bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
¿Qué tipos de agentes virtuales pueden usar las pequeñas empresas para mejorar su publicidad?
Authors: Torres Martinez Daniel Mauricio , Cruz Guerrero Sergio Andrés
Published: September 2021

La tecnología es un campo de evolución constante que busca superarse a sí misma a cada instante y brindar mejores soluciones a los problemas y necesidades de las personas, uno de los campos más interesantes de la tecnología es el de las IA, las cuales están dando ampliamente beneficios a más personas en el mundo.

Buena parte de la economía al día de hoy se basa en los emprendedores que generan empresas pequeñas y las tratan de hacer surgir presentando nuevas ideas para solucionar problemas de distintos ámbitos de la sociedad, es importante el progreso de estas empresas y su impacto en la comunidad, así como el reconocimiento que estas obtengan para sobresalir y expandirse hasta crecer como una empresa de gran impacto.

Este articulo está enfocado a unir estos dos conceptos para demostrar, que el uso de nuevas tecnologías como la inteligencia artificial puede beneficiar a las pequeñas y medianas empresas en diferentes aspectos, tanto en el servicio al cliente, como en la publicidad de la empresa y muchos otros campos más, el objetivo del artículo es incentivar y motivar a las empresas para que implementen estas herramientas en sus emprendimientos.
Is youth pessimism good for the environment? Insights from PISA 2015
Authors: Pivovarova Margarita , Powers Jeanne M. , Chachkhiani Ketevan
Published: September 2021

In this study, we explore the potential of data from large-scale assessments to provide insights into how students’ environmental knowledge could address the global challenge of environmental threats to humanity and the transition to sustainable development. We analyze data from the 2015 PISA survey to understand the extent to which 15-year old students in 54 countries are aware of these challenges. We find that students’ science activities, self-efficacy and environmental knowledge are positively associated with their awareness about environmental challenges. Students’ environmental awareness, in turn, is associated with environmental pessimism, or their outlook on the future of environmental issues. Students who are more engaged with environmental science are more aware about environmental issues and feel less optimistic that environmental issues will improve in the future. Such pessimistic attitudes about the future may be a precursor to pro-environmental behavior. Our results provide a cross-national picture of students’ engagement with environmental issues and insight into the potential of large-scale assessment data to inform environmental education policies promoted by individual countries and international organizations.
More is not always better: A study of country-level factors associated with adolescents’ environmental attitudes using a multilevel analysis of PISA 2006
Authors: Gong Byoung-gyu , Zheng Yi
Published: September 2021

In recent decades, environmental problems have rapidly worsened to become a planetary crisis, and mounting scientific evidence supports that this crisis is anthropogenic. With the growing concern over the anthropogenic ecological crisis, there has been more attention to the factors influencing people’s pro-environmental attitudes. However, limited research on the adolescent population exists, and country-level factors were rarely explored with mixed findings. This study examines whether and how three country-level factors of national consumption, national average environmental knowledge, and national income level significantly impact students’ environmental attitudes, using multilevel modeling methods. The analysis results show that adolescents’ environmental attitudes are negatively related to the national consumption and environmental knowledge level after controlling for important individual-level factors while having no significant relationship with the national income level. This study concludes with a discussion on the future direction of environmental education and studies.
Evaluation of the Relationship between Sella Turcica Bridging and Dental Anomalies
Authors:   Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul aydın University,İstanbul Turkey, Karaman Ahmet , Cinarsoy Cigerim Saadet ,   Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey, Kechagia Nourtzan ,   Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Aydın University, Istanbul, Turkey
Published: September 2021

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the relationship between the morphological variations of Sella Turcica (ST) and dental anomalies. Methods: This study included 765 individuals between the ages of 13 and 35. ST morphology was examined in 3 groups as no calcification, partially calcified and completely calcified according to the interclinoid ligament (ICL) on lateral cephalometric films, and it was examined and evaluated in terms of its relationship to impacted canines (unilateral and bilateral), impacted teeth (except 3rd molars), root dilaceration, tooth deficiency (upper incisor lateral - lower and upper second premolar), supernumerary tooth and taurodontism. Results: The rates of supernumerary teeth, lateral and premolar tooth deficiency and root dilaceration in total calcification of ICL were significantly higher than those in ICL with no calcification. The rates of taurodontism, unilateral and bilateral impacted canine teeth and impacted teeth in ICL with no calcification were found to be significantly lower than those in the partial and total calcification of ICL. Conclusion: In this study, a statistically significant relationship was found between ST morphology and dental anomalies. Examination of sella turcica bridging (STB) variations in a large population will be guiding for the early detection of dental anomalies.
Attitudes towards Fake News: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Helal Alkhateri Shaikha Mohammed Ali Bin , Indra Devi S. , Jano Zanariah , Al-shami Samer Ali
Published: September 2021

The rise of social media has provided a means for the spread of fake news, factual false information that is used to further a financial, political or societal agenda. The response to fake news on social media can be from individual users, social media platform companies, or respective national governments. This systematic literature review was designed to determine whether there is commonality across cultures and nations as to fake news exposure, response to encountering fake news on social media, and attitudes towards mediating efforts. A total of five published journal articles were selected, each using quantitative methods and representing five distinct geographical areas. These articles formed the bases for a systematic literature review that answered the research questions concerned with attitudes towards the threat of fake news, responses to fake news encountered on social media platforms, and attitudes towards efforts to curb fake news, whether by individuals, social media platform companies, or governments. Results showed universal recognition of fake news as a potential or real threat, mixed results as to whether fake news is read or shared by respondents, and mixed results regarding which actor (people, companies or governments) should lead mitigation efforts. These results emphasize the cultural and societal differences that must be considered when investigating fake news, particularly with the intention to develop recommendations or guidelines for its reduction.
Perbandingan Pemberian Heparin Subkutan dan Intravena terhadap Studi Koagulasi dan D-Dimer Pasien dengan Risiko Trombosis Vena
Authors: Kusdaryono Sigit , Soesilowati Danu , Sasongko Himawan
Published: September 2021

Latar Belakang :Trombosis di Amerika Serikat adalah penyebab kematian terbanyak. Sekitar 2 juta orang meninggal setiap tahun karena trombosis arteri dan vena. Dengan 80-90% thrombosis diketahui penyebabnya. Trombosis juga menyebabkan morbiditas yang signifikan, salah satunya adalah trombosis vena dalam (Deep Vein Thrombosis, DVT) yang dapat berlanjut menjadi emboli paru. Tanpa tromboprofilaksis, kejadian DVT nosokomial adalah 10-40% dari keseluruhan pasien medis dan bedah dan 40-60% pada pasien pasca bedah ortopedi mayor.Tujuan: Untuk membandingkan efektivitas dosis profilaksis heparin subkutan dan intravena terhadap nilai D-Dimer, PPT dan aPTT pada pasien dengan risiko trombosis vena dalam.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kelompok pre dan post test dan dilakukan pada 20 pasien dengan risiko trombosis vena dalam. Sampel darah diambil setelah 1 jam injeksi heparin, kemudian disimpan dalam botol yang mengandung EDTA. Sampel dikirim ke laboratorium untuk pemeriksaan. Subyek dibagi menjadi dua kelompok secara random sampling. Grup A menerima heparin intravena dan kelompok B menerima heparin subkutan. Analisis statistik dilakukan untuk menguji perbedaan antar kelompok dengan SPSS versi 15.Hasil: Hasil pemeriksaan aPTT dan PPT antara kelompok intravena dan subkutan tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan (p> 0,05). Hasil pengujian pada D-Dimer intravena dan subkutan juga tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan (p> 0,05).Kesimpulan: Tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara pemberian heparin intravena dan subkutan dalam nilai aPTT, PPT dan D-Dimer sebagai pencegahan risiko thrombosis vena dalam.
Pengaruh Profilaksis Trombosis Vena Dalam dengan Heparin Subkutan dan Intravena terhadap aPTT dan Jumlah Trombosit pada Pasien Kritis di ICU RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang
Authors: Wicaksono Satrio Adi , Pujo Jati Listiyanto , Leksana Ery
Published: September 2021

Latar belakang: Heparin telah digunakan sebagai terapi maupun sebagai profilaksis primer TVD, walaupun keamanan heparin khususnya pada pasien kritis yang memiliki risiko tinggi perdarahan masih merupakan subyek perdebatan. Belum ada studi prospektif komparatif yang tegas menunjukkan efektivitas dan keamanan pemberian heparin subkutan sebagai profilaksis TVD pada pasien kritis di ICU.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh pemberian heparin subkutan dibandingkan intravena sebagai profilaksis TVD terhadap nilai aPTT dan jumlah trombosit pada pasien kritis di ICU.Metode: Uji klinik dilakukan pada 30 pasien selama 3 hari dengan pemberian heparin subkutan 5000 IU b.i.d sebagai kelompok SK (n=15) dan heparin 500 IU/jam intravena sebagai kelompok IV (n=15) kemudian dibandingkan beberapa parameter koagulasi (D- dimer, aPTT dan trombosit) pada pasien kritis di ICU.Hasil: Setelah 3 hari diberikan profilaksis TVD didapatkan hasil yang bermakna penurunan kadar D-dimer pada kedua kelompok, kelompok SK 959.73(1127.539) (p=0.05) dan kelompok IV 1621.33(1041.654) (p=0.00). Tetapi didapatkan hasil yang tidak bermakna pada perubahan nilai aPTT, kelompok SK 0.032(0.5284) (p=0.815) dan kelompok IV 0.068(0.5718) (p=0.652). Perubahan jumlah trombosit didapatkan hasil tidak bermakna pada kelompok SK 413.3(51489.76) (p=0.815) sedangkan pada kelompok IV didapatkan perubahan yang bermakna dalam penurunan jumlah trombosit 30186.6(53488.86) (p=0.046).Simpulan: Pemberian heparin subkutan 5000 IU b.i.d dan heparin 500 IU/jam intravena sebagai profilaksis TVD secara bermakna dapat menurunkan kadar D-dimer. Tetapi didapatkan hasil yang tidak bermakna pada perubahan nilai aPTT dan perubahan yang bermakna pada kelompok heparin IV dalam penurunan jumlah trombosit
Gambaran Kematian Neonatal Berdasarkan Karakteristik Ibu di Kota Semarang
Authors: Wati Sinta , Adi Mateus Sakundarno
Published: September 2021

Background: The Neonatal Mortality Rate of Central Java in 2018 was 7.3 per 1000 live births and the neonatal mortality rate in Semarang City in 2018 was 4.57 per 1000 live births. The purpose of this study was to analyze neoanatal mortality based on maternal characteristics in Semarang City.Methods: This research used descriptive analysis, derived from secondary data in the Semarang City Health Office. The data was taken from Verbal Perinatal Autopsy data sampling from neonatal cases aged 0-28 days who died in Semarang City. In 2019 there were 50 cases out of 101 neonatal death cases.Results: From the analysis showed that neonatal mortality in Semarang City based on the place of delivery were 90% in hospitals with 86% birth attendants assisted by obstetrics and gynecology specialists. Mothers were aged 20-35 years (74%) and 80% have maternal parity less than 3 children, with pregnancy spacing less than 2 years (56%). Beside that, more than 74% mothers have gestational age less than 37 weeks or during the preterm period and 68% of mothers also do Antenatal Care more than 4 times during pregnancy. Most of mothers have hypertension and anemia (20%). Looking at the risk factors, there are 26% of mothers who have a history of abortion, the mother’s age is too old (16%) and childbirth by cesarian section (10%).Conclusion: Neonatal deaths in Semarang City are already numerous in hospitals and delivery assistants by obstetricians. The biggest possibility is that the quality of ANC services is inadequate and not according to ANC-10-T standards.
Status Gizi dan Perilaku Makan Ibu Selama Kehamilan Trimester Pertama
Authors: Dewi Ambar Kusuma , Dary Dary , Tampubolon Rifatolistia
Published: September 2021

Background: Nutritional problems in Indonesia are one of the indirect causes of maternal and child mortality. The low nutritional status of mothers before pregnancy and during the first trimester of pregnancy results in babies with low birth weight, stunting and prematurity, pregnancy in the first trimester is the most vulnerable period, where the process of forming very important organs such as the central nerve, heart and hearing is enhanced in the next trimester.Methods: This research uses descriptive quantitative design. Respondents of the study were 50 pregnant women in the first trimester in the Salatiga Primary Health Care. Nutritional status was determined by weight gain of respondents during pregnancy, while eating behavior was measured using the SQ-FFQ Form. The 2x24 hour food recall was used to determine the level of nutritional intake of respondents.Result: The results showed that the respondents experienced a deficit of TKP, TKE, and TKK and TKL excess, while the abnormal weight gain was 44%, and KEK was 20%.Conclusion : Respondents experienced nutritional problems because their daily food intakes were less than their needs
Pengaruh Kualitas Sistem, Kualitas Informasi, Kualitas Pelayanan pada Kepuasan Pengguna dan Dampaknya pada Manfaat Bersih (Penelitian terhadap Sistem Informasi Surveilans Penyakit Tidak Menular)
Authors: Yuniarti Ira Fitria , Novrikasari Novrikasari , Misnaniarti Misnaniarti
Published: September 2021

Background: This study aims to examine the influence of system quality, information quality, and service quality of  the  Non-Communicable Disease Manager Program at Public Health of Palembang. This  study  will  also  investigate  the  effect  on  user satisfaction and its impact on net benefits for users of Non Communicable Disease Surveillance Information System. This study applies a modification of the information system success model from DeLone & McLeanMethods: The model is analyzed by modeling the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on components or variants (component based) that are popular with Partial Least Square (PLS) using SmartPLS version 3.0. The  results  of  this  study  are  expected  to  be  adopted  as  input  and  consideration  in  developing, and improving the performance of the Non Communicable Disease Surveillance Information System. The research design used in this study is quantitative research. Respondents in this study were 65 Manager Program of 41Public Health at Palembang who were actively working. The questionnaire was distributed directly by researchers on Januari 2020Result: The results showed that there was no effect between system quality quality on the user satisfaciton of this system. However, there was a positive and significant effect between information quality, and service quality on the user satisfaction of the system and between the  user satisfaction  of  the  system on  net  benefits.Conclusion : The  implementation  of  this information system can be declared successful because there is a  positive  correlation  between variables.
Hubungan Kelengkapan Kunjungan ANC, Umur Ibu Hamil dan Konsumsi Fe <90 Tablet dengan Kematian Neonatal
Authors: Saputro Kukuh Purwo , Setiawati Mexitalia , Suhartono Suhartono , Sutiningsih Dwi
Published: September 2021

Background: Neonatal deaths are those that occur in the neonatal period when the baby is born up to 28 days (0-28 days). Neonatal mortality contributes to 56% of infant deaths due to complications such as BBLR, asphyxia, and infections that should be prevented by taking into account the condition of the mother before and during pregnancy because it will determine the condition of the baby being born. This study aimed to determine maternal factors associated with neonatal mortality.Methods: The design of an analytic observational study using a case-control. The population of the study was infants born in Banjarnegara District in 2018. The sample of the study was 65 cases and 65 controls taken by simple random sampling. The data were analyzed univariate and bivariate.Result: The results showed a significant relationship between the completeness of the ANC visit (p = 0.029; OR = 3.6 (95% CI = 1.222-10.595)) and the consumption of Fe <90 tablets (p = 0.0001; OR = 4, 1 (95% CI = 1,942-8,816)) with neonatal mortality. There was no relationship between the age of pregnant women <20 years old and >35 years old with neonatal mortality.Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is the variables that are statistically related to neonatal mortality are completeness of ANC visit and consumption of Fe <90 tablets.
Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Praktik Manajemen Terpadu Bayi Muda oleh Gasurkes KIA di Kota Semarang
Authors: Wati Sinta , Kartini Apoina , Martini Martini , Sriatmi Ayun
Published: September 2021

Background: The main causes of neonatal deaths in Semarang city were low birth weight (LBW) approximately 38%, birth asphyxia (23%), congenital defect (8%), infections such as sepsis (3%), jaundice (3%), and others (25%). The most common causes of mortality were considered preventable and treatable at an affordable, easily-to-implement, and efficient through integrated management of  young  infants (IMYI) performed during neonatal visits. It has previously been observed that IMYI has contributed to reducing the neonatal mortality rate by 30-60%. This study aims to investigate the factors that determine the integrated management of young infants carried by maternal and perinatal death surveillance and response (MPDSR) workers in Semarang city.Methods: Quantitative research designs were adopted to provide the correlation between independent variables and dependent variables using statistical hypothesis testing. A cross-sectional approach was utilized to collect the data, both independent dan dependent variables simultaneously. The data were analyzed using chi-square, Fisher exact test, and logistic regression.Results: The result suggests that knowledge, work period, attitude, workload, recording system, supervision had an association toward the practice of IMYI conducted by MPDSR workers in Semarang City. No significant correlation was found on the availability of tools and appraisal toward the practice of IMYI. Work periods was the most dominant factor affecting IMYI practice.Conclusion: these results indicate that knowledge, work period, attitude, workload, recording system, supervision has an important role to increase the practice of IMYI performed by maternal and perinatal death surveillance and response (MPDSR) workers in Semarang city.
Kolaborasi Perawat dan Ahli Gizi dalam Penanganan Masalah Gizi Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Halmahera Barat.
Authors: Noky Vilia Herani , Tauho Kristiani , Nugroho Kristiawan
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTBackground: Nutritional status is the body's needs in the growth and development of toddlers. A recent sector study on nutrition development in Indonesia shows that the problem of child nutrition is still quite high in the community. North Maluku Province is the fourth place among the provinces which contributing nutrition problem in 2019 with a percentage of 20.9%. Good nutritional status itself is necessary to the growth and the development of toddlers. Since the number of nutritionists in North Maluku Province is still limited, this study was conducted to explore the collaboration between nutritionists and nurses in handling nutritional problems among toddlers in this province.Methods: This study used a qualitative research method and was conducted in 5 Primary Health Care Centers within the region of West Halmahera District. This research involved 15 participants consisting of nurses, nutritionists and the Heads of Primary Health Care Center. The data collection used in-depth interviews for each participant with a total of research duration of about 2 months.Result: The results showed that the collaboration between nurses and nutritionists was mainly to perform vital body examination and to give supplementary feeding for toddlers. Primary Health Care has a Plan of Action for this program of collaboration. Other than that, sometimes they provide some health education about exclusive breastfeeding, good nutritional intake and the importance of bringing toddlers to the integrated service center called Posyandu.Conclusion : Nurses and nutritionists in West Halmahera collaborate to improve toddlers nutritional status but the collaboration is still limited.
The Six Minute Walk Test as a Marker of Functional Capacity in Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Purwowiyoto Sidhi Laksono , Surya Steven Philip
Published: September 2021

Background: Currently, hypertension becomes one of the leading issues not only for medical community but also to the broader societies. Even though hypertension could be symptomatic, in most case it didn’t until the devastating complications shows up. Functional capacity is a simple tool based on our daily activity. The six-minute walk test could be one of the simplest ways in measuring functional capacity. Six-minute distance as the outcome of this test could be potentially a marker for functional capacity in hypertensive group compare to non-hypertensive group.Methods: This is a case control study with 34 female participants in six-minute walking test.Result: There are no significant different of age, height, weight, and body max index between those groups. The six-minute walking distance drastically difference between hypertensive and non-hypertensive group, 306m and 367m respectively with p-value < 0,01. Heart rate pre-test also statistically different between control group and case group. (75 bpm and 94 bpm, p-value = 0,027) Post-test blood pressure is notably distinctive between two groups. Additionally, systolic blood pressure post-test lower than initial value. Hypertension alters human functional capacity ominously.Conclusion : The six-minute walk test could be applied as simple functional capacity marker in hypertension subject.
Educación y desarrollo personal
Authors: Peñacoba-Arribas Alejandra , Nossa-Ramos Diana Constanza , Ferrari Francesco , Bolívar-Ramírez Marisol , Gaitán-Acosta Karen , Moreno-Ardila Karen Vanessa , Moreno-Garzón Diana Catalina , Puentes-González William Fernando , Díaz-Gaitán Claudia Esperanza , Vergara-Gómez Luis Miguel , Muñoz-Buitrago Darwin , Parada-Silva Juan Alexis , Rivera-Gómez Andrés Felipe , Lozano-Ardila Martha Cecilia , Garnica-Ríos Francy Liliana , Rojas-Claros Armando , Gómez-Quitián Juan Carlos , Montoya-Montoya Luis Gabriel , Aldana-Piñeros Alexander , Santa Cruz-Vera Dalia Jaqueline
Published: September 2021

This work is the result of theoretical and practical research and points out the privileged settings that lead the person towards human fulfillment and happiness. The first setting is the family, the educational setting par excellence, since the constitutive bonds of the personality such as paternity, maternity and filiation are established within it; the family is where each human being is recognized and loved and learns the proper exercise of his freedom. The school and the university constitute the second training setting of singular importance. In this, young people are helped to harmoniously develop intelligence, will and affections. This is done through formal education –scientific and humanistic– and those activities –such as volunteering or social service– that allow the expression of compassion, solidarity, artistic qualities, etc. Different areas of personal development that aim at the consolidation of virtuous leaders capable of building a culture of life that moves towards peace.
Injurers versus Victims: (A)Symmetric Reactions to Symmetric Risks
Authors: Guerra Alice , Parisi Francesco
Published: September 2021

Tort models assume symmetry in the behavior of injurers and victims when faced by a threat of liability and a risk of harm without compensation, respectively. This assumption has never been empirically validated. Using a novel experimental design, we study the behavior of injurers and victims when facing symmetric accident risks. Experimental results provide qualified support for the symmetric behavior hypothesis.
Extensive Structural Remodeling of the Axonal Arbors of Parvalbumin Basket Cells during Development in Mouse Neocortex
Authors: Micheva Kristina D. , Kiraly Marianna , Perez Marc M. , Madison Daniel V.
Published: September 2021

Parvalbumin-containing (PV+) basket cells are specialized cortical interneurons that regulate the activity of local neuronal circuits with high temporal precision and reliability. To understand how the PV+interneuron connectivity underlying these functional properties is established during development, we used array tomography to map pairs of synaptically connected PV+interneurons and postsynaptic neurons from the neocortex of mice of both sexes. We focused on the axon-myelin unit of the PV+interneuron and quantified the number of synapses onto the postsynaptic neuron, length of connecting axonal paths, and their myelination at different time points between 2 weeks and 7 months of age. We find that myelination of the proximal axon occurs very rapidly during the third and, to a lesser extent, fourth postnatal weeks. The number of synaptic contacts made by the PV+interneuron on its postsynaptic partner meanwhile is significantly reduced to about one-third by the end of the first postnatal month. The number of autapses, the synapses that PV+interneurons form on themselves, however, remains constant throughout the examined period. Axon reorganizations continue beyond postnatal month 2, with the postsynaptic targets of PV+interneurons gradually shifting to more proximal locations, and the length of axonal paths and their myelin becoming conspicuously uniform per connection. These continued microcircuit refinements likely provide the structural substrate for the robust inhibitory effects and fine temporal precision of adult PV+basket cells.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe axon of adult parvalbumin-containing (PV+) interneurons is highly specialized for fast and reliable neurotransmission. It is myelinated and forms synapses mostly onto the cell bodies and proximal dendrites of postsynaptic neurons for maximal impact. In this study, we follow the development of the PV+interneuron axon, its myelination and synapse formation, revealing a rapid sequence of axonal reorganization, myelination of the PV+interneuron proximal axon, and pruning of almost two-thirds of the synapses in an individual connection. This is followed by a prolonged period of axon refinement and additional myelination leading to a remarkable precision of connections in the adult mouse cortex, consistent with the temporal precision and fidelity of PV+interneuron action.
Slope Inspection System: Using image processed by machine learning algorithm to determine risk of slope failure
Authors: Mat Shukor Sabril Haziq , Abdul Hamid Syamsul Bahrin , Kasim Norhidayu , Ab. Moin Zuraidah
Published: September 2021

Malaysia is a tropical country that experiences rainy and hot weather throughout the year. The higher rainfall intensity leads to higher landslide occurrences in Malaysia. Landslides that occur nearby human settlements increase the risk and hazard to the public and properties that lead to significant economic losses. There are various methods in surveying the risk and hazard of landslide areas such as terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and global positioning system (GPS). Most of the past research uses the conventional method which requires an in-situ field survey, lab analysis, and an additional software package to determine the hazard level for a slope. The conventional method is inefficient and time-consuming. In this paper, the potential of a machine-learning algorithm to improve the conventional approach in detecting the hazard in a landslide is discussed. The algorithm assesses the level of risk based on trained supervised images identified by experts in the field. Using the trained model, it was found that Convolution Neural Network (CNN) is able to perform better than Fully Connected Layer within the reduced processing time, with increased accuracy of 22%. However, the accuracy of the CNN on test data in IIUM could still be improved further. Currently, there is an actual prediction accuracy is at 50% for the test data in IIUM, a 17% error compared to CNN prediction. More training data could be added to the CNN to improve the current accuracy.
Evaluation of the acid-neutralizing capacity and other properties of antacids marketed in Morocco
Authors: Yafout Mohamed , Elhorr Hicham , Sbai El Otmani Ibrahim , Khayati Youssef
Published: September 2021

Aim. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acid-neutralizing capacity (ANC) and other properties of antacid drugs marketed in Morocco.

Methods. Samples of 12 antacids were collected from pharmacies and were subjected to the test described in the US Pharmacopoeia in order to measure their ANC. Other properties such as price and sodium content were also studied.  

Results. All the tested brands met the minimal requirement of 5 mEq. However, Aluminum hydroxide/Magnesium hydroxide combinations showed a superior acid-neutralizing capacity over other products and oral suspensions showed better results compared to other pharmaceutical forms. Regarding the cost of antacids, Aluminum hydroxide/Magnesium hydroxide combinations and calcium carbonate/magnesium carbonate combinations showed the most favorable ANC/price ratio. Some of the antacids studied contain a high amount of sodium.

Conclusion. All the antacids marketed in Morocco meet the USP requirement regarding their ANC. However, the ANC value should be included in the antacids’ labels so that both patients and physicians can choose the most appropriate product. The ANC value should be evaluated according to the dose of the active substance instead of the minimum labeled dosage in order to allow a better result interpretation.
Informacija autoriams
Authors: Vilnensia Acta Paedagogica
Published: September 2021

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Taking into account regional environmental conditions in the functioning of road landscape- engineering systems
Authors: Denysyk Hrihorii I. , Valchuk-Orkusha Oksana M. , Sytnyk Oleksii I. , Kozynska Iryna P. , Bezlatnia Lyubov O.
Published: September 2021

We analyzed the effects of regional and local natural conditions on the process of construction and functioning of road landscape-engineering systems (RLES) – modern actively developing operating roads with the required infrastructure. It has been reported that compared with other anthropogenic landscapes, those of roads do not receive sufficient attention from environmental geographers and landscape scientists, especially regarding the impact of regional and local nature condi- tions on their functioning. On the example of a region, which is specific according to natural conditions and landscape structure – Podillia, we analyzed three natural factors that significantly affect the functioning of RLES in the region, particularly the manifestation of unfavourable processes in them. These factors include broad distribution (72% of the territory of Podillia) and thick layers of loess rocks (up to 5-7 metres), high differentiation of the surface and cloudburst pattern of atmospheric precipitations. Those factors create preconditions for the development of unfavourable processes in the RLES, especially if this is aggravated by poor planning of their construction and irrational exploitation of RLES of Podillia. In more details, it was analyzed in two natural areas of actively function- ing road landscape-engineer systems: Khmelnytsky-Vinnytsia (outskirts of Yakyshyntsi village) and Vinnytsia-Uman (outskirts of Voronovytsia town). We should note that the impact of local peculiarities of the natural conditions and unfavourable processes they had caused often depend on confinement of the RLES to two of the most dynamic types of landscape in Podillia – slopes and floodplains. Manifestation of local peculiarities of natural conditions and landscape complexes was analyzed on the example of Podillia`s com- monest slope-type habitats – ravine tracts that intersect the road landscape-engineer systems. The paper demonstrates that regional and local peculiarities of natural conditions of Podillia and their impact on the functioning of road landscape-engineering systems should be considered against the background of expression of zonal natural factors and current conditions of the development of society. Taking into account regional and local natural peculiarities in the process of construction and functioning of RLES is one of the realistic ways to ensure long and safe rational exploitation.
Increasing marketing activity of hotel and restaurant business enterprises as a basis for the development of the tourism industry
Authors: Kuzmynchuk Nataliia V. , Dombrovska Svitlana V. , Konarivska Oksana B. , Leonenko Nelli A. , Chernobrovkina Svitlana V. , Asaulenko Natalya V.
Published: September 2021

Modern views on the role and importance of partnership marketing are the basis for the effective strategyormation for the competitiveness of the hotel and restaurant industry and the tourism business in a crisis time of the tourism industry due to the coronavirus pandemic and the effect of restrictive measures. The presented article is aimed at the using modern analytical and methodological tools for assessing the competitive status and marketing activity of the hotel and restaurant enterprises and tourism business in the context of applying the principles of marketing partnerships and its implementation in practice of tourism. The purpose of the article is to develop and implement a model of resource-activity potential management and the forma- tion of a competitive status of hotel and restaurant business enterprises and the development of tourism industry based on marketing of affiliate relations. With the help of the factor analysis it is formed the components and indicators of competitive status of the hotel and restaurant enterprises and tourism business, emphasizing the importance of marketing activity in the field of the service promotion and partnership with stakeholders as a reflection of mobilization and the full use of marketing potential.This methodical approach to assessing the level of competitive status of the enterprises of hotel and restaurant industry and tourism business in the context of the resource and activity support on the implementing principles of the concept of marketing partnerships is proposed. It is established that enterprises have unstable dynamics of the integrated indicator of resource potential and activity, which indicates a lack of attention from managers and managers of the hotel and restaurant business to the formation of partnerships with stakeholders on a long-term basis. The results of the impact modeling of the marketing activity of the hotel and restaurant enterprises and tourism business on the level of their competitive status allowed to propose the measures of managerial influence aimed at solving the problem of increasing competitive status in the difficult conditions of the tourism industry. The practical value is the formation and implementation of the activities aimed at the establishing long-term partnerships with stakeholders in order to form a competitive status of the hotel and restaurant industry and tourism business.
Assessment of River Water Inflow into the Sasyk Estuary-Reservoir According to RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 Climate Change Scenarios for 2021-2050
Authors: Loboda Nataliia S. , Tuchkovenko Yurii S. , Kozlov Mykhailo О. , Katynska Iryna V.
Published: September 2021

The paper relevancy is determined by the need to substantiate the feasibility of restoring the ecosystem of the Sasyk estuary after its transformation into a reservoir (1978) and the unsuccessful desalination by the Danube waters for irrigation purposes. The paper is aimed at assessment of the possible inflow of fresh water to the Sasyk estuary from the Kohylnyk and Sarata rivers and their role in the formation of fresh water balance in the first half of the 21st century according to the climate change scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. The main calculation method is the ‘climate-runoff’ model, which uses meteorological data as input data. Estimates of freshwater inflow into the estuary-reservoir are provided for various calculation periods: before 1989 (before the beginning of significant climate change in the North-Western Black Sea Region); in the period of 1989-2018 according to the hydrometeorological observations; in 2021-2050, according to the averaged data from 14 runs of scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 under the EVRO-CORDEX project. Estimates of the average long-term values of freshwater inflow in natural conditions and the conditions transformed by water management activity were obtained for each calculation period. It is found that owing to changes in the regional climate for the period of 2021-2050, the total inflow of freshwater from rivers to the estuary in natural conditions will decrease by 23.5 % (by RCP4.5) and by 38.5 % (by RCP8.5) in comparison with the reference period (before 1989). Taking into account the impact of artificial reservoirs, the reduction in the river runoff will be 52.1 % (by RCP4.5) and 64.7 % (by RCP8.5). It is defined, that in case of renaturalization of the Sasyk reservoir into the estuary and the water inflow cut-off from the Danube river, the changes in climatic conditions expected in the first half of the 21st century, combined with water management activity, will result in the increased deficit of annual freshwater balance of the Sasyk reservoir up to 62 % under the RCP4.5 scenario and up to 75 % under the RCP8.5 scenario compared to the period before the emergence of climate change (before 1989). This change must be considered in scientific substantiation of the project on a reversion of the Sasyk Reservoir to the original status of the estuary to ensure such conditions of water exchange with the sea (for compensation of the water balance deficit), which will prevent the long-term trend of salinization.
Methodological basis of zoning of tourism-recreation reserves and tourism potential of Gusar region of the Republic of Azerbaijan
Authors: Tahir Imrani Zaur , Vahid Veliyeva Gunel
Published: September 2021

In modern times, the potential opportunities of the regions are studied using  different methodological approaches to achieve sustainable socio-economic development,  and zoning is carried out in different directions to stimulate their future activities. The  zoning is based on the demand for available resources and takes into account the level of  socio-economic development of the region. At present, the study of tourism in the Republic of Azerbaijan by regions is encouraging  attention due to its relevance. However, research work on the identification of tourism zones in the country and the zoning of these  areas is weak. From this point of view, the article studies the tourism potential of Gusar region and provides a scheme for its tourismrecreation zoning which meets present-day requirements and attracts attention due to its relevance. The article analyses the development  strategy of tourism, which is a new and promising field in the Republic of Azerbaijan, identifies the main directions of this strategy,  and explores ways to solve existing problems. For this purpose, first, the criteria for zoning of tourism and recreation resources were  determined; then natural and anthropogenic tourism resources were assessed through the example of Gusar region; information on  natural and historical-architectural monuments of interest to tourists was provided; the number of hotels operating in the region over  the past five years, the number of rooms, full hotel capacity and overnight stays, as well as the income, expenses, and the difference between them were made on the basis of statistical and comparative analysis. Based on the information obtained, for the first time, a  “Zoning Map of Tourism and Recreation Resources of Gusar Region” was compiled; the strengths and weaknesses of the tourism sector  were identified, and future threats and opportunities for the development of this sector were analysed by means of the SWOT analysis.  According to the analysis, the strengths of the region included the favourable economic and geographical position, the availability of  unique natural and historical-architectural monuments, the availability of natural and ecological conditions to provide recreation for  tourists, and opportunities for ecological, rural, religious, trekking, and other tourism types, etc. Weaknesses included the concentration  of hotels mainly in the region’s centre, insufficient promotion of tourist attractions, poor level of service and vocational training, lack  of guides, etc. The opportunities were high tourism potential, organisation and development of local tourist routes, an abundance of  labour resources, etc., while the threats included the aggravation of the geopolitical situation in the border areas, the intensification of  natural disasters, etc.
A Combinatorial Approach to the Stirling Numbers of the First Kind with Higher Level
Authors: Komatsu Takao , Ramírez José L. , Villamizar Diego
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we investigate a generalization of the classical Stirling numbers of the first kind by considering permutations over tuples with an extra condition on the minimal elements of the cycles. The main focus of this work is the analysis of combinatorial properties of these new objects. We give general combinatorial identities and some recurrence relations. We also show some connections with other sequences such as poly-Cauchy numbers with higher level and central factorial numbers. To obtain our results, we use pure combinatorial arguments and classical manipulations of formal power series.
Real Hypersurfaces in ℂP 2 and ℂH 2 with Cyclic Parallel ∗-Ricci Tensor
Authors: Wang Yaning , Wang Wenjie
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we prove that the ∗-Ricci tensor of a real hypersurface in complex projective plane ℂP
2 or complex hyperbolic plane ℂH
2 is cyclic parallel if and only if the hypersurface is of type (A). We find some three-dimensional real hypersurfaces having non-vanishing and non-parallel ∗-Ricci tensors which are cyclic parallel.
The “k = 1” Case of a Problem of Greene and Kleitman from 1976: Join-Irreducible Elements in the Lattice of Sperner 1-Families
Authors: Farley Jonathan David
Published: September 2021

Let k ≥ 1. A Sperner k-family is a maximum-sized subset of a finite poset that contains no chain with k + 1 elements. In 1976 Greene and Kleitman defined a lattice-ordering on the set Sk(P) of Sperner k-families of a fifinite poset P and posed the problem: “Characterize and interpret the join- and meet-irreducible elements of Sk(P),” adding, “This has apparently not been done even for the case k = 1.”

In this article, the case k = 1 is done.
Świadczyć o Chrystusie : kontekst chrztu, wiary i modlitwy
Authors: Szmulewicz Henryk
Published: September 2021

Benedykt XVI, w kontekście jakże złożonej sytuacji, jaka panuje na świecie, wezwał wszystkich do gorliwego świadectwa o Chrystusie: „Pilne wymogi chwili obecnej i niesprawiedliwość tak wielu dramatycznych sytuacji wymagają – jak czytamy w [Pierwszym] Liście św. Piotra – zjednoczenia, aby wspólnie świadczyć o Chrystusie, który umarł i zmartwychwstał. To bycie razem, ta komunia, jakiej pragnie nasz Pan i Bóg, jest potrzebne bardziej niż kiedykolwiek. Odłóżmy na bok to wszystko, co wydaje się przyczyną niezadowolenia, nawet rzeczy uzasadnione, aby skupić się jednym sercem na tym jednym, co jest konieczne: zjednoczyć w jedynym Synu wszystkich ludzi i cały wszechświat” (Benedykt XVI, Adhortacja apostolska Ecclesia in Medio Oriente). Biorąc te papieskie słowa za motto niniejszej publikacji, autor przywołuje zachęty i wezwania, jakie płyną z dokumentów Kościoła do wierzących na całym świecie. Rozważa powiązanie tego świadectwa z sakramentem chrztu, z decyzją wiary oraz z powinnością modlitwy.
Miłość wpisana w świętość : rozważanie świętości Maryi prowadzi do naśladowania Jej miłości
Authors: Szmulewicz Henryk
Published: September 2021

Poznanie tajemnicy świętości Maryi jest i powinno być połączone z naśladowaniem Jej miłości. Skoro bowiem w drodze do świętości chcemy kierować się orędziem Jezusowej Ewangelii, czyli iść „po śladach ukrzyżowanego Mistrza”, powinniśmy także naśladować miłość Jego Matki. I aby to nasze dążenie i naśladowanie było autentyczne i skuteczne, nieodzownym jest coraz lepsze poznawanie Jej życia i posłannictwa. Nieodzowną jest – jak głosi Sobór – refleksja nad Jej tajemniczą świętością, aby móc naśladować Jej miłość. Sama Maryja od początku była świadoma, że ostatecznym celem Bożego działania w historii ludzkości jest świętość każdego człowieka.
Pertinencia y demanda laboral para la carrera de economía
Authors: Santamaria Quishpe Guido Patricio , Vásquez Erazo Edwin , Pérez López Renato , Vásquez Álvarez Jessie
Published: September 2021

La economía es una ciencia importante que genera relaciones entre la sociedad, la administración pública y privada, contribuye con herramientas específicas para medir la estabilidad de un país, su desarrollo y crecimiento contribuyendo a la generación de políticas públicas que propician la toma de decisiones y el bienestar social. El estudio pretende determinar la pertinencia, la demanda existente y las necesidades de la sociedad para el currículo de la carrera de ECONOMÍA de la Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC), acorde con el marco constitucional, legal y reglamentario vigente. Como metodología se usa el método deductivo y la investigación es de tipo descriptivo. Se realiza el diseño curricular, estableciendo los perfiles profesionales, resultados de aprendizaje y las competencias específicas para la carrera. El cuestionario para determinar la demanda insatisfecha aplicado en una muestra de 115 empresas pertenecientes a la Provincia de Cotopaxi correspondientes a la zona de mayor incidencia. Los resultados muestran que existe una demanda insatisfecha, lo que permite demostrar que la pertinencia y la necesidad de contar con una carrera de economía en la zona es de gran importancia. Se analizó también la tendencia de actores y sectores, en función a instrumentos de Planificación Nacional y Regional, tomando en cuenta los problemas y tensiones que orientaron en la construcción de núcleos básicos y asignaturas contribuyendo en la formación profesional, la satisfacción de necesidades de la zona, tomando en cuenta que la economía se encuentra día a día en todos los ámbitos de nuestra vida cotidiana.