bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neuroprotective effects of phloretin and phloridzin on paclitaxel-induced neuronal damage in primary neuron cells
Authors: YAYLA Muhammed , ÜN Harun , BİNNETOĞLU Damla
Published: May 2021

Purpose: Paclitaxel, is one of the most commonly used chemotherapeutic, causes neuron damage with some serious side effects such as neutropenia and peripheral neuropathy. In current study, we used phloretin and phloridzin to investigate their neuroprotective effects on paclitaxel-induced neuronal damage.

Materials and Methods: The neuroprotective effects of phloretin and phloridzin has been analyzed on cell culture of primary neuron cells and evaluated by testing cell viability, total oxidant and total antioxidant capacities and expression of caspase-3, caspase-9 and TNF-α. Paclitaxel administration caused cell death and significant increase of total oxidant levels and activation of apoptotic genes such as caspase-3, caspase-9 and TNF-α.

Results: Phloretin and phloridzin treatments at micromolar concentrations reduced paclitaxel-induced cell death by increasing total antioxidant levels. Also these two flavonoids protect neuron cells from apoptosis by decreasing caspase-3, caspase-9 and TNF-α gene expression. For this reason, these molecules may recover the oxidative damage, and restore normal cellular conditions.

Conclusion: This study shows the promising neuroprotective ability of the phloretin and phloridzin able to protect neuron cells from injury induced by paclitaxel, actively increasing antioxidant capacity, normalizing oxidant levels and consequently avoiding cell death.
Karitane Ebeveyn Kendine Güven Ölçeği: Türkçe geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması
Authors: YILMAZ Büşra , OSKAY Ümran
Published: May 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, 0-12 aylık bebeğe sahip ebeveynlerde kullanılmak üzere geliştirilmiş olan Karitane Ebeveyn Kendine Güven Ölçeği (KEKGÖ)’nin Türkçe uyarlamasının geçerliği ve güvenilirliğini test etmektir.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma verileri çevrimiçi platformda Nisan-Aralık 2020 tarih aralığında toplandı. Çalışmaya 0-12 aylık bebeği olan 218 ebeveyn dâhil edildi. Verilerin toplanmasında katılımcı tanıtım formu, Anne-Baba Stres Ölçeği ve KEKGÖ kullanıldı. Çalışmada KEKGÖ’yü Türk dili ve kültürüne uyarlamak, geçerlik ve güvenirliğini belirlemek için dil ve kapsam geçerliliği, madde analizi, açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri, iç tutarlılık katsayıları, eş zamanlı ve yakınsak geçerlik sonuçları değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 30.19±4.10’dur. Ölçeğin toplam Kapsam Geçerlik İndeksi 0.98 olarak hesaplandı. Ölçeğin iki faktörlü yapısının kabul edilebilir uyum indeksleri aralığında olduğu bulundu. Bir maddenin çıkarılması ve birinin ters puanlanması sonrası 14 maddelik ölçeğin Cronbach alfa değeri, toplam ölçek için 0.934, “Bebeğin bakımı” alt boyutu için 0.966 ve “Ebeveynlik rolü” alt boyutu için 0.712 olarak belirlendi.

Sonuç: KEKGÖ’nün Türkçe versiyonunun 0-12 aylık bebekleri olan annelerin ebeveynlik konusundaki kendine güven durumlarının değerlendirilmesi için uygun olduğu bulunmuştur.
Relationship between the anthropometric profile and physical fitness of surfers and their dynamic postural balance
Authors: Morales-Vargas Ronald , Valdes-Badilla Pablo , Guzmán-Muñoz Eduardo
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Surfing is a discipline that has considerably increased the number of followers who practice this sport. Research has focused on describing the main variables associated with performance, but not the relationships that may exist between them. Objective: To establish the relationship of dynamic postural balance with respect to the anthropometric profile and physical aptitude in surfers. Material and method: This research is an observational and cross-sectional study of a descriptive-correlational type. The sample included 30 surfers (8 women and 22 men). The variables of the anthropometric profile studied were body mass, bipedal height, body mass index (BMI), sum of folds, body composition and somatotype. Furthermore, physical aptitude was assessed by indirect tests. The data of the anthropometric profile and physical aptitude were correlated with the results of the dynamic postural balance test (Y balance test). Results: For the anterior direction of the Y balance test, the variables that were significant were gender, body weight, bipedal height, sum of folds, adipose mass and Sargent’s jump height (R2 = 0.55). The posteromedial direction of the Y balance test yielded a significant model that indicates that gender, sum of folds and adipose mass are the variables that jointly predict dynamic postural balance (R2 = 0.30). For the posterolateral direction, the model indicates that the BMI, sum of folds, adipose mass, mesomorphism, ectomorphism and performance in the sit and reach test are the variables that influence the performance of the Y balance test (R2 = 0.55). Conclusion: Predictive models were established to determine anthropometric and physical condition variables that would be decisive for the performance of a surfer’s postural balance.
Gargling Effect of Zamzam Water on Salivary pH
Authors: Alawiyah Fadlun , Chairani Shanty , Anastasia Danica
Published: May 2021

Caries is a multifactorial infection disease that happened during the decrease of salivary pH caused by acids from bacterial metabolism. Bicarbonate is an important buffer component in saliva that can help neutralize salivary pH. Zamzam water has high bicarbonate content. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of gargled with Zamzam water on salivary pH. This experimental research was done with pre-test and post-test control group design involving 40 dentistry students at the University of Sriwijaya aged 18-23 years old, with DMF-T score ≤3. Samples were divided into 2 groups, the Zamzam water group, and thedistilled water group. Samples gargled their mouth with 10 ml of a 25% sucrose solution for one minute, then saliva was collected with spitting method and salivary pH was measured with digital pH meter and recorded as initial pH. Samples then gargledwith 20 ml of  Zamzam water or distilled water according to each group for one minute, then saliva was collected in the same way as before, and pH was measured and recorded as final pH. Data were analyzed with paired t-test and Mann-Whitney. The result showed that salivary pH increased significantly after gargled with Zamzam water (p0,05). The mean difference of salivary pH aftergargled with Zamzam water was statistically higher than distilled water (p0,05). In conclusion, Gargled with Zamzam water can increase salivary pH.
Perbedaan Tingkat Pemahaman Pengetahuan pada Anak Tunarungu antara Penyuluhan Metode Komik dan Video
Authors: Alphianti Likky Tiara , Rahma Firda Tsani Aulia
Published: May 2021

Adanya hambatan pada proses berbicara dan berbahasa sehingga menyebabkan kesulitan dalam berkomunikasi merupakan hal yang dialami oleh anak tuna rungu. Indera penglihatan menjadi hal penting yang dapat dimanfaatkan dengan optimal untuk berkomunikasi oleh anak tuna rungu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkapkan ada tidaknya perbedaan tingkat pemahaman anak tuna rungu terhadap kesehatan gigi-mulut setelah diberikan penyuluhan antara 2 metode, yaitu komik dan video. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental kuasi. Sampel dipilih dengan teknik total sampling pada siswa tuna rungu (10-16 tahun) di SLBN 1 Bantul sesuai kriteria penelitian (N=14). Subjek pada kelompok 1 diberikan penyuluhan dengan metode komik dan kelompok 2 metode video. Data penelitian ini merupakan hasil penilaian kuesioner sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan. Hasil uji statistik Wilcoxon menunjukkan bahwa baik pada kelompok 1 dan 2 tidak ada perbedaan antara pre-test dan post-test (p 0,05). Hasil uji Mann-Whitney didapatkan p 0,05, hal ini menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kedua kelompok. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah tidak terdapat perbedaan tingkat pemahaman terhadap kesehatan gigi dan mulut sebelum dan setelah pemberian penyuluhan antara metode komik dan video pada anak tuna rungu.
Pemberian Madu Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) Menurunkan Luas Luka dan Kadar Malondialdehid Tikus Diabetes Melitus
Authors: Yuslianti Euis Reni , Sutjiatmo Afifah B. , Septiani Dita
Published: May 2021

Diabetes melitus merupakan kelainan metabolik yang disebabkan oleh kenaikan kadar gula darah. Luka pada penderita diabetes dapat menjadi ulkus yang melibatkan radikal bebas. Madu rambutan mengandung tinggi antioksidan yang berfungsi sebagai penyembuhan luka. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh madu rambutan terhadap luas luka dan kadar Malondialdehid (MDA) mukosa mulut tikus Wistar diabetes melitus. Metode penelitian adalah eksperimental laboratoris. Sampel penelitian menggunakan 36 ekor tikus jantan galur Wistar. Semua tikus diinduksi aloksan untuk mendapatkan keadaan diabetes, kecuali kelompok kontrol negatif. Semua tikus diberi perlukaan dengan menggunakan punch biopsy berdiameter 4 mm pada palatum dalam kelompok kontrol positif, kontrol negatif, dan kelompok madu rambutan. Terminasi dilakukan pada hari ke-0, ke3, ke-7, dan ke-14 sebanyak 3 ekor tikus pada setiap kelompok serta dilakukan pengukuran luas luka dan pembacaan MDA jaringan. Uji analisis statistik menggunakan uji One Way ANOVA dan uji Kruskall Wallis (p 0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan madu rambutan dapat menurunkan luas luka pada hari ketujuh dan keempat belas serta menurunkan kadar radikal bebas MDA luka diabetes melitus. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pemberian madu rambutan dengan kandungan antioksidan dapat menurunkan luas luka dan kadar radikal bebas malondialdehid plasma darah tikus diabetes sehingga berpotensi untuk obat penyembuh luka rongga mulut manusia dengan diabetes melitus.
Penatalaksanaan Bedah Periapikal Molar Pertama Maksila pada Instrumen Endodontik Patah
Authors: Aristiyanto Regia , Kartikaningtyas Aqilla Tiara
Published: May 2021

Instrumen endodontik patah merupakan salah satu komplikasi yang paling sering terjadi pada perawatan saluran akar. Pengambilan intrumen yang patah dari saluran akar merupakan prosedur yang sulit, terutama ketika menembus hingga periapikal. Laporan kasus ini bertujuan menyajikan penatalaksanaan bedah pengambilan instrumen endodontik patah pada periapikal gigi molar pertama maksila. Seorang pria berusia 29 tahun dirujuk ke departemen konservasi gigi karena mengeluhkan sakit yang tumpul dan intermiten pada gigi molar pertama kiri atas dan bertambah sakit ketika menggigit. Pasien menjelaskan telah menjalani perawatan saluran akar yang tidak lengkap sekitar 2 bulan yang lalu. Pemeriksaan klinis menunjukkan terdapat tumpatan sementara pada permukaan oklusal molar pertama kiri atas dan respon positif pada pemeriksaan perkusi. Berdasarkan pemeriksaan radiograf periapikal, terdapat sebuah segmen file patah yang ekstrusi keluar dari akar mesio bukal dengan obturasi saluran akar yang tidak hermetis pada saluran akar. Pengambilan instrumen patah dilakukan dengan bedah periapikal (teknik retrograde), selanjutnya dilakukan reseksi akar mesiobukal. Penatalaksanaan instrumen endodontik patah hingga daerah periapikal dengan bedah periapikal merupakan pilihan perawatan yang menunjukkan hasil dan prognosis yang baik.
Permainan Ular Tangga Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut Anak Disabilitas Rungu
Authors: Dini Nabilah Nur , Agustin Erna Dwi , Amurwaningsih Musri
Published: May 2021

Anak disabilitas rungu memiliki keterbatasan pendengaran sehingga mengalami hambatan dalam perkembangan bahasa. Keterbatasan tersebut mempengaruhi tingkat pengetahuan anak terhadap informasi yang didapatkan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh penyuluhan menggunakan permainan ular tangga dalam peningkatan pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dan mulut pada anak disabilitas rungu di SLB Negeri Semarang. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan Experimental dengan pre and post test group design. Sampel diambil dengan teknik total sampling yaitu seluruh siswa disabilitas rungu di SLB Negeri Semarang berjumlah 45 anak. Penelitian ini dilakukan sebanyak 5 kali pertemuan. Data dinalisis menggunakan uji Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data yang dilakukan, menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p0,05) pada data sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan penyuluhan menggunakan permainan ular tangga yang artinya terdapat pengaruh pada penyuluhan menggunakan permainan ular tangga terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dan mulut anak disabilitas rungu. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah penyuluhan menggunakan permainan ular tangga berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dan mulut pada anak disabilitas rungu.
Accountability educacional: sentidos discursivos em análise
Authors: De Oliveira Maria Angela Alves , Dos Santos Ana Lúcia Félix
Published: May 2021

O trabalho discute os sentidos do termo accountability em educação a partir da Análise Crítica do Discurso (ACD) presente em estudos acadêmicos que se dedicaram a pesquisar políticas de avaliação no Brasil e sua relação com esse termo. Os resultados revelaram discursos heterogêneos quanto à tradução de accountability, mas constatou- -se uma polarização que traduz o termo ora como prestação de contas, ora como responsabilização, sendo este último sentido encontrado mais recorrentemente. A expressão analisada assume uma representação social negativa ao ser associada à responsabilização dos profissionais da educação pelos resultados das avaliações em larga escala e vinculada à responsabilização, de forma mais direta e explícita, aos programas de incentivos salariais.
El Estado de Bienestar social en la edad de la razón. La reinvención del Estado Social en el mundo contemporáneo. Celia Lessa Kerstenetzky
Authors: Pérez Padilla Valentina
Published: May 2021

La crisis del Estado de Bienestar se instaló comouno de los temas centrales de gran parte de la literaturaacadémica y del discurso político en lasdécadas de 1970 y 1980. Los cambios experimentadosen el capitalismo como efecto de los shockspetroleros, la relocalización del capital en áreas delmundo que permitieran alcanzar mayores tasas deganancia a cambio de menores costos de producción,la crisis fiscal de los estados metropolitanos,el efecto de desprotección social derivado de estosy otros factores en grupos de población hasta entoncescubiertos por variadas políticas y programassociales, fueron interpretados como otras tantasevidencias de que el Estado de Bienestar gestadoa partir de la crisis de los años treinta del siglo pasadoy que alcanzó su época dorada en la segundaposguerra de ese siglo, había llegado a la bancarrota–fiscal, económica, política e ideológica-.
Recursos y saberes en la construcción de poder en el nivel subnacional: la experiencia del equipo del Ministerio de Economía de la provincia de Buenos Aires (1987 - 2007)
Authors: Pereyra Elsa
Published: May 2021

El artículo analiza la experiencia del equipo quecondujo el Ministerio de Economía de la provinciade Buenos Aires entre 1987 y 2007 desde el puntode vista de su producción y la construcción de capacidadesanalítica, política y técnica. Para ello, sedesarrolla el proceso que condujo a la creación, enel marco de la crisis de 2001, de la cuasi-monedaconocida como “Patacón”, como ejemplo del tipode producciones que caracterizaron la actuaciónde ese colectivo de funcionarios. El análisis de losmodos en que se combinaron política y técnica enlas intervenciones del equipo económico provincial,permite componer perfiles de actores estatalesmás complejos que los estilizados en la literaturapredominante en el campo de las políticas públicas.
Las mujeres y los regímenes de bienestar. Una mirada feminista para el debate de la organización social del cuidado en Argentina
Authors: Cánovas Herrera Gisela
Published: May 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo se enmarca en losanálisis de la organización social del cuidado enArgentina. En primer lugar, se recorren los debatesen torno a los estudios de bienestar y el aportedel feminismo. En segundo lugar, se abordan lasdiscusiones actuales sobre el cuidado , para luego utilizarlocomo una herramienta analítica de las políticassociales. Específicamente, se abordará el casode la Asignación Universal por Hijo (AUH), paraindagar los supuestos relacionados con el cuidadoy el rol de las mujeres que subyacen a esta políticapública. Finalmente, se exploran los posibles efectosque tienen estos supuestos en la participaciónlaboral de las mujeres en Argentina.
Diez años del sistema de promoción y protección de los derechos de la niñez y la adolescencia: un balance desde el Conurbano Bonaerense
Authors: Moro Javier
Published: May 2021

Este artículo analiza el desempeño de las nuevas áreas municipales de niñez y adolescencia en el conurbano bonaerense. Se apoya en hallazgos de una investigación cualitativa enfocada en dos municipios (La Matanza y Quilmes) para ponderar críticamente algunos aspectos del diseño, de su implementación a nivel local y de la normativa respectiva,incluyendo algunas observaciones sobre el nivel provincial en su rol de coordinación. Se argumenta que el énfasis en el eje de atención en el ámbito doméstico-familiar en desmedro de la expansión de una oferta programática de promoción y acceso a derechos plantea un alcance limitado y restrictivo de la transformación declamada en la normativa. Se concluye asimismo que las intervenciones de restitución de derechos también encuentran límites en su capacidad de funcionar bajo una lógica de corresponsabilidad. A partir de estos hallazgos, el artículo postula la adopción de una “nueva arquitectura” institucional que contemple los alcances de la política de niñez y adolescencia en el nivel local, la definición del problema con la que trabajan estas áreas y una mirada territorial de las políticas sociales.
Trabajo, políticas sociales y sujetos “merecedores” de la asistencia: acuerdos y debates en el nuevo contexto neoliberal en Argentina
Authors: Hopp Malena Victoria , Lijterman Eliana
Published: May 2021

El objetivo del artículo es analizar la construcción social del merecimiento de transferencias monetarias del Estado Nacional argentino. Mediante la realización de grupos focales con distintas categorías de trabajadores/as reconstruimos las miradas, justificaciones y controversias recreadas sobre la asistencia, los sujetos destinatarios y su relación con el trabajo. Los discursos relevados ofrecen perspectivas de las condiciones y atributos morales para “merecer” de forma legítima la ayuda estatal. En ellos los asistidos son definidos como un “otro” moralmente diferente y los “planes sociales” son cuestionados. El análisis realizado muestra que los requisitos y atributos exigidos a los sujetos “dependientes” de asistencia constituyen un objeto de disputa que excede los requisitos formales-institucionales. Estas polémicas remiten a los alcances y contenidos de la integración social y del reconocimiento de los grupos excluidos de los parámetros de valoración social, principalmente, del trabajo asalariado.
Estado, democracia y derechos en Argentina. Controversias en torno a los años kirchneristas. Gabriel Vommaro compilador.
Authors: Martínez Salvador
Published: May 2021

El “kirchnerismo” sigue siendo uno de los asuntosrelevantes en la agenda política argentina y en consecuenciamotivando el debate intelectual. El presentevolumen es buen ejemplo de esto último. Organizadopor Gabriel Vommaro, coordinador de la carrera deEstudios Políticos de la Universidad de GeneralSarmiento, reúne ocho ensayos que de manera directao indirecta aportan a ese debate. Son textos de(en el orden en que figuran ubicados en el volumen)Carlos M. Vilas, Mabel Thwaites Rey y Jorge OrovitzSanmartino, Ricardo Vega y Carlos Sánchez, AnaNatalucci, Melina Vázquez, Martín Cortés y AndrésTzeiman, Cinthia Balé y Eduardo Rinesi.
Editorial del Nª 16 de la Revista Perspectivas de Políticas Públicas
Authors: Vilas Carlos María
Published: May 2021

Editorial
Política tecnológica e industrial en contexto semiperiférico: la producción pública de medicamentos en Argentina (2007-2015)
Authors: Zubeldía Lautaro , Hurtado Diego
Published: May 2021

Nos enfocamos en los procesos de toma de decisiones vinculados al impulso de las políticas de producción pública de medicamentos (PPM) en Argentina, durante el período 2002-2015, como caso paradigmático de país semiperiférico que se propone construir capacidades estatales en un sector estratégico de la economía y del desarrollo social. Con este objetivo analizamos: (i) las iniciativas públicas para definir objetivos y construir capacidades de coordinación y organización del sector; (ii) las presiones políticas y económicas del sector privado y sus consecuencias; y (iii) la yuxtaposición de diferentes sentidos socioeconómicos asignados a las políticas de PPM. Concluimos que, como sector emergente, la PPM alcanzó dimensión de política pública y que, a pesar de obstáculos y contradicciones, al final del período estudiado logró un nivel de organización inédito. También inferimos que la trayectoria del sector de PPM ejemplifica un rasgo definitorio de los países semiperiféricos como aquellos que se proponen alterar los roles asignados por la división internacional del trabajo al presionar sobre la “zona de contacto” de algunos sectores de retornos crecientes reservados a las grandes firmas.
Todo fallo es político. Fragmentos de ecología política en la Suprema Corte de Justicia de Mendoza
Authors: Salomone Mariano Javier
Published: May 2021

En 2015 la Suprema Corte de Justicia de Mendoza ratificó la constitucionalidad de la Ley 7722, que prohíbe el uso de sustancias tóxicas en la explotación de minería metalífera. En esta provincia el conflicto social alrededor de proyectos de minería en gran escala adquiere desde 2003 una especial relevancia histórica. El artículo propone un análisis de la hegemonía discursiva que construye el Estado a través de uno de sus brazos, el poder judicial. Para ello realiza una lectura crítica del fallo identificando las referencias principales que tejen su argumentación, organizan su sentido y lo vinculan a cierta ecología política, en tanto trama ideológica que sostiene y organiza una determinada racionalidad en la apropiación social de la naturaleza.
Elecciones y partidos en América latina en el cambio de ciclo
Authors: Sánchez Emilio
Published: May 2021

Este libro es una compilación de textos que analizan elecciones presidenciales y legislativas en América Latina a partir de un conjunto similar de conceptos e indicadores que permiten realizar una comparación en comicios celebrados entre 2013 y el primer trimestres de 2017 en 17 países de la región.
La Industria 4.0 en perspectiva latinoamericana: limitaciones, oportunidades y desafíos para su desarrollo
Authors: Feldman Patricio Julián , Girolimo Ulises
Published: May 2021

El artículo analiza las políticas de promoción dela industria 4.0 (I4.0) en América Latina, tomandolos casos de México, Argentina y Brasil, en uncontexto de cambio tecnológico acelerado por lairrupción de las tecnologías 4.0. Además, se abordanlas estrategias de los países líderes para conducirel proceso de digitalización y automatizaciónde los procesos productivos, y la necesidad deafrontar estos desafíos por parte de las economíasperiféricas para no profundizar las brechas existentesrespecto a los países centrales. Una interroganterecorre transversalmente el texto: ¿Cuáles son losobstáculos y desafíos que deben afrontar México,Argentina y Brasil para delinear un modelo latinoamericanode desarrollo de la I4.0?
El siglo del populismo: historia, teoría, crítica
Authors: Díaz Zolorzalo Gabriel
Published: May 2021

Pierre Rosanvallon es historiador, economista y politólogo;profuso autor y uno de los pensadores másinfluyentes de nuestra época. En El siglo del populismose aboca de lleno a explicar este fenómeno en tresetapas. Primero describe el esqueleto y las característicasdefinitorias. En segundo término, repasa ágilmentelos casos plenos y, finalmente, concluye con unjuicio crítico del populismo. En ese sentido, ve conpreocupación el estado actual de las cosas y adelantaalgunas enmiendas para fortalecer la democracia.
Migrantes y Refugiados. Emprendedores de la economía social
Authors: Mattos Ernesto
Published: May 2021

El estudio de las migraciones como parte de la historiasocial del país ofrece diferentes enfoques teóricosy literarios, que fueron constituyendo textosclásicos y que en muchos casos crearon imágenesy hasta estereotipos acerca de las poblaciones quellegaron a Argentina. Desde aquella conocida consigna“poblar el país” expresada en el siglo XIX , quediera origen a precursoras corrientes migratorias,hasta mediados del siglo pasado con las personas quellegaban después de la segunda gran guerra, los “inmigrantes” fueron incorporándose a la realidad nacional.Una porción (destacada en números) de losmigrantes, especialmente los llegados de ultramar,fueron visualizados como modelo de integración.
Effects of particle size of cerium oxide nanoparticles on the combustion behavior and exhaust emissions of a diesel engine powered by biodiesel/diesel blend
Authors: Dinesha P. , Kumar Shiva , Rosen Marc A.
Published: May 2021

Meeting the emission norms specified by governing bodies is one of the major challenges faced by engine manufacturers, especially without sacrificing engine performance and fuel economy. Several methods and techniques are being used globally to reduce engine emissions. Even though emissions can be reduced, doing so usually entails a deterioration in performance. To address this problem, nanoadditives such as cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles are used to reduce engine emissions while improving engine performance. However, some aspects of the application of these nanoadditives are still unknown. In light of that, three sizes of CeO2 nanoparticles (i.e., 10, 30, and 80 nm) and at a constant volume fraction of 80 ppm were added to a 20% blend of waste cooking oil biodiesel and diesel (B20). A single-cylinder diesel engine operating at a 1500 rpm speed and 180 bar fuel injection pressure was used to compare the performance and emission characteristics of the investigated fuel formulations. The results showed that the addition of CeO2 nanoparticles led to performance improvements by reducing brake specific fuel consumption. Moreover, the catalytic action of CeO2 nanoparticles on the hydrocarbons helped achieve effective combustion and reduce the emission of carbon monoxide, unburnt hydrocarbon, oxides of nitrogen, and soot. Interestingly, the size of the nanoadditive played an instrumental role in the improvements achieved, and the use of 30 nm-sized nanoparticles led to the most favorable performance and the lowest engine emissions. More specifically, the fuel formulation harboring 30 nm nanoceria reduced brake specific fuel consumption by 2.5%, NOx emission by 15.7%, and smoke opacity by 34.7%, compared to the additive-free B20. These findings could shed light on the action mechanism of fuel nanoadditives and are expected to pave the way for future research to develop more promising fuel nanoadditives for commercial applications.
A review on the application of nanomaterials in improving microbial fuel cells
Authors: Mashkour Mehrdad , Rahimnejad Mostafa , Raouf Fereshteh , Navidjouy Nahid
Published: May 2021

Materials at the nanoscale show exciting and different properties. In this review, the applications of nanomaterials for modifying the main components of microbial fuel cell (MFC) systems (i.e., electrodes and membranes) and their effect on cell performance are reviewed and critically discussed. Carbon and metal-based nanoparticles and conductive polymers could contribute to the growth of thick anodic and cathodic microbial biofilms, leading to enhanced electron transfer between the electrodes and the biofilm. Extending active surface area, increasing conductivity, and biocompatibility are among the significant attributes of promising nanomaterials used in MFC modifications. The application of nanomaterials in fabricating cathode catalysts (catalyzing oxygen reduction reaction) is also reviewed herein. Among the various nanocatalysts used on the cathode side, metal-based nanocatalysts such as metal oxides and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are regarded as inexpensive and high-performance alternatives to the conventionally used high-cost Pt. In addition, polymeric membranes modified with hydrophilic and antibacterial nanoparticles could lead to higher proton conductivity and mitigated biofouling compared to the conventionally used and expensive Nafion. These improvements could lead to more promising cell performance in power generation, wastewater treatment, and nanobiosensing. Future research efforts should also take into account decreasing the production cost of the nanomaterials and the environmental safety aspects of these compounds.
Compositional content of English musical and rock opera texts: linguistic aspect
Authors: Alpysbayeva Venera , Ospanova Togzhan , Almazbek Beishenaliev , Shekerdzhieva-Novak Tony Dimitrova , Gulnar Begalinova
Published: May 2021

Every day, every active member of society deals with various types of media, interacts with other people, is engaged in cognitive activities while falling under the influence of external factors that influence a person’s consciousness, thinking, and behavior. All these processes take place in a communication situation, in which the individual inevitably becomes a participant when interacting with the outside world. One of the goals of research in the field of communicative linguistics is to identify and formulate criteria for ensuring the success (consistency) of speech interaction. Our research is devoted to the study of the linguistic problem of the text, which is proposed to be considered on the example of a musical and rock opera text as an element of a particular communicative phenomenon - musical and poetic discourse. The relevance of the work is based on the importance of the role of the linguistic component in the process of creating and perceiving the lyrics of a number of modern musical styles, which are currently one of the actively used tools for conveying information to the mass audience and influencing both the communicative activity of an everyday person and his worldview. The scientific novelty of this research lies in the fact that for the first time, it analyzes a previously unexplored linguistic phenomenon - the linguistic, musical, and rock opera texts. The uniqueness of the study lies in the fact that the theoretical and practical aspects of the functioning of texts are analyzed, the previously existing interpretations of this concept are systematically considered and based on our interpretation of this term, for the first time, an analysis is carried out concerning the corresponding type of discourse
Corpus analysis in the study of the discursive characteristics of the media image of immigrants and asylum seekers (A case study of British and American media 2018-2020)
Authors: Matytcina Marina S. , Prokhorova Olga N. , Chekulai Igor V. , Pupynina Elena V.
Published: May 2021

The aim of this paper is to study the discursive characteristics of the media image of immigrants and asylum seekers in British and American media using the corpus analysis method. The study focuses on the published content of the News on the Web corpus dealing with immigrants and asylum seekers from the beginning of 2018 to the end of 2020. Another objective is to identify and quantify, by analytical approach, the L1 collocates and stable collocations of the studied words. The results show the media use different vocabularies in connection with each of the two groups of interest for their discursive construction.
An investigation into gender specifics of communicants’ pitch attunement in natural English conversation
Authors: Demina Malvina A.
Published: May 2021

The present empirical research takes place within the framework of Communication Accommodation Theory, bringing to the fore the prosodic organization of this speech phenomenon. This paper presents some research findings concerning the melodic component of prosodic accommodation in natural conversation. In this study, prosodic accommodation is viewed from the perspectives of interactional linguistics and conversation analysis with special regard to the phonopragmatic approach. The paper provides the author’s observations about melodic manifestations of speakers’ intentions and presuppositions, as well as the prosodic realization of communicative dominance in natural conversation. The focus on gender specifics of speech accommodation is communicatively justified since, according to the findings, women and men have gender-related markers of prosodic alignment and employ different melodic strategies in naturally occurring social interaction. Female conversing demonstrates numerous units of recipiency (neutral or affiliating) prosodically designed so as to fit in continuous talk and not to break its coherence. Male talk, on the contrary, may contain instances of melodic divergence and competition for communicative dominance in conversation.
An exploration of discoursal identity: The rhetoric of narrative writing
Authors: Livytska Inna
Published: May 2021

The paper aims at disclosing the process of writer identity enactive construal in narrative writing. Three constituent parts of identity discoursal construction in the narrative are social semiotics as a reflection of the social environment, cultural identity theory as the embodiment of cultural choices and preferences, and pragmatics (Charles S. Peirce). The following research questions have been formulated: (1) What is the nature of identity construction? (2) What rhetorical factors influence identity construal in narrative discourse? By providing a step-by-step analysis of thematic structure, the paper conducts a discourse analysis of narrative episodes in terms of Agent, Process, and Medium triad (Halliday, 1973), reflecting the mechanisms of reader’s manipulation with information as a dynamic semiotic process of interpretation, limited by a final interpretant.
Structural and semantic characteristics of English complex sentences with object clauses
Authors: Kozuev Durus , Dzharkinbaeva Nazgul
Published: May 2021

In modern linguistics, the functional and communicative side phenomena are growing towards the pragmatic aspect of the language. However, the problem of the relationship between meaning and its expression still remains in the focus of linguists’ attention. The problem of characterizing sentences in linguistics has not yet been analyzed. This research is the first instance of a systematic study of syntactic structures and ways of expressing in the language. In this case, the main emphasis is on communicative, formal, and functional-semantic statements. The article is devoted to the structural-semantic description of complex English sentences with object clauses. It focuses on the fact that these sentences are characterized by a full subjectpredicate structure in its constituent parts: at the main sentence and subordinate clause. Note that complex sentences follow the English two-part sentence’s rigorous principle: both the subject and the predicate. The relevance of the research topic is determined by the fact that the study of structural and semantic features of syntactic units of various levels in linguistics has a unique scientific and theoretical significance. Learning Sentences in Linguistics began quite a long time ago; however, a comparative analysis of a simple one-compound English sentence has not become the object of special research up until now. The proposal is understood as a central object, and a comprehensive revealing of its essence is one of the difficult problems that need to be solved.
Language – identity – culture – minority (Sociolinguistic analysis of situational use of a minority language on the example of Slovak university youth in Hungaria)
Authors: Lenovsky Ladislav , Tuskova Tunde
Published: May 2021

Language plays an important role between identity, culture and minority relations. The knowledge and use of the minority language by the elite is an authoritative attribute of language position in the whole minority. The education of elites in the Slovak minority in Hungary is determined by minority education (teaching the Slovak language, history and culture). The top of this kind of education is the university study of Slovak studies at several universities in Hungary. Graduates gain the legitimacy to become the intellectual elite of the Slovak minority in Hungary. Sociolinguistic situation analysis shows their relationship to Slovak language and real aspects of its use.
Developing Systemic Thinking through Gamification with Invention System Kits
Authors: Castiblanco Jiméneza Ivonne Angélica , Cruz González Joan Paola , Ruiz Cruz Carlos Rodrigo
Published: May 2021

Developing countries like Colombia have understood that education is an effective strategy in closing social inequality gaps to improve population’s skills. In the last decade, coverage in higher education went from 30 to 50 percent. One of the most important factors in this achievement is Colombia’s transition to peace, increasing the development of the population towards higher levels of competitiveness and education. In consequence, it is necessary to reinforce the development of competences, to encourage systemic thinking that allows the solution of problems from a holistic view and achieves effective solutions in the improvement of the local industry. During this study, an applied ludic strategy involving an airplane assembly line made with Lego blocks is created, looking for an effective and practical education framework in teaching the attributes that generate impact in a production line of goods; in this way, students can be involved in a clear and creative manner in their search for solutions. This project was developed by member professors and students from an engineering education institution in Bogotá, Colombia. The results show that through gamification, students develop skills to take decisions leading to increase the production’s competitiveness from a systemic thinking view.
Formación en e-learning para el magisterio
Authors: Pérez Pinzón Luis Rubén
Published: May 2021

El e-learning es la modalidad formativa recomendada para afrontar la coyuntura consecuente a la pandemia del COVID-19. Este artículo tiene como objetivo describir cuáles han sido las perspectivas del aprendizaje en línea derivadas del convenio UNAB-UOC y sus efectos para el fomento de la innovación docente mediada por tecnologías digitales. La metodología cualitativa de contraste textual de doscientos trabajos de investigación permitió realizar un estudio descriptivo que identifica las causas de la institucionalización del e-learning en la educación; describe los constructos y tipologías teóricas del conectivismo; y analiza resultados y experiencias de docentes para el aprendizaje en línea desde contextos interinstitucionales. Por último, se ofrece una discusión sobre la importancia y los retos de la innovación tecno-educativa para apoyar la docencia.
Potenciar la escritura antes y durante la COVID-19
Authors: Monsalve Flórez Jhon Alexánder
Published: May 2021

Este artículo tiene como objetivo contrastar dos secuencias didácticas de escritura desarrolladas en una institución pública en el municipio de Girón, Santander. Una de las secuencias se lleva a cabo dentro del aula de clase durante un periodo académico del año 2018; la otra tiene lugar en los primeros meses del confinamiento obligatorio debido a la COVID-19. En los dos casos, a partir de la observación directa, del uso de diarios de campo y de una encuesta complementaria, se analizan las actividades de planificación, escritura y evaluación transversal del ejercicio escritural, con el fin de determinar las dificultades didácticas del proceso que se orienta durante la pandemia. La investigación concluye que mientras dure el confinamiento, los recursos, las creencias y las emociones de los estudiantes se deben considerar dentro de las secuencias didácticas; así mismo, que lo que debe interesar al investigador de la educación es la apropiación del proceso por parte de los educandos y no solo la consecución del producto.
Morphological features of endometrial pinopodia formation during the luteal phase in women with previous unsuccessful implantation
Authors: Antypkin Y.G. , Lytvak O.O. , Kuryk O.G. , Pasichnyk G.P. , Bondarenko Y.M.
Published: May 2021

Pinopodia of the receptive endometrium is one of the prerequisites for successful embryo implantation.Study objective: to analyze the morphological changes of the endometrium in infertile women, in particular to investigate the apical surface of epithelial cells and pinopodia formation. Materials and methods. 12 patients with a history of previous implantation failure were examined. Patients underwent hysteroscopy with biopsy under intravenous anesthesia on 20–24th day of the menstrual cycle. Morphological structure of pinopodia on the surface of the endometrial epithelium was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy.Results. Apical surface of epitheliocytes was damaged in 16.7% studied biopsies. Morphological picture and maturity of the endometrial glands did not correspond to the actual day of the menstrual cycle in 41.7% biopsies. Degree of glands maturity in these patients was low, so there was a delay in the menstrual cycle. Ultrastructural examination showed clear changes in the structure of secretory and ciliary cells in 33.3%. On the apical surface of the secretory cells there was no or small number of microvilli; cilia of eyelashes were shortened or sometimes fused together. Pinopodia as a one of the most important components of implantation was detected in only 50% of patients. Only in 33.3% of participants visualized fully developed, mature pinopodia. Conclusions. Analysis of own data showed that in the endometrium of women with previous unsuccessful implantation there are certain morphological changes, which are physiologically manifested by a delay in the luteinizing phase of the menstrual cycle and, possibly, as a result mismatch of endometrial structure and embryo maturity. Time of pinopodia onset in participants varied from 20 to 24 days of the menstrual cycle. It is necessary to improve the design and conduct further research to study the association between the expression of receptivity markers and ultrastructural structure.
Optimization of diagnostic studies in patients with adenomiosis and/or hyperplastic processes of endometrium
Authors: Mielikhova T.V. , Gryshchenko O.V. , Lazurenko V.V. , Safonov R.A. , Alekseeva O.S.
Published: May 2021

Study objective: to optimize diagnostic measures in patients with adenomyosis and/or hyperplastic endometrial processes (HEP).Material and methods. The study included 128 patients aged from 27 to 53 years. The first group included 38 (29.6%) patients with a grade I–II adenomyosis, the second group included 41 (32.1%) patients with a combination of grade I–II adenomyosis and HEP and/or uterine leiomyoma, the third group included 39 (30.5%) women with only HEP, the fourth (control) group included 10 (7,8%) women without endometrial pathology. Patients underwent hysteroscopy with targeted biopsy, elucidated the pathomorphological features of connective tissue component of the endometrium and uterus transitional zone, studied specific markers of adenomyosis progression, namely vascular endothelial growth factor and Ki-67 proliferation index, and also determined the parameters of shear wave ultrasound elastography.Results. Routine histological examination of adenomyosis was confirmed only in 11 (30.6%) cases out of 36 suspected, while HEP (polyps, glandular hyperplasia) and hyperplastic pathology of endocervix (polyps) – in 34 (97.1%) cases out of 35 suspected. Ki-67 antigen expression was positive in the nuclei of epithelial cells in the adenomyosis glands and in the cytogenic stroma cells. A greater value of expression was in the epithelium of glands in superficially located heterotopies – with grade I–II adenomyosis compared with other studied groups. Shear wave elastography showed significant differences in the myometrium color between the first, third and control groups. The unchanged myometrium in all patients of the control group was characterized by staining in shades of blue, while in 9 (90%) patients the color was uniform.Conclusion. It is recommended to use a shear wave ultrasound elastography in laboratory and instrumental examination with determination of Ki-67 proliferation protein expression and intensification of the neovascularization process in endometrial biopsy specimens to improve the diagnosis of adenomyosis.
Modern views on endometriosis surgery. Literature review
Authors: Chernyak M.M. , Korchynska О.О.
Published: May 2021

Endometriosis is a disease associated with the presence of tissue morphologically similar to the endometrium outside the uterine cavity and it is an important medical and social problem. Statistical analysis of the endometriosis prevalence is complicated by polymorphism of manifestations a gradual increase of symptoms and a long period of time from the first symptoms to diagnosis. Manifestations of endometriosis are chronic pain, algodismenorea, dyspareunia, decreased fertility. All these manifestations worsen the quality of life and do not allow a woman to realize her reproductive potential. The most common forms of endometriosis are superficial peritoneal endometriosis, endometrioid ovarian cysts and deep infiltrative endometriosis. Treatment tactics depends on the form and stage of disease, woman's age, presence or absence of reproductive plans, previous treatment. It is possible to use both medical and surgical methods of treatment. Surgical methods can be organ-preserving and radical. The optimal surgical approach should weigh the risks of the surgery itself and the likelihood of recurrence in the radicalism absence. Modern techniques of surgical intervention are considered as one of the main methods of endometriosis treatment. Severe forms of endometriosis are a serious challenge for the surgical team, as chronic inflammation and adhesions alter the normal pelvis anatomy. Such operations often require the involvement of surgeons, urologists and other specialists, and the decision about final operation scope is made during the operation. Endometriosis surgery aims at the maximum possible in each case, the removal of pathological foci, which leads to relief of pain and increase the likelihood of reproductive plans. This article describes the rational scope of surgical interventions and optimal strategies for the management of patients with various forms of endometriosis. The data of international researches of efficiency of various methods of surgical interventions, influence of degree of radicalism on a disease course, probability of recurrence and quality of patient’s life are resulted.