bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maternal ve Fetal Sağlık İçin Büyük Tehlike: Maternal Obezite
Authors: DEMİRER Büşra , YARDIMCI Hülya
Published: September 2020

Maternal obezite, dünya çapında prevalansı gittikçe artan patolojik bir durumdur. Maternal, fetal-neonatal sağlığı olumsuz etkilemektedir. Gestasyonel diyabet, hipertansiyon, preeklampsi, düşük riski, enfeksiyonlar en sık karşılaşılan maternal komplikasyonlar iken, preterm doğum, makrozomi, konjenital anomaliler, fetal ve neonatal mortalite en sık karşılaşılan fetal komplikasyonlardandır. Maternal obezite ayrıca erken çocukluk dönemi sorunlarına ve uzun süreli sağlık problemlerine de yol açabilmektedir. Maternal obezitenin neden olduğu komplikasyonlar göz önüne alındığında, tedavi yöntemlerinin geliştirilmesinin önemi ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu konuda öncelikle gebelik öncesi kadının normal ağırlığına getirilip gebe kalması oldukça önemlidir. Prekonsepsiyonel dönemde kadınlara obezitenin olası sonuçları hakkında bilgilendirme yapılmalıdır. İlk prenatal muayeneden itibaren düzenli ağırlık izlemi yapılmalıdır. Uluslararası otoriteler tarafından belirlenmiş ağırlık kazanım miktarlarına dikkat edilmelidir. Sağlıklı bir gebelik süreci için gerekli taramaların yapılması sağlanmalıdır. İlk muayeneden itibaren bireysel olarak hazırlanmış beslenme ve fiziksel aktivite programlarına uyulmalıdır. Bu derleme çalışmasında günümüzde prevalansı oldukça yüksek olan maternal obezitenin olası maternal ve fetal komplikasyonlarının, emzirme dönemine etkilerinin güncel bilgiler eşliğinde paylaşılması amaçlanmıştır.
Üremik Pruritus ve Hemşirelik Yönetimi
Authors: KAZAK Aysun , OZKARAMAN Ayse
Published: September 2020

Üremik pruritus, başka bir nedene bağlı olmadan son dönem böbrek yetmezliğinde görülen kaşıntıdır. Sıklıkla diyaliz öncesi sırt, karın, baş ve kollarda görülen, yaşamı tehdit etmeyen, ciltte kaşınma, çizme isteği yaratan hoşa gitmeyen bir duygu olmasına karşın bireyin yaşam kalitesini düşüren bir semptomdur. Bu özellikleriyle hastayı biyopsikososyal yönden olumsuz etkileyen ve kontrol altına alınması gereken bir durumdur. Üremik pruritusa yönelik yapılan tedaviler semptomatiktir ve hemşirelik yönetiminde hastanın izlemi, hasta ve hasta yakınlarının eğitimi, cilt ve tırnakların bakımı, dikkati başka yöne çekme teknikleri, aromaterapi, akupunktur-akupressör, masaj ve müzik gibi bütünleşik uygulamalara yer verilmektedir.

Bu derleme üremik pruritusu olan hastanın hemşirelik yönetimi ve bu yönetim sürecinde yer alabilecek bütünleşik yaklaşımlar hakkında hemşirelere rehberlik sağlamak amacıyla hazırlanmıştır.
Endovascular therapy of peripheral arterial disease involving iliac artery and distal lower extremity arteries
Authors: SURER Suleyman , BEŞİR Yüksel , RODOPLU Orhan , TETİK Ömer
Published: September 2020

Objective: Methods of endovascular therapy have been increasingly used in addition to conventional surgical approaches in the treatment of peripheral arterial diseases. This study aims to evaluate to the endovascular treatment methods that we use in patients with peripheral arterial disease.

Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed twenty-four of patients were treated with endovascular method. Nineteen of the patients had intermittent claudication, 4 had rest pain and one patient with bilateral popliteal artery aneurysms had pain at the back of bilateral knee joints. Twenty patients were male and 4 were female. The mean age was was 55,26± 10,95( 38-81) years. Evaluations included clinical assesment according to Fontaine stages. Doppler examinations with ankle-brachial index (ABI) and bilateral lower extremity arteriograms. Ten of the patients who underwent endovascular therapy had a lesion in TASCII-A group, 5 had a TASCII-B lesion, and TASCII-C lesions were present in 9 patients. All patients were followed prospectively with arterial duplex scan.

Results: Bioabsorbable stent was implanted in 11 patients. Balloon angioplasty was performed in 3 patients. A self-expandable nitinol stent was deployed in 3 patients. Subintimal balloon angioplasty was performed in 6 patients. An aneurysm repair was performed with stent graft in 1 patient who had bilateral popliteal and right anterior tibial artery aneurysms. Initial technical and hemodynamic success was achieved in 100% of cases. Preoperative 0,67±0,13 (0,4-0,95) and after one year later 0,94±0,07 (0,8-1) analysis for ABI revealed statistically significant (p
Comparison of Biological and Nanofiltration methods to reduce the BOD5 of industrial wastewater for the reuse and access to sustainable water resources in urban areas, A case study of Najaf Abad in Iran
Authors: Kohansal Mohammad Mahdi , Saadati Sara , Eslamian Saeid
Published: September 2020

The rapid increase of human population accompanied by industrial growth and rising standards of living has resulted in heavy demand for water across all sectors. So, treated wastewater could be an unlimited and stable alternative for water supply to use in irrigation and industry and plays an important role to achieve sustainable urban development. Nowadays, finding an appropriate wastewater treatment & reuse method is one of the important issues which many research has been conducted in this field. The aim of this study was to compare the treated wastewater (industrial) by biological method compared to the nanofiltration method and determine more suitable method for industrial wastewater treatment. Thus, BOD5 of industrial wastewater was used for this purpose and the appropriate method was chosen by calculating the percentage and percentage of this parameter as well as analyzing the significance of the difference between the results of the two methods used by SPSS software. The nanofilter used in the study was made from carbon-neon and the pressure of its desired performance has been 10 times and the diameter of the stomata is 50-80 nm. Also, all experiments were performed weekly for a period of 11 weeks in Najaf Abad wastewater treatment plant. The results showed that the mean BOD5 = 6.87 mg / L measured by nanofiltration method while the mean BOD5 is 9.91 mg / L by biological method. According to the results, the nanofiltration method is more effective than the biological method. Nanofiltration method is suggested to prove the superiority and other water quality parameters are also tested.
Orchestrated Flowering and Interspecific Facilitation: Key Factors in the Maintenance of the Main Pollinator of Coexisting Threatened Species of Andean Wax Palms (Ceroxylon spp.)
Authors: Carreño-Barrera Javier , Núñez-Avellaneda Luis Alberto , Sanín Maria José , Maia Artur Campos D.
Published: September 2020

Solitary, dioecious, and mostly endemic to Andean cloud forests, wax palms (Ceroxylon Bonpl. ex DC. spp.) are currently under worrisome conservation status. The establishment of management plans for their dwindling populations rely on detailed biological data, including their reproductive ecology. As in the case of numerous other Neotropical palm taxa, small beetles are assumed to be selective pollinators of wax palms, but their identity and relevance in successful fruit yield were unknown. During three consecutive reproductive seasons we collected data on population phenology and reproductive and floral biology of three syntopic species of wax palms native to the Colombian Andes. We also determined the composition of the associated flower-visiting entomofauna, quantifying the extent of the role of individual species as effective pollinators through standardized value indexes that take into consideration abundance, constancy, and pollen transport efficiency. The studied populations of C. parvifrons (Engel) H. Wendl., C. ventricosum Burret, and C. vogelianum (Engel) H. Wendl. exhibit seasonal reproductive cycles with marked temporal patterns of flower and fruit production. The composition of the associated flower-visiting entomofauna, comprised by ca. 50 morphotypes, was constant across flowering seasons and differed only marginally among species. Nonetheless, a fraction of the insect species associated with pistillate inflorescences actually carried pollen, and calculated pollinator importance indexes demonstrated that one insect species alone, Mystrops rotundula Sharp, accounted for 94%–99% of the effective pollination services for all three species of wax palms. The sequential asynchronous flowering of C. parvifrons, C. ventricosum, and C. vogelianum provides an abundant and constant supply of pollen, pivotal for the maintenance of large populations of their shared pollinators, a cooperative strategy proven effective by high fruit yield rates (up to 79%). Reproductive success might be compromised for all species by the population decline of one of them, as it would tamper with the temporal orchestration of pollen offer.
NGHIÊN CỨU KHẢ NĂNG SINH TRƯỞNG VÀ PHÁT TRIỂN CỦA CÁC GIỐNG NGÔ LAI MỚI VỤ XUÂN 2018 TẠI MỘT SỐ TỈNH MIỀN BẮC VÀ BẮC TRUNG BỘ
Authors: Kiên Trần Trung , Đàm Kiều Xuân , Thu Lê Thị
Published: September 2020

Trong vụ Xuân 2018 tại 4 tỉnh phía Bắc và Bắc Trung Bộ gồm Việt Trì – Phú Thọ, Vĩnh Tường – Vĩnh Phúc, Phù Yên – Sơn La; Yên Định – Thanh Hóa, nhóm nghiên cứu đã tiến hành đánh giá khả năng sinh trưởng, phát triển của một số giống ngô lai. Các thí nghiệm được bố trí theo kiểu khối ngẫu nhiên hoàn toàn với 3 lần nhắc lại. Mỗi giống ngô lai trồng 4 hàng trong một ô dài 5 m, khoảng cách giữa hai hàng là 70 cm, khoảng cách giữa hai cây là 25 cm. Mức phân bón được áp dụng chung cho các thí nghiệm là 150 kg N + 90 kg P2O5 + 80 kg K2O/ha. Kết quả cho thấy: Thời gian sinh trưởng của các giống ngô lai thí nghiệm ở Việt Trì – Phú Thọ biến động từ 122 - 127 ngày, ở Vĩnh Tường – Vĩnh Phúc biến động từ 117 - 120 ngày, ở Phù Yên – Sơn La biến động từ 113 - 116 ngày, ở Yên Định – Thanh Hóa biến động từ 97 - 105 ngày. Các giống ngô lai thí nghiệm đều thuộc nhóm có thời gian sinh trưởng trung ngày, phù hợp với điều kiện sinh thái và tập quán canh tác của người dân. Trong vụ Xuân tại 4 tỉnh nghiên cứu, bốn giống TM18-1; TA17-1; CNC352; VN117 có năng suất cao, khá ổn định và tương đối thích nghi. Ngoài ra, có bốn giống TM16-2; TM18-2; VN667, MRI9 cho năng suất cao, khá ổn định và tương đối thích nghi tại 3 tỉnh.
MỘT SỐ ĐẶC ĐIỂM BỆNH LÝ LÂM SÀNG Ở CHÓ BỊ NHIỄM VE VÀ BIỆN PHÁP PHÒNG, TRỊ TẠI QUẬN TÂY HỒ - THÀNH PHỐ HÀ NỘI
Authors: Ngân Nguyễn Thị , Thùy Phạm Diệu , Thắng Trần Nhật , Phương Lê Thị Thu
Published: September 2020

Để xác định một số đặc điểm bệnh lý lâm sàng ở chó bị nhiễm ve nuôi tại quận Tây Hồ - thành phố Hà Nội và áp dụng biện pháp phòng, trị ve có hiệu quả, chúng tôi đã khám và thu thập ve ký sinh trên cơ thể của 493 chó  nuôi tại 4 phường của quận Tây Hồ - thành phố Hà Nội, xác định các biểu hiện bệnh lý lâm sàng và sự thay đổi một số chỉ tiêu máu ở những chó nhiễm nhiều ve; sử dụng 3 loại thuốc: Bravecto, Fleadom, Hantox Spray để điều trị ve cho chó. Kết quả cho thấy, trong 493 chó có 169 chó nhiễm ve, chiếm tỷ lệ 34,28%; ở những chó nhiễm nhiều ve thường có thể trạng gầy yếu, niêm mạc nhợt nhạt, da bị tổn thương, một số vùng da nhiễm trùng hóa mủ; chó nhiễm nhiều ve có số lượng hồng cầu giảm, số lượng bạch cầu tăng, hàm lượng huyết sắc tố giảm, tỷ khối hồng cầu giảm. Hiệu lực điều trị triệt để ve cho chó của thuốc Bravecto đạt tỷ lệ cao nhất (97,56% - 100%); hiệu lực điều trị triệt để ve cho chó của vòng Fleadom cũng đạt khá cao (80,95% - 93,33%); hiệu lực điều trị triệt để ve cho chó của thuốc Hantox Spray đạt tỷ lệ thấp (39,02% - 53,33%).
GENOTYPING METHOD AND FREQUENCY OF SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM RS12970134 NEAR MC4R GENOTYPES IN VIETNAM PRESCHOOL CHIDREN POPULATION
Authors: Tuyết Lê Thị , Thu Nguyễn Thị Trung
Published: September 2020

Thụ thể Melanocortin-4 có liên quan đến bệnh béo phì, kháng insulin do đóng vai trò quan trọng trong việc điều hòa lượng thức ăn ăn vào, cân bằng nội môi và khối lượng cơ thể. Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này là xây dựng được phương pháp AS-PCR phân tích kiểu gen của đa hình nucleotide đơn rs12970134 gần thụ thể Melanocortin-4 và xác định tỉ lệ alen của đa hình nucleotide đơn này ở trẻ em 3-5 tuổi tại Hà Nội. Nghiên cứu đã thiết kế được các đoạn mồi để xác định alen của đa hình nucleotide đơn rs12970314 gồm mồi xuôi phát hiện alen G: 5'-tcttaccaaacaaagcatgtg-3', phát hiện alen A: 5'-tcttaccaaacaaagcatgta-3'; và mồi ngược: 5'-gtcattcccactaccacctg-3'. Chu trình nhiệt của phản ứng PCR được tối ưu hóa là: 94oC (3 phút) và 34 chu kỳ: biến tính ở 94oC (30 giây), gắn mồi ở 54oC (40 giây), kéo dài ở 72oC (30 giây), bước kéo dài cuối ở 72oC (8 phút), kết thúc ở 4oC. Sản phẩm PCR 208 bp được phát hiện trên gel agarose 2,5% nhuộm redsafe. Kiểu gen được kiểm tra bằng phương pháp giải trình tự gen. Trong toàn bộ mẫu, tỉ lệ kiểu gen GG là lớn nhất (57,5%) và AA là thấp nhất (4%). Tần số của các alen G và A lần lượt là 0,77 và 0,23.
THE FEASIBILITY OF IMPLEMENTING TEXT MESSAGING SYSTEM TO SUPPORT SMOKING CESSATION FOR SMOKERS IN HANOI
Authors: Huệ Đoàn Thị , Trang Nguyễn Thị , Shelley Donna , Giang Kim Bảo , Nam Nguyễn Trương
Published: September 2020

Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện nhằm đánh giá tính khả thi của việc triển khai hệ thống tin nhắn (SMS) hỗ trợ cai thuốc lá. Nghiên cứu thử nghiệm trên 40 người hút thuốc lá tại Hà Nội. Đối tượng nghiên cứu nhận tin nhắn điện thoại hỗ trợ cai thuốc lá trong 6 tuần. Thiết kế nghiên cứu can thiệp, so sánh trước và sau can thiệp. Đối tượng nghiên cứu được phỏng vấn trực tiếp bằng bộ câu hỏi gồm: sự phù hợp số lượng/nội dung SMS, tần suất/thời gian gửi tin, sử dụng tin nhắn nhận được, tương tác với chương trình, hài lòng với chương trình tin nhắn; thay đổi hành vi hút thuốc. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy: có 82,5% đối tượng nghiên cứu đọc/ sử dụng tin nhắn hàng ngày, 82,5% người tương tác với chương trình - SMS hai chiều, 90% người thấy tin nhắn hữu ích, 97,7% hài hòng. Đối tượng nghiên cứu nhận xét chương trình dễ sử dụng và 92,5% bạn bè người thân đều khuyến khích đối tượng tham gia sử dụng chương trình. Có 20% đối tượng nghiên cứu bỏ thuốc lá/thuốc lào hoàn toàn, 15% đối tượng nghiên cứu bỏ thuốc lá nhưng vẫn hút thuốc lào. Hành vi hút thuốc lá thay đổi tích cực so với khảo sát ban đầu. Có ý nghĩa thống kê bao gồm số lượng điếu thuốc lá/thuốc lào hút/ngày, tình trạng hút thuốc lá/thuốc lào (p<0,001). Tỷ lệ đối tượng nghiên cứu từng cố gắng cai thuốc lá/thuốc lào trong 4 tuần khá cao (trước can thiệp: 52,5%, sau can thiệp: 25%). Như vậy, việc áp dụng một chương trình SMS hỗ trợ can thiệp cai nghiện thuốc lá cho người Việt Nam là có tính khả thi.
CORRELATION BETWEEN ROOT DEVELOPMENT AND RICE GROWTH (KD18) UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT IRRIGATION REGIMES
Authors: Hà Đặng Hoàng
Published: September 2020

Nghiên cứu sự sinh trưởng và phát triển của cây lúa dưới tác động của các chế độ nước khác nhau được bố trí trong điều kiện nhà kính tại trường Đại học Nông Lâm – Đại học Thái Nguyên. Thí nghiệm được thực hiện trên giống lúa Khang dân 18 (KD18) với 5 công thức tưới nước khác nhau, trong đó có công thức ngập nước trong suốt quá trình canh tác (CT1); các công thức ướt khô xen kẽ 4 (CT2), 8 (CT3), 12 (CT4) và 16 ngày (CT5). Kết quả trên cho thấy chế độ tưới nước ảnh hưởng rõ rệt đến sinh trưởng của cây lúa như số nhánh, chiều cao cây, khối lượng thân, lá, rễ. Sự sinh trưởng của lúa tốt nhất ở chế độ nước ngập khô xen kẽ 4 ngày cao hơn các công thức ngập khô xen kẽ dài ngày từ 24,2 - 36,9%. Các yếu tố sinh trưởng như khối lượng thân lá có mối quan hệ chặt với các chỉ tiêu rễ ở giai đoạn đẻ nhánh, chín sáp và chín hoàn toàn. Các chỉ tiêu về rễ có mối tương quan thuận chặt với chỉ tiêu sinh trưởng thân, lá ở giai đoạn trỗ, chín sáp. Số lượng rễ càng nhiều, khối lượng rễ càng lớn thì khối lượng lá, khối lượng thân, khối lượng chất khô tổng số của cây lúa càng cao với độ tin cậy có ý nghĩa ở mức 95% trở lên (P < 0,05). Để cây lúa sinh trưởng phát triển tốt cần chăm sóc về chế độ nước cho bộ rễ phát triển tốt nhất đặc biệt ở các giai đoạn chính như đẻ nhánh, làm đòng, trỗ và chín sáp.
The Novosibirsk Reservoir Influence on the Ob River Water Levels during Spring Flood Periods (Kamen-na-Obi as a case study)
Authors:   A.T.  Zinoviev,  K.B.  Koshelev,  K.V.  Marusin
Published: September 2020

The article considers the issue of the Novosibirsk reservoir impact on the water levels in the Ob River in the area of Kamen-na-Obi during the spring flood period. We have carried out a computer model of the flow in the Ob River section from Kamen-na-Obi to the Novosibirsk hydro power plant dam site based on the two-dimensional unsteady hydrodynamic model (Saint-Venant equations). Variant calculations of water levels for various water discharges in the Ob River and different levels of the Novosibirsk Reservoir in the absence of congestion were performed for the site under consideration. It has been shown that even with forced levels of the Novosibirsk Reservoir, the water levels in the area of Kamen-na-Obi are mainly affected by the discharges of water in the Ob river.
Many-year Dynamics and Current Trends of the Pavlovsk Reservoir Area Water Chemical Composition Changes
Authors:   Airat R. Hafizov, Salavat А. Valitov, liliya A. Kamaletdinova,  Razilya А. Nizamova, Ilgiz Z. Gaisin
Published: September 2020

At present, changes have occurred in the basin and water area of the Pavlovsky reservoir, affecting the chemical composition of the reservoir water. The combination of many factors (series of low-water years, termination of milk alloy, increase of recreational load, change of the share of diffuse contamination, etc.) do not allow to predict the modern trend of transformation of chemical composition of water. Considering that no gydro/chemical studies of Pavlovsky reservoir have been carried out in recent decades, studies of modern processes of transformation of chemical composition of this reservoir are relevant. For this purpose BashNIIVKh in 2018-2019 carried out hydro/chemical studies of the reservoir, in two years water samples were taken from the surface and from the bottom, as well as bottom deposits. In 2018 samples were taken according to 30 chemical indicators on 10 struts, and in 2019 – according to 10 chemical indicators on 7 struts. Also, the results of previous studies have been analyzed. Due to the large volume of the obtained material, this work only considered the results of studies of multi-year dynamics and modern trend of change of chemical composition of water (concentration of chemicals) in the water area of the Pavlovsky reservoir for 10 chemical indicators of water on 7 branches. Concentrations of Sr, Mn, petroleum products are shown to decrease along the length of the reservoir in the water; Increasing - Zn, Hg, phenols of organic substances; evenly distributed – Fetotal, Ptotal, Cu. In the many-year dynamics, Fetotal, Mn, petroleum products, phenols (in the inlet), COD show a trend of decrease of chemical indicators in water; Upward trend – Ptotal, Cu, Zn, phenols (in the exit). It has been established that the average annual concentrations of chemical indicators in the water of the Pavlovsky reservoir are related to the average annual inflow. The chemical values of Fe and Mn have a direct link (when the inflow increases, the concentration of the chemical index increases), and Ptotal, Cu, Zn, phenols and COD have a feedback (when the inflow increases, the concentration of the chemical index decreases).
Environmental and Hydro/economic Assessment as a tool for Managing Water Use and Life Quality of Population in Rural Territories of Altai Kray
Authors:   E.S. Orlova, I.D. Rybkina
Published: September 2020

The article proposes the algorithm for the environmental and hydro/economic assessment of rural territories in Altai Kray based on combination of two groups of indicators, that is environmental and water/economic ones. The environmental block consists of indicators describing quantity and quality of the water resources used. Attention focuses on groundwater as the main source of water supply in rural areas. The water/economic block comprises the indicators describing the current state of water supply in rural settlements.Within the framework of environmental/water/economic estimation, we have solved two problems: 1) classification of rural regions of Altai Kray by indicators reflecting the state of the drinking water supply sector, 2) differentiation of water management problems in Altai Kray for developing a set of measures for their mitigation. We have defines four categories of environmental/water/economic estimation: conditionally satisfactory, stresses, critical states, and crisis. According the character and the degree of obviousness of the problems under investigation four clusters of the Altai Kray administrative regions have been identified. Each of them is characterized by the common features of water sector development.
Multifunctional Modified Carbon for Purification of Groundwater
Authors:   D.E. Propolsky, V.I. Romanovskiy
Published: September 2020

ncreased iron content in water has a detrimental effect on human health and leads to overgrowth of water supply networks, and an increased bacterial groundwater index causes microbial contamination of drinking water. In this regard, the urgent issue is the creation of modified multifunctional filtering materials. A modified material based on activated carbon coated with nanostructured iron and zinc oxides was obtained in order to deferrization of groundwater and prevent biofouling. As a modification method, the method of solution combustion synthesis was used. The surface morphology, chemical and phase composition of the coatings were studied. It has been shown that the effectiveness of deferrization of groundwater is almost 3 fold higher when using modified carbons comparing to the initial activated carbon.
Research of the Cleaning Process Regularities for the Model Waste Water Systems with the «Vodokanalniy» Polyacrylamid Flocculant
Authors:   E.Y. Shancheva, V.Y. Khentov
Published: September 2020

The article presents for the first time the results of studies on the use of the «Vodokanalny» flocculant for flocculation purification of model wastewater solutions. The process of flocculation of dispersed systems by polyelectrolytes is described. The influence of the nature and concentration of (poly) electrolytes on the flocculation rate was studied using BAU and quartz sand suspensions as an example. Graphical dependences of the described quantities on the concentration of introduced reagents are given. The clarification rates of suspensions in the presence of polyelectrolytes were investigated. The values of the initial particle deposition rates are calculated. The dependences of the value of the cleaning efficiency on the volume of the introduced substance are presented. A comparative analysis of the use of the component with polyacrylamide flocculants of the AK-631 type (A-930 and A-1510) was carried out.
Geoinformation systems in population analysis of the distribution of depressive disorders in Khabarovsk
Authors: Loginov Igor , Savin Sergey
Published: September 2020

The research is devoted to the use of modern geoinformation technologies for the analysis of spatial medical and demographic data. On the example of the medical and ecological geoinformation system (MEGIS) of Khabarovsk the possibilities of geoinformation technologies in the study of the spread of depressive disorders in a large city and the analysis of cause-and-effect relationships between this disease and some socio-economic factors are shown. The features of mathematical support of MEGIS necessary for population epidemiological analysis are considered. The possibilities of using correlation-regression and cluster-discriminant analysis for these purposes are shown. At the stage of the initial manifestation of symptoms of depression, statistically significant binary risk factors for depressive disorders were established, which were used in the diagnostic questionnaire. Developed complex recognition, classification and predictive models on the individual level, to assess the risk of developing depressive disorders and to predict the potential severity of the disease. At the population level, risk groups for depressive disorders in patients who have suffered depressive episodes in childhood should be formed. Based on the results of multi-level GIS and classification and predictive modeling based on individual clinical dynamically, socio-psychological, transcultural and environmental health risk factors formulated practical recommendations to improve the prevention of depressive disorders. The study of clinical and pathodynamic, socio-psychological, transcultural and medico-ecological aspects of non-psychotic depressive disorders with the use of geoinformation systems was carried out for the prevention of depression and mental health stabilization of the region population. The results of this research can be used by specialists in geoinformation systems, medical demography, medical psychology and social psychiatry, sociology, psychiatry, psychology and family medicine, conflictology, information modeling and system analysis in health care.
Mastectomia subcutánea con reconstruccion inmediata del complejo areolo-mamilar en transexuales masculinos
Authors: Stevens Moya Patricio
Published: September 2020

Introducción: Se presenta experiencia realizada en Servicio de Salud Talcahuano, de masculinización mamaria en el proceso de reasignación sexual, de transexuales masculinos. En Chile se estima que habrían  754 mujeres transexuales. Metodología: Estudio de 47 individuos, intervenidos en Hospital Las Higueras de Talcahuano, entre 2006 y 2019, sometidos a masculinización mamaria mediante mastectomía subcutánea y  reconstrucción del complejo areolomamilar. Resultados: Se intervinieron pacientes de todo el país; 59% corresponde a octava región; 42,5 % operados entre los años  2017 y  2018. Un 36% rango de edad  de 18 a 22 años. Un 68%  IMC entre 24 y 30. Según el tamaño de las mamas,  57 % copa B,  31%  C, 12%  D y 12 % de gigantomastia. Un 29 %, peso promedio de la mastectomía  fue de 600 gramos; un 29% de 300 gramos y en 9 %  mas de 800 gramos por lado. En 68% se utilizó abordaje submamario e injerto de piel total del complejo areola pezon (CAP); otras tecnicas fueron periareolar, incisión en T y  liposucción. La complicación mas frecuente fue la colección. Biopsia normal en un 100 % .  Discusión: Experiencia pionera en Chile, realizada en un Hospital Público, en el difícil proceso de reasignación de género, en la problación transexual de Chile. Individuos muy estigmatizados de parte de la comunidad, que encontraron  en el Servicio de Salud de Talcahuano, una mano amiga, que les extendió su apoyo desinteresado y calificado, logrando excelentes resultados finales.
HEMOTÓRAX MASIVO POR TRAUMATISMO TORÁCICO EN PACIENTES TRATADOS QUIRÚRGICAMENTE
Authors: González L. Roberto , Riquelme U. Alejandra , Toloza A. Claudio , Reyes M. Rodrigo , Seguel S. Enrique , Stockins L. Aleck , Jadue T. Andrés , Ávalos T Matías , Barra M. Sebastián , Alarcón O. Felipe , Alarcón C. Emilio
Published: September 2020

Introducción: El hemotórax masivo (HM) se puede definir como el acúmulo súbito de >1.500 ml de sangre en la cavidad pleural o débito >200 ml/hr de sangre en 3-4 horas por pleurotomía; es considerada una complicación traumática grave. Objetivo: Describir las características clínicas, índices de gravedad de traumatismo (IGT), morbilidad y variables asociadas a mortalidad en pacientes con hemotórax masivo por traumatismo torácico operados (HMTT). Material y Método: Estudio analítico longitudinal. Período enero-1981 a diciembre-2018. Revisión prospectiva de base de datos, protocolos quirúrgicos y fichas clínicas. Descripción de características de HMTT. Se calcularon IGT: Injury Severity Score (ISS), Revised Trauma Score (RTS-T), Trauma Injury Severity Score (TRISS). Para mortalidad se realizó análisis univariado con cálculo de Odds Ratio. Resultados: Total 4.306 Traumas Torácico (TT), HMTT 119 (2,8%). Hombres 112 (94,1%), edad promedio 32±13,2 años, 91 (76,5%) pacientes presentaron TT aislado, 28 (23,5%) asociado a lesiones extratorácicas, de estos, 23 (19,3%) fueron politraumatismos. Fueron traumatismos penetrantes 102 (85,7%). El HMTT se atribuyó principalmente a: lesión de pared en 38 (31,9%) y lesión pulmonar en 29 (24,4%). De las cirugías torácicas: 87 (73,1%) fueron urgentes (£4hrs), 10 (8,4%) precoces (>4-24hrs) y 22 (18,5%) diferidas (>24hrs). Hospitalización postoperatoria promedio 7,9±6,4 días. Según IGT: ISS promedio 17,4±9,6, RTS-T promedio 10,2±2,7, TRISS promedio 12,7. Morbilidad 46 (38,7%) y mortalidad 15 (12,6%). Discusión: Los HMTT se atribuyeron principalmente a lesiones de pared y lesión pulmonar. En la mayoría se requirió cirugía torácica de urgencia.  La mortalidad observada es semejante a la esperada según IGT. Existen variables asociadas a mayor mortalidad.
Desarrollo de la técnica de disección submucosa endoscópica en cáncer gástrico incipiente. Primeros cincuenta casos de un cirujano.
Authors: Mejía Martínez Ricardo Javier
Published: September 2020

Introduccion:El cáncer gástrico es un problema de salud en Chile y su mal pronóstico global se explica por un diagnóstico en etapas avanzadas. El cáncer gástrico incipiente (CGI) se asocia a buen pronóstico oncológico y la disección submucosa endoscópica (DSE) como alternativa de tratamiento ha demostrado ser comparable al estándar quirúrgico.Objetivo: Describir la experiencia y resultados de un cirujano en pacientes con CGI sometidos a DSE.Materiales y Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo que incluyó a los pacientes sometidos a DSE por CGI entre mayo 2015 y marzo 2019. Se tabuló información demográfica, datos perioperatorios y del seguimiento obtenidos del registro institucional. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva.   Resultados: Se realizaron 52 DSE por CGI en el período analizado. La resección en bloque se logró en un 96% de los casos. La morbilidad alcanzó el 2%, no se registró mortalidad postoperatoria. 98% de las resecciones en bloque fueron consideradas R0 y un 86% de ellas cumplieron estándares de curación. La mediana de seguimiento es de 19 meses y la sobrevida específica por cáncer gástrico y libre de recurrencia alcanza el 100%. Discusión y conclusiones: La DSE es una técnica con potencial curativo en pacientes con CGI, presentando mejores resultados en términos de morbimortalidad, calidad de vida y es comparable a la cirugía en el pronóstico oncológico.  Los resultados presentados son concordantes con la literatura y apoyan la implementación de la técnica para el tratamiento del CGI.
Ileo biliar. Reporte de casos
Authors: Bueno Cañones Alejandro David , Bailón Cuadrado Martín , Asensio Díaz Enrique , Pacheco Sánchez David
Published: September 2020

Introduccion: El íleo biliar es una causa poco frecuente de obstrucción intestinal mecánica, siendo más frecuente en pacientes mayores de 65 años y sexo femenino.Casos clínicos: Se exponen cuatro casos clínicos diagnosticados de íleo biliar, intervenidos en nuestro centro.Discusión: El íleo biliar es una enfermedad que se produce a consecuencia del paso de un cálculo al lumen intestinal. Esto se produce por la presencia de una fistula entre la vesícula y el intestino, localizada mayormente a nivel duodenal. Se manifiesta con una clínica muy inespecífica, lo que condiciona un retraso en su diagnóstico. La tomografía computarizada es actualmente el exámen de elección. El tratamiento consiste en la enterotomía con extracción del cálculo, realizándose la reparación de la fístula en un primer o segundo tiempo. Tiene un mal pronóstico debido a comorbilidad de los pacientes y la demora diagnóstica y terapéutica.
Resección laparoscópica de metástasis intestinales de melanoma maligno
Authors: Marcos-Santos Pablo , Bailón-Cuadrado Martín , Toledano-Trincado Miguel , Pacheco-Sánchez David
Published: September 2020

Objetivos: El melanoma cutáneo presenta un alto potencial metastásico y constituye la fuente extraabdominal más frecuente de lesión del intestino delgado. El diagnóstico de metástasis gastrointestinales es a menudo una expresión de enfermedad avanzada, con una supervivencia media de entre 6 y 9 meses.Material y Métodos: Presentamos el caso un paciente varón de 63 años diagnosticado de melanoma cutáneo que acudió a urgencias por dolor abdominal y estreñimiento. Se realizó una TC abdominal donde se informó de la existencia de 2 lesiones metastásicas a nivel de intestino delgado que condicionaban oclusión intestinal.Resultados: El paciente fue intervenido quirúrgicamente bajo abordaje laparoscópico con resección de los dos segmentos intestinales afectos y anastomosis intracorpórea. El informe histopatológico confirmó que se trataban de metástasis de melanoma.Discusión y Conclusión: La oclusión intestinal por metástasis de melanoma maligno es muy infrecuente. La cirugía es el tratamiento de elección en pacientes con metástasis intestinales de melanoma. El tratamiento quirúrgico puede mejorar el pronóstico y estaría indicado casos de metástasis únicas o pacientes sintomáticos con intención paliativa. El abordaje mínimamente invasivo ofrece resultados oncológicos similares a la laparotomía.Aims: Cutaneous melanoma has a high metastatic potential, being the most frequent extra-abdominal source of small bowel metastasis. The diagnosis of gastrointestinal metastases is often an expression of advanced disease, with an average survival of 6-9 months.Material and Methods: We herein present the case of a 63-year-old male patient diagnosed with cutaneous melanoma who arrived to the emergency department complaining of abdominal pain and constipation. An abdominal CT scan was performed, it revealed two metastatic lesions in the small bowel which marked the mechanical obstruction.Results: Patient underwent a laparoscopy and both involved segments were removed. Pathology exam confirmed the diagnosis of melanoma metastases.Discussion and Conclusions: Surgery excision is the treatment of choice in patients with small bowel metastases from melanoma. Surgical management can improve the prognosis and it would be indicated in cases of single metastases or symptomatic patients with a palliative intention. Minimally invasive approach provides similar oncological results as conventional laparotomy.Small bowel obstruction due to metastases of malignant melanoma is extremely rare.
SINDROME MEDULAR AGUDO CAUSADO POR HEMATOMA EPIDURAL TRAS PUNCIÓN ANESTÉSICA
Authors: Alfonso García María , Bianchi Alessandro , Pujol Cano Natalia , Rodríguez Chikri Beatriz Miriam , Jiménez Segovia Marina , González Argente Francesc Xavier
Published: September 2020

La combinación de anestesia general con analgesia epidural se considera como el gold-estándar para la cirugía abdominal por vía laparotómica. Ante la aparición de síntomas neurológicos en el postoperatorio inmediato de pacientes portadores de catéter epidural es preciso sospechar de complicaciones relacionadas con el mismo.En caso de presentar un hematoma epidural, es fundamental un diagnóstico precoz con prueba de imagen y la realización de una cirugía descompresiva urgente.
Forecasting Russian Food Exports in the Face of Uncertainty Using the Input-Output Method
Authors: Anfinogentova A. A. , Reshetnikova N. V.
Published: September 2020

The presented study examines the conditions and factors for the implementation of national projects in Russia during the transition towards a digital economy. Particular attention is paid to the use of the input-output method in forecasting the final operating results of the Russian agro-food industry, with a focus on identifying key factors for the growth of competitive food exports in the medium term.

Aim. The study aims to analyze the specific aspects of forecasting Russian food exports in the face of uncertainty using the input-output method.

Tasks. The authors substantiate the need to use the input-output method for the scientific analysis of management decisions in the field of foreign economic activity and identify the specific features of a new approach to forecasting food exports in the face of uncertainty.

Methods. The methodology used in this study is determined by the increasing uncertainty of foreign economic relations, which calls for modern economic and mathematical methods in forecasting. The authors propose using their own modification of the symmetrical input-output table of the Russian agro-food industry and the method of dynamic data visualization to examine processes with a high level of uncertainty.

Results. The study describes the conditions and factors for the growth of Russian food exports in the context of increasing uncertainty in the development of world trade; substantiates the necessity and presents the results of the transformation of operation of public and commercial organizations engaged in exports; proposes a systems approach to forecasting the vector of the final product of the Russian agro-food industry and the vector of exports as its component that would ensure the implementation of national projects to improve the population's quality of life; estimates the probability of sustainable growth of Russian food exports in the medium term.

Conclusions. In the context of crisis phenomena in the world economy, the Russian export management system offers new forms of support for exporters through digital transformation of services, diversification of traditional foreign relations and state export support measures, ensures the dissemination of new efficient business practices and development of an export support strategy for the post-crisis period. By using the input-output method in the forecasting of food exports, it is possible to comprehensively substantiate a system of national projects aimed at increasing the population's quality of life and strengthening the country's food security. To justify forecasts amid the increasing uncertainty in the development of foreign economic relations, it is necessary to use data visualization over time to estimate the probability of achieving the parameters of national projects in the medium term.
Assessment of Structural Transformations of Regional Industrial Complexes
Authors: Vertakova Yu. V. , Polozhentseva Yu. S. , Korkhov A. V.
Published: September 2020

Constant changes in the economic system make it necessary to conduct a comparative analysis of structural changes in industry. Therefore, it appears particularly relevant to examine the industrial structure of individual regions and the Russian Federation as a whole and to determine directions for improving the development of the industrial sector in order to form competitive industries that would meet the requirements of the technological revolution and Industry 4.0.

Aim. The presented study aims to assess the structurally balanced development of the industrial complex in the federal districts of the Russian Federation by analyzing the significance of structural differences.

Tasks. The authors examine methods for assessing the state and dynamics of structural transformations in industry; investigate the current state, dynamics, and industry proportions of the industrial complex in the context of the federal districts of the Russian Federation; develop directions for improving the structure of the industrial complex.

Methods. This study uses the methods of comparative and statistical analysis to structure indicators for assessing the development of the industrial complex and indices of structural shifts, which include indicators for evaluating structural transformations, in particular the Ryabtsev index.

Results. The authors comprehensively analyze the current state and dynamics of the industry proportions of the industrial complex in the context of the federal districts of the Russian Federation. Based on the results of this analysis, they propose directions and recommendations for sustainable, structurally balanced development of the industrial sector.

Conclusions. The practical significance of the study consists in the development of major directions for the transformation of the regional industrial complex, stimulating the implementation of advanced industrial technologies, formation and development of new markets for innovative products. This will make it possible to achieve balanced economic development.
Anti-Ideology of Entrepreneurship as an Attribute of Entrepreneurial Projects
Authors: Litau E. Ya.
Published: September 2020

Aim. The presented study examines and develops theoretical and methodological foundations that make it possible to distinguish innovative entrepreneurship among other economic phenomena.

Tasks. The author identifies the specific features of entrepreneurship and its qualitative differences from other types of economic activity aimed at obtaining benefits, specifies the relationship between creative destruction and economic development, determines the attributes of innovative entrepreneurship.

Methods. This study uses systematic analysis of professional literature on entrepreneurship to highlight the main attributes of entrepreneurial activity. The methodology of dialectical contradiction in its original Hegelian interpretation plays an important role in elaborating and substantiating the definition of entrepreneurship. The author considers innovative activity as creation of new values, which, according to the logic of dialectical development, destroy the old ones, triggering the process of economic development.

Results. An approach to understanding the phenomenon of entrepreneurship is proposed, making it possible to distinguish this type of activity as significantly different from other types of economic activity, which may be externally similar but have different content. During the development of this approach, the concept of “anti-ideology” of entrepreneurship is introduced, which reflects the essence of innovative activity as a process of creative destruction. The necessary and sufficient attributes of entrepreneurial innovation are identified, making it possible to reflect the meaning of this phenomenon and verify this complex defining structural element in the system of economic relations. The study substantiates that the level of anti-ideology and public benefit can be used as criteria for assessing the significance of an entrepreneurial idea. A progressive model of anti-idea realization (PMA) is proposed based on the methodological principle. It can be used to develop an efficient system for evaluating startups within the framework of venture capitalism.

Conclusions. Specification of the relationship between creative destruction and economic development is crucial to understanding the importance of innovative entrepreneurship. Each historical period creates its own demand for a specific type of entrepreneurs. The principle of anti-ideology, which lies at the heart of the PMA model, is key in identifying competitive commercial ideas, making it possible to focus resources and attention on projects that can make a significant contribution to economic development.
GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN DAN POLA MAKAN PADA PASIEN ARTHRITIS GOUT DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS KEBUN SARI KABUPATEN POLEWALI MANDAR
Authors: Arnida  , Akbar Fredy , Ambohamsa Idawati
Published: September 2020

Pola makan : pada pasien Artritis gout pola makan sangat berpengaruh dengan meningkatnya kadar Asam urat pada pasien sehingga pasien harus menjaga pola makan dari makanan yang mengandung tinggi purin. Tujuan penelitian untuk Mengetahui gambaranpola makan pada pasien Arthritis gout di wilayah kerja puskesmas kebun sari kabupaten Polewali Mandar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan metodologi deskriptif dimana Metode deskriptif adalah suatu metode dalam meneliti status sekelompok manusia, suatu obyek, suatu set kondisi, suatu sistempemikiran, ataupun  suatu kelas peristiwa pada masa sekarang. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada pasien yang terkena arthtritis gout yang berada di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kebun Sari. Dengan sampel penelitian 4 responden. Haisl menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara Pola makan dengan meningkatnya kadar asam urat dalam tubuh di wilayah kerja puskesmas kebun sari, Kecamatan Wonomulyo, Kabupaten Polewali Mandar 2018.
PENGARUH JARAK TANAM DAN JENIS PUPUK KANDANG TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN JAGUNG MANIS (ZeaMays Saccharata Sturt.)
Authors: Putra Rabi Dwika , Jafrizal Jafrizal , Suryadi Suryadi
Published: September 2020

Pengaruh Jarak Tanam dan Jenis Pupuk Kandang Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea Mays Saccharata Sturt).Mahasiswa Agroteknologi Fakultas Pertanian dan Peternakan Universitas Muhammadiyah Bengkulu. Di bawah bimbingan Jafrizal sebagai pembimbing utamadan Suryadi sebagai pembimbing kedua. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Jarak Tanam dan Jenis Pupuk Kandang Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea Mays Saccharata Sthurt). Rancangan yang digunakan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan 2 faktor yaitu faktor pertama Jarak Tanam (J) : J1 (50 x 30), J2 (50 X 40), J3 (50 X 50), sedangkan faktor kedua Jenis Pupuk Kandang (P) : P1 (Pupuk Kandang Ayam), P2 (Pupuk Kandang Kambing), P3 (Pupuk Kandang Sapi) masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Hasil data dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Sidik Ragam (ANOVA) dan apabila berbeda nyata dilakukan uji lanjut Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) taraf 5 %. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Pengaruh Jarak Tanam dan Jenis Pupuk Kandang tidakberpengaruh nyata terhadapsemua pengamatan Tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea Mays Saccharata Sthurt).
PENGARUH TANAH BEKAS MACAM-MACAM BIOAKTIVATOR DAN MIKORIZA SERTA KOMBINASI PUPUK ANORGANIK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN KEDELAI (Glycine max L. Merril)
Authors: Trirahmah Zulfanur , Podesta Fiana , Yasin Usman
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengatahui pengaruh penggunaan tanah bekas macam-macam bioaktivator Mikoriza  dengan kombinasi pupuk anorganik terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kedelai (Glycine max L. Merril). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Jl. Danau Raya No. 59, Panorama, Singaran Pati, Kota Bengkulu menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial dengan 2 faktor yaitu faktor pertama bioaktivator mikoriza (M): M1 (Bioaktivator Mikoriza Ragi), M2 : (Bioaktivator Mikoriza Nasi Basi), M3 (Bioaktivator Mikoriza Rumen Sapi), sedangkan faktor kedua kombinasi pupuk anorganik (P); P1 (12,5 kg Urea/ha + 100 kg SP36/ha + 50 kg KCL/ha), P2 (25 kg Urea/ha + 50 kg SP36/ha + 50 kg KCL/ha), P3 (25 kg Urea/ha + 100 kg SP36/ha + 25 kg KCL/ha), masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Hasil data  dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Sidik Ragam (ANOVA) dan apabila berbeda nyata dilakukan uji lanjut Duncan’s Multiple Range (DMRT) taraf 0,5 %. Hasil penggunaan tanah bekas dengan macam bioaktivator mikoriza (rumen sapi)   menunjukkan pengaruh yang nyata  terhadap berat polong kering tanaman kedelai (Glycine max L. Merril), Sedangkan pemberian kombinasi pupuk anorganik berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman pada umur 28 HST.  Penggunaan tanah bekas macam bioaktivator mikoriza dengan kombinasi pupuk anorganik tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah daun, panjang akar, berat basah tanaman, berat kering tanaman, berat polong basah, berat polong kering, jumlah polong isi pertanaman, jumlah polong hampa (cipo), jumlah biji pertanaman, berat biji pertanaman, berat 100 biji.Kata kunci : kedelai, tanah bekas bioaktivator dan mikoriza, kombinasi pupuk anorganik.
Efficacy of Class C Fly Ash as a Stabilizer for Marginal Residual Soil
Authors: Umar M , Alhassan H. M.
Published: September 2020

Two laterites samples known for their deficiency in road construction were used to assess the efficacy of Class C fly ash in improving their engineering properties. The two samples were taken from Danbare and Dausayi localities within Kano Metropolis and the fly ash was sourced from the Nigerian Coal Corporation, Enugu. Preliminary tests on the two samples confirmed their deficiency for use in road construction. The processed fly ash was blended with the laterite samples at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18%. Hence, the treated soil samples were tested for plasticity, compaction and strength properties. Results obtained revealed reduction in plasticity properties as the fly ash contents increased. Similarly, Maximum Dry Density (MDD) decreased as the fly ash content increased while the Optimum Moisture Content (OMC) of the treated soils increased for the two samples. Peak CBR values of 16 and 35% were obtained at 9 and 15% fly ash contents for samples 1 and 2, respectively. The unconfined compression tests showed considerable improvement in strength properties higher than the values of the natural soils. The peak 7 days strength of 630 and 1410 kN/m2 were observed at 12% and 15% fly ash content for samples 1 and 2, respectively.