bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Irrigation and Phosphorus Management of Alfalfa Under Semi-Arid Conditions
Authors: ERKOVAN Şule , İLERİ Onur , ERKOVAN Halil İbrahim , KOÇ Ali
Published: December 2022

The frequency of irrigation and deficit irrigation management are drawing attention because water resources are becoming limited year by year, especially in the last decade. Besides, the rate and application time of P fertilization gained more importance just after the researchers found out it is more effective than N-fertilizing for alfalfa cultivation. This study aimed to determine the effects of different irrigation managements (seasonal deficit, intervals of 5, 7, and 9 days), phosphorus application season (autumn and spring), and the rate of P fertilizer (0, 30, 60, 90 kg ha-1) on the yield and forage quality of alfalfa. The experiment was conducted in the 2019-2020 years, which was the 3rd and the 4th years of alfalfa respectively, under semi-arid Mediterranean conditions. The stand height and fiber content (NDF) were higher in the autumn application. However, forage contained more nitrogen in the spring application. A higher amount of water (800 mm) with higher irrigation frequency (5 days – I5d) caused a reduction in yield due to water excess. The yield was the highest (21.34 t ha-1) and the forage quality was better in 448 mm water application with 9 days intervals (I9d). Seasonal deficit water management caused a significant loss in yield and quality. Nevertheless, 18.04 t ha-1 dry matter yield with 24.05 % CP content was recorded at seasonal deficit water management. P fertilization increased the yield and forage quality. The yield was the highest (20.23 t ha-1) at the rate of 90 kg ha-1 P fertilizer, but yield and forage quality characteristics were similar between 30, 60, and 90 kg ha-1 P. The results showed that P fertilization could be done in both autumn and spring at the rate of 30 kg ha-1 and 448 mm water could be applied at 9 days intervals for fulfilling performance under semi-arid Mediterranean conditions. When water resources are very scarce, the seasonal water deficit should be applied, especially in late summer.
The Challenges Faced By Muslim Women in Pursuing Postgraduate Studies
Authors: Ibrahim Nasrin Muhammadu , Ismiya Begum Mohamed Sultan , Saujan Iqbal , Razik Ahamed Sarjoon
Published: December 2022

This study investigated the highly influencing challenges which cause reluctance of Muslim women to pursue postgraduate education and their low level of interest in following postgraduate degrees. The study employed a quantitative method, and the data were collected through a questionnaire survey administered to about 200 participants out of the total Muslim female graduates of the South Eastern University of Sri Lanka who graduated from 2015 to 2019. The obtained data were subjected to analysis through the Numerical Outcome Prediction method with the help of SPSS software. The analysed data were interpreted to ascertain how each of the factors influenced the lack of Muslim women in postgraduate studies. Findings of the study show that while the husband’s refusal to allow was the most influential challenge in Muslim women’s reluctance to pursue postgraduate studies, ignorance about postgraduate studies, lack of some exclusive privileges for women to study, and the inability of women to engage in learning while shouldering family responsibilities, were also deduced as influential challenges. Furthermore, this study on Muslim women in Sri Lanka is significant as it can be a starting point for further research on this topic. Moreover, the findings of this study would be beneficial for policymakers and politicians to enhance future postgraduate education for Muslim women in Sri Lanka.
A Review on Factors to be Incorporated in Water Quality Study
Authors:   River Engineering and Urban Drainage Research Centre (REDAC), Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong  Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Mohd Soukhri Danial Nakhaie , Mohamad Faudzi Siti Multazimah ,   River Engineering and Urban Drainage Research Centre (REDAC), Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong  Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Yusof Zuriyati ,   River Engineering and Urban Drainage Research Centre (REDAC), Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong  Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Mohd Akhir Mohd Fitri ,   River Engineering and Urban Drainage Research Centre (REDAC), Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong  Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Mohd Kamal Nurzulaikha ,   River Engineering and Urban Drainage Research Centre (REDAC), Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong  Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Saad Noor Aida ,   River Engineering and Urban Drainage Research Centre (REDAC), Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong  Tebal, Pulau Pinang
Published: December 2022

Water quality issues had been the main concern in worldwide as water resource keeps being polluted. River acts as the main source of drinking water, habitat for aquatic life, agriculture and industry. Poor in water quality led to the increase n water treatment expenses, water scarcity and affect health. River pollution is caused by industrial discharge, sewage and wastewater, chemical fertilizers and pesticides and mining activities. This paper aims to review and comments on factors to be incorporated in water quality study. Water quality index and pollutants are found to be the critical factors. USA, Canada, Iraq, Thailand, Vietnam and Malaysia used different parameters in calculating WQI. The parameters being considered in the WQI are then classified the river according to their classes and usage. Department of Environment (DOE) Malaysia has highlighted three main pollutants in water quality study which are Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Ammoniacal Nitrogen (NH3N) and Suspended Solid (SS) due to their great influence on WQI calculation. However, standard treated water quality in Malaysia is still based on Environmental Quality Act, 1974 which is nearly 50 years ago. Emerging pollutants which are mainly organic compounds present as pharmaceuticals and personal care products are found in water resources nowadays and the treatment should be improvised along time. Some modification of class on usage of water as irrigation should be considered and the relevant of considering two oxygen demands in calculating WQI (BOD and COD).
Preliminary Investigation on Architecture Students’ Perceptions of Developing Hard and Soft Skills via Project-Based Learning
Authors:   Department of Architecture and Built Environment, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Mohammad Yusoff Wardah Fatimah , Ja’afar Nor Haslina ,   Department of Architecture and Built Environment, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Mohammad Noraziah ,   Department of Architecture and Built Environment, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Published: December 2022

In ensuring competitiveness and employability, architectural graduates nowadays have been observed to acquire new skills to complement their conventional architectural trainings. The main purpose of this paper is to discuss the hard and soft skills acquired by the architectural students via the architectural design project requirements, which is also categorized as project-based learning. The study utilizes mixed-mode methods through questionnaire survey and in-depth interview. As this is a preliminary study, the number of respondents for the survey is 32, while for the in-depth interview, only eight students have participated. From the findings, it can be concluded that skills such as video presentation (hard skill), teamwork and communication skills (soft skill) are essential for architecture students undertaking project-based learning. The findings of this study will be used to benefit investigations in student’s skill developments in project-based learning with larger number of respondents. It is hoped that the findings will be adopted into the architectural education field to better equip future graduate architects with skills which are necessary for the industry.
12-APR Segmentation and Global Hu-F Descriptor for Human Spine MRI Image Retrieval
Authors:   Center for Integrated Systems Engineering & Advanced Technologies (INTEGRA), Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems  Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, 43600, Selangor DE, Malaysia, W Zaki W Mimi Diyana , Chei Siong Ling ,   Center for Integrated Systems Engineering & Advanced Technologies (INTEGRA), Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems  Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, 43600, Selangor DE, Malaysia, Hussain Aini ,   Center for Integrated Systems Engineering & Advanced Technologies (INTEGRA), Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems  Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, 43600, Selangor DE, Malaysia, W Ahmad W Siti Halimatul Munirah ,   Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia University, 63100 Cyberjaya, Malaysia, Abdul Hamid Hamzaini ,   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Department of Radiology, Cheras, 56000, Selangor, Malaysia, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
Published: December 2022

The image retrieval system has been used to provide the needed correct images to the physicians while the diagnosis and treatment process is being conducted. The earlier image retrieval system was a text-based image retrieval system (TBIRS) that used keywords for the image context and it requires human’s help to manually make text annotation on the images. The text annotation process is a laborious task especially when dealing with a huge database and is prone to human errors. To overcome the aforementioned issues, the approach of a content-based image retrieval system (CBIRS) with automatic indexing using visual features such as colour, shape and texture becomes popular. Thus, this study proposes a semi-automated shape segmentation method using a 12-anatomical point representation method of the human spine vertebrae for CBIRS. The 12 points, which are annotated manually on the region of interest (ROI), is followed by automatic ROI extraction. The segmentation method performs excellently, as evidenced by the highest accuracy of 0.9987, specificity of 0.9989, and sensitivity of 0.9913. The features of the segmented ROI are extracted with a novel global Hu-F descriptor that combines a global shape descriptor, a Hu moment invariant, and a Fourier descriptor based on the ANOVA selection approach. The retrieval phase is implemented using 100 MRI data of the human spine for thoracic, lumbar, and sacral bones. The highest obtained precision is 0.9110 using a normalized Manhattan metric for lumbar bones. In a conclusion, a retrieval system to retrieve lumbar bones of the MRI human spine has been successfully developed to help radiologists in diagnosing human spine diseases.
Impact of Worker Demographics and Shift Rotation on Work Stress Factors in Manufacturing
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Lahore, Pakistan, Bugvi Salman Abubakar , Hameed Khurram ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Lahore, Pakistan, Hussain Amjad ,   Industrial and manufacturing Engineering Department, University of Engineering and Technology, Pakistan, Ahmad Mufti Nadeem ,   Industrial and manufacturing Engineering Department, University of Engineering and Technology, Pakistan, Ahmad Aftab ,   NFC Institute of Engineering and Fertilizer Research, Faisalabad, Pakistan, Jamil Fawad ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Lahore, Pakistan, Ghauri Farooq ,   Institute of Quality and Technology Management, The University of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
Published: December 2022

Work Stress is a barrier towards productivity and efficiency in manufacturing sector. Various factors of stress interact with the demographics such as age, education, experience, marital status and smoking habits of workers. Different workers exhibit different reactions towards work stress. To enhance productivity, manufacturing industry is utilizing night shift. However, night shift work is against the natural tendency of humans. The impact of rotating shift in context of work-stress of the workers is an area of concern. To understand the impact of demographics and shift rotation on work-stress of the workers, a quantitative study was undertaken in a medium sized automotive organization. The case organization was explored through a survey questionnaire administered to both day and night shift workers and analysed through Non parametric Spearman correlation and Mann Whitney U Test. The study highlights the need for effective reward and gratification scheme (Young Worker Avg 3.12 – Old Worker Avg 3.82), taking care of old age workers (Muscle Pain Old Avg 4.47 – Young Avg 3.84), reducing the smoking habit (Depression Smoking Avg 3.79 – Non Smoking Avg 3.12) (Fatigue Smoking Avg 3.92 – Non Smoking Avg 3.06), fostering social community and teamwork. Night shift may enhance production but should not be accepted as an ideal solution. The downsides and ill effects of the unnatural night shift work in the form of work stress are identified and should be reduced by management.
Performance of Steel Perforated and Partially-Encased Composite Self-Connected Beams
Authors:   University of Mosul, College of Engineering, Civil Engineering Dept., Azeez Maaroof Atyaf Abdul , Abdullah Jasim Ali ,   University of Mosul, College of Engineering, Civil Engineering Dept, Yahya Kasim Suhaib ,   University of Mosul, College of Engineering, Civil Engineering Dept
Published: December 2022

The self-connected partially encased composite beams may be used rather than the conventional composite beams; those are connected by the concrete passing through the web-openings of the perforated profiles which works as shear connectors. This technique minimizes the construction cost and enhances the load carrying capacity and ductility of this kind of structures better than the perforated steel beams. The presented work investigates the performance of perforated steel and partially-encased composited self-connected simply supported beams applied to three-points of loading. The effect of the openings shape and the presence of concrete on the performance of the beams are investigated by testing eight specimens of perforated steel and composite beams. The openings’ shapes of perforated steel profiles and composite beams were square, rectangular and circular. The solid steel profiles are taken as control beams in both exposed and encased specimens. The composite beam constructed using perforated steel profile with square openings was reinforced with conventional reinforcement,and setting its stirrups passing through the openings to improve the self connection. The failure modes, strain behaviours, and load-deflection curves were extensively discussed. The composite beams reinforced with perforated steel profiles exhibit higher composite performance than that reinforced with solid profiles. The concrete encasement improved the local deformation performance of the perforated steel profiles (50-300%), leading to a more ductile behaviour and a higher dissipation of energy. The square openings provide higher connectivity than other shapes due to the better arrangement of openings and presence of reinforced concrete.
Driver’s Performance Under Different Secondary Tasks and Disruptions on Rural Road Environment
Authors:   Mechanical Engineering Programme, Mohd Mohid Iylia Azura , Khamis Nor Kamaliana ,   Centre for Engineering Materials and Smart Manufacturing (MERCU), Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti  Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia, Shamsuddin Mohd Aizat ,   Centre for Engineering Materials and Smart Manufacturing (MERCU), Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti  Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia, Kabilmahir Nurainaa ,   Centre for Engineering Materials and Smart Manufacturing (MERCU), Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti  Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia, Noh Nor Azila ,   Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Pandan Indah, Malaysia
Published: December 2022

Nowadays, detection of driver’s fatigue is a major concern in vehicle design, road safety and transportation research. Driving tasks requires full attention from the drivers while operating the vehicle. Occasionally, drivers are exposed to perform other activities such as talking to a passenger and using an in-vehicle technology or phone which is known as secondary task while driving. Thus, this study aims to analyse the driver’s performance via three types of physiological measurements in a simulated condition. An integrated approach by combining subjective and objective methods were used in this study. There are Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS), Electroencephalogram (EEG) and Heart Rate (HR). Twelve participants were recruited to evaluate their responses towards different types of secondary tasks and disruptions in 25-minutes of driving duration. The findings showed that there are differences in physiological responses for this driving session. Beta Activity shows higher event-related power modulation values from start until the end of the driving session. In conclusion, the type of disruption during driving and secondary tasks shows different findings towards driver driving performances. This study can be used as reference to drivers and related agencies by taking into account the physiological effects of driver’s performance based on different secondary tasks and disruptions while driving.
Peroneal nerve palsy (injury) in fibullar tunnel syndrome
Authors: Luneva I. E. , Grishina D. A. , Suponeva N. A.
Published: December 2022

While compression neuropathies of the nerves of the lower limbs are not a common pathology, peroneal nerve neuropathy is the most common of them. Peroneal nerve compression most commonly occurs at or around the head of the fibula, but can also occur in the lower leg, ankle, or foot. Neurophysiological and neuroimaging methods are effective in diagnosing peroneal nerve compression and determining the type of damage. The first line of therapy is lifestyle modification, avoidance of compressive postures, ankle joint orthotics, treatment of knee joint instability when detected, kinesiotherapy. An important role in the correction of symptoms is played using anticholinesterase drugs, the effectiveness of which in diseases of peripheral nervous system has been shown in a number of domestic studies. If conservative treatment fails, surgical treatment is recommended. The diagnosis of peroneal neuropathy is associated with a good prognosis and most patients experience complete recovery of nerve function.
Estadios Isotópicos Marinos. Estratigrafía de los isótopos del oxígeno
Authors: Bardají Azcárate Teresa , Lario Javier
Published: December 2022

La estratigrafía de los isótopos del oxígeno no es un método de datación por sí mismo, sino que es necesaria la comparación de nuestros registros con secuencias isotópicas “globales “para su correlación. La proporción de los isótopos del oxígeno (O16, O18) en compuestos moleculares que contienen este elemento (p.ej. H2O, CaCO3) varía en función de la temperatura. La relación O18/O16 (δO18) nos ayuda no solo a determinar las temperaturas en el pasado geológico de la Tierra, sino también a identificar los cambios en el volumen de hielo en casquetes polares, promovidos por las variaciones en los parámetros orbitales (precesión, oblicuidad, excentricidad). La sucesión de épocas glaciares e interglaciares a lo largo del Cuaternario ha quedado registrada en sondeos oceánicos profundos (CaCO3 de los caparazones de organismos bentónicos y planctónicos) definiéndose estadios isotópicos mediante números pares (glaciares) e impares (interglaciares). La escala isotópica ha adquirido un valor cronoestratigráfico al construirse modelos de edad a partir de dataciones isotópicas (C14, series de Uranio, para los estadios isotópicos más recientes), la escala paleomagnética, y, sobre todo, mediante su ajuste astronómico. La correlación de nuestros registros con las secuencias isotópicas así establecidas nos permite establecer su cronología e interpretar la respuesta paleoclimática en nuestras latitudes ante las variaciones paleoclimáticas globales.
USAGE OF THE PLASTIC WASTES AS AN AGGREGATE IN CEMENTITOUS MIXTURES
Authors: KUL GÜL Nazlı İpek , KOÇKAL Niyazi
Published: December 2022

Due to its many advantages, polymer materials have a wide range of usage areas. There are some processes that must be applied to polymer wastes within the legal framework. Recycling is one of these processes. However, because it is a difficult and costly process, it becomes attractive to reuse these wastes. From this perspective, evaluating the feasibility of polymer wastes in cementitious mixtures as raw materials will be very useful research. In this study, cementitious mixtures containing plastic wastes in different proportions were studied. Mechanical properties were investigated by using plastic waste in two ratios with aggregate substitution in cementitious mixtures. As a result, it has been observed that some mechanical properties could be improved with the use of plastic wastes whose specific gravity is much lower than aggregate. The improvement in mechanical properties varies according to the type and amount of plastic wastes. Namely, it has been observed that 50% of the substitution of polystyrene and polycarbonate wastes and 10% of thermoplastic elastomers and electrical cable wastes increase some of the mechanical properties. It has been determined that the gradation of plastic wastes directly affects these properties such as fresh state properties and toughness of the cementitious mixtures. It is envisaged to obtain improved fresh state properties and high mechanical properties where the raw materials have more appropriate gradation.
THE EFFECT OF THERMİC POWER PLANT WASTE FLY ASH ON PROPERTİES OF PORTLAND CEMENT
Authors: YÜCETÜRK Şeyma
Published: December 2022

Today, increasing environmental awareness, national and international environmental policies are in parallel and getting stricter. The Concrete sector is criticized and under spotlight for consuming a billion tons natural resources and large amount of energy and high emissions from cement production - especially CO2. These criticisms are tried to be resolved with alternative ways. Fly ash in concrete and cement production, with the use of industrial wastes with pozzolanic properties such as blast furnace slag and silica fume, more sustainable and more durable end products can be obtained. The Fly ash, which is wastage of coal-based thermal power plants, it is easily accessible and it is one of the most used cement substitute materials due to its suitable fineness and chemical structure. With the appropriate use of fly ash, sufficient or even superior performance can be achieved in concrete.

In this thesis study, the fly ash supplied from the thermal power plant will be substituted in CEM I 42.5 R cement at the rates of 0%-10%-20%-30% and will be subjected to various analysis studies determined in accordance with Turkish standards in the cement industry quality control laboratory.

In this study, the physical, chemical and mechanical effects of fly ash on Portland cement were investigated by using fly ash from the Thermal Power Plant and CEM I 42.5 R cement together.
TULUM PEYNİRİNDEN Lactobacillus plantarum VE Lactobacillus paracasei İZOLASYONU, TANIMLANMASI VE ANTİBİYOTİK DİRENÇLİLİK ÖZELLİKLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: KÜÇÜKÖNDER Gül , ERDEM Tuğba , AYMAN Sermet , GEZGİNÇ Yekta
Published: December 2022

Laktik asit bakterileri (LAB); doğada fermentatif, fakültatif, anaerob ve aerotolerant özelliklere sahip geniş bir mikroorganizma grubudur. LAB’ların çeşitli fermentasyonlar açısından önemli bir yere sahip oldukları bilinmektedir. LAB’ lar antibiyotiklere maruz kalma durumlarında gıda tüketimi ile tüketicilerde antibiyotik direnç belirleyicilerin yayılımı açısından önem arz etmektedirler. Bu çalışmada Tulum peynirlerinden izole edilen ve Lactobacillus plantarum (9) ve Lactobacillus paracasei (6) olarak PCR yöntemi ile tanımlanan izolatların antibiyotik dirençlilikleri fenotipik yöntemlerle belirlenmiştir. LAB izolatlarının göstermiş olduğu en yüksek direncin (%100) kanamisin, streptomisin ve ampisilin antibiyotiklerine karşı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca eritromisin (% 86,6), rifampisin ve tetrasiklin (%73,3), gentamisin ve vankomisin (% 80), kloramfenikol (% 60), penisilin (% 53,3) antibiyotiklerine karşı da önemli oranlarda dirençlilik tespit edilmiştir.
ALETSEL DEPREM KATALOĞU VERİLERİ İLE BUCAK (BURDUR) VE ÇEVRESİNİN SİSMİK TEHLİKE PARAMETRELERİNİN TAHMİNİ
Authors: UÇAR Fatih
Published: December 2022

Sismik tehlike analizleri, gelecekteki depremleri tahmin etmek ve depremlerin olası yıkıcı etkilerinin azaltılabilmesi için yapılan çalışmaların temelini oluşturmaktadır. Sismik tehlike haritasına göre, Türkiye orta ile yüksek arasında değişen seviyelerde sismik tehlikeye maruz kalmaktadır. Bu çalışma, Antalya, Burdur, Isparta, Denizli, Afyon, Uşak, Muğla illerini içermekte ve çalışma alanın sınırları Kütahya ve Manisa, Aydın ve Ege Denizi, Konya ve Akdeniz'i ile belirlenmektedir. Yeni Türkiye Deprem Bölgeleri Haritası’na göre çalışma için belirlenen deprem bölgelerinin PGA değerleri 0,2 g'nin üzerinde olup ortalama 0,32 g'dir. Belirlenen bölgelerin sismik parametrelerinin analizi için Türkiye aletsel deprem kataloğu verileri kullanılmıştır. Çalışma alanı Bucak (Burdur) merkezli 220 km yarıçaplı bir daire ile sınırlanmıştır. Çalışma alanı depremlerin yoğunluğuna ve bölgelerin sismotektonik yapısına göre beş sismik bölgeye ayrılmıştır. Büyüklük tekrarlama parametreleri Gutenberg-Richter ilişkisine dayalı olarak analiz edilmiştir. Tekrarlama parametreleri olan a ve b sırasıyla 2,92 – 4,12 ve 0,86 – 0,99 aralığında değişmektedir. Çalışma alanı için büyüklüğü 5.5'ten fazla olan bir depremin gelecek 50 yılda olma olasılığı ortalama %83,79 olarak ve büyüklüğü 7.0'dan fazla olan bir depremin gelecek 100 yılda olma olasılığı ise ortalama %17,18 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Deprem tehlikesinin yüksek olduğu görülen bu bölgede, mühendislik yapılarının yer seçimi sürecinde sismik tehlike analizlerinin yanı sıra yerel zemin koşullarının da (kaya / toprak) dikkate alınması önemlidir.
THE CAESAREA GERMANICIA (?) OF ARCHEOGEOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATIONS
Authors: DUMANKAYA Oktay , BEKTAŞ Özcan , KOŞAROĞLU Sinan , BÜYÜKSARAÇ Aydın
Published: December 2022

The remains unearthed in the Dulkadiroğlu district, one of the central districts of Kahramanmaraş, are thought to belong to Caesarea Germanicia, which was founded in the Roman Period. Research and excavations carried out by the Kahramanmaraş Museum and us in the region have revealed that the spread of archaeological cultural remains is more than 150 hectares. Although the concentration of Roman Period cultural remains in the research and excavations was remarkable, the discovery of Byzantine, Seljuk, and Ottoman Period ceramic pieces indicates an uninterrupted settlement in the research area for centuries. However, as can be seen in the images, the dense residential texture in the region is one of the biggest obstacles to archaeological research and excavations. Because, in order to carry out archaeological excavations of the identified structures, expropriations are required. However, the expropriation period covers an average of 2-4 years, which makes it difficult to conduct scientific research. Archeogeophysical methods provide information about the location, depth, and dimensions of the archaeological remains by applying them from the surface, without causing any damage to the archaeological remains sought. In this context, Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) measurements were carried out to determine the quality of the mosaic-based structure on 445 layout, which were previously unearthed through illegal excavations in 2019, and the parcels on which it extends. GPR was carried out along 6 profiles. The obtained results were compared both with each other and with the existing surface conditions, and GPR depth maps were created. When the GPR depth sections were examined, 4 important reflections were found. It has been interpreted that 3 of these reflections belong to the archaeological building remains and 1 of them originates from a metal material (pipe). It was determined that the depth of the archaeological remains identified in the GPR sections started at a depth of approximately 20 cm. As a result of the excavation, it was seen that the reflections determined in the GPR sections belonged to the wall remains and metal pipe. As a result of archaeological excavations, it was determined that the GPR reflections belong to the remains of the walls of the Villa Rustica of the Early Byzantine Period or a Roman bath, as well as a metal pipe. In the measurements of the ground radar, it was determined that other walls cut the building walls in parallel. As a result of archaeological excavations, it was understood that these walls were made of rubble stone with mud additives. It was discovered during archaeological excavations and was discovered in the 11th-13th centuries AD. One of the ceramic fragments indicates that this structure was used again in the Middle Byzantine Period.
Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Teknikleri Kullanılarak Yapısal Bir Uygulama İçin Kompozit Malzeme Önceliklendirilmesi
Authors: DURMAZ Mehmet , ÇERMİK Özdeş
Published: December 2022

Malzeme seçimi yapısal/mekanik tasarım süreçlerinde çok önemli adımlardan biridir. Malzeme seçimi yapılırken analitik ve matematiksel ilkelere dayanan karar verme süreçlerinin daha iyi sonuç verdiği literatürde görülmüştür. Çok Kriterli Karar Verme (ÇKKV) metotları malzeme seçiminde etkin ve sıklıkla kullanılan tekniklerdir. Bu çalışmada, değişik oran ve tipte kumaş, yüksek fırın cürufu ve epoksi içeren 8 adet kompozit malzeme arasından yapısal bir uygulamada kullanılmak üzere en uygun malzeme seçimi için farklı ÇKKV tekniklerinden yararlanılmıştır. Literatürde AHP ve TOPSIS teknikleriyle yapılan malzeme seçimine ek olarak ELECTRE I ve VIKOR yöntemleri kullanılarak elde edilen sonuçlar karşılaştırılmıştır. Kompozit malzemelerin yoğunluk, aşınma hızı, mikro sertlik, çekme mukavemeti, eğilme mukavemeti, kayma mukavemeti ve darbe dayanımı gibi 8 farklı fiziksel-mekanik ve aşınma özelliklerini belirleyen kriterler kullanılarak sıralama ve seçim işlemleri uygulanmıştır. ELECTRE I ve VIKOR metotları kullanılarak alternatifler kendi aralarında en iyiden en kötüye doğru, her bir metot için ayrı ayrı sıralama yapılmıştır. ELECTRE I, VIKOR ve TOPSIS yöntemlerinden elde edilen sonuçlar birbirleriyle kıyaslanmıştır. Yapılan malzeme seçimi sıralamasında viskon kumaş içerikli %10-15 yüksek fırın cürufu ile %60- 55 epoksi içeren kompozit malzemelerin en iyi tercihler olduğu sonucu elde edilmiştir.
Kinematic Comparison of Orthopedic Shoes and Ankle-Foot Orthoses in Children With Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Koltsov Andrey A. , Aksenov Andrey Yu. , Dzhomardly Elnur I.
Published: December 2022

Background. In patients with cerebral palsy (CP), secondary orthopedic deformities and violations of the walking pattern are often observed, so various methods of treatment are used for its correction, including orthosis. Abroad, orthoses (AFO) for ankle joints are most often used in clinical practice, whereas in Russia complex orthopedic shoes are used. At the same time, there are no comparative studies investigating the influence of these orthopedic products on the biomechanical parameters of gait.
The aim of the study was to compare the kinematic parameters of walking in children with cerebral palsy, depending on the type of fixation of the foot and ankle joint.
Methods. 25 biomechanical studies (9 barefoot tests; 7 tests in orthopedic shoes; 9 tests in AFO) were conducted in 9 patients with GMFCS 2 and GMFCS 3 levels of global motor function impairment.
Results. The analysis showed that using AFO compared to walking barefoot, regardless of the GMFCS level, positively affects the space-time characteristics of walking, the kinematics of the ankle and knee joints, without significantly affecting the function of the hip joint. In this regard, an improvement in the integral indicator the gait index was noted. The use of orthopedic shoes in patients with GMFCS 2 and GMFCS 3 levels of global motor functions led to an improvement in the kinematics of the ankle and knee joints. At the same time, in patients in the GMFCS 2 group, the use of orthopedic shoes provided an improvement in more components of the gait index, whereas in the GMFCS 3 group, the number of such variables was significantly less. A comparative analysis of the results showed that the kinematic parameters of walking in orthopedic shoes are better in patients of the GMFCS 2 group, but in the GMFCS 3 group it is significantly better when using AFO.
Conclusion. The choice of the type of foot fixation in patients with cerebral palsy, taking into account the level of global motor functions impairment, can significantly affect the correction of biomechanical parameters of walking.
Comparison of stapler and hand-sewn roux en Y jejunal anastomosis in children
Authors: ALKAN Murat , TUTUŞ Kamuran , TÜRKER ÇOLAK Selcan , FAKIOĞLU Ender , KILIÇ Şeref Selçuk , OZDEN Onder , TUNCER Recep
Published: December 2022

outcomes of stapled and hand-sewn Roux-en-Y intestinal anastomoses in childhood.

Materials and Methods: At a university hospital, the records of the children who underwent roux-en-Y anastomosis between December 2007 and December 2014 were reviewed. The data were compared according to the roux-en-Y anastomosis technique used (stapled versus hand-sewn).

Results: A total of 52 patients had undergone roux-en-Y anastomosis. All had biliary atresia or choledochal cyst. Thirty-one of the patients were diagnosed with biliary atresia and 21 with choledochal cysts. Staple anastomosis technique was used in 16 of the patients with biliary atresia and 9 of the patients with choledochal cyst. Both in biliary atresia and choledochal cyst cases; operations with stapled anastomosis were significantly shorter than the ones with hand-sewn anastomosis. Among the biliary atresia cases, post-operative oral feeding was initiated significantly earlier in the stapled group, with its lower risks of post-operative cholangitis and longer hospital stay than 7 days.

Conclusion: This is the first study in children, confirming the time-saving advantage of stapled anastomosis over hand-sewn, during roux-en-Y anastomosis for biliary atresia and choledochal cyst; along with the safety of stapler use, including the neonates. Stapled anastomosis yields lower complication rates, faster function gain with earlier feeding and hospital discharge.
Erken dönem civciv embriyo modelinde dimenhidrinatın nöral tüp gelişimi üzerine etkisi
Authors: SARITAŞ Alperen , ALBAŞ KURT Gülan , BİLİR Abdülkadir , TURAMANLAR Ozan , GÜRSOY Fatih
Published: December 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmada dimenhidrinat’ın erken dönem civciv embriyo modelinde nöral tüp gelişimi üzerindeki etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada 32 fertil, spesifik patojen olmayan yumurta kullanıldı. Tüm yumurtalar her bir grupta 8 adet olacak şekilde dört gruba ayrıldı. İnkübasyonun 28. saatinde deney gruplarına üç farklı dozda (0,7, 1,4, 2,1 mg/kg) dimenhidrinat ve kontrol grubuna serum fizyolojik enjekte edildi. İnkübasyonun 48. saatinde tüm embriyolar diseke edildi ve ışık mikroskobu altında histolojik olarak değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Kontrol, düşük, orta ve yüksek doz grubu embriyoları morfolojik olarak değerlendirildiğinde, kraniokaudal uzunluk ortalamaları sırasıyla; 8493,73±1342,90 µm, 5743,61±770,3 µm, 5572,62±315,32 µm, 5306,55±1135,99 µm, somit sayıları ortalamaları sırasıyla; 15,91±1,62, 15,38±1,19, 15,13±0,83, 10,63±5,15‘dir. Dimenhidrinat dozundaki artışa bağlı olarak kraniokaudal uzunluklarının ve somit sayılarının azaldığı tespit edildi. Dimenhidrinat doz artışına bağlı olarak nöral tüp açıklığının arttığı belirlendi .

Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, erken dönem civciv embriyo modelinde dimenhidrinat uygulanan gruplarda doz artışına bağlı olarak nörogenezisin ve morfolojik gelişimin olumsuz etkilendiği görüldü.
Comparison of psychotropic drug preferences and side effects in old and young patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder
Authors: UÇAR Zehra , YILDIRIM Betül , TATLI Safiye Zeynep , ÖZEL KIZIL Erguvan Tuğba
Published: December 2022

Purpose: The current study investigates the preferred psychotropic drug treatments and their tolerability in elderly patients (EP) with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder compared to younger patients (YP).

Materials and Methods: The study included 154 EP and 195 YP with schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder admitted to the outpatient unit at a university hospital in the last decade. The medical records of the patients were reviewed. The types and doses of antipsychotic drugs used by each patient, use of other psychotropic drugs, ongoing complaints, drug-related side effects and compliance with treatment were also examined.

Results: Second generation antipsychotic use was higher in YP (88% in YP, 80% in EP). Antipsychotic equivalent doses were found 266.63 mg in EP, 522.21 mg in YP, that also higher in the YP group. The use of clozapine (7% in EP, 37% in YP) and mood stabilizers (4.5% in EP, 18% in YP) were higher in YP. There was a higher rate of dose reduction of antipsychotic drugs in EP (21.5% in YP, 52% in EP). When the groups were compared in terms of the reasons of antipsychotic dose reduction, it was more frequent in EP due to side effects (21.4% in YP, 40% in EP), while the dose reduction due to remission was more common in YP (78.6% in YP, 60% in EP) .

Conclusion: Lower doses of antipsychotics in EP suggests milder symptoms or lower tolerability. The higher clozapine and mood stabilizer use in YP can be explained by avoiding side effects like extrapyramidal, cardiovascular and metabolic side effects that are more frequent in EP.
Serum oxidant, antioxidant, and paraoxonase levels in COVID-19 patients
Authors: DUYURAN Rumeysa , GÜRBÜZ Hüseyin , BAYRAKÇI Sinem , ÇİÇEK Hülya
Published: December 2022

Purpose: The aim of his study was to determine serum oxidant status (TOS), antioxidant status (TAS), and paraoxonase (PON1) levels and to determine their diagnostic values in patients diagnosed with COVID-19.

Materials and Methods: The research was carried out on patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Within the scope of the study, a total of 87 patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19, 48 (55.1%) male and 39 (44.9%) were evaluated. Total antioxidant determination was performed using a microplate reader according to the Erel method. To calculate the Oxidative stress index (OSI), TOS and TAS levels were determined.

Results: Male gender was associated with high PON1, smoking with high TOS, the presence of hypertension and Diabetes mellitus (DM) diseases with low OSI, and the presence of asthma with low PON1. High PON1 was found to be associated with shorter hospitalization duration and high TOS was associated with longer hospitalization duration. TAS and TOS levels increased significantly due to the increase in CRP, TOS levels due to the increase in neutrophil level, OSI levels due to the increase in leukocyte level, PON1 levels increased due to the increase in LDH level TAS, TOS, OSI, and PON1 cut-off values were 1.41 (AUC: 0.647), 4.56 (AUC: 0.493), 0.421 (AUC: 0.505) and 340 (AUC: 0.536), sensitivity values were 65.5, 55.2, 48.3 and 51.7; specificity values were calculated respectively as 62.1, 46.6, 34.5 and 53.4.

Conclusion: Although it is seen that oxidative stress types have diagnostic value, there is a need for more comprehensive studies with larger samples on the subject.
Hand Sanitizer Alami Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Personal Hygiene Warga
Authors: Khoirunnisa Siti , Wijayanti Berlina Ayu , Aditya Widya Kartika , Nafisah Faridatun
Published: December 2022

Society’s knowledge about the Covid-19 virus as an effort to prevent the spread of the corona virus through the improvement of personal hygiene to face this pandemic is very important. One of the preventions that can be done is by using hand sanitizer. The increasing number of hand sanitizer needs has caused its availability to be limited and its selling price increase. Therefore, it is needed to conduct online socialization in the making of hand sanitizers with natural ingredients. Online socialization is carried out so that society can understand the benefits and how to make it without giving the risk of the spread of Covid-19 through the crowd from these activities, this is carried out to comply with health protocols. Online socialization was carried out through educational videos that were forwarded through the WhatsApp group of the Covid-19 Handling Acceleration Team that consists of the head of every RT and staff of Kelurahan Mondokan. The result, the society in Kelurahan Mondokan understands the benefits and how to make natural hand sanitizer so they can make their own hand sanitizer and can improve the standard of personal hygiene values of society as an effort to prevent the spread of corona virus.Pengetahuan warga mengenai virus covid-19 dalam upaya mencegah penyebaran virus corona melalui peningkatan personal hygiene masyarakat dalam menghadapi pandemi ini sangat penting. Salah satu pencegahan yang dapat dilakukan yaitu dengan menggunakan hand sanitizer. Peningkatan jumlah kebutuhan hand sanitizer di tengah pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan ketersediaannya menjadi terbatas serta harga jualnya menjadi meningkat, oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan sosialisasi daring pembuatan hand sanitizer alami untuk memenuhi kebutuhan ketersediaan hand sanitizer. Sosialiasi daring dilakukan agar warga dapat memahami manfaat penggunaan hand sanitizer serta pembuatannya tanpa memberikan resiko terjadinya penyebaran Covid-19 melalui kerumunan dari kegiatan tersebut, hal ini dilaksanakan untuk mematuhi protokol kesehatan dalam masa pandemi ini. Sosialisasi daring dilakukan melalui pembuatan video edukasi yang kemudian disebarluaskan melalui WhatsaApp group Tim Percepatan Penanganan Covid-19 yang beranggotakan ketua RT dan perangkat kelurahan. Dari hasil tersebut, warga paham mengenai manfaat, bahan dan cara pembuatan hand sanitizer alami sehingga dapat memproduksi secara mandiri di rumah serta dapat meningkatkan standar nilai personal hygiene warga dalam upaya mencegah penyebaran virus corona.
Adaptación y factorización de escalas de Toma de Decisiones y de Procrastinación Activa en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Suárez-Perdomo Arminda , Feliciano-García Luis , Santana-Vega Lidia E.
Published: December 2022

Este artículo describe la adaptación y factorización de la New Active Procrastination Scale (NAPS) y el Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire (MDMQ). En el estudio participaron 515 estudiantes de edades comprendidas entre 18 y 42 años (M = 20.35 años, DT = 3.08), siendo el 79.4 % mujeres y el 20.6 % varones. Para la obtención de la estructura factorial se empleó la técnica del modelo de ecuaciones estructurales exploratorio (MESE), y se utilizó el mínimo cuadrado ponderado ajustado a la media y varianza (WLSMW) como método de estimación. Los resultados muestran en cada escala un modelo de cuatro factores como factorización óptima del constructo analizado. Los factores obtenidos en la Escala de Procrastinación Activa (EPA) son: Satisfacción por los resultados, Preferencia por la presión, Decisión intencionada de posponer la tarea y Habilidad para cumplir los plazos. Los factores obtenidos en la Escala de Toma de Decisiones (ETD) son: Estrés e Insatisfacción, Vigilancia, Evitación y Postergación de la tarea. Los coeficientes de fiabilidad de la EPA y la ETD son superiores a .80. Ambas escalas capturan las dimensiones hipotetizadas del constructo de procrastinación. Tanto la EPA como la ETD presentan unas propiedades psicométricas adecuadas que las hacen útiles para la evaluación de los perfiles de procrastinación del alumnado universitario.
La Influencia de la satisfacción, expectativas y percepción del rendimiento en el abandono universitario durante la pandemia
Authors: Galve González Celia , Blanco Elena , Vázquez Merino David , Herrero Francisco Javier , Bernardo Ana Belén
Published: December 2022

El abandono universitario es un área de investigación creciente debido a las diversas consecuencias negativas que puede acarrear. Se trata de un fenómeno complejo en el que intervienen múltiples variables, entre ellas factores emocionales-motivacionales. Algunas de estas variables, como la satisfacción con la educación superior y las expectativas de la titulación, son especialmente relevantes entre los estudiantes de primer curso, y más aún en un contexto de virtualidad forzada, como ha sido el caso de la crisis del COVID-19. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la relación entre las variables emocionales-motivacionales y la intención de abandono entre un grupo de estudiantes, así como evaluar la percepción de su rendimiento académico durante la pandemia. La muestra del estudio estuvo formada por 513 estudiantes de primer y segundo curso de diferentes titulaciones de Ciencias Sociales y Ciencias de la Salud de dos universidades públicas españolas. Se utilizó un cuestionario ad hoc para medir la intención de abandono y su relación con una serie de variables. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y modelización en árbol de decisión. Los resultados revelan que las variables predictoras más significativas para explicar la intención de abandono son la satisfacción con la elección de la titulación, las expectativas y el aprendizaje de conocimientos relevantes para su futuro profesional. También se encontró que la percepción de los estudiantes de que su rendimiento académico había disminuido durante el COVID-19 era uno de los predictores del abandono.
Surgical technique management of microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia
Authors: Yang Lixiang , Cheng Huilin
Published: December 2022

Trigeminal neuralgia is a severe neuropathic disorder, affecting the distribution area of the trigeminal nerve and often impairs the quality of life of patients. More and more scholars agree that one of the pathogenesis of trigeminal neuralgia is due to the demyelinating lesion caused by vascular compression or arachnoid bundle wrapping on the root exit zone of trigeminal nerve. In this regard, the most effective method is microvascular decompression, which can relieve the compression of the offending vessels and the thickened arachnoid on the trigeminal nerve. However, it still has some disadvantages, such as the possibility of fatal complications. In recent years, with the advancement of neurosurgical treatment technology, new progress has been made in microvascular decompression. This article mainly introduces the surgical techniques and new methods of the microvascular decompression.