bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Agrotechnological Tools on cv. Rubin Apples Quality
Authors: Laužikė Kristina , Uselis Nobertas , Samuolienė Giedrė
Published: March 2021

With the growing demand for quality food in the world, there is a new ambition to produce high-quality apples seeking reduced cultivation costs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of agrotechnological tools on the quality of cv. Rubin apples during the harvest. The apple tree (Malus domestica Borkh.) cv. Rubin was grafted on dwarfing rootstocks P60, planted in single rows spaced 1.25 m between trees and 3.5 m between rows. Six agrotechnological tools were used—hand pruning, mechanical pruning, trunk incision, calcium-prohexadione, summer pruning and mechanical pruning one side, changing sides annually. The agrotechnical tools had no significant effect on accumulation of most sugars and elements, malic, folic and succinic acids in the fruits. Mechanical pruning resulted in significant accumulation of phenolic compounds, antioxidants, ascorbic acid, but reduced the amount of glucose compared to hand pruning. However, the trunk incision or spraying with ca-prohexadione together with mechanical pruning had no significant effect on sugar content but resulted in significantly higher amounts of phenols, antioxidants, ascorbic acid, Fe and Mn and reduced starch and citric acid.
Seasonal Variations of Volcanic Ash and Aerosol Emissions around Sakurajima Detected by Two Lidars
Authors: Shimizu Atsushi , Iguchi Masato , Nakamichi Haruhisa
Published: March 2021

Two polarization-sensitive lidars were operated continuously to monitor the three-dimensional distribution of small volcanic ash particles around Sakurajima volcano, Kagoshima, Japan. Here, we estimated monthly averaged extinction coefficients of particles between the lidar equipment and the vent and compared our results with monthly records of volcanic activity reported by the Japan Meteorological Agency, namely the numbers of eruptions and explosions, the density of ash fall, and the number of days on which ash fall was observed at the Kagoshima observatory. Elevated extinction coefficients were observed when the surface wind direction was toward the lidar. Peaks in extinction coefficient did not always coincide with peaks in ash fall density, and these differences likely indicate differences in particle size.
The Impact of Two MMPI-2-Based Models of Personality in Predicting Driving Behavior. Can Demographic Variables Be Disregarded?
Authors: Tinella Luigi , Caffò Alessandro Oronzo , Lopez Antonella , Grattagliano Ignazio , Bosco Andrea
Published: March 2021

The driver’s personality is a key human factor for the assessment of the fitness to drive (FTD), affecting driving decisions and behavior, with consequences on driving safety. No previous study has investigated the effectiveness of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)-2 scales for predicting the FTD. The present study aimed to compare two MMPI-2-based models of normal and pathological personality traits (i.e., Inventory of Driving-related Personality Traits (IVPE)-MMPI vs. Personality Psychopathology Five (PSY-5) scale) in predicting the cognitive FTD. One hundred young and eighty-seven adult active drivers completed the MMPI-2 questionnaire as a measure of personality and a computerized driving task measuring for resilience of attention (Determination Test (DT)), reaction speed (Reaction Test (RS)), motor speed (MS), and perceptual speed (Adaptive Tachistoscopic Traffic Perception Test (ATAVT)). The effects of age, gender, and education were also controlled. Results showed that the models controlled for demographics overperformed those neglecting them for each driving outcome. A negative effect of age was found on each driving task; the effect of gender, favoring males, was found in both the RS and the MS, and the effect of education was found on the DT and the ATAVT. Concerning personality traits, significant effects were found of sensation seeking (IVPE-MMPI) on each outcome; of anxiety (as a measure of emotional instability; IVPE-MMPI) and introversion (PSY-5) on the measures of MS; and of psychopathic deviation (as a measure of self-control; IVPEMMPI) on the DT. The study confirmed the key role of demographic factors in influencing the FTD, further suggesting the usefulness of some MMPI2-based personality scales in the assessment of driving-related personality determinants.
Metasurface-Enhanced Antennas for Microwave Brain Imaging
Authors: Razzicchia Eleonora , Lu Pan , Guo Wei , Karadima Olympia , Sotiriou Ioannis , Ghavami Navid , Kallos Efthymios , Palikaras George , Kosmas Panagiotis
Published: March 2021

Stroke is a very frequent disorder and one of the major leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Timely detection of stroke is essential in order to select and perform the correct treatment strategy. Thus, the use of an efficient imaging method for an early diagnosis of this syndrome could result in an increased survival’s rate. Nowadays, microwave imaging (MWI) for brain stroke detection and classification has attracted growing interest due to its non-invasive and non-ionising properties. In this paper, we present a feasibility study with the goal of enhancing MWI for stroke detection using metasurface (MTS) loaded antennas. In particular, three MTS-enhanced antennas integrated in different brain scanners are presented. For the first two antennas, which operate in a coupling medium, we show experimental measurements on an elliptical brain-mimicking gel phantom including cylindrical targets representing the bleeding in haemorrhagic stroke (h-stroke) and the not oxygenated tissue in ischaemic stroke (i-stroke). The reconstructed images and transmission and reflection parameter plots show that the MTS loadings improve the performance of our imaging prototype. Specifically, the signal transmitted across our head model is indeed increased by several dB‘s over the desired frequency range of 0.5–2.0 GHz, and an improvement in the quality of the reconstructed images is shown when the MTS is incorporated in the system. We also present a detailed simulation study on the performance of a new printed square monopole antenna (PSMA) operating in air, enhanced by a MTS superstrate loading. In particular, our previous developed brain scanner operating in an infinite lossy matching medium is compared to two tomographic systems operating in air: an 8-PSMA system and an 8-MTS-enhanced PSMA system. Our results show that our MTS superstrate enhances the antennas’ return loss by around 5 dB and increases the signal difference due to the presence of a blood-mimicking target up to 25 dB, which leads to more accurate reconstructions. In conclusion, MTS structures may be a significant hardware advancement towards the development of functional and ergonomic MWI scanners for stroke detection.
International Investment Agreements Provisions and Foreign Direct Investment Flows in the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Region
Authors: Uttama Nathapornpan Piyaareekul
Published: March 2021

The international investment agreements (IIAs) are a strategic policy instrument that member countries could use to achieve win-win cooperation. Meanwhile, the extension of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) membership toward the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) membership has induced the rich and deep investment agreement that challenges the ASEAN countries to take advantage. This study demonstrates the effects of investment provisions in international investment agreements on the bilateral foreign direct investment (FDI) in the RCEP economies. It also investigates the effect of ASEAN membership on investment creation and investment diversion toward the RCEP region. Using panel data on RCEP countries during the period 2009 to 2018 and a Driscoll-Kraay standard errors estimator, the results show that the re-lationship between inward FDI and investment provisions in IIAs are positive and significant. Likewise, the investment protection, and promotion provisions in bilateral investment treaties have positive and significant effects on the inward FDI. Moreover, the findings indicate that the ASEAN membership tends to cause the investment creation toward the RCEP region; and it is a stepping stone on the road to the investment policy framework for sustainable development.
Anonymity and Inhibition in Newspaper Comments
Authors: Knustad Magnus , Johansson Christer
Published: March 2021

Newspaper comment sections allow readers to voice their opinion on a wide range of topics, provide feedback for journalists and editors and may enable public debate. Comment sections have been criticized as a medium for toxic comments. Such behavior in comment sections has been attributed to the effect of anonymity. Several studies have found a relationship between anonymity and toxic comments, based on laboratory conditions or the comparison of comments from different sites or platforms. The current study uses real-world data sampled from The Washington Post and The New York Times, where anonymous and non-anonymous users comment on the same articles. This sampling strategy decreases the possibility of interfering variables, ensuring that any observed differences between the two groups can be explained by anonymity. A small but significant relationship between anonymity and toxic comments was found, though the effects of both the newspaper and the direction of the comment were stronger. While it is true that non-anonymous commenters write fewer toxic comments, we observed that many of the toxic comments were directed at others than the article or author of the original article. This may indicate a way to restrict toxic comments, while allowing anonymity, by restricting the reference to others, e.g., by enforcing writers to focus on the topic.
Assessing Diversity, Plasmodium Infection and Blood Meal Sources in Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) from a Brazilian Zoological Park with Avian Malaria Transmission
Authors: Guimarães Lilian de Oliveira , Simões Roseli França , Chagas Carolina Romeiro Fernandes , Menezes Regiane Maria Tironi de , Silva Fabiana Santos , Monteiro Eliana Ferreira , Holcman Marcia Moreira , Bajay Miklos Maximiliano , Pinter Adriano , Camargo-Neves Vera Lucia Fonseca de , Kirchgatter Karin
Published: March 2021

Avian malaria parasites are widespread parasites transmitted by Culicidae insects belonging to different genera. Even though several studies have been conducted recently, there is still a lack of information about potential vectors of Plasmodium parasites, especially in Neotropical regions. Former studies with free-living and captive animals in São Paulo Zoo showed the presence of several Plasmodium and Haemoproteus species. In 2015, a pilot study was conducted at the zoo to collect mosquitoes in order to find out (i) which species of Culicidae are present in the study area, (ii) what are their blood meal sources, and (iii) to which Plasmodium species might they be potential vectors. Mosquitoes were morphologically and molecularly identified. Blood meal source and haemosporidian DNA were identified using molecular protocols. A total of 25 Culicidae species were identified, and 6 of them were positive for Plasmodium/Haemoproteus DNA. Ten mosquito species had their source of blood meal identified, which were mainly birds, including some species that were positive for haemosporidian parasites in the former study mentioned. This study allowed us to expand the list of potential vectors of avian malaria parasites and to improve our knowledge of the evolutionary and ecological relationships between the highly diverse communities of birds, parasites, and vectors present at São Paulo Zoo.
Inertial Microfluidics Enabling Clinical Research
Authors: Kalyan Srivathsan , Torabi Corinna , Khoo Harrison , Sung Hyun Woo , Choi Sung-Eun , Wang Wenzhao , Treutler Benjamin , Kim Dohyun , Hur Soojung Claire
Published: March 2021

Fast and accurate interrogation of complex samples containing diseased cells or pathogens is important to make informed decisions on clinical and public health issues. Inertial microfluidics has been increasingly employed for such investigations to isolate target bioparticles from liquid samples with size and/or deformability-based manipulation. This phenomenon is especially useful for the clinic, owing to its rapid, label-free nature of target enrichment that enables further downstream assays. Inertial microfluidics leverages the principle of inertial focusing, which relies on the balance of inertial and viscous forces on particles to align them into size-dependent laminar streamlines. Several distinct microfluidic channel geometries (e.g., straight, curved, spiral, contraction-expansion array) have been optimized to achieve inertial focusing for a variety of purposes, including particle purification and enrichment, solution exchange, and particle alignment for on-chip assays. In this review, we will discuss how inertial microfluidics technology has contributed to improving accuracy of various assays to provide clinically relevant information. This comprehensive review expands upon studies examining both endogenous and exogenous targets from real-world samples, highlights notable hybrid devices with dual functions, and comments on the evolving outlook of the field.
Hyperspectral Image Classification Based on Superpixel Pooling Convolutional Neural Network with Transfer Learning
Authors: Xie Fuding , Gao Quanshan , Jin Cui , Zhao Fengxia
Published: March 2021

Deep learning-based hyperspectral image (HSI) classification has attracted more and more attention because of its excellent classification ability. Generally, the outstanding performance of these methods mainly depends on a large number of labeled samples. Therefore, it still remains an ongoing challenge how to integrate spatial structure information into these frameworks to classify the HSI with limited training samples. In this study, an effective spectral-spatial HSI classification scheme is proposed based on superpixel pooling convolutional neural network with transfer learning (SP-CNN). The suggested method includes three stages. The first part consists of convolution and pooling operation, which is a down-sampling process to extract the main spectral features of an HSI. The second part is composed of up-sampling and superpixel (homogeneous regions with adaptive shape and size) pooling to explore the spatial structure information of an HSI. Finally, the hyperspectral data with each superpixel as a basic input rather than a pixel are fed to fully connected neural network. In this method, the spectral and spatial information is effectively fused by using superpixel pooling technique. The use of popular transfer learning technology in the proposed classification framework significantly improves the training efficiency of SP-CNN. To evaluate the effectiveness of the SP-CNN, extensive experiments were conducted on three common real HSI datasets acquired from different sensors. With 30 labeled pixels per class, the overall classification accuracy provided by this method on three benchmarks all exceeded 93%, which was at least 4.55% higher than that of several state-of-the-art approaches. Experimental and comparative results prove that the proposed algorithm can effectively classify the HSI with limited training labels.
Impact of Tree Crown Transmittance on Surface Reflectance Retrieval in the Shade for High Spatial Resolution Imaging Spectroscopy: A Simulation Analysis Based on Tree Modeling Scenarios
Authors: Adeline Karine R. M. , Briottet Xavier , Lefebvre Sidonie , Rivière Nicolas , Gastellu-Etchegorry Jean-Philippe , Vinatier Fabrice
Published: March 2021

With the advancement of high spatial resolution imaging spectroscopy, an accurate surface reflectance retrieval is needed to derive relevant physical variables for land cover mapping, soil, and vegetation monitoring. One challenge is to deal with tree shadows using atmospheric correction models if the tree crown transmittance Tc is not properly taken into account. This requires knowledge of the complex radiation mechanisms that occur in tree crowns, which can be provided by coupling the physical modeling of canopy radiative transfer codes (here DART) and the 3D representations of trees. First in this study, a sensitivity analysis carried out on DART simulations with an empirical 3D tree model led to a statistical regression predicting Tc from the tree leaf area index (LAI) and the solar zenith angle with good performances (RMSE ≤ 4.3% and R2 ≥ 0.91 for LAI ≤ 4 m2.m−2). Secondly, more realistic 3D voxel-grid tree models derived from terrestrial LiDAR measurements over two trees were considered. The comparison of DART-simulated Tc from these models with the previous predicted Tc over 0.4–2.5 µm showed three main sources of inaccuracy quoted in order of importance: (1) the global tree geometry shape (mean bias up to 21.5%), (2) the transmittance fraction associated to multiple scattering, Tscat (maximum bias up to 13%), and (3) the degree of realism of the tree representation (mean bias up to 7.5%). Results showed that neglecting Tc leads to very inaccurate reflectance retrieval (mean bias > 0.04), particularly if the background reflectance is high, and in the near and shortwave infrared – NIR and SWIR – due to Tscat. The transmittance fraction associated to the non-intercepted transmitted light, Tdir, can reach up to 95% in the SWIR, and Tscat up to 20% in the NIR. Their spatial contributions computed in the tree shadow have a maximum dispersion of 27% and 8% respectively. Investigating how to approximate Tdir and Tscat spectral and spatial variability along with the most appropriate tree 3D modeling is crucial to improve reflectance retrieval in tree shadows when using atmospheric correction models.
A Nonlinear Radiometric Normalization Model for Satellite Imgaes Time Series Based on Artificial Neural Networks and Greedy Algroithm
Authors: Yin Zhaohui , Zou Lejun , Sun Jiayu , Zhang Haoran , Zhang Wenyi , Shen Xiaohua
Published: March 2021

Satellite Image Time Series (SITS) is a data set that includes satellite images across several years with a high acquisition rate. Radiometric normalization is a fundamental and important preprocessing method for remote sensing applications using SITS due to the radiometric distortion caused by noise between images. Normalizing the subject image based on the reference image is a general strategy when using traditional radiometric normalization methods to normalize multi-temporal imagery (usually two or three scenes in different time phases). However, these methods are unsuitable for calibrating SITS because they cannot minimize the radiometric distortion between any pair of images in SITS. The existing relative radiometric normalization methods for SITS are based on linear assumptions, which cannot effectively reduce nonlinear radiometric distortion caused by continuously changing noise in SITS. To overcome this problem and obtain a more accurate SITS, we propose a nonlinear radiometric normalization model (NMAG) for SITS based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Greedy Algorithm (GA). In this method, GA is used to determine the correction order of SITS and calculate the error between the image to be corrected and normalized images, which avoids the selection of a single reference image. ANN is used to obtain the optimal solution of error function, which minimizes the radiometric distortion between different images in SITS. The SITS composed of 21 Landsat-8 images in Tianjin, China, from October 2017 to January 2019 was selected to test the method. We compared NMAG with other two contrast methods (Contrast Method 1 (CM1) and Contrast Method 2 (CM2)), and found that the average root mean square error (μRMSE) of NMAG (497.22) is significantly smaller than those of CM1 (641.39) and CM2 (543.47), and the accuracy of normalized SITS obtained using NMAG increases by 22.4% and 8.5% compared with CM1 and CM2, respectively. These experimental results confirm the effectiveness of NMAG in reducing radiometric distortion caused by continuously changing noise between images in SITS.
Underground Parking Lot Navigation System Using Long-Term Evolution Signal
Authors: Shin Beomju , Lee Jung Ho , Yu Changsu , Kim Chulki , Lee Taikjin
Published: March 2021

Some of the shopping malls, airports, hospitals, etc. have underground parking lots where hundreds of vehicles can be parked. However, first-time visitors find it difficult to determine their current location and need to keep moving the vehicle to find an empty parking space. Moreover, they need to remember the parked location, and find a nearby staircase or elevator to move toward the destination. In such a situation, if the user location can be estimated, a new navigation system can be offered, which can assist users. This study presents an underground parking lot navigation system using long-term evolution (LTE) signals. As the proposed system utilizes LTE network signals for which the infrastructure is already installed, no additional infrastructure is required. To estimate the location of the vehicle, the signal strength of the LTE signal is accumulated, and the location of the vehicle is estimated by comparing it with the previously stored database of the LTE received signal strength (RSS). In addition, the acceleration and gyroscope sensors of a smartphone are used to improve the vehicle position estimation performance. The effectiveness of the proposed system is verified by conducting an experiment in a large shopping-mall underground parking lot where approximately 500 vehicles can be parked. From the results of the experiment, an error of less than an average of 10 m was obtained, which shows that seamless navigation is possible using the proposed system even in an environment where GNSS does not function.
Mycotoxin Removal by Lactobacillus spp. and Their Application in Animal Liquid Feed
Authors: Ragoubi Chaima , Quintieri Laura , Greco Donato , Mehrez Amel , Maatouk Imed , D’Ascanio Vito , Landoulsi Ahmed , Avantaggiato Giuseppina
Published: March 2021

The removal of mycotoxins from contaminated feed using lactic acid bacteria (LAB) has been proposed as an inexpensive, safe, and promising mycotoxin decontamination strategy. In this study, viable and heat-inactivated L. acidophilus CIP 76.13T and L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus CIP 101027T cells were investigated for their ability to remove aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEA), and deoxynivalenol (DON) from MRS medium and PBS buffer over a 24 h period at 37 °C. LAB decontamination activity was also assessed in a ZEA-contaminated liquid feed (LF). Residual mycotoxin concentrations were determined by UHPLC-FLD/DAD analysis. In PBS, viable L. acidophilus CIP 76.13T and L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus CIP 101027T cells removed up to 57% and 30% of ZEA and DON, respectively, while AFB1 and OTA reductions were lower than 15%. In MRS, 28% and 33% of ZEA and AFB1 were removed, respectively; OTA and DON reductions were small (≤15%). Regardless of the medium, heat-inactivated cells produced significantly lower mycotoxin reductions than those obtained with viable cells. An adsorption mechanism was suggested to explain the reductions in AFB1 and OTA, while biodegradation could be responsible for the removal of ZEA and DON. Both viable LAB strains reduced ZEA by 23% in contaminated LF after 48 h of incubation. These findings suggest that LAB strains of L. acidophilus CIP 76.13T and L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus CIP 101027T may be applied in the feed industry to reduce mycotoxin contamination.
Avaliação da evapotranspiração potencial em área de Mata Atlântica, Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga, São Paulo, SP
Authors: Funari Frederico Luiz , Pereira Filho Augusto José
Published: March 2021

A finalidade deste trabalho é determinar a evapotranspiração potencial em uma área do bioma de Mata Atlântica, inserida na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo (RMSP), a partir de medições obtidas em estações meteorológicas convencional e au­tomática instaladas no Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga (PEFI), em São Paulo, SP. O cálculo da evapotranspiração potencial foi determinado a partir da partição do balanço de energia, usando o método da razão de Bowen, e pelo método Penman­-Monteith, padrão recomendado pela FAO – Food and Agriculture Organization. Os valores obtidos foram 3,1 mm pelo balanço de energia e 3,0 mm pelo método Penman­-Monteith, com alto coeficiente de correlação (r = 0,9467). Os valores são semelhantes aos obtidos em outras áreas da Mata Atlântica, como na Ilha do Cardoso (2,8 mm) e em Cunha (2,8 mm), ambos no estado de São Paulo.
Keberhasilan Usaha Kuliner Dilihat Dari Faktor Karakteristik dan Pengetahuan Kewirausahaan (Studi Kasus Usaha Kuliner Ayam Penyet)
Authors: Nasution Amrin Mulia Utama , Lailikhatmisafitri Isnaniah , Marbun Patar
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine the success of the culinary business. Judging from the Characteristics and Knowledge of Entrepreneurship in the Penyet Chicken culinary business, the research was conducted in several locations of the Ayam Penyet culinary business in Medan Tembung and Medan Perjuangan districts. When the research was conducted from August 2020 to September 2020 the number of samples in this study were 35 respondents with Characteristics Variables (X1), which had a positive and significant effect on business success, this was seen from the significant value (0.034) <0.05 and the t value (2.225 )> t table (1,988), meaning that even though the knowledge variable is increased by one unit (unit), the success of the Penyet Chicken Culinary business (Y) will increase by 0.424 units (units). Knowledge variable (X2) has a positive and significant effect on business success, this can be seen from the significant value (0.041) <0.05 and the t value (2.132)> t table (1.988) means that if the characteristic variable is increased by one unit (unit) then the success of the Penyet Chicken Culinary business (Y) will increase by 0.530 units (units). The results of the F test show that the Entrepreneurial Characteristics and Entrepreneurial Knowledge simultaneously have a significant effect on the Success of Penyet Chicken Culinary Business.
PENGARUH INFUSA DAUN KELOR (Moringa oleifera Lamk) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN MIKROBIOLOGI DAN ORGANOLEPTIK DAGING BABI GILING SEGAR
Authors: Ka'auni Maria Taroci , Kallau Novalino H. G. , Wuri Diana Agustiani
Published: March 2021

Moringa oleifera Lamk is a shrub with a height of 7-11 m and thrives from the lowlands to an altitude of 700 m above sea level. Moringa can grow in tropical and subtropical areas on all types of soil and is resistant to dry spells for 6 months. Its high nutritional value, properties and benefits have earned Moringa the nickname Mother's Best friend and the Miracle Tree. In addition, moringa plants also have benefits as antioxidants and antimicrobials so that they can be used as preservatives. This study aims to determine the benefits of adding Moringa oleifera Lamk leaf infusion to the quality of pork minced meat.This research is an experimental laboratory research. The samples used in this study were 48 samples of ground thigh pork (biceps femoris), and this study used a fully randomized design factor pattern.The quality parameters of the meat samples examined are color, the smell, texture, pH, Postma test and Total Plate Count (TPC). The results showed that the addition of moring leaf infusion changed color, aroma an d eczema. The Postma test shows that the K3 group can last up to 6 hours. The TPC value in the K3 group is below the SNI contamination limit for 6 hours.
Play in the Time of Crisis
Authors: Novak Angela Marie
Published: March 2021

Play is essential for children and adults. it is even more needed now, in the times of crisis. This brief article, geared towards parents of gifted children, discusses why play, why now, and some ideas of how to play even now, during a pandemic.
Explorando a matemática e a física com o robô seguidor de linha na perspectiva da robótica livre
Authors: Guimarães Daniel da Silveira , Silva Élida Alves da , Barbosa Fernando da Costa
Published: March 2021

Este trabalho propicia uma ferramenta para exploração de conteúdos matemáticos de maneira instigante. É um desafio para os professores da Educação Básica fomentar a participação ativa de estudantes na construção do próprio conhecimento. Neste contexto, a produção de instrumentos que facilitem a inovação em aulas de Matemática é relevante. A investigação, na qual se baseia este texto, foi desenvolvida a partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e da construção/experimentação de um robô seguidor de linha, na perspectiva do reaproveitamento de sucata e exploração da matemática subjacente. Como resultado, apresenta-se uma proposta de material didático de apoio, onde é tratada a construção de um seguidor de linha totalmente sustentável e são descritas possibilidades de abordagem de diversos conteúdos, evidenciando problemas que constituem desafios matemáticos e físicos. Outros pontos fortes da proposta são: possibilitar o acesso às contribuições dessa abordagem na educação pública e promover uma sensibilização a respeito da necessidade de preservação do meio ambiente, reutilizando materiais eletrônicos na produção de robôs e abordando o descarte correto dos materiais que não serão (re)aproveitados.
Serum Level of Uromodulin as an Early Predictor Marker of Kidney Disorders
Authors: El-Shebini Salwa Mostafa , Essa Hend A. , Moaty Maha I. A. , Ahmed Nihad H. , Hussein Ahmed M. S. , Mohamed Magda S. , Tapozada Salwa T.
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: Metabolic diseases are known to be risk factors of kidney injury. The glycoprotein Uromodulin Tamm-Horsfall protein is a biochemical marker specifically synthesized and secreted by kidney tubular epithelial cells.
AIM: The study aimed to use novel biochemical parameters to predict early changes in renal functions and to use natural food supplements to help in the prevention and management of such conditions.
METHODS: Crossover studies comparing two interventions trials. Subjects: Seventy obese females were included in this study. They were divided in two groups, first group (34 women) with mean age 45.82 ± 1.51 and mean body mass index (BMI) 35.65 ± 0.68 kg/m2, and second group (36 women) with mean age 49.80 ± 2.27, and mean BMI 37.67 ± 1.59. Intervention: All participants have followed a low caloric balanced regimen (1000–1200 Kcal/day) of the each groups consumed a different specific nutritional supplement composed mainly of whole grains and herbs. All patients were monitored clinically, anthropometrically, dietary 24 h recall and biochemically.
RESULTS: After intervention all the recorded anthropometric parameters showed significant decreases at p ≤ 0.05–0.01. The serum uromodulin (sUMOD) increased significantly after intervention in both groups the increments were 15.56 and 9.37%. Numerically creatinine and urea decreased, while creatinine clearance increased.
CONCLUSION: Data revealed the importance of using dietary therapy composed of hypocaloric diet with supplements made from whole grains and special herbs in management of obesity and its metabolic disorders. sUMOD proved to be an accurate biochemical marker that showed the kidneys’ response to the management in comparison to using usual diagnostic markers.
The Potential of Nano Curcumin in Preventing the Formation of Artificial Antisperm Antibody in Wistar Rats through Inflammatory Pathway Regulation
Authors: Pramudhito Didit , Sugandi Suwandi , Parwati Ida , Sujatno Muchtan , Soetojo Soetojo
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: Immunological mechanisms of infertility are still poorly understood and controversial, both the cause and treatment. Inflammation, immunology, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and cell survival are influenced by several proteins, including nuclear factor kappa-B (NFĸB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-10 (IL-10).
AIM: This study aimed to explore the potential of nano curcumin to prevent anti-sperm antibodies (ASA) formation due to the testes’ inflammatory process in Wistar rats.
METHODS: This research is an experimental study with a pre-post-test approach with control group. The research subjects were rats (Rattus norvegicus) of the Wistar strain. The induced animals were grouped into three groups: Group 1 received nano curcumin 1 × 80 mg/kg BW orally, Group 2 received dexamethasone 1 × 0.3 mg/kg BW, and Group 3 received placebo aquadest 1 × 1 mL orally. TNF-α, NF-kB, and IL10 levels in serum were examined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
RESULTS: The nano curcumin treatment showed the ability to reduce the pro-inflammatory cytokine protein TNF-α expression (47.3 ± 2.32) more optimally than dexamethasone treatment (54.4 ± 3.22). Nano curcumin has also shown the ability to reduce the pro-inflammatory cytokine transcription factor, NF-kB (32.5 ± 2.76) more optimally than treatment with dexamethasone (44.6 ± 2.43).
CONCLUSION: Nano curcumin can prevent the formation of ASA in testicular trauma through inhibition of the inflammatory response.
Life Experiences in Parenting: The Perspective of Women with HIV-AIDS
Authors: Ernawati Eka , Rahmawati Dewi , Wulandari Indah , Afriyani Firda
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: The role of mother with HIV/AIDS in caring for their children has its own complexities. The mother plays a role in taking care of the family as well as being the caregiver for her children. Mothers with HIV-AIDS need to take care of themselves and their children who are either infected or not. Mothers can do multiple roles if their partner leaves them.
AIM: The purpose of this study was to determine the life experiences of mothers with HIV-AIDS in childcare.
METHODS: A phenomenological study was chosen as a design to explore the phenomenon of mothers with HIV-AIDS in parenting their children using in-depth interviews. Participants were drawn based on a purposive sample of seven people. The participant’s considerations were the wife who was diagnosed with HIV-AIDS positive and was registered as a patient managed by the HIV-AIDS program at the Serang City Health Center; the participants received ARV treatment, good general condition, able to communicate well, and cooperatively. The data analysis used was Colaizzi.
RESULTS: The results of the study generate four new themes: Expectation of negative status of the loved ones, lamentations of wives with People Living With HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) status, management of sick child care and HIV testing, tendencies of authoritarian, and permissive parenting in children.
CONCLUSION: Therefore, it is important to increase peer group counseling on the process of disease acceptance, management of sick children management, and implementation of HIV testing that can be accessed by family members of PLWHA.
Peer Education and Sexual Risk Behavior Among Adolescents: Does Urban Status Matter?
Authors: Sumaryani Sri , Ningrum Sri Andini Widya , Prihatiningsih Titi Savitri , Haryanti Fitri , Gunadi Agus
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: As a result of elevated sexual risk behaviors among teenagers, millions of adolescents face sexual and reproductive health challenges, including high rates of an unfulfilled need for contraceptives, unintended pregnancy, and unsafe abortion. To develop their skills and prevent adolescent sexual activity from being unsafe, especially in urban areas, teachers and peers were advised that teaching adolescents about reproductive health should be carried out at any school.
AIM: This study aims to evaluate the effect of peer education on the prevention of adolescent activity at sexual risk in urban areas.
METHODS: This research was a pre-experimental quantitative approach with a one-group pre-post-test model. The survey used in this study had 63 respondents. Samples were collected using a purposeful sampling process. The research was conducted in April at SMP Negeri X Yogyakarta until June 2017. In this analysis, the independent variable was peer education, while the dependent variable was the prevention of sexual risk activity among adolescents.
RESULTS: The Wilcoxon sign-rank test data analysis showed that there were no significant differences in the prevention of sexual risk behavior among adolescents in urban areas at pre- and post-sexual education through p-value peer education = 0.086.
CONCLUSION: There is no significant impact on reducing adolescent sexual risk behaviors in urban areas through peer education. The media may significantly influence the prevention of the conduct of urban adolescents at sexual risk. To prevent sexual risk behavior among adolescents in an urban environment, further research is recommended to find the best intervention using more profound internal and external relevant variables and media impact association study.
L'histoire désurbanisée
Authors: Loiseau Julien
Published: March 2021

Résumé À l’occasion de la réédition de l’ouvrage de Jean-Claude Garcin sur Qûs, le présent article se veut, autant qu’une lecture du livre, un retour sur l’histoire de ce ventre urbain de la Haute-Égypte. Ancienne oasis redevenue oasis, Qûs est tour à tour, le temps du millénaire médiéval, carrefour marchand, point de passage sur la route du pèlerinage, place militaire, marche contestée de l’espace contrôlé par Le Caire. De la fortune aux ruines, Qûs s’inscrit dans des géographies mouvantes, dans une histoire discontinue : un défi à l’enquête sur son passé, qui contraint à faire feu d’archives aux fragiles nappes de mémoire pour pallier l’intrication des lieux.
What comparative Bantu pottery vocabulary may tell us about early human settlement in the Inner Congo Basin
Authors: Bostoen Koen
Published: March 2021

Résumé Le peuplement ancien de la Cuvette Centrale du Congo est un problème historique à la solution duquel différentes disciplines scientifiques peuvent contribuer. Le présent article approche la question d’un point de vue linguistique. Il présente les résultats d’une étude comparative du vocabulaire de la poterie dans les langues bantoues locales. Étant un artéfact qui unit une visibilité archéologique et une importance ethnographique à un vocabulaire technique assez bien documenté, la poterie représente un domaine privilégié de recherche interdisciplinaire. Pour ce qui est de la Cuvette Centrale du Congo, tant les données linguistiques que les données archéologiques suggèrent un long développement isolé de langues et de communautés. D’un point de vue plus général, cet article propose une manière alternative d’exploiter les données lexicales pour la reconstruction historique. Dans le domaine des études africaines, ce sont les historiens, et non les linguistes, qui furent les premiers à s’appuyer sur l’étude historique et comparative des vocabulaires culturels et à développer la méthode dite « Des mots et des choses ». Cependant, certaines lacunes dans leur méthode linguistique peuvent compromettre la solidité des hypothèses historiques qu’ils ont élaborées. L’introduction de cet article propose une critique méthodologique de l’approche que certains historiens font des données lexicales.
Entre délinquance et résistance au Congo belge : l'interprétation coloniale du braconnage
Authors: Van Schuylenbergh Patricia
Published: March 2021

Résumé La question du braconnage au Congo durant la colonisation belge (1885-1960) présuppose un regard européen, des vues selon lesquelles toute chasse non conforme à des règles édictées dans un contexte historique et social particulier est qualifiée d’illicite et stigmatisée comme acte de braconnage. Cette catégorisation participe de la politique coloniale de gestion des terres et des ressources naturelles, y compris la faune et la végétation sauvages. L’encadrement administratif des espaces et des mouvements, et la catégorisation des actes individuels et collectifs imposent un mode de penser et de vivre. Les populations autochtones se trouvent exclues de lieux assignés à la protection et à la conservation de la faune et de la flore. Les techniques et les périodes autorisées de chasse et pêche sont désormais celles des colonisateurs. L’application de l’appareil européen importé en colonie prévoit aussi la sanction des infractions où figurent les techniques locales de chasse. Les Congolais y figurent comme ravageurs d’un environnement placé sous la garde du pouvoir occidental. La chasse illicite fut-elle acte de résistance ? Nous pouvons plutôt y voir la poursuite d’activités normales au mépris d’un concept occidental imposé d’autorité. L’irréalisme des mesures et les difficultés de contrôle laissèrent une marge d’action à la quête d’aliments et de revenus des Congolais, aussi bien qu’au commerce croissant induit par la colonisation elle-même.
Savage Frenchmen: Masculinity and the Timber Industry in Colonial Gabon, ca. 1920-1960
Authors: Rich Jeremy
Published: March 2021

Résumé Entre 1920 et 1960, les forestiers français au Gabon étaient très renommés à cause de leur façon impétueuse de vivre et leur soi-disante haine des manières bourgeoises. Des écrivains colons et des visiteurs de la colonie célébraient la conduite rude et la vie aventureuse de forestier. Les forestiers blancs se présentaient comme les meilleurs amis des Gabonais, surtout en comparaison de l’administration française. Ce mythe du Français primitif au Gabon devenait populaire durant les années vingt, et le Gabon était un sanctuaire des fantaisies d’une autorité masculine et indiscutable après la Première Guerre mondiale. L’attrait des forestiers est devenu plus fort après la Deuxième Guerre mondiale et les guerres anti-colonialistes durant les années cinquante. Bien qu’on louait les forestiers pour leur individualité et leur affection pour les Gabonais, en réalité ils comptaient sur l’administration française et la technologie pour que durent leur succès et leur pouvoir de commandement sur les ouvriers gabonais. Néanmoins, les fantaisies des forestiers blancs ont été employées par les forestiers, des ethnologues, et des dirigeants politiques gabonais comme les preuves d’une relation heureuse et amicale entre la France et le Gabon des années cinquante jusqu’à aujourd’hui.
Brexit, Wendy Carlos et accélérationnisme
Authors: Harper Adam , Loncan Hervé
Published: March 2021

Auteur d’ Infinite Music (Zero Books, 2011), collaborateur de The Fader et accessoirement d’ Audimat , puisqu’il participait déjà à notre numéro un, le Britannique Adam Harper, comme nombre de ses compatriotes, s’est réveillé un beau matin de juin dans le Royaume-Uni du « Leave », un air entêtant à l’esprit : l’ Hymne à la joie de Beethoven revisité par Wendy Carlos. Il en a tiré ce texte court et nerveux, en forme de manifeste esthético-politique, écrit à l’origine pour le site du festival 3hd, qui tente finalement de répondre à une question cruciale : comment la musique, prise dans sa dimension sensible, peut servir de ressource pour appréhender les turbulences qui agitent notre monde ?
Music sounds better with who ?
Authors: Menu Étienne
Published: March 2021

Qu’est-ce que la house filtrée française a-t-elle eu de plus que ses modèles ? Qu’y a-t-il eu de si spécial, dans sa façon de parler aux auditeurs et danseurs, que ni la disco ni la house américaine n’avaient su obtenir ? Notre co-rédacteur en chef Étienne Menu a essayé dans le texte qui suit de répondre à ces questions en se replongeant dans ses souvenirs de lycéen fan des Daft Punk. Il y est question du filtre pensé comme outil à fabriquer des mirages, de la house parisienne entendue comme version condensée de la forme pop, et de l’inévitable pétrification de l’élan « French touch », en l’occurrence ici associée au raz-de-marée Stardust à l’été 1998. C’est l’occasion pour l’auteur de voir en l’auditeur house un « activateur » de la création, et de revenir sur cette période unique, qui a bouleversé à la fois la musique française et la dance music mondiale.
De l’efficacité à l’utilité de la vidéosurveillance
Authors: Douillet Anne-Cécile , Dumoulin Laurence , Germain Séverine
Published: March 2021

Avec l’objectif de tripler le nombre de caméras et l’allocation de crédits conséquents, la vidéosurveillance constitue le premier des dispositifs nationaux de lutte contre la délinquance. Par un retour sur la genèse locale de ce dispositif à Grenoble, Lyon et Saint-Étienne, par une analyse des mécanismes d’appropriation et de légitimation auxquels il donne lieu, trois chercheuses en science politique de l’unité mixte de recherche grenobloise PACTE (Politiques publiques, ACtion publique, Territoires, Environnement) et de l’unité mixte de recherche ISP-Cachan (Institut des Sciences sociales du Politique) apportent des éléments de compréhension de la diffusion de la vidéosurveillance en Rhône-Alpes.
Conclusion. Les enseignements internationaux des politiques de prévention de la délinquance
Authors: Sagant Valérie
Published: March 2021

La réalité des politiques et pratiques de prévention de la délinquance dans d’autres pays et les leçons utiles que la France peut en tirer constituent un vaste sujet. Valérie Sagant, directrice générale du Centre international pour la prévention de la criminalité (CIPC) de novembre 2005 à novembre 2010, actuelle vice-présidente au tribunal de grande instance de Créteil (94) chargée de l’application des peines, dresse un bilan des pratiques étrangères pouvant inspirer la politique française de prévention de la délinquance.
Les villes moyennes face aux enjeux de cohésion territoriale, un éclairage décalé à partir de la région Centre
Authors: Demazière Christophe
Published: March 2021

Prenant appui sur le cas de la région Centre, espace assez différent de Rhône-Alpes par sa densité de population, son histoire ou ses caractéristiques de villes, Christophe Demazière, professeur en aménagement de l’espace et urbanisme à l’université de Tours et vice-président du centre de ressources Villes au Carré, cherche à comprendre si les variables qui ont servi dans un cas à définir les villes moyennes et à en repérer les enjeux peuvent concerner aussi les villes rhônalpines et comment les enjeux de cohésion sociale et territoriale sont appréhendés dans ce contexte régional.
Le partenariat au cœur de l’ingénierie de la politique de la ville à Thonon-les-Bains
Authors: Saiter Caroline
Published: March 2021

Située en Haute-Savoie, la ville de Thonon-les-Bains (33 000 habitants) a souhaité formaliser en 2003 une réponse territoriale à des besoins révélés au cœur de deux quartiers, reconnus depuis comme prioritaires. Composé de six personnes 1 , le service « politique de la ville » a vu le jour dès cette date, dotant ainsi la municipalité d’une équipe de professionnels chargée de mettre en œuvre le projet de développement social et urbain de ces quartiers. Caroline Saiter, chef de projet, rend compte des principaux apports de la politique de la ville en termes d’ingénierie sur le territoire de Thonon-les-Bains.
L’évaluation des « petits contrats urbains de cohésion sociale » : quelles particularités ?
Authors: Allam Malik
Published: March 2021

Malik Allam, sociologue pour le cabinet Geste, a évalué au cours des dernières années divers « petits contrats urbains de cohésion sociale », dont la programmation ne dépasse pas les 30 actions annuelles et la géographie prioritaire se résume peu ou prou à deux ou trois quartiers prioritaires. Malgré leur taille commune, ces sites sont loin d’être identiques : leurs histoires, leurs problématiques mais également leurs logiques d’action ainsi que leurs raisons d’exister sont différentes. Néanmoins, Malik Allam a pu tirer des enseignements généraux des démarches d’évaluation locales qu’il a menées en Rhône-Alpes.
Les villes petites et moyennes de Rhône-Alpes à l’heure du renouvellement urbain
Authors: Peillon Pierre , Grenier Catherine
Published: March 2021

Alors que les programmes de rénovation urbaine (PRU) sont en moyenne réalisés aux deux tiers, et que l’on s’interroge sur ce que pourrait être un programme national de rénovation urbaine II (PNRU), il est important à la fois d’examiner quel a été l’apport de cette démarche à ce type de villes et de s’interroger si, au-delà de leur diversité interne, il existe pour elles une spécificité propre. C’est ce à quoi s’attachent Pierre Peillon, consultant, et Catherine Grenier, experte à l’USH (Union sociale pour l’habitat), à partir de l’exemple rhônalpin.