bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pattern, risk factors and clinical presentation of anemia at a tertiary care hospital – a prospective observational study
Authors: Thammisetty Druga Prasad , Snehalatha Vaddi , Suneetha Gentam , Pantrangam Sai Keerthana , Mujeeb Shaik
Published: February 2025

Anemia is a worldwide health concern, and it is defined by reduced haemoglobin levels below 18 g/dL in males and 12g/dL in females prompt identification of anemia can decrease mortality and morbidity rates by recognizing morphological patterns, clinical manifestations, and risk factors. A six-month prospective observational study was conducted on 150 patients in the inpatient wards of general surgery and general medicine departments. The study focused on demographic information, clinical symptoms, and laboratory test for identification of pattern, risk factors, and treatment approaches. Findings revealed that 76% of cases were female patients, and 73% of patients having microcytic hypochromic anemia as a predominant pattern. Nutritional deficiency was determined to be a risk factor in 46% of anemic patients. The most frequent clinical symptoms were shortness of breath (60.8%) and combination of fatigue, dizziness and shortness of breath (34.2%). The research underscored the significance of assessing anemia for timely diagnosis and treatment, emphasizing that morphological patterns provide crucial insights into underlying pathophysiology. Early intervention can reduce the morbidity and mortality rates and improve patient’s quality of life.
Soberania tecnológica e disputa por hegemonia em um mundo em transformação
Authors: Martins do Rêgo Barreto Helena , Sardinha Lopes Ruy
Published: February 2025

Trata-se de artigo teórico fundamentado na perspectiva da Economia Política da Comunicação. Discute a relação entre capitalismo e tecnologia, tendo em vista o processo de concentração e centralização de capital em torno das plataformas digitais, tomadas como resultado da reestruturação capitalista que, no campo das comunicações, levou à conformação de uma nova estrutura de mediação social marcada pela hegemonia norte-americana. Detalha, especificamente, o caso brasileiro, tratando de como as políticas neoliberais aprofundaram sua dependência também no referido campo. Propõe que a situação expressa o problema de hegemonia, que deve ser confrontado não apenas pela reivindicação de uma soberania tecnológica, mas em torno de um projeto político alternativo que articule também outro olhar sobre a relação entre tecnologia e sociedade.
O direito à comunicação como instrumento de cidadania: o caso do Comitê Gestor Quilombola de Pelotas
Authors: Mourgues Cogoy Eliana , Gutiérrez Murillo Roberth Steven , Krieger Grossi Patricia , Moreira de Almeida Eliane
Published: February 2025

Trata-se de um estudo de caso que examina a trajetória histórica e legal do Comitê Gestor Quilombola (CGQ), sediado no município de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul. O CGQ é um espaço pioneiro e único no Brasil para a participação democrática, pois representa um avanço substancial no atendimento às necessidades de longa data das comunidades quilombolas, que historicamente foram submetidas à exclusão social e continuam a encontrar grandes barreiras no acesso aos direitos fundamentais. Apesar de sua condição de fórum de reivindicação de direitos sociais, surgem inúmeros desafios para garantir o direito à comunicação como meio de exercício da cidadania dos quilombolas. O estudo de caso proposto contribui para a compreensão das potencialidades e restrições da gestão participativa no contexto das políticas públicas voltadas para as comunidades quilombolas de Pelotas, a partir de uma perspectiva inovadora de controle social.
Skew codes over the split quaternions
Authors: Dertli Abdullah , Cengellenmis Yasemin
Published: February 2025

In this paper, the structures of linear codes over the split quaternions with coefficients from \(Z_3, Hs, 3 = Z_3 +iZ_3 +jZ_3 + kZ_3\) are determined with \(i^2 = −1, j^2 = k^2 = 1, ij = k = −ji, jk = −i = −kj, ki = j = −ik, ijk = 1\). It is shown that the split quaternions over \(Z_3\) decompose into two parts from \(Z_3+iZ_3\) with idempotent coefficients. The structures of the skew cyclic and skew constacyclic codes over \(Hs,3\) are obtained.
Some geometric properties of the generalized \(k\)-Bessel functions
Authors: Aktaş İbrahim , Korkmaz Büşra
Published: February 2025

In the present work, we investigate certain geometrical properties of a normalized form of \(k\)-Bessel function in the open disk \(\mathbb{B}_\frac{1}{2}=\left\lbrace \rho\in\mathbb{C}:\left|\rho\right|<\frac{1}{2} \right\rbrace \). Also, we determine some sufficient conditions on the parameters such that the mentioned function is uniform convex and parabolic starlike, respectively. In addition, we present some corollaries regarding classical Bessel function and modified Bessel functions of the first kind for some special values of parameters. Finally, we give some examples for our results and support them with graphs.
Letter on the Chinese-T-game
Authors: Kok Johan
Published: February 2025

This letter presents three new minimization problems related to a new notion called the \emph{Chinese-T-game} in a simple connected graph. The minimization problems stem from the \emph{Chinese-T-walks} generated by the Chinese-T-game rules. It is a letter because some results rely on \emph{axiomatic reasoning} which the author find sufficient. However, some readers may find the reasoning not sufficiently rigorous. It is foreseen that the \emph{Chinese-T-game} will find application in at least, graph data science, robotics, AI, facial recognition, consumer preference analysis and alike. The ideas presented can easily be generalized to non-simple connected graphs.
Извлечение знаний из кристаллических структур монолигандных комплексов: вторичные структурные единицы
Authors: Шевченко А.П. , Першин А.А. , Морхова Е.А.
Published: February 2025

Подготовлена выборка структур монолигандных координационных соединений с органическими лигандами. Изучено влияние на периодичность кристаллической структуры химического состава и строения первичных структурных единиц: атомов-комплексообразователей, лигандов, сольватов и противоионов. Предложен новый метод определения механизма топологической сборки вторичных структурных единиц из первичных структурных единиц. На конкретных примерах с помощью статистической обработки объемных данных, многоуровневого топологического анализа и квантово-химических расчетов подтверждена работоспособность предлагаемого метода.
CRYSTAL STRUCTURE, HIRSHFELD SURFACE ANALYSIS AND COMPARATIVE DOCKING STUDY OF 2-AMINO-5-OXO-4-PHENYL-5,6,7,8-TETRAHYDRO-4H-CHROMENE-3-CARBONITRILE-1,4-DIOXANE
Authors: Abdulsamad L.A. , Karadag Alpaslan M. , Poyraz E.B. , Albayati M.R. , Salim Jasim S. , Dege N.
Published: February 2025

This study explores the synthesis, crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis, and molecular docking of 2-amino-5-oxo-4-phenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-chromene-3-carbonitrile-1,4-dioxane, a biologically relevant chromene derivative. The compound was synthesized via a one-pot multicomponent reaction, and X-ray diffraction confirmed its structure. Hirshfeld analysis showed dominant H⋯H, C⋯H, and O⋯H interactions, indicating significant hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces. Molecular docking against CYP1A2, a key enzyme in drug metabolism, revealed a binding energy of -6.56 kcal/mol, surpassing reference drugs like anagrelide, caffeine, and ofloxacin. Strong hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions suggest its potential as a CYP1A2 inhibitor, important for drug interactions and metabolism. These findings support its drug development potential, either as a therapeutic agent or a lead compound for designing more effective inhibitors.
Upper and Lower Weakly Quasi \((\tau_1,\tau_2)\)-Continuous Multifunctions
Authors: Thongmoon Montri , Sama-Ae Areeyuth , Boonpok Chawalit
Published: February 2025

This paper presents new classes of multifunctions called upper weakly quasi (τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions and lower weakly quasi (τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions. Moreover, several characterizations and some properties concerning upper weakly quasi (τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions and lower weakly quasi (τ1, τ2)-continuous multifunctions are considered.
The third version of an agent‐based honey bee colony model (ApisRAM.03) for the risk assessment of pesticides
Authors: Duan Xiaodong , Poulsen Trine , Xie Liyan , Marcussen Luna Kondrup , Topping Christopher John
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This report presents the implementation of the third version of an agent‐based system model designed for the risk assessment of pesticides on honey bees colonies (Apis mellifera) – ApisRAM.03. The third version of ApisRAM focuses on scenarios involving a single plant protection product and a single use. The application of pesticide is implemented using the pesticide engine module in The Animal, Landscape and Man Simulation System (ALMaSS). The pesticide engine supports three application types: spray, seed coating, and granular, with consideration of spray and dust drift. The ApisRAM.03 model consists of the colony development, vitality, beekeeping management practices, and activity modules. Among the modelled activities, the foraging activity establishes a dynamic link between colony development and the surrounding landscape, capturing the complexities of the foraging behaviour, resource availability, and pesticide exposure. Incorporating a vitality method, the ApisRAM.03 integrates the effects from exposure to multiple stressors that bees encounter in their environment. This method evaluates the combined effects of pesticides with nutritional stress on mortality, along with possible combined effect from exposure to infectious agents. Additionally, the beekeeping management practices module supports management activities, such as chemical treatment and supplementary feeding. ApisRAM.03 contains a model designed to store measurement endpoints. It stores the hourly population and resource dynamics, foraging activities and pesticide exposure status for advanced simulation results analysis. To enhance computational efficiency, ApisRAM.03 was implemented to support multithreading. This capability enables faster simulations, allowing for more extensive scenario tests and more timely assessments.
A Review of Psychological Well-Being on Investment Decision Making of Investors
Authors: Suddala Prabhakar , Sharma Anshuman
Published: February 2025

Investment decision-making is a complex process influenced by various psychological factors that shape an investor's behavior and financial choices. This review explores the relationship between psychological well-being and investment decision-making, focusing on how emotional, cognitive, and behavioral factors impact investors' ability to make sound financial decisions. Illustration from existing literature, the study examines the role of psychological attributes such as risk tolerance, stress levels, optimism, and cognitive biases in shaping investment outcomes. The review emphasizes the need for financial advisors and policymakers to consider psychological well-being as a critical factor in investor education and support programs.
ADAPTIVE CIVIL ENGINEERING ARCHITECTURES: INTEGRATING SMART TECHNOLOGIES, SUSTAINABLE DESIGN, AND RESILIENT INFRASTRUCTURE SYSTEMS
Authors: Suryawanshi Prashant Balaso , Sharma Kamalkishor Mulchand , Shendage Abhijeet Balasaheb , Sul Pallavi Kisan
Published: February 2025

The contemporary landscape of civil engineering demands transformative approaches that can address complex environmental, technological, and societal challenges. This comprehensive study explores the integration of advanced smart technologies, sustainable design principles, and adaptive infrastructure systems that promise to revolutionize the built environment. By synthesizing interdisciplinary methodologies, the research presents a holistic framework for developing resilient, intelligent infrastructure that can dynamically respond to changing environmental conditions, technological advancements, and human needs.
Efecto de los herbicidas sobre la población de microorganismos en el cultivo de Theobroma cacao L., en la parroquia Luz de América, Ecuador
Authors: Vaca Pazmiño Eduardo Patricio , Uday Patiño Milton Vinicio , Uday Ortega Dennis Vinicio , Guamán Guamán Rocío Noemí , Villavicencio Abril Ángel Fabián , Ulloa Cortázar Santiago Miguel
Published: February 2025

La agricultura convencional se caracteriza por el uso excesivo de maquinarias, agroquímicos y prácticas poco cuidadosas con el ambiente. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar el efecto de los herbicidas (glifosato y paraquat) sobre la población de microorganismos rizósferos en el cultivo de Theobroma cacao L., en la parroquia Luz de América, Ecuador. La investigación se realizó en el periodo junio-noviembre de 2019; en un cultivo con siete años de edad, sembrado en arreglo 4x4 m, con 6,36% de materia orgánica, suelo franco limo arcilloso y pH de 5,93; con manejo idéntico en toda la plantación. Los tratamientos fueron; T1 = Herbicida sistémico-glifosato (1,5 l ha-1); T2 = Herbicida contacto-paraquat (1,5 l ha-1); y T3 = Control mecánico-chapeadora-testigo; cada uno con seis repeticiones. Se tomaron tres submuestras de suelo y se enviaron a los laboratorios del Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias [INIAP]. Las variables medidas fueron; desarrollo poblacional; identificación del género; y desarrollo poblacional de los hongos de la muestra. El análisis estadístico se realizó con Tinn-R. El día 28 marcó diferencia significativa entre todas las observaciones (P-valor=0,0269); la presencia de microorganismos tuvo mayor concentración cuando se utilizó paraquat (1.894.001 UFC ml-1). Se identificó la presencia de Trichoderma (mayor en paraquat) y Fusarium (mayor en glifosato); al evaluar el desarrollo poblacional de los hongos. Considerando los tratamientos y los días de observación, se confirmó que Trichoderma disminuye en mayor proporción su población cuando se aplica glifosato. Se concluyó que los dos herbicidas elevan el desarrollo de Fusarium, aunque paraquat en menor proporción, a la vez que este promueve la presencia de Trichoderma.
REMUNERASI DEWAN DIREKSI DAN PENGHINDARAN PAJAK: ANALISIS PERAN GENDER SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI
Authors: Maulidia Baiq Ridha Rahayu , Tjaraka Heru
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh remunerasi dewan direksi terhadap penghindaran pajak dengan gender sebagai variabel moderasi. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 172 perusahaan wajib yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2021-2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan metode analisis Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS 25. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa remunerasi dewan direksi berpengaruh negatif terhadap penghindaran pajak. Gender tidak mampu memoderasi pengaruh antara remunerasi dewan direksi terhadap penghindaran pajak. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa pemberian insentif yang lebih tinggi kepada dewan direksi dapat menjadi salah satu strategi untuk menekankan praktik penghindaran pajak dalam perusahaan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan remunerasi yang transparan dan kompetitif dapat meningkatkan kepatuhan pajak perusahaan. Namun, karena gender tidak terbukti sebagai moderator, kebijakan yang berbasis pada keberagaman gender memerlukan pendekatan lain dalam kaitannya dengan perlakuan pajak perusahaan.
A EDUCAÇÃO E DESIGN INSTRUCIONAL NA ERA DAS TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS DE INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO
Authors: Nossa Dulcinéia Ruy
Published: February 2025

Esse paper aborda a aplicação do Design Instrucional (DI) no contexto das Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDICs) na educação, destacando sua importância na promoção de experiências de aprendizagem eficazes e envolventes. O estudo discute a evolução das TDICs, que têm transformado os métodos de ensino e aprendizagem, eliminando barreiras físicas e temporais e promovendo a colaboração no processo de construção do conhecimento. O Design Instrucional se destaca como uma metodologia estratégica que integra conhecimentos de diversas áreas, como design, psicologia da aprendizagem, tecnologia educacional e gestão do conhecimento, para criar ambientes educacionais que atendem às necessidades contemporâneas dos alunos. A revisão bibliográfica qualitativa revelou que o DI, ao centralizar o aluno no processo educativo e integrar tecnologias interativas e multimídia, aprimora a personalização do ensino e a interatividade. Além disso, destacou-se a importância do profissional de DI na criação de materiais didáticos e estratégias pedagógicas inovadoras, adaptadas ao perfil dos alunos nativos digitais. O uso de plataformas adaptativas, inteligência artificial, gamificação e avaliação formativa contínua são apontados como práticas que enriquecem e personalizam a aprendizagem, tornando-a mais dinâmica e eficaz.
Euthanasia: Growing Acceptance amid Lingering Reluctance
Authors: Tshibambe N Tshimbombu , Immanuel Olarinde , Judea Wiggins , Maxwell Vergo
Published: February 2025

Euthanasia has long been a contentious topic. Societal acceptance and legalization of euthanasia have increased over the past decades but still lag behind that of physician-assisted suicide (PAS). Euphemisms such as “death with dignity” have facilitated the integration of PAS into end-of-life discussions with reduced stigma. We hypothesize that the persistent use of the term “euthanasia” hinders open, compassionate communication about this practice, particularly among healthcare professionals who adhere to the ethical principle of nonmaleficence. To address this issue, we propose the adoption of euphemisms, such as “eumori,” meaning “good death,” similar to the terminology used in (PAS). These proposed terms mitigate the negative connotations associated with euthanasia. This approach serves as an initial yet significant step toward reframing euthanasia within the context of end-of-life care. Further research and dialogue are essential to explore and address other barriers to broader acceptance of euthanasia as a viable end-of-life option.
Enhancing heat transfer efficiency in li-ion battery packs for EV powertrain through nanofluid cooling
Authors: Zolani Ndlovu  , Peter Ohenhen  , Olusegun Abiodun Balogun  , Victoria Adebisi Alao  , Akinwale Ishola  , Raphael Itodo Ochigbo  , Raphael Itodo Ochigbo
Published: February 2025

LIB (Lithium-ion) batteries play a crucial role in electric vehicles and are considered the most sustainable energy storage solution for modern electric transportation. These batteries serve various purposes, including supplying power for electronic devices like laptops and cell phones. However, managing battery temperature poses a significant challenge in design, particularly due to excessive heat generation during charging and discharging processes. Insufficient heat transfer between closely packed cells can compromise Li-ion cell performance and even lead to safety hazards such as explosions. Hence, the aim of this study is to enhance heat transfer and cooling processes across the battery pack of electric vehicles. A comprehensive investigation was conducted on the impact of water-copper (II) oxide nanofluid flow at varying speeds on temperature distribution within the battery pack. The adoption of copper (II) oxide nanofluid as a coolant resulted in improved thermal efficiency. This research centres on designing a Li-ion battery pack utilizing water copper (II) oxide nanofluid to enhance heat transfer and cooling efficiency throughout the battery pack.
Neuro-symbolic ai for cloud intrusion detection: A hybrid intelligence approach
Authors: Shraddhaben R. Gajjar
Published: February 2025

As cloud computing becomes more prevalent, ensuring robust cybersecurity is an ongoing challenge. Traditional intrusion detection systems (IDS) often struggle to keep pace with emerging cyber threats due to their reliance on static rule-based mechanisms. Neuro-Symbolic AI presents a hybrid intelligence approach that merges deep learning (neural networks) with symbolic reasoning, offering enhanced accuracy, explainability, and adaptability in intrusion detection. This paper investigates the role of Neuro-Symbolic AI in cloud security, detailing its application in threat detection, real-time response, and compliance management. Additionally, we explore its role in proactive threat intelligence, real-world implementation challenges, and emerging trends in AI-driven security models.
Physical experimentation of the productivity of biogas in the laboratory from putrescible waste
Authors: Haroun Ali Adannou  , N'Gueassembaye N'Gambainan  , Dingammadji Richard
Published: February 2025

The methanization of organic waste for the production of biogas responds to several fundamental issues in rural areas of Chad. From an economic point of view, this solution offers a viable alternative to firewood, the excessive exploitation of which contributes to deforestation. By substituting biogas for wood, rural households not only reduce their energy costs, but they also become part of a dynamic of energy self-sufficiency. The valorization of residues in the form of biofertilizers constitutes another positive economic impact. These natural fertilizers enrich agricultural soils, thus improving yields while reducing dependence on chemical fertilizers that are often expensive and harmful to the environment. For our study, we collected samples of different food waste from local markets, sewage sludge from treatment plants for agricultural, human, animal, poultry and food waste from surrounding farms. The objective of this study is to determine the optimal parameters for the production of biogas from organic matter, with a view to efficient use for cooking and biofertilizer in rural Chad.
We were able to optimize the digestion conditions according to temperature, pH and retention time (RT) to maximize biogas production and ensure efficient conversion of organic matter. Then we used the digestates produced to improve soil fertility.
Effect of light and temperature on growing lettuce crop in greenhouse by using Iot Technology
Authors: Sujon Kumar Barmon  , Md. Nur Alam  , Shermin Aktar  , Mainul Hasan
Published: February 2025

Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa) is an important vegetable in horticulture, but information about the interactive effects of light and temperature on its photosynthetic characteristics was inadequate. This research aims to design, create, and evaluate a hydroponic (lettuce) automation system by monitoring the quality of plant growth that uses LED grow lights and natural light conditions on hydroponics. Checking whether the proposed system has a significant effect on the box Choy hydroponic (lettuce) growth is also an important aspect and becomes the contribution of this paper. The contribution of this paper is by discussing in detail the automation of LED grow lights using RTC modules and relays while also discussing the significance of LED light performance in lettuce growth. On the proposed greenhouse automation systems, light-feeding is done automatically, this can be carried out with the help of a real-time clock (RTC) module and relays. Furthermore, the monitoring function is carried out through temperature and humidity measurement sensors. The data obtained from the sensor will be stored in the database for research on plant quality. The results of a comparison test show that the LED grows lights are superior in terms of fresh weight, the number of leaves, and plant height respectively with an average value of 67.2 grams, 7 leaves, and 9.3 cm on the 30th day. Compared to sunlight, respectively with an average value of 37.3 grams, 5 leaves, and 7.1 cm on the 30th day. T16, T17,T18,T19,T20 &T21 are conducted inside the greenhouse to get maximum production. It shows 18-19°C are most suitable for lettuce crop growth. It can be concluded that the LED grow lights give a significant effect on the fresh weight and leaf growth rate of IoT-based box Choy hydroponics (Lettuce) if compared to sunlight.
An observational study on the comparative evaluation of kaya kelp initiative implementation at government hospital in the western region of Maharashtra
Authors: Sharmili M. Gawhale  , Ketaki P. Chaudhari  , Harshal P. More
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The Kayakalp Initiative, launched under the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, aims to enhance cleanliness and hygiene standards in healthcare facilities. This study aimed to assess the implementation of the Kayakalp Initiative. Specific objectives included conducting an internal audit and evaluating initiative implementation, comparing state and internal audit scores, analyzing variations in Kayakalp parameters and identifying contributing factors, predicting scores for the next year's Internal Audit, and recommending digital solutions for quality improvement.

Material and Methods: Data was collected using the Kayakalp Secondary Care Level Checklist through direct observation, staff interviews, and record reviews to evaluate cleanliness, hygiene, and other thematic areas.

Results: The state audit revealed high compliance with cleanliness standards, while the internal audit indicated a marginal decline. Thematic analysis showed improvements in Waste Management and Infection Control but highlighted declines in Hospital/Facility Upkeep, Sanitation & Hygiene, Beyond Hospital Boundaries, and Eco-friendly practices. Also, with the help of statistical calculation, the study predicted the score of the next Kayakalp audit.

Conclusion: The Kayakalp program requires ongoing supervision and monitoring to sustain improvements. Incorporating digital technologies like mobile apps and IoT solutions can enhance hospital cleanliness standards and promote sustainability. The successful implementation of such technology at Government Hospitals can provide a model for other healthcare facilities.
Integrating palliative care principles in orthopaedic management of end-stage musculoskeletal conditions: a path towards holistic patient-centered care
Authors: Jeff Walter Rajadurai OR  , Likhit CS  , Shailesh Kumar  , K.Purushothaman
Published: February 2025

Given the end-stage conditions of these musculoskeletal afflictions, it should be more common to find incorporation of palliative care philosophy in orthopaedic surgery as the best approach to adopt holistic-centered care. Patients typically have chronic and debilitating pain, loss of function, and never wholly recover from irreversibly degenerative conditions. Orthopaedic interventions were usually geared toward acute resolution of injuries as well as physical restoration. However, for patients with terminal bone cancer, severe osteoarthritis, or frailty fractures, curative treatment options merged with therapies for the management of symptoms and enhancing quality of life assume center stage. By embracing palliative care ideas, orthopaedic surgeons might increase their ability to treat not only physical symptoms but also the psychological, emotional, and social elements of patient care. Pain, emotional support, shared decision-making, and comprehensive treatment are all basic principles of palliative care. This article discusses such principles and their importance in orthopaedic practice. It further underlines the significance of a multidisciplinary approach, where orthopaedic surgeons and palliative care specialists, along with the rest of the healthcare providers, are all brought together. The overall aim is therefore to enhance the quality of life for such patients with non-curative conditions. This article urges the need to integrate palliative care into orthopaedic management to provide caring patient-centered outcomes for those suffering with end-stage musculoskeletal diseases.
Blockchain-based secure communication in IoT networks
Authors: Ashalatha P. R
Published: February 2025

The rapid proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) networks has introduced significant security and privacy concerns due to the decentralized, resource-constrained, and heterogeneous nature of IoT devices. Traditional security solutions often struggle to provide robust protection against cyber threats, data breaches, and unauthorized access in IoT environments. Blockchain technology has emerged as a promising solution to enhance security, integrity, authentication, and trust in IoT communications by leveraging its decentralized, immutable, and tamper-resistant ledger system. This paper explores the integration of blockchain with IoT networks, addressing critical security challenges such as data integrity, identity management, secure communication, and access control. Various blockchain architectures, including public, private, and consortium blockchains, are examined alongside different consensus mechanisms, such as Proof of Work (PoW), Proof of Stake (PoS), and lightweight consensus protocols optimized for IoT constraints. Additionally, the paper evaluates security enhancements provided by blockchain, including decentralized trust management, cryptographic techniques, and smart contract applications in IoT ecosystems. Furthermore, performance and scalability considerations are analyzed, highlighting the trade-offs between security, computational overhead, transaction speed, and energy efficiency. Case studies of blockchain-enabled IoT applications in industries such as smart homes, healthcare, supply chain management, and industrial automation are presented to demonstrate practical implementations and real-world benefits. Finally, the paper discusses potential future developments, emerging trends, and research directions for improving the scalability, interoperability, and efficiency of blockchain-based IoT networks. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the role of blockchain in securing IoT ecosystems, offering insights into its feasibility, challenges, and prospects for widespread adoption in next-generation connected environments.
Optimization of mesh networks for smart cities
Authors: Ashalatha P. R
Published: February 2025

Mesh networks have emerged as a foundational technology in the evolution of smart cities, offering a resilient, scalable, and efficient communication infrastructure. Unlike traditional hierarchical networks, which rely on centralized control and exhibit vulnerabilities due to single points of failure, mesh networks facilitate decentralized connectivity, enhancing robustness and fault tolerance. The self-healing and adaptive nature of mesh topologies ensures seamless data transmission, making them ideal for applications such as smart transportation, intelligent energy grids, public safety systems, and environmental monitoring. This paper explores various optimization techniques for improving mesh network performance in smart city environments. Key areas of focus include network topology optimization to enhance coverage and connectivity, energy-efficient routing protocols to extend node lifespan and reduce power consumption, load balancing strategies to mitigate congestion and ensure fair resource distribution, and security enhancements to safeguard against cyber threats and unauthorized access. Advanced methodologies such as artificial intelligence-driven network management, software-defined networking (SDN) integration, and blockchain-based security frameworks are discussed in the context of optimizing network efficiency and resilience. To validate the effectiveness of these optimization techniques, performance evaluation is conducted through case studies and comparative analysis. Metrics such as latency, throughput, energy efficiency, packet delivery ratio, and network resilience under failure scenarios are assessed across different optimization strategies. The findings provide insights into best practices for implementing robust and efficient mesh networks in smart cities, contributing to the development of future-ready urban communication infrastructures.
OECD Ticaretin Kolaylaştırılması Kriterleri Çerçevesinde Türk Cumhuriyetlerine İlişkin Değerlendirme
Authors: Kızıler Neslihan
Published: February 2025

SSCB’nin dağılması sonrasında beş Türk Cumhuriyeti bağımsızlığını ilan etmiştir. Türkiye, aynı etnik kök ve medeniyetten beslenen bu beş Türk Cumhuriyeti ile yakın işbirliği içine girmiş ve deneyimlerini kardeş cumhuriyetlerle paylaşmıştır. Türk Cumhuriyetleri gerek birbirleriyle gerek Türkiye’yle gerekse yenidünya düzeni içinde diğer ülkelerle olan ticaretlerinde izleyecekleri dış ticaret politikalarında birtakım sıkıntılar yaşamışlardır. Zira bu devletlerin uzun dönem birer üyesi olarak varlıklarını sürdürdükleri SSCB’nin yapısal düzenlemeleri bırakarak Batı’nın kurum ve kuruluşlarıyla uyum sağlamaları için köklü reformlar yapmaları gerekli olmuştur. Bu çerçevede önem arz eden bir konu da dış ticarettin liberalleştirmesi olmuştur. Bu çalışmada dış ticaretin liberalleşmesinde önemli bir ölçüt olarak görülen “OECD Ticaretin Kolaylaştırılması Kriterleri” çerçevesinde Türk Cumhuriyetlerinin dış ticaret yapısı ele alınacaktır. Aynı zamanda bu kriterlerin Türk Dünyası 2040 Vizyonu Belgesinde yer alan gümrük ve transit prosedürlerini sadeleştirme hedefi ile uyumu değerlendirilecektir.
CURATIVO REGENERATIVO DE CELULOSE BACTERIANA PARA LESÕES POR RESSECÇÃO TUMORAL
Authors: Monteiro dos Santos Kelly , Carvalho Mahnke Layla , Maximo Arcoverde Murielly , Lamartine de Andrade Aguiar José , Cristina Morone Pinto Flávia
Published: February 2025

Introdução: Cirurgias para ressecção de tumores de pele do tipo não melanoma frequentemente resultam em feridas complexas extensa, que exigem tratamento com curativos adequados e preferencialmente de baixo custo e que possibilitem uma cicatrização eficiente. Curativos disponíveis precisam ser trocados regularmente, promovendo desbridamento e dor durante a remoção. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a resposta de feridas cirúrgicas decorrentes de ressecção tumoral tratadas com um curativo de celulose bacteriana derivado do melaço de cana-de-açúcar, PolyTissue®. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo prospectivo a partir de uma série de casos incluindo 14 pacientes adultos (15 lesões). A avaliação das feridas foi realizada através da metodologia MEASURE incluindo também discussões clínicas entre profissionais da área (triangulação). Foram realizados registros das feridas usando o aplicativo digital imitoMeasure® e as análises estatísticas foram conduzidas pelo software SPSS. Resultados: Os participantes (14) tinham idade média de 64,4±8,2 anos, sendo a maioria homens (78,6%). A localização predominante das lesões avaliadas (15) foi no membro inferior direito (40,0%, p=0,047). Observou-se redução das medidas de área, circunferência, largura e comprimento das lesões na última avaliação clínica (p<0,05) e ausência de exsudato em 13 das 15 lesões avaliadas (86,7%). O tempo médio de cicatrização foi 68 dias. Nenhum participante referiu dor durante o estudo. Conclusão: Conclui-se que, o curativo de celulose bacteriana (PolyTissue®) pode auxiliar na cicatrização de feridas decorrentes de ressecção tumoral de câncer de pele do tipo não melanoma e proporciona conforto aos pacientes, além de ser de baixo custo.
Running Like a Girl: Athletics Performance of Women Whose Eligibility is Subject to World Athletics DSD Regulations
Authors: Gollish Sasha , Heffernan Shane M. , Herbert Adam , Pape Madeline , Sabiston Catherine M. , Stebbings Georgina , Williams Alun Gwyn , Pielke Roger
Published: February 2025

This paper compares four running events (100m, 200m, 400m, 800m) in terms of (a) official in-competition career-best performances of nine women with natural variations in their sex characteristics known to fall under the World Athletics Eligibility Regulations for the Female Classification – Athletes with Differences of Sex Development (DSD) with (b) the distribution of all performances in those four events in the Paris 2024 Olympics for both men and women. The analysis shows that, despite not having suppressed their testosterone as required to compete under the regulations, none of these women perform like men and all their career-best performances are well within the range of women’s performances. Evidence of in-competition performances of women whose eligibility is subject to the World Athletics DSD regulations does not support the claim that regulation of these women is necessary to counter their “insuperable” performance advantages over other women.
Neural and Physiological Habituation in Autism: A Systematic Review
Authors: Vecchio Caroline Ferreira Silva , Marques Danilo Benette , Shephard Elizabeth , Mafra Anthonieta Looman , Bellato Alessio , Briet Rafael
Published: February 2025

Habituation is a fundamental form of learning that enables organisms to filter out irrelevant environmental stimuli and focus on significant information. Autistic individuals frequently exhibit altered sensory processing, which may be partially explained by disruptions in habituation mechanisms. We carried out a systematic review – following PRISMA guidelines – to critically evaluate the current literature on neural and physiological habituation in autism. We included studies exploring differences in neural and/or physiological habituation between autistic individuals or those with a family history of autism and controls (either neurotypical or with other diagnoses), or investigating associations between autistic traits and habituation. Twenty-five studies (1691 participants, 818 with a diagnosis or family history of autism, 652 non-autistic controls, 221 with other diagnoses) met inclusion criteria. Across studies, we observed a general pattern of reduced habituation in autistic individuals or those with a family history of autism in response to a range of repeated auditory, visual, and somatosensory stimuli. However, we also highlight the heterogeneity of habituation findings in autism across different experimental methodologies, sensory modalities, and brain regions. We discuss the findings in relation to the development of targeted interventions that address sensory processing challenges in autism.
An investigation of the temporal dynamics of careless responding across different populations in experience sampling data
Authors: Pihlajamäki Milla , Eisele Gudrun , Peeters Lisa , Kirtley Olivia J , Myin-Germeys Inez , Lafit Ginette
Published: February 2025

The experience sampling method (ESM) has become a popular tool across various fields ofpsychology. However, the intensive nature of ESM raises concerns about carelessresponding, where participants respond to questionnaires without paying sufficientattention to them. To better understand careless responding in the context of ESM, thisstudy investigated its temporal dynamics across three commonly used sample types(community, student, clinical). We leveraged four careless responding indicators fromprevious research — response time, within-beep standard deviation, an inconsistencyindex, and occasion-person correlation — and used univariate and multivariate multilevelmodels to examine their trajectories over time, both over the course of the study and overthe course of a day. Our results demonstrate that careless responding is not a stablephenomenon but changes over time, with evidence for increases in carelessness across daysand non-stationarity within days across the different samples. Furthermore, our findingsimply that the indicators differ in their ability to capture carelessness: while response time,within-beep standard deviation, and the inconsistency index show potential for capturingcarelessness, occasion-person correlation appears unsuited for an ESM context. Thepresence of few and small associations among the indicators indicates that they flagdistinct and independent kinds of carelessness and thus complement one another, making itadvisable to use multiple indicators where possible. Overall, our findings underscore theimportance of considering the temporal dynamics of carelessness in ESM studies anddemonstrate the usefulness of the indicators in assessing it.
Adolescents' Self-Diagnosis of Mental Disorders: A Qualitative Study of Clinicians' Perspectives
Authors: Cunningham-Rowe Katie , Foulkes Lucy
Published: February 2025

Background: Concerns over self-diagnosis of mental disorders amongst adolescents have been increasing, but very little empirical research exists to understand what clinicians think about this phenomenon or how it might impact psychological therapy.Method: Semi-structured one-to-one interviews were conducted with 16 mental health professionals, exploring their experiences with and attitudes towards self-diagnosis of mental disorders in adolescents. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Results: Five themes were generated. The first two focused on factors contributing to the rise in self-diagnosis: (1) Self-diagnosis stems from an inherent need to be understood and (2) Access to diagnostic language has proliferated. The latter three focused on the impact of self-diagnosis on therapy: (3) Self-diagnosis is meaningful therapeutic material; (4) When adolescents feel validated, self-diagnosis often fades over time; and (5) Self-diagnosis becomes a barrier to change when it is inflexible.Discussion: The study indicates that, in most cases, clinicians do not consider self-diagnosis as problematic and report it can sometimes help understand the adolescent’s concerns. However, our study also supports concerns about harm to the individual when self-diagnosis is inflexible, and how self-diagnosis could be harmful on a population level if it trivialises psychiatric language and suffering. These findings suggest the need for careful management of self-diagnosis in clinical settings and addressing public discourse that promotes self-diagnosis.
Characterizing error types in the comprehension of fractions: the number line test
Authors: Cauté Maxime , Watkins Cassandra Potier , He Chenxi , Dehaene Stanislas
Published: February 2025

Understanding fractions is a major hurdle for many students. A key aspect of fraction comprehensionis the ability to evaluate their numerical magnitude. Here, we use a number-to-line task, wherestudents point to the location of a number on a graduated line, to characterize errors in fractioncomprehension. A total of ~26,000 French pupils from 6th to 10th grade were tested. Error rates werehigh, almost 80% in 6th grade and 45% in 10th grade. Errors could be classified into seven dominantpatterns, whose frequency varied by grade level and individual performance. Younger andlower-performing children mostly confused fractions with decimals. Older and higher-performing𝑎𝑏children often confused a fraction 𝑏 and its inverse 𝑎 . All grades also confused the roles of thenumerator and the denominator. We propose a theoretical framework suggesting that errors arise asbugs in the execution of one of two main strategies: children converting the fraction into a decimal,or partitioning the line into units and counting them. This model explains the observed error patternsas stemming from inappropriate strategy selection, flawed execution, or incorrect corrective stepsdue to flawed execution. Our analysis provides a deeper understanding of the various traps thatstudents face when interpreting a fraction’s magnitude, the frequency of these errors, and theirsequential order.
Consonance Versus Dissonance: How Exposure to Unfamiliar Colleagues Within and Across Network Communities Affects Social Belonging and Network Change
Authors: Green Paul , Yeaton Matthew , Cormier Grace , Yang Lara , Srivastava Sameer
Published: February 2025

Organizations vary in the degree to which their members experience social belonging. Interventions designed to boost belonging have typically focused on changing individuals’ mindsets. We instead develop a structural intervention that seeks to foster belonging by exposing people to unfamiliar colleagues---ones they are not in regular contact with. We consider two forms of such exposure: consonant, to colleagues from the same network community as the focal actor; and dissonant, to colleagues from different network communities. We hypothesize that consonant exposure engenders more group solidarity, more persistent relationships, and enhanced social belonging. We test these expectations in a pre-registered field experiment at a non-profit organization. Participants (N=213) engaged in a facilitated professional development experience with unfamiliar colleagues and were randomly assigned to either consonant or dissonant groups. Although the anticipated solidarity advantage of consonant exposure was only marginally significant when assessed immediately following the intervention, consonant-condition participants maintained more intervention-group ties and reported greater social belonging three months after the intervention. Yet, pointing to the potential tradeoffs of consonant versus dissonant exposure, dissonant-condition participants experienced steeper declines in network constraint and greater increases in betweenness and closeness centrality. We discuss implications for research on social networks, workplace belonging, and organizational interventions.
Henry Cort and the ‘Black metallurgists’: on the accuracy of Bulstrode’s historical account
Authors: Jelf Oliver
Published: February 2025

The editors of History and Technology have declared their ‘unreserved support’ for Jenny Bulstrode’s claim that 18th-century ironmaster Henry Cort stole his revolutionary iron-rolling process from enslaved metalworkers. This paper critically examines their defence of her theory, with a particular focus on connections between sugar and iron technology that are said by Bulstrode to have inspired ‘Black metallurgists’ in Jamaica to develop the process later patented in Britain by Cort. By exploring in depth the historical context, technological details, and primary sources relating to Bulstrode’s claim, this study demonstrates that her account remains unproven.
Diabetic Foot
Authors: Valentyn Gusyev
Published: February 2025

Diabetic foot syndrome is a complex set of anatomical and functional changes that occur in 30-60% of diabetic patients. A high content of glucose in the blood reduces its fluidity, capillary circulation and cell nutrition worsen. Such a state of blood for a long time leads to damage to the vessels and nerves of the lower extremities, to the disorder of the processes of muscle innervation.
Akibat Hukum Pelanggaran Hak Cipta Dalam Perspektif Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia Nomor 1 Tahun 2003 Tentang Hak Cipta
Authors: Wati Rahmi Ria  , Amara Yovitasari
Published: February 2025

One of the fatwa’s issued by the Indonesian Hak Council (MUI) is Fatwa Number 1 concerning Copyright. The community, especially Muslims in Indonesia, certainly needs an explanation of the MUI Fatwa, especially those related to the legal consequences of copyright infringement. Therefoe, the problem in this research is what are the legal cunsequences of copyright infringement in the perspective of MUI Fatwa Number 1 od 2003.This research uses normative legal research type with descriptive research type. The problem approach in this study uses a normative juridical legal problem approach. The data used in this study, such as primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials were analyzed qualitatively. The results of the research and discussion show that Copyright Regulations in Indonesia are regulated in Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright and MUI Fatwa Number 1 of 2003 concerning Copyright. The legal consequences of Copyright Violations in the perspective of the MUI Fatwa on Copyrights result in three things, that are for the creator or copyright owner whose copyright is violated, for copyright violators and works whose Copyright is violated.