bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The first results and prospects of medical genetic studies of museum and archaeological samples
Authors: Андреева Т.В. , Быданов А.С. , Гусев Ф.Е. , Рогаев Е.И.
Published: February 2024

Несмотря на впечатляющее успехи археогенетики, медико-генетическая история древнего народонаселения остаётся мало разработанной областью. Работы по исследованию древних геномов отдельных индивидов или групп людей, живших в различные исторические и доисторические периоды, как правило, связаны с изучением их эволюционной и популяционной истории, происхождения и миграций. В обзоре мы рассматриваем перспективность нового направления – патогенетики древних людей. Для корректной медико-генетической интерпретации геномных данных необходимы критерии достоверности, учитывающие особенности древней ДНК: плохую сохранность ДНК, контаминацию современной ДНК человека и микробной ДНК и особенно химические модификации, накапливающиеся в ДНК. Такие модификации ведут к появлению с высокой частотой так называемых “постмортальных” мутаций в древних геномах. К настоящему времени есть лишь единичные работы, посвященные выявлению генов менделирующих заболеваний при анализе древней ДНК, которые будут рассмотрены в обзоре.

Despite the impressive achievements of paleogenetics, the medical and genetic history of ancient populations has yet to be explored in detail. The vast majority of studies on ancient individuals or groups of people who lived in various historical and prehistoric periods focus on their evolutionary and population history, their origin and migrations. Here we discuss the prospects of a new direction – the pathogenetics of ancient people. For correct medical and genetic interpretation of genomic data, reliability criteria have to be established taking into account the specific features of ancient DNA: poor DNA preservation, contamination with modern human and microbial DNA, and, especially, chemical modifications accumulating in DNA. In the sequencing data of ancient genomes these modifications manifest themselves with high frequency in a form of so-called “postmortem” mutations. To date, only a few studies are devoted to the identification of genes of mendelian diseases using ancient DNA, which are discussed in this review.
Development of a universal STR panel for PGT-M for cystic fibrosis, taking into account the specific haplotype of chromosomes carrying the CFTR F508del variant
Authors: Соловьёва Е.В. , Склеймова М.М. , Минайчева Л.И. , Агафонова А.А. , Петрова В.В. , Скрябин Н.А.
Published: February 2024

Введение. Преимплантационное генетическое тестирование (ПГТ) развивается как вариант ранней дородовой профилактики наследственных заболеваний. Таргетный вариант ПГТ моногенного заболевания (ПГТ-М) предусматривает сочетание анализа патогенного генетического варианта и косвенных ДНК-маркеров. Перечень сцепленных с геном CFTR ДНК-маркеров для целей ПГТ муковисцидоза (МВ) варьирует у разных авторов. Цель: разработка панели STR-маркеров для ПГТ МВ. Методы. С использованием данных литературы, баз данных выбраны внутригенные и внегенные STR-маркеры, сцепленные с геном CFTR. Панель маркеров протестирована на образцах ДНК семи семей с МВ, в которых заболевание обусловлено патогенным вариантом F508del. Только в одной семье второй мутацией была CFTRdele2,3(21kb). Для тестирования применяли методы ПЦР и фрагментного анализа на генетическом анализаторе. Результаты. Подобрана панель из 15 основных и 4 дополнительных STR-маркеров. Основная панель STR была достаточно информативна для большинства образцов родителей – носителей патогенного варианта гена CFTR. Дополнительная панель потребовалась в связи с тем, что в одном из изученных образцов наблюдалась низкая информативность по косвенным маркерам вследствие особого гаплотипа, выявленного у одного из обследованных. Заключение. Разработанная нами панель, учитывающая специфический F508del – гаплотип, может служить основой ПГТ МВ.

Background. Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) is developing as a variant of early prenatal prevention of hereditary diseases. Targeted variant PGT for monogenic disease (PGT-M) involves a combination of pathogenic variant and indirect DNA markers analysis. The list of DNA markers linked to the CFTR gene for the purposes of cystic fibrosis PGT (PGT CF) varies by different authors. Aim: development of a panel of STR-markers for PGT CF. Methods Intragenic and extragenic STR markers linked to the CFTR gene were selected using scientific literature data and databases. The panel of markers was tested on DNA samples from seven families with CF, in which the disease is caused by the pathogenic F508del variant. Only one family had CFTRdele2,3(21kb) as the second mutation. For testing, PCR and fragment analysis methods were used. Results. 15 main and 4 additional STR markers have been selected for a panel. Most of the samples of the parents carrying the pathogenic variant of the CFTR gene confirmed the sufficient information content of the main STR panel. An additional panel was required due to the fact that one of the studied samples revealed low information rate for linked markers because of a special haplotype of the chromosome carrying the normal allele. Conclusions. The developed panel, taking into account the specific F508del haplotype, can serve as a basis for PGT CF.
Using Chiral Auxiliaries to Mimic the Effect of Chiral Media on the Structure of Lanthanide(III) Complexes Common in Bioimaging and Diagnostic MRI
Authors: Nielsen Lea , Andersen Helene O B , Kenwright Alan , Platas-Iglesias Carlos , Sorensen Thomas just
Published: February 2024

[Ln·DOTA]- complexes, and systems derived therefrom, are commonly used in MRI and optical bioimaging. These lanthanide(III) complexes are chiral and, in solution, they are present in eight forms, two sets of four uncapped and four capped forms. Each set of four consist of two sets of enatiomers, with the ligand backbone in either a square antiprismatic, SAP, or twisted square antiprismatic geometry, TSAP. This complex speciation is found in laboratory samples. To investigate speciation in biological media, when Ln·DOTA-like complexes interact with chiral biomolecules, six Eu·DOTA-monoamide complexes were prepared and investigated using 1D and 2D 1H NMR. To emulate the chirality of biological media, the amide pendant arm was modified with one or two chiral centers. It was known that a chiral center on the DOTA scaffold significantly influences the properties of the system. Here, it was found that chirality much further away from the metal changes the available conformational space, and that both chiral centers and cis/trans isomerism are important, a fact that, for the optically pure materials, led to the conclusion that sixteen forms had to be considered, instead of the eight forms necessary for DOTA. The results reported here clearly demonstrate the diverse speciation that must be considered when correlating an observation to a structure of a lanthanide(III) complex.
The chemical landscape of leaf surfaces and its interaction with the atmosphere
Authors: Ossola Rachele , Farmer Delphine
Published: February 2024

Atmospheric chemists have historically treated plant leaves as inert surfaces that merely emit volatile hydrocarbons through their stomata. However, a growing body of evidence suggests that leaves are ubiquitous substrates for multiphase reactions of atmospheric relevance – implying the presence of chemicals on their surfaces. This Review provides an evidence-based overview of the chemistry and reactivity of the leaf surface’s “chemical landscape”, the dynamic ensemble of molecules and particles that cover plant leaves. We classified chemicals as endogenous (originating from the leaf and its biome) or exogenous (delivered from the environment), highlighting the biological, geographical, and meteorological factors driving their relative contributions. Based on available data, we predicted ≫ 2 µg cm-2 of organics on a typical leaf, leading to a global estimate of ≫ 3 Tg available for multiphase reactions. Our work also highlighted three major knowledge gaps: (i) the key (but still overlooked) role of ambient water in enabling the leaching of endogenous substances and mediating aqueous chemistry; (ii) the role of phyllosphere biofilms in shaping leaf surface chemistry and reactivity; (iii) the paucity of studies on the multiphase reactivity of main atmospheric oxidants with leaf-adsorbed chemicals. Although biased towards available data, we hope this Review will spark a renewed interest on the leaf surface’s chemical landscape and motivate the establishment of multidisciplinary collaborations to move the field forward.
Learning on Compressed Molecular Representations
Authors: Weinreich Jan , Probst Daniel
Published: February 2024

Last year, a preprint gained notoriety, proposing that a k-nearest neighbour classifier is able to outperform large-language models using compressed text as input and normalised compression distance (NCD) as a metric. In chemistry and biochemistry, molecules are often represented as strings, such as SMILES for small molecules or single-letter amino acid sequences for proteins. Here, we extend the previously introduced approach with support for regression and multitask classification and subsequently apply it to the prediction of molecular properties and protein-ligand binding affinities. We further propose converting numerical descriptors into string representations, enabling the integration of text input with domain-informed numerical descriptors. Finally, we show that the method can achieve performance competitive with chemical fingerprint- and GNN-based methodologies in general, and perform better than comparable methods on quantum chemistry and protein-ligand binding affinity prediction tasks.
N-Phenyl-2-Pyridone-Derived Endoperoxide Exhibiting Dual Activity by Suppressing both Lung Cancer and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Wang Lei , Wu Hao , Liu Ziang , Li Yanping , Si Yu , Sun Rensong , Nie Yun , Qiao Yuan , Qian Xiao , Zhang Shengli , Sun Wen , Pan Yue , Akkaya Engin U.
Published: February 2024

Conventional light-driven photodynamic therapy (PDT) to generate toxic singlet oxygen are potential for cancer therapeutics but limited by the light penetrability and hypoxia tumor. PDT-involved combinational therapy could enhance overall therapeutic effects and reduce drug resistance, while disadvantages such as diverse pharmacokinetics among different ingredients, low active-ingredient loading, inevitably utilization of non-functional components need to be addressed. Here we report an endoperoxide E5 synthesized via ‘in vitro’ PDT could spontaneously deliver singlet oxygen, triplet oxygen and 3-methyl-N-phenyl-2-pyridone as an analogue of pirfenidone (Approved drug for treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis), showing great potential for treating non-small cell lung cancer and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. In aqueous solution, E5 could undergo a clear cycloreversion to afford three components with a half-life time of 8.3 hours and it efficiently suppress the migration and invasion of lung cancer cell as well as the TGF-b1 induced fibrosis in vitro. In vivo experiments suggest that E5 not only efficiently inhibits tumor growth, decreases the HIF-1α protein levels, relieves idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, but shows good biocompatibility. Many evidence reveal that both singlet oxygen and 3-methyl-N-phenyl-2-pyridone are therapeutic ingredients, and triplet oxygen could relieve tumor hypoxia which is an inevitable issue in conventional PDT. Our study validates that endoperoxides as single active components containing multiple ingredients including singlet oxygen are of exceptionally therapeutic potential.
Asparaginyl Endopeptidase-Mediated Peptide Ligation and Cyclization for Phage Display
Authors: Wan Xiao-Cui , Zhang Yan-Ni , Chen Ying , Cui Zhi-Hui , Zhang Hua , Zhu Wen-Jing , Fang Ge-Min
Published: February 2024

Genetically encoded cyclic peptide libraries are invaluable for peptide drug discovery. Here we report an enzymatic strategy for asparaginyl endopeptidase-mediated peptide ligation and cyclization, and its application in the construction of phage-displayed cyclic peptide libraries. Introduction of a low-reactive chloroacetyl group into the tripeptide recognition sequence of OaAEP1 allows intramolecular cyclization with Cys residues to generate macrocyclic peptides. By optimzing OaAEP1 activation conditions and OaAEP1-catalyzed peptide ligation, we establish an efficient OaAEP1-based enzymatic peptide ligation under acidic conditions. The OaAEP1-based enzymatic ligation is fully compatible with phage display and enables the construction of genetically encoded monocyclic and bicyclic peptide libraries. By using OaAEP1-based phage display, we identify macrocyclic peptide ligands targeting TEAD4 at the nanomolar level. One of the bicyclic peptides binds to TEAD4 with a KD value of 139 nM,16-fold lower than its linear analogue, indicating the contribution of the bicyclic scaffold to its biological activity and demonstrating the utility of the technology platform in the discovery of high-affinity cyclic peptide ligands.
Development of lignin-based biodegradable polymer from Agro-waste
Authors: Sharma Sameer , Moharana Swagatika , Sharma Akash Kumar , Srivastava Aasheesh
Published: February 2024

Biosourced and biodegradable polymers have garnered substantial attention for their role as sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives to traditional synthetic polymers, finding diverse applications across various fields. The escalating global demand for food production and a surge in agricultural activities have resulted in a significant increase in agro-waste generation. In India, an agro-waste annual output ranging between 85-100 million tonnes is observed, with wheat straws contributing substantially to approximately one-third of the total agro residue [6]. Addressing the challenge of agro-waste utilisation, we present an innovative methodology for converting wheat straw into a Biodegradable polymer (acetyl ferulic acid polymer). The process involves the extraction of lignin through an acid-base neutralisation reaction, with the qualitative confirmation of lignin presence achieved through Safranin dye testing. The extracted lignin undergoes oxidation via the Nitrobenzene Oxidation (NBO) method, facilitating the conversion into Vanillin through sidechain oxidation of the complex lignin structure. The subsequent acetylation of Vanillin is carried out to obtain acetyl ferulic acid, which is then polymerised utilising zinc acetate as a catalyst. Glycerol is employed as a plasticiser, and the biodegradability of the resulting polymer is assessed within a controlled ambient decomposition environment in the laboratory. Decomposition data is subjected to modelling using Wolfram Mathematica, yielding the decomposition time. Our findings assert that the developed biodegradable polymer requires approximately 105 days to decompose, achieving a degradation rate of approximately 99.98%. This newly synthesised biopolymer is posited to exhibit compatibility with existing biodegradable polymers, thus contributing to the advancement of sustainable polymer materials.
A Fluorine Rich Borate Ionic Additive Enabling High-Voltage Li Metal Batteries
Authors: Zhang Liping , Dong Dengpan , Cresce Arthur , Wei Qianshun , Bedrov Dmitry , Xu Kang , Liu T. Leo
Published: February 2024

Lithium-metal batteries (LMBs) are promising alternatives to state-of-the-art Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) to achieve higher energy densities. However, the poor cyclability of LMBs resulting from Li metal anode (Li0) irreversibility and concomitant electrolyte decompositions limits their practical applications. In this study, we reported a per-fluorinated salt, lithium tetrakis(perfluoro-tertbutyloxy)borate (abbreviated as Li-TFOB) as an electrolyte additive for Li metal batteries, which contains 36 F atoms per molecule. This newly designed ionic additive tuned the chemical composition of the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) on Li0 by increasing the amount of LiF and Li-B-O inorganic species. DFT calculations and Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations indicated the preferential reduction of the TFOB anions at Li0, which occurs with a lower free energy change than PF6- anions. The designed ionic additive enables the 4.6 V Li||LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 (NMC622) cell to achieve an average CE of 99.1% and a high-capacity retention of > 50% after 500 cycles. This experiment-simulation joint study illustrated an attractive approach to accelerating the design of electrolytes and interphases for LMBs.
EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL: PRÁTICA DE DOCENTES DOS ANOS INICIAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL EM BELO JARDIM – PE
Authors: Alves Ailza Guimarães , Sá Roberto Araújo
Published: February 2024

A educação ambiental (EA) favorece o engajamento dos estudantes para que possam agir como agentes de transformação perante as problemáticas socioambientais. A presente pesquisa foi realizada em uma escola pública de Ensino Fundamental (EF) do município de Belo Jardim, estado de Pernambuco. Tem caráter qualitativo e exploratório, enquadrando-se como documental e participante. Metodologicamente, foram utilizados os instrumentos: Projeto Político Pedagógico (PPP), entrevista semiestruturada e uma oficina pedagógica objetivando investigar a inserção da EA na comunidade escolar. Os dados foram analisados considerando abordagem da EA-Crítica com a finalidade de investigar a EA na prática de docentes do 2º ao 5º ano do EF. Os resultados mostraram que o PPP aborda a temática apenas em datas comemorativas. Nas entrevistas, os participantes apresentaram concepção conservacionista e resolutiva e, ausência da temática na formação inicial, além de práticas pontuais quando abordam atividades de EA com os estudantes. A oficina despertou um novo olhar para a EA. Assim, destaca-se a importância da escola enquanto formadora de estudantes conhecedores dos seus direitos e deveres perante o meio ambiente. Este estudo, portanto, contribui para novas configurações na inserção da EA na escola investigada, além de colaborar no campo da pesquisa e do conhecimento da área.
Identifikasi Gaya Art Deco Dalam Arsitektur Kolonial Kota Malang Sebagai Dasar Perancangan Gedung Perpustakaan Digital
Authors: Adziim Fajar Fatkhul , Rolalisasi Andarita , Bintarjo Benny
Published: February 2024

AbstrakKota Malang merupakan  kota terbesar kedua di jawa timur setelah kota Surabaya, hal ini tidak terlepas dari efek dibukanya jalur kereta api Surabaya – Malang pada tahun 1878. Lalu ditahun 1903, Belanda memberlakukan UU Desentralisasi yang membuat kota Malang resmi menjadi Kotamadya pada tanggal 1 April 1914. Dalam upaya mengembangkan kota, Pemerintah kotamadya Malang langsung menunjuk Thomas Karsten seorang arsitek dari Belanda untuk merancang tata kota Malang, Dari tahun 1917 sampai 1929, rencana ini dilaksanakan se (Mulyadi, Witjaksono, & Fathony, 2020)cara bertahap dari bouwplan I sampai bouwplan VIII. perkembangan arsitekturnya tidak terlepas dari pengaruh luas arsitektur kontemporer, yang pada saat itu di eropa berkembang dengan pesat bangunan bergaya Art Deco. Setelah sekian lama negara Indonesia merdeka, Ciri bangunan berkonsep Art Deco masih dapat dijumpai di sejumlah bangunan peninggalan kolonial, khususnya di kota Malang hingga saat ini. Kawasan heritage Kayutangan dijadikan oleh pemerintah kota sebagai kawasan wisata sejarah dengan berbagai bentuk bangunan yang dijadikan sajian utamanya.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik dari bangunan-bangunan peninggalan Belanda, khususnya dikota Malang, guna dijadikannya acuan penulis untuk menarik benang merah desain yang dapat diaplikasikan kedalam perancangan gedung perpustakaan digital kota Malang.
Evaluasi Pelestarian Arsitektur Museum Bahari Jakarta
Authors: Sugian Gregorius Vincent , Sombu Alwin Suryono
Published: February 2024

Bangunan cagar budaya merupakan bagian dari cagar budaya yang menjadi identitas suatu bangsa. Oleh karena itu, bangunan cagar budaya wajib dilestarikan mutu dan juga nilai-nilai yang terkandung di dalamnya. Museum Bahari menjadi salah satu bangunan cagar budaya signifikan yang berada di Kota Tua Jakarta yang dulunya merupakan gudang rempah-rempah Belanda di Indonesia. Sebagai bangunan cagar budaya, Museum Bahari masih terus dilestarikan sampai saat ini. Namun, melihat dari kondisi bangunan tersebut di masa kini, terdapat beberapa elemen arsitektur dari Museum Bahari yang mulai mengalami penurunan mutu dan beberapa elemen lainnya sudah tidak lagi mengandung nilai yang ada di masa lalu. Penelitian ini mengungkap berbagai macam elemen arsitektur signifikan dari museum Bahari yang mengandung nilai-nilai, dan tindakan pelestarian yang tepat untuk dilakukan menyesuaikan dengan kondisinya saat ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mayoritas pelestarian terhadap elemen sudah dilakukan dengan benar, namun terdapat juga beberapa yang elemen yang memerlukan intervensi pelestarian yang lebih besar. Salah satu elemen arsitektural Museum Bahari yang penting untuk direstorasi adalah Kali Ciliwung di depan Museum Bahari yang dulunya menjadi satu-satunya akses masuk perahu-perahu yang membawa rempah-rempah. Kali Ciliwung depan museum ini bisa direstorasi kembali kondisinya seperti di masa lalu dan menjadi pendorong ekonomi dan potensi wisata baru bagi para turis.
The Learner Integration Wheel Theory: Addressing Integration Challenges in Tanzanian School Settings
Authors: Kanyopa Theresia Joakim , Makgalwa Matseliso Mokhele
Published: February 2024

This paper introduces the learner integration wheel (LIW) theory of practice, which was developed in a larger study that explored the understanding and enhancing of learner integration in a selected Ex Model C school in South Africa. The larger study explained the LIW theory of practice as an alternative theory to change the rudimentary practices and programs and peoples’ attitudes in multicultural learning settings towards the issue of learner integration in South African school settings. In this study, the LIW theory of practice is introduced as a novel framework to address learner integration challenges in Tanzanian school settings. The study employed multi-stakeholder meetings and reflective writing activity to generate data. Data generated were thematically analyzed. The perspectives of eight participants (four teachers and four learners) who were purposively selected were explored regarding the challenges and possible solutions on the issue of learner integration in Tanzanian school settings. Findings reveal that learner integration is a crucial component in Tanzanian school settings as it enhances learners’ motivation and personalities and helps them to attain their full potential. In addition, the findings reveal that it is important for schools to work collaboratively with the community for the successful implementation of learner integration in school settings. The study maintains that implementation of learner integration through the fundamental practices and programs of the LIW theory of practice promises to benefit not only the learners but also the teachers and the entire Tanzanian school community.
Educación virtual y su influencia en la calidad de vida de estudiantes de pregrado de la FOUCE
Authors: Tapia Tapia Gabriela Nataly , Rodríguez Albuja María José , Roy Lanas Ián-Sébastien , Basurto Guerrero Mario  Oswaldo , Vaca Rodríguez Gabriela Alejandra , Tello Molina Axel Daniel , Pilatasig  Arequipa Gissela Concepción , Armas Vega Ana del Carmen
Published: February 2024

El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la influencia que la educación virtual obligatoria durante la época de pandemia 2020- 2021, produjo en la calidad de vida de estudiantes pregrado de segundo a noveno semestre de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Central del Ecuador mediante el cuestionario WHOQOL-BREF. Metodología: Es una investigación descriptiva, ejecutada previa aprobación del comité de ética y de investigación de la FOUCE, el universo fue de 1200 estudiantes en el período 2020-2021, el anonimato fue preservado colocando códigos de identificación, la encuesta fue realizada a través del cuestionario WHOQOL-BREF realizado en Google Forms, y que consta de 26 preguntas. Los datos recolectados electrónicamente fueron manejados depurados e introducirlos en una matriz de datos, analizados mediante estadística descriptiva, que incluyó frecuencias, medidas de tendencia central y de dispersión, mediante el paquete estadístico SPSS v23. Resultados: Se pudo apreciar una disminución en la percepción de la calidad de vida de los evaluados, siendo los más afectados los dominios psicológicos y relaciones sociales; al ejecutar el análisis de forma separada del género con los cuatro dominios del cuestionario, se evidencio que las participantes del grupo femenino fueron quienes mostraron mayores signos de disminución de su calidad de vida. Conclusiones: La educación virtual obligatorio, influyó de manera negativa en la calidad de vida de estudiantes sin una relación directa con los niveles de avance de la carrera, mostrándose más evidente en participantes del género femenino.
Luigi Bobbio, Patrice Melé y Vicente Ugalde (Eds.), Conflictos y concertación. La gestión de los residuos en México, Italia y Francia, México, El Colegio de México, 2017, 406 pp.
Authors: Jiménez Martínez Nancy Merary
Published: February 2024

Título original: Entre conflict et concertation: gérer les déchets en France
Közegészségügyi és járványügyi teendők természeti katasztrófa esetén
Authors: Varga-Szabó Enikő , Várhelyi Levente
Published: February 2024

Az egészségügyi kérdések minden természeti katasztrófa utáni a legsürgetőbb megoldandó feladatok közé tartoznak. 2023. február 6-án Törökország központi részét és Szíria északnyugati területeit nagy erejű földrengés rázta meg. A katasztrófa következtében a térségben megsemmisült az infrastruktúra nagy része, az épületek jelentős része összedőlt, nagy számú halálos áldozatot és sérültet követelve. Több százezer ember vesztette el otthonát, megszűnt a víz- és energiaszolgáltatás, nem volt élelmiszer és ivóvíz-ellátottság. Mindezek következtében különleges járványügyi helyzet alakult ki, melynek megoldása jelentős helyi és külső egészségügyi erőt igényelt.
Qualitative Analysis of Partial 16S rRNA Amplicon of Mitochondrial Gene of Stingless Bees in Pesawaran
Authors: Priyambodo Priyambodo , Rustiati Elly Lestari , Pratiwi Dian Neli , Susanto Alvin Wiwiet , Imtitsal Aulia , Fahrezi Aditya , Febriansyah Muhammad , Kusuma Andriyani Wijaya , Srihanto Eko Agus , Saswiyanti Enny , Sidik Mahfud , Sa'uddah Lousanja D. , Lestari Indah Ayu , Yani Ani Andri , Ramadhan Viki
Published: February 2024

Pesawaran is one of the areas that has the potential to cultivate stingless bees as producers of honey and propolis. This study was aimed at qualitatively analysing partial amplicons of the 16S rRNA gene from individuals found at the research site. The research was performed from April to September 2023 in an explorative approach. Based on the exploration that has been done in Harapan Jaya Village, Way Ratai District, Pesawaran Regency, individual stingless bees were obtained from 5 different colonies. Individual samples of stingless bees were further extracted and amplified by commercial kits. Each individual from 5 different colonies has successfully obtained its DNA amplicons. Based on qualitative analysis using 1% agarose gel, the size of the partial gene ranged from 400bp to 500bp. This result is in accordance with the data contained in the genbank, where the 16S rRNA gene size is more than 500bp. Therefore, it has been concluded that the size of the partial amplicons of the 16S rRNA gene of individual stingless bees from the 5 colonies that were obtained is actually in range of the size of the 16S rRNA gene of stingless bees that have been recorded in the genbank.
Life Cycle of Wild Silkmoth Attacus atlas L. Fed on Mahogany Leaves and Soursop Leaves
Authors: Rahmawati Hani , Wuliandari Juli Rochmijati
Published: February 2024

The study aims to investigate the life cycle and success of the Attacus atlas L. larvae fed with mahoni leaves and sirsak leaves. Observations are done on the development of larvae from eggs until they reach the adult butterfly phase. The study was conducted between November 2022 and January 2023 using direct observation methods to look at the life cycle of Attacus atlas L. Observations were carried out in the morning and in the evening. Data on the success rate of life of larvae in each stage of development is also recorded. Research has shown that the life cycle of A. atlas L. larvae on mahoni leaf foods has a shorter phase period compared to sirsak leaf feed. The age of the A. atlas L. larvae tends to be higher when feeding the sirsak leaves, especially in the subsequent instar phase. However, further research is needed to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the other factors that affect the success of the life of A. atlas L. larvae on various types of feed. This research contributes to the biological understanding and management of A. atlas L. larva conservation, as well as providing important insights into the conservation efforts of this species as a wild silk insect that has significant economic value.
Residual N-Total and P-Available in the Rizosphere of Arachis hypogaea L. at Various Soil Moisture Content Fertilized by Mushroom Baglog Compost
Authors: Safitri Fanylaila , Susilowati Lolita Endang , Sutriono
Published: February 2024

Groundnut growth and production can be increased by fertilizing. One indicator used to measure nutrient availability is residual N-total and P-available in the rhizosphere. Environmental factors such as soil moisture can affect the level of residual N-total and P-available in peanut rhizosphere. The aim is to determine the effect of Baglog Compost on residual total Nitrogen and available Phosphate at various levels of soil moisture. The method used in this research is an experimental method with a complete randomized design (RAL) 3x2 factorial. The results showed that the highest N-total and P-available content was obtained in PB4 treatment (100% field capacity) 0.67% which was given mushroom baglogs. Giving mushroom baglogs at various soil moisture levels has a significant effect on soil N-total, soil C-organic, soil CEC, and soil P-available parameters except for soil pH parameters.
Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, Management and Prevention of Cervical Cancer
Authors: Setiawati Sastraningsih , Hapsari Yunita
Published: February 2024

The second most prevalent cancer in women and one that may be mainly prevented or treated if discovered at an early stage, cervical cancer is a serious health concern worldwide, particularly in Indonesia. This literature review aims to provide related information about clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management and prevention of cervical cancer. We searched online databases and used review articles, research, guidelines from professional organizations, such as POGI from Indonesia and FIGO from London. The disease's clinical manifestations often appear in advanced stages and can include abnormal vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain, and pain during intercourse. Diagnosis typically involves a multi-step process beginning with physical examination, Pap smear tests, HPV testing, and possibly leading to colposcopy and biopsy procedures for confirmatory analysis. Management strategies for cervical cancer range from conservative watch-and-wait approaches in early-stage disease to more aggressive interventions such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy in more advanced cases. Prevention strategies have centered on HPV vaccination and regular screening tests, both of which remain underutilized in regions like Indonesia. Despite the availability of effective preventative and therapeutic measures, the high incidence and mortality rates emphasize the critical need for enhanced public health efforts to increase screening and vaccination rates, improve access to treatment, and promote education on cervical cancer. Cervical cancer usually does not appear until the cancer has reached an advanced stage trough increased awareness, education, and access to screening and treatment services, the burden of cervical cancer can be reduced.
Suicidal Risk in People with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Annisa Wardha Novia , Nabil Athalita Andhera , Wibisana I Komang Gede Andhika , Smith Sima , Amalia Emmy
Published: February 2024

Obsessive compulsive disorder or Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a psychiatric disorder characterized by excessive anxiety, persistent thoughts (obsessions), and repetitive behaviors (compulsions). The prevalence of OCD in Europe ranges from 0.1-2.3% annually and more common in adults. The risk of suicide increases ten times more in OCD sufferers compared to the non-OCD sufferers with prevalence the OCD sufferers who has thoughts of suicide is 23.3%. This literature review aims to determine the risk factors for suicide in OCD patients so that prevention can be carried out in individuals who have risk factors. In this literature review we conducted a search on the PubMed,  Google Schoolar, and Researchgate database  using  the search keyword “Obsessive Compulsive Disorder”, “Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms”, “Suicide”, “Self-murder”, and “Risk Factor”. OCD is a disease with genetic and non-genetic risk factors, can manifest clinically as obsessions and compulsions that occur due to failure in responding to yedasantience signals so that the security motivation system (SMS) will be activated longer than normal. The longer SMS activated, the more depressive symptoms can develop, which tends to give rise to suicidal thoughts. In conclusion, risk factors for suicide in OCD that can be identified earlier will not only help the patient's prognosis but also help them choose treatment steps that are appropriate with the severity of the OCD symptoms.
The Structure of Mangrove Community in The Waters of Pare Mas Jerowaru East Lombok
Authors: Lutfiani Nindi Hamida , Idrus Agil Al , Santoso Didik
Published: February 2024

Mangrove communities grow well in the tropics and are able to adapt to extreme environments, such as: high temperature, high salinity, extreme tides, high sedimentation, and oxygen-poor growing substrate conditions. Information about mangrove ecology is very important to provide an overview of the current condition of mangroves. The aim of this research is to determine the structure of the mangrove community in Pare Mas Jerowaru, East Lombok. This research used a purposive sampling method and a combination of line and quadrat transects. The research results obtained 3 types of mangroves in Pare Mas waters. The diversity index value is in the low category and the dominance index value is medium to high. The species Rhizophora apiculata had the highest frequency value (0.57 ind/m²) and the lowest was Avicennia marina (0.10 ind/m²). Density at the tree level is in the sparse category, while at the pole, sapling and seedling level it is in the medium to very dense category. The types of mangroves that have the highest cover values in the tree, pole and stake categories are Sonneratia alba and Rhizophora apiculata. The highest INP values in the categories of trees, poles, saplings and seedlings were 272.99% (Sonneratia alba), 173.58% (Sonneratia alba), 215.51% (Rhizophora apiculata) and 200.00% (Rhizophora apiculata).
Identification of Pests and Diseases in Red Chili Plants (Capsicum Annuum L.) in Nangsri, Manisrenggo, Klaten
Authors: Ekawati Eliuta Denisa , Wiharti Tri , Nugroho Anwari Adi
Published: February 2024

Red chilies are one of the important types of vegetables cultivated commercially in tropical countries. Insect pests are one of the obstacles in efforts to increase the production of red chili ornamental plants. There are some farmers who do not understand the types of pests that exist in red chili plantations. This research aims to identify the types of pests that attack red chili plants in Nangsri Manisrenggo Village and observe the symptoms of pest and disease attacks. The methods used are observation and interviews. The data obtained was analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The results of the research show that there are 2 types of disease, namely fungi that cause leaf spots, Pestalotia sp and Cercospora sp, and 6 types of pests that attack red chilies, namely: Thrips spp., peach aphids (Myzus persicae), armyworms (Spodoptera litura), flies fruit (Bactrocera spp.), mites (Tetranychus sp.; Polyphagotarsonemus sp.) and whitefly (Bemisia tabaci).
The Water Content, Solubility, and Optical Properties of Whey-Gelatin Multilayer Films Enriched with Green Tea Powder
Authors: Fahrullah Fahrullah , Bulkaini Bulkaini , Kisworo Djoko , Yiulianto Wahid , Wulandani Baiq Rani Dewi , Haryanto Haryanto
Published: February 2024

This biodegradable packaging is designed to reduce the negative impact on the environment caused by plastic pollution, while still maintaining the shelf life, quality and safety of the packaged food products. The objective of this study was to analyse the moisture content, solubility and optical properties of whey-gelatin multilayer film enriched with green tea powder. This study was conducted experimentally, using a completely randomised design with four treatments and five replicates. The treatments consisted of P1: gelatin/whey-gelatin (G/WG); P2: gelatin/5% green tea powder/whey-gelatin (G/5% GTP/WG); P3: gelatin/10% green tea powder/ whey-gelatin (G/10% GTP/WG) and P4: gelatin/15% green tea powder/whey-gelatin (G/15% GTP/WG). The moisture content and solubility values of whey-gelatin multilayer films showed significant differences (P<0.01). Moisture content was 33.0204-35.3653%; solubility was 40.19-49.96%. The film enriched with 5% green tea powder (P2) produced the best values of moisture content of 34.3536%, solubility of 47.97% and optical (L*= 61.00; a*= -0.36 and b*= 22.58).
The Effect of Food on the Incident of Hypertension
Authors: Restia  , Pintaningrum Yusra , Warnaini Cut
Published: February 2024

Hypertension is the condition of a person whose blood pressure is above the normal limit according to medical regulations, namely greater than 140/90 mmHg. Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, stroke, kidney failure and the main cause of death throughout the world. Consuming foods that are high in fat, carbohydrates, fiber and sodium can increase the occurrence of hypertension. This study aims to determine the effect of food on the incidence of hypertension. This research uses several relevant literature from various references and focuses on risk factors for hypertension, one of which is food. The references used came from searches on NCBI, Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct and 25 data-based sources were obtained. The results of this research are that there is an influence between food sources such as carbohydrates, fat and sodium which can increase the occurrence of hypertension and high fiber consumption which helps to reduce the occurrence of hypertension. Excessive sodium consumption causes the sodium concentration in the extracellular fluid to increase. And consuming excess carbohydrates can cause triglyceride levels in the blood to increase, causing carbohydrates to be converted into fat. High fat levels can cause atherosclerosis which will ultimately lead to hypertension. The conclusion is that consuming foods high in carbohydrates, fat and sodium can cause hypertension and high fiber consumption can help minimize the occurrence of hypertension.
Organoleptic Quality and pH of Silage of Young Corn and Sorghum
Authors: Dilaga Syamsul Hidayat , Noersidiq Azhary , Fahrullah Fahrullah
Published: February 2024

Effective processing of young corn and sorghum silage can be evaluated based on physical attributes like fragrance, colour, texture, and the properties and transformations that happen in the feed during the ensiling process. These attributes can be employed to assess and establish the quality of the feed. The purpose of this research is to determine the characteristics of young corn and sorghum silage by conducting pH testing and organoleptic analysis. The study used three types of silage: P1 - young corn, P2 - sorghum, and P3 - a mix of young corn and sorghum. The variables examined included colour, aroma, texture, presence of fungi, and pH. The data indicates that the silage produced from young corn and sorghum plants was of high quality. The feed before the silage production process was the same shade, and the end product had a sour scent. Texture-wise, the majority of the silage was slightly rough and not slimy, with no signs of fungal contamination. The pH ranged from 3.63-3.92, confirming the silage's acidic nature. Silage made from young corn and sorghum plants exhibits organoleptic qualities such as a brownish-green hue, mildly fragrant aroma, slightly mushy consistency, and no detected presence of fungus. Moreover, due to its acidic properties resulting from the pH value, it is highly conducive for the proliferation of lactic acid bacteria.
Effects of Doses Goat Manure and NPK Fertilizer on Growth and Yield of Pakcoy
Authors: Alvita Alifah Manda , Fatmawaty Andi Apriany , Muztahidin Nur Iman , M. Kartina A.
Published: February 2024

The research aimed to know influence giving doses of goat manure fertilizer and NPK 16:16:16 fertilizer on the growth and result of plant pakcoy. This research completed in the experiment land Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa at Sindangsari village, Pabuaran district Serang regency Banten Province and Laboratory of Soil and Agroclimate Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa. The research used a factorial Randomized Group Design consist two factors. The first factor was a dose of goat manure fertilizer (P) consists of four levels; 141 g/polybag, 212 g/polybag, and 283 g/polybag, and 354 g/polybag. The second factor was a NPK 16:16:16 fertilizer; 1.1 g/polybag, 2.1 g/polybag, 3.2 g/polybag, and 4.2 g/polybag. The results of research showed the giving goat manure fertilizer a dose of 354 g/polybag gave influence a real of the plant height parameter, number of leaves, root length, and fresh weight of plant. The results of research showed the giving NPK 16:16:16 fertilizer a dose of 3.2 g/polybag gave influence a real of all observation parameters.
Physical Characteristics of Bamboo and Aren’s Midrib Crafts Waste as Hydroponic Growth Media
Authors: Amaliah Wenny , Dewi Endang Purnama , Saputra Oki
Published: February 2024

The critical aspect of planting media is providing oxygen to the root; hence, the growing media should have sufficient porosity for air circulation for the plants, especially the root, and be able to store water and air. Krei craft waste from bamboo and aren’s midrib can be used as hydroponic growing media. This study aims to determine the physical characteristics of craft waste from bamboo and aren’s midrib as hydroponic growing media. The characteristics of hydroponic growing media from bamboo and aren’s midrib waste include water content, bulk density, porosity, and water holding capacity (WHC). The results of this study indicated that the values of water content, bulk density, porosity, and water holding capacity (WHC) of bamboo were 9.94%, 0.215 g/cm3, 81.6%, and 172%, and aren’s midrib were 10.07%, 0.241 g/cm3, 77.0%, and 241%, respectively. According to these results, it can be concluded that craft waste from bamboo and aren’s midrib is suitable as a hydroponic planting media.
Karydakis operation for pilonidal sinus disease in overweight and obese patients. A study of the efficacy of the procedure in 136 patients.
Authors: Muhammad Azeem  , Kamran Cheema  , Muhammad Iqbal  , Tahir Bashir  , Zafar Iqbal  , Zafar Khan
Published: February 2024

Objective: To test the efficacy of the Karydakis procedure in overweight and obese patients and to check the recurrence rates in our patients. Study Design: Multicenter Prospective study. Setting: Sughra Shafi Medical Complex Narowal. Period: May 2011 to July 2021. Material & Methods: Total 146 patients were selected for this study a formal informed consent was taken. Ten patients were lost from follow up and excluded from study. Results: Out of remaining 136 patient 130 were male and only 6 were female. Mean age of the patient was 23 year and 5 months (range 16 years to 49 years). Thirty five patients had a single sinus in the midline, Seventy two had multiple sinuses in the midline, and 38 patients had lateral tract either on the right or on the left side in addition midline sinuses. Mean operating time was 39 minutes (range 23 – 70 minutes), mean blood loss was 26 ml (10 – 70ml) and mean hospital stay was 3 days (range 2- 7 days). There were a total of 21 (15 .05 %) complications. Seven(4.29) patients developed major wound infection requiring opening of the sutures and regular dressing till the wound became healthy to be closed by secondary suturing. Seven patients developed minor wound infection, 6 patients developed seroma and 3 patients had leakage of serous fluid from drain site for a couple of days. There were only 5 (3.67%) recurrences in mean follow up period of 23 months (range 11 months to 4 years). Two (1.47%) recurrence were observed in patient with BMI of below 35 and 3 recurrences (2.20%) were observed in patient with BMI of >35. All of them occurred in obese patient who could not maintain their personal hygiene according to advice given to them. Majority of the patient were satisfied with the procedure. Conclusion: We concluded that Karydakis operation has good outcome in overweight and obese patients. It addresses the etiological factors of the disease, is less time consuming as compared to other flap operation, is not associated with wound scar in the midline, can be easily performed by surgeons in training, is associated with minimum complications, has minimum recurrence rate on short and long term follow up, avoid the painful prolong dressing regimen and well accepted by the patients.
Frequency and risk factors of ventilator associated pneumonia at neonatal intensive care unit of Nishtar Hospital, Multan.
Authors: Afaq Hussain  , Muhammad Anwar  , Ali Amjad Sheikh  , Azam Khan
Published: February 2024

Objective: To determine the frequency and risk factors of ventilator associated pneumonia at neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: NICU of Nishtar Hospital Multan, Pakistan. Period: January 2023 to June 2023. Material & Methods: We analyzed babied of both genders aged between 1 to 28 days admitted in NICU and undergoing mechanical ventilation (MV) due to any reasons for a minimum duration of 2 days. Information like gender, age, residential status, gestational age, birth weight and mode of delivery were noted. During MV period, neonates were closely observed for VAP. Results: In a total of 189 neonates, 104 (55.0%) were boys. The mean age at the time of NICU admission was 4.6±4.2 days while 128 (67.7%) neonates were aged below 7 days. The mean gestational age was 33.5±4.6 weeks while 156 neonates were pre-term. The mean birth-weight was 1914±640 grams. Residential status of 113 (59.8%) neonates was rural. Mode of delivery was lower segment cesarean section in 160 (84.7%). The frequency of VAP was found in 51 (27.0%) neonates who underwent MV. Relatively young age (below 7 days, p=0.0089), pre-term birth (37 weeks, p=0.0342) and low birth weight (<2500 grams, p<0.0001) were found to have significant association with VAP. Conclusion: The frequency of VAP was high among neonates. Younger age, less gestational age and low birth weight were associated with VAP.