bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anti-Alzhimer Activity of Bay Leaves in Scopolamine-induced Rat Model
Authors: Banpure Sonali G , Chopade Vitthal V , Chaudhari Pravin D , Ingale Pramod  L
Published: April 2023

Indian spices always play a great role in Ayurveda and Indian medicine. So, analyzing these plants for their unknown and specialized activity is great. Nearly all the spices have some activity on the brain and CNS. Bay leaves are one of the most common culinary spices from day to day life of Indians. In this study, we have studied bay leaves for their anti-Alzheimer activity which depends on the inhibition of acetylcholine esterase and butyrylcholinesterase. For this study, fi rstly bay leaf oil was extracted by hydrodistillation. Further phytoconstituent like alpha-pinene, terpineol, 1,8-cineol, sabinene, and methyl eugenol were isolated and purifi ed by using TLC, HPLC, and column chromatography followed by fractional distillation. These isolated phytoconstituents were evaluated for their acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibition activity in scopolamine-induced rats. This study used galanthamine as a reference, and compared the anti-alzheimer activity of all isolated phytoconstituents.
Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Catechol Amines Drugs in Pharmaceutical Preparations
Authors: Aljeboree Aseel M , Altimari Usama S , Azeez Maha D , Alkaim Ayad F
Published: April 2023

Spectrophotometric methods were developed for the estimation of diazotization of metoclopramide hydrochloride and coupling with catecholamine (dopamine and adrenaline) at the same order. The resulting a violet color that appear to have maximum absorption at λmax 566 nm, and λmax (561) adrenaline, and dopamine, respectively. The optimum conditions of the experiment were individually performed to fi nd high absorbance effi ciency for both drugs. Under the best conditions, law Beer’s lambert was obeyed in the concentration of two drugs range of 1–20 mg/L (R2 = 0.9984), (R2 = 0.9965), and lead to obtain the limit of quantitation (LoQ) (μg mL-1) 0.155 and 0.138, and limit of detection (LoD) (μg mL-1) 0.517 and 0.461, adrenaline, dopamine at the same order. The proposed process was applied and validated to estimate adrenaline and dopamine in several samples of pharmaceutical preparations.
Bioactive Secondary Metabolites Extracted from Some Species of Candida Isolated from Women Infected with Vulvovaginal Candidiasis
Authors: Hassan Khutam J , Kasim Ali A
Published: April 2023

Candida spp. are well known for their impact on our life as opportunistic pathogens and can produce secondary metabolites, which are an interesting source of high-value chemicals and are often diffi cult to synthesize chemically. Some of these metabolites are already being used as active antimicrobials or pharmaceuticals. GC-MS analysis of chemical compounds was conducted in ethyl acetate of fi ve Candida species (C. parapsilosis, C. albicans, C. krusei, C. glabrata and C. kefyr). The results showed that about 249 chemical compounds were detected from all tested Candida species. Fifteen bioactive compounds identifi ed in secondary metabolites of all tested species. Benzene, pentamethyl, n-hexadecanoic acid, 1-docosene and bis(2-ethylhexyl) produced by C. parapsilosis, C. albicans, C. krusei and C. glabrata. All tested Candida except C. krusei produced 3buten- 1-ol and ethyl acetoacetate ethylene acetal. Benzen, 2-ethenyl-1,3-dimethyl- a compound found in four tested Candida except C. albicans, benezene, (1-ethyl-1-propenyl)- produced by all species except C. glabrata, acetic acid, cyclohexyl ester produced by C. parapsilosis, C. albicans and C. glabrata.
Eco-friendly Analytical Method for Estimation for Benzodiazepine Drug in Pure and Pharmaceuticals Formulations by Oxidative Coupling Reaction with Phenylephrine Hydrochloride
Authors: Aljeboree Aseel M , Essa Shaimaa M , Dawood Farah A , Ali Mohammed S , Alkaim Ayad F
Published: April 2023

A simple, fast, sensitive and selective spectrophotometric method has been developed based on the oxidative coupling reaction process, which depends on the determination of clonazepam (CZP) drug using an oxidizing agent sodium periodate (NaIO4) in the presence of a reagent, phenylephrine hydrochloride (PH-HCL), that uses the pink color of CZP at a wavelength of 495 nm. Where several factors aff ecting the color intensity and absorbance were studied, including the eff ect of color stability time, eff ect of the volume of the reagent, the eff ect of the volume of the oxidizing agent, order of addition and temperature. The calibration curve found to obey Lambert beer at range concentration (2–20 mg/L), while the limit of detection (LoD) (8. 9*10-2), limit of quantitation (LoQ) (2.6*10-2) and molar absorbance is 1.4 × 102 liters mol-1cm-1. The method was applied to pharmaceutical preparations (Tablet) and was found to characterize the best precision and accuracy. The standard methods not need any control of temperature and also not aff ected by interferences and henceforth successfully utilized to determine CZP in pharmaceutical preparations
The analysis of MMP2, MMP3 and MMP9 matrix metalloproteinases genes polymorphism among Russian Caucasian patients with primary open-angle glaucoma
Authors:   Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymрhology – Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Shevchenko A.V. , Prokof'ev V.F. ,   Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymрhology – Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Konenkov V.I. ,   Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymрhology – Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Ermakova O.V. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Novosibirsk Branch, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Trunov A.N. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Novosibirsk Branch, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Chernykh V.V. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Novosibirsk Branch, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Published: April 2023

Relevance. Glaucoma is one of the significant causes of irreversible blindness among aging population around the world. The significant role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in the remodeling of eye structures during the development of glaucoma is widely discussed in the scientific literature. It is assumed that the polymorphism of the regulatory regions of the genes encoding MMP can affect the level of their expression and contribute to predisposition to the development of the disease. Purpose. To study the features of the polymorphism of the genes of matrix metalloproteinases MMP2, MMP3 and MMP9 in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. Material and methods. Main group 99 patients with a verified diagnosis of stage II primary open-angle glaucoma. 100 people without glaucoma in anamnesis are included in the control group. Polymorphism of promoter region MMP2 (rs2438650), MMP3 (rs3025058), MMP9 (rs3918242) genes was analyzed. Results. It is shown that minor homozygous genotype MMP2 is significantly more frequent, and heterozygous genotypeMMP2is less frequent among patients with glaucoma. Two complex genotypes which associated with disease were identified. The protective MMP2-1306 TT genotype was confirmed at group of women with glaucoma relative to women without glaucoma and high odds ratio of disease developing for complex genotype MMP2-130 6TC:MMP3-1171 6A6A was shown relative to the general group. Conclusion. The data we obtained on the protective significance of the presence in the human genome of the homozygous variant of the MMP2gene -1306TTallow us to use them in further studies related to risk of occurrence and development of primary open-angle glaucoma. Key words: primary open-angle glaucoma, gene polymorphism, matrix metalloproteinases
Mixed ciliary-capsular fixation of a three-piece IOL during phacoemulsification in patients with the lenticular ligamentous-capsular system's failure
Authors:   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurger y Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Malyugin B.E. , Panteleev E.N. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurger y Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Khapaeva L.L. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurger y Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Savenkov S.G. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurger y Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: April 2023

Purpose. To evaluate clinical results of mixed ciliary-capsular fixation of a three-piece IOL in combination with the intracapsular ring's implantation during phacoemulsification in patients' zonular weakness caused by pseudoexfoliative (PEX) syndrome. Material and methods. This study included 78 patients (86 eyes) with complicated cataract and PEX syndrome associated with zonular weakness and natural lens instability. The average age of the patients was 74.3±9.3 years. Phacoemulsification was performed in a standard technique and followed by ciliary-capsular fixation of a three- piece IOL in all cases. Preoperative and postoperative follow up period lasted from 1st day until 10 months postop. It included biomicroscopy, visual acuity measurement, keratometry, tonometry, ultrasonic biomicroscopy, optical coherence tomography of the posterior segment of the eye. Results. At the 2nd day postop (86 cases) UCVA and BCVA were 0.46±0.29 and 0.58±0.27 respectively, IOP was 16.48±2.81 mm Hg; at 10 months postop (38 cases) UCVA and BCVA – 0.54±0.31 and 0.79±0.28, IOP – 15.34±3.71 mm Hg. The average deviation of the predicted refraction at the 2 days after surgery was –0.29±0.77 D with no significant change after 10 months. Efficiency ratio at 10 months postop was 193, the safety factor was 285. This type of IOL fixation didn't lead to an increase in IOP, development of chronic inflammation such as iridocyclitis or any other comorbidity. All IOLs were stable position regardless of the status of the zonular fibers. Conclusion. As a result of a preliminary study, it was found that mixed ciliary-capsular fixation of a three-piece IOL provides its stable position, high clinical and functional results in the early and late postoperative period after phacoemulsification in patients with pseudoexfoliative syndrome and failure of the lenticular ligamentous-capsular system. Key words: pseudoexfoliative syndrome, zonular weakness, intraocular lens, ciliary-capsular fixation, lens subluxation, myopic shift
L’entrée du corps de la femme dans le corps de la magistrature ou l’histoire vécue de cette aventure
Authors: Gaboriau-Monthioux Simone
Published: April 2023

Bouleversement sociologique, la loi du 11 avril 1946 ouvre la magistrature française à « l’un et l'autre sexe » mettant fin à une situation pluriséculaire de monopolisation de la justice par les hommes. Pour s’intégrer dans ce monde « viril » hostile, les femmes ont dû développer des stratégies. Ma propre expérience sera au cœur de ce texte sans la déconnecter des analyses plus globales et systémiques. Ni mon milieu social, ni mes études secondaires ne me prédestinaient à être juge mais j’ai eu très tôt la vocation. Ayant passé le concours d’entrée à l’école de la magistrature, en 1968, j’appartiens à la deuxième vague des pionnières. J’ai découvert, à ma prise de fonctions en 1971, une justice dans un état délétère et j’ai rejoint, très tôt, le Syndicat de la Magistrature créée en 1968 dont je devais devenir la présidente, première femme présidente d’un syndicat judiciaire, 14 ans plus tard. J’ai dû affirmer mon autorité et affronter le machisme ambiant. J’ai réussi à faire une carrière, véritable parcours d’obstacles pour les femmes qui demeurent, quoiqu’actuellement majoritaires dans le corps, minoritaires dans les fonctions de « haute responsabilité ». In fine, je me demanderai si cette arrivée des femmes dans la magistrature a provoqué des changements dans la justice. Je poserai des questions sans nécessairement leur donner à toutes des réponses définitives tant le sujet des femmes de justice reste une « terra incognita » et tant moi-même, après 40 ans de carrière, je ne peux être affirmative sur tout.
Mujeres en la justicia: “Lo callado"
Authors: Vallet Hilda Eleonora
Published: April 2023

Vemos hoy a las mujeres en la justicia, Juezas y Magistradas, con brillantes carreras, pero ¿cómo ha sido el acceso a la magistratura para la mujer? Sabemos que no han sido ni son fáciles estos caminos para las magistradas. ¿Existieron códigos no escritos que pudieron haber condicionado el acceso de la mujer a la Magistratura? ¿Conocemos esos "códigos", o son parte de "lo callado" lo que nadie quiere recordar? Quizás, las adultas mayores de la justicia puedan acercarnos algunas respuestas. Intentaremos encontrar algunas de esas "normas", argumentos y/o decires que serían parte de "lo callado" en el camino de la mujer por los "entresijos" de la Justicia.
La independencia judicial en Guatemala
Authors: Rodas Andrade Jordan
Published: April 2023

Procurador de los derechos humanos de Guatemala, de 2017 a 2022 en los gobiernos de Jimmy Morales (2016-2020 y de Alejandro Giammatei (2019-2024), Jordan Rodas Andrade testimonia de lo que ha vivido y combatido, durante su mandato, sorteando amenazas, impedimentos, trabas, escollos, en defensa de una real democracia participativa. Desde el exilio, esboza su visión de lo que se debe emprender para la práctica de una justicia independiente y del cumplimiento de los derechos humanos.
PERILAKU SISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MENGGUNAKAN INTERNET SEBAGAI MEDIA BELAJAR (STUDI DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS NEGERI 2 SUNGAI AMBAWANG)
Authors: Sikwan Agus , Syarmiati Syarmiati , Utami Silsilia Esti
Published: April 2023

This research aims to describe students’ behavior in using the internet while learning and analyze factors that change the students’ behavior at the State Senior High School 2 of Sungai Ambawang. The research used a qualitative method to obtain a detailed and comprehensive understanding of their behavior using the internet as learning media at school. The research found that the student struggled to concentrate during the lesson. One of the factors was that the students played game, browsed other media, and did other online activities. The data were collected using interviews, observation, and documentation. To analyze the data, the researchers did several procedures such as data reduction, presentation, and verification. This research used a behaviorism theory expressed by B.F. Skinner. This theory focuses on the relationship between the effect of an individual’s behavior on his surroundings and the effect of the surrounding on the individual. According to Skinner, almost all human behavior falls into two categories: respondent and operant behavior. Respondent behavior is an unconscious action (reflex) that is resulted from a particular stimulus from the surrounding. Meanwhile, the operant behavior refers to behavior emitted spontaneously and freely.
SOSIALISASI PARTISIPATIF GURU SOSIOLOGI DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEDISIPLINAN SISWA KELAS XI IPS 1 SMA NEGERI 1 TELUK KERAMAT
Authors: Sari Pamela , Bahari Yohanes , Asriati Nuraini
Published: April 2023

This study aims to determine the form of participatory socialization of sociology teachers in improving the discipline of class XI IPS 1 students at SMA Negeri 1 Teluk Keramat, Sambas Regency. Researchers used descriptive research methods with qualitative research forms. The data sources for this study were the sociology teacher, BK teacher, and six students of class XI IPS 1. The results showed that participatory socialization of sociology teachers in improving the discipline of class XI IPS 1 students of SMA Negeri 1 Teluk Keramat by giving symbolic rewards. Giving rewards for good behavior in the form of praise as a form of teacher appreciation for students, communication as interaction, namely communication that exists between teachers and students directly and face to face, verbal communication with oral and written so that it is easily understood by students, student-centered socialization, and students' learning needs are taken into account.
ANALISIS PERNIKAHAN USIA DINI REMAJA PEREMPUAN DI DESA JAWAI LAUT KECAMATAN JAWAI SELATAN KABUPATEN SAMBAS
Authors: Novitasari Delfia , Bahari Yohanes , Asriati Nuraini
Published: April 2023

This research is entitled Analysis of Early Childhood Marriage for Girls in Jawai Laut Village, South Jawai District, Sambas Regency. The purpose of this study was to determine the causes and effects of early marriage and the impact of early marriage by adolescent girls in Jawai Laut Village, South Jawai District, Sambas Regency. Sources of data in this study were teenage girls who married at an early age. The results of this study indicate that the factors that cause early marriage in Jawai Laut Village, South Jawai District, Sambas Regency are the low level of economy and education level. Factors that also encourage early marriage in the village of Jawai Laut, South Jawai District, Sambas Regency, are due to the accident factor (married by accident) before they got married. Early marriage has an impact on adolescent girls who marry at school age because they are pregnant before marriage, then the impact of losing the opportunity to complete a better education.
LIVELIHOOD STRATEGIES OF FISHING LABOR HOUSEHOLDS IN AIR BANGIS VILLAGE, WEST SUMATRA
Authors: Yulianda Egi , Irwan Irwan , Erningsih Erningsih
Published: April 2023

This research is motivated by fishermen who experience economic problems in household life, where the income earned by fishermen is not sufficient to meet the needs of life and even brought UMP (Provincial Minimum Wage) West Sumatra. The average income for fishing laborers is Rp. 1,000,000. per month, but there are still fishermen who still survive as traditional fishermen. Even though work as a fisherman is a big risk and has uncertain income. The theory used in this research is the livelihood strategy theory proposed by White 1991. The approach used in this research is a qualitative approach with descriptive type. Taking informants using purposive sampling with a total of 7 informants, 1 Jorong Pasar Muara and 6 nelayn Jorong Pasar Muara. There are two types of data in this study, namely primary data and secondary data. This research data was collected using observation, interview and document study techniques. Data analysis uses miles and huberman thinking by collecting data, reducing data, presenting data and drawing conclusions using the unit of analysis of this research is individual. The results showed that work as a fisherman became the main job of the Muara Market Jorong household, fishing laborers continued to work so that they could meet the household economy. Besides that, the strategy used by fishing laborers there are 2 strategies, the first is a survival strategy and the second is an accumulation strategy, the form of survival strategy used by Muara Market Jorong households is that the wife participates in helping the husband in working such as selling dried fish in the market and the form of accumulation strategy used by Muara market jorong households is to utilize existing social networks such as borrowing money to cooperatives.
Cannibalism by Asiatic Black Bear () in the Sikhote-Alin (Russian Far East)
Authors:   Pacific Geographical Institute FEB RAS, Seryodkin I. V. , Ogurtsov S. S. ,   Tsentralno-Lesnoi State Nature Biosphere Reserve, Yamazaki K. ,   Tokyo University of Agriculture, Goto Y. ,   Ibaraki Nature Museum, Miquelle D. ,   Wildlife Conservation Society
Published: April 2023

Cannibalism is widespread among bears and is most common among brown bears (Ursus arctus) and polar bears (U. maritimus). However, it is rarely recorded for the Asiatic black bears (U. thibetanus). Previously several cases of cannibalism by Asiatic black bears were described in Sikhote-Alin (Russian Far East) and Japan. Our report describes two cases in which GPS-collared (Vectronic Aerospace GPS Plus-2 Collar) male Asiatic black bears consumed the remains of another same species bears in the Sikhote-Alin in 2017. Satellite telemetry allowed us to monitor utilization of prey by bears. In the first case, the adult GPS-collared male killed and ate a female and a first-year cub in the Sikhote-Alin Nature Reserve. At the kill site, we observed signs of female fight with the male. During the feeding on carcass male dragged it several times. For 12 days (June 26 – July 8), the bear completely ate the bear cub and utilized the female by 80%. In the second case, another GPS-collared adult male Asiatic black bear was feeding on Asiatic black bear for four days (July 1– 5) near the Sikhote-Alin Reserve. The causes of death of the eaten bear were unknown. It was not possible to determine the sex and age of the eaten bear, because it was almost completely utilized. The observations presented in this report supplement the data of intraspecific interaction between the Asiatic black bears.
Customization mode in foreign language learning
Authors: Laptinova Y.
Published: April 2023

The article deals with the issue of accommodating individual differences among learners of English as a foreign language in the same classroom. It is widely acknowledged that there are many problematic issues when it comes to teaching learners with the same learning objectives but different abilities, interests, prior knowledge, learning styles, motivation, etc. There is a lot of research on how to instruct students with a completely different range of learning preferences. A widely held view is that a teacher working in a heterogeneous class should differentiate instruction across content, process, and product within whole-class interaction, group work, team project, and pair work. The article has offered one suggestion related to the implementation of a differentiated instruction strategy in heterogeneous classes. It is a customization mode as a self-regulated learning strategy that calls for the learner’s ability and readiness to actively tailor learning according to individual specifications. With differentiation, teachers differentiate how students learn, while with customization, students customize their learning so that it best suits their requirements and capabilities. In practice, customization mode means providing students with optional tasks and adjustable activities to choose from assignments or lesson plans prescribed by the curriculum. In this paper, the author provides practical examples of affordable strategies to implement customization modes in academic settings.

The article presents findings from a qualitative study investigating students' learning autonomy within a regular course of English for Academic Purposes at Kharkiv I. P. Kotlyarevsky National University of Arts as well as the author's reflection on her own teaching experience. Findings indicate that the customization mode leads to greater success in the academic performance of foreign language learners since it 1) promotes autonomy in learning by motivating students to make decisions about their learning; 2) keeps learners satisfied and elevated by allowing them the freedom to experiment; 3) establishes positive attitude to learning by caring about individual differences; 4) supports uniqueness by enabling learners to express their own identity and bring multiple insights into a classroom.

The paper tries to put some recommendations together for further consideration while designing a learner-autonomous English for Academic Purposes syllabus.
The peculiarities of formation of ukrainian-language communicative competence of foreign students
Authors: Matsiuk H.
Published: April 2023

The article deals with the peculiarities of learning the Ukrainian language by foreign applicants for higher education. Based on the personal practice, analysis, and generalization of scientific sources, the author outlines the peculiarities of the formation of Ukrainian-language competence of foreign students. The emphasis is placed on the formation of their communication skills as a necessary component of learning a foreign language.

The author characterizes the content of the concept of “Ukrainian-language communicative competence” in terms of teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language. This concept is defined as establishing and maintaining the necessary contacts in the Ukrainian-speaking environment based on knowledge, skills, and abilities possessed by foreign communicators, taking into account the content, needs, motives and social norms of behavior in a particular situation.

It is very important to engage a language class in communication situations, which allows the students to remember the vocabulary and grammar of the Ukrainian language better. This can be achieved by using various forms of organization of foreign students’ education.

The article presents a system of communicatively oriented tasks and exercises for the formation and improvement of communicative competence of foreign students. The system of exercises is aimed at gaining knowledge and skills in the main types of speech activities, which are implemented in both written and oral forms.

The communicative situations offered in the study of Ukrainian as a foreign language should reproduce the speech process in real life, which will encourage foreign students to communicate.

The author argues that repeating similar phrases in the same type answers is a useful method as this allows students to improve their language, quickly choose the right words, word combinations, and whole constructions.

Prospects for further research are to improve and develop a system of tasks and exercises for the development and improvement of all types of speech activities of foreign students.
Formation and development of the language training methodology for foreign students at classical universities. Part 2. Teaching students of language specialties
Authors: Ushakova N. , Trostynska O. , Kushnir I.
Published: April 2023

The article continues the series of scientific and methodological studies on the formation and development of the language training methodology for foreign students at classical universities. In the first part of the research, published last year, the authors analyzed the development of language training conceptual foundations for foreign students of different specialties, as well as history, principles, and features of language education of foreign students of non-philological specialties by the example of the Language Training Department 1 of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. For this group of students, a foreign language is primarily a means of learning and mastering their future specialty. For foreign students of philological specialties, a language is not only a means but also a study goal that involves, besides language proficiency, knowledge of its phonetic, grammatical and lexical structure, mastering various stylistic means, knowledge of modern linguistic concepts, and familiarity with foreign language fiction. The article presents an analysis of the development of scientific and methodological principles for training foreign philological students and illustrates the main directions of their practical implementation by the Language Training Department 1 of the Institute of International Education for Study and Research of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University.

There was applied a systematic analysis of scientific achievements regarding the teaching of future philologists and its methodological implementation. The authors studied the directions of scientific research and the aspects of educational and methodological activities developed for the implementation of the professionally oriented teaching within non-native sociocultural and educational environments. The result of the systemic analysis is an overview of dissertations in philology, methodological research dedicated to future philologists, specialists in language, literature, and translation as well as teaching aids and textbooks for the above-mentioned group.

The authors based their research on the concept of foreign students’ language education and the structure of the modern educational paradigm presented in the previous article of the series. The article examines the influence of the competence approach on the creation of curricula and syllabi for foreign philological students of the first and second levels of higher education and on the way of developing all components of students’ communicative competence.
Inheritance of spike color in einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum L.)
Authors: Fu Hao
Published: April 2023

Aim: specify the spike color inheritance in einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum L.) hybrids. Methods: reciprocal hybrids between the black-spikeed UA0300282 and white-spikeed UA0300311 cultivated einkorn accessions were created with the use of the “single cross” method. Four generations were analyzed using the segregation analysis method: P1, P2, F1, and F2 at autumn and spring sowing. Results: it was found that for the combination UA0300311 × UA0300282 at autumn sowing, the most suitable inheritance model is MX2-EA-AD, which implies the presence of two main genes with an equal additive effect plus polygene systems with an additive-dominant effect. In the plants of spring sowing, spike color is described by the MX2-CD-AD model, which suggests the presence of two major genes with full dominant effect plus polygenes with additive-dominant effect. In the reciprocal combination UA0300282 × UA0300311, the optimal model that describes best the spike color dispersion in plants of autumn sowing is MX2-ADI-AD, which suggests the presence of two main genes with an additive-dominant-epistatic effect plus polygenes with the additive-dominant effect. Distribution of the spring-sowing plants in terms of the spike color is well described by the MX2-ADI-ADI model – two main genes with an additive-dominant-epistatic effect plus a system of polygenes also with an additive-dominant-epistatic effect. The genes manifest themselves differently in the trait control depending on the weather conditions determined by the sowing time. In the group of direct combination plants (UA0300311 × UA0300282) of autumn sowing, heritability determined by the main gene is 97%, while that determined by polygenes is 2.7%; at spring sowing, these values are 67% and 32% respectively. In the reciprocal combination (UA0300282 × UA0300311) of autumn sowing, the main genes heritability effect is 99%, and the polygenic system accounts for 1%; in plants of spring sowing, respectively, 72%, and 28%. Conclusions: on the basis of the spike color expressiveness in the crossing combination of the einkorn kinds of wheat UA0300311 × UA0300282, the parental forms differ in two main genes and polygenes. The ratio of spike color heritability components depends on the growing conditions: at autumn sowing, 97–99 % of heritability is determined by the main genes, the polygenes account for 1–3 % of phenotypic variability; at spring sowing, the heritability component increases to 28–33 % due to the polygenic complex.
Research on the Cultivation Path of Craftsmanship Spirit Among Vocational College Students
Authors: Wang Shang , Zhen Xuesong , Wang Xuelei
Published: April 2023

With the continuous progress of science and technology, the speed of technology iteration in enterprise production line and the demand for comprehensive quality among workers are increasing. Companies not only require their employees to have excellent skills, but also require them to be rigorous and meticulous, possess excellence, and carry out continuous innovation of the craftsman spirit. The talent training goal in vocational colleges is to supply high-quality skilled talents to the society. Vocational colleges have an important duty to cultivate the spirit of craftsmanship in students through multiple paths. Through in-depth analysis of previous research results, we carried out a study on the cultivation path of craftsmanship spirit. The results of this study may provide reference for the development of moral education in vocational colleges.
TAMAN BACA MASYARAKAT (TBM) SAHITYA SEBAGAI UPAYA MEMBANGUN BUDAYA LITERASI DI DESA CANDALI
Authors: Prabowo Muhammad Aras , Hidayani Hidayani , Rahma Defita , Aulia Silvi
Published: April 2023

Taman Baca Masyarakat merupakan pendidikan nonformal sebagai tindak lanjut dari program pemerintah dan pendidikan berkelanjutan dalam memberdayakan masyarakat melalui gerakan literasi. Taman Baca Masyarakat merupakan program membangun desa pendidikan dari Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Indonesia sebagai implementasi dari salah satu Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi yaitu pengabdian kepada masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan pastisipasi aktif, yaitu; (1) Observasi dan Perencanaan (3) Pelaksanaan pendirian TBM dan pelatihan tutor pengelola TBM4) Evaluasi (5) Tindak lanjut. Hasil observasi menemukan banyak anak yang putus sekolah di Desa Candali. TBM sebagai perpustakaan dan pendidikan alternatif dalam memberdayakan masyarakat serta menumbuhkan minat baca masyarakat Desa Candali. Outcome dari program  Pengmas yaitu TBM yang berkelanjutan, diteruskan oleh remaja setempat yang telah dibekali kemampuan dan manajemen dalam mengelola TBM. Tim Pengmas Unusia masih mlakukan memonitoring perkembangan TBM melalui grup Whastapp pengelola.
Cartera Vencida y su Incidencia en el Liquidez de la Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito 15 de Abril LTDA
Authors: Moreira Macías Mariuxy Glorisabel , Intriago Mora Casilda Paquisha
Published: April 2023

El presente artículo científico se desarrolla con la finalidad de analizar la incidencia de la cartera vencida en la liquidez de la Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito 15 de Abril Ltda. Para alcanzar el objetivo planteado, se realizó un análisis financiero a los créditos de corto plazo (comerciales y de consumo) ya que estos son los que afectan la liquidez de la cooperativa y que deben recuperarse en el periodo de un año o menos. Concluyéndose que los créditos otorgados durante los años 2019 y 2020 fueron los microcréditos y créditos de consumo ya que estos son los de mayor otorgamiento por parte de las cooperativas de ahorro y crédito 15 de Abril Ltda, esto se debe a la crisis económica que atraviesa el país y el limitado acceso que existe en la actualidad al campo labora, la morosidad del año 2019 que contempla la cooperativa en los créditos a corto plazo es del 10%, considerándose la gestión de créditos y cobranzas aceptable, sin embargo, el índice de cuentas vencidas sin intereses es bastante alto (58,39%) siendo necesario evaluar la política de créditos sin intereses, mientras que para el año 2020 es de 32,21% el total de la cartera vencida, considerándose esta proporción alta, por lo tanto, debe revisarse y ajustarse la política de créditos, por lo que , se recomienda establecer mecanismos de control interno con el fin de efectuar el seguimiento a los procedimientos requeridos, en pro de promover el cumplimiento y la mejora de las políticas de crédito según el comportamiento crediticio de los clientes.
Gestión del proceso de innovación de las prácticas de enseñanza en instituciones educativas
Authors: Vásquez Zamora Luis Guillermo , Herrera Vinelli Irena Pamela , Cobeña Talledo Rosa Andrea , Peralta Beltrán Alvaro Raúl
Published: April 2023

La educación mundial, a lo largo del tiempo, ha enfrentado diferentes retos que permite su adaptación en busca de estrategias y metodologías facilitadoras de su progreso, así como de la oferta de mejoras educativas. En la actualidad, el sistema de educación se enfrenta a cambios trascendentales, sobre todo con el avance abrumador de la tecnología. Por lo tanto, la innovación educativa debe introducir una serie de nuevos aspectos en las metodologías de enseñanza-aprendizaje que permitan estar a la altura de las demandas mundiales. Para ello es necesario un proceso de gestión, que facilite organizar y sistematizar la forma en que se imparte esta innovación en el proceso de enseñanza. En este sentido, la presente investigación pretende compendiar lo referente a la gestión del proceso de innovación educativa de las prácticas de enseñanza. Desarrollado de la siguiente manera: innovación tecnológica en las prácticas de enseñanza educativa, el docente y la innovación; y la gestión del proceso de innovación en las prácticas de enseñanza educativa. En razón de ello, se decidió que el estudio se adelantara en base a un diseño bibliográfico y una metodología de revisión. El proceso de gestión de innovación de las prácticas de enseñanza debe ser permanente, sistemático y organizado y su propósito consiste en procurar el óptimo proceso de enseñanza – aprendizaje, y esto resulta fundamental en la era actual para que las instituciones posean un sistema educativo de calidad. A pesar de diferir en la forma de estructuración de este proceso, diferentes autores coinciden en que para llevarse a cabo una buena gestión se debe precisar una fase de diagnóstico, planeación, ejecución, seguimiento y evaluación. En este sentido, es necesaria la participación de todos los actores de la institución educativa, entre ellos: directivos, docentes, administrativos, obreros, padres y representantes, vecinos de la institución (comunidad).
The usability of telephone-based telemedicine in primary healthcare: A quantitative evaluation and a hypothesized framework of determinants from the physicians’ perspective in Oman
Authors: Gharbal Ali , Al-Lawati Najla , Al-Sumri Nada , Al-Raisi Shadha
Published: April 2023

Telemedicine has been appreciated as a smart solution to bridge the gaps in the delivery and coverage of healthcare worldwide. With the great impetus to integrate this service into primary healthcare facilities, evaluating its usability should be an ongoing process. This study aimed to quantitatively evaluate the usability of telemedicine from the primary healthcare physicians’ perspective in Oman. The evaluation was conducted using a cross-sectional study design. A self-administered online questionnaire was developed and validated as a scale to evaluate the usability of telemedicine as a safe and useful communication channel and outpatient record. Following a pilot study, the questionnaire was distributed to a sample of primary healthcare physicians who ran telemedicine clinics in Oman during 2020-2022. The questionnaire was completed by 143 primary healthcare physicians from different governorates. The total mean scale and subscale scores were computed. In addition, the frequency distribution of responses to each question was presented. The results showed that the total mean scale score of the usability of telemedicine in our clinics was 3.43/5.00. The subscale scores of the usability of telemedicine as a safe and useful service, the usability of telemedicine as a communication channel, and the usability of telemedicine as an outpatient record were 3.42/5.00, 3.23/5.00, and 3.99/5.00, respectively. In conclusion, the current telemedicine service in Oman’s primary healthcare facilities has some usability features, but there is still much room for improvement. With logical reasoning, a framework of potential determinants was inferred and proposed to improve the usability of telemedicine services in the future and comply with the principles of biomedical ethics.
Limited transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in schools in Ireland during the 2020–2021 school year
Authors: Kelly Ciara , White Philippa , Kennedy Elizabeth , O’Flynn Dearbhail , Colgan Aoife , Ward Mary , O’Sullivan Margaret B , Buckley Claire M , Cosgrove Breda , Canny Melissa , Harkin Katharine , McGuire Fiona , Lynch Catherine , Ryan Aidan , Denyer Sean , Kelleher Kevin , Collins Abigail
Published: April 2023

Background

The role of schools in SARS-CoV-2 transmission has been a debated topic since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Aim

To examine SARS-CoV-2 transmission in all schools in Ireland during the 2020–21 school year.

Methods

In a national descriptive cross-sectional study, we investigated PCR-confirmed cases of COVID-19 among students (aged < 20 years) and staff (aged ≥ 20 years) who attended school during their infectious period to identify school close contacts. SARS-CoV-2 PCR test results of all school close contacts were pooled to obtain an overall positivity rate and to stratify positivity rate by school setting and role (i.e. student or staff).

Results

In total, 100,474 individuals were tested as close contacts in 1,771 schools during the 2020–21 school year. An overall close contact positivity rate of 2.4% was observed across all schools (n = 2,373 secondary cases). The highest positivity rate was seen in special schools (3.4%), followed by primary (2.5%) and post-primary schools (1.8%) (p < 0.001). Of the close contacts identified, 90.5% (n = 90,953) were students and 9.5% (n = 9,521) were staff. Overall, students had a significantly higher positivity rate than staff (2.4% vs 1.8%, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

This study demonstrated that a low level of SARS-CoV-2 transmission occurred in Irish schools during the 2020-21 academic year. In the event of future pandemics, and as the COVID-19 pandemic continues, there is a need to carefully weigh up the harms and benefits associated with disrupted education to mitigate infectious disease transmission before reflexively closing classes or schools.
Die Zeit des Anderen. Geteilte Erinnerung, gestohlene Zukunft, geschenkte Zeit
Authors: Angehrn Emil
Published: April 2023

Die Zeit gehört einem nicht nur selbst, sondern ihre Qualität und Gestalt hängen auch von der Umgebung und vom Handeln anderer ab. »Ihr habt uns unsere Zukunft gestohlen« lautet etwa der Protest der Klimajugend. Inwiefern die Zeit nur unzulänglich begriffen wird, wenn nicht auch die Zeit des Anderen miteinbezogen wird, untersucht Emil Angehrn in seinem luziden Essay. Angehrn geht es in seinem Buch darum, das Rätsel und den Sinn der eigentümlichen, nicht selbstverständlichen Figur der Zeit des Anderen aufzuhellen. Dafür sucht er drei unterschiedliche Verhältnisbestimmungen sowohl für sich wie in ihrer wechselseitigen Verflechtung aufzuklären: zum einen das Verhältnis zwischen der Zeit des Selbst und der Zeit des Anderen, zum anderen die Polarität zwischen positiven und negativen Formen und Wertungen des Zeiterlebens und schließlich die interne Differenzierung der Zeit nach den Dimensionen des Vergangenen, des Gegenwärtigen und des Zukünftigen. Die Überlagerung dieser drei Raster resultiert in einem komplexen Geflecht, in dem die Zeitlichkeit der Existenz unter vielfältigen Aspekten hervortritt. Absicht und Herausforderung seiner Untersuchung ist eine Verständigung über das Wesen und die existentielle Bedeutung der Zeit im menschlichen Leben. Wenn von »gestohlener Zukunft«, »geschenkter Zeit« oder »Verstrickung in eine Familienvergangenheit« die Rede ist, wird deutlich, dass sich die Polarität zwischen der eigenen Zeit und der Zeit des Anderen und die affektive Ambivalenz im Erleben der – aufbauenden und zerstörenden, rettenden und bedrohenden – Zeit in vielfältiger Weise überlagern.
Bir Orwellyen Palimpsest: Nihâd Sîrîs’in Sessizlik ve Gürültü Romanı
Authors: KARASU Kamil
Published: April 2023

Bu makale, Suriyeli roman, kısa hikâye ve tiyatro yazarı Nihâd Sîrîs’in Sessizlik ve Gürültü romanı ile George Orwell’ın Bin Dokuz Yüz Seksen Dört romanını bir palimpsest-metinlerarasılık ilişkisi kurarak ele almaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı, totaliter rejimlerin hükmettiği toplumlara yönelik hegemonya kurma faaliyetlerini, baskı ve şiddet politikalarını politik-distopya türündeki her iki romanın kurgusal örgüsü örnekleminde ortaya koymaktır. Bunun yanı sıra çalışma, içerik bakımından Sessizlik ve Gürültü ile Bin Dokuz Yüz Seksen Dört arasındaki palimpsest ve metinlerarasılık ilişkisini değerlendirirken Bahtin ve Kristeva’nın kuramları ışığında, metin analizi yöntemini kullanmaktadır. Orwell’ın distopya türündeki kült romanı yirminci yüzyılın siyasi ve toplumsal akımlarına, savaşlara, ters yüz edilmiş bir dünyada bireyin varoluş çabasına, işkenceye ve sosyalizm maskeli totaliter diktatörlüklere satirik eleştiri getirir. Benzer şekilde, Sîrîs de romanında başta Arap dünyası olmak üzere çoğu doğu toplumunda tek kişinin tahakkümüne bağlı medya ve söylem kontrolü, baskı, korku ve lideri kutsallaştırma gibi olgulara yönelik eleştirilerde bulunur. Yazar, sessizlik ve gürültü kavramlarının ikiliğiyle, diktatöre karşı en küçük direnişin yol açacağı sonu okuyucusuna derinden hissettirmektedir. Olay örgüsü adı bilinmeyen bir ülkede, yirmi dört saat içinde, ana kahraman Fethi Şiyn’in etrafında gelişmektedir. Romanın geçtiği mekân her ne kadar belirtilmese de Suriye’nin tarihsel arka planı ve bugün içinde bulunduğu süreç edebî kurgunun bir gerçekliği yansıttığına dair güçlü göstergeler sunmaktadır. Arap Baharının ayak sesleri Sessizlik ve Gürültü’de yankılanır.
Lev Tolstoy: Bir Rus yazarın Türk ve Müslüman algısı
Authors: TAŞKESENLİGİL Muhammed
Published: April 2023

Bu çalışmada Rus yazar Lev Nikolayeviç Tolstoy’un İslam’a bakışı, Türk ve Müslüman algısı anlatılmaktadır. Çalışma, yaşamının sonlarına doğru büyük sarsıntılar ve ruhsal bunalımlar geçiren ve bunun sonucu olarak da dünyaya, yaşama, insana bakışında büyük değişiklikler olan Lev Tolstoy’u hedef almaktadır. Tolstoy’un yaşadığı değişimler sanatına ve fikir dünyasına yansımakta; eserlerinde Allah, din, insan, vicdan, yaşam ve ölüm gibi konular sorgulanmaktadır. Çalışmada amaçlanan, kiliseyi ve din adamlarını yazılarında sıklıkla eleştirdiği için Hristiyanlıktan aforoz edilen ve İslam’la ilgili yaptığı araştırmaların neticesinde İslam’ı gerçeğe daha yakın bulan Tolstoy’un fikir ve düşüncelerine yer vermektir. Çalışmamız beş bölümden oluşmaktadır. İlk bölümde; Tolstoy’un sanatı, edebi yönü ve edebi faaliyetleri ele alınmaktadır. İkinci bölümde yazarın dünya edebiyatındaki rolüne faklı edebiyatçıların penceresinden bakılmaktadır. Üçüncü bölümde yazarın ruhsal bunalımları, hayatını kâbusa çeviren sorular ve arayışları gözden geçirilmektedir. Dördüncü bölümde yazarın inancı sorgulanmakta, İsa’nın öğretilerine ters düşen kiliseye başkaldırışı ve bunun sonucu olarak aforoz edilmesi anlatılmaktadır. Çalışmamızın odak noktası olan beşinci bölümde ise yazarın Türklere, Müslümanlara ve İslam’a bakışı; kendi günlüklerinden, mektuplarından, Müslüman fikir adamlarıyla olan yazışmalarından alıntılarla ortaya konulmaktadır. Buna göre Tolstoy, Doğu bilimcilerle tanışmakta ve onların eserleri sayesinde İslam dinini ve İslam Peygamberini tanımaktadır. Farkında olmadan Türklerle ve Müslümanlarla yakınlaşan yazar, diğer dinlerin ve kutsal kitapların zamanla bozulduğunu, ancak İslam dininin ve Kur-an’ın tahrif edilmediğini görmektedir.
Çehov’ un ‘Altıncı Koğuş’ eserinin Türkçe çevirilerinin sözcüksel – içeriksel dönüşüm teorisi üzerinden incelenmesi
Authors: GÜRKAN Esra
Published: April 2023

Dil bilimciler kaliteli bir çeviriyi, kaynak metnin hedef metne çeviri dönüşümü sırasında ne kadar değer kaybettiğiyle ölçümlendirmişlerdir. Burada çevirmene düşen görev; yazarın kaynak metnin okuyucusuna vermek istediği hissiyatı, hedef dil okuyucularına iletebilmektir. Çeviri sırasında kaynak dil ve hedef dil arasında hem biçimsel hem de içerik, yani anlamsal bir dönüşüm söz konusudur. Bazı durumlarda hedef dilde kaynak dilin sahip olduğu sözcüksel anlamdaki ifadeyi verebilecek bir sözcük bulunmayabilir. Böyle zamanlarda da kaynak metnin içeriğine başvurmak gerekebilecektir. Bu tür çevirilerde de Dönüşüm (transformasyon) Teorisi devreye girmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Anton Pavloviç Çehov’un “Altıncı Koğuş’ (Palata N:6) adlı eseri incelenmektedir. Eserin orjinali temel alınıp Türkçe’ ye yapılan üç çevirisi göz önünde bulundurulmak suretiyle sözcüksel dönüşüm teorisi çatısı altında karşılaştırmalı olarak irdelenmektedir. Bu kapsamda, Çehov’un Türkçe’ ye çevrilen eserlerinden Mehmet Özgül’ün 1996 yılında, Yulva Muhurcişi’nin 2017’de ve Uğur Büke’nin 2022 yılında yayımlanan çevirileri karşılaştırmalı olarak analiz edilerek, sözcüksel-içeriksel dönüşüm teorisinin çeviriler üzerinde uygulanabilirliği incelenmiştir.