bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
School-based mindfulness training in early adolescence: what works, for whom and how in the MYRIAD trial?
Authors: Montero-Marin Jesus , Allwood Matthew , Ball Susan , Crane Catherine , De Wilde Katherine , Hinze Verena , Jones Benjamin , Lord Liz , Nuthall Elizabeth , Raja Anam , Taylor Laura , Tudor Kate ,   MYRIAD Team, Blakemore Sarah-Jayne , Byford Sarah , Dalgleish Tim , Ford Tamsin , Greenberg Mark T , Ukoumunne Obioha C , Williams J Mark G , Kuyken Willem
Published: July 2022

Background

Preventing mental health problems in early adolescence is a priority. School-based mindfulness training (SBMT) is an approach with mixed evidence.

Objectives

To explore for whom SBMT does/does not work and what influences outcomes.

Methods

The My Resilience in Adolescence was a parallel-group, cluster randomised controlled trial (K=84 secondary schools; n=8376 students, age: 11–13) recruiting schools that provided standard social–emotional learning. Schools were randomised 1:1 to continue this provision (control/teaching as usual (TAU)), and/or to offer SBMT (‘.b’ (intervention)). Risk of depression, social–emotional–behavioural functioning and well-being were measured at baseline, preintervention, post intervention and 1 year follow-up. Hypothesised moderators, implementation factors and mediators were analysed using mixed effects linear regressions, instrumental variable methods and path analysis.

Findings

SBMT versus TAU resulted in worse scores on risk of depression and well-being in students at risk of mental health problems both at post intervention and 1-year follow-up, but differences were small and not clinically relevant. Higher dose and reach were associated with worse social–emotional–behavioural functioning at postintervention. No implementation factors were associated with outcomes at 1-year follow-up. Pregains−postgains in mindfulness skills and executive function predicted better outcomes at 1-year follow-up, but the SBMT was unsuccessful to teach these skills with clinical relevance.

SBMT as delivered in this trial is not indicated as a universal intervention. Moreover, it may be contraindicated for students with existing/emerging mental health symptoms.

Clinical implications

Universal SBMT is not recommended in this format in early adolescence. Future research should explore social−emotional learning programmes adapted to the unique needs of young people.
The impact of mindfulness training in early adolescence on affective executive control, and on later mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Dunning Darren , Ahmed S , Foulkes L , Griffin C , Griffiths K , Leung J T , Parker J , Piera Pi-Sunyer Blanca , Sakhardande A , Bennett M , Haag C , Montero-Marin Jesus , Packman D , Vainre Maris , Watson P ,   The MYRIAD Team, Kuyken Willem , Williams J Mark G , Ukoumunne Obioha C , Blakemore Sarah-Jayne , Dalgleish Tim
Published: July 2022

Background

Previous research suggests that mindfulness training (MT) appears effective at improving mental health in young people. MT is proposed to work through improving executive control in affectively laden contexts. However, it is unclear whether MT improves such control in young people. MT appears to mitigate mental health difficulties during periods of stress, but any mitigating effects against COVID-related difficulties remain unexamined.

Objective

To evaluate whether MT (intervention) versus psychoeducation (Psy-Ed; control), implemented in after-school classes: (1) Improves affective executive control; and/or (2) Mitigates negative mental health impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

A parallel randomised controlled trial (RCT) was conducted (Registration:https://osf.io/d6y9q/; Funding: Wellcome (WT104908/Z/14/Z, WT107496/Z/15/Z)). 460 students aged 11-16 years were recruited and randomised 1:1 to either MT (N=235) or Psy-Ed (N=225) and assessed preintervention and postintervention on experimental tasks and self-report inventories of affective executive control. The RCT was then extended to evaluate protective functions of MT on mental health assessed after the first UK COVID-19 lockdown.

Findings

Results provided no evidence that the version of MT used here improved affective executive control after training or mitigated negative consequences on mental health of the COVID-19 pandemic relative to Psy-Ed. No adverse events were reported.

Conclusions

There is no evidence that MT improves affective control or downstream mental health of young people during stressful periods.

Clinical implications

We need to identify interventions that can enhance affective control and thereby young people’s mental health.
Do mindfulness-based programmes improve the cognitive skills, behaviour and mental health of children and adolescents? An updated meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Dunning Darren , Tudor Kate , Radley Lucy , Dalrymple Nicola , Funk Julia , Vainre Maris , Ford Tamsin , Montero-Marin Jesus , Kuyken Willem , Dalgleish Tim
Published: July 2022

Question

Mindfulness-based programmes (MBPs) are an increasingly popular approach to improving mental health in young people. Our previous meta-analysis suggested that MBPs show promising effectiveness, but highlighted a lack of high-quality, adequately powered randomised controlled trials (RCTs). This updated meta-analysis assesses the-state-of the-art of MBPs for young people in light of new studies. It explores MBP’s effectiveness in active vs passive controls; selective versus universal interventions; and studies that included follow-up.

Study selection and analysis

We searched for published and unpublished RCTs of MBPs with young people (<19 years) in PubMed Central, PsycINFO, Web of Science, EMBASE, ICTRP, ClinicalTrials.gov, EThOS, EBSCO and Google Scholar. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted, and standardised mean differences (Cohen’s d) were calculated.

Findings

Sixty-six RCTs, involving 20 138 participants (9552 receiving an MBP and 10 586 controls), were identified. Compared with passive controls, MBPs were effective in improving anxiety/stress, attention, executive functioning, and negative and social behaviour (d from 0.12 to 0.35). Compared against active controls, MBPs were more effective in reducing anxiety/stress and improving mindfulness (d=0.11 and 0.24, respectively). In studies with a follow-up, there were no significant positive effects of MBPs. No consistent pattern favoured MBPs as a universal versus selective intervention.

Conclusions

The enthusiasm for MBPs in youth has arguably run ahead of the evidence. While MBPs show promising results for some outcomes, in general, the evidence is of low quality and inconclusive. We discuss a conceptual model and the theory-driven innovation required to realise the potential of MBPs in supporting youth mental health.
Left atrial appendage preservation versus closure during surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Kim Ho Jin , Chang Dong-Hee , Kim Seon-Ok , Kim Jin Kyoung , Kim Kiyun , Jung Sung-Ho , Lee Jae Won , Kim Joon Bum
Published: July 2022

Objective

There is limited evidence regarding the effectiveness of left atrial appendage (LAA) closure during surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) in yielding superior clinical outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the association of LAA closure versus preservation with the risk of adverse clinical outcomes among patients undergoing surgical ablation during cardiac surgery.

Methods

We evaluated 1640 patients (aged 58.8±11.5 years, 898 women) undergoing surgical ablation during cardiac surgery (including mitral valve (MV), n=1378; non-MV, n=262) between 2001 and 2018. Of these, 804 had LAA preserved, and the remaining 836 underwent LAA closure. Comparative risks of stroke and mortality between the two groups were evaluated after adjustments with inverse-probability-of-treatment weighting (IPTW). Longitudinal echocardiographic data (n=9674, 5.9/patient) on transmitral A-wave and E/A-wave ratio were analysed by random coefficient models.

Results

Adjustment with IPTW yielded patient cohorts well-balanced for baseline profiles. During a median follow-up of 43.5 months (IQR 19.0–87.3 months), stroke and death occurred in 87 and 249 patients, respectively. The adjusted risk of stroke (HR 0.85; 95% CI 0.52–1.39) and mortality (HR 0.80; 95% CI 0.61 to 1.05) did not differ significantly between the two groups. Echocardiographic data demonstrated higher transmitral A-wave velocity (group-year interaction, p=0.066) and lower E/A-wave ratio (group-year interaction, p=0.045) in the preservation group than in the closure group.

Conclusions

LAA preservation during surgical AF ablation was not associated with an increased risk of stroke or mortality. Postoperative LA transport functions were more favourable with LAA preservation than with LAA closure.
Wernicke’s encephalopathy in advanced cancer
Authors: Brown Samantha , Hutt-Williams Suzanne
Published: July 2022

This 54-year-old woman with metastatic breast cancer presented with severe confusion, incontinence and self-neglect. MRI suggested Wernicke’s encephalopathy (WE) without any history of alcohol misuse. The patient’s symptoms seemed to not respond to acute treatment. Cancer progression was assumed to be causing her condition and she was discharged to a nursing home with community palliative care team follow-up. This case demonstrates the natural course of cancer-associated WE and eventual improvement with thiamine therapy. It also illustrates a role for specialist palliative care follow up for patients discharged to a nursing home for expected end-of-life care.
Bovine lactoferrin increases the poly(I:C)-induced antiviral response in vitro
Authors: Kobayashi-Sakamoto Michiyo , Maeda Toyonobu , Kimura Miyuki , Yusa Junko , Ito Hiroshi , Tani Hideki , Kato Yasumasa , Hirose Kimiharu
Published: July 2022

Bovine lactoferrin (bLF) is a naturally occurring glycoprotein with antibacterial and antiviral activities. We evaluated whether bLF can prevent viral infections in the human intestinal epithelial cell line Caco-2. To assess antiviral responses, we measured the levels of interferon (IFN) expression, IFN-stimulated gene expression, and infection with a pseudotyped virus bearing either severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein or vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-G protein after treatment of cells with both bLF and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid, an analog of double-stranded RNA that mimics viral infection. Combination treatment of cells with both bLF and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid increased mRNA and protein expression of several IFN genes ( IFNB, IFNL1, and IFNL2) and IFN-stimulated genes ( ISG15, MX1, IFITM1, and IFITM3) in Caco-2 cells. However, treatment with bLF alone did not induce an antiviral response. Furthermore, combination treatment suppressed infection of the SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped virus more efficiently than did bLF treatment alone, even though combination treatment increased the expression of mRNA encoding ACE2. These results indicate that bLF increases the antiviral response associated with the double-stranded RNA-stimulated signaling pathway. Our results also suggest that bLF and double-stranded RNA analogs can be used to treat viral infections, including those caused by SARS-CoV-2.
Developing a framework to estimate dynamic reference points for American lobster using a thermally explicit spawning stock biomass/recruitment relationship
Authors: Hodgdon Cameron T. , Shank Burton , Chen Yong
Published: July 2022

Management of marine species often relies on biological reference points (BRPs): threshold and target indicators that trigger management actions. These BRPs are usually based on the biology of the species and rarely consider environmental effects. Under climate change, this is problematic as many biological/physiological relationships are assumed temporally static. This spurious assumption can lead to inaccurate management practices. To combat this problem, recent research highlights the importance of developing temporally dynamic BRPs. This paper sees the development of a dynamic BRP calculator to inform management of levels of spawning biomass necessary to sustain the desired future levels of recruitment given forecasted climate scenarios. We test this calculator on American lobster ( Homarus americanus) of the Gulf of Maine and Georges Bank. Results for lobster indicate a temperature-driven, but complex, spawning biomass/recruitment relationship. Increased warming scenarios appear to yield overall higher recruitment per spawning biomass and dynamic BRPs calculated under these scenarios reveal that smaller population levels can sustain management-desired recruitment levels. This study highlights the importance of developing dynamic BRPs for fisheries management in a changing environment.
The equivalence and/or the effacing principle in $$ f\left( R\right) $$ theories of gravity
Authors: Bhattacharyya Soham
Published: July 2022

The Einstein–Hilbert action of the general theory of relativity (GR) is the integral of the scalar curvature R. It is a theory that is drawn from the Equivalence principle and has predictions that come out as a consequence of the principle, in observables. Testing such observables to find confirmation/infirmation of the principle has formed a significant chunk of tests of GR itself. It is expected that quantum corrections to GR may add additional higher powers of R to the Einstein–Hilbert action, or more generally, modifying the action into a generic class of functions of the Ricci scalar. Testing the fate of the prized equivalence principle, in such modified theories of gravity, hence become important in order to obtain a more generic theory of gravitation, and consequently, of gravitating objects. In this study, it is shown that a Post-Newtonian (PN) expansion of a class of $$ f\left( R\right) $$

f

R

theories lead to a sequence of solutions to the two-body problem, which follows the equivalence principle (EP) at the Newtonian order, and generalizes to the ‘effacing principle’ at a higher PN order.
Dynamics of quantum correlations in a quantum dot system with intrinsic decoherence effects
Authors: Chaouki Essalha , Dahbi Zakaria , Mansour Mostafa
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we explore the dynamics of quantum correlations in an isolated physical quantum dot under the influence of intrinsic decoherence (ID). We characterize quantum correlations in the quantum dot system using Concurrence to capture the amount of entanglement, and we use Trace Distance Discord (TDD) and Local Quantum Uncertainty (LQU) to measure nonclassical correlations. Likewise, we investigate the effect of ID on the temporal evolution of these quantifiers. In particular, the behavior of the two discord-like quantifiers in terms of the system parameters and the ID rate is investigated and analyzed in detail. We found that TDD and LQU behave similarly for different parameters characterizing the considered system and that TDD is more resistant than Concurrence and LQU against the ID effects. Our results also show that the robustness of quantum correlations can be modulated by adjusting the ID rate, quantum dot physical properties and initial conditions.
Parallel Optimal Design of SSR Response Signal Processing Algorithms Based on GPU
Authors: Li Ke , Zhang Jianqiang , Li Shengjun
Published: July 2022

In order to solve the key problems of secondary surveillance radar signal debugging on special devices such as DSP and FPGA, a parallel processing scheme of secondary surveillance radar response signal is proposed based on CPU–GPU architecture. It can effectively reduce the difficulty of code development and improve the portability of program. The parallel optimization design of each processing model of response signal is made through the characteristics of shared memory in CPU–GPU architecture to improve the processing speed of the algorithm. The proposed scheme is tested and analyzed on different graphics cards by the secondary surveillance radar Mode-5 response signal in this paper. The experimental results showed that it takes 8390.52960 us to implement the signal processing algorithm based on NVIDIA Tesla K40c graphics card, which can save 51.98% of time than NVIDIA Quadro K4200 graphics card, and makes it possible to do the real-time processing of the secondary surveillance radar signal.
Sensitivity Assessment of Electrically Doped Cavity on Source Junctionless Tunnel Field-Effect Transistor-Based Biosensor
Authors: Bind Mukesh Kumar , Nigam Kaushal , Singh Sajai Vir
Published: July 2022

The tunnel field-effect transistor (TFET) has emerged as a promising device for biosensing applications due to band-to-band tunneling (BTBT) operation mechanism and a steep subthreshold swing. In this paper, an electrically doped cavity on source junctionless tunnel field-effect transistor (ED-CS-JLTFET)-based biosensor is proposed for label-free detection of biomolecules. In the proposed model, the electrically doped concept is enabled to reduce fabrication complexity and cost. In order to create a nano-cavity at the source region, some portion of the dielectric oxide of the polarity gate terminal is etched away. To perceive the presence of biomolecules, two important properties of biomolecules, such as dielectric constant and charge density, are incorporated throughout the simulation. The sensing performance of the proposed ED-CS-JLTFET-based biosensor has been analyzed in terms of transfer characteristics, threshold voltage and subthreshold swing. In addition, the sensitivity of the proposed biosensor has also been analyzed with respect to different fill factors (FFs), varying nano-cavity dimension and work-function of the control gate. It is found from the simulated results that the proposed ED-CS-JLTFET-based biosensor offers higher current sensitivities with neutral, positively charged and negatively charged biomolecules of [Formula: see text] (at k [Formula: see text]), [Formula: see text] (at [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] C[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text]) and [Formula: see text] (at k [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] C[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text]), respectively.
The Rohlin invariant and ℤ/2-valued invariants of homology spheres
Authors: Riba Ricard
Published: July 2022

In this paper we prove that the Rohlin invariant is the unique invariant inducing a homomorphism on the Torelli group. Using this result we generalize the construction of invariants of homology 3-spheres from families of trivial 2-cocycles on the Torelli group given by Pitsch to include invariants with values on an abelian group with 2-torsion.
Cosmic analysis for some parametrized squared speed of sound models in nonzero torsion cosmology
Authors: Rani Shamaila , Ashraf Iram , Jawad Abdul
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we use some squared speed of sound models in the framework of the nonzero torsion theory for flat FRW spacetime. These squared speeds of sound models depend on equation-of-state (EoS) parameter. We discuss the accelerated expansion of the universe through some cosmological parameters like Hubble parameter, deceleration parameter and statefinder parameters. For deceleration parameter, we get some constraints to be fulfilled by model parameters for the sake of accelerated expansion of the universe. The statefinder parameters show the [Formula: see text]CDM limit as well as some consistent behavior for each model. We also check the validity of generalized second law of thermodynamics and thermal equilibrium for each model by taking into account Bekenstein entropy. In terms of EoS parameter having range of quintessence, cosmological constant as well as phantom era, we get consistent results for particular values of model constants.
A time-dependent spacetime in f(R,T) gravity: Gravitational collapse
Authors: Rudra Prabir
Published: July 2022

In this note, a time-dependent spacetime is explored in the background of [Formula: see text] gravity via the gravitational collapse of a massive star. The star is modeled by the Vaidya spacetime which is time-dependent in nature. The coupling of matter with curvature is the key feature of [Formula: see text] theory and here we have investigated its effects on a collapsing scenario. Two different types of models, one involving minimal and the other involving nonminimal coupling between matter and curvature are considered for our study. Power law and exponential functionalities are considered as examples to check the outcome of the gravitational collapse. A detailed analysis on the appearance of horizons in Vaidya spacetime is performed and its astrophysical implications are explored. Our prime objective is to explore the nature of singularities (black hole or naked singularity) that form as an end state of the collapse. Existence of outgoing radial null geodesics from the central singularity was probed and such existence implied the formation of naked singularities thus defying the cosmic censorship hypothesis. The absence of such outgoing null geodesics would imply the formation of an event horizon and the singularity formed becomes a black hole. Conditions under which such possibilities occur are derived for all the models and sub-models. Gravitational strength of the singularity is also investigated and the conditions under which we can get a strong or a weak singularity is derived. The results obtained are very interesting and may be attributed to the coupling between curvature and matter. It is seen that for nonminimal coupling there is a possibility of a globally naked singularity, whereas for a minimal coupling scenario local nakedness is the only option. It is also found that the singularity formed can be sufficiently weak in nature, which is cosmologically desirable.
COMPARISON OF THE SUCCESS OF META-HEURISTIC ALGORITHMS IN TOOL PATH PLANNING OF COMPUTER NUMERICAL CONTROL MACHINE
Authors: ÇAŞKA SERKAN , GÖK KADIR , GÖK ARIF
Published: July 2022

Carrying out an engineering process with the least cost and within the shortest time is the basic purpose in many fields of industry. In Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machining, performing a process by following a certain order reduces cost and time of the process. In the literature, there are research works involving varying methods that aim to minimize the length of the CNC machine tool path. In this study, the trajectory that the CNC machine tool follows while drilling holes on a plate was discussed within the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP). Genetic Algorithms (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) methods were used to solve TSP. The case that the shortest tool path was obtained was determined by changing population size parameter in GA, PSO, and GWO methods. The results were presented in tables.
A crop yield prediction model based on an improved artificial neural network and yield monitoring using a blockchain technique
Authors: Sumathi M. , Rajkamal M. , Raja S. P. , Venkatachalapathy M. , Vijayaraj N.
Published: July 2022

Nowadays, improving a crop yield ([Formula: see text]) is an emerging and essential task to reduce food scarcity. Factors impacting [Formula: see text] improvement include rising population, water shortage, fertilizer use, climate change and unprecedented insect attacks. To resolve these issues, a smart agriculture technique is proposed in this work. Internet of Things (IoT) sensor devices are used to collect data from farms, following which the fuzzy association rule-based classification technique classifies the data into two, valuable and nonvaluable. An improved artificial neural network (IANN) algorithm is applied to identify and analyze the factors involved in monitoring [Formula: see text]’s. Thereafter, all valuable data pertaining to the type of seed, fertilizer and crop cost is stored in blocks to secure data and communication between members of the farming community. Finally, an edge computing device is used to store the blocks and transfer information. The valuable data collected is classified using the fuzzy association rule and analyzed using the IANN technique, both of which facilitate a comparison with the historical data so as to enable better decision making in terms of seed and fertilizer selection. Similarly, crop price is predicted through a comparison of present and historical yields. To overcome breaches in security, a blockchain technique is employed in this work to secure communication between farmers, investors and merchants. The investor dispatches instructions on the selection of the seed and fertilizer, as well as the crop cost, through the blockchain to the farmer and the merchant. Such secure communication bypasses third-party involvement and inconsistencies in the data. When compared to the traditional method, the proposed technique offers better accuracy and profits, right from seed selection to trading. The proposed IANN technique produced a higher yield than the traditional method with a profit of 51%, 35% and 20% for rice, bananas and flowers, respectively. Similarly, the IANN technique provides 99.15% prediction accuracy in terms of a profit analysis. The blockchain and edge computing-based transactions improve security and reduce transactional latency. The proposed system ensures sustainability and traceability in agriculture.
Implementation of quantum hitting times of cubelike graphs on IBM’s Qiskit platform
Authors: Mulherkar Jaideep , Rajdeepak Rishikant , Sunitha V.
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we give a procedure to construct quantum circuits for implementing discrete-time quantum walks on a family of Cayley graphs called cubelike graphs. We construct these circuits on IBM’s Qiskit platform and demonstrate an implementation of the quantum hitting times on cubelike graphs. Based on our numerical study, we conjecture that for all families of cubelike graphs there is a linear relationship between the degree of a cubelike graph and its hitting time which holds asymptotically. This conjecture, if proved, will generalize the result of hitting times of discrete-time quantum walks on hypercubes to general family of cubelike graphs.
Asymptotic freeness of unitary matrices in tensor product spaces for invariant states
Authors: Collins Benoît , Lamarre Pierre Yves Gaudreau , Male Camille
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we pursue our study of asymptotic properties of families of random matrices that have a tensor structure. In [6], the first and second authors provided conditions under which tensor products of unitary random matrices are asymptotically free with respect to the normalized trace. Here, we extend this result by proving that asymptotic freeness of tensor products of Haar unitary matrices holds with respect to a significantly larger class of states. Our result relies on invariance under the symmetric group, and therefore on traffic probability. As a byproduct, we explore two additional generalizations: (i) we state results of freeness in a context of general sequences of representations of the unitary group — the fundamental representation being a particular case that corresponds to the classical asymptotic freeness result for Haar unitary matrices, and (ii) we consider actions of the symmetric group and the free group simultaneously and obtain a result of asymptotic freeness in this context as well.
Assessment of torsional behavior of bone section using meshfree method based on TPS radial basis function
Authors: Prasad Ram Bilas , Singh Jeeoot , Shukla K. K.
Published: July 2022

The torsional study of bone cross-sections consisting of porous and functionally graded material (FGM) is presented in this paper. The modeling of the bone can be thought of as an FGM. For the modeling of FGM material, a classical power law is used. The strength of the bone is reduced when the microstructure of the bone changes with age. Saint-Venant torsion theory is used to formulate the governing equation. Thin plate spline (TPS) radial basis function-based collocation meshfree method is used for discretization and solution of the governing differential equations. The discretized partial differential equations are solved using MATLAB programming. To assess the effectiveness and accuracy of the current TPS-based meshfree approach, numerical examples for circular and hollow circular sections were used to conduct a convergence and validation test. Finally, the torsional rigidity and shear stress of the FGM and porous bone sections are estimated using an actual cross-section of the bone. After conducting a convergence study, a method is developed to produce fresh findings for the actual bone shape section.
Analytical solutions for bending, buckling and vibration of nanobeams on Winkler–Pasternak foundation
Authors: Siddique Minhaj Uddin Mahmood , Islam Mohammad Nazmul , Devnath Indronil
Published: July 2022

The nonlocal elasticity theory and the Euler–Bernoulli (EB) beam theory are used to present closed-form analytical expressions for static bending, axial buckling, and free vibration of nanosized beams resting on an elastic foundation. The differential constitutive relations of Eringen are utilized to represent the small-scale effects of the nanobeam’s mechanical response. The governing equation of motion is derived by employing Hamilton’s principle. Utilizing the Laplace transform approach, analytical expressions of the bending displacements, the critical buckling force, and the vibration frequency of nanobeams with simply supported (S-S), clamped, cantilevered, and propped cantilevered boundary conditions are produced. In order to confirm the correctness of the offered closed-form equations, their outputs are compared to those of the available numerical method solutions. The effects of the Winkler parameter, the Pasternak parameter and the nonlocal parameter on bending, buckling, and vibration characteristics of nanobeams have been explained. Presented analytical expressions and graphical representations demonstrate how increasing Winkler and Pasternak parameters reduce bending displacements while raising the critical buckling load and the natural frequency of nonlocal nanobeams. Benchmark numerical results are also presented to investigate and discuss the effects of all parameters on bending deflections, buckling loads, and natural frequencies of nanobeams.
Application of Color Doppler Ultrasound Combined with Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Placenta Accreta
Authors: Sun Xue , Ren Runrun , Yu Xiaoqian , Peng Fang , Gao Xia
Published: July 2022

In order to improve the diagnostic value of color Doppler ultrasonography in placenta accreta and make the diagnosis more accurate, a method to detect placenta accreta by combining color Doppler ultrasonography and magnetic resonance is proposed. The patients with placenta accreta were selected for color Doppler ultrasonography and MRI examination. Kappa test was used to analyze the consistency between the results of ultrasound and MRI examination alone and combined diagnosis and pathological examination results, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was drawn. Price compliance, sensitivity, specificity, good estimate rate, negative bid success rate, and Youden index were chosen as the basis for measuring the value of our tests. The results showed that the Kappa combined test rate was 0.609, the equivalent efficiency was 80.90%, and the correlation was good; ROC curve analysis showed that the sensitivity and specificity of articular placenta accreta were 91.75% and 89.26%. The sensitivity, uniqueness, good estimate, negative predictive value, and Youden index of color Doppler ultrasound combined with magnetic resonance imaging>magnetic resonance imaging>color Doppler ultrasound in our laboratory were compared, and the difference was significant (P<0.05). The experimental results show that color Doppler ultrasound and MRI are effective in the diagnosis of placenta accreta, and each has advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, it has been improved in the diagnosis of placenta accreta, is helpful for the diagnosis of placenta accreta, and is suitable for popularization and use.
Bacillus spp. Fermented Plant Protein Mix as a Potential Fishmeal Substitute in the Diet of Penaeus monodon: Emphasis on Nitrogen Metabolism
Authors: Rajaram Vanjiappan , Jannathulla Rajabdeen , Rajendran Rengasamy , Ambasankar Kondusamy , Panigrahi Akshaya , Dayal Jagabattula Syama
Published: July 2022

A feeding experiment (60 days) was conducted to evaluate the effect of Bacillus spp. fermented plant protein mix in Penaeus monodon. A control diet (CNT) contains 25% fishmeal, of which 50% was substituted (w/w) with Bacillus spp. fermented plant protein mix at two different concentrations of 0.25 and 0.50% (PP-0.25 and PP-0.50, respectively), while the diet prepared with untreated ingredients served as a negative control (PP-0). The daily growth coefficient (DGC) did not differ in the groups fed CNT, PP-0.25, and PP-0.50 diets. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was low in the CNT and PP-0.50 diets, while (protein efficiency ratio (PER) and apparent protein utilization (APU) were high in the PP-0.50-fed group. The dietary change did not affect survival and whole-body composition, while free amino acids varied among the treatments. Increased nitrogen intake and oxygen consumption were observed in subadults fed with CNT diet. Increasing Bacillus spp. concentrations significantly lowered ammonia-N excretion by 2.09-11.69%. Regression analysis revealed higher coefficients for oxygen consumption (

R

2

=
0.8625

) and O : N ratio (

R

2

=
0.7791

), while it was 0.5894 for ammonia-N excretion. The dietary change significantly influenced hemolymph indices and chitinase, glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), and arginase activity. Results conclude that Bacillus spp. fermented plant protein mix could be a viable fishmeal substitute in shrimp feed.
Experimental Studies on Fabrication and Thermal Characterization of Shape Memory Polymer Composites with Nanofillers
Authors: Alshgari Razan A. , Wabaidur Saikh Mohammad , Parthasarathy Mohanavel Vinayagam , Prasad D. V. S. S. S. V. , Sharun V. , De Poures Melvin Victor , Subbiah Ram , Ataul M. I. , Tesemma Belachew Girma
Published: July 2022

Shape memory polymers (SMP) have piqued the interest of the research and development sector due to their new features and immense potential. The polymer matrix epoxy was changed using varied weight percentages of aliphatic monomer‐neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether (NGDE), and the optimal weight percentage of NGDE was identified. The weight percentages of NGDE‐CNT are 0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, and 1.5. The use of nanofillers such as carbon nanotubes (CNT) has been promoted to improve the heat conductivity of composites. The thermal conductivity of shape memory polymers has been enhanced through the addition of varying quantities of CNT filler. Mechanical characterizations such as tensile testing, Young’s modulus, impact strength, and heat related tests such as form recovery testing, shape fixity, and recovery time were also investigated. From the investigational outcomes, optimal weight percentage of NGDE loading into epoxy is 15%, and maximum tensile strength attains at 1.2 wt. percent of CNT.
Pressure Performance Analysis of Inclined Well under Multiple-Well Interference in Offshore Heavy Oil Reservoir
Authors: Ma Kuiqian , Wang Gongchang , Gao Yue , Wang Meinan , Liu Jianguo
Published: July 2022

Offshore heavy oil reservoirs are developed mainly by inclined wells, and the well distance has been constantly reduced after several well network adjustments. The well test data are often interfered by adjacent wells, resulting in unsatisfactory well test interpretation results, so it is necessary to conduct studies on the multiwell interference well test problem for inclined wells. In this paper, the threshold pressure gradient of heavy oil and the stress sensitive to permeability are considered comprehensively, and a well test model of inclined wells in dual-media reservoirs under multiwell interference is established. The analytical solution in Laplace space is obtained by using Green function and superposition principle. The results show that the typical pressure dynamic curve can be divided into 12 flow regions, and the pressure derivative curve of the central inclined well is upturned and forms multiple “platforms” under the interference of adjacent wells; the adjacent well interference will aggravate the upward of pressure derivative curve; a critical well inclination angle of the inclined well is 40°. When the well inclination angle is greater than 40°, vertical radial flow similar to horizontal wells will appear. The new model is well matched and interpreted in the application of BZ oil field in Bohai Bay, which provides theoretical guidance for multiwell interference test wells in the similar reservoir.
Secure Downlink Transmission in Cell-Free Massive MIMO System Enhanced by Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces
Authors: Hu Huazhi , Xie Wei , Xu Kui , Xia Xiaochen , Wang Meng , Liu Shengwei , Li Na
Published: July 2022

This paper presents the application of intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) in a cell-free massive MIMO network to enhance secure transmission in the system. Multiantenna access points (APs) need to transmit information to users safely and reliably via IRSs without fully knowing the channel state information (CSI) of a multiantenna eavesdropper (Eve) or the accurate beamforming information of a jammer. Specifically, through joint optimization of the AP active beamforming (ABF) and IRS passive beamforming (PBF), the information leaked to the Eve is limited by a set threshold, and restrictions on the IRS reflection phase are considered to maximize the weighted sum rate of the system’s downlink transmission. To solve this multivariate-coupled nonconvex problem, we propose a joint precoding framework under imperfect CSI, using the generalized S-procedure, fractional programming (FP), and multidimensional complex quadratic transformation (MCQT) to transform the original complex nonconvex problem into an easily solvable convex optimization problem, and an alternating algorithm to obtain the optimal solution for precoding and IRS phase shifting. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can significantly increase the weighted sum rate of the system compared to conventional antijamming methods while revealing that the scheme is effective in enhancing secure system transmission.
An Empirical Study on the Influence of Art Industry Development on the Quality of China’s Economic Growth
Authors: Liu Dongcheng , Li Haifeng
Published: July 2022

Cultural industry is recognized as “sunrise industry of the century” or “gold industry,” and art, the most original and contagious form of expression in larger culture, has clearly become a leader in the rapid expansion of the cultural industry, with an unequalled affinity for other components of culture, such as religion and education. The subject of this study is empirical research on the impact of the art industry’s development on the quality of China’s economic growth. This study firstly combines the characteristics of cultural industry with the research framework of the quality of economic growth and theoretically analyzes how the development of cultural industry may affect the quality of economic growth from many different dimensions. The influence of cultural industry development on the quality of economic growth is then tested using the fixed effect and random effect models. Through the basic result analysis, robustness test, endogenous treatment, mechanism analysis, and other parts, the empirical test of the development of the art industry on the quality of economic growth, the research results show that the development of the art industry contributes to the improvement of the quality of economic growth.
Influence Effect of Internet on the Optimization of China’s International Trade Structure Based on Gravity Model
Authors: Zhang Yan
Published: July 2022

The scale and competitiveness of foreign trade are not only an important reflection of a country’s economic strength, status, and influence in the international economy, but also a basic indicator to measure a trading power. At the moment, information technology, embodied by the Internet, is steadily altering the old method of international trade. This research investigates the impact of the Internet on China’s international trade, based on a comprehensive review of the relevant literature. This study firstly analyzes the mechanism of network’s influence on international trade structure and focuses on the influence of network on trade participants and trade services. Then, based on the gravity model, the empirical process of network’s influence on international trade structure is analyzed, and the empirical research is carried out through variable analysis, stationarity and cointegration test, and pulse corresponding analysis. This paper concludes that the development of the Internet has a certain role in encouraging service commerce in China, based on an empirical analysis of the relationship between the Internet and service trade in China.
Dancer Tracking Algorithm in Ethnic Areas Based on Multifeature Fusion Neural Network
Authors: Shi Yuzhu
Published: July 2022

Due to the complex posture changes in dance movements, accurate detection and tracking of human targets are carried out in order to improve the guidance ability of dancers in ethnic areas. A multifeature fusion-based tracking algorithm for dancers in ethnic areas is proposed. The edge contour model of video images of dancers in ethnic areas is detected, and the video tracking scanning imaging model of dancers in ethnic areas is constructed. The video images of dancers in ethnic areas are enhanced based on the initial contour distribution, and a visual perception model of dancers tracking images in ethnic areas is established. To improve the algorithm’s estimation of complex poses and finally complete the dance movement recognition, a feature pyramid network is used to extract the features of dance movements, and then, a multifeature fusion module is used to fuse multiple features. The tracking algorithm proposed in this paper has higher robustness than other algorithms and effectively reduces the error samples generated during the tracking process, thus improving the accuracy of long-term tracking.
Development of Artificial Intelligence Methods for Determination of Methane Solubility in Aqueous Systems
Authors: Zhao Yi , Li Yinsen , Li Zhimin , Pang Yanping , Han Linbo , Zhang Hao , Yu Li , Alruyemi Issam
Published: July 2022

Accurate determinations of water (H2O) content in natural gases especially in the methane (CH4) phase are highly important for chemical engineers dealing with natural gas processes. To this end, development of a high performance model is necessary. Due to importance of the solubility of methane in the aqueous solutions for natural gas industries, two novel models based on the Decision Tree (DT) and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Interference System (ANFIS) have been employed. To this end, a total number of 204 real methane solubility points in aqueous solution containing NaCl under different pressure and temperature conditions have been gathered. The comparisons between predicted solubility values and experimental data points have been conducted in visual and mathematical approaches. The R2 values of 1 for training and testing phases express the great ability of proposed models in calculation of methane solubility in pure water systems.
Precision Marketing and Brand Communication Model Using Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Xue Tianqiao , Hu Qingchun
Published: July 2022

In order to deeply study the macroenvironment, current situation, and the core elements affecting the operation of the product brand system, this paper further improves the product brand communication system from the perspective of precision marketing. Taking JR company’s big cake products as the research object, this study proposes an accurate positioning optimization algorithm based on particle swarm optimization algorithm. Through the experiment of increasing the number of nodes of different algorithms, it is found that the average positioning error will decrease with the increase of the number of nodes under different algorithms. Compared with WSSPCO positioning algorithm, the average error of PSO positioning algorithm is reduced by about 30% due to the number of nodes, and the impact of node density on positioning accuracy is also reduced by about 40%. This algorithm can better achieve accurate positioning. Therefore, it is concluded that product brand communication based on precision marketing should pay attention to accurate positioning, further integrate brand communication channels, and build personalized communication channels.
Analysis of the Application Value of Different Esophagography Techniques in the Diagnosis of H-Type Tracheoesophageal Fistula in Neonates
Authors: Deng Kewei , Luo Liqian
Published: July 2022

Objective. The study aimed to analyse the detection rates of the triple-lumen double-balloon catheter technique and conventional esophagography in diagnosing H-type tracheoesophageal fistula (H-TEF) in neonates. Methods. The data of 8 neonates diagnosed with H-TEF by surgery in the researchers’ hospital between January 2015 and January 2022 were collected. We compared the detection (true positive) rates of H-TEF by the triple-lumen double-balloon catheter technique, conventional esophagography, and multidetector row spiral CT. Results. Before surgery, conventional esophagography was applied in all 8 cases, of which the H-TEF diagnosis was confirmed in 5 cases and TEF was suspected in 3 cases. The triple-lumen double-balloon catheter technique was employed in 5 cases, of which 4 were confirmed with H-TEF and 1 was suspected with TEF. Multidetector row spiral CT was performed in 4 cases, and 1 case was confirmed with H-TEF, while no fistula was observed in the other 3 cases. The triple-lumen double-balloon catheter technique yielded a 100% detection rate, while conventional esophagography revealed a 62.5% rate and multidetector row spiral CT showed a 25% rate. By comparative analysis, the true positive rates (TPRs) of the triple-lumen double-balloon catheter technique and conventional esophagography were not significantly different (

P
=
0.118

). No significant differences were recorded in TPRs between conventional esophagography and multidetector row spiral CT (

P
=
0.221

). However, the triple-lumen double-balloon catheter technique had a significantly higher TPR than multidetector row spiral CT (

P
=
0.118

). Conclusion. To diagnose congenital H-TEF in neonates, conventional esophagography is a highly valuable yet inconsistently reliable method and the diagnostic value of CT is relatively limited. The triple-lumen double-balloon catheter technique boasts a significantly valuable application for H-TEF diagnosis. Being simple, economical, and effective, it barely requires state-of-the-art facilities, and no complications have occurred during its clinical practice. These advantages justify a possible wider application of the triple-lumen double-balloon catheter technique in clinical practice.