bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exceptional control on physical properties of a polymeric material through alcoholic solvent-mediated environment-friendly Michael addition reaction
Authors: Rather A. M. , Jana N. , Begum S. , Srivastava H. K. , Manna U.
Published: August 2017

An eco-friendly approach to synthesize the polymeric materials with various controlled physical properties is explored in this work through appropriate selection of the reaction medium (i.e. alcoholic solvent).
A multiscale study of the role of dynamin in the regulation of glucose uptake
Authors: Trouillon Raphaël , Letizia M. Cristina , Menzies Keir J. , Mouchiroud Laurent , Auwerx Johan , Schoonjans Kristina , Gijs Martin A. M.
Published: August 2017

Cells- and organisms-on-a-chip strategies were used to highlight the role of the molecular motor dynamin in regulating the translocation of specific glucose transporters.
Tetrahydroquinolinone derivatives as potent P-glycoprotein inhibitors: design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking analysis
Authors: Ranjbar S. , Firuzi O. , Edraki N. , Shahraki O. , Saso L. , Khoshneviszadeh M. , Miri R.
Published: August 2017

Tetrahydroquinolinones bearing a phenyl ring with electron-withdrawing substitution showed remarkable P-glycoprotein inhibitory activity and significantly increased rhodamine accumulation in MES-SA/DX5 cells.
Human-interactive multi-functional electronic wallpaper integrated with sensors and memory
Authors: Kanao Kenichiro , Nakata Shogo , Arie Takayuki , Akita Seiji , Takei Kuniharu
Published: August 2017

Human-interactive e-wallpaper concept is demonstrated by incorporating flexible memory, tactile touch sensor, and temperature arrays.
Defining the domains of Cia2 required for its essential function in vivo and in vitro
Authors: Vo Amanda T. , Fleischman Nicholas M. , Marquez Melissa D. , Camire Eric J. , Esonwune Stephanie U. , Grossman John D. , Gay Kelly A. , Cosman Jessica A. , Perlstein Deborah L.
Published: August 2017

Systematic mutation of Cia2's conserved motifs reveals the Cia1 binding site and suggests Cia2 has an additional, currently cryptic, function.
Nanostructures prepared via laser ablation of tin in water
Authors: Honda Mitsuhiro , Kondo Takahiro , Owashi Tatsuki , Shankar Prabakaran , Iwamori Satoru , Ichikawa Yo , Kulinich Sergei A.
Published: August 2017

Ablation of Sn in water with millisecond and nanosecond pulsed lasers produces different core@shell nanostructures.
Synthesis, characterization and properties of lanthanide coordination polymers with 3,5-bis(4-carboxyphenylmethyloxy) benzoic acid
Authors: Shi Tian , Chen Ya-Guang , Ren Xiao-Yan
Published: August 2017

Two types of lanthanide coordination polymers based on 3,5-bis(4-carboxyphenylmethyloxy) benzoic acid were synthesized under similar experimental conditions.
Structural and thermodynamic investigation of AnIVLI(O)HOPO
Authors: Aupiais J. , Younes A. , Moisy P. , Hennig C. , Rossberg A. , Brunel B. , Kerbaa M. , Vidaud C. , Den Auwer C.
Published: August 2017

For the first time, capillary electrophoresis coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry has been used to determine the stability constants of PuIV with the multidentate hydroxypyridinonate chelating agents LI(O)HOPO in 0.1 M NaNO3 solution, pcH = 1.395 at 25 °C through competition with the NTA ligand.
Significantly improved charge collection and interface injection in 3D BiVO4 based multilayered core–shell nanowire photocatalysts
Authors: Zhang Zemin , Li Yunxia , Jiang Xiao , Han Weihua , Xie Mingzheng , Wang Fangcong , Xie Erqing
Published: August 2017

Three-dimensional rGO-ITO@BiVO4 multilayered core–shell nanowire arrays as photocatalysts for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water-splitting.
Amidinoquinoxaline N-oxides: spin trapping of O- and C-centered radicals
Authors: Gruber Nadia , Orelli Liliana R. , Cipolletti Roberto , Stipa Pierluigi
Published: August 2017

New nitrones able to trap O-/C-centered radicals forming persistent adducts whose EPR parameters depend on the trapped radicals.
Fabrication of a CuBi2O4/g-C3N4 p–n heterojunction with enhanced visible light photocatalytic efficiency toward tetracycline degradation
Authors: Guo Feng , Shi Weilong , Wang Huibo , Huang Hui , Liu Yang , Kang Zhenhui
Published: August 2017

CuBi2O4/g-C3N4 p–n heterojunction photocatalysts with enhanced photocatalytic activity were prepared through a facile calcining method.
Low-temperature molten-salt synthesis and upconversion of novel hexagonal NaBiF4:Er3+/Yb3+ micro-/nanocrystals
Authors: Huang Xinyang , Jiang Liang , Xu Qiuju , Li Xiaoxia , He Aiqun
Published: August 2017

A series of NaBiF4:Er3+/Yb3+ micro-/nanocrystals were synthesized via the low-temperature molten-salt method in NH4NO3 flux.
Significantly enhanced thermoelectric performance of Cu-doped p-type Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 by a hydrothermal synthesis method
Authors: Wei Zichen , Wang Chenyang , You Li , Zhao Shijie , Yang Kang , Chen Haiyan , Luo Jun , Chen Xiaoyuan
Published: August 2017

Increased electrical conductivity and decreased thermal conductivity were achieved simultaneously in the Cu-doped Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 synthesized by a hydrothermal method.
Studying a novel AIE coating and its handling process via fluorescence spectrum
Authors: Li Weili , Yao Wei , Wang Jun , Qiu Zhenyu , Tang Jijun , Yang Shengyuan , Zhu Meifang , Xu Zexiao , Hu Rong , Qin Anjun , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: August 2017

Study the existing state of TPE–EPOXY-1 polymer chains in good solution varied with its concentration.
Modeling of phase separation across interconnected electrode particles in lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Zhao Ying , De Jesus Luis R. , Stein Peter , Horrocks Gregory A. , Banerjee Sarbajit , Xu Bai-Xiang
Published: August 2017

Non-equilibrium lithiation and its relaxation towards equilibrium in a particle network with phase-separating materials.
Facile fabrication of ultra-light and highly resilient PU/RGO foams for microwave absorption
Authors: Zhang Chunmei , Li Hua , Zhuo Zhangzhi , Dugnani Roberto , Sun Chongyang , Chen Yujie , Liu Hezhou
Published: August 2017

Ultra-light and highly resilient PU/RGO foams are fabricated by a simple dip-coating method. The composite foams exhibit excellent microwave absorption performance and can be used as good microwave absorbing commercial cladding materials.
In silico prediction of chronic toxicity with chemical category approaches
Authors: Li Xiao , Zhang Yuan , Chen Hongna , Li Huanhuan , Zhao Yong
Published: August 2017

Chemical chronic toxicity, referring to the toxic effect of a chemical following long-term or repeated sub lethal exposures, is an important toxicological end point in drug design and environmental risk assessment.
A complementary pair of enantioselective switchable organocatalysts
Authors: De Bo Guillaume , Leigh David A. , McTernan Charlie T. , Wang Shoufeng
Published: August 2017

A pair of enantioselective switchable bifunctional catalysts are shown to promote a range of conjugate addition reactions in up to 95 : 5 e.r. and 95% conversion.
Hierarchical membranes with size-controlled nanopores from photofluidization of electrospun azobenzene polymer fibers
Authors: Kang Hong Suk , Cho Hyesung , Panatdasirisuk Weerapha , Yang Shu
Published: August 2017

A hierarchical membrane consisting of precisely controlled nanopores on top of micropores is fabricatedviaphotofluidization for oil-in-water emulsion separation.
Hydrothermal synthesis of 3D hierarchical MoSe2/NiSe2 composite nanowires on carbon fiber paper and their enhanced electrocatalytic activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Zhang Long , Wang Tao , Sun Lan , Sun Yunjin , Hu Tingwei , Xu Kewei , Ma Fei
Published: August 2017

A 3D hierarchical structure of MoSe2/NiSe2 exhibits superior HER activity because of more active sites and faster transfer of electrons.
In situ transmission electron microscopy study of individual nanostructures during lithiation and delithiation processes
Authors: Zou Rujia , Cui Zhe , Liu Qian , Guan Guoqiang , Zhang Wenlong , He Guanjie , Yang Jianmao , Hu Junqing
Published: August 2017

This review highlights recent progress of usingin situTEM to study individual nanostructures using open cell design, including anode materials, cathode materials and Li–S batteries, and understand of fundamental science and reaction mechanisms during lithiation and delithiation process.
Electrochemical reduction of aqueous nitrogen (N2) at a low overpotential on (110)-oriented Mo nanofilm
Authors: Yang Dashuai , Chen Ting , Wang Zhijiang
Published: August 2017

Aqueous N2 electrochemical reduction at low overpotential of 0.14 V is achieved on (110)-oriented Mo nanofilm at ambient pressure.
The improvement of corrosion resistance, biocompatibility and osteogenesis of the novel porous Mg–Nd–Zn alloy
Authors: Liu Wei , Wang Jiaxing , Jiang Guofeng , Guo Jinxiao , Li Qiuyan , Li Bin , Wang Qiaojie , Cheng Mengqi , He Guo , Zhang Xianlong
Published: August 2017

A magnesium scaffold is a promising biodegradable bone repair material.
LncRNA-XIST interacts with miR-29c to modulate the chemoresistance of glioma cell to TMZ through DNA mismatch repair pathway
Authors: Du Peng , Zhao Haiting , Peng Renjun , Liu Qing , Yuan Jian , Peng Gang , Liao Yiwei
Published: August 2017

Temozolomide (TMZ) is the most commonly used alkylating agent in glioma chemotherapy. However, growing resistance to TMZ remains a major challenge for clinicians. Recent evidence emphasizes the key regulatory roles of non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs and miRNAs) in tumor biology, including the chemoresistance of cancers. However, little is known about the role and regulation mechanisms of lncRNA cancer X-inactive specific transcripts (XIST) in glioma tumorigenesis and chemotherapy resistance. In the present study, higher XIST expression was observed in glioma tissues and cell lines, which was related to poorer clinicopathologic features and shorter survival time. XIST knockdown alone was sufficient to inhibit glioma cell proliferation and to amplify TMZ-induced cell proliferation inhibition. Moreover, XIST knockdown can sensitize TMZ-resistant glioma cells to TMZ. XIST can inhibit miR-29c expression by directly targetting TMZ-resistant glioma cells. DNA repair protein O6-methylguanine-DNA methytransferase (MGMT) plays a key role in TMZ resistance; transcription factor specificity protein 1 (SP1), a regulator of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) key protein MSH6, has been reported to be up-regulated in TMZ-resistant glioma cell lines. In the present study, we show that XIST/miR-29c coregulates SP1 and MGMT expression in TMZ-resistant glioma cell lines. Our data suggest that XIST can amplify the chemoresistance of glioma cell lines to TMZ through directly targetting miR-29c via SP1 and MGMT. XIST/miR-29c may be a potential therapeutic target for glioma treatment.
Effect of Liuweibuqi capsules on the balance between MMP-9 and TIMP1 and viability of alveolar macrophages in COPD
Authors: Wang Chengyang , Ding Huanzhang , Tang Xiao , Li Zegeng , Gan Lei
Published: August 2017

The present study aims to investigate the effect of Liuweibuqi (LWBQ) capsules on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and TIMP1 and cell viability of alveolar macrophages (AMs) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Rats were randomly divided into normal control (NC) group, model control (MC) group, Jinshuibao (JSB) group, spleen aminopeptidase (PAT) group, and low dose of LWBQ (LWBQ low), mid dose of LWBQ (LWBQ mid), and high dose of LWBQ (LWBQ high) group (n=10). Lung function was measured with a spirometer. Serum cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected using ELISA. The expressions of MMP-9 and TIMP1 were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to measure cell viability and apoptosis. Compared with the NC group, body weight and lung function were reduced in the MC group. In addition, the serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were higher in the MC group than those in the NC group. The expression of MMP-9 protein in the AMs from rats was higher, and TIMP1 protein was lower in the MC group compared with the NC group. After LWBQ capsules treatment, compared with the MC group, the expression of inflammatory cytokines and MMP-9 were lower and TIMP1 was higher. Moreover, after LWBQ-medicated serum treatment, the release of inflammatory cytokines was reduced from AMs. Besides, LWBQ-medicated serum decreased the expression of MMP-9 and increased the expression of TIMP1 and cell viability compared with those in MC group. In conclusion, LWBQ capsules can inhibit the release of inflammatory cytokines, promote cell viability in AMs, and regulate the expression of MMP-9 and TIMP1.
Mild cold induced thermogenesis: are BAT and skeletal muscle synergistic partners?
Authors: Bal Naresh C. , Maurya Santosh K. , Pani Sunil , Sethy Chinmayee , Banerjee Ananya , Das Sarita , Patnaik Srinivas , Kundu Chanakya N.
Published: August 2017

There are two well-described thermogenic sites; brown adipose tissue (BAT) and skeletal muscle, which utilize distinct mechanisms of heat production. In BAT, mitochondrial metabolism is the molecular basis of heat generation, while it serves only a secondary role in supplying energy for thermogenesis in muscle. Here, we wanted to document changes in mitochondrial ultrastructure in these two tissue types based upon adaptation to mild (16°C) and severe (4°C) cold in mice. When reared at thermoneutrality (29°C), mitochondria in both tissues were loosely packed with irregular cristae. Interestingly, adaptation to even mild cold initiated ultrastructural remodeling of mitochondria including acquisition of more elaborate cristae structure in both thermogenic sites. The shape of mitochondria in the BAT remained mostly circular, whereas the intermyofibrilar mitochondria in the skeletal muscle became more elongated and tubular. The most dramatic remodeling of mitochondrial architecture was observed upon adaptation to severe cold. In addition, we report cold-induced alteration in levels of humoral factors: fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), IL1α, peptide YY (PYY), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), and interleukin 6 (IL6) were all induced whereas both insulin and leptin were down-regulated. In summary, adaptation to cold leads to enhanced cristae formation in mitochondria in skeletal muscle as well as the BAT. Further, the present study indicates that circulating cytokines might play an important role in the synergistic recruitment of the thermogenic program including cross-talk between muscle and BAT.
Modelling and performance analysis of amorphous silicon solar cell using wide band gap nc‐Si:H window layer
Authors: Mehmood Haris , Tauqeer Tauseef
Published: August 2017

Poor charge transport mechanism and light‐induced degradation effects are among the key factors leading to the degraded performance of single‐junction amorphous silicon (a‐Si:H) solar cells. Existent photovoltaic configurations, based on amorphous silicon carbide (a‐SiC:H) window layer, have established efficiencies in the range of 7–10%. Limited performance of such devices has been addressed by replacing a‐SiC:H with a wide band gap (∼2 eV) hydrogenated nano‐crystalline silicon (nc‐Si:H) layer that reportedly exhibits crystalline properties at small scale. Here, the proposed solar cell based on p‐nc‐Si:H/i‐a‐Si:H (buffer)/i‐a‐Si:H/n‐a‐Si:H configuration has been simulated with SILVACO TCAD by analysing window and intrinsic absorber layers thickness, as well as doping concentrations. Along with the engineering of p/i interface, in‐depth evaluation of absorber defects parameters has also been undertaken in order to reduce the recombination rate. The simulated results of an optimised single‐junction device demonstrated an open‐circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.865 V, short‐circuit current density (JSC) of 21.7 mA/cm2, Fill factor (FF) of 0.69 and power conversion efficiency of 12.93%, which is promising when compared with the solar cell already reported. The proposed structure will provide the platform for further development of low cost and efficient multijunction thin‐film amorphous solar cell technology.
Direct adaptive model predictive control tuning based on the first‐order plus dead time models
Authors: Gholaminejad Tahereh , Khaki‐Sedigh Ali , Bagheri Peyman
Published: August 2017

A direct adaptive tuning strategy is proposed for model predictive controllers. Parameter tuning is essential for a satisfactory control performance. Various tuning methods are proposed in the literature which can be categorised as heuristic, numerical and analytical methods. The proposed tuning methodology is based on an analytical model predictive control tuning approach for plants described by first‐order plus dead time models. For a fixed tuning scheme, the tuning performance deteriorates in dealing with unknown or time varying plants. To overcome this problem, an adaptive tuning strategy is utilised. It is suggested to employ a discrete‐time model reference adaptive control with recursive least squares estimations for controller tuning. The proposed method is also extended to multivariable systems. The stability and convergence of the proposed strategy is proved using the Lyapunov approach. Finally, simulation and experimental studies are used to show the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
Secure estimation for cyber‐physical systems under adversarial actuator attacks
Authors: Xie Chun‐Hua , Yang Guang‐Hong
Published: August 2017

Almost all of the available literature on secure state estimation focus on sensor attacks. Unlike the existing results, this study investigates the attack‐resilient state estimation problem for continuous‐time linear systems with sparse actuator attacks and process noises. It is assumed that, the attacker has limited resources and can only manipulate a certain number of actuators. Specifically, a novel switched observer is proposed with milder design conditions which are derived in terms of linear matrix (in)equalities. It is shown that, the observer not only provides an attack‐resilient state estimation, but also guarantees that the resulting observer error system is with noise attenuation level which can be optimised. Finally, a simulation example of a linearised reduced‐order aircraft system is provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
IDA‐PB control with integral action of Y‐connected modular multilevel converter for fractional frequency transmission application
Authors: Meng Yongqing , Shang Shuonan , Zhang Haitao , Cui Yong , Wang Xifan
Published: August 2017

Y‐connected modular multilevel converter (Y‐MMC) is a new topology of direct AC/AC power conversion, with broad application prospects in fractional‐frequency transmission system. This study studies the mathematical model of Y‐MMC and builds the port‐controlled Hamiltonian model. Since vector control scheme can hardly ensure global stability, the interconnection and damping assignment passivity‐based control (IDA‐PBC) method is applied for controller design of Y‐MMC. Three typical IDA‐PBC strategies are then proposed, featuring the asymptotical stability of the desired equilibrium. To eliminate steady‐state error, integrators are further added to the IDA‐PB controller. Different from the previous research, the proposed method enables the decoupling of different‐frequency components and the suppression of frequency leakage. Besides, the reactive power distribution coefficients are introduced to characterise the optimisation allocation of reactive power between arms. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed control strategy are verified by both the simulation and experiment results.
Research on three‐phase optimal power flow for distribution networks based on constant Hessian matrix
Authors: Zhao Fengzhan , Zhao Tingting , Ju Yuntao , Ma Kang , Zhou Xianfei
Published: August 2017

The optimal power flow (OPF) problem for active distribution networks with distributed generation (DG) and a variety of discretely adjustable devices (e.g. on‐load tap‐changers, OLTCs) is essentially a non‐convex, non‐linear, mixed‐integer optimisation problem. In this study, the quadratic model of three‐phase OLTCs is proposed by adding branch currents as unknown variables, which guarantee a constant Hessian matrix throughout iterations. This study proposes a three‐phase OPF model for active distribution networks, considering a three‐phase DG model. The OPF model is solved by an interior point method incorporating a quadratic penalty function as opposed to a Gaussian penalty function. Furthermore, a voltage regulator is also incorporated into the OPF model to form an integrated regulation strategy. The methodology is tested and validated on the IEEE 13‐bus three‐phase unbalanced test system.
Numerical accuracy of integral images computation algorithms
Authors: Puchala Dariusz , Stokfiszewski Kamil
Published: August 2017

In this study, the authors examine the issue of numerical accuracy of different variants of integral image computation algorithms both sequential and parallel (e.g. well‐suited for graphics processing units). The experimental study shows that particular arrangements of successive arithmetical operations for parallel integral image computation algorithms as well as a row–column approach can lead up to a substantial numerical accuracy improvement over classic implementations. Such accuracy differences are then experimentally shown, on the example of the image binarisation problem, to be of great significance in terms of quality of final results being obtained by image processing methods utilising integral images as a part of their processing framework. In addition, the authors draw conclusions which can later be used in the formulation of general guidelines for constructing high‐quality and time‐effective implementations of image processing methods involving integral images.
Some studies on detection and filtering algorithms for the removal of random valued impulse noise
Authors: Singh Neeti , Thilagavathy Thirusangu , Lakshmipriya Ramasubramanian T. , Umamaheswari Oorkavalan
Published: August 2017

Removing random valued impulse noise (RVIN) is a challenging task in corrupted images. This article aims to study some detection and filtering algorithms which remove RVIN in images. In addition to some state‐of‐the‐art detection and filtering algorithms, a new detection technique, measures of dispersion (MOD) algorithm, for removing very high‐density RVIN proposed by authors is also compared with existing methods. In the detection stage, rank order absolute difference, rank order logarithmic difference, adaptive switching median, triangle‐based linear interpolation, and MOD algorithms are considered. Median filter, fuzzy switching median filter, and fuzzy switching weighted median filter are used for filtering followed by the detection algorithms. Comparative studies in terms of peak signal‐to‐noise ratio and structural similarity have been devised to evaluate the performance of various filtering schemes.
Modelling the impact of offshore wind farms on safety radars onboard oil and gas platforms
Authors: Danoon Laith , Al‐Mashhadani Waleed , Brown Anthony
Published: August 2017

Offshore oil and gas (O&G) platforms and subsea assets are often protected by radar early warning systems (REWS). Offshore wind farms can be located within few nautical miles from offshore O&G assets. Wind farms can interfere with the REWS due to their large and varying returns. The REWS's performance can also be affected by the radar shadows from turbines. This study aims to introduce REWS and its basic operation. It will then highlight some of the key parameters which must be considered when modelling the potential interference of wind farms on REWS. This study will also present some modelling result for a generic wind turbine's nearfield scattering, simplified shadowing effects and the impact of turbines return on the detection threshold. Finally, a realistic scenario is considered and modelled to show the potential adverse effects of the wind farm on the detection of vessels travelling within the wind farm region.
Measurement uncertainty analysis and design of a broadband four‐port reflectometer
Authors: Odrobina Szczepan , Staszek Kamil , Wincza Krzysztof , Gruszczynski Slawomir
Published: August 2017

An impact of power distribution provided by the four‐port reflectometer network on the uncertainty of complex reflection coefficient measurements is investigated. As a result, parameters of a four‐port reflectometer with theoretically optimal power distribution that ensures the lowest obtainable measurement uncertainty are determined. In addition, a new four‐port reflectometer that allows for achieving the derived optimal parameters over a wide frequency range is proposed. It also features a simple structure; therefore, low‐cost single‐layer microstrip realisation can be easily obtained. To verify the circuit's performance, a broadband four‐port reflectometer operating in 1–3 GHz frequency range has been designed, manufactured, and used for reflection coefficients’ measurements. The obtained results are in a very good accordance with the reference values provided by measurements performed with a commercial vector network analyser.
Multi‐scan smoothing for tracking manoeuvering target trajectory in heavy cluttered environment
Authors: Memon Sufyan , Son Hungsun , Memon Kashif Hussain , Ansari Arsalan
Published: August 2017

An automatic target tracking algorithm must be capable of dealing with an unknown number of targets and their trajectory behaviour inside the surveillance region. However, due to target motion uncertainties, heavily populated clutter measurements and low detection probabilities of targets, the smoothing algorithms often fail to detect the true number of target trajectories. In this study, the authors discussed some deficiencies and insignificances of existing smoothing algorithms and proposed a new smoothing data association based algorithm called fixed‐interval integrated track splitting smoothing (ITS‐S). The proposed algorithm employ smoothing data association algorithm and compared with existing smoothing algorithms outperform in terms of target trajectory accuracy and false‐track discrimination (FTD). However, existing algorithms fail to generate smoothed target trajectory and provides insignificant FTD performance in such difficult environments as illustrated in this simulation study. The ITS‐S shows improved smoothing performance compared with that of existing algorithms for a manoeuvering target tracking in a heavily populated cluttered environment and low detection probabilities.
Regioselectivity of Mercury-Promoted Oxacyclizations of Alkynyl Diols
Authors: Hurtak Jessica , McDonald Frank
Published: August 2017

Hg(OTf)2-catalyzed cyclization of an alkynyl alcohol on a tetra­hydropyran template gives the bispyranyl ketone arising from dehydrative cyclization and alkyne hydration, rather than the targeted fused pyran-oxepane product. The combination of stoichiometric Hg(OTf)2 and triethylsilane gives reductive cyclization, but affords the fused pyran-oxocane corresponding to an 8-endo-mode oxacyclization process.
Congenital Syphilis Masquerading as Leukemia
Authors: Lee Tiffany , Bell Stephanie , Scimeme Jason , Maraqa Nizar
Published: August 2017

As of late, the incidence of congenital syphilis in the United States is increasing. Each new case represents a failure of preventing, diagnosing, and treating syphilis in pregnant women. Pediatricians should confirm that all women have received adequate screening for and management of syphilis during pregnancy. Congenital syphilis is easily treatable but may be a diagnostic challenge with high morbidity and mortality.
Uterine Extramedullary Plasmacytoma as a Primary Manifestation of Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Codorniz Ana , Cunha Renato , Fernandes Fernando , Pais Maria João , Neves Tiago , Quintana Carlos
Published: August 2017

The association between plasmacytomas and multiple myeloma (MM) is well-described, and in about one third of the cases of plasmacytoma the additional study will lead to the diagnosis of MM. The finding of plasmacytomas in the genital tract is extremely rare, with sparse cases described in the literature, and these cases pose a challenge regarding the optimal guidance and treatment. This paper describes a case of uterine extramedullary plasmacytoma in a 79-year-old woman with complaints of postmenopausal abnormal uterine bleeding. The complementary study led to the diagnosis of uterine plasmacytoma and, subsequently, of MM. Despite the unfavorable outcome of this case, we consider pertinent to report it because it constitutes a differential diagnosis to be taken into account in the approach of pelvic masses.
Simulating Internal Carotid Artery Injury during Transsphenoidal Transclival Endoscopic Surgery in a Perfused Cadaver Model
Authors: van Doormaal Tristan , Diederen Sander , van der Zwan Albert , Berkelbach Jan , Kropveld Arvid , Depauw Paul
Published: August 2017

Introduction Managing internal carotid artery (ICA) injury during extended endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery is an extreme challenge. We aimed to find a possible surgical treatment strategy.

Methods We operated seven fresh, perfused cadaver heads with a transsphenoidal endoscopic approach of the ICA using a three-dimensional-high definition (3D-HD) endoscope. We made a paraclival ICA leak, which we tried to manage with clips and microsutures.

Results Accurate transsphenoidal clip application on the ICA was impossible with standard aneurysm clips and applier. It was only feasible with a 9 mm slightly bended clip that could be opened from the inside and be applied with a dedicated flexible thin applier. Transsphenoidal suturing of an ICA leak was impossible from the ipsilateral nostril or with standard microinstruments. Suturing was only feasible from the contralateral nostril using flexible microinstruments with a thin 90-mm shaft. This was technically very challenging and involved a steep learning curve.

Conclusion Tamponade with muscle or fat and a quick transfer to the angiography suite for endovascular control remains the preferable option in case of an ICA leak during endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery. If tamponade gives insufficient initial control, ICA clipping could be possible with dedicated instruments, with risk of increasing the defect, stenosis, or occlusion of the vessel. Transsphenoidal ICA suturing remains extremely difficult, and laboratory practice seems essential.
Alstrom Syndrome with Novel ALMS1 Mutations: A Case Report
Authors: Liu Lanrong , Li Hong , Shi Lixin
Published: August 2017

Objective To report novel mutations of ALMS1 and evaluate clinical characteristics in the Chinese Child with Alstrom syndrome (ALMS).

Methods The Child and his parents were examined clinically and venous blood was collected. ALMSl gene analysis was carried out using DNA Sanger sequencing. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplified ALMS1 gene exons and splice sequence. The objective products were directly sequenced and analyzed. Pathogenic gene mutations were identified by contrast with the transcript (GRCh37/hg19).

Results The Child had typical clinical features of Alstrom syndrome. Sequencing the ALMS1 gene confirmed 2 novel heterozygous non-sense mutations in exon8, c.4600C>T (p.Q1534X) and in exon16, c.11410C>T (p.R3804X), respectively, resulting in premature protein truncation.

Conclusions 2 novel heterozygous non-sense mutations were identified in the Chinese Child with Alstrom syndrome, expanding the ALMS1 gene mutations causing Alstrom syndrome.
The Rotator Interval – A Link Between Anatomy and Ultrasound
Authors: Tamborrini Giorgio , Möller Ingrid , Bong David , Miguel Maribel , Marx Christian , Müller Andreas , Müller-Gerbl Magdalena
Published: August 2017

Shoulder pathologies of the rotator cuff of the shoulder are common in clinical practice. The focus of this pictorial essay is to discuss the anatomical details of the rotator interval of the shoulder, correlate the anatomy with normal ultrasound images and present selected pathologies. We focus on the imaging of the rotator interval that is actually the anterosuperior aspect of the glenohumeral joint capsule that is reinforced externally by the coracohumeral ligament, internally by the superior glenohumeral ligament and capsular fibers which blend together and insert medially and laterally to the bicipital groove. In this article we demonstrate the capability of high-resolution musculoskeletal ultrasound to visualize the detailed anatomy of the rotator interval. MSUS has a higher spatial resolution than other imaging techniques and the ability to examine these structures dynamically and to utilize the probe for precise anatomic localization of the patient’s pain by sono-palpation.
Durchblick im Paragrafendschungel
Authors: Riedinger Tobias
Published: August 2017

Das Medizinproduktegesetz im OP Damit Gesetzestexte im Arbeitsalltag
angewendet werden können, müssen sie verstanden werden. Häufig ist die
Terminologie jedoch fremd, der Leser steht vor einem undurchsichtigen
Paragrafendschungel. Unser Autor erläutert deshalb Schritt für Schritt, welche
Richtlinien und Verordnungen bei der Einweisung in Medizinprodukte zum Einsatz
kommen, veranschaulicht die Pflichten der Anwender und Betreiber und gibt einen
Überblick über die Einteilung sowie die Risikoklassen von Medizinprodukten.
Der Einfluss von Interventionen körperlich-sportlicher Aktivität am Arbeitsplatz auf die
psychische Gesundheit von Beschäftigten – ein systematisches Review
Authors: Wolbring L. , Abbott A. , Bachert P. , Wäsche H.
Published: August 2017

Arbeitsplatzanforderungen und damit psychische Belastungen von Arbeitnehmern * haben in letzter Zeit zugenommen. Untersuchungen konnten zeigen, dass körperlich-sportliche
Aktivität hier entgegenwirken kann. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist, einen systematischen Überblick über
Studien zu geben, die den Einfluss von Interventionen körperlich-sportlicher Aktivität am Arbeitsplatz
auf die psychische Gesundheit von Beschäftigten untersuchen. 5 der 10 Studien zeigten einen positiven
Einfluss auf die psychische Gesundheit, wobei vor allem Interventionen, die mindestens 3-mal pro Woche
stattfanden, einen positiven Effekt erkennen ließen.
Creating Healthy Workplaces in Challenging Times
Authors: Kirsten W. , Ogata A.
Published: August 2017

Rising exposure to chronic diseases and related risk factors have led to a notable increase in
attributable disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in the last 25 years. This concerning trend has
highlighted the need for additional efforts to address behavioral risk factors for chronic diseases. The
workplace has proven to be an effective setting to mitigate and improve these risk factors and a growing
number of employers worldwide are recognizing their role in advancing employee health and well-being. The
question remains what constitutes a healthy workplace and successful programming, which produce positive
outcomes for business and employees. The World Health Organization (WHO) Healthy Workplace Model for
Action provides globally relevant guidance on how to create a healthy workplace via a continual
improvement process.
Simple Rules, Not So Simple: The Use of International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) Terminology and Simple Rules in Inexperienced Hands in a Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Meys Evelyne , Rutten Iris , Kruitwagen Roy , Slangen Brigitte , Lambrechts Sandrina , Mertens Helen , Nolting Ernst , Boskamp Dieuwke , Van Gorp Toon
Published: August 2017

Objectives To analyze how well untrained examiners – without experience in the use of International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) terminology or simple ultrasound-based rules (simple rules) – are able to apply IOTA terminology and simple rules and to assess the level of agreement between non-experts and an expert.

Methods This prospective multicenter cohort study enrolled women with ovarian masses. Ultrasound was performed by non-expert examiners and an expert. Ultrasound features were recorded using IOTA nomenclature, and used for classifying the mass by simple rules. Interobserver agreement was evaluated with Fleiss’ kappa and percentage agreement between observers.

Results 50 consecutive women were included. We observed 46 discrepancies in the description of ovarian masses when non-experts utilized IOTA terminology. Tumor type was misclassified often (n = 22), resulting in poor interobserver agreement between the non-experts and the expert (kappa = 0.39, 95 %-CI 0.244 – 0.529, percentage of agreement = 52.0 %). Misinterpretation of simple rules by non-experts was observed 57 times, resulting in an erroneous diagnosis in 15 patients (30 %). The agreement for classifying the mass as benign, malignant or inconclusive by simple rules was only moderate between the non-experts and the expert (kappa = 0.50, 95 %-CI 0.300 – 0.704, percentage of agreement = 70.0 %). The level of agreement for all 10 simple rules features varied greatly (kappa index range: -0.08 – 0.74, percentage of agreement 66 – 94 %).

Conclusion Although simple rules are useful to distinguish benign from malignant adnexal masses, they are not that simple for untrained examiners. Training with both IOTA terminology and simple rules is necessary before simple rules can be introduced into guidelines and daily clinical practice.
Hafer (Avena sativa)
Authors: Eisenmann-Tappe Iris
Published: August 2017

Vom Unkraut zum Alleskönner – Hafer wirkt hautberuhigend, stresslösend, blutzucker- und cholesterinsenkend.
Die Kraft der Worte
Authors: d’Albert Yan
Published: August 2017

Mantras und Affirmationen bieten die Möglichkeit, innezuhalten und sich auf das rhythmische Wiederholen der Worte zu konzentrieren. Die positiven Botschaften und die Schwingungen der Töne sorgen für die Ausschüttung von Glückshormonen und wirken auf die Hirnaktivität ein. Auch mit den Atem- und Heilworten steht eine einfache Methode zur Verfügung, um innere Ruhe zu finden und positive Informationen gezielt im Unterbewusstsein zu speichern.
Aldosterone Hypothesis for Cognitive Impairment in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Saha Sarama , Bornstein Stefan , Graessler Juergen , Chakrabarti Sasanka , Kopprasch Steffi
Published: August 2017

Increased plasma aldosterone concentration is significantly associated with dementia, which is accentuated by diabetes mellitus (DM). Angiotensin II (AngII) deteriorates cognitive function through neuronal degradation. Lipoproteins, a major source of cholesterol for aldosterone biosynthesis, undergo glycoxidative modifications in the presence of hyperglycemia. We hypothesize that there would be a pathophysiological link between diabetically-modified lipoproteins, angiotensin II, and increased plasma aldosterone concentration for induction of cognitive impairment. Glycoxidized lipoproteins produce significantly more aldosterone from AngII-sensitized adrenocortical cells compared to their native counterparts. The elucidation of signaling mechanisms revealed that modified lipoproteins follow the similar signaling mechanism like AngII for adrenocortical aldosterone release via ERK1/2 and Janus kinase-2 (Jak-2)-mediated pathways. The enhanced aldosterone release from AngII-sensitized adrenocortical cells induced by glycoxidatively modified lipoproteins may play a crucial role in cognitive dysfunction in diabetic individuals along with AngII via a prevailing mode of signaling cascade involving ERK1/2- and Jak-2-dependent pathways.
Versorgungsforschung der Anti-VEGF-Therapie: Selektion und methodische Besonderheiten
Authors: Ziemssen Focke , Stahl Andreas , Dimopoulos Spyridon
Published: August 2017

Die anwendungsnahe Versorgungsforschung hat zum Ziel, die Wirksamkeit und Qualität einer Behandlung wie der Anti-VEGF-Therapie im Alltag zu verbessern. Sie eröffnet darüber hinaus die Möglichkeit, über eine kritische Analyse der Kosten die Wirtschaftlichkeit darzustellen und Entscheidungen von Gesundheitspolitikern und Kostenträgern zu unterstützen. Prospektiv kontrollierte Studien (Randomized controlled Trials; RCTs) haben zwar ohne Frage ihre Berechtigung, die Wirksamkeit einer Therapie unter kontrollierten Einflussfaktoren zu erfassen. Trotz niedriger Verzerrungspotenziale bilden sie aber nur eine kleine Stichprobe großer, heterogener Patientengruppen z. B. mit neovaskulärer Makuladegeneration und diabetischem Makulaödem ab. RCTs beantworten somit oft auch nicht relevante Fragen, z. B. wie eine Behandlung konkret umgesetzt werden sollte oder wie sich Einflussfaktoren (Behandlungsverzögerung, Adhärenz, seltene Nebenwirkungen, Pharmakovigilanz) auf den Einsatz in der klinischen Routine auswirken.

Wenn aufgrund von Komorbiditäten, Drop-out-Raten oder seltener Phänotypen der Einschluss in RCTs nicht sinnvoll oder möglich ist, stellen Beobachtungsstudien ohne Randomisierung oder Behandlungsvorgaben gute Alternativen dar, ergänzende Aspekte zu evaluieren. Nichtsdestotrotz ist es gerade für die Erhebung weicherer Zielparameter wie Visus und patientenbezogener Parameter (Patient related Outcome; PRO) von Bedeutung, die Limitationen und Stärken eines nicht interventionellen Designs zu kennen. Eine genaue Kenntnis statistischer Phänomene (Floor/Ceiling Effect) oder Vorgaben/Einschränkungen kann verhindern, dass Selektionsphänomene übersehen oder fehlinterpretiert werden. Zu viele Studien verzichten jedoch leider auf die Angabe zeitabhängiger Parameter und liefern über das Ausblenden von Patienten mit schlechterem Ansprechen ein positives Zerrbild der Wirklichkeit.
Fremd und doch vertraut: Obertongesang
Authors: Saus Wolfgang
Published: August 2017

Unter Obertongesang versteht man eine Gesangstechnik, die den Eindruck erweckt, der Sänger würde zwei Töne gleichzeitig singen. Durch die ungewöhnlichen Klänge bietet Obertonsingen Potenzial für den therapeutischen Einsatz, beispielsweise bei Kindern mit Autismusspektrumstörung. Obertongesang erhöht die Fähigkeit, sich empathisch in andere Menschen einzufühlen, und wird in der Gesangspädagogik genutzt, um Stimmprobleme zu lindern.
Unruhe und Ernährung
Authors: Pothmann Raymund
Published: August 2017

Die Zusammensetzung der Nahrung kann bereits in der Säuglingsperiode zu gesundheitlichen Störungen mit Unruhe führen. Besonders Kuhmilch, Zucker und Zusatzstoffe in verarbeiteten Nahrungsmitteln können zu Gesundheitsstörungen führen, die mit Unruhe einhergehen.

Mit einer triggerarmen Ernährung können die Beschwerden speziell bei Migräne, Neurodermitis, Pruritus und Asthma, aber auch bei Hyperaktivität nichtmedikamentös gelindert werden. Bei belastenden, nicht oder nur schwer vermeidbaren Allergenen und Nahrungsmitteln bildet die akupunkturgestützte Toleranzsteigerung eine hilfreiche Option.
Schöllkraut als Teedroge: Das Risiko übersteigt den Nutzen
Authors: Meyer Egbert
Published: August 2017

Schöllkraut ist eine naturheilkundlich geschätzte Heilpflanze und Bestandteil zahlreicher, bewährter Rezepturen in der Erfahrungsheilkunde. Sie darf jedoch aufgrund ihrer Toxizität innerlich nur noch in bestimmten Mengen angewandt werden. Fertigpräparate gewährleisten, dass die Menge der toxischen Inhaltsstoffe das zugelassene Maß nicht überschreitet. Eine Anwendung des Schöllkrauts als Teedroge ist dagegen nicht mehr sinnvoll möglich und wegen möglicher leberschädigender Nebenwirkungen auch nicht zu empfehlen.
Checklist and Scoring System for the Assessment of Soft Tissue Preservation in CT Examinations of Human Mummies: Application to the Tyrolean Iceman
Authors: Panzer Stephanie , Pernter Patrizia , Piombino-Mascali Dario , Jankauskas Rimantas , Zesch Stephanie , Rosendahl Wilfried , Hotz Gerhard , Zink Albert R.
Published: August 2017

Purpose Soft tissues make a skeleton into a mummy and they allow for a diagnosis beyond osteology. Following the approach of structured reporting in clinical radiology, a recently developed checklist was used to evaluate the soft tissue preservation status of the Tyrolean Iceman using computed tomography (CT). The purpose of this study was to apply the “Checklist and Scoring System for the Assessment of Soft Tissue Preservation in CT Examinations of Human Mummies” to the Tyrolean Iceman, and to compare the Iceman’s soft tissue preservation score to the scores calculated for other mummies.

Materials and Methods A whole-body (CT) (SOMATOM Definition Flash, Siemens, Forchheim, Germany) consisting of five scans, performed in January 2013 in the Department of Radiodiagnostics, Central Hospital, Bolzano, was used (slice thickness 0.6 mm; kilovolt ranging from 80 to 140). For standardized evaluation the “CT Checklist and Scoring System for the Assessment of Soft Tissue Preservation in Human Mummies” was used.

Results All checkpoints under category “A. Soft Tissues of Head and Musculoskeletal System” and more than half in category “B. Organs and Organ Systems” were observed. The scoring system accounted for a total score of 153 (out of 200). The comparison of the scores between the Iceman and three mummy collections from Vilnius, Lithuania, and Palermo, Sicily, as well as one Egyptian mummy resulted in overall higher soft tissue preservation scores for the Iceman.

Conclusion Application of the checklist allowed for standardized assessment and documentation of the Iceman’s soft tissue preservation status. The scoring system allowed for a quantitative comparison between the Iceman and other mummies. The Iceman showed remarkable soft tissue preservation.

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Strategies in Interventional Radiology: Formation of an Interdisciplinary Center of Vascular Anomalies – Chances and Challenges for Effective and Efficient Patient Management
Authors: Sadick Maliha , Dally Franz , Schönberg Stefan , Stroszczynski Christian , Wohlgemuth Walter
Published: August 2017

Background Radiology is an interdisciplinary field dedicated to the diagnosis and treatment of numerous diseases and is involved in the development of multimodal treatment concepts.

Method Interdisciplinary case management, a broad spectrum of diagnostic imaging facilities and dedicated endovascular radiological treatment options are valuable tools that allow radiology to set up an interdisciplinary center for vascular anomalies.

Results Image-based diagnosis combined with endovascular treatment options is an essential tool for the treatment of patients with highly complex vascular diseases. These vascular anomalies can affect numerous parts of the body so that a multidisciplinary treatment approach is required for optimal patient care.

Conclusion This paper discusses the possibilities and challenges regarding effective and efficient patient management in connection with the formation of an interdisciplinary center for vascular anomalies with strengthening of the clinical role of radiologists.

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Microwave Ablation (MWA): Basics, Technique and Results in Primary and Metastatic Liver Neoplasms – Review Article
Authors: Vogl Thomas , Nour-Eldin Nour-Eldin , Hammerstingl Renate , Panahi Bita , Naguib Nagy
Published: August 2017

Purpose The locoregional interventional oncological treatment approach is an accepted modality for liver neoplasms, especially for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and oligonodular liver metastases.

Materials and Methods The main aim of ablation therapies like microwave ablation (MWA) is to eradicate all malignant cells in a minimally invasive technique under imaging guidance while preserving the healthy tissue with a sufficient safety margin (at least 5 mm) surrounding the ablated lesion.

Results Ablation therapy can be performed via a percutaneous, laparoscopic or intraoperative approach under ultrasound, MRI or CT guidance for adequate localization and monitoring of the ablation process.

Conclusion Ablation is the method of choice for oligonodular HCCs ≤ 3 cm. The technical success rate varies from 88 % to 98 % and progression-free survival (PFS) at 3 years from 27 % to 91.7 %. The same criteria apply to the therapy of liver metastases.

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