bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
"Family policy": How do we define it?
Authors: Séraphin Gilles , St-Amour Nathalie
Published: July 2021

Research Framework : This article is part of a
broader reflection on the future of family policies, including their beneficiaries,
the change of levels responsible for their development and implementation, and the
delegitimization of intermediary bodies involved in this process.

Objectives : To better define the parameters of
family policies and to outline the elements of a frame of reference that could be
used to map the scope of this policy area in different countries.

Methodology : This article is based on the
contributions in this thematic issue, a review of the literature, and the research
expertise of the authors.

Results : The ideas presented in this article
focus on delimiting the scope of family policies by analyzing the beneficiaries, the
intervention fields, the founding principle(s) and the actors. Based on the cases of
France and Quebec, the authors present, in the form of questions, the criteria that
could make it possible to define how family policy is defined in a given region.

Conclusions : At international and often at
national levels, the scope of family policy still appears vague. In fact, it is
impossible to provide a single and shared definition, adapted to all the countries
where the term is used. Despite some commonalities, "family policy" remains
difficult to define.

Contribution : The authors confirm that family
policies cannot be understood without being considered in the context of the current
dynamic of the social state as a whole.
L’UNAF face à la diversification des
modèles familiaux
Authors: Debord Raymond
Published: July 2021

Cadre de la recherche : Notre étude porte
sur l’Union nationale des associations familiales (UNAF), une institution
française qui a pour particularité d’avoir été créée par le législateur pour
structurer le mouvement familial et représenter officiellement les familles
auprès des pouvoirs publics, à tous les niveaux.

Objectifs : L’article entreprend
d’analyser l’émergence de l’idéologie familialiste et sa structuration dans un
appareil dédié. Il étudie la manière dont la diversification des modèles
familiaux a été prise en compte par le législateur et a été incorporée par
l’UNAF, même si elle heurtait ses convictions.

Méthodologie : Notre travail s’appuie sur
une analyse de travaux historiques, démographiques, juridiques sur la famille et
le mouvement familial, ainsi que de documents de l’UNAF et des organisations qui
la composent. Il s’appuie enfin sur 15 entretiens avec des acteurs du mouvement
familial et des responsables des principales fédérations d’associations
familiales.

Résultats : L’UNAF et les associations
qui la composent se sont adaptées et l’idéologie familialiste a été capable
d’une grande résilience. À chaque étape, malgré les difficultés, les
protagonistes ont su passer des compromis permettant d’intégrer les évolutions
tout en maintenant et en développant le rôle du mouvement familial. L’émergence
de la thématique de la « parentalité » a donné l’occasion de développer de
nouvelles activités et services.

Conclusions : Les frictions autour de
l’ouverture du mariage aux couples de même sexe se sont résorbées, certaines des
associations familiales les plus conservatrices opérant un spectaculaire
recentrage.

Contribution : À l’heure de
l’individualisation croissante des droits et alors que les pouvoirs publics ont
abandonné toute référence familialiste, un nouveau paradigme n’est-il pas en
train de se dessiner, dans lequel l’existence d’un « corps familial » fait de
moins en moins sens ?
Relations familiales et non-binarité : parcours de vie de
jeunes adultes non binaires au Québec
Authors: Doucet Sophie , Chamberland Line
Published: July 2021

Cadre de recherche : En se basant sur le
parcours de vie de jeunes adultes ayant une orientation sexuelle ou une identité
de genre non binaire, cet article fait appel aux notions de l’intelligibilité et
de la famille choisie dans une perspective queer afin d’analyser les relations
familiales de ces individus ayant des identités encore largement incomprises
socialement.

Objectifs : Cette recherche cherche
ainsi à explorer la construction de familles choisies chez les jeunes adultes
non binaires ayant de bonnes relations ou non avec leur famille d’origine ; à
analyser les relations qu’ils entretiennent avec leur famille d’origine et leur
famille choisie ; et examiner l’impact de l’(in)compréhension de la famille
d’origine sur la formation d’une famille choisie.

Méthodologie : Deux entrevues
semi-dirigées basées sur la théorie du parcours de vie ont été réalisées auprès
de 10 jeunes adultes s’auto-identifiant comme non binaire, ayant entre 18 et 30
ans et habitant la région de Montréal.

Résultats : Cette étude nous permet de
constater que peu importe si leur relation est perçue comme étant bonne ou
mauvaise avec leur famille d’origine, les jeunes adultes non binaires vont avoir
tendance à se former une famille choisie qui comprendra et acceptera pleinement
leur identité, contrairement à leur famille d’origine.

Conclusions : L’incompréhension de la
non-binarité dans notre société affecte les relations des jeunes adultes non
binaires avec leur famille d’origine et influence leur décision de se créer une
famille choisie.

Contribution : Cet article permet de
pallier certaines lacunes de la littérature scientifique sur les relations
familiales des personnes de la diversité sexuelle et de genre. En effet, très
peu d’articles s’intéressent spécifiquement aux personnes non binaires.
Retraite du milieu agricole : enjeux
individuels, familiaux et sociaux
Authors: Marcoux Lyson , Hébert Maxime
Published: July 2021

Cadre de la recherche : L’agriculture
québécoise est encore caractérisée par des exploitations agricoles de type
familial qui se transfère habituellement de génération en génération.
Considérant que le mode de vie agricole québécois imbrique généralement les
sphères « individuelle », « familiale » et « entrepreneuriale », que plusieurs
agriculteurs sont appelés à céder leur entreprise dans les toutes prochaines
années et que cette transition soulève de multiples questions et défis, les
facteurs influençant l’adaptation à cette nouvelle réalité méritent d’être
étudiés sous un angle psychologique reliant l’approche systémique.

Objectifs : Le but de cette étude est de
mieux connaître le vécu actuel des agriculteurs en regard de la cession de leur
entreprise à leurs enfants ou à un tiers.

Méthodologie : Neuf entrevues
semi-structurées ont été réalisées auprès d’agriculteurs (6 hommes et 3 femmes;
M = 59 ans), s’étant retirés de leur entreprise (entre 1 mois et 10 ans).

Résultats : Cette étude jette un
éclairage sur les enjeux et défis inhérents au milieu agricole pendant la vie
active et après la cession de l’entreprise. La résilience ressort chez tous les
participants. Ces derniers demeurent généralement actifs professionnellement, ce
qui ne cadre pas avec les modèles traditionnels de la retraite.

Conclusions : Considérant que la
majorité des retraités de l’échantillon continuent de s’impliquer pendant et
après le transfert de leur entreprise, les raisons qui les motivent ainsi que
les enjeux psychologiques et familiaux qui en découlent méritent d’être
approfondies.

Contribution : Cette étude trace un
portrait psychologique québécois de cette transition. Considérant l’importance
relatée par les participants de demeurer actifs et engagés socialement, des
innovations sociales sont suggérées afin de favoriser l’adaptation à la retraite
des agriculteurs qui ne peuvent continuer à œuvrer dans le domaine.
Soutien et non soutien parental des
jeunes trans : vers une compréhension nuancée des formes de soutien et des
attentes des jeunes trans
Authors: Pullen Sansfaçon Annie , Gelly Morgane A. , Faddoul Maxime , Lee Edward Ou Jin
Published: July 2021

Cadre de la recherche : Cet article
porte sur les différents niveaux de soutien parental dont bénéficient (ou ne
bénéficient pas) les jeunes trans.

Objectifs : Le
présent article vise à définir ce qu’est le soutien parental du point de vue des
jeunes trans, et à montrer comment celui-ci affecte leur bien-être.

Méthodologie : L’article s’appuie sur une recherche
qualitative pour laquelle des entrevues semi-dirigées ont été menées auprès de
54 jeunes trans âgé(e)s entre 15 et 25 ans et résidant au Québec. Le processus
de collecte et d’analyse des données a suivi une démarche de théorisation ancrée
et a été guidé par deux concepts sensibilisateurs : la reconnaissance (Honneth)
et l’intersectionnalité (Crenshaw).

Résultats :
Notre recherche permet de dégager trois niveaux de soutien : soutien fort,
neutralité négative et non-soutien ou rejet. Ces formes de soutien parental
peuvent être inconditionnelles ou conditionnelles à ce que la jeune personne se
conforme à certaines normes données. Un soutien fort qui encourage l’expression
de genre favorise le bien-être des jeunes et fortifie la relation avec leurs
parents. Au contraire, le non-soutien ou rejet parental affecte le bien-être des
jeunes, peut les exposer à des situations plus précaires ou les conduire à
chercher d’autres formes de soutien. Par ailleurs, un soutien partiel ou la
neutralité négative semblent aussi affecter négativement le bien-être et
l’estime de soi le la jeune personne.

Conclusion :
Notre article démontre que, pour favoriser le bien-être des jeunes,
l’acceptation parentale doit s’accompagner de gestes concrets qui permettent et
encouragent clairement l’expression de genre des jeunes trans. Il serait
valable, selon nous, d’informer et d’accompagner les parents dans le processus
d’acceptation de leur enfant.

Contribution : Cet
article permet de pallier un manque de données qualitatives sur le soutien
parental et ses effets sur les jeunes trans, depuis la perspective des jeunes
personnes elles-mêmes. Notre étude permet d’établir avec plus de finesse comment
le soutien parental ou son absence s’inscrivent dans des trajectoires de vie et
affectent le bien-être des jeunes trans.
Mémoire, vérité et archive dans La petite danseuse de quatorze ans de Camille Laurens
Authors: Riendeau Pascal
Published: July 2021

Cet article étudie la représentation de la mémoire, de la vérité et de l’archive dans La petite danseuse de quatorze ans (2017) de Camille Laurens, qui retrace la vie d’une adolescente à la fois inconnue et extrêmement célèbre, Marie Van Goethem, qui fut le modèle de Degas pour sa sculpture éponyme. L’oeuvre de Laurens, qui oscille entre l’essai et le récit biographique, contient une grande portée véritative et offre une exploration complexe de la mémoire. La mise en valeur de l’archive permet à Laurens de plonger dans ses propres souvenirs et d’interroger sa mémoire familiale afin de doter Marie Van Goethem d’un passé. À partir de la notion de « travail de mémoire » de Paul Ricoeur (La mémoire, l’histoire, l’oubli), cet article montre comment la démarche esth/éthique (Paul Audi, Créer) de Laurens se traduit notamment par un renversement de la perspective du rapport de l’artiste à son modèle, et par une valorisation du modèle qui redéfinit le rôle de la sculpture de Degas dans l’histoire de l’art.
Digital Learning Across Boundaries: Immersive technologies supporting changemaking in an international context
Authors: Whewell Emma , Caldwell Helen , Malloch Grant , Garrett Beth
Published: July 2021

The Digital Learning Across Boundaries: Developing Changemakers (DLAB) project uses immersive technologies in education to explore three challenges across three years: physical, personal and environmental. This paper focuses on the first of these, bringing together the themes of digital making and changemaking to cross physical boundaries by raising awareness about physical inactivity in 11 and 12 year old school pupils. Immersive technologies such as augmented and virtual reality enabled the development of empathy and intercultural understanding among participants, fostered an understanding of changemaking, and created environments for sharing prototype exergames. Research data is analysed to seek evidence of the development of changemaker attributes and impact within a sample group of 60 English school pupils.
Using concept maps to structure a small-scale literature review: an approach to research-based learning in pre-service teacher education
Authors: Marín Victoria I.
Published: July 2021

Research-based learning (RBL) is a useful tool for combining theory and practice in teacher education. However, pre-service teachers struggle with the idea of teacher as researcher. One popular (meta)methodology considered in educational research (and that is well suited to school research) is design-based research (DBR). Incorporating this approach into RBL as a method for developing teaching innovation in schools could be one way to include RBL in teacher education and place pre-service teachers in the position of teacher as researcher. This study explores the potential of using digital concept maps to support the conceptualization phase (during the literature review) of an RBL process based on DBR in a pre-service teacher-education course prior to the design of a teaching innovation strategy for schools. Quantitative and qualitative data were obtained from a questionnaire administered to pre-service teachers and from the semantic evaluation of the concept maps of these teachers. Our results show an overall consensus among pre-service teachers that concept maps are useful for structuring small-scale literature reviews. Pre-service teachers also believe there is a strong possibility that they will use concept maps when they become teachers. We use our findings to make recommendations for university lecturers to use digital concept maps to design RBL activities based on literature reviews and with emphasis on teacher education.
The Effect of Classifying Vocabulary into EFL Student’s Reading Comprehension
Authors: Contreras-Jordán Rosa Marianella , Ramírez-Ávila María Rossana
Published: July 2021

This study examined the effect of classifying vocabulary into parts of speech using Google Drive sheets in order to improve reading comprehension. Participants were 20 EFL stu- dents at a public university in Ecuador whose proficiency level in English was A1 and who were having problems understanding short passages in English. For this action research study, we used quantitative data gathered from pre- and post-surveys, quizzes, and pre- and post-tests. Results from the pre- and post-tests showed that the students improved their word recognition skills by 17% , which enhanced their reading comprehension by 14%. This was corroborated by the p-value =0.000, which shows that the results were due to classifying parts of speech. Additionally, Cohen’s d = 1.02 in the vocabulary section indicates a large impact on learning. However, there was a small effect size (Cohen’s d= 0.39) in reading comprehension. Six quizzes were administered and three of them were compared. These demonstrated a steady improvement in students’ meaning recall and word usage. The results of the survey indicate that the students changed their perspective of learn- ing vocabulary positively after the intervention. The implications of this study can be extended to other EFL teachers in higher education institutions who would like to improve their students’ read- ing comprehension. Future research should evaluate other parts of speech. We also recommend replicating this study with students who have a higher proficiency level in English.
GLOBAL MATRIX OF REGIONAL GROWTH IN THE FUNCTION OF THE ANALYSIS OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND INTERREGIONAL RELATIONS
Authors: Stanić Stanko , Račić Željko
Published: July 2021

The subject of research in this paper is the expansion of the growth matrix, which is reflected in the definition of a new matrix - a global regional growth matrix. The assumption for the formation of this matrix is that the synthetic measures of the development of individual regions included in the analysis are first calculated. This matrix provides an opportunity to analyze interregional relations and the dynamics of structural change in the respective regions.
The Workforce and its Costs – Constraints of Agricultural Development in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Vaško Željko , Ivanković Marko
Published: July 2021

The subject of the research was workforce, its availability and price, and its importance for agriculture development in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). The aim was to determine whether the workforce remains to be a comparative advantage or has become a limitation on agricultural development in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The introduction to the selected subject of research was done on the basis of a literature review, followed by an authors’ own survey based on a randomly selected sample of farms. The results confirmed that it is increasingly difficult to find workers for seasonal works in agriculture in Bosnia and Herzegovina and that farms rely primarily on the workforce within families, relatives and friends. The price of labour in agriculture is rising, but it is still lower than in other sectors and abroad, which is the reason why workers are leaving agriculture. Bosnia and Herzegovina compared to three years ago, it is harder for Bosnia and Herzegovina farms to find additional workforce and they pay it more. The future agricultural policy in Bosnia and Herzegovina should seriously count on family farms and their modernization in terms of creating conditions for workforce reduction and substitution.
Analysis of competency among women in irrigation farming in the North West province, South Africa: A Borich needs model approach
Authors: Jonathan Ijatuyi Enioluwa , Idowu Oladele Oladimeji , Tshwene Christopher
Published: July 2021

The study determined the competence needs of women farmers in irrigation farming through the application of the Borich needs assessment model. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 83 respondents using a structured face validated questionnaire containing the list of 23 farming activities developed from the operations and activities on the existing field. The farming activities were divided into three categories, namely, Pre- and Post-Planting, Irrigation, and Marketing. Competency needs were analysed and ranked using mean weighed discrepancy score. The results indicated low levels of competence in all 23 tasks which implied that there is a need for prioritized training for women in irrigation farming in the study area. The provincial department of agriculture can use these findings as a basis of training programmes for women involved in irrigation farming.
The Teacher Shortage in the United States
Authors: Bryner Lindsay
Published: July 2021

A major teacher shortage exists in the United States. As teachers leave the classroom in droves, administrators are forced to hire unlicensed educators in order to fill vacant positions. Teachers have decided to change professions due to a lack of competitive salaries, fear of personal
safety, and a lack of support from education stakeholders. Through the use of research in academic journals and articles as well as personal anecdotes, I attempt to prove that teachers are not being treated fairly, and if the right changes are made then the teacher retention rate can be improved.
The Basics of Continuous Learning Pedagogy
Authors: Määttä Kaarina , Köngäs Mirja
Published: July 2021

This article describes and analyses a model of continuous learning pedagogy (CLP). Profound, ongoing societal change reflect our time and place new demands on work skills. The necessity to update skills challenges employers, employees, and ultimately the entire education system. Future
pedagogical planning needs to consider:1) the goals and methods of the learning process from the adult student’s perspective;2) the learning opportunities offered by the environment based on technology and distance learning;3) the teacher’s caring, expertise-based role
and ability to appreciate students’ emphasizing;4) shared leadership, working life skills, and teamwork; and5) interprofessionalism, national and international networks.
Non-canonical H3K79me2-dependent pathways promote the survival of MLL-rearranged leukemia
Authors: Richter William F , Shah Rohan N , Ruthenburg Alexander J
Published: July 2021

MLL-rearranged leukemia depends on H3K79 methylation. Depletion of this transcriptionally activating mark by DOT1L deletion or high concentrations of the inhibitor pinometostat downregulates HOXA9 and MEIS1, and consequently reduces leukemia survival. Yet, some MLL-rearranged leukemias are inexplicably susceptible to low-dose pinometostat, far below concentrations that downregulate this canonical proliferation pathway. In this context, we define alternative proliferation pathways that more directly derive from H3K79me2 loss. By ICeChIP-seq, H3K79me2 is markedly depleted at pinometostat-downregulated and MLL-fusion targets, with paradoxical increases of H3K4me3 and loss of H3K27me3. Although downregulation of polycomb components accounts for some of the proliferation defect, transcriptional downregulation of FLT3 is the major pathway. Loss-of-FLT3-function recapitulates the cytotoxicity and gene expression consequences of low-dose pinometostat, whereas overexpression of constitutively active STAT5A, a target of FLT3-ITD-signaling, largely rescues these defects. This pathway also depends on MLL1, indicating combinations of DOT1L, MLL1 and FLT3 inhibitors should be explored for treating FLT3-mutant leukemia.
Functional interdependence of the actin nucleator Cobl and Cobl-like in dendritic arbor development
Authors: Izadi Maryam , Seemann Eric , Schlobinski Dirk , Schwintzer Lukas , Qualmann Britta , Kessels Michael M
Published: July 2021

Local actin filament formation is indispensable for development of the dendritic arbor of neurons. We show that, surprisingly, the action of single actin filament-promoting factors was insufficient for powering dendritogenesis. Instead, this required the actin nucleator Cobl and its only evolutionary distant ancestor Cobl-like acting interdependently. This coordination between Cobl-like and Cobl was achieved by physical linkage by syndapins. Syndapin I formed nanodomains at convex plasma membrane areas at the base of protrusive structures and interacted with three motifs in Cobl-like, one of which was Ca2+/calmodulin-regulated. Consistently, syndapin I, Cobl-like’s newly identified N terminal calmodulin-binding site and the single Ca2+/calmodulin-responsive syndapin-binding motif all were critical for Cobl-like’s functions. In dendritic arbor development, local Ca2+/CaM-controlled actin dynamics thus relies on regulated and physically coordinated interactions of different F-actin formation-promoting factors and only together they have the power to bring about the sophisticated neuronal morphologies required for neuronal network formation in mammals.
Functional development of a V3/glycan-specific broadly neutralizing antibody isolated from a case of HIV superinfection
Authors: Shipley Mackenzie M , Mangala Prasad Vidya , Doepker Laura E , Dingens Adam , Ralph Duncan K , Harkins Elias , Dhar Amrit , Arenz Dana , Chohan Vrasha , Weight Haidyn , Mandaliya Kishor , Bloom Jesse D , Matsen Frederick A , Lee Kelly K , Overbaugh Julie M
Published: July 2021

Stimulating broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) directly from germline remains a barrier for HIV vaccines. HIV superinfection elicits bnAbs more frequently than single infection, providing clues of how to elicit such responses. We used longitudinal antibody sequencing and structural studies to characterize bnAb development from a superinfection case. BnAb QA013.2 bound initial and superinfecting viral Env, despite its probable naive progenitor only recognizing the superinfecting strain, suggesting both viruses influenced this lineage. A 4.15 Å cryo-EM structure of QA013.2 bound to native-like trimer showed recognition of V3 signatures (N301/N332 and GDIR). QA013.2 relies less on CDRH3 and more on framework and CDRH1 for affinity and breadth compared to other V3/glycan-specific bnAbs. Antigenic profiling revealed that viral escape was achieved by changes in the structurally-defined epitope and by mutations in V1. These results highlight shared and novel properties of QA013.2 relative to other V3/glycan-specific bnAbs in the setting of sequential, diverse antigens.
Utilization of soil residual phosphorus and internal reuse of phosphorus by crops
Authors: Yang Mei , Yang Huimin
Published: July 2021

Phosphorus (P) participates in various assimilatory and metabolic processes in plants. Agricultural systems are facing P deficiency in many areas worldwide, while global P demand is increasing. Pioneering efforts have made us better understand the more complete use of residual P in soils and the link connecting plant P resorption to soil P deficiency, which will help to address the challenging issue of P deficiency. We summarized the state of soil “residual P” and the mechanisms of utilizing this P pool, the possible effects of planting and tillage patterns, various fertilization management practices and phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms on the release of soil residual P and the link connecting leaf P resorption to soil P deficiency and the regulatory mechanisms of leaf P resorption. The utilization of soil residual P represents a great challenge and a good chance to manage P well in agricultural systems. In production practices, the combination of “optimal fertilization and agronomic measures” can be adopted to utilize residual P in soils. Some agricultural practices, such as reduced or no tillage, crop rotation, stubble retention and utilization of biofertilizers-phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms should greatly improve the conversion of various P forms in the soil due to changes in the balance of individual nutrients in the soil or due to improvements in the phosphatase profile and activity in the soil. Leaf P resorption makes the plant less dependent on soil P availability, which can promote the use efficiency of plant P and enhance the adaptability to P-deficient environments. This idea provides new options for helping to ameliorate the global P dilemma.
Single molecule, full-length transcript sequencing provides insight into the TPS gene family in Paeonia ostii
Authors: Sun Jing , Chen Tian , Tao Jun
Published: July 2021

Background

The tree peony (Paeonia section Moutan DC), one of the traditional famous flowers with both ornamental and medicinal value, was widely used in China. Surprisingly little is known about the full-length transcriptome sequencing in tree peony, limiting the research on its gene function and molecular mechanism. The trehalose phosphate phosphatase (TPS) family genes has been found to affect plant growth and development and the function of TPS genes in Paeonia ostii is unknown.

Methods

In our study, we performed single molecule, full-length transcript sequencing in P. ostii. 10 TPS family members were identified from PacBio sequencing for bioinformatics analysis and transcriptional expression analysis.

Results

A total of 230,736 reads of insert (ROI) sequences and 114,215 full-Length non-chimeric reads (FLNC) were obtained for further ORFs and transcription factors prediction, SSR analysis and lncRNA identification. NR, Swissprot, GO, COG, KOG, Pfam and KEGG databases were used to obtain annotation information of transcripts. 10 TPS family members were identified with molecular weights between 48.0 to 108.5 kD and isoelectric point between 5.61 to 6.37. Furthermore, we found that TPS family members contain conserved TPP or TPS domain. Based on phylogenetic tree analysis, PoTPS1 protein was highly similar to AtTPS1 protein in Arabidopsis. Finally, we analyzed the expression levels of all TPS genes in P. ostii and found PoTPS5 expressed at the highest level. In conclusion, this study combined the results of the transcriptome to systematically analyze the 10 TPS family members, and sets a framework for further research of this important gene family in development of tree peony.
International Collaboration in the Field of Educational Research: A Delphi Study
Authors: Bond Melissa , Marín Victoria I. , Bedenlier Svenja
Published: July 2021

(International) research collaboration (IRC) is considered one of the most important aspects of academic careers and, although it is often linked to co-authorship, investigations of academic perceptions and practices are rare. Reflections on factors affecting IRC, as well as effective technology for use in IRC are also now particularly vital, due to the outbreak of COVID-19. The aim of this three-round Delphi study, conducted prior to the pandemic, was to explore why and how academics conduct IRC in the field of Education. The results indicate that the benefits of IRC are more relevant than the barriers, and that networking with and learning from others are two of the most important reasons for conducting IRC. Four stages of IRC were identified, alongside a range of influencing factors, which could inform future project management training. Suggestions for institutional IRC policy are provided, as well as considerations for early career researchers.
College Adaptation Among Colombian Freshmen Students: Internal Structure of the Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire (SACQ)
Authors: Gravini Donado Marbel Lucia , Mercado-Peñaloza Mabel , Dominguez-Lara Sergio
Published: July 2021

The aim of this research is to assess the internal structure and reliability of the Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire (SACQ) in a sample comprising 739 students (64% of them women), attending second-half classes at a private university in the Caribbean Region of Colombia. The SACQ is a 67-item self-report that evaluates four aspects related to university adjustment namely, the academic, institutional, social, and personal-emotional areas. To fulfill its goals, different measurement models were assessed through various confirmatory factor analyses, and the results indicate that the Peruvian model (four dimensions, 27 items) has the best statistical adjustment, presenting evidence in support of its internal structure. Similarly, high reliability indicators were obtained, both with regard to the construct and scoring. In conclusion, the SACQ’s psychometric properties are satisfactory as regards its internal structure (tetra-factorial model) and reliability, enabling its use to evaluate adjustment to college life.
Exploratory Study on Video Game Addiction of College Students in a Pandemic Scenario
Authors: Gómez-Galán José , Lázaro-Pérez Cristina , Martínez-López José Ángel
Published: July 2021

The use of video games has increased significantly in the last decade. The young population has always been more inclined to use them. However, the risks of addiction to them are growing with the access to the Internet and new digital devices, the lower cost of them, and the lack of parental control. On the other hand, a weird circumstance as the COVID-19 pandemic involves weeks-long confinements, which may significantly influence increased consumption. This study aims to know university students’ situation in Spain regarding the problem described in this pandemic scenario. It analyzes the use of video games and whether addiction risks appearance, examining which factors are determinants of this behavior. The method is based on various statistical techniques: descriptive analysis, the association between variables, and logistic regression to check the phenomenon studied, which are predictive variables. As a result, high video game consumption during confinement was got, finding addiction patterns in 16.6%. The excessive use of social networks and being male show significant relevance. These results also show the existence of comorbidity, meaning that university students may suffer from psychological and psychiatric disorders linked to other consumptions. Health and academic authorities should consider this individual, social, and health problem and implement prevention, detection, and treatment programs.
Vitamin D Binding Protein: A Fidelity Molecule in Spectra of Diseases
Authors: Yadav Bhuneshwar , Shashidhar Kurpad Nagraj , Reddy Harish , Deepika R Sai
Published: July 2021

Vitamin D Binding Protein (VDBP), also well-known as Gc-globulin, is a plasma protein which acts as a carrier molecule for vitamin D and its metabolites. This multifunctional glycoprotein is a member of the albumin superfamily of binding proteins. It is predominantly synthesized as a single long chain glycoprotein in the liver. VDBP helps in vitamin D metabolites transport, control bone development, binds actin monomers and fatty acids and prevents their polymerization; which might be harmful in circulatory system. A less defined role in modulating immune and inflammatory response is also known. VDBP plays an important role in protection of microcirculation, inflammation, infection and also known to have antiviral and antitumoral activity. Recent studies documented its use as a early marker for diagnosis of chronic kidney disease. This review discusses the multifunctional characters of VDBP in spectra of diseases with emphasis on its use as marker for diabetic nephropathy.
Cardiac Troponins: Analytical Characteristics and Diagnostic Capabilities of Modern (High-sensitive) Determination Methods
Authors: Chaulin Aleksey Michailovich , Dmitry Duplyakov V
Published: July 2021

Cardiovascular diseases have a leading role in terms of morbidity, mortality, and disability of the population, causing significant socio-economic damage to all countries of the world. This circumstance requires researchers to constantly seek for new biomarkers and improve methods for determining existing biomarkers, and search for new therapeutic targets to improve diagnostic and treatment strategies. Recently, there have been some important changes in laboratory diagnostics of patients with acute coronary syndrome, due to the introduction into the routine practice of new high and ultrasensitive methods for the determination of biomarkers of injury, specific to cardiac muscle tissue, namely cardiac troponins. A key advantage of highly sensitive immunochemical assays is the ability to detect cardiac troponins in the early stages of myocardial infarction. This allows making the optimal decision on the early choice and conduct of reperfusion therapy, which significantly improves the further prognosis of patients. Among the most significant generally recognised disadvantages of highly sensitive determination methods are low specificity and a huge variety of troponin immunoassays. The decrease in specificity is reflected in the fact that cardiac troponins are no longer considered the “gold standard” of diagnosis related to Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) (irreversible ischaemic damage to cardiomyocytes). As a result, any damage to the myocardium, even insignificant and reversible under physiological state (physical activity, stress) and several pathological conditions, can lead to an increase in serum levels of cardiac troponins and affect the accuracy of the diagnosis. Each method for the determination of cardiac troponins, among the existing wide variety of troponin immunoassays, possesses different analytical characteristics, and detects different concentrations of troponins in the same patient. This article provides a view of current data on the biology of cardiac troponins, and defines the analytical characteristics of new high-sensitive methods for the determination of cardiac troponins.
A PROSPECTIVE, OBSERVATIONAL STUDY ON THE EFFICACY OF DRUG REGIMEN USED FOR HELICOBACTER PYLORI ERADICATION IN PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE
Authors: . Abdullah , Pamukuntla Mounika
Published: July 2021

Aim of the study: We aimed to study the efficacy of triple drug therapy which is considered as a standard regimen. Objective of the study: To observe the role of pharmacist in preventing the recurrence of H. pylori infection. To assess whether the drug regimen prescribed eradicates the H. pylori infection. Results: In a period of 6 months a total of 358 cases were observed. Among them 142 cases are rapid urease test +ve and 216 are rapid urease test – ve cases. Of 142 patients included in the analysis, Peptic ulcer disease was more common in men when compared to women and prevalent in age group of 51-60 years. The body mass index analysis showed that 35.2% of patients were obese. From the personal history of the patients, it was concluded that 32.3% were smokers whereas 31.6% were alcoholic. The medication history analysis showed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were commonly used by the patients. The diagnostic endoscopic reports show that patients suffer from erosive pan gastritis followed by erosive gastritis. Conclusion: A 14-day triple therapy was found to be completely eradicate H. pylori infection. Out of the various demographic details that were taken into consideration age, gender, BMI, smokers, alcoholics, spicy food intake and drug abuse increased symptoms whereas co-morbid illness, sleeping pattern and food interval didn’t affect much. Structured patient counselling and follow up had a significant effect which was seen in the form of zero recurrence, 100% medication adherence and improved quality of life.
PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY OF HOLMSKIOLDIA SANGUINEA RETZ.: A REVIEW
Authors: Sati Rajeev , Bisht Monika
Published: July 2021

Holmskioldia sanguinea Retz. is a Sub-Himalayan plant that has been cultivated in the Americas, Europe, Indo-china, Asia-Pacific, and Southern Africa. It has been used traditionally to treat rheumatism and rheumatoid arthritis, dysentery, headaches, hypertension, boils, blain, ulcers, and gynaecological problems, as well as a blood purifying concoction. The botanical description of the plant, its phytochemical constituents, and its pharmacological activities are discussed, with an emphasis on antibacterial, antihepatotoxic, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, analgesic, central nervous system depressant, diuretic, oestrogenic, anti-implantation, and anticancer properties. Most pharmacological effects are a result of plant constituents such as alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins, flavonoids, glycosides and phenols, to name a few. Conventional wisdom should be confirmed through in vitro and in vivo studies, as well as clinical trials. Herb's anti-tumor and anti-cancer properties have generated significant interest.
A REVIEW ON ENZYME INHIBITORS
Authors: Patadiya Nikunj , Panchal Nikita , Vaghela Vipul
Published: July 2021

Enzymes play very important role in living organism as biocatalyst. They play vital role like secretion, metabolism, digestion, DNA functions, reproduction, conversation of molecules and many other functions of body. By inhibiting specific enzymes, we can cure numerous pathological conditions in humans like inhibiting HMG CoA reductase, we can decrease cholesterol synthesis which is very useful in atherosclerosis and also use for heart diseases. ACE inhibitors can reduce concentration of Angiotensin II and use to reduce blood pressure. Many of them use as pesticides and herbicides in agriculture field. The history says enzyme inhibitors are use as arrow poison and use to kill animals by developing paralysis in them. Using a digital technology scientist identified number of enzymes and their functions as well as their 3D structure. We can easily design their inhibitors and use as medicine to treat pathological conditions. So, enzyme inhibitors became first choice for medicinal chemist and scientist as a target and play extremely important role in future as medicinal compounds and became a safe option compared to other available options.
Diversity Analysis in Biofortified Inbred Lines of Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Jaiswal Priyanka , Banshidhar . , Banshidhar . , Jakhar Dan Singh , Singh Rajesh
Published: July 2021

Thirty biofortified inbred lines of maize were evaluated for 11 parameters to study the genetic diversity by using D2 statistics during kharif 2017in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications at Agricultural Research farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, BHU Varanasi. In present investigation all genotypes were grouped into ten cluster. Among the different clusters of inbred lines, the cluster II with 8 inbreds emerged as the largest cluster. The intra cluster D2 value ranged from 10.82 to 44.89. The maximum intra cluster distance was observed for cluster X (D2 = 44.89). The maximum inter cluster distance was observed between cluster V and VI (D2 = 180.90) followed by cluster V and VII (D2 = 166.10), cluster IV and V (D2 = 155.60), cluster V and VIII (D2 = 135.02) and cluster I and VI (D2 = 127.66). The maximum contribution towards divergence was due to 100 seed weight (52.18%), thus, estimates of variation in seed weight could be used as a basis for selection of distantly related parents. Highest mean value for grain yield per plant (80.8) and Zn concentration (39.53) were observed in cluster IV, while the highest mean value for 100 seed weight was found in cluster V. Therefore, these clusters prove to be of prime importance for selection of parents in hybridization programme aimed at higher yield along with enhanced grain Zn concentration.
Analysis and Determination of Lead and Chromium in Commercially Purchased Vegetables (Carrots, Potatoes and Tomatoes)
Authors: Bungudu J. I. , Cheesley Christine
Published: July 2021

Excess trace metal contamination in vegetables is a growing concern globally. Plants can be contaminated by trace metals, and it is important to understand the degree of contamination and the inherent risk. Vegetables are a staple in human diets, thus knowing the level of concentration of these metals within the diet is increasingly important. This project is designed to assess levels of trace metals in vegetables using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) is an analytical technique that determines unknown concentrations of elements using absorption of light from the desired elements with the aid of the working calibration curve obtained from the series of standards. Tests were done on three different commonly vegetable available in the UK to identify whether levels of trace metals fall within safe levels for human consumption. The vegetables selected were carrots, potatoes, and tomatoes. The concentration within organic vegetables did not significantly differ from the non-organic ones, though the results show, in some cases higher concentration of chromium in the potato and carrot peel. This is worthy of note from a health and nutrition perspective especially for those people that have a deficiency of these trace metals in their body or conversely wanted to manage their intake. The mean concentrations of these metals are in decreasing order of >Pb>Cr in most vegetables but in some Cr>Pb. The good thing is that the concentrations of these metals in vegetables purchased in the UK all fall below the maximum limits set by WHO/FAO and are thus considered safe for human consumption.
A Split Mouth Study on Crestal Bone Architectural Changes by Flapped and Flapless Implant Surgical Procedures
Authors: Jain Preet , Kumar C. M. Ravi , Jain Meetu , Fulzele Punit , Porwal Amit , Gaikwad Rahul N.
Published: July 2021

Background: Rehabilitations by dental implants have often been utilized as an efficient procedure for restoring missing teeth. For implant placement two types of surgical methods are well documented. Conventional surgical approach involves raising a mucoperiosteal flap to gain access and see the underlying alveolar bone, instead there is this procedure which does not involve the reflection of the flap. Both the techniques are known to have their individual benefits and shortcomings. The present study was aimed to evaluate the longitudinal comparison and evaluation of hard tissue changes around endosseous implants placed using flapped as well as flapless surgical procedures in mandibular first molar region.

Materials and Methods: A total of 10 healthy patients with bilateral mandibular first molar were involved in the study and 20 endosseous implants were inserted (10 in each group). Radiographic assessment was done for deviations in the marginal bone levels on both mesial and distal side and their average value was calculated at 1 month, and 3 months. All these parameters were statistically analyzed using the paired Student t test, and two-way ANOVA test and were considered to be significant if the p value was ≤ 0.05.

Results: During the 3 months observation period, the change in crestal bone height around the implants placed by flapless and flap surgery were statistically significant. The flapless group showed less reduction in the crestal bone height compared to the flap group.

Conclusion: Both flap and the flapless techniques of endosseous implant placement had statistically significant effect on peri-implant bone loss over the 3 month period.
COVID-19 Pandemic’s Impact on Medication Dispensing and the use of Health Services in Makkah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Tulbah Alaa S.
Published: July 2021

Aims: March 2020, WHO revealed that COVID-19 was a pandemic. Coughing, sneezing, close contact with infected individuals speeds up the disease spread. Saudi Arabia's government and the Ministry of Health sought to spread social awareness of the importance of quarantine and restriction, but unprecedented challenges and obstacles emerged. Therefore, in this study, the effect of COVID-19 on the dispensing of medication and the use of health care services evaluated.

Study design: This survey, cross-sectional, was performed in Makkah city individuals.

Place and Duration of Study: This survey was run out in Makkah city, Saudi Arabia for seven days, starting from June 15, 2020, to June 22, 2020.

Methodology: Survey of 112 applicants (33 men, 79 women; age range 16-56+ years) had been performed to explore COVID-19 impact on medication dispensing and the use of health care services regarding sociodemographic data in Makkah city residents, Saudi Arabia.

Results: This study demonstrated that most of the survey respondents coped well with COVID-19 changes. A significant correlation was found between coping with COVID-19 changes and the age of participants (F(df) = 7.846 (4,107), P-value 0.006) and (F(df) = 4.025 (4,107), P-value 0.047), respectively. Of all the participants, 68.75% had been able to dispense a prescription medication during COVID-19 restrictions. Among them, 30.36, 21.43, and 16.96% dispensed a prescription once, twice, and more than three times, respectively. The data showed that 67.86% of the participants successfully purchased medication from a community pharmacy during COVID-19 restrictions. There was no change in medication availability or price, at about 61.61% and 76.79%, respectively. A significant correlation between medication availability-price (F(df) = 4.025(3,105), P-value 0.047) was found. During COVID-19 restrictions, 51.79% of the respondents were able to access health care services such as hospitals that provide health checking, or substance use for disease treatment. Interestingly, 25% of the participants had the same accessibility to health care services.

Conclusion: This research revealed that through the COVID-19 pandemic, the dispensing, availability, and price changes of medication and the use of health care services were running in a good manner. This would show that although there were restrictions due to COVID-19, access to medication or health care services was running smoothly.