bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patient Safety: A Shared Responsibility
Authors: Ballard Karen
Published: March 2022

Patient safety is an essential and vital component of quality nursing care. However, the nation’s health care system is prone to errors, and can be detrimental to safe patient care, as a result of basic systems flaws. A variety of stakeholders (society in general; patients; individual nurses; nursing educators, administrators, and researchers; physicians; governments and legislative bodies; professional associations; and accrediting agencies) are responsible for ensuring that patient care is safely delivered and that no harm occurs to patients. The responsibility of these stakeholders in addressing patient safety in the context of a nursing shortage is discussed, along with specific actions they have taken, and can continue to take, to promote safe care.
Portrait de la professionnalisation en contextes francophones
Authors: Bagan Degnon
Published: March 2022

Cette recherche qualitative exploratoire se centre sur l’Université de Lomé au Togo, notamment sur la posture réflexive des enseignants-chercheurs vis-à-vis de leurs pratiques pédagogiques. Nous avons analysé les propos de dix enseignants de la Faculté des sciences de l’homme et de la société, au travers de l’articulation de la dynamique de la professionnalisation de Perrenoud (2010) et de la dynamique de l’innovation pédagogique de De Ketele (2010). Les résultats montrent une absence de réflexions et d’innovations de fond dans leurs pratiques, un manque de formation durable à leur intention en vue d’une intervention efficace dans l’enseignement universitaire.
Vers un leadership territorial. Missions et rôles des organisations publiques territoriales (OPT)
Authors: Arnaud Charlène , Soldo Edina
Published: March 2022

Cette recherche, positionnée en sciences de gestion, s’appuie sur une démarche exploratoire hybride. Au regard de l’expérience du territoire du Pays d’Aix dans le portage d’un projet de territoire – le développement et la structuration d’une filière musiques actuelles locale – il est proposé ici un modèle intégrateur du leadership territorial . Ce dernier s’articule autour de trois dimensions (être au service des parties prenantes territoriales, être un transformateur local, être un leader collaboratif), interdépendantes, permettant de questionner les rôles et missions des organisations publiques dans la mise en œuvre de projets de territoire. Remarques à l’intention des praticiens Cette recherche vise à questionner la capacité d’une collectivité territoriale à s’emparer d’un leadership sur son territoire d’action. La construction théorique menée ainsi que ses implications managériales sont destinées à la fois aux élus locaux et aux managers territoriaux. Elles peuvent, indirectement, intéresser également les différentes parties prenantes territoriales qui verront là des éléments clés de compréhension des collectivités territoriales. Le leadership territorial est un processus qui se construit autour de différentes dimensions, interdépendantes et s’appuie sur des projets de territoire.
Impact of COVID-19 on the Level of Work Engagement of Nurses at a Small, Rural Hospital
Authors: Courson Sadie , Breen Katherine , Smith Jamie , Flynn Abigail , Evans Jessi , Moffitt Rachel , Staake Christine , McPherson Sara
Published: March 2022

Background

There is a severe nursing shortage. Nurses are experiencing pressure, stress, and negative effects on their mental health from the ongoing pandemic. Understanding how their work engagement has been affected is essential.

Method

A descriptive, cross-sectional design was used. A survey plus the Fear of COVID-19 scale, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, and three open-ended questions were used.

Results

Participants (
n
= 107) were mostly female, had a bachelor degree or higher, worked full-time, had access to personal protective equipment, and followed Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines. Receiving education about COVID-19 and feeling that the hospital provided adequate education were correlated with engagement scores. The type of education significantly correlated with engagement scores, with in-service education having the highest scores.

Conclusion

Understanding the needs of nurses during a pandemic is critical to engaging and retaining them. This study provides information that may be beneficial in future health crises.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2022;53(4):157–164.]
Korean Family Caregivers' Experiences With Managing Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia: Keeping Harmony in Daily Life
Authors: Kim Jiyeon , Song Jun-Ah , Jung Sua , Cheon Hongjin , Kim Jiyeon
Published: March 2022

Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are symptoms of dementia that family caregivers find difficult to manage. Competence in managing BPSD differs according to individual family caregiver. The current study investigated the competence in managing BPSD, focusing on family caregivers who were recognized as managing them well. Twenty-four Korean family caregivers (83% female, mean age = 67 years) living with persons with dementia (PWD) were interviewed. Four themes were derived from the content analysis:
Entering and Looking into the World of PWD
,
Keeping Daily Life in Harmony With BPSD
,
Becoming an Expert in BPSD
, and
Balancing Between Caregiving and Myself
. Family caregivers minimized the impact of BPSD and maintained life balance. As a result, they were able to continue a harmonious life with PWD. [
Research in Gerontological Nursing, 15
(3), 141–150.]
A nonautonomous chemostat model for the growth of gut microbiome with varying nutrient
Authors: Hall Brittni , Han Xiaoying , Kloeden Peter E. , Wyk Hans-Werner van
Published: March 2022

A mathematical model describing the growth of gut microbiome inside and on the wall of the gut is developed based on the chemostat model with wall growth. Both the concentration and flow rate of the nutrient input are time-dependent, which results in a system of non-autonomous differential equations. First the stability of each meaningful equilibrium is studied for the autonomous counterpart. Then the existence of pullback attractors and its detailed structures for the nonautonomous system are investigated using theory and techniques of nonautonomous dynamical systems. In particular, sufficient conditions under which the microbiome vanishes or persists are constructed. Numerical simulations are provided to illustrate the theoretical results.
Carbon tax as the most appropriate carbon pricing mechanism for developing countries and strategies to design an effective policy
Authors: Muhammad Izlawanie
Published: March 2022

The global consensus on the threat of climate change risk leads to an agreement to mitigate higher greenhouse gas emissions and limit global mean temperature rise to below 2 ℃ and, ideally, below 1.5 ℃ by 2050. In achieving the mean temperature target, international organisations like the World Bank, Organisation of Economic Co-operation Development and United Nations strongly suggest that policymakers implement a carbon pricing policy. A carbon tax is a market-based policy that has gained attention from many policymakers to reduce carbon emissions and increase the government's revenue. Designing a feasible carbon tax framework is crucial to ensure effectiveness and public acceptability. However, policy design in developing countries may be more complicated than in developed countries due to insufficient income and resources, social inequity, and poverty. This paper discusses the features of a carbon tax and the dimensions of designing an effective carbon tax policy for developing nations. A simplified framework for carbon tax implementation in developing countries is provided. The framework should be a foundation for developing countries to implement and develop a feasible and acceptable carbon tax policy.
An iterative spectral strategy for fractional-order weakly singular integro-partial differential equations with time and space delays
Authors: Usman M. , Zubair T. , Imtiaz J. , Wan C. , Wu W.
Published: March 2022

This study aims at extending and implementing an iterative spectral scheme for fractional-order unsteady nonlinear integro-partial differential equations with weakly singular kernel. In this scheme, the unknown function u(x, t) is estimated by using shifted Gegenbauer polynomials vector Λ(x, t), and Picard iterative scheme is used to handle underlying nonlinearities. Some novel operational matrices are developed for the first time in order to approximate the singular integral like, $ \int_0^x {\int_0^y {u(p{a_1} + {b_1}, q{a_2} + {b_2}, t)/{{({x^{{\rho _1}}} - {p^{{\rho _1}}})}^{{\alpha _1}}}{{({y^{{\rho _2}}} - {q^{{\rho _2}}})}^{{\alpha _2}}}{\text{d}}q{\text{d}}p} } $ \end{document} and $ \int_0^t {{u^\gamma }({\bf{x}}, \xi)/{{({t^{{\rho _3}}} - {\xi ^{{\rho _3}}})}^{{\alpha _3}}}{\text{d}}\xi } $, where ρ's > 1, 0 < α's < 1 by means of shifted Gegenbauer polynomials vector. The advantage of this extended method is its ability to convert nonlinear problems into systems of linear algebraic equations. A computer program in Maple for the proposed scheme is developed for a sample problem, and we validate it to compare the results with existing results. Six new problems are also solved to illustrate the effectiveness of this extended computational method. A number of simulations are performed for different ranges of the nonlinearity n, α, fractional-order, ρ, and convergence control M, parameters. Our results demonstrate that the extended scheme is stable, accurate, and appropriate to find solutions of complex problems with inherent nonlinearities.
Improved algorithms for determining the injectivity of 2D and 3D rational Bézier curves
Authors: Zhao Xuanyi , Li Jinggai , Wang Ying , Zhu Chungang
Published: March 2022

Bézier curves and surfaces are important to computer-aided design applications. This paper presents algorithms for checking the injectivity of 2D and 3D Bézier curves. An injective Bézier curve or surface is one that has no self-intersections. The proposed algorithms use recently proposed sufficient and necessary conditions under which Bézier curves are guaranteed to be non-self-intersecting. As well as a rigorous derivation of the proposed algorithms, we present a series of examples and derive the complexity and computation times of the proposed algorithms. We find that the complexity our algorithms is approximately $ O(m) $, representing an improvement over previous injectivity-checking algorithms.
Conditionally oscillatory linear differential equations with coefficients containing powers of natural logarithm
Authors: Hasil Petr , Veselý Michal
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we study linear differential equations whose coefficients consist of products of powers of natural logarithm and very general continuous functions. Recently, using the Riccati transformation, we have identified a new type of conditionally oscillatory linear differential equations together with the critical oscillation constant. The studied equations are a generalization of these equations. Applying the modified Prüfer angle, we prove that they remain conditionally oscillatory with the same critical oscillation constant.
On the $ \{2\} $-domination number of graphs
Authors: Cabrera-Martínez Abel , Peiró Andrea Conchado
Published: March 2022

Let $ G $ be a nontrivial graph and $ k\geq 1 $ an integer. Given a vector of nonnegative integers $ w = (w_0, \ldots, w_k) $, a function $ f: V(G)\rightarrow \{0, \ldots, k\} $ is a $ w $-dominating function on $ G $ if $ f(N(v))\geq w_i $ for every $ v\in V(G) $ such that $ f(v) = i $. The $ w $-domination number of $ G $, denoted by $ \gamma_{w}(G) $, is the minimum weight $ \omega(f) = \sum_{v\in V(G)}f(v) $ among all $ w $-dominating functions on $ G $. In particular, the $ \{2\} $-domination number of a graph $ G $ is defined as $ \gamma_{\{2\}}(G) = \gamma_{(2, 1, 0)}(G) $. In this paper we continue with the study of the $ \{2\} $-domination number of graphs. In particular, we obtain new tight bounds on this parameter and provide closed formulas for some specific families of graphs.
A chaotic self-adaptive JAYA algorithm for parameter extraction of photovoltaic models
Authors: Zhao Juan , Zhang Yujun , Li Shuijia , Wang Yufei , Yan Yuxin , Gao Zhengming
Published: March 2022

In order to have the highest efficiency in real-life photovoltaic power generation systems, how to model, optimize and control photovoltaic systems has become a challenge. The photovoltaic power generation systems are dominated by photovoltaic models, and its performance depends on its unknown parameters. However, the modeling equation of the photovoltaic model is nonlinear, leading to the difficulty in parameter extraction. To extract the parameters of the photovoltaic model more accurately and efficiently, a chaotic self-adaptive JAYA algorithm, called AHJAYA, was proposed, where various improvement strategies are introduced. First, self-adaptive coefficients are introduced to change the priority of information from the best search agent and the worst search agent. Second, by combining the linear population reduction strategy with the chaotic opposition-based learning strategy, the convergence speed of the algorithm is improved as well as avoid falling into local optimum. To verify the performance of the AHJAYA, four photovoltaic models are selected. The experimental results prove that the proposed AHJAYA has superior performance and strong competitiveness.
A comparative evaluation of chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of essential oils extracted from different chemotypes of Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl
Authors: Wan N. , Li Y. , Huang X.Y. , Li Y.H. , Zheng Q. , Wu Z.F.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine the chemical composition of the essential oils of Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl leaves (CCPL) from 5 different habitats in China by GC-MS, and to evaluate their antimicrobial activities against 3 foodborne pathogens, using a paper disc diffusion method. A total of 30 compounds were identified with a predominance of oxygenated monoterpenes, including linalool (42.65%-96.47%), eucalyptol (39.07%-55.35%) and camphor (26.08%) as well as monoterpene hydrocarbons such as sabinene (6.18%-12.93%) and α-terpineol (8.19%-13.81%). Through cluster analysis, CCPL from 5 different habitats can be well divided into 2 categories. Combining with principal component analysis, the habitats can be better correlated with the chemical constituents of the essential oils. The antimicrobial activities of 5 extracted essential oils against 2 gram-negative bacteria and one gram-positive bacteria were assessed. It showed that the essential oil extracted from the CCPL harvested in Jinxi had the strongest antibacterial property. The results of this study provided basis for resource identification of CCPL and quality difference identification of essential oils. Research on the antibacterial properties of several pathogenic strains has proved its application value as a natural food preservative.
Antioxidant activity, polyphenolic composition and in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities of tea seed oil
Authors: Ruto H.K. , Yugi J.O. , Ochanda S.O. , Bii C.
Published: March 2022

The polyphenolic composition and antioxidant activity of tea seed oil from C. sinensis TRFK 301/5 (green colored) and TRFK 306 (purple colored) and C. oleifera were evaluated. The total polyphenolic content, total catechins and catechin fractions were significantly different in the oils. C. oleifera contained significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher amounts of catechins and polyphenols than C. sinensis. C. oleifera also exhibited a higher DPPH radical scavenging activity (18.81 ± 0.46%) compared to C. sinensis (TRFK 306; 15.98 ± 0.13 and TRFK 301/5; 14.73 ± 0.47%). The antimicrobial activities of tea seed oil and two selected oils (olive and eucalyptus oil), were also evaluated against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candinda albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. S. aureus was significantly inhibited by the oils compared to E. coli. The oils inhibited the growth of T. mentagrophytes and C. albicans, although they had no effect on C. neoformans. Tea seed oil is a potential source of beneficial phytochemicals and potent antimicrobial agents.
Figures du moi et environnement naturel au xviiie siècle
Authors: Guichet Jean-Luc
Published: March 2022

Cet ouvrage relie deux notions fondamentales des Lumières : d’une part, le moi et, d’autre part, la nature proche, en rapport vécu avec l’homme, qui correspond avec quelques nuances à ce qu’on appelle aujourd’hui « environnement ». Si ces deux notions ont souvent déjà été étudiées, c’est soit en les mêlant à d’autres, telles le sujet ou l’individu pour le moi, soit en les reportant sur la nature, le « sentiment de la nature » ou la généalogie de l’écologie pour l’environnement, et, surtout, sans prendre particulièrement en compte leur lien mutuel. Or, au sortir du xviie siècle, le moi, dépouillé par la critique philosophique de son armature interne d’âme ou de substance, est en quête d’une matrice pour se penser sur un mode désormais non essentialiste. C’est alors en se projetant dans des types de rapport qu’il pourra produire de nouveaux modèles d’intelligibilité de lui-même, participant ainsi indirectement de la genèse de l’anthropologie en cours : qu’il s’agisse du moi fragile, exposé aux déterminismes extérieurs et foncièrement incertain de lui-même ; du moi cadré, observant un ordre fixé par une volonté surplombante, souvent - mais pas toujours - celle de Dieu lui-même ; du moi fort, maître d’une nature à administrer et de climats à transformer (mais susceptible aussi de formes plus originales) ; ou enfin du moi saturé, débordé par une capacité d’émotion se projetant à travers l’extériorité naturelle.
Ces différentes figures - qui se croisent et se combinent chez Locke, Hume, Condillac, Dubos, Montesquieu, Volney, Linné, Diderot, Buffon, Marivaux, Prévost, Rousseau, Bernardin de Saint-Pierre et bien d’autres encore -, loin de types rigides et séparés, sont autant de visages du même moi multiple, celui de la modernité et peu ou prou toujours le nôtre. Cette reconfiguration fondamentale opérée au xviiie siècle, nouant le destin du moi à son environnement, installe un terrain de sensibilité qui permettra aux siècles suivants, malgré tous les obstacles, retards et difficultés, la réception de l’écologie scientifique, puis politique et enfin aujourd’hui éthique, horizon irréductible à une simple nécessité extérieure et fonctionnelle.
La notion de jouissance chez Spinoza
Authors: Cortés Juan Vicente
Published: March 2022

Bien que marginale, la notion de jouissance joue un rôle fondamental dans le programme philosophique de Spinoza. Si certains commentateurs se sont penchés sur cette notion notamment à partir de l’étude de l’affect de gaudium, leurs études sont centrées uniquement sur les problèmes que ce dernier peut poser à l’éthique spinozienne. Ils passent ainsi sous silence le rôle structural de la notion de jouissance, qui se dévoile pourtant à qui prête attention à son champ lexical.

Ce livre délie la trame complexe que forment les termes gaudium, fruitio, delectatio et obtinentia dans la philosophie de Spinoza, pour rendre possible une reconstruction du concept de jouissance. La notion de jouissance n’est, en effet, pas réductible à l’affect passif de joie, dénommé gaudium et défini en Éthique III, ni même à un simple affect, actif ou passif. Quelle est donc la vraie place de la jouissance dans le système de Spinoza ? Qui jouit ? De quoi jouit-on ? Voici quelques-unes des questions que ce livre s’efforce d’éclairer, en parcourant des chemins divers – analyse lexicale, reconstruction conceptuelle, comparaison structurale –, toujours à partir de textes précis pris dans l’ensemble de l’œuvre du philosophe.
Les mondes du voyageur
Authors: Gallegos Gabilondo Simón
Published: March 2022

Qu’est-ce que l’exploration ? Comment se présente-t-elle dans les voyages qui ont dessiné la cartographie du monde moderne de la Renaissance aux Lumières ? Par l’étude d’un corpus portant sur le Nouveau Monde et le Continent austral, cet ouvrage analyse le rapport avec le nouveau et l’inconnu. Il a pour but de montrer que l’épistémologie de l’exploration est un champ sui generis à travers lequel se laisse ressaisir l’âge classique. Trois pôles organisent ce champ. La géographie, d’abord, avec la terra incognita de l’exploration comme lieu paradoxal, horizon de sens et prisme philosophique de Bacon à d’Alembert. L’anthropologie, ensuite, avec les récits de voyageurs qui affirment avoir bel et bien vu des géants et la grande polémique sur l’existence de ces derniers qui court d’Acosta à Buffon. Le temps, enfin, avec la réflexion sur le vieillissement du monde, l’appauvrissement de la nature et la gigantum demonstratio chez Vico. Cette histoire philosophique de l’exploration construit bien un moment singulier qui prend fin avec la conviction que le globe est désormais connu. Alors, quand il n’y a plus rien à savoir de ce monde, c’est le savoir lui-même qui doit se penser autrement.
Thomas Hobbes et l’histoire
Authors: Dubos Nicolas
Published: March 2022

Hobbes est souvent perçu comme un philosophe indifférent à l’histoire. L’objet de ce livre consiste à réviser cette lecture en dégageant l’intérêt des rapports qu’entretiennent, en particulier dans le Léviathan, système philosophique et récit historique.

Car il y a bien un « problème de l’histoire » chez Hobbes. L’histoire dans tous ses champs, civils et sacrés, antiques et modernes, narratifs et exégétiques, l’a occupé toute sa vie. Surtout, il a lesté le Léviathan de contenus historiques qui forment plus de la moitié de son volume. Mieux, vingt ans après son traité majeur, il s’est fait historien de la guerre civile anglaise, avec le Béhémoth. Il affirme pourtant, dans tous ses grands traités, que l’objet de la philosophie politique consiste à atteindre les principes anhistoriques de la souveraineté et de l’obéissance. Le présent ouvrage s’attache à défaire cette difficulté en montrant que s’il sépare méthodiquement système et récits, Hobbes les articule toujours dans l’unité de ses questions fondamentales.
Forfaiture de Cecil B. DeMille
Authors: Véray Laurent
Published: March 2022

En 1916, le film Forfaiture (The Cheat), de Cecil B. DeMille, est projeté pour la première fois sur les écrans français. Ce drame mondain, situé dans l’Amérique contemporaine, met en scène un riche Japonais marquant au fer rouge une jeune femme qui se refuse à lui. L’œuvre suscite immédiatement un énorme engouement de la part du public comme de la critique, notamment grâce à la performance exceptionnelle de l’acteur Sessue Hayakawa. Elle déclenche, avec ses clairs-obscurs audacieux, une véritable révolution esthétique dans l’Hexagone. Pourtant, le film est progressivement mis à l’écart, pour finalement tomber dans un relatif oubli. Partant de cet étonnant constat, Laurent Véray se livre dans cet ouvrage à une interprétation de l’extraordinaire réception de Forfaiture en France. Il s’appuie sur l’analyse du film, du discours critique et des multiples œuvres qu’il a inspirées (en particulier le remake de Marcel L’Herbier en 1937), afin de comprendre comment ce film a conditionné, à sa façon, l’avenir du cinéma français.
Improving Surface Hardness of AISI H13 Steel by Pack Nitriding
Authors: Dianes Felisca Melin , Ryan Muhammad R. , Supriadi Muhammad Rafli , Halim Reyza , Nugraha Yanuar , Alfirano Alfirano
Published: March 2022

This study investigated the effect of degree of availability (d.o.a) of nitrogen and time on increasing the surface hardness of AISI H13 steel using pack nitriding. Urea (46 % N) and ZA (21% N) were selected as a nitrogen source. In this study, hardening was carried out at a temperature of 1030°C then held for 3 hours and continued to quenching with 19 bar nitrogen. Nitriding process used the in-pack process by which the specimens were buried in the urea and ZA powder charged into a nitriding box. Pack nitriding was performed in a vacuum furnace at 600°C for 2, 4 and 6 hours. The surface of nitride-steels was characterized using microhardness tester, SEM/EDS and XRD. After nitriding process, the hardness of AISI H13 steels was increased up to 1648 HV, with the highest hardness achieved by nitriding process of 6 hours and 0.4 d.o.a, in urea media. The nitrogen was dissolved to the steel and induced precipitation of Fe3N, Fe2N, and αFe. From the calculation based on Arrhenius equation, the activation energy (Q) of 0.4 and 0.3 d.o.a were 1.381 kCal/mol and 1.455 kCal/mol, respectively.
A Preliminary Study of Isolation and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Cellulose from Microcrystalline Cellulose by Acid Hydrolysis Process
Authors: Yudhanto Ferriawan , Sosiati Harini , Yudha Venditias , Syafri Edi
Published: March 2022

This research focuses on the isolation of MCC (microcrystalline cellulose) into NCC (nanocrystalline cellulose) by acid hydrolysis process. The sulfuric acid hydrolysis (44 wt.% H2SO4) aims to fibrillation from MCC into NCC material. NCC has good properties such as high-surface-area, high-aspect-ratio, weight light, and reactive materials. The morphology of NCC was characterized by SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) and TEM. The physical characterization was tested using FTIR, XRD, and TGA. The morphological result showed that the particle size of NCC was more homogeneous with a diameter size of 25±3 nm with 310±5 nm in length. The physical properties of NCC better slightly than MCC, indicated by the increasing crystallinity index value from 74.8 to 76.4%, and it has a high thermal resistance of 330°C.
Manufacture of Wear-Resistant Alloy Co-Cr-Mo for Medical Implant Applications by Nitriding Coating Method
Authors: Setiawan Fandy , Laksono Afgan Puji , Sukma Yollanda Utami , Afif Fardiani Adillah , Supriatna Alda Adelia , Nugraha Yanuar , Alfirano Alfirano
Published: March 2022

Nitrogen doped as-cast Co-Cr-Mo alloy with markedly enhanced hardness and wear resistance was successfully produced by pack nitriding process. Nitriding proses used the in-pack process using urea fertilizer as a nitrogen source. It was carried out with variations in temperature of 400°C, 500°C, 600°C and followed by annealing. The wear resistance of the specimen is tested using pin-on-disk. The total sample will be soaked in the lactic acid solution for 3 days. The results obtained from the After nitriding process, the hardness of of speciment N400 obtained a hardness value of 261.54 HV speciment N500 of 309.68 HV, and speciment N600 of 429.14 HV, the results of the hardness value increased in each speciment. The wear resistance value obtained for each speciment N400, N500, N600 is 2,81 x 10-6 mm3/Nm, 7,50 x 10-7 mm3/Nm, 1,87 x 10-7 mm3/Nm. The nitriding process forms a layer on the surface of the as-cast Co-Cr-Mo, it’s called Layer of Cr-N which is the result of heating/decomposing urea fertilizer into nitrogen gas which can coat the surface so that Cr-N bonds are formed in the layer. The thickness of the Cr-N layer on the N400 specimen is 0.28 mm, N500 is 0.35 mm, N600 is 0.38 mm. In addition, the surface results that have been tested for wear resistance form quite fine scratches but the formation of abrasions, such as abrasion, abrasion groove, delamination, and cohesive failure
Synthesize Fe3O4-TiO2 Composite for Methyl Orange Photocatalytic Degradation
Authors: Kustiningsih Indar , Nurrahman Fajariswaan , Rinaldi Hasby Ashyra , Jumiati Ipah Ema , Sari Denni Kartika , Jayanudin Jayanudin
Published: March 2022

The effect of Fe3O4 percentage on Fe3O4-TiO2 composite for methyl orange photocatalytic degradation has been investigated. Hydrothermal was carried out on TiO2 before being combined with Fe3O4 by precipitation method. The composites were characterized by means of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-Vis diffuse and reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS). The photocatalytic activity of Fe3O4-TiO2 composites were evaluated for methyl orange degradation. The addition of Fe3O4 to TiO2 could reduce the bandgap energy. The lowest bandgap energy was obtained at 20% Fe3O4-TiO2 composite. By using this composited, the degradation of methyl orange was 90%.
Copper Layer on an Aluminum Door Frame to Prevent Spread of Bacteria
Authors: Partuti Tri , Hasanah Indah Uswatun , Suwandana Rahman Faiz , Dwiyanti Yanyan , Alhamidi Ahmad Ali
Published: March 2022

The spread of disease by bacteria and viruses is very susceptible to outbreaks in public facilities through direct and indirect contact. Indirect contact occurs through intermediate such as housing equipment made of aluminum. One thing that people touch the most is door handles and frames. Aluminum frames are generally anodized to give a color effect because painted directly is difficult. Anodized products generally have a pore structure so that they can easily become an ideal place to grow and colonize bacteria and viruses. To overcome this, the coating process is carried out by electroplating. In this study, aluminum was treated with anodization and non-anodization. The concentration of sulfuric acid solution used was 0.5 M; 1M and 2M. The current used is 0.6A; 0.9A and 1.2M. Increasing the sulfuric acid concentration will increase the efficiency of the cathodic current and increase the mass of the deposit per unit area. Observation of the microstructure with an optical microscope shows the structure formed is dendritic in which the nucleus is continuous. The smooth and flat surface makes aluminum safe to be used and does not become a medium for bacteria or viruses to stick at aluminum surfaces.
Optimizing the Surface Roughness AISI 4340 Steel on Turning Process under Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL)
Authors: Ramadhani Mochamad Bayu , Darsin Mahros , Qoryah Rika Dwi Hidayatul , Basuki Hari Arbiantara , Junus Salahuddin , Hermawan Yuni
Published: March 2022

Application of cutting fluids in machining can improve machinability but it may danger to the environment. An alternative to reduce this bad effect is by using minimum quantity lubrication (MQL). This study aims to determine the most optimal parameters in the AISI 4340 steel turning machining process to produce the best surface roughness with MQL conditions. The design method used is the Taguchi orthogonal array L9 ). The combined parameters are depth of cut, cutting speed, method of giving cutting fluid and feed rate. Based on the mean response value, it can be concluded that to get the most optimal results of surface roughness, the parameters are depth of cut 1.8 mm, cutting speed 120.89 m/min, method of giving cutting fluid by MQL method and feed rate 0.122 mm/rev. While the percentage contribution of the feed rate has the largest percentage, namely 57,02% and the cutting fluid method 41,33%.
Physical and Mechanical Properties of Twin-Wire Arc Spray and Wire Flame Spray Coating on Carbon Steel Surface
Authors: Nurisna Zuhri , Anggoro Sotya , Nur Mujtahid Hidayat
Published: March 2022

Thermal Spray Coating is a material surface engineering process, where the coating material is heated until it melts then the melt is pushed with high-pressure air as individual particles or droplets to a surface. This study compares two thermal spray coating methods, twin-wire arc spray and wire flame spray to measure the level of hardness, coating strength and good quality of the coating and porosity. This study used medium carbon steel AISI 1045 as substrate and coating material with FeCrMnNiCSiSP alloy elements (AISI 420). Testing mechanical properties were undergone by hardness testing and pull-off test to determine the coating's adhesive strength. The microstructures were observed using a microscope to test the physical properties. After analyzing the research results, it can be concluded that the twin-wire arc spray coating process produces an adequate level of hardness and coating strength. Twin-wire arc spray can increase the percentage value of substrate surface hardness by 50,56 % and the average coating strength of 21,345 MPa. The microstructure observation results on the coating show that the coating results from twin-wire arc spray have good coating quality with the bonds between the elements contained in the FeCrMnNiCSiSP wire which are bonded to each other and form layered layers and minimal porosity in the coating.
Awareness on consent and counselling among patients attending tertiary care hospitals : a cross-sectional study
Authors: Rao M. S. , Sagar P. , Kumari B. V. S. R.
Published: March 2022

IntroductionSurgical consent and counselling are an integral part of medical practice and medical education. This study was done to know how many of the residents provide complete and accurate information to the patient during their training period. MethodsSixty residents from various surgical departments and 40 patients who were undergoing surgery were selected. The data was collected through interviews using two different questionnaires. The resident’s questionnaire provided the information they provide to patients. The patient’s questionnaire provided information on the level of their understanding from the interaction. Data were analysed using coGuide. ResultsOut of 60 residents, 56(92 %) reported that the side effects and consequences were explained fully. 25% of residents mentioned the name of the surgery and nearly 100% did not mention the operating surgeon’s or unit in charge name. About 79% of residents felt that the patient was convinced with their way of communication, nearly 93 % of patients were convinced their disease process was explained well and 50% felt that the doctor informed the consequences of surgery well. 75% responded that doctor did not inform about the side-effects 98% were not aware of the alternative forms of treatment and, 87% of patients were not informed about the chances of recurrence of disease where ever applicable. ConclusionThe majority of residents were convinced that their conveying skills are adequate for surgical counselling but they felt the need to improve. The majority of patients denied discussing complications when occurred.
Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding patient safety among surgical trainees in Sri Lanka
Authors: Fernando C. , Jayarajah U. , Seneviratne S.
Published: March 2022

IntroductionSurgical trainees play an integral role in the perioperative workup and safety of patients undergoing surgery. This study was aimed to assess surgical trainees’ knowledge, attitudes and practices on perioperative surgical patient safety. MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional study among 105 surgical trainees (males 96%, mean age 33 years, range 30-40 years) was performed using self-administered validated questionnaires on knowledge, attitudes (Safety Attitude Questionnaire-SAQ) and practices (Questionnaire on evidence-based safety practices and reporting of medical errors). Responses were marked on a 5-point Likert scale and were analysed.ResultsApproximately two thirds (n=72, 69%) were junior registrars and the rest (n=33, 31%) were senior registrars. The median knowledge score was 60 (range 10-90). The Median SAQ score was 74 (151/205, range 57-95). Approximately 65% (n=68) claimed they were aware of the protocols of marking the surgical site. Nearly three quarters (n=78, 74%) have read the WHO safe surgery guidelines. Eighty-seven participants (84%) had not attended a formal risk management course/ teaching activity. Only 53% (n=56) believed that medical errors were handled appropriately and less than a third (31%, n=33) believed that the work environment was favourable to discuss errors. Only 54% (n=57) had received appropriate feedback about their performances. ConclusionOverall, the patient safety culture among surgical trainees was found to be suboptimal. Formal teaching sessions, workshops and local guidelines may help improve knowledge and attitudes on patient safety among surgical trainees. Furthermore, working conditions need to be improved to encourage discussion of medical errors and allow frequent feedback.
Challenges in the performance of real-life studies in older patients: focus on long-term care facilities
Authors: Christiansen Johanna Marietta , Meyer Anna Maria , Pickert Lena , Pfister Roman , Polidori Maria Cristina
Published: March 2022

Research on geriatric conditions and atypical disease presentation in poorly studied patients’ groups is becoming increasingly important. Aim of the present investigation was addressing prevalence and prognostic significance of aortic valve stenosis (AVS) in older residents of long-term care facilities (LTCF). For the planned recruitment of 500 LTCF guests of a German metropolitan area, study investigators were trained and in the performance of a cardiologic examination and of the comprehensive geriatric assessment- based multidimensional prognostic index (MPI). After five attempts to obtain permission to conduct the study in 30 institutions, patients’ recruitment was stopped with 22 participants included from one institution. AVS was suspected in two patients, in agreement with the reported prevalence data. The MPI value correlated with social support (P=0.002) and geriatric syndromes (P=0.004). This structured attempt at investigating presence and prognostic signature of AVS in older LTCF guests was challenged by logistic obstacles strongly hindering diagnosis of potentially treatable conditions which, if undisclosed, negatively impact on survival and quality of life.
Ecology of Aedes vittatus (Diptera
Authors: Obi Okechukwu A , Adebote David A , Nock Ishaya H , Josiah James G
Published: March 2022

Background & objectives: This study focuses on modulating dexterity of some ecological variables of Aedes vittatus classically breeding in rocky habitats. The study provides a useful insight into ecological variables that underpin or hinder profuse breeding of Ae. vittatus in rock pools and its probable role in disease transmission.

Methods: HANNA HI98129 pH/EC/TDS/TEMP meter was used in situ while standard protocols were used to determine other hydro-chemical variables. Aedes vittatus larvae were obtained with soup ladle and modified ladle dippers. D-frame net was used to capture macroinvertebrates while plankton net was used to obtain samples of microalgae. Tadpoles and water turtles were collected with fine mesh invertebrate net. Macrophytes were uprooted and identified at the Herbarium Unit, Department of Botany, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. The influence of physicochemical variables was correlated with distribution of Ae. vittatus using Principal Component Analysis. Regression and ANOVA were used to test for association between predictor variables and mosquito abundance and for the difference amongst inselbergs.

Results: Linear larval density of Ae. vittatus in rock pools which tapered across Guinea savanna were obtained from twenty-one sites with average density of 139.6 in Sudan savanna. Guinea savanna had an average larval density of 75.5 with lower subsets of moving average densities compared to Sudan savanna. One hundred and sixty-one aquatic insects belonging to four insect orders cohabited rock pools with Ae. vittatus. Toads and frogs’ tadpoles were of Bufonidae and Pyxicephalidae families while water turtles belong to Emydidae. pH, TDS (ppm), EC (μs/cm) and alkalinity (mg/l) differed significantly (p<0.05) with the abundance of Ae. vittatus in rock pools. Temperature, depth, water hardness and total suspended solid had direct influence on the distribution of Ae. vittatus in rock pools across sites. Significant positive correlation exists between aquatic insects and abundance of Ae. vittatus. Hydroperiod length, concentration of nitrate and pH were determinants that leverage profuse breeding of Ae. vittatus and survival of rock pool biota.

Interpretation & conclusion: Results revealed that the bearing influence of rock pool variables is inevitable for breeding of Ae. vittatus. A well defined measure of efficacy incorporating indigenous communities for sustained vector control on inselbergs will go a long way in decimating population of Ae. vittatus and limit the risk of spread of yellow fever hitherto areas not thriving.
Incidence of urethral stricture following bipolar transurethral resection of prostate
Authors: Mannem Srinath Reddy , Mallikarjuna Chiruvella , Bhavatej Enganti , Taif N. Bendigeri Mohammed , Ravichander Oleti , Syed M. Ghouse
Published: March 2022

Introduction:

Bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate (B-TURP) is a commonly performed procedure, although it has not yet surpassed the gold standard monopolar TURP. The incidence and contributing factors to the development of urethral stricture following B-TURP are still a matter of debate and were analyzed in the present study.

Methods:

This prospective study evaluated patients who underwent B-TURP. Demographic characteristics, clinical data, and data on other specific investigations were analyzed. B-TURP was performed using an Olympus TURis bipolar system. Patients were followed up for 6 months with the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), peak flow rate (Q-max), and residual urine estimation. Urethral stricture was defined as narrowing of the urethral lumen requiring instrumentation to improve the urinary flow rate.

Results:

A total of 352 patients were enrolled, with a mean age of 67 ± 8.6 years. The mean preoperative IPSS, prostate volume, and Q-max were 21 ± 4, 58.8 ± 31.7 cm3, and 8 ± 3 mL/sec, respectively. The mean meatal caliber was 28 ± 2 Fr. In 209 patients (59.4%), B-TURP was performed using a 24-Fr resectoscope, while in the remaining 143 (40.6%), a 26-Fr resectoscope was used. The mean resection times with the 24-Fr and 26-Fr resectoscopes were 36.5 ± 19.8 min and 63.5 ± 30 min, respectively. Urethral strictures were identified in 15 patients, with an incidence of 4.3%. Mean meatal caliber was significantly related to the risk of stricture formation (P = 0.001).

Conclusions:

The incidence of urethral stricture after B-TURP was 4.3%. We found that small meatal caliber was associated with an increased risk of urethral stricture following B-TURP.
Outcome of post-COVID-19 fungal pyelonephritis
Authors: Pathak Niramya J. , Surwase Pavan P. , Karthik U. S. , Patil Abhijit P. , Konnur Abhijit M. , Soni Shailesh M. , Singh Abhishek G. , Ganpule Arvind P. , Sabnis Ravindra B. , Desai Mahesh R.
Published: March 2022

Introduction:

COVID-19 pandemic is associated with secondary opportunistic fungal infections. These have an aggressive course with a high mortality rate. We present our experience of seven cases of post-COVID-19 fungal pyelonephritis.

Methods:

An observational study over a period of 8 months of May to December 2021 was carried out at our tertiary care hospital, including all patients with features of fungal pyelonephritis in post-COVID-19 setting. The patient demographics, details of previous COVID-19 infection, details of present admission and management were collected. The endpoints were either discharge from the hospital or death.

Results:

Seven patients were included. Mean age of presentation was 42 years (range: 20–63 years, standard deviation ± 14.2). Male-to-female ratio was 6:1. One patient was diabetic. Two patients were asymptomatic, one had mild infection, and four patients had severe COVID-19 infection as per National Institute of Health criteria. In the present admission, all patients had symptomatic pyelonephritis with laboratory parameters showing elevated D dimer, C reactive protein, and total leukocyte counts. In all seven patients, ultrasound of kidney ureter bladder region showed bulky kidney, color Doppler showed main renal arterial thrombosis in two patients, segmental arterial thrombosis in another patient. Computed tomography scan was suggestive of changes of pyelonephritis in all patients with multiple renal hypodense areas. All patients required nephrectomy with biopsy suggestive of changes of necrotizing fungal inflammation. Three patients expired.

Conclusion:

Management of post-COVID-19 fungal pyelonephritis should be aggressive and suspicious laboratory and imaging findings should be treated by early nephrectomy.
Outcomes of retrograde intrarenal surgery in renal calculi of varying size
Authors: Venkatachalapathy Vigneswara Srinivasan Sockkalingam , Palathullil Datson George , Sam Dempsey Mohan , Prasad Abhishek , Abraham George Palathullil
Published: March 2022

Introduction:

Technological advancements have made it possible to attempt retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) in patients with large renal calculi. The objective of this study was to compare the intraoperative adverse events, postoperative complications and stone free rates (SFR) of RIRS in patients with renal calculi of varying sizes.

Methods:

Patients who underwent RIRS for renal calculi between January 2016 and June 2020 were categorized into six size groups according to the longest dimension or cumulative measurement of the longest dimension of calculi as follows: Group 1 (1–9 mm), Group 2 (10–19 mm), Group 3 (20–29 mm), Group 4 (30–39 mm), Group 5 (40–49 mm) and Group 6 (≥50 mm). All the patients were followed up for a period of 6 months post treatment completion and the outcomes of interest were computed and compared.

Results:

Two hundred and ten patients were included in the analysis. Intraoperative adverse events were noted in 9.5%, 8%, 16.9%, 9.1%, 6.7% and 28.6% of the patients in groups 1–6, respectively (P = 0.453). The postoperative complications were noted in 4.8%, 5.3%, 6.8%, 15.2%, 26.7% and 42.9% of patients in groups 1–6, respectively (P = 0.024). The final SFRs were 95.2%, 100%, 96.6%, 90.9%, 86.7% and 71.4% in groups 1–6, respectively (P = 0.012).

Conclusions:

RIRS is an effective treatment option for the management of renal stones, including those larger than 20 mm in size. We noted a size dependent increase in the postoperative complications and a reduction in the SFRs. The majority of the postoperative complications were low grade and no stone related events occurred in the patients who were managed conservatively for residual stones after surgery, on the short term follow up.
Female pseudohermaphroditism with urethral duplication
Authors: Deshpande Amit Vijayrao , Hazare Jitendra D.
Published: March 2022

Female pseudohermaphroditism with urethral duplication presenting as urinary retention in adulthood is extremely rare. We report the case of a 26-year-old female who had multiple failed attempts of per urethral catheterization during a planned cesarean section. She had labial fusion and clitoral hypertrophy with a phallic urethra and underwent labial separation with urethral reconstruction.