bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical Simulation of Photoacoustic Effect in One-Dimensional Carbon Nanostructures
Authors: Romanov Oleg , Timoshchenko Igor
Published: December 2022

The paper describes methods for theoretical and numerical simulation of the photoacoustic effect that occurs in one-dimensional carbon micro- and nanostructures under an action of pulsed laser radiation. The proposed numerical modeling technique is based on solving the equations of motion of continuous media in the Lagrange form for spatially inhomogeneous media. This model makes it possible to calculate fields of temperature, pressure, density, and velocity of the medium depending on the parameters of laser pulses and characteristics of micro- and nanostructures.
Force-dependent Fluxes of Adiabatic Classical and Quantum Rocking Ratchets
Authors: Shapochkina I. V. , Rozenbaum V. M.
Published: December 2022

We consider the adiabatic mode of Brownian particle motion in a periodic potential under the action of symmetric dichotomous fluctuations of an external force F with zero mean value (rocking ratchet), in which the fluctuation frequency is much less than the inverse relaxation time of the particle in each of the states of the dichotomous process. Expressions are given for force-dependent fluxes of an adiabatic classical rocking ratchet. In the absence of thermal fluctuations, within the semiclassical approximation, analytical expressions are obtained for the rocking-ratchet tunneling flux in a sawtooth periodic potential of arbitrary asymmetry and in the potential of two sinusoids. It is shown that the tunneling flux has a linear asymptotics in modulus of small F due to (i) the absence of reverse tunneling fluxes with respect to the direction F and (ii) the root dependence of the integrand of the Gamow formula on the potential energy. The main parameters of the model are the energy barrier V0 and the period L of the potentials, as well as the rocking force F and the asymmetry parameter ξ = l / L of the sawtooth potential with the width of one of its teeth equal to l. It is shown that the direction of quantum ratchet motion is opposite to the motion direction of the corresponding classical ratchet in a limited range of values of the rocking force |F| L / V0 < αc , where the parameter αc changes from the value α1 = (√5 − 1) / 2 ≈ 0.618 for the extremely asymmetric sawtooth potential (ξ = 1) to the value α2 = 2 / 3 ≈ 0.667 for the symmetric potential (ξ= 1 / 2). In the range of values α2 < αc < α2, the sign of the tunneling flux changes with the change in the asymmetry parameter ξ. Numerical calculations for the potential of two sinusoids corresponding to the effective value ξ ≈ 0.655 of the asymmetry lead to similar results with αc ≈ 0.81.
Nonlinear Dynamics of Radiation in Multiple-Beam Vacuum Electronic Devices
Authors: Sytova S. N.
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to overview of different types of vacuum electronic devices with two or more charged particle beams. There are travelling wave and backward wave tubes, free electron lasers and masers, volume free electron lasers. Two different cases take place in such situation: multiple-beam instability in such devices and multiple-stream instability. In the first case some charged particle beams moves in the system with different velocities. In the second one there are beams with almost equal velocities (streams). Two systems of equations for volume free electron laser with two electron beams are proposed. Some numerical results of VFEL numerical simulation are given and discussed.
On Integrability of a Third-Order Complex Nonlinear Wave Equation
Authors: Sakovich Sergei
Published: December 2022

We show that the new third-order complex nonlinear wave equation, introduced recently by Müller-Hoissen [arXiv:2202.04512], does not pass the Painlevé test for integrability. We find two reductions of this equation, one integrable and one non-integrable, whose solutions jointly cover all solutions of the original equation.
THE EFFECT OF THINK PAIR SHARE (TPS) TECHNIQUE TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ WRITING SKILL ON DESCRIPTIVE TEXT AT TENTH GRADE OF SMAN 2 KAB. TANGERANG IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2018/2019
Authors: Abidah Mahraodatul , Sabur Ambuy
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTThis research was conducted to find out the effectiveness of Think Pair Share (TPS) technique to teach Students’ Writing Skill in Descriptive Text at Tenth Grade Students of SMAN 2 Kab Tangerang. The aim of this research is to find out the significant effect of Think Pair Share (TPS) technique to improve Students’ Writing Skill in Descriptive Text at Tenth Grade Students of SMAN 2 Kab Tangerang. The population of this research was Tenth Grade Students of SMAN 2 Kab Tangerang. The writer took the homogeneity two classes namely first experimental class using think pair share technique with 33 students as the sample and control class without using think pair share technique with 35 students as the sample. This research used quasi experimental group - non-equivalent control group design. The writer used pre-test and post-test to get the data. The pre-test was given before treatment while post-test was given after treatments for both classes. Based on the result of this research, the writer took conclusion there are some significant differences between experimental and control class. The average score for the experimental class was 65.33 for the pre-test and 70.67 for the post-test. While the average score for the control class was 64.057 for the pre-test and 67.23 for the post-test. It means that there is an improvement of the students’ achievement in writing descriptive texts. Each class has different achievement. The achievement of the experimental class is higher than the control class. In the result of post-test of experimental class was 70.67 which where higher than the control class 67.23. It means that writing a descriptive text by using Think Pair Share (TPS) Technique is better than writing descriptive texts without Think Pair Share (TPS) Technique.Keyword: Descriptive text, Think Pair Share (TPS) technique, Writing skill
THE EFFECT OF COLLABORATIVE WRITING TOWARDS STUDENTS’ WRITING SKILL AT TENTH GRADE OF SMAN 10 TANGERANG IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2020/2021
Authors: Adinsyah Divi , Nirmala Nirna
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTThe aim of this research was to know whether there is a significant effect of collaborative writing strategy at the tenth grade of SMAN 10 Tangerang. This research is quasi-experiment and was conducted by using a quantitative method, with 35 students as the sample which taken non-random by using purposive sampling. The Population was students at the tenth grade of SMAN 10 Tangerang. The hypothesis data was tested using the formula of Wilcoxon Sign Rank. The result of the study showed that effect of collaborative writing gave positive significant effect towards students’ writing skill. The reaction of students towards collaborative writing showed a significant result. Their score increased because of students learnt how to produce a genre text (recount text) with their peers who had a score which is above the minimum criteria. Students who had a score below minimum criteria. got guidance from their peers who had score above minimum criteria. Moreover, students had pre-test scores which are below minimum criteria, got increased score of post-tests after getting guidance by their peers. In summary, there was an improvement in students’ writing skill after the implementation of learning how to produce text by using collaborative writing.Keywords: Writing Skill, Collaborative Writing.
Digital Flashcards as Media to Engage Students’ Vocabularies: A CAR Conducted to Young Learners at Windeerlust Course
Authors: Parahiba Yefona
Published: December 2022

One of the issues in teaching English to young learners is students’ low mastery of vocabulary due to unattractive learning activities. The lack of vocabulary mastery causes students’ low achievement. This case also happens in Windeerlust Course. Therefore, the researcher conducted this study.  The purpose of this study was to find out how digital flashcards were integrated into the learning process. The study was carried out in a class that consist of seven students at Windeerlust Course. The methodology implemented in this study was Classroom Action Research (CAR), which entails four steps: planning, data collection, observation, and reflection. The researcher used field notes, questionnaires, an interviewing guide, an observation checklist, documentation, and tests to gather data. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses were used for the research data analysis. Qualitative analysis was implemented to find the student learning behavior that was represented in their learning using flashcards. Quantitative analysis was implemented to measure students' vocabulary scores both before and after the research. The findings of this study demonstrate that utilizing digital flashcards to teach vocabulary increases students' attention and enthusiasm. Additionally, it has been discovered that using digital flash card might help children comprehend language better. After being taught vocabulary utilizing flashcards as a learning tool, students' vocabulary achievement has significantly improved.

                   

Keywords: Digital Flashcard; Vocabulary; Classroom Action Research; Young Learner; Language Learning.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN MOTORIK HALUS ANAK MELALUI PERMAINAN KOLASE KELOMPOK USIA 5-6 TAHUN DI TK BAKTI PERTIWI KECAMATAN PENAWARTAMA KABUPATEN TULANG BAWANG
Authors: ANGGRAINI PRADWITA -
Published: December 2022

Perkembangan motorik halus halus adalah kemampuan  yang terdapat pada setiap anak yang memerlukan dasar-dasar keterampilan melalui latihan, keterampilan motorik halus anak merupakan gerakan koordinasi antara mata dengan tangan sehingga memepengaruhi gerak otot kecil seperti jari tangan, lengan dan pergelangan tangan. Media kolase adalah suatu usaha yang dilakukan untuk mengembangkan motorik halus anak di TK Bakti Pertiwi Kecamatan Penawartama Kabupaten Tulang Bawang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana penggunaan media kolase dalam Mengembangkan Motorik Halus Anak  dan untuk mengetahui faktor pendukung dan penghambat penggunaan media kolase dalam Mengembangkan Motorik Halus Anak di TK Bakti Pertiwi Kecamatan Penawartama Kabupaten Tulang Bawang.

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Adapun teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah reduksi data, data display dan verification. Dan untuk menguji keabsahan menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan teknik.

            Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan media kolase dalam mengembangkan motorik halus pada anak di TK Bakti Pertiwi Kecamatan Penawartama Kabupaten Tulang Bawang menunjukkan hasil yang baik. Hasil pencapaian guru dalam mengembangkan motorik halus pada anak di TK Bakti Pertiwi Kecamatan Penawartama Kabupaten Tulang Bawang  adalah kemampuan dalam menempelkan benda disuatu gambar dan mengkoordinasi gerakan mata dan tangan, lengan,dan tubuh secara bersamaan. Faktor pendukung dalam penelitian ini adalah guru sebagai pendidik yang kreatif dalam menyampaikan pembelajaran, media yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran sesuai dengan kriteria, anak yang aktif dan memahami pembelajaran berkolase. Sedangkan faktor penghambat dalam pembelajaran kolase yaitu sebagian anak yang malas dalam belajaran kolase, gerak fisik anak, dan kurangnya rangsangan.

Kata Kunci: Perkembangan Motorik Halus,Media Kolase
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PROGRAM TANGERANG LIVE TERHADAP KEPUASAN MASYARAKAT DI KOTA TANGERANG
Authors: Setiawati Fitri
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi kebijakan program Tangerang Live (livable, investable, visitable, e-city), mengetahui tingkat pengenalan masyarakat, dan mengukur tingkat kepuasan masyarakat terhadap program Tangerang Live. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan bersifat deskriptif, sedangkan jenis penelitian menggunakan studi kasus. Sebagai informan di dalam penelitian ini adalah sampel yang dipilih secara purposive sebanyak 5 orang dengan alat analisis koding data menggunakan program NVivo 12. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi program Tangerang Live di Kota Tangerang sudah dilaksanakan dengan baik, dan sudah melalui tahapan perencanaan. Akan tetapi di dalam perumusan program tetap perlu melibatkan semua unsur pimpinan birokrasi mulai dari pimpinan level atas, menengah dan bawah. Pemerintah Kota Tangerang juga perlu melakukan langkah evaluasi secara menyeluruh terhadap program yang sedang di jalankan selama ini. Pada tingkat pengenalan terhadap program Tangerang Live ditemukan bahwa pemerintah Kota Tangerang perlu melakukan sosialisasi secara masif kepada masyarakat. Langkah sosialisasi itu berupa memperkenalkan program Tangerang Live dan memperkenalkan aplikasi Tangerang Live. Pada kepuasan masyarakat  ditemukan bahwa pemerintah Kota Tangerang harus terus mempertahankan tingkat kepuasan masyarakat yang sudah cukup tinggi, baik kepuasan terhadap layanan aplikasi Tangerang Live atau item-item program yang menjadi indikator program Tangerang Live.
ANALISIS MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DARING DAN BLENDED LEARNING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Hamzah Nizar Haris
Published: December 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui hubungan pembelajaran daring dan blended learning terhadap hasil belajar Pendidikan jasmani pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif survei. Sampel penelitian ini yaitu 132 siswa dalam gugus 3 kecamatan susukan kabupaten Cirebon. Data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini dengan angket skala Likert dan dokumen ulangan harian hasil belajar siswa dalam satu semester. Teknik analisis yang digunakan yaitu analisis hubungan ganda. Berdasarkan analisis data, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelaksanaan model pembelajaran daring dan model pembelajaran Blended Learning tidak ada hubungan terhadap hasil belajar siswa yang diperolehnya. p-value (sig) 0,000 <0,05 (5%), person correlation coefficient 0,143
MODEL OLAHRAGA KEBUGARAN JASMANI DI MASA PENDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Hifdzullah Faiz
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) apakah olahraga mempengaruhi kebugaran jasmani dimasa pendemi; (2) apakah pola olahraga sebelum masa pendemi mempengaruhi kebugaran jasmani setelah masa pendemi; (3) apakah sosial ekonomi mempengaruhi kebugaran jasmani dimasa pendemi; (4) apakah latar belakang pendidikan mempengaruhi kebugaran jasmani dimasa pendemi. Rumusan masalah dalam peneilitian yaitu: (1) apakah olahraga dengan teratur bisa menjaga kebugaran jasmani di masa pendemi; (2) apakah pola olahraga sebelum masa pendemi mempengaruhi kebugaran jasmani; (3) apakan sosial ekonomi mempengaruhi kebugaran jasmani; (4) apakah latar belakang pendidikan mempengaruhi kebugaran jasmani. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif yang menggunakan metode penelitian survei. Penelitian ini mengambil populasi dari masyarakat, dikarenakan corona virus ini tidak melihat usia terdampak, memenuhi klasifikasi dari karakteristik yang akan diteliti yaitu memiliki umur pada fase (15-63 tahun).Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan sebelumnya model olehraga kebugaran jasmani dimasa pandemic Covid-19 di ketahui bahwa hasil baik dengan presentase sebesar 30%, pada kategori sedang sebesar 33%, pada kategori kurang 33% dan pada kategori sangat baik 3%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat diartikan keadaan pandemic memiliki dampak terhadap kebugaran jasmani seseorang dinilai dari aktifitas fisiknya.
Нелинейные методы расчетов при проведении научно-технического сопровождения
Authors: ДОРОЖИНСКИЙ Владимир Богданович
Published: December 2022

Рассмотрен пример расчета здания повышенного уровня ответственности нелинейным прямым динамическим методом при проведении научно-технического сопровождения на площадке с интенсивностью сейсмического воздействия в восемь баллов. Расчеты выполнялись с учетом геометрической и физической нелинейности. Приведены изополя интенсивности напряжений и пластических деформаций в элементах конструкций, графики изменения этих величин во времени. При анализе результатов расчета оценивалось перераспределение усилий, напряжений при неупругой работе материала и отказе отдельных элементов во времени, возможность обрушения всего здания при таких повреждениях. По результатам исследований были даны рекомендации по корректировке конструктивных решений (применение балочных перекрытий; соосность горизонтальных и вертикальных конструкций для восприятия и передачи горизонтальных усилий; положение вертикальных конструкций и ядер жестокости и др.). Сделан вывод о том, что исследование работы конструкций нелинейным динамическим методом позволит повысить надежность и сейсмостойкость рассматриваемых объектов.
BUILDING TRUST IN THE FINANCIAL MARKET
Authors:    All-Russian Academy of Foreign Trade of the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation, ILYICHEV  MIKHAIL
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study is to identify the essence of trust in the financial market, which is aimed at improving the material well-being of citizens of the Russian Federation and corresponds to the implementation of national goals and priorities in the country. This article uses a dialectical approach to identify the essence of the phenomenon of trust in the financial market and determining the methodology for coordinating the interests of economic agents for economic development.
FORMATION OF TRUST IN THE FINANCIAL MARKET BY ECONOMIC INSTITUTIONS
Authors:   All-Russian Academy of Foreign Trade of the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation, ILYICHEV  MIKHAIL
Published: December 2022

This article is a continuation of the study of the problem of trust in the financial market, raised in the article «Formation of trust in the financial market: to the theory of the issue», published in the journal «Problems of Economics and Legal Practice» No. 2, 2022. This article uses a dialectical approach to identify the essence of the phenomenon of trust in the financial market. The author analyzes the process of trust formation by economic and public institutions in the financial market and gives recommendations on the formation of trust in the Russian financial market, which would contribute to the development of the real sector of the economy of the Russian Federation.
Rethinking Library and Information Services amidst Virulent Covid-19 Global Pandemic
Authors: ADESİNA Olabisi , OYEDOKUN Tunde Toyese , AMBALİ Zainab , DOLAPO MEDİNAT Laaro
Published: December 2022

The COVID-19 global pandemic is a huge learning curve and an opportunity for librarians to renew their interest in what support libraries can offer in times of disaster. The pandemic, with how serious it was, showed how relevant and not obsolete the library is, as some people tend to think. This paper sought to provide an in-depth account of new and innovative library services in response to the pandemic. The pandemic generated a lot of concern among the populace, and people desperately need relevant and curated information to stay calm, safe, and healthy. People would only remain vulnerable to the onslaught of the pandemic if they were not provided with access to verified information. A systematic review of the selected literature indicated that, despite the restrictions, libraries were able to integrate digital technologies into their services for the benefit of the populace. Innovative services were introduced to maintain relevance, which resulted in a continuous increase in online users' engagement. Library websites have also become a place to be for users interested in reading quality content and verifying information. Even though libraries are already reopening to users, there is still a general willingness to continue with online services.
Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik Saat Pandemi Covid-19 dengan Tingkat Nyeri Dismenore Primer
Authors: Aulia Leviany , Wijaya Yosi Maria , Nuratri Asri Endah
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh keluhan mahasiswi yang mengalami dismenore dan merasa aktivitasnya terganggu. Padahal gejala dismenore dapat diatasi dengan latihan fisik, terapi farmakologi dan non farmakologi. Kurangnya olahraga merupakan salah satu faktor risiko keparahan nyeri dismenore. Apalagi di masa pandemi COVID-19, olahraga menjadi salah satu aktivitas fisik terpenting untuk menjaga kekebalan dan kesehatan fisik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara aktivitas fisik pada masa pandemi COVID-19 dengan derajat nyeri desminore yang dialami mahasiswi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan cross-sectional dan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF). Pengambilan teknik sampel menggunakan purposive sampling sebanyak 194 responden. Hasil uji statistik rank Spearman menunjukkan adanya korelasi antara tingkat latihan fisik selama pandemi Covid-19 dengan tingkat nyeri disminore primer, dimana nilai r = -0,745 dan P-value <0,05. Hasil studi ini dapat diberikan kepada lembaga pendidikan untuk mengadakan program aktivitas fisik bersama.
PRODUCTIVITY AND COMPOSITION OF GRASSLANDS FOR PASTURE USE IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE EUROPEAN NORTH OF RUSSIA
Authors: PRYaDIL'SchIKOVA Elena , VAHRUShEVA Vera
Published: December 2022

The scientific work presents the results of 2017–2021, obtained at the experimental field of the Northwestern Dairy Farming and Grassland Management Research Institute in the Vologda region, on the influence of purposefully selected species and varieties of cereals and legumes, complementing festulolium and ryegrass, on the productivity and botanical composition of agrophytocenoses of the European North of the Russian Federation. The soil of the experimental site is sod-podzolic, medium cultivated, medium loamy. The scientific experience consists of 10 variants (including a control consisting of fescue, timothy and bluegrass), the repetition is threefold. Observations and records were carried out according to the methods generally accepted in forestry at the V.R. Williams Research Institute of Forage. The processing of yield data will be carried out by the method of variance analysis described in the "Methodology of field experience" by B.A. Dospekhov. It was found that on average, over 4 years of research on cereal grass with the use of fertilizers, productivity was 6.1–7.2 tons of dry weight, the content of feed units was 5.0–5.8 thousand, digestible protein 0.7–0.8 tons, metabolic energy 610–72.0 GJ per hectare. On legumes and cereals grass stands with the inclusion of meadow and creeping clover, the production indicators were: dry the weight is 8.2–8.4 tons, the metabolic energy is 84.8–87.6 GJ, the collection of feed units is 7.1–7.3 thousand and crude protein is 1.1–1.6 tons per hectare.
PECULIARITIES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF WHITE MUSTARD UNDER DIFFERENT TERMS AND NORMS OF SOWING
Authors: Marinin Nikita
Published: December 2022

A review of the literature on the significance, biological features and use of white mustard for seeds in the forest zone, as well as the ratio of white mustard to the limiting factors of the norm and the time of sowing is presented. White mustard is one of the most precocious crops of the cabbage family. The research was carried out in the forest zone of the European part of Russia. The relationship between the timing of sowing and the seeding rate of white mustard of the Lugovskaya variety in the conditions of the forest zone of the European part of Russia has been established. The optimal sowing period is early sowing — at the onset of physical ripeness of the soil. White mustard plants develop better. When sowing 10–20 days later from the optimal time, the development of plants accelerates to 6–14 days, the duration of interphase periods decreases, which negatively affects the final yield per hectare. With an increase in the rate of sowing, field germination decreases from 100 to 53% when sown early and from 54 to 22% when sown after 2 weeks. There is an overspending of the seed material without an increase in yield.
Staphylococcus aureus adaptive evolution: Recent insights on how immune evasion, immunometabolic subversion and host genetics impact vaccine development
Authors: Wong Fok Lung Tania , Chan Liana C. , Prince Alice , Yeaman Michael R. , Archer Nathan K. , Aman M. Javad , Proctor Richard A.
Published: December 2022

Despite meritorious attempts, a S. aureus vaccine that prevents infection or mitigates severity has not yet achieved efficacy endpoints in prospective, randomized clinical trials. This experience underscores the complexity of host-S. aureus interactions, which appear to be greater than many other bacterial pathogens against which successful vaccines have been developed. It is increasingly evident that S. aureus employs strategic countermeasures to evade or exploit human immune responses. From entering host cells to persist in stealthy intracellular reservoirs, to sensing the environmental milieu and leveraging bacterial or host metabolic products to reprogram host immune responses, S. aureus poses considerable challenges for the development of effective vaccines. The fact that this pathogen causes distinct types of infections and can undergo transient genetic, transcriptional or metabolic adaptations in vivo that do not occur in vitro compounds challenges in vaccine development. Notably, the metabolic versatility of both bacterial and host immune cells as they compete for available substrates within specific tissues inevitably impacts the variable repertoire of gene products that may or may not be vaccine antigens. In this respect, S. aureus has chameleon phenotypes that have alluded vaccine strategies thus far. Nonetheless, a number of recent studies have also revealed important new insights into pathogenesis vulnerabilities of S. aureus. A more detailed understanding of host protective immune defenses versus S. aureus adaptive immune evasion mechanisms may offer breakthroughs in the development of effective vaccines, but at present this goal remains a very high bar. Coupled with the recent advances in human genetics and epigenetics, newer vaccine technologies may enable such a goal. If so, future vaccines that protect against or mitigate the severity of S. aureus infections are likely to emerge at the intersection of precision and personalized medicine. For now, the development of S. aureus vaccines or alternative therapies that reduce mortality and morbidity must continue to be pursued.
Early intestinal microbiota changes in aged and adult mice with sepsis
Authors: Yuan Yangyang , Liu Shaohua , Ding Xianfei , Li Ying , Zhang Xiaojuan , Song Heng , Qi Xueyan , Zhang Zihao , Guo Kaiyuan , Sun Tongwen
Published: December 2022

Background

The mortality rate associated with sepsis in elderly individuals is higher than that in younger individuals. The intestinal microbiota has been demonstrated to play an important role in the occurrence and development of sepsis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in the intestinal microbiota between aged and adult mice with sepsis.

Methods

Thirty male C57BL mice were randomly divided into two groups: 15 in the adult group (AD group) and 15 in the age group (Age group). All the mice underwent caecal ligation and puncture to induce sepsis. Mice faeces were collected, and analysed using 16S rRNA sequencing. The liver and colon tissues were collected.

Results

There were significant differences in intestinal microbiota composition between the two groups. Compared with adult sepsis mice, the diversity of intestinal microbiota in the aged group was significantly reduced and the structure of dominant intestinal microbiota was changed. In the Age group, the microbiota associated with inflammatory factors increased, and the microbiota associated with the production of SCFAs (Ruminiclostridium, Prevotellaceae_UCG-001, Rikenella, Parabacteroides, Oscillibacter, Odoribacter, Muribaculum, Lachnoclostridium, Intestinimonas, Faecalibaculum, Anaerotruncus, Alloprevotella and Absiella) decreased. The metabolic pathways related to the microbiota also changed. Moreover, the proportion of inflammatory factors in Age group was higher than that in AD group.

Conclusion

Our results showed that there were significant differences in the abundance and structure of microbiota between aged and adult sepsis mice, Aged sepsis mice have more severe intestinal microbiota destruction and liver tissue inflammation than adult sepsis mice.
Improvement of Ant Colony Algorithm Performance for the Job-Shop Scheduling Problem Using Evolutionary Adaptation and Software Realization Heuristics
Authors: Matrenin Pavel V.
Published: December 2022

Planning tasks are important in construction, manufacturing, logistics, and education. At the same time, scheduling problems belong to the class of NP-hard optimization problems. Ant colony algorithm optimization is one of the most common swarm intelligence algorithms and is a leader in solving complex optimization problems in graphs. This paper discusses the solution to the job-shop scheduling problem using the ant colony optimization algorithm. An original way of representing the scheduling problem in the form of a graph, which increases the flexibility of the approach and allows for taking into account additional restrictions in the scheduling problems, is proposed. A dynamic evolutionary adaptation of the algorithm to the conditions of the problem is proposed based on the genetic algorithm. In addition, some heuristic techniques that make it possible to increase the performance of the software implementation of this evolutionary ant colony algorithm are presented. One of these techniques is parallelization; therefore, a study of the algorithm’s parallelization effectiveness was made. The obtained results are compared with the results of other authors on test problems of scheduling. It is shown that the best heuristics coefficients of the ant colony optimization algorithm differ even for similar job-shop scheduling problems.
A General Computational Approach for Counting Labeled Graphs
Authors: Goyal Ravi , De Gruttola Victor
Published: December 2022

This paper presents a general recursive formula to estimate the number of labeled graphs as well as details to evaluate the formula for the following graph properties: number of edges (graph density), degree sequence, degree distribution, classification mixing, and degree mixing, i.e., the formula estimates the number of labeled graphs that have given values for graph properties. The proposed approach can be extended to additional graph properties (e.g., number of triangles) as well as properties of bipartite graphs. For special settings in which formulas exist from previous research, simulation studies demonstrate the validity of the proposed approach. In addition, we demonstrate how our approach can be used to quantify the level of variability in values of a graph property in the subset of graphs that hold a specified value of a different graph property (or properties) constant.
Some Recent Developments in the Vibration Control and Structure Health Monitoring
Authors: Guo Siu-Siu , Kim Jinkoo
Published: December 2022

Vibration is a common phenomenon when a structure is exposed to mechanical or environmental actions [...]
Random Dynamic Load Identification with Noise for Aircraft via Attention Based 1D-CNN
Authors: He Wenbo , Zhang Xiaoqiang , Feng Zhenyu , Leng Qiqi , Xu Bufeng , Li Xinmin
Published: December 2022

Dynamic load identification plays an important role in the field of fault diagnosis and structural modification design for aircraft. In conventional dynamic load identification approaches, accurate structural modeling is usually needed, which is difficult to obtain for highly nonlinear or unknown structures. In this paper, a one-dimensional convolution neural network with multiple modules is proposed for random dynamic load identification of aircraft. Firstly, the convolution module is designed for temporal feature extraction. Secondly, the extracted features are linearly weighted based on the contributions to the final output. The contributions are learned in a data driven manner via the designed attention module. Lastly, the dynamic load of a certain time stamp is predicted from the learned and weighted features. The proposed model is trained and tested using the real data from a GARTEUR aircraft model. Extensive experimental results with qualitative and quantitative evaluations have demonstrated the identification performance with satisfactory accuracy of the proposed approach under different strengths of load noises.
Data Classification and Demand Prediction Methods Based on Semi-Supervised Agricultural Machinery Spare Parts Data
Authors: Qiu Conghui , Zhao Bo , Liu Suchun , Zhang Weipeng , Zhou Liming , Li Yashuo , Guo Ruoyu
Published: December 2022

Because of the continuous improvement of technology, mechanization has emerged in various fields. Due to the different suitable seasons for the growth of agricultural plants, agricultural mechanization faces problems different from other industries. That is, agricultural machinery and equipment may be used frequently for a period of time, or may be idle for a long time. This leads to the aging of equipment no longer becoming regular, the maintenance time of spare parts is not fixed, the number of spare parts stored in the spare parts warehouse cannot be too large to occupy funds, and the number cannot be too small to meet the maintenance needs, so the prediction of agricultural machinery spare parts has become particularly important. Due to the lack of information, the difficulty of labeling, and the imbalance of positive and negative sample classification, this paper used a semi-supervised learning algorithm to solve the problem of agricultural machinery spare parts data classification. In order to forecast the demand for spare parts of agricultural machinery, this paper compared the IPSO-BP neural network algorithm and BP neural network algorithm. It was found that the IPSO-BP neural network was used to forecast the demand for spare parts of agricultural machinery, and the error between the predicted value and the actual value was small and met the accuracy requirements.
Effect of Protein Gel Treatments on Biometric and Biochemical Attributes of Tomato Seedlings in Greenhouse Condition
Authors: Balan Daniela , Luţă Gabriela , Stanca Maria , Jerca Ovidiu , Niculescu Mihaela , Gaidau Carmen , Jurcoane Stefana , Mihalcea Antoaneta
Published: December 2022

Protein hydrolysates are widely used in agricultural crops for improving plant nutrient uptake, growth, yield, and fruit quality. Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is one of the most important vegetables consumed around the world both for its good taste and rich content in vitamins, minerals, lycopene, and β-carotene. The objective of the present study was to assess the effect of new stimulant products based on protein hydrolysates obtained from animal tissue by-products on tomato seedlings. Given the increased intake of amino acids, it is expected that this treatment will exert beneficial effects on the development of certain vigorous seedlings, representing the premise for obtaining superior tomato plants and the improvement of the production and quality of tomato fruit. Two variants of protein gels based on gelatin and keratin hydrolysates were obtained by processing bovine hide and wool and were used for periodical root applications on tomato seedlings cultivated in a greenhouse. During the experiment, the biometric characteristics of seedlings were measured weekly. The content of photosynthetic pigments, dry weight, sugars, and polyphenols were analyzed, and the antioxidant activity was assessed in the leaves. The research performed showed that applied biostimulant treatments increased the content of photosynthetic pigments by 10%, the content of sugars by 75%, and the content of polyphenols by 16% compared to the control untreated variant. Between the variants of protein gels tested, the best results were obtained by applying a mixture of bovine gelatin and keratin.
Optimal Path Generation with Obstacle Avoidance and Subfield Connection for an Autonomous Tractor
Authors: Parsons Tyler , Hanafi Sheikhha Fattah , Ahmadi Khiyavi Omid , Seo Jaho , Kim Wongun , Lee Sangdae
Published: December 2022

As autonomous tractors become more common crop harvesting applications, the need to optimize the global servicing path becomes crucial for maximizing efficiency and crop yield. In recent years, several methods of path generation have been researched, but very few have studied their applications on complex field shapes. In this study, a method of creating the optimal servicing path for simple and complex field shapes is proposed. The proposed algorithm creates subfields for a target land, optimizes the track direction for several subfields individually, merges subfields that result in overall increased efficiency, and finds the minimum non-operating paths to travel from subfield to subfield while selecting the respective optimal subfield starting locations. Additionally, it is required that this process must be done within 3 seconds to meet performance requirements. Results from 3 separate field shapes show that the field traversal efficiency can range from 68.0% to 94.4%, and the coverage ratio can range from 98.8% to 99.9% for several different conditions. In comparison with previous studies using the same field shape, the proposed methods demonstrate an increase of 5.5% in field traversal efficiency.
The Impact of a “National Green Export Review” on Competitiveness: Empirical Evidence for Ecuador’s Fish Exports
Authors: Emam Md Ali , Leibrecht Markus , Chen Tinggui
Published: December 2022

Fish products comprise more than 20% of total Ecuadorian exports. Ecuador introduced the “National Green Export Review” (NGER) in 2015, which aims at making Ecuador’s fishing industry more sustainable to improve the international market access to Ecuador’s fish products. Has this policy achieved its goal? In order to answer this question, this article applies the local projection approach to explore the dynamic impact of the NGER on Ecuador’s share of fish exports in the world fish market. Contrary to expectations, the results are consistent with the view that the NGER does not enhance Ecuador’s competitiveness. The NGER is also not able to compensate for the fall in Ecuador’s share in the world fish market, which has been induced by a change in consumer preferences for tuna and shrimp, Ecuador’s main fish products. The concluding section of the paper provides policy advice on how to make the NGER more effective in achieving its goal.
Applying Silver Nanoparticles to Enhance Metabolite Accumulation and Biodiesel Production in New Algal Resources
Authors: Hasnain Maria , Munir Neelma , Abideen Zainul , Dias Daniel Anthony , Aslam Farheen , Mancinelli Roberto
Published: December 2022

Biofuel generation from algae can be increased by using nanotechnology. The present study emphasizes the use of silver nanoparticles on algae for algal fuel generation along with the impact of nanoparticles on biomass, metabolites and lipid profile. Silver ion amassing was enhanced in each algal species, but maximum phytoremediation was found in Ulothrix sp. Carbohydrates increased 3.2 times in Oedogonium sp., 3.3 times in Ulothrix sp., 3 times in Cladophora sp. and 2.7 times in Spirogyra sp. Additionally, the application of nanoparticles enhanced by 2 times the production of proteins in Oedogonium sp., 1.9 times in Ulothrix sp., 1.9 times in Cladophora sp. and 2.1 times in Spirogyra sp. Finally, the total lipid yield increased 60% DCW in Oedogonium sp., 56% DCW in Ulothrix sp., 58% DCW in Cladophora sp. and 63% DCW in Spirogyra sp. using 0.08 mg/L silver nanoparticle application. The lipids and fatty acid fractions from algae containing high concentrations of C16:0, C18:0 and C18:1 enhanced with silver nanoparticle addition were comparable with EN 14214 and ASTM 6751 biodiesel standards. This study indicates that the uptake of AgNPs can enhance the production of fatty acids and be commercialized as sustainable biodiesel. The algae Ulothrix sp. is evidenced as the best competent feedstock for biofuel production.
Quality Profile of Several Monofloral Romanian Honeys
Authors: Pop Ioan Mircea , Simeanu Daniel , Cucu-Man Simona-Maria , Pui Aurel , Albu Aida
Published: December 2022

The objective of this research was to evaluate some quality-defining physicochemical parameters (moisture, specific gravity, pH, free acidity, ash, electrical conductivity, total phenols, and total flavonoids content, K, Ca, Mg, Na, and P) of seven Romanian monofloral honeys (linden, acacia, rapeseed, sunflower, mint, raspberry, and chestnut) collected in 2017. The investigated quality parameters are mainly within the recommended limits set by standards for honey. Sample analyses indicate the presence of antioxidants, such as TPC (17.9–73.2 mg GAE/100 g) and TFC (0.84–4.81 mg QE/100 g), and high amounts of K (101–1462 mg kg−1), Ca (58.3–167.5 mg kg−1), Mg (24.8–330.6 mg kg−1), Na (94.5–233.3 mg kg−1), and P (34.1–137.2 mg kg−1). The Pearson’s correlations between some parameters (such as color/TFC, color/Mg, color/P, EC/Ash, mm Pfund/TFC, TPC/TFC, K/Ash, P/Mg), together with PCA, HCA, and ANOVA statistics, highlight three main factors that explain the variability in the dataset and could be attributed to stability, mineral, and color/antioxidant contributions. FTIR spectra confirm the authenticity of all the monofloral honeys. The results and data processing confirm the influence of environmental elements (soil, water, air) on the honey composition and highlight the quality of honey, as a complete food and a therapeutic product.
Soil Strength and Structural Stability Are Mediated by Soil Organic Matter Composition in Agricultural Expansion Areas of the Brazilian Cerrado Biome
Authors: Locatelli Jorge L. , de Lima Renato P. , Santos Rafael S. , Cherubin Maurício R. , Creamer Rachel E. , Cerri Carlos E. P.
Published: December 2022

A growing demand for resources has led to the expansion of agricultural areas worldwide. However, land conversion associated with poor soil management might lead to soil physical degradation. We investigated the effects of land conversion on soil physical properties in the Brazilian Cerrado region, under native Cerrado vegetation (NV)—pasture (PA) and NV—cropland (CL) conversion scenarios. Soil physical properties related to compaction, pore size distribution, and structure stability were assessed up to a 30 cm depth. Additionally, carbon levels of soil organic matter fractions (particulate and mineral-associated organic matter) were determined. Our results indicate that the compaction process equivalently reduced the soil porosity in PA and CL. However, soil penetration resistance was higher in PA (~2.5 MPa) than in CL (~1.5 MPa), as well as the stable mean weight diameter of soil aggregates. The highest total and labile organic carbon levels were observed in CL, while the lowest levels of total and labile organic carbon occurred in PA (smaller than in CL). These results suggest that the higher structural stability found in PA was mediated by the predominance of stabilized carbon (a decrease in the proportion of soil labile carbon), causing the gaining of soil strength under negligible soil volume variation (in comparison with CL). Our results suggest that the reduction in the soil porosity by compaction due to PA and CL uses can equivalently reduce macropore space and soil hydraulic functioning, and that soil carbon quality alterations (i.e., labile vs. stabilized fractions) are responsible for the gain in soil strength in long-term degraded PA areas. Future research should focus on understanding the magnitude in which soil organic matter controls soil physical attributes, such as soil strength in these expansion areas, and whether this gain in soil strength limits plant development and compromises productivity in the long term.
Body Length and Craniometrics of Non-Native Raccoons in Two Regions in Middle Japan during Early Invasion Stages
Authors: Kato Takuya , Yamasaki Fumiaki , Doi Kandai , Kawamichi Mieko , Hayama Shin-ichi
Published: December 2022

Although the genetic distribution of introduced raccoons (Procyon lotor) in recent years is well known, few studies have examined their morphometrics, especially the relationships between sex and age in the introduced populations. The aim of this study was to describe the morphological characteristics of raccoons from parts of eastern and western Japan during their early invasion stages, focusing on the relationships between body length and the principal component of craniometrics, with region, sex, age class, body length, and body mass index using a regression model. The body length increased more in males than females and in the older age class, supporting the association with intrasexual selection and competition for food resources. Positive relationships for body length and body mass index were found in craniometric analyses, particularly regarding cranial size components, in addition to age class for both sexes, while cranial size also differed between regions for females. The relationship between body length and craniometrics was inconsistent with that of subspecies originating in North America. Given the sympatric distribution of haplotypes of multiple subspecies without reproductive-isolating barriers in North America and in several introduced areas, hybridization must have occurred prior to the introduction or naturalization of this species.
Longitudinal Survey on aMPV Circulation in French Broiler Flocks following Different Vaccination Strategies
Authors: Lupini Caterina , Tucciarone Claudia Maria , Mescolini Giulia , Quaglia Giulia , Graziosi Giulia , Turblin Vincent , Brown Paul , Cecchinato Mattia , Legnardi Matteo , Delquigny Thomas , Lemiere Stéphane , Perreul Guillaume , Catelli Elena
Published: December 2022

In recent years, the impact of respiratory disease resulting from Avian Metapneumovirus (aMPV) infection has been generally rising in the broiler industry in Europe. In this context, in order to investigate aMPV contribution to the clinical picture and the potential benefits of diversified vaccination strategies compared to nonvaccination policies, a longitudinal monitoring was performed, also evaluating Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) presence. Broiler flocks located in Western France, where aMPV has already proven to be a health and productivity issue, were screened by RT-PCR on rhino-pharyngeal swabs, and the viruses were genetically characterized by sequence analysis. For a more comprehensive picture of aMPV molecular epidemiology and evolution in France, aMPV subtype B strains detected from 1985 to 1998 were sequenced and included in the analysis. The survey confirmed the detection of aMPV subtype B in commercial broiler flocks in France, together with a certain heterogeneity demonstrated by the circulation of more recent and historical French field strains. No IBV field strains were detected. The implementation and evaluation of different management choices and vaccine strategies suggests once again that immunization does not prevent infection but contributes greatly to the containment of the clinical manifestations.