bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contemporary Ribonomics Methods for Viral microRNA Target Analysis
Authors: Gay Lauren A. , Turner Peter C. , Renne Rolf
Published: November 2018

Numerous cellular processes are regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs), both cellular and viral. Elucidating the targets of miRNAs has become an active area of research. An important method in this field is cross-linking and immunoprecipitation (CLIP), where cultured cells or tissues are UV-irradiated to cross-link protein and nucleic acid, the RNA binding protein of interest is immunoprecipitated, and the RNAs pulled down with the protein are isolated, reverse-transcribed, and analyzed by sequencing. CLIP using antibody against Argonaute (Ago), which binds to both miRNA and mRNA as they interact in RISC, has allowed researchers to uncover a large number of miRNA targets. Coupled with high-throughput sequencing, CLIP has been useful for revealing miRNA targetomes for the γ-herpesviruses Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Variants on the CLIP protocol are described, with the benefits and drawbacks of each. In particular, the most recent methods involving RNA–RNA ligation to join the miRNA and its RNA target have aided in target identification. Lastly, data supporting biologically meaningful interactions between miRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are reviewed. In summary, ribonomics-based miRNA targetome analysis has expanded our understanding of miRNA targeting and has provided a rich resource for EBV and KSHV research with respect to pathogenesis and tumorigenesis.
DTM-Aided Adaptive EPF Navigation Application in Railways
Authors: Jin Chengming , Cai Baigen , Wang Jian , Kealy Allison
Published: November 2018

The diverse operating environments change GNSS measurement noise covariance in real time, and different GNSS techniques hold different measurement noise covariance as well. Mismodelling the covariance causes undependable filtering results and even degenerates the GNSS/INS Particle Filter (PF) process, due to the fact that INS error-state noise covariance is much smaller than that of GNSS measurement noise. It also makes the majority of existing methods for adaptively adjusting filter parameters incapable of performing well. In this paper, a feasible Digital Track Map-aided (DTM-aided) adaptive extended Kalman particle filter method is introduced in GNSS/INS integration in order to adjust GNSS measurement noise covariance in real time, and the GNSS down-direction offset is also estimated along with every sampling period through making full use of DTM information. The proposed approach is successfully examined in a railway environment, and the on-site experimental results reveal that the adaptive approach holds better positioning performance in comparison to the methods without adaptive adjustment. Improvements of 62.4% and 14.9% in positioning accuracy are obtained in contrast to Standard Point Positioning (SPP) and Precise Point Positioning (PPP), respectively. The proposed adaptive method takes advantage of DTM information and is able to automatically adapt to complex railway environments and different GNSS techniques.
Performic Acid Controls Better Clostridium tyrobutyricum Related Bacteria than Peracetic Acid
Authors: Mora Maximilian , Veijalainen Anna-Maria , Heinonen-Tanski Helvi
Published: November 2018

Clostridia are anaerobic spore-forming bacteria, which degrade carbohydrates to butyric acid, carbon dioxide, hydrogen and other compounds. These bacteria are commonly found in feces of ruminants, from where they can enter to udders and milk via manure or fodder. This study was done to find a sustainable sanitation method to control the resistant clostridial spores as they are difficult to control in the food processing industry. Clostridia spoil cheeses and other dairy products, and thereby increase the carbon footprint of products and cause economical losses in the dairy industry. The efficacy of two organic peroxides; peracetic acid (PAA) and performic acid (PFA) was tested against 30 clostridia strains isolated from cattle slurry, silage, or spoiled cheeses. PAA, at a concentration of 220 mg L−1, only eliminated 6/30 clostridia strains, whereas PFA totally eliminated 26/30 clostridia strains at a concentration of 120 mg L−1. PFA therefore seems to be a more potent disinfectant than the more commonly used PAA. PFA is an effective disinfectant against Clostridium tyrobutyricum and other resistant clostridia at 120 mg L−1 for 5–10 min contact time at room temperature.
Scaling Trends of Electric Vehicle Performance: Driving Range, Fuel Economy, Peak Power Output, and Temperature Effect
Authors: Jung Heejung , Silva Rebecca , Han Michael
Published: November 2018

This study investigated scaling trends of commercially available light-duty battery electric vehicles (BEVs) ranging from model year 2011 to 2018. The motivation of this study is to characterize the status of BEV technology with respect to BEV performance parameters to better understand the limitations and potentials of BEV. The raw data was extracted from three main sources: INL (Idaho National Laboratory) website, EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) Fuel Economy website, and the websites BEV manufacturers and internet in general. Excellent scaling trends were found between the EPA driving range per full charge of a battery and the battery capacity normalized by vehicle weight. In addition, a relatively strong correlation was found between EPA city fuel economy and vehicle curb weight, while a weak correlation was found between EPA highway fuel economy and vehicle curb weight. An inverse power correlation was found between 0–60 mph acceleration time and peak power output from battery divided by vehicle curb weight for 10 BEVs investigated at INL. Tests done on the environmentally controlled chamber chassis dynamometer at INL show that fuel economy drops by 19 ± 5% for the summer driving condition with air conditioner on and 47 ± 7% for the winter driving condition.
Étude minéralogique et géochimique de la série sédimentaire oligocène du Velay
Authors: Gabis Victor
Published: November 2018

La première partie de cette étude concerne la minéralogie des sédiments oligocènes lacustres du Velay. Après avoir rappelé la constitution du socle cristallin sur lequel se sont déposés les sédiments oligocènes, on étudie en détail les minéraux présents dans les différentes assises sédimentaires. Plusieurs unités sédimentaires sont distinguées : 1) les dépôts périphériques, riches en quartz, feldspaths, montmorillonite, illite et kaolinite, 2) les dépôts de la zone centrale du bassin, où l'on distingue : un niveau inférieur, à quartz, feldspaths, illite et kaolinite, un niveau moyen, formé essentiellement d'illite et de calcite, parfois même d'illite pure, un niveau supérieur, enfin, composé de carbonates, de minéraux argileux, de pyrite et parfois de gypse. Les minéraux de ces différentes unités sédimentaires sont comparés entre eux. Leurs propriétés et leurs conditions de genèse sont discutées.

La deuxième partie de ce travail est consacrée à la géochimie des sédiments oligocènes du Velay. L'abondance et la répartition de 18 éléments chimiques (Si, Ti, Al, Fe, Mn, Mg, Ca, K, Na, Li, B, P, Sr, Ba, V, Cr, Co, Ni) sont étudiées d'une part dans les différentes assises sédimentaires, d'autre part en fonction de la nature lithologique des sédiments : sables, argiles, marnes. Les résultats obtenus montrent que la distribution des éléments est liée principalement à la nature des minéraux.

L'étude géochimique révèle aussi des relations de proportionnalité entre l'abondance de certains éléments et celle d'autres éléments. 19 corrélations linéaires directes entre éléments chimiques sont mises en évidence dans les sédiments étudiés. La plupart de ces corrélations peuvent s'expliquer par des variations d'abondance des argiles et par des rapports de concentrations des éléments sensiblement constants au sein de ces argiles. Une seule corrélation est liée aux sables.

La dernière partie de cette étude montre que la nature et l'ordre des dépôts sédimentaires lacustres du Velay correspondent à un cycle sédimentaire complet : sables à la base, ensuite argiles, oxydes et hydroxydes, puis carbonates, enfin minéraux de milieu réducteur et évaporites.
Étude cristallographique d'un oxyde double de tantale et de strontium
Authors: Gasperin Madeleine
Published: November 2018

Un nouvel oxyde double de tantale et de strontium, SrO,2Ta₂O₄ a été obtenu par synthèse en cristaux uniques.

Son étude cristallographique montre qu'il fait partie des niobates et tantalates du type bronze de tungstène.

On établit une comparaison avec l'oxyde PbTa₂O₆.
Forme d'équilibre et forme de croissance des cristaux
Authors: Honigmann B.
Published: November 2018

Il est expliqué que les faces planes des formes de croissance sont celles des formes d'équilibre. Les aires des faces dans les deux formes ne peuvent pas concorder. Elles sont influencées par des dislocations et l'adsorption. Les méthodes expérimentales de détermination des faces d'un cristal sont mentionnées.
Répartition de quelques éléments en trace dans les minéraux accessoires des roches granitiques
Authors: Baillet Paulin
Published: November 2018

Il est possible, par autoradiographie, de chiffrer la quantité d'éléments radioactifs présente dans chaque minéral d'une roche cristalline ; les résultats sont exprimés en valeur absolue (nombre de rayons α émis par seconde et par cristal : RAα) et en valeur relative (nombre de rayons α émis par seconde et par unité de surface de cristal : Nα/cm²/s). Plusieurs milliers de mesures de la concentration en uranium ou en thorium des minéraux accessoires de 10 granites différents ont été réunies dans cette note. Il apparaît que la taille et la concentration en éléments radioactifs des espèces minérales varie peu d'un cristal à l'autre, d'un granite à l'autre. En outre, les minéraux accessoires peuvent être classés, en ce qui concerne leur teneur en uranium et thorium, en deux catégories : — d'une part, les minéraux très fréquents — zircon, apatite, sphène — qui sont très peu radioactifs ; — d'autre part des minéraux plus rares — allanite, monazite, xénotime, thorite, uraninite — qui concentrent l'essentiel des éléments radioactifs des granites.
Spectres de vibration du cyanure de mercure cristallisé
Authors: Mon J.-P. , Mathieu Jean-Paul
Published: November 2018

Détermination des indices principaux, du spectre de Raman et du spectre infra rouge des cristaux de cyanure de mercure. Les interactions moléculaires sont faibles.
Synthèses hydrothermales dans le système gehlénite˗akermanite, Ca2Al2SiO7 — Ca2Mg2Si2O7 en milieu carbonaté
Authors: Christophe Michel-Lévy Mireille
Published: November 2018

Sous pression de 500 à 1000 bars, à des températures de 450 à 600°, on a obtenu la cristallisation de gehlénite, idocrase, xanthophyllite, monticellite, accompagnés de wollastonite.
Sur la position des atomes lourds dans le métatantalate de plomb ferroélectrique PbTa2O6
Authors: Gasperin Madeleine
Published: November 2018

Une étude partielle de la structure du métatantalate de plomb PbTa₂O₆ orthorhombique a été effectuée sur des cristaux de synthèse.

La mesure de la densité conduit à une formule qui rattache bien ce composé aux bronzes de tungstène au potassium.

La position des atomes lourds est déterminée et permet d'interpréter en partie les différences qui existent entre les deux mailles.
Interstratified kaolinite/smectites from the Paris Basin ; correlations of layers proportions, chemical compositions and other data
Authors: Brindley George William , Suzuki Tetsuya , Thiry Médard
Published: November 2018

L'étude par diffraction des rayons X de 18 kaolinite/smectites du Bassin de Paris a montré des taux d'interstratification qui couvrent la totalité du domaine compris entre les deux pôles. Les taux d' interstratification ont été calculés en utilisant, d'une part les données de Reynolds relatives à une séquence irrégulière d'interstratification, et d'autre part un calcul dérivé de la procédure de Méring ; les deux méthodes donnent des résultats comparables. L'analyse thermogravimétrique a été faite pour tous les échantillons afin de distinguer la perte de poids due à l'eau moléculaire et à la déshydroxylation. La perte en poids due à la déshydroxylation ne suit pas une relation linéaire entre la smectite (5,0 %) et la kaolinite (14,0 %), des explications possibles sont envisagées. Les rapports molaires SiO₂/R₂O₃ rapportés aux taux d'interstratification indiquent que certains échantillons contiennent principalement des feuillets de type montmorillonite et d'autres des feuillets de type beidellite.
Petrogenetic application of Mg-Fe2+ order-disorder in orthopyroxene to the cooling history of rocks
Authors: Saxena Surendra Kumar , Dal Negro Alberto
Published: November 2018

Il est présenté un court compte rendu de la théorie et des données concernant l'ordre-désordre de Fe²⁺-Mg dans les orthopyroxènes et le rapport entre la cinétique des échanges ioniques intracristallins et intercristallins et le refroidissement des roches. La connaissance de ces processus compétitifs permet de cerner l'histoire du refroidissement des roches hôtes. Les données que l'on possède sur les pyroxènes chauffés font apparaître de grosses incertitudes dans les calculs mais il paraît évident que beaucoup de granulites métamorphiques peuvent subir un processus de refroidissement assez rapide. Les vitesses de refroidissement calculées se situent entre 0,06 et 19°/ an et 2°/minute et ll°/jour respectivement pour les roches métamorphiques et volcaniques. Ces vitesses sont sujettes à des erreurs de plusieurs ordres de grandeur et peuvent ne pas être significatives si la vitesse du processus subit des variations en-dessous de 400 °C environ.
Petrographic characterization of an argillic hydrothermal alteration containing illite, K-rectorite, K-beidellite, kaolinite and carbonates in a cupromolybdenic porphyry at Sibert (Rhône, France)
Authors: Beaufort Daniel , Meunier Alain
Published: November 2018

The potassic, phyllic and propylitic zones of a cupromolybdenic porphyry at Sibert are transformed by a late argillic alteration stage along a system of cracks. Three types of mineral associations fill the fissures :

1. Illite - calcite (≃ 200 °C),

2. K-rectorite - calcite (≃ 160 °C),

3. Kaolinite - K-beidellite - siderite, dolomite-magnesite (80-100 °C).

The third one represents about 80 % of the argillized rock volume because of the presence of a pervasive alteration around the cracks. Five mineral reactions occur in the rock :

— Biotite → kaolinite + carbonates,

— Chlorite → metavermiculite + kaolinite + carbonates,

— Muscovite-phengite → K-beidellite,

— K-feldspars-plagioclases → K-beidellite (± kaolinite) + carbonates,

— Pyrite → siderite.

The nature of secondary phases is largely dependant on the chemical characteristics of primary minerals. During the argillic alteration biotites, white micas and feldspars constitute isolated geochemical microsystems. The sequence illite - K-rectorite - K-beidellite - kaolinite which occurred during the cooling of the Sibert hydrothermal system is very similar to that observed in active geothermal fields.
A DYNAMIC MODEL OF PROFIT OF RESIDENTIAL PROJECTS IN VIETNAM
Authors: Nguyen Nghia Hoai , Chinda Thanwadee
Published: November 2018

It is difficult to estimate the profit of residential projects as there are a number of complicated relationships among key profit factors. This study develops a dynamic model of the profit of residential projects in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, utilizing a system dynamic approach, to examine the profit of residential projects in the long term. Five key profit factors, including the Urban Population, Buyer Capacity, Housing Supply, Housing Economics, and Housing Finance factors, are used to develop the dynamic model. Simulation results reveal that the average profit of residential projects in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, in the next 20 years, is 35%, with a minimum and maximum profit of 19% and 41%, respectively. Scenario analyses recommend that a 30% down payment, a 25-year payment period, and a debt to equity ratio of 40% are the best strategies that residential companies should use to maximize profit in the long term. It is also recommended that debt to equity ratio and house price should be maintained in the early years to assist low-income households. The developed model can be used as a starting point to develop a software that allows developers to examine strategies by simply inputting their available data.
STRATEGIC BUSINESS MODEL TYPOLOGIES EVIDENT IN THE CHINESE REAL-ESTATE INDUSTRY
Authors: Liu Guiwen , Li Kaijian , Shrestha Asheem , Martek Igor , Zhou Yang
Published: November 2018

The Chinese real estate industry has emerged over recent decades as one of the key drivers of Chinese economic growth and attracted thousands of players nationwide. Yet, despite the continuing importance of the real-estate industry in China, there has not been any work done to identify nor describe the strategic business models used by enterprises within the sector. This study fills this gap in the literature. This paper begins by building a framework for studying the strategic business models used within the Chinese real-estate industry, and then goes on to identify the generic models that exist in the industry. A two-step cluster analysis of 117 Chinese real-estate companies was carried out over seven parameters identified in the literature as impacting business models: 1) clients, 2) products offered, 3) market locale, 4) financial structure, 5) value chain embeddedness, 6) core competency, and, 7) revenue source. Five generic strategic business models that characterize the Chinese real-estate industry were identified: 1) commercial property model, 2) government servicing model, 3) cost efficiency model, 4) asset management model, and, 5) high-turnover model. The findings will assist industry practitioners in evaluating and informing their own competitive positions within the Chinese real-estate industry.
The Fate of Formamide in a Fragmenting Protoplanetary Disk
Authors: Quénard David , Ilee John D. , Jiménez-Serra Izaskun , Forgan Duncan H. , Hall Cassandra , Rice Ken
Published: November 2018

Recent high-sensitivity observations carried out with the Atacama Large Millimeter Array have revealed the presence of complex organic molecules (COMs) such as methyl cyanide (CH3CN) and methanol (CH3OH) in relatively evolved protoplanetary discs. The behavior and abundance of COMs in earlier phases of disk evolution remain unclear. Here, we combine a smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulation of a fragmenting, gravitationally unstable disk with a gas-grain chemical code. We use this to investigate the evolution of formamide (NH2CHO), a prebiotic species, in both the disk and in the fragments that form within it. Our results show that formamide remains frozen onto grains in the majority of the disks where the temperatures are <100 K, with a predicted solid-phase abundance that matches those observed in comets. Formamide is present in the gas phase in three fragments as a result of the high temperatures (≥200 K), but remains in the solid phase in one colder (≤150 K) fragment. The timescale over which this occurs is comparable to the dust sedimentation timescales, suggesting that any rocky core that is formed would inherit their formamide content directly from the protosolar nebula.
The Dense Gas Fraction in Galactic Center Clouds
Authors: Mills E. A. C. , Ginsburg A. , Immer K. , Barnes J. M. , Wiesenfeld L. , Faure A. , Morris M. R. , Requena-Torres M. A.
Published: November 2018

We present an analysis of gas densities in the central R = 300 pc of the Milky Way, focusing on three clouds: GCM –0.02–0.07 (the 50 km s−1 cloud), GCM –0.13–0.08 (the 20 km s−1 cloud), and GCM 0.25+0.01 (the “Brick”). Densities are determined using observations of the J = (3–2), (4–3), (5–4), (10–9), (18–17), (19–18), (21–20), and (24–23) transitions of the molecule HC3N. We find evidence of at least two excitation regimes for HC3N and constrain the low-excitation component to have a density less than 104 cm−3 and the high-excitation component to have a density between 105 and 106 cm−3. This is much less than densities of 107 cm−3 that are found in Sgr B2, the most actively star-forming cloud in the Galactic center. This is consistent with the requirement of a higher-density threshold for star formation in the Galactic center than is typical in the Galactic disk. We are also able to constrain the column density of each component in order to determine the mass fraction of “dense” (n > 105 cm−3) gas for these clouds. We find that this is ∼15% for all three clouds. Applying the results of our models to ratios of the (10–9) and (3–2) line across the entire central R = 300 pc, we find that the fraction of dense (n > 104 cm−3) gas increases inward of a radius of ∼140 pc, consistent with the predictions of recent models for the gas dynamics in this region. Our observations show that HC3N is an excellent molecule for probing the density structure of clouds in the Galactic center.
Looking for the Gluon Condensation Signature in Protons Using the Earth-limb Gamma-Ray Spectra
Authors: Feng Lei , Ruan Jianhong , Wang Fan , Zhu Wei
Published: November 2018

A new type of gamma-ray spectrum is predicted in a general hadronic framework by taking into account gluon condensation (GC) effects in proton. The result presents a power law with a sharp break in the gamma-ray spectra at the TeV band. We suggest probing this GC signature in Earth-limb gamma-ray spectra using the Dark Matter Particle Explorer and the Calorimetric Electron Telescope in orbit.
Catching the bug: the influence of Thomas Henry on a young entomologist
Authors: Menard Katrina L.
Published: November 2018

A refection of Dr. Thomas Henry's influence on a young entomologist in the field of Heteroptera.
Thomas J Henry, as viewed by his son, daughter, and wife
Authors: Henry Thomas A. , Townsend Angela Henry , Henderson Kathryn
Published: November 2018

When Al Wheeler told me that he was organizing a Festschrift to honor Tom, I (K.H.) thought, how is it possible that it could be time for a Festschrift already? It seems like I just met Tom yesterday. When Al asked me to write an introductory article for the journal, I wondered if I could manage that and called Tom’s children, Tommy (T.A.H.) and Angela (A.H.T.), asking for their help. They both agreed and we began a wonderful collaboration to honor their Dad. As with any life, certain stories and remembrances stand out, and that person’s characteristics and traits are known to some people, but perhaps not to others. We thought about how he enriched our lives through his generosity and guidance and how he influenced our professional lives with sound advice and counsel. We thought about his childhood and the special bond he had with his family, one steeped in the traditions of hard work and a drive to achieve desired goals. We (T.A.H. and A.H.T.) have chosen to focus on some of the highlights of our Dad’s remarkable career and events that show his love of natural history. Included are certain early events, as recounted by our Grandmother.
Think Another Time: Rosa Luxemburg and the Concept of History
Authors: Menozzi Filippo
Published: November 2018

This essay considers the significance of Rosa Luxemburg's thought in relation to discourses on the materialist conception of history. Luxemburg engaged extensively with Marx's method in order to understand the consequences of capitalism and socialism as a concrete possibility. In
The Accumulation of Capital (1913), she deals with the problem of economic reproduction and the material conditions for the global expansion of capital. Yet, her writings have sparked a long tradition of debate concerning her contribution to Marxist theory. Within this tradition, Michael
Löwy and Norman Geras have discussed Luxemburg's idea of history, giving divergent interpretations of her influential phrase, 'socialism or barbarism'. Building on the key terms of their argument, this essay proposes to read The Accumulation of Capital as a compelling reflection
on the contingency of capitalism. Luxemburg's analysis of the drive to accumulation shows capitalism's manipulation of the process of social transmission and urges a reappropriation of history against capitalism's teleology of perpetual expansion.
Capital Accumulation and Debt Colonialism After Rosa Luxemburg
Authors: Morton Stephen
Published: November 2018

In The Accumulation of Capital (1913), Rosa Luxemburg offers a sophisticated account of the foundational role of colonialism in the development and expansion of the capitalist world system. By interrogating the blind spots in Marx's account of capitalist political economy, Luxemburg
emphasises the importance of 'non-capitalist strata and countries' in the production of surplus value. Crucial to Luxemburg's re-thinking of capitalist political economy, in other words, was the accumulation and dispossession of non-capitalist societies on the periphery of the world economy.
Beginning with an assessment of Luxemburg's central thesis in The Accumulation of Capital , this article proceeds to suggest that Luxemburg's analysis of imperialism has important and far-reaching consequences for understanding contemporary formations of capital accumulation and debt
colonialism in the postcolonial world. What's more, Luxemburg's reflections on primitive communism and the challenge this posed to the universalising historical narrative of bourgeois political economy offer an important counterpoint to the predominant conceptualisation of the world as an
abstract space for the uneven and unequal circulation of capital and commodities. By reading Luxemburg's writings on primitive communism against the grain of her writings on imperialism and debt colonialism in The Accumulation of Capital, I suggest in conclusion that Luxemburg's writing
offers a valuable contribution to contemporary accounts of the commons.
Rosa Luxemburg and the Heart of Darkness
Authors: Blanc Paul Le
Published: November 2018

'Imperialism', Rosa Luxemburg tells us, 'is the political expression of the process of the accumulation of capital in its competitive struggle over the unspoiled remainder of the noncapitalist world environment'. The realities analysed by this outstanding socialist revolutionary have
also found significant reflection in classic writings of such literary icons as Herman Melville, Joseph Conrad, Mark Twain, Rudyard Kipling and George Orwell. Conrad's racist conceptualisation in The Heart of Darkness shows us an idealistic imperialist, Kurtz, whose last words - 'the
horror' - can be understood in opposite ways: as an idealism grotesquely corrupted when a 'civilising' white 'goes native' or, more persuasively, as a grotesque violence emanating from 'progressive' capitalist civilisation itself. Dark horrors visited upon innumerable victims in Africa, Asia,
Latin America and among indigenous peoples of Australia and North America have been generated, as Luxemburg demonstrates in The Accumulation of Capital, from the very heart of European civilisation, permeated and animated as it is by the capital accumulation process. The eloquent justifications
of Kurtz can be found in the glowing prose of - for example Winston Churchill: 'Let it be granted that nations exist and peoples labour to produce armies with which to conquer other nations, and the nation best qualified to do this is of course the most highly civilised and the most deserving
of honour.' Yet the actual impacts have been summarised by W. E. B. Du Bois: 'There was no Nazi atrocity - concentration camps, wholesale maiming and murder, defilement of women or ghastly blasphemy of childhood - which the Christian civilization of Europe had not long been practicing against
colored folk in all parts of the world in the name of and for the defense of a Superior Race born to rule the world.' Such horrors have afflicted not only vast 'peripheries' but have also defined modern and contemporary history in the civilised 'metropolis'.
Assessing Nutritional Risk Among Infants and Toddlers in Primary Care Practice
Authors: Murray Robert D.
Published: November 2018

Traditionally, nutritional risk has been defined by growth failure, with clinical intervention indicated when a child falls below the third to fifth percentile on growth charts. Although the velocity of linear growth and weight gain during the first years are unparalleled at any other time of life, this period is also unique for other reasons. Nutrition not only supports increased bone length, muscle mass, and tissue growth, but also continued development of several highly metabolic organs such as the gastrointestinal tract, the immune system, the cardiorespiratory system, the kidneys, and the central nervous system. Just as growth depends on consistent nutrients, so too does organ development, especially the brain. The undernourished child may exhibit compromised optimal development and future cognitive performance, irrespective of weight status. It is often challenging in early childhood to ensure that a child is receiving high-quality nutrition. Primary care clinicians are positioned to identify the child with potential nutritional risk and design an appropriate intervention that promotes optimal development.

[
Pediatr Ann.
2018;47(11):e465–e469.]
Coastal Management Using UAS and High-Resolution Satellite Images for Touristic Areas
Authors: Papakonstantinou Apostolos , Doukari Michaela , Stamatis Panagiotis , Topouzelis Konstantinos
Published: November 2018

Coastline change and human activities in shoreline zones are two factors indicating the vulnerability and the quality of a coastal environment. In this article, coastline evolution and spatiotemporal differences on coastal touristic infrastructure are presented as two case studies. Both case studies have increasing interest among scientists monitoring sensitive coastal areas, and for stakeholders evolved in the tourist industry. The study is twofold: monitors the shoreline evolution and examines how the shoreline behavior affects the seasonal anthropogenic touristic infrastructure. Shoreline detection methodology integrates unmanned aerial systems (UAS) or high-resolution satellite images for data acquisition, and geographic object-based image analysis (GEOBIA) for the shoreline recognition and the infrastructure change detection. The methodology used produced robust results in the aspect of mapping and detecting coastline changes, coastal erosion and the human pressure due to specific activities.
Spatial and temporal characteristics of cancer in the period from 2004 to 2013 in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
Authors: Jaber Salahuddin M. , Ibbini Jwan H. , Hijjawi Nawal S. , Thnaibat Juhina J. , Nimri Omar F.
Published: November 2018

Cancer in Jordan is a major public health problem and the second leading cause of death after heart disease. This study aimed at studying the spatial and temporal characteristics of cancer in Jordan and its 12 governorates for the period 2004-2013 to establish a baseline for future research and identification of cancer risk factors paving the way for developing a cancer control plan in the country. Numerical and graphical summaries, time-series additive seasonal decomposition, the method of least squares, and spacetime scan statistics were applied in a geographic information systems environment. Although the results indicate that the cancer incidence in Jordan is comparatively low, it is increasing over time. In the 10-year study period, a total of 44,741 cases was reported with a mean annual crude incidence rate of 68.4 cases/100,000, mean annual age-adjusted incidence rate of 111.9 cases/100,000, and a monthly rate increase of 1.2 (cases/100,000)/month. This study also revealed that the spatial and temporal characteristics of cancer vary among the governorates. Amman, which includes the capital city and hosts more than one-third of the population of the country, reported 61.0% of the total number of cases. Amman also reported the highest annual crude incidence rate (105.3 cases/100,000), the highest annual age-adjusted incidence rate (160.6 cases/100,000), and the highest rate of increase (0.7 (cases/100,000)/month) forming a high-rate cluster. Excluding the three governorates Amman, Balqa, and Ma’daba, low-rate clusters were found with regard to the remaining governorates. All governorates, except Irbid and Mafraq, showed significant rates of increase of cancer incidence. However, no clear seasonality pattern with respect to cancer incidence was discerned.
Examining the impact of the number of regions used in cluster detection methods: An application to childhood asthma visits to a hospital in Manitoba, Canada
Authors: Torabi Mahmoud , Galloway Katie
Published: November 2018

The level of spatial aggregation is a major concern in cluster investigations. Combining regions to protect privacy may result in a loss of power and thus, can limit the information researchers can obtain. The impact of spatial aggregation on the ability to detect clusters is examined in this study, which shows the importance of choosing the correct level of spatial aggregation in cluster investigations. We applied the circular spatial scan statistic (CSS), flexible spatial scan statistic (FSS) and Bayesian disease mapping (BYM) approaches to a dataset containing childhood asthma visits to a hospital in Manitoba, Canada, using three different levels of spatial aggregation. Specifically, we used 56, 67 and 220 regions in the analysis, respectively. It is expected that the three scenarios will yield different results and will highlight the importance of using the right level of spatial aggregation. The three methods (CSS, FSS, BYM) examined in this study performed similarly when detecting potential clusters. However, for different levels of spatial aggregation, the potential clusters identified were different. As the number of regions used in the analysis increased, the total area identified in the cluster decreased. In general, potential clusters were identified in the central and northern parts of Manitoba. Overall, it is crucial to identify the appropriate number of regions to study spatial patterns of disease as it directly affects the results and consequently the conclusions. Additional investigation through future work is needed to determine which scenario of spatial aggregation is best.
Planning and location of health care services in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia: Discussion of the constructive use of geographical information systems
Authors: Murad Abdulkader
Published: November 2018

Geographical information systems (GIS) is used for health care planning due to the increasing availability of geo-coded health data that is moving the field towards to health information systems. The aim of this paper is to present GIS applications for planning health services in Jeddah City. The discussion is focused on three major issues: i) identifying the location of health service facilities and their distribution; ii) modelling the level of density needed for health service facilities; and iii) identifying the required levels of accessibility to these health services. The issues covered include GIS, choropleth mapping, kernel density modelling, Euclidean (straight-line) distance and drive-time distance models. These approaches are essential and considered the major spatial decision models required to support health care for decision- makers and planners in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia.
Implications from assessing environmental effects on spatio-temporal pattern of schistosomiasis in the Yangtze Basin, China
Authors: Gao Fenghua , Ward Michael P. , Wang Yan , Zhang Zhijie , Hu Yi
Published: November 2018

Schistosomiasis remains a major public health problem in the South China, particularly in lake and marshland regions. Modelling the spatio-temporal pattern of schistosomiasis guides disease prevention and control programs and is a research area of growing interest. However, few attempts have been made to evaluate the changing (nonlinear) effects of environmental determinants on schistosomiasis. In this context, a hierarchical spatiotemporal model was applied to evaluate how environmental determinants affect the changing trend of schistosomiasis in Anhui Province, China, based on annual parasitological and environmental data for the period 1997-2010. Results showed that – compared to changing effect – environmental factors had a constant (linear) effect on schistosomiasis. The disease was also found to fluctuate over time, which was due to the two latest national schistosomiasis control programs. In addition to statistical benefits of this approach, our analysis implied that climate change might not contribute to variation of schistosomiasis; rather, prevention activities affect schistosomiasis when the disease prevalence remains at a low level. Finally, the analytical method proposed in our study provides a template for modelling the spatio-temporal pattern of a disease whose transmission is largely determined by environmental determinants.
A three-component airborne magnetometer
Authors: Serson P H , Mack S Z , Whitham K
Published: November 2018

A three-component airborne magnetometer has been designed and built at the Dominion Observatory. The magnetometer is mechanically linked to a gyro-stabilized platform which is maintained horizontal, independent of the motions of the aircraft. The gyroscopes are
precessed at a rate proportional to the time integrals of signals from accelerometers mounted on the platform. The system acts basically as a pendulum with a six-minute period. Damping is provided by phase-advance networks in the control loops. Forced oscillations of the platform are reduced by the
addition of automatically computed signals proportional to the aircraft accelerations. The accuracy of the platform is 2 or 3 minutes of arc under normal survey conditions. The azimuth reference for the instrument is provided by a directional gyroscope mounted on the platform, whose drift is
determined to an accuracy of 0.2° by astronomical measurements with a periscopic sextant stabilized in azimuth.
The magnetometer head contains three orthogonal magnetic detectors of the saturated transformer type, which give direct currents proportional to the fore-and-aft and transverse horizontal components and the vertical component. These and the heading of the aircraft are fed into an analog computer
which displays continuously the declination in degrees, and the horizontal and vertical field components in gauss. An alternative display presents automatically the average values of these quantities over successive five-minute intervals. The accuracy of measurement of field components referred to
the reference axes established by the stabilization system is estimated to be 0.1° in declination, and 20 gammas in the other components.
Sources of error in survey operations are discussed and the reduction of survey results and the determination of the corrections for the magnetic field of the aircraft described. It is concluded that the probable error of a survey observation as plotted on a chart is about 100 gammas in any
component, and is principally due to errors in navigation and plotting.
Gravity measurements in Quebec (south of latitude 52° N.)
Authors: Thompson L G D , Garland G D
Published: November 2018

The results of gravity measurements in Quebec, south of latitude 52°N. and west longitude 64°W., which have been adjusted to the common datum of the primary base network established in Canada in 1952, are presented in this report. While the data include
measurements taken during the period 1945 to 1954, observations made on an air survey in 1951 cover the greater part of the area under consideration. The gravity information is presented in the form of tables of principal facts and a preliminary Bouguer anomaly map. Descriptions of primary bases in
Quebec are also included.
The general anomaly pattern is discussed and an interpretation is presented. It is believed that the major anomaly trends over the Canadian Shield are caused by systematic differences in density of the Precambrian rocks. There appear to be no gravitational features along the northern boundary of the
Grenville sub-province which could be related to the presence of the presumed Huron-Mistassini thrust fault. Large anorthosite bodies in the area are characterized by negative gravity anomalies, which together with the determinations of density show that these rocks are less dense than the
surrounding granitic rocks. The positive anomalies in the Eastern Townships and Gaspe are believed to be associated with a belt of ultrabasic rock at moderate depth which surfaces in the Richmond-Thetford and Gaspe districts.
Canadian west coast earthquakes, 1951
Authors: Milne W G , Lombardo F
Published: November 2018

Three station triangulation of local earthquakes in the British Columbia Coast regions was initiated in August, 1951, making use of short period Benioff and Willmore seismographs. The three stations were located at Victoria and Alberni on Vancouver Island and at
Horseshoe Bay on the mainland. Seventy-four earthquakes were recorded in a five months' period and it was possible to determine epicentres for 27. Some indications were given of areas of localized activity but it is expected that at least another year's operation will be required before such areas
are at all clearly defined. Tables of epicentres and times are given and the stations and equipment are described.
The Devonian-Mississippian Besa River Group of Liard Basin, British Columbia: stratigraphy of a world-class shale gas resource
Authors: Ferri F , Richards B C , McMechan M , Kabanov P , Mort A , Thapa P , Leslie-Panek J , Little E
Published: November 2018

Shale hydrocarbon plays are collectively an enormous resource of cleaner fossil energy in Canada. The Devonian-Mississippian Besa River Group of the Liard Basin is a distal, shale-dominated succession with estimated resource of 6,196 bn cubic meters of marketable
dry gas in its middle-upper parts correspondent to the Patry-Exshaw stratigraphic interval. This contribution showcases updates about stratigraphic framework of the Besa River and its divisions. Of particular interest is the lower Exshaw interval recording a major spread of anoxic conditions across
West Canadian Sedimentary Basin and containing the equivalent of the Hangenberg global anoxic event. The initiation of the Liard Basin and its early history are linked to the interplay of the back-arc extension of the western margin of Laurentia, initiation of motion along Bovie Fault and grabens
within the Peace River Embayment, and possible influence of compressional events in the western Arctic Islands and the U.S. Cordillera.
Generalized focal mechanism
Authors: Ingram R E
Published: November 2018

It is shown that a system of forces consisting of three couples without moment introduces a cone of the second degree as the surface separating the compressions and dilatations as recorded at extended distances. This cone is the generalization of the pair of
planes associated with a single couple with moment or with two couples without moment. The corresponding surfaces for SH and for SV are also given. The projection of these surfaces on the central plane is examined and some of the geometrical properties noted. In particular, it is seen that the
projected S direction passes through a fixed point if two of the couples are equal. An example of the separation of the compressions and dilatations by a hyperbola is given.
Study of stresses and ruptures in earthquake foci with the help of dislocation theory
Authors: Balakina L M , Shirokova H I , Vvedenskaya A V
Published: November 2018

The paper reviews the authors' work done mainly during the three-year period since the Toronto meetings. A theory is first outlined, based on the theory of dislocations, which permits the determination of the principal axes of stress in an. earthquake focus. The
technique for the application of the method, based on the first motion in P, SH and SV, and using the Wulff stereographic projection, is then described. This method has been applied to earthquakes in three regions. In the Hindu Kush it is shown that the regional pressure acts in a horizontal plane
and normal to the strike direction of the mountain range. The tension acts along the direction to the zenith. In the northwestern Pacific the pressure axes for most foci are also oriented perpendicular to the geological features. In Prebaikalye, on the other hand, it is the tension axes which are
normal to the geological features.
Radiation pattern of Rayleigh waves from the southeast Alaska earthquake of July 10, 1958
Authors: Brune J N
Published: November 2018

Long-period Rayleigh wave data obtained during the IGY are used in this paper to measure the initial phases and amplitudes of Rayleigh waves as a function of azimuth for the Southeast Alaska earthquake of July 10, 1958.
This study indicates that the radiation pattern bears a simple relation to the fault motion, showing four sectors of initial phase and a four-lobed pattern of amplitudes. The symmetry of the radiation pattern is in agreement with the motion on the fault as determined by a fault.-plane solution and
by field observation of the direction of faulting. The symmetry differs radically from that expected from explosions. It is concluded that this simple technique can be used to study focal mechanism from surface wave data for most of the larger earthquakes when instrumentation is improved and
regional variations in phase velocity for shorter periods are known.
Editorial: Measuring social impact investment
Authors: Abrahams Mark , Walaza Sibongile
Published: November 2018

No abstract available.
Occupation-Based Theater Intervention for Individuals With Substance Use Disorder
Authors: Wasmuth Sally , Thomas Michaela , Hackman Haley , Clingan Danyele , Hecht Jill , Adney Aubriana
Published: November 2018

Date Presented 4/20/2018

People with substance use disorder participated in a 6-wk theater intervention to supplement recovery. This study examined the qualitative experience of participants before, during, and 6 mo after the intervention to understand changes in addictive behavior after this occupation-based intervention.

Primary Author and Speaker: Sally Wasmuth

Additional Authors and Speakers: Michaela Thomas, Haley Hackman, Danyele Clingan, Jill Hecht, Aubriana Adney
Measuring the Outcomes of Therapeutic Listening in Children With Learning and Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Tashjian Hannah , Hair Donielle , Taasan Phoebe , Wilbarger Julia
Published: November 2018

Date Presented 4/20/2018

Daily individualized use of Therapeutic Listening Quickshifts (TL-Q) is proposed to improve occupational performance in children with learning and developmental disabilities. This study identified a standardized practice-based evidence procedure to measure the outcomes of TL-Q in occupational therapy practice.

Primary Author and Speaker: Hannah Tashjian

Additional Authors and Speakers: Donielle Hair, Phoebe Taasan, Julia Wilbarger
Mechanisms of Co-constructing Play Between Preschool-Age Children and Novel Adults
Authors: Holland Cristin , Thompson Barbara
Published: November 2018

Date Presented 4/20/2018

Videotaped play between novel adults and preschool-age children was analyzed using grounded theory and descriptive methods. The data generated a process of co-constructing play that involves concepts of bid, alignment, and threats. Dynamic enactment of the process resulted in four synchrony types.

Primary Author and Speaker: Cristin Holland

Additional Authors and Speakers: Barbara Thompson
Visual–Motor Assessment on the iPad
Authors: Fall Randy
Published: November 2018

Date Presented 4/20/2018

This study compared a traditional pencil-and-paper visual–motor measure to a measure of the same items using a stylus on a tablet and a finger on a tablet. Findings provide evidence that visual–motor performance on a tablet, using either stylus or finger, is functionally similar to pencil and paper.

Primary Author and Speaker: Randy Fall

Contributing Authors: Dana Khudaverdyan, Karen Silberman