bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant Potential and Total Phenolic Compounds of Extracts and Fractions of Pistasia atlantica
Authors: Alidadi Somayeh , Moradi Mohammad-Taghi , Asadi-Samani Majid , Lorigooini Zahra
Published: July 2017

Different parts of Pistasia atlantica have been used in traditional medicine for various purposes in Iran. The aim of this
study was to measurement and compare antioxidant activity and polyphenolic compounds of crude ethyl alcohol extract
and four fractions of P. atlantica leaf. Crude ethyl alcohol extract of P. atlantica leaf was prepared using maceration
method and subjected to fractionation with different polarity. The antioxidant potential of all these fractions was evaluated
by the 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity method. The total phenolic, flavonoid, and
flavonol components were measured with Folin-Ciocaltiue and Chlorid Aluminum methods. According to the radical
scavenging capacity, the ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the highest antioxidant activity with IC50 value 1.54±0.12 µg/ml,
followed by the chloroform fraction with higher percent inhibition of the DPPH with 3.4±0.11 µg/ml. The results are
represented relative to a reference standard, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), with IC50 value of 33.5±3.67μg/ml. Among
these fractions, the ethyl acetate fraction and chloroform fraction had the highest amount of total phenolic compounds with
value of 532.73 and 355.14 mg GAE/g, respectively. The results of this study showed that some fractions of P. atlantica
leaf extract could be used as easily accessible source of natural antioxidants
Analysis of ACTH Levels After High Dose and Long-Term Prednisone Therapy in Children with Steroid Sensitive Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: R N Hapsari , N. Asmaningsih , E. Padolo , . Yulistiani
Published: July 2017

Background The use of high dose and long-term prednisone as glucocorticoid in steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome
patients can cause the suppressive effect on endogenous steroid production, namely HPA axis suppression which is
characterized by the decrease of ACTH levels. This can decrease cortisol levels so can affect metabolism process,
immune response, and brain function. Objective To analyze ACTH levels in the induction and alternating phase, and to
relate with the patient’s condition both clinical and laboratory data. Methods ACTH levels were measured before and
after induction phase and four weeks after alternating phase at 08.00-09.30 a.m. Results 15 patients consisted of 9 boys
and 6 girls showed there were no significant differences between ACTH levels in each phase. ACTH levels were
increased 23.6% from 22.2 ± 13.1 pg/mL to 27.4 ± 23.0 pg/mL during the induction phase (p>0.05) and alternating phase
also showed that ACTH levels were increased 1.7% from 27.4 ± 23.0 pg/mL to 27.9 ± 22.2 pg/mL (p>0.05). The clinical
manifestation of HPA axis suppression such as hypoglycemia, hypotension, weight loss, appetite loss, and acute
dehydration were not found in the patients. Weakness, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain were found only
7% after the induction phase. Conclusion HPA axis suppression did not occur after the high dose and long-term
prednisone therapy in the induction and alternating phase which showed ACTH levels average in normal range. It was
also supported by the absence of clinical and laboratory data that showed signs of HPA axis suppression.
WHATSAPP COMO HERRAMIENTA DE ENSEÑANZA DEL IDIOMA INGLÉS PARA MEJORAR LA HABILIDAD AUDITIVA EN LOS ESTUDIANTES DE SEGUNDO BACHILLERATO BGU DE LA UNIDAD EDUCATIVA LICEO CRISTIANO PENINSULAR. LA LIBERTAD, PROVINCIA DE SANTA ELENA
Authors: Lucas Cristhian , Almeida B Xavier , Loor Z. Kléber
Published: July 2017

El presente trabajo de investigación estableció como objetivo usar WhatsApp como herramienta de enseñanza del idioma Inglés para mejorar la habilidad auditiva (Listening) de 15 estudiantes del Segundo Bachillerato BGU de la Unidad Educativa Liceo Cristiano Peninsular, Provincia de Santa Elena, Ecuador. Al grupo participantes de esta investigación se le permitió utilizar la aplicación WhatsApp en un dispositivo inteligente (Smart Phone),cuyas características principales son la utilidad del envío de mensajes de audio y el intercambio de video, estas interacciones lograron mejorar la habilidad auditiva de esta muestra de estudiantes a través de la práctica de canciones, videoclips, conferencias y podcasts. Para el desarrollo de esta investigación fue necesario aplicar el método cualitativo mediante técnicas tales como: Grupos focales (Focus group), observación y entrevistas. Los resultados de estos análisis demostraron que la aplicación de la metodología de aprendizaje móvil (Mobile Learning), generó un aprendizaje significativo en la habilidad auditiva de los estudiantes entre el 12% y el 20% en donde los estudiantes que se encontraban en el nivel A2.1 pasaron al nivel A2.2 de acuerdo con el Marco Común Europeo. Estos resultados demuestran claramente que los docentes deben aceptar la ruptura epistemológica que establece cambiar los métodos tradicionales de la enseñanza del idioma inglés por métodos modernos acorde con las necesidades que presentan los nativos digitales en los actuales ambientes formales e informales de aprendizaje.
EL APRENDIZAJE DEL ENTORNO NATURAL EN LOS ESTUDIANTES A TRAVES DEL DESARROLLO DE LA INTELIGENCIA NATURALISTA
Authors: Vélez Mora Oscar , García Yance María Auxiliadora , Ruales De Haz Sally Melaine
Published: July 2017

Esta investigación tiene como base principal el de reforestar y recuperar entornos naturales, para mejorar la vida en las zonas rurales por reciprocidad con la responsabilidad ambiental. Esta investigación se realizó mediante la metodología de la observación y entrevista en los estudiantes, al analizar se propuso acciones entre ellas motivar a los estudiantes  desde las instituciones educativas a desarrollar la inteligencia naturalista que enmarca su origen en la necesidad de los seres humanos. Por otra parte el análisis de los resultados determinó que motivar el aprendizaje naturista, estimulo la reforestación en la institución educativa con responsabilidad ambiental y mejoró su calidad de vida
EL DISTRITO TURÍSTICO RURAL: MODELO DE DESARROLLO PARA EL CANTÓN PEDERNALES – PROVINCIA DE MANABÍ (ECUADOR)
Authors: Herrera Enríquez Giovanni , Guevara Viejó Fabricio , Castillo Montesdeoca Eddy
Published: July 2017

El turismo es una actividad dinamizadora de la economía que gestionada de una manera socialmente responsable logra la distribución equitativa de la riqueza. La propuesta del distrito turístico rural busca un equilibrio entre el bienestar de los territorios y la satisfacción de los turistas,  una metodológica que incorpora herramientas de gestión empresarial y proyectos sociales con un modelo de generación de valor que permite identificar  características esenciales que busca la demanda turística. A partir de un inventario turístico georeferenciado sobre la base cartográfica proporcionada por el Instituto Geográfico Militar, se determinan las características de cada lugar, tradición o evento que pueden ser considerados como un atractivo turístico, posterior a ello se realiza un análisis situacional aplicando la matriz FODA y se determina la viabilidad de los proyectos turísticos en base a la matriz marco lógico. El uso de matrices multicriterio permite la identificación de atractivos idóneos para el turismo rural y la teoría de lugar central permite la organización de estos atractivos en distritos. La investigación aporta como base en el proceso de reconstrucción del sector turístico en el cantón Pedernales, devastado por el terremoto del 16 de abril de 2016.
INCIDENCIA DEL PARTO PREMATURO EN MUJERES EMBARAZADAS QUE HAN SUFRIDO VIOLENCIA EN URUGUAY
Authors: Da Costa Leites Da Silva Leticia Lorena , Sarduy Lugo Anabel
Published: July 2017

Se evaluó el riesgo de parto prematuro en mujeres embarazadas uruguayas que hayan declarado sufrir violencia durante el año 2012. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo en Uruguay, durante el año 2012. La muestra estuvo constituida por 43.989 mujeres embarazadas registradas en el Sistema Informático Perinatal (S.I.P), que reportaron hechos violentos y presentaron los datos necesarios para el estudio. El análisis estadístico se realizó a través de Chi cuadrado, Varianza, Test de Student y Regresión binaria. Las mujeres que relataron situaciones de violencia sufridas en algún momento de la gestación, fueron 1,3% del total de mujeres embarazadas. Casi el 19% de los partos de las mujeres que sufrieron violencia fue de pre término; constituyéndose la violencia como el mayor riesgo social para la Prematurez Odds Ratio (OR): 1,34 (95% IC 1,03-1,76). La asociación resultó fuerte e independiente de otras variables incluidas en el estudio. Los recién nacidos de estas mujeres presentaron bajo peso, deficiente perímetro cefálico e insuficiente longitud al nacer. La violencia en la mujer embarazada, como condición social, resultó ser el mayor riesgo social para el parto prematuro. Por las consecuencias adversas que genera la violencia, debería ser  prioridad para los agentes de la salud.
Prevalence of Conventional Risk Factors and Lipid Profiles of Patients with First Day of Acute Coronary Syndrome Admitted in CCU of Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal
Authors: Hirachan Gopi Prasad , Hirachan R , Thapa BB , Thapa KB
Published: July 2017

Background: Out of the total number of patients admitted in coronary care unit (CCU) with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), 75 - 85% presented with conventional risk factors. On the other hand, lipid profile modification after a cardiovascular event related to acute coronary syndrome has also been recognized. But there are controversies regarding the temporary changes in lipid profile after ACS. In our country, there are limited studies about the basal characteristics of lipid profile and the variability of its components after an ACS.Objectives: 1) To analyze the changes in lipoprotein levels in a group of patients hospitalized with ACS. 2) To describe the basal lipid profile. 3) To find out the prevalence of conventional risk factors of ACS patients.Methods: A total of 300 patients with the diagnosis of ACS were studied and the presence of conventional risk factors including smoking, hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes were recorded. In addition, we also analyzed the lipid profile within the first 24 hours of admission and body mass index (BMI) of all the patients included in the study.Results: Among a total of 300 patients, the mean age of men was 45 – 75 years and women 50 – 65 years. There were 47.5% patients with non-STEMI and 52.5% with ST-elevated myocardial infaraction (STEMI). In patients with BMI <24, 23.9% were males and 32.2% females; in patients with BMI 25 - 29, 55.4% were males and 48.7% females and in patients with BMI >30, 20.7% were males and 19.1% females. Among the study population, prior myocardial infaraction (MI) was seen in 29%, prior CABG in 4.2% and 10.5% had family history of CAD. In this study, diabetes and dyslipidemia were more in STEMI whereas dyslipidemia was common in non-STEMI. Among the conventional risk factors, smoking and hypertension were more common in STEMI in both men and women.Conclusions: In all patients admitted in CCU, basal lipid profile should be evaluated at the time of admission for choosing the most adequate treatment.Journal of Gandaki Medical College Volume, 09, Number 2, July December  2016, page: 13-16
Some Thoughts on Becoming A Great Teacher…
Authors: Reddy KR
Published: July 2017

Not available.Journal of Gandaki Medical College| Volume 09 | Issue 02 | July-December 2016
Gifted authorship in scientific writings
Authors: Ansari Mukhtar
Published: July 2017

Not available.MED PHoenix : An Official Journal of NMCVolume (1), Issue (1) July 2016, page: 1-2
Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Status in Male and Female Patients with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Madhikarmi Nirjala Laxmi , Singh Prem Prakash , Khatun Tarannum
Published: July 2017

Background: Free radicals are reactive oxygen species which cause lipid peroxidation precipitating many metabolic diseases including Diabetes Mellitus. However, these free radicals are quenched by substances known as antioxidants like vitamin C, vitamin E and several other compounds. Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status were investigated in patients with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes mellitus- Pokhara, Nepal.Methods: The extent of lipid peroxidation was assessed by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and the antioxidant parameter estimations were total antioxidant activity, Vitamin C and Vitamin E assessed in Type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus patients along with matched healthy counterparts.Results: The lipid peroxidation was increased in male Type 1 and 2 diabetic patients whereas female group showed decreased level as compared to its healthy counterparts. Similarly, the total antioxidant activity was found to be decreased in the diabetic group. The lipid peroxidation parameter and antioxidant status were statistically significant at p< 0.05.Conclusion: Oxidative stress and antioxidant status varied in male and female patients suffering from diabetes either Type 1 or Type 2. Apart from gender basis of evaluating oxidative stress, variables based on diet, habitat, socioeconomic status, education, etc. can also be considered.MED Phoenix Volume (1), Issue (1) July 2016, page: 10-14
Acute Intestinal Obstruction Due to Ascaris
Authors: Bhatt Pashupati N
Published: July 2017

Ascaris lumbricoids is the most common helminthes in tropical areas of developing countries around the world. Intestinal obstruction due to A. lumbricoids is a well known and serious complication in children. We report a case of six yrs female child with intestinal obstruction, who underwent laparotomy and enterotomy to remove the worm masses. Early diagnosis and surgery prevented complications and saved the life of patient.MED Phoenix Volume (1), Issue (1) July 2016, page: 39-40
Synthesis of a series of novel 2,3-dihydrofuranonaphthoquinone derivatives
Authors: Salari Maryam , Mosslemin Mohammad H. , Hassanabadi Alireza
Published: July 2017

A green and highly efficient synthesis of 12 novel trans-2-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-3-aryl-2,3-dihydronaphtho[2,3- b]furan-4,9-diones has been achieved via a three-component, one-pot condensation of 2-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-oxoethyl)]isoquinolinium bromide with 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone and an aromatic aldehyde in the presence of catalytic amounts of choline hydroxide in water under reflux conditions. The advantages of this method are a short reaction time, high yields and the avoidance of any hazardous organic solvent. Therefore, this procedure can be classified as green chemistry.
Novel Solid Base Catalyst Derived from Drinking Water Defluoridation for Biodiesel Synthesis
Authors: Gupta Jharna , Agarwal Madhu , Dalai Ajay Kumar
Published: July 2017

In this study, a novel heterogeneous catalyst was synthesized from drinking water treatment sludge obtained during defluoridation in biodiesel production by transesterification. More specifically, the sludge was converted into an effective catalyst by calcination at 950 ºC for 3 h. The catalyst was characterized using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric analysis, Scanning electron microscopy, Hammett titration method, and ion exchange method. The catalyst had a basicity of 12.57 mmol/g and a basic strength of 9.8 < H <17.2. It showed good catalytic activity in biodiesel synthesis. The maximum biodiesel yield obtained was 89% for the following reaction conditions: catalyst loading of 4 wt%, a reaction temperature of 65 ºC, the methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 12:1, and reaction time of 3 h. Thus, it was found that harmful waste can be used as an effective solid base heterogeneous catalyst.
Surgical Management of Breast Cancer under Local Anaesthesia: A Surgeon's Perspective
Authors: Paul Tapesh Kumar , Chowdhury AR , Lodi Russel Ahmed Khan , Ali Shayda , Basunia Mohammad Arman Zahed , Rouf Hasan Md Abdur
Published: July 2017

Background: Treatment of breast cancer without surgery may not be effective. But in elderly patients with lots of co-morbidities, surgical management often cannot be done due to the significant risks of general anesthesia. The need for a safe, easy and effective alternative anaesthetic technique that can provide adequate peroperative analgesia as well as reduced anxiety in such group of patients was the main indication for this study.Materials and method: This prospective study was done on eleven patients, with coexisting medical conditions and who were not at all fit for general anaesthesia, and underwent breast cancer surgery under local anaesthesia. The patients were studied with regard to intraoperative analgesia, haemodynamic stability and complications related to technique. The study was done in Delta Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh.Results: Mean±SD of study patients were 64.7±7 years old and all were suffering from coexisting medical conditions. Following local anaesthesia, mean intraoperative heart rate was 81.5±11.8 beats/min and the mean blood pressure was 127.3/79±9.6/7.0 mmHg. Patients felt no pain after infiltration of local anaesthetics, but experienced it if any place was missed before dissection. No complication occurred due to this procedure. All the candidates were fully satisfied with the procedure.Conclusion: Local anaesthesia provides satisfactory pain control along with keeping haemodynamics stable for surgical treatment of breast cancer among elderly patients having co-morbid conditions.Delta Med Col J. Jul 2017 5(2): 63-67
Reviewers in this issue Vol.5(2)
Authors: Editor -
Published: July 2017

Abstract not availableDelta Med Col J. Jul 2017 5(2): 104
A Massive-born Neutron Star with a Massive White Dwarf Companion
Authors: Cognard Ismaël , Freire Paulo C. C. , Guillemot Lucas , Theureau Gilles , Tauris Thomas M. , Wex Norbert , Graikou Eleni , Kramer Michael , Stappers Benjamin , Lyne Andrew G. , Bassa Cees , Desvignes Gregory , Lazarus Patrick
Published: July 2017

We report on the results of a 4 year timing campaign of PSR J2222−0137, a 2.44 day binary pulsar with a massive white dwarf (WD) companion, with the Nançay, Effelsberg, and Lovell radio telescopes. Using the Shapiro delay for this system, we find a pulsar mass m

p
 = 1.76 ± 0.06 M
⊙ and a WD mass m

c
 = 1.293 ± 0.025 M
⊙. We also measure the rate of advance of periastron for this system, which is marginally consistent with the general relativity prediction for these masses. The short lifetime of the massive WD progenitor star led to a rapid X-ray binary phase with little (< 10−2
M
⊙) mass accretion onto the neutron star; hence, the current pulsar mass is, within uncertainties, its birth mass, which is the largest measured to date. We discuss the discrepancy with previous mass measurements for this system; we conclude that the measurements presented here are likely to be more accurate. Finally, we highlight the usefulness of this system for testing alternative theories of gravity by tightly constraining the presence of dipolar radiation. This is of particular importance for certain aspects of strong-field gravity, like spontaneous scalarization, since the mass of PSR J2222−0137 puts that system into a poorly tested parameter range.
The Circumgalactic Medium of Submillimeter Galaxies. II. Unobscured QSOs within Dusty Starbursts and QSO Sightlines with Impact Parameters below 100 kpc
Authors: Fu Hai , Isbell Jacob , Casey Caitlin M. , Cooray Asantha , Prochaska J. Xavier , Scoville Nick , Stockton Alan
Published: July 2017

We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) 870 μm observations of 29 bright Herschel sources near high-redshift QSOs. The observations confirm that 20 of the Herschel sources are submillimeter-bright galaxies (SMGs) and identify 16 new SMG−QSO pairs that are useful to studies of the circumgalactic medium (CGM) of SMGs. Eight out of the 20 SMGs are blends of multiple 870 μm sources. The angular separations for six of the Herschel-QSO pairs are less than 10″, comparable to the sizes of the Herschel beam and the ALMA primary beam. We find that four of these six “pairs” are actually QSOs hosted by SMGs. No additional submillimeter companions are detected around these QSOs, and the rest-frame ultraviolet spectra of the QSOs show no evidence of significant reddening. Black hole accretion and star formation contribute almost equally in bolometric luminosity in these galaxies. The SMGs hosting QSOs show similar source sizes, dust surface densities, and star formation rate surface densities to those of other SMGs in the sample. We find that the black holes are growing ∼3×  faster than the galaxies when compared to the present-day black hole/galaxy mass ratio, suggesting a QSO duty cycle of ≲30% in SMGs at

. The remaining two Herschel-detected QSOs are undetected at 870 μm, but each has an SMG “companion” only 9″ and 12″ away (71 and 95 kpc at z = 3). They could be either merging or projected pairs. If the former, they would represent a rare class of “wet−dry” mergers. If the latter, the QSOs would, for the first time, probe the CGM of SMGs at impact parameters below 100 kpc.
A New Measurement of the Spectral Lag of Gamma-Ray Bursts and its Implications for Spectral Evolution Behaviors
Authors: Shao Lang , Zhang Bin-Bin , Wang Fu-Ri , Wu Xue-Feng , Cheng Ye-Hao , Zhang Xi , Yu Bang-Yao , Xi Bao-Jia , Wang Xue , Feng Huan-Xue , Zhang Meng , Xu Dong
Published: July 2017

We carry out a systematical study of the spectral lag properties of 50 single-pulsed gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) detected by the Fermi Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor. By dividing the light curves into multiple consecutive energy channels, we provide a new measurement of the spectral lag that is independent of energy channel selections. We perform a detailed statistical study of our new measurements. We find two similar power-law energy dependencies of both the pulse arrival time and pulse width. Our new results on the power-law indices would favor the relativistic geometric effects for the origin of spectral lag. However, a complete theoretical framework that can fully account for the diverse energy dependencies of both arrival time and pulse width revealed in this work is still lacking. We also study the spectral evolution behaviors of the GRB pulses. We find that a GRB pulse with negligible spectral lag would usually have a shorter pulse duration and would appear to have a “hardness-intensity tracking” behavior, and a GRB pulse with a significant spectral lag would usually have a longer pulse duration and would appear to have a “hard-to-soft” behavior.
Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence Mediated by Reconnection
Authors: Boldyrev Stanislav , Loureiro Nuno F.
Published: July 2017

Magnetic field fluctuations in magnetohydrodynamic turbulence can be viewed as current sheets that are progressively more anisotropic at smaller scales. As suggested by Loureiro & Boldyrev and Mallet et al., below a certain critical thickness,

, such current sheets become tearing-unstable. We propose that the tearing instability changes the effective alignment of the magnetic field lines in such a way as to balance the eddy turnover rate at all scales smaller than

. As a result, turbulent fluctuations become progressively less anisotropic at smaller scales, with the alignment angle increasing as

, where

is the resistive dissipation scale. Here L
0 is the outer scale of the turbulence, S
0 is the corresponding Lundquist number, and

is a parameter. The resulting Fourier energy spectrum is

, where

is the wavenumber normal to the local mean magnetic field, and the critical scale is

. The simplest model corresponds to β = 0, in which case the predicted scaling formally agrees with one of the solutions obtained in Mallet et al. from a discrete hierarchical model of abruptly collapsing current sheets, an approach different from and complementary to ours. We also show that the reconnection-mediated interval is non-universal with respect to the dissipation mechanism. Hyper-resistivity of the form

leads (in the simplest case of β = 0) to the different transition scale

and the energy spectrum

, where

is the corresponding hyper-resistive Lundquist number.
Velocity Fluctuations Driven by the Damped, Aperiodic Mode in the Intergalactic Medium
Authors: Kolberg U. , Schlickeiser R. , Yoon P. H.
Published: July 2017

On account of its finite temperature, the unmagnetized intergalactic medium (IGM) is subject to thermal fluctuations. Due to the fundamental coupling between particles and fields in a plasma, the field fluctuations generate current densities by means of the Lorentz force and thereby affect both the density and the velocity fluctuations of the particles. Recently, a new damped, aperiodic mode was discovered that dominates field fluctuations in the IGM. Apart from its impact on the transport properties of the IGM that determine the propagation of cosmic rays, previous research has shown that this mode provides turbulent magnetic seed fields of

that are an essential ingredient in the generation of cosmic magnetic fields. The current investigation addresses the influence of the mode on the particle motion. In order to describe the corresponding state of the turbulence, both the spectrum and the integrated total value of the mode-driven proton velocity fluctuations are computed. It is found that the latter amounts to

assuming a temperature of

and a density of

. This value is two orders of magnitude larger than the thermal velocity. If the IGM neutrals adopt the same velocities as the protons by mutual charge exchange and elastic collisions (ambipolar diffusion), atomic lines propagating through the IGM are expected to display spectral broadening, enhanced by a factor of 90 beyond the thermal level in the case of hydrogen. This opens the window to a first direct observation of the damped aperiodic mode. Other observational techniques such as dispersion measure, rotation measure, and scintillation data are not applicable in this case because the mode is a transverse one, and, as such, it does not induce the required density fluctuations, as is shown here.
The Nursing Professional Development Practitioner and RN Retention
Authors: Shinners Jean
Published: July 2017

Nursing professional development practitioners spend time and energy on the education and career development of RNs, but are there strategies that can be used to support the retention of experienced staff? This article examines the use of a professional development assessment tool as a discussion for career pathway support and RN retention.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2017;48(8):340–342.
Designing Integrated Courses in an RN-to-BSN Program
Authors: Curtis Mary P. , Kist Sharon , Van Aman M. Nancy , Riley Katherine
Published: July 2017

Three faculty members and an instructional designer collaborated to develop and implement first-term courses in a newly revised RN-to-bachelor of science in nursing curriculum. The ADDIE model served as the organizing framework for course development. Student assessment was approached in a novel manner, using integrated assignments that spanned each course. Students were able to demonstrate that objectives for all three courses were met, while synthesizing and applying their newly gained knowledge and skills.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2017;48(8):369–372.
Configuración patrimonial del monasterio de monjas dominicas de San Juan de Quejana, patronazgo del linaje de Ayala (1378-1524)
Authors: Paz Moro Agurtzane
Published: July 2017

El proceso de configuración patrimonial del monasterio de San Juan de Quejana es un reflejo del estrecho vínculo creado entre éste y el linaje de Ayala, su fundador y patrono. Las generosas donaciones practicadas garantizaron la subsistencia de la comunidad durante gran parte del periodo bajomedieval. No obstante, las relaciones entre ambos se deterioraron desde finales del siglo xv y las mujeres tomaron el relevo dotacional. Paralelamente, se manifestó una crisis económica interna que requirió la puesta en producción de ciertas propiedades hasta entonces en desuso.
Poder regio y control del espacio: monarcas y monasterios de Castilla (c. 1312-1390)
Authors: Prieto Sayagués Juan Antonio
Published: July 2017

En los reales monasterios, los monarcas no sólo proyectaron su poder, sino que redujeron el de la nobleza y los prelados seculares a través de las fundaciones monásticas, la concesión de privilegios y la participación en las reformas. Se sirvieron de los mismos para dar solución a las despoblaciones y allí se albergaron los reyes y sus huéspedes y se celebraron ceremonias políticas. Los religiosos ocuparon cargos cortesanos, ejercieron como embajadores y colaboraron en los episodios bélicos.
De Tirlemont a Riudarenes: política y religión en la crisis hispánica de 1640
Authors: Torres Sans Xavier
Published: July 2017

En la Europa altomoderna el deslinde entre política y religión apenas se oteaba en el horizonte. Por el contrario, lo más habitual era la inmediata confesionalización de toda suerte de conflictos políticos. En este artículo se exponen las (insospechadas) conexiones ideológicas entre la revuelta catalana de 1640 y la guerra franco-española declarada unos pocos años antes, así como su vertiente común de guerra de religión. A modo de conclusión se subrayan las dificultades de pensar la guerra justa al margen de la religión.
El franciscano Pedro Selleras (1555-1622) se quedó fuera del santoral
Authors: Gómez Zorraquino José Ignacio
Published: July 2017

El artículo analiza las diversas iniciativas que en los siglos XVII y XVIII se tomaron para propiciar la beatificación del franciscano fray Pedro Selleras (1555-1622), quien a lo largo de su trayectoria vital y después de muerto estuvo muy vinculado a un extenso territorio de Aragón. Las excelencias del predicador Selleras fueron expuestas por destacados prelados y escritores de la orden franciscana (González de Mendoza, Francés de Urrutigoiti, Hebrera, Arbiol,…), amén de otras señaladas personalidades (los prelados Apaolaza y Cortés y Sangüesa,…). A pesar de todo ello, nuestro protagonista, en el proceso de pureza doctrinaria, solamente superó el primer examen, lo que le convirtió en “venerable”.
Influencia del catolicismo en la Constitución gaditana: análisis del juramento y la representación eclesiástica por Andalucía
Authors: Sanchis Vidal Amelia , Ramos Rovi Mª José
Published: July 2017

En este artículo analizamos el papel de la Iglesia católica y del clero andaluz a través de las páginas de los Diarios de sesiones de las Cortes gaditanas (1810-14). En la investigación realizada, destacamos cómo la moral católica se confundió con la del Estado a través del obligado juramento, de la declaración de confesionalidad constitucional, y del imaginario social. Resaltamos cómo el peso del catolicismo afectó a la moral de la época y al discurso de los diputados andaluces en sus intervenciones, o en la falta de ellas. Como aportación original destacamos el apéndice prosopográfico de los diputados eclesiásticos por Andalucía.
La Institución Teresiana en la Liga Católica de Mujeres Campesinas
Authors: Rosique Navarro Francisca
Published: July 2017

En los últimos años del gobierno primorriverista con iniciativa del P. Sisinio Nevares S.J., se crea en Valladolid la Liga Católica de Mujeres Campesinas en un intento de mejorar la cultura y las condiciones de vida de éstas. Le sirvió de modelo el sistema boerenbond, gran éxito de la agricultura belga. Entre los principales actores de la empresa estaba la Institución Teresiana que consideró que, el proyecto podría ser una auténtica renovación de la enseñanza en las áreas rurales. Por distintos factores que analizamos, no fue posible y esta Institución se retiró en 1931 aunque la experiencia le facilitaría empresas de este género en América y España.
Ethics and aging: focus on living will for patients with dementia
Authors: Sardella Alberto , Vernuccio Laura , Cocita Floriana , Inzerillo Florenza , Dominguez Ligia J. , Barbagallo Mario
Published: July 2017

Today dementia certainly represents a public health priority with a huge global impact on wordwide population. However, clinical and social issues related to dementia have long been marginalized. The actual high prevalence of dementias requires also to face issues from a bioethical perspective, regarding how to deal with demented patient’s disposition. There are currently no specific guidelines on the national territory regarding whether to draw up a living will by a patient with dementia, neither about the informative role of physicians during the progressive story of the disease.
Hervormde voetspore op die Tukkie-kampus: ’n Kroniek van die eerste 50 jaar
Authors: Ungerer André G.
Published: July 2017

In 2017 the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk van Afrika (NHKA) celebrates its centenary of theological education at the University of Pretoria (UP). In this article the focus is on the build-up to setting up the first 50 years 1917– 1967 at UP. From as early as 1909 there was a yearning for our own theological seminary; however, some of the church leaders expressed their desire for theological education at a university. At the dawn of 1916 everything was in place for the NHKA and the Presbyterian Church of South Africa, as the first two partners, to start a faculty of theology at the Transvaal University College (TUC). On 01 April 1917 the Faculty of Theology commenced its work with prof. J.H.J.A. Greyvenstein of the NHKA and prof. E. MacMillan from the Presbyterian Church. The Presbyterian link with the faculty was broken in 1933. From 1938 the Nederduitse Gereformeerde Kerk (NGK) joined the NHKA and two independent sections were established: Section A for the NHKA and Section B for the NGK. There was a steady growth in the number of students and professors and on 13 June 1967 the NHKA filled its sixth professorship in the person of prof. I.J. de Wet. This era was also characterised by a lot of political tension in the heyday of the policy of apartheid. The NHKA was known for Article III in its constitution that propagates that church membership was for whites only. The NHKA support of the policy of apartheid was the cause of a dispute between the Church and prof. A.S. Geyser. In the end the matter was settled in favour of Geyser. There was also a dispute between professors A.G. Geyser and A.D. Pont that ended up in court in 1967. Pont was accused of defamation against Geyser. The court ruled against Pont and Geyser was granted the largest amount of compensation up till then.
Hervormde Barthiaanse Skrifbeskouing
Authors: Malan Gert J.
Published: July 2017

This article constitutes a summary of the development of a unique Barthian blend of Reformed Scripture view by theologians of the faculty of the Netherdutch (Hervormde) Church of Africa. The influence of Barth’s Scripture view is discussed according to central themes which were further developed, namely Word of God, revelation, faith, inspiration, authority of Scripture and the relation of the Old to the New Testament, and how these developed. The article concludes that the ‘Hervormde’ blend of Barthian view of Scripture is a gem to be treasured and guarded against un-Reformed authoritarian fundamentalism and foundationalism.
Phytochemical and antibacterial properties of Diodia scandens and Phyllanthus amarus on staphylococci isolated from patients in tertiary hospitals in Nigeria
Authors: Ojo Stephen K.S. , Esumeh Frederick I. , Osanyinlusi Samuel A. , Jeje Temitope O.
Published: July 2017

Background: The rapidly growing use of herbal drugs or supplements in complementary and alternative medicine as substitute for orthodox medicine both in developed and developing countries is fast gaining ground.Aim: This study evaluated both qualitative and quantitative phytochemical constituents of Diodia scandens and Phyllanthus amarus vis-à-vis their synergistic effects on clinically isolated staphylococci.Methods: A total of 200 wounds and burns samples were obtained from patients in the accident and emergency unit of different tertiary hospitals. Staphylococci were isolated and characterised using standard microbiological procedures. Whole plants of D. scandens and P. amarus were Soxhlet extracted with absolute ethanol. The phytochemical analysis was carried out using standard methods. Also, the minimum inhibitory concentration and bactericidal effect of the combined extracts were determined.Results: The phytochemicals present in D. scandens include saponin (6.58%), tannin (2.27 mg/100g), alkaloids (10.53%) and phytin phosphorus (1.80 mg/g), while phytochemicals in P. amarus include saponin (9.99%), tannin (5.82 mg/100g), alkaloids (9.67%) and phytin phosphorus (2.44 mg/g), revealing their antibacterial properties and phytonutrients. The combination study showed that a synergistic effect exists between the two plants on the isolates tested compared with individual extracts alone at the concentrations used.Conclusion: It is noteworthy that the traditional use of these plants was not only confirmed but the combination of D. scandens and P. amarus also proved more effective as antibacterial agent compared with a previous study on the same plants using single determination.
Determining the efficacy of national strategies aimed at addressing the challenges facing health personnel working in rural areas in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Mburu Grace , George Gavin
Published: July 2017

Background: Shortages of Human Resources for Health (HRH) in rural areas are often driven by poor working and living conditions, inadequate salaries and benefits, lack of training and career development opportunities amongst others. The South African government has adopted a human resource strategy for the health sector in 2011 aimed at addressing these challenges.Aim: This study reviews the challenges faced by health personnel against government strategies aimed at attracting and retaining health personnel in these underserved areas.Setting: The study was conducted in six primary health care service sites in the Hlabisa sub-district of Umkhanyakude, located in northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.Methods: The study population comprised 25 health workers including 11 professional nurses, 4 staff nurses and 10 doctors (4 medical doctors, 3 foreign medical doctors and 3 doctors undertaking community service). Qualitative data were collected from semi-structured interviews and analysed using thematic analysis.Results: Government initiatives including the rural allowance, deployment of foreign medical doctors and the presence of health personnel undertaking their community service in rural areas are positively viewed by health personnel working in rural health facilities. However, poor living and working conditions, together with inadequate personal development opportunities, remain unresolved challenges. It is these challenges that will continue to dissuade experienced health personnel from remaining in these underserved areas.Conclusion: South Africa’s HRH strategy for the Health Sector 2012/13–2015/16 had highlighted the key challenges raised by respondents and identified strategies aimed at addressing these challenges. Implementation of these strategies is key to improving both living and working conditions, and providing health personnel with opportunities for further development will require inter-ministerial collaboration if the HRH 2030 objectives are to be realised.
An investigation into the future of discretionary trusts in South Africa: An income tax perspective: Part 2
Authors: Brink Sophia M.
Published: July 2017

Background: Trusts have long been used as an estate planning mechanism, including the avoidance of estate duty and donations tax. In the 2016 National Budget the Minister of Finance indicated that Government was proposing several legislative measures during 2016/2017 to prevent individuals from using a trust to avoid estate duty (and donations tax to a certain extent). Unexpectedly, the 2016 draft Taxation Laws Amendment Bill and the final Amendment Bill did not give effect to any of these proposals, but introduced other less drastic measures to control the abuse of trusts for tax purposes, albeit with the same stated purpose.Aim: The main aim of the study was to clarify the reform proposals (albeit unclear and consequently based on certain assumptions) and to compare the reform proposals with the final amendments. This comparison will shed some light on the fairness and appropriateness of the final amendments and, more importantly, on the possibility that the reform proposals published by National Treasury in February 2016 not included in the final amendments will be enacted in the future. This investigation will assist tax practitioners and taxpayers in effective tax and estate planning, given that the reform proposals and final amendments have a possible impact on the future of discretionary trusts in South Africa.Setting: This article examines existing literature in a South African income tax environment.Methods: In order to meet this objective a qualitative approach based on a literature study of pure theoretical aspects was used.Results and conclusion: It was found that should the reform proposals become law, many trusts would become ineffective from a tax-planning perspective and these changes might erode other benefits trusts offer, jeopardising the future of discretionary trusts in South Africa.
Learners’ constructions of bullying in a South African school context
Authors: Hlophe Zibeleni L. , Morojele Pholoho J. , Motsa Ncamsile D.
Published: July 2017

Drawing on social constructionism as a theoretical paradigm, this article foregrounds learners’ voices to depict the profiles of bullies and bullying victims within a cultural context of one coeducational secondary school in Hammarsdale in South Africa. The article uses qualitative data from semi-structured individual and focus group interviews as well as a participatory mapping exercise based on a narrative study of six purposefully sampled Grade 9 learners, aged between 13 and 16 years. The findings denote learners’ social identities such as gender, sexual orientation, economic status, age, stature and complexion as critical determinants in the incitement and formation of bully–victim relations. The complex forms, causes and spaces of bullying are highlighted to denote its pervasiveness and the extent of the school’s illpreparedness to effectively respond to bullying incidents. The study recommends education policy and practice reformists foreground learners’ understanding and experiences of bullying as a basis for enhancing social inclusiveness, tolerance and safe schooling environments, for enhanced equitable quality of learning experiences for all the learners.
Effects of Rapid Maxillary Expansion on Head Posture, Postural Stability, and Fall Risk
Authors: Celebi Fatih , Hologlu Feyza , Akbulut Sibel , Bicakci Ali Altug
Published: July 2017

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) on head posture, postural stability, and fall risk.

Materials and Methods

A sample of 51 adolescent patients was randomly divided into two groups. In the first group, which consisted of 28 patients (15 females and 13 males), RME was performed as a part of routine orthodontic treatment. The remaining 23 individuals (12 females and 11 males) served as the control group. Lateral cephalometric radiographs taken in natural head position, postural stability, and fall risk scores were obtained during the first visit. They were repeated on average 3.8 months and 3.5 months later for the study and control groups, respectively. The changes were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, paired samples t-test, Mann–Whitney U-test, and independent samples t-test.

Results

As a result of RME, a statistically significant decrease was detected in the fall risk score (P < 0.05) in the study group, while the head position and postural stability remained unchanged. For the control group, no significant changes were observed in all measurements.

Conclusions

The result of the present study suggests that RME has a capacity of improving fall risk.
Local Dimensions of Measures of Finite Type II: Measures Without Full Support and With Non-regular Probabilities
Authors: Hare Kathryn E. , Hare Kevin G. , Shing Ng Michael Ka
Published: July 2017

Consider a finite sequence of linear contractions Sj(x) = px + dj and probabilities pj > 0 with ∑Pj = 1. We are interested in the self-similar measure , of finite type. In this paper we study the multi-fractal analysis of such measures, extending the theory to measures arising from non-regular probabilities and whose support is not necessarily an interval.

Under some mild technical assumptions, we prove that there exists a subset of supp μ of full μ and Hausdorff measure, called the truly essential class, for which the set of (upper or lower) local dimensions is a closed interval. Within the truly essential class we show that there exists a point with local dimension exactly equal to the dimension of the support. We give an example where the set of local dimensions is a two element set, with all the elements of the truly essential class giving the same local dimension. We give general criteria for these measures to be absolutely continuous with respect to the associated Hausdorff measure of their support, and we show that the dimension of the support can be computed using only information about the essential class.

To conclude, we present a detailed study of three examples. First, we show that the set of local dimensions of the biased Bernoulli convolution with contraction ratio the inverse of a simple Pisot number always admits an isolated point. We give a precise description of the essential class of a generalized Cantor set of finite type, and show that the k-th convolution of the associated Cantor measure has local dimension at x ∊ (0,1) tending to 1 as ft: tends to infinity. Lastly, we show that within a maximal loop class that is not truly essential, the set of upper local dimensions need not be an interval. This is in contrast to the case for finite type measures with regular probabilities and full interval support.
Ослабленный синтез в гармоническом анализе и компактный синтез в теории операторов
Authors: Todorov I G , Turovskaya Lyudmila B , Shulman Viktor Semenovich
Published: July 2017

В работе вводится понятие ослабленного синтеза в контексте гармонического анализа на общих локально компактных группах, которое в классической ситуации коммутативных групп означает, что функция $f$ из алгебры Фурье аннулируется любой псевдофункцией, сосредоточенной на $f^{-1}(0)$. Устанавливаются связи этого понятия с понятием компактного синтеза (возможностью аппроксимации компактных операторов псевдоинтегральными без увеличения носителя), что позволяет получить некоторые новые результаты как в теории операторов, так и в гармоническом анализе. Указываются также приложения к теории линейных операторных уравнений.
Поле мероморфных функций на сигма-дивизоре гиперэллиптической кривой рода 3 и приложения
Authors: Ayano Takanori , Buchstaber Victor Matveevich
Published: July 2017

В терминах градиента сигма-функции гиперэллитической кривой рода 3 описано поле мероморфных функций на сигма-дивизоре этой кривой. В качестве приложения построены решения соответствующих семейств полиномиальных динамических систем на $\mathbb{C}^4$ с двумя полиномиальными интегралами. Эти системы были введены в работе В. М. Бухштабера и А. В. Михайлова на основе коммутирующих векторных полей на симметрическом квадрате алгебраических кривых.