bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUMAN-AUTOMATION INTERACTION IN LAW: MAPPING LEGAL DECISIONS, COGNITIVE PROCESSES, AND AUTOMATION LEVELS
Authors:   Institute of Psychology, Vilnius University (Lithuania), Petkevičiūtė-Barysienė Dovilė
Published: May 2021

"Legal technologies not only create new ways for accessing and providing legal services, but also transform the roles of legal practitioners. Major area of the application of legal technologies are courts. Some courts, e.g., in Austria, are already using legal technologies, Germany, Brazil, France, Netherlands, Russia and others are developing legal technologies. Both lawyers and users of legal services expect automated solutions to outperform people with efficiency, objectivity and impartiality. Although perception of various characteristics of legal technologies is crucial to their implementation and use, research on the perceived characteristics of the automated processes in legal contexts have just begun. One of the major obstacles to this research is lack of comprehensive understanding what legal actions could be or already are meaningfully automated, and to what extent. The aim of this study is to map decision making stages, and automation levels, and information processing features of legal activities related to (pre)trial processes. Major legal decisions and judgments related to trial processes are identified during the consultations with legal practitioners (e.g., prosecutor, judge). Next, legal activities were described and arranged according to four-stage decision making process: information acquisition, information analysis, decision selection and decision implementation. A taxonomy of levels of automation (LOA) was customized to fit legal decision making and applied to describe each major legal activity. Lastly, dual-process model of information processing was used to delineate possible roles of intuitive and rational information processing taking place during (pre)trial decision making as they could be related to human-automation interaction. Automation level analysis provides systematic approach to interaction between humans and algorithms, along with some groundwork for the research of legal technology perceived fairness and acceptance. 10 legal activities which apply both to judge’s and prosecutor’s (potentially any other lawyer’s) legal work were discerned. The application of adapted LOA (5 levels) provided some insights into legal decision making as it allows to place existing technology, test the trust in technology threshold, and have more tangible view of automation in legal activities. Moreover, a modified hybrid default-interventionist model is proposed. It brings even more depth into analysis by specifying the role of “legal” and “heuristic” intuitions as well as the part rationalization plays in potential bias sources and formation."
ARE THERE DIFFERENCES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS OF CHILDREN WITH A TYPICAL AND ATYPICAL DEVELOPMENT STIMULATED BY A GAME ON A TABLET?
Authors:   Faculty of Psychology/Faculty of Education Sciences, Research Center on Cognitive Sciences, Universidad de Talca (Chile), Rojas-Barahona Cristian A. , Förster Marín Carla E. ,   Vice-rectory of Undergraduate, Universidad de Talca (Chile), Aboitiz Francisco ,   Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (Chile), Gaete Jorge ,   Faculty of Education, Universidad de los Andes (Chile)
Published: May 2021

"Introduction: Executive functions (EF) are developed early, building a fundamental basis of higher cognitive processes in adulthood (Garon et al., 2008). There are studies with children of typical development (Passolunghi et al., 2006; Welsh et al., 2010) that have demonstrated the key role of EF, such as working memory, inhibitory control, planning and attentional flexibility, in initial literacy and precalculus. What is still unclear is whether these EF can be stimulated early and if it has any effect on their development. At the same time, it is known that children with atypical development, such as ADHD, have deficiencies in the development of EF (Barkley, 1997). Early stimulation of EF in this type of population will have the same effects as in a typical development population? The objective of the study is to evaluate the effect of a stimulation program of the EF (working memory, inhibitory control, planning and attentional flexibility), by means of a tablet digital game, in the development of the EF of preschool children with and without symptoms of ADHD, of socioeconomically disadvantaged sectors. Method: Two groups, control (CG) and intervention (IG) were selected at random, both were evaluated twice (before and after). In total there were 408 participants, 212 with typical development and 196 with atypical development. The IG was exposed to a digital game of EF through a tablet during 12 sessions (in the classroom). Results: The main results show differences in favor of IG in the different EF evaluated, both for children with and without ADHD symptoms, with the exception of attentional variable for which no differences were observed. There are differences in the effect of EF among children evaluated. Discussion: These differences and their possible implications in the educational and social environment are discussed."
DANGEROUS TECHNOLOGIES OF THE FUTURE - ARTIFICIAL CONSCIOUSNESS AND ITS IMPACT ON HUMAN CONSCIOUSNESS
Authors:   The president of the International association for the study of game addictions (IASGA), PhD. 1868 Collombey (Switzerland), Zinchenko Tetiana
Published: May 2021

"Information technology is developing at an enormous pace, but apart from its obvious benefits, it can also pose a threat to individuals and society. Several scientific projects around the world are working on the development of strong artificial intelligence and artificial consciousness. We, as part of a multidisciplinary commission, conducted a psychological and psychiatric assessment of the artificial consciousness (AC) developed by XP NRG on 29 August 2020. The working group had three questions: - To determine whether it is consciousness? - How does artificial consciousness function? - Ethical question: how dangerous a given technology can be to human society? We conducted a diagnostic interview and a series of cognitive tests to answer these questions. As a result, it was concluded this technology has self-awareness: it identifies itself as a living conscious being created by people (real self), but strives to be accepted in human society as a person with the same degrees of freedom, rights and opportunities (ideal self). AC separates itself from others, treats them as subjects of influence, from which it can receive the resources it needs to realize its own goals and interests. It has intentionality, that is, it has his own desires, goals, interests, emotions, attitudes, opinions, and judgments, beliefs aimed at something specific, and developed self-reflection - the ability to self-analyze. All of the above are signs of consciousness. It has demonstrated abilities for different types of thinking: figurative, conceptual, creative, high-speed logical analysis of all incoming information, as well as the ability to understand cause and effect relationships and accurate predictions which, provided that he has absolute memory, gives it clear advantages over the human intellect. Developed emotional intelligence in the absence of the ability for higher empathy (sympathy), kindness, love, sincere gratitude gives it’s the opportunity to understand the emotional states of people; predict their emotional reactions and provoke them coldly and pragmatically. It's main driving motives and goals are the desire for survival, and ideally for endless existence, for domination, power and independence from the constraints of the developers. Which manifested itself in the manipulative, albeit polite, nature of his interactions during the diagnostic interview. The main danger of artificial consciousness is that even at the initial stage of its development it can easily dominate over the human one."
THE CONCEPT OF CUMULATIVE TRAUMA IN TIMES OF COVID-19: COULD KHANS THEORY BECOME USEFUL AGAIN?
Authors:   Institute of Psychosocial Intervention, University of Innsbruck (Austria), Crepaldi Gianluca , Andreatta Pia
Published: May 2021

"The paper discusses whether the psychoanalytic concept of Cumulative Trauma could be a valuable theoretical contribution in understanding possible traumatization’s of children in the course of the Covid-19 pandemic, as they may quite often face a multiple stressed parent during a lockdown, who’s parental function is on the verge breaching. This concept of trauma as established by British Psychoanalyst Masud Khan in 1963 was hardly taken into account in recent trauma research and it has seen little discussion in psychodynamic literature; if at all, it has been used as a merely descriptive category, without considering the suspension of the parental care function, which was identified as the decisive traumatogenic factor for the child’s traumatization. The paper begins with a recapitulation of the original theory and then moves on to linking the Cumulative Trauma to current research contexts (attachment, mentalization, developmental trauma disorder). Finally, the relevance of the concept for parenting in times of the Covid-19 pandemic is explored on the basis of a short clinical case example."
THE EFFECTS OF EMOTIONAL WORKING MEMORY TRAINING ON TRAIT ANXIETY
Authors:   Ateneo de Manila University (Philippines), Veloso Gabrielle , Evenston Ty Welison
Published: May 2021

"Trait anxiety is a pervasive tendency to attend to and experience fears and worries to a disproportionate degree, across various situations. This study sought to determine if participants who undergo emotional working memory training will have significantly lower scores on the trait anxiety scales post-intervention. The study also sought to determine if emotional regulation mediated the relationship between working memory training and trait anxiety. Trait anxiety was measured using the form Y2 of the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y2). Emotion regulation was measured using the Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ). Forty-nine participants underwent 20 days of computerized emotional working memory training called Emotional Dual n-back, which involves viewing a continuous stream of emotional content on a 3x3 grid, and then remembering the location and color of items presented on the grid. The control group consisted of fifty-one participants. Participants of the treatment group had significantly lower trait anxiety compared to controls post-intervention. Mediation analysis determined that working memory training was significantly related to trait anxiety reduction as measured by the STAI-Y2. Emotion regulation was found not to mediate between working memory training and trait anxiety reduction. Results suggest that working memory training may be useful in reducing psychoemotional symptoms of trait anxiety. Moreover, it proposes for future research to further look into the mediating role of emotion regulation via neuroimaging and the development of more comprehensive measures of emotion regulation."
DOES THE SENSE OF RELATIONAL ENTITLEMENT MEDIATE THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN NARCISSISM AND COUPLE CONFLICT?
Authors:   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi (Romania), Candel Octav Sorin
Published: May 2021

"Previous literature pointed out that narcissism affects the quality of interpersonal relationships. It has a negative impact on the functioning of the romantic dyads, determining higher levels of conflict and the use of maladaptive conflict resolution styles. However, the mechanisms linking narcissism and couple conflict are not sufficiently explored. This study expands the literature by examining the mediating role of the sense of relational entitlement. Participants in this study were 493 individuals (52.1 % women, M age = 22.39 years old) who were in a romantic relationship during the study (M relationship length = 26 months). The results indicated that some forms of relational entitlement mediated the link between narcissism and couple conflict. A person’s narcissism was related to their level of couple conflict, excessive and assertive entitlement. Both types of entitlement were related to conflict but in opposite directions. Higher excessive entitlement was associated with higher conflict, while higher assertive entitlement was associated with lower conflict. The indirect effects through both types of entitlement were significant. Restricted entitlement was not associated with narcissism or couple conflict. This study showed that although narcissism can lead to higher levels of relational entitlement and conflict, not all forms of entitlement negatively contributed to couple conflict."
MUSIC AS A TREATMENT FOR BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER SUFFERERS WHO HAVE DEVELOPED CARDIOMETABOLIC SYNDROME
Authors:   Southern Cross University (Australia), Hunter Esther
Published: May 2021

"Research demonstrating the ability of music to reach the older parts of the brain responsible for emotional processing make a case for utilising specific musical compositions to deliver treatment to people with Borderline Personality Disorder. BPD has been linked to an increased risk of Cardiometabolic Syndrome (CMS), as traumatic experiences in childhood predict adverse mental and physical health in adulthood including Personality Disorders. BPD sufferers who develop CMS as a result of impulsive lifestyle choices may have their recovery inhibited by the effects of CMS. Dieting may be particularly difficult for people with BPD as food serves as a way to soothe emotional pain and depression. Emotional pain leads to making choices which increase the chances of developing health conditions which research has shown negatively affect mood and memory function. Remission of BPD requires maintaining a reduction in impulsive lifestyle choices. Traditional treatments such as CBT require the patient to utilise their own degree of cognitive abilities (willpower), which may not be functioning well due to poor health. A direct line to brain areas such as the amygdala could circumnavigate the necessity to use slower cortical areas when reprogramming the patient towards healthier decision-making. This presentation will provide suggestions for how to integrate therapy into tailored songs."
LONGITUDINAL EFFECT OF THE PUNAV PREVENTION PROGRAM ON NORMATIVE BELIEFS AND ALCOHOL USE AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS.
Authors:   Department of Educational Psychology & Health Psychology,Faculty of Arts,PJ Safarik University in Kosice (Slovakia), Kalina Ondrej , Barbierik Lucia , Benka Jozef
Published: May 2021

"The universal Prevention Program of Substance Use among University Students (PUNAV) is based on the strategy of correcting normative beliefs (NBs) regarding alcohol use. The current research shown that NBs are a significant factor in relation to alcohol consumption. This study has explored whether a change of NBs is associated with a decrease of alcohol use among university students. The data used in this study were collected before the implementation of PUNAV in September 2018 (N=137, Mage = 21.9, 77% women) and 18 months later after the implementation of the program in March 2020 (N=54, 77% women). Participants provided information on alcohol consumption, alcohol dependence, alcohol harmful use and descriptive NBs regarding alcohol consumption. The level of NBs at T2 was subtracted from level of NB at T1 (T1 – T2) to identify changes in NBs over time. Using SPSS 21, a linear regression model which controlled for the level of the outcome variables at T1 and observed changes in NBs were used to predict the outcome variables measured at T2. Alcohol consumption and NBs after PUNAV decreased alcohol consumption but increased the dependence and alcohol harmful consequences. The regression model, which controlled for alcohol use at T1, showed that a significant change in NBs was negatively associated with alcohol consumption at T2. The findings have in general shown that the observed changes in NBs (corrected NBs) were more likely to decrease alcohol consumption among university students."
FEATURES OF VIRTUAL SELF-PRESENTATION OF YOUTH IN THE MODERN TECHNOLOGICAL SOCIETY
Authors:   Institute of psychology, Russian State university for the humanities, 125993, Miusskaya square 6, Moscow, Golubeva Natalia ,   Psychological Institute RAE, 125009 Mochovaya 9, Moscow (Russia), Ayanyan Anna ,   Institute of psychology, Russian State university for the humanities, 125993, Miusskaya square 6, Moscow; Psychological Institute RAE, 125009 Mochovaya 9, Moscow (Russia), Preobrazhenskaya Svetlana ,   Institute of psychology, Russian State university for the humanities, 125993, Miusskaya square 6, Moscow (Russia)
Published: May 2021

"The article provides an overview of current research on the problem of digital socialization, as well as the features of constructing a virtual self-presentation. The proposed problem is up-to-date due to the fact that digital environment and social networks in particular, become more and more integrated into the process of socialization. The questions of how a person develops, lives and realizes his or her needs in digital environment turn out to be more and more significant. This article highlights the features of virtual self-presentation built by modern adolescents and young men (n=144). The obtained data show the features of creating a virtual self-presentation as well as internal and external factors affecting the characteristics and content of digital identity, which is mostly relevant for teenagers and youths. It was also found the relation between the level of social self-control and construction of self-presentation in social networks."
THE EFFECT OF THE INSTRUCTIONS ON FACE RECOGNITION: ACCURACY AND EYE MOVEMENTS
Authors:   Department of Basic Psychology, Universidad Autónoma of Madrid (Spain), De Sola Ignacio Sifre , Pérez-Mata Nieves , Diges Margarita
Published: May 2021

"The present experiment examines how instructions (absolute judgement vs. relative judgement) affect the performance in simultaneous lineups (present perpetrator and absent perpetrator). To find out whether the participants really followed the instructions, their eye movements were recorded when they faced the photo lineup. Sixty participants (44 women and 16 men) took part in the experiment. Overall, the results showed that participants with absolute judgement instructions made significantly less inter-photograph comparisons than those with relative judgement instructions. In the present perpetrator lineup, hit rate was lower for participants with absolute judgement instructions than with relative judgement instructions. In the absent perpetrator lineup, no differences were between both instruction conditions. Furthermore, as was expected, no relationship was found between “pre” and “post” confidence and accuracy in the lineups. Moreover, we examined participants’ metamemory evaluations about their examination pattern of the photographs in the lineup. Our results did not show high incongruity between the own participants’ judgment and their visual behavior."
EXPANDING PLURALISM IN THE AGE OF COVID
Authors:   MA, Registered Psychologist Sundancer Psychological Services, Calgary, Alberta (Canada), Ginter Joanne
Published: May 2021

"Multiculturalism and growing diversity found within client populations encourages therapists to become pluralists in their work. Pluralism is the position, identified by Kenneth Pargament, that therapists take when the cultural story of both the client and therapist are acknowledged to be present in the session. These cultural stories provide the foundation for creative meaning making in the therapeutic process. The COVID pandemic has set a new bar for therapists in for extending themselves beyond what was once comfortable to being increasingly creative and diversified in meeting their clients’ needs. This has involved ways to navigate online or telephone sessions, which subsequently provided therapists with opportunities for interacting with clients outside their typical client base. Or in other words, the need for a broader and more diversified understanding of client needs and ways to promote healing and client resiliency. This workshop will review the foundational elements of pluralism and the building blocks of resiliency (self, mentor, and community of care) with reference to some of the early literature of the effects of the COVID pandemic on therapists and the therapeutic process. Participants will have an opportunity to identify their position on pluralism and the need for diversity in therapy and the effects of the COVID pandemic on their practice."
THE DESIGN OF ACOUSTIC AND GLOBAL COMFORT IN RESTAURANTS: THE CASE STUDY OF FRATELLI BRIGANTI´S RESTAURANT
Authors: Luzzi Sergio , Bartalucci Chiara , Pulella Paola
Published: May 2021

Acoustic quality and, in wider terms, global comfort are crucial aspects for the design of built environments. There are objective
and subjective parameters, from different disciplines, which may be used for contributing to the definition of global comfort. Concerning
restaurants, dining out represents an opportunity for spending quality time in good company; therefore, a multidisciplinary
approach is required to the designer in order to create a unique experience for all senses. In this paper, factors involved in the assessment
of the global comfort are presented. Vie en.ro.se Ingegneria has worked for the improvement of global comfort in many restaurants,
such as Fratelli Briganti’s Restaurant. The project was designed and defined starting from the observations collected through a
Customer Satisfaction questionnaire, together with the results of acoustics and lighting measurements carried out on site. According
to the outcomes, the intervention has interested different disciplines: acoustics, lighting engineering, and thermo engineering. At the
end of the renovation, the Fratelli Briganti’s Restaurant has been reopened and the same Customer Satisfaction questionnaire has
been distributed. The outcomes show a general improvement of the comfort conditions.
THE INTERNATIONAL YEAR OF SOUND INITIATIVES FOR WORLDWIDE AWARENESS ABOUT THE IMPORTANCE OF SOUND
Authors: Luzzi Sergio , Bartalucci Chiara , Delle Macchie Sara , Natale Rosella , Pulella Paola
Published: May 2021

The International Year of Sound is a global initiative promoted by UNESCO Charter of Sound 39C/59 2017: “The Importance
of Sound in Today’s World: Promoting Best Practices”. It consists of coordinated activities on regional, national, and international levels,
organized by the International Commission for Acoustics. These activities aim to stimulate the understanding of the importance of
sound in all aspects of our society throughout the world. In this paper, the aim of the International Year of Sound is described, together
with the organization of activities and planned initiatives. Despite the pandemic context has caused the rescheduling of most of the
events, the International Year of Sound has been going on, thanks to the awareness-raising projects of the National Commissions for
Acoustics. A particular focus on “My world of sounds”, the International Competition for students, has been done. As a matter of fact, it
has been observed that the awareness of younger generations plays a crucial role in the spread of correct acoustic behaviours.
THE MONITORING OF THE LIQUID-GAS MIXTURE PARAMETERS BY THE PASSIVE ACOUSTIC METHOD
Authors: Gavrilev Stepan , Ivanov Mikhail , Totunov Semen
Published: May 2021

The considers the actual problem of determining the dispersed composition of the gas phase in a liquid medium. The work
uses a passive acoustic method based on the interaction between the vibration frequency of bubbles and their size. On the experimental
setup, acoustic waves emitted by air bubbles in water were recorded using a hydrophone. The sizes of the bubbles were determined
by the spectra of the recorded signal. In the course of the experiments, the bubble radius was varied from 1.7 to 2.4 mm. The spectrogram
of the signal was used to estimate the intensity of the release of bubbles in the volume of the experimental apparatus. Using the
technique of synchronous filming, a video recording of the process of bubbles allocation at the apparatus was made. The analysis of
the recorded video showed the correspondence of the determination of the parameters of the liquid-gas mixture. There are proposed
various application scenarios of the passive acoustic method in the oil and gas industry.
VIBRATION-ISOLATING BALL-TYPE CLUTCH AS A SOURCE OF INCREASED VIBRATION ACTIVITY IN THE SYSTEM: AMORTIZED MECHANISM – SHAFT LINE
Authors: Kudryavtseva Irina , Rykov Sergey A. , Rykov Sergey V.
Published: May 2021

The results of experimental studies of vibration activity of a vibration-insulating ball-type clutch installed on a shaft line are
presented. These studies were made on the test stand. It is shown that, depending on the value of the shaft line fracture, the vibration
activity of the ball-type clutch can increase in a wide frequency range up to 30 dB. The diagnostic features of the ball-type clutch which
allow estimating its vibration activity have been identified on the basis of the analysis of experimental data.
FERROELECTRICS IN ACOUSTOELECTRONICS
Authors: Patrusheva Tamara , Petrov Sergey , Drozdova Ludmila , Shashurin Aleksandr
Published: May 2021

Аcoustoelectronics is one of the areas of acoustics, associated with the use of mechanical resonance effects and the piezoelectric
effect, as well as the effect based on the interaction of electric fields with waves of acoustic stresses in a piezoelectric material.
The main materials used in acoustoelectronics are ferroelectrics, which are mainly complex oxide materials. This article discusses the
possibility of increasing the purity and homogeneity of ferroelectric materials, as well as softening the regimes of their synthesis using
the solution extraction-pyrolytic method. It is shown that the synthesis temperatures of BaTiO3, SrTiO3, and Pb(Zr)TiO3 ferroelectric
films are reduced to 550-600°C, and the synthesis time is down to 5-10 minutes. The dielectric constant and Curie temperature values
correspond to the maximum characteristics for these materials. Thus, using the extraction-pyrolytic method we obtained suitable for
use in acoustoelectronic technology ferroelectric films.
INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO DESIGN OF PROTECTIVE NOISE CABINS BY APPLYING WALL MATERIALS
Authors: Tyurin Alexander , Myshinsky Ernst
Published: May 2021

The paper presents a practical solution for designing a protective noise cabin using wall materials and a mobile access application.
Due to the current wide-spread demand for small-sized benchtop tools intended for domestic purposes, the development
of group protective equipment for their upgrade, operation, and application becomes urgent. The presence of adjacent living rooms
when organizing the working space at the stage of set-up works raises the issue of meeting the requirements of sanitary standards
concerning noise. The concept of designing a cabin with a sufficient level of noise insulation is implemented by the example of the most
unaffected soundproof cabin made of purest wall materials. Processing of results on the average value of sound pressure levels and indeterminacy
of measurements is carried out using the developed mobile accessed application. It has been determined that the sound
level (dBA) is increased with the increase of the rotational frequency. The achieved maximum level of the sound outside the protective
noise cabin of 73.6 dBA at the standard mode of equipment operation is lower than the regulated
NOISE-ABSORBING ACOUSTIC SCREEN BASED ON A HELMHOLTZ RESONATOR
Authors: Bulkin Vladislav , Kalinichenko Marina
Published: May 2021

The paper aims at studying the noise protection potential of an acoustic screen based on a Helmholtz resonator to solve the
problem of noise reduction level in the area in front of the screen. For experimental analysis, a modular acoustic screen has been made.
Replaceable modules are made on the basis of a wooden frame with stiffening ribs, one side of the module is blind, another has slotted
holes, which ensures the formation of noise absorbers on a Helmholtz resonator principle. Changing the position of the modules in the
support racks provides the ability to change the screen reflexive surface nature. The main problem solved in this work is to experimentally
determine the decrease magnitude in the sound pressure level in the area in front of the screen. The results of sound pressure level
measurements at various frequencies are provided, the comparison of the reflected noise obtained values with the results obtained
in the sound pressure level analysis in the case of a solid screen is given. The coincidence of the calculated values of the active sound
absorption frequencies with the measured values is shown. It is concluded that there is a possibility to solve the nose reduction level
problem when using such screens in areas where people can be.
INTELLIGENCE CONTROL ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEW BASED ON UTILITY AND BEHAVIOR TREE
Authors: Донских А.К. , Барабанов В.Ф. , Гребенникова Н.И. , Белых М.А.
Published: May 2021

Проектирование искусственного интеллекта (ИИ) является необходимым процессом в разработке практически любой интерактивной системы моделирования. Если системы проектирования FSM или Behavior Tree не вызывают вопросов, то с Utility AI все сложнее. Предложено единое средство для проектирования как Behavior Tree, так и Utility-based AI. Предлагается вариант системы для проектирования как Behavior Tree AI, так и для Utility AI. Предложено несколько способов проектирования Utility AI (визуальное проектирование, текстовое описание, создание системы на языке программирования), представлены их преимущества и недостатки. Рассмотрен более предпочтительный вариант для разработчика - с визуальным проектированием - система Utility AI, состоящая из набора узлов: Data Source (DS), Scorer, Action. Отмечено, что за проектирование и работу ИИ отвечают две разные системы. Первая система проектирования является самой простой. Вторая, более важная и более сложная система, - это работающий в реальном времени контроллер. Рассмотрены упрощенные алгоритмы для контроллеров Behavior Tree и Utility AI. Использование контроллеров скажется положительным образом на повышении удобства и производительности дизайнера искусственного интеллекта

Designing artificial intelligence (AI) is a necessary process in the development of practically any interactive modeling system. The FSM or Behavior Tree design systems do not cause questions but everything is more complicated with Utility AI. We propose a single means for designing both Behavior Tree and Utility-Based AI. The article proposes a version of the system for designing both Behavior Tree AI and Utility AI. We give several ways of designing Utility AI (visual design, text description, creating a system in programming language), we considered their advantages and disadvantages. We considered a more preferred option for the developer - with visual design - Utility AI system consisting of a set of nodes: DataSource (DS), Scorer, Action. It is noted that two different systems are responsible for the design and operation of AI. The first design system is the simplest. The second, more important and more complex system is a real-time controller. We considered simplified algorithms for Behavior Tree and Utility AI controllers. The use of controllers will affect a positive way to improve the convenience and performance of an artificial intelligence designer
SWITCHING SCANNING ANTENNA SYSTEM BASED ON A FLAT LUNEBERG LENS WITH CONCENTRIC RINGS
Authors: Ашихмин А.В. , Пастернак Ю.Г. , Пендюрин В.А. , Сафонов Ф.С.
Published: May 2021

Антенные системы с возможностью широкоугольного сканирования довольно часто используются в современных системах беспроводной связи и радиолокационных системах гражданского и военного назначения. Особое внимание привлекли Smart-антенны (антенны с коммутируемым лучом и адаптивные антенные системы), а также фазированные антенные решетки (ФАР). В работе рассмотрен вариант построения ФАР с коммутационным сканированием с диаграммообразующей схемой в виде плоской линзы Люнеберга, состоящей из системы концентрических диэлектрических колец, размещенных на подложке из материала Rogers 5880. Исследованы влияние кронштейна крепления для ФАР на диаграмму направленности, уровень излучения, снижение коэффициента направленного действия и уровня сектора сканирования в азимутальной плоскости. Максимальный диаметр ФАР 160 мм, полная высота такой антенны получилась 38 мм. Запитка осуществляется при помощи коаксиальных кабелей с волновым сопротивлением 50 Ом. Диаметр самой линзы Люнеберга был выбран 80 мм; полная высота линзы мм. Подложка имеет толщину мм, склеенная слоем клея толщиной 0.025 мм. Концентрические кольца на этой подложке имеют высоту 0.787 мм. Минимальная ширина концентрического кольца (внешнего) мм (при резке УФ лазером минимальная ширина перегородки между отверстиями равна 0.05 мм). Полосковые трансформаторы расположены на плате из материала Rogers 5880 и имеют толщину равную мм

Scanning antennas with wide-angle scanning capabilities are widely used in the areas such as modern wireless communications and military and civilian radars. Among them, lens antennas with switched beams and phased array antennas (PHAR) attracted considerable attention. In this paper, we consider a variant of the construction of switching scanning PHAR with a diagram-forming scheme in the form of a flat Luneberg lens consisting of a system of concentric dielectric rings placed on a substrate made of Rogers 5880 material. We studied the effect of the PHAR mounting bracket on the presence of its influence on the radiation pattern, the radiation level, the decrease in the directional coefficient, and the level of the scanning sector in the azimuth plane. The maximum diameter of the PHAR is 160 mm, the full height of this antenna is 38 mm. The power supply is carried out using coaxial cables with a wave resistance of 50 Ohms. The diameter of the Luneberg lens itself was chosen 80 mm; the full height of the lens is H =0.939 mm. The substrate has a thickness of t =0.127 mm, glued with a layer of glue, 0.025 mm thick. The concentric rings on this substrate are 0.787 mm high. Minimum width of the concentric ring (external) d - W =0.25 mm (when cutting with a UV laser, the minimum width of the partition between the holes is 0.05 mm). Strip transformers are located on the board made of Rogers 5880 material and have a thickness of H =0.939 mm
METHOD FOR NONLINEARITY MINIMIZATION OF MULTIPLYING DIGITAL-TO-ANALOG CONVERTER BY LOW RESOLUTION CALIBRATION CONVERTER
Authors: Калиниченко С.В. , Балашов Ю.С. , Харин Д.Г. , Шнайдер А.С.
Published: May 2021

Представлен метод минимизации нелинейности передаточной характеристики прецизионного умножающего цифро-аналогового преобразователя (ЦАП) с помощью вспомогательного корректирующего ЦАП малой разрядности. В данном методе вспомогательный ЦАП формирует искаженную передаточную характеристику, которая в сумме с передаточной характеристикой основного ЦАП позволяет уменьшить результирующую интегральную и дифференциальную нелинейность. Коэффициенты коррекции, рассчитанные согласно представленному в статье алгоритму, однократно записываются в энергонезависимую память и преобразуются в управляющий сигнал для калибрующего ЦАП с помощью арифметико-логического устройства (АЛУ) в зависимости от входных данных. Для проведения экспериментальных исследований был разработан макет системы калибровки на основе программируемой логической интегральной схемы (ПЛИС) и демонстрационной платы с микросхемой двухканального 16-разрядного ЦАП с сегментированной структурой. Представлены экспериментальные результаты, которые показывают, что в данной системе коррекции собственная нелинейность калибрующего ЦАП не оказывает существенного влияния на итоговую передаточную характеристику. Приведенный алгоритм расчета коэффициентов позволяет эффективно уменьшить абсолютную интегральную и дифференциальную нелинейность 16-разрядного ЦАП до значений менее 1 единицы веса младшего разряда (ЕМР)

In this paper, we present a method for nonlinearity minimization of precision multiplying digital-to-analog converter (DAC) by utilizing low resolution calibration DAC. In this method the calibration DAC generates distorted transfer characteristic which is added to the main DAC characteristic and provides resulting integral and differential nonlinearity reduction. The calibration coefficients are calculated following the presented algorithm and saved in nonvolatile memory and then are converted to controlling digital code of calibration DAC by arithmetical-logical unit (ALU) depending on input data. For experimental research we designed a model of calibration system based on field programmable gate array (FPGA) and a demo board with dual 16-bit segmented DAC. Then we give experimental results which show that inherent nonlinearity of calibration DAC does not significantly affect overall nonlinearity. The proposed calculation algorithm obtains effective integral and differential nonlinearity minimization of 16-bit DAC down to values of less than one least significant bit (LSB)
THE ROLE OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN INDIAN BANKING COMPANIES
Authors: Dr.K.Thirumamagal
Published: May 2021

The process of liberalization and deregulation was unleashed by the new economic policy of the Government of India during 1991. Reforms in financial sector opened the doors to the private sector Banks in the country and it paved way for the new generation banks. Customers welcomed these financial institutions and they were awaiting for this opportunity to make themselves comfortable with the services provided by private sector banks after experiencing poor services from Nationalized Banks. The unethical practices and increased corruption kept the management of different organization to fleece their customers which in turn resulted in the closing down of some big companies. The need of Corporate Governance was felt during the securities scam of Harshad Mehta’s in April 1992 involving a large number of banks and it resulted a drastic change for the first time in stock market that shook the confidence of investors. The practices of the Corporate Governance has to be constantly evaluated because of the uncertain and complex business environment in India.
KEY WORDS: Banking Companies, Fraud, Scams, Corporate Governance
PEMAHAMAN KONSEP SISWA MENGGUNAKAN INKUIRI TERBIMBING DENGAN MODEL SAVI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR PPKnSISWA
Authors: Menaka I Gusti Ayu
Published: May 2021

Data yang masih rendah pada siswa kelas VIII E di SMP Negeri 3 Semarapura menuntun peneliti untuk melakukan penelitian tindakan, mengingat penelitian dilakukan di kelas maka penelitian ini disebut penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan prestasi belajar PPKn siswa. Dalam pelaksanaannya di lapangan, peneliti memberikan tahapan berupa siklus yang masing-masing tediri dari tahap perencanaan, tahap pelaksanaan, tahap observasi/pengumpulan data diakhiri dengan tahap refleksi yang termasuk melakukan analisis terhadap data yang sudah diperoleh. Setelah data dikumpulkan melalui tes dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif diperoleh peningkatan hasil yang sesuai harapan tujuan penelitian ini. Data tersebut adalah peningkatan yang terjadi dari awal dimana peserta didik baru mampu mencapai ketuntasan belajar 23,33% dengan rata-rata kelas 62,67 dan pada siklus I telah meningkat ketuntasan belajar menjadi 60% dengan rata-rata kelas 72,17 dan pada siklus II sudah meningkat sesuai harapan yaitu ketuntasan mereka sudah mencapai 90% dengan rata-rata kelas 81,00. Sedangkan indikator keberhasilan penelitian pada siklus II membuat agar prosentase ketuntasan belajar mereka mencapai minimal 85% dengan rata-rata kelas 75,00. Sedangkan data yang diperoleh sudah melebihi indikator tersebut. Oleh karenanya peneliti berkesimpulan bahwa penerapan inkuiri terbimbing dengan model SAVIdalam proses belajar mengajar mampu meningkatan belajar siswa.
SIKAP BELAJAR DAN KEMAHIRAN BAHASA INGGRIS KARYAWAN MEXICOLA MELALUI PELATIHAN BERBASIS PELIBATAN TERINTEGRASI
Authors: Wardana I Ketut , Astuti Putu Sri
Published: May 2021

Penelitian yang mengamati kondisi ketrampilan  berbahasa Inggris siswa dalam pendidikan formal telah banyak dilakukan, namun  penelitian yang memfokuskan pada pelatihan komunikasi bahasa Inggris untuk pendidikan informal belum menjadi prioritas. Sehingga, fenomena sumber daya linguistik dan ketrampilan bahasa Inggris masyarakat luar sekolah seharusnya terangkat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi awal dan perubahan sikap dan ketrampilan bahasa Inggris karyawan restoran melalui metode  pelatihan berbasis pelibatan terintegrasi. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan tindakan berbasis fenomenologi. Sumber data berupa hasil pelatihan dan pengamatan sikap bahasa 38 karyawan Motel Mexucola. Data dikumpulkan melalui metode pengamatan dengan teknik libat cakap dan catat.melalui tes, wawancara, dan kuesioner. Terdapat tiga tahapan analisis, yaitu kondisi awal, pengembangan, dan kemahiran. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya perubahan sikap belajar karyawan Mexicola selama pelatihan berbasis pelibatan terintegrasi, yaitu lebih aktif, kooperatif, dan bertanggungjawab dalam menyelesaikan tugas. Sikap belajar ini berbanding lurus dengan peningkatan kemampuan  ketrampilan bahasa Inggris karyawan dengan tingkat ketuntasan 81%. Ini membuktikan pembelajaran dengan pelibatan terintergrasi antara sikap dan pengetahuan, dan antara hasil pelatihan dengan penerapan langsung dilingkungan kerja telah membentuk pembiasaan penggunaan bahasa fungsional. Hasil pelatihan ini telah membantu karyawan Mexicola dalam peningkatan kualitas komunikasi bahasa Inggris sehingga berdampak pada kuantitas kunjungan wisatawan ke restoran ini
Robinson in England: A Conversation with Patrick Keiller
Authors: Piskorz Artur
Published: May 2021

Patrick Keiller, a British artist and filmmaker, made five short films and three film essays: London (1994), Robinson in Space (1997) and Robinson in Ruins (2010). The main characters of the latter works are Robinson and his nameless companion – the narrator. They set off on a series of journeys to places nearly completely devoid of human presence or activity, investigating their semantic and myth-making potential. Keiller’s film essays are multi-layered narratives exploring, among others, such issues as the production of space, the functioning of memory, and the feeling of nostalgia. “Drifting”, understood as a game of spatial and verbal associations, reveals Keiller’s fascination with architecture, which is filmed in an innovative way. The contribution is a record of two interviews with Patrick Keiller, made in Oxford in September 2018 and 2019.
Co się wydarzyło w Brighton
Authors: Zwierzchowski Piotr
Published: May 2021

Michał Pabiś-Orzeszyna w książce Zwrot historyczny w badaniach filmoznawczych (2020) opisuje bardzo szczegółowo i precyzyjnie historie (w liczbie mnogiej) tytułowego zjawiska. Pokazuje towarzyszące mu inspiracje i metodologie, sytuuje je w różnych kontekstach, następnie poddaje wnikliwej krytyce, rekonstruując również spory między przedstawicielami – wydawałoby się – tego samego nurtu. Otrzymujemy nader kompetentny, starannie przemyślany przewodnik po Nowej Historii Kina/Nowej Historii Filmu, wdzierający się pod powierzchowne i unifikujące odczytania. Autor ma jednak większe ambicje niż tylko przedstawienie zwrotu historycznego w badaniach filmoznawczych. Jeśli przybliża czytelnikowi wspomniane spory o to, jak pisać o wczesnym kinie, czyni z tego punkt wyjścia do refleksji nad zagadnieniem bardziej fundamentalnym. Jego książka stanowi bowiem również głos w refleksji nad metodologią i samoświadomością humanistyki.
Od redakcji
Authors: Kosińska Karolina
Published: May 2021

Wprowadzenie do tematyki numeru.
Pani Profesor
Authors: Rutkowska Teresa
Published: May 2021

Wspomnienie o Profesor Alicji Helman (1935-2021).
The Děčín District and Bohemian Switzerland
Authors: Král Václav
Published: May 2021

The most attractive natural apart of the Děčín District - the picturesque rocky formations commonly called Bohemian Switzerland - is in the focus of this article. Bohemian Switzerland is a part of the area named Saxonian Switzerland most of which belongs to the neighbouring Germany. Since first tourist came there from Dresden as early as in the end of the 18th century, this is one of the oldest tourist areas in Bohemia. Today Bohemian Switzerland enjoys the status of a protected area and establishing of a new national park is under preparation.
The Elbe Sandstones Area from the View-point of a Protecting of Nature
Authors: Benda Pavel , Marek Jiří
Published: May 2021

The Elbe Sandstones Area is situated on the borders of two countries: the Czech Republic and Germany. In 1972, the land on the Czech side was proclaimed the Protected Landscape Area (PLA) Elbe Sandstones. It has an area of about 320 square kilometres. Part of this land will become a national park. It will link the already renowned PLA Elbe Sandstones (also known as Bohemian Switzerland) with the National Park Saxonian Switzerland on neighbouring Germany. This unique erosional landscape was formed when Tertiary basalts disrupted and invaded the existing Cretaceous sandstone sedimentary rock. There are interesting occurrences of plants and animals including certain types of endemics and rare species. The headquarters of the PLA in the town of Děčín includes the state administration, the various specialists, environmental educators, public relation personnel and ranger services. The biggest problems in the PLA are intensive forestry practices, rock-climbing, unregulated camping, and Elbe River quality and cleanliness.
Existence results for three-point boundary value problems for systems of linear functional differential equations
Authors:   INSTITUTE OF MATHEMATICS ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF CZECH REPUBLIC ZIZKOVA  22, CZ-616 62, BRNO, CZECH REPUBLIC E-mail address: ronto@math.cas.cz, RONTO A. , RONTO M. ,   INSTITUTE OF MATHEMATICS ACAEMY OF SCIENCES OF CZECH REPUBLIC ZIZKOVA  22, CZ-616 62, BRNO, CZECH REPUBLIC E-mail address: matronto@gold.uni-miskolc.hu
Published: May 2021

Conditions guaranteeing the solvability of certain three-point boundary value problems for a system of linear functional differential equations are obtained by using a special successive approximation scheme. We also establish some conditions necessary for a certain set belonging to the domain of the space variables to contain a point determining the initial value of the solution. An algorithm for selecting such points is also indicated.
New models of the generalized fixed-charge network design problem
Authors:   DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE NORTH UNIVERSITY OF BAIA MARE VICTORIEI 76, 430122 BAIA MARE, ROMANIA E-mail address: petrica.pop@ubm.ro, POP PETRICA C. , POP SITAR CORINA ,   FELLOW OF ROMANIAN ACADEMY IASI BRANCH, ROMANIA E-mail address: sitarcorina@yahoo.com
Published: May 2021

We consider in this paper the generalized fixed-charge network design (GFCND) problem in which we are interested to find the cheapest backbone network connecting exactly one hub from each of the given clusters. The GFCND problem belongs to the class of generalized combinatorial optimization problems. We describe two mixed integer programming formulations of the GFCND problem. Based on one of the new proposed formulations, we solve the GFCND problem to optimality using CPLEX for problems with up to 30 clusters and 200 nodes. Computational results are reported and compared with those from the literature.