bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROBLEMS OF TEACHING ELEMENTS OF DISCRETE MATHEMATICS TO FUTURE COMPUTER SCIENCE TEACHERS
Authors:   Kazakhstan National Women's Teacher Training University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Bostanov B.G. , Suranchiyeva Z.T. ,   Kazakhstan National Women's Teacher Training University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: April 2022

The article deals with the problem of integrated teaching of discrete mathematics elements to the content of the main specialized disciplines in the preparation of future computer science teachers. The ways of solving some problems in the preparation of future computer science teachers on the elements of discrete mathematics and the need for its training are described. The analysis of scientific research of domestic and foreign scientists involved in the issues of teaching computer science in discrete mathematics is carried out. As a result of the research, the necessity of teaching computer science teachers the elements of discrete mathematics is scientifically substantiated. When considering the content of professional disciplines, the necessity of teaching elements of discrete mathematics is revealed, the rationale for including topics in the content of teaching by sections is given. The list of topics that can be considered in the content of specialized disciplines of discrete mathematics elements is described schematically. These topics are presented as an example of the content of specific disciplines and recommendations are given that it is necessary to specifically study the above, develop and present a teaching methodology.
THE IMPORTANCE OF TEACHING THE MODELING DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE FOR MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors:   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Kyzylorda, Kazakhstan, Tileubai S.Sh. , Toleu N.S. ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Kyzylorda, Kazakhstan, Kazbekova G.N. ,   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkistan, Kazakhstan
Published: April 2022

Today, the rapid development of information and communication technologies leads to radical changes in the field of cognitive activity, in particular in education. An important change is the method of modeling used in the didactic practice of computer science. Modeling is one of the most common methods of studying processes and phenomena, which is widely used in research and teaching. The article analyzes the role of modeling as a universal method of studying complex objects in the teaching of computer science, and shows ways to develop the importance of modeling as a basis for teaching in general software. The role of the model in teaching computer science to high school students focuses on the importance of teaching in the modeling of computer science, and ways to increase students' interest and skills in considering the technology of teaching methods.
THE ESSENCE OF THE CONCEPT OF SOCIAL ECOLOGY AND THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MAN AND NATURE
Authors:   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Kosherbaeva Sh. , Karabaeva Sh. ,   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: April 2022

Modern environmental problems are not limited only to biological content; in recent decades, environmental research has acquired a social orientation, regulating the relations of the "man-Nature-Society" system, which has led to the emergence and development of a new branch of management ecology, social ecology. The ideas of social ecology include the intervention of Man and humanity in all natural systems; the rate of evolution and change of natural systems under the influence of anthropogenic factors; the relative and characteristic influence of geological forces and man on natural systems. The concept of social ecology in general develops directly in relation to socio-economic problems, so there is a need to integrate the branches of natural, social and technical science to solve it. This integration, firstly, will affect the conduct of new interdisciplinary research, and secondly, the environmental content of existing disciplines will be provided methodically and methodically. The new stage of the relationship between man and society is characterized by systematic approaches, so it is necessary to reorientate school education to the formation of a scientific picture of the modern world. We see this in the ecologization of Natural Science subjects in school by linking them together. Environmental education is now fully integrated into school programs, and its new component, socio-ecology, is beginning to manifest itself. The article discusses the essence of the socio-ecological concept in the content of natural science disciplines and the problems of the relationship between man and nature.
Derivation and validation of top-down African biomass burning CO emissions and fuel consumption measures derived using geostationary FRP data and Sentinal-5P TROPOMI CO retrievals
Authors: Nguyen Hannah Mai , He Jiangping , Wooster Martin J.
Published: April 2022

Abstract. We present the first top-down CO fire emissions inventory for Africa based on the direct relation between geostationary satellite-based Fire Radiative Power (FRP) measures and satellite observations of Total Column Carbon Monoxide (TCCO). This work extends significantly the previous Fire Radiative Energy Emissions (FREM) approach that derived Total Particulate Matter (TPM) emission coefficients from FRP measures and Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) observations. The use of satellite-based CO observations to derive CO emission coefficients, CeCO, addresses key uncertainties in the use of AOD measures to estimate fire-generated CO emissions including; the requirement for a smoke mass extinction coefficient in the AOD to TPM conversion; and the large variation in TPM emission factors – which are used to convert TPM emissions to CO emissions. We use the FREM-derived CO emission coefficients to produce a Pan-African CO fire emission inventory spanning 16 years. Regional CO emissions are in close agreement with the most recent version of GFED(v4.1s), despite the two inventories using completely different satellite datasets and methodologies to derive CO emissions. Dry Matter Consumed (DMC) and DMC per unit area values are generated from our CO emission inventory – the latter using the 20 m resolution Sentinal-2 FireCCISFD burnt area (BA) product for 2019. We carry out an evaluation of our FREM-based CO emissions by using them as input in the WRF-CMAQ chemical transport model and comparing simulated TCCO fields to independent Sentinal-5P TROPOMI TCCO observations. The results of this validation show FREM CO emissions to generally be in good agreement with these independent measures – particularly in the case of individual fire-generated CO plumes where modelled in-plume CO was within 5 % of satellite observations with a coefficient of determination of 0.80. Modelled and observed CO, averaged over the full model domain, are within 4 % of each other, though localised regions show an overestimation of modelled CO by up to 50 %. However, when compared to other evaluations of current state-of-the-art fire emissions inventories, the FREM CO emission inventory derived in this work shows some of the best agreement with independent measures. Updates to the previously published FREM TPM emissions coefficients are also provided in the Appendix of this article, along with a satellite and ground-based validation of this FREM TPM emissions inventory. The methodology and resulting CO fire inventory described in this work will form the basis of an upcoming operational LSASAF CO fire emissions product for Africa.
Micro-spectroscopic and freezing characterization of ice-nucleating particles collected in the marine boundary layer in the eastern North Atlantic
Authors: Knopf Daniel A. , Charnawskas Joseph C. , Wang Peiwen , Wong Benny , Tomlin Jay M. , Jankowski Kevin A. , Fraund Matthew , Veghte Daniel P. , China Swarup , Laskin Alexander , Moffet Ryan C. , Gilles Mary K. , Aller Josephine Y. , Marcus Matthew A. , Raveh-Rubin Shira , Wang Jian
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Formation of atmospheric ice plays a crucial role in the microphysical evolution of mixed-phase and cirrus clouds and thus climate. How aerosol
particles impact ice crystal formation by acting as ice-nucleating particles (INPs) is a subject of intense research activities. To improve
understanding of atmospheric INPs, we examined daytime and nighttime particles collected during the Aerosol and Cloud Experiments in the Eastern
North Atlantic (ACE-ENA) field campaign conducted in summer 2017. Collected particles, representative of a remote marine environment, were
investigated for their propensity to serve as INPs in the immersion freezing (IMF) and deposition ice nucleation (DIN) modes. The particle
population was characterized by chemical imaging techniques such as computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (CCSEM/EDX) and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy with near-edge X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy (STXM/NEXAFS). Four major particle-type classes were identified where internally mixed inorganic–organic particles make up the majority of the analyzed particles. Following ice nucleation experiments, individual INPs were identified and characterized by SEM/EDX. The identified INP types belong to
the major particle-type classes consisting of fresh sea salt with organics or processed sea salt containing dust and sulfur with organics. Ice
nucleation experiments show IMF events at temperatures as low as 231 K, including the subsaturated regime. DIN events were observed at lower temperatures of 210 to 231 K. IMF and DIN observations were analyzed with regard to activated INP fraction, ice-nucleation active site (INAS) densities, and a water activity-based immersion freezing model (ABIFM) yielding heterogeneous ice nucleation rate coefficients. Observed IMF
and DIN events of ice formation and corresponding derived freezing rates demonstrate that the marine boundary layer aerosol particles can serve as INPs under typical mixed-phase and cirrus cloud conditions. The derived IMF and DIN parameterizations allow for implementation in cloud and climate
models to evaluate predictive effects of atmospheric ice crystal formation.
Quantification and mitigation of the instrument effects and uncertainties of the airborne limb imaging FTIR GLORIA
Authors: Ungermann Jörn , Kleinert Anne , Maucher Guido , Bartolomé Irene , Friedl-Vallon Felix , Johansson Sören , Krasauskas Lukas , Neubert Tom
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere (GLORIA) is an infrared imaging FTS (Fourier transform spectrometer) with a 2-D infrared detector that is operated on two high-flying research aircraft. It has flown on eight campaigns and measured along more than 300 000 km of flight track. This paper details our instrument calibration and characterization efforts, which, in particular, almost exclusively leverage in-flight data. First, we present the framework of our new calibration scheme, which uses information from all three available calibration sources (two blackbodies and upward-pointing “deep space” measurements). Part of this scheme is a new algorithm for correcting the erratically changing nonlinearity of a subset of detector pixels and the identification of the remaining bad pixels. Using this new calibration, we derive a 1σ bound of 1 % on the
instrument gain error and a bound of 30 nW cm−2 sr−1 cm on
the instrument offset error. We show how we can examine the noise and
spectral accuracy for all measured atmospheric spectra and derive a
spectral accuracy of 5 ppm on average. All these errors are compliant with the initial instrument requirements. We also discuss, for the first time, the pointing system of the GLORIA
instrument. Combining laboratory calibration efforts with the
measurement of astronomical bodies during the flight, we can achieve a
pointing accuracy of 0.032∘, which corresponds to one detector pixel. The paper concludes with a brief study of how these newly characterized
instrument parameters affect temperature and ozone retrievals. We find
that the pointing uncertainty and, to a lesser extent, the instrument gain
uncertainty are the main contributors to the error in the result.
Performance evaluation of an integrated path differential absorption LIDAR model for surface pressure from low-Earth orbit
Authors: Hong Guanglie , Dong Yu , Di Huige
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Remote sensing of surface pressure from space is critical; differential absorption LIDAR and differential absorption radar are only two kinds of remote sensing instruments with this potential. The differential absorption LIDAR works in integral path mode from the satellite in low-Earth orbit. It measures the differential optical depth of the Oxygen A-band, and the surface pressure is thereafter obtained by performing circle-iterative calculation. Performance evaluation of the differential absorption LIDAR model was conducted with respect to the advanced system parameters of the space instrument, Low echo pulse energy at ocean surface and the challenging calculation of repetitive cumulative average of echo on uneven land surface yielded random errors in surface pressure measurement. On the other hand, uncertain atmospheric temperature and water vapor mixture profiles resulted in systematic error of surface pressure. Consequently, controlling the error of surface pressure within 0.1 % proved challenging. Under a strict implementation of the error budget, the time resolution is 6.25 s and along-orbit distance resolution is 44 km, and the results showed that 765.6735/765.4637 nm is suitable as the working wavelength pair. Further, error could be expected to within 0.2–0.3 % for the cumulative average of 625 ocean surface laser pulse echoes, cumulative average of more than 144 pulse echoes on land, and observation from the 400 km orbit.
Disentangling Scatter in Long-Term Concentration-Discharge Relationships: the Role of Event Types
Authors: Saavedra Felipe , Musolff Andreas , von Freyberg Jana , Merz Ralf , Basso Stefano , Tarasova Larisa
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Relationships between nitrate concentrations and discharge rates (C-Q) at the catchment outlet can provide insights into sources, mobilization and biogeochemical transformations of nitrate within the catchment. Nitrate C-Q relationships often exhibit considerable scatter that might be related to variable hydrologic conditions during runoff events at sampling time, corresponding to variable sources and flow paths despite similar discharge rates. Although the origins of this scatter was investigated in individual catchments, the role of different runoff event types on the C-Q relationships across a large dataset of catchments was not yet evaluated. In order to better understand the role of different runoff events in shaping long-term C-Q relationships, we analyzed low-frequency nitrate data from 184 German catchments, and quantified the deviation of samples collected during different types of events from the long-term power-law C-Q relationships. In most of the catchments, snow-impacted events produce positive deviations of concentrations, indicating an increased nitrate mobilization compared to the long-term pattern. In contrast, negative deviations occur mostly for rainfall-induced events with dry antecedent conditions, indicating lower nitrate concentrations. Pronounced differences in event runoff coefficients among different event types indicate their contrasting levels of hydrologic connectivity that in turn might play a key role controlling nitrate transport due to the activation of faster flow paths between sources and streams. Our study demonstrates using long-term, low-frequency nitrate data that runoff event types shape observed scatter in long-term C-Q relationships according to their level of hydrologic connectivity.
Observing system simulation experiments reveal that subsurface temperature observations improve estimates of circulation and heat content in a dynamic western boundary current
Authors: Gwyther David E. , Kerry Colette , Roughan Moninya , Keating Shane R.
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Western boundary currents (WBCs), form the narrow, fast-flowing poleward return flows of the great subtropical ocean gyres and are sources of rapidly varying mesoscale eddies. Accurate simulation of the vertical structure, separation latitude, and ocean heat content of WBCs is important for understanding the poleward transport of heat in the global ocean. However, state estimation and forecasting in WBC regions, such as the East Australian Current (EAC), the WBC of the South Pacific subtropical gyre, is challenging due to their dynamic nature and lack of observations at depth. Here we use Observing System Simulation Experiments to show that subsurface temperature observations in a high eddy kinetic energy region yield large improvement in representation of key EAC circulation features, both downstream and 600 km upstream of the observing location. These subsurface temperature observations (in concert with sea surface temperature and height measurements) are also critical for correctly representing ocean heat content along the length of the EAC. Furthermore, we find that a more poleward separation latitude leads to an EAC and eddy field that is represented with far reduced error, compared to when the EAC separates closer to the equator. Our results demonstrate the importance of subsurface observations for accurate state estimation of the EAC and ocean heat content that can lead to marine heatwaves. These results provide useful suggestions for observing system design under different oceanographic regimes, for example, adaptive sampling to target high energy states with more observations and low energy states with fewer observations.
Towards a hydrogeomorphological understanding of proglacial catchments: review of current knowledge and assessment of groundwater storage and release in an Alpine catchment
Authors: Müller Tom , Lane Stuart Nicholas , Schaefli Bettina
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Proglacial margins form when glaciers retreat, and create zones with distinctive ecological, geomorphological and hydrological properties in Alpine environments. There is extensive literature on geomorphology and sediment transport in such areas as well as surface and glacial hydrology; but there is much less research into the specific hydrological behavior of the landforms that develop after glacier retreat in and close to proglacial margins. Recent reviews have highlighted the presence of groundwater stores even in such steep, rapidly draining environments. It remains however largely unclear where groundwater recharge and storage occurs and the limited studies of the hydrological functioning of specific landforms has not been put into the perspective of the catchment-scale storage-discharge behavior driven by proglacial margins. Here, we provide a detailed literature review of the geomorphological structure of proglacial landforms in the context of their hydrological processes, as well as a summary of the timescale of their hydrological response. We then propose a recession-analysis based framework to understand how different landforms contribute to catchment-scale discharge. We applied the proposed methods to the case of a Swiss proglacial alpine margin and summarize the insights that follow from a complete perceptual model of how such a proglacial catchments works. We identify the relative groundwater storage volumes of different superficial landforms and show how steep zones only store water on the timescale of days, while flatter areas maintain baseflow in the order of several weeks. We show that those geomorphological landforms themselves fail to explain the catchment-scale recession analyses and discuss the presence of an unidentified storage compartment of the order of 40 mm which releases water during the cold months, which we propose to attribute to deeper bedrock flowpaths. Finally, the key insights on the interplay of different landforms as well as the analysis framework is readily transferable to other similar proglacial margins and should contribute to a better understanding of the future hydrogeological behavior of such catchments.
Novel loop tree for the similarity recognition of kinematic chains
Authors: Wang Lei , Sun Liang , Cui Rongjiang , Xu Yadan , Yu Gaohong , Wu Chuanyu
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The similarity recognition of kinematic chains (KCs) is
helpful for improving the efficiency of configuration synthesis, which has been paid more and more attention in recent years. The existing recognition methods are divided into the definition method and feature constant method. Among them, the definition method is difficult to adopt in practice because of its long operation time, especially when the number of similar vertices in KCs is large. In this paper, the new concepts of a loop tree (LT) and a loop tree matrix (LTM) have been proposed, which improve the efficiency of similarity recognition. This method is applied on the complete structure
of the following: 8-link with 1 DOF (degree of freedom), 9-link with 2 DOF, 10-link with 1 DOF, 12-link with 1 DOF, 13-link with 2 DOF, 14-link with 3 DOF, 15-link with 4 DOF planar single-joint KCs, and contracted graphs with up to six independent loops. All results are verified by the definition method to prove the good applicability, reliability, and
efficiency of the proposed method. Simultaneously, the application case of the similarity recognition in a mechanism creation is given to provide a reference for an innovative design.
Significant underestimation of peatland permafrost along the Labrador Sea coastline
Authors: Wang Yifeng , Way Robert G. , Beer Jordan , Forget Anika , Tutton Rosamond , Purcell Meredith C.
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Northern peatlands cover approximately four million km2, and about half of these peatlands are estimated to contain permafrost and periglacial landforms, like palsas and peat plateaux. In northeastern Canada, peatland permafrost is predicted to be spatially concentrated in the western interior of Labrador and largely absent along the Labrador Sea and Gulf of St. Lawrence coastline. However, the paucity of observations of peatland permafrost in the interior coupled with ongoing use of perennially frozen peatlands along the coast by Labrador Inuit and Innu cast doubt on the reliability of existing maps of peatland permafrost distribution in the region. In this study, we develop a multi-stage consensus-based inventory of peatland permafrost complexes in coastal Labrador and adjacent parts of Quebec using high-resolution satellite imagery and validate it with extensive field visits and low-altitude aerial photography and videography. A total of 1885 wetland complexes were inventoried, of which 1023 were interpreted as likely containing peatland permafrost. Likely peatland permafrost complexes were mostly found in lowlands within 40 km of the coastline where mean annual air temperatures of up to +1.2 °C are recorded. Evaluation of the geographic distribution of peatland permafrost complexes reveals a clear gradient from the outer coasts, where peatland permafrost is more abundant, to inland peatlands, where permafrost is generally absent. This coastal gradient may be attributed to a combination of climatic and geomorphological influences which lead to lower insolation, thinner snowpacks, and more frost-susceptible materials along the coast. The results of this study also suggest that existing maps of permafrost distribution for southeastern Labrador require adjustment to better reflect the abundance of peatland permafrost complexes which are located to the south of the regional sporadic discontinuous permafrost limit. This study constitutes the first dedicated peatland permafrost inventory for Labrador, and our results provide an important baseline for future mapping, modelling, and climate change adaptation strategy development in the region.
Evolution of the dynamics, area and ice production of the Amundsen Sea Polynya, Antarctica, 2016–2021
Authors: Macdonald Grant J. , Ackley Stephen F. , Mestas-Nuñez Alberto M.
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Polynyas are key sites of ice production during the winter and are important sites of biological activity and carbon sequestration during the summer. The Amundsen Sea Polynya (ASP) is the fourth largest Antarctic polynya, has recorded the highest primary productivity and lies in an embayment of key oceanographic significance. However, knowledge of its dynamics, and of sub-annual variations in its area and ice production, is limited. In this study we primarily utilize Sentinel-1 SAR imagery, sea ice concentration products and climate reanalysis data, along with bathymetric data, to analyze the ASP over the period November 2016–March 2021. Specifically, we analyze (i) qualitative changes in the ASP’s characteristics and dynamics, and quantitative changes in (ii) summer polynya area, (iii) winter polynya area and ice production. From our analysis of SAR imagery we find that ice produced by the ASP becomes stuck in the vicinity of the polynya and sometimes flows back into the polynya, contributing to its closure and limiting further ice production. The polynya forms westward off a persistent chain of grounded icebergs that are located at the site of a bathymetric high. Grounded icebergs also influence the outflow of ice and facilitate the formation of a ‘secondary polynya’ at times. Additionally, unlike some polynyas, ice produced by the polynya flows westward after formation, along the coast and into the neighboring sea sector. During the summer and early winter, broader regional sea ice conditions can play an important role in the polynya. The polynya opens in all summers, but record-low sea ice conditions in 2016/17 cause it to become part of the open ocean. During the win-ter, an average of 78 % of ice production occurs in April–May and September–October, but large polynya events often associated with high winds can cause ice production throughout the winter. While passive microwave data or daily sea ice concentration products remain key for analyzing variations in polynya area and ice production, we find that the ability to directly observe and qualitatively analyze the polynya at a high temporal and spatial resolution with Sentinel-1 imagery provides important insights about the behavior of the polynya that are not possible with those datasets.
An Introduction to the Concept of Landscape in Geography
Authors: Ratheesh Mon P.
Published: April 2022

The diversity of landscape concepts and definitions often perplexes researchers who are new to landscape studies, this is the most common challenge faced by most of such researchers. In terms of meaning and application the term “landscape” is highly diverse. Different disciplines, such as art, architecture, archaeology, ecology, and geography have developed and defined the concept of landscape in different ways. Even within geography, the concept is confusing due to differences in its application by different paradigms in different manner.  Different schools of thought or paradigms of geography had differently perceived the concept of landscape. At a general level landscape is divided as natural and cultural, at the same time this distinction appears to be fading in more specialised academic engagements.  Humanistic geographers consider landscape as a social product, whereas historical geographers focus on the origins of landscapes. Cultural geographers take a more qualitative approach to landscape, seeing it as a symbolic representation of values and meanings. This paper is an endeavor to address the cardinal genres of landscape engagements in geography.
A FRAMEWORK FOR TEACHING AND ASSESSING REASONING ABOUT VARIABILITY
Authors: GARFIELD JOAN , BEN-ZVI DANI
Published: April 2022

This article is a discussion of and reaction to two collections of papers on research on Reasoning about Variation: Five papers appeared in November 2004 in a Special Issue 3(2) of the Statistics Education Research Journal (by Hammerman and Rubin, Ben-Zvi, Bakker, Reading, and Gould), and three papers appear in a Special Section on the same topic in the present issue (by Makar and Confrey, delMas and Liu, and Pfannkuch). These papers show that understanding of variability is much more complex and difficult to achieve than prior literature has led us to believe. Based on these papers and other pertinent literature, the present paper, written by the Guest Editors, outlines seven components that are part of a comprehensive epistemological model of the ideas that comprise a deep understanding of variability: Developing intuitive ideas of variability, describing and representing variability, using variability to make comparisons, recognizing variability in special types of distributions, identifying patterns of variability in fitting models, using variability to predict random samples or outcomes, and considering variability as part of statistical thinking. With regard to each component, possible instructional goals as well as types of assessment tasks that can be used in research and teaching contexts are illustrated. The conceptual model presented can inform the design and alignment of teaching and assessment, as well as help in planning research and in organizing results from prior and future research on reasoning about variability.
First published May 2005 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
Front pages, editorial, new co-editor and new associate editors
Authors: JOLLIFF FLAVIA R. , GAL IDDO
Published: April 2022

First published November 2005 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
STATISTICS IN THE WORKPLACE: A SURVEY OF USE BY RECENT GRADUATES WITH HIGHER DEGREES
Authors: HARRAWAY JOHN A. , BARKER RICHARD J.
Published: April 2022

A postal survey was conducted regarding statistical techniques, research methods and software used in the workplace by 913 graduates with PhD and Masters degrees in the biological sciences, psychology, business, economics, and statistics. The study identified gaps between topics and techniques learned at university and those used in the workplace, and points to deficiencies in statistical preparation for employment. Courses requested include multivariate statistics, generalized linear models, research design and power analysis taught with minimal emphasis on probability and mathematics. Recommendations are presented, such as expanding statistical service courses to eliminate gaps, the development of intensive workshops for postgraduate students and for workplace retraining, or involving staff from other departments to provide context for statistics teaching.
First published November 2005 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
SERJ 2005 REFEREES
Authors: JOLLIFFE FLAVIA R. , GAL IDDO
Published: April 2022

Acknowledgement: We are grateful to the following who acted as referees for the Statistics Education Research Journal in the past year.
First published November 2006 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
COMPARING BOX PLOT DISTRIBUTIONS: A TEACHER’S REASONING
Authors: PFANNKUCH MAXINE
Published: April 2022

Drawing conclusions from the comparison of datasets using informal statistical inference is a challenging task since the nature and type of reasoning expected is not fully understood. In this paper a secondary teacher’s reasoning from the comparison of box plot distributions during the teaching of a Year 11 (15-year-old) class is analyzed. From the analysis a model incorporating ten distinguishable elements is established to describe her reasoning. The model highlights that reasoning in the sampling and referent elements is ill formed. The methods of instruction, and the difficulties and richness of verbalizing from the comparison of box plot distributions are discussed. Implications for research and educational practice are drawn.
First published November 2006 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENTS IN A STATISTICS COURSE IN RELATION TO MOTIVATIONAL ASPECTS AND STUDY BEHAVIOUR
Authors: BUDÉ LUC , VAN DE WIEL MARGARETHA W. J. , IMBOS TJAART , CANDEL MATH J. J. M. , BROERS NICK J. , BERGER MARTIJN P. F.
Published: April 2022

The present study focuses on motivational constructs and their effect on students’ academic achievement within an existing statistics course. First-year Health Sciences students completed a questionnaire that measures several motivational constructs: dimensions of causal attributions, outcome expectancy, affect, and study behaviour, all with respect to statistics. The results showed that when the cause of negative events was perceived as uncontrollable, outcome expectancy was negative. When the cause of negative events was perceived as stable, affect toward statistics was negative. Furthermore, negative affect toward statistics and limited study behaviour led to unsatisfactory achievements. Path analysis (Lisrel) largely confirmed the causal relations in a model that was based on attributional and learned helplessness theories. The consequences of these findings for statistics education are discussed.
First published May 2007 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
ASSESSING STUDENTS’ CONCEPTUAL UNDERSTANDING AFTER A FIRST COURSE IN STATISTICS
Authors: DELMAS ROBERT , GARFIELD JOAN , OOMS ANN , CHANCE BETH
Published: April 2022

This paper describes the development of the CAOS test, designed to measure students’ conceptual understanding of important statistical ideas, across three years of revision and testing, content validation, and realiability analysis. Results are reported from a large scale class testing and item responses are compared from pretest to posttest in order to learn more about areas in which students demonstrated improved performance from beginning to end of the course, as well as areas that showed no improvement or decreased performance. Items that showed an increase in students’ misconceptions about particular statistical concepts were also examined. The paper concludes with a discussion of implications for students’ understanding of different statistical topics, followed by suggestions for further research.
First published November 2007 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
MEASURING THE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS’ CONSIDERATION OF VARIATION
Authors: REID JACKIE , READING CHRIS
Published: April 2022

Research investigating how students begin to consider and reason about variation will help educators identify stages of this development. This can provide direction for learning activities to help students develop a strong consideration of variation that can be applied in a variety of contexts. In the present study, tertiary student responses to a class test and an assignment question are analysed, resulting in a description of levels of consideration of variation relevant to these tasks. This and other hierarchies previously developed are used to formulate a Consideration of Variation Hierarchy applicable to a variety of tasks. Implications for research and teaching are discussed.
First published May 2008 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
INTRODUCING THE SPECIAL ISSUE ON INFORMAL INFERENTIAL REASONING
Authors: PRATT DAVE , AINLEY JANET
Published: April 2022

First published November 2008 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
REASONING ABOUT INFORMAL STATISTICAL INFERENCE: ONE STATISTICIAN’S VIEW
Authors: ROSSMAN ALLAN J.
Published: April 2022

This paper identifies key concepts and issues associated with the reasoning of informal statistical inference. I focus on key ideas of inference that I think all students should learn, including at secondary level as well as tertiary. I argue that a fundamental component of inference is to go beyond the data at hand, and I propose that statistical inference requires basing the inference on a probability model. I present several examples using randomization tests for connecting the randomness used in collecting data to the inference to be drawn. I also mention some related points from psychology and indicate some points of contention among statisticians, which I hope will clarify rather than obscure issues.
First published November 2008 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
EXPLORING BEGINNING INFERENCE WITH NOVICE GRADE 7 STUDENTS
Authors: WATSON JANE M.
Published: April 2022

This study documented efforts to facilitate ideas of beginning inference in novice grade 7 students. A design experiment allowed modified teaching opportunities in light of observation of components of a framework adapted from that developed by Pfannkuch for teaching informal inference with box plots. Box plots were replaced by hat plots, a feature available with the software TinkerPlotsTM. Data in TinkerPlots files were analyzed on four occasions and observed responses to tasks were categorized using a hierarchical model. The observed outcomes provided evidence of change in students’ appreciation of beginning inference over the four sessions. Suggestions for change are made for the use of the framework in association with the intervention and the software to enhance understanding of beginning inference.
First published November 2008 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
Nappy changing challenge and classroom olympics: competitive and cooperative hands on data collection activities
Authors:   Conker Statistics, Payne Brad
Published: April 2022

It is well recognised that hands-on school activities can encourage engagement and learning. However, for many years such activities with a competitive element have taken a back seat to the promotion of activities that encourage cooperation. With careful consideration to the inclusion of all class members at KS3 level, Conker Statistics have worked closely with secondary school teachers in developing two themed sets of activities that have elements of competition and cooperation. The Nappy Changing Challenge, designed to raise awareness of childcare, uses realistic baby dolls and real nappies. A well designed data collection form provides the necessary guidance to perform the three stages of the activity including estimation, opinions and measurement. Analysis of the data collected motivates class discussion and presentation of the key results. Classroom Olympics, launched at the English Institute of Sports in 2010, encourages all pupils, regardless of their athletic ability, to take part in competitive activities such as the bean bag shot put and standing start triple jump. To date over 2000 students have taken part in these activities within the classroom and at school events.We discuss out experience of The Nappy Challenge and Classroom Olympics.
Refereed paper reflections on designing a statistical consulting capstone unit
Authors:   Macquarie University, Bilgin Ayse , Jersky Brian ,   Macquarie University, Petocz Peter ,   Macquarie University, Wood Graham ,   Macquarie University
Published: April 2022

Statistical analysis is required in many different projects throughout most work areas, which makes statistical consulting both exciting and challenging. Most students majoring in statistics do not have real-life experience of statistical consulting, and so it is very important that we as educators prepare our students for the statistical consulting needs of the workforce by offering training in this important area of statistics. We have recently set out to design a final- year undergraduate capstone statistical consulting unit (course) for our students majoring in statistics at Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia. This unit brings together the various technical aspects of students’ studies via a problem-based approach to learning about statistical consulting. In this paper, we document our planning of a statistical consulting unit: we discuss the challenges that we faced and indicate our solutions to these challenges during the planning stages of this capstone unit.
Referred paper Preparing students for the world of work: an evaluation of undergraduate work placements by students and employers
Authors:   University of Limerick, Hannigan Ailish
Published: April 2022

The importance of students putting theory into practice is well recognised in statistics education and there is an increasing emphasis on developing skills such as questioning, communication and interpersonal skills. Appropriate work placements for mathematics and statistics undergraduates, integrated into their degree programme, have an important role to play in the development of both technical and personal skills. The objective of this study is to report on the evaluation of work placements by the most recent cohort of Mathematics and Statistics degree students in the University of Limerick from 2009/10 (n=20). A summary of the qualitative comments from students, ratings and overall assessment are given together with an evaluation from their employers of their performance and the benefits of the work placement programme. This feedback provides useful information for faculty on how well students are prepared for the world of work and what areas could be improved on.
A vulnerabilidade de agentes comunitários de saúde frente ao risco biológico
Authors: Rezende Fabiana Ribeiro de , Mendonça Katiane Martins , Galdino Júnior Hélio , Salgado Thaís de Arvelos , Alves Clery Mariano da Silva , Amaral Tauana Souza , Tipple Anaclara Ferreira Veiga
Published: April 2022

Os objetivos foram identificar as exposições ocupacionais a material biológico entre agentes comunitários de saúde; caracterizar os modos de exposição, as secreções orgânicas e as circunstâncias envolvidas; descrever as condutas adotadas e verificar a participação desses trabalhadores em capacitações sobre risco biológico e biossegurança. Estudo transversal descritivo. Participaram 80 agentes dos 89 integrantes de equipes de saúde da família de um distrito sanitário do município de Goiânia. Resultados: 23 (28,8%) referiram exposição ocupacional, 10 (43,5%) citaram mais de uma exposição. A maioria envolveu saliva em pele íntegra ou em mucosa. Menos da metade deles referiu participação em capacitações abordando risco biológico e biossegurança. Agentes comunitários de saúde foram expostos a material biológico e, predominantemente, não estavam preparados. Políticas públicas direcionadas a estes trabalhadores devem contemplar claramente o risco biológico e seu controle para direcionar estratégias, conferir proteção trabalhista e garantir a incorporação desta temática na formação desse grupo.
Qualidade de vida e cateterismo urinário no contexto da enfermagem em reabilitação: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Blanco Julia , Sousa Leandra Andréia de , Martins Gisele , Bentlin Jéssica Perrucino , Castilho Sofia Selpis , Fumincelli Laís
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: identificar as evidências científicas sobre a atuação de enfermagem na qualidade de vida de crianças e adultos em uso do cateterismo urinário e seus cuidadores no contexto de reabilitação. Método: revisão integrativa de literatura, através de questão norteadora “Qual a produção de conhecimento sobre a atuação de enfermagem na Qualidade de Vida de crianças e adultos em uso do cateterismo urinário e seus cuidadores no contexto de reabilitação?”, em três bases de dados com os descritores cateterismo urinário, qualidade de vida e enfermagem. Foram incluídos 23 estudos, publicados no período de 2011 a 2020, realizados em mais de um país, em especial na população brasileira. Resultados: as principais atuações da enfermagem foram: educação em saúde, atividades de orientação em grupo, uso de simuladores e teleatendimentos. Conclusão: as contribuições do enfermeiro em reabilitação estão direcionadas ao cuidado integral e eficaz para promoção de melhores terapêuticas e uma maior qualidade de vida.
Validação de cenários simulados para estudantes de enfermagem: avaliação e tratamento de Lesão por Pressão
Authors: Rocha Liandra Aparecida Cezario , Gorla Bruna Caroline , Jorge Beatriz Maria , Afonso Maria Gabriela , Santos Elaine Cristina Negri , Miranda Fernanda Berchelli Girão
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: validar cenários simulados para ensino e aprendizagem de estudantes de enfermagem sobre avaliação e tratamento de Lesão por Pressão. Método: estudo metodológico, com cenários construídos por meio do referencial de Fabri e normas de práticas recomendadas da International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation and Learning. A seleção dos juízes seguiu os critérios de Fehring e snowball technique, a coleta de dados ocorreu em duas etapas conforme Delphi. A análise dos resultados considerou o nível de concordância 0,80. Resultados: dois cenários foram validados resultando o Scale-Level Content Validity Index global maior que 0,80; ambos compõem itens sobre o conhecimento prévio do aprendiz, objetivo geral e específicos de aprendizagem, fundamentação teórica, responsáveis, complexidade, documentação, Briefing, tema, recursos humanos e materiais, público-alvo, treino da equipe, Debriefing eavaliação. Conclusões: cenários simulados foram validados para o ensino-aprendizagem de estudantes de enfermagem, para avaliar e tratar Lesão por Pressão no contexto hospitalar e domiciliar.
Identificação do paciente recém-nascido: revisão de escopo
Authors: Rissi Gabrieli Patricio , Shibukawa Bianca Machado Cruz , Ferreira Andressa Martins Dias , Uema Roberta Tognollo Borotta , Merino Maria de Fátima Garcia Lopes , Higarashi Ieda Harumi
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Mapear quais as evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre as formas de identificação de recém-nascidos hospitalizados. Método: Revisão de escopo baseada nos pressupostos do método de revisão do Instituto Joanna Briggs. O levantamento bibliográfico foi realizado em 22 bases de dados relacionadas a área da saúde. Resultados: Identificou-se inicialmente 785 estudos, sendo que apenas 11 compuseram a amostra. Verificou-se majoritariamente a utilização de pulseiras de identificação, com exceção de um estudo que levantou a segurança em realizar amostragem de Ácido Desoxirribonucleico. Observou-se variação tanto da estrutura física das pulseiras como das informações nelas contidas. Conclusão: Destaca-se a importância da escolha correta do método de identificação em recém-nascidos, especialmente ao considerar as peculiaridades que essa população apresenta.
Perspectivas da Prática Avançada de Enfermagem no processo de cuidado gerontológico: revisão integrativa
Authors: Silva Carlos Jordão de Assis , Cassiano Alexandra do Nascimento , Lima Mônica Cristina Ribeiro Alexandre d’Auria de , Peruhype Rarianne Carvalho , Queiroz Ana Angélica Rêgo de , Menezes Rejane Maria Paiva de
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Identificar as características da Prática Avançada de Enfermagem na atenção à saúde da pessoa idosa. Métodos: Revisão integrativa da literatura para responder o questionamento: “Quais as características da Prática Avançada de Enfermagem na atenção à saúde da pessoa idosa?”. A busca ocorreu nas bases LILACS, Science Direct, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL e Scopus em novembro de 2020. Resultados: Após leitura e análise, 17 artigos compuseram a amostra final desta revisão. Os dados foram analisados por meio de categorias temáticas. Conclusão: A Prática Avançada de Enfermagem no cuidado gerontológico perpassa todos os níveis de complexidade e contempla o planejamento do cuidado com base na avaliação clínica precisa do paciente idoso, a implementação da educação em saúde para melhoria da qualidade de vida dos idosos e a educação em saúde e capacitação profissional para o cuidado gerontológico, assim como a utilização de teorias e modelos assistenciais para gestão do cuidado.