bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
99mTc-Hynic-TOC imaging in the diagnostic of neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Liepe Knut , Becker Andreas
Published: June 2018

The aim of this study was to assess the potential of 99mTc-Hynic-TOC imaging in the primary diagnosis and follow-up of midgut neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). In comparison to 111In-octreotide, 99mTc-Hynic-TOC has a higher imaging quality and leads to a lower radiation absorption in patients. 99mTc-Hynic-TOC was used for assessing primary diagnosis (n = 14) and during follow-up (n = 17) in patients with NETs. The scintigraphic findings were compared with computed tomography scans and follow-up. In 31 patients, 34 somatostatin receptor scans using 99mTc-Hynic-TOC were performed. The primary diagnoses were midgut NET. The scintigraphy was true positive in 17 patients, true negative in 9, false negative in 4, and false positive in 1. From these data, a sensitivity of 81%, specificity of 90%, positive predictive value of 94%, and negative predictive value of 69% were calculated. In summary, 99mTc-TOC represents a useful radiotracer in imaging SSTR-expressing tumor lesions with slightly higher sensitivity, higher imaging quality, and lower radiation exposure for patients compared to 111In-octreotide. A 1-day double-acquisition protocol should be used to reduce false-positive findings of the gut.
Higher event rate in patients with high-risk Duke Treadmill Score despite normal exercise-gated myocardial perfusion imaging
Authors: Zaman Maseeh , Fatima Nosheen , Zaman Areeba , Zaman Unaiza , Tahseen Rabia , Zaman Sidra
Published: June 2018

This prospective study was carried out to find the negative predictive value of various Duke Treadmill Scores (DTSs) in patients with normal myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). This study was conducted from August 2012 to July 2015, and 603 patients having normal exercise MPIs were included. Patients were followed for 2 years for fatal myocardial infarction (FMI) and nonfatal myocardial infarction (NFMI). Follow-up was not available in 23 patients, leaving a cohort of 583 participants. DTS was low risk (≥5) in 286, intermediate risk (between 4 and − 10) in 211, and high risk (≤−11) in 86 patients. Patients with high- and intermediate-risk DTS were significantly elder than low-risk DTS cohort. Patients with high-risk DTS had significantly higher body mass index with male preponderance compared to other groups. No significant difference was found among three groups regarding modifiable or nonmodifiable risk factors and left ventricular ejection fraction. On follow-up, single FMI was observed in high-risk DTS group (log-rank test value = 5.779, P = 0.056). Five NFMI events were observed in high-risk DTS (94.2% survival; log-rank test value = 19.398, P = 0.0001; significant) as compared to two events each in low- and intermediate-risk DTS (nonsignificant). We conclude that patients with normal exercise MPI and low-to-intermediate risk DTS have significantly low NFMI. High-risk DTS despite normal exercise MPI had high NFMI. Further, validation studies to find the predictive value of symptomatic and asymptomatic ST deviation resulting in high-risk DTS in patients with normal exercise MPI are warranted.
An application of the value distribution theory for semi-abelian varieties to problems of Ax–Lindemann and Manin–Mumford types
Authors: Noguchi Junjiro
Published: June 2018

The aim of this paper is to prove a theorem of Ax–Lindemann type for complex semi-abelian varieties as an application of a big Picard theorem proved by the author in 1981, and then apply it to prove a theorem of classical Manin–Mumford Conjecture for semi-abelian varieties, which was proved by M. Raynaud 1983, M. Hindry 1988, . . . , and Pila–Zannier 2008 by a different method from others, which is most relevant to ours. The present result might be a first instance of a direct connection at the proof level between the value distribution theory of holomorphic maps and the arithmetic (Diophantine) theory over algebraic number fields, while there have been many analogies between them.
Small perturbations of nonlocal biharmonic problems with variable exponent and competing nonlinearities
Authors: Kefi Khaled , Rădulescu Vicenţiu D.
Published: June 2018

The present paper deals with the analysis of combined effects of an absorption term and a small perturbation of the reaction term in a

p(x)

-biharmonic Kirchhoff problem with Navier boundary condition. The main result in this work establishes the existence of a continuous spectrum consisting in an interval. The proofs combine variational methods with energy estimates.
Investigating the role of dust in ice nucleation within clouds and further effects on the regional weather system over East Asia – Part 1: model development and validation
Authors: Su Lin , Fung Jimmy C. H.
Published: June 2018

Abstract. The GOCART–Thompson microphysics scheme coupling the GOCART
aerosol model and the aerosol-aware Thompson–Eidhammer microphysics scheme
has been implemented in the WRF-Chem to quantify and evaluate the effect of
dust on the ice nucleation process in the atmosphere by serving as ice
nuclei (IN). The performance of the GOCART–Thompson microphysics scheme in
simulating the effect of dust in atmospheric ice nucleation is then evaluated
over East Asia during spring, a typical dust-intensive season, in 2012. Based
upon the dust emission reasonably reproduced by WRF-Chem, the effect of dust
on atmospheric cloud ice water content is well reproduced. With abundant dust
particles serving as IN, the simulated ice water mixing ratio and ice crystal
number concentration increases by 15 and 7 % on average over the dust
source region and downwind areas during the investigated period. The
comparison with the ice water path from satellite observations demonstrated that
the simulation of the cloud ice profile is substantially improved by considering
the indirect effect of dust particles in the simulations. Additional
sensitivity experiments are carried out to optimize the parameters in the ice
nucleation parameterization in the GOCART–Thompson microphysics scheme.
Results suggest that lowering the threshold relative humidity with respect to
ice to 100 % for the ice nucleation parameterization leads to further
improvement in cloud ice simulation.
On the consistency of HNO3 and NO2 in the Aleutian High region from the Nimbus 7 LIMS Version 6 data set
Authors: Remsberg Ellis , Natarajan Murali , Harvey V. Lynn
Published: June 2018

Abstract. This study uses photochemical calculations along kinematic trajectories in conjunction with Limb Infrared Monitor of the Stratosphere (LIMS) observations to examine the changes in HNO3 and NO2 near 30 hPa in the region of the Aleutian High (AH) during the minor warming event of January 1979. An earlier analysis of Version 5 (V5) LIMS data indicated increases in HNO3 without a corresponding decrease in NO2 in that region and a quasi-wave 2 signature in the zonal distribution of HNO3, unlike the wave 1 signal in ozone and other tracers. Version 6 (V6) LIMS also shows an increase of HNO3 in that region, but NO2 is smaller than from V5. The focus here is to convey that V6 HNO3 and NO2 are of good quality, as shown by a re-examination of their mutual changes in the AH region. Photochemical model calculations initialized with LIMS V6 data show increases of about 2 ppbv in HNO3 over 10 days along trajectories terminating in the AH region on 28 January. Those increases are mainly a result of the nighttime heterogeneous conversion of N2O5 on background stratospheric sulfuric acid aerosols. Changes in the composition of the air parcels depend on the extent of exposure to sunlight and, hence, on the dynamically controlled history of the trajectories. Trajectories that begin in low latitudes and traverse to across the North Pole in a short time lead to the low HNO3 in the region separating the anticyclone from the polar vortex, both of which contain higher HNO3. These findings help to explain the observed seasonal evolution and areal extent of both species. V6 HNO3 and NO2 are suitable, within their errors, for the validation of stratospheric chemistry–climate models.
Transfer of diazotroph-derived nitrogen to the planktonic food web across gradients of N2 fixation activity and diversity in the western tropical South Pacific Ocean
Authors: Caffin Mathieu , Berthelot Hugo , Cornet-Barthaux Véronique , Barani Aude , Bonnet Sophie
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Biological dinitrogen (N2) fixation provides the major source of
new nitrogen (N) to the open ocean, contributing more than atmospheric
deposition and riverine inputs to the N supply. Yet the fate of the
diazotroph-derived N (DDN) in the planktonic food web is poorly understood.
The main goals of this study were (i) to quantify how much of DDN is released
to the dissolved pool during N2 fixation and how much is
transferred to bacteria, phytoplankton and zooplankton, and (ii) to compare
the DDN release and transfer efficiencies under contrasting N2
fixation activity and diversity in the oligotrophic waters of the western
tropical South Pacific (WTSP) Ocean. We used nanometre-scale secondary ion
mass spectrometry (nanoSIMS) coupled with 15N2 isotopic
labelling and flow cytometry cell sorting to track the DDN transfer to
plankton, in regions where the diazotroph community was dominated by either
Trichodesmium or by UCYN-B. After 48 h, ∼ 20–40 % of the
N2 fixed during the experiment was released to the dissolved pool
when Trichodesmium dominated, while the DDN release was not
quantifiable when UCYN-B dominated; ∼ 7–15 % of the total fixed N
(net N2 fixation + release) was transferred to non-diazotrophic
plankton within 48 h, with higher transfer efficiencies (15 ± 3 %)
when UCYN-B dominated as compared to when Trichodesmium dominated
(9 ± 3 %). The pico-cyanobacteria Synechococcus and
Prochlorococcus were the primary beneficiaries of the DDN
transferred (∼ 65–70 %), followed by heterotrophic bacteria
(∼ 23–34 %). The DDN transfer in bacteria was higher
(34 ± 7 %) in the UCYN-B-dominating experiment compared to the
Trichodesmium-dominating experiments (24 ± 5 %). Regarding
higher trophic levels, the DDN transfer to the dominant zooplankton species
was less efficient when the diazotroph community was dominated by
Trichodesmium (∼ 5–9 % of the DDN transfer) than when it
was dominated by UCYN-B (∼ 28 ± 13 % of the DDN transfer). To
our knowledge, this study provides the first quantification of DDN release
and transfer to phytoplankton, bacteria and zooplankton communities in open
ocean waters. It reveals that despite UCYN-B fix N2 at lower rates
compared to Trichodesmium in the WTSP, the DDN from UCYN-B is much
more available and efficiently transferred to the planktonic food web than
the DDN originating from Trichodesmium.
The influence of carbonate platform interactions with subduction zone volcanism on palaeo-atmospheric CO2 since the Devonian
Authors: Pall Jodie , Zahirovic Sabin , Doss Sebastiano , Hassan Rakib , Matthews Kara J. , Cannon John , Gurnis Michael , Moresi Louis , Lenardic Adrian , Müller R. Dietmar
Published: June 2018

Abstract. The CO2 liberated along subduction zones through
intrusive/extrusive magmatic activity and the resulting active and diffuse
outgassing influences global atmospheric CO2. However, when melts
derived from subduction zones intersect buried carbonate platforms,
decarbonation reactions may cause the contribution to atmospheric
CO2 to be far greater than segments of the active margin that lacks
buried carbon-rich rocks and carbonate platforms. This study investigates the
contribution of carbonate-intersecting subduction zones (CISZs) to
palaeo-atmospheric CO2 levels over the past 410 million years by
integrating a plate motion and plate boundary evolution model with carbonate
platform development through time. Our model of carbonate platform
development has the potential to capture a broader range of degassing
mechanisms than approaches that only account for continental arcs. Continuous and cross-wavelet analyses as well as wavelet coherence are used
to evaluate trends between the evolving lengths of carbonate-intersecting
subduction zones, non-carbonate-intersecting subduction zones and global
subduction zones, and are examined for periodic, linked behaviour with the
proxy CO2 record between 410 Ma and the present. Wavelet analysis
reveals significant linked periodic behaviour between 60 and 40 Ma, when CISZ
lengths are relatively high and are correlated with peaks in
palaeo-atmospheric CO2, characterised by a 32–48 Myr periodicity and a
∼ 8–12 Myr lag of CO2 peaks following CISZ length peaks.
The linked behaviour suggests that the relative abundance of CISZs played a
role in affecting global climate during the Palaeogene. In the 200–100 Ma
period, peaks in CISZ lengths align with peaks in palaeo-atmospheric
CO2, but CISZ lengths alone cannot be determined as the cause of a
warmer Cretaceous–Jurassic climate. Nevertheless, across the majority of the
Phanerozoic, feedback mechanisms between the geosphere, atmosphere and
biosphere likely played dominant roles in modulating climate. Our modelled
subduction zone lengths and carbonate-intersecting subduction zone lengths
approximate magmatic activity through time, and can be used as input into
fully coupled models of CO2 flux between deep and shallow carbon
reservoirs.
Climate sensitivity estimates – sensitivity to radiative forcing time series and observational data
Authors: Skeie Ragnhild Bieltvedt , Berntsen Terje , Aldrin Magne , Holden Marit , Myhre Gunnar
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Inferred effective climate sensitivity (ECSinf) is
estimated using a method combining radiative forcing (RF) time series and
several series of observed ocean heat content (OHC) and near-surface
temperature change in a Bayesian framework using a simple energy balance
model and a stochastic model. The model is updated compared to our previous
analysis by using recent forcing estimates from IPCC, including OHC data for
the deep ocean, and extending the time series to 2014. In our main analysis,
the mean value of the estimated ECSinf is 2.0 ∘C, with a
median value of 1.9 ∘C and a 90 % credible interval (CI) of
1.2–3.1 ∘C. The mean estimate has recently been shown to be
consistent with the higher values for the equilibrium climate sensitivity
estimated by climate models. The transient climate response (TCR) is
estimated to have a mean value of 1.4 ∘C (90 % CI 0.9–2.0 ∘C), and in our main analysis the posterior aerosol effective
radiative forcing is similar to the range provided by the IPCC. We show a
strong sensitivity of the estimated ECSinf to the choice of a priori RF
time series, excluding pre-1950 data and the treatment of OHC data.
Sensitivity analysis performed by merging the upper (0–700 m) and the deep-ocean OHC or using only one OHC dataset (instead of four in the main
analysis) both give an enhancement of the mean ECSinf by about 50 %
from our best estimate.
NHM-Chem, the Japan MeteorologicalAgency's regional meteorology – chemistry model (v1.0): model description and aerosol representations
Authors: Kajino Mizuo , Deushi Makoto , Sekiyama Tsuyoshi Thomas , Oshima Naga , Yumimoto Keiya , Tanaka Taichu Yasumichi , Ching Joseph , Hashimoto Akihiro , Yamamoto Tetsuya , Ikegami Masaaki , Kamada Akane , Miyashita Makoto , Inomata Yayoi , Shima Shin-ichiro , Adachi Kouji , Zaizen Yuji , Igarashi Yasuhito , Ueda Hiromasa , Maki Takashi , Mikami Masao
Published: June 2018

Abstract. A regional-scale meteorology – chemistry model (NHM-Chem v1.0) has been developed. Three options for aerosol representations are currently available: the 5-category non-equilibrium (Aitken, soot-free accumulation, accumulation internally mixed with soot, dust, and sea-salt), 3-category non-equilibrium (Aitken, accumulation, and coarse), and bulk equilibrium (submicron, dust, and sea-salt) methods. These three methods are suitable for the predictions of regional climate, air quality, and operational forecasts, respectively. The total CPU times of the 5-category and 3-category methods were 91 % and 44 % greater than that of the bulk method, respectively. The bulk equilibrium method was shown to be eligible for operational forecast purposes, namely, the surface mass concentrations of air pollutants such as O3, mineral dust, and PM2.5. The 3-category method was shown to be eligible for air quality simulations, namely, mass concentrations and depositions. However, the internal mixture assumption of soot/soot-free and dust/sea-salt particles in the 3-category method resulted in significant differences in the size distribution and hygroscopicity of the particles. Even though the 3-category method was not designed to simulate aerosol-cloud-radiation interaction processes, its performance in terms of bulk properties, such as aerosol optical thickness (AOT) and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), was acceptable. However, some specific parameters exhibited significant differences or systematic errors. The unrealistic dust/sea-salt complete mixture of the 3-category method induced significant errors in the prediction of mineral dust containing CCN. The overestimation of soot hygroscopicity by the 3-category method induced errors in BC-containing CCN, BC deposition, and absorbing AOT (AAOT). The difference in AAOT was less pronounced because the overestimation of the absorption enhancement was compensated by the overestimation of hygroscopic growth and the consequent loss due to in-cloud scavenging.
Small scale characterization of vine plant root water uptake via 3D
electrical resistivity tomography and Mise-à-la-Masse method
Authors: Mary Benjamin , Peruzzo Luca , Boaga Jacopo , Schmutz Myriam , Wu Yuxin , Hubbard Susan S. , Cassiani Giorgio
Published: June 2018

Abstract. The investigation of plant roots is inherently difficult and often neglected. Being out of sight, roots are often out of mind. Still, roots play a key role in the exchange of mass and energy between soil and the atmosphere, let alone the many practical applications in agriculture. In this paper, we propose a method for roots imaging based on the joint use of two electrical non-invasive methods, Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and Mise-a-la-Masse (MALM). The approach is based on the key assumption that the plant root system acts as an electrically conductive body, so that injecting electrical current in the plant stem will ultimately result in the injection of current in the subsoil through the root system, and particularly through the root terminations via hair roots. Evidence from field data, showing that voltage distribution is very different whether current is injected in the tree stem or in the ground, strongly supports this hypothesis. The proposed procedure involves a stepwise inversion of both ERT and MALM data that ultimately leads to the identification of electrical resistivity distribution, and of the current-injection root distribution in the three-dimensional soil space. This, in turn, is a proxy to the active (hair) root density in the ground. We tested the proposed procedure on synthetic data and, more importantly, on field data collected in vineyard, where the estimated depth of the root zone proved to be in agreement with literature on similar crops. The proposed non-invasive approach is a step forward towards a better quantification of roots structure and functioning.
Sensitivity analysis with respect to observations in variational data assimilation for parameter estimation
Authors: Shutyaev Victor , Le Dimet Francois-Xavier , Parmuzin Eugene
Published: June 2018

Abstract. The problem of variational data assimilation for a nonlinear
evolution model is formulated as an optimal control problem to find unknown
parameters of the model. The observation data, and hence the optimal
solution, may contain uncertainties. A response function is considered as a
functional of the optimal solution after assimilation. Based on the
second-order adjoint techniques, the sensitivity of the response function to
the observation data is studied. The gradient of the response function is
related to the solution of a nonstandard problem involving the coupled
system of direct and adjoint equations. The nonstandard problem is studied,
based on the Hessian of the original cost function. An algorithm to compute
the gradient of the response function with respect to observations is
presented. A numerical example is given for the variational data assimilation
problem related to sea surface temperature for the Baltic Sea thermodynamics
model.
Buoyancy-driven effects on turbulent diffusivity induced by a river plume in the southern Brazilian shelf
Authors: Ávila Rafael André , Calil Paulo H. R.
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Freshwater plumes are important flow structures that influence the dynamics and water properties of coastal regions and continental shelves. Turbulence in plume regions is mainly driven by shear instabilities at the interface between plume and oceanic waters, which, in turn, depend on the geometry and outflow of a specific plume region. The Southern Brazilian Shelf presents a highly variable hydrographic distribution modulated by the seasonal wind variation and the freshwater discharge from the La Plata River estuary, which has a significant impact on the continental shelf circulation. This buoyant plume creates strong density gradients and interacts with local water masses resulting in a complex hydrographic pattern. In this study, high resolution hydrography and microstructure measurements were obtained in order to verify the effect of freshwater stratification on vertical mixing in this highly dynamic continental shelf. Results show that the plume is highly stable at southern portions of the shelf, as density displacements, or Thorpe displacements, δT, heat diffusivity, KT, buoyancy flux, Bf, and density gradient ratio, Rp are reduced when compared to the northern areas. Moreover, hydrographic data suggests that the large-scale La Plata River plume has a dynamic mid-field region due to instabilities generated when reaching the shelf break.
Sensitivity of the current Antarctic surface mass balance to sea
surface conditions using MAR
Authors: Kittel Christoph , Amory Charles , Agosta Cécile , Delhasse Alison , Huot Pierre-Vincent , Fichefet Thierry , Fettweis Xavier
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Estimates for the recent period and projections of the Antarctic surface mass balance (SMB) often rely on high-resolution polar-oriented regional climate models (RCMs). However, RCMs require large-scale boundary forcing fields provided by reanalyses or general circulation models (GCMs). Since the recent variability of sea surface conditions (SSC, namely sea ice concentration (SIC) and sea surface temperature (SST)) over the Southern Ocean are not reproduced by most GCMs from the 5th phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) for the last decades, RCMs are then subject to potential biases. We investigate here the direct sensitivity of the Antarctic SMB to SSC perturbations around the Antarctic. With the RCM MAR, different sensitivity experiments are performed over 1979–2015 by altering the ERA-Interim SSC with (i) homogeneous perturbations and (ii) mean anomalies estimated from all CMIP5 models and two extreme ones, while atmospheric lateral boundary conditions remained unchanged. Results show increased (resp. decreased) precipitation due to perturbations inducing warmer (resp. colder) SSC than ERA-Interim significantly altering the SMB of coastal areas, as precipitation is mainly related to cyclones that do not penetrate far into the continent. At the continental scale, significant SMB anomalies (i.e, greater than the interannual variability) are found for the largest combined SST/SIC perturbations. Sensitivity experiments with warmer SSC reveal integrated SMB anomalies (+5 %–+13 %) over the present climate (1979–2015) in the lower range of the SMB increase projected for the end of the 21st century.
Investigating the Effects of Using Writing Process on Students’ Writing Performance at Foundation Program- Hai’l University
Authors: Wahdan Najwa Rebhi , Buragohain Dipima
Published: June 2018

This study sheds the light on investigating the effects of using Writing Process Approach in developing EFL students in writing skill. It consists of 60 students from foundation program at Hai’l University –Saudi Arabia. The researchers use content analysis procedures to analyze students’ writing. This paper also focuses on the importance of the methods of teaching writing for preparatory year.  Pretest and posttest were used to investigate the effects of traditional and writing process on students’ writing performance. The results showed that students who studied according to the writing process outperformed than those who studied by traditional method. The study recommended to use the writing process in the foundation program at university of Hai’l.
“But If . . . by the Spirit of God”
Authors: Laytham D. Brent
Published: June 2018

A robust Spirit Christology must display the distinct identities and shared mission of the Son and Holy Spirit, especially as the Spirit perfects Jesus’ humanity and opens his life for our participation. Such a pneumatological Christology seems largely absent in Matthew’s Gospel, especially in his Lord’s Prayer text. Yet interpretations by Augustine and Gregory of Nyssa invite a rereading of the Lord’s Prayer as Spirit Christology. This article correlates Matthew’s unique Lord’s Prayer material with five Matthean co-texts to argue that Jesus is the Father’s Son who humanly prays and lives this prayer in the Spirit, thereby opening it for our participation. The Spirit makes Jesus’ baptism an embodied prayer for the heaven opening arrival of God’s kingdom; the Spirit joins heaven to earth to make Jesus the Father’s New Temple; the Spirit conforms Jesus’ human will to triune will when Jesus hungers in the desert and agonizes in Gethsemane; and the Spirit delivers Jesus, and through him us as well, from evil.
The White Meme's Burden: Replication and Adaptation in Twenty-First Century White Supremacist Internet Cultures
Authors: Jeffries Laura
Published: June 2018

Rudyard Kipling's 1899 poem “The White Man's Burden” is frequently invoked in the online postings of white supremacists making various arguments about contemporary race relations. Many follow Senator Ben Tillman's early appropriation of the text as an argument for racial separatism and isolationism, while others advocate a new imperialism. This article examines how Kipling's poem takes on the special qualities of a meme, allowing a loosely affiliated community of authors and audiences to signal their identities through transmission of a shared text even as they stray in multiple directions from its original meaning. Newly examined primary sources draw from a range of so-called “alt-right” spokesmen and obscure Internet users to demonstrate how the concept of the “white man's burden” has adapted to survive in a cultural environment more than a century removed from its origin, and how Kipling himself has been adopted by a twenty-first century subculture.
Migração e mercado de trabalho: uma comparação dos determinantes da inserção e dos rendimentos entre migrantes e não migrantes do Nordeste
Authors: Mendes Delazeri Linda Márcia , De Lima João Eustáquio
Published: June 2018

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os determinantes da inserção no mercado de trabalho e os determinantes dos salários dos migrantes e não migrantes da região Nordeste do Brasil. Utilizando dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD) do ano de 2013, a estimação foi feita através do modelo Probit e do método de Heckman para a correção da seleção amostral. Os resultados indicaram que fatores como posição na família, nível educacional, faixa etária, cor, setor e formalidade do trabalho são relevantes na determinação da participação no mercado de trabalho e na determinação dos rendimentos auferidos, bem como expressam diferenças e similaridades entre as duas diferentes amostras consideradas na análise.
Palavras-chave: Mobilidade geográfica do trabalho; Economia regional; Heckman.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DO COMPORTAMENTO MECÂNICO DE MISTURAS DE SOLO-ESCÓRIA DE ACIARIA-CINZA VOLANTE VISANDO A APLICAÇÃO EM PAVIMENTAÇÃO
Authors: Dos Santos André Luís , Pitanga Heraldo Nunes , Silva Ana Cláudia Bernardes , Da Silva Taciano Oliveira
Published: June 2018

Grandes quantidades de resíduos siderúrgicos, a exemplo da escória de aciaria, são geradas pelas indústrias, estimulando o desenvolvimento de pesquisas voltadas para o aproveitamento desses resíduos em obras de engenharia.  Este trabalho visou introduzir e avaliar o potencial técnico de um estabilizante oriundo da mistura íntima de pó de escória de aciaria elétrica moída e cinza volante, visando à melhoria das propriedades de engenharia de solos para fins de aplicação em pavimentação rodoviária. Utilizou-se um programa experimental de ensaios laboratoriais destinados a caracterizar o comportamento mecânico de amostras compactadas de um solo regional e de misturas desses solos com escória oxidante de aciaria elétrica moída e cinza volante. A caracterização mecânica das combinações foi realizada por meio dos ensaios ISC (Índice de Suporte Califórnia e expansão) e de resistência à compressão simples. O comportamento hidro-mecânico destes materiais foi avaliado por meio de ensaios de Perda de massa por imersão em água conforme a metodologia Miniatura Compactado Tropical. As proporções das misturas dos resíduos (escória oxidante de aciaria elétrica e cinza volante) foi de 10% da massa seca total das combinações solo-resíduos, e as porcentagens de escória de aciaria moída serão de 75%, 87,5% e 100% em relação à massa seca total das misturas dos resíduos. Ao término do trabalho, pretendeu-se avaliar a viabilidade técnica do emprego de resíduos siderúrgicos em obras de pavimentação, realçando a relevância da proposta no atendimento à necessidade das empresas siderúrgicas da região do Alto Paraopeba, de conferirem uma destinação sustentável de seus resíduos.            Palavras-chave  Resíduo siderúrgico, estabilizações mecânica e química, pavimento, desenvolvimento sustentável.
AVALIAÇÃO DO POTENCIAL ENERGÉTICO DE ATERROS SANITÁRIOS DE SEIS CIDADES BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Fernandes Giovanna Loiola , Dos Santos Ivan Felipe Silva
Published: June 2018

Atualmente, há uma grande apreensão mundial em relação à combustíveis fósseis – sendo eles os mais usados e, no entanto, mais perto de se extinguirem, assim como mais poluidores –, então têm-se investido muito em pesquisa e desenvolvimento de fontes de energia alternativas, principalmente daquelas que sejam renováveis. Em vista desse fato, acrescido da também preocupação com a produção cada vez mais crescente de resíduos sólidos pela população mundial, este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a forma alternativa de energia que se utiliza do aproveitamento do biogás gerado pela decomposição desses resíduos sólidos em projeções de 20 anos para seis cidades pré-selecionadas (Niterói/RJ, Jundiaí/SP, Cascavel/PR, Dourados/MS, Ariquemes/RO e Vigia/PA), com diferentes populações. Para projeção da produção de gás foi utilizado o software LandGEM® desenvolvido pela Agência Americana de Proteção Ambiental (USEPA) e os cálculos energéticos foram realizados considerando-se a combustão de biogás em motores de combustão interna. As equações de correlação entre a potência do aproveitamento e a energia produzida em função da população foram determinadas e podem ser replicada para estudos preliminares em outras cidades. Palavras-chaveResíduos sólidos, Biogás, Aproveitamento energético.
A Multidimensional Analysis of Pakistani Legal English
Authors: Asghar Samina , Mahmood Muhammad , Asghar Zobina
Published: June 2018

The present study aims to investigate linguistic variation among genres of Pakistani Legal English by applying multidimensional analysis. In a legal context, language performs different functions. This results in a variety of textual categories on the basis of purpose of communication and linguistic properties. In order to recognize the linguistic properties of any individual genre, a comparative study of genre categories is essential. The study has been conducted on the sample of eight Pakistani Legal genres based on around two million words. Data have been analyzed by applying Biber’s (1988) model of Multidimensional analysis. Findings reveal variation in linguistic patterns. All categories have been found significantly different along each dimension. It indicates that legal language is not a homogeneous phenomenon. It has a variety of linguistic features associated with different legal genres, so it must be viewed in terms of goal, purpose, audience and context (variable which affect the language choice).
‘Keeping up appearances’? De verschijningsplicht van de verdachte bij de terechtzitting en de uitspraak
Authors: van Noorloos M.
Published: June 2018

‘Keeping up appearances’? De verschijningsplicht van de verdachte bij de terechtzitting en de uitspraak

De modernisering van het Wetboek van Strafvordering is aangegrepen om een principieel vraagstuk uit de regeling over de berechting te herzien: de verplichte aanwezigheid van de verdachte bij het onderzoek ter terechtzitting en bij de openbare uitspraak. In deze bijdrage wordt onderzocht wat de inhoud en achtergrond van deze voorstellen zijn en wordt een oordeel gegeven over deze verschijningsplichten in het licht van de verschillende rationales die een verschijningsplicht zou kunnen vervullen – rationales die op hun beurt voortvloeien uit de functies van het straf(proces)recht. Daarbij wordt ook ingegaan op de mogelijke neveneffecten en de risico’s voor fundamentele rechten (met name de onschuldpresumptie).
Characterization of Cr–ZrO2 composite coatings electrodeposited from Cr(III) bath
Authors: Bikulčius G. , Češūnienė A. , Selskienė A. , Grigucevičienė A. , Jasulaitienė V. , Ger M.
Published: June 2018

The aim of this work was to incorporate ZrO2 particles into a Cr matrix within the research work aimed at obtaining metal matrix composite coatings (Cr–ZrO2) under direct current and to evaluate their protective properties. A Cr–ZrO2 composite coating was deposited from an electrolyte based on trivalent chromium sulphate with formate-urea as a complexing agent containing various concentrations of ZrO2. Cross-section investigations have revealed that ZrO2 particles incorporated into the Cr coating are uniformly distributed. The results indicate that ZrO2 particles influence the microhardness, morphology and corrosion behaviour of Cr–ZrO2 composite coatings obtained from the Cr(III) bath.
Nucleophilic ring opening of 1,4-disubstituted 2-pyrrolidones with hydrazine. Synthesis of azoles with a high antibacterial activity
Authors: Peleckis Artūras , Anusevičius Kazimieras , Šiugždaitė Jūratė , Mickevičius Vytautas
Published: June 2018

3-(1H-Benzimidazol-2-yl)-4-[(phenyl and 4-substituted phenyl)amino]butanohydrazides were synthesized in good yields by treating the corresponding 4-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-1-phenyl(substituted phenyl)-2-pyrrolidinones with the excess of hydrazine monohydrate. The utility of the newly synthesized hydrazides in the preparation of pyrroles, pyrazoles, oxadiazoles and triazoles has been demonstrated. All compounds were screened for their antibacterial activity. A significant antibacterial activity was found.
« ICI JE SUIS MOI-MÊME » : APPARTENANCE, LITTÉRATIE ET GENRE DANS LES COMMUNAUTÉS DE FANS DE THE FLASH ET ARROW
Authors: Bourdaa Mélanie
Published: June 2018

Cet article se propose de ré-interroger la notion de communauté de fans en injectant une composante genrée à l’analyse. Nous avons choisi d’analyser les pratiques de fans de deux séries de super-héros, The Flash et Arrow, parce que ces séries, de par leur genre et selon une croyance stéréotypée, attirent plus un public masculin. Nous cherchons donc à savoir comment les publics se saisissent de ce matériau et en retirent des compétences particulières. Nous avons ainsi publié un questionnaire en ligne et reçu 91 réponses dont 73 de fans femmes, puis nous avons participé à la communauté de pratiques dans une position d’observation participante (live-tweet, entre autres). Il en ressort que l’appartenance à la communauté est primordiale, dans un lieu qui fait office de refuge, et que les compétences acquises sont ré-investies dans le travail ou à l’école.
PRATIQUES TRANSLITTÉRACIQUES DES JEUNES : GENRE ET CRÉATION HYBRIDE/MULTIMODALE
Authors: Richard Moniques , Lacelle Nathalie
Published: June 2018

Dans cet article, nous nous intéressons à la place du genre dans les pratiques translittéraciques informelles des jeunes. Nous examinons la réception/création de productions culturelles par des adolescentes et des adolescents à l’aide de la métaphore du mixage de cultures et des concepts d’hybridation et de multimodalité. Notre objectif est de répertorier et d’analyser les pratiques de création de ces jeunes en tenant compte de l’identification ou non à un genre. Pour cela, nous avons procédé à une enquête auprès de 200 adolescents et à une étude de cas. Les résultats préliminaires démontrent que les intérêts, les pratiques et les compétences des jeunes s’insèrent et se modulent dans une série de continuums. Nous concluons sur la nécessité de penser également le genre comme une continuité sur une échelle de valeurs graduée plutôt qu’une polarité entre deux états opposés, tout en cernant le statut de création des productions culturelles des jeunes.
L’ÉCOLE PARTIE PRENANTE DE LA REPRODUCTION DES INÉGALITÉS SEXUÉES - ENTRETIEN AVEC SOPHIE DEVINEAU
Authors: Devineau Sophie
Published: June 2018

Présenter l’école comme un univers à part est un raisonnement largement répandu et qui s’est épanoui à la faveur du mythe de la neutralité scolaire alimentant une sorte d’aveuglement collectif. La loi de mixité scolaire a été vécue comme une fin en soi alors que les cadres institutionnels ne garantissent pas le déroulement égalitaire des scolarités. Or il n’est pas tenable de placer l’école en-dehors du système de fabrication des rapports sociaux de sexes qui s’exercent continûment dans toutes les sphères de la vie sociale. Une des premières manifestations du sexisme de l’école consiste à ignorer les inégalités d’orientation selon les filières sous couvert de neutralité. Ne pas les prendre en charge privilégie l’idéologie du libre choix des individus laquelle fabrique dans les faits les inégalités sexuées à l’ombre d’une mixité de façade.
TABLETTES TACTILES À L’ÉCOLE PRIMAIRE EN FRANCE : ILLUSIONS ESSENTIALISTES ET PRATIQUES GENRÉES CHEZ LES ENSEIGNANT.E.S DU PRIMAIRE
Authors: Ferrière Séverine , Collet Isabelle
Published: June 2018

Les tablettes tactiles, par leur approche simple et leur expansion massive, pourraient être l’outil numérique échappant à un étiquetage lié aux stéréotypes genrés associant « technologies numériques » et masculin. L’analyse du discours de professeur.e.s des écoles sur leurs représentations et leurs pratiques en classe révèlent une pensée essentialiste et une adhésion aux stéréotypes déjà à l’oeuvre, reproduisant une hiérarchie sexuée à l’école primaire, avec plus d’hommes concernés par les tablettes et des représentations différenciées entre « observation » pour les femmes et « action » pour les hommes. Cette recherche confirme la nécessité de penser la formation initiale et continue des enseignant.e.s quant aux stéréotypes genrés et les processus de transmissions, pour que les problématiques translittéraciques en plein essor ne soient pas marquées par deux pensées essentialistes majeures que sont le sexe et l’âge.
MÉDIATIONS CROISÉES ET PARCOURS D’ÉDITION GENRÉS : UNE ESQUISSE DE LA FIGURE ADOULESCENTE
Authors: Courbières Caroline
Published: June 2018

Le jeune, qu’on le nomme ado, préado, ou jeune adulte, constitue une catégorie instable que les langages d’indexation et les acteurs du monde du livre entreprennent de définir, notamment à travers ses pratiques de lecture. L’étude croisée du discours documentaire (en l’occurrence, le langage RAMEAU et la classification CLIL) et de celui des maisons d’édition permet de cerner les contours de la figure adoulescente et de questionner le genre, aussi bien social que littéraire. On observe in fine un marquage sexuel, à la fois dans la définition de son identité et dans la structuration de l’offre éditoriale jeunesse.
FORMER DES ENSEIGNANTS PAR LE BIAIS D’ENVIRONNEMENTS D’APPRENTISSAGE NUMÉRIQUES MULTIMODAUX
Authors: Longuet Frédérique
Published: June 2018

Notre recherche part d’un double constat. D’une part, la didactique de l’écrit en langues s’inscrit plus dans une tradition scolaire, normative et conventionnelle, que dans une relation entre l’écrit et son environnement social. D’autre part, nos enseignants stagiaires sont issus de ce dispositif scolaire et universitaire normatif. La question est donc simple : est-il possible de former des enseignants qui ne se bornent pas à reproduire cette didactique de l’écrit normé ?

Notre démarche scientifique s’inspire des théories autour de la multimodalité et de l’enseignant designer. Les données recueillies et analysées sont constituées des dialogues et des productions multimodales des enseignants stagiaires. Cette recherche, bien que limitée, montre que tous les enseignants stagiaires ont acquis des compétences translittéraciques sans formation préalable. Ils ont aussi pu concevoir de nouveaux designs pédagogiques, translittéraciques et multimodaux de grande qualité.
GESTES POUR ÉCRIRE ET LIRE À L’HEURE DES APPAREILS NUMÉRIQUES
Authors: Buim Arena Dagoberto , Pastorello Buim Arena Adriana , Meyer Jean-Paul
Published: June 2018

Les écrans et claviers tactiles utilisés par les enfants et les adolescents font émerger de nouveaux gestes d’écriture et de lecture, qui semblent modifier les habitudes acquises par chacun lors de l’apprentissage du lire/écrire. Le but de cet essai est de penser à ces nouveaux gestes de trois points de vue. La première partie de la réflexion se base sur les travaux anthropologiques de Leroi-Gourhan (2008a, 2008b), mettant en évidence la relation évolutive entre les supports, les gestes, le temps et les espaces culturels. La deuxième partie analyse les recommandations ministérielles françaises — de 2006, 2011 et 2015 — concernant l’enseignement des gestes d’écriture. La troisième partie prend appui sur les travaux de Bouchardon (2011) pour analyser les gestes émergents créés par les lecteurs sur support numérique. Les résultats mettent en évidence la nécessité d’intégrer des gestes émergents dans la culture de l’école comme moyen de valoriser la diversité des gestes, des outils et des supports de lecture et d’écriture.
CRAYON OU CLAVIER ? EFFETS DE L’OUTIL D’ÉCRITURE SUR LES PERFORMANCES GRAPHOMOTRICES ET RÉDACTIONNELLES D’ÉLÈVES DE SIXIÈME ANNÉE
Authors: Pleau Joannie , Lavoie Natalie
Published: June 2018

De nos jours, le crayon côtoie le clavier obligeant la maitrise par l’élève du script ou de la cursive et de la saisie au clavier. Même si leur automatisation favorise l’écriture de textes, peu d’attention est portée à ces modalités d’écriture. Cette situation a motivé la réalisation d’une étude comparant les performances (graphomotrices, rédactionnelles) d’élèves de 6e année (N= 84) en fonction de l’outil d’écriture (crayon, clavier). Les résultats aux tâches d’écriture (écriture de l’alphabet [1 min] ; écriture d’un résumé) révèlent que le clavier favoriserait la vitesse d’écriture (groupes script et cursive) et la production de textes plus longs et mieux détaillés (groupe cursive). Ces résultats suggèrent donc que le clavier serait favorable aux performances rédactionnelles.
LA FORMATION À L’ÉCRITURE NUMÉRIQUE : 20 RECOMMANDATIONS POUR PASSER DU PAPIER À L’ÉCRAN
Authors: Lacelle Nathalie , Lebrun Monique
Published: June 2018

Afin de cerner le processus d’écriture numérique, son enseignement et son évaluation, les auteures ont interrogé les bases de données récentes par thèmes (processus, stratégies, compétences, matérialité, genres et évaluation de l’écriture numérique). L’article présente tout d’abord les caractéristiques génériques de l’écriture numérique, soit l’hypertextualité, un design adapté, l’interactivité, la multimodalité et la collaboration. Il formule ensuite, sur cette base, vingt recommandations documentées pour favoriser son enseignement à l’école. Ces recommandations vont des précautions technologiques à prendre aux questions éthiques, en passant par des conseils à propos de la structure des textes, des compétences à privilégier, des ressources auxquelles recourir et des suggestions quant aux modalités didactiques d’application.
L’album documentaire, un incontournable pour favoriser l’entrée dans l’écrit
Authors: Boudreau Monica , Beaudoin Isabelle
Published: June 2018

Le recours aux albums documentaires fournit aux enfants un éventail de thèmes diversifiés susceptibles non seulement de rejoindre leurs différents besoins et intérêts, mais également de répondre aux diverses visées pédagogiques des enseignants (Guérette, Roberge, Bader et Carrier, 2007; Prévost et Morin, 2011). En plus de l’attrait qu’ils exercent auprès des enfants, ces albums constituent des ressources tout indiquées pour stimuler le développement de compétences langagières sous-tendant l’apprentissage de la lecture, de l’écriture et de la communication orale. En effet, la lecture interactive d’albums documentaires peut contribuer, entre autres, à l’acquisition d’un vocabulaire plus abstrait, à l’enrichissement des connaissances sur le monde et à la découverte de connaissances sur l’écrit (Giasson, 2011). D’autre part, les images qui accompagnent ces ouvrages soutiennent la compréhension du texte que se construisent les enfants. À cet effet, elles leur fournissent un support visuel qui leur permet de donner un sens aux ouvrages consultés. Cet article, qui propose une réflexion didactique, souhaite : 1) définir les types d’albums documentaires susceptibles d’être utilisés auprès des lecteurs émergents et débutants; 2) présenter le potentiel que représente ce genre littéraire auprès de cette clientèle; 3) aborder différentes façons d’animer la lecture interactive d’albums documentaires auprès des enfants du préscolaire et du premier cycle du primaire.
LES PRATIQUES PÉDAGOGIQUES DE LITTÉRATIE MÉDIATIQUE MULTIMODALE EN FRANÇAIS JUGÉES MOTIVANTES PAR DES ÉLÈVES DU 3E CYCLE DU PRIMAIRE EN MILIEU DÉFAVORISÉ
Authors: Chaput Kim
Published: June 2018

Certaines données soulignées dans des rapports parus en 2013 sur le niveau de littératie des Canadiens sont alarmantes, particulièrement chez les Québécois. Les statistiques récentes indiquent que 14,2 % de la population adulte âgée entre 16 et 25 ans n’atteint pas un niveau de littératie souhaité pour fonctionner au quotidien (Statistique Canada, 2013). Pour s’assurer que les adultes de demain atteignent en plus grand nombre le niveau de littératie souhaitée, il importe d’agir tôt dans la scolarité. Sachant que la complexité des communications d’aujourd’hui exige des habiletés de littératie de plus en plus élevées (Conseil canadien pour l’apprentissage [CCA], janvier, 2008), ce constat est préoccupant. La maîtrise des compétences informationnelles liées à la lecture et à la compréhension des textes multiples (textes numériques ou imprimés combinant au moins deux modes sémiotiques) réfère au concept de littératie médiatique multimodale (LMM). Ce concept comporte une visée motivationnelle (Lebrun, Lacelle et Boutin, 2013) qui gagne à être approfondie puisqu’elle est très peu développée actuellement. Conséquemment, cette recherche s’intéresse aux pratiques pédagogiques de LMM en français langue d’enseignement qui sont jugées motivantes par des élèves du 3ecycle du primaire de milieu défavorisé.