bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unhealthy weight control behaviors and health risk behaviors in American youth: a repeated cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhao Yunan , Tran Alvin , Mattie Heather
Published: August 2024

Background

Unhealthy weight control behaviors (UWCBs) involve weight control strategies to reduce or maintain weight, such as fasting, taking diet pills, and vomiting or taking laxatives. UWCBs in teenagers can escalate into severe health issues such as eating disorders. Understanding the trends of UWCBs and their association with risk behaviors in teenagers is crucial, as early intervention and prevention strategies are pivotal.

Methods

This study utilized eight waves of the youth risk behavior surveillance system (YRBSS) data from 1999 to 2013. Our primary outcome was UWCBs engagement. We used multinomial logistic models to analyze the association between UWCBs and risk behaviors among adolescents including driving after alcohol consumption, suicide attempts, smoking, alcohol use, and sexual intercourse.

Results

Among 109,023 participants, UWCBs prevalence was 16.64%. Body Mass Index (BMI) was significantly associated with UWCBs risk. In addition, we found the intention of weight management confounded the relationship between BMI and UWCBs. The unadjusted logistic regression indicated a monotone-increasing association between BMI and the risk of UWCBs. In contrast, the adjusted logistic regression indicated a U-shaped curve with the lowest (BMI < 17 kg/m2) and highest (BMI > 30 kg/m2) BMI groups having significantly higher odds of engaging in UWCBs compared to the reference BMI group (18.5 ≤ BMI ≤ 24.9 kg/m2).

Conclusions

The intention of weight management confounded the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and the risk of UWCBs. These findings suggest that healthcare interventions for weight management behaviors should be tailored to adolescents with BMI ≥ 25 and BMI < 18.5.
Modeling students’ algorithmic thinking growth trajectories in different programming environments: an experimental test of the Matthew and compensatory hypothesis
Authors: Yusuf Abdullahi , Noor Norah Md
Published: August 2024

In recent years, programming education has gained recognition at various educational levels due to its increasing importance. As the need for problem-solving skills becomes more vital, researchers have emphasized the significance of developing algorithmic thinking (AT) skills to help students in program development and error debugging. Despite the development of various text-based and block-based programming tools aimed at improving students’ AT, emerging evidence in the literature indicates insufficient AT skills among students. This study was conducted to understand the growth trajectory of students’ AT skills in different programming environments. The study utilized a multigroup experiment involving 240 programming students randomly assigned to three groups: a text-and-block-based group, a block-based-only group, and a text-based-only group. Students in the text-and-block-based group were exposed to Alice and Python; those in the block-based-only group were exposed to Alice; and those in the text-based-only group were exposed to Python. We found that participants’ growth trajectory in AT skills is linear, with a significant growth rate. Although between-person variability exists across groups, we observed a compensatory effect in the text-and-block-based and block-based-only groups. Additionally, we found significant differences in AT skills across the groups, with no evidence of a gender effect. Our findings suggest that combining text-based and block-based programming environments can lead to improved and sustained intra-individual problem-solving skills, particularly in the field of programming.
Assessing oral health knowledge among public school children in Saudi Arabian subpopulation
Authors: Almalki Sultan Abdulrahman , Adil Abdul Habeeb , Mustafa Mohammed , Karobari Mohmed Isaqali
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Oral hygiene is paramount for maintaining optimal oral and physical health, especially among children who are particularly susceptible to dental caries and issues due to dietary habits and inadequate hygiene practices. This study aimed to evaluate the awareness and knowledge of oral health among public school children, analyse their oral hygiene habits, educate parents on the importance of oral health for their children, and implement an oral hygiene educational program in Al-Kharj City, Saudi Arabia.

Methods

Four public elementary schools were selected for the study, with a sample size of 200 school-going children participating. A structured questionnaire was used to assess awareness and knowledge of oral health among the participants. SPSS software version 26 was used for data analysis. Multiple regression analysis and correlation tests was employed to explore the relationships between the different variables measured in the study.

Results

The findings revealed a significant lack of awareness regarding oral health among school children. Oral hygiene habits were found to be inadequate in many participants. Overall, the findings highlight the need for targeted interventions aimed at promoting regular dental visits, addressing dental fear, and fostering positive oral hygiene practices among school-going children to improve oral health outcomes in the studied population.

Conclusion

The study highlighted a critical gap in oral health awareness among school children, underscoring the need for targeted interventions. While the oral hygiene educational program has been implemented and future data will shed light on its effectiveness, preliminary observations suggest that such programs could potentially improve oral health outcomes and overall engagement among students.
Sleep, cognitive functions, behavioral, and emotional disturbance in self-limited focal childhood epilepsies
Authors: Ragab Osama A. , Deeb Fatma A. El , Belal Asmaa A. , Al-Malt Ayman M.
Published: August 2024

Background

Self-limited focal epilepsies of childhood, including self-limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (SeLECTS), idiopathic childhood occipital epilepsy of Gastaut (ICOE-G), and self-limited epilepsy with autonomic seizures (SeLEAS), were considered benign conditions. However, recent research assumed potential adverse impacts on sleep, cognition, behavior, and emotional well-being. Our aim was to investigate the effects of self-limited focal epilepsies on sleep architecture, cognitive functions, behavior, and emotional disturbances in drug naive children. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 46 newly diagnosed children (ages 6–12) with SeLECTS (n = 22), ICOE-G (n = 12), SeLEAS (n = 12), and 20 healthy controls. Overnight polysomnography was performed. Cognitive assessments included intelligence scales, executive function tests, verbal fluency, visuospatial abilities, and memory. Behavioral and emotional problems were evaluated using standardized questionnaires and psychiatric interviews.

Results

Children with epilepsy exhibited significant disturbances in sleep architecture, impairments in cognitive domains (executive functions, verbal fluency, visuospatial skills, and memory), and higher rates of internalizing/externalizing problems, social issues, attention deficit hyperactive disorder, depression, and anxiety compared to controls. No significant differences were found among the three epilepsy subtypes.

Conclusion

Self-limited focal epilepsies in childhood are associated with sleep disruption, cognitive deficits, behavioral issues, and psychiatric comorbidities, challenging their traditional "benign" perception. Comprehensive management approaches addressing these multidimensional impacts are warranted.
Managing forward while looking back: reopening closed forests to open woodlands and savannas
Authors: Pile Knapp Lauren S. , Dey Daniel C. , Stambaugh Michael C. , Thompson Frank R. , Varner J. Morgan
Published: August 2024

Background

Ecosystem management, community restoration, and managing for climate resilience have become major priorities of land management in recent decades. For woodlands and savannas (i.e., “open forests”), this transition has meant moving fire-deprived, closed-canopy forests to structures and compositions characteristic of natural communities that are rare today: open-grown, wide-spreading trees, and endemic flora and fauna associated with frequent, low to moderate intensity fires. Open forest restoration is complex; its approach and operational prescriptions are dependent on a multitude of factors. Reopening forests to achieve ecological objectives associated with open forests is hampered by site histories, novel species compositions, and structures that resist fire.

Results

Fire histories shed light on fire regimes that promote open forests, informing prescriptions at stand and landscape levels, but due to many social and environmental factors, managers are challenged to recreate those fire regimes. As fire was removed from these ecosystems, successional processes led to changes in species compositions concomitant with changes in woody structure and fuel complexes further inhibiting restoration without active management. As active management aims to transition residing fine fuels from mesophytic hardwood-shrub litter to herbaceous dominant fuels with canopy openness, fire effects, and prescriptions also change. Silvicultural prescriptions have been developed to aid in the process of transition but maintaining mature, continuous canopy open forests through the regeneration and recruitment phase of predominantly shade intolerant of oaks and pines remains speculative. Further, as a legacy of woody densification, contemporary fire practices may result in undesirable increases in sprouting woody species impacting objectives for herbaceous cover and diversity. Invasive plants and depauperate seed banks may further limit successful outcomes.

Conclusions

Even with these formidable challenges, transitioning closed forests to open structures and compositions is critically important for wildlife that depend on them, especially at the size, scale, and connectivity necessary to sustain their populations. Many birds and pollinators of conservation concern require open forests and early successional forests may not serve as surrogates for mature, open forest habitat. In this review, we outline the advances, challenges, and importance for reopening closed canopied forests to open forests in the central and midsouth, USA. Further, we set the stage for new approaches and learned outcomes from the papers of the 7th Fire in Eastern Oak Forests Conference in Tyler, TX, included in this special collection of Fire Ecology.
Eligibility for obesity management in Peru: Analysis of National Health Surveys from 2014 to 2022
Authors: Bernabe-Ortiz Antonio , Carrillo-Larco Rodrigo M.
Published: August 2024

Background The prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased fastest in low- and middle-income countries in the last decades. Together with this rising prevalence, pharmacological and surgical interventions for obesity have emerged. How many people need these treatments is unknown. We quantified the prevalence of people in need of pharmacological and surgical treatment for obesity in Peru between 2014 and 2022. Methods Repeated cross-sectional analysis of national health surveys in Peru was conducted. Eligibility for pharmacological treatment for obesity was: body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2 or BMI ≥27 kg/m2 alongside type 2 diabetes or hypertension (self-reported). Eligibility for bariatric surgery were BMI ≥40 kg/m2 or BMI between 35 to 39.9 kg/m2 linked to weight-related health problems. We used Poisson regressions to identify associated factors with eligibility for obesity management. Results Across years, 260,131 people (mean age 44.0 and 54.5% were women) were studied, 66,629 (27.7%; 95% CI: 27.4% - 28.1%) were eligible for obesity medication, and 5,263 (2.5%; 95% CI: 2.4% - 2.6%) were eligible for bariatric surgery. Female sex, older age, higher socioeconomic level and study year were associated with higher probability of eligibility for both obesity medication and bariatric surgery. Conclusions Eligibility for obesity management has increased over time in Peru. There is a need to strengthen policies to tackle overweight and obesity in Peru, acknowledging that some individuals may benefit from pharmacological and surgical interventions.
Classification of Territory Reporting
Authors: Eremeeva Ol'ga
Published: August 2024

The article analyzes the existing types of reports that form a database of information about the territory on the subject of their sufficiency and the possibility of efficient utilization. The results of the study show the need to bring accounting and statistical reports to a new level of consolidation on a territorial basis in order to meet the information needs of different categories of persons interested in the socio-economic development of the territory, region.
Impact of Global Economic Trends on the Transformation of the Banking System in the Russian Federation
Authors: Samonin V.
Published: August 2024

This article examines the transformation of the banking sector in the Russian Federation, highlighting its response to the dynamically changing global economic environment. It emphasizes the resilience of Russian financial institutions, which were able to maintain financial stability despite the adverse impact of the coronavirus pandemic and subsequent international economic constraints. In addition, the active role of the Central Bank of Russia in implementing strategies to support and stabilize the national economy is highlighted.
Formation of National Identity Based on Teaching Russian Folk Dance
Authors: Radaeva V.
Published: August 2024

The article discusses the problem of formation of national identity in the younger generation. The concept of “folk culture” is analyzed as part of the history of the people, its heritage, which is passed down from generation to generation. Particular attention is paid to Russian folk choreography - a visual and brightly emotional manifestation of national culture, which reflects the spiritual wealth and traditions of the people. It is emphasized that Russian folk dance has ancient roots, its historical development, stages of improvement from the end of the 10th century to the present day are described. Mastering Russian folk dance is considered as a means of familiarization with the history and culture of the people, successful formation of the national identity of students of choreographic schools.
Aktualizacja dramaturgiczna Pisma Świętego na przykładzie Teatru ITP
Authors: Lach Mariusz
Published: August 2024

Podstawowym źródłem inspiracji, z którego czerpią amatorskie teatry chrześcijańskie jest Pismo Święte. Grupy te starają się często przenosić na scenę treści, których celem jest przedstawienie historii biblijnej. Teatr ITP działający od 2001 r. na Katolickim Uniwersytecie Lubelskim Jana Pawła II w swojej twórczości scenicznej często korzysta z wydarzeń zapisanych na kartach Pisma Świętego. Scenarzyści, piszący dla tej grupy, dokonują niejednokrotnie świadomego wyboru tekstów, dzięki którym powstają uniwersalne opowieści mające na celu głoszenie kerygmatu.
W tym celu adaptowano konkretne księgi do współczesnego scenicznego sposobu opowiadania starożytnych historii (Józef – biblijna komedia muzyczna), nawiązywano w formie do innych znanych dzieł literackich (Wesele Dawida), posługiwano się kompilacją różnych fragmentów i wydarzeń biblijnych (Prorock), zmieniano punkt widzenia narratora danej opowieści (Moria), ale także ukazywano treści zawarte w Piśmie Świętym w sposób w miarę wierny i niemal niezmieniony w porównaniu do tekstu oryginalnego (Misterium. Rzecz o śmierci i życiu). Jednak mimo tych licznych zabiegów dramaturgicznych ITP zawsze zachowuje istotę przesłania biblijnego, dostosowując ją do aktualnych potrzeb widzów.
¿Qué mujer bajo la ley? Un análisis de las figuras de Sara y Agar según Gálatas 4, 21–31 en la exégesis de Hilario de Poitiers
Authors: Alba López Almudena
Published: August 2024

Dentro del análisis del ciclo de Abraham en discurso sobre la fe y la elección efectuado por Hilario de Poitiers, llama la atención el tratamiento exegético de Sara y Agar, dos figuras paradójicas si comparamos su tratamiento en el corpus paulino con lo expuesto en Génesis: ¿cómo es posible que Sara, incapaz de fiarse del ángel en Mambré, que manipula los términos de la promesa implicando a su esclava Agar a la que dispensa un trato cruel se convierta en tipo de la Iglesia, mientras que Agar queda asociada a las cualidades envilecedoras de la esclavitud? A lo largo del presente artículo analizaremos el grado de dependencia de Hilario de Poitiers de la alegoría paulina sobre Sara y Agar en su teología dispensacional.
Romana Brandstaettera aktualizacja Pisma Świętego: od "Jezusa z Nazarethu" do "Pieśni o moim Chrystusie"
Authors: Ołdakowska-Kufel Mirosława
Published: August 2024

Celem pracy było przebadanie wybranych utworów literackich Romana Brandstaettera inspirowanych Biblią pod kątem aktualizacji w nich treści Pisma Świętego. Przyjęta analityczno-interpretacyjna metoda pozwoliła wyodrębnić oraz scharakteryzować różne odmiany postawy twórczej autora. W obszernym epickim dziele Jezus z Nazarethu pisarz zastosował strategię obiektywizacji, której podporządkował twórcze decyzje. Inaczej postąpił w poetyckim cyklu Pieśń o moim Chrystusie, gdzie wprowadził wątki autobiograficzne i odsłonił wiele aspektów osobistej relacji z Jezusem. Ponadto Ewangelię oraz inne księgi Pisma Świętego skonfrontował z tragiczną historią XX wieku, czasu wojen, Zagłady, ideowego oraz kulturowego upadku i chaosu. W ten sposób uobecnił Ewangelię i postać Jezusa we własnej biografii oraz współczesności, jednocześnie czyniąc treści biblijne probierzem pozwalającym oceniać własne życie, jak też historię i kulturę swojego czasu.
Miejsce Andrzeja Wierzbickiego (1942–2022) w dziejach polskiej historii historiografii
Authors: Maternicki Jerzy
Published: August 2024

Podejmując próbę określenia miejsca i roli zmarłego w 2022 r. profesora Instytutu Historii PAN Andrzeja Wierzbickiego w polskiej historii historiografii ostatniego czterdziestolecia, autor poddał analizie dorobek twórczy tego badacza, a także jego osiągnięcia organizacyjno-naukowe. Na plan pierwszy zostały wysunięte studia problemowe Andrzeja Wierzbickiego poświęcone dziejom polskiej myśli historycznej XIX i XX w., jego synteza Historiografia polska doby romantyzmu (1999), a także założona przez niego (w 2004) seria wydawnicza Klio Polska, przekształcona następnie (w 2015) w regularnie ukazujący się rocznik „Klio Polska. Studia i Materiały z Dziejów Historiografii Polskiej”, redagowany przez niego do końca życia.
Historiografia stosowana? Przyczynkarskie (na razie) wykorzystanie myśli Andrzeja Wierzbickiego dla potrzeb nauk o zarządzaniu
Authors: Ochinowski Tomasz , Wilińska Aleksandra , Wiliński Aleksander
Published: August 2024

Tematem artykułu jest opis pierwszych przyczynków badawczych do wykorzystania dorobku historiograficznego Andrzeja Wierzbickiego w naukach o zarządzaniu. Przyczynki te mają charakter prac licencjackich oraz magisterskich studentów Wydziału Zarządzania Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, powstałych w ramach działalności Centrum Historii Organizacyjnej na tym Wydziale. Pierwsza część artykułu sygnalizuje główne punkty interakcji pomiędzy naukami historycznymi oraz naukami o zarządzaniu na świecie i w Polsce.
Separatyzmy w stosunkach międzynarodowych w Afryce
Authors: Lizak Wiesław
Published: August 2024

SEPARATISMS IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS IN AFRICADespite the acceptance by African states of the principle of respect for post‑colonial borders (adopted at the Organisation of African Unity in 1964), the post-colonial period saw more than a dozen cases of separatist movements forming in Africa, seeking to create new states. In two cases, this resulted in a real change of borders – in 1993, Eritrea was created through secession from Ethiopia, and in 2011, the southern provinces of Sudan proclaimed the creation of South Sudan. Effectively, though without international legal recognition, there is Somaliland, which in 1991 proclaimed independence in the northern part of Somalia. In addition, separatist movements have occurred in the Democratic Republic of Congo (Katanga and Kasai), Nigeria (Biafra), Tanzania (Zanzibar), Cameroon (Ambazonia), Angola (Cabinda), Senegal (Casamance), Mali (Azawad). Among the causes of each of Africa’s separatisms is a confluence of local factors of a political, ethnic or economic nature. Multi-ethnicity and multiculturalism (resulting from the artificial nature of borders), low levels of socioeconomic development and dysfunctional states generate contradictions, leading to disturbances in the stability of individual countries, and their manifestation sometimes becomes the aspirations of certain social groups to achieve – in the absence of states effectively performing their functions – political independence.
Polityka bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego Unii Europejskiej wobec Afryki w kontekście globalnego kryzysu żywnościowego z 2022 roku
Authors: Kołodziejczyk Katarzyna
Published: August 2024

EUROPEAN UNION FOOD SECURITY POLICY TOWARDS AFRICA IN THE CONTEXT OF THE GLOBAL FOOD CRISIS OF 2022
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022 triggered one of the most serious post-war food security crises in the world. The pillars of food security have been threatened in the countries dependent on agricultural imports from Russia and Ukraine, particularly those in Africa and Asia. The subject of the article is to show the external reaction of the EU to the food crisis towards Africa in the context of contemporary events caused by the war in Ukraine. The aim of the article is to find answers to the following questions: will the current food security crisis affect EU–Africa relations?
Znaczenie i rola państw Afryki dla tureckiej polityki zagranicznej w okresie rządów Partii Sprawiedliwości i Rozwoju (AKP)
Authors: Bieniek Karol
Published: August 2024

THE IMPORTANCE AND ROLE OF AFRICAN COUNTRIES FOR TURKISH FOREIGN POLICY UNDER THE RULE OF THE JUSTICE AND DEVELOPMENT PARTY (AKP)
The main aim of the article is to trace an evolution of Turkey’s foreign policy towards African countries. Assuming that during the rule of the Justice and Development Party a qualitative change took place in Turkey’s approach to this area, the paper will analyse its particular importance in the process of shaping the new identity of Ankara’s foreign policy after 2002. In addition, the ambition of the submitted paper is also to indicate the reasons for the change that took place in the way of building relations with some countries of the region, so characteristic for overall Turkey’s international activities during the rule of R.T. Erdoğan and his political party.
Double Marginalization Because of External Financing: Capacity Investment Under Uncertainty
Authors: Huberts Nick F. D. , Wen Xingang , Dawid Herbert , Huisman Kuno J. M. , Kort Peter M.
Published: August 2024

This paper considers a firm’s investment decision determining the timing and capacity level in a dynamic setting with demand uncertainty. Its investment is financed by borrowing from a lender that has market power, generating a capital market inefficiency. We show that the firm’s investment is subject to double marginalization in the sense that the need for external financing results in a considerably smaller investment and thus, a reduction in welfare. In addition, we find that the presence of the bankruptcy option mitigates the double-marginalization effect unless the bankruptcy cost is small. The firm’s investment size is increasing in bankruptcy costs, albeit at the expense of an investment delay. Based on this, an increase of bankruptcy costs raises social welfare.

This paper was accepted by Tomasz Piskorski, finance.

Funding: X. Wen and H. Dawid gratefully acknowledge support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [Grant SFB 1283/2 2021–317210226]. The authors acknowledge financial support from the Center of Interdisciplinary Research at Bielefeld University [Research Group “Economic and Legal Challenges in the Advent of Smart Products”]. K. J. M. Huisman is appointed to a special chair at Tilburg University that is funded by ASML.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.01152 .
Optimal Mechanism Design with Referral
Authors: Zhou Hao , Zhang Jun
Published: August 2024

This paper establishes the optimal selling mechanism when a seller can incentivize an existing buyer to refer his privately known potential buyer to participate. We identify three optimal channels for providing referral incentives. First, if the existing buyer declares that no potential buyer exists, his virtual value is penalized. Second, if the existing buyer refers the potential buyer to the seller, his virtual value is boosted. Third, in some scenarios where this carrots-and-sticks-via-virtual-value approach is insufficient for creating proper referral incentives, the existing buyer is then given a constant referral bonus for referring the potential buyer. We also provide conditions under which the optimal mechanism can be implemented using simple mechanisms. Finally, we demonstrate that the conventional resale mechanism is suboptimal.

This paper was accepted by Itai Ashlagi, revenue management and market analytics.

Funding: H. Zhou’s research is supported by the Chenguang Program of Shanghai Education Development Foundation and Shanghai Municipal Education Commission [Grant 22CGA77].

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.01540 .
Sparse Integer Programming Is Fixed-Parameter Tractable
Authors: Eisenbrand Friedrich , Hunkenschröder Christoph , Klein Kim-Manuel , Koutecký Martin , Levin Asaf , Onn Shmuel
Published: August 2024

We study the general integer programming problem where the number of variables n is a variable part of the input. We consider two natural parameters of the constraint matrix A: its numeric measure a and its sparsity measure d. We present an algorithm for solving integer programming in time [Formula: see text], where g is some computable function of the parameters a and d, and L is the binary encoding length of the input. In particular, integer programming is fixed-parameter tractable parameterized by a and d, and is solvable in polynomial time for every fixed a and d. Our results also extend to nonlinear separable convex objective functions.

Funding: F. Eisenbrand, C. Hunkenschröder, and K.-M. Klein were supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) within the project “Convexity, geometry of numbers, and the complexity of integer programming” [Grant 163071]. A. Levin and S. Onn are partially supported by the Israel Science Foundation [Grant 308/18]. A. Levin is also partially supported by the Israel Science Foundation [Grant 1467/22]. S. Onn is also partially supported by the Dresner Chair at the Technion. M. Koutecký is partially supported by Charles University project UNCE 24/SCI/008, and by the project 22-22997S of the Grantová Agentura České Republiky (GA ČR).
ENSAIO CARTOGRÁFICO: POSSIBILIDADES DA REALIZAÇÃO DE PESQUISA COM CRIANÇAS
Authors: Arcari da Costa Raquel Thaís , Horn Cláudia Inês
Published: August 2024

Este artigo é um recorte da pesquisa “Diálogos entre infância contemporânea e consumo: um ensaio cartográfico com as crianças”, desenvolvidano curso de Pedagogia da Universidade do Vale do Taquari - Univates. Como recorte, neste estudo enfatiza-se a metodologia do trabalho, apresentando as possibilidades de desenvolver um ensaio cartográfico com crianças. A escrita apresenta as ferramentas e os materiais necessários para o cultivo dos dados empíricos, bem como a atitude do pesquisador em relação ao trabalho e a busca pelos dados durante o processo de pesquisa. Expõem-se, também,considerações acerca da conduta ética necessária em pesquisas com crianças. Além disso, é apresentada a amostragem de uma experiência desenvolvida a partir do método cartográfico, organizada em encontros, que contou com a participação de quatro crianças. Autores como Passos e Kastrup (2009), Gaiva (2009), Dunker e Thebas (2019) são citados, por embasarem o estudo da metodologia cartográfica. Cartografar requer um movimento do pensamento que convida a uma experiência, uma aventura investigativa. Utilizar a metodologia cartográfica com crianças significa escutar as infâncias, não apenas as palavras pronunciadas, mas o que elas revelam, quais caminhos tais palavras criam para refletir os temas contemporâneos.  Como considerações finais, evidenciaram-se as possibilidades que a cartografia concede ao pesquisador, às crianças e à pesquisa.
MODOS DE PENSARFAZER A DANÇA NA/DA ESCOLA PÚBLICA: UM ESTUDO DE REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: De Oliveira Silva Joice , Paraíso Alves Marcelo
Published: August 2024

Apesar da dança ser uma cultura corporal de movimento que compõe os conteúdos a serem desenvolvidos pelo componente curricular Educação Física, conforme preconiza área de Linguagens - BNCC (Base Nacional Comum Curricular) - ainda não percebemos o uso da dança como um conteúdo desenvolvido pelos(as) docentes no cotidiano escolar. Desse modo, na intenção de ampliar o debate entorno do fenômeno social supramencionado, a presente pesquisa objetiva investigar como a dança está sendo desenvolvida na Educação Básica nas aulas de Educação Física no Ensino Fundamental. Considerando o exposto fica-nos os seguintes questionamentos: quais as dificuldades enfrentadas por professores(as) de Educação Física que atuam na Educação Básica para o desenvolvimento de atividades rítmicas e expressivas em suas aulas? Será que a dificuldade emerge do caráter técnico ou existem aspectos subliminares que influenciam a decisão de professores(as)? Metodologicamente optamos pela revisão integrativa da literatura (RIL) e especificamente, para a produção de dados, optamos pelas seguintes bases: Banco de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES; SciELO; LILACS e BV, utilizando as seguintes combinações de palavras: Dança na escola; Atividades rítmicas e expressivas e Ensino.
Examination of rams for breeding
Authors: Canavan-Hicks Emili , Hull Jenny , Neillans Claire
Published: August 2024

Key annual events in the sheep calendar can have a significant impact on production, efficiency and, therefore, farm profits. Veterinarians can play an important and proactive role in these key events, and examination of rams for breeding is an opportunity for veterinary input into a sheep flock. Testing before mating can identify subfertile and infertile rams.
Update on liver fluke in sheep and cattle
Authors: Howell Alison
Published: August 2024

Fasciola hepatica, the common liver fluke, affects the health and welfare of grazing animals worldwide. Liver fluke infection has a significant economic cost to the UK agriculture industry through sheep deaths, reduced growth rates, fertility and milk production in sheep and cattle and condemned livers at the abattoir. Changing weather patterns in the UK over recent years have often resulted in milder winters and summers that may be hot or wet but are above all unpredictable, affecting the epidemiology of liver fluke. This poses a risk for farmers relying on traditional calendar-based treatment routines, who may be caught out by liver fluke risk periods that are longer and extend beyond what would traditionally have been expected. Triclabendazole resistance is an increasing problem in many parts of the country and with no new flukicides on the horizon, existing products need to be used responsibly to ensure they remain useful for as long as possible.
Tail docking: a professional dilemma for veterinary nurses
Authors: McGivern Anne-Marie , Welsh Perdi
Published: August 2024

Different groups hold strong opinions on tail docking in certain breeds. These range from veterinary organisations and welfare groups, who typically want the practice banned, to breeders and associations, who typically oppose any banning of the procedure. For veterinary nurses in practice faced with assisting with the tail docking procedure, numerous ethical and moral dilemmas present themselves and must be navigated. This article deals with a tail-docking scenario that can present in veterinary practice and looks at the legal, professional and ethical issues that arise and potential recommendations that could be implemented in the future.
Sanal Kültürün Aileye Yansımaları Bağlamında Sanal Ebeveynlik
Authors: Sevim Yelda
Published: August 2024

Sanal çağda yaşayan ebeveynler ve çocuklar, bu çağın avantajlarından yararlandığı gibi, olumsuzluklarını da bir arada yaşamaktadırlar. Günümüzdeki aileye yönelik riskleri de düşünecek olursak bu çağın bize sunduğu imkanların artılarını ve eksilerini iyi değerlendirmemiz gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma literatür taramasına dayanmaktadır. Sanal ebeveynlikle ilgili literatürdeki çalışmaların çoğunluğu ebeveynlerin çocuklarını sanal çağdaki bilgi kirliliği ve tehlikelerinden nasıl koruyabileceğine ve bilinçli sanal ebeveynlik üzerine odaklanmıştır. Ebeveynlerinden herhangi birinin çeşitli nedenlerden dolayı çocuklarından uzakta yaşaması aile içi iletişimi olumsuz yönde etkileyebilmektedir. Aile bağlarını güçlendirmeye yönelik sanal ebeveynlik uygulamalarının bu konuda katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Literatürde bu konuda yapılan çalışmaların sınırlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada sanal uygulamaların aile içi ilişkileri düzenlemede kullanılması konusuna odaklanmıştır. Sanal ebeveynlik uygulamalarının ebeveynler ve çocuklar arasındaki etkileşimi destekleyebileceği, birbirleriyle olan ilişkileri geliştirebileceği ve çocuklarla ilgili ortak kararlar alabilme fırsatı oluşturabileceği düşünülmektedir. Uzmanlar bu tür uygulamaların boşanma sonrası ebeveyninin birinden ayrı kalan çocuğun üzerindeki boşanmanın olumsuz sonuçlarını hafifletebilmek adına uzak kalan ebeveynle çocuğun iletişimini sağlamak için de yararlı olacağı kanaatindedirler. Bu tür sanal ebeveynlik uygulamalarında kullanılacak teknolojiye sahip olma konusunda eşitsizlikler söz konusudur. Ayrıca bu tür uygulamalarda aralarında çatışma olan ebeveynlerin sınırları çizme konusunda sıkıntı yaşayabildikleri görülmüştür. Bu tür uygulamaların arttırılıp yaygınlaştırılabilmesi için yeni yasal düzenlemelere, geliştirme faaliyetlerine ve ebeveynlerin bu tür uygulamalar hakkında bilinçlendirilmesine ihtiyaç vardır.
AUTOCLAVE EFFICACY IN THE STERILIZATION OF CONTAMINATED ORTHOPAEDIC SURFACES
Authors: Thomson A. L. , Chao C. A. , Hammad M. , Mendia M. , Bostrom M. P. G. , Carli A. V.
Published: August 2024

Retained polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) debris in surgical instrument trays is a rare, but disquieting situation for the arthroplasty surgeon. Although retained debris could be considered to be sterile after autoclaving, there is no peer-reviewed literature to support this assumption. This uncertainty and subsequent fear of contamination from this bioburden often leads to operating room personnel turning over entire surgical tables and opening new surgical instruments, which consumes time and burdens a hospital's sterilization infrastructure. Consequently, the purpose of the current study was to determine if retained, heavily contaminated PMMA in surgical trays could be effectively sterilized through clinically utilized autoclave protocols.

MSSA (Xen36, Perkin Elmer) biofilm was grown on identically sized PMMA (Palacos R) coupons for 72-hour duration. Following incubation, coupons were exposed to three commonly used sterilization protocols. Cobalt-Chrome (CC) coupons were included in the same tray, replicating instruments in proximity to retained PMMA. Autoclave protocols included: 1.) Single Instrument Flash protocol: Pre-vac, 270° F, 10 min exposure, 1 min drying, 2.) One Tray OR protocol: Pre-vac, 270° F, 4 min exposure, 1 min drying, and 3.) Standard Post-Operative protocol: Pre-vac, 270° F, 10 min exposure, 60 min drying. Control coupons did not undergo autoclaving. Coupons were then sonicated for 30 minutes in tryptic soy broth and plated to count CFUs. Experiments were performed in quadruplicate.

Control coupons showed significant contamination with CFU counts in the range of 106 CFU/mL. CFU counts of zero across all autoclaved PMMA and CC coupons revealed that each protocol was effective in completely eradicating culturable S. aureus, confirming clinical efficacy on orthopaedic cement sterilized in surgical trays.

Our findings demonstrate that heavily contaminated PMMA and exposed metal in surgical trays can be effectively sterilized through several autoclaving protocols.

Clinicians should feel confident in the efficacy of autoclave protocols in removing bacteria and its associated biofilm from othopaedic materials.
A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL OF A CONVENTIONAL VERSUS MODULAR DUAL-MOBILITY BEARING: ARE SERUM METAL LEVELS A CONCERN?
Authors: DeBenedetti A. , Weintraub M. T. , Valle C. J. Della , Jacobs J. J. , Nam D.
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to evaluate serum metal levels in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) with a conventional compared to a modular dual-mobility bearing.

Patients undergoing primary THA for osteoarthritis were randomized to receive either a modular dual-mobility or conventional polyethylene bearing. All patients received the same titanium acetabular and femoral component and a ceramic femoral head. Serum metal levels were drawn pre-operatively then annually for a minimum of two years postoperatively. An a priori power analysis determined that 40 patients (20 per cohort) were needed to identify a clinically relevant difference in serum cobalt of 0.35 ng/ml (ppb) at 90% power.

Forty-six patients were randomized to a modular dual-mobility (n=25) or conventional bearing (n=21) with 40 at a minimum follow-up of two years. No differences in serum cobalt (mean 0.14 ppb [range, 0.075–0.29] vs. 0.20 ppb [range, 0.075–0.57], p=0.39) or chromium levels (mean 0.14 ppb [range, 0.05–0.50] vs. 0.12 ppb [range, 0.05–0.35], p=0.65) were identified between the modular dual-mobility and conventional cohorts, respectively.

There was no statistically significant difference in serum Co or Cr at two years postoperatively in subjects implanted with a ceramic head and this particular dual mobility bearing in comparison to a ceramic head and a conventional acetabular component. While modest expected elevations in serum Co and Cr were observed in the dual mobility group, in no case did the Co level exceed the laboratory reference range nor the threshold of one part per billion that has been associated with adverse local tissue reactions to mechanically-assisted crevice corrosion.
SHORTENING OSTEOTOMIES OF THE FEMUR DURING TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY FOR DEVELOPMENTAL HIP DYSPLASIA
Authors: Macheras G. , Kostakos T. , Tzefronis D.
Published: August 2024

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) for congenital hip dysplasia (CDH) presents a challenge. In high-grade CDH, key surgical targets include cup placement in the anatomical position and leg length equality. Lengthening of more than 4 cm is associated with sciatic nerve injury, therefore shortening osteotomies are necessary. We present our experience of different shortening osteotomies including advantages and disadvantages of each technique.

89 hips, in 61 pts (28 bilateral cases), for high CDH were performed by a single surgeon from 1997 to 2022. 67 patients were female and 22 were male. Age ranged from 38 to 68 yrs. In all patients 5–8cm of leg length discrepancy (LLD) was present, requiring shortening femoral osteotomy. 12 patients underwent sequential proximal femoral resection with trochanteric osteotomy, 46 subtrochanteric, 6 midshaft, and 25 distal femoral osteotomies with simultaneous valgus correction were performed. All acetabular prostheses were placed in the true anatomical position. We used uncemented high porosity cups. Patients were followed up for a minimum of 12 months.

All osteotomies healed uneventfully except 3 non-unions of the greater trochanter in the proximal femur resection group. No femoral shaft fractures in proximally based osteotomies. No significant LLD compared to the unaffected or reconstructed side. 2 patients suffered 3 and 5 degrees malrotation of the femur in the oblique sub-trochanteric group. 3 patients suffered transient sciatic nerve palsies.

Shortening femoral osteotomies in the treatment of DDH are necessary to avoid injury to the sciatic nerve. In our series, we found transverse subtrochanteric osteotomies to be the most technically efficient, versatile and predictable in their clinical outcome, due to the ability to correct rotation and preserve the metaphyseal bone integrity, allowing for better initial stem stability. Distal femoral osteotomies allowed for controllable correction of valgus knee deformity.
A PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL COMPARING THE DIRECT SUPERIOR APPROACH WITH THE POSTERIOR APPROACH FOR TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY
Authors: Kayani B. , Konan S. , Tahmassebi J. , Giebaly D. , Haddad F. S.
Published: August 2024

The direct superior approach (DSA) is a modification of the posterior approach (PA) that preserves the iliotibial band and short external rotators except for the piriformis or conjoined tendon during total hip arthroplasty (THA). The objective of this study was to compare postoperative pain, early functional rehabilitation, functional outcomes, implant positioning, implant migration, and complications in patients undergoing the DSA versus PA for THA.

This study included 80 patients with symptomatic hip arthritis undergoing primary THA. Patients were prospectively randomised to receive either the DSA or PA for THA, surgery was undertaken using identical implant designs in both groups, and all patients received a standardized postoperative rehabilitation programme. Predefined study outcomes were recorded by blinded observers at regular intervals for two-years after THA. Radiosteriometric analysis (RSA) was used to assess implant migration.

There were no statistical differences between the DSA and PA in postoperative pain scores (p=0.312), opiate analgesia consumption (p=0.067), and time to hospital discharge (p=0.416). At two years follow-up, both groups had comparable Oxford hip scores (p=0.476); Harris hip scores (p=0.293); Hip disability and osteoarthritis outcome scores (p=0.543); University of California at Los Angeles scores (p=0.609); Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (p=0.833); and European Quality of Life questionnaire with 5 dimensions scores (p=0.418). Radiographic analysis revealed no difference between the two treatment groups for overall accuracy of acetabular cup positioning (p=0.687) and femoral stem alignment (p=0.564). RSA revealed no difference in femoral component migration (p=0.145) between the groups at two years follow-up.

There were no differences between patients undergoing the DSA versus PA for THA with respect to postoperative pain scores, functional rehabilitation, patient-reported outcome measurements, accuracy of implant positioning, and implant migration at two years follow-up. Both treatment groups had excellent outcomes that remained comparable at all follow-up intervals.
TREATMENT OF OSTEONECROSIS OF THE FEMORAL HEAD IN FICAT III STAGE AFTER FEMORAL NECK FRACTURE IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS BY BASICERVICAL FEMORAL NECK ROTATIONAL OSTEOTOMY
Authors: Zhang Z. , Luo D. , Cheng H. , Ren N. , li Y. , Zhang J. , Zhang H.
Published: August 2024

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head after femoral neck fracture (ONFHpoFNFx) poses challenges in children, particularly at Ficat III stage. Limited effective treatments are available. This study explores basicervical femoral neck rotational osteotomy (BFNRO) for ONFHpoFNFx in children and adolescents and evaluates its outcomes.

Children and adolescents with ONFHpoFNFx (Ficat stage III) underwent BFNRO at our center from June 2017 to September 2022 were included. Follow-up exceeded 1 year, with data on modified-Harris-hip-score (mHHS), range of motion (ROM), patient satisfaction, femoral head collapse, necrotic area repair, leg-length, and osteoarthritis progression recorded.

This study included 15 cases (15 hips), with 8 males and 7 females, averaging 12.9 years in age (range: 10–17 years). Nine cases had BFNRO alone, and six had combined PAO. Rotation angles varied from 70° to 90° for anterior rotation and 110° to 135° for posterior rotation. Nine patients had femoral neck fixation in a varus position (10° to 30°). The postoperative contour of the weight-bearing area of the femoral head has significantly improved in all patients. With an average follow-up of 28.6 months (range: 12.2–72.7 months), mHHS significantly improved (65.2 to 90.2, P<0.001). Only one patient showed femoral head collapse. Patients experienced no/mild hip pain (VAS=0-3), slight restriction in range of motion, and mild limb shortening. Two patients showed osteoarthritis progression. No infections, joint replacements, or nerve injuries were observed.

Even in cases of ONFHpoFNFx in the late stage, BFNRO in children and adolescents can still yield positive early to mid-term results by relocating the necrotic area and restoring the integrity of the anterior-lateral column of the femoral head, thereby preventing femoral head collapse and delaying the onset of severe osteoarthritis.
DIVERGENT PROPERTIES OF SKELETAL STEM CELLS FROM THE NECROTIC AND NON-NECROTIC ZONES OF FEMORAL HEADS IN OSTEONECROSIS OF THE FEMORAL HEAD
Authors: Ma C. , Goodnough L. H. , Zhao L. , Chow S. K.-H. , Wang Y. , Chan C. K. F. , Goodman S. B.
Published: August 2024

Bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) represent a collection of different cell types exhibiting stem cell characteristics but with notable heterogeneity. Among these, Skeletal Stem Cells (SSCs) represent a distinct matrix subgroup within BMSC and demonstrate a specialized capacity to facilitate bone formation, recruit chondrocytes, and contribute to hematopoiesis. SSCs play a pivotal role in orchestrating the functions of skeletal organs. Local ischemia has a significant impact on cell survival and function. We hypothesize that bone ischemia induces alterations in the differentiation potential of SSCs, consequently influencing changes in bone structure.

We mechanically dissected tissue from the necrotic segment in the femoral head and more normal appearing areas from the femoral neck of specimens from 5 patients diagnosed with osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). These tissues were enzymatically broken down into individual cell suspensions. Utilizing fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) based on specific surface markers indicative of human skeletal stem cells (hSSC), namely CD45- CD235a- CD31- TIE2- Podoplanin (PDPN)+ CD146- CD73+ CD164+, we isolated a distinct cell population. Subsequent in vitro evaluations, focusing on clonogenicity, osteogenesis, and chondrogenesis were conducted to assess the functional prowess of these SSCs. Moreover, we introduced BMP2 at a concentration of 50ng/ml to SSCs extracted from necrotic regions to potentially reinstate their osteogenic capabilities.

We effectively isolated SSCs from both Necrotic and Non-necrotic Zones. We observed an augmented clonal formation capacity and chondrogenesis ability of SSCs isolated from the necrotic region, accompanied by a significant decline in osteogenic ability (P＜0.01), an effect not reversible even with the addition of BMP2.

Ischemia adversely affects the proliferation and function of SSCs, resulting in a diminished osteogenic capacity and an insensitivity to BMP2, ultimately leading to structural alterations in bone tissue.