GAN). Multiple supervised ML and DL models are employed to classify URLs as phishing, malware, or benign and detect the specific attack type such as Referer forgery, Host header injection and other malware-related activities. The dataset is sourced from trusted repositories like Phishing URL dataset by Mendeley, Malicious URLs dataset from Kaggle and IPSum GitHub repository to construct a curated dataset. Adversarial samples generated using GAN are augmented in the dataset used for training the model to make it resistant to adversarial attack. The detection of Malicious HTTP headers using the proposed model is evaluated using performance metrics.
Epidemiology of obesity in women: from multifactorial analysis to personalized prevention strategies
Authors: Umarova Z. A.
Published: February 2025

This article focuses on obesity in women, which is a global medical problem. Obesity is the result of a complex interaction of epidemiological, socio-economic, geographical, hormonal, genetic, metabolic, psycho-emotional-behavioural and environmental factors. Numerous etiopathogenetic factors are involved in the pathogenesis of adiposopathies, such as polygenic inheritance, physical inactivity, dysmetabolic nutritional behaviour, nicotine addiction and various forms of nutritional dysregulation. Recently, the correlation between obesity and dysbiotic changes in the oral and intestinal microbiota has been actively studied, highlighting the multicomponent and systemic nature of this pathology. Despite the introduction of therapeutic and preventive programmes aimed at reducing the prevalence of adiposopathy, there is a steady trend towards an increase in the number of obese people in the Republic of Tajikistan.
THEME PARKS AS A BASIS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF CREATIVE TOURISM IN THE REGIONS
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Institute of Film and Television, Lavrov Viktor V.
Published: February 2025

The article considers the features of creative tourism as a modern direction of activation of activities in the field of
domestic tourism development. Special attention is paid to the study of the role of theme parks in the formation of new
destinations and tourist attraction centers, especially when using creative industries and modern technologies. Examples of
well-known theme parks and creative spaces are given both in some cities of the world and in different regions of the Russian
Federation. Using the example of the Volga Federal District of the Russian Federation, the economic indicators of the
development of theme parks and their role in the development of domestic tourism are presented.
TENDANCE PLUVIOMETRIQUE ET CRISE AGRICOLE
Authors: AZAIZ Naima , ANSAR Allaoua
Published: February 2025

Le Sahel Central Tunisien, réputé autrefois par sa vocation agricole, se trouve depuis les années soixante-dix concurrencé par d’autres activités, notamment l’industrie à Teboulba et le tourisme à Bekalta. Cette métamorphose a coïncidé avec l’avènement des changements climatiques qui se sont traduit essentiellement par une baisse des pluies et une hausse des températures, d’où les influences néfastes sur le bioclimat de cette contrée. En effet, la sécheresse est devenue plus importante que son opposée tant sur le plan quantitatif que qualitatif. Le déficit hydrique a prévalu avec un dysfonctionnement de l’hydrosystème occidental en amont de la sebkha de Moknine d’où une crise agricole de plus en plus manifeste et croissante.
L’explication de cette situation est très complexe. Elle est tributaire de plusieurs facteurs, qui sont à la fois endogènes et exogènes. Leur étude dans leur totalité ne sied point avec la conjoncture, ni avec la problématique de cet événement scientifique. De ce fait, nous nous sommes limités à saisir les caractéristiques pluviométriques, notamment, leur tendance, afin de montrer leur part dans cette crise agricole. Cette région, où la tendance des pluies est à la baisse, a connu, en quatre années soit entre 2019 et 2023, une réduction des terres agricoles de l’ordre de 45 % et une augmentation de leur salinité, d’où une diminution de la production agricole.
Le traitement des données pluviométriques de la période 1953-2018, l’analyse géospatiale des images Sentinel 2 (précision10 m), la modélisation et l’illustration graphique sont les moyens utilisés pour expliquer cette problématique qui peut, à long terme, nuire au développement de cette région jadis prospère.
LE TRAMWAY ET LA REQUALIFICATION URBAINE DES VOIES RAPIDES : LE CAS DES ROCADES A ANNABA
Authors: Meriem RADOUANE
Published: February 2025

L’essor des voies rapides a suivi la très forte demande des déplacements individuels et s’est fait dans une logique d’adaptation de la ville à l’automobile, sauf que le développement de ce modèle de voies s’est fait souvent sans mesurer les conséquences sur les milieux urbains. Aujourd’hui leur rapport à la ville est problématique par leur mauvaise insertion dans l’espace, le paysage et leur fort trafic automobile. En réaction à cela des expériences de villes révèlent des méthodes d’approche quant à la requalification des voies rapides en
LE TRANSPORT INFORMEL DANS L’AGGLOMERATION ORANAISE
Authors: Mohammed Reda MESSAHEL
Published: February 2025

communes
Population RGPH 77
Population RGPH 87
Population RGPH 98
Population RGPH 08
Population 2013
Oran
502 014
603 931
634 113
609014
663549
Es-Senia
19 969
34 324
64 797
96928
114941
Bir El Djir
8 015
20 510
73 029
152151
232118
Sidi Chahmi
4 587
16 935
58 857
104498
143985
Aggl. Oranaise
549 652
697 282
858 600
962591
1154593
Le transport collectif est intimement lié à l’agglomération oranaise4. Cette relation s’est établie dans la durée par trois paramètres : son périmètre, sa forme urbaine ainsi que son poids démographique.
 
Oran est l’une des premières villes d’Algérie à avoir été dotée d’un système de transport urbain collectif moderne à l’époque coloniale. En effet, dès 1899 la ville avait son tramway électrique. Il était considéré dès cette période comme étant un moyen de transport très efficace, dans la mesure où il répondait à la demande d’une petite ville avec une population qui ne dépassait guère les 95000 habitants5.
 
En plus du tramway, l’agglomération oranaise a connu d’autres modes de transport collectif durant son histoire à savoir : le trolleybus et le bus (moyen de transport le plus utilisé actuellement).
 
Comme bon nombre de grandes villes d’Algérie, l’agglomération oranaise a connu une urbanisation soutenue à partir des années 1975 et caractérisée par :

Les apports migratoires successifs et une forte natalité

Une marginalisation de certaines zones urbaines, tissus périurbains et les douars où le phénomène de bidonvilles a pris de l’ampleur dans la zone Ouest
Le phénomène de l’étalement urbain vers l’Est de l’agglomération oranaise, générant ainsi des distances de plus en plus
Une demande sans précédent en matière de transport collectif
L’émergence d’un nouveau mode de transport et de déplacement à savoir le transport clandestin ou informel
LE TRAMWAY AU CŒUR DES PROJETS URBAINS DE L’AGGLOMERATION D’ALGER
Authors: Amina-TABTI-TALAMALI  , Tahar-BAOUNI
Published: February 2025

Le développement accéléré de l’industrie et la poussée démographique concomitante ont eu pour conséquence l’urbanisation rapide et l’extension des villes appelées à assumer des fonctions inédites, rendues d’autant plus complexes- sinon impossibles- que cette extension a été le plus souvent anarchique. Au premier rang des problèmes engendrés par cette explosion urbaine se trouve la question des mobilités. Elle se pose aujourd’hui en termes nouveaux en raison de la taille des agglomérations, de leur croissance rapide et surtout en raison de la disproportion entre les faibles moyens disponibles et l’échelle des problèmes1. Environnement dégradé, tissus urbains inadaptés, bruit, pollution, embouteillages et accidents sont ressentis de plus en plus douloureusement par les habitants des grandes métropoles.
 
Alger n’échappe évidemment pas à cet état de fait. Les problèmes y sont vécus d’une manière plus aiguë du fait de sa topographie, de son statut de capitale et de métropole nationale concentrant les fonctions de commandement et de pouvoir politique, l’essentiel des activités industrielles et tertiaires, les infrastructures les plus importantes et le plus grand nombre d’universités.
 
Face à ces problématiques et au développement de la voiture particulière, de nombreuses infrastructures ont déjà été réalisées, ou sont en voie de l’être, dont des trémies, des échangeurs, des rocades…. ainsi que des lignes de métro et de tramway, de transport par câbles, et l’électrification du chemin de fer. Beaucoup reste à faire pour rendre plus aisée l’accessibilité d’Alger qui aspire à figurer parmi les plus grandes métropoles du bassin méditerranéen.
 
L’aisance des finances publiques a permis aux pouvoirs publics en charge des questions de transport urbain, d’entreprendre des ouvrages d’envergure qui permettront d’infléchir la situation critique des déplacements et viseront à transformer de façon décisive la configuration du réseau algérois.
L’un des grands projets prévus pour la capitale est le tramway, dont la mise en place a d’ores et déjà commencé. La réalisation de la première ligne (tronçon prioritaire) qui prend son départ de la « Rue des Fusillés » vers Bordj El Kiffan à l’Est d’Alger, complète le réseau de transport existant, afin de satisfaire la demande de déplacements, de plus en plus croissante, des Algérois et leur aspiration à accéder à un niveau de transport sensiblement meilleur.
Sexual offending in Australia 2022–23
Authors: Sullivan Tom , McAlister Merran , Bricknell Samantha
Published: February 2025

The Australian Sexual Offence Statistical collection was established by the Australian Institute of Criminology to monitor sexual offending across the country. The collection brings together data on all types of sexual offending, with a focus on alleged sexual offenders. This Statistical Report covers sexual offending for the period 1 July 2022 to 30 June 2023. It describes the 9,101 alleged sexual offenders proceeded against by police in New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, Western Australia, the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory in 2022–23. The offenders were proceeded against for offences involving a total of 8,873 identified victims.
La institucionalización del cambio climático en Colombia: límites de los modelos climáticos y las reparaciones internacionales
Authors: Perdomo Marín Juan Camilo
Published: February 2025

This article evaluates how institutions in Colombia address the climate crisis. Based on documentary analysis, field notes, and theoretical review, it examines the validity of official climate change data, the interpretations and expectations associated with them, and the implications of their implementation for policy actions. This study finds that the use of climate models and international remediation initiatives overlooks several scientific uncertainties. There is an uncritical use of institutional data, such as erroneous climate projections in climate adaptation decision-making, and the obstacles to economically quantifying the environmental debt of the countries of the Global North are ignored. These shortcomings result from bureaucratic structures that limit the range of understanding of the climate crisis and a lack of critical thinking in the face of the measures proposed. Given the need to suggest innovative methodological strategies to evaluate the current climate initiatives, this research highlights the intellectual productivity of combining the analysis of uncertainties in climate science with a critique of institutional bureaucracy.
Beneficial Health Effects of the Original Nexus Energy (O.N.E.) Technology
Authors: Dartsch Peter C.
Published: February 2025

In the present study the beneficial cellular effects of a new technology, named O.N.E. (Original Nexus Energy) technology, was investigated. An AJNA energy pendant jewelry in gold was used for the treatment of cultivated connective tissue
fibroblasts. We examined the vitality, the basal metabolism and the regeneration process with and without the O.N.E. technology after a continuous treatment period up to 24 hours.
The vitality of connective tissue fibroblasts was significantly stimulated by the energy pendant jewelry by 16.3 ± 3.2% (mean value ± standard deviation; p ≤ 0.01; n = 4) when compared with the untreated control. However, the basal metabolism
of the connective tissue fibroblasts was stimulated even more by 30.3 ± 6.9%(mean value ± standard deviation; p ≤ 0.01; n = 4). The results demonstrate that the cellular activity level was considerably improved by use of the O.N.E. technology.
The regeneration of connective tissue fibroblasts was also stimulated by the energy pendant jewelry when compared with the untreated control. The totally colonized area after 20 hours was 93.1 ± 4.6% (mean value ± standard deviation; n = 3) for
the cell cultures exposed to the energy pendant jewelry, whereas this area was only 75.7 ± 11.7% (mean value ± standard deviation; n = 3) for control cell cultures. The difference was statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05).
Our studies with connective tissue fibroblasts have demonstrated that the AJNA energy pendant jewelry with the O.N.E. technology improves the basal energy level/cellular activity such as vitality and basal cell metabolism as well as the regenerative
potential. Thus, the use of the O.N.E. technology might improve and maintain the individual attitude of life, well-being and systemic health.
Homeopathic Medicine Thuja Occidentalis 200CH, In the Treatment of Urinary Tract Infection- A Randomised, Placebo Controlled Trial
Authors: Kumar Sisodiya Nagendra
Published: February 2025

Urinary Tract Infection is among the most prevalent infectious disease in human, with substantial financial burden on society. These are the most common bacterial infection in humans, both in the community and hospital setting and have been reported in all socio-economic classes and different age-group in both sexes, but uti is most commonly seen in females due to various clinical conditions like anatomic differences, hormonal effects, malnutrition, poor hygiene, and certain behavioural factors which include delay micturition, sexual activity and the use of diaphragms and. UTI is a second most common infectious presentation in community medical practice. The aim of the study was to study Effectiveness of Thuja Occientalis200CH in the treatment of UTI.

Methods: Single blind placebo-controlled study design has been adopted to know Elaborative study on ‘Effectiveness of Thuja Occidentalis 200CH, In Study of Urinary Tract Infection’. A total number of 80 patients were involved in study having age group 20 to 40 years, both gender and all socioeconomically classes, who fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Test group A-40 cases administered homoeopathic medicine Thuja Occidentalis 200CHand Control Group B-40 cases, received Placebo up to Three months with at least four visits.

Result: All data were calculated from the study of 80 individuals. Statistical tests regarding the various parameters were conducted and ratio of cure was found out in relation to the medicine used.

Conclusion: Hence finally it is concluded that, there is significant difference in result between groups of UTI patients receiving Homoeopathic medicine Thuja Occidentalis 200CH and placebo is significantly effective than placebo.
A Simple Method for Relieving Throat Cough
Authors: Agrawal Dulli Chandra
Published: February 2025

Throat phlegm, better known as cough, is quite common medical trouble amongst all age groups. A cough is an innate primitive reflex and acts as part of the body’s immune system to protect against foreign materials; this is one’s body's way of responding when something irritates his or her own throat or airways. The irritant stimulates nerves that send a message to the brain. The brain then tells muscles in the chest and abdomen to push air out of the lungs to force out the irritant sputum. There are many causes of cough, and most are benign. A way out is reported here for getting rid of the throat cough through a couple of steps in the shortest possible time; one has to stop swallowing the saliva, store it in the mouth for 20 to 30 minutes leading to irritation in the throat, and the subsequent hawk releases the cough. The process can be repeated a couple of times for complete relief without disturbing his daily routine.
Prevalence of Thyroid Disorders in Children at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Punhal Muhammad , Ali Nusrat , Jan Saleh , Halim Alia , Bibi Safia , Gauhar Shabbir Muhammad
Published: February 2025

Background: Thyroid disorders are most common in children. Early diagnosis and management is crucial.

Objective: The aim of this study was to find out the Prevalence of Thyroid Disorders in Children at a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Materials and Method: The current retrospective study was carried out at the pediatric department of HBS General Hospital, Islamabad from July 2022 to June 2023, after taking approval from the ethical board of the institute. Children below 5 year old with thyroid dysfunction symptoms who visited the OPD and IPD of the hospital were included. A total 502 individuals were enrolled their demographic features were noted. The thyroid gland was examined in accordance with WHO recommendations. The thyroid profiles of all the participants were diagnosed, including the levels of, T4 and T3. The tests were used in this study were T3-ARCHITECT Total T3 assay (Abbott Diagnostics, reagent B7K640), TSH-ARCHITECT TSH assay (Abbott Diagnostics, reagent B7K620) & T4-ARCHITECT Total T4 assay (Abbott Diagnostics, reagent B7K660). Furthermore, children with hypothyroidism underwent testing and anemia grading using estimations of hemoglobin and RBC indices. When hypothyroidism manifested as a single thyroid nodule, FNAC of the thyroid gland was carried out. Data was entered to Microsoft excel and represented in frequency and percentage.

Results: A total of 502 children below 12 years old were screened for thyroid disorders .out of which 69 (13.7%) were found to have thyroid dysfunction. the prevalence of hypothyroidism was observed in 63(91.3%) and 6(8.6%) had hyperthyroidism. Goiter was present in only 16% of individuals with thyroid dysfunction. Dwarfism was the most prevalent clinical manifestation (60%) and was followed by lethargy (50.7%) were noted in hypothyroid individuals. All the individuals with hyperthyroidism showed tachycardia while palpitation and heat intolerance were observed in 83. Anemia was observed in 20 (31.74%) of the hypothyroid children. There was no instance of thyroid gland cancer. Congenital heart disease was the most prevalent of the several co-morbidities found in 24 children with thyroid dysfunction.

Conclusion: Our study concluded that the thyroid disorders are most prevalent in children (13.7%), and further studies of this kind from other parts of the country with larger populations are really needed

Keywords: Thyroid disorders; Children; Prevalence.
Outcome of Spine Fixation for Unstable Fractures at Dorsolumbar Junction including Fractured Vertebrae in Pedicular Screw Fixation
Authors: Bilal Khan Muhammad , Ali Ibrar , Qadir Khan Abdul , Ul Haq Ahsan , Waheed Abdul , Saboor Awan Abdus
Published: February 2025

Background: The most serious injury that may change a person's life is a spinal cord injury that results in loss of neurological function. Many people in Pakistan suffer from spinal injuries every year. Although research on spinal injuries has been published in Pakistan, it is still unclear how often spinal injuries are there.

Objective: To assess the radiological and clinical outcomes of transpedicular screw fixation for fractures of the spine, including vertebral fractures

Methodology: This prospective research carried out by the Department of Orthopaedics and Spine Surgery, PIMS, Islamabad and Health Net Hospital Phase 5, Hayatabad Peshawar between November 2022 and April, 2023. This research comprised 130 individuals with single-level fractures ranging from D11 to L2. In every patient, a dorso-lumbar MRI and a full spine X-ray were performed. Clinical criteria included back pain measured by the Visual Analogue Score (VAS) and disability measured by the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Version 23 of the SPSS software was used to analyze the data.

Results: A total of 130 patients were included in this study. The mean age (SD) of the enrolled patients was 32.8 (±2.11) years. There were 97 (74.62%) males patients while the female patients were 33 (25.38%). A statistical significant improvement was observed post-operatively in posterior vertebral height, anterior vertebral height, Cobb angle and sagittal index. (p<0.05). Statistical significant improvement in Oswestry disability index (ODI) and reduction in VAS was observed in our study. (p<0.05). The post-operative complications were observed in only 12 (9.24%) Patients.

Conclusion: Excellent radiological and clinical results were obtained in our investigation using transpedicular screw fixation that included the fractured vertebrae. By providing an additional pedicle for fixation, it shortened the fixation segment and enhanced biomechanical stability while also aiding in reduction and repair of deformities. Therefore, in the case of dorso-lumbar spine fractures, we highly advise transpedicular screw stabilization of the fractured vertebra.

Keywords: Spine fixation; Unstable fractures; Dorsolumbar junction.
Study and Incremental Research for Training and Development through Human Resource Enlargement
Authors: Kaur Kiranpreet , Yadav Dr. P. S. , Verma Dr. Sunita
Published: February 2025

This research explores the impact of incremental training and development approaches on human resource expansion, focusing on the role of training programs in enhancing employees' skills and performance. It evaluates the impact of skill enhancement techniques on workforce productivity, adaptability, job satisfaction, and organizational growth. The study provides insights into the effectiveness of continuous improvement strategies in HR development and emphasizes the importance of integrating learning modules with business objectives. With an emphasis on the changing trends in corporate learning and employee skill enhancement, this study explores the significance of training and development as a strategic instrument for HR expansion. It seeks to determine the most effective methods for long-term workforce development and examine how innovation and technology affect employee training. The study highlights the advantages of continuous learning in raising employee productivity, job happiness, and overall business performance, offering insightful information to HR experts, corporate trainers, and regulators. Nevertheless, the research is restricted to particular case studies and might not encompass all industry-specific variances. The introduction, literature review, research methodology, analysis and findings, and conclusion and recommendations make up the thesis's five key chapters.
IMPLEMENTASI PRINSIP KEADILAN TERHADAP GURU DARI PERSPEKTIF HUKUM: ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN DAN PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM DALAM SISTEM PENDIDIKAN INDONESIA
Authors: Umar Iskandar  , Darni Asis  , M. Ersyad Indrapraja  , Muhammad Idris Tahir  , Rahmat J
Published: February 2025

Teachers hold a strategic role in fostering a high-quality education system in Indonesia. Through Law Number 14 of 2005 on Teachers and Lecturers and Law Number 20 of 2003 on the National Education System, the government has demonstrated its commitment to ensuring teachers’ welfare, legal protection, and opportunities for professional development. However, the practical implementation of these fundamental rights often falls short, particularly for non-civil servant teachers and those serving in remote areas. Significant gaps persist between the normative provisions and the realities on the ground, especially regarding welfare, legal protection, and professional development opportunities.This study employs a qualitative methodology with a juridical-normative approach to evaluate the effectiveness of implementing justice principles for teachers in Indonesia. Data were gathered through interviews and document analysis.The findings reveal notable disparities in the realization of justice principles, primarily driven by limited regional budgets, low levels of legal literacy, and insufficient governmental support. The study recommends increasing budget allocations, enhancing awareness of teachers' legal rights, and implementing stricter oversight mechanisms to ensure policy compliance. This research provides an in-depth analysis of the challenges faced by teachers in accessing their rights and highlights the urgent need for more equitable policies to improve the welfare and protection of the teaching profession.
Treatment facilitators experiences of delivering an online domestic violence perpetrator programme
Authors: Nelson Rebecca , Johnson Darren
Published: February 2025

Whilst research on treatment effectiveness with domestic violence perpetrators is evolving, there remains a limited understanding of the experiences of treatment providers. The perspectives of these professionals can be crucial as they navigate the complexities of intervention strategies, client engagement, and the broader context of treatment provision. This paper explores the experiences of five facilitators who delivered the online community-based Choose2Change programme by Relate (an organisation which provides counselling, support, and courses within the context of relationships). The study employed an explorative, qualitative method focused on individual treatment providers’ experiences to gain reflective insight into online treatment delivery, with consideration of facilitators and barriers to treatment efficacy and impact. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was applied by the lead researcher (first author), whilst the second author conducted external auditing analysis, enhancing rigour and credibility. The analysis generated two superordinate themes: ‘With challenge comes reward’, and ‘Impacts and protective mechanism’. The findings indicate that despite encountering challenges to online treatment delivery, the treatment providers reported finding their work rewarding and conducive to personal growth. They emphasised the importance of peer support and self-care in effectively managing their experiences. These findings enrich the evidence base regarding the delivery of perpetrator programmes, particularly within the context of online treatment delivery – an area that has not been extensively explored. The study provides recommendations to enhance organisational and clinical practices, emphasising the need for strong support and ongoing professional development for treatment providers to ensure their wellbeing and maximise benefits.
Optimization of Machining Parameters CNC Milling Process of Austenitic and Martensitic Stainless Steels on Surface Roughness
Authors: Mulyana Deni , Yahya Thoriq Zulham , Hata Achmad , Widiatmoko Rudy Yuni , Azmy Ilham
Published: February 2025

Stainless steel (SS), specifically AISI 304 and 420, was classified as austenitic and martensitic stainless steels which garnered excellent corrosion resistance (up to 650 oC) and easily to enhance mechanical properties by heat treatment. However, the machinability of these materials has not been widely studied. CNC milling process was defined as cutting process of workpiece using a rotating cutting tool which considered to improve productivity in manufacture industries. Machining parameters during CNC milling process such as cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut play an important role to achieve desired product with high quality. In addition, surface roughness was evaluated as pivotal factor to analyze resulted machining products of workpiece which subsequently used for direct application in vary industries. In order to study machinability of AISI 304 and 420 stainless steels, the optimization of machining parameters during CNC milling process was performed to determine their surface roughness values. The research data were analyzed by using Taguchi statistical method of S/N ratio and ANOVA. Furthermore, the results show that significant influence of machining parameters on AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel was feed rate of 82,29 %, then spindle speed of 3,75 % and depth of cut 0,63 %. Besides, for AISI 420 martensitic stainless steel, the feed rate still remains important in machining parameters of 72,93 %, then depth of cut 14.98% and spindle speed of 8.09 %. Thus, the result of this research endows more insights to know the machineability of AISI 304 and AISI 420 stainless steels.