bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Applications of Mass Spectrometry Techniques in the Investigation of Milk Proteome
Authors: Cunsolo Vincenzo , Muccilli Vera , Saletti Rosaria , Foti Salvatore
Published: October 2011

The introduction of “soft” desorption/ionization methods such as electrospray ionization and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization has determined a breakthrough in the application of mass spectrometry to the structural analysis of proteins. The contemporary advancement of bioinformatics, together with the possibility to combine these mass spectrometric methods with electrophoretic or chromatographic separation techniques has opened up the new field of proteome analysis and, more generally, has established these approaches as indispensable tools for protein and peptide analysis in complex mixtures, such as milk and milk-derived foods. Here, a necessarily not exhaustive series of current applications of mass spectrometry-based techniques for the characterization of milk proteins will be summarized. These include the characterization of milk protein polymorphism, determination of the structural modifications induced on milk proteins by industrial processes, investigation of milk adulterations and characterization of milk allergens.
Use of CT-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy in epidermal growth factor receptor mutation analysis in patients with advanced lung cancer
Authors: Zhuang Yi-Ping , Wang Hai-Yan , Shi Mei-Qi , Zhang Jin , Feng Yong
Published: October 2011

Background

The safety of using a cutting needle when performing a core-needle biopsy is of major concern, in particular for small lung tumors or tumors near the hilum.

Purpose

To investigate the usefulness of CT-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of the lung in obtaining tumor tissue for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation analysis in advanced lung cancer patients.

Material and Methods

Forty-three patients with stage IIIB–IV lung cancer were enrolled. In all patients, CT-guided FNAB was performed using an 18-gauge or 20-gauge Chiba aspiration needle for histology diagnosis and EGFR mutation analysis. Complications associated with CT-guided FNAB were observed, and the specimen mutational assessments were recorded.

Results

The obtained tumor samples ranged from 0.5–1.5 cm in length and were adequate for histological and DNA analyses in all patients. No patient had a pneumothorax or hemoptysis. Minor needle tract bleeding appeared in eight patients. Mutation analysis was satisfactorily demonstrated in 23 mutations and 20 non-mutations. Ten and 13 mutations were identified by 18-gauge and 20-gauge needle biopsies, respectively. EFGR mutations, including 12 cases of EGFR exon 19 deletion and 11 cases of exon 21 point mutation, were present in 21 patients with adenocarcinomas, one with squamous cell carcinoma, and one with undifferentiated carcinoma.

Conclusion

CT-guided FNAB is a feasible and safe technique for obtaining lung tumor tissues for EGFR gene mutation analysis.
Dividing a Territory Among Several Vehicles
Authors: Carlsson John Gunnar
Published: October 2011

We consider an uncapacitated stochastic vehicle routing problem in which vehicle depot locations are fixed, and client locations in a service region are unknown but are assumed to be independent and identically distributed samples from a given probability density function. We present an algorithm for partitioning the service region into subregions so as to balance the workloads of all vehicles when the service region is simply connected and point-to-point distances follow some “natural” metric, such as any Lp norm. This algorithm can also be applied to load balancing of other combinatorial structures, such as minimum spanning trees and minimum matchings.
Marketing Complex Financial Products in Emerging Markets: Evidence from Rainfall Insurance in India
Authors: Gaurav Sarthak , Cole Shawn , Tobacman Jeremy
Published: October 2011

Recent financial liberalization in emerging economies has led to the rapid introduction of new financial products. Lack of experience with financial products, low levels of education, and low financial literacy may slow adoption of these products. This article reports on a field experiment that offered an innovative new financial product, rainfall insurance, to 600 small-scale farmers in India. A customized financial literacy and insurance education module communicating the need for personal financial management and the usefulness of formal hedging of agricultural production risks was offered to randomly selected farmers in Gujarat, India. The authors evaluate the effect of the financial literacy training and three marketing treatments using a randomized controlled trial. Financial education has a positive and significant effect on rainfall insurance adoption, increasing take-up from 8% to 16%. Only one marketing intervention, the money-back guarantee, has a consistent and large effect on farmers’ purchase decisions. This guarantee, comparable to a price reduction of approximately 40%, increases demand by seven percentage points.
Are Consumers Too Trusting? The Effects of Relationships with Expert Advisers
Authors: Schwartz Janet , Luce Mary Frances , Ariely Dan
Published: October 2011

Many important and complex consumer decisions rely on the advice of trusted professional experts. Many experts, however, such as doctors, financial advisers, and accountants, may be prone to conflicts of interest. As such, consumers may seek a second opinion. A series of studies investigate consumers’ reluctance to seek additional advice in the context of having an ongoing relationship with one expert service provider. The authors find evidence in health care claims that long-term relationships contribute to more expensive, but not necessarily better, treatment. In addition, a series of experiments show that people recognize when they could benefit from a second opinion but are more reluctant to do so when thinking about their own providers rather than someone else's. Further studies test a relationship maintenance hypothesis and show that consumers’ reluctance to seek second opinions is partially driven by their motivation to preserve relationship harmony, even when it is at their own personal expense and well-being. Taken together, these results provide important insight into the potential limitations and consequences of longstanding relationships between consumers and experts.
Leave Home without it? The Effects of Credit Card Debt and Available Credit on Spending
Authors: Wilcox Keith , Block Lauren G. , Eisenstein Eric M.
Published: October 2011

This research examines how credit card debt affects consumer spending. In five experimental and field studies, the authors demonstrate that outstanding credit card debt increases spending for consumers with high self-control. They also show that this effect can be eliminated by increasing the available credit on the credit card. Thus, when the available credit is low, consumers with greater self-control increase spending, but when the available credit is high, they reduce spending. The results extend the literature on goal violation and self-control and offer insights into consumer decision making and consumption patterns under conditions of debt.
The fundamental group of a quotient of a product of curves
Authors: Dedieu Thomas , Perroni Fabio
Published: October 2011

We prove a structure theorem for the fundamental group of the quotient of a product of curves by the action of a finite group and, hence, for that of any resolution of the singularities of .
Characteristics of poly(lactic acid) reinforced composites with waste cotton
Authors: Zhang Xiuju , Shen Juncai , Yang Tingting , Ye Bihua , Lin Zhidan , Tan Shaozao
Published: October 2011

In this study, waste cotton cloth (RC) was bonded with soluble starches as an adhesive, then dried, cut into particles and filled into polylactic acid (PLA) to achieve resource efficiency. The mechanical, thermal and crystallization properties of the composites were characterized. The results indicated that with the addition of RC, the tensile strength, impact strength and flexural strength of PLA composites improved. Also, the heat distortion temperatures increased slowly, indicating that RC filled into PLA can be turned back into useful items without the degradation of PLA composites. This is a good way to give direction to the resource utilization of waste clothing. The addition of RC could significantly reduce the spherulitic size of PLA.
Melt temperature dynamic control strategy of injection molding machine based on variable structure control and iterative learning control
Authors: Peng Yonggang , Wei Wei
Published: October 2011

Melt temperature in the injection molding process directly affects the quality of the molded plastic product. The injection molding process is a periodic dynamic process. Many factors affect the barrel melt temperature, so precise control of the melt temperature is difficult. This paper introduces this industrial problem and presents a combined strategy using a feedback controller and an iterative learning controller to resolve the problem. Results show that this method has a high dynamic control accuracy and improves molded part mass repeat accuracy.
Layer Growth Kinetics during Post-Discharge Nitriding
Authors: Oseguera Joaquin , Castillo Francisco
Published: October 2011

A mathematical simulation of the evolution of nitrogen concentration profiles in iron samples is presented. The nitrogen concentration profiles are produced by a nitrogen microwave post-discharge. This mathematical model takes into account the nitrogen concentration evolution from the very beginning of the process and describes the formation and growth of compact nitride layers. This model also proposes a description of how the solubility limits in each growing phase are attained during the layer formation. An approximate analytical solution of Goodman’s type for the model is sought. This leads to a system of differential algebraic equations (DAE). Then, the DAE is finally numerically solved. The steady state of the process is also studied within the model. In this case, analytical representations of the nitrogen concentration profiles and the diffusion coefficients are found
Pitfalls in the diagnosis of thyroid dysgenesis by thyroid ultrasonography and scintigraphy
Authors: Karakoc-Aydiner Elif , Turan Serap , Akpinar Ihsan , Dede Fuat , Isguven Pinar , Adal Erdal , Guran Tulay , Akcay Teoman , Bereket Abdullah
Published: October 2011

Objectives

We aimed to investigate the reliability of thyroid ultrasonography (US) and scintigraphy in determining the type of thyroid dysgenesis (TD).

Methods

The study included 82 children (8.0±5.6 years) with a diagnosis of TD by thyroid scintigraphy with 99mTc and/or US. The patients were re-evaluated 6.0±5.1 years after the diagnosis. Thyroid US was performed in all cases, regardless of the previous US imaging. Scintigraphy images performed at the time of diagnoses (n=60) were re-evaluated during the study. Those who had no scintigraphy at the time of diagnosis (n=22) or had discordant findings with US (n=6) underwent a new scintigraphy.

Results

Scintigraphies revealed no uptake in 37, ectopia in 35, and hypoplasia in 10 cases. The sensitivity vs specificity for US to detect athyreosis, ectopia, and hypoplasia at the time of initial diagnoses was 90.5 vs 47.8, 10 vs 100, and 100 vs 80.4% respectively. The sensitivity vs specificity for scintigraphy at the time of initial diagnoses was 96.2 vs 100, 92 vs 97.1, and 100 vs 96%, respectively, for each diagnosis. Re-scintigraphy at the time of the study led to a change in the initial diagnosis of 3/6 cases. Repeated US showed disappearance of previously reported hypoplastic thyroid tissues in eight patients.

Conclusion

US alone could not differentiate ectopia and athyreosis, whereas scintigraphy alone is also prone to mistakes in newborns and young ages. Dual thyroid imaging is important for precise structural definition of TD.
Nuclear medicine techniques for the imaging and treatment of neuroendocrine tumours
Authors: Teunissen Jaap J M , Kwekkeboom Dik J , Valkema R , Krenning Eric P
Published: October 2011

Nuclear medicine plays a pivotal role in the imaging and treatment of neuroendocrine tumours (NETs). Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS) with [111In-DTPA0]octreotide has proven its role in the diagnosis and staging of gastroenteropancreatic NETs (GEP-NETs). New techniques in somatostatin receptor imaging include the use of different radiolabelled somatostatin analogues with higher affinity and different affinity profiles to the somatostatin receptor subtypes. Most of these analogues can also be labelled with positron-emitting radionuclides that are being used in positron emission tomography imaging. The latter imaging modality, especially in the combination with computed tomography, is of interest because of encouraging results in terms of improved imaging quality and detection capabilities. Considerable advances have been made in the imaging of NETs, but to find the ideal imaging method with increased sensitivity and better topographic localisation of the primary and metastatic disease remains the ultimate goal of research. This review provides an overview of the currently used imaging modalities and ongoing developments in the imaging of NETs, with the emphasis on nuclear medicine and puts them in perspective of clinical practice. The advantage of SRS over other imaging modalities in GEP-NETs is that it can be used to select patients with sufficient uptake for treatment with radiolabelled somatostatin analogues. Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) is a promising new tool in the management of patients with inoperable or metastasised NETs as it can induce symptomatic improvement with all Indium-111, Yttrium-90 or Lutetium-177-labelled somatostatin analogues. The results that were obtained with [90Y-DOTA0,Tyr3]octreotide and [177Lu-DOTA0,Tyr3]octreotate are even more encouraging in terms of objective tumour responses with tumour regression and documented prolonged time to progression. In the largest group of patients receiving PRRT, treated with [177Lu-DOTA0,Tyr3]octreotate, a survival benefit of several years compared with historical controls has been reported.
Childhood General Mental Ability and Midlife Psychosocial Work Characteristics as Related to Mental Distress, Neck/Shoulder Pain and Self‐rated Health in Working Women and Men
Authors: Wulff Cornelia , Lindfors Petra , Sverke Magnus
Published: October 2011

Childhood General Mental Ability and Midlife Psychosocial Work Characteristics as Related to Mental Distress, Neck/Shoulder Pain and Self‐rated Health in Working Women and Men: Cornelia Wulff, et al. Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden—Psychosocial work characteristics including high demands, lack of control and poor social support have consistently been linked to poor health as has poor general mental ability (GMA). However, less is known about the relationships between stable individual factors such as GMA, psychosocial work characteristics and health.

Objective

The present study investigated how childhood mental ability and psychosocial work characteristics relate to health in terms of mental distress, neck/shoulder pain (NSP) and self‐rated health (SRH).

Methods

Data on childhood GMA, occupational level, self‐reports of demands, control and social support and health (mental distress, NSP and SRH) in midlife came from working women (n=271) and men (n=291) included in a Swedish school cohort. Hierarchical regression analyses, controlling for occupational level, were used to examine associations between childhood GMA, self‐reports of high demands, low control and poor social support and the three health indicators. Taking into consideration the gendered labor market and variations in health patterns between women and men, gender specific analyses were performed.

Results

There were no significant associations between childhood GMA and health indicators. Further, there were no significant interactions between GMA and psychosocial work factors. As regards the strength of the associations between GMA, psychosocial work factors and health, no consistent differences emerged between women and men.

Conclusions

In a cohort of healthy and working middle‐aged women and men, self‐reports of current psychosocial work characteristics seem to be more strongly linked to health, than are stable childhood factors such as GMA.
Prevalence of Physical Health Problems Among Youth Entering Residential Treatment
Authors: Nelson Timothy D. , Smith Tori R. , Thompson Ronald W. , Epstein Michael H. , Griffith Annette K. , Hurley Kristin Duppong , Tonniges Thomas F.
Published: October 2011

OBJECTIVE:

To examine the prevalence of physical health problems among youth entering residential treatment.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

The sample included 1744 youth (mean age: 14.6 ± 1.8 years) entering a large residential treatment program between 2000 and 2010. Youth received an intake medical evaluation, including a review of available records, detailed medical history, and physical examination. Medical conditions present at the time of the evaluation were recorded by the examining physician and later coded by the research team. Only diagnoses recognized by the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, were included in the analyses. To maintain the focus on physical health problems, behavioral and emotional disorders listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision were excluded. Obesity, acne, and allergies were also excluded.

RESULTS:

Approximately one-third (33.7%) of youth had a physical health diagnosis at the time of intake. Asthma was the most prevalent condition diagnosed (15.3% of the sample). Girls were significantly more likely to have a diagnosis than were boys (37.1% vs 31.5%). Age was not associated with diagnostic status. Rates of physical health conditions differed significantly by ethnicity: black (36.4%) and white (35.4%) youth had the highest rates, and Hispanic youth (23.2%) had the lowest.

CONCLUSIONS:

Youth who enter residential treatment have high rates of physical health conditions. These problems could complicate mental health treatment and should be considered in multidisciplinary treatment planning.
Disparities in Provider Elicitation of Parents' Developmental Concerns for US Children
Authors: Guerrero Alma D. , Rodriguez Michael A. , Flores Glenn
Published: October 2011

OBJECTIVE:

To examine factors associated with provider elicitation of parents' developmental concerns among US children.

METHODS:

The 2007 National Survey of Children's Health was used to examine factors associated with parents' reports of provider elicitation of developmental concerns in the previous 12 months. Independent variables included child characteristics, sociodemographic factors, insurance status, and having a medical home.

RESULTS:

One-half of US parents reported provider elicitation of developmental concerns. African-American (41%) and Latino (49% in households with English as the primary language and 33% with a non-English primary language) parents were significantly less likely than white parents (55%) to report elicitation of developmental concerns. With multivariate adjustment, African-American (odds ratio [OR]: 0.67 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.55–0.81]) and Latino (OR: 0.61 [95% CI: 0.44–0.84]) parents, compared with white parents, had significantly lower adjusted odds of provider elicitation of developmental concerns. Lack of insurance (OR: 0.61 [95% CI: 0.44–0.85]) and having a medical home (OR: 1.42 [95% CI: 1.21–1.67]) were associated with elicitation of developmental concerns. Parents of African-American and Latino children who received family-centered care had almost twice the odds of provider elicitation. For Latino parents in households with a non-English primary language, other medical home components, including having a personal provider (OR: 1.51 [95% CI: 1.08–2.11]) and a usual source of care (OR: 1.76 [95% CI: 1.13–2.74]), were significantly associated with elicitation of developmental concerns.

CONCLUSIONS:

Racial/ethnic and linguistic disparities exist in provider elicitation of developmental concerns. Addressing lack of insurance, medical homes, and specific medical-home components might reduce disparities.
Correlates of Objectively Measured Sedentary Behavior in US Preschool Children
Authors: Byun Wonwoo , Dowda Marsha , Pate Russell R.
Published: October 2011

OBJECTIVE:

To identify correlates of objectively measured sedentary behavior in a diverse sample of preschool children.

METHODS:

A total of 331 children (51% male, 51% black) from a wide range of ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds in greater Columbia, South Carolina, were recruited for this study. Sedentary behavior (minutes/hour) was measured by using ActiGraph accelerometers (<37.5 counts per 15 seconds) over a 2-week period. All potential correlates except for anthropometric data of children were measured by a parent survey. Correlation and regression analyses were conducted to examine associations between 29 potential correlates across multiple domains (demographic, biological, psychosocial, behavioral, and physical environmental) and sedentary behavior measured by accelerometry in preschool children.

RESULTS:

Girls spent more time in sedentary behavior than boys (33.2 vs 32.4 minutes/hour; P = .05). Six and 8 potential correlates were found to be significant in univariate analyses for boys and girls, respectively. In the gender-specific final model, for boys, a child's weekday TV/video games and physical activity equipment in the home were significant correlates of sedentary behavior (R2 = 0.091). For girls, BMI z score and child's athletic coordination were significantly associated with sedentary behavior (R2 = 0.069).

CONCLUSION:

Several factors were identified as correlates of objectively measured sedentary behavior in American preschool children. However, there were no common correlates that influenced sedentary behavior for both boys and girls. Future interventions for reducing sedentary behavior could target correlates identified in this study.
Use of an Internet Portal to Improve Community-Based Pediatric ADHD Care: A Cluster Randomized Trial
Authors: Epstein Jeffery N. , Langberg Joshua M. , Lichtenstein Philip K. , Kolb Rebecca , Altaye Mekibib , Simon John O.
Published: October 2011

OBJECTIVE:

To determine the effectiveness of a quality improvement program to improve pediatricians' adherence to existing, evidence-based, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) practice guidelines.

METHODS:

Forty-nine community-based pediatricians at 8 practices participated in a cluster-randomized trial. Practices were matched according to the numbers of pediatricians and the proportions of patients receiving Medicaid. The medical charts for a random sample of patients with ADHD for each of the participating pediatricians were examined at baseline and 6 months. All practices participated in 4 sessions of training, including didactic lectures and office flow modification workshops. Practices were then given access to an ADHD Internet portal that allowed parents, teachers, and pediatricians to input information (eg, rating scales) about patients, after which information was scored, interpreted, and formatted in a report style that was helpful for assessment and treatment of patients with ADHD. Physicians evaluated their practice behaviors quarterly and addressed underperforming areas.

RESULTS:

Pediatricians in the intervention group, compared with those in the control group, demonstrated significantly higher rates of many American Academy of Pediatrics–recommended ADHD care practices, including collection of parent (Cohen's d = 0.69) and teacher (d = 0.68) rating scales for assessment of children with ADHD, use of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, criteria (d = 0.85), and use of teacher rating scales to monitor treatment responses (d = 1.01).

CONCLUSION:

A quality improvement intervention that can be widely disseminated by using Internet-based information technology significantly improved the quality of ADHD care in community-based pediatric settings.
Profanity in Media Associated With Attitudes and Behavior Regarding Profanity Use and Aggression
Authors: Coyne Sarah M. , Stockdale Laura A. , Nelson David A. , Fraser Ashley
Published: October 2011

OBJECTIVE:

We hypothesized that exposure to profanity in media would be directly related to beliefs and behavior regarding profanity and indirectly to aggressive behavior.

METHODS:

We examined these associations among 223 adolescents attending a large Midwestern middle school. Participants completed a number of questionnaires examining their exposure to media, attitudes and behavior regarding profanity, and aggressive behavior.

RESULTS:

Results revealed a positive association between exposure to profanity in multiple forms of media and beliefs about profanity, profanity use, and engagement in physical and relational aggression. Specifically, attitudes toward profanity use mediated the relationship between exposure to profanity in media and subsequent behavior involving profanity use and aggression.

CONCLUSIONS:

The main hypothesis was confirmed, and implications for the rating industry and research field are discussed.
First principles study of defects in solid electrolyte lithium thiophosphate Li7P3S11
Authors: Xiong Ka , Wang Weichao , Pazos Roberto Longo , Cho Kyeongjae
Published: October 2011

We investigate the electronic structure of interstitial Li and Li vacancy in Li7P3S11 by first principles calculations. We find that Li7P3S11 is a good insulator with a wide band gap of 3.5 eV. We find that the Li vacancy and interstitial Li+ ion do not introduce states in the band gap hence they do not deteriorate the electronic properties of Li7P3S11. The calculated formation energies of Li vacancies are much larger than those of Li interstitials, indicating that the ion conductivity may arise from the migration of interstitial Li.
Future Directions for Ion Beam Technology and Research: Forum Report
Authors: Baglin John E.E. , Ila Daryush
Published: October 2011

As an integral part of the Symposium on "Ion Beams - Applications from Nanoscale to Mesoscale" at the MRS Spring 2011 Meeting, participants were invited to join two open “brainstorming” Forum Discussions, intended to highlight opportunities for application of ion beam techniques in advancing the frontiers of materials research and making high impact contributions to solving some of the world’s major issues for the future. Participants were invited to imagine freely how the field might develop (or be steered) in the next 5-10 years, in the light of the current state of the art, and in the light of the emerging needs of the global community.

The resulting ideas and suggestions led to thoughtful discussions, that displayed a remarkable degree of consensus on future directions, opportunities and challenges for the field. This paper attempts to capture and report briefly the spectrum of ideas and the recommended priorities that emerged from the resulting discussions.
Nonlinear quenching rates in SrI2 and CsI scintillator hosts
Authors: Grim Joel Q. , Li Qi , Ucer K.B. , Williams R.T. , Burger A. , Bhattacharya P. , Tupitsyn E. , Bizarri G. A. , Moses W.W.
Published: October 2011

Using 0.5 ps pulses of 5.9 eV light to excite electron-hole concentrations varied up to 2x1020 e-h/cm3 corresponding to energy deposition within electron tracks, we measure dipole-dipole quenching rate constants K2 in SrI2 and CsI. We previously reported determination of K2 directly from the time dependence of quenched STE luminescence in CsI. The nonlinear quenching rate decreases rapidly within a few tens of picoseconds as the host excitation density drops below the Förster threshold. In the present work, we measure the dependence of integrated light yield on excitation density in the activated scintillators SrI2:Eu2+ and CsI:Tl+. The “z-scan” method of yield vs. irradiance is applicable to a wider range of materials, e.g. when the quenching population is not the main light-emitting population. Furthermore, because of using an integrating sphere and photomultiplier for light detection, the signal-to-noise is substantially better than the time-resolved method using a streak camera. As a result, both 2nd and 3rd orders of quenching (dipole-dipole and Auger) can be distinguished. Detailed comparison of SrI2 and CsI is of fundamental importance to help understand why SrI2 achieves substantially better proportionality than CsI in scintillator applications. The laser measurements, in contrast to scintillation, allow evaluating the rate constants of nonlinear quenching in a population which has small enough spatial gradient to suppress the effect of carrier diffusion.
Peculiarities of REBCO Films Growth on Single Crystalline Substrates
Authors: Tretiatchenko Constantin G. , Flis Victor S. , Svetchnikov Vassily L. , Pan Volodymyr M.
Published: October 2011

We suggest a model of mismatched interface and calculate its energy in order to describe formation of threading edge dislocations by the mechanism of rotational relaxation of interface stresses. The model takes into account strongly layered perovskite structure of high-temperature superconductors. We have shown that rotational relaxation occurs due to finite size of clusters and to non-equilibrium effect of the film growth. We have predicted the subgrain size and the expected rotation of domains depending on the lattice mismatch. The computed values are consistent with the observed YBCO film nanostructure.
Implant Installation With Simultaneous Ridge Augmentation. Report of Three Cases
Authors: Park Jun-Beom
Published: October 2011

The anatomic limitations of the residual alveolar bone may cause problems for the insertion of dental implants because implant placement requires an adequate quantity and quality of bone. Ridge augmentation has been performed to reconstruct alveolar ridges as support for the placement of dental implants with a high success rate. However, a staged approach requires multiple surgeries and more treatment time. In this report, the patients were treated with dental implantation with simultaneous ridge augmentation in both submerged and nonsubmerged cases. The prostheses were well in function without any probing depth or gingival inflammation up to final evaluation. It may be suggested that dental implantation with simultaneous bone grafting may be an option when the graft material can be well stabilized around the implants. Further evaluations over long periods of time are needed to monitor the clinical results.
Adubação antecipada na cultura da soja com superfosfato triplo e cloreto de potássio revestidos por polímeros
Authors: Guareschi Roni Fernandes , Gazolla Paulo Roberto , Perin Adriano , Santini José Matheus Kondo
Published: October 2011

Neste trabalho, objetivou-se comparar épocas e doses de aplicação do superfosfato triplo (SFT) cloreto de potássio (KCl) com e sem revestimento por polímero no desempenho produtivo da soja em condições edafoclimáticas de cerrado. O experimento foi realizado em Rio Verde, GO, em um Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 2x2x2+1. O primeiro fator foi constituído pelos fertilizantes SFT e KCl revestidos ou não por polímeros, o segundo por duas doses de fósforo e potássio (40 + 40 e 80 + 80 kg ha-1 P2O5 e K2O), e o terceiro, por duas épocas de aplicação dos fertilizantes (15 dias antes da semeadura e na semeadura). Inclui-se ainda, um tratamento testemunha sem adubação. Foi avaliada a produção de biomassa, a produtividade de grãos e componentes de produtividade. Houve resposta à aplicação da adubação com P e K na produção de massa fresca e produtividade, sendo a ausência de adubação prejudicial ao desenvolvimento da cultura da soja. A aplicação a lanço de superfosfato triplo e cloreto de potássio, revestidos por polímeros 15 dias antes da semeadura, proporcionou maior produção de massa seca, número de vagens por planta e produtividade de grãos de soja em relação aos fertilizantes convencionais. Quando aplicados na semeadura, os fertilizantes convencionais e fertilizantes revestidos por polímeros conferiram a mesma produção de massa seca e produtividade de grãos de soja.
Atividade das enzimas invertases e acúmulo de sacarose em cana-de-açúcar sob efeito do nitrato de potássio, etefon e etil-trinexapac
Authors: Leite Glauber Henrique Pereira , Crusciol Carlos Alexandre Costa , Silva Marcelo de Almeida , Lima Giuseppina Pace Pereira
Published: October 2011

Conduziu-se este trabalho, com o objetivo de avaliar a atividade das enzimas invertases ácida e neutra e sua influência no processo de regulação do acúmulo de sacarose nos colmos da cana-de-açúcar, cultivar RB855453, sob efeito do nitrato de potássio comparado aos maturadores, da classe dos retardantes do crescimento, etefon e etil-trinexapac, buscando contribuir para o entendimento da ação desse composto químico. Os tratamentos constituíram-se da aplicação de quatro maturadores da classe dos retardantes do crescimento, cujos ingredientes ativos são etefon, etil-trinexapac, nitrato de potássio e nitrato de potássio + boro, e a maturação natural como testemunha, em delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados com cinco repetições. Os níveis enzimáticos das invertases ácida e neutra foram afetados de forma e intensidade distintas em função do princípio ativo utilizado como maturador e das condições climáticas; contudo, de forma geral, os níveis da invertase ácida manifestaram-se superiores aos da invertase neutra sem comprometer o acúmulo de sacarose nos colmos da cana-de-açúcar cultivar RB855453. O nitrato de potássio apresentou efeito maturador na cultura da cana-de-açúcar possibilitando o acúmulo de sacarose nos colmos, contudo as condições climáticas afetaram sua eficiência agronômica, tendo em vista que atua como indutor do processo de maturação.
Language Alterations due to Right Hemisphere Lesions
Authors: Leticia Lessa Mansur
Published: October 2011

The role of right hemisphere (RH) in language and communication has been a subject of debate over the last decades. Studies derived from RH lesions and functional neuroimaging in the past years have, nevertheless, shed some light on the multiple roles of the RH in linguistic processing and several aspects of communication in a broader sense. It is now recognized that the RH plays an important role in decoding “non-literal” language, such as emotional prosody, metaphors and figurative language interpretation. However, the RH also plays an important role in discourse elaboration (macrostructure) and pragmatics, as well as in “grasping” the implicit meaning in cases of irony, motivations, and emotional states that are often embedded in daily communication.
Preclinical Formulation in Early Drug Research
Authors: Balazs Ottilia
Published: October 2011

The success of the drug research and development process depends not only on the intrinsic qualities
of the molecules, but also on the way in which these qualities can be revealed. The inherent efficacy of drug
candidates can be manifested if a sufficient drug concentration can be ensured at the site of action. The purpose of
preclinical formulation is to provide sufficient exposure for the in vivo evaluation and selection of new chemical
entities (NCEs). Both conventional formulation approaches (pH adjustment, use of cosolvents and/or surfactants,
cyclodextrin complexation) and novel formulations (microemulsions, solid dispersions, nanosuspensions) are
described. In addition to describing the formulation technologies, the mechanisms behind their actions and the in
vivo functions are discussed. The special formulation requirements of different stages of early drug research,
including practical considerations, are also presented.
Drug Transport and the Blood-Brain Barrier
Authors: A. Deli Maria
Published: October 2011

The blood-brain barrier, a dynamic interface separating the brain from systemic circulation, is the
major entry route for therapeutic compounds to the central nervous system. The blood-brain barrier phenotype of
the endothelial cells of brain microvessels includes tight interendothelial junctions, the lack of pinocytosis and
fenestrae, transendothelial transport pathways, and a metabolic barrier. The primary role of the blood-brain
barrier is to create ionic homeostasis for neuronal functions, but it also provides the central nervous system with
nutrients and protects it from toxic insults. The formation and maintenance of these organ-specific characteristics
are based on cross talk between the cells of the neurovascular unit, such as brain endothelial cells, pericytes,
astroglia, microglia and neurons. The problem of drug transport at the blood-brain barrier is two-fold: the great
majority of neuropharmaceutical candidates, hydrophilic molecules, biopharmaceuticals and efflux transporter
ligands do not penetrate the blood-brain barrier, while unwanted side effects develop if a drug with main
peripheral action crosses the blood-brain barrier. Overcoming the major mechanisms restricting drug transport at
the level of the blood-brain barrier, tight interendothelial junctions, efflux transporters and the enzymatic barrier
can lead to better drug penetration to the brain. In addition, there are several physiological transport pathways –
the carrier systems and the adsorptive and receptor-mediated transports – which can be exploited for drug
targeting. Strategies for drug delivery and targeting to the brain include modification of the molecules,
modification of the blood-brain barrier functions, and circumvention of the blood-brain barrier. Some of the
techniques based on these strategies are already in clinical use, while others are promising new possibilities for
improving the therapy of central nervous system diseases.
Rethinking Research and Professional Practices in Terms of Relationality Subjectivity and Power Poststructuralism at Work with Marginalised Children
Authors: Laws Cath
Published: October 2011

This book aims at developing the capacity to apply poststructuralism in a setting where other discourses are dominant. It focuses on working both with students categorized as 'emotionally/behaviourally disordered' and their teachers in the context of a special education school. This unique work comes to understandings, using poststructuralist theory, about what it means to be positioned in the world as emotionally/behaviourally disordered.

Using these understandings it then looks at developing strategies for working with students and staff to enable them to become people who can begin to understand the multiple and contradictory discourses shaping them and shaping the social world they inhabit, such that they begin to develop strategies to undo their marginal positioning.
Development of a totally implantable hearing aid
Authors: Vujanic Aleksandar , Pavelka Robert , Adamovic Nadja , Kment Christoph , Mitic Sladjan , Brenner Werner , Popovic Gordana
Published: October 2011

In this paped we described briefly the activities done in the frame of development of a system for contact less detection of the vibrations of the middle ear ossicle. The system has been constructed in the form of a fiber-optic vibrometer, which can be used as the microphone of a totally implantable hearing aid. The current state of the art is described and the initial measurements are presented and commented upon.
Electromagnetic interference of switching mode power regulator with chaotic frequency modulation
Authors: Wong Hei , Chan Yan , Wah Sui
Published: October 2011

In this work, we propose an improved switching scheme (called chaotic frequency modulation (CFM)) for switched-mode power supplies to suppress the electromagnetic interference (EMI) noise source. The basic principle of CFM is to use a chaotic signal to modulate the switching signal so that the harmonics of noise power is distributed evenly over the whole spectrum instead of concentrated at the switching frequency. When compared with the conventional pulse width modulation (PWM) scheme, significant improvements in both conducted and radiated EMI noise levels were found with the proposed CFM method. For conducted EMI, the peak noise level was reduced by 25 dB_V. For radiated EMI, we found that the noise was found mainly in the frequency range of 30 MHz to 230 MHz and the CFM scheme would help to reduce the peak noise level in this frequency range by 22 dB_V.
Comparison of the FDTD and direct-integrating methods for electrodynamics problem in time-varying medium
Authors: Fedotov Fedor , Nerukh Alexander , Scherbatko Igor
Published: October 2011

In this paper the finite differences in time domain and the integral equation in time domain approaches for calculation of an electromagnetic signal propagation in an active media are investigated, accuracy and stability comparison of these methods are examined. Special computer modeling software is developed for realization of the numerical experiments.
Comparison of different optimization strategies applied to electromagnetic devices
Authors: Iatcheva Ilona
Published: October 2011

In this paper, different optimization methods have been compared concerning some test problems of optimal electromagnetic field design, when Finite Element Method has been applied for electromagnetic field determination. Optimal shape design has been modeled. The optimization criterion used was the quadratic sum of the differences of the prescribed and the actual field at certain points of the region of interest. Numerical experiments indicate some preferences for choosing optimization method by comparing their robustness, speed and convergence.
SAB-RoundView-Problematik der stereoskopischen Zylinderprojektion
Authors: Benk Stefan
Published: October 2011

Stereoscopic projections and 360?-cylinderprojections axe known and nothing special. But both together in one installation is new and will cause some physical problems. But in relation with the capability of the human eyes these problems can be solved. In this paper a new way of projection will be shown that also can reduce the performance request on a virtual reality System.
Ein Sicherheitsverbund als zusatzlicher Schutz fur das lokale Netzwerk
Authors: Droste Thomas
Published: October 2011

(nemacki) Der hier vorgestellte Sicherheitsverbund nutzt freie Ressourcen und fiihrt eine dezentrale Datenaufnahme und Analyse durch. Dabei wird eine Komponentenstruktur genutzt, die einzelne Aufgaben zusammenfasst und auf jedem Rechner bereitstellt. Der Sicherheitsverbund arbeitet parallel zu beste-henden Sicherheitsmechanismen und unterstiitzt diese durch die zusatzliche und unabhangige Sicherheitsfunktion. Neben einer Vorstellung des Sicher-heitsverbundes aus [4] wird auf Funknetzwerke und die resultierenden Beson-derheiten im Sicherheitsverbund eingegangen.
Multiple-valued cmos logic circuits with high-impedance output state
Authors: Bundalo Dusanka , Bundalo Zlatko , Djordjevic Branimir
Published: October 2011

Principles and possibilities of synthesis and design of bus interface circuits with high-impedance output state in multiple-valued logic systems are described and proposed in the paper. The general principles for implementation of such circuits are considered first. Then the methods for synthesis and design of logic circuits with high-impedance output state in multiple-valued CMOS logic systems with any logic basis are proposed and described. Two principles of synthesis and implementation of CMOS multiple-valued logic circuits with high-impedance output state are proposed and described: the simple circuits with smaller number of transistors, and the buffer/driver circuits with decreased propagation delay time. As an example, the schemes of such CMOS multiple-valued logic circuits with the logic basis of 5 (quaternary multiple-valued logic circuits) are given and analyzed by computer simulations. Some of computer simulation results confirming descriptions and conclusions are also given in the paper.
Experimental investigations of temporary over voltages
Authors: Vukelja Petar , Naumov Radomir , Vucinic Mitko , Mrvic Jovan
Published: October 2011

In this paper experimentally determined temporary over voltages in the electrical power system of Yugoslavia due to: earth faults, load droppings performances with incomplete phases, Ferranti effects, switching-in unloaded transformers, energizations of overhead lines terminated with unloaded transformers and another switching operations are considered. On the basis of their analysis, the measures and the means for their reduction and prevention are given.
Center manifold in continuous time systems and computation
Authors: Djellit Ilham , Laadjal Baya
Published: October 2011

The objective in this paper is to give some results of bifurcation equations, is concerned with the bifurcation from an equilibrium point in the case when the linear approximation has eigenvalues with zero real parts As we know, there is an intimate relationship between changes of stability and bifurcation. We formulate the main theorems that allow one to reduce dimension of a given system near a local bifurcation. We treat only continuous case. Center manifold theory is a method which uses power series expansions in the neighborhood of an equilibrium point in order to reduce the dimension of a system of ordinary differential equation. We will discuss some aspects of the center manifold. In this paper we will be concerned with the question of how to reduce a system to its center manifold. The calculation of center manifolds involves the manipulation of truncated power series. Coefficients of the quadratic Taylor expansion representing the center manifold can be computed via a recursive procedure, each step of which involves solving a linear system of algebraic equations. We present programs by Maple to accomplish such computations.
Quality control of the hindside's axis stabilization using the instrumental servo system
Authors: Obradovic Slobodan
Published: October 2011

In up to date wars, gunfiring from the vehicle in motion has become the basic way of action for operational armored vehicles (conveyors and tanks). Because of the rolling of the vehicle's body (caused by moving on the ground) and the change in the target coordinates (because the target is in motion, as well), the shooting accuracy in comparison with shooting accuracy in the case of shooting passive targets from the fixed position is substantially decreased. The particular problem is to measure the quality that is, to measure the error of achieved stabilization. This study describes the new, simple (and cheap) simulation method for the stabilization quality check, which enables the complete laboratory simulation of driving over the optional terrain in the real conditions, as well as the undisturbed examining in the extreme temperature conditions.
A simplified linearized dynamic model for voltage collapse assessment in power systems
Authors: Tasic Dragan , Stojanovic Miodrag
Published: October 2011

A simplified linearized dynamic model for fast assessment of voltage collapse is developed in this paper. The simplification was made under assumption that the voltages at generator nodes are constant, which means that only power changes at load nodes are considered in analysis. Dimensions of the state matrix, which eigenvalues are used for voltage collapse assessment, decrease under this assumption. Appropriate transformations of linearized state matrix prove that knowledge of values of the dynamical load change time constants is not required for this model.
Novel method of discrete message ciphering with equal length of message and cryptogram
Authors: Bandjur Milos
Published: October 2011

Systems for ciphering contain substitution or transpositions or combination of both. The goal of the present work is to suggest the new cipher that belongs to substitutional ciphers with constant cryptogram length, where cryptogram length is equal with message length. Cipher system suggested here is new and belongs to perfect cipher class regarding the aspect of reliability, as will be shown.