bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Previous use of quinolones was not significantly correlated with antibiotic-induced carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli in China: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Chen Jing , Xiang Qian , Wu Jia-yu , Cai Min-hong , Wang Chen , Wei Dao-qiong , Wang Hui , Lv Yu
Published: February 2020

Background: Increasing resistance to carbapenem, particularly common in Gram-negative bacilli (GNB), has become a growing public health concern around the world. The objective of this study was to investigate risk factors associated with antibiotic-induced carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) among inpatients. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in one of the largest tertiary A-level hospitals including patients with GNB cultured from any of the clinical specimens who had been admitted for more than 2 calendar days from January 2017 to June 2019. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard model were used to estimate the hazard of CR-GNB induction by antibiotics.Results: 2490 patients including 7 cohorts were included. After cox proportional risk model analysis, carbapenem, β-lactamase inhibitor, and cephalosporin had significantly higher hazards than other types of antimicrobial (P<0.001). But even without using any antimicrobials, the hazard would increase with the length of hospital stay. On multivariate analysis, carbapenem was the most principal hazard factor for antibiotic-induced CR-GNB (hazard ratio [HR], 2.968; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.706～5.162), followed by ICU admission (HR, 1.815; 95% CI, 1.507～2.186), cephalosporin (HR, 1.605; 95% CI, 1.288～1.999), tracheotomy (HR, 1.563; 95% CI, 1.251～1.952) and β-lactamase inhibitor (HR, 1.542; 95% CI, 1.237～1.921). However, quinolone effects on antibiotic-induced CR-GNB were not statistically significant. Conclusions: Prior carbapenem was a strongly risk factor for antibiotic-induced CR-GNB, but quinolone was not associated with that. Rational use of carbapenems should be implemented and antimicrobial stewardship policies should be adjusted according to the characteristics of each hospital.
High perioperative risk patients: two approaches to stratification. Review
Authors: Zabolotskikh Igor B. , Trembach N. V.
Published: February 2020

Despite the successes of modern medicine, surgical interventions have not become absolutely safe, so far the prevalence of postoperative complications and mortality remain high, and postoperative mortality came in third place among the causes of death after coronary heart disease and stroke. The problem of perioperative risk assessment constantly attracts the attention of specialists, since the identification of high-risk patients is the basis for the prevention of an adverse outcome. Nevertheless, despite its importance, the problem is far from being solved. This review focuses on two approaches to risk stratification: mortality risk assessment and complications risk assessment. The analysis of the literature shows how contradictory both these approaches are: the absence of generally accepted definitions of mortality and complications, the diversity of criteria for the allocation of high risk — all these leads to the absence of a single idea of high perioperative risk. Current risk assessment systems have significant limitations and low predictive value. Nevertheless, there has been progress in the standardization of risk stratification studies over the past decade: common definitions are emerging, national registers are being created — all this gives hope for improving the quality of the risk assessment.
Preparation of three-dimensional fiber-network chitosan films for the efficient treatment of uranium-contaminated effluents
Authors: Wang Ying , Li Yanxiang , Li Lei , Kong Fangong , Lin Song , Wang Zaiqian , Li Wangliang
Published: February 2020

A fiber-network chitosan film with three-dimensional interconnected structure was prepared in an alkali/urea solution and regenerated from an ethanol/water coagulation solution. The surface morphology and structure were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption-desorption, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Batch adsorption for uranium U(VI) was conducted to investigate the effects of pH, contact time and initial uranium concentration on adsorption capacity. The adsorption of CS-80% was in good agreement with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm model. The three-dimensional interconnected structure provided more active sites and favored the diffusion of uranium solute, and therefore enhanced the adsorption capacity. The maximum adsorption capacity at pH 5 was 196.735 mg/g. The adsorption mechanism was attributed to chelation and coordination of uranium with -NH2 and -OH groups on chitosan molecules.
Monoclonal Antibodies: A Prospective and Retrospective View
Authors: Sivaccumar Jwala , Sandomenico Annamaria , Vitagliano Luigi , Ruvo Menotti
Published: February 2020

Background:

Monoclonal Antibodies (mAbs) represent one of the most important classes
of biotherapeutic agents. They are used to cure many diseases, including cancer, autoimmune diseases,
cardiovascular diseases, angiogenesis-related diseases and, more recently also haemophilia. They
can be highly varied in terms of format, source, and specificity to improve efficacy and to obtain
more targeted applications. This can be achieved by leaving substantially unchanged the basic structural
components for paratope clustering.

Objectives:

The objective was to trace the most relevant findings that have deserved prestigious
awards over the years, to report the most important clinical applications and to emphasize their latest
emerging therapeutic trends.

Results:

We report the most relevant milestones and new technologies adopted for antibody development.
Recent efforts in generating new engineered antibody-based formats are briefly reviewed.
The most important antibody-based molecules that are (or are going to be) used for pharmacological
practice have been collected in useful tables.

Conclusions:

The topics here discussed prove the undisputed role of mAbs as innovative biopharmaceuticals
molecules and as vital components of targeted pharmacological therapies.
Association between Selected Food Purchase Practices, Physical Activity and Sociodemographic Factors among People Living in a Low Socioeconomic Peri-Urban and Rural Area of South Africa
Authors: Onagbiye Sunday O. , Lungiswa Tsolekile , Thandi Puoane
Published: February 2020

Introduction:

This study examined the association between sociodemographic factors, Physical Activity (PA) engagement, and the selected Food Purchasing Practices (FPP) among people living in a low socioeconomic peri-urban and rural area of two provinces of South Africa.

Methodology:

Four hundred participants were randomly selected from two communities, a township in Cape Town and a rural community in the Eastern Cape where the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiological (PURE) study was implemented. Data collected included socio-demographic characteristics, FPP and PA. Logistic regressions were performed to identify the associations between sociodemographic factors, PA involvement and selected FPP, and Odds Ratios (OR) were calculated with 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs). All statistical tests were two-tailed at p<0.05.

Results:

A large percent, 76.3% were females and 23.8% were males. Compared to participants aged ≥55 years, those within the age range of 25-54 years were more likely to travel with motorised transport (OR= 4.7; 95% CI=2.6, 8.3; p < 0.001) compared to walking to grocery shop. None-to-low education and with monthly income of <R2000 were more likely to purchase groceries at the supermarkets (OR= 2.7; 95% CI=1.4, 5.0; p < 0.05) and (OR= 2.4; 95% CI=1.1, 5.1; p < 0.05) compared to spaza or small informal food shop, respectively, while those who engage in PA were less likely to purchase groceries at the supermarkets (OR= 0.36; 95% CI=0.2, 0.8; p < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Some demographic factors and PA have an influence on FPP among people living in a low socioeconomic peri-urban and rural area of two provinces of South Africa. This might be an area to be focused on for public health interventions which could be directed at supporting adequate FPP among people, especially in low socio-economic areas.
A Mini-review of the Computational Methods Used in Identifying RNA 5- Methylcytosine Sites
Authors: Li Jianwei , Huang Yan , Zhou Yuan
Published: February 2020

RNA 5-methylcytosine (m5C) is one of the pillars of post-transcriptional modification
(PTCM). A growing body of evidence suggests that m5C plays a vital role in RNA metabolism. Accurate
localization of RNA m5C sites in tissue cells is the premise and basis for the in-depth understanding
of the functions of m5C. However, the main experimental methods of detecting m5C sites are limited
to varying degrees. Establishing a computational model to predict modification sites is an excellent
complement to wet experiments for identifying m5C sites. In this review, we summarized some
available m5C predictors and discussed the characteristics of these methods.
Спектрофотометрическая характеристика конъюгатов иммуноглобулинов для диагностики возбудителей особо опасных инфекций
Authors: Спицын А.Н. , Уткин Д.В. , Киреев М.Н. , Овчинникова М.В. , Кузнецов О.С. , Ерохин П.С. , Кочубей В.И.
Published: February 2020

The possibility of using spectrophotometric analysis to characterize fluorescent immunoglobulins as a control method was considered. A comparative analysis of the optical properties of fluorescent immunoglobulin preparations and their constituent components - immunoglobulins, fluorochrome was carried out. The results suggest that the proposed methodological approach of optical detection of labeled immunoglobulin molecules is promising for controlling the preparation of conjugates used in the formulation of immunological reactions to identify specific antigens of pathogens of particularly dangerous infections.
Protecting Men Who Have Sex With Men From HIV Infection With an mHealth App for Partner Notification: Observational Study
Authors: Yan Xiangyu , Lu Zuhong , Zhang Bo , Li Yongjie , Tang Wenjun , Zhang Lingling , Jia Zhongwei
Published: February 2020

Background

Traditional partner notification methods have been implemented for HIV-infected patients, as well as HIV treatment, in order to identify people at risk of HIV infection, especially men who have sex with men (MSM), since they are more likely to have casual sex partners. These traditional methods have some limitations.

Objective

Our study focused on developing an mHealth app to improve partner notification in practice for MSM; the study then focused on evaluating the effects of the app.

Methods

We developed an mHealth app with different modules using Java and HTML5 and tested it in an MSM community to prevent HIV transmission. The HIV incidence stratified by different follow-up periods were calculated. Poisson regression and social networks were used to estimate the risk ratios and to identify the connection among MSM, respectively.

Results

In addition to the partner notification module, which is the kernel of the app, we developed a test result self-query module to enable MSM to get their approved test results in a timely manner, a prompt and warning module to alert users to protect themselves from high-risk conditions, and a health education module to teach users more skills regarding HIV/AIDS prevention. Over a 1-year duration, a total of 3186 MSM used the app, of which 678 had at least two HIV test results since becoming app users; they were included in the final analysis. Among 678 users, a total of 6473 self-queries and 623 partner notifications were recorded, which identified 180 social networks of MSM app users. Those who used the partner notification function were more likely to have self-queries (P<.001). The 678 MSM app users covered 296.47 person-years and contributed to 20 HIV seroconversions; the cumulative HIV infection incidence was estimated as 6.75 per 100 person-years (95% CI 4.38-10.01). We found that the longer the app was used, the lower the HIV incidence (>5 months vs ≤5 months: 2.22 per 100 person-years vs 6.99 per 100 person-years; risk ratio 0.32, 95% CI 0.12- 0.87).

Conclusions

The app developed in this study is consistent with the World Health Organization’s sensitivity and confidentiality recommendations; it has the potential to reduce the risk of HIV infection among MSM.
Translating Clinical Questions by Physicians Into Searchable Queries: Analytical Survey Study
Authors: Seguin Aurélie , Haynes Robert Brian , Carballo Sebastian , Iorio Alfonso , Perrier Arnaud , Agoritsas Thomas
Published: February 2020

Background

Staying up to date and answering clinical questions with current best evidence from health research is challenging. Evidence-based clinical texts, databases, and tools can help, but clinicians first need to translate their clinical questions into searchable queries. MacPLUS FS (McMaster Premium LiteratUre Service Federated Search) is an online search engine that allows clinicians to explore multiple resources simultaneously and retrieves one single output that includes the following: (1) evidence from summaries (eg, UpToDate and DynaMed), (2) preappraised research (eg, EvidenceAlerts), and (3) non-preappraised research (eg, PubMed), with and without validated bibliographic search filters. MacPLUS FS can also be used as a laboratory to explore clinical questions and evidence retrieval.

Objective

Our primary objective was to examine how clinicians formulate their queries on a federated search engine, according to the population, intervention, comparison, and outcome (PICO) framework. Our secondary objective was to assess which resources were accessed by clinicians to answer their questions.

Methods

We performed an analytical survey among 908 clinicians who used MacPLUS FS in the context of a randomized controlled trial on search retrieval. Recording account log-ins and usage, we extracted all 1085 queries performed during a 6-month period and classified each search term according to the PICO framework. We further categorized queries into background (eg, “What is porphyria?”) and foreground questions (eg, “Does treatment A work better than B?”). We then analyzed the type of resources that clinicians accessed.

Results

There were 695 structured queries, after exclusion of meaningless queries and iterations of similar searches. We classified 56.5% (393/695) of these queries as background questions and 43.5% (302/695) as foreground questions, the majority of which were related to questions about therapy (213/695, 30.6%), followed by diagnosis (48/695, 6.9%), etiology (24/695, 3.5%), and prognosis (17/695, 2.5%). This distribution did not significantly differ between postgraduate residents and medical faculty physicians (P=.51). Queries included a median of 3 search terms (IQR 2-4), most often related to the population and intervention or test, rarely related to the outcome, and never related to the comparator. About half of the resources accessed (314/610, 51.5%) were summaries, 24.4% (149/610) were preappraised research, and 24.1% were (147/610) non-preappraised research.

Conclusions

Our results, from a large sample of real-life queries, could guide the development of educational interventions to improve clinicians’ retrieval skills, as well as inform the design of more useful evidence-based resources for clinical practice.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02038439; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02038439
López Portillo Tostado, Felícitas, El gobierno Militar de Manuel A. Odría en Perú (1948-1956): un vistazo diplomático. México, UNAM-CIALC, 2017.
Authors: Andújar de Jesús Eusebio
Published: February 2020

Reseña de libro
Optimization of Dentition Measurements in Orthodontic Practice
Authors: Katbeh I. , Kosyreva T. F. , Tuturov N. S. , Birukov A. S.
Published: February 2020

Orthodontic treatment planning is a practice that depends on the accuracy of teeth and dental arches’ size measurement. The purpose of the study is to compare the accuracy and the duration of teeth and dental arches’ measurement, utilizing different approaches from conventional plaster models to virtual 3D models obtained by intraoral and extraoral scanners. Fifteen patients were included in the study (7 males, 8 females, mean age 21.7 ± 0.7 years), with a moderate anterior teeth crowding and class I Angle’s classification of malocclusion. Plaster models, as well as virtual 3D scans were obtained by intraoral and extraoral scanners prior to the orthodontic treatment, crown sizes of incisors, transverse and longitudinal sizes of dentitions, as well as the length of dental arches’ segments were measured, the duration of each measurement was also evaluated. Material and Methods: groups were allocated according to the four different ways the measurements were obtained: 1) biometric measurements on plaster models of the jaws; 2) virtual 3D data of the dentition using intraoral scanner; 3) 3D scanning data of plaster models; 4) 3D scanning data of silicone impressions. Results: The differences between the same type of measurements using a 3D scanner and measurements on plaster models when compared to the same control points in the oral cavity were, on average, 0.3 ± 0.01 mm. The time required to work with plaster models compared to the time taken to obtain virtual models on a 3D scanner was significantly greater, respectively, 15.3 ± 0.7 min. and 5.1 ± 0.2 min. Thus, 3D scanning is the most accurate standardized method for assessing the size of teeth and dental arches with shorter duration of manipulations, although it requires laboratory equipment and certain manual skills.
“Right Turn” in Turkey in the European Context
Authors: Avatkov Vladimir Alekseevich , Ryzhenkov Andrej Sergeevich
Published: February 2020

The second decade of the 21st century is often described as the time of a new rise of right nationalist and right populist parties all over the world. The rising presence of big right factions in European parliaments makes experts talk about a “right turn” phenomenon. At the same time Turkey, a country that unites in itself both European and Middle Eastern political and civilizational specifics, is witnessing an apparently similar process to occur. The authors of the article analyze the reasons of right parties’ success in Europe and conditions that provide popularity for the right wing. Primarily, this success has been associated with an inner structural crisis of the European Union, which was acknowledged by the general public following the 2015 migration crisis. The authors mostly focus on the 2018 parliament elections in Turkey, which gave the majority of seats to right and center-right parties. They also survey the history and the place of nationalism in the country’s political system, and investigate the reasons making the Turkish political elites to turn to the nationalistic ideology at present. The authors conclude that in spite of a formal similarity in the observed political processes and the literal congruence of some of the reasons that have determined the right rise in Europe and Turkey, we shouldn’t consider the right wing’s successes in the Republic of Turkey and in the European Union to be the parts of the same global process, as their endogenous causes differ.
The E-Course Multimodal Content, Its Specific Structure and Teaching Affordances
Authors: Galchuk Larisa M.
Published: February 2020

The article presents the results obtained through the study of the multimodal segment within the Moodle-based training course in terms of its speciﬁc features and aﬀordances for creating an innovative system of vocationally oriented foreign language teaching in nonlinguistic Master’s degree programmes. There is a need to research the functionality of the e-course semiotically diﬀerent constituents when they co-occur and specify their contribution to the eﬃcient presentation and perception of the learning content in digitally supported language classroom, which makes the research relevant. It envisaged identifying a set of multimodal resources and elements within the e-course, examining the image - text relations in terms of logico-semantics, specifying the teaching properties and aﬀordances of such multicode combinations and assessing their learning eﬀect through the students’ grade report as well as their feedback on the satisfaction with the multimedia learning content. The obtained results conﬁrm that the e-course multimodal resources and elements derive their synergistic eﬀect in terms of meaning and function from the complex interaction of the diﬀerent modes constituting them. The digital nature of the multimodal learning content provides it with a set of speciﬁc properties such as multimedia, interactivity, nonlinear information ﬂow, informativeness and gamiﬁcation that when apply in teaching may contribute to creating eﬀective online vocationally oriented foreign language learning environments. The speciﬁcation of text - image combination patterns in formal and semantic terms and teaching aﬀordances of their non-verbal constituents in online language classroom adds novelty to this paper.
Usual and Individual Authorial Functioning of Lexemes “Dream” and “Reverie” in Igor-Severyanin’s Poetry
Authors: Shliakhova Galina I.
Published: February 2020

The article contains the analysis of the mental sphere lexis in Igor-Severianin’s poetry. The lexemes “dream”, “reverie” belong to mental field and represent leitmotifs, sense-making components of the ego-futurist’s literature. The frequency of their use in Severianin’s poetic texts is several times higher than is modern Russian language, which allows to notice their particular role. Moreover, the comparison of contextual and usual (dictionary) meaning shows that in poems the word-picture acquires new senses and expands the semantic field. This is visibly demonstrated by the examples of author’s use given in the article. The mental sphere lexemes help to perceive Igor-Severianin’s individual style as well as his worldview that reflects principles of ego-futurism, the literary movement aestheticizing reality and bringing human imagination into the foreground.
Graphically Loanword from the Japanese Language in Modern Chinese Language
Authors: Denisenko Vladimir N. , Ke Zhang
Published: February 2020

This article is devoted to the study of Japanese loanwords in Chinese and their classification. Particular attention is paid to the lexical units in writing in Chinese characters, coming from the Japanese language as graphic loanwords in modern Chinese and Japanese, popular on the Chinese-language Internet. The material of the study is loanwords of Japanese origin, selected from dictionaries and scientific works on this topic, as well as word usage in messages on Russian and Chinese Internet forums. We distinguish between two types of Japanese loanwords in Chinese according to how they are borrowed: phonetic and graphic borrowed words. Graphic borrowed from the Japanese language, including the actual Japanese words spelled in Chinese characters, and words created by the Japanese using Chinese characters to convey tokens of other languages, as well as the words of the ancient Chinese language, rethought by the Japanese to create terms, then returned back to modern Chinese language, constitute a characteristic group of graphic loanwords in Chinese.
Elements of Incorporation in the Russian Commercial Naming
Authors: Perfilieva Natalia V. , Galankina Inna I.
Published: February 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of word formation incorporation in the Russian language. Incorporation is understood as the merger of two or more words into one morphological whole without the participation of word-forming formants, in which the value of the derivative is transformed in relation to the values of the original words. The derivatives of incorporation are called incorporation complexes. Components of incorporated complexes are classified as quasi-morphemes, which are special elements that do not correspond to the classical notion of lexical or word-forming units. A review of scientific papers on incorporation in the languages of the world demonstrates different approaches to this phenomenon and terminological differences in its definition. Incorporation has been a subject of study for more than a century as an essential characteristic of polysynthetic and analytical languages. In relation to inflectional Russian, this phenomenon has not been systematically described, which determines the relevance of the study and its analysis in this article. This linguistic phenomenon in the Russian language is relatively recent and, of course, requires scientific evaluation. The authors set a goal to determine the boundaries of word-formation incorporation in the Russian language and its differences from similar derivational models. The article considers the incorporation on the basis of the Russian commercial name. The material is collected by the method of continuous sampling from Internet sites. Incoporation complexes are selected among commercial names or ergonyms, which are signs of grocery stores, restaurants, cafes and other commercial establishments. As a result of the research, the classification of ergonyms formed according to the incorporated word-formation model in the modern Russian language is developed. The study is of great interest, as it offers an analysis of the trend actively developing in inflectional Russian. The method of contrastive analysis is used to compare similar examples from modern English. Lexical units from the English language have become the object of study, as the models of word formation of the English language are borrowed together with words. A significant group of examples of Russian ergonyms with borrowed components, among which English-language segments predominate, is also highlighted. The presence of incorporation in the Russian language, in particular, in commercial naming is considered as proof of the universality of certain linguistic phenomena in word formation.
A Biblioteca Pública como um empório de ideias: evidências do seu lugar na sociedade contemporânea
Authors: Lessa Bruna , Gomes Henriette Ferreira
Published: February 2020

Estudo crítico da literatura da área da Biblioteconomia. Ciência da Informação e Sociologia para reflexão do papel social da biblioteca pública na contemporaneidade, com o objetivo de identificar e analisar sua função de mediadora cultural e da informação. Ao refletir sobre a mediação cultural, suas implicações sociais e conceituais, situa a biblioteca pública como espaço social dessa ação ao realizar a mediação da informação. Discutindo as possibilidades de atuação da biblioteca pública, aponta seu potencial transformador ao representar um espaço de encontro e de diálogo em meio a diversidade cultural e de dispositivos tecnológicos, que diversificam o modo de produção e circulação dos bens culturais, passando a se caracterizar como uma espécie de “empório de ideias”, que também deve permitir o conforto da permanência do usuário. Conclui que a biblioteca pública na atualidade é convidada a repensar sua atuação enquanto espaço de mediação da informação que tanto preserva a memória social quanto oferece as condições para a criatividade e produção cultural, assegurando que o respeito à diferença seja o motor do protagonismo social e do respeito e exercício da cidadania.
Ethics of information in tge Digital Age
Authors: Paletta Francisco Carlos , Da Silva Armando Manuel Barreiros
Published: February 2020

This study aims to present partial results on the research project Tecnologia da Informação em Biblioteca Digital e Sistemas Abertos – Estudos de Usuário da Informação na Web de Dados (Information Technology in Digital Library and Open Systems – Studies on Users of Information on Data Web), conducted by the School of Communications and Arts from University of São Paulo in cooperation with the Faculty of Letters of the University of Porto. The study presents reflections on ethical dimensions that accompany the current digital era. It discusses the importance of understanding the demands of the information user in the Data Web, with a view to teach a course named Ethics of Information at undergraduate programs in Librarianship, Archivology, Museology, and Information Science, which condenses these reflections and problems, Developing skills for an ethical action in the formation of the information professional in the network society.
O caráter implícito da mediação da informação
Authors: Santos Neto João Arlindo dos , Almeida Júnior Oswaldo Francisco de
Published: February 2020

Discute o caráter implícito da mediação da informação no âmbito de trabalho do bibliotecário, a partir de embasamento teórico e da análise do discurso de profissionais que atuam em uma biblioteca universitária. Aborda os aspectos conceituais do termo mediação da informação a partir de diferentes perspectivas, mas principalmente sob a ótica das pesquisas da Ciência da Informação e apresenta possibilidades de mediação implícita, dando ênfase a interferência realizada pelo profissional da informação. Possui caráter teórico, abordagem qualitativa, natureza exploratória e quanto ao método caracteriza-se como pesquisa bibliográfica e de campo. Como resultados apresenta o panorama da mediação implícita, as dimensões sociais, éticas e informacionais presentes nessa mediação e que estão pautadas no fazer do bibliotecário. Conclui que a mediação implícita da informação é pouco lembrada e discutida nas investigações da área, enquanto a mediação explícita é mais investigada e debatida.
Modelo conceitual DILAM: integração entre arquivos, bibliotecas e museus
Authors: Simionato Ana Carolina , Santos Plácida Leopoldina Ventura Amorim da Costa
Published: February 2020

Os princípios descritivos em arquivos, bibliotecas e museus apresentam diferenças metodológicas condizentes as formas de representação de seus recursos principalmente em relação às imagens digitais. Dessa forma, questiona-se como promover a integração dos contextos da Arquivologia, Biblioteconomia e Museologia para o recurso imagético digital? A integração entre os contextos é uma proposta que busca a convergência dos dados da imagem tratada na Arquivologia, Biblioteconomia e Museologia, beneficiando a recuperação e localização dos recursos pelo usuário. O meio digital com os princípios descritivos dos contextos arquivístico, biblioteconômico e museológico são fatores que subsidiam a construção de um modelo conceitual. Sendo assim, objetivo desse trabalho é expor o desenvolvimento do modelo conceitual Digital Images for Libraries, Archives and Museums (DILAM) enfatizando as suas entidades e os atributos responsáveis pela integração aos contextos e ao recurso imagético digital. Por meio de uma pesquisa teórica aplicada e exploratória, os resultados apresentaram um modelo conceitual, representando entidades e atributos e seus grupos referentes a imagem digital. Considera-se que essa estrutura é apresentada no diagrama da integração aplicável no ambiente digital que bibliotecas, arquivos e museus possam cooperar a partir do reuso dos dados e assim, reduzindo o retrabalho da descrição dos recursos imagéticos digitais.
La evolución del debate televisivo como herramienta de comunicación política. Análisis del caso español: de la televisión a Twitter
Authors: Ruiz del Olmo Francisco Javier , Bustos Díaz Javier
Published: February 2020

La confrontación política en los medios comunicativos durante las campañas electorales, y las diversas formas de comunicación política han sufrido una profunda trasformación. La forma de hacer campaña y gestionar la misma supone un reto singular para partidos y candidatos, ya que las nuevas prácticas de recepción y generación de contenidos por parte de las audiencias, así como la creciente importancia del papel difusor de las redes sociales, están cambiando la forma de entender la comunicación política. En España, tras la celebración de un primer debate televisado en 1993, la sociedad española estuvo 15 años sin nuevos referentes visuales, hasta que en 2008 se comenzaran a realizar de nuevo y de forma habitual en todas las campañas venideras. El presente trabajo recoger y analiza la evolución de los debates políticos televisivos que han tenido lugar en España, entre los principales candidatos a la Presidencia del Gobierno, mostrando cómo se forja la comunicación política en la esfera pública televisiva democrática, hasta su simbiosis con las nuevas herramientas de comunicación digital como la red social Twitter, que permiten al ciudadano la generación de contenidos y el debate político público.
Eventos na Ciência da Informação: Agenda 2017 no Brasil
Authors: Freire Gustavo Henrique de Araújo , Freire Isa Maria
Published: February 2020

Editorial do n.2 do v.27 de 2017.
Um método de sumarização automática de textos através de dados estatísticos e Processamento de Linguagem Natural
Authors: Souza Osvaldo de , Tabosa Hamilton Rodrigues , Oliveira Davi Martins de , Oliveira Mayra Helena de Souza
Published: February 2020

Este artigo discute a mediação da informação em relação à sumarização automática de textos, examina técnicas de processamento de linguagem natural (PLN), e analisa o uso de técnicas de processamento de texto baseadas em métodos estatísticos de ocorrência de palavras do português brasileiro. Contextualiza o termo sumarização à Ciência da Informação. Propõe e apresenta um método de produção automática de sumários de textos baseado em técnicas de PLN e métodos estatísticos de uso de palavras. Para cada uma dessas técnicas, analisa e exemplifica, e oportunamente, apresenta as equações que governam o uso de tais técnicas. Como resultados obtidos na pesquisa, destaca-se um inédito corpus anotado, composto por aproximadamente meio milhão de palavras do português brasileiro, além dos resultados médios obtidos com os testes empíricos da ferramenta de sumarização, que indicam uma redução da dimensionalidade, para textos com até 500 palavras, da ordem de 53%. A análise geral dos achados da pesquisa indica que os resultados são promissores quanto à capacidade de redução e a preservação do valor semântico dos textos.
The metaphorical dimension of LGBTQ Information: Challenges for its subject representation
Authors: Guimarães José Augusto Chaves , Nascimento Francisco Arrais , Pinho Fabio Assis
Published: February 2020

Having language as a practice of signification, permeating every system of representation that subsidizes forms of resistance and escape lines, one has the possibility of visualizing the processes by which the identities of the subjects are constructed, leading us to think The performativity. It is proposed to enter the sphere of the gender discussions, under the gore of the discourse, being situated theoretically-methodologically in a discursive-deconstructionist perspective, resorting to Foucaultian-based poststructuralist studies, in addition to the relation with queer theorizations, in the form of documentary research of an exploratory nature based on 25 minutes published between 2006 and 2013 by two Non-Governmental Organizations - NGOs in the Cariri Cearense region of Northeast Brazil. The objective was to understand the contribution of the Knowledge Organization - KO in the representation of the discursive practices of the LGBTQ universe. Guiding the research under the contributions of Albrechtsen and Hjørland (1995), Hjørland (1997, 1999, 2002), Tennis (2012) and Guimarães (2008) in the scope of Information Science. In addition to the contributions of the work of Foucault and studies of representation and linguistics. Finally, the results revealed that the themes of the LGBTQ discursive community constitute a complex and highly metaphorical universe, much owed to the marginal conditions that refer to the history of this area, with strong prejudices about sexual practices. This situation demands a greater ethical concern with the indexation and classification systems, so that they can represent all the thematic wealth of the domain, from the documents of the subjects and the communities able to lead the understanding and search of identities that surround them.
Políticas públicas de informação e Bibliotecas Escolares: panorama brasileiro
Authors: Neves Barbara Coelho , Aguiar Niliane Cunha
Published: February 2020

O estudo apresenta um levantamento das políticas públicas de informação no Brasil que ofereceram contribuições para a área da Biblioteconomia Escolar.  Por meio de levantamento bibliográfico e observação sistemática, propõe reflexões sobre os aspectos teóricos que abrangem os conceitos relacionados às políticas públicas de informação e destaca o panorama das políticas públicas de informação brasileiras que se encontram em processo de desenvolvimento. Propõe o exame dos interessados pelas temáticas políticas públicas de informação e Biblioteconomia Escolar acerca da necessária mobilização destes, tanto para a promoção e desenvolvimento de tais políticas, quanto para a reinvindicação da plena execução em benefício da sociedade.
Normalização de Descrição Arquivística aplicada no Fundo Documental da Secretaria de Cultura do Município de Londrina
Authors: Costa Eliandro dos Santos , Madio Telma Campanha de Carvalho
Published: February 2020

Este artigo apresenta o resultado de um estudo de caso realizado junto à Secretaria de Cultura do Município de Londrina (SCML), órgão vinculado à Prefeitura Municipal (PML) e desenvolvido com a adoção do software ICA-AtoM como recurso para aplicação das normas de descrição arquivística. Para aplicação dessas normas, optou-se pela descrição da entidade produtora SCML (1ª), da função Registro do Patrimônio Arquitetônico e Histórico (RPAH) (2ª) e da série documental Registros Arquitetônicos (RA) (3ª). Para essas descrições arquivísticas foram utilizadas, respectivamente, as seguintes normas: 1ª) ISAAR-CPF e ODA; 2ª) ISDF; e 3ª)NOBRADE e ODA. Adotou-se ainda pesquisa bibliográfica, documental, exploratória e de natureza aplicada e qualitativa. As descrições obtidas foram registradas e difundidas no Portal Web ICA-AtoM PML, disponíveis ao acesso do usuário. Essa prática descritiva permitiu encontrar uma forma de contribuir para a área de arquivologia e para a SCML/PML, com indicações que podem fornecer, aos cidadãos locais e aos demais públicos interessados, um maior acesso ao registro arquivístico e à história da região, nesse caso específico, às informações sobre os prédios históricos da Cidade.
Favorecer una lectura del mundo
Authors: Balmaceda Neyra Osvaldo Nildo
Published: February 2020

Resenha: TARGINO, M. das G.; SILVA, E. M. P. de A.; SANTOS, M. F. P. dos (Org.). Alfabetização e letramento: múltiplas perspectivas. Teresina: EDUFPI / UFPI / UAB / CEAD, 2017.  238 p. Disponível em:. Acesso em: 15 ago. 2017.
Ações de desenvolvimento sustentável em Santa Catarina: foco nas bibliotecas públicas
Authors: Souza Pinto Marli Dias , Spudeit Daniela , Geraldo Genilson , Madalena Críchyna da Silva
Published: February 2020

Os objetivos da Agenda 2030 da Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) para o desenvolvimento sustentável mundial também estão sendo discutidos e aplicados pela Federação Internacional de Associações de Bibliotecas e Instituições (IFLA) e, a partir desta constatação, o presente estudo tem como objetivo: analisar as ações desenvolvidas pelas Bibliotecas Públicas Catarinenses em consonância com a Agenda 2030. Metodologicamente, é uma pesquisa exploratória, descritiva e bibliográfica, com base sedimentada nos 17 objetivos globais previstos na Agenda 2030. Evidencia que não há inserção importante do bibliotecário como responsável e como participante das equipes das bibliotecas. Os serviços e produtos informacionais na grande maioria das bibliotecas se resumem à consulta e ao empréstimo. As ações de inclusão para pessoas com deficiência não são significativas em relação a todas as formas de acessibilidade, e tampouco há desenvolvimento de serviços e produtos para este segmento. Constata-se que não há ações estratégicas para atrair novos usuários. Há inserção de algumas ações culturais envolvendo a sustentabilidade. Por fim, as atividades propostas pela IFLA não foram contempladas e o estudo revela que o desenvolvimento sustentável requer um ambiente propício à aprendizagem e ao trabalho colaborativo e o estabelecimento de parcerias entre governo, comunidade e instituições locais.
Cidade Informacional e Identidade: o porto alegrense narrado no Foursquare
Authors: Massoni Luis Fernando Herbert , Morigi Valdir Jose
Published: February 2020

Reflete sobre a identidade do cidadão porto alegrense a partir das informações publicadas em ambientes virtuais. Articula teoricamente os conceitos de identidade, cidade informacional e mídias locativas, para pensar a cidade formada pelas Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação. Aborda a identidade como fruto de um processo de identificação que ocorre nos grupos sociais, sendo a cidade um espaço de construção identitária. Defende que as informações produzidas e divulgadas sobre o cidadão evidenciam suas marcas identitárias. A metodologia está calcada na análise das informações publicadas pelos usuários na página de Porto Alegre do Foursquare, aplicativo de celular onde constam informações sobre as cidades. A partir de uma abordagem qualitativa, o estudo utiliza o método da narratologia, que permite identificar e caracterizar as personagens em narrativas. Conclui que o porto alegrense possui uma representação identitária múltipla no aplicativo e suas características influenciam na concepção que os sujeitos possuem sobre a própria cidade.
Muita fé, muitas crenças: os espíritos do Brasil são
Authors: Freitas Ricardo Oliveira de
Published: February 2020

Resenha acerca do documentário expeirmental Híbridos: os espíritos do Brasil, fruto de projeto de pesquisa franco-brasileiro que, durante quase seis anos, investigou modos e formas de religiosidades e relações com as espiritualidades no Brasil contemporâneo.  As manifestações retratadas contemplam a quase totalidade de expressões religiosas e menifestações de fé pelo Brasil afora: desde os rituais de cura de populações indígenas xinguanas ao santo daime acreano, passando pelo candomblé baiano, pelo xambá pernambucano, pelo terecô maranhense e um tanto de outras expressões.
Pressupostos da Teoria Ator-Rede para os estudos das práticas informacionais
Authors: Wey Berti Ilemar Christina Lansoni , Araújo Carlos Alberto Ávila
Published: February 2020

A investigação na perspectiva das práticas informacionais dos sujeitos está contemplada na abordagem social dos Estudos de usuários da informação. Incipiente no campo em relação as abordagens tradicional e cognitiva, a abordagem social compreende que a interação das pessoas ao lidar com a informação caracteriza-se por uma construção contínua em busca de interesses permanentes a partir de um imbricamento entre o individual e o coletivo. Nessa perspectiva, essas construções podem parecer “opacas” ou “invisíveis”, porém possíveis de serem apreendidas conforme a adoção de aspectos teóricos e metodológicos específicos e múltiplos devido a sua complexidade. No presente artigo faz-se a apropriação de pressupostos da teoria de Bruno Latour referente a sociologia associativa, a fim de ressaltar o aspecto construtivo das ações dos sujeitos ao lidarem com a informação, articulando as “fontes de incertezas” metodológicas destacadas pelo autor para compreender o social uma relação informacional, possibilitando identificar e propor elementos analíticos para pesquisas com essa abordagem. Conclui-se que a apropriação da sociologia associativa, colabora para as investigações que adotam a abordagem social como associativa, de natureza construtivista, capaz de integrar as outras abordagens, se distanciando da ideia de separação entre os elementos da ação que a compõe.
Rede de Bibliotecas Escolares em Portugal: um programa modelo
Authors: Castro Filho Claudio Marcondes
Published: February 2020

Este artigo pretende descrever alguns aspectos do Programa de Rede de Bibliotecas Escolares – PRBE de Portugal. Um dos objetivos é apresentar ao leitor brasileiro os princípios, a estrutura e as ações do PRBE, de modo a poder proporcionar subsídios de informação e inspiração para reflexões e práticas sobre um projeto de rede de bibliotecas escolares em âmbito nacional. O PRBE procura se desenvolver em uma filosofia de Rede, com parcerias de diferentes agentes educativos, provenientes de diversos estratos da sociedade portuguesa. O artigo também aborda considerações sobre origens, princípios, padrões de qualidade, funções, ações e projetos do Programa. Com relação aos procedimentos metodológicos, utilizamos como método científico a pesquisa exploratória e a entrevista como técnica de investigação. Como considerações finais, pode se dizer que o PRBE contribui para a formação social e política do cidadão, pois é um espaço que, dada sua natureza, promove a leitura e o conhecimento.
Tipografia para além da relação instrumental: a mediação cultural manifesta pelo caderno especial “Planeta seca”
Authors: Mendonça Ismael Lopes , Feitosa Luiz Tadeu , Nunes Jefferson Veras , Cavalcante Lidia Eugenia
Published: February 2020

Este trabalho objetiva compreender a tipografia como manifestação simbólica que apresenta conteúdos para além do texto e para além da técnica que lhe configura, tendo o contexto de produção e aquele ao qual representa, papéis preponderantes na mediação das informações. A relação se dá a partir do conceito de mediação cultural aplicado às formas tipográficas. Como demonstração, analisa-se o caderno especial Planeta seca (2012), publicado pelo jornal cearense O Povo. O estudo de natureza qualitativa e exploratória, possibilitado pelo método hermenêutico-dialético aplicado à leitura do projeto gráfico, revela que o documento e sua tipografia estão a mediar significações densas em torno de seu tema, atuando como um complexo código informativo, documental e comunicante.
Cultura e Arquivologia: possibilidades analíticas a partir da perspectiva da antropologia compreensiva
Authors: Sousa Vancarder Brito , Santos Eliete Correia dos
Published: February 2020

Este texto faz um sumário da apresentação oral realizada no dia oito de março de 2019 por ocasião do IX Seminário Internacional de Saberes Arquivísticos - SESA, que ocorreu em Coimbra, Portugal. O mesmo teve como objetivo discutir as possiblidades teórico-metodológicas da abordagem antropológica da Arquivologia enquanto produto da cultura social. Nessa discussão a Arquivologia foi entendida como uma ciência interdisciplinar na qual sua base epistemológica está necessariamente vinculada à processos sociais e institucionais de produção de sentidos culturais e identitários. Como justificativa para a iniciativa da discussão foi defendido que sua necessidade se ampara    na necessidade de ampliar o debate sobre o reconhecimento da Arquivologia como produto das articulações entre tempo e espaço social, como também, que sua produção expressa significados delineados por processos sociais, políticos e econômicos derivados da ação social, tanto na esfera da produção do conhecimento quanto das práticas arquivísticas. Essa pesquisa foi operacionalizada sob forma de uma levantamento bibliográfico e teórico no âmbito da abordagem interdisciplinar da constituição da Arquivologia como ciência, bem como, da instituição da antropologia cultural e sua utilização para a compreensão das culturas humanas. Sua abordagem foi qualitativa e a discussão dos resultados foi interpretativa. Como conclusão, apontou que a discussão contemporânea sobre a Arquivologia sinaliza para a ampliação do diálogo sobre si mesma, do seu objeto e práticas indo ao encontro da necessidade de construção de uma “gramática de sentidos” para organizar as respostas que a Arquivologia produz a respeito de sua auto-imagem.