bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Four new species of the subfamily Phycitinae (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) from Kazakhstan
Authors: Tsvetkov E.V.
Published: June 2021

Trachypteryx electrica sp. nov. is described from West Kazakhstan. The new species significantly differs from other species of the genus Trachypteryx Ragonot, 1893 in the female genitalia: the ductus bursae is strongly reduced and the diverticulum is absent. Two species of the subgenus Bazaria Ragonot, 1887 of the genus Gymnancyla Zeller, 1848, G. turanica sp. nov. and G. latialata sp. nov., are described from the Kyzylorda Province of Kazakhstan. Christophia constricta sp. nov. is described from the same locality. The male and female genitalia are illustrated for all species described.
Kelembagaan Pemerintahan Desa dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Dalam Implementasi Undang-Undang Desa
Authors: Suharto Suharto
Published: June 2021

Implementasi kebijakan Undang-Undang Desa memerlukan dukungan dari kelembagaan pemerintahan desa dengan pola strategi pemberdayaan masyarakat desa sesuai potensi lokal yang ada. Pelaksanaan Undang-Undang Desa menjadi harapan semua masyarakat desa untuk mewujudkan desa mandiri yang memiliki jatidiri, merupakan penghargaan dalam hak asal usul desa dengan pola pendekatan pemberdayaan masyarakat desa yang memposisikan masyarakat desa sebagai subjek/pelaku utama bukan hanya sebagai obyek /sasaran saja dari program kegiatan pembangunan desa. Penelitian ini dengan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kemampuan kelembagaan pemerintahan desa dalam memberdayakan masyarakat desa menuju desa mandiri sesuai amanah Undang-Undang Desa. Keberhasilan implementasi Undang-Undang Desa secara nyata dipengaruhi adanya dukungan dari pemerintahan kelembagaan desa yaitu antara lain Pemerintah Desa/ Perangkat Desa, Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD), LPMD/LKMD, PKK, Karangtaruna, BKM/UPK PNPM, Dukuh, RW, RT dan kelompok-kelompok swadaya masyarakat lainnya. Yang menjadi tantangan adalah kinerja kelembagaan sesuai tugas pokok fungsi desa tersebut berkontribusi secara optimal pada pembangunan kesejahteraan masyarakat desa. Maka peran pemerintahan kelembagaan desa ini diperlukan dalam mewujudkan pemberdayaan desa sesuai potensi, karakteristik/ budaya lokal desa setempat.
Biomechanical effects of a novel posteriorly placed sacroiliac joint fusion device integrated with traditional lumbopelvic long-construct instrumentation
Authors: de Andrada Pereira Bernardo , Lehrman Jennifer N. , Sawa Anna G. U. , Lindsey Derek P. , Yerby Scott A. , Godzik Jakub , Waguespack Alexis M. , Uribe Juan S. , Kelly Brian P.
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVE

S2-alar-iliac (S2AI) screw fixation effectively ensures stability and enhances fusion in long-segment constructs. Nevertheless, pelvic fixation is associated with a high rate of mechanical failure. Because of the transarticular nature of the S2AI screw, adding a second point of fixation may provide additional stability and attenuate strains. The objective of the study was to evaluate changes in stability and strain with the integration of a sacroiliac (SI) joint fusion device, implanted through a novel posterior SI approach, supplemental to posterior long-segment fusion.

METHODS

L1-pelvis human cadaveric specimens underwent pure moment (7.5 Nm) and compression (400 N) tests in the following conditions: 1) intact, 2) L2–S1 pedicle screw and rod fixation with L5–S1 interbody fusion, 3) added S2AI screws, and 4) added bilateral SI joint fixation (SIJF). The range of motion (ROM), rod strain, and screw bending moments (S1 and S2AI) were analyzed.

RESULTS

S2AI fixation decreased L2–S1 ROM in flexion-extension (p ≤ 0.04), L5–S1 ROM in flexion-extension and compression (p ≤ 0.004), and SI joint ROM during flexion-extension and lateral bending (p ≤ 0.03) compared with S1 fixation. SI joint ROM was significantly less with SIJF in place than with the intact joint, S1, and S2AI fixation in flexion-extension and lateral bending (p ≤ 0.01). The S1 screw bending moment decreased following S2AI fixation by as much as 78% in extension, but with statistical significance only in right axial rotation (p = 0.03). Extending fixation to S2AI significantly increased the rod strain at L5–S1 during flexion, axial rotation, and compression (p ≤ 0.048). SIJF was associated with a slight increase in rod strain versus S2AI fixation alone at L5–S1 during left lateral bending (p = 0.048). Compared with the S1 condition, fixation to S2AI increased the mean rod strain at L5–S1 during compression (p = 0.048). The rod strain at L5–S1 was not statistically different with SIJF compared with S2AI fixation (p ≥ 0.12).

CONCLUSIONS

Constructs ending with an S2AI screw versus an S1 screw tended to be more stable, with reduced SI joint motion. S2AI fixation decreased the S1 screw bending moments compared with fixation ending at S1. These benefits were paired with increased rod strain at L5–S1. Supplementation of S2AI fixation with SIJF implants provided further reductions (approximately 30%) in the sagittal plane and lateral bending SI joint motion compared with fixation ending at the S2AI position. This stability was not paired with significant changes in rod or screw strains.
The comparative accuracy and safety of fluoroscopic and navigation-based techniques in cervical pedicle screw fixation: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tarawneh Ahmad M. , Haleem Shahnawaz , D’Aquino Daniel , Quraishi Nasir
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this study was to evaluate the comparative accuracy and safety of navigation-based approaches for cervical pedicle screw (CPS) placement over fluoroscopic techniques.

METHODS

A systematic search of the literature published between January 2006 and December 2019 relating to CPS instrumentation and the comparative accuracy and safety of fluoroscopic and intraoperative computer-based navigation techniques was conducted. Several databases, including the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and EMBASE, were systematically searched to identify potentially eligible studies. Data relating to CPS insertion accuracy and associated complications, in particular neurovascular complications, were extrapolated from the included studies and summarized for analysis.

RESULTS

A total of 17 studies were identified from the search methodology. Eleven studies evaluated CPS placement under traditional fluoroscopic guidance and 6 studies addressed outcomes following navigation-assisted placement (3D C-arm or CT-guided placement). Overall, a total of 4278 screws were placed in 1065 patients. Misplacement rates of CPS were significantly lower (p < 0.0001) in navigation-assisted techniques (12.51% [range 2.5%–20.5%]) compared to fluoroscopy-guided techniques (18.8% [range 0%–43.5%]). Fluoroscopy-guided CPS insertion was associated with a significantly higher incidence of postoperative complications relating to neurovascular injuries (p < 0.038), with a mean incidence of 1.9% compared with 0.3% in navigation-assisted techniques.

CONCLUSIONS

This systematic review supports a logical conclusion that navigation-based techniques confer a statistically significantly more accurate screw placement and resultant lower complication rates.
Risk of secondary neoplasms after external-beam radiation therapy treatment of pediatric low-grade gliomas: a SEER analysis, 1973–2015
Authors: Rodrigues Adrian J. , Jin Michael C. , Wu Adela , Bhambhvani Hriday P. , Li Gordon , Grant Gerald A.
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVE

Although past studies have associated external-beam radiation therapy (EBRT) with higher incidences of secondary neoplasms (SNs), its effect on SN development from pediatric low-grade gliomas (LGGs), defined as WHO grade I and II gliomas of astrocytic or oligodendrocytic origin, is not well understood. Utilizing a national cancer registry, the authors sought to characterize the risk of SN development after EBRT treatment of pediatric LGG.

METHODS

A total of 1245 pediatric patient (aged 0–17 years) records from 1973 to 2015 were assembled from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Univariable and multivariable subdistribution hazard regression models were used to evaluate the prognostic impact of demographic, tumor, and treatment-related covariates. Propensity score matching was used to balance baseline characteristics. Cumulative incidence analyses measured the time to, and rate of, SN development, stratified by receipt of EBRT and controlled for competing mortality risk. The Fine and Gray semiparametric model was used to estimate future SN risk in EBRT- and non–EBRT-treated pediatric patients.

RESULTS

In this study, 366 patients received EBRT and 879 did not. Forty-six patients developed SNs after an LGG diagnosis, and 27 of these patients received EBRT (OR 3.61, 95% CI 1.90–6.95; p < 0.001). For patients alive 30 years from the initial LGG diagnosis, the absolute risk of SN development in the EBRT-treated cohort was 12.61% (95% CI 8.31–13.00) compared with 4.99% (95% CI 4.38–12.23) in the non–EBRT-treated cohort (p = 0.013). Cumulative incidence curves that were adjusted for competing events still demonstrated higher rates of SN development in the EBRT-treated patients with LGGs. After matching across available covariates and again adjusting for the competing risk of mortality, a clear association between EBRT and SN development remained (subhazard ratio 2.26, 95% CI 1.21–4.20; p = 0.010).

CONCLUSIONS

Radiation therapy was associated with an increased risk of future SNs for pediatric patients surviving LGGs. These data suggest that the long-term implications of EBRT should be considered when making treatment decisions for this patient population
DISTANCE LEARNING TECHNOLOGIES OF POSTGRADUATE DENTAL EDUCATION SYSTEM
Authors: Maksymenko A.I.
Published: June 2021

The implementation of distance learning is carried out with the help of modern systems of distance education. They allow to teach and to assess the knowledge of interns and doctors quickly and easily, regardless of their location. The aim of the study. A comparative review of the most well-known distance learning platforms, wich are designed to organize the learning process and control learning with the help of Internet technology. System of distance education is a virtual classroom with the possibility to train interns and doctors from different regions of Ukraine at the same time. There are many educational platforms for distance learning nowadays, such as Moodle (Australia), iSpring Learn LMS (Russia), Collaborator (Ukraine), eTutorium LMS (Ukraine), Opigno (Belgium), Atutor (Canada). Moodle is a free platform that allows users to create individual courses. It supports more than 100 languages. iSpring Learn LMS is a simple and user-friendly system that is a paid alternative to Moodle. Collaborator is a platform that works effectively on all modern devices and browsers and is virtually independent of the software of the user's device. eTutorium LMS is a virtual distance learning system that allows to create an online course of any complexity quickly. Opigno is a modern free distance education system based on Drupal (a popular content management system). Atutor, like Moodle, is an open web-based e-learning system. Conclusion. Distance learning systems differ not only functionally, but also in the way they solve problems. The simplicity of use of the platform depends on the degree of its adaptation to the needs of the user and the ability to use all existing features and functions of the system.
HEMOSTASIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND SEVERITY OF STROKE AMONG PATIENTS WITH ATHEROTROMBOTIC AND CARDIEMOBOLIC SUBTYPES
Authors: Havlovska Ya. Yu.
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study is to investigate the differences in hemostasiological parameters among patients with atherotrombotic and cardiemobolic subtypes of ischemic stroke and the relationship between the parameters and the severity of the disease in the first day. The study included 68 patients who were examined on the first day of the disease with a diagnosis of acute cerebrovascular disorders on ischemic type, among them 47 (69%) men and 21 (31%) women aged from 42 to 75 years (the average age was 61,85 ± 2,33 years old). We quantified the stroke severity by using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, findings of magnetic resonance tomography and / or computer tomography of the brain; ultrasound scan of intra- and extracranial vessels of the brain was performed to verify the diagnosis. Patients were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 included atherotrombotic subtype of ischemic stroke (n = 51 individuals), group 2 included cardiembolic subtype of ischemic stroke (n = 17 individuals. The state of the hemostasis system was studied by the analysis of complete coagulograms. The patients with ischemic stroke were found to have a thrombin time reduction compared to the control group. The dynamics of this indicator in the coagulogram points out an increased risk of thrombosis in the patients of both groups with a significant predominance among the patients with an atherotrombotic stroke. In both groups of the patients with ischemic stroke, there was a decrease in intensity, time and rate of aggregation in 30 seconds compared to the control group, indicating the imbalance of platelet response to adenosine diphosphate-induced aggregation. When the rate and intensity of aggregation (the lowering of platelet aggregation function) for 30 seconds decreased, the aggregation time (the activation of platelet function) also reduced. The analysis of coagulogram indicators points out the possibility of developing the syndrome of disseminated intravascular coagulation among patients with ischemic stroke. In this case, the decrease in the platelet aggregation properties indicates the development of thrombocytopathy under a preserved platelet number among the patients with ischemic stroke. The degree of the severity of atherotrombotic ischemic stroke is associated with indicators of coagulation hemostasis and platelet aggregation characteristics. The severity of cardioembolic ischemic stroke is associated with processes of platelet aggregation processes.
TERMINATION OF ANTIPLATELET AND ANTICOAGULANT THERAPY BEFORE CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING
Authors: Gogayeva O.K.
Published: June 2021

The aim of the study is to analyze the peculiarities of the timing of discontinuation of antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy before coronary artery bypass grafting. The study is based on a retrospective analysis of 194 patients who were discharged after coronary artery bypass surgery from M. Amosov National Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine for the period of 2009 - 2019. The average age of the patients was 64.2±8.9 years. All the patients underwent standard laboratory tests, coronary angiography and coronary artery bypass grafting. The analysis of the regimen of antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy showed that 44 (22.6%) patients discontinued this medication 1 day before surgery. 86 (44.3%) patients were recommended to discontinue the medication within 2-5 days before coronary artery bypass grafting, 40 (20.6%) patients discontinued antithrombotic drugs 6-10 days before the operation. 11 (5.6%) patients did not received anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents before the operation. The majority of patients (67.01%) terminated antiplatelet therapy 1-5 days before the operation; intraoperative blood loss in average was 334.7±89.7ml. A correlation analysis between the regimen of antiplatelet / anticoagulant therapy and intraoperative blood loss revealed a negative relationship (r = -, 0.85). The patients who were on triple therapy before coronary artery bypass grafting underwent hemotransfusion in 75% of cases; among the patients who received dual antiplatelet therapy, blood transfusion was performed in 26.04% of cases, and patients who were on monotherapy with acetylsalicylic acid, blood products were transfused in 22,8% of cases. Conclusions: earlier withdrawal of antiplatelet agents before coronary bypass grafting is associated with fewer blood transfusions - when antithrombotic therapy was terminated 1 day before coronary artery bypass grafting, the frequency of blood transfusions was 36.3%, and among the patients who did not receive antiplatelet therapy before surgery, blood transfusion was performed in 18.1% of cases.
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS CAUSING FOOD HYPERSENSITIVITY IN YOUNG CHILDREN IN LVIV OBLAST
Authors: Matsyura O.I.
Published: June 2021

Food hypersensitivity in young children is a quite pressing issue as it encompasses a wide range of clinical symptoms and requires a patient-centred approach in diagnosis, therapy and selecting preventive measures. A progressive increase in different forms of food hypersensitivity is associated with many factors, and, in particularly, with malnutrition and harmful environmental impact. Epigenetic and genetic factors, which potentially can be related to food hypersensitivity and allergy, are being thoroughly studied. In such a complex context, the detection of risk factors for the disease development is of great importance as taking them into account the healthcare professionals can offer proper recommendations on diet, living conditions, and lifestyle. The aim of this research is to perform analysis of factors, which can result in the development of food hypersensitivity in young children in Lviv oblast. The study of the prevalence of food intolerance in children was conducted by using a special questionnaire. 4500 questionnaires were distributed in pre-school and medical settings to question parents. The questionnaire included 34 questions grouped into four sections: general information and health details in parts A, B, and C. The section of general information included questions about the region where the child resided, personal data of a child (age, sex) and presence of serious disease (either past or present). Part A had questions about serious past or present diseases; part B covered information about the child’s family and its social history; part C included questions about the environment and living conditions of a child, as well as dietary habits and their relation to the development of clinical symptoms of the disease. Analysis of 3214 questionnaires providing information from parents on anamnesis and living conditions of young children was carried out. Values of 56 factors were analyzed with further calculation of correlation coefficients regarding the development of food hypersensitivity for each of them. Statistical analysis enabled to distinguish 15 signs among these factors that significantly correlated with the formation of food hypersensitivity in young children. This investigation enabled not only to detect factors that can affect the development of food hypersensitivity in young children, but also to suggest a mathematical model for customized calculation of risk factors to this pathology. Data of mathematical analysis performed can be used for elaborating the integrated complex of measures aimed at preventing the development of food hypersensitivity in young children in Lviv oblast.
Sleep of the Soul and Resurrection of the Body: Aphrahat’s Anthropology in Context
Authors: Walters J. Edward
Published: June 2021

The fourth-century Syriac corpus known as the Demonstrations, attributed to Aphrahat, the Persian Sage, provides a unique window into the early development of Christianity among Syriac-speaking communities. Occasionally these writings attest to beliefs and practices that were not common among other contemporaneous Christian communities, such as Aphrahat’s apparent belief in the “sleep of the soul” and the implications of that belief for his concept of the soul-body relationship and what happens to the soul and body at the resurrection. Aphrahat addresses this topic in the context of a polemical argument against an unnamed opponent, which provides the occasion to consider whom these arguments might be addressed against. The present article seeks to understand Aphrahat’s views on the body and soul within the broad religious milieu of the eastern Mediterranean world in Late Antiquity. The article concludes with an argument for reading and understanding the Demonstrations as a witness to the contested development of Christian identity in the Syriac-speaking world.
Periodismo de datos y prensa nativa digital: cobertura de la campaña electoral del 10N a través de El Confidencial, Eldiario.es y El Español
Authors: Rubio Jordán Ana Virginia
Published: June 2021

El volumen de datos tan grande al que podemos tener acceso hoy en día hace que nos encontremos con un nuevo escenario mediático. El periodismo de datos supone un modo distinto de contar historias, una narrativa visual que combina los datos con las últimas tecnologías en análisis, visualización y representación. Los comicios electorales suponen una oportunidad para estudiar la forma en la que los medios digitales publican piezas relacionadas con el periodismo de datos, puesto que se produce mucho material en forma de sondeo, encuestas o entrevistas. Esta comunicación ofrece, mediante el empleo de una metodología descriptiva y comparativa, una visión particular sobre la situación del periodismo de datos en España a través de la cobertura de la campaña electoral de las elecciones generales del 10 de noviembre de 2019. El carácter descriptivo de la investigación se basa en que uno de los objetivos es conocer y analizar la puesta en práctica del periodismo de datos en los medios digitales españoles. La muestra la componen El Confidencial, Eldiario.es y El Español.
Análisis de los contenidos con presencia de marca en la prensa digital española. Estudio de caso: Elpais.com 2019
Authors: Jaramillo Sánchez Cristina
Published: June 2021

En este artículo se difunden resultados de una investigación en la que se ha afrontado un estudio de caso orientado a analizar la presencia y características de los contenidos de marca en la portada de Elpais.com. Para ello, se ha examinado una muestra de 28 portadas en las que se han contabilizado un total de 545 piezas durante los meses de mayo y junio de 2019. A partir de esta muestra se analiza el origen, la visibilidad, el formato y la autoría de estas piezas, entre otros aspectos. De los resultados obtenidos se desprende que los contenidos de marca adquieren una importante presencia, ocupando más del 16% del total de las piezas de portada. De la muestra analizada, el branded content se presenta como el tipo con más presencia y que más elementos multimedia e interactivos incluye. Asimismo, se percibe una apuesta clara por los contenidos de afiliación utilizados como fuente de ingresos para el medio. Por último, se concluye que más de la mitad de las piezas estudiadas son elaboradas por periodistas y colaboradores que trabajan para el medio.
Encuadres de la violencia machista: estudio comparativo de las noticias sobre delitos con victimas (1996-2016)
Authors: Gorosarri González Maria
Published: June 2021

Este artículo analiza el tratamiento de los delitos con víctimas en los dos periódicos de referencia en España, El País y El Mundo. Siguiendo la teoría del enfoque (‘framing’), mediante el análisis de contenido, se medirán cuatro encuadres habituales que inciden en la consideración social de la violencia machista: identificación más detallada de la denunciante que del agresor, construcción de la alteridad racial del agresor, atribución explícita de responsabilidad en el delito sufrido  y menoscabo de la credibilidad de la denunciante, condicionado a la reiteración del término ‘presunto’ (Berganza, 2003; Carbadillo, 2010; Easteal, Holland y Judd, 2015; Escribano, 2014). Se comparará por primera vez el alcance de esos cuatro encuadres en violencias machistas con otros delitos que causan víctimas y necesitan de la denuncia de éstas (terrorismo, delitos de odio, siniestralidad laboral, seguridad vial, delitos contra la propiedad y violencia contra las personas sin componente de género). Se probará que la identificación más detallada de la denunciante, la alteridad racial del agresor y el menoscabo de la credibilidad de la denunciante son encuadres específicos a las violencias contra las mujeres. El estudio temporal (1996-2016) evidenciará, además, que se acentúan tras la aprobación de la legislación sobre igualdad.
Revisión bibliográfica de la marca corporativa: hacia una definición y gestión integradoras
Authors: Pereira-Villazón Tatiana , Portilla Idoia , Rodríguez-Salcedo Natalia
Published: June 2021

La marca corporativa es un activo intangible y estratégico de gran valor que se vincula a conceptos como identidad e imagen. Esto le ha supuesto la atención de diversas disciplinas, no solo de la comunicación. El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar dichas disciplinas, autores destacados, ofrecer una definición integradora de la marca corporativa, identificar conceptos relacionados y el área a la que se asigna su gestión. Se trata de arrojar luz sobre la importancia de una adecuada gestión de la marca corporativa. Para ello, se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica sistematizada de los trabajos académicos publicados durante el periodo 2016-2018. Sobre ellos se aplica un análisis de contenido cuantitativo y cualitativo. Tras la revisión de 112 publicaciones académicas en 66 revistas, se observa la escasa aportación del área de la comunicación en contraste con la gestión y el marketing, de donde proceden también los autores más citados. Respecto a la gestión de la marca corporativa, destaca el papel de la alta dirección y el área de marketing.  La variedad temática de las aportaciones y el valor estratégico de la marca corporativa sugieren la necesidad de aportar un enfoque multidisciplinar en la gestión y estudio de la marca corporativa.
Effects of Theracurmin® consumption on liver function, fatigue, and sleep: a randomized, double-blind, placebo- controlled, parallel-comparison study
Authors: Kuwabara Yoshitaka , Hirose Akiko , Lee Hyunjin , Hashimoto Daisuke , Iio Shin-ichiro , Takara Tsuyoshi
Published: June 2021

Objective: To evaluate the effects of the eight-week consumption of Theracurmin® on liver function, fatigue, and sleep.Methods: This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-comparison study involving 68 healthy Japanese adults. Subjects were allocated into either the active (Theracurmin®) or placebo group (n = 34 each) using a random number generator. Subjects consumed two capsules per day of either the active or placebo food for eight weeks. The primary outcome was the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels at eight weeks, whereas the secondary outcomes were the biomarkers of liver function, comparison of the percentages of improvement in liver function based on the decision criteria, OSA sleep inventory MA version (OSA-MA), and visual analog scale of fatigue.Results: Each group included 33 subjects in the full analysis set. ALT levels in the per protocol set analysis, except for subjects drinking quantities of alcohol that increase the risk of lifestyle-related disease onset, showed a significant decrease in ALT compared to the placebo group (P < 0.05). The subjective symptom in the fatigue recovery factor of OSA-MA was significantly improved through the intervention (P < 0.05). The fatigue recovery effect of Theracurmin® was prominent in the subjects aged ≤ 45 years, the age group defined by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare as middle-aged and older persons in the Act on Stabilization of Employment of Elderly. No adverse event was observed.Conclusions: These results suggest that the consumption of Theracurmin® or eight weeks improved liver function and fatigue recovery at awakening in healthy Japanese adults.Trial registration: UMIN-CTR: UMIN000039319.Foundation: Theravalues CorporationKeywords: highly bioavailable curcumin, liver function, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), OSA sleep inventory MA version, fatigue recovery
Infinite arguments and semantics of dialectical proof procedures
Authors: Thang Phan Minh , Dung Phan Minh , Pooksook Jiraporn
Published: June 2021

We study the semantics of dialectical proof procedures. As dialectical proof procedures are in general sound but not complete wrt admissibility semantics, a natural question here is whether we could give a more precise semantical characterization of what they compute. Based on a new notion of infinite arguments representing (possibly infinite) loops, we introduce a stricter notion of admissibility, referred to as strict admissibility, and show that dialectical proof procedures are in general sound and complete wrt strict admissibility.
Comparison between whole blood viscosity measured and calculated in subjects with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and in patients with multiple myeloma: Re-evaluation of our survey
Authors: Carlisi Melania , Mancuso Salvatrice , Lo Presti Rosalia , Siragusa Sergio , Caimi Gregorio
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: in this study, with a re-evaluation of the hemorheological determinants previously described in MGUS subjects and in MM patients, we have detected the calculated whole blood viscosity, according whether to the hematocrit and total plasma protein concentration (de Simone formula) or to the haematocrit and plasma fibrinogen level (Merrill formula), and a marker of the erythrocyte aggregation (albumin/fibrinogen level). METHODS: data were expressed as means±standard deviation. Student’s t test for unpaired data was used to compare MGUS subjects and MM patients. The correlation coefficient between mean erythrocyte aggregation (MEA) and hematocrit (Ht) was evaluated in MGUS, MM and MGUS + MM groups using the Spearman test. RESULTS: the comparison between MGUS and MM shows that the measured blood viscosity and calculated blood viscosity based on hematocrit and total plasma protein, but not which estimated in relation to the hematocrit and plasma fibrinogen, differentiate the two groups. A difference between the two groups also regards the measured erythrocyte aggregation and its surrogate marker. In addition, the measured plasma viscosity at low shear rate (0.51 s–1) and, in particular, the ratio between plasma viscosity at low (0.51 s–1) and high (450 s–1) shear rates distinguish MGUS and MM. CONCLUSIONS: calculated blood viscosity (de Simone formula and other formulas) and the surrogate marker of erythrocyte aggregation disclose an alike trend with the corresponding hemorheological determinants obtained by using their direct measurement.
Accumulation of sugars and associated gene expression in highbush blueberries differ by cultivar, ripening stage, and storage temperature
Authors: Nguyen Chau Thi Thu , Lee Ji Hyun , Tran Phu-Tri
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND:

The sweetness of highbush blueberries is a sensory quality standard for consumers. Changes in metabolites and expression of associated genes induce variation in the sensory quality of blueberries.

OBJECTIVE:

This work investigated the ripening mechanism of blueberries by measuring changes in organic acids and sugar content as well as the gene expression levels associated with sugar accumulation, such as β amylase, invertase, sucrose phosphate synthase, and tonoplast monosaccharide transporter genes, before and after harvesting.

METHODS:

We used three different blueberry cultivars (Duke, Sierra, and Elizabeth) that we harvested at two ripening stages in a randomized complete block design and then kept at room temperature or 4°C for 7 days. The organic acids and sugar content were measured via HPLC, and gene expression levels were analyzed by qPCR.

RESULTS:

Cultivars, ripening stage, and storage conditions affected the synthesis of sugars and degradation of organic acids to determine the sweetness in blueberries and the expression of tagged genes and analyses of compounds involved in the metabolic mechanism.

CONCLUSIONS:

The results provide insights into the mechanism underlying the ripening and the postharvest quality. This study may support the selection of suitable blueberry cultivars that meet customer demand.
What Happened with Muscle Force, Dynamic Stability And Falls? A 10-Year Longitudinal Follow-Up in Adults with Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1
Authors: Hammarén Elisabet , Kollén Lena
Published: June 2021

Background: Individuals with myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) are known to stumble and fall, but knowledge is scarce regarding dynamic stability in this disorder. Objective: To describe disease progress regarding muscle force, dynamic stability and patient reported unintentional falls during a ten-year period, in individuals with DM1. Methods: Quantification of isometric muscle force in four leg muscle groups and assessment of Timed 10-meter-walk in maximum speed (T10max), Timed Up&Go (TUG) and Step test (STEP) were performed at three occasions in a DM1 cohort, together with self-reported falls. Results: Thirty-four people (m/f:11/23, age: 50.2 + /–9.4) participated. The muscle force loss after ten years was large in the distal ankle muscles. A steeper force decrease was seen in most muscles between year five and ten compared to the former five-year period. Males reported more falls than females, 91% vs 35% had fallen last year. A positive correlation, ρ= 0.633, p < 0.001, was shown between walking time (T10max) and number of falls. Frequent fallers were only seen among those with slower walk (T10max > 10seconds), and fewer steps in the STEP test (STEP≤5 steps). Conclusions: A diminishing leg muscle strength and worse dynamic stability were seen in the group, with a steeper decrease in the latter five years. Weak ankle dorsiflexors, a slower walk and difficulties to lift the forefoot were related to frequent falls.
Revertant Phenomenon in DMD and LGMD2I and Its Therapeutic Implications: A Review of Study Under Mentorship of Terrence Partridge
Authors: Lu Qi Long
Published: June 2021

This review recollects my initial research focus on revertant fibers (expressing dystrophin in the background of frame-shifting mutation) in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) muscles in Professor Terrence Partridge’s Muscle Cell Biology Laboratory in MRC Clinical Research Science Center, Harmmersmith Hospital, London, UK. Our data indicated that revertant fibers are most likely resulted from epigenetic random events which skip exon(s) flanking the mutated exon, leading to the restoration of the reading frame. Some of these events establish themselves as relatively permanent skipping patterns, a mechanism similar to multiple transcript species established in various cell types. With this hypothesis, antisense oligonucleotide-mediated exon skipping is likely to have a great chance to achieve restoration of therapeutic levels of dystrophin in DMD muscles. This leads to our first reports of local and systemic efficacy of antisense oligonucleotide-mediated exon skipping for DMD treatment. The experience under Terry’s mentorship shaped my thinking and led me to explore another revertant feature in the dystroglycanopathy caused by mutations in the Fukutin Related Protein (FKRP) gene which functions as a glycosyltransferase. Mutant FKRPs retain partial function and produce a fraction of normal to no detectable levels of laminin-binding α-dystroglycan (matriglycan) in most of the muscle fibers. Reversion to near normal levels of matriglycan expression in muscles with FKRP mutations depends on muscle regeneration and in muscles of neonate mice, suggesting that changes in metabolism and gene expression could be sufficient to compensate for the reduced function of mutant FKRP genes even those associated with severe congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD). This is now supported by our successful demonstration that supply of FKRP mutant mice with ribitol, a precursor for substrate of FKRP, is sufficient to restore the levels of matriglycan with therapeutic significance. Our data overall suggest that rare events of reversion in muscular dystrophy, and likely other diseases could provide unique insight for mechanisms and therapeutic exploitation.
Technology for Measuring and Monitoring Treatment Compliance Remotely
Authors: Christie Richard H. , Abbas Anzar , Koesmahargyo Vidya
Published: June 2021

Medication non-adherence during clinical trials is an ongoing challenge that can result in insufficient safety and efficacy data. For patients with Parkinson’s disease and other neurological disorders, symptomatology such as forgetfulness compounds traditional obstacles to adherence. Today, sponsors and clinical study sites can call upon various technology tools that improve adherence by monitoring and confirming dosage in near real-time. These tools have the potential to improve the quality of data gleaned from these studies.
Maternal diabetes and fetal cardiac output
Authors: Narasimhan S.L. , Eid A. , Bhatia A. , Davey C. , Steinberger J.
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND:

The intrauterine environment is a key determinant for long-term health outcomes. Adverse fetal environments, such as maternal diabetes, obesity and placental insufficiency are strongly associated with long-term health risks in children. Little is known about differences in fetal cardiac output hemodynamics of diabetic mothers (DM) vs. non-diabetic mothers (NDM). Our study aims to investigate the left-sided, right-sided, and combined cardiac output (CCO) in fetuses of DM vs. NDM.

METHODS:

Retrospective data were collected in fetuses of DM (N = 532) and NDM (103) at mean gestational age 24 weeks. Examination included 2D echo and pulse wave Doppler. Wilcoxon rank sum tests and Chi-square tests were used to test for distribution difference of maternal and fetal continuous and categorical measures respectively between DM and NDM. Intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated to assess intra-observer reliability of fetal cardiac measurements.

RESULTS:

DM mothers had higher mean weight (89.7±22.2 kg) than NDM (76.8±19.8 kg), p < 0.0001 and higher mean BMI (33.4±7.5) than NDM (28.3±5.8), p < 0.0001. C-section delivery occurred in 66% of DM vs. 35% of NDM fetuses. Fetuses of DM mothers had significantly larger semilunar valve diameter, higher left ventricular (LV) output, higher combined cardiac output and lower right ventricle /left ventricle ratio compared to NDM.

CONCLUSION:

The greater CCO (adjusted for fetal weight), left sided cardiac output in the fetuses of DM, compared to NDM, represent differences in cardiac adaptation to the diabetic environment.
A gaming system with haptic feedback to improve upper extremity function: A prospective case series
Authors: Hernandez Hamilton , Poitras Isabelle , Fay Linda , Khan Ajmal , Roy Jean-Sébastien , Biddiss Elaine
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND:

Video games can be used to motivate repetitive movements in paediatric rehabilitation. Most upper limb videogaming therapies do not however include haptic feedback which can limit their impact.

OBJECTIVE:

To explore the effectiveness of interactive computer play with haptic feedback for improving arm function in children with cerebral palsy (CP).

METHODS:

Eleven children with hemiplegic CP attended 12 therapist-guided sessions in which they used a gaming station composed of the Novint Falcon, custom-built handles, physical supports for the child’s arm, games, and an application to manage and calibrate therapeutic settings. Outcome measures included Quality of Upper Extremity Skills Test (QUEST) and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM). The study protocol is registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04298411).

RESULTS:

Participants completed a mean of 3858 wrist extensions and 6665 elbow/shoulder movements during the therapist-guided sessions. Clinically important improvements were observed on the dissociated and grasp dimensions on the QUEST and the performance and satisfaction scales of the COPM (all [Formula: see text] 0.05).

CONCLUSION:

This study suggests that computer play with haptic feedback could be a useful and playful option to help improve the hand/arm capacities of children with CP and warrants further study. The opportunities and challenges of using low-cost, mainstream gaming software and hardware for therapeutic applications are discussed.
DETERMINATION OF PREMEDITATED MURDER FROM SUICIDE AND ACCIDENT: THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES
Authors:   Donetsk State University of Internal Affairs, Peresada Olha
Published: June 2021

The article considers topical issues of definition and qualification of premeditated murder. Intentional homicide has been shown to be distinguished from related and externally similar events, such as suicide and accident. This issue is especially relevant given the fact that a person who committed premeditated murder may knowingly seek to create an environment for incorrect classification of the act. Therefore, it is not possible and not necessary to draw unambiguous conclusions about the legal qualification of such an event solely due to objective circumstances, despite the sometimes obvious nature of the event. The author identified a number of common and distinctive features that should be taken into account by law enforcement agencies during the qualification of an event involving a violent death. An example is the presence and clarity of the reasons for which a person may have committed a probable suicide. However, it is stated that a person's subjective attitude to the act and external signs should be considered only in conjunction with other circumstances. The author also considers certain features of the object, subject, objective and subjective side of premeditated murder, which will be key in resolving the issue of qualification. It was found that the essential features of premeditated murder are its illegality and the intention to take the life of another person, is only in the presence of both of these factors can a legal fact be interpreted as premeditated murder. There are certain signs of an accident that distinguish such an event from premeditated murder. The key is the absence of any form of guilt on the part of the perpetrator. The author also identified a number of features in the presence of which the qualification of the act as premeditated murder should be excluded, for example, the case when the subject of the act and the victim are one and the same person.
Global Scientific Outputs of Palliative Care Publications: A Holistic Approach with Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Akdağlı Ekici Arzu , Yağan Özgür
Published: June 2021

Objective: This study aims to summarize the scientific outputs of the palliative care studies conducted between 1975 and 2019 through bibliometric analyses, identify the top effective journals, top-cited studies, the collaboration between countries, and trend topics.
Materials and Methods: We performed a bibliometric analysis on palliative care. “Palliative care”, “terminal care”, “end-of-life care” and “hospice care” terms were used as the keywords in the title section of articles in Web of Science database. Spearman correlation coefficient was performed for the correlation analysis between the number of publications produced by the countries and economic indicators.
Results: There were 22361 publications about palliative care. Of these publications, 10309 were articles. The top three countries that produced more than 100 articles were the USA, the United Kingdom, and Canada. The top three journals that had the highest number of publications were Journal of Palliative Medicine, Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, and Palliative Medicine. There was a positive, highly significant relationship between the number of publications and Gross domestic product (r = 0.709, p <0.001).
Conclusion: This study is believed to be a beneficial guide about the global outputs of palliative care for the clinicians and scientists and present new research ideas to the researchers.
Medicina não-convencional: prevalência em pacientes oncológicos
Authors: Elias Marcia Carlos , Alves Elaine
Published: June 2021

Este estudo descreve a prevalência de medicina não-convencional em pacientes oncológicos a partir da entrevista de 105 pacientes atendidos no Ambulatório de Quimioterapia de Adultos do Hospital Universitário de Brasília (HUB) no período de dezembro de 2000 a junho de 2001. Os achados demonstraram que 63,81% dos pacientes fizeram uso de medicina nãoconvencional. Os usuários foram, em sua maioria, mulheres (p=0,417), jovens, brancas (p=0,856), com câncer de mama, residentes no Distrito Federal (p=0,317), com boas condições de moradia e com ensino fundamental incompleto (p=0,347). A fitoterapia foi a terapia mais utilizada. A razão mais freqüentemente mencionada para o uso das terapias não-convencionais foi a indicação de terceiros, com o objetivo de curar a doença. A medicina não-convencional foi analisada com ênfase nos fatores que influenciam sua prevalência na oncologia, sua relação com a enfermagem e com a ética. Discorreu-se a respeito dos riscos, benefícios e precauções em relação às terapias não-convencionais.
Ilmu Pengetahuan Dan Etika
Authors: Syabani Reza M.
Published: June 2021

Ilmu pengetahuan berupaya mengungkapkan realitas sebagaimana adanya, etika dan moral pada dasarnya adalah petunjuk tentang apa yang seharusnya dilakukan manusia.  Ilmu pengetahuan merupakan seluruh usaha sadar untuk menyelidiki, menemukan, dan meningkatkan pemahaman manusia dari berbagai segi kenyataan dalam alam manusia. Segi-segi ini dibatasi agar dihasilkan rumusan-rumusan yang pasti. Ilmu memberikan kepastian dengan membatasi lingkup pandangannya, dan kepastian ilmu-ilmu diperoleh dari keterbatasannya. Ilmu bukan sekedar pengetahuan (knowledge), tetapi merangkum sekumpulan pengetahuan berdasarkan teori-teori yang disepakati dan dapat secara sistematik diuji dengan seperangkat metode yang diakui dalam bidang ilmu tertentu.
Kerjasama Dan Kompetensi Untuk Meningkatkan Moral Kelompok
Authors: Hidayatullah Asep Saya
Published: June 2021

Peningkatan mutu pendidikan dirasakan sebagai suatu kebutuhan bangsa yang ingin maju. Dengan keyakinan bahwa pendidikan yang bermutu dapat menunjang pembangunan disegala bidang. Oleh sebab itu perlu adanya pemahaman tentang dasar dan tujuan pendidikan secara mendalam. Apabila kita telah memahami dasar dan tujuan pendidikan, maka kita bisa memajukan pendidikan secara nasional. Pendidikan merupakan suatu proses generasi muda untuk dapat menjalankan kehidupan dan memenuhi tujuan hidupnya secara lebih efektif dan efisien. Pendidikan Islam adalah usaha merubah tingkah laku individu di dalam kehidupan pribadinya atau kehidupan kemasyarakatannya dan kehidupan dalam alam sekitar melalui proses pendidikan. Tujuan pendidikan Islam secara umum adalah untuk mencapai tujuan hidup muslim, yakni menumbuhkan kesadaran manusia sebagai makhluk Allah SWT agar mereka tumbuh dan berkembang menjadi manusia yang berakhlak mulia dan beribadah kepada-Nya.
As Redes Sociais Como O Futuro Das Transmissões Esportivas
Authors: Costa Daniel Pereira
Published: June 2021

As transmissões esportivas se revolucionaram ao longo do tempo. O rádio e a televisão foram os principais meios de comunicação na história, porém com a explosão da internet e criação das redes sociais, estas vêm sendo a nova tendência na forma de transmitir nos últimos anos. Com o advento da pandemia da Covid-19, o número de pessoas em casa aumentou exponencialmente e o consumo desse tipo de produto em plataformas digitais acompanhou esse desenvolvimento. O presente artigo tem como objetivo ilustrar como as redes sociais são o futuro da transmissão esportiva pegando como referencial o método que os clubes brasileiros estão usando para se reinventar e poderem trazer os seus torcedores, até então distanciados devido à crise sanitária mundial, a um ambiente de transmissão com características próprias destes times e uma possibilidade de interatividade maior. Alguns autores e definições também foram expostos ao longo do presente trabalho com a finalidade de elucidar os termos principais.