bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From design to action: participatory approach to capacity building needs for local overdose response plans
Authors: Mallakin Maryam , Dery Christina , Woldemariam Yordanos , Hamilton Michael , Corace Kim , Pauly Bernie , Khorasheh Triti , AbuAyyash Caroline Bennett , Leece Pamela , Sellen Katherine
Published: April 2023

Background

In response to the rise in opioid-related deaths, communities across Ontario have developed opioid or overdose response plans to address issues at the local level. Public Health Ontario (PHO) leads the Community Opioid / Overdose Capacity Building (COM-CAP) project, which aims to reduce overdose-related harms at the community level by working with communities to identify, develop, and evaluate capacity building supports for local needs around overdose planning. The ‘From Design to Action’ co-design workshop used a participatory design approach to engage communities in identifying the requirements for capacity building support.

Methods

A participatory approach (co-design) provided opportunity for collaborative discussion around capacity building needs at the community level. The co-design workshop included three structured collaborative activities to 1) prioritize scenarios that illustrated various challenges associated with community overdose response planning, 2) prioritize the challenges within each scenario and 3) prioritize the supports to address each of these challenges. It was conducted with fifty-two participants involved in opioid/overdose-related response plans in Ontario. Participatory materials were informed by the results of a situational assessment (SA) data gathering process, including survey, interview, and focus group data. A voting system, including dot stickers and discussion notes, was applied to identify priority supports and delivery mechanisms.

Results

At the workshop, key challenges and top-priority supports were identified, for development and implementation. The prioritized challenges were organized into five categories of capacity building supports addressing: 1) stigma & equity; 2) trust-based relationships, consensus building & on-going communication; 3) knowledge development & on-going access to information and data; 4) tailored strategies and plan adaptation to changing structures and local context; and 5) structural enablers and responsive governance.

Conclusion

Using a participatory approach, the workshop provided an opportunity for sharing, generating, and mobilizing knowledge to address research-practice gaps at the community level for opioid response planning. The application of health design methods such as the ‘From Design to Action’ co-design workshop supports teams to gain a deeper understanding of needs for capacity building as well as illustrating the application of participatory approaches in identifying capacity building needs for complex public health issues such as the overdose crisis.
Development and assessment of a curriculum model for virtual simulation in nursing: curriculum development and pilot-evaluation
Authors: Shin Hyunsook , Rim Dahae
Published: April 2023

Background

To introduce virtual simulation as a strategy of nursing education and provide valid educational content, the best curriculum model of virtual simulation needs to be developed.

Methods

Curriculum development process and pilot evaluation was used. The curriculum content and structure was developed by analyzing literature including previous studies and major nursing classification systems, and key words derived from focus group interviews of 14 nurses and 20 faculty members with expertise in simulation education. 35 nursing students participated in the evaluation of the developed virtual simulation curriculum.

Results

The curriculum developed for virtual simulation in nursing education contained three domains of content areas: (1) enhancing clinical decision-making, (2) experiencing low-exposed situations, and (3) building professional resilience. In addition, seven subdomains of content areas and 35 representative topics in the virtual simulation curriculum were derived. Scenarios of nine representative topics were created, translated into 3D modeling and pilot-evaluated.

Conclusions

Considering that nursing education is encountering new demands and challenges from students and the changing society, the newly suggested curriculum for virtual nursing simulation can help nurse educators to plan better educational opportunities for students.
Pregnant women’s use and attitude toward Mobile phone features for self-management
Authors: Nabovati Ehsan , Farzandipour Mehrdad , Vahedpoor Zahra , Akbari Hossein , Anvari Shima , Sharif Reihane , Fatehi Farhad
Published: April 2023

Background

This study aimed to examine the current use of mobile phones by pregnant women and their attitudes towards the use of a variety of prenatal care services through mHealth.

Methods

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Iran in 2021. The study population included 168 pregnant women who referred to specialist obstetrics and gynecology clinic. The data collection tool was a questionnaire that included the demographics of the participants, their current mobile phone usage, and their attitudes toward mobile phone use for prenatal care services. The data were analyzed in SPSS with descriptive and analytical statistics.

Results

The majority of participants (84.2%) had a smartphone and access to mobile internet. More than half of the respondents (58.9%) used their mobile phone for (only) phone calls, and 36.7% occasionally used mobile internet to access prenatal care services. To get information about the pregnancy and to communicate with other pregnant women, the participants mainly used social media, and to get reminders, they preferred phone calls.

Conclusions

In this study, pregnant women have a positive attitude towards using mobile phones for obtaining health services and prefer social media to seek prenatal care services. There seems to be a need for pregnant women to have high levels of digital health literacy and be advised by healthcare providers on using this technology to access prenatal care services.
The trajectory of clinical responses in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis who achieve sustained remission in response to abatacept: subanalysis of AVERT-2, a randomized phase IIIb study
Authors: Emery Paul , Tanaka Yoshiya , Bykerk Vivian P. , Bingham Clifton O. , Huizinga Thomas W. J. , Citera Gustavo , Huang Kuan-Hsiang Gary , Wu Chun , Connolly Sean E. , Elbez Yedid , Wong Robert , Lozenski Karissa , Fleischmann Roy
Published: April 2023

Background

AVERT-2 (a phase IIIb, two-stage study) evaluated abatacept + methotrexate versus methotrexate alone, in methotrexate-naive, anti-citrullinated protein antibody-positive patients with early (≤ 6 months), active RA. This subanalysis investigated whether individual patients who achieved the week 24 Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI) remission primary endpoint could sustain remission to 1 year and then maintain it following changes in therapy.

Methods

During the 56-week induction period (IP), patients were randomized to weekly subcutaneous abatacept 125 mg + methotrexate or abatacept placebo + methotrexate. Patients completing the IP who achieved SDAI remission (≤ 3.3) at weeks 40 and 52 entered a 48-week de-escalation (DE) period. Patients treated with abatacept + methotrexate were re-randomized to continue weekly abatacept + methotrexate, or de-escalate and then withdraw abatacept (after 24 weeks), or receive abatacept monotherapy. Proportions of patients achieving sustained SDAI and Boolean remission, and Disease Activity Score in 28 joints using C-reactive protein (DAS28 [CRP]) < 2.6, were assessed. For patients achieving early sustained SDAI remission at weeks 24/40/52, flow between disease activity categories and individual trajectories was evaluated; flow was also evaluated for later remitters (weeks 40/52 but not week 24).

Results

Among patients treated with abatacept + methotrexate (n/N = 451/752) at IP week 24, 22% achieved SDAI remission, 17% achieved Boolean remission, and 42% achieved DAS28 (CRP) < 2.6; of these, 56%, 58%, and 74%, respectively, sustained a response throughout IP weeks 40/52. Among patients with a sustained response at IP weeks 24/40/52, 82% (14/17) on weekly abatacept + methotrexate, 81% (13/16) on abatacept monotherapy, 63% (12/19) who de-escalated/withdrew abatacept, and 65% (11/17) on abatacept placebo + methotrexate were in SDAI remission at end of the DE period; rates were higher than for later remitters in all arms except abatacept placebo + methotrexate.

Conclusions

A high proportion of individual patients achieving clinical endpoints at IP week 24 with abatacept + methotrexate sustained their responses through week 52. Of patients achieving early and sustained SDAI remission through 52 weeks, numerically more maintained remission during the DE period if weekly abatacept treatment continued.

Trial registration

NCT02504268 (ClinicalTrials.gov), registered July 21, 2015.
Large multi-ethnic genetic analyses of amyloid imaging identify new genes for Alzheimer disease
Authors: Ali Muhammad , Archer Derek B. , Gorijala Priyanka , Western Daniel , Timsina Jigyasha , Fernández Maria V. , Wang Ting-Chen , Satizabal Claudia L. , Yang Qiong , Beiser Alexa S. , Wang Ruiqi , Chen Gengsheng , Gordon Brian , Benzinger Tammie L. S. , Xiong Chengjie , Morris John C. , Bateman Randall J. , Karch Celeste M. , McDade Eric , Goate Alison , Seshadri Sudha , Mayeux Richard P. , Sperling Reisa A. , Buckley Rachel F. , Johnson Keith A. , Won Hong-Hee , Jung Sang-Hyuk , Kim Hang-Rai , Seo Sang Won , Kim Hee Jin , Mormino Elizabeth , Laws Simon M. , Fan Kang-Hsien , Kamboh M. Ilyas , Vemuri Prashanthi , Ramanan Vijay K. , Yang Hyun-Sik , Wenzel Allen , Rajula Hema Sekhar Reddy , Mishra Aniket , Dufouil Carole , Debette Stephanie , Lopez Oscar L. , DeKosky Steven T. , Tao Feifei , Nagle Michael W. ,   Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (Knight ADRC),   the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network (DIAN),   Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI),   ADNI-DOD, A4 Study Team,   the Australian Imaging Biomarkers, Lifestyle (AIBL) Study, Hohman Timothy J. , Sung Yun Ju , Dumitrescu Logan , Cruchaga Carlos
Published: April 2023

Amyloid PET imaging has been crucial for detecting the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) deposits in the brain and to study Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We performed a genome-wide association study on the largest collection of amyloid imaging data (N = 13,409) to date, across multiple ethnicities from multicenter cohorts to identify variants associated with brain amyloidosis and AD risk. We found a strong APOE signal on chr19q.13.32 (top SNP: APOE ɛ4; rs429358; β = 0.35, SE = 0.01, P = 6.2 × 10–311, MAF = 0.19), driven by APOE ɛ4, and five additional novel associations (APOE ε2/rs7412; rs73052335/rs5117, rs1081105, rs438811, and rs4420638) independent of APOE ɛ4. APOE ɛ4 and ε2 showed race specific effect with stronger association in Non-Hispanic Whites, with the lowest association in Asians. Besides the APOE, we also identified three other genome-wide loci: ABCA7 (rs12151021/chr19p.13.3; β = 0.07, SE = 0.01, P = 9.2 × 10–09, MAF = 0.32), CR1 (rs6656401/chr1q.32.2; β = 0.1, SE = 0.02, P = 2.4 × 10–10, MAF = 0.18) and FERMT2 locus (rs117834516/chr14q.22.1; β = 0.16, SE = 0.03, P = 1.1 × 10–09, MAF = 0.06) that all colocalized with AD risk. Sex-stratified analyses identified two novel female-specific signals on chr5p.14.1 (rs529007143, β = 0.79, SE = 0.14, P = 1.4 × 10–08, MAF = 0.006, sex-interaction P = 9.8 × 10–07) and chr11p.15.2 (rs192346166, β = 0.94, SE = 0.17, P = 3.7 × 10–08, MAF = 0.004, sex-interaction P = 1.3 × 10–03). We also demonstrated that the overall genetic architecture of brain amyloidosis overlaps with that of AD, Frontotemporal Dementia, stroke, and brain structure-related complex human traits. Overall, our results have important implications when estimating the individual risk to a population level, as race and sex will needed to be taken into account. This may affect participant selection for future clinical trials and therapies.
Metabolic mechanism of astaxanthin biosynthesis in Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous in response to sodium citrate treatment
Authors: Pan Xueshan , Li Tonggang , Wang Baobei , Qi Shuhua , Yang Dandan , Huang Zheng , Gao Renfei , Li Jingyan , Ling Xueping , Lu Yinghua
Published: April 2023

Astaxanthin is an important ketocarotenoid widely used in industries. However, its application is limited because of its low yield. Sodium citrate (Na-citrate), one of the major carbon sources for microorganisms, can promote cell growth and product accumulation. The basidiomycetous red yeast Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous was thus used to study the effect of Na-citrate on cell growth and astaxanthin synthesis. The highest biomass and astaxanthin yield (6.0 g/L and 22.5 mg/L) were obtained in shake-flask when 3 g/L Na-citrate was added at 24 h and were 1.8 and 2.0 times higher than those of the control group, respectively. Furthermore, metabolomics and real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis were conducted to study the metabolic pathways of X. dendrorhous in response to Na-citrate. The qRT-PCR assay revealed that Na-citrate facilitated glucose consumption, promoted the metabolic flux from glycolysis, and regulated the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, providing more energy and substrates for the synthesis of astaxanthin. The gene analysis revealed that adding Na-citrate significantly upregulated the expression of six key genes (ICL, HMGS, crtE, crtYB, crtI, and crtS) involved in pathways related to astaxanthin biosynthesis. These results suggest that exogenous Na-citrate treatment is a potentially valuable strategy to stimulate astaxanthin production in X. dendrorhous.
Regeneration of the heart: from molecular mechanisms to clinical therapeutics
Authors: Guo Qian-Yun , Yang Jia-Qi , Feng Xun-Xun , Zhou Yu-Jie
Published: April 2023

Heart injury such as myocardial infarction leads to cardiomyocyte loss, fibrotic tissue deposition, and scar formation. These changes reduce cardiac contractility, resulting in heart failure, which causes a huge public health burden. Military personnel, compared with civilians, is exposed to more stress, a risk factor for heart diseases, making cardiovascular health management and treatment innovation an important topic for military medicine. So far, medical intervention can slow down cardiovascular disease progression, but not yet induce heart regeneration. In the past decades, studies have focused on mechanisms underlying the regenerative capability of the heart and applicable approaches to reverse heart injury. Insights have emerged from studies in animal models and early clinical trials. Clinical interventions show the potential to reduce scar formation and enhance cardiomyocyte proliferation that counteracts the pathogenesis of heart disease. In this review, we discuss the signaling events controlling the regeneration of heart tissue and summarize current therapeutic approaches to promote heart regeneration after injury.
The gut microbiome of solitary bees is mainly affected by pathogen assemblage and partially by land use
Authors: Fernandez De Landa Gregorio , Alberoni Daniele , Baffoni Loredana , Fernandez De Landa Mateo , Revainera Pablo Damian , Porrini Leonardo Pablo , Brasesco Constanza , Quintana Silvina , Zumpano Francisco , Eguaras Martìn Javier , Maggi Matias Daniel , Di Gioia Diana
Published: April 2023

Pollinators, including solitary bees, are drastically declining worldwide. Among the factors contributing to this decline, bee pathogens and different land uses are of relevance. The link between the gut microbiome composition and host health has been recently studied for social pollinators (e.g. honeybees), whereas the information related to solitary bees is sparse. This work aimed at the characterization of the gut microbiome of the solitary bees Xylocopa augusti, Eucera fervens and Lasioglossum and attempted to correlate the gut microbial composition with the presence and load of different pathogens and land uses. Solitary bees were sampled in different sites (i.e. a farm, a natural reserve, and an urban plant nursery) showing different land uses. DNA was extracted from the gut, 16S rRNA gene amplified and sequenced. Eight pathogens, known for spillover from managed bees to wild ones, were quantified with qPCR. The results showed that the core microbiome profile of the three solitary bees significantly varied in the different species. Pseudomonas was found as the major core taxa in all solitary bees analyzed, whereas Lactobacillus, Spiroplasma and Sodalis were the second most abundant taxa in X. augusti, E. fervens and Lasioglossum, respectively. The main pathogens detected with qPCR were Nosema ceranae, Nosema bombi and Crithidia bombi, although differently abundant in the different bee species and sampling sites. Most microbial taxa did not show any correlation with the land use, apart from Snodgrassella and Nocardioides, showing higher abundances on less anthropized sites. Conversely, the pathogens species and load strongly affected the gut microbial composition, with Bifidobacterium, Apibacter, Serratia, Snodgrassella and Sodalis abundance that positively or negatively correlated with the detected pathogens load. Therefore, pathogens presence and load appear to be the main factor shaping the gut microbiome of solitary bees in Argentina.
Advanced pathophysiology mimicking lung models for accelerated drug discovery
Authors: Phan Thanh Huyen , Shi Huaikai , Denes Christopher E. , Cole Alexander J. , Wang Yiwei , Cheng Yuen Yee , Hesselson Daniel , Roelofs Susan H. , Neely Graham Gregory , Jang Jun-Hyeog , Chrzanowski Wojciech
Published: April 2023

Background

Respiratory diseases are the 2
nd
 leading cause of death globally. The current treatments for chronic lung diseases are only supportive. Very few new classes of therapeutics have been introduced for lung diseases in the last 40 years, due to the lack of reliable lung models that enable rapid, cost-effective, and high-throughput testing. To accelerate the development of new therapeutics for lung diseases, we established two classes of lung-mimicking models: (i) healthy, and (ii) diseased lungs – COPD.

Methods

To establish models that mimic the lung complexity to different extents, we used five design components: (i) cell type, (ii) membrane structure/constitution, (iii) environmental conditions, (iv) cellular arrangement, (v) substrate, matrix structure and composition. To determine whether the lung models are reproducible and reliable, we developed a quality control (QC) strategy, which integrated the real-time and end-point quantitative and qualitative measurements of cellular barrier function, permeability, tight junctions, tissue structure, tissue composition, and cytokine secretion.

Results

The healthy model is characterised by (i) continuous tight junctions, (ii) physiological cellular barrier function, (iii) a full thickness epithelium composed of multiple cell layers, and (iv) the presence of ciliated cells and goblet cells. Meanwhile, the disease model emulates human COPD disease: (i) dysfunctional cellular barrier function, (ii) depletion of ciliated cells, and (ii) overproduction of goblet cells. The models developed here have multiple competitive advantages when compared with existing in vitro lung models: (i) the macroscale enables multimodal and correlative characterisation of the same model system, (ii) the use of cells derived from patients that enables the creation of individual models for each patient for personalised medicine, (iii) the use of an extracellular matrix proteins interface, which promotes physiological cell adhesion and differentiation, (iv) media microcirculation that mimics the dynamic conditions in human lungs.

Conclusion

Our model can be utilised to test safety, efficacy, and superiority of new therapeutics as well as to test toxicity and injury induced by inhaled pollution or pathogens. It is envisaged that these models can also be used to test the protective function of new therapeutics for high-risk patients or workers exposed to occupational hazards.

Graphical Abstract
Comparative study of CT-scan modality with MRI modality findings in patients suspected of COVID-19
Authors: Ardekani Mohammad Sobhan , Redaei Maryam , Ghasemipour Samaneh , Ameri Ahmad Zahra
Published: April 2023

Background

CT-scan and MRI are both best of radiologic modalities with different advantages and disadvantages. In this study, we aimed to evaluate and compare the features of COVID-19 pneumonia in these two modalities. Fifty-three suspected COVID-19 patients who presented to our emergency ward underwent chest CT and, once various features of COVID-19 pneumonia were identified, a dedicated multi-sequence chest MRI was performed on the same day with an institutional protocol. Demographic data and the morphology, laterality and location of the lesions were recorded for each case.

Results

Thirty-seven males and sixteen females with the mean age of 47.49 ± 13.86 years old were present in this case series. Fifty-one cases had typical CT features with ground glass opacities and consolidations, readily visible on different MRI sequences. Thirteen cases had atelectasis which were also easily seen on MRI. The comprehensive review of MRI features for each case and representative images has been illustrated.

Conclusion

We can suggest MRI as an alternative choice of CT-scan for diagnosis COVID-19 pneumonia according to the revealed results, it can be a logical choice in the suspected cases.
Long-term Effectiveness and Safety of GH Replacement Therapy in Adults ≥60 Years: Data From NordiNet® IOS and ANSWER
Authors: Biller Beverly M K , Höybye Charlotte , Ferran Jean-Marc , Kelepouris Nicky , Nedjatian Navid , Olsen Anne Helene , Weber Matthias M , Gordon Murray B
Published: April 2023

Context

Effectiveness and safety data on GH replacement therapy (GHRT) in older adults with adult GH deficiency (AGHD) are limited.

Objective

To compare GHRT safety and clinical outcomes in older (≥60 years and, for some outcomes, ≥75 years) and middle-aged (35–<60 years) patients with AGHD.

Design/setting

Ten-year follow-up, real-world data from 2 large noninterventional studies—NordiNet® International Outcome Study (IOS) and the American Norditropin® Studies: Web-Enabled Research (ANSWER) Program—were analyzed.

Patients

GH-naïve and non-naïve patients with AGHD.

Intervention

Norditropin® (somatropin).

Main outcome measures

Outcomes included GH exposure, IGF-I standard deviation scores (SDS), body mass index (BMI), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serious and nonserious adverse reactions (SARs and NSARs, respectively), and serious adverse events (SAEs). Adverse reactions were events with possible/probable causal relationship to GHRT.

Results

The effectiveness analysis set comprised 545 middle-aged and 214 older patients (19 aged ≥75 years) from NordiNet® IOS. The full analysis set comprised 1696 middle-aged and 652 older patients (59 aged ≥75 years) from both studies. Mean GH doses were higher in middle-aged vs older patients. For both age groups and sexes, mean IGF-I SDS increased following GHRT, while BMI and HbA1c changes were similar and small.

Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) did not differ statistically between older and middle-aged patients for NSARs [IRR (mean, 95% confidence interval) 1.05 (.60; 1.83)] or SARs [.40 (.12; 1.32)]. SAEs were more frequent in older than middle-aged patients [IRR 1.84 (1.29; 2.62)].

Conclusion

Clinical outcomes of GHRT in AGHD were similar in middle-aged and older patients, with no significantly increased risk of GHRT-related adverse reactions in older patients.
Accuracy, Deference, and Chance
Authors: Levinstein Benjamin A.
Published: April 2023

Chance both guides our credences and is an objective feature of the world. How and why we should conform our credences to chance depends on the underlying metaphysical account of what chance is. I use considerations of accuracy (how close your credences come to truth-values) to propose a new way of deferring to chance. The principle I endorse, called the Trust Principle, requires chance to be a good guide to the world, permits modest chances, tells us how to listen to chance even when the chances are modest, and entails but is not entailed by the New Principle. As I show, a rational agent will obey this principle if and only if she expects chance to be at least as accurate as she is on every good way of measuring accuracy. Much of the discussion, and the technical results, extend beyond chance to deference to any kind of expert. Indeed, you will trust someone about a particular question just in case you expect that person to be more accurate than you are about that question.
Biased Beliefs in Search Markets
Authors: Gamp Tobias , Krähmer Daniel
Published: April 2023

We study the implications of biased consumer beliefs for search market outcomes in the seminal framework due to Diamond (1971). Biased consumers base their search strategy on a belief function that specifies for any (true) distribution of utility offers in the market a possibly incorrect distribution of utility offers. If biased consumers overestimate the best offer in the market, a novel type of equilibrium may emerge in which firms make exceptionally favorable offers in order to meet biased consumers’ unreasonably high expectations, which then become partially self-fulfilling. Consequently, the presence of biased consumers may improve the welfare of all consumers. (JEL D11, D21, D83, D84)
The Doors of Perception: Theory and Evidence of Frame-Dependent Rationalizability
Authors: Charness Gary , Sontuoso Alessandro
Published: April 2023

We investigate how strategic behavior is affected by the set of notions (frames) used when thinking about the game. In our games the action set consists of visual objects: each player must privately choose one, trying to match the counterpart’s choice. We propose a model where different player-types are aware of different attributes of the action set (hence, different frames). One of the novelties is an epistemic structure that allows players to think about new frames, after initial unawareness of some attributes. To test the model, our experimental design brings about multiple frames by varying subjects’ awareness of several attributes. (JEL C72, C78, C91, D83)
Markets with Within-Type Adverse Selection
Authors: Nguyen Anh , Tan Teck Yong
Published: April 2023

We study bilateral trade with a seller owning multiple units of a good, where each unit is of binary quality. The seller privately knows her “type”—defined by the number of lemons that she owns—and which units in her endowments are the lemons (“ within-type adverse selection”). We characterize the set of informationally constrained Pareto optimal allocations and show that every such allocation must involve a trade characterized by a threshold λ ∗, with types having less (more) than λ ∗ units of lemons selling only their lemons (selling their entire endowment). We provide conditions for a distribution shift that give Pareto-improving allocations. (JEL D82, D86, L15)
Robot-assisted homecare: A user study on needs and challenges
Authors: Su Zhidong , Liang Fei , Sheng Weihua , Bishop Alex
Published: April 2023

Background: As the older adult population increases there is a great need of developing smart healthcare technologies to assist older adults. Robot-based homecare systems are a promising solution to achieving this goal. This study aims to summarize the recent research in homecare robots, understand user needs and identify the future research directions.

Methods: First, we present an overview of the state-of-the-art in homecare robots, including the design and functions of our previously developed ASCC Companion Robot (ASCCBot). Second, we conducted a user study to understand the stake-

holders’ opinions and needs regarding homecare robots. Finally, we proposed the future research directions in this exciting research area in response to the existing problems.

Results: Our user study shows that most of the interviewees emphasized the importance of medication reminder and fall detection functions. The stakeholders also emphasized the functions to enhance the connection between older adults and their families and friends, as well as the functions to improve the efficiency and productivity of the caregivers. We also identified three major future directions in this exciting research area: human-machine interface, learning and adaptation, and privacy protection.

Conclusions: The user study discovered some new useful functions that the stakeholders want to have and also validated the developed functions of the ASCCBot. The three major future directions in the homecare robot research area were identified.
Reading and math skills of students with special educational needs in regular and special classes
Authors: Sigus Hardi , Soodla Piret , Mädamürk Kaja
Published: April 2023

Selle uurimistöö eesmärk on kirjeldada hariduslike erivajadustega (HEV) õpilaste lugemis- ja matemaatikaoskuste seoseid tava- või eriklassis õppimisega. Valimisse kuulus 3369 kolmanda klassi last (poisse 50%, 209 klassist, 135 koolist) ning 3340 kuuenda klassi last (poisse 51%, 200 klassist, 134 koolist) eesti- ja venekeelsetest koolidest. Õpilased täitsid koolitundide ajal veebipõhised lugemise ladususe, loetu mõistmise, arvutamise ja tekstülesannete testid. Tulemustest selgus, et tava- ja eriklassis õppivate HEV õpilaste lugemis- ja matemaatikaoskused olid sarnasel tasemel, välja arvatud vene õppekeelega koolide kuuendates klassides, kus tavaklassis õppivad HEV õpilased said tekstülesannete lahendamises kõrgema skoori võrreldes eriklassis õppivate HEV õpilastega. Uuring annab esmase ülevaate eesti- ja venekeelsete koolide kolmandate ja kuuendate klasside HEV õpilaste kaasamise olukorrast ja akadeemilistest oskustest.

 Summary
Endovascular treatment of Takayasu arteritis in a middle-aged woman with syncope and limb claudication: a case report
Authors: Choi Ha-Young , Lee Sunggun , Park Jino , Song Yeo-Jeong , Kim Dong-Kie , Kim Ki-Hun , Seol Sang-Hoon , Kim Doo-Il , Kim Seunghwan
Published: April 2023

Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a disease that causes inflammation and stenosis of medium to large blood vessels. We report a case of a 50-year-old female patient with newly developed hypertension, syncope, and claudication of the extremities. Total occlusion of the left subclavian artery at the origin was found and significant stenosis of the right common iliac artery was revealed by hemodynamic analysis. She was successfully treated with percutaneous angioplasty for multiple peripheral arterial diseases and was finally diagnosed with TA. In consultation with a rheumatologist, medical treatment for TA was initiated, the patient’s hypertension disappeared, and her claudication symptoms improved.
Peculiarities of distance learning technologies application teaching primary school children
Authors: Egurnova Aleksandra , Fisenko Vera
Published: April 2023

The article considers the peculiarities of the use of digital technologies during primary school students’ distance learning, organized under a global pandemic in 2020-2021 on the territory of the Russian Federation. The authors conducted an empirical study among primary school teachers, the purpose of which was to determine their attitude to distance education, in their professional and personal opinions. The methodological basis of the research is an electronic questionnaire about the distance technologies applied, their impact on the educational process and the emotional well-being of young learners, as well as the satisfaction of teachers with the remote form of interaction with students. In conclusion, the authors come to the conclusion about the need for digital adaptation of school children in the modern world of digitalization of the education system.
Child-Adult Community As a Factor in the Formation of a Team at the First Stage of School Education (Part 2)
Authors: Shustova I. , Chirkov I.
Published: April 2023

The article discusses the conditions and means of forming a team in elementary school. As the main aspects, three levels of its development are singled out: a diffuse group, a community, and, in fact, a collective. The criteria for the manifestation of the educational team in the child-adult community are characterized: the general circle, the formation of the class asset, mentoring, the rating system, discipline and self-organization, activity, goal-setting, team building, emotional involvement, the emotional background of the class. Three possible positions of the teacher when working with the class team are identified: authoritarianism, co-management, self-management.
The Study of Chess in a General Education Organization: on the History of the Issue
Authors: Poloudin V.
Published: April 2023

The article is an excursion into the history of the study of chess in the system of Soviet and Russian education. The author analyzes different approaches to the study of chess, but pays special attention to the influence of this process on the development of the logical thinking of modern schoolchildren. A description is given of the implementation of this idea in the education system of the Soviet period and at the present time.
Results of Monitoring the Formation of Teachers’ Soft Skills in Different Age Groups
Authors: Sharonova O. , Fedotenko M.
Published: April 2023

The article presents the results of a monitoring conducted among teachers of different age groups on the subject of attitudes towards soft skills. 960 respondents from 28 regions took part in the monitoring. The age of the respondents ranged from 20 to 75 years old, with an average age of 45 years. The average work experience at school is 22 years. The monitoring questions were designed to identify which skills teachers classify as soft skills, how they assess their own degree of soft skills, and which of them are considered primarily necessary for the successful implementation of professional activities.
Non-melanoma skin cancer of the head and neck
Authors: Roland Nick , Memon Aamir
Published: April 2023

Skin cancer is the most common malignancy in the world, and the majority of cases affect the skin of the head and neck. The face is a particularly emotive area for patients who often present with a lesion that is causing them concern. This article reviews the identification, diagnosis and principles of management of non-melanoma skin cancer of the head and neck. There are many lesions of the skin which are benign and mimic skin cancer. The differential of head and neck skin lesions and how to determine their nature is discussed. The vast majority of non-melanoma skin cancer are basal cell carcinoma, followed by squamous cell carcinoma. These and the other types of non-melanoma skin cancer are described and illustrated. Current methods of clinical identification, diagnosis and evaluation of skin cancers are clarified, and contemporary treatment paradigms are presented.
Weaponising ChatGPT
Authors: Mansfield-Devine Steve
Published: April 2023

Depending on who you ask, ChatGPT is either a great boon to humanity or an existential menace. In the cyber security world, however, it has been characterised as mostly a threat – one that will enable unskilled actors to become potent hackers. What truth is there in the hype? And could ChatGPT and other large language models actually be a force for good?
Causes and prevention of caries (cavities) in dogs
Authors: Ramsden Sarah
Published: April 2023

Caries are difficult to diagnose in their early stages, often going undetected until patients are brought in for dental treatment under general anaesthesia and assessment of teeth is performed. This late detection happens because bacteria infiltrate into the dentine, creating the perfect climate for dentine destruction from within the tooth before any involvement of the enamel is seen. This article will demonstrate how bacteria infiltrate within the oral cavity, and discuss key client communication and education along with outlining preventative oral hygiene measures to prevent caries formation including diet and daily toothbrushing. As always, prevention is better than cure and veterinary nurses are fundamental in the prevention of oral pathologies caused by bacteria.
Comparison of Newly Proposed and Existing Design Approach for Saturated Buffers
Authors: Abdalaal Yousef , Ghane Ehsan
Published: April 2023

Highlights

More diverted flow to the buffer does not necessarily mean more nitrate load removal.

A design approach should incorporate a nitrate removal component to maximize nitrate load removal.

The newly proposed design follows a process-based approach to estimate the annual site-specific nitrate removal.

The newly proposed design provided more consistent nitrate load removal regardless of the site conditions.

Neglecting exit head loss in the design process leads to an overestimation of diverted flow and nitrate load removal.

Abstract. A saturated buffer (SB) is a conservation drainage practice that removes nitrate from subsurface drainage discharge. The reported wide range of nitrate load removal necessitates improvements in design approaches for more consistent performance. There are two SB design approaches: Illinois Natural Resources Conservation Service (Design 1) and McEachran et al. (2020) (Design 2). We proposed a new Design 3 that builds on the previous two designs. In Design 3, the nitrate load removal was simulated for buffer widths ranging from 3 to 30 m with a 0.3-m interval, and the buffer width that maximized the annual nitrate load reduction over the long term was chosen as the SB design. The objective of this study was to identify the best design approaches for maximizing nitrate load removal based on field data. Daily drainage discharge data from two field sites in Michigan were used to design a hypothetical SB length and width for each approach. The designs were compared by applying an identical method to estimate the nitrate load removal for each hypothetical SB system. The method extends Designs 1 and 2 by incorporating a hydrological and nitrate removal component. The results showed that using the minimum recommended buffer width of 9.1 m and the minimum 5% SB design capacity of Design 1 resulted in 25% to 35% of diverted flow to the buffer and 14% to 16% nitrate load removal at the two field sites. However, Design 1 resulted in the lowest nitrate removal compared to Designs 2 and 3 (i.e., 0.3% to 3.4% lower). Designs 2 and 3 consistently provided maximum nitrate load removal regardless of the site conditions, whereas the performance of Design 1 was inconsistent. In conclusion, Designs 2 and 3 were equally good and resulted in higher nitrate load removal compared to Design 1. Keywords: Conservation practice, Exit head loss, Nitrate, Subsurface drainage, Tile drainage, Water quality.
A Low-Profile Wideband Circularly Polarized Metasurface Antenna Based on Characteristic Mode Theory
Authors: Liu Shuangbing , Yang Lixia , Wu Xianliang
Published: April 2023

A novel low-profile wideband circularly polarized metasurface (MTS) antenna is proposed. The characteristic mode analysis is used to investigate the operating mechanism of the MTS antenna. Then, the desired modes are chosen and excited by the annular ring slot combined with an L-shaped microstrip line. Simulation studies revealed that this type of feeding structure effectively excites the desired modes to accomplish wideband circular polarization and high-gain radiation. Experimental results show that the antenna has both the wide impedance bandwidth (IBW) and axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW), with a maximum radiation gain of 9.3 dBi and a −10 dB relative IBW and 3 dB relative ARBW of 39.8% and 30%, respectively.
Broadband Circularly-polarized Crossed-dipole Antenna with Good Gain Stability
Authors: Song Xueyan , Wu Zhiyuan , Li Xuping , Zhang Yunqi , Yang Hailong
Published: April 2023

A broadband Circularly Polarized (CP) cross-dipole antenna with the merit of stable gain is proposed. The designed antenna consists of crossed dipoles, parasitic patches, reflectors, and vertical parasitic plates. By adding parasitic patches and parasitic plates, the circular polarization performance of the antenna is significantly improved. Furthermore, the gain value becomes stable in the entire operating frequency band by modifying the structure of the parasitic plates. The final dimension of the presented antenna is  0.76λ0 X 0.76λ0 X 0.28λ0 (λ0 is the wavelength at the center frequency point in the circularly polarized working frequency band). The measured results depict that the Impedance Bandwidth (IBW) is 80.8% (2.03GHz~4.78GHz) and the Axial Ratio Bandwidth(ARBW) is 68.5% (2.35GHz~4.8GHz). Stable gain values, ranging from 6dBic to 7.5dBic, are obtained in the working frequency band, and the average gain can reach 7dBic.
Los anarquistas españoles Ascaso y Durruti en Bruselas
Authors: Pagès i Blanch Pelai
Published: April 2023

En enero de 1929, dos anarquistas españoles, Francisco Ascaso y José Buenaventura Durruti, rechazados en toda Europa y para quienes la justicia española y también la Argentina solicitaban la extradición, fueron admitidos como exiliados en Bruselas. No era la primera vez que lo intentaban. Pero en esta ocasión fue la definitiva, aunque la policía belga impuso una condición que no deja de ser sorprendente: que cambiasen su nombre. Permanecieron en Bruselas hasta abril de 1931, cuando se instauró la Segunda República en España.
Negrín tenía razón. Reflexiones sobre el planteamiento bélico del doctor
Authors: Torres Fabra Ricard Camil
Published: April 2023

La llegada de Negrín a la Jefatura del Gobierno republicano significó una nueva visión de cómo afrontar la contienda supeditando la política estatal republicana a tal fin. Desde esta perspectiva, se pretende analizar la coherencia de sus decisiones para comprender sus resultados. Negrín, al igual que otros personajes como el propio Azaña era consciente que la guerra española se libraba de forma decisiva en los foros internacionales que en los mismos escenarios de los campos de batalla. Así, el doctor introdujo un nuevo elemento de combate frente al enemigo: el tiempo. Convencido que la situación internacional derivaría en un conflicto a gran escala en Europa, convirtió su política en bélica en el instrumento fundamental dado que también era consciente de lo imposibilidad de una victoria militar republicana ante la abismal superioridad del enemigo. Para Negrín, la conflagración que afectaría a Europa obligaría a las democracias occidentales a socorrer a la Segunda República Española uniéndose a su suerte y para ello realizó todo tipo de maniobras gubernamentales.
Pau Casals: música i compromís en la guerra civil espanyola en el periodisme del moment (1936-1939)
Authors: Figueres Josep M
Published: April 2023

Es presenta l’activitat pública del músic Pau Casals en el decurs dels anys bèl·lics especialment a través de l’estudi de la premsa diària i periòdica així com de fonts arxivístiques. El treball exposa i matisa el comportament públic, vinculat a la Generalitat i a la República, així com l’activitat musical de Casals. Especialment en els tres concerts que efectuà a Barcelona i les gires internacionals amb enregistraments musicals inclosos habituals en la activitat.
LLOYD, Nick (2016). Forgotten places. Barcelona and the Spanish Civil War
Authors: González Vázquez David
Published: April 2023

Forgotten places, Barcelona and the Spanish Civil War It is a book that, published by the same author, presents a collection of almost all spaces that the city of Barcelona has about its history of the Civil War, as well as the stories lived on each one of them.
Fitxa de Fortificació: Sant Pau de la Figuera, l’origen de la Batalla de l’Ebre
Authors: Miró Serra Oriol
Published: April 2023

In the town of Sant Pau de la Figuera you will find La Serra de Sant Pau or Mola de Sant Pau. Small plateau above the Priorat from which the Ebro River is visually dominated. Architecturally, two elements stand out, the hermitage of Sant Pau surrounded by a picnic area and the one that was the point of command of the Battle of the Ebro, 800 meters from the hermitage, all surrounded by pine trees, bushes and terraces which denote an agricultural past of the plateau.
Arqueología de la represión, entre el silencio y la memoria: las fosas comunes del campo de concentración de Albatera (San Isidro, Alicante)
Authors: Mejías López Felipe
Published: April 2023

Entre los meses de abril y noviembre de 1939, recién terminada la Guerra Civil, miles de prisioneros republicanos fueron confinados en el campo de concentración de Albatera. Las condiciones infrahumanas a las que fueron sometidos durante ese periodo de tiempo —hacinamiento, hambre y sed, enfermedades, vejaciones y torturas—, y las ejecuciones arbitrarias que allí se realizaron, al margen de cualquier proceso judicial, ocasionaron un número de muertes todavía por evaluar.El objetivo de este trabajo es dar a conocer los resultados de una investigación que nos ha permitido localizar la ubicación de algunas de las fosas comunes donde fueron arrojados los cuerpos de los represaliados en el campo. Al mismo tiempo, se ha profundizado en el conocimiento de la materialidad de esta instalación represiva —desmantelada y arrasada hasta sus cimientos a principios de 1940— con la identificación exacta de sus límites y de los espacios de frecuentación vinculados con esta durante el tiempo que estuvo en funcionamiento.
Datos, patrones y narrativas: nuevas perspectivas sobre la Guerra Civll y la represión frnaquista a partir de la visualización de datos abiertos
Authors: Rubio Campillo Xavier , Feliu Torruella Maria , González Cantera Tania
Published: April 2023

En los últimos años ha tenido lugar un incremento sustancial de bases de datos y portales en los que consultar información sobre la Guerra Civil Española y la represión franquista. Estos recursos son útiles para encontrar información sobre personas específicas, pero hasta ahora sus usos por parte de investigaciones centradas en dinámicas históricas de mayor escala ha sido escaso. Este artículo presenta nuevas aproximaciones a la información contenida en estas nuevas bases de datos a partir de las Humanidades Digitales. Se analizan los desafíos presentados por portales de consulta en relación a las prácticas científicas actuales y, en especial, en relación a la adopción de políticas Open Data. En segundo lugar se plantea cómo el uso de metodologías cuantitativas de análisis proporciona nuevas perspectivas a la disciplina histórica. Este planteamiento se ejemplifica a partir de dos casos de estudio al que se han aplicado herramientas digitales distintas: a) la distribución espacial de fosas comunes mediante Sistemas de Información Geográfica y b) la magnitud de la represión franquista en Catalunya a partir de la visualización de datos.
De vecinas, migrantes, marginales y turistas. Diversidad cultural y clase social en la producción de vecindad.
Authors: Mompó Eva , Fioravanti Hernán
Published: April 2023

Este artículo analiza cómo se construyen sentidos de pertenencia en territorios atravesados por procesos de precarización, gentrificación y turistificación, poniendo la mirada en el papel del origen cultural y la clase social en estas negociaciones de la identidad vecinal. A partir del trabajo de campo etnográfico en dos barrios de Valencia (Cabanyal y Velluters) mostramos que las políticas urbanas neoliberales han generado transformaciones en las poblaciones en términos de clase social y pertenencia étnico-cultural. La reflexión se centra en movimientos urbanos indagando en las dinámicas de inclusión y exclusión de habitantes de la categoría de vecindad. Asimismo, explora los cambios de percepción sobre los problemas de convivencia: desde el énfasis en la marginalidad y/o la multiculturalidad hacia una creciente conflictividad en torno a la gentrificación y la turistificación. Para concluir, el análisis muestra que el desplazamiento de actores se negocia en el nivel simbólico antes de convertirse en expulsión física.