bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TRANSPARENT PIG FARM: CONSUMER EDUCATION
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University ‒ Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, I.Yu. SVINAREV
Published: August 2021

Over the past 10 to 15 years, there has been a significant change in people's access to information. The need for food producers to understand consumers and their motivation when choosing a product has increased. The article compares consumer preferences in the United States and Russia. Specific examples are used to analyze the difference in the perception of visual information depending on the experience and knowledge of the biological characteristics of pigs. The 9 most relevant issues of educational work, including: environmental protection measures, measures to reduce odors, production in the open air and indoors, fixed or free maintenance of pregnant sows, castration, cutting of tails, grinding of fangs, the practice of using antibiotics, the practice of using growth stimulants, the nature of rapid growth and achieving slaughter condition, animal welfare. The answers to most of the above questions are contained in the information and technical handbook of the Best Available Technologies Intensive Pig Breeding, which was put into effect in the Russian Federation in December 2017. As the main tools for information communication with the consumer, it is proposed to use more actively social networks, company websites on the Internet, television and radio, publications in the press, agrotourism, agricultural classes and agricultural classes in schools.
SLAUGHTERHOUSE AND MEAT-GREASY QUALITIES OF PUREBRED AND HYBRID PIGS AT SLAUGHTER OF 100 KG AND 120 KG
Authors:   FSC of Legumes and Cereal Crops, A.D. LEVSHIN
Published: August 2021

The search for methods to increase the meat content of pigs is currently of paramount importance. The assessment of meat and fat qualities of purebred pigs of Precocious Meat breed and Large White breed, as well as their crossbreeds with each other and with specialized breeds Landrace and Large Black at slaughter with a live weight of 100 kg and 120 kg was carried out.
MHD Glauert Flow of a Hybrid Nanofluid with Heat Transfer
Authors: Iskandar Waini  , Anuar Ishak  , Ioan Pop
Published: August 2021

This paper examines the wall jet flow and heat transfer of the Glauert problem with the effect of the hybrid nanoparticles. Also, the influence of the magnetic field and the variable surface temperature are taken into consideration. Here, we consider copper (Cu) and alumina (Al2O3) as the hybrid nanoparticles while water is the base fluid. The governing equations are reduced to the similarity equations using similarity transformations. Then, the numerical solutions are obtained by using the bvp4c function in MATLAB software. The findings reveal that hybrid nanofluid provides a higher heat transfer rate compared to regular nanofluid. Besides, the heat transfer rate and the skin friction coefficient increase in the presence of nanoparticles. Moreover, the rise of the temperature index parameter contributes to the enhancement of the heat transfer rate, but it does not affect the skin friction coefficient. The stronger magnetic strength led to the reduction of the heat transfer rate and the skin friction coefficient.
Analysis of indoor environment and performance of net-zero energy building with vacuum glazed windows
Authors: Takao Katsura  , Haruhiko Ito  , Kirina Komuro  , Katsunori Nagano  , Saim Memon
Published: August 2021

The total energy and indoor thermal environment of an office building, which aims at the net-zero energy building, were measured and analysed. The annual total primary energy consumption of ‘Measurement’ was smaller than the value of ‘Calculation’ at design phase and achieved net-zero. The result of analysis of the thermal environment shows that the comfortable thermal environment was maintained. Also, the insulation performance and heat balance of the vacuum glazed windows in winter was evaluated. The overall heat transfer coefficients calculated by using the monitoring data were almost equal to the rated overall heat transfer coefficient and the high insulation performance of vacuum glazed windows was maintained even in the second year’s operation. In addition, the amount of heat gain due to solar radiation on the window surface was much larger than the amount of heat loss due to transmission. The vacuum glazed windows with high thermal insulation performance on the south side can reduce the heating load and contribute to the achievement of net-zero in the buildings.
Daylighting, artificial electric lighting, solar heat gain, and space-heating energy performance analyses of electrochromic argon gas-filled smart windows retrofitted to the building
Authors: Saim Memon  , Robert Dawson  , Zafar Said  , Siamak Hoseinzadeh  , Ali Sohani  , Ali Radwan  , Takao Katsura
Published: August 2021

The inevitability to reduce CO2 emissions to avoid preventable climate change is widely being yelped. To minimise the impact of rapidly changing climate, this paper presents novel research findings and contributes to developing electrochromic argon gas-filled glazed smart windows retrofitted to the building with IoT based transparency control. In this, the comparative analyses of the daylighting, electrical lighting, solar heat gain, and space-heating load of the building using the dynamic thermal and electric lighting modelling methods based on real weather temperatures are presented. The daylighting analysis results implicate that the building with electrochromic argon gas-filled smart windows reduced 19% of daylight illuminance during summer months compared with the building retrofitted with double air-filled glazed windows daylight factor remains consistent. As such, the solar heat gains analysis results implicate at least 50 % annual solar heat gain reduction predicted in the building with electrochromic argon gas-filled smart windows in comparison to double air-filled windows. This leads to the conclusion of the space-heating energy analysis that implicates the highest contribution to the space heating demand is the solar heat gain caused by double air-filled glazed windows. The results confirm that the LED artificial electric lighting system requires fewer fittings and thus total power load compared to the fluorescent lighting system, throughout the year, to the building with electrochromic argon gas-filled glazed smart windows. The daylight controls are linked to the electrochromic argon gas-filled glazed smart windows, so they only operate when the glazing is tinted, or the daylight level drops below a set level; this will reduce the energy usage and also lower the space heating of the room.
Enhancing the renewable energy payback period of a photovoltaic power generation system by water flow cooling
Authors: Ali Sohani  , Mohammad Hassan Shahverdian  , Hoseyn Sayyaadi  , Siamak Hoseinzadeh  , Saim Memon
Published: August 2021

A photovoltaic system which enjoys water flow cooling to enhance the performance is considered, and the impact of water flow rate variation on energy payback period is investigated. The investigation is done by developing a mathematical model to describe the heat transfer and fluid flow. A poly crytalline PV module with the nomical capacity of 150 W that is located in city Tehran, Iran, is chosen as the case study. The results show that by incresing water flow rate, EPBP declines first linearly, from the inlet water flow rate of 0 to 0.015 kg.s-1, and then, EPBP approaches a constant value. When there is no water flow cooling, EPBP is 8.88, while by applying the water flow rate of 0.015 kg.s-1, EPBP reaches 6.26 years. However, only 0.28 further years decreament in EPBP is observed when the inlet water mass flow rate becomes 0.015 kg.s-1. Consequently, an optimum limit for the inlet water mass flow rate could be defined, which is the point the linear trend turns into approaching a constant value. For this case, as indicated, this value is 0.015 kg.s-1.
Саморазвитие и самоорганизация личности
Authors: Lysuenko S. A.
Published: August 2021

Соответствует содержанию курса «Технологии саморазвития и самоорганизации», содержит вопросы для самопроверки после каждой темы, а также практические задания, позволяющие студентам углубить полученные теоретические знания и овладеть методами и техниками саморазвития и самоорганизации. Для студентов педагогических вузов очной и заочной форм обучения, обучающихся по направлениям подготовки: 44.03.05 Педагогическое образование (с двумя профилями подготовки) и 44.03.01 Педагогическое образование, уровень подготовки бакалавриат
Modeling and the main stages of spin coating process: A review
Authors: Mustafa Haveen Ahmed Mustafa , Jameel Dler Adil
Published: August 2021

Spin coating is a technique employed for the deposition of uniform thin films of organic materials in the range of micrometer to nanometer on flat substrates. Typically, a small amount of coating material generally as a liquid is dropped over the substrate center, which is either static or spinning at low speed. The substrate is then rotated at the desired speed and the coating material has been spread by centrifugal force. A device that is used for spin coating is termed a spin coater or just a spinner. The substrate continued to spin and the fluid spins off the boundaries of the substrate until the film is reached the required thickness. The thickness and the characteristics of coated layer (film) are depending on the number of rotations per minute (rpm) and the time of rotation. Therefore, a mathematical model is obtained to clarify the prevalent method controlling thin film fabrication. Viscosity and the concentration of (solution) spin coating material are also affecting the thickness of the substrate. This article reviews spin coating techniques including stages in the coating process such as deposition, spin-up, stable fluid outflow (spin-off), and evaporation. Additionally, the main affecting factors on the film thickness in the coating process are reviewed.
Lean integration of IT security and data privacy governance aspects into product development in agile organizations
Authors: Poth Alexander , Kottke Mario , Middelhauve Kerstin , Mahr Torsten , Riel Andreas
Published: August 2021

This article deals with the design of a product development-specific framework to support lean and adequate governance. This framework is based on layers of product-specific standards and regulations. The layers can be merged into a specific set to address the demands of a product to fit the state-of-the-art requirements of its domain. For the product domain, specific layers are presented with examples from IT security and data privacy for the software development phase. The approach is generic and can be extended to other domains like finance services or embedded products and their life-cycle phases.
A Compiler and Language Support for Designing Mixed-Criticality Applications
Authors: Kajtazovic Nermin , Hödl Peter , Botler Leo Happ
Published: August 2021

Coexistence of software components and functions of different criticality in a single computing platform has challenged the safety community for the past two decades. Despite efforts that have been made so far, dealing with mixed-criticality has still left some room for improvements. One particular concern here is that partitioning of hardware and software resources with regard to criticality (safety related, non-safety related) has direct implications on how safety measures need to be realised. For example, a self-test that must meet certain diagnostic coverage for the microcontroller core by inspecting its instructions, needs to cover only those instructions which are able to affect a safety function. Available software mechanisms and tools are to a certain extent still unable to deal with such a fine-grained selection of resources. In this work, we introduce a compiler extension and language support which enable accurate selection of data based on their criticality. The compiler extension serves to establish detailed traceability between the software code and its representation in runtime memory. With the language support, the individual data elements can be classified based on the desired safety integrity level. As a result, safety measures that operate on data (e.g. Abraham test for SRAM can achieve better coverage. The method has been evaluated and applied to industrial safety controllers. We provide here relevant performance figures and discuss possible applications of the method in other fields.
Cybersecurity Verification and Validation Testing in Automotive
Authors: Ekert Damjan , Dobaj Jürgen , Salamun Alen
Published: August 2021

The new generations of cars have a number of ECUs (Electronic Control Units) which are connected to a central gateway and need to pass cybersecurity integration tests to fulfil the homologation requirements of cars. Cars usually have a gateway server (few have additional domain servers) with Linux and a large number of ECUs which are real time control of actuators (ESP, EPS, ABS, etc. – usually they are multicore embedded controllers) connected by a real time automotive specific bus (CAN-FD) to the domain controller or gateway server. The norms (SAE J3061, ISO 21434) require cybersecurity related verification and validation. Fir the verification car manufacturers use a network test suite which runs > 2000 test cases and which have to be passed for homologation. These norms have impact on the way how car communication infrastructure is tested, and which cybersecurity attack patterns are checked before a road release of an ECU/car.

This paper describes typical verification and validation approaches in modern vehicles and how such test cases are derived and developed.
Recent Advances in Cybersecurity and Safety Architectures in Automotive, IT, and Connected Services
Authors: Messnarz Richard , Colomo-Palacios Ricardo , Macher Georg , Riel Andreas , Biro Miklos
Published: August 2021

This is a special issue in cooperation with EuroSPI (www.eurospi.net). EuroSPI represents a large international network of renowned experts and annual European conference series running successfully since its foundation in 1994. From 2013 onwards, an international functional safety and from 2016 onwards a functional safety and cybersecurity workshop has been established, to which leading European and Asian industry and research have been actively contributing to.

High-quality,  original  papers  about  best  practices  for  implementing  functional  safety  and cybersecurity in automotive, IT, and connected services have been selected for this special issue. They provide insights into the current state of the art implementations in automotive safety and cybersecurity, IT security, and safety in future highly autonomous self-learning vehicles.
Cybersecurity Threat Analysis, Risk Assessment and Design Patterns for Automotive Networked Embedded Systems: A Case Study
Authors: Dobaj Jürgen , Ekert Damjan , Stolfa Jakub , Stolfa Svatopluk , Macher Georg , Messnarz Richard
Published: August 2021

Cybersecurity has become a crucial challenge in the automotive sector. At the current stage, the framework described by the ISO/SAE 21434 is insufficient to derive concrete methods for the design of secure automotive networked embedded systems on the supplier level. This article describes a case study with actionable steps for designing secure systems and systematically eliciting traceable cybersecurity requirements to address this gap. The case study is aligned with the ISO/SAE 21434 standard and can provide the basis for integrating cybersecurity engineering into company-specific processes and practice specifications.
Les géants du Net face aux États
Authors: Soupizet Jean-François
Published: August 2021

La première vague de Covid-19 et le strict confinement des populations qui l’a accompagnée au printemps 2020 ont montré le rôle crucial des technologies de l’information, d’Internet, des plates-formes et de tous les outils qui y sont liés, dans la poursuite des activités courantes. Paradoxalement, alors que de larges pans des économies nationales s’effondraient, les entreprises du numérique voyaient leur activité exploser, tout comme leurs bénéfices. Et dans ce secteur, les parts du gâteau se répartissent entre une poignée de groupes mastodontes, principalement américains et chinois. Leur puissance va croissant et ces géants du Net sont devenus incontournables pour la plupart des usagers-consommateurs de biens et services, mais aussi pour de plus en plus de pouvoirs publics. Dans ce contexte, de nombreuses questions se posent quant aux conséquences de cette puissance exponentielle et de l’expansion tentaculaire de ces géants : comment protéger les données des utilisateurs ? Comment les États peuvent-ils préserver leur indépendance et leur souveraineté dans certains domaines massivement investis par ces Big Tech ? Quelles régulations peuvent être envisagées pour contrecarrer leur influence croissante, sur fond de rivalité accrue entre les États-Unis et la Chine, avec une Europe à la traîne ? Jean-François Soupizet propose ici un certain nombre de clefs permettant de comprendre cette ascension des géants du Net et leur immixtion dans les rouages de notre quotidien ; il montre comment les États, sur différents continents, tentent de réguler leur activité, tant bien que mal, dans une économie mondialisée. Il esquisse enfin trois scénarios d’évolution possible dans l’équilibre des pouvoirs entre ces géants et les États, et les issues qui pourraient en découler.  S.D.
2101, une rétrospective du climat
Authors: Salas y Mélia David
Published: August 2021

La plupart des analyses traitant aujourd’hui des changements climatiques et de leurs conséquences s’appuient sur des ensembles de projections intégrant plusieurs scénarios plausibles d’évolution des émissions humaines de gaz à effet de serre. Or l’intensité de ces émissions futures est, par nature, incertaine car dépendante des évolutions socio-économiques, qui ne peuvent être prédites pour l’ensemble du XXI e  siècle. Selon l’évolution future des émissions, le réchauffement planétaire simulé par les modèles en 2100 par rapport au niveau préindustriel varie de 1,5 °C à 5 °C ou plus. Cette approche permet donc d’associer à un scénario socio-économique un changement du climat, et d’en déduire les impacts dans de nombreux domaines. Réciproquement, il est également possible de déterminer les politiques mondiales d’émissions compatibles avec une cible de réchauffement donnée. L’article de David Salas y Mélia repose sur un autre mode de réflexion prospective, le backcasting , qui consiste, à partir d’une situation climatique future, à remonter le fil du temps et relater les événements y ayant mené. L’auteur se place ici en 2101 et examine l’enchaînement de circonstances qui ont conduit à un réchauffement de la température planétaire jusqu’à un pic de 3,1 °C en 2068, par rapport à l’ère préindustrielle, avec un focus sur l’océan dans le cadre de notre série consacrée à la mer. Il pointe l’insouciance des années actuelles qui ne permettra pas d’engager des actions suffisamment vigoureuses pour limiter le changement climatique ; il présente les techniques de géo-ingénierie envisagées pour pallier ces insuffisances, puis les conséquences des évolutions constatées ; et enfin, le choix du recours à la technique du « Grand Parasol » pour renvoyer le rayonnement solaire vers l’espace avant qu’il n’atteigne la Terre, qui permettra juste de ralentir l’évolution, de ne pas basculer dans le pire scénario, mais n’empêchera pas la régression de la vie et des pertes majeures dans nos écosystèmes. Mais nous ne sommes qu’en 2021… Est-il encore temps de sortir de l’insouciance pour entreprendre les actions drastiques qui s’imposent ?  S.D.
L’Europe et ses territoires
Authors: Drevet Jean-François
Published: August 2021

La pandémie de Covid qui sévit dans le monde depuis près de deux ans a d’importantes conséquences sur la localisation des emplois et de l’activité, en raison de la limitation de la mobilité et du recours accru au télétravail qui l’ont accompagnée. Il est encore difficile de mesurer si la volonté parfois exprimée par une partie des travailleurs de quitter les grandes métropoles pour des villes moyennes ou la campagne, sera suivie d’effets, et ce de manière pérenne, mais de nombreux observateurs estiment que la période actuelle aura un impact sur l’aménagement du territoire, en France, comme dans bien d’autres États membres de l’Union européenne. Dans ce contexte et alors même que plusieurs pays européens avaient déjà entrepris de revoir leur organisation régionale, avant la pandémie, Jean-François Drevet fait ici le point sur les enjeux auxquels la politique européenne de cohésion et les autres acteurs de l’aménagement du territoire doivent et devront faire face prochainement.  S.D.
A Defective CXCL16/CXCR6 Axis Increases the Risk of Pregnancy Loss via the Abnormal Crosstalk between Decidual γδ T Cells and Trophoblasts
Authors: Fan Deng-Xuan , Li Ming-Qing , Zhou Wen-Jie , Huang Hong-Lan , Yang Hui-Li , Xu Cong-Jian
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective:

The maternal-fetal interface undergoes dynamic changes to allow the fetus to grow and develop in the uterus. The interaction between decidual γδ T cells and trophoblasts plays a pivotal role during successful pregnancy; however, their physiological functions in early-term human pregnancy are still not completely illustrated. This study was undertaken to illustrate the functional roles of CXCL16/CXCR6 to prevent pregnancy loss via the crosstalk between decidual γδ T cells and HTR8/SVneo trophoblast cells.

Methods:

The percentile of CXCR6+ γδ T cells in the peripheral blood from normal female and recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) patients was analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression of CXCR6 was detected in decidual immune cells via flow cytometry, and the expression of CXCL16 was analyzed in HTR8/SVneo trophoblast cells and lentivirus (LV)-HTR8/SVneo trophoblast cells via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was used to verify the expression of the CXCL16 gene in LV-HTR8/SVneo trophoblast cells. Expression of granzyme B and cytokines and proliferation of decidual γδ T cocultured with HTR8/SVneo trophoblast cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Invasion of HTR8/SVneo trophoblast cells was assessed via Matrigel transwell assay. Adoptive transfer was induced in vivo further to illustrate that the normal expression of CXCL16/CXCR6 could prevent pregnancy loss.

Results:

The percentile of CXCR6+ γδ T cells in the peripheral blood from RSA patients was lower than normal pregnancies. The expression of CXCR6 was highest in the decidual γδ T cells among decidual immune cells, and the expression of CXCL16 increased as the amount of HTR8/SVneo trophoblast cells increased. Expression of granzyme B in the decidual γδ T cells was downregulated by cocultured with HTR8/SVneo cells dependent of CXCL16, and HTR8/SVneo trophoblast cells induced the Th2 cytokines production in the decidual γδ T cells. Both the expression of CXCR6 in the decidual γδ T cells and proliferation of the decidual γδ T cells were promoted by HTR8/SVneo trophoblast cells. On the other hand, decidual γδ T cells enhanced the invasion of HTR8/SVneo trophoblast cells and thus promoted embryo implantation. In vivo study was taken further and shown that low expression of CXCL16/CXCR6 results in pregnancy loss because of dialog disorder between decidual γδ T cells and trophoblasts.

Conclusions:

Low expression of CXCL16/CXCR6 results in pregnancy loss because of the dialog disorder between decidual γδ T cells and trophoblasts, and it showed a light on the effective strategy of adoptive transfer of CXCR6+ γδ T cells on the treatment of RSA. This observation provides a scientific basis on which a potential strategy can be applied to the early-detect and treatment of RSA.
Participation of Nitrogen Oxide and Its Metabolites in the Genesis of Hyperimmune Inflammation in COVID-19
Authors: Lysenkov Sergey Petrovich , Muzhenya Dmitriy Vitalevich , Tuguz Aminat Ramazanovna , Urakova Tamara Ur’evna , Shumilov Dmitriy Sergeevich , Thakushinov Ibragim Askarbievich
Published: August 2021

Despite the success in the tactics of treating COVID-19, there are many unexplored issues related to the development and progression of the process in the lungs, brain, and other organs, as well as the role of individual elements, in particular, nitric oxide (NO), and in the pathogenesis of organ damage. Based on the analyzed literature data, we considered a possible pathophysiological mechanism of action of NO and its derivatives in COVID-19. It can be noted that hyperimmune systemic inflammation and “cytokine storm” are enhanced by the production of NO, products of its oxidation (“nitrosative stress”). It is noted in the work that as a result of the oxidation of NO, a large amount of the toxic compound peroxynitrite is formed, which is a powerful proinflammatory agent. Its presence significantly damages the endothelium of the vascular walls and also oxidizes lipids, hemoglobin, myoglobin, and cytochrome, binds SH-groups of proteins, and damages DNA in the target cells. This is confirmed by the picture of the vessels of the lungs on computed tomography and the data of biochemical studies. In case of peroxynitrite overproduction, inhibition of the synthesis of NO and its metabolic products seems to be justified. Another aspect considered in this work is the mechanism of damage by the virus to the central and peripheral nervous system, which remains poorly understood but may be important in understanding the consequences, as well as predicting brain functions in persons who have undergone COVID-19. According to the analyzed literature, it can be concluded that brain damage is possible due to the direct effect of the virus on the peripheral nerves and central structures, and indirectly through the effect on the endothelium of cerebral vessels. Disturbances in the central nervous regulation of immune responses may be associated with the insufficient function of the acetylcholine anti-inflammatory system. It is proposed to further study several approaches to influence various links of NO exchange, which are of interest for theoretical and practical medicine.
Does the Serum Vitamin D Status and its Possible Effect on Serum Anti-Müllerian Hormone Levels Predict Fertility in Premenopausal Women?
Authors: Lawal Oyinkansola Islamiyat
Published: August 2021

Context:

Evidence suggests that serum Vitamin D level influences female reproduction. However, clinical studies have reported conflicting evidence on the effect of serum Vitamin D levels on serum Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), with little evidence in African women.

Aim:

The study aimed to compare the relationship between serum Vitamin D and serum AMH among infertile and fertile women.

Settings and Design:

This comparative cross-sectional study analyzed data from 170 premenopausal women; 81 infertile, and 89 fertile women attending a Nigerian tertiary hospital between March and June 2019.

Materials and Methods:

Serum AMH and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) Vitamin D) concentrations were analysed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Statistical Analysis:

Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 25 for windows. Categorical variables were summarized in frequencies and proportions while continuous variables were summarized in means ± standard deviation and median (interquartile range). The association was explored using linear regression. The level of significance was set at 0.05.

Results:

The prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/ml) in infertile women and fertile women was 16% and 18%, respectively. There was no difference in serum Vitamin D levels between infertile and fertile women in this study after controlling for age and body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.186). There was no association between serum 25(OH) Vitamin D and serum AMH in infertile (B = 0.002; P = 0.474) and fertile women (B = [FIGURE DASH]0.002; P = 0.522) after adjusting for age and BMI.

Conclusion:

Infertile and fertile women had similar serum Vitamin D levels and there was no relationship between serum Vitamin D and serum AMH in both infertile and fertile women.
Low ambient temperature correlates with the severity of dry eye symptoms
Authors: Ho Wei-Ting , Chiu Chiung-Yi , Chang Shu-Wen
Published: August 2021

PURPOSE:

The symptoms of dry eye disease (DED) are influenced by environmental factors, but the effect of ambient temperature is less certain. Our purpose was to investigate the relationship between the severity of DED symptoms and the ambient temperature.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This retrospective study reviewed the symptom scores, including ocular surface disease index (OSDI) and standardized patient evaluation of eye dryness (SPEED), as well as tear film parameters of first-time DED patients between June 2018 and June 2019. The contribution of tear film parameters and environmental factors, including ambient temperature, humidity, wind speed, and the concentration of air pollutants, to the severity of dry eye symptoms was evaluated by univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses.

RESULTS:

There were 351 patients included aged 52.8 ± 13.6 years, and 257 (73.2%) were female. The average tear film break-up time, Schirmer test value, and lipid layer thickness were 2.6 ± 0.7 s, 5.5 ± 4.3 mm, and 64.1 ± 6.0 μm, respectively. The average OSDI and SPEED were 41.8 ± 19.8 and 12.1 ± 5.1, respectively. In winter, the patients reported higher OSDI and SPEED. Both scores were significantly correlated with low ambient temperature. Regression analysis showed that low ambient temperature and Schirmer test value contributed to higher OSDI, while low ambient temperature and younger age contributed to higher SPEED.

CONCLUSION:

Low ambient temperature plays a significant role in DED symptom severity.
Hypoglycemia in Older People With Type 2 Diabetes: Prevention and Treatment Strategies for Outpatient and Long-Term Care Facility Settings
Authors: Nguyen Jacqueline V. , Roseberry Samantha , Rivas Jennifer Alisha , Cauthon Kimberly A.B.
Published: August 2021

Hypoglycemia in the older population is a significant problem accounting for increased hospitalizations, emergency room visits, health care costs, and decreased quality of life. Older patients are more susceptible to hypoglycemia because of the increased prevalence of comorbidities requiring multiple medications, age-related physiologic changes, and a progressive decline in health. Older patients are less likely to present with symptoms of hypoglycemia and symptoms may frequently appear at a lower threshold of blood glucose than in younger patients. Consequently, preventing and treating hyperglycemia in older patients can be challenging. If mismanaged, the impact of hypoglycemia in these patients can lead to acute and chronic negative outcomes. Insulin and sulfonylureas should be closely monitored, and deprescribing should be routinely considered in older patients at high risk for hypoglycemia.
Medication Management and Deprescribing in Assisted Living Facilities
Authors: Zahn Brent , Reist Jeffrey , Kennelty Korey , Casteel Carri , Shannon Zacariah K. , Niles Michael
Published: August 2021

Medication management for seniors is a foundation for keeping them healthy and independent. A vital aspect of medication management is the selective discontinuation of medications, or deprescribing. While this is a common practice within nursing homes it seems to be less common among
those who live in assisted living facilities. Shockingly little exiting literature was found when conducting a literature review concerning deprescribing in assisted living facilities. Therefore, it was determined to set forth this call to action to focus on deprescribing in assisted living
facilities hoping that it would be given more attention to keep our seniors healthy and safe.
A Systematic Review of the Efficacy and Safety of Over-the-Counter Medications Used in Older People for the Treatment of Primary Insomnia
Authors: Almond Sandrah-Ann M. , Warren Madelyne J. , Shealy Kayce M. , Threatt Tiffaney B. , Ward Eileen D.
Published: August 2021

Objective The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the available evidence for safety and efficacy of over-the-counter (OTC) sleep aids used for the treatment of insomnia in older people. Data Sources PubMed, EBSCO, and International Pharmaceutical
Abstracts. Study Selection: Five studies were included that involved humans 65 years of age and older being evaluated on OTC sleep aids in the outpatient setting. Data Extraction Data extraction from each study included primary and secondary efficacy endpoints,
such as differences in the mean total sleep time, sleep latency, sleep efficiency, and number of awakenings, along with safety endpoints, such as psychomotor ability, cognitive ability, and adverse effect profiles. Both subjective and objective measures of changes in sleep and adverse effects
were included. Data Synthesis Diphenhydramine had a statistically significant increase in sedation and decrease in number of awakenings but was not shown to be any less or more safe than compared products. Despite lacking safety issues, valerian was found to have no effect
on subjective or objective sleep outcomes. Overall, melatonin had the most evidence and was found to have a statistically significant positive impact on sleep measures without safety issues. Conclusion Diphenhydramine and melatonin appear to be efficacious in improving some
sleep measures while causing minimal adverse effects. However, there are very few studies that examine the use of over-the-counter sleep aids in those 65 years of age and older with primary insomnia. Additional studies are needed in this population.
Transitions of Care: A Student Perspective on the Value of Current Successes and Growth Opportunities in the PharmD Curriculum
Authors: Tyger Tristan Nicole , Ruby Christine M.
Published: August 2021

Transitions of care (TOC) is becoming an essential component of pharmacy practice, and requires problem solving that is difficult to learn in the classroom. My unique experience of interning in community and inpatient settings along with doing my own TOC research with geriatric patients
has allowed me to see patients throughout the spectrum of health care, and how discrepancies arise as they move between settings. This manuscript will provide insight to pharmacy students about why TOC is a critical area for pharmacist involvement, and how we must be prepared to guide patients
through these transitions as we become new practitioners.
О свойствах рассеивания операции модульного сложения по системам импримитивности группы сдвигов двоичного векторного пространства
Authors: Burov Dmitry Alexandrovich
Published: August 2021

В работе изучаются рассеивающие свойства операции модульного сложения для систем импримитивности группы сдвигов двоичного векторного пространства $V_n = \{0,1\}^n$. Описаны все подпространства пространства $V_n$, индуцирующие системы импримитивности, по которым операция модульного сложения рассеивает хуже всего.
О синтезе обратимых схем из элементов NOT, CNOT и 2-CNOTс малым числом дополнительных входов
Authors: Zakablukov Dmitry Vladimirovich
Published: August 2021

Рассматриваются обратимые схемы, состоящие из функциональных элементов NOT, CNOT и 2-CNOT и имеющие малое число дополнительных входов. Изучается функция Шеннонa сложности $L(n, q)$ такой схемы, реализующей отображение $f\colon \mathbb Z_2^n \to \mathbb Z_2^n$, при условии, что количество дополнительных входов $q = O(n^2)$. Доказывается соотношение $L(n,q) \asymp n2^n \mathop / \log_2 n$ для указанного диапазона значений $q$. Устанавливается порядок роста $L(n,q) \asymp n2^n \mathop / \log_2 (n+q)$ для всех значений $q \lesssim n2^{n-\lceil n \mathop / \phi(n)\rceil}$, где $\phi(n) \to \infty$ и $n \mathop / \phi(n) - \log_2 n \to \infty$ при $n \to \infty$.
О «древесной» структуре натуральных чисел
Authors: Iudelevich Vitalii Victorovich
Published: August 2021

Существует естественный способ сопоставлять каждому натуральному числу определeнный граф в виде дерева. В настоящей работе мы исследуем средние значения числа рeбер, висячих вершин и высоты деревьев, соответствующих натуральным числам, не превосходящих данной величины.
Об условиях асимптотической нормальности числа повторений в стационарной случайной последовательности
Authors: Mikhailov Vladimir Gavrilovich , Mezhennaya Natalia Mikhailovna , Volgin Artem Vladimirovich
Published: August 2021

Рассматривается задача об условиях асимптотической нормальности числа повторений (пар одинаковых значений) в отрезке стационарной (в узком смысле) случайной последовательности величин из $\{1,2,\ldots,N\}$, обладающей свойством равномерно сильного перемешивания. Показано, что при естественных предположениях необходимым условием асимптотической нормальности числа повторений при неограниченном удлинении наблюдаемого отрезка является отличие стационарного распределения последовательности от равновероятного. При определенных условиях для этой предельной теоремы получена оценка точности нормальной аппроксимации в равномерной метрике.
О поиске периодов многочленов Жегалкина
Authors: Selezneva Svetlana Nikolaevna
Published: August 2021

Периодом функции алгебры логики $f(x_1, \ldots, x_n)$ называется такой набор $a = (a_1, \ldots, a_n)$ из нулей и единиц, что верно тождество $f(x_1+a_1, \ldots, x_n+a_n) = f(x_1, \ldots, x_n)$. Функция алгебры логики называется периодической, если существует ее ненулевой период. В работе предложен алгоритм, который по многочлену Жегалкина функции алгебры логики $f(x_1, \ldots, x_n)$ находит базис пространства всех ее периодов со сложностью $n^{O(d)}$, где $d$ - степень функции $f$. Как следствие показано, что найти базис пространства всех периодов функции алгебры логики ограниченной степени по ее многочлену Жегалкина можно со сложностью, полиномиальной по числу переменных функции.
Об одном классе нерегулярных языков
Authors: Groshev Cyril Igorevich
Published: August 2021

Предъявляется один класс нерегулярных языков, связанный с заменой систем счисления.
Предельные совместные распределения статистик трех критериев пакета NIST
Authors: Savelov M P
Published: August 2021

Найдены совместное распределение и предельное совместное распределение статистик следующих критериев пакета NIST: «Monobit Test», «Frequency Test within a Block» и «Cumulative Sums Test» в случае, когда исследуемая последовательность имеет распределение Бернулли. В случае, когда в критерии «Frequency Test within a Block» используются два блока, найдены попарные ковариации данных статистик.
Các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến ý định mua lặp lại sản phẩm trị nám của phụ nữ tại Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh
Authors: Tú Huỳnh Thanh , Tuấn Trần Văn
Published: August 2021

Nghiên cứu các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến ý định mua lặp lại sản phẩm trị nám của phụ nữ tại Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh từ đó đưa ra các đề xuất hàm ý quản trị giúp cho khách hàng của các công ty nâng cao ý định mua lặp lại sản phẩm trị nám tại Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh. Quá trình nghiên cứu đã khảo sát 370 người tại các cửa hàng mỹ phẩm và đã chọn lọc ra được 354 người có phiếu trả lời hợp lệ. Kết quả nghiên cứu đã phát hiện 05 yếu tố ảnh hưởng tới ý định mua lặp lại sản phẩm trị nám của phụ nữ tại Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, đó là: Người nổi tiếng (X1), Giá sản phẩm (X2), Bao bì sản phẩm (X4), Chất lượng sản phẩm (X5), Độ tuổi (X6). Trong đó, X2 (β=0.281), X6 (β=.192) là hai yếu tố tác động mạnh nhất tới ý định mua lặp lại sản phẩm trị nám của phụ nữ tại Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh. Kết quả nghiên cứu đã gợi ý một số hàm ý quản trị quan trọng cho các công ty nhằm nâng cao ý định mua lặp lại sản phẩm trị nám của phụ nữ tại Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh.
Nghiên cứu các nhân tố ảnh hưởng đến ý định khởi nghiệp của sinh viên trường đại học Tiền Giang
Authors: Hiền Võ Văn , Trang Lê Hoàng Vân
Published: August 2021

Mục đích của bài viết là xác định các nhân tố ảnh hưởng đến ý định khởi nghiệp của sinh viên trường Đại học Tiền Giang. Nghiên cứu dựa trên lý thuyết hành vi dự định của Ajzen (1991) kết hợp với các nghiên cứu liên quan để xây dựng mô hình nghiên cứu đề xuất gồm bảy nhân tố tác động đến ý định khởi nghiệp. Nghiên cứu định tính nhằm điều chỉnh mô hình và thang đo sơ bộ, hình thành mô hình và thang đo nghiên cứu chính thức. Nghiên cứu định lượng được tiến hành để kiểm định độ tin cậy thang đo và đo lường mức độ ảnh hưởng của các nhân tố đến ý định khởi nghiệp thông qua phân tích hồi quy tuyến tính đa biến. Kết quả nghiên cứu chỉ ra rằng có năm nhân tố ảnh hưởng đến ý định khởi nghiệp của sinh viên, sắp xếp theo mức độ ảnh hưởng giảm dần là: (1) đặc điểm tính cách, (2) giáo dục khởi nghiệp, (3) kinh nghiệm, (4) nhận thức kiểm soát hành vi và (5) quy chuẩn chủ quan. Dựa trên kết quả nghiên cứu, một số hàm ý quản trị liên quan đến 5 nhân tố ảnh hưởng cũng được đưa ra nhằm nâng cao ý định khởi nghiệp của sinh viên nhà trường, đồng thời đề xuất hướng nghiên cứu cho tương lai.
Rủi ro và thách thức an ninh mạng trong lĩnh vực ngân hàng tại Việt Nam
Authors: Phương Nguyễn Văn , Diễn Trần Văn
Published: August 2021

Không gian mạng cung cấp tiềm năng vô hạn về hội nhập toàn cầu và phát triển kinh tế xã hội trong thế kỷ 21. Tuy nhiên, rủi ro và thách thức về an ninh mạng đã trở thành mối quan tâm hàng đầu của người sử dụng Internet; đặc biệt trong lĩnh vực ngân hàng. Chính vì thế nghiên cứu này nhằm khám phá và làm rõ những rủi ro, thách thức về an ninh mạng trong lĩnh vực ngân hàng tại Việt Nam. Nghiên cứu này sử dụng phương pháp định tính thông qua 10 cuộc phỏng vấn chuyên sâu và ứng dụng phần mềm NVIVO để phân tích nội dung phỏng vấn. Kết quả nghiên cứu nhằm giúp cho người sử dụng dịch vụ ngân hàng online và các nhà quản lý ngân hàng thấy rõ vấn đề an ninh mạng. Đồng thời kết quả nghiên cứu này sẽ làm sáng tỏ cách thức mà các nhà hoạch định chính sách có thể phát triển khung chính sách an ninh mạng trong lĩnh vực ngân hàng, cân bằng các khía cạnh lợi ích của việc sử dụng dịch vụ ngân hàng trực tuyến.
Mối quan hệ giữa quản lý tri thức, đổi mới, và hiệu quả tổ chức: Nghiên cứu thực nghiệm tại các doanh nghiệp vừa và nhỏ ở Việt Nam
Authors: Tuấn Phạm Anh , Trung Phạm Quốc
Published: August 2021

Nghiên Cứu (NC) này dựa trên mô hình NC của Valdez-Juárez, García-Pérez de Lema, và Maldonado-Guzmán (2016) và các lý thuyết có liên quan nhằm mục đính xem xét mối quan hệ giữa Quản Lý Tri Thức (QLTT), đổi mới và Hiệu Quả Tổ Chức (HQTC) trong các Doanh Nghiệp Vừa Và Nhỏ (DNVVN) tại Việt Nam (VN). Bảng câu hỏi khảo sát được gởi tới các nhà quản lý đã và đang làm việc tại các DNVVN thuộc các lĩnh vực xây dựng, thương mại, dịch vụ, và sản xuất. Dữ liệu thu về được phân tích bằng phần mềm SPSS v20 và AMOS v22. Kết quả cho thấy các yếu tố Đào tạo nhân viên, Chiến lược và chính sách của Doanh Nghiệp (DN), Thu nhận tri thức của nhân viên, và Văn Hóa Tổ Chức (VHTC) là có ảnh hưởng tích cực đến sự đổi mới và sự đổi mới có ảnh hưởng tích cực đến HQTC. Từ kết quả của NC này, NC cũng đề xuất một số kiến nghị nhằm giúp các DNVVN áp dụng QLTT một cách hiệu quả, từ đó, nâng cao năng lực đổi mới và cải thiện HQTC.
Đánh giá thực trạng khai thác tài nguyên du lịch huyện đảo Lý Sơn, tỉnh Quảng Ngãi
Authors: Trang Trương Thị Thùy , Trinh Hạ Thị Thùy
Published: August 2021

Đảo Lý Sơn sở hữu nhiều giá trị về văn hóa, danh lam thắng cảnh đặc sắc, các lễ hội đặc trưng của vùng Trung bộ và một lễ hội độc đáo, mang tính duy nhất “Lễ khao lề thế lính Hoàng sa”; đây là cơ hội để du lịch phát triển nhưng vẫn còn không ít những vấn đề đặt ra: khai thác chưa hợp lý, hiệu quả kinh tế chưa cao, chưa đảm bảo cho sự phát triển bền vững của ngành du lịch huyện đảo Lý Sơn cũng như tỉnh Quảng Ngãi. Bài viết sẽ đánh giá thực trạng khai thác, từ đó, đưa ra một số giải pháp nhằm khai thác phù hợp các Tài Nguyên Du Lịch (TNDL), làm phong phú, đa dạng sản phẩm du lịch, hướng tới phát triển bền vững du lịch huyện đảo.
UZAKTAN EĞİTİM SİSTEMİNİN ÖĞRENCİ MOTİVASYONU ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ : TÜRKİYE’DE YAPILAN ANKET ÇALIŞMALARININ DERLENMESİ
Authors: SABANCI Betül
Published: August 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı 2020 yılı mart ayından bu yana yaşanan pandemi sebebi ile eğitimin uzaktan yapılmaya başlamasının öğrencilerin ve öğretmenlerin motivasyonları üzerine olan etkisini ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda farklı üniversitelerin uzaktan eğitim anket sonuçlarından elde edilen veriler değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Yapılan anketler incelendiğinde uzaktan eğitimin öğrenci ve öğretmenin motivasyonunu olumsuz yönde etkilediği gözlemlenmiştir. Öğrenciler uzaktan eğitimin yüz yüze eğitime kıyasla daha verimsiz olduğunu, bunun sebeplerinin yetersiz teknolojik alt yapı ve bu sürece uyumun zorluğundan kaynakladığını göstermektedir. Çalışmada yapılan derlemelerin ve önerilerin, Türkiye’de uzaktan eğitimin öğrencilerin motivasyonu üzerindeki etkilerini daha iyi anlamaları için eğitim çalışanları ve düşünürlerine yol göstermesi beklenmektedir.
Klara ile Güneş: Dijitalleşen Bir Çağda İnsan Olmak
Authors: GÜROVA Ercan
Published: August 2021

Kazuo Ishiguro’nun son romanı Klara ile Güneş (2021) çevresini ve insanları gözlemleyerek öğrenen bir insansı robotun merkezde olduğu bir insan-robot etkileşimi hikâyesi sunmaktadır. Klara adlı yapay arkadaş (YA) anlatıcının açısından sunulan olay örgüsü yalnızlık, özveri, umut ve sevginin anlamı gibi temaları ön plana çıkararak gittikçe dijitalleşen bir dünyada insan olmanın anlamı ve yeri doldurulabilir olup olmaması konusunu sorunsallaştırmaktadır. Bu çalışma gen modifikasyonu, otomasyonun yükselişi ve yol açtığı işsizlik, çevre sorunları gibi insanlığı tehdit eden yakıcı meseleler arasında bundan insan bireyinin nasıl etkileneceğini Ishiguro’nun romanını temel alarak Jürgen Habermas’ın görüşleri ışığında değerlendirmekte, yazarın insan-robot etkileşimi ve gelişimine dair bakış açısını robot etiği ile bağlantılı olarak açıklamaktadır. Yazar, insan-robot etkileşiminin üst düzeyde olduğu romanda materyalist bir bakış açısını olumsuzlayarak tinselci ve moralist bir anlatı kurgulamaktadır. İnsanın özünün ne olduğuna dair soruşturmaya yazarın verdiği cevap mekanik ve yapay bir dünyanın ötesinde insanın sınırsız duygu evreninde yatmaktadır ve insanı insan kılan değerleri görmek maddi bir bakış açısından sıyrılmakla mümkündür.
HERRAMIENTAS DIGITALES PARA LA INNOVACIÓN EDUCATIVA RURAL
Authors: Chiriboga-Mendoza Fidel Ricardo
Published: August 2021

La innovación educativa, en particular, se ha estudiado desde la década de 1970 de manera más sistemática. Sin embargo, su implementación constituye una tarea muy exigente. En los sectores educativos, los medios digitales son una herramienta vital para ayudar a los estudiantes a desarrollar sus habilidades mediáticas, habilidades de autorregulación, mejorando los resultados de los entornos de aprendizaje y la calidad de la experiencia. En términos generales, El aprendizaje digital como componente de la educación tiene un impacto serio en el desarrollo de la ciencia y la industria a nivel de capacitación y reciclaje del personal en ciencia e industria. Los nuevos datos referentes al desarrollo de la investigación y mejora de las tecnologías del trabajo en el mundo, se difunden a los especialistas y futuros especialistas con mayor celeridad y mayor accesibilidad. Esto intensifica los procesos de mejora de la investigación científica y estimula la innovación en múltiples contextos. La ciencia y la industria, a su vez, influyen en el uso, el contenido y la tecnología de la educación digital. Desarrollan e implementan innovaciones tecnológicas, introducen nuevas pautas semánticas, establecen nuevos conocimientos de las tareas y tecnologías de gestión en todas las esferas de la vida social. Palabras claves: innovación educativa, aprendizaje digital, investigación.