bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Covariant Isobar Model for K+Λ Electroproduction
Authors: Sakinah S , Mart T
Published: October 2019

Kaon electroproduction process e + p → e′ + K
+ Λ has been investigated by using a covariant isobar model constructed from the appropriate Feynman diagrams. The corresponding propagators and vertex factors are obtained from our previous analysis. For the electromagnetic form factor we adopt the standard dipole one with the cuttoff considered as a free parameter. We include nucleon resonances with spins up to 9/2. All nucleon resonances listed in the particle listings of the Particle Data Group are considered in this investigation. The unknown parameters, including the electromagnetic and hadronic coupling constants,are extracted by fitting the predicted observables to the currently available experimental data.
The Influence of Light Wavelengths Toward the Growth of Brassica rapa L.
Authors: Maiza Rizky , Kurnia Daniel
Published: October 2019

This research aims to analyze the influence of wavelength from light source on growth of Brassica rapa L (pak choi). The lamps used in the research were 11-watt UV light, 8-watt white LED light, red LED light, green and blue 3-watt LED lights, and 150-watt infrared light, placed in boxes except infrared one. The irradiation was done in the growth box made from cardboard with size of 23 cm × 27 cm × 40 cm for 9 hours every day. The measurement done was a biometric measurement by measuring stem height, leaves width and their numbers. The observations were done for 14 days starting from the first day of planting. From the measurement result, the pak choi can grow well on white LED light. While in other light sources, it cannot grow well due the lack in wavelength needed by the plant. The experiment was further carried out by combining white LED light with blue, red and UV. The growth box was made larger with a size of 40 cm × 27 cm × 46 cm. The experimental result showed that all pak choi plants can grow well. Light using a combination of lights was useful in the development and the growth of pak choi. From the three treatments, pak choi with white LED light and UV showed faster growth for width, length and number of leaves.
The Parameterized Post-Friedmannian Framework for Nonminimal Derivative Coupling with General Cosmological Perturbation Metric
Authors: Widiyani Agustina , Marliana  , Suroso Agus , Zen Freddy P
Published: October 2019

We study the parameterization of cosmological model where derivative of an additional scalar field coupled to curvature tensor. We extend the Parameterized Post-Friedmannian framework for interacting dark energy theories to the model. Starting from general cosmological perturbation metric, we derive perturbed energy-momentum tensor for scalar field and parameterized the tensor. Based on the value of the parameters, we compare the model with relevant models in current literature. As the results, we find that parameterization for type 1 theories of dark energy which is explicitly coupled to dark matter, gives only 4 non-zero Parameterized Post-Friedmannian coefficients.
Tumor Control Probability (TCP) and Normal Tissue Complication Probability (NTCP) with Consideration of Cell Biological Effect
Authors: Nuraini Rany , Widita Rena
Published: October 2019

In radiotherapy, Tumor Control Probability (TCP) is a parameter used to calculate the percentage of tumor killing, while its effect on normal tissue damage describe by Normal Tissue Complication Probability (NTCP). Both TCP and NTCP depend on fractionation and cell biological effects such as repopulation, repair, redistribution and re-oxygenation. It also depends on the statistical distribution model used. One model that can review the biological effects of cells is the Poisson model. In this research, we modified the Poisson model by considering the four biological effects mentioned above on TCP and only the effect of repair on NTCP. The objective of this research is to investigate the most dominant effect that influences TCP value and the effect of repair on NTCP. The results show that the effect of repair and repopulation cause tumor cells cannot be erased completely while the effects of resenitization (re-oxygenation and redistribution) can facilitate tumor cells to die. It can be seen that the most dominant biological effect is the repair effect on the tumor. This effect can be minimized by reducing the length of dose delivery time. Furthermore, the repair effect on normal tissue can reduce the value of NTCP about 9% compared with other models. By using the ISO-NTCP curve we also get the spinal cord repair time after 15 hours.
Preliminary Assessment of Tidal Stream Power Using 3-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Model in the Lembeh Strait
Authors: Naufal A , Suprijo T , Yosi M , Yusar D
Published: October 2019

This paper provides a preliminary assessment of potential energy of tidal currents in the Lembeh Strait, North Sulawesi. Using two and three dimensional ocean hydrodynamic model, the assessment was done. A nesting method has been applied in order to simulate tidal currents in the Sulawesi Sea and the Lembeh Straits. Three dimensional simulation results at the Lembeh straits was validated using observation data, which are obtained from filed measurement campaign on 3 to 23 April 2016. Estimation of tidal current or tidal stream power was focused in the Lembeh Straits. The simulation results show power density during a tidal cycle can reach maximum value about 72.346,23 W/m2 at full moon condition. This amount of power is stored in the area between Sarena Island and Sulawesi Island. The result of tidal stream power estimation also reveals strong tidal currents that associated with maximum power occur during flood tide condition.
Thermoelectric Performance of Ge0.99-xNa0.01AgxSe
Authors: Gustiani V F , Septiany L , Nugroho A A , Blake G R
Published: October 2019

Doped GeSe has theoretically been predicted to exhibit ultralow thermal conductivity that yields a high figure of merit (ZT) of 2.6 at 800K. However, experimental studies of the thermoelectric performance of GeSe have received little attention due to poor doping efficiency. Doping GeSe with Na is reported to reduce its thermal conductivity due to the growth of Na-rich precipitates, but the electrical resistivity remains too high. In order to suppress both thermal conductivity and resistivity, a co-doping approach was used by introducing Na and Ag. Characterization using scanning electron microscopy indicates the presence of both Ag- and Na-rich precipitates within the GeSe matrix. The resistivity decreases by ∼6 times at high temperature with increasing Ag concentration. However, the thermal conductivity only decreases by ∼1.5 times after Ag doping of about 0.5%. The Seebeck coefficient remains constant with doping at high temperature. Overall, the thermoelectric performance of Na,Ag co-doped GeSe is optimum at around 0.5 mol% of Ag.
CRYO System for studying bioimpedance properties of biological tissue and fluid during cryosurgical operation
Authors: Korolyuk E S , Brazovskii K S
Published: October 2019

This paper presents a cheap and compact system designed to study the impedance properties of the examined objects. This system can be used in medicine to carry out imaging of biological tissue during the cold for operations. One of the main problems of cold application in medicine is the difficulty in determining the boundaries and depth of the cryogenic effect. This problem arises due to the individual characteristics of the tissue, different cooling rates and high temperature gradients during freezing. In order to increase the accuracy in determining the boundaries and depth of the cryogenic effect, the impedance properties of liquid and muscle tissue have been studied. Based on the data obtained from the developed system for the study of impedance properties, based on the AD5933 impedance meter, the obtained data were analyzed at temperatures ranging from minus 18 to plus 25 degrees Celsius in the frequency range from 1 to 100 kHz.
Study of the aerodynamic parameters of the installation, generating wind flow in open space
Authors: Duisenbayeva M S , Neshina Y G , Sh Madi P , Abiljanova F B , Duyssembina A G , Kenzhebek A S
Published: October 2019

The article is devoted to the study of the aerodynamic parameters of the installation, causing wind flow in open space. In the open space, a model of an aerodynamic installation which creates an uneven wind flow rate is presented. To determine the speed at each distance using an aerodynamic model, creating a jet wind, an experiment was conducted. The results of experimental studies to determine the speed when changing the flow rate and rotation number at a distance from 10 cm to 130 cm from the propeller model are given. Experimentally found to reduce the speed in the stream, distributed from the propeller, when y = + 10 cm, y=-10 cm, with increasing distance, and the axial velocity in the stream, distributed from the propeller.
Theoretical foundations of industrial safety in modern conditions
Authors: Borisov A I
Published: October 2019

The service sector in the industrialized countries throughout the world has taken a leading position in the socio-economic life. Thereby, ensuring the improvement of the provided service quality and the expansion of service range are becoming a nationwide business. Service is the economy development as well as the public employment and the basis of stability in society. Moreover, service should be under control; and one of the most efficient ways to provide it with supervision is an expert review. In all countries with a market economy, such expert review (the notion of “inspection” is used abroad) has long taken its place and its influence on the regulation of production activities is quite favorable [1].
Numerical simulation of non-destructive remote field eddy current testing of rolled metal tubes
Authors: Efimov A G , Kanter B M , Kuzelev N R , Martyanov E V , Shubochkin A E
Published: October 2019

The distinctive feature of remote field eddy current method is the ability of detecting defects on the external (with respect to the eddy current transducer) side of the tested object, which is impossible for the classical eddy current method due to the limited eddy current penetration depth. The basics of the method were considered, the distinctive features were presented, and the advantages and disadvantages of remote field eddy current testing of metals were pointed out. A numerical simulation with the subsequent analysis of the obtained results has been carried out, the probe design for remote field eddy current testing is given. The influence of various factors on the change in the added voltage of the eddy current probe in the presence of a defect in the external wall of the tube was considered. Expressions that determine the optimal ratio of the diameters of the probe and the tested product were obtained. The values of the test parameters and the limiting wall thickness of the tested ferromagnetic product were determined.
Usage of dual-channel radiation thermometers in dusty environment
Authors: Chernysheva N S , Ionov A B , Ionov B P
Published: October 2019

The article presents the simulation results of noncontact temperature measurements uncertainty (in the measurement range of 350…750 °C), which were performed using dual-channel radiation thermometers through a cloud of clinker dust in the cases of different dust concentrations. It is shown that the use of dual-channel spectral ratio radiation thermometers is more efficient compared to single-channel measuring instruments. According to the simulation study the best results in terms of the uncertainty level of dual-channel radiation thermometer were obtained by the using in its design the couple of a wide-band and a narrow-band measuring sensors. It is proven that in order to cover the entire temperature range of 350…750°C with an acceptable level of uncertainty, it is advisable to utilize the dual-channel radiation thermometer in the combined single-channel and dual-channel mode of operation.
Numerical simulation of electromagnetic-acoustic transformation using Jiles-Atherton magnetic hysteresis model
Authors: Myshkin Yu V , Volkova L V
Published: October 2019

The paper presents the results of numerical simulation of electromagnetic-acoustic transformation using Jiles-Atherton magnetic hysteresis on the example of excitation and reception of a transverse wave through the thickness of the reference block CO-2 based on the W-shaped magnetic core and inductor in the form of a meander coil with in-phased conductors. Distributions and graphs of time dependence for the magnetic field, the field of eddy currents and the field of elastic deformations are given in comparison with the classical modeling approaches. Satisfactory convergence of the simulation results with experimental data was established by the example of the signal received by the inductor, the distribution of the normal component of the magnetic flux density in the gap of inductor positioning and the calculated double transformation coefficient.
Fiber optic sensor systems for non-destructive monitoring of “smart buildings”
Authors: Gizeev M M , Denisenko P E , Lipatnikov K A , Kuznetsov A A , Denisenko E P
Published: October 2019

The article presents the solution of the actual problem of complex monitoring of external influence parameters for urban infrastructure facilities of a “smart” city. The main characteristics of fiber-optic sensors and their sensing systems are shown. Their advantages over traditional technologies for the development of monitoring directions in “smart” cities are indicated. Solutions using fiber-optic sensor networks based on quasi-distributed systems are presented.
Effect of averaging of high-resolution cardiac signals in medical diagnostics using Simson’s method
Authors: Wenjia Guo , Ivanov M L , Turushev N V , Avdeeva D K , Yuzhakov M M
Published: October 2019

Simson’s method employed in cardiological diagnostics detects the presence or absence of late ventricular potentials to indicate cardiac pathologies. It has been a long time since the development of Simson’s method, but it is still used in clinics and is often mentioned in studies related to high-resolution ECGs and averaging of ECG signals. An optimal algorithm of high-resolution ECG averaging was chosen and implemented in this study. Efficiency of Simson’s method was assessed on the cardiac signal recorded using a modern hardware and software complex. The result of the study showed no relationship between late ventricular potentials and localized micropotentials on the ST interval in individual cardiac pulses.
Quality control of protective polymer coatings on metal by acoustic method
Authors: Krasheninnikov A I , Luchnikov A P , Nazarenko A A , Yu Dalskaya G , Chernova N I
Published: October 2019

An acoustic method for quality control of adhesive compounds of polymer coating on metal in the coating—positive system qualitatively characterizing the value of the adhesive bond is proposed. Ultrasonic measuring cell is considered as a resonant system, the parameters of which are determined by the properties of all the parameters of the layered structure at the same properties of the piezoelectric sensor and acoustic contact. The coating adhesion is evaluated on the basis of the parameters of the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the studied layered structure of the composite coating according to the humming dependences of the adhesion — reflection coefficient the wave. The technique allows to control the processes of polymerization of organic coatings in the process of their formation.
Optical strength of the material under conditions of high-power pulsed radiation
Authors: Mkrtychev O V
Published: October 2019

The stochastic nature of the laser-induced destruction of transparent materials under the action of high-power pulsed laser radiation was simulated using the Weibull statistical distribution in order to predict the optical strength dynamics of the irradiated surface. Theoretical and experimental studies of the optical strength of glass composites were conducted, taking into account the stochastic properties of the breakdown of nano-scale coatings under the action of a single high-power pulsed laser radiation. Coatings were obtained by sol-gel method. As a radiation source, we used a solid-state laser on a yttrium-aluminum garnet doped with neodymium ions (YAG-Nd laser) which generated laser pulses at wavelength of 1.064 μm with duration of 30 ns with energy of up to 0.15 J and with duration of 300 μs with energy of 1.2 J The authors proposed an algorithm for determining the optical strength of the irradiated material by the breakdown stress of the material. It is proposed to determine the breakdown stress by comparing the experimental and simulated dependences of stress, temperature, and reliability of the surface of the irradiated material. Based on the proposed measurement technique, experimental studies were conducted and an algorithm was developed for determining the optical strength of coatings.
Digital technologies in non-destructive testing
Authors: Ponomarev A V , Ponomareva O V
Published: October 2019

This paper considers the problems of development and application of digital technologies in non-destructive testing (NDT). Conducting NDT is represented as some generalized information process. A specific object is represented in the form of digital stages: obtaining accessible, reliable and sufficient information about the properties and state of the object of testing, processing the received primary information, analyzing the processed information, making decisions about further actions with the testing object. In the paper at the system level, the formalization of an urgent and important scientific problem is proposed-the problems of developing digital technology (technologies) for each of the stages of the NDT information process. It is shown that a systematic approach to resolving a problem allows one to formulate a morphological, functional and informational description of the problem, as well as to find hypotheses for solving the problem by carrying out a sequence of operations that solve the problem. A universal structural scheme has been developed for solving scientific problems in the development of digital technologies at the stages of the NDT information process. An example of the practical application of the above approach for one of the NDT methods-functional vibro-acoustic diagnosis of objects is given.
Controlling the operation of the intelligent generator and energy translator integrated from space and planetary objects as the elements of a power plants in space (in orbit)
Authors: Grabchak E P , Bortalevich S I , Loginov E L , Soldatov A I
Published: October 2019

The author analyzes problems of using artificial intelligence based of monitoring systems and management, as well as the opportunities of operating performance parameters of networks transporting energy resources within a quasi-integrated electric power super-system of the gigawatt level, the space part of which consists of distributed satellite formations as quasi-integrated segments of orbital power stations. In this case, you must consider the increasing presence of intelligent control devices (e.g., cyber-physical device conversion and switching energy, intelligent management system, open service platform, etc.). The author offers to predict the dynamic characteristics of the integrated quasi-integrated electric power super-system when analyzing the interrelations of metastable states in the processes of obtaining energy from objects of space power generation in the microwave, laser or other mode and converting it into electric power by ground installations.
Using artificial intelligence to optimize intermodal networking of organizational agents within the digital economy
Authors: Bahtizin A R , Bortalevich V Y , Loginov E L , Soldatov A I
Published: October 2019

The problems of forming a digital economy supersystem have been analyzed by the authors using a key business model of sharing digital assets by organizational agents based on the convergence of telematic, computing and information services with the final output of a complex of managed digital objects to a new quality control based on the M2M principle integration. The integration of standardized network infrastructures allows the transformation of traditional linear-hierarchical chains of management transactions in a network of transactions of digital objects that perform intelligent interaction without human intervention through IP-like connections. The introduction of universal shells of any business process from the processing of primary data to processing in the deep region with the use of advanced multi-agent optimization algorithms of the next [after 3G] generation [based on 4G, 5G, etc.], implemented within the electronic micro-, meso-and macrocontent allows us to ensure the stability of the super system within the optimal values of the activities of controlled digital objects due to the increased possibilities of observation and control.
Using wavelet transforms to suppress light interference in the optoelectronic monitoring system of the weft thread break
Authors: Morgunov Yu Yu , Yakunin A G
Published: October 2019

The article presents the results of studies on interference suppression in optoelectronic methods for monitoring weft thread weaving looms on the basis of linear image sensors caused by inhomogeneities of the background created by sources of natural or artificial light sources in a controlled image scene. Existing solutions that use linear or nonlinear filtering are focused primarily on the processing of two-dimensional images on personal computers and are unsuitable for use in embedded applications. In particular, their use is also ineffective for solving the above problem, when the useful signal is defined as the difference between the output signals of the photodetector taken at a fixed time interval. As studies have shown, in this case, the best result is the use of discrete wavelet-transform.
A fruits recognition system based on a modern deep learning technique
Authors: Thi Phuong Chung Dang , Van Tai Dinh
Published: October 2019

The popular technology used in this innovative era is Computer vision for fruit recognition. Compared to other machine learning (ML) algorithms, deep neural networks (DNN) provide promising results to identify fruits in images. Currently, to identify fruits, different DNN-based classification algorithms are used. However, the issue in recognizing fruits has yet to be addressed due to similarities in size, shape and other features. This paper briefly discusses the use of deep learning (DL) for recognizing fruits and its other applications. The paper will also provide a concise explanation of convolution neural networks (CNNs) and the EfficientNet architecture to recognize fruit using the Fruit 360 dataset. The results show that the proposed model is 95% more accurate.
The Effect of Agricultural Waste Nanocellulose on The Properties of Bioplastic for Fresh Fruit Packaging
Authors: Iriani E S , Permana A W , Yuliani S , Kailaku S I , Sulaiman A A
Published: October 2019

Despite the high production rate of Indonesian exotic fruits, the export rate has not been as high as desired. One of the main problems in exporting fresh fruits is the control of shelf-life during transportation and distribution. The use of active packaging has been reported to overcome this problem. Bioplastic bags are potential for this purpose, not only to extend the shelf-life, but also to create an environmentally friendly packaging. The objective of this research was to study the effects of the reinforcement of nancellulose obtained from rice straw and palm empty fruit bunch on the properties of bioplastic. Nanocellulose from rice straw and palm empty fruit bunch were produced using top-down method and blended with bioplastic pellets to produce bioplastic bags. Bags being analyzed for mechanical properties, morphological structure and permeability. The treatment including palm empty fruit bunch Bioplastic; rice straw bioplastics; commercial bioplastic, polypropylene and low density polyethylene plastic bags. Result study showed that bioplastic bags reinforced with palm empty fruit bunch nanocellulose had 23.30% higher tensile strength and 24.76% higher elongation compared with commercial bioplastics, while rice straw nanocellulose reinforcement only increased the tensile strength by 8.51% and did not improve the elongation. The Water Vapor Transmission Rate (WVTR) of bioplastic bags reinforced with rice straw and palm empty fruit bunch nanocellulose respectively was 401 and 399% higher compared to polypropylene plastic bags. Reinforcement with palm empty fruit bunch nanocellulose produced bioplastic bags with better properties due to higher mechanical properties compared to natural bioplastics with lower WVTR.
GMP Implementation and CCP Determination on Chocolate Candy Processing in ATP Nglanggeran Yogyakarta
Authors: Marwati T , Hendrawanto P P , Widodo S , Djaafar T F , Utami T , Rahayu E S
Published: October 2019

Indonesia is the third largest cocoa producer in the world after Ivory Coast and Ghana. With this potential, many industries in Indonesia process cocoa beans into various products, especially chocolate. One of the products in Agricultural Techno Park (ATP) Nglanggeran is chocolate candy. Chocolate candy must be safe for the consumer. Therefore this research aimed to assess the Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) application and Critical Control Point (CCP) determination at the processing stage of chocolate candy in ATP Nglanggeran. In this study, observation and interview were conducted by the employees at Taman Teknologi Pertanian. Furthermore, assessment of GMP application with guidelines on Good Food Production Methods for Household Industries (Cara Produksi Pangan yang Baik untuk Industri Rumah Tangga/CPPB-IRT) was conducted. Assessment of process was analyzed based on process flowchart, water content analysis and water activity analysis in samples of steaming, roasting, deshelling, mixing and refining, conching, and chocolate candy. The last step was Critical Control Point (CCP) determination at the chocolate candy processing. From the analysis results of water content and water activity obtained that the processing of chocolate candy had not been able to eliminate the contamination of fungi, especially Aspergillus niger. The Critical Control Point (CCP) of the process was at the roasting and conching processes.
Effect of Pre-Treatment on The Physicochemical Characteristics of Potato Powder Dried by Drum Dryer
Authors: Hidayat T , Setyadjit
Published: October 2019

In the industrial processing of fruits and vegetables, such as potato, the peeling and blanching processes are considered as pre-treatment. The choice of the most appropriate treatment depends on the raw material and the necessary attributes for the final product. This study aimed to determine the effect of pre-treatment (peeling and blanching method) on the physicochemical characteristics of potato powder dried by drum dryer. In this study, Margahayu variety was used. Potatoes were sorted, peeled (no peeling, abrasive, lye, and hand peeling method), soaked in clean water, cut into four parts, drained, and then blanched for 10,15, and 20 minutes. Blanched potatoes were subsequently mashed into a paste and then dried by drum dryer. The physicochemical character of potato powder was analyzed, i.e. yield and colour, water, ash, fat, protein, and carbohydrate content. The results showed that peeling and blanching treatment had a significant effect on yield, colour, water and protein content, and had no significant effect on ash, fat, and carbohydrate content. Treatment of lye peeling with blanching for 10 minutes resulted in the best of yield (17.8%) and powder physicochemical characteristics such as colour (L=95.30; a=0.36; b=28.83), water content 7.18%, ash 3.25%, fat 0.36%, protein 10.14 %, and carbohydrate 80.80%.
Preliminary Study of Hanjeli (Coix lacryma-jobi L) Flour for Food Uses
Authors: Mulyono E , Kusuma A , Dewandari K T , Darniadi S
Published: October 2019

Job’s tears (Coix lacryma-jobi L) is one of staple crop has a potential in improving food security by substituting rice. It is rich of nutrition and essential chemicals compounds, either as food or herbal. Product yield of job’s tear and quality need to be increased for obtaining flour for various food. This study aimed to investigate the physical and chemical properties of Job’s tear flour was subjected by wet milling and dry milling techniques. The result showed that wet-milled flour had higher value of moisture content compare to the dry-milled flour. Thermal properties of wet- and dry-mill were different each other. Conclusion temperature (Tc) - onset temperature (To) of dry-milled flour was statistically higher than wet-mill flour. The gelatinization enthalpy of wet-milled flour (11.2085 J/g) was higher than dry-milled flour samples (7.8542J/g). Dry milling technique caused more damaged and had more various cracks, fissures and holes on the starch surface than wet.
Isolation of Microfibrilated Cellulose from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) Through Peracetic Acid Delignification and Enzyme Hydrolysis
Authors: Muna N , Fauzi A A N , Setyaningsih D , Yuliani S
Published: October 2019

Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) have high cellulose content, that is equal to 35.66%-57.75%wt. This research aims to convert cellulose fibre from OPEFB into advance biomaterial such as micro and nanofibrilated cellulose through peracetic acid delignification and enzyme hydrolysis. Peracetic acid (PAA) is a strong oxidizer which has been used by previous researchers for pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass, can act as a bleaching agent and safe for the environment. The delignification process was done with PAA concentration varied from 2.57.5% v/v, within 2-6 hours at 80-85°C. Enzyme hydrolysis with cellulase complex at a concentration 10-25% w/w for 12-48 hours was done to reduce the particle size of cellulose. The cellulose fibre treated with 2.5%v/v PAA for 2 hours delignification time has the highest cellulose content of 81.01%wt. The best enzyme hydrolysis treatment obtained from a 15% enzyme concentration for 24 h hydrolysis time, with the dispersion stability of 60% and average particle size of 822.7 nm. The highest product crystallinity was 25.3%, obtained after 36 h hydrolysis time. Based on the particle size and SEM images result, it was known that enzyme hydrolysis can transform cellulose into microfibrilated cellulose but it is not strong enough to produce nanocellulose.
Characterization of Monodiacylglycerol (MDAG) Synthesized from Papua Nutmeg (Myristica Argantea Warb)
Authors: Luna P , Agustinisari I , Hernani
Published: October 2019

Papua nutmeg (Myristica argantea Warb) is indigenous of Fakfak, West Papua. The use of Papua nutmeg is still traditional, i.e. dried fruit, seed, and mace. The seed of Papua nutmeg contains a lipid that could be developed as an emulsifier such as monodiacylgycerol (MDAG). The study aimed to investigate the synthesis of MDAG from Papua nutmeg seed oil and its bioactivity against Staphylococcus aureus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Approximately 13 treatments were conducted to optimize the synthesis of MDGA based on the Central Composite Design of Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The parameters evaluated were temperature and reaction time. The result showed that the optimal temperature and reaction time for MDAG production were 42°C and 17 hours which produced 35% and its purity was 93%. The MDAG produced inhibited S. aureus and S. cerevisiae at the concentration 25 mg/ml. The chemical properties of MDAG from the Papua nutmeg contained monoacylglyserol (MAG) (23.35%), diacylglycerol (DAG) (1.87%), and triacylglycerol (TAG) (5.37%), as well as other fatty acids. Physicochemically, the MDAG had a melting point 53.554 °C, iod value 17.34, peroxide value 47.25 meq/1000 g, and purity 93.3%.
Intervention Mediators in a Randomized Controlled Trial to Increase Physical Activity and Fatigue Self-management Behaviors Among Adults With Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Plow Matthew , Motl Robert W , Finlayson Marcia , Bethoux Francois
Published: October 2019

Background

People with multiple sclerosis (MS) often experience fatigue, which is aggravated by inactivity. Identifying mediators of changes in physical activity (PA) and fatigue self-management (FSM) behaviors could optimize future interventions that reduce the impact of MS fatigue.

Purpose To

examine the effects of telephone-delivered interventions on Social Cognitive Theory constructs and test whether these constructs mediated secondary outcomes of PA and FSM behaviors.

Methods

Participants with MS (n = 208; Mean age = 52.1; Female = 84.6%) were randomized into contact–control intervention (CC), PA-only intervention, and PA+FSM intervention. Step count (Actigraphy) and FSM behaviors as well as self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and goal setting for PA and FSM were measured at baseline, post-test (12 weeks), and follow-up (24 weeks). Path analyses using bias-corrected bootstrapped 95% confidence intervals (CI) determined whether constructs at post-test mediated behaviors at follow-up when adjusting for baseline measures.

Results

Path analysis indicated that PA-only (β = 0.50, p < .001) and PA+FSM interventions (β = 0.42, p < .010) had an effect on goal setting for PA, and that PA + FSM intervention had an effect on self-efficacy for FSM (β = 0.48, p = .011) and outcome expectations for FSM (β = 0.42, p = .029). Goal setting for PA at post-test mediated the effects of PA-only (β = 159.45, CI = 5.399, 371.996) and PA + FSM interventions (β = 133.17, CI = 3.104, 355.349) on step count at follow-up. Outcome expectations for FSM at post-test mediated the effects of PA + FSM intervention on FSM behaviors at follow-up (β = 0.02, CI = 0.001, 0.058).

Conclusions

Goal setting for PA and outcome expectations for FSM may be important constructs to target in telephone-delivered interventions designed to reduce the impact of MS fatigue.

Trial registration

Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01572714)
Preference for Deliberation and Perceived Usefulness of Standard- and Narrative-Style Leaflet Designs: Implications for Equitable Cancer-Screening Communication
Authors: Robb Kathryn A , Gatting Lauren P , von Wagner Christian , McGregor Lesley M
Published: October 2019

Background

In the UK, cancer-screening invitations are mailed with information styled in a standard, didactic way to allow for informed choice. Information processing theory suggests this “standard style” could be more appealing to people who prefer deliberative thinking. People less likely to engage in deliberative thinking may be disenfranchised by the design of current standard-style information.

Purpose

To examine the distribution of preference for deliberative thinking across demographic groups (Study 1) and explore associations between preference for deliberative thinking and perceived usefulness of standard- and narrative-style screening information (Study 2).

Methods

In Study 1, adults aged 45–59 (n = 4,241) were mailed a questionnaire via primary care assessing preference for deliberative thinking and demographic characteristics. In Study 2, a separate cohort of adults aged 45–59 (n = 2,058) were mailed standard- and narrative-style leaflets and a questionnaire assessing demographic characteristics, preference for deliberative thinking, and perceived leaflet usefulness. Data were analyzed using multiple regression.

Results

In Study 1 (n = 1,783) and Study 2 (n = 650), having lower socioeconomic status, being a women, and being of nonwhite ethnicity was associated with lower preference for deliberative thinking. In Study 2, the standard-style leaflet was perceived as less useful among participants with lower preference for deliberative thinking, while perceived usefulness of the narrative-style leaflet did not differ by preference for deliberative thinking.

Conclusions

Information leaflets using a standard style may disadvantage women and those experiencing greater socioeconomic deprivation. More work is required to identify design styles that have a greater appeal for people with low preference for deliberative thinking.
Validation of an Optimized Algorithm for Identifying Persons Living With Diagnosed HIV From New York State Medicaid Data, 2006–2014
Authors: Macinski Sarah E , Gunn Jayleen K L , Goyal Mona , Neighbors Charles , Yerneni Rajeev , Anderson Bridget J
Published: October 2019

Algorithms are regularly used to identify persons living with diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWDH) in Medicaid data. To our knowledge, there are no published reports of an HIV algorithm from Medicaid claims codes that have been compared with an HIV surveillance system to assess its sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value in identifying PLWDH. Therefore, our aims in this study were to 1) develop an algorithm that could identify PLWDH in New York State Medicaid data from 2006–2014 and 2) validate this algorithm using the New York State HIV surveillance system. Classification and regression tree analysis identified 16 nodes that we combined to create a case-finding algorithm with 5 criteria. This algorithm identified 86,930 presumed PLWDH, 88.0% of which were verified by matching to the surveillance system. The algorithm yielded a sensitivity of 94.5%, a specificity of 94.4%, a positive predictive value of 88.0%, and a negative predictive value of 97.6%. This validated algorithm has the potential to improve the utility of Medicaid data for assessing health outcomes and programmatic interventions.
Long-Term Test–Retest Stability of ANAM in a Large Military Sample
Authors: Meyers John E
Published: October 2019

Objective

This paper examines the long-term stability of the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM) over 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year time periods.

Methods

The sample was drawn from active duty military personnel. All individuals were administered the ANAM and were re-administered the ANAM a second time, either 1 year, 3 years, or 5 years later. All individuals had no reported cognitive problems or concussion or any traumatic brain injury between the first and second assessments and had no intervening contact with the ANAM. All were assessed using the military standard approach with trained proctors.

Results

The results for (n = 19,997) individuals who were tested 1 year apart showed an intra-class correlation (ICC) of .6 for simple reaction time and simple reaction time repeat and .7 and above for all other scales. For the sample with 3 years between testings (n = 9,166), the ICC was similar to the 1-year sample. When the 5 year between testings data was examined (n = 2,270), the ICCs for all scales except the simple reaction time and simple reaction time repeat showed ICCs of .7 and.8. The simple reaction time and simple reaction time repeat showed ICCs of .596.

Conclusions

These results indicate that the use of the ANAN baseline for comparison can be done even if the baseline is up to 5 years old.
Theta and Gamma Bands Encode Acoustic Dynamics over Wide-Ranging Timescales
Authors: Teng Xiangbin , Poeppel David
Published: October 2019

Natural sounds contain acoustic dynamics ranging from tens to hundreds of milliseconds. How does the human auditory system encode acoustic information over wide-ranging timescales to achieve sound recognition? Previous work (Teng et al. 2017) demonstrated a temporal coding preference for the theta and gamma ranges, but it remains unclear how acoustic dynamics between these two ranges are coded. Here, we generated artificial sounds with temporal structures over timescales from ~200 to ~30 ms and investigated temporal coding on different timescales. Participants discriminated sounds with temporal structures at different timescales while undergoing magnetoencephalography recording. Although considerable intertrial phase coherence can be induced by acoustic dynamics of all the timescales, classification analyses reveal that the acoustic information of all timescales is preferentially differentiated through the theta and gamma bands, but not through the alpha and beta bands; stimulus reconstruction shows that the acoustic dynamics in the theta and gamma ranges are preferentially coded. We demonstrate that the theta and gamma bands show the generality of temporal coding with comparable capacity. Our findings provide a novel perspective—acoustic information of all timescales is discretised into two discrete temporal chunks for further perceptual analysis.
Unapprehended relations
Authors: Phillips Tom
Published: October 2019

This article addresses P.B. Shelley’s ‘Hymn to Mercury’ and allusions to classical literature in ‘Ode to Liberty’. Congruities emerge between Shelley’s poetic practice, his conception of poetry’s social role, and his understanding of the relationship between antiquity and the present. When translating and reshaping ancient Greek poetry, he brings to the surface morally significant features of that poetry which only emerge in the dialogues that his writing creates. In doing so, he enacts literary history as a process that both reflects and enables expansions of the moral imagination.
Maternal cardiovascular complications at the time of delivery and subsequent re-hospitalization in the USA, 2010–16
Authors: Goyal Noopur , Herrick Jennifer S , Son Shannon , Metz Torri D , Shah Rashmee U
Published: October 2019

Aims

Cardiovascular (CV) complications are the leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. The objective was to estimate trends in the incidence of peripartum CV complications in the USA between 2010 and 2016.

Methods and results

This was a retrospective analyses using data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project. We included women with delivery codes consistent with delivery, weighted to a national estimate. The primary outcome was the age-adjusted incidence of CV complications among all deliveries, including complications that occurred during re-hospitalizations. Complications were identified using International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes. Joinpoint regression was used to evaluate time trends and complications were stratified by type. The secondary outcome was in-hospital maternal death among women with a CV complication. We identified a weighted estimate of 27 408 652 women hospitalized for delivery from 2010 to 2016. Including all years, the complication incidence was 7.36/1000 births [95% confidence interval (CI) 7.18–7.54], with an estimated annual percentage change of 5.8% (95% CI 3.7–7.8%). Cardiac dysrhythmia was the most common complication [3.98/1000 births (95% CI 3.88–4.08)] and acute myocardial infarction was the least common complication [0.11/1000 births (95% CI 0.10–0.11)]. The incidence of hypertension, acute myocardial infarction, and cardiac arrest increased over time, the incidence of congestive heart failure and acute cerebrovascular disease remained stable, the incidence of pulmonary heart disease increased from 2015 onward, and the incidence of cardiac dysrhythmia decreased in 2016. Complications during re-hospitalization accounted for 13.6% (95% CI 13.2–14.1%) of all complications and was highest for acute myocardial infarction [28.1% (95% CI 23.2–33.1)]. Among women with any complication, the mortality rate was 1.20 (95% CI 1.11–1.29) per 100 complications.

Conclusion

Our analyses suggest the rate of peripartum CV complications are increasing in the USA, which highlights the need for active efforts in research and prevention.
Rat H1 parvovirus infection leads to alterations in gut microbiota
Authors: Xiang Zhiguang , Tong Wei , Guo Zhi , Xu Yanfeng , Guo Jianguo , Ruan Yanshuo , Zhao Peng
Published: October 2019

H1 parvovirus (H1PV) infection in rats is of concern to the research community as infection may compromise rodent-based experiments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of H1PV infection on rat gut microbiota. Inbred Wistar rats were infected with H1PV by routine gavage and clinical signs were recorded. Gross anatomical and histopathological examination of the gut was performed, as was immune cytokine analysis. The cecal contents were also collected for 16S rRNA sequencing. Gross anatomical examination showed distention of the ileum associated with flatulence after infection, while histopathological examination showed hyperemia and inflammatory cell infiltration in the ileum. Upregulation of the interleukin-6 in sera in H1PV infected rats was also detected. The gut microbiota had been significantly changed in H1PV infected rats: there was a reduction in several bacteria species including probiotic bacteria from the genera Parabacteroides and Butyricicoccus, while others were increased, including those from the genera Methanobrevibacter and Syntrophococcus. Taken together, these results demonstrate that chronic H1PV infection in rats leads to gastrointestinal inflammation with flatulence. The gut microbiota alterations were associated with decreased polymorphisms, reduced abundance of probiotic bacteria and increased abundance of methane-producing bacteria.
Cutting the Cord: Social and Scholarly Revolutions as CMC Goes Mobile
Authors: Campbell Scott W
Published: October 2019

Mobile media and communication (MMC) serve as the preferred context for going online among many individuals today and the only means for others less fortunate. As computer-mediated communication (CMC) increasingly goes mobile, scholars should bear in mind the distinctive, and oftentimes disruptive, implications for everyday social life as well as research in the field. Toward that end, this article reviews select ways that MMC structures how people connect with each other and places of social activity. Synthesis of that research casts light on key developments in technology, social practice, and scholarship as CMC primarily becomes a mobile phenomenon.
Measles Maternal Antibodies With Low Avidity Do Not Interfere With the Establishment of Robust Quantity and Quality Antibody Responses After the Primary Dose of Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Vaccine Administered at 12-Months of Age
Authors: Collins Cathleen A , Gelinas Laura , Yasukawa Linda L , Audet Susette , Abu-Raya Bahaa , Turvey Stuart E , Beeler Judy A , Kollmann Tobias R , Gans Hayley A
Published: October 2019

In this study, we illustrate, for the first time, that preexisting low-avidity neutralizing measles maternal antibodies do not interfere with the development of high concentrations of high-avidity measles antibodies in children immunized at age 12 months. This suggests that the quality of measles maternal antibodies, rather than the quantity, impacts immunogenicity of primary measles immunization.
Selection of M-dwarfs using Gaia, WISE, and 2MASS
Authors: Bentley J , Tinney C G , Sharma S , Wright D
Published: October 2019

We present criteria for the selection of M-dwarfs down to G < 14.5 using all-sky survey data, with a view to identifying potential M-dwarfs, to be confirmed spectroscopically by the FunnelWeb survey. Two sets of criteria were developed. The first, based on absolute magnitude in the Gaia G passband, with MG > 7.7, selects 76,392 stars, with 81.0 per cent expected to be M-dwarfs at a completeness of >97 per cent. The second is based on colour and uses Gaia, WISE, and 2MASS all-sky photometry. This criteria identifies 94,479 candidate M-dwarfs, of which between 29.4 per cent and 47.3 per cent are expected to be true M-dwarfs, and which contains 99.6 per cent of expected M-dwarfs. Both criteria were developed using synthetic galaxy model predictions, and a previously spectroscopically classified set of M- and K-dwarfs, to evaluate both M-dwarf completeness and false-positive detections (i.e. the non-M-dwarf contamination rate). Both criteria used in combination demonstrate how each excludes different sources of contamination. We therefore developed a final set of criteria that combines absolute magnitude and colour selection to identify 74,091 stars. All these sets of criteria select numbers of objects feasible for confirmation via massively multiplexed spectroscopic surveys like FunnelWeb.