bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fruiting phenology and dispersal syndromes in a sandy coastal plain in southeastern Brazil
Authors: Oliveira Patrick de , Benevides Cristine Rodrigues , Greco Alexandre Verçosa , Leão Luciene Campos São , Rodarte Ana Tereza de Araújo , Lima Heloisa Alves de
Published: April 2022

Abstract Fruits have a wide variety of morphological and phenological characteristics that have been related to environmental conditions and seed dispersal mode. In this paper, we describe the fruit morphology, the fruiting phenology and infer dispersal patterns of 52 species from restinga of Maricá, Rio de Janeiro, in order to understand the richness and temporal variation of these resources in the community. Fleshy, indehiscent, and colored fruits, typical of zoochory, predominate in the restinga (77.8%). Anemochoric fruits represent 13.3%. In 42% of zoochoric species, fruits go through three to five colors until maturity, and different stages of ripeness can be observed on the same plant. A constant supply of zoochoric and anemochoric fruits was observed throughout the year. Unlike flowering, there were no significant correlations between fruiting activity and intensity and abiotic factors. For the community studied, the fruiting pattern observed also contrasts with flowering, due to the lower seasonality, and intensity suggesting that biotic factors, such as seed dispersers (in the case of zoochoric fruits) may have relevance in determining fruit ripening and seed dispersal periods in coastal environments.
Saber acadêmico, guerra cultural e a emergência das ciências policiais no Brasil
Authors: Lima Renato Sérgio de , Vasconcelos Francisco Thiago Rocha , Vianna Fernando Ressetti Pinheiro Marques , Alcadipani Rafael
Published: April 2022

Resumo Este texto problematiza a incorporação das ciências policiais no Brasil. Defenderemos que estas surgem como estratégia para a monopolização policial – especialmente policial militar – do pensamento sobre lei e ordem, e como concorrência ao desenvolvimento de um campo organizacional sobre crime, polícia e justiça no Brasil a partir das ciências humanas e sociais nos últimos quarenta anos. Esse projeto reforça, junto aos policiais militares em formação, a disposição ideológica de enfrentamento do conhecimento crítico que retroalimenta, nas polícias militares, a grande autonomia operacional, o forte insulamento institucional e a baixa transparência em relação a protocolos e mecanismos internos de supervisão. Contra tentativas de radicalização ideológica, será preciso reforçar que, em uma comunidade científica, resultados de pesquisas podem ser problematizados em suas limitações com contra-argumentos baseados em evidências. É necessário que o campo da segurança pública continue sendo construído de forma democrática e aberta, em diálogo com diferentes grupos da sociedade civil. A sociedade e seus cidadãos não são objetos passivos das polícias. Eles são a origem da legitimidade dos modelos de policiamento, que não se resumem apenas a aspectos técnicos e operacionais. Eles são fruto de opções políticas e estão sujeitos ao escrutínio público.
UM JUDICIÁRIO PARA UM REGIME AUTORITÁRIO: os projetos de reforma judicial na década de 1930
Authors: Guerra Maria Pia
Published: April 2022

RESUMO Regimes autoritários frequentemente dependem do poder judiciário para a organização do poder. Isso torna o judiciário não apenas um objeto de seu controle, mas uma parte integrante dos seus projetos de reorganização estatal e social. Este artigo analisa três projetos de reforma do judiciário no contexto das reformas dos anos 1930, para compreender como judiciários serviram, no Brasil, à consolidação do autoritarismo. Oliveira Vianna propunha transformação ampla da separação dos poderes e da hermenêutica jurídica liberal. Disso resultava um judiciário autônomo em face das pressões locais, mas submetido, em última instância, ao chefe do poder executivo. Themístocles Cavalcanti, jurista porta-voz das demandas da burocracia, propunha eficiência técnica na gestão de conflitos, centralização política e mesmo despolitização. O resultado era um judiciário autônomo em face da política local, ainda próximo do modelo liberal. Castro Nunes, por fim, jurista e juiz, propunha transformação da separação de poderes e da hermenêutica jurídica, mas, ao contrário de Oliveira Vianna, apenas na medida em que disso resultava um judiciário forte e presente no cenário político. Nesse embate, venceram os dois juristas no curto e médio prazos, mas permaneceu uma sombra de Oliveira Vianna para o direito e o judiciário brasileiro dos anos e regimes seguintes.
UM ANEL COM PODERES MÁGICOS: ARTISTAS HOLANDESES COM DEFICIÊNCIA INTELECTUAL UNEM-SE AO PROJETO OUTSIDERWEAR
Authors: Vogelaar Josien
Published: April 2022

RESUMO Este artigo apresenta um projeto de colaboração realizado com estes artistas outsiders e um grupo de criativos jovens holandeses. O projeto iniciado pelo empresário cultural Jan Hoek consiste na criação da marca de moda Outsiderwear, na qual jovens criativos, em sua maioria estilistas de moda, foram combinados com artistas dos Outsider Art Studios em Amsterdã; trabalhando juntos, a dupla desenvolveu uma coleção. A ideia era estabelecer uma colaboração estrutural entre criativos profissionais e artistas outsiders. Os dados são apresentados utilizando entrevistas para a construção de um estudo de caso.
A CASA E A CIDADE COMO ESPAÇOS PLURAIS PARA ENCONTROS COM A ARTE
Authors: Martins Mirian Celeste
Published: April 2022

RESUMO Encontrar a arte nas casas e nas cidades, às vezes escondida ou não percebida, como espaço e lugar da cultura, da vida é o foco de questões que são refletidas a partir de duas ações poéticas vividas com estudantes do curso de Pedagogia e com crianças a partir de uma pesquisa sob minha orientação. A a/r/tografia — unindo o artista criador (a), a pesquisadora (r) e a professora (t) — se faz metodologia apropriada para mergulhos conceituais, poéticos e em ação, na intrínseca relação entre práticas, fundamentos teóricos, a linguagem da fotografia para além do registro e as ações mediadoras.
Maintaining our dams and contributing towards net zero
Authors: Jack Michael
Published: April 2022

Loch Mhòr in Scotland is the upper reservoir of the Foyers pumped storage hydro-electric scheme. The reservoir has operated below its storage capacity for some time. A project was initiated to develop options to increase the storage capacity and remove existing restrictions on the scheme due to leakage and seepage experienced at the main spillweir. The project evolved to include satisfying a measure to be taken in the interests of safety associated with the spillweir, which was issued under the Reservoirs (Scotland) Act 2011 – hereinafter referred to as the Act. As a nation the effort and work to achieve net zero is progressing. In the case of Loch Mhòr, the impact of the project on a national scale is small; however, it remains a step forward in achieving the net zero goal.
Specifications, strength and bearing capacity of jointed-timber piles in soft ground
Authors: Shrestha Sailesh , Matsumoto Yuki
Published: April 2022

Single-timber piles were used as the pile foundation of small-scale buildings in the soft ground of the Saga lowland, Japan, where differential settlement occurred. The tip of the timber pile was required to reach the supporting stratum at a greater depth to overcome the problems. To reach the stratum, these timber piles are connected with several joints. However, there is no detailed study describing the strength of these jointed-timber piles (JTPs) and their material specifications. This study describes the specifications of the materials used and then explains the laboratory tests that evaluate the strength of the JTPs. Further, it discusses the method for determining the bearing capacity of the JTPs in terms of bearing capacity coefficients α and β. Later, the back-calculated values of α and β from the relationship of axial load with depth obtained from the strain gauge field measurements verified the bearing capacity evaluation method. The test results from the laboratory demonstrated that the concrete–timber stake joints reduced the compressive strength by around 2%, and the upper timber stake–lower timber stake joints reduced the strength by 11%. However, reduction factors of 10% for the concrete–timber joints and 15% for the timber–timber joints were adopted for safe construction.
Ur galen synvinkel? Om inlevelsens gränser och psykiatrihistoria ur patientperspektiv
Authors: Berg Annika
Published: April 2022

This chapter deals with challenges encountered when writing history of psychiatry from a patients’ perspective, using source material at least partially produced by patients. More fundamentally, it discusses the tension between, on the one hand, the problem of other minds, e.g. the impossibility of “getting into the head” of another living being, on the other hand, the historian's irrefutable need to try to understand how the world appeared to historical actors – even though their lives may have been very different from her own. This tension may be particularly well illustrated by attempts to study psychiatry from the patients' point of view, but it also entails a more general dilemma. The chapter criticizes inlevelse, a word that connotes a very strong experience of “walking in someone else’s shoes”, as an unattainable methodological ideal that, if taken at face value, would ultimately render all historical research impossible. In arguing for a more skeptical view on the possibility to pinpoint the situated viewpoints of other people, the author suggests that the work involved in trying to do this should be seen as a process of contextualization – albeit not the only kind of contextualization needed.
Att väva samman allting: Om kontextens kontext
Authors: Mansén Elisabeth
Published: April 2022

This chapter provides an historical perspective on context and contextualisation, and studies how they were introduced as controversial terms at Swedish universities. In addition, alternative expressions and criticisms of the concepts are discussed. The chapter explores how these words are handled in dictionaries and encyclopaedias, where they are used in scientific settings and how this changes over time. This is supplemented with a study of an individual discipline, the history of ideas. The article can also be read as an example of itself, a way to contextualize the word context. Etymologically, context means weaving together. It usually refers to relations within a text, but a wider reference to ideas and events sometimes occur. The most extensive definition is found in Swedish Wiktionary, where context simply means what something is connected to. The study shows that the word context is used for at least two purposes: to expand your understanding or to limit your perspectives. The word is present in Swedish from 1671 and found in Swedish dictionaries from 1852. In the most prestigious publication (SAOL) it is included in 1900 and continuously from 1950. In Swedish dissertation titles the word context appears in 1975 but is afterwards absent until the end of the 1980s. Context is used more often from 1990 and seems most popular in social science dissertations from the first decade of the twenty-first century. An Internet study suggests an increased interest in contextualisation. Altogether, the activity of weaving everything together creates an attractive image of academic activities.
Genç ve Yetişkinlerde Çevre Bilinci ve Dindarlık
Authors: Karslı Necmi
Published: April 2022

İçinde yaşadığımız dünya çevre kirliliği, yanlış kentleşme, aşırı ve kontrolsüz tüketim, küresel ısınma ve salgınlar nedeniyle gittikçe yaşanabilir bir yer olmaktan uzaklaşmaktadır. Dünyada biyolojik yaşamın devamı bireylerde çevre bilincinin geliştirilmesine bağlıdır. Bireylerde çevre bilincini geliştiren önemli olgulardan birisi dindir. Semavi ve dünyevi dinlerde insanoğlunun çevre ile ilişkisini düzenleyen birtakım öğretiler bulunmaktadır. Bu araştırmada çevre bilinci ile bazı demografik değişkenler ve dindarlık arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemi Trabzon’da ikamet eden farklı yaş ve meslekten 589 bireyden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada ölçme araçları olarak Çevre Bilinci Ölçeği ve Ok-Dini Tutum Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin çözümlenmesinde korelasyon, t-testi, tek yönlü anova ve regresyon analizi işlemleri uygulanmıştır. Analizler sonucunda yaş, cinsiyet, medeni durum ve meslek ile dini tutum ve çevre bilinci arasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı ilişkiler bulunmuştur. Araştırmanın temel problemi ile ilgili olarak dini tutum ile çevre bilinci arasında pozitif yönlü anlamlı ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma çevre sorunlarıyla etkin bir şekilde mücadelenin bireylerde çevre bilincinin geliştirilmesi ile mümkün olduğunu, bu konuda dinin önemli katkılar sağlayabileceğini ortaya koymuştur.
The analysis of alcohol content in hand sanitisers (in the Durban region) using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Govender K , Mdanda S , Baijnath S , Kruger H , Govender T , Naicker T
Published: April 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in an unprecedented surge in the demand for alcohol-based hand sanitisers (ABHS). The Centre for Disease Control (CDC) and World Health Organisation (WHO) recommend alcohol, i.e., isopropanol or ethanol, at a 60-95% concentration in ABHS for sufficient antiviral protection. Consumers need to be vigilant of substandard hand sanitisers being marketed to the public. The frequent exposure of microorganisms to alcohol concentrations below the recommended range for infection prevention may lead to resistant mutations, and above the range may be ineffective. Therefore, this study aimed to verify the stated alcohol content in hand sanitisers from their respective labels. We analysed 50 hand sanitiser samples available to our region in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, using a Shimadzu GC-MS-QP2010 Ultra equipped with a Zebron ZB-wax capillary column. The hand sanitisers analysed had a range of 44-93% alcohol content. The data from our study also revealed that 32% (16) of hand sanitisers did not adhere to the stated alcohol indicated on their labels. 16% (8) contained >80% and 12% (6) contained <60%, while 6% (3) of the ABHS contained 1-propanol and ethyl acetate as contaminants, respectively. This study clearly emphasises manufacturers' exploitation of the pandemic and the need for stricter guidelines and regulations for consistency amongst ABHS manufacturers. The public should also be more alert to the % alcohol stated (ideal range 60-80%) on the sanitizer bottle and note one needs to rub their hands together until it feels dry.
Исследование характеристик торможения ротора в приводе с магнитоэлектрическим синхронным генератором
Authors: Смирнов А.Ю. , Кудряшов Д.А.
Published: April 2022

Рассмотрена работа генератора с постоянными магнитами, предназначенного для ограничения скорости перемещения подвижных частей привода до установившегося значения, путём замыкания обмотки на ёмкостную нагрузку. Механические характеристики, описывающие свойства генератора в этом режиме, представлены устойчивой восходящей и неустойчивой нисходящей ветвями. Расширение диапазона рабочих частот генератора достигается увеличением протяжённости устойчивой ветви характеристик, для чего необходимо минимизировать индуктивность рассеяния, переходя к магнитным системам с открытыми пазами и катушечной обмоткой на статоре и переменно-полюсной магнитной системой с постоянными магнитами на роторе. Для повышения ЭДС и мощности генератора на низшей границе диапазона рабочих частот рекомендуется увеличивать число полюсов и использовать в качестве рабочих высшие гармоники поля якоря, в частности, третью. Механические характеристики генератора использованы для определения его электромагнитного момента при моделировании динамики привода. При высоких требованиях к результатам моделирования последние определяются по угловым характеристикам, предварительно рассчитанным с использованием метода конечных элементов.
Об абсолютном скольжении асинхронного двигателя
Authors: Ещин Е.К.
Published: April 2022

Рассмотрена возможность оптимального частотного управления асинхронным электродвигателем путем формирования относительного значения частоты питающего напряжения как суммы относительной частоты вращения ротора двигателя и его абсолютного скольжения. При этом аналитическая форма записи абсолютного скольжения получена как решение задачи оптимального синтеза системы управления электродвигателем с целью минимизации целевого интегрального функционала качества, заданного в общем виде. Выявлено, что абсолютное скольжение может быть представлена в виде алгебраической суммы его слагаемых. Рассмотрен конкретный пример минимизации квадратичного функционала качества с индикатрисой в виде квадрата разности требуемого и текущего значений электромагнитного моментов электродвигателя. Показано, что абсолютное скольжение представлено суммой двух слагаемых, условно названных статической и динамической составляющими. Приведены расчеты, показывающие влияние каждой составляющей на качество управления. Делаются выводы о целесообразности учета динамической составляющей в зависимости от режима работы электродвигателя.
Особенности применения электронного I2T способа тепловой защиты вентильных двигателей повторно-кратковременного режима работы
Authors: Ганнель Л.В. , Россо Д.А.
Published: April 2022

Рассмотрены вопросы защиты вентильных двигателей от перегрева для повторно-кратковременного режима работы. В связи с недостаточной эффективностью использования встроенных (в двигатель) термодатчиков предложено применение электронного I2T способа тепловой защиты. Изложены особенности реализации электронного способа тепловой защиты современными контроллерами движения. Показано, что применение I2T способа требует проведения предварительных экспериментов непосредственно на механизме. Даны рекомендации по выбору термических параметров двигателя конкретного применения. Приведены результаты функционирования тепловой защиты в повторно-кратковременного режиме.
Групповое регулирование систем возбуждения заводских синхронных генераторов при выходе на раздельную работу с энергосистемой с целью повышения устойчивости
Authors: Газизова О.В.
Published: April 2022

Одним из наиболее тяжелых с позиции теории устойчивости для заводских электростанций является выход на раздельную работу. Устойчивость генераторов при отделении от энергосистемы можно повысить за счет группового регулирования систем возбуждения. Разработан алгоритм, предусматривающий более быструю взаимную ресинхронизацию генераторов за счет корректировки вынужденных ЭДС по разности между скоростью ротора и скоростью вращающегося поля статора. После синхронизации производится корректировка АРВ с целью выравнивания собственных углов роторов генераторов для обеспечения статической устойчивости. Далее создаются условия для ресинхронизации электростанции с энергосистемой. Алгоритм разработан для заводских синхронных генераторов при выходе на раздельную работу. Он положен в основу математической модели электростанции в среде MatLab, с помощью которой произведен расчет для простейшей электростанции. Разработанный алгоритм позволит повысить эффективность управления аварийными режимами заводских электростанций при отделении от энергосистемы.
An isolated intra-cranial rosai-dorfman disease radiologically mimicking the meningioma
Authors: Imtiaz Ali , Ashok Kumar , Rizwan Ajmal , Danial Khalid , Bushra Shamim , Mahum Zaidi
Published: April 2022

Rosai-Dorfman disease is an uncommon benign non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis proliferative disorder. It commonly involves the lymph nodes and is classically presented with massive cervical lymphadenopathy. It can also involve the extra-nodal sites of the body and is reported in 43% of Rosai-Dorfman disease cases. The central nervous system is rarely involved in Rosai-Dorfman disease from which intra-cranial is more common than spinal lesions. An isolated dural-based intra-cranial Rosai-Dorfman disease is extremely rare. It usually mimics meningioma on radiological imaging. It is very difficult to diagnose the Rosai-Dorfman disease on imaging and intra-operative appearances of the lesion. We present a histopathologically proven case of an isolated Rosai-Dorfman disease involving the central nervous system in 49 years old female patient which was radiologically mimicking the meningioma.
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Authors: not provided summer
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Authors: not provided trimlabketoiesreviews
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NEBNext® Ultra™ DNA Library Prep Protocol for Illumina® (E7370) v3
Authors: England Biolabs New
Published: April 2022

The NEBNext®Ultra™ DNA Library Prep Kit for Illumina®contains reagents for preparation of libraries for next-generation sequencing on the Illumina platform from 5 ng – 1 µg input DNA, in a streamlined workflow. Please note that adaptors and primers are not included in the kit and are available separately. Each kit component must pass rigorous quality control standards, and each set of reagents is functionally validated together by construction and sequencing of a library on the Illumina sequencing platform. For larger volume requirements, customized and bulk packaging is available by purchasing through the OEM/Bulks department at NEB. Please contact custom@neb.com for further information.
Mod3D Live Cell Chambers and holders 3D printing and Assembly v1
Authors: Ray Truant and
Published: April 2022

Live-cell microscopy imaging typically involves the use of high-quality glass-bottom chambers that allow cell culture, gaseous buffer exchange and optical properties suitable for microscopy applications. However, commercial sources of these chambers can add significant annual costs to cell biology laboratories. Consumer products in three-dimensional printing technology, for both Filament Deposition Modeling (FDM) and Masked Stereo Lithography (MSLA), have resulted in more biomedical research labs adopting the use of these devices for prototyping and manufacturing of lab plastic-based items, but rarely consumables. Here we describe a modular, live-cell chamber with multiple design options that can be mixed per experiment. Single reusable carriers and the use of biodegradable plastics, in a hybrid of FDM and MSLA manufacturing methods, reduce plastic waste. The system is easy to adapt to bespoke designs, with concept-to-prototype in a single day, offers significant cost savings to the users over commercial sources, and no loss in dimensional quality or reliability.
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Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmenlerinin Değerler Eğitimine Yönelik Görüşleri
Authors: PIRNAZ Elif , KURU Esma
Published: April 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, sosyal bilgiler öğretmenlerinin değerler eğitimine yönelik görüşlerini belirlemektir. Araştırma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması modelinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma grubunun belirlenmesinde amaçlı örneklem türlerinden kolay ulaşılabilir durum örneklemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Kahramanmaraş ili Onikişubat ve Dulkadiroğlu ilçelerinde yer alan devlet okullarında görev yapan 30 sosyal bilgiler öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri 2019-2020 eğitim-öğretim yılında toplanmıştır. Verilerin elde edilmesinde araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Toplanan veriler içerik analizi yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda öğretmenlerin; “değer” kavramını toplumun sahip olması gereken manevi kıymetler bütünü, toplumun uyması gereken ahlak kuralları, kültürel öğelerin gelecek kuşaklara aktarılması, bizi biz yapan unsurlar ve insani özellik kazandırma olarak tanımladıkları görülmektedir. Araştırmaya katılan sosyal bilgiler öğretmenleri değer eğitiminin esas amacını ise “kültür hazinesini korumak, etkili vatandaş yetiştirmek, olumlu tutum ve davranış kazandırmak, kişisel özellik kazandırmak” ile ilişkilendirerek ifade etmişlerdir. Sosyal bilgiler öğretmenleri ayrıca değer eğitiminin öğrencilerin ahlaki, sosyal, bilişsel ve kişisel gelişimlerine katkı sağladığını, Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretim Programında yapılan yenilik ve değişikliklerden haberdar olduklarını; değerler eğitiminde çeşitli sorunlar ile karşılaşıldığını ve karşılaşılan sorunların en büyüğünün ise müfredattan kaynaklandığını ifade etmişlerdir.
The Impact of the Erasmus Student Mobility on Turkish Pre-service EFL Teachers: Contributions and Challenges of the Experience
Authors: SAL İLHAN Ayperi , KÜLEKÇİ Gülşah
Published: April 2022

In today’s globalized world, the dynamics of education are changing each day. As a result of this situation, the Erasmus exchange program has made it easier for Turkish students to have study abroad experience. The primary goal of this study was to investigate the perceptions of Turkish prospective EFL teachers regarding the contributions of Erasmus exchange program to their academic, language, social, cultural, personal, and career development as well as the problems that they encountered before, during and after Erasmus mobility. The study was carried out with 37 Turkish prospective EFL teachers. Mixed methods design was adopted in the study. Data were collected via an online survey developed by Önen (2017) and semi-structured interview. The second part of the survey was analysed quantitatively and a qualitative analysis software called MAXQDA 2020 was used for the content analysis of semi-structured interview. Results revealed that the participants believed they benefited from Erasmus program mostly in terms of personal and cultural development. Their language development was mainly related to speaking skills and fluency. It was also found that participants encountered many problems in the Erasmus process. They believed that “pre-Erasmus” was the most problematic process. While a lack of information and paper work were the main problems encountered before the Erasmus, “during the Erasmus process” mainly academic and financial problems were encountered. Some participants experienced “post-Erasmus syndrome” after the Erasmus mobility. Findings are discussed in the light of related literature and suggestions for further research are presented.
Validity of the classification of emergency service requests related to suicidal behavior
Authors: Ramos-Martín Javier , Rueda-Artero Évelin Lourdes , Campo-Ávila José del , Martínez-García Ana I. , Castillo-Jiménez Pilar , Moreno-Küstner Berta
Published: April 2022

Introduction. Suicide attempts are the most predictive risk factor for suicide deaths. Most people who attempt suicide receive care from out-of-hospital Emergency Services (OES), where these requests are managed and classified. Objective. Validate the Emergency Coordination Center (ECC) classification for the detection of suicidal behavior requests. Method. A descriptive, cross-sectional study of requests to the ECC of Málaga (Spain) during 2013 and 2014 was conducted. To classify the requests, the authors considered the ECC categorization when answering the call and the clinical assessment of the healthcare professional when attending the person who had made the call at the scene, which was considered the reference standard. To analyze the validity of the ECC classification system, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV) were calculated. Results. The total number of requests for medical assistance analyzed was 112,599. The validity indicators of the classification system for suicidal behavior were sensitivity = 44.78%, specificity = 99.34%, PPV = 46.91% and NPV = 99.28%. Discussion and conclusion. The ECC classification system has a lower capacity to detect the presence of suicidal behavior and a higher capacity to identify its absence in the requests received. OES provide key information on suicidal behavior requests as they can be one of the first places people with this problem go to. It would therefore be extremely useful to improve the classification systems for requests related to suicidal behavior.
Weight stigma in Mexico and front-of-package labeling. A systemic review
Authors: Ayuzo del Valle Cipatli , García Fernando , Musi Gómez María , Parker Paola G. , Ayuzo Brenda , Salame Kanan Gina
Published: April 2022

Background. Front-of-package food labeling is a public health strategy implemented to reduce the consumption of processed food to decrease the incidence of obesity in Mexico. Although there is an increasing focus among public health officials on implementing policies designed to address obesity, much less attention has been paid to how these policies could impact those with disordered eating, despite the fact that millions suffer from such illnesses. Objective. The aim of this article is to present scientific literature related to front-of-package labeling and its impact on obesity and eating disorders. Method. Papers related to nutrition labels and obesity and eating disorders were reviewed. Results. The papers reviewed found no significant improvement regarding the consumption of processed food. Other measurements, including nutritional education, availability, physical education, and body-image acceptance, have a better impact on nutritional health. Discussion and conclusion. Front-of-package labeling is regarded as an important measure in the attempt to reduce obesity levels. However, there is insufficient scientific evidence to suggest that this type of labeling reduces the consumption of processed foods in patients with obesity.
Suicide in cancer patients undergoing palliative care: A report of two cases
Authors: Ascencio Huertas Leticia , Rodríguez-Mayoral Oscar , García-Salamanca María Fernanda , Monreal-Carrillo Edith , Allende-Pérez Silvia
Published: April 2022

Introduction. Suicide represents a major public health problem worldwide, and cancer patients might have vulnerability factors which increase suicide risk. There are multiple factors associated with this tragic outcome, including those stemming from the disease itself, mental illness and social, personal and spiritual factors. Although previous reports have identified a suicide rate which ranges from .03-7% among cancer patients undergoing palliative care, this has not been studied in Mexico. Objective. This study sought to report the cases of suicide in patients with cancer undergoing palliative care at a large cancer reference center. Method. A retrospective review of records was performed between 2018-2019 for patients treated at the Palliative Care Service of the Instituto Nacional de Cancerología in Mexico City. Records for patients who committed suicide were reviewed to describe factors associated with this outcome. Results. Among all deaths identified during the record review, two were due to suicide (.09%). The patients were one female and one male, 60 and 42 years of age, diagnosed with breast cancer and gastroesophageal junction cancer, respectively, associated with tobacco and alcohol consumption, as well as several economic, social, and familial stress factors. One of the patients was identified as likely having major depressive disorder. Discussion and conclusion. Deaths might be underreported in our population. A systematic evaluation is required in order to establish and detect suicidal behavior risk factors, and a follow-up plan for all these patients.
Organizational and Procedural Problems of Interpreter Participation in the Russian Criminal Process
Authors: Savitskaya Irina G.
Published: April 2022

The article highlights and analyzes various organizational and procedural issues regarding the participation of an interpreter in criminal proceedings, including his search, the assessment of his competence, the evaluation of his personal and professional qualifications to participate in criminal proceedings, the attainment of the interpreters consent to participate in criminal proceedings, and the agreement on payment issues for his services.
Use of Extreme Low Temperatures Against Adzuki Bean Weevil (Callosobruchus chinensis L., Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Storage Management
Authors: AKER Onur , TUNCER Celal
Published: April 2022

This study was conducted to determine the effect of low temperatures on the different biological stages of adzuki bean weevil (Callosobruchus chinensis L., Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in stored chickpea seeds. Different extreme low temperatures were tested for eggs, larvae, pupae and adults in all experiments with different exposure times. For larvae, pupae and adults, 100% death was obtained after 45 minutes at -16 °C, 30 minutes at -20 °C and 20 minutes at -26 °C. LT95 value was determined as 38.3, 39.0 and 36.8 minutes for larva, pupa and adult at -16 °C, respectively. LT95 value was determined as 27.4, 27.5 and 26.0 minutes for larva, pupa and adult at -20 °C, respectively. After 120 minutes at -20 °C, 100% mortality was achieved in the eggs and it was determined that the adults did not emerge from the eggs that were kept at -20 °C for 60 minutes. From these results, it is understood that extreme low temperatures are effective in all biological stages of adzuki bean weevil that cause damage in storage, and this method can be used safely against other pests that cause damage in storage.
Maternal and neonatal outcome in primigravida with mobile head at ≥39 weeks of gestation
Authors: C. Sadhanadevi , B. Sajini , Varghese Acka Priya , Raju Divya Sara , Kurup Karishma Krishna
Published: April 2022

Background: Primigravida with mobile head at ≥39 weeks of gestation are prone to the probability of caesarean section. With this study we aimed to identify the maternal and neonatal outcome of primigravida with mobile head at ≥39 weeks of gestation under the watchful expectancy and good conduct of labour.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among primigravida with mobile head at ≥39 weeks admitted for delivery in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, govt. medical college, Kottayam, Kerala, from February 2021 to September 2021. A sample size of 247 was identified considering 28% proportion of presentation with deflexed head, 95% confidence interval and 2% margin of error. A detailed history, physical examination and ultrasonography was performed.Results: Of the 250 participants, the mean age of the study subjects was 24.97±3.93 and mean body mass index (BMI) was 23.72±4.78 kg/m2. The most common cause for mobile head was a deflexed head (35.2%). A lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) was conducted in 28.8% participants while vacuum assistance ad forceps assistance was required for 9.6% and 4.4% participants respectively. The most common indication for LSCSC being moderate to thick meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) 23% followed by 1st degree CPD failed trial in 17% cases. A significant association with maternal morbidity was observed in undiagnosed placenta previa (p=0.039) and vacuum-assisted deliveries (p=0.001). We observed that 3.6% of babies have meconium aspiration syndrome, and 8% of new born were admitted in intensive care for foetal distress.Conclusions: Primigravida with mobile head at term during labour requires intense monitoring. Although the duration of labour appeared to be prolonged in a small proportion of patients with watchful expectancy and good conduct of labour and timely intervention, vaginal delivery is possible with minimal maternal and neonatal morbidity.
Maternal and neonatal outcome in teenage pregnancy
Authors: Marimuthu Kavitha , S. Sivamanju
Published: April 2022

Background: Pregnancies that occur below the age of 19 years are called as teenage pregnancies. Teenage pregnancy is a common public health problem worldwide which is harmful to the health of mother and child and has long been considered a high-risk state. It is associated with high maternal, fetal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. The complications are anaemia, preterm delivery, hydramnios, malposition, preeclampsia, eclampsia.Methods: A prospective study of teenage pregnancy was carried out at Government Dharmapuri Medical College, Dharmapuri for the period of 1 year. Pregnant women admitted in labour ward were taken for study. 500 cases of teenage women upto 19 years were included in above period.  A structured proforma was used to collect information. Information regarding age, educational status, occupation, socioeconomic status, number of siblings in the family, marital status, age at marriage, health awareness, knowledge about pregnancy and delivery, antenatal visits were obtained from history. Complications during antenatal period, delivery and postpartum were observed. Details regarding mode of delivery and birth weight of the baby were noted. Baby details noted and babies admitted in neonatal ward were followed up till they were discharged.Results: The incidence of teenage pregnancy was 6.74%. In our study 93% of pregnant teenagers were 17-19 years old. Around half had caesarean section. All complications such as anaemia, PIH, preterm, low birth weight and post op complications such as local sepsis, mastitis and UTI were increased in teenage group. Most of babies in the study group required NICU admission. Leading causes of admission in NICU were respiratory distress and preterm babies.Conclusions: Teenage pregnancy is associated with significantly higher risk of anaemia, PIH, preterm deliveries, neonatal mortality and morbidity. A combined multidisciplinary approach involving educationists, health and social workers, obstetrician and gynaecologists is required to improve the adolescent’s reproductive health.
Analysis of successful outcome in patients undergoing homologous intrauterine insemination
Authors: Marimuthu Kavitha , Dakshnamurthy Padmalatha , Kailash Udhayarani
Published: April 2022

Background: Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is a cost-effective, non-invasive and its success depends on the various factors. The factors associated with the success of IUI and its literature is least available in the Indian context. Objectives were to analyze the outcome of patients undergoing homologous IUI in terms of pregnancy rates (clinical pregnancy) and its predictors for the outcomes.Methods: This is a prospective observational study among 200 couples with infertility undergoing therapeutic homologous IUI in a tertiary care centre. Among the study participants, undergoing IUI, after obtaining the informed written consent, the data related to the outcomes and associated factors were collected through a pre structured Questionnaire.Results: Among the study participants who undergone the procedure, 40 (20%) become positive for pregnancy. Of the 40 positive, 30 (15%) delivered normal babies and 7 (14%) went for spontaneous abortions and 1 (0.5%) went for D and C. Type of infertility, drug for induction of ovulation, age in years, years of marriage, day of ovulation, no. of ovulation induction and were not statistically significant with the outcomes. Endometrial thickness, greatest dimension of follicular size, increased total sperm count, percentage of motility, post wash count and post wash motility were significantly associated with the positive outcomes.Conclusions: Since the success rate of the IUI is comparable to the other studies reported, and the procedure is relatively cheaper, the same can be recommended as the simple and cost effective first line management of certain specific indications of the infertility.
Predictors of failure of non-invasive ventilation in severe COVID-19 patients
Authors: Balan Divya , Lakshamanamurthy Shashibhushan Bangalore , Subbarayappa Deepa Anekal
Published: April 2022

Background: Respiratory oxygenation index (ROX index) is a simple parameter that uses bedside parameters like respiratory rate and peripheral oxygen saturation. It has been extensively evaluated to predict success of HFNC in patients with pneumonia and found beneficial in predicting HFNC failure. However, there are very few literatures are available to establish the efficacy of ROX index in predicting NIV success. The aim of this study was to determine whether the ROX Index could predict NIV therapy success in patients with AHRF due to SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.Methods: After obtaining approval and clearance from the institutional ethics committee of BMCRI, patients who were admitted in Victoria Hospital intensive care unit with acute respiratory failure due to COVID-19 who were initiated on NIV or CPAP based on clinician decision during the study period of April 2020 – July 2021 were included.Results: The optimal cut-off value of ROX index for predicting ventilatory requirement according to the maximum Youden index was ≤3.93. This cut-off value showed a sensitivity of 89.83% and a specificity of 92.86%, and the AUC was 0.965 (95% CI 0.909 to 0.992, P<0.0001).Conclusions: When compared between ROX index, SPO2 at Room air and CT Score, it was observed that ROX index had the highest, AUROC, sensitivity, and specificity. This indicates that ROX index can be used as a predictive variable for NIV failure or success.
Correlation between chest CT severity score and C-reactive protein in COVID-19 positive patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital: a retrospective study
Authors: Nag Prathibha , Lakshamanamurthy Shashibhushan Bangalore , J. Arun B.
Published: April 2022

Background: COVID-19 has developed into a worldwide pandemic. The early identification of patients who will become severely ill could facilitate the allocation of the limited medical resources to patients in need of aggressive treatment. Aim of the current study was to determine the correlation between COVID-19 severity with inflammatory marker CRP and CT severity score on HRCT thoraxMethods: A retrospective observational study was done in 502 hospitalized COVID‑19 patients in a tertiary care hospital BMCRI, Bangalore from August 2021 to September 2021. Clinical and laboratory data of patients were collected. The correlation between clinical severity with chest CT score and CRP were determined by ANOVA test and independent sample t-test was applied among survivors and non survivors. Correlation between CTSS and CRP was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis.Results: In our present study we found that, out of 502 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria 158 patients (31.5%) were triaged as mild cases, 228 patients (45.4%) were moderate case, and 116 patients (23.1%) severe cases. There was statistical significance between CRP values and CTSS among the mild, moderate, severe cases (p<0.001). Both CTSS and CRP values had explicit association with clinical condition of patients. By using independent sample t-test we could derive that CRP and CTSS had strong and significant correlation with the disease severity and mortality. Pearson correlation analysis revealed strong positive correlation between CRP and CTSS in COVID-19 patients. Hence an increase in CRP caused an increase in CTSS with significant p values.Conclusions: In our study we conclude that there is a strong positive clinical correlation between CRP and CTSS in COVID-19 patients reflecting disease severity and mortality.
Correlation of CALL score with disease progression in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Subramanya Preetham Beguru , Khan Naazim Javed , Mahendra M. , Khan Imran , Ravikumar Nisha
Published: April 2022

Background: Many prognostic models have been introduced to predict the disease progression in an individual with COVID-19, CALL score is one among them. The objective of the study was to evaluate the role of comorbidity, high age, low lymphocyte count, high lactate dehydrogenase (CALL) score in predicting disease progression and mortality in COVID 19 patients.Methods: Total 105 patients were divided into - stable group (CALL≤6) and progressive group (CALL>6), Chi- square test and ROC analysis is applied to predict the outcomes like oxygen requirement, ICU requirement (high flow nasal oxygen), invasive ventilation requirement, increase in respiratory rate ≥30 Cpm and death/recovery with CALL score in both the groups.Results: ROC analysis was done to predict outcome based on CALL score in both groups which showed sensitivity 100% (91.6% to 100%), specificity of 8.2% (2.7 to 18.1%), PPV – 44% (42.16 to 45.86%) and NPV – 100%.Conclusions: Using the CALL score model with cut off of 6 points, clinicians can predict the progression risk in terms of higher respiratory rate ≥30 cpm, oxygen requirement, requiring ICU, death/ recovery.
A community-based study on maternal mortality in Bongaigaon district, Assam
Authors: Sharma Anand , Priya M. S. Lakshmi
Published: April 2022

Background: Maternal mortality is an important indicator for measuring the health care provided to the women by any society. India has a high maternal mortality ratio and within India the state of Assam has the highest MMR in the country.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted during January 2021 till December 2021 in Bongaigaon district. The study included 10 maternal deaths occurred in Bongaigaon District in a year. The information regarding socio demographic, clinical information and reproductive parameters was collected from the verbal autopsy and the results were analyzed by using percentage.Results: Out of 13,124 total deliveries, maternal mortality was found to be 76 per 1,00,000 live births. The leading cause for maternal death is eclampsia (30.0%) followed by haemorrhage (20.0%), PIH (20.0%), heart failure (10.0%), anemia (10.0%), placental abruption with haemorrhage (10.0%).Conclusions: Teenage pregnancy is one the major concern in maternal and child health. There is a wide scope for improvement as a large proportion of the observed deaths were preventable.
Cutaneous hyperpigmentation as a diagnostic marker of vitamin B12 deficiency: a case report
Authors: Henshaw Eshan B. , Okafor Love E. , Ekpenyong Henry J.
Published: April 2022

Cutaneous hyperpigmentation and glossitis are recognized but often overlooked early signs of vitamin B12 deficiency (VB12D). Pernicious anaemia is the most common cause of VB12D. Many clinicians miss the diagnosis of this potentially fatal but treatable condition in the absence of the more often reported life-threatening neuropsychiatric and haematologic features, notwithstanding the concomitant presence of characteristic cutaneous signs. These apperceptions of conspicuous and early dermatologic signs lead to diagnostic delay, which can result in dire consequences for the patient. We report the case of a 24-year-old young woman who for two years had repeated blood transfusions, iron supplementation and haematinics on account of anaemia of undetermined aetiology of a yet to be determined aetiology, despite the simultaneous presence of a constellation of glaring dermatologic clues to vitamin B12 deficiency. Following diagnosis and the institution of the appropriate therapy, the patient made remarkable improvement with a reversal of pigmentation and correction of the anaemia within a month. She continues to see the haematologists for follow-up.