bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gambaran Pengetahuan dengan Sikap Remaja Tentang Seksual Pranikah di SMA Al Islam Krian sidoarjo
Authors: Nuriyanah Titin Eka
Published: August 2024

Sex before marriage is sex behavior doing without legal marriage process according to conduction or religion and self tradition. The adolescent knowledge about sex before marriage must to know at young, in order to adolescent not missed perception about sex before marriage. The reality from 2009-2010 sex before marriage to ascent 29%. The purpose of study to know description of knowledge and adolescent about sex before marriage.Research desaign use description method and population is 40 student in Al Islam senior high school Krian Sidoarjo and all of them become research subject, primary data collected by given questioner. The data input in frequency tabulation and cross tabulation and than explained by narration without statisticaly test.The research of result showed that majority of 40 maleand female adolescent students had good knowledge as many as 22 (55%) with negative attitudes as many as 33 (82,5%). Wherease based on cross tabulation the adolescent whose has good knowledge has positive attitude (12,5%) and whose has enough knowledge has negative attitude (35%).The conclutions of this research knowledge and attitudes of adolescent about sex before marriage majority had good knowledge with negative attitudes. School area adviced to give information about sex before marriage at young
Co-production and collaboration: Academic practitioner reflections on undergraduate internship schemes in History
Authors: Collinson Marc , Rees Lowri Ann
Published: August 2024

This practitioner reflection piece discusses and evaluates the experiences of the authors overseeing undergraduate research internship projects in the discipline of history. It considers the opportunities such a scheme can afford the intern, and the potential for contribution to historical scholarship.
A New Creep Model for Coarse–Grained Soil and Its Application in Landslide dam
Authors: chen ziyu , huang wenbin , mi zhankuan , Li Guoying , wei kuangmin , zhou chaohui
Published: August 2024

Due to the one-time forming of the landslide dam, all deformation after its formation can be attributed to creep. Since the material of the landslide dam has not been manually sorted, there is a large spatial variability. The empirical creep model widely used in artificial rockfill dams, which has problems such as complex formulas, too many parameters and no clear physical meaning, it is difficult to be directly applied to the long-term deformation calculation of the landslide dam. Through the analysis of the relationship between strain energy and stress state in the creep process, combined with the exponential function relationship between strain energy and time and the creep stress dilatancy relationship, a new creep model of coarse-grained soil is proposed. The proposed creep model can comprehensively consider the strain and stress quantities during creeping, and has the advantages of fewer model parameters and clear physical meaning of parameters and wide applicability. The proposed creep model is based on the initial strain method for creep numerical calculation, and the long-term deformation calculation of the spatial variability distribution of creep pa-rameters was carried out for the Hongshiyan landslide dam. The calculation results show that the deformation calculation results considering the spatial variability of creep parameters are more consistent with the monitoring results.
Geometrical barrier determines the updip limit of slow earthquake slip
Authors: Akuhara Takeshi , Shiraishi Kazuya , Tsuji Takeshi , Yamashita Yusuke , Sugioka Hiroko , Farazi Atikul , Ohyanagi Shukei , Ito Yoshihiro , Arai Ryuta , Araki Eiichiro , Fujie Gou , Nakamura Yasuyuki , Tonegawa Takashi , Azuma Ryosuke , Hino Ryota , Mochizuki Kimihiro , Takemura Shunsuke , Yamada Tomoaki , Shinohara Masanao
Published: August 2024

Increased observations of shallow slow earthquakes have highlighted structural irregularities that explain the generation mechanisms of slow earthquakes. However, due to considerable uncertainties in the source locations of slow earthquakes, it is unclear what controls the spatial extent of slow earthquakes and what hinders slip propagation on the megathrust. We utilize the precise locations of tectonic tremors, bathymetry data, and seismic reflection images acquired from the Kumano-nada in the Nankai Trough subduction zone to investigate structural factors that determine the spatial extent of tectonic tremors. Results suggest that an abrupt change in the dip angle of the megathrust, located at the point where the frontal thrust branches from the décollement, behaves as a geometrical barrier to along-dip slip propagation. An underplated structure likely generates a pore fluid pressure contrast near this branching point, further strengthening this barrier. In addition, we find that a similar geometrical barrier created by deep-rooted strike-slip faults may affect along-strike slip propagation. Furthermore, the absence of slow earthquakes in the eastern part of the study area is attributed to a stress shadow on the rear side of the subducting Paleo–Zenith ridge.
Toxic cultures: E-cigarettes and the oral microbial exposome
Authors: Kumar Purnima , Beverly Michelle , Ganesan Sukirth , Dabdoub Shareef , Chaudhary Prem , Yadav Manoj , Myles Iain , Ratley Grace , D'Souza Brandon , Williamson Kathryn , Chatzakis Emmanouli , Kim Shinae
Published: August 2024

E-cigarettes have emerged as an exposomal factor of great concern to human health. We aimed to test the hypothesis that e-cigarette aerosol is metabolized in the oral cavity by the indigenous microbiome, leading to structural and functional alterations in oral biofilms. We combined untargeted metabolomic analysis of in vitro commensal-rich and pathogen-rich microcosm communities with metatranscriptomics, and fluorescent microscopy, and verified the results in human samples. Spectral deconvolution of 4,215 peaks identified 969 exposomal and endogenous metabolites that mapped to 23 metabolic pathways. Aerosol characteristics and biofilm composition affected metabolite profiles. Metabolites generated by commensal-rich biofilms contained antimitic, anti-fungal and anti-bacterial compounds, while pathogen-rich biofilms metabolized nicotine-containing aerosol using the pyridine and pyrrolidine pathways. Both communities generated endogenous metabolites that mapped to quorum sensing functions. Several of these metabolites were verified in the saliva of current, never, and former smokers who vape. Metatranscriptomics revealed upregulation of xenobiotic degradation, capsule, peptidoglycan, and glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis in commensal-rich communities, while genes encoding organic carbon-compound metabolism, antimicrobial resistance and secretion systems were over-expressed in pathogen-rich biofilms. Topographical analysis revealed an architecture characterized by low surface-area to biovolume ratio, high biomass, and diffusion distance only in commensal-rich biofilms. In conclusion, our data suggest that bacterial metabolism of e-cigarette aerosol triggers a quorum-sensing-regulated stress response which mediates the formation of dense, exopolysaccharide-rich biofilms in health-compatible communities and antibiotic resistance and virulence amplification in disease-associated communities. These findings explain the higher incidence of dental caries, gingival inflammation, and antimicrobial resistance observed in vapers.
Deep learning-based multistep forecasting ofthe backward-looking volatility
Authors: Panda Siba , Nerurkar Pranav , Verma Saurav
Published: August 2024

Modeling backward-looking volatility is of utmost significance to hedgeand price an option. Previous research has compared implied volatility’sability to forecast future movements to historical volatility.In this work, the contribution to the literature is mainly focusingon Long short-term memory (LSTM) neural networks predictabilityfor backward-looking volatility forecasting of the Indian S&PCNX Nifty. Using daily SPX options data spanned over the periodfrom 2/5/2001 to 26/2/2020, we find that LSTM fits the trainingdata exceptionally well, with a coefficient value of 0.92 in a singleregression evaluation model and coefficient value more than 0.9 inall multiple regression models. From the empirical analysis, we findthat LSTM outperforms three other state-of-the-art volatility forecastingmodels in predicting the volatility in the out-of-sample dataset
Plasma metabolites as mediators in inflammation-related proteins - benign prostatic hyperplasia risk: insights from Mendelian randomization
Authors: Cui Yan , Wang Hui , Wang Yuting
Published: August 2024

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a chronic disease that pretends to occur in elderly men. Inflammatory and metabolic factors play a key role in the pathogenesis and progression of BPH. The extent to which effects of 91 inflammation-related proteins on BPH are mediated by 1400 plasma metabolites is unclear. In our study we examined the effects of these traits using genetic evidence. We used two-sample Mendelian randomization ( two-sample MR) and Multivariable MR (MVMR) to determine:there is a genetic causal relationship between Interleukin-2 levels (IL-2)and BPH,N6,N6-dimethyllysine levels play a mediation role:higher IL-2 was associated with higher risk of BPH(β = 0.071, OR:1.074,95%CI[1.002–1.152],p = 0.045 and lower levels of N6,N6-dimethyllysine levels (β1=-0.127 p = 0.02).The N6,N6-dimethyllysine levels (β2=-0.039,p = 0.008) was negatively genetic associated with the risk of BPH.The mediation effect was 0.005,95% confidence interval(CI) [0.0004,0.012],odds-ratio (OR) :1.005,95%CI[1.000,1.012].Then,we analyzed the phenotypic co-localization of the two pairs : IL-2—BPH and N6,N6-dimethyllysine levels—BPH, which showed that IL-2 and BPH co-locate the SNP of rs145516501 on the NO. 13 chromosome. N6,N6-dimethyllysine levels, and BPH are co-located to the SNP of rs4917820 on the NO. 10 chromosome.The mediation proportion is 7.04%.The study suggested that N6,N6-dimethyllysine levels appear to mediate the causal effect of IL-2 on BPH.
Adult Life Phase-Specific Dopaminergic Neuroprotective Efficacy of Curcumin is through Variant Modulation of Brain Dopamine Metabolism: Insights from ALSS Drosophila Model of Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Das Abhik , Chaurasia Rahul , Modi Priyanka , Ayajuddin Mohamad , Phom Limamanen , Ponnam Surya Prakash Goud , Muralidhara Murali , Rajini Padmanabhan , Aggarwal Bharat Bhushan , Yenisetti Sarat Chandra
Published: August 2024

Epidemiological studies suggest a strong link between exposure to environmental toxins and onset of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Our laboratory has developed an adult life stage-specific (ALSS) Drosophila model of sporadic PD which is critical to screen small molecules and identify molecular targets of dopaminergic (DAergic) neuroprotection for late-onset neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) such as PD. Nutraceutical curcumin (CU) has been a time-tested ingredient in the Asian kitchen, traditional medicine and has been employed in 450 clinical trials. Exposure to Paraquat (PQ) induces mobility defects in the health stage (point of time when there is no natural diseases) and transition stage (time period wherein about 10% deaths occur) of adult Drosophila; whereas CU ameliorates the deficits only during early health span but fails during late health and transition phases. Probing the whole fly brain using anti-tyrosine hydroxylase (anti-TH) antibodies, for PQ-mediated dopamine (DA) neurodegeneration illustrates that it does not cause loss of DA neurons per se. However, it leads to DA “neuronal dysfunction” (diminished levels of rate-limiting enzyme in dopamine synthesis- TH) and CU rescues the neuronal dysfunction only during the early health span but fails to mitigate the DA neuronal pathology during the transition phase of adult life. Genotropic nutraceutical CU replenishes the diminished levels of brain-specific DA and its metabolites DOPAC and HVA during the adult health phase (HP) and fails to do so in the adult transition phase (TP), suggesting its life phase-specific dopaminergic neuroprotective efficacy is mediated through differential modulation of perturbations in brain dopamine metabolism. The present study suggests the limitation of CU as a therapeutic strategy for PD and emphasizes the necessity and importance of screening putative neuroprotective small molecules for late onset NDD such as PD in life phase matched animal models during which the disease sets in.
Impact of kefir yeasts on Fusarium graminearum growth and production of deoxynivalenol
Authors: Moure Candela , Albuquerque Diana Ramírez , Peláez Angela León , Pinto Virginia Fernández , Alconada Teresa
Published: August 2024

The kefir granules are a microbial consortium with numerous properties, among which their antifungal action has been reported. The aim of this research was to evaluate the antifungal capacity of yeasts isolated from kefir against Fusarium graminearum for its possible application as biocontrol agents. The inhibition of fungal growth was analyzed, according to dual tests, and the production of volatile organic compounds. The inhibition of the production of the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol was also analized. The six isolates studied belonged to the species Geotrichum candidum (2), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1), Pichia kudriavzevii (2) and Pichia membranifaciens (1). They were isolated from kefir and identified in a previous work. The yeasts tested produced a reduction in the growth of F. graminearum in all assays. In particular, three of the isolates, 1 belonging to the species S. cerevisiae and 2 to the species P. kudriavzevii, generated volatile organic compounds that significantly inhibited the growth of the fungus in a 49.61, 51.46 and 49.61% respectively. The yeasts produced an inhibition of the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol correlated with a reduction in the growth of the fungus. The isolates of Geotrichum candidum (Gc30) and Pichia kudriavzevii (Pk27, PK20) significantly reduced the deoxynivalenol content of F graminearum by 86, 89 and 88%, and the range of growth inhibition in the assay was 16 to 62%. The data obtained about yeasts of novel origin are promising for their possible use as fungal biocontrol agents in foods as an alternative to agrochemicals
Eribulin inhibits tumor growth of two novel patient-derived xenograft models of Merkel cell carcinoma
Authors: Miyamoto Kodai , Yanagi Teruki , Maeda Takuya , Kitamura Shinya , Nishihara Hiroshi , Iwamoto Ririko , Takahashi Kenzo , Ujiie Hideyuki
Published: August 2024

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, aggressive neuroendocrine skin cancer with a poor prognosis in advanced cases. While MCC has been reported to be sensitive to chemotherapy and immunotherapy, only about 50% of tumors respond to these treatments. Although developing novel therapeutic strategies against MCC has been desired, few preclinical models, including cell lines and patient-derived xenografts (PDXs), are available. This study aimed to establish novel preclinical research models and develop novel therapeutic strategies for MCC. Histopathological analyses of 19 clinical MCC samples in our department revealed the tumors to either be infected with the Merkel cell polyomavirus or have lost the expression of tumor suppressors (tumor protein p53 [p53] or RB transcriptional corepressor 1 [Rb1]). To establish novel PDX tumors, we transplanted MCC tissues from Japanese patients into immunodeficient NOD/SCID mice. Two MCC-PDX tumors were successfully implanted (MCC-PDX-MK1 and-MK2), and their histopathological and genetic characteristics were consistent with those of the original tumor. As in vivo preclinical treatments, we administered cisplatin, etoposide, docetaxel, or eribulin to the tumor-bearing immunodeficient mice. Eribulin showed antitumor activity in both MCC-PDX models. In conclusion, we successfully established two MCC-PDX models, and therapeutic experiments suggest that eribulin could inhibit MCC tumor growth.
Altered Amino Acid Metabolism in Glioma: In vivo MR-spectroscopic Detection of Alanine as a Potential Biomarker of Poor Survival in Glioma Patients
Authors: Alcicek Seyma , Pilatus Ulrich , Manzhurtsev Andrei , Weber Katharina J. , Ronellenfitsch Michael W. , Steinbach Joachim P. , Hattingen Elke , Wenger Katharina J.
Published: August 2024

Purpose
Reprogramming of amino acid metabolism is relevant for initiating and fueling tumor formation and growth. Therefore, there has been growing interest in anticancer therapies targeting amino acid metabolism. While developing personalized therapeutic approaches to glioma, in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a valuable tool for non-invasively monitoring tumor metabolism. Here, we evaluated MRS-detected brain amino acids and myo-inositol as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in glioma.
Method
We measured alanine, glycine, glutamate, glutamine, and myo-inositol in 38 patients with MRI-suspected glioma using short and long echo-time single-voxel PRESS MRS sequences. The detectability of alanine, glycine, and myo-inositol and the (glutamate + glutamine)/creatine ratio were evaluated against the patients’ IDH mutation status, CNS WHO grade, and overall survival.
Results
While the detection of alanine and non-detection of myo-inositol significantly correlated with IDH wildtype (p = 0.0008, p = 0.007, respectively) and WHO grade 4 (p = 0.01, p = 0.04, respectively), glycine detection was not significantly associated with either. The ratio of (glutamate + glutamine)/creatine was significantly higher in WHO grade 4 than in 2 and 3. We found that the overall survival was significantly shorter in glioma patients with alanine detection (p = 0.00002).
Conclusion
Focusing on amino acids in MRS can improve its diagnostic and prognostic value in glioma. Alanine, which is visible at long TE even in the presence of lipids, could be a relevant indicator for overall survival.
Analyzing Learning Curve for Supine Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Urology Resident Training Programme: Comparative Analysis
Authors: Arıkan Yusuf , Danacioğlu Yavuz Onur , Özlü Deniz Noyan , Koraş Ömer , Emir Büşra , Keskin Mehmet Zeynel
Published: August 2024

Introduction
This article attempts to provide a comprehensive review of the learning objectives and importance of the supine percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) technique.
Material Method
We retrospectively reviewed the cases of Supine PCNL between January 2018 and January 2024. We divided the groups into 3: residents between 1–3 years (Group 1), residents between 4–5 years (Group 2), and specialists (Group 3). The 1–3-year resident started to perform PCNL for the first time, while the 4–5-year resident started to perform Supine PCNL for the first time while previously performing prone PCNL.
Results
Access, fluoroscopy, and operation time were higher in Group 1, shorter in Group 2, and shortest in Group 3 (p < 0.001). Postoperative length of stay and the need for additional treatment were found to be shorter (p < 0.001), and the stone-free rate (SFR) increased (p < 0.001) from Group 1 to Group 3. The highest complication rates were observed in Group 1 (p = 0.002). SFR rate increased as the number of cases increased in Group 1 patients. Success was stable after 46–60 cases in terms of SFR. In Group 2, the SFR rate was stable after 31–45. cases. The most complications were observed in Group 1 and the least in Group 3.
Conclusion
In 1-3-year residents, access time and fluoroscopy time decrease with experience. In 4-5-year residents, due to their expertise in prone PCNL, the operation time and fluoroscopy time decrease with the number of cases performed. SFR is higher after 46–60 cases for 1-3-year residents and 31–45 cases for 4-5-year residents.
Positive Dementia Caregiving in 30 Days (PDC30): Study Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Self-Guided Automated Online Training Program
Authors: Cheng Sheung-Tak , Ng Peter H. F.
Published: August 2024

Background
The Benefit-Finding Intervention, a face-to-face psychoeducation program with a focus on the positive meanings of caregiving, has been found to reduce depressive symptoms and burden in dementia family caregivers. The program was revamped into a computer-delivered web-based program to enable 24/7 access without location restriction. This study evaluates the efficacy of this new online program called Positive Dementia Caregiving in 30 Days (PDC30).
Methods
A 2-arm (PDC30 vs waitlist control) parallel-group randomized controlled trial will be conducted. Target sample are 200 mildly depressed dementia family caregivers with internet access and fluency in English, who will be recruited globally through advertisements on social media and e-mails to service agencies. The primary outcome is depressive symptom whereas secondary outcomes are anxiety symptoms, burden, and positive gains, all collected at baseline and 1, 2 and 3 months. The treatment x time (both linear and quadratic) interaction effects will be examined using mixed-effect regression. In addition, possible therapeutic mechanisms via strengthened self-efficacy in controlling upsetting thoughts and positive reappraisal coping will be examined in a mediation path model.
Conclusion
If positive treatment effects are found, the potential public health benefits, given its ease of access, universal availability and flexible approach, of this online intervention are considerable.
Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT06409455. Date of registration: May 7, 2024; updated May 12, 2024 (version 2). Issue date: May 13, 2024 Prospectively registered.
Rapid growth of a solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura after slow long-term progression: A case report
Authors: Kakibuchi Daichi , Ishihara Shunta , Shimomura Masanori , Ikebe Satoshi , Dobashi Ryota , Honda Kazuki , Inoue Masayoshi
Published: August 2024

Background: Solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) of the pleura usually exhibit benign behavior. . We present a case of SFT of the pleura which grew rapidly after long term slow progression.
Case presentation: A 78-year-old man was referred for left-sided back pain and shortness of breath. He had a left mediastinal mass which detected at the age of 15 year. Sixty years later, chest computed tomography (CT) revealed that the tumor was 8.0 cm in diameter and remained unchanged for 3 years. However, the tumor then increased to 15.8 cm over the next 3 years. Because the left main pulmonary artery was compressed by the mass, there was concern regarding worsening of hemodynamics, and the symptoms of respiratory distress became more severe. Sixth rib-bed intercostal thoracotomy with a posterolateral incision was performed for removing the large tumor. Perioperative steroid administration (methylprednisolone 125 mg/day) and positive pressure ventilation with were applied to prevent re-expansion pulmonary edema. The patient was discharged with uneventful course. The tumor was pathologically diagnosed as SFT without malignant findings.
Conclusion: Because SFTs have a potential for rapid growth even if the SFTs show benign histological findings, surgical indication is desirable.
Design of Oxidation Resistant Alloys using Combinatorial Approaches with Chemically Graded Materials
Authors: GHANES Sabrina , PERRUT Mikael , EPIFANO Enrica , DEGEITER Matthieu , VAUBOIS Thomas , COSQUER Yohan , MONCEAU Daniel
Published: August 2024

This work introduces a new high-throughput method to characterize the oxidation behavior of chemically graded Ni-based alloys in order to feed databases destined to numerical metallurgy approaches. A Ni-wCr-3Al (w ∈ [0, 30]) chemically graded material was obtained from two homogeneous samples by a diffusion couple method at 1300°C for 100h. The composition range was selected in order to observe the three types of oxidation behavior identified in the reference work of Giggins and Pettit [10]. The excellent agreement between simulated and experimental diffusion profiles validated the experimental method used to manufacture the chemically graded material (CGM). The CGM was then oxidized at 1200°C in air. Surface and cross-section characterization were conducted by SEM/EDS and Raman spectroscopy to identify the oxides formed on the CGM. To accelerate the Raman characterization treatment, a method linking Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and K-means unsupervised clustering algorithm was developed [11–12]. It allowed for the identification of the oxide type without peak indexation issues and is well-suited for CGM. These results show that results similar to well-recognized reference experiments [10] can be achieved using only one CGM.
CRISPR targeting of SNPs associated with Age-related Macular Degeneration in ARPE-19 cells: a potential model for manipulating the complement system
Authors: Salman Ahmed , Song Won Kyung , Storm Tina , McClements Michelle E. , MacLaren Robert E.
Published: August 2024

Age-related Macular degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of vision loss, linked to several predisposing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). CRISPR-mediated genome editing offers the potential to target negatively associated SNPs in an allele-specific manner, necessitating the use of a relevant cell model. The ARPE-19 cell line, with its stable monolayer growth and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) characteristics, is an ideal model for AMD studies. Chronic inflammation and complement system dysregulation are implicated in AMD pathogenesis. Most genetic variations associated with AMD are in complement genes, suggesting their regulatory role. In this study, we conducted targeted PCRs to identify AMD-related SNPs in ARPE-19 cells and used CRISPR constructs to assess allele-specific activity. Guide RNA sequences were cloned into an EF-1-driven SpCas9 vector and packaged into lentivirus. Targeting efficiencies were evaluated with TIDE analysis, and allele-specificity was measured using NGS analysis 30 days post-transduction. Our results showed varying targeting efficiencies based on the guide RNA efficacy. For instance, TIDE analysis of CFH SNPs rs1061170 and rs1410996 revealed efficiencies of 35.5% and 33.8%, respectively. CFB SNP rs4541862 showed efficiencies from 3–36.7%, and rs641153 ranged from 3.4–23.8%. Additionally, allele-specific targeting of AMD-related SNPs rs1061170, rs1410996, rs4541862, and rs641153 ranged from 51–52% in heterozygous differentiated ARPE-19 cells. These findings demonstrate the potential to manipulate the complement system in an AMD model by targeting disease-associated SNPs in an allele-specific manner, offering a promising therapeutic approach.
Comparing Social Stigma of Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and Binge-Eating Disorder: A Quantitative Experimental Study
Authors: Aird Carlye S. , Reisinger Bennett A. A. , Webb Stephanie N. , Gleaves David H.
Published: August 2024

Background:
Currently, little is known on how stigma attributed to eating disorders compares to that of other psychological disorders and additionally within eating disorder subtypes. The current study aimed to explore the stigmatisation of eating disorders by comparing the stigma attributed to anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder, utilising depression as a comparative control.
Methods:
A total of 235 participants from the general population were randomly assigned to an anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder, or depression condition. Participants responded to a questionnaire consisting of several adapted versions of pre-existing subscales that measured levels of stigma associated with psychological disorders generally, as well as stigma associated with eating disorders specifically. Several one-way analyses of variance were conducted to investigate the differences in stigma attributed towards the aforementioned psychological disorders.
Results:
Results suggested that all three eating disorder subtypes were significantly more stigmatised than was depression. Between eating disorder subtypes, the three were generally equivalent except that binge-eating disorder was significantly more stigmatized than both anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa on a subscale measuring trivialness.
Conclusions:
These findings indicate that individuals with eating disorders, including binge-eating disorder, may be at a higher risk of experiencing the negative implications of stigma when compared to other psychological disorders, such as depression. To our knowledge, this study is one of few that directly quantify and compare stigma attributed towards anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorder. Through further research, a better understanding around the expression of stigma toward specific eating disorder subtypes could inform the development of targeted interventions to help reduce the stigma associated with these disorders. This knowledge could also advance the understanding of the lived experience of individuals living with eating disorders, subsequently informing treatment practices.
Exploring Health Promotion Behaviors, Occupational Burnout, and Sleep Disturbances in Traditional Industry Workers
Authors: Yu Ying-Fen , Chang Yi-Ya , Chang Shu-Hung
Published: August 2024

Background
Sleep disturbances can lead to poor job performance, increased work stress and absenteeism, and reduced job satisfaction and confidence among employees. Traditional industry employees experience significantly higher shift work and occupational burnout levels than other sectors. Therefore, this warrants exploring whether shift work, occupational burnout, and health promotion behavior are related to sleep disturbances among traditional industry employees.
Methods
A cross-sectional study with cluster sampling and structured questionnaires was conducted to collect data on the demographics, health promotion behavior, occupational burnout, and sleep disturbances of 365 employees from a traditional industry in Northern Taiwan. The study period was from 15 May 2023 to 17 June 2023. Data analysis was performed using Chi-square tests, independent sample t-tests, and logistic regression.
Results
The prevalence of sleep disturbances among the study subjects was 47.9%, with shift workers accounting for 63.3%. The mean score for the overall health promotion behavior scale was 2.34 ± 0.48, and the mean score for the overall occupational burnout scale was 1.96 ± 1.09. Factors associated with sleep disturbances included shift work, weekly working hours, health promotion behavior, and personal burnout.
Conclusion
We recommend adjusting the regularity of shift schedules and enhancing the lighting environment during night shifts to accommodate shift work, avoiding weekly working hours exceeding 40 hours, improving personal burnout levels, and encouraging the adoption of health-responsible behaviors to reduce sleep disturbances.
How Repeatable is PAPE Effect: The Impact of In-Season Isometric Squat Activation on Countermovement Jump Performance Enhancement in Professional Soccer Players
Authors: Jarosz Jakub , Gaweł Dawid , Grycmann Paweł , Ashenbrenner Piotr , Spieszny Michał , Wilk Michał , Krzysztofik Michał
Published: August 2024

Background
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) induced by isometric squat exercises conditioning activity (CA) on three days after a match would be repeatable and occur during training sessions over a 4-week period during the season among professional soccer players. Additionally, the study aimed to determine whether the magnitude of acute PAPE responses would correlate with match workload monitored by GPS kinematic data.
Methods
Fifteen professional soccer players (competing at the highest level in the Polish Ekstraklasa) participated in the study (mean age: 26.9 ± 4.2 years, body mass: 79.2 ± 6.5 kg, height: 182.1 ± 6.5 cm, experience in soccer training: 11.2 ± 4.2 years, experience in strength training: 10.5 ± 4.6 years, relative maximal strength in squat: 1.84 kg/body mass). Each participant performed one countermovement jump (CMJ) without arm swing about 2 minutes before and approximately 1 minute after one set of isometric squats as CA using the smith machine with a 5-second maximum voluntary isometric contraction at the end of the warm-up.
Results
A two-way ANOVA showed a statistically significant main effect of time, indicating an increase in CMJ height after CA compared to baseline (F = 11.268, p < 0.005, η2p = 0.446), post-hoc test indicated significant increase in CMJ height (Mean difference [MD]=-1.05 ± 0,3 cm; Cohen’s d= -0.222; pbonf = 0.005) post-CA compared to baseline. Although a main effect of session on CMJ height was noted (F = 2.876, p = 0.047, η2p = 0.17), no significant differences between sessions were found upon post-hoc analysis (F = 0.093, p = 0.963, η2p = 0.006). Spearman's rank correlation test, no statistically significant correlation was found between the percentage difference in acute PAPE responses and individual GPS data.
Conclusions
These results indicate a significant increase in CMJ height after isometric CA in each measurement session throughout the four-week season and no correlation between the magnitude of the acute PAPE responses and match workload monitored by GPS kinematic data.
Prognostic Significance of EGFR and TGF-α Expression in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Liu Junping , Antisdel Jastin , Reheman Aikebaier , Lin Zhonghao , Yu Yongqiang
Published: August 2024

Background: The prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is overshadowed by distant metastasis and local failure.
Methods: The expression of EGFR and TGF-α were assessed in tumor samples from 51 patients of NPC. The patients were followed-up for 5 years.
Results: 29 out of 51 NPC cases (56.86%) exhibited EGFR expression, while TGF-α expression was observed in 26 out of 51 tumors (50.98%). Among those with EGFR positivity, 62.07% (18 out of 29) succumbed to the disease, contrasting with only 27.27% (6 out of 22) mortality among patients lacking EGFR staining. Similar trends were observed with TGF-α expression.
A robust association was established between EGFR/TGF-α positivity and patient mortality (p<0.005). And the rates of EGFR and TGF-α staining in the undifferentiated tumor group were significantly higher compared to the well-differentiated group (p<0.005).
Conclusions: These findings underscore the utility of EGFR and TGF-α expression as markers for assessing illness progression and outcomes.
A multiplex PCR system for the detection and quantification of four genetically modified soybean events
Authors: He Yuxuan , Dong Liming , Yan Wei , Xing Zhenjuan , Xia Wei , Li Congcong , Long Likun , Li Feiwu
Published: August 2024

Within the legal framework of a quantitative labeling system for GM events in multiple countries, it is essential to accurately identify and quantitatively analyze specific GM transformation event. This study has established qualitative and quantitative multiplex detection methods for four authorized GM soybean events, enabling precise identification of target GM ingredients in mixed samples with as little as 0.1% (w/w). Additionally, the optimal systems could be compatible with the 3-plex digital PCR platform for quantification. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) are 20 copies and 10 copies, respectively. Furthermore, the 3-plex digital PCR methods are compatible with droplet-based digital PCR platforms and original real-time PCR. They allow for higher throughput and increased sensitivity in the identification and quantification of GM soybean events. These findings provide robust technical support for regulatory oversight within the biotechnology industry.
Predictors of brain metastases in patients with oligometastatic solid tumours treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy
Authors: Fan Kevin Yijun , Jerzak Katarzyna Joanna , Kumar Sudhir , Moravan Veronika , Said Badr Id , Das Sunit , Louie Alexander V. , Soliman Hany , Sahgal Arjun , Chen Hanbo
Published: August 2024

Purpose:
In patients with oligometastatic disease (OMD) treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT), those who develop brain metastases (BrM) may have poor outcomes. We aimed to investigate variables associated with BrM development in this population.
Methods:
Patients with ≤ 5 extracranial metastases from solid tumors treated with SBRT from 2008–2016 at Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre were included. We investigated the association between covariates and CIBrM (cumulative incidence of BrM) using Fine-Gray analysis, and progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) using Cox regression. We investigated the association between extracranial progression and CIBrM using time-based conditional analysis.
Results:
Among 404 patients, the most common primary sites were lung, colorectal, prostate, breast and kidney. Median follow-up was 49 months. Median PFS was 25 months. Median OS was 70 months. 58 patients developed BrM, and 5-year CIBrM was 16%. On multivariable analysis, number of extracranial metastases, location of metastases, total planning target volume (PTV), and time from primary diagnosis to OMD were not associated with CIBrM, although several of these variables were associated with extracranial PFS and OS. Primary site was associated with CIBrM, with colorectal and prostate cancer associated with lower CIBrM compared to lung cancer. Widespread extracranial progression (≥ 5 sites) within 24, 36, 48 and 60 months of OMD diagnosis was independently associated with higher CIBrM.
Conclusion:
In patients with OMD treated with SBRT, baseline variables related to extracranial disease burden and distribution were not associated with BrM development, while primary site and widespread extracranial progression were associated with BrM development.
A Machine Vision-Based Measurement Method for the Concentricity of Automotive Brake Piston Components
Authors: Weinan Ge , Qinghua Li , Wanting Zhao , Tiantian Xu , Shihong Zhang
Published: August 2024

The stability and reliability of the brake system are critically affected by the concentricity error of automotive brake piston components. Traditional contact-based concentricity measurement methods are inefficient. To address the issue of low detection efficiency, a non-contact concentricity measurement method based on the combination of machine vision and image processing technology is proposed in this paper. In this method, an industrial camera is utilized to capture images of the measured part's end face from the top of the spring. Edge contours are extracted through image preprocessing algorithms, the outer circle center is calculated, and the inner circle center is fitted. Finally, the concentricity error is calculated using the coordinates of the two circle centers. Experimental results show that, compared to a coordinate measuring machine(CMM), this method has a maximum error of only 0.0393mm and an average measurement time of just 3.9s. It significantly improves measurement efficiency and meets the industry's demand for automated inspection. The experiments verified the feasibility and effectiveness of this method in practical engineering applications, providing reliable technical support for the online inspection of automotive brake piston components. Additionally, this method can be applied to the concentricity measurement of other complex stepped shaft parts.
Baseline Toxicity for the invasive populations of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda in different districts of Jammu region
Authors: Bali Ranjana
Published: August 2024

Spodoptera frugiperda has invaded Jammu and colonized its populations mainly in sub-tropical regions of Jammu since 2020. This initial discovery served as a stark warning sign, signalling the potential threat posed by this invasive pest to the agricultural landscape of Jammu and Kashmir. The emergence of fall armyworm in Parwah village quickly escalated into a widespread phenomenon, akin to a spark igniting a firestorm, spreading rapidly across the maize-growing districts of Jammu and Kashmir. The insidious nature of fall armyworm allowed it to permeate through various regions of different districts, causing widespread devastation among farmers and their maize crops. Its rapid spread cause havoc among farmers and they start using Chemical spray to control the pest, which shall lead to resistance evolution. In this research, we collected four populations of the pest from Kathua, Samba, Jammu and Rajouri districts of Jammu and Kashmir and tested their susceptibilities to Chloropyrifos, cypermethrin, profenopos and lambdacyhalothrin (total 4 insecticides) in the laboratory. Based on the susceptible baseline calculated from the Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) population, NBAIR, Bangalore. The results of 24, 48 and 72 hours after treatment in present study indicated that chloropyrifos and cypermethrin insecticides showed higher resistance compared to λ-cyhalothrin and profenofos insecticides. Based on the studies of insecticide usage pattern major maize growing districts of Jammu region found as high insecticide resistance area comprising of Kathua, Samba districts, moderate insecticide resistance comprising of Jammu, while low insecticide resistance found in fall armyworm population of Rajouri.
Police perpetrated male child sexual abuse in Bangladeshi street-connected boys
Authors: Siddik Md Abu Bakkar
Published: August 2024

The street-connected adolescents in Bangladesh are one of the most vulnerable demographics. Given the characteristics of their living environment, it is probable that they may experience various sorts of mistreatment, including physical and sexual assault, perhaps even at the hands of law enforcement. The objective of this research was to investigate the lived experiences of street-connected adolescents who have been subjected to sexual assault by policemen. A total of 11 boys participated in this qualitative research. The researchers used applied thematic analysis, a method that adheres to the principles of qualitative description, to identify significant themes after the interview. The study revealed four main themes: physical abuse, sexual abuse, repetitive abuse, and forceful oral and penetration sexual assault. Additionally, it has been shown that the police perpetrators used their position of power to engage in the sexual abuse of adolescents. To protect street-connected youth from sexual abuse by perpetrators, the government must implement appropriate measures. The police department should press charges against those engaged in this crime and provide specialized training for policemen who interact with street-connected young people.
Physico-chemical mechanics as a tool for solving problems of pulp and paper production
Authors: Ермолинский В. Г. , Ковалева О. П.
Published: August 2024

В настоящее время основной задачей многих инвестиционных программ развития целлюлозно-бумажных предприятий является как снижение уровня загрязнения окружающей среды, так и повышение качества выпускаемой продукции, в том числе и на предприятиях, внедривших элементы наилучших доступных технологий. Анализ результатов многочисленных исследований показывает, что эффективность технологий целлюлозы для химической переработки и для производства бумаги, а также высокий уровень и стабильность качества искусственных волокон, изделий из бумаги и картона могут быть достигнуты только при условии учёта специфики процессов структурообразования в дисперсных системах, дисперсионной средой в которых является вода. Кажущийся дуализм в поведении воды сформировался под влиянием различных точек зрения на природу связей в структуре целлюлозных волокон и изделий из них. В теоретических основах физико-химии полимеров воде отводится роль пластификатора, а в основах физико-химической механики воду рассматривают как коагулянт в дисперсной системе. В статье рассматриваются состояние и перспективы применения теоретических воззрений научных школ физико-химии полимеров и физико-химической механики дисперсных систем при модернизации целлюлозно-бумажной и текстильной промышленности.

Currently, the main objective of many investment programs for the development of pulp and paper enterprises is both to reduce the level of environmental pollution and to improve the quality of products, including at enterprises that have introduced elements of the best available technologies. Analysis of the results of numerous studies shows that the effectiveness of cellulose technologies for chemical processing and for paper production, as well as the high level and stability of the quality of artificial fibers, paper and cardboard products can be achieved only if the specifics of the processes of structure formation in dispersed systems in which the dispersion medium is water are taken into account. The apparent dualism in the behavior of water was formed under the influence of different points of view on the nature of the bonds in the structure of cellulose fibers and products made from them. In the theoretical foundations of the physico-chemistry of polymers, water is assigned the role of a plasticizer, and in the fundamentals of physico-chemical mechanics, water is considered as a coagulant in a dispersed system. The article discusses the state and prospects of applying the theoretical views of scientific schools of polymer physics and chemistry and physico-chemical mechanics of dispersed systems in the modernization of the pulp and paper and textile industries.
Exploring the Effects of Intercropping Ornamental Plants on Soil Fertility and Microbial Community in Tea Gardens: Implications for Sustainable Growth and Ecosystem Functioning
Authors: Shi Lingshan , Liu He , Ouyang Xinru , Li Dongliang , Li Qisong , Zhang Jianming , Ji Guowen , Hong Yongcong , Cai Pumo
Published: August 2024

Intercropping of ornamental flowering plants like Lycoris radiata Herb. and Cuphea hookeriana Walp. with tea trees can enhance the visibility and esthetic appeal of tea gardens. However, there has been limited research of the impact of intercropping ornamental flowering plants with tea trees on the soil in tea gardens. During this study, our objective was to analyze the effects of intercropping systems on tea garden soil by examining the physicochemical properties of rhizosphere soil samples from tea gardens intercropped with L. radiata and C. hookeriana. We also performed rhizosphere microbial metagenomic sequencing to assess the microbial community structure. The results revealed significant improvements in soil physicochemical indicators, particularly pH. Although intercropping systems had minor impacts on bacterial diversity and abundance, they had more pronounced effects on the community structure of microorganisms at the phylum and genus levels. Furthermore, an analysis of microbial functions using Functional Annotation of Prokaryotic Taxa (FAPROTAX) revealed enrichment of carbon and nitrogen cycling pathways in the tea garden soil. Our findings indicated that intercropping practices have the potential to enhance the visual appeal of tea gardens while improving soil fertility and modulating the microbial community structure. These results contribute to our understanding of intercropping strategies and the implications of intercropping for tea tree growth and ecosystem functioning.