bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Entrepreneurial Skills and Performance of Women’s Small Enterprises in Turkana County, Kenya
Authors: SAMUEL KABLIT EWOTON , NJIBWAKALE ALBERT WANAMBISI
Published: October 2024

Performance enterprise is important determinant for survival and meeting stakeholders’ interests. However, a performance enterprise has been a concern as many small enterprises report dismal performances. Entrepreneurial dimensions are reported to leverage competitiveness, survival and growth of enterprises. Thus, study attempted to examine influence of entrepreneurial skills on performance of women owned small enterprises in Turkana County, Kenya. The study was guided by three specific objectives: evaluate the influence networking skills on performance of women’s small enterprises, to determine influence of communication skills on performance of women’s small enterprises and to investigate the influence of innovation skills on performance of women’s small enterprises in Turkana County, Kenya. The study was anchored on the Opportunity Based Entrepreneurship Theory, stakeholders’ theory and resource based firm theory. The study employed descriptive research design consisting of both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The target population was 1235 respondents, comprising of the management/owners of the women enterprises in Turkana County, Kenya. The sample size was 302 respondents obtained using the simple random techniques. The study utilized questionnaires to collect data. A pilot test was conducted to ensure data validity and reliability of the research instrument. The study employed both descriptive and inferential statistics with aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 29 software. Descriptive statistics such as mean, frequencies and standard deviations assisted in summarizing sample characteristics, while inferential statistics regression, correlations and ANOVA to establish relationships. The findings of the study created insights among the operators influence of entrepreneurial skills on performance of women’s small enterprises in Turkana County, Kenya. Secondly, contribute to policy makers’ influence of contributing entrepreneurial skills on performance of women’s small enterprises. Lastly, to results contributed to academic discourse on entrepreneurial skills on performance of firms. Networking skills explained 43.2% of performance of women’s small enterprises in Turkana County, Kenya, communication skills 61.0%, and innovation skills 38.2% of performance of women’s small enterprises in Turkana County, Kenya. The study recommended for further research work to be conducted to review the influence of other variables on performance of women’s small enterprises in other counties in Kenya.

Keywords: Strategy implementation, Strategy Evaluation, Accessibility of NGO’s to Donor Funding
A Preliminary Antidepressant Assessment of a Novel Piperoyl Amide (Y3) Isolated and Elucidated from Piper nigrum Drupes Extract, Justifying Interaction Over MAO-A enzyme: An in vivo, in vitro and Molecular Docking Approach
Authors: Yusuf Mohammad
Published: October 2024

This research aims to confirm the preliminary antidepressant activity of a newly discovered piperoyl amide (Y3) obtained from the extract of Piper nigrum (P. nigrum) drupes, through the inhibition of MAO-A enzyme. Column chromatography was employed for isolation and purification of Novel piperoyl-alkyl amide (Y3) which was eluted in a solvent mixture of Chloroform-Methanol (97:3). Structure elucidation was performed by implying spectroscopic techniques. Invitro in-comparison MAO activity assessment was performed between Y3 and piperine further confirmed by Molecular docking via Auto Dock Tools 1.5.6, Vina, and PyMOL. Invivo antidepressant activity was evaluated by the Despair Test in albino mice. Novel piperoyl-alkyl amide (Y3) was isolated and purified by column chromatography and elucidated spectroscopically. The antidepressant activity of Y3 at 10 and 20 mg/kg doses shown a significant decrease in immobility-time (IT) in contrast to stressed-control group at 107.0±7.6 sec (P<0.05) and 96.0±7.6 sec (P<0.01), respectively. Y3 shown a decent MAO-A inhibitory activity but lower than piperine showing IC50=20.24 µM, Vmax=1.375±0.3 nM/min/mg, Km=1.379×10-16 µM with a stronger interaction and better affinity (-12.6 kcal/mol) towards the active-site of MAO-A. Y3 was isolated and elucidated as (12E,14E)-15-(benzo[d] [1,3] dioxol-5-yl)-N-ethylpentadeca-12,14-dienamide. It proved a good antidepressant at 10 and 20 mg/kg doses. Molecular docking over MAO-A and QSAR studies depicted a better affinity score of Y3 than Piperine.

Keywords: Piperoyl amide, Structure elucidation, antidepressant activity, molecular modeling, Piperine
Case Report on Griscelli Syndrome with Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: V Kurian Sherin , Chandrasekhar Gouli , G. S Latha
Published: October 2024

Objective: This case report was written with the intention of educating pediatric caregivers regarding the early detection and management of Griscelli Syndrome type 2 (GS2), thereby preventing fatal consequences, and to draw light on the necessity for premarital genetic counselling and education in public.
Case Report: A two months and 7 days old male baby presented with tachycardia, fever, abdominal distension, cough, loose stools, and vomiting. Head to toe examination showed hypo-pigmented hair with silvery grey eyebrows and eyelashes. Bone marrow aspiration showed increased histiocytes exhibiting haemophagocytosis. Suspecting Griscelli Syndrome, genetic test was done which indicated RAB27A gene mutations, thereby confirming the GS2 diagnosis. The child was treated with 2 litres of oxygen with nasal prong, meropenem, fluconazole, dexamethasone and packed red blood cell transfusion. In view of worsening sepsis baby was given with vancomycin, tigecycline and cyclosporine and later intubated.
Conclusion: Consanguineous marriages are common in India and are one of the major reason for autosomal recessive disorders like GS2 in newborns. This highlights the need of both premarital genetic counseling and education among public.

Keywords: Hypopigmented hair, haemophagocytosis, abdominal distension, RAB27A mutation
Azolla Liquid Fertilizer (Azolla pinnata) And Chicken Manure Fertilizer on the Growth and Yield of Shallots
Authors: Sajar Suryani , Setiawan Andi , Tri Anzani Adella
Published: October 2024

This study aims to see the effect of giving Azolla liquid organic fertilizer and chicken manure on the growth and yield of shallots. The research method used a factorial Randomized Block Design (RAK) consisting of 2 factors with 16 combinations and 3 blocks. The first factor is the provision of azolla liquid organic fertilizer consisting of 4 levels, namely 0 ml / l water / m2, 200 ml / l water / m2, 400 ml / l water / m2, 600 ml / l water / m2. The second factor is the provision of chicken manure consisting of 4 levels, namely 0 kg / m2, 0.5 kg / m2, 1.0 kg / m2 and 1.5 kg / m2. The provision of azolla liquid organic fertilizer has a significant effect on the parameters of the number of tillers, the number / plant, the wet weight of bulbs / plant, the dry weight of bulbs / plant. The provision of azolla liquid organic fertilizer 600 ml / liter of water / m2 gave the best effect on all observation parameters. The provision of chicken manure gave a significant effect on the parameters of plant height, number of leaves, number of shoots, number of bulbs/ plant, wet weight of bulbs/plant, dry weight of bulbs/plant. The dose of chicken manure of 1.5 kg/m2 showed the best effect for all observation parameters. The interaction between the provision of liquid organic fertilizer azolla and chicken manure did not differ significantly in all treatments.

Keywords: Azolla, Chicken Manure, Red Onion
Les stratégies de transformation sociétale déployées par les organisations économiques dans une perspective de décroissance face au dépassement des limites planétaires
Authors: Decka Jean-Philippe
Published: October 2024

Faced with the threat to the sustainability of human civilization and the survival of a large proportion of living ecosystems, degrowth proposes a response in the form of democratically organized ecological planning towards a post-growth model of society. In this perspective of radical societal transformation, what is the place and role of economic organizations whose production activities are primarily responsible for the current disaster? The research focuses on economic organizations whose purpose is dedicated to transforming society in line with the principles of degrowth, by analyzing the strategies they have experimented with since their creation, at different scales, to participate in concrete shifts in the way society functions.
L’économie sociale et solidaire, un mode d’entreprendre pour la post-croissance ?
Authors: Duverger Timothée
Published: October 2024

Under what conditions can the SSE provide a mode of enterprise and development for post-growth? To answer this question, this article first looks at the place occupied by the SSE in degrowth theories, particularly the tensions that run through them, its prospects and its limits. It then looks at what the SSE can contribute to a post-growth economy, both from the point of view of territorial meso-economic development and cooperative modes of enterprise. This play of mirrors not only elucidates the problem surrounding the notion of development, but also paves the way for convergence between the two movements.
L’économie sociale et solidaire et pratiques décroissantes : étude de deux initiatives communautaires en France et au Luxembourg
Authors: Evrard ESSUMAN Gilles , EMRICK-SCHMITZ Elena
Published: October 2024

In the quest for sustainable futures, the concept of degrowth offers logics that challenge the prevailing growth-oriented economic paradigm. This article delves into the role of two community-led initiatives in France & Luxembourg embodying and advancing the principles of degrowth: Le Biau Jardin in France and OUNI in Luxembourg. We have identified these enterprises as critical case studies in exploring the potential of enterprises operationalizing degrowth through their alternative practices prioritizing environmental sustainability, social equity, and local resilience. Le Biau Jardin, a cooperative farming initiative, and OUNI, Luxembourg's first zero-packaging grocery store, illustrate how alternative economic models can contribute to degrowth by fostering practices of collective ownership, local production, and consumption that respect ecological limits and prioritize human and planetary well-being. Drawing from our own personal involvement as well as ethnographic investigation comprising of participant observation and expert interviews spanning over several years, this paper analyzes how these enterprises navigate the complexities of existing within a capitalist system while embodying degrowth values through innovative organizational structures, financing as well as their operations and governance. This investigation highlights the opportunities and challenges faced by community-led enterprises in advancing degrowth objectives, shedding light on the intricate relationship between enterprise and degrowth in the current economic context. By examining the strategies these enterprises employ to maintain their commitment to social and environmental objectives, the article contributes to the ongoing debate on the feasibility of enterprises in a degrowth economy and their role in a transitioning towards degrowth. Ultimately, Le Biau Jardin and OUNI serve as exemplars of how localized, community – focused initiatives can pave the way for a sustainable economic paradigm that transcends the limits of traditional growth – centric approaches.
The Resource-Backed Lending Model: An Economic Limitation to Sovereignty of Developing States
Authors: E. C. Ibekwe, , K. Omidire,
Published: October 2024

The 21st century developing and under-developed economies are being relegated to the status of neo-colonial states. Developed economies like China, Russia and the United States of America are really in the scramble for more neo-colonial states, mostly in Africa. This has presented itself through the economic relationship among states. The economic relationship under consideration here is taking new turns with emerging global trends and the desire of developing states to alleviate or eradicate poverty. The economic relationship between developed and developing states has grown from exchange of goods and investment to the execution of infrastructure loans on the understanding that the receiving states (borrower in this instance) shall mortgage its local resources to secure the loan. This is clearly the greatest limitation to the sovereignty of developed states under the guise of business agreements. The objective of this article is to examine a number of resource-backed lending systems between developed and developing states, delving more into the business relationship between China and Nigeria; this examination is further related to the relationship between China and states like Angola and Congo. The question sought to be answered is whether this system has proved to be beneficial or detrimental to the sovereignty of developing states is considered in this study. This is done by examining the Nigeria-China Bilateral Investment Treaty and the $400 million Loan Agreement (“Loan Agreement”) executed by the Ministry of Finance on behalf of Nigeria and the Export –Import Bank of China for the Nigeria National Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Infrastructure Backbone Phase II Project in 2018.
Roles of Infrastructure and ICT Facilities in Enhancing Curriculum Implementation in Nigerian Tertiary Institutions
Authors: M. F. Ohaire-Udebu, , E. J. Chukwuemeka,
Published: October 2024

This paper explored the role of infrastructure facilities in enhancing curriculum implementation in Nigerian tertiary institutions. The paper used secondary data, sourced from print and online publications. The study highlights that infrastructure facilities, including physical and technological resources, is crucial for the effective delivery of curricula. Key findings indicate that well-developed infrastructure significantly enhances teaching, learning, and administrative processes, thereby promoting successful curriculum implementation. The paper emphasizes the growing importance of modern facilities such as ICT resources, which are integral to advancing education in the 21st century. In light of these findings, it is recommended that the government prioritize the provision of adequate and modern infrastructure across all tertiary institutions. Additionally, tertiary institution management should adopt public-private partnerships to foster infrastructure development, and private organizations should contribute to the enhancement of facilities in Nigerian higher education. Further studies should conduct empirical research on the impact of infrastructure facilities and ICT resources on curriculum implementation in tertiary institutions.
Bispectral analysis in a patient scheduled for thoracic aortic aneurism surgery: spurious values?
Authors: Holanda Plinio de Oliveira , Pinheiro Júnior Evaldo José Paes
Published: October 2024

Bisspectral analysis (BIS®) may be the most used way to measure the depth of anesthesia. As a simple device, the monitor can show doctors values captured by a sensor attached to the patient's forehead. These values vary from zero (very deep anesthesia) to 100 (awake patient). Ideally, BIS® should be between 40 and 60 during general anesthesia, but spurious values have been described in some articles, and in this case report, we show a situation that may never been reported in the literature.
Evaluation of iliac morphology and innominate bone rotation in unilateral developmental dysplasia of the hip
Authors: KITAHARA Y , KAKU N , SAKO N , HOSOYAM T , TSUMURA H
Published: October 2024

Three-dimensional assessments of unilateral developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) have not been performed yet. Using computed tomography scanning, this study aimed to determine the morphological and rotational abnormalities of the innominate bone in female patients with unilateral DDH.

Patients with unilateral and bilateral DDH were compared with healthy patients. The distances between two points along each anatomical part of the pelvis and femur in the coronal plane were measured. The angles of each measurement line for the anterior pelvic plane (APP) and its perpendicular axis were investigated in the sagittal and horizontal planes.

The distance between the acetabular centre and anterior inferior iliac spine was longer on both sides in the unilateral DDH group than in the bilateral DDH group. Values of several angles measured on the APP in the horizontal or sagittal plane differed between the unilateral DDH and bilateral healthy groups. The distance between the centres of the femoral head was longer in the unilateral DDH group than in the bilateral healthy group. The distance between the femoral head and middle of the pelvis was longer on the affected side than on the unaffected side in the unilateral DDH group.

The iliac bone morphology was similar in both unilateral DDH and bilateral healthy groups; the rotation of the innominate bone was comparable to that in bilateral DDH. The femoral head on the affected side was shifted more laterally than that on the unaffected side in unilateral DDH.
Digital Technology-Assisted “Z” Osteotomy lower limb corrective procedures
Authors: HAOTIAN ZHU , KAI CHEN , YUANHAO PENG , YUNING WANG , KANG LIU , YAN HAN , HUANWEN DING
Published: October 2024

Background and study aims: Digital technology is a transformative product of the information age. z-osteotomy is a surgical procedure that corrects limb angulation and lengthens shortening deformities within a 40 mm difference in limb length.The purpose of this study is to Introduce the surgical technique of digitally assisted “Z” osteotomy for correction of angular and length deformities of the lower limbs and investigating its clinical efficacy.

Patients and methods: A retrospective study was conducted on five patients with multiplanar angular deformities of the lower extremity combined with limb shortening(n=5). The objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of computer-assisted preoperative design planning and 3D-printed surgical guide fabrication in guiding precise orthopedic procedures. The study compared various parameters, including femoral or tibial cross-sections, coronal and sagittal deformities, limb length, modified Barthel Index, and post-operative complications.

Results: Five patients were granted 17.20±6.83 months of follow-up after surgery, with adequate correction of lower limb deformity, significant improvement in postoperative self-care ability improved Barthel index 90±3.08 points (P<0.05). One patient experienced postoperative wound pain at 3 months, which subsequently diminished significantly by the 4-month follow-up assessment., four cases had no complications.

Conclusions: The new surgical method of digital technology-assisted “Z” osteotomy for correction of complex deformities of the lower limbs has remarkable clinical results, can accurately correct multi-planar angular deformities and realize limb lengthening at the same time, being safe and reliable.
Impact of implant design on the Forgotten Joint Score: a retrospective study comparing two contemporary knee designs
Authors: PEERSMAN G , STRUIJK C , DELRUE G , GOES S , STUYTS B
Published: October 2024

This retrospective study was designed to assess two fixed bearing total knee design concepts and their clinical outcomes, particularly in Forgotten Joint Score-12 (FJS-12).

Patients were assessed clinically using the Knee Society Score (KSS). Participants completed an FJS-12 and a short form of the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS-PS). A total of 216 knees –76 with Genesis II and 150 with Vanguard total knee arthroplasties – were included.

Patients in the Vanguard group had significantly better postoperative FJS-12 scores (by 10.1 points, p = 0.019). Differences in KSS subscores also reached the level of statistical significance. KOOS-PS did not differ significantly.

Statistically significant differences between the two knee designs on FJS-12, KS and FS assessments were revealed, but overall, these differences may not reach the threshold of clinical significance.
Medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction with an extensor hallucis longus allograft: a retrospective study of 45 cases
Authors: GÓMEZ-PALOMO J.M. , RODRÍGUEZ -DELOURME I , GARCÍA-VERA J.J. , IRIZAR-JIMÉNEZ S.S. , HUERTAS-SEGADOR P.J. , MONTAÑEZ-HEREDIA E
Published: October 2024

Reconstruction of the Medial Patellofemoral Ligament (MPFL) has become the procedure of choice in patients with patellar instability. The type of graft used for reconstruction is controversial. The purpose of this study was to analyze and describe the clinical and radiological results achieved with a MPFL reconstruction performed using an extensor hallucis longus allograft.

This work is a retrospective study of 41 patients (45 knees) who underwent MPFL reconstruction using an extensor hallucis longus allograft. The patellar apprehension test, Kujala scale, and EQ-5D European quality of life scale were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively at 24 months. Complications, recurrence rate, time to return to sports, and satisfaction with the procedure were also assessed.

Statistically significant differences were observed between pre- and postoperative variables on the Kujala scale (p < .001) and the EQ-5D (p < .001). The isolated MPFL presented an increase on the Kujala scale of 41.9 ± 13.4, in contrast to the reconstruction with tibial tubercle osteotomy with an increase of 29.4 ± 16.6 (p = 0.031).

MPFL reconstruction with an extensor hallucis longus allograft is a suitable alternative in patients with patellofemoral instability because it offers clinically and radiologically satisfactory results. MPFL reconstruction combined with a tibial tubercle osteotomy can offer inferior functional outcomes to the isolated reconstruction.
In or out of reach? Long-term trends in the reach of health assessments in the Swedish occupational setting
Authors: Ekblom-Bak Elin , Lindwall Magnus , Eriksson Linnea , Stenling Andreas , Svartengren Magnus , Lundmark Robert , Kallings Lena , Hemmingsson Erik , Väisänen Daniel
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the reach of a large-scale health assessment delivered by the occupational health service in Sweden for almost 30 years.

METHODS: A total of 418 286 individuals who participated in a health assessment (Health Profile Assessment, HPA) between 1995–2021 were included. A comparative sample was obtained from Statistics Sweden, comprising the entire working population for each year (4 962 127–6 011 829 unique individuals per time period). Sociodemographic and work organization characteristics were compared between the HPA and comparative population for six different periods. Under- and overrepresented groups in the private and public sectors were identified using the most recent data (2015–2021).

RESULTS: With negative per cent indicating underrepresentation, the most notable changes over time in representation in the HPA population compared to the comparative were observed for women (-1.2% to -12.8%), private sector employees (-9.4% to 14.9%), individuals with ≥3 years of employment (14.5% to 0.9%), in personal care (0.8% to -8.8%) and manufacturing (0.7% to 6.4%) occupations. Consistently overrepresented groups (median representation across periods) included individuals who had a single income source (6.3%) and were middle-aged (10.8%), born in Sweden (5.9%), associate professionals (8.7%), and employed in companies with high operating profit (17.9%) and low staff turnover (14.3%). Conversely, individuals with low income (-34.0%) and employed in small companies/organizations (-10.9%) were consistently underrepresented. Middle-aged women in education occupations were most underrepresented in the public sector, while in the private sector, it was young women in service and shop sales occupations.

CONCLUSIONS: This health assessment has reached many professionals, including hard-to-reach groups, but did not fully represents the Swedish workforce throughout the years.
Tannin-Rich Fraction of Cyperus esculentus Protects against Lead-Induced Testicular Toxicity in Male Wistar Rats through ITS Antioxidant Properpty
Authors: Luqman Adepoju Hassan , Godson Emeka Anyanwu , Afisu Basiru , Asekun-Olarinmoye Ifeoluwapo Oyebola , Shettima Pogu Adamu , Cyril Abang Agbor
Published: October 2024

Aims: Lead as a common environmental toxic metal, causes many histological, physiological and biomedical abnormalities in human and animals. This study evaluated the antioxidant potential of tannins on serum level of testosterone, LH and FSH and histology of the testes of male Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five adult male Wistar rats were divided into five (5) groups, (n=5). Group NS was administered normal saline only, Group PBO was administered with 30mg/kg body weight (BW) of lead, group LDTPB was administered with 50 mg/kg BW of tannins and 30mg/kg BW of lead, group MDTPB was administered with 100mg/kg BW of tannins and 30mg/kg BW of lead, group HDTPB was administered 150mg/kg BW of tannins and 30mg/kg BW of lead orally for 28 days. The animals were sacrificed and testes were harvested on day 29 of the experiment and histological and histochemistry studies done using the H&E and VVG staining respectively. Sperm parameters (motility, concentration), sex hormones (Testosterone, LH, FSH) and antioxidant activities were also determined. Results: There was Leydig cell proliferation and an increase series of spermatogenesis of the testes in the rats of groups administered with lead and tannins different doses (LDTPB, MDTPB and HDTPB) when compared with rats administered with lead only. Rats in groups LDTPB, MDTPB and HDTPB had a significant increase in levels of serum testosterone (p<0.05) when compared with positive control group (2). There was increase in levels of FSH in MDTPB and HDTPB groups when compared with positive control (2). Increased MDA levels were observed in the rats given lead only, PBO when compared to NS group. The rats given lead and tannins significant growth of seminiferous epithelium, improved sperm quality, and had decreased MDA levels. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the protective role of tannins fraction of Cyperus esculentus on lead-induced testicular toxicity in male Wistar rats.
Evaluation of Anti-Diabetic Activity of Galinosa parviflora in Diabetic Rats
Authors: G. Dhakad Ganesh , S. Mohale Deepak , Chandewar A.V.
Published: October 2024

Galinosa parviflora commonly known as Potato weed widely used in traditional system of medicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus In the present study, Methanol extract of Galinosa parviflora (MEGP) leaves were subjected to phytochemical investigation and evaluated for antidiabetic activity in STZ induced diabetic rats. MEGP (100, 200 mg/kg) and Glibenclamide (5mg/kg) were administered orally in STZ (60mg/kg, i.p.) induced diabetic rats. In acute oral toxicity (OECD Guide line 423) study, administration of MEGP no mortality upto 1000 mg/kg was observed. OGTT, Fasting blood glucose level, body weight, plasma insulin, were evaluated in normal and diabetic rats. preliminary phytochemical investigation revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins as the major constituents in the methanol extract of Galinosa parviflora. These results suggest that MEGP (200mg/kg) showed antihyperglycemic activity in STZ induced diabetic rats.
Advances in Understanding and Managing Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Kanawade Shubham , Vikhe Chaitanya , Patare Vishwas , Pawar Harish
Published: October 2024

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a significant and growing concern in prenatal care, impacting maternal and neonatal health. This comprehensive review highlights recent advancements in the understanding and management of GDM. The pathophysiology of GDM involves complex interactions between genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors that disrupt glucose homeostasis during pregnancy. Improved screening techniques and diagnostic criteria have led to earlier and more accurate detection. Management strategies have evolved to include not only traditional lifestyle interventions such as diet and exercise but also novel pharmacological treatments and continuous glucose monitoring technologies. The role of multidisciplinary care teams in optimizing pregnancy outcomes is emphasized, ensuring tailored care that addresses the unique needs of each patient. Additionally, the review explores emerging research on the long-term implications of GDM for both mother and child, underscoring the importance of postpartum follow-up and preventive measures. These advancements collectively aim to enhance maternal and fetal outcomes, reduce complications, and provide a framework for future research and clinical practice in GDM.
Unlocking The Secrets of Efavirenz: A Comprehensive Drug Information Resource
Authors: Pawar Kumudini , Kumbhar Aakanksha , Gherade Prerana , Sonkamble Sandhyarani
Published: October 2024

Efavirenz is an antiretroviral medicine generally used to treat HIV infection. As a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI), it inhibits the replication of the contagion. Efavirenz is well absorbed when taken orally, reaching peak tube attention within 3-5 hours. Its long elimination half-life of 52-76 hours allows for formerly diurnal dosing and improves patient compliance. Efavirenz is primarily metabolized in the liver by cytochrome P450 enzymes, particularly CYP2B6 and CYP3A4, and undergoes expansive hepatic metabolism to form inactive metabolites. The medicine is substantially excreted in the feces, with a small quantum excreted in the urine. Efavirenz may interact with other medicines and substances due to its influence on the exertion of CYP3A4 and its metabolism through CYP2B6. Medicine-medicine relations should be precisely considered to avoid compromising the efficacity and safety of co-administered medicines. There are certain contraindications to the use of Efavirenz. People with known acuity to the medicine or its factors shouldn’t take Efavirenz. Efavirenz isn’t recommended for pregnant women due to the increased threat of fetal neural tube blights. Effective contraception is essential for women of travail eventually taking Efavirenz. In conclusion, Efavirenz is a precious formerly-diurnal dosing antiretroviral medicine that supports patient compliance.
An Overview of Parasitic Disease: Dracunculiasis
Authors: P Divya , K Pooja , F Shital
Published: October 2024

Dracunculiasis, also known as guinea worm disease, is a parasitic illness that only affects isolated, rural communities without access to clean drinking water in thirteen sub-Saharan African countries. The WHO has identified it as one of the next diseases to be eradicated. Water contaminated with copepods, or water fleas, carrying Dracunculiasis medinensis larvae is the vector of guinea worm disease transmission. A year after humans consume contaminated water, an adult female worm emerges, usually from a lower extremity, causing excruciating ulcers that can cause severe mobility impairment for several weeks. This illness strikes during the height of agricultural activity every year. A village's economically productive population is typically impacted in large numbers at the same time, which lowers agricultural output and causes economic difficulties. Since there is no known cure or vaccine for guinea worm disease, prevention is the key to its eradication. Globally, guinea worm disease cases have decreased by 98% since 1986, mostly due to community-based initiatives. Through these initiatives, the community has been taught how to filter water to get rid of parasites and how to stop people who have ulcers from contaminating drinking water sources. Sustained high-level political, financial, and community support will be necessary for complete eradication. By using an ayurvedic treatment approach, dracunculiasis can also be prevented. Ayurvedic medicine uses a few medicinal plants that exhibit antiparasitic activity against dracunculiasis, including Neem, Turmeric, Garlic, Amala, Baheda, Harde, Vidanga, Gokshura, Rasna, Bilva root, and Bala root.
Antibiotics Consumption and Antibiotic Resistance during and Post Covid-19: Impact on Global Health
Authors: Manapure Shreyash , Pachare Akash , Shirbhate Rushikesh , Manapure Bhushan
Published: October 2024

In the modern healthcare environment, the growth in multidrug-resistant pathogen prevalence has been associated with the increasing use of broad-spectrum antibiotics globally. We carried out a study to look at the trends and procedures related to antibiotic prescriptions in order to assess antibiotic use in its entirety. The overuse of antibiotics in the treatment of COVID-19 is a specific cause for focus as it raises concerns about the possible emergence of antimicrobial resistance. The study verifies a significant pattern in which COVID-19 patients received antibiotic prescriptions regardless of their reported severity, indicating a severe deficiency in clinical examination, the prescribing of antibiotics without a prescription is analyzed in perspective with changing healthcare practices including the increasing use of telemedicine. The concerns about the emergence of antimicrobial resistance while addressing the growing problem of unnecessary antibiotic use in the treatment of COVID-19. The concerns related to COVID-19 and the lack of treatment strategy led to the overuse of antibiotics without proper clinical treatment can be identified as main reason for increase in Antibiotics Consumption and Antibiotic Resistance.
Enhancing Supply Chain Performance: A Comprehensive Review of Supplier Quality Management Strategies
Authors: Patil Divyashree
Published: October 2024

This review article provides a comprehensive overview of supplier quality management (SQM) in the context of modern supply chain management (SCM). SQM is a methodical strategy aimed at examining and managing the dependability and performance of suppliers who provide components, raw materials, or services essential to the manufacturing process. The article discusses the objectives of SQM, including boosting procurement accuracy, simplifying supplier assessments, improving communication with suppliers, and promptly addressing non-compliance issues. It highlights the importance of SQM in ensuring product quality, reducing risks, and enhancing consumer satisfaction. The article also delves into supplier selection and evaluation methods, supplier evaluation criteria, risk assessment and mitigation strategies, quality assurance agreements, continuous improvement practices, and regulatory compliance challenges in SCM processes. By providing insights into these key aspects, this review article aims to offer a comprehensive understanding of SQM and its significance in contemporary supply chain operations.
Performance Improvement of Hybrid Electric Vehicle Using Supercapacitors Energy Storage System
Authors: Yadav V.K., Sahay K., Ahmad A.U.
Published: October 2024

Globally, Internal combustion (IC) engine-based vehicles are being replaced by electric vehicles to decrease fossil fuel depletion, pollution, and the effects of global warming. But in electric vehicles, the primary concerns are battery power consumption and battery life, which affects the range of the electric vehicle (EV). In this paper, a hybrid storage system comprising a battery and a supercapacitor is simulated in MATLAB software to enhance the range, duration, and performance of the EV by controlling the charging and discharging of the supercapacitor and battery and control logic is used to integrate a li-ion battery with a supercapacitor based on the state of charging of the battery and supercapacitor. with the use of a hybrid energy storage system, the range and performance of EVs has improved.
Fuzzy Based Quick Acting DC Link Voltage Controller for Three Phases of D-Statcom Connected to the Microgrid
Authors: K. Shravani
Published: October 2024

The microgrid systems are the combinations of solar photovoltaic, wind energy, fuel cell and battery systems, as well as conventional generators for backup. The micro grid system barriers that are encountered for their integration to the network. In power systems, voltage stability and power quality are major problems. Due to fluctuations in dc link voltage, changes in load may have an effect on the compensation. This work offers a fuzzy logic-based supervisory approach to enhance the performance of the dc link transient. The controllers employ proportional and integral gain changes with fuzzy logic PI controllers integrated with distribution static synchronous compensator (D-STATCOM). These changes occur in the transient response phase right after a load fluctuation. In order to verify the suggested controller, mathematical equations are given to compute the gains of the traditional controller using fuzzy-logic PI fast-acting dc-link voltage controllers for obtaining similar quick transient reaction. Fuzzy logic PI controller enhancements that employ greater sampling during the transient period and expert knowledge of system behavior enhance the controller's performance. Compared to a standard PI controller, a dc link error reduces the capacitor voltage during a load shift. Utilizing the suggested method and the outcomes of MATLAB simulations, it will be demonstrated that efficiency and the voltage's quick settling time.
Discrete Probability Forecasts: What to expect when you are expecting a monetary policy decision
Authors: Aguilar Alicia , Gimeno Ricardo
Published: October 2024

We apply discrete probability forecasts to the expectations of monetary policy rate changes, both in the United States and in the euro area. By using binomial trees from options theory, forecast distributions are derived from the instantaneous forward yield curve, based on interest rate swaps. We then use a non-randomised discrete probability forecast evaluation that confirms the presence of a systematic upward bias, consistent with the presence of a term premium. Consequently, we propose a bias-correction methodology to increase the accuracy of the density forecasts regarding monetary policy expectations. This research provides pivotal insights into understanding and improving predictive tools in monetary policy forecasting.
Strategi Afektif Dalam Mengatasi Permasalahan Pemalu Pada AUD: Faktor Penyebab, Pendekatan, Dan Dampak Psikososial
Authors: Rizky Aprilia Pratiwi  , Syafrudin Ulwan , Oktaria Renti
Published: October 2024

The problem of shyness in early childhood cannot be left alone because it will affect their personality. The existence of this study aims to find out about what are the causal factors of shyness problems in children aged 8 years and how to deal with these shy problems. This study uses a qualitative approach to the type of case study. With the main subject of the research is an 8 year old child in the sub-district of Tanjung Senang, the city of Bandar Lampung. The results of this study found that the factors causing the problem of shyness in children consisted of internal factors and external factors. The ways that can be done to overcome the problem of shyness are by inviting their children out of the house to interact with neighbors, introducing children to children their age, encouraging children to play with friends outside the home, and limiting children from using cellphones so that children are not engrossed in themselves.
Development Of Children's Worksheets In Improving Cognitive Development Of Children Age 5 – 6 Years
Authors: Kartika Ananda  , Arofi Wulan
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the implementation of this research is to obtain a children's worksheet (LKA) that is in accordance with the rules set by the Ministry of National Education (now the Ministry of Education and Culture) to facilitate children in learning, children can understand the material and achieve children's cognitive development during learning at school through LKA. The development model of this research uses descriptive procedural capital developed by Borg and Gall. Questionnaire in R&D is used to get answers on the feasibility and validity of the product from the validators to be used as an improvement for researchers. Through this questionnaire, the researcher will improve the product, then after it is completed, this R&D product is ready to be implemented at the Pembina Jekan Raya State Kindergarten. In this study, a learning outcome acquisition test will be used by comparing the results of the pre-test and post-test to show the effectiveness in learning after using LKA. The pre-test was carried out when the initial trial with 8 children and the post-test was carried out during the field trial with 8 children. Based on the results of the teacher response validation questionnaire, the feasibility level of LKS/LKA development products in the initial trial has been in theVERY VALID category. These results conclude that the development of worksheets for 5-6 year old children at Pembina Jekan Raya State Kindergarten can improve cognitive development.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Loose Parts Terhadap Kemampuan Keaksaraan Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun
Authors: Utami Jayanti Rizki , Amanda Rizki Surya , Hasni Uswatul
Published: October 2024

This research was motivated by initial observations in the field, which showed that there were several children whose literacy abilities still needed to develop optimally; in particular, those with the most literacy indicators were reading their names and writing their own names. This research aims to determine the effect of using loose part media on the literacy abilities of children aged 5-6 years at the Kembar Lestari Kindergarten, Jambi City. This type of research is quantitative research using experimental methods with a quasi-experimental design. The sample in this study consisted of 30 children. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling. The data collection technique uses a structured observation method with research instruments whose validity has been tested. The data analysis techniques used are normality test, homogeneity test, and hypothesis test. The research results showed that there was a difference in the increase in average scores between the control class and the experimental class. Based on the results of the post-test, it was found that the average score for the experimental class was 3.54 higher than the control class. The results of data analysis using the independent sample t-test show that the probability value Sig. (2-tailed) is 0.000 so that (P = 0.000 < 0.05), by the decision-making provisions, Ho is rejected, and Ha is accepted. Based on the research and discussion results, it was concluded that the use of loose parts media influenced the literacy abilities of children aged 5-6 years at the Kembar Lestari Kindergarten, Jambi City.
HIV/AIDS: Current treatment protocols and long-term management: An updated review
Authors: Albogamy ‏Sahar Adi , AlZaher ‏Mohammed Abdullah , Aljawad Hussain Mahdi , Alzuhair ‏Hala Abdulaziz , Alenizi Amal Alhumidy , Alshammari ‏Abrar Fayadh , Alamri Fouad Hamed
Published: October 2024

Background: Since its emergence in 1981, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has led to approximately 35 million fatalities worldwide. Despite advancements in treatment, many individuals still lack access to antiretroviral therapy (ART). Aim: This updated review explores current treatment protocols for HIV/AIDS, highlighting the importance of early ART initiation and long-term management strategies. Methods: The review synthesizes recent research findings and guidelines on HIV treatment, focusing on the structural biology of HIV, infection processes, clinical manifestations, prevention methods, and long-term health consequences of ART. Results: With ART, individuals can achieve a life expectancy comparable to HIV-negative individuals, although disparities persist between high-income and low- and middle-income countries. Furthermore, while ART reduces AIDS-related morbidity, it does not eliminate the risk of non-AIDS-related conditions such as cardiovascular diseases and neurocognitive disorders. Conclusion: Ongoing research is essential for optimizing ART regimens and managing long-term health issues in HIV-infected individuals. Comprehensive prevention strategies, early diagnosis, and access to ART are critical in the fight against HIV/AIDS. By addressing these aspects, healthcare systems can significantly improve health outcomes for those living with HIV.
Metabolic surgery in severely obese adolescents: which technique provides the best benefits?
Authors:   Department of Medicine, Corporación Universitaria Uniremington, Medellín, Colombia, Osorno Avendaño Daniela , Paez Silva María Camilia ,   Department of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Juan N. Corpas, Bogotá, Colombia, Londoño Fonseca Ana María ,   Department of Medicine, Unidad Central Del Valle del Cauca, Tuluá, Colombia, Vergara Torrente Jose Antonio ,   Department of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira, Colombia, Rodríguez Ocampo Carolina ,   Department of Medicine, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia, Ruiz-Gutierrez Franklin Kevin ,   Department of Intensive Care, Clínica Colonial, Santiago, Chile, Picón Yelson ,   Blanquerna-Faculty of Health Sciences, Ramon Lull University, Barcelona, Spain
Published: October 2024

Obesity is a public health and global health problem due to the disease burden it generates across all age groups, as well as being a pandemic due to its high prevalence worldwide. Bariatric surgery has traditionally been described as an aggressive option in the adolescent population. However, as the evolution of these patients over time and the improvement in health outcomes have been rigorously analyzed, it is positioned as an effective and safe intervention. Recently, novel high-quality evidence has emerged, sparking international scientific discourse on which techniques provide the most benefits and are safer in bariatric surgery for adolescents with severe obesity. Then, the aim of this review was to analyze the most recent clinical evidence, based on study designs, regarding clinical and surgical outcomes obtained by surgical techniques used during bariatric surgery in the management of severe obesity in adolescents. After the literature review, it was identified that surgical resolution for severe obesity in adolescents is effective and safe, with better benefits observed when using Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. There is a similar frequency of adverse events compared to sleeve gastrectomy and gastric banding. Micronutrient deficiency is the primary adverse event, which is potentially preventable and treatable.