bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trading Throughput for Freshness: Freshness-aware Traffic Engineering and In-Network Freshness Control
Authors: Tseng Shih-hao , Han Soojean , Wierman Adam
Published: December 2022

With the advent of the Internet of Things (IoT), applications are becoming increasingly dependent on networks to not only transmit content at high throughput but also deliver it when it is
fresh
, i.e., synchronized between source and destination. Existing studies have proposed the metric
age of information (AoI)
to quantify freshness and have system designs that achieve low AoI. However, despite active research in this area, existing results are not applicable to general wired networks for two reasons. First, they focus on wireless settings, where AoI is mostly affected by interference and collision, while queueing issues are more prevalent in wired settings. Second, traditional high-throughput/low-latency
legacy drop-adverse (LDA) flows
are not taken into account in most system designs; hence, the problem of scheduling mixed flows with distinct performance objectives is not addressed.

In this article, we propose a hierarchical system design to treat wired networks shared by mixed flow traffic, specifically LDA and AoI flows, and study the characteristics of achieving a good tradeoff between throughput and AoI. Our approach to the problem consists of two layers:
freshness-aware traffic engineering (FATE)
and
in-network freshness control (IFC)
. The centralized FATE solution studies the characteristics of the source flow to derive the sending rate/update frequency for flows via the optimization problem
LDA-AoI Coscheduling
. The parameters specified by FATE are then distributed to IFC, which is implemented at each outport of the network’s nodes and used for efficient scheduling between LDA and AoI flows. We present a Linux implementation of IFC and demonstrate the effectiveness of FATE/IFC through extensive emulations. Our results show that it is possible to trade a little throughput (5% lower) for much shorter AoI (49% to 71% shorter) compared to state-of-the-art traffic engineering.
Semantic Analysis of a Linear Temporal Extension of Quantum Logic and Its Dynamic Aspect
Authors: Takagi Tsubasa
Published: December 2022

Although various dynamic or temporal logics have been proposed to verify quantum protocols and systems, these two viewpoints have not been studied comprehensively enough. We propose Linear Temporal Quantum Logic (LTQL), a linear temporal extension of quantum logic with a quantum implication, and extend it to Dynamic Linear Temporal Quantum Logic (DLTQL). This logic has temporal operators to express transitions by unitary operators (quantum gates) and dynamic ones to express those by projections (projective measurement). We then prove some logical properties of the relationship between these two transitions expressed by LTQL and DLTQL. A drawback in applying LTQL to the verification of quantum protocols is that these logics cannot express the future operator in linear temporal logic. We propose a way to mitigate this drawback by using a translation from (D)LTQL to Linear Temporal Modal Logic (LTML) and a simulation. This translation reduces the satisfiability problem of (D)LTQL formulas to that of LTML with the classical semantics over quantum states.
Multilevel Determinants of Digital Health Equity: A Literature Synthesis to Advance the Field
Authors: Lyles Courtney R. , Nguyen Oanh Kieu , Khoong Elaine C. , Aguilera Adrian , Sarkar Urmimala
Published: December 2022

Current digital health approaches have not engaged diverse end users or reduced health or health care inequities, despite their promise to deliver more tailored and personalized support to individuals at the right time and the right place. To achieve digital health equity, we must refocus our attention on the current state of digital health uptake and use across the policy, system, community, individual, and intervention levels. We focus here on ( a) outlining a multilevel framework underlying digital health equity; ( b) summarizingfive types of interventions/programs (with example studies) that hold promise for advancing digital health equity; and ( c) recommending future steps for improving policy, practice, and research in this space.
Enhancing Capacity for Food and Nutrient Intake Assessment in Population Sciences Research
Authors: Neuhouser Marian L. , Prentice Ross L. , Tinker Lesley F. , Lampe Johanna W.
Published: December 2022

Nutrition influences health throughout the life course. Good nutrition increases the probability of good pregnancy outcomes, proper childhood development, and healthy aging, and it lowers the probability of developing common diet-related chronic diseases, including obesity, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and type 2 diabetes. Despite the importance of diet and health, studying these exposures is among the most challenging in population sciences research. US and global food supplies are complex; eating patterns have shifted such that half of meals are eaten away from home, and there are thousands of food ingredients with myriad combinations. These complexities make dietary assessment and links to health challenging both for population sciences research and for public health policy and practice. Furthermore, most studies evaluating nutrition and health usually rely on self-report instruments prone to random and systematic measurement error. Scientific advances involve developing nutritional biomarkers and then applying these biomarkers as stand-alone nutritional exposures or for calibrating self-reports using specialized statistics.
The In-situ Characterization of Fast-charging Degradation Modes in Li-ion Batteries Using High-resolution Neutron Imaging
Authors: Yusuf Maha
Published: December 2022

Extreme fast charging (XFC) of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in 10 minutes is one of the main goals of the US Advanced Battery Consortium for low-cost, fast-charged electric vehicles by 2023. However, existing LIBs cannot achieve these XFC goals without significant capacity fade over cycling due to complex XFC degradation modes. One of the key XFC failure mechanisms is dead Li plating on the graphite anode. While numerous methods have detected Li plating, they lack three-dimensional non-invasive visualization of dead Li on graphite anodes in full cells during battery cycling. Herein, we demonstrate the viability of high-resolution (spatial resolution: 10–15 μm) neutron micro-computed tomography (μCT) for in-situ characterization of dead Li on graphite anodes (thickness: ~130 μm) in full cells containing NMC cathode, that were cycled at 1C and 6C.
Electrochemistry in Action-Water Desalination
Authors: Alexander Christopher L.
Published: December 2022

As climate change intensifies, weather patterns across the globe become far less patterned and more unpredictable. Instances of extreme heat, excessive rain resulting in floods, and droughts that may cause or intensify wildfires have severely stressed centralized water treatment and distribution facilities and compromised access to fresh water for many. Given the vast reserve of saltwater, desalination technologies that can separate the dissolved salts from the fresh water have become essential. Traditional desalination methods use either membrane or thermal-based technologies to separate solutes from salt water and brackish water that have typical concentrations of 35,000 and 1,000 mg/L, respectively. However, they can be unnecessarily energy-intensive for lower salinity conditions. A potential next-generation approach is desalination fuel cells. Desalination fuel cells have the capability to simultaneously desalinate water and produce energy.
Evolutionary Multiobjective Site Selection of Xi’an Medical Emergency Material Warehouse Based on Multiple Memetic Directions
Authors: Wang Hexu , Xie Fei , Shen Hai , Qu Le , Li Jing
Published: December 2022

Due to the lack of medical materials in some emergency public events, for example, the outbreak of COVID-19, it is urgent to establish a medical emergency material warehouse. Taking Xi’an, China, as an example, this study aims to select suitable sites of Xi’an medical emergency material warehouse. In this study, the problem of site selection models as a multiobjective optimization problem. The coverage function and comprehensive efficiency function are designed as two conflicting objectives. Then, a multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on multiple memetic direction is proposed to optimize the two objectives concurrently. The crossover and mutation operators are designed for evolutionary multiobjective site selection. The proposed crossover operator is able to balance the global and local search abilities, and the proposed mutation operator fuses the distribution information of hospital location, service population, and the overall coverage. Experiments on real dataset verify the superiority of the proposed evolutionary multiobjective site selection method.
Comparison between Clinical Utility of CXCL‐8 and Clinical Practice Tumor Markers for Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis
Authors: Huang Zhengyuan , Li Zhaozhong , Chen Xianqiang , Zhu Xianjin , Zhang Junrong , Song Yanfang , Cao Yingping , Lu Pingxia
Published: December 2022

Owing to the high incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer (CRC), novel biomarkers for CRC diagnosis are critically needed. Therefore, this study is aimed at exploring the clinical utility of serum C‐X‐C motif chemokine 8 (CXCL‐8) for CRC diagnosis and progression compared to the routinely used biomarkers, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and carbohydrate antigen‐19‐9 (CA19‐9). This study included 227 patients with CRC, 110 patients with colorectal adenoma (CA), and 123 healthy participants, who were recruited from the Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from July 1, 2019 to October 31, 2020. Serum concentrations of CXCL‐8, CEA, and CA19‐9 were detected using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. Clinicopathological features of patients with CRC were collected and analyzed. The diagnostic efficacy of CXCL‐8, CEA, and CA19‐9 for CRC was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. We found that the serum concentrations of CXCL‐8, CEA, and CA19‐9 were significantly higher in patients with CRC than those in patients with CA and healthy controls. The diagnostic sensitivity of CXCL‐8 alone was higher than those of CEA and CA19‐9 both and when combined; thus, CXCL‐8 may be better at discriminating patients with CRC from healthy controls and patients with CA. Moreover, combining CXCL‐8 with CEA or CA19‐9 improved their respective diagnostic performances in distinguishing patients with CRC from CA patients and healthy participants. Notably, we also found that serum concentrations of CXCL‐8 were positively correlated with metastases and tumor size. Therefore, our study suggests that serum CXCL‐8 may serve as an improved biomarker for CRC diagnosis compared to the traditional tumor markers CEA and CA19‐9. Moreover, our findings indicate the potential efficacy of serum CXCL‐8 levels as a CRC prognostic biomarker.
Intelligent Diagnosis of Bogie Traction Seat Based on PCA-OVO and SVM Optimized by Modified Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Liu Shuli , Liu Yi , Chang Qi , Li Lin , Man Junfeng , Liu Kai , Shen Yiping , Luo Jiaxin
Published: December 2022

The bogie traction seat is the main part of urban rail vehicles and its fault status will affect the safe and smooth operation of the vehicles. For the low accuracy of the traditional detection methods, an intelligent fault diagnosis model of the traction seat based on principal component analysis with one versus one (PCA-OVO) and support vector machine (SVM) optimized by modified arithmetic optimization algorithm is proposed. Firstly, for the difficulty of high-frequency data collection under real working conditions, the simulation platform of the bogie of an urban rail vehicle is built, and the vibration signals of the traction seat are collected and processed in different domains, and then the feature extraction and fusion method based on PCA-OVO is used to obtain the sensitive feature set of the traction seat. Finally, the SVM intelligence recognition model is constructed based on the sensitive feature set data, and its parameters are optimally combined and selected by the modified arithmetic optimization algorithm after introducing the cosine factor. The experiments prove the effectiveness of the model. Experimental results show that the model is effective and provides a new model for fault diagnosis of traction seat of urban rail vehicles.
Effect of Polymorphisms in the FCN1, FCN2, and FCN3 Genes on the Susceptibility to Develop Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gil-Quiñones Sebastián R. , Gutierrez-Castañeda Luz , Larios-Salazar Lorena , Mejia-Mesa Susana , Motta Adriana , Tovar-Parra David
Published: December 2022

Genetic association studies in rheumatoid arthritis conducted in various populations have yielded heterogeneous results. The present systematic review was conducted to synthesize the results of the studies in order to establish the impact of polymorphisms in the ficolin-coding genes FCN1, FCN2, and FCN3 on the susceptibility to develop rheumatoid arthritis. A systematic literature review was performed using the following keywords “gene (FCN1/FCN2/FCN3)”, “Polymorphism/Genetic Variant”, and “rheumatoid arthritis” in different databases until January 2022. Authors assessed articles by title/abstract and then assessed by full text for data extraction. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Data synthesis was performed qualitatively and quantitatively. A total of 1519 articles were eligible for inclusion in this review, 3 were identified as relevant for the quantitative synthesis with 670 patients and 1019 controls. For the FCN1 gene, an association was found in the dominant and recessive genetic models of the variants rs2989727 (genotype TT = OR: 0.577, 95% CI: 0.430-0.769) and rs1071583 (genotype GG = OR: 1.537, 95% CI: 1.153-2.049,

p
=
0.0032

) with the development of rheumatoid arthritis as a protective or susceptibility factor. FCN2 and FCN3 genes did not show association with disease development. The FCN1 gene variants rs2989727 and rs1071583 are associated with the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis in populations from Brazil and Belgium, but not in FCN2 and FCN3 gene variants.
Research on Trajectory Planning and Control of Operational Underwater Robots
Authors: Shi Xinxin , Zhu Chenyang
Published: December 2022

For the complex system modeling of operating underwater robots, various modules are built in Simulink to simulate the interaction of various forces and torques inside the underwater vehicle. According to the characteristics of the ROV itself, the ROV dynamics model is reasonably designed. In view of the problems of the position tracking delay, underwater environment interference, and unstable operation of the ROV, the fuzzy fractional PID control algorithm is adopted in the controller in this paper, and the control effect of the fuzzy PID and PID algorithm is compared and analyzed.
Dynamic Characteristics of LOX/Kerosene Variable Thrust Liquid Rocket Engine Test System Based on General Modular Simulation Method
Authors: Su Qingdong , Wang Jinjin , Yan Mingxia , Sun Zhensheng , Huang Weifeng , Zha Bailin
Published: December 2022

For the research demand of reusable LOX/kerosene variable thrust liquid rocket engine, a test system with electric displacement pumps is designed and a multidisciplinary modular dynamic simulation method based on AMESim platform is used to analyze the system. The method comprehensively considers the characteristics of complex components in the engine and realizes the fast module assembly and variable step size solution. Considering the combustion model of thrust chamber, the positive displacement pump model with complex leakage channels, and the cooling jacket heat transfer model, the component dynamic equations are deduced and the final model simulation results reveal that the system has a smooth ignition, stage turning, and shutdown process. The thrust can reach 6900 N in high working condition and the variable thrust ratio is 5 : 1. The dynamic characteristics of the system show that the performance error of main pump components is less than 5%, the maximum average temperature rise of the thrust chamber coolant is about 28°C, and the time of stage adjustment is within 300 ms, which mean the overall design of the system is reasonable. Although the accumulation of LOX before kerosene injection can adversely affect the temperature of the thrust chamber, large pressure pulses do not occur due to the ignitor’s duty flame. Moreover, the pintle injectors based on PID control can effectively stabilize the pressure drop at lower conditions. The system and the simulation method provide important support for the actual engine test and the general LRE dynamic characteristics analysis.
Towards an Advanced New Emerging Method of Determination of Mohr–Coulomb Parameters of Soils from at the Oedometric Test: Case Study-Lateritic Soils of Cameroon
Authors: Ambassa Zoa , Amba Jean Chills
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we present a newly emerging approach for the use of the oedometer test for the determination of some important mechanical properties of an elastic-plastic soil using the Mohr–Coulomb yield criterion and an associated flow rule. Analysis of the oedometer test is performed in low strains. The identification of constitutive parameters is carried out by means of the Newton optimization procedure used to solve inverse problems. The consolidation test problem is solved using new equations proposed in this paper. The solution of the problem according to the equations developed in this paper was validated by the numerical modeling of an oedometric test by following the requirements and the experimental protocol from the Plaxis Finite Element code. The method has been validated through Plaxis’ software, making it reliable. The sensitivity study of the model with respect to its parameters was carried out. Laboratory results analysis over nine samples of the southern Cameroon soils are compared to those computed analytically. The major parameters are Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, the internal friction angle, the cohesion, and the dilatancy angle. The mechanical properties of those soils obtained from the proposed model are very close to, or almost identical in some cases with values obtained in the laboratory. The practical validation and the application of our method have been successfully applied on the lateritic soils of Cameroon. The compressibility curves reconstituted from the proposed theoretical solution are superimposed on those resulting from laboratory tests with low dispersions.
Intestinal Parasitic Infections among Diabetic Patients in Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Khanna Vinay , Lakshmi K. , Khanna Ruchee , Verma Seemitr , Acharya Vasudev
Published: December 2022

Background and Aims. This study was conducted to investigate intestinal parasitic infections among diabetes patients compared to nondiabetic (control) individuals and examine the intensity of parasitosis in both groups. Even though diabetes poses a risk for parasitic infections, similarly, few recent studies suggest that parasitic infections, especially toxoplasmosis, and cysticercosis affecting pancreatic cells, can cause a decrease in insulin secretion, thus leading to diabetes. A retrospective study was carried out to find intestinal parasite infections among diabetics and nondiabetics in tertiary care hospitals. The records were collected from Microbiology Laboratory for five years. Out of 625 patients included in the study, two hundred twenty-seven (36.7%) were diabetic. Of these, most of the intestinal infections were caused by Hookworm (26.58%), followed by Blastocystis hominis (23.2%), and Entamoeba histolytica (12.23%). The risk factors involved in increased intestinal parasitosis were HIV and anemia. The most common parasite isolated among HIV patients was Isospora belli (30.23%). In anemic patients, Hookworm (4.04%) was the most frequently isolated parasite. This study also highlights the risk factors for acquiring intestinal parasites in diabetic patients, especially among patients with other comorbidities such as HIV.
A Comprehensive Survey on the Progress, Process, and Challenges of Lung Cancer Detection and Classification
Authors: Mridha M. F. , Prodeep Akibur Rahman , Hoque A. S. M. Morshedul , Islam Md. Rashedul , Lima Aklima Akter , Kabir Muhammad Mohsin , Hamid Md. Abdul , Watanobe Yutaka
Published: December 2022

Lung cancer is the primary reason of cancer deaths worldwide, and the percentage of death rate is increasing step by step. There are chances of recovering from lung cancer by detecting it early. In any case, because the number of radiologists is limited and they have been working overtime, the increase in image data makes it hard for them to evaluate the images accurately. As a result, many researchers have come up with automated ways to predict the growth of cancer cells using medical imaging methods in a quick and accurate way. Previously, a lot of work was done on computer-aided detection (CADe) and computer-aided diagnosis (CADx) in computed tomography (CT) scan, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and X-ray with the goal of effective detection and segmentation of pulmonary nodule, as well as classifying nodules as malignant or benign. But still, no complete comprehensive review that includes all aspects of lung cancer has been done. In this paper, every aspect of lung cancer is discussed in detail, including datasets, image preprocessing, segmentation methods, optimal feature extraction and selection methods, evaluation measurement matrices, and classifiers. Finally, the study looks into several lung cancer-related issues with possible solutions.
Prognostic Biomarkers after Radiotherapy for Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Based on Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Li Kejun , Wang Shuang , Li Na , Zhao Wenyue , He Ningning , Wang Jinhan , Ji Kaihua , Zhang Manman , Song Huijuan , Liu Qiang , Du Liqing
Published: December 2022

Radiotherapy is one of the main treatment modalities in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, tumor radiosensitivity is influenced by intrinsic factors like genetic variations and extrinsic factors like tumor microenvironment. Consequently, we hope to develop novel biomarkers, so as to improve the response rate of radiotherapy and overcome resistance to radiotherapy in NSCLC. We investigate the difference genes of primary NSCLC patients before and after radiotherapy in GSE162945 dataset. Gene Ontology (GO), KEGG, Reactome, and GSEA were employed to represent the essential gene and biological function. It was found that most pathway genes clustered in extracellular matrix and ECM‐receptor signal pathway. Additionally, TMT‐based proteomics was used to survey the differential proteins present in the supernatant of H460 cells before or after irradiation with 2 Gy of γ‐rays. And then we take the intersection between the proteomics of H460 cell and ECM‐receptor signal pathway proteins of GSE162945 datasets. The data revealed that fibronectin 1 (FN1) and thrombin reactive protein 1 (THBS1) were upregulated after radiation in both datasets. Subsequently, survival analyses using the GEPIA web server demonstrated that FN1 and THBS1 had significant prognostic values (Logrank test P value < 0.05) for LUAD and LUSC. Our observations from this study suggest that FN1 and THBS1 might have potential to serve as novel biomarkers for predicting NSCLC tumor response to radiotherapy.
Optical Wave Phenomena in Birefringent Fibers Described by Space-Time Fractional Cubic-Quartic Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation with the Sense of Beta and Conformable Derivative
Authors: Uddin M. F. , Hafez M. G.
Published: December 2022

The work explores the optical wave solutions along with their graphical representations by proposing the coupled spatial-temporal fractional cubic-quartic nonlinear Schrödinger equation with the sense of two fractal derivatives (beta and conformable derivative) and Kerr law nonlinearity for birefringent fibers. The new extended direct algebraic method for the first time is implemented to achieve this goal. Many optical solutions are listed along with their existence criteria. Based on the existence criteria, the cubic-quartic bright, and singular optical soliton, periodic pulse, and rouge wave profiles are supported in birefringent fibers with the influence of both beta and conformable derivative parameter.
Direction Finding for Passive Bistatic Radar in the Presence of Multipath Propagation
Authors: Hu Panhe , Su Xiaolong , Liu Zhen
Published: December 2022

In the case of multipath propagation for passive bistatic radar (PBR) using uncooperative frequency agile-phased array radar as an illuminator, a new direction-finding method is proposed to deal with the scenario where the coherent and uncorrelated signals are closely spaced or in the same direction. Firstly, spatial difference technique is used to eliminate uncorrelated signals. Then, in order to avoid the cross-terms effect and improve the resolution of coherent signal, the iterative adaptive method (IAA) is adopted for the rearranged spatial difference matrix. Finally, the direction of arrival (DOA) of the target signal is obtained by the reconstruction of the interference-plus-noise covariance matrix. Compared with previous studies, this method has better performance in the case of low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and limited number of snapshots.
High-Temperature Corrosion Behavior of Incoloy 800H Alloy in the Impure Helium Environment
Authors: Zheng Wei , Zhang Huang , Du Bin , Li Haoxiang , Yin Huaqiang , He Xuedong , Ma Tao
Published: December 2022

The helium coolant in the primary circuit of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) contains traces of impurities, which can induce the corrosion of superalloys when exposed to elevated temperatures. The superalloy damage caused by the corrosion could threaten the safe operation of the reactor. In this work, the corrosion behavior of a representative superalloy (chromium-rich iron base alloy Incoloy 800H) was investigated under the impure helium at different typical temperatures of HTGR. An experimental setup developed for studying the high-temperature corrosion of superalloys was used to investigate the chemical reactions and corrosion behaviors of Incoloy 800H. It was found that CO2 is an important oxygen source in the reaction with chromium, and CO is released as the product. In addition, the observation and computation of the critical temperature (TC) of the reaction between CO2 and carbon in the alloy show that TC is much lower than that (TA) of the microclimate reaction, which indicates that CO2 can protect the scale from destruction. Furthermore, the slight decarbonization of the alloy was found above TC. Also, a model developed by the thermodynamic analysis was proposed to explain the mechanism of slight decarbonization and predict the critical temperature when the CO2-C reaction occurs. This work presents a guideline for protecting the oxide scale of superalloys used in HTGR.
Estimation of Accuracy in Human Gender Identification and Recall Values Based on Voice Signals Using Different Classifiers
Authors: Singhal Abhishek , Sharma Devendra Kumar
Published: December 2022

This paper presents the estimation of accuracy in male, female, and transgender identification using different classifiers with the help of voice signals. The recall value of each gender is also calculated. This paper reports the third gender (transgender) identification for the first time. Voice signals are the most appropriate and convenient way to transfer information between the subjects. Voice signal analysis is vital for accurate and fast identification of gender. The Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCCs) are used here as an extracted feature of the voice signals of the speakers. MFCCs are the most convenient and reliable feature that configures the gender identification system. Recurrent Neural Network–Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (RNN-BiLSTM), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) are utilized as classifiers in this work. In the proposed models, the experimental result does not depend on the text of the speech, the language of the speakers, and the time duration of the voice samples. The experimental results are obtained by analyzing the common voice samples. In this article, the RNN-BiLSTM classifier has single-layer architecture, while SVM and LDA have a k-fold value of 5. The recall value of genders and accuracy of the proposed models also varied according to the number of voice samples in training and testing datasets. The highest accuracy for gender identification is found as 94.44%. The simulation results show that the accuracy of the RNN is always found at a higher value than SVM and LDA. The gender-wise highest recall value of the proposed model is 95.63%, 96.71%, and 97.22% for males, females, and transgender, respectively, using voice signals. The recall value of the transgender is high in comparison to other genders.
Fat Fuels the Fire in Cervical Cancer
Authors: Jungles Kassidy M. , Green Michael D.
Published: December 2022

Cervical cancer is the second most common cause of cancer mortality among young women and disproportionately impacts underserved patient populations. An obesity paradox has been observed in cervical cancer wherein patients with higher body mass indices benefit more from standard-of-care chemoradiation. However, the molecular pathways through which obesity modulates treatment response are poorly defined. In exciting work in this issue of Cancer Research, Muhammad and colleagues have shown that monounsaturated and diunsaturated free fatty acids released by adipocytes activate β-oxidation within tumor cells, which potentiates radiotherapy. This work extends our understanding of the metabolic vulnerabilities of cervical cancer.

See related article by Muhammad et al., p. 4515
Renal Histology in CKD Stages: Match or Mismatch with Glomerular Filtration Rate?
Authors: Trevisani Francesco , Floris Matteo , Cinque Alessandra , Bettiga Arianna , Dell’Antonio Giacomo
Published: December 2022

A reliable assessment of renal function is of paramount importance in several clinical assets in order to tailor a personalized medical approach. CKD classification system, created in 2002 by the National Kidney Foundation-sponsored Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative and then implemented in the following years by the K-DIGO guidelines, offered clinicians a new strategy to better identify nephrological patients at low or high risk to develop renal insufficiency, in order to avoid the progression to end-stage renal disease. However, the criteria used to create this classification did not consider some important aspects related to renal histology and glomerular filtration rate measurement, resulting in a possible over- or underestimation of the real established renal damage. In this mini-review, we will summarize the most relevant shortcomings in the CKD classifications, which can create misleading diagnosis in daily clinical practice.
Vigilância em Saúde do Trabalhador e articulações intersetoriais no enfrentamento do trabalho infantil em Diadema, SP, Brasil
Authors: Garbin Andréia De Conto , Yasuda Nancy , Kanasawa Katia Cheli
Published: December 2022

Este artigo visa apresentar uma intervenção desenvolvida no âmbito de atuação do Centro de Referência em Saúde do Trabalhador de Diadema, SP. Os objetivos foram analisar os acidentes de trabalho com adolescentes notificados pela rede municipal de saúde de 2009 a 2019 e relatar as estratégias intersetoriais e as ações de vigilância e prevenção implementadas. Foram analisados os dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação, relatórios técnicos das vigilâncias e registros de reuniões e eventos da equipe. Dos 5.179 acidentes de trabalho graves notificados, 7,5% atingiram jovens entre 14 e 17 anos, sendo 72% do sexo masculino e 28% do feminino. A compreensão do fenômeno de modo ampliado foi favorecida pela discussão intersetorial e pelo matriciamento na saúde. Foram constatadas as dificuldades dos profissionais de saúde em identificar o acidente de trabalho e a negação dos pais sobre as condições adversas de trabalho. Espera-se superar a invisibilidade e subnotificação das situações de trabalho infantil e contribuir para aplicação dos princípios da precaução e da prevenção para construir paradigmas protetivos sobre as crianças e suas famílias no enfrentamento do trabalho infantil.
Cultura de solidariedade e comunicação popular: análise sócio-histórica de publicações impressas de trabalhadores e trabalhadoras (ABC e Grande São Paulo, décadas de 1970 e 1980)
Authors: Miranda Vanessa , Furtado Odair
Published: December 2022

Este artigo discute a organização de movimentos populares no ABC Paulista e na Grande São Paulo e suas lutas pela democracia durante a ditadura civil-militar (1964-1985). Concomitante a uma sistemática de trabalho de base e de busca de diálogo constante com a classe trabalhadora, encontramos nesse período significativa elaboração, confecção e distribuição de materiais de comunicação popular produzidos pelos próprios movimentos atuantes nas décadas de 1970 e 1980. Da análise desses registros, depreende-se processos de organização, cultura e solidariedade, evidenciando-os como dimensão subjetiva da realidade. A partir da psicologia sócio-histórica, identificamos nessas experiências criações de linguagem visual e escrita que desejam transformar e comunicar aspectos culturais da classe trabalhadora voltados à autonomia dos sujeitos, sua emancipação e práticas de solidariedade diante de adversidades socioeconômicas e da violência de Estado. Nesse percurso, buscamos empreender um diálogo interdisciplinar com a psicologia social e autores ligados às áreas de história, artes visuais e estudos histórico- culturais.
Trajetórias laborais: contribuições para estudos no campo da Psicologia Social do Trabalho
Authors: Ornellas Laila Priscila Graf , D'Avila Geruza Tavares , Coutinho Maria Chalfin
Published: December 2022

Neste artigo problematizamos a categoria das trajetórias laborais a partir de duas teses de doutorado em psicologia social do trabalho. Os objetivos das teses foram, de forma sintética, investigar as trajetórias laborais, no primeiro estudo, junto a brasileiros/as retornados/as da Europa ocidental e, no segundo, junto a jovens profissionais diplomados em uma universidade pública brasileira. Ao pensarmos as duas investigações, apontamos aproximações e peculiaridades entre si. Partindo dessas sínteses, buscamos evidenciar a centralidade, os determinantes sociais e históricos e o processo de contínua construção e indeterminação das trajetórias laborais. Assim, consideramos o uso dessa ferramentateórico-metodológica como profícua para os estudos no campo da psicologia social do trabalho.
Trabalho, gestão e saúde-adoecimento: um estudo qualitativo sobre as vivências de bancários no Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Schönardie Clara Faes , Amazarray Mayte Raya
Published: December 2022

Este estudo teve o intuito de conhecer a vivência de trabalhadores bancários no que diz respeito às relações entre organização do trabalho e saúde mental. Foram realizados grupos focais em que participaram bancários de diferentes cidades do Rio Grande do Sul. Os tópicos de discussão buscavam compreender como os profissionais vivenciavam suas experiências laborais. As sessões grupais foram transcritas e submetidas à análise de conteúdo qualitativa, resultando em três grandes categorias: sentido do trabalho, gestão do trabalho bancário, e trabalho e adoecimento. Constatou-se que o sentido do trabalho se apresenta primordialmente como meio de subsistência; e as metas, excessivamente elevadas, contribuem para os trabalhadores renunciarem seus valores éticos. O sofrimento psíquico causado pelo trabalho influencia as relações interpessoais dos participantes, empobrecendo-as do ponto de vista afetivo. Evidenciou-se a necessidade da discussão política da relação entre trabalho e saúde/adoecimento. A partir deste estudo, aposta-se na ação coletiva e na retomada de laços de solidariedade como forma de resistência às estratégias de gestão individualizantes e alienantes.
Comportamento stewardship e desempenho gerencial em empresas familiares
Authors: Kaveski Itzhak David Simão , Beuren Ilse Maria
Published: December 2022

Este estudo analisa a influência do comportamento stewardship dos gestores não familiares no desempenho gerencial em empresas familiares. Adicionalmente, analisa o efeito mediador dos sistemas de controle formal e informal nesta relação. Uma survey foi realizada com 199 gestores de empresas familiares brasileiras e na análise dos dados aplicou-se a modelagem de equações estruturais. Os resultados mostram influência positiva do comportamento stewardship no desempenho de tarefas e contextual, com a interveniência dos sistemas de controle gerencial. Os sistemas de controle formal influenciam o efeito do comportamento stewardship no desempenho de tarefas e contextual, enquanto que os sistemas de controle informal ajudam a explicar apenas o efeito no desempenho contextual. O estudo atende a chamada para mais pesquisas em empresas familiares e revela que variáveis comportamentais de gestores não familiares influenciam o desempenho. Os achados instigam estas empresas a intensificar o comportamento stewardship desses gestores, dado seus efeitos no desempenho gerencial.
Challenging the Hemodynamic Hypothesis in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: Is Exercise Capacity Limited by Elevated Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure?
Authors: Sarma Satyam , MacNamara James P. , Balmain Bryce N. , Hearon Christopher M. , Wakeham Denis J. , Tomlinson Andrew R. , Hynan Linda S. , Babb Tony G. , Levine Benjamin D.
Published: December 2022

Background:

Exercise intolerance is a defining characteristic of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). A marked rise in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) during exertion is pathognomonic for HFpEF and is thought to be a key cause of exercise intolerance. If true, acutely lowering PCWP should improve exercise capacity. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated peak exercise capacity with and without nitroglycerin to acutely lower PCWP during exercise in patients with HFpEF.

Methods:

Thirty patients with HFpEF (70±6 years of age; 63% female) underwent 2 bouts of upright, seated cycle exercise dosed with sublingual nitroglycerin or placebo control every 15 minutes in a single-blind, randomized, crossover design. PCWP (right heart catheterization), oxygen uptake (breath × breath gas exchange), and cardiac output (direct Fick) were assessed at rest, 20 Watts (W), and peak exercise during both placebo and nitroglycerin conditions.

Results:

PCWP increased from 8±4 to 35±9 mm Hg from rest to peak exercise with placebo. With nitroglycerin, there was a graded decrease in PCWP compared with placebo at rest (–1±2 mm Hg), 20W (–5±5 mm Hg), and peak exercise (–7±6 mm Hg; drug × exercise stage
P
=0.004). Nitroglycerin did not affect oxygen uptake at rest, 20W, or peak (placebo, 1.34±0.48 versus nitroglycerin, 1.32±0.46 L/min; drug × exercise
P
=0.984). Compared with placebo, nitroglycerin lowered stroke volume at rest (–8±13 mL) and 20W (–7±11 mL), but not peak exercise (0±10 mL).

Conclusions:

Sublingual nitroglycerin lowered PCWP during submaximal and maximal exercise. Despite reduction in PCWP, peak oxygen uptake was not changed. These results suggest that acute reductions in PCWP are insufficient to improve exercise capacity, and further argue that high PCWP during exercise is not by itself a limiting factor for exercise performance in patients with HFpEF.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT04068844.
Lognormal and Mixed Gaussian–Lognormal Kalman Filters
Authors: Fletcher Steven J. , Zupanski Milija , Goodliff Michael R. , Kliewer Anton J. , Jones Andrew S. , Forsythe John M. , Wu Ting-Chi , Hossen Md. Jakir , Van Loon Senne
Published: December 2022

In this paper we present the derivation of two new forms of the Kalman filter equations; the first is for a pure lognormally distributed random variable, while the second set of Kalman filter equations will be for a combination of Gaussian and lognormally distributed random variables. We show that the appearance is similar to that of the Gaussian-based equations, but that the analysis state is a multivariate median and not the mean. We also show results of the mixed distribution Kalman filter with the Lorenz 1963 model with lognormal errors for the background and observations of the z component, and compare them to analysis results from a traditional Gaussian-based extended Kalman filter and show that under certain circumstances the new approach produces more accurate results.
Experimental investigation on low-velocity impact response of spherical core sandwich structure
Authors: Pandyaraj V , Rajadurai A
Published: December 2022

In the present work, the low-velocity impact characteristics of the spherical core sandwich structures made of glass fibre reinforced plastic (GFRP) are tested at different strike velocities (3, 5, and 7 m/s). Four different types of core orientation, namely, regular, interlock, inverted, and stagger, are designed and fabricated by the hand-layup method. Vinyl ester resin and woven glass fibre fabrics are used as matrices and reinforcements, respectively. The diameter of the spherical core and the pitch distance is chosen as 16 mm and 32 mm, respectively. The impact behaviour of the novel spherical sandwich structures is examined based on the maximum contact force, energy absorption capacity, coefficient of restitution (COR), and damage behaviour. The Regular model shows enhanced energy absorption capacity with a specific absorbed energy of 0.092 J/(kg/m3) at 7 m/s impact velocity. Similarly the Interlock model shows good damage resistance. The typical failure patterns observed in the Interlock model at 3 m/s are matrix cracking (MC) and fibre breakage (FB), whereas, at 5 and 7 m/s impact velocities, the damage core crushing (C) is observed.
Food-related violence, hunger and humanitarian crises
Authors: Dowd Caitriona
Published: December 2022

Violent conflict is the key driver in global food crises. In response, researchers, humanitarians and policy stakeholders have sought to better predict, analyse and respond to food crises in conflict-affected contexts. However, efforts to model conflict’s impacts on hunger typically focus on ‘conflict’ as an aggregate category, rarely distinguishing between violence that directly involves food and food systems from wider insecurity. This study proposes a narrower measure of ‘food-related violence (FRV),’ in which food and food systems feature in acts of political violence. The study asks: to what extent is FRV a driver of food crises? To answer, it develops a measure of disaggregated food-related violence from the Armed Conflict Location & Event Dataset, then tests the comparative strength of the relationship between FRV and subsequent food crises in 16 Sub-Saharan African contexts, drawing on food security data from the Integrated Food Phase Classification system and Cadre Harmonisé. The analysis finds that FRV is more strongly correlated to subsequent food crisis than either general – or other subcategories of – violent events across the sample, pointing to the distinct profile of this modality of violence. The findings suggest that researchers, policymakers and practitioners seeking to understand and address the conflict–hunger nexus would benefit from integrating a measure of this specific modality of violence, as existing approaches with a broad focus on conflict-driven food crises may obscure the extent to which FRV, specifically, contributes to hunger.
Material military power: A country-year measure of military power, 1865–2019
Authors: Souva Mark
Published: December 2022

Military power is central to diplomacy and much of international relations, yet common quantitative measures have limited surface validity. This limitation stems from focusing on latent power and only indirectly incorporating major weapon systems. I contend that weapons are central to military power and present a new measure of country military power based primarily on armaments. The measure includes major naval, air and land weapons as well as nuclear weapons and ballistic missile capability. I examine the surface, content and context validity of the measure and compare it to existing measures. I show that this measure of material military power (MMP) has more surface and context validity than alternative measures. I find that MMP better predicts war outcomes, better accounts for militarized threats, and performs well as a control variable for country power.
Delineating Differences in How US High Schools are Racialized
Authors: Shifrer Dara , Appleton CJ
Published: December 2022

Schools’ overt or explicit practices are a dominant lens through which education researchers and policymakers attempt to understand how schools are racially inequitable. Yet, Lewis and Diamond argue that contemporary racial inequalities are largely sustained through implicit factors, like institutional practices and structural inequalities. Ray’s framework on racialized organizations similarly outlines how our racialized sociopolitical structure becomes embedded in organizations, legitimating and perpetuating the racialized hierarchy. We apply illustrative cluster analysis techniques to rich data on schools, teachers, and students from the nationally representative High School Longitudinal Study of 2009 to find that structural inequities (e.g., student body, sector, average achievement) appear to be most salient in delineating the racialization of US high schools, whereas the characteristics of schools and teachers that are typically emphasized for closing racial inequities in educational outcomes (e.g., teacher qualifications, courses offered, stratification practices) are not salient differentiators across schools.
Giant hypopharyngeal fibroepithelial polyp: A case report and literature review
Authors: Alabdullah Muhammad Nour , Halaweek Nagham , Al Ghabra Yasser , Hamdi Mohammad , Abo Trab Mhd Ayham , Hajjar Faysal
Published: December 2022

Hypopharyngeal fibroepithelial polyp is a rare entity. It could extend along the esophagus, leading to dysphagia. In rare cases, this polyp could present as airway compromise due to occlusion of the inlet of the larynx. The treatment of choice is surgical resection. Accurate defining of the origin of such polyp is mandatory in order to achieve complete resection and avoid recurrence. Although hypopharyngeal FEP is rare, physicians must keep this in mind when a patient presents dysphagia or airway compromise. In the current case, we present a rare case of giant hypopharyngeal FEP originating from the right pyriform sinus detected in a Caucasian female. The patient threw up the polyp after severe vomiting. This case should be the fourth and largest case of hypopharyngeal FEP reported in the literature.
Antecedents of Organizational Identification: A Review and Agenda for Future Research
Authors: Weisman Hannah , Wu Chia-Huei , Yoshikawa Katsuhiko , Lee Hyun-Jung
Published: December 2022

Research on the antecedents of organizational identification (OI), individuals’ sense of oneness with the organization, has developed over time with four major categories: organizational characteristics, managerial policies and practices, interpersonal interactions, and personal attributes. OI research has flourished due to the exploration of antecedents under these four research categories, but it is not well integrated across them. The current lack of integration hinders understanding of the factors that can contribute to OI and how these might jointly shape OI development. To address this important unresolved issue, we seek to provide a comprehensive review of research on the antecedents of OI. In our review, we first summarize the existing research that reflects each of the four major research categories. We then suggest several avenues for future research, including exploration of the longitudinal dynamics between the antecedents and how the antecedents will operate in the context of key emerging work trends: remote work and digital transformation.