bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chinese Arctic Yellow River Station Research Monitoring Program. 1. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediment from Svalbard
Authors: Jiao Li Ping , Sun Xia , Luo Yang
Published: February 2014

Surface sediments of the west coast of Svalbard near Ny-Ålesund Spitsbergen were collected. PAHs of lake sediments (mean: 260, range: 11 - 1100 ng/g dry wt) were higher than previously report of surface lake sediment in Svalbard 1995, suggesting significant PAH contamination is occurring due to long-term atmospheric transport and local coal mining and fossil fuel sources, pointing to the role of Arctic lakes as potential reservoirs of semi-volatile organic compounds, including PAHs. Compound-specific analysis revealed different PAH patterns between Svalbard lakes and European high mountain lakes, showing higher proportions of low molecular weight compounds and lower levels of high molecular weight PAHs in Svalbard lakes. PAH indicator ratios suggest that the majority of PAHs in lake sediments have pyrogenic origins (coal mining, fossil fuel and biomass combustion), while coastal marine sediments were mainly contaminated by petroleum-derived PAHs (shipping activities in coastal areas, and perhaps as a result of an oil spill in 1986). Sediment fluxes of PAHs were estimated to be 0.2 - 22 ng cm-2yr-1. The current PAH levels exceeded Canadian sediment quality guidelines, suggesting the presence of possible risks for aquatic organisms and the need for further studies.
Effect of Phosphate and Sulfate on the Solubility of Na2SO4 in Supercritical Water
Authors: Tang Xing Ying , Wang Shu Zhong , Ren Meng Meng , Sun Pan Pan
Published: February 2014

The solubility of Na2SO4 mixed with K2SO4 and K3PO4 were investigated by a continuous kettle-reactor system at temperature within the range of 320°C to 420°C, 24MPa. The solubility of Na2SO4 showed a drastic reduce at a temperature of about 360°C. Ionic chromatography was used to determine the concentration of Na2SO4 in effluent. Among 355°C to 380°C, the presence of K2SO4 reduced the solubility of Na2SO4, due to common-ion effect. The addition of K3PO4 could inhibit the salts deposition in the supercritical water system, effectively. The variation degree is more remarkable as the addition of K2SO4 and K3PO4 increased.
Plackett-Burman Design for Media Nutrients of Biocontrol Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus BPM1 against Aflatoxin
Authors: Wang Kai , Yan Pei Sheng , Cao Li Xin
Published: February 2014

Aflatoxins (AFs) are a series of highly toxic and carcinogenic secondary metabolites. In order to eliminate AFs contamination, biological control is one of the more promising techniques. In this study, we describe the optimization of media nutrients for the selected biocontrol bacterium, Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus strain BPM1. The strain was isolated from the peanut hulls in Shandong Province, China and exhibited antagonistic activity against aflatoxins. Maltose and sucrose were identified as best carbon source, while soya peptone and yeast extract as nitrogen source led to the highest OD600 observations. Medium composition was optimized using Plackett-Burman design, which was applied to find the key ingredients. The results revealed that the most significant two factors which were more effective in the fermentation of L. xylanilyticus BPM1 were soya peptone and yeast extract.
Effect of Acid Stress on the Behavior of Soil Nematodes
Authors: Liu Dan Dan , Cui Yan Ling , Liu Chang Feng , Gao Xin Lin , Xia Yin Yao
Published: February 2014

In vitro test was used to determine the effect of acid stress on soil nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) J2 survival, behavior, individual development and fluid extravasations. The effects of acid stress on J2 survival is C2H2O4>C6H8O7>C4H6O5. Inhibition on J2 movement behavior increased with time prolonged. Effect on nematode body length, stylet length, tail transparent area length, body fluid extravasations: C2H2O4>C6H8O7>C4H6O5. At high magnification optical microscope can be clearly observed symptoms of poisoning J2. Compared with the control, acid inhibited the nematode survival, movement and individual development, promote the body fluid extravasations, destroyed the normal physiological metabolism of nematodes, even lead to death.
Particle Size Fraction and Arsenic Partitioning in Tailings and Sediments in Lianhuashan Tungsten Mine, Southern China
Authors: Lin Wen Jie
Published: February 2014

A series of tailings and sediments samples were collected from Linahuashan tungsten mining area. Particle composition, arsenic concentrations and arsenic speciation distribution in the tailings and sediments were investigated. The proportion of large particle (> 170 μm) in the tailings varied from 37% to 50%. Arsenic (As) concentrations in the tailings ranged from1889 mg·kg-1to 3135 mg·kg-1. The sediments upstream were similar to those in the tailings in particle composition, As concentrations and speciation distribution. The sediments in the middle or lower reaches of the stream contained finer texture and lower As concentrations than the tailings. Compared to the tailings, Acid waste water with a lot of tailings particle enter the stream. Most of larger particle in acid waste water settled upstream, and smaller particle and soluble As precipitated in the middle or lower reaches of the stream. Smaller particle fraction contained higher percentages of Fe-As, Ca-As and Al-As, while larger particle fraction contained higher percentages of FeOc-As and Res-As.
The Study in Sap Flow Characteristics and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Haloxylon Ammodendron and Tamarix in the Gurbantunggute Desert
Authors: Xu Shuang Dui , He Xin Lin , Yang Guang , Chen Jiang Chun , Yang Wen Xin , Chen Si , Wang Cui
Published: February 2014

According to the sap flow characteristics and photosynthetic characteristics of Haloxylon ammodendron and Tamarix, we measured the sap flow with the method of thermal diffusion. To monitor photosynthesis with application the instrument CI-340, and the result shows that: (1)The daily net photosynthetic rate change of Haloxylon ammodendron is a typical double peak type, and Tamarixs is a single peak type; (2)The daily transpiration variation of Haloxylon ammodendron is similar to net photosynthetic rate change rule, it has a phenomenon which we called noon break, Tamarixs isnt obvious, it presents volatile changes slightly; (3)The daily sap flow of Haloxylon ammodendron is a typical double peak type, Tamarixs isnt obvious, it presents volatile changes slightly, and at sometimes the sap flow of branches is greater than the breasts. The results provide some supports for ecological water demand of the plants. It has some significance for ecological environment construction of the Gurbantunggute Desert.
Alkali Precipitation Properties of Magnesium Lignosulfonate Isolated from Acid Sulfite Pulping Waste Liquor
Authors: Kou Xiao Meng , Yang Rui Feng , Lu Jie , Liu Yan Jun
Published: February 2014

To establish a simple method to separate and purify the magnesium lignosulfonate from the red liquor, the properties of the alkali precipitation of magnesium lignosulfonate in the red liquor were investigated. The results show that the magnesium lignosulfonate could be precipitated by alkali from red liquor. The maximum amount of precipitation occurs when pH value was 13. The precipitation of the red liquor of acid magnesium sulfite is caused by magnesium. It was different from sodium lignosulfonate of the red liquor of acid sodium sulfite. The repeated alkaline precipitation after acid soluble method could be isolated and purified lignosulfonate magnesium effectively at some extent.
Study on Decolorization of Methyl Orange Dye Wastewater by DC Stream Discharge with MgO-CuO-Al2O3 Catalyst
Authors: Xie Hong Duan , Su Cong , Wang Chun Yu , Wang Li Duo , Liu Sheng Hou , Zhang Xiao Yin , Liu Nan
Published: February 2014

The decolorization of methyl orange wastewater by DC stream discharge with MgO-CuO-Al2O3 catalyst was investigated. The removal efficiency was studied for different experimental parameters. Results showed that the removal efficiency by discharge with catalyst was better than discharge only. The removal efficiency was 98% under the condition of applied voltage 18kV, current 9mA, volume of catalyst 20cm3, initial concentration 40mg/L with treatment for 10min. The intensity of methyl orange absorption peak (465nm) gradually weakened and disappeared by discharge with catalyst, the conjugated system composed of azo group and benzene in the molecular structure was destroyed, methyl orange molecules were degraded effectively.
Kinetics and Mechanism of Platinum Pressure-Cyanide Dissolution
Authors: Zhao J.S. , Dai J.H.
Published: February 2014

A research study has been undertaken to develop the fundamentals of a method for the direct dissolution of metal platinum. At room temperature and pressures, the reaction between sodium cyanide and platinum group metals (PGMs) does not occur because of poor kinetics. However, at elevated temperatures, PGMs can be dissolved by sodium cyanide like the reaction of gold. In this work, the dissolution of Platinum was measured in pressure clear cyanide solution. The data at different cyanide concentrations, temperature and oxygen pressure are obtained. With increasing cyanide concentration and oxygen pressure, the dissolution first increased to a maximum value and then decreased. With increasing temperature the dissolution is increased.
Construction and Calibration of Physical Filtration Equation of Biological Aerated Filter
Authors: Zhang Shou Bin , Qiu Li Ping , Li Hong Lan
Published: February 2014

To establish the physical filtration equation of Biological Aerated Filter (BAF), the porosity calculating model (Eq. 5) and SS concentration calculating model (Eq. 16) were constructed respectively by the way of infinitesimal element analysis. And then the BAF physical filtration equation had been derived by using the relationship among headloss, porosity and SS. The BAF physical filtration equation was shown as Eq. 19.Then the Kozeny-Carman coefficient in Eq. 19, kc, was confirmed to be 0.040 by experimental adjusting and domesticating. In the condition of kc=0.040, the predicted values of Eq. 19 fitted the experimental values of BAF reactor well, which illustrated that the BAF filtration equation constructed in this study was scientific and the parameters value adopted in this equation was reasonable.
Prediction of Surface SO2 Concentration in Shanghai Using Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Xue Dan , Liu Qian
Published: February 2014

Air quality has been deteriorated seriously in Shanghai as a result of urbanization and modernization. A three-layer Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model was developed to forecast the surface SO2 concentration. The subsequent SO2 concentration being the output parameter of this study was estimated by six input parameters such as preceding SO2 concentrations, average daily temperature, sea-level pressure, relative humidity, average daily wind speed and average daily precipitation. Levenberg-Marquarde (LM) backpropagation was tested as the best algorithm and the optimal neuron number for the LM algorithm was found to be eight. ANN testing outputs were proven to be satisfactory with correlation coefficients of about 0.765.
Synthesis and Performance of Chelating Agents-Fly Ash for Heavy Metalions Remove
Authors: Wang Yi , Liu Zhuan Nian , Guan Yang , Chen Long , Lu Zhao Qing
Published: February 2014

The flesh ash (F) was grafted with diethylenetriamine (DETAF), triethylenetetramine (TETAF) and polyethylene polyamine (HPAXF), respectively. A comparative study of Cu2+ and Pb2+ removal from aqueous solution using F, DETAF, TETAF and HPAXF was performed. Effects of liquid-solid ratio, temperature and time on adsorption capacity were studied. Batch tests were carried out to investigate the adsorption performance. The process of Cu2+ and Pb2+ onto DETAF, TETAF and HPAXF both fitted well with Lagergren pseudo-second-order model, The isothermal of Cu2+ and Pb2+ adsorption onto DETAF, TETAF and HPAXF can be described by Freundlich model.
A Novel Bi-Based Photocatalytic Material for the Degradation of Organic Pollutants under Visible Light
Authors: Zhu Nan Lin , Shi Jia Jia , Hu Rui Sheng , Li Chun
Published: February 2014

This article describes some recent research and application of bismuth-based photocatalysts, and analyse the influence of preparation method, catalyst structure, composition and morphology on the organic pollutants degradation.
The Relationship between Pacific SST and Dust Storms in Northern China in Spring
Authors: Wang Jin Yan , Zhao Zong Suo , Dong Ji Yuan , Li Yan , Li De Shuai , Tian Yu
Published: February 2014

The influences of Pacific sea-surface temperature (SST) change on the dust storm in Northern China are discussed by using the the singular value decomposition (SVD) method and the integrated numerical simulation and forecast system of dust weather in this paper. The statistical analysis show that the frequency of dust storms in the most of Northern China are increased during the La Niña, while decreased during the El Niño. The results of the control experiment by using the integrated numerical simulation and forecast system of dust weather are similar to the SVD analysis results.
System Construction Improvement of the Ability of Marine Disaster Prevention
Authors: Luo Yang , Liu Xi , Wu Ri Sheng , Wu Yao Jian
Published: February 2014

As one of countries which is suffering marine disasters, china is confronted with escalating threat to peoples lives and property caused by serious marine natural disasters. This paper propose some suggestions about marine disasters risky zoning, marine disasters risky assessment and troubleshooting of construction projects, marine disasters early warning, in order to contribute some efforts to system construction of marine disaster prevention and mitigation and integrated risky management of marine disasters.
The Degradation Dynamics of Acetamiprid in Hainan Cowpea and the Soil
Authors: Liu Jing Kun , Wu Chun Yuan , Deng Xiao , Li Qin Fen
Published: February 2014

The HPLC method for acetamiprid in soil and cowpea was developed. The degradation dynamics of the acetamiprid in the soil and cowpea and the last residue in the cowpea were researched. The method recovery was 81% - 88% and the linear relationship was good from 0.05 to 5μg·mL-1with a CV less than 5%, which could meet the detection requirement. The half-life of the acetamiprid were 3.3 days and 4.1 days, respectively in soil and cowpea. The residue of the acetamiprid in the cowpea was less than 0.5μg·g-14 days later when two times of the recommended dose. The half-life of the acetamiprid was short, which belongs to the easy degradation pesticide. The cowpea was sprayed 3 times, respectively with two times and 2.5 times of the recommended dose, which had a two days interval each time. The results showed that 4 days and 6 days later the acetamiprid residue in the cowpea were less than 0.5μg·g-1.
Health Effects of PM10 in the City Group of Beijing, Tianjin and Tangshan
Authors: Cen Shi Hong , Zhang Jing Kai , Yang Shu Shen , Shao Long Yi , Song Xiao Yan
Published: February 2014

After studying the toxicity of the PM10 samples, collected in the Spring and the Summer of 2010 in Beijing, Tianjing and Tangshan, as well as their water soluble fraction with the method of Plasmid DNA assay and comparing the toxicity differences of PM10 in different regions in different periods, we get the findings: Due to particulate matters’ different resources and complicate components, samples of the same mass concentration have different damage rates. The correlation between mass concentration and damage rate of the samples is not linear, indicating that the degree of particulate matters’ damage will reach a threshold value and then the range of damage will change with the increase of mass concentration under the effect of their complex components. The damage ability of the samples collected in spring is less than that in summer. In spring, the damage ability of particulate matters in Tangshan is the largest, Tianjin the second and the third is Beijing’s particulate matters. In summer, the damage ability of particulate matters in three cities is that Tianjin > Tangshan > Beijing. There is no much difference in toxicity between the samples and their water soluble fraction in the three cities in both spring and summer, which means that the toxicity of particulate matters in the same city under the same meteorological condition is similar to their water soluble fraction, showing that the components of particulate matters that cause the damage are largely water soluble.
The Effect of Temperature and Loading Rate on the Ammonia Nitrogen Removal in Horizontal Subsurface-Flow Constructed Wetlands with Different Vegetation and Substrate
Authors: Yu Xue Cen , Zhang Ming Xiao , Wen Yue , Zhou Qi
Published: February 2014

The removal of ammonia nitrogen from the polluted water was investigated in three different types of horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands, reed (Phragmites australis)/gravel bed (W1), hybrid vegetation {reed, cattail (Typha latifolia), bulrush (Scirpus validus)}/gravel bed (W2) and reed/hybrid substrates (gravel, zeolite, slag) bed (W3). At HRT of 28 d, NH3-N removal efficiencies of W1, W2 and W3 were-130%98%, -120%98% and 21%98% respectively throughout the whole year. The results showed that zeolite and slag contributed to higher NH3-N removal than gravel, especially in winter, and that cattail and bulrush did not show significant influences on NH3-N removal. The ranges of NH3-N removal rates were-2.332.14, -2.272.33 and 0.082.52 g·m-3·d-1 respectively under HRT of 2 d. NH3-N removal rates of W1 and W2 were much more affected by temperature than that of W3, which was due to the adsorption/desorption of zeolite.
Research on Numerical Simulations of Pollutant of Sewage
Authors: Wang Ying , Ye Wei , Li Ming Chang
Published: February 2014

To study the ocean environmental problem, the article analyses and predicts the hydrodynamic feature of study area on the basis of Ecom model. After simulation of the contributed concentration field, the paper assesses the influence of the cyanide in discharge of sewage on the marine water quality nearby. Research shows that the results reflected the rules of transportation and diffusion of pollutants in the tidal water area bitterly.
Determination of Alkaline Phosphatase in Activated Sludge
Authors: Yin Jun , Wang Yuan Ming , Wang Jian Hui
Published: February 2014

Experiment disodium phenyl phosphate as a reaction basic, stromal hydrolysis produce phenol, the amount of phenol indirectly indicates the activity of Alkaline Phosphatase.Experiment by absorption wavelength, activated sludge volume, disodium phenyl phosphate, aluminum sulfate, reagent, temperature and other factors affecting the determination of Alkaline Phosphatase were studied.The experiments optimal reaction conditions initially identified. At 37°C, when activated sludge volume of 5mL, 15mL disodium phenyl phosphate absorbance measured at the maximum value, highest levels of Alkaline Phosphatase. Results show that, 0.25mL reagent optimum dosage for the trial, the best absorption wavelength through fitting the peak-valley is 590nm.
Phosphorus Dynamic Adsorption from Wastewater by Iron-Oxide-Coated-Zeolite
Authors: He Zhao Ju , Lu Yan Qin , Zhu Li , Qiao Feng Mei
Published: February 2014

In this paper, Iron-Oxide-Coated-Zeolite has been prepared by using natural zeolite and ferric nitrate. The absorbing effect of IOCZ on phosphorus is also investigated, including the filler height, the flow rate and initial phosphorus concentration on breakthrough curve were studied. The results show that IOCZ as an adsorbent can effectively remove the phosphorus from the wastewater. When the filler height and the initial phosphorus concentration increased, the adsorption effect increased and the breakthrough time reduced. The best filler height is 30cm. The higher the initial phosphorus concentration is, the less the processing water is. Column experiment was used for advanced treatment and it can process substantial wastewater, and then makes the effluent phosphorus concentration meet the national emission standards. When the regenerated solution was trickled into the solution about 5min, almost all of the phosphorus separated from the IOCZ.
Application of Mixed-Level Orthogonal Design in Determination of Heavy Metals in Soil, for Example Pb
Authors: Xue Xi Cheng , Liu Gang
Published: February 2014

In order to precisely determinate absorbance of all kinds of heavy metals in soil,7- important factors were optimized by mixed-level orthogonal design.For example Pb,discuss the factors influence degree on digestion and determination of Pb.Pb-absorbance trends within the area is expressed by the change of two-dimensional planar contour.Pb-absorbance distribution was drawn by 3D visualization technology.In order to optimize the orthogonal design,taking the optimal value of decentralized points in orthogonal test convert into taking the optimal value on a continuous plane. Using Minitab16 software analyzed the experimental results.The results showed that affecting Pb digestion Primary and secondary order is B(HF)> C(HNO3)> A(HClO4)> I(Acetylene flow rate)>D(HCL)>G (Assistant combustion gas)>H(Lamp current)>F(Burner height),that was adding 9 mlHNO3, 3mLHF, 3 mlHClO4 in soil samples, after microwave digestion, got the optimal Pb-absorbance value 0.304 under the the working conditions of atomic absorption spectrophotometer for Pb 217.0nm, slit width 1.3nm, burner height 4nm, assistant combustion gas 2.4 L/min, the lamp current 4.0mA, propane flow rate 4.0 L/min.
Audit Evaluation on the Environmental Influence of Military Action
Authors: Zhou Yu , Liu Huan
Published: February 2014

This paper analyzes the environmental influence of military action, including physical damage, biochemical and nuclear pollution. Through establishing evaluation indexes and model, auditors evaluate the sufficiency, timeliness and effectiveness of protective or remedial measures taken in military action, as well as the pollution level of oil, air, water, noise, light and electromagnetism, aiming at judging the distress severity of pollution and providing basis for the confirmation of responsibility and reformulation of laws and regulations.
Coral Reefs Damage Assessment due to Oil Pollution in Egyptian Water
Authors: Hegazy E. H. , Mehanna Ahmed Kh. , Omar Mohamed Y. , Elkilani Heba , Hassan Amr A.
Published: February 2014

Coral reefs are the most biological systems productive and versatile on the surface of the planet earth, which is a source with economic and social, returns great for the country that God-given this natural wealth. Egypt is home to some of the most spectacular coral reefs and associated marine life in the world. Egypt has enacted laws and takes effective measures for the protection and management of coral reefs and associated ecosystems in the Red Sea and its Gulf to characterize these areas of the richness and diversity of coral reef environment is scarce to be repeated elsewhere in the world. The largest sub-sector for the Egyptian tourism market is the coastal tourism. Coastal tourism depends largely on intact reefs, and this is also one of the most important causes of reef degradation in Egypt. Over the last two decades live coral cover has declined in Egypt. Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA) implements its own methodology to estimate the coral reefs impacts as a result of the destruction of coral reefs due to ship aground or anchorage. This paper focuses on and presents the modelling of the destruction of coral reefs as a result of the collision and the ship ground damage assessment in case of oil spills in Egyptian coastal water referring to the EEAA methodology applied in Egypt.
Preparation of Activated Carbon Loaded with Ferric Oxide Hydrate and its Absorption for Arsenic
Authors: Chen Yu , Guo Zhe
Published: February 2014

In this study granular activated carbon loaded with ferric oxide hydrate (Fe-AC) as arsenic adsorbent was prepared by impregnation method. The influence of the kinds of ferric salt solution, the concentration of ferric salt solution, impregnation time and curing temperature on its arsenic removal effect was investigated. The optimal preparation conditions of the adsorbent were determined. And its adsorption properties of arsenic in aqueous solution were studied by static adsorption experiments. Results showed that when the dipping solution is 1.0 mol/L of Fe (NO3)3, impregnation time is 16h and the curing temperature is 60°C, the arsenic adsorption effect of the prepared adsorbent is best. The pattern of adsorption of As (V) with Fe-AC prepared under optimal condition well fit the Langmuir adsorption model, the correlation coefficient R2is greater than 0.98, and the maximum adsorption capacity is up to 71.43 mg/g.
Study on the Effects of Domestic Sewage on Soluble Protein Content of Parts Constructed Wetland Plants
Authors: Lu Min , Zhao Jie , Feng Lan Dong , Li Ke Ke , Zhao Xue Ming , Yan Hong Mei , Guo Tian You , Zhao Peng
Published: February 2014

The study on the resistance of different wetland plants to wastewater duress is the key to ecological wastewater treatment technology. This paper studies the change of soluble protein content in 4 common wetland plants (Phragmites communis, Typha angustata, Arundo donax and Canna generalis) in Shandong in different wastewater duress time. The results show: when the wastewater duress time is 2 days and 4 days, soluble protein content in Phragmites communis has minimal change, and its anti-stress capability is the strongest; when the wastewater duress time is 6 days, soluble protein content in Canna generalis has minimal change, and its anti-stress capability is the strongest, followed by Typha angustata.
Residual Characteristics of Organochlorine Pesticides in Vegetable Soils from the Middle of Yuanmou
Authors: Chen Shan Shan , Deng Xiao , Liu Jing Kun , Li Qin Fen , Wu Chun Yuan
Published: February 2014

The aim of this paper is to analyze the characteristics of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) residues in vegetable soils from the middle of Yuanmou. 12 surface soil (0~20 cm) samples of vegetable fields soil were collected and 18 types of OCPs in soil were analyzed by gas chromatography Results show that excepting for α-endosulfan, endrin, aldrin, o,p’-DDT and p,p’-DDT, other 13 types of OCPs was found with different degree in all the samples. The detection rate of 18 types of OCPs was nd~100%, the residue level was nd~11.76 μg•kg-1, OCPs residues were main chlorthiepin sulfate, HCHs and dieldrin. Residues of endosulfan, HCHs and dieldrin in the soils might come from the old usage and residues of heptachlor might come from the recent usage. Contamination of OCPs in soils from the middle of Yuanmou were relative lower than most areas in south of China.
Predictive Comprehensive Carrying Capacity Assessment for Marine Reclamation with Hydrodynamics, Ecology and Sediment
Authors: Li Ming Chang , Si Qi , Li Guang Lou , Wang Ying
Published: February 2014

In this paper, a systematic method is used to evaluate the comprehensive carrying capacity of marine reclamation with the predictive data of hydrodynamics, ecology and sediment. The predictive data are obtained by the numerical simulated results of hydrodynamics, water exchange, ecological loss and sediment. These data are coupled and input into a nonlinear set pair coupling assessment model for the predictive comprehensive carrying capacity assessment of marine reclamation. This method is calibrated by case study of Longqi Bay in Jinzhou China. This research results show that the predictive comprehensive carrying capacity assessment method is essential for guiding the marine reclamation.
The Optimal Extraction Path of Exhaustible Resources under Environment Control
Authors: Yan Xiao Xia , Zhang Jin Suo , Zou Shao Hui
Published: February 2014

Assuming in the perfectly competitive market, using the optimal control theory and making the social welfare as the maximization target, the paper studies on environment control which impacts the optimal extraction path of exhaustible resource. The special case result shows that: reserve and the changes of environment capacity function and curve are influenced by original reserve, discounted value, the absolute ratio of green environment flow to resource extraction quantity, and marginal cost.
The Growth Performance of Duckweed and Removal Rate of Nitrate and Phosphorus in Sewages with Different Processes
Authors: Zhang Qing Tao , Zhang Zhi Jian , Ma Jiong , Xiang Jiao
Published: February 2014

The growth performance of duckweed (Spirodela polyrrhiza) and its removal rate of nitrate and phosphorus in sewages taken from sewage treatment plant with different processes were studied. The experiments were conducted in an environmentally controlled growth chamber. Three kinds of sewages were taken from a grit chamber, a sedimentation tank, and the anoxic pond in a sewage treatment plant, respectively. The fourth kind of sewage was mixed using the sedimentation tank sewage and the anoxic pond sewage in a volumetric ratio 1:1. The weight of duckweed biomass were determined with a balance. Wastewater samples taken from the media were analyzed for total nitrogen (TN), ammonium nitrogen (NH4N), total phosphorus (TP), phosphatephosphorus (PO4P) using AA3 Continous Flow Analyzer. The results showed that Spirodela polyrrhiza grew well in sewages taken from grit chamber and sedimentation tank of a sewage treatment plant, whereas a lot of duckweed fronds were dead in the sewage taken from the anoxic pond due to the high TP (higher than 7.9 mg/L) and TN (higher than 51.6 mg/L). The suitable TN concentration for Spirodela polyrrhiza growth should not be higher than 45 mg/L. Compared with the treatments without duckweed, the NH4N concentrations were reduced more than 60% in ST and GC sewages with duckweed due to the NH4N uptake by duckweed. Spirodela polyrrhiza could remove TN efficiently in sewages with relative low concentration TN (less than 20 mg/L), while duckweed could not remove TN effectively in sewages with high concentration TN (higher than 20 mg/L). The TN concentration in GC sewage decreased greatly in the first four days, which probably brought about anaerobic condition, thus P uptake switched to net release of P, which caused the increase of the TP concentration in the GC sewage without duckweed in the last six days. O2 or oxidant should be provided for sewage treatment system using duckweed to ensure that efficient removal of TN and TP meanwhile. The TP and PO4P concentrations in the mixed sewage with duckweed increased far more than those for no-duckweed treatments, which could be related that the dead duckweed released P into the sewage.
Evaluate of Heavy Metal Content of some Edible Fish and Bivalve in Markets of Dandong, China
Authors: Meng Zhao Rong , Li Li , Wu Yao Qing
Published: February 2014

From June to July 2012, the heavy metal contents of Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, As and Hg in bivalves and the edible fish in Dandong market were determined by using incomplete digestion - AAS method. The results showed that the enrichment of heavy metals in bivalves was higher than those in fish. Significant differences in metal concentrations were found between the tissues of fish. Cd, Pb and Cr were mainly distributed in the scales and gill of the fish. The content of heavy metals in the edible parts of the fish was far below “the human consumption sanitation standard.” The eating quality was good for the edible part of the fish. The content of Cd in bivalves exceeded “the human consumption sanitation standard.” Bivalves containing heavy metals reduced its value for food and attention should be paid on the results.
Fourrier Transform Infrared and Gel Permeation Chromatography Evaluation to Prepared Polyurethane Paint from Polyol Palm Oil Based
Authors: Suryani Salim , Zaimahwati Zaimahwati
Published: February 2014

A New emulsion type paint was prepared by utilizing polyol for the production of polyurethane by reaction with an isocyanate was obtained by the synthesis of palm oil-based oleic acid with glycerol. Dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (DBSA) was used as catalyst and emulsifier. The various methods for preparing Polyurethane /clay nanocomposites, but in this research the author choice by a pre-polymer method and were evaluated by fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra to determine micro-domain structures of segmented PU. The molecular weight (MW) of polyol was obtained by using gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and the result was about 950. The micro domain structures of the segmented PU were analyzed by FTIR by following the work of Seymour, et.al. to estimated the degree of phase separation in segmented PU. The formation of hydrogen bonding by C=O group can be determined by examining the peak position at 1709 cm-1 for hydrogen bonded C=O and at 1731 cm-1 for free C=O. The molecular weight (MW) of PU based on palm oil was about 3.266. The performance characteristics of materials indicate to be comparable with the corresponding industrial standard.
Effect of the Amount of Water Medium on Short-Cut Rice Straw Based Composite
Authors: Wu Chuan Bao , Bo Yang
Published: February 2014

A series of such composites of poly (vinyl alcohol) and short-cut rice straw were prepared by hot-pressing method at different water medium amounts. And the effects of medium amount on the strength, elongation and hardness of composites were studied. Results indicate tensile strength of composite prepared with 5 mL medium is 119% higher than that with 10 mL medium at formula of 18 g rice straw and 12 g poly (vinyl alcohol). And this kind of strength difference is 98% higher at formula of 15 g rice straw and 15 g poly (vinyl alcohol). Elongation at break is 17.85% when 5 mL medium, 12 g poly (vinyl alcohol) and 18 g short-cut rice straw were used. However, it reaches 21.46% when 10 mL medium was used. The hardness fluctuation range shows no difference when preparation conditions were changed. But samples prepared with 5 mL medium roughly show higher hardness than that prepared with 10 mL medium.
Liquefaction Properties of Alanine Hydrosulfate Ionic Liquid on Pine
Authors: Huang Jian Hua , Xie Hong Lu , Zou Guo Feng
Published: February 2014

Ionic liquid containing alanine cations and hydrogen sulfate was synthesized using alanine and sulfuric acid as materials. Fourier Transform Infrared Specctrometer was used to verify the final product. The results showed that the objective product was developed successfully. General properties of the final product were detected. The results showed that strong acidity, large viscosity, soluble in polar solvents and insoluble in nonpolar solvents were the products properties which were suitable for liquefying. The liquefaction rate of ionic liquid on pine was studied. Study the optimum liquefaction condition using the method of orthogonal experiment design. By stirring at 120°C for 2 hours using ionic liquid with the concentration of 80% and with the mass ratio of 30, liquefaction rate of ionic liquid on pine was high.
The Research of the Water Tank Compound Inhibitor for Vehicle
Authors: Lu Lu , Zou En Yi , Lian Zhi Rong , Xu Hui , Wei Yu
Published: February 2014

Adding inhibitor is the main method to control the metal corrosion in closed and open cooling water tank. The effect of single cooling water inhibitor is poor, generally adopted compound inhibitor. The inhibitor is a kind of compound inhibitor. The applicability of inhibitor is well, the request is not high. The corrosion inhibition is good in water which hardness < 20mmol/L and Cl-< 70 mg/L. So the tap water or well water can use directly.
Study on Intake Performance of Camless Engine
Authors: Xu Ming Hai , Liu Liang , Chang Si Qin
Published: February 2014

Electromagnetically-driven valve (EMVA) represents one of the most important developments in camless engines, which can realize unthrottled load control. An AVL-BOOST simulation model for a camless engine equipped with EMVA is built up and validated by the experimental results. The performance of the camless engine is simulated, and the intake performance and pumping loss are determined. The results of research show that the mass flow of the camless engine can be controlled by changing the intake valve opening duration, so that the load is controlled. They also show that the pumping loss can be reduced and the fuel economy can be improved during part load.
Dynamic Analysis on the Principle and General Research Situation of Band Conveyor
Authors: Wang Mei
Published: February 2014

The process of large belt conveyor operation must be more accurate by using dynamic analysis. Dynamic analysis and complex, not easy to grasp, needanalysis software -- conveyor dynamic analysis. Based on the status analysis of the domestic belt conveyor dynamic, about software overview of belt conveyor dynamic analysis, the design principle and the belt conveyor dynamic, analysis and applicationof dynamic analysis software.
Optimize Selected of Anti-Attrition Ridge Parameters through Numerical Simulation in CFB Boiler Blended with Waste Sludge
Authors: Lou Bo , Diao Hai Liang , Wu Si Ke
Published: February 2014

Combustion in boiler blended with waste sludge can cause serious abrasion in the furnace. In this paper, Fluent6.3 was applied to establish three-dimensional numerical combustion model based on k-ε turbulence equations and Lagrangian stochastic particle trajectory to analyze a CFB (Circulating Fluidized Bed) boiler of a power plant in Guangdong province. The results show that anti-attritions will break the ring-core adherent regurgitation of the particles thus reducing erosion of particles made to the furnace wall. Furthermore, a setting of three anti-attrition ridges can prolongate the life of the wall by 2.49 times. Increasing numbers and the length of ridges are beneficial to wall, which should be limited shorter than 150mm duo to heat tube slagging, and implementing a shape of trapezoid instead of rectangle all are derived as enhancements to the feature of anti-attrition of CFB.
Improving the Reliability of RFID Interrogator by an Inclined Contact Surface Design in Vehicle Infrastructure Cooperation Systems
Authors: Xu Xu , Zhang Yi
Published: February 2014

An inclined contact surface design for Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) interrogator with easy-pick gaps has been developed. Compared with the curved surface and pallet surface, the performance of inclined contact surface has been investigated in the calculated electromagnetic configurations and experimental results. It is found that the inclined contact surface has the improved reliability of data writing of RFID. By experimentally and theoretically analyzing, the improved reliability is considered to be the combined results of the energy coupling configurations and the depressed material contacts effect.
An Equipment of Separating Fish Flesh from Steaks Efficiently
Authors: Wu Jian Zhong , Li Ma , Zhou Hua , Zhang Chen , Hu Xue Xiao
Published: February 2014

An equipment for separating fish flesh from steaks was designed. The law of separation with the device was investigated, which lay a solid foundation for further amplification experiment. The optimum separation conditions are: heating the fish steaks at 121°C for 40min, pumping the liquid to the separation vessel in tangential direction, and the flow velocity was 35L /min. The fish steaks were separated to pure fish flesh, fishbone and fish soup efficiently under the above conditions. There are many advantages of the equipment, including the simple structure, the efficient separation effect and the high quality of the separation products. Additionally, this equipment can also be applied to other livestock and poultry products processing, which is worthy for further research and application.
Research on Electronic Differential Speed Control for In-Wheel Motor Drive Electric Vehicle
Authors: Zhu Chuan Qi , Wu Sen , Yang Yun Zhen
Published: February 2014

The paper studies control strategy of electronic differential for four in-wheel motors independent drive vehicle. For the in-wheel motor independent drive electric vehicle, the differential speed relationship among the two wheels is analyzed according to the Ackermann&Jeantand steering mode, building the steering differential speed mode which adapt to bench test. When a vehicle drives on a straight line, the speed of each drive wheel is equal. While on a curve, the speed between the inner wheel and the outer one must be different in order to maintain vehicle stability and avoid vehicle skid. The all wheels must meet the requirement of angular speed. Based on Matlab/Simulink software , As a input, vehicle structure parameter, steering angular and so on, this model of differential speed was structured, drive wheel differential speed relationship at different steering wheel angles was determined .Finally, this electronic differential speed control for in-wheel motor drive electric vehicle is validated through PID control closed loops bench simulation test .
Explore the Structure of the Building Envelope Energy
Authors: Tong Zhi Neng
Published: February 2014

Energy efficiency must first be a good envelope, then consider saving technology from the device. From the perspective of building life-cycle perspective, the eco-design of energy-efficient throughout, so that the building has good ventilation and shade integrated structure, building envelope insulation effect good, reasonable equipment systems, these measures will be building energy efficiency has played a active role. According to these principles, the program selection, save energy, to obtain better results.
Research on Aesthetics and Energy Efficiency Design of Architecture
Authors: Chen Shuang
Published: February 2014

Today, the global environmental awareness becomes increasingly strong. To build beautiful and green energy-saving architecture turns to the construction mainstream. This paper studies several contemporary architectures, such as typical business, industrial and office buildings, and analyzes them from two aspects of efficiency and aesthetics. The design concept that energy efficiency is in the first place and aesthetic in the second place is proposed. The target is to comply with the requirements of environmental protection.
A Study on Design Improvement for Application of Sandwich Insulation System
Authors: Lee Ho Yeol , Kim Yumin , Lee Yong Jun , Choi Gyeong Seok , Kang Jae Sik
Published: February 2014

The heat loss through the envelope accounts for the largest portion of the energy consumption in a building. It takes up more than 40% of the total heating and cooling energy. Therefore, a high performance insulation envelope technology that is 80% more energy efficient than the existing systems should be the basis of passive house construction. This study aims to improve the detailed design for efficient application of sandwich insulation system. And finally, an optimal sandwich insulation detail was selected.
Influence of Alloying Element on Corrosion Behavior of Hastelloy C-276 in Supercritical Water
Authors: Tang Xing Ying , Wang Shu Zhong , Li Yan Hui , Qian Li Li
Published: February 2014

The corrosion tests of Cr, Fe and Ni of Hastelloy C-276 were studied at high temperature and pressure with different aggressive components. The results were investigated by means of graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The Cr forms stable oxide and NiO is unstable. There is a synergistic effect between salt and oxygen leading to a severe loss of metals. The PO43- can improve the resistance to corrosion for Hastelloy C-276 due to the low-solubility phosphates. The colors of effluences can better support the changed concentrations of metals. The lost metals can reveal the corrosion mechanism of Ni-based alloys.
Seismic Performance of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete (SFRC) Infill Wall Element with Vertical Slits for Strengthening of Non-Ductile Frame
Authors: Lim Won Gyun , Yun Yeon Jun , Lee Mi Hwa , Yun Hyun Do
Published: February 2014

This paper provides experimental results on the seismic performance of four concrete infill wall elements with test variables of vertical slits and hooked end steel fiber reinforcing. 1/3-scale infill wall elements with height-to-length ratio of 0.55 were manufactured and tested up to failure. Four walls (CIW-N and-S, SCIW-N and-S) are similar to each other except presence of steel fiber reinforcement and vertical slits with the width of 40 mm. All specimens had the same rectangular cross-section of 1,100 mm x 50 mm, with wall panel height of 600 mm. The experimental results showed that concrete infill wall element with vertical slits exhibited more stable hysteretic behavior than solid infill wall element. This phenomenon is remarkable for steel fiber reinforced concrete infill wall element. Inclusion of vertical slits on the normal concrete and steel fiber reinforced concrete infill wall element improve the ductility and energy dissipation capacity but decrease the load-carrying capacity and stiffness of infill walls.
Present Glazing Classification under the Energy Efficiency Labeling Program of Window System in Korea, South
Authors: Kim Kyoung Sang , Kim Yu Min , Choi Gyeong Seok , Kang Jae Sik
Published: February 2014

In order to prevent the large amount of energy use loss on the window system including the problematic condensation, poor indoor comfort, and the durability problem on the construction materials within the building enclosure system, the coverage for the high performance sustainable window system should be distributed excessively and encourage the industries willingly within any relevant industrial technologies. In this study, hence it is evaluated the performance distribution of the window system designing for the energy efficiency through the thermal and air-tightness performance evaluation based on the more than seven hundred sixty certified products in the Energy Efficiency Labeling Program.
Influence of Casting Temperature on the Heat of Hydration in Mass Concrete Foundation with Ternary Cements
Authors: Lee Mi Hwa , Chae Young Seok , Khil Bae Su , Yun Hyun Do
Published: February 2014

This study is conducted to evaluate analytically the effect of casting temperature on the heat of hydration in mass concrete foundation with ternary cements and Type IV low heat cement. The mat foundation has the dimension of 15m length, 20m width and 3m depth. Casting temperatures considered for mat foundation consist of 10, 20 and 30C ̊. A commercial software MIDAS/Gen was used to analyze the hydration heat of mass concrete foundation. The maximum adiabatic temperature rise (K), and the coefficient of temperature rise˰˸α˹˰for thermal analysis were drawn from adiabatic temperature rise test. Analytical results show that blended cement PSLB_352 is the most effective to control the heat of hydration in mass concrete foundation and external temperature increases the maximum heat of hydration and crack probability of mat foundation with mass concrete.
Effect of Steel Fiber Volume Fraction and Curing Conditions on the Compressive Behavior of Alkali-Activated Slag Concrete
Authors: Kang Dae Hyun , Kim Hye Ran , Yun Hyun Do
Published: February 2014

In this paper, an experimental investigation was carried out to examine the influence of hooked end steel fiber volume fraction and curing conditions on the compressive performance of concrete produced by using ordinary portland cement (OPC) and alkali-activated slag (AAS). Three different volume fractions of 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% were used in OPC and AAS concrete mixtures. Cylindrical specimens with 100 x 200mm were tested for compressive behavior of both concretes at 3, 7 and 28 days of curing age. Test results showed that curing conditions had a significant effect on compressive properties in the hardened OPC and AAS concretes. The addition of steel fibers generated a decrease in compressive strength of OPC while an increase in the compressive strength of AAS concrete was shown with adding steel fiber.