bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing knowledge differences between daycare staff and parents
Authors: Bebek Marina , BCIT School of Health Sciences, Environmental Health  , Karakilic Vanessa
Published: September 2020

Background and Purpose: Most Canadians have lead in their blood and it has been shown that even low levels of lead can cause harm. Children are the most susceptible population to the harmful effects of lead due to their increased absorption and earlier stages of brain development. Lead exposure in children has been shown to have negative and irreversible effects, including delayed development and reduced neurological function. As parents and daycare staff have the most interaction with young children, their health knowledge is important for minimizing day-to-day exposures. This research project assessed the level of knowledge of daycare staff and parents of young children on lead sources and health risks. Methods: An in-person, self-administered knowledge survey was given to parents and Early Childhood Educators (ECEs) at daycare centres located in Surrey, BC and Burnaby, BC. The data was then analyzed using SAS statistical software to compare the two groups using a chi square test. Results: Daycare staff and parents showed no significant differences in knowledge levels. The mean score on the knowledge test for daycare workers was 39.98 +14.77% and for parents was 30.73 +16.53%. Both groups had significant gaps in knowledge on lead, its sources, its risks for children, and preventive measures. Conclusion: Daycare staff and parents have an important role in minimizing children’s exposure to lead. Identifying knowledge gaps in these groups can lead to more targeted health promotion projects as well as changes to education and training.
Association between knowledge of the pneumococcal vaccine, vaccination status and recommendations for vaccination
Authors: Beverly Jennifer , BCIT School of Health Sciences, Environmental Health  , Heacock Helen
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND Pneumococcal disease caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae has a high morbidity rate in elderly individuals aged 65 or older. Previous studies have demonstrated that low vaccination rates with the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (pneumovax) are due to a lack of awareness and knowledge about the vaccine in the general population. This study measured the association between the public’s knowledge of the pneumococcal vaccine, vaccination status, the type and number of health care facility visits per participant in the past year and number of advertisements seen for the vaccine. METHODS This study used a survey to test the knowledge of its participants on the pneumococcal vaccine and associated the results with nominal data such as vaccination status and recommendation for vaccination by their primary health care providers. The survey tested the participants using 15 true or false questions that assessed their knowledge on the pneumococcal vaccine and pneumococcal disease. RESULTS No association was found between the knowledge individuals have on the pneumococcal vaccine and whether their health care provider recommended the vaccine (p=0.467). However, a statistical difference in knowledge between individuals who are vaccinated and individuals who are not vaccinated was found (p=0.039 (CHI), p=0.011 (ANOVA)). There was also a positive association found between vaccination status and primary health care provider recommendation for the pneumococcal vaccine (p=0.001). No association was found between vaccination status and number of visits to a primary health care provider in the past year (p=0.149). Using an ANOVA analysis, it was found that there was a difference in number of advertising types seen for each vaccination status group (p=0.011). CONCLUSION Based on the results, it can be concluded that individuals who are vaccinated have more knowledge on the pneumococcal vaccine, but their knowledge is not affected by a recommendation to receive the vaccine from their primary health care provider. This suggests that health care providers are not providing sufficient information about the vaccine to their patients when they recommend it. Despite this knowledge gap, the association between vaccination status and primary health care provider recommendation for the vaccine indicates that individuals are more likely to get vaccinated when their primary health care provider recommends it. However, more visits to the provider annually did not influence the vaccination status of the patient. In addition, results from the ANOVA analysis suggest that participants who saw more vaccine advertisements were more likely to be vaccinated.
DPD-based colorimetric quantification of free available chlorine (FAC) in floatation tank conditions
Authors: Ma Jeffrey H. , BCIT School of Health Sciences, Environmental Health  , Heacock Helen , Shaw Frederick
Published: September 2020

Background: Floatation tanks are quickly gaining traction as a form of relaxation, with numerous spas emerging in the Lower Mainland and beyond. The tanks are filled with a solution of magnesium sulphate, recycled between client uses. Thus, there exists a potential for microbiological contamination and subsequently, disease transmission. Health inspectors in BC may be involved the approval and inspection process for floatation tank spas; therefore, it is important to ensure that floatation tank environments are not a vehicle for disease. As a preventative measure, guidelines are in place for the halogenation of tank water at a level of 3-5 ppm free available chlorine (FAC). However, there is no standard method for the accurate and reliable quantification of FAC in high salinity environments. This study characterized the effect of high salinity on FAC readings from the HACH Pocket Colorimeter™, and derived a conversion factor to obtain an accurate reading for inspectors in the field. Methods: Floatation tank environments were simulated using USP-grade Epsom salts, Clorox™ bleach, and a hot water bath set at approximately 34°C (93°F). Assuming an initial concentration of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite, the bleach was serially diluted to obtain concentrations from 1-8 ppm. The final dilution step involved the addition of either 34°C water or an Epsom salt solution (MgSO4) at a specific density of 1.220 to create two solutions with identical amounts of bleach - one with and one without salt. The solutions were tested for chlorine two minutes later through the addition of DPD - a colorimetric dye that results with FAC - and measuring the colour intensity using the Pocket Colorimeter II. A percentage recovery was derived using the ratio between measured FAC with and without salt, Results: There was a statistically significant difference (p=0.05) between measured chlorine levels with and without salt as determined by a paired t-test. Further analysis via ANOVA and a post-hoc multiple comparison test (Scheffe's) indicated a dose-response relationship - increasing the amount of hypochlorite in an Epsom solution results in a statistically significant increase in measured FAC between the following groups: 1-2 ppm, 3-5 ppm, and 6-8 ppm of added hypochlorite. Linear regression revealed a strong correlation (0.97) between measured chlorine with and without salt. Conclusions: The HACH Pocket Colorimeter II™ can be used to estimate the amount of FAC in a floatation tank solution using a conversion factor of 0.79; to obtain an accurate measurement, divide the FAC reading in salt by 0.79
Assessing the exposure to formaldehyde of flooring installers during the installation of laminated flooring products
Authors: Lazouski Viktar , BCIT School of Health Sciences, Environmental Health  , Heacock Helen
Published: September 2020

Background: Formaldehyde is a volatile organic compound (VOC) present in resins that bind the wood fibre core of laminated flooring products. Installation of laminate flooring involves performing certain procedures that increase the chance of formaldehyde volatilizing into the atmosphere. Exposure to formaldehyde can lead to acute health effects such as watery eyes, nausea, skin irritation, wheezing, and even death. Formaldehyde is also classified as a probable carcinogen and long-term exposure, even at lower doses, may lead to the development of cancers such as leukemia and sinus cancer. Method: GASTEC formaldehyde 91D passive dositubes were used to quantify the concentrations of formaldehyde present at laminate flooring installation job-sites. The dositubes were worn by two installers who each completed 5 flooring installations over a 15-day period. Between the two installers, there were 3 jobs using Chinese-made laminate, 3 jobs using German-made laminate, and 4 jobs using Canadian-made laminate. A fresh dositube was attached to the belt or collar of each installer at the beginning of the work day and worn while the installer was present at the job-site. In total, 30 samples were collected to which conversion factors were applied to change the units from ppm-hours to an 8-hour time-weighted average TWA. Comparisons were made between Chinese-made, Canadian-made, and German-made laminates and the mean of all 30 readings was compared to the Operational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) 8-hour TWA standard of 0.75 ppm. Results: A one-sample T-test indicated that the mean concentration of formaldehyde that the test subjects were exposed did not exceed the 0.75 ppm TWA standard (p=0.000). Further analysis via ANOVA revealed that there was no statistical difference when comparing TWAs stemming from installation of Chinese-made, German-made, and Canadian-made laminate flooring (p = 0.200). Conclusion: Based on the results, it was concluded that flooring installers working for the Laminate Warehouse in Maple Ridge, BC, are not at risk of developing acute health effects from installing laminate flooring. However, the installers are still exposed to formaldehyde on a daily basis and chronic exposure could increase the risk of developing cancer. In addition, there was no observed relationship between origin of laminate flooring and levels of formaldehyde exposure.
Biological hazards associated with microblading and evaluation of its infection control procedures and wound care
Authors: Wong Emily , BCIT School of Health Sciences, Environmental Health  , Heacock Helen
Published: September 2020

Background: Microblading is emerging as one of the fastest growing beauty trends, appearing in tattoo shops, hair salons, and even in private home studios. The procedure uses a tool with single blade to penetrate the upper layer of the dermis and deposit semi-permanent pigments to mimic hair-like strokes. This study compares the risks of microblading to those in tattooing and analyzes the similarities in order to determine the biological hazards associated with microblading. Currently, there is a lack of knowledge on microblading practices specifically, and the purpose of this study was to evaluate the level of infection control knowledge and practices in place, as well as the attitudes towards regulations in British Columbia. Method: Self-administered electronic surveys created on Google Forms were distributed to microblading establishments in B.C. through email. The survey assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of microbladers in B.C. through a series of questions regarding demographics, infection control, and wound care. A list of 130 microblading establishments were contacted and asked to participate in the online survey. Results: Among the 130 microblading establishments contacted, 41 agreed to participate. The majority of microbladers had a college certificate or diploma, 1-5 years of experience, and have taken a bloodborne pathogen course. Over 31% of the participants operated both in microblading as well as permanent makeup, 27% operated solely as microbladers, and 22% of the participants had both microblading and spa operations. The most prevalent form of training was a microblading course that lasted a week or longer, and 78% of the participants felt that there should be more training required for becoming a microblader. There was no association between the years of experience and level of pathogen knowledge according to the Chi square test (p=0.78), and no association between the attitude towards regulations regarding microblading and the number of infection control measures in place (p=0.38). However, there was a statistically significant association between taking a bloodborne pathogen course and knowing the correct bloodborne pathogens of concern. Conclusion: Microbladers in British Columbia are fairly new and thus only have 1-5 years of experience, and minimal training of week-long microblading courses. A majority of them feel that more training or certification should be required and that there should be more regulations regarding microblading. The results indicated that education and training provide the most knowledge rather than years of experience. This suggests that health authorities should focus on providing more access to education for microblading, such as offering a TattooSafe program for tattooing microblading, and permanent makeup, similar to FoodSafe, and developing more material to inform microblading fact sheets.
Evaluating the effectiveness of cleaning with detergent soap alone verses detergent soap followed by sanitizer on reducing aerobic microorganism numbers that are present on food contact surfaces
Authors: Man Vincent , BCIT School of Health Sciences, Environmental Health  , Heacock Helen
Published: September 2020

Background: Cross-contamination is one of the leading causes of foodborne illness which poses a massive burden to an individual’s health and to the healthcare system. One way to prevent cross-contamination is through the elimination of pathogens from surfaces by properly washing with a detergent soap followed by sanitizing with a sanitizer. However, as found from a previous research study, not all restaurants in British Columbia wash and sanitize their food contact surfaces. Thus, this study aims to compare the cleaning effectiveness between using detergent soap alone verses using detergent soap followed by sanitizer. Methods: Aerobic organisms were introduced to a cutting board by cutting alfalfa sprouts and then the surface was cleaned with Dawn Detergent soap and sanitized with 200ppm of chlorine bleach sanitizing solution. 3M™ Quick Swabs were used to sample the aerobic organisms (colony forming units) prior to and after each method of cleaning. The swabs were then transferred to 3M™ Petrifilm Plates, incubated at room temperature for 4 days, and then enumerated. Results: The results show that there is a statistically significant greater microbial reduction through cleaning with detergent soap followed by sanitizer (mean log microbial reduction of 4.10) as compared to cleaning with detergent soap alone (mean log microbial reduction of 3.53). The p-value obtained is 0.003843 when α=0.05. The power was determined to be 92%. Conclusions: This study was able to conclude that cleaning with detergent soap followed by sanitizer is 0.57 log (mean log microbial reduction of 4.10 - mean log microbial reduction of 3.53) more effective at cleaning than using detergent soap alone. However, the specific log microbial reduction value for the detergent soap followed by sanitizer achieved in this study is lower than what is found in the previous studies (Gilbert, 1970; Sores et al., 2012; Rossvoll et al., 2015). A possible reason for this discrepancy may be due to the presence of soil and food debris on the surface which may have had interfered with the sanitizing ability of the chlorine bleach (Lee et al., 2007).
Adequacy of hand washing apples
Authors: Subamuralitharan Dwaaragan , BCIT School of Health Sciences, Environmental Health  , Heacock Helen , Shaw Frederick
Published: September 2020

Background: Foodborne illnesses linked to fresh produce has been on the rise in recent years. This increase in illnesses pose a massive burden to the healthcare system. One way to prevent this is through educating the public the importance of handwashing produce. There are many studies that have tested ways of washing and sanitizing fresh produce to reduce surface pathogens. However the average consumer mainly hand washes produce before consuming it. Thus this study intends to test the efficacy of hand washing by testing surface ATP on apples before and after they have been washed. Methods: Apples were purchased from the bulk section of a super market. ATP swabs were used to test the concentration of ATP on the surface of the apples. The values were recorded. All the apples were hand washed under running tap water for 15 seconds and the surface ATP concentration were obtained and recorded. The values were then compared to draw a conclusion. Results: The results show that there is statistically significant reduction in surface ATP values on apples after washing them (mean ATP value of 33.2) compared to before washing them (mean ATP value of 116.67). The p-value obtained was 0.00033 when α = 0.05. Conclusion: This study was able to conclude that there was a significant reduction in surface ATP values following handwashing of the apples. There was an observed 60% reduction in the mean values of ATP of before and after hand washing. In conclusion, hand washing apples do provide an adequate reduction of surface ATP values thus attaining surface cleanliness.
Measles awareness
Authors: Chu Jeremy , BCIT School of Health Sciences, Environmental Health  , Heacock Helen
Published: September 2020

Background Measles is a highly contagious disease which has been the cause of numerous epidemics and outbreaks worldwide. The introduction of the two-dose Mumps, Measles and Rubella (MMR) vaccine helped to reduce and eliminate the disease in various places and continues to be the most effective method of developing immunity against measles. However, due to high non-vaccination rates and low herd immunity, measles is becoming a serious public health issue again. Additionally, those born between 1970 to 1994 are more at risk of contracting measles because they may have only received one-dose of the MMR vaccine during that time, which is not sufficient to develop immunity. Due to the recent measles outbreaks in Vancouver, B.C, this project surveyed the public regarding their knowledge of measles and the MMR vaccination to determine if they are able to protect themselves from this disease. Methods An in-person survey was conducted at three institutions: British Columbia Institute of Technology (BCIT), University of British Columbia (UBC) and Douglas College. The first section of the survey gathered general information from the participant such as year of birth, country of birth, area of study and municipality of dwelling. The second section of the survey included various true or false and yes or no questions regarding measles, MMR vaccination and recent outbreaks. Results Thirty-four people participated in the study. Four factors were analyzed using the chi-square. There was no statistically significant association found between any of the factors, including, country of birth vs. vaccination status (p=0.3952), year of birth vs. vaccination status (p=0.2563), country of birth vs. knowledge of MMR (p=0.7903) and area of study vs. knowledge of MMR (p=0.9875). It is possible that due to small sample size, there was insufficient power to detect any associations. Conclusions Out of the 34 participants, 21 were vaccinated, 4 were not vaccinated and 9 had an unknown vaccination status. Although the chi-square tests showed no association between any of the factors, the descriptive data still shows that we’ve only achieved a herd immunity of slightly over 50% was achieved within our survey population, which is not high enough to protect against measles. This can be a great opportunity for health authorities to educate individuals who are vaccine hesitant or refuse to immu
So you think you can cook pot?
Authors: Cai Michael B. , BCIT School of Health Sciences, Environmental Health  , Heacock Helen
Published: September 2020

Background: With regulations on additional cannabis products including edibles being in the works, Canada is faced with a new layer of food safety challenges as the public becomes increasingly curious about adding cannabis into their diets. Knowledge in both food safety and edible safety is essential to prevent health hazards associated with edible cannabis products. Methods: An online self-administered survey was conducted on a British Columbia population. In addition to demographic data which also included cannabis usage, participants answered two knowledge tests on food safety and edible safety, respectively. The surveys were analyzed for differences in test scores between demographic groups. Results: Users of cannabis edibles have significantly higher knowledge in edible safety than non-users. This was not affected by the purpose or frequency of edible use. A slight positive correlation (0.18) between food safety knowledge and edible safety knowledge suggested the two topic areas to be mutually beneficial. In contrary, knowledge in food safety was not significantly different across all demographic groups. Conclusions: Non-users of cannabis edibles are more at risk of health hazards related to ingestion of cannabis edibles due to lower knowledge in this subject matter and eagerness to experience cannabis products after their legalization. Therefore, there is a need for education programs to help familiarize the public with these products. It is also recommended for the public to strengthen general food safety knowledge because all of it also applies when making edibles.
Can exposure to second-hand cannabis smoke be harmful?
Authors: Kaur Tegbir , BCIT School of Health Sciences, Environmental Health  , Heacock Helen
Published: September 2020

Background: Canada legalized the use of cannabis for recreational purposes in October 2018. To ensure public health and safety, the Cannabis Act was also introduced by the Government of Canada in 2018. This Act does not permit smoking cannabis in restricted areas. However, people still smoke in public places, thus, exposing the general public to second-hand cannabis smoke (SHCS). As cannabis is an emerging topic and the legalization of cannabis for recreational use is still recent, the long-term health effects of SHCS is unknown. However, the perceived immediate health impacts of SHCS can be examined to better understand its long-term health effects on human body. Methods: An online survey was conducted, targeting residents of British Columbia (Canada) with differing smoking status, gender, education level and age groups, to determine the differences in perceived immediate health impacts and/or concerns from exposure to SHCS. The survey consisted of sixteen questions divided into three sections, covering demographic information, exposure to SHCS and perceived immediate health impacts and/or concerns about SHCS. The data was analyzed using Chi-square tests. Results: A total of 159 participants took part in this survey. The results showed no associations between exposure to SCHS and perceived immediate health impacts. This could be due to the legalization of cannabis for recreational use being so recent. However, headaches, coughing, chest tightness and irritation to eyes are a few perceived immediate health impacts experienced by 41 out of 139 participants (30%) after exposure to SHCS. This study also found that age and place of exposure may not affect the likelihood of experiencing perceived immediate health impacts. However, females and cannabis non-users are more likely to experience perceived immediate health impacts compared to males and cannabis users, with p = 0.01 and 000003, respectively. Conclusion: The findings of this study identified a few perceived immediate health impacts associated with SHCS such as headaches, coughing, chest tightness and eye irritation. However, the study indicates that there is an inadequate scientific knowledge regarding the long-term health effects from exposure to SHCS as well as the variation in health effects among different age groups, gender, smoking status and place of exposure. As a result, precautionary steps should be taken now to minimize its ill-effects in future. The government should provide tools to aide researchers and health care professionals to conduct in-depth research on SHCS and its health effects. Moreover, initiatives should be taken to educate general public about cannabis smoke, its composition, associated health effects and legislation.
ANALISA PENYAKIT KECACINGAN, TINGKAT ASUPAN ZAT GIZI DENGAN KEJADIAN ANEMIA PADA ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR DI SD INPRES SEREH DISTRIK SENTANI KABUPATEN JAYAPURA
Authors: Iriyanti Sri , Gultom Marlin Paulina , Raya Maxianus Kopong
Published: September 2020

Latar belakang: Anak usia sekolah merupakan salah satu kelompok yang sering terkena anemia karena pada masa ini anak masih dalam masa pertumbuhan dan mempunyai aktifitas yang tinggi. Berdasarkan data Riskesdas 2007, prevalensi anemia pada anak < 14 tahun di Provinsi Papua sebesar 16,7 %, lebih tinggi dari prevalensi anemia nasional yaitu 14,8 %. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa penyakit kecacingan dan tingkat asupan zat gizi dengan kejadian anemia pada anak sekolah dasar di SD Inpres Sereh Distrik Sentani Kabupaten Jayapura.

Metode : Penelitian observasional analitik ini menggunakan rancangan Cross Sectional. Populasi adalah seluruh anak sekolah dasar di SD Inpres Sereh usia 9 â€“ 11 tahun di Distrik Sentani. Sampel sebanyak 64 orang yag dipilih dengan purposive sampling. Variabel bebas yang diteliti meliputi penyakit kecacingan dan asupan gizi (energi, protein, Fe, vitamin C). Variabel terikat yaitu kejadian anemia, yang ditentukan berdasarkan pemeriksaan kadar hemoglobin dengan metode cyanmethemoglobin. Data dianalisis dengan uji Chi-Square kemudian dilanjutkan dengan Regresi Logistik.

Hasil: Penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil prevalensi anemia anak sekolah dasar di SD Inpres Sereh Distrik Sentani sebesar 51,6 %. Hasil uji statistik dengan Chi-Square menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara asupan gizi; energi (p = 0,001), protein (p = 0,001), Fe (p = 0,004), vitamin C (p = 0,016) dengan kejadian anemia. Ada hubungan juga antara penyakit kecacingan (p = 0,000) dengan kejadian anemia pada anak sekolah dasar di SD Inpres Sereh Distrik Sentani.

Kesimpulan : Ada hubungan antara penyakit kecacingan dengan kejadian anemia (p = 0,000), asupan gizi ; energi (p = 0,001), protein (p = 0,001), Fe (p = 0,004), vitamin C (p = 0,016) dengan kejadian anemia pada anak sekolah dasar di Distrik Sentani Kabupaten Jayapura.

Kata kunci : Anak sekolah, Anemia, Asupan gizi, Kecacingan ,
Gambaran Pengetahuan Ibu Tentang Perkembangan Motorik Balita di PAUD Mawar, Darmokali Surabaya
Authors: Primihastuti Dianita
Published: September 2020

Ada beberapa balita yang mengalami keterlambatan perkembangan motorik. Hal ini dikarenakan ada beberapa ibu yang tidak mengetahui akan pentingnya perkembangan motorik pada balita. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengetahuan ibu tentang perkembangan motorik balita di PAUD Mawar, Darmokali Surabaya. Desain yang digunakan adalah deskriptif. Teknik pengambilan sample dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 30 responden. Sample dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 28 ibu yang mempunyai balita. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner. Analisa data dilakukan dengan menggunakan diagram pie. Hasil penelitian didapatkan pengetahuan baik sebanyak 14 responden (50%), pengetahuan cukup 12 responden (43%), pengetahuan kurang 2 responden (7%). Dapat disimpulkan pengetahuan ibu berada pada tingkat baik tetapi ada beberapa ibu yang berpengetahuan cukup dan kurang sehingga perlu dilakukan penyuluhan tentang perkembangan motorik pada balita sehingga keterlambatan perkembangan motorik tidak terjadi lagi.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Wus Dalam Memilih Kontrasepsi AKDK Di BPS Mien Hendro, Sidoarjo
Authors: Rhomadona Shinta Wurdiana
Published: September 2020

AKDK adalah Alat Kontrasepsi Dalam Kulit atau nama lainya susuk/Implant yang berbentuk tabung dimasukan dibawah permukaan kulit disebelah dalam lengan. Di indonesia penggunaan implant masih sedikit data menunjukan akseptor yang paling banyak adalah suntik sekitar 56,16 %, dan pil 30,19%, implant hanya 4,76%. Padahal banyak keuntungan yang akan diperoleh akseptor salah satunya jangka waktu yang panjang sehingga tidak perlu berulang kali datang ke pelayanan kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui gambaran karakteristik faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi akseptor dalam pemilihan alat konrasepsi implant di BPS Mien Hendro, Sidoarjo. Faktor yang mempengaruhi akseptor implant antara lain faktor pengetahuan, pendidikan, ekonomi,sarana dan prasarana. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif. Populasinya adalah 20 orang. Sampelnya 20 orang menggunakan teknik total sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuisioner, analisa data dengan tabel distribusi frekuensi. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa faktor pengetahuan berpengaruh dalam penggunaan alat kontrasepsi implant sebanyak 17 orang (85%), pendidikan sebanyak 13 orang (65%), ekonomi sebanyak 11 orang (35%), sarana dan prasarana sebanyak 20 orang (100%). Hal tersebut bisa dilihat bahwa faktor pengetahuan, pendidikan, ekonomi, sarana dan prasarana memberikan pengaruh seseorang dalam pemilihan alat kontrasepsi implant. Diharapkan bidan dapat meningkatkan promosi kesehatan tentang implant sesuai denganfaktor tersebut sehingga dapat meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat untuk mensukseskan program KB.
Hubungan Status Gizi Dan Frekuensi Menyusui Dengan Kelancaran ASI Pada Ibu Post Partum Di Puskesmas Sukorame Kediri
Authors: Ayunda Maqfiro Siska Nawang , Tyas Rina Wahyuning
Published: September 2020

Menyusui bayi di Indonesia sudah menjadi budaya namun praktik pemberian ASI masih jauh dari yang diharapkan. Status gizi ibu menyusui dan frekuensi menyusui merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kuantitas dan kualitas ASI. Masalah yang muncul yaitu masih banyaknya ibu yang mengalami ASI tidak lancar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan status gizi dan frekuensi menyusui dengan kelancaran ASI pada ibu post partum di Puskesmas Sukorame Kediri. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian analitik korelasi dengan jumlah populasi 102 dan jumlah sampel 37 responden. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis data mencakup analisis bivariat dengan uji spearman rho dengan α = 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara status gizi dengan kelancaran ASI, didapatkan ρ value = 0,043 dan α = 0,05 sehingga 0,043 < 0,05 dan ada hubungan antara frekuensi menyusui dengan kelancaran ASI, didapatkan ρ value = 0,000 dan α = 0,05 sehingga 0,000 < 0,05. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah status gizi dan frekuensi menyusui mempengaruhi kelancaran ASI, sebaiknya ibu harus memperhatikan status gizinya dan lebih sering menyusui bayinya untuk mendapatkan ASI yang maksimal.
PENGARUH SANITASI DI LINGKUNGAN TEMPAT TINGGAL TERHADAP KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA BALITA
Authors: Laili Ayik Nikmatul
Published: September 2020

Stunting merupakan gangguan pertumbuhan linier yang disebabkan oleh adanya malnutrisi asupan zat gizi maupun penyakit infeksi yang bersifat kronis. Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik dengan desain penelitian case control yang di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sumberjambe, Kasiyan dan Sumberbaru pada bulan September-Oktober 2017. Sampel penelitian sebesar 71 responden kasus dan 71 responden kontrol. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah ibu dari balita yang mengalami stunting dan tidak stunting dan bertempat tinggal di lokasi penelitian. Teknik sampling menggunakan cluster random sampling. Analisis data diolah menggunakan uji statistik regresi logistik tingkat signifikansi p < 0,05. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh sanitasi lingkungan tempat tinggal terhadap kejadian stunting dengan nilai p-value = 1,000. Sanitasi lingkungan di lokasi penelitian ini secara hampir secara keseluruhan mempunyai status buruk, baik sanitasi pada balita yang mengalami stunting maupun yang tidak stunting. Salah satu penyebab tidak adanya pengaruah yaitu dipengaruhi oleh faktor ketahanan pangan, kemungkinan anak dengan kondisi sanitasi lingkungan yang buruk mempunyai keluarga yang tahan pangan sehingga asupan nutrisi pada anak terpenuhi, hal ini yang menyebabkan anak tidak mengalami stunting. Saran yang dapat diberikan adalah diperlukannya kerjasama yang antar baik lintas sektoral dan masyarakat guna melakukan pengkajian ulang mengenai faktor penyebab lain dari kejadian stunting.
Gambaran Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Perkembangan Motorik Pada Balita Usia 4-5 Tahun Di Tk Siswa Harapan, Ciliwung - Surabaya
Authors: Rhomadona Shinta Wurdiana
Published: September 2020

Pendahuluan: Perkembangan anak yang optimal tergantung pada berkembangnya  kemampuan dan ketrampilan motorik, baik motorik kasar maupun halus. Namun tidak semua balita dapat berkembang seperti yang seharusnya, terkadang ada balita yang lambat atau menyimpang dari kemampuan yang seharusnya dimiliki pada tahapan usianya. Proses perkembangan motorik dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor yaitu motivasi belajar anak, pengetahuan ibu, lingkungan pengasuhan, teman sebaya, stimulasi, tingkat gizi. Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perkembangan motorik pada balita usia 4-5 tahun di TK Siswa Harapan Ciliwung Surabaya. Metode : Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode deskriptif korelatif dengan populasi balita usia 4–5 tahun beserta orang tuanya, yang berjumlah 20 orang. Sampel berjumlah 19 orang yang diambil menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik analisis data dengan menggunakan distribusi frekuensi dan tabulasi silang. Pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan kuisioner dan lembar DDST. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perkembangan motorik pada balita usia 4-5 tahun adalah faktor gizi, faktor lingkungan, dan faktor stimulasi. Sedangkan faktor yang tidak mempengaruhi adalah faktor pengetahuan. Disarankan pihak TK dapat bekerja sama dengan instansi kesehatan untuk meningkatkan peran orang tua dalam memantau perkembangan motorik pada balitanya.
GAMBARAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN REMAJA TENTANG PMS DI SMK MAHARDIKA SURABAYA
Authors: Intiyaswati Intiyaswati
Published: September 2020

Penyakit menular seksual mencerminkan definisi setiap mikroba yang ditularkan seseorang kepada orang lain melalui kontak yang dekat dan intim (spense). Dewasa ini kehidupan seks bebas telah merambat kekalangan kehidupan remaja sehingga banyak remaja yang terjangkit penyakit menular seksual dimana masa remaja adalah masa transisi antara masa kanak – kanak dengan dewasa dan relatif belum mencapai tahap kematangan mental dan sosial dengan adanya rasa ingin tahu yang tinggi remaja cenderung ingin mencoba tanpa didasari dengan pengetahuan yang cukup. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian “Deskriktif”. Tujuan penulis karya tulis ilmiah ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi gambaran tingkat pengetahuan remaja tentang penyakit menular seksual. Populasi yang di ambil adalah seluruh siswa – siswi SMK Mahardika Surabaya sejumlah 920 dan sampel 282 orang yang memenuhi kriteria. Metode sampling yang digunakan adalah Simpel Random. Data dikumpulkan dengan kuisioner. Hasil penelitian ini antara lain adalah pengetahuan remaja tentang PMS di SMK Mahardika Surabaya sebagian responden memiliki pengetahuan baik tentang PMS (Penyakit Menular Seksual) yaitu 150 orang (53%), yang berpengetahuan cukup sebanyak 111 orang (39%) dan yang terkecil responden berpengetahuan kurang sebanyak 20 orang (8%). Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan gambaran tingkat pengetahuan remaja tentang PMS di SMK Mahardika Surabaya sebagian memiliki tingkat pengetahuan baik yaitu 150 orang (53%). Oleh karena itu, diharapkan remaja yang sudah memiliki pengetahuan baik dapat mensosialisasikan kepada teman – temannya yang berpengetahuan cukup dan kurang dengan didampingi oleh guru atau tim kesehatan.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG MAKANAN PENDAMPING ASI (MP-ASI) DENGAN KEJADIAN DIARE PADA BAYI USIA 6-12 BULAN DI RW 06 TANGGULANGIN SIDOARJO
Authors: Dewi Erika Untari
Published: September 2020

Side dish of ASI is passed to food  baby / child beside ASI to fulfill its requirement of him. MP-ASI start to be passed to age 6-24 months and represent switchover food of ASI family food. Occurence of diarrhoea Most hit by child isdiarrhoea  have this 6-12 months age to represent child moments learn to eat other food and beverage beside irrigate mother milk. Meanwhile eaten by food is child possible contain many this germ cause intestine infection and child hit by diarrhoea. Diarrhoea caused by change at child food of mother milk water to child food start discipline. Target of this research  to know Relation Knowledge Of Mother About Food of Pendamping ASI (MP-ASI) With Occurence Of Diarrhoea At Baby Age 6-12 Months in RW 06TanggulanginSidoarjo. Desain which [is] used in this research  descriptive research. takenSampel counted 20 responder fulfilling criterion of inklusi. Sampling the used istotalizeing sampling. Pursuant to result of research which have can be concluded that timgkat knowledge of knowledgeable mother less counted 12 people that is ( 60%). Pursuant to result of research which have can be concluded that occurence of Diarrhoea Baby Age 6-12 Months in RW 06TanggulanginSidoarjoisoccurence have never 10 people (50%). Pursuant to result of research which have can be concluded that [Relation/Link] Knowledge Of Mother About Food of Pendamping ASI (MP-ASI) With Occurence Of Diarrhoea At Baby Age 6-12 Months in RW 06Tanggulangin Sidoarjo is there no relation
Hubungan Penerapan Asuhan Sayang Ibu Pada Persalinan Kala II Dengan Kejadian Robekan Jalan Lahir
Authors: Dwi Jayanti Baga Beatric Maria
Published: September 2020

Pendahuluan: Rupture perineum (robekan jalan lahir) biasa dapat berubah menjadi kasus rupture perineum dengan tingkat lebih berat dan penyebab terjadinya kejadian kematian pada ibu bersalin apabila penatalaksanaan tidak dilakukan dengan baik dan tanggap. Rupture perineum dapat terjadi secara spontan maupun buatan pada persalinan normal (pervaginam) pada ibu bersalin primigravida saat pengeluaran kepala bayi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis hubungan penerapan asuhan sayang ibu pada persalinan kala II dengan kejadian robekan jalan lahir di RSIA Kirana Sepanjang Sidoarjo. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian jenis observasional analitik dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Variabel independen asuhan sayang ibu, variabel dependen kejadian robekan jalan lahir, populasi sebanyak 35 ibu bersalin, sampel 31 ibu bersalin, instrument penelitian lembar observasi, analisis data exact fisher’s, α = 0,05. Hasil: 28 (32.3 %) ibu bersalin yang mendapatkan asuhan sayang ibu yang terdiri dari 7 (22.6 %) ibu bersalin mengalami robekan jalan lahir dan 21 (9.7%) ibu bersalin tidak mengalami robekan jalan lahir, sedangkan 3 (67,7%) ibu bersalin yang tidak mendapatkan asuhan sayang ibu semua mengalamirobekan jalan lahir. Dengan nilai probabilitas (p) = 0.027 dan ≤ α maka H0 ditolak, Hi diterima. Diskusi: Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan penerapan asuhan sayang ibu pada persalinan kala II dengan kejadian robekan jalan lahir, untuk itu perlu adanya komunikasi yang baik dan ramah bagi bidan dan pasien.
Gambaran Fungsi Seksual Wanita Menopause
Authors: Widjayanti Yhenti
Published: September 2020

Menopause merupakan kondisi normal yang dialami wanita seiring dengan pertambahan usia. Saat menopause, produksi hormon estrogen dan progesteron mulai berkurang dan menimbulkan gejala fisik dan psikis yang berakibat timbulnya disfungsi seksual. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan gambaran tentang fungsi seksual wanita menopause. Desain penelitian ini adalah deskriptif. Responden penelitian ini adalah 35 wanita menopause di RT 12 dan 13 RW VKelurahan Darmo Kecamatan Wonokromo Surabaya yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dikumpulkan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Variabel penelitian ini adalah fungsi seksual wanita menopause diukur dengan FSFI (Female Sexual Function Index). Hasil penelitian didapatkan lebih dari 50 % (51%) responden memiliki fungsi seksual baik dan 49 % memiliki fungsi seksual buruk. Kader kesehatan diharapkan dapat bekerjasama dengan Puskesmas dalammemberikan penyuluhan tentang upaya untuk mengatasi gejala menopause khususnya yang terkait dengan fungsi seksual bagi wanita menopause agar wanita menopause dapat memiliki fungsi seksual yang baik.
Pengaruh Fishing Game Terhadap Konsentrasi Anak Tunagrahita Di SLB C Alpha Wardahana Surabaya
Authors: Sari Ethyca , Natalia Eklesia
Published: September 2020

Gangguan kesehatan pada seorang anak salah satunya gangguan kesehatan yang mengalami hambatan dan perkembangan otak serta IQ yang dibawah rata-rata adalah anak Tunagrahita. Anak tunagrahita mengalami gangguan pada susunan saraf pusat dan mempunyai perhatian serta daya ingat yang lemah, konsentrasi yang mudah beralih, menyebabkan anak mengalami kesulitan menerima pelajaran atau mengikuti pembelajaran yang diberikan.Salah satunya tindakan yang dapat digunakan untuk anak tunagrahita yang mengalami gangguan konsentrasi adalah fishing game. Fishing game dapat meningkatkan konsentrasi anak Tunagrahita karena kegiatan bermain fishing game merupakan permainan yang mengunakan konsentrasi sehingga dalam memainkannya anak dilatih untuk berkonsentrasi agar dapat menyelesaikan permainan tersebut.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui ada pengaruh fishing game terhadap konsentrasi anak tunagrahita di SLB C Alpha Wardahan Surabaya. penelitian ini mengunakan pra-eksperimen group pra-post test desaign. Variable independen yaitu fishing game dan variable dependen yaitu konsentrasi pada anak tunagrahita. Populasi penelitian adalah anak Tunagrahita di SLB C Alpha Wardahan Surabaya yang mengalami gangguan konsentrasi sebanyak 10 orang dengan jumlah sample 10 orang. Tehnik pengambilan sample dengan cara total sampling. Instrumen penelitian mengunakan lembar observasi. Analisa data mengunakan uji wilcoxon. Fishing game dengan konsentrasi cukup 7 (70%) dan setelah dilakukan fishing game dengan konsentrasi sangat baik 4 (40%) diperoleh nilai p=0,005 sehingga terdapat pengaruh Fishing game terhadap konsentrsi anak tunagrahita di SLB C Alpha Wardahana Surabaya.Dilihat dari hasil penelitian ini maka fishing game dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu permainan untuk meningkat konsentrasi pada anak tunagrahita.
Perbandingan Pengukuran Tekanan Darah Pada Lengan Normal Dan Lumpuh Pada Penderita Stroke
Authors: Zuliani Zuliani , Rajin Mukhammad , Nisa Nurul Khoirun , Nurmalisyah Fitri Firranda
Published: September 2020

Tekanan darah terdiri dari tekanan sistol dan diastole. Stroke adalah gangguan otak yang disebabkan oleh proses patologis dalam sistem pembuluh darah otak. Stroke dapat menyebabkan berbagai defisit neurologis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk Perbandingan Pengukuran Tekanan Darah di Lengan Kiri dan Lengan Lumpuh pada Pasien Stroke.  Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian deskriptif. Populasi penelitian adalah pasien stroke yang memiliki parese di Rumah Sakit Mojowarno yang terdiri dari 45 responden yang dipilih menggunakan simple random sampling dan instrumen menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh Responden Gender sebagian besar laki-laki 30 orang (66%) dan berusia 61-70 tahun sebanyak 25 orang (56%) dan hampir setengah dari responden tingkat sekolah dasar sebanyak 22 orang (49%) dan sebagian besar pekerjaannya adalah pribadi sebanyak 27 orang (61%). Sedangkan pengukuran tekanan darah responden dengan rerata hand systole dengan nilai 145 dan rerata diastole dengan nilai 92, sedangkan rerata ekstremitas sistol dengan nilai 147 dan rerata diastole dengan nilai 94. Tidak ada perbedaan dalam hal ini. hasil pengukuran tekanan darah. antara sisi tangan normal dengan sisi parese tangan. Baik sisi normal dan sisi tangan yang parese memiliki peluang atau kemungkinan yang sama untuk menghasilkan hasil yang lebih tinggi atau lebih rendah. Hasil ini juga digunakan untuk membuktikan bahwa pengukuran tekanan darah di satu sisi tangan tidak dapat mewakili pengukuran di kedua tangan karena kelainan pembuluh darah dapat terjadi di mana saja baik di tangan kanan dan kiri, sehingga pemeriksaan hanya pada satu sisi tangan dapat menyebabkan buruk interpretasi hasil yang benar.
HUBUNGAN SELF-EFFICACY DENGAN KEPATUHAN MINUM OBAT ANTIRETROVIRAL (ARV) PADA PASIEN HIV-AIDS DI PUSKESMAS KOTA SORONG
Authors: Banna Triani , Pademme Dirgantari
Published: September 2020

HIV-AIDS yang menyerang sistem imun manusia membuat tubuh tidak mampu untuk sembuh dari penyakit oportunistik dan mengarah ke kematian. Angka kejadian HIV-AIDS terus meningkat, baik secara nasional maupun secara global. Salah satu upaya pengendalian yang dilakukan adalah pemberian obat antiretroviral (ARV). Namun, angka kepatuhan minum obat ARV pada pasien HIV-AIDS masih belum mencapai target sasaran keberhasilan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan self-efficacy dengan kepatuhan minum obat antiretroviral (ARV) pada pasien HIV-AIDS di Puskesmas Kota Sorong. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juni – Agustus 2019, terhadap 51 orang penderita HIV dan AIDS yang tergabung dalam kelompok dukungan sebaya (KDS) diambil dengan metode accidental sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 82.4% adalah perempuan, 84.3% berusia 17-45 tahun, 51% didiagnosa HIV antara 1-5 tahun, 94.1% pernah mendapatkan informasi tentang terapi ARV, dan 51% aktif dalam pertemuan KDS. Uji Fisher menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara self-efficacy dengan kepatuhan minum obat antiretroviral (ARV) pada pasien HIV-AIDS di Puskesmas Kota Sorong (p=0,004). Disarankan kepada Pembina KDS maupun tenaga kesehatan yang terlibat dalam pengobatan pasien HIV-AIDS agar meningkatkan self-efficacy pasien dengan memberikan informasi tentang pengobatan ARV, dan lebih meningkatkan keaktifan pasien dalam KDS.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN ORANG TUA DENGAN KEPATUHAN PENGOBATAN PADA ANAK PENDERITA TUBERCULOSIS (TBC) DI PUSKESMAS PERAK TIMUR SURABAYA
Authors: Sari Ethyca
Published: September 2020

Tuberculosis is a disease that is transmitted through the respiratory system that can attack at any age, especially at the age of children who experience decreased immune system and close contact with people with Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of parental knowledge with treatment adherence in children with tuberculosis. The method used in this study is to use a cross-sectional method. The population in this study was 15 with the number of samples used as research respondents was 15 respondents (parents). Sampling is done by Total Sampling. The research instrument used was a questionnaire, observation and interview. The results showed that as many as 9 respondents (60%) had a sufficient level of knowledge with compliant behavior. Analysis of data using the Spearman test and obtained a significance value (p) of 0.620 where p <0.05, which means there is no relationship between parental knowledge and medication adherence in children with tuberculosis. It can be concluded that there is no relationship between parental knowledge and treatment adherence in children with tuberculosis in Puskesmas Perak Timur Surabaya.With this research, it is expected to increase health knowledge, especially in children with tuberculosis in the Health Center in East Surabaya Surabaya by means of health education.