bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of NF-кB Expression in LPS-Induced RAW264.7 Macrophage Cells by a Thiazolidinone Derivative (TZDOCH2CH3)
Authors: Hasanzadeh Farahnaz , Ghafouri Hossein , Ahmadi Salman , Zarei Sevda , Aghamaali Mahmoud Reza , Mohammadi Asadollah
Published: May 2022

To date, various derivatives of thiazolidinone in a variety of cell lines have been investigated. The present study aimed to evaluate the toxicity and inhibitory effects of a thiazolidinone derivative called 5-(2,4-bis-4-ethoxy-phenyl azo)-3-hydroxy-benzylidine)-2,4-thiazolidinone (TZD-OCH2CH3) on the expression of NF-кB in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophage cell lines. Different concentrations of the MTT assay(0-120 μg/mL) were performed to estimate the biological rate of the cells. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of TZD-OCH2CH3-treated RAW264.7 cells was found to be 115 μg/mL. To determine the inhibitory effect of the synthesized compound on the expression changes of NF-кB, the RAW264.7cells were initially induced with LPS and then treated by 15, 30 and 60 μg/mL of TZD-OCH2CH3. Realtime PCR results confirmed a strong inhibitory effect of TZD-OCH2CH3 on the expression of NF-кB inLPS-induced RAW264.7 cells (IC50 = 48 μg/mL). Overall, these findings suggested that the derivative TZDOCH2CH3 had a significant anti-inflammatory effect.
Turmeric Oil: Composition, Extraction, Potential Health Benefits and Other Useful Applications
Authors: Jaiswal Swapnil Ganesh , Naik Satya Narayan
Published: May 2022

The turmeric essential oil of Curcuma species has extensively more useful properties due to its rich phytochemical profile. The concentration of volatile chemical constituents varies according to their type of applied plant part (i.e., root, rhizome, leaves, and flower) for extraction and type of the adopted extraction method. Novel extraction and purification methods, subcritical CO2 , supercritical CO2 , pressurized liquid extraction, and molecular distillation are found to be more efficient for good recovery of this volatile oil, along with increased concentrations of specified compounds. Not only have the curcuminoid compounds had a broad potential in the field of pharmacology but also the turmeric oil is found to have great applicability in treating several diseases and disorders. Turmeric oil possesses good antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-hyperlipidemic anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and hepato-protective properties. Apart from medicinal fields, this oil has also a great future in the cosmetics, pesticide, and food industries due to its rich chemical profile. The present review focuses on providing information about turmeric oil in terms of its physicochemical properties, chemical composition, and available traditional extraction techniques, as well as available novel extraction options, actual health benefits, and other useful applications. It is hoped that the reported information is helpful for further discovery in the area of food, pharmaceutical, and cosmeceutical applications.
DIVERSIDAD GENÉTICA EN PITAHAYA (Hylocereus undatus Haworth. Britton y Rose)
Authors: Legaria-Solano Juan Porfirio , Alvarado-Cano María Elisa , Gaspar-Hernández Ricardo
Published: May 2022

Se evaluó la variabilidad genética con marcadores RAPD (Polimorfismos en el ADN Amplificados al Azar) en 50 colectas de pitahaya (Hylocereus undatus Haworth, Britton and Rose) provenientes de nueve estados de México y una colecta de Colombia que se incluyó como testigo. Se detectó alta variabilidad genética (polimorfismo entre colectas de 92.5 %) en las poblaciones de pitahaya. Las huellas genéticas obtenidas permitieron la identificación individual de cada material genético. La colecta de Colombia se agrupó con la mayoría de las colectas mexicanas, lo que indica un origen común. Adicionalmente, se detectó un grupo de materiales procedente de los estados de Hidalgo, México y San Luis Potosí que difiere del resto de las colectas en su genotipo RAPD, lo que sugiere que en México existe variabilidad genética endémica y que el país es uno de varios centros de diversidad de H. undatus.
ÍNDICE DE SITIO PARA Pinus montezumae Lamb. EN LA REGIÓN DE CD. HIDALGO, MICHOACÁN
Authors: Cornejo-Oviedo Eladio Heriberto , Pereyra-Goicochea Jordán Alejandro , Mares-Arreola Oscar , Valencia-Manzo Salvador , Flores-López Celestino
Published: May 2022

El objetivo del presente estudio fue comparar los métodos de la curva guía y estimación del parámetro al determinar el índice de sitio para P. montezumae en la región de Cd. Hidalgo, Mich. Se utilizó regresión no lineal para ajustar 634 pares de valores altura-edad procedentes de análisis troncal de 40 árboles dominantes. Con el método de la curva guía se probaron cinco modelos de crecimiento; y el de Gompertz fue el mejor porque presentó el valor más bajo del cuadrado medio del error (CME=11.145) y el valor más alto del coeficiente de determinación (R2 =0.973); con dicho modelo se generaron cinco curvas de índice de sitio con interceptos diferentes, pero con pendiente constante que conforman curvas anamórficas. Con el método de la estimación del parámetro se usó el modelo de Chapman-Richards que presentó buen ajuste, dado su bajo valor del CME (10.186) y alto valor de R2 (0.976). Con dicho modelo se obtuvieron cinco curvas de índice de sitio con interceptos comúnes, con asíntotas que se incrementan con los índices de sitio y con una estimación de cero en la altura a una edad cero, que configuran curvas polimórficas. Los índices de sitio determinados con el método de la predicción del parámetro cubrieron con mayor confiabilidad y fidelidad la distribución de P. montezumae que con el método de la curva guía. En consecuencia, los índices de sitios determinados con el método de la predicción del parámetro deben usarse para la clasificación de la productividad en los bosques de P. montezumae en la región de Cd. Hidalgo, Mich.
APTITUD COMBINATORIA EN RAZAS DE MAÍZ MEJORADAS POR RETROCRUZA LIMITADA. I: CARACTERES AGRONÓMICOS
Authors: Barrera-Gutiérrez Erasmo , Muñoz-Orozco Abel , Márquez-Sánchez Fidel , Martínez-Garza Ángel
Published: May 2022

Entre las razas de maíz (Zea mays L.) existen diferencias en características agronómicas que fueron desarrolladas evolutivamente en diferentes sitios geográficos. Al cruzar las razas se manifiestan diferentes aptitudes combinatorias. En este estudio muchas de las razas usadas son de porte alto, lo cual propicia el acame. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la aptitud combinatoria general (ACG) y específica (ACE), de ocho caracteres agronómicos en diez poblaciones de maíz. Se hicieron las cruzas posibles entre diez poblaciones mejoradas por retrocruza limitada RC1-F7, y se evaluaron en tres localidades en condiciones de riego; la información se analizó mediante el modelo 2 de Griffing. La variabilidad de la ACG se redujo, y más aún la ACE. Se detectó convergencia hacía el tipo de planta de las variedades comerciales, lo que redundó en igualdad del rendimiento entre las 45 cruzas e igualdad con la mayoría de los progenitores. Se sugiere entonces restituir la diversidad de los efectos de ambas aptitudes combinatorias y adoptar la autofecundación en vez de los cruzamientos fraternales.
Avances en la morfología del adjetivo en español y en francés:
Authors: Silberztein Max , Rodrigo Andrea Fernanda , Harriet Soledad
Published: May 2022

En nuestro CETEHIPL1 creado en 2018, asumimos que en la reflexión metalingüística que se despliega en la interacción entre el aprendiente y una herramienta informática, se genera un conocimiento lingüístico sobre una lengua determinada y esto tiene consecuencias en el aprendizaje. En este punto, la plataforma NooJ creada por Max Silberztein (2015) (2016) nos brinda el sustento ideal para poder establecer comparaciones desde el momento en que cada módulo lingüístico se organiza desde bases comunes para poder procesar en forma automática los datos de cada lengua, en este caso el español y el francés. Pretendemos superar la fragmentación de saberes que separa a Lengua materna de Lengua extranjera, sobre todo en la educación secundaria. Esta fragmentación se instala dentro de un supuesto que intentamos deconstruir: el aprendizaje de lenguas sobre todo hace foco en el contenido de lo que se enseña. Nosotros en cambio, entendemos que enseñar no es solamente apropiarse de un contenido, sino poder establecer relaciones. Enseñar lengua por tanto se redimensiona en el plurilingüismo, es decir, en la aceptación de la diversidad. De tal modo, la comparación entre lenguas como estrategia metodológica permite extraer hipótesis que se validan en máquina y generan un conocimiento determinado. Así en este trabajo nos proponemos presentar al adjetivo en cuanto a su morfología tomando dos lenguas: español y francés. El abordaje automático nos permite mostrar rasgos característicos de ambas lenguas.
TESTING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FORMULATION OF ANTIFUNCIAL PREPARATION OF GARLIC (ALLIUM SATIVUM L.) ETHANOL EXTRACT MOUNTWASH ON THE GROWTH OF CANDIDA ALBICANS
Authors: Pranata Chandra , Sundara Putri , . Evi
Published: May 2022

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang uji efektivitas formulasi sediaan antifungi obat kumur ekstrak etanol bawang putih (Allium sativum L.) Terhadap pertumbuhan jamur Candida albicans. Ekstrak  etanol bawang putih mengandung beberapa senyawa metabolit sekunder, dimana yang berperan sebagai antijamur adalah alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, dan tanin. Obat kumur ekstrak etanol bawang putih dibuat menjadi lima formula yaitu F0 (basis), F1 (ekstrak etanol bawang putih 15%), F2 (ekstrak etanol bawang putih 25%), F3 (ekstrak etanol bawang putih 50%), dan F4 (ekstrak etanol bawang putih 100%). Evaluasi obat kumur meliputi pemeriksaan Organoleptis, dan Homogenitas. Uji aktivitas antijamur sediaan obat kumur dilakukan dengan metode difusi agar dan dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA satu arah. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa sifat fisik sediaan obat kumur memberikan hasil yang baik dan memenuhi syarat sediaan obat kumur. Hasil uji aktivitas antijamur sediaan obat kumur memberikan diameter rata-rata daya hambat sebesar F1 (12,3 mm), F2 (17,3 mm), F3 (18,5 mm) dan F4 (21,6 mm).
HAND AND BODY LOTION FORMULATION OF AVOVO SKIN EXTRACT (PERSEA FREESIMA GAERTN) AS A MOISTURIZER
Authors: Rani Yosi Darmi , Delima Cici
Published: May 2022

Avocados have been used by the community for generations as traditional medicinal ingredients. Avocado (Persea Americana Mill) is a plant that contains many compounds that are antioxidants. Flavonoids and tannins are compounds that have antioxidant activity which are suspected as sunscreens. Research Objectives To determine the concentration of avocado skin extract (Persea Gratissima Gaertn) 3%, 5%, 7% as hand and body lotion. Laboratory experimental research. Based on the results of the one-way ANOVA test that was used to analyze the avocado peel extract as skin flexion at blank concentrations of 3% concentration, 5% concentration and 7% way concentration, the mean Squaer result was 0.333 with results 0.052 > 0.05. it can be said that the results of the table above indicate that avocado skin can be used as skin moisture. Conclusion Based on the results of community tests conducted by the three hand and body lotion formulas, avocado skin extract that has been stored for 28 days of storage shows that the skin of the fruit can be used as moisture skin.
Kovács Tímea, Adorján Mária (szerk.): Korpusznyelvészet és nyelvi közvetítés (Károli Gáspár Református Egyetem ‒ L’Harmattan Kiadó. 2020. 180 pp, ISBN 978-963-414-738-1)
Authors: Götz Andrea
Published: May 2022

A Korpusznyelvészet és nyelvi közvetítés című kötet a 2020 januárjában, a KRE és a MANYE közreműködésében megszervezett Fordításoktatási szakmai nap előadásait adja közre.
Prezzario, prezziario o preziario: quale nome per il listino dei prezzi?
Authors: Agolini Matteo
Published: May 2022

Ci sono giunti vari quesiti sull’effettiva ammissibilità tanto della forma prezzario quanto delle forme prezziario e preziario per designare il listino dei prezzi; sull’eventuale necessità di preferire una forma alle altre due; nonché su quale ne sia l’etimologia, se si tratti, cioè, di nomi derivati dal singolare prezzo o dal suo plurale, prezzi, considerata la natura del referente come insieme di più prezzi, proposta – quest’ultima – avanzata da un lettore per tentare di spiegare la presenza della i prima della desinenza -ario in prezziario e in preziario.
Uniform Ray Description of Physical Optics Scattering by Finite Locally Periodic Metasurfaces
Authors: de Jong Yvo
Published: May 2022

This paper presents a uniform ray description of electromagnetic wave scattering by locally periodic metasurfaces of polygonal shape. The model is derived by asymptotically evaluating the critical-point contributions of a physical optics scattering integral. It is valid for metasurfaces whose bulk scattering coefficients are periodic functions of a phase parameter which, in turn, is a continuous and smooth function of surface coordinates. The scattered field is expressed in terms of reflected, transmitted and diffracted rays that do not generally obey conventional geometrical constraints (i.e., Snell’s law and the Keller cone). An iterative technique is presented to determine the locations of critical points on one or multiple interacting metasurfaces. Numerical results demonstrating the utility and accuracy of the asymptotic physical optics model are also provided.
Accurate Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Method based on Space-Time Modulated Metasurface
Authors: Li Mengmeng
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we present a metasurface-based Direction of Arrival (DoA) estimation method that exploits the properties of space-time modulated reflecting metasurfaces to estimate in real-time the impinging angle of an illuminating monochromatic plane wave. The approach makes use of the amplitude unbalance of the received fields at broadside at the frequencies of the two first-order harmonics generated by the interaction between the incident plane wave and the modulated metasurface. Here, we first describe analytically how to generate the desired higher-order harmonics in the reflected spectrum and how to realize the breaking of the spatial symmetry of each order harmonic scattering pattern. Then, the one dimensional (1D) omnidirectional incident angle can be analytically computed using +1st and -1st order harmonics. The approach is also extended to 2D DoA estimation by using two orthogonally arranged 1D DoA modulation arrays. The accuracy of 1D DoA estimation is verified through full-wave numerical simulations. Compared to conventional DoA estimation methods, the proposed approach simplifies the computation and hardware complexity, ensuring at the same time estimation accuracy. The proposed method may have potential applications in wireless communications, target recognition, and identification.
Estimating severe irregularities of road ahead based on preceding vehicle responses
Authors: Li Daofei , Xiao Bin , Pan Hao
Published: May 2022

Road irregularities, e.g. potholes or bulges, will cause discomfort, vehicle damages or even accidents, if not being carefully handled by drivers. For driving safety and comfort, especially in highly automated vehicles, there is a need for accurate and efficient way to estimate the road condition ahead in advance. Existing direct sensing based methods are difficult to give detailed irregularity information, while current response based approaches require either too many measurements or accurate system parameters to guarantee estimation performances. Therefore, using the information of preceding vehicle responses, a Kalman filter based algorithm to estimate severe road irregularities is proposed. The single degree of freedom vertical dynamics model is reorganized to reduce the measurement requirements of the Kalman filter. To cope with the limited information of the preceding vehicle, the model parameters are approximated according to suspension design theories. Simulation and field data validation shows that the estimation algorithm is effective and robust on different vehicles.
Seawater absorption properties and equilibrium for carbon fiber reinforced epoxy autonomous underwater vehicle hull at 1000m depth
Authors: Elkolali Moustafa , Al-Tawil Ahmed , alcocer alex
Published: May 2022

The hull of an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) is one of the main factors that determine its overall compressibility and drag. The hull as well, acting as a pressure vessel, is the most essential part that will allow the vehicle to accomplish deep diving. In order to minimize the total weight and volume of the vehicle, many modern vehicles benefit from composite materials rather than conventional materials. Moisture absorption, known as the hygral effect, has a significant impact on the mechanical properties of the material. Not to mention it also has an effect on the buoyancy of the vehicle, since the overall weight changes. This paper characterizes the seawater absorption and diffusivity of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy (CFRE) pressure hull samples in ambient conditions at sea level and at 1000m depth. The tests were performed using seawater taken from Oslo fjord in Norway and using a pressure vessel. Twelve specimens, all manufactured from CFRE using filament winding technique, were tested in both conditions, and the moisture absorption curve is compared. Periodic gravimetric measurements were taken, where the equilibrium state was reached after approximately 65 days at sea level and after 35 days at 1000m depth. The results showed that moisture diffusivity for composites used in underwater applications should be defined by both pressure and temperature since it changes with respect to submersion depth.
Design and testing of a composite pressure hull for deep autonomous underwater vehicles.
Authors: Elkolali Moustafa , alcocer alex
Published: May 2022

This paper presents the design and
testing process of the hull of a deep small autonomous underwater vehicle, rated
at 2000m depth. Starting from setting the geometrical constraints for the
design to mass production. None of the previous literature, to the authors’
knowledge has presented similar work. Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy material was
chosen given their high strength to weight ratio and similarity of its
compressibility to sea water. Material characterization was performed to obtain
the material properties under loading conditions using a modified method of the
Combined Loading Compression testing technique. A specific fixture was designed
and manufactured to test filament-wound tubes. An analytical model was
developed on MATLAB, a finite element model was created on ABAQUS, and the
results of both models were compared. Then a quality control set of tests was
performed including seawater absorption under high pressure and void analysis
using destructive and non-destructive tests. Pilot samples were manufactured
and tested in a pressure vessel, where one was cycle tested and inspected using
visual and ultrasonic testing, and the other one was fail tested where it
failed at ~93% of the expected load.
Reduced-Reference Learning for Target Localization in Deep Brain Stimulation
Authors: Weng Li , Zhu Zhoule , Wu Hemmings , Zhu Junming
Published: May 2022

This work proposes a supervised machine learning algorithm for target localization in deep brain stimulation (DBS). DBS is a recognized treatment for movement disorders, such as essential tremor. The effects of DBS significantly depends on the precise choice of target location. Recent research on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) shows that the optimal target is related to the dentato-rubro-thalamic tract (DRTT), thus DRTT analysis has become a promising approach. This technique is more accurate than conventional ones, but still too complicated for clinical scenarios, where only magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data is available. In order to improve efficiency and utility, we consider target localization as a non-linear regression problem in a reduced-reference learning framework, and solve it with convolutional neural networks. The proposed method is light-weight, and consists of two image-based networks: one for classification and the other for localization. We model the basic workflow as an image retrieval process and define relevant performance metrics. Using DRTT analysis as groundtruths, we show that DTI-based optimal targets can be inferred from MRI data with high accuracy. For 280x220 (0.7 mm slice thickness) MRI input, our model achieves an average posterior localization error of 2.3 mm, and a median of 1.7 mm. The proposed framework is the first in the DBS domain. It is a successful application of reduced-reference learning, and may serve as a baseline for general target localization problems in DBS.
Interference Compression and Mitigation for Automotive FMCW Radar Systems
Authors: Rameez Muhammad , Pettersson Mats I. , Dahl Mattias
Published: May 2022

Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radars are increasingly being deployed for scenario perception in various applications. It is expected that the mutual interference between such radars will soon become a significant problem. Therefore, to maintain the reliability of the radar measurements, there must be procedures in place to mitigate this interference. This paper proposes a novel interference mitigation technique that utilizes the pulse compression principle for interference compression and mitigation. The interference in the received time-domain signal is compressed using an estimated matched filter. Afterward, the compressed interference is discarded, and the signal is repaired in the pulse-compressed domain using an autoregressive (AR) model. Since the interference spans fewer samples after compression, the signal can be restored more accurately in the compressed domain. Real outdoor measurements show that the interference is effectively suppressed down to the noise floor using the proposed scheme.
Quantum Processing in Fusion of SAR and Optical Images for Deep Learning: A Data-Centric Approach
Authors: Majji Sathwik Reddy , Chalumuri Avinash , Kune Raghavendra , BS Manoj
Published: May 2022

Deep learning techniques are very prominent in processing remotely sensed synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images for real-time, high-impact applications, such as image classification, object detection, and semantic segmentation. The accuracy of deep learning models, such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs), depends on the quality of the input data. Compared to the model-centric approach, where the model parameters are optimized during training, the data-centric approach can enhance the performance accuracy as data quality is improved before training the models. Improving the data quality of SAR images is challenging as SAR image properties are different from optical (OPT) images. Image fusion techniques proved to enhance the quality of SAR images when combined with OPT images. Many fusion techniques exist for combining SAR and OPT images in the classical domain. This paper proposes a novel approach to using quantum computing for the image fusion of SAR and OPT images. Eight different quantum processing techniques are used for the fusion of the images. We designed and created a dataset for land-use classification by collecting data using the Google Earth Engine. The quality metric measurements show that the quality of SAR images has improved by using the proposed quantum processing techniques. In addition, performance evaluation of the deep learning CNNs on the dataset was carried out for all quantum processing techniques. Our approach improved the classification accuracy from 82.64%, with only SAR images for training, to 95.36% using the proposed image fusion techniques.
Transient Stability Analysis for Grid-Forming Inverters Transitioning from Islanded to Grid-Connected Mode
Authors: Liu Teng , Wang Xiongfei , Liu Fangcheng , Kai Xin , Liu Yunfeng
Published: May 2022

This paper addresses the transient stability of grid-forming (GFM) inverters when transitioning from the islanded to grid-connected mode. It is revealed that the reconnection of the GFM inverters to the main grid can be equivalent to a step change of the active power reference, whose impact is closely related with the local load, active power reference of GFM inverter, and short-circuit ratio (SCR) of the grid. Such equivalent disturbance may cause GFM inverters lose the synchronism with the grid. To avoid loss of synchronization, the existence of equilibria of GFM inverter after reconnecting it with the grid is examined, considering the varying SCR. Then, the parametric effects of power controllers on the transient stability are characterized by using phase portraits, which shed clear insights into the controller design for reliably reconnecting GFM inverters with grid. Lastly, all the theoretical findings are confirmed by experimental tests.
On the Design of RIS-UAV Relay-Assisted Hybrid FSO/RF Satellite-Aerial-Ground Integrated Network
Authors: Nguyen Thang , Le Hoang
Published: May 2022

Satellite-aerial-ground integrated network (SAGIN) has been widely envisioned as a promising network architecture for 6G. In the SAGINs, high altitude platform (HAP)-aided relaying satellite systems using hybrid free-space optics (FSO)/radio-frequency (RF) communications have recently attracted research efforts worldwide. Nevertheless, the main drawback of hybrid FSO/RF systems is the restricted bandwidth of the RF connection, especially when the FSO one is blocked by cloud coverage. This paper explores a novel solution for the hybrid FSO/RF HAP-based SAGIN under the impact of weather and atmospheric conditions. Specifically, an additional unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is deployed to diverse the FSO link from the HAP-to-ground station to avoid cloud blockage while maintaining a high-speed connection of the FSO link. A mirror array constructed by re-configurable intelligent surface (RIS), an emerging technology, is mounted on the UAV to reflect the signals from the HAP. The channel model of RIS-UAV takes into account both atmospheric turbulence and hovering-induced pointing errors. Furthermore, we present a novel link switching design with a multi-rate adaptation scheme for the proposed network under different weather and turbulence conditions. Numerical results quantitatively confirm the effectiveness of our proposal. Additionally, we provide insightful discussions that can be helpful for the practical system design of RIS-UAV-assisted HAP-based SAGIN using hybrid FSO/RF links. Monte Carlo simulations are also performed to validate the accuracy of theoretical derivations.
Simulating the GB power system frequency during underfrequency events 2018-19
Authors: Cooke Christian
Published: May 2022

Simulating such events typically involves a system
of differential equations representing the overall generation and
load present at the time. The standard model based on the swing
equation assumes unlimited capacity in aggregated resources, as
well as the availability of these services for the duration of the
frequency excursion. In simulating the effect of outages on the GB
Grid frequency on 2019/8/9, the effect of limiting these services to
the capacity of resources engaged during the event is examined. It
is shown that by taking these refinements into account the timing
and extent of the frequency nadir can be successfully estimated.
Insight is gained into the responses of various characteristics
of the grid and how they interact with unplanned generation
imbalances. Using this adapted model, further events on the GB
grid are examined to validate the influence of these features.
Analysis of the Impact of the Increasing Inverter-based Resources on Inter-area Modes of the U.S. Western Interconnection
Authors: Agrawal Urmila
Published: May 2022

The retirement of conventional synchronous generators and the integration of inverter-based renewable energy sources (RES) are transforming power systems in unprecedented ways. Understanding the impact and consequences of this resource mix transition is crucial to maintaining reliable grid operation. In this regard, this paper examines the impact of increased RESs on the oscillatory behavior of the U.S. Western Interconnection. From our analysis, we found that increasing RES penetration levels can have a significant impact on the system modes. However, no single trend could be identified that can correlate this impact to the RES penetration levels. This impact was, in fact, dependent on the group of synchronous generators that were replaced by the RES machine models; for instance, replacing synchronous generators in Alberta, that have high participation factors and significantly contribute to the damping of the NS-A mode, had the most impact on the NS-A mode while the impact on the NS-A mode by replacing synchronous generators in the rest of the WI was less.
Dissolution of Nickel-Manganese-Gallium Alloys: the first step for manufacturing hybrid micro-devices composed of Ni-Mn-Ga and Silicon layers
Authors: HU HAO , Ullakko Kari
Published: May 2022

Our aim is to develop next generation of MEMS (microelectromechanical systems) devices that are composed Ni-Mn-Ga and silicon layers. Due to the large magnetic-field-induced strains of Ni-Mn-Ga, actuating components can be fabricated in the Ni-Mn-Ga layers. Other functional components can be manufactured in the silicon layer. Single crystalline Ni-Mn-Ga alloys that are grown by using the Bridgman vertical growth technique have thus far obtained the largest magnetic field-induced strain (MFIS), a magnetic shape memory (MSM) effect. Similar to silicon wafers, Ni-Mn-Ga wafers are also sliced from crystal-oriented single crystalline ingots. To fabricate hybrid MEMS devices such as micromanipulators and robots, lab-on-chip containing micropump manifolds and valves, or vibration energy harvesters, the fabrication processes used for MEMS devices will be used are also be used to fabricate components in the Ni-Mn-Ga layer of the hybrid MEMS devices. One of the most important processes for MEMS fabrication is the structuring of materials by chemical etching. The main goal of this study is to obtain evidence that the etchant etches silicon but not Ni-Mn-Ga and to identify an etchant that etches Ni-Mn-Ga but not silicon. The present paper reports on a novel experiment in dissolving Ni-Mn-Ga alloys. An etchant composition of 69% HNO3, 98% H2SO4, and CuSO4•5H2O is proposed for dissolving Ni-Mn?Ga alloys and the variation in the dissolution rate by adjusting the concentrations of HNO3 and ultrapure water (UPW) is demonstrated. This etchant was demonstrated to etch Ni-Mn-Ga but not silicon. The HF+HNO3 acidic solution commonly used for etching silicon does not dissolve Ni-Mn-Ga
Segmentation Quality Assessment by Automated Detection of Erroneous Surface Regions in Medical Images
Authors: Zaman Fahim Ahmed , Zhang Lichun , Zhang Honghai , Sonka Milan , Wu Xiaodong
Published: May 2022

Despite the advancement in deep learning-based semantic segmentation methods, which have achieved accuracy levels of field experts in many computer vision applications, the same general approaches may frequently fail in 3D medical image segmentation due to complex tissue structures, noisy acquisition, disease-related pathologies, as well as the lack of sufficiently large datasets with associated annotations. For expeditious diagnosis and quantitative image analysis in large-scale clinical trials, there is a compelling need to predict segmentation quality without ground truth. In this paper, we propose a deep learning framework to locate erroneous regions on the boundary surfaces of segmented objects for quality control and assessment of segmentation. A Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is explored to learn the boundary related image features of multi-objects that can be used to identify location-specific inaccurate segmentation. The predicted error locations can facilitate efficient user interaction for interactive image segmentation (IIS). We evaluated the proposed method on two data sets: Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) 3D knee MRI and 3D calf muscle MRI. The average sensitivity scores of $0.96\pm0.00$ and $0.96\pm0.02$, and the average positive predictive values of $0.87\pm0.01$ and $0.93\pm0.03$ were achieved, respectively, for erroneous surface region detection of knee cartilage segmentation and calf muscle segmentation. Our experiment demonstrated promising performance of the proposed method for segmentation quality assessment by automated detection of erroneous surface regions in medical images.
Reliable autonomous driving environment model with unified state-extended boundary
Authors: Jiao Xinyu , Chen Junjie , Wang Yunlong , Jiang Kun , cao Zhong , Yang Mengmeng , Yang Diange
Published: May 2022

From the early stage of robotic applications to current autonomous driving technologies, environment modeling has been acting as the middleware of connecting perception and decision layers. In robotic applications, space-oriented models (e.g., grid map, drivable area) are widely applied to faithfully reflect the space occupation. With the development of autonomous driving, highly dynamic and complex road environment brings rising need of understanding the type and motion status of objects, thus element list became the mainstream of environment model. However, along comes the reliablity problem caused by missed detection and irregular objects, which is still inevitable despite the detection accuracy improvement.

In view of this, we provide a new view of driving environment with the proposed unified state-extended boundary (USEB), aiming to improve the reliablity of element-oriented model. For driving decision requirements, different types of elements are consistently converted into driving constraints. Semantics and dynamics are expressed as status of drivable area boundary, making it possible to merge space occupation to improve reliability against missed detection and irregular objects. Evaluation of USEB is carried out on nuScenes dataset. Comparative results show that the proposed USEB could cover the required information of driving decision, whereas achieving higher reliability than commonly applied element-oriented model.
The Effectiveness and Efficiency of Management of Zakat as Original Regional Revenues at the Government of Aceh (Case Study of Baitul Mal Agency of Aceh, Indonesia)
Authors: Irdayani Irdayani , Basri Hasan , Abdullah Syukriy , Djalil Muslim A
Published: May 2022

This study aims to obtain a detailed understanding of the management of zakat as the original regional income in the Aceh Government's Baitul Mal Aceh. This study also describes how the pattern and proportion of zakat receipts and zakat distribution to the program/priority activities, and aims to identify what factors support and hinder the realization of effective and efficient zakat management. Furthermore, to find out the planning and supervision of zakat management in the Baitul Mal. This research is a qualitative descriptive study, data collection techniques in the form of interviews, observation and documentation which are then analyzed using interactive data analysis methods, then to ensure the validity of the data used triangulation techniques. The results of the study indicate that the mechanism for the management of zakat funds carried out by the Government of Aceh has proceeded accordingly. Planning and budgeting, implementation, monitoring and evaluation activities and zakat technically and administratively have been carried out in accordance with the provisions. The pattern and proportion of program allocation activities are in accordance with the purpose of zakat funds. The effectiveness of the management of good zakat funds needs to be accompanied by clear regulations or rules as well as binding as a need to realize accountability in the management of zakat funds.
Electronic Banking and Deposit Money Bank’s Performance in Nigeria
Authors: Deekor Leelee N.
Published: May 2022

The study investigates the impact of electronic banking on the performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria using quarterly data from the first quarter of 2010 the quarter of 2018 from the Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin. It tested the response of the variables of interest, automated teller machine (ATM), point of sale (POS), mobile banking (MOBE), and web pay (WEPA) on net interest margin (NIMA).It employed the use of Jarque Bera normality and diagnostic tests, Augmented Dickey fuller unit root test for stationarity. The result shows that ATM, POS and WEPA are not significant to NIMA while MOBE is positively related and significant to NIMA. The study recommended that customers should be encouraged to use mobile banking platform.
Diagnosis of Chronic Obstructive Air Way Disease-Made Easy
Authors: Batta Anil
Published: May 2022

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is an inflammatory disease. Together with oxidant stimuli, which directly affect lung structures, macrophages, neutrophils and CD8+ lymphocytes actively participate in the pathogenesis of the disease and promote biochemical reactions that result in progressive alteration of the upper airways and irreversible lung remodeling. The release of substances promoted by inflammatory cell recruitment and by oxidative stress lead to a temporary imbalance in the pulmonary defense mechanisms. Understanding the long-term maintenance of this imbalance is key to understanding the current physiopathology of the disease. The present study explores the cellular and molecular alterations seen in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Pattern of Blood Specimen Rejection at a Nigerian Public Clinical Laboratory
Authors: Musa Abubakar Umar , Ndakotsu Muhammad Alhaji
Published: May 2022

Obtaining appropriate blood specimen is central towards provision of reliable results in a clinical laboratory. To ensure that blood specimen collected for analysis reflect the physiologic or pathologic processes they represent, potential sources of pre-analytic errors should be identified and avoided. Our study aimed at determining the pattern of blood specimen rejection in a public clinical laboratory with a view of identifying inadequacies that should be improved upon. The sample rejection register at the Haematology laboratory of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital Sokoto, Northwest Nigeria was accessed for a two-year period data on number of specimens rejected, reasons for rejection, types of tests for which rejections were made and affected clinical units; and the retrieved data were analysed using Microsoft Excel 2010. Of the 53,955 specimens received during the study period, 122 were rejected giving an overall specimen rejection rate of 0.23%. Incomplete specimen labelling and clotted specimens were the commonest reasons for specimen rejection having accounted for 59.8% (73) and 30.3% (37) of the rejections respectively. Coagulation Screening Tests and Packed Cell Volume had the highest rejection rates of 52.5% (64) and 18.0% (22) respectively. The Accident and Emergency (A&E) and Emergency Paediatric Unit (EPU) recorded the highest rates of sample rejection with 31.1% (37) and 11.8% (14) rejection rates respectively. We concluded that the reasons for blood specimen rejection in our public clinical laboratory could be avoided via the use of appropriate and properly labelled specimen containers and avoidance of faults in specimen collection, storage and transportation to the laboratory.
COVID-19- A Management through Traditional Way: A Review
Authors: al Naseer Ahmad Hakeem et
Published: May 2022

Unless and until a proper solution is made and adopted in the health care delivery systems throughout the world to combat COVID-19, some experimental drugs are employed everywhere on the globe in the management of COVID-19. Number of times chemical drugs have proven fatal as well, unfortunate part is “drug induced fatalities” if we are not wrong these fatalities are included in the number of deaths due to COVID-19. The need of the hour is to reduce morbidity and mortality from COVID-19/ COVID-19 drugs. Our motive is to design a formulation which can not only provide the symptomatic relief but will act as anti-retroviral and at the same time will be safe for oral administration. This review paper is based on the same ideology. We have designed a decoction, a diet module and a formulation for inhalation with scientific evidences. That is why we choose only those herbs in formulation which are strongly anti-retroviral. The herbs with weak potency were excluded otherwise there are more than seventy-five herbal drugs with similar actions. Many times, we need booster doses when virus is quantitively or qualitatively more virulent that is why we have given emphasis to the anti-retroviral diet so that the better result is achieved. The purpose of inhalation is the Nano particles of herbs shall reach easily to the target tissues.
Growth assessment in thalassaemic patients in Mosul
Authors: Hasan Nahlah Wadullah , Younis Alaa Abd-Al-Ghany , Shihab Enaam Khazal
Published: May 2022

Thalassemia syndrome is a series of genetic disorders of haemoglobin synthesis. It is one of the major public health problems. The study is aiming for assessing the thalassemia effect on growth. A case control study was implemented in thalassemia center at Ibn Al-Atheer hospital during the period from 2000 Dec-2001 Jan where 202 cases of the attendants have been involved in the study and equal number of children attending to the outpatient for other causes as a control. Male consist 60.8% of the cases and 49.2% of the control while the female where 39.3% of the cases and 50.8% of the control. 43.6% of the cases fall in the age group >5-10 yearrs and the highest percentage of the control 48.2% in the same age group.
A Review of Laser Applications in Orthodontics
Authors: Joseph Varsha , PU Bejoy , Lakshmanan Lakshmi , mathews Minu C
Published: May 2022

Lasers have been widely used in most fields of dentistry for many years, and they have recently gained popularity in orthodontics. Its use has allowed orthodontists to overcome some of the difficulties associated with traditional orthodontic treatment procedures. These include direct chair side clinical orthodontic procedures, adjunctive orthodontic and laboratory procedures. This review article is about the applications of lasers in field of orthodontics.
Infection Status and Risk Factors Associated with Schistosomiasis among Pregnant Women in Jos, Nigeria
Authors: al Ocheme Julius Okojokwu et
Published: May 2022

Schistosomiasis is one of the most predominant neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) caused by systemic helminthes, Schistosoma sp. S. haematobium and S. mansoni are the main species that causes infection in the Sub-Saharan Africa causing urogenital schistosomiasis and intestinal schistosomiasis respectively. Schistosoma infection during pregnancy has been linked with low birth weight, still birth, maternal mortality and other adverse effects. The study was undertaken to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with urinary schistosomiasis among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Plateau Specialist Hospital in Jos North Local Government Area, Plateau State. This study was carried out with a total of 200 samples collected from pregnant women who consented to participate in the study. The urine samples were collected from the consenting pregnant women and screened using POC-CCA urine cassette. Information on socio-demographic and risk factors were collected via structured questionnaire and analysed statistically. Out of the 200 women tested for Schistosoma circulating cathodic antigen, 138 were positive representing 69% (138/200) prevalence of schistosomiasis. None of the demographics nor the risk factors studied in the current research was found to be statistically associated (χ2 > 0.05) with schistosomiasis. Schistosoma infection is prevalent in Jos with 69.0% prevalence among women attending antenatal clinic in Plateau State Specialist Hospital with younger pregnant women (≤ 25 years) having a preponderance of the disease burden than the older women. Routine screening for schistosomiasis for all women attending antenatal care and appropriate treatment should be given. Education and awareness on the mode of transmission and detrimental effect of schistosomiasis is recommended.
Changing Recommendations on the Use of Non-Fasting Versus a Fasting Lipid Profile: A Review of Current Literature
Authors: Bery Dr. Kaumudi , Alherk Dr. Muhamad Ali , Yahia Dr. Mohammad Ammar Mohamad Kais , Govindankutty Kiran
Published: May 2022

Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of death all over the world. Various tests included in the lipid profile testing panel are used to predict the risk of cardiovascular disease, for monitoring treatment and for setting treatment goals. This review article revisits the various parameters in the lipid profile, the current clinical recommendations, and the recent guideline changes of testing requirements from a fasting to a non-fasting sample. The impact on various parameters when a non-fasting lipid testing is performed along with the criteria that should be used while using the new recommendations of non-fasting lipid testing are discussed. The article also reviews the different equations used for the calculation of low density lipoprotein cholesterol and its clinical applications in the current clinical guideline settings. It also briefly describes the increasing clinical importance of parameters like non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein-B and remnant cholesterol. Recent literature reviews conclude that risk prediction is similar and, in many cases, better with non-fasting lipid profile testing compared to a fasting state test. Hence it is recommended to use non fasting lipid profile testing for better risk prediction, patient and laboratory convenience, keeping in mind the cut off and flagging criteria for a repeat fasting test.
Traditional Law Existence in Indonesia in Review From Age To Age
Authors: Angelika S Michelle , Firmansyah Yohanes , Wijaya Hanna
Published: May 2022

The rules of action are a reflection of the life characteristics of a class of people. Regulations that are timeless and firmly integrated with the citizens' behavior can increase their binding power. As a result, they become customs. In a tradition, there are various rules of the tongue, listed as customary law. Routine or habit is a term commonly used in people's lives. The existence of customary law has been legally recognized by the Indonesian authorities, approved by all Indonesian citizens as one of the legal rules. The citizens can lawfully use it on the side of the authorities' use of laws and regulations. Customary law reflects something Indonesian personality as if the result has been claimed to be like original Indonesian law. As if the law is not recorded, currently, the presence of customary law is being questioned. It has been estimated as conventional, outlandish, ancient primitive, ancient compared to the citizens' modern progress. Some people think that customary law is incapable of solving cases during a period.
Angka Kejadian Anemia Pada Remaja di Indonesia
Authors: Nasruddin Hermiaty , Faisal Syamsu Rachmat , Permatasari Dinda
Published: May 2022

Menurut data hasil Riskedas tahun 2013 remaja putri mengalami anemia yaitu 37,1%, mengalami peningkatan menjadi 48,9% pada Riskesdas 2018, dengan proporsi anemia ada di kelompok umur 15-24 tahun dan 25-34 tahun. Faktor yang menyebabkan tingginya angka kejadian anemia pada remaja diantaranya rendahnya asupan zat besi dan zat gizi lainnya misalnya vitamin A, vitamin C, folat, riboflavin dan vitamin B12, kesalahan dalam konsumsi zat besi misalnya konsumsi zat besi bersamaan dengan zat lain yang dapat mengganggu penyerapan zat besi tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode review article. Sumber data penelitian ini berasal dari literatur yang diperoleh melalui internet berupa hasil penelitian dari publikasi jurnal. Berdasarkan hasil dari article review yang dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa terjadinya peningkatan angka terjadinya anemia pada remaja disebabkan oleh karena kurangnya edukasi tentang asupan gizi yang seimbang.