bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A novel antimicrobial composite: ZnAl-hydrotalcite with p-hydroxybenzoic acid intercalation and its possible application as a food packaging material
Authors: Cheng Hui-Min , Gao Xue-Wei , Zhang Kang , Wang Xin-Rui , Zhou Wei , Li Shu-Jing , Cao Xue-Li , Yan Dong-Peng
Published: November 2019

p-Hydroxybenzoic acid was intercalated into LDHs (Zn/Al ratio = 4 : 1). The former possesses anti-fungal activity and the latter shows the best antibacterial effect.
A 2D mesoporous photocatalyst constructed by the modification of biochar on BiOCl ultrathin nanosheets for enhancing the TC-HCl degradation activity
Authors: Yan Yan , Tang Xu , Ma Changchang , Huang Hai , Yu Kesheng , Liu Yang , Lu Ziyang , Li Chunxiang , Zhu Zhi , Huo Pengwei
Published: November 2019

The possible separation and transfer of charge carriers in the 15C/BiOCl materials over the TC-HCl degradation process.
Preparation of metallosupramolecular single-chain polymeric nanoparticles and their characterization by Taylor dispersion
Authors: Neumann Laura N. , Urban Dominic A. , Lemal Philipp , Ramani Sushila , Petri-Fink Alke , Balog Sandor , Weder Christoph , Schrettl Stephen
Published: November 2019

Polymers with pendant ligands furnish single-chain polymeric nanoparticles upon intramolecular metal–ligand complex formation with different metal-ions and Taylor dispersion analysis is employed to reliably characterize the dispersed particles.
Retracted Article: Long non-coding RNA TUG1 alleviates high glucose induced podocyte inflammation, fibrosis and apoptosis in diabetic nephropathy via targeting the miR-27a-3p/E2F3 axis
Authors: Li Yang , Huang Denggao , Zheng Linlin , Cao Hui , Gao Yuanhui , Yang Yongmei , Fan Zhongcheng
Published: November 2019

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in developed countries.
Preparation of a porous superhydrophobic foam from waste plastic and its application for oil spill cleanup
Authors: Yu Chuanming , Lin Wenyu , Jiang Jine , Jing Zhanxin , Hong Pengzhi , Li Yong
Published: November 2019

In this paper, waste polystyrene (PS) plastic was used to fabricate alveolate PS foam via a high internal phase Pickering emulsion (HIPPE) which was stabilized by Span 80 and silica particle as a co-Pickering emulsifier in one-step progress.
In-plane rotation and transition from rectification to bipolar resistive switching in ZnO/SrTiO3:Nb heterojunctions by substrate pretreatment
Authors: Zhang Ying , Li Jiachen , Yin Yanfeng , Zhang Weifeng , Jia Caihong
Published: November 2019

The growth behavior and electrical transport properties of ZnO films was found to be strongly dependent on the deionized water soaking treatment of 0.7 wt% (111) SrTiO3:Nb substrates.
Temperature modulation of defects in NH2-UiO-66(Zr) for photocatalytic CO2 reduction
Authors: Fu Yanghe , Wu Jieyu , Du Rongfei , Guo Ke , Ma Rui , Zhang Fumin , Zhu Weidong , Fan Maohong
Published: November 2019

NH2-UiO-66(Zr) materials with structural defects, prepared by simply controlling the synthesis temperature, exhibit significantly enhanced activities in photocatalytic CO2 reduction.
Three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide aerogel stabilizes molybdenum trioxide with enhanced photocatalytic activity for dye degradation
Authors: Wu Ting , Zhang Bo , Wu Zhimin , Zhang Jinglin , Liu Huidi , Yu Shaobin , Huang Zhihao , Cai Xiang
Published: November 2019

By using three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide (rGO) aerogel as a carrier for molybdenum trioxide (MoO3), a series of rGO-MoO3 aerogels were synthesized by a self-assembly process.
Modulating cardiomyocyte and fibroblast interaction using layer-by-layer deposition facilitates synchronisation of cardiac macro tissues
Authors: Jang Yongjun , Choi Seung-Cheol , Lim Do-Sun , Kim Jong-Hoon , Kim Jongseong , Park Yongdoo
Published: November 2019

Maturation and synchronisation of heart cells, including cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts, are essential to develop functional biomimetic cardiac tissues for regenerative medicine and drug discovery.
Unexpected entanglement dynamics in semidilute blends of supercoiled and ring DNA
Authors: Peddireddy Karthik R. , Lee Megan , Zhou Yuecheng , Adalbert Serenity , Anderson Sylas , Schroeder Charles M. , Robertson-Anderson Rae M.
Published: November 2019

Semidilute blends of supercoiled and ring DNA exhibit surprising entanglement dynamics both in linear and nonlinear regimes.
Swimming of bacterium Bacillus subtilis with multiple bundles of flagella
Authors: Najafi Javad , Altegoer Florian , Bange Gert , Wagner Christian
Published: November 2019

We characterize the multiple bundle properties and swimming of three different strains of B. subtilis bacteria with various numbers of flagella.
A bio-inspired cilia array as the dielectric layer for flexible capacitive pressure sensors with high sensitivity and a broad detection range
Authors: Zhou Qian , Ji Bing , Wei Yuzhang , Hu Bin , Gao Yibo , Xu Qingsong , Zhou Jun , Zhou Bingpu
Published: November 2019

A cilia array via a magnetic field was proposed as the dielectric layer for flexible capacitive sensors with high sensitivity and a broad detection range.
An NIR-responsive mesoporous silica nanosystem for synergetic photothermal-immunoenhancement therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yang Han , Liu Hong-sheng , Hou Wen , Gao Jun-xiao , Duan Yue , Wei Daohe , Gong Xiao-qun , Wang Han-jie , Wu Xiao-li , Chang Jin
Published: November 2019

A multifunctional nanosystem that utilizes indocyanine green (ICG) and sorafenib (S) co-loaded mesoporous silica for superior imaging and synergetic PTT/immuno-enhanced therapy, providing an advanced theranostic strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma.
Fabrication of lightweight and flexible silicon rubber foams with ultra-efficient electromagnetic interference shielding and adjustable low reflectivity
Authors: Yang Jianming , Liao Xia , Wang Gui , Chen Jia , Tang Wanyu , Wang Tengfei , Li Guangxian
Published: November 2019

Lightweight and efficient electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding composites are of great significance for the development of next generation communication technology, wearable equipment and high-power electronic equipment.
Hourly load shifting approach for demand side management in smart grid using grasshopper optimisation algorithm
Authors: Jamil Majid , Mittal Sonam
Published: November 2019

In this new era of communication, the advent of the smart grid has revolutionised the power system network. The goal of smart grids is to provide a more reliable, environment‐friendly and economically efficient power system. Demand side management or demand side response is one of the key components of the smart grid which accomplishes the smart grid that would provide intelligence to the traditional grid. Here, a new approach has been proposed for the demand side management, which is based on shifting a load from peak to off‐peak time. The main objective of the work is to reduce the peak hour demand and the utility bill of the consumers. To achieve these objectives, the proposed strategy is modelled as a minimised optimisation problem and it tries to find out the optimal solution. For that, two optimisation algorithms, the first one is particle swarm optimisation algorithm and the second one is grasshopper optimisation algorithm, are proposed and applied in three area loads of the smart grid, i.e. residential, commercial and industrial. The obtained simulation results show a significant reduction in peak hour demand and utility bills.
Advance on delivery nanocarriers of piperine: nanoparticles
Authors: Lingli Qin
Published: November 2019

Piperine is a kind of natural functional active components with spicy flavor and varies pharmacology effects. It has wide application in the food and medicine industries. However, the solubility of piperine is low, and it was easy to be transformed or degraded during the conditions of acid, alkali, light, heat and oxygen which lead to the vanish of its function. In order to enhance the stability of piperine, the nanotechnology was utilized to fabricate the delivery carrier of piperine. In this paper, the latest research progress of piperine nanoparticles was reviewed by summarizing domestic and foreign literature. The characteristics, preparation methods, preparation materials and stability of nanoparticle delivery carriers were systematically discussed. Finally, the present problems and future development of piperine delivery carrier were analyzed and forecasted in order to provide a reference for profound process and study of piperine.
Advances on antioxidants in research and applications
Authors: Song Ruirui , Wu Qi , Zhao Lin , Yun Zhenyu
Published: November 2019

Antioxidants play a significant role in the prevention and treatment of numerous chronic diseases as they prevent oxidative stress and maintain reduction-oxidation (redox) equilibrium in the human body by eliminating reactive free radicals effectively. This study focused on the types and applications of antioxidants and discussed the existing problems with regard to the practical applications of antioxidants. Also, it presented a review of the latest research on antioxidants in China and abroad and performed a comprehensive, objective analysis of relevant research on antioxidants.
Effects of wind farm on surface soil in desert steppe, China
Authors: Chen Long , Ma Songyao , Shang Liping , Ding Aijun , Teng Zeyu
Published: November 2019

In recent years, the wind farm has developed rapidly in northern China. However, the construction and operation of wind farm directly or indirectly result in the change of soil structure, thus affecting the regional ecological environment. According to the characteristics of wind turbine engineering, the disturbance area of wind farm can be divided into the core disturbed zone, the secondary disturbed zone and the indirect disturbed zone. A field study was conducted to investigate the physical and chemical properties of surface soil in different disturbed zones. The results show that: (1) soil compaction, soil bulk density and soil salinity of the surface soil are sensitive to wind farm disturbance; compared with the undisturbed zone, there are still significant differences between the core disturbed zone and the secondary disturbed zone; (2) after nearly 10 years of natural recovery, apart from the phosphorus element, there are little differences of surface soil nutrients in different disturbed zones; (3) the impact of wind farm on surface soil will be gradually eliminated over time, but continuous and frequent disturbances caused by engineering maintenance during its operation should be avoided if possible.
Research on rapid mapping technology in the field of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) aerial survey
Authors: Du Wenjia , Chen Fengchen , Tang Ke , Cheng Lan , Jiao Huanjing
Published: November 2019

Through the development of computer image processing technology and UAV technology, after installing high-definition cameras on UAVs and taking high-resolution images, the technology of directly generating DOM images in the surveyed areas using software has been well-developed. However, under the emergency conditions such as dealing with disasters, the long-term processing time required for aerial surveys of UAVs has become a major efficiency constraint to surveying and mapping. This paper focuses on the rapid mapping and mosaicking of survey images from unmanned aerial vehicles under emergency conditions, and elaborates current research status, difficulties and resolvents of the rapid mapping of existing UAVs.
Progress Preservation Techniques Loquat Harvest
Authors: Ma Qianqian , Peng Wanyun , Wang Zhide , Xie Zhengwei , Sun Yexing
Published: November 2019

This paper describes the major physiological changes after the loquat harvest, and the most recent year delay on postharvest technologies and principles to reduce postharvest loquat fruit quality made elaborate.
Induction of Adventitious buds from stem explants inAoectochilus formosanus
Authors: Xue Yingbin , Xiao Fengyi , Li Xiaohao , Chen Huamei , Rao Gangshun , Liu Ying
Published: November 2019

In order to explore the optimal culture conditions for adventitious bud regeneration of stem explants inAoectochilus formosanus, the stem segments from the sterile seedlings were used as explants, and different concentrations of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DA-6), kinetin (KT), Cu2+and glutamine (Gln) were separately added into MS medium containing 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and the induction rate and the induction multiple of adventitious buds were recorded and analyzed. The results showed that the regeneration of adventitious buds could be promoted, when 2 mg/L DA-6, 0.4 mg/L KT and 15 mg/L Gln were added in mediums. However, the effect of Cu2+on the regeneration of adventitious buds inA. formosanuswas enhanced by low concentration and suppressed by high concentration, and the best concentration of Cu2+was 5 mg/L.
Cornell potential for anisotropic QGP with non-zero chemical potential
Authors: Aref’eva Irina , Rannu Kristina , Slepov Pavel
Published: November 2019

In this work we consider holographical reproduction of Cornell potential for hot and dense anisotropic quark-qluon plasma. We concentrate on the string tension gived by linear term of the Cornell potential.
Carbon Neutral Aviation
Authors: Terwel Rob , Kerkhoven John , Saris Frans W.
Published: November 2019

The aviation industry can become carbon neutral by CO2 recycling into synthetic kerosene using renewable energy. As an example we take CO2 emissions from Tata Steel in the Netherlands as well as Schiphol Airport’s kerosene consumption.
Integrated production inventory model with variable production rate on quality of products involving probabilistic defective under variable setup cost
Authors: Hemapriya S. , Uthayakumar R.
Published: November 2019

A predetermined production rate in a supply chain model with economic production lot size is quite appropriate for this type of situations as production rate can be changed in some cases to fulfill demand of customers. This paper investigates an integrated production inventory model with variable production rate on quality of products involving probabilistic defective under variable setup cost. As a rate of production has a direct impact on system performance, the production rate is considered as a variable along with the production cost. This production process gone through a long run system as a result after some specific time the production gone out-of-control state due to different issues and produced defective items. In addition, we consider that the defective follows three types of probability distribution function such as, (i) uniform, (ii) triangular and (iii) beta distributions. Two types of lead time crashed concept considering in this model and also we consider three types of continuous probabilistic defective function to find the associated cost of the system. The main objective is to find an optimal solution for an order quantity, safety factor, production cost, setup cost and to analyze how the flexibility of the production rate affects the process quality. An efficient iterative algorithm is designed to obtain the optimal solution of the model numerically and sensitivity analysis table formulate to show the impact of different parameter.
Optimizing batch-processing operations with batch-position-based learning effects
Authors: Tai Leilei
Published: November 2019

Motivated by applications in porcelain-making companies, we consider a type of optimization problems for batch-processing operations. In production, a single batch-processing machine with a fixed capacity is used to process jobs. Several jobs can be processed together if their total size is no more than the machine capacity. Batch-position-based learning effects are considered because workers become skillful gradually after they perform the processing task repeatedly. The actual processing time of a batch is a decreasing function of its position in production. The objective is to minimize makespan and we consider three different problems. In the first problem, jobs have identical sizes and we present an algorithm which can find optimal solutions in polynomial time. In the second problem, jobs have identical processing times and we show the problem is NP-hard in the strong sense. We propose an approximation algorithm with an absolute performance guarantee of 1.5 and asymptotic performance guarantee of 1.223. In the third problem, jobs have non-identical sizes and processing times simultaneously. We propose an algorithm with an absolute and asymptotic performance guarantee of 2. Besides, we present the evolution of the performance guarantee and provide managerial insights for decision makers of manufacturing companies.
Innocent Children in the Syrian Civil War
Authors: Çelikkaya Mehmet Emin , Atıcı Ahmet , EL Çigdem , Akçora Bülent
Published: November 2019

Introduction Our aim is to present the clinical and surgical characteristics of the children affected by the Syrian civil war.

Materials and Methods Medical records were reviewed retrospectively for Syrian war victims between the ages of 0 and 18 who were brought to the emergency department of the Education and Research Hospital between March 2011 and March 2019. Each patient was evaluated with respect to demographic data (gender, age), type of injury, history of operations in Syria, injured organ(s), accompanying traumas and the mortality and trauma score.

Results The majority of our study population of 147 patients were male (108/147, 73.46%), and 39 of the total were girls (26.53%). The mean age of the patients was 9 (7.5 ± 4). The mean age of the girls was 8.5 (range: 7 months to 16 years), and the mean age of the boys was 9.2 (4 months to 17 years). Seventeen patients who had abdominal surgery in Syria were operated on again after clinical and radiological observations. A total of 83 patients were operated on in Turkey. For 66 of those patients, the operation in Turkey was their first surgery on their war injuries. Seventeen patients were operated on in Syria but needed surgery again in Turkey.

Conclusion War affects not only the battlefield, but also the neighboring countries in many aspects such as medical, social, and economic. Hollow organ injuries are the most common intraabdominal pathologies. Delayed intervention is associated with increase mortality and morbidity.
Technique for inferring angle change as a function of time for high-current electron beams using a dose-rate monitor array
Authors: Renk T. J. , Weber B. V. , Rittersdorf I. M. , Webb T. J.
Published: November 2019

Intense electron beams striking a high-atomic number target produce high-output pulsed photon fluxes for flash x-ray experiments. Without an external guide field, such beams are subject to the dynamics of high-current electron beam propagation, including changes to electron trajectories either from self-fields or from development of beam instabilities. The bremsstrahlung output (dose-rate) scales approximately as IVx, where I is the beam current, V the electron energy, and x is in the range 2.0–2.65 and depends upon the electron angle on the converter. Using experimental beam data (dose-rate, I and V), this equation can be solved for x, a process known as “inverting the radiographer’s equation.” Inversion methods that rely on thermoluminescent dosimeters, which are time-integrated, yield no information about evolution of the electron beam angle in time. We propose here an inversion method that uses several dose-rate monitors at different angles with respect to the beam axis. By measuring dose-rates at different angles, one can infer the time-dependent beam voltage and angle. This method compares well with estimates of corrected voltage and results in a self-consistent picture of beam dynamics. Techniques are demonstrated using data from self-magnetic pinch experiments at the RITS-6 facility at Sandia National Laboratories.
Mechanical segregation and capturing of clonal circulating plasma cells in multiple myeloma using micropillar-integrated microfluidic device
Authors: Ouyang Dongfang , Li Yonghua , He Wenqi , Lin Weicong , Hu Lina , Wang Chen , Xu Liangcheng , Park Jaewon , You Lidan
Published: November 2019

Multiple myeloma (MM), the disorder of plasma cells, is the second most common type of hematological cancer and is responsible for approximately 20% of deaths from hematological malignancies. The current gold standard for MM diagnosis includes invasive bone marrow aspiration. However, it lacks the sensitivity to detect minimal residual disease, and the nonuniform distribution of clonal plasma cells (CPCs) within bone marrow also often results in inaccurate reporting. Serum and urine assessment of monoclonal proteins, such as Kappa light chains, is another commonly used approach for MM diagnosis. Although it is noninvasive, the level of paraprotein elevation is still too low for detecting minimal residual disease and nonsecretive MM. Circulating CPCs (cCPCs) have been reported to be present in the peripheral blood of MM patients, and high levels of cCPCs were shown to correlate with poor survival. This suggests a potential noninvasive approach for MM disease progress monitoring and prognosis. In this study, we developed a mechanical property-based microfluidic platform to capture cCPCs. Using human myeloma cancer cell lines spiked in healthy donor blood, the microfluidic platform demonstrates high enrichment ratio (>500) and sufficient capture efficiency (40%–55%). Patient samples were also assessed to investigate the diagnostic potential of cCPCs for MM by correlating with the levels of Kappa light chains in patients.
Enhance stable coupling region of a high-Q WGM up to micrometer
Authors: Chang Pengfa , Cao Botao , Gao Feng , Huang Ligang , Zhang Wending , Bo Fang , Yu Xuanyi , Zhang Guoquan , Xu Jingjun
Published: November 2019

A configuration to obtain the quasicritical coupling state with an enhanced stable coupling region was proposed and demonstrated experimentally by coupling two perpendicular vector modes in tapered fiber with the whispering gallery mode (WGM) in a microresonator. The observed stable coupling region of the high-Q WGM could be up to 1 μm with reliable polarization stability. This work makes it possible to apply direct laser writing and photolithography to prepare controllable coupling for on-chip ultrahigh-Q WGM microcavities and could also improve the stability of packaged WGM structures, which will be beneficial for WGM-based applications such as narrow-linewidth lasers and configurable microwave photonics.
Effect of the magnetic field on the ferrofluid flow in a curved cylindrical annular duct
Authors: Vafeas Panayiotis , Bakalis Panteleimon , Papadopoulos Polycarpos K.
Published: November 2019

The laminar fully developed ferrofluid flow of an otherwise magnetic fluid into a curved annular duct of circular cross section, subjected to a transverse external magnetic field, is studied in the present work. The specific geometry is chosen as it is encountered in heat exchangers and mixers where compactness is a priority. Results are obtained for different values of curvature, field strength, and particles’ volumetric concentration. A computational algorithm is used which couples the continuity, Navier Stokes, and magnetization equations using a nonuniform grid. The velocity–pressure coupling is achieved using the so-called continuity-vorticity-pressure variational equation method, adapted to the toroidal-poloidal coordinate system. The results confirm the ability of the method to produce accurate results in curvilinear coordinates and stretched grids, which is important for the standardization of the method’s application to generalized coordinate systems. Concerning the micropolar flow characteristics, the results reveal the effect of the magnetic field on the ferrofluid flow. It is shown that the axial velocity distribution is highly affected by the field strength and the volumetric concentration, that the axial pressure drop depends almost linearly on the field strength, and that a secondary flow is generated due to the combined effect of the external magnetic field and the curvature. The present analysis provides important insight into the effect of the three main parameters, revealing cases where a straight annular pipe might be preferable to a curved one and specific parts of the pipe that could be susceptible to enhanced loads, giving information that is crucial for design optimization.
The control of thermal conductivity through coherent and incoherent phonon scattering in 2-dimensional phononic crystals by incorporating elements of self-similarity
Authors: Banerjee D. , Vizuete O. , Ranjan H. , Pal S. , Zhang Z.-B.
Published: November 2019

In this letter, we report the theoretical study on phonon transport in monocrystalline silicon thin-films having unfilled or metal-filled circular holes (i.e., phononic crystals, PnCs) and show that the thermal conductivity, κ, at 1 K can be maximally reduced by using a multiscale structure, which allows us control over the porosity of the structure. The circular scatterers are placed in the square (SQ) and hexagonal (HX) pattern with a fixed 100 nm interhole spacing, and the pit diameter is varied between 10 and 90 nm. Each of the corresponding silicon PnCs shows reduced κ compared to the unpatterned film. The SQ-PnC having tungsten-filled pits shows the greatest reduction in κ when we consider only the effects of coherent scattering. Furthermore, we have computed κ for the PnC where the unit cell, of 100 nm and 500 nm sizes, comprises the Sierpinski gasket (SG) with circular holes of different diameters (depending on the fractal order) in the same cell. It is observed that the κ for the 2nd (100 nm cell) and 3rd order (500 nm cell) SG-PnC is comparable to the SQ- and HX-PnC with a pit diameter of 90 nm. When we add the effect of the diffuse boundary scattering in κ, there is a lowering in κ compared to that when only the coherent effects are considered. The additional κ-reduction due to boundary scattering for the SQ-PnC and HX-PnC (both with 90 nm diam) as well as the 2nd and 3rd order SG-PnCs is 47%, 40%, 80%, and 60%, respectively.
Triple differential cross-section measurements for electron-impact ionization of methane from a coplanar geometry to the perpendicular plane
Authors: Harvey Matthew , Sakaamini Ahmad , Patel Manish , Amami Sadek , Madison Don , Murray Andrew James
Published: November 2019

A new study of electron-impact single ionization of the HOMO 1t2 state of CH4 has been conducted at incident electron energies 20 eV and 40 eV above the ionization energy of the state. Triple differential cross sections were measured from a coplanar symmetric geometry, where scattered and ionized electrons were detected at equal angles, through to the perpendicular geometry where the outgoing electrons emerged orthogonal to the incident electron beam. At the lower energy, the electrons were detected with equal energies of 10 eV, whereas at the higher energy, data were obtained for equal energies of 20 eV and for unequal energies of 5 eV and 35 eV. The results are compared to a molecular 3-body distorted wave approximation that used a full averaging procedure to allow for the random orientation of the target, an orientation averaged molecular orbital model that averages the target wavefunction over all orientations prior to the collision, and a distorted wave Born approximation that does not include postcollisional interactions.
Enhanced ductility of III-V covalent semiconductors from electrons and holes
Authors: Shen Yidi , Wang Hongwei , An Qi
Published: November 2019

Covalent semiconductors exhibit low ductility arising from the resistance of the strong chemical bonds to deformation slip. It is important to soften these strong covalent bonds to improve the ductility of covalent semiconductors for their extended engineering applications. Here, we demonstrate from quantum mechanics simulations that the free carriers, including electrons and holes, can significantly weaken the strong covalent bonds of III-V covalent semiconductors, resulting in the modified general stacking fault energy surface and enhanced ductility. Furthermore, we establish the relationship between the carrier density and the energy barriers of deformation slip, in which the increased carrier concentration leads to an increased tendency of dislocation nucleation and higher ductility. The physical origin of this phenomenon arises from the contributions of extra carriers to the formation of new weak bonds at stacking fault layers along the slip plane, decreasing the energy barrier of deformation slip. Our results indicate that free electrons and holes play an important role in the mechanical properties of covalent semiconductors at high carrier concentrations. This provides the theoretical foundation to tune the mechanical properties of covalent semiconductors using injected carriers.
On the relation between reorientation and diffusion in glass-forming ionic liquids with micro-heterogeneous structures
Authors: Becher Manuel , Steinrücken Elisa , Vogel Michael
Published: November 2019

We investigate complex structure-dynamics relations in glass-forming ionic liquids comprising 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium cations and bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide anions. In doing so, we exploit the microheterogeneous structures emerging when the alkyl length is increased in the range n = 1–12 and use that 1H and 2H NMR give information about cation dynamics, while 19F NMR reports on anion motions. Furthermore, we combine spin-lattice relaxation analysis, including field-cycling relaxometry, with stimulated-echo experiments to follow reorientation dynamics related to structural relaxation in wide dynamic ranges and we apply static field gradients to probe translational diffusion. The resulting correlation times τ and diffusion coefficients D show Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann temperature dependence. Moreover, they indicate a moderate slowdown of both cation and anion dynamics with increasing alkyl length n. However, the relative diffusivities of the ionic species depend on the cation size, where cations are more mobile for n < 6 and anions for n > 6. Finally, we relate rotational and translational motions in the framework of the Stokes-Einstein-Debye (SED) approach. We find that the SED relation is obeyed for anion dynamics in all samples, while it breaks down for cation dynamics when n is increased. The origin of this SED breakdown is shown to differ fundamentally from that reported previously for conventional glass formers. We argue that an emergence of cation clusters causes a retardation of cation diffusion relative to cation reorientation upon cooling, i.e., the studied ionic liquids show a complex interplay of structural and dynamical properties.
Silicon photoanodes partially covered by Ni@Fe core-shell particles with in situ formed gradient-enhanced junction electric field for photoelectrochemical water oxidation
Authors: Jiang Tong , Li Yang , Yan Shicheng , Zou Zhigang
Published: November 2019

Light harvesting and charge separation-injection efficiency in the photoanode-electrolyte interface region are two important factors for efficient solar energy conversion. Herein, core-shell-structured Ni@Fe nanoparticles were electrodeposited on the surface of an n-type Si photoanode and in situ electrochemically oxidized to Ni@Fe@FeOOH. The dispersed core-shell-structured islands with a gradient-enhanced work function are beneficial for maximizing the light absorption, the charge extraction, and the charge injection. As a result, the n-Si/SiOx/Ni@Fe photoanode exhibited a low oxygen evolution reaction onset potential of 1.02 VRHE, a high saturated current density of 36.7 mA, cm−2, a charge injection efficiency to nearly 100%, and a stable activity for 83 h in K-borate buffer solution with pH = 9 under AM1.5 G simulated sunlight irradiation at 1 sun.
Similarity in transgender and cisgender children’s gender development
Authors: Gülgöz Selin , Glazier Jessica J. , Enright Elizabeth A. , Alonso Daniel J. , Durwood Lily J. , Fast Anne A. , Lowe Riley , Ji Chonghui , Heer Jeffrey , Martin Carol Lynn , Olson Kristina R.
Published: November 2019

Gender is one of the central categories organizing children’s social world. Clear patterns of gender development have been well-documented among cisgender children (i.e., children who identify as a gender that is typically associated with their sex assigned at birth). We present a comprehensive study of gender development (e.g., gender identity and gender expression) in a cohort of 3- to 12-y-old transgender children (n= 317) who, in early childhood, are identifying and living as a gender different from their assigned sex. Four primary findings emerged. First, transgender children strongly identify as members of their current gender group and show gender-typed preferences and behaviors that are strongly associated with their current gender, not the gender typically associated with their sex assigned at birth. Second, transgender children’s gender identity (i.e., the gender they feel they are) and gender-typed preferences generally did not differ from 2 comparison groups: cisgender siblings (n= 189) and cisgender controls (n= 316). Third, transgender and cisgender children’s patterns of gender development showed coherence across measures. Finally, we observed minimal or no differences in gender identity or preferences as a function of how long transgender children had lived as their current gender. Our findings suggest that early sex assignment and parental rearing based on that sex assignment do not always define how a child identifies or expresses gender later.
A ligand-independent origin of abscisic acid perception
Authors: Sun Yufei , Harpazi Ben , Wijerathna-Yapa Akila , Merilo Ebe , de Vries Jan , Michaeli Daphna , Gal Maayan , Cuming Andrew C. , Kollist Hannes , Mosquna Assaf
Published: November 2019

Significance

Synthesis of abscisic acid (ABA) and proteins required for its downstream signaling are ancient and found in aquatic algae, but these primitive plants do not respond to ABA and lack ABA receptors. The present work traces the evolution of ABA as an allosteric regulatory switch. We found that ancient PYRABACTIN RESISTANCE 1’s homolog proteins have constitutive ABA-independent phosphatase-binding activity that, in land plants, has gradually evolved into an ABA-activated receptor. We propose that ABA-mediated fine-tuning of the preexisting signaling cascade was a key evolutionary novelty that aided these plants in their conquest of land.
Pragmatic functions ofI thinkin computer-mediated, cross-cultural communication between Taiwanese and Japanese undergraduate students
Authors: Diaz Maria Angela , Lau Ken , Lin Chia-Yen
Published: November 2019

This study explores the functions ofI thinkin synchronous, computer-mediated cross-cultural communication of Japanese and Taiwanese university students. The data used in this study were collected from the Cross-Cultural Distance Learning corpus, which contains transcriptions of recorded synchronous spoken and written interactions between Taiwanese and Japanese university students. To examine the functions ofI think, occurrences of the phrase were screened, analyzed, and categorized based on collocation pattern, discourse context, and sequentiality. The Taiwanese students showed a greater tendency to use the various functions ofI thinkin discourse than the Japanese students, who rarely used its functions in their online cross-cultural communication. The results suggest that their respective perceived conversation strategies may be a significant cause of variation in the frequency of use ofI thinkfunctions.
Program realization of simulation tools of low-density codecs: effective architecture of a decoder for massive parallel computations on graphic processors
Authors: Bashkirov A V , Pirogov A A , Makarov O Y , Muratov A V , Beletskaya S Y , Glotov V V
Published: November 2019

The article deals with the peculiarities of modeling the characteristics of low-density parity-check codes (LDPC) in terms of their decoding. When decoding low-density parity-check codes in various communication standards, the iterative belief propagation algorithm (BP) and its various modifications - Pearl’s algorithm, sum-of-products algorithm - are widely used. In the article, special attention is given to this algorithm. The BP algorithm is a message-passing algorithm on a graphical model and consists of two basic messaging procedures between the nodes in the Tanner graph for LDPC code. The issues of constructing an effective architecture for an iterative decoder operating on the belief propagation algorithm in a heterogeneous system with massively parallel computing on a graphics processing unit are considered. It is shown that the use of the GPU allows to achieve a significant gain in decoding time with a sufficient size of the test matrix (a sufficient number of code and test nodes), obtained due to the parallelism of the architecture. Expressions for calculation of the size of the “working group” are given. The benefit of using a modified decoder architecture is estimated.
Digital computer protection of railway traction network
Authors: Kuznetsov S M , Pokhomchikova E O , Faizrahmanova E V , Avetisyan K R
Published: November 2019

The article analyzes the existing system of protection of the traction network. Key aspects of its operation were analyzed. Innovative transition to a digital level of protection was described. Recommendations for further improvement based on the results of experimental operation, taking into account the use of monitoring and increasing the level of automation of the traction network feeder control system were provided.
A method of paired zeroing of numbers in a residue system
Authors: Selivanova M V , Tyncherov K T , Ikhsanova F A , Kalmykov I A , Olenev A A
Published: November 2019

The paper studies the problem of determining the lower boundary of number correction speed in computing systems operating in the basis of non-positional arithmetic of residual classes. The topicality of the problem is necessitated by the search of methods allowing reducing the time for digital processing of signals in non-positional neuroprocessors. The study considers several variants of error correction with a single and multiple control bases of the residue system. The calculations were performed that allowed determining the time necessary for zeroing operation. The method of paired zeroing of numbers in a system of residual classes was modified. It was demonstrated that the suggested solutions allow appreciably reducing the time consumption by digital processing of signals in neuroprocessors destined for operations of summation and multiplication.
Numerical simulation of the oil reservoir with regulated disturbances. Oil recovery stability simulation
Authors: Batalov S A , Andreev V E , Lobankov V M , Mukhametshin V Sh
Published: November 2019

The article discusses a direction for improvement of the oil recovery stability simulation method. It is shown that the problem of stable productive layer development is solved by setting appropriate goals. To solve the first task, it is necessary to substantiate RFC plugging in the hard mode. The main calculated ratio is the modified Dupuis-Forchheimer and Bernoulli equations based on linear hydraulic resistances of the RFC. To solve the second task, it is necessary to substantiate the choice of resonant frequencies of the oil recovery process in the elastic water-pressure mode. The dependences allow us to distinguish the upper and lower limiting frequencies of the stable oil displacement mode. The solutions make it possible to isolate main conclusions in a complex form.
Hybrid algorithms of the person identification by face image
Authors: Fazilov Sh Kh , Mirzaev N M , Radjabov S S , Mirzaeva G R
Published: November 2019

In this paper, the problem of constructing hybrid algorithms for identifying a person (IAP) by the image is considered, which is the main one in the development of biometric systems based on them. To solve this problem, we propose a model of algorithms, consisting of the following stages: selection of the area of the face in the image; searching pupils on the face image (FI); determining the location of the mouth and nose; forming a set of geometric features; allocation of subsets of strongly coupled features; the definition of representative features in each subset of strongly related features; interim assessment for the FI class for each set of representative features; estimate for the FI class for all intermediate estimates. A distinctive feature of the proposed hybrid algorithm (HA) is the integration of the results of various methods for determining anthropometric points at the level of calculating the final score for each class of facial images. The main purpose of this paper is to develop an algorithm for integrating various methods of identifying features when IAP on a FI.
Computer modelling of a floor heave in coal mines
Authors: Ilinets A A , Sidorenko A A , Sirenko Y G
Published: November 2019

The paper presents results of numerical modeling of the longwall gateroad floor heave in the Taldinskaya-Zapadnaya-2 mine. The research is conducted using the finite element method. The research has shown that the floor heave can be reduced when using the relieve slots which are cut in two areas. The reasons and the mechanism of a floor heave of entries are considered. Influence of the major geological and mining factors is revealed. Recommendations about decrease in heave in entries of coal mines are made.
Differential-difference method to solve problems of hydrodynamics
Authors: Khujaev I , Khujaev J , Eshmurodov M , Shaimov K
Published: November 2019

Mathematical modelling of stationary processes of heat transfer, the problem of the current function in fluid mechanics and a number of other objects leads to the Poisson equation. The solution of multidimensional Poisson equations using various approximation schemes is usually brought to sweep methods or to problems of establishment, for which fictitious time is introduced. When solving two-dimensional problems of hydromechanics, the main part of the required machine time is spent on solving the equation of the current function, which has the form of the Poisson equation. When solving this problem, you can use the differential-difference method and with this eliminate the stage of matching the results of the sweep along different coordinate axes. In this paper, an algorithm based on this method, is proposed. The core of the differential-difference method is the diagonalization of the matrix equation using eigenvalues and vectors of the main three-diagonal transition matrix from differential to finite-difference operators. Twice applying the method of lines for a two-dimensional problem, solutions of the problem for new variables are obtained, which are linear combinations of the original grid unknowns. A formula for the reverse transition to the original unknowns is presented. The efficiency and accuracy of the algorithm for solving elliptic equations with stationary and non-stationary right-hand sides are proved using a number of test problems as examples.
The mathematical modelling of the land resources mass evaluation in agriculture
Authors: Pavlova V A , Sulin M A , Lepikhina O Yu
Published: November 2019

The article is devoted to the development of the mathematical model of mass (cadastral) evaluation of agricultural land plots belonging to the agricultural organizations located in the Leningrad Region. On the basis of the initially selected composition of the cadastral value pricing factors, by applying the expert method of Analytic hierarchy process, the most significant ones were identified. Using the Pareto method, the factorial indicators were ranked according to the degree of their influence on the value of land. As a result of the research, the evaluative model of the cadastral value of agricultural land was constructed and tested according to the main indicators of the modeling quality.
Modeling of a solar radiation flow on an inclined arbitrarily oriented surface
Authors: Musta L G , Zhurov G N , Belyaev V V
Published: November 2019

Knowledge of the radiation components incoming at a surface is required in studies of climate and renewable energy technologies. An algorithm for calculating the flux of solar radiation on variously oriented and inclined surfaces is proposed. The algorithm is based on Voeikov Main Geophysical Observatory model. The model deals with such gases as H
2
O, CO
2 И O
3, which absorb radiation in the UV and visible regions of the spectrum. This model takes into account direct solar radiation, diffuse radiation from the atmosphere and the earth’s surface coming on horizontal surface only. The main goal of the work is to develop a flow calculation algorithm for variously oriented surfaces. Good results are obtained, differences in values of direct and diffuse solar radiation between modeling and experience data do not exceed 10%, which is quite satisfactory for engineering calculations. In this paper emphasis is on implementation on calculating the flux for actual state of an atmosphere, including the effects of anthropogenic and man-made pollution.
A study of decision tree application in the problem of accounting for non-insured periods of a pensioner
Authors: Naykhanova L V , Buldaev A A , Ausheeva N N , Naykhanova I V , Haptahaeva N B
Published: November 2019

The article is devoted to the study of machine learning algorithm “decision Tree” for solving the problem “Accounting for non-insured periods”. In pension legislation, there are problems that required a large amount of combinatorial calculations. These include the problem of “Accounting for non-insured periods”. To solve similar problems, machine learning methods should be suitable. To implement the algorithm, training and test samples are created by means of a random number sensor. However, studies have shown that the use of this method gives satisfactory results, but not acceptable for this task. The authors conclude that it is necessary to investigate other, more complex machine learning algorithms, or to find a new dependence of the output variable on the input variables. This dependence is probably to be nonlinear that will determine a choice of a new method of machine learning.
Forecasting a sharp change in traffic intensity by analysis of the third derivative of growth function of incoming requests
Authors: Goichman V Y , Levakov A K , Sokolov N A , Nikolaeva M V
Published: November 2019

The article proposes a method for predicting sudden changes in the intensity of traffic entering a switching node. It is based on monitoring the nature of the input process third derivative, which is usually specified by the number of incoming requests per unit of time. If obtaining an analytical expression for the function of incoming requests is not possible, then the change in the finite differences of the third order should be controlled. The method used is an example of interdisciplinary approach, since an analogue of the third derivative in kinematics is the process called “jerk”. The proposed approach allows predicting a sharp increase in traffic and making decisions to support an acceptable quality of service. In particular, the control of the third derivative can be used in conjunction with the procedures of hysteresis control and algorithms for restricting traffic, which increases dramatically with the response of telecommunication network subscribers to extraordinary events.
Comparative analysis of modelling methods of the tunnel construction harmful effect
Authors: Novozhenin S U , Bogdanova K A , Kempler A K
Published: November 2019

The article presents a comparative analysis of the results of mathematical modeling of horizontal tunneling in the Plaxis 3D software package. Two main ways of modeling the tunnel lining were considered: models based on volumetric elements and using the Plate tool. An analysis was made of the distribution of displacements and deformations on the surface: subsidence, inclinations, curvature, horizontal deformations. Comparison of the maximum strain values showed an insignificant deviation (approximately 5%), which proved the applicability of the two models. For further work, a method using the Plate tool could be recommended as being more suitable in the case of complex models with a large number of intersections.