bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Grain Yield and Water Productivity of Irrigated Rice Affected by Transplanting Dates in Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain M B , Roy D , Mahmud M N H , Paul P L C , Yesmin M S , Kundu P K , Islam M T , Rim A A
Published: January 2023

Selection of suitable transplanting window is essential for getting desired crop yield and optimizing irrigation water. This study was conducted in four different locations of Bangladesh (Gazipur, Mymensingh, Cumilla and Bogura districts) to investigate the effect of transplanting period on irrigation water productivity during irrigated rice (Boro) cultivation. Ceres-rice model incorporated in DSSAT was used to estimate rice grain yield and agronomic parameters for Boro 2016-17. Daily weather data and soil data were collected from Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD) and Soil Resource Development Institute (SRDI). The estimated irrigation scheduling using CROPWAT- 8.0 model was used as input to the DSSAT model. Rainfall distribution showed only about 22% (2% in winter and 20% in pre-monsoon) of annual rainfall occurred in irrigated rice growing period. Delay transplanting after 15 December, the cultivar BRRI dhan28 faced higher mean daily temperature resulted shorter life span. The increased seasonal mean temperature by 2.8ºC in Gazipur and Bogura and 2.6ºC in Mymensingh and Cumilla from 15 December to 01 March reduced growth duration by 24 days in Gazipur, Mymensingh and Bogura and by 26 days in Cumilla district. Cumilla received the maximum rainfall, however Gazipur experienced the lowest among the four study locations. The received rainfall amount increased with the advancement of transplanting date from 15 December. The increased rainfall reduced the irrigation demand of the cultivar. On the contrary, reduced growth duration due to delay transplanting decreased the grain yield. Transplanting up to 1 February produced almost similar grain yield, while irrigation demand decreased from 15 December transplanting. Water productivity showed increasing trend for late transplanting. Considering grain yield and irrigation water productivity, 15 January to 1 February transplanting were found suitable transplanting period for the study locations. Rice crop establishment within the recommended period could be optimized the grain yield and irrigation water productivity in the selected study locations. Thus, maximum coverage of rainfall can be reduced the irrigation demand. Consequently, it may help to optimize groundwater use and to arrest the groundwater mining.
Bangladesh Rice J. 25 (2) : 21-30, 2021
Natural Groundwater Recharge: A Review on the Estimation Methods
Authors: Mahmud M N H , Roy D , Paul P L C , Hossain M B , Yesmin M S , Kundu P K , Islam M T
Published: January 2023

Groundwater recharge study is essential because it provides information on the groundwater flow and availability, and its sustainable management over many years. Groundwater recharge estimation also helps evaluating the characteristics of aquifer, such as its bearing capacity and susceptibility to contamination. Many studies so far have focused on several techniques and methods of estimation of groundwater recharge. These methods were very simple, such as seepage meter or tracer techniques, and even complex numerical modelling. However, picking up the right techniques from multiple require essential considerations such as physiography and climatic condition of the location, reliability of the technique, cost and resource availability, and other unavoidable factors that may put limitations in the applicability of a particular method. Furthermore, the reliability of a recharge estimation method also depends on the recharge rates of a particular site. Therefore, an appropriate technique of recharge estimation should be taken such that the estimation resolution of that technique is matched with the average recharge rates of that site. This paper discusses various recharge methods to select a suitable approach appropriate for the climatic condition of Bangladesh. Estimating groundwater recharge by only one method may result in several errors and draw a wrong conclusion. Applying multiple approaches can minimize these errors and enhance the acceptability of the recharge estimates.
Bangladesh Rice J. 25 (2) : 45-56, 2021
Influence of Water Stress on Canopy Temperature and Yield Contributing Characteristics of Wet Seeded Rice
Authors: Parveen S , Humphreys E
Published: January 2023

Canopy temperature (CT) is one of the indices for evaluating water stress. The study has been taken to correlate water stress with CT and to evaluate effect of water stress on crop and yield performance of wet seeded rice (WSR). The canopy temperature of rice at vegetative and flowering stages were investigated under different soil water stresses. The field experiment was conducted at IRRI (International Rice Research Institute) during dry season, 2011. Three levels of water stress (-10, -20 and -40 kPa) were applied at 3-leaf (3L) to panicle initiation (PI), PI to flowering (FL) and FL to physiological maturity (PM) stages. One non -stressed treatment, i.e., continuously flooded puddled transplanted rice (PTR-CF) was used as a control. Soil water tension was measured using a 30-cm long gauge tensiometer and a handheld infrared thermometer was used to measure CT. Canopy temperatures were recorded from 3L to PI and PI to FL stages. In both the stages, CT was within the range of marginal stress. Canopy temperature depression (CTD) was higher in the stressed condition than that of the nonstressed. At the PI stage, leaf area index (LAI) was significantly lower in WSR than PTR -CF. LAI was comparatively lower in WSR with -20 kPa and -40 kPa than WSR with -10 kPa and PTR-CF when water stress imposed during PI-FL. Decreasing grain yield was observed when irrigation threshold increased from -10 to -40 kPa during PI to FL and FL to PM, but the differences were not significant. Yield components of WSR with different stresses were not significantly different. But spikelet fertility (%) and grain weight (g) of WSR was significantly higher than that of PTR-CF. The yield of PTR-CF was similar to the yield of WSR. Panicle/m2 correlated negatively with CT under a stressed condition. Yield and all yield components ex cept spikelet per panicle were positively correlated with CT at 60 days after seeding (CT 60). Under stressed condition, CT correlated negatively with the grain yield. Results revealed that CT correlated positively with grain yield under non-stressed condition (CT35 and CT60). Spikelet fertility percentage (SF%) correlated negatively with CT35 and CT46. It has been concluded that CT and CTD may be used for water stress evaluation.
Bangladesh Rice J. 25 (2) : 69-76, 2021
Behaviour of Groundwater Table with Rainfall in North-West Region of Bangladesh
Authors: Islam M T , Hossain M B , Roy D , Mahmud M N H , Paul P L C , Yesmin M S , Kundu P K
Published: January 2023

Groundwater is the major source of water to meet up the vast domestic and agricultural demand in Bangladesh. Additionally, reduction in reliable surface water resources resulting the increased reliance on groundwater day by day. Therefore, monitoring the groundwater fluctuation over time is crucial to ensure the sustainable use of groundwater resources in future. The present study analyzed historical groundwater data to know the behaviour of groundwater at four locations of two districts Pabna and Rangpur in the North-Eastern part of the country. Historical groundwater level data and monthly rainfall data from 1989 to 2017 were collected from Bangladesh Water Development Board and Bangladesh Meteorological Department, respectively. The annual maximum groundwater table depth (MaxGWT) and minimum groundwater table depth (MinGWT) and its trend was analyzed, and positive and negative recharge years were identified from these values. We found the maximum declining rate at 6.6 cm annually and the maximum 205 cm total depletion in the study area. The number of years of negative recharge is more than that of positive recharge for 32 years. As a result, a declining trend in groundwater table was found at three locations of the study area. The maximum groundwater table remains below suction limit at Ishwardi, causes no shallow tubewell (STW) works during that period. A declining trend in annual rainfall is observed in Pabna district. A linear relationship between rainfall and recharge was found at two locations of the study area.
Bangladesh Rice J. 25 (2) : 85-95, 2021
Lifestyle and Immunity Boosting Practices During COVID-19 Pandemic Among the Population of Rajshahi District, Bangladesh
Authors: Yeasmin K , Samaun MAM , Jahan H , Yesmin T
Published: January 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic represents a massive impact on human health, causing sudden lifestyle changes, through social distancing and isolation at home, with social and economic consequences. The aim of the study was to determine both of community and gender-based distribution of perception, attitude, preventive measures, changing lifestyle regarding COVID-19 and to help the Government and policymakers to take indispensable steps. This cross-sectional survey self-administered online-based study was carried out after the declaration of strict initial lockdown enforced in Bangladesh. The study was conducted in Rajshahi district from 30 March 2020 to 31 August 2020, a very critical time of mental suffering and lockdown. A total of 651 respondents from Rajshahi district in Bangladesh participated in the survey, and by a self-administered questionnaire, designed in the language of English. Among the collected responses, 535 were considered for the analysis, which largely belonged to Rajshahi’s middle to upper socio-economic status (SES). The data analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel 2019 and SPSS version 25.0 (Chicago, IL, USA). The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistic, chi-square test and z-proportional test. In this empirical study, 278 males and 257 females participated. More than one-tenth of males and 35% of females were not conscious of the type of Coronavirus. A lot of misperception about the incubation period of COVID-19 existed among participants. The research observed that 34.2%, of males and 25.3% of the female study population had no opinion about the treatment of COVID-19 and 27.3% of males and 21.8% of females gave a verdict that COVID-19 had no available treatment. The study discovered more surprisingly that females (67.3%), greater than males (65.5%) did not want to stay at home during the lockdown. Positively 87.8% of males and 70.4% of females washed their hands with soap or used sanitizer after coming back from outside. The consumption of a balanced diet increased by males and females was 13.3% and 6.7% respectively. Z-proportional test showed that regarding COVID-19, there were significant difference between male and female’s conception and precaution (p<0.0001). The study has used the first-time data based on the population’s lifestyle and eating habits during the COVID-19 lockdown, which will give assistance to the policy makers to develop the situation.
J Bio-Sci. 30(1): 33-48, 2022 (June)
The Role of Free Prostate-Specific Antigen in the Diagnosis of Prostate Carcinoma: A Cross-Sectional Study in Rajshahi, Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Md Azizul , Islam SM Shahinul , Haque Md Jawadul
Published: January 2023

The prevalence of prostatic carcinoma is the outcome of several factors including improved awareness the general population of the significance of carcinoma of the prostate and progresses in diagnostic approaches. The PSA is a probable prostate cancer tumor marker, although it cannot distinguish prostate cancer from BPH solely. To assess the usefulness of free, total, and free/total PSA ratios in differentiating BPH and prostate cancer has been studied under this research work. The work was carried out at RMCH during April 2021 to March 2022, 350 purposively selected urology outpatients and inpatients at RMCH were studied cross-sectional study. Trans-rectal ultrasound (TRUS) and serum PSA levels were analyzed along with Digital rectal examination (DRE). A digital guided prostatic biopsy using a monopty biopsy gun confirmed the diagnosis. Data analysis was done in SPSS 26 software program. Prostatic cancer was more prevalent in men aged 70-80, whereas BPH was more common in men aged 60-70 (p = 0.00032). Histopathology revealed 95 prostate cancer patients, 82 with PSA >4 ng/ml and 85 patients had f/t PSA ratio>0.16. BPH was found in 255 individuals. 139 BPH patients had total PSA >4 ng/ml and 245 BPH patients had f/t PSA ratio ≤0.16. Total PSA had sensitivity and specificity of 86.32% and 45.49%, respectively, lower than f/t ratio. The (Positive predictive value) PPV and accuracy was significantly higher in f/t ratio than total PSA. Along with total PSA, free and free/total PSA ratio may help detect prostate cancer early and distinguish BPH from prostate cancer.
J Bio-Sci. 30(1): 79-89, 2022 (June)
Screening for Insecticidal Potential of the Chickpea Plant Cicer Arietinum (L.) Against Three Stored Grain Pests Callosobruchus Chinensis (L.), Sitophilus Oryzae (L.) And Tribolium Castaneum (Herbst) Adults Under Laboratory Conditions
Authors: Asif Toukir Mahmud , Nesa Meherun , Mehrin Kazi Mahnaz , Yasmin Nelufa , Islam Alimul , Fatema Nishat , Islam Nurul
Published: January 2023

Petroleum ether (PE), chloroform (CHCl3), and methanol (CH3OH) extracts of the whole chickpea plant Cicer arietinum (L.) have been tested against adult beetles of Callosobruchus chinensis (L.), Sitophilus oryzae (L.) and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) through dose-mortality and repellent activity tests. In dose mortality tests, the PE extracts of C. arietinum gave LD50 values of 3.466, 3.292, 2.721, 2.398, 1.887, 1.663 and 1.428 mg/cm2 against C. chinensis and 4.297, 3.415, 2.246, 1.725, 1.384, 0.984 and 0.722 mg/cm2 against S. oryzae both after 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42 and 48 h of exposures, respectively. The CHCl3 extracts gave LD50 values of 5.242, 4.844, 3.472, 2.945, 2.540, 1.875, 1.295 and 1.053 mg/cm2 against C. chinensis after 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42 and 48 h of exposures, respectively. The CH3OH extracts, on the other hand, yielded LD50 values of 0.923, 0.757, 0.649, 0.515, 0.400, 0.303, 0.247 and 0.197 mg/cm2 against C. chinensis, 4.227, 3.528, 3.454, 2.933, 2.493, 2.187, 1.938 and 1.724 mg/cm2 against S. oryzae and 3.485, 3.176, 2.851, 1.531, 1.113, 0.756, 0.534 and 0.478 mg/cm2 against T. castaneum adults after 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42 and 48 h of exposures, respectively. However, the PE extracts of C. arietinum did not show any mortality against T. castaneum and the CHCl3 extracts were inactive against S. oryzae and T. castaneum adults. In repellency tests, all three organic extracts did not show any repellency against the test beetles. According to their intensity of activities, the extracts could be arranged in the following descending order: CH3OH extracts against C. chinensis > CH3OH extracts against T. castaneum > PE extracts against S. oryzae > CHCl3 extracts against C. chinensis > PE extracts against C. chinensis > CH3OH extracts against S. oryzae adults. The present results indicate that the test plant C. arietinum contains bioactive compounds and could be used as a source of control agents for the stored product pests.
J Bio-Sci. 30(1): 91-100, 2022 (June)
A Male Hormone-Induced Changes in Growth Performance and Histopathology in the Stinging Catfish Heteropneustes Fossilis (Siluriformes: Heteropneustidae) Under Laboratory Conditions
Authors: Sultana Sabina , Farha Fahmida
Published: January 2023

The present study was conducted to assess the features of the stinging catfish Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) in terms of total length (TL), total weight (TW) and growth performance and survival rate after treatment of fish feed with a synthetic male hormone, 17 α-methyltestosterone (17 α-MT) under laboratory conditions. Results showed that TL in the untreated (C) and T1 group of fishes differed significantly (p<0.05) even though the overall effect of the hormone did not influence TL of the fishes under study (p = 0.085). A similar result was observed for TW, but the overall impact of 17-αMT on TW of H. fossilis was highly significant one (p<0.001), indicating that the TW was increased much more than the TL due to the hormone treatment in the experimental fishes. Growth performances of the fishes in terms of their gains in TL and TW due to the hormone treatment and over a rearing period of four months from March to June showed that compared to the control groups, all three treatment groups increased in both the morphometric parameters in H. fossilis. The increases in TW were more drastic than the corresponding increases in TL. Notably, the hormone treatments did not affect the survival of the experiment fishes under study. Histopathological changes in the intestine of T2 fishes were characterized by hemorrhage and degeneration of villi, whereas hemorrhage, degeneration of serosa and rapture of villi were remarkable in T3 group. Enlarged glomeruli, lots of vacuoles, disorganization of renal tubules and necrosis were observed in T2 whereas the T3 group was characterized by vacuoles, disorganization of tubules, enlarging glomeruli and wider tubular lumen. Since the present results clearly demonstrated that 17 α-MT treatments enhanced the total length and weight as well as growth performance of H. fossilis, carefully designed experiments with appropriate doses of the hormone in fish feed would be beneficial for the commercial production and conservation of this popular catfish in the country.
J Bio-Sci. 30(1): 131-141, 2022 (June)
Hemodialysis Catheter-Related Blood Stream Infection: Rates, Risk Factors And Pathogens
Authors: Khan Mohammad Ashikur Rahman , Chowdhury Md Nizamuddin , Islam Md Nazrul , Khan Mohammad Ehasun Uddin , Anwar ASM Tanim , Rahman Md Saidur
Published: January 2023

Background: Central venous catheters (CVC) are an important means of delivering hemodialysis (HD) to patients who require immediate initiation of dialysis. Haemodialysis (HD) catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) are a major complication of long-term catheter use in HD.
Aims: This study was conducted to identify the rates, risk factors and spectrum of infecting organisms of Hemodialysis catheter-related blood stream infection (CRBSI).
Methods: This prospective Observational study was carried out in the Department of Nephrology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka during January 2018 to July 2019. A total of 125 patients with Central Venous Catheter for Hemodialysis were included in this study.
Results: Twenty four patients with a mean age of 42.9±17.5 years were confirmed to have CRBSI with a rate of 6.6 per 1000 catheter days in Temporary Uncuffed Catheter group and 1.4 per 1000 catheter days in Permanent Cuffed Catheter group. Independent risk factor associated with CRBSI was diabetes. 70.8% patients had gram-negative infections, 4(16.7%) patients had gram-positive infections and 3(12.5%) patients had polymicrobial infections. Pseudomonas species (37.5%) were the most common identified bacteria.
Conclusion: The rate of CRBSI in Hemodialysis patients was significant and the only identified risk factor was diabetes mellitus. Infection by Gram-negative bacteria was noteworthy among the patients.
J Dhaka Med Coll. 2021; 29(1): 3-8
Aerobic Microorganisms in Nonspecific Neck Abscess - A Prospective Study in A Tertiary Level Hospital
Authors: Hasan Md Mehedi , Arafat Mohammad Shaharior , Islam Mohammad Nazrul , Arifuzzaman Md , Islam Md Shahriar , Saha Bashudev Kumar
Published: January 2023

Background: The knowledge of the local pattern of infection and microorganisms in non-specific neck abscess is essential to enable efficacious treatment for it.
Objective: To find out the pattern of bacteria responsible for developing non-specific neck abscess and to analyze the coverage rate of different empiric antimicrobial agents.
Materials and methods: It is prospective observational type of study carried out into Department of Otolaryngology & Head Neck Surgery, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka and Department of Clinical Microbiology, ICDDR,B, Dhaka from1st January,2016 to 30th June, 2016. Total 100(Hundred) patients were included in this study. Data were analyzed using computer based programmed statistical package for social science (SPSS).
Results: This study was done among 100 patients. In this study 42 cases (42%) were in the (31- 45) years age group. The male patients were 60 (60%) and female were 40 (40%). Majority of patients 70(70%) came from poor class family with 70 (70%) patients came from rural area, 50 (50%) patients had dental infection, 40(40%) patients were smoker, 35 (35%) patients had diabetes mellitus, all the cases (100%) presented with dysphagia and fever. The major complication was necrotizing fasciitis 8 (8%), common space was sub mandibular space (45%), Streptococcus 30 (30%) was the most common organism.
Conclusion: The most frequently isolated organism in neck abscess is Streptococcus.
J Dhaka Med Coll. 2021; 29(1): 31-37
Pattern of Neck Node Metastases In Laryngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Saha Bashudev Kumar , Fakir Md Abu Yusuf , Islam Mohammad Nazrul , Talukder Debnath , Islam Nazmul , Arefin Mostafa Kamal
Published: January 2023

Background: Cancer continues to be a major health problem despite advances in medical technology for its diagnosis and treatment. Cancer of the larynx is the eleventh most common cancer in the world. Carcinoma larynx is a multifactorial disease. Smoking, betel-nut, betel-leaf chewing habit and drinking alcohol are the most important factors associated with carcinoma larynx.
Objective: To find out the patterns of neck node metastases in laryngeal carcinoma.
Methods: Observational cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of ENT and Head Neck Surgery, Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH) from January’ 2018 to December’ 2019. Total 100 patients diagnosed as laryngeal carcinoma with neck metastases were included in this study. Statistical analyses were carried out by using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA).
Results: The mean age was found 57.8±12.7 years with range from 37 to 79 years. Males were predominant (76.0%) and females were (24.0%). Male: female ratio was 3.17:1. More than two third (68.0%) patients had supraglottis, 26.0% had glottis and 6.0% had subglottis. Supraglottic was found in 68 patients among them 27(39.7%) were T3, 18(26.5%) were T3. Glottic was found in 26 patients among them 16(61.5%) were T3, 6(23.1%) were T2, 4(15.4%) were T4a. Subglottic was found in 6 patients among them 4(66.7%) were T3 and 2(33.3%) was T2. Supraglottic was found in 68 patients among them 34(50.0%) were N1, 28(41.1%) were N2 and 6(8.8%) were N3. Glottic was found in 26 patients among them 20(76.9%) were N1 and 6(23.1%) were N2. Subglottic was found in 6 patients among them 4(66.7%) were N1 and 2(33.3%) was N2. supraglottic was found in 68 patients, among them majority 17(50.0%) patients were found in level II of neck nodes. Glottis was found in 26 patients, among them 16(61.5%) patients were found in level III of neck nodes. Subglottic found in 6 patients, among them 4(66.7%) patient was found in level IV of neck nodes. Unilateral neck node metastasis was more common 9(96.0%) than bilateral neck node metastasis 4(4.0%), out of them single neck node metastasis 84(84.0%) is more than multiple neck node metastasis 16(16.0%). Majority 46(46.0%) patients had stage III, 38(38.0%) had stage II, 10(10.0%) had stage I and 6(6.0%) had stage IV.
Conclusion: Laryngeal carcinoma is a common clinical entity in otolaryngology practice. Male were more predominant and the highest age group was 51-60 years. Common clinical presentation was difficulty in swallowing and hoarseness of voice. In this study most common Laryngeal carcinoma was supraglottic in nature and majority of them were in level II. N1 was the most common pattern of neck node metastasis. Most of the neck nodes are unilateral and single. Stage III was the commonest stage of involvement.
J Dhaka Med Coll. 2021; 29(1): 52-60
Pattern of Serum High Density Lipoprotein (Hdl) & Low Density Lipoprotein (Ldl) Level In Hypertensive Patient
Authors: Monira Shirajum , Ahmed Toufiq , Datta Ponkaj Kanti , Uddin Mohammed Kamal , Yasmin Gulnar , Khaleda Laila , Basu Kamolesh Chandra
Published: January 2023

Background: Hypertension and dyslipidemia are major risk factors for cardiovascular disease, accounting for the highest morbidity and mortality among the Bangladeshi population. The aim of our study is to determine the pattern of serum Low Density and High Density Lipoprotein level in hypertensive patient. Methods: This observational cross sectional study was carried out among100 patient admitted in Department of Medicine in Dhaka Medical College Hospital. Patients were enrolled consecutively and informed written consent was obtained. Detailed information wererecorded in questionnaire approved by the ethical review committee of Dhaka Medical College.
Results: Among 100 cases, the mean age was found 48.76±7.11 years in hypertensive group and 38.39±8.41 years in normotensive group. Mean total cholesterol was found 239.43±22.17 mg/dl in hypertensive group and 189.21±14.26 mg/dl in normotensive group. Mean triglyceride was 178.34±10.94 mg/dl in hypertensive group and 142.48±12.83 mg/dl in normotensive group. Mean HDl-cholesterol was 39.24±5.07 mg/dl and 44.28±7.82 mg/dl in hypertensive and normotensive group respectively. Mean LDL-cholesterol was 154.78±13.55 mg/dl in hypertensive group and 116.72±12.33 mg/dl in normotensive group. Binary logistic regression analysis showed high Total Cholesterol was significantly associated with hypertensive patients and the odds ratio (OR) was 1.21, 95% CI 0.97–1.67, P<0.001. High Triglyceride and Low density lipoprotein significantly associated with hypertensive patients (OR 1.28, 95% CI 0.91–1.38, P<0.001 and OR 1.07, 95% CI 0.96–1.56, P<0.003, respectively). Low High density lipoprotein was also associated with hypertensive patients (OR 1.22, 95% CI 0.89–1.69, P<0.001).
Conclusion: Mean total cholesterol, triglyceride; LDL-cholesterol was significantly higher in hypertensive group in comparison to normotensive group. Where as mean HDL-cholesterol was significantly lower in hypertensive group in comparison to normotensive group. High total cholesterol, high triglyceride, low density lipoprotein and low high density lipoprotein were significantly associated with hypertensive patients.
J Dhaka Med Coll. 2021; 29(1): 82-86
Study on Clinical Manifestations Of Biliary Ascariasis Patients in Sadar Hospital, Cox’s Bazar
Authors: Faisal Mohammad Abu , Biswas Prodip Kumar , Islam Mohammed Jahedul , Hasan Syeda Humaida , Rahman Muhammad Faizur , Kabir AKM Humayon , Khan Mohammed Masudul Hassan , Alam Ferdous , Tulsan Suresh Kumar
Published: January 2023

Aims: Aim of the study was to know the clinical presentations of biliary ascariasis.
Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional observational study had been carried out on 50 patients over a period from January 2017 to December 2018 at the Department of Medicine, Sadar Hospital, Cox’s bazar. The clinical presentation, ultrasonographic findings, management and follow up of patients diagnosed to have biliary ascariasis were recorded in a pre-designed case record form and finally all the relevant data were processed and analyzed.
Results: This study revealed that maximum patients of biliary ascariasis belonged to 31-40 yrs age group. Number of female patients was more (86%) in comparison to male patients (14%). Among female patients, 20.93% patients were pregnant. Most of the patients 92%came from rural areas. All patients in this study presented with upper abdominal pain. Other complaints were nausea, vomiting, fever and jaundice. Most of the patients (38%) had history of passage of worm with vomitus. Ultrasonographic profile of this study revealed that ascaris was most commonly entrapped in the common bile duct (80%). The percentage of complications was 38%. Acute acalculous cholecystitis was the commonest. The percentage of Cholangitis and acute pancreatitis was also significant.
Conclusion: Bangladesh is an endemic zone for ascaris lumbricoides infestations. Ultrasonography is the investigation of choice for diagnosis and follow up of the patient of biliary ascariasis. Majority of the patient can be managed with conservative treatment and mechanical removal of worms by endoscopy. This study recommends that proper hygiene and regular deworming can prevent biliary ascariasis.
J Dhaka Med Coll. 2021; 29(1): 87-93
In Hospital Outcome of Sars Cov-2 Infection Among Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients on Disease Modifying Drugs
Authors: Sayeed SK Jakaria Been , Rahman Md Mujibur , Mahmud Reaz , Kabir AKM Humayon , Rahman Sabrina , Uddin Md Nazim , Ahmed Istiaque , Haque Haniful , Hossain Md Arman , Kamal Mohammad Mostafa
Published: January 2023

Background: COVID-19 is associated with hyperinflammatory syndrome causing worsening of disease severity. SLE is a rare autoimmune disease. Concomitant presence of both diseases may worsen COVID-19.
Objective: To characterize patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) affected by COVID- 19 and to observe medications on COVID-19 outcomes.
Methodology: SLE with confirmed COVID-19 patients on Hydroxychloroquine admitted in COVID dedicated hospital in Dhaka was included. Data were prospectively collected via a structured questionnaire form and review of medical records. Only hospital outcomes were observed.
Results: Total 17 patients were included, 11 of them had only SLE, 5 had lupus nephritis and only 1 had CNS lupus. All of them had confirmed COVID-19 detected by RT-PCR. 17 (100%) were taking immunomodulator (Hydroxychloro-quine), 7 (41.2%) steroids, 5 (29.4%) taking Mycophenolate mofetil before having COVID-19. Eleven (64.7%) of them had mild to moderate severity where 4 (23.5%) had severe & 2 (11.8%) had critical conditions. Of those 17 patients, 11 required supplemental oxygen (64.7%) during hospitalization, 2 (11.8%) admitted into ICU and required mechanical ventilation. Fifteen of them were discharged after 11 days (minimum 9, maximum 21) where 2 (11.8%) died due to hypoxic respiratory failure. Seven patients out of eleven who required supplemental oxygen were on prednisolone before illness only suffered mild to moderate illness.
Conclusion: Previous intake of immunosuppressants like Hydroxychloroquine & Mycophenolate mofetil before admission to hospital did not seem to influence the severity of infection.
J Dhaka Med Coll. 2021; 29(1): 94-98
Expression of Her-2/NEU in Patients With Primary Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (Nsclc)
Authors: Sharmin Rumana , Sharmin Shegufta , Mudi Nondita , Abedin Mohammed Raisul , Hoque Mohammad Mahfuzul , Kabir Enamul
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Now a days immunohistochemistry and genomic testing for patient with Non- Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) is becoming new standard of care in clinical decision making. A renewed interest has been emerging on the human epidermal growth factor-2 (HER2) pathway. Aim of this present study was clinicopathological correlation of HER-2/neu expression by IHC in NSCLC.
Method: This was a Cross sectional and observational study done at Sir Salimullah Medical College and National Institute of Disease of the Chest and Hospital (NIDCH) and other private hospitals in Dhaka city during July / 2014 to June / 2016. Adult of both gender with histologically diagnosed as a case of NSCLC was include in the study. Immunohistochemistry was done to see the positivity for HER/neu and clinical characteristics were observed.
Result: A total 45 patients with NSCLC were enrolled in the study. Male was 77.8% (n=35) and female was 22.2% (n=10). The mean age was 55.67 (SD± 12) years and mean age of male was higher compared to female (57.54±11.64 years verses 49.1±11.38 years). Most of the male were smokers (71.1%) and female were nonsmokers (90%). 57.78% (n=26) of patients and 42.22% (n=19) of patients had adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma respectively. Most squamous cell carcinoma patients were elderly, had wasting and having higher TNM staging. Serum LDH level was higher with advance staging and grading. Only 8.89% (n=4) had HER-2/neu positive expression affected by male. Patients with HER 2/neu positive expression were relatively older (mean age 62.5±17.08). However, there were equal in histopathological categorization (50% SCC and 50% Adenocarcinoma). Mean LDH was slightly higher in HER-2 positive patients was compared to HER-2 negative patients (569.5±232.6 versus 469.7±181.8).
Conclusion: About nine percent of patients having HER-2/neu positive was relatively older and had more high level of LDH. A large-scale study should be conducted in Bangladeshi population to characterize epidemiological, clinicopathological feature in patients with NSCLC with HER-2 expression.
J Dhaka Med Coll. 2021; 29(1): 99-110
Naphthalene Induced Hemolysis With Acute Kidney Injury in a g6pd Deficient Boy
Authors: Islam Md Nazrul , Ahmed Abu Saleh , Khan Mohammad Ehasun Uddin , Rahman Hossain Muhammad Mustafijur , Rahman GM Hafizur , Anwar ASM Tanim , Badal Md Dilder Hossain , Faisal Amanur Rasul Md , Khan Mohammad Ashikur Rahman , Moitry Mahnaz Islam
Published: January 2023

Naphthalene is a chemical substance which is widely used as moth repellent, insecticide and deodorizer. Naphthalene mothballs are potent hemolytic agents specially for pediatric group and Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficient individuals. Our patient, a 14-year-old boy got admitted in our institution with progressive pallor, jaundice, hematuria and oliguria. He used to chew naphthalene mixed flavored raw rice for the last six months. On investigation he was found to have features of intravascular hemolysis and AKI necessitating hemodialysis with blood transfusion. His G6PD activity was below normal. After seven sessions of Hemodialysis (HD) his renal function recovered and discharged accordingly. One month post discharge follow up was normal.
J Dhaka Med Coll. 2021; 29(1): 123-126
Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Sekolah di SMK Cendika Bangsa berbasis Web
Authors: Cahyanti Nungky Dwi , Hanif Fahmi Muhammad , Anugrah Hamdhana Raka
Published: January 2023

Sistem manual yang digunakan dalam proses pencatatan transaksi di SMK Cendika Bangsa Kepanjen ini menimbulkan banyak kendala. Kendala-kendala tersebut diantaranya yaitu terjadinya penumpukan data, kesulitan saat pengolahan dan pencarian data serta menyebabkan timbulnya kesalahan data. Oleh sebab itu, maksud dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk membangun sistem informasi akuntansi sekolah berbasis web yang menghasilkan laporan keuangan yang akurat dan transparan. Pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu dengan menggunakan metode wawancara, observasi dan metode kepustakaan. Sistem ini merupakan sistem berbasis web yang dibangun menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan database MySQL dengan menerapkan metode waterfall atau air terjun serta menggunakan pengjjian black-box. Sistem ini dibuat dengan beberapa tahap seperti analisis kebutuhan sistem, perancangan desain sistem, perancangan desain tampilan hingga implementasi ke dalam kode-kode program serta pengujian sistem.  Sistem ini mencakup beberapa konten, diantaranya yaitu dashboard, data akun, rekening bank, data transaksi serta laporan. Hasil dari pengujian black-box disimpulkan bahwa fungsi-fungsi yang ada pada sistem ini berjalan sesuai dengan apa yang diharapkan user. Oleh sebab itu, diharapkan dengan adanya sistem informasi akuntansi sekolah ini bisa memudahkan kinerja staf keuangan dalam mencatat dan mengolah transaksi menjadi laporan keuangan di SMK Cendika Bangsa Kepanjen.
Analisis Pengaruh User Experience Terhadap Kepuasan Pengguna Pada Aplikasi Gojek Menggunakan UX Honeycomb
Authors: Budiarti Audila Trima , Wahyudi Farid , Ratnasari Novia
Published: January 2023

PT. Gojek Indonesia merupakan salah satu perusahaan di Indonesia yang bergerak di bidang jasa layanan transportasi. Pengalaman pengguna yang menyenangkan merupakan fokus utama Gojek yang di dasari oleh inovasi terknologi. Namun, pada realitanya masih terdapat kendala pada layanan yang tersedia di aplikasi Gojek Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh user experience terhadap kepuasan pengguna pada aplikasi Gojek menggunakan UX Honeycomb di wilayah Kabupaten Malang. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Objek pada peneletian ini adalah aplikasi Gojek, dan subjek dari penelitian ini adalah pengguna aplikasi Gojek di Kabupaten Malang. Sumber data yang digunakan yaitu sumber data primer dan sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan menggunakan kuisioner. Penelitian ini menggunakan bantuan aplikasi SPSS versi 25. Hasil pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa data hasil kuisioner yang diuji sudah bersifat valid dan reliabilitas. Pada variabel pengalaman penguna indikator yang dominan adalah mudah diakses, sedangkan untuk variabel kepuaan pengguna indikator yang dominan adalah ekspetasi.
EFL Public Speaking Class Anxiety at STKIP PGRI Banjarmasin
Authors: Aulia Vivi
Published: January 2023

Public speaking was a crucial activity that involved the act of making a speech in front of audience. When the students were required to deliver their speech in front of others, they may face a more difficult situation. This frequently results in anxiety where people experience the fear of giving public speeches. This research aimed to investigate the level of EFL students’ public speaking anxiety (PSA) at STKIP PGRI Banjarmasin and how they used their individual efforts or strategy to reduce their PSA. This research was conducted with a mixed method design. There were 16 EFL students investigated using the Public Speaking Class Anxiety Scale (PSCAS) questionnaire and interview after they passed a Public Speaking course during a semester. The results of this research revealed some important findings. First, most EFL students have a high level of PSA. Next, most of them feel that they are afraid of making mistakes when they were performing public speaking in class. The third, the main factor causing them to have PSA was the feeling that they were afraid of having negative evaluations from the teachers and their classmates after performing the public speaking activity. Finally, they usually practice with friends beyond the class as one of their individual efforts to reduce their PSA. The conclusion of this research showed that the majority of EFL students’ PSA at STKIP PGRI Banjarmasin was at a high level and working with friends was the most individual effort they usually made to reduce their PSA.
Dicto-Comp in Indonesian’ English Writing Class
Authors: Angraini Nike , Iman Jaya Nur
Published: January 2023

The present inquiry investigated the dicto-comp’ effectiveness on the writing achievement of EFL learners. An experimental research design, chiefly concerned on the non-equivalent pretest-posttest control group design, was taken into the research. Thirty six students were taken as the sample purposively. An English writing test was employed as the primary instrument to assess the writing achievement of EFL learners. The research results found out (1) the EFL learners’ English writing achievement level in the group of experimental after the treatment given was in the good and very good category, (2) dicto-comp significantly improved the EFL learners English writing achievement in the experimental group, and (3) dicto-comp made significant difference on EFL learners’ English writing achievement than those who were not. In conclusion, implementing dicto-comp improved the writing achievement of the EFL learners significantly. Pedagogical implications for English students and lecturers, stakeholder, and near future researchers were also made in this research.
Vocational High School Teachers’ Pedagogical Competence in Teaching English
Authors: Hidayatullah Heri , Qomariyah Siti Syafi’atul
Published: January 2023

Pedagogical competency is one of several competencies that teachers have to have merely for being a professional teacher. Referring to the process of recruitment held by governments and the reality of the teaching and learning process in the context of formal school, this current study tried to find out how the teachers’ pedagogical competence, especially in vocational high school. A descriptive qualitative research design was applied in order to deeply dig and analyzed the data needed. The subjects of the research were two teachers along with their own students. Interview and questionnaire were distributed to collect data and then analyzed using triangulation. The findings showed that the teachers understand and know well about their students’ learning styles which in turn to design and implement their teaching and learning via making conversation with the students and doing a pretest. However, most of the students’ responses were in contrast with the teachers’ responses. It could be concluded that the teachers’ pedagogical competence was categorized into low level due to not all students in their classes being invited to do conversation.
Editor’s Pick: Systemic Sclerosis: The Role of YAP/TAZ in Disease Pathogenesis
Authors: Walsh Thomas
Published: January 2023

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a systemic autoimmune condition of unknown cause. Yes-Associated Protein/Tafazzin (YAP/TAZ) are transcriptional coactivators previously demonstrated to be involved in cellular stretch biology, and form the principal effector molecules of the Hippo signalling pathway. The association between YAP/TAZ and stretch is contingent upon their cytoplasmic localisation (with nuclear translocation, the cell adopts a relaxed state). The author weighs the evidence for a central role for YAP/TAZ signalling in scleroderma spanning the major clinical features of the condition. Several of the features unique to SSc are mediated by cytoplasmic localisation of YAP/TAZ, including the stretch phenotype (through binding to NF-2), arterial lumenal obliteration (through their binding to angiomotin), the promotion of hypergammaglobulinaemia (via feedback to the upstream Hippo signalling molecule Mammalian Ste20-like Kinase 1), and the induction of B-Lymphocyte-Induced Maturation Protein-1 leading to the adoption of Th2 lineage, prominent in SSc. One observes that the induction of the fibrotic phenotype of scleroderma is mediated through GLI1/GLI2 (the effector molecules of the Hedgehog pathway). GLI1/GLI2 are induced to reciprocally enter the nucleus when YAP/TAZ is intracytoplasmic. The latter explains the characteristically increased connective tissue growth factor 2 and endothelin-1 expression. In this article, the author references some examples of the role of YAP/TAZ in the biophysically similar condition nephrogenic systemic fibrosis and suggests a role of YAP/TAZ cytoplasmic sequestration in programmed cell death protein 1-ligand antagonist-induced scleroderma.
Slowing Progression of Airway Diseases by Smoking Cessation and Reducing Infections
Authors: Lewis Keir , Morgan Mike , Jenkins David R.
Published: January 2023

The prevalence of respiratory diseases, including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, has increased in recent decades, placing a significant burden on healthcare systems and economies around the world. As these diseases are largely incurable, the aim of treatment is to control symptoms and improve quality of life. Aside from stopping smoking and reducing biomass fuel exposure, arguably the most effective strategy in the long-term management of chronic respiratory diseases is the prevention or control of respiratory infections via vaccines and antimicrobial agents. By preventing these infections or reducing exposure to some of the major risk factors, we can reduce further lung damage in these patients, thereby slowing disease progression. This review looks at maintaining long-term respiratory health in patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, primarily through smoking cessation, reducing exposure to allergens and air pollutants, and infection control.
Early and Long-Term Outcomes After Non-Intubated, Non-Resectional Lung Volume Reduction Surgery
Authors: Ambrogi Vincenzo , Gallina Filippo Tommaso , Mineo Tommaso Claudio
Published: January 2023

Objective: In 2001, the introduction of non-resectional lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) enabled surgery under non-intubated anaesthesia. This study compares this combined technique to a group of patients with a similar disorder who refused non-intubated anaesthesia.

Methods: Between January 2001 and October 2015, 108 patients with severe emphysema underwent non-resectional LVRS under non-intubated anaesthesia. During the same period, another 15 patients scheduled for LVRS refused non-intubated surgery and underwent the same procedure under traditional intubated modality. Respiratory and functional parameters were evaluated. Time to residual volume recurrence and overall survival were analysed with the Kaplan–Meier method.

Results: Thirteen cases (12%) required intubation due to tenacious pleuropulmonary adhesions (n=7) or intolerance (n=6). Compared with the intubated group, the non-intubated group were found to have significantly better results in post-operative partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood (PaCO2) (45±8 versus 52±8 mmHg; p=0.04), global operative time (41±24 versus 72±31 minutes; p=0.01), non-fatal complication rate (13.6% versus 33.3%; p=0.029), and especially postoperative pneumonia rate (3.1% versus 33.3%; p=0.004); patient satisfaction for anaesthesia was also improved in the non-intubated group (3.6±1.2 versus 2.8±1.7; p=0.03). Mean air leakage (5.3±3.5 versus 6.1±4.6 days), hospital stay (6.3±4.8 versus 8.0±6.1 days), and 90 days postoperative mortality rate (1.0% versus 6.6%) were lower, yet not significantly, in the non-intubated cohort. All mean respiratory and symptomatic parameters significantly improved in both groups, with no intergroup significant difference, and persisted for 4 years after surgery. Mean follow-up for the non-intubated group was 78±30 months. Analysis of time to residual volume recurrence and overall survival showed no statistically significant intergroup difference.

Conclusion: Non-intubated, non-resectional LVRS presents a 90-day postoperative non-fatal complication rate and patient satisfaction for non-intubated anaesthesia that are significantly better than intubated procedures. The long-term outcomes were similar between both groups.
Infecciones En Las vías Respiratorias Superiores En Niños Y Adultos: Carga Y Gestión
Authors: Legg Ewen
Published: January 2023

El tercer Encuentro Latinoamericano de Infecciones Respiratorias Recurrentes (ELAIR) tuvo lugar en Ciudad de México, México, los días 11 y 12 de mayo de 2017. ELAIR reunió a expertos de toda Latinoamérica y otros países, continuando con un extraordinario ejercicio didáctico sobre los vanguardistas avances de la medicina respiratoria. En los últimos 15 años, se ha logrado un progreso espectacular, gracias a la aparición de nuevos tratamientos disponibles para gestionar y evitar infecciones en las vías respiratorias. Queda por ver cómo podría afectar todo esto a las afecciones relacionadas de las sibilancias y el asma en los sujetos predispuestos e hipersensibles. No obstante, los primeros datos sugieren que las tasas más bajas de infección en las vías respiratorias podrían reducir el desarrollo de las afecciones antes mencionadas y estrechamente relacionadas con las infecciones víricas. Es probable que los inmunorreguladores que preparan el sistema inmunitario para combatir la infección y que además reducen la inflamación jueguen un papel fundamental en la prevención secundaria (e incluso potencialmente primaria) de las enfermedades atópicas.