bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metaheurísticas Aplicadas à Detecção, Localização e Classificação de Tumores Mamários Compostos por Múltiplos Focos via Termografia
Authors: Rocha Jan Pierre A. S. , Bernardino Heder S. , Barbosa Helio J. C. , Loureiro Felipe S.
Published: June 2024

O câncer de mama é o neoplasma mais comum que afeta as mulheres, e recentemente, técnicas auxiliares de detecção e monitoramento foram propostas, destacando-se a termografia devido ao seu baixo custo. Este estudo tem como objetivo comparar três metaheurísticas para a detecção, localização e classificação de tumores de mama com múltiplos focos por meio de uma análise inversa utilizando a temperatura da superfície da pele, simulada por um modelo 2D não linear da equação de Pennes. O método proposto obteve sucesso em distinguir entre mamas com e sem tumor, além disso, também classifica o foco primário, considerando a influência da temperatura externa.
Uma Revisão Sistemática das Técnicas de Justiça Algorítmica para Diagnóstico Radiológico: Avanços, Desafios e Perspectivas Futuras
Authors: Lima Lucas Freire de , Lima Luiz Fernando F. P. de , Riquelme Maristela de Freitas , Ricarte Danielle Rousy Dias
Published: June 2024

A justiça algorítmica tem ganhado recente destaque na área de diagnóstico de radiografias, onde algoritmos de inteligência artificial (IA) são aplicados para auxiliar médicos na interpretação e diagnóstico de imagens médicas. Esta revisão sistemática da literatura aborda o estado atual da pesquisa em justiça algorítmica nesse contexto, investigando quais as técnicas em ascensão associadas ao uso de algoritmos de IA para diagnóstico radiológico.
Smart Wearables as Silent Witnesses: Privacy Concerns versus Possible Legal Advantages
Authors: Schleef Melina , Gless Sabine , Stummer Christian
Published: June 2024

Many smart wearables can collect personal movement data and use these data to provide personalized services. However, data storage may cause privacy concerns among consumers. Thus, when deciding whether to equip their products with such an ability or refrain from doing so, managers must consider potential backfire due to the possibly strong opinions of customers regarding their privacy. While prior studies have shown that benefits of smart products that can be experienced on a regular basis (e.g., more convenience in accomplishing daily routines) can outweigh data privacy concerns, we investigate whether this is also true for a feature of a smart wearable that is of use only in a rare event (or even never). The respective application case is a smart wearable serving as a silent witness that might play a role when being in need of a proof of exoneration (e.g., that its wearer has not been present at a certain crime scene at the time of an alleged offense). Furthermore, we study the difference between customers being directly affected (as the wearer of a smart wristband) or indirectly affected (as the owner of a dog with a smart dog collar).
Therapeutic Effects of CT-guided Microwave Ablation Combined with Cementoplasty in the Treatment of Bone Metastasis
Authors: Hao Bin , Ma Jian , Wan Ningjun , Xu Shaowei , Wang Zhen
Published: June 2024

Background: The incidence of malignant tumors causing bone metastasis was increasing. Therefore, it was urgent to treat patients with bone metastasis. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the role of computed tomography (CT)-guided microwave ablation combined with cementoplasty in the treatment of patients with bone metastasis. Patients and Methods: A total of 20 patients with bone metastasis who were treated with CT-guided microwave ablation combined with cementoplasty were included in this study, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The follow-up data of all patients were collected, and no patients were lost to follow-up during this period. The Quality of Life Questionnaire-Bone Metastases Module 22 (QLQ-BM22), the EuroQOL Five-Dimension Questionnaire (EQ-5D), and the Quality-Adjusted Life Year (QALY) measure were used to assess the treatment effects. Results: Based on the results, 37 operations performed on 20 patients were successful. Minor complications were observed in seven cases. There were significant differences in the QLQ-BM22 scores when comparing the pre-treatment and post-treatment results (P < 0.05). Moreover, the pre-treatment and post-treatment QALY scores exhibited significant differences (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the pre-treatment and post-treatment EQ-5D scores (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The combination of CT-guided microwave ablation with cementoplasty was proven to be an effective approach in extending the survival time and enhancing the quality of life in patients with bone metastasis.
Can Cardiac Indices in Computed Tomography (CT) Scan Predict COVID-19 Clinical Outcome?
Authors: Livani Somayeh , Samimi Mojtaba , Hooshmand Farnaz , Mohajer Tabrizi Mohammad
Published: June 2024

Background: Assessing the measurable chest computed tomography (CT) scan cardiac parameters can help us evaluate cardiovascular involvement and risk stratification in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Objectives: This study investigated the measurable chest cardiac CT indices and their association with predicting outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Patients and Methods: Patients with confirmed COVID-19 were included in the study from March up to June 2020 and underwent chest CT scans on admission. The following parameters were analyzed: The extent and pattern of lung involvement, cardiothoracic ratio (CTR), pulmonary artery to aorta ratio (PA/A), pericardial effusion, pleural effusion, and inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter through low-dose CT scan. The association between cardiac indices and patients and the extent of lung involvement outcome was evaluated by logistic regression, Cox regression, and linear regression, respectively. Results: A total of 176 COVID-19 patients (51.1% men and 48.9% women) were enrolled in the study. Of them, 55 patients (31.25%) died, and 121 patients were discharged (68.75%). The mean age of participants was 64.9 ± 15.09 years. CTR > 0.49 was more frequent among deceased patients (50.9% vs. 31.4%, P = 0.018) and was associated with non-significant increases in odds ratio (OR) and hazard ratio (HR) (OR = 1.75, P = 0.11; HR = 1.43, P = 0.19). Moreover, PA/A > 1 was more common in deaths (52.7% vs. 32.2%; P = 0.012) and significantly increased OR but not HR (OR = 1.99; P = 0.04; HR = 1.36; P = 0.26). The moderate and severe pleural effusion was noticeably associated with prolonged hospitalization (HR = 4.09, P = 0.01; HR = 3.37, P = 0.02, respectively). The IVC diameter and pericardial effusion were not significantly correlated with outcomes. Conclusion: Cardiac indices in chest CT of COVID-19 patients can be accounted for the prediction of patient outcomes in the clinic, such as PA/A > 1 ratio, which increases the likelihood of in-hospital deaths.
Thickness of the Hyperechoic Capsule-like Rim Around Pancreatic Lesions Measured by Ultrasound for Differentiating Between Type 1 Autoimmune Pancreatitis and Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Cong Peng , Yu Ya-Na , Wang Xue-Mei , Zhang Yun-Fei
Published: June 2024

Background: Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is often misdiagnosed as pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC), resulting in unnecessary surgical interventions. On computed tomography (CT) scans, the capsule-like rim is an essential radiological characteristic for differentiating AIP from PAC. It presents as a hypoattenuating halo surrounding the pancreas. However, this characteristic is infrequently observed in ultrasonography. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of the thickness measurement of the capsule-like structure surrounding lesions during ultrasonography in order to distinguish between AIP and PAC. Patients and Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 19 patients with type 1 AIP (AIP1) as the case group and 37 patients with PAC as the controls. The ultrasound images of these patients were obtained from our institute's database. The thickest part of the hyperechoic capsule-like structure around lesions was identified and measured on the workstation retrospectively. The difference in the thickness of the capsule-like structure between AIP1 and PAC was compared in all lesions and mass lesions, respectively. The optimal cut-off thickness was determined by the maximum Youden index (calculated as sensitivity + specificity - 1). A P-value of < 0.05 (or < 0.05/3 after applying the Bonferroni correction) was considered statistically significant. Results: All lesions appeared hypoechoic, and there were no significant differences in gender, age, abdominal pain symptoms, jaundice, or weight loss between the case and control groups (P > 0.05). However, there was a significant difference regarding the involved pancreatic location (P = 0.008). Among the lesions, 46 were mass lesions. The hyperechoic capsule-like rim was thicker in the case group compared to the control group for all lesions (mean = 0.40 ± 0.12 vs. 0.32 ± 0.09 cm, P = 0.006) and also for mass lesions (mean = 0.41 ± 0.13 vs. 0.31 ± 0.09 cm, P = 0.006). The cut-off thickness for AIP1 was estimated at 0.41 cm, according to the maximum Youden index in both all lesions and mass lesions. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and odds ratio for all lesions were 0.58, 0.86, 0.77, 0.69, 0.80, and 8.80 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.37 – 32.64), respectively. In mass lesions, the corresponding values were 0.58, 0.88, 0.80, 0.64, 0.86, and 10.50 (95% CI: 2.23 – 49.52), respectively. Conclusion: Patients with a hyperechoic capsule-like rim thickness of ≥0.41 cm during ultrasonography are more likely to have AIP1. This finding holds valuable clinical significance in differentiating between AIP1 and PAC.
Computed Tomography-Based Radiomics Analysis of Different Machine Learning Approaches for Differentiating Pulmonary Sarcomatoid Carcinoma and Pulmonary Inflammatory Pseudotumor
Authors: Zhang An-Lin , Fu Yan-Mei , He Zhi-Yang
Published: June 2024

Background: Differentiating between pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) and pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumor (PIP) is challenging using current conventional diagnostic methods. This lack of distinction significantly impacts subsequent clinical treatment decisions. Objectives: This study was conducted to construct an effective method to distinguish between PSC and PIP based on commonly used computed tomography (CT) images. Patients and Methods: A total of 14 patients with PSC and 76 patients with PIP were retrospectively included in the study for CT imaging. Radiomics features were extracted from non-enhanced CT images, and canonical correlation analysis was performed to reduce redundancy. The final radiomics signature was then identified using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). Logistic regression (LR), classification and regression trees (CART), support vector machine (SVM), k-nearest neighbors (KNN), and gradient boosting machine (GBM) were used to construct the radiomics models. The performance of these different radiomics models was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curve. Results: A total of 1186 radiomics features were extracted from non-enhanced CT images. After dimensionality reduction and selection, 7 valuable features were identified. The performance of 5 machine learning models was evaluated to differentiate between PSC and PIP, and the GBM-based radiomics model demonstrated the best performance. The GBM-based radiomics model achieved an accuracy of 0.922, area under the curve (AUC) of 0.98, F1 score of 0.967, and log loss of 0.161. Compared to conventional clinical-radiological diagnosis, the GBM-based radiomics model showed a significant association (odds ratio [OR] = 8.119; P = 0.006). Conclusion: The implementation of the GBM-based radiomics model has the potential to improve the ability to differentiate between PSC and PIP, thereby influencing the timeliness of subsequent surgical interventions and even the prognosis of patients.
Cardioprotective Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Lepidium draba on Isoproterenol-Induced Acute Myocardial Infarction in Rats
Authors: Kahyaei-Aghdam Maryam , Shafiei-Irannejad Vahid , Hamedeyazdan Sanaz , Soraya Hamid
Published: June 2024

Background: Recently, there has been increased interest in medicinal plants for the discovery of new compounds to treat various disorders. A few studies have highlighted the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Lepidium draba. Objectives: This study explores the potential cardioprotective effects of L. draba against myocardial infarction (MI) induced by isoproterenol. Methods: Isoproterenol (ISO) (100 mg/kg, injected subcutaneously for two consecutive days) was utilized to induce acute myocardial infarction in rats. The treated groups were administered hydroalcoholic extracts of L. draba intraperitoneally (ip) at doses of 50, 250, and 500 mg/kg for 2 consecutive days. Subsequently, the Electrocardiogram pattern, cardiodynamic parameters, cardiac remodeling, and lactate dehydrogenase levels were assessed. Results: The findings revealed that isoproterenol administration elevated the ST-segment and diminished the R-amplitude on the electrocardiogram, whereas treatment with L. draba extracts significantly ameliorated the ECG pattern. Isoproterenol injections lowered the mean arterial pressure (MAP), which was significantly increased by L. draba extract at all doses (P < 0.05). Furthermore, isoproterenol injections elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels (P < 0.05) and cardiac fibrosis (P < 0.001), and treatment with the hydroalcoholic extract of L. draba significantly reduced both indices (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively). Conclusions: This study is the first to demonstrate that L. draba administration protects myocardial tissue from isoproterenol-induced infarction. Consequently, this plant could be recommended as an adjunct treatment for patients with acute MI.
Phytochemical Profiling for Leaf, Stem, Roots, and Seeds of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal
Authors: Sahoo Manas Ranjan , Raghava Varrier Ramesh , Harihara Sharma Balatirupura Sundari , Rajendran Anithakumari , Guru Bala
Published: June 2024

Background: Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, belonging to the Solanaceae family and commonly known as Ashwagandha, is a traditional Ayurvedic herb renowned for its adaptogenic properties. It plays a significant role in various classical Ayurvedic formulations and proprietary medicines. Traditionally, the roots of the plant are utilized over the aerial parts, such as leaves and stems. In recent years, a global increase in the use of Ashwagandha roots has been spurred by several modern pharmacological studies supporting its benefits. Methods: This study examined different parts of the herb, including leaves, stems, roots, and seeds, using methods like phytochemical analysis, thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis, high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) phytochemical profiling, UV-visible spectral analysis, and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) profiling. Results: The findings indicated that phytosterols, triterpenoids, and alkaloids were predominantly found in the leaves and stems, with lower concentrations in the roots and seeds. Ethanol extracts were particularly rich in total flavonoids, whereas aqueous extracts contained higher levels of phenolic compounds. High-performance thin layer chromatography fingerprinting varied for each part of the herb, effectively separating pigment-based components such as chlorophyll at 366 nm in the aerial parts. The 1H NMR spectra showed distinct metabolite profiles for each part of the plant. Conclusions: The analytical methods proposed in this study offer enhanced quality control and evaluation for the medicinal use of W. somnifera roots and its aerial components.
Assessing the Accuracy of a Computer-Aided Detection System for Suspected Malignant Breast Lesions Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Farghadani Maryam , Riahinejad Maryam , Adibi Atoosa , Lashkarblock Maryam , Naderi Beni Zahra
Published: June 2024

Background: Mammograms often reveal breast microcalcifications, necessitating invasive procedures to ascertain whether they are cancerous or benign. Objectives: Although many microcalcifications are linked to noncancerous conditions, this study sought to investigate the efficacy of a computer-aided detection (CAD) system using breast MRI in distinguishing between benign and malignant breast anomalies. Methods: This cross-sectional study included forty patients with mammographically suspicious microcalcifications who underwent stereotactically-guided biopsies at our institution over two years. Prior to the biopsy, these patients received a breast MRI within eight weeks. Surgical interventions were carried out for cases identified as malignant or of uncertain malignant potential. The study aimed to determine diagnostic benchmarks by comparing the breast imaging reporting and database system (BI-RADS) category assignments from initial mammography screenings and breast MRI reports to the pathology findings. Results: Histopathology reports showed that of the total cases, 23 were benign, and 17 were malignant. Breast MRI exhibited a sensitivity of 88.8%, specificity of 54.5%, a positive predictive value of 58.5%, and a negative predictive value of 94.1%. Further analysis using CAD demonstrated sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 100%, 50.0%, 59.0%, and 100%, respectively. Conclusions: Utilizing breast MRI with the support of CAD, radiologists could significantly enhance their capability to differentiate between benign and malignant mammographic microcalcifications. This innovative diagnostic approach has the potential to decrease the necessity for unnecessary breast biopsies.
THE IMPACT OF DATA ORGANIZATION ON THE EFFICIENCY OF THE AUTO PARTS STORE INFORMATION SYSTEM
Authors: Novikova Tatyana , Smirnov D. , Evdokimova Svetlana
Published: June 2024

Any information system is based on a set of data that can set the input parameters of the system, determine or calculate the final performance indicators of the functioning of ongoing processes, departments, organizations, enterprises, etc., which are determined by the subject area. Thus, the organization of data directly affects the efficiency of the system. In this paper, the organization of data is considered on a specific example of an auto parts store.
FEATURES OF SOLVING PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION TASKS IN LARGE CITIES
Authors: Zakurdaeva K. , Belokurov V. , Buzunov M. , Pen'kin E. , Sitnikov A.
Published: June 2024

One of the main directions for improving the forecasting of passenger transport operations in certain areas of large cities is the development of comprehensive plans for the functioning of individual links in the transport service system. To achieve this goal, the transportation service system, its structure, the information support of each subsystem, the interdependence of subsystems, and operating parameters are considered.
ABOUT STABILIZATION OF THE PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL STATE OF THE DRIVER WHEN DRIVING A VEHICLE
Authors: Klimova G. , Zelikov V. , Strukov Yu. , Vnukova S. , Razgonyaeva V. , Strukova Irina
Published: June 2024

On taking measures to stabilize the psychophysiological state of the driver when driving a vehicle.
INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEM ELEMENTS FUNCTIONING ANALYSIS IN BEIJING (CHINA)
Authors: Zhang Jinbo , Bulatova O.
Published: June 2024

China is one of the fastest growing countries in the world. However, in the process of urbanization, problems such as increased traffic congestion, increased emissions of pollutants from vehicle traffic, etc. arise in the transport infrastructure. These problems have a negative impact on the sustainable development of society, the economy and the environment. The government of Beijing has always attached great importance to the sustainable development of transport, and therefore it is important to study the transport infrastructure of the city and its level of development at the present stage. In this paper, the intelligent transport system of Beijing is considered.
METHODS OF TRAFFIC REGULATION IN TRANSIT ZONES AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE LIKELIHOOD OF CONGESTION
Authors: Busarin E. , Korablev R. , Belokurov V. , Stasyuk Vladimir , Chernikov E. , Shkol'nyh A.
Published: June 2024

An alternative approach to traffic regulation on the smart cities road network in the context of an increasing volume of logistics using an intelligent transport system to reduce emissions and congestion is proposed. It is applicable in residential areas of transit zones and large cities with heavy traffic. The methods of regulating traffic in areas of transit zones, such as intelligent signaling, load limitation, and traffic in a dedicated lane, are given.
Perbandingan Tarif Reguler dengan Tarif INA CBGs pada Kasus Persalinan dengan Sectio Caesarea di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kota Tangerang Selatan
Authors: Mubshiroh Mubshiroh , Efendi Rusman , Fauzi Ridhwan
Published: June 2024

Sistem pembayaran prospektif dimaksudkan untuk menjamin masyarakat mendapatkan kualitas pelayanan kesehatan yang baik dengan biaya yang terkendali. Indonesia telah menerapkan sistem pembayaran prospektif Diagnostic Related Group (DRGs) pada rumah sakit yang disebut dengan Indonesia Case Based- Groups (INA-CBGs). Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu membandingkan tarif reguler dengan tarif INA-CBGs pada kasus sectio caesarea di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kota Tangerang Selatan. Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif kuantitatif, sampel sebanyak 65 kasus persalinan dengan sectio caesarea yang terklaim di aplikasi e-klaim INA-CBG’s versi 5.3 dari bulan Januari 2018 sampai dengan Juni 2018. Metode pengumpulan data telaah dokumen, mengobservasi perincian biaya rawat inap dari billing system. Sebanyak 65 kasus persalinan dengan seksio caesarea dengan total tarif reguler sebesar Rp. 793.144.700, sedangkan total tarif INA-CBG’s sebesar Rp. 345.053.900 menunjukkan selisih negatif dengan total selisih sebesar Rp -448.090.800. Adapun rata-rata selisih antara tarif reguler dengan INA-CBBGs sebesar Rp. -6.893.705/kasus. Tarif INA-CBGs terbukti lebih efisien dibandingkan dengan tarif reguler rumah sakit yang menggunakan system fee for service. Tarif INA-CBGs dapat disempurnakan dengan mengadopsi sistem global budget sehingga memberikan kepastian bagi penyedia layanan kesehatan sekaligus meningkatkan efisiensi dalam pembiayaan.
Dibujando Arquitectura
Authors: Gilabert Sanz Salvador , Zaragoza Isabel
Published: June 2024

El dibujo es el lenguaje que permite transmitir y explicar la arquitectura mediante códigos propios, dialogar con ella y ser arquitectura en sí mismo. Es el código de transmisión de este lenguaje que está claramente asociado al imaginario, al pensamiento y la concepción de la arquitectura, así como a la configuración de los proyectos arquitectónicos y a su transmisión. La expresión gráfica se presenta como el lenguaje mediador en las diferentes fases de la proyectación arquitectónica, desde su ideación y creación, hasta su desarrollo y concreción, así como para la comunicación de este conocimiento. Es la vía para realizar la labor profesional específica de la arquitectura.
Human Rights Collaboration and the Communicative Practice of Religious Identity
Authors: Koschmann Matthew A. ,   Religious Communication Association
Published: June 2024

Increasingly, human rights collaboration involves faith-based organizations whose members see social activism as an extension of their religious identities. This raises an immediate tension because collaboration requires negotiation of identities, challenging the convictions that motivate religious believers’ involvement. Thus human rights collaboration offers an important context to explore tensions of identity and religious faith. This study reports on a human trafficking collaboration in Mexico, with a particular emphasis on the communicative tensions of integrating a distinct religious identity while collaborating with others. Grounded Practical Theory is used to identify practical challenges, communicative responses, and situated ideals that constitute this problem domain.
COSMARIUM RETUSIFORME VAR. INCRASSATUM GUTWIŃSKI 1890 (ZYGNEMATOPHYCEAE, STREPTOPHYTA) – NEW RECORD OF RARE DESMID IN UKRAINE
Authors: Karpenko Yurii , Mekhed Olha , Kyriienko Svitlana
Published: June 2024

Purpose. Adding a new taxon of the genus Cosmarium to the desmids flora of Chernihiv Polesie.
Methodology. The landscape reserve of national significance “Zamglai” is one of the largest eutrophic swamps in the Chernihiv Polesie, which is an important refugium of hydrophilic phytodiversity of the forest zone, a place of concentration of a number of rare species of the boreal group and representatives of various biotic complexes. During the field research of the Zamglai bog complex, algal samples were collected and fixed with 4 % formalin for further study in laboratory conditions; pH and electrical conductivity of water were measured with a portable pH and conductivity meter. Microscopic examination of the samples was carried out using a light microscope equipped with a camera for taking microphotos. Identification manuals and monographs of the leading Ukrainian (Palamar-Mordvintseva, 1986, 2005) and European desmidiologists (Lenzenweger, 1999) were used for species identification.The iconotype provided in the original description of the newly recorded taxon (Gutwiński, 1892) was used.
Scientific novelty. The second record in Ukrainian desmidioflora of a rare taxon from the genus Cosmarium is documented. Previously it was discovered 134 years ago (Gutwiński 1890) in the Roztochchia-Opillja mountain region, namely in the vicinity of Lemberg (former Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, a part of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy – now Lviv, Ukraine). This taxon was found by the authors for the first time in the Ukrainian Polesie (Chernihiv Polesie). Description, cell dimensions and microphotographs in three views are included in this publication.
Conclusions. The description and photographs of the three cell views of the taxon given in the article fill the gaps in the illustrative material of the national reference publications (Palamar-Mordvintseva 1986: 167, fig. 37 item 16) and create better conditions for identification and new records of this taxon in Ukraine. The distribution area of Cosmarium retusiforme var. incrassatum Gutwiński 1890 has been expanded. The flora of desmids of the Ukrainian Polesie is enriched with a new infraspecific taxon.
Hepatotoxicity Induced by Some Metal Nanoparticles In Vivo: Review
Authors:   Department of Pharmacy, Kirkuk Technical Institute, Northern Technical University, Iraq., Ghareeb Ozdan Akram , Adnan Ali Qahtan ,   Department of Environment and Pollution Technologies Engineering, Kirkuk Technical College Engineering, Northern Technical University, Iraq.
Published: June 2024

Nanotechnology has witnessed a revolution in our current era and has penetrating into consumer industries, biomedical and electronic fields, and environmental treatments, due to the chemical-physical properties of nanoparticles, especially metal ones, and the advantage of large surface area to volume. Thus, the growing consumption of these minutes has increased the exposure of living organisms to potential risks associated with their toxicity, especially vital organs as liver. The present review summarizes the potential hepatotoxicity in vivo (rat model) of experimentally exposed metal nanoparticles or their oxides. Most of the literature indicates that the induced hepatotoxicity is due to oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, and disturbance of liver function depending on the concentrations and method of exposure to these nanoparticles. Therefore, the toxic potential must be taken into account and the damage that may be caused to other vital organs in the body must be constantly evaluated in order to reach safe use of these nanoparticles.
Tardigrades: A Glimpse into the Molecular Shields Against Radiation
Authors:   Energy Systems Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Cinarcik Road 5th km, 77200, Yalova University, 77200, Yalova, Turkey, Koyunoglu Cemil
Published: June 2024

Tardigrades, often colloquially known as water bears, are microscopic extremophiles renowned for their extraordinary ability to withstand harsh environmental conditions, including extreme radiation. This editorial synthesizes recent research examining the mechanisms underlying tardigrades' radiation resistance, which not only enhances our understanding of biological survival extremes but also paves the way for innovative advancements in radioprotection applicable in medical sciences, space exploration, and synthetic biology.
Screening of Pearl millet germplasms against downy mildew disease
Authors:   Department of Plant Pathology, C. P. College of Agriculture, S. D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, Gujarat., P. Raval Raj , M. Patel Apurvkumar ,   Department of Plant Pathology, C. P. College of Agriculture, S. D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, Gujarat.
Published: June 2024

Pearl millet or bajra [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] is one of the most important staple food for lakhs of poor people living in the semi-arid zones of India. Pearl millet is infected by a large number of diseases caused by fungal, bacterial, viral and nematode pathogens. Among these, downy mildew caused by Sclerospora graminicola (Sacc.) Schroet is the most destructive and widespread in India. Considering this, the present study on downy mildew of pearl millet was carried out screening of pearl millet germplasms under field condition against downy mildew disease. Total 95 pearl millet germplasms were evaluated under field conditions against downy mildew during kharif, 2017. Among 95 germplasms, 61 germplasms were found highly resistant, 22 germplasms were found resistant, 12 germplasms were found susceptible and none of germplasm was found highly susceptible.
A Comparative Evaluation of Dosal Usefulness in Total Scalp Irradiation according to Treatment Plans and Methods
Authors:   Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University Yonsei Cancer Center, Park Byeol Nim , Jung Dong Min , Kwon Yong Jae , Cho Yong Wan , Kim Se Young , Park Kwang soon , Park Ryeong Hwang , Baek Jong Geol ,   Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University Yonsei Cancer Center
Published: June 2024

Objective: The purpose of this study is to choose a treatment plan and equipment to maximize tangential irradiation to protect the normal brain tissues as much as possible during total scalp irradiation. Subjects and Methods: After zoning the total scalp of a phantom and selecting a target area for treatment, the study made a Helical Tomo Therapy (HT) plan, a Helical Tomo Therapy with a Complete Block (HTCB) plan, and a Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) plan. All of these plans made sure that the volume of a treatment plan with 95% of a prescription dose (40 Gy) would not exceed 95% of the entire volume and that Dmax would not be more than 110% of the prescription dose. The plans compared doses among organs at risk of damage including the brain. Doses in the brain tissues were assessed based on the volumetric criteria for normal tissues in Emami et al. Results: HT, HTCB, and VMAT had a dose of 21.68 Gy, 13.75 Gy, and 20.89 Gy, respectively, in brain tissues at D33%, a dose of 7.06 Gy, 3.21 Gy, and 7.84 Gy, respectively, at D67%, and a dose of 3.14 Gy, 1.75 Gy, and 3.84 Gy, respectively, at D100%. They recorded a Dmean of 16.64 Gy, 11.78 Gy, and 16.64 Gy, respectively. These results show that the overall dose was low in the HTCB plan. When the volume of a low dose was calculated based on 5 Gy, they recorded 87%, 49%, and 96%, respectively, in V5Gy. In addition, the maximum dose in the remaining organ (brain stem, hippocampus, and both lenses) except for the optic pathway was the lowest in HTCB Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that Tomo Therapy with a complete block minimized a dose in organs at risk of damage including the brain and hippocampus on both sides and accordingly reduced the probability of side effects such as radiation-induced brain injuries and a resulting decrease in neurocognitive functions. In addition to total scalp irradiation, if additional studies on ring targets treated in various areas are conducted to establish the benefits of tangential irradiation, it is believed that Tomo Therapy using Complete Block can be used to maximize tangential irradiation in treatment planning.
ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ DỰ PHÒNG SINH NON CỦA VÒNG NÂNG CỔ TỬ CUNG VÀ PROGESTERONE Ở THAI PHỤ 16-28 TUẦN TẠI BỆNH VIỆN PHỤ SẢN THÀNH PHỐ CẦN THƠ NĂM 2022-2024
Authors: Ông Quốc Thái , Huỳnh Thanh Liêm , Lâm Đức Tâm , Văn Thúy Cầm , Quan Kim Phụng , Nguyễn Thanh Thủy , Lê Minh Triết
Published: June 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Sinh non là nguyên nhân tử vong hàng đầu của trẻ sơ sinh. Sinh non để lại nhiều di chứng về thể chất và tâm thần, đồng thời là gánh nặng về kinh tế cho gia đình và xã hội. Chính vì vậy, sàng lọc và dự phòng sinh non hiệu quả đem lại nhiều lợi ích cho chất lượng dân số và cuộc sống sau này. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Đánh giá kết quả dự phòng sinh non của vòng nâng cổ tử cung và progesterone ở thai phụ từ 16-28 tuần và một số yếu tố liên quan đến hiệu quả kéo dài tuổi thai. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Báo cáo loạt ca 60 thai phụ 16-28 tuần có chiều dài cổ tử ngắn được dự phòng sinh non bằng vòng nâng cổ tử cung Arabin và progesterone tại Bệnh viện Phụ sản thành phố Cần Thơ 9/2022-12/2023. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ kéo dài tuổi thai đến ≥34 tuần là 90%, ≥37 tuần là 55%. Thời gian kéo dài từ lúc đặt đến lúc sinh trung bình là 98,9±36,6 ngày. Tác dụng phụ thường gặp nhất là tăng tiết dịch chiếm 30%. Hình dạng lỗ trong CTC hở làm tăng nguy cơ sinh non <34 tuần có ý nghĩa thống kê với OR=7,0 (p=0,038; KTC 1,1-43,0). Kết luận: Dự phòng sinh non bằng vòng nâng cổ tử cung Arabin và progesterone là phương pháp hiệu quả, đơn giản, tỷ lệ tác dụng phụ thấp.
KẾT QUẢ KIỂM SOÁT HEN PHẾ QUẢN VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN KIỂM SOÁT HEN PHẾ QUẢN KHÔNG HOÀN TOÀN
Authors: Nguyễn Ngọc Hân , Nguyễn Thị Hồng Trân , Đỗ Thị Thanh Trà
Published: June 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Hen phế quản là một bệnh hô hấp mạn tính thường gặp ở mọi lứa tuổi, ảnh hưởng từ 1-18% dân số tùy theo mỗi quốc gia, là một vấn đề sức khỏe trên toàn thế giới. Tại Việt Nam, ghi nhận tỷ lệ mắc hen phế quản trung bình khoảng 3,9% dân số, tương đương với khoảng 4 triệu người mắc và lấy đi sinh mạng của 3000-4000 người/năm. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: (1) Mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng của bệnh nhân hen phế quản. (2) Đánh giá kết quả kiểm soát hen phế quản sau 3 tháng và một số yếu tố liên quan đến kiểm soát hen phế quản không hoàn toàn. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang được thực hiện trên 40 bệnh nhân hen phế quản đang được điều trị tại Đơn vị Hô hấp, Bệnh viện Trường Đại học Y Dược Cần Thơ. Kết quả: Trong 40 bệnh nhân tham gia nghiên cứu có 22 (55%) bệnh nhân nam và 18 (45%) bệnh nhân nữ, có độ tuổi trung bình 53,03 ± 15,611.  Tỷ lệ triệu chứng ho (72,5%), khò khè (70%), khó thở (65%) và nặng ngực (17,5%). Chỉ số hô hấp ký FVC% (86,10 ± 13,50), FEV1 % (74,43 ± 15,78) và FEV1/FVC (0,685 ± 0,0796). Tỷ lệ kiểm soát hoàn toàn là 72,5%, kiểm soát một phần là 25% và không kiểm soát là 2,5%. Giới tính và cách sử dụng thuốc hít là các yếu tố liên quan đến kiểm soát hen phế quản không hoàn toàn. Kết luận: Kiểm soát hen phế quản là một quá trình cần sự phối hợp giữa thầy thuốc và bệnh nhân. Đánh giá triệu chứng, các vấn đề trong điều trị, sự tuân thủ trong sử dụng thuốc hít góp phần ngăn ngừa triệu chứng, nâng cao chất lượng cuộc sống và cải thiện kết cục không mong muốn trong tương lai.
NGHIÊN CỨU ĐỘT BIẾN KHÁNG CLARITHROMYCIN CỦA VI KHUẨN HELICOBACTER PYLORI Ở TRẺ EM VIÊM, LOÉT DẠ DÀY - TÁ TRÀNG TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI ĐỒNG CẦN THƠ NĂM 2021-2023
Authors: Nguyễn Trung Kiên , Trần Đỗ Hùng , Nguyễn Hồng Phong , Ông Huy Thanh , Võ Nhật Ngân Tuyền , Nguyễn Phan Hải Sâm , Lê Thị Thúy Loan , Trần Đức Long
Published: June 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Clarithromycin (CLA) là một trong những kháng sinh đầu tay trong điều trị tiệt trừ Helicobacter pylori ở trẻ em. Tuy nhiên, đề kháng CLA của vi khuẩn H.pylori hiện nay đang gia tăng và thay đổi giữa các khu vực trên thế giới. Tình trạng này liên quan đến các đột biến ở vùng xác định kháng macrolide của gen 23S-rARN. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Xác định tỷ lệ các đột biến kháng CLA trên gen 23s-rARN của vi khuẩn H. pylori ở trẻ 6-16 tuổi viêm, loét dạ dày tá tràng và một số yếu tố liên quan. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 59 bệnh nhi tuổi từ 6-16 viêm, loét dạ dày tá tràng có nhiễm H. pylori tại Bệnh viện Nhi đồng Cần Thơ, giải trình tự gen để xác định các đột biến kháng CLA. Kết quả: Ở bệnh nhi nhiễm H. pylori, tỷ lệ đột biến kháng CLA trên gen 23S-rARN là 100%. Có 08 loại đột biến điểm được phát hiện trên đoạn gen 23S- rARN, tại hai vị trí 2142 và 2143 đều có đột biến thay thế nucleotide A thành G, không có chủng nào mang đột biến A2142C. Kiểu đột biến A2143G và T2182C là phổ biến nhất chiếm 91,5% và 96,6%. Không có mối liên quan ý nghĩa thống kê giữ đột biến gen kháng clarythromycin với tuổi, giới tính, hình ảnh nội soi và tiền sử điều trị H. pylori. Kết luận: Tỷ lệ đề kháng CLA của H. pylori ở các bệnh nhân viêm, loét DD-TT ở khu vực Đồng bằng Sông Cửu Long là khá cao, cảnh báo nguy cơ thất bại với liệu trình điều trị tiệt căn H. pylori bằng phác đồ có phối hợp CLA. Vì vậy, cần có chỉ định xét nghiệm xác định đề kháng loại kháng sinh này trước khi điều trị, nhất là những trường hợp có tiền sử điều trị thất bại.
EMERGING FRONTIERS: MARINE DRUGS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF FUTURE CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
Authors: K Sandhanam , Rahman Nisma , S Yuvashree , T Tamilanban
Published: June 2024

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a significant global health burden, necessitating continuous efforts to identify innovative therapeutic strategies. In recent years, marine organisms have garnered increasing attention as promising sources of bioactive compounds with potential therapeutic applications in CVD. This abstract explores the emerging trends and future prospects of marine-derived drugs in the management and treatment of cardiovascular conditions. Marine organisms are rich sources of diverse secondary metabolites with various pharmacological activities relevant to cardiovascular disease (CVD). These bioactive compounds display anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antithrom¬botic, anti-hypertensive, and lipid-lowering properties. Notably, essential fatty acids, par¬ticularly omega-3 PUFAs like EPA and DHA, have shown significant benefits in reducing CVD risk factors such as triglycerides, improving endothelial function, and reducing inflammation. Additionally, marine-derived peptides and proteins are being explored as potential therapeutic agents for CVD. Among these, ACE-inhibitory peptides from fish, shellfish, and seaweeds have shown antihypertensive effects and potential cardioprotective benefits. Additionally, novel marine proteins with antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory properties are being explored as future treatment options for atherosclerosis and related conditions. Advancements in marine biotechnology and bioprospecting techniques have facilitated the discovery of previously unknown bioactive compounds from marine organisms. In the future, advanced analytical methods like metabolomics and proteomics will enhance our comprehension of marine drug interactions and mechanisms of action. While translating marine drugs into clinical practice poses challenges of scalability, sustainability, and regulatory issues, the integration of cutting-edge technologies offers substantial potential to overcome these obstacles and revolutionize cardiovascular medicine. Marine drugs present a thrilling frontier in the search for innovative therapies for cardiovascular disease. The rich reservoir of bioactive compounds found in marine organisms offers unique opportunities to develop targeted interventions that can complement existing treatment modalities and potentially transform the management of CVD. Through continued research and collaboration between marine scientists, pharmacologists, and clinicians, the promise of marine-derived drugs as effective cardiovascular therapeutics can be fully realized in the not-so-distant future.
Nutritional and Biochemical Analysis of Locally Produced Wine from a Blend of Banana (Musa sapientum) and Date Palm Fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L.)
Authors: Tatah Silas Verwiyeh , Shadrach Philip , Abah Moses Adondua
Published: June 2024

Background: Wine is a low-alcohol beverage made from fresh grapes or grape juice through partial or complete fermentation. Wine contains many nutrients necessary for the human body, such as sugar, vitamins, amino acids, mineral elements, polyphenols etc. Objective: This project aimed at analysing the nutritional and biochemical composition of locally produced wine from a blend of banana and dates palm fruit. The study includes determining the proximate, phytochemical, mineral, physicochemical, and amino acid profiles. Methods: The method involves heating a crucible dish to eliminate moisture, determining fat content, defatting the sample, determining ash, and determining crude protein. The phytochemical analysis includes tests for saponin, flavonoid, alkaloid, and tannin. Mineral analysis was carried using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer, while physicochemical analysis includes alcohol, pH, and temperature measurements as well as determination of amino acid profile analysis of banana-date palm wine. Results: The proximate analysis revealed high moisture content (97.87%), suggesting a good source of fruit wine production. The wine contains low crude fibre (1.01%), low crude protein (0.14%), Ash content (0.49%) and low crude lipid (0.58%). The wine also contains antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Physicochemical analysis revealed an average pH of 4.62 to 4.71, with sugar concentration decreasing daily over four days and two mineral elements were reveal which are potassium and phosphorus. The amino acid profile analysis of banana-date palm wine reveals that it contains both essential and non-essential amino acids. The essential amino acids include isoleucine, methionine, histidine, and phenylalanine, non-essential amino acids include glutamic acid, asparagine, proline, and cysteine. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that a blend of Banana (musa sapientum) and date palm fruit (Phoenix dactyliferal) wine has a unique pleasant aroma, and  may have the potential to provide both essential and non-essential amino acids, provide other nutrients that are important for normal physiological function of the body.
Peran Model Pembelajaran Futuristik dalam Kemajuan PAI di Pondok Pesantren
Authors: Budiyono Slamet , Adin Ahmad Muchlis
Published: June 2024

The concept of futuristic learning in the education sector is very important to produce Indonesian human resource products that can face the changing times. This requires educational institutions and educators to be able to create futuristic learning concepts which are expected to meet the needs of the educational process, especially Islamic religious education in this era. Among the most common Islamic religious educational institutions in Indonesia are Islamic boarding schools, some of which still use traditional methods. Combining futuristic learning models with traditional methods can create a dynamic and effective learning environment to advance Islamic religious education in Islamic boarding schools.
Osteoarthritis and Hypothyroidism: What's the Association? A Literature Review
Authors: Handayani Erika Yusticia , Ginting Heri Krisnata
Published: June 2024

Osteoarthritis (OA) and hypothyroidism are two prevalent conditions with interrelated mechanisms suggesting a potential connection between them. Several studies have indicated that individuals with hypothyroidism are twice as likely to develop OA in their knees compared to those without hypothyroidism. Furthermore, individuals with hypothyroidism are more prone to experiencing joint pain and stiffness, possibly attributed to the effect of thyroid hormone on bone and cartilage proliferation and differentiation, thus increasing the risk of OA. Although the precise relationship between OA and hypothyroidism remains incompletely understood, research underscores a significant association, suggesting a heightened risk of OA development in individuals with hypothyroidism. This research aims to elucidate the mechanisms underlying this relationship and its implications for managing OA in patients with hypothyroidism.
Hình Ảnh Người Phụ Nữ trong Truyền Kỳ Mạn Lục (Nguyễn Dữ) và Vũ Nguyệt Vật Ngữ (Ueda Akinari)
Authors: Phạm Phi Na
Published: June 2024

Hình ảnh người phụ nữ xuất hiện khá thường xuyên trong các tác phẩm truyền kỳ các nước trong khu vực văn hóa chữ Hán với nhiều nét đặc trưng nổi bật. Tuy nhiên, hiện nay chưa có nhiều công trình nghiên cứu cụ thể về hình tượng này trong thể loại truyền kỳ. Vận dụng phương pháp so sánh song song, bài viết này hướng đến nghiên cứu hình ảnh người phụ nữ trong hai tác phẩm truyền kỳ tiêu biểu: Truyền kỳ mạn lục (Nguyễn Dữ) và Vũ nguyệt vật ngữ (Ueda Akinari). Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy bên cạnh những điểm tương đồng trong việc khắc họa hình ảnh người phụ nữ trong hai tác phẩm như đề cao vẻ đẹp, đức hy sinh, lòng hiếu hạnh, sự thủy chung, người phụ nữ trong từng tác phẩm cũng có những nét riêng gắn với đặc điểm của mỗi dân tộc. Nếu những người phụ nữ trong Truyền kỳ mạn lục được khắc họa như những con người mạnh dạn tìm kiếm tình yêu, hạnh phúc cho mình thì người phụ nữ trong Vũ nguyệt vật ngữ lại quyết liệt trong việc đòi công lý cho họ. Tất cả không những thể hiện dòng chảy chung thể loại truyện truyền kỳ trung đại trong khu vực văn hóa chữ Hán mà còn tạo nên dấu ấn riêng của hình ảnh người phụ nữ trong từng tác phẩm.
Community Empowerment Through Organic Waste Management Fostered by PT Pertamina Patra Niaga Integrated Jakarta as an Implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Prawira Yoga , Rahayu Ety
Published: June 2024

Waste is still a quite complicated problem in DKI Jakarta. Waste generation in the Province has a waste generation of 8,607.26 tons per day. These problems require effective and sustainable solutions. The waste problem is the effect of the development process, and the lack of waste management, as well as the lack of public education on how to manage waste. PT Pertamina Niaga Integrated Jakarta collaborated with RW 07, North Rawa Badak Village, Koja District, North Jakarta City to conduct coaching in the form of organic waste management activities through maggot cultivation. This community empowerment program, conducted within the operational vicinity of PT Pertamina Patra Niaga Integrated Jakarta, holds significance as it serves as a corporate social responsibility endeavor. Its primary objectives are to educate the community about waste management practices and to mitigate waste generation. This research employs qualitative methodology, specifically adopting a descriptive research design. The results of the study show that the Company's social responsibility program has fulfilled the concept of three triple bottom line dimensions.
PHÁT TRIỂN NGUỒN NHÂN LỰC SỐ ĐÁP ỨNG YÊU CẦU PHÁT TRIỂN KINH TẾ SỐ TRONG QUÁ TRÌNH CHUYỂN ĐỔI SỐ QUỐC GIA, Ở VIỆT NAM
Authors: Trần Đăng Bộ , Bùi Đức Thịnh
Published: June 2024

Cách mạng công nghiệp lần thứ tư đang làm xuất hiện nhiều công nghệ có tính nhảy vọt mà nền kinh tế số đang bùng nổ trên thế giới, trở thành nhân tố hàng đầu thúc đẩy tăng trưởng và phát triển của mỗi quốc gia. Vì thế, quốc gia nào tận dụng hiệu quả cơ hội phát triển kinh tế số sẽ tạo được lợi thế cạnh tranh vượt trội để bứt phá. Ở Việt Nam, kinh tế số là một trong ba trụ cột của Chương trình chuyển đổi số quốc gia, song nguồn nhân lực số chưa đáp ứng yêu cầu về số lượng, chất lượng và cơ cấu. Do đó, phát triển nguồn nhân lực số là vấn đề cần thiết đặt ra từ thực tiễn hiện nay, đòi hỏi phảicó giải pháp phù hợp, khả thi.