bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interdisciplinarity and teacher training: a possible entanglement
Authors: Porto Iris Maria , Soares Ana Luiza Ferreira Pinheiro , Pinto Karini da Silva , Oliveira Raimundo Nonato Moura
Published: March 2023

The article presented here brings considerations about interdisciplinarity situated in the context of teacher education. The relevance of interdisciplinarity stems from the possibility for teachers to review their pedagogical practice, based on a new look at their work and the objects that are proposed for their study, thus, it can be considered that interdisciplinarity is an essential tool for training teacher insofar as it allows a vision of totality in relation to objects. The guiding question of the study is the following: How can interdisciplinarity influence teaching practice?. In this study, the proposed objective was to reflect on interdisciplinarity in the context of teacher education. The methodology used was bibliographical research, with a qualitative approach, where dialogue was carried out with the following authors Japiassu (1976), Fazenda (2008, 2010), Guimarães (2008), Miranda (2008), Yared (2008), Azevedo (2008), Canário (2007), Day (2001), Gatti (2016), Nóvoa (1992) and Pryjma and Winkeler (2014) among others. This theoretical study was relevant because it considers transdisciplinarity an important component of teaching.
Prevalence of premature babies born in the city of Valença/RJ
Authors: Silva Thaísa Maria Guimarães Ferreira Kopke da , Costa Gabriela de Almeida , Dos Santos Inês Maria Meneses
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to Identify the prevalence of preterm infants born in the municipality of Valença-RJ from the statistical analysis of data from the Live Births Declaration in the years 2018 and 2019 and associate prematurity with the profile of pregnant women in the city of Valença/RJ as to maternal age, color/race, level of education, and prenatal care. Thus, a cross-sectional epidemiological study with a quantitative approach was conducted in the municipality of Valença/RJ and a sample of 270 preterm infants born between the years 2018 and 2019. For data collection, the database made available by the Live Births Information System was used, and the statistical analysis was performed from the use of RStudio version 4.1.0. There was an increase in the rate of prematurity from 12.45% in 2018 to 15.57% in 2019. A significant association of prematurity was observed in: women aged below 19 years and above 35 years; women with low education; black or brown women; and those who had up to six prenatal visits. It is concluded that the data found about the association of prematurity and the profile of pregnant women in this study corroborate what is described by the Ministry of Health.
Landscape dynamics and spatial correlation of forest fragments by Kriging
Authors: Reis Teresinha Esteves da Silveira , Reis Luiz Carlos , Andrade Daniel Campanelli
Published: March 2023

Com o objetivo de estudar a dinâmica dos fragmentos florestais utilizou-se dados do processamento das fotografias aéreas pancromáticas de 1970 escala 1:25.000 e das imagens do satélite RapidEye AG de 2012, processadas no sistema de informação geográfica SPRING 5.3. A análise espacial de eventos foi realizada pelo estimador Kernel e método do vizinho mais próximo para os efeitos de primeira e segunda ordem respectivamente.  Por meio da Krigagem ordinária estabeleceu-se a superfície de correlação espacial dos fragmentos nas diferentes épocas.  Constatou-se maiores níveis de intensidade de fragmentos no quadrante sudoeste em 1970, no entanto após quatro décadas, os níveis foram mais baixos, porém a dependência espacial não se alterou.  Verificou-se que as áreas de classe muito alto a alto correlação espacial que era de 96% da superfície do município caiu para 65%, enquanto que as áreas de baixo a muito baixa correlação espacial aumentou em 8 vezes no período. A variância da Krigagem possibilitou a delimitação de superfícies com elevada dependência espacial dos fragmentos, permitindo a inferência de áreas para a recomposição florestal visando a regularização ambiental das propriedades rurais.
Comparison between Giving Warm Water Compressions and Sour Tamarind Drink on Primary Dysmenorrhea
Authors: Andriani Aan , Carolin Bunga Tiara , Lail Nurul Husnul
Published: March 2023

Primary dysmenorrhea is very painful menstruation, with no visible pelvic pathology and can occur at the time of menarche or immediately after. One way to overcome dysmenorrhea is by using non-pharmacological strategies, namely warm water compresses and drinking sour turmeric.

This study aims to determine the comparison between offering warm compresses and sour turmeric drink to primary dysmenorrhea

This study uses a Quasy Experiment with a one-group pretest-posttest design approach. The sample in this study revealed 40 female students consisting of 20 groups before and after being given warm water compresses and 20 groups before and after being given turmeric acid. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. In this study using an observation sheet (Faces Pain Rating Scale). Data analysis used Skewness and Kurtosis test and paired sample T-test and Independent T-test.

The results of the study using the Independent T-test showed that there was no difference before and before giving warm air compresses with a Sig value. 0.911 > 0.05, and drinking tamarind turmeric was 0.797 > 0.05, for primary dysmenorrhea in students of SMK N 3 Taliabu Utara with a score of

There is no difference in the effect between before and before giving warm and acid compresses to primary dysmenorrhea in female students of SMK N 3 Taliabu Utara.

 It is hoped that it can be applied to students who experience primary dysmenorrhea
Changes in Respiratory Function in Asthma Patients using Respiratory Inspiration Muscle Exercise: Literature Review
Authors: Kurnianto Syaifuddin , Astuti Anggia , Endro Sulistyono Raden , Cahyo Putri Maharani
Published: March 2023

Asthma is characterized by narrowing and inflammation of the bronchi, with symptoms of dyspnea, fatigue, and limited activity. This study aims to explain the effect of respiratory inspiratory muscle training on changes in respiratory function based on the results of previous studies. This study was compiled based on a literature review that came from the databases: PubMed, springer link, and google scholar which were selected based on the inclusion criteria that have been set. From 272 articles found, only 6 articles deserve to be reviewed. The results of the review stated that respiratory inspiratory muscle exercise had an effect on changes in respiratory function in asthmatic patients with a very significant significance value. Changes provided by inspiratory muscle training are related to respiratory muscle strengthening which reduces respiratory stimulus and ventilation requirements for a given workload, contributing to more efficient breathing patterns and decreased perception of dyspnea. Inspiratory respiratory muscle exercise, either done alone or in combination with other respiratory rehabilitation programs, can increase the strength of the respiratory muscles so as to have an improved impact on the respiratory function of children with asthma from children to adults.
The Effect of Pineapple Juice on Perineal Wound Healing Among Post Partum Women
Authors: Novelia Shinta , Syamsiah Siti , Kurnia Nia
Published: March 2023

Perineal rupture is one of the causes of maternal morbidity and mortality during the post partum. The occurrence of infection can slow the healing of the perineal wound because the tissue that will grow into new tissue in the wound is damaged. Based on data, at Cimacan Hospital in June to August 2021 there were 105 cases of women who experienced perineal rupture during labor. This study aims to find out the Effect Pineapple Juice on The Healing of Perineal Wounds in post partum women at Cimacan Hospital. This study uses the design of Quasy Eksperiment with a postest only control group approach, by dividing two groups, namely the experimental group and the control group. The sample in this study amounted to 30 women with rupture consisting of 15 experimental groups and 15 control groups. Sample selection technique using total sampling. Research instruments consist of documentation, observation sheets as well as the REEDA scale. The data was analyzed using the Independent t test to determine the difference in influence between groups. The results showed that there was an influence on the healing of perineal wounds of the experimental group and the control group given pineapple juice and those that were not, with a significance value of 0.02 which means p<0.05. The preparation of pineapple has an effect on the healing of perineal wounds in women with rupture perineum. It is hoped that the results of this study can invite others to know the benefits of pineapple juice for perineal wound healing.
Behavior for Preventing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) among Sekaa Teruna Teruni of Kemoning Traditional Village: Descriptive Study
Authors: Sri Meira Utami Ni Made , Oktaviani Ni Putu Wiwik , Setya Purwani Ika
Published: March 2023

The behavior of preventing the transmission of Covid-19 is an activity both observable and unobservable by human interaction with the environment related to preventing the transmission of Covid-19 which is manifested in the form of knowledge, attitudes, and actions. The research method is descriptive and quantitative with a cross-sectional approach. The sample used was 87 respondents with a simple random sampling technique. The results showed that the respondent's age was 22 years (20.7%), female gender (59.8%), education at the university (71.3%), and students (46.0%) dominated. STT knowledge was in good (94.3%), enough (3.4%), less (2.3%), STT attitude was in good (96.6%), enough (2.3%), less (1.1%), STT actions are in good (88.5%), enough (11.5%), and STT behavior is in good (96.6%), enough (1.1%), less (2.3%). The behavior of preventing the transmission of COVID-19 in STT at Kemoning Village is in a good category. The advice is that it is hoped that STT will maintain good behavior in implementing health protocols and healthy behavior in the form of preventing the transmission of Covid-19.
Parent’s Readiness When Children Face-To-Face Learning During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ni Made Sri Rahyanti , Wulan Krisnandari Anak Agung Istri
Published: March 2023

The decline in the number of COVID-19 cases impacting on the government decision of back-to-normal life policy. This affects the education sector to switch to offline or face-to-face learning methods with the strict application of health protocols. Parents plays the role to prepare their children to comply with health protocols while attending the offline study. The purpose of the study was to identify parent’s readiness to prepare their children for face-to-face learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study is a descriptive study with cross sectional design. The sampling method used was non-probability sampling. The respondents of this study was 68 respondents. The data collection tool used is a questionnaire. The results of this study indicated that 100% of parents have good readiness for children learning face-to-face to school during a pandemic. All parents have readiness for children who will learn face-to-face at school during the covid-19 pandemic
The The Effect of COVID-19 Vaccine Education with Audiovisual Media on Anxiety Levels of Pregnant Women as Candidates for COVID-19 Vaccination Participants
Authors: Fikriyah Putri Nurul , Kurniawati Dini , Dwi Merina Nuning
Published: March 2023

Giving the Covid-19 vaccine to pregnant women causes anxiety for pregnant women. One of the interventions that can be given is education using audiovisual media. This study aims to analyze the effect of audiovisual Covid-19 vaccine education on the anxiety level of pregnant women as potential participants for the Covid-19 vaccination in the work area of the Paleran Health Center. This study used a quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest control group. The sample of this study was 84 pregnant women and used purposive sampling. The data was obtained using an anxiety questionnaire (validity=0.38 and reliability=0.93). The Wilcoxon test showed that there was an effect of education using audiovisual media (p=0.000). While in the control group, there was no effect (p=0.988). Mann-Whitney showed a significant difference between the intervention group after being given audiovisual media education and the control group (p=0.002). Audiovisual media is attractive and easy to understand because it can stimulate sight and hearing someone curious about the video that aired and got the information that affects mentality and behavior, so decrease anxiety level. in this case, audiovisual media will reduce pregnant women's anxiety about the Covid-19 vaccine.
The Description of Knowledge and Attitudes of Parents in Performing First Aid for Hyperthermia in Preschool-Age Children
Authors: Moch. Azzam Miftahurroziqin  , Perdani Juliningrum Peni , Rahmawati Iis
Published: March 2023

Hyperthermia is a health problem characterized by increased body temperature above normal due to thermoregulation failure. Improper hyperthermia treatment of children under five can result in complications such as dehydration and seizures. According to the concept of family-centered care, the family is one of the sources for the treatment of childcare. Involving the family can contribute to success in caring for sick children, not apart from knowledge and attitude in good health based on informed sources and a good environment. The study was intended to get a picture of the parent's knowledge and attitude in conducting hyperthermia first aid on preschool-age children on the coastal shore of the Situbondo county anchor. Research design uses observational/non-experimental study design with a descriptive study, and sample identification using a non-established method with an established sampling technique. The sample needed as many as 80 respondents with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data collection uses knowledge questionnaires and attitudes transmitted directly through posyandu; midwives and cadres of posyandu. Studies have found that of 80 respondents, most respondents were in the early adult age category (26-35), and some of those had 2 children. Most parents have a final elementary and high school education level with most of the employment status as housewives. Most of the respondents received information regarding the first treatment of hyperthermia from health officials. The level of parental knowledge is at a missing level and the parents' attitude is at a sufficient level. As a nurse, it is necessary to provide innovation in educating parents about first aid for hyperthermia in children with various health promotion media to change knowledge and attitudes, so that they can undergo better first aid behavior.
Pathways to Quality: Nurse Work Environment, Unfinished Nursing Care, Job Satisfaction, and The Electronic Health Record
Authors: Jones Terry , Campbell Caitlin , Montgomery Aoyjai , Pogue Colleen , Baernholdt Marianne , Patrician Patricia
Published: March 2023

Better nurse work environments are associated with patient and nurse outcomes reflecting nursing care quality. Mechanisms through which the work environment influences nursing care quality are not well documented. Unfinished nursing care, electronic health records, and job satisfaction may be involved. Clear mechanistic pathways that explain how these variables might interact to influence care quality are lacking. This study examined how satisfaction with the electronic health record, unfinished care, the work environment, and job satisfaction collectively affect nursing care quality. A secondary analysis of cross-sectional data was performed using survey data collected from inpatient hospital staff nurses in a single U.S. state. Survey responses (n=916) were analyzed using bivariate correlations and path analysis. Moderate bivariate correlations were documented among all study variables. However, smaller effects were identified in the full path analysis model. The nurse work environment had direct and indirect effects (through unfinished nursing care and job satisfaction) on nursing care quality. Satisfaction with the electronic health records affected nursing care quality indirectly through an inverse relationship with unfinished nursing care. More research is needed to better understand the mechanisms through which the electronic health record influences the nurse work environment and nursing care quality are needed.
Master coach The Consequences Workplace of the Head Nurse's Adherence to Nursing Professional Educational Ethics and Knowledge of Moral Dilemmas at King Abdulaziz Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Barnawi Asma
Published: March 2023

Conducting ethics deals with standards of moral judgment. Every day, professional nurses are required to make ethical decisions about patient care. They must have good adequate practice and knowledge of ethics to make ethical decisions. In addition, a head nurse's respect for the respected climate can affect job adherence by improving nurses' professional values and raising their awareness toward moral and ethical issues facing care practice through acceptance and correction of errors, which leads to improved quality of care by enforcing values of the profession and prevents negative consequences of errors hiding.  The aim of this study was to examine the consequences of the head nurse's adherence to respect educational programs on nurses' professional ethics and knowledge of moral dilemmas.  This study method used a Quasi-experimental research design. Setting: The study was conducted at King Abdul Aziz Hospital. The Subjects were all head nurses who worked in the inpatient and outpatient units, and all staff nurses worked in the same departments. Research Instrument of four tools were used in this study; respect knowledge questionnaire, workplace respect climate Self- Assessment scale, nursing professional value Scale, and moral and ethical issue knowledge questionnaire. The results showed total knowledge score and levels of perceived workplace respect among head nurses were low before the program implementation. After the program implementation, they had higher scores with statistically significant differences; also, the staff nurse professional value scores and moral and ethical issues awareness scores increased after implementing a respect education program for head nurses. In Conclusion, the respective training program positively affected head nurses by increasing their knowledge and self-assessment about perceived workplace respect after the program implementation. Recommendations were periodical conferences and programs for head nurses must develop respect skills, behaviors, and communication to motivate the worth of their professional values towards nursing and acknowledge moral and ethical knowledge.
Characterization of immunomodulatory B-cells and T-cells to generate extremely targeted immunoassays and vaccines
Authors: Ahmad Main Bashir , Rezayee Fatima , Khan Muhammad Fayaz , Hassan Muhammad , Naveed Muhammad , Alam Mehboob
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The Rubella virus has worldwide occurrence and congenital Rubella syndrome are widely recognized as emerging infection in several parts of the world. Methodology: We investigated for peptide vaccine with specific T and B-cell epitopes was identified through bioinformatics-based approaches. These were identified utilizing available Rubella virus E1 glycoprotein sequence databases. The outer-membrane glycoprotein, E1 is a target protein for the prediction of best antigens. Results: The bioinformatics online software Bepipred 2 was used for prediction of potential B-cell epitope (pfcntphgqlevqvppdpgd) was identified and it has shown high conversation against E1 glycoprotein and few other bioinformatics online software NetMHCpan, IEDB and NetCTL was used to identify maximum surface-exposed residues. T-Cell epitope (rpvalpral) was identified and shown to be conserved to E1 Glycoprotein. Predicted epitopes were found to had promiscuous class-I major histocompatibility complex binding affinity to major histocompatibility complex super types, antigenicity scores and high proteasomal cleavage. The three-dimensional modelled structures was created using I-TASSER online server for highlighting the predicted T- and B- cell epitopes. Conclusion: The predicted T and B cell epitope could be used for development of immunoglobulin assay and vaccines.
CRISPR/Cas-9 and its therapeutic applications in Onco-viral diseases
Authors: Naqvi Bibi Salma Tassaduq , Alam Mehboob , Nazir Arzoo , Zeb Shah , Khan Alam , Malik Shanza Rafique , Shah Naveed , Naveed Muhammad , Khan Muhammad Fawad
Published: March 2023

The CRISPR/Cas9 technique is one of the gene-editing tools. The CRISPR/Cas9 method is favoured by many due to its high degree of adaptability and precision when cutting and pasting DNA. It makes it possible to carry out genetic engineering on an unprecedented scale at a very low cost, which is one of the reasons why it is so popular. It differs from previous methods of genetic engineering in that it permits the addition or deletion of multiple genes simultaneously. Additionally, it is unique in that it is not species-specific, allowing it to be applied to organisms that were previously resistant to genetic engineering. CRISPR/Cas9 has emerged as a potent strategy for altering the genome, and it has been extensively utilized in a variety of cell lines. CRISPR/Cas9 creation of cell and animal models laid the groundwork for the clinical trials that might have treated the tumor. The technology of genome editing through CRISPR-Cas9 holds great promise for preventing tumor migration, invasion, and even treatment. However, its clinical application is constrained by the possibility of an off-target effect, necessitating an effective ethical review. The research and limitations of cancer clinical trials are discussed, as are the molecular mechanisms of CRISPR/Cas9.
Could serum serotonin be used as a marker for portal vein invasion in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma?
Authors: El-badry Sally A. , Omar Seham A. , Gad Amal A. , Serwah Abdel-Hamid A.
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma represents the sixth and the fourth cause of cancer in the world and Egypt, respectively. In Egypt, HCC mortality and morbidity is high. Serotonin is a precious neurotransmitter and vascular viable molecule. Serotonin plays an important role in hepatocytes mitosis and tumor genesis leading to hepatocellular carcinoma. Aim of Work: To investigate if serum serotonin can be used as a marker for portal vein invasion in patient with hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods: Cross-sectionla analytic study was performed in Suez Canal University Hospitals. The study included 90 participants; 10 normal healthy control individuals and 80 chronic liver disease patients divided into four groups ( 20 cirrhotic; 20 early HCC; 20 advanced HCC and 20 ablated HCC). All study groups were subjected to  the following; history, clinical examination, and investigations including hematological, biochemical, serum Alpha fetoprotein and Serotonin levels) with pelviabdominal ultrasound and Triphasic computerized tomography. Results: Portal Vein Thrombosis (PVT), abnormal liver function tests, and AFP were positively correlate with serum serotonin level. In comparison between study groups, mean serum serotonin level was (117±84, 693±65,1613±37) for patients with normal, dilated, and portal vein invasion respectively with a statistically significant difference ( p value <0.001).
Molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of Citrobacter freundii isolates from broilers in AL- Diwaniyah province of Iraq
Authors: Hasan Hayfaa Jumaah , Abdulwahid Mushtaq Talib , Ayyez Hayder Naji
Published: March 2023

Because of the medicinal and economic importance of Citrobacter freundii, as well as the fact that there are only a few local studies on it, the purpose of this study was to isolate and identify this important bacterial species from chicken using differential media with comparable biochemical properties. There is a severe concern about the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) creating bacteria in animal husbandry, which could be transmitted to humans. C. freundii was detected through the use of specific associated genes that enable this bacterium to resist the effects of antibiotics, making it highly resistant. For detection of this bacteria and recognition of distinct types of resistance genes, polymerase chain reaction was used. Further confirmation, purified PCR product was subjected to sequencing. It showed 99.80% homology with Switzerland isolates available in the NCBI database. Forty two isolates of C. freundii were isolated from (450) fecal sample collected from different region of AL- Diwaniyah province.
IL6 as prognostic factor for severity of COVID-19
Authors: Noori Aseel Hamzah , Ali Mohammed Hasan
Published: March 2023

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the viral illness known as coronavirus disease 2019. Several inflammatory and biochemical markers are elevated, and blood indices are altered, in COVID-19, a sign of a cytokine storm.(50) COVID-19 patients at Marjan medical city and Imam Sadiq Teaching hospitals between December -2021 and April -2022 were studied for the connection of IL-6 levels. Results of blood tests varied significantly depending on the severity of the condition. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and SPO2 (percent) were significantly different between the two measurement periods at day 1 and day 3. Nearly three out of four patients had severe illness (N=34, 68.0 percent), and there was no one with moderate disease (N=16, 32.0 percent). According to the level of illness severity, there were large variations in the distribution of age groups. This study found a strong correlation between illness severity and immunization history and previous medical records.
Ocurrencia del “elefante marino del sur” Mirounga leonida Linnaeus, 1758 (Carnivora: Pinnipedia: Phocidae) en la costa de El Salvador
Authors: López Wilfredo A. , López Martínez Roxana Margarita , López Raúl Ernesto , Martínez de Navas Elba , Pineda Luis , Castaneda Melvin Giovanni
Published: March 2023

Durante el mes de enero de 2021, se tuvo la visita de un “elefante marino del sur” Mirounga leonida [Linnaeus, 1758] en la costa de El Salvador, Océano Pacífico centroamericano, específicamente se observó en la zona occidental entre 15 y 16 de enero en el Área Natural Protegida y Sitio Ramsar Complejo Los Cóbanos y el Sitio Ramsar Complejo Barra de Santiago. Con el apoyo de los guardarrecursos del Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales se recopilaron las características morfológicas, coordenadas geográficas de cada sitio de avistamiento, fechas y horas de permanencia e interacciones con humanos. Se trató de un macho subadulto de 3.38 m de longitud total en proceso de muda de piel que realizó fases de descanso en las playas El Faro/El Amor, Metalío y Barra de Santiago para luego desplazarse a playas de Guatemala y México. Esta nota constituye el primer registro de la ocurrencia de la especie en el país.
Research on Risk Propagation in Complex Supply Chain Networks Based on SEIR Model
Authors: Liu Yang , Liang Jingxin
Published: March 2023

The complexity of supply chain network structure makes the risk propagation among the enterprises in the supply chain more and more complicated. This paper constructs a SEIR risk propagation model for complex supply chain networks based on the analytical idea of contagion model, which reveals the risk propagation mechanism of supply chain networks from a macro perspective. The article verifies the existence of risk propagation threshold and the stability of different equilibrium points by analyzing the basic regeneration number, equilibrium point and stability of the model; explores the effectiveness of different parameters on the basic regeneration number by combining sensitivity analysis; and verifies them by using MATLAB simulation software. The results show that the basic regeneration number is a key factor affecting the risk propagation, and the risk diffusion in this system can be effectively curbed by controlling the basic regeneration number.
A Study on Socio-Economic Profile of the Dairy Farmers in Aurangabad District, Maharashtra, India
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad (Maharashtra), India., D. Wetal Dr. Jagadish , Suryawanshi Dr. Madanlal V ,   Head, Department of Geography, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, (Maharashtra), India, Bhore Dr. Chatragun Udhav ,   Head, Department of Geography, Sant Dnyaneshwar Mahavidyalaya Soegaon, Aurangabad (Maharashtra), India
Published: March 2023

If we look at the state's population growth patterns, milk and milk products must be used to ensure both food security and nutritional security. Another possibility is that the populace expresses various concerns like food insecurity, perceived insecurity, unemployment, etc., and the government responds by taking quick and effective action to address these concerns. The current study examines various facets of dairy farming and the current state of milk production, consumption, and sales. The city of Aurangabad was deliberately chosen for the investigation. Two tehsils were randomly chosen from the zone, and two blocks were randomly chosen from each tehsil. Each block has two villages drawn at random. 10% of dairy producers were chosen proportionately and randomly from among all the households in each community. Dairying was the primary occupation of 13.86% of the respondents, whereas the major occupations of 9.32%, 7.50%, and 6.36% of the respondents were labour, business, and services, respectively. In contrast, the majority of respondents (67.50%) chose dairying as their secondary occupation, followed by agriculture (21.59%) with 20.00% of the respondents. The respondents stipulated that at the time of the inquiry, dairy farmers had to have at least one lactating dairy animal. the majority of respondents (43.18%) sold 4 to 7 liters of milk per day, followed by 34.55% and 22.27 % of respondents who sold less than 4 liters and more than 7 liters of milk, respectively. In the study region, agriculture was the main industry and dairying was the secondary one. As increased milk production was the farmers' primary goal, respondents had more crossbred cattle and buffalo than native livestock. Farmers often sell their milk in cooperative societies, while some also sell in independent shops.
BREAST CANCER SCREENING AWARENESS AMONG TRAINEE DOCTORS OF MULTAN
Authors: AWAN Z , TAHIR B , AWAN H , ASEED N , CHOHAN Z , TAHIR S
Published: March 2023

This Cross-sectional study was designed to determine the level of awareness of breast cancer screening and early detection techniques among trainee doctors of Multan. This research was conducted at the tertiary care hospital in Multan; from January 2019 to June 2019. The questionnaire included ten awareness questions, yielding a total score of 22 House officers/interns (HOs) and post-graduate trainees (PGRs) were included in the study. Frequencies for categorical variables, median (inter-quartile range) or mean for continuous variables, and Mann Whitney U-test as a test of significant (p<0.05) were used in SPSS for analysis.328 participants were included. The mean age was 25.5±2.5 years. Half (58.2%, n-191) were females, and a half (57.5%, n-190) were HOs. Of the PGRs, 66 were of surgery and allied, and 72 were of medicine and allied. The average awareness score was 18.3±1.9. Most (95.7%, n-314) were aware of breast cancer, and nearly two-thirds (69.8%, n-229) were aware of its screening protocols. Even though 91.2% (n-299) were aware of breast self-examination, only half (46%, n-151) knew how to perform it, a third (n-93, 28%) recommended it, and a fifth (n-63, 19%) recommended screening mammography to female patients regularly. Significantly higher median awareness scores were reported for females as compared to males (19 (3) vs. 18 (3), p-0.03), PGRs vs. HOs (19 (2.6) vs. 18 (2), p-0.02), and surgical PGRs compared to medicine PGRs (19 (2) vs. 18 (3), p-0.04).based on the results it can be concluded that the level of awareness in trainee doctors regarding breast cancer and its early detection techniques was adequate.
Economic Policy Uncertainty and Financial Innovation: Evidence from Commercial Bank in China
Authors: Yuan Chunhui , Sun Pengfei
Published: March 2023

The empirical results show that the rise of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) makes the level of financial innovation at banks significantly improve; that is, there is an incentive effect of EPU on financial innovation at banks. In addition, the degree of incentive-induced EPU for different types of banks is significantly different. Compared with listed banks, this incentive effect is more significant for non-listed banks; rural commercial banks are the most significant incentive, followed by urban commercial banks, and state-owned banks and joint-stock commercial banks are more robust. This shows that EPU has a selective effect on bank financial innovation. Moreover, the incentive effect of EPU on financial innovation activities is affected by the return on assets and the asset liquidity ratio of commercial banks, which further validates the selective effect of financial policy uncertainty on bank financial innovation.
Urgency and Mechanism of Structuring Regional Regulations with the Omnibus Law Method
Authors: Rijadi Prasetijo , Indey Marthen , Sujono Imam
Published: March 2023

Structuring regional regulations become necessary as more and more the disclosure of various regulatory problems in the region, both regarding with the amount and material of the load. In an effort to encourage structuring regulations in the regions, this article proposes the use of the omnibus method law in the formation of regional regulations through discussion of urgency and mechanisms the use of omnibus law in the formation of regional regulations. The omnibus law itself is a method or technique in the formation of legislation by establishing a rule to change, revoke, or pass several regulations at once. Method This is worthy of consideration for use in structuring local use regulations overcoming the large number of regional regulations and some of them are problematic in substance. At the local regulatory level, this method is also urgent in order to respond to the Employment Creation Act, which was previously established using the omnibus law method, considering this Law and its implementing regulations require improvements to the regional regulations so that synchronous and harmonious. The mechanism that can be taken is an inventory and analysis of several regional regulations with similar or cognate content to be later formed and compiled into one regional regulation. Various regional regulations whose cargo materials have been combined must be declared revoked and not applies again, in order to make it easier to use compared to just make changes or revoke some articles and insert several new articles as carried out in the Job Creation Law.
Organisasi Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara Dalam Peradilan di Indonesia
Authors: Malaka Zuman , Isa Abdullah
Published: March 2023

The judiciary is the executor of judicial power in charge of administering the judiciary in order to enforce law and justice based on Pancasila, with other tasks assigned to it based on the applicable law. In the framework of the rule of law, the existence of a state administrative court is essentially a logical consequence of the principle of government based on law (wetmatigheid van het bestuur). For the Indonesian people, the existence of this state administrative court is a court that is considered young, and contains provisions and procedural concepts that are universal. In state administrative law courts, of course, the principles of state administrative court procedures are needed which include the principle of activity, the principle of not knowing conversion, the principle of not knowing peace, the principle of presumtea iustaecausa, the principle of protection of the public interest.
Legal Politics of Affidavit Prohibited Marriage for Junior High School Student
Authors: Suhartono Slamet , Dillah Fahrizal , Sujono Imam
Published: March 2023

The background of the research was the existence of a statement letter prohibiting marriage for junior high school students in the city of Surakarta-Solo, which was later withdrawn by the school. The rules have been in effect for five years, the revocation is motivated by the wishes of the parents. The fact is that many junior high school children are now married. Through normative legal research methods, it examines problems regarding marriage prohibitions and then looks at the flow of legal politics policies that give birth to policies on the age limit for marriage. The discussion focuses on national legal politics regarding the age limit for marriage for men and women by looking at phenomena in the world of education. Judging from the minimum age, then like the government's anxiety regarding the world of education, the issuance of the Constitutional Court's decision was greeted by the issuance of a law to limit the age of marriage to nineteen years. Regulations in the form of laws regarding the limitation of the minimum age for marriage are basically not laws. If anyone seems to disagree with the rules, it is forbidden to marry at the junior high school level, which basically has the same goal, namely to anticipate early marriage.
Tindak Pidana Penganiayaan terhadap Hewan Perspektif Fikih Jinayah
Authors: Qamariah Zannuba , Halimatusyadiah Halimatusyadiah , Natun Dwi Us , Ahmad Sabarudin
Published: March 2023

Animals are often humans' pets, which are useful for playing, making friends, or acting as guardians. but some people actually use animals, exploit, abuse, and even kill them for certain interests. Currently, the problem of mistreatment of animals is increasingly apprehensive. Through information in various media, cases of mistreatment of animals can be identified. Islam as the majority religion in Indonesia teaches to be a mercy to the universe, including taking care of animals on earth. However, Indonesia is the country with the largest number of downloaders of animal abuse content in the world. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze these problems in the perspective of jurisprudence. The research method used is normative legal research with a statutory approach and analysis of Islamic legal theories. The results of this study indicate that the crime of mistreatment of animals in Indonesia is regulated in the Criminal Code (KUHP) Article 302 and Article 540, as well as Law Number 18 of 2009 as amended by Law Number 41 of 2014 concerning Animal Husbandry and Health. Animal abuse in jinayah fiqh is included in the jarimah ta'zir, in which the level and punishment is determined by the government (ulil amri).
A Study on the Motivation Levels and Problems in the Language Learning for the Higher Education Learners
Authors: Yılmaz Onur , Sahan Gulsun
Published: March 2023

Language builds social and economic connections within countries as the most effective communication tool. It has the potential to introduce new opportunities and helps the speakers become world citizens. Although second language teaching focuses more on early education in many countries, it is still crucial for university students to acquire a foreign language. Second language acquisition enables institutional cooperation not just on a domestic but also on an international scale, thus contributing significantly to universal and contemporary growth. This research aims to determine university students' motivations for learning a foreign language, identify the problems during the process, and offer solutions. For this purpose, the opinions of the German Language and Literature department students studying at a state university on language learning were evaluated by taking the "Motivation Scale in Language Learning" and semi-structured interview forms. This study relies on a mixed research method combining the quantitative and the qualitative. The findings point out that students have a good motivation to learn a language, and the motivations are the same regardless of age, gender, grade level, previous educational background, and parents' educational background. According to the findings, students' motivations are living abroad, cultural growth, curiosity, interest, love, and new technologies. On the other hand, the lack of sufficient incentives, linguistic challenge, feelings of inadequacy, and prejudices affect their motivation negatively.
Point of Care Ultrasound of the Respiratory System in the Critically Ill
Authors:   , Haaksma Mark Evert
Published: March 2023

Part I of this thesis revolved around various aspects of lung ultrasound in a critical care setting. Given the high prevalence of pulmonary pathology on the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), diagnostic tools to assess the lungs are of great importance. While tools such as chest X-ray, CT or indwelling catheters (pulmonary artery catheter and pulse contour cardiac output catheter) play an important role, they come with drawbacks of invasive- ness, high patient burden, risk of complications and necessity for patient transport. As POCUS (Point Of Care UltraSound) suffers significantly less from these limitations, it was quickly adopted on the ICU after it had been shown to be an accurate diagnostic tool on the emergency ward. While this seemed like an ideal continuation of its use in lung pathology, fundamental issues limited simple translation: epidemiological characteris- tics differ, normal pulmonary physiology is disturbed by positive pressure ventilation and location of pathology is influenced by gravity and differs between ambulatory and in-hospital patients.

In Part II of this thesis, the focus shifted from the lung towards the diaphragm. Force generating capacity of the diaphragm was recognized to play a prominent role in lib- erating patients from mechanical ventilation. As such, tools to quantify function were deemed of importance. POCUS was being hypothesized to be a viable tool in this regard, but evidence was still scarce. As such, this part was started with a literature review of the available evidence in chapter 5. The result was a concise overview with recommen- dations for applications in clinical practice. Interestingly, important variability between study methodology was observed, ranging from choice and positioning of transducer, to caliper placement for thickness measurements.

In essence, Part III was the synthesis of the knowledge acquired in the previous parts of this thesis. Integration of information about various components of the respiratory system, allows for a much more detailed and targeted response to questions of respira- tory pathology. Especially in a critical care setting, where clinical problems are rarely unifactorial, the diagnostic and therapeutic approach should match their multifaceted aspects. POCUS offers flexibility as required by the situation and the clinical context. The question whether a patient has pneumonia can be answered with a simple and swift examination of only a few pulmonary areas, while elucidating the causes of extubation failure can be done through focused assessment of various contributing components, including heart, lungs, diaphragm and abdominal processes.
CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A PREVALÊNCIA DO AUTISMO NO BRASIL: UMA REFLEXÃO SOBRE INCLUSÃO E POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS
Authors: Freire Juliana Marques de Souza , Nogueira Gisele Silva
Published: March 2023

O presente artigo pretende analisar a prevalência do autismo na população brasileira e trazer luz sobre a necessidade da adequada mensuração da mesma. Para tanto, utilizou-se de pesquisa qualitativa e quantitativa, bem como revisão bibliográfica atualizada, apoiando-se nos estudos mais recentes realizados no país mais avançado em termos estatísticos sobre o tema, os Estados Unidos. Como resultado, estimou-se uma amplitude de mais de 5 milhões de pessoas, além de suas famílias, que podem não estar recebendo a devida atenção. Com o agravante de que a correta identificação da condição é elemento primordial para o dimensionamento das políticas públicas.
INFLUÊNCIA DO SUBSTRATO NA PROPAGAÇÃO CLONAL POR MINIESTAQUIA DE DUAS VARIEDADES DE FICUS BENJAMINA L.
Authors: Dias Izabel dos Santos , Arriel Eder Ferreira , Cadête Alexandre da Silva , Freire Antônio Lucineudo de Oliveira , Ferreira Cheila Deisy , Dos Santos Mateus Macena , Barros Matheus Trindade , De França George Martins
Published: March 2023

O Ficus benjamina  L. é uma espécie que possui características ornamentais, é bastante  cultivada em parques, jardins e arborização urbana, sendo tolerante a podas. Essa espécie é uma das árvores exóticas mais cultivadas no sudeste do Brasil. A obtenção de mudas seminais   dessa planta não é possível na região semiárida, sendo necessário a utilização de técnicas de propagação clonal para sua multiplicação. O substrato e a técnica de multiplicação clonal são fatores muito importantes para a produção de mudas de qualidade, pois influencia na iniciação e enraizamento das espécies. Neste sentido, este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar um substrato comercial  a ser utilizado como tratamento testemunha em pesquisas futuras nas quais serão utilizados substratos alternativos e, se a técnica clonal por miniestaquia tem potencial para ser adotada para a propagação de mudas de Ficus benjamina L. Inicialmente  foi estabelecido um minijardim clonal de duas variedades da espécie como fonte de propágulos vegetativos para a instalação dos experimentos. Os substratos comerciais utilizados foram Tropstrato® e o Basaplant®. As miniestacas de cada variedade foram confeccionadas com o comprimento de 10 cm, com redução da área foliar da miniestaca. A partir dos 70 dias após o plantio as miniestacas foram transferidas para a casa de sombra e aos 112 dias o experimento foi finalizado. Para cada variedade foi instalado um experimento que foram dispostos em Delineamento Inteiramente Casualizados com dois tratamentos e seis repetições. Cada parcela foi constituída de nove miniestacas, resultando em um experimento para cada variedade constituído por 108 miniestacas. Aos 70 e 112 dias foram analisados dados de sobrevivência e no final o enraizamento e a agregação das  raízes no substrato. Semanalmente, até aos 112 dias, foram coletados dados de raízes observadas na extremidade inferior do tubete. A técnica de miniestaquia mostrou ter grande potencial para a produção de mudas das duas variedades e, ambos os substratos são recomendados como tratamento testemunha para pesquisas utilizando a técnica de miniestaquia em Ficus benjamina L.
AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT BASED ON CRISPR-CAS9 AND RETRONs TECHNIQUES: A PERSPECTIVE APPLICATION ON TOMATO
Authors: HIEU P.V. , TOAN T.B.
Published: March 2023

Plant breeding has recently become a vital process in developing desired crop plants. Advances in genetic engineering occur more quickly than ever, with several crops generally created through traditional and modern techniques resulting in increased biomass and phytochemical compounds and adapted to the detrimental environment, such as biotic and abiotic stresses. More precisely, thousands of plant species gained enhancements suitable to various climatic and topographic conditions through genome editing; hence, people’s dreams soon became a reality by implementing biotechnology to study many well-established fundamental grounds. Beliefs that biotechnology will progressively develop are happening in various aspects of modern sciences for crop development to be implemented based on genetic material. Besides the aforementioned benefits, this review manuscript will describe the progress of genome editing like CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated protein 9) with its modification and Retrons in crops and then determine its beneficial effects, which are more valuable through the application of these methods in crop development. The review further aims to assess the perspective application of CRISPR-Cas9 in the development strategies of virus-resistant tomatoes.