bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perioperative Prophylactic Internal Iliac Artery Balloon Occlusion (Iiabo) in Placental Implantation Abnormalities
Authors: López-Benitez Ruben , Castillo Tomás Reyes Del , Hodel Markus , Lima Thiago VM , Kara Levent , Schmidt Magdalena , Roos Justus E.
Published: March 2021

BackgroundPlacental implantation abnormalities remain among the major causes of massive postpartum hemorrhage and maternal mortality worldwide. To avoid a hysterectomy, prophylactic management with perioperative internal iliac artery balloon occlusion (IIABO) could minimize blood loss and facilitate surgical performance through reductions in the rate of uterine perfusion. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of IIABO in patients with placental implantation abnormalities.ResultsThe study group consisted of 13 patients, including three patients with placenta previa totalis, seven patients with placenta increta, and three patients with placenta percreta. Prophylactic IIABO was performed in all patients. The median estimated blood loss was 700 ml ± 598.8 ml, the median number of red blood cell transfusion units was 0 ± 0.75, and only two patients required uterine artery embolization. The uterus was preserved in eight patients (61.5%), with an average intra-hospitalary stay of 6 ± 3.2 days. The average fetal radiation dose was 4.67 mGy. No complications were attributed to IIABO placement.ConclusionsThe prophylactic use of IIABO in placental implantation abnormalities is an effective and safe method of controlling perioperative bleeding during cesarean section and hysterectomy. Indications should be strictly controlled, and interdisciplinary planning and management are mandatory.
Gait biofeedback training in people with Parkinson’s disease: a pilot study
Authors: McMaster Kate , Cole Michael H , Chalkley Daniel , Creaby Mark W.
Published: March 2021

Background

People with Parkinson’s disease (PD) are at a high risk of falls, with ~ 60% experiencing a fall each year. Greater mediolateral head and pelvis motion during gait are known to increase the risk of falling in PD, however the ability to modify these aspects of gait has not been examined. Thus, this study aimed to examine whether mediolateral trunk, head and pelvis motion during walking could be successfully decreased in people with PD using real-time biofeedback.
Methods

Participants were provided with real-time biofeedback regarding their mediolateral trunk lean via a visual projection whilst walking along an 8-metre indoor walkway.
Using the feedback provided, they were
asked to reduce the magnitude of their mediolateral trunk
lean.

Gait was recorded for four conditions (i) Baseline, (ii) Intervention, (iii) immediately Post-Intervention, and (iv) one-week Follow-Up. Biomechanical variables associated with falls risk were compared between conditions, including normalised mediolateral motion, gait velocity and stride length.
Results

A reduction in mediolateral trunk lean, step length and gait velocity from Baseline to the Intervention and Post-intervention conditions was observed. Contrary to this, increased normalised ML pelvis and trunk motion was observed between the Baseline and Intervention conditions, but returned to Baseline levels in the Post-Intervention condition.
Conclusions

Results from the current study suggest that real-time visual biofeedback may be effective at modifying specific gait characteristics that are associated with falls in PD. Further research is required to better understand the influence of this intervention approach has upon falls incidence.
Trial Registration:

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12620000994987. Registered 10 June 2020 - Retrospectively registered, https://anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=380324.
Peer Supported Open Dialogue in the National Health Service: Implementing and Evaluating a New Approach to Mental Health Care
Authors: Kinane Catherine , Osborne James , Ishaq Yasmin , Colman Marcus , MacInnes Douglas
Published: March 2021

BackgroundOpen Dialogue, an approach to mental health care which is based on collaboration between an individual and their family and social network, originated in Western Lapland in the 1980’s and has been developing internationally. Our quest for better approaches to Mental Health Care with improved carer and service user experience led us to develop and test a model of Peer Supported Open Dialogue (POD). There is no research currently looking at the impact of a standalone POD model in an NHS community team so this study evaluates its implementation, clinical effectiveness and value to service users, their families and NHS staff. Method50 service users treated by the POD Team were recruited with additional participants from family and wider social network. Questionnaires covering wellbeing, functioning, satisfaction were collected through validated scales completed at baseline, three and six months. Data regarding adherence was collected following each network meeting. Data from electronic medical records was collected looking at functioning, contact rate, those in employment or full-time education and the mean bed days per episode of care between service users receiving POD compared to traditional services. Results Service users treated were young people with a mean age of 35 years, slightly more males than females. The approach was effective on service user reported measures of wellbeing and functioning. Clinician reported measure showed better outcomes than treatment as usual at the six month point. There was a marked increase in perceived support by carers which increased across the study. Over half the meetings were attended by carers. The POD group had greater face to face contact, longer contact times and an important clinical difference in the number of bed days used. Clinician adherence to the model was very high. The Community Mental Health Survey showed high satisfaction rates for service users including carer involvement.Conclusions It was possible to transform to deliver a clinically effective POD service in the NHS. This innovative approach provided continuity of care within the social network, with improved carer support and high satisfaction for service users, carers and clinicians.Trial registration: (isrctn.com/ISRCTN36004039. Retrospectively registered 04 January 2019.
Influence of Coal Gangue Mulching With Various Thicknesses and Particle Sizes on Soil Water Characteristics
Authors: Han Xiu-Na , Dong Ying , Geng Yu-qing , Li Na , Zhang Chao-Ying
Published: March 2021

Water availability seriously affects vegetation restoration in arid mining areas, and mulching is an effective way to improve soil water conditions. Coal gangue occupies large swathes of land resources, resulting in ecological fragility and various environmental problems. Despite coal gangue having mineral elements similar to those in soil, its potential function as a mulch for soil water conservation has been unclear. Herein, mulching on the surfaces of soil columns was conducted using four particle size ranges and four thicknesses under laboratory conditions to investigate water infiltration and evaporation under different conditions. Apart from the treatments with particle size of 0–0.5 cm, the remaining mulch treatments with 16 cm thickness involved greater infiltration and lower evaporation. Therefore, we recommend a 16 cm-thick mulch treatment as the preferred mulching style. Treatments with a particle size of 0–0.5 cm and those with 4-cm thickness are not suggested due to their lower infiltration and higher evaporation characteristics. Overall, to enhance the soil water storage capacity in mining areas, the results suggest that mulching coal gangue with particle size exceeding 0.5 cm and a thickness exceeding 8 cm is suitable.
Numerical Evaluation of the Performances of the Ventilation System in a Blast Furnace Casthouse
Authors: Wang Hui , Wang Tianying , Liu liuchan , Long Zhengwei , Zhang Pu
Published: March 2021

The blast furnace casthouse is a typical heavy-polluting factory building of a steel enterprise. During the tapping process and the taphole opening, the dust concentration in the factory building's workroom can reach tens of thousands mg/m³. Over time, the air pollutants in the workplace can have unwanted consequences on employees' health. This paper selected a typical blast furnace tapping workshop and measured on-site the characteristics of the wind speed distribution, temperature distribution, and soot concentration distribution during the taping period. A numerical simulation model was established to analyze the taphole smoke exhaust system's performance based on computational fluid dynamics. The findings are: the velocity, temperature, and smoke density distributions in the workplace were very uneven, and the thermal comfort of the workers' area was relatively poor. Also, the concentration of PM2.5 was mostly below 80μg/m³. Besides, due to the plant's on-site measurement, real data was obtained for numerical simulation verification, making the evaluation of the entire plant's ventilation performance more reliable. Hence, this article's finding provides a scientific basis for optimizing the air distribution in the blast furnace cast house's workplace.
The Effect of Magnetic Field on the Dynamics of Gas Bubbles in Water Electrolysis
Authors: Li Yan-Hom , Chen Yen-Ju
Published: March 2021

In this work, the movement of the gas bubbles evolved from the platinum electrodes in the influence of various magnetic field configurations are experimentally investigated. The oxygen and hydrogen bubbles respectively evolve from the surface of anode and cathode have distinctive behaviors in the presence of magnetic fields due to their paramagnetic and diamagnetic characteristics. The magnetic field perpendicular to the surface of the horizontal electrode induces the revolution of the bubbles. The opposite revolution direction between the oxygen and hydrogen bubbles cause the swirling of the flow and spread out the bubbles between the electrode which enhances the conductivity and electrolysis effectiveness. On the other hand, the vertical electrodes in the influence of a parallel magnetic field induce horizontal Lorentz force which effectively spells out the bubbles and increases the conductivity and electrolysis effectiveness as well. However, when the layouts of the electrode and magnetic field result in upward or downward Lorentz forces which competes with the buoyancy force, the sluggish flow in the duct would hinder the movement of the bubbles and decrease the conductivity and charging performance. This phenomenon affects the corresponding natural convection and mass transport as well. These results propose the optimal layout of the electrode and magnetic field which is useful to enhance the conductivity or the effectiveness in water electrolysis.
Mechanism of the Fungal-like Particles in the Inhibition of Adipogenesis in 3t3-l1 Adipocytes
Authors: Jakkawanpitak Chanawee , Inafuku Masashi , Oku Hirosuke , Hutadilok-Towatana Nongporn , Bunkrongcheap Ruthaiwan , Sermwittayawong Natthawan , Aiemchareon Piyapat , Sermwittayawong Decha
Published: March 2021

The dynamic ability of adipocytes in adipose tissue to store lipid in response to changes in the nutritional input and inflammatory elicitors has a major impact on human health. Previously, we established laminarin-coated beads or LCB as an inflammatory elicitor for adipocytes. However, it was not clear whether LCB inhibits lipid accumulation in adipocytes. Here, we show that LCB acts in the early stage of adipogenesis through both IRAK and SYK pathways, resulting in the activation of the AMPK and NF-kB complexes, which subsequently cause cell cycle arrest, suppression of C/EBPb, PPARg, C/EBPa, FAS, FABP4, and ACC proteins, downregulation of other transcription factors and enzymes, such as Pparg, C/ebpa, Srebp-1, Lpl, and Fas gene expression, inhibition of adipogenesis, and stimulation of an inflammatory response. Unlike the inhibition of adipogenesis, LCB could stimulate an inflammatory response at any stage of differentiation. In addition, we find that Tlr2 and Clec7a/Dectin-1 but not Tlr4 and Cd36 gene expression are upregulated upon the treatment with LCB, suggesting that TLR2 and CLEC7A/Dectin-1 might be the b-glucan receptors for the cells. Together, we present the mechanism of LCB, as fungal-like particles, that elicit an inflammatory response and inhibit adipogenesis at the early stage of differentiation.
Effects of Clinical Characteristics on Sleep Quality in Patients with Chronic Temporomandibular Disorders
Authors: Lee Yeon-Hee , Auh Q-Schick , An Jung-Sub , Kim Tae
Published: March 2021

Objectives: We aimed to investigate and compare sleep quality between patients with chronic temporomandibular disorder and healthy controls, and to analyze the association of sleep quality with disease characteristics, obstructive sleep apnea risk factors, and excessive daytime sleepiness. Methods: Chronic temporomandibular disorder patients (n=503) and 180 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included, who completed well-organized clinical report and answered questions on sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), sleep apnea risk factors (STOP-Bang questionnaire), and excessive daytime sleepiness (Epworth sleepiness scale). Results: Mean global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores were significantly higher in the patients (6.25±2.77) than in healthy controls (6.25±2.77) (p<0.001). Poor sleep was significantly more prevalent in the patient group (56.9%) than in healthy controls (22.2%) (p<0.001). Compared with healthy controls, chronic temporomandibular disorder patients had a higher likelihood of obstructive sleep apnea (STOP-Bang total score ≥3; 7.2% vs. 16.1%; p<0.01) and higher excessive daytime sleepiness (Epworth sleepiness scale score ≥10; 12.8% vs. 19.7%; p<0.05). Age (odds ratio=2.551; p<0.001), female sex (odds ratio=1.885; p=0.007), total Epworth sleepiness scale score (odds ratio=1.839; p=0.014), and headache attributed to temporomandibular disorder (odds ratio=1.519; p=0.049) were the most powerful predictors of poor sleep (global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score ≥5) in chronic temporomandibular disorder patients. Discussion: Chronic temporomandibular disorder patients had sleep quality impairment. Various factors, including peripheral and central factors, affect the patient's sleep quality. Therefore, in addition to sleep quality and sleep-related problems, the underlying central mechanism for poor sleep quality should be assessed when treating chronic temporomandibular disorder patients.
Preoperative Erythrocyte Aggregation Exponent May Affect Postoperative Risk of Deep Venous Thrombosis in Patients With Primary Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Xiaoyu Dai , Pu Ying , Peng Xu , Zhihui Huang , Huan Li , Naidong Zhang , Wenge Ding
Published: March 2021

Background: The factors leading to venous thromboembolism (VTE) have been known for a long time. Previous data has suggested a potential link between erythrocyte aggregation (EA) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Considering a relatively large number of patients who need total knee arthroplasty (TKA) surgery due to primary knee osteoarthritis (KOA), this study is tried to verify whether preoperative EA may have an effect on postoperative DVT after TKA in these patients.Methods: A total of 750 KOA patients accepted unilateral TKA were enrolled from March 2010 to May 2020. On the third day after surgery, they all accepted the color Doppler ultrasound examination of both legs for deep veins and were subsequently divided into DVT and non-DVT groups. We made a thorough analysis to demonstrate the specific association of EA exponent before TKA and DVT risk after TKA.Results: Low EA exponent was a significant risk factor for DVT in patients with primary KOA (p<0.05), especially in females after stratifying by gender (p<0.05). Conclusions: Our results suggested that low EA before TKA was substantially associated with a high post-surgery DVT risk in primary KOA patients. Timely and effective anticoagulant therapy for such patients was required.
In-hospital Mortality Prediction among Patients with Fractures of Pelvis and Acetabulum in Intensive Care Unit: Machine Learning versus Conventional System
Authors: Cai Yanrong , Jiang Xiang , Dai Weifan , Yu Qinyuan
Published: March 2021

BackgroundFractures of pelvis and/or Acetabulum are leading risks of death worldwide. However, the capability of in-hospital mortality prediction by conventional system is so far limited. Here, we hypothesis that the use of machine learning (ML) algorithms could provide better performance of prediction than the traditional scoring system Simple Acute Physiologic Score (SAPS) II for patients with pelvic and acetabular trauma in intensive care unit (ICU).MethodsWe developed customized mortality prediction models with ML techniques based on MIMIC-III, an open access de-defined database consisting of data from more than 25,000 patients who were admitted to the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC). 307 patients were enrolled with an ICD-9 diagnosis of pelvic, acetabular or combined pelvic and acetabular fractures and who had an ICU stay more than 72 hours. ML models including decision tree, logistic regression and random forest were established by using the SAPS II features from the first 72 hours after ICU admission and the traditional first-24-hours features were used to build respective control models. We evaluated and made a comparison of each model’s performance through the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Feature importance method was used to visualize top risk factors for disease mortality.ResultsAll the ML models outperformed the traditional scoring system SAPS II (AUROC=0.73), among which the best fitted random forest model had the supreme performance (AUROC of 0.90). With the use of evolution of physiological features over time rather than 24-hours snapshots, all the ML models performed better than respective controls. Age remained the top of feature importance for all classifiers. Age, BUN (minimum value on day 2), and BUN (maximum value on day 3) were the top 3 predictor variables in the optimal random forest experiment model. In the best decision tree model, the top 3 risk factors, in decreasing order of contribution, were age, the lowest systolic blood pressure on day 1 and the same value on day 3.ConclusionThe results suggested that mortality modeling with ML techniques could aid in better performance of prediction for models in the context of pelvic and acetabular trauma and potentially support decision-making for orthopedics and ICU practitioners.
Dual-energy three compartment breast imaging (3CB) for novel compositional biomarkers to improve detection of malignant lesions
Authors: Leong Lambert , Malkov Serghei , Drukker Karen , Niell Bethany , Sadowski Peter , Wolfgruber Thomas , Greenwood Heather , Joe Bonnie , Kerlikowske Karla , Giger Maryellen , Shepherd John John
Published: March 2021

We explore a compositional breast imaging technique known as three compartment breast (3CB) to improve malignancy detection. The addition of 3CB compositional information to computer-aided detection (CAD) software improved malignancy predictions resulting in an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.81 (confidence interval (CI) of 0.74-0.88) on a held-out test set, while CAD software alone achieved an AUC of 0.69 (CI 0.60-0.78). We also identified that invasive breast cancers have a unique compositional signature characterized by reduced lipid content and increased water and protein content when compared to surrounding tissues. Clinically, 3CB may potentially provide increased accuracy in predicting malignancy and a feasible avenue to explore compositional breast imaging biomarkers.
A Method for Solving Initial and Boundary Value Fuzzy differential equations by Mellin Transform
Authors: Azhar Noreen , Iqbal Saleem
Published: March 2021

This Paper is involved fuzzy concepts of Mellin transform along with its properties by proposed methods. The study involved also the proposed techniques for solving initial and boundary value fuzzy differential equations under strongly generalized differentiability concepts.
Mathematical Analysis of A Tuberculosis-Lymphatic filariasis Co-infection Model
Authors: Iyare Egberanmwen Barry , Akhaze Rosemary Uwaila , Ako Ignatius Imariabe
Published: March 2021

An Ordinary Differential Equation(ODE) co-infection model of Tuberculosis-Lymphatic filariasis is proposed with 17 mutually disjoint compartments. We showed that the model is Mathematically and Epidemiologically well-posed and the disease-free equilibrium(DFE) of the co-infection model is locally asymptotically stable if R_O<1, it is unstable if R_O>1. The numerical results show that lymphatic \textit{filariasis} infection increases susceptibility to tuberculosis infection. This is in agreement with literature that, persons with lowered immunity such as HIV, diabetes, immune disorder etc are at a higher risk of contacting infectious diseases. We also found that increasing the rate of diagnosis and treatment of active tuberculosis and symptomatic lymphatic \textit{filariasis} cases, the incidence of co-infection in the community can be reduced, and that if resources are limited, efforts should be targeted at treating only the co-infected cases. Sensitivity analysis showed that increasing mosquito mortality rate, reducing the probability of mosquito infecting humans, reducing the probability of humans infecting mosquitoes, reducing mosquitoes recruitment rate by destroying mosquitoes breeding sites and reducing the number of times a mosquito bites human will bring down the reproduction number to less than unity.
Tumor Mutational Burden and Survival in Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients
Authors: Ding Haiyang , Yan Shu , Han Yuying , Ji Zhenguo , Yang Peiqian
Published: March 2021

Background: Papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) is the second most prevalent subtype of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), accounting for 15% of all RCCs. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) is a promising prognostic factor in many types of cancers. The present study aimed to investigate the association between TMB and patient survival in PRCC patients.Methods: Genomic and clinical data of 281 PRCC patients were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Overall survival (OS) was compared between patients with high and low TMB using the Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank tests. Gene expression comparison and immune cell fraction comparison were performed using Student’s t test or Wilcoxon’s rank-sum test. Results: Patients with high TMB tumors had longer OS than those with low TMB tumors. Among tumor-infiltrating immune cells, high TMB tumors were associated with high levels of CD4+ T-cell infiltration, which were further associated with better survival. Furthermore, low TMB tumors were associated with a high level of infiltration of regulatory T-cells and dendritic cells. Among immune checkpoint genes, low TMB tumors expressed high levels of CD274, PDCD1LG2, LAG3, and TGFB1, and these genes were associated with a poor prognosis in PRCC. Among cytokine-related genes, low TMB tumors were associated with a high expression of IL6, whereas high TMB tumors were associated with a high expression of IFNA1.Conclusions: High TMB indicated better survival outcomes in PRCC patients. High TMB was associated with anti-tumor immune cell infiltration, whereas low TMB was associated with high expression of checkpoint genes that indicated a worse prognosis in RCC. Moreover, TMB was associated with the expression of immune cytokines. Thus, TMB may be a novel prognostic factor in PRCC.
Intraoperative Ultrasound Guided compared to Stereotactic Navigated Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Placement: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Leu Severina , Halbeisen Florian , Mariani Luigi , Soleman Jehuda
Published: March 2021

Background

Ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) placement is one of the most frequent neurosurgical procedures. The position of the proximal ventricular catheter is important since it influences shunt functioning and survival. With freehand placement rates of malpositioned VPS are still high. Several navigation techniques for improvement of shunt placement have been development. Data comparing these techniques is sparse. The aim of this study is to prospectively compare ultrasound (US) guided to stereotactic navigated shunt placement with the focus on safety and feasibility.

Methods

In this prospective randomized, single-centre study we include all patients undergoing VPS placement in our clinic. The patients are randomized into two groups, one group undergoing US guided and the other group stereotactic navigated VPS placement. The study primarily seeks to compare the surgical intervention time between the two methods. Secondary objectives are different aspects of feasibility and safety of both methods.

Discussion

To date, there is no data available about the prospective comparison of these navigation techniques regarding feasibility and safety. A randomized controlled study is urgently needed in order to provide class I evidence for the best possible treatment of this large group of patients.
The underlying mechanisms of bilateral cerebral remodeling and acupuncture for rehabilitation after post-stroke hemiplegia: study protocol for a cross-sectional multimodal fMRI trial
Authors: Geng Hualei , Wang Yue , Wang Yahui , Jiang Lan , Chen Pei , Lu Mengxin , Du Zhongming , Chen Chen , Wu Kang , Tang Lixin , Tan Zhongjian , Li Kuangshi , Zou Yihuai
Published: March 2021

Background

Acupuncture plays a positive role in promoting the rehabilitation of post-stroke hemiplegia, but its specific central effect mechanism remains unclear. The changes of cerebral integrity, bilateral regulation and coordination are closer to the actual running state of brain after injury, while the research on bilateral cerebral reconstruction after unilateral motor pathway injury is not sufficient. The study of cerebral functional remodeling after stroke and mechanisms of acupuncture for post-stroke hemiplegia still faces many challenges. This study will explore the the underlying mechanisms of bilateral cerebral remodeling and acupuncture for post-stroke hemiplegia rehabilitation.
Methods

This is a single-center, cross-sectional, multimodal functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) study, with participants and data analyst blinded. 24 post-stroke patients with motor dysfunction and 24 healthy subjects that meet the inclusion criteria will be recruited in this study. All the patients enrolled in this study will receive the conventional standard medical care according to their chief doctors. Clinical data including motor function scales, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP), other related scales as well as fMRI imaging data will be collected at baseline and 2 weeks later. Functional connectivity(FC) is the primary and core outcome indicator of this study. Voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC), fractional anisotropy (FA),voxel-based morphometry (VBM), Fugl-Meyer Assessment(FMA) and hs-CRP are secondary outcome indicators. During the MRI scan, true or sham Yanglingquan(GB34) acupuncture stimulation on the left side and passive finger movement will be performed on the participants. The connection between cerebral imaging indicators and clinical indicators will be obtained by calculating the Pearson’s correlation coefficient.
Discussion

The results of our study will help to understand the cerebral remodeling mechanism of motor function improvement after stroke better and provide data support for the better application of acupuncture in clinical practice.
Trial registration:

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR1900022220). Regisered on 30 March 2019. http://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=37359
Mental health specialist video consultations versus treatment as usual in patients with depression or anxiety disorders in primary care: study protocol for an individually randomised superiority trial (the PROVIDE-C trial)
Authors: Haun Markus W. , Tönnies Justus , Brinster Regina , Weber Dorothea , Wensing Michel , Szecsenyi Joachim , Vomhof Markus , Icks Andrea , Wild Beate , Hartmann Mechthild , Friederich Hans-Christoph
Published: March 2021

Background: The majority of people with mental disorders, including those with severe and chronic disorders, are treated solely by their general practitioner (GP). Nevertheless, specialised mental health care may be required for specific patients. Notably, the accessibility of mental health specialist care is mainly complicated by (a) long waiting times for an appointment with specialists, (b) long travel distances to specialists, particularly in rural and remote areas and (c) patients’ reservations about mental health specialist care (including fear of being stigmatised by seeking such care). To mitigate those barriers, technology-based integrated care models have been proposed. The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a mental health specialist video consultations model versus treatment as usual in patients with depression or anxiety disorders in primary care. Methods: In an individually randomised, prospective, two-arm superiority trial with parallel group design, N = 320 patients with anxiety and/or depressive disorder will be recruited in general practices. The intervention includes a newly developed treatment model based on video consultations with focus on diagnostics, treatment planning, and short-term intervention by mental health specialists. We will systematically compare the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and adverse effects of this new model with usual care by the GP: The primary outcome is the absolute change in the mean depressive and anxiety symptom severity measured on the Patient Health Questionnaire Anxiety and Depression Scale (PHQ-ADS) from baseline to 6 months after baseline assessment. Follow-up in both groups will be conducted by blinded outcome assessors at 6 months and 12 months after baseline. The main analysis will be based on the intention-to-treat principle. We will optimise the likelihood of treatment effectiveness by strict inclusion criteria for patients, enhanced intervention integrity, and conducting a process evaluation. Discussion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first confirmatory study on a video-based, integrated care model for the treatment of anxiety and depressive disorders in GP patients in Germany. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, United States National Institutes of Health (NCT04316572, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04316572). Prospectively registered on 20 March 2020.
New taxa and new records of Afrotropical Epermeniidae (Lepidoptera) with a distributional checklist
Authors: Gaedike Reinhard
Published: March 2021

The study of specimens, collected by David Agassiz in several African countries and in Madagascar, together with some specimens collected by Wolfram Mey, enabled not only the confirmation of some country records, but also the description of two new species (Epermenia (Calotripis) larseni and E. (C.) albofasciata), the description of the hitherto unknown female genitalia of Epermenia minuta Gaedike, 2004 and Ochromolopis namibica Gaedike, 2004 and the male genitalia of Ochromolopis xeropa (Meyrick, 1909). Two first records (Africepermenia tanzanica Gaedike, 2004 and Phaulernis montuosa Gaedike, 2013) for Zimbabwe and one for Kenya (Epermenia triacuta Gaedike, 2013) were made. A distribution list showing hitherto known occurrence of the family in the Afrotropics is presented.

Nomenclatural acts

Epermenia (Calotripis) larseni spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:FD37A601-032A-472B-9599-9E6DBCE52738Epermenia (Calotripis) albofasciata spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:EB6346C8-5761-4BFE-96F1-1FFD4B0A8FF0
Screening of Donated Blood for Transfusion Transmitted Infections by Serology and Response Rate to Notification of Reactive Results: A Tertiary Care Institutional Experience
Authors: Bhalara Rohit Vasantbhai , Shah Payal , Kothari Ravi Kiritkumar , Dhruva Gauravi
Published: March 2021

Background: Safety for blood Transfusion begins with healthy donors. A basic part of preventing transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs) is to notify and counsel reactive donors. This study analysed trends in the prevalence of transfusion-transmissible infectious pathogens among blood donors and notify them as well as to assess response rate among them. Donor notification and counselling protect the health of the donor and stop secondary transmission of infectious diseases.

Methods: 38707 blood donations were screened for TTIs, namely, HIV, HBV, HCV, and syphilis, Malarial Parasite by serology. ELISA testing for anti-HIV antibody, anti-HCV antibody and HBsAg and RPR test for syphilis, Rapid card test for Malarial Parasite. All reactive donors were retested in duplicate and notified of their status by communicating through telephone. 

Result: We evaluated 341 (0.88%) cases with reactive screening test results (0.617% HBV, 0.016% HCV, 0.134% HIV, 0.08% syphilis, 0.031% Malaria ). Only 179 donors (52.5%) responded to notification. The response among voluntary donors was better as compared to the replacement donors (54.1 % versus 40.7 %). Only 101 (57.22%) responsive donors followed their first attendance at referral clinic. 

Conclusion: Our study provides prevalence rate of TTIs among blood donors and importance of proper donor counselling and notification of TTI status to all reactive donors who opt to receive this information.
Entanglement gap, corners, and symmetry breaking
Authors: Alba Vincenzo
Published: March 2021

We investigate the finite-size scaling of the lowest entanglement gap
\delta\xiδξ
in the ordered phase of the two-dimensional quantum spherical model
(QSM). The entanglement gap decays as \delta\xi=\Omega/\sqrt{L\ln(L)}δξ=Ω/Lln(L).
This is in contrast with the purely logarithmic behaviour as
\delta\xi=\pi^2/\ln(L)δξ=π2/ln(L)
at the critical point. The faster decay in the ordered phase reflects
the presence of magnetic order. We analytically determine the constant
\OmegaΩ,
which depends on the low-energy part of the model dispersion and on the
geometry of the bipartition. In particular, we are able to compute the
corner contribution to \OmegaΩ,
at least for the case of a square corner.
Intervención psicosocial en crianza contemporánea
Authors:   Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, Bedoya Cardona Ledy Maryory , Herrera Rivera Ovidio ,   Universidad Católica Luis Amigó
Published: March 2021

Las familias y con ellas la crianza, se conciben dinámicas y evolutivas en el tiempo, de ahí la necesidad de intervenciones psicosociales que estén en sintonía con sus necesidades y demandas. Al respecto, este libro resultado de investigación, no se trata de un manual para los profesionales que atienden el tema, más bien genera un contexto de reflexividad que convoca a la cualificación constante, en atención a la complejidad que reviste el proceso de crianza y la relación con los profesionales que lo apoyan y acompañan. De este modo, se describen entre otros aspectos, algunas estrategias y técnicas que pueden ser útiles para quienes contribuyen al crecimiento integral de las familias, particularmente en el tema de crianza, auspiciando un ambiente de bienestar.
Evaluación de sólidos solubles en recursos forrajeros del trópico alto en el departamento de Nariño
Authors: Cardona-Iglesias Juan L. , Urbano-Estrada María F. , Castro-Rincón Edwin
Published: March 2021

En los sistemas ganaderos de trópico alto colombiano, la estacionalidad forrajera, y el déficit energético de las dietas en bovinos, son las mayores limitantes para potencializar la productividad animal. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la concentración de sólidos solubles, en dos especies arbustivas perennes (Tithonia diversifolia (T.d) y Sambucus nigra (S.n), edad: 60 días (d) y dos variedades de ryegrass (Lolium perenne) Columbia y Samson (edad: 32 d) en el Centro de investigación Obonuco de Agrosavia (Pasto-Nariño). Los datos fueron analizados bajo un diseño completamente al azar con arreglo de medida repetida tomando como unidad experimental las parcelas de evaluación tanto en las arbustivas como en las gramíneas. Se midió la concentración de sólidos solubles (%Ss), en tres horarios (7:30 a.m., 11:30 a.m. y 3:00 p.m.), la composición nutricional y producción de biomasa; para el análisis se utilizó el software R V. 3.5.1 a través de ANAVA y pruebas de comparación de medias (tukey<0,05). Los datos indicaron mayor concentración (p<0,05) de Ss para S.n (12,5%) en comparación con las demás especies. Los mayores valores numéricos de Ss en todas las especies se presentaron en el horario de las 3:00 p.m. y los menores a las 7:30 a.m. A nivel nutricional hubo diferencia (p<0,05) para los carbohidratos no estructurales (CNE), siendo mayores para S.n (29,5%) respecto a T.d (25,4%). La producción de biomasa (MS/t/ha/año), fue mayor (p<0,05) para T.d (22,8 t) respecto a S.n (11,4 t). Los resultados obtenidos de Ss para los recursos forrajeros evaluados son de gran importancia para estimar el valor energético de estos forrajes en alimentación animal.
Parámetros de rendimiento en gallinas ponedoras y pollos de engorde que recibieron dietas que contenían maíz colombiano y maíz importado de los Estados Unidos
Authors: Díaz Gonzalo J. , Aguillón-Páez Yandy J. , Betancourt Liliana
Published: March 2021

Este estudio evaluó posibles diferencias en el rendimiento zootécnico y los parámetros de calidad del huevo en gallinas ponedoras y pollos de engorde alimentados con dietas formuladas con maíz producido en Colombia o maíz importado de los Estados Unidos. Para el ensayo con gallinas ponedoras, se utilizaron 80 gallinas Hy-Line Brown de 24 semanas de edad que se distribuyeron aleatoriamente en dos tratamientos, cada uno con 40 aves enjauladas individualmente. Las dietas contenían 56,7% de maíz y se proporcionó ad libitum durante 20 semanas. Para el ensayo con pollos de engorde, se utilizaron 352 pollos Ross 308 AP machos de un día de edad que se distribuyeron aleatoriamente en dos tratamientos, con 8 réplicas de 22 aves cada una. Las dietas contenían 51,0% (iniciador) a 59,6% (finalizador) de maíz y se proporcionaron ad libitum durante 35 días. Durante las 20 semanas experimentales del ensayo con las ponedoras se observó una tendencia a un mayor peso del huevo (p=0,06) en las gallinas alimentadas con la dieta que contenía maíz nacional (61,4 vs. 59,9 g), acompañada de una conversión alimenticia ligeramente inferior (1,95 vs.1,97). En cuanto a la calidad del huevo, el color de la yema mostró valores más altos (p < 0,01) para los huevos de las gallinas alimentadas con maíz nacional en las semanas 4 y 12, pero más bajos en la semana 20. Las unidades de Haugh fueron significativamente más altas (p= 0,002) en los huevos de las aves alimentadas con maíz nacional (106 vs. 102). El ensayo con pollos de engorde mostró una conversión alimenticia acumulada significativamente menor (p=0,04) para los pollos alimentados con la dieta que contenía maíz nacional en comparación con los alimentados con el maíz importado (1,37 vs. 1,42). El rendimiento en canal para la pechuga fue significativamente mayor (p < 0,01) en los pollos alimentados con el maíz importado (27,9% vs. 26,3%). Los resultados de estos dos ensayos mostraron algunas diferencias en los parámetros de producción en gallinas y pollos de engorde que favorecieron el uso de maíz nacional en comparación con el maíz importado. Sin embargo, se requieren más estudios para determinar si estas diferencias se observan en ciclos de producción completos (gallinas ponedoras) e investigar posibles diferencias utilizando como modelo experimental otras especies animales.
Метод количественного описания фиксированных гистологических образцов с помощью цифровой голографической микроскопии
Authors: Белашов А.В. , Жихорева А.А.
Published: March 2021

A novel method for the quantitative characterization of fixed histological samples based on the statistical analysis of their phase images obtained using digital holographic microscopy is developed and presented. The proposed approach allows for fully automated processing of reconstructed phase images and obtaining quantitative data of morphological and optical characteristics of histological tissues structures. The method was validated on three histological samples of different types of tissues: ciliated columnar epithelium, elastic cartilage, and liver.
Детонация горючей газовой смеси при взаимодействии ударной волны с эллиптической областью тяжелого инертного газа
Authors: Георгиевский П.Ю. , Левин В.А. , Сутырин О.Г.
Published: March 2021

On the basis of the Euler equations, the interaction of a shock wave in a combustible gas with an elliptical bubble of an inert gas of increased density is numerically simulated within a plane two-dimensional formulation. The finite-volume Godunov-type method of the second order of approximation is applied. Gas combustion is modeled using the Korobeinikov-Levin two-stage kinetics. Various values of the Mach number of the incident wave and the elongation of the inert bubble are considered, and the refraction and focusing of the incident shock are described. Qualitatively different regimes of gas detonation initiation have been found, including direct initiation by a strong wave, ignition upon reflection of an average-intensity wave from the gas interface, and upon focusing of secondary shock waves at lower shock Mach numbers. The dependence of the ignition mode on the shock intensity and the shape of the bubble is determined.
Метод расчета поверхностных механических напряжений в осесимметричных магнитных системах
Authors: Андреев А.К.
Published: March 2021

A method is proposed for calculating the mechanical stresses of magnetic and current systems, calculated from the energy density of a uniformly magnetized cylinder. For the calculation, an average in volume demagnetizing factor of the cylinder is introduced, which is proportional to the ratio of the cylinder diameter to its length . It is shown that the demagnetization energy , negligible for a "long" cylinder , ( ), becomes decisive in the formation of stresses at . The radial and axial stresses are investigated in a wide range of ratios.
Формирование сверхтвердых покрытий в процессе обработки низкотемпературной плазмой азота в открытой атмосфере пленок титана
Authors: Гаджиев М.Х. , Эмиров Р.М. , Муслимов А.Э. , Исмаилов М.Г. , Каневский В.М.
Published: March 2021

Results of the formation of superhard coatings in the low-temperature nitrogen plasma treatment process in the open atmosphere of titanium films on sapphire substrates are given. It is shown that during plasma treatment a coating of nitrogen-containing TiO2 with rutile structure is formed with a double increase (in comparison with rutile TiO2) of microhardness (up to 27 GPa). The application of this coating leads to hardening of the surface of sapphire plates by 22-23%. High productivity and implementation of synthesis in an open atmosphere make it possible to consider the proposed procedure is promising for the production of superhard coatings with high resistance to oxygen.
Smartphone Usage at Bedtime: The Effect of Sleep–Smartphone Hygiene, Trait Anxiety, and FOMO on Sleep Quality
Authors: Shoval Dorit , Tal Nama , Tzischinsky Orna ,   Educational Counselling Department , The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, Emek Yezreel, Israel
Published: March 2021

The present study was aimed to examine the relationship of sleep–smartphone hygiene, i.e., the habits of smartphone usage in the sleep environment, with the sleep quality among students and whether this relationship could be explained through psychological factors. A total of 467 Israeli college students were investigated using five questionnaires, namely, Sleep–Smartphone Hygiene Questionnaire (SSHQ), Fear of Missing Out Scale (FoMOs), Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and a demographic questionnaire. The analysis of the collected data revealed positive Pearson’s correlations among sleep–smartphone hygiene, trait anxiety, FOMO, and sleep quality. The moderation model was observed to be significant, indicating that sleep quality could be predicted on the basis of sleep–smartphone hygiene, trait anxiety, and FOMO, which together explained 20% of the variance in the sleep quality. Trait anxiety was determined to be a moderating variable for the relationship between sleep–smartphone hygiene and sleep quality. These findings have important implications in understanding the effect of smartphone usage on sleep quality and developing an evidence-based intervention program for the students to cope with the impairment of sleep quality. It is recommended to design interventions that would address both behavioral change and the intrapersonal aspects such as trait anxiety.
Visibility Versus Privacy of Physicians in the Age of Social Media (Preprint)
Authors: Patel Sunny J , Guddati Achuta K
Published: March 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

As access to the internet has grown over the years, social media has become an important resource in the health care sector. Third-party physician-rating websites in particular have gained popularity. However, there are ethical implications of such websites. These websites provide a platform for patients to evaluate and review physicians and likewise increase visibility and advertisement of physicians, but they also violate the rights to privacy that these doctors should have. This paper aims to study and assess the ethical implications of these websites on the visibility and privacy of physicians. After presenting the ethical dilemma associated with such websites, it provides guidelines that can be incorporated by both physicians and third-party sites to help maintain physician privacy while providing public service in the form of advertisement and visibility.
Effect of a Brief Web-Based Educational Intervention on Willingness to Consider Human Papillomavirus Vaccination for Children in Japan: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Suzuki Yukio , Sukegawa Akiko , Ueda Yutaka , Sekine Masayuki , Enomoto Takayuki , Miyagi Etsuko
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rate in Japan has fallen to nearly zero since the suspension of governmental proactive recommendations in 2013, owing to the development of purported adverse events.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a brief web-based educational intervention using the theory of behavioral insights on the willingness of adults to consider the HPV vaccine for their daughters and sons.

METHODS

We recruited 1660 participants aged 20 years or older in March 2018 via a webpage and provided them with a 10-item questionnaire related to the following aspects: awareness regarding HPV infection and vaccination, willingness for immunization, and actions for prevention. We randomly stratified participants based on sex and age with or without a brief educational intervention involving scientific information presented in an easy-to-read format.

RESULTS

Only 484 (29.2%) of the respondents were aware of the benefits of HPV vaccination. Although only 352 (21.2%) of the respondents displayed a willingness for immunization of their daughters, there were 40 (4.8%) more respondents in the intervention group with this willingness (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.32, 95% CI 1.04-1.69). In a subanalysis, the willingness toward vaccination for daughters in men was significantly higher in the intervention group (aOR 1.46, 95% CI 1.05-2.02). However, such a difference was not observed among women (aOR 1.20, 95% CI 0.83-1.73).

CONCLUSIONS

This study suggests that a brief web-based educational intervention increases the willingness of adults to consider the HPV vaccine for their children, especially among men. Thus, providing adequate information to men may be a useful strategy to improve the currently low rates of HPV vaccination.

CLINICALTRIAL

UMIN Clinical Trials Registry UMIN000049745 (UMIN-CTR); https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000049745