bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Localization with Graph Diffusion Property
Authors: Chen Pengpeng , Yin Yuqing , Gao Shouwan , Niu Qiang , Gu Jun
Published: July 2017

Node localization is an essential issue in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Many range-free localization methods have been proposed to satisfy the requirement of low-system cost. However, some range-free methods only depend on network connectivity, and others only utilize the proximity information attached in neighborhood ordering. To employ the strength of the above two aspects, this paper introduces a new metric system called Combined and Weighted Diffusion Distance (CWDD). CWDD is designed to obtain the relative distance among nodes based on both graph diffusion property and neighbor information. We implement our design by embedding CWDD into two well-known localization algorithms and evaluate it by extensive simulations. Results show that our design improves the localization performance in large scale and non-uniform sensor networks, which reduces positioning errors by as much as 26%.
Frame Transmission Efficiency-Based Cross-Layer Congestion Notification Scheme in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: He Huaguang , Li Taoshen , Feng Luting , Ye Jin
Published: July 2017

Different from the traditional wired network, the fundamental cause of transmission congestion in wireless ad hoc networks is medium contention. How to utilize the congestion state from the MAC (Media Access Control) layer to adjust the transmission rate is core work for transport protocol design. However, recent works have shown that the existing cross-layer congestion detection solutions are too complex to be deployed or not able to characterize the congestion accurately. We first propose a new congestion metric called frame transmission efficiency (i.e., the ratio of successful transmission delay to the frame service delay), which describes the medium contention in a fast and accurate manner. We further present the design and implementation of RECN (ECN and the ratio of successful transmission delay to the frame service delay in the MAC layer, namely, the frame transmission efficiency), a general supporting scheme that adjusts the transport sending rate through a standard ECN (Explicit Congestion Notification) signaling method. Our method can be deployed on commodity switches with small firmware updates, while making no modification on end hosts. We integrate RECN transparently (i.e., without modification) with TCP on NS2 simulation. The experimental results show that RECN remarkably improves network goodput across multiple concurrent TCP flows.
Flexible Boron-Doped Diamond (BDD) Electrodes for Plant Monitoring
Authors: Tago Shoko , Ochiai Tsuyoshi , Suzuki Seitaro , Hayashi Mio , Kondo Takeshi , Fujishima Akira
Published: July 2017

Detecting the bio-potential changes of plants would be useful for monitoring their growth and health in the field. A sensitive plant monitoring system with flexible boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes prepared from BDD powder and resin (Nafion or Vylon-KE1830) was investigated. The properties of the electrodes were compared with those of small BDD plate-type electrodes by monitoring the bioelectric potentials of potted Aloe and hybrid species in the genus Opuntia. While flexible BDD electrodes have wide potential windows, their cyclic voltammograms are different from those of the BDD plate. Further, the potential gap between a pair of electrodes attached to the plants changes as the plants are stimulated artificially with a finger touch, suggesting that the bioelectric potentials in the plant also changed, manifesting as changes in the potential gap between the electrodes. The BDD electrodes were assessed for their response reproducibility to a finger stimulus for 30 days. It was concluded that the plant monitoring system worked well with flexible BDD electrodes. Further, the electrodes were stable, and as reliable as the BDD plate electrodes in this study. Thus, a flexible and inexpensive BDD electrode system was successfully fabricated for monitoring the bioelectric potential changes in plants.
Electromagnetic Differential Measuring Method: Application in Microstrip Sensors Developing
Authors: Ferrández-Pastor Francisco , García-Chamizo Juan , Nieto-Hidalgo Mario
Published: July 2017

Electromagnetic radiation is energy that interacts with matter. The interaction process is of great importance to the sensing applications that characterize material media. Parameters like constant dielectric represent matter characteristics and they are identified using emission, interaction and reception of electromagnetic radiation in adapted environmental conditions. How the electromagnetic wave responds when it interacts with the material media depends on the range of frequency used and the medium parameters. Different disciplines use this interaction and provides non-intrusive applications with clear benefits, remote sensing, earth sciences (geology, atmosphere, hydrosphere), biological or medical disciplines use this interaction and provides non-intrusive applications with clear benefits. Electromagnetic waves are transmitted and analyzed in the receiver to determine the interaction produced. In this work a method based in differential measurement technique is proposed as a novel way of detecting and characterizing electromagnetic matter characteristics using sensors based on a microstrip patch. The experimental results, based on simulations, show that it is possible to obtain benefits from the behavior of the wave-medium interaction using differential measurement on reception of electromagnetic waves at different frequencies or environmental conditions. Differential method introduce advantages in measure processes and promote new sensors development. A new microstrip sensor that uses differential time measures is proposed to show the possibilities of this method.
Enhanced Strain Measurement Range of an FBG Sensor Embedded in Seven-Wire Steel Strands
Authors: Kim Jae-Min , Kim Chul-Min , Choi Song-Yi , Lee Bang Yeon
Published: July 2017

FBG sensors offer many advantages, such as a lack of sensitivity to electromagnetic waves, small size, high durability, and high sensitivity. However, their maximum strain measurement range is lower than the yield strain range (about 1.0%) of steel strands when embedded in steel strands. This study proposes a new FBG sensing technique in which an FBG sensor is recoated with polyimide and protected by a polyimide tube in an effort to enhance the maximum strain measurement range of FBG sensors embedded in strands. The validation test results showed that the proposed FBG sensing technique has a maximum strain measurement range of 1.73% on average, which is 1.73 times higher than the yield strain of the strands. It was confirmed that recoating the FBG sensor with polyimide and protecting the FBG sensor using a polyimide tube could effectively enhance the maximum strain measurement range of FBG sensors embedded in strands.
Exploring Precision Farming Scenarios Using Fuzzy Cognitive Maps
Authors: Mourhir Asmaa , Papageorgiou Elpiniki , Kokkinos Konstantinos , Rachidi Tajjeeddine
Published: July 2017

One of the major problems confronted in precision agriculture is uncertainty about how exactly would yield in a certain area respond to decreased application of certain nutrients. One way to deal with this type of uncertainty is the use of scenarios as a method to explore future projections from current objectives and constraints. In the absence of data, soft computing techniques can be used as effective semi-quantitative methods to produce scenario simulations, based on a consistent set of conditions. In this work, we propose a dynamic rule-based Fuzzy Cognitive Map variant to perform simulations, where the novelty resides in an enhanced forward inference algorithm with reasoning that is characterized by magnitudes of change and effects. The proposed method leverages expert knowledge to provide an estimation of crop yield, and hence it can enable farmers to gain insights about how yield varies across a field, so they can determine how to adapt fertilizer application accordingly. It allows also producing simulations that can be used by managers to identify effects of increasing or decreasing fertilizers on yield, and hence it can facilitate the adoption of precision agriculture regulations by farmers. We present an illustrative example to predict cotton yield change, as a response to stimulated management options using proactive scenarios, based on decreasing Phosphorus, Potassium and Nitrogen. The results of the case study revealed that decreasing the three nutrients by half does not decrease yield by more than 10%.
The UK’s Emissions and Employment Footprints: Exploring the Trade-Offs
Authors: Sakai Marco , Owen Anne , Barrett John
Published: July 2017

During the last decades, the UK economy has increasingly relied on foreign markets to fulfil its material needs, becoming a net importer of both emissions and employment. While the emissions footprint reflects the pressure that consumption exerts on the planet’s climate, the labour footprint represents the employment that is created across the globe associated with the demand for products and services. This paper has a two-fold objective. First, it focuses on analysing the behaviour over time, drivers, and sectoral and regional composition of both UK’s footprints. Second, it explores the relationship between both measures by estimating the elasticity between the growth of emissions and employment embodied in imports. The results show that around half of the emissions associated with UK consumption were generated outside its borders, while only 40% of total employment was domestic. This has important policy implications. Reducing UK’s imports can contribute to cut both its footprints, generating less emissions abroad and more employment opportunities within. However, cutting imports is challenging, since this would require a lengthy and difficult process of structural transformation. The UK could contribute to curb emissions outside its borders, while safeguarding development overseas, by offering increased support to emission-intensive trade partners in the form of technology transfer and financial aid.
Evaluating the Scale Effect of Soil Erosion Using Landscape Pattern Metrics and Information Entropy: A Case Study in the Danjiangkou Reservoir Area, China
Authors: Huang Qiuping , Huang Jiejun , Yang Xining , Ren Lemeng , Tang Cong , Zhao Lixue
Published: July 2017

The regular patterns of soil erosion tend to change at different scales of observation, affecting the mechanism of soil erosion and its evolution characteristics. This phenomenon has essential scientific significance for the rational allocation of land resources and for studies on sustainable ecosystems. As an important agricultural area in China, Danjiangkou reservoir is threatened by severe soil erosion. In this study, we selected four kinds of landscape pattern metrics, including patch density, fractal dimension, Shannon diversity index, and connectivity, to analyze soil erosion intensity in the Danjiangkou reservoir area at different scales based on landscape ecological principles. In addition, we determine the optimum research scale of the experimental area by calculating the information entropy value of soil patches at different scales. The findings suggest that: (1) the landscape pattern of soil erosion in the experimental area is obviously scale-dependent, and the responses to scale differ from index to index; (2) as the scale of observation increases, the fragmentation of soil patches is weakened, the stability of different landscape components is enhanced, and the soil becomes less vulnerable to erosion; and (3) based on information entropy theory, 60 m is confirmed to be the optimum scale of this study.
Strategic Adaptive Governance and Climate Change: Policymaking during Extreme Political Upheaval
Authors: Armstrong John , Kamieniecki Sheldon
Published: July 2017

Adaptive governance seeks to address complicated and difficult policy problems. Due to the extreme political upheaval wrought by the Trump administration’s dismantling of federal climate change programs, many state and local governments are considering new policy approaches. Yet by ignoring crucial aspects of politics and intergovernmental relations, the adaptive governance literature provides little guidance for such substantial issues. This paper introduces the concept of strategic adaptive governance, a framework for permitting policymakers to achieve the highest rate of compliance possible under existing conditions and constraints involving state and local policy, despite political upheaval. The strategic adaptive governance model embraces politics, accounts for the role of central authorities, and emphasizes the motivations, resources, and interdependencies of affected parties. We apply the model in an analysis of California’s Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006 (AB 32), examining the extent to which it aligns with strategic adaptive governance, and evaluating the potential for the state to utilize the model. We find that AB 32 aligns moderately with strategic adaptive governance, and discuss how the model could help protect and enhance policy gains. More broadly, strategic adaptive governance provides a generic and universal framework for policymakers interested in tactical formulation of any regulatory policy.
A Bacterial Toxin with Analgesic Properties: Hyperpolarization of DRG Neurons by Mycolactone
Authors: Song Ok-Ryul , Kim Han-Byul , Jouny Samuel , Ricard Isabelle , Vandeputte Alexandre , Deboosere Nathalie , Marion Estelle , Queval Christophe , Lesport Pierre , Bourinet Emmanuel , Henrion Daniel , Oh Seog , Lebon Guillaume , Sandoz Guillaume , Yeramian Edouard , Marsollier Laurent , Brodin Priscille
Published: July 2017

Mycolactone, a polyketide molecule produced by Mycobacterium ulcerans, is the etiological agent of Buruli ulcer. This lipid toxin is endowed with pleiotropic effects, presents cytotoxic effects at high doses, and notably plays a pivotal role in host response upon colonization by the bacillus. Most remarkably, mycolactone displays intriguing analgesic capabilities: the toxin suppresses or alleviates the pain of the skin lesions it inflicts. We demonstrated that the analgesic capability of mycolactone was not attributable to nerve damage, but instead resulted from the triggering of a cellular pathway targeting AT2 receptors (angiotensin II type 2 receptors; AT2R), and leading to potassium-dependent hyperpolarization. This demonstration paves the way to new nature-inspired analgesic protocols. In this direction, we assess here the hyperpolarizing properties of mycolactone on nociceptive neurons. We developed a dedicated medium-throughput assay based on membrane potential changes, and visualized by confocal microscopy of bis-oxonol-loaded Dorsal Root Ganglion (DRG) neurons. We demonstrate that mycolactone at non-cytotoxic doses triggers the hyperpolarization of DRG neurons through AT2R, with this action being not affected by known ligands of AT2R. This result points towards novel AT2R-dependent signaling pathways in DRG neurons underlying the analgesic effect of mycolactone, with the perspective for the development of new types of nature-inspired analgesics.
Novel Fri1-like Viruses Infecting Acinetobacter baumannii—vB_AbaP_AS11 and vB_AbaP_AS12—Characterization, Comparative Genomic Analysis, and Host-Recognition Strategy.
Authors: Popova Anastasia , Lavysh Daria , Klimuk Evgeniy , Edelstein Mikhail , Bogun Alexander , Shneider Mikhail , Goncharov Artemiy , Leonov Sergey , Severinov Konstantin
Published: July 2017

Acinetobacter baumannii is a gram-negative, non-fermenting aerobic bacterium which is often associated with hospital-acquired infections and known for its ability to develop resistance to antibiotics, form biofilms, and survive for long periods in hospital environments. In this study, we present two novel viruses, vB_AbaP_AS11 and vB_AbaP_AS12, specifically infecting and lysing distinct multidrug-resistant clinical A. baumannii strains with K19 and K27 capsular polysaccharide structures, respectively. Both phages demonstrate rapid adsorption, short latent periods, and high burst sizes in one-step growth experiments. The AS11 and AS12 linear double-stranded DNA genomes of 41,642 base pairs (bp) and 41,402 bp share 86.3% nucleotide sequence identity with the most variable regions falling in host receptor–recognition genes. These genes encode tail spikes possessing depolymerizing activities towards corresponding capsular polysaccharides which are the primary bacterial receptors. We described AS11 and AS12 genome organization and discuss the possible regulation of transcription. The overall genomic architecture and gene homology analyses showed that the phages are new representatives of the recently designated Fri1virus genus of the Autographivirinae subfamily within the Podoviridae family.
Synchronous Langat Virus Infection of Haemaphysalis longicornis Using Anal Pore Microinjection
Authors: Talactac Melbourne , Yoshii Kentaro , Hernandez Emmanuel , Kusakisako Kodai , Galay Remil , Fujisaki Kozo , Mochizuki Masami , Tanaka Tetsuya
Published: July 2017

The tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) serocomplex of flaviviruses consists of arboviruses that cause important diseases in animals and humans. The transmission of this group of viruses is commonly associated with tick species such as Ixodes spp., Dermacentor spp., and Hyalomma spp. In the case of Haemaphysalis longicornis, the detection and isolation of flaviviruses have been previously reported. However, studies showing survival dynamics of any tick-borne flavivirus in H. longicornis are still lacking. In this study, an anal pore microinjection method was used to infect adult H. longicornis with Langat virus (LGTV), a naturally attenuated member of the TBEV serocomplex. LGTV detection in ticks was done by real-time PCR, virus isolation, and indirect immunofluorescent antibody test. The maximum viral titer was recorded at 28 days post-inoculation, and midgut cells were shown to be the primary replication site. The tick can also harbor the virus for at least 120 days and can successfully transmit LGTV to susceptible mice as confirmed by detection of LGTV antibodies. However, no transovarial transmission was observed from the egg and larval samples. Taken together, our results highly suggest that anal pore microinjection can be an effective method in infecting adult H. longicornis, which can greatly assist in our efforts to study tick and virus interactions.
Total Discharge Estimation in the Korean Peninsula Using Multi-Satellite Products
Authors: Seo Jae , Lee Sang-Il
Published: July 2017

Estimation of total discharge is necessary to understand the hydrological cycle and to manage water resources efficiently. However, the task is problematic in an area where ground observations are limited. The North Korea region is one example. Here, the total discharge was estimated based on the water balance using multiple satellite products. They are the terrestrial water storage changes (TWSC) derived from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE), precipitation from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), and evapotranspiration from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). The satellite-based discharge was compared with land surface model products of the Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS), and a positive relationship between the results was obtained (r = 0.70–0.86; bias = −9.08–16.99 mm/month; RMSE = 36.90–62.56 mm/month; NSE = 0.01–0.62). Among the four land surface models of GLDAS (CLM, Mosaic, Noah, and VIC), CLM corresponded best with the satellite-based discharge, satellite-based discharge has a tendency to slightly overestimate compared to model-based discharge (CLM, Mosaic, Noah, and VIC) in the dry season. Also, the total discharge data based on the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS) and the in situ discharge for major five river basins in South Korea show comparable seasonality and high correlation with the satellite-based discharge. In spite of the relatively low spatial resolution of GRACE, and loss of information incurred during the process of integrating three different satellite products, the proposed methodology can be a practical tool to estimate the total discharge with reasonable accuracy, especially in a region with scarce hydrologic data.
Using Ostrom’s DPs as Fuzzy Sets to Analyse How Water Policies Challenge Community-Based Water Governance in Colombia
Authors: Delgado-Serrano María , Ramos Pablo , Lasso Zapata Edwin
Published: July 2017

Ostrom’s design principles have been broadly used to analyse the governance of common pool resources. However, they are normally assessed as present or absent. We challenge this assumption by considering them as fuzzy sets where membership scores range from 0 to 1, because, in real situations, the design principles can be present at a certain level. We define categories to assess the level of membership and apply it to a single case study analysing how changes in water policy can affect the community-based management of the Water User Association of Mondomo (Colombia). In rural areas of Colombia, most water and sanitation services are provided by water user associations, wherein civil society has developed governance systems based on active citizen involvement and community-based management. Some of these associations have been operating for decades and are essential pillars of the local social fabric. However, recent changes in the country’s policy and legal framework threaten these long-lasting governance systems. The results show that most of the design principles would suffer important changes that undermine the governance system. Essential principles for sustainable community-based governance, such as the congruence of the rules with local conditions, the local monitoring and sanctioning capacities, the internal conflict-resolution mechanisms and the recognition of the rights to organize, are dramatically reduced after the policy implementation.
Association of Supergranule Mean Scales with Solar Cycle Strengths and Total Solar Irradiance
Authors: Mandal Sudip , Chatterjee Subhamoy , Banerjee Dipankar
Published: July 2017

We analyze the long-term behavior of the supergranule scale parameter, in active regions (ARs) and quiet regions (QRs), using the Kodaikanal digitized data archive. This database provides century-long daily full disk observations of the Sun in Ca ii K wavelengths. In this paper, we study the distributions of the supergranular scales, over the whole data duration, which show identical shape in these two regimes. We found that the AR mean scale values are always higher than that of the QR for every solar cycle. The mean scale values are highly correlated with the sunspot number cycle amplitude and also with total solar irradiance (TSI) variations. Such a correlation establishes the cycle-wise mean scale as a potential calibrator for the historical data reconstructions. We also see an upward trend in the mean scales, as has already been reported in TSI. This may provide new input for climate forcing models. These results also give us insight into the different evolutionary scenarios of the supergranules in the presence of strong (AR) and weak (QR) magnetic fields.
Cooling Timescale of Dust Tori in Dying Active Galactic Nuclei
Authors: Ichikawa Kohei , Tazaki Ryo
Published: July 2017

We estimate the dust torus cooling timescale once the active galactic nucleus (AGN) is quenched. In a clumpy torus system, once the incoming photons are suppressed, the cooling timescale of one clump from T
dust = 1000 K to several 10 K is less than 10 years, indicating that the dust torus cooling time is mainly governed by the light crossing time of the torus from the central engine. After considering the light crossing time of the torus, the AGN torus emission at 12 μm becomes over two orders of magnitude fainter within 100 years after the quenching. We also propose that those “dying” AGNs could be found using the AGN indicators with a different physical scale R such as 12 μm band luminosity tracing AGN torus (R ∼ 10 pc) and the optical [O iii]λ5007 emission line tracing narrow line regions (R = 102–4 pc).
The CN–CH Positive Correlation in the Globular Cluster NGC 5286
Authors: Lim Dongwook , Hong Seungsoo , Lee Young-Wook
Published: July 2017

We performed low-resolution spectroscopy of the red giant stars in the Galactic globular cluster (GC) NGC 5286, which is known to show intrinsic heavy element abundance variations. We found that the observed stars in this GC are clearly divided into three subpopulations by CN index (CN-weak, CN-intermediate, and CN-strong). The CN-strong stars are also enhanced in the calcium HK′ (7.4σ) and CH (5.1σ) indices, while the CN-intermediate stars show no significant difference in the strength of the HK′ index from the CN-weak stars. From the comparison with high-resolution spectroscopic data, we found that the CN- and HK′-strong stars are also enhanced in the abundances of Fe and s-process elements. It appears, therefore, that these stars are later-generation stars affected by some supernova enrichment in addition to the asymptotic giant branch ejecta. In addition, unlike normal GCs, sample stars in NGC 5286 show the CN–CH positive correlation, strengthening our previous suggestion that this positive correlation is only discovered in GCs with heavy element abundance variations, such as M22 and NGC 6273.
Cosmic-Ray Feedback Heating of the Intracluster Medium
Authors: Ruszkowski Mateusz , Yang H.-Y. Karen , Reynolds Christopher S.
Published: July 2017

Active galactic nuclei (AGNs) play a central role in solving the decades-old cooling-flow problem. Although there is consensus that AGNs provide the energy to prevent catastrophically large star formation, one major problem remains: How is the AGN energy thermalized in the intracluster medium (ICM)? We perform a suite of three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamical adaptive mesh refinement simulations of AGN feedback in a cool core cluster including cosmic rays (CRs). CRs are supplied to the ICM via collimated AGN jets and subsequently disperse in the magnetized ICM via streaming, and interact with the ICM via hadronic, Coulomb, and streaming instability heating. We find that CR transport is an essential model ingredient at least within the context of the physical model considered here. When streaming is included, (i) CRs come into contact with the ambient ICM and efficiently heat it, (ii) streaming instability heating dominates over Coulomb and hadronic heating, (iii) the AGN is variable and the atmosphere goes through low-/high-velocity dispersion cycles, and, importantly, (iv) CR pressure support in the cool core is very low and does not demonstrably violate observational constraints. However, when streaming is ignored, CR energy is not efficiently spent on the ICM heating and CR pressure builds up to a significant level, creating tension with the observations. Overall, we demonstrate that CR heating is a viable channel for the AGN energy thermalization in clusters and likely also in ellipticals, and that CRs play an important role in determining AGN intermittency and the dynamical state of cool cores.
Roche-lobe Overflow in Eccentric Planet–Star Systems
Authors: Dosopoulou Fani , Naoz Smadar , Kalogera Vassiliki
Published: July 2017

Many giant exoplanets are found near their Roche limit and in mildly eccentric orbits. In this study, we examine the fate of such planets through Roche-lobe overflow as a function of the physical properties of the binary components, including the eccentricity and the asynchronicity of the rotating planet. We use a direct three-body integrator to compute the trajectories of the lost mass in the ballistic limit and investigate the possible outcomes. We find three different outcomes for the mass transferred through the Lagrangian point L
1: (1) self-accretion by the planet, (2) direct impact on the stellar surface, and (3) disk formation around the star. We explore the parameter space of the three different regimes and find that at low eccentricities,

, mass overflow leads to disk formation for most systems, while, for higher eccentricities or retrograde orbits, self-accretion is the only possible outcome. We conclude that the assumption often made in previous work that when a planet overflows its Roche lobe it is quickly disrupted and accreted by the star is not always valid.
Otophyma, Rhinophyma and Telangiectatic Rosacea – A Rare Combination in a Female Patient
Authors: Wollina Uwe , Lotti Torello , Tchernev Georgi
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUND: Rosacea is an inflammatory facial dermatosis seen more frequently in adults in their second half of life. The phymas are a particular subtype with sebaceous gland hyperplasia and progressive fibrosis.CASE REPORT: We report on the rare simultaneous occurrence of telangiectatic rosacea, otophyma and rhinophyma in a 50-year-old female with psoriatic arthritis, chronic lymphedema of the legs, and metabolic syndrome.CONCLUSION: Despite the preference of rhinophyma and otophyma to the male gender, their occurrence in females needs to be considers in the differential diagnosis of dermatoses of head and neck. Early diagnosis and appropriate medical treatment improve outcome and help to avoid surgery.
Réflexions autour de l’impact de la pornographie… sur la sexualité adolescente
Authors: Smaniotto Barbara
Published: July 2017

L’essor des nouvelles technologies et d’Internet a démocratisé la pornographie, rendant son accès facile, permanent et sans véritable réglementation. S’infiltrant jusque dans des sites bien anodins, le voir pornographique s’impose inexorablement à l’œil, sans distinction du sexe et surtout de l’âge du sujet derrière son écran. Les adolescents, aujourd’hui hyperconnectés, n’y échappent pas… Bien que le lien entre consommation de pornographie et agressions sexuelles à l’adolescence ne soit pas établi, c’est dans notre pratique auprès des adolescents présentant une sexualité préoccupante, voire auteurs de violences sexuelles, que cette question s’est imposée. À partir de cette clinique, sans diaboliser ni banaliser, nous proposons d’explorer l’impact de la pornographie sur la construction de la sexualité adolescente.
Le discours des cyberaddictologues… : sa dynamique, sa vérité et ses effets. Un nouveau malaise de la jeunesse dans la culture
Authors: Bogajewski Sébastien
Published: July 2017

Si la psychologie clinique s’intéresse de plus en plus au jeu vidéo dans son entièreté, il n’a longtemps été appréhendé que sous la seule question de ses mésusages. Au premier rang desquels nous trouvons les questions de cyberaddiction. Tout un discours (au sens qu’en donne Lacan) s’est forgé autour de l’idée qu’un jeu pourrait devenir une drogue. Nous serions quelque peu naïfs de penser que l’estompage – récent – de la portée scientifique et médiatique de ce discours suffirait à balayer d’un revers de main la nécessité d’une analyse approfondie de sa mécanique. En effet, il nous apparaît comme le prototype d’un discours plus général sur la place de la jeunesse dans nos sociétés modernes, mais également sur la place des psychologues dans la cité. À partir de l’étude des causes et des effets, de la vérité comme de la production du discours des cyberaddictologues, nous souhaitons ouvrir une réflexion quant à ses effets cliniques. De là, nous explorerons la place des joueurs et de leur famille dans ce débat. Nos interrogations nous amèneront enfin à discuter la place du psychologue : sommes-nous des agents de l’ordre social ? Ou ceux qui accompagnent l’individu dans la quête de son propre savoir ?
Les violences sexuelles sur les enfants en Algérie
Authors: Amal Djaghmoune
Published: July 2017

La délinquance sexuelle commence lentement à émerger à la conscience collective. D’après cette étude la majorité des victimes de violence sexuelles sont des enfants qui appartiennent à l’entourage familial ou extrafamilial de l’agresseur. Différentes typologies sont présentées dans le but de parvenir à une meilleure compréhension du profil des victimes et des agresseurs sexuels. Cela afin de développer nos connaissances sur cette problématique et de parvenir ainsi à une meilleure prévention.
Le retable d’Issenheim ou « l’épreuve du pâtir »
Authors: Falque Emmanuel
Published: July 2017

Le souffrir est un « pâtir pur ». Cette formule d’Emmanuel Levinas vaut de l’homme certes, mais aussi de Dieu, voire de l’Homme-Dieu. Mathias Grünewald, en 1516 à Colmar, le donne à voir, lui le témoin d’une population décimée par ladite « maladie du seigle » et réfugiée à l’hospice des Antonins à Issenheim. Mais on ne voit ordinairement dans le célèbre triptyque de la Crucifixion que souffrance, sorte de dolorisme dont les doigts du Christ crispés sur la croix marqueraient l’apogée. Il y a pourtant davantage. Car le Fils de Dieu n’a pas seulement assumé nos fautes (mort pour notre salut) mais aussi pris sur le poids de nos souffrances et de nos maladies (mort pour nous les hommes). C’est ainsi la dégénérescence de notre propre corps qui est ici crucifiée, selon un principe de finitude aujourd’hui à ne pas oublier. L’angoisse n’est pas celle du « péché » seulement, bien qu’elle le soit aussi, mais encore celle de la « maladie » de notre corps et du « sens » de notre existence. Ainsi le Crucifié du retable d’Issenheim est-il bien l’image et l’illustration du « Passeur de Gethsémani », qui ne « pâtit » que pour opérer, avec nous et en nous, le « passage ».
Aux sources de la laïcité et de la nation française : émancipation ou influence du religieux ?
Authors: Piettre Pauline
Published: July 2017

La question de la laïcité et de l’identité nationale sont des thèmes qui secouent régulièrement les débats de la société française. Lucien Jaume et Bernard Bourdin reviennent sur ces notions pour en expliquer à la fois les origines historiques ou théologiques mais aussi les liens qui se sont noués depuis entre le politique et le religieux. Tout en expliquant que la Révolution a souhaité s’affranchir de l’Église, les auteurs rappellent que le thème de la laïcité ou de l’unité sont en réalité de source chrétienne. Aussi, l’émancipation du religieux, qui s’est inscrite dans notre histoire politique depuis la Révolution, ne peut faire oublier que l’apport du christianisme et de l’Église dans la civilisation occidentale est fondamental et explique en partie notre regard sur la liberté, sur la nation ou encore sur la laïcité.
Efficiency and Safety of CRAC Inhibitors in Human Rheumatoid Arthritis Xenograft Models
Authors: Liu Shuang , Hasegawa Hitoshi , Takemasa Erika , Suzuki Yasuyuki , Oka Keizou , Kiyoi Takeshi , Takeda Hiroyuki , Ogasawara Tomio , Sawasaki Tatsuya , Yasukawa Masaki , Maeyama Kazutaka
Published: July 2017

Store-operated Ca2+ release–activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels are involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and have been studied as therapeutic targets in the management of RA. We investigated the efficacy and safety of CRAC inhibitors, including a neutralizing Ab (hCRACM1-IgG) and YM-58483, in the treatment of RA. Patient-derived T cell and B cell activity was suppressed by hCRACM1-IgG as well as YM-58483. Systemically constant, s.c. infused CRAC inhibitors showed anti-inflammatory activity in a human-NOD/SCID xenograft RA model as well as protective effects against the destruction of cartilage and bone. hCRACM1-IgG appeared to be safe for systemic application, whereas YM-58483 showed hepatic and renal toxicity in xenograft mice. Treatment with both CRAC inhibitors also caused hyperglycemia in xenograft mice. These results indicate the potential of hCRACM1-IgG and YM-58483 as anti-immunological agents for the treatment of RA. However, some safety issues should be addressed and application methods should be optimized prior to their clinical use.
Chilaiditi’s sign or syndrome? Diagnostic question in two patients with concurrent cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Hountis Panagiotis , Chounti Maria
Published: July 2017

Chilaiditi’s sign is the asymptomatic, usually incidental radiographic finding, in which a part of the intestine is located between the liver and the diaphragm. The term Chilaiditi syndrome is referred to cases with symptomatic hepatodiaphragmatic interposition. Chilaiditi’s syndrome is usually associated with abdominal or lower thoracic symptoms. We present here the cases of two patients that were admitted with predominantly thoracic  atypical pain. During cardiac work up, it was found that there was a concurrent heart disease for which both patients were managed. Although both patients were treated for the heart disease, a full conservative treatment was implemented, having in mind that Chilaiditi’s syndrome instead of sign could be responsible for the symptoms. Patients’ course was uneventful and they are regularly followed up.  

 
How to define the therapeutic limits
Authors: Cester Alberto , Maselli Monica , Bolzetta Francesco
Published: July 2017

With the advance of technological progress and the increase in life expectancy, it is nowadays mandatory to define what is the therapeutic limit. Every day each physician must take therapeutic decisions on the basis of his scientific knowledge, but also of his own conscience and sense of limits. They can not avoid to consider the global risk of death, disability and morbidity in more advanced age, especially in the field of cardiology and cardiac surgery. In these subjects, both fit that frail, is necessary not only an evaluation for adequate risk assessment, but also a multidimensional assessment performed with advanced tools. The resilience of the subject, ability for which some patients considered out of therapy demonstrate the ability to adapt and overcome critical phases, must also be weighed. Where and what is the therapeutic limit should be evaluated individually with humility, competence and capacity for dialogue with other disciplines in a work team that respects the individual professionalism. In recent years, much has changed in the cardiology/cardiac surgery approach in old people. With the development of less or minimal invasive new techniques, there are no more insurmountable limits that can be connected only to the chronological age of the patients.
Treatment of mitral regurgitation
Authors: Violini Roberto , Cifarelli Alberta , De Felice Francesco , Chin Diana
Published: July 2017

In the elderly mitral regurgitation is very frequent and surgical correction of mitral regurgitation (MR) has often a high operative risk, consequently, over the years, different percutaneous transcatheter techniques have been developed as a valid alternative to surgery. The edge-to-edge repair with the MitraClip device has gained a wide clinical application, supported by several studies, both randomize trials and registries. It is indicated in functional MR as in degenerative MR. The outcome is usually positive, resulting in a reduction of the regurgitation to grade 1+ or 2+ and an improvement in the functional class to I or II reducing hospitalizations. Its cost-effectiveness too is supported by some studies.
Outcropping and remotely predicted lineaments, faults, fractures, and dykes in the Kiggavik uranium camp, Nunavut
Authors: Anand A , Jefferson C W
Published: July 2017

Reactivated faults and their intersections are key exploration criteria for unconformity associated uranium (U) deposits. This poster shows how lineament data were generated and compiled over the Kiggavik uranium (U) camp, Nunavut, as part of a larger goal to
understand fault reactivation in and around the northeastern Thelon Basin. The remote predictive maps presented here show lineaments at various scales, from regional scale through to camp scale to highly detailed. We show how the fractal range of lineament scales can be connected to and calibrated
from detailed outcrop exposures. Lineaments were added to the compilation based on single prominent, or two or more moderate but coincident, straight features and/or offsets of other linear features, such as: broad to narrow demagnetized zones, stepped changes from higher to lower aeromagnetic
intensity, linear magnetic highs associated with dykes filling these faults, straight sections of streams, lake-shores and swamps, linear steps in elevation, and geological contacts. The orientations of parallel swarms of lineaments are used to assign lineaments to classes of structures consistent
with Riedel shear stress models. The lineaments are interpreted as faults, fractures and shear zones that resulted from a long, episodic Proterozoic deformation history, presented herein abbreviated form. The structural geological rationales for linking the stress models to successive tectonic
events are developed with outcrop examples in the simultaneously released Open File 7895. Note: References cited in poster are located in accompanying digital file.
Variation in the response to pain between athletes and non-athletes
Authors: Sharma Parul , Sandhu Jaspal , Shenoy Shweta
Published: July 2017

Athletes have been found to endure more pain than nonathletes. This may be due to more frequent use of adaptive pain responses by athletes. In this study, we aimed to identify the pain responses, which are most frequently employed by athletes and compare them with a non-athletic control group. Ninety male athletes from different sports categories (contact, limited-contact and non-contact) and thirty healthy male non-athletes were selected for this study. Results showed that athletes used adaptive pain responses (social support, activity) more frequently (0.001, 0.004 respectively) and maladaptive pain responses (avoidance), less frequently (0.001) than non-athletes. Further studies are required to investigate optimal timing and methods for these techniques to better understand the influence of these pain responses on pain control.
Spontaneous relief of mechanical bowel obstruction in gallstone ileus
Authors: Glessa Abdallah , Mansor Salah , Elgazwi Khaled
Published: July 2017

We report the case of a 60-year-old female Libyan patient who presented with a three day history of vomiting, colicky abdominal pain, and constipation. She was dehydrated, tachycardiac, with a distended, tender abdomen and exaggerated bowel sounds. She had leucocytosis and an increased blood urea nitrogen level. Plain abdominal x-ray films showed dilated small bowel loops and pneumobilia. Ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) examinations confirmed the diagnosis of gallstone ileus. The obstruction was spontaneously relieved by passing the stone into the cecum.
Primary adrenal hydatid cyst: A case report
Authors: Sallami Sataa , Rhouma Sami , Horchani Ali
Published: July 2017

A 38 year old woman who presented with right flank pain of unclear aetiology. Imaging studies demonstrated a cystic mass in the right upper pole of the kidney causing the ureteropelvic junction obstruction with a with a significant proximal urinary tract dilatation. She underwent a careful excision of the cyst and the pathological examination confirmed a hydatid cyst (HC) of the right adrenal gland. We describe the radiological and perioperative findings of this rare case. We have also reviewed the recent medical literature of similar case reports.
Allergic fungal sinusitis presenting with hypopituitarism: A case report and literature review
Authors: Khalil Ali , Roberts Donald
Published: July 2017

Allergic fungal sinusitis is a form of noninvasive chronic sinusitis. In this report, we describe the successful treatment of a patient with allergic fungal sinusitis and hypopituitarism. A 41 year old female presented with history of nasal obstruction, anosmia, right periorbital headache, and amenorrhea. The diagnosis of allergic fungal sinusitis was made using nasal endoscopy, CT scan and MRI of head and paranasal sinuses. There was nearly complete obliteration of the paranasal ethmoid, maxillary, and sphenoid sinuses with erosion of the medial wall of the right orbit. In addition, there was displacement of the right globe and medial rectus, and effacement of the pituitary gland. The sphenoid sinus showed fluid containing free hyphae, but no fungal invasion of mucosa was noted. Pituitary assessment revealed anterior pituitary insufficiency. Bilateral endoscopic ethmoidectomy and transnasal and transseptal bilateral sphenoidotomy were performed. After three months of follow up on hormone replacement and antifungal therapy, the patient's headache, anosmia, and nasal obstruction were completely relieved, menses resumed, and the patient’s pituitary function had recovered.
In vivo schizonticidal activity of ethanolic leaf extract of gongronema latifolium on plasmodium berghei berghei in mice
Authors: Akuodor G , Idris-Usman Maryam , Ugwu Theresa , Akpan J , Ghasi S , Osunkwo U
Published: July 2017

In vivo schizonticidal activity of ethanolic leaf extract of Gongronema latifolium on blood-borne chloroquine- sensitive Plasmodium berghei berghei in mice was determined so as to scientifically justify the traditional use of the plant in south eastern Nigeria (tropical rain forest region) for local management of malaria fevers. The ethanolic leaf extract of Gongronema latifolium (200 - 800mg/kg) was administered orally to mice during early and established Plasmodium berghei berghei infections and its repository action in blood was also determined. The leaf extract at these doses caused 71-81% inhibition of parasitemia in the suppressive test, 59-73% parasitemia inhibition in the repository test and a mean survival time of 25-29 days in the curative test. These results show significant (P<0.05) antiplasmodial activity in the four-day suppressive test and in the curative test. These findings support the traditional use of the leaf extract of Gongronema latifolium for local treatment of malaria.
Antibiogram and plasmid profile of some multi-antibiotics resistant urinopathogens obtained from local communities of southeastern Nigeria
Authors: Esimone Charles , Nworu Chukwuemeka , Harrison Gugu
Published: July 2017

Multi-antibiotic resistant strains of bacteria represent a global medical challenge, having reduced or threatened to completely eliminate the list of reserved, last-resort agents usually deployed in serious and/or life-threatening infections. Even newer and very potent antibiotics are not spared from the emergence of resistant strains of organisms. In this study, the antibiotic resistance profile and the plasmid profile of some multi-antibiotic resistant bacteria strains isolated from the urine samples of fifty volunteers (ages 15-30) from a community in south eastern Nigeria were analyzed. Eight multidrug-resistant bacteria were isolated from the 50 urine samples, of which approximately 60% showed resistance to nitrofurantion, amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, ampicillin, gentamicin, ampiclox and erythromycin. The MIC of the isolated S. aureus, E. coli, and Klebsiella species to ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, pefloxacin, and co-trimoxazole were greater than 500 μg/ml. Plasmid profile studies revealed the presence of R-plasmids of size range 11-18 kb. The cultures of resistant isolates irreversibly lost their antibiotic resistance with acridine orange and SDS treatment, which suggests that the resistant genes could be harboured in the plasmids.