bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Roll Casting of Al-Mg-Si Alloy
Authors: Haga Toshio , Oida Keisuke , Watari Hisaki , Nishida Shinichi
Published: March 2021

The aluminum alloy Al–5%Mg–2%Si, the chemical content of which is close to that of the Magsimal-59 aluminum alloy commonly for die casting, was successfully cast into strips using a vertical high-speed twin-roll caster at a speed of 30 m/min. This means that Al–5%Mg–2%Si is suitable for the high-speed twin roll-casting. The as-cast Al–5%Mg–2%Si strip was then successfully cold-rolled to a thickness of 0.7 mm. Tension and cup tests were conducted on the cold-rolled annealed strips. The tensile stress was 205 MPa and the elongation was 20% for a thickness of 1 mm. The limiting drawing ratio was 2.0 at a 0.7 mm thickness. The present results demonstrates that Al–5%Mg–2%Si can be used for die casting and sheet forming. This means that use of this alloy for both sheet forming and die casting could eliminate the need for the separation of wrought aluminum alloys from cast aluminum prior to processing at recycling plants.
Vacancy Formation Energy and Kinetic Properties of Liquid Metals
Authors: Starodubtsev Yuri N. , Tsepelev V.S.
Published: March 2021

We investigated the relationship of the vacancy formation energy with kinematic viscosity and self-diffusion coefficient in liquid metals at the melting temperature. Formulas are obtained that relate experimental values of the vacancy formation energy, kinematic viscosity, and self-diffusion coefficient to the atomic size and mass, the melting and Debye temperatures. The viscosity and self-diffusion parameters are introduced. The ratio of these parameters to vacancy formation energy is equal to dimensionless constants. It is shown that the formulas for viscosity and self-diffusion differ only in dimensionless constants; the values of these constants are calculated. Linear regression analysis was carried out and formulas with the highest adjusted coefficient of determination were identified. The calculated values of the self-diffusion coefficient for a large number of liquid metals are presented.
Casting of Aluminum Alloy Strand Using Two- and Three-Wheel Caster
Authors: Haga Toshio , Daishi Masanari , Mitsunari Takumi , Watari Hisaki , Nishida Shinichi
Published: March 2021

Casting of a thin aluminum alloy strand was investigated using two-and three-wheel casters. Molten metal was poured through a launder into a trapezoidal groove in the lower wheel of the caster. In the two-wheel caster, the level of molten metal was lower than the height of the walls of the lower wheel groove, and a puddle was formed between the lower and upper wheels. As a result, it was possible to cast the strand without the formation of burrs. In the three-wheel caster, the level of molten metal was higher than the height of the walls of the lower wheel groove by effect of surface tension. However, with the use of a grooved first upper wheel, the molten metal became semisolid, and it was possible to cast the strand without burrs as this semisolid metal passed under the second upper wheel.
Immunohistochemistry as a paramount tool in research of normal urothelium, bladder cancer and bladder pain syndrome
Authors: Zupančič Daša , Romih Rok
Published: March 2021

The urothelium, an epithelium of the urinary bladder, primarily functions as blood-urine permeability barrier. The urothelium has a very slow turn-over under normal conditions but is capable of extremely fast response to injury. During regeneration urothelium either restores normal function or undergoes altered differentiation pathways, the latter being the cause of several bladder diseases. In this review, we describe the structure of the apical plasma membrane that enables barrier function, the role of urothelium specific proteins uroplakins and the machinery for polarized membrane transports in terminally differentiated superficial umbrella cells. We address key markers, such as keratins, cancer stem cell markers, retinoic acid signalling pathway proteins and transient receptor potential channels and purinergic receptors that drive normal and altered differentiation in bladder cancer and bladder pain syndrome. Finally, we discuss uncertainties regarding research, diagnosis and treatment of bladder pain syndrome. Throughout the review, we emphasise the contribution of immunohistochemistry in advancing our understanding of processes in normal and diseased bladder as well as the most promising possibilities for improved bladder cancer and bladder pain syndrome management.
Impact of Plastic Surgery Medical Training on Medical Students’ Knowledge, Attitudes, Preferences, and Perceived Benefits: Comparative Study
Authors: Jabaiti Samir , Hamdan-Mansour Ayman M. , Isleem Ula N. , Altarawneh Saba' , Araggad Lamees , Al Ibraheem Ghaida'a , Alryalat Saif Aldeen , Thiabatbtoush Shatha
Published: March 2021

Introduction

Misconceptions surrounding the discipline of plastic surgery are widespread public and medical students and professionals, as well. The purpose of this study was to explore how the inclusion of plastic surgery rotation into the medical curriculum affects medical students’ knowledge, attitudes, and preferences regarding plastic surgery specialization and referral.

Design and methods

A descriptive-correlational design was utilized to collect data from 200 medical students in the final two years of education from two separate six-year medical programs in Jordan. Data was collected using self-reported questionnaires regarding knowledge of surgical procedures allocation, attitude towards plastic surgery, preference of specialization, and benefits of plastic surgery to physicians and patients.

Results

Analysis showed that medical students of plastic surgery integrate rotation (program A) had a higher average score of correct procedure-allocation (M=12.57, SD = 3.14), compared to non-integrated plastic surgery rotation program (program B) (M=8.29, SD=3.05). About 83% (n =83) of students in program A had their knowledge on plastic surgery from direct exposure to a plastic surgeon, compared to 43% (n=43) of program B, and 24% (n=24) of students in program A reported that their perception of plastic surgery influenced by media compared to 62% (n=62) of those in program B.

Conclusions

Medical students exposed to plastic surgery education are more confident about procedures of plastic surgery and had more reliable sources of knowledge about plastic surgery than those who were not exposed to plastic surgery rotation.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Covid-19 among Students during the Early Phase of Pandemic in a University in Borneo, Malaysia
Authors: Sazali Mohd Fazeli , Rahim Syed Sharizman Syed Abdul , Mohamed Mohd Haazik , Omar Azizan , Pang Nicholas Tze Ping , Jeffree Mohammad Saffree , Tat Yeap Boon , Giloi Nelbon , Mohd Bahar Farhana Harzila , Afridah Wiwik , Zakkiy Fasya Abdul Hakim , Hassan Mohd Rohaizat , Madrim Mohd Faizal , Mokti Khalid , Ramdzan Abdul Rahman , Sidek Ahmad Zulkhairul Naim , Atil Azman , Abd Rahim Muhammad Aklil , Ibrahim Mohd Yusof
Published: March 2021

Introduction

COVID-19 related knowledge, attitude and practice plays a major role in determining the readiness of the community to adopt the behavioural change towards recommended preventive measures outlined by public health officials. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding COVID-19 among university students as well as its associated factors.

Design and methods

This is a cross sectional study that was conducted among students in a public university during the early phase of COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia. An online validated self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis test was used to determine the association between independent variables with knowledge, attitude, and practice score.

Results

Overall response rate of this study was 92.9 (n=524). Median score of knowledge domain was 78.0 (IQR= ±12.0), median attitude score of 49.0 (IQR= ±5.0), and median practice score of 80.0 (IQR= ±11.0). The mean knowledge, attitude and practice score were significantly higher among diploma holder (vs degree holder, p<0.05), residing in main Kota Kinabalu campus ( vs non-KK campus, p<0.001), studying in medical faculty ( vs non-medical faculty, p<0.001), and attended COVID-19 education ( vs non-attendance; p<0.05).

Conclusion

COVID-19 related knowledge and attitude were below satisfactory level during earlier phase of the pandemic. However, majority of respondents have positive behaviour towards COVID-19 prevention. This highlights the importance of accurate and tailored health education to improve the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of recommended measures to prevent COVID-19 spread.
Acylindrical actions on CAT(0) square complexes
Authors: Martin Alexandre
Published: March 2021

For group actions on hyperbolic CAT(0) square complexes, we show that the acylindricity of the action is equivalent to a weaker form of acylindricity phrased purely in terms of stabilisers of points, which has the advantage of being much more tractable for actions on non-locally compact spaces. For group actions on general CAT(0) square complexes, we show that an analogous characterisation holds for the so-called WPD condition. As an application, we study the geometry of generalised Higman groups on at least 5 generators, the first historical examples of finitely presented infinite groups without non-trivial finite quotients. We show that these groups act acylindrically on the CAT (–1) polygonal complex naturally associated to their presentation. As a consequence, such groups satisfy a strong version of the Tits alternative and are residually

F_2

-free, that is, every element of the group survives in a quotient that does not contain a non-abelian free subgroup.
CAT(0) cube complexes and inner amenability
Authors: Duchesne Bruno , Tucker-Drob Robin D. , Wesolek Phillip
Published: March 2021

We here consider inner amenability from a geometric and group theoretical perspective. We prove that for every non-elementary action of a group

G

on a finite dimensional irreducible CAT(0) cube complex, there is a nonempty

G

-invariant closed convex subset such that every conjugation invariant mean on

G

gives full measure to the stabilizer of each point of this subset. Specializing our result to trees leads to a complete characterization of inner amenability for HNN-extensions and amalgamated free products. One novelty of the proof is that it makes use of the existence of certain idempotent conjugation-invariant means on

G

.

We additionally obtain a complete characterization of inner amenability for permutational wreath product groups. One of the main ingredients used for this is a general lemma which we call the location lemma, which allows us to “locate” conjugation invariant means on a group

G

relative to a given normal subgroup

N

of

G

. We give several further applications of the location lemma beyond the aforementioned characterization of inner amenable wreath products.
О разностях мультипликативных функций и
решениях уравнения $n-\varphi(n)=c$
Authors: Semchankau Aliaksei Siarhevich
Published: March 2021

Изучена общая задача: дано натуральное число $c$,
и две мультипликативные функции $f$ и $g$, требуется определить,
как много существует $n$ таких, что верно равенство $f(n)-g(n)=c$.
Доказано, что если наложить на функции $f$, $g$ и
решения определенные ограничения (в частности, что $f(n)>g(n)$
при $n>1$), то это уравнение имеет
не более $c^{1-\epsilon}$ решений.
Для уравнения $n-\varphi(n)=c$ доказано, что число решений равно
$$
G(c+1)+O(c^{3/4+o(1)}),
$$
где $G(k)$ - количество способов представить $k$ в виде
суммы двух простых чисел.
Этот результат опирается на некоторые утверждения
о конфигурациях точек и прямых.
Библиография: 4 названия.
Существование $T/k$-периодических решений нелинейной неавтономной
системы с кратным собственным числом матрицы
Authors: Yevstafyeva Victoria Viktorovna
Published: March 2021

Исследуется система обыкновенных дифференциальных уравнений $n$-го порядка
с релейной нелинейностью и периодической функцией возмущения в правой части.
Матрица системы имеет вещественные ненулевые собственные числа, среди
которых есть по крайней мере одно положительное и одно кратное. Используется
неособое преобразование, приводящее собственную матрицу к жордановой форме.
Рассматриваются непрерывные периодические решения, периодам которых
кратен период функции возмущения, с двумя точками переключения в фазовом
пространстве системы. Установлены необходимые условия существования таких
решений. Доказана теорема существования решения с периодом, равным периоду
функции возмущения. Представлен численный пример, подтверждающий полученные
результаты.
Библиография: 21 название.
Восстановление обобщенного ряда Фурье
по его сумме на компактной нульмерной группе в неабелевом случае
Authors: Skvortsov Valentin Anatol'evich
Published: March 2021

Найдено необходимое и достаточное условие, при котором формальный ряд,
построенный по системе неприводимых представлений компактной
нульмерной группы, является рядом Фурье-Стилтьеса аддитивной меры.
Показано, что в случае поточечной сходимости такого ряда всюду
на группе его сумма интегрируема в смысле интеграла хенстоковского
типа и ряд является рядом Фурье-Хенстока своей суммы.
Библиография: 11 названий.
Построение неограниченных разрывных решений скалярных законов сохранения при помощи преобразования Лежандра
Authors: Gargyants Lidia Vladimirovna , Goritsky Andrey , Panov Evgeny Yur'evich
Published: March 2021

Изучается квазилинейное уравнение первого порядка с нечетной функцией потока, имеющей в нуле единственную точку перегиба. Предложен способ построения разрывных знакопеременных энтропийных решений этого уравнения, основанный на преобразовании Лежандра.
Библиография: 18 названий.
Optimism Bias, Pessimism Bias, Magical Beliefs, and Conspiracy Theory Beliefs Related to COVID-19 among the Jordanian Population
Authors: Hammad Alaa M. , Hamed Rania , Al-Qerem Walid , Bandar Ameena , Hall Frank Scott
Published: March 2021

The outbreak of the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus has an enormous impact on health. People’s views about the virus impact public health efforts to mitigate the pandemic. In this study, we measured misconceptions toward coronavirus in the Jordanian population; 2,544 participants from the Jordanian population completed an online survey. Questions in the survey addressed misconceptions divided into four categories: optimism bias, pessimism bias, magical beliefs, and conspiracy theory beliefs. Questions were evaluated on a Likert scale, and average/median scores for each category were evaluated (“one” high misconception to “five” low misconception). Overall, the most common misconceptions involved conspiracy theory beliefs (2.68 ± 0.83), whereas the least common involved magical beliefs (2.25 ± 0.75). Females had more misconceptions than males (2.52 versus 2.47, P = 0.04). Participants who had attended a lecture on coronavirus, had a higher level of education, worked in a medical field, lived in urban area, or resided in Amman or northern Jordan had fewer misconceptions about SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 (2.64, 2.34, 2.33, 2.50 and 2.50 versus 2.53, 2.73, 2.72, 2.64, and 2.66, respectively, P < 0.001). The use of social media appeared to be an important factor influencing the likelihood of false beliefs (2.61 versus 2.38, P < 0.001). Understanding of the factors influencing public perceptions surrounding the SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 pandemic will help public health authorities improve public understanding and compliance with public health recommendations directed at combatting the virus, including the use of surgical masks, thorough handwashing, and avoiding close contact. These messages will be better received by the public through correcting misconceptions surrounding COVID-19.
Evolutionary trends in the interpretation of the European Court of Human Rights under the European Convention on Human Rights
Authors: Karvatska Svitlana , Blikhar Mariia , Huralenko Nataliia
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this Article is to analyse evolutionary trends in the interpretation of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) by the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). To achieve this goal, a wide range of general philosophical methods were used. The Article submits that the ECHR has shown a growing commitment to the evolutionary method of interpretation, using the doctrine of a "living instrument", the ECHR, which is particularly important for Member States with specific problems, although this method limits the scope in the discretion of the State. It is concluded that the interpretative methodology used by the ECHR involves the use of its methods, including increasingly developing methods of consensus, efficiency, judicial activism, comparison, innovative interpretation, autonomous method, and "balance" method. This demonstrates, inter alia, the unlimited potential to improve the ECHR's interpretation of conventional standards. In the context of modern transformations in the direction of proactive international justice, judicial activism objectively departs from a formal application of legal norms and reflects the ECHR's desire to protect the fundamental human rights of individuals and communicatethem.
Model of social protection for war veterans to improve their social well-being and health in the Russian Federation
Authors: Pankova Elena G. , Bistyaykina Dinara A. , Solovieva Tatiana V. , Antipova Alena A. , Lizina Olga M.
Published: March 2021

The relevance of the studied problem is determined by the need to constantly improve the system of social protection of veterans in changing socio-cultural conditions to make it more consistent with the tasks and priorities of social and demographic policy and modern social threats and risks. The objective of the article is to study the Russian experience of social protection of war veterans and to develop practical recommendations for its improvement by updating the model of social protection of veterans to improve their social well-being and health. Research methods: systemic (integrative) method, assuming the need to analyze social, economic, legal, and other measures to support veterans and the elderly; expert survey; modelling. As a result of the study, the authors draw conclusions and offer recommendations on the improvement and implementation of the model of social protection of war veterans to improve their social well-being and health. The practical significance of the conducted study lies in the possibility of using the developed recommendations in the sphere of social policy and social work with veterans and the elderly, social gerontology, and practical activities of social protection institutions for senior citizens.
Diversification Rate of Energy Balance and Energy Export Demand Risk Impacts on Economic Growth: The Case of Azerbaijan
Authors: Bayramov Shahin V. , Mehdiyeva Gulsura Y. , Eyvazov Agil A. , Mustafayev Elchin R.
Published: March 2021

The objective of the article was to examine the level of diversification of the energy balance and energy export demand, as well as its impacts on economic growth to ensure energy security in Azerbaijan. Forthe research, the Risk Energy Export Demand Index and its four sub-indexes, i.e.,1) export dependence, were used; 2) risk of monopsonium; (3) the risk of transaction costs; 4) Comparative quantitative assessment of the economic importance of different types of energy in the country's energy exports. The Herfindahl-Hirschman index and the Shannon-Wiener index were used for the assessment of the diversification and concentration rate. The OLS method, the ADF test and cointegration were used to assess the relationship between indicators. It is concluded that the share ofenergy obtained from renewable sources in the country's energy balance is very low (about 3%), and the energy obtained from these sources is mainly used for electricity production. Since an essential part of the country's energy balance is in hydrocarbon reserves, the level of diversification is low.
Principles of Proper Procedure Formation for the Provision of Administrative
Services in the Field of Health Care
Authors: Sopilko Iryna M. , Vinetska Roza M. , Novytska Nataliia B. , Lyubchik Oleksandr
Published: March 2021

The article bases and determines the principles of the formation of appropriate procedures for the provision of administrative services in the field of health care. The deductive methodology used ensures the formation of non-conflict statements on the principles built on European democratic values. The desirability of classifying these principles into three groups has been demonstrated according to the criterion of the limits of the formation of the fundamentals (principles) of regulation: general legal principles, regulatory principles of good governance. Improving existing legislation underpins the importance of considering the principle of legal certainty, which stipulates the need to avoid the priority of regulating procedures for the provision of administrative services in general and in the field of health, in particular through the use of statutes. It is concluded that the further development of e-government is proposed as one of the implementing directions of the European experience, as well as the experience of the United States and Great Britain in organizing the provision of administrative services in the field of health care.
Principles of Law and Electronic Constitutional (Statutory) Justice in the Constituent Entities of the Russian Federation
Authors: Khabibullina Gulnara Rushanovna , Shaikhiev Rishat Islamovich , Salikhov Damir Ravilyevich
Published: March 2021

This article discusses constitutional (statutory) electronic justice in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation as a method of organizing judicial activity based on information technologies, which aims to ensure the operation, mainly, of the principles of publicity and openness, transparency, and accessibility of information from constitutional (statutory) legal procedures as a variety of the latter in the Russian Federation. In the methodological of use the technique of documentary observation. Indeed, electronic (statutory)constitutional justice in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation has a multifaceted nature and characteristic, as it can be considered in several contexts, including the attribution to the group of additional constitutional guarantees of human and civil rights. It is concluded that electronic constitutional justice brings spaces of justice closer to individuals and communities, making it easier to exercise their rights and duties.
Regulatory framework for the fight against corruption in the National Police of Ukraine
Authors: Vitalii Vasylevych , Stanislav Mozol , Andrii Poklonskyi , Olena Poklonska , Polina Zeleniak
Published: March 2021

The objective of the article is to analyze the main international regulations on overcoming corruption in the police, as well as the laws of Ukraine aimed at combating this phenomenon in the National Police. The theme of the study is the analysis of the legal framework for combating corruption in the police. The research methodology includes the following general and special legal methods: dialectical, logical, system-legal, normative-dogmatic, comparative-legal, and legal modeling method. The results of the investigation indicate the most effective means of combating corruption in the police of the most developed countries. By way of conclusion and with practical significance, Ukrainian anti-corruption legislation against police officers has been shown to be repressive, so it cannot be effective without measures to encourage law-abiding behaviour and the sense of anti-corruption of law enforcement officers. Emphasis is placed on the need to take measures to encourage the anti-corruption behaviour of police officers and to enshrine these provisions in relevant regulations.
Role of principles of law from the perspective of legal impact in modern Russia: theoretical and technical-legal aspects
Authors: Adygezalova Gyulnaz Eldarovna , Kich Irina Stanislavovna , Zhinkin Sergey Alekseevich , Salikova Susanna Vladimirovna , Paltseva Neonila Dmitrievna
Published: March 2021

The article discusses the problems related to the implementation of the legal impact on modern Russia and the role of the principles of law as the underlying idea behind that impact. This research aims to structure visions of the main characteristics and classifications of the principles of law in the context of their formalization. The authors use the method of technical analysis of regulations, which is important to meet the requirements of legal engineering. As a result of the work carried out, the authors suggest that, on the one hand, it is important to aim at the standardization of the principles of law as accurately and accurately as possible in legislation. On the other hand, they assume that principles that are already assured in legislation but have not yet been recognized by the scientific community must also obtain an assessment and justified characteristics in the doctrine. They conclude that, from a technical-legal point of view, a principle of law that is not scientifically recognized does not disappear from the legal framework if it is institutionalized as such in effective legislation. On the contrary, essentially new principles enshrined in legislation should not be ignored by legal science.
Legal Values of Russian Conservatism and Their Impact on Professional Legal Consciousness
Authors: Kuzubova Angelina Yurievna , Podoksenov Alexander Modestovich , Solovyova Larisa L. , Kvasova Olga Andreevna , Podoksenova Maria Alexandrovna
Published: March 2021

Of scientific interest is the process and the result of the cognitive activity of law enforcement, which affects the functioning of the entire legal system. The problem of developing the professional legal conscience of law enforcement is revealed through the study of its value component, so the reference to the legal axiology of 19th-century Russian conservatism is a relevant scientific issue. The authors consider the opinions of the main conservative thinkers of the pre-revolutionary period: K. N. Leontiev and K. P. Pobedonostsev, the heritage of I. A. Ilyin that belongs to the first quarter of the twentieth century, etc. It is concluded that professional legal understanding must be based both on the modern legal paradigm and on the national legal tradition, mentality and established positive social practices. It is necessary to correlate values of the ethical and legal categories: justice and truth, rights and duties, dignity and honor, freedom, equality, order, etc. It can be said that the modern legal conscience of special subjects accumulates many legal values of Russian conservatism, including "justice", "order", "responsibility".
THE FORMATION OF THE FINANCIAL AND BUDGETARY SPHERE IN NORTH OSSETIA IN THE TRANSITION PERIOD (1917-1931)
Authors: КОБАХИДЗЕ Е.И.
Published: March 2021

В статье впервые анализируются раннесоветские практики формирования финансово-бюджетной сферы Северной Осетии в контексте государственной политики управления финансами. Их изучение представляется актуальным в связи с очевидным параллелизмом с процессами первого постсоветского десятилетия, когда в России формировалось новое политическое и экономическое пространство, в котором были активно задействованы восстановительные хозяйственно-экономические механизмы, применявшиеся в 20-х гг. XX в. Становление финансовой и бюджетной системы в Северной Осетии рассматривается в ее тесной связи с ходом государственного строительства; отдельное внимание уделено вопросам налогообложения, формирования бюджетов разных уровней, конкретным показателям хозяйственно-экономического развития Осетии на разных этапах переходного периода и в рамках политико-экономических стратегий «военного коммунизма» и «новой экономической политики». Общая специфика исследуемых процессов обусловлена значительными политическими трансформациями, переживаемыми страной в ходе построения советского государства и социалистической экономики. В то же время анализ документов и материалов, в том числе впервые вводимых в научный оборот, показывает, что Осетия, оказавшись в советской системе власти и управления, приобрела собственный опыт построения основ государственности и ее институтов, в том числе в финансовой сфере.

For the first time, the article analyzes the early Soviet practices of the formation of the financial and budgetary sphere of North Ossetia in the context of the state policy of financial management. Their study is relevant in connection with the obvious parallelism with the processes of the first post-Soviet decade, when a new political and economic space was formed in Russia, in which the restorative economic mechanisms used in the 1920s were actively involved. The formation of the financial and budgetary system in North Ossetia is considered in its close connection with the progress of state building; special attention is paid to the issues of taxation, the formation of budgets of different levels, specific indicators of economic development of Ossetia at different stages of the transition period and within the framework of political and economic strategies of “war communism” and “new economic policy”. The general specificity of the processes under study is due to the significant political transformations experienced by the country in the course of building the Soviet state and socialist economy. At the same time, the analysis of documents and materials, including those introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, shows that Ossetia, having found itself in the Soviet system of power and administration, has acquired its own experience in building the foundations of statehood and its institutions, in the financial sphere as well.
THE ROLE OF A.P. BERGÉ IN ORGANIZING “THE SOCIETY OF THE CAUCASIAN ARCHEOLOGY ADVOCATES”
Authors: АЛИЕВА А.И.
Published: March 2021

В статье впервые воссоздана история организации в Тифлисе в 1873 г. Общества любителей кавказской археологии – первого на Кавказе археологического общества, учрежденного по инициативе кавказского наместника. Председатель Кавказской Археологической Комиссии А.П. Берже (1828–1886), которому было дано такое поручение, сумел не только привлечь к работе Общества немногочисленных тогда на Кавказе исследователей археологии, но и составить его четкую программу и организовать ряд результативных экспедиций. Особую заслугу Общества любителей кавказской археологии составило его активное участие в подготовке и проведении в Тифлисе в 1881 г. V Археологического съезда, во многом определившего развитие исторических исследований в этом регионе в ХХ в.

The article is the first to reconstruct the history of the organization in Tiflis in 1873 of the Society of the Caucasian Archeology Advocates – the first archaeological society in the Caucasus, established on the initiative of the Caucasian governor. Chairman of the Caucasian Archaeological Commission A.P. Bergé (1828–1886), who was given such an assignment, managed not only to attract archeological researchers, who were then few in the Caucasus, to the work of the Society, but also to draw up its clear program and organize a number of effective expeditions. A special merit of the Society of Caucasian Archeology Advocates was its active participation in the preparation and holding of the 5th Archaeological Congress in Tiflis in 1881, which largely determined the development of historical research in this region in the XXth century.
Walking on Eggshells: The Lived Experience of Partners of Veterans with PTSD
Authors: Beks Tiffany
Published: March 2021

This phenomenological study examined the descriptions of lived experience among female partners of veteran men with combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) via internet discussion forums. Personal, self-initiated written accounts of 30 partners were analyzed with respect to meaning, challenges, coping responses, and role in veterans’ healing and rehabilitation. Following data analysis, five descriptive themes emerged: all-consuming effect of the illness, walking on eggshells, ambiguous loss, alone, and facing PTSD as a unit. The central meaning of these themes describes the widespread priority of the veterans’ illness, and the resulting isolation, grief, and apprehension experienced by intimate partners as they assume primary caregiving roles. The findings indicate that the nature of combat-related PTSD places significant burden and responsibility on partners. I argue that mental health supports and services should be implemented in order to meet the needs of partners of veteran with PTSD. Furthermore, the needs and preferences of partners should be considered in the design and delivery of mental health services targeted toward veterans. This study has implications for practitioners and for future planning and implementation of services and interventions for military families affected by combat trauma.
Pregnancy and Childbirth Practices among Immigrant Women from India: “Have a Healthy Baby”
Authors: Cousik Rama , Hickey M. Gail
Published: March 2021

In India, practices relating to pregnancy, childbirth and child development have been rooted in cultural beliefs and traditions that are based on knowledge contained in ancient Indian texts. Many Indians residing across the globe continue to observe these practices. Some may find it challenging to do so when they are residing abroad, away from familiar surroundings and separated from their extended families. A small body of research exists that shows that migrant Indian women do observe traditional maternal practices based on cultural beliefs, but there is a need to learn more about how this knowledge is acquired, disseminated and preserved. This qualitative case study examines how immigrant women from India in the United States (US) acquire knowledge about and observe traditional maternal practices. Interviews and participant observation indicate that the women in this study adroitly mixed many traditional practices with the medical model of care provided in the US, and importantly, most of them followed these practices more as a deference to the norms laid out by their elders. The goal of traditional practices appeared to be to ensure birth of healthy infants.
Post-Traumatic Growth in Cancer Survivors: Narrative Markers and Functions of The Experience's Transformation
Authors: Martino Maria Luisa , Freda Maria Francesca
Published: March 2021

The concept that a traumatic experience, such as a cancer, can lead to a positive change and transformation of self, life and relationships was named as post-traumatic growth (PTG). A large amount of research measured PTG in cancer survivors arguing an interpretation of the construct as an outcome. Recently, qualitative research shows different types of narrative of PTG, but the narrative markers and their functions of transformation remain still unclear. Within a mixed-method, we aim to highlight the narrative markers and their transformative functions, underlying the PTG, within 12 cancer survivors’ narratives with medium/high and medium/low level of PTG. A redemptive sequence analysis was carried out. In the narratives with high/medium PTG we find a specific transformative function on-thinking focused transformation founded on the change/expansion of the own internal criteria to interpret the relationship with the world centralizing the self in the present and future; in the narratives with medium/low PTG we find an on-acting focused transformation, founded on the change of the operational procedures aimed to live centered on the present and on its moments.
Essentials of a Qualitative Doctorate as Seen from Two Frames
Authors: Perry Wayne
Published: March 2021

Immy Holloway and Lorraine Brown, the authors of Essentials of a Qualitative Doctorate, explicitly identify their intended audience as “doctoral candidates who write their dissertations in English….” This review looks at the book from two frames, a professor who mentors doctoral students, and, imaginatively, as a student who is trying to write my first qualitative dissertation. I found the book has a number of strengths, most especially its broader focus than solely on a US Ph.D. However, the broad focus left many important details in the background. Essentials of a Qualitative Doctorate is probably best seen as a helpful reminder to a student in the writing phase of the dissertation of what the student should already have learned and mastered in prior course work.
DEPENDENCIES OF THE DISTORTION FACTOR OF THE SINUSOIDALITY OF THE RECOVERY CURRENT ON THE PARAMETERS OF THE PROCESS WHEN CONTROLLING THE FORCED DISCHARGE OF ACCUMULATOR BATTERIES INTO THE NETWORK BY SIGNAL WITH SINGLE-CYCLE ONE-WAY PULSE-WIDTH MODULATION
Authors: Frolov Sergey S. , Shatilov Dmitry A.
Published: March 2021

For modern remote and closed systems of uninterruptible power supply, a operation of forced discharge of accumulator batteries is in demand. It is advisable to carry out the specified process of forced discharge with recuperation into the network. This way of leads: firstly, to a decrease in the mass of charging and discharging devices due to the exclusion of powerful resistive loads from the latter; secondly, to noticeable energy savings for closed autonomous objects. At the same time, for the regenerative current, increased requirements are imposed on its sinusoidality, the distortion coefficient of which is significantly influenced by the relationship between the EMF of the battery and the amplitude of the mains voltage, the discharge current and the maximum current of the coil of the active rectifier. The influence the frequency of the PWM control signal and the frequency of the regeneration current (mains frequency) is also possible. In uninterruptible systems, storage batteries are used with different total EMF and capacity that determines the discharge current. In addition, the mentioned values change during operation, and at forced discharge, various technique can be used that differ in the ratio of the discharge current to the capacity of the battery and the law of its change. Therefore, in the development of a universal system for forced discharge of a battery into a network with pulse-width control of the regenerative current shape, is relevant information on the dependences of the distortion factor of the sinusoidality on the above ratios of the battery voltage and the amplitude of the mains voltage, the discharge current and the maximum current of the coil of the active rectifier coil, as well as from the number of pulses for the regeneration current period. The article presents the results of work on obtaining diagrams of these dependencies. To obtain the latter, the function of the output current of the active rectifier is formed – of the regeneration current, then its spectral function. Using the latter, the current waveform distortions are estimated based on the spectral approach. The results obtained are in demand in the development of program modules for microcontrollers of the pulse-width regulators of the regeneration current, which implement algorithms for the formation of a current curve with acceptable values of the distortion coefficient of the sinusoidality when changing the parameters of the battery, network and discharge current.
DESIGN FEATURES AND THE TIME CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RAIL FOUR-CHANNEL SPARK GAP WITH FIELD DISTORTION
Authors: Ashmarin Vasiliy V. , Osipov Denis G. , Rezyukov Igor V.
Published: March 2021

The article discusses the design features of a four-channel rail arrester with field distortion and the results of the study of its time characteristics. The need for this work related to the development of such dischargers due to the lack of their analogues is due to the widespread use of capacitive energy storage devices as power sources for electrodynamics mass accelerators. At the present stage of development of science and technology, the use of such accelerators is the most promising for creating experimental stands for modeling in laboratory conditions the processes of high-speed interaction of aircraft structural elements with particles of different masses and different origins. According to the operating conditions of the experimental stands and a wide range of changes in both particle masses and interaction velocities, the amplitude values of currents through the low-inductive load of the mass accelerator vary from hundreds of kilo amperes to several million amperes at acceleration times from units to hundreds of microseconds. With this in mind, capacitive energy storage devices are made in a multi-module design. Each module is switched to the load by its own switch. To extend the range of operation of the drive, provide the required erosion resistance of the electrodes of the switch, the stability of the discharge formation at parallel operation of switches developed construction of a rail four-channel spark gap with the distortion field, experimental and theoretical study of the effect of the ratio of the geometric dimensions of the inter electrode gap for obtaining small values for the delay time of the discharge.

As a result of the research, it is shown that the value of the delay time tzap depends on the shape and diameter of the main electrodes, the material of the electrodes, the distance between the main and the control electrode, the threshold voltage, as well as the degree of inhomogeneity of the field in the inter electrode gap.

The obtained analytical expressions allow us to determine the values of threshold stresses and delay times, taking into account the statistical delay time and the time of discharge formation.

It is established that the value of the delay time is significantly affected by the field inhomogeneity coefficient and the configuration of the control electrode.

It is noted that when the operating voltage on the arrester exceeds the threshold voltage, the delay time of the switch lies in the nanosecond region.

The value of the threshold voltage Upor, at which the process of direct transformation of the streamer into a spark discharge with high conductivity, followed by a breakdown of the inter electrode gap, is determined.
A METHOD OF ECONOMICAL CONTROL OF A SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR WITHOUT A ROTOR POSITION SENSOR
Authors: Viktorov Ivan V. , Nikitin Vladimir M.
Published: March 2021

The article considers a method of economical speed control of synchronous motor with permanent magnet excitation using autonomous voltage inverter. The method provides stable (without tilting) rotation of the rotor without using the rotor position sensor signals. An algorithm, which realizes minimal losses in the machine and in the inverter, is proposed.

The assumption of insignificant influence of voltage drop in stator winding active resistance on processes in synchronous machine accepted in the analysis is confirmed by parameters of real motors from 7DVM series and results of the experiment. It is shown that the mode with cosφ = 1 differs little from the generally accepted mode with load angle θ = φ. The results of experimental verification of the method in electric drive with 7DVM250 motor of 150 kW power are presented, which showed high dynamic stability of the system in a wide range of speeds and loads and while maintaining the most economical energy exchange between the motor and inverter (that is with cosφ = 1).
DEVELOPMENT OF A CONTROL ALGORITHM DEVICE LOAD BALANCING DEVICE
Authors: Volkov Sergei V. , Garipov Ilsur Kh. , Orlov Aleksandr I. , Savelyev Aleksei A.
Published: March 2021

The work is devoted to improving the control algorithm of the load balancing device for 0.4 kV electrical mains that are in pilot operation. The action of the device is aimed at balancing the load at the nodal point of the electrical network, where several 3-phase outgoing lines are connected, by changing the connection diagram of the phases of one of them. The device is capable of realizing 6 combinations obtained by circular permutation and changing the phase rotation. The classification of analogs of the device according to the type of connection to the network is proposed. The technique of collection and processing of experimental data on the operation of the device is presented. Analysis of primary data shows that among the consumers there are powerful energy receivers with automatic two-position control. As a criterion for the expediency of one or another method of connecting the phases of the outgoing line to the phases of the source, the coefficient of non-uniformity of conductivities is taken. Strict observance of the condition of the minimum coefficient of unevenness is impossible in practice with the existing nature of the load due to the need for too frequent operation of the device. This and other limitations given in the work are the reason for the systematization of requirements for the device control algorithm, one of which is the need to filter the initial data before executing the main algorithm. The paper provides a rationale for the use of a digital IIR low-pass filter. Based on the frequency analysis of the curves of the conductivity unevenness coefficients, the filter design was carried out and the digital transfer function coefficients were calculated. A difference equation is determined that is suitable for implementation in the program for the control microcontroller of the device. The developed filter is universal and suitable for use in the control algorithm of a load balancing device of any power and for any type of load. The results of modeling the proposed filter are presented using the example of experimental data. The prospect of the research is the collection of statistics on various types of consumers, analysis of practical situations, in order to further refine the algorithm.
MODEL OF AN ADJUSTABLE ELECTROMAGNETIC GEARBOX WITH A THREE-PHASE STATOR WINDING IN THE STATE SPACE
Authors: Afanasyev Alexander A. , Genin Valeriy S. , Vatkin Vladimir A. , Ivanova Nadezhda N.
Published: March 2021

A magnetic gearbox with a three-phase stator winding, powered by a static frequency converter with a sinusoidal current, which is in phase or in antiphase with the EMF of the idling winding, will have in this mode the maximum values ​​of the electromagnetic moments of the shafts proportional to the stator current. Such a gearbox will have no “overturning” of the rotors as long as the frequency converter is able to increase its current with increasing load.

The electromagnetic moments of the rotors of the magnetic gear are a consequence of the presence of the electromagnetic moment of the stator. The electromagnetic moments of the rotors are rigidly related to the electromagnetic moment of the stator through constant coefficients.

A mathematical model of an adjustable magnetic gearbox with a three-phase stator winding and the results of modeling a dynamic system are presented. Offers the structure of the output shaft speed stabilization system, such as a wind turbine. The introduction of the main research results is illustrated.
RATIO OF COMMERCIAL ELECTRICITY LOSSES IN POWER NETWORKS BEFORE AND AFTER INSTALLATION OF INTELLIGENT METERING DEVICES
Authors: Mikheev Georgi M. , Ziganshin Ayrat G. , Mironov Dmitriy A.
Published: March 2021

Relative losses of electric power during transmission and distribution in electric networks are considered in the paper. The components of commercial losses of electric power and their structure are given. From the presented data of technical and commercial losses of some areas of power networks of «ПАО «MRSK of Volga» – «Chuvashenergo» following the results of one month 2020, calculated with the use of «RAP-Standard» program according to the statements of power sales, it follows that total losses are from 11,6 to 17%. By the example of two sections of power grid companies of PAO MRSK of Volga – Chuvashenergo and the Republic of Tatarstan a comparison of commercial losses before and after the installation of intelligent power metering devices was made. It is estimated that the difference in electric power losses after installation of «smart» electric meters at both sites of the above mentioned enterprises was significantly reduced: at one site from 14 to 5.1%, and at the other – from 17.3 to 9.4%. It is shown that specific losses after installation of intellectual metering devices in Verkhneuslonsky district settlement of JSC «Grid Company» Buinskie Power Networks per one metering device decreased by 19.7%.