bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Giant enhancement of optical nonlinearity from monolayer MoS2 using plasmonic nanocavity
Authors: Hou Liping , Li Haosong , Wang Qifa , Gan Xuetao , Xiao Fajun , Zhao Jianlin
Published: January 2024

The particle-on-mirror nanocavity, supporting multiple plasmonic resonances, provides an ideal platform to efficiently boost the nonlinear optical processes at the nanoscale. Here, we report on the enhancement of the second (SHG) and third-harmonic generations (THG) from the monolayer MoS2 using a multi-resonant Au nanosphere dimer-on-mirror nanocavity (DoMN). The strong plasmon hybridization between the dimer and underlying Au substrate leads to the emergence of two distinct cavity modes, which are intentionally aligned with the SH and TH frequencies, rendering a 15- and 68-fold enhancement for the SHG and THG of the monolayer MoS2, respectively. Further theoretical analysis yields that these remarkable nonlinearity enhancements are also ascribed to the amplification of nonlinear source because of the excellent spatial mode overlap and the high directivity of nonlinear emission enabled by the cavity modes. Our results pave the way for the implementation of low-cost, and highly efficient nonlinear photonics devices integrated with plasmonic nanocavities.
Evaluation of weak discontinuity in rotating medium with magnetic field, characteristic shock and weak discontinuity interaction
Authors: Nath Gorakh , Upadhyay Prakash
Published: January 2024

In this article we investigated the characteristic shock and weak discontinuity wave in a rotating medium of perfect gas in the case of one-dimensional (1-D) adiabatic motion under an axial magnetic field governed by the system of PDEs (partial differential equations). We have obtained some classes of analytical solutions of the system of PDEs that demonstrates the time-space dependency. With change in the values of rotational parameter, adiabatic index and the ratio of initial magnetic pressure to dynamic pressure, effect on the acceleration wave’s amplitude and jump in the flow variables across the characteristic shock is analyzed in detail. We have obtained an expression for the jump in shock acceleration, the amplitudes of transmitted and reflected waves caused by the incident wave on the characteristic shock after the interaction of a weak discontinuity. It is investigated that the jump function across the characteristic shock decay effect, and goes to 0 as time t → ∞, whereas a weak discontinuity wave may culminate into a shock wave, depending on the initial amplitude value. It is also found that the shock formation time reduces due to the consideration of magnetic field or rotating medium.
The potential capability of treated perlite for removal of penta chloro nitrobenzene
Authors: Gülen Jale , Deler Ömer
Published: January 2024

Perlite is an example of clayey type geologic mineral. Perlite is a cheap and abundant adsorbent and it can be used for versatile applications in food, pharmacy and chemistry industries. Perlite was chosen for the removal of penta chloro nitrobenzene (PCNB) pesticide. This pesticide is used for the control of fungi species in farming commonly. Adsorbent surface area and pore volumes were determined as 288.15 m2/g and 78.24 cm3/g (BET method). The characteristics of the adsorbent were furnished by evaluating the SEM and FTIR images. The adsorption equilibrium was reached in 80 min. Initial adsorbate concentration and pH of the medium were also investigated from this point of view. The experimental data were evaluated with proper isotherm models such as Langmuir, Freundlich and Halsey. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms give the best results. Monolayer capacity was found as 238.095 mg/g. The kinetic mechanisms of the phenomon was analyzed by employing the pseudo first and second order models. Pseudo first order kinetic results were better than the second one with the higher regression coefficients and close experimental and calculated uptake values. Those values were found as 0.615 and 0.6587 mg/g for 1 μg/mL aqueous pesticide solution. Activation energy was found approximately 5094 J/mol which was shown a physisorption mechanism of the adsorption. Activation energy is also employed for interpreting the sticking probability factor. The thermodynamic of adsorption were also evaluated and found as −2.385 J/g at the room temperature. The negative Gibbs energy shows the feasibility and spontaneous nature of PCNB removal on perlite.
Material Selection for Artificial Femur Bone Using PROMETHEE-GAIA Method
Authors: Tayyip Koçak Muhammed , Said Bayraklılar Mehmet , Kuncan Melih
Published: January 2024

When replacing bones and implants, choosing the right materials for the artificial bone and orthopedic implants is crucial to the procedure’s success. In this work, a thorough assessment of the literature was followed by a thorough and rigorous evaluation of prospective materials for prosthetic femurs using a multicriteria decision-making process known as PROMETHEE-GAIA (Preference Ranking Organization METHod for Enrichment Evaluation and Geometric Analysis for Interactive Assistance). The proposed approach was validated using a total of 12 assessment parameters, including density, tensile strength, and ultimate tensile strength, and 17 candidate materials. The significance of the chosen criteria is well described. These 17 candidate implant materials and the 12 assessment criteria were used to develop a choice matrix. Rankings over the prepared matrix were produced using the PROMETHEE-GAIA program. Ti-6Al-7Nb, Ti-6Al-4V, and ASTM F1537, Standard Specification for Wrought Cobalt-28Chromium-6Molybdenum Alloys for Surgical Implants (UNS R31537, UNS R31538, and UNS R31539), Co-Cr-W emerged as the top contenders and were demonstrated as possible materials for effective artificial femur materials because of the assessment. With a large number of pertinent criteria and a wide range of materials, this study offers a framework for the selection of implant materials. It also emphasizes how choosing materials carefully may increase the durability and efficiency of orthopedic implants.
Diurnal variation of brain activity in the human suprachiasmatic nucleus
Authors: Oka Satoshi , Ogawa Akitoshi , Osada Takahiro , Tanaka Masaki , Nakajima Koji , Kamagata Koji , Aoki Shigeki , Oshima Yasushi , Tanaka Sakae , Kirino Eiji , Nakamura Takahiro J. , Konishi Seiki
Published: January 2024

The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is the central clock for circadian rhythms. Animal studies have revealed daily rhythms in the neuronal activity in the SCN. However, the circadian activity of the human SCN has remained elusive. In this study, to reveal the diurnal variation of the SCN activity in humans, we localized the SCN by employing an areal boundary mapping technique to resting-state functional images and investigated the SCN activity using perfusion imaging. In the first experiment (n = 27, including both sexes), we scanned each participant four times a day, every six hours. Higher activity was observed at noon, while lower activity was recorded in the early morning. In the second experiment (n = 20, including both sexes), the SCN activity was measured every thirty minutes for six hours from midnight to dawn. The results showed that the SCN activity gradually decreased and was not associated with the electroencephalography. Furthermore, the SCN activity was compatible with the rodent SCN activity after switching off the lights. These results suggest that the diurnal variation of the human SCN follows the zeitgeber cycles of nocturnal and diurnal mammals and is modulated by physical lights rather than the local time.

Significance StatementThe suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in the hypothalamus is the central clock for circadian rhythms in mammals. However, the circadian activity of human SCN remained elusive due to the difficulty of measuring the activity of such a small nucleus. In this study, we localized the human SCN and investigated the SCN activity using an MRI technique for measuring perfusion. We observed SCN activity patterns of higher activity in daylight time and lower at night and morning. We also observed that the human SCN activity gradually decreased during the night, compatible with the rodent SCN activity after switching off the lights. These results suggest that the diurnal variation of human SCN activity is modulated by physical lights rather than the local time.
Roberto Gutiérrez and the Art of Mapping Latino Los Angeles
Authors: Orozco José
Published: January 2024

Chicano artist Roberto Gutiérrez is one of the most important artists to come out of the East Los Angeles artistic boom of the early 1970s. However, he has been largely ignored. This essay explores Gutiérrez’s life and the significance of his work to the evolving Chicana/o artistic narrative about Latino life and aesthetics in Los Angeles. In particular, it explores the way in which Gutiérrez’s oeuvre reflects and creates an image of urban Los Angeles that is distinctly Latino and working-class.
Deus ex Machina
Authors: Ramírez Catherine S.
Published: January 2024

This essay examines the visual art of Marion C. Martinez. Her mixed media sculptures and wall hangings of Catholic images are made from discarded computer components, some of which she acquired from a dump at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Through technology, Martinez reproduces and transforms traditional Indo-Hispanic art forms and, at the same time, underscores New Mexico’s history as a dumping ground for technological waste. In doing so, she challenges nostalgic and romantic visions of the “Land of Enchantment,” interrogates the parameters of Hispana and Chicana cultural identity, and offers work emblematic of what I term Chicanafuturism.
Between Japanese American Internment and the USA PATRIOT Act
Authors: Michaelsen Scott
Published: January 2024

The general conversation today about the USA PATRIOT Act and its historical and legal significance must be contextualized with reference to a series of 1970s U.S. Supreme Court decisions regarding the U.S. Border Patrol that directly undergird the PATRIOT Act. The Supreme Court long ago turned the U.S. borderlands adjoining Mexico into a permanent racial camp, and the borderlands is the “home,” as it were, of the permanent state of legal, racial exceptionalism. This problem must be theorized as structural in nature, rather than historical or contingent, in order to confront the matter of exceptional sovereignty at its constitutional foundations. Readings of the Supreme Court decisions regarding Japanese American internment and of Charles Mills’s Racial Contract provide a context for the elaboration of this problem. A final reflection on José Antonio Burciaga’s poem “Green Nightmares” suggests an idea for justice at the limit of sovereign authority that must be relentlessly exposed in order to begin to imagine a future deracialized polity.
Warmer, earlier, faster: Cumulative effects of Gulf of Alaska heatwaves on the early life history of Pacific cod
Authors: Almeida L. Zoe , Laurel Benjamin J. , Thalmann Hillary L. , Miller Jessica A.
Published: January 2024

Warming climates are creating unprecedented environmental conditions, such as more frequent and intense marine heatwaves (MHWs), that directly impact phenology and growth of fish and other marine organisms. Understanding individual phenological and growth responses to temperature is critical to predict species and population responses to climate change; however, doing so requires disentangling the effects of temperature on phenology, size, and growth in wild populations. We quantified the relationships between temperature and hatch timing, size-at-age, and early growth in a population of Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) affected by recent MHWs in the Gulf of Alaska. Pacific cod juveniles were collected near Kodiak Island, Alaska, USA, across 11 years, categorized as before (2007, 2009–2010, 2012–2014), during (2015, 2016, 2019), and between (2017, 2018) multiple recent MHWs. We estimated age and growth with otolith structural analysis. Hatching occurred on average 14 days earlier during MHWs and 26 days earlier between than before MHWs. Approximately 53% and 16% of these respective shifts in timing were attributable directly to warmer temperatures during incubation. Size-at-age was similar across periods at younger ages (90 days), but approximately 7 mm and 11 mm larger than before MHWs at older ages (132 days) during and between MHWs, respectively. These differences in size-at-age were partially related to growth responses that differed among MHW periods. However, observed differences in growth rate could not account for the observed increases in size-at-age. We found that temperature alone could not explain the changes in growth and phenology; thus, factors such as parental effects, epigenetics, and selection likely contributed. Our results indicate that spawn timing, size, and growth relationships based on historical thermal responses should be questioned in population forecasting as the global climate continues to warm.
Development of PJBL-Based Physics Edu Media to Improve The 21st Century Learning Skills of High School Students
Authors: Paminto J. , Yulianto A. , Linuwih S.
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this research was to create physics teaching resources that would enhance students' 21st century skills in renewable energy. The RD approach was used in conjunction with data collection methods including both test and non-test modes. This study involved three validators who assessed the learning materials from the perspectives of both material and media aspects. According to the assessment results, the material aspect received a rating of 'very good,' whereas the media aspect scored 'good.' The enhancement of 21st century learning competencies was gauged through pretest and posttest evaluation, revealing a rise in critical thinking, creativity, communication, collaboration, use of ICTs, as well as life and career skills. The study determined that the PjBL-Based Physics Edu learning materials could serve as a reliable instructional tool for teaching renewable energy topics with moderate effectiveness.
Enhancing Statistical Physics Learning: Rhetoric and Emotion in Moodle for Physics Education
Authors: Erlangga S. Y. , Winingsih P. H. , Yektyastuti R. , Poort E. A. , Amrurrahim A. N.
Published: January 2024

The Learning Management System in science education has become crucial in modern educational settings. However, there is a lack of comprehensive resources to guide the implementation of hedonic and pragmatic qualities in UX. This study aims to identify emotional design factors and adopt an innovative perspective with a rhetorical approach to enhance the user experience.  This study adopts the Design-Based Research methodology using the UEQ questionnaire with 26 items, involving a total population of 122 students. Conducting research through a User Experience Questionnaire, rhetorical evaluation, and open-ended questions in three control groups, the physics learning experience through Moodle at the Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa University was evaluated, specifically in the Physics Education study program. The research findings demonstrate that improving UX leads to higher user satisfaction. According to the results of the UEQ analysis, it is evident that attractiveness, clarity, and efficiency are rated above average. Meanwhile, aspects of dependability, stimulation, and novelty are assessed below average criteria. The study concludes that ethos, pathos, and logos are essential in embracing the pragmatic and hedonic aspects of UX.
The Influence of H5P Interactive Video on Stereoisomer Understanding in Terms of Learning Style
Authors: Kartimi K. , Chandra E. , Riyanto O. R.
Published: January 2024

The study aims to find differences in understanding of stereoisomers using h5p interactive videos based on student learning styles. The research method used was quasi-experimental, with a one-group posttest-only design. This study’s subjects were all second-year biology teacher education students at IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon. The data were analyzed using descriptive and two-way ANOVA tests to determine differences in understanding. Future research is suggested to include more interactive video features in learning scenarios and measure other cognitive topics. The study found differences in stereoisomer understanding based on interactive videos and learning styles. There is no relationship between interactive video interaction and learning style and stereoisomer understanding simultaneously. This study is limited to the use of H5P interactive video. Subsequent work can increase the intensity and optimize the use of all H5P interaction features.
Digital Transformation to Improve Teachers' Learning Management and Students' Science Life Skills
Authors: Nurdin D. , Marnita M. , Ghani M. F. B. A.
Published: January 2024

This study aims to describe the quality of teachers’ learning management based on digital transformation and improving students’ science life skills. Paradigm change shifts in the context of learning based on textbooks to switching to learning accompanied by digital technology that has forced better teacher competence so that they can surf well in class. The sample in this study was 270 eighth-grade students in junior high and eight science study field teachers on the concept of the human circulatory system. This research used a mixed method with a sequential exploratory design, combining qualitative and quantitative data analysis. The study results show that digital transformation strategies can create teachers’ learning management that is fun, meaningful, full of creativity, and effective in terms of time and cost. The findings in this study are (1) Digital transformation is one of the teachers’ strategies to create better quality, fun, meaningful, creative, and effective learning management in class; (2) The implementation of digital transformation-based teachers’ learning management can explore students’ science life skills on the circulatory system. This research concludes that the application of digital transformation can improve the quality of teachers’ learning management and students’ science life skills in the Bireuen District.
Diagnostic performance of ACR-TIRADS combined with superb microvascular imaging for differential diagnosis of mummified thyroid nodules and papillary thyroid carcinomas
Authors: Tian Jiali , Liang Jinlei , Lin Yuhong , Wang Liping , Chen Xiaobo
Published: January 2024

Objective

The aim was to investigate the ability of superb microvascular imaging (SMI) to improve the differential diagnosis of mummified thyroid nodules (MTNs) and papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) using the 2017 American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (ACR-TIRADS).

Materials and methods

We enrolled 110 cases of MTNs and 110 cases of PTCs confirmed by fine needle aspiration (FNA) or surgery. Conventional ultrasound (US) and the quantity of microvessels detected by SMI were analyzed for all nodules. Thyroid nodules were initially categorized by ACR-TIRADS based on US imaging features and then reclassified based on ACR-TIRADS combined with SMI blood-flow grade (SMI-TIRADS). We compared the diagnostic performances of ACR-TIRADS and SMI-TIRADS by receiver operating characteristic curve, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV).

Results

US-detected margin, shape, and echogenic foci differed between MTNs and PTCs (P < 0.05). The SMI blood-flow grade was significantly greater in PTCs compared with MTNs (Χ2 = 158.78, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in ACR-TIRADS indicators between MTNs and PTCs (Χ2 = 1.585, P = 0.453); however, reclassification by SMI-TIRADS showed significant differences between the groups (Χ2 = 129.521, P < 0.001). The area under the curve was significantly lower for ACR-TIRADS compared with SMI-TIRADS (0.517 vs 0.887, P < 0.05). SMI-TIRADS had significantly higher diagnostic value for distinguishing MTNs and PTCs than ACR-TIRADS (sensitivity: 91.82% vs 74.55%, P < 0.05; specificity: 84.55% vs 21.82%, P < 0.05; accuracy: 88.18% vs 48.18%, P < 0.05; PPV: 85.59% vs 48.81%, P < 0.05; and NPV: 91.18% vs 46.15%, P < 0.05).

Conclusion

The detection of microvascular flow and large vessels in thyroid nodules by SMI resulted in high diagnostic specificity and sensitivity. ACR-TIRADS combined with SMI could effectively distinguish between MTNs and PTCs, to avoid unnecessary FNA or surgical excision.
Parent and Clinician Views on Not Using Antibiotics for Mild Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Authors: Szymczak Julia E. , Hayes Ashley A. , Labellarte Patricia , Zighelboim Julian , Toor Amandeep , Becker Adam B. , Gerber Jeffrey S. , Kuppermann Nathan , Florin Todd A.
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVES

Preschool-aged children with mild community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) routinely receive antibiotics even though most infections are viral. We sought to identify barriers to the implementation of a “no antibiotic” strategy for mild CAP in young children.

METHODS

Qualitative study using semistructured interviews conducted in a large pediatric hospital in the United States from January 2021 to July 2021. Parents of young children diagnosed with mild CAP in the previous 3 years and clinicians practicing in outpatient settings (pediatric emergency department, community emergency department, general pediatrics offices) were included.

RESULTS

Interviews were conducted with 38 respondents (18 parents, 20 clinicians). No parent heard of the no antibiotic strategy, and parents varied in their support for the approach. Degree of support related to their desire to avoid unnecessary medications, trust in clinicians, the emotional difficulty of caring for a sick child, desire for relief of suffering, willingness to accept the risk of unnecessary antibiotics, and judgment about the child’s illness severity. Eleven (55%) clinicians were familiar with guidelines specifying a no antibiotic strategy. They identified challenges in not using antibiotics, including diagnostic uncertainty, consequences of undertreatment, parental expectations, follow-up concerns, and acceptance of the risks of unnecessary antibiotic treatment of many children if it means avoiding adverse outcomes for some children.

CONCLUSIONS

Although both parents and clinicians expressed broad support for the judicious use of antibiotics, pneumonia presents stewardship challenges. Interventions will need to consider the emotional, social, and logistical aspects of managing pneumonia, in addition to developing techniques to improve diagnosis.
Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Strength Awareness Scale in a Sample of Indonesian Female Leaders
Authors: Dhania Dhini Rama , Susanti Ruth Natalia
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to test psychometric properties of strength use scale (SUS) as a unidimensional concept with 14 question items on a sample of female leaders who work in two manufacturing companies. The investigation, the subjects used consisted of 521 females in management positions at various levels. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was applied to analyze the factor validity of the unidimensional SUS consisting of 14 items. Additionally, Indonesian version of SUS was validated using a confirmation approach. In line with previous studies, the analysis confirmed the unidimensionality of the scale, which measures a singular strength through factors. The demands on internal consistency, composite reliability, and convergent validity were met. The results showed that Indonesian version of SUS is comparable to the original English version, representing a valid and reliable measure of strength used in Indonesian. Therefore, future studies should consider adding subjects with different sociodemographic backgrounds.
Recensión de libro: MARTÍNEZ ECHEVARRÍA, M. A. (2022). La economía entre la sociedad y el Estado. Pamplona: EUNSA
Authors: Scalzo Germán
Published: January 2024

Book Review
Recensión de libro: SÁNCHEZ-TABERNERO, Alfonso (2023). Gobierno de universidades. Pamplona: EUNSA
Authors: Fariñas-Contreras Guillermo
Published: January 2024

Book Review
The Practice of Governance, Social Compartmentalization and Fragmentation of Desires
Authors: Hernández-González Sandra
Published: January 2024

This article aims to relate natural teleology to the practice of governance. To do so, it presents the phenomenon of social fragmentation and evaluates it –following A. MacIntyre– as a negative aspect of contemporary social (dis)order due to the moral and psychological disintegration it promotes among ordinary people. Such disintegration leads to conflict and confusion between desires and goods. Among the causes of fragmentation, analytical philosophy and the social theory of existentialism stand out and, at their core, the abandonment of natural teleology. Institutional governance is not immune to fragmentation, so the author suggests that a perspective that explicitly integrates natural teleology in the practice of governance may have practical implications in decision-making and can constitute a significant, albeit partial, contribution to achieving social and moral cohesion.
Шляхи підвищення енергоефективності теплопостачання районів міст за рахунок комплексної модернізації інженерних систем будівель
Authors: Позднякова Г.І. , Бабаєв Є.С.
Published: January 2024

Виснаження світових паливно-енергетичних ресурсів, що викликає неминуче підвищення цін на енергоносії, як на світовому ринку, так і в Україні, загострило проблему впровадження енергозберігаючих технологій і поставило дослідження, що спрямовані на ефективне використання відновлювальних джерел енергії для цілей енергозабезпечення, в ряд стратегічних задач держави. В роботі проведено аналіз існуючих систем теплопостачання та шляхи підвищення ефективності використання існуючих енергоресурсів та зменшення викидів шкідливих речовин у навколишнє середовище. Показано доцільність комплексного підходу щодо впровадження енергоефективних технологій у системи теплопостачання з урахуванням особливостей режимів експлуатації будівель та інженерних систем життєзабезпечення. На основі аналізу існуючих математичних моделей та методів розрахунків режимів експлуатації різних елементів комбінованої системи теплопостачання із використанням відновлювальних джерел енергії (сонячні колектори, теплові насоси, акумулятори теплоти, тощо) наведені математичні моделі режимів роботи вказаних систем. На прикладі окремої споруди громадського призначення (навчальний корпус) проведено розрахунок режимів експлуатації інженерних систем забезпечення мікроклімату із урахуванням режимів роботи корпусу, та на основі наявної пілотної установки проведено дослідження роботи комбінованої системи теплопостачання із використанням відновлювальних джерел енергії та застосуванням акумуляторів теплоти для узгодження режимів генерації та споживання теплоти будівлею. На основі проведених досліджень отримано розподіл часток економії енергоресурсів від кожного етапу модернізації інженерних систем мікроклімату та загальної термомодернізації будівлі із застосуванням як зовнішньої теплової ізоляції так і внутрішнього екранування масивних стін
DESIGN OF AMPLITUDE AND PHASE CONTROLLED BUTLER BEAMFORMING NETWORK FOR X/KU-BAND AIRBORNE SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR APPLICATIONS
Authors: Mullapudi Pratyusha , Kummitha Narendra , Kolusu Yashwant , Kati Praveena , Gottapu Srinivas Kiran , Kumar Vijay , Pappula Lakshman , Kothapudi Venkata Kishore
Published: January 2024

Beamforming networks play an important role in today's communication systems. The Butler matrix network is one of the most useful networks used to feed array antennas and generate multi-beamforming systems. Its complexity increases with an increase in the number of input and output ports. This research work presents simulated results of an unequal amplitude 8 × 8 Butler matrix network, in which the Taylor series synthesis technique was employed to generate unequal amplitudes (-9.626, -9.125, -8.798, -8.636, -8.636, -8.798, -9.125, and -9.626 dB). The design of the Butler matrix beamforming network is based on two frequency bands, i.e., the X-band and Ku-band, with center frequencies of 9.3 and 13.265 GHz, respectively. The design mainly involves 12 hybrid couplers and eight phase shifters that can generate beams in eight different directions (-32.4°, -26.5°, -15.5°, -10.3°, 10.3°, 15.5°, 26.5°, and 32.4°). This design is based on the Taylor series expansion, which has the advantage of sidelobe level reduction of -17 dB. All of the simulations were done using advanced design system software key sight technologies. The simulations results were in line with the theoretical calculations.
Öğrenme Güçlüğü Olan ve Olmayan Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Kullandıkları Metin Anlama Stratejilerinin Üstbilişsel Görüşme Aracılığıyla Karşılaştırılması
Authors: ÖZMEN Emine Rüya , BİLGİÇ Hatice Cansu , ÖZDEMİR KILIÇ Merve , SANIR Hanifi
Published: January 2024

Metin anlama becerisi; okuyucunun okuma öncesi, okuma sırası ve okuma sonrasında bilişsel ve üstbilişsel stratejilerin kullanımını gerektirir. Bu araştırmada Öğrenme Güçlüğü (ÖG) olan ve Ortalama Başarı (OB) gösteren ortaokul öğrencilerinin metin anlama strateji bilgilerinin üstbilişsel görüşme aracılığıyla belirlenmesi ve kullandıkları stratejiler bakımından farklılıklarının ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmaya 5, 6, 7 ve 8. sınıflara devam eden 30 ÖG olan ve 30 OB gösteren öğrenci katılmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin toplanması amacıyla üstbilişsel görüşme yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları; ÖG olan öğrencilerin OB gösteren öğrencilere göre yetersiz ve etkisiz metin anlama strateji bilgisine sahip olduklarını göstermektedir. OB gösteren öğrencilerin ise okuma öncesi ve okuma sonrası bilişsel strateji bilgisinin bir kısmına sahip oldukları buna karşın okuma sırasında kullanılan bilişsel ve üstbilişsel stratejiler konusunda sınırlılıkları olduğu bulunmuştur.
Counterfeiting Issues in Foreign Trade and Methods of Combating It
Authors: Epova Natalia , Balashova Maria
Published: January 2024

At present, one of the main issues of international trade concerns the growth of selling counterfeit products, which is characteristic not only for developing economies, but also for developed ones. In fact, the production of counterfeit products is considered to be one of the economic crimes associated with the illegal use of someone else's intellectual property. In this regard, studying and comparing the methods of counteracting and combating this phenomenon in countries with different levels of economic potential and geographical location as well as analyzing the mechanisms used in Russia to identify counterfeit products and bring violators to justice make it relevant. This article also focuses on the modern channels for distribution of counterfeit products through online sales on marketplaces that have become popular with consumers around the world during a pandemic period. It is characteristic that this problem is noted not only among state authorities, but also among well-known online retailers, both abroad and in Russia. Finally, the result is supposed to become positive only in the case of joint efforts of entrepreneurs, regulatory authorities and directly consumers.
Approaches to Assessing Quality of Public Services: Domestic and Foreign Experience
Authors: Sedykh Olga , Taraban Olga
Published: January 2024

Despite growing interest in this field of study, research on improving quality and efficiency of providing public and municipal services in the Russian Federation has not yet been established into a single theory. The paper reveals experience of foreign countries in providing state and municipal services to the population, as well as methods for assessing their quality. Foreign experience in developing a network of institutions — so-called supermarkets of public services — is very interesting and similar to the domestic practice. This is not new for our country, since multifunctional centers in Russia were created based on foreign organizations, but having eliminated the mistakes they had made and in accordance with the Russian culture. The author looked into the legal framework concerning the organizations in question and analyzed service quality standards. The concept of state and municipal services is defined in various official sources such as codes, federal laws, and standards. Public services are defined as activities of executive authorities, extra-budgetary funds and local governments within the limits of their functions and assigned powers. There are currently several approaches to assessing quality and effectiveness of public services: marketing (equating functions of state agencies in terms of providing services with those of the private sector of the economy), functional (assessing performance of all the functions of each participant), and process-like (where providing services is considered as a continuous process that can be constantly improved). The applied methods of assessing quality and effectiveness of public institutions are substantiated as relevant and leading to further improvement of these institutions.
Legal Regulation of Control and Supervision Activities in the Field of Protection and Use of Wildlife and Their Habitats, Aimed at Improving the Efficiency of State Control in the Siberian Federal District
Authors: Tyurin Vladimir , Novikov Valery , Tereshchenko Vladimir
Published: January 2024

The relevance of this research is determined by the recent changes in the Russian Federation legislation with the aim to protect, reproduce and use the wildlife and their habitats. Those practical problems that arise when the legislation is being used also include the choice of legal norms to be applied. At present, one of the main priorities of the Russian Federation authorities comprise of, among other things, control and supervisory activities concerning ecology, protection, reproduction and the use of wildlife as a result of intensive development of the natural environment. Nevertheless, the problems and imperfections of legal regulation still remain in this area. The purpose of the research is to comprehensively analyze the legal regulation of control and supervision activities in order to protect the use of wildlife and their habitats. It is important to identify current legal problems in this area as well as to propose possible ways to improve the efficiency of state control in the Siberian federal district. The research methodology is based on the theoretical analysis of the wildlife protection legislation and the practical issues connected with its application. The object of study is the social relations that arise in the course of control and supervision activities in the area under consideration. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that the current features of the state hunting supervision in the Siberian Federal District have been studied, practice-oriented proposals have been developed aimed at improving the legal regulation in this area.
Transformation of the Regional Labor Market under the Influence of Sanctions
Authors: Bylkov Vladimir
Published: January 2024

The adoption of unprecedented sanctions against the domestic economy affects the labor market. The article presents preliminary results of assessments of the introduced unprecedented sanctions against Russia, and an analysis of the transformation of the regional labor market. The role of the imposed restrictions is determined and their cumulative effect on the change of the socio-economic situation in the region is established. The study found that the impact of sanctions creates social risks, but also a gradual destabilization of the situation in the regional labor market. The study revealed the delayed consequences and prerequisites of possible socio-economic shocks leading to changes in the functioning of the regional labor market. The grouping of destabilizing risks affecting the change in the situation on the labor market is justified. It is established that despite the period of high turbulence and uncertainty, the functioning of the regional labor market has a high adaptive potential. The assessment of changes in the components of the regional labor market did not show negative trends. Along with this, the risks of destabilization have been identified, which form the delayed negative consequences of economic sanctions against Russia imposed at the beginning of 2022. The characteristic of the effect of sanctions on the unemployment rate is given. The parameters were determined and a set of socio-economic indicators of the state of the regional labor market at the initial stage of the sanctions policy was identified.
The Processes of Feminization and Neutralization in the French Language on the Example of Job Advertisements
Authors: Baklashkina Olesya , Suslova Anastasia , Sergeeva Anna
Published: January 2024

Language, which is a constantly changing and developing system, is part of society. In recent time, processes such as feminization and neutralization are taking place, which are reflected in the names of professions. The authors of the article give the results of the analysis of processes, based on the theoretical basis formed by domestic and foreign researchers. These processes can be traced in the advertisements for hiring personnel. In the article, the authors distinguish four types of job advertisements in which the indicated processes are observed, presented in full or in part: advertisements using gender-neutral words (partial neutralization); announcements using gender-neutral words and evading gender agreement (complete neutralization); announcements using gender-specific job titles (partial feminization); ads using gender-specific job titles, and inclusive spelling (complete feminization). In conclusion, it is concluded that these processes fully reflect gender relations in society, they are of an evolutionary nature, and further prospects for future study of these processes are outlined.
Doygun olmayan zeminler için bağlaşık elasto-plastik formülasyona dayalı hidrolik histerezisi dikkate alan hidro-mekanik bir bünye modeli
Authors: Eyüpgiller Mustafa Mert , Ülker Mehmet Barış Can
Published: January 2024

Doygun olmayan zemin davranışının başarılı bir şekilde tahmini, net gerilme ve matrik emmenin doygunluk derecesi ve boşluk oranı üzerindeki eşzamanlı etkisinin dikkate alınması gerektiğinden oldukça karmaşıktır. Hidromekanik davranışı yakalayabilmek için çok sayıda bünye modeli geliştirilmiş olmasına rağmen, bu modeller ya doygun olmayan zeminlerin temel davranışını simüle etmede yeterli doğruluktan yoksundur ya da sonuçların doğruluğunu etkileyecek seviyede karmaşık bir formülasyona dayanmaktadırlar. Bu nedenle, doygun olmayan zeminlerin hidromekaniğini anlamak için verimli algoritmalarla desteklenen tutarlı teorik modellere hala ihtiyaç vardır. Bu çalışmada, hidrolik histerezis de dahil olmak üzere elasto-plastisiteye dayalı hidro-mekanik bir model geliştirilmiştir. Önerilen model, kendi türündeki benzer modellere kıyasla daha basit ancak güçlü bir matematiksel formülasyona dayanmaktadır. Model, elde etmek için az sayıda üç eksenli deney gerektiren malzeme parametrelerine ihtiyaç duyar. Çalışmada özellikle boşluk oranındaki değişimin su tutma davranışı üzerindeki etkisine odaklanılmıştır. Modelin integrasyonunda, çeşitli net gerilme ve emme izleri altında sabit emme ve sabit su muhtevasında yapılmış bir dizi doygun olmayan üç eksenli deneyin simüle edildiği verimli bir açık integrasyon algoritması geliştirilmiştir. Doğrulama analizleri, doygun olmayan zeminler için önerilen modelin kapasitesini gösterecek şekilde iyi sonuçlar vermiştir.
Çok amaçlı bir üniversal yüksek gerilim inkubatörü tasarımı ve uygulaması
Authors: Fidan Murat , Çoban Melih
Published: January 2024

İnkübatör şartları altında elektrik alanların hücre kültürlerine uygulandığı bilimsel çalışmaların neredeyse tamamına yakınında, ticari bir inkübatörün kullanıldığı söylenebilir. Bu durum ticari bir inkübatör içine sığabilen deney sistemlerinin ve elektrotların kullanımını zorunlu kılmaktadır. Bu nedenle literatürdeki çalışmalar incelendiğinde, çalışmalarda kullanılan ticari inkübatör boyutlarının, test sisteminin ve elektrotlarının özel olarak tasarlanmasını zorunlu kıldığı görülmektedir. Söz konusu bu kısıtlamalar bilimsel çalışmanın sınırlarını da daraltabilmektedir. Öyle ki bilimsel çalışmada kullanılan ticari inkübatörün iç hacminin kısıtlılığından dolayı, numuneye uygulanabilen gerilim değerleri belirli bir seviyenin üzerine çıkamamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, sıcaklık nem ve CO2 kontrollü inkübatör şartları altında hücre kültürlerine ya da gıda numunelerine 100 kVpp seviyesine kadar yüksek gerilimlerin uygulanabileceği çok amaçlı üniversal bir sistem tanıtılmıştır. Sistem ayrıca 11,2 kV’a kadar darbeli elektrik alanların oluşturulmasına ve uygulanmasına imkân vermektedir. Geliştirilen ve önerilen sistem “Yüksek Gerilim İnkübatörü” olarak isimlendirilmiştir.
Tiroit kanseri hastalık tanısında lojistik regresyon kullanımı
Authors: Asan Mehmet Emin , Taşkın Harun , Alemdar Murat , Capoglu Recayi
Published: January 2024

Tiroit kanseri, 2020'de elde edilen sonuçlara göre tüm kanserlerin küresel insidansının %3'üne karşılık gelmektedir. Bazı yüksek ve orta gelirli ülkelerde tiroit kanseri insidansı son 30 yılda önemli ölçüde artmıştır.
Tiroit nodülü, tiroit bezinin içinde kendisini çevreleyen tiroit parankiminden radyolojik olarak ayırt edilebilen bir lezyondur. Erişkinlerin yaklaşık %60'ında bir veya daha fazla tiroit nodülü bulunur. Tiroitte kanser olasılığı önemli endişe kaynağıdır. Tiroit nodüllerine yaklaşımda fizik muayene, anomnezi, serum tiroit fonksiyon testleri, ultrasonografi (USG) kullanılır. USG saptanan nodüller 1 cm’den büyük ve malignite açısından kuşkuluysa ince iğne aspirasyon (İİA) biyopsisi kullanılır ve değerlendirmeler yapılır.
İyi huylu İİA sonuçları gereksiz tiroit ameliyatlarının önlenmesine yardımcı olur. Malign hücreler tespit edilirse, İİA sonucu cerrahi stratejinin elde edilmesinde belirleyici bir faktördür. Buna rağmen cerrahlar malign potansiyeline ilişkin belirsizlik nedeniyle çok yüksek oranda benign tiroit dokusu rezeke etmektedir. Bu nedenle daha doğru sonuçlar veren non-invaziv tekniklere ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, tiroit dokusu çok fazla rezeke edilmeden önce, önceki hasta verileri üzerinden Makine öğrenmesi metotları kullanılarak tanının kesine yakın elde edilmesidir. Bu çalışma ile hastaların kan testlerini, USG, IIA biyopsisi sonuçlarını kullanarak nodülün malignitesini tahmin eden bir model üzerinde çalıştık. Model için kullanılan eldeki hasta verileri ameliyat sonrası kesin sonuçları içermekte ve sonuçlar binominal veri olarak gösterilmektedir. Tiroit kanseri olma olasılığı için en iyi tahmin sonucunu %99,31 olasılık ile makine öğrenmesi metotlarından biri olan Lojistik regresyon tekniği vermiştir.
Krank kaydırmalı bir stirling motorunun termodinamik performansının nodal analiz ile incelenmesi
Authors: Özdemir A. Onur , Karabulut Halit
Published: January 2024

Petrolün yaygın biçimde enerji kaynağı olarak kullanımı iklim değişikliği, çevre ve atmosfer kirlenmesi, canlı varlıkların yaşam koşullarının yok olması gibi bir takım olumsuz gelişmeleri doğurmuştur. Bu olumsuz gelişmelerin önüne geçilebilmesi için güneş enerjisi, nükleer enerji ve jeotermal enerji gibi temiz ve tükenmez enerjilerin kullanımının yaygınlaştırılması gerekmektedir. Bu enerjilerin kullanımının yaygınlaştırılabilmesi için her türlü ısıyı mekanik enerjiye dönüştürebilen bir makinenin geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu amaçla geliştirilmeye çalışılan makinelerden birisi de Stirling motorlarıdır. Stirling motorları hâlihazırda endüstriyel boyutta kullanılan bir makine olmamakla birlikte, üzerinde en çok araştırma yapılan enerji dönüşüm makinelerinden birisidir. Bu araştırmada, krank kaydırma esasına göre çalışan alfa tipi bir Stirling motorunun termodinamik performansı; iş akışkanı olan Helyumun kütlesi, silindirlerin uzunluğu, krank kaydırmanın miktarı, silindirlerin rölatif konumu, biyellerin uzunlukları ve ısıtıcı sıcaklığına bağlı olarak incelenmiştir. Yapılan incelemede kullanılan matematik model; kinematik ilişkiler, termodinamiğin birinci kanunu, ideal gazların hal denklemi, kütlenin korunumu yasası ve Schmidt formülünden oluşmaktadır. Helyum kütlesi 3,5 g, ısıtıcı sıcaklığı 800 K, silindir tepesi ile krank merkezi arasındaki uzaklık 328,5 mm, biyel uzunluğu 171 mm ve krank kaçıklığı 40 mm olarak atandığında; iş 223 J, ortalama basınç 24,9 bar, motor gücü 3,55 kW ve ısıl verim %52 olarak belirlenmiştir.
Lityum iyon pil elektrotlarında haddeleme parametrelerinin fiziksel ve elektrokimyasal özellikler üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi
Authors: Akçil Mustafa , Ekici Muhammet Barış
Published: January 2024

Lityum iyon pillerin elektrotlarının porozitesini, enerji yoğunluğunu ve elektrokimyasal performansını iyileştirmek için haddeleme işlemi kullanılmaktadır. Elektrotların gözenek yapısının optimize edilebilmesi için, haddeleme işlemi belirleyici bir öneme sahiptir. Bu nedenle, kese tipi hücreler için hazırlanmış NMC ve grafit elektrotlara haddeleme işlemi uygulanmıştır. Haddeleme sonrası, fiziksel ve elektrokimyasal karakterizasyonlar yapılmıştır. Üretilen elektrotlar 150µm kalınlıklarda hazırlanmış ve %10, %15, %20, %30 deformasyon oranlarında haddelenmiştir. Elektrotların yüzey morfolojisi, Taramalı Elektron Mikroskopisi (SEM) kullanılarak karakterize edilmiştir. 2.7V'dan 4.3V'a kadar olan empedans, hız kapasitesi ve çevrim ömrü testleri ile kese tipi hücrelerin elektrokimyasal performansı araştırılmıştır. Haddeleme sonrası, daha küçük gözenek boyutu ve dağılımıyla birlikte elektrokimyasal olarak aktif alanın arttığı gösterilmiştir. Islanma kabiliyetinin artan haddeleme oranıyla azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Grafit elektrotlarda %20, NMC elektrotlarda %15 deformasyon oranında haddelenmiş elektrotlar, C/10 akım hızında dengeli deşarj kapasitesi gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.
Protocol 1 v2
Authors: Coats Mitt
Published: January 2024

A short abstract
Penerapan metode first expired first out (fefo) pada sistem informasi gudang
Authors: Sembiring Falentino , Sukmawan Dede , Perman Anton , F Muchtar Jamy
Published: January 2024

Proses pengawasan dan pelaporan yang praktis dan mudah merupakan faktor yang sangat penting dalam kegiatan penginventarisasian gudang obat, sehingga diperlukan suatu sistem inventori gudang yang mampu mengolah transaksi secara efektif dan efisien. Penggunaan sistem yang terkomputerisasi akan lebih banyak menghemat waktu, tidak menyita banyak tenaga, dan menghasilkan data yang akurat. Sistem inventori Gudang ini dibuat menggunakan bahasa pemrograman JSP dan MySQL untuk pengolahan basis datanya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penerapan sistem informasi gudang menggunakan first expired first out (FEFO) agar dapat meningkatkan kualitas inventory gudang obat. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan dengan adanya sistem inventory gudang, petugas dapat melakukan transaksi yang ada secara efektif dan efisien, mengantisipasi stok obat yang kosong karena terdapat batas minimal obat harus tersedia, memperoleh informasi secara cepat dan tepat mengenai data-data obat, sehingga petugas lebih mudah untuk memeriksa data obat. Selain itu, dengan metode first expired first out (FEFO), petugas dapat mengantisipasi terjualnya obat kadaluarsa kepada pelanggan.