bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PROGRAM BANTUAN LANGSUNG TUNAI DIMASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Bani F. Edison Doku , Purwatiningsih Annisa , Ghunu Agustinus
Published: July 2023

The Indonesian government minimizes the spread of the Covid-19 Pandemic and improves the welfare of the people in Indonesia by means of the government making new policies on social security programs, one of which is the Village Fund Direct Assistance (BLT-DD). the central government hopes that the distribution of BLT can be carried out in an orderly, fair and precise manner, namely right on target, right people, right time, right process, and right administrative report. This study uses descriptive qualitative methods, data obtained from interviews, observations, and documentation. Based on the results of the study, the implementation of the BLT program policy in the government area of Southwest Sumba Regency went well. the supporting factor in this research is the collaboration between the village government and the community to participate in the distribution of BLT. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factor is the completeness of community documents in the form of family cards (KK) and identity cards (KTP) in receiving BLT, but this can be overcome by the village government so that overall BLT distribution goes well.AsbtrakPemerintah Indonesia meminimalisir penyebaran Pandemi Covid-19 dan peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat di Indonesia dengan cara pemerintah membuat kebijakan baru tentang program jaminan sosial salah satunya adalah Bantuan Langsung Tunai Dana Desa (BLT-DD) Adanya Bantuan BLT-DD diwilayah pemerintahan Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya pemerintah pusat berharap pendistribusian BLT bisa terlaksana secara tertib, adil, dan tepat yaitu tepat sasaran, tepat orang, tepat waktu, tepat proses, dan tepat laporan administrasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif, data yang diperoleh dari hasil wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa Implementasi kebijakan program BLT diwilayah pemerintahan Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya berjalan dengan baik. faktor pendukung dalam penelitian ini adalah kerjasama antara pemerintah Desa dan masyarakat untuk ikut berpartisipasi dalam penyaluran BLT. Sedangkan yang menjadi faktor penghambat adalah kelengkapan dokumen masyarakat yang berupa kartu keluarga (KK) dan kartu tanda penduduk (KTP) dalam menerima BLT namun hal tersebut dapat di atasi oleh pemerintah desa sehingga secara keseluruahan penyaluran BLT berjalan dengan baik.
Effects of flavonoids on SARS–CoV–2 main protease (6W63): A molecular docking study
Authors: ERTAN-BOLELLİ Tugba , BOLELLİ Kayhan , ALTUNAYAR-UNSALAN Cisem , ÜNSALAN Ozan , YILMAZ Bergüzar
Published: July 2023

Public health is still under attack by a worldwide pandemic caused by a coronavirus which is known to cause mainly respiratory and enteric disease in humans. Currently, still limited knowledge exists on the exact action mechanism and biology of SARS‒CoV‒2 although there are several effective vaccines and antiviral treatment. Besides, there is a considerable amount of 3D protein structures for SARS–CoV–2, related to its main protease resolved by X–ray diffraction. Here, we used molecular docking strategy to predict possible inhibitory activities of flavonoids on SARS–CoV–2 Mpro enzyme. For this, 800 flavonoids were retrieved from the ZINC database. Results suggested that avicularin was the lead flavonoid which docked to Mpro with the best binding energy. However, most of flavonoids showed H–bond interactions with Hie–41 and Cys–145 catalytic dyad, which were important residues for the catalytic activity of SARS–CoV–2 Mpro. Strong hydrogen bonding (2.36 Å) with Sγ atom of Cys145 residue was observed. This might suggest an initial formation of covalent bonding. Findings showed that selected flavonoids could be promising inhibitors of this enzyme and have the potential for future therapeutic drugs against COVID–19 after immediate experimental validation and clinical approvals.
Identification of Selisistat Derivatives as SIRT1-3 Inhibitors by in Silico Virtual Screening
Authors: Hasan Yahya , Al-hamashi Ayad
Published: July 2023

Sirtuins family are a Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+) dependent histone deacetylase enzyme. Sirtuins have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases including cancer, neurological disorders and metabolic syndromes, hence sirtuins appointed as a promising therapeutic target for diseases, by regulating of its activity by small molecules modulators. The indole containing selisistat (EX-527) and its derivatives set as the most potent and selective SIRT1 inhibitors. Selisistat showed an effective sirtuin inhibition on various cancer cell line, and has reached the clinical trials for endometriosis and Huntington’s disease. In this study a set of selisistat derivatives were designed and virtually studied by means of molecular docking, ADMET, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Two molecules were showed promising virtual binding affinity on the SIRT1-3 proteins. Compound 1 exhibits stronger in silico SIRT1 and SIRT2 affinities than EX-527, whereas compound 8 prefers SIRT3 binding. The ADMET analysis of the virtually active molecules demonstrated an acceptable drug-like profile and desirable pharmacokinetics properties. The MD simulation analysis revealed that compound 1 had significantly better alignment with SIRT1 and SIRT2 proteins than EX-527 according to Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) and Root Mean Square Fluctuation (RMSF) data, while compound 8 had a perfect alignment and fitting with SIRT3 protein than EX-527.
PERAN KEPEMIMPINAN SUAMI DALAM RUMAH TANGGA POLIGAMI
Authors: Nugroho Rico Setyo
Published: July 2023

Sebuah pernikahan tentu menginginkan mencapai sakinah, mawaddah dan wa rahmah, tak terkecuali dengan rumah tangga poligami. Islam mengatur tentang kepemimpinan suami dalam rumah tangga. Kepemimpinan seorang suami menjadi modal dalam mengarungi rumah tangga poligami. Berbagai masalah dalam rumah tangga poligami menjadi sebab rumah tangga poligami mempunyai kesan yang negatif dalam pandangan masyarakat. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian yang berbasis kajian pustaka dengan mengambil data atau referensi tafsir ayat al-Qurâ€™an tentang kepemimpinan, jurnal-jurnal, buku para praktisi poligami dan artikel-artikel lainnya yang kompeten. Tujuan dari penelitian untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana pentingnya peran kepemimpinan suami yang kuat dalam membina rumah tangga poligami. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran kepemimpinan (Qowwamah) yang kuat dari seorang suami bisa meredam dan meminimalisir problem atau konflik yang dihadapi oleh rumah tangga poligami
Dakwah Islam Di Era Masyarakat 5.0: Peluang Dan Tantangan
Authors: Yunihardi
Published: July 2023

The discussion about Islamic Da'wah in the era of society 5.0 is interesting to study, because society on the one hand, in the Islamic paradigm, always requires the presence of da'wah to guide humans in facing various challenges of life, on the other hand, society is required to continue to be involved in advancing civilization through science. and technology. The world community, including the Muslim community, is required to continue to adapt to various changes, a very new and challenging era of destruction. Technological advances in this era have reached the era of digital intelligent society, after going through various phases of social development throughout history. The emergence of the idea of community 5.0 led the community to be ready to face the flow of changes in habits, lifestyles, means of life, and even orientation. Islamic da'wah again finds and adapts to new challenges and opportunities. The era of society 5.0 requires da'i and da'wah organizations to continue to develop their capabilities, concepts and to strengthen their internal resources so that they are ready to face the phenomenon of change. So it is necessary to make a reference for da'wah in the era of society 5.0 by defining the challenges and opportunities that exist, so that da'wah performance can be optimized to achieve maximum results, in order to contribute to an increasingly new, advanced and developing world civilization.
Host Inflammatory Response in Viral Lower Respiratory Tract Infections: Friend or Foe?
Authors: Moir Hannah
Published: July 2023

Viral lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) are a leading cause of hospitalizations and death worldwide, placing significant pressure on healthcare systems. In this article, two pulmonary critical care specialists explored the prevalence and global burden of viral LRTIs, focusing on recent advancements in understanding the role of dysregulated host immune response and hyper-inflammation. Specifically, they focused on the relevance of alarmin cytokines and their association with adverse patient outcomes. This article reviews the presentations delivered during an industry theater session that took place at the American Thoracic Society (ATS) 2023 International Conference, held in person in Washington, D.C., USA, in May 2023. The primary objective of this session was to provide a comprehensive overview of the impact and burden imposed by severe viral LRTIs. Pratik Sinha, an Assistant Professor in Anesthesiology at Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, USA, provided valuable insights into the drivers behind the progression of viral LRTIs, which result in significant mortality and morbidity, imposing a considerable clinical burden with unmet needs. Nuala Meyer, an Associate Professor of Medicine at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA, shed light on the dysregulated host immune response and hyper-inflammation triggered by viral infections, which serve as key drivers of disease progression and severe patient outcomes. Sinha also discussed the potential role of alarmin cytokines, particularly IL-33, in influencing the severity and progression of respiratory viral infection. These cytokines may also serve as pleiotropic regulators of the host immune response to viral LRTIs.
Penerapan Model Pedagogi Genre dalam Pembelajaran Menulis Puisi pada Mahasiswa PBSI
Authors: Sukini Sukini , Indaryanto Bayu , Rozak Abdul
Published: July 2023

Abstrak. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk meningkatan kemampuan menulis puisi pada mahasiswa PBSI semester II Universitas Widya Dharma dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran Pedagogi Genre dalam pembelajaran puisi. Metode yang digunakan ialah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanÂ  bahwa terdapat peningkatan proses dan hasil pembelajaran menulis puisi dengan diterapkannya model pembelajaran pedagogi genre. Mahasiswa menjadi lebih aktif dan kreatif dalam belajar, komunikatif, terjadi scaffolding, dan terjadi peningkatan kemampuan menulis puisi. Nilai KKM dalam menulis puisi 80, ketuntasan klasikal 80%. Pada masa prasiklus nilai rata-rata mahasiswa 72, tingkat ketuntasan 0%. Setelah diterapkan model pedagogi genre pada siklus I nilai rata-rata meningkat menjadi 79, yang nilainya sama atau lebih dari KKM 25%. Pada siklus II nilai rata-rata mahasiswa 85 yang nilainya sama atau lebih dari KKM 88%. Jadi, penerapan model pembelajaran Pedagogi Genre dapat meningkatkan proses dan hasil pembelajaran menulis puisi pada mahasiswa PBSI.Kata Kunci: model pembelajaran, pedagogi genre, menulis puisi
From Team Nicola to Team Humza: the SNP Leadership Contest 2023 in Perspective
Authors: Mitchell James
Published: July 2023

This article puts the 2023 SNP leadership contest in the context of the changing nature of party leadership, strategy to achieve independence and the backdrop to Nicola Sturgeon’s resignation. The SNP has experienced a radical change in its internal organisation with power concentrated in the leadership and the hollowing out of its internal democratic structures. Each candidate rejected Sturgeon’s proposal that the next UK election should be used as a ‘de facto’ referendum but differed in how prepared the SNP was for a referendum. Efforts to achieve a smooth transition to the outgoing leader’s preferred candidate were undermined when two others stepped forward. In the battle to frame the debate, Humza Yousaf sought to present himself as socially liberal and Kate Forbes, his main opponent, as socially conservative. Forbes initially struggled with this framing but gained ground as the internal party matters rose to prominence and public policy failings came to the fore during the contest with her ‘continuity will not cut it’ theme. Ash Regan, having resigned as a Minister under Nicola Sturgeon, offered robust criticisms especially of the SNP Government’s handling of gender recognition. The contest became as much a vote of confidence in the outgoing leader as a choice about her successor.
İzmirli’nin Hâkîzâde’ye Reddiyesi Çerçevesinde Sarık Sarma İle İlgili Rivâyetlerin Değeri
Authors: Kurt Abdurrahman
Published: July 2023

Osmanlı’nın son dönemi ile Cumhuriyet’in ilk dönemine tanıklık eden İsmail Hakkı İzmirli (1869-1946), Kur’ân ilimleri, kelâm, fıkıh, hadîs, felsefe ve mantık gibi pek çok alanda eser telif etmiş şahsiyetlerdendir. İzmirli, gerek çeşitli kurumlarda yürüttüğü muallimlik, müderrislik, müdürlük, müfettişlik ve azalık gibi görevlerle gerekse kaleme aldığı kitap ve makalelerle büyük bir mücadele vererek içinde bulunduğu devrin siyasî, sosyal, fikrî ve kültürel hayatında zuhûr eden problem ve meselelere çözüm üretip bu alanlarda önemli katkılar sağlamıştır. İzmirli’nin, Sebîlürreşâd ve Cerîde-i İlmiyye gibi önemli mecmualarda muhtelif konulara dair yazılar kaleme alması yaşadığı dönemin meselelerine bağımsız kalmadığını ortaya koymaktadır. Nitekim bu yazılardan biri de “Her Müslüman’ın Sarık Sarması Vâcib midir?” ismiyle Sebîlürreşâd mecmuasında yayınlanan makale olup İzmirli bu makalesinde sarık sarmanın vâcib olduğunu dile getiren bir yazıya cevap vermiş, hadis ve fıkıh ilmi çerçevesinde konunun tahlil ve tenkidini yapmıştır. Bu çalışmada da sarık sarmaya dair rivâyetler, İzmirli’nin Hâkîzâde’ye reddiyesi çerçevesinde incelenecektir.
Contemporary sequential segmental approach to congenital heart disease using four-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging with ferumoxytol: an illustrated editorial
Authors: Yoo Shi-Joon , Perens Gregory , Nguyen Kim-Lien , Yoshida Takegawa , Saprungruang Ankavipar , Van Arsdell Glen S. , Finn J. Paul
Published: July 2023

The ferumoxytol-enhanced 4D MR angiography with MUSIC (Multiphase Steady State Imaging with Contrast) technique provides a single data set that captures dynamic cardiovascular anatomy and ventricular function at the same time. Homogeneous opacification of all cardiovascular structures within the imaging volume allows full sequential segmental approach to the congenital heart diseases without any blind spots. The complex systemic and pulmonary venous anatomy is particularly well captured in the MUSIC. Cinematographic display of multiplanar sectional and 3D volume images is helpful in the morphological identification of the cardiac chambers, the assessment of the dynamic nature of the ventricular outflow tracts, and the assessment of the coronary arterial origins and courses.
An improved method for paleoflood reconstruction from core sediments in the upper Yellow River
Authors: Pang Hongli , Jia Yunxia , Li Fuqiang , Qin Lin , Chen Liying
Published: July 2023

Fluvial deposits represent a sedimentary archive of paleohydrological information, which can be utilized to reconstruct unrecorded floods. A multi-index (grain size, end-member model, and geochemistry elements) approach of core sediments from the upper Yellow River was used to reconstruct its flood history. A high-resolution geochemical profile of the 20.71-m-deep core was obtained by an XRF core scanner. A comparison of sediment grain size with geochemical element ratios indicated that ln(Zr/Ti) can be used as a grain size proxy for the core sediment. Combined with the end-member modeling analysis, the flood energy index (FEI) was constructed to highlight the flood signals and their similar trends with sediment ln(Zr/Ti). Coarsened grain size and increased ln(Zr/Ti) suggested that a high-frequency flood phase appeared to occur in the early Holocene (11–6.5 ka) and late Holocene (3.5–0 ka), while low-frequency floods occurred in the middle Holocene (6.5–3.5 ka). An extreme hydrological phase occurred during 5.8 ka–5.9 ka, which coincided with a sharp increase in sedimentation rates from 0.14 mm/yr to 0.48 mm/yr. The flood activities at the upper reach of the Yellow River are considered to respond to climate variability with the monsoonal shift.
Mediating role of educational environment in the relationship between workload and generic skills of nursing students in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Thi Hoa Huyen , Bui Hien Thi , Phan Hong Anh , Hoang Hue Thi , Hoang Van Lan
Published: July 2023

Students’ learning experiences are considered useful indicators to evaluate the effectiveness of teaching in tertiary education. With limited theory-driven research, this study aimed to examine whether the educational environment is able to mediate the relationship between student workload and generic skills. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1347 nursing students in ten nursing schools across Vietnam from November 2021 to January 2022. The results showed that the total score of the students’ workload and the generic skills were 3.25 ± 0.59 and 3.84 ± 0.56 (possible score: 1-5), respectively. Students were at an “agree” level with statements like “the sheer volume of work to be got through in this course means you can’t comprehend it” and “as results of doing this course, I feel more confident about tackling unfamiliar problem”. Most nursing students rated the educational environment at levels of “more positive educational environment” (N=1018, 75.58%), with a total score of 120.75 ± 20.78 (possible score: 0-200). The educational environment was identified as a mediator in the relationships between the workload and the generic skills. The direct effect on workload was -0.00035 which was not significant (p=0.987) with the generic skills. The indirect effect of workload that passes through the educational environment was -0.07 and is also statistically significant, at p= 0.002. As such, the study suggests that, to enhance students’ generic skills, it is necessary to instruct students in efficient learning strategies to help them manage their academic workload, particularly during unexpected situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, despite the occurrence of a high level of student workload, nursing schools could focus on efficient tactics and interventions to improve the educational environment, which subsequently helps to improve students’ outcomes.
Causal association between serum total bilirubin and cholelithiasis: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Sun Yang , Yang Shaojie , Dai Wanlin , Zheng Zhuyuan , Zhang Xiaolin , Zheng Yuting , Wang Jingnan , Bi Shiyuan , Duan Yunlong , Wu Shuodong , Kong Jing
Published: July 2023

Background

Observational studies about the association between serum total bilirubin and cholelithiasis are inconsistent. Hence, it is essential to reevaluate the association between serum total bilirubin and cholelithiasis and to verify whether such association is causal or not.

Methods

We selected single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are strongly associated with exposure as instrumental variable and conducted a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to explore the causal association between serum total bilirubin and cholelithiasis. We implemented the inverse-variance weighted approach as a primary analysis to combine the Wald ratio estimates. Four additional analyses, namely, MR-Egger regression, weighted median, weighted mode, and MR–pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (PRESSO), were utilized to investigate the causal association and the influence of potential pleiotropy.

Results

A total of 116 SNPs were selected as valid instrumental variables to estimate the causal association of serum total bilirubin on cholelithiasis, and causal association between genetically determined serum total bilirubin and cholelithiasis was demonstrated [beta = 0.10; 95% confident interval (CI), 0.07 to 0.14; p < 0.001]. Likewise, the other methods, namely, the weighted median (beta = 0.12; 95% CI, 0.08 to 0.15; p < 0.001), MR-Egger (beta = 0.11; 95% CI, 0.08 to 0.15; p < 0.001), weighted mode (beta = 0.11; 95% CI, 0.08 to 0.15; p < 0.001), and MR-PRESSO approaches, further confirmed that this result (p = 0.054) indicates similar results. In addition, seven SNPs were selected as instrumental variable to estimate causal association of cholelithiasis on serum total bilirubin, and the result supported the causal effect of cholelithiasis to serum total bilirubin (beta = 0.12; 95% CI, 0.09 to 0.15; p < 0.001). At the same time, the other methods, namely, the weighted median (beta = 0.10; 95% CI, 0.06 to 0.13; p < 0.001), MR-Egger (beta = 0.12; 95% CI, 0.07 to 0.18; p = 0.007), weighted mode (beta = 0.09; 95% CI, 0.03 to 0.14, p = 0.019), and MR-PRESSO methods, further confirmed this result (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Our MR study revealed that the serum total bilirubin was causally associated with the risk of cholelithiasis, and the genetic predisposition to cholelithiasis was causally associated with the increased serum total bilirubin levels.
The severity of valvular heart disease in euthyroid individuals is associated with thyroid hormone levels but not with TSH levels
Authors: Wang Pin , Lu Sen , Yang Yan , Liu Limei , Zhou Guangpeng , Zhu Jieling , Niu Diejing , Wang Yi , Wang Shaohua
Published: July 2023

Background

Abnormal thyroid function is a metabolic disorder and can lead to several complications, including cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we aimed to examine the relationship between clinical traits and outcomes and the thyroid hormone level of euthyroid individuals with valvular heart disease (VHD).

Method

The thyroid function was evaluated in 526 euthyroid VHD patients and 155 healthy control people. As well as clinical indicators were collected and analyzed.

Results

No difference in TSH levels (p>0.05) was recorded; however, fT3, TT3, and TT4 levels were lower in the euthyroid VHD patients than in healthy control(4.3 vs 4.63; 1.37 vs 1.48; 97.7 vs 102.09, respectively, all p<0.05), while the fT4 level was higher (12.91 vs 12.35, p<0.05). Moreover, all showed a continuous trend with the change of NYHA grade which does not consist of the incidence of euthyroid sick syndrome(ESS). Further analysis showed that for every 10-fold increase in BNP, fT4 increases by 83%, fT3 decreases by 30%, and TT3 decreases by 12% after being adjusted for other influencing factors. Meanwhile, adjusted fT4 was correlated with multiple worse clinical indicators, which were influenced by age.

Conclusion

Thyroid hormones are widely regulated in VHD patients even with acceptable cardiac function, except for TSH level. And the adjusted fT4 is related to worse clinical indicators and outcomes which are only recorded in patients under 53 years old.
Expression and function of estrogen receptors and estrogen-related receptors in the brain and their association with Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Sato Kaoru , Takayama Ken-ichi , Inoue Satoshi
Published: July 2023

While estrogens are well known for their pivotal role in the female reproductive system, they also play a crucial function in regulating physiological processes associated with learning and memory in the brain. Moreover, they have neuroprotective effects in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Importantly, AD has a higher incidence in older and postmenopausal women than in men, and estrogen treatment might reduce the risk of AD in these women. In general, estrogens bind to and activate estrogen receptors (ERs)-mediated transcriptional machineries, and also stimulate signal transduction through membrane ERs (mERs). Estrogen-related receptors (ERRs), which share homologous sequences with ERs but lack estrogen-binding capabilities, are widely and highly expressed in the human brain and have also been implicated in AD pathogenesis. In this review, we primarily provide a summary of ER and ERR expression patterns in the human brain. In addition, we summarize recent studies on their role in learning and memory. We then review and discuss research that has elucidated the functions and importance of ERs and ERRs in AD pathogenesis, including their role in Aβ clearance and the reduction of phosphorylated tau levels. Elucidation of the mechanisms underlying ER- and ERR-mediated transcriptional machineries and their functions in healthy and diseased brains would provide new perspectives for the diagnosis and treatment of AD. Furthermore, exploring the potential role of estrogens and their receptors, ERs, in AD will facilitate a better understanding of the sex differences observed in AD, and lead to novel sex-specific therapeutic approaches.
Sewer subsidies from overflows and pipe leaks dominate urban stream solute loads in all storm events
Authors: Forgrave Rebecca K. , Elliott Emily M. , Bain Daniel J.
Published: July 2023

Stream channel burial drastically alters watershed flowpaths by routing surface waters underground and increasing the potential for interactions between stream water and urban infrastructure such as storm and sanitary sewers. While numerous studies have investigated storm event solute loads from urban watersheds, the influences of stream channel burial and sewer overflows are often overlooked. This study uses grab samples and natural abundance stable isotope tracers to quantify the event dynamics of solute concentration-discharge relationships as well as cumulative loads in a buried urban stream. Our results demonstrate that different solutes, as well as different sources of the same solute (atmospheric NO3− and sewer-derived NO3− differentiated by the Δ17O tracer), are delivered via separate watershed flowpaths and thus have different timings within the event and contrasting relationships to flow. This inter-event variability reveals dynamics that result from temporal and spatial heterogeneity in infiltration, exfiltration, and pipe overflows. These results can help guide system-wide infrastructure maintenance as cities seek to meet challenges in sustaining and improving water quality as infrastructural systems age.
Stability of lower limit of air pressure in abandoned coal mine roadways during long-term CAES
Authors: Jiang Jian , Guo Pengyu , Yu Xiaokui , Lin Qili , Li ZhiGuo , Wu Jitao , Wu Jianxun
Published: July 2023

Power supply instability in the grid has been exacerbated by the rapid development of new energy generation methods. Notably, large-scale energy storage is the most practical solution to this problem. Meanwhile, in China, an effective method of reusing the increasing number of abandoned coal mines is urgently required. Accordingly, building compressed air energy storage (CAES) plants along the roadways of abandoned coal mines can serve as a viable energy storage method while repurposing these mines. This study examined the effect of the lower limit of air pressure (LLAP) on the stability of coal mine roadways in CAES applications by considering an ongoing pilot CAES coal mine in Chongqing, China. The findings indicate that the LLAP has a positive correlation with the roadway stability provided the frequency of air injection/extraction and upper limit of air pressure are constant. Over 10 years of CAES operation, a higher LLAP corresponds to less overall deformation of the roadway and top slab subsidence, and smaller plastic zone volume. Furthermore, the first main principle stress also decreases as the LLAP increases. According to the findings of this paper, the LLAP for the actual operation of CAES should be adjusted upwards as appropriate, which help to improve the geological stability of CAES roadways.
Herbivore intraguild interactions decrease ectoparasitoid Bracon nigricans parasitism of Phthorimaea absoluta and responses to tomato volatiles
Authors: Fiaboe Kokou Rodrigue , Yusuf Abdullahi Ahmed , Torto Baldwyn , Khamis Fathiya Mbarak
Published: July 2023

Intraguild interactions are known to trigger competition among phytophagous insects that depend on the same food source, which may have implications on natural enemy performance. Here, we tested the hypothesis that intraguild interactions between the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, and the South American tomato pinworm, Phthorimaea absoluta on the host plant tomato would affect performance of the pinworm ectoparasitoid Bracon nigricans. In oviposition bioassays, P. absoluta females significantly laid more eggs and were attracted to tomato plants infested with T. vaporariorum than uninfested plants. Additionally, T. vaporariorum infestation decreased B. nigricans parasitism on P. absoluta larvae and attraction to tomato plants. In coupled gas chromatography-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) recordings, antennae of P. absoluta and B. nigricans females detected 18 and 15 components, respectively from the herbivore-induced volatiles, which were identified by GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) as green leaf volatiles (GLVs) and terpenes. In dose-response behavioral assays, P. absoluta and B. nigricans responses varied with the composition and concentration of blends and individual compounds tested. Whereas P. absoluta was attracted to GLVs and terpenes, B. nigricans avoided most of these chemicals, especially the GLV (E)-2-hexenal and terpenes δ-3-carene, and (E)-caryophyllene. The results suggest that herbivore intraguild interactions can influence the behavioral ecology and performance of natural enemies which may have evolutionary significance. Also, these specific GLVs and terpenes can be exploited in the management of P. absoluta.
Genome-wide mapping of DNase I hypersensitive sites in pineapple leaves
Authors: Ouyang Kai , Liang Qifu , Miao Li , Zhang Zhiliang , Li Zhanjie
Published: July 2023

Pineapple [Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.] is the most economically important crop possessing crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) photosynthesis which has a higher water use efficiency by control of nocturnal opening and diurnal closure of stomata. To provide novel insights into the diel regulatory landscape in pineapple leaves, we performed genome-wide mapping of DNase I hypersensitive sites (DHSs) in pineapple leaves at day (2a.m.) and night (10a.m.) using a simplified DNase-seq method. As a result, totally 33340 and 28753 DHSs were found in green-tip tissue, and 29597 and 40068 were identified in white-base tissue at 2a.m. and 10a.m., respectively. We observed that majority of the pineapple genes occupied less than two DHSs with length shorter than 1 kb, and the promotor DHSs showed a proximal trend to the transcription start site (>77% promotor DHSs within 1 kb). In addition, more intergenic DHSs were identified around transcription factors or transcription co-regulators (TFs/TCs) than other functional genes, indicating complex regulatory contexts around TFs/TCs. Through combined analysis of tissue preferential DHSs and genes, we respectively found 839 and 888 coordinately changed genes in green-tip at 2a.m. and 10a.m. (AcG2 and AcG10). Furthermore, AcG2-specific, AcG10-specific and common accessible DHSs were dissected from the total photosynthetic preferential DHSs, and the regulatory networks indicated dynamic regulations with multiple cis-regulatory elements occurred to genes preferentially expressed in photosynthetic tissues. Interestingly, binding motifs of several cycling TFs were identified in the DHSs of key CAM genes, revealing a circadian regulation to CAM coordinately diurnal expression. Our results provide a chromatin regulatory landscape in pineapple leaves during the day and night. This will provide important information to assist with deciphering the circadian regulation of CAM photosynthesis.
Fluoro-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography detects Ewing’s sarcoma of the larynx with multiple distant bone metastases: a case report and literature review
Authors: Hu Xianwen , Liao Yan , Wang Rui , Wen Rui , Li Dandan , Wang Pan , Cai Jiong
Published: July 2023

Ewing sarcomas (EWS) are highly malignant neoplasms of mesenchymal origin that are rare in the head and neck. Only a few laryngeal EWS have been reported in the literature. We report a 47 years-old man who visited our hospital for medical help after 5 months of hoarseness and sore throat. Computed tomography (CT) showed uneven thickening of the epiglottis fold, right vocal cord, and anterior union. In addition, fluoro-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET)/CT has confirmed high activity in the already known laryngeal and nodal lesions, and has revealed otherwise unknown skeletal metastases. We also reviewed the published clinical features, histopathology, and imaging findings of nine patients with laryngeal EWS confirmed by pathology. The main clinical manifestations of laryngeal EWS are rapidly growing lumps, hoarseness, acute respiratory distress, and aphonia. The EWS tumor cells usually express CD99, vimentin, synaptophysin (Syn), and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) but do not express common antigen (LCA), CD20, and chromaffin granin (CgA). Laryngeal EWS’ CT imaging characteristics are mainly homogeneous, well-bounded soft-tissue masses. Our case suggests that EWS should be considered a differential diagnosis of laryngeal cancer, especially when PET/CT reveals distant bone metastasis, which is more likely to indicate EWS.
Environmental heterogeneity shapes the C and S cycling-associated microbial community in Haima's cold seeps
Authors: Chen Yu , Dai Tianjiao , Li Niu , Li Qiqi , Lyu Yuanjiao , Di Pengfei , Lyu Lina , Zhang Si , Li Jie
Published: July 2023

Environmental heterogeneity in cold seeps is usually reflected by different faunal aggregates. The sediment microbiome, especially the geochemical cycling-associated communities, sustains the ecosystem through chemosynthesis. To date, few studies have paid attention to the structuring and functioning of geochemical cycling-associated communities relating to environmental heterogeneity in different faunal aggregates of cold seeps. In this study, we profiled the microbial community of four faunal aggregates in the Haima cold seep, South China Sea. Through a combination of geochemical and meta-omics approaches, we have found that geochemical variables, such as sulfate and calcium, exhibited a significant variation between different aggregates, indicating changes in the methane flux. Anaerobic methanotrophic archaea (ANME), sulfate-reducing, and sulfide-oxidizing bacteria (SRB and SOB) dominated the microbial community but varied in composition among the four aggregates. The diversity of archaea and bacteria exhibited a strong correlation between sulfate, calcium, and silicate. Interspecies co-exclusion inferred by molecular ecological network analysis increased from non-seep to clam aggregates and peaked at the mussel aggregate. The networked geochemical cycling-associated species showed an obvious aggregate-specific distribution pattern. Notably, hydrocarbon oxidation and sulfate reduction by ANME and SRB produced carbonate and sulfide, driving the alkalization of the sediment environment, which may impact the microbial communities. Collectively, these results highlighted that geofluid and microbial metabolism together resulted in environmental heterogeneity, which shaped the C and S cycling-associated microbial community.
Infection with a novel polymycovirus enhances growth, conidiation and sensitivity to UV-B irradiation of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae
Authors: Wang Ping , Yang Guogen , Lu Hanwen , Huang Bo
Published: July 2023

Metarhizium anisopliae is a well-studied entomopathogenic fungus that is widely used in biological control programs. The presence of polymycoviruses in this fungus is common, but their effects on fungal development and stress tolerance are not well understood. In this study, we report the discovery of a novel double-stranded RNA virus, named Metarhizium anisopliae polymycovirus 1 (MaPmV1), which comprises four dsRNAs ranging from 2.4 to 1.4 kbp in length. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that MaPmV1 belongs to the Polymycoviridae family. Biological comparison between MaPmV1-infected (Vi) and -free (Vf) isogenic lines showed that MaPmV1 remarkably enhances the growth rate and conidiation of the host fungus. The upregulation of growth- and conidiation-related genes in Vi strains supports this finding. In addition, MaPmV1 increases the sensitivity of the host to UV-B irradiation, which is evidenced by the downregulation of DNA damage repair genes in Vi strains. However, MaPmV1 does not appear to have any significant impact on the virulence of M. anisopliae. Furthermore, overexpression of individual viral proteins in M. anisopliae did not result in any significant phenotypic alterations, indicating that MaPmV1-mediated changes are not related to a single viral protein. Overall, our findings suggest that mycoviruses can be exploited to enhance fungal development in entomopathogenic fungi, which may lead to improved conidium production on a large scale.
Crosstalk between ferroptosis and steroid hormone signaling in gynecologic cancers
Authors: Lai Wen , Chen Jianquan , Wang Tianming , Liu Qiaoling
Published: July 2023

Ferroptosis is a novel types of regulated cell death and is widely studied in cancers and many other diseases in recent years. It is characterized by iron accumulation and intense lipid peroxidation that ultimately inducing oxidative damage. So far, signaling pathways related to ferroptosis are involved in all aspects of determining cell fate, including oxidative phosphorylation, metal-ion transport, energy metabolism and cholesterol synthesis progress, et al. Recently, accumulated studies have demonstrated that ferroptosis is associated with gynecological oncology related to steroid hormone signaling. This review trends to summarize the mechanisms and applications of ferroptosis in cancers related to estrogen and progesterone, which is expected to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of gynecologic cancers.
Features of event-related potentials during retrieval of episodic memory in patients with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Wang Yingying , Ye Xing , Song Bo , Yan Yixin , Ma Wenyin , Shi Jingping
Published: July 2023

Objective

To provide a rigorous comparison between patients with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer’s disease (MCI-AD) and healthy elderly, as well as to assess the value of electroencephalography (EEG) in terms of early diagnosis, we conducted a neutral image recognition memory task involving individuals with positive biomarkers including β amyloid deposition, pathologic tau or neurodegeneration.

Methods

The task involving study and test blocks was designed to evaluate participants’ recognition memory. Electroencephalogram was recorded synchronously to elicit event-related potentials in patients with MCI-AD and healthy control subjects. We further analyzed differences between groups or conditions in terms of behavioral performance, time domain, and time-frequency domain.

Results

The MCI-AD cohort showed a slower response time to old/new images and had low accuracy regarding behavioral performance. The amplitude of the late positive complex for the old/new effects was significantly suppressed in the MCI-AD cohort when compared with that in the HC cohort. The amplitude of the late old/new effects was correlated with the Auditory Verbal Learning Test recognition score in all participants. The time-frequency domain analysis revealed that correct recognition of old items elicited a decrease in beta power, mainly limited to the HC cohort. Moreover, the combination of behavioral (processing speed and accuracy) and electrophysiological (average amplitude and relative power of delta band) measures contributes to classifying patients with MCI-AD from healthy elderly people.

Conclusion

Changes of old/new effects, accuracy and response time are sensitive to the impairment of recognition memory in patients with MCI-AD and have moderate value in predicting the incipient stage of AD.
Identification of key genes and therapeutic drugs for cocaine addiction using integrated bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Wang Xu , Sun Shibin , Chen Hongwei , Yun Bei , Zhang Zihan , Wang Xiaoxi , Wu Yifan , Lv Junjie , He Yuehan , Li Wan , Chen Lina
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Cocaine is a highly addictive drug that is abused due to its excitatory effect on the central nervous system. It is critical to reveal the mechanisms of cocaine addiction and identify key genes that play an important role in addiction.

Methods

In this study, we proposed a centrality algorithm integration strategy to identify key genes in a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network constructed by deferential genes from cocaine addiction-related datasets. In order to investigate potential therapeutic drugs for cocaine addiction, a network of targeted relationships between nervous system drugs and key genes was established.

Results

Four key genes (JUN, FOS, EGR1, and IL6) were identified and well validated using CTD database correlation analysis, text mining, independent dataset analysis, and enrichment analysis methods, and they might serve as biomarkers of cocaine addiction. A total of seventeen drugs have been identified from the network of targeted relationships between nervous system drugs and key genes, of which five (disulfiram, cannabidiol, dextroamphetamine, diazepam, and melatonin) have been shown in the literature to play a role in the treatment of cocaine addiction.

Discussion

This study identified key genes and potential therapeutic drugs for cocaine addiction, which provided new ideas for the research of the mechanism of cocaine addiction.
Manilkara zapota “chicozapote” as a fruit source of health-beneficial bioactive compounds and its effects on chronic degenerative and infectious diseases, a review
Authors: Rivas-Gastelum Maria Fernanda , Garcia-Amezquita Luis Eduardo , Garcia-Varela Rebeca , Sánchez-López Angélica Lizeth
Published: July 2023

Manilkara zapota “chicozapote” is an autochthonous evergreen tree from the Southern regions of Mexico, Belize, and Guatemala. Currently, it is widely distributed and extensively grown in Mexico and Southeast Asia. Traditionally, different structures of the plant have been used for medical purposes; seeds have diuretic and purgative properties, aiding in digestive complications and eliminating bladder and kidney stones. Tree bark has antidiarrheal, antipyretic, antibiotic, and astringent properties. Fruits and leaves have been used to treat cold, cough, diarrhea, indigestion, fever, hemorrhages, wounds, and ulcers. Chicozapote fruit is yellow and brown, with an oval shape and rough peel, it is an excellent source of nutrients, such as sugars, proteins, amino acids, and minerals, and is rich in phytochemical components, such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, and tannins. These bioactive compounds exert several biological activities, i.e., as an antioxidant, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, and anti-arthritic agents, to name a few. These beneficial properties assist in preventing chronic and degenerative diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, neurological, infectious, and cardiovascular diseases. The use of chicozapote is still limited to its fresh form, and its non-edible structures produce a lot of waste. Therefore, an alternative valorizing and preserving strategy is to use the fruit as a raw source to design functional foods and pharmacological products. Here, the nutritional and phytochemical profiles and the current view regarding methodologies and conditions, for the extraction and characterization of its bioactive compounds, are described, and focus is placed on their multiple biological effects and specific functional mechanisms.
Altered expression of AXL receptor tyrosine kinase in gastrointestinal cancers: a promising therapeutic target
Authors: Pidkovka Nataliya , Belkhiri Abbes
Published: July 2023

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers that include all cancers of the digestive tract organs are generally associated with obesity, lack of exercising, smoking, poor diet, and heavy alcohol consumption. Treatment of GI cancers typically involves surgery followed by chemotherapy and/or radiation. Unfortunately, intrinsic or acquired resistance to these therapies underscore the need for more effective targeted therapies that have been proven in other malignancies. The aggressive features of GI cancers share distinct signaling pathways that are connected to each other by the overexpression and activation of AXL receptor tyrosine kinase. Several preclinical and clinical studies involving anti-AXL antibodies and small molecule AXL kinase inhibitors to test their efficacy in solid tumors, including GI cancers, have been recently carried out. Therefore, AXL may be a promising therapeutic target for overcoming the shortcomings of standard therapies in GI cancers.
Solitary fibrous tumor with IGF-II-induced non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia: a case report and molecular characterization by next-generation sequencing
Authors: Niedra Helvijs , Konrade Ilze , Peculis Raitis , Isajevs Sergejs , Saksis Rihards , Skapars Roberts , Sivins Armands , Daukste Beate Elizabete , Mezaka Dace , Rovite Vita
Published: July 2023

Background

Non-islet cell tumor-induced hypoglycemia (NICTH) is a rare, life-threatening medical condition caused by excessive insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) secretion from tumors of most commonly mesenchymal origin. Using next-generation sequencing, we have characterized the genome and transcriptome of the resected IGF-II-secreting solitary fibrous tumor from a patient with severe hypoglycemia accompanied by hypoglycemia unawareness.

Case presentation

A 69-year-old male patient presenting with abdominal discomfort was examined using computer tomography, revealing a large lesion at the lesser pelvis extending above the umbilicus. As no bone and lymph node metastases were detected, the patient was scheduled for laparotomy. Before surgery, the patient presented with symptoms of severe hypoglycemia. Suppressed C-peptide levels and subsequent hypokalemia indicated a possible case of NICTH. The patient was treated with methylprednisolone (8 mg) to assess hypoglycemia. After the surgery, mild hypoglycemia was present for the postoperative period, and no radiological recurrences were observed 3 and 12 months after discharge. Histopathological examination results were consistent with the diagnosis of malignant solitary fibrous tumor (SFT). Overexpression of IGF-II was confirmed by both immunohistochemistry and RNA sequencing. Further NGS analysis revealed an SFT characteristic alteration—NAB2-STAT6 fusion. Additionally, three deleterious missense variants were detected in oncogenes BIRC6, KIT, and POLQ, and one homozygous in-frame deletion in the RBM10 tumor suppressor gene.

Conclusion

While the NAB2-STAT6 fusions are well characterized, the mutational landscape of SFTs remains understudied. This study reports the importance of NGS to characterize SFTs as we detected four coding variants in genes (BIRC6, KIT, POLQ, and RBM10) associated with tumorigenesis that could potentially contribute to the overall pathogenesis of SFT.