bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIALETOLOGIA CONTATUAL: VARIAÇÃO LEXICAL DO PORTUGUÊS E DO KHEUÓL NA ÁREA INDÍGENA DOS KARIPUNA DO AMAPÁ
Authors: Sanches Romario Duarte
Published: June 2020

A região do Oiapoque, localizada no extremo norte do Estado do Amapá, é conhecida historicamente por agregar diferentes povos indígenas e não indígenas, caracterizando-se como uma área plurilíngue e pluriétnica. Tendo em vista essa situação, o objetivo principal desse estudo é mostrar a configuração da variação lexical do Português e do Kheuól, variedades faladas por indígenas da etnia Karipuna do Amapá. Como suporte teórico-metodológico utilizou-se o modelo de Dialetologia Pluridimensional e Contatual (ALTENHOFEN; THUN, 2016), que busca controlar variáveis linguísticas e extralinguísticas. A pesquisa contou com a seleção de 36 informantes distribuídos em nove aldeias da etnia Karipuna. Para cada localidade foram entrevistados quatro informantes indígenas bilíngues. Os resultados apontaram para a interinfluência das variedades estudadas e a forte presença do léxico português amazônico como variedade dominante na área indígena dos Karipuna do Amapá.Palavras-chave: Dialetologia; contato linguístico; bilinguismo.
PARADIGM OF DIFFERENCE: PERSON AND TECHNOLOGY IN THECONDITIONS OF INFORMATION REDUNDANCY
Authors: Goncharova Olga E. , Yezersky Vladimir B.
Published: June 2020

Purpose. The paper solves an important methodological and practical problem, which is to increase the safety of interaction of different classes systems in the conditions of information redundancy on the basic principles of thinking in complexity. The aim of the work is to investigate the possibility of a non-traumatic connection of different classes’ systems “person”, “technology”, “environment” into a single macrosystem. Theoretical basis. The study of the key provisions of the safety problem of the complex system “person–technology–environment” is considered in the context of the basic principles of post-non-classics and “thinking in complexity”, which allowed us to take into account the dimensionality and diversity of the systems included in the macrosystem “person–technology–environment”. It is shown that the macrosystem “person–technology–environment” is complex, characterized by openness, self-organization, human- and psycho-dimensionality, non-linear development and instability. It is hypothesized that the main cause of the accident is a certain incompatibility within the macrosystem“person–technology–environment” of the systems “person”, “technology”, “environment” connected in it in terms of membership in different classes, which causes the emergence of a critical difference for the interaction of complex systems of different classes. Originality. For the first time, the concept of a complex macrosystem of a new type is introduced, connecting systems of different classes as independent “whole” on the basis of the conceptual model of post-non-classical “whole in a whole”. Conclusions. The growth of road traffic accidents is formed by the joint interaction of “different-quality” systems “person/driver”, “technology/car”, “environment”“environment” into a single macrosystem. The new quality of the macrosystem “person/driver-technology/car-environment” is determined by the nature of the bonds and the emergence of consistency/or mismatch between different integrity in a single macrosystem. It was established the need to accept a difference paradigm as a scientific branch on the basis of the methodology of non-traumatic/ecological connection without combining the multiclass subsystems into a single macrosystem with a mega-control. The proposed recommendations contribute to improving road safety.
Asymmetric Fitness of Second-Generation Interspecific Hybrids BetweenCiona robustaandCiona intestinalis
Authors: Ohta Naoyuki , Kaplan Nicole , Ng James Tyler , Gravez Basile Jules , Christiaen Lionel
Published: June 2020

Reproductive isolation is central to speciation, but interspecific crosses between two closely related species can produce viable and fertile hybrids. Two different species of tunicates in the same ascidian genus, Ciona robusta and Ciona intestinalis, can produce hybrids. However, wild sympatric populations display limited gene flow, suggesting the existence of obstacles to interspecific reproduction that remain unknown. Here, we took advantage of a closed culture system to cross C. robusta with C. intestinalis and established F1 and F2 hybrids. We monitored post-embryonic development, survival, and sexual maturation to characterize the genetic basis of simple traits, and further probe the physiological mechanisms underlying reproductive isolation. Partial viability of first and second generation hybrids suggested that both pre- and postzygotic mechanisms contributed to genomic incompatibilities in hybrids. We observed asymmetric fitness, whereby the C. intestinalis maternal lines fared more poorly in our system, pointing to maternal origins of species-specific sensitivity. We discuss the possibility that asymmetrical second generation inviability and infertility emerge from interspecific incompatibilities between the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes, or other maternal effect genes. This work paves the way to quantitative genetic approaches to study the mechanisms underlying genomic incompatibilities and other complex traits in the genome-enabled Ciona model.
Parthenogenesis as a Solution to Hybrid Sterility: The Mechanistic Basis of Meiotic Distortions in Clonal and Sterile Hybrids
Authors: Dedukh Dmitrij , Majtánová Zuzana , Marta Anatolie , Pšenička Martin , Kotusz Jan , Klíma Jiří , Juchno Dorota , Boron Alicja , Janko Karel
Published: June 2020

Hybrid sterility is a hallmark of speciation, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we report that speciation may regularly proceed through a stage at which gene flow is completely interrupted, but hybrid sterility occurs only in male hybrids whereas female hybrids reproduce asexually. We analyzed gametogenic pathways in hybrids between the fish species Cobitis elongatoides and C. taenia, and revealed that male hybrids were sterile owing to extensive asynapsis and crossover reduction among heterospecific chromosomal pairs in their gametes, which was subsequently followed by apoptosis. We found that polyploidization allowed pairing between homologous chromosomes and therefore partially rescued the bivalent formation and crossover rates in triploid hybrid males. However, it was not sufficient to overcome sterility. In contrast, both diploid and triploid hybrid females exhibited premeiotic genome endoreplication, thereby ensuring proper bivalent formation between identical chromosomal copies. This endoreplication ultimately restored female fertility but it simultaneously resulted in the obligate production of clonal gametes, preventing any interspecific gene flow. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the emergence of asexuality can remedy hybrid sterility in a sex-specific manner and contributes to the speciation process.
Caenorhabditis elegans AF4/FMR2 Family Homolog affl-2 Regulates Heat-Shock-Induced Gene Expression
Authors: Walton Sophie J , Wang Han , Quintero-Cadena Porfirio , Bateman Alex , Sternberg Paul W
Published: June 2020

To mitigate the deleterious effects of temperature increases on cellular organization and proteotoxicity, organisms have developed mechanisms to respond to heat stress. In eukaryotes, HSF1 is the master regulator of the heat shock transcriptional response, but the heat shock response pathway is not yet fully understood. From a forward genetic screen for suppressors of heat-shock-induced gene expression in Caenorhabditis elegans, we found a new allele of hsf-1 that alters its DNA-binding domain, and we found three additional alleles of sup-45, a previously molecularly uncharacterized genetic locus. We identified sup-45 as one of the two hitherto unknown C. elegans orthologs of the human AF4/FMR2 family proteins, which are involved in regulation of transcriptional elongation rate. We thus renamed sup-45 as affl-2 (AF4/FMR2-Like). Through RNA-seq, we demonstrated that affl-2 mutants are deficient in heat-shock-induced transcription. Additionally, affl-2 mutants have herniated intestines, while worms lacking its sole paralog (affl-1) appear wild type. AFFL-2 is a broadly expressed nuclear protein, and nuclear localization of AFFL-2 is necessary for its role in heat shock response. affl-2 and its paralog are not essential for proper HSF-1 expression and localization after heat shock, which suggests that affl-2 may function downstream of, or parallel to, hsf-1. Our characterization of affl-2 provides insights into the regulation of heat-shock-induced gene expression to protect against heat stress.
Sobre la evaluación del clima organizacional y satisfacción del usuario en el Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño
Authors: Luján Alfaro Alexander Jhosep , Goicochea Ríos Evelyn
Published: June 2020

Le dirigimos la presente, en relación al artículo de Fernández-Oliva y col. publicado en la anterior edición de Anales de la Facultad de Medicina. En el citado estudio de tipo transversal, se menciona que el objetivo fue determinar el clima organizacional y la satisfacción del usuario externo sobre la atención medica recibida en los servicios de hospitalización del Instituto Nacional Salud del Niño; sin embargo, consideramos que estas variables deberían estudiarse por separado o en estudios de correlación, dado que ambos son temas muy amplios y que requieren muchas mediciones (55 preguntas para la primera variable, y 44 preguntas para la segunda variable) de acuerdo al estudio publicado.
Influencia de la consejería nutricional en el colesterol total de trabajadores de la Clínica San Juan de Dios, Lima 2017
Authors: Bellido Vallejo Milagro , Palaco Vasquez Juan Alfredo , Troncoso-Corzo Luzmila
Published: June 2020

La consejería nutricional evidencia un proceso comunicacional, interpersonal y participativo entre el nutricionista y el paciente. Estudios previos demuestran que esta intervención tiene efecto en el cambio de dieta, niveles de lípidos y presión arterial. Así, la nutrición pasó de brindar intervenciones desde un enfoque preventivo, a una perspectiva terapéutica en el caso de patologías crónicas, lo que facilita tomar decisiones nutricionales que mejoren el control glicémico, presión arterial, colesterol total (CT) y el índice de masa corporal (IMC).
Reducción del riesgo cardiovascular en trabajadores de un instituto de salud especializado mediante un programa de prevención cardiovascular
Authors: Fernández Coronado Rosalía Ofelia , Heredia Ñahui Marco Antonio , Olortegui Yzu Adriel Raúl , Palomino Vilchez Rocio Yolanda , Gordillo Monge María Ximena , Soca Meza Renzo Eduardo , Fernández Coronado Julia Amalia
Published: June 2020

Introducción. Los programas de rehabilitación cardiovascular (PRC) representan una estrategia médicosanitaria multidisciplinaria eficaz en la prevención y control de los problemas cardiovasculares. Objetivos. Evaluar el impacto de un PRC realizado en el espacio de trabajo, en la reducción del riesgo cardiovascular absoluto en los trabajadores de INCOR. Métodos. Estudio experimental. Se incluyó a 41 trabajadores con diferentes niveles de riesgo cardiovascular, evaluados previa y posteriormente a su participación en el PRC sobre su capacidad funcional, sus factores de riesgo cardiovascular y niveles de estrés. El programa de intervención en el trabajo consistió en 36 sesiones de actividad física controlada, consejería nutricional, consejería psicológica y evaluación de laboratorio. Resultados. Se redujo el riesgo cardiovascular global al nivel bajo en el 100% medido mediante el índice de Framingham y en la medición con el score ASCVD 2013, se eliminó el nivel de riesgo alto y el nivel intermedio se redujo de 17,5% a 10%. La capacidad funcional mejoró, incrementándose la clase funcional I de 19,5% a 90%. Los niveles de VLDL, LDL, colesterol total y triglicéridos se redujeron significativamente en la post-intervención, mientras que para el HDL, la proporción de trabajadores con valores no recomendables se incrementó al final de la intervención. Se encontró disminución significativa del nivel de estrés. Conclusiones. Un PRC puede ser implementado enel mismo ámbito laboral y mostrar su comprobada eficacia para reducir el riesgo cardiovascular y el estrés.
Parasitosis intestinal: Helmintos
Authors: Vidal-Anzardo Margot , Yagui Moscoso Martín , Beltrán Fabian María
Published: June 2020

expresado la necesidad de mapear la prevalencia de las parasitosis en América Latina y el Caribe. En el Perú no existen estudios que hayan medido la prevalencia de dicha patología. Objetivos. Determinar la frecuencia de parasitosis general y por tipo de helmintos en el año 2017 y la tendencia de los últimos 8 años previos, años a nivel nacional y por departamento. Métodos. Análisis de base de datos secundaria (Sistema de Información de Salud: HIS) del 2010 a 2017, que contiene el registro de las atenciones en los establecimientos de salud del Ministerio de Salud. Para el análisis de tendencias se utilizó modelos de regresión segmentada. Resultados. A nivel nacional la parasitosis general y por helmintos fue de 4,9% y de 3,3% respectivamente en el 2017; ambas presentaron una tendencia descendente, reduciéndose cada año 8,8% y 11,3% respectivamente. Igual ocurrió en el 68% (17/25) de las regiones, presentando una mayor reducción porcentual anual Amazonas, Huánuco, La Libertad, Cajamarca y Huancavelica. Áscaris y enterobiasis se presentaron con mayor frecuencia, representando en el 2017 cada una el 0,3%. Conclusiones. La prevalencia de parasitosis general, por grupo de helmintos y por tipo específico de helmintos, es menor a lo reportado en otros estudios, los cuales se realizaron en población escolar a diferencia de este estudio, el cual se realizó en población general donde el 57,2% fueron mayores de 18 años que acudieron a un establecimiento de salud.
Bendrojo vidaus produkto ekonometrinis modelis
Authors: Mišeikis Feliksas , Zabulytė Loreta
Published: June 2020

Simultaninių lygčių modeliai mums leidžia prognozuoti arba vertinti vienų kintamųjų reikšmes pagal kitų kintamųjų reikšmes. Šio darbo tikslas - sudaryti bendrojo vidaus produkto ekonometrinį modelį, kuris kuo tiksliau įvertintų bendrąjį vidaus produktą, asmeninio vartojimo išlaidas, bendrąsias vidaus investicijas, prekių ir paslaugų importą, ir panaudoti šį modelį prognozėms.
Marketingo teorijos raida ir interpretacijos
Authors: Pranulis Vytautas Pranas , Abromaitytė-Sereikienė Laima
Published: June 2020

Straipsnyje nuosekliai apžvelgiama marketingo teorijos raida, kryptys ir mokyklos. Pateikiamas marketingo minties mokyklų grupavimas pagal keturias kryptis: neinteraktyvią ekonomikai marketingo teoriją; interaktyvią ekonomikai marketingo teoriją; neinteraktyvią neekonominę marketingo teoriją ir interaktyvią neekonominę marketingo teoriją. Marketingo raidos mokyklų idėjų palyginimas leidžia giliau ir plačiau susipažinti su pagrindinėmis marketingo teorijų įdėjomis, sužinoti jų autorius bei geriau suprasti nūdienos marketingo teorijos turinio, struktūros ir logikos kilmę. Nors šiame straipsnyje apžvelgtos teorijos ir jas formuojančios mokyklos jau apibūdintos pagrindiniuose marketingo vadovėliuose, tačiau šių teorijų diskusijos dar nesibaigė ir todėl jų nagrinėjimas ir geresnis pažinimas gali paskatinti tolesnę marketingo minties plėtrą. Ypač Lietuvoje, kur marketingo tyrėjai žengia tik pirmuosius žingsnius.
Investicijos į žmogiškąjį kapitalą ir jų efektyvumas
Authors: Šileika Algis , Tamašauskienė Zita
Published: June 2020

Straipsnyje analizuojama privati ir visuomeninė investicijų į žmogiškąjį kapitalą nauda ir kaštai, aptariami juos lemiantys veiksniai. Remiantis pateiktu investicijų į žmogiškąjį kapitalą kaštų ir naudos modeliu apskaičiuoti tokie pagrindiniai investicijų efektyvumo rodikliai: 1) privati universitetinių ir neuniversitetinių aukštojo mokslo studijų išsilavinimo pajamų norma, 2) visuomeninė pajamų norma. Autorių apskaičiuoti išsilavinimo pajamų normų rodikliai palyginami su analogiškais kitų išsivysčiusių šalių (EBPO) rodikliais.
Ūkinės situacijos pokyčių statistinis identifikavimas
Authors: Valkauskas Romualdas
Published: June 2020

Ekonominei politikai koreguoti yra aktualūs duomenys, įvertinantys besiformuojančią ir besikeičiančią ūkinę situaciją. Svarbu ir optimalių ūkinės situacijos pokyčių statistinio identifikavimo metodikų sudarymas. Specialiojoje literatūroje problema gvildenama, tačiau Lietuvoje nėra išsamesnių ūkinės situacijos pokyčių statistinio identifikavimo tyrimų.Straipsnyje analizuojamas ūkinės situacijos pokyčių statistinio identifikavimo turinys ir pateikiamas problemos sprendinys. Siūloma ūkinės situacijos pokyčių statistinio identifikavimo metodika. Šios metodikos esminis bruožas yra analitinio duomenų išlyginimo būdo, pasitelkiant mažiausiųjų kvadratų metodą, naudojimas. Metodikos pritaikymo ir ūkinės situacijos pokyčių Lietuvoje identifikavimo tikslais atliekamas tyrimas. Skaičiavimams naudojami bendrąjį vidaus produktą apibūdinantys duomenys.
Problems Of E-Business Implementation in SMEs
Authors: Baršauskas Petras , Šarapovas Tadas
Published: June 2020

The rapid growth of electronic business has been evident since the very beginning of the last decade. Nevertheless, so far companies experience many problems related to the implementation of e-business. This article is focused on the analysis of the main problems as well as opportunities of small and medium-sized companies (SMEs) engaged in e-business. However, in the rush to offer e-business applications to beat competition or to respond to client and internal needs. many businesses have developed unfriendly, expensive. limited services of questionable value. This article will present an analysis and some methodological guidelines as to how to solve the problems arising in the implementation of e-business as well as how to best use the offered opportunities.The main goal of the article is to analyse the problematical issues of implementing e-business in small and medium-sized enterprises.The following objectives are set in the article:1. To define the main problems and barriers in engaging in e-business faced by small and medium- sized enterprises.2. Based on the analysis of survey results. to identify the main reasons and opportunities for involvement in e-business.3. To outline the characteristics that small and medium-sized enterprises should possess in order to be effective in e-business.The following research methods are applied: theoretical and comparative analysis. an empirical study of SMEs on the issue of e-business.
Audit Risk Assessment in the National Audit Office of the Republic of Lithuania: Evaluation and Development
Authors: Mackevičius Jonas , Pranckevičiūtė Laura
Published: June 2020

The article deals with audit risk assessment in the National Audit Office of the Republic of Lithuania (hereinafter referred to as the NAOL). The audit risk features, classification, elements and the place of audit risk assessment are outlined. The text includes the legitimate environment of audit risk assessment in the NAOL and the evaluation of the NAOL Financial Audit Assurance Model. The Public Institutions Financial Audit Manuals of the United Kingdom and Sweden are taken into consideration. As a result of the survey; the NAOL Financial Audit Risk Assessment Guide is recommended.The principal conceptions dealt with in the article: audit risk and its assessment, Financial Audit Assurance Model, Financial Audit Risk Assessment Guide, classification, elements, the National Audit Office of the Republic of Lithuania.
The Use of Data Envelopment Analysis for Selection of Investment Objects
Authors: Rimkuvienė Daiva
Published: June 2020

Due to limited resources the State support can be delivered only to part of the enterprises that apply for it. To increase the effectiveness of investment policy, support has to be provided for enterprises having not only good financial results, but also perspectives of effective work in future. Commonly, more attention is paid to analysis of financial results. However, financial indexes describe the enterprise’s position in the past and do not reflect its possibilities of development. The estimation of an enterprise’s future effectiveness requires accounting for not only its financial results, but also for the efforts of employees to improve their qualification, to use information technologies, to use rationally natural resources. Those who analyse the enterprise’s activity in different aspects encounter problems of the object’s intercomparison due to the variability of the indexes. Data Envelopment Analysis allows to put the objects into a line according to a lot of criteria expressed in various measures, and to choose a number of input and output indexes. The paper presents the aspects estimating the future of an enterprise, the results of enterprise activity effectiveness evaluation using the Data Envelopment Analysis method, and a discussion about the possibilities to use this method.
Trends of the Investment Fund Industry Development
Authors: Simanauskas Leonas , Kucko Irena
Published: June 2020

The research object of the present work is one of the elements of the financial system, the so-called alternative investment instrument - investment fund. The concept of investment fund is used here in the sense of publicly offered open-ended funds invested in transferable securities and money market funds, which refers to “mutual fund” in the US and UCITS’ in FEFSI’s2 statistics on the European investment funds industry. In Lithuania, the equivalent of investment fund is a variable capital investment company.Under the conditions produced by globalization when the spectrum of services and financial instruments is widening dramatically, competition between financial institutions is growing and mergers appear, the development of a financial system and its sensitivity to changes in global finance is an actual problem for Lithuania; as the financial system develops, the level of living and the average gross monthly earnings increase, the need for investing arises. The trends of the Lithuanian investment fund industry are analysed in relation to the European experience, that’s why the history and factors of development allocation of assets between different fund types of the European investment fund industry are examined.The purpose of this article is to examine the origin and rapid development of investment funds and to analyse trends of investment funds industry development.The methods used: analysis and generalization of scientific works and statistical data.
Application of Conceptions of Non-profit Marketing in Professional Training of the Unemployed
Authors: Šmergelienė Valdonė
Published: June 2020

This article deals with the usage of elements of marketing in the services of professional training of unemployed people. The majority of organisations that work in professional training belong to the non-profit sector. The usage of marketing concepts in these circumstances is highly specific and has to address the characteristics of both public and non-profit sectors. Quite often the main problem is the lack of a really systematic approach in attempting to understand the effects of nonprofit I social marketing. In the sphere of professional training of the unemployed, it is important to use marketing elements at all levels: at a state level, regional level, institutional level and even at an individual client level. All organizations acting in this sphere can apply the concepts of marketing, i.e. those of non-profit marketing, marketing of labour market, marketing of education, and social marketing.
The Challenges HRM Must Face under Flexible Work Arrangements (Case of the Slovak Republic)
Authors: Bajzikova Lubica , Sajgalikova Helena
Published: June 2020

The research seeks to examine the background to the growing importance of this theme in Europe, the views and strategies of the parties involved (employers, employees, and governments), the impact of the new legislation and the application of labour flexibility in new market economies. The research finds that it is unfortunate that only incomplete and disparate statistics and analyses are currently available. An international comparison in this area can thus be only of a quality nature. The regulation of working time in Western Europe followed a number of rules which steadily became general throughout the continent, The application of the new forms (functional flexibility, financial/wage flexibility, labour mobility flexible patterns and organisation of work) is gradually introduced, mapping the employment developments of the EU Member States. However, the application of the policies in practice is mostly more difficult than expected and the implementation problems differ from one form to another. The problems identified in the Slovak Republic can be summarized as follows: gaps in legislation, insufficient managerial competencies to master new flexible forms, rigidness of working habits of both managers and employees, cultural barriers.
Situation in the Capital Market of Slovakia
Authors: Baran Dušan
Published: June 2020

The Slovakia capital market development encompassing the beginning of 1989 when the political situation was changed till the present situation is analyzed. The main stages of privatization, namely small-scale and large-scale, and the first and second wave of the latter, are analyzed emphasizing their advantages and disadvantages. Protection of investors’ rights is one of the main issues of the present capital market in Slovakia. The possible ways of dealing with this problem and consequences are discussed also. Statistical data showing the development of the Slovak capital market in the context of European countries are presented.
Darbuotojų kompetencija - organizacijos konkurencingumą lemiantis veiksnys
Authors: Čiutienė Rūta , Šarkiūnaitė Ingrida
Published: June 2020

Šiuolaikinėje aplinkoje darbuotojų kompetencija yra laikoma vienu iš svarbiausių veiksnių, darančių įtaką organizacijų konkurencingumui ir veiklos efektyvumui. Kiekviena organizacija siekdama konkurencingumo turėtų rūpintis darbuotojų kompetencijos ugdymu. Šiame straipsnyje pateikiama keleto autorių kompetencijos interpretacija, apibūdinama kompetencijos svarba, išskiriant vadybinę kompetenciją, organizacijos veikloje, bei plačiausiai paplitę požiūriai į vadybinę kompetenciją. Kompetencijų modelio kūrimas organizacijoje laikomas svarbia personalo valdymo proceso dalimi, kuriai reikia skirti ypatingą dėmesį, norint atlikti modelių koregavimą reikia nuolatinio atnaujinimo atsižvelgiant į aplinkos reikalavimus. Šiame straipsnyje analizuojama kompetencijų modelių kūrimo svarba, esminiai principai pateikiant užsienio kompanijų patirtį. Vakarų šalyse atliekama tyrimų siekiant išsiaiškinti, kokią įtaką darbuotojų kompetencijų ugdymas turi organizacijų veiklos rezultatams. Straipsnyje pateikiami šių tyrimų rezultatai ir jų interpretacijos.
Regioninės politikos įgyvendinimo vertinimas Europos Sąjungos kontekstu
Authors: Simanavičienė Žaneta , Kilijonienė Akvilė
Published: June 2020

Straipsnyje pateikiami bendri teoriniai regioninės politikos aspektai, taip pat nagrinėjamas regioninės politikos įgyvendinimas, apibūdinamas regioninės politikos įgyvendinimo vertinimas pagal sudarytą struktūrogramą, pateikiama moksliškai pagrįsta regioninės politikos įgyvendinimo vertinimo metodika, remiantis šią metodika atliekamas regioninės politikos įgyvendinimo vertinimas Europos Sąjungos kontekstu.
Optimalaus vertybinių popierių portfelio sudarymo ypatumai
Authors: Vasiliauskaitė Deimantė
Published: June 2020

Paprastai finansinėje literatūroje portfelio sudarymas yra traktuojamas griežtai teoriniu lygmeniu. Pagal Markowitz modelį investuotojas turi tam tikras galimybes, ir jis pasirenka geriausią portfelį, remdamasis abejingumo kreivėmis ir efektyvumo riba. Kita vertus, CAPM modelis yra pristatomas kaip išradinga idėja, kuri supaprastina ir padaro efektyvų Markowitz modelį. Daugelis teoretikų ir net praktikų apibendrina šiuos modelius kaip nepritaikomą teoriją. Tai yra tiesiog racionalus elgesys, kurio dažniausiai galima tikėtis, susipažinus su sudėtingais skaičiavimo metodais.Tyrimo tikslas - pritaikyti praktiškai minėtus optimizavimo modelius, kuriuos galėtų pakartoti kiekvienas investuotojas, t. y. pratęsti tai, ką darė tokie autoriai: Slack (1972); Merton (1973) ir vėliau Levy ir Sarnat (1982); Elton ir Gruber (1995) ir Senninga (1997). Jie teigė, kad optimalus portfelis gali būti surastas maksimizuojant nuolydį linijos, kuri jungia nerizikingos palūkanų normos tašką su efektyvia riba. Kai yra pasiekiama maksimali liestinė, tada minėta linija yra vadinama kapitalo rinkos tiese (CML), kuri yra efektyvios ribos liestinė.Tyrimo objektas - vertybinių popierių rinka.Tyrimo metodai - mokslinės literatūros analizė ir sintezė, kiekybiniai matematiniai ir statistiniai duomenų apdorojimo metodai.
Two Paradigms of Economic Development in CEE Countries
Authors: Gylys Povilas
Published: June 2020

The direction of economic development depends on the paradigmatic framework in which economic reality is perceived. In the framework of holistic paradigm also public and not only private goods are understood as economic goods. Correspondingly, the public sector is enclosed into economy. The individualistic approach presupposes reduction of economic reality to market and overtly or covertly negative attitude towards public sector as non-economic. The phenomenon of reflexiveness is present here. Methodological holism and methodological individualism give birth to different strategies of economic policy and finally lead to different outcomes of economic development.
Assessing Moving Targets: the Impact of Transition Stages on Entrepreneurship Development
Authors: Aidis Ruta , Sauka Arnis
Published: June 2020

An issue that has recently gained in importance in transitional literature is the need to develop a thriving small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector since it can contribute significantly to innovation, job creation and economic growth. However, the specific characteristics of SMEs make them especially vulnerable to changes in the legal, social and environmental context. In this paper we are interested in the barriers that SME development encounters during different stages in the transition process. There is no consensus regarding ‘transition stages’, yet various indicators measuring certain aspects of transition progress have been developed. For this paper, we apply a selection of indicators proposed in previous research to approximate three transitional stages that would make sense from an entrepreneurship development perspective. We utilise these indicators to categorise 23 transition countries into transitional stages. On the basis of that utilisation we develop a framework in which we can identify SME development trends based on our analysis of the 25 empirical studies on constraints facing SMEs in transition countries. Our preliminary results indicate that more fundamental barriers related to legal issues are more characteristic of the early stages of transition, while more specific constraints related to human resources and skill development characterise later transition stages.
Re-Mapping Russia from the Viewpoint of Foreign Investors - Applying a Self-Organizing Map in the Context of Russian Regions
Authors: Jumpponen Jari , Ilonen Jarmo , Laakkonen Venla
Published: June 2020

When a foreign company enters Russia, it has plenty of choices for choosing a favourable location. A country with 17 million square kilometres, 33 cities with more than 0,5 million inhabitants and 89 different administrative regions contains a wide selection of alternatives. Even though these 89 regions have different resources, there are apparent similarities when comparing their socio-economic indicators, which in turn describe the business environment where a company operates.This paper analyses the regional economic similarities (and dissimilarities) of the 89 Russian regions from the viewpoint of a foreign investor. The aim is to test how Russian regions could be categorized by using the self-organizing map (SOM) method (Kohonen, 1995). The SOM is a hierarchypreserving non-linear mapping, which can organize similar regions close to each other based on their numerical data. In addition, the SOM has many beneficial properties, such as tolerance of incomplete and missing data, and it has been successfully used in similar tasks, such as in forecasting bankruptcies, future prices, workplace behaviour and energy use (Wong, 1996). The goals of this paper are to find out: 1) what Finnish companies are seeking when investing in Russia (market, resource, efficiency, strategic asset); 2) which are the most decisive external factors affecting the investment decision-making; and 3) whether utilizing self-organizing maps (SOM) are adequate in analyzing the Finnish enterprises’ investment decision-making grounds in Russian regions.In this study we utilize some 50 socio-economic indicators provided by the Russian State Statistics Committee, Goskomstat. Since not all the indicators are of equal weight in the decision-making process of a foreign investing company, in this study we conducted a survey among Finnish enterprises in order to find out the reciprocal dynamics of these indicators. On the basis of these results, the Russian regions will be categorized by utilizing the SOM. Thus, in comparison to existing investment potentiality ratings (see for example RAExpert, 2002), this study provides a unique and valuable insight into Russian regions from the viewpoint of investing Finnish enterprises. This study of Russian regions, applying self-organizing maps, provides a useful insight into the understanding of the uniqueness of Russian regional economic discrepancies.
Measuring Performance in Marketing
Authors: Thomas Michael
Published: June 2020

This article draws attention to the importance of the capabilities of the new member states of the European Union and public accountability under increased competitive pressure. Among the topics dicussed in the paper are the role of global marketing players and the concept of measuring marketing, in which three levels of measurement are distinguished. A model is presented in which marketing measures are applied toward measuring and creating value, the main elements of which are brand building and brand development.
Role of Foreign Banking Institutions in the European Union’s New Financial Markets
Authors: Dubauskas Gediminas , Kowalski Tadeusz , Vensel Vello
Published: June 2020

The aim of this paper is to analyze the influence of foreign capital on the commercial banking sector of the emerging markets. The entry of foreign banks into the markets of Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs) has been rapid, remarkable and massive. This paper presents some empirical results of foreign banks’ entry, activities, operation and strategies in four CEECs (Estonia, Lithuania, Poland, and Romania); the first three of them have already joined the European Union integrated financial market in May 2004. The paper is based on a special survey results obtained by the authors from domestic and foreign-owned banks in these countries. Meanwhile mergers and acquisitions of the domestic banks are rather technical details of a foreign capital influx. According to our results, the main incentives motivating foreign entry have been to exploit new business opportunities and/or market expansion strategies. The host country market specifics, advantages and disadvantages of foreign banks, main target groups, and fields of activities, as well as foreign banks’ motives for strategic long-term stay in the host country market some more important characteristics of banks’ governance and management are also discussed. Interesting are the questions who are the key decision-makers in the majority of foreign-owned banks, how banks have adopted knowhow and risk management systems from the mother bank, how the mother bank helps its daughter in the host country, etc. The issues of the competitive pressure by foreign banks and the domestic banks’ survival prospects are also addressed in the paper.
Evaluation, Criticism and Alternative Forms of the Development Models From a Historical Perspective: the Case of Turkey and Hungary
Authors: Gokdemir Levent
Published: June 2020

In this study, firstly the macroeconomic situation and development problems of developing countries (Turkey and Hungary) will be presented by certain indicators. With a critical approach, traditional development models will be examined; alternative models that could contribute to solving the problems of developing countries, especially transition economies of Eastern Europe, will be explained and a stable development process for them will be outlined. In this respect, as a suggestion of solution, the state and the planning should be placed in the center of the economy.The main theme of this study is to criticize the traditional development models and to guide the developing countries by explaining the alternative development models.
The Double-Trump Decision Management Model in Global Exchange
Authors: Rutkauskas Aleksandras Vytautas
Published: June 2020

The main goal of the article is to reveal the content of the so-called “double trump” decision management model in the global currency market and to present possibilities and results of its practical application. This model is developed on the basis of the author’s earlier proposed model of adequate investment decision evaluation portfolio, and it was experimentally implemented with the aid of a special currency rate change forecasting system using the FOREX global currency rate market data. The investigation was carried out using real FOREX data for the period from 11 December 2004 to 10 October 2005.The conceptual aim of the article is to broaden the discussion about financial market efficiency by testing market efficiency theory not through an attempt to defeat the market. but through proving market homogeneity, i.e. proving that there are always non-efficiency shoals in the market. when it is possible to elaborate a decision strategy allowing an advantage over the real market decisions over a rather long period of time.The pragmatic aim of the research is to find the possibilities and means of decision management in the currency market strategies advantageous over particular market decisions in general. Continuous development and practical use of such strategies should help in forming market intelligence.
The Influence of Product Quality Comparative Testing Results on the Market
Authors: Ruževičius Juozas
Published: June 2020

The main purpose of this article has been to prove the influence of product quality comparative testing results on the market, to demonstrate the importance of comparative testing of consumer products as a means of consumer information and consultation, to analyse its methodology and impact on market structures as well as on the behaviour of companies and consumers, and to determine possibilities for the practical application of comparative testing in Lithuania. The key objectives have been to analyse the framework of Lithuanian governmental institutions and public organisations responsible for the formulation and implementation of consumer policies, and their capabilities to perform product testing. In addition, peculiarities of the consumer market as well as the need for product information, which are both important factors for product testing, have been overviewed.Utilising comparative product testing methodology and research on how test results could be applied, it can be said that the formation of an independent, well-informed consumer base able to make calculated decisions requires planned and concentrated governmental efforts. Comparative product testing is one of the tools available for consumer education and information. Its significance and effectiveness in creating a consumer society such as this cannot be denied.When creating a comparative product testing system in Lithuania we need to take into account the experience of other Western countries in this field, as well as the potentiality of Lithuanian institutions to prepare and conduct testing of certain products. Research shows that at present in Lithuania it is food products which lend themselves most readily to product testing, while services fare worst. From the technological and economic viewpoints, co-operation among the Baltic States and any prior specialisation in this area would be useful when conducting product quality comparative testing.
Šiuolaikiniai mokslo plėtros instrumentai: pasaulio patirtis ir pamokos
Authors: Čekanavičius Linas , Samalavičius Almantas
Published: June 2020

Daugeliui pasaulio šalių būdingą mokslo tyrimų fragmentaciją, dubliavimą, silpnoką sąsają su verslu ir viešuoju sektoriumi, atotrūkį nuo tiesioginių ekonominės ir socialinės raidos poreikių vis dažniau mėginama įveikti diegiant naujas pažangias institucines mokslo organizacijas: kompetencijos centrus, kompetencijos tinklus ir pažangių tyrimų institutus. Straipsnyje nagrinėjami šių inovatyvių mokslo plėtros institucinių instrumentų kūrimo tikslai ir motyvai, esminiai jų bruožai ir konkrečios veikimo formos, apžvelgiama nacionalinė įvairių šalių ir regionų patirtis juos kuriant ir plėtojant. Analizuojami kompetencijos centrų bei tinklų ir pažangių tyrimų institutų panašumai ir skirtumai, pabrėžiamas šių mokslo plėtros instrumentų komplementarumas. Straipsnis baigiamas trumpa kritine Lietuvos mokslo dabartinės būklės apžvalga ir situacijos gerinimo galimybių įvertinimu.
Ekonomikos fakulteto mokslinių tyrimų rezultatai “Ekonomikos” žurnale
Authors: Simanauskas Leonas
Published: June 2020

Nagrinėjamos žurnalo EKONOMIKA pastarųjų penkerių metų publikacijos, tematikos įvairovė, išryškinamas Ekonomikos fakulteto pedagoginio personalo dalyvavimas jo darbe. Įvardijami konkretūs moksliniai straipsniai, jų autoriai.
Globalization Drivers and their Impact on Lithuanian Economic Growth and Development
Authors: Jatuliavičienė Gražina , Kučinskienė Marija
Published: June 2020

The article offers a discussion focusing on the concept of globalization discussed from different perspectives on the global scale. The fundamental elements of the global business drivers, which identify where domestic, multinational, global companies and countries can benefit most from globalization processes likely to affect the future development perspectives are presented. Special attention is given to understanding globalization as a bundle of processes rather than an end-state. The importance of the Index of Economic Freedom for globalization is discussed on an example of empirical research of the Baltic States, highlighting the Lithuanian positive movements. The current Lithuanian competitive position depends on the capabilities to seize the opportunities offered by globalization and to utilize its core competences in strategic decision-making, leading to the economic development and growth.The methods that were used while preparing the article were analysis of scientific literature, logical analysis of economic indicators, and modeling.
Energijos vartojimo efektyvumo didinimo skatinimas Lietuvoje
Authors: Štreimikienė Dalia , Mikalauskienė Asta , Širvys Giedrius
Published: June 2020

Straipsnyje susisteminami Lietuvoje taikomi įvairūs instrumentai, skirti energijos vartojimo efektyvumui didinti. Šie skatinimo arba valstybės intervencijos į rinkas instrumentai yra būtini, norint įveikti rinkos ydas ir kliūtis, stabdančias energijos vartojimo efektyvumo didinimo priemonių plėtrą. Energijos vartojimo efektyvumas straipsnyje yra traktuojamas kaip taupus visų energijos nešiklių (tiek kuro, skirto energijai gaminti, tiek elektros, šilumos ir kt. energijos formų) vartojimas. Straipsnio tikslas - išanalizuoti Lietuvoje šiuo metu taikomus skatinimo instrumentus, skirtus energijos vartojimo efektyvumui didinti, bei įvertinti jų įtaką energijos intensyvumui mažėti Lietuvoje ir apžvelgti naujų lanksčių skatinimo instrumentų įgyvendinimo galimybes, remiantis kitų šalių patirtimi. Straipsnyje nustatytos energijos intensyvumo kitimo tendencijos Lietuvoje ir susisteminti Lietuvoje taikomi teisiniai, instituciniai, finansiniai, fiskaliniai ir kt. skatinimo instrumentai energijos vartojimo efektyvumui didinti. Taip pat straipsnyje išanalizuotos galimybės sujungti lanksčius energijos vartojimo efektyvumo didinimo skatinimo instrumentus su kitomis lanksčiomis aplinkosauginėmis poveikio priemonėmis (prekyba šiltnamio dujų emisijomis ir prekyba žaliaisiais sertifikatais) bei pateikti skatinimo instrumentų energijos vartojimo efektyvumui didinti plėtros Lietuvoje pasiūlymai.
Darbdavio įvaizdis Lietuvoje: ekonominis kontekstas
Authors: Marčinskas Albinas , Paulauskaitė Loreta , Drūteikienė Greta
Published: June 2020

Darbdavio patrauklumą nulemiantys bruožai skirtingose šalyse, atsižvelgiant į kultūrą, ekonominį išsivystymą, darbo rinkos specifiką ir kitus panašius aspektus skiriasi, todėl šio straipsnio tikslas - išsiaiškinti, kokia padėtis Lietuvoje ir kuo pasižymi Lietuvos patraukliausi darbdaviai. Siekiant būti patraukliam darbdaviui Lietuvoje, reikia žinoti, kokie yra šios šalies potencialių darbuotojų lūkesčiai, kas jiems svarbu, sprendžiant apie darbdavio patrauklumą, ir kokie kriterijai iš tiesų lemia šį darbdavio įvaizdžio bruožą.
Regionų konkurencingumo vertinimo teoriniai aspektai
Authors: Simanavičienė Žaneta , Bruneckienė Jurgita , Šimberova Iveta
Published: June 2020

Straipsnyje analizuojami bendrieji šalies konkurencingumo modeliai regionų aspektu bei moksliniai darbai, kuriuose empiriškai vertinamas regionų konkurencingumas. Išskirti šalies konkurencingumo modelių pranašumai ir trūkumai išryškino regionų konkurencingumo vertinimo sudėtingumą ir kompleksiškumą. Mokslinėje literatūroje paskelbtų konkurencingumo koncepcijų ir empirinių tyrimų sisteminė, loginė ir lyginamoji analizė leido išskirti metodologinius principus ir siūlymus, taikytinus vertinant regionų konkurencingumą bei pabrėžė teoriškai pagrįsto ir susisteminto regionų konkurencingumo modelio svarbą atliekant konkurencingumo vertinimą.
Logistinės funkcijos taikymas ribinių dydžių dėsningumų analizėje
Authors: Girdzijauskas Stasys , Štreimikienė Dalia
Published: June 2020

Straipsnyje nagrinėjami logistinės funkcijos taikymo ribinių dydžių dėsningumų analizėje klausimai. Terminas “logistika” čia sietinas su aprūpinimu, t. y. tam tikrų išteklių naudojimo galimybe ir jų ribotumu, nes daugelis procesų yra ribojami išorės veiksnių. Ekonomikos teorijoje plačiai taikomi ribiniai dydžiai, kuriems būdingas mažėjimo dėsningumas, tačiau ekonominėje teorijoje pasigendama nustatytos matematinės išraiškos šiems dėsningumams aprašyti. Logistinės funkcijos taikymas leistų šiuos ribinių dydžių mažėjimo procesus formalizuoti ir matematiškai aprašyti, tai palengvintų šių dėsningumų pritaikymą ekonominiams procesams prognozuoti ir valdyti. Ypač svarbu yra rasti prisotinimo, arba pusiausvyros, tašką, išreiškiantį optimalų prekių ar gamybos veiksnių pasirinkimą, po kurio ribinis efektyvumas ar naudingumas ima mažėti.
Rinkodaros komplekso sąnaudų struktūros optimizavimas kaip verslo tvarios plėtros priemonė
Authors: Rutkauskas Aleksandras Vytautas , Stasytytė Viktorija , Ginevičius Adomas
Published: June 2020

Straipsnyje sprendžiama operacinės rinkodaros sąnaudų valdymo problema, kai, naudojant rinkodaros matematinių ir loginių modelių sistemą, yra optimizuojama rinkodaros komplekso sąnaudų struktūra. A priori įvertinus ribinį sąnaudų kiekvienai rinkodaros komplekso priemonei efektą kaip stochastinį dydį, parenkama tokia rinkodaros komplekso sąnaudų struktūros valdymo strategija, kuri leidžia formuoti verslo plėtros variantus, atsižvelgiant į jų efektyvumą, riziką ir patikimumą. Ši problema yra sprendžiama remiantis adekvataus investicijos pelno galimybių stochastinei prigimčiai portfelio logika ir technika.
Editorial Board and Table of Contents
Authors: Journal Ekonomika
Published: June 2020

[text in English]