bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Constructing a system of integrated management of aviation safety as a key element of airport service quality
Authors: Valko Alla , Soloviova Olena , Volkovska Ganna , Herasymenko Iryna
Published: September 2021

The scientific-practical basis of the quality of passenger and clientele service at the airport were studied. This was prompted by the need to determine the role of aviation safety (AS) and its impact on the quality and competitiveness of airport services. It was proved that within the framework of the system, quality monitoring is performed in the areas of the service of aviation safety (SAS). As a result of research, a quantitative assessment of the level of aviation safety of the airport, which is the basis for making a relevant management decision in the analysis subsystems, was determined. Management , in this case, implies the system of measures to improve the activities of the SAS.
A procedure for assessing the quality of airport services, which reveals the essence of aviation safety in the system of airport quality management , was devised. The sequence of assessment of the system of aviation safety, reflecting the cost approach, the application of which involves determining the reserves for ensuring aviation safety in the continuous implementation of the quality management system, was proposed.
The share of costs of aviation safety (AS) was determined on the example of three airports by economic elements (the model of criteria for choosing a subject) to determine the cost of ensuring an adequate level of aviation safety.
It was proposed to introduce a comprehensive indicator of the quality of aviation safety for its functional components, which further makes up the integrated indicator of the quality of provided services. As a result of calculations, the amount of payment for aviation safety using adjustment coefficients to counteract the threat of a possible act of unlawful interference (AUI) will increase. This enables an aircraft company to form timely a reserve to prevent or eliminate the consequences of the AUI by including the aviation safety fee in the total cost of air transport services.
Development of sedimentation resistant water-acrylic titanium dioxide dispersions
Authors: Dyuryagina Antonina , Lutsenko Aida
Published: September 2021

According to the results of the research, the effect of stabilization of dispersions of titanium dioxide in water-acrylic compositions was established. It was proved that in aqueous-acrylic suspensions at all variations of film-forming agent (from 0 to 5 g/dm3), the maximum of stabilizing activity of the surfactants under study is achieved at CSAS=0.25 g/dm3. The minimum deposition rate of titanium dioxide dispersions at a dosing of 0.25 g/dm3 of sodium polyacrylate was at the level of 0.097 10-3 g/s at any content of film-forming agent (Cff=0.5÷5 g/dm3) in suspensions. At the introduction of the same concentration (CSAS=0.25 g/dm3) of the polyether siloxane copolymer, a decrease in sedimentation rate to 0.053 10-3 g/s in suspensions with a limited acryl content (C≤1 g/dm3) was recorded. At an increase in the concentration of a film-forming agent (C>1 g/dm3) in suspensions, sedimentation stability decreased, which is proved by an increase in the sedimentation rate of TiO2 to 0.110∙10-3 g/s at Cff=5.0 g/dm3. It was found that in aqueous-acrylic suspensions with the film-forming content from 0.5 to 1 g/dm3, the minimum average diameter was 2.64÷3.1 μm CSAS=0.25 g/dm3. Further concentration of acryl (Cff=4÷5 g/dm3) at the same dosage of polyether siloxane copolymer was accompanied by an increase in the average particle size up to 4.30÷4.61 μm. The maximum of wedging activity of sodium polyacrylate (CSAS=0.25 g/dm3) corresponds to the same minimum of the average diameter (2–3 μm).
Methods and tools of formation of general indexes for automation of devices in rehabilitative medicine for post-stroke patients
Authors: Trunov Alexandr , Beglytsia Volodymyr , Gryshchenko Gennady , Ziuzin Viktor , Koshovyi Vitalii
Published: September 2021

The current processes of recovery of post-infarction and post-stroke patients in the context of the establishment of the institution of family doctors and insurance medicine are considered. It was proposed to introduce modules for automation of recovery devices (MARD) to ensure procedures, quality of life and reduce labor costs during the period of long-term recovery. The forms of presentation of the model of the integral indicator are substantiated, which, in accordance with the requirements of the Ministry of Health, assesses the generalized indicator of the patient's statement (GIPS), the quality of medical services and increases the efficiency of data compression. A consistent application of two Euclidean norms is proposed, which leads indicators of dissimilar physical nature to a limited metric space. The relationship between the lower and upper bounds of the GIPS, the error, the width of the sliding window, and the values of the derivatives was established on the basis of the Taylor series expansion, geometric inequality and limited space. The model for evaluating the GIPS as a lower bound and the method for generating information about its properties are substantiated.
A three-level comparator is applied and an vector- indicator (VI) is introduced as an informational addition to the time series. Additional capabilities for intelligent analysis are demonstrated. The model of GIPS through VI is presented. The examples of VI values are used to demonstrate its applicability to the intelligent analysis of the recovery process. Openness, accessibility, transparency of GIPS and VI as tools of KIT is implemented by the princes of public administration (PA) by reducing it to quantitative control and comparison if there are quantitative and qualitative indicators in the list. VI, sliding windows, as PA and KIT tools in software (SW) for a diagnostic conclusion and correction of the course of procedures, are numerically investigated. It is demonstrated on examples of a numerical experiment with software how the combined application of the method for calculating the GIPS and VI effectively affects the compression ratio, increasing it to 60–75 %
Determiantion of energy characteristics of material destruction in the crushing chamber of the vibration crusher
Authors: Nazarenko Ivan , Mishchuk Yevhen , Mishchuk Dmitry , Ruchynskyi Mykola , Rogovskii Ivan , Mikhailova Liudmyla , Titova Liudmyla , Berezovyi Mykola , Shatrov Ruslan
Published: September 2021

The crushing equipment is characterized by a significant energy-consuming system during the crushing workflow. The current trend in the development of such processes puts forward requirements for the development of new or improvement of existing energy-saving equipment. The essence of the solution to the problem in this work is determined by using resonant modes, which are inherently the most effective. The practical implementation of the resonance mode has been achieved taking into account the conditions for the interaction of the resonant vibration crusher with the material at the stages of its destruction. The degree of the stress-strain state of the material is taken into account, which was a prerequisite for identifying the potential for the development of a vibration load. Composed equations of motion based on a substantiated discrete-continuous model of a vibration crusher and processing material. An approach is applied to determine the stepwise destruction of the material with the determination of the required degree of energy. This methodological approach made it possible to reveal the nature of the process of material destruction, where energy costs at the stages of crack formation, their development and final destruction are taken into account. It was revealed that the greatest energy consumption during the operation of crushers goes into the kinetic energy of the crushing plates and the potential energy of deformation of the springs. The proposed model is common for any design of a vibration machine and its operating modes. The stable resonance mode has made it possible to significantly reduce the energy consumption for the course of the technological process of material grinding. The results obtained are used to improve the calculation methods for vibratory jaw and cone crushers that implement the corresponding energy-saving stable zones of the working process.
Application of approach for development of hptlc identification and quantification methods for determination of phenolic compounds and terpenoids of several Thymus L. species
Authors: Khokhlova Kateryna , Vyshnevska Liliia , Zdoryk Oleksandr , Filatova Olga
Published: September 2021

The aim of this work was to improve the approaches for standardization of Thymus L. species by development of HPTLC identification of phenolic compounds (flavonoids and phenylpropanoids) and terpenoids (essential oils and triterpenoids) and quantitative determination of rosmarinic acid and flavonoids for six Thymus L. species of Ukraine flora, as well as determination of chromatographic profiles of Thymus L. species’ extracts obtained using different extraction methods.
Materials and methods. Objects were: samples of dry herb of Th.serpyllum, Th.vulgaris, Th.Marschallianus, Th.Pallasianus, Th.calcareus, and Th.moldavicus of Ukraine origin collected in 2019-2021 years or acquired commercially on Ukraine market. Instruments: CAMAG HPTLC Herbal System, visionCats 2.5. The analytical grade reagents were used. Reference substances were purchased from Extrasynthese, Sigma Aldrich. Chromatography was performed on HPTLC plates Si 60 F254, Merck according to the developed methods.
Results. A new approach for quality control of different Thymus L. species of Ukraine flora included the development of HPTLC methods for identification of main groups of bioactive substances of these species, such as flavonoids and phenylpropanoids, essential oils, triterpenoids; development of quantification method of rosmarinic acid and assay of total flavonoids, expressed as luteolin-7-O-glucoside. The characteristic HPTLC fingerprints of six Thymus L. species in three mobile phases of different polarities that cover a wide range of bioactive substances were established. The content of rosmarinic acid in different Thymus L. species samples was in the range of 0,11-0,72 %: Th.moldavicus – 0,11 %; Th.Marschallianus – 0,19-0,27 %; Th.serpyllum – 0,38 %; Th.vulgaris – 0,51 %; Th.calcareus – 0,56 %; T.Pallasianus – 0,72 %. The total flavonoids content, expressed as luteolin-7-O-glucoside, was in the range of 0,8-2,72 %: Th.moldavicus – 0,8 %; Th.serpyllum – 0,87 %; Th.vulgaris – 1,06 %; Th.Pallasianus – 1,28 %; Th.Marschallianus – 1,89 %; Th.calcareus – 2,72 %.
Conclusions. The proposed scientific approach for quality evaluation of Thymus L. species using HPTLC allows to determine comprehensive information of chemical composition and content of active substances of multiple samples in parallel, in a cost and time-efficient manner
Scientific and methodological approaches to modeling the optimal strategy for increasing the competitiveness of pharmacy chains of different sizes
Authors: Bondarieva Iryna , Malyi Volodymyr , Posilkina Olga , Mala Zhanna , Nessonova Maryna
Published: September 2021

The aim of the work is to develop scientific and methodological approaches to modelling the optimal strategy to increase the competitiveness of pharmacy chains (PC), which belong to different clusters.

Materials and methods. The algorithm for determining the optimal strategy for increasing the competitiveness of PC for different clusters using the method of constructing a decision tree and cluster analysis is proposed. To solve this problem, an expert survey of more than 400 pharmacy managers, who were part of the PC of different sizes, was previously conducted. According to the results of an expert survey using hierarchical clustering methods based on the values of 13 input variables - scores of the strengths of the competitiveness of the PC, three clusters of networks were identified, each of which proposed its own algorithm for modelling the optimal strategy of competitiveness.

Results. Using modern economic and mathematical tools, the distribution of PC depending on their size into clusters for modelling the dynamics of competitiveness is substantiated. Indicators are identified, which show a significant difference between clusters, which was taken into account in the process of modelling and selection of the optimal strategy to increase the competitiveness of PC. It is established that the biggest negative impact on the strategy of increasing the competitiveness of small networks has a slow response to changes in market conditions, the biggest positive impact – the availability of additional services in the networks; for medium PC the most important factors influencing the level of competitiveness are the location of pharmacies and competent management; for large PC – the use of modern automated management programs, the level of efficiency of the marketing complex and location features.

The algorithm of the generalized model of “decision tree” for a choice of optimum strategy of increase of competitiveness depending on the size of PC is constructed. It was found that the following factors are of the greatest importance: the size of the PC, the use of the discount card system, and the least - the speed of response to market changes and the stability of the financial condition.

Conclusions. The proposed generalized mathematical model of the “decision tree” allows a reasonable approach to choosing the optimal strategy to increase the competitiveness of PC depending on its size. The assessment of the importance of predictor variables for each cluster of PC allows determining the priority factors in the implementation of measures aimed at implementing the chosen strategy to increase competitiveness
Water disinfection under the helium influence
Authors: Koval Iryna
Published: September 2021

The object of research is the process of water disinfection at the influence of gas from bacteria of a particular genus with different amounts per unit volume of water. Due to the annual increase in the amount of pollutants in natural waters, new opportunities to improve microbiological indicators of water quality are being explored. There are many different ways to disinfect it, both physical and chemical. However, no single method has been found to purify aqueous media from microorganisms that would ensure their effective destruction. It is proposed to study the activity of specific microorganisms during the bubbling of inert gas through the aqueous medium. The microorganisms studied were rod-shaped sporogenic cells of Bacillus cereus bacteria type. The test gas was inert helium. The study used continuous gas bubbling throughout the process, which allowed to mix microbial water efficiently and prevent the formation of stagnant zones in the reaction medium. In particular, active gas mixing facilitates its access to each cell. The gas supply rate corresponded to 0.2 cm3/s, and its flow rate was 0.7 dm3 for one hour of bubbling through microbial water. The duration of the entire research process was 7200 s. The constant temperature of the microbial water (T=288±1 K) was maintained during the experiment by cooling the glass reactor with running water. An in-depth method of culturing bacterial cells was used. A decrease in the number of microorganisms was observed throughout the helium supply process, despite the different initial amounts in the water. The highest destruction degree of bacillus (77.06 %) was obtained at the lowest studied concentration in water (NM01=3.4·104 CFU/cm3). This is due to the fact that less microbial load provides better conditions for access of helium to the cell and their effective destruction. The proposed method of water purification allowed to achieve a sufficiently high degree of water disinfection from sporogenic rod-shaped bacteria after the action of helium alone. In particular, it has been experimentally proven that the efficiency of the water disinfection process depends on the concentration of microorganisms per unit volume of water. Due to the treatment of contaminated water with gas, it is possible to obtain high rates of its purification and the application of this method for practical purposes in water treatment technology.
Development of fermentation parameters of milk-fat mixtures in the production of sour cream product with phytosterols
Authors: Honcharov Denys , Tkachenko Nataliia , Nikolaieva Veronika
Published: September 2021

The object of research is a sour cream product with the addition of phytosterols in terms of the finished product from 0.141 to 1.710 g/100 g of product. One of the most problematic places when using phytosterols is their extremely low solubility in water and fats. There are several ways to add phytosterols to foods. Direct application is represented by suspensions of phytosterol nanoparticles. To improve the solubility in water, phytosterols are converted into the form of glycosides. To improve the solubility in fats and oils, phytosterols are converted into fatty acid ethers. An important issue in the development of fermented milk products is the effect of phytosterols on the homogeneity of the system, the fermentation process, the final properties of the product. During the study, the introduction of pre-esterified phytosterols as a substitute for milk fat with a melting point of 32–34 °C to milk-fat mixtures. Milk-fat mixtures of various compositions were fermented with the study of acidity during fermentation. To study the properties of the system, milk fat was replaced by vegetable fat by 25, 50, and 75 %. The content of lactic acid bacteria was determined for the final product and the organoleptic parameters of the product were compared. The results show that when fermenting for 14 hours, the required acidity parameters of pH 4.2 to 4.6, titratable acidity of 76 to 79 °T were achieved at 12 hours. Phytosterols did not harm the fermentation rate, and after the process did not worsen the taste and appearance of the product. This provides the opportunity to obtain a high-quality sour cream product with additional properties. The process of fermentation of sour cream products with phytosterols corresponds to the parameters of the standard sour cream product and sour cream. This provides advantages such as the ability to integrate a new product into the sour cream and sour cream production system without significant changes in technology and equipment.
Development of technology for production of functional fruit drinks
Authors: Pavlenko Svitlana , Verkhivker Yakov , Myroshnichenko Оlena
Published: September 2021

The object of research is the technology of functional fruit and vegetable juice products enriched with collagen. The subject of research is various types of collagen, formulations and parameters of technological operations for the production of functional juice drinks. The research is aimed at the develop technology, recipes for a new assortment of fruit and vegetable drinks enriched with collagen. Also it is aimed at the preserve the functional properties of collagen in canned juice products after high-temperature processing and create food products for everyday consumption to solve age-related and other problems associated with human health. In the course of the study, standard methods were used to determine the organoleptic indicators of various types of collagen, juice products, as well as to determine the mass fraction of moisture, carbohydrates, fats, proteins in the developed fruit and vegetable drinks enriched with collagen. Also, to confirm the presence and preservation of collagen in finished products, the electrophoresis method was used to determine the atomic mass unit of the constituent substances after complete drying of the samples. The proposed methods make it possible to assess the quality of the developed collagen-enriched drinks, prove the presence and preservation of a biologically active additive in the finished product after using the sterilization mode parameters – temperature and time, when receiving canned products. The developed formulations and technology make it possible to consider functional fruit and vegetable juice-containing products enriched with a biologically active additive collagen as effective and useful. An easily digestible food product for everyday consumption is proposed for solving age-related and other problems related to human health, with regulation of the pH value for effective use of the beneficial properties of this additive. In contrast to existing functional juice products, the proposed formulations and technology make it possible to obtain juice-containing fruit and vegetable blended products with a biologically active additive collagen. The technology minimizes the impact of collagen on the organoleptic characteristics of the developed recipe compositions of finished products and preserves its beneficial biologically active properties in the finished canned product after heat sterilization.
Determination of heat transfer coefficient in advanced rotary film evaporator
Authors: Zagorulko Aleksey , Zahorulko Andrii , Serik Maksym , Оnishchenko Vyacheslav , Postadzhiev Alexander
Published: September 2021

The object of research is the process of concentrating fruit and vegetable purees in an improved rotary film evaporator. The existing hardware design of traditional processes for processing fruits and vegetables, as a rule, is not unified enough, inconvenient in operation and is designed for high productivity. Concentration of fruit and vegetable purees occurs mainly in vacuum evaporators of periodic and continuous operation at a temperature of 60–80 °C under vacuum, which allows them to significantly preserve their nutritional value. But the duration of the process remains very significant (in devices of periodic action up to 75–90 minutes). One of the most problematic areas in the concentration of fruit and vegetable raw materials is significant losses of biologically active substances. At the same time, an important indicator of the quality of the process of concentrating pasty fruit and vegetable pastes is the value of the heat transfer coefficient, which characterizes the efficiency of the heat transfer method and the design features of the mixing device, taking into account the thermophysical characteristics of the product. To create conditions for conducting research to determine the heat transfer coefficient, it is necessary to use instrumentation with precise regulation of the necessary technological parameters.
To study the heat transfer coefficient when concentrating fruit and vegetable purees, an automatic installation of an improved rotary evaporator was designed. The improvement of the rotary film evaporator (RFE) is carried out due to the lower location of the separating space by installing a screw discharge of the paste and preheating the output puree with secondary steam.
The experimental dependences of the heat transfer coefficient on the product flow rate make it possible to determine the rational values of the flow rate of the RFE feedstock at various values of the rotor shaft speed. It is found that the heat transfer coefficient is influenced to a large extent by the product consumption, and the rotor speed acts to a lesser extent, only the relative speed of fluid passage around the developed hinged blade changes. It is found that when the frequency changes from 0.3 to 1.7 s–1, an increase in the heat transfer coefficient by 1.45 times is observed, which is explained by a more intensive degree of mixing of the product by the blades.
Integrated assessment of atmospheric air pollution by the example of the city of Uzhhorod (Ukraine)
Authors: Delehan-Kokaiko Svitlana , Glyudzyk Emilia , Symkanuch Olesya
Published: September 2021

The object of research is the processes of transformation of the ecological equilibrity of the structural and functional state of atmospheric air by the example of the city of Uzhhorod (Ukraine), as the border area, and the impact on the health of the population. One of the most problematic issues is the imperfection of methods for assessing the quality of air and its impact on the health of the population.
During the study, data from the Transcarpathian Regional Center of Hydrometeorology were used, the materials of statistical reporting of enterprises, the urban sanitary and epidemiological station, etc. Data is obtained relating to the influence of automobile transport in Uzhhorod, Transcarpathian region, on the quality of atmospheric air, as well as the negative consequences of the impact of excessive concentrations of pollutants in the air on the health of inhabitants of urbanized territories. The authors analyze the data on the concentrations of certain air quality parameters in 2019 and 2020. The ways to improve the ecological situation in Uzhhorod have been suggested, and the necessity of developing public control of air quality to preserve the health of Uzhhorod residents has been substantiated.
Due to the introduction of the proposed ways to improve the environmental situation in Uzhhorod, an increase in the living conditions of the population of border areas, in particular, Uzhhorod, improving the quality of atmospheric air of the investigated territories will be achieved. It is indicated to develop proposals for improving the methods of quality control of atmospheric air of border areas that will correspond to the standards of the European Union. This study is global due to the shapes of modern anthropogenic pressure, spontaneity, impulsivity and comprehensive validity of numerous factors implemented against the background of climate change. And it is requires new approaches in the scientific principles of organization of nature management, which will be based on an ecosystem approach in identifying and establishing biosafety of existing and latest pollutants
Development of a mechanism for implementation of a national innovative policy in the energy sector based on Industry 4.0
Authors: Trofymenko Olena
Published: September 2021

The object of research is the processes of formation and implementation of mechanisms for innovative development of the energy sector of the national economy in the context of the fourth industrial revolution. It was determined that at the global level, mechanisms for innovative development of industry and energy are formed in the New Industrial Strategy of the European Union (EU), the Paris Climate Agreement, and the fourth energy package of the EU. The challenges of Industry 4.0 necessitate the formation and adaptation of these mechanisms in individual countries to ensure the innovative development of the energy sector in different countries.
In the course of the study, the scientific and applied foundations of ensuring the development of the energy sector at the state level have been analyzed. They also used a system-functional approach, methods of structural and functional analysis and functional synthesis, critical analysis of regulatory framework, goals and objectives in the energy sector of the national economy. As a result, a comprehensive mechanism for the implementation of the national innovation policy in the energy sector of the national economy at various levels of the social hierarchy has been proposed. In particular, 5 functional components of the innovative development of the energy sector of the national economy have been identified:
1) productivity of innovation;
2) effectiveness of innovation policy;
3) effectiveness of energy innovation;
4) investment support for innovative development of the energy sector;
5) development of human capital in terms of decarbonization of the economy.
On the basis of these components, the main mechanisms have been formed, which make up a comprehensive mechanism for implementing the state policy of innovative development of the energy sector of the national economy, and each of these mechanisms has its own set of implementation tools: economic; motivational; organizational-technological and political-legal. This forms the basis for the implementation of its interfunctionality and ensures its functioning, based on the principle of multilevel (elements relate to the supranational, interstate, national, regional, local and sectoral levels) and is intended to enhance the socio-economic effects of Industry 4.0.
Mechanisms of Damage to the Cardiovascular System in COVID-19
Authors: Fisun Alexandr Y. , Lobzin Yuriy V. , Cherkashin Dmitry V. , Tyrenko Vadim V. , Tkachenko Konstantin N. , Kachnov Vasilii A. , Kutelev Gennadiy G. , Rudchenko Ignat V. , Sobolev Alexey D.
Published: September 2021

The review article is devoted to the analysis of the literature on the various mechanisms of damage to the cardiovascular system in COVID-19. The article briefly outlines the epidemiology and urgency of the COVID-19 problem, describes the features of the clinical picture of heart muscle damage in COVID-19. The pathophysiology, morphology and pathogenetic mechanisms of myocardial involvement in cases of SARS-CoV-2 lesion are considered in detail. The authors present a diagram of various mechanisms of myocardial damage in COVID-19, which includes mediated damage to the heart muscle through angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, myocardial damage caused by hypoxemia, microvascular heart damage, and systemic inflammatory response syndrome. A detailed scheme of cardiomyocyte infection with the involvement of cytokines, which ultimately leads to myocardial remodeling and dilated cardiomyopathy, is presented. The pathophysiological foundations of the development of sudden cardiac death in COVID-19, which include the mechanisms of life-threatening arrhythmias, acute coronary syndrome, and heart failure, are considered. The authors analyzed scientific studies of the toxic effects of COVID-19 drug treatment on the heart muscle, in particular, antiviral, antibacterial, antimalarial agents. Their potential benefits and harms, as well as the likelihood of developing cardiovascular events, in particular sudden cardiac death, were assessed.
QRS-Fragmentation: Perspectives for Use in Clinical Practice
Authors: Fedulaev Yuri N. , Makarova Irina V. , Pinchuk Tatiana V. , Chuvarayan Grigoriy A.
Published: September 2021

The current article provides a detail review of foreign publications, discussing the opportunities and the benefits of evaluation of the QRS-fragmentation (fQRS) a new electrocardiographic (ECG) parameter in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Diagnostic criteria for narrow and wide QRS-complexes are defined. Main results of the comparative and correlation analysis, evaluating fQRS and electrocardiographic (pathologic Q-waves), echocardiographic (left ventricular ejection fraction), angiographic settings are described. There is a discussion of the prognostic role of fQRS in stable CAD as well as in patients presented with acute myocardial infarction. fQRS is an available ECG-marker of local myocardial fibrosis. It seems to be a useful negative predictor in individuals with CAD, indicating an increased risk of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias and recurrent cardiac events. The presence of fragmented QRS-complexes is associated with an increased in-hospital and long term (overall as well as cardiovascular) mortality. Routine evaluation of fQRS in standard ECG leads does not require additional resources, and will contribute to an improvement in diagnostics and risk stratification of stable CAD as well as myocardial infarction. Assessment of fQRS can be included in noninvasive diagnostic algorithm concerning CAD.
The Effect of Angiotensin Receptor Inhibitors and Neprilysin on Aortic Stiffness in Patients with Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction
Authors: Ryazanov Alexey S. , Shikh Evgenia V. , Kapitonov Konstantin I. , Makarovskaya Mariya V. , Kudryavtsev Alexey A.
Published: September 2021

Background. Compared with enalapril, sacubitril/valsartan reduces mortality from cardiovascular diseases and the number of hospitalizations for heart failure in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). These benefits may be related to effects on hemodynamics and cardiac remodeling. The aim of the study is to determine the effect of sacubitril/valsartan on aortic stiffness and cardiac remodeling compared with enalapril in HFrEF. Materials and methods. In this long-term outpatient study, 100 patients with HFrEF received sacubitril/valsartan or enalapril. The primary endpoint was the change in arterial impedance (aortic stiffness characteristic) over a 12-month follow-up. Secondary endpoints included changes in N-terminal cerebral natriuretic propeptide (NT-proBNP), ejection fraction, left atrial volume index, E/e index, left ventricular end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes; left ventricular-arterial index (Ea/Ees). Results. During 12 months of follow-up, 100 patients showed significant differences between the groups with respect to changes in arterial impedance, which decreased from 224.0 to 207.9 dynes s/ cm5 in the sacubitrile/valsartan group and increased from 213.5 to 214.1 dyne s/cm5 in the enalapril group (difference between groups: 9.3 dynes s/ cm5; 95% CI: from 16.9 to 12.8 dynes s/cm5; p = 0.69). Also, there were intergroup differences in the change in left ventricular ejection fraction and Ea/Ees index. NT-proBNP level, left ventricular end-diastolic and systolic volume index, left atrial volume index, E/e index were reduced in the sacubitril/valsartan group. Conclusions. Treatment with sacubitril/valsartan compared with enalapril resulted in a significant reduction in aortic stiffness in HFrEF.
Role of Nutritive Factors in Infants Sleep Management
Authors: Turti Tatiana V. , Belyaeva Irina A. , Bombardirova Elena P. , Sadchikov Pavel E. , Nagonov Alexander Y.
Published: September 2021

The organized infant’s sleep schedule is the crucial part of normal individual development. On the contrary, restless sleep, nocturnal awakening, long wakefulness can lead to deviations in physical, psychomotor, and cognitive development. Feeding schedule organized according to the time of a day and circadian rhythms (chrono-nutrition concept) can be useful for prevention and correction of such disorders. You are aware of the effect of such factors as feeding before night's sleep, nutrition at dark time of a day, diet enriched with triptophane and nucleotides, on the maturation and consolidation of infants sleep. The correlation between intestinal microbiota and factors affecting the circadian and metabolic activity of the body are presented: day-night cycles, sleep and wake, diet and nutrition. Targeted regulation of the intestinal microbiota through products enriched with functional components (prebiotics) can lead to the development of healthy sleep in infants via axis “brain - intestine - microbiota".
Search for an Ideological Conception and the Semantics of Ideologeme
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Kalganova S. O. ,   Humanities University
Published: September 2021

The article considers the semantic shifts referred to the meanings of such ideologemes as “empire”, “civilization”, “globalization” attested in media texts when a new ideological conception is being explored. The ideas of L. M. Maydanova, N. A. Kupina, N. I. Klushina provided the methodological basis for this study. The research leads to the conclusion that the official mass media often use the term “empire” towards Russia. They develop the rhetoric of “a powerful state”, “capable of defending and maintaining its sovereignty and interests”, “a powerful state as a specific way to survive for Russia’s citizens”, “a people’s empire which has much commitment to the demographics and the well-being of the population”. In order to achieve this goal, the state “plans to re-explore its territory, i.e. to build new modern cities behind the Urals”, “to develop its own industries”. “The people’s empire” is set against “the liberal Western empire” which has delegated its monitoring role to “the progressive communities” spreading terror among the dissenters. At the core of Russia as “the people’s empire”, there are traditional values of a distinct Russian civilization based on orthodoxy. Previously regarded as a flawless model, Western society is now presented as something completely odd for Russian mentality. Characteristic features of Russian civilization include “the tendency to consolidate in case of difficulty”, “value of family” and “fraternal feelings towards other ethnicities”. The semantic of “globalization” ideologeme includes the following meanings: “transnational corporations’ ambition for world domination” that implies “blurring national, cultural, political borders”, “transforming people into depersonalized perfect consumers”, “utilizing unwanted majority”, “destroying nation states through hybrid warfare”. The opposition of globalization is a strong nation state defending its sovereignty and interests. This state is able to get its region under control. Thus, there is another tendency countervailing globalization; it is regionalization, which is understood as the division of the world into macro regions, each headed by a major power responsible for reducing tensions and maintaining peace. Supposedly, the “globalization” ideologeme will soon be replaced by a new ideologeme of “macroregionalization”.
Professor N. N. Popov and the Era of “Glasnost” in the Regional Print Media in the Middle Ural
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Antoshin A. V. , Baranova L. Ja. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the activities of the Professor N. N. Popov (Ural State University named after A. M. Gorky) in the years of perestroika. The publications of N. N. Popov in the regional print media, his participation in the work of the City Discussion Tribune are analysed. The contribution of N. N. Popov to the transformation of content in the Ural press of the era of “glasnost” is substantiated.
The Organization of Mental Representations of Pandemic Among Workers of the Socionomic Occupations
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Kuvaeva I. O.
Published: September 2021

The study defines and analyses the organization of the concept of Pandemic. According to psychological interpretation the concept of Pandemic is a mental model that reflects objectified and subjective-evaluative highlighters and influences the coping behaviour in a specific difficult situation. The diagnostic complex included three open-type tasks (a directed associative experiment, problem formulation, and a visual portrait of the concept). The assumption about the specifics of mental representations of the pandemic in medical workers and sales assistants was tested. The results demonstrated that sales assistants had a generalized mental model of the pandemic (a disease around the world) and described different problems in studying the pandemic. Medical specialists working with COVID-19 patients had more differentiated mental representations of the pandemic; they were better aware of the medical and health problems of the pandemic. Mental representations of pandemic among participants included objectified and negative emotional-evaluative descriptions.
Research of Involuntary Response to Environmental Stimuli in Toddlers with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors:   Ural State Pedagogical University, Kostyuk A. V. , Tokarskaya L. V. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: September 2021

The results of the study related to involuntary response to preferred and indifferent stimuli in children of the third year of life with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and children without autism are presented. The research involved three children with ASD and three with delayed speech development, who do not have ASD, at the age of 2 years 2 months — 2 years 3 months. The study was conducted by observation, and the topography of the behavioural response in a child with ASD was determined: changes in facial expressions, movement speed, hand grip of an object, touching an object. In the course of the study, an intervention was carried out aimed at forming an involuntary response to environmental stimuli. In the conclusion of the work, the results of the intervention are described.
O lugar dos ensaios clínicos aleatorizados na pesquisa em psicoterapia: uma crítica epistemológica
Authors: Sampaio Thiago Pacheco de Almeida , Lotufo Neto Francisco
Published: September 2021

Resumo O Ensaio Clínico Aleatorizado (ECA) é considerado o tipo de desenho metodológico com maior poder de verificação da eficácia das psicoterapias. Entretanto, especialmente a partir da segunda metade do século XX, muitas críticas direcionadas às concepções epistemológicas subjacentes às ditas “ciências duras” atingiram também, no âmbito das ciências da saúde, os estudos que adotavam esse desenho. Este artigo é uma reflexão crítica sobre algumas das objeções feitas aos ECAs, avaliando de que maneira e até que ponto estes poderiam se configurar como estratégia válida de investigação científica no contexto crítico apontado. Conclui-se que o ECA pode e deve ser utilizado - desde que em contexto crítico - por seu valor pragmático, enquanto produtor de predições e intervenções capazes de solucionar problemas clínicos, inevitavelmente definidos e estabelecidos a partir do ponto de vista particular de uma comunidade.
Identificar y responder preguntas resolubles mediante un diseño experimental: una experiencia con docentes de escuela primaria
Authors: Edelsztein Valeria Carolina , Galagovsky Lydia Raquel
Published: September 2021

Resumen: La capacidad de identificar y responder preguntas investigables que puedan ser resueltas mediante un diseño experimental es considerada una competencia a ser desarrollada durante el aprendizaje en ciencias naturales. Lograr que los estudiantes cumplan con este objetivo necesariamente implica que el profesorado haya perfeccionado esta competencia previamente. Sin embargo, existen pocas investigaciones al respecto de cuán desarrollada se encuentra esta habilidad en docentes y prácticamente ninguna con la participación de maestros y maestras de escuela primaria. En este trabajo se presenta una secuencia de actividades didácticas en tres fases con el objetivo de indagar sobre esta habilidad, promover la capacidad de identificar, entre un genérico de preguntas investigables, aquellas que, efectivamente, podrían ser resueltas mediante un diseño experimental sencillo y luego formular un experimento adecuado, con variables mensurables y controladas, para responderlas. Dicha secuencia se implementó exitosamente con un grupo de 41 docentes de escuela primaria.
Configuración teórica de la noción de Discurso Digital Escolar relativo a la Química
Authors: Zambrano-González Néstor Alexander
Published: September 2021

Resumo: Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar la configuración teórica de la noción de Discurso Digital Escolar relativo a la Química (DDErQ, por sus siglas en español), propuesta que, tomando como ángulo de entrada la formación inicial de profesores en el campo de la Educación Química, busca constituirse lugar posible para la interpretación, la comprensión y la resignificación de las futuras prácticas escolares asociadas a la enseñanza de esta ciencia. En este propósito, los principales referenciales teóricos que configuran esta noción se derivan, por una parte, del Análisis del Discurso en su vertiente iniciada en Francia por Pêcheux y desarrollada ampliamente en Brasil por Eni Orlandi y, por la otra, de los desdoblamientos que, basados en esta filiación teórica, fueron publicados en el campo de las llamadas ciencias de la naturaleza por Almeida y en el campo de las nuevas tecnologías del lenguaje por Dias.
Family and community guidance in adolescence: assessment in the family health strategy
Authors: Queiroz Rosimara Oliveira , Moroskoski Márcia , Shibukawa Bianca Machado Cruz , Uema Roberta Tognollo Borotta , Oliveira Rosana Rosseto de , Higarashi Ieda Harumi
Published: September 2021

Objective: to evaluate family and community guidance in adolescence, within the scope of Primary Health Care. Method: an evaluative and descriptive study with a quantitative approach, developed through the application of the Primary Care Assessment Instrument (PCATool), with 70 professionals from the Family Health Strategy and 140 adolescents from the widerange areas. Data collection took place in Basic Health Units and in the adolescents’ homes in a municipality of southern Brazil, from May to September 2019. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics using ANOVA and Tukey’s test, performed using the R Studio software. Results: there was divergence in the assessment of the attributes of family and community guidance between users and responsible professionals, showing weaknesses in the communication process and in the formation of the care bond in this reality, with impacts on quality of care. Conclusion: there was a need for continued assessment of the care practice in primary health care, as well as for permanent education with a focus on increasing qualification of care for adolescents.
Do depressive symptoms among pregnant women assisted in Primary Health Care services increase the risk of prematurity and low birth weight?
Authors: Bonatti Anelise de Toledo , Roberto Ana Paula dos Santos Costa , Oliveira Thais de , Jamas Milena Temer , Carvalhaes Maria Antonieta de Barros Leite , Parada Cristina Maria Garcia de Lima
Published: September 2021

Objective: to investigate associations between depressive symptoms during pregnancy, low birth weight, and prematurity among women with low-risk pregnancies assisted in public Primary Health Care services. Method: prospective cohort with 193 pregnant women, using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, telephone interviews, and medical records available in the health services. Associations of interest were obtained using the Cox regression model. Results: the participants were aged 24.9 years old (median) and had 11 years of schooling (median); 82.4% lived with their partners, and gestational age at the birth was 39 weeks (median). Twenty-five percent of the participants scored ≥13 on the Edinburgh scale. Depressive symptoms did not appear associated with low birth weight (RR=2.06; CI95%=0.56-7.61) or prematurity (RR=0.86; CI95%=0.24-3.09) in the adjusted analysis. However, premature labor increased the risk of low birth weight (RR=4.81; CI95%=1.01-23.0) and prematurity (RR=7.70; CI95%=2.50-23.7). Additionally, each week added to gestational age decreased the risk of low birth weight (RR=0.76; CI95%=0.61-0.95). Conclusion: the presence of depressive symptoms among women with low-risk pregnancies was not associated with low birth weight or prematurity.
A comprehensive overview of miRNA targeting drought stress resistance in plants
Authors: Shah S. M. S. , Ullah F.
Published: September 2021

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are essential nonprotein-coding genes. In a range of organisms, miRNAs has been reported to play an essential role in regulating gene expressions at post-transcriptional level. They participate in most of the stress responsive processes in plants. Drought is an ultimate abiotic stress that affects the crop production. Therefore understanding drought stress responses are essential to improve the production of agricultural crops. Throughout evolution, plants have developed their own defense systems to cope with the adversities of environmental stresses. Among defensive mechanisms include the regulations of gene expression by miRNAs. Drought stress regulates the expression of some of the functionally conserved miRNAs in different plants. The given properties of miRNAs provide an insight to genetic alterations and enhancing drought resistance in cereal crops. The current review gives a summary to regulatory mechanisms in plants as well as miRNAs response to drought stresses in cereal crops. Some possible approaches and guidelines for the exploitation of drought stress miRNA responses to improve cereal crops are also described.