bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
КОРПОРАТИВНАЯ СИСТЕМА УПРАВЛЕНИЯ АКЦИОНЕРНЫМИ ОБЩЕСТВАМИ В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ БЕЛАРУСЬ
Authors: Рабыко И. Н.
Published: January 2019

Formulation of the problem. The development of the economy of the Republic of Belarus actualizes the improvement of corporate governance in joint-stock companies, since the largest enterprises of the republic are joint-stock companies. The subject of the research is to assess the current state of the corporate management system of joint-stock companies. The aim of the research is to reflect the role of the corporate management system of joint-stock companies in the Republic of Belarus as a tool for minimizing financial risks. The object of research is the development processes of the corporate management system of joint-stock companies of the Republic of Belarus. The methods used of the research are logical, comparative, analytical, scientific and methodological. The hypothesis of the study is the assumption of the dependence of the quality of the corporate management system of joint-stock companies and their financial risks. The statement of basic materials. An analysis of the world experience of the corporate governance system of joint stock companies shows that the number of independent directors ranges from 15 to 50% of the members of the board of directors (supervisory board) of the joint stock company. These are primarily requirements for issuers of securities, their corporate management system. Originality and practical significance of the research. Banks have obliged to include in the supervisory board at least two independent directors, making high demands on them. They should confirm their business reputation by certification in the National Bank of the Republic of Belarus. Conclusions of the research. The stages of creating a corporate governance system for joint-stock companies confirm the existence of a sufficient regulatory framework and best practices for creating effective corporate governance systems that allow you to manage risks, especially financial ones, and attract international investors.
КРИПТОВАЛЮТА КАК АБСТРАКТНОЕ ОБЯЗАТЕЛЬСТВО И УСЛОВИЕ ЭМИССИИ БАНКОМ КРЕДИТНЫХ ДЕНЕГ
Authors: Усоский В. Н.
Published: January 2019

Formulation of the problem. The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of the essence of cryptocurrency and fiduciary money in the context of the historical prerequisites for the emergence of an abstract obligation as a condition for issuing credit money. The aim of the research is to characterize the cryptocurrency as an abstract obligation and condition for the issuance of credit money by the bank. The object of the research is the process of forming cryptocurrency as an abstract obligation and the conditions for issuing credit money by a bank. The methods used of the research: logical, comparison, modeling, induction and dudection methods. The hypothesis of the research. Cryptocurrency does not have the universal property of measuring the value of economic goods, as it is a passive measured object. To assess the beneficial effects of market benefits in the international market, hard money is needed. The statement of basic materials. Money in the article is presented not as universal unconditional bank obligations and requirements for repayment, but as a “number in the database”. Bank operations are reduced to keeping money for someone who essentially increases the number in the database, debiting and crediting it and making a payment. Originality and practical significance of the research consists in substantiating the miner who produces cryptocurrency as a digital commodity asset for sale in the commodity market. The identification of the economic nature of cryptocurrency is relevant for the purposes of its legal legalization in the economy of Belarus and the search for its adequate legal and regulatory definition in the legal system. Conclusions of the research. Credit money is used in the deferred payment function. At the same time, physical movement of inventories between subjects is not necessary, since property rights are moving in the form of universal unconditional financial requirements and obligations.
Las redes de negocios como estrategia en la gestión del conocimiento para la competitividad de los artesanos de Tonalá, Jalisco
Authors: García Mendez Elizabeth , Vargas Hernández José
Published: January 2019

Las empresas conformadas por los artesanos de Tonalá, Jalisco, cuentan con características importantes para la creación de una red de negocios la cual, al transmitir el conocimiento de generación en generación, se aprovecha la gestión del conocimiento como estrategia para generar competitividad. Las empresas en su intención de fortalecer sus sistemas de trabajo para la adaptación al entorno están buscando relacionarse con otras que les permitan incrementar su participación en el mercado, contribuyendo no solo con su crecimiento, también el de su Estado. Es por esto que surge la eventualidad de crear redes de negocios, ya que una de las intenciones de estas formas de trabajo es mejorar el desempeño de las micro y pequeñas empresas para generar ventajas competitivas. Este trabajo analiza las redes de negocios como estrategia de la gestión del conocimiento para la competitividad de los artesanos de Tonalá, Jalisco.
Influencia del Marketing en la adquisición de productos orgánicos en el mercado MAGAP de la ciudad de Riobamba
Authors: Haro Sosa Giovanny Lenin , Inca Fuentes Dayana Andreína , Inga Yumi Aida Johana , León Ilbay Shilda Elizabeth , Albarrasin Reinoso Marilyn Vanessa
Published: January 2019

La importancia de la presente investigación resalta aplicar los conocimientos sobre Marketing ya que es una rama de suma importancia para poder entrar en un mercado usando de manera correcta sus 4”P”mediante la investigación cuali- cuantitativa y la investigación descriptiva cuyo objetivo es conocer las costumbres, situaciones y actitudes predominantes a través de la descripción exacta de actividades, procesos y personas que permiten la predicción e identificación de la relación que existe entre las variables para lo cual se aplicó la técnica de la encuesta que permite obtener información en el área de estudio que son los clientes del mercado MAGAP en la que se pudo determinar los factores a considerarse para esta adquisición en el que se recolecto información importante el adquirir productos orgánicos permiten tener buena salud, mantenerse sanos, y evitar enfermedades crónicas en un futuro El realizar este trabajo permite dar un gran aporte a la Sociedad en cuanto a brindar conocimientos sobre la aplicación del Marketing y sobre todo el marketing mix para poder mejorar las ventas y ser un mercado reconocido a nivel local y nacional, tanto por la calidad de sus productos y el buen servicio que brindan.
Crtice iz povijesti poljoprivrede, šumarstva i hortikulture Šibenika (1774.-1941.)
Authors: Blažević Milivoj
Published: January 2019

Poljodjelstvo, hortikultura, uređenje krajobraza i šumarstvo je tematika
koja se u posljednje vrijeme vrlo malo obrađivala u sklopu povijesnih i
socijalno-gospodarskih aspekata. Na šibenskom području poljoprivreda je
bila važno gospodarsko zanimanje i u međuratnom razdoblju od 1918.-1941. godine. Za vremena ubrzanijeg razvitka industrije, poljoprivreda šibenskog područja bila je pretežno utemeljena na uzgoju vinove loze i masline i ponešto povrća. Problemi slabo educiranog stanovništva za moderni način poljoprivredne proizvodnje nisu dopuštali da se ova grana gospodarstva adekvatno razvije. U radu se prikazao jedan
širi spektar vrijednosti ovih pojedinosti u općoj kulturnoj i edukativnoj slici grada Šibenika. Poljodjelstvo, parkovno uređenje, hortikultura i šumarstvo bilo je od izuzetnog značaja za globalnu sliku o
gradu Šibeniku. Učinak tih djelatnosti bilo je od značajne važnosti za preobrazbu Šibenika iz ruralnog u urbano središte. Doprinosi ovih djelatnosti kroz iznesene podatke prikazuje obilje zavičajnih podataka iz različitih vremenskih razdoblja, a koje svoju izravnost izvlače iz gradske i težačke sredine i običaja ovog podneblja. Ovaj kratki prikaz samo je dio doprinosa za daljnje proučavanje bogate baštine šibenskog gospodarstva i promicanja simbioze građanske uljudnosti.
A Storytelling Map of the Upper Mara Valley
Authors: Ilies Gabriela , Ilies Marin
Published: January 2019

Storytelling maps have recently become increasingly popular, as they provide access to otherwise inaccessible places or services. A printed map is a tangible object which mediates the storytelling process. This particular map, featuring the adventures of Pintea Viteazul (Pintea the Brave), a Romanian folk-hero, is designed to enhance tourist experiences
during outdoor activities in a mountain area with relatively accessible
infrastructure and scenic features: the Mara Valley and Creasta Cocosului (Maramureş, Romania). The main research questions revolved around the experience design. The research was based on designing and testing a specific storytelling map for mountain tourism. The main stages of development were the experience design and the map itself. Focusing on a complex geographic location famous for its volcanic relief
and folk tales, it tells the story of the mountain by tracing a parallel between geological features and a national legend.
La historia es... Reflexiones sobre los conceptos de historia, memoria y patrimonio
Authors: Gisbert Santaballa Antonio
Published: January 2019

El artículo pretende llevar a cabo un recorrido historiográfico a través de diferentes autores, que definen y ponen en valor los conceptos de Historia, Memoria y Patrimonio. ¿Hasta qué punto son conceptos instrumentalizados, y en qué medida se utilizan hoy en día para definir el conocimiento del pasado?
AN ANALYSIS OF INTERACTIONAL PATTERN BETWEEN TEACHER AND STUDENT IN SMAN 1 CURUP KOTA
Authors: Afriyanto Hendi , Harahap Alamsyah , Azwandi Azwandi
Published: January 2019

This study investigates the interaction pattern in SMAN 1 Curup Kota, based on Coulthard theory (2002). This study analyzed the interaction pattern and type of act used by teacher and students to see the ideal pattern in the classroom. The data analysis shows that (a) the dominant pattern used in the classroom is complete pattern (IRF) and there are also semi-complete pattern (IR) and incomplete pattern (IF); (b) In the type of acts section, the elicitation is the highest followed by informative and starter in the initiation move,  reply as the highest act in the response move, and in the follow up accept as the highest followed by comment. It can be concluded that interaction pattern in the classroom is dominantly occured is ideal pattern but it’s not good interaction pattern because delimit student opportunity in the classroom
RHETORICAL MOVES AND LINGUISTIC FEATURES OF JOURNAL ARTICLE ABSTRACTS BY POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS, NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL AUTHORS IN APPLIED LINGUISTICS
Authors: Andika Rosyi Putri , Arsyad Safnil , Harahap Alamsyah
Published: January 2019

The abstract has become the first part that will be read by readers in a research article. Some important aspects in the abstract are move structure and linguistic features. This study examines the rhetorical moves and linguistic features of English research article abstract written by three groups of authors in Applied Linguistics. The research design was mixed method design combining quantitative and qualitative method with the corpus of this study consisted of 60 abstracts by postgraduate students, national and international authors found in RA abstracts. The results show that the common moves by three groups of authors have only three moves (i.e purpose, method, and results). The common linguistic features used by three groups of authors are active voice, present tense, and simple sentence. By comparing the three groups of abstracts the differences are found in the postgraduate students authors. They were used move 1 (Background/ introduction/ situation) fewer than national and international authors. Furthur the postgraduate students used past tense more dominant than present tense and using hedges is more frequently than national and international authors. This study concludes that in writing RA abstracts a writer should adjust the commonly used rules the abstract especially in using 5 moves in the abstracts.
KEUNGGULAN BERSAING UKM YANG DIPENGARUHI OLEH ORIENTASI PASAR DAN INOVASI PRODUK
Authors: Alwi Taufik , Handayani Esti
Published: January 2019

Keberlangsungan bisnis di sektor UKM tidak terlepas dari strategi yang berorientasi pasar dan inovasi produk guna meraih keunggulan bersaing. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh orientasi pasar dan inovasi produk terhadap keunggulan bersaing. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei, melibatkan 35 orang sampel penelitian secara purposive non random sampling yang difokuskan pada restoran/kafe yang mengusung tagline cita rasa mancanegara di Jalan Margonda Raya Kota Depok. Alat analisis yang digunakan berupa uji asumsi klasik, uji validitas dan reliabilitas, uji korelasi parsial dan berganda, uji regresi, uji t dan uji ANOVA.      Penelitian menemukan bahwa orientasi pasar dan inovasi produk berkontribusi pengaruh terhadap keunggulan bersaing sebesar 85,3%. Model persamaan regresi linear berganda, Y = 13,702 + 0,542 X1 + 0,314 X2.  Berdasarkan uji hipotesis disimpulkan bahwa variabel orientasi pasar perpengaruh positif terhadap keunggulan bersaing, demikian pula variabel inovasi produk berpengaruh positif terhadap keunggulan bersaing. Bagi pelaku bisnis UKM sangat perlu untuk memberikan atensi dalam mendesain strategi peningkatan keunggulan bersaing melalui penekanan pada strategi yang berorientasi pasar dan inovasi produk. Kata kunci:Orientasi pasar, inovasi produk, keunggulan bersaing, UKM
PENGARUH MENTAL WIRAUSAHA DAN KREATIVITAS TERHADAP MOTIVASI BERWIRAUSAHA PADA PENGUSAHA RUMAH MAKAN DI BEKASI
Authors: Asti Eka Giovana
Published: January 2019

Usaha dalam bidang makanan saat ini telah menjadi trend, walaupun usaha ini memang butuh kerja keras dan usaha, dan bukan menjadi usaha yang asal-asalan. Namun telah banyak pengusaha yang sukses dalam menjalankan usaha di bidang ini. Guna menghadapi persaingan yang semakin ketat pada bisnis rumah makan, maka para Pengusaha rumah makan harus memiliki motivasi berwirausaha yang tangguh.Penelitian ini akan mengganalisa dua faktor  yang diduga akan dapat mempengaruhi motivasi berwirausaha, yaitu Mental Wirausaha dan Kreatifitas.Peneliti menentukan sampel secara acak berjumlah 50 orang Pengusaha rumah makan di kelurahan Padurenan, Bekasi. Pengumpulan data menggunakan angket/kuesioner. Kategori jawaban responden penelitian terhadap angket terdiri atas lima skala berdasarkan skala Likert. Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis regresi linier ganda.Model penelitian Mental Wirausaha dan Kreativitas mampu menjelaskan 87,1% variasi Motivasi Berwirausaha pada Pengusaha Rumah Makan di Kelurahan Padurenan, Bekasi. Mental Wirausaha dan Kreativitas terhadap Motivasi Berwirausaha pada Pengusaha Rumah Makan di Kelurahan Padurenan, Bekasi ditunjukkan oleh koefisien regresi dalam persamaan regresi Y = 5,271 + 0,907 X1 + 1,288 X2. Kata kunci:Mental Wirausaha , Kreativitas dan  Motivasi Berwirausaha
L’Opera Buzzatiana in Turchia
Authors: PEÇENEK Dilek
Published: January 2019

Questo lavoro intende ripercorrere le fasi della
ricezione dell’opera di Dino Buzzati (1906-1972) in Turchia. A tale scopo partendo
dall’osservazione delle traduzioni si passa agli studi sul lavoro narrativo di
Buzzati. L’opera di Buzzati appare per la prima volta nella cultura turca nel
1960 con la rappresentazione dello spettacolo Un Caso Clinico. A partire dagli anni ’60 fino ad oggi si assiste a
un interesse della vita letteraria nei confronti dello scrittore; ne è
testimonianza un numero di traduzioni e di ristampe in lingua turca. Il lettore
turco ha potuto conoscere molte opere dello scrittore bellunese grazie a un’attività
di traduzione che si è resa espressione di diverse visioni e interpretazioni.
Buzzati, e in particolare la sua componente simbolica e fantastica, è stato un
significativo punto di riferimento per tanti letterati e studiosi, di cui ha
ispirato numerosissimi saggi e studi.
Optimización en el dimensionamiento de un sistema industrial de gas licuado de petróleo
Authors: Venegas Vásconez Diego , Ayabaca Sarria Cesar , Ortega Santiago Celi , Rocha Hoyos Juan , Mena Mena Euro
Published: January 2019

Son muchos los equipos industriales que requieren del gas licuado de Petróleo (GLP) como combustible para su funcionamiento y para que llegue a estos equipos, se necesita entre otros de sistemas de almacenamiento (tanques) y de transporte (tuberías); su instalación debe estar acorde a principios de seguridad (distancias mínimas a terceros, materiales de tuberías) establecidos en la norma técnica que impone la autoridad competente y su dimensionamiento debe responder a criterios ingenieriles de transferencia de calor, termodinámica y mecánica de fluidos.

En el presente trabajo se optimiza la ubicación de los recipientes estacionarios y el diámetro de tubería necesarios para abastecer de combustible a un sistema industrial de GLP en la ciudad de Panamá, que cuenta con un horno de 600 kW y 6 quemadores industriales de 60 kW c/u. En el almacenamiento se compara el área superficial requerida por una batería de tanques estacionarios (250, 500, 1000 y 2000 Gl) y de acuerdo a las distancias de seguridad requeridas se minimiza esta área. En el dimensionamiento de tubería se establecen dos tramos de media presión (tubería entre el regulador de primera y segunda etapa) y un tramo de baja presión (tubería después del regulador de segunda etapa) para los seis quemadores, y en cada caso se plantean tres criterios de cálculo y se selecciona aquella tubería que arroja como resultado el menor diámetro.
Plataforma para la autogestión de datos de pacientes hipertensos en Panamá
Authors: Villarreal Vladimir , Samudio Manuel
Published: January 2019

La hipertensión arterial es una enfermedad crónica, caracterizada por el aumento continuo de las cifras de presión sanguínea en las arterias; consecuente al sedentarismo, la falta de actividad física, la alimentación poco saludable efectos negativos para el ser humano. En este artículo, se presenta una plataforma que permite la gestión de datos de pacientes con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, como la hipertensión arterial, almacenando los datos de los pacientes, el registro histórico y las tendencias de las medidas almacenadas, alertas y recomendaciones de acuerdo a los rangos de mediciones obtenidas. El desarrollo es planteado a través de una metodología de prototipado para generar modelos a corto tiempo. Actualmente en nuestro país no existe una plataforma que permita a los panameños la autogestión de datos básicos de salud. Este proyecto sigue las metas que establece la Agenda Nacional de Prioridades de Investigación e Innovación para la Salud 2016-2025, en donde se pretende presentar soluciones que resuelva los problemas relacionados al estudio de los estilos de vida y comportamientos asociados a la distribución de la carga global de enfermedades no transmisibles en Panamá y una solución que permite el desarrollo y la sistematización de la información gerencial para conocer la situación de salud. A través de esta plataforma, también podemos generar estadísticas sobre medidas promedio en un tiempo determinado, por edad, por región, por fecha específica que pueden ser usados por las instituciones de salud, para la debida generación de programas y planes de prevención y control de salud en Panamá.
Extracción de datos de perfiles en Google Scholar utilizando un algoritmo en el lenguaje R para hacer minería de datos
Authors: Murillo Danny , Saavedra Dalys , Quintero Erika
Published: January 2019

El objetivo de este artículo es hacer uso de la técnica Web Scraping para extraer datos de Google Scholar (GS)a través de diferentes métodos. El Web Scraping es una forma de minería de datos no estructurada, que permite extraer información de páginas web, escanear su código HTML y generar patrones de extracción de datos. Además, con el fin de realizar un análisis más profundo, se creó un algoritmo en el lenguaje R para comparar la velocidad de extracción de los datos y la eficiencia en el formato de salida de los datos. El artículo muestra las pruebas realizadas de estos métodos para medir la velocidad de extracción de los datos y buscar la mejor forma de extraer los datos de GS de forma estructurada.
El estado del arte: Salud inteligente y el internet de las cosas
Authors: Domínguez Alberto , Vargas-Lombardo Miguel
Published: January 2019

El Internet de las cosas (IoT) es la nueva tendencia de dispositivos en el mercado. Esta tecnología está siendo desarrollada por múltiples fabricantes de diversas partes del mundo para solucionar problemas específicos del día a día de las personas. Sin embargo, en la actualidad se están dando muchos casos de fallas de seguridad en dispositivos IoT, en este caso en hospitales. En este escrito también se describe el IoT como un complemento al sector salud haciendo referencia a las tecnologías creadas e implementadas por distintos fabricantes. Se presentan también los distintos métodos de seguridad que los fabricantes han implementado en sus soluciones y sus productos, desde diseños de topologías alámbricas e inalámbricas, hasta seguridad perimetral estricta de capa 2 y capa 3, las cuales trabajan en conjunto con la programación segura y recomendaciones para que el usuario final realice el uso adecuado del mismo. Al final del escrito se presenta la tecnología WBAN y los riesgos que conlleva junto con el IoT si no se asegura adecuadamente, ya que podría ser crítico y pondría en riesgo la vida de los pacientes. El objetivo es implementar en nuestro sistema IoT una capa extra de seguridad informática sin depender que el fabricante la haya embebido en su producto. Dicha capa dificulta que el atacante pueda manipular nuestros equipos a su conveniencia o que pueda explotar una falla conocida en un dispositivo que pueda perjudicar la vida, salud e integridad del paciente.
Estudio del concreto de alta resistencia con el uso de cenizas de materiales orgánicos y polímeros
Authors: Aizpurua Lidia , Moreno Genneva , Caballero Karen
Published: January 2019

El concreto de alta resistencia es uno de los avances más destacados en la industria de la construcción debido a sus múltiples ventajas, sin embargo, también presenta características desfavorables como la fragilidad. Se evaluó el efecto combinado de la adición de caucho y cenizas procedentes de materiales orgánicos al concreto de alta resistencia con el objetivo de mejorar sus propiedades, principalmente la resistencia a compresión y la ductilidad. Estudios previos demuestran que las cenizas de materiales orgánicos contribuyen a aumentar la resistencia a compresión, mientras que el caucho reduce la fragilidad del concreto de alta resistencia. La proporción de cenizas estuvo basada en el peso del cemento, mientras que la dosificación de caucho se hizo con base en el peso total de la mezcla de concreto. La investigación se desarrolló en dos fases; durante la primera de ellas se realizaron pruebas de resistencia a compresión de cilindros de concreto para dos proporciones de ceniza de cáscara de huevo (1.5% y 2.0%), dos proporciones de ceniza de cascarilla de arroz (1.5% y 2.0%), además de la mezcla base para determinar el porcentaje óptimo de ceniza. En la segunda fase, se ensayaron especímenes cilíndricos para determinar la resistencia a compresión, y viguetas para determinar la capacidad de carga a flexión y deformación, para cinco mezclas de concreto con la adición del porcentaje óptimo de ceniza determinado en la fase anterior y la adición de caucho molido en proporciones de 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% y 2.0%.
Evaluación del desempeño del filtro biológico de la Universidad Tecnológica de Panamá
Authors: Barrera Lanneth , Díaz Ada , López Ericka , Medina Erasmo , Rivera Maritzel , Vallester Erick
Published: January 2019

Se realizó una evaluación técnica del filtro biológico de la Universidad Tecnológica de Panamá, Campus Víctor Levi Sasso, el cual es un sistema que se desarrolla de manera aerobia y anaerobia para la depuración de aguas residuales, donde le antecede un tratamiento primario por sedimentación (tanque séptico), antes de verterse a un cuerpo de agua superficial, en este caso el río Curundú. Se analizaron las características fisicoquímicas del agua residual tratada actualmente por este sistema de tratamiento secundario, evaluando parámetros tales como Sólidos Totales, Sólidos Suspendidos, Sólidos Volátiles, DBO5, DQO y microorganismos, verificando así la calidad del agua tratada poder determinar la eficiencia de este sistema. A su vez se realizó recomendaciones para mejoras del sistema de acuerdo con los parámetros de funcionamiento analizados.
Importancia del nivel de oxígeno en la eficiencia de un humedal artificial con flujo subsuperficial vertical ascendente
Authors: Batista Augusto , Carreño Cesar , Gaitán Cristela , Núñez Nisbeth , Vallester Erick
Published: January 2019

Los sistemas de humedales artificiales son muy utilizados actualmente en muchos países como una forma de tratamiento secundario de aguas residuales. Esta técnica sirve para reducir los nutrientes como el fósforo y el nitrógeno que son los principales causantes de la eutrofización. En este artículo, se presentarán los resultados de la investigación sobre un modelo a escala de un humedal artificial de flujo subsuperficial vertical ascendente. Esta investigación fue realizada en la Universidad Tecnológica de Panamá. El funcionamiento del modelo se enfoca en la eficiencia de remoción de concentraciones variables de nitrato (NO3) (entrada y salida) y en cada punto de muestreo (entrada, tubo superficial, tubo medio, tubo profundo, salida) en el sistema, a diferentes niveles de oxígeno. Mediante la prueba de trazador químico de cloruro de sodio, se obtuvo el tiempo de retención hidráulico real de 23 horas. Este tiempo representa el lapso de tiempo que demoraría el agua sintética en recorrer los estratos para ser depurada.
Estudio del comportamiento hidrodinámico de un filtro biológico de flujo ascendente, utilizando mazorcas de maíz como material de soporte
Authors: Mollah Madeleine , Sánchez Charline , Barría Kelsyn , Ferrán Diamcely , Vallester Erick
Published: January 2019

Las condiciones de flujo afectan el desempeño de los filtros. Las causas comunes son corto circuitos, zonas muertas y recirculación interna por corrientes internas y/o densidad. El artículo destaca el funcionamiento de un reactor compuesto por un tanque de 114 litros, el cual alimenta de agua cruda a tres filtros biológicos de flujo ascendente, con un volumen de vacío de 8 litros cada uno, que contienen tusas de maíz como material de soporte. Al reactor se le inyectó en el punto de entrada un trazador, aplicándose la técnica de estímulo-respuesta para estudiar su comportamiento hidrodinámico con base a su tiempo de retención. Durante el ensayo de las pruebas se determinaron las curvas de concentración vs tiempo en cada filtro, dando como resultado el tiempo de retención y el volumen real de cada uno. En la evaluación del desempeño del comportamiento hidrodinámico se encontraron variaciones y presencia de flujo dual, como lo son: flujo de pistón y flujo de mezcla completa, evidenciando espacios de zonas muertas, así como también cortos circuitos.
Tuning the Resonant Frequency of a Surface Plasmon by Double-Metallic Ag/Au Nanoparticles for High-Efficiency Green Light-Emitting Diodes
Authors: Mano Ryoya , Han Dong-Pyo , Yamamoto Kengo , Ishimoto Seiji , Kamiyama Satoshi , Takeuchi Tetsuya , Iwaya Motoaki , Akasaki Isamu
Published: January 2019

Currently, the internal quantum efficiency (IQE) of GaInN-based green light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is still low. To overcome this problem, surface plasmon (SP)-enhanced LEDs have been intensively studied for the last 15 years. For an SP effect in green LEDs, Au and Ag are typically employed as the plasmonic materials. However, the resonance wavelength is determined by their material constants, which are theoretically fixed at ~537 nm for Au and ~437 nm for Ag. In this study, we aimed to tune the SP resonant wavelength using double-metallic nanoparticles (NPs) composed of Au and Ag to match the SP resonance wavelength to the LED emission wavelength to consequently improve the IQE of green LEDs. To form double-metallic NPs, Au/Ag multilayers were deposited on a GaN layer and then thermally annealed. We changed the thicknesses of the multilayers to control the Ag/Au ratio in the NPs. We show that the SP resonant wavelength could be tuned using our approach. We also demonstrate that the enhancement of the IQE in SP-enhanced LEDs was strongly dependent on the SP resonant wavelength. Finally, the highest IQE was achieved by matching the SP resonant wavelength to the LED emission wavelength.
Model-Free Identification of Nonlinear Restoring Force with Modified Observation Equation
Authors: He Jia , Zhang Xiaoxiong , Qi Mengchen , Xu Bin
Published: January 2019

Nonlinearity exists widely in civil engineering structures; for example, the initiation and growth of damage under dynamic loadings is a typical nonlinear process. To date, for the purpose of structural evaluation and a better understanding nonlinear characteristics of complicated structures, a number of parametric and nonparametric methods have been developed for the identification of nonlinear restoring force (NRF). However, due to the highly individualistic nature of nonlinear systems, it would be inefficient to attempt to express the structural NRF in a general parametric form. For many nonparametric techniques, their nonparametric models or approximations may result in undesirable results or oscillations around unsmooth points. In this paper, on the basis of extended Kalman filter (EKF), a model-free NRF identification approach is proposed to circumvent the limitations mentioned above. The NRF to be identified was treated as ‘unknown fictitious input’, and thus, no prior assumptions or approximations for the NRF model were required. With the aid of a projection matrix, a modified version of observation equation was obtained. Based on the principle of EKF, the recursive solution of the proposed approach was analytically derived. The NRFs provided by the nonlinear components were identified by means of least squares estimation (LSE) at each time step. Numerical examples, including building structures equipped with magnetorheological (MR) damper and shape memory alloy (SMA) damper, demonstrated that the proposed approach is capable of satisfactorily identifying NRF without knowledge or intuitive assumptions of any nonlinear model class in advance.
An Automatic HEp-2 Specimen Analysis System Based on an Active Contours Model and an SVM Classification
Authors: Cascio Donato , Taormina Vincenzo , Raso Giuseppe
Published: January 2019

The antinuclear antibody (ANA) test is widely used for screening, diagnosing, and monitoring of autoimmune diseases. The most common methods to determine ANA are indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), performed by human epithelial type 2 (HEp-2) cells, as substrate antigen. The evaluation of ANA consist an analysis of fluorescence intensity and staining patterns. This paper presents a complete and fully automatic system able to characterize IIF images. The fluorescence intensity classification was obtained by performing an image preprocessing phase and implementing a Support Vector Machines (SVM) classifier. The cells identification problem has been addressed by developing a flexible segmentation methods, based on the Hough transform for ellipses, and on an active contours model. In order to classify the HEp-2 cells, six SVM and one k-nearest neighbors (KNN)classifiers were developed. The system was tested on a public database consisting of 2080 IIF images. Unlike almost all work presented on this topic, the proposed system automatically addresses all phases of the HEp-2 image analysis process. All results have been evaluated by comparing them with some of the most representative state-of-the-art work, demonstrating the goodness of the system in the characterization of HEp-2 images.
Structural Health Monitoring and Interface Damage Detection for Infill Reinforced Concrete Walls in Seismic Retrofit of Reinforced Concrete Frames Using Piezoceramic-Based Transducers Under the Cyclic Loading
Authors: Liao Wen-I , Hsiao Fu-Pei , Chiu Chien-Kuo , Ho Chin-En
Published: January 2019

In this work, the piezoceramic-based transducers are used to perform the structural health monitoring (SHM) and interface damage detecting of non-ductile reinforced concrete (RC) frames retrofitted by post-installed RC walls. In order to develop the post-embedded piezoceramic-based transducers that can be used to identify interface failure or cracks between two structural members in retrofit construction, this work adopts the cyclic loading to test two specimens with post-embedded piezoceramic-based transducers (PPT). Since the failure of an interface between the post-installed wall and beam occurs, one of the specimens has damage in the foundation and existing boundary column and the other has damage in the top ends of column and wall. During the cyclic loading test, one transducer was used as an actuator to generate the stress waves and the other transducers were used as the sensors to detect the waves. In damaged specimens, the existence and locations of cracks and the interface damage can be detected by analyzing the wave response. Moreover, the severity of damage to the specimens can also be estimated. The experimental results indicate the effectiveness of the piezoceramic-based approach in the SHM and locating damage in shear-critical RC structural members under the seismic loading.
Chinese Character Boxes: Single Shot Detector Network for Chinese Character Detection
Authors: Ryu Junhwan , Kim Sungho
Published: January 2019

This paper proposes a deep learning-based Chinese character detection network which is important for character recognition and translation. Detecting the correct character area is an important part of recognition and translation. Previous studies have focused on methods using projection through image pre-processing and recognition methods based on segmentation and methods using hand-crafted features such as analyzing and using features. Unfortunately, the results are vulnerable to noise. Recently, recognition or translation systems based on deep learning were dealt with as a single step from detection to translation but they failed to consider the inaccurate localization problem that arises in detectors. This paper proposes a Chinese character boxes (CCB) network that deals with a method to detect the character area more accurately using the single-shot multibox detector (SSD) as the baseline and called CCB-SSD. The proposed CCB-SSD network has a single prediction layer structure in which unnecessary layers are removed from the feature-pyramid structure. The augmentation method for training is introduced and the problem caused by the use of default boxes is solved by using the proposed non-maximum suppression (NMS). The experimental results revealed a 96.1% detection rate and 0.89 performance against the false positives per character (FPPC) which is the proposed false positive index for the character data-set and caoshu data-set used in this paper. This method showed better performance than the conventional SSD with 69.4% and 6.57 FPPC.
Channel-Quality Aware RFID Tag Identification Algorithm to Accommodate the Varying Channel Quality of IoT Environment
Authors: Chen Yen-Hung , Hung Rui-Ze , Chen Lin-Kung , Jan Pi-Tzong , Su Yin-Rung
Published: January 2019

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technique is broadly adopted as the automated identification system for the Internet of Things (IoT). Many RFID anti-collision algorithms were proposed to accelerate the tag identification process. However, they misjudged some unreadable slots which were due to collision instead of the bad channel condition, causing low bandwidth usage. This study proposes the Channel-quality Aware Query Tree algorithm (CAQT) to improve the identification performance in an error-prone channel environment. CAQT has three novel features: (1) it estimates the channel quality continuously and statistically in the rapidly changing channel quality environment; (2) it asks the tag for retransmission or to split the collide tags based on the channel quality; (3) the number of the groups which it splits tags is based on the estimated number of tags collide in current slot. The simulation results show that CAQT uses less than 31% slots compared with the conventional algorithms. The simulation results also demonstrate that CAQT provides enhanced performance when the channel quality is varying especially in outdoor environment, for example, ticket checking for railway or subway system.
Discrete Element Analysis of Indirect Tensile Fatigue Test of Asphalt Mixture
Authors: Li Xuelian , Lv Xinchao , Liu Xueying , Ye Junhong
Published: January 2019

In order to investigate the damage to microstructure and some other micromechanical responses during a fatigue test on asphalt mixture, Particle Flow Code (PFC) was used to reconstruct a two-dimensional discrete element model of asphalt mixture, based on computed tomography (CT) images and image-processing techniques. The indirect tensile fatigue test of asphalt mixture was simulated with this image-based microstructural model, and verified in the laboratory. It was found that there were four stages during the fatigue failure: no crack, crack initiation, crack developing, and interconnected crack. Cracks mainly developed between the aggregate and asphalt mortar, near the loading axis. The corresponding stages of failure, the developing trend and the distribution characteristics of the cracks matched well with those in the laboratory test. Furthermore, the trends of both the time-load curve and time-displacement curve from the simulation test were also consistent with those from the experimental test. In short, the distribution characteristics of cracks and internal forces of asphalt mixture show that it is feasible to simulate the fatigue performance of the asphalt mixture by a discrete element method (DEM).
Photonic-Assisted Scanning Receivers for Microwave Frequency Measurement
Authors: Song Shijie , Yi Xiaoke , Gan Lu , Yang Wenjian , Nguyen Linh , Chew Suen Xin , Li Liwei , Minasian Robert A.
Published: January 2019

We present a novel technique based on matrix pencil assisted deconvolution to improve the measurement resolution in scanning receiver systems for microwave frequency measurements. By modeling the scanning receiver output as the cross-correlation of the input modulated signal with the filter’s spectral response and applying the matrix pencil algorithm to convolve the detected optical signal at the receiver output, our technique offers precise estimations of both the frequency and power information of microwave signals with an improved measurement resolution. A multi-tone microwave signal measurement based on an optical filter is experimentally demonstrated, showing a significant measurement resolution reduction from 1 GHz to 0.4 GHz for two radio frequency (RF) tones, which is only about 30.2% of the optical filter bandwidth.
Inhibition of Pannexin 1 Reduces the Tumorigenic Properties of Human Melanoma Cells
Authors: Freeman Taylor J. , Sayedyahossein Samar , Johnston Danielle , Sanchez-Pupo Rafael E. , O’Donnell Brooke , Huang Kenneth , Lakhani Zameena , Nouri-Nejad Daniel , Barr Kevin J. , Harland Luke , Latosinsky Steven , Grant Aaron , Dagnino Lina , Penuela Silvia
Published: January 2019

Pannexin 1 (PANX1) is a channel-forming glycoprotein expressed in many tissues including the skin. PANX1 channels allow the passage of ions and molecules up to 1 kDa, including ATP and other metabolites. In this study, we show that PANX1 is highly expressed in human melanoma tumors at all stages of disease progression, as well as in patient-derived cells and established melanoma cell lines. Reducing PANX1 protein levels using shRNA or inhibiting channel function with the channel blockers, carbenoxolone (CBX) and probenecid (PBN), significantly decreased cell growth and migration, and increased melanin production in A375-P and A375-MA2 cell lines. Further, treatment of A375-MA2 tumors in chicken embryo xenografts with CBX or PBN significantly reduced melanoma tumor weight and invasiveness. Blocking PANX1 channels with PBN reduced ATP release in A375-P cells, suggesting a potential role for PANX1 in purinergic signaling of melanoma cells. In addition, cell-surface biotinylation assays indicate that there is an intracellular pool of PANX1 in melanoma cells. PANX1 likely modulates signaling through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, because β-catenin levels were significantly decreased upon PANX1 silencing. Collectively, our findings identify a role for PANX1 in controlling growth and tumorigenic properties of melanoma cells contributing to signaling pathways that modulate melanoma progression.
Investigation of Using Sol-Gel Technology for Corrosion Protection Coating Systems Incorporating Colours and Inhibitors
Authors: Yan Wenjin , Ong Wee Kit , Wu Linda Yongling , Wijesinghe Sudesh L.
Published: January 2019

Corrosion protection coatings need frequent developments to cater to different challenges arising from users. In addition to a long lasting corrosion protection, aesthetic requirements and multi-functional properties by the same coating system are prominent demands to be considered. Productivity is another vital factor to be considered, as there is a thriving demand from users to have more productive coating systems, such as a smaller number of layers in a system. Thus, attention to using different coating technologies is an essential step to fulfil these demands. This work investigates the use of sol-gel technology as a topcoat on a zinc rich primer to form a two-coat system. A colored sol-gel topcoat on a zinc primer was developed as a two-coat system to replace the current three or multi-coat systems to improve productivity while maintaining the sacrificial protective capability. The overall corrosion protection performance together with the color retaining capability was evaluated in this development. As another step forward, the development of sol-gel technology as a topcoat with additional inhibitive corrosion protection was investigated. Two corrosion inhibitors, namely molybdate and cerium(III), were loaded onto suitable inorganic oxide carriers and then incorporated into sol-gel coatings to provide an inhibitive protection other than the barrier protection. The corrosion performance of the coatings was evaluated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Sol-gel coating with a cerium(III) system attained the highest impedance and proved to be the best candidate. The mechanical and physical properties of the coating systems are tested using international standard methods.
Research on the High-Performance Electrochemical Energy Storage of a NiO@ZnO (NZO) Hybrid Based on Growth Time
Authors: Zheng Jiahong , Zhang Runmei , Cheng Kangkang , Xu Ziqi , Yu Pengfei , Wang Xingang , Niu Shifeng
Published: January 2019

A NiO@ZnO (NZO) hybrid with different reaction times was successfully synthesized by a green hydrothermal method. After comparison, it was found that hydrothermal time had a great impact on specific capacitance. As a supercapacitor electrode of NZO-12h, it exhibited the maximum reversible specific capacitance of 985.0 F/g (3.94 F/cm2) at 5 mA/cm2 and 587.5 F/g (2.35 F/cm2) at 50 mA/cm2, as well as a high retention of 74.9% capacitance after 1500 cycles at 20 mA/cm2. Furthermore, the asymmetric electrode device with ZnO-12h and activated carbon (AC) as the positive and negative electrodes was successfully assembled. In addition, the device exhibited a specific capacitance of 85.7 F/g at 0.4 A/g. Moreover, the highest energy density of 27.13 Wh kg−1 was obtained at a power density of 321.42 W kg−1. These desirable electrochemical properties demonstrate that the NZO hybrid is a promising electrode material for a supercapacitor.
Improving Urban Population Distribution Models with Very-High Resolution Satellite Information
Authors: Grippa Taïs , Linard Catherine , Lennert Moritz , Georganos Stefanos , Mboga Nicholus , Vanhuysse Sabine , Gadiaga Assane , Wolff Eléonore
Published: January 2019

Built-up layers derived from medium resolution (MR) satellite information have proven their contribution to dasymetric mapping, but suffer from important limitations when working at the intra-urban level, mainly due to their difficulty in capturing the whole range of variation in terms of built-up densities. In this regard, very-high resolution (VHR) remote sensing is known for its ability to better capture small variations in built-up densities and to derive detailed urban land use, which plead in favor of its use when mapping urban populations. In this paper, we compare the added value of various combinations of VHR data sets, compared to a MR one. A top-down dasymetric mapping strategy is applied to reallocate population counts from administrative units into a regular 100 × 100 m grid, according to different weighting layers. These weighting layers are created from MR and/or VHR input data, using simple built-up proportion or reallocation “weights”, obtained from a set of multiple ancillary data used to train a Random Forest regression model. The results reveal that (1) a built-up mask derived from VHR can improve the accuracy of the reallocation by roughly 13%, compared to MR; (2) using VHR land-use information alone results in lower accuracy than using a MR built-up mask; and (3) there is a clear complementarity between VHR land cover and land use.
An Interpretive Structural Modeling of Teamwork Training in Higher Education
Authors: Fathi Masood , Ghobakhloo Morteza , Syberfeldt Anna
Published: January 2019

In the past decade, the importance of teamwork training in higher education and employers’ enthusiasm for recruiting team players have been widely discussed in the literature. Yet, the process through which effective teamwork training is developed in a higher education setting has not yet been properly discussed. The present study aims to map the precedence relationships among the key determinants of teamwork training effectiveness and explain the process through which an effective teamwork training program can be developed. The study first conducted an extensive review of the literature to highlight the key determinants of effective teamwork training. Next, the study benefitted from an interpretive structural modeling technique and captured the opinions of a group of teamwork training experts to further map the interrelationships among the potential determinants that were identified. By listing the key determinants of effective teamwork training, mapping their interrelationships, and identifying their driving and dependence power, the present study is expected to help practitioners and academicians through providing a detailed understanding of the process through which an effective teamwork training program can be developed in a higher education context.