bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ge-As-S chalcogenide fiber combiner for efficient mid-infrared power scaling
Authors: Qiu Tianying , Qi Sisheng , Xiao Feixiang , Feng Xian , Ren He , Tian Kangzhen , Yang Zhiyong , Zhang Long
Published: October 2024

A fiber combiner is a flexible optical component that can superimpose the power of multiple lasers to yield much higher output power than the available power from a single laser source. In this work, we report the design, fabrication, and characterization of a high-efficiency mid-infrared 3 × 1 chalcogenide glass fiber combiner. For the first time, the fiber combiner has been fabricated based on Ge-As-S glass, which has a significantly higher damage threshold than the conventionally used As-S glass. A power combining experiment has been carried out on the fabricated Ge-As-S glass fiber combiner at mid-infrared wavelengths. The input and output fibers of the combiner have core diameters of 100 µm and 220 µm, respectively. The taper ratio is 2, while the taper transition length is 10 mm and the waist length is 5 mm. The measurement shows that the power combining efficiency of the fiber combiner is ∼75.1% at 4.6 µm and ∼77.0% at 2 µm, respectively. When each of the three input fibers is launched with a 6 W 2-µm laser simultaneously with a coupling efficiency of ∼64.2%, a total power of 8.9 W is obtained from the output fiber. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest recorded output power from a mid-IR fiber combiner. It has, therefore, demonstrated the promise of Ge-As-S chalcogenide fiber combiners for efficient mid-infrared 2-5 µm power scaling.
Demonstration of an ultra-wideband wavelength self-adaptive and high-precision single-frequency laser linewidth measurement system
Authors: Yang Dandan , Li Ting , Yan Fengping , Feng Ting , Yu Chenhao , Qin Qi , Wang Xiangdong , Guo Hao , Jiang Youchao , Cai Yuezhi , Ji Wenjie , Tan Haoyu , Huang Qiuyu , Peng Siyu
Published: October 2024

An ultra-wideband wavelength self-adaptive and high-precision single-frequency laser linewidth measurement system (SFLLMS) is constructed. The SFLLMS enables parameter measurement of the laser in the wavelength range of 1–2.05 µm with a 9 Hz linewidth measurement resolution and ±45 Hz linewidth measurement accuracy. The wavelength measurement accuracy of the constructed system is ±0.008 nm, and it consumes less than 4.9 s for a single measurement. The wavelengths and linewidths of lasers in the 1 µm band with a center wavelength of 1064.5222 nm, the 1.5 µm band with a center wavelength of 1550.1973nm, the 1.94 µm band with a center wavelength of 1940.8327 nm, and the 2.05 µm band with a center wavelength of 2049.0460 nm were measured using the constructed SFLLMS. The wavelength measurement accuracy and linewidth measurement accuracy were calculated. The times for single linewidth measurement at different powers of the four lasers were also recorded.
Bayesian inference of state feedback control parameters for fo perturbation responses in cerebellar ataxia
Authors: Gaines Jessica L. , Kim Kwang S. , Parrell Ben , Ramanarayanan Vikram , Pongos Alvincé L. , Nagarajan Srikantan S. , Houde John F.
Published: October 2024

Behavioral speech tasks have been widely used to understand the mechanisms of speech motor control in typical speakers as well as in various clinical populations. However, determining which neural functions differ between typical speakers and clinical populations based on behavioral data alone is difficult because multiple mechanisms may lead to the same behavioral differences. For example, individuals with cerebellar ataxia (CA) produce atypically large compensatory responses to pitch perturbations in their auditory feedback, compared to typical speakers, but this pattern could have many explanations. Here, computational modeling techniques were used to address this challenge. Bayesian inference was used to fit a state feedback control (SFC) model of voice fundamental frequency (fo) control to the behavioral pitch perturbation responses of speakers with CA and typical speakers. This fitting process resulted in estimates of posterior likelihood distributions for five model parameters (sensory feedback delays, absolute and relative levels of auditory and somatosensory feedback noise, and controller gain), which were compared between the two groups. Results suggest that the speakers with CA may proportionally weight auditory and somatosensory feedback differently from typical speakers. Specifically, the CA group showed a greater relative sensitivity to auditory feedback than the control group. There were also large group differences in the controller gain parameter, suggesting increased motor output responses to target errors in the CA group. These modeling results generate hypotheses about how CA may affect the speech motor system, which could help guide future empirical investigations in CA. This study also demonstrates the overall proof-of-principle of using this Bayesian inference approach to understand behavioral speech data in terms of interpretable parameters of speech motor control models.
Factors influencing the implementation of integrated screening for HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B for pregnant women in Nepal: A qualitative study
Authors: Sabin Lucie , Haghparast-Bidgoli Hassan , Thapaliya Bibhu , Chand Obindra , Bhattarai Sanju , Arjyal Abriti , Saville Naomi
Published: October 2024

In Nepal, national guidelines recommend free HIV and syphilis screening for pregnant women at their first antenatal visit, using an opt-out approach. However, screening uptake is low and the guidelines do not include hepatitis B screening. It is essential to understand the factors influencing the implementation of integrated screening for HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B, as recommended by WHO, to improve uptake and prevent vertical transmission. This study explored the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of pregnant women, their families, healthcare providers and policymakers on integrated prenatal screening. We conducted 12 in-depth interviews with pregnant women, 10 with their husbands and 4 with mothers-in-law in Kapilvastu and Kathmandu. In addition, we interviewed 7 health workers and 4 decision-makers. These interviews were sufficient to reach saturation. Data were analysed using a thematic content analysis. A combination of the social-ecological model and the WHO building blocks provided a theoretical framework for interpreting data. The analysis showed that antenatal screening in Nepal involved many stakeholders and was influenced by various factors. Implementation issues were found in the building blocks service delivery, health workforce and medical products. Husbands and in-laws play an important role in the acceptance of screening by pregnant women, especially in rural areas. High levels of stigma and discrimination against people with sexually transmitted diseases were reported, and knowledge of hepatitis B and syphilis was low. Access and uptake of screening could be improved through rapid testing, by strengthening the health system and by integrating hepatitis B screening through an opt-out approach like that for HIV and syphilis. Effective community involvement through awareness campaigns and investment in lower-level health facilities is essential to improve screening rates. This study provides information for decision-makers about challenges in implementing integrated screening to guide the design of targeted interventions to reduce vertical transmission.
Impact of natural disasters on HIV risk behaviors, seroprevalence, and virological supression in a hyperendemic fishing village in Uganda
Authors: Nakawooya Hadijja , Ssempijja Victor , Ndyanabo Anthony , Yeh Ping Teresa , W. Chang Larry , J. Wawer Maria , Nalugoda Fred , Serwadda David , H. Gray Ronald , Kagaayi Joseph , Reynolds Steven J. , Lutalo Tom , Kigozi Godfrey , Grabowski M. Kate , Ssekubugu Robert
Published: October 2024

Background

Understanding the impact of natural disasters on the HIV epidemic in populations with high HIV burden is critical for the effective delivery of HIV control efforts. We assessed HIV risk behaviors, seroprevalence, and viral suppression in a high HIV prevalence Lake Victoria fishing community before and after COVID-19 emergence and lockdown and a severe lake flooding event, both of which occurred in 2020.

Methods

We used data from the largest Lake Victoria fishing community in the Rakai Community Cohort Study, an open population-based HIV surveillance cohort in south-central Uganda. The data were collected both prior to (September-December 2018) and after (October-December 2021) COVID-19 emergence and a severe flooding event. Households impacted by flooding were identified via drone data and through consulting village community health workers. The entire study population was subject to extensive COVID-19-related lockdowns in the first half of 2020. Differences in HIV-related outcomes before and after COVID, and between residents of flooded and non-flooded households, were assessed using a difference-in-differences statistical modeling approach.

Findings

A total of 1,226 people participated in the pre- and post-COVID surveys, of whom 506 (41%) were affected by flooding. HIV seroprevalence in the initial period was 37% in flooded and 36.8% in non-flooded households. After the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown, we observed a decline in HIV-associated risk behaviors: transactional sex declined from 29.4% to 24.8% (p = 0.011), and inconsistent condom use with non-marital partners declined from 41.6% to 37% (p = 0.021). ART coverage increased from 91.6% to 97.2% (p<0.001). There was 17% decline in transactional sex (aPR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.75–0.92) and 28% decline in the overall HIV risk score (aPR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.75–0.92) among HIV-seronegative participants. We observed no statistically significant differences in changes of HIV risk behavior, seroprevalence, or viral suppression outcomes when comparing those affected by floods to those not affected by floods, in the periods before and after COVID-19, based on difference-in-differences analyses.

Interpretation

Despite a high background burden of HIV, the COVID-19 pandemic, and severe flooding, we observed no adverse impact on HIV risk behaviors, seroprevalence, or virologic outcomes. This may be attributed to innovative HIV programming during the period and/or population resilience. Understanding exactly what HIV programs and personal or community-level strategies worked to maintain good public health outcomes despite extreme environmental and pandemic conditions may help improve HIV epidemic control during future natural disaster events.
Does corporate governance differ by sector? An analysis under good practice criteria. The case of Spain
Authors: Corral-Lage Javier , Garayeta Asier , Trigo Eduardo , De la Peña J. Iñaki
Published: October 2024

The aim of this paper is to analyse how the factors remuneration, supervision and board structure influence the good corporate governance of companies in the Spanish Continuous Market. This paper develops, for the first time, an index based on the recommendations defined in the Good Governance Code of Listed Companies. This paper measures remuneration, monitoring and governance structure and employs a multiple linear regression model modelling corporate governance as a latent factor. Based on this model, this research presents empirical evidence of the relationship between corporate governance and the defined variables, considering Spanish Continuous Market firms disaggregated by sector. To date, there are no studies that have taken into account the analysis for all sectors in the same country. Among the conclusions, the research finds that the larger a company is, the better the mechanisms for providing an optimal degree of governance, as is the case in the oil, energy and technology sectors. In another sense, the higher the number of proprietary directors the lower the levels of good governance, mainly in basic materials, industrial, construction and consumer goods and services companies. The empirical results also justify the inclusion of Corporate Governance-related factors in governance regulation.
Multilevel factors associated with delays in screening, diagnosis, and treatment for lung cancer—A mixed methods systematic review protocol
Authors: Nduaguba Sabina O. , Kelly Kimberly M.
Published: October 2024

Background

Factors affecting time to lung cancer care may occur at multiple levels of influence. Mixed-methods reviews provide an approach for collectively synthesizing both quantitative and qualitative data. Prior reviews on timeliness of lung cancer care have included only either quantitative or qualitative data, been agnostic of the multilevel nature of influencing factors, or focused on a single factor such as gender or socioeconomic inequalities.

Objective

We aimed to update the literature on systematic reviews and identify multilevel factors associated with delays in lung cancer screening, diagnosis, and treatment.

Design

The proposed systematic review will be conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Manual for Evidence Synthesis specific for mixed methods systematic reviews. Reporting will be consistent with PRISMA guidelines.

Methods

Medline (PubMed), CINAHL, and SCOPUS will be searched using validated search terms for lung cancer and factors, health disparities and time/delay. Eligible studies will include original articles with quantitative, qualitative, or mixed-methods designs that investigate health disparities in, risk factors for, or barriers to timely screening, confirmatory diagnosis, or treatment among patients with lung cancer or those at risk for lung cancer. Title, abstract, and full-text screening, study quality assessment, and data extraction will be conducted by two reviewers. A convergent integrated approach with thematic synthesis will be applied to synthesize the extracted and generated analytical themes.

Discussion

Findings from this review will inform the design of an intervention to address delays in lung cancer screening for high-risk persons, diagnosis of suspected lung cancer, and treatment of confirmed cases.
Analysis of low-density lipoprotein receptor gene mutations in a family with familial hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Hu Ya-nan , Wu Min , Yu Hong-ping , Wu Qiu-yan , Chen Ying , Zhang Jian-Hui , Ruan Dan-dan , Zhang Yan-ping , Zou Jing , Zhang Li , Lin Xin-fu , Fang Zhu-ting , Liao Li-Sheng , Lin Fan , Li Hong , Luo Jie-Wei
Published: October 2024

Background

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a common monogenic autosomal dominant disorder, primarily mainly caused by pathogenic mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene. Through phenotypic-genetic linkage analysis, two LDLR pathogenic mutations were identified in FH families: c.G1027A (p.Gly343Ser) and c.G1879A (p.Ala627Thr).

Materials and methods

Whole exome sequencing was conducted on the proband with familial hypercholesterolemia to identify the target gene and screen for potential pathogenic mutations. The suspicious responsible mutation sites in 14 family members were analyzed using Sanger sequencing to assess genotype-phenotype correlations. Mutant and wild type plasmids were constructed and transfected into HEK293T cells to evaluate LDLR mRNA and protein expression. In parallel, bioinformatics tools were employed to predict structural and functional changes in the mutant LDLR.

Results

Immunofluorescence analysis revealed no significant difference in the intracellular localization of the p.Gly343Ser mutation, whereas protein expression of the p.Ala627Thr mutation was decreased and predominantly localized in the cytoplasm. Western blotting has showed that protein expression levels of the mutant variants were markedly declined in both cell lysates and supernatants. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay has demonstrated that LDLR protein levels in the supernatant of cell culture medium was not significant different from those of the wild-type group. However, LDLR protein levels in the cell lysate of both the Gly343Ser and Ala627Thr variants groups were significantly lower than those in the wild-type group. Bioinformatic predictions further suggested that these mutations may affect post-translational modifications of the protein, providing additional insight into the mechanisms underlying the observed reduction in protein expression.

Conclusions

In this study, we identified two heterozygous pathogenic variants in the LDLR gene, c.G1027A (p.Gly343Ser) and c.G1879A (p.Ala627Thr), in a family with familial hypercholesterolemia. We also conducted preliminary investigations into the mechanisms by which these mutations contribute to disease pathology.
Comparative study of machine learning approaches integrated with genetic algorithm for IVF success prediction
Authors: Dehghan Shirin , Rabiei Reza , Choobineh Hamid , Maghooli Keivan , Nazari Mozhdeh , Vahidi-Asl Mojtaba
Published: October 2024

Introduction

IVF is a widely-used assisted reproductive technology with a consistent success rate of around 30%, and improving this rate is crucial due to emotional, financial, and health-related implications for infertile couples. This study aimed to develop a model for predicting IVF outcome by comparing five machine-learning techniques.

Method

The research approached five prominent machine learning algorithms, including Random Forest, Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Recursive Partitioning and Regression Trees (RPART), and AdaBoost, in the context of IVF success prediction. The study also incorporated GA as a feature selection method to enhance the predictive models’ robustness.

Results

Findings demonstrate that AdaBoost, particularly when combined with GA feature selection, achieved the highest accuracy rate of 89.8%. Using GA, Random Forest also demonstrated strong performance, achieving an accuracy rate of 87.4%. Genetic Algorithm significantly improved the performance of all classifiers, emphasizing the importance of feature selection. Ten crucial features, including female age, AMH, endometrial thickness, sperm count, and various indicators of oocyte and embryo quality, were identified as key determinants of IVF success.

Conclusion

These findings underscore the potential of machine learning and feature selection techniques to assist IVF clinicians in providing more accurate predictions, enabling tailored treatment plans for each patient. Future research and validation can further enhance the practicality and reliability of these predictive models in clinical IVF practice.
Epidemiological study of the relationship between meteorological factors and onset of acute aortic dissection in Japan
Authors: Ishikawa Ayami , Sato Yasuto , Terai Yasuhiko , Usui Takeshi
Published: October 2024

Several factors influence the onset of acute aortic dissection (AAD). However, few studies have examined AAD onset, weather conditions, and meteorological factors in Japan. This study aimed to identify meteorological factors associated with the onset of AAD in Japan. In this self-controlled study, patients diagnosed with AAD onset from May 1, 2012, to April 30, 2021, at Shizuoka City Shizuoka Hospital (Shizuoka, Japan) were included. Meteorological data from the Shizuoka District Meteorological Office were used. Control days were randomly selected from a 29-day period centered on the day of onset. Conditional logistic regression models were used to obtain odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the onset of AAD relative to the control day due to changes in meteorological factors. In total, 538 patients were included. The meteorological factors associated with the onset of AAD were identified as the daily mean temperature (OR = 1.10; 95% CI = 1.04–1.16), daily minimum temperature (OR = 1.09; 95% CI = 1.03–1.14), daily maximum temperature (OR = 1.05; 95% CI = 1.00–1.10), and the mean of the daily mean temperatures for the previous 7 days (OR = 1.17; 95% CI = 1.07–1.28) with a 1°C decrease in the temperature. The results of this study are expected to help raise awareness in clinical practice and among the general public about the increased risk of AAD associated with a drop in temperature.
Luteolin target HSPB1 regulates endothelial cell ferroptosis to protect against radiation vascular injury
Authors: Wen Li , Zhang Weiyuan , Hu Jia , Chen Tao , Wang Yiming , Lv Changchang , Li Min , Wang Lisheng , Xiao Fengjun
Published: October 2024

Vascular endothelial damage due to ionizing radiation is the main pathological process of radiation injury and the main cause of damage to various organs in nuclear accidents. Ferroptosis plays an important role in ionizing radiation-induced cell death. We have previously reported that luteolin is highly resistant to ferroptosis. In the present study, body weight, microvessel count, H&E, and Masson staining results showed that luteolin rescued radial vascular injury in vivo. Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK8), Giemsa staining clarified the anti-ferroptosis ability of luteolin with low toxicity. Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), NADP+/NADPH, Fe2+ staining, dihydroethidium (DHE) and MitoTracker assays for ferroptosis-related metrics, we found that luteolin enhances human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) antioxidant damage capacity. Drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS), surface plasmon resonance (SPR), computer simulated docking and western blot showed that heat shock protein beta-1 (HSPB1) is one of the targets of luteolin action. Luteolin inhibits ferroptosis by promoting the protein expression of HSPB1/solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11)/ glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). In conclusion, we have preliminarily elucidated the antioxidant damage ferroptosis ability and the target of action of luteolin to provide a theoretical basis for the application of luteolin in radiation injury diseases.
Distal sagittal forelimb conformation in young Walloon horses: Radiographic assessment and its relationship with osteochondral fragments
Authors: Van Cauter Raphaël , Caudron Isabelle , Lejeune Jean-Philippe , Rousset Alycia , Serteyn Didier
Published: October 2024

Osteochondral fragments within equine joints are commonly encountered and may predispose to lameness and limitation to sport purposes. Factors leading to this condition include genetic, nutritional and environmental conditions. However, few studies have evaluated the impact of conformation traits and their correlation with osteochondrosis. This study, based on the radiographic screenings of young horses born in Wallonia (266 individuals, 532 forelimbs), evaluated the correlation between foot, fetlock conformations of the front limb, height at the withers and presence of osteochondral fragments. Moreover, for all traits significantly associated with the presence of osteochondral fragments, a Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curve, area under the curve and optimal cut-off value were calculated to predict the occurrence of fragments. Mean dorsal hoof wall angle was 52.36°, dorsal and palmar angle of the third phalanx were respectively 49.83° and 2.99°, and dorsal metacarpophalangeal angle 147.99°. Moreover, the prevalence of upright feet, defined as having an inclined profile of >2° steeper in relation to its contralateral counterpart, was 24%. Increased palmar angle of the distal phalanx was significantly correlated (P < 0.05) with presence of fragments located at the dorso-proximal margin of the proximal phalanx. The associated area under the curve was 0.623 (95% CI: 0528–0.717, P < 0.05) and the optimal cut-off value to predict fragment occurrence was 2.95° (sensitivity 77.3%; specificity 52.9%). Furthermore, the third metacarpal bone diameter of the left forelimb and height at the withers were significantly (P < 0.05) correlated with the presence of osteochondral fragments in general and within tarsocrural and metatarsophalangeal joints specifically. The area under the curve was 0.585 (95% CI: 0.513–0.656, P < 0.05) with an optimal cut-off value of 152.5 cm (sensitivity 85.1%; specificity 31.2%) for height at the withers to predict presence of osteochondral fragment; to predict the occurrence of osteochondral fragment in any joint on the basis of the third metacarpal bone diameter, the area under the curve was 0.595 (95% CI: 0.524–0.667, P <0.05) and the optimal cut-off value 34.9 mm (sensitivity 52.5%; specificity 64.9%). This study provides information about phenotypic traits associated with osteochondral fragments in horses. Although the diagnostic accuracy of these traits to detect osteochondral fragment was limited, the identification of more phenotypic characteristics could, in the future, make it possible to generate models for accurately identifying individuals at high risk of osteochondral fragments on the basis of their phenotype.
Editors-in-chief publishing in dental journals: Concerns in self-publishing
Authors: Nourmand Elina , Swed Rachel , Delgado-Ruiz Rafael , Romanos Georgios
Published: October 2024

Editors-in-chief (EICs) have a significant amount of control over the publications that are accepted in their journals, which may result in ethical predicaments. This study investigates the potential conflict of interest of EICs from various dental journals by quantifying the number of their self-published articles during their years as EIC. Based on representation across many dental disciplines and high impact factors, 67 EICs from 19 dental journals during 1990–2023 were studied. To keep anonymity, each journal was randomly assigned a letter A-S and each editor-in-chief (EIC) was given the same letter as their journal with a random number 1–67. After gathering the years each EIC served, online library resources were searched to enumerate each EIC’s lifetime publications and total self-publications during their term, excluding editorials for both counts. Descriptive statistics were performed to evaluate the results. The results indicate that 16 EICs self-published more than the average of 23.27 articles during their term. When considering EIC tenure, a ratio of self-publications per year was calculated, averaging 2.12 publications. Twenty-two EICs authored more articles annually than the average ratio. After calculating the impact factors of each EIC from the years they serviced their journal, a total of 22 impact factors exceeded the established mean of 2.45. Lastly, when comparing the percentage of self-publications from total lifetime publications, 24 of 67 EICs were above the average. Overall, a significantly increased number of self-publications was detected, presenting potential conflicts of interest for EICs. Therefore, it remains essential to develop clear guidelines and international standards regarding the practice of EICs self-publishing in their journals during their service term.
A brief stop on the design research journey
Authors: Ely Philip
Published: October 2024

This editorial introduces Issue 10.1 which includes contributions on our understanding of designed artefacts and interactions, the possibilities of designed artefacts as forms of activism, the challenges of new recruits assimilating into design firms and an exploration of intersectional feminist thinking in design. Acknowledging the collective efforts of editorial teams, reviewers and authors from previous issues, the Editorial introduces the new editorial team and lays out ideas towards future issues.
Three theoretical foundations for interaction design theory, practice and exploration
Authors: Kelly Nick , Hobson Sam , Greentree Jess
Published: October 2024

Purpose: This article reviews the theoretical foundations of interaction design to draw attention to three theoretical foundations of the field. It suggests that these three foundations endure even as the theory, practice and exploration of interaction design continue to evolve. Methodology: The article integrates and extends the foundational work of prior theorists to contribute novel responses to persistent questions about the nebulous nature of interaction design and its relationship with digital technologies as they continue to develop. It takes the form of a review, integrating the work of key theorists within the field, including Gui Bonsiepe, Kristina Höök, Jon Kolko, Jonas Löwgren and Erik Stolterman amongst others. Findings: An integrative review of the literature leads to a proposal for three foundations for interaction design, that it: (1) involves seeing the world as design for dialogues between users and complex artefacts; (2) pertains to particular kinds of design complexity and (3) is concerned with dialogues that extend across both the material and the virtual and involve control and representation technologies. Implications: The article discusses theoretical underpinnings of interaction design and makes a novel contribution to an ongoing discussion within the field about coherency. The work has particular significance for those involved in teaching interaction design. Originality: Three theoretical foundations for interaction design are suggested in this article. They are a synthesis of prior theoretical works leading to a novel perspective on the coherency between interaction design exploration, practice and theory.
La metáfora de la mujer objeto y su reiteración en la publicidad
Authors: Ribas Montserrat , Todolí Júlia
Published: October 2024

Uno de los temas que ha irrumpido con fuerza en los estudios de género es el de las nuevas masculinidades. Curiosamente, no observamos que se haga referencia a nuevas feminidades. ¿Es que no existen? Probablemente este desinterés por lo femenino no sea más que un nuevo ejemplo del mantenimiento del androcentrismo dominante. En este artículo queremos reflexionar sobre esto, sobre cómo el androcentrismo hegemónico ha elevado la mujer objeto al ideal de mujer y cómo esta metáfora ha funcionado y sigue funcionando en la organización del imaginario colectivo. Para observar los mecanismos cognitivos e interactivos que activa esta representación, analizamos algunos anuncios publicitarios que nos han parecido especialmente relevantes, y lo hacemos desde la perspectiva funcionalista que proponen Kress i van Leeuwen (1996) para el análisis de imágenes.
Análisis Crítico del discurso de las personas en situación de pobreza extrema en América Latina. Introducción
Authors: Pardo María Laura
Published: October 2024

Análisis Crítico del discurso de las personas en situación de pobreza extrema en América Latina. Introducción.
Pobreza y salud mental desde el Análisis Crítico del Discurso. El aislamiento social y el deterioro comunicativo y cognitivo
Authors: Pardo María Laura , Buscaglia Virginia
Published: October 2024

Este estudio surge de una investigación anterior (Pardo, 2008a) sobre deterioro comunicativo y cognitivo en personas psicóticas o delirantes. La investigación se enmarca en el Análisis Crítico del Discurso y se centra en el discurso de las personas en situación de calle y pobreza extrema. Durante el estudio se hicieron presentes diferencias en el deterioro comunicativo y cognitivo de los sujetos según el lugar en el que se encontraban. Lo que llevó a la pregunta de si existía alguna correlación entre los espacios en los que estas personas desarrollaban su vida (nosocomios, hospederías, clínicas privadas, calle) y el deterioro que presentaban. Nuestro objetivo es intentar proporcionar mediante un análisis lingüístico - discursivo y una interpretación multidisciplinar una herramienta útil que permita un mejor tratamiento y calidad de vida a las personas que padecen de estos trastornos. El corpus está constituido por historias de vida, narraciones de las sesiones transcriptas de diferentes pacientes, cartas, poemas, diarios personales, etc. Las teorías lingüísticas que utilizamos para el análisis son: la teoría de la argumentación de Toulmin (1958), la teoría de la jerarquización de la información (Pardo, 1996), la tonalización (Lavandera, 1989) y especialmente el método sincrónico-diacrónico de análisis lingüístico de textos (Pardo, 1995, 2006, 2008b). Desde el plano psiquiátrico nos basamos en Crow (1997, 2000) en lo que hace a la teoría filogenética y nos manejamos dentro del marco de la teoría psicoanalítica como modo de abordaje del sujeto productor de los textos que analizamos. La metodología es cualitativa.
“Hola María”: racismo y discriminación en la interacción interétnica cotidiana en Quito
Authors: Placencia María Elena
Published: October 2024

En este trabajo examinamos prácticas sociales discriminatorias, con base en prejuicios étnico-raciales, en la interacción cotidiana entre indígenas de nacionalidad kichwa mayormente y blanco-mestizos en Quito. Es parte de un estudio más amplio que explora el tema desde varias perspectivas: la de los indígenas, la de los blanco-mestizos y la que proporciona el análisis de interacciones interétnicas. Nos centramos aquí en la primera perspectiva que examinamos por medio de entrevistas en profundidad y discusiones de grupo focales con indígenas residentes en Quito. Nos referimos también a datos de observación de interacciones entre indígenas y blanco-mestizos. El estudio se apoya en trabajos en el área de análisis del discurso crítico que se ocupan del racismo (van Dijk, 1984, 1987, 2002, 2003; Wodak & Matouschek, 1998; Pilleux, 2005; Quilaqueo, 2005, entre otros) y trabajos en comunicación intercultural, sociopragmática, antropología y sociología, particularmente en América Latina (v. Gugenberger, 1997), y en Ecuador en concreto (Cervone, 1999a; De la Torre Espinosa, 2002a [1996]). Empleando la teoría de la gestión interrelacional de Spencer-Oatey (2000, 2008) examinamos cómo se construyen las prácticas discriminatorias a través de diferentes ámbitos de gestión de las relaciones sociales: el estilístico, el participativo, el ilocutivo, y el no verbal. Mostramos cómo los indígenas ven amenazadas sus relaciones con los blanco-mestizos mediante diversos mecanismos verbales y no verbales que los últimos emplean; con estos mecanismos recrean una ideología dominante que posiciona al indígena en una escala inferior frente al blanco-mestizo y que niega su estatus de cliente / comprador / compañero de estudios, etc. válido.
Pensar la relación análisis crítico del discurso y educación. El caso de la representación de indígenas y afrodescendientes en los manuales escolares de ciencias sociales en Colombia
Authors: Soler Castillo Sandra
Published: October 2024

En este artículo propongo el Análisis Crítico del Discurso (ACD) como herramienta esencial para la comprensión de los discursos de y sobre la escuela. Comienzo por presentar algunos antecedentes de la relación análisis de discurso y educación; establezco su relación con el contexto educativo a partir de la reseña de una investigación realizada por Rogers et al. en la que se hace una revisión de la literatura anglosajona en la que educación y ACD son la base; planteo el vínculo entre ACD y pedagogía crítica, y finalizo con un ejemplo de ACD en el campo educativo en el que analizo los textos escolares de ciencias sociales de dos de las editoriales de mayor circulación en Colombia: el Grupo Editorial Norma y Editorial Santillana.
Discurso e inmigración en España. Una aproximación crítica. Introducción
Authors: Bañón Hernández Antonio Miguel
Published: October 2024

Discurso e inmigración en España. Una aproximación crítica. Introducción.
Las relaciones entre las características lingüísticas y visuales de las noticias sobre inmigración en la prensa gratuita y su relación con la audiencia
Authors: Martínez Lirola María
Published: October 2024

En este trabajo se explorarán las principales estrategias lingüísticas y visuales empleadas para crear significado en dos textos multimodales sobre inmigración publicados en un periódico local de Alicante. También se observará cómo el texto escrito de cada artículo contribuye, junto con la imagen, a la creación de una imagen determinada de los inmigrantes caracterizada por la pobreza y la exclusión. El análisis tendrá como marco teórico la gramática visual (Kress y van Leeuwen, 2006) y el Análisis Crítico del Discurso con el fin de establecer una relación entre las diferentes elecciones lingüísticas y visuales que aparecen en las noticias de prensa analizadas y la influencia que estas elecciones tienen en la creación del significado y en la recepción del mensaje por los lectores. El fin de esta investigación es entender algunas de las visiones negativas que los lectores de la prensa gratuita tienen sobre la inmigración, pues el análisis pone de manifiesto que los textos analizados representan una imagen negativa del fenómeno migratorio.
Hypothesis on black holes as dimensional portals and information preservation
Authors: Khatiwoda Primos
Published: October 2024

Background: Black holes are traditionally viewed as cosmic entities from which nothing can escape, leading to the notion that information is lost when it crosses their event horizons. This idea is challenged by the information paradox, which raises questions about the preservation of information in light of quantum mechanics.
Objective: This manuscript aims to propose a new hypothesis that redefines the nature of black holes by suggesting they function as dimensional portals, preserving information instead of destroying it.
Methods: A mathematical model is introduced, featuring a teleportation function, T(D), that describes how information transforms when moving from our three-dimensional space into a higher-dimensional framework.
Results: The proposed hypothesis aligns with the principles of quantum mechanics, suggesting that information is retained in a different dimension and may enhance our understanding of black hole thermodynamics, including concepts like Hawking radiation and entropy.
Conclusion: The idea of black holes as dimensional portals offers a fresh perspective on the information paradox and presents new avenues for future research in both theoretical and observational physics.
Comparative view of the modified Vogel’s approximation methods in transportation problem
Authors: Ajayi T. M.
Published: October 2024

Recently, the whole world is experiencing economic hardship and one fast road to ply is to cut out some expenses. Xlife group is equally affected and so the study proposes a means to minimize its transportation cost if effected. A comparative surgery on Vogel’s approximation with its modified versions were conducted on minimizing the cost of transporting manufactured goods from (Xlife group’s) points of supply to certain destinations was undertaken. The Vogel's Approximation Method (VAM) and the Modified Vogel's Approximation Method based on standard deviation, distribution indicators and average cost were applied to determine an initial basic feasible solution and optimal solution for certain transportation problems. All methods yield identical minimum transportation cost except at an instance.
Conduta ortodôntica para incisivos fusionados, associados a dentes supranumerários e impacção de caninos: relato de caso
Authors: de Morais Alves da Cunha Taís , Joaquim da Silva Neto João
Published: October 2024

﻿INTRODUÇÃO: Durante a odontogênese, pode ocorrer a união de dois dentes, o que caracteriza a anomalia de forma, extremamente rara, denominada fusão. As anomalias dentárias têm origem hereditária ou ambiental e provocam má oclusão e forte impacto estético. Sendo assim, o estudo das recorrentes associações entre anomalias dentárias e abordagens preventivas e terapêuticas é imprescindível na prática clínica ortodôntica. OBJETIVO: Descrever o caso clínico de uma paciente Classe II com mordida cruzada posterior, que apresentava dentes supranumerários, impacção de caninos...
VARIABEL PRODUKSI CAMEL DAN KARAKTERISTIK BANK LAINNYA UNTNUK MEMPREDIKSI KEBANGKRUTAN BANK DI INDONESIA
Authors: Januarti Indira
Published: October 2024

The objectives of this study to provide an empirical evidence variablesproxy for CAMEL and other bank characteristics for predicting bank bankcruptcy . The study uses 333 bank as sample which comprise of governmental bank, general bank and regional development bank in Indonesia tor one and two years before bankcrupt.The hypothesis was analysed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. The result shows that variables equity, loanta, NIM, ROA, Core, Insider and Logsize were significantly different between bankcruptbank and non-bankcrupt bank. The accurancy of model for predicting 199 7bankcruptcy to 1999 bankcruptcy tend to decrease.
MANFAAT INDIKATOR-INDIKATOR KEUANGAN DALAM PEMBENTUKAN MODEL PREDIKSI KONDISI KESEHATAN PERBANKAN
Authors: Sugiyanto FX , Prasetiono Prasetiono , Hariyanto Teddy
Published: October 2024

Financial distress prediction is an essential issue in finance. Especially in emerging economies, predicting the future financial situation of individual corporate entities is even more significant, bearing in mind the general economic turnrr.oil that can be caused by business failures. Following this discrimination approach this study explores the usefulness of financial ratios in constructing the discrimination models as an early waring system. Theratios used in the models were compiled from financial report: of 11 oIndonesian banks that listed in Indonesian Banking Directory. The result ofthis investigation show that financial ratios ara significant within 5% for one year before failure and 10% for two years before failure as bankruptcy prediction variable of a bank. Those ratios also explain that asset quality, management earning power and liquidity are the determines of the Indonesian banks banckruptcy.
THE PHILOSOPHY FOUNDATIONS OF MARKETING THEORY AND RESEARCH
Authors: Negara Danes Jaya
Published: October 2024

In marketing, there had been a simmering debate about its scientific status during the 1950s and 1960s but the Fall 1983 issue of the Journal of Marketing marked the start of this particular episode. This article provides the philosophy foundations of marketing thought at two centers of early development.  In particular is to evaluate scientific realism view and relativistic/contructionist view.  The author explores the nature of realism and relativism as it is currently being discussed in the philosophy of science. Scientific realism argues that truth is appropriate goal for marketing theory and research and that science can come to know the real word, though not with certainty. They argue that there is no grand theory of science. Relativists have long argued that there is no single method or approach to science. After addressing a fundamental premise of the entire debate, the author concludes that philosophically oriented marketing theorists need to further demonstrate the value of their work tor practicing marketing scientists.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PARTISIPASI PENYUSUNAN ANGGARAN TERHADAP KINERJA MANAJERIAL DENGAN KULTUR ORGANISASIONAL DAN LOCUS OF CONTROL SEBAGAI MODERATING (STUDI KASUS PADA PERTAMINA UNIT PENGOLAHAN VI BALONGAN)
Authors: DP Irene Rini. , Widanarta Nitya , Haryanto Mulyo
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji tingkat efektivitas dari partisipasi anggaran dalam meningkatkan kinerja manajerial di Pertamina Unit Pengolahan VI Balongan. Responden pada penelitian terdiri dari 124 karyawan mulai dari tingkat pengawas utama sampai dengan manajer. Data diperoleh dengan membagikan kuesioner pada para reseponden, kemudian diolah dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan regresi Uji nilai Selisih Mutlak. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa partisipasi penyusunan anggaran berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja manajerial. lnteraksi antara kultur organisasional sebagai variabel moderating dengan partisipasi penyusunan anggaran berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja manajerial. lnteraksi antara locus of control sebagai variabel moderating dengan partisipasi penyusunan anggaran berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja manajerial.
MODEL PENGENDALIAN ORGANISASI PADA PERUSAHAAN KELUARGA
Authors: Darsono Darsono , Pamudji Sugeng
Published: October 2024

Family firms have been dominated national economy. However, some of them go bankrupt when handled by third generation. The owner-manager doesn't calculate a complexity of responsibility when the company become bigger and bigger. He thinks the same paradigm all the time. To overcome that problem, we propose a family-firm model with different control on it. As Ouchi (1980) said that three controls model can be used, ie. market, bureaucracy, and clan.
MANAJEMEN MUTU TOTAL (TQM) PADA PENDIDIKAN TINGGI: POTENSI DAN KETERBATASAN
Authors: Yuniawan Ahyar
Published: October 2024

Banyak perguruan tinggi yang telah mengajarkan konsep dan filosofi manajemen mutu total (TQM), tetapi kontroversi yang menyangkut aplikasinya dalam pendidikan tampaknya belum disentuh dan cukup memanas. Kontroversi ini menyangkut tentang apakah TQM hanya sekedar entusiasme atau sebuah pergeseran paradigma utama. Apalagi saat ini, masa depan kebanyakan perguruan tinggi (PT) sedang dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor eksternal seperti tren-tren demografis, teknologi, perubahan ekonomi, dan kompetisi yang intens di antara PT itu sendiri. Jadi, dapat dikatakan bila pendidikan tinggi saat ini berada dalam tekanan untuk berubah yang tak terhindarkan. Dari sisi perusahaan, bisnis-bisnis yang mempekerjakan Jurusan PT mulai cukup vokal dalam menyampaikan ketidakpuasannya atas kualitas lu/usan PT. Sejumlah kesenjangan telah teridentifikasi dalam mutu manajemen pendidikan dan bisnis mengklaim bahwa PT tidak responsif dengan kebutuhan-kebutuhan para pelanggannya. Keluhan yang paling spesifik adalah universitas terlalu menekankan pada keahlian analisis dengan mengorbankan keahlian hubungan manusia. Ketika masih terjadi perdebatan di antara para akademisi tentang apakah manajemen mutu total hanya sekedar antusiasme atau perubahan paradigma, banyak universitas telah menambhakan mata kuliah TQM di dalam kurikulumnya. Akan tetapi, tampaknya antusiasme penerapan TQMdalam manajemen pendidikan universitas masih rendah. Mengingat TQM telah diakui sebagai salah satu pendekatan manajemen yang dapat memperbaiki efisiensi dan kinerja, TQM sekarang dipertimbangkan sebagai suatu solusi terhadap masalah-masalah yang dihadapi institusi-institusi pendidikan tinggi. Lagipula, keberhasilan dalam menerapkan TQM dalam manajemen Jayanan pendidikan tinggi akan menimbulkan dampak pada citra dan reputasi perguruan tinggi tersebut.
ANALISIS PENGARUH WORK-FAMILY BALANCE DAN PROGRAM FAMILY FRIENDLY TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA Studi Kasus pada R.S. Panti Wilasa Citarum, Semarang
Authors: Paramita Paloma , Waridin Waridin
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh variabel work-family balance dan program family friendly terhadap kepuasan kerja perawat R.S. Panti Wilasa Semarang. Data yang dlgunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer yang bersumber dari perawat sampel. Hasil kajian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan dari variabel work-family balance dan program family friendly terhadap kepuasan kerja. Temuan dari studi ini mengindikasikan perlunya peningkatan kepuasan kerja perawat melalui penciptaan kondisi work-family balance dan program family friendly.