bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indistinguishable monocyte pathway activation in adeno-associated virus positive and negative paediatric liver explants
Authors: de Kleine Ruben H. , Carbo Ellen C. , Jochems Simon P. , Lexmond Willem S. , Zhou Xuewei W. , Mei Hailiang , Bontemps Sander T.H. , Hennevelt Rick , Gard Lilli , Sidorov Igor A. , Boers Stefan A. , Heuvel Marius C. van den , Buddingh Emilie P. , Kroes Aloys C.M. , de Meijer Vincent E. , Schölvinck Elisabeth H. , von Eije Karin J. , de Vries Jutte J.C.
Published: September 2023

Adeno-associated virus 2 (AAV2) has recently been epidemiologically associated with severe childhood hepatitis, however the pathogenesis remains unclear. Here, we report excessive activation of monocyte pathways in liver explant tissue from cases compared with paediatric controls. Remarkably, this signature was indistinguishable for AAV2 positive and negative transplant cases. Our findings suggest a common pathway triggered by different viruses circulating during the outbreak, with similar severe clinical outcome.
Deuteration-enhanced neutron contrast to probe amorphous domain size in organic photovoltaic bulk heterojunction films
Authors: Lu Xinhui , Cai Guilong , Li Yuhao , Fu Yuang , Yang Hua , Mei Le , Li Tengfei , Liu Heng , Ke Yubin , Wang Xun-Li , Bredas Jean-Luc , Chen Xian-Kai , Zhan Xiaowei
Published: September 2023

An organic photovoltaic bulk heterojunction is comprised of a mixture of organic donor (D) and acceptor (A) materials, generally forming a semi-crystalline thin film with both crystalline and amorphous domains. The sizes of the donor and acceptor domains critically impact the device performance; however, conventional X-ray scattering techniques lack the ability to detect the D/A contrast within the amorphous D/A intermixing regions. In this study, we employed neutron scattering and targeted deuteration to enhance the D/A contrast by nearly one order of magnitude. Remarkably, the PM6:deuterated Y6 (d-Y6) system revealed a new length scale, indicating short-range aggregation of d-Y6 molecules in the amorphous intermixing regions. All-atom molecular dynamics simulations confirmed that this short-range aggregation is an inherent morphological advantage of Y6 which effectively assists charge extraction and suppresses charge recombination as demonstrated by capacitance spectroscopy. For the first time, our findings uncovered the amorphous nanomorphology of organic photovoltaic thin films, providing crucial insights into the morphology-driven device performance.
Correlation and Path-coefficient Analysis for Oil and Its Fatty Acids Traits in Indian Mustard [brassica Juncea (L.) Czern & Coss.]
Authors: Kumar Rajneesh , Pandey Manoj Kumar , Chand Pooran
Published: September 2023

In this study, fourteen genotypes of Brassica (B. juncea) were analyze for correlation co-efficient between oil and its major fatty acid traits and path co-efficient analysis to examine the cause and consequences relationship with direct and indirect components. Correlation coefficient for the major fatty acids revealed that oil content exhibit highly significant with positive correlation and significant for linoleic acid.Moreover, oil content correlated with positively in the direction for palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and erucic acid. Howeverit exhibit in negative direction and non-significant for eicosenoic acid. When dependent characters was oil content and all other residual 7 characters / all fatty acid traits considered as independent contributing characters, linoleic acid (0.180) displayed high order of direct effect on oil content and it is followed by erucic acid (0.154), oleic acid (0.148), Linolenic acid (0.096), palmitic acid (0.095), and stearic acid (0.068). At phenotypic level, linoleic acid (0.115) exhibit high order of direct effect on oil content and it is follow by erucic acid (0.101), oleic acid (0.095), palmitic acid (0.062), Linolenic acid (0.055) and stearic acid (0.045). Residual effect at genotypic level (0.959) and phenotypic (0.983) were high which indicate that most of the characters contributing to the oil content has taken in the present study. Palmitic acid contributed to oil content indirectly via eicosenoic acid; stearic acid via linoleic acid; linoleic acid via stearic acid; Linolenic acid via eicosenoic acid; eicosenoic acid via oleic acid & erucic acid via eicosenoic acid. These characters also been identified as major direct and indirect contributors towards oil contents and fatty acid profile in Indian mustard.
Tetramerization of PKM2 alleviates traumatic brain injury by ameliorating mitochondrial damage in microglia
Authors: Zhu Haiyan , Zhang Huiwen , Zhao Xiao-Jing , Zhang Lingyuan , Liu Xue , Zhang Zhi-Yuan , Ren Yi-Zhi , Feng Yong
Published: September 2023

Background
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Microglial activation and neuroinflammation are key cellular events that determine the outcome of TBI, especially neuronal and cognitive function. Studies have suggested that the metabolic characteristics of microglia dictate their inflammatory response. The pyruvate kinase isoform M2 (PKM2), a key glycolytic enzyme, is involved in the regulation of various cellular metabolic processes, including mitochondrial metabolism. This suggests that PKM2 may also participate in the regulation of microglial activation during TBI. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the role of PKM2 in regulating microglial activation and neuroinflammation and its effects on cognitive function following TBI.
Methods
A controlled cortical impact (CCI) mouse model and inflammation-induced primary mouse microglial cells in vitro were used to investigate the potential effects of PKM2 inhibition and regulation.
Results
PKM2 was significantly increased during the acute and subacute phases of TBI and was predominantly detected in microglia rather than in neurons. PKM2 inhibition by TEPP46 and shikonin inhibited microglial M1-like activation and attenuated neuroinflammation following TBI. The effects of general inhibition and tetramerization of PKM2 on microglial activation were compared, and we confirmed that the nuclear translocation of PKM2 is required for the generation of the pro-inflammatory microglial M1 phenotype. PKM2 tetramerization effectively transitioned microglial activation to an anti-inflammatory phenotype and maintained normal mitochondrial morphology by enhancing the interaction between PKM2 and mitofusin 2 (MFN2) in pro-inflammatory activated microglia. General inhibition and tetramerization of PKM2 attenuated cognitive function caused by TBI, whereas PKM2 tetramerization exhibited a better treatment effect.
Conclusion
Our experiments demonstrated the non-metabolic role of PKM2 in the regulation of microglial activation following TBI. Tetramerization or suppression of PKM2 can prevent the pro-inflammatory M1 microglia phenotype and improve cognitive function after TBI.
In vitro antioxidant and anticancer potentials of sulfated polysaccharides from Chnoospora implexa J. Agardh: A Sustainable Approach
Authors: Viswanathan Shyamala , Riyaz S.U. Mohammed , Dhayalan Manikandan , Shah Mohd Asif , Mallik Saurav , Dinesh Rakshi Anuja , Giri Jayant , Natarajane Anandakumar , Mohammad Faruq
Published: September 2023

The synthesis, characterization, and biological efficacy of sulfated polysaccharides namely fucoidan from the thallus of Chnoospora implexa J Agardh which is extracted with 0.1 M HCl and processed by DEAE cellulose to yield portions of fucoidan with molar mass of 20, 30, and 25 kDa, serially. The yields of fucoidan in F1, F2, and F3 are 18.3%, 27.7%, and 15.1%, respectively. F2 has the greatest sulphate concentration (23.7%), followed by F3 (12.1%) and F1 (7.8%). Following this, the fractions in vitro antioxidant activity was determined by employing the superoxide radical-scavenging test and hydroxyl radical-scavenging assay at different doses in g/m. The analysis demonstrated outstanding antioxidant activity for all the three fractions, with the F2 fucoidan showing the highest antioxidant activity. Further analysis of anticancer activity of F2 fucoidan was conducted on human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells using the MTT assay, LDH assay, Phase-contrast fluorescence microscopic analysis, DAPI staining assay and cell cycle analysis. Western Blot analysis, Caspase enzyme activity test and DNA fragmentation assay were used to investigate the apoptosis. From the findings of the analysis, the F2 fraction had an outstanding anticancer effect on MCF-7 cells, with an IC50 value of 500 g/mL.
Influence of post-reformer temperature on the yields and qualities of the products from the TCR® process
Authors: Onyishi Hillary Onyebuchi , Neidel Johannes , Daschner Robert , Apfelbacher Andreas , Hornung Andreas
Published: September 2023

This work investigates the influence of the post-reformer temperature on the yield and quality of the products from the thermo-catalytic reforming (TCR®) process. It seeks to establish an optimisation methodology for achieving desired product yields and qualities by means of adjusting the post-reformer temperature. Five different feedstock materials are studied: straw, bio-stabilised compost, and three feedstock materials, which are mixtures of horse manure, straw, saw dust, and miscanthus in varying proportions. Two sets of experiments, one at a post-reformer temperature of 500°C and the other at 700°C, are carried out on all the feedstock materials. The results show that a greater biogas yield is achieved at the higher post-reformer temperature, but at the expense of the other products: biochar, process water, and biooil. As the post-reformer temperature increases, the carbon and energy yields generally increase for the biogas, but generally decrease for the other products. Moreover, the hydrogen fraction of the biogas is larger in the higher post-reformer temperature trials. In addition, the biooils and process waters produced at the higher post-reformer temperature of 700°C have less impurities, and the biooils are less acidic because of better reforming. However, there is no clear indication of any change in the calorific value of the biooil with increased post-reformer temperature. Conversely, the biochar produced from the lower post-reformer temperature trials have higher calorific values due to less thermal decomposition.
A Network Pharmacology Based Approach to Decipher the Pharmacological Mechanisms of Salvia officinalis in Neurodegenerative Disorders
Authors: Nazir Sheikh Sana , Goel Divya , Vohora Divya
Published: September 2023

The present study aimed to assess the pharmacological mechanism of Salvia officinalis in Neurodegenerative disorders using a network pharmacology approach followed by molecular docking analysis. Phytoconstituents of S.officinalis were obtained from various databases, followed by the screening of active ingredients using the Swiss ADME web tool. Potential targets of active ingredients were identified using PubChem & SwissTargetPrediction. Genes related to Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and Huntington’s disease (HD) were gathered using online databases. Besides, the correlation between active ingredient targets and disease-associated genes was linked. Networks were constructed, visualized, and analyzed using Cytoscape. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed using DAVID database. Decisively, Autodock was used for molecular docking. The results of network analysis identified 9 key active ingredients based on topological analysis of the active ingredient - candidate targets network. Also, the analysis revealed a shared target of 9 key active ingredients of S. officinalis that interacted with 133 AD-related targets whereas only 6 active ingredients interacted with 85 and 58 targets of PD and HD respectively. The core genes from the network were AKT1, BACE1, CASP3, MAPK1, TNF, and IL6. Furthermore, GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that FOXO, TNF, MAPK, PI3K-Akt, Rap 1, and neurotrophin signalling pathways as enriched, which were further validated by molecular docking suggesting the protective role of S. officinalis in neurodegenerative diseases. Our research reveals the therapeutic benefits of S. officinalis, which might play a crucial role in modulating neurodegenerative diseases.
The predictive significance of chromobox family members in prostate cancer in humans
Authors: Xu Xiaoting , Lai Cong , Luo Jiawen , Shi Juanyi , Guo Kaixuan , Hu Jintao , Mulati Yelisudan , Xiao Yunfei , Kong Degeng , Liu Cheng , Huang Jingang , Xu Kewei
Published: September 2023

Purpose The Chromobox (CBX) family proteins are crucial elements of the epigenetic regulatory machinery and play a significant role in the development and advancement of cancer. Nevertheless, there is limited understanding regarding the role of CBXs in development or progression of prostate cancer (PCa). Our objective is to develop a unique prognostic model associated with CBXs to improve the accuracy of predicting outcomes of patients with PCa.
Methods Transcriptome sequencing and clinical data for PCa were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. The data was then analyzed to identify differential expression, assess prognostic value, determine gene pathway enrichment, and evaluate immune cell infiltration. COX regression analysis was utilized to identify the independent prognostic factors that impact disease-free survival (DFS) in PCa, and subsequently, a nomogram was created. In vitro proliferation, migration and invasion assay were conducted to examine the function of CBX2 in PCa.
Results CBX2, CBX3, CBX4, and CBX8 were upregulated, whereas CBX6 and CBX7 were downregulated in PCa tumor tissues. The expression level of these genes differs depending on the cancer's stage and grade. A negative outcome is associated with patients who have elevated levels of CBX1, CBX2, CBX3, CBX4 and CBX8 expression. An independent prognostic factors for PCa were the expression level of CBX2 and T stage, as well as Gleason score, as determined by Cox regression analysis. Additionally, a nomogram was created. The infiltration level of various immune cells is associated with the expression level of CBX2. In vitro studies have shown that the knockdown of CBX2 can greatly impede the growth, migration and invasion of PCa cells.
Conclusion CBX2 is involved in the development and advancement of PCa, suggesting its potential as a reliable prognostic indicator for PCa patients.
ZNF251 is a novel prognostic biomarker and correlated with the immunosuppressive microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Zeyu , Chen Yuxin , Xie Tan , He Shiqing , Wei Xin , Wang Gang , Liu Bin , Sun Nan , Wang Feitong
Published: September 2023

Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) persists as the most common malignant tumor worldwide. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate its pathogenic mechanism and explore its potential prognostic and therapeutic targets However, the role of zinc finger protein (ZNF)251 in HCC is unclear.
Methods
The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-HCC transcriptional profiles were used to investigate the ZNF251 expression in HCC and normal samples and explore the effect of ZNF251 on HCC prognosis. ZNF251 expression and its role in pan-cancer were examined via several other databases ZNF251 mRNA and protein expression levels in clinical HCC tissues and cell lines were measured by RT-qPCR and western blotting, respectively. Following small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated ZNF251 knockdown, the effects of ZNF251 on HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were evaluated in vitro experiments. The effect of ZNF251 on HCC growth in vivo was investigated via a nude mouse subcutaneous model. Furthermore, the effect of ZNF251 on infiltrating immune cells and the associations between ZNF251 and the genes of interest were analyzed with TIMER2 and GEPIA2. Finally, the relationship between ZNF251 and chemokines was investigated via TISIDB.
Results
ZNF251 was highly expressed in HCC, and promoted HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by activating the extracellular-regulated protein kinase (ERK) signaling pathway. ZNF251 was associated with poor prognosis of HCC and was highly expressed in most cancers. Further analyses revealed that ZNF251 was positively associated with regulatory T cell (Treg) infiltration and Treg-related immunosuppressive cytokine expression. Moreover, ZNF251 was tightly related to the expression of classic exhaustion markers of CD8+ T cells. ZNF251 significantly affected the expression of 10 chemokines in HCC (CCL2, CCL4, CCL5, CCL11, CCL13, CCL14, CCL23, XCL2, CXCL17, CCL20), which indicated that ZNF251 might affect HCC immune profiles by regulating chemokine expression.
Conclusion
ZNF251 functions as an oncogene in HCC and can serve as a new prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target.
Aesthetic Subunit Reconstruction of Basal Cell Carcinoma Face
Authors: Garg Paheli , Jain Rakesh , Vashistha Aakansha , Khushalani Asha
Published: September 2023

Background
Arising from the basal cell layer of epidermis; BCC is one of the most common cutaneous malignancy encountered in elderly (77%) followed by SCC(20%) and malignant melanoma(3%).
Material and method
: A prospective observational study was conducted at Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery with 50 patients included for over a span of 2 years. Patients with biopsy confirmed BCC lesion over face were included and were grouped on the basis of subunit involved and type of flap done.
Results
50 patients were included which comprised of 16(32%) males and 34(68%) females. Mean age was 61+/-10.2 years. Smallest defect size was of 1.5 cm2 whereas largest defect size was of 5 cm2. Cheek was the most common site of occurrence. Cheek advancement flap was the most commonly performed flap.
Conclusion
Reconstruction of facial subunit post BCC excision with local tissue has superior aesthetic outcome in terms of colour and texture than any other modality.
Temporal dynamics and genomic programming of plasma cell fates
Authors: Singh Harinder , Vijay Godhev Kumar Manakkat , Xu Heping
Published: September 2023

Affinity-matured plasma cells (PCs) of varying lifespans are generated through a germinal center (GC) response. The developmental dynamics and genomic programs of antigen-specific PC precursors remain to be elucidated. Using a model antigen, we demonstrate biphasic generation of PC precursors, with those generating long-lived bone marrow PCs preferentially produced in the late phase of GC response. Clonal tracing using scRNA-seq+BCR-seq in spleen and bone marrow compartments, coupled with adoptive transfer experiments, reveal a novel PC transition state that gives rise to functionally competent PC precursors. The latter undergo clonal expansion, dependent on inducible expression of TIGIT. We propose a model for the proliferation and programming of precursors of long-lived PCs, based on extended antigen encounters followed by reduced antigen availability.
The Effect of Perioperative Lidocaine During Modified Radical Mastectomy on Postoperative Pain and Immune Response. A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Hadavi SeyedMohammad Reza , Sahmeddini Mohammad Ali , Khademi Saeed , Boostani Nazila
Published: September 2023

Introduction:
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. Surgical resection of the breast mass could induce an inflammatory response, which increases cytokines such as interleukin IL beta-1 and IL-6. These mediators lead to peripheral and central sensitization and induce hyperalgesia. In this study, we hypothesized that perioperative lidocaine infusion could not only reduce serum interleukin levels but also reduce postoperative pain severity.
Patients and methods:
In this randomized clinical trial, 90 women who were candidates for elective mastectomy under general anesthesia were enrolled and randomly allocated into two groups. In group A, patients received 2 mg/kg of lidocaine stat and 1.5 mg/Kg/hr of lidocaine infusion perioperatively, and patients in group B received normal saline. Serum levels of interleukin 1 beta and 6 were measured before the start of infusions and 24 hours after. Also, postoperative pain was evaluated until 24 hours postoperatively.
Results
The mean visual analog post-operation was significantly lower in the lidocaine group compared to the control group (P < 0.001). The baseline mean serum levels of interleukin 1 beta and 6 in pre-operative time in both groups were not different (P > 0.05). However, 24 hours postoperatively, the mean serum level of interleukin 6 was higher in the control group compared to the lidocaine group (P 0.001).
Conclusion
Perioperative systemic lidocaine infusion in patients with breast cancer could modulate the production of IL-6, and through the reduction of this cytokine, patients experienced better pain control in the immediate postoperative period.
Content validity and reliability of the Exploring EXPRESSions of Autism through Body Language (EXPRESS) tool
Authors: Ferreira Ilana D , Arbour-Nicitopoulos Kelly P , Brian Jessica , Wright F Virginia
Published: September 2023

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) participate in less physical activity than the recommended physical activity guidelines. This may be attributable, in part, to community program instructors’ limited knowledge of ASD, specifically, their awareness of the nonverbal expression differences and consequent challenges with understanding these children’s experiences and reactions during program activities. We developed the Exploring EXPRESSions of Autism through Body Language (EXPRESS) observational rating tool to increase awareness of body language communication of children with ASD, and through its use, hopefully enhance the relationship between instructors and children with ASD within community physical activity programs. The purpose of this study was to assess two key psychometric aspects of the 12-item EXPRESS-Code. Three parents of children with ASD participated in interviews to evaluate content validity related to item interpretation (positive/negative body language cue categories). Inter-rater reliability was assessed by having two raters use the EXPRESS-Code to score videos of 26 children with ASD (6–12 years) performing an advanced gross motor assessment. The EXPRESS-Code met the target for content validity with 88.5% agreement on item categorization, although parents recommended renaming the body language categories as ‘engaged’ and ‘not engaged’. Intra- and inter-rater reliability estimates were excellent for the ‘engaged’/ ‘not engaged’ cue categories (ICCs 0.95–0.97). Next steps for the EXPRESS-Code include assessment of the impact of use on: 1) the relationship of a child with ASD and their instructor, 2) instructors’ confidence working with children with ASD, and 3) engagement and enjoyment of the child with ASD within a physical activity program.
Genomic Classifiers and Prognosis of Localized Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review
Authors: Boyer Matthew , Carpenter David , Gingrich Jeffrey , Raman Sudha , Sirohi Deepika , Tabriz Amir Alishahi , Rompre-Brodeur Alexis , Lunyera Joseph , Basher Fahmin , Bitting Rhonda , Kosinski Andrezj , Cantrell Sarah , Gordon Adelaide , Ear Belinda , Gierisch Jennifer , Jacobs Morgan , Goldstein Karen
Published: September 2023

Background
Refinement of the risk classification for localized prostate cancer is warranted to aid in clinical decision making. A systematic analysis was undertaken to evaluate the prognostic ability of three genomic classifiers, Decipher, GPS, and Prolaris, for biochemical recurrence, development of metastases and prostate cancer specific mortality in patients with localized prostate cancer.
Methods
Data Sources: MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science were queried for reports published January 2010 to April 2022.
Study Selection: Prospective or retrospective studies reporting prognosis for patients with localized prostate cancer.
Data Extraction: Relevant data were extracted into a customized database by 1 researcher with a second over reading. Risk of bias was assessed using a validated tool for prognostic studies, Quality in Prognosis Studies (QUIPS). Disagreements were resolved by consensus or by input from a third reviewer. We assessed certainty of evidence by GRADE incorporating adaptation for prognostic studies.
Results
Data Synthesis: A total of 39 studies (37 retrospective) involving over 10 000 patients were identified. Twenty-two assessed Decipher, 5 GPS, and 14 Prolaris. Thirty-four studies included patients who underwent prostatectomy. Based on very low to low certainty of evidence, each of three genomic classifiers modestly improved upon the prognostic ability for biochemical recurrence, development of metastases, and prostate cancer specific mortality compared to standard clinical risk classification schemes
Limitations: Downgrading of confidence in the evidence stemmed largely from bias due to the retrospective nature of the studies, heterogeneity in treatment received, and era in which patients were treated (i.e., prior to 2000s).
Conclusions:
Genomic classifiers provide a small but consistent improvement upon the prognostic ability of clinical classification schemes which may be helpful when treatment decisions are uncertain. However, definitive evidence from current management-era data is needed.
An updated review of synthesis and characterization of some new thiazolidinones containing coumarin moiety and their antimicrobial study.
Authors: Kushwaha Shekhar Prakash
Published: September 2023

Purpose: The main purposes of this study were to investigate the therapeutic qualities of small ring heterocycles containing nitrogen and sulfur, with a focus on thiazoles, and their potential as pharmaceutically significant compounds. The research aimed to explore the biological actions of substances with thiazole nuclei, including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antifungal characteristics.
Methods: First, coumarin Schiff bases were reacted with iodoacetic acid to create a new class of thiazolidinones. The synthesis of 4-Chloro coumarin 2 and 4-Chloro-3, 4', 3', 4"-tercoumarin 2a was carried out by combining 4-hydroxy coumarin and phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5). Moreover, the combination of toluenediamine sulfate and compound 2 led to the formation of 4-[(4-aminophenyl) amino]-2H-chromen-2-one. To create various Schiff bases of coumarin, 4-[(4-aminophenyl) amino]-2H-chromen-2-one was condensed with different aldehydes. The synthesized compounds' structures were verified using techniques such as IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and elemental analyses (C, H, N).
Results: This investigation suggests the potential of the compound like synthesis of 4-Chloro coumarin 2, 4-Chloro-3, 4', 3', 4"-tercoumarin 2a, and 4-[(4-aminophenyl) amino]-2H-chromen-2-one demonstrated the successful creation of novel compounds through specific reactions. The condensation of 4-[(4-aminophenyl) amino]-2H-chromen-2-one with various aldehydes led to the generation of distinct Schiff bases of coumarin.
Conclusion: In conclusion, the study highlighted the significance of small ring heterocycles containing nitrogen and sulfur, particularly thiazoles, in the development of important pharmaceutical compounds. The successful synthesis of novel compounds through specific reactions underscores the versatility of the methods employed. The structural verification of the newly synthesized compounds further supports the validity of the study's findings.
Effectiveness of personalized meal recommendation in improving dietary behaviors of Chinese community-dwelling elders: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Xu Zidu , Xu Xiaowei , Sun Lianglong , Guo Zhen , Lai Jianqiang , Kang Lin , Li Jiao
Published: September 2023

Background:
Inappropriate eating behaviors, particularly a lack of food diversity and poor diet quality, have a significant impact on the prognosis of certain chronic conditions and exacerbate these conditions in the community-dwelling elderly population. Current dietary interventions for the elderly have not adequately considered the nutritional needs associated with multiple chronic conditions and personal dietary preferences of elderly individuals. A personalized recommendation system has been recognized as a promising approach to address this gap. However, its effectiveness as a component of an elderly-targeted dietary intervention in real- world settings remains unknown. Additionally, it is unclear whether this intervention approach will be user-friendly for the elderly. Therefore, this
study aims to examine the effectiveness of a personalized meal recommendation system designed to improve dietary behavior in community-dwelling elders. The implementation process in terms of System usability and satisfaction will also be assessed.
Methods:
The trial has been designed as a 6-month, non-blinded, parallel two-arm trial. 150 community-dwelling elders who meet the eligibility criteria will be enrolled. Subjects will be allocated to either the intervention group, receiving personalized meal recommendations and access to corresponding food provided as one component of the intervention, as well as health education on elder nutrition topics, or the control group, which will receive nutritional health education lectures. Outcomes will be measured at three time points: baseline at 0 months, 3 months, and 6 months. The primary outcomes will include dietary diversity (DDS) and diet quality (CDGI-E) of enrolled community-dwelling elders, representing their dietary behavior improvement, along with dietary behavior adherence to recommended meals. Secondary outcomes will measure the perceived acceptability and usability of the personalized meal recommendation system for the intervention group. Exploratory outcomes will include changes in the nutritional status and anthropometric measurements of the community-dwelling elders.
Discussion:
This study aims to examine the effectiveness, acceptability, and usability of a personalized meal recommendation system as a data-driven dietary intervention to benefit community-dwelling elders. The successful implementation will inform the future development and integration of digital health strategies in daily nutrition support for the elderly.
Trial registration:
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2300074912. Registered on August 20, 2023, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=127583
Mediated democracy in Action
Authors: Taglo Belew Anley , Moges Mulatu Alemayehu , Skjerdal Terje
Published: September 2023

Using media democracy as its case, this article reports results of a study on the state of Ethiopian newspapers with op-ed commentaries. There is good reason to focus on newspaper op-ed column, because it is considered as a forum for democratic practice in a mediated setting. Thus, the study takes the perspective of op-ed forum as a public sphere where citizens articulate issues of public matters. Guided by two major research questions, the study empirically examines the salient features of media democracy focusing on op-ed articles published during the 2018 Ethiopian political reform period, which range in date from April 2, 2018 to April 1, 2019.
The study employs a content analysis research method. Applying quantitative approach, the study employed a constructed week sampling method to select quantitative data from sample newspapers. The study focuses on op-ed content and source features, which have been taken as key characteristics of op-ed page to measure ‘what writers said’ and ‘whose voices were heard’ regarding the 2018 Ethiopian political reform. In terms of diversity, the study disclosed a limited diversity in terms of source and content.
The study reported in this article shows that media democracy in the op-ed pages of Ethiopian newspapers, particularly in state-owned newspapers, were constructed to advance the newspapers’ editorial stance on the issues. Looking at the features of op-ed columns vis-à-vis editorial lines, the study finds that most op-ed commentaries bear similarity to editorials in state-controlled newspapers (coincide), and in private newspapers op-eds neither coincide nor collide with editorial lines the papers pursue.
Increasing variance of rich-club nodes distribution in EOD according to dynamic network
Authors: Mai Naikeng , Wu Yujie , Zhong Xiaomei , Chen Ben , Zhang Min , Peng Qi , Ning Yuping
Published: September 2023

Early onset depression(EOD) and late onset depression(LOD) are thought to have different pathogeneses, but lack of pathological evidence. In the current study we describe the dynamic rich-club properties of patients with EOD and LOD to address this question indirectly.We recruited 82 patients with late life depression (EOD 40, LOD 42) and 90 healthy controls. Memory, executive function and processing speed were measured, and resting-stage functional MRI was performed with all participants. We constructed a dynamic functional connectivity network and carried out rich-club and modularity analyses. Normalized mutual information(NMI) was applied to describe the variance in rich-club nodes distribution and partitioning. The NMI coefficient of rich club nodes distribution among the three groups was the lowest in the EOD patients (F = 4.298; P=0.0151, FDR=0.0231), which was positively correlated with rich-club connectivity (R = 0.886,P<0.001) and negatively correlated with memory(R = -0.347,P = 0.038) in the EOD group. In the LOD patients, non-rich-club connectivity was positively correlated with memory(R = 0.353,P = 0.030 and R = 0.420,P = 0.009). Furthermore, local connectivity was positively correlated with processing speed in the LOD patients (R = 0.374,P = 0.021). The modular partition was different between the EOD patients and the HCs(P=0.0013 < 0.05/3). The temporal instability of rich-club nodes was found in the EOD patients, but not the LOD patients, supporting the hypothesis that EOD and LOD result from different pathogenesis, and showing that the instability of the rich-club nodes across time might disrupt rich-club connectivity.
Framing of Public Media Input in a Mediated Deliberation Context
Authors: Taglo Belew Anley , Moges Mulatu Alemayehu , Skjerdal Terje
Published: September 2023

The Ethiopia of 2018 was a country experiencing political reform from the three-years youth-led mass protest and violence. The reform became one of the top concerns in the Ethiopian media between 2018 and 2019. This study aims to determine media framing of the reform in major Ethiopian newspapers with public media input of op-ed commentaries.
The purpose of this study is to examine how the media constructed the Ethiopian political reform which happened in 2018. Thus, the study uses the paradigms of constructivism, framing analysis and construction of media reality. The mass media studied were four major national newspapers. Applying qualitative approaches, data were collected through a constructed week sampling method, which is important to approximate media content for larger population of textual data.
For the data analysis and findings of this research, an issue-based textual analysis was conducted to identify frames appearing in op-ed guest articles between 2018 and 2019 surrounding the political reform. The subject of the analysis is the framing of how the political reform case was played out in major national newspapers in the specified period.
In a mediated deliberation, focusing on op-ed guest commentary as a sources of framing, the study identified ‘attribution of responsibility frame’ and ‘binary frame’ as key frames in the studied material. Attribution of responsibility frame, in conjunction with prognostic framing function, employed both prime minister-level attribution of responsibility and societal-level attribution of responsibility, in the selected stories. Taking frame-building process, both internal factors (in private newspapers) and external factors (in state-run newspapers) have determined the identified frames in the study.
YTHDC1 regulates the postnatal development of heart
Authors: Shi Lei , Wang Quanwei , Zhang Meiwei , Qin Cong , Shao Dongpu , Peng Mengling , Yang Ying , Shi Wei , Zhang Zhiguo
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to investigate the role of the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) reader protein YTHDC1 in heart development and its potential molecular mechanisms. Animal experiments were conducted using cardiac-specific Ythdc1 knockout (Ythdc1-CKO) mice, and human heart samples were collected from aborted fetuses. Echocardiography, immunoblotting, RNA-Seq, and ATAC-Seq were performed to assess cardiac function, gene expression, and chromatin accessibility. The results revealed that YTHDC1 expression was highest during embryonic and early postnatal stages and gradually decreased with age. Cardiac-specific deletion of Ythdc1 resulted in abnormal heart development, early dilated cardiomyopathy, and severe heart failure. RNA-Seq analysis revealed significant changes in gene expression profiles, particularly genes related to cardiac contraction and transmembrane transport. ATAC-Seq analysis demonstrated significant changes in chromatin accessibility, and the binding motifs of the transcription factors Mef2a, Mef2b, Mef2c, and Mef2d, which are essential for cardiac development, were switched off in Ythdc1-CKO mouse hearts. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that YTHDC1 plays a critical role in heart development and its deficiency leads to abnormal cardiac development and function. The findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying heart development and suggest potential therapeutic targets for heart diseases.
Neointimal dissection – a rare complication to endovascular treatment in grafts and stent grafts
Authors: Larsen Anne Sofie F. , Aslam Shakil , Holmen Lars Olaf
Published: September 2023

Background.
Neointima formation and hyperplasia in vascular grafts may lead to graft complications threatening the patency of the vascular reconstruction. A rare complication to endovascular treatment of grafts and stent grafts is dissection inside the graft.
Case report.
We present here a case of a 69-year-old female with acute occlusion of the limb of an aorto-bifemoral graft for the third time, 16 years after the primary operation. As at the first two occasions, catheter-based intra-arterial thrombolysis was performed, but with residual stenosis inside the graft. During stent placement, dissection of the neointima or fibrin sheet occluded the inflow to the stent. The complication was resolved with placement of kissing stents.
Conclusions.
It is important to recognize iatrogenic neointima dissection inside graft and stent grafts, as continued thrombolysis will not solve this, but increase the risk of hemorrhagic complications.
CSF1R inhibition is not specific to innate immune cells but also affects T-helper cell differentiation independently of microglia depletion
Authors: Lei Fengyang , Cui Naiwen , Zhou Chengxin , Chodosh James , Vavvas Demetrios G. , Paschalis Eleftherios I.
Published: September 2023

Colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) inhibition has been proposed as a specific method for microglia depletion. However, recent work revealed that in addition to microglia, CSF1R inhibition also affects other innate immune cells, such as peripheral monocytes and tissue-resident macrophages of the lung, liver, spleen, and peritoneum. Here, we show that this effect is not restricted to innate immune cells only but extends to the adaptive immune compartment. CSF1R inhibition alters the transcriptional profile of bone marrow cells that control T helper cell activation. In vivo or ex vivo inhibition of CSF1R profoundly changes the transcriptional profile of CD4+ cells and suppresses Th1 and Th2 differentiation in directionally stimulated and unstimulated cells and independently of microglia depletion. Given that T cells also contribute in CNS pathology, these effects may have practical implications in the interpretation of relevant experimental data.
Functional analysis of polyphosphate in Myxococcus xanthus
Authors: Harita Daiki , Matsukawa Hiroka , Kimura Yoshio
Published: September 2023

Myxococcus xanthus synthesizes polyphosphates (polyPs) with polyphosphate kinase 1 (Ppk1) and degrades short- and long-chain polyPs with the exopolyphosphatases, Ppx1 and Ppx2, respectively. M. xanthus also expresses polyP:AMP phosphotransferase (Pap) which generates ADP from polyPs and AMP. M. xanthus synthesized polyPs during the stationary phase; the ppk1 mutant showed no difference in growth during the exponential growth phase but died earlier than the wild-type and ppx2 mutant after the stationary phase. In addition, M. xanthus cells cultured in phosphate-starved medium, 0.07 mM H2O2-supplemented medium, or nutrient-deficient medium (CF medium) increased the intracellular polyP levels by six- to eight-fold after 6 h of incubation. However, the growth of ppk1 and ppx2 mutants in phosphate-starved medium and 0.07 mM H2O2 supplemented medium was not significantly different from that of wild-type strains, nor was there a significant difference in fruiting body formation and sporulation on CF medium. The adenylate energy charge (AEC) values of the wild-type strain and the ppk1, ppx2, and pap mutant strains at the exponential growth phase were approximately 0.80. The AEC of the wild-type strain did not change until day 3 of development, whereas the AEC values of the ppk1 and pap mutant strains decreased to 0.77 due to an increase in AMP and a decrease in ADP. Spores of ppk1 and pap mutants in the nutrient medium germinated later than those of the wild-type strain. These results suggested that polyPs produced during development may play an important role in cellular energy homeostasis by being used to convert AMP to ADP via Pap.
Risk factors analysis and prediction model building of infection in patients with autoimmune rheumatic disease
Authors: Li Jinzhou , Zou Danfeng , Luo Xiaoning , Hu Hongling , Zheng Ping , Zhao Jinjun , Mo LiQian
Published: September 2023

Background
Patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRDs) are at increased risk of infection, and accurate assessment of infection risk can provide information for clinical decision making. This study is to identify the risk factors associated with infection in patients with AIRDs and develop a risk prediction model.
Methods
The clinical data of AIRDs inpatients was collected and retrospectively analyzed from January 2020 to December 2022. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were employed to determine the independent risk factors of comorbid infection in AIRDs patients. A clinical prediction model was constructed and subsequently evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
Results
A total of 281 cases of infection were observed in patients with AIRDs, with a positive sputum culture rate of 36.0%. Among these cases, 128 strains of pathogens were identified, including 72 strains of bacteria and 56 strains of fungi. Additionally, parasite eggs were detected in the stool samples of 2 patients. IgG and glucocorticoid therapy were independent factors influencing the occurrence of infection in patients with AIRDs. The prediction model incorporating IgG demonstrated an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.751 (95% CI: 0.552–0.951). IgG (≤ 12g/L) can serve as a valuable tool for evaluating the susceptibility to infection in AIRDs patients.
Conclusion
IgG reduction(≤ 12g/L) can serve as a predictive indicator for infection in AIRDs patients, which can assist clinical decision-making by proposing preventive strategies early to reduce infections.
Thermodynamic studу of ethyl alcohol sorption on activated petroleum coke
Authors: Tsareva Anna A. , Poltoratckaya Maria E. , Litvinova Tatiana E. , Rudko Viacheslav A.
Published: September 2023

The low-quality petcoke do not find qualified application and is stockpiled at refineries or used as solid fuel. One of the promising uses of low-quality petroleum coke is its physical or chemical activation in order to obtain a highly porous carbon material that can be used as a catalyst carrier, adsorbent, the basis for capacitive electrodes etc. In this work the possibility of using petroleum coke to produce sorbent for organic compounds was studied. The activated petroleum cake was obtained by chemical activation with KOH, and had a specific surface area of 1218 m2/g. Sorption of ethyl alcohol was studied at temperatures 285, 293, and 300 K. It is a physical process, proceeds mainly in pores of activated petroleum coke. Sorption can be described as a reversible exothermic process. The effective Gibbs energy at a temperature of 293 K is -2.75 kJ/mol. The heat of sorption is -25.65 kJ/mol. The obtained data confirm that porous carbon material obtained from petroleum coke can be used as sorbent for ethanol at room temperature. For example, for adsorption of bioethanol from the effluent of the fermentation process or for purification of wastewater from organic compounds.
Disitamab Vedotin, a HER2-directed Antibody Drug-Conjugate, in Patients with HER2- positive and HER2-low Advanced Breast Cancer：A Phase 1/1b Study
Authors: Wang Jiayu , Liu Yunjiang , Zhang Qingyuan , Li Wei , Feng Jifeng , Wang Xiaoxia , Fang Jianmin , Han Yiqun , Xu Binghe
Published: September 2023

Purpose
Disitamab vedotin (DV; RC48-ADC) is an antibody-drug conjugate comprising HER2-directed antibody, linker and monomethyl auristatin E. This phase 1/1b study evaluated the safety and efficacy of DV in HER2-positive and HER2-low advanced breast cancer (ABC).
Patients and Methods:
In the phase 1 dose-escalation study (C001 CANCER), HER2-positive ABC patients received DV at doses of 0.5–2.5 mg/kg once every two weeks (Q2W) until unacceptable toxicity or progressive disease. The recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D), safety, and pharmacokinetics (PK) were determined. The phase 1b dose-ranging and expansion study (C003 CANCER) enrolled HER2-positive and HER2-low ABC patients receiving DV at doses of 1.5–2.5 mg/kg Q2W and 2.0 mg/kg Q2W, respectively.
Results
24 patients in C001 CANCER and 112 patients in C003 CANCER, including 70 patients with HER2-positive ABC and 66 patients with HER2-low ABC, were enrolled. At the PR2D of 2.0 mg/kg Q2W, confirmed objective response rate (ORR) was 42.9% (9/21; 95% CI 21.8–66.0) and 33.3% (22/66; 95% CI 22.2–46.0), with median progression-free survival (PFS) of 5.7 months (95% CI 5.3–8.4) and 5.1 months (95% CI 4.1–6.6) for HER2-positive and HER2-low ABC, respectively. Common (≥ 5%) grade 3 or higher treatment-emergent adverse events included neutrophil count decreased (17.6%), gamma-glutamyl transferase increased (13.2%), asthenia (11.0%), white blood cell count decreased (9.6%), peripheral neuropathy (6.6%), and pain (5.9%).
Conclusions
DV demonstrated promising efficacy in HER2-positive and HER2-low ABC, with a favorable safety profile at 2.0 mg/kg Q2W.
Trail registration:
NCT02881138. Registered 20 August 2016; NCT03052634. Registered 09 February 2017;