bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Direct Marketing sebagai Strategi Komunikasi Pemasaran dalam Produk Pakaian "Embrio"
Authors: Fauzi Mufti
Published: June 2024

Abstract. This research begins with the growth of “Embrio”  distro to survive on the competition of clothing distro product with the marketing strategy that was initially conventional, then switch with direct marketing method using existing media channels. The purpose of this research is to know the interactivity of customer relationship, to know how “Embrio”  distro using media channel in direct marketing and know the pull factor and the impetus to do direct marketing as a means of promotion in marketing “Embrio”  distro. Theories used are Marketing Communication Theory, direct marketing and symbolic interaction. This research was conducted at “Embrio”  Clothing Distro at Plaza Parahyangan Bandung. And as key informant is the owner and an employee. This research uses a case study method with qualitative approach. And data collection techniques in this study are in-depth interviews, direct observation, and documentation. The results of ths research, in marketing efforts, “Embrio”  distro has done the stages of direct marketing as a marketing communication strategy as expected which is personal selling, servivec and layality as a communication strategy. In an effort to build relationships with customers, “Embrio”  distro perform several stages such as: prospecting, calling and sending messages to customers, marketing products and looking for potential customers by using facebook and Instagram also face to face directly, then, emerged patient and presentiment as wrong one intangible method Embryo distro, fostering persuasive relationships with customers, using social media phones as a marketing step to reach a price agreement and use Facebook, Instagram, Blackberry Messenger, whatsapp to support marketing activities
TOKENIZED ASSETS: DISPELLING THE MYTH OF THEIR ESSENCE FOR THE NEEDS OF REAL ECONOMY
Authors: Kud Aleksandr
Published: June 2024

The paper offers a generalized author’s view on the new phenomenon of the digital world, backed tokenized assets, as a tool for asset accounting in digital accounting systems. This view is new and currently unpopular in the literature since the main aspect of tokenized asset presentation is related to speculation on financial markets, widespread creation of unbacked assets around objects of human life, graphics, etc. The aim of the paper is to determine the essence, generic features and technological basis of the use of tokenized assets for their implementation in the digital and platform-based economy. In accordance with this aim, the author logically presents the material from the general to the specific, analyzing the essential features of 7 main related concepts: distributed ledger, distributed ledger technologies, blockchain technology, tokens and consensus algorithm, tokenized asset, decentralized information platform and blockchain-based ecosystem of services. The author persists in the opinion that a tokenized asset is a type of virtual asset. It is a tool for certifying sufficient and confirmed legal rights: rights of access to products and services, rights to a certain product or service, rights to receive a fixed income or percentage of profits, management rights, rights to purchase a certain asset at a certain price in the future, etc. The paper offers the original definition of a tokenized asset: tokenized asset is a type of virtual asset that exists in a digital data accounting system based on the distributed ledger technology in the form of a record with an identifier of information derived from the original asset. A tokenized asset can be used as a tool for implementing a method of recording, accounting and managing property rights to assets. Moreover, a tokenized asset can be used as a tool for certifying any rights; providing services; recording events; generating, processing and submitting statistical and analytical information; ensuring logistics, etc. Depending on the purpose of creating a specific tokenized asset and, as a result, certain inherent properties envisaged by the creator, this tokenized asset can be classified as a separate type.
PRIVATE BANKING & WEALTH MANAGEMENT MODERN PROBLEMS OF THE INDUSTRY. CUSTOMER REQUIREMENTS: IS THE INDUSTRY READY FOR A RESET.
Authors: Aleksandrov Alexey (Oleksii)
Published: June 2024

According to the experts' assessment, the modern Private Banking & Wealth Management industry is stagnating. The financial crisis, COVID-19 pandemic, powerful geopolitical changes have influenced the profitability of the industry and revealed the shortcomings that need to get the most serious attention. Challenges include decreasing trust and customer satisfaction with the service and profitability. The world of on-line technologies and digital finance makes demands on both bank employees and customers. Tough requirements from the regulators on the control of financial flows and the introduction of many restrictions, the emergence of new young generations in the market with inherent socio-psychological attitudes and consumer preferences, all this requires assessment by the banking system and adequate proactive response. The research is an analysis of modern challenges and at the same time a search for possible solutions to overcome the stagnation of the Private Banking & Wealth Management industry.
MODERN TRENDS IN PERSONAL INCOME TAXATION IN EU COUNTRIES AND UKRAINE
Authors: Novytska Nadiia , Shvabii Kostiantyn
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to personal income taxation is a significant tax instrument to reduce population inequality. Categorizes personal income tax in types: comprehensive income tax, dual income tax, and flat income tax. Gives an overview of the multifaceted factors driving personal income tax reforms in EU countries and Ukraine and demonstrating how they are adapting tax systems to meet the demands of the modern era.
DEVELOPING PROFESSIONAL DIGITAL COMPETENCIES FOR CRYPTOCURRENCY MARKET BEGINNERS (CASE STUDY OF ECONOMICS STUDENTS)
Authors: Danich Vitaly , Lutsenko Rostyslav
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this publication is to draw attention to the importance of forming digital competencies in new users of the cryptocurrency market. The relevance of this problem was determined and practical recommendations were provided. The methodological basis is a system-structural analysis of the essence of cryptocurrencies as digital assets; statistical and economic analysis of cryptocurrency market dynamics and own experience of working with cryptocurrencies. Various ways of storing cryptocurrency, some features of mining are considered. Attention was paid to various options for receiving cryptocurrencies for free, practical recommendations were provided. The materials of this publication can be recommended to users when working with crypto assets.
DEFERRED PAYMENT IN GOODS TRANSACTIONS WITH GOLD GUARANTEE (AN ISLAMIC LEGAL PERSPECTIVE)
Authors: Arifin Neli
Published: June 2024

This study aims to analyze deferred payment transactions in goods with a gold guarantee from the perspective of Islamic law. The research was conducted in Tebing Batu Village, Sebawi District, focusing on the understanding and practices of the community regarding such transactions. The research method employed was descriptive-analytical with a qualitative approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentary studies. The findings indicate that transactions involving deferred payment with a gold guarantee are a common practice in Tebing Batu Village. The community perceives it as an alternative allowing them to meet daily needs without immediate cash payment. However, there are diverse understandings and implementations related to Islamic legal aspects in these transactions. From the Islamic law perspective, transactions involving gold-backed deferred payments raise several considerations including principles of justice, freedom, and clarity in agreements. The study also explores scholars' views on the validity of such transactions according to Islamic jurisprudence. In conclusion, deferred payment transactions with a gold guarantee in Tebing Batu Village present complexities from the perspective of Islamic law. Therefore, a deep understanding and dialogue among the community, scholars, and government are necessary to ensure that these practices align with the values and principles of Islamic law cherished by the local community.
SUSTAINABILITY, CIRCULAR ECONOMY AND BIOECONOMY: A CONCEPTUAL REVIEW AND INTEGRATION INTO THE NOTION OF SUSTAINABLE CIRCULAR BIOECONOMY
Authors: Rojas-Serrano Fátima , Garcia-Garcia Guillermo , PARRA-LÓPEZ Carlos , SAYADI-GMADA Samir
Published: June 2024

National legislation and international regulations are pushing societies to become more sustainable while meeting socio-economic demands. People are becoming more aware of their environmental impact and want more sustainable products and processes. However, the terminology around sustainability, circular economy and bioeconomy can be unclear and there is confusion about their boundaries and interpretation. This article aims to contribute to the ongoing discourse within the scientific community by providing a clear and widely accepted definition of a sustainable circular bioeconomy, as well as insights and policy recommendations to facilitate its development into practice. The sustainable circular bioeconomy is combination of circular economy and bioeconomy concepts that can contribute toachieving sustainability. The adoption of this concept can significantly contribute to the achievement of sustainable development goals related to responsible consumption and production, industry, innovation and infrastructure, poverty reduction, social equity and environmental protection.
COVID 19 CRISIS: WHAT LESSONS ON THE ROLE OF THE INFORMAL ECONOMY IN THE TUNISIAN DATE VALUE CHAIN?
Authors: Loukil Faten , Rouached Lamia , El Hadad-Gauthier Fatima , HAMMOUDI Abdelhakim
Published: June 2024

The objective of this article is to revisit the debates around the role of the informal economy in the structuring of agricultural value chains. We are learning lessons from the Covid-19 crisis and the role played by the informal sector during this crisis in the Tunisian date sector. The crisis has revealed its fundamental role, particularly in commercial intermediation activities, which requires a rethinking of public policies aimed at eradicating the informal economy. We highlight the dilemmas that public authorities may face in their strategy for regulating informality. Radical strategies to eliminate this phenomenon would have the effect of paralyzing a certain number of transactions in the supply chain and increasing the vulnerability of formal actors. Conversely, a tolerant policy towards the informal economy could be risky in the long term and could compromise the sustainability of the sector. The paper gives recommendations for the gradual integration of the informal economy into the formal system based on both reducing incentives for the informal sector and strengthening the capacities of formal stakeholders to reduce their dependence on the informal sector.
Entre irmãos: adoção e imaginação em Julián Fuks, A Resistência (2015)
Authors: Welge Jobst
Published: June 2024

This article argues that in his autofictional novel A Resistência (2015) the Brazilian author Julian Fuks explores the affective and imaginative implications of family memory, namely with regard to his non-biological brother who had been adopted when his politically active parents fled the Argentine dictatorship for Brazil. The real parents of this unnamed brother have been among the ‘disappeared’ of the political state violence. The article shows how Fuks uses this very particular situation of family memory to explore the imaginary and hypothetical components that are integral both to the individual construction of the past and the affective bonds within a family.
Scham – ein Thema für die Mediation
Authors: Marks Stephan
Published: June 2024

Scham kann in jeder Begegnung, in jeder Arbeit mit Menschen akut werden. Insbesondere wenn Konflikte mit den dazugehörigen Schamgefühlen im Spiel sind wie in der Mediation. Für gelingende Mediationsprozesse ist es wichtig, dass Mediator*innen Scham erkennen und kompetent begleiten können.1
Demenz – eine besondere Herausforderung
Authors: Lamm Rita
Published: June 2024

Demenz ist in unserer alternden Gesellschaft ein Thema. Sie bringt meist über Jahre viele unterschiedliche Herausforderungen mit sich. Menschen mit Demenz leben oft lange Zeit zu Hause und doch in ihrer eigenen Welt. Daraus folgt, dass sie von ihrem Umfeld zeitlich eng betreut werden müssen und oft nicht verstanden werden. Konflikte und Spannungen sind vorprogrammiert. Eine geschulte Kommunikation und eine Elder Mediation können helfen, um alle Beteiligten zu entlasten.
Mit (Ohn-)Macht durch den Wandel
Authors: Borchard Ulrich
Published: June 2024

Betriebliche Veränderungsprozesse können schnell zu einem destruktiven Machtspiel werden. Manche wollen den Wandel mit Macht durchdrücken, andere leisten kräftig Widerstand, wieder andere fühlen sich machtlos ungewollten Nebenwirkungen ausgeliefert. Welche systemischen Aspekte sollten im Rahmen von Veränderungsprozessen mitbedacht werden, damit der Wandel möglichst konstruktiv verläuft? Drei Aspekte sind besonders relevant: Zusammenarbeit, Einstellungen und soziale Regeln im Unternehmen.
Diskriminierungsfreie Konfliktbearbeitung in Kommunen
Authors: Dörner Wolfgang , Kerber Imke
Published: June 2024

Mit der Kommunalen Konfliktberatung unterstützt das forumZFD Städte und Gemeinden in Deutschland bei der Bearbeitung von Konflikten hin zu einer friedlicheren und diskriminierungsfreien Gesellschaft. In der Arbeit mit kommunalen Akteur*innen ergeben sich aus dieser Zielsetzung oft Spannungsfelder. Wie sie diese erleben und welche Konsequenzen sie daraus ziehen, erläutern die Referent*innen für Beratungsprozesse Imke Kerber und Wolfgang Dörner.
Therapeutic pathways of allogeneic and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients: a hospital pharmacist’s perspective
Authors: Malnoe David , Lamande Timothé , Jouvance-Le Bail Alexia , Marchand Tony , Le Corre Pascal
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Patients undergoing allogeneic and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo-HSCT and Auto-HSCT) are at risk of pharmacotherapy-related problems.
Objective: To describe in Allo-HSCT and Auto-HSCT patients from admission to hospital discharge, their therapeutic profile, and the time-course of biomarkers of renal and liver dysfunction, and of inflammation to display a more specific overview of drug therapy in HSCT patients.
Method: Data were retrospectively extracted from the charts of 20 Allo-HSCT and 20 Auto-HSCT patients. The therapeutic pathway was described by the turn-over of drug treatments, the potentially inappropriate medications by using the GO-PIM scale, and the anticholinergic burden. Patho-physiological variations affecting clearance organs were characterized by the C-Reactive Protein (CRP) levels, and the hepatic and renal impairment evaluation tools (Model for End-stage Liver Disease score: MELD score, and glomerular filtration rate: GFR).
Results: Compared to Auto-HSCT patients, Allo-HSCT patients had a higher number of drugs initiated during hospital stay leading to hyper-polypharmacy during the stay and at discharge. Around 35 % of drugs used were metabolized by CYP3A4 in HSCT patients. Anticholinergic burden increased at discharge in HSCT patients. Auto-HSCT patients ≥ 65 years were taking at least one PIM. High CRP levels were reported in HSCT recipients. MELD score increased and GFR decreased in Allo-HSCT patients while GFR slightly increased in Auto-HSCT patients.
Conclusion: Clinical pharmacist should target polypharmacy, PIM and anticholinergic burden, and evaluate inflammation and both renal and hepatic functions in order to thoughtfully assess the clearance potential of patients and to suggest individualized dosing.
Antibiofilm properties of garlic (Allium sativum) and its interaction with methicillin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Bagde Bhatwalkar Sushma , Mondal Rajesh , Anupam Rajaneesh
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Garlic (Allium sativum) is a popular food spice worldwide with many health benefits. Garlic and its products have been used to treat various infections in traditional medicine in India, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia. Garlic and its organosulphur compounds have antibacterial properties against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), but the antibiofilm property and interaction with methicillin have been relatively unexplored. Biofilm formation is crucial in MRSA infections, one of the most common nosocomial infections.
Method: The antibacterial activity fresh garlic extract (FGE) against MRSA was evaluated by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and zone of inhibition using microdilution and well diffusion assays respectively. Microtiter plate crystal violet assay and scanning electron microscopy was use to evaluate the antibiofilm activity of FGE against MRSA.
Results: Sub-MIC concentrations of FGE significantly reduce methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and MRSA biofilm formation. Scanning electron microscopy analysis suggests that FGE reduces the attachment of MSSA and MRSA. Diallyl sulphide, one of the organosulphur compounds of garlic, inhibited the biofilm formation of MSSA and MRSA. Sub-MIC concentration of FGE also sensitized MRSA to methicillin, completely inhibiting MRSA growth when used in combination. Similar effects were noticed when FGE was combined with other β-lactam antibiotics to which MRSA was resistant.
Conclusions: The study validates garlic as an antibacterial agent in ethnomedicine through scientific evidence. Garlic and its organosulphur compounds are potential antibiofilm agents against MRSA. Moreover, garlic could be potentially used as a complementary or alternative medicine to treat infections caused by drug-resistant bacteria such as MRSA.
Travel in al-Ḍāhirī’s Sefer ha-musar: Between Reality and Imagination
Authors: Sharqawy Haitham M. , Katsumata Naoya
Published: June 2024

This article meticulously and systematically analyzes travel accounts appearing in al-Ḍāhirī’s Sefer ha-musar (Book of adab), which is divided into forty-five maqāmāt, written in rhymed prose and according to the literary rules of the Arabic and Hebrew Maqama genres. The theme of travel forms a large portion of this sixteenth-century Yemenite book, as it depicts the protagonist’s travels among several countries and regions in the East. Through such descriptions, some details about the places he visited are given, with special attention and significance being paid to Jerusalem and other holy places in Palestine. Some scholars and historians have utilized these literary passages as reliable historical sources to understand the period. By comparing al-Ḍāhirī with other Arabic and Hebrew Maqama authors with reference to authentic historical documents, this article tackles, in a comprehensive manner, the question of reality and imagination in his travel accounts.
Physical Means and Trading Network of Onrust in the 17th and 18th Centuries
Authors: Yazril Azkar Razaan , Wijaya Daya Negri
Published: June 2024

This research aims to examine the physical facilities and trade networks on Onrust Island in the 17th-18th centuries. Onrust Island is a small island located in Batavia Bay (Jakarta) and has an important role in the history of trade in the Dutch East Indies. This research uses historical research methods through heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The research results show that Onrust has adequate physical facilities to support VOC trading operations, such as shipyards, warehouses, and commodity processing facilities. In the 17th century, Onrust also became Batavia's first defense center. In the 18th century, ship repair activities at Onrust began to decline due to the VOC's financial difficulties. However, Onrust remained an important post in the VOC trade network in the archipelago. This island became a stopover for the VOC trade fleet from various ports in Java and its surroundings. Products such as spices, wood, salt and others stopped at Onrust before being distributed further by the VOC. Thus, Onrust played an integral role in the VOC's maritime trade network in the archipelago in the 17th and 18th centuries through the infrastructure and logistics support it provided.
From "Expanding Government Influence" to "A Digital Community with a Shared Future" - Agenda-setting Strategies for China's Participation in the Construction of International Institutions in the Digital Space
Authors: Li Yan
Published: June 2024

International agenda setting is the initial and key stage of the creation of international institutions. This paper constructs an analytical framework that includes three elements: institutional platform, agenda setting, means and capabilities. Using methods such as historical institutionalism, text analysis, institutional comparison, and case study, this paper studies the agenda setting strategies in the four paths of China's participation in the construction of international institutions in the digital space. This paper holds that the agenda setting in the four paths has a relationship of inheritance and development, and the autonomy is gradually improved. Specific means of advancing the agenda are limited by institutional platforms; the effect is still not obvious, so the idea should be further improved and the means optimized. Keywords: digital space governance, agenda setting, network sovereignty, a digital community with a shared future
Analysis of Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) to Reduce Aggressive Behavior in Adolescents: Literature Study
Authors: Ade Putra Anugrah , Fitri Susi , Marjo Happy Karlina
Published: June 2024

The surge in aggressive conduct among Indonesian teenagers is becoming more alarming, as highlighted by statistics from the National Commission on Violence Against Women in 2020, showing a 75% rise compared to the previous year (Press Release from the National Commission on Violence Against Women, 2020). The goal of this literature review is to discover prior research investigating the efficacy of Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) in diminishing aggressive conduct.  The method used is literature study by searching for articles in databases such as Google Scholar, Science Direct and Bantu AI Connected Paper, with keywords in English. There were 6 articles that met the inclusion criteria, all of which had an effect on reducing aggressive behavior in adolescents.
The Role of Self-Control in Overcoming Ethical Challenges in the Development of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Husna Rahmatul , Ramadhani Suci , A’yun Qurrotu
Published: June 2024

The development of artificial intelligence has become a primary focus in various technological fields. However, the ethical challenges associated with this development cannot be ignored. In this context, self-control plays a crucial role in addressing these ethical challenges. Self-control involves an ability to monitor and regulate their behavior and decisions. In the development of artificial intelligence, self-control enables developers to monitor how technology is used and ensure that it is used ethically. The purpose of this study is to investigate and examine how self-control plays a role in addressing the challenges that are likely to occur in the ethical scope caused by the ongoing development of artificial intelligence from time to time, so that we do not get drawn into the negative influence of artificial intelligence or Artificial Intelligence (AI). This study was conducted through a literature review. The results show that self-control plays a crucial role in addressing ethical challenges in the development of artificial intelligence, as self-control is necessary in the use and development of artificial intelligence because it has the ability to understand the ethical implications of decisions made, ensuring that decisions made by artificial intelligence systems can be understood and tracked, and having clear documentation on how artificial intelligence makes decisions and who is responsible for those decisions.
A graduate of the Mining Institute — an outstanding scientist-geologist, academician Pavel Ivanovich Melnikov (1908—1994)
Authors: Mokeev Anton
Published: June 2024

This article is devoted to the biography of the famous Russian engineer-geologist, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences, doctor of geological and mineralogical sciences - Pavel Ivanovich Melnikov. He is known as one of the founders of permafrost science. P.I. Melnikov was the founder and successful head of the Permafrost Institute of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences from 1961 to 1987. He was also elected President of the International Permafrost Association. He held this position from 1983 to 1988. Professor Pavel Melnikov made a huge contribution to the development of domestic and world geocryological science. His name is associated with such important events for our country as: the opening of the Yakutsk artesian basin, scientific and technical support for the construction of the Vilyui hydroelectric power station and the Baikal-Amur mainline, as well as participation in the development of a unique international project (Russia - USA) for the construction of a railway with a tunnel under the Bering strait. Thanks to the scientific developments of P.I. Melnikov in the USSR, projects for the construction of roads, gas pipelines and buildings in difficult permafrost zones were successfully implemented, the development of oil and gas fields in the northern regions of our country was improved.
The Convergence of Arts and Computational Culture: Physical and Virtual Domains
Authors: Bowen Jonathan P. , Giannini Tula
Published: June 2024

A significant transformation is providing a defining moment in the 21st century, propelled by the convergence of computational culture, artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning (ML). This coming together is sparking a revolutionary phase for arts and culture, with the potential to influence human existence and global society profoundly. The rise of the Metaverse, characterized by extended reality (XR) and related immersive virtual environments, holds considerable promise. With these advancements, the boundaries between reality and virtuality are merging like never before. A new book aims to be among the pioneering works exploring the context, intricacy, and ramifications of this multifaceted phenomenon comprehensively. It strives to engage readers intimately while presenting a comprehensive viewpoint. As digital culture evolves into computational culture, we find ourselves in a digital era transitioning from two-dimensional to three-dimensional realms. Traditional flat displays of the Internet and smartphones are evolving into immersive digital landscapes. Simultaneously, new technologies and AI are increasingly being incorporated into various aspects of daily life, including the domains of arts and education. This paper presents an overview of the book, covering these various aspects of the arts and computational culture.
Forms of Modernization and its Impact on Economy
Authors: Sharma Janardan
Published: June 2024

This article is concentrated on the study of modernization, its forms and positive and negative impact over the economy of the country. Modernization is the process of societal development from a traditional to a modern society. It symbolizes a process of economical and cultural change of the nation. In modernization society tries to innovate and utilize its present and old knowledge, patterns, techniques and resources. Modernization has positive as well as negative effect on cultural, political and economic life of the people. Based on descriptive and analytical method, this study explores the concept and practice of modernization on a global scale. It delves into the various forms modernization and further analyzes the impact of modernization on both social structures and economic systems. Finally, the article also looks at the challenges that come with modernization. Modernization theory divides the whole global into two parts: north and south. The rich western countries known as North and poor countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America are known as South. The modernization theory explains the development and change in the south countries are influenced by the patterns of development of North. The country economy and culture are always dynamic. It is influenced by external development trends such change is directed by the development of physical infrastructure, information technology, education, ideology of northern countries. Therefore the country’s economy and culture are gradually influenced by the developed nation and move from traditional to modern.
Increasing Use of Junk Food in Nepalese Society
Authors: Singh Daman Bahadur
Published: June 2024

Foods that are high in calories, salt, sugar and fat, but protein, vitamins and minerals are almost zero are considered as junk foods Such foods include pizza, burgers, chowmein, bakery items, fried plain roasted food, and highly used foods with food colors and flavors. The use of such foods has increased tremendously in Nepali society. As a result, at an early age, sugar, blood pressure, heart related diseases, kidney related problems, digestive problems, obesity related problems are appearing in Nepalis. In order to solve the health problems caused by the excessive use of junk food in Nepali society, it has become necessary to implement a clear policy to limit the consumption of junk food atthe national level.
Anxiety and depression among senior citizens of Pokhara Metropolitan, Kaski, Nepal: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Gurung Sunita , Thapa Bindu , Silwal Muna
Published: June 2024

Introduction: A decrease in physical and cognitive functioning, and poor social relationship makes older people more vulnerable to anxiety and depression. The objective of this study was to assess anxiety and depression among senior citizens of Pokhara metropolitan city, Kaski, Nepal.
Methods: A cross-sectional comparative research design was adopted to assess anxiety and depression among senior citizens residing in an old age home and at their own home. An old age home in Pokhara was randomly selected and samples were selected using census method from that center. Then, an equal number of participants were selected from a randomly selected ward of Pokhara i.e. ward no 17 who were living in their own homes using a convenience sampling technique. Structured standard tools like Anxiety Scale-10 (ADS-10) and Geriatric Depression Scale- short version (GDS-15) were used for data collection and the data were collected using the interview technique. Descriptive statistics (mean, frequency, percentage, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (chi-square test and independent t-test) were used.
Results: Among 80 respondents, 30.00% had severe anxiety symptoms, 16.25% had moderate anxiety symptoms, 62.50% of respondents had suggestive depression symptoms and 10.00% had no depression. Anxiety level was significantly associated with their status of living (p=0.045) and having comorbidity (p=0.027). Depression level was significantly associated with work status (p=0.036) and having co-morbidity (p=0.013).
Conclusions: Nearly half of the respondents had anxiety symptoms whereas one-third had depression symptoms. Senior citizens living in old age homes reported more symptoms of anxiety and depression than those who were living in their own homes. It is necessary to address the psychological aspects of the elderly and manage them holistically.
Prevalence of anxiety among pre-clinical medical students: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Banstola Sanju , Lamichhane Sabina
Published: June 2024

Introduction: A major worldwide health problem, anxiety disorders have detrimental morbidity and death rates. Thestudy aimed to assess the status of generalized anxiety disorder and its association with related explanatory variablesamong medical college.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among MBBS students of Gandaki Medical College studying in 1st and 2nd years using a self-administered questionnaire. The study was conducted from February 14 to 28, 2024. The study used a scale to measure anxiety levels using a 4-point Likert-scale Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) with scores ranging from minimal 0 to maximum 21 Chi-square tests were applied at a 5% level of significance to find out the association of anxiety categories with respondents’ characteristics.
Results: Out of 100 total respondents, 51% of the respondents were male, 41% were at age of 20 or below, and 94% were from the Hindu religion. Of total, over 25% of respondents reported daily nervousness, anxiety, and worry, while 31% experienced excessive worry and 25% experienced easily annoyed or irritable symptoms. The study found that 67% had generalized anxiety disorder including 27% had mild anxiety, 17% had moderate anxiety, and 23% had severe anxiety. Out of the total 21 scores, the GAD score in the study was found to have a mean score of 8.86. In addition, the study found a significant association of respondents’ sex and screen time with anxiety, but no significant association was found with age, academic year, caste, family type, or sleep hour.
Conclusions: This study highlights a relatively higher level of generalized anxiety disorder among medical students, emphasizing the need for early detection, preventative measures, and treatment programs to improve their quality of life.
Further investigation of perturbations in FLRW space-time
Authors: Dhungel Prem Raj , Sharma Sanat Kumar , Khanal Uday Raj
Published: June 2024

The solutions of perturbation equations in FLRW spacetime were further analysed for indications of structure formation. The radial and angular parts of the wavefunction reveal various possibilities of spatial and angular sizes in terms of quantum numbers ω, k, l and m. They offer slightly contrasting results for the three cases of the closed, open and flat universes including for each of all the 3 modes of perturbations – scalar, vectorial and tensorial. It is seen that the structures of large scales are more compact in the closed case, slightly diffuse in the flat one. Also structures of different sizes are more probable in the open case.
Activated carbon derived from coffee waste as supercapacitor electrode material
Authors: Khadka Omkar , Lawaju Umesh , Koju Sunil , Rai Ram Chandra , Nakarmi Mim Lal , Joshi Prakash
Published: June 2024

Activated carbon prepared from waste coffee (seed powder) was investigated as a potential low-cost electrode material for supercapacitors. Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) of the activated carbon detected the presence of a high amount of carbon (~93.9%) and oxygen (~5.2%). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated the presence of graphitic carbon whereas Raman spectra showed a slightly greater content of amorphous carbon than graphitic carbon. Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm of the activated carbon revealed that most of the pores in the activated carbon were micropores. The dominant pore width calculated from the Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of the activated carbon were measured to be 1.61 nm and 825.5 m2g-1, respectively. The electrochemical characterization was performed by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge test in 3 M KOH electrolyte. The activated carbon electrode obtained a specific capacitance of 113.81 F g-1 at 1 A g-1. Thus, activated carbon from waste coffee could be a promising low-cost electrode material for supercapacitors.
Photocatalytical Degradation of Methyl Orange using laboratory prepared Copper Oxide photocatalyst
Authors: Rajbhandari Nyachhyon Armila , Neupane Gobinda
Published: June 2024

Copper oxide materials have been successfully synthesized by the chemical precipitation method using copper nitrate, sodium hydroxide and sodium lauryl sulphate. As prepared materials were characterized by using XRD and FTIR. The XRD data reveals that as prepared CuO is crystalline in nature. The particle size of the material was found to be approximately 10 nm indicating nano-sized particle. Photocatalytic efficiency of CuO nanoparticle was then studied. In this study, methyl orange (MO) was used as model dye pollutant. The MO degradation rate using CuO photocatalyst was studied at different pH condition, varying time of UV irradiation, variation of catalyst dose. Results revealed that the optimum pH was found to be 3 and optimum time was found to be 150 min using optimum dose of 0.05g under UV light irradiation in presence of H2O2 in MO dye solution. The rate constant of MO degradation was found to be 0.0099 min-1 indicating good rate of reaction which was in agreement with literature value 0.0089 min-1.
Challenges of Teaching and Learning Writing Skills in Nepalese English Classes
Authors: Bhandari Bhim Lal
Published: June 2024

Writing is one of the important language skills that most language learners want to acquire to write effectively in different contexts. It is to be mastered in learning English as a foreign language as it is a challenging task and the mastery of the English language. This article aims to explore the English language teachers' and students' challenges with teaching and learning writing skills in Nepali English classes of Nepal. To achieve the objective of the study, I used a survey research design. I selected eighty respondents (twenty teachers and sixty students) randomly from ten public schools in Rupandehi, Nepal. Two sets of closed-ended questionnaires with 24 items were used as a major technique to collect data about teaching and learning writing in terms of problems. The findings of the study showed that the majority of school students faced challenges in learning writing skills due to a lack of vocabulary, difficulties with syntax, unethical spelling and punctuation, lack of exposure and motivation, an adverse family environment, and incompetence in arranging phrases and paragraphs. Similarly, the majority of the teachers faced challenges in motivating the students, and preparing suitable activities for different writing tasks in the class. The results of this study can aid in understanding the difficulties that teachers and students have while teaching and learning writing skills.
Gender and Digital Engagement in Panchkhal Municipality, Kavre, Nepal
Authors: Rawal Sunil
Published: June 2024

Correction: On 16th July 2024, the title of this article was changed from "Gender and Digital Engagement in Dhulikel Nepal" TO "Gender and Digital Engagement in Panchkhal Municipality, Kavre, Nepal".
The purpose of this research is to delve into the detailed performance between the gender and digital participation in Panchkhal Municipality, which is located in the developing tech realm of Kavre District. The research investigates the subtle relationship between gender and digital dimensions, including self-rated digital literacy, internet habits, online safety mindfulness, and the desire to improve digital prowess. This research uses a combination of methods to access data from a field survey conducted within Panchkhal Municipality. This survey includes a wide range of participants, recording their gender preferences and digital behaviors. It also used quantitative analysis, primarily the Pearson Chi-Square test, to identify significant connections between gender and the examined digital factors. This method provides empirical support for a more nuanced sociological perspective on gender's role in forming digital interactions. The findings reveal intriguing patterns: gender has no influence on self-rated digital competence levels, but it does have a significant influence on internet use patterns, online safety awareness, and the desire to improve one's skills. These differences reveal gendered sections within tech engagement, implying that genders share inclinations while also having distinct choices, susceptibilities, and aspirations. Beyond the numbers, our research emphasizes the importance of fostering all-encompassing digital literacy initiatives that take gender differences into account. Furthermore, we advocate for just technological ecosystems while acknowledging the complex dance of norms in society, gender personas, and tech behavior. This study adds to our sociological understanding of how gender presents on the digital canvas by unraveling gender- infused threads interwoven into digital interaction. These insights transcend academia, guiding us to craft actions and policies that shape a more equitable, inclusive digital future in Panchkhal Municipality, Kavre Palanchowk district and beyond.
Implementasi IOT Dalam Sistem Monitoring Kualitas Air Menggunakan Platform Blynk Dan Googlesheet
Authors: Ananda Putra Hafish , Rosano Andi
Published: June 2024

Data Badan Pusat Statistik tahun 2021 sebanyak 10.683 desa di Indonesia mengalami pencemaran air. Diperlukan pemantauan untuk mengantisipasi terjadinya pencemaran air dan juga memastikan sumber air memenuhi standar kesehatan yang berlaku. Bertujuan untuk menjaga sumber air di masyarakat mampu memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat. Karena beresiko terjadinya krisis air bersih akibat banyaknya sumber air yang tercemar. Perancangan alat sistem monitoring kualitas air berbasis IoT dengan mikrokontroler ESP32 berdasarkan parameter tingkat kekeruhan, tingkat padatan yang terlarut dan tingkat keasaman atau basa dari air. Mekanisme sistem monitoring ialah dengan pengambilan data oleh sensor yang kemudian diproses oleh mikrokontroler dan dikirimkan ke server untuk ditampilkan secara online dan terekam riwayat pemantauan yang diakses dari smartphone. Hasil percobaan sensor dan komunikasi data yang dilakukan, menunjukkan bahwa sistem berjalan sesuai dengan rencana dan mampu melakukan pendeteksian secara akurat. Alat monitoring kualitas air mampu mendeteksi dengan tingkat error dibawah 10%. Data berhasil diintegrasikan terhadap platform Blynk dan Google spreadsheet dengan update data setiap 30 detik. Pada pengembangan selanjutnya Semakin banyak parameter yang dipantau maka tingkat keamanan dari sumber air semakin baik. Untuk meningkatkan performa pemantauan sumber air dilakukan dengan membuat beberapa titik pemantauan dalam jarak tertentu sehingga dapat dilacak area sungai yang terindikasi mengalami perubahan kondisi secara signifikan.
Sistem Informasi Berbasis Website Menggunakan Framework Laravel
Authors: Affif Valensyah Fachri , Irnawati Oky
Published: June 2024

Toko Simpang Raya merupakan usaha yang bergerak dibidang perniagaan, yaitu menjual jenis pakaian. Toko Simpang Raya tidak memproduksi barang melainkan menjual produk kepada pelanggan. Salah satu kekurangan Toko Simpang Raya adalah sistem penjualan dan pendataan yang masih melakukan cara manual, Toko Simpang Raya juga tidak memiliki situs penjualan online dan tidak adanya sebuah pemesanan dan penjualan inovatif yang menjelaskan secara detail produk-produk yang tersedia. Hal itu dapat menyebabkan kesalahan dalam melakukan pencatatan transaksi penjualan dan kesulitan dalam melakukan pengecekan stok barang yang tersedia. Dengan dibangunnya sistem informasi berbasis website menggunakan framework laravel menjadi solusi untuk permasalahan tersebut. Laravel merupakan framework dengan bahasa pemrograman PHP yang memiliki banyak fitur dan sangat membantu developer dalam membangun sebuah aplikasi berbasis web. Metode pengembangan sistem yang di gunakan adalah waterfall yang secara sistematis dan terurut membangun sistem mulai dari tahap analisis, desain, coding, testing/verification, dan maintenance. Sistem Informasi Penjualan Toko Simpang Raya dapat membantu pemilik usaha dalam aspek penjualan dan pendataan yang terdapat pada Toko Simpang Raya.
Fenološka svojstva listanja i zadržavanja listova crnih topola (Populus nigra L.) u klonskom arhivu u Žepču
Authors: Memišević Hodžić Mirzeta , Ballian Dalibor
Published: June 2024

Crna topola (Populus nigra L.) je jedna od najznačajnijih europskih vrsta drveća koja nastanjuje aluvijalna staništa uz obale velikih rijeka. U Bosni i Hercegovini postoji značajan neiskorišten zemljišni potencijal pogodan za reintrodukciju autohtonih crnih topola, kao i podizanje intenzivnih i ekstenzivnih nasada hibridnih i američkih crnih topola. Cilj ovoga istraživanja je utvrditi početak i završetak fenoloških faza listanja, kao i zimsko zadržavanje lista, što će pomoći pri selekciji pogodnih klonova autohtonih crnih topola za reintrodukciju na određenom lokalitetu i za određene mikroklimatske uvjete u svrhu očuvanja autohtonog genofonda, te klonova hibridnih topola za osnivanje plantaža u Bosni i Hercegovini.
Istaživan je materijal 161 klona autohtonih crnih topola iz 26 populacija iz slivova 6 rijeka, te 11 klonova proizvodnih hibridnih topola (euro-američke ili kanadske) i američkih crnih topola. Klonovi se nalaze u klonskom arhivu u Žepču, koji je podignut 2006. godine. Promatrana je fenologija listanja i to od 14.3.- 22.4.2019. godine i to u šest fenoloških faza 0 - uspavani pupoljak, 1 – napukli pup, 2 – probijanje pupa, 3 – pup otvoren, listovi skupljeni, 4 – listovi se razdvajaju, 5 – listovi potpuno razvijeni). Zadržavanje lista praćeno je od 30.8.-4.11.2019. godine i ocjenjivano u tri kategorije: 1 - prisutni svi listovi na stablu, 2 - 50% listova je preostalo na stablu, 3 – nema preostalih listova na stablu. Efektivna duljina vegetacijske sezone definirana je kao vrijeme između pojavljivanja faze pucanja pupova (ocjena 3) i ocjena opadanja lišća 2 (tj. kada je 50% lišća ostalo na stablu).
Analiza varijance pokazala je statistički značajne razlike između klonova iz različitih populacija za duljinu trajanja fenoloških faza listanja. Fenološka faza 1 (napukli pupovi) najranije se javila 14.3. a faza 5 (potpuno otvoreni listovi) najranije 8.4. Rezultati zadržavanja listova pokazuju da su 4.11. svi klonovi u klonskom arhivu odbacili list 100%. Najkraću efektivnu duljinu vegetacijskog perioda imali su klonovi populacije Bugojno (154 dana), a najdužu klonovi Populus boleana i Populus nigra var. italica te klonovi populacija Čapljina (sliv rijeke Neretve); Dobrinje, Visoko, Babina rijeka, Maglaj, Doboj (sliv rijeke Bosne); Kopači i Tegare (sliv rijeke Drine).
Rezultati istraživanja su značajni za odabir klonova sa boljom prilagodbom na uvjete staništa, te obnovu i uporabu klonskog reprodukcijskog materijala crnih topola u Bosni i Hercegovini.
Evaluación científica en Ciencias Sociales: explorando horizontes desde la tecnociencia como fenómeno social
Authors:   Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Roelvis Ortiz-Núñez
Published: June 2024

The science evaluation has generated debates and tensions in the scientific and academic community, especially in the Social Sciences field. This study aims to reflect on the topic from the perspective of technoscience as a social phenomenon and the alternative model of technoscience proposed by Latour, based on a critical review of the science evaluation in Latin America. A systematic review of the literature was carried out, with a qualitative approach to analyze criticisms and alternative proposals in scientific evaluation practices, with special emphasis on Social Sciences. The analysis identified criticisms and limitations in the evaluation processes. The proposal is based on techno-scientific changes that allow an effective integration between the knowledge production in Social Sciences and society, promoting quality, relevance, epistemological diversity and active participation of the academic and social community in scientific research.