bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimasi Underground Economy Tingkat Provinsi di Indonesia
Authors:   Magister Perencanaan Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pembangunan, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Indonesia, Mandala Gusrah Kharisma Partha , Khoirunurrofik Khoirunurrofik
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini mencoba mengukur besarnya underground economy tingkat provinsi di Indonesia dengan menggunakan pendekatan moneter. Pengukuran dilakukan pada periode penelitian 2007 - 2017, menggunakan regresi Ordinary Least Square, untuk memperkirakan permintaan uang kartal akibat aktivitas underground economy di tingkat daerah yang dipengaruhi oleh beban pajak daerah. Estimasi dalam penelitian ini menghasilkan jumlah underground economy berkisar antara 3,8% - 11,6% dari PDRB dengan rata-rata 8% per provinsi per tahun.
Dampak Regulasi Obat-obat Tertentu terhadap Respon Industri Farmasi di Indonesia
Authors:   Magister Perencanaan Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pembangunan, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Indonesia, Ernawati Diana , Munira Syarifah Liza ,   Magister Perencanaan Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pembangunan, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Indonesia
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini menganalisis dampak regulasi Obat-obat Tertentu (OOT) yang diterapkan kepada perusahaan farmasi produsen OOT pada tahun 2018 terhadap jumlah produksi OOT. Menggunakan metode pendekatan difference-in-differences (DID), penelitian ini melihat pengaruh pada 5 (lima) kelompok OOT. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terjadi penurunan jumlah produksi OOT yang juga dipengaruhi oleh adanya regulasi, kenaikan harga bahan baku obat (bahan aktif obat) dan penetapan harga obat jadi. Variabel yang mempunyai pengaruh terhadap penurunan produksi yaitu golongan obat generik untuk sediaan obat bentuk tablet, pada perusahaan yang multiproduk dengan status perusahaan milik negara (BUMN). Perbandingan tingkat produksi dengan kebutuhan obat pada tahun sebelum berlakunya regulasi menunjukkan jumlah produksi masih di atas kebutuhan dan setelah berlaku regulasi jumlah produksi di bawah dari jumlah kebutuhan. Hal ini akan berdampak pada ketersediaan dan harga OOT di sarana pelayanan kesehatan. Hasil ini menggarisbawahi bahwa regulasi di bidang farmasi akan memberikan dampak salah satunya pada pada keputusan produsen dalam menetapkan jumlah produksi obat.
The Sense of The Words in The Political and Legal Articles in December 2018 Edition of Kompas Newspaper: The Semantics Study
Authors: Haerudin
Published: June 2023

The porpuse of this research is, (1) to analyze and describe the meaning of the words contained in the political and legal article in the December 2018 of Kompas daily. The method of research used is a method of content analysis with a qualitative approach. Research data on the sense of words found in political and legal articles in a Kompas newspaper. Based on research results, it can be concluded that the study of the work contained 54 dates of grammatical significance of 15 forms, a nonreferential meaning of 12 forms, a denonative meaning of 1 form, a conotative meaning of 6 forms, a contextual meaning of 9 forms, an idiomatic meaning of 10 forms, and a cystic meaning of 2 forms. Thus, from the results of the analysis shows the meaning of the words contained in the 2018 edition of the political and judicial article the Kompas daily is a grammatical meaning, a nonreferential meaning, a denotatof meaning, a conmutative meaning, meaning of the term, idiomatic meaning, and meaning of chias.

 

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan bertujuan untuk (1) menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan makna kata yang terdapat pada rubrik artikel politik dan hukum dalam surat kabar harian Kompas edisi Desember 2018. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode analisis isi dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data penelitian berupa makna kata yang terdapat pada rubrik artikel politik dan hukum dalam surat kabar harian kompas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penelitian yang dilakukan terdapat 54 data yang mengandung makna kata diantaranya ditemukan makna gramatikal 15 bentuk, makna nonreferensial 12 bentuk, makna denonatif 1 bentuk, makna konotatif 6 bentuk, makna istilah 9 bentuk, makna idiomatik 10 bentuk, dan makna kias 2 bentuk. Dengan demikian, dari hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa makna kata yang terdapat dalam artikel politik dan hukum koran Kompas edisi 2018 adalah makna gramatikal, makna nonrefernsial, makna denotatof, makna konotatif, makna istilah, makna idiomatik, dan makna kias.

Kata kunci: makna kata, artikel, semantik
Application of Character Education Values in Early Childhood Through Online Fables
Authors: Afandi Iswandi , Juanda Juanda
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study is to describe the types of characters contained in online fables with children's literary approaches and character education. Research methods, namely descriptive qualitative with content analysis techniques. Data analysis was performed using content analysis and descriptive techniques. Data collection is based on literature. The data source, which is 5 fables with the character education theme, is downloaded online via the web https://dongengceritarakyat.com/. The types of characters found are described in detail according to the quotations found in the fable. Data analysis was carried out through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, concluding, and verification of research results. The results of the study found seven-character values ​​as follows: (1) fable Crocodile and Singer Bird found polite and friendly characters; (2) Arrogant fable leaves are found to be humble and environmentally conscious characters; (3) the Young Mouse fable is found to be a character of curiosity; (4) fable Herders and Wild Goats found fair characters; and (5) the fable of contention of bees and wasps found wise character.

 

Abstrak

 

Iswan Afandi & Juanda; Application of Character Education ...

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan jenis karakter yang terdapat dalam fabelonline dengan pendekatan sastra anak dan pendidikan karakter. Metode penelitian, yaitu kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik analisis isi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan teknik analisis isi dan teknik deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan berdasarkan kepustakaan. Sumber data, yaitu5fabelbertema pendidikan karakterdi unduh secara online melalui web https://dongengceritarakyat.com/. Jenis karakter yang ditemukan dideskripsikan secara terperinci sesuai dengan kutipan yang ditemukan dalam fabel. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tahapanreduksi data, penyajian data, pengambilan simpulan, dan verifikasi hasil penelitian. Hasil penelitian ditemukan tujuh nilai karakter sebagai berikut: (1) fabelBuaya dan Burung Penyanyiditemukan karakter sopan dan bersahabat; (2) fabelDaun yang Sombongditemukan karakter rendah hati dan peduli lingkungan; (3) fabel Tikus Muda ditemukan karakter rasa ingin tahu; (4) fabel Penggembala dan Kambing Liar ditemukan karakter adil; dan (5) fabelPertengkaran Lebah dan Tawon ditemukan karakter bijaksana.

                                                                                   

Kata kunci: sastra anak, fabel, nilai karakter
Comparative Study of Nasionalism Main Characters in The Novel Negeri van Oranje and Diary Buruh Migran
Authors: Galuh Farah Rahma Yunita  , Purwati Anggraini
Published: June 2023

Negeri van Oranje by Wahyuningtyas and Diary Buruh Migran by Arsya Kirana is a literature work that shows the main character’s struggle in a foreign country. Based on both novel, this research is aim for (1) describing the nationalism of the main character on novel titled Negeri Van Oranje by Wahyuningtyas and novel titled  Diary Buruh Migran by Arsya Kirana, and also (2) describing the impact of the character of nationalism on other figures inside novel titled Negeri Van Oranje by Wahyuningtyas and novel titled Diary Buruh Migran by Arsya Kirana. This research using descriptive approach with qualitative type. Analysis result shows there is an existence five sub values of national characterism, pervade social care, hard work, high curiosity, care for living, and loves the motherland. One of them is care for living not founded on novel titled Diary Buruh Migran by Arsya Kirana, that’s create a primacy for novel titled Negeri van Oranje by Wahyuningtyas. Overall, character of nationalism has an impact on other characters in the story, which involve cognitive components, affective components, and conative components.
Investigating Slang Word and Sociolinguistic Aspect of Anjay
Authors: Adam Samsudin Noor  , Didin Nuruddin Hidayat  , Alek Alek
Published: June 2023

Slang uses referred to modernity, language assimilation, and language variety in social discourses; that underlined the background to the reason of young generation to assimilate and modification, as a tool for communicating also socialization. Importantly, slang even the outer level of young ages, will interpret as negative meanings, but they going to acquire in variety moment. In further slang became the symbol of freedom of speech, a group of human class entity, and modern life. All perspective above, that grounded and interrelated to slang uses, was implicating to the use of Anjay word [as the representative or reflection of the various slang in Indonesia]. A word such Anjay, transported from negative meanings which rooting of [dog-word; in Bahasa Indonesia as Anjing] became one of popular slang that expressed of enthusiasm, adore, joke, love, and friendship to one object. The method which is used in this research is descriptive qualitative research; there was literature study that compiled of journal-thesis-and bachelor paper. Result showed that slang in general studies, were of several types. And the result is perspective of anjay for senior high school student. Anjay word can be used 83% and cannot be used 17%. They do not mind the use of Anjay for their communication with the purpose of joke or responding something funny.
Illocutionary Speech Acts Analysis in Nadhira Afifa's Speech as A Student Speaker at Harvard Graduation 2020
Authors: Amalia Firda , Hidayat Didin Nuruddin , Alek Alek
Published: June 2023

The present study aims to find out the types of illocutionary act in Nadhira Afifa’s speech as a student’s speaker as Master of Public Health in Harvard Graduation 2020. The types of illocutionary which was promoted by Yule (1996) focused in this study. The study used qualitative descriptive by analyzing Nadhira’s speech as the main data.  Furthermore, the sources of the data in this study was collected by downloading the video of speech from YouTube. Then, the data are analyzed and transcribed into the written form. Furthermore, the data were grouped into five types of illocutionary speech acts. The finding revealed that there are four typed of illocutionary speech acts which are used in Nadhira's speech. They were representative, expressive, directive and commissive. In this term, one of illocutionary acts type which is declarative did not find in the speech.  Apparently, the preferable type of illocutionary speech act was representative. In this term, Nadhira delivered the information related to the importance of being part of public health during this day that she concerned about. Meanwhile, the percentage revealed the most and the least used of types of illocutionary speech acts by Nadhira's speech. They were representative (56.4%), expressive (30.7%), directive (5.1%), commissive (7.7%) and declarative (0%). It means that representative and expressive are being preferable. It is occurred because the context and the speaker who has the speech is a student’s speaker in graduation day.
 
Keywords: illocutionary acts, speech act, speech, analysis
 
 
Abstrak
 
Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis ilokusi dalam Pidato Nadhira Afifa sebagai pembicara mahasiswa Magister Kesehatan Masyarakat di Harvard Graduation 2020. Jenis Jenis ilokusi yang dipromosikan oleh Yule (1996) difokuskan dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan pidato Nadhira sebagai data utama. Selanjutnya sumber data dalam penelitian ini diunduh dari YouTube. Data tersebut dianalisa, ditranskripsikan ke dalam bentuk tertulis dan dikelompokkan menjadi lima jenis tidan tutur ilokusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada empat jenis tindak ilokusi yang digunakan dalam pidato Nadhira yaitu representatif, ekspresif, direktif dan komisif. Dalam hal ini, deklaratif tidak ditemukan dalam pidato tersebut. Representatif menjadi tindak tutur yang lebih disukai dalam pidato ini. Nadhira menyampaikan informasi terkait pentingnya menjadi bagian dari kesehatan masyarakat. Sementara itu, persentasi dalam tindak ilokusi ditunjukkan dengan representatif (56,4%), ekspresif (30,7%), direktif (5,1 %), komisif (7,7%) dan deklaratif (0%). Ini artinya representatif dan espresif lebih disukai. Hal ini terjadi karena konteks dan penuturnya adalah sebagai pembicara mahasiswa pada hari wisuda.
 
Kata kunci: tindak ilokusi, tindak tutur, analisis
Application of The 2T 2T Method Based on Hots Literature in Learning to Write Imagination Story Text for Class VII SMPN 43 Jakarta
Authors: Edi Puryanto  , Asep Supriyana  , Alya Vinnisya  , Muhammad Iqbal Oshmany  , Audrey Sagita Purnomo  , Suci Lestari  , Danar Dwi Priatna  , Taufik  , Susi Dewi Susanti
Published: June 2023

This study aims to describe the process and learning outcomes of the application of the two-stay- two-guest method based on HOTS literacy in the learning of imaginative story writing skills for seventh grade students of SMPN 43 Jakarta. This research was conducted in class VII SMPN 43 Jakarta with a sample of 61 people. The research method used is descriptive analysis adapted to the problem to be revealed. Based on the results of data analysis regarding the application of the 2T 2T method based on HOTS literacy in learning the ability to write imaginative story texts   for class VII SMPN 43 Jakarta, it was declared successful. This can be seen from the comparison of student learning outcomes before and after being treated. The average value of the ability to write imagination text at the pretest was 55.94 and 79.76 at the posttest. From these data, it can be seen that the ability to write imaginary texts on the pretest is still lacking because it does not reach the KKM, while the ability to write imaginary texts on the posttest is categorized as good because it has reached the KKM. The success of learning the ability to write imaginative texts is strongly influenced by the 2T 2T method based on HOTS literacy.
Analysis of Expressive Speech Acts on the 2017 IPSE YouTube Channel about Panel Discussion of Language Education Course Papers Indonesia IPSE students 2017
Authors: Sri Nani Herawati  , Fahda Kurnia Palupy  , Eka Budiarti  , Faiza Munira  , Asep Purwo Yudi Utomo
Published: June 2023

Speech acts are illocutionary acts that function to express an assessment of the circumstances specified in the illocutionary, for example saying thank you, expressing condolences, and so on. The research objectives to be achieved in this study are: (1) to reveal the types of expressive speech acts contained in the YouTube channel IPSE (International Program on Science Education) 2017 regarding Panel Discussion of Language Education Course Papers, (2) to Identify forms of speech acts in learn Language Education Course Paper Panel. This research is a descriptive study that in the end tries to describe the speech spoken by the object, which is in accordance with the actual picture. In this study, the method used is the referential method. The listening method was used in this study because the data or object used is in the form of spoken language. there are 59 expressive speeches in 7 videos on the YouTube channel IPSE (International Program on Science Education) 2017 regarding the Panel Discussion of Language Education Course Papers. Among them are asking for 7 as many utterances, apologizing as much as 38 38, and criticizing as many as 14 utterances. This research is expected to provide benefits to readers or the public in the form of increasing understanding of expressive speech acts.
Lifestyles of students, including with disturbances in physical development during the COVID‑19 pandemic
Authors:   N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, Gureev S. A. , Mingazova E. N. ,   N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, Mingazov R.N. ,   Research Institute for Healthcare and Medical Management of Moscow Healthcare Department
Published: June 2023

The article deals with issues that characterize the lifestyle of students in the context of the COVID‑19 pandemic. A number of researchers found that during this period, cases of physical and mental health disorders, non-compliance with the norms of good nutrition, a significant decrease in physical activity, changes in the physical parameters of the body, weight gain, etc. became more frequent among students. Materials and methods. An international methodology was applied to assess the structure of the students’ lifestyle – the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile Questionnaire (HLPP-II). The methodology takes into account the characteristic features of 6 integral components (responsibility for health, physical activity, nutrition, spiritual growth, interpersonal relationships and stress management). For the purpose of comparative analysis, 505 students surveyed were divided into 3 groups depending on the body mass index: those with underweight, with normal body weight, and those with excess body weight. Findings. The results obtained made it possible to establish that among those with a deficiency or excess of body weight compared with those with normal body weight, there were significantly more students with a low level of severity of all 6 considered components of the overall level of health.
Intraoperative Fractures Sustained During Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Siddiqi Ahmed , Ahmed Afaaq , Pasqualini Ignacio , Molloy Robert M. , Krebs Viktor E. , Piuzzi Nicolas S.
Published: June 2023

» While the occurrence of postoperative periprosthetic fractures around total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) are well reported, little is known about intraoperative fractures that occur during TKA. Intraoperative fractures during TKA can occur in femur, tibia, or patella. It is a rare complication with an incidence of 0.2% to 4.4%.

» Risk factors of periprosthetic fractures include osteoporosis, anterior cortical notching, chronic corticosteroid use, advanced age, female sex, neurologic disorders, and surgical technique.

» Fractures can potentially occur at any stage of the TKA including exposure, bone preparation, placement of trial components, cementation, insertion of the final components, and seating of the polyethylene insert. Forced flexion during trialing increases the risk for patella fracture, tibial plateau, or tubercle fractures especially when there is under resection of the bone.

» Management guidelines for these fractures are lacking with current options being observation, internal fixation, the use of stems and augments, increasing constraint of the prosthesis, implant revision, and modifying the postoperative rehabilitation.

» Finally, the outcomes of intraoperative fractures are not well reported in the literature.
Presurgical Nasoalveolar Molding Modified Technique in Complete Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Infant: A Case Report
Authors: Reshitaj Albena , Aliu Nora , Maliqaj Arben , Reshitaj Krenar
Published: June 2023

Through this research, we have presented a modified presurgical nasoalveolar molding (PNAM) device, protocol, and equipment of preoperative nasal alveolar formation techniques to improve lip, nose, alveolar, and palatal deformity in the Department of Orthodontics and Maxillo-Facial Department at the University of Prishtina. A two-week-old boy was brought to our Department of Orthodontics. The baby was diagnosed with non-syndrome bilateral complete cleft of the primary and secondary palate. After a complete examination and orthodontic therapeutic planning, precaution was taken for creating a PNAM appliance and sent to the laboratory. An intraoral molding plate was established on both sides of the separate segments of the maxilla and fixed with a mini screw to approximate the maxillary segments. Parts of the strings built in the front side activated (please check) and, together with the nasal stent, were added to correct the nose deformity. By using modified NAM to close the cleft segments, both the ones of the upper lip and the ones of the palate, we achieved the same results and reduced possible tissue damage by maintaining the conventional NAM apparatus. We used an alveolar formation plate with traction stainless steel to reduce the separate parts. Under this presurgical treatment, the cleft alveolus and palatal segments were reduced considerably. Also, the parts of the flatting nasals of the nose were set up. Through interdisciplinary work, we created a new modified NAM appliance to avoid the obstacles of the traditional NAM devices and to improve the presurgical treatment by using the benefits of the postnatal period of the child to have a more effective treatment. Despite the inability of previous studies to decide on the degree of efficacy of PNAM and the fact that scientific data is limited, we consider that our research can contribute to a better understanding of why it is essential to use PNAM and of the need to enhance the apparatus.
Presentation of Myopericytoma in the Lower Leg: A Case Report with a Brief Review of the Literature
Authors: Jashari Redon , Shabani Afrim , Musliu Dijon , Bislimi Donjet , Kafexholli Ardita
Published: June 2023

Myopericitoma is a rare benign tumor of soft tissue that emerges from perivascular smooth tissue. Myopericitoma primarily derives from soft tissue and skin of the inferior extremities and is rarely found in internal organs. Considering the rare encounter with this neoplasia, it is often misdiagnosed as lipoma or atheroma. Our patient presents with a lump in the lateral region of the Achilles tendon on the right side. On inspection, a small, painful lump of approximately 5 mm×5 mm is noticed without cutaneous changes. In histopathologic examination, branched blood vessels are detected with a characteristic “hemangiopericytoma look-alike” appearance surrounded by prolonged myoid cells.
Tissue Expansion in Reconstructive Surgery: A 10-Year Experience in Kosovo
Authors: Zatriqi Violeta , Zatriqi Skender
Published: June 2023

Background: Tissue expansion (TE) is one of the major developments in reconstructive surgery. The objective of this research was a retrospective analysis of our 10-year experience in correcting burn sequelae, traumas, and scars by the method of TE. Methods and Results: A retrospective study was conducted at the Clinic of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery at the University Clinical Center of Kosovo (UCCK, Prishtina) from January 2009 to December 2019. The sample included 67 patients (43[64.2%] females and 24[35.8%] males) treated with tissue expanders for reconstructive purposes. The most common indication for TE was burn sequelae, trauma, and scars from previous surgery. One hundred and thirty-five expanders were placed on 67 patients, and 128 operative interventions were performed. Burn sequelae (55.2%) were the main reason for TE. The age of patients was in the range of 0-50 years (mean age of 20.5 years). The predominant age groups were 11-20 years (49.2%) and 21-30 (40.3%). The most common anatomical region for TE was the head, including the face and neck (47.8%), followed by the trunk (22.4%), the lower extremities (16.4%), and the upper extremities (13.4%). Most patients underwent only one (61.2%) or two surgical interventions (31.3%); three surgical interventions were performed in 7.5% of cases. One expander was placed in the vast majority of our patients (83.6%), two expanders in 13.4% of cases, and three expanders in 3.0% Patients with expanders on the head and neck experienced more major complications (12.5%), which ended with the removal of the expander, than those with expanders on the trunk (6.7%) and lower extremities (9.1%). Minor complications most often (18.2%) occurred on the lower extremities. These complications were evidenced by pain and transient ischemia, which did not preclude the attainment of reconstructive goals. Patients of 0 to 10 years of age had only minor complications. Occurrences of major complications were the most frequent in the age groups of 11-20(9.1%), 21-30(11.1%), and 31-40(33.3%) years. Conclusion: The results of our retrospective study on the efficacy of cutaneous expansion procedures are broadly in line with other research reported in the literature. Attention to different aspects of TE, including careful patient selection and meticulous attention to intervention detail, are the main conditions for the success of this reconstructive surgery.
The Occlusal Characteristics of Kosovar Adolescents
Authors: Zylfiu-Latifi Blertë , Kamberi Blerim , Meštrović Senka
Published: June 2023

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the occlusal characteristics of the maxillary and mandibular dental arches in Kosovar adolescents in relation to gender. Methods and Results: In a cross-sectional study, dental casts of 400 Kosovar schoolchildren (184 males and 216 females, mean age of 15.17 years) were evaluated. Little’s index of incisor irregularity (LII), overjet, and overbite were measured with a digital caliper, and then analyzed and compared by gender. In both the maxilla and mandible, LII for males and females was significantly different, with male values being higher than female values. In contrast, no significant differences were observed in overbite and overjet. Conclusion: In Kosovar adolescents, our findings show significant gender differences in Little's irregularity index. The overjet and overbite were higher in males than in females, but there were no statistical differences between genders in Kosovar adolescents for these parameters.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Stroke and Its Risk Factors and Warning Signals Among the Students of the College of Applied Medicine at Majmaah University, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Rizvi Moattar Raza , Ali Nagi Ibrahim , Ahmed Alaa Ibrahim , Adam Rahma Abdalla , Elgak Sami N A
Published: June 2023

Background: Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) connected to stroke risk factors, treatment, and the outcome may aid in early case diagnosis, prevention, and minimization of stroke-associated consequences through prompt hospitalization. The goal of our study was to identify the KAP of strokes and explore the relationship between KAP and stroke among Majmaah University students. Methods and Results: Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of strokes, their risk factors, and warning signs were assessed among Majmaah University students using a convenience sampling method. The study was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire that had been pre-validated. A total of 284 students were included in the study. A majority, 230(81%), identified stroke as a disease indicating a medical emergency. The knowledge score was poor in 54.2%, satisfactory in 40.5%, and good in only 5.3% of cases. Forty-four percent of participants had positive attitudes, and 56.0% had negative attitudes concerning strokes. Most participants identified high blood pressure and high cholesterol levels (82.7% and 72.5%, respectively) as risk factors for stroke. Diabetes and irregular heartbeat were the risk factors with the lowest probability (34.5% and 33.1%, respectively). Conclusions: This study shows that university students' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding stroke are weak, highlighting the urgent need to develop educational and awareness initiatives for better health promotion among university students. The health belief model's guidelines should be used while creating such programs.
Comparative Effectiveness of Aksaritmin and Propafenone in the Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Kuchkarov Husniddin , Zakirov Nodir , Kurbanov Ravshanbek
Published: June 2023

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Aksaritmin (Aks) in comparison with Propafenone (Pr) for the prevention of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with none or minimal signs of structural heart disease. Methods and Results: The study included 60 patients aged 18-70 years (mean age of 58.1±7.7 years) with paroxysmal (frequency of more than 2 paroxysms/3 months episodes of AF) or persistent AF with no or minimal signs of structural heart disease. The patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 included 30 patients taking Aks, and Group 2 included 30 patients taking Pr. According to the study protocol, the starting dose of Aks was 75 mg/day, with a possible dose increasing to 112.5 mg/day. The starting dose of Pr was 45 0mg/day, with a possible dose increase to 600 mg/day. In Group 1, preventive efficacy of Aks was observed in 29(96.7%), 26(86.7%), and 24(80%) patients by 1-, 3- and 6-month follow-up, respectively. Of these, 26(86.7%), 22(73.9%), and 16(53.3%) patients showed absolute preventive efficacy of the drug. In Group 2, preventive efficacy of Pr was observed in 28(93.3%), 26(86.7%), and 23(76,7%) patients at 1-, 3- and 6-month follow-up, respectively. Of these, 25(83.3%), 21(70%), and 14(46.7%) patients showed absolute AAE of the Pr. The initial recurrence rate of AF was 4.5±1.4 and 4.2±1.3 in Groups 1 and 2, respectively (P=0.3933 between groups); but after 3 and 6 months of therapy, the recurrence rate decreased to 0.7±1.1 (P<0.0001) and 0.8±1.3 (P<0.0001), and 0.8±1.0 (P<0.0001) and 1.1±1.0 (P<0.0001), respectively, which was statistically significant in both groups. Conclusion: The preventive efficacy of Aks (including in combination with BB) at a dose of 75-112.5mg/day in recurrent forms of AF is comparable to the "reference" drug Pr at a dose of 450-600mg/day.
Saliva as Alternative Specimen for Measuring Inflammatory Markers Interleukins (IL10, IL-4, and IL-1β) in Association with Disease Severity among COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Ahmed Samia M , Elmissbah Tariq E , Bayoumi Ammar A , Ibrahim Maha , Elshibli Elshibli M , Abbas Amin O , Osman Sannaa M A
Published: June 2023

Background: Saliva is a specimen that is easily collected by non-invasive means and does not require well-trained staff; it could be helpful in measuring inflammatory markers to determine COVID-19 severity. The aim of this study was to investigate saliva as an alternative specimen for measuring inflammatory markers IL-10, IL-4, and IL-1β among COVID-19 patients in relation to disease severity. Methods and Results: This cross-sectional study was conducted among COVID-19 patients in a fever clinic, isolated hotels, and hospitals providing care for positive COVID-19 patients and in public health centers for negative control patients in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A total of 151 subjects participated in this study, including 101 patients with COVID-19 and 50 healthy controls. Patients with COVID-19 were categorized according to the severity of their symptoms into mild (n=50) and severe cases (n=51). The salivary concentrations of IL-4, IL-10, and IL-1β were measured using sandwich MyBioSource ELISA Test Kits. The age of the study population ranged from 19 to 70 years old, with a mean age of 43.3±13.0 years. The distribution of the study population showed that more of the patients were men (65[64.4%]) than women (36[35.6%]) (P=0.004). The frequency of severe infection in men was higher than in women (35[68.6%] and 16[31.4%], respectively, P=0.008). The group of severe cases was significantly older than the group of mild cases (47.9±11.03 years and 38.64±13.82 years, respectively, P=0.0007). The volume of saliva was the smallest in severe COVID-19, compared to mild cases and controls (P=0.0000 in all cases). The salivary levels of IL-4, IL-10, and IL-1β were greater in the severe cases than in mild cases and controls (46.14±11.61 pg/mL, 12.86±1.99 pg/mL, and 27.45±11.47 pg/mL versus 19.31±5.72 pg/mL, 7.96±2.12 pg/mL, and 6.59±1.90 pg/mL, respectively; P=0.0000 in all cases). The salivary levels of IL-4 and IL-10 in mild cases were greater than in controls (19.31±5.72 pg/mL and 7.96±2.12 pg/mL versus 15.30±4.36 pg/mL and 6.02±0.89 pg/mL, respectively; P=0.0329 and P=0.000, respectively), but salivary IL-1β levels in mild cases did not differ from controls (6.59±1.90 pg/mL vs. 6.03±2.28 pg/mL, P=0.9129). Conclusion: Saliva could be used as an alternative sample in measuring IL-10, IL-4, and IL-1β with the suggestion of using IL-10 and IL-4 as markers for predicting disease severity.
Distribution of Chest Computed Tomography Findings in 202 Saudi Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Elmahdi Tasneem S A , Wanasi Mayson , Gareeballah Awadia , Hassan Mahasin G , Alsharif Walaa , Elamin Mariam Khogaly , Abdelgabar Zohida A
Published: June 2023

Background: Computed tomography (CT) is one radiographic imaging modality that plays an essential role in detecting, characterizing, and assessing the complications of COVID-19. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of chest CT findings (typical and associated) in 202 Saudi patients with COVID-19. Methods and Results: Medical records of 202 patients diagnosed in Ohod and Al-Madinah National Hospitals (Al-Madinah Al-Monwarahwith) with positive COVID-19 infection from February 1 to March 1, 2021, were analyzed in this retrospective study. A verbal ethical agreement was obtained from the radiology department in these hospitals. Patients' demographic data and chest CT findings were evaluated. The majority of the sample was male 128(63.4%), and the largest age group was 50–64 years (41.1%). The typical chest CT findings for COVID-19 pneumonia (ground-glass opacification) were bilateral in peripheral lung fields (91.58%), subpleural zones (1.98%), and central zones (0.59%). Among COVID-19-associated findings, septal thickening was found in 4(2.0%) cases, air bronchogram in 13(6.4%) cases, lung fibrosis in 3(1.5%) cases, the atelectatic in 5(2.5%) cases, pleural effusion in 15(7.4%) cases, and pulmonary embolism in 1(0.5%) case. There was no significant difference in the COVID-19-associated findings among different age groups and genders. Conclusion: Pleural effusion and air bronchogram were the most common findings associated with ground-glass opacification in unenhanced chest CT.
The Impact of Aspirin on Stem Cells and Growth Factors: Roles in Dentistry
Authors: Rahman Fazliny Abd , Faizal Nur Fatinazwa Mohd , Karen-Ng Lee Peng , Daud Sulinda , Zamzuri Ahmad Termizi
Published: June 2023

The periodontal ligament (PDL) contains a unique population of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), also known as PDL stem cells (PDLSCs). The regenerative properties of PDLSCs offer much potential for stem cell-based therapy, particularly for periodontal or bone regeneration. Aspirin (ASA) is a widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that has been reported to modulate a variety of diseases, such as cardiovascular, diabetes, and cancer. This review article focuses on the impacts of ASA on various stem cells. First, we will explain what constitutes PDLSCs and their derivation from periodontal tissues. Then we will discuss the mechanisms of ASA and its effect on periodontal tissues. Next, we focus on aspirin’s effects on the differentiation of various types of stem cells. Finally, we investigate the effects of ASA on growth factors that could enhance the osteoblastic potential of derived stem cells.
Current Transformer Saturation Detection Method Based on Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Rumiantsev Yu. V.
Published: June 2023

When current transformer is saturated, mainly due to the presence of an exponentially decaying DC component in the fault current, its secondary current has a distinctive distorted waveform which significantly differs from its primary (true) waveform. It leads to an underestimation of the secondary current value calculated by the relay protection compared to its true value. Thus, in its turn, results in trip time delay or even in a relay protection devices operation failure, since its settings and algorithms are calculated and designed on the assumption that the secondary current waveform is sinusoidal and proportional to the primary. And since, when using classical electromagnetic current transformer, it is impossible to exclude the possibility of its saturation, the detection of such abnormal condition is an urgent technical problem. The article proposes to use an artificial neural network for this purpose, which, together with the traditional method of saturation detection based on adjacent secondary current samples comparison, allows implementing a fast and reliable current transformer saturation detector. The article details the stages of the practical implementation of such an artificial neural network. The MATLAB-Simulink environment was used for assess the proposed saturation detector operation. The experiments that had been performed confirmed that proposed method provides fast and accurate saturation detection within the wide range of the power system and current transformer parameters change.
Open Genes — A New Comprehensive Database of Human Genes Associated With Aging and Longevity
Authors: Rafikova Ekaterina , Nemirovich-Danchenko Nikolay , Ogmen Anna , Parfenenkova Anna , Velikanova Anastasiia , Tikhonov Stanislav , Peshkin Leonid , Rafikov Konstantin , Spiridonova Olga , Belova Yulia , Batin Mickhail
Published: June 2023

The Open Genes database was created to enhance and simplify the search for potential aging therapy targets. We collected data on 2402 genes associated with aging and developed convenient tools for searching and comparing gene features. A comprehensive description of genes has been provided, including lifespan-extending interventions, age-related changes, longevity associations, gene evolution, associations with diseases and hallmarks of aging, and functions of gene products. For each experiment, we presented the necessary structured data for evaluating the experiment’s quality and interpreting the study’s findings. Our goal was to stay objective and precise while connecting a particular gene to human aging. We distinguished six types of studies and 12 criteria for adding genes to our database. Genes were classified according to the confidence level of the link between the gene and aging. All the data collected in a database are provided both by an API and a user interface. The database is publicly available on a website at https://open-genes.org/.
Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NTLR) Predicts Local Control Failure and Overall Survival after Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) in Metastatic Sarcoma
Authors: Somasundaram Eashwar , Smile Timothy D , Halima Ahmed , Broughman James B , Reddy Chandana A , Parsai Shireen , Scott Jacob G , Chan Timothy , Campbell Shauna , Angelov Lilyana , Zahler Stacey , Trucco Matteo , Thomas Stefanie M , Johnson Shavaughn , Qi Peng , Magnelli Anthony , Anderson Peter M. , Murphy Erin S.
Published: June 2023

The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NTLR) and absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) recovery are prognostic across many cancers. We investigated whether NLTR predicts SBRT success or survival in a metastatic sarcoma cohort treated with SBRT from 2014 and 2020 (N = 42). Wilcox Signed Rank Test and Friedman Test compare NTLR changes with local failure vs. local control (N = 138 lesions). Cox analyses identified factors associated with overall survival. If local control was successful, NLTR change was not significant (p = 0.30). However, NLTR significantly changed in patients local failure (p = 0.027). The multivariable Cox model demonstrated higher NLTR before SBRT was associated with worse overall survival (p = 0.002). The optimal NTLR cut point was 5 (Youden index: 0.418). One-year overall survival in SBRT metastatic sarcoma cohort was 47.6% (CI 34.3%-66.1%). Patients with an NTLR above 5 had a one-year overall survival of 37.7% (21.4%-66.3%); patients with an NTLR below 5 had a significantly improved overall survival of 63% (43.3%-91.6%, p = 0.014). Since NTLR at the time of SBRT was significantly associated with local control success and overall survival in metastatic sarcoma treated with SBRT, future efforts to reduce tumor inhibitory microenvironment factors and improved lymphocyte recovery should be investigated.
The Prevalence and Correlates of Diabetes Distress among South Asians Living in New York City (NYC): Baseline Results from a Randomized Trial
Authors: Mohsin Farhan , Wyatt Laura , Belli Hayley , Ali Shahmir , Onakomaiya Deborah , Misra Supriya , Yusuf Yousra , Mammen Shinu , Zanowiak Jennifer , Hussain Sarah , Zafar Haroon , Lim Sahnah , Islam Nadia , Ahmed Naheed
Published: June 2023

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) disproportionately affects South Asians in the United States (US). Living with T2D can be challenging due to the distress it can create for an individual. Distress associated with diabetes, commonly known as diabetes distress (DD), may lead to complications and challenges with the management of diabetes. This study aims to describe the prevalence of DD among a sample of South Asians in New York City (NYC) seeking care in community-based primary care settings and its association with sociodemographic characteristics and clinical measures.
Methods: This study utilized baseline data from the Diabetes Research, Education, and Action for Minorities (DREAM) Initiative, an intervention designed to reduce hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) among South Asians with uncontrolled T2D in NYC. DD was measured using the Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS). First, descriptive statistics were used to analyze sociodemographic variables. Chi-square tests assessed categorical variables and Wilcoxon Rank Sum tests assessed continuous variables using a Type I error rate of 0.05. Logistic regression was performed to determine if HbA1c and mental health, along with other covariates, were associated with dichotomized DDS subscales.
Results: Overall, 415 participants completed the DDS at baseline. Median age was 56 years (IQR: 48-62). A total of 25.9% had high emotional burden distress, 6.6% had high physician-related distress, and 22.2% had high regimen-related distress based on subscales. In adjusted analyses, individuals with any days of poor mental health had significantly higher odds of overall distress (OR:3.7, p=0.014), emotional burden distress (OR:4.9, p<0.001), and physician-related distress (OR:5.0, p=0.002) compared to individuals with no days of poor mental health. Individuals with higher HbA1c had significantly higher odds of regimen-related distress (OR:1.31, p=0.007).
Conclusions: Findings suggest that DD is prevalent among this sample of South Asians with diagnosed T2D in NYC. Screening for DD in patients with prediabetes/diabetes should be considered by providers to help provide mental and physical health services during primary care visits. Future research can also benefit from a longitudinal analysis of the impact of DD on diabetes self-management, medication adherence, and mental and physical health.
Trial registration: This study uses baseline data from “Diabetes Management Intervention For South Asians” (NCT03333044), which was registered with clinicaltrials.gov on 6/11/2017.
Regional nodal irradiation for breast cancer using volumetric modulated arc therapy: Echocardiographic functional outcomes
Authors: Yu Anthony , White Charlie , Zhang Zhigang , Liu Jennifer , Gillespie Erin , McCormick Beryl , Khan Atif , Steingart Richard , Powell Simon , Cahlon Oren , Braunstein Lior
Published: June 2023

Introduction Regional nodal irradiation (RNI) for breast cancer yields improvements in disease outcomes, yet comprehensive target coverage often increases cardiac radiation (RT) dose. Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) may mitigate high-dose cardiac exposure, although often increases the volume of low-dose exposure. The cardiac implications of this dosimetric configuration (in contrast to historic 3D conformal techniques) remains uncertain.
Methods Eligible patients receiving adjuvant RNI using VMAT for locoregional breast cancer were prospectively enrolled on an IRB-approved study. Echocardiograms were performed prior to RT, at the conclusion of RT, and 6-months following RT. Echocardiographic parameters were measured by a single reader (AY) and measures were compared pre- and post-RT via the Wilcoxon rank sum test. Changes in echocardiographic parameters over time were compared to mean and max heart doses via the Spearman correlation test.
Results Among 19 evaluable patients (median age 38), 89% (n=17) received doxorubicin and 37% (n=7) received trastuzumab/pertuzumab combination therapy. All patients received VMAT-based whole-breast/chest-wall and regional nodal irradiation. Average mean heart dose was 456cGy (range 187–697cGy) and average max heart dose was 3001cGy (1560-4793cGy). Among salient echocardiographic parameters, no significant decrement in cardiac function was observed when comparing pre-RT to 6-months post-RT: mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 61.8 (SD 4.4) pre-RT and 62.7 (SD 3.8) 6-months post-RT (p=0.493); mean global longitudinal strain (GLS) was -19.3 (SD 2.2) pre-RT and -19.6 (SD 1.8) 6-months post-RT (p=0.627). No individual patient exhibited reduced LVEF or sustained decrement in GLS. No correlations were observed for changes in LVEF or GLS when compared to mean or maximum heart doses (p>0.1 for all).
Conclusions VMAT for left-sided RNI yielded no significant early decrement in echocardiographic parameters of cardiac function, including LVEF and GLS. No patient exhibited significant LVEF changes, and none exhibited sustained decrements in GLS. VMAT may be a reasonable approach to cardiac avoidance in patients requiring RNI, including those receiving anthracyclines and HER2-directed therapy. Larger cohorts with longer follow-up will be needed to validate these findings.
Characterization of Firmiana danxiaensis chloroplast genomes and comparative analysis of Firmiana: insight into its adaptive evolution and phylogenetic relationships
Authors: Li Ya-li , Nie Li-yun , Deng Shuang-wen , Duan Lei , Wang Zheng-feng , Charboneau Joseph L.M. , Ho Boon-Chuan , Chen Hong-feng
Published: June 2023

Background
Firmiana danxiaensis is a critically endangered and ecologically important tree currently only found in four locations in Danxia or Karst habitats in northern Guangdong Province, China. The specialized habitat preference makes it an ideal model species for study of adaptive evolution. Therefore, we sequenced its complete chloroplast (cp) genome from four locations and conducted comparative genomics analyses at both interspecific and intrageneric levels.
Results
The F. danxiaensis cp genomes are about 160,972 bp in size, with 112 unique genes encoded. The genomes revealed higher biased codon preferences in Karst habitat than those in Danxia habitats. Eighteen and 11 divergent hotpots were identified at interspecific and intrageneric levels, respectively. Selection pressure analysis revealed that Ka/Ks values of F. danxiaensis cp genomes were less than one at the interspecific level. Seven (clpP, accD, ccsA, ndhH, rpl20, rpoC2, and rps4) positively selected genes were identified when comparing F. danxiaensis cp genomes to Sterculia monosperma and other Firmiana species, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that F. danxiaensis is sister to F. major and F. simplex. However, our cp genomes did not cluster phylogenetically according to their habitat types.
Conclusions
The F. danxiaensis cp genomes reveal both possible environmental associated adaptation and random genetic effects in the species, which encourages further integration of geographical distances, environmental factors, and SNPs on the adaptive evolution study of F. danxiaensis.