bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variations in Luminosity, Temperature and Osmotic Potential Affect the Eragrostis plana Germination
Authors: Maldaner Joseila , Steffen Gerusa Pauli Kist , Missio Evandro Luiz , Saldanha Cleber Witt , Silveira Moro Tamires , Conterato Fátima Ionara , Flores Rejane , de Morais Rosana Matos
Published: May 2019

One of the exotic invasive species of greatest impact on the Pampa biome is lovegrass (Eragrostis plana Nees). This species, native of southwest Africa, was accidentally introduced in Brazil in the 1950s and has since become a troublesome weed of natural pasture, due to its high spreading power. In order to assess lovegrass seeds behavior against different potentially stressful factors, we evaluated wide ranges of luminosity, temperature and osmotic potential on E. plana germination. After exposure to treatments, vigor and seed germination were analyzed through the following: germination speed index (GSI), first count and accumulated germination. All evaluated variables influenced E. plana germination, suggesting a relative susceptibility to environmental factors such as light, temperature, and water availability, with respect to in vitro germination. This information can be used as an aid to planning future strategies to control the spread of this invasive grass.
Strength and hardness of post-weld heat-treated thick section 7075 Al alloy friction stir welds
Authors: Ramakrishna Thadivaka , Rao Silaparasetti Srinivasa , Naidu Gurugubelli Swami
Published: May 2019

In this work, 10 mm thick AA7075-T651 aluminum alloy plates were friction stir welded. The welds were heat-treated using two different heat treatment techniques. Firstly, a special solutionizing method called cyclic solution treatment (CST), involving a repeated heating between 400 and 480 °C for 15 minutes and water quenching. Secondly, CST followed by artificial aging at 130 °C for 24 h. The effect of CST and artificial aging on the mechanical behavior of the welds was studied by dint of hardness, tensile, and impact tests. Weld microstructures were examined by optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). CST enhances hardness across the joint and homogenizes the hardness distribution while marginally improving the yield strength of the weld. CST followed by aging at 130 °C for 24 h was found to result in a significant improvement in the hardness and yield strength of the welded joint. Grain size in the weld nugget is not considerably altered after heat treatment. TEM studies revealed that a partial dissolution of coarse precipitates (MgZn2) and the formation of metastable (MgAlCu) precipitates take place in the weld nugget after CST. In addition, CST followed by artificial aging causes a uniform distribution of stable MgAlCu precipitates in the weld nugget, which thus seems responsible for the enhancement in hardness and strength of the joint.
Performance test to evaluate the corrosion resistance of stainless steel in concrete
Authors: Keßler Sylvia , Ziehensack Elke , Gehlen Christoph
Published: May 2019

Stainless steel is a possible measure for increasing the service life of reinforced concrete structures exposed to chlorides. For the prediction of service life it is crucial to quantify the corrosion resistance of the material used by determining the chloride threshold at the steel concrete interface inducing corrosion at the rebar. However, currently the corrosion resistance of stainless steel is expressed by its pitting resistance equivalent number (PREN) which considers only the content of chromium, molybdenum and nickel along with certain factors. The higher the PREN-value, the more corrosion resistant the steel. But this PREN-value cannot be transferred into a chloride threshold concentration. Therefore, this paper presents a test method, the so called “ECISS”-test (ECISS = European Commission for International Steel Standardization), which enables the evaluation of the chloride threshold of stainless steel. The focus is on the performance of this test with respect to its limits and opportunities. Test results of different types of stainless steels are included and discussed. The benefit of stainless steel with respect to the service life of reinforced concrete structures is highlighted.
Rectal and Bladder Dose Measurements in the Intracavitary Applications of Cervical Cancer Treatment with HDR Afterloading System: Comparison of TPS Data with MOSFET Detector
Authors: Singh N , Ahamed Sh , Sinha A , Srivastava Sh , Painuly N K , Mandal A , Prasad S N
Published: May 2019

Background: Intracavitary brachytherapy plays a major role in management of cervical carcinoma. Assessment of dose received by OAR’s therefore becomes crucial for the estimation of radiation toxicities in high dose rate brachytherapy.Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of in vivo dosimetry in HDR brachytherapy and to compare the actual doses delivered to OAR’s with those calculated during treatment planning.Materials and Methods: A total of 50 patients were treated with Microselectron HDR. Out of 50 patients, 26 were treated with a dose of 7 Gy and 24 with a dose of 9 Gy, prescribed to point A. Brachytherapy planning and evaluation of dose to the bladder and rectum was done on TPS & in vivo dosimetry was performed using portable MOSFET.Results: The calibration factors calculated for both the dosimeters are almost equal and are 0.984 cGy/mV and 1.0895 cGy/mV. For bladder, dose deviation was found to be within +/- 5% in 28 patients, +/- 5-10% in 14 patients, +/- 10-15% in 4 patients. The deviation between the TPS-calculated dose and the dose measured by MOSFET for rectum was within +/- 5% in 31 patients, +/- 5–10% in 8 patients, and +/- 10–15% in 7 patients.Conclusion: TPS calculated doses were slightly higher than that measured by MOSFET. The use of a small size of MOSFET dosimeter is an efficient method for accurately measuring doses in high-dose gradient fields typically seen in brachytherapy. Therefore, to reduce risk of large errors in the dose delivery, in vivo dosimetry can be done in addition to TPS computations.
Tourist Strengthening of the Plan of Development and Territorial Ordering for the Parish San Antonio of the Aradas of the canton Quilanga, province of Loja
Authors: Sanchez Ruiz Jefferson , Calle Ruiz Alejandro , Larrea Silva Jhohana , Quito Cabrera Rosa
Published: May 2019

IntroductionThe tourist strengthening of the plan of development and territorial ordering, is an initiative that is developed with the purpose of contributing to the effective progress of the tourist activity in a sustainable and sustainable way where the territory is planned for the purpose of the progress and development of small communities. ObjectiveTo strengthen the development and territorial planning plan for the San Antonio de las Aradas parish, Quilanga canton, province of Loja, through the development of proposals and strategies based on the study of the tourism component. The materials and methods, participatory methodology with the authorities of the parish as well, actors involved in the tourism activity and community in general, likewise a bibliometric research of scientific articles in Scielo magazines, Latindex and documents related to sustainable development and baking was developed of the territories.Resultsstrategies aimed at good planning and good use of existing natural and cultural attractions Conclusions Tourism strengthening is a key tool to boost tourism within the parish, based on social, cultural, economic, and environmental balance
State and perspectives mineral and raw materials base of uranium ore of Ukraine
Authors: Lysenko O. A. , Bakarzhyiev A. Kh.
Published: May 2019

The state of the created uranium raw material base, which is the basis of nuclear energy of Ukraine, is characterized. The structure of reserves and resources of uranium ores of domestic objects is analyzed. The state balance accounts for 17 deposits, most of which are represented by low-yield albite-type ores. The level of industrial development of explored uranium-containing objects is considered. At present, the mining industry exploits 4 objects of uranium-sodium formations, which provide only a share of the state’s nuclear power needs. National plans and programs foresee an increase in annual extraction of uranium ores to 3520 thousand tons. Such pace of explored stocks will last for at least 50 years. To expand and strengthen the mineral-raw material base and to achieve the energy independence of the country, it is necessary to replenish it with rich highly profitable ores, the prerequisites of which detection are available within certain promising areas. Provided data on mineral resources and production of uranium in other countries. Ukraine’s place in the world’s balance is shown.
About the necessity to organize the undeveloped ground water deposits
Authors: Lyutyi G. G. , Lyuta N. G. , Sanina I. V.
Published: May 2019

The article considers the issue of streamlining of groundwater operational reserves in the State Ba­lance of Minerals of Ukraine, taking into account their development. It was proposed to create within the State balance of mineral deposits of Ukraine a separate reserve of groundwater deposits that had not been developed for 10 years after they were approved. This reserve should also include groundwater reserves, which were tested by decisions of the Scientific and Technical Councils of industrial geological enterprises of the Ministry of Geology of the Ukrainian SSR and its successors, as well as those reserves, the use of which is not planned as a result of revaluations due to a decrease in water users’ needs. 

The proposed changes in the approaches to the removal from the inventory of groundwater reserves of deposits that have not been commissioned for a long time and their further use is impossible as a result of the construction of buildings jf the territory of deposits, their destruction or pollution of groundwater.
Ecological consequences atomic explosion chamber flooding of mine “Yuncom” (Central Donbas)
Authors: Yakovlev Ye. O. , Yermakov V. M. , Ulytskyi O. A.
Published: May 2019

Authors analyzed of ecological hydrogeological conditions of coal mine Yuncom underground nuclear blast chamber flooding and possible risk of the ground and surface water contamination.An analysis of the compatible graphs of semi-logarithmic dependences lg S0/St) of the time observation of the levels rise in the mines of the NTGS according to the analytical model that was developed on the example of flooding of the Stakhanov group of mines indicates their hydrodynamic analogy and the possibility of separation of three principal phases of the hydraulically-filtration process of the Donbas mines flooding:1 ) initial accelerated rise of the level is mainly connected with decrease in volume of the peripheral part of the depression due to reduced volume of mining operations and the prevailing movement of underground flow in its deep permeable part; time extension up to 3–4 months;2) predominance in the lithologic composition of coal-bearing rocks of the weakly permeable sandy-clay rocks (up to 70–80 % of total capacity) with increased sorption capacity increases the waterproofing capacity of the rock mass in conditions of further deformation and its full water saturation during flooding of the mine.3) For the zone of the “Klivazh” object influence is characterized by the limitation (in the current conditions of incomplete water saturation) migration of radioactive explosion products due to their predominant concentration in the difficult soluble formations of the explosive chamber and the influence of coal-bearing, weakly permeable rocks sorption.Main hazards of these processes are connected with stohastic parameters of mine water movement and dangerous toxic contaminants migration into fresh water aquifers (zone of active water exchange) and surface water objects.Modern system of ground water movement during regional coal mines flooding within Central Donbas has a complex hydraulic-filtration structure that is why this situation demands of the new calculative models elaboration.
Sachs, Jeffrey D.: A New Foreign Policy: Beyond American Exceptionalism.
Authors: Bula Michal
Published: May 2019

The American Century began in 1941 and ended on January 20, 2017. Whilethe United States remains a military giant and is still an economicpowerhouse, it no longer dominates the world economy or geopolitics as itonce did. The current turn toward nationalism and “America first”unilateralism in foreign policy will not make America great. Instead, itrepresents the abdication of our responsibilities in the face of severeenvironmental threats, political upheaval, mass migration, and other globalchallenges.In this incisive and forceful book, Jeffrey D. Sachs provides the blueprint fora new foreign policy that embraces global cooperation, international law,and aspirations for worldwide prosperity―not nationalism and gauzydreams of past glory. He argues that America’s approach to the world mustshift from military might and wars of choice to a commitment to sharedobjectives of sustainable development. Our pursuit of primacy hasembroiled us in unwise and unwinnable wars, and it is time to shift frommaking war to making peace and time to embrace the opportunities thatinternational cooperation offers. A New Foreign Policy explores both thedanger of the “America first” mindset and the possibilities for a new wayforward, proposing timely and achievable plans to foster global economicgrowth, reconfigure the United Nations for the twenty-first century, andbuild a multipolar world that is prosperous, peaceful, fair, and resilient.
“We Really Have to Hit Them Where It Hurts”: Analyzing Activists’ Corporate Campaigns
Authors: Woods Chelsea
Published: May 2019

Despite a surge in activism efforts directed at corporations, extant research largely overlooks how activist organizations craft and implement their campaigns. To address this gap, this article applies issues management to examine the process used by activist organizations to pressure target corporations into altering practices and policies that they perceive to be problematic. Using a qualitative approach, this study draws from interviews with 21 activist practitioners, which are supplemented by organizational documents and news articles. This study introduces the Corporate Pressure Process Model, which depicts and describes the various phases of activists’ corporate campaigns, including how these groups determine what threat is most appropriate and select coordinating tactics. Based on the findings, this article also outlines implications for activist organizations and their target corporations.
The Framing of Adoption: A Content Analysis of Print News Coverage 2014-2016
Authors: Morton Cynthia , Shelton Summer
Published: May 2019

A qualitative content analysis method was applied to explore the frames associated with child adoption news coverage over a three-year period. The research questions examined the frame themes represented in print news stories about adoption and their prominence. An analysis of national print news publications found that child adoption coverage leaned toward regulatory and policy frames and frames about the child welfare industry. Absent from print news frames were themes that focused on the humanity of adoption, whether from the perspective of individuals and couples considering adoption or of children either waiting to be adopted or who were adopted successfully. The skew toward a small subset of themes on such a complex issue has implications for adopters and adoptees and the stigmas perpetuated across society.
Electronic Cigarette Companies’ Twitter Messages: Public Interest (Mis)communication
Authors: Kim Joon Kyoung , Pardun Carol J. , Overton Holly
Published: May 2019

Despite increased controversies over the health effects of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), little is known about how the public interest issue has been discussed by e-cigarette companies on social media. Using arguments from the theory of planned behavior as a guide, this study examines how e-cigarette companies engage with potential customers on Twitter. Using quantitative content analysis, this study examined 525 tweets from the top five e-cigarette companies that occurred between July 9, 2016, and September 9, 2016, one month before and after the U.S Food and Drug Administration implemented a new regulation limiting sales and distribution of tobacco products to minors. Results indicate that the deeming did not affect e-cigarette companies’ message strategies on Twitter. Theoretical and practical applications for public interest communications are discussed.
TO FIND OUT THE SPECTRUM OF CONGENITAL AND ACQUIRED HEART DISEASE AT TERTIARY CARE CENTRE OF WESTERN RAJASTHAN
Authors: Sahu Dr. Yatendra Kumar , Soni Dr. J. P. , Rathore Dr. Pradeep Singh , Choudhary Dr. Sandeep
Published: May 2019

Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity in the pediatric population of both the developing and developed countries.

Objective: To find the prevalence and pattern of CHD in a tertiary care centre of Western Rajasthan

Methods: A descriptive type of study conducted during the period of January 2017 to December 2018, a total of 163842 patients sought medical help in pediatric department of Dr SN Medical college hospital. All data were analyzed by SPSS-software.

Results: The prevalence of heart disease was 0.89% in our study. The prevalence of congenital heart disease (CHD) was 0.84% and acquired heart disease was 0.05% in this study.

Conclusion: Prevalence of heart disease was 0.89% among the hospital attending patients could be an underestimation of the actual disease burden in our community. Increased awareness regarding cardiac diseases reduces the mortality and morbidity associated with these ailments.

Keywords: Children, congenital-heart disease, echocardiography, prevalence
ROLE OF CT SCAN IN DIAGNOSIS OF ACUTE APPENDICITIS
Authors: . Saurabh , Meena Deepak , Meena G. L.
Published: May 2019

Background: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the spiral-CT in patients with clinically suspected acute appendicitis.

Methods: Appendiceal spiral-CT was performed in 50 patients (21 women and 29 men) with clinically suspected acute appendicitis. Scans were obtained from the L4 level to the symphysis pubis using 5 mm collimation without i.v., oral, or rectal contrast material. Prospective diagnoses based on CT findings were compared with histopathological results

Results: In our study appendix diameter test sensitivity was 97.56%, specificity was 77.78 %, positive predictive value was 95.27%, negative predictive value was 87.50% and diagnostic accuracy was 94.00%.

Conclusion: The accuracy of computed tomography in diagnosing acute appendicitis was high. The results emphasize the role of computed tomography as an accurate modality in daily routine diagnostics for acute appendicitis in all clinical emergency settings.

Key words: Appendicitis, CT scan, Accuracy.
Texture Feature Extraction for Batik Images Using GLCM and GLRLM with Neural Network Classification
Authors: Chandraprabha K. , Akila S.
Published: May 2019

Batik has a vast variety of motifs and colors. Aside from its popularity as being part of Indonesian culture, it has become the source of Indonesia’s income. Batik was more promising in the past years for the business opportunities. Batik has economic and high export value as the commodity. Batik has become the main part of national culture; however there is a lack of understanding for many people, as they are still unaware about batik motifs and patterns. Therefore, it is needed for building a model to identify batik motifs. This study aims to combine the features of texture and the feature of shapes’ ornament in batik to classify images using artificial neural networks. The value of texture features of images in batik is extracted using gray level co-occurrence matrices (GLCM) which include Contrast, Correlation, Homogeneity and Energy. And include the Gray level Run length matrices (GLRLM) which includes Gray Level Non-Uniformity (GLN), Long Run Emphasis (LRE), Short Run Emphasis (SRE), Run Percentage (RP). At this phase of the training and testing, we compare the value of a classification accuracy of neural networks in each class in batik with their texture features, and the combination of GLCM and GLRLM. From the three features used in the classification of batik image with artificial neural networks it includes Probabilistic Neural network, it was obtained that GLCM feature has the lowest accuracy rate of 78% and the combination of GLCM and GLRLM features produces a greater value of accuracy by 84%. The results obtained in this study indicate that there is an increase in accuracy of batik image classification using the probabilistic neural network with the combination of GLCM and GLRLM features in batik image.
Dynamics analysis of a single cylinder hermetic reciprocating compressor
Authors: Rangel SC , Navarro HA , Cabezas-Gómes Luben
Published: May 2019

This paper describes a dynamic modelling of a hermetic compressor pump. The pump suspension system stiffness matrix is calculated with the suspension springs, taking into account the compressive, flexural and shearing rigidities of the springs. The model allows computing the dynamic, normalized modal, and characteristic frequency matrices, and also the displacement vector of the pump and the overall kinetic and elastic potential energies of the system due to shaking forces. The results include the dynamic behavior of a compressor pump showing time history displacements, rotations and resonance frequencies for a baseline configuration. It is also show the influence of the spring stiffness and positions, through parametric and optimization analyses.
Development of a microclimatic monitoring station for precision agriculture with long distances wireless communication system
Authors: Lautert JCM , Santos RJ , Drigo Evandro , Del Monaco Adriana
Published: May 2019

In the scene of new technology for Smart Farming it is important to develop a low cost station that can be monitored remotely. This would make it easier for farmers to monitor different stations (within a radius of up to 15 km). In addition, the use of several wireless monitoring stations is considered advantageous because it generates a decrease in the amount of water used, avoiding waste due to the connection of the irrigation pivots without the real need. In addition, it also generates energy savings, saving resources in general. The main applications are in precision farming, for example, in control of irrigation pivots in large-scale crops, such as wheat and soybean plantations. This project developed a micro controlled system for radio frequency wireless communication (LoRa), since these plantations are generally not located in places with access to the electric and cellular networks. The main functions are to monitor temperature and humidity, soil and air, as well as to know the location (GPS) of each station, to feed microclimatic databases that allow the control of irrigation system and better planning of the use of pesticides.
Selection of a leading edge noise prediction method for PNoise
Authors: Faria AM , Pimenta MM , Saab Jr. JY , Rodriguez S
Published: May 2019

Wind energy expansion is worldwide followed by various limitations, i.e. land availability, the NIMBY (not in my backyard) attitude, interference on birds migration routes and so on. This undeniable expansion is pushing wind farms near populated areas throughout the years, where noise regulation is more stringent. That demands solutions for the wind turbine (WT) industry, in order to produce quieter WT units. Focusing in the subject of airfoil noise prediction, it can help the assessment and design of quieter wind turbine blades. Considering the airfoil noise as a composition of many sound sources, and in light of the fact that the main noise production mechanisms are the airfoil self-noise and the turbulent inflow (TI) noise, this work is concentrated on the latter. TI noise is classified as an interaction noise, produced by the turbulent inflow, incident on the airfoil leading edge (LE). Theoretical and semi-empirical methods for the TI noise prediction are already available, based on Amiet’s broadband noise theory. Analysis of many TI noise prediction methods is provided by this work in the literature review, as well as the turbulence energy spectrum modeling. This is then followed by comparison of the most reliable TI noise methodologies, qualitatively and quantitatively, with the error estimation, compared to the Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings solution for computational aeroacoustics. Basis for integration of airfoil inflow noise prediction into a wind turbine noise prediction code is the final goal of this work.
Case report: Auxiliary device for recreational use in a child with upper limb malformation, made by additive manufacture (3D printing)
Authors: Del Monaco Adriana , Drigo Evandro , Lautert JCM , Margarido SS , Miyashiro TY
Published: May 2019

Patients with a deficiency in any member of body have difficulties in day-to-day activities, such as practicing recreational physical activities and, in case of children, play. Therefore, the aim of this project was to create a low cost and water resistant device that would help children with disabilities of the upper limb to have greater freedom and comfort when it comes to playing. Another important point, with customization that refers to characters of movies and comics, is to promote a significant improvement in self-esteem and in the relationship with other children, especially in school environment, reducing bulling and shame episodes. For this, a prototype mechanical device was created by additive manufacture (3D printing), customized with characteristics of "Iron Man" character of Marvel®.
Determinação do teor de cristalinidade por análise de DRX e DSC de compósito de polipropileno com diatomita
Authors: Lazareti C , Tavella AA
Published: May 2019

O objetivo do trabalho foi de desenvolver um material compósito de polipropileno (PP) com a adição de terra diatomácea, também definida como diatomita, com concentrações de 5% e 15% em massa e medir o teor de cristalinidade do mesmo por meio das técnicas de DRX e DSC. Com estas formulações, buscou-se investigar o compósito no aspecto de propriedades estruturais, físicas, químicas e térmicas em relação ao polímero em sua forma natural. A diatomita em sua forma predominantemente amorfa natural, apresenta composição química majoritariamente SiO2. Quando calcinada, em temperatura superior a 1000ºC, a diatomita se cristaliza formando primeiramente uma fase de quartzo que tem estrutura hexagonal e conforme avança o tempo e temperatura, cristaliza-se em cristobalita que tem estrutura cúbica. A incorporação ao polipropileno se deu por meio de uma extrusora de dupla rosca para uma homogeneização mais concisa. Injetou-se os corpos de prova que foram submetidos a ensaios físicos, químicos e estruturais. Foram realizados os ensaios de difração de raios X (DRX), espectrometria de infravermelho por transformada de Fourier (FT-IR), calorimetria diferencial exploratória (DSC) e tamanho de partículas. Foram evidenciadas as fases mineralógicas no polímero, verificação de dimensões micrométricas das partículas de diatomita bem como a influência na cristalinidade do compósito.
Radiological screening for neurocysticercosis in asymptomatic siblings of children with neurocysticercosis: An observational cohort study
Authors: Aulakh Roosy , Kochhar Suman
Published: May 2019

Introduction: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is the most common helminthic infection of the central nervous system and a leading cause of acquired epilepsy worldwide. Tuberculosis (TB) is transmitted through droplet infection to index pediatric case from only sputum acid-fast bacilli -positive patients while NCC in an index child can result from fecal–oral route from other family members who are Taenia carriers or through autoinfection as well. Objective: Similar to universal practice of TB screening of asymptomatic family members with chest X-ray which poses radiation hazard, radiation-free radiological screening by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain of asymptomatic siblings of children with NCC was carried out in the present study in addition to evaluation of family members for taeniasis. Methods: Siblings (between 1 and 18 years of age) of children attending the pediatric NCC clinic at a tertiary care hospital in Chandigarh, India, with clinically suspected and radiologically confirmed the diagnosis of NCC, were enrolled. Contrast-enhanced MRI brain was obtained free of cost to detect the presence of asymptomatic NCC in siblings enrolled in the study. Stool analysis of family members of children with NCC was carried out to detect Taenia solium carriers. Results: Of 39 enrolled asymptomatic siblings, 4 (10.3%) children were detected to have solitary intraparenchymal NCC lesion. Of the aforementioned four siblings, 3 (75%) had viable lesions, while 1 (25%) had calcified lesion. Only 2 (1.7%) of 118 stool samples of family members tested were positive for T. solium eggs. Conclusions: The results from the present study suggest clustering of NCC cases in the family and that majority of children with NCC may continue to remain asymptomatic. Targeted family screening for NCC in asymptomatic family members of children with NCC may prove more cost effective than routine mass screening. Based on the results of this study, targeted deworming of community food handlers and caution in conducting routine deworming of children are suggested.
Profile of acute childhood poisoning at a tertiary care teaching hospital in North India
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Singh Aaradhana , Aggarwal Anju
Published: May 2019

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the profile and outcome of children under the age of 12 years admitted with acute poisoning at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Delhi. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed case files of all patients <12 years of age admitted with poisoning at pediatric emergency from January 2016 to December 2016. All cases with definite history of poisoning were included in the study. Exclusion criteria included chronic poisonings such as lead poisoning, food poisoning, foreign body ingestion, and homeopathic drug ingestion. Baseline characteristics of patients, type of poison, signs and symptoms of poisoning, investigations, treatment, and outcome were recorded from the case files and analyzed. Results: A total of 91 patients were presented with poisoning during the study period. Almost all cases (n=89, 97.8%) were accidental, only 2.2% (n=2) cases were suicidal, and none was homicidal. The mean age of presentation of these patients was 4.08±3.11 years with males outnumbering females (M: F=1.6:1). Corrosives (n=20, 21.9%), kerosene (n=17, 18.7%), prallethrin (n=11, 12.1%), and drugs (n=7, 7.7%) were the most frequently implicated agents. 11 patients (12.1%) were completely asymptomatic, while 30.7% (n=28) patients developed serious symptoms such as breathing difficulty, altered sensorium, seizures, abnormal speech, hematemesis, nasal bleeding, and hypotonia. Gastric lavage was done in 15 cases, three patients received activated charcoal, and three patients required intubation, and one patient required an emergency tracheostomy. One patient expired and rest all survived. Conclusion: The trends of pediatric poisoning noted in our center were different from those observed in other hospital based studies. Corrosives (particularly acids) being the most common agents. Prallethrin, kerosene, and drugs were other common agents.
Death clustering in India: Levels, trends, and differentials, 1992–2016
Authors: Ranjan Mukesh , Dwivedi Laxmi Kant
Published: May 2019

Background: India and many of its bigger states could not achieve the national goal related with child health based on 4th UN Millennium Development Goal. There is a need to look for different approaches which deal with infant mortality. Literature emphasizes clustering of infant deaths in families has implications on infant mortality. Objective: The present study attempts to examine the levels, trends, and differentials of clustering of infant deaths in families in India using National Family Health Survey (NFHS) dataset and how they changed over the years. Materials and Methods: Study used bivariate analysis and multilevel random effects logit model based intraclass correlation coefficient and median odds ratio to examine the clustering of deaths in families, in India. Results: There has been a consistent decline in both infant mortality rate (IMR) and clustering of infant deaths in families in India between 1992 and 2016. However, the pace of decline was faster after 2005. States such as Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, and Bihar are the major contributors in clustering of infant deaths in families. In Kerala, clustering of infant deaths has been disappeared in families while among relatively more developed states such as Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu have experienced a reduction in clustering of infant deaths in families by an amount of <1%. Conclusion: Between NFHS-3 and NFHS-4 there has been an increase in clustering of infant deaths among mothers with age at first birth >30 years and for mothers who have received higher education. IMR can be reduced to a greater extent if government policies and health resources are directed toward the families experiencing the clustering of infant deaths.
Correlation of lipid profile and anthropometry with aortic intima-media thickness in newborns of diabetic and non-diabetic mothers
Authors: Anjum Syeda Kausar , Devaraj Shiva , H T Yashoda
Published: May 2019

Background: Exposure to diabetes in utero has been established as a significant factor for certain component of the clinical syndrome. Although complications of atherosclerosis occur in adult life, the process begins in early childhood. Hence, measuring aortic intima-media thickness (AIMT) in the newborn is a feasible, accurate, and sensitive marker of atherosclerotic risk. Objective: The objective of the study was to find an association of AIMT with cord blood lipid levels and anthropometric factors. Methods: Babies born to diabetic mothers (gestational diabetes mellitus/type 2 diabetes mellitus (34 weeks–42 weeks) who were taken as one group and babies born to non-diabetic mothers (34 weeks–42 weeks) who were taken as the other group were enrolled in this study. Lipid values were measured of umbilical cord blood, collected immediately after delivery. Atherogenic-indices were calculated; neonatal anthropometric measurements were taken within 24 h after delivery. Abdominal AIMT (aAIMT) was measured within 4 days of delivery using a high-resolution ultrasound B mode by a trained radiologist. Maternal age, parity, height, pre-pregnancy weight, gestational age, and other investigations were taken from maternal records. Results: In this study, birth weight (BW) was positively correlated with triglycerides (TG), cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and atherogenic-indices, whereas, it was negatively correlated with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (p<0.01). A positive correlation was found between aAIMT and BW, abdominal circumference, TG, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, VLDL, and atherogenic-indices (p<0.001). Conclusions: In this study, infants born to diabetic mothers had higher anthropometry, lipid values, aAIMT compared to babies born to non-diabetic mothers without risk factors.
Duration of cord clamping and physiological jaundice in newborn: A case–control study
Authors: Bhoi Samira , Mishra Nihar Ranjan , Rout Sradhananda
Published: May 2019

Introduction: Delayed cord clamping (DCC) in term newborns improves iron stores in infancy, and the most international guidelines now recommend at least 30–60 s of DCC in term and preterm newborns. Objective: The objective of this study was to find out the association between neonatal jaundice (physiological) and duration of cord clamping. Methods: An observational matched case–control study was conducted from June 1, 2017, to May 31, 2018, in the neonatal unit of a tertiary care hospital in Odisha after getting approval from the institutional ethics committee. Of 3367 neonates, 784 were included in the study (392:392)after satisfying the pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. All the relevant data were collected and validated, and the results were analyzed. Fisher exact test was performed to find out the association. For all statistical purpose, p<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: A significant association was found between neonatal jaundice and DCC as evidenced by Chi-square value: 15.62; p=0.0001, relative risk (95% confidence interval [CI]): 1.68 (1.29, 2.18), absolute risk reduction: ?0.12 (?0.18, ?0.06), and number need to treat (95% CI): ?8 (?6, ?17). Conclusion: Neonatal jaundice appears to be more commonlyassociated among babies with DCC.
Hidden hazard in appendix in children: Carcinoid tumors
Authors: Baltrak Yusuf Atakan , Varlikli Onursal
Published: May 2019

Introduction: Carcinoid tumors (CT) are the most common tumors of the appendix. The incidence of CT of the appendix is generally 1–2 in every 1000 appendectomy material. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to discuss the follow-up and treatment of CT of the appendix in the specimen of patients who underwent an appendectomy. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study enrolled the patients who were diagnosed with CT of the appendix as a result of an examination of the appendix specimen after the patients underwent an appendectomy. All the patients, who underwent appendectomy in the pediatric surgery clinic of our hospital between November 2015 and November 2018, were included in the study. Patients’ demographic characteristics, clinical findings, pre-operative laboratory and imaging results, location, diameter and size of the tumor, mesoappendix invasion status, mitotic index and Ki-67 elevation, hospital stay duration, surgical types and complications, and results of laboratory and imaging tests were evaluated. Findings: Eight of the 621 patients (1.2%) who underwent an appendectomy were diagnosed with CT of the appendix. The median age of the patients was 13 years (range, 11–16 years). Of the eight patients, five (62.5%) were female and three (37.5%) were male. All patients presented to our clinic with abdominal pain. No surgical complications were observed during the operation and in the early post-operative period. The mean hospital stay was 2.7 days (2–5 days). In all the patients, the tumor size was <2 cm, the surgical margins were clean, the mitotic index was <2%, the Ki-67 index was below 1%, and the tumor had not spread to the mesoappendix. Only in one of the patients, the CT was located in the appendix radix; in the other seven patients, the tumor was in the middle and end of the appendix. Conclusion: CT of the appendix are clinically similar to acute appendicitis but may be found incidentally during other surgical procedures other than an appendectomy. Diagnosis is made after the pathological specimen diagnosed with CT is histopathologically evaluated. The size, diameter, and depth of the tumor, mesoappendix invasion, mitotic index, and Ki-67 elevation are used in the evaluation and treatment of the tumor.
Pierre Robin sequence in association with tracheoesophageal fistula and esophageal atresia
Authors: Baltrak Yusuf Atakan , Varlikli Onursal
Published: May 2019

The first symptom of esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula is the inability to eat and respiratory distress after feeding. The coexistence of Pierre Robin Sequence (PRS) with esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula is a rare clinical condition. In infants with PRS, evaluation of respiratory and nutritional problems is important. The coexistence of esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula leads to increased nutritional and respiratory problems. Problems that may occur in the airways may occur late. In this case report, we aimed to present a case of neonatal infant with rare esophageal atresia, tracheoesophageal fistula, and PRS.
Behavior in Selecting Muslim Communities in the 2014 Legislative Election in Kapas District, Bojonegoro Regency
Authors: Safitri Retno Ayu
Published: May 2019

This research presents an analysis of the voting behaviour of Moslem people shown by residents of Kapas regency, Bojonegoro in 2014. This research is a descriptive analysis to explain the correlation between 4 variables in determining people’s vote in 2014’s legislative election in Kapas regency. These variables are: legislative party/nominees proposed programme, identification of the party, money politics, and afiliated religious organization. The researcher used quantitative method to collect the data and descriptive analysis in the forms of data distribution and data frequency which were collected using questionnaires. In addition to that, the researcher used Chi Square testing and contingency coefficient to find whether the variables are correlated to each other. There are three general approach to describe the voting behaviour in this research: sociology approach, psychology approach, and rational approach. The majority of theories referred by the researcher were theories by Paul F. Lazarfeld- Bernard Berelson, Angus Campbel, and Anthony Downs. The outcome of this research suggests that two of the aforementioned variables have significant influence in determining voting behaviour: legislative party/nominee proposed programme and money politics. The two other variables which are political party identification and afiliated religious organization are not influential in determining voting behaviour of Kapas’ residents in 2014’s legislative election.
A case of cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome following left paramedian cerebellar tumor
Authors: Jegede Oluwole
Published: May 2019

We report the case of a 49-year-old man who presented to our psychiatric emergency room with acute agitation and disorganized behavior. The patient’s symptoms were an exacerbation of his reported chronic mood disorder concurrent with left paramedian cerebellar mass for which he underwent a surgical resection several years earlier. Associated with his acute psychiatric symptoms were findings of impaired cognition and altered perception. Diagnostic MRI done during index acute presentation revealed evidence of cerebellar mass regrowth. The disorders of cognition, mood and perceptions which involved a concurrent insult to the cerebellum is consistent with the diagnosis of Cerebellar Cognitive Affective Syndrome (CCAS). Our case underscores and strengthens the notion that the cerebellum plays a significant role in cognitive, mood and perceptual disturbances.
Keywords: Cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome, Cerebellum, depression, Cognitive dysfunction, Affective dysregulation.
2° Jornada de Nutrição e Medicina Clí­nica e Esportiva
Authors: Campelo Manasses da Silva , De Lima Uyara Correia , Lemos Licyanne
Published: May 2019

2° Jornada de Nutrição e Medicina Clí­nica e Esportiva4 e 5 de agosto de 2018Recife/PEOrganizaçãoInstituto Integrado de Desenvolvimento em SaúdeManasses da Silva Campelo: secretaria@iids.com.brUyara Correia de Lima: uyaralima@yahoo.com.brLicyanne Lemos: licyannelemos@outlook.com
Precipitating Factors, Clinical Features and Outcome of Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Children in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Yasmin Farzana , Ahmed Md Ashraf Uddin , Morshed ASM , Begum Tahmina , Mohsin Fouzia , Baki MA
Published: May 2019

Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a major complication of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus and is associated with increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Infections, non-compliance and co-morbid states are most important precipitating causes. Proper identification of the precipitating factor is very important in management of DKA. Clinical feature and management of DKA are well known and have been described in many text books and reviews in literature. However, there are a very few published large studies from Bangladesh. For this reason, this study had evaluated fifty children with Diabetic ketoacidosis and to identify their clinical features, precipitating factors and outcome.

Methods: This observational study was done among admitted children with DKA in the deptartment of Paediatrics of Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation for Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM) General Hospital during study period between September 2016 to February 2017.

Results: Fifty children were admitted with Diabetic ketoacidosis. Seventy percent were new diabetes cases and the remaining (30%) were known diabetic patient. Majority (62%) were female. Mean age was 9.31 years with 4.40 standard deviation. Infection was the commonest (62%) precipitating factor followed by insulin omission (10%). Major clinical features were dehydration (100%), polyuria (98%), Kussmaul’s breathing (60%) and abdominal pain (38%). Eighty four percent patients improved after treatment and 16% patient developed complications like acute kidney injury and septicaemia. There was no mortality.

Conclusion: Infection was the commonest precipitating factor of DKA. Kussmaul’s breathing and dehydration were the commonest clinical features. Most of the patients improved after treatment

Birdem Med J 2019; 9(2): 121-126
Serum Zinc Status in Post Menopausal Women Attending in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Ferdous Nadia , Mishu Farzana Akonjee , Shamsunnahar - , Islam Fahmida , Sejooti Shabnam Sarwar
Published: May 2019

Background: Nutritional needs change throughout the various stages of life. While overall caloric needs tend to decrease with age, the requirements for individual micronutrients do not decrease. In fact, the needs for some micronutrients actually increase with age. The risk of nutritional disturbances mainly trace elements deficiencies is high during postmenopause causing or intensifying serious clinical symptoms.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Mymensingh Medical College in collaboration with the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Mymensingh Medical College Hospital during the period from July 2013 to June 2014. A total of 100 subjects were included in this study. Among them 50 apperantly healthy postmenopausal womenaged between 45-70 years were considered as case and another 50 regular menstruating premenopausal women aged between 30-40 years were selected as control.

Results: The mean age of case and control groups was 50.5± 2.3 years and 36.5± 4.4 years respectively. In this study serum zinc levels in cases and controls were 71.54 ± 5.69 ìg /dl and 74.68 ± 5.453 ìg/dl respectively, and there was significant difference(p<0.01).

Conclusion: Serum zinc level was significantly decreased in postmenopausal group in comparison to premenopausal women (p< 0.01). Estimation of serum zinc levels might be incorporated in every postmenopausal for possible prevention of complications.

Birdem Med J 2019; 9(2): 147-150
Bardet Biedl Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Nabi Md Masud Un , Pathan Md Faruque , Barua Milton
Published: May 2019

Bardet Biedl syndrome is a rare heterogenous autosomal recessive disorder. A very few cases were reported in Bangladesh. A 12-year-old boy presented with childhood obesity, polydactyly in all 4 limbs, bilateral gynaecomastia, acanthosisnigricans, night blindness and mental retardation. After hormonal evaluation he was found to have hypogonadotrophichypogonadism, dislipidaemia, renal impairment, elevated liver enzymes and retinitis pigmentosa. We advised him to reduce weight and implemented and weight reducing diet. Levothyroxine and metformin were started. He was scheduled for eye check-up every 3 months and follow up at endocrinology.

Birdem Med J 2019; 9(2): 162-164
Medical Quiz: Single Best Answer (SBA) Vol.9(2)
Authors: Ahmed Jamal Uddin
Published: May 2019

Abstract not available

Birdem Med J 2019; 9(2): 178
Medical Quiz: SBA – Answers Vol 9(2)
Authors: Uddin Khwaja Nazim
Published: May 2019

Abstract not available

Birdem Med J 2019; 9(2): 182