bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SKELETAL MUSCLE POSTTRAUMATIC REGENERATION RESPONSE TO HUMIC PELOID MEDICATION
Authors: SUVOROVA Galina N , VOLOGDINA Natalia N , AVVAKUMOV Nadezhda P , KRIVOPALOVA Maria Y
Published: August 2021

One of the relevant tasks of current morphology is the investigation of tissue regenerative potential and research for new medications that improve recovery process efficiency. Nowadays, clinical specialists focus on medications that are based on natural compounds. However, such medication influence on the processes that occur within the injured tissues is still not identified. The purpose of this study was to investigate skeletal muscle tissue posttraumatic regeneration response to humic peloid medication, based on humic acids modified by Zinc ions. Humic acid extraction was carried out by means of patent procedure. The study included laboratory Wistar rats with hyperextension of front femur muscle. The preparations were studied by means of light and electronic microscopy and autoradiography. Histologic preparations evaluation showed that under peloid medication exposure the apolexis processes within muscle fibers rupture are inhibited, interstitial edema becomes restricted by the injured area, vessel growth into the area of damaged capillaries is stimulated, macrophages migrate and the area and duration of posttraumatic inflammation decrease. Additionally, peloid medication intake shortens the length of skeletal muscle tissue reparative histogenesis stages: myosatellitocytes are activated earlier than in the control group, myoblasts and myosymplasts are detected, the separation of nuclear sarcoplasmatic areas from partly injured muscle fibers is stimulated, myotubules appear 3 – 5 days earlier than in control group. Overall, muscle tissue regeneration efficiency increases by 21%. Obtained results allow us to conclude that peloid medication based on humic acids modified by Zinc ions positively influence the stimulation of the regeneration process. This will lead to further investigation of humic substances: fulvic, hymatomelanic, humin and humic acids of peloids as medications and their implementation in clinical practice.
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A NEW RUTHENIUM (II) DIARSINIC AQUACOMPLEX
Authors: BATALINI C. , DE GIOVANI W. F
Published: August 2021

Ruthenium complexes are used as catalysts, energy converters, some have biological activity, among other applications. The ruthenium chemistry reserves remarkable stability when complexed with organic ligands, mainly bipyridine and tripyridine. Ruthenium polypyridine aquacomplexes have acted as excellent electrocatalysts in the conversion of organic substances, since they offer interesting patterns of binding with ruthenium. The preparation of ruthenium aquacomplexes combining tripyridine and bidentate arsine ligands is not officially described. Good advantages have been found when using ligands containing mixed mono, di or tripyridines with bidentate ligands in their coordination sphere, such as the verified stability of these complexes, without loss of ligands during the process and the possibility of better stereochemical control during the synthesis of these complexes. This work stands out the synthesis, in three stages, of a new ruthenium tripyridine complex containing a bidentate arsine: [Ru(L)(totpy)(OH2)](ClO4)2 (L=Ph2AsCH2CH2AsPh2); (totpy=4'-(4-tolyl)-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine). Each step of the synthetic route showed a significant reaction yield and the voltammetric, spectroscopic and microanalytical characterization results point positively to the proposed chemical structure of the complex.
SMALL-SIZED UNIAXIAL TWO-WHEEL ROBOT FOR EDUCATIONAL LABORATORY
Authors: LELKOV K. S , KURIS E. D , STOLYAROV Y. V , NIKITENKO I. A , KRAPIVIN S. V
Published: August 2021

This article is dedicated to the development of the uniaxial two-wheel robot (UTR) constructed as the upper pendulum. This robot is intended to be used as a simple and inexpensive model for robotic engineering laboratory classes. Such robot can be used for educational purposes in higher education institutions, as well as in robotic engineering courses in schools and supplementary education institutions. Experimental UTR unit and its general specifications have been developed. The article describes the synthesis of UTR’s simplified mathematical model, control system and hardware composition. It is proven that the simplified equations are correct. In addition, it presents the algorithms of driving engines torque formation based on measurements of sensors with various physical nature and different filtration methods. Possible data merging variants’ diagram is presented. In the process of the half-full scale modelling, the researching of robot movements was conducted simultaneously with the recording of primary information from all measuring systems. As a defined motion, the stabilisation concerning the horizon from the position when the rotation angle of a platform was 40 degrees has been chosen. It has been determining that the robot's engines can enhance torque ranging from 0.05 to 0.22 Nm. The combination of the described mathematical model, control algorithms and specific features of certain structural components ensure the efficiency of UTR application in the educational process. Several UTR control system variants are described, and the simulation results are presented. The article also includes the results of hardware simulation.
THE POSITION OF ENVIRONMENTAL COMPETENCE IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE PRACTICE-ORIENTED PREPARATION OF ENGINEERING STUDENTS
Authors: MASLENNIKOVA Nadezhda N , GIBADULINA Ilzira I
Published: August 2021

The environment is the base for the existence and development of humanity in general. As shown by the history of the development of civilization, it is exactly the relations with nature and the integration of the human being with the environment that formed many cultural views in the social environment. However, the constant development of the technologies declares the lack of the need in the integration of the environment. There is no system of environmental education in the training of specialists in the general context, not only in the form of adaptation to a particular profession. The novelty of the study is defined by the fact that the authors of the paper show the opportunity of forming the environmental culture of future engineers in the general structure of their professional training. They showed the aspects of the structural development of engineers as the main sources of technogenic impact on the environment. They also formed the basic parameters of the environmental activities’ allocation among the engineers and presented the opportunities of increasing the environmental culture based on the introduction of particular pedagogical methods during their training. The practical significance of the study is defined by the fact that the environmental culture in the nearest future will define the opportunities of its own development and the transformation of the entire society in general.
STUDY OF THE IN VITRO LIPOPROTEIN PLASMASORPTION BY POLYMERIC SORBENT WITH MONOETHANOLAMINE GROUPS
Authors: DORSKAIA Elena Vladimirovna , PESTOV Sergei Mikhaylovich , LEYKIN Yuriy Alexeevich
Published: August 2021

At present, the plasmasorption method is used for the treatment of many diseases. However, the modern plasmasorbents for the correction of proteins and lipids often have a number of disadvantages, such as insufficient selectivity and biocompatibility. Besides that, they are quite expensive. The aim of the work is to study in vitro lipoprotein adsorption from plasma by anion exchangers with monoethanolamine groups under conditions approached to clinical ones. We determined the capacities on triglyceride and lipoprotein fractions and the optimal time of the plasmasorption procedure for the sorbents concerned and characterized their effect on the atherogenic properties of plasma. The offered sorbents are cheaper than currently used ones because they are synthesized on the basis of available synthetic polymers. The results obtained are expected to be used for further investigations that could reduce the cost and increase the availability of modern plasmasorption methods.
PHARMACOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS OF MELATONIN
Authors: CAPARICA Rebeca , ROZISCA Erica Aparecida , MACENA Julio César , CAMPOS Laís de Almeida , GRIGOLETTO Diana Fortkamp
Published: August 2021

Melatonin was discovered by Lerner and Coworkers in 1958, and is the main product secreted by the pineal gland. It is a phylogenetically highly conserved molecule and one of the oldest biological signaling mechanisms. It presents several biological functions, among them the most studied is the regulation of the sleep cycle and wakefulness. In addition, melatonin acts as an immunomodulatory, antioxidant molecule and has anticarcinogenic potential. It also participates in the regulation of mood and control of seasonal reproduction. Melatonin is a potent free radical scavenger and several of its metabolites have the ability to remove singlet oxygen, superoxide radicals, hydroperoxides, hydroxyl radicals and radical lipid peroxides. It easily penetrates cell membranes by being soluble in aqueous and organic media, playing a key role in cell biology. Although their activities are interesting for therapy, their low availability, short half-life, and rapid metabolism restrict their use. In this sense, nanotechnology is a tool that has been studied for the elaboration of systems that improve the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of melatonin, in order to potentiate its application in biological models. This review summarizes several studies published in recent years that have shown the most numerous biological activities of melatonin and the improvement of their therapeutic potential through nanotechnology.
MEASUREMENT AND ADSORPTION OF HEAVY METALS ION FROM WATER USING POROUS NANO-ADSORBENTS BY ATOMIC ABSORPTION METHOD
Authors: ORDOUEE B. , HASHEMINEZHAD H.
Published: August 2021

This paper has investigated the optimal localization of photovoltaic systems as one of the distributed generations in micro-grids, with regard to active and reactive power. Micro-grids provide the power quality in accordance with customers' needs, positive effects of micro-grids on the electricity market and economic savings. On the other hand, their effects on reducing air pollution have caused many researchers and experts to notice the issue of micro-grids. So, considering the ability of active and reactive power generation for photovoltaic systems in 24 hours, they can be used more efficiently. The algorithms presented on 33 bus micro-grid are applied in MATLAB, and the results have been investigated. The results have shown that the generated reactive power would significantly reduce the active power of system losses. At 9 AM, considering the PV inverter capability for generating the active and reactive power, voltage profile of the system has improved more effectively. At 12 PM, there are existed the maximum radiation and active power generated, and the whole capacity of the inverter is used to generate the active power. The PV reactive power generated has led to the improvement of the voltage profile.
REVEALING PRE-SERVICE CHEMISTRY TEACHERS’ CONCEPTIONS OF HYDROGEN ATOMIC ORBITALS USING OPEN-ENDED TESTS: A CASE STUDY IN INDONESIA
Authors: SYAMSURI M. Mahfudz Fauzi , FADIAWATI Noor
Published: August 2021

Atomic concept is one concept that is abstract and difficult to describe. Therefore, a research has been conducted to reveal students’ conception in the atomic structure topic, especially the concept of hydrogen atomic orbitals. Totally, 44 pre-service teachers from the second-year students of the Chemical Education Department University of Lampung-Indonesia became the subject of this research. This research used the qualitative design by the type of Grounded Theory. The results showed that there were 9 conceptions related to hydrogen atomic orbitals with the percentage of students who have correct and incorrect conceptions (misconceptions) of 4.54% and 95.46% respectively.
USE OF MONTMORILLONITE CLAY FOR ADSORPTION MALACHITE GREEN DYE
Authors: KLUNK Marcos Antônio , SHAH Zeban , WANDER Paulo Roberto
Published: August 2021

Removal of malachite green dye by adsorption from aqueous solution using montmorillonite clay is reported in this work. A malachite green dye is a cationic widely used in textile industries. Due to its persistence in the aquatic environment, it becomes a problem for aquatic and terrestrial organisms. This dye can be adsorbed through various techniques, but high acquisition and operating costs preclude widespread use. Several adsorbents are available in the market, but the most outstanding are the clays, especially the montmorillonites. These clays are finely divided material ( 0.002 mm), and its adsorption properties are continuously investigated. Types of clays 2:1 (two tetrahedral to one octahedral) are called expandables. The montmorillonite has a potential for dyes removal in wastewater due to the high surface area, porosity with excellent cation exchange capacity conferring its adsorbent property. This work aims to use the montmorillonite as an adsorption system in stages to textile decolorization effluent, composed of malachite green dye, reproduced in the laboratory. The characterization of the clay gives high purity and is used as adsorbent of good quality and efficiency. The retention of dyes in the system composed of montmorillonite arranged in separation stages was efficient. The effect of dye concentration and retention time are the most important parameters used in this study. High concentrations and retention time below 24 hours resulted in low levels of removal (25%). On the other hand, the low level of initial concentration increases removal efficiency (57%). Thus, the results obtained in this work allow concluding that montmorillonite is able to removal malachite green dye.
HDPE/SILICA COMPOSITES-PART II: EFFECT OF SILICA PARTICLE SIZE AND SILICA MODIFICATION ON THE THERMAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Authors: RAMOS Vanessa Machado Babinski , RÖHNELT Maurício Gammertt , BRAMBILLA Rodrigo
Published: August 2021

In this work, the effect of silica particle size and organosilane type used in the silica organofunctionalization on the thermal and mechanical properties of high-density polyethylene (HDPE)/silica composites were evaluated. HDPE/silica composites were prepared by the extrusion method using two types of silica: fumed silica, with nanometric particle size and silica gel, micrometric, modified with organosilanes containing methyl or octyl functional groups. Silicas were added to the HDPE at 1% v/v concentration. The addition of the silicas to the HDPE did not influence the melt (Tm) and the crystallization (Tc) temperatures of the resulting composites but influenced its crystallinity. The mechanical property of Izod impact strength, the dynamicmechanical rheological test (DMTA) and the surface contact angle analysis showed improvements in relation to pure HDPE when used methyl-modified pyrogenic silica as filler. This result suggests that the surface modification of pyrogenic silica with methylsilane groups results in a stronger interaction of this silica with the HDPE matrix. This effect was not observed for micron-sized silica gel, where modification with organosilanes was not sufficient to guarantee interfacial interaction with the HDPE matrix.
PHYTOPLANKTON OF SURFACE WATERS UNDER OIL POLLUTION (SAMOTLOR FIELD, WESTERN SIBERIA)
Authors: SKOROBOGATOVA O. N. , YUMAGULOVA E. R. , STORCHAK T. V. , IVANOVA N. A.
Published: August 2021

The study of freshwater phytoplankton of the Samotlor field is associated with intense oil production and fragmentary reports on the state of wetland communities in the north of Western Siberia. The obtained data expands and complements the information about algae in extreme conditions. The goal of this research is to study the structure of the phytoplankton of high-latitude water bodies under oil pollution. The method of chemical-analytical studies in surface waters revealed excess standards in 2-62 times. By the amount of ammonium nitrogen, the studied water bodies are classified as polluted and very polluted. The amount of sulfates, nitrates, and phosphates in all water samples is lower than the standard MPCfw. During the microscopic examination, 88 algae from 48 genera, 29 families, 10 classes and 7 divisions were found. The basis of the floristic composition consists of Bacillariophyta, Euglenophyta and Chlorophyta. One dominant species (Kolbe-Visloukh method) and seven subdominants were identified. The most successful algae in plankton make up 4.5%. The analytical review showed the predominance of planktonic algae, which are indifferent to salinity and pH, cosmopolitan and ?-mesosaprobic in terms of saprobity. According to the data obtained, a significant deviation of parameters in the chemical composition of water, as well as in the structure dominants, and abundance of phytoplankton from the regional norm, was identified. Phytoplankton under oil pollution is poor in composition, and a significant number of large taxa with a small number of species emphasizes the complexity of the fluorogenic processes in the waters of the Samotlor field. The materials can be applied in a comprehensive study of water bodies, their typological characteristics, in the organization of environmental monitoring and the development of measures to protect aquatic ecosystems from pollution and eutrophication.
SOME PARAMETERS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM AT INJURIES IN HIGHLAND CONDITIONS
Authors: DZHUMABEKOV Sabyrbek A. , ISAKOV Bakytbek D. , NURUDIN UULU Belek , SHERALIEV Azat A.
Published: August 2021

The rationale for the present experimental study is explained by the fact that specialists in clinical traumatology often face such complication as nonunion of broken bones. One of the causes of this complication is a disbalance in structural components of the immune system. The aim of the present study was to investigate the peculiarities of cell-mediated immunity after the injuries in the conditions of highlands in the adapted and non-adapted experimental animals. The primary method of the study was an experiment that allowed the authors to investigate the changes in the immune system under the combined impact of highland conditions and the obtained injury. The study included 140 male and female, white laboratory rats kept at 3,200 m above the sea level at the facilities of high mountain resort Teo-Ashuu. The study results showed that by the end of the study, the animals from the control group had a concentration of the main subpopulations of lymphocytes similar to the baseline, while the animals from the test group had the concentration significantly elevated. The nonadapted animals with injuries had a multidirectional dynamics of the main parameters of subpopulations of lymphocytes. It was also established that the factors of highland conditions and injury had a complex impact on the cell-mediated immune response increasing or decreasing the concentration of different subpopulations of lymphocytes. This indicates that the abovementioned factors have a multidirectional suppressive or stimulating effect on the immune system. The revealed differences in the content of the main subpopulations of lymphocytes showed that their involvement in the processes of regeneration of bone tissue was non-uniform in the conditions of highlands at different stages of the experiment in rats with modeled bone fractures. The materials of the study can be of practical use in clinical traumatology because the obtained data can be used for the correction of the immune therapy in patients with the injuries of the locomotor system.
NON-STATIONARY PROBLEM OF THE PLANE OBLIQUE PRESSURE WAVE DIFFRACTION ON THIN SHELL IN THE SHAPE OF PARABOLIC CYLINDER
Authors: RABINSKIY Lev N.
Published: August 2021

A non-stationary plane problem of the dynamics of thin elastic shell in the form of parabolic cylinder immersed in the fluid under the impact of the plane oblique pressure wave is considered. To solve this problem, a system of equations in the related formulation is constructed. Herewith, the hydroelasticity problems are reduced to the equations of the shell dynamics, the damping effect of fluid is taken into account by introducing an integral convolution type operator in the time domain which in the first approximation allows for accounting the capillary porosity of the shell material. The operator core is a surface transition function of the auxiliary problem of the plane acoustic pressure wave diffraction on a convex surface. The problem is solved approximately based on the thin layer hypothesis. The integral and differential equations of shell motion are solved numerically based on the difference discretization of differential operators and the representation of the integral operator by sum using the trapezium rule.
SURFACE MODIFICATION OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES WITH ACRYLIC ACID/ISOBUTYLENE COPOLYMER UNDER ULTRASONIC TREATMENT
Authors: BULYCHEV Nikolay A. , RABINSKIY Lev N.
Published: August 2021

The influence of the ultrasonic treatment of block copolymer solution on its solid-liquid interface behavior was investigated in detail. The surface modification of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in aqueous dispersions of specially tailor-made periodic acrylic acid/isobutylene copolymer by ultrasonic treatment was studied in order to get new approaches for the creation of hybrid composite materials or polymer coatings. The pigment surface modification by the above copolymer was comparatively investigated regarding conventional adsorption as contrasted to an ultrasonic treatment assisted procedure. The course and efficiency of the polymer adsorption onto the pigment surface were quantified by electrokinetic sonic amplitude measurements. The higher efficiency of the pigment surface coating by the copolymer as achieved by ultrasonic treatment in comparison to conventional adsorption is a consequence of ultrasonically induced pigment surface activation. Two perspective avenues of the utilization of the discovered effects for creation of organic-inorganic composite materials are anticipated: the nanoparticles could first be treated by ultrasound in the presence of polymers and so create a surface modifying coating and the second option is an entrainment of the nanoparticles into the monomer matrix which can be polymerized afterward yielding a polymer with immobilized nanoparticles.
INVESTIGATION OF HEAT DISTRIBUTION PROCESSES ON THE INNER SURFACE OF THE ENCLOSING STRUCTURE, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE MOVEMENT OF AIR IN THE BOUNDARY AREA BETWEEN THE DEVICE AND FENCING
Authors: UNASPEKOV B. A. , ZHUMADILOVA Z. O. , AUELBEKOV S. S. , TAUBALDIEVA A. S. , ALDABERGENOVA G. B.
Published: August 2021

A study was made of the nature of the movement of air mass in the space between the device that warms the room and the confining outer wall of the room. The hydrodynamic motion of the air mass was simulated on the basis of the two-dimensional in space Navier-Stokes equations and the convective heat conduction equation to find out a detailed picture of the physical processes that occur. Also for some particular cases, analytical solutions were obtained for the conjugate problem, where the movement of air is caused by its thermal expansion and the action of gravity in areas with different densities (Archimedes' forces). The simulation of more complex types of air movement with the formation of vortex flows using numerical methods and the corresponding program codes written in C++. It was found that the movement of air mass in the space between the device and the fence strongly depends not only on the temperature of the device, the wall, and the outside air. It was revealed that hydrodynamics and heat transfer are significantly influenced by two geometrical parameters: the distance between the device and the wall, and the distance from the flooring to the bottom of the device. In particular, a thin layer of the downward flow of cold air along the fence and above the floor is possible. The condition for the occurrence of such a downward flow has been found, it is determined by the ratio of the temperature of the wall, the device, and the average temperature in the room.
PROBLEM-DIALOGUE TECHNOLOGY OF FORMING ENVIRONMENTAL COMPETENCE AMONG SPECIALISTS FOR WORK IN THE ARCTIC AND SUBARCTIC CONDITIONS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: PETROV Sergei A. , MAMAEVA Natali L. , NARUSHKO Maksim V.
Published: August 2021

The economic development of the Arctic and the related disturbances in the natural equilibrium of northern ecosystems have become a source of environmental problems that have now become global. In this regard, the urgent question is about finding an affordable and effective learning technology aimed at developing, humanistic, personality-oriented education. In order to discuss the technology of environmental education, as a means of ensuring environmental safety, environmental management and sustainable development of the Arctic, we proposed a questionnaire for obtaining primary environmental and health information, the key point in which is the relationship of ecology and health. Approbation of the problem-dialogue technology of learning allowed, on the basis of clarifying environmental opinions and assessments, value orientations, attitudes, dispositions and stimulating cognitive motivation on the substantive content, to achieve competences to ensure the environmental safety of northern ecosystems during the economic activities of enterprises of the fuel and energy complex. This is especially important in the conditions of the Far North with difficult climatic conditions (geomagnetic background, sudden temperature changes, strong wind loads, the presence of permafrost, etc.) and the rapid development of the oil and gas complex (in particular, high accident rate associated with the complexity of technical devices, the use of extreme operating conditions, strong environmental influences, flammability and explosive hazards of mined products, human factor).
PROPERTIES OF SLAG-ALKALI BINDERS BASED ON INDUSTRIAL WASTE
Authors: ISAKULOV Baizak R. , JUMABAYEV Murat D. , ABDULLAEV Hamit T. , AKISHEV Uzakbay K. , AYMAGANBETOV Mukhambetkali N.
Published: August 2021

To study the processes of interaction and formation of the phase composition in slag-alkali binders based on fly ash, the alkaline ingredient solution was proportioned after 28 days of aging and after heat treatment, steam curing or setting in natural conditions. The products of interaction of slags and soda-sulfate mixture with highly basic additives were studied. Their phase composition was determined by the type of slag, additives, and setting conditions. The increase in density of alkaline ingredient solution from 1,100 to 1,300 kg/cm³ resulted in a 1.7–2 times higher compressive strength of set binder, which is 30.7, 47.1 and 45.9 MPa, depending on the liquid glass module. When the soda-sulfate mixture was introduced into the formula, the compressive strength of the steam-cured samples was 7–22% higher than that of the samples exposed to dry heat treatment. The strength of slag-alkali binders based on fly ash depended on the fineness of fly ash. The developed binding formulas can be used for the preparation of high-strength concretes and building materials.
BIOSYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BACTERIAL CELLULOSE FROM THE KOMBUCHA TEA
Authors: ALVES Genoilson de Brito , BEVERARI Sarah Ferrer , FLORENTINO Laura Camilo , GUERRERO André Soares , SILVA Matheus Antony de Almeida
Published: August 2021

Cellulose is an important biopolymer, used as a raw material for different industrial applications. This represents the most abundant natural polymer on the planet, because it is present as the constituent of most of the biomass of the plants, located in the plant cell wall. With the technological advance, different alternatives different alternatives to develop this material in a sustainable and productive way are searched, one of them is the production of cellulose from microbial metabolism. Kombucha consists of a broth fermented from a symbiotic association between bacteria and yeasts capable of producing bacterial cellulose (CB). The obtained cellulose was treated with water and with NaOH, and through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), we observed greater preservation in the integrity of the fiber in the treatment with water. This was confirmed in the filtration test where the CB (H2O) presented a reduction of 82.8% in the microbial population of the water coming from a stream, followed by 47.9% in the CB (NaOH). Infrared spectrometry (FT-IR) revealed a subtle difference between the two treatments, while the tensile test showed that the alkaline treatment reduces the resistance limit of the fiber by more than 2 times. Based on the results obtained we can assess that the cellulose obtained from kombucha has interesting characteristics for commercial use in several segments as use in human grafts to coat the skin and as a filter for retention of biological particles Indoors as airplanes and even hospital use to contain the dissemination of pathogens.
PROFESSIONAL PREPARATION OF TEACHERS IN THE USA FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF PROFESSIONALISM AND COMPETENCE
Authors: GRIDINA Vera V. , CHEKANUSHKINA Elena N. , KISMETOV Kuanysh L. , AKHTARIEVA Raziya F. , SHAPIROVA Railya R.
Published: August 2021

The relevance of the study is in the fact that modern school and university teachers are limited by the frameworks of one discipline and thus their professional growth is only limited by the gradual recitation of the provisions of one or another subject in the senior school not allowing them developing interdisciplinary courses. The authors of the paper consider the problem much deeper and define that the teachers’ opportunity to increase their professional knowledge is based on the provision of the necessary preparation of teachers in order to not only let them teach their own discipline but also to let them implement the interdisciplinary approach. The novelty of the paper is in the fact that it does not say that the teacher should give several courses and thus have the idea of the structure of some or other discipline. For the authors of the paper, the main component is the need in the preparation of the senior school teacher of both technical and humanitarian disciplines, which allows precisely demonstrating the interdisciplinary connections in the process of education. The paper reveals the parameters of such qualification and presents the model that allows assessing the extent teachers may apply the obtained knowledge in practice. The implementation of the paper’s provision in the field of the pedagogical practice is seen by the authors in the development of the programs of the professional preparation of teachers in the process of their work and further improvement of their professional knowledge.
SOFTWARE COMPLEX FOR SOLVING THE DIFFERENT TASKS OF PHYSICAL GAS DYNAMICS
Authors: SEVERINA Natalia S.
Published: August 2021

This article is relevant due to the fact that The complexity of scientific problems solved by the methods of physical and mathematical modeling, the increasing requirements for the accuracy of their solution leads to an increase in the volume of data processed during the computational experiments. The aim of the work is to reduce the monetary and time costs for the work of scientific personnel which arise when using the weakly structured software that requires a large number of secondary activities not related to the activity on the performance of calculations, as well as providing the means of data exchange between the related research areas. This article discusses a computational algorithm and a set of software tools for modeling the fine structure of non-stationary multicomponent reactive gas flows and provides the structure of the complex, as well as the description of individual elements, and examples. A set of software tools for providing the numerical modeling of problems in the physical gas dynamics, including the graphic and information components supporting the resource-intensive stages of computational experiments is described. The complex of software tools consists of a graphical shell of control elements of the system; database of thermodynamic properties of substances and kinetic mechanisms, and the graphical interface for controlling it; module visualization of the results of solving computational problems; software components of the automated preparation of input data for the problem of modeling unsteady flows of the reacting gas. The developed set of programs can be used to solve the problems of the reacting gas dynamics, which are of practical importance, as well as the illustrator of training courses in the physical gas dynamics.
THE ROLE OF INFLAMMATORY MARKERS IN THE EVALUATION OF MYOCARDIUM ALTERATIONS, DIAGNOSTICS AND PROGNOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS
Authors: FEDOROVA T. A , TAZINA S. I , SEMENENKO N. A , MAMONOV A. V , SOTNIKOVA T. I
Published: August 2021

The results of the examination of 121 patients with infective endocarditis (IE), who received inpatient treatment at the Botkin State Clinical Hospital from 2008 to 2016, were presented in the article. The obtained data on primary and secondary IE with complicated and uncomplicated disease development was analyzed. Diagnostic significance of the dynamic assays of the highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hsСRP), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), and highly sensitive troponin I (hsTnI) in the evaluation of the infective toxic process activity, disease severity, and complications were identified. The obtained results indicate the high informative value of the dynamic assay of the levels of TNFα, hsСRP, and hsTnI in patients with IE. The authors established the correlation between the levels of the markers, and the expression of toxic and infectious syndrome manifestations, severity of the disease, and development of complications. A direct correlation was established between the increase in the pro-inflammatory cytokines levels and hsTnI level. It was shown that the increase in troponin concentration corresponded to the expressed morphofunctional alterations in patients with severe HF. Morphological study of the cardiomyocyte destruction revealed the formation of focal dystrophy, development of focal and diffuse fibrosis, indicated on the non-coronarogenic myocardium damage in patients with IE. The myocardium alterations were caused by many factors (hypoxia, microcirculation failure, permeability disorders, etc.), and the cytotoxic effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines, in particular, TNFα, played an essential role in their development. Myocardium alterations, along with the valve destruction, become an important part of the pathogenesis of hemodynamic disorders in patients with IE.
NEW METHODS FOR STUDYING THE ACTIVITY OF SEMIAQUATIC MAMMALS
Authors: ANDREYCHEV A.
Published: August 2021

A new method for studying the activity of semiaquatic mammals using digital portable voice recorders has been developed. Previously, actographs and night-vision devices were used to study semiaquatic mammals near their burrows. This method allows the mammal activity registration directly in the burrows. The use of voice recorders makes it possible to accurately determine whether the burrow system is inhabited or non-inhabited. In addition, it has become possible to identify the day-night time intervals during which the animals are the most or least active. The new method was tested on the Russian desman (Desmana moschata). Therefore, to identify the burrows in which the recorders were to be installed, the burrows were probed. A probe is a pole pointed at one end with a T-shaped handle at the other end. The researcher's task is to detect the entrance to the burrow, usually under water. And then the direction of the underground passage is determined by means of the probe. For this purpose, the ground is pierced to detect the hollows in the burrow with the probe starting from the burrow entrance (the probe falls through unevenly). At a distance of 2–3 meters from the burrow, in some cases largely depending on the burrow length, the ground is dug up above the burrow in the form of a small well, 10–15 cm in diameter. A digital voice recorder was placed vertically in this well, so that the microphone was directed down towards the burrow. Desman noises can be characterized as short series formed as a sequence of contiguous short peaks of 15–25 seconds with 5 second interruptions formed by regular waves of breathing and its movement noises. Desman noises differ by mean amplitude and duration on oscillograms. As a rule, the noise audibility ranges from 1 to 3 minutes.
PREPARATION OF FUTURE TEACHERS TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF NEW PEDAGOGICAL APPROACHES IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE RENEWED CONTENTS OF SCHOOL EDUCATION
Authors: UMIRBEKOVA Aizat K. , TOKSONBAEV Ryskeldi N. , ABITAYEVA Roza Sh. , AKHMETKARIMOVA Kulbarshin S.
Published: August 2021

The relevance of the research issue is caused by the transition to the 12-year educational period at school and insufficient elaboration of the theoretical and scientific-methodical support of the preparation of future teachers to the implementation of new pedagogical approaches in the conditions of renewed standards of general education. So, the objective of the paper is to develop the structure-conceptual model for preparation of future teachers to the implementation of new pedagogical approaches in the conditions of renewed contents of the general secondary education in the aspect of the system-activity approach providing an opportunity to consider the ways the future teachers may independently design their cognitive capacities by their own actions in the process of practice. The leading research method is modeling that allows designing the process of preparation of future teachers to the implementation of new pedagogical approaches in the 12-year school period based on analysis, synthesis, surveys, observations, experiment, processing of the results with the methods of mathematical statistics. The paper presents the structure-conceptual model for the preparation of future teachers to the implementation of new pedagogical approaches in the conditions of renewed contents of school education, reflecting the stages, contents, targets, tasks and expected results of the experiment, as well as the value-based motivation, contents and process components, criteria and possible levels. The implementation of the model implies the professional testing of future teachers in the professional activities in the conditions of renewed standards of general education at school and is focused on testing of the scientific-methodical support and the support of their preparation process to the implementation of new pedagogical approaches. The materials of the paper imply the practical significance for the university teachers of the pedagogical specializations.
THE STATE OF THE RED BLOOD CELL MEMBRANE IN IRON DEFICIENCY ANAEMIA IN WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE
Authors: ARYSTAN Leila I. , MULDAEVA Gulmira M. , HAYDARGALIEVA Leila S. , PAKHOMOVA Damira K. , ISKAKOV Yernar B.
Published: August 2021

The problem of iron deficiency is urgent in many countries, regardless of the socio-economic standards of living. Among biomedical problems, the study of biochemical blood parameters is of paramount importance. A great interest in various aspects of this issue is not accidental, since the transport function of the blood largely depends on it and, consequently, the efficient delivery of oxygen, glucose, amino acids, fats, vitamins, mineral salts, hormones, mediators, antibodies and metabolites to the micro-zones in the tissues. The purpose of this article is to study the hematological status and the state of the red blood cell membrane in women of reproductive age suffering from iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a combination of clinical and hematological symptoms characterized by impaired hemoglobin formation due to iron deficiency in serum and bone marrow, as well as the development of trophic disorders in the organs and tissues. During the study, a complete blood count was performed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, using the kits produced by JSC Vector-Best, and the Kamyshnikov method. Based on the results of the study of the erythrocyte sorption capacity (ESC) in women of reproductive age with IDA, it was established that this parameter is 1.2 times higher than that in the control group. The development of anemia is associated with significant changes in the osmotic stability of the erythrocytes, which results in an increase in the proportion of both unstable and high-resistance erythrocytes. The scientific novelty of the article is that the authors established the key parameters for iron deficiency anemia detection.
METHOD FOR OBTAINING A PROTEIN-VITAMIN CONCENTRATE FOR DISEASE PREVENTION IN FARM ANIMALS
Authors: SAVVINOVA Margarita S. , PROTODYAKONOVA Galina P. , POPOVA Nadezhda V. , TATARINOVA Zinaida G. , PAVLOVA Alexsandra I.
Published: August 2021

Regional feed supplies in Yakutia include hay stocks, succulent feeds, as well as own production and import of concentrated feeds to the republic. Main winter feeds include hay, silage, and haylage; in summer grass of natural pastures is available. Annual provision of livestock with nutrients reaches 60-65% of normal, which is a limiting factor for the development of the genetic potential of local cattle breeds in Yakutia. Understanding of general patterns in digestive processes and physiological and biochemical mechanisms of assimilation of nutrients was based on the results of the studies of domestic ruminant animals (cattle, sheep). Issues of increasing feed security remain urgent for agro-industrial production. The authors describe in detail a method of obtaining a protein-vitamin concentrate having pharmacological properties. Most of these processes involve gas components, liquid or solid substances. Complex hydrodynamic, thermal, and mass exchange processes occur simultaneously in fermenters. A method for expanding the production of feed protein using a combination of hydrodynamic and mass transfer characteristics and parameters with simultaneous optimization of the fermenter design and its operation modes is proposed, taking into account minimum energy consumption for oxygen dissolution and biomass production, based on technical capacity. Various types of devices are currently available; basically, they provide oxygen supply, as it is an integral part of device design, for the cultivation of microorganisms based on microbial synthesis. It should be emphasized that a fermenter is the main device of any microbiological production and largely determines its economic effectiveness. The obtained results will allow considerable acceleration of finalizing works for the development and improvement of perspective fermenter designs.
COMPARATIVE INVESTIGATION OF MODELING TECHNIQUES FOR PREDICTION OF STATIC FRICTION COEFFICIENT OF SOME MEDICINAL PLANT SEEDS
Authors: ASHARI Sahar
Published: August 2021

The static friction coefficient (SFC) of some medicinal plant seeds was determined as affected by moisture content and contact surface. Obtained data were subjected to analysis of variance to investigate the effect of main treatments on SFC. Single linear regression (SLR) and intelligent modeling techniques (artificial neural network (ANN) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS)) were applied for SFC prediction based on changes in moisture content, the contact surface, and the seed type. The modeling capability of three model types was compared based on the comparison of the coefficient of determination (R2), root mean square error (RMSE), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). The results demonstrated that moisture content, the contact surface, and seed type significantly affected SFC (P0.01). The SFC increased as moisture content increased. Modeling results demonstrated that the best ANFIS model with obtained R2=0.982, RMSE=0.00138, and MAPE=1.258% was more suitable than the best ANN model and 25 individual SLR models for the SFC prediction.
BIOSYNTHESIS OF PROTEINASES AND PECTINASES BY WINE YEASTS
Authors: AGEEVA Natalia M. , BIRYUKOV Aleksandr P. , AWANESIANZ Rafail W.
Published: August 2021

The relevance of research is determined by the need to use the biological potential of wine yeast to improve the quality of wines and ensure their stability against colloidal turbidity. The purpose of the research is to determine the activity of enzyme systems, proteinases,and pectinases, synthesized by wine yeast during alcohol fermentation and autolysis, depending on their race and the duration of contact of the wine material with yeast biomass. To determine the enzyme activity, yeasts of different strains were incubated on media containing the following substrates: albumin for proteinases, apple pectin for pectinases. The biosynthesis of proteinases and pectinases by various races of wine yeast was studied as well as their secretion into wine material. The research has shown that the activity of proteinases in the cell biomass and wine materials varies widely depending on the race of the yeast, which is explained by their genetic characteristics. The absence of a correlation between the activity of proteinases in yeast biomass and wine material has been established. For the first time, it has been shown that the biomass of active dry yeast cells has a large supply of proteinases in comparison with the yeast starters of races produced in Russia. The activity of pectinases in yeast biomass is significantly less than the activity of proteinases, which is due to a lower concentration of the substrate - pectin substances. The paper suggests several interpretations of the mechanisms of biochemical processes occurring during the contact of yeast biomass and wine materials. The paper contains experimental data on the effect of proteinases and pectinases synthesized by wine yeast on the composition of wine biopolymers. The study identifies the yeast strains that actively hydrolyze the high-molecular components of wine and complexes of biopolymers, and prolong the resistance of wines to colloidal turbidity.
BUDGET IMPACT ANALYSIS OF ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS IN THE HOSPITAL TREATMENT OF SCHIZOPHRENIA
Authors: MAKSIMKINA E. A. , VASKOVA L. B. , MUSINA N. Z. , TIAPKINA M. V.
Published: August 2021

The aim of the study was to perform a complex pharmacoepidemiological (???/DDD method of the WHO) and pharmacoeconomic analysis of the influence of APDs on a budget of in-patient psychiatric facilities. The present study was based on the WHO methodology on drug statistics (ATC/DDD-analysis) and budget impact analysis. The authors developed the tool of cost calculation via the cost of 1 DDD, which can be used at planning hospital budget on drugs. Costs for drugs were estimated from the national hospitals’ sources (2015). Initially, 8.5% of patients were treated with atypical long-acting injectable fluphenazine (FLU LAI) and 13% with oral chlorpromazine (CHL). The results of the study showed that FLU LAI had lower a cost of therapy, calculated per DDD dose, and was more effective in preventing relapse in schizophrenic patients in comparison with CHL (OR 0.31, CI 95% 0.11-0.88). If the proportion of patients, receiving FLU LAI increases by 1% while the proportion of patients, receiving CHL decreases by the same 1%, the total costs of medicines will decrease by 0.1%. If the proportion of patients treated with FLU LAI increases by 5% and 10% (and CHL decreases in the same proportion) the budget economy will be 0.5% and 1%, respectively. The proposed approach can be used for budget impact pharmacoeconomic analysis during budget planning at in-patient psychiatric facilities.