bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recent Crop‐To‐Weed Adaptive Introgression Has Reshaped the Genomic Composition and Geographical Structure of US Weedy Rice (Oryza spp.)
Authors: Wedger Marshall J. , Xiao Evan , Butts Thomas R. , Chlapecka Justin L. , Webster L. Connor , Olsen Kenneth M.
Published: December 2024

Weedy rice is a close relative of cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) that infests rice fields worldwide and drastically reduces yields. To combat this agricultural pest, rice farmers in the southern US began to grow herbicide‐resistant (HR) rice cultivars in the early 2000s, which permitted the application of herbicides that selectively targeted weedy rice without harming the crop. The widespread adoption of HR rice coincided with increased reliance on hybrid rice cultivars in place of traditional inbred varieties. Although both cultivated and weedy rice are predominantly self‐fertilising, the combined introductions of HR and hybrid rice dramatically altered the opportunities and selective pressure for crop‐weed hybridization and adaptive introgression. In this study, we generated genotyping‐by‐sequencing data for 178 weedy rice samples collected from across the rice growing region of the southern US; these were analysed together with previously published rice and weedy rice genome sequences to determine the recent genomic and population genetic consequences of adaptive introgression and selection for herbicide resistance in US weedy rice populations. We find a reshaped geographical structure of southern US weedy rice as well as purging of crop‐derived alleles in some weed strains of crop‐weed hybrid origin. Furthermore, we uncover evidence that related weedy rice strains have made use of different genetic mechanisms to respond to selection. Lastly, we identify widespread presence of HR alleles in both hybrid‐derived and nonadmixed samples, which further supports an overall picture of weedy rice evolution and adaptation through diverse genetic mechanisms.
Embargo in the Context of Hybrid Warfare: A Case Study of Diplomatic Crisis in Qatar
Authors: Lu Jinbiao , Liu Zhiqin , Gura Dmitry
Published: December 2024

This study intends to examine the embargo as a tool for waging a hybrid war using the example of the Qatar diplomatic crisis. The research suggests that the introduction of an embargo may not only be a legitimate restrictive measure under modern international law, but also a hidden tool for waging hybrid warfare. This study confirms the presence of signs of a hybrid war against Qatar, and that the embargo can act as its tool in modern conditions. Herewith, the example of the Qatar diplomatic crisis does not provide univocal proofs that the measures of trade restrictions taken were precisely the tools of an aggressive hybrid war waged against the country. At the same time, the high level of interconnectedness between the economy of Qatar and the economies of the leading Gulf countries before and after the introduction of the embargo can be considered as one of the factors exacerbating the impact of the embargo and enhancing its role as a tool of hybrid pressure. Against this background, the evidence of the genuine motives for imposing an embargo can serve as a qualifying sign of waging a hybrid war.
Landslide Knowledge Representation Based on Hypergraph Theory
Authors: Zhang Chunju , Xu Bing , Chu Chaoqun , Ye Peng , Zhang Xueying , Zhou Kang , Liu Wencong
Published: December 2024

High‐precision, multi‐source landslide monitoring data are crucial for disaster prevention and management. These datasets provide explicit landslide descriptions. Integrating this data with landslide mechanisms, using knowledge graphs can enhance early monitoring and forecasting. However, traditional knowledge graphs often oversimplify landslide knowledge, failing to capture the complexity of geological environments and landslide evolution. Spatio‐temporal knowledge graphs face challenges in representing intricate relationships. A hypergraph (HG), where an edge connects multiple nodes, offers a better representation of these complexities. This paper proposes an HG‐based method for landslide knowledge representation, organizing multi‐source information and knowledge through binary or multiple relationships under specific temporal and spatial conditions. A case study of the Miaodian landslide, which experienced multiple sliding events, shows that the proposed landslide knowledge HG outperforms other knowledge graphs like YAGO, Geographic Knowledge Graph (GeoKG), and Geographic Evolutionary Knowledge Graph (GEKG) in completeness, accuracy, and redundancy, demonstrating its effectiveness.
Safety and efficacy of a novel mini‐pool intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in children with primary immunodeficiency
Authors: Selim Alshaimaa M. , Kamal Taghreed M. , Abdou Madeen Adel A. , NasrEldin Eman , Abdelhameed Nada O. , Abdallah Mariam E. , Osman Naglaa S. , Atwa Maha , El‐Ekiaby Magdy
Published: December 2024

Background and Objectives

Intravenous polyvalent immunoglobulins (IVIG) for prophylaxis in patients with primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDs) exposes them to life‐threatening infections and debilitating diseases. To improve access to IVIG in lower middle‐income countries, the WHO recommends a stepwise approach for the local production of purified and virus‐inactivated plasma immunoglobulins by national blood transfusion services using new technologies and medical devices. One new technology relies on single‐use sterile medical devices for the purification of plasma immunoglobulin G (IgG), as well as lipid‐enveloped virus inactivation from mini‐pools of recovered plasma separated from whole blood (mini‐pool IVIG [MP‐IVIG]). This study aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of MP‐IVIG to standard IVIG (STD‐IVIG).

Materials and Methods

In this prospective crossover clinical study, we investigated the safety and efficacy of MP‐IVIG for STD‐IVIG preparations as a replacement therapy in a cohort of 21 paediatric patients with PID.

Results

Both MP‐IVIG and STD‐IVIG were effective in reducing the frequency of severe bacterial infections and hospital admissions in patients with PID. Mild side effects have been observed in seven patients (6.2%) with PID who received MP‐IVIG and five patients (5.3%) who received STD‐IVIG. No moderate or severe side effects or haemolytic transfusion reactions were reported. The mortality rates were also comparable and were not related to the study products.

Conclusion

MP‐IVIG presented no safety issues and was as effective as STD‐IVIG in IgG replacement in patients with PID. Due to the small numbers, the results have to be addressed with caution.
Natural Gas for Marine Lean-Burn Spark Ignition Engines: A Combustion Stability Analysis
Authors: Kiouranakis Konstantinos I. , de Vos Peter , Sapra Harsh , Geertsma Rinze
Published: December 2024

Spark-ignition (SI) engines emerge as a viable solution for specific marine applications, offering low-noise operation and emissions mitigation, as well as great potential to utilize high-octane number alternative fuels, such as methanol, ammonia, and hydrogen. However, heavy-duty (HD) SI engines still face challenges such as knocking and combustion instability. Particularly for lean combustion conditions, these engines exhibit the most pronounced cyclic combustion variations. This paper investigates the combustion stability of a 500 kW marine lean-burn natural-gas (NG) engine, a promising candidate for reducing emissions in marine applications. We focus on analyzing in-cylinder pressure measurements to quantify combustion characteristics, emphasizing cycle-to-cycle combustion variation, and exploring the influence of operating parameters like spark timing (ST) and air excess ratio (λ). Our findings demonstrate a clear trade-off between NOx and COVIMEP emissions through variations in the λ and ST. We identified a transition zone characterized by an increasing number of late-burning cycles at higher λ, before partial burning cycles began at further dilution. Following this, we established a new threshold of 6% for COVIMEP to determine unstable combustion. Notably, increasing dilution from a λ of 1.12 to 1.61 decreased NOx emissions from 17.83 g/kWh to 0.16 g/kWh, well below IMO Tier III standards, while COVIMEP increased from 1.72% to 13.42%. These insights highlight the potential for advancing SI technology for marine applications and the need for further research to optimize both combustion and emissions in such engines.
Characterization of Knocking Pressure Data From Two Closely Spaced Transducers: Effect of Transducer Mounting
Authors: Caselli Andrea , Frigo Stefano , Ghandhi Jaal B.
Published: December 2024

In this study, pressure data acquired simultaneously from two different, closely spaced pressure transducers were compared to understand the quantification of knock intensity. The comparison between four different transducer models located in the same position showed very small changes in the power spectral density, suggesting that the transducer has a limited effect on the results. Simultaneous data acquired from the different locations were found to be significantly different, independent of transducer. This was shown to be the result of a small passage, which was only 0.25 mm longer than the manufacturer’s recommended length, that existed for one of the transducers; the other transducer had a passage shorter than the manufacturer’s specification. The nearly flush transducer showed clearly defined peaks in the power spectral density all the way to 40 kHz, but the passage produced a broadband disturbance in the frequency domain from 20–50 kHz. This disturbance significantly affected the knock measurement but largely did not affect the heat release analysis. A moving-window cross correlation between the two pressure signals, which eliminates any phase differences, showed that there was high correlation between the signals on a cycle-by-cycle basis after a period of time after knock onset. The knock intensity, characterized by the maximum amplitude of pressure oscillations, showed poor correlation between the two locations. The difference in the knock intensity was also evaluated using a ring-down magnitude method, which showed better comparison. Recommendations for, and assessment of the absolute quantification of knock intensity are provided.
Effects of Exhaust Gas Recirculation on Laminar Burning Velocity and Flame Structure of Hydrogen/Air Flames
Authors: Barain Ahmed , Toulson Elisa
Published: December 2024

Engines have been a crucial element in powering our world since their invention. New decarbonization technologies are needed, and hydrogen fuel, often referred to as the fuel of the future, has gained significant interest in this regard. The relatively high flame temperature of hydrogen fuel is associated with higher NOx emissions, and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) can be used to address this. However, exhaust gas recirculation changes the reactivity and the laminar burning velocity of the mixture, which plays a significant role in flame stability and fuel burning rates. Hence, investigating the effect of EGR on laminar burning velocity is crucial for efficient hydrogen engines. Laminar burning velocity measurements were performed by observing the outwardly propagating flames in a constant volume combustion vessel. Measurements were taken at 2 bar, 373 K, equivalence ratios of 0.7 and 1.0, and dilution ratios of 0% to 50%. Chemical kinetic simulations were combined with the experimental measurements to quantify the effects of EGR (35% H2O+65%N2) on the laminar burning velocity and Markstein length. Results regarding Lewis number, flame thickness, and expansion ratio across the flame showed that adding higher EGR dilution can change flame stability and reduce cellularity of the hydrogen flames.
Comparative Study on the Effect of Premixed Equivalence Ratio on Engine Characteristics of Ammonia Fuelled Engine Under Diesel Pilot Ignition Vs Spark Ignition Combustion Mode
Authors: Kurien Caneon , Mounaïm-Rousselle Christine
Published: December 2024

The adoption of zero-carbon fuel like ammonia will play a key role in the achievement of carbon neutrality targets. This work reports a comparative study on the effect of premixed equivalence ratio (varied from 0.8 to 1.25) on combustion and emission characteristics of ammonia fueled engine operating initially under (a) compression ignition (CI) mode (ignited by dodecane pilot injection), and then converted to (b) spark ignition (SI) mode (by replacing fuel injector with spark plug). The experiments were performed in a single-cylinder engine (compression ratio = 16.4:1) and the ammonia energy fraction was maintained at 95% during the CI mode and 100% ammonia in the SI mode. Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectrometer was used for measuring the exhaust emissions, which included unburned ammonia (NH3), nitrogen oxide (NOx), nitrous oxide (N2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2). The results of this study indicated that neat ammonia operation could be achieved satisfactorily by converting the existing CI engine configuration to operate in spark ignition mode, and the stable engine operation with lower COVIMEP (less than 3%) was observed to be possible at near-stoichiometric to rich conditions. The power output and indicated thermal efficiency are lower in SI mode than in CI mode, certainly due to the occurrence of multiple auto-ignition sites. Moreover, the unburned ammonia emissions were observed to be higher in SI mode as compared to CI mode, especially in rich conditions. As expected, the carbon-based emissions reduced significantly in the SI operating mode as it is only due to lubricant oil leakages. N2O emissions were higher at near stoichiometric-rich conditions (Φpremix 1.05 to 1.25) emissions but negligible in SI mode, except at the highest equivalence ratio (1.25). As N2O has very high global warming potential (265 times CO2 after 100 years) CO2–equivalent impact was evaluated by considering both N2O and CO2 emissions.
A Numerical Study on Combustion and Emissions Characteristics of Diesel/Biodiesel Blends in a Locomotive Engine
Authors: Suresh Rahul , Wang Yiqing , Xu Chao , Ewphun Pop-Paul , Biruduganti Munidhar , Fu Xiao , Aggarwal Suresh K.
Published: December 2024

There is a pressing need for decarbonizing the hard-to-electrify transportation sectors, including rail, to achieve the net-zero-carbon goal by 2050. Due to the long lifetime of locomotive engines, adopting alternative drop-in fuels such as biofuels and their blends with conventional petroleum diesel in existing engine platforms is a promising solution to rapidly reduce the carbon footprint with relative low cost. It is therefore imperative to improve the understanding of the combustion and emissions characteristics of biofuels such as biodiesel, renewable diesels, and their blends with diesel to ensure a smooth transition away from conventional diesel in locomotive engines. In this study, a comprehensive numerical investigation is performed into the effect of substitution of diesel with a low-cloud-point (LCP) biodiesel on engine combustion performance and emissions characteristics in a four-stroke locomotive engine. A five-component surrogate for the LCP biodiesel is developed as part of this study using the Monte-Carlo sampling method targeting key physical and chemical properties. Results show that the newly developed biodiesel surrogate predicts the physical and chemical properties very well. A reduced chemical reaction mechanism is developed for the diesel/biodiesel blends and validated against literature data on ignition delay measurements. Three-dimensional (3-D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are carried out using the new biodiesel surrogate, the V0a diesel surrogate, and the new reduced reaction mechanism. The engine CFD model is first validated against the measured pressure and heat release traces as well as the emissions data from experiments with the diesel fuel. The validated model is then applied to diesel/biodiesel blends with varying blending ratios. Results show that the combustion characteristics between different diesel/biodiesel blends are very similar. However, soot emissions decrease significantly by a factor of 1.55 while NOx emissions increase by a factor of 1.81 as the biodiesel blending ratio is increased.
Suitable Way of Using Waste Cooking Oil in Diesel Engine
Authors: Bansal Vinay , Raheman Hifjur
Published: December 2024

The emission challenges associated with fossil fuel usage have spurred extensive research into renewable alternatives. Biomass-based fuels have gained prominence recently due to their lower emission footprint. Using waste cooking oil (WCO) in diesel engines is one such approach to address environmental and energy-related issues. Instead of costly transesterification processes, WCO from restaurants can be effectively repurposed by incorporating alcohol to reduce its density as well as viscosity and increase its heating value. Preheating WCO can further lower its viscosity. Ternary blends of diesel, preheated waste cooking oil (PWCO), and alcohol offer a cost-efficient means to partially substitute diesel while reducing the viscosity of WCO. Among alcohols, n-octanol has the most closely aligned physical properties with diesel fuel. This study focuses on enhancing various physicochemical properties of WCO using n-octanol at varying ratios. The objective is to replace up to 50% volume of diesel with PWCO as a reusable fuel and n-octanol as a renewable biogenic fuel. Through property measurements and optimization using Microsoft Excel’s Solver tool, three optimal blends were identified: D50W40O10, D50W35O15, and D50W30O20. The blends exhibited improved fuel properties compared to the WCO. These blends were evaluated and compared with diesel fuel and D50W50 blend in terms of their impact on engine performance and emission characteristics. Based on the findings of this study, it can be inferred that WCO can be utilized along with n-octanol for power generation, thereby reducing the environmental hazards associated with its disposal. This approach may offer a more sustainable solution to managing waste products than simply dumping them into sewage systems and disposal sites.
SI Engine Efficiency Analysis Over a Wide Range of Conditions Using Air & Fuel Perspectives
Authors: Phlips Patrick
Published: December 2024

A first principles model of indicated mean effective pressure as a linear function of volumetric efficiency is developed. Because air and fuel are proportional for stoichiometry, it is also a model of indicated efficiency. The model summarizes the thermodynamic efficiency across the engine map in a few coefficients. It is demonstrated using data from 2 production SI engines, NA and TC. When the combustion location is optimal (MBT), the marginal indicated efficiency is insensitive to speed, load, or mixture enrichment. It is about 41% or 14 bar gmep per unit volumetric efficiency for both engines. When combustion is retarded from MBT, the efficiency drops off with the square of the retard but remains proportional to volumetric efficiency. The whole engine map is described by a regression in terms of volumetric efficiency, rpm, and CA50. The coefficients are defined very sharply with a standard high-resolution data set (280 points), and still well defined on a low-resolution (40 points) regularly spaced subset of data. The thermodynamic characterization of an engine can therefore be achieved with reduced testing. As the model is linear, it can be reversed for the feedforward control of air and fuel. Both features can help accelerate engine development.
Aftertreatment System for Light-Duty Gasoline Compression Ignition (LD-GCI) for Ultra-Low Criteria Emissions
Authors: Sellnau Mark , Lago Rafael Sari , Shah Ashish , Whitney Christopher , Reddy Srikanth , Kramer Jan
Published: December 2024

It is widely recognized that internal combustion engines (ICE) are needed for global transport for years to come, however, demands on ICE fuel efficiency, emissions, cost, and performance are extremely challenging. Gasoline compression ignition (GCI) is one approach to achieving demanding efficiency and emissions targets. At Aramco Research Center-Detroit, an advanced, multi-cylinder GCI engine was designed and built using the latest combustion system, lean aftertreatment, and engine controls. The combustion system uses the PPCI-diffusion process for ultra-low NOx and smoke. A P2 48V mild hybrid system was integrated on the engine for braking energy recovery.

The aftertreatment system was developed to meet US 2026 Tier3-Bin30 emissions standards and be compatible with Tier4-Bin20 standards. The system was comprised of an oxidation catalyst, a particulate filter, and an electrically heated SCR catalyst. The catalyst layout was extremely compact with several features to create and conserve exhaust heat in the system. The combustion and aftertreatment system calibrations were co-optimized through a series of parametric tests.

Engine out NOx and smoke emissions were typically 1.3 g/kWh and 0.2 FSN over the map with low urea consumption of 3% of fuel rate (typ). Tailpipe emissions of NOx, smoke, HC, and CO were close to zero at most warm operating conditions. Characterization of smoke emissions showed very low levels of smoke but also low levels of ultrafine particles (5–50nm). Trapping efficiency for all particle sizes (5 to 560nm) in the particulate filter was typically > 98%, and the filter was continuously and 100% passively regenerated at all tested operating conditions.

This paper provides a description of the catalyst substrates and wash coats and presents emissions and temperature data for warmed-up calibration mapping tests. The work shows that GCI has evolved as an ultra-efficient and ultra-low criteria emissions technology for future transport.
Ultrasound measurements and normal findings in the thyroid gland
Authors: Srivastava Saubhagya , Dighe Manjiri , Möller Kathleen , Chammas Maria Cristina , Dong Yi , Cui Xin-Wu Cui , Dietrich Christoph Frank
Published: December 2024

The present work describes the process of the sonographic examination, normal findings and measurements in the B-mode ultrasound evaluation. Reference is made to anatomical variants in shape, the pyramidal lobe, tubercle of Zuckerkandl, ectopic thyroid tissue, and their significance. Particular attention is paid to the reference values, the very miscellaneous reference values in different geographic regions of the world and influencing factors.
REVIEWS OF ACOUSTICAL PATENTS
Authors: Fulop Sean A.
Published: December 2024

The purpose of these acoustical patent reviews is to provide enough information for a Journal reader to decide whether to seek more information from the patent itself. Any opinions expressed here are those of the reviewers as individuals and are not legal opinions. Patents are available via the internet at the USPTO website, http://uspto.gov.
Passive acoustic identification tags for marking underwater docking stations
Authors: Somaan Nizar , Bhardwaj Ananya , Sabra Karim G.
Published: December 2024

Navigation of autonomous underwater vehicles requires accurate positioning information, notably during docking and homing operations. This letter demonstrates the feasibility of using a constellation of passive Acoustic Identification (AID) to enable accurate localization of a docking station by an of autonomous underwater vehicle. Scaled experiments are conducted using a pair of AID tags composed of multiple concentric hemispherical acrylic layers, each of which generates a unique backscattered acoustic signature when ensonified by a broadband ultrasonic transducer. A parameterized signal processing detection methodology is implemented to improve the detectability of AID tags in the presence of clutter.
Supplemental Material: Geology and genesis of the world-class wollastonite deposit at Shizhushan in South China and implications for exploration
Authors: Yang Yanshen , Yang Zhiming , al. et
Published: December 2024

Tables S1–S4 and Figure S1.
Integrating binding affinity and tonic signaling enables a rational CAR design for augmented T cell function
Authors: Barden Markus , Elsenbroich Patrick Ronan , Haas Vivian , Ertelt Moritz , Pervan Philip , Velas Lukas , Gergely Bence , Szöőr Árpád , Harrer Dennis Christoph , Bezler Valerie , Holzinger Astrid , Friis Rasmus Ulslev Wegener , Vereb Gyorgy , Schütz Gerhard J , Schoeder Clara T , Hombach Andreas A , Abken Hinrich
Published: December 2024

Background

The success of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy for hematological malignancies has not yet translated into long-term elimination of solid tumors indicating the need for adequately tuning CAR T cell functionality.

Methods

We leveraged a translational pipeline including biophysical characterization and structural prediction of the CAR binding moiety, evaluation of cellular avidity, synapse formation, T cell motility, and functional capacities under repetitive target challenge and in sustained tumor control.

Results

As an example of clinical relevance, we derived a panel of anti-Her2 CARs covering a 4-log affinity range, all expected to target the same Her2 epitope. The same scFv mutations increased both antigen-specific affinity, cellular avidity, and antigen-independent “tonic” signaling; above a minimum threshold, raise in affinity translated into functional avidity in a non-linear fashion. In this case, replacement by amino acids of higher hydrophobicity within the scFv coincidentally augmented affinity, non-specific binding, spontaneous CAR clustering, and tonic signaling, all together relating to T cell functionality in an integrated fashion.

Conclusions

Data emphasize that tonic signaling is not always due to the positive charge but can be driven by hydrophobic interactions of the scFv. CAR binding affinity above the threshold and tonic signaling are required for sustained T cell functionality in antigen rechallenge and long-term tumor control.
What Are We Learning from Plant Pangenomes?
Authors: Jayakodi Murukarthick , Shim Hyeonah , Mascher Martin
Published: December 2024

A single reference genome does not fully capture species diversity. By contrast, a pangenome incorporates multiple genomes to capture the entire set of nonredundant genes in a given species, along with its genome diversity. New sequencing technologies enable researchers to produce multiple high-quality genome sequences and catalog diverse genetic variations with better precision. Pangenomic studies have detected structural variants in plant genomes, dissected the genetic architecture of agronomic traits, and helped unravel molecular underpinnings and evolutionary origins of plant phenotypes. The pangenome concept has further evolved into a so-called superpangenome that includes wild relatives within a genus or clade and shifted to graph-based reference systems. Nevertheless, building pangenomes and representing complex structural variants remain challenging in many crops. Standardized computing pipelines and common data structures are needed to compare and interpret pangenomes. The growing body of plant pangenomics data requires new algorithms, huge data storage capacity, and training to help researchers and breeders take advantage of newly discovered genes and genetic variants.
Improvement of Sleeve for Gas Axial Flow Regulating Valve and Analysis of Flow Field Characteristics
Authors: Gu Xiuqin , Liu Kailei , Zhong Haifang , Yang Jing , Zhang Huabing
Published: December 2024

The research on the gas axial flow regulating valve is one of the key tasks for the localization of critical valves in natural gas pipelines. With the main purpose of improving the design of the sleeve of the gas axial flow regulating valve, numerical simulation calculations are conducted on the internal flow passage of the gas axial flow control valve by using fluid simulation software. According to the existing design of the valve sleeve, the design scheme of the valve sleeve is improved by changing the diameter of the throttle hole of the valve sleeve. After improving the valve sleeve, eight simulations have been performed at different openings to analyze the velocity field, pressure distribution, and variations in aerodynamic noise within the flow passage at two design schemes. A comparison is also made between two valves for their respective flow fields and noise characteristics which use two different sleeve designs. The simulation results indicate that appropriately increasing the throttle aperture can improve the flow performance of a gas axial flow regulating valve, reducing noise levels to below 100 dB at medium and small openings.
Educational Advices for New‐Graduate Nurse on Social Media in China: A Grounded Theory Study
Authors: Liu Xiaolei , Feng Xiangying , Zhang Meixia , Liu Jun , Chen Min
Published: December 2024

Aims: This study aimed to excavate the entry advices and suggestions for new‐graduate nurses.

Background: Research based on social media analysis for advices to new‐graduate nurses is rare. We conducted a detailed analysis and modularization of the relevant contents based on social media.

Design: A grounded theory study based on social media content.

Methods: The answers to questions such like “What’s your advices and suggestions for new‐graduate nurses?” on a famous social media platform in China were searched, collected, coded, and analyzed until September 2023.

Results: Four core category modules including professional knowledge module, professional ability module, socialization and interpersonal communication module, and personal trait module were established. The theoretical framework of 21 main categories was also established.

Conclusion: Social media contents provide valuable and experienced advices and suggestions for new‐graduate nurses in an efficient and convenient way. The analysis of these contents is helpful for new‐graduate nurse education and management.
Supplementary Tables S2 and S3 from Extracellular Vesicle–Packaged ACSL4 Induces Hepatocyte Senescence to Promote Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression
Authors: Hou Pei-pei , Zheng Chong-ming , Wu Si-hong , Liu Xi-xiao , Xiang Guang-xin , Cai Wei-yang , Chen Gang , Lou Yong-liang
Published: December 2024

Table S2.Clinical pathological information of HCC samples and corresponding immunoreactive scores (IRS) of ACSL4 and nuclear SREBP2; Table S3. Identification of ACSL4-interacting proteins by mass spectrometry.
Supplementary Data from CD24-Targeted NIR-II Fluorescence Imaging Enables Early Detection of Colorectal Neoplasia
Authors: Guo Xiaoyong , Luo Shuangling , Wang Xiaofeng , Cui Yingying , Li Miaomiao , Zhang Zeyu , Fu Lidan , Cao Caiguang , Shi Xiaojing , Liu Haifeng , Qu Yawei , Gao Xiangyu , Hu Zhenhua , Tian Jie
Published: December 2024

figure S1, S2
Supplementary Data from NUAK1-Mediated Phosphorylation of NADK Mitigates ROS Accumulation to Promote Osimertinib Resistance in Non–Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
Authors: Lin Wei , Wang Na , Wu Shihao , Diao Mingxin , Huang Quanfu , Li Kuo , Mei Peiyuan , Wang Xiaojun , Liao Yongde , Meng Yunchong
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Tables 1-10
Figure S9 from B7-H3–Targeted CAR-Vδ1T Cells Exhibit Potent Broad-Spectrum Activity against Solid Tumors
Authors: Jiang Licui , You Fengtao , Wu Hai , Qi Changsong , Xiang Shufen , Zhang Ping , Meng Huimin , Wang Min , Huang Jiequn , Li Yafen , Chen Dan , An Gangli , Yang Nan , Zhang Bozhen , Shen Lin , Yang Lin
Published: December 2024

Safety study of IL-2 release from AQ-CAR-IL2-Vδ1T cells
Figure S4 from B7-H3–Targeted CAR-Vδ1T Cells Exhibit Potent Broad-Spectrum Activity against Solid Tumors
Authors: Jiang Licui , You Fengtao , Wu Hai , Qi Changsong , Xiang Shufen , Zhang Ping , Meng Huimin , Wang Min , Huang Jiequn , Li Yafen , Chen Dan , An Gangli , Yang Nan , Zhang Bozhen , Shen Lin , Yang Lin
Published: December 2024

In vitro cytotoxicity of AQ-CAR-IL2-Vδ1T against B7-H3 positive MDA-MB-231 cells
Supplementary figure 7 from Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis Identifies Senescent Osteocytes That Trigger Bone Destruction in Breast Cancer Metastasis
Authors: Kaur Japneet , Adhikari Manish , Sabol Hayley M. , Anloague Aric , Khan Sharmin , Kurihara Noriyoshi , Diaz-delCastillo Marta , Andreasen Christina Møller , Barnes Charles Lowry , Stambough Jeffrey B. , Palmieri Michela , Reyes-Castro Olivia , Zarrer Jennifer , Taipaleenmäki Hanna , Ambrogini Elena , Almeida Maria , O’Brien Charles A. , Nookaw Intawat , Delgado-Calle Jesus
Published: December 2024

Supplementary figure 7
Supplementary figure 4 from Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis Identifies Senescent Osteocytes That Trigger Bone Destruction in Breast Cancer Metastasis
Authors: Kaur Japneet , Adhikari Manish , Sabol Hayley M. , Anloague Aric , Khan Sharmin , Kurihara Noriyoshi , Diaz-delCastillo Marta , Andreasen Christina Møller , Barnes Charles Lowry , Stambough Jeffrey B. , Palmieri Michela , Reyes-Castro Olivia , Zarrer Jennifer , Taipaleenmäki Hanna , Ambrogini Elena , Almeida Maria , O’Brien Charles A. , Nookaw Intawat , Delgado-Calle Jesus
Published: December 2024

Supplementary figure 4
Supplementary figure 13 from Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis Identifies Senescent Osteocytes That Trigger Bone Destruction in Breast Cancer Metastasis
Authors: Kaur Japneet , Adhikari Manish , Sabol Hayley M. , Anloague Aric , Khan Sharmin , Kurihara Noriyoshi , Diaz-delCastillo Marta , Andreasen Christina Møller , Barnes Charles Lowry , Stambough Jeffrey B. , Palmieri Michela , Reyes-Castro Olivia , Zarrer Jennifer , Taipaleenmäki Hanna , Ambrogini Elena , Almeida Maria , O’Brien Charles A. , Nookaw Intawat , Delgado-Calle Jesus
Published: December 2024

Supplementary figure 13
Supplementary figure 12 from Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis Identifies Senescent Osteocytes That Trigger Bone Destruction in Breast Cancer Metastasis
Authors: Kaur Japneet , Adhikari Manish , Sabol Hayley M. , Anloague Aric , Khan Sharmin , Kurihara Noriyoshi , Diaz-delCastillo Marta , Andreasen Christina Møller , Barnes Charles Lowry , Stambough Jeffrey B. , Palmieri Michela , Reyes-Castro Olivia , Zarrer Jennifer , Taipaleenmäki Hanna , Ambrogini Elena , Almeida Maria , O’Brien Charles A. , Nookaw Intawat , Delgado-Calle Jesus
Published: December 2024

Supplementary figure 12
Supplementary Tables from MYC Drives mRNA Pseudouridylation to Mitigate Proliferation-Induced Cellular Stress during Cancer Development
Authors: Ding Jane , Bansal Mohit , Cao Yuxia , Ye Bingwei , Mao Rui , Gupta Anamika , Sudarshan Sunil , Ding Han-Fei
Published: December 2024

Table S1. primers and oligonucleotides. Table S2. Microarray gene expression profiling (shPUS7-33 vs shGFP). Table S3. Functional annotation of PUS7 knockdown-responsive genes. Table S4. 13C-glucose metabolic flux analysis. Table S5. 13C-15N-glutamine metabolic flux analysis. Table S6. Nanopore RNA seq - MCTS1 mRNA Y modification. Table S7. Proteomic analysis of proteins downregulated by PUS7 knockdown in BE(2)-C cells. Table S8. Polysome enrichment of transcripts with higher levels of pseudouridylation. Table S9. Nanopore RNA seq - ATF4 mRNA Y modification
Data from CD24-Targeted NIR-II Fluorescence Imaging Enables Early Detection of Colorectal Neoplasia
Authors: Guo Xiaoyong , Luo Shuangling , Wang Xiaofeng , Cui Yingying , Li Miaomiao , Zhang Zeyu , Fu Lidan , Cao Caiguang , Shi Xiaojing , Liu Haifeng , Qu Yawei , Gao Xiangyu , Hu Zhenhua , Tian Jie
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Colorectal cancer continues to be a major health issue even though screening methods have facilitated early detection. Despite the high sensitivity of white-light colonoscopy, it frequently overlooks invasive flat or depressed lesions, which can lead to the development of larger, advanced tumors. Fluorescence molecular imaging offers a promising approach for early tumor detection by targeting specific molecular characteristics of lesions. CD24 is upregulated during the adenoma-to-colorectal cancer transition, providing a potential target for fluorescence molecular imaging. In this study, we developed a second near-infrared window (NIR-II) fluorescent probe with a high affinity for CD24 and evaluated its efficacy and targeting ability in cellular models, murine models, and clinical samples of colorectal cancer. CD24 expression was elevated in 76% of adenomas and 80% of colorectal cancers. In a colitis-associated cancer mouse model, NIR-II imaging with the CD24-targeted probe achieved a significantly higher tumor-to-background ratio compared with conventional NIR-I imaging. The probe demonstrated exceptional sensitivity (92%) and specificity (92%) for detecting colorectal cancer, including small lesions less than 1 mm in size. This led to the identification of precancerous lesions missed by white-light detection and lesions missed by NIR-I imaging. Moreover, ex vivo human tissue incubation with the probe supported the potential for intraprocedural lesion identification via topical probe application during colonoscopy. In conclusion, this study successfully demonstrates the potential of CD24-targeted NIR-II imaging for identifying colorectal neoplasia, highlighting its significance for early colorectal cancer detection in the gastrointestinal tract.

Significance: Overexpression of CD24 in colorectal dysplasia provides the opportunity to use an NIR-II fluorescent probe targeting CD24 to detect colorectal neoplasms, including invisible lesions that are missed by white-light colonoscopy.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Identification of High-Incidence Populations in the United States for Anti–Epstein-Barr Virus Serologic Screening for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Clark Payton E. , Taparra Kekoa , Miller Jacob A.
Published: December 2024

Figure S2. One-way deterministic sensitivity analysis plotting variation in model parameters against median proportional increase (right) or decrease (left) in incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) per GDP. Model parameters that most impacted ICERs are sorted top to bottom. WHO, World Health Organization; OS, overall survival; NED, no evidence of disease; LRR, locoregional recurrence; DM, distant metastasis; NPC, nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Supplementary Table 3 from Cervical Cancer Screening Utilization among Kidney Transplant Recipients, 2001 to 2018
Authors: Hsu Christine D. , Yu Xiaoying , Guo Fangjian , Adekanmbi Victor , Kuo Yong-Fang , Westra Jordan , Berenson Abbey B.
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Table 3 shows the cervical cancer screening exam modalities for the first post-transplant screening exam.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Cervical Cancer Screening Utilization among Kidney Transplant Recipients, 2001 to 2018
Authors: Hsu Christine D. , Yu Xiaoying , Guo Fangjian , Adekanmbi Victor , Kuo Yong-Fang , Westra Jordan , Berenson Abbey B.
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Figure S1 shows the study flow diagram with inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Table S1 from The Role of Residential Segregation in Treatment and Outcomes of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast
Authors: Nabi Oumarou , Liu Ying , Struthers James , Lian Min
Published: December 2024

Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios of local treatment for racialized economic segregation in women with DCIS by year of DCIS diagnosis.
Supplementary Table S3 from Associations of Prostate Tumor Immune Landscape with Vigorous Physical Activity and Prostate Cancer Progression
Authors: Huang Lanshan , Winter Sarah J. , Olsson Linnea T. , Hamilton Alina M. , Halliday Sophia R. , Kirk Erin L. , Farnan Laura , Gerstel Adrian , Craig Stephanie G. , Finn Stephen P. , LaBonte Wilson Melissa , Jain Suneil , Troester Melissa A. , Butler Eboneé N. , Bensen Jeannette T. , Wobker Sara E. , Allott Emma H.
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Table S3. Associations of physical activity and TILs in prostate cancer stratified by ERG status in the UNC CSC.
Supplementary Table S2 from Hepatocellular Carcinoma Etiology Drives Survival Outcomes: A Population-Based Analysis
Authors: Cranford Hannah M. , Jones Patricia D. , Wong Robert J. , Liu Qinran , Kobetz Erin N. , Reis Isildinha M. , Koru-Sengul Tulay , Pinheiro Paulo S.
Published: December 2024

2. Supplementary Table S2 shows International Classification of Diseases discharge codes used to define cirrhosis and ascites.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Associations of Prostate Tumor Immune Landscape with Vigorous Physical Activity and Prostate Cancer Progression
Authors: Huang Lanshan , Winter Sarah J. , Olsson Linnea T. , Hamilton Alina M. , Halliday Sophia R. , Kirk Erin L. , Farnan Laura , Gerstel Adrian , Craig Stephanie G. , Finn Stephen P. , LaBonte Wilson Melissa , Jain Suneil , Troester Melissa A. , Butler Eboneé N. , Bensen Jeannette T. , Wobker Sara E. , Allott Emma H.
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Figure S2. Concordance between QuPath algorithm and pathologist and reproducibility across times. A-D, Bland-Altman plots showing differences in TILs% between QuPath algorithm and manual counting in (A) stroma of tumor core, (B) gland of tumor core, (C) stroma of tumor adjacent, and (D) gland of tumor adjacent. E-H, Differences of TILs% one year later by same performer using QuPath. Concordance by ICC values: ≤0.20, poor; 0.21 to 0.40, fair; 0.41 to 0.60, moderate; 0.61 to 0.80, good, and ≥0.81, excellent. CI, confidence interval; ICC, intraclass correlation coefficient; TILs, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Associations of Prostate Tumor Immune Landscape with Vigorous Physical Activity and Prostate Cancer Progression
Authors: Huang Lanshan , Winter Sarah J. , Olsson Linnea T. , Hamilton Alina M. , Halliday Sophia R. , Kirk Erin L. , Farnan Laura , Gerstel Adrian , Craig Stephanie G. , Finn Stephen P. , LaBonte Wilson Melissa , Jain Suneil , Troester Melissa A. , Butler Eboneé N. , Bensen Jeannette T. , Wobker Sara E. , Allott Emma H.
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Figure S1. Correlation plot for the relationship of gene expression-based with histological measures of immune infiltrate in prostate cancer. Gene expression-based measures include B cells, T cells, Th cells, Tfh, Treg, exhausted CD4 T cells, CD8 T cells, exhausted CD8 T cells, NK cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophages and immune signature. Histological measures include TILs% tumor gland, TILs% tumor stroma and neutrophils grade tumor. Spearman’s correlation. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. TILs, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes.
Table S3 from Plasma Ghrelin and Risks of Sex-Specific, Site-Specific, and Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: Hazelwood Emma , Lopez Manzano Catalina , Vincent Emma E. , Albanes Demetrius , Bishop David Timothy , Le Marchand Loïc , Ulrich Cornelia M. , Peters Ulrike , Murphy Gwen , Samadder Niloy Jewel , Anderson Laura , Gunter Marc J. , Murphy Neil , Van Guelpen Bethany , Papadimitriou Nikos
Published: December 2024

Power calculations for genetically predicted ghrelin and colorectal cancer risk
Supplementary Figure S1 from Racial, Ethnic, and Socioeconomic Disparities in Meeting Physical Activity Guidelines among Female Breast Cancer Survivors in the United States
Authors: Wojcik Kaitlyn M. , Wilson Oliver W.A. , Shiels Meredith S. , Sheppard Vanessa B. , Jayasekera Jinani
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Figure S1: Inclusion/Exclusion Criteria for Adult Women without Cancer
Supplementary Table S2 from High Gastric Cancer Mortality and Years of Life Lost in Nicaragua: A Population-Based Study 1997 to 2012
Authors: Peña-Galo Edgar M. , Palacios-Navarro Guillermo , Pastora-Membreño Javier , Torres-Herman Tatiana , Norwood Dalton A. , Montalvan-Sanchez Eleazar E. , Beasley Timothy , Bravo Luis E. , Morgan Douglas R.
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Table S2 displays the period deviations for gastric cancer mortality across 5-year and year-by-year intervals, highlighting the deviation values and their 95% confidence intervals, along with the p-values for assessing the statistical significance of these deviations.
Supplementary Figure S1 from High Gastric Cancer Mortality and Years of Life Lost in Nicaragua: A Population-Based Study 1997 to 2012
Authors: Peña-Galo Edgar M. , Palacios-Navarro Guillermo , Pastora-Membreño Javier , Torres-Herman Tatiana , Norwood Dalton A. , Montalvan-Sanchez Eleazar E. , Beasley Timothy , Bravo Luis E. , Morgan Douglas R.
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Figure S1 Shows the Flowchart of death registration in Nicaragua.
Supplemental Table 4 from Adiposity throughout Adulthood and Risk of Young-Onset Breast Cancer Tumor Subtypes in the Young Women’s Health History Study
Authors: Marcus Post Lydia , Pathak Dorothy R. , Hamilton Ann S. , Hirko Kelly A. , Houang Richard T. , Guseman Emily H. , Sanfelippo Dan , Bohme Carnegie Nicole , Olson L. Karl , Rui Hallgeir , Schwartz Ann G. , Velie Ellen M.
Published: December 2024

Supplemental Table 4 shows associations between adiposity throughout adulthood and odds of YOBC among premenopausal women
Supplementary Table S2 from High Incidence of Gastric Cancer in El Salvador: A National Multisectorial Study during 2000 to 2014
Authors: Ruiz de Campos Lisseth , Valdez de Cuellar Marisabel , Norwood Dalton A. , Carrasco Tiffany Y. , Montalvan-Sanchez Eleazar E. , Rodriguez Funes Maria-Virginia , Beasley Timothy , Dominguez Ricardo L. , Bravo Luis E. , Morgan Douglas R.
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Table S2 shows the crude and age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) of gastric cancer in El Salvador from 2000 to 2024 for males by year including the standard error and 95% confidence intervals.
Supplementary Table S1 from High Incidence of Gastric Cancer in El Salvador: A National Multisectorial Study during 2000 to 2014
Authors: Ruiz de Campos Lisseth , Valdez de Cuellar Marisabel , Norwood Dalton A. , Carrasco Tiffany Y. , Montalvan-Sanchez Eleazar E. , Rodriguez Funes Maria-Virginia , Beasley Timothy , Dominguez Ricardo L. , Bravo Luis E. , Morgan Douglas R.
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Table S1 shows the crude and age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) of gastric cancer in El Salvador from 2000 to 2024 for females by year including the standard error and 95% confidence intervals.
Supplementary Table S1 from Population-Based Study of Gastric Cancer Survival and Associations in Rural Western Honduras
Authors: Dominguez Ricardo L. , Montalvan-Sanchez Eleazar E. , Norwood Dalton A. , Rodriguez-Murillo Aida , Dominguez Lucia , Estevez Ordoñez Dagoberto , Beasley Timothy , Bravo Luis E. , Morgan Douglas R.
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Table S1 presents the results of testing the proportional hazards assumption for various covariates included in a Cox proportional hazards model. Each row corresponds to a different variable, detailing the chi-square statistic, degrees of freedom (df), and associated p-value for the test. Variables tested include Sex, Age Category with subcategories, Cancer Type, Cancer Location, and Treatment. P-values greater than 0.05 generally indicate that the proportional hazards assumption holds for the respective variable, suggesting that the effect of the variable on the hazard rate is consistent over time.
Supplementary Table S2 from Cancer Mortality among Hispanic Groups in the United States by Birthplace (2003–2017)
Authors: He Yuelin , Pinheiro Paulo S. , Tripathi Osika , Nguyen Helen , Srinivasan Malathi , Palaniappan Latha P. , Thompson Caroline A.
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Table S2 summarises the age-adjusted mortality rates and Standardized Mortality Ratios for foreign-borns and US-borns by Hispanic ethnicity and cancer sites, pooled estimates across 15 years.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Population-Based Study of Gastric Cancer Survival and Associations in Rural Western Honduras
Authors: Dominguez Ricardo L. , Montalvan-Sanchez Eleazar E. , Norwood Dalton A. , Rodriguez-Murillo Aida , Dominguez Lucia , Estevez Ordoñez Dagoberto , Beasley Timothy , Bravo Luis E. , Morgan Douglas R.
Published: December 2024

Supplementary Figure S2 displays Arjas-like plots used to assess the goodness-of-fit for a statistical model. Each panel, numbered 1 through 8, represents the comparison of observed counts (dashed lines) against expected counts (solid lines) across different quantiles of the linear predictor. The plots are organized by the quantiles of the linear predictor, and they visually assess whether the observed counts align with those expected under the model across various subgroups or bins. A close alignment between these two lines across all plots suggests a good fit of the model to the observed data.