bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Debunking the Confusing Standards for Application of LWOPC in China
Authors: Saleem Hafiz Abdul Rehman , Mukhtar Hamid , Hashmi Muhammad Ahsan Iqbal
Published: April 2022

Life imprisonment without parole and commutation is a new punishment brought in Ninth Amendment in the 1997 Criminal Law. The sentencing criteria of the given punishment present a confusing matrix that cause dogmatic understanding of the application of the punishment. The article explores the analogies to debunk the puzzle of practical application of life imprisonment with parole and commutation in Chinese criminal justice system and critical address the deficiencies it contains to streamline it for better application and to meet the ends of justice.
Estimation of Heart Valves Velocity Value in Healthy Males by Using Doppler Echocardiography
Authors: A. Elkhader Bahaaedin
Published: April 2022

Objectives: To determine the velocity of heart valves’ flow in fit Sudanese males.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 160 men and the mean age was 44.2 years (mean age 44.2 ±9.7 years). Free from any heart problems. Different ultrasound modes were used in this survey.
Results: The healthy participant males, show standard normal limits of heart valves’ mean velocity. In comparison to previous studies, there was no difference in the detected values.
onclusion: The outcomes of the current survey indicate that the velocities of cardiac valves in Sudanese population correspond to those reported values in Western literature. So normal values of these Doppler parameters should be borne in mind for non-invasive cardiovascular function assessment.

Keywords: Echocardiography; Velocity values; Valves; Healthy Males; Heart.
Effect of Advertising, Price, and Trend in Fashion Product on the Consumerism Level of Overseas Students in the Management Study Program, Faculty of Economics, Universitas Prima Indonesia
Authors: Prasetyo Widodo Christian Victorius , Situmeang Rosinta Romauli , Chairani Dwi Rinanda
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this research is to find out and analyze effect of advertising, price, and trend in fashion product on the consumerism level of overseas students in the Management Study Program, Faculty of Economics, Universitas Prima Indonesia. This research uses descriptive quantitative. The population in this study was 2,489. In this research, sampling is using simple random sampling. Based on the slovin formula, the sample is 344. Due to the large number of samples, we will conduct a random sample test of 100 overseas students against the existing population. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis. The results show that advertising has a positive and significant effect on consumerism level. Price has a positive and significant effect on consumerism level. Trend has a positive and significant effect on consumerism level.

Keywords: Advertising, Price, Trend, Consumerism Level.
Erfahrungen mit Achtsamkeit in der Schule
Authors: Nader Michael , Schirgi Susanne
Published: April 2022

Professionelles Lehrerinnen*innenhandeln inkludiert seit langer Zeit den verantwortungsvollen Umgang mit (humanen) Ressourcen, sowohl auf inter-, als auch auf intrapersoneller Ebene. Eine mögliche Theorie, diese Nachhaltigkeit im schulischen Alltag zu sichern ist die Praxis der Achtsamkeit,, welche bereits seit über zwei Jahrtausenden Teil der buddhistischen Traditionen Asiens bekannt ist. In den vergangenen Jahren haben Achtsamkeitskonzepte nun auch Einzug in die institutionellen pflichtschulischen Einrichtungen gefunden. Das projektierte Forschungsprojektvorhaben im Kontext des Forschungsschwerpunktes der KPH Wien/Krems zu den SDGS soll erheben, welche Konzepte und Erfahrungen Primarstufenstudierende von dieser Theorie haben und wie Sie gedenken, diese in ihren zukünftigen Unterricht einfließen zu lassen.
Co-Enrollment in Österreich
Authors: Kramreiter Silvia , Gitschthaler Marie , Fenkart Lydia , Paier Almuth , Wachter Andreas
Published: April 2022

Im Zentrum des Forschungsprojektes steht das bilinguale Schulmodell Pfeilgasse, das vor 10 Jahren in Wien gegründet wurde. Die Pfeilgasse bietet eine inklusive Lernumgebung, in der taube und gebärdensprachige sowie hörende Schüler*innen über den gesamten Pflichtschulbereich hinweg gemeinsam lernen – arrangiert über vielfältige Unterrichtsmethoden, Lernmaterialien und Medien.

Darüber hinaus zeichnet sich die Pfeilgasse durch ein diverses Lehrer*innenteam aus, in dem hörende und taube Lehrende den Unterricht gemeinsam planen, durchführen und in beiden Sprachen (ÖGS und Deutsch) gleichwertig kommunizieren und lehren.
Stärkt die Direktvermarktung die ökonomische und soziale Nachhaltigkeit in der österreichischen Landwirtschaft?
Authors: Kirner Leopold
Published: April 2022

Der vorliegende Beitrag prüft die ökonomische und soziale Nachhaltigkeit der Direktvermarktung auf Ebene von Einzelbetrieben. Die Datengrundlage liefern 16 Buchführungsbetriebe im Rahmen des Grünen Berichts, die mit Hilfe der Betriebszweigabrechnung auf Vollkostenbasis ausgewertet wurden. Zur Analyse der sozialen Aspekte wurden die Betriebsleiterinnen und Betriebsleiter zu ihren Erfahrungen und Erfolgsfaktoren in der Direktvermarktung qualitativ befragt. Die Betriebe erwirtschafteten im Durchschnitt ein Einkommen von rund 10.600 € aus der Direktvermarktung, als Einkommensbeitrag pro Stunde errechneten sich etwa 14 €. Das kalkulatorische Betriebszweigergebnis in der Direktvermarktung war positiv, somit konnten alle Kosten durch Leistungen gedeckt werden, was in der Urproduktion der betreffenden Betriebe bei weitem nicht gelang. Die Aussagen der Landwirtinnen und Landwirte erlauben tierergehende Einblicke in die Direktvermarktung und verweisen auf eine große Vielfalt bei der Umsetzung. Die Interviewten bekunden eine große Zufriedenheit mit der Direktvermarktung und der überwiegende Anteil von ihnen möchte diese in der Zukunft weiterführen. Als größte Herausforderung wurde die Arbeitsbelastung identifiziert, wobei diese in vielen Betrieben den weiteren Ausbau dieses Betriebszweigs einbremst.
Scientific Monitoring Hochschullehrgang DaZ
Authors: Müller Beatrice
Published: April 2022

Zur Weiterbildung von Lehrkräften für den Umgang mit sprachlicher Diversität in der Schule wird mit dem Studienjahr 2021/22 an der KPH Wien/Krems ein Hochschullehrgang angeboten. Das Forschungsprojekt dient der wissenschaftlichen Begleitung und inhaltlichen Evaluation des Hochschullehrgangs “Deutsch als Zweitsprache Basis” für Primarstufe. Die Teilnehmer:innen des Lehrgangs sind aktive Mitgestalter:innen des Hochschullehrgangs. Dieses zukunftsweisende Format zur Gestaltung von Hochschullehrgängen soll eine nachhaltige und praxisnahe Möglichkeit zur Gestaltung der Fort- und Weiterbildung aufzeigen.
Nachhaltigkeit und Medienbildung im Lehramt Primarstufe
Authors: Grünberger Nina , Himpsl-Gutermann Klaus , Tratberger Petra , Szucsich Petra
Published: April 2022

Die inhaltliche Verknüpfung von Themen wie Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung (BNE), Globales Lernen und Medienbildung liegt nicht nur thematisch auf der Hand, sondern wird auch politisch gefordert (vgl. bspw. WBGU 2019). Da schulischer und hochschulischer Bildung diesbezüglich eine Verantwortung zukommt (vgl. bspw. Grünberger, 2020; Demmler & Schorb, 2021), gilt es auch Studierende des Lehramtsstudiums in die genannten Themenfelder einzuführen, „Diskursarenen“ zu schaffen (vgl. WBGU 2019, S.17) sowie didaktisch-praktische Anregungen (vgl. Rieckmann, 2021) zur Vermittlung der Themen anzubieten. Im Rahmen des Schwerpunkts „Medienbildung und Informatische Grundbildung“ (80 ECTS) der PH Wien wird dies auf unterschiedlichen Ebenen geleistet, die mit diesem Poster beschrieben werden.
Kinderrechte im digitalen Raum
Authors: Gabriel Sonja
Published: April 2022

Die weit verbreitete Nutzung digitaler Medien durch Kinder und Jugendliche führte dazu, dass die Kinderrechte auch auf den digitalen Raum erweitert wurden. Diese Erweiterung bezieht sich einerseits darauf, dass Minderjährige das Recht auf Information und Unterhaltung im virtuellen Raum haben und andererseits darauf, den Schutz vor zahlreichen Gefahren zu gewährleisten. Nach einer inhaltlichen Annäherung an die Kinderrechte im digitalen Raum, geht dieser Beitrag speziell auf die Altersgruppe der 6- bis 10-Jährigen ein und diskutiert, welche Anknüpfungspunkte es im Lehrplan der Volksschule bzw. im Kompetenzmodell digi.komp4 sowie in diversen frei erhältlichen Unterrichtsunterlagen für die Volksschule (z.B. von saferinternet.at) gibt. Die Analyse der genannten Dokumente zeigt auf, dass in diesen durchaus für den Unterricht in der Volksschule zahlreiche Anknüpfungspunkte zu den Kinderrechten im digitalen Raum vorhanden sind. Argumentiert werden soll aber auch, dass eine (digitale) Medienbildung unerlässlich ist, um Kindern bereits in der Volksschule ausreichend Handlungsoptionen zu vermitteln, damit sie selbstbestimmt mit den Potentialen und Gefahren der digitalen Welten umgehen können.
'Klimafitte Schule'
Authors: Holzwieser Michael
Published: April 2022

Das Anthropozän als kultureller Ansatz der Bildung für Nachhaltigen Entwicklung (BNE) fordert landwirtschaftliche Schulen heraus, nach den didaktischen Prinzipien der Grünen Pädagogik  (z.B. Subjektorientierung, Exemplarizität, Partizipation und Transdisziplinarität) Bildung neu zu sehen: Ganzheitlich, nachhaltige Probleme beachtend, Schulteam, Eltern und ländliche Betrieben einbeziehend, Region mitgestaltend. Klimabildung hat zudem eigene Propria. Im Schulentwicklungsberatungskonzept „Klimafitte Schule“ werden daher mit Energieberatung einerseits und mit Schulkultursensibilität andererseits die Schüler/innen mit dem Schulteam gewachsene Identität wertschätzen (als Nachhaltigkeitswert) und Richtung Klimafreundlichkeit weiterentwickeln. Einerseits in Literaturarbeit wurden Klimabildung und Schulkultur und andererseits Nachhaltigkeitswerte qualitativ erforscht.
Lehrveranstaltungen unter der Lupe
Authors: Drexler Esther
Published: April 2022

Zwei naturwissenschaftlich orientierte Lehrveranstaltungen an der Pädagogischen Hochschule Wien wurden hinsichtlich der Schwerpunkte Nachhaltigkeit, Umwelt- und Klimaschutz sowie Entwicklungsziele (SDGs) evaluiert. Nachgefragt wurde außerdem die Anwendung und Umsetzbarkeit der Themen im Unterricht.
Ein Jahr zu Hause
Authors: Krottenauer Gerhard , Roszner Sybille , Sobanski Florian , Völker Bendikt
Published: April 2022

Im Rahmen zweier Umfragen zur virtuellen Lehre im Sommersemester 2020 und Wintersemester 2020/21 untersucht die Pädagogische Hochschule Wien die Frage, inwieweit die Umstellung der Hochschullehre auf virtuelle Formate sowohl für Lehrende als auch für Lernende gelingt. Während in der Auswertung der ersten Umfrage die technisch-didaktische Perspektive im Vordergrund stand, fokussiert die vorliegende Interpretation der Aussagen der zweiten Umfrage vor allem auf soziale, kommunikative und motivationale Aspekte des weiterhin den Hochschulalltag bestimmenden Distance Learnings. Dabei fällt auf, dass sowohl die positiven als auch die negativen Einschätzungen der mit dem Distance Learning einhergehenden Phänomene von Lehrenden wie Lernenden großteils ähnlich bewertet werden.
Nachhaltigkeit im Kontext von Ausbildung und Kunstunterricht
Authors: Schweiger Christina
Published: April 2022

Die These, dass Kunstunterricht für Lehr-Lernarrangements zur Nachhaltigkeit geeignet ist, wurde empirisch überprüft und Studierende an der PH NÖ zu ihren Einschätzungen von Nachhaltigkeit im Kontext von Ausbildung, Digitalisierung, bildenden Kunst und Kunstunterricht befragt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Nachhaltigkeit für sie eine wichtige Rolle spielt, sie den Begriff entsprechend gut verorten können und dem Themenkomplex einen größeren Stellenwert in ihrer Ausbildung einräumen würden. Für den Kunstunterricht wird das als klarer Auftrag verstanden und die Nachhaltigkeitskonzepte für Werke bildender Kunst und die bildnerische Praxis weiter vorangetrieben. Ziel ist eine Sammlung an praktikablen Themenvorschlägen zur Nachhaltigkeit unter kompetenzorientiertem Vorzeichen.
Möglichkeitsräume für eine Pädagogik der Nachhaltigkeit
Authors: Wiesner Christian , Michael Gebauer
Published: April 2022

Der vorliegende Beitrag greift bestehende Naturkonzepte als Weltanschauungen auf und zeigt auf Basis von bindungstheoretischen Überlegungen, wie innere Arbeitsmodelle entstehen, die jeweils ein spezifisches Verständnis von Natur fördern und formen. Dabei kann aufgezeigt werden, dass die jeweiligen Konfigurationen von Naturkonzepten eng und tief verbunden sind mit den jeweiligen personalen und kulturellen Bindungs- und Beziehungsstilen. Zur Klärung der Phänomene wird das Organon-Modell herangezogen, wie auch die Bindungstheorie und die kulturtheoretischen Analysen zur Biophilie. Auf Grundlage der phänomenologischen Herangehensweise in Verbindung mit der Gestaltwahrnehmung können Modelle entstehen, die die Verknüpfung im Sinne einer Konnektivierung von vielfältigen Phänomenen gestattet. Der Beitrag schließt mit einem Verweis darauf, dass das menschliche Subjekt sich stets selbst miteinbezieht und mitreflektiert, sobald es über den eigenen Bezug zur Welt nachdenkt, nachspürt und nachsinnt.
Wege junger Migrant*innen im Bildungssystem
Authors: Zarhuber Karl Johannes , Braunsteiner Maria-Luise
Published: April 2022

Das Poster präsentiert die bisherigen Ergebnisse einer qualitativen Studie, die an der PH NÖ in Kooperation mit der LIU NY durchgeführt wurde und zum Ziel hatte, Erkenntnisse über Erfahrungen und Strategien zu gewinnen, die zur erfolgreichen schulischen und sozialen Integration/Inklusion junger Migrant*innen in niederösterreichischen Schulen beitragen können (Europäische Kommission/EACEA/Eurydice, 2019, S. 9.) Im ressourcenorientierten Ansatz der Studie wurden für die Datenerhebung neun Gruppendiskussionen (Ager and Strang, 2004, McLeroy et al., 1988, 2003) mit Schüler*innen der Sekundarstufe (mit/ohne Migrationshintergrund aus verschiedenen Schularten), Schulabgänger*innen, Lehrer*innen, Eltern und der Schulaufsicht durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse der Studie werden mit Schüler*innen und Pädagog*innen der ursprünglichen Gruppendiskussionen erörtert, um daraus Maßnahmen für die  Aus-, Fort- und Weiterbildung von Pädagog*innen und für Schulgemeinschaften zu entwickeln.
#Sozialpädagogik meets Nachhaltigkeit lernen
Authors: Zechner Kerstin Angelika , Wiesner Christian
Published: April 2022

Unter Berücksichtigung vielseitiger Aspekte und Mehrfachbelastungen, die auf Kinder und Jugendliche wirken, verlangt eine Pädagogik der Naturerziehung und -bildung eine besondere Förderung und ein Erfahren-Können von emotionalen Kompetenzen sowie die Unterstützung von affektiven und sozialen Lernprozessen. Der vorliegende Beitrag führt zunächst in die umfassende Idee der Bewältigungsfähigkeit ein, die mit der inklusiven Umweltbindung verbunden wird und woraus als Appell ableitbar ist, dass Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung (BNE) auf ein lebenslanges Lernen ausgerichtet sein muss.  Das soziale Lernen und die Persönlichkeitsbildung sind mit Bezug auf die Naturpädagogik und Umweltbildung/-erziehung in den österreichischen Grundsatzerlässen wiederzufinden, dabei wird ein altersgemäß konkretes Erleben, Reflektieren, Erfahren und Handeln eingefordert. Diese Zielbilder können nur durch die Förderung von Emotionen, Selbstwirksamkeit, Selbst-Wirkkräftigkeit und Empathie ins Leben gebracht werden, daher erscheint eine Klärung dieser Konstrukte und Ideen notwendig. Aus den Klärungen heraus entwickelt der Beitrag zentrale Ansätze für eine Förderung und möchte damit aufzeigen, wie eine Bewältigungsfähigkeit auch und vor allem in Beziehung mit der Naturpädagogik und der BNE ausgebildet werden kann.
Förderung nachhaltiger Lebensstile mittels wertebezogener Verbesserung des subjektiven Wohlbefindens durch Online-Lehre
Authors: Hopf Norbert , Paschold Lara
Published: April 2022

Die Suffizienzstrategie, als eine Möglichkeit nachhaltigen Handelns, verweist auf den positiven Zusammenhang zwischen Selbstbestimmung und subjektivem Wohlbefinden. Wegen der darüber hinaus vorhandenen Bedeutung der Selbstbestimmung für Bildungsprozesse und dem pandemiebedingten Wechsel von Präsenz- zur Online-Lehre, wird in der hier vorgestellten Studie erstmals empirisch untersucht, ob und wie sich nachhaltige Lebensstile mittels einer wertebezogenen Verbesserung des subjektiven Wohlbefindens durch Online-Lehre fördern lassen. Hierzu wurden im Zeitraum von Juni bis Juli 2021 98 Studierende der Hochschule für Agrar- und Umweltpädagogik (HAUP) mit einem Online- Fragebogen (in Kombination mit einem standardisierten Wertefragebogen) schriftlich befragt. Die Analyse der ausgewerteten Daten zeigte, dass die pandemiebedingte Umstellung von Präsenz- auf Online-Lehre – bei den sicherheitsorientierten Studierenden – einen Beitrag zur Verbesserung ihres subjektiven Wohlbefindens leisten konnte. Argumentativ konnte daraus auch ein damit einhergehendes nachhaltigeres Verhalten abgeleitet werden. Allerdings bleibt dieser Zusammenhang eine Forschungslücke, die über eine hypothesenprüfende Studie zu schließen ist.
Erwerb von schriftlicher Erzählkompetenz lernförderlich begleiten
Authors: Sieberer Elisabeth
Published: April 2022

Der Erwerb einer adäquaten Schreibkompetenz ist in einer schriftsprachlich geprägten Kultur unabdingbar, um ein selbstbestimmtes Leben führen zu können. Die Vermittlung derselben wird als Aufgabe der Schule angesehen. Als effektiv für den Erwerb von Schreibkompetenz hat die Schreibforschung die Vermittlung von Schreibstrategien in Kombination mit selbstregulativen Kompetenzen erkannt, eine Implementation dieser Konzepte erweist sich als Herausforderung. Ein Projekt der Pädagogischen Hochschule Niederösterreich zum Erwerb von schriftlicher Erzählkompetenz in der Primarstufe setzt sich mit der Vermittlung von Erzählstrategien und der Förderung selbstregulativer Kompetenzen beim Schreiben auseinander. Eine Intervention im Regelunterricht gibt Aufschlüsse darüber, welche Strategien durch ein Trainingsprogramm nachhaltig vermittelt werden. Im Fokus stehen dabei die Förderung erster selbstregulativer Handlungen beim Schreiben und der Erwerb von textspezifischen Schreibstrategien zum Erzählen. Der Beitrag gibt einen kurzen Einblick in das Projekt.
Procurement and maintenance of facilities and infrastructure in inclusive schools
Authors: Fertika Dwi Yoswita , Sowiyah Sowiyah , Hariri Hasan
Published: April 2022

Inclusive education ensures that students with mental and physical disabilities have equal access to regular schooling alongside their peers. Inclusive education aims to reduce prejudice toward children with disabilities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the planning, procurement, and maintenance of SMAN 14 Bandar Lampung's facilities and infrastructure. A descriptive qualitative method was adopted in this study, and data were collected from the school principal, vice-principal for student affairs, vice-principal for curriculum and academic affairs, vice-principal for facilities and infrastructure, vice-principal for public relations, school teachers, students' parents, students, and stakeholders. Observation, interviews, and document studies were used to collect data. The findings indicated that the provisions were used to procure and maintain the school's facilities and infrastructure. Routine, periodic, preventive, and repressive maintenance of facilities and infrastructure is performed, with procurement of facilities and infrastructure occurring once a year.  Finally, the procurement and maintenance of infrastructure at the school under investigation were carried out in accordance with the plan established under existing provisions. Schools must maintain the quality of their facilities and infrastructure in order to remain operational.
China-Pakistan Strategic Partnership and India’s Regional Ambitions in South Asia
Authors: Author Asia Maqsood
Published: April 2022

Post-9/11 dynamic global political developments and the growing Indo-US strategic partnership has compelled Pakistan to seek strategic partnership with China and geared at maintaining the balance of power in South Asia. India is maximising its resources under the umbrella of Indo-US strategic partnership and working with the US on various sectors such as security, defence and energy to pursue its aspirations to be a regionally dominant power and to possess a blue water navy. Pakistan unaided and alone cannot counterbalance India’s regional ambitions. Thus, Pakistan with China established a strategic partnership to counter India’s hegemonic ambitions in the South Asian region. This paper will raise some questions about the latest contours of this partnership. Prime amongst them is: what kind of role is this partnership playing in South Asia? The paper argues that a China-Pakistan strategic partnership built around the development of Gwadar Port and the China Pakistan Economic Corridor is playing the role of a balancer against India’s regional ambitions in South Asia. India has some serious security concerns about these mega development projects apprehending their geostrategic importance not only for both countries but also for the entire region. A neo-realist theoretical approach is used to describe both countries ‘strategic partnership’ in this paper. The paper further argues that India’s claim that the corridor route passes through the disputed territory of Northern Pakistan will not stop China and Pakistan from continuing the project.
Subtractive Proteomics Supported with Rational Drug Design Approach Revealed ZINC23121280 as a Potent Lead Inhibitory Molecule for Multi-drug Resistant Francisella tularensis
Authors: Javed Naima , Ahmad Sajjad , Raza Saad , Azam Syed Sikander
Published: April 2022

Francisella tularensis is a Gram-negative bacterium and is the etiological agent of taluremia. The prolonged use of antibiotics is the reason for pathogen resistance to antibiotics such as beta-lactams and macrolides. This leads to the search to explore novel drug targets for F. tularensis to inhibit its growth. Subtractive proteomics revealed Glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase (G1PTT) as the most promising protein as a drug target. A pharmacophore model was generated for virtual screening of a druglike library comprised of 1,000,000 drug molecules. Based on a pharmacophore-based search, a set of 152 compounds was predicted as the most potent inhibitors against this enzyme. The screened hits were docked with the target enzyme; which unveiled ZINC23121280 as the best-docked inhibitor having Autdock Vina binding energy of -7.2 kcal/mol and the GOLD score of 64.06. Moreover, the timedependent dynamic behavior of the complex was analyzed using Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation studies that revealed a stable system with a Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) average value of 2.25 Å and Root Mean SquareFluctuations (RMSF) of 1.16 Å. Radial Distribution Function (RDF) predicted strong hydrogen interactions between the ligand and Trp221 from the enzyme active pocket. The higher affinity of the antagonist for the enzyme was further supported by Molecular Mechanics Energies combined with the Poisson–Boltzmann and Surface Area (MMPBSA) and or Generalized Born and Surface Area (MMGBSA) with the estimated binding free energy of −1.07 kcal/mol and −29.59 kcal/mol, respectively. Findings from this present computational framework may provide the foundation for future drug discovery against F. tularensis.
Productive Use of Natural Resources for Promotion of Horticultural Crop Production through Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting in Rain-Fed Hilly Areas of Punjab
Authors: Hussain Abid , Majeed Sidra , Z. Khan Muhammad , Farooq Waqas
Published: April 2022

Rainfall variability often results in low crop and fruit productivity in rain-fed hilly areas. Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting (RTWH) Technology can play a promising role in achieving agricultural production potential in these areas. Its adoption makes the supply of water sustainable for vegetables, fruit, and crop farming as well as domestic use. According to key informants, RTWH is being adopted in the study area on technical lines since the early 1990s. However, the availability of literature about economic aspects of the technology in the context of Pakistan is quite limited. This study is an effort to document the economic aspects of the technology including cost structure, potential benefits, net returns, and returns on investment. Thus, the study is based on a purposively selected sample of thirty farmers from Kotli Sattian and Murree tehsils of Rawalpindi district having operational RTWH systems installed at farms. The data have been analyzed for descriptive statistics and financial evaluation. Moreover, technical discussions with key informants and a detailed review of literature have also been made to substantiate the findings of the study. In the study area, farming families have diversified income sources with a considerably low share of agriculture in family income (19.5%). The mean command area of the RTWH systems at sample farms was 0.33 acres, which is allocated to different vegetables, and mainly to guava & citrus orchards. Benefit-cost ratios of vegetables and fruit farming through RTWH is 1.16, with returns on investment of 15 %, and a rate of return to labour of 0.95 in the first year of installation. Thus, technology is economically viable in the study area. Moreover, the financial gains of RTWH can be improved by enhancing storage capacity and increasing the command area.
Hydrophobic Drug Release Studies from the Core/Shell Magnetic Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles and their Anticancer Application
Authors: Hussain Amina
Published: April 2022

Multiple therapeutic hydrophobic drugs can be delivered simultaneously by inorganic, biocompatible iron core mesoporous silica shell nanoparticles. We synthesized superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocrystals encapsulated within mesostructured silica spheres through the sol-gel process. The dose of hydrophobic drugs Paclitaxel (PTX) and Camptothecin (CPT) loading and released on Fe3 O4 @SiO2 core/shell nanoparticle detected by U.V-visible spectrophotometry using a platform of nanoparticles (NPS). After being subjected to external heating, the drug release efficiency of paclitaxel (PTX) and camptothecin (CPT) Fe3 O4 @SiO2 core/shell nanoparticles is increased. Paclitaxel (PTX) and Camptothecin (CPT) Fe3 O4 @SiO2 core/shell nanoparticles did not heat the solution when an alternating magnetic field (AMF) was applied, and there was only mild drug leakage. When  compared to Fe3 O4 @MSNs, the nanoparticles (PTX) and (CPT) Fe3 O4 @MSNs function as cancer-targeting mediators, increasing the killing of PANC-1 cancer cells. Human cancer cells were given these therapeutic anticancer water-insoluble drugs with nanoparticles, which is a valuable vehicle for drug delivery, and induced the inhibition of proliferation. Therefore, the goal of this study to emphasize Fe3 O4 @SiO2 core/shell potential as a superior candidate for hydrophobic drug delivery to the PANC-1 cancer cell.
Estimation of Combining Ability in F2 Hybrids of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes
Authors: Abro Tanweer Fatah , Rajput Asim Ali , Sootaher Jay Kumar , Shar Piar Ali , Chang Muhammad Saleem , Naeem Muhammad , Siyal Ayaz Latif , Siyal Farhana Hayat , Menghwar Kirshan Kumar , Baloch Amanullah , Keerio Azizullah , Vistro Muneer Ahmed
Published: April 2022

The seed of 6 parental cultivars along with 15 F2 Hybrids of hexaploid wheat was planted in randomized complete block design with three replications 6 x 6 half diallel during 2016-2017 sat Southern Wheat Research Station, ARI, Tandojam, Sindh, Pakistan. Mean squares due to General Combining Ability (GCA) and Specific Combining Ability (SCA) variances were highly significant and significant for all morphological traits. It was noticed that additive, as well as nonadditive genes, were there for GCA and SCA. SCA variances were observed greater than those of GCA variances for five traits (PH, TPP, SL, SPS, GYPP) displaying the predominance of nonadditive genes, for some of the characters, nonetheless, GCA variances were more for the rest of the characters (GPS, TGW). Parental cultivars such as Khirman displayed maximum positive and desirable GCA effects for spike length and grains spike-1, Hamal for tillers plant-1 and spikelets spike-1 and Benazir and NIA-Sarang for grain yield plant-1 and seed index. On the other hand, Hamal and NIA-Sarang equally distributed negative, but desirable GCA effects for plant height. The SCA estimates revealed that Sindhu x Hamal manifested maximum positive estimates for spike length and grain yield plant-1, whereas Benazir x Sindhu was found as the best specific combiner for spikelets spike-1 and seed index, Benazir x Khirman and Benazir x NIA-Sarang for tillers plant-1 and grains spike-1. These F2 hybrids may be the best choice as a breeding material for hybrid crop development to improve yield characters. Therefore, it may be possible to take advantage of better general and specific combiners to further selection for the development of a hybrid variety of wheat which can assist to enhance the total production in Pakistan.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Remdesivir: A COVID-19 Vaccine
Authors: Hassan Waseem , Ara Amina
Published: April 2022

In October 2020, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved remdesivir (RDV) for the treatment of COVID-19. This motivated us (a) to perform its bibliometric analysis and (b) to acknowledge the significant contribution of all researchers throughout the world. On 7th May 2021, we extracted the data from the Scopus database. Total documents were 3277, but we only analyzed 1496 articles and 1066 reviews. In all publications (n=2562), 13215 authors, 9854 departments, and 127 countries have significantly contributed. Based on Vosviewer analysis we presented the co-authorship network. Total citations for 2562 documents were 55366. The citation breakup for all documents is provided. The number of publications sources or journals was 1156. We also performed a bibliometric analysis of the top one hundred (n=100) most cited documents. Based on bibliometrix (biblioshiny) analysis, the local and global citations of one hundred documents are provided. These (100) documents are published in 73 sources. The citation details (h and g-indexes) are provided for all sources. By Lotka’s law, we presented the frequency distribution of the productivity of authors. To describe the focus of these 100-documents, we performed the co-words analysis of titles. By biblioshiny, we presented the main focus as a thematic map and by Vosviewer, we highlighted the main co-words that appeared in the titles of the manuscripts. In this report, we bibliometrically covered 2562 publications from 2019 to May 2021.
Practices, Attitudes and Knowledge of COVID-19 among the University Students of LCWU, Lahore
Authors: Sharif Saima , Ditta Naila Allah , Naz Shagufta , Manzoor Farkhanda
Published: April 2022

The primary goal of this study was to analyze COVID-19-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices among Lahore College for Women University students (LCWU). Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among LCWU students. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire and processed using a Google Form. The data was analyzed statistically. Results: The total number of responses received was 114. According to our research, 98 percent of respondents were familiar with COVID-19, with 51.8 percent receiving information via social media. 68.4 percent thought the virus was contagious, 95.60 percent thought it was spread by respiratory droplets, and 24.8 percent thought the elderly and children were at risk. 93.9 percent of participants were aware of social/physical distancing and believed that it could help to prevent infection, 95.5 percent believed that cough and fever could be signs and symptoms of COVID-19, and 106 (93 percent) claimed that staying at home could help to prevent the disease from spreading. Conclusion: It was observed that the majority of individuals were aware of COVID-19, with 90% of the population knowing about it. There is an ever-increasing need for COVID-19 knowledge among the local populace. It will assist in the prevention of COVID-19 transfer with minimal secondary transmission. Extensive survey studies are needed to offer supporting evidence in the development and implementation of public health policies related to the COVID-19 pandemic. It would help to regulate and stop the spread of COVID-19 across the country.
Assessing Public Opinion Regarding COVID-19 Vaccinations in Pakistan: Knowledge, and Perceptions of General Public
Authors: Ullah Sana , Shahid Syed Ahsan , Hafeez Sara , Fatima Sara , Zia Fatima , Ali Muhammad
Published: April 2022

The COVID-19 infodemic can be counteracted by clear and consistent communication of scientific evidence and improved health literacy between the public and informants. For complete eradication of COVID-19, several vaccines are approved in various countries for public use by regulatory authorities. Assessing public perception regarding COVID-19 vaccination is an important area of research. In the current study, we aim to evaluate the opinions of individuals from multiple localities about COVID-19 and its vaccination through an online survey. Participants of the study were divided into different groups based on age, profession, demography, and income, and their opinions were calculated in percentage. In age group analysis we reported the highest willingness, 62.8 % (n=22) in age group 30-40, followed by 60 % (n=3) in age group >50, 58.6 % (n=244) in age group 20-30, 57.95 % (n=51) was in age group 15-20 and the least willingness, 33.33 % (n=4) in age group 40-50. The highest disagreement regarding vaccination of 60 % was found in age group >50, followed by 33.3 % in the age group 40-50, 14.7 % in the age group 20-30, 11.4 % in the age group 15-20 and 30-40. Similarly based on profession, maximum acceptability, 59.1 % (n=262) was reported in students, followed by a businessman (68.7 %, n=11), professional workers (3.5 %, n=20). Likewise, in demographic analysis, individuals from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) (61.3 %, n=200) were found more enthusiastic for vaccination, followed by AJK (58.33 %, n=7) and Islamabad (58.1 %, n=32). In the same way, people with income range $435 - $621/month showed the highest willingness (65.7 %, n=69) regarding vaccination, followed by income group ($621 or more $s/month). Surprisingly, individuals from the low-income group were found more interested in vaccination as compared to the higher-income group. Comparatively low interest of high-income group individuals may be due to more exposure to conspiracy theories shared on social media.
Impact of Habitat Variability on Phenotypic Traits and Seed Germination Performance of Euphorbia helioscopia L.; a Case Study from the Kashmir Himalaya, India
Authors: Islam Tajamul , Zargar Shabir A. , Magray Junaid A. , Nawchoo Irshad A.
Published: April 2022

Euphorbia helioscopia L. (Euphorbiaceae), is an important medicinal plant species of the Himalayan region. The species showed wide variability in its phenotypic traits under different environmental conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of elevational gradient on the morphological traits and reproductive features of the species. The plants grown in the Kashmir University Botanical Garden were more vigorous and taller than the plants of high-altitude sites. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the habitat of KUBG and Kangan (Ganderbal) were comparatively facilitated the growth of E. helioscopia. The regression analysis showed a positive correlation between various morphological traits. Our attempted results highlighted an elaborated account of the variation of phenotypic traits and seed germination performance in response to different environmental conditions along an elevational gradient.
Role of Manganese Forms on Black Gram (Vigna mungo) Seedling Growth
Authors: Khan Zahid
Published: April 2022

The impact of concentration of manganese (Mn2+) forms on early seedling growth and some physiological attributes of black gram (Vigna mungo L.) have been reported in the current study. An adequate amount of 22.32 μg/mL (as in control solution) of Mn2+ was found to be crucial for proper growth and it also greatly impacts the process of photosynthesis and the amount of chlorophyll in the growing seedling. Reduced growth was observed as the concentration of Mn2+ was increased from 50 ppm up to 250 ppm. Reduced growth is due to various non-enzymatic coping mechanisms invoked by the plant to ease the metal stress which has several side effects on key plant growth attributes. One such defense strategy to reduce metal overload is the production of proline that can dilute the excess metal content. Chlorophyll content with respect to the age of the seedling is also studied and it brought interesting results.
Screening of Natural Dyes from Selected Fungal Species
Authors: Naz Tasbiah , Sikandar Shomaila , Sajjad Fatima , Alim-un-Nisa  , Afzal Imran , Fatima Anum , Rubab Nayyar , Sattar Rabia
Published: April 2022

Some fungi are observed as effective pigments. Its importance in the production of natural pigments has grown significantly. The pigment-producing fungi were developed and evaluated for application in dyeing cotton fabric. In the research, five fungal strains were identified as Aspergillus terreus S10, Talaromyces atroroseus WW5A3, Penicillium oxalicum WW3A4 (DG), WW5C2 and WW31DG. These strains were incubated for 21 days under static and non-static conditions using MSM and PDB media. Under liquid state fermentation conditions, the production of the pigments by the fungus was improved by altering temperatures (25-35°C) and pH (4.5-6.5). T. atroroseus WW5A3 showed pinkish color, A. terrreus S10 displayed yellow color, P. oxalicum WW3A4 (DG) presented yellowgreenish, WW5C2 exhibited light yellow color and WW31DG demonstrated greenish color. The results showed the maximum percentage absorbance of T. atroroteus WW5A3 showed 90.36 % at 600 nm, A. terrreus S10 showed 88 % at 500 nm, P. oxalicum WW35A4 showed 46.04 % at 550 nm, WW5C2 showed 59.60 % at 550 nm, and WW31DG showed 81.9 % at 550 nm. The natural fungal pigments were tested against bacterial pathogens to check the antibacterial activity. The results indicated that S. aureus and E. coli exhibited antibacterial activity in terms of maximum zone of inhibition. In conclusion, out of five pigments producing fungi, Aspergillus terreus S10 and Talaromyces atroroseus produced maximum pigment and highest percentage absorbance under liquid state fermentation conditions. Potential applications in the textile and leather industries have been discovered as a result of this research.
Sex Differences In Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries
Authors: Oganesyan Ruben , Anderson Mark , Simeone Joseph , Chang Connie , Tanaka Miho
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND: Acute tears of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) have been more commonly reported in males than females, with males constituting between 60 and 84% of isolated and combined PCL injuries. However, there is a paucity of studies comparing the injury patterns between males and females. This study aimed to evaluate the differences in patterns of isolated PCL tears and associated injuries between males and females on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
METHODS: Patients with PCL tears were identified through an institutional database. Two musculoskeletal imaging radiologists independently reviewed each case to describe injury patterns as well as the presence and severity of concurrent injuries. After applying exclusion criteria, male and female cohorts were compared for differences in injury patterns and the presence of concurrent injuries. Linear regression analysis was performed to assess for differences in injury patterns related to age.
RESULTS: A search yielded 322 consecutive patients with PCL injury. After reviewing MRI exams and applying exclusion criteria, the cohorts included 79 patients (21 female and 58 male). Overall, females with PCL tears were more likely to sustain concurrent injuries to the posteromedial corner (71.4% vs. 25.9%, p < 0.001), anterior cruciate ligament (14.3% vs. 0%, p = 0.003), partial injury to the medial collateral ligament (23.8% vs. 6.9%, p = 0.037), and lateral meniscus (38.1% vs. 3.5%, p < 0.001). Comparison of patients with Grade 3 PCL injuries showed that this type of injury occurred at a greater age in females when compared to males (46.0±22.1 vs. 32.3±13.5, p=0.019). Regression analysis between age and injury pattern in patients with Grade 3 PCL tears revealed significant findings only in female patients, with a positive correlation between age and distal location of the PCL tear (R2 = 0.5937, p = 0.003). We also observed significant negative correlations between age and associated injuries of the ACL (R2 = 0.3623, p = 0.038), and lateral retinaculum (R2 = 0.3325, p = 0.049).
CONCLUSION: We observed significant sex differences in the number and type of accompanying injuries with acute PCL injuries. Complete PCL injuries were found to occur at a greater age in females, with an age-dependent distribution of PCL injury location and number of accompanying injuries. Further studies are needed to understand the role of these findings in the treatment and outcomes after PCL injury.
Entendendo o processo saúde-doença pelas lentes da interdisciplinaridade e da interseccionalidade: a COVID-19 como referência
Authors: Lopes Pablo de Oliveira
Published: April 2022

Em meio à pandemia de Covid-19, a crise econômica e as desigualdades sociais a ela relacionadas tornam-se ainda mais evidentes, inclusive no campo da saúde. Numa perspectiva interdisciplinar e interseccional, realizamos uma pesquisa qualitativa, exploratória, de caráter bibliográfico e documental, e nos propusemos a discutir a importância de se compreender o processo saúde-doença por meio de critérios que não se baseiem apenas na visão biomédica. Analisamos os textos que tratam da Covid-19, publicados na coluna Rico Vasconcelos, de janeiro de 2020 a junho de 2021, e verificamos quantos artigos com essa temática foram postados e se foram elaborados levando-se em consideração as desigualdades sociais, os condicionantes e os determinantes em saúde.
Challenging malocclusion in orthodontics
Authors: Sahil  , Soni Sanjeev , Kaur Gurpreet
Published: April 2022

The term open bite is referred as no contact between anterior or posterior teeth. The complexity of open bite is attributed to a combination of skeletal, dental and habitual factors. Etiology of open bite can be attributed to genetics, anatomic and environmental factors. However, the tendency toward relapse after conventional or surgical orthodontic treatment has been indicated. Therefore, open bite is considered one of the most challenging dentofacial deformities to treat. The aim of this article is to emphasize on early etiological diagnosis, dentofacial morphology and classification, which are essential for the successful outcome of the technical intervention. Failure of tongue posture adaptation subsequent to orthodontic and/or surgical treatment might be the primary reason for relapse of open bite. Prolonged retention with fixed or removable retainers is advisable and necessary in most cases of open bite treatment. The treatment of open bite remains a tough challenge to the clinician; careful diagnosis and timely intervention with proper treatment modalities and appliance selection will improve the treatment outcomes and long-term stability.
Genotyping of Acintobacter baumannii isolated from different clinical samples
Authors: Bayram Nadia A. A. , AL-Shukri Maysa S.
Published: April 2022

A total of ( 150 ) clinical specimens were collected from patients suffering from different infections such as burns, wounds infections, urinary tract infections, and respiratory tract infection. All clinical specimens were cultured on different media. The results indicated  that 22 (14.6%) of the isolates belonged to A. baumannii It was found that twelve isolates (54.5%) from sputum, five isolates  ( 22.72%) from burns ,three isolates (13.63%)  were detected from wounds,  , and  two isolate ( 9%) from urine., In this study, used BOX and ERIC-PCR for the detection of phylogenetic diversity of A. baumannii isolated from different samples, In general, 20 isolates characterized using the two molecular techniques had comparable number of bands with some degree of polymorphism. K. pneumoniae isolates from the same source were clustered in to different groups. The two molecular techniques generated 2 main clusters and the results of dendrogram of these techniques reveals that 20 polymorphic variants between A. baumannii clinical isolates detect by ERIC and BOX PCR.
The influence of strategic leadership and motivation on employee performance
Authors: Soeherlan S Lalan
Published: April 2022

This study aims to determine the simultaneous and partial influence of strategic leadership variables and employee motivation on employee performance. This research belongs to a quantitative type of research using descriptive and verificative research methods. Description means describing variable conditions based on the respondent's perception. In contrast, verificative is based on hypothesis testing and the magnitude of influence given by leadership variables and motivation to employee performance, while the analysis method uses path analysis. The study results prove descriptively that the overall leadership condition is indicated sufficiently. However, there are still indicators that are below the expected value, namely the horizontal communication system, for the findings of motivational variables indicated sufficiently, but still, the finding of indicators that are not optimal, namely regarding adequate benefits, while the overall performance of employees is sufficient, but there are still weaknesses of the speed indicator for response to the public regarding complaints, suggestions and criticisms. Verifiably found the contribution of influence simultaneously from the variables of leadership and motivation to employee performance. In addition, it was also found that the partial influence contribution of leadership and motivation variables to employee performance was found.
Searching for social characteristics and policy measures for each stage of the corona spread in Korea
Authors: Choi Young-Chool
Published: April 2022

This study analysed the social situation in Korea caused by the Corona pandemic, as shown in YouTube videos between January 2020 when the Corona pandemic began in Korea and December 2021, about two years later, along with its characteristics. The aim of the study was to derive lessons for future quarantine policies. First, the two-year period was divided into three phases in consideration of trends in the number of Corona patients. Then, for each period, YouTube videos created during this period were analysed using text network analysis and the system dynamics analysis method, both of which represent a kind of big data analysis method. This analysis method is new, and is highly significant in terms of research methodology. In addition, the analysis results provide important policy implications. One important policy meaning is the derivation of the reinforcing loop and balancing loop that policymakers should consider for each period.