bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MADRASAH DAN KEPUASAN MASYARAKAT “PENCAPAIAN KEBERHASILAN MELALUI PENERAPAN MANAJEMEN PENDIDIKAN”
Authors: Sumarto Sumarto , Harahap Emmi Kholilah , MY Mahmud
Published: October 2020

Madrasah adalah lembaga pendidikan Islam, yang mengintegrasika ilmu-ilmu ke-Islaman dan ilmu-ilmu umum, mengajak kebenaran dan membentuk perilaku peserta didik yang baik. Banyak program pendidikan yang ditawarkan Madrasah diantaranya menghafal Al Qur’an, belajar menjadi seorang penceramah, belajar music Islam seperti nasyid dan lain sebagainya. Sekarang yang menjadi tantangan ketika program di Madrasah apakah sudah menjawab kebutuhan di masyarakat dan sampai memberikan kepuasan kepada masyarakat, ketika menitipkan anak-anaknya ke madrasah adalah pilihan yang tepat atau tidak.

Kepuasan masyarakat yang lebih dikenal dengan istilah kepuasan pelanggan sangat ditentukan oleh kemasan produk itu sendiri. Kemasan produk yang dimaksudkan disini adalah bagaimana lembaga pendidikan (madrasah) yang diolah dan dikelola dengan baik, mempunyai manajemen yang bagus, dan memenuhi keinginan pasar. Seperti kepala madrasah yang bermutu, guru yang berkualitas, infrastruktur yang memadai dan out-put yang unggul. Jika sudah demikian, maka dapat dikatakan dengan yakin bahwa madrasah tersebut akan membuat pelanggan merasa puas (kepuasan masyarakat). Menurut Machalli kepuasan pelanggan sangat bergantung pada anggapan kinerja produk dalam menyerahkan nilai relatif terhadap harapan pembeli, bila kinerja atau prestasi sesuai atau bahkan melebihi harapan pembelinya, maka pembeli akan merasa puas.
KEGIATAN BERCERITA DENGAN BUKU CERITA BERGAMBAR DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERBAHASA PADA ANAK USIA DINI KELOMPOK B TK AL FALAH KOTA JAMBI
Authors: Suryani Suryani
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca dengan menggunakan media kartu huruf pada anak kelompok B di TK PertiwiII Kota Jambi. Kemampuan membaca yang ditingkatkan ialah menyebutkan Penelitian ini dilakukan karena adanya permasalahan dalam kemampuan membaca awal di kelompok B. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (classroom action research) yang dilakukan secara kolaboratif antara peneliti dengan guru kelas.

Subjek penelitian ini sebanyak 17 anak. Obyek penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah peningkatan kemampuan mengenal huruf menggunakan media kartu kata. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi dan wawancara. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu instrumen observasi daftar cek (check List).Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu teknik deskriptif kuantitatif.

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan dalam penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan membaca anak kelompok B di TK Pertiwi II Kota Jambi dapat ditingkatkan menggunakan media kartu huruf dalam proses pembelajaran permainan tebak huruf pada kartu angka dengan cara masing-masing anak membawa/memegang kartu angka secara langsung dan memainkannya sesuai instruksi guru yaitu menyebutkan huruf, menunjukkan huruf, dan menghubungkan huruf. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada peningkatan kemampuan membaca awal yaitu pada kondisi awal sebesar 29,2% meningkat pada Siklus I menjadi 58,3% , dan Siklus II meningkat sebesar 83,3%.
Manajemen Mutu Sekolah Melalui Pelaksanaan dan Pengawasan Program Kerja
Authors: Sumarto Sumarto , Harahap Emmi Kholilah , Kasman Kasman
Published: October 2020

Manajemen mutu sekolah diantaranya dapat dilihat dari pelaksanaan dan pengawasan program kerja yang dilaksanakan. Manajemen mutu dimulai dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan sampai kepada pengawasan sehingga dapat diketahui sampai dimana tahap pencapaiannya. Pelaksanaan program sekolah meliputi penyusunan pedoman sekolah, pembuatan struktur organisasi sekolah dan pelaksanaan kegiatan sekolah.

Pedoman sekolah meliputi kurikulum. kalender pendidikan/akademik, struktur organisasi sekolah, pembagian tugas mengajar guru, pembagian tugas tenaga kependidikan, peraturan akademik, tata tertib sekolah, kode etik sekolah, dan biaya operasional sekolah. Pada pelaksanaan kegiatan sekolah terbagi dalam delapan bidang, yaitu bidang kesiswaan, kurikulum dan pembelajaran, pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan, sarana dan prasarana, keuangan dan pembiayaan, budaya dan lingkungan, peran hubungan masayarakat dan kemitraan, serta bidang lain yang berfungsi sebagai peningkatan dan pengembangan mutu. Setelah pelaksanaan program sudah dilaksankan, kemudian proses pengawasan, untuk menngecek dan segera memperbaiki, sehingga mutu program dapat terjaga.
KOMPETENSI GURU DALAM PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Harahap Muhammad Rifai
Published: October 2020

Nowadays education is growing more rapidly and more complex, education problems faced is not a challenge that is left alone, but it requires constructive thinking in order to achieve the quality of the goal of good education. The problems in question include the competence of teaching teachers because teachers as people who deal directly with learners should have good competence in the implementation of teaching and learning process. Learning takes place in human life because of the interaction between two or more people, the interaction between two or more people, the interaction between two or more people, the interaction that involves the exchange of information that is unknowingly done in our daily lives. So that learning reinforces through experience. Learning has a charge that involves two or more people. Learning takes place as long as each individual builds mutually agreeable and satisfying cooperation. Learning is strived to provide interaction and communication that ensures the common good so that in the learning can be a mutually ripe process. Learning as a process is done by the individual to gain a whole new behavioral change, as a result of the individual's own practice in his interaction and environment. Learning is different from Teaching, learning does not have English roots. Learning is different from learning. Therefore learning if translated into English learningization is the efforts of educators to make learners learn (to makes people or student learn). In every lesson effective conditions must be planned and cultivated by the teacher deliberately in order to avoid adverse conditions (prevention efforts), and restore optimal conditions in case of damaging things caused by the behavior of learners in the classroom.
PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI PEDAGOGIK GURU DALAM MENYUSUN RPP MELALUI BIMBINGAN KELOMPOK DI SDN 81 / IX AIR HITAM
Authors: Panut Panut
Published: October 2020

Rendahnya kemampuan guru dalam menyusun RPP terlihat dari dari 8 (100%) orang guru hanya 2 (25%) guru yang mampu menyusun RPP dengan baik. Sedangkan 6 (75%) orang guru lainnya kemampuan dalam menyusun RPP masih rendah. Tujuan dari penelitian tindakan sekolah ini adalah untuk Meningkatkan Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru dalam Menyusun RPP (Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran ) melalui Bimbingan Kelompok di SDN 81 / IX Air Hitam. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan sekolah (PTS) sebanyak dua siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri dari empat tahap yaitu : perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, refleksi. Sasaran penelitian ini adalah guru PNS yang berjumlah 7 orang.

Data yang diperoleh adalah data kuantitatif dan kualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan data mengunakan lembar observasi dan dokumentasi catatan lapangan selanjutnya dianalisis dengan persentasi dan reduksi data. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan yang telah dikemukakan pada bab sebelumnya, maka dapat disimpulkan Pelaksanaan bimbingan kelompok dapat meningkat kemampuan guru dalam mengembangkan Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran sesuai dengan prinsip dan langkah-langkah penyusunan RPP dan Terjadi peningkatan kemampuan guru yang signifikan pada masing-masing komponen rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran, khusus pada komponen penulisan Identitas, penulisan kompetensi inti dan penulisan kompetensi dasar dan hal ini ditandai dengan adanya tindakan pemberian reward.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE TGT (TEAMS-GAMES TOURNAMENT) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN TEKNIK DASAR BERMAIN KASTI DI KELAS V SD NEGERI 179/IX TANJUNG HARAPAN SEMESTER I TAHUAN AJARAN 2019/2020
Authors: Cartono Cartono
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengetahui dan membahas tentang Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe TGT (Teams-GamesTournament) untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Teknik Dasar Bermain Kasti di Kelas V SD Negeri 179/IX Tanjung Harapan. Jenis peneltian adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V SD Negeri 179/IX Tanjung Harapan yang berjumlah 35 orang.

Prosedur penelitian meliputi perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus dengan masing-masing siklus terdiri dari dua kali pertemuan dan dilakukan secara kerjasama antara peneliti dan observer. Teknik yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data adalah observasi, tes, catatan lapangan dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan siswa dalam bermain bola kasti dapat meningkat melalui model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe teams game tournament (TGT) di kelas V SD Negeri 179/IX Tanjung Harapan yang dapat dilihat dari ketuntasan yang di dapat dari siklus ke siklus dan dengan adanya tindakan pemberian reward berupa hadiah.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STAD SISWA KELAS V.A SD NEGERI 146/IX PARIT KECAMATAN SUNGAI GELAM
Authors: Makhrus Makhrus
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan informasi dan membahas tentang Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Melalui Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe STAD Siswa Kelas V.A SD Negeri 146/IX Parit Kecamatan Sungai Gelam. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam jenis penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SD Negeri 146/IX Parit Kecamatan Sungai Gelam. Waktu penelitian ini dilaksanakan semester genap tahun pelajaran 2018/2019, dimulai pada bulan Januari 2018. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V.A SD Negeri 146/IX Parit Kecamatan Sungai Gelam yang berjumlah 20 orang.

Prosedur penelitian terdiri dari dua siklus dengan masing-masing siklus dua kali pertemuan. Setiap siklus terdiri atas empat tahap penelitian yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan catatan lapangan, lembar kerja siswa, tes tertulis, dan dokumen Teknik analisis data menggunakan rumus persentase dan reduksi data. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe STAD dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa dengan tindakan memberikan hadiah.
MEMBANGUN KESIAPAN KERJA CALON TENAGA KERJA
Authors: Muspawi Mohamad , Lestari Ayu
Published: October 2020

Kesuksesan suatu lembaga, organisasi, atau perusahaan ditopang oleh kesuksesan para tenaga kerja dalam bekerja, dan kesuksesan tenaga kerja dalam bekerja merupakan hasil dari kesiapan kerja yang telah dimiliki oleh para tenaga kerja tersebut. Kesiapan kerja merupakan kondisi kematangan fisik, kematangan mental serta pengalaman belajar seseorang yang serasi untuk melakukan suatu pekerjaan yang telah dipilihnya. Ciri-ciri seseorang yang memiliki kesiapan kerja adalah: 1) Mengetahui dan memahami apa yang akan dilakukan dalam pekerjaannya sesuai jabatan yang diembannya; 2). Berpengetahuan mengenai prasyarat kerja berdasarkan dimensi, pengetahuan faktual, pengetahuan konseptual, pengetahuan prosedural, dan pengetahuan yang saling terkait; 3). Berpengetahuan bagaimana harus berperilaku sebagai tenaga yang kompeten; 4). Mempunyai persfektif positif, minat dan motivasi terhadap setiap aturan yang diberlakukan dalam lingkungan pekerjaannya; 5). Bersikap positif dan menerima resiko sebagai akibat pekerjaan dan lingkungannya; 6). Memahami dan dapat mengatasi masalah akibat pekerjaan.
MENATA PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER UNTUK PENINGKATAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Muspawi Mohamad
Published: October 2020

Pembentukan karakter merupakan hal penting yang harus dilakukan oleh guru kepada para siswanya, karakter menjadi bekal berharga bagi para siswa untuk menjalani kehidupan di masa depan mereka, kegagalan membekali siswa dengan karakter akan berdampak pada buruknya kepribadian siswa ketika dewasa. Pendidikan karakter bertujuan untuk meningkatkan mutu penyelenggaraan dan hasil pendidikan yang mengarah pada pencapaian pembentukan karakter dan akhlak mulia peserta didik secara utuh, terpadu, dan seimbang. Terdapat 5 karakter utama prioritas program penguatan pendidikan karakter di sekolah, yaitu: 1. Religius, 2. Integritas, 3. Mandiri, 4. Nasionalis, 5. Gotong Royong. Dengan karakter yang baik diharapkan para siswa memiliki motivasi yang baik pula demi mencapai masa depan yang lebih baik.
Efektivits Dinas Pertanian Kota Padang Dalam Pelaksanaan Program Jajar Legowo
Authors: Nurdin Difatria , Putera Roni Ekha , Yoserizal Yoserizal
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan Efektivitas Dinas Pertanian Kota Padang dalam pelaksanaan program jajar legowo di Kota Padang. Sehingga tujuan dari program jajar legowo dapat terwujud dengan baik. Dimana yang menjadi sasaran dari program adalah kelompok tani selain itu program ini diklaim dapat menambah jumlah populasi tanaman padi sekitar 30 persen. Akan tetapi keadaan di lapangan mengatakan bahwa masih banyaknya petani yang tidak menerapkan program jajar legowo pada sistem penanaman padi sawah mereka. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, dokumentasi. Informan berasal dari pihak Dinas Pertanian Kota Padang dan kelompok tani yang menjadi sasaran program. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa belum tercapainya sasaran dari kegiatan program jajar legowo. Selain itu masih kurangnya sumber daya manusia dan sumber daya modal yang dimiliki oleh Dinas Pertanian Kota Padang dalam melaksanakan program jajar legowo. Hal lain yang didapatkan di lapangan yaitu komitmen Dinas Pertanian dalam pelaksanaan program jajar legowo belum terlaksana sepenuhnya, dimana dalam pelaksanaan program jajar legowo tidak seluruh petani yang menjadi sasaran program merasakan komitmen dari Dinas Pertanian.
Mitigasi Bencana Dalam Peningkatan Kewaspadaan Terhadap Ancaman Gempa Bumi Di Universitas Andalas
Authors: Nursyabani Nursyabani , Putera Roni Ekha , Kusdarini Kusdarini
Published: October 2020

This study aims to describe and analyze how the implementation and process of earthquake disaster mitigation at Universitas Andalas. This research was motivated by the high risk of earthquake disasters at Universitas Andalas and the still low education and understanding of students and academic aspirations of disaster mitigation. So it is necessary to optimize mitigation activities in the Universitas Andalas campus area. This is in accordance with Law Number 24 of 2007 concerning Disaster Management and the Tridarma of Higher Education which has a strategic role in disaster management, especially in relation to learning, research and community service. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative, data collection techniques using interviews and documentation. To test the authenticity of the data obtained in the field, researchers used source triangulation techniques. The selection of informants was done by purposive sampling. As for the results of this study, in general, disaster mitigation activities in increasing awareness of the threat of an earthquake in Universitas Andalas have not run optimally. This is evidenced by the implementation of several activities that failed to achieve the target in the form of increased disaster alertness and increased understanding of students and academics on disaster mitigation, the absence of regulations containing the implementation of disaster mitigation activities at Universitas Andalas. Lack of involvement of external organizations in implementing disaster mitigation activities, as well as limited human resources and budget in implementing disaster mitigation activities. The results showed that the alternative policy was chosen based on the criteria for selecting the alternative policy: 1) Technical feasibility, it was found that the purpose of establishing KEK was as a forum for ecraf’s actors. 2) Economic and financial, KEK doesn’t receive any special funds and no goals have been achieved. 3) Political viability, this policy doesn’t contradicting with the applicable regulations. 4) Administrative Operability policy is realistic, but the support from the nine offices has not been maximal. 5) The criteria chosen are based on the success of the other regions and then it is adopted. It is the main criteria in the process of selecting and determining KEK as an alternative policy for the development of creative economy potentian in Banyumas Regency
Inovasi Pelayanan Publik Program E-Retribusi Di Dinas Perdagangan Kota Surakarta
Authors: Fajarwati Wijaya Lies , Winarti Winarti , Suranto Joko
Published: October 2020

The e-retribution public service innovation by the Surakarta City Trade Office is a new concept regarding the online levy payment system. First launched in mid-2016, E-retribution as part of the implementation of smart government is included in the smart city indicator. This study uses the typology theory of public service innovation Muluk (2008). Research location in the city trade office Surakarta, with a qualitative descriptive method. The data collection technique was obtained by purposive sampling through informant interviews, observations and documents. The results show that the public service innovation with the e-retribution program can simplifying public services and saving more time, costs and human resources, ensuring accountable transactions. In addition, E-retribution has an impact on increasing Solo Local Revenue every year.
Formulasi Kebijakan Roadmap Inovasi Daerah di Kabupaten Bekasi
Authors: Zulfikar Waluyo , Ema Jumiati Ipah
Published: October 2020

Bekasi Regency is the area with the largest industrial area in Southeast Asia, where there are 16 industrial areas with relatively large land area. In addition, there are also seven large industrial zones or industrial zones on an international scale, in line with this, the problem of public service delivery in the Bekasi District Government must be carried out properly to the public. In optimizing the public services, various innovative ideas and ideas are needed to create synergy and efficiency in the provision of these public services. In this study, the innovation system is a unified component that influences the direction of development and speed of innovation, diffusion, and learning processes in the development, mastery, advancement and application/utilization of science and technology. How sub-subsystems (elements / factors) play their roles, their interrelations (including policy coherence), and the dynamics of their interactions determine or influence the dynamic performance of innovation systems. Strengthening the innovation system means structuring the system (holistic, simultaneous, systemic issues) in a structured way. In a policy perspective, strengthening innovation systems means remedial steps that need to be directed to address systemic failures. Therefore, policy strategies need to be developed as a unified innovation policy framework (KKI) to strengthen the system.
Atmospheric conditions and composition that influence PM2.5
oxidative potential in Beijing, China
Authors: Campbell Steven J. , Wolfer Kate , Utinger Battist , Westwood Joe , Zhang Zhi-hui , Bukiowiecki Nicolas , Steimer Sarah S. , Vu Tuan V. , Xu Jingsha , Straw Nicholas , Thomson Steven , Elzein Atallah , Sun Yele , Liu Di , Li Linjie , Fu Pingqing , Lewis Alastair C. , Harrison Roy M. , Bloss William J. , Loh Miranda , Miller Mark R. , Shi Zongbo , Kalberer Markus
Published: October 2020

Abstract. Epidemiological studies have consistently linked exposure to PM2.5 with adverse health effects. The oxidative potential (OP) of aerosol particles has been widely suggested as a measure of their potential toxicity. Several acellular chemical assays are now readily employed to measure OP, however, uncertainty remains regarding the atmospheric conditions and specific chemical components of PM2.5 that drive OP. A limited number of studies have simultaneously utilised multiple OP assays with a wide range of concurrent measurements and investigated the seasonality of PM2.5 OP. In this work, filter samples were collected in winter 2016 and summer 2017 during the atmospheric pollution and human health in a Chinese megacity (APHH-Beijing) campaign, and PM2.5 OP was analysed using four acellular methods; ascorbic acid (AA), dithiothreitol (DTT), 2-7-dichlorofluoroscin/hydrogen peroxidase (DCFH) and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR). Positive correlations of OP normalised per volume of air of all four assays with overall PM2.5 mass was observed, with stronger correlations in the winter compared to the summer. In contrast, when OP assay values were normalised for particle mass, days with higher PM2.5 mass concentrations (μg m−3) were found to have lower intrinsic mass-normalised OP values as measured by AA and DTT. This indicates that total PM2.5 mass concentrations alone might not always be the best indicator for particle toxicity. Univariate analysis of OP values and an extensive range of additional measurements, 107 in total, including PM2.5 composition, gas phase composition and meteorological data, provides detailed insight into chemical components or atmospheric processes that determine PM2.5 OP variability. Multivariate statistical analyses highlighted associations of OP assay responses with varying chemical components in PM2.5 for both mass- and volume-normalised data. Variable selection was used to produce subsets of measurements indicative of PM2.5 sources, and used to model OP response; AA and DTT assays were well predicted by small panels of measurements, and indicated fossil fuel combustion processes, vehicle emissions and biogenic SOA as most influential in the assay response. Through comparative analysis of both mass- and volume-normalised data we demonstrate the importance of also considering mass-normalised OP when correlating with particle composition measurements, which provides a more nuanced picture of compositional drivers and sources of OP compared to volume-normalised analysis, and which may be more useful in temporal and site comparative contexts.
Continuous secondary ice production initiated by updrafts through the melting layer in mountainous regions
Authors: Lauber Annika , Henneberger Jan , Mignani Claudia , Ramelli Fabiola , Pasquier Julie T. , Wieder Jörg , Hervo Maxime , Lohmann Ulrike
Published: October 2020

Abstract. An accurate prediction of the ice crystal number concentration in clouds is important to determine the radiation budget, the lifetime, and the precipitation formation of clouds. Secondary ice production is thought to be responsible for the observed discrepancies between the ice crystal number concentration and the ice nucleating particle concentration in clouds. The Hallett-Mossop process is active between −3 °C and −8 °C and has been implemented into several models while all other secondary ice processes are poorly constrained and lack a well-founded quantification. During two hours of measurements taken on a mountain slope just above the melting layer at temperatures warmer than −3 °C, a continuously high concentration of small plates identified as secondary ice was observed. The presence of drizzle drops suggests droplet fragmentation upon freezing as the responsible secondary ice mechanism. The constant supply of drizzle drops can be explained by a recirculation theory, suggesting that melted snowflakes, which sedimented through the melting layer, were reintroduced into the cloud as drizzle drops by orographically forced updrafts. Here we introduce a parametrization of droplet fragmentation at high temperatures when primary ice nucleation is basically absent and the first ice is initiated by collision of drizzle drops with aged ice crystals sedimenting from higher altitudes. Based on previous measurements, we estimate that a droplet of 200 µm in diameter produces 18 secondary ice crystals when it fragments upon freezing. The application of the parametrization to our measurements shows high uncertainties, but the estimated number of splinters produced per fragmenting droplet (18–43) lies within the range of uncertainty if we assume that all droplets larger than 40 µm fragment when they freeze.
Measurements of PM2.5 with PurpleAir under atmospheric conditions
Authors: Ardon-Dryer Karin , Dryer Yuval , Williams Jake N. , Moghimi Nastaran
Published: October 2020

Abstract. The PurpleAir PA-II unit is a low-cost sensor for monitoring changes in the concentrations of particulate matter (PM) of various sizes. There are currently more than 10 000 PA-II units in use worldwide; some of the units are located in areas where no other reference air monitoring system is present. Previous studies have examined the performance of these PA-II units (or the sensors within them) in comparison to a co-located reference air monitoring system. However, because PA-II units are installed by PurpleAir customers, most of the PA-II units are not co-located with a reference air monitoring system and, in many cases, are not near one. This
study aims to examine how each PA-II unit performs under atmospheric
conditions when exposed to a variety of pollutants and PM2.5 concentrations (PM with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 2.5 µm), when at a distance from the reference sensor. We examine how PA-II units perform in comparison to other PA-II units and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Air Quality Monitoring Stations (AQMSs) that are not co-located with them. For this study, we selected four different regions, each containing multiple PA-II units (minimum of seven per region). In addition, each region needed to have at least one AQMS unit that was co-located with at least one PA-II unit, all units needed to be at a distance of up to 5 km from an AQMS unit and up to 10 km between each other. Correction of PM2.5 values of the co-located PA-II units was implemented by multivariate linear regression (MLR), taking into account changes of temperature and relative humidity. The fit coefficients, received from the MLR, were then used to correct the PM2.5 values in all the remaining PA-II units in the region. Hourly PM2.5 measurements from each PA-II unit were compared to those from the AQMSs and other PA-II units in its region. The correction of the PM2.5 values improved the R-squared value (R2), root-mean-square error (RMSE), and mean absolute error (MAE) and slope values between all units. In most cases, the AQMSs and the PA-II units were found to be in good agreement (75 % of the comparisons had a R2>0.8); they measured similar values and followed similar trends; that is, when the PM2.5 values measured by the AQMSs increased or decreased, so did those of the PA-II units. In some high-pollution events, the corrected PA-II had slightly higher PM2.5 values compared to those measured by the AQMS. Distance between the units did not impact the comparison between units. Overall, the PA-II unit, after corrections of PM2.5 values, seems to be a promising tool for identifying relative changes in PM2.5 concentration with the potential to complement sparsely distributed monitoring stations and to aid in assessing and minimizing the public exposure to PM.
Realtime WRF LES Simulations to Support UAS Flight Planning and Operations During 2018 LAPSE-RATE
Authors: Pinto James O. , Jensen Anders A. , Jiménez Pedro A. , Hertneky Tracy , Muñoz-Esparza Domingo , Dumont Arnaud , Steiner Matthias
Published: October 2020

Abstract. The simulations were forced using data from the High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) and the Global Forecast System (GFS) obtained from the National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Central Operations (NCO). The nested WRF configuration used in this study featured a large-eddy-permitting, 111-m grid spacing mesh for the inner-most domain. Output from the WRF forecasts were processed on-the-fly using the Unified Post Processor (UPP). A THREDDS data server was coupled with a web-viewer to provide real-time graphics that were used to support UAS flight planning and decision making. The simulations ran in under six hours on the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Cheyenne supercomputer using 59 cores (2124 processors). The simulations were run twice per day (12 runs total during the experiment) to support both next-day mission planning and day-of tactical guidance. The simulations provided a high-resolution depiction of the four-dimensional variability of weather conditions across the northern half of the San Luis Valley, Colorado, where UAS operations took place. The simulations were used to assess the possibility of a number of small UAS weather hazards including wind shift boundaries, vertical shear, strong thermals, turbulence intensity, fog, low ceilings, and thunderstorms. Details of the model configuration used to perform the simulations and the data processing steps used to produce the final grids of state variables and other sensible weather products (e.g., ceiling and visibility, turbulence) are given. A few examples of predictive capabilities of the modeling system are provided to illustrate the skill of the model at predicting fine-scale boundary layer structures and turbulence associated with drainage winds, up-valley flows, and convective storm outflows. A subset of the at data is available at the Zenodo data archive (https://zenodo.org/communities/lapse-rate/) while full dataset (see Pinto et al. 2020a) is archived on the NCAR Digital Asset Services Hub (DASH) and may be obtained at https://doi.org/10.5065/83r2-0579.
Recent sea level rise on Ireland's east coast based on multiple tide gauge analysis
Authors: Shoari Nejad Amin , Parnell Andrew C. , Greene Alice , Kelleher Brian P. , McCarthy Gerard
Published: October 2020

Abstract. We analysed multiple tide gauges from the east coast of Ireland over the period 1938–2018. We validated the different time series against each other and performed a missing value imputation exercise, which enabled us to produce a homogenised record. The recordings of all tide gauges were found to be in good agreement between 2003–2015, though this was markedly less so from 2016 to the present. We estimate the sea level rise in Dublin port for this period at 10 mm yr−1. The rate over the longer period of 1938–2015 was 1.67 mm yr−1 which is in good agreement with the global average. We found that the rate of sea level rise in the longer term record is cyclic with some extreme upward and downward trends. However, starting around 1980, Dublin has seen significantly higher rates that have been always positive since 1996, and this is mirrored in the surrounding gauges. Furthermore, our analysis indicates an increase in sea level variability since 1980. Both decadal rates and continuous time rates are calculated and provided with uncertainties in this paper.
Optimal closed-loop wake steering – Part 1: Conventionally neutral atmospheric boundary layer conditions
Authors: Howland Michael F. , Ghate Aditya S. , Lele Sanjiva K. , Dabiri John O.
Published: October 2020

Abstract. Strategies for wake loss mitigation through the use of dynamic closed-loop wake steering are investigated using large eddy simulations of conventionally neutral atmospheric boundary layer conditions in which the neutral boundary layer is capped by an inversion and a stable free atmosphere. The closed-loop controller synthesized in this study consists of a physics-based lifting line wake model combined with a data-driven ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) state estimation technique to calibrate the wake model as a function of time in a generalized transient atmospheric flow environment. Computationally efficient gradient ascent yaw misalignment selection along with efficient state estimation enables the dynamic yaw calculation for real-time wind farm control. The wake steering controller is tested in a six-turbine array embedded in a statistically quasi-stationary, conventionally neutral flow with geostrophic forcing and Coriolis effects included. The controller statistically significantly increases power production compared to the baseline, greedy, yaw-aligned control provided that the EnKF estimation is constrained and informed with a physics-based prior belief of the wake model parameters. The influence of the model for the coefficient of power Cp as a function of the yaw misalignment is characterized.
Errors in estimation of the power reduction as a function of yaw misalignment are shown to result in yaw steering configurations that underperform the baseline yaw-aligned configuration.
Overestimating the power reduction due to yaw misalignment leads to increased power over the greedy operation, while underestimating the power reduction leads to decreased power; therefore, in an application where the influence of yaw misalignment on Cp is unknown, a conservative estimate should be taken.
The EnKF-augmented wake model predicts the power production in yaw misalignment with a mean absolute error over the turbines in the farm of 0.02P1, with P1 as the power of the leading turbine at the farm.
A standard wake model with wake spreading based on an empirical turbulence intensity relationship leads to a mean absolute error of 0.11P1, demonstrating that state estimation improves the predictive capabilities of simplified wake models.
Fiction
Authors: Caldwell Nick
Published: October 2020

The use of storytelling to explain, educate and entertain is a central façet of all human cultures. It allows specific, non-biological knowledge to be woven into complex meme-shapes and transmitted down the generations along with our genes.
Almost every aspect of our identities and interactions with others are produced through mediation and the construction of fictions which we unconsciously project and interpret.
This is why fiction, beyond its conventional relationship with literature, is such a powerful metaphor (look -- another fiction) for our existence, especially in the hyper-saturated mediascape that we now inhabit.
The following articles take up this evocative theme in a number of striking and original ways.
In our feature article, Frances Bonner writes about the curious liminal space between science fact and science fiction and the ongoing game of attraction and disavowal that occurs between the two.
P. David Marshall's article deals with how public figures of various kinds (Jackie Chan and Bill Clinton) negotiate the complex media matrix of public life through an array of fictional personae.
Axel Bruns analyses the legal and social fiction that is the law of copyright, revealing a history fraught with the consequences of technological change, from the introduction of cheap printing presses to the complex issues that surround digital media.
Kirsty Leishman addresses the representation of an Australian identity through the intensely mediated spectacle that is the Sydney 2000 Olympic games. She analyses these competing representations in terms of Graeme Turner's theses on the narratives of Australian culture.
Ben King takes us through a tale of two texts -- two films that share a name: Psycho -- as he explores the audience responses to Van Sant's shot-by-shot retelling of the same story which seeks to inform that audience of how our attitudes have changed towards violence, sexuality, and dementia.
So, immerse yourself in our meme-world and discover the hidden complexities constructed deep within. And remember, if you wish to engage with our fictions more directly, and perhaps write fictions of your own, please don't hesitate to imagine a response.

Citation reference for this article
MLA style:

Nick Caldwell. "Editorial: 'Fiction'." M/C: A Journal of Media and Culture 2.1 (1999). [your date of access] .

Chicago style:

Nick Caldwell, "Editorial: 'Fiction'," M/C: A Journal of Media and Culture 2, no. 1 (1999),  ([your date of access]).

APA style:

Nick Caldwell. (1999) Editorial: 'Fiction'. M/C: A Journal of Media and Culture 2(1).  ([your date of access]).
Dialogue on Film and Philosophy
Authors: Wilhelmsson Ulf
Published: October 2020

Editors' Preface
When Ulf Wilhelmsson first contacted us about including his "Dialogue on Film and Philosophy" in the M/C 'chat' issue, we were initially taken aback. True, the notion of chat surely must include that of 'dialogue', but Wilhelmsson's idea, as he put it to us, was that of a Socratic dialogue about film. The dialogue "Film och Filosofi" already existed in Swedish, but he had done an initial rough translation of the dialogue on his Website. Since Wilhelmsson put this to us in the very early days of the submission period, we decided to have a look.
Wilhelmsson had omitted to mention the fact that his dialogue was amusing as well as informative. Playing Socrates was ... Quentin Tarantino. Tarantino was not just discussing film, but he was moderating a hefty grab-bag of influential philosphers, film-makers, film-scholars and the odd Beatle (John Lennon). Furthermore, creeping in to many of the utterances in the discussion was Wilhelmsson's take on Tarantino's vernacular -- keep an eye out for "Bada boom bada boom, get it?" and "Oh Sartre. Dude, I would also like to provide a similar example". The philosphers sometimes also get a chance to break out of their linguistic bonds, such as Herakleit, who tells us that "War is the primogenitor of the whole shebang". Occasionally, Wilhelmsson lets his conversants get rowdy (St Thomas of Aquinas and Aristotle yell "Tabula Rasa!" in unison), put on accents (Michel Chion with French accent: "Merci merci. Je vous en pris that you are recognising tse sound"), be "dead sure of themselves" (George Lakoff and Mark Johnson; Noam Chomsky thanks us for our attention) and wander in and out of the dialogue's virtual space (at the end, Immanuel Kant returns to us after his daily walk around town).
Unfortunately, due to its length, the dialogue can not be supplied in regular M/C 'bits', and so we have made it available as a downloadable Rich Text Format file.
Felicity Meakins & E. Sean Rintel
-- M/C 'chat' co-editors
Download "Dialogue on Film and Philosophy" in Rich Text Format:

Citation reference for this article
MLA style:

Ulf Wilhelmsson. "Dialogue on Film and Philosophy." M/C: A Journal of Media and Culture 3.4 (2000). [your date of access] .

Chicago style:

Ulf Wilhelmsson, "Dialogue on Film and Philosophy," M/C: A Journal of Media and Culture 3, no. 4 (2000),  ([your date of access]).

APA style:

Ulf Wilhelmsson. (2000) Dialogue on Film and Philosophy. M/C: A Journal of Media and Culture 3(4).  ([your date of access]).
Love is a stranger
Authors: Cheong Felix
Published: October 2020

I.
Love is a strand,
a lead, a leash,
a way out, a tunnel in.
It is a stranger
estranged, astray,
cigarette left mid-breath
on an ashtray.
It is believing
when the knock comes,
you would answer it
with ease.
II.
I want to miss you
by making you leave.
How love redeems
by its punishing needs.
III.
Even after the kiss,
the finality of a key snapped
in the lock, these promises
not to love but just once,
a chance to belong and be broken
on each other’s back,
heart gutted and yet,
to all appearances,
nothing untoward, nothing changed
but a weight shifted,
nothing that cannot be made
absent by re-chalking lines--
there is you, still, in musk
gloving sheer over my hands
where we last touched,
roving up my fingers to rest
my tongue, wistful for a past
never quite over and undone.
IV.
I’ll remember you in the glow
hovering at your lips,
your cigarette ready for flight
by a flick, hot breath reaching
for seconds as white heat,
last kiss, leave
a slow burn in the air,
turning inside me,
a draft of something
written off as ash
but how it lingers, how it lingers
over my litany of nights
and this short fuse of pen
ignited between my fingers.
Religiosidad, espiritualidad y calidad de vida en familiares de pacientes de oncología pediatrica en un hospital de referencia en el noreste de Brasil
Authors: Torres Furtado de Mendonça Amanda Rebeca , Omena Cabral Rodolpho , De Padua Walfrido Jordan Arturo , Gorayeb de Carvalho Ferreira Alberto , Fernandes Barbosa Leopoldo Nelson
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: caracterizar el perfil sociodemográfico y analizar la asociación entre religiosidad, espiritualidad, como elementos para enfrentar la enfermedad y calidad de vida en familiares de pacientes de oncología pediátrica de hospital de referencia. Método: estudio transversal descriptivo con metodología cuantitativa, realizado de 2017 a 2018. Datos fueron recolectados a través de Whoqol bref y la Escala de Coping Religioso/Espiritual Breve. Resultados: se entrevistó a 47 familiares, con perfil compuesto predominantemente por parientes femeninos, de 30 a 39 años, casados, madres con más de 1 hijo, residentes del interior del estado, con educación primaria incompleta, ingresos familiares de 1 a 3 salarios mínimos y religión protestante. Se observó que los ancianos y los que abandonaron su hogar para buscar mejores tratamientos tenían el peor índice de calidad de vida, mientras que las personas casadas y los jóvenes tenían la mejor. Las personas espiritualizadas demostraron ser más capaces de afrontar las adversidades, así como aquellas cuya frecuencia religiosa aparece regularmente. También se notó que la mayoría afirma que la religiosidad y espiritualidad son muy importantes, pero a pocas se les habló sobre ellas durante la atención médica. Conclusiones: para el público evaluado, la espiritualidad es un factor importante para hacer frente a situaciones estresantes, así como para proporcionar mejor calidad de vida a los familiares. Científicamente, la necesidad de más investigación sobre el tema es evidente, dado que el valor de las futuras contribuciones al campo de la salud es indudable.
´Tratamientos psicológicos para mejorar la vida sexual en mujeres supervivientes de cáncer ginecológico: revisión sistemática.
Authors: Figueroa Espinoza Karla Maricela
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: explorar qué tratamientos psicológicos pueden ayudar a las mujeres supervivientes de cáncer ginecológico a mejorar su vida sexual y relaciones íntimas. Método: se buscó en bases de datos PubMed, Scopus, PsycInfo y MedLine, investigaciones entre los años 2005 a 2020, enfocados en mujeres supervivientes de cáncer ginecológico e intervenciones dirigidas por un profesional de salud mental sobre la mejoría de la sexualidad y relaciones íntimas de dicha población. Resultados: se obtuvieron 10 artículos (diseño mixto, ensayos controlados aleatorios y estudio de caso) que aplican intervención psicológica enfocada en la mejoría de la sexualidad y relaciones íntimas a mujeres supervivientes de cáncer ginecológico. Conclusiones: La intervención psicoeducativa demostró ser la intervención más utilizada para la mejoría de función sexual y disminución de preocupaciones y malestar sexual en mujeres supervivientes de cáncer ginecológico.
Cómo se llegó a parar el Metro de Madrid: Un análisis interaccionista de los procesos previos a una huelga total
Authors: Pohl Nicholas
Published: October 2020

En junio de 2010, un día después de la aplicación de un recorte salarial en Metro de Madrid, las/os trabajadoras/es fueron a una huelga total. Paralizaron el tráfico subterráneo durante 48 horas y colapsaron el tráfico en el centro de la capital. Con esta investigación intento mostrar cómo las/os trabajadoras/es llegaron a paralizar el Metro de Madrid. El análisis se basa en dos tipos de datos: las circulares sindicales que se publicaron en el momento de los eventos y entrevistas semi-directivas realizadas a posteriori con representantes sindicales y trabajadoras/es. A partir de estos datos identifico las secuencias de interacción entre las/os trabajadoras/es, los sindicatos, la dirección de la empresa y el gobierno regional que precedieron a la huelga total. Los resultados muestran que, en lugar de una respuesta supuestamente natural ante un grave ataque, esta huelga total debería de hecho considerarse como un efecto de composición derivado de las interacciones encadenadas entre actores múltiples e interdependientes.
La cuestión jornalera entre dos crisis: condición inmigrante, desafiliación y riesgo de contagio
Authors: Pedreño Cánovas Andrés
Published: October 2020

En la crisis sanitaria por la COVID-19 los asalariados agrícolas han tenido una notable visibilidad. Por un lado, una visibilidad que exaltó su función central en el abastecimiento de alimentos durante los meses que duró la estrategia del confinamiento decretada por el estado de alarma del gobierno español para afrontar la crisis sanitaria generada por el contagio del virus. Por otro lado, una visibilidad negativa derivada de su presencia en múltiples “brotes” víricos y contagios durante el periodo del post-confinamiento denominado “nueva normalidad”. Ambos procesos de visibilización, en su positividad y negatividad, y en la medida que quedan en la superficialidad del tratamiento mediático, se resisten a revelar el complejo haz de interdependencias sociales que definen la condición social del asalariado agrícola en las sociedades del sur de Europa. Este artículo aborda las condiciones sociales que modelan y hacen comprensivas ambas formas de visibilización de los asalariados agrícolas en la crisis sanitaria.
Clinical practice guideline for endoscopic resection of early gastrointestinal cancer
Authors: Park Chan Hyuk , Yang Dong-Hoon , Kim Jong Wook , Kim Jie-Hyun , Kim Ji Hyun , Min Yang Won , Lee Si Hyung , Bae Jung Ho , Chung Hyunsoo , Choi Kee Don , Park Jun Chul , Lee Hyuk , Kwak Min-Seob , Kim Bun , Lee Hyun Jung , Lee Hye Seung , Choi Miyoung , Park Dong-Ah , Lee Jong Yeul , Byeon Jeong-Sik , Park Chan Guk , Cho Joo Young , Lee Soo Teik , Chun Hoon Jai
Published: October 2020

Although surgery was the standard treatment for early gastrointestinal cancers, endoscopic resection is now a standard treatment for early gastrointestinal cancers without regional lymph node metastasis. High-definition white light endoscopy, chromoendoscopy, and image-enhanced endoscopy such as narrow band imaging are performed to assess the edge and depth of early gastrointestinal cancers for delineation of resection boundaries and prediction of the possibility of lymph node metastasis before the decision of endoscopic resection. Endoscopic mucosal resection and/or endoscopic submucosal dissection can be performed to remove early gastrointestinal cancers completely by en bloc fashion. Histopathological evaluation should be carefully made to investigate the presence of risk factors for lymph node metastasis such as depth of cancer invasion and lymphovascular invasion. Additional treatment such as radical surgery with regional lymphadenectomy should be considered if the endoscopically resected specimen shows risk factors for lymph node metastasis. This is the first Korean clinical practice guideline for endoscopic resection of early gastrointestinal cancer. This guideline was developed by using mainly de novo methods and encompasses endoscopic management of superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, early gastric cancer, and early colorectal cancer. This guideline will be revised as new data on early gastrointestinal cancer are collected.