bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kampung Madinah Temboro as Tablighi Jama῾at Sub-Cultural Community: A Socio-Historical Studies
Authors: Badriza Kholili , Wildan Muhammad , Prabowo Thoriq Tri
Published: October 2023

Temboro, Magetan, is a unique village widely known as Kampung Madinah. The nickname comes from the Islamic tradition embedded in villagers’ everyday lives, associated with Medina, the Propeth’s city. Further observations show that their Islamic tradition is distinctive, primarily referring to the community’s affiliation with the transnational Tablighi Jama’at movement. This fact implies that the community has its worldviews, moral values, and lifestyle, which puts them into a sub-cultural community category. This research examines the socio-historical aspect of Kampung Madinah Temboro as Tablighi Jama’at Sub-Cultural Community between 1984 and 2009. Therefore, we employ historical inquiries and social approaches as methods. We discover that: 1) Pesantren al-Fatah and Markaz Temboro play their central roles in forming Kampung Madinah as a subcultural community based on the Tablighi Jama’at ideology; 2) The subcultural indicators appear in how they dress, how they interact, symbols in the environment, the values they hold, and the integration of the Tablighi Jama’at ideology into people’s daily activities; and 3) Both the Pesantren al-Fatah and the Tablighi Jama’at Markaz networks increase the probability of similar subcultural community emerging elsewhere.
Lithological and genetic characteristics of the Upper Triassic Dalnegorsk limestones of the Taukhinsky terrane (Sakharnaya mountain, Sikhote-Alin)
Authors: Punina T. , Malysheva E.
Published: October 2023

Facies associations of Upper Triassic Dalnegorsk limestones of the Taukhinsky terrane (Sakharnaya mountain, Sikhote-Alin) are integrated for the first time in this work. A detailed lithological and genetic description of the organogenic construction of the Sakharnaya Mountain is given. A lithological and paleoecological study of the limestones composing the structure was carried out, lithotypes corresponding to three genetic types were identified: biogenic, biochemogenic and mechanogenic. The sequence of formation of an organogenic structure consisting of four stages was determined: bank, biostrom, biogerm, reef. A detailed description of each stage of development is given. The presented results are of great importance for a better understanding of the development and spread of carbonation accumulation in the Pantalassa Ocean in the Late Triassic. Our research provides new data that can be combined into paleogeographic and geodynamic reconstructions of the Pantalassa Ocean.
Cathodoluminescence of conodont elements
Authors: Zhuravlev Andrey
Published: October 2023

Conodont elements are used as a geochemical archive of seawater. Some compositional features of conodont elements reflect conodont ecology and trophic structure of Palaeozoic pelagic ecosystems. However, the screening of conodont elements prior to geochemical and/or isotopic studies is a real problem. This study evaluates SEM cathodoluminescence (SEM-CL), which is very sensitive to the REE and Mn content of apatite, for the detection of traces of secondary transformation in the composition of conodont bioapatite. The SEM-CL of conodont elements is similar to that of unaltered shark teeth (blue-violet), but differs significantly from that of fossil vertebrate teeth (orange-red). Thermal alteration has little effect on the SEM-CL. Elements with a CAI of 1—1.5 show a redder and more intense CL than elements with a CAI of 5. In the case of corrosion of the conodont element surface in carbonate host rocks, the CL of the outer parts of the conodont element become reddish due to invasion of the carbonate material. Conodont elements from the clay host rock show deep purple SEM-CL. Thus, SEM-CL allows detection of the results of secondary processes in conodont mineralised tissues, including enrichment by REE and/or Mn, corrosion and contamination by carbonate material. This method can be used to screen significantly altered samples prior to chemical and isotopic analyses.
Modelling 210Pb downward transport in a natural peatland of Ilassky swamp massif in the European Subarctic of Russia: IP-CRS model
Authors: Yakovlev E. , Kudriavtseva A. , Orlov A.
Published: October 2023

The paper presents the results of the modelling of the transport of 210Pb down the peat core for the Ilassky natural bog massif. The activities of radionuclides 210Pb and 137Cs were investigated in the core layer by layer. Due to the nonexponential decrease of 210Pb activity, significant errors are possible in determining the age and accumulation rates of peat when applying classical dating models. The article presents 210Pb dating data obtained using the IP-CRS model. Data analysis showed that the vertical distribution of 137Cs and 210Pb is related to peat parameters: ash content and bulk density. The 210Pb dating of the core showed an age of 1963 for a depth of 17—19 cm, which is consistent with the 137Cs data. The dating of this horizon is indirectly confirmed by the data of the ash content and bulk density of peat. The above mentioned confirms the correctness and adequacy of the chosen model of dating of the natural peat bog. The peak of anthropogenic radionuclide content in peat deposits corresponds to 1963, the date of signing the Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, being a reference point for geochronological studies. The results of linear accumulation rate, peat deposit mass accumulation rate and the magnitude of the atmospheric flux of 210Pb presented in the study are in good agreement with the data on peatlands of Northern Europe and the European Subarctic of Russia.
PENGARUH STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN BERDIFERENSIASI TERHADAP MINAT DAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTAA DIDIK
Authors: SITORUS PARLINDUNGAN , SURBAKTI MARIANA , GULO PUSPA REALITA
Published: October 2023

This research aims to determine the interests and learning outcomes of students.  The research method is quasi experimental design whose research sample is class XI MIPA 2 as an experimental class and the control class, namely class XI MIPA 1. Analysis of learning interest questionnaire data using percentage formulas and learning outcomes are normality test, homogeneity test, hypothesis test, and regression test. The research instrument used observation sheets, study interest questionnaires and multiple-choice questions. The results of the data analysis showed that the average learning interest of experimental class students from the total number of indicators was included in the very high category of 81.25 and the learning outcome data obtained were analyzed using a one-party t-test with α= 0.05 obtained tcount = 2.66 and ttable = 1.66 where tcount was greater than ttable which indicated that there was a difference in posttest in the two classes. Differentiated learning strategies are expected to be able to create effective learning and answer the diverse learning needs of students and their potential can develop so that students have freedom in learning.

Keywords: differentiated learning strategies, learning interests, learning outcomes.
Penerapan E-LKPD Interaktif Berbasis Problem Based Learning Berbantuan Liveworksheets untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dan Hasil Belajar Fisika
Authors: Prihandono Trapsilo , Supriyono Agung , Mailina Ike Lusi , Ernasari Ernasari
Published: October 2023

The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of using Electronic Student Worksheets (E-LKS) assisted by liveworksheets based on the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model in improving critical thinking skills and learning outcomes. This research is Classroom Action Research with a One Groups Pretest-Posttest Design. The subjects of this research were all 36 students of class XI MIPA 1 SMA Negeri 1 Jember for the 2022/2023 academic year. Data collection for the critical thinking ability variable was obtained through a three-item essay test and for the learning outcome variable through a 15-item multiple choice test. The data obtained was analyzed using the N-Gain formula and the classical completeness formula. Based on the analysis, the N-Gain value for critical thinking skills was 0.531 (medium category) and learning outcomes increased with an N-Gain value of 0.26 (low category) in cycle I and 0.67 (medium category) in cycle II. Based on the results obtained, the use of multi-representation E-LKS assisted by live worksheets based on the PBL model has an effect on critical thinking skills and physics learning outcomes.
The Effect of Giving Vermicompos Fertilizer and NPK 16:16:16 on Growth and Production of Edamame Soyabean (Glycine Max (L) Merrill)
Authors: Fathiah Rahmadani  , Siti Zahrah  , Sulhaswardi  , Sri Mulyani
Published: October 2023

This research has been done in the experimental farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic University of Riau, Jalan Kaharuddin Nasution, Bukit Raya, Pekanbaru. This study take three months since July to September 2019. The objective of this study was to find out the interaction effect and main effect of giving vermi compost fertilizer andNPK 16:16:16 to the growth and production of edamame soybean. The experimental design used was Completely Randomized Design factorial. The first factor was giving vermi compost (V) fertilizer with doses 0, 500, 1000, 1500 g per plot, and second factor was gift NPK 16:16:16 (N) Fertilizer with a dose of 0, 15, 30, 45 g per plot so that there are 16 combinations repeated 3 times to obtain 48 experimental units. Parameters that were observed, were plant height, relative growth rate, number of pods per plant, percentage of fruitful pods, and seed weight per plant. The data analysis of observation in variance then done with test carry on HSD level of 5%. The results showed that the interaction of vermi compost fertilizer and NPK 16:16:16 applications significantly affected the height of the plant, amount of pod per plant, percentage of pod pithy,    and Seed Weight per plant. The best treatment was vermi compost fertilizer at a dose of 1500 g/plot and NPK 16:16:16 with a dose of 30 g/plot (V3N2). The main effect of the application of vermi compost fertilizer was significant to whole parameter. The best treatment was vermi compost with a dose of 1500 g/plot (V3). The main effect  of  application of  NPK 16:16:16 was significant to whole parameter. The the best treatment was NPK 16:16:16 with a dose of 30 g/plot (N2).
Rupture of renal angiomyolipoma with asymptomatic course in a patient with exacerbation of chronic pyelonephritis (clinical case)
Authors: KAMAEVA Mariya V.
Published: October 2023

This research is devoted to the study and analysis of the clinical case of a patient with multiple bilateral angiomyolipoma of the kidneys. This tumor formation usually proceeds asymptomatically for several years. The causes include hereditary factor, hormonal failures, chronic inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system. With a tumor growth of more than 5 cm, the risk of spontaneous rupture of the neoplasm wall with the development of retroperitoneal bleeding, which can turn into hemorrhagic shock, significantly increases. Diagnostics is performed by means of palpatory examination, ultrasound examination of the kidneys, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, radiopaque angiography, biopsy with histological examination of tissues. In the absence of a detailed clinical picture, treatment is limited to observation, surgical treatment is carried out exclusively according to indications. With the combined asymptomatic course of angiomyolipoma with acute or chronic kidney diseases, a comprehensive laboratory and instrumental diagnosis is necessary at the early stages of the examination. There are rare cases when it is impossible to diagnose angiomyolipoma by the above methods, therefore it is necessary to conduct computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging with contrast. In case of rupture of the tumor with the formation of a shock state, it is necessary to carry out resuscitation measures followed by emergency nephrectomy or resection of the kidney and further treatment of the patient in the intensive care unit.
Os discursos racistas e a construção da memória a partir dos memes
Authors: Silva Jonatan dos Santos , Cruz Marlon Messias Santana , Marta Felipe Eduardo Ferreira , Silva Edvania Gomes da Silva
Published: October 2023

Este estudo apresenta uma análise discursiva de memes que circulam nas redes sociais como conteúdo humorístico relacionado à figura do negro. Busca-se responder à seguinte questão: quais discursos podem ser identificados nos memes que circulam na internet relacionados à figura do negro? Para tanto, utilizamos os conceitos da Análise de Discurso (AD) para analisar imagens aqui vistas como operadores de memória e de efeitos de sentido. O processo de disseminação de imagens e enunciados nas redes sociais operacionalizam o funcionamento de memórias dos discursos racistas, produzindo efeito de humor ao desqualificar o negro em diversas significações. Além disso, o discurso mantém a ideia de produtividade da mão de obra escravocrata, reforçando a ideologia racista transmitida na materialização das relações subsidiadas de preconceito, referente ao contexto em que o meme se inscreve.
As receitas de quitandas em perspectiva simbólica
Authors: Ribeiro Isadora Moreira , Doula Sheila Maria
Published: October 2023

Este artigo objetiva caracterizar as particularidades referentes à denominação, aos ingredientes e aos modos de fazer registrados em receitas de quitandas. O corpus compõe-se de 516 receitas selecionadas de quatro fontes documentais. Tendo um enfoque nas estruturas apreensíveis a partir dos conteúdos das receitas consideradas, os resultados se baseiam na descrição dos tópicos listados no objetivo, com ancoragem teórica nos estudos antropológicos da alimentação. Conclui-se que a localidade das matérias-primas, as peculiaridades dos processos técnicos e as distintas nomenclaturas das receitas se conjugam na demarcação dos aspectos simbólicos que perpassam a alimentação em perspectiva identitária.
(Des)regulación emocional en estudiantes universitarios: cuando la adicción a dispositivos móviles pasa factura
Authors: Castillo-Riquelme Víctor F. , Lamilla-Cifuentes Yesenia E. , Araya-Fernández Manuela E. , Martínez-Lecaros Bárbara N.
Published: October 2023

La investigación aborda el vínculo entre la desregulación emocional, nomofobia (miedo a quedar sin dispositivo móvil) y adicción a Instagram en estudiantes universitarios chilenos. Se condujo un estudio cuantitativo de alcance correlacional con un diseño no experimental de corte transversal. La muestra consistió en 218 universitarios de la zona centro sur de Chile, quienes respondieron la Escala de Dificultades de Regulación Emocional (DERS-E), el cuestionario de Nomofobia NMP-Q, la Escala de Adicción a Instagram de Berger (BIAS) e informaron algunos parámetros de la actividad de sus cuentas en Instagram. Los resultados arrojaron correlaciones significativas entre nomofobia, adicción a Instagram y las dimensiones de la desregulación emocional. El número de seguidos y de publicaciones en la plataforma de Instagram no tuvo correlación con las dimensiones de la desregulación emocional, aunque sí evidenciaron correlaciones con la nomofobia y la adicción a Instagram. La cantidad de seguidores, por otra parte, mostró correlaciones con algunas dimensiones de la desregulación emocional. El artículo cierra con la discusión de las implicancias del uso desmedido de dispositivos móviles en la salud mental y funcionamiento de los estudiantes universitarios.
Revisión sistemática sobre la adicción a las redes sociales en adolescentes latinoamericanos entre el 2020-2022
Authors: Colonio Caro Julio Daniel
Published: October 2023

La pandemia del COVID-19 mostró la actual relevancia del uso de las tecnologías de la comunicación en línea, entre ellas las redes sociales, para la vida cotidiana. Sin embargo, este avance creciente de los medios virtuales puede acarrear conductas problemáticas similares a las de la adicción; principalmente en los adolescentes, quienes son usuarios frecuentes de las redes. El presente estudio buscó analizar la manifestación de la adicción a las redes sociales en esta población, dentro del ámbito latinoamericano, para ello se hizo una revisión sistemática de estudios realizados en el periodo del 2020 al 2022. Se obtuvo 230 referencias de bases de datos especializadas, las cuales fueron analizadas siguiendo estándares del modelo PRISMA y de acuerdo a criterios de elegibilidad, basados en la estrategia PICO. Un total de 10 estudios, con una muestra total de 22.791 participantes, en su mayoría mujeres, fueron incluidos para el desarrollo de la revisión, siendo catalogados como de alta calidad. En cuanto a los resultados, se evidenciaron niveles medios y altos de adicción a las redes sociales en más de la mitad de los adolescentes evaluados. Esta revisión sintetiza los principales hallazgos y conclusiones obtenidas de las investigaciones realizadas en países de América Latina, aportando al conocimiento de los patrones de uso disfuncional de las plataformas virtuales por parte de la población adolescente y considerando los probables efectos negativos en la salud mental producto de las medidas de aislamiento social adoptadas por la pandemia.
Capacidad predictiva de la memoria de trabajo e inhibición en las competencias matemáticas tempranas
Authors: Bernal-Ruiz Francisca , Aguad Alejandra , Sagredo Martina , Rojel Geraldine , Riquelme Nelson , Parra Fernanda
Published: October 2023

Las competencias matemáticas tempranas tienen un gran impacto en el desempeño académico y en el desarrollo de habilidades matemáticas más complejas, especialmente en la educación inicial. Diversos autores han puesto de manifiesto la importancia de la memoria de trabajo e inhibición en el desarrollo de estas habilidades matemáticas, no obstante no existe un acuerdo respecto de la capacidad explicativa de estos dominios ejecutivos respecto al desempeño diferenciado en matemáticas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la capacidad predictiva de la memoria de trabajo verbal y visoespacial y de la inhibición conductual y cognitiva en las competencias matemáticas de tipo lógico relacional y numéricas de 106 niños/as chilenos de educación inicial de entre 4 y 6 años, quienes fueron evaluados con cuatro tareas ejecutivas y un test de evaluación matemática temprana. Para el análisis de los datos se realizaron correlaciones y regresiones lineales múltiples. Los resultados mostraron que la memoria de trabajo verbal fue un predictor relevante tanto de las competencias matemáticas lógico-relacionales como de las numéricas. Estos hallazgos son relevantes para el sistema educativo, especialmente para la educación inicial, en tanto confirman que a medida que los/as niños/as avanzan en su trayectoria educativa, su memoria de trabajo se fortalece y con ello también su desempeño matemático.
Propuesta de un modelo analítico de artículos de aprendizaje colaborativo a nivel universitario publicados en los últimos cinco años
Authors: Cardoni Juliana , Roselli Néstor D.
Published: October 2023

Una mirada de los artículos de revisión bibliográfica sobre el aprendizaje colaborativo a nivel universitario publicados en los últimos cinco años permite constatar una ausencia de análisis comparativo sistemático de criterios analíticos explícitos y exhaustivos que permitan ordenar dichos aportes. Precisamente, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue proponer un modelo analítico referencial que permita una clara sistematización del corpus de artículos recuperados en el periodo 2018-2022. Para cumplir con dicho objetivo, se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos SciELO, Redalyc, Eric y Dialnet. Se recuperaron 71 investigaciones. En la primera parte del manuscrito se analizó este corpus de investigaciones en función de los criterios analíticos construidos o variables. En la segunda parte, se analizaron de forma inclusiva las variables del modelo propuesto. En función de esta sistematización, se seleccionaron 12 artículos que pueden ser considerados paradigmáticos de dichas variables y modalidades clasificatorias. A modo de conclusión, el modelo analítico propuesto permitió detectar la diversidad existente en los artículos publicados en los últimos cinco años. A pesar de esta gran variedad de investigaciones, el ordenamiento de los artículos según criterios clasificadores posibilita dilucidar ciertos patrones. Se encontraron investigaciones que estudian las interacciones que se dan en el proceso de colaboración, ciertas condiciones bajo las cuales el aprendizaje colaborativo resulta más eficiente y la efectividad de determinadas estrategias para apoyar los procesos interaccionales, regulatorios y metacognitivos de los estudiantes.
Molecular docking and admet properties of anacardium occidentale methanolic nut extract against inflammatory, oxidative and apoptotic markers of diabetes
Authors: Omobolanle Ajao Folasade , Olaoye Iyedupe Marcus , Oneosinina Adegbola Raphael , Olaolu Kalejaiye Noheem , Isaac Adelusi Temitope
Published: October 2023

Background. The contemporary antidiabetic drugs have side effects and adverse reactions. This demand to search for less toxic and effective treatments for diabetes from medicinal plants using computational methods. The present research investigated the molecular docking of Anacadium occidentale nut methanolic extract compounds with selected proteins related to diabetes and the compounds’ AMDET properties.
Material and Methods. The compounds were identified using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. The compounds'2-dimensional structure was retrieved from the PubChem compound database. Three-dimensional crystallographic structure of selected proteins; B-cell-lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), caspase-3, glucocorticoids, interleukin-1β, myeloperoxidase and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) was downloaded from Protein Data Bank. Molecular docking was performed using Autodoc kvina and the active site of binding interactions was detected with the Computed Atlas of Surface Topography of proteins (CAST-P). The compounds' drug-likeness, physicochemical and ADMET were evaluated using molininspiration and admetSAR online tools.
Results. Ten compounds were identified from the Anacardium occidentale nut methanolic extract. All the compounds exhibited drug-likeness properties with violation of one Lipinski’s rule. Two compounds, oleic acid and 3-(p-methoxyphenyl)-propionic acid exhibited the best binding energy with the active receptors site of Bcl-2, caspase-3, TNF-α and glucocorticoid. Also, tridecanoic acid exhibited good binding energy with the active site of glucocorticoid receptors. Only 3-(p-methoxyphenyl)-propionic acid exhibited moderate binding energy with the active receptors site of interleukin-1β and myeloperoxidase. All the compounds displayed excellent ADMET properties.
Conclusions. Antidiabetic drugs with the least side effects could be explored from these compounds.
IMPLEMENTASI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DI MADRASAH ALIYAH SUNAN PANDANARAN NGAGLIK SLEMAN YOGYAKARTA (Sebuah Kajian Dari Perspektif Pendidikan Islam dan Psikologi)
Authors: Haningsih Sri , Rahayu Puji
Published: October 2023

Character education is getting the most attention from formal schools in Indonesia after the government announced that it is important to build the younger generation’s character. The character development is very important because many crimes are committed by high school students such as fighting, drug abuse, and motor-gang fights. This study aims to describe the implementation of character education in Madrasah Aliyah Sunan Pandanaran, which is a boarding school under Pondok Pesantren Pandanaran, and design character-education patterns suitable for MASPA. Descriptive qualitative research design was implemented by interviewing teachers and management staff at MASPA and observing the implementation of character education in MASPA. The results showed that 1) MASPA has been implementing character education in the 9 main character values namely religious character, honesty, tolerance, discipline, hard work, self-reliance, self-confidence, responsibility, and patriotism. 2) the implementation of character education is integrated with the regulations at Pondok Pesantren Sunan Pandanaran. Each character is developed with different activities. Some of the activities that are required leads in sanctions if it is not carried out by learners or students. 3) The suitable character education model for students of Madrasah Aliyah Sunan Pandanaran is by example. Nonetheless, implementation guide should be recorded so that it can still be implemented under different management. A design of good character education is also presented for MASPA.
PUDARNYA PESONA HUKUM ISLAM DI PTAI
Authors: Yusdani Yusdani , Junanah Junanah , Husnul Muhammad
Published: October 2023

The following article denotes the result of research. It tries to explain the curriculum and competencies of graduation that have been produced by Islamic law program in three Islamic universities of Yogyakarta , the State Islamic Universitas Sunan Kalijaga (UIN SUKA), Universitas Islam Indonesia (UII) and Universitas Tjokroaminoto (UCY). The research has been conducted by tracing documents and interviews with stakeholders in the three- universities. The results of this study has revealed that there are dynamics of the learning curriculum of Islamic law in three universities of Yogyakarta. The Competence of graduation from the curriculum of Islamic law is the result of the application of three universities of Yogyakarta can be categorized into two basic competencies both academic competence and professional competence. The basic of epistemological bases of Islamic jurisprudence in three universities of Yogyakarta still yet to be established form. Therefore, in order to produce the graduation, it takes the courage of stakeholders in three universities of Yogyakarta above mentioned to choose the alternative development of the study of Islamic law in the future.
SEH AMONGRAGA’S MORAL TEACHINGS OF ISLAM IN SERAT CENTHINI
Authors: Wibawa Sutrisna
Published: October 2023

This study discusses the Seh Amongraga’s moral teachings of Islam in Serat Centhini. Because of the breadth of Islamic moral teachings of the content delivered by various figures, then this study is limited in the moral teachings of Islam which was delivered by Seh Amongraga to his wife named Tambangraras. The results of this study are the moral teachings of Islam of Seh Amongraga’s moral philosophy is the realization of Java on the perfection of life sciences (ngelmu kasampurnan) as well as the science of the origin and direction of existing (sangkan paraning dumadi) which is the core of the moral philosophy of Java. Perfect life and behavior of guiding human thought in contemplating himself to find integrity in relationship with God. Origin and direction of human life that is guided and united in moving toward self-perfection of manunggaling kawula Gusti.
Advances in 3D Printing Technology: An Overview
Authors: Jeong Min , Radomski Kyle , Lopez Diana , Liu Jack T. , Lee Jason D , Lee Sang J.
Published: October 2023

3D printing technology has brought about a paradigm shift in the delivery of clinical care in medicine and dentistry. There are several different 3D printing technologies, which, along with different printable materials with unique biomechanical properties, allows for a wide range of applications for 3D printing in dentistry. The clinical use of 3D printing has created versatile applications which streamline our digital workflow. Technological advancements have also paved the way for the integration of new dental materials in dentistry. This paper provides an overview of the mechanisms of 3D printing, the dental materials relevant to each mechanism and the possible applications of these materials within different areas of dentistry. Understanding the existing spectrum of 3D printing applications in dentistry will serve to further expand its use in the dental field.
2-aminoindane-2-phosphonic acid (AIP) improves Cannabis sativa protoplast isolation and early cellular division
Authors: Monthony Adrian S , Jones Andrew Maxwell Phineas
Published: October 2023

De novo regeneration of Cannabis sativa L. (cannabis) using tissue culture techniques remains unreliable and infrequent. Conventional methods for the regeneration and transformation of cannabis have not achieved the reliability and replicability needed to be integrated into research and breeding programs. Protoplast systems are effective for gene expression studies, transformation and genome editing technologies, and opens the possibility of somatic hybridization to create interspecific hybrids. To date, leaf-derived protoplast have been isolated for transient gene expression studies, but attempts at protoplast-to-plant regeneration have not been reported. The present study aims to test the efficacy of using a callus culture system, as an abundant source for protoplast isolation and lays the groundwork for a protoplast-to-plant regeneration system. Using hypocotyl-derived callus cultures, which are known to have relatively greater regenerative potential, the efficacy of protoplast isolation and initial cell division were assessed. In this study, the effect of 2-aminoindane-2-phosphonic acid (AIP) in callus culture media and the effect of subculture frequency on protoplast yield were assessed. This study found that inclusion of AIP at 1 mM resulted in a 334% increase in protoplast yield compared with AIP-free medium, representing the first known use of AIP in cannabis tissue culture. Inclusion of AIP led to a 28% decrease in total soluble phenolics and 52% decrease in tissue browning compared to the control medium. Lastly, a two-phase culture system for protoplast regeneration was tested. At a concentration of 2.0×10^5 protoplasts per mL, division was observed, providing the first know report of cell division from cannabis protoplasts and setting the stage for future development of a protoplast-to-plant regeneration system.
Pre-exposure prophylaxis for COVID-19 with Tix-agevimab/Cilgavimab in kidney transplant recipients in the Kraken variant (XBB.1.5) era: A Single-center Experience
Authors: Pinchera Biagio , Carrano Rosa , Salemi Fabrizio , Piccione Amerigo , Schettino Elisa , Romano Paolo , Trucillo Emilia , D'Agostino Alessia , Sarno Marina , Zappulo Emanuela , Gentile Ivan
Published: October 2023

Pre-exposure prophylaxis for COVID-19 with Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab in immunocompromised patients has reduced the risk of breakthrough infection, disease, hospitalization, and COVID-19 related mortality. However, the advent of the Kraken variant (XBB.1.5) has limited the use of this monoclonal antibody, based on poor efficacy in in vitro studies The objective of the study was to evaluate the risk of breakthrough infection, symptomatic disease, hospitalization, intensive care admission and COVID-19 related death in kidney transplanted recipients receiving pre-exposure prophylaxis with Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab for COVID-19 in the era of the Kraken variant (XBB.1.5). In a prospective, observational study, we enrolled kidney transplant patients undergoing pre-exposure prophylaxis for COVID-19 with Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab at the Division of Infectious Diseases of Federico II University of Naples between February 2023 and August 2023. Each patient subsequently underwent a six-month follow-up with symptom monitoring and surveillance nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection every 30 days, regardless of symptoms. Thirty-four kidney transplant patients were enrolled and in the follow-up period, only one tested positive for the nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2 research with asymptomatic infection and virological recovery on the eighth day from the diagnosis of infection. Therefore, no patient developed disease and no patient needed hospitalization and no death occurred. No adverse drug reaction to Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab occurred. Our data, although derived from a limited and uncontrolled sample, show the potential of Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab as a valid and viable therapeutic strategy in pre-exposure prophylaxis for immunocompromised patients. These findings highlight the importance of conducting clinical studies on this topic.
Sleep breathing dynamics in children with unilateral cleft lip and palate: A prospective comparative study
Authors: Nemoto Naoko , Kawanabe Hitoshi , Fukui Kazunori , Oyama Akihiko , Okamoto Toru , Shimamura Kazuhiro
Published: October 2023

Sleep-disordered breathing affects the growth and development, mental aspect, and learning ability of affected children. Postoperative scarring causes anteroposterior and vertical develop-mental disorders of the maxilla. Obstructive apnea is likely to occur due to the influence on the maxillofacial and airway morphology. In this study, we investigated the sleep-respiratory dynamics of school-aged children with unilateral cleft lip and palate by performing a simple over-night sleep study, maxillofacial morphology and airway analysis using lateral cranial radiographs, and model analysis. Children with unilateral cleft lip and palate showed a significantly higher respiratory event index (REI) than normal children; the maxilla was located in the posterior position in terms of maxillofacial morphology, and airway morphology showed narrow values for all distance measurement items. Moreover, the width and length of the dental arch and the width of the alveolar base arch were significantly smaller. Furthermore, there was a negative correlation between REI and SNA, ANB, REI, and alveolar base arch width. Children with unilateral cleft lip and palate are more likely than normal children to develop sleep-disordered breathing due to in-creased airway resistance caused by undergrowth of the maxilla and narrowing of the upper airway and oral volume.
The Role of Perivascular Adipose Tissue in the Pathogenesis of Endothelial Dysfunction in Cardiovascular Diseases and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Valentini Alessia , Cardillo Carmine , Della-Morte David , Tesauro Manfredi
Published: October 2023

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are two of the four major chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), representing the leading cause of death worldwide. Several studies demonstrate that endothelial dysfunction (ED) plays a central role in the pathogenesis of these chronic diseases. Although it is well known that systemic chronic inflammation and oxidative stress are primarily involved in the development of ED, recent studies have shown that perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is implicated in its pathogenesis, also contributing to the progression of atherosclerosis and to insulin resistance (IR). In this review we describe the relationship between PVAT and ED, and we also analyse the role of PVAT in the pathogenesis of CVDs and T2DM, further assessing its potential therapeutic target with the aim of restoring normal ED and reducing global cardiovascular risk.
Inhibition of angiogenesis by the nutraceutical Terasen® in the chorioallantoic membrane from chicken embryo
Authors: De Melo Ester Lopes , Tavares Bruno Augusto Machado , Santos Abrahão Victor Tavares de Lima Teixeira dos , Ferreira Adriana Maciel , Carvalho Helison de Oliveira , Castro Andres Navarrete , Pereira Arlindo César Matias , Moreira Luiz Fernando , Carvalho Jose Carlos Tavares
Published: October 2023

Angiogenesis is a process whereby new blood vessels are born from preexistent ones, which has a role in transporting oxygen and nutrients. On the other hand, inhibiting this process is a strategy used to treat some diseases, including cancers, diabetic retinopathy, and rheumatoid arthritis. This study investigates the effect of a new nutraceutical (Terasen®) on angiogenesis. Terasen® is made from a standardized extract of Euterpe oleraceae (Açaí), Myrciaria dubia (Camu-Camu), and purified oil of Bixa orellana (Annatto) and Astrocaryum aculeatum (Tucumã). The in vivo angiogenesis model used was the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) from chicken embryos. The embryos were divided into seven groups: a vehicle control treated with ethanol solution (ETH), a naïve control treated only with saline solution (SOR), a positive control treated with dexamethasone (DEX), and four groups treated with Terasen® at different concentrations (0.5, 1, 2, and 3 mg/ml). The parameters assessed were the vessels’ area, length, and amount. The results show a statistically significant and concentration-dependent inhibition of angiogenesis caused by Terasen®. Our results suggest the nutraceutical has a high antiangiogenesis potential, possibly due to its bioactive compounds, including anthocyanins, quercetin, and tocotrienols.
On the Origin of Aging by Means of Natural Selection
Authors: Walker Richard Francis
Published: October 2023

Formulating a novel concept about the origin of human aging has been constrained by the dominance of a “classic theory” that was proposed nearly 70 years ago. Despite concern over the validity of some of its assumptions, the theory remained basic to our understanding of aging’s relationship with natural selection (NS). However, the logic upon which it rests was tested and subsequently challenged. The present theory describes the single cause of human aging consistent with Darwin’s evolutionary requirement for selection of adaptive traits. It describes an emergent property of the developmental program (DP), that is expressed upon completion of ontogenesis. It involves redundant expression of regulatory processes from the last stage of the DP. That mechanism subsequently preserves a non-aging, stable interval of unchanging NS during which reproductive fitness is achieved. Thereafter, loss of DP regulatory redundancy due to reliability limits, stochastic mutation accumulation, reproductive and a specific type of DNA damage, initiates aging which causes an inexorable decline in strength of NS to begin. It starts approximately a decade later than proposed in the classic theory. Since reproduction and aging are inextricably linked by the same emergent property, selection of that regulatory mechanism makes both traits products of NS.
Potentially pathogenic SORL1 mutations observed in autosomal-dominant cases of Alzheimer’s disease do not modulate bAPP physiopathological processing
Authors: Bauer Charlotte , Duplan Eric , St George-Hyslop Peter , Checler Frédéric
Published: October 2023

SORL1 gene encodes LR11/SorLA, a protein that binds -amyloid precursor protein (bAPP) and drives its intracellular trafficking. SORL1 mutations occurring frequently in a subset of familial cases of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have been documented but their pathogenic potential is not yet clear and questions remain concerning their putative influence on the physiopathological processing of bAPP. We have assessed the influence of three SORL1 mutations that were described as likely disease-causing and that were associated with either benign (SorLA924) or severe (SorLA141 and SorLA511) AD phenotypes. We examined the influence of wild-type and mutants SorLA in transiently transfected HEK293 cells expressing either wild-type or Swedish mutated bAPP on bAPP expression, secreted Ab and sAPPa levels, intracellular Ab40 and Ab42 peptides, APP-CTFs (C99 and C83) expressions, a-, b- and g-secretases expressions and activities as well as Ab and CTFs-degrading enzymes. These paradigms were studied in control conditions or after pharmacological proteasomal modulation. We also established stably transfected CHO cells expressing wild-type SorLA and established the colocalization of wild-type SorLA and bAPP. Overall, although we mostly confirmed previous data concerning the influence of wild-type SorLA on bAPP processing, we were unable to evidence significant alterations triggered by our set of SorLA mutants, whatever the cells or pharmacological conditions examined. Our study however does not rule out the possibility that other AD-linked SORL1 mutations could indeed affect bAPP processing and that pathogenic mutations examined in the present study could interfere with other cellular pathways/triggers in AD.
Sex-specific Impact of 17β-estradiol and Testosterone Levels on Inflammation and Injury in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Semerdzhieva Niya Emilova , Tsakova Adelina Dimitrova , Hristova Julieta , Lozanov Valentin Stoychev , Loznova Vesela Valentinova , Gospodinova Mariana , Dimitrov Simeon , Atanasov Petar Yordanov , Chaneva Maria
Published: October 2023

Estrogens play a protective role during early life stages. However, endogenous 17β-estradiol (E2) can accelerate atherosclerosis progression in low-grade inflammatory conditions like established atherosclerosis. Our single-center cohort study assessed sex-specific associations of gonadal hormones with oxidative stress, inflammation, and myocardial injury markers in 111 patients (37% women) diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction (MI) between July 2011 and December 2013. Blood samples were collected within 48 hours of symptom onset, and we measured sex steroids (E2, total testosterone [T]), oxidized low-density lipoproteins, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell counts (WBC), and cardiac enzymes (creatine kinase [CK], the CK Muscle-Brain fraction [CK-MB], and high-sensitive troponin T [hsTnT]). The SYNTAX score gauged coronary disease severity from coronary angiography results. In men with acute MI, peak cardiac enzyme levels were predicted by post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) E2 plasma levels (OR 1.011, p=0.047 - CK; OR 1.018, p=0.013 - CK- MB; OR 1.019, p=0.005 - TnT), peak WBC count (OR 1.487, p=0.015 - CK ; OR 1,709, p=0,005 - CK- MB; OR 1.391, p=0.012 - TnT), and peak CRP plasma levels (OR 1.040, p=0.033 - CK; OR 1.024, p=0.029 - CK-MB; OR 1.063, p=0.006 - TnT). T levels and E2/T ratio were associated with post-PCI CRP in these men (OR 0.980, p = 0.024 - T, OR 1.010, p = 0.076 - CRP). For women, peak WBC was a marker of highest testosterone (OR 1.348, p = 0.062), and only WBC was a significant indicator of myocardial injury extent (OR 1.426, p=0.039 - CK; OR 1.384, p=0.036 - CK-MB; OR 1.299, p=0.048 - TnT). During acute MI, elevated endogenous estradiol levels correlate with myocardial necrosis severity in men, while in women, increased leukocyte levels indicate acute myocardial damage. Elevated plasma T is associated with increased WBC in women. In men, post-PCI plasma CRP specifically indicates endogenous T levels and E2/T ratio during the acute phase.
Recent Advances in the Development of Bioartificial Pancreas Using 3D Bioprinting for the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes: A Review
Authors: Ghosh Anushikha , Sanyal Arka , Mallick Abhik
Published: October 2023

Type 1 diabetes is a chronic condition that results from the destruction of insulin-producing β-cells in the pancreas. Current treatments for type 1 diabetes, such as insulin therapy and pancreatic islet transplantation, have several limitations and, hence not quite effective in the long run. As current therapy methods fail to slow disease development, novel strategies such as the development of a bioartificial pancreas are being seriously considered. Over the last decade, research has focused on tissue engineering, which aids in the design of biological alternatives for the repair and replacement of non-functional or damaged organs. Three dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology which employs 3D printing technology to generate 3D tissue-like structures from biomaterials and cells, offers a promising solution for the treatment of type 1 diabetes by providing the ability to generate functional endocrine pancreatic tissue. Bioprinted structures are therefore an important aspect of tissue engineering because they have been found to replicate the native extracellular matrix, promoting cell survival and proliferation. In this review, we extensively discussed about bioprinting endocrine pancreas for the treatment of type 1 diabetes particularly focussing on the choice of cells, biomaterials, growth factors, and essential considerations. Additionally, the key challenges and perspectives towards recapitulation of the pancreatic function of the pancreatic organ engineering technologies have also been discussed.
Optimal Adaptive Continuous Barrier Function Design for Non-linear Systems Under Model Uncertainty and External Disturbance using Terminal Sliding Mode Control
Authors: El-Sousy Fayez F. M. , Mobayen Saleh , Sepestanaki Mohammadreza Askari , Alqahtani Mohammed H. , Aljumah Ali S. , Almutairi Sulaiman Z.
Published: October 2023

This study presents an innovative approach named Optimal Adaptive Continuous Barrier Function Terminal Sliding Mode Control (OACBF-TSMC) approach with a novel switching manifold, to control mathematical model of nonlinear systems under model uncertainties and external disturbances. The proposed OACBF-TSMC approach combines the advantages of adaptive control, continuous barrier functions, and terminal sliding mode control to achieve robust stability of the mathematical model of nonlinear systems, and by using a genetic algorithm that tries to optimize the controller parameters as much as possible so that the proposed controller is the most to have efficiency and performance. The proposed method is designed to address the challenges of systems and provide superior performance in terms of stabilization accuracy, disturbance rejection, and robustness against uncertainties. However, the critical challenge facing the proposed controller is the complete elimination of the chattering phenomenon, which is the most important problem of ordinary sliding mode controllers. The simulation results show that the system trajectories in the proposed approach have converged to the origin with minimal overshoot and under-shoot in a finite time; In addition, the chattering problem in the control inputs has been well eliminated, which makes the proposed method suitable for various systems, including chaotic systems, energy sources, and distributed production systems. Furthermore, the OACBF-TSMC approach has the potential to enhance the stability and reliability of control systems, contributing to the integration of the system states.
Insomnia During The Covid-19 Pandemic and Its Relationship with Psychological Distress in Healthworkers : A Literature Review
Authors: Maryati Yullytia Franika , Godwin Ross James , Hidayat Saiful
Published: October 2023

Background: The global COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on all aspects of daily life. One area it has impacted on is psychological stress experienced by health workers, particularly sleep disorders.  The development of sleep disorders such as insomnia may affect the wellbeing of health care workers. This literature review aims to summarize the evidence concerning insomnia during the COVID-19 pandemic and its relationship to psychological distress in healthcare workers and to detect associates stress symptoms with sleep quality in health workers.
Methods: This study is a literature review constructed by searching articles through the Pubmed and Science Direct electronic databases using a combination of keywords, including articles published from 2020-2022, analyzing the effect of insomnia during the COVID-19 pandemic and its relationship with psychological stress. The review process used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) as a guide.
Results: A total of five articles were analyzed. Three studies indicated that insomnia was associated with stress symptoms even with low exposure to COVID-19 patient care. Two other articles showed that psychological distress has a negative impact on sleep quality to such a level that it interferes with daily activities.
Conclusion: Sleep disorders, including insomnia, are related to psychological distress in health workers in the COVID-19 pandemic era. Providing social and psychological support to health workers is crucial because the emotional well-being of health workers affects the quality of patient care, and subsequently the effective functioning of health services.