bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Financing for equity for women’s, children’s and adolescents’ health in low- and middle-income countries: A scoping review
Authors: Bou-Karroum Lama , Iaia Domenico G. , El-Jardali Fadi , Abou Samra Clara , Salameh Sabine , Sleem Zeina , Masri Reem , Harb Aya , Hemadi Nour , Hilal Nadeen , Hneiny Layal , Nassour Sahar , Shah Mehr Gul , Langlois Etienne V.
Published: September 2024

Over the past few decades, the world has witnessed considerable progress in women’s, children’s and adolescents’ health (WCAH) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Yet deep inequities remain between and within countries. This scoping review aims to map financing interventions and measures to improve equity in WCAH in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This scoping review was conducted following Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidance for conducting such reviews as well as the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) for reporting scoping reviews. We searched Medline, PubMed, EMBASE and the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Global Index Medicus, and relevant websites. The selection process was conducted in duplicate and independently. Out of 26 355 citations identified from electronic databases, relevant website searches and stakeholders’ consultations, 413 studies were included in the final review. Conditional cash transfers (CCTs) (22.3%), health insurance (21.4%), user fee exemptions (18.1%) and vouchers (16.9%) were the most reported financial interventions and measures. The majority were targeted at women (57%) and children (21%) with others targeting adolescents (2.7%) and newborns (0.7%). The findings highlighted that CCTs, voucher programs and various insurance schemes can improve the utilization of maternal and child health services for the poor and the disadvantaged, and improve mortality and morbidity rates. However, multiple implementation challenges impact the effectiveness of these programmes. Some studies suggested that financial interventions alone would not be sufficient to achieve equity in health coverage among those of a lower income and those residing in remote regions. This review provides evidence on financing interventions to address the health needs of the most vulnerable communities. It can be used to inform the design of equitable health financing policies and health system reform efforts that are essential to moving towards universal health coverage (UHC). By also unveiling the knowledge gaps, it can be used to inform future research on financing interventions and measures to improve equity when addressing WCAH in LMICs.
Self-healing in leprosy: A systematic review
Authors: Stuetzle Sophie C. W. , Bonkass Ann-Kristin , van Brakel Wim H. , Schoenmakers Anne , Fastenau Anil
Published: September 2024

Background

Leprosy, caused by Mycobacterium leprae, affects multiple body systems and can lead to preventable disability if untreated. While multidrug therapy (MDT) has been available since 1982, historical evidence suggests that untreated leprosy can resolve spontaneously. Nevertheless, the prevalence of self-healing worldwide, as well as factors determining self-healing, remain unclear.

Methods

A systematic review was conducted in 2023 with data from PubMed, Infolep, and Web of Sciences data bases, along with a google search. Data extraction and analysis followed PRISMA guidelines and were summarized in a separate Excel sheet. Included were English-language studies on self-healing in leprosy, regardless the year of publication.

Results

We included six studies spanning from 1938 to 1978 exploring the incidence of self-healing in different countries and continents. Children, paucibacillary (PB) cases, and possibly males showed a higher probability of self-healing with an average healing time of two years.

Discussion/Conclusion

Recent research on self-healing in leprosy is scarce and evidence limited. This is primarily due to ethical concerns regarding withholding effective treatment of diagnosed patients, and because of the absence of an agreed definition of self-healing. Nevertheless, self-healing appears to be a plausible phenomenon influenced by geographic and demographic factors, and the type of leprosy. We recommend further research on self-healing in leprosy, as it provides insight into the human immune system and the determinants of this phenomenon. More insight could help adapt clinical practices and public health strategies, thereby contributing to an effective management and control of this disease.
STransU2Net: Transformer based hybrid model for building segmentation in detailed satellite imagery
Authors: Liu Guangjie , Diao Kuo , Zhu Jinlong , Wang Qi , Li Meng
Published: September 2024

As essential components of human society, buildings serve a multitude of functions and significance. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) has made remarkable progress in the task of building extraction from detailed satellite imagery, owing to the potent capability to capture local information. However, CNN performs suboptimal in extracting larger buildings. Conversely, Transformer has excelled in capturing global information through self-attention mechanisms but are less effective in capturing local information compared to CNN, resulting in suboptimal performance in extracting smaller buildings. Therefore, we have designed the hybrid model STransU2Net, which combines meticulously designed Transformer and CNN to extract buildings of various sizes. In detail, we designed a Bottleneck Pooling Block (BPB) to replace the conventional Max Pooling layer during the downsampling phase, aiming to enhance the extraction of edge information. Furthermore, we devised the Channel And Spatial Attention Block (CSAB) to enhance the target location information during the encoding and decoding stages. Additionally, we added a Swin Transformer Block (STB) at the skip connection location to enhance the model’s global modeling ability. Finally, we empirically assessed the performance of STransU2Net on both the Aerial imagery and Satellite II datasets, The IoU achieved state-of-the-art results with 91.04% and 59.09%, respectively, outperforming other models.
Research on the economic effects of housing support expenditures under the perspective of consumption heterogeneity: Evidence from China
Authors: Shang Li , Tang Decai , Zhang Xiaoling , Li Cunshu , Pan Nan , Huang Chunfang , Sun Aijun
Published: September 2024

What kind of impact does the government’s housing support expenditure have on residents’ consumption? This is a topic that deserves in-depth study and is of practical significance. This study constructs provincial equilibrium panel data based on China’s guaranteed housing construction and financial expenditures on housing support data from 1999–2009 and 2000–2021. It applies the systematic GMM method to estimate the impact of government housing support expenditures on residents’ consumption. The study found that whatever form of expenditure on housing support contributed to the total consumption of urban residents, while the impact on the consumption structure had different results. Based on the divisions of consumption structure, the results of the increase in government housing support expenditure on the consumption structure of urban residents are different. An examination of different forms of housing support reveals that the predominantly secure form of housing construction has a positive effect on all consumption structure divisions. Whereas the predominantly monetary subsidy form has a significant positive relationship with housing, necessity, and durability consumption expenditures, it has a weak or even negative relationship with non-housing, non-necessity, and non-durability consumption expenditures. The research in this paper makes up for the lack of current literature examining the economic effects of housing support from the perspective of consumption structure and provides a theoretical basis and policy reference for constructing a multi-level gradient housing support system.
A slanted castor wheel enables pushing manual wheelchairs from the side to improve social interaction
Authors: Leeuwis Matto , Sesink Job , Bennett Lucy , Schippers Emma , Vassen Marieke W. , Sterke Bram T. , Poggensee Katherine L. , Vallery Heike
Published: September 2024

Traditional wheelchairs are pushed from behind the occupant, which hinders eye contact and communication. It was proposed that the wheelchair be pushed from the side using a push bar to place the caregiver beside the occupant. However, this method requires the caregiver to exert continuous effort to maintain a straight trajectory because the force at the lateral push location generates a moment. This study explores simple modifications to the front castor wheel of the wheelchair that allow pushing it from the side without additional effort. We used a three-dimensional dynamic model of the castor wheel to predict the effects of altering its dimensions and rake, cant, and bank angle and present a simplified steady-state solution. Experimental results support the model’s predictions, and a proof-of-concept experiment with a wheelchair showed that it is possible to push a wheelchair from the side without increasing forces or moments. The results also confirmed that the lateral ground reaction force generated on the castor wheel is proportional to the normal force and the cant angle, which can counter the moment caused by the lateral push location. The implications of this model extend beyond wheelchair design and can be applied to other applications that use castor wheels, such as robotics, trolleys, and walkers.
Comparative transcriptome analysis of differentially expressed genes and pathways in male and female flowers of Fraxinus mandshurica
Authors: Zhang Kaifang , Cao Yuan , Guo Xinyue , Kong Fanqiu , Sun Hongran , Jing Tianzhong , Zhan Yaguang , Qi Fenghui
Published: September 2024

Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr. (F. mandshurica) is a dioecious tree species with important ecological and application values. To delve deeper into the regulatory pathways and genes responsible for male and female flowers in F. mandshurica, we conducted transcriptome sequencing on male and female flowers at four distinct stages. The analysis revealed that the female database generated 38,319,967 reads while the male database generated 43,320,907 reads, resulting in 2930 differentially expressed genes with 1441 were up-regulated and 1489 down-regulated in males compared to females. Following an analysis of Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), four distinct pathways (hormone signal transduction, energy metabolism, flavonoid biosynthesis, and photoperiod) linked to female and male flowers were identified. Subsequently, qRT-PCR verification revealed that FmAUX/IAA, FmEIN3, and FmA-ARR genes in hormone signal transduction pathway are related to female flower development. Meanwhile, FmABF genes in hormone signal transduction pathway, FmGS and FmGDH genes in energy metabolism pathway, FmFLS genes in flavonoid biosynthesis pathway, and FmCaM, FmCRY, and FmPKA genes in photoperiod pathway are related to male flower development. This study was the first to analyze the transcriptome of male and female flowers of F. mandshurica, providing a reference for the developmental pathways and gene expression levels of male and female plants.
Mutational spectrum of breast cancer by shallow whole-genome sequencing of cfDNA and tumor gene panel analysis
Authors: Ambriz-Barrera Fernando , Rojas-Jiménez Ernesto , Díaz-Velásquez Clara Estela , De-La-Cruz-Montoya Aldo Hugo , Martínez-Gregorio Héctor , Ruiz-De-La-Cruz Miguel , Huertas Antonio , Montealegre Ana Lorena , Castro-Rojas Carlos , Acosta Gabriela , Vaca-Paniagua Felipe , Perdomo Sandra
Published: September 2024

Breast cancer (BC) has different molecular subgroups related to different risks and treatments. Tumor biopsies for BC detection are invasive and may not reflect tumor heterogeneity. Liquid biopsies have become relevant because they might overcome these limitations. We rationalize that liquid cfDNA biopsies through shallow whole genome sequencing (sWGS) could improve the detection of tumor alterations, complementing the genomic profiling. We evaluated the feasibility to detect somatic copy number alterations (SCNAs) in BC using shallow whole genome sequencing (sWGS) in cfDNA from archived samples from National Cancer Institute of Colombia patients. We sequenced tumor tissues from 38 BC patients with different molecular subtypes using a gene panel of 176 genes significantly mutated in cancer, and by liquid biopsies using sWGS on 20 paired samples to detect SCNAs and compare with the tumor samples. We identified an extensive intertumoral heterogeneity between the molecular subtypes of BC, with a mean tumor load of 602 mutations in the gene panel of tumor tissues. There was a 12.3% of concordance in deletions in the cfDNA-tumor pairs considering only the genes covered by the panel encompassing seven genes: BRCA1, CDK12, NF1, MAP2K4, NCOR1, TP53, and KEAP1 in three patients. This study shows the feasibility to complement the genomic analysis of tumor tissue biopsies to detect SCNA in BC using sWGS in cfDNA, providing a wider identification of potential therapeutic targets.
Clinical outcomes of DEB-TACE in locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A 5-year real world experience
Authors: Makary Mina S. , Alexander Jonathan , Regalado Luis E. , Jalil Sajid , Mumtaz Khalid
Published: September 2024

Purpose

To evaluate outcomes including safety and efficacy of drug-eluting bead trans-arterial chemo-embolization (DEB-TACE) in the treatment of locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (LA-HCC).

Materials and methods

In this single-center, retrospective study, we evaluated 471 consecutive patients with LA-HCC who underwent DEB-TACE from 2015 to 2020. Efficacy of DEB-TACE was assessed based on the imaging response using the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST) and the biochemical response using alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels at 1-month follow-up. Adverse events, progression free survival (PFS), and overall survival were also examined.

Results

HCC distribution was bilobar in 49% with largest lesion mean size of 4.3 cm ± 3.2, and a majority of patients (46.7%) were Barcelona Club Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage B. Complete radiologic response was achieved in 120 (25.5%) patients, comparable to a reported 28% rate for conventional TACE. Biochemically, 41 (8.7%) patients achieved complete response, and 113 (24%) had a partial response. A total of 59 (12.5%) patients were successfully bridged to liver transplantation. Major adverse events were observed in 3%, while 7.2% experienced post-embolization syndrome. Mean PFS was 6.7 months ± 6.6, and overall survival was 64%, 16.3%, 2.1% at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively.

Conclusion

Based on our real world experience at a single center, DEB-TACE remains the locoregional therapy of choice for LA-HCC due to its favorable safety and efficacy profile.
Unveiling the economic potential of sports industry in China: A data driven analysis
Authors: Liu Haishan
Published: September 2024

The article explains the economic dynamics of the sports industry with adoption of deep learning algorithms and data mining methodology. Despite outstanding improvements in research of sports industry, a significant gap prevails with regard to proper quantification of economic benefits of this industry. Therefore, the current research is an attempt to filling this gap by proposing a specific economic model for the sports sector. This paper examines the data of sports industry covering the time span of 2012 to 2022 by using data mining technology for quantitative analyses. Deep learning algorithms and data mining techniques transform the gained information from sports industry databases into sophisticated economic models. The developed model then makes the efficient analysis of diverse datasets for underlying patterns and insights, crucial in realizing the economic trajectory of the industry. The findings of the study reveal the importance of sports industry for economic growth of China. Moreover, the application of deep learning algorithm highlights the importance of continuous learning and training on the economic data from the sports industry. It is, therefore, an entirely novel approach to build up an economic simulation framework using deep learning and data mining, tailored to the intricate dynamics of the sports industry.
Drivers of diversification in fungal pathogen populations
Authors: Murante Daniel , Hogan Deborah Ann
Published: September 2024

To manage and treat chronic fungal diseases effectively, we require an improved understanding of their complexity. There is an increasing appreciation that chronic infection populations are often heterogeneous due to diversification and drift, even within a single microbial species. Genetically diverse populations can contribute to persistence and resistance to treatment by maintaining cells with different phenotypes capable of thriving in these dynamic environments. In chronic infections, fungal pathogens undergo prolonged challenges that can drive trait selection to convergent adapted states through restricted access to critical nutrients, assault by immune effectors, competition with other species, and antifungal drugs. This review first highlights the various genetic and epigenetic mechanisms that promote diversity in pathogenic fungal populations and provide an additional barrier to assessing the actual heterogeneity of fungal infections. We then review existing studies of evolution and genetic heterogeneity in fungal populations from lung infections associated with the genetic disease cystic fibrosis. We conclude with a discussion of open research questions that, once answered, may aid in diagnosing and treating chronic fungal infections.
Silencing the voices of discontent: How the new digital communication environment reinforces the spiral of silence in the Yemeni crisis
Authors: Bakhash Abdullah , Zran Jamel , Fahmy Shahira S.
Published: September 2024

This study examines the impact of the new digital communication environment on the spiral of silence mechanisms in the context of the current Yemeni crisis. The research focuses on three controversial topics related to the crisis: the role of the Arab coalition in Yemen, the legitimacy of President Abdu Rabu Mansour Hadi and the call to disengage the Yemeni southern governorates from the unified Yemeni state. The sample for this study consisted of 438 respondents, selected using the snowball sampling method. The findings suggest that despite the changes in communication conditions, the mechanisms of the spiral of silence remain effective in the new digital communication environment. The study found that respondents emphasized their awareness of the severity of controversy, disagreement, hostile reactions from the other side and their fears of the threat of social isolation which affected their desire to express their opinions towards the three political issues. The results demonstrated that the respondents with the highest fear of isolation tended to exclude expressing an opinion in the new communication environment or prefer adhering to neutrality. The results confirmed that what impedes the expression of opinion in conflict environments is not the inability of individuals to access media and publishing platforms but rather the same psychological and social mechanisms of the spiral of silence – as identified by Neumann. The study proposes a new model of the spiral of silence theory that incorporates the transformations of the communication field and the inhibitors of opinion expression on social media.
Tradução do discurso de Fedro no Banquete de Platão (Pl. Smp. 178a-180c)
Authors: Israel Pio Fernanda , Cornelli Gabriele , Pitombo Bacelar Agatha
Published: September 2024

No Banquetede Platão, Fedro é considerado o “pai do discurso” e ocupa na sala o primeiro assento à esquerda. Ele introduz o tema do amor e inicia seu discurso com uma série de referências à tradição, incluindo figuras como Hesíodo, Acusilau e Parmênides, para elogiar Eros. Fedro enfatiza o papel do amor na guerra, na política e nas relações amorosas, ressaltando como o amor motiva os humanos a agirem de maneira excepcional. Seu argumento culmina na ideia de que o ápice do amor é a disposição de morrer por aqueles a quem amamos. Ilustra essa perspectiva com exemplos de casais: Alceste e Admeto, Orfeu e Eurídice e Aquiles e Pátroclo, demonstrando como o amor está intrinsecamente ligado à morte e como este sacrifício é recompensado pelos deuses. Esta tradução destaca termos específicos usados em contextos pederásticos como erastes e eromenos, através da transliteração, diferenciando-os de termos mais genéricos para amantes e amados. A introdução aborda brevemente como a compreensão das relações pederásticas e questões relacionadas ao gênero das personagens podem influenciar a interpretação do discurso. Esta tradução convida os leitores a uma análise minuciosa do discurso de Fedro, explorando as complexidades discutidas e suas implicações para o entendimento do amor na obra de Platão.
Políticas Públicas de Turismo e Mitigação da Pobreza na Região Turística da Chapada Diamantina (Bahia/Brasil)
Authors: Rodrigues de Araújo Henrique , Ferreira Araújo Regina , Da Silva Taveira Marcelo , De Oliveira Alexandre Mauro Lemuel
Published: September 2024

A história da Chapada Diamantina ao longo dos séculos foi marcada por transformações econômicas, passando do ciclo de exploração de ouro e diamantes para o turismo, que surgiu como uma força motriz de desenvolvimento, trazendo promessas de emprego e oportunidades para as comunidades locais. Este estudo discute as políticas públicas de turismo em relação à mitigação da pobreza voltadas para a Chapada Diamantina. Para isso, foram identificados os índices relativos à pobreza aplicados à região, além de analisar a percepção dos gestores públicos sobre a relação do desenvolvimento do turismo e seu impacto socioeconômico nas ações e inversões efetivadas de mudanças e reversão da condição social e econômica da pobreza. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratório-descritiva que abrange os 37 municípios da Chapada Diamantina. A coleta de dados envolveu a entrevista semiestruturada com gestores públicos de turismo, além de dados obtidos por meio de pesquisa documental. A análise dos dados seguiu a sequência de análise de conteúdo, temática, categorial, do discurso e léxica para obtenção dos resultados. Considera-se que há desafios e oportunidades para o desenvolvimento econômico e social na região, e que, na atual conjuntura, o turismo ainda não conseguiu preencher essas lacunas, não apresentando porcentagens significativas de redução da pobreza.
The Book of Leviticus of the Gözleve Bible (1841)
Authors: Işık Murat
Published: September 2024

Ez a doktori értekezés az 1841-ben Gözlevében (ma Eupatória) megjelent karaim nyelvű bibliafordítás, az úgy nevezett Gözlevei Biblia nyelvi jellemzőinek részletes elemzését nyújta. A Gözlevei Biblia a Krónikák könyve kivételével magában foglalja a teljes Tanakh fordítását, négy kötetbe rendezve, héber írással. A kiadvány nyelvét általánosságban krími karaimnak tartják. Ennek ellenére a kiadvány pontos nyelve, sőt a krími karaim nyelv léte is komoly tudományos viták tárgyát képezi. A jelen disszertáció a Gözlevei Biblia egy eddig még nem vizsgált könyvének, a Leviták könyvének alapos vizsgálatát tűzi ki célul, beleértve annak transzkripcióját, fordítását, és az eredeti szöveg fakszimile hű másolatát. A tanulmány részletes nyelvi elemzést tartalmaz, amely lefedi a fonológiát, a morfológiát, a morfofonológiát, a mondattant, a morfoszintaxist és a szókészletet. Az elemzés magában foglalja a Gözlevei Biblia szövegének összehasonlítását krími tatár, krími török, oszmán török, valamint a három karaim nyelvjárásban (troki, halicsi és krími) készült egyéb bibliafordítások jellemzőivel. A korpuszban található oszmán török és kipcsak török hatások feltérképezéséhez és elkülönítéséhez elengedhetetlen a kritikai szemlélet. Az elemzés igazolta a karaim bibliafordítások általános jellemzőjét, vagyis a bibliai héber mondattani jellemzők erős hatást gyakoroltak a Gözlevei Biblia szintaxisára is. Ezen felül a szöveg oszmán török nyelvi hatásokat is mutat, amely általában nem jellemző a karaim nyelvű bibliafordításokra. A disszertáció legfőbb eredménye, hogy elvethető az az álláspont, miszerint a Gözlevei Biblia nyelve “tatarizált” lenne, azaz jelentős tatár nyelvi hatást mutatna. Ehelyett megállapítható, hogy a szöveg az adott korra jellemző adaptációkat tükrözi, beleértve az oszmán török hatásokat, miközben megőrzi a krími karaim bibliafordításokra jellemző domináns kipcsak török jellemzőket.
IMPACTO DAS ATIVIDADES ANTRÓPICAS E DO USO DA TERRA NA QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA: UMA ANÁLISE EM MICROBACIAS DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL, BRASIL
Authors: Konzen Isabela Schamann , Gamboa Adriana , Gaida William , Rosa Genesio Mario da , Flach Kauane Andressa , Bones Ubiratan Alegransi , Breunig Fabio Marcelo , Mendonça Ângela Maria , Mahnke Mathias Rezende , Maciel Diego Hider
Published: September 2024

Na interface dinâmica entre atividades humanas e ecossistemas naturais, compreender o impacto das intervenções antropogênicas na qualidade da água é de suma importância. Esta pesquisa investiga a interação entre os padrões de uso do solo e a qualidade da água em três microbacias do Rio Lajeado Três Passos, localizadas no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, que possuem um uso intensivo do solo capaz de gerar impactos na qualidade da água. Para isso, foi realizado um estudo de uso e ocupação da terra utilizando a classificação de imagens do Sentinel-2 com um método supervisionado. Além disso, foram coletadas amostras de água do canal principal e das três microbacias para a análise de parâmetros físico-químicos e microbiológicos seguindo métodos padronizados, e o Índice de Estado Trófico foi calculado. Os resultados indicam uma ligação entre a cobertura urbana e os elevados níveis sólidos totais, pH, espécies de nitrogênio, coliformes e conteúdo de Escherichia coli, juntamente com características hipereutróficas em toda a região estudada. Nossas descobertas destacam a importância de identificar e controlar as fontes de poluição que podem estar afetando este sistema aquático.
MENJAMIN HAK ISTERI PASCA PERCERAIAN: Eksekusi Mut’ah Sebelum Ikrar Talak di Pengadilan Agama Yogyakarta
Authors: Mahmud Datuk
Published: September 2024

AbstractMut’ah is an ex wife right which should be paid by her ex husband as a consequence of talaq. This paper tries to examine the payment of mut’ah before the talaq vow in the Religious Court of Yogyakarta municipality. This article argued that the payment of mut’ahbefore the talaq vow is an effort of the court to guarantee the ex wive right as many ex husbands tended to ignore the payment of mut’ah if the court obliged them to give the payment after the talaq vow as the law regulates. From the perspective of maslaḥa, this judge decision can be considered as a form of maslaḥa.AbstrakMut’ah adalah salah satu bentuk hak nafkah bekas isteri yang didapatkan dari bekas suaminya akibat adanya cerai talak. Secara normatif, pembayaran mut’ah dilakukan setelah terjadi cerai talak. Artikel ini membahas tentang pembayaran mut’ah dilakukan sebelum terjadi cerai talak di Pengadilan Agama (PA) Kota Yogyakarta. Berdasarkan data wawancara dengan beberapa hakim PA Kota Yogyakarta, tulisan ini menyatakan bahwa perintah pembayaran nafkah mut’ah yang terjadi di PA Kota Yogyakarta merupakan salah satu bentuk usaha PA Kota Yogyakarta menjamin hak nafkah bekas isteri dari bekas suaminya. Langkah ini dilakukan karena banyak bekas suami yang mengabaikan pembayaran mut’ah kepada bekas isterinya jika pembayaran dilakukan setelah pembacaan ikrar talak di depan pengadilan sesuai dengan ketentuan perundang-undangan. Langkah hakim memerintahkan bekas suami untuk membayarkan mut’ah kepada bekas isteri ini dapat dianggap sebagai bentuk maslaḥah mursalah.
LARANGAN ADAT NYONGKOLAN DALAM PERKAWINAN MASYARAKAT SASAK LENDANG BESO PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Sugitanata Arif
Published: September 2024

Abstract: This article discusses about the prohibition of Nyongkolan, a tradition of grooms and his relatives visit to their brides’ houses in Sasak Lendang Beso during the Covid-19 Pandemic. The phenomenon shows that among the members of the community of Sasak Lendang Beso, nyongkolan takes important role in the process of marriage ceremony. However, the majority of the members of the community obey not to perform nyongkolan in the pandemic time. By using the concept of reasons for the emergence of legal practice in society initiated by Soerjono Soekanto, this paper finds that the obedience of the society to the regulation is a product of three factors, namely respect for traditional leaders and the government, efforts to avoid social sanctions if they violate the regulation of prohibiting nyongkolan, and avoid the spread of Covid-19.Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas tentang larangan adat Nyongkolan dalam perkawinan masyarakat Sasak Lendang Beso pada masa Pandemi Covid-19. Masyarakat di Dusun Lendang Beso memberlakukan larangan adat nyongkolan dalam perkawinan pada masa pandemi covid-19 meskipun tradisi tersebut mempunyai peranan penting dalam prosesi perkawinan. Dengan menggunakan konsep teoretis tentang alasan munculnya praktek hukum dalam masyarakat yang digagas oleh Soerjono Soekanto, tulisan ini menemukan bahwa ketaatan terhadap berlakunya aturan larangan adat nyongkolan pada masa pandemi covid-19 di masyarakat Sasak Lendang Beso disebabkan oleh tiga faktor, yakni penghormatan terhadap tokoh adat dan pemerintah, usaha masyarakat untuk menghindari sanksi sosial jika melanggar aturan adat mengenai larangan nyongkolan di masa pandemi covid-19 dan upaya mencegah dan menghindari penyebaran covid-19.
Numéro 185 - juillet 2024
Authors: Bertrand Aurélie , Bodart Vincent , Clarr Margaux , De Bundel Florian , De Pierpont Charles , Guillet Alain , Lachapelle Nathan , Notte Vincent , Van Keirsbilck Leïla
Published: September 2024

Au 1er trimestre 2024, l’économie belge a progressé de 0,3%. Elle devrait conserver ce rythme de croissance modéré au cours des prochains trimestres.
The Effect of ATM and ERK1/2 Inhibition on Mitoxantrone-Induced Cell Death of Leukaemic Cells
Authors: Seifrtová M. , Havelek R. , Chmelařová M. , Ćmielová J. , Muthná D. , Stoklasová A. , Zemánková S. , Řezáčová Martina
Published: September 2024

The relationship between signal pathways MEK1/2-ERK1/2 and ATM-p53 in the response to DNA damage is not well understood. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of mitoxantrone and two protein kinase inhibitors – caffeine (inhibitor of ATM kinase) and U0126 (inhibitor of MEK1/2 kinase) – on MOLT-4 and Jurkat leukaemic cell lines. In this work we show that the inhibition of MEK1/2 is associated with an increased mortality of cells after mitoxantrone treatment. Inhibition of ATM by caffeine delayed mitoxantrone-induced cell death in MOLT-4 cells. Mitoxantrone itself induced cell-cycle arrest and accumulation of the cells in late S and G2/M phase. Inhibition of ATM, but not of MEK1/2, abrogated mitoxantrone-induced cell-cycle arrest. Inhibition of MEK1/2 did not change mitoxantroneinduced up-regulation of p53 and p21, but inhibition of ATM markedly decreased up-regulation of p53 and p21, and p53 phosphorylation on serine 15 and serine 392. It can be concluded that: 1) mitoxantrone-induced phosphorylation of p53 on serine 15 and serine 392 is ATM dependent and MEK1/2-ERK1/2 independent. 2) ATM inhibition by caffeine prevents G2 cell arrest and in p53-positive cells MOLT-4 delays the onset of mitoxantrone-induced cell death. 3) Inhibition of MEK1/2-ERK1/2 cascade potentiates the cytostatic effect of mitoxantrone regardless of the p53 status.
Financial Analysis of Saudi Banks: Economic Perspective of NCB and BSF Analysis
Authors: Alamoudi Abdulrhman
Published: September 2024

This study shows the importance of financial analysis in understanding a company's financial health, revealing its strengths, weaknesses, and potential opportunities. This article uses information from two publicly held banks in two consecutive years (2018-2019) of annual reports in Saudi Arabia. It aims to apply several financial tools, namely horizontal, vertical, and ratio analysis, to analyze NCB and BSF.
Comprehensive Quality Principles as A Contribution to The Development of Premier League Club Management in Libya
Authors: Alhaaj Mohammed , Boukari Samia , Attia Ahmed , Mhenni Thouraya , Rime Sioud , Salameh Hamed , Khalifa Riadh
Published: September 2024

The research aims to develop administrative work in Premier League clubs in Libya by applying the principles of overall quality. In this research, the descriptive method was used depending on the nature of the research. The study population included members of the boards of directors of Premier League clubs, which had twenty (20) clubs registered with the Libyan Football Federation for the 2023-2024 sporting season. The research sample was selected from members of the boards of directors of twenty (20) professional sports clubs of the Premier League in Libya, including fourteen (14) board chairmen, fifteen (15) treasurers and forty-seven (47) board members responded. The results of this research showed that there are statistically significant differences between the frequencies of responses of the research sample members in all the statements of the first axis titled “The extent of officials’ awareness of the concept and philosophy of comprehensive quality in Premier League clubs” and the second and third axes titled respectively “The extent to which senior management in Premier League clubs is centered around the beneficiaries to achieve their needs, desires, and expectations”; “The style of administrative leadership that must be implemented in the Premier League clubs in Libya” , in favor of the most frequent response. Regarding the questionnaire, the arithmetic mean was 2.54, with a relative importance of 84.8%, and the response direction was (high) on the principles of comprehensive quality for developing administrative work in the Premier League clubs in Libya. The researcher recommends the necessity of using the principles of comprehensive quality in sports clubs in order to develop their administrative work, as well as asking the responsible authorities to establish a special center for comprehensive quality in the sports field for continuous development and improvement.
Enhancing EFL Students' Speech Presentation Skills through Aristotle's Rhetoric
Authors: Takegami Fumi
Published: September 2024

This study explores the enhancement of EFL (English as a Foreign Language) students' speech presentation skills through principles of Aristotle's classic work, titled Rhetoric.  By fostering metacognitive awareness of rhetoric, students gain insight into the purpose and benefits of speech activities, leading to improved public speaking and language fluency. Additionally, metacognition equips students with the skills to structure their efforts towards successful completion of speech activities, ensuring more effective and confident presentations. Introducing Aristotle’s three modes of persuasion—ethos, pathos, and logos—provides a framework for structuring speeches and evaluating others’ presentations. This metacognitive approach also benefits teachers, offering a deeper understanding of rhetorical principles rooted in the classic work on making persuasive speech presentations.  The study proposes scaffolded lesson plans to integrate these rhetorical strategies into EFL instruction, demonstrating that such integration enhances students' ability to develop and deliver effective speeches. Ultimately, this pedagogical approach promotes learner autonomy and proficiency in public speaking by applying theoretical constructs to practical classroom activities.
Antimicrobial activities and neuroprotective potential for Alzheimer’s disease of pure, Mn, Co, and Al-doped ZnO ultra-small nanoparticles
Authors: Ullah Imran , Neder Reinhard B. , Ahmad Mushtaq , Khan Abdul Qadir , Rauf Abdur , Alshammari Abdulrahman , Albekairi Norah Abdullah
Published: September 2024

The current research aimed to gain insights into the synthesis, characterization, and biomedical applications of ultra-small (US) zinc oxide (ZnO) and manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), aluminum (Al)-doped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs). These NPs were synthesized using the sol–gel method and treated with various organic ligand molecules, serving as surface modifiers and stabilizers. The influence of ligand molecules on the growth kinetics was observed by monitoring the synthesis time until gel formation, which revealed that the ligand molecules significantly slowed down gelation. Moreover, the shape and final size of NPs were also analyzed. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed single-phase crystallization in all samples. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy revealed a broad absorbance peak in the range of 347–355 nm. Tauc’s method estimated an optical bandgap of 3.1–3.16 eV. Infrared Fourier transform (FT-IR) spectroscopy corroborated the formation of ZnO NPs decorated with various functional groups. Structural studies were performed using DISCUS software, where all necessary parameters were refined, and suggested a crystallite/NP size in the range of 3–10 nm. The citrate molecule (cit), a capping agent, exhibits the smallest crystallite/NPs. The samples were explored for antimicrobial and anti-acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) activities. Among all samples, only 3–5% Mn-doped ZnO with acetate (ac) molecules as ligands showed antimicrobial activities at different concentrations. Moreover, 3% and 5% Co-doped ZnO with ac, and 3% Co-doped ZnO with dimethyl-l-tartrate (dmlt) and cit, were also active at various concentrations against Gram-positive bacteria, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and Bacillus cereus (BC). The highest zone of inhibition of 7.5 ± 0.2 mm against MRSA and 10.0 mm for BC were observed. The lowest zone of inhibition was reported as 3.25 ± 0.25 mm against MRSA and 3.0 mm against BC. A direct relationship between the zone of inhibition and the concentration was observed. ZnO NPs inhibit 87.39 ± 0.002% AChE, while 3% Al-doped, 3 and 5% Co-doped NPs inhibit 78.8 ± 0.017%, 56.2 ± 0.002%, and 62.7 ± 0.051% AChE, respectively. An intermediate response of AChE inhibition was observed: 42.0 ± 0.018% for 3% Mn-doped NPs and 32.6 ± 0.0034% for 5% Mn-doped NPs. Various strategies were employed to further optimize their activities.
Treatment of migraine with aura with osteopathic manipulative treatment: a case report with renewed perspectives
Authors: Babek Natan , Fiechter Christopher , Caretti Rachael , Phinney Trevor
Published: September 2024

Migraines make up a significant number of office visits every year, yet their pathophysiology and etiology remain largely elusive. This case report presents a 33-year-old patient who originally presented to the emergency department (ED) as a stroke alert and was later determined to have migraine with aura. The patient experienced an acute onset of headache, dizziness, and new-onset expressive aphasia. Before administration of a migraine cocktail, osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) was performed and was able to fully resolve all of her symptoms. In an effort to explain the outcomes in this case, a review of the current literature was performed, which provides an interesting perspective on the interplay of the musculoskeletal system and neuroanatomy. The literature establishes that somatic dysfunctions in the cervical vertebrae and trapezius may play a role in migraines and provide rationale for the use of OMT.
Homozygous mutation of KISS1 receptor (KISS1R) gene identified in a Chinese patient with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH): case report and literature review
Authors: Chen Xiaoqian , Hu Man , Du Tingting , Yang Luhong , Li Yakun , Feng Lifang , Luo Juan , Yao Hui , Chen Xiaohong
Published: September 2024

Objectives

Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) is a rare condition caused by a defect in the production, secretion or action of gonadotropin-releasing hormone. The absence of puberty and varying degrees of gonadotropic deficiency are common symptoms of this disorder. Heterogeneity exists in the clinical presentation of the different clinical subtypes and multiple genes have been implicated in CHH. A number of genetic defects have been identified as causes normosmic CHH, including mutations of GnRHR, GNRH1, KISS1R, KISS1, TACR3 and TAC3. Loss-of-function mutations in KISS1R gene are a rare cause of normosmic CHH.

Case presentation

We described an 11.5 years old Chinese patient who presented at birth with micropenis, microorchidia and bilateral cryptorchidism. Whole-exome sequencing was also performed and identified a homozygous mutation of KISS1R gene, c.1010_1028del (p.V337Afs*82). The variant was predicted as “deleterious” and classified as “likely pathogenic”. This variant has never been reported in patients with CHH. Furthermore, we summarized the clinical presentations and analyzed the phenotype-genotype correlation between CHH and KISS1R mutations in previous reports.

Conclusions

This study details the clinical phenotypes and hormone levels of the patient and expands the spectrum of mutations in the KISS1R gene associated with CHH.
Kualitas Hasil Ecoprint Motif Daun Jenitri dengan ZWA Daun Ketapang menggunakan Mordan Tawas, Tunjung dan Kapur Tohor
Authors: Sholikhah Anggun Prawati Maratu , Widowati Widowati
Published: September 2024

Permasalahan limbah tekstil mendorong pelaku industri menerapkan eco-fashion, langkah untuk mendukung eco-fashion dengan menerapkan ecoprint. Ecoprint yaitu teknik pemindahan warna dan motif daun diatas permukaan kain. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik ecoprint steam medium print dengan mordan tawas, tunjung dan kapur tohor. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunakan mordan terhadap kualitas ecoprint pada aspek warna dan motif. 
Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Adapun populasinya yaitu mahasiswa Pendidikan Tata Busana Angkatan 2019. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan sampel jenuh dengan kriteria mahasiswa yang telah mengikuti mata kuliah Pewarnaan Tekstil. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif presentase.
Analisis hasil ketahanan luntur pada uji grey scale dan staining scale terbaik diperoleh ecoprint dengan mordan kapur tohor dengan hasil rata – rata 4 (Baik) pada uji grey scale dan rata – rata 4.55 (Baik) pada uji staining scale. Pengujian ketuaan warna (R%) nilai tertinggi ecoprint mordan tunjung dengan rata – rata 3.795. Analisis hasil pada estetika motif, hasil terbaik ecoprint mordan tunjung dengan rata – rata 3.4 (Cukup Baik) hasil arah warna menunjukkan mordan tawas menghasilkan warna Oyster-Wood, mordan tunjung menghasilkan warna Smoke-Shadow, dan mordan kapur tohor menghasilkan Hazel Wood-Carob. Berdasarkan dengan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa mordan memiliki pengaruh terhadap ketahanan luntur, ketuaan warna dan estetika motif. Saran dari penelitian ini yaitu penambahan waktu perendaman zat warna alam khususnya pada mordan tawas. Pemilihan daun baik sebagai motif maupun sebagai zat warna alam sangat berpengaruh terhadap kualitas ecoprint.
Penciptaan Batik Inspirasi Tradisi Boyong Grobog
Authors: KINAYAH ARUM , Krisnawati Maria
Published: September 2024

Abstract. The Boyong Grobog Carnival is one of the original traditions of Grobogan which commemorates the anniversary of Grobogan Regency and is always celebrated by the people every year. With the symbolic icons of Grobog, keris, and gunungan, the Boyong Groog tradition can be used as a source of ideas for making batik motifs. The aim of this research is to create a written batik motif inspired by the Boyong Grobog tradition. Making batik is a means of preserving and introducing regional traditions so that they are known to the wider community. The research method used is a creation method consisting of exploration, improvisation and embodiment. Data collection techniques are through observation with research instruments in the form of observation sheets. Data collection is carried out by experts (judgment experts) to assess batik designs and products. The experts used in this assessment are batik design experts and batik craftsmen. Data is presented using descriptive analysis. The results of this research were visualized in the form of a batik panel measuring 50 x 70 cm and a jarik cloth measuring 2.25 x 1.10 m. Batik uses the written batik technique with remasol dab coloring. The batik panel received a feasibility percentage of 97.14% for design and a result of 90.3% for the finished product. Meanwhile, for Jarik fabric, the percentage of results was 100% for the design and 93.9% for the product results.
 
Keywords : Creation, batik, Grobogan, Boyong Grobog tradition
 
Abstrak. Kirab Boyong Grobog merupakan salah satu tradisi asli dari Grobogan yang merupakan peringatan hari jadi Kabupaten Grobogan dan selalu dirayakan oleh masyarakatnya tiap tahun. Dengan ikon simbolik Grobog, keris, dan gunungan, tradisi Boyong Groog dapat diangkat menjadi sumber ide pembuatan motif batik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menciptakan motif batik tulis dengan inspirasi tradisi Boyong Grobog. Pembuatan batik ini merupakan sarana pelestarian dan pengenalan tradisi daerah agar di kenal oleh masyarakat luas. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penciptaan yang terdiri dari eksplorasi, improvisasi, dan perwujudan. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi dengan instrumen penelitian berupa lembar observasi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan oleh ahli (judgment expert) untuk menilai desain dan produk batik. Ahli yang digunakan dalam penilaian ini adalah ahli desain batik dan perajin batik. Data disajikan menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil karya dari penelitian ini divisualisasikan dalam bentuk panel batik berukuran 50 x 70 cm dan kain jarik berukuran 2.25 x 1,10 m. Batik menggunakan teknik batik tulis dengan pewarnaan colet remasol. Panel batik mendapatkan prosentase kelayakan sebesar 97.14% untuk desain dan hasil 90.3% uttuk hasil jadi produk. Sedangkan untuk kain jarik mendapatkan prosentase hasil 100% untuk desain dan 93.9% untuk hasil produknya.
 
Kata kunci : Penciptaan, batik, Grobogan, tradisi Boyong Grobog
Algoritmo de predicción para detectar las zonas de veda ante la pesca indiscriminada de anchoveta, Callao
Authors: Rodriguez Limahuay Brayam , Petrlik Azabache Ivan , Rodriguez Chilet Christian Manuel , Carranza Avellaneda Manuel , Olulo Veramendi Adrian , Loayza Zarate Erik
Published: September 2024

Indiscriminate anchoveta fishing in Peru threatens the sustainability of this species and the balance of the marine ecosystem. The study proposes a prediction algorithm developed in Python to identify closed areas, evaluating variables such as quantity of fish, water temperature and age of anchovetas. The CRISP-DM methodology guides the process, divided into phases of data understanding, preparation and modeling, followed by model evaluation and deployment. The results show that areas such as Chorrillos exceed the 20% threshold of juvenile catch, indicating the need for stricter protection measures. In addition, an upward trend in the total catch of anchovetas is observed, suggesting an increase in demand or changes in the marine ecosystem. The cumulative probability analysis reveals stability in the juvenile population, and the scatter plots highlight the relationship between geographic coordinates and catches, aiding in fisheries management. The overall conclusion underlines the urgency of sustainable management, the implementation of monitoring technologies and the promotion of responsible fishing practices to protect marine biodiversity and guarantee the economic and food viability of the Peruvian fishing sector.