bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVALUASI EFEKTIVITAS PENERAPAN MANAJEMEN BERBASIS SEKOLAH (MBS) DALAM MENINGKATKAN MUTU PENDIDIKAN DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Nurul Fadllillah  , Baharuddin
Published: November 2024

The Indonesian government is trying to improve the standard of education that has so far lagged behind. To realize the quality of education in better school-based management, local support is needed in directing, checking and assisting schools in administration and educational experience. Elementary school education is a level of education that is part of the basic education level and is the foundation of knowledge and helps children grow and develop optimally through teacher-guided learning, so that it becomes the main tool in improving the quality of human resources. The main task of education is to develop the potential of human resources (HR) through various organizations, both governmental and non-governmental. One way of regulating it is through School-Based Management (SBM), which functions as a tool to manage the essence of teaching. Internal and external services provided by the school are directly supervised. This is in accordance with the philosophy of decentralization, which provides benefits to the community and school members by allowing principals, students, parents, and teachers to be involved in decision-making in a transparent, accountable and participatory manner. School-Based Management aims to improve the quality of education by involving cooperation from various parties, including principals, teachers, parents, and other stakeholders, as well as paying attention to facilities and infrastructure, motivation, self-concept, interests, and learning independence. In implementing the essence of education, schools seek their arrangements by implementing school-based administration. The purpose of this study was to determine how effective school-based management or MBS is in overcoming problems in schools and improving the quality of education in elementary schools. Qualitative descriptive methods are one of those used in this study. The diversity of information is generated through significant web-based writing and journals.
Multidimensional Radiation Hydrodynamics Simulations of SN 1987A Shock Breakout
Authors: Chen Wun-Yi , Chen Ke-Jung , Ono Masaomi
Published: November 2024

Shock breakout is the first electromagnetic signal from supernovae (SNe), which contains important information on the explosion energy and the size and chemical composition of the progenitor star. This paper presents the first two-dimensional (2D) multiwavelength radiation hydrodynamics simulations of SN 1987A shock breakout by using the CASTRO code with the OPAL opacity table considering eight photon groups from infrared to X-ray. To investigate the impact of the pre-SN environment of SN 1987A, we consider three possible circumstellar medium environments: a steady wind, an eruptive mass loss, and the existence of a companion star. In sum, the resulting breakout light curve has an hour-long duration and a peak luminosity of ∼4 × 1046 erg s−1, with a decay rate of ∼3.5 mag hr−1 in X-ray. The dominant band transits to UV around 3 hr after the initial breakout, and its luminosity has a decay rate of ∼1.5 mag hr−1 that agrees well with the observed shock breakout tail. The detailed features of breakout emission are sensitive to the pre-explosion environment. Furthermore, our 2D simulations demonstrate the importance of multidimensional mixing and its impacts on shock dynamics and radiation emission. The mixing emerging from the shock breakout may lead to a global asymmetry of SN ejecta and affect its later SN remnant formation.
On the Properties of X-Ray Corona in Seyfert 1 Galaxies
Authors: Pal Indrani , A. Anju , Sreehari H. , Rameshan Gitika , Stalin C. S. , Ricci Claudio , Marchesi S.
Published: November 2024

We carried out a uniform and systematic analysis of a sample of 112 nearby bright Seyfert 1 type active galactic nuclei, the observations of which were carried out by the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array between 2013 August and 2022 May. The main goal of this analysis is to investigate the nature of the X-ray corona in Seyfert 1 galaxies. By fitting a physical model to the NuSTAR spectra, we could constrain the high-energy cutoff (E
cut) for 73 sources in our sample. To estimate the temperature of the corona (kT

e
) in our sample of 112 sources, we used the Comptonization model to fit their spectra. We could constrain kT

e
in 42 sources. We found a strong positive correlation between E
cut and kT

e
, with most of the sources lying above the empirical approximation of E
cut = 2−3 kT

e
. We investigated for possible correlations between various properties of the corona obtained from physical model fits to the observed spectra and between various coronal parameters and physical properties of the sources such as Eddington ratio and black hole mass. We found (a) a strong correlation between E
cut and the photon index and (b) a significant negative correlation between kT

e
and the optical depth. From detailed statistical analysis of the correlation of coronal parameters with the Eddington ratio and black hole mass, we found no significant correlation. The correlations observed in this study indicate that an optically thin corona is needed to sustain a hotter corona with a steeper spectrum.
Two Intermittent Eruptions of a Minifilament Triggered by a Two-step Magnetic Reconnection Within a Fan-spine Configuration
Authors: Yang Liping , Xue Zhike , Wang Jincheng , Yang Liheng , Li Qiaoling , Zhou Yian , Peng Yang , Zhang Xinsheng
Published: November 2024

Although numerous works have concentrated on minifilament eruption in complex configurations, the detailed triggering mechanism is still an open question. Using the observational data from the New Vacuum Solar Telescope and Solar Dynamics Observatory, we studied a two-step magnetic reconnection process that triggered a minifilament that erupted intermittently within a fan-spine structure in the active region NOAA 13272. The first-step reconnection occurred between a set of low-lying small-scale magnetic loops and their nearby inner spine, resulting in the appearance of a brightening at the reconnection site and the reconfiguration of the inner spine. As the reconfigured inner spine approached the outer spine, reconnection occurred between them at the null point and led to the minifilament erupting partially. Subsequently, this two-step reconnection scenario occurred again and triggered the minifilament to erupt completely. The null point reconnection was supported by the changes in the topological structure of the inner spine and the outer spine, circular ribbon flares, remote brightenings, and the brightening of the outer spine. The null point reconnection related to the second eruption was also confirmed by some plasmoids expelled from the reconnection site. Further, the results of the magnetic field extrapolation reveal the existence of a fan-spine structure involving a three-dimensional null point. We suggest that the two-step reconnection triggers the two eruptions, in which the null point reconnection plays a direct role, but the dynamical evolution of the inner spine and the outer spine driven by the first-step reconnection might be a precursor of the subsequent null point reconnection.
Discovery of a Rare Group of Dwarf Galaxies in the Local Universe
Authors: Paudel Sanjaya , Sabiu Cristiano G. , Yoon Suk-Jin , Duc Pierre-Alain , Yoo Jaewon , Müller Oliver
Published: November 2024

We report the discovery of a rare isolated group of five dwarf galaxies located at z = 0.0086 (D = 36 Mpc). All member galaxies are star forming, blue, and gas rich, with g − r indices ranging from 0.2 to 0.6 mag, and two of them show signs of ongoing mutual interaction. The most massive member of the group has a stellar mass that is half of the Small Magellanic Cloud stellar mass, and the median stellar mass of the group members is 7.87 × 107
M
☉. The derived total dynamical mass of the group is M
dyn = 6.02 × 1010
M
☉, whereas its total baryonic mass (stellar + H i) is 2.6 × 109
M
☉, which gives us the dynamical to baryonic mass ratio of 23. Interestingly, all galaxies found in the group are aligned along a straight line in the plane of the sky. The observed spatial extent of the member galaxies is 154 kpc, and their relative line-of-sight velocity span is within 75 km s−1. Using the spatially resolved optical spectra provided by the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument early data release, we find that three group members share a common rotational direction. With these unique properties of the group and its member galaxies, we discuss the possible importance of such a system in the formation and evolution of dwarf galaxy groups and in testing the theory of large-scale structure formation.
The Flattest Infrared Extinction Curve in Four Isolated Dense Molecular Cloud Cores
Authors: Li 李 Jun 军 , Chen 陈 Bingqiu 丙秋 , Jiang 姜 Biwei 碧沩 , Zhao 赵 He 赫 , Jiang 江 Botao 博韬 , Chen 陈 Xi 曦
Published: November 2024

The extinction curve of interstellar dust in the dense molecular cloud cores is crucial for understanding dust properties, particularly size distribution and composition. We investigate the infrared extinction law in four nearby isolated molecular cloud cores—L429, L483, L673, and L1165—across the 1.2–8.0 μm wavelength range, using deep near-infrared and mid-infrared photometric data from UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey and Spitzer Space Telescope. These observations probe an unprecedented extinction depth, reaching A

V
∼ 40–60 mag in these dense cloud cores. We derive color-excess ratios E(K − λ)/E(H − K) by fitting color–color diagrams of (K − λ) versus (H − K), which are subsequently used to calculate the extinction law A

λ
/A

K
. Our analysis reveals remarkably similar and exceptionally flat infrared extinction curves for all four cloud cores, exhibiting the most pronounced flattening reported in the literature to date. This flatness is consistent with the presence of large dust grains, suggesting significant grain growth in dense environments. Intriguingly, our findings align closely with the Astrodust model for a diffuse interstellar environment proposed by Hensley and Draine. This agreement between dense core observations and a diffuse medium model highlights the complexity of dust evolution and the need for further investigation into the processes governing dust properties in different interstellar environments.
Bioacoustic and Ecoacoustic Data in Audiovisual Core
Authors: Baker Ed
Published: November 2024

Audiovisual Core (Audiovisual Core Maintenance Group 2023), is the TDWG standard for metadata related to biodiversity multimedia. The Audiovisual Core Maintenance Group has been working to expand the standard to provide the terms necessary for handling sound recordings. Audiovisual Core can now handle acoustic metadata related to biodiversity from single species (bioacoustics) to the ecosystem scale (ecoacoustics).

Bioacoustics

The Natural History Museum, London has a significant collection of recorded insect sounds (Ragge and Reynolds 1998) that are often directly linked to museum specimens (Fig. 1). The sound collection has previously been digitised and made available electronically through the BioAcoustica project (Baker et al. 2015). The BioAcoustica platform allows for annotation of audio files with tags including "Call" for deliberate sound made by an organism, "Voice Introduction" for metadata, and "Extraneous Noise." These boundaries are defined by their start and end times (in seconds) relative to the start of the file (Fig. 2).

Ecoacoustics

Ecoacoustics deals with the sounds present within an entire soundscape or ecosystem. The calls of individual species form the biological part of the soundscape (biophony) alongside sounds produced by non-living natural sources (geophony) and humans (anthropophony). Individual components are often defined by date and time boundaries, and sometimes by upper and lower frequency limits (Fig. 3).

Regions of Interest

The recently added concept of a "Region of Interest" (ROI) allows for the annotation of sound files, identifying multiple regions within a single recording with time and/or frequency bounds. However, the vocabulary of ROI*1 is not just intended for sounds. Equivalent terms also allow for regions to be specified with images and videos.

The use of well-defined annotations has the potential to generate large amounts of training data for machine learning models and provide a standard for generating observation records from these models (e.g., BirdNet, see Kahl et al. 2021), which can be verified by linking them to audio segments within a much larger recording.

The development of a metadata standard for regions of interest has several interesting possibilities, including linking multiple observation records to a single soundscape recording (the recording acts similarly to a voucher specimen) and aggregating regions across multiple datasets to create larger corpora for training machine learning models.
Enhancing Plant Species Retrieval in Flora Through Language Model Integration
Authors: Kao De-Kai , Yang Chih-Kai , Chen Chien-Hsing
Published: November 2024

Traditionally, textual data storage and retrieval systems were designed primarily for human reading, mainly relying on paper records. However, as information technology has advanced, computerized searches have become common. However, Boolean logic-based data retrieval systems often struggle to handle data's diversity and richness effectively. These systems rely on strict matching rules, which can lead to either too few or too many results. For example, when searching for plant species descriptions, a query like "circle" AND "ellipse" may exclude relevant records that describe these traits using slightly different terms (e.g., "round" or "oval"). Conversely, broader queries like "oblong" may return an overwhelming number of irrelevant results. This rigidity limits the system's ability to adapt to the nuanced and varied ways users describe data. With the advent of advanced semantic models such as SBERT (Sentence-Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) (Reimers and Gurevych 2019), we can now delve deeper into the semantic relationships within textual data. Unlike general-purpose large language models, SBERT is specifically designed for efficient semantic similarity computation.

In plant taxonomy, records in Flora, such as Flora of Taiwan or Flora of China, play a crucial role in understanding plant diversity in specific regions. These records provide critical information on plant growth environments, morphological characteristics, and economic values.

Our research aims to enhance the efficiency of retrieving plant data using language models. Specifically, we transform textual descriptions from Flora and user queries into vector representations (Fig. 2) and calculate their cosine similarity to determine the relevance between user inputs and species records. Cosine similarity, a metric commonly used in text mining and information retrieval, quantifies the similarity between two vectors by measuring the cosine of the angle between them. The similarity score ranges from -1 (completely dissimilar) to 1 (identical), where higher scores indicate greater similarity. By applying this method, we can provide users with ranked scores of plant species related to their queries (Fig. 1). This approach not only streamlines data retrieval but also introduces new perspectives for botanical research and data management, fostering a more efficient exploration of plant diversity.

Our results demonstrate the potential of language models to facilitate biodiversity research and data management, especially in retrieving plant taxonomy information. Our approach provides a novel tool for future biodiversity data analysis and retrieval, thereby contributing to the progress of biodiversity conservation.
Observer-based event triggering security load frequency control for power systems involving air conditioning loads
Authors: Wang Xiaoming , Bai Yunlong , Li Zhiyong , Zhao Wenguang , Ding Shixing
Published: November 2024

This paper presents a power system frequency control strategy that integrates an observer-based event-triggered mechanism (ETM) to defend against denial-of-service (DoS) attacks and accommodates the integration of renewable energy sources. The proposed strategy incorporates demand response by enabling air conditioning loads (ACs) to participate in frequency regulation, thereby enhancing system flexibility and stability. To address the challenges posed by limited network bandwidth and potential message blocking, the ETM minimizes communication while defending against DoS attacks. The stability of the closed-loop system is guaranteed by deriving an $ H_{\infty} $ stability criterion using the Lyapunov–Krasovskii function method, with controller parameters determined through linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). A two-area power system simulation is conducted to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach, demonstrating its ability to maintain stable frequency control under cyber-attack scenarios and varying renewable energy contributions.
Graphical edge-weight-function indices of trees
Authors: Ali Akbar , Sekar Sneha , Balachandran Selvaraj , Elumalai Suresh , Alanazi Abdulaziz M. , Hassan Taher S. , Shang Yilun
Published: November 2024

Consider a tree graph $ G $ with edge set $ E(G) $. The notation $ d_G(x) $ represents the degree of vertex $ x $ in $ G $. Let $ \mathfrak{f} $ be a symmetric real-valued function defined on the Cartesian square of the set of all distinct elements of the degree sequence of $ G $. A graphical edge-weight-function index for the graph $ G $, denoted by $ \mathcal{I}_\mathfrak{f}(G) $, is defined as $ \mathcal{I}_\mathfrak{f}(G) = \sum_{st \in E(G)} \mathfrak{f}(d_G(s), d_G(t)) $. This paper establishes the best possible bounds for $ \mathcal{I}_\mathfrak{f}(G) $ in terms of the order of $ G $ and parameter $ \mathfrak{p} $, subject to specific conditions on $ \mathfrak{f} $. Here, $ \mathfrak{p} $ can be one of the following three graph parameters: (ⅰ) matching number, (ⅱ) the count of pendent vertices, and (ⅲ) maximum degree. We also characterize all tree graphs that achieve these bounds. The constraints considered for $ \mathfrak{f} $ are satisfied by several well-known indices. We specifically illustrate our findings by applying them to the recently introduced Euler-Sombor index.
On solutions of fractional differential equations for the mechanical oscillations by using the Laplace transform
Authors: Jadhav Changdev P. , Dale Tanisha B. , Chinchane Vaijanath L. , Nale Asha B. , Thabet Sabri T. M. , Kedim Imed , Vivas-Cortez Miguel
Published: November 2024

In this article, we employ the Laplace transform (LT) method to study fractional differential equations with the problem of displacement of motion of mass for free oscillations, damped oscillations, damped forced oscillations, and forced oscillations (without damping). These problems are solved by using the Caputo and Atangana-Baleanu (AB) fractional derivatives, which are useful fractional derivative operators consist of a non-singular kernel and are efficient in solving non-local problems. The mathematical modelling for the displacement of motion of mass is presented in fractional form. Moreover, some examples are solved.
Bayesian and non-Bayesian estimation of some entropy measures for a Weibull distribution
Authors: Hassan Amal S. , Alsadat Najwan , Balogun Oluwafemi Samson , Helmy Baria A.
Published: November 2024

Entropy measures have been employed in various applications as a helpful indicator of information content. This study considered the estimation of Shannon entropy, $ \zeta $-entropy, Arimoto entropy, and Havrda and Charvat entropy measures for the Weibull distribution. The classical and Bayesian estimators for the suggested entropy measures were derived using generalized Type Ⅱ hybrid censoring data. Based on symmetric and asymmetric loss functions, Bayesian estimators of entropy measurements were developed. Asymptotic confidence intervals with the help of the delta method and the highest posterior density intervals of entropy measures were constructed. The effectiveness of the point and interval estimators was evaluated through a Monte Carlo simulation study and an application with actual data sets. Overall, the study's results indicate that with longer termination times, both maximum likelihood and Bayesian entropy estimates were effective. Furthermore, Bayesian entropy estimates using the linear exponential loss function tended to outperform those using other loss functions in the majority of scenarios. In conclusion, the analysis results from real-world examples aligned with the simulated data. Drawing insights from the analysis of glass fiber, we can assert that this research holds practical applications in reliability engineering and financial analysis.
A novel approach is proposed for obtaining exact travelling wave solutions to the space-time fractional Phi-4 equation
Authors: Ullah Ikram , Bilal Muhammad , Sharma Aditi , Khan Hasim , Bhardwaj Shivam , Sharma Sunil Kumar
Published: November 2024

Complex physical occurrences currently need the use of nonlinear fractional partial differential equations. This paper provides a new approach to using the conformable derivative of Atangana to achieve exact travelling wave solutions to the space time-fractional Phi-4 problem. Our method enables a more profound comprehension of complex mathematical physics processes. We validate the solutions and demonstrate the effectiveness of our approaches in solving difficult nonlinear problems in nuclear and particle physics. Singular solutions can be retrieved by using the proposed method on nonlinear partial differential equations (NFPDEs). Our results are shown using contour and three-dimensional charts, which demonstrate various soliton formations for varying parameter values in the nonlinear zone. This study contributes to our growing knowledge of optical soliton.
Clasificación seco-húmeda de enfermedades y terapéuticas: el “eslabón perdido” del legado hipocrático en la medicina popular argentina actual
Authors: Scarpa Gustavo Fabian
Published: November 2024

Se identifican criterios etiológico-terapéuticos asociados a la clasificación seco-húmeda de trastornos y de remedios, así como la prescripción de estos últimos para el tratamiento de los primeros, en la etnomedicina de los Criollos del Chaco Semiárido noroccidental de Argentina. Se demuestra que tales criterios se vislumbran en su discurso etnomédico sobre la etiología y síntomas de ciertas enfermedades, en las acciones de ciertos remedios, así como en las propiedades organolépticas de estos últimos. La presencia de esta clasificación se verifica tanto con la demostración de la operatividad del principio de oposición hipocrático entre las propiedades o acciones terapéuticas de los remedios «secantes» y los trastornos de etiología «húmeda» y viceversa (para un total de 474 prescripciones terapéuticas registradas a campo), como a partir de la comparación de los criterios antedichos con aquellos explicitados en herbolarios jesuíticos de la zona que datan del siglo dieciocho (cuya medicina humoral ha sido demostradamente asociada con la etnomedicina criolla actual). Se concluye de manera rigurosa y documentada la presencia de la clasificacón seco-húmeda en la etnomedicina actual de los Criollos del Chaco argentino y se confirma la importancia de la medicina humoral como componente ideacional de su sistema médico.
Évaluation de la vulnérabilité des communautés de montagne face au changement climatique. Région Beni-Mellal-Khénifra, Maroc
Authors: Achbah Mounia , Khattabi Abdellatif , Pruneau Diane , Boumeaza Taieb
Published: November 2024

Au cours des dernières années, le climat du Maroc est marqué par une hausse des températures et un déclin des précipitations. Ces événements climatiques affectent négativement la productivité des ressources, le bien-être des populations et augmentent leur vulnérabilité. L’étude vise à analyser la perception des populations quant aux impacts du changement climatique sur leurs moyens de subsistance. L’étude s’est déroulée dans la zone de montagne de la région Beni Mellal - Khénifra au Maroc. L’approche participative a été privilégiée, mettant à profit l’animation de sept ateliers et de vingt entretiens semi-structurés. L’approche qualitative a été complétée par la collecte de données tirées des statistiques de l’Agence nationale des eaux et forêts, de l’Office de développement de la coopération, du haut-commissariat au plan et du Département de l’agriculture. Les concepts d’évaluation de la vulnérabilité par les moyens de subsistance et la mesure de la criticité des impacts climatiques (sécheresse et inondations) ont été mobilisés. Les résultats ont montré que la sécheresse est l’aléa qui, selon les participants, affecte le plus leurs ressources, suivi des inondations. La matrice de vulnérabilité a permis de classer les ressources en trois catégories selon leur degré de vulnérabilité au changement climatique : i) les ressources très vulnérables (terrains agricoles, élevage et arboriculture), ii) les ressources vulnérables (ressources en eau, forêt et ressources économiques liées à la céréaliculture, l’apiculture et le maraichage) et enfin, iii) les ressources moyennement vulnérables, constituées des ressources impactées par les inondations (vies humaines, équipement et biens matériels).
Restaurer la continuité écologique des cours d’eau : que sait-on et comment passer collectivement à l’action ?
Authors: Alp Maria , Arnaud Fanny , Barthélémy Carole , Bernez Ivan , Clemens Anne , Cottet Marylise , Dufour Simon , Germaine Marie-Anne , Gramaglia Christelle , Grivel Stéphane , Pichon Céline Le , Lespez Laurent , Lusson Marie , Navratil Oldrich , Piégay Hervé , Prunier Jérôme G. , Rollet Anne-Julia , Tales Evelyne , Lamouroux Nicolas
Published: November 2024

Cet article de synthèse, fruit du travail d’un collectif interdisciplinaire de chercheuses et chercheurs du Réseau des Zones Ateliers françaises (CNRS), porte sur la mise en œuvre des projets de restauration de la continuité écologique des cours d’eau. Les projets de restauration se trouvent au cœur d’une importante controverse dans l’espace public français depuis plusieurs années. En particulier, certains acteurs questionnent la pertinence de la politique publique visant à effacer les ouvrages qui contribuent à l’interruption de la continuité des cours d’eau. Dans cet article, nous faisons d’abord une synthèse des effets connus de l’interruption de la continuité dans ses dimensions longitudinale, latérale et verticale vis-à-vis des enjeux biophysiques et socio-économiques. Eu égard à la complexité des processus concernés, de la variabilité des contextes territoriaux possibles et des incertitudes associées à la restauration des hydrosystèmes, notre analyse révèle la nécessité d’inscrire les projets de restauration dans un projet plus large autour de la gestion des ressources aquatiques mené à l’échelle d’un territoire et reposant sur un processus décisionnel participatif. La décision de restaurer ou de ne pas restaurer la continuité ne peut s’en remettre exclusivement à la science et à l’expertise technique. Forts de ce constat, nous proposons ici une démarche stratégique pour adresser les défis qui entourent la restauration de la continuité. Cette démarche intègre dix points de vigilance à prendre en compte pour la mise en œuvre de projets de restauration à la fois soutenus par les différents acteurs et efficaces par rapport aux objectifs définis.
Extension des Aires marines protégées (AMP) et concertation citoyenne. Analyse linguistique des discours de co-construction
Authors: Bouzereau Camille , Banton Maëlle , Steuckardt Agnès , Voiseux Norélia , Pioch Sylvain
Published: November 2024

Cet article étudie l’évolution des postures et des discours autour de la création d’un espace naturel protégé implanté dans un espace littoral, territoire physiquement délimité et occupé par une diversité historique d’acteurs/usagers, et plus spécifiquement ce qui se joue dans les épisodes participatifs d’une démarche de concertation initiée dans le cadre d’un projet d’aménagement, l’extension d’une réserve marine. Il propose une analyse croisée entre linguistique et géographie, qui s’inscrit dans la perspective interdisciplinaire prévalant en sciences de l’environnement (Hicks et al., 2010). Notre première approche, inscrite en analyse de discours outillée, repose sur une étude textométrique et dégage le vocabulaire partagé et les spécificités lexicales. Les résultats nous conduisent à mobiliser la linguistique de l’énonciation pour caractériser le positionnement énonciatif des groupes d’acteurs, puis à décrire les différentes postures adoptées au cours du processus de concertation.
« L’appel de la forêt » : une forêt primaire entre projet associatif et politique en faveur de la libre évolution
Authors: Locquet Alexandra
Published: November 2024

Depuis les années 2000 en France et en Europe ont émergé des initiatives visant à favoriser le retour d’espace de haute naturalité. Ces projets, majoritairement portés par des associations, entendent contribuer à la lutte contre le changement climatique et l’érosion de la biodiversité. En France, des projets encourageant la « libre évolution » se développent surtout autour des milieux forestiers, bien que ces pratiques se développent dans d’autres milieux. C’est dans ce contexte, qu’a émergé le projet de l’Association Francis Hallé pour la forêt primaire (AFH), dont l’ambition est de recréer les conditions favorables au développement d’une forêt primaire de 70 000 hectares en zone transfrontalière en Europe de l’Ouest. Le présent travail de recherche, basé sur une démarche de recherche-action, s’intéresse à la manière dont ce type de projet promeut l’émergence de nouveaux modes d’action de protection de l’environnement tout en procédant d’une mise en politique de son objet. Le présent travail explore le positionnement du projet de l’AFH dans le contexte d’intérêt croissant pour les stratégies de libre évolution. Il s’intéresse également à la stratégie déployée par l’organisation et aux effets induits par le développement potentiel d’une telle initiative sur un territoire (par exemple changements d’usages, reconfiguration des activités économiques, et cetera). L’article montre que l’initiative étudiée est complexe et fait face à un certain nombre de limites pour sa mise en œuvre du fait de l’ambition de son projet, du statut d’association et de l’absence de précédent. L’AFH propose une démarche hybride, être le point de rencontre et/ou de friction entre les pratiques institutionnelles de la conservation de la nature et l’action associative. Le projet de l’AFH, à défaut de se territorialiser, contribue à la promotion et à la mise en débat des principes de libre évolution comme approche de gestion de l’environnement, et manière de cohabité avec les autres qu’humains et leviers de transitions socio-écologiques.
Exploring Barriers to Innovation in Public Administration
Authors: Liarte Irene , Criado J. Ignacio , Alcaide-Muñoz Laura
Published: November 2024

This study deepens our knowledge on innovation barriers within Public Sector Innovation (PSI) processes in local governments. It analyzes the barriers to PSI from a mixed method approach using an original survey directed to innovation managers in the largest Spanish city councils and semi-structured interviews within a case study. This study shows the most relevant barriers to innovation in different stages of development, the strategies used to overcome these barriers and the relationships among them. This research contributes to PSI literature by shedding light on the barriers' dynamics and how they operate in local governments within contexts of high levels of digitalization. Results suggest a significant prevalence of institutional barriers, more common in countries with a Napoleonic administrative tradition, and uncover the relevance of politics and human resource management foster innovation at the local level.
O processo de elaboração conceitual na leitura interativa em contexto de formação inicial de professores
Authors: Colpo Camila Carolina , Wenzel Judite Scherer
Published: November 2024

O presente artigo contempla uma análise acerca de uma prática de leitura interativa de um Texto de Divulgação Científica (TDC) na formação inicial de professores. A partir da leitura mediada e em voz alta do TDC Uma Maçã por Dia, objetivamos qualificar o posicionamento do licenciando frente ao texto, principalmente no que se refere ao estabelecimento de relações conceituais, de modo especial, com o direcionamento para o conceito de Substância Química. Esse processo se caracteriza como uma intervenção experimental e, com o aporte do referencial histórico-cultural, os resultados foram construídos pelo uso da Análise Microgenética que possibilitou um acompanhamento mais minucioso do processo pedagógico vivenciado. Os resultados indiciaram que, por meio da mediação da professora pesquisadora, os licenciandos atingiram novos níveis de compreensão para o significado de Substância Química, o que reforça a importância do uso da leitura interativa como potencializadora do processo de significação conceitual na formação inicial de professores.
Yellow bronchoalveolar lavage: a case series and systematic review of the literature
Authors: Mohan Sanchit , Kumar Rohit , Ish Pranav , Gupta Nitesh
Published: November 2024

Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) is a diagnostic tool that provides pathological and microbiological diagnosis of lower respiratory tract lesions. BAL return may sometimes be of a different color, giving insight into the underlying disease process. Here, we present two cases of yellow BAL fluid with distinct etiologies.
Historical ostriches in the Libyan Desert, with ecological and taxonomic considerations
Authors: Schreiber Arnd
Published: November 2024

Many historical records extend the known range of the African ostrich Struthio camelus to include almost the entire state territory of Libya. This significant expansion augments the spatial potentialities to reintroduce captive-bred progeny of the endangered red-necked ostriches (S. c. camelus) from zoos and wildlife centres. The latest Libyan ostriches lingered in Cyrenaica and Fezzan into the late 19th century, and presumably near Kufra into the 1930s. Their extermination coincided with the occupation by colonial European administrations. These east Saharan biotopes are extraordinarily resource-poor and climatically challenging due to wide thermal amplitudes and extreme drought. Old photographs from Kufra and Wadi Howar leave undecided if the Libyan ostriches adhered to the subspecies S. c. camelus, which appears possible, or if additional, partly substantiated but yet unconfirmed claims should be heeded which demand up to three subspecies in North Africa. A review of taxonomic interpretations reveals a weak foundation by reliable data of a pan-Saharan subspecies S. c. camelus, and additional research is suggested to provide a sound taxonomic concept, not least for the management of various regional breeding lineages in zoos, which safeguard the survival of this endangered bird. As an auxiliary finding, African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) are attested as inhabitants of the southern Libyan Desert until the 1930s, where they had preyed upon the now equally extinct ostriches.
Weight loss for obese patients as a treatment of hip and knee osteoarthritis: A scoping review
Authors: Cull Megan
Published: November 2024

Background: The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) has been recommending a weight loss of 5% of body weight or more as a treatment for those who have osteoarthritis (OA). However, the AAOS does not recommend or guide clinicians in the best weight loss strategies, leaving the clinician and the patients on their own to navigate the weight loss process.Aim: This scoping review addresses the most effective ways to reach the recommended weight loss and achieve symptomatic improvement through various methods, including diet, exercise, meal replacements and specific diet types, with or without the help of a trained professional.Methods: In a scoping literature review, this author investigated medication use, diet, exercise or a combination of diet and exercise as an effective method for weight loss to treat hip and knee osteoarthritis and whether the delivery method (i.e., telehealth or application-based versus in-person) played a role in the effectiveness of weight loss.Results: A loss of body weight between 10% and 20% results in more significant symptomatic improvement and is safe and effective with the help of a trained health care professional and meal replacement foods.Conclusion: A clear dose response exists between the amount of weight lost and symptomatic improvement, with better symptomatic improvement seen in patients losing more than the typically recommended 5% body weight.Contribution: This review shows that a weight loss of 10–20% of body weight through a low carbohydrate diet combined with exercise can effectively be used as symptomatic management of hip or knee osteoarthritis.
Indian clinical practice consensus guidelines for the management of oropharyngeal cancer - Update 2023
Authors: Noronha Vanita , Babu K Govind , Darling HS , Chaturvedi Pankaj , Kuriakose Moni , Birur Praveen , Kaushal Ashish , Mahajan Abhishek , Singhal Manish , Gairola Munish , Goyal Sumit , Patil Vijay M , Rao Vishal , Rath Goura K. , Kumar Prabhash
Published: November 2024

Oropharyngeal cancer typically presents at a nonmetastatic stage and is primarily treated with curative intent. While surgical options are available, they are often associated with significant functional and cosmetic morbidity, leading to a preference for nonsurgical modalities. The updated guidelines address the management of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in the Indian context, emphasizing the importance of a multidisciplinary approach. The guidelines detail diagnosis workflows, treatment protocols for early-stage and locally advanced cancers, and the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) status in guiding therapy. Special attention is given to emerging treatment deintensification strategies for HPV-associated cancers, aiming to optimize outcomes while minimizing treatment-related toxicity.
Indian clinical practice consensus guidelines for the management of locoregional laryngeal cancer - Update 2023
Authors: Singhal Manish , Babu K. Govind , Darling HS , Chaturvedi Pankaj , Kuriakose Moni , Birur Praveen , Kaushal Ashish , Mahajan Abhishek , Gairola Munish , Goyal Sumit , Patil Vijay M , Noronha Vanita , Rao Vishal , Rath Goura K. , Kumar Prabhash
Published: November 2024

Laryngeal cancer typically presents at a nonmetastatic stage, and the majority of patients are treated with curative intent. Due to the functional and cosmetic morbidities associated with surgical approaches, nonsurgical modalities are increasingly favored. This update to the guidelines emphasizes a multidisciplinary approach tailored to the Indian healthcare context, enhancing treatment strategies and optimizing patient outcomes. Key recommendations include the use of concurrent chemoradiotherapy and induction chemotherapy regimens, with a focus on organ preservation whenever feasible.
Indian clinical practice consensus guidelines for the management of recurrent, persistent, or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of head-and-neck - Update 2023
Authors: Noronha Vanita , Babu K Govind , Darling HS , Chaturvedi Pankaj , Kuriakose Moni , Mahajan Abhishek , Birur Praveen , Kaushal Ashish , Singhal Manish , Gairola Munish , Goyal Sumit , Patil M Vijay , Rao Vishal , Rath Goura Kishore , Prabhash Kumar
Published: November 2024

Head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains a significant public health concern, particularly in India, where its incidence is disproportionately high due to risk factors such as tobacco and alcohol use. The updated guidelines for the management of HNSCC reflect a comprehensive review of current evidence and practices tailored to the Indian context. They emphasize a multidisciplinary approach and the integration of novel therapeutic modalities, including immune checkpoint inhibitors and metronomic chemotherapy. Enhanced diagnostic protocols and a focus on supportive care underscore the commitment to improving patient outcomes and quality of life. This update aims to provide healthcare professionals with clear, evidence-based recommendations that address the unique challenges faced by patients with HNSCC in India.
Implications of Middle Cranial Fossa Dural Plate, It’s Importance in Sclerotic Mastoid to Identify Mastoid Antrum and to Avoid Complications
Authors: Boban Sreejith , Prasad K. C. , Varsha G. Indu
Published: November 2024

Aim:

To correlate middle cranial fossa dura with mastoid antrum in sclerotic mastoids with absent/rudimentary spine of Henle.

Materials and Methods:

The prospective study was conducted in 38 patients with chronic otitis media having rudimentary or absent spine of Henle in the Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck at R. L. Jalappa Hospital and Research Center from December 2021 to December 2023.

Results:

In our study, majority were males with involvement of the right ear more than left. Most of the patients had symptoms of chronic ear discharge with moderate conductive hearing loss. Some patients had associated ear pain, tinnitus and vertigo. Four patients had large central perforation. Twenty-eight cases had sclerotic mastoid and diploic in 10 patients in high-resolution computed tomography of temporal bone. Nine patients had high jugular bulb, 30 had low lying dura, and 15 with anteriorly placed sigmoid sinus. All cases underwent cortical mastoidectomy with tympanoplasty and epitympanotomy in seven cases. Intraoperatively, 9 cases had absent spine of Henle and 29 had rudimentary spine of Henle.

Conclusion:

In sclerotic mastoids with absent or rudimentary spine of Henle to address the antrum is challenging when there is anteriorly placed sigmoid sinus and low-lying or undulating dura. The definite reference to approach mastoid antrum is to follow the pinkish hue of the dural plate with least complications.
An Atypical Presentation of a Congenital Cholesteatoma in an Adult with Extensive Inner Ear Erosion
Authors: Mathews Sunil , Parvathy P. , Rai Namrata , Sood Amit
Published: November 2024

Congenital cholesteatoma (CC) in an adult in his sixth decade is a rare presentation. We present a case report of surgical management of a case of CC in an adult in his sixth decade with extensive erosion of the bony labyrinth and facial canal, reaching up to the internal auditory meatus without eroding the ossicles or extension into the mastoid.
Rare Epidermoid Cyst in Bony External Auditory Canal with Labyrinthine Fistula
Authors: Chauhan Bhushan , Singh Gurchand , Kaur Mehakleen , Godara Shweta
Published: November 2024

The presence of an epidermoid cyst in the bony wall of the external auditory canal (EAC) is an exceedingly rare condition, often necessitating surgical intervention due to meatal obstruction. A 13-year-old girl presented with a mass in the right EAC, causing obliteration, bony destruction, and profound sensorineural hearing loss. Temporal bone computed tomography revealed a labyrinthine fistula resulting from soft-tissue density eroding the cochlear promontory’s bony wall. The 8.6 mm × 6.8 mm mass was excised through a postaural approach under general anesthesia, followed by tympanoplasty with cortical mastoidectomy. Histopathological examination confirmed the presence of an epidermoid cyst in the bony EAC. Postoperatively, there was a modest improvement in hearing. Despite the rarity of such cases, considering epidermoid cysts in EAC mass evaluations is crucial to mitigate the potential risk of malignant transformation.
Investigation of the Effect of Pediatric Serous Otitis Media on Music Perception and Auditory Processing
Authors: Aygün Rabia , Gökçe Büsra , Özdamar Osman Ilkay , Acar Gül Özbilen
Published: November 2024

Background:

Otitis media (OM) with effusion is a common early childhood condition. While the auditory nervous system develops, exposure to inconsistent auditory stimuli can affect sound perception. It is also known that musical perception may be affected, as well as auditory processing, by serous OM (SOM).

Aims and Objectives:

Our study aimed to evaluate the musical perception and auditory processing of children with normal hearing who had a history of SOM in early childhood.

Materials and Methods:

Children aged 8–13 years with (n = 20) and without (n = 22) a history of SOM in early childhood who were determined to have normal hearing by audiological tests were included. The Montreal Battery of Evaluation of Musical Abilities (MBEMA) was used to assess their musical perception; the frequency pattern test (FPT), the duration pattern test (DPT), and the gap detection (GD) were applied to evaluate their temporal processing skills. The Turkish version of the Children’s Auditory Performance Scale (CHAPS) was used for subjective evaluations.

Results:

A statistically significant difference between the groups was found in the scores of the melody subtest of the MBEMA (P = 0.028), in FPT (P = 0.007), in DPT (P = 0.038), and in CHAPS scores (P = 0.028), but no statistically significant difference was noted between GD values (P > 0.05). A moderate (0.324) positive correlation was found between the melody test and the FPT. A moderate (0.316) positive correlation was found between the FPT and CHAPS results.

Conclusion:

OM, common in early childhood, may negatively affect music perception and auditory processing skills.
Correlation Study between Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media Severity and the Air Conduction Threshold of Its Contralateral Ear
Authors: Wahyudiono Ahmad Dian , Tanudjaja Beatrice , Indrasworo Dyah
Published: November 2024

Background:

The more severe the middle ear inflammation with chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM), the more likely its contralateral middle ear suffers from chronic otitis media. Paparella’s continuum theory describes otitis media as a continuous and dynamic inflammation that starts from eustachian tube blockage. This ongoing and prolonged inflammation may affect the contralateral ear (CLE), manifesting in bilateral chronic otitis media.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study on 42 medical records of CSOM patients hospitalized for middle ear surgery. In this research, we used the middle ear risk index (MERI) scoring to measure CSOM severity, which is estimated to affect air conduction (AC) threshold of the CLE by interfering with its middle ear impedance. The correlation between the MERI score of the CSOM ear and AC of the CLE was analyzed using the Pearson correlation test.

Results:

There was a strong positive correlation between the MERI score of CSOM with cholesteatoma and its CLE AC threshold (r = 0.610, P < 0.01), while the MERI score of CSOM without cholesteatoma had a weak positive correlation with its CLE AC (r = 0.384, P < 0.05).

Conclusions:

The higher MERI scores in either CSOM with cholesteatoma or without cholesteatoma were correlated to higher CLE AC threshold.