bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aortocaval Compression Syndrome: Time to Revisit Certain Dogmas
Authors: Lee Allison J. , Landau Ruth
Published: July 2017

More than 70 years ago, the phenomenon of “postural shock” in the supine position was described in healthy women in late pregnancy. Since then, avoidance of the supine position has become a key component of clinical practice. Indeed, performing pelvic tilt in mothers at term to avoid aortocaval compression is a universally adopted measure, particularly during cesarean delivery. The studies on which this practice is based are largely nonrandomized, utilized a mix of anesthetic techniques, and were conducted decades ago in the setting of avoidance of vasopressors. Recent evidence is beginning to refine our understanding of the physiologic consequences of aortocaval compression in the context of contemporary clinical practice. For example, magnetic resonance imaging of women at term in the supine and tilted positions has challenged the dogma that 15° of left tilt is sufficient to relieve inferior vena cava compression. A clinical investigation of healthy term women undergoing elective cesarean delivery with spinal anesthesia found no difference in neonatal acid-base status between women randomized to be either tilted to the left by 15° or to be in the supine position, if maternal systolic blood pressure is maintained at baseline with a crystalloid coload and prophylactic phenylephrine infusion. This review presents a fresh look at the decades of evidence surrounding this topic and proposes a reevaluation and appraisal of current guidelines regarding entrenched practices.
Avoiding Complications From Patient Positioning for Intraocular Surgery
Authors: Chronopoulos Argyrios , Herbert John , Thumann Gabriele , Schutz James S.
Published: July 2017

Collaboration of the surgical and anesthesia teams for patient positioning is essential to assure patient comfort and safety, preventing systemic and ophthalmic complications. The goals and rationales of positioning for intraocular surgery are discussed including placing the head above the heart, elevating the chin, using a head rest that is sufficiently firm, maximizing anesthesia care team access and minimizing fire risk, and taping the patient’s head to the operating table to reduce unexpected movement with intraocular injury.
Addition of Nasal Cannula Can Either Impair or Enhance Preoxygenation With a Bag Valve Mask: A Randomized Crossover Design Study Comparing Oxygen Flow Rates
Authors: McQuade David , Miller Matthew R. , Hayes-Bradley Clare
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUND:

A critical safety component of emergency anesthesia is the avoidance of hypoxemia during the apneic phase of a rapid sequence intubation. Preoxygenation with a bag valve mask (BVM) or anesthetic circuit may be improved with supplemental oxygen by nasal cannula (NC) if there is a mask leak. In addition, NC is recommended for apneic oxygenation after induction and may be placed before preoxygenation. However, the optimum NC flow rate for preoxygenation or whether the presence of NC alone creates a mask leak remains unclear.

METHODS:

We performed a randomized crossover study on healthy volunteers comparing BVM alone and BVM with NC flow rates of 0 (NC-0), 5 (NC-5), 10 (NC-10), and 15 (NC-15) liters per minute (lpm). Our primary outcome was end-tidal oxygen (ETo
2) after 3-minute preoxygenation.

RESULTS:

There was no difference in ETo
2 between NC-15, NC-10, or BVM-only at 3 minutes. NC-0 and NC-5 recorded significantly lower ETo
2 at all times compared with NC-15, NC-10, or BVM-only (least difference NC-5, −7% [95% confidence interval {CI}, −4% to −10%), NC-0, 16% [95% CI, 13%–19%]). There was a difference in ETo
2 between NC-15 and BVM-only at 1 minute (7%; 95% CI, 5%–9%), but not at 2 or 3 minutes. There was no difference in ETo
2 between NC-10 and NC-15.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our study found that NC at 0 and 5 lpm with a BVM is deleterious to preoxygenation and should be avoided. In addition, a lack of difference between NC-10 and BVM-only demonstrates that NC at flows of at least 10 lpm should not impair the preoxygenation process. While NC-15 may offer a benefit by reaching maximal ETo
2 at 1 minute, this would need to be balanced against patient comfort.
Impact of Different Ventilation Strategies on Driving Pressure, Mechanical Power, and Biological Markers During Open Abdominal Surgery in Rats
Authors: Maia Lígia de A. , Samary Cynthia S. , Oliveira Milena V. , Santos Cintia L. , Huhle Robert , Capelozzi Vera L. , Morales Marcelo M. , Schultz Marcus J. , Abreu Marcelo G. , Pelosi Paolo , Silva Pedro L. , Rocco Patricia Rieken Macedo
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUND:

Intraoperative mechanical ventilation may yield lung injury. To date, there is no consensus regarding the best ventilator strategy for abdominal surgery. We aimed to investigate the impact of the mechanical ventilation strategies used in 2 recent trials (Intraoperative Protective Ventilation [IMPROVE] trial and Protective Ventilation using High versus Low PEEP [PROVHILO] trial) on driving pressure (ΔP
RS), mechanical power, and lung damage in a model of open abdominal surgery.

METHODS:

Thirty-five Wistar rats were used, of which 28 were anesthetized, and a laparotomy was performed with standardized bowel manipulation. Postoperatively, animals (n = 7/group) were randomly assigned to 4 hours of ventilation with: (1) tidal volume (V
T) = 7 mL/kg and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) = 1 cm H2O without recruitment maneuvers (RMs) (low V
T/low PEEP/RM−), mimicking the low-V
T/low-PEEP strategy of PROVHILO; (2) V
T = 7 mL/kg and PEEP = 3 cm H2O with RMs before laparotomy and hourly thereafter (low V
T/moderate PEEP/4 RM+), mimicking the protective ventilation strategy of IMPROVE; (3) V
T = 7 mL/kg and PEEP = 6 cm H2O with RMs only before laparotomy (low V
T/high PEEP/1 RM+), mimicking the strategy used after intubation and before extubation in PROVHILO; or (4) V
T = 14 mL/kg and PEEP = 1 cm H2O without RMs (high V
T/low PEEP/RM−), mimicking conventional ventilation used in IMPROVE. Seven rats were not tracheotomized, operated, or mechanically ventilated, and constituted the healthy nonoperated and nonventilated controls.

RESULTS:

Low V
T/moderate PEEP/4 RM+ and low V
T/high PEEP/1 RM+, compared to low V
T/low PEEP/RM− and high V
T/low PEEP/RM−, resulted in lower ΔP
RS (7.1 ± 0.8 and 10.2 ± 2.1 cm H2O vs 13.9 ± 0.9 and 16.9 ± 0.8 cm H2O, respectively; P< .001) and less mechanical power (63 ± 7 and 79 ± 20 J/min vs 110 ± 10 and 120 ± 20 J/min, respectively; P = .007). Low V
T/high PEEP/1 RM+ was associated with less alveolar collapse than low V
T/low PEEP/RM− (P = .03). E-cadherin expression was higher in low V
T/moderate PEEP/4 RM+ than in low V
T/low PEEP/RM− (P = .013) or high V
T/low PEEP/RM− (P = .014). The extent of alveolar collapse, E-cadherin expression, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha correlated with ΔP
RS (r = 0.54 [P = .02], r = −0.48 [P = .05], and r = 0.59 [P = .09], respectively) and mechanical power (r = 0.57 [P = .02], r = −0.54 [P = .02], and r = 0.48 [P = .04], respectively).

CONCLUSIONS:

In this model of open abdominal surgery based on the mechanical ventilation strategies used in IMPROVE and PROVHILO trials, lower mechanical power and its surrogate ΔP
RS were associated with reduced lung damage.
Screening in larval zebrafish reveals tissue-specific distributions of fifteen fluorescent compounds
Authors: Yao Yuxiao , Sun Shaoyang , Fei Fei , Wang Jingjing , Wang Youhua , Zhang Ranran , Wu Jing , Liu Lian , Liu Xiuyun , Cui Zhaomeng , Li Qiang , Yu Min , Dang Yongjun , Wang Xu
Published: July 2017

Zebrafish is a prominent vertebrate model for low cost in vivo whole organism screening. In our recent screening of the distribution patterns of fluorescent compounds in live zebrafish larvae, fifteen compounds with tissue-specific distributions were identified. Several compounds were observed to accumulate in tissues where they were reported to induce side effects, and compounds with similar structures tended to be enriched in the same tissues, with minor differences. In particular, we found three novel red fluorescent bone staining dyes: purpurin, lucidin and 3-hydroxy-morindone, among which purpurin can effectively label bones in both larval and adult zebrafish, as well as in postnatal mice, without significantly affecting bone mass and density. Moreover, two structurally similar chemotherapeutic compounds, doxorubicin and epirubicin, were observed to have distinct distribution preferences in zebrafish. Epirubicin maintained a relatively higher concentration in the liver, and performed better in inhibiting hepatic hyperplasia caused by the over-expression of krasG12V. In total, our study suggests that the transparent zebrafish larvae serve as valuable tools for identifying tissue-specific distributions of fluorescent compounds.
Maximum thermal limits of coral reef damselfishes are size-dependent and resilient to near-future ocean acidification
Authors: Clark Timothy D. , Roche Dominique G. , Binning Sandra A. , Speers-Roesch Ben , Sundin Josefin
Published: July 2017

Theoretical models predict that ocean acidification, caused by increased dissolved CO2, will reduce the maximum thermal limits of fishes, thereby increasing their vulnerability to rising ocean temperatures and transient heatwaves. Here, we test this prediction in three species of damselfishes on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Maximum thermal limits were quantified using critical thermal maxima (CTmax) tests following acclimation to either present-day or end-of-century levels of CO2 for coral reef environments (∼500 or ∼1,000 µatm, respectively). While species differed significantly in their thermal limits, whereby Dischistodus perspicillatus exhibited greater CTmax (37.88±0.03oC; N=47) than Dascyllus aruanus (37.68±0.02oC; N=85) and Acanthochromis polyacanthus (36.58±0.02oC; N=63), end-of-century CO2 had no effect (D. aruanus) or a slightly positive effect (increase in CTmax of 0.16oC in D. perspicillatus and 0.21oC in A. polyacanthus) on CTmax. Contrary to expectations, smaller individuals were equally as resilient to CO2 as larger conspecifics, and CTmax was higher at smaller body sizes in two species. These findings suggest that ocean acidification will not impair the maximum thermal limits of reef fishes, and they highlight the critical role of experimental biology in testing predictions of theoretical models forecasting the consequences of environmental change.
A Theoretical Study on the Dynamics of O(3P) + H2S(1A1) Reaction on an Interpolated Potential Energy Surface
Authors: Masoumpour Marziyeh Sadat , Mousavipour Seyed Hosein
Published: July 2017

Quasi-classical trajectory calculations at the DFT level and CVT calculations at the CCSD(T) level are performed to study the dynamics of O(3P) + H2S(1A1) reaction on the lowest triplet potential energy surface. In the dynamics part the potential energy surface has been constructed by interpolation technique following the method introduced by Collins and his coworkers. Total and individual classical reactive cross sections are calculated at collision energies from 13.1 to 126.0 kJ mol−1. The rate constants from QCT calculation are compared with those calculated from canonical variational transition state theory at the G3(MP2)B3 and CCSD(T)/Aug-cc-pVTZ levels. The energy partitioning in reactive collisions for the formation of main products (OH + SH and H + HSO) and in non-reactive collisions for the reactants is investigated. At 52.5 kJ mol−1 initial collision energy about 42% and 49% of the total available energy goes into the translational energy and internal motions of H + HSO products, respectively, while for SH + OH products these quantities were found to be about 25% and 40% of the total available energy. The rest of the available energy is allocated in the rotational degrees.
2-Aminoethanesulfonic Acid Immobilized on Epichlorohydrin Functionalized Fe3O4@WO3 (Fe3O4@WO3-EAE-SO3H): A Novel Magnetically Recyclable Heterogeneous Nanocatalyst for the Green One-Pot Synthesis of 1-Substituted-1H-1,2,3,4-Tetrazoles in Water
Authors: Ghasemzadeh Maryam Sadat , Akhlaghinia Batool
Published: July 2017

In this research 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid immobilized on epichlorohydrin functionalized Fe3O4@WO3 (Fe3O4@WO3-EAE-SO3H) has been introduced as a novel and efficient magnetic nanocatalyst for appropriate and rapid synthesis of 1-substituted-1H-1,2,3,4-tetrazoles. This new nanocatalyst was then characterized using FT-IR, XRD, TEM, EDS, TGA, FE-SEM, CHNS and VSM techniques. The above experimental results allowed determination of the composition of Fe3O4@WO3-EAE-SO3H and clearly revealed that the nanoparticles are spherical in shape with particle size in the range of 7–23 nm and superparamagnetic behavior. Fe3O4@WO3-EAE-SO3H as an excellent replacement for Brønsted acids was shown to be highly efficient in the rapid preparation of 1-substituted-1H-1,2,3,4-tetrazoles through the cyclization reaction of various primary amines, triethyl orthoformate and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium azide ([bmim][N3]). Compared with conventional methods, the present protocol has considerable advantages such as short reaction time, mild reaction conditions, easy work-up, pure products with high yields, catalyst recovery using an external magnet and reuse of the catalyst several times without noticeable deterioration in catalytic activity. In addition to the aforementioned favourable properties, the remarkable feature of the present protocol is the use of water as environmentally benign solvent, which eliminates the use of toxic solvent.
Benefits of mobile digital devices in early learning
Authors: Moffett Pamela , Gray C , Dunn J , Mitchell D
Published: July 2017

This article discusses the key findings from a pilot project, which investigated the implementation of iPads in five primary schools, and associated feeder nursery/pre-schools, in Belfast, Northern Ireland.
Relationship-based early childhood interventions
Authors: Blackburn Carolyn , Lentz Alison , Askey Kari , Costello Eunice , Thorne Anne
Published: July 2017

Effective cross-sector working through the development of an ‘Integrated Early Intervention Model for Children with Speech Language and Communication Needs/Autistic Spectrum Condition’ in PVI settings.
Exploring how a childminder delivers foundation stage provision
Authors: Kiely Teresa , Kiely Hayley
Published: July 2017

This article uses a case study approach to explore how the Early Years Foundation Stage is delivered in the home of a childminder. It identifies several key areas of interest that are relevant to this form of early education.
Specialist palliative care nursing and the philosophy of palliative care: a critical discussion
Authors: Robinson Jackie , Gott Merryn , Gardiner Clare , Ingleton Christine
Published: July 2017

Nursing is the largest regulated health professional workforce providing palliative care across a range of clinical settings. Historically, palliative care nursing has been informed by a strong philosophy of care which is soundly articulated in palliative care policy, research and practice. Indeed, palliative care is now considered to be an integral component of nursing practice regardless of the specialty or clinical setting. However, there has been a change in the way palliative care is provided. Upstreaming and mainstreaming of palliative care and the dominance of a biomedical model with increasing medicalisation and specialisation are key factors in the evolution of contemporary palliative care and are likely to impact on nursing practice. Using a critical reflection of the authors own experiences and supported by literature and theory from seminal texts and contemporary academic, policy and clinical literature, this discussion paper will explore the influence of philosophy on nursing knowledge and theory in the context of an evolving model of palliative care.
Research roundup
Authors: Costello John
Published: July 2017

Synopses of a selection of recently published research articles of relevance to palliative care.
Music technology, education and maps: The use of geospatial technology and data to inform music education research
Authors: Purves Ross M.
Published: July 2017

Recent developments in geographical information systems and geospatial statistics, together with greater access to large, fine-resolution ‘geocoded’ data sets, are transforming environmental, social and economic research. Over the past decade, there has been a small, but growing application of these techniques within the fields of music making, music education and music research. This article begins by offering a brief overview of some of the developments as a whole. It goes on to offer a detailed treatment of a series of geospatial statistical techniques which, it is hoped, may be applicable within a wide range of music and music education research fields. These techniques are illustrated through references to a deviant idiographic case study dealing with instrumental tuition provided by one English local government area (local authority) between 2003 and 2010. The case study draws on analyses of detailed anonymized participant records (n = 6063) using, amongst other techniques, location quotients, tests for spatial autocorrelation and distinct distributions and ‘global’ and ‘local’ regression models. The article will demonstrate how these techniques can be applied using open-source software and freely available census, government and cartographic data.
Technical exercise practice: Can piano students be motivated through gamification?
Authors: Birch Heather J. S. , Woodruff Earl
Published: July 2017

Gamification is a process whereby game design and game mechanics are applied in non-game contexts to influence behaviour. This research study explores the effects of gamification on young piano students’ practice of technical elements such as scales, chords and arpeggios in the context of independent practice between private lessons. A control and a treatment group of ten piano students each were formed across two different private piano studios. A game-like environment was introduced for the treatment group, in which the players experienced game elements such as avatars and rewards, including points, badges and level achievements. Gamification was found to have a positive effect on the number of technical elements students mastered and a modest effect on their attitude towards practicing technical elements. The educational implications for these findings are discussed.
Assessing the suitability of Kinect for measuring the impact of a week-long Feldenkrais method workshop on pianists’ posture and movement
Authors: Beacon Jillian F. , Comeau Gilles , Payeur Pierre , Russell Donald
Published: July 2017

The Microsoft Kinect depth sensor could offer a convenient, markerless solution for quantifying the head and torso movements of pianists to examine the impact of somatic training on playing postures and movement. To assess the suitability of the Kinect for this application, we tracked four professional piano teachers performing scales immediately before and after a week-long workshop involving daily Feldenkrais Awareness through Movement (ATM) lessons. We compared Kinect skeletal tracking data with 2D reference data obtained simultaneously using Dartfish video analysis software. Analysis revealed frequent tracking errors in the Kinect data compared to reference data from Dartfish. Differences in pre- and post-test measurements of forward head position, head height, C7 vertebra height and shoulder displacement did not correspond between Dartfish and Kinect. Our results suggest that one Kinect sensor does not provide enough accuracy to track torso movements of pianists for the purposes of ergonomic assessment in response to somatic training.
A new medium for remote music tuition
Authors: Duffy Sam , Healey Patrick
Published: July 2017

It is common to learn to play an orchestral musical instrument through regular one-to-one lessons with an experienced musician as a tutor. Students may work with the same tutor for many years, meeting regularly to receive real-time, iterative feedback on their performance. However, musicians travel regularly to audition, teach and perform and this can sometimes make it difficult to maintain regular contact. In addition, an experienced tutor for a specific instrument or musical style may not be available locally. General instrumental tuition may not be available at all in geographically distributed communities. One solution is to use technology such as videoconference to facilitate a remote lesson; however, this fundamentally changes the teaching interaction. For example, as a result of the change in communication medium, the availability of non-verbal cues and perception of relative spatiality is reduced. We describe a study using video-ethnography, qualitative video analysis and conversation analysis to make a fine-grained examination of student–tutor interaction during five co-present and one video-mediated woodwind lesson. Our findings are used to propose an alternative technological solution – an interactive digital score. Rather than the face-to-face configuration enforced by videoconference, interacting through a shared digital score, augmented by visual representation of the social cues found to be commonly used in co-present lessons, will better support naturalistic student–tutor interaction during the remote lesson experience. Our findings may also be applicable to other fields where knowledge and practice of a physical skill sometimes need to be taught remotely, such as surgery or dentistry.
Ubiquitous music research: Everyday musical phenomena and their multidisciplinary implications for creativity and education
Authors: De Lima Maria Helena , Keller Damián , Flores Luciano Vargas , Ferreira Edemilson
Published: July 2017

This article presents contributions from the emerging and multidisciplinary research field of Ubiquitous Music (Ubimus) for creative studies and educational practices. Ubimus research focuses on music making in everyday settings, employing creativity-centred design strategies to support creative experiences within artistic and educational endeavours. We report two studies which address the challenges in the design of a creativity support metaphor – time tagging – and that target the application of ecologically grounded creative strategies within formal educational processes as a way to increase social interactions among musicians and laypeople in everyday settings. The first one constitutes a longitudinal planning study featuring group collaborations within the context of educational research activities done by teenagers in a public high school. The second study features several improvisatory sessions by casual participants and musicians at a non-standard venue. We discuss qualitative and quantitative assessments conducted with the teenage students of the first study and with the adult-volunteers of the second study.
Musicalizatech: A collaborative music production project for secondary and high-school students
Authors: Cuadrado Francisco , Lopez-Cobo Isabel , Valverde Beatriz , Varona David
Published: July 2017

Musicalizatech was a project that promoted music creation and production among students of Secondary and High Schools, fostering at the same time creativity, the use of technology, and collaborative and informal learning. A total of 46 participants from Secondary Education and High Schools in Seville and Cordoba, grouped in fifteen pre-formed bands, joined the project. This study used mixed methods; the main instruments were individual questionnaires and a focus group. The study also included the analysis of the different versions of the songs and their evolution, the participants’ individual contributions to an online private diary and their interactions within a customized designed online platform. Results showed a clear impact on participants in different areas: development of social and emotional skills, ability to problem solving and work in teams, development of technological skills and clear improvements in the process of musical creation.
La incidencia del liderazgo y el clima escolar en la satisfacción laboral de los docentes en América Latina
Authors: Martínez-Garrido Cynthia
Published: July 2017

La investigación sobre Eficacia Educativa ha identificado la Satisfacción laboral de los docentes como un elemento fundamental para que se desarrolle una enseñanza eficaz. Sin embargo, frente a la cantidad de estudios que analizan el efecto de la satisfacción laboral de los docentes en el rendimiento de los estudiantes, son menos las investigaciones que permiten conocer y comprender cómo se desarrolla la satisfacción de los docentes y de qué depende.  El objetivo de esta investigación es conocer la relación entre la satisfacción laboral del docente, la dirección escolar y el clima. Para dar respuesta a este objetivo se realiza un análisis multinivel de la información aportada por los docentes de 5.733 escuelas de 15 países latinoamericanos que participan en el Tercer Estudio Regional Comparativo y Explicativo (TERCE) de la UNESCO.  Nuestros resultados señalan que el ambiente laboral, el clima de aula, el apoyo de la dirección a los maestros son las variables que más impactan sobre el grado de satisfacción laboral de los docentes en Latinoamérica.
Concepciones sobre calidad educativa en el profesorado del Sistema de Educación Media Superior de la Universidad de Guadalajara
Authors: Olaskoaga-Larrauri Jon , Mendoza-Sepúlveda Carlos , Marúm-Espinosa Elia
Published: July 2017

Este artículo describe las preferencias de los docentes que trabajan en la Escuela Preparatoria 9 del Sistema de Educación Media Superior de la Universidad de Guadalajara con respecto a las diferentes formas de definir la calidad educativa, y establece una relación entre la adhesión de los docentes a los conceptos de calidad y la actitud con la que han recibido algunas características centrales de la Reforma Integral de la Educación Media Superior (RIEMS). Se emplean para ello regresiones lineales múltiples que incluyen variables dummy entre los regresores y procedimientos step-wise en la especificación de los modelos. Las conclusiones apuntan a que la adhesión de los docentes a determinados conceptos de calidad influye favorablemente en las actitudes de los docentes ante la aplicación de la RIEMS y, por tanto, facilita la implementación de la reforma.
Resilienz ‐ Analysetool sozialer Transformationen?
Authors: Böschen Stefan , Vogt Markus , Binder Claudia R. , Rathgeber Andreas
Published: July 2017

Nachdem der Resilienzbegriff eine enorme Konjunktur erfahren hat, stellt sich die Frage nach seiner analytischen Qualität und Relevanz. Die These dieses Sonderhefts besteht darin, dass Resilienz das Potenzial zu einem interdisziplinären Analysetool sozialer Transformationen
aufweist. Dazu muss sie jedoch einer systematischen Kontextualisierung unterzogen und hinsichtlich ihrer normativen Implikationen reflektiert werden.
Der Resilienzdiskurs: Eine Foucault’sche Diskursanalyse
Authors: Meyen Michael , Karidi Maria , Hartmann Silja , Weiß Matthias , Högl Martin
Published: July 2017

Wie hat es ein Konzept aus der Ökologie geschafft, die Grenzen zwischen den akademischen Disziplinen und zwischen Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft zu überwinden und zugleich zu einem buzzword mit dem Potenzial zu werden, das Konzept Nachhaltigkeit abzulösen sowie
Natur- und Gesellschaftsforscher(innen) zusammenzubringen? Der Beitrag zeigt, dass die Wissenschaft insgesamt vom Resilienzdiskurs profitiert und dass dieser Diskurs Entscheidungsträger(inne)n in Wirtschaft und Politik hilft, die Verantwortung für ein resilientes Verhalten auf das
Individuum zu verlagern.Using Foucault’s toolbox for discourse analysis and key texts from both academic research and the general media, this study asks what has led the term “resilience” to become popular so far beyond its original context. To answer this question, the
article first examines definitions from ecology, psychology, geography, and other scientifically oriented disciplines and their implications. The study then proceeds to show how the term is used in management research, corporate communications and mass media. The results are twofold: on the
one hand, science as a whole benefits from the resilience perspective since research is required for the threats, strengths, and weaknesses of social systems to be known. On the other hand, resilience fits in with the discourse of individualism and personal responsibility driven by political
and economic players. This is made possible because the differentiations of academic discourse disappear within the arena of the general public.
Responsible resilience: Rekonstruktion der Normativität von Resilienz auf Basis einer responsiven Ethik
Authors: Schneider Martin , Vogt Markus
Published: July 2017

Resilienz aus Sicht einer responsiven Ethik: Das bedeutet nicht nur, auf Herausforderungen zu reagieren, sondern vielmehr, sich von ihnen betreffen zu lassen und auf sie zu antworten. Durch diese Öffnung auf Andere und Anderes hin lassen wir uns in die Pflicht nehmen. Im Antwortgeben
selbst liegt die normative Dimension einer Responsible resilience begründet.Within many practical, professional and political fields, resilience has become a normative, barely questioned orientation principle, yet it has not been the subject of explicit reflection. The following
considerations aim to contribute to closing this gap without assuming a dichotomy between the functional and the normative levels. Resilience is understood as a process whose focus is the response to upheaval and problems. The ability to respond, then, is the starting point from which the
normative aspects of resilience can be more clearly brought out and connected to conceptual differences (simple and reflective resilience; specific and general resilience) within resilience discourse. This is grounded in Bernhard Waldenfels’ idea of responsive ethics. Our concept seeks
to provide greater understanding of the term “responsible resilience” and bring up the normativity of resilience in a reflective, non-dichotomous way.
From Math to Metaphors and Back Again: Social-Ecological Resilience from a Multi-Agent-Environment Perspective
Authors: Donges Jonathan F. , Barfuss Wolfram
Published: July 2017

Science and policy stand to benefit from reconnecting the many notions of social-ecological resilience to their roots in complexity sciences.We propose several ways of moving towards operationalization through the classification of modern concepts of resilience based on a multi-agent-environment
perspective.Social-ecological resilience underlies popular sustainability concepts that have been influential in formulating the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), such as the Planetary Boundaries and Doughnut Economics. Scientific investigation of
these concepts is supported by mathematical models of planetary biophysical and societal dynamics, both of which call for operational measures of resilience. However, current quantitative descriptions tend to be restricted to the foundational form of the concept: persistence resilience. We
propose a classification of modern notions of social-ecological resilience from a multi-agent-environment perspective. This aims at operationalization in a complex systems framework, including the persistence, adaptation and transformation aspects of resilience, normativity related to desirable
system function, first- vs. second-order and specific vs. general resilience. For example, we discuss the use of the Topology of Sustainable Management Framework. Developing the mathematics of resilience along these lines would not only make social-ecological resilience more applicable
to data and models, but could also conceptually advance resilience thinking.
Conceptualizing Resilience in Transformation Processes: Working with Context Resilience and Specifying Interrelated Systems in Bavaria’s Forest and Wood Use Systems
Authors: Bobar Amra , Winder Gordon M.
Published: July 2017

Abstract For a transition process linking previously unrelated systems thinking to be effective, it must mobilize diverse actors in support of transition pathways. In such circumstances, context resilience is a vital concept and an actor-oriented political ecology approach
recommended.This paper explores how “resilience” can be conceptualized in transformation processes. We focus on the German Advisory Council on Global Change’s (WBGU) call for a Great Societal Transformation and on two of the recommended measures, namely substitution and
cascade use of wood. In the context of Bavaria’s forest industries, policies to promote cascade use and substitution interact with a complex web of actors, structures, practices, and expectations, best conceived of as two partially interrelated systems of forests and wood use. In these
interrelated systems, we recommend use of an actor-oriented political ecology approach that will reveal the politics at work around narratives of resilience. Transformation processes are embedded in specific social, economic, political, ecological and spatial contexts, where resilience can
have several meanings. We argue that the concept “context resilience” is needed when researching interrelated systems.
“It’s an Endurance Race”: An Indicator-Based Resilience Analysis of the Energy Transition in the Allgäu Region, Bavaria
Authors: Mühlemeier Susan , Binder Claudia R. , Wyss Romano
Published: July 2017

Abstract The Allgäu region in the state of Bavaria is one of the pioneering regions in the energy transition in Germany. To analyse the resilience of the transition process itself, we developed an indicator set for diversity and connectivity, two key elements to characterise
the resilience of a system in transition.The energy transition currently taking place in Germany is recognised as being one of the most ambitious socio-technical transitions at the present time. Scholars have so far mostly studied the resilience of the current or future state of the energy
system. They have neglected to analyse the resilience of the transition process itself. We present an interdisciplinary way of analysing the resilience of the energy transition operationalised as a socio-technical transition, using an indicator set for diversity and connectivity. For the case
of the Allgäu region in the state of Bavaria, we measured these indicators in a semi-quantitative way, and found that the diversity indicators point to a resilient transition process. The connectivity indicators, however, show that the region is in a state such that the transition could
stagnate. For the future of this transition process, connectivity should thus be increased, for example, by involving the tourism sector in the actor network. Our research confirms the need for an interdisciplinary analysis of the resilience of an energy transition.
Wie resilient sind Märkte? Eine kontextualisierte Analyse von Rohstoff- und Strommärkten
Authors: Gleich Benedikt , Gutwald Rebecca
Published: July 2017

Abstract Märkte erweisen sich oft als erstaunlich resilient, selbst gegenüber Finanz- und Rohstoffkrisen. Oft geht diese Resilienz auf Kosten von Umwelt und Gesellschaft. Eine kontextualisierte Resilienzanalyse, die Märkte wie auch ihr Umfeld betrachtet, kann
zu einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung beitragen.There is almost no subsystem of society that influences our lives as strongly as markets do. Markets account for wealth and poverty, progress ‐ and the destruction of ecosystems. Markets have the capacity to make very valuable contributions
to the common welfare, but only if their potential is channeled using their specific principles and mechanisms. To gain a comprehensive perspective, we introduce the concepts of first- and second-order resilience (Eigenresilienz and Kontextresilienz), asking whether and how the
resilience of markets on their own (first-order resilience) influences the resilience of societies and our environment as a whole (second-order resilience). We further examine how these two concepts relate to normative resilience, assuming that all three aspects need to be in balance. Presenting
two empirical examples ‐ the global commodity markets and the German energy market, we reveal the challenges that typically arise when designing and regulating markets that, if they are resilient in both senses, can help to promote sustainable development.
Resilienzkonstruktionen: Divergenz und Konvergenz von Theoriemodellen - Eine konzeptionell-empirische Analyse
Authors: Böschen Stefan , Binder Claudia R. , Rathgeber Andreas
Published: July 2017

Der Resilienzbegriff findet vielfältige Anwendung in der (inter-)disziplinären Forschung. Ein systematisches und empirisch gestütztes Verständnis unterschiedlicher Konzeptualisierungen von Resilienz trägt dazu bei, die Nutzbarkeit des Begriffs in der transdisziplinären
Forschung zu verbessern.The concept of resilience has been applied within a wide spectrum of disciplines and has become increasingly relevant for interdisciplinary research. The interdisciplinary use of the concept could be linked to the fact that the conceptualization of resilience is
not so much related to a discipline, but rather to the concrete ways of posing a research question. Against this background, the article builds on both conceptual and empirical arguments. At the same time, it explores a collaborative interdisciplinary research network of 13 projects with regard
to the used theoretical models, applying a quantitative empirical investigation. The results show that the projects of this network differ when it comes to the theoretical models used. Four different theoretical models could be identified regarding basic concept (structural vs. process-oriented)
and context relation (open vs. closed). Moreover, the construction of the theoretical model is strongly related to the specific ways of posing a research question while remaining rooted in a specific discipline.
The Euler equation around the world
Authors: Stracca Livio
Published: July 2017

This paper discusses the empirical challenges associated with the estimation of the New Keynesian IS curve and provides an estimate of the forward looking IS curve by pooling macro data from 31 countries, delivering over 4000 observations on which to test the specification. The main finding of the paper is that it is possible to recover the theory-consistent IS curve from macro data when the sample size is large enough and the intrument is valid and strong. I also test the validity of the instruments by comparing estimates in countries which have or do not have an independent monetary policy reaction function. Another relevant finding is that the slope of the IS curve appears to have steepened over time since the 1990s, probably reflecting financial liberalisation.
Pass-through of imported input prices to domestic producer prices: evidence from sector-level data
Authors: Ahn JaeBin , Park Chang-Gui , Park Chanho
Published: July 2017

Motivated by stylized facts pointing to a dominant role of imported inputs in transmitting external price shocks to domestic prices, this paper zooms in to study the pass-through of imported input costs to domestic producer prices. Our approach constructs effective input price indices from sector-level price data combined with sector-level information on input-output linkages. Applying an error correction model specification to sector-level output and input prices, the long-run pass-through rate of effective imported input costs to domestic producer prices is estimated to be around 70 percent in Korea and almost 100 percent in selected European countries.
Democracy and income: taking parameter heterogeneity and cross-country dependency into account
Authors: Sequeira Tiago Neves
Published: July 2017

This paper investigates the relationship between income and democracy using common correlated effects (CCE) extended estimators which take into account the fact that democracy variables are highly correlated across countries and the possibility of heterogeneous effects of income on democracy in different countries. Using a wider database than ever, covering annual data from 1804 to 2010 for almost all countries, we show that overall, the effect of income on democracy is significantly negative when the time-series features of the data are taken into account, a result that comes from the low-income countries. This calls back into question the controversy about the empirical effect of income on democracy.
Has the forecasting performance of the Federal Reserve’s Greenbooks changed over time?
Authors: Ekşi Ozan , Orman Cüneyt , Taş Bedri Kamil Onur
Published: July 2017

We investigate how the forecasting performance of the Federal Reserve Greenbooks has changed relative to commercial forecasters between 1974 and 2009. To this end, we analyze time-variation in the Greenbook coefficients in forecast encompassing regressions. Assuming that model coefficients change continuously, we estimate unobserved components models using Bayesian inference techniques. To verify that our results do not depend on the specific way change is modeled, we also allow the coefficients to change discretely rather than continuously and test for structural breaks using classical inference techniques. We find that the Greenbook forecasts have been consistently superior to the commercial forecasts at all horizons throughout our sample period. Although the forecasting performance gap has narrowed at more distant horizons after the early-to-mid 1980s, it remains significant.
Capensia fucorum (Esper) gen. et comb. nov. (Mesophyllaceae, Corallinales, Rhodophyta), a hemiparasite on Gelidium from South Africa
Authors: Athanasiadis Athanasios
Published: July 2017

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Effect of organoclay on structure, morphology, thermal behavior and coating performance of Jatropha oil based polyesteramide
Authors: Alam Manawwer , Sharmin Eram , Alandis Naser M. , Ahmad Naushad
Published: July 2017

Jatropha oil (JO) is an inedible oil mainly used in biodiesel. We have attempted to prepare a JO-based polyesteramide/clay composite using a one-pot, two-step reaction, for application as a protective coating. The aim of the work is to utilize JO for its value-added application by preparing a JO polyesteramide/clay composite, to investigate the potential of the prepared composite as a protective coating, and also to study the effect of loaded clay on the structure, morphology, thermal stability and coating properties of the composite. The formation of composites was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) studies. The coating properties were studied by standard physico-mechanical and corrosion resistance tests in corrosive media (3.5 wt% HCl, 3.5 wt% NaCl and tap water). The thermal stability was assessed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric (TGA) and derivative thermogravimetric (DTG) analyses. The coatings showed good physico-mechanical and corrosion resistance performance and can be safely used up to 275°C. The approach paves way towards an alternate value addition to a non-edible oil.
Out of Step and Out of Touch: The Matter with Kansas in the 2014 Midterm Election
Authors: McKee Seth C. , Ostrander Ian , Hood M. V.
Published: July 2017

In recent years the politics of Kansas, with its strong historic ties to the Republican Party, have taken a hard right turn. This political environment mirrors many other states in which one political party effectively dominates the policymaking process. But while political dominance may aid incumbency it can also contribute to the kinds of political excess that tend to promote electoral backlashes. In this paper, we use a survey of likely Kansas voters during the 2014 midterm elections to examine opinions and voting preferences related to two state-wide races in which incumbent overreach played a prominent role. In particular, we examine the reelection campaigns of Governor Brownback, as his remarkably austere and highly unpopular budget left him ideologically out of step with most voters, and Senator Roberts, as his lack of residence in the state after years of serving in the Senate left him out of touch with a disgruntled electorate. Although both Republicans survived reelection, their actions ensured an unusually competitive midterm in an otherwise deep red state.
Microstructure and Properties of Si3N4 Ceramics and 304 Stainless Steel Brazed Joint with Cu/Ag-Cu/Ti Laminated Filler Metal
Authors: Xu X. P. , Liu Q. M. , Xia C. Z. , Zou J. S.
Published: July 2017

Si3N4 ceramics and 304 stainless steel were joined by the Cu/Ag-Cu/Ti laminated filler metal. Interfacial microstructure of brazed joint and effect of brazing temperature and thickness of Cu foil on mechanical properties were studied in this paper. Research results showed that the interfacial microstructure of the brazed joint might be 304 stainless steel/TiFe2/Ag-Cu eutectic+Cu(s,s)/Cu(s,s)/Cu(s,s)+Ag-Cu eutectic/Cu3Ti+TiN/Si3N4 ceramics. With the increasing of the brazing temperature, four-point bending strength of the brazed joint initially increased, then decreased. The bending strength reached the maximum value of 53 MPa at 1153 K when the thickness of Cu foil was 500 μm. The bending strength reached the maximum value of 57 MPa with 1 mm thickness Cu interlayer under the brazing temperature of 1153 K.
Study of the High-temperature Synthesis of MgAl2O4 Spinel Refractory Raw Materials from Chromium Slag
Authors: Meng Jinxia , Chen Weiqing , Zhao Jizeng , Liu Li
Published: July 2017

To make use of chromium slag waste, this study examined the technology of the preparation of MgAl2O4 spinel refractory raw material by using chromium slag. The results showed that (1) using the traditional sintering process of synthetic spinel, the highest volume density was 3.14 g/cm3 and the lowest porosity rate was 9.16 %. With the increase of the proportion of MgO powder mixing, bulk density and porosity fluctuations, and which cannot meet the requirements of refractory raw materials. (2) For MgAl2O4 spinel prepared by the electric-melting process, the highest volume density was 3.27 g/cm3 and the lowest porosity rate was 8.78 %. Volume density and the porosity remained stable, and they are affected by MgO powder thus the blending ratio is very small, which can satisfy the requirements of refractory raw materials. (3) MgAl2O4 spinel prepared by the electric-melting method is superior to traditional MgAl2O4 spinel in terms of slag resistance and thermal shock resistance.
Monolithic optoelectronic integrated broadband optical receiver with graphene photodetectors
Authors: Cheng Chuantong , Huang Beiju , Mao Xurui , Zhang Zanyun , Zhang Zan , Geng Zhaoxin , Xue Ping , Chen Hongda
Published: July 2017

Optical receivers with potentially high operation bandwidth and low cost have received considerable interest due to rapidly growing data traffic and potential Tb/s optical interconnect requirements. Experimental realization of 65 GHz optical signal detection and 262 GHz intrinsic operation speed reveals the significance role of graphene photodetectors (PDs) in optical interconnect domains. In this work, a novel complementary metal oxide semiconductor post-backend process has been developed for integrating graphene PDs onto silicon integrated circuit chips. A prototype monolithic optoelectronic integrated optical receiver has been successfully demonstrated for the first time. Moreover, this is a firstly reported broadband optical receiver benefiting from natural broadband light absorption features of graphene material. This work is a perfect exhibition of the concept of monolithic optoelectronic integration and will pave way to monolithically integrated graphene optoelectronic devices with silicon ICs for three-dimensional optoelectronic integrated circuit chips.