bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MENINGKATKAN PERCAYA DIRI BERBICARA BAHASA INGGRIS DI CAHAYA ANAK NEGERI BEKASI
Authors: Enny Diah Astuti  , Retno Setya Budiasningrum  , Rahmi Rosita  , Dyan Yuliana  , Jajang Setiawan  , Ali Satri Efendi
Published: November 2022

Self-confidence is a very important aspect for a person to develop his potential. The higher the confidence to speak in English, the smoother it will be to get the expected results. If you liken it, self-confidence is a key to open the door of doubt that has been a hindrance when you are trying to find a way out. The training method carried out is adjusted to the goal to be achieved, namely to increase self-confidence in speaking English. According to the needs of children, the material that needs to be developed at the Bekasi State Children's Light Community Service place was chosen, the theme "Self-Introduction and PostCard Writing in English" was chosen. Speech practice is usually one of the stages that is considered the most strenuous. It needs to be trained continuously to increase self-confidence in children when speaking English.
PELATIHAN DIGITAL MARKETING SEBAGAI UPAYA PERLUASAN PEMASARAN PRODUK PEMBIBITAN BUAH DAN PEYEK DI KECAMATAN SRENGAT
Authors: Gigih Sayekti Nur Rosyadi  , Iqbal Baihaqi  , Danang Eko Widyanto  , Dino Esza Puji Utama  , Puspa Crinum Amabill  , Rizky Pustpita Ningrum
Published: November 2022

Pandemi covid-19 memberikan dampak buruk pada perekonomian, khususnya pada pelaku UMKM. Seperti salah satu permasalahan masyarakat desa Wonorejo yaitu penjualan bibit buah dan usaha peyek. Kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat terhadap adanya potensi yang ada disekitar mereka yang mungkin bisa digunakan sebagai sumber daya tambahan supaya berguna bagi UMKM masyarakat desa Wonorejo. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk mempercepat pemulihan ekonomi masyarakat dengan mengoptimalkan teknologi, serta penguatan bidang pelaku UMKM yang terdampak Covid-19 bangkit dan mengembangkan usahanya dengan baik. Hasil dari program KKN adalah membantu masyarakat untuk mengembangkan tata Kelola usaha dengan membuatkan akun media sosial serta menambahkan logo pada produk.
MENINGKATKAN KETAHANAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT DAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA DI KELURAHAN SRENGAT
Authors: Sri Widoretno  , Andi Abrianto  , Raka Lidra Putra  , Fajar Putri Fismawati
Published: November 2022

Jurnal ini meneliti tentang program kegiatan yang dilaksanakan sebagai solusi atas permasalahan yang terjadi di sebuah wilayah, tepatnya di Kelurahan Srengat, Kecamatan Srengat, Kabupaten Blitar. Pada April tahun 2022, Indonesia dihebohkan dengan kasus Penyakit Mulut dan Kuku (PMK). Penyakit Mulut dan Kuku (PMK) adalah infeksi virus yang bersifat akut dan sangat menular. Penyakit ini menyerang semua hewan berkuku belah/genap, seperti sapi, kerbau, babi, kambing, domba, termasuk juga hewan liar seperti gajah, rusa dan sebagainya, sehingga memiliki dampak ekonomi yang signifikan. Untuk menunjang kegiatan yang berkaitan dengan cara mengatasi Penyakit Mulut dan Kuku (PMK) pada hewan ternak, dilakukan sosialisasi Penyakit Mulut dan Kuku (PMK) pada warga. Memandang permasalahan lain yang terjadi, pada penelitian ini juga dilakukan cek kesehatan secara gratis mulai kalangan anak-anak hingga dewasa guna menunjukan pentingnya menjaga kesehatan. Kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah dengan cek asam urat, kolesterol dan gula darah dengan diskon 15%. Penelitian ini juga ditujukan sebagai solusi atas salah satu bidang usaha dalam perekonomian nasional yaitu usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah (UMKM). Menanggapi masalah yang terjadi pada UMKM, sosialisasi digital marketing pun diselenggarakan untuk warga. Digital marketing merupakan salah satu teknologi informasi yang saat ini berkembang pesat, yaitu dengan memanfaatkan sosial media yang dianggap sangat berpotensi dalam mendorong kinerja sebuah bisnis. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk memperoleh gambaran secara menyeluruh mengenai ketahanan ekonomi dan sumber daya manusia melalui program yang dilaksanakan.
Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Rencana Relokasi Pasar Youtefa Lama Ke Pasar Induk Regional Youtefa Di Kota Jayapura
Authors: Michael Narwastu Arunglangi  , Lazarus Ramandei
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh adanya rencana relokasi Pasar Induk Regional Youtefa lama ke Pasar Induk Regional Youtefa Baru, yang merupakan himbauan dari pemerintah Kota Jayapura. Karena pemerintah Kota Jayapura melihat bahwa Pasar Youtefa lama memiliki berbagai permasalahan, seperti terjadinya ahli fungsi lahan pada saat pembangunan Pasar Youtefa, dimana sebelumnya Pasar Youtefa merupakan hutan sagu dan daerah resapan air, adapun permasalahan lain akibat dari terjadinya ahli fungsi lahan adalah; banjir, sarana-prasarana tidak berfungsi baik. Akibat dari himbauan pemerintah untuk merelokasi Pasar Youtefa lama ke Pasar Youtefa baru timbul berbagai macam persepsi dari berbagai macam masyarakat yaitu; pedagang dan konsumen.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) Persepsi masyarakat terkait rencana relokasi Pasar Youtefa lama ke Pasar Youtefa baru (2) Faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi relokasi Pasar Youtefa lama ke Pasar Induk Regional Youtefa baru (3) Upaya yang dilakukan pemerintah untuk meyakinkan pedagang dan konsumen terkait rencana relokasi Pasar Youtefa lama ke Pasar Yooutefa baru.

Dari berbagai macam tujuan diatas dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa rata-rata persepsi masyarakat mengenai pemindahan Pasar Youtefa lama yaitu tidak setuju yang di dominas mayoritas adalah pedagang dan konsumen lama yang sudah berjualan lebih dari 5 tahun sedangankan rata-rata yang setuju di dominasi oleh pedagang baru dan kosumen baru yang baru berjualan dan berbelanja di Pasar Youtefa kurang dari  1 tahun.
BAHAYA PENCEMARAN MERKURI PADA LOKASI PENAMBANGAN EMAS TRADISONAL DI DESA KALIREJO – DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Rya Tadeus  , Mardiyanti A. Aksa  , Rista Theedens
Published: November 2022

Merkuri digunakan sebagai media untuk memisahkan emas dari batuan yang ditambang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur konsentrasi merkuri dalam tanah di daerah pertambangan emas di Desa Kalirejo. Lima belas sampel tanah dikumpulkan dari lokasi yang terkontaminasi. Sedangkan enam sampel tanah diambil di lokasi yang tidak tercemar, dan digunakan sebagai kontrol. Sampel tanah diambil pada kedalaman 30, 60, dan 90 cm. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi merkuri dalam sampel tanah berada di kisaran 0,30- 22,51 mg/kg. Nilai ini melebihi standar kualitas merkuri dalam tanah yaitu 0,3mg/kg.
Analisis Pengaruh Suhu Terhadap Tegangan Tidak Seimbang Pada Motor Induksi
Authors: Ahmad Rizal Nurika
Published: November 2022

Permasalahan kelistrikan yang sering terjadi pada motor induksi ialah tidak seimbangnya tegangan phasa yang menyebabkan kinerja motor induksi yang semakin berkurang. Ini ditandai dengan adanya kenaikan temperature yang menyebabkan umur motor induksi tersebut berkurang. Oleh karena itu penulis mengangkat topik ini sebagai tugas akhir untuk mengetahui pengaruh tegangan tidak seimbang terhadap temperature motor induksi lima phasa, analisis ini diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai acuan untuk isolasi dan proteksi pada motor induksi itu sendiri. Motor induksi lima phasa pada keadaan tegangan tidak seimbang terjadi kenaikan temperatur yang lebih tinggi dari keadaan motor induksi lima phasa di beri tegangan seimbang, yaitu 0.36 0C/m untuk tegangan seimbang, 0.72 0C/m untuk tegangan tidak seimbang 1% dan 0.84 0C/m untuk tegangan tidak seimbang 3% berdasarkan pengukuran thermometer infrared. Sedangkan pengukuran menggunakan pengukuran resistansi yaitu 0.64 0C/m untuk tegangan seimbang, 0.934 0C/m untuk tegangan tidak seimbang 1% dan 1.147 0C/m untuk tegangan tidak seimbang 3%.
Derramamento de óleo na zona costeira do Brasil: uma análise das unidades de conservação marinhas
Authors: Macêdo do Nascimento Regina Célia , Vale de Sousa Fernanda , Pardi Vicente Caroline , Zalla Catojo Adriana Maria
Published: November 2022

RESUMO A implementação de mecanismos de gestão de Unidades de Conservação (UCs) e de áreas costeiras, de maneira integrada, são fundamentais nos processos de previsão de impactos e desastres, e na criação de medidas de mitigação. As zonas costeiras estão sujeitas a uma vulnerabilidade ambiental quanto a mudanças climáticas, pressões antrópicas e acidentes químicos em diferentes escalas. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os planos de manejo das UCs Marinhas atingidas pelo derramamento de óleo na zona costeira do Brasil no ano de 2019, tendo em vista a verificação e análise da presença de planos de contingenciamento, bem como a identificação de possíveis ações propostas para mitigação do referido impacto. Com esta pesquisa, pôde-se constatar que das 119 UCs Marinhas nos estados atingidos, apenas 42 apresentaram plano de manejo. Destas, 20 faziam parte da área atingida pelos derramamentos, abrangendo 26 municípios em 7 estados, porém, nenhuma delas apresentou em seu plano de manejo ações referentes ao contingenciamento ou mitigação de impactos devidos a acidentes químicos. Ademais, em relação a atualização dos planos de manejo, os mesmos encontraram-se desatualizados desde a sua publicação nos anos 90, como verificado nas Unidades do estado da Bahia. Sendo assim, sugere-se que ao realizar as atualizações, os planos venham a incluir especificações direcionadas a incidentes com químicos, em especial o petróleo, além das demais ações antrópicas as quais os ambientes costeiros estão predispostos. Palavras-chave: Desastre Ambiental, Gerenciamento Costeiro, Impacto Ambiental, Plano de Manejo.
On the geometry of generalized nonholonomic Kenmotsu manifolds
Authors: Bukusheva A.V.
Published: November 2022

The concept of a generalized nonholonomic Kenmotsu manifold is introduced. In contrast to the previously defined nonholonomic Kenmotsu manifold, the manifold studied in the article is an almost normal almost contact metric manifold of odd rank. The manifold is equipped with a metric connection with torsion, which is called the canonical connection in this work. The main properties of the canonical connection are studied. The canonical connection is an analogue of the generalized Tanaka-Webster connection. In this paper, we prove that the canonical connection is the only metric connection with torsion of a special structure that pre­serves the structural 1-form and the Reeb vector field. We study the in­trinsic geometry of a generalized nonholonomic Kenmotsu manifold equipped with a canonical connection. It is proved that if a generalized nonholonomic Kenmotsu manifold is an Einstein manifold with respect to a canonical connection, then it is Ricci-flat with respect to this connec­tion. An example of a generalized nonholonomic Kenmotsu manifold that is not a nonholonomic Kenmotsu manifold is given.
Complete Riemannian manifolds with Killing — Ricci and Codazzi — Ricci tensors
Authors: Stepanov S.E. , Tsyganok I. I. , Mikeš J.
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this paper is to prove of Liouville type theorems, i. e., theorems on the non-existence of Killing — Ric­ci and Codazzi — Ricci tensors on complete non-com­pact Riemannian manifolds. Our results complement the two classical vanishing theorems from the last chapter of fa­mous Besse’s monograph on Einstein manifolds.
Invariance of some classes of almost Hermitian structures concerning to the one-parameter group of diffeomorphisms generated by the Lie vector field
Authors: Khokhlov S.V. , Ignatochkina L.A.
Published: November 2022

Finding the conditions for the invariance of geometric objects under the action of transformation groups is one of the main objects of geomet­ric research. Almost Hermitian structures and structures of the Gray — Her­vella classification on smooth manifolds are considered in this paper. All arguments are given using invariant Koszul’s calculus. Conditions for the invariance of the Kähler form in type structures are investigated and it is shown that the Kähler form is covariantly constant with respect to the Lie vector field. Conditions for the invariance of the Riemannian metric under the action of a one-parameter group of diffeomorphisms generated by a Lie vector field are studied. A criterion for the invariance of an al­most complex structure with respect to the local group of diffeomor­phisms generated by the Lie vector field in the class W4 is proved. Conditions for the invariance of an operator of an almost complex structure, a tensor of a Riemannian metric, are proved. It is established that the invariance of the Riemannian structure g implies the invariance of the operator of an almost complex structure for some class of manifolds according to the Gray — Hervella classification, and conditions for the covariant constancy of the Lie form in certain classes of manifolds of dimensions above four were obtained. It is proved that the Lie form is covariantly constant in some classes of the type of dimensions above four.
Finding symmetries for the problem of water waves with surface tension
Authors: Shamardina E.R.
Published: November 2022

T. Brooke Benjamin and P. J. Olver “Hamiltonian structure, symmet­ries and conservation laws for water waves” study the behavior of Hamil­to­nian systems with an infinite-dimensional phase space. The methods of va­riational problems and infinite-dimensional differential geometry are applicable to this problem. A special case of the problem is an abstract prob­lem of hydrodynamics for an ideal fluid. Its configuration space is the group of volume-preserving diffeomorphisms of some manifold in or filled with fluid. Even more special is the problem of waves on water. Its non-standard nature is due to the presence of boundary con­di­tions on the free surface. These boundary conditions can be interpreted in terms of the functional derivatives of the energy integral, which plays the role of the Hamiltonian. Here we consider in detail the case of this prob­lem in R2, taking into account surface tension, and find symmetries for it, which was not considered in detail in the article. Finding symmet­ries can be achieved without recourse to the Hamiltonian structure of the gi­ven problem.
Identity Work, Racialized Emotions, and Equity in Mathematics Education
Authors: Valoyes-Chávez Luz , Darragh Lisa
Published: November 2022

This Research Commentary draws on the articles in the March 2022 issue of JRME, engaging with the notion of labor as a key concept to push the field toward novel understandings of equity in mathematics education. We introduce the concepts of identity work and racialized emotions to provide an alternative reading of the articles in that issue, arguing that attention to the interplay of these two concepts is vital to consider issues of equity because mathematics identity intersects with race, gender, class, and sexuality, among other social identities historically marginalized in the classroom. We argue that a focus on such interplay could help to revitalize the discourse on equity in mathematics education across the globe.
Infusing SEL into the Elementary Mathematics Experience
Authors: Orgel Rachel H.
Published: November 2022

Returning to in-person learning after COVID-19, our goal was to use our district’s framework along with the CASEL 5 to help us address the social and emotional learning needs of our students without losing the integrity of the mathematics.
Bioactivity effect of Elephantopus scaber Linn. extracts against Spodoptera litura and the soil microbial community
Authors: Yuliani Yuliani
Published: November 2022

This study investigates the biopesticidal effects of Elephantopus scaber Linn. extract on mortality of Spodoptera litura, Plutella xylostella, and non-target organisms and investigate the impact on S. litura protein levels and soil microbial community structure. The experiment was performed using a completely randomized design. Methanol extracts from E. scaber leaves, at concentrations of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, and 12%, were tested for bioactivity against the 2nd-instar larva of S. litura, P. xylostella, and earthworms. Mortality rates of the larvae and worms were observed. The collected data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by probit and descriptive analysis. The results showed that methanol extracts of E. scaber (12%) influenced the highest mortality rates for both S. litura (93.35%) and P. xylostella (96.65%) with LC50 and LC80 of S. litura was 1.867 and 4.763; for P. xylostella were 4.488 and 7.92, respectively. However, the application of E. scaber biopesticide also influences earthworms’ mortality rate. The 6% E. scaber extract resulted in 60% death of earthworms during a 20-days period. In addition, higher concentrations of E. scaber extracts resulted in lower molecular weights and levels of S. litura proteins. The diversity and density of the soil microbial community also decreased by 6% concentration.
Comportamento de galinhas domésticas – percepções de uma revisão narrativa
Authors: Carvalho Camila Lopes , Oliveira Caroline Romeiro de , Galli Gabriela Miotto , Camargo Nathalia de Oliveira Telesca , Pereira Melody Martins Cavalcante , Stefanello Thais Bastos , Melchior Raquel , Andretta Ines
Published: November 2022

A intensificação do sistema de produção avícola trouxe profundas mudanças no ambiente físico e social das aves domésticas. O manejo dessas aves tem recebido considerável atenção nos últimos anos devido às novas demandas por parte dos consumidores, principalmente aquelas relacionadas ao bem-estar. O comportamento é a maneira como os animais respondem aos diferentes estímulos que encontram em seu ambiente. As expressões comportamentais das aves domésticas e a aplicação desse conhecimento no cuidado dos animais desempenha um papel importante na maximização da eficiência de produção da cadeia avícola. Assim, definir limites éticos e diretrizes para a produção avícola é fundamental para fomentar o desenvolvimento de novas práticas produtivas, e assim garantir qualidade e produtividade sem colocar em risco o bem-estar dos animais. Esta revisão destacará as principais expressões comportamentais das aves domésticas, dentre elas as expressões sociais, alimentares, reprodutivas, além de estereotipias, e identificará as estratégias de adaptação social. Assim, promovera ao leitor e a comunidade científica uma melhor compreensão de assuntos pouco discutidos para assim auxiliar em análises comportamentais.
Linear Algorithms for Robust and Scalable Nonparametric Multiclass Probability Estimation
Authors: Zeng Liyun , Zhang Hao Helen
Published: November 2022

Multiclass probability estimation is the problem of estimating conditional probabilities of a data point belonging to a class given its covariate information. It has broad applications in statistical analysis and data science. Recently a class of weighted Support Vector Machines (wSVMs) has been developed to estimate class probabilities through ensemble learning for K-class problems (Wu et al., 2010; Wang et al., 2019), where K is the number of classes. The estimators are robust and achieve high accuracy for probability estimation, but their learning is implemented through pairwise coupling, which demands polynomial time in K. In this paper, we propose two new learning schemes, the baseline learning and the One-vs-All (OVA) learning, to further improve wSVMs in terms of computational efficiency and estimation accuracy. In particular, the baseline learning has optimal computational complexity in the sense that it is linear in K. Though not the most efficient in computation, the OVA is found to have the best estimation accuracy among all the procedures under comparison. The resulting estimators are distribution-free and shown to be consistent. We further conduct extensive numerical experiments to demonstrate their finite sample performance.
Geostatistics for Large Datasets on Riemannian Manifolds: A Matrix-Free Approach
Authors: Pereira Mike , Desassis Nicolas , Allard Denis
Published: November 2022

Large or very large spatial (and spatio-temporal) datasets have become common place in many environmental and climate studies. These data are often collected in non-Euclidean spaces (such as the planet Earth) and they often present nonstationary anisotropies. This paper proposes a generic approach to model Gaussian Random Fields (GRFs) on compact Riemannian manifolds that bridges the gap between existing works on nonstationary GRFs and random fields on manifolds. This approach can be applied to any smooth compact manifolds, and in particular to any compact surface. By defining a Riemannian metric that accounts for the preferential directions of correlation, our approach yields an interpretation of the nonstationary geometric anisotropies as resulting from local deformations of the domain. We provide scalable algorithms for the estimation of the parameters and for optimal prediction by kriging and simulation able to tackle very large grids. Stationary and nonstationary illustrations are provided.
The Circulation of Menasseh ben Israel’s Works in Puritan Libraries in England
Authors: Rabone Lawrence
Published: November 2022

In this article on book circulation, I survey twelve English library auction
catalogues from the period 1676–97, in order to show how interest in the
writings of the Amsterdam rabbi Menasseh ben Israel (1604–57) continued
after his death. I do this by identifying the circulation of his works in
Puritan personal libraries. I focus particularly on the library auction
catalogues of leading Puritans, notably Lazarus Seaman, Thomas Manton, Stephen
Charnock and John Owen. I also show that of all Menasseh’s books,
De resurrectione mortuorum libri III was the one most
frequently owned by Puritan divines. This article demonstrates how books helped
to catalyse the boundary-crossing nature of the Jewish–Christian
encounter in seventeenth-century England.
Forensic treatment and human identification in the age of COVID-19
Authors: Beltrán-Gil Isabel , Lopez-Cerquera María Alexandra , Reyes Muñoz Linda Guadalupe , Sedano Rios Sandra Ivette , Maestro Martínez Nuvia Montserrat , Franco Diana Newberry
Published: November 2022

As a result of the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic, in 2020 forensic institutions
in Mexico began using extreme measures in the treatment of bodies of confirmed
or suspected cases, due to possible infection. A series of national protocols on
how to deal with the virus were announced, yet forensic personnel have struggled
to apply these, demonstrating the country’s forensics crisis. This
article aims to reflect on two points: (1) the impact that COVID-19 protocols
have had on how bodies confirmed as or suspected of being infected with the
virus are handled in the forensic medical system; and (2) the particular
treatment in cases where the body of the victim is unidentified, and the
different effects the pandemic has had in terms of the relationship between the
institutional environment and the family members of those who have died as a
result of infection, or suspected infection, from COVID-19.
Natural deaths in extraordinary times
Authors: Reineke Robin C.
Published: November 2022

Research into the governance of dead bodies, primarily focused on post-conflict
contexts, has often focused on the aspects of the management of dead bodies that
involve routinisation, bureaucratisation and order. Less attention has been paid
to the governance of the dead in times of relative peace and, in particular, to
the aspects of such work that are less bureaucratised and controlled. This
article explores the governance of dead bodies in pandemic times – times
which although extraordinary, put stress on ordinary systems in ways that are
revealing of power and politics. Observations for this article come from over
fifteen years of ethnographic research at a medical examiner’s office in
Arizona, along with ten focused interviews in 2020 with medico-legal authorities
and funeral directors specifically about the COVID-19 pandemic. The author
argues that the pandemic revealed the ways in which the deathcare industry in
the United States is an unregulated, decentralised and ambiguous space.
In Then Out of the Frame
Authors: de Laat Sonya
Published: November 2022

From June 1918 to April 1919, the American social photographer Lewis Hine made photographs of refugees in Europe. Refugees emerged as an unexpectedly humanitarian subject during World War I. Care for them was part of the American Red Cross’ (ARC) overall war relief activities, which Hine was hired to visually record. In this paper, I present the way in which refugees went from being framed in the ARC’s mass-circulated popular Red Cross Magazine as unique, innocent, idealized war-affected civilians to eventually being visually displaced in a shifting humanitarian landscape. For refugees who were, by 1920, making their way across the ocean to North America, visual displacement from the humanitarian visual sphere was tantamount to territorial displacement. Anxieties and negative rhetoric of the unassimilated alien prevailed, resulting in the temporary ‘closure’ of America’s borders and the ARC’s growing American-centric relief activities. Entwined with anti-Bolshevism, American immigration, and isolationist politics of the early twentieth century, Hine’s photographs and the ARC’s role in contributing to humanitarian photography are an early example of a rise and fall in sympathies towards refugees that would continue throughout the century.
Witnessing and Témoignage in MSF’s Advocacy
Authors: Gorin Valérie
Published: November 2022

The following conversation explores the emergence of advocacy within the MSF movement. Maria Guevara was Senior Operational Positioning and Advocacy Advisor in the Operational Centre Geneva (OCG) at MSF Switzerland. Marc DuBois was the Head of the Humanitarian Affairs Department in the Operational Centre Amsterdam (OCA) at MSF Holland and the former Director of MSF UK. Together, we discuss the principle of ‘bearing witness’ and the dilemmas it has raised among MSF’s different sections, as well as its link to eyewitness.
Visual Media and Development Education in Canadian Schools
Authors: Marshall Dominique
Published: November 2022

For two decades, the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) prepared pedagogical materials for Canadian schools. This article reviews the role of visual media in the hundreds of publications prepared for Development Education. Samples collected by Marc Rockbrune, Distribution Clerk responsible for their expedition in schools, libraries, and homes, and donated in 2016 to Carleton University Archives and Research Collections, are read with the help of the ‘psychopedagogical guides’ prepared by CIDA, and the testimonies of two workers of the agency linked to their preparation and dissemination: Mary Bramley, curator of the International Development Photo Library, and Rockbrune himself. Prepared with a large measure of autonomy by a sizeable team of visual artists, designers, and third world reformers, the program outreach was large, and its popularity strong. The expected and effective roles of visual media in the history of this short-lived institution of Development Education is explored to suggest elements of understanding of their impact on a generation of Canadian children and youth.
Accounting for the Semantics of the NP V NP Construction in English
Authors: Hamelin Lise , Legallois Dominique
Published: November 2022

In English the NP1 V NP2 construction typically involves arguments that are construed as Agent and Patient, or Subject and Object. It is associated with the notion of transitivity and analyzed accordingly, even when it exhibits only the syntactic properties of transitivity but not its semantic characteristics. This phenomenon is well-known and has been accounted for by linguists (Lakoff 1977; Hopper and Thompson 1980, among others) as a result of the absence of some prototypical transitive features in the utterance. This paper aims at demonstrating that the NP1 V NP2 structure has a semantic value and conveys a general abstract sense, of which prototypical transitivity represents only one particular realization whose occurrence is determined by the semantic and aspectual properties of the context. It will be argued that the sense of this construction can be explained through concepts that are not usually used in the description of transitive utterances, namely conjunction and disjunction. In some examples, the subject enters a relation of conjunction or disjunction with the object. In others, it is the other way round.
The Dynamics of Postnominal Adjectives in Middle English
Authors: Volná Veronika , Šaldová Pavlína
Published: November 2022

Middle English was a period of transition between the free word order of Old English, with functional variation of adjective form and position with respect to the head noun, and the fixed prenominal placement of single attributive adjectives in Modern English. Aided by the PPCME2 of the Penn-Helsinki corpora, this corpus-driven study explores the range of adjectives attested frequently after the head noun, as well as their relative attraction to the position and, sampling the ME period with emphasis on variables in the corpus metadata, compares the frequencies of postnominally placed adjectives in various genres, capturing their declining overall frequency over time. These general tendencies are commented against the background of postpositives in PDE.
Thermal percolation network in Al2O3 based thermal conductive polymer
Authors: Xu Hao-Zhe , Xu Xiang-Fan ,   Center for Phononics and Thermal Energy Science, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
Published: November 2022

Polymers incorporated with high thermal conductivity fillers have numerous applications in thermal interface materials. Plenty of efforts have been made to improve the thermal conductivity of polymer composite. A possible method is to choose fillers with different morphologies, which can combine the advantages of various fillers. However, owing to the limitations of the effective medium theory as well as lack of researches of thermal percolation, there is still little understanding of the synergistic mechanism of fillers with different morphologies. In order to avoid the coupling effect of different materials, this work uses the same kind of Al2O3 but with different morphologies to prepare different kinds of epoxy composites incorporated with spherical Al2O3, plate-like Al2O3 and fillers mixed of 1∶1 ratio. The thermal conductivity of each sample is measured by the steady state method. With the fitting of the thermal percolation theory, the synergistic effect of plate-like fillers and that of spherical fillers are verified to promote the formation of thermal percolation network. In addition, by observing the microscopic distribution of fillers, we try to explain the mechanism of this synergistic effect.
Finding abundance regulators
Authors: Ozguc Olivia , Vonesch Sibylle
Published: November 2022

A new pooled screening method in yeast allows scientists to probe how protein levels are regulated by mutating thousands of genes at once.
Analysis of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in an Urban Community of Koppal, Karnataka, India: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Nimbannavar Smita M , Mane Vijaykumar P
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Water, Sanitation and Hygienic (WaSH) practices are the major predictors of morbidity, mortality as well as nutritional status and are highly cost-effective. Their adequate implementation contributes to overall improvement of the population. Many communicable diseases can be effectively managed by improving the sanitation, hygiene and water usage practices. Globally, limited access to water and low level of sanitation and hygiene practices are responsible for 90% of diarrhoea-related mortality. Aim: To estimate the proportion of population having access to safe water, adequate sanitation and practice of hand hygiene among people at Koppal, Karnataka, India and also to determine their association with occurrence of diarrhoeal episodes. Materials and Methods: This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the field practice area of Urban Health Centre (UHC), Koppal, Karnataka, India, from March 2019 to July 2019. Simple random sampling technique was used for sample selection and a total of 410 households were included in the study. Data about source, availability, accessibility, treatment methods of water, availability of toilet, details about domestic hygiene, hand hygiene practices and also history of diarrhoeal episodes among members of the household were collected through interviews using pretested and semi-structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done using Epi info software version 3.5.4 {Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America}. WaSH practices were presented as percentages and Chi-square test at 5% level of significance was applied to test the association between the occurrence of diarrhoeal episodes and the various environmental factors. Results: The primary source of drinking water in majority (314, 76.58%) of households was piped corporation water and majority (309, 75.36%) of households had individual toilets. Majority (390, 95.12%) of the respondents practiced to wash hands after using toilet followed by 349 (85.12%) respondents admitted to wash hands before taking meals. Diarrhoeal episodes among household members, were found to be significantly associated with piles of solid waste around their households. Conclusion: The present study finds that three out of four households had access to safe water and one out of three households treated water before drinking. More than nine among ten households had access to either individual or community toilet facilities. Similarly, nine out of ten participants admitted to wash their hands after using toilet and eight washed before taking meals. Solid waste piles around households were identified as risk factors for occurrence of diarrhoea both among adults and children.
Red Blood Cell Morphology in Diabetic Patients: A Case-control Study
Authors: Taneja Anmol , Jagtap Miheer , Shukla Samarth , Vagha Sunita
Published: November 2022

Introduction: According to earlier studies, patients suffering from diabetes frequently experience haematological changes. India is the diabetes capital, with 69.1 million residents suffering from the disease. Aim: To study Red Blood Cell (RBC) morphological changes and grading on percentage of cells that differ in size and shape from normal erythrocytes in diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: The case-control study was conducted at Division of Central Clinical Laboratory in Department of Pathology in coordination with Department of General Medicine at Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, Maharashtra, India, from October 2019 to October 2021. Total 90 known cases of diabetes mellitus, aged between 18-80 years and 90 subjects (control group) with normal blood glucose levels were included for the study. Demographic details, anthropometric, parameters i.e, Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), Random Blood Sugar (RBS), Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and morphology of blood smear were assessed. Results: The mean age of study group was 54.98±2.31 years and control group was 50.45±17.94 years (p-value= 0.0004). The mean random blood sugar of study group was 163.92±91.31 mg/dL and of control group was 96.92±22.31 mg/dL (p-value=0.0001). Mean HbA1c for the study group was 7.73±1.71%, while in control group was 5.24±0.62% (p-value=0.0001). In the study group, 9 (10%) cases showed a slight anisocytosis (1+) and 3 (3.3%) cases showed moderate anisocytosis (2+), 2 (2.2%) cases showed marked anisocytosis (3+) (variation in size of RBCs with respect to normal) in respect to Mean Corpuscle Volume (MCV), and 11 (12.2%) cases showed MCV <80 fL, 2 (2.2%) cases showed MCV >80 fL, while majority of the cases; 77 (85.5%) had normal sized RBCs, had MCV between 80-99 fL. Conclusion: The findings of the study suggest that there is need for some simple and effective techniques like ectocytometry, micropore filtration for routine haematological tests in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Immunofluorescence on Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded Renal Tissue Sections: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Malipatel Renuka , Vellaisamy Gnanapriya , Rout Pritilata
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Direct Immunofluorescence (DIF)/Routine Immunofluorescence (R-IF) on frozen sections is vital in the work-up of renal diseases. Sometimes, the unfixed sample may not be available for DIF or the sample may be inadequate. Paraffin Immunofluorescence (P-IF) can be used as a salvage technique in these situations. R-IF is more sensitive than P-IF in detecting Immunoglobulins (Ig) and complements. P-IF detects characteristic immunoglobulins and complements in the majority of glomerular diseases. Aim: To evaluate the sensitivity of the P-IF in comparison to the gold standard R-IF in renal biopsies with proliferative and non proliferative glomerular diseases. Materials and Methods: The present study was a retrospective study done on 52 selected cases, at St. John’s Medical College, Bangalore, Karnataka, India, data collected from January to December 2016. Based on the clinical differential diagnoses, light microscopy and R-IF findings; selected panels of immunostains (IgG, IgA, IgM, C3, C1q) were done. Proteinase K was used for enzymatic digestion. Immunofluorescence intensity was scored by two pathologists independently. Any specific pattern of staining of atleast 1+ intensity was considered as positive on P-IF. Sensitivity, specificity and confidence intervals were estimated for P-IF. Results: P-IF was done on a total of 52 selected cases. In this study P-IF showed 100% sensitivity for diagnosis of lupus nephritis, infection related glomerulonephritis, Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP) nephritis and 78% for IgA nephropathy. Overall sensitivity in the diagnoses of common glomerular diseases studied was 90% (95% CI=78.97-96.80, p-value=0.025). It was less sensitive for detecting C3. Conclusion: This retrospective study demonstrated that, P-IF has a good sensitivity for diagnosing common glomerulopathies like IgA nephropathy and lupus nephritis. P-IF is a good adjunct to R-IF testing with 100% specificity.
Risk Assessment of the Accident Place Types Considering the Coastal Activity Time
Authors: Seo Heui Jung , Park Seon Jung , Park Seol Hwa , Park Seung Min
Published: November 2022

The Korea Coast Guard evaluates the risk of major coastal activity places to prevent coastal accidents, and patrols and manages them based on that, but it is not responding properly to the continuously increasing number of coastal accidents. The reason for this is that, despite the gradual expansion of coastal activity places, there is a lack of manpower to manage and supervise them, resulting in blind spots in coastal accident safety management. Therefore, in order to solve this problem, it is necessary to prepare more efficient and effective measures that check and supplement the current coastal safety management system. Coastal accidents show different characteristics of accident causes and places due to differences in the activity characteristics of users according to time. As a result of analyzing coastal accident data (2017~2021), the frequency of daytime accidents is high in the case of sea rock, beach, and offshore, where family leisure activities are frequent. In the case of wharf, tidal flat and bridge, where accidents due to drinking, disorientation, and suicide mainly occur, the frequency of accidents at night is high. In addition, there were more accidents on weekends when the number of users increased compared to weekdays. This trend indicates that the user's temporal activity characteristics must be reflected in the risk assessment of coastal activity places. Therefore, in this study, based on the case of coastal accidents, the characteristics of accidents at coastal activity places according to time were identified, and the criteria were presented for risk evaluation by grading them. It is expected that it will be possible to lay the foundation for reducing coastal accidents by efficiently managing and supervising coastal activity places over time using the presented evaluation criteria.
Preserving Fertility in Women With Cancer
Authors: Hoffman Aubri S. , Rauh-Hain J. Alejandro , Woodard Terri L.
Published: November 2022

This Viewpoint discusses strategies to optimize oncofertility care and improve the survivorship experience of women with cancer.
Effectiveness of Tonsillectomy vs Modified Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty in Patients With Tonsillar Hypertrophy and Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Sundman Joar , Nerfeldt Pia , Fehrm Johan , Bring Johan , Browaldh Nanna , Friberg Danielle
Published: November 2022

Importance

Modified uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (mUPPP) is a surgical treatment for selected adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Tonsillectomy (TE) alone is a less extensive alternative treatment.

Objective

To investigate whether mUPPP is more effective than TE alone in treating adult patients with tonsillar hypertrophy and moderate to severe OSA.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This blinded randomized clinical trial compared the effectiveness of mUPPP with TE alone before surgery and 6 months postsurgery in adults with tonsillar hypertrophy (sizes 2, 3, or 4 according to the Friedman staging) and moderate to severe OSA in a university hospital in Stockholm, Sweden. Participants underwent surgery from January 2016 to February 2021; the last postsurgery follow-up was completed in September 2021. Data analyses were performed from January to September 2022.

Interventions

mUPPP vs TE alone.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Between-group differences on the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS).

Results

The study cohort comprised 93 patients (mean [SD] age, 41.6 [9.4] years; 80 [86%] men; race/ethnicity were not considered) with a mean (SD) body mass index of 29.0 (2.8), calculated as weight in kg divided by height in m2. Of these, 90 participants (97%) completed the protocol (mUPPP, n = 45; TE, n = 45). The mean (SD) AHI score (number of events per hour [events/h]) for the mUPPP group decreased by 43%, from 51.0 (22.6) to 28.0 (20.0) events/h; and for the TE group, 56%, from 56.9 (25.1) to 24.7 (22.6) events/h. The mean between-group difference in AHI score was 9.2 events/h (95% CI, 0.5 to 17.9), with a small effect size (Cohen d = 0.44) in favor of TE. For ESS scores, the between-group difference was also small, only 1.1 (95% CI, –1.3 to 3.4; Cohen d = 0.21). Neither difference was considered to be clinically relevant.

Conclusions and Relevance

This randomized clinical trial demonstrated that mUPPP was not more effective than TE alone in treating patients with tonsillar hypertrophy and moderate to severe OSA. However, there was a small difference in favor of TE. Because TE alone is less extensive, it could be considered as an alternative to mUPPP in this selected group of patients with OSA.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02523248
Myoblast‐derived exosomes promote the repair and regeneration of injured skeletal muscle in mice
Authors: Ji Shusen , Ma Pei , Cao Xiaorui , Wang Juan , Yu Xiuju , Luo Xiaomao , Lu Jiayin , Hou Wei , Zhang Zhijuan , Yan Yi , Dong Yanjun , Wang Haidong
Published: November 2022

When skeletal muscle is damaged, satellite cells (SCs) are activated to proliferate rapidly and fuse with the damaged muscle fibers to form new muscle fibers, thereby promoting muscle growth and remodeling and repair of trauma. Exosomes from differentiating human skeletal muscle cells trigger myogenesis of stem cells and provide biochemical cues for skeletal muscle regeneration. Therefore, we hypothesized that, when muscles are injured, myoblast‐derived exosomes may regulate muscle repair and regeneration. Here, we investigated the underlying mechanism by applying C2C12‐derived exosomes to injured mouse skeletal muscles. The expression levels of skeletal muscle regeneration factors paired box 7 and lipid‐promoting factor peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ were upregulated, whereas the expression levels of fibrosis factors collagen‐1 and α‐smooth muscle actin decreased. The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen was elevated after applying C2C12‐derived exosomes to SCs. Application of C2C12‐derived exosomes to fibro‐adipogenic progenitors resulted in an increase in peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ expression and adipogenesis capacity, whereas α‐smooth muscle actin expression and fibrosis capacity decreased. Analysis of the transcriptome and proteome of SCs after treatment with exosomes showed the involvement of multiple biological processes, including proliferation and differentiation of SCs, muscle regeneration, skeletal muscle atrophy, and the inflammatory response after muscle injury. Hence, our data suggest that C2C12‐derived exosomes can promote the regeneration of skeletal muscle fibers, accelerate the production of fat from damaged muscles, inhibit the fibrosis of damaged muscles, and accelerate injury repair, which is related to exosome‐mediated regulation of the proliferation of SCs, differentiation of fibro‐adipogenic progenitors, and modulation of SC mRNA expression and protein formation and decomposition.
Nanoimprint Lithography‐Dependent Vertical Composition Gradient in Pseudo‐Planar Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells Combined with Sequential Deposition
Authors: Mao Houdong , Zhang Lifu , Wen Lin , Huang Liqiang , Tan Licheng , Chen Yiwang
Published: November 2022

Although suitable vertical phase separation morphology in organic solar cells (OSCs) can be obtained by the donor/acceptor sequential deposition (SD) method, the lack of precisely adjusting vertical composition gradient and molecular crystallinity is a key limitation. Here, nanoimprint lithography (NIL) combined with SD dual‐functionalized regulation strategy is first used to fabricate high‐performance pseudo‐planar heterojunction (PPHJ) OSCs, which is conducive to constructing vertical bi‐continuous donor/acceptor network to provide sufficient charge separation interface area and orderly charge transport channels. PM6 donor with regular periodic nanograting structure and improved crystallinity is formed via NIL, effectively avoiding the erosion problem ascribed from the subsequent depositing of the Y6 acceptor. Furthermore, the finite‐different time‐domain (FDTD) measurement is employed to confirm the vertical composition gradient of the donor/acceptor, revealing a strong regular light absorption and reduced voltage loss. As a result, the best‐imprinted device enables a power conversion efficiency as high as 17.36%, which is higher than the control SD‐based device (15.46%). It is the first time to obtain high‐quality PM6 nanograting by NIL, which can provide an avenue to form favorable phase separation morphology and adjust the vertical composition gradient for the high‐performance PPHJ OSCs.
Orbital Interactions between the Organic Semiconductor Spacer and the Inorganic Layer in Dion–Jacobson Perovskites Enable Efficient Solar Cells
Authors: Dong Yixin , Dong Xiyue , Lu Di , Chen Mingqian , Zheng Nan , Wang Rui , Li Qiaohui , Xie Zengqi , Liu Yongsheng
Published: November 2022

2D Dion–Jacobson (DJ) perovskites have become emerging photovoltaic materials owing to their intrinsic structure stability. However, as insulating aliphatic cations are widely used as spacers, the interactions between the spacers and inorganic layers in DJ perovskites have rarely been studied. Here, an organic semiconductor spacer with two covalently connected thiophene rings, namely bithiophene dimethylammonium (BThDMA), is successfully developed for 2D DJ perovskite solar cells (PSCs). An important finding is that there are strong orbital interactions between the conjugated organic spacer and adjacent inorganic layers, whereas no such interactions exist in DJ perovskite using an aliphatic octane‐1,8‐diaminium (ODA) spacer with similar length. The BThDMA spacer with multiple conjugated aromatic rings can also induce crystal growth with large grain size and preferred vertical orientation, resulting in reduced trap density and improved charge‐carrier mobility. As a result, the optimized device based on (BThDMA)MAn−1PbnI3n+1 (nominal n = 5) shows an excellent PCE of 18.1% with negligible hysteresis, which is a record efficiency for 2D DJ PSCs using a spacer with two or more covalently linked aromatic rings. These findings provide a novel and important insight on achieving efficient and stable 2D DJ perovskite solar cells by developing organic semiconductor spacers.