bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROPOLIS EXTRACT SORPTION AS A PULPCAPPING AGENT
Authors: Erlita Isyana , Rahmatillah Rahmatillah , Diana Sherli
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTBackground: This research is an experimental study to determine the physical properties of propolis extract as an alternative material in pulpcapping treatment. High sorption value is the main cause of pulpcapping treatment failure. Purpose: to analyze the sorption value of propolis extract in water and artificial saliva. Materials and Methods: Thirty disc-shaped zinc oxide propolis (15 mm x 1 mm) specimens were stored in the incubator at 37ºC for 24 hours. The discs were weighed, dehydrated, and weighed again. Immediately after weighing, the discs were immersed for 1 day, 3 days, and 7 days in 50 mL of distilled water and artificial saliva at 37ºC and then weighed for second time (sorption value). Data were analyzed by one way ANOVA for data processing in the water and artificial saliva immersion group, then the Independent T-Test for inter-group immersion in water with artificial saliva. Results: There were differences in the sorption value of zinc oxide propolis with ZnOE (positive control) in water and artificial saliva between immersion times of 1 day, 3 days, and 7 days. There was no difference in the sorption value of zinc oxide propolis between the water and the artificial saliva immersion group. Conclusion: The sorption value of propolis extract, both in water and artificial saliva immersion shows a high sorption value. This indicates that the propolis extract has not met the criteria as a pulpcapping material in terms of its physical properties, namely absorption of water (water sorption).Keywords: Propolis extract, Pulpcapping, Sorption
PREVALENCE OF HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS IN CANCEROUS AND PRE-CANCEROUS ORAL LESIONS USING SALIVA, SERUM, AND PLASMA ASSAY
Authors: Nainggolan Nelly , Hidayat Wahyu
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTIntroduction: As many as 90%-95% cases of oral cancer are oral squamous cell carcinoma. In South and Southeast Asia, the prevalence of oral cancer is high. Oral cancer is ranked sixth for the most frequent malignancies in Asia with nearly 274,300 new cases occurring every year. Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma is one of the main public health concerns with 1-2% incident of all cancers worldwide and is also the sixth most common malignant tumor. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a DNA virus which is also known as the cause of head and neck cancer. Among all malignancies, oral cancer is one of the conditions where salivary examination can be used to detect oral cancer because it contacts directly with the lesions. The relationship between human papilloma virus (HPV) and oral squamous cell carcinoma has been extensively studied and shows that HPV-16 & 18 can be detected in saliva, serum or plasma samples and patient biopsies. Purpose: This systematic review aims to reveal the presence of human papilloma virus in cancerous and pre-cancerous lesions of the oral cavity by examining saliva, serum or plasma. Methods: Systematic Review was carried out using the PRISMA method. Articles with clinical trial types sourced from electronic searches were obtained through the PubMed, Research Gate and Google Scholar portals using keywords: Human Papilloma Virus, Oral Cancer, and Saliva. Conclusion: Based on the results, it is concluded that HPV is detected in oral cavity cancers, oropharyngeal, oral squamous cell carcinoma and Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders.Keywords : Human Papilloma Virus, Oral cancer, Saliva
THE EFFECT OF AIR DRYING TIME ON BONDING (SELF ETCH) WITH ETHANOL AS A SOLVENT TO THE SHEAR BOND STRENGTH OF BIOACTIVE COMPOSITE RESIN
Authors: Rosalinda Devi , Puspitasari Dewi , Nahzi Muhammad Yanuar Ichrom
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTBackground: Surface resistance between composite resin and dentin is currently one of the problems of restorative materials. Failure ofcomposite resin are still being reported in clinical studies with failure rates ranging between 5-45% based on observations for 5-17 years. Bioactive composite resin is a new type of composite resin that has mechanical and chemical properties similiar to teeth. The use of resins, bonding materials, drying time of the solvent, and type of solvent also affect the shear bond strength Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of air drying time bonding (self-etch) with ethanol as a solvent on the shear bond strength of bioactive composite resins. Methods: This study used 32 non-carious maxillary premolar teeth that were fixed using acrylic resin. Fiber glass with a diameter of 3 mm and thickness of 3 mm were fixed to dentin surface and applied using bioactive composite resin were divided into 4 treatment group, i.e. the group without air drying, 20 s, 40 s, and 60 s. Shear bond strength test using Universal Testing Machine. Results: One Way Anova and Post Hoc Bonferroni test showed significant differences with p=0,002 (p<0,05). The average shear bond strength value of the lowest bioactive composite resin in the group bonding without air drying with a value of 6.381 ± 2.818 MPa and the highest shear bond strength value of the bioactive composite resin in the 60 seconds bonding air drying group with a value of 11.873 ± 2.931 MPa. Conclusion: The air drying time of the bonding affects the shear bond strength of the bioactive composite resin.Keywords: Air drying time, bioactive composite resin, bonding, ethanol, shear bond strength.
ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECTIVITY OF FLAVONOID FRACTION OF RAMANIA LEAF EXTRACT (Bouea macrophylla Griffith) AGAINST Porphyromonas gingivalis
Authors: Qomariyah Lailatul , Panjaitan Fransiska Uli Arta
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTBackground: Chronic periodontitis is a periodontal disease with 80% of all cases of periodontitis. The major causes are the accumulation of plaque and bacteria. The dominant bacteria in chronic periodontitis is Porphyromonas gingivalis. Treatment of chronic periodontitis can be done by scaling and root planing and supporting therapy by using mouthwash such as Chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2% which is the gold standard in the treatment of periodontal disease. Chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2% has disadvantages so that nowadays research on herbal plants is being done to find alternative medicines that are more effective. Ramania (Bouea machropylla Griffith) leaf contains flavonoids that have antibacterial properties. Objective: To analyze the antibacterial effectivity of the flavonoid fraction of Ramania leaf extract against Porphyromonas gingivalis that causes chronic periodontitis. Method: True experimental study and post-test with control group design consisting of 5 treatment groups, namely flavonoid fraction of ramania leaf extract with concentrations of 0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.5%, chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2% as a control positive and aquadest as a negative control. Each group was repeated 6 times. Antibacterial tests using the dilution method with inhibitory rates calculated using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer and killing rates were calculated using a Colony Counter. Results: The average difference in absorbance values obtained inhibitory rates at concentrations of 0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.5%. One Way Anova Test showed a significance value of 0,000 (p < 0.05). The average number of colonies after 24 hours incubation showed the results of a kill rates in the concentration group of 0.3%, 0.5%, and positive control. The Kruskal Wallis test showed a significance value of 0,000 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was obtained at a concentration of 0.1% and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was obtained at 0.3% concentration.Keywords: Flavonoid Fraction, MBC, MIC, Porphyromonas Gingivalis, Ramania Leaf Extract.
THE EFFECT OF RAMANIA LEAF (Bouea macrophylla Griff) EXTRACT GEL ON COLLAGEN FIBERS DENSITY IN INCISIONAL WOUND OF MALE WISTAR RATS
Authors: Rizkia Dinda , Taufiqurrahman Irham , Dewi Renie Kumala
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTBackground: Ramania leaf (Bouea macrophylla Griff) extract gel has secondary metabolites in the form of flavonoids, steroids, phenols and terpenoids which have a role as antioxidant. They will protect the body from excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by increasing endogenous antioxidants SOD, CAT and GPX, so that wound healing will not be inhibited and the process of collagen synthesis can run smoothly. Objective: To analyze the effect of ramania leaf extract gel that was applied topically with 5%, 10% and 15% concentration on collagen fibers density in incisional wound of male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) on the 7th and the 14th day. Method: This research is a pure experimental study with a posttest-only control group design, using 24 rats which were divided into 4 groups: the treatment groups given ramania leaf extract gel of 5%, 10%, 15%, and the control group given placebo gel. The application of the extract gel was done once within 24 hours. The collagen level was measured with a spectrophotometer on the 7th and the 14th day. Results: Two-Way ANOVA test results on the 7th and the 14th day of each group showed a significant difference with p=0.000 (p<0.05). The Bonferroni Post-hoc Test showed a significant difference with p<0.05 between the placebo gel group and the groups of ramania leaf extract gel of 5%, 10%, 15% on the 7th and the 14th day. Conclusion: There is an effect of ramania leaf extract gel on collagen fibers density with the most effective concentration of 15%.Keywords: Antioxidant, , Collagen, Ramania Leaf Extract Gel
PREPARATION FOR PALATOPLASTY SURGERY WITH AN ACRYLIC FEEDING OBTURATOR: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Wardaningrum Christine Anita , Wahyuningtyas Endang , Ismiyati Titik , Barunawati Sri Budi
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTBackground: Clefts on the lips and palate are common cases to be found frequently in the field of dentistry. This gap connects the oral cavity and the nasal cavity so that it interferes with the nutritional intake in patients. The age and size of the oral cavity in patients become particular challenges for prosthetic rehabilitation. Another challenge lies at the impression procedure, because it is an essential part in the making of obturator. Objective: To provide information on the management of patient with cleft palate using feeding obturator from acrylic material. Case: A 13-months-old male patient arrived at Prof. Soedomo Gadjah Mada University Dental Hospital with his parents and was seeking for prosthetic therapy to cover the cleft on his palate because it had been muddling with food and beverage intake. Patient had undergone cheiloplasty surgery and further arranged for palatoplasty procedure. Intraoral examination exhibited a cleft extended from hard palate, soft palate, and uvula. Case management: Upper jaw impression was performed for individual tray fabrication, followed by impression procedure in an upright straight position until the patient bawled. The impression result was casted to construct an obturator using acrylic heat cure material. Fitting surface was covered with soft liner. Treatment result showed that the obturator was retentive, stable and able to assist the nutritional intake in patient. Conclusion: Acrylic feeding obturator can recover the condition in patient with cleft palate and improve nutritional intake as well as body weight to prepare patient for palatoplasty surgery.Keywords: Cleft Palate, Feeding Plate, Obturator
Dampak Pelaksanaan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) Terhadap Konsentrasi PM10 di Pekanbaru
Authors:   BMKG-Stasiun Klimatologi Manokwari Selatan Indonesia, rakhim rosita
Published: May 2021

Dampak Pelaksanaan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) Terhadap Konsentrasi PM10 di Pekanbaru. Salah satu faktor penurunan kualitas udara dapat disebabkan oleh aktivitas manusia. Penetapan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) karena pandemi Covid-19 mengakibatkan penurunan aktivitas masyarakat diluar ruangan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membandingkan kondisi kualitas udara di Pekanbaru sebelum dan saat diterapkan PSBB. Data yang digunakan adalah data konsentrasi PM10 hasil pengukuran PM10 Analyzer, BAM1020. Statistik deskriptif dan uji Mann-Whitney U test sebagai uji non-parametrik untuk menentukan perubahan signifikansi dari PM10 sebelum dan saat PSSB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebelum dan saat PSBB, konsentrasi PM10 di Pekanbaru berada dalam kategori baik (0-50 µg/m3). Berdasarkan distribusi frekuensi kondisi sebelum PSBB, konsentrasi PM10 lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan saat kondisi PSBB. Kemudian berdasarkan polar plot sebaran konsentrasi PM10 bervariasi dengan konsentrasi terbesar sebelum PSBB yaitu antara 12-14 µg/m3 pada arah Barat Laut, sedangkan untuk kondisi saat PSBB konsentrasi terbesar antara 9-10 µg/m3 pada arah Timur Laut. Berdasarkan rata-rata periode waktu per jam dan harian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi PM10 cenderung lebih tinggi saat malam hari dibandingkan siang hari dan konsentrasi PM10 tertinggi terjadi pada hari Selasa dan terendah pada hari Minggu. Hasil Uji Mann-Whitney menunjukkan ada perubahan yang signifikan dalam konsentrasi PM10 sebelum dan saat PSBB di Pekanbaru.
A Comprehensive Evolutionary Theory Deduced from Thermodynamics
Authors: Chen Ji-Ming
Published: May 2021

The current evolutionary theories have remained incomplete, controversial, and stagnant for multiple decades. To solve this issue, we create the concept of carbon-based entities (CBEs) which include methane, amino acids, proteins, organisms, and other entities containing carbon atoms. We deduce from thermodynamics the driving force, the progressive mechanisms, and the major steps of evolution of CBEs, and hence establish a comprehensive evolutionary theory termed the CBE evolutionary theory (CBEET). The CBEET demonstrates that evolution is driven hierarchy-wise by thermodynamics and favors fitness and diversity. It provides novel explanations for origin of life (abiogenesis), macroevolution, natural selection, sympatric speciation, evolution tempos, animal group evolution, and human society development in a comprehensive and comprehensible way. It elucidates that collaboration, altruism, obeying rules with properly increased freedom are important throughout evolution of CBEs. It refutes thoroughly the wrong notion that negative entropy (negentropy) leads to biological order which is distinct from thermodynamic order. It integrates with research advances in multiple disciplines and bridges laws of physics, evolution in biology, and harmonious development of human society.
A New Iterative Scheme for Approximation of Fixed Points of Suzuki's Generalized Nonexpansive Mappings
Authors: Rawat Shivam , Dimri Ramesh Chandra , Bartwal Ayush
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we introduce a new iteration scheme, named as the S**-iteration scheme, for approximation of fixed point of the nonexpansive mappings. This scheme is faster than Picard, Mann, Ishikawa, Noor, Agarwal, Abbas, Thakur, and Ullah iteration schemes. We show the stability of our instigated scheme and give a numerical example to vindicate our claim. We also put forward some weak and strong convergence theorems for Suzuki's generalized nonexpansive mappings in the setting of uniformly convex Banach spaces. Our results comprehend, improve, and consolidate many results in the existing literature.
One Week Feeding of CDAHFD Induces Steatohepatitis and Mitochondrial Dysfunction with Oxidative Stress in Liver
Authors: Sugasawa Takehito , Ono Seiko , Yonanine Masato , Fujita Shin-ichiro , Matsumoto Yuki , Aoki Kai , Nakano Takuro , Tami Shinsuke , Yoshida Yasuko , Kawakami Yasushi , Takekoshi Kazuhiro
Published: May 2021

The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been rapidly increasing worldwide. A choline-deficient L-amino acid-defined high fat diet (CDHFD) has been used to create a mouse model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). There are some reports about the effects on mice of being fed CDAHFD for a long time, 1 to 3 months. However, the effect of this diet over a short period has been unknown. Therefore, we examined the effect of one week of feeding CDAHFD on the mouse liver. Feeding this diet for only one week induced lipid droplet deposition in the liver with increasing activity of liver-derived enzymes in the plasma. On the other hand, it did not induce fibrosis and cirrhosis. Additionally, it was demonstrated that mitochondrial respiration is significantly impaired with severe oxidative stress in the liver by CDAHFD, associated with a decreasing mitochondrial DNA copy number and complexes-proteins. In the gene expression analysis of the liver, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers were significantly increased by CDAHFD. These results demonstrated that one week of feeding CDAHFD to mice induces steatohepatitis with mitochondrial dysfunction and severe oxidative stress, without fibrosis, which can partially mimic the early stage of the NASH in humans.
Weight Estimation of Marine Propulsion and Power Generation Machinery
Authors: Dev Arun Kr , Saha Makaraksha
Published: May 2021

During the conceptual and preliminary design stage of a ship, designers need to ensure that the selected principal dimensions and parameters are good enough to deliver a stable ship (statically and dynamically) besides deadweight and speed. To support this, the initial intact stability of the proposed ship is required to be calculated, and in doing so, the lightship weight and its detailed breakdown are necessary to be known. After hull steel weight, machinery weight, mainly, marine propulsion and power generation machinery, play a vital role in the lightship weight estimate of a ship due to its robustness. The correct estimation of respective weights improves the accuracy of calculating a ship's initial stability typically to be designed and built. Hence, it would be advantageous for the designer to convince the ship owner. A total of 3006 marine propulsion (main marine diesel) engines and 348 power generation (auxiliary marine diesel) engines/generators of various power output (generators output for auxiliary engines), engine RPM and cylinder number of different engine makers are collected. These are analyzed and presented in both tabular and graphical forms to demonstrate the possible relationship between marine propulsion engine weight and power generation engine weight, and their respective power output, RPM, cylinder number, power-RPM ratio and power-RPM ratio per cylinder.In this article, the authors have attempted to investigate the behavior of marine propulsion engine weight and power generation engine/generator weight regarding engine power output, generator power output, engine RPM and cylinder number (independent variables). Further attempts have been made to identify those independent variables that influence the weight of the marine propulsion engine and power generation engine/generator (dependent variables), and their interrelationships. A mathematical model has thus been developed and proposed, as a guiding tool, for the designer to estimate the weight of main and auxiliary engines more accurately during the conceptual and preliminary design stage.
Industry 4.0 Maturity Model Assessing Environmental Attributes of Manufacturing Company
Authors: Michal Zoubek , Peter Poor , Tomas Broum , Basl Josef , Michal Simon
Published: May 2021

The primary purpose of this article is to present a maturity model dealing with environmental manufacturing processes in a company. First, a theoretical approach is presented where evolution from the first industrial revolution to the present (Industry 4.0.) is outlined with a need to implement environmental initiatives. Chapter two contains a detailed literature review, which resulted in the creation of our own maturity model presented in the next chapter. According to some authors, Industry 4.0 is based on characteristics that have already been the focus of “lean and green” concepts. The practical part of the article is a case study that shows which areas of the manufacturing process have “environmental” potential. The goal was to move from resource consumption, pollutant emissions and more extensive manufacturing towards environmentally responsible manufacturing (ERM). Using environmental materials and methods reduces energy consumption, which generates cost savings and higher profits. Here, VSM (Value Stream Mapping) was applied to identify core processes with environmental potential. The final part of the article summarizes the work and presents future possibilities. This paper provides an understanding of the role of environmental manufacturing in the era of the 4th industrial revolution.
Archipelago Insights as Efforts to Establish National Geostrategic Resilience: A Literature Review
Authors: Avi Khansa , Dewi Hemas , Pandin Moses
Published: May 2021

Background: Indonesia is one of the multicultural countries in the world. The diversity that exists in Indonesia is reflected in differences in race, ethnicity, culture, and religion. It is not surprising that Indonesia will face the threat of national disintegration due to differences. Therefore, Indonesia needs a concept in fostering diversity to create national resilience. Purpose: This study aims to explore how the role of archipelago insights in shaping national geostrategy resilience. Method: The method used in this research is literature review. The search for journals was carried out using the google scholar database with the keywords "archipelago insight" and "geostrategy" and "national resilience". Feasibility studies are assessed based on title, abstract, full text, and research methodology. Data analysis using narrative analysis based on research findings. Result: insight into the archipelago can be used as a basis in shaping a national geostrategy. The perspective in the concept of archipelago insight by fostering the diversity in Indonesia can create unity and integrity to form national geostrategic resilience. Conclusion: The concepts that exist in the archipelago perspective and national geostrategy can foster the diversity that exists in Indonesia. The creation of existing unity and integrity, understanding the perception of seeing differences, is not a threat to realizing national resilience in the Indonesian nation.
Oscillatory Reversible Osmotic Growth of Sessile Saline Droplets on the Floating Polydimethylsiloxane Membrane
Authors: Roy Pritam Kumar , Shoval Shraga , Dombrovsky Leonid A. , Bormashenko Edward
Published: May 2021

We report cyclic growth/retraction phenomena observed for saline droplets placed on the cured PDMS membrane with the thickness of 7.8±0.1 µm floating on pure water surface. Osmotic mass transport across the micro-scaled floating PDMS membrane provided the growth of the sessile saline droplets followed by evaporation of the saline droplets. The observed growth/retraction cycle was reversible. The model of the osmotic mass transfer across the cured PDMS membrane is suggested. The model explains semi-quantitatively the time evolution of a droplet.
Non-Commutative Key Exchange Protocol
Authors: Lizama-Pérez Luis Adrián , Romero José Mauricio López
Published: May 2021

We introduce a novel key exchange protocol based on non-commutative matrix multiplication defined in $\mathbb{Z}_p^{n \times n}$. The security of our method does not rely on computational problems as integer factorization or discrete logarithm whose difficulty is conjectured. We claim that the unique eavesdropper's opportunity to get the secret/private key is by means of an exhaustive search which is equivalent to the unsorted database search problem. Furthermore, we show that the secret/private keys become indistinguishable to the eavesdropper. Remarkably, to achieve a 512-bit security level, the keys (public/private) are of the same size when matrix multiplication is done over a reduced 8-bit size modulo. Also, we discuss how to achieve key certification and Perfect Forward Secrecy (PFS). Therefore, Lizama's algorithm becomes a promising candidate to establish shared keys and secret communication between (IoT) devices in the quantum era.
Effect of Using Multi-Year LULC and Monthly LAI Inputs on the Calibration of a Distributed Hydrologic Model
Authors: Busari Ibrahim Olayode , Demirel Mehmet Cüneyd , Newton Alice
Published: May 2021

This study explores the use of satellite-based LULC (Land Use / Land Cover) data while simultaneously correcting potential evapotranspiration (PET) input with Leaf Area Index (LAI) to increase the performance of a physically distributed hydrologic model. The mesoscale hydrologic model (mHM) was selected for this purpose due to its unique features. Since LAI input informs the model about vegetation dynamics, we incorporated the LAI based PET correction option together with multi-year LULC data. The Globcover land cover data was selected for the single land cover cases, and hybrid of CORINE (coordination of information on the environment) and MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) land cover datasets were chosen for the cases with multiple land cover datasets. These two datasets complement each other since MODIS has no separate forest class but more frequent (yearly) observations than CORINE. Calibration period spans from 1990 to 2006 and corresponding NSE (Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency) values varies between 0.23 and 0.42, while the validation period spans from 2007 to 2010 and corresponding NSE values are between 0.13 and 0.39. The results revealed that the best performance is obtained when multiple land cover datasets are provided to the model and LAI data is used to correct PET, instead of default aspect-based PET correction in mHM. This study suggests that to minimize errors due to parameter uncertainties in physically distributed hydrologic models, adequate information can be supplied to the model with care taken to avoid over-parameterizing the model.
Detection of Fecal SARS-CoV-2 RNA in a Prospective Cohort of Children with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C)
Authors: Parodi Emilia , Carpino Andrea , Franchitti Elena , Pruccoli Giulia , Denina Marco , Pagliero Federica , Ramenghi Ugo , Traversi Deborah
Published: May 2021

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome related to SARS-CoV-2 infection (MIS-C) is a rare severe illness affecting pediatric patients. No data are available in literature about the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in faeces in patients with MIS-C. The SARS-CoV-2 positivity was evaluated in fecal samples obtained in a prospective cohort of pediatric patients admitted to our tertiary Hos-pital and diagnosed with MIS-C or COVID-19 between April 15, 2020, and February 29, 2021. The real-time RT-PCR was performed using a validated kit. The assay measures 3 target genes: SARS-CoV-2 gene E, gene N, gene ORF1ab. Overall, 16/63 (25%) fecal samples revealed the pres-ence of SARS -CoV-2 RNA. No differences were detected about time from presumptive viral ex-posure and the time of stool collection (14 vs 8 days, p> 0,05) as well as about the presence of gas-trointestinal symptoms (p>0.05) between patients with positive (+) stools for SARS-CoV-2 RNA and patients tested negative (-). Among children with MIS-C, stools were collected 27.5 days as median (95% CI 14-34) after presumed contact and the positivity rate was 12.5% (4/32). According to our data, we could suggest contact precautions with all patients with MIS-C. Further sample collection is ongoing to verify our preliminary data.
Comparative Study of Computational Models for Reducing Air Pollution Through the Generation of Negative Ions
Authors: Ortiz-Grisales Paola , Patiño-Murillo Julián , Duque-Grisales Eduardo
Published: May 2021

Today, air quality is one of the global concerns that governments are facing. One of the main air pollutants is the particulate matter (PM) that affects human health. This article presents the modeling of a purification system by means of negative air ions (NAIs) for air pollutant removal, using computational intelligence methods. The system uses a high voltage booster output to ionize air molecules from stainless steel electrodes; its particle-capturing efficiency reaches up to 97%. With two devices (5 x 2 x 2.5 cm), 2 trillion negative ions are produced per second, and the particulate matter (PM 2.5) can be reduced from 999 to 0 mg / m3 in a period of approximately 5 to 7 minutes (in a 40 x 40 x 40 cm acrylic chamber). This negative ion generator is a viable and sustainable alternative to reduce polluting emissions, with beneficial effects on human health.
Temporal Change in Relationships Between Urban Structure and Surface Temperature
Authors: Stewart Justin , Kremer Peleg
Published: May 2021

Surface temperature influences human health directly and alters the biodiversity and productivity of the environment. While previous research has identified that the composition of urban landscapes influences the physical properties of the environment such as surface temperature, a generalizable and flexible framework is needed that can be used to compare cities across time and space. This study employs the Structure of Urban Landscapes (STURLA) classification combined with remote sensing of New York City’s (NYC) surface temperature. These are then linked using machine learning and statistical modeling to identify how greenspace and the built environment influence urban surface temperature. It was observed that areas with urban units composed of largely the built environment hosted the hottest temperatures while those with vegetation and water were coolest. Likewise, this is reinforced by borough-level spatial differences in both urban structure and heat. Comparison of these relationships over the period between2008 and 2017 identified changes in surface temperature that are likely due to the changes in prevalence in water, lowrise buildings, and pavement across the city. This research reinforces how human alteration of the environment changes ecosystem function and offers units of analysis that can be used for research and urban planning.
The Mucosal Barrier and Anti-Viral Immune Responses can Eliminate Portions of the Viral Population during Transmission and Early Viral Growth
Authors: Golfinos Athena E. , Gellerup Dane D. , Schweigert Hannah , Mathiaparanam Jaffna , Balgeman Alexis J. , Weiler Andrea M. , Friedrich Thomas C. , Keele Brandon F. , Davenport Miles P. , Venturi Vanessa , O'Connor Shelby L.
Published: May 2021

Little is known about how individual virus lineages replicating during acute Human Immunodeficiency Virus or Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV/SIV) infection persist into chronic infection. In this study, we use molecularly barcoded SIV (SIVmac239M) to track distinct viral lineages for 12 weeks after intravenous and intrarectal challenge in macaques. Two Mafa-A1*063+ cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) were challenged intravenously (IV), and two Mamu-A1*001+ rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) were challenged intrarectally (IR) with 200,000 Infectious Units (IU) of SIVmac239M. We deep sequenced the molecular barcode from all animals over 12 weeks to characterize the diversity and persistence of virus lineages, as well as the sequences of T cell epitopes during acute SIV infection. During the first three weeks post-infection, we found ~175-950 times more unique virus lineages circulating in the animals challenged intravenously than those challenged intrarectally, suggesting that challenge route is the primary driver restricting the transmission of individual viral lineages. Additionally, the emergence of escape variants can occur on multiple virus templates simultaneously, but elimination of some templates is likely a consequence of additional host factors. These data imply that virus lineages present during acute infection can be eliminated from the virus population even after initial T cell selection.
3D Printing Part 1 - A History and Literature Review Of 3D Printing in Dentistry
Authors: Nulty Adam Brian
Published: May 2021

Introduction: The term 3D printing is commonly used to depict an assembling method whereby the final form of an object is the result of the addition of different layers to build the frame of an object. This procedure is more accurately portrayed as additive manufacturing and is likewise alluded to as fast prototyping. The term 3D printing, in any case, is generally new and has been an active part of current developments in Dentistry. Much publicity encompasses the evolution of 3D printing, which is hailed as an innovation that will perpetually change CAM manufacturing, including in the dental sector. This review is the first part in a 3D Printing series that looks at the history of 3D Printing, the technologies available and reviews the literature relating to the accuracy of these technologies. Conclusions: The recent advancement in digital dentistry to incorporate these tools has modernised dental practices by paving the way for computer-aided design (CAD) technology and rapid prototyping. The use of 3D printing has led to 3D digital models produced with intraoral scanners (IOS), which can be manipulated easily for diagnosis, treatment planning, mockups, and a multitude of other uses. Combining 3D Printing with a 3D intraoral scan eliminates the need for physical storage but makes it to retrieve a 3D models for use within all dental modalities.
A compilation on the application dimension of creative drama and bibliotherapy method in education
Authors: Başarı Şengül , Ayhan Seçil Besim
Published: May 2021

Creative drama and bibliotherapy are among the most frequently mentioned methods in the field of education recently. The applicability of Creative Drama as a method in many areas is revealed by different studies, and bibliotherapy is becoming widespread as an effective method, especially in the fields of Guidance and Psychological Counseling, Psychology and Psychiatry. From this point of view, the objective of this study is to synthesize and display the importance and field of application of these two methods through different studies and to contribute to the formation of a perspective as regards the usage of these methods by educators. For this purpose, a review was prepared by examining the studies on creative drama and bibliotherapy. Descriptive survey method was used in the research. National and international literature was surveyed and the articles obtained as a result of the research were evaluated and interpreted in general.
Model Pembelajaran Studysaster Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Imunitas pada Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Widyasari Erna
Published: May 2021

Model Pembelajaran Studysaster Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Imunitas pada Pandemi Covid-19
Pemanfaatan Aplikasi Web Sebagai Salah Satu Solusi Media Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Suyatna Eri Teguh Kurniawan
Published: May 2021

Pemanfaatan Aplikasi Web Sebagai Salah Satu Solusi Media  Pembelajaran  Jarak Jauh Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Kantin Sekolah Pencetak Karakter
Authors: Kamalin Lina
Published: May 2021

Kantin Sekolah Pencetak Karakter
Inovasi Pembelajaran Kelas Inklusi di SD Negeri 003 Loa Kulu untuk Membentuk Adaptasi Perilaku Sosial Peserta Didik Berkebutuhan Khusus
Authors: Suwarni Suwarni
Published: May 2021

Inovasi Pembelajaran Kelas Inklusi di SD Negeri 003 Loa Kulu untuk Membentuk Adaptasi Perilaku Sosial Peserta Didik Berkebutuhan Khusus
Characteristics and Learning Models of the 21st Century
Authors: Wulandari Riska
Published: May 2021

21st-century learning is oriented toward student-centered learning. 21st-century learning is learning that provides 21st-century skills to students, known as 4Cs which includes Critical thinking and problem-solving skills, Communication, Collaboration, and Creativity and innovation. This has become an important issue that needs to be considered, studied, and developed by teachers in learning activities as an effort to face the challenges and demands of 21st-century learning. Characteristics of 21st-century learning need to be recognized and the learning models applied in the learning process needs to lead to the demands of 21st-century learning. This article aims to provide insight into the characteristics and learning models of the 21st century. Data collection was carried out using the literature study method, which examining various relevant references. The characteristics of 21st-century learning are integrative, holistic, scientific, contextual, thematic, effective, collaborative, and student-centered. Meanwhile, 21st-century learning models include Discovery Learning, Cooperative Learning, Collaborative Learning, Contextual Learning, Problem Based Learning, and Project-Based Learning.
History and Types of Education in Indonesia and Its Impact on Economic Growth
Authors: Ninghardjanti Patni , Murtini Wiedy , Hindrayani Aniek , Sangka Khresna Bayu
Published: May 2021

The Nawacita program framework, the Government of Indonesia is trying to improve the quality and equity of the national education system by increasing the education sector national budget to 500 trillion rupiah, and appointing the Chief Executive Officers (CEO) of the Gojek Internet Start-up company, in order to boost up the program outcome by using Information Technology (IT) as the main gap bridge in the education sectors. The unequal access to the education level in the formal, informal and non-formal education clusters is emphasizes if the education sectors problems is complex as the development problem. The government trying to tackling that problem by developing the suitable curriculum, and maximization of the use of IT in the education sectors to improve the quality and equity for the education. In this research, the correlation between the rapid development of education sectors and the impact to the national economy is analyzed by using the Solow models which said if the investment of human capital, including to the education sectors is one of the main bridge to achieve the status as advanced nation. This research is concluded if the formal education sector have direct and significant impact to the economic sector, then the informal and non-formal educations sectors act as supporting unit in order to achieve the quality and equity, in order to improve the education access.
Effect of Online Business Learning, Parental, and Locus of Control on Online Entrepreneurship Interest in Vocational High School Students
Authors: Ridwan Firda Aprian , Baedhowi Baedhowi , Noviani Leny
Published: May 2021

This study aims to analyze the effect of online business learning, parental, and locus of control on online entrepreneurial interest in students of SMK Negeri 1 Karanganyar in the 2019/2020 academic year. The data analysis method used is descriptive quantitative, with primary and secondary data sources in the form of questionnaires and documentation. The population in this study were all students of class XI and XII on the competency of online business and marketing skills (BDP) with a sample of 105 students using the stratified proportion-tel random sampling technique. The results showed that there was a positive and significant influence between online business learning, parental, and locus of control on the interest in entrepreneurship simultaneously, with an F value of 43.529 and an R2 value of 56.4% with an effective contribution between online business learning (X1) 23 , 6%, parental (X2) 19% and locus of control (X3) 13.8%.
Peranan Nilai-Nilai Luhur Pancasila Dan Kearifan Lokal Dalam Penanggulangan Bencana Di Indonesia
Authors: Muryani Chatarina
Published: May 2021

Peranan Nilai-Nilai Luhur Pancasila Dan Kearifan Lokal Dalam Penanggulangan Bencana Di Indonesia
Nilai-Nilai Pancasila dalam Perspektif Sosial- Budaya
Authors: Purwasito Andrik
Published: May 2021

Nilai-Nilai Pancasila dalam Perspektif Sosial- Budaya
Exploration of Pancasila Value in The Traditional Games of Gala-Gala as Strengthening Young Generation Characters
Authors: Putri Kusuma , Putra I Putu Adi Permana
Published: May 2021

Pancasila as a basis and ideology of the nation has demonstrated its role in leading citizens' attitudes life in filling every process of life. Pancasila became a guide to the life of a nation projected through its people's attitudes always have some noble value as a starting capital in building civilization. Strengthening the value of the nation's younger generation of character is valued highly, using mainly indigenous knowledge (non-western knowledge) based on local wisdom to build a paradigm of thought and attitude. One form of Nusantara's local wisdom that contributes to ideas in affirmation the character of the nation is through game. The gala-gala as traditional Balinese game has demonstrated its role in giving life learning about the values of life that have relevance to strengthening character for the nation's younger generation. The study examined the exploration of Pancasila values in traditional gala-gala folk games as an effort to strengthen the character of Indonesia's younger generation. The method used in this study is descriptive analysis, which means in both descriptive and analysis of the theme under discussion. The result this study is concept of reinforce the character of the younger generation based on Pancasila values in gala-gala traditional game.
Tolerance in A Plural Society: Revealing The Humility of The Sampetan Village Community
Authors: Bargawa Waterman Sulistyana , Wibowo Eko Kurniawan , Aditya Muhammad Tri
Published: May 2021

The diversity of race, religion, ethnicity, art and culture in a nation is a potential for intolerance in the form of conflicts with nuances of diversity. In fact, diversity creates the value of local wisdom in the sense of diversity. The motto puts tolerance in a strategic domain. Incomplete understanding of religion and radical attitudes that are developing globally make tolerance difficult to materialize. Various studies on the development of a tolerance model have been carried out, but this model is only based on religious, educational, and cultural perspectives. Philosopische grondslag in this study is used to expose community harmony to solve problems of intolerance and radicalism. This study used a qualitative approach, beginning with collecting information from literature studies, collecting data using observation techniques, interviews, as well as documentation, reduction, presentation, and drawing conclusions or data verification. The objectives of this study are (a) to examine the praxis of tolerance based on the philosopische grondslag that has been applied in society, (b) to develop a tolerance model to prevent intolerance and religious deradicalization based on practice to increase peace in society. The results of the study found the values of the Pancasila philosopische grondslag as a habit adopted by a pluralistic society. The case study of the implementation of philosopische grondslag in Sampetan village Boyolali is manifested in the spirit of tolerance and working together to avoid anarchism and radicalism. All of these aspects are the basis for increasing order in society in general.
Re-exploration of Pancasila as An Improvement in The Quality of Moral Education for The Indonesian Nation
Authors: Mabruroh Ulfiani
Published: May 2021

This think about point to depict the planting of the center values of Pancasila-based character instruction to shape understudies as youthful individuals who are great, shrewdly, and adore the homeland. This inquire about is included in library inquire about, so the information source utilized is library information, both within the shape of diaries, book and magazines. In this case there are two types of information source utilized, to be specific essential information sources and auxiliary information sources. Essential information sources are information sources that are straightforwardly related to the subject. Whereas secondary information sources are information sources supporting subjects determined from different considers. The comes about of the examination appear that the teaching of the center values of Pancasila-based character instruction to understudies in schools is exceptionally critical to carry out, since it contains the values of devout character, social care, autonomy, national soul, popular governmet, resilience, and teach. The teaching of the center values of Pancasila based character instruction for understudies in schools is done through the educating and learning process.
The Value of Pancasila as a Filter on Foreign Culture in the Era of the Information Technology (IT) Development Social Media
Authors: Wijanarko Anggit Wahyu
Published: May 2021

This research is motivated by the increasingly advanced technological developments, especially in terms of the use of social media. Social media in the era of advances in information technology allows us to more freely relate to people in various parts of the world. This can have both positive and negative impacts. One thing that needs to be addressed is the easier it is for foreign cultures to enter through social media which can affect national identity. Therefore, Pancasila as the nation's view of life means that Pancasila is the guideline for every behavior of the Indonesian nation. The values contained in Pancasila should be able to become a filter against incoming foreign cultures due to the easier access to social media in the current era of technological advancement. The formulation and purpose of this research is to provide a descriptive analysis of the application of Pancasila values as a filter against foreign cultures in the era of advances in social media information technology. The method used in this research is qualitative with a descriptive analysis approach. The data analysis technique used is content analysis. The benefits of this research are; 1) this research can be used as a reference for further similar studies, 2) this research can be used as an illustration of the application of Pancasila values in the filtering of foreign cultures in the era of advancing social media technology.
Pancasila Education Policy in Government Regulation Number 57 of 2021 concerning National Education Standards
Authors: Bramastia Bramastia , Sadjiarto Arief
Published: May 2021

The Pancasila education policy in Government Regulation Number 57 of 2021 concerning National Education Standards (SNP) must be revised. Pancasila must be a mandatory content in the Indonesian education system. Pancasila education in Indonesia in the reform era through the revision of Government Regulation Number 57 of 2021 concerning SNP cannot be separated from the national politics behind it.Educational reform through the revision of Government Regulation Number 57 of 2021 concerning SNP, in turn brings changes to the paradigmatic aspects of the study and learning of Pancasila education in Indonesia from the aspect of national education standardization. The objective of the Merdeka Belajar program is the profile of Pancasila students as an educational transformation. The introduction of Pancasila in the understanding and application of Pancasila is the main pillar of the transformation of Indonesian education which does not depend on a change of regime in power.
Table of Contents SHEs: Conference Series
Authors: SHEs: Conference Series Table of Contents
Published: May 2021

Table of Contents SHEs: Conference Series
A Review of Multidimensional Studies on the Causes for Classroom Reticent
Authors: Gao Lifen
Published: May 2021

This study explores the causes for classroom reticent from four aspects: students, teachers, classroom environment and culture. It is found that: (1) student factors are the primary factors for learners to choose silence or participation; (2) Teachers are the key factors that affect students’ participation or retention in class; (3) Classroom environment is a potential active factor that affects students’ participation or silence in class; (4) Cultural value orientation has a profound impact on students’ classroom participation or silence. It is concluded that long or short reticent in class is closely related to the teachers’ teaching guidance style, teaching questioning strategies and teaching methods, as well as students’ language ability. At the same time, it is also closely related to the value judgment and orientation of “saving face”, “respecting teachers”, exam-oriented culture and “silence” behavior and habits in traditional culture.