bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uncovering the hidden marine sponge microbiome by applying a multi-primer approach
Authors: Yang Qi , Franco Christopher M. M. , Zhang Wei
Published: April 2019

Marine sponges (phylum Porifera) are hosts to microorganisms that make up to 40–60% of the mesohyl volume. The challenge is to characterise this microbial diversity more comprehensively. To accomplish this, a new method was for the first time proposed to obtain sequence coverage of all the variable regions of the 16S rRNA gene to analyze the amplicon-based microbiomes of four representative sponge species belonging to different orders. The five primer sets targeting nine variable regions of the 16S rRNA gene revealed a significant increase in microbiome coverage of 29.5% of phylum level OTUs and 35.5% class level OTUs compared to the community revealed by the commonly used V4 region-specific primer set alone. Among the resulting OTUs, 52.6% and 61.3% were unaffiliated, including candidate OTUs, at the phylum and class levels, respectively, which demonstrated a substantially superior performance in uncovering taxonomic ‘blind spots’. Overall, a more complete sponge microbiome profile was achieved by this multi-primer approach, given the significant improvement of microbial taxonomic coverage and the enhanced capacity to uncover novel microbial taxa. This multi-primer approach represents a fundamental and practical change from the conventional single primer set amplicon-based microbiome approach, and can be broadly applicable to other microbiome studies.
Prevention of hatching of porcine morulae and blastocysts by liquid storage at 20 °C
Authors: Martinez Cristina A. , Cambra Josep M. , Nohalez Alicia , Parrilla Inmaculada , Roca Jordi , Vazquez Jose L. , Rodriguez-Martinez Heriberto , Gil Maria A. , Martinez Emilio A. , Cuello Cristina
Published: April 2019

Vitrification is the ideal method for long-lasting storage of porcine embryos. However, both strict airline regulations for transport of liquid nitrogen dewars and the technical problems experienced when vitrified embryos are transferred using non-surgical procedures have led to the introduction of alternative storage methods, such as preserving embryos in liquid state. This study evaluated whether a pH-stable medium containing high concentrations of either foetal calf serum (FCS; 50%) or BSA (4%) combined with storage at temperatures of 17 °C or 20 °C maintained in vivo-derived morulae and blastocysts alive and unhatched (a sanitary requirement for embryo transportation) during 72 h of storage. Neither FCS nor BSA supplements were able to counteract the negative effect of low temperatures (17 °C) on embryonic survival after storage. At 20 °C, the protective effect of FCS or BSA depended on embryo stage. While FCS successfully arrested embryo development of only blastocysts, BSA arrested the development of both morulae and blastocysts. Over 80% of BSA arrested embryos restarted development by conventional culture and progressed to further embryonic stages, including hatching. In conclusion, porcine morulae and blastocysts can survive and remain unhatched during at least 72 h when stored at 20 °C in a BSA-containing medium.
Hypoglycemia-activated Hypothalamic Microglia Impairs Glucose Counterregulatory Responses
Authors: Winkler Zsuzsanna , Kuti Dániel , Polyák Ágnes , Juhász Balázs , Gulyás Krisztina , Lénárt Nikolett , Dénes Ádám , Ferenczi Szilamér , Kovács Krisztina J.
Published: April 2019

Glucose is a major fuel for the central nervous system and hypoglycemia is a significant homeostatic stressor, which elicits counterregulatory reactions. Hypothalamic metabolic- and stress-related neurons initiate these actions, however recruitment of glia in control such adaptive circuit remain unknown. Groups of fed- and fasted-, vehicle-injected, and fasted + insulin-injected male mice were compared in this study. Bolus insulin administration to fasted mice resulted in hypoglycemia, which increased hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis- and sympathetic activity, increased transcription of neuropeptide Y (Npy) and agouti-related peptide (Agrp) in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus and activated IBA1+ microglia in the hypothalamus. Activated microglia were found in close apposition to hypoglycemia-responsive NPY neurons. Inhibition of microglia by minocycline increased counterregulatory sympathetic response to hypoglycemia. Fractalkine-CX3CR1 signaling plays a role in control of microglia during hypoglycemia, because density and solidity of IBA1-ir profiles was attenuated in fasted, insulin-treated, CX3CR1 KO mice, which was parallel with exaggerated neuropeptide responses and higher blood glucose levels following insulin administration. Hypoglycemia increased Il-1b expression in the arcuate nucleus, while IL-1a/b knockout mice display improved glycemic control to insulin administration. In conclusion, activated microglia in the arcuate nucleus interferes with central counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemia. These results underscore involvement of microglia in hypothalamic regulation of glucose homeostasis.
Disentangling host-parasite-pathogen interactions in a varroa-resistant honeybee population reveals virus tolerance as an independent, naturally adapted survival mechanism
Authors: Thaduri Srinivas , Stephan Jörg G. , de Miranda Joachim R. , Locke Barbara
Published: April 2019

The ectoparasitic mite, Varroa destructor, is unarguably the leading cause of honeybee (Apis mellifera) mortality worldwide through its role as a vector for lethal viruses, in particular, strains of the Deformed wing virus (DWV) and Acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV) complexes. This multi-level system of host-parasite-pathogen interactions makes it difficult to investigate effects of either the mite or the virus on natural host survival. The aim of this study was to remove confounding effects of varroa to examine the role of virus susceptibility in the enhanced survival of a naturally adapted Swedish mite-resistant (MR) honeybee population, relative to mite-susceptible (MS) honeybees. Caged adult bees and laboratory reared larvae, from varroa-free colonies, were inoculated with DWV and ABPV in a series of feeding infection experiments, while control groups received virus-free food. Virus infections were monitored using RT-qPCR assays in individuals sampled over a time course. In both adults and larvae the DWV and ABPV infection dynamics were nearly identical between MR and MS groups, but MS adults suffered significantly higher mortality than MR adults. Results suggest virus tolerance, rather than reduced susceptibility or virus resistance, is an important component of the natural survival of this honeybee population.
Coordinative interaction between nitrogen oxides and iron–molybdenum POM Mo72Fe30
Authors: Grzhegorzhevskii Kirill V. , Tonkushina Margarita O. , Fokin Andrei V. , Belova Ksenia G. , Ostroushko Alexander A.
Published: April 2019

The process of adsorption of nitrogen monoxide and dioxide by the giant Keplerate nanocluster Mo72Fe30 was studied in detail under ambient conditions and air/argon atmosphere.
Fabrication and characterization of citral-loaded oil-in-water Pickering emulsions stabilized by chitosan-tripolyphosphate particles
Authors: Tian Huaixiang , Lu Zhuoyan , Yu Haiyan , Chen Chen , Hu Jing
Published: April 2019

Citral-loaded oil-in-water Pickering emulsions were stabilized by CS-TPP Ps to protect citral from degradation in acidic environment.
Lithium dendrite-free plating/stripping: a new synergistic lithium ion solvation structure effect for reliable lithium–sulfur full batteries
Authors: Zhang Jiao , Zhou Lin , Ming Hai , Wu Yingqiang , Wahyudi Wandi , Cao Zhen , Cavallo Luigi , Wang Limin , Ming Jun
Published: April 2019

A new synergistic Li+ solvation structure effect is introduced to mitigate the growth of lithium-dendrites and applied for safer Li–S full batteries.
Designing biological fluid inspired molecularly crowded ionic liquid media as a sustainable packaging platform for cytochrome c
Authors: Bhakuni Kavya , Bisht Meena , Venkatesu Pannuru , Mondal Dibyendu
Published: April 2019

The present study demonstrated biological fluid inspired design of molecularly crowded IL media and disclosed an innovative and sustainable way for the packaging of Cyt c with enhanced activity and stability.
Selective hydroconversion of levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone or 2-methyltetrahydrofuran over silica-supported cobalt catalysts
Authors: Novodárszki Gyula , Solt Hanna E. , Valyon József , Lónyi Ferenc , Hancsók Jenő , Deka Dhanapati , Tuba Róbert , Mihályi Magdolna R.
Published: April 2019

Levulinic acid can be hydrodeoxygenated either to γ-valerolactone or to 2-methyltetrahydrofuran over the Co/SiO2 catalyst. Selectivity was controlled by the hydrogenation activity of the catalyst.
Nucleophilic substitution: a facile strategy for selective B–H functionalization of carboranes
Authors: Quan Yangjian , Tang Cen , Xie Zuowei
Published: April 2019

Nucleophilic substitution of cage BH serves as a brand new strategy for straightforward and regioselective cage B–H functionalization of carboranes.
Effects of Momordica saponin extract on alleviating fat accumulation in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Lin Chunxiu , Lin Yizi , Chen Yue , Xu Jiena , Li Jun , Cao Yong , Su Zuanxian , Chen Yunjiao
Published: April 2019

The study offers methods and models for elucidating fat accumulation and mechanisms, valuable for studies of other plant-based nutraceuticals.
Three-dimensional flower-like Ni–Mn–S on Ti mesh: a monolithic electrochemical platform for detecting glucose
Authors: Wang Yajing , Wang Jiankang , Xie Taiping , Zhang Lai , Yang Long , Zhu Quanxi , Liu Songli , Peng Yuan , Zhang Xiaodong , Deng Qihuang
Published: April 2019

Three-dimensional flower-like Ni–Mn–S on Ti mesh as a monolithic electrochemical platform was constructed and exhibited satisfactory glucose sensing performance.
New insight into the chemistry of selenoureas: synthesis and single crystal structural study of diverse derivatives
Authors: Hua Guoxiong , Du Junyi , Carpenter-Warren Cameron L. , Cordes David B. , Slawin Alexandra M. Z. , Woollins J. Derek
Published: April 2019

A series of new heteroatom derivatives of N-acylselenoureas was obtained through the reaction of KSeCN with acyl chloride and primary amines, followed by the cyclisation reaction with phenacyl bromides.
AlN epitaxy on SiC by low-temperature atomic layer deposition via layer-by-layer, in situ atomic layer annealing
Authors: Kao Wei-Chung , Lee Wei-Hao , Yi Sheng-Han , Shen Tsung-Han , Lin Hsin-Chih , Chen Miin-Jang
Published: April 2019

The schematic diagram of the processing cycle including the atomic layer annealing (ALA) to achieve low-temperature epitaxial growth of AlN on SiC.
The effect of PEG functionalization on the in vivo behavior and toxicity of CdTe quantum dots
Authors: Du Yan , Zhong Yuanyuan , Dong Jingjing , Qian Chuntong , Sun Shian , Gao Liping , Yang Dongzhi
Published: April 2019

CdTe quantum dots (QDs) are considered a potential toxic substance because they contain metal ions.
A computational study to determine whether substituents make E13nitrogen (E13 = B, Al, Ga, In, and Tl) triple bonds synthetically accessible
Authors: Zhang Shi-Lin , Yang Ming-Chung , Su Ming-Der
Published: April 2019

This study theoretically determines the effect of substituents on the stability of the triple-bonded L–E13N–L (E13 = B, Al, Ga, In, and Tl) compound using the M06-2X/Def2-TZVP, B3PW91/Def2-TZVP, and B3LYP/LANL2DZ+dp levels of theory.
Fluorometric enhancement of the detection of H2O2using different organic substrates and a peroxidase-mimicking polyoxometalate
Authors: Tian Rui , Zhang Boyu , Zhao Mingming , Zou Hangjin , Zhang Chuhan , Qi Yanfei , Ma Qiang
Published: April 2019

A fluorometric enhancement method based on a polyoxotungstate intrinsic peroxidase for the detection of hydrogen peroxide under basic conditions is developed for the first time.
Mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles doped with magnesium: drug delivery and acellular in vitro bioactivity
Authors: Tabia Zakaria , El Mabrouk Khalil , Bricha Meriame , Nouneh Khalid
Published: April 2019

The effects of the magnesium doping of binary glass (Si–Ca) on particle texture, on the biomineralization process in simulated body fluid (SBF) as well as on drug loading and release were examined.
NIR-to-visible upconversion in quantum dots via a ligand induced charge transfer state
Authors: Meir Noga , Pinkas Iddo , Oron Dan
Published: April 2019

Photon upconversion is facilitated by the generation of a charge transfer transition in the interface of a coupled QD–thiol system.
Protecting group-directed annulations of tetra-substituted oxindole olefins and sulfur ylides: regio- and chemoselective synthesis of cyclopropane- and dihydrofuran-fused spirooxindoles
Authors: Kang Jing-Wen , Li Xiang , Chen Fei-Yu , Luo Yuan , Zhang Shu-Cang , Kang Bin , Peng Cheng , Tian Xu , Han Bo
Published: April 2019

Protecting group-controlled regio- and chemoselective synthesis of cyclopropane- and dihydrofuran-fused spirooxindoles containing vicinal quaternary carbon centers.
Attractionvs.repulsion – learning about forces and energy in chemical bonding with the ELI-Chem simulation
Authors: R. Zohar Asnat , Levy Sharona T.
Published: April 2019

This work seeks to solve one of the basic problems in chemistry learning: understanding the chemical bond as a dynamic equilibrium between attractive and repulsive forces. This force-based model is difficult to grasp, as there are no analogues from everyday life for both attractions and repulsions happening simultaneously. In addition, current teaching approaches often mislead by using mainly the ‘octet rule’ heuristic. As a result, students construct naïve models of the chemical bond, usually viewing atoms as solid balls that are attached to each other in order to “achieve an octet.” To represent the force-based dynamics of the bond, we designed the ELI-Chem learning environment. This environment enables interaction as an atom with another atom while observing the underlying forces and the potential energy curve. Our theoretical framework is based on Embodied Learning theory by relating conceptual learning to bodily experiences. The study uses qualitative and quantitative methods with 21 high school chemistry students in a pretest–intervention–posttest design. During a 40 minute activity with the ELI-Chem simulation, students were prompted to discover the underlying forces of bonding and relate them to energy changes. Findings show that learning with the ELI-Chem simulation supports students in gaining the knowledge elements that are required to build the dynamic force-based mental model of chemical bonding, and to conceptualize chemical energy as due to forces. Finally, the design principles of the ELI-Chem environment are discussed. Aligned with science standards, attending to students’ difficulties, and using the advantages of a computer simulation, the ELI-Chem environment provides an appropriate representation of chemical bonding, which is more valid scientifically yet makes the abstract concept accessible.
Circular RNAs in gynecological disease: promising biomarkers and diagnostic targets
Authors: Huang Jie , Zhou Qin , Li Yunyun
Published: April 2019

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a category of RNA molecules with covalently closed circles lacking both a 5′ cap and a 3′ tail. In recent years, circRNAs have attracted much attention and become a research hotspot of the RNA field following miRNAs and lncRNAs. CircRNAs exhibit tissue specificity, structural stability, and evolutionary conservation. Although the biological effects of circRNAs are still underestimated, many studies have shown that circRNAs have functions including regulation of transcription, translation into proteins and miRNA sponges. In this review, we briefly described the biogenesis and function of circRNAs and present circular transcripts in gynecological disease.
LncRNA NRON down-regulates lncRNA snaR and inhibits cancer cell proliferation in TNBC
Authors: Niu Limin , Fan Qingxia , Yan Min , Wang Liuxing
Published: April 2019

NRON mediates the degradation of tat protein to participate in HIV-1 infection. Interestingly, our study observed the down-regulation of NRON in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) tissues compared with paired adjacent healthy tissues. In contrast, lncRNA snaR was up-regulated in TNBC tissues and was inversely correlated with NRON. Expression levels of snaR increased, while expression levels of NRON decreased along with the increase of clinical stages. The snaR overexpression resulted in promoted cancer cell proliferation but did not significantly affect NRON expression. NRON overexpression inhibited cancer cell proliferation and down-regulated snaR. The snaR overexpression reduced the effects of NRON overexpression. We therefore conclude that NRON may down-regulate lncRNA snaR to inhibit cancer cell proliferation in TNBC.
Identifying Developmental Language Disorder in Vietnamese Children
Authors: Pham Giang T. , Pruitt-Lord Sonja , Snow Catherine E. , Nguyen Yen Hoang Thi , Phạm Ben , Dao Thuy Bich Thi , Tran Ngoc Bich Thi , Pham Linh Thuy , Hoang Hien Thu , Dam Quynh Diem
Published: April 2019

Purpose

Developmental language disorder (DLD), defined by low language performance despite otherwise normal development, can negatively impact children's social and academic outcomes. This study is the 1st to examine DLD in Vietnamese. To lay the foundation, we identified cases of DLD in Vietnam and explored language-specific characteristics of the disorder.

Method

Teacher ratings of 1,250 kindergarteners living in Hanoi, Vietnam, were used to recruit children with and without risk for DLD. One hundred four children completed direct measures of vocabulary and language sampling, and their parents completed in-depth surveys. We examined convergence and divergence across tasks to identify measures that could serve as reliable indicators of risk. Then, we compared performance on direct language measures across ability levels.

Results

There were positive associations between teacher and parent report and between report and direct language measures. Three groups were identified based on convergence across measures: DLD, some risk for DLD, and no risk. The DLD group performed lowest on measures of receptive and expressive vocabulary, mean length of utterance, and grammaticality. Although children with DLD exhibited a greater number of errors, the types of errors found were similar across DLD and No Risk groups.

Conclusions

Similar to rates found globally, 7% of the kindergarten population in Vietnam exhibited risk for DLD. Results highlight the importance of parent and teacher report and the value of multiple measures to identify DLD. We discuss potential clinical markers for DLD in the Vietnamese language and outline future directions.
Cell Yell!: Health Risks in Telehealth
Authors: Kisenwether Jessica S. , Anson Denis
Published: April 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to determine if the use of visual feedback can overcome the absence of side tone to control for vocal quality changes, specifically loudness, with speakerphone use.

Method

Ten men and 10 women held two 5-min conversations in pairs under audio-only and audiovisual communication conditions. Acoustical data and a number of conversational collisions (communication partners trying to speak at the same time) under each condition were compared.

Results

There were no statistically significant differences in acoustical measures of voice quality between audio-only and audiovisual conversations; however, vocal intensity was consistently 4 times more powerful than average face-to-face conversational intensity during both conditions. The number of conversational collisions was significantly less for the audiovisual condition as compared to the audio-only condition.

Conclusion

Results suggest that visual feedback did allow for modulation of conversational flow (fewer conversational collisions) but did not allow for modulation of vocal quality. Visual feedback did not overcome the absence of side tone and resulted in the same increased conversational loudness observed during the audio-only condition. As a result, remote conversational partners such as clients and telehealth practitioners are more susceptible to developing vocal health issues.
Disturbance observer‐based decentralised power tracking control of wind farms
Authors: Gao Rui , Huang Jiangshuai , Luo Xiaosuo , Song Yong Duan
Published: April 2019

Wind farm normally involves a large number of wind turbines that are interactive due to air flow influence, making it interesting yet challenging to design a decentralised control scheme for each turbine unit so that stable power generation of wind farm is achieved. In this study, a decentralised adaptive control scheme is proposed for interconnected wind power generation systems in the presence of uncertain interaction among the turbines, capturing the maximum possible wind power. Based upon the disturbance observer technique, the unknown compounded disturbance is estimated. A speed function contributing to the decentralised control solution is introduced to improve the transient behaviour of the power tracking during the main course of the system operation so that the tracking error converges to a preassigned arbitrarily small compact set with a prescribed rate of convergence in a given finite time. The effectiveness of the proposed neuroadaptive tracking control strategy is verified through numerical simulation.
Detection of a recurrent static target using binary sensor networks
Authors: Levy Uri , Amar Alon
Published: April 2019

The authors address the problem of decentralised detection of a recurrent event produced by a static uncooperative target in a wireless network of spatially distributed sensors. The presence or absence of the target is determined by applying fusion rules on local binary decisions of individual sensors. Optimal fusion rules require complete statistical knowledge about local detection and false alarm probabilities; hence, in practice they are infeasible. Previous works, such as the counting rule test, scan statistics and the generalised likelihood ratio test, have suggested sub‐optimal fusion rules based on the total number of detecting sensors. Neither method takes full advantage of the spatial or temporal correlation between adjacent sensors. In practice, the decisions of adjacent sensors are dependent both in space (as the target is static) and in time (as the event reoccurs). Herein, the authors propose an approach that capitalises on the temporal and spatial arrangement of the local decisions. Simulation examples demonstrate that the detection probability of the proposed spatio‐temporal rule is significantly higher than that of the common methods, and also achieves a lower probability of false alarm. Moreover, real data results show that the proposed approach is robust to strong environmental noises.
Air Pollution and Control of Cargo Handling Equipments in Ports
Authors: Li Zhu , Jun Feng Chen , Jun Ya Duan
Published: April 2019

In order to reduce and control air pollution caused by cargo handling equipments in ports, China’s transportation authority has proposed the goal of accelerating the elimination of old high-emission cargo handling equipments. This paper studies and constructs a dynamic method based on the level of cargo handling equipments activity to estimate the emissions of atmospheric pollutants. The results show that in 2017, if the engines of cargo handling equipment are upgraded and comply with Chinese standard Tier III, the air pollution will be significantly reduced. We show the ranking of the emission of air pollution of different type of equipment in ports. The government will make a good decision on air pollution and control with our research results.
Water Security in Green Campus Assessment Standard
Authors: Wimala Mia , Zirads Bob , Evelina Rindu
Published: April 2019

The importance of fresh water in human life entails people to be conscious of conserving the resources since only one percent of the total fresh water on the earth is easily accessible. Green campus is a concept implemented by campuses where policies are lead to ecological points of view. This research aims to update the UI GreenMetric standard, focusing on Water (WA) category as a recommendation for Universitas Indonesia as the initiator. Referrals from other related standards, i.e. STARS® and Greenship were done on developing the category with its contents. Furthermore, the re-weighting and re-scoring system of the newly developed category were carried out using Analytical Hierarchy Process method, adjusted to the existing laws/regulations in Indonesia. For verification purposes, a study on campus performance at Universitas Katolik Parahyangan, was conducted using the newly developed category. The proposed strategies were then set to improve the campus performance in the future.
The Intersection of Potters and Environmental Sustainability - Pottery Glaze Cases
Authors: Lu Ching-Lin , Huang Tai-shen , Fang-Lin
Published: April 2019

Ceramics is a comprehensive expression of art and science. The ultimate goal of artistic creators is to create new presentations based on specific materials and superb techniques. Beside the bright and vivid presentation of ceramic art, we cannot ignore the process of glazing and ceramic firing, which is a process of high energy consumption and high carbon dioxide emission. We use life cycle assessment to calculate the environmental impact of the production phase. The impact at the manufacturing stage is different for different firing approach. The amount of CO2 emission in material and processing phase of design-2 is much more than that of Design-1. We need qualitatively and quantitatively explored to complement the lack of knowledge on the relationship between art creation materials and the impact on the environment.
Preliminary experimental of GPU immersion-cooling
Authors: Pambudi Nugroho Agung , Bugis Husin , Kuncoro Ilham Wahyu , Setiawan Nova Dany , Hijriawan Miftah , Rudiyanto Bayu , Basori Basori
Published: April 2019

A typical information technology system takes around 40% of the total energy used in cooling the system. There are three major classifications of cooling system and they are: water cooling, close loop liquid cooling, and immersion cooling systems. Immersion cooling has been observed to be the latest trend in cooling systems for IT devices. It is a cooling procedure that is carried out through the immersion of all computer components in a dielectric coolant. This research examined the cooling process of GPU using this immersion method. Mineral oil, because of its high dielectric strength, is used as a medium fluid. The temperature difference between the use of fan and immersion cooling was then measured using a benchmark software. The result showed that the immersion cooling produced a lower GPU temperature compared to the conventional fan. The working temperature of the GPU with the use of immersion method was 70°C while it was 80°C with the conventional fan method.
Immobilization of Isocitrate Dehydrogenase on Mesoporous Silica Foam for Carbon Dioxide Capture
Authors: Xia Shunxiang , Zhang Laibao , Veony Enjelia
Published: April 2019

Carbon capture can be realized effectively through isocitrate dehydrogenase reaction and the reaction rate was strongly affected by the environmental parameters such as pH and temperature. Enzyme immobilization was conducted to improve the enzyme stability during the capture process. By simply adsorbing enzyme on the surface of mesoporous silica foam, enzyme stability against temperature, pH and shear stress was improved. The immobilization process can be completed in 5 mins, and 0.87 U enzyme activity was kept for each gram of immobilization material. After 10 cycles, more than 50 percent of enzyme activity remained. The reusability and improved stability made immobilized ICDH a better candidate for large-scale application of carbon capture.
Preparation of high quality FeV65N by carbonitrothermic reduction of V2O5and Fe2O3
Authors: Wu Yue-Dong , Zhang Guo-Hua , Chou Kuo-Chih
Published: April 2019

In this work, high quality FeV65N alloy (vanadium and nitrogen contents were 65 and 13 wt.%, respectively) is prepared by carbonitrothermic reduction reaction at 1823 K among V2O5, Fe2O3and graphite. Compared with the traditional methods, it avoids the preparation of ferrovanadium, thus decreases the cost and energy consumption. Moreover, the introduction of Al or Si element is avoided. The effects of the C/O molar ratio and reaction temperature on the nitrogen, carbon and oxygen concentrations of the final product are studied. The experimental results show that a higher temperature is beneficial for increasing the nitrogen content and density of FeV65N alloy. The C/O molar ratio is critical to obtain a high nitrogen concentration. A higher or lower C/O molar ratio will result in the decrease of the nitrogen concentration. At a C/O molar ratio of 0.8, the carbon and nitrogen contents of FeV65N alloy prepared at 1823 K are 0.066 and 16.19 wt.%, respectively. The compositions completely fulfill the requirements of Chinese national standard of FeV65N alloy. Moreover, the density of FeV65N alloy can be up to 3.99 g/cm3. Furthermore, the effect of Fe addition on the carbon, oxygen and nitrogen contents is studied. It is found that the addition of Fe can increase the nitrogen content and further remove oxygen and carbon, since it provides a liquid tunnel for carbon diffusion, which enhances the reaction kinetics greatly.
La segmentation de l’arc, une réponse aux difficultés de traitement de cas atypiques
Authors: Tuil Philippe , Bourgoin Gilles
Published: April 2019

Introduction : Les traitements de cas asymétriques sont souvent très difficiles à corriger en orthodontie. Des mini-vis d’ancrage sont souvent nécessaires au traitement de ces cas lorsque la malocclusion est d’origine maxillaire. Toutefois, une analyse biomécanique précise doit être faite afin d’éviter des effets secondaires parasites de nos mécaniques. Que ce soit en arc continu ou segmenté, ceux-ci peuvent être présents et doivent être anticipés pour être maîtrisés. Matériels et méthodes : Après avoir rappelé les effets parasites possibles en technique d’arcs continus et les principes de la technique d’arc segmenté, les auteurs étayent leurs arguments à travers divers cas cliniques. Conclusion : L’avantage des techniques segmentées réside dans leur précision et dans la rapidité des déplacements dans les trois dimensions de l’espace, mais ils peuvent présenter des écueils importants également. En pratique, ces techniques semblent adaptées pour les cas atypiques complexes, en particulier dans les cas d’asymétrie dans les plans frontaux ou transversaux.
La longue histoire du QI
Authors: Chapuis Élisabeth
Published: April 2019

Depuis son invention au début du XXe siècle, la notion de QI a toujours fait l’objet de débats. Largement utilisé dans les domaines de l’orientation scolaire et professionnelle, le QI a donné lieu à d’importantes dérives eugénistes peu connues du grand public. Perçu aujourd’hui comme prédictif de succès ou d’échec, il fait l’objet d’une forte demande appuyée par divers professionnels. Pourtant, la psychologie cognitive s’est orientée vers une approche plurifactorielle de l’efficience cognitive qui semble incompatible avec sa réduction à une moyenne exprimée par un chiffre unique, ce qui ouvrirait par ailleurs des perspectives thérapeutiques que n’offrait pas le constat de débilité.
À propos de la folie et de l’amour dans Crime et Châtiment de Dostoïevski
Authors: Bazan Ariane
Published: April 2019

Crime et Châtiment raconte l’histoire de Raskolnikov à l’été 1865 à Petersbourg, qui assassine une vieille usurière et sa sœur. Dès avant son geste Raskolnikov se met au travail quant aux questions de la culpabilité, du châtiment et de la rédemption. Le texte présente la folie humaine selon deux modalités, la névrose et la psychose, chacune avec ses deux temporalités, c’est-à-dire un premier moment de conscience d’une séparation d’avec la réalité, et un second moment de séparation effective. Raskolnikov se trouve du côté de la psychose, sur un continuel point de basculement entre les deux temps et les folies de Catherina Ivanovna et, peut-être, d’Arcady Svidrigaïlov, se trouvent du côté de la névrose, avec seul Arcady qui ne bascule pas. La seconde idée est celle de l’enjeu du crime : peut-on se trouver parmi ses frères humains de cet amour inconditionnel qui serait capable d’aimer le criminel le plus abject ? Le paradoxe est que Raskolnikov, qui ne peut supporter la transgression au point de délirer une race pure, met au défi ce monde à aimer le coupable du crime le plus vil. Nous terminerons en proposant que l’amour ne puisse être qu’inconditionnel, même s’il ne peut être illimité.
Le temps logique et les phénomènes du corps dans les psychoses ; contribution à une conception analytique de la subjectivation du corps
Authors: Tyranowski Raphaël
Published: April 2019

Le présent travail part d’un constat clinique : la problématique du sujet contemporain nous confronte de plus en plus souvent avec des phénomènes du corps qui relèvent du registre de la psychose. En se situant dans cette dimension clinique, nous allons tenter de développer la conception structurale des psychoses pour conceptualiser une clinique différentielle des phénomènes du corps.

L’axe principal de notre élaboration est le concept de temps logique tel qu’il a été proposé par Jacques Lacan. Nous démontrons comment l’étude des temps logiques de la structure du sujet permet de situer théoriquement et approfondir cliniquement la diversité des phénomènes corporels chez le psychotique. Pour réaliser ce projet, nous conceptualisons d’abord les modalités de la subjectivation psychotique du corps qui répondent aux quatre temps logiques de la structure du sujet psychotique, pour ensuite proposer des exemples cliniques qui les illustrent.

En résumant ces résultats la dernière partie de notre travail explique comment l’inscription des phénomènes du corps dans les temps discrets du procès de la subjectivation de la jouissance aboutit à une clinique différentielle qui ouvre une perspective thérapeutique.
Urlaubsbekanntschaft mit Gifttieren an Land und im Meer
Authors: Lindert J. , Kotsias-Konopelska S.
Published: April 2019

Unfälle mit Gifttieren bei Reisenden sind selten. Die einheimische Bevölkerung ist meist gefährdeter. Vor einer Reise wird die Information über die vorkommenden Gifttiere empfohlen. Die Verhinderung einer Gifttierverletzung durch umsichtiges Verhalten steht im Vordergrund. Kommt es zu einer Verletzung, sollte nach den allgemeinen Erstmaßnahmen ein Arzt aufgesucht werden, um zu klären, ob eine spezifische Therapie nötig ist.
KiWiZ – Gründung eines interdisziplinären Kinderwirbelsäulenzentrums am Universitätsklinikum Leipzig
Authors: Heyde C.-E. , Meixensberger J.
Published: April 2019

Die wachsende Wirbelsäule erfordert aufgrund ihrer anatomischen und funktionellen Besonderheiten, der vielen verschiedenen Pathologien, welche häufig einen interdisziplinären Ansatz erfordern, und aufgrund verschiedener komplexer Krankheitsbilder, eine besondere und fachübergreifende Herangehensweise. Vorgestellt wird das aus diesen Gründen an der Universitätsklinik Leipzig neu gegründete interdisziplinäre Kinderwirbelsäulenzentrum. Durch eine Standardisierung der Abläufe mit einer gemeinsamen fachübergreifenden Entscheidungsfindung sowohl bezüglich der erforderlichen Diagnostik als auch der erforderlichen konservativen bzw. operativen Therapie, kann die Prozessund Behandlungsqualität für die kleinen Patienten verbessert werden. Über die Gründung und die ersten Erfahrungen in diesem Zentrum berichtet dieser Artikel.
Beruf mit Zukunft – Physician Assistants in Deutschland
Authors: Hügler Stephanie
Published: April 2019

Arzt, Pflegekraft, Physiotherapeut – die Arbeitsverteilung in Deutschland beim Thema gesundheitliche Versorgung scheint klar. Doch seit 2008 gibt es noch eine weitere Berufsgruppe: die den Ärzten zugeordneten Physician Assistants. physiopraxis recherchierte, wer diesen Abschluss hat und was Physician Assistants können und dürfen.
Mehr als nur lnhalte anpassen – Curricula weiterentwickeln
Authors: Ledergerber Cécile , Feusi Emanuel
Published: April 2019

Nichts ist so beständig wie der Wandel – vor allem, wenn es um die Bedürfnisse der Gesellschaft, medizintechnische Fortschritte und bildungspolitische Entscheidungen geht. Regelmäßig ist es deshalb nötig, Studiencurricula zu überarbeiten. So auch am Departement Gesundheit der Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften. Im Projekt „Curricula 2020“ entwickelt ein Team seit 2017 fünf Bachelorprogramme weiter und erzählt, welche Herausforderungen ihnen begegnen.
Warum Krokodile nicht lachen – Emotionen steuern
Authors: Hertlein Margit
Published: April 2019

Säugetiere lachen, Reptilien nicht. Warum eigentlich und was hat das mit Ihnen als Physiotherapeut zu tun? Lesen Sie mehr über Stammhirn, limbisches System, Großhirn und deren emotionale Rolle. Und erfahren Sie, warum wir uns öfter mal dazu ermahnen sollten, das Großhirn einzuschalten.
Problemfeld Nacken – Die Rolle der Schulterregion bei Nackenschmerzen
Authors: Truckses Sonja
Published: April 2019

Die Behandlungsstrategien bei Nackenschmerzen sind komplex und beziehen sich häufig auf die Schmerzstelle an sich: den Nacken. Doch auch andere Bereiche wie die Schulterregion und ihre stabilisierenden Muskeln können die Nackenpartie beeinflussen. Gut eignen sich beispielsweise Übungen für den M. serratus anterior.
Mehr Zeit lassen beim Abnabeln
Authors: Klein Friederike
Published: April 2019

Ein verzögertes Abnabeln (Delayed cord clamping, DCC) kann das kindliche Blutvolumen um bis zu 30% erhöhen, die Eisenversorgung in den ersten Lebensmonaten verbessern und so Anämien verringern und die Entwicklung fördern. Welchen Effekt das DCC auf die kindliche Entwicklung im ersten Lebensjahr in einer Region mit hoher Prävalenz eines Eisenmangels hat, prüfte jetzt eine randomisiert-kontrollierte Studie in Kathmandu (Nepal).
Qualitätsmanagement in Physiotherapiepraxen
Authors: Ossendorf Andreas , Nickel Gloria Josephine
Published: April 2019

Hintergrund In Deutschland erbringen rund 111 000 Physiotherapeuten in ca. 38 400 zugelassenen Praxen Leistungen für Patienten mit einer Heilmittelverordnung. Physiotherapeuten sind als Leistungserbringer entscheidende Weichensteller für eine qualitativ hochwertige Behandlung und Versorgung von Patienten. Bisher sind sie zur Einführung eines Qualitätsmanagement-Systems (QM-System) grundsätzlich nicht verpflichtet, wie dies im Gegensatz dazu für Krankenhäuser, Rehakliniken und Arztpraxen im Geltungsbereich der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung (GKV) verbindlich ist.

Ziel Mithilfe eines standardisierten Fragebogens wird ein quantitativer Überblick über den Verbreitungs- und Umsetzungsgrad sowie Wissensstand zum Qualitätsmanagement (QM) in Physiotherapiepraxen gegeben.

Methode Im Rahmen einer quantitativen Onlinebefragung wurden in Berlin, Hamburg, Köln und München rund 1000 Physiotherapiepraxen von August bis September 2017 konsekutiv anhand des amtlichen Telefonbuchs ausgewählt und angeschrieben.

Ergebnisse Die Rücklaufquote der Fragebögen betrug knapp 10 Prozent, d. h. es nahmen 93 Physiotherapiepraxen an der Befragung teil. Bisher haben 23 Praxen ein QM-System eingeführt. In Berlin ist deren Etablierung am weitesten verbreitet.

Schlussfolgerung Die Thematik QM im Gesundheitswesen wird weiter an Bedeutung gewinnen. Physiotherapiepraxen sind aufgrund zeitlicher, finanzieller und personeller Determinanten gefordert, ihren Wissensstand zu überprüfen und notwendige Veränderungsprozesse einzuleiten sowie konsequent umzusetzen.
Gold(III)/Sodium Diphenylphosphinobenzene-3-sulfonate (TPPMS) Catalyzed Dehydrative N-Benzylation of Electron-Deficient Anilines in Water
Authors: Hikawa Hidemasa , Matsumoto Mika , Tawara Sayoko , Kikkawa Shoko , Azumaya Isao
Published: April 2019

A strategy for the dehydrative N-benzylation of electron-deficient anilines in water has been developed. The gold(III)/sodium diphenylphosphinobenzene-3-sulfonate (TPPMS) catalyst is highly effective as a Lewis acid for the activation of alcohols and tolerates aerobic conditions. A Hammett study in the reaction of para-substituted benzhydryl alcohols shows negative σ values, indicating a build-up of cationic charge during the rate-determining sp3 C–O bond-cleavage step. The inverse kinetic solvent isotope effect (KSIE = 0.6) is consistent with a specific acid catalysis mechanism. This simple protocol can be performed under mild conditions in an atom-economic process without the need for base or other additives, furnishing the electron-deficient N-benzylic anilines in moderate to excellent yields along with water as a sole coproduct.
Stepwise robust distribution system state estimation considering PMU measurement
Authors: Kong Xiangyu , Chen Ying , Yong Chengsi , Ma Xiyuan , Kong Jing
Published: April 2019

In order to deal with the problem of robustness and computing speed of distribution system state estimation with the development of phasor technology, a stepwise distribution system state estimation with robust performance and considering real-time phasor measurement unit (PMU) measurements is proposed. The proposed method utilizes the absolute value of residuals to construct the weight function and uses the unit weight variance to standardize the residuals so that the residual precision can be unified on the same scale to improve robustness. Besides, the state estimation is divided into two steps. The first step makes use of supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) measurements and branch current phasors measured by PMU to perform the robust estimation, and due to the high sparsity of the Jacobian matrix, the computational efficiency can be ensured. The second step combines the estimation results of the first step with the voltage phasors measured by PMU to perform linear state estimation, which can update the result of the first step and realize the combination of SCADA and PMU measurements in the state estimation. Finally, the proposed method is verified by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standard systems.
Multistability in a physical memristor-based modified Chua’s circuit
Authors: Guo Mei , Yang Wenyan , Xue Youbao , Gao Zhenhao , Yuan Fang , Dou Gang , Li Yuxia
Published: April 2019

A physical Sr0.95Ba0.05TiO3 memristor-based modified Chua’s circuit is proposed, which is studied in this paper by means of both theoretical analysis and numerical simulations. The stability of this memristor-based modified Chua’s circuit is analyzed. A systematic investigation of the dynamic behaviors and their dependence on the initial states and circuit parameters is performed, presenting the Lyapunov exponents spectra, bifurcation diagrams, phase diagrams, and Poincaré maps. The circuit emerges multiple dynamic behaviors, including stable points, periodic cycles, chaos, and some transient chaos. Specifically, the system has multistability, i.e., coexisting periods and coexisting chaotic attractors with the change of initial states and circuit parameters. This study is conducive to the subsequent design and analysis of memristor-based circuits for potential practical applications.
Thermofield theory for finite-temperature quantum chemistry
Authors: Harsha Gaurav , Henderson Thomas M. , Scuseria Gustavo E.
Published: April 2019

Thermofield dynamics has proven to be a very useful theory in high-energy physics, particularly since it permits the treatment of both time- and temperature-dependence on an equal footing. We here show that it also has an excellent potential for studying thermal properties of electronic systems in physics and chemistry. We describe a general framework for constructing finite temperature correlated wave function methods typical of ground state methods. We then introduce two distinct approaches to the resulting imaginary time Schrödinger equation, which we refer to as fixed-reference and covariant methods. As an example, we derive the two corresponding versions of thermal configuration interaction theory and apply them to the Hubbard model, while comparing with exact benchmark results.
Development of a selectively liquid-blocking and vapor-passage microfilter based on polyurethane-aerogel microfibers
Authors: Lim Taekyung , Ju Sanghyun
Published: April 2019

In this study, we developed a liquid–vapor selective microfilter woven into a mesh using polyurethane (PU)–aerogel microfibers. The aerogel particles embedded on the surface of a PU microfiber provided liquid repellent properties, and the liquid–vapor selective microfilter allowed only vaporized chemical substances to pass through, while blocking liquid chemicals and water. An SnO2 nanowire transistor covered with the liquid–vapor selective microfilter was used as a chemical sensor to detect the concentration of chemical substances, such as nitric acid, benzene, and toluene, in water. The time-dependence response of the sensor depending on the type of chemical present in water showed reproducible response and recovery properties for multiple cycles.
Should I stay or should I go? Indirect effects of livestock on bird nest-site selection in arid environments
Authors: Tadey Mariana
Published: April 2019

Introduced livestock may indirectly affect bird species by decreasing vegetation structure and affecting the selection of nesting sites. This is especially true for birds that use shrubs as the raw material for nest construction or for nest placement. Nesting in inadequate supporting structures or the use of inadequate raw material for nest building may increase nest vulnerability (e.g. increasing structure weakness, falling and nest exposure to predation). Accordingly, bird species show a great variation in the selectivity of nesting sites and the raw material they use. Furnariidae family members exhibit an extraordinary diversity in nest placement and structure, which allows them to survive in different arid environments. I report here on a study of nest site selection of two common furnariid species, Leptasthenura aegithaloides and Pseudoseisura gutturalis, across a grazing gradient composed by nine independent paddocks within the same arid habitat. These species use large closed-nests (>40 cm long) built with thorny branches, placed on spiny shrubs. I measured nest abundance and supporting plants characteristics, vegetation structure, browsing intensity and compared the plants selected by the birds with the surrounding vegetation. These bird species used only few plant species for nest building and location. Livestock significantly reduced vegetation cover of the species used to build and place the nests, affecting nest site selection and reducing nest abundance. As livestock density increased, both species selected aggregated plants and the tallest plants for nesting, which may increase nest exposure. Therefore, livestock may indirectly affect nest-site selection of birds ultimately affecting their nesting ecology. This work illustrates how domestic livestock, through decreasing plant cover, may affect native biota with consequences on key species within an ecosystem.
The ellagitannin trimer rugosin G inhibits recombinant human histidine decarboxylase
Authors: Nitta Yoko , Ito Hideyuki , Komori Hirohumi , Ueno Hiroshi , Takeshima Daiki , Ito Mikiko , Sakaue Motoyoshi , Kikuzaki Hiroe
Published: April 2019

Rugosin G, an ellagitannin trimer, was isolated from the water-soluble fraction of red rose petals, and its inhibitory activity against recombinant human histidine decarboxylase was investigated. Rugosin G showed potent inhibition compared to ellagitannin monomers and a dimer with macrocyclic structure (oenothein B), suggesting the potent inhibition of rugosin G was attributed to its linear oligomeric conformation.

Abbreviations: HDC, histidine decarboxylase; Me2CO, acetone; EtOAc, ethyl acetate