bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE USE OF PADLET APPLICATION AS A MEDIA FOR MATHEMATICS LEARNING IN THE FACE-TO-FACE TIME IS LIMITED TO THE SETS MATERIALS IN CLASS VII SMP NEGERI 1 KUOK
Authors: Kasih Sutra , Asmana Efitha , Salmidar
Published: June 2022

As a result of COVID-19, face-to-face learning has been changed to distance learning and limited face-to-face learning. Students are required to learn online (online) because face-to-face is limited at school. In conditions of online learning (online/online) during the COVID-19 pandemic, an educator needs more appropriate learning media so that students can learn optimally. The purpose of this study was to determine the results of the evaluation of student learning by using appropriate mathematics learning media in the form of a Padlet application made by the teacher. This type of research used a qualitative descriptive method. The subjects of this study were students of class VIIa and VIIb of SMP Negeri 1 Kuok. Data collection techniques include: observation/observation, interviews, and documentation. Based on the results of the research that has been done, it can be concluded that learning without using the right media appears that students' understanding of the material is still lacking, this can be seen from the responses of students in the classroom from the observations of researchers during the study.
ANALYSIS OF ERROR IN SOLVING PROBLEMS PISA CONTENT CHANGE AND RELATIONSHIP ON STUDENTS OF CLASS VIII MTs DARUL IMAN PALU USING NOLTING THEORY
Authors: Rahmatia  , Awuy Evie
Published: June 2022

This qualitative research describes the types of errors made by class VIII students of MTs Darul Iman Palu in solving PISA problems with Change and Relationship content using the Nolting theory. Data were collected by test and interview methods. The research subjects consisted of two students, each having high and medium abilities. The results showed that (1) the types of errors made by high-ability students in solving PISA questions of Change and Relationship content based on Nolting's theory were misread-direction errors (errors in reading instructions). (2) The types of errors made by moderately capable students in solving PISA questions of Change and Relationship content based on Nolting's theory are misread-direction errors (errors in reading instructions) and concept errors (concept errors).
ANALYSIS OF STUDENT ERRORS IN SOLVING THE SYSTEM OF THREE VARIABLE LINEAR EQUATIONS (SPLTV) BASED ON THE NEWMAN STAGES IN CLASS X STUDENTS AT UPT SMA NEGERI 1 PAREPARE
Authors: Hafis  , Buhaerah  , Sunarti  , Hidayat Wahyu
Published: June 2022

This study aims to describe the location of errors and the causes of student errors in solving the problems of the Three Variable Linear Equation System in Contextual Problems (daily life) using the Determinant Matrix Method. This material was chosen because students often make many mistakes when solving problems. This type of research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The subjects of this study were six students who were taken from the results of consultations with the Mathematics teacher of UPT SMA Negeri 1 Parepare. The data collection technique is a written test with three questions. . Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that students' errors in solving the problems of the Three-variable Linear Equation System in Contextual Problems (Daily Life) used the Determinant Matrix Method, namely First, the Reading Error was 13%. This is caused because students are less thorough and in a hurry to dig up the information, so the mistakes made by these students are fatal. Second, Comprehension Error is as much as 16%. This is caused because students do not write down information about what is known and asked and the information written is not appropriate. Third, a Transformation Error of 23% is caused because students cannot identify the right operation to solve the given problem. Students write the wrong sign in the arithmetic operation of the problem. Fourth, Process Kill is 19%, this is caused because students cannot carry out the calculation operation process correctly. And Fifth, Encoding Error of as much as 29% is caused because students are wrong in writing the final answer and do not write conclusions from the questions given.
ANALYSIS OF STUDENT ERRORS IN SOLVING PROBLEMS OF DEVICE AND ROOT FORM BASED ON NOLTING THEORY IN CLASS IX PONPES AL-IKHLAS ADDARY MTs DDI TAKKALASI
Authors: Rahma Sitti , Efendy Rustan , Herawaty Hasmiah
Published: June 2022

Mathematics is continuous learning with previous materials. Students consider this lesson difficult, especially during the Covid-19 period, because they cannot study normally. This causes students to have difficulty learning mathematics and making mistakes in solving problems. This research was conducted to analyze students' errors in solving problems of powers and roots. The research method used is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. A written test consisting of 4 numbers becomes a research instrument. The percentage of student errors based on the Nolting Theory consists of carelessness errors that are 3.45%, conceptual errors that are 19.59%, application errors of 3.69%, and errors in determining the answer results are 12.56%. Result determination error has a higher percentage than other types of errors. These errors occur because students do not understand the material, including basic mathematics. Lack of understanding of the concept of powers and roots.
TRANSFORMASI CERITA RAKYAT JAMARUN KE PERTUNJUKAN “CAHAYA MEMINTAS MALAM/THE LIGHT WITHIN A NIGHT”
Authors: Mujtaba Sahlan
Published: June 2022

ABSTRAKCerita rakyat Jamarun merupakan folklor lisan yang berasal dari Cianjur, Jawa Barat. Di tengah keberadaannya yang mulai terlupakan dalam ingatan masyarakat, cerita rakyat Jamarun diolah menjadi pertunjukan oleh tiga kelompok teater dari dua negara (Indonesia dan Australia): Mainteater Bandung, Teater Lakon, dan La Trobe University Student Theatre and Film. Cerita rakyat Jamarun dan pertunjukan Cahaya Memintas Malam/The Light Within A Night menjadi data dalam penelitian ini. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian, yaitu teori tentang transformasi yang dikemukakan oleh Riffaterre. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan ditemukan adanya konversi dan ekspansi. Konversi tidak terjadi dalam tataran alur dan tokoh di pertunjukan CMM. Alur dan tokoh yang terdapat dalam CMM justru lebih kompleks daripada yang terdapat dalam cerita rakyat Jamarun. Cerita rakyat Jamarun menyandarkan pada penceritaan naratif, sedangkan pertunjukan CMM menggunakan rentetan dialog sebagai penyampai cerita. Cara ungkap naratif memungkinkan cerita tersampaikan lebih singkat, sedangkan cerita yang menyandarkan pada dialog membutuhkan uraian lebih luas. Ekspansi cerita rakyat Jamarun ke pertunjukan CMM tampak melalui pengembangan alur, tokoh, latar, dan wacana. Pengembangan tersebut ditandai dengan munculnya adegan-adegan baru yang terkait dengan wacana yang terkandung dalam cerita rakyat Jamarun dan yang berhubungan dengan dua budaya, Indonesia dan Australia. Selain itu, didapatkan pengetahuan bahwa perbedaan latar belakang budaya tidak dapat membatasi kerja kreatif. Perbedaan budaya justru mampu memotivasi untuk menemukan perspektif dan gaya ungkap yang tidak terduga. Pemilihan cerita rakyat sebagai poros utama cerita, mampu mengenal lebih jauh cara berpikir masyarakatnya. Kata kunci: cerita rakyat jamarun, folklor, pertunjukan cahaya memintas malam, transformasi.
RESISTENSI DALAM NOVEL HULUBALANG RAJA KARYA NUR SUTAN ISKANDAR: KAJIAN POSKOLONIAL
Authors: Dapit Abi , Waluyo Prapto , Trisari Agatha
Published: June 2022

Artikel ini merupakan sebuah kajian poskolonial yang mendeskripsikan resistensi di dalam novel Hulubalang Raja karya Nur Sutan Iskandar. Artikel ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif dan dekonstruksi. Artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan unsur intrinsik. Penelitian ini berfokus pada perlawanan dan mimikri yang terjadi di dalam novel Hulubalang Raja. Untuk menggambarkan perlawanan dan mimikri tersebut, perilaku orientalisme dalam novel ini dianalisis. Hasil penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut. Pertama, di dalam novel Hulubalang Raja, perilaku orientalisme merupakan dikotomi yang dikonstruksi oleh Belanda. Hal ini dilakukan agar Belanda dapat mengeksploitasi masyarakat Minangkabau dan memengeruhi perilaku orientalisme juga dilakukan oleh anak negeri. Kedua, resistensi yang terjadi di dalam novel Hulubalang Raja adalah perlawanan tokoh Raja Adil atas represi dari pihak yang berserikat dengan kompeni. Di dalam kajian poskolonial, hal itu disebut reristensi radikal. Ketiga, mimikri yang dilakukan oleh tokoh Hulubalang Raja dan berada di pihak yang berserikat dengan kompeni merupakan mimikri untuk mempertahankan eksistensi diri. Di dalam kajian poskolonial, hal itu disebut resistensi pasif. Kata Kunci: konflik orientalisme; poskolonial; resistensi.
COMMUNITY-BASED TOURISM AND DESTINATION COMPETITIVENESS: BRIDGING THE GAP
Authors: Bassols Gardella Narcís , Bonilla Jorge
Published: June 2022

This article explores and discusses community-based tourism (CBT) and proposes a model intended to be exemplary for CBT cases throughout most of the world’s emerging countries.  Further, this paper aims at establishing a connection between competitiveness and local CBT development, calling therefore the proposed model C-CBT. The authors try to establish the motivations to develop this type of tourism, as well as the drawbacks, grouping them into the C-CBT model. This model is then used as a comparative tool and applied to two territories in Colombia which have suffered from conflict in the last decades and have subsequently developed CBT.  As for the field work in the two locales, it is based on interviews and observation carried out in the context of tourism development projects in both areas. The outcome is a clearer understanding of the factors that favor CBT initiatives and connects these with competitiveness frameworks, with the added interest that the presented cases come from a severely conflict-burdened country.
UNDERSTANDING THE TRAVEL MOTIVATIONS OF POP CULTURE FANS
Authors: Labuschagne Veronique , Burger Elizna
Published: June 2022

Popular culture (pop culture) events have the potential to promote tourist destinations and to generate tourism income. Travel motivation is a critical consideration for reaping these benefits since it serves as a stepping stone for event attendance and it initiates a desire to act. The purpose of this paper therefore is to determine the travel motivations of pop culture fans. Data was gathered from 576 pop culture fans attending a pop culture event in Gauteng, South Africa, using a structured questionnaire.  The data were analysed using exploratory factor analysis. The findings revealed nine travel motivations which were labelled brand visibility, event participation, acquire pop culture knowledge, escapism, celebrity fandom, value for money, exclusive merchandise, social enjoyment and novelty. The paper highlights novelty as the most important travel motivation for attending the specific pop culture event and it is therefore argued that pop culture fans attend these events to experience something new and different. In line with the findings of this research, it is recommended that pop culture event marketers pay close attention to all nine identified travel motivations to retain their current fans and to remain competitive.
Integración económica de México al mercado común de América del Norte: un análisis insumo-producto multipaís en el marco normativo del T-MEC
Authors: Gaytán Alfaro Edgar David
Published: June 2022

La presente investigación pretende ser un referente de información en el marco de la integración económica que propone el T-MEC y, con ello, promover la configuración de un mercado común para América del Norte que redunde en un mayor grado de inclusión del aparato productivo mexicano, acorde con la articulación de las ramas que lo definen. Para tal propósito se presenta una estructura multisectorial de información económica que expresa el tejido productivo de la región, analizando la perspectiva de México como productor y proveedor de bienes intermedios mediante el esquema de clasificación industrial (Structural Analysis Databases) STAN-OCDE para lo que se emplea un modelo insumo-producto formulado con criterios de retroalimentación y derrama. Los resultados muestran las ramas en las que México tiene protagonismo e identifican las transacciones de mayor relevancia determinadas por los flujos de riqueza y la integración de su dinámica de intercambios.
Overeducation and overskilling: The influence of social background on job placement
Authors: Ruesga Benito Santos Miguel , Pérez Javier Baquero
Published: June 2022

This article examines the relationship between social origin and the probability of being overeducated or overskilled. Using PIAAC microdata for EU countries, we carried out an econometric analysis, which examine the importance of parents having higher education on the probability of individuals being overeducated and/or overskilled. The results show that workers whose parents have high levels of education are less likely to be overeducated for a young cohort, while this effect disappears for an older sample. However, these individuals will be more likely to be overskilled, given the greater cultural capital received in their families. This occurs for both cohorts.
El cambio climático en África. Efectos, estrategias de adaptación y soluciones desde el continente
Authors: Colom Jaén Artur
Published: June 2022

Reseña del libro El cambio climático en África. Efectos, estrategias de adaptación y soluciones desde el continente, de Aurora Moreno Alcojor.
Response of the Soil Microbe Community to Maize Residue Management Strategies Under Double-Cropping Systems
Authors: Gao Fei , Zhang Chao , Gao Zheng , Zhang Jiwang
Published: June 2022

Sustainable agriculture has become a common trend in countries around the world. This includes returning straw to the field as part of sustainable crop production. However, it is not known whether changing the amount of straw returned to the field will lead to changes in the microbial community during decomposition and subsequent nutrient use by the next season's crop. The design included three treatments: (1) all the summer maize stalks returned to the field (SR); (2) half the summer maize stalks returned to the field (HSR); and (3) no summer maize stalks returned to the field (control: CK), base on all the winter wheat stalks were returned to the field. Compared with CK, the annual yield of SR treatment and HSR treatment increased by 18.8 and 17.3%, respectively. However, there are no significant difference in crop yield between the SR and HSR treatments. Compared with CK, the Proteobacteria increased by 29.9% in SR and 31.2% in HSR, which is the second most common bacterium during the maturity stage of maize season. Different crops season have an important impact on soil microbial community function (ANOSIM, R = 0.5209, P = 0.001). The PCoA analysis of the Faprotax function prediction found that the functional composition in the wheat planting period (wheat jointing and wheat harvest) was more similar, and the functional composition of maize planting period (maize tasseling and maize harvest) was more similar. The HSR can significantly increase the diversity of species in the soil to meet the nutritional demands for crop growth for achieve high and stable crop yield.
CUL4B Upregulates RUNX2 to Promote the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells by Epigenetically Repressing the Expression of miR-320c and miR-372/373-3p
Authors: Mi Jun , Wang Shuangshuang , Liu Panpan , Liu Chang , Zhuang Dexuan , Leng Xue , Zhang Qun , Bai Fuxiang , Feng Qiang , Wu Xunwei
Published: June 2022

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) within the periodontal ligament (PDL), termed periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), have a self-renewing capability and a multidirectional differentiation potential. The molecular mechanisms that regulate multidirectional differentiation, such as the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs, remain to be elucidated. Cullin 4B (CUL4B), which assembles the CUL4B-RING ubiquitin ligase (CRL4B) complex, is involved in regulating a variety of developmental and physiological processes including the skeletal development and stemness of cancer stem cells. However, nothing is known about the possible role of CUL4B in the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. Here, we found that knockdown of CUL4B decreased the proliferation, migration, stemness and osteogenic differentiation ability of PDLSCs. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that CUL4B cooperates with the PRC2 complex to repress the expression of miR-320c and miR-372/373-3p, which results in the upregulation of RUNX2, a master transcription factor (TF) that regulates osteogenic differentiation. In brief, the present study reveals the role of CUL4B as a new regulator of osteogenic differentiation in PDLSCs.
Adsorption Characteristics and Charge Transfer Kinetics of Fluoride in Water by Different Adsorbents
Authors: Tang Jiaxi , Xiang Biao , Li Yu , Tan Ting , Zhu Yongle
Published: June 2022

Water containing high concentrations of fluoride is widely distributed and seriously harmful, largely because long-term exposure to fluoride exceeding the recommended level will lead to fluorosis of teeth and bones. Therefore, it is imperative to develop cost-effective and environmentally friendly adsorbents to remove fluoride from polluted water sources. In this study, diatomite (DA), calcium bentonite (CB), bamboo charcoal (BC), and rice husk biochar (RHB) were tested as adsorbents to adsorb fluoride (F‐) from water, and this process was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (FEI-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The effects of pH, dosage, and the initial mass concentration of each treatment solution upon adsorption of F‐ were determined. Kinetic and thermodynamic models were applied to reveal the mechanism of defluoridation, and an orthogonal experiment was designed to obtain the optimal combination of conditions. The results show that the surfaces of CB, BC, and RHB have an irregular pore structure and rough surface, whereas DA has a rich pore structure, clear pores, large specific surface area, and high silica content. With regard to the adsorption process for F‐, DA has an adsorption complex electron interaction; that of CB, BC, and RHB occur mainly via ion exchange with positive and negative charges; and CB on F‐ relies on chemical electron bonding adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacity of DA can reach 32.20 mg/g. When the mass concentration of fluoride is 100 mg/L, the pH value is 6.0 and the dosage is 4.0 g/L; the adsorption rate of F‐ by DA can reach 91.8%. Therefore, we conclude that DA soil could be used as an efficient, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly adsorbent for fluoride removal, perhaps providing an empirical basis for improving the treatment of fluorine-containing water in the future.
Acute Coronary Syndromes and SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Results From an Observational Multicenter Registry During the Second Pandemic Spread in Lombardy
Authors: Ferlini Marco , Castini Diego , Ferrante Giulia , Marenzi Giancarlo , Montorfano Matteo , Savonitto Stefano , D’Urbano Maurizio , Lettieri Corrado , Cuccia Claudio , Marino Marcello , Visconti Luigi Oltrona , Carugo Stefano
Published: June 2022

Background

COVID-19 had an adverse impact on the management and outcome of acute coronary syndromes (ACS), but most available data refer to March-April 2020.

Aim

This study aims to investigate the clinical characteristics, time of treatment, and clinical outcome of patients at hospitals serving as macro-hubs during the second pandemic wave of SARS-CoV-2 (November 2020-January 2021).

Methods and Results

Nine out of thirteen “macro-hubs” agreed to participate in the registry with a total of 941 patients included. The median age was 67 years (IQR 58-77) and ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) was the clinical presentation in 54% of cases. Almost all patients (97%) underwent coronary angiography, with more than 60% of patients transported to a macro-hub by the Emergency Medical Service (EMS). In the whole population of STEMI patients, the median time from symptom onset to First Medical Contact (FMC) was 64 min (IQR 30-180). The median time from FMC to CathLab was 69 min (IQR 39-105). A total of 59 patients (6.3%) presented a concomitant confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, and pneumonia was present in 42.4% of these cases. No significant differences were found between STEMI patients with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection in treatment time intervals. Patients with concomitant SARS-CoV-2 infection had a significantly higher in-hospital mortality compared to those without (16.9% vs. 3.6%, P < 0.0001). However, post-discharge mortality was similar to 6-month mortality (4.2% vs. 4.1%, P = 0.98). In the multivariate analysis, SARS-CoV-2 infection did not show an independent association with in-hospital mortality, whereas pneumonia had higher mortality (OR 5.65, P = 0.05).

Conclusion

During the second wave of SARS-CoV-2 infection, almost all patients with ACS received coronary angiography for STEMI with an acceptable time delay. Patients with concomitant infection presented a lower in-hospital survival with no difference in post-discharge mortality; infection by itself was not an independent predictor of mortality but pneumonia was.
Fufang Zhenzhu Tiaozhi Capsule Prevents Intestinal Inflammation and Barrier Disruption in Mice With Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis
Authors: Lan Tian , Xu Tonghao , Fu Yanfang , Jiang Shuo , Liang Xiaolin , Yu Ze , Pan Linyu , Rong Xianglu , Guo Jiao
Published: June 2022

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has become a major cause of liver transplantation and liver-associated death. Targeting the gut–liver axis is a potential therapy for NASH. The Fufang Zhenzhu Tiaozhi (FTZ) capsule, a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used in clinical practice, has recently emerged as a promising drug candidate for metabolic diseases such as NASH. The present study aimed to investigate whether FTZ exerts an anti-NASH effect by targeting the gut–liver axis. Mice were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 20 weeks to induce NASH. HFD-fed mice were daily intragastrically administrated with FTZ at 10 weeks after tbe initiation of HFD feeding. The mRNA levels of genes associated with the intestinal tight junction, lipid metabolism, and inflammation were determined by the q-PCR assay. Hepatic pathology was evaluated by H&E staining. The gut microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. FTZ attenuated HFD-induced obesity, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis in mice. FTZ treatment decreased the elevated levels of serum aminotransferases and liver triglyceride in NASH mice. Furthermore, FTZ treatment reduced hepatic inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis in mice. In addition, FTZ attenuated the intestinal inflammatory response and improved intestinal barrier function. Mechanistically, FTZ-treated mice showed a different gut microbiota composition compared with that in HFD-fed mice. Finally, we identified eight differential metabolites that may contribute to the improvement of NASH with FTZ treatment. In summary, FTZ ameliorates NASH by inhibiting gut inflammation, improving intestinal barrier function, and modulating intestinal microbiota composition.
The Potential Role of CDH1 as an Oncogene Combined With Related miRNAs and Their Diagnostic Value in Breast Cancer
Authors: Xie Dan , Chen Yiyu , Wan Xue , Li Jingyuan , Pei Qin , Luo Yanan , Liu Jinbo , Ye Ting
Published: June 2022

Background

Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer−related mortality in females and the most common malignancy with high morbidity worldwide. It is imperative to develop new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for early diagnosis and effective treatment in BC.

Methods

We revealed the oncogene function of cadherin 1 (CDH1) via bioinformatic analysis in BC. Moreover, miRNA database was utilized to predict miRNAs upstream of CDH1. Expression of CDH1-related miRNAs in BC and their values in BC stemness and prognosis were analyzed through TCGA‐BRCA datasets. In addition, Gene Ontology (GO) and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were performed to explore the potential functions and signaling pathways of CDH1 in combination with CDH1-related miRNAs in BC progression. Finally, the differential expressions of soluble E-cadherin (sE-cad), which is formed by the secretion of CDH1-encoded E-cadherin into serum, analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression level of CDH1-related miRNAs in serum samples.

Results

The mRNA and protein expressions of CDH1 were elevated in BC tissues compared with normal counterparts. Moreover, CDH1 overexpression was positively correlated with BC stage, metastatic, stemness characteristics, and poor prognosis among patients. In predictive analysis, miR-340, miR-185, and miR-20a target CDH1 and are highly expressed in BC. miR-20a overexpression alone was strongly associated with high stemness characteristics and poor prognosis of BC. Additionally, GO, KEGG, and hallmark effect gene set analysis demonstrated that CDH1 in combination with overexpression of miR-340, miR-185, or miR-20a participated in multiple biological processes and underly signaling pathways involving in tumorigenesis and development of BC. Finally, we provide experimental evidence that the combined determination of serum sE-cad and miR-20a in BC has highly diagnostic efficiency.

Conclusions

This study provides evidence for CDH1 as an oncogene in BC and suggests that miR-20a may regulate the stemness characteristics of BC to exert a pro-oncogenic effect by regulating CDH1. Moreover, sE-cad and miR-20a in serum can both be used as valid noninvasive markers for BC diagnosis.
Comprehensive Analysis of a Dust Storm by a Lidar Network Combined With Multiple Data
Authors: Yang Lili , Zhang Shuwen , Tao Huijie , Yang Yanping , Wang Lina , Cui Yongfeng , Xu Yanyan , Li Xiaoyun
Published: June 2022

In order to improve the accuracy of dust storm prediction and reduce the damage and losses by a dust storm event, it is necessary to conduct an in-depth study on the same. The data of the national air quality stations, backward trajectories generated by the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model (HYSPLIT), and the lidar network data from Wuwei, Baiyin, and Dingxi were used to study a large-scale dust storm event that occurred from 12 to 14 May 2019. This study explores the cause of the dust storm and physical characteristics of dust aerosols in three-dimensional space, as well as its impact on air quality. Results show that the dust storm was caused by the eastward movement of the East Asian trough and affected most cities in northern China from northwest to southeast. Consequently, the air quality deteriorated seriously, especially over the Hexi Corridor. The hourly peak concentrations of PM10 in Wuwei and Baiyin were close to 3,000 μg·m−3. The observations from the lidar network show that the dust intensities were similar at different cities, and their extinction coefficients were close. However, the depolarization ratio varied with sources and the physical characteristics of dust particles. According to the simulation results of extinction coefficients and particle concentrations, due to the impact of dust transported at high altitudes, the concentration of particles in Dingxi did not decrease with the increase in altitude. The particle concentrations from ground-based monitoring were lower than those of Baiyin and Wuwei, while particle concentrations above 0.3 km were higher than those of Baiyin and Wuwei.
Increased ATP2A1 Predicts Poor Prognosis in Patients With Colorectal Carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Guoshun , Shang Hua , Liu Bin , Wu Guikai , Wu Diyang , Wang Liuqing , Li Shengnan , Wang Zhiyuan , Wang Suying , Yuan Juxiang
Published: June 2022

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the digestive system. Traditional diagnosis and treatment methods have not significantly improved the overall survival of patients. In this study, we explored the value of ATP2A1 as a biomarker in predicting the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients. We used the TCGA database to reveal the relationship between ATP2A1 mRNA level and prognosis, methylation, and immune invasion in colorectal cancer. The results showed that the expression of ATP2A1 was increased in colorectal cancer. The overall survival of patients with high expression of ATP2A1 was significantly lower than patients with low expression of ATP2A1. Cox regression analysis showed that high expression of ATP2A1 was an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in colorectal cancer patients. In addition, we used three datasets to perform a meta-analysis, which further confirmed the reliability of the results. Furthermore, we revealed that ATP2A1 could significantly inhibit the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells by inhibiting the autophagy process and was associated with several immune cells, especially CD8 + T cells. Finally, four small molecule drugs with potential inhibition of ATP2A1 expression were found by CMap analysis. This study demonstrates for the first time that ATP2A1 is a potential pathogenic factor, which may play a significant role in colorectal cancer.
Diversity and Structure of Demersal Fish Community Over the Northern Slope in the South China Sea
Authors: Zhang Jun , Zhang Kui , Jiang Yan-e , Li Yuan-jie , Fan Jiang-tao , Yu Wen-ming , Chen Zuo-zhi
Published: June 2022

Three bottom trawl surveys over the northern continental slope in the South China Sea (18°50′–20°40′N, 112°50′–115°10′E) were carried out, in June 2015, March 2017 and September 2018, to investigate species composition, biodiversity and community structure of demersal fish. Surveys in 2015, 2017 and 2018 captured 97 fish species (representing 77 genera, 52 families, 26 orders), 108 fish species (representing 84 genera, 61 families, 19 orders) and 126 fish species (representing 105 genera, 74 families, 25 orders), respectively. Three surveys captured a total of 252 fish species, representing 164 genera, 97 families, 30 orders. Perciformes dominated. Species richness in station linking shallow continental shelf with deep slope was the lowest among stations. In three surveys, 16 species occurred in the catches of three surveys, accounting for 6.35% of all species. Species replacement rate between stations showed a significant linear relationship with the depth difference and latitude difference. Margalef’s species richness index (D), Shannon–Weiner diversity index (H’) and Pielou’s evenness index (J’) among stations ranged 2.65–6.74, 1.02–4.15 and 0.28–1.14, respectively. Differences of D, H’ and J’ were insignificant among seasons. There were significant positive linear relations between H’ and J’ and latitude. D, H’ and J’ decreased with increasing sampling depth, however the relations were not significant. Based on multivariate statistical analysis, fish community at species level was divided into five groups with average dissimilarities of 95.69%–99.96%. In terms of genus and family, average dissimilarities among groups were more than 88.11% and 82.69%. There were significant differences in species composition between depths, but no significant differences between seasons and temperatures, as well as in genus and family composition.
Weakening of the Kuroshio Upstream by Cyclonic Cold Eddies Enhanced by the Consecutive Passages of Typhoons Danas, Wipha, and Francisco (2013)
Authors: Jeon Chanhyung , Watts D. Randolph , Min Hong Sik , Kim Dong Guk , Kang Sok Kuh , Moon Il-Ju , Park Jae-Hun
Published: June 2022

An array of five pressure-recording inverted echo sounder (PIES) moorings spanning a distance of 420 km around the subtropical countercurrent and North Equatorial Current regions of the western Pacific detected extraordinary sea level drops from November to December 2013. In October 2013, three typhoons, namely, Danas, Wipha, and Francisco, consecutively passed east of the PIES sites, which significantly strengthened pre-existing cyclonic cold eddies to create the observed sea level drops. The typhoon-strengthened cold eddies propagated westward over approximately 1000 km for approximately 4 months and eventually met the Kuroshio offshore Taiwan. The approaching eddies interacted with the Kuroshio upstream for ~3 months and reduced the Kuroshio intensity by up to 24% in February–May 2014, the lowest record for the last 26 years of satellite measurements. Our results can provide a new mechanism linking typhoon-to-eddy-to-Kuroshio variability through oceanic processes.
Gender Analysis of Ornamental Fish Production Units in Maharashtra, India
Authors: Yadav Bharat , Sharma Arpita
Published: June 2022

Ornamental fisheries are an emerging business and offer vast opportunities. In India, the Maharashtra state had a scheme called “Rainbow Revolution”, which was started to encourage breeding and export of ornamental fishes. Taking advantage of this scheme, 305 male and female entrepreneurs took up this small-scale business. Gender analysis, which provides the necessary data and information to integrate a gender perspective into policies, programs, and projects and allows for the development of interventions that address gender inequalities, was conducted using the Harvard Analysis Framework for male and female entrepreneurs involved in ornamental fish production. The objectives were to explore factors that influenced entrepreneurs to take up this business and to map the activity, access, and control profile of male and female entrepreneurs involved in ornamental fish production. Out of 305 ornamental production units under the Rainbow Revolution scheme, 110 units were studied, of which 82 were owned by men and 28 were owned by women. Factors that influenced both men and women to pursue this business were community norms, prevailing social hierarchy, demographic factors, and access to special training. Activity profile revealed that men were involved in the construction of ornamental fish production unit, observation and checking fish health, checking water parameters, live food culture, marketing, upkeep, and maintenance, and it was found that they spent an average of 8 h/day on these activities. Women were involved in fish feeding, cleaning of tanks, siphoning, feed preparation, and marketing, spending an average of 4 h/day. Many activities like feeding, cleaning of tanks and siphoning, feed preparation, setting of fish for breeding, removal of offspring, and marketing were performed by both. Men had higher access and control on resources like land, farm, machine, equipment, and finances. The Mann–Whitney U test revealed a statistically significant difference between men and women’s access and control on resources. A study has revealed that in addition to family and house responsibilities, women spent 4 h/day on this business. They have less access and control on resources because of the existing power relations with which we conclude that men and women cannot be treated as homogeneous categories when designing any schemes/policy interventions.
The Predictive Value of Pre-operative N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide in the Risk of Acute Kidney Injury After Non-cardiac Surgery
Authors: Liu Xiang-Bin , Pang Ke , Tang Yong-Zhong , Le Yuan
Published: June 2022

Objective

To evaluate the association between N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and risk of post-operative acute kidney injury (PO-AKI).

Methods

The electronic medical records and laboratory results were obtained from 3,949 adult patients (≥18 years) undergoing non-cardiac surgery performed between 1 October 2012 to 1 October 2019 at the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, China. Collected data were analyzed retrospectively.

Results

In all, 5.3% (209 of 3,949) of patients developed PO-AKI. Pre-operative NT-proBNP was an independent predictor of PO-AKI. After adjustment for significant variables, OR for AKI of highest and lowest NT-proBNP quintiles was 1.96 (95% CI, 1.04–3.68, P = 0.008), OR per 1-unit increment in natural log transformed NT-proBNP was 1.20 (95% CI, 1.09–1.32, P < 0.001). Compared with clinical variables alone, the addition of NT-proBNP modestly improved the discrimination [change in area under the curve(AUC) from 0.82 to 0.83, ΔAUC=0.01, P = 0.024] and the reclassification (continuous net reclassification improvement 0.15, 95% CI, 0.01–0.29, P = 0.034, improved integrated discrimination 0.01, 95% CI, 0.002–0.02, P = 0.017) of AKI and non-AKI cases.

Conclusions

Results from our retrospective cohort study showed that the addition of pre-operative NT-proBNP concentrations could better predict post-operative AKI in a cohort of non-cardiac surgery patients and achieve higher net benefit in decision curve analysis.
Empirical vs. Susceptibility-Guided Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Nyssen Olga P. , Espada Marta , Gisbert Javier P.
Published: June 2022

Background

Treating Helicobacter pylori infection according to antibiotic resistance has been frequently recommended. However, information on its real effectiveness is scarce.

Aim

The aim of this study is to perform a meta-analysis comparing empirical vs. susceptibility-guided treatment of H. pylori.

Methods

Selection of studies: Studies comparing empirical versus susceptibility-guided treatment were selected. Search strategy: electronic and manual up to August 2021. Data synthesis: by intention-to-treat (random-effects model).

Results

Overall, 54 studies were included (6,705 patients in the susceptibility-guided group and 7,895 in the empirical group). H. pylori eradication rate was 86 vs. 76%, respectively (RR: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.08–1.17; I2: 83%). Similar results were found when only RCTs were evaluated (24 studies; RR: 1.16; 95% CI: 1.11–1.22; I2: 71%) and when susceptibility testing was assessed by culture (RR: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.06–1.18) or PCR (RR: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.05–1.23). For first-line treatments (naïve patients; 30 studies), better efficacy results were obtained with the susceptibility-guided strategy (RR: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.11–1.20; I2: 79%). However, for empirical first-line quadruple regimens, in particular (both with and without bismuth, excluding the suboptimal triple therapies), not based on CYP2C19 gene polymorphism, no differences in efficacy were found compared with the susceptibility-guided group (RR: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.99–1.09); this lack of difference was confirmed in RCTs (RR: 1.05; 95% CI: 0.99–1.12). For rescue therapies (13 studies, most 2nd-line), similar results were demonstrated for both strategies, including all studies (RR: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.97–1.22; I2: 82%) and when only RCTs were considered (RR: 1.15; 95% CI: 0.97–1.36).

Conclusion

The benefit of susceptibility-guided treatment over empirical treatment of H. pylori infection could not be demonstrated, either in first-line (if the most updated quadruple regimens are prescribed) or in rescue therapies.
Human Adenovirus Subtype 21a Isolates From Children With Severe Lower Respiratory Illness in China
Authors: Liu Wenkuan , Zhang Li , Cai Yong , Zhang Qiong , Chen Dehui , Qiu Shuyan , Wang Yanqun , Xu Duo , Gu Shujun , Li Xiao , Dai Jing , Liu Qian , Zhou Rong , Tian Xingui
Published: June 2022

Human adenovirus type 21 (HAdV-21) is an important pathogen associated with acute respiratory infection (ARI), but it was rarely reported and characterized so far. In this study, 151 of 1,704 (8.9%) pediatric patients (≤14 years old) hospitalized with ARI in Guangzhou, China in 2019 were positive for HAdV which was the third most frequently detected pathogen. Two HAdV-21-positive patients presented with severe lower respiratory illness and had similar initial symptoms at onset of illness. Then two HAdV-21 strains were isolated and characterized. The two HAdV-21 strains were sequenced and classified as subtype 21a with genomes closely related to strain BB/201903 found in Bengbu, China in March 2019. Phylogenetic analysis for whole genome and major antigen proteins of global HAdV-21 strains showed that HAdV-21 could be classified into two branches, branch 1 including genotype 21p, branch 2 including all other strains dividing into genotype 21a and 21b. There was no significant difference in the plaque size, or the replication curves between the two HAdV-21a strains and the prototype strain HAdV-21p AV-1645. However, there were five highly variable regions (HVR1, HVR3, HVR4, HVR5, and HVR7) in the hexon protein that varied between two branches. Mice immunized with one branch strain showed 2–4-fold lower neutralizing antibody titers against another branch strain. In summary, this study firstly reported two HAdV-21a infections of children in China, characterized two isolates of HAdV-21a associated with severe lower respiratory illness; our results could be important for understanding the HAdV-21 epidemiology and pathogenic, and for developing HAdV-21 vaccine and drug.
Histone Methylation Is Required for Virulence, Conidiation, and Multi-Stress Resistance of Alternaria alternata
Authors: Meng Shuai , Huang Suya , Liu Jinhua , Gai Yunpeng , Li Min , Duan Shuo , Zhang Shuting , Sun Xuepeng , Yang Qi , Wang Yuchun , Xu Kai , Ma Haijie
Published: June 2022

Histone methylation, which is critical for transcriptional regulation and various biological processes in eukaryotes, is a reversible dynamic process regulated by histone methyltransferases (HMTs) and histone demethylases (HDMs). This study determined the function of 5 HMTs (AaDot1, AaHMT1, AaHnrnp, AaSet1, and AaSet2) and 1 HDMs (AaGhd2) in the phytopathogenic fungus Alternaria alternata by analyzing targeted gene deletion mutants. The vegetative growth, conidiation, and pathogenicity of ∆AaSet1 and ∆AaSet2 were severely inhibited indicating that AaSet1 and AaSet2 play critical roles in cell development in A. alternata. Multiple stresses analysis revealed that both AaSet1 and AaSet2 were involved in the adaptation to cell wall interference agents and osmotic stress. Meanwhile, ∆AaSet1 and ∆AaSet2 displayed serious vegetative growth defects in sole carbon source medium, indicating that AaSet1 and AaSet2 play an important role in carbon source utilization. In addition, ∆AaSet2 colony displayed white in color, while the wild-type colony was dark brown, indicating AaSet2 is an essential gene for melanin biosynthesis in A. alternata. AaSet2 was required for the resistance to oxidative stress. On the other hand, all of ∆AaDot1, ∆AaHMT1, and ∆AaGhd2 mutants displayed wild-type phenotype in vegetative growth, multi-stress resistance, pathogenicity, carbon source utilization, and melanin biosynthesis. To explore the regulatory mechanism of AaSet1 and AaSet2, RNA-seq of these mutants and wild-type strain was performed. Phenotypes mentioned above correlated well with the differentially expressed genes in ∆AaSet1 and ∆AaSet2 according to the KEGG and GO enrichment results. Overall, our study provides genetic evidence that defines the central role of HMTs and HDMs in the pathological and biological functions of A. alternata.
A P300-Detection Method Based on Logistic Regression and a Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Li Qi , Wu Yan , Song Yu , Zhao Di , Sun Meiqi , Zhang Zhilin , Wu Jinglong
Published: June 2022

Background

Electroencephalogram (EEG)-based brain-computer interface (BCI) systems are widely utilized in various fields, including health care, intelligent assistance, identity recognition, emotion recognition, and fatigue detection. P300, the main event-related potential, is the primary component detected by EEG-based BCI systems. Existing algorithms for P300 classification in EEG data usually perform well when tested in a single participant, although they exhibit significant decreases in accuracy when tested in new participants. We attempted to address this lack of generalizability associated with existing classification methods using a novel convolutional neural network (CNN) model developed using logistic regression (LR).

Materials and Methods

We proposed an LR-CNN model comprising two parts: a combined LR-based memory model and a CNN-based generalization model. The LR-based memory model can learn the individual features of participants and addresses the decrease in accuracy caused by individual differences when applied to new participants. The CNN-based generalization model can learn the common features among participants, thereby reducing overall classification bias and improving overall classification accuracy.

Results

We compared our method with existing, commonly used classification methods through three different sets of experiments. The experimental results indicated that our method could learn individual differences among participants. Compared with other commonly used classification methods, our method yielded a marked improvement (>90%) in classification among new participants.

Conclusion

The accuracy of the proposed model in the face of new participants is better than that of existing, commonly used classification methods. Such improvements in cross-subject test accuracy will aid in the development of BCI systems.
Radiomics Features on Computed Tomography Combined With Clinical-Radiological Factors Predicting Progressive Hemorrhage of Cerebral Contusion
Authors: Yang Qingning , Sun Jun , Guo Yi , Zeng Ping , Jin Ke , Huang Chencui , Xu Jingxu , Hou Liran , Li Chuanming , Feng Junbang
Published: June 2022

Background

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the main cause of death and severe disability in young adults worldwide. Progressive hemorrhage (PH) worsens the disease and can cause a poor neurological prognosis. Radiomics analysis has been used for hematoma expansion of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. This study attempts to develop an optimal radiomics model based on non-contrast CT to predict PH by machine learning (ML) methods and compare its prediction performance with clinical-radiological models.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed 165 TBI patients, including 89 patients with PH and 76 patients without PH, whose data were randomized into a training set and a testing set at a ratio of 7:3. A total of 10 different machine learning methods were used to predict PH. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were implemented to screen clinical-radiological factors and to establish a clinical-radiological model. Then, a combined model combining clinical-radiological factors with the radiomics score was constructed. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy and F1 score, sensitivity, and specificity were used to evaluate the models.

Results

Among the 10 various ML algorithms, the support vector machine (SVM) had the best prediction performance based on 12 radiomics features, including the AUC (training set: 0.918; testing set: 0.879) and accuracy (training set: 0.872; test set: 0.834). Among the clinical and radiological factors, the onset-to-baseline CT time, the scalp hematoma, and fibrinogen were associated with PH. The radiomics model's prediction performance was better than the clinical-radiological model, while the predictive nomogram combining the radiomics features with clinical-radiological characteristics performed best.

Conclusions

The radiomics model outperformed the traditional clinical-radiological model in predicting PH. The nomogram model of the combined radiomics features and clinical-radiological factors is a helpful tool for PH.