bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evolution of flow properties, plastic viscosity, and yield stress of alkali-activated fly ash/slag pastes
Authors: Alnahhal Mohammed Fouad , Kim Taehwan , Hajimohammadi Ailar
Published: December 2020

The development of cementless concrete is attracting increasing attention in practice and research to reduce both greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption of concrete. Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) are one of the viable alternatives to replace Portland cement due to their lower CO2 emissions. This study investigated the evolution of rheological parameters of alkali-activated fly ash/slag pastes as a function of time. Flowability and rheological measurements were carried out to determine the fluidity, plastic viscosity, and yield stress at different time intervals. The effects of the slag content, the concentration of SiO2 in the activator, and the solution/binder ratio were considered. Based on the results, the yield stress and plastic viscosity followed an increasing trend over time coinciding with a reduction in the paste fluidity. The plastic viscosity of AAM pastes was in the range of 1.3–9.5 Pa.s and 2.6–28.9 Pa.s after 5 min and 45 min of mixing, respectively. Given the same alkali activator, the higher content of slag the paste had, the higher yield stress the paste showed. In addition, this paper confirmed that the SiO2/Na2O ratio in the activator had no significant effect on yield stress, but a drastic effect of this ratio was found on the plastic viscosity of the paste.
Memórias e construção de narrativas das rádios ocidentais sobre África
Authors: Joanguete Celestino
Published: December 2020

Três marcos históricos permitem uma reflexão sobre as narrativas das rádios transnacionais em África: a expansão de canais transnacionais em África, depois da II Guerra Mundial e o início da Guerra Fria; a realização da “Conferência dos países não alinhados” em Bandung, 1955, que expressava a vontade de soberania dos países da África e Ásia; o “Fórum de meios de comunicação social e desenvolvimento” (2008) realizado em Uagadugu, Burquina Faso, que manifestava a vontade de “descolonização da informação”. Estes grandes acontecimentos despertaram um certo interesse no campo dos Estudos da Rádio na África. A presente reflexão tem como objetivo analisar as narrativas das rádios ocidentais em África, concentrando-se na revisão histórica do papel da rádio como meio de expansão do imperialismo ocidental. Numa outra perspetiva, a reflexão tenta capturar as últimas tendências de mudanças ideológicas e discursivas das rádios internacionais em África: a internacionalização comparticipada, a promoção de consciência de democracia e o despertar de direitos humanos. A emergência das novas narrativas das rádios africanas, mediadas por web rádios nas plataformas das redes sociais da internet e as suas potencialidades, constituem outros pontos de reflexão. Numa análise desta informação histórica, o estudo optou por uma abordagem de natureza interpretativa da documentação, declarações de conferências e literatura produzida sobre as rádios internacionais em África, naquilo que se aproxima da análise tipológica desenvolvida pelo sociólogo Max Weber sobre os tipos ideais, ou seja, uma hermenêutica de cunho interpretativo e explicativo, na qual se deve compreender textos, ideologias, culturas e períodos históricos como símbolos que devem ser elucidados dentro de seus próprios sistemas de significação. Este modelo de análise extrai do material bibliográfico os elementos típicos e descreve-os com detalhe.
Literatura e turismo no digital: o caso de Lisboa e Fernando Pessoa
Authors: Sousa Bruno Barbosa , Anjo Ana Margarida
Published: December 2020

A cultura é uma das maiores motivações dos turistas quando estes decidem visitar um destino. A oferta presente no turismo cultural é bastante diversificada, pelo que cada vez mais se tem subdivido em diferentes categorias. Embora seja ainda prematuro em Portugal, o turismo literário constitui um nicho de turismo com capacidade de exploração, não só devido aos escritores portugueses de renome, mas também porque os lugares por onde passaram, e nos quais se inspiraram, constituem elementos patrimoniais únicos. Assim sendo, a presente investigação pretende abordar os conceitos de turismo cultural e turismo literário, assim como a sua ligação ao digital. Posteriormente, como caso de estudo, é explorado o escritor português, Fernando Pessoa, e os lugares literários marcantes na sua terra natal, Lisboa, que podem ser combinados e apresentados num itinerário digital. Numa perspetiva interdisciplinar, o presente estudo apresenta contributos para o marketing (digital) e para o turismo numa vertente literária.
Museus, coleções e exposições, coloniais, anticoloniais e pós-coloniais: nota introdutória
Authors: Martins Moisés de Lemos , Sarmento João , Costa Alda
Published: December 2020

O encontro de públicos com coleções e exposições, num determinado espaço, tem uma história longa e complexa (Bennett, 1995). Este encontro constitui um desafio hermenêutico, que se vai alterando, de época para época, de acordo com as necessidades do tempo e os objetivos de cada sociedade e cultura. A ligação de objetos e públicos, num determinado tempo e contexto, tem tanto de complexo como de flutuante. Os museus, as coleções e as exposições projetam representações do mundo e narrativas da vida de comunidades humanas, que obedecem aos padrões das mais diversas curadorias, por vezes até de sinal contrário...
Correlation Between Rift Valley Fever Virus (RVFV) Neutralizing Antibody Titers in Vaccinated Sheep and Effective Dose 50 (ED50) in Vaccinated Mice
Authors: Khafagy Heba A. , Aziz Heba MG Abdel , AM Amal , WM Barghooth , Shafik Nermeen G
Published: December 2020

Rift valley fever is an arthropod-born, multispecies zoonotic viral disease. Control of RVF disease depends mainly on vector control and vaccination of susceptible animals. The present work aims to detect the correlation between Rift Valley Fever Virus (RVFV) neutralizing antibody titers in vaccinated sheep using Serum Neutralization test as in vitro test and effective dose fifty in vaccinated mice as in vivo potency test and determine if they can be alternative to each other. In this work,17 inactivated RVFV vaccine batches were evaluated, applying SNT for serum samples of vaccinated sheep and ED50 in vaccinated mice. The two models of tests showed compatible results, where the same 14 vaccine batches showed satisfactory results [(SNT >1.5) and (ED50 less than 0.02)], while the other three batches revealed unsatisfactory results in both two tests. Statistical analysis of results using Wilcoxon’s test was (0.0001), indicating a significant correlation between the tests so it could be recommended to depend on SNT instead of mice inoculation in the evaluation of RVF vaccine to reduce the numbers of animals being used and to avoid the possible public health hazard.
Influence of Different Treatment Protocols on Blood Biochemical Profile and Fertility in Crossbred Cows with Cystic Ovarian Degeneration
Authors: Dhami A. J. , Chauhan JH , Hadiya KK , Madhira SP
Published: December 2020

The present study was conducted under field conditions on >90 days postpartum HF crossbred cows with cystic ovaries (n=58). The diagnosis was confirmed by history and trans-rectal palpation and ultrasonographic examinations twice at weekly interval using linear array transducer with 5.0-7.5 MHz frequency. The animals with follicular cysts were randomly treated either with conventional Ovsynch or with Ovsynch + CIDR protocol (n=10 each), and those having luteal cysts were treated either with Double PG injections 11 days apart or with modified Ovsynch protocol (n=16 each) with fixed time AI. A group of six cows having ovarian cyst was kept as untreated Control. Estrus response and conception rates at induced estrus/ fixed time AI were recorded. Blood samples were collected simultaneous to hormonal treatments on four occasions, i.e., on day 0 (day of first treatment), on day 7/11/14 (day of last PGF2α inj.), on day of induced estrus/FTAI, and on day 12 post-AI. The estrus induction response noted within 48 to 96 hrs of last PG injection among cystic cows treated with Ovsynch, Ovsynch + CIDR, Modified Ovsynch and Double PG protocols was 90.00, 100.00, 87.50 and 81.25 %, respectively. The conception rates at induced estrus with FTAI in cows under these protocols were 50.00, 40.00, 50.00 and 43.75 %, respectively. The variations in blood glucose, plasma cortisol, total protein and creatinine concentrations between periods of treatment were, however, statistically non-significant in cows under all four protocols, except creatinine in Ovsynch protocol. Furthermore, the effect of treatment/ period was also statistically non-significant among conceived and non-conceived cows in all four treatment protocols, except blood glucose which was significantly higher in non-conceived cows.
Prevalence of Haemoprotozoan Diseases in Canines
Authors: Mehta H.  K. , . Mahima , Bagherwal RK , Chaurasia R
Published: December 2020

The study was conducted to assess the prevalence of haemoprotozoan diseases in dogs at Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex of the College of Veterinary Science, Mhow (M.P.) during July 2018 to March 2019. Blood sample of 3500 suspected cases of haemoprotozoans affected dogs on the basis of clinical history were microscopically examined after Giemsa stain. The overall prevalence of haemoprotozoan disease was 2.48%. The highest prevalence of Ehrlichiosis (1.342%) was observed followed by Babesia (1.028%), Anaplasmosis (0.057%) and mixed infection (0.057%). The highest prevalence (4.03%) was found in the month of March followed by 3.52% in the month of August. Age wise study showed that the highest prevalence (3.57%) was found in above 18 months age, followed by (2.85%) 7 to 18 months. Sex wise prevalence revealed that males were more susceptible as compared to females.
Sarcoptic Mange and its Successful Therapeutic Management in Rabbits
Authors: Rao Neha , Parmar JJ , Sadhu DB , Shah AI , Patel DM
Published: December 2020

Rabbits are vulnerable to get variety of parasitic infestations and among them the incidence of mange is quite high (Rajeshwari et al., 2001). Sarcoptes mange infestation is one of the most common and major constraint in commercial rabbit production in India (Darzi et al., 2007). Burrowing mites (Sarcoptes scabiei and Notoedres cati) present a zoonotic danger; affecting dogs, cats and humans causing a transient itching dermatosis. Sarcoptes scabiei is more common mange in rabbits and distinguished by presence or absence of prurites, morphology of mite and distribution of lesions and if left untreated may cause significant morbidity and economic losses (Bhardwaj et al., 2012). Ivermectin is used as broad spectrum parasiticide in domestic animals and is also used for acariosis (Aulakh et al., 2003). The present communication reports successful therapeutic management of Sarcoptic mange in rabbits with ivermectin.
Effect of Seed Extracts of Vigna unguiculta and Hordeum vulgare on Kidney Homogenate and Rat Kidney Injury Molecule-1 in Ethylene Glycol and Ammonium Chloride Induced Urolithasis in Rats
Authors: Raval S. K. , Patel Monika , Modi R. J.
Published: December 2020

The experiment was carried out to study the therapeutic efficacy of aqueous, alcoholic, and biherbal extracts of Vigna unguiculata (VU) and Hordeum vulgare (HV) in ethylene glycol and ammonium chloride-induced urolithiasis in female Wistar rats. Rats were divided into 14 groups, each of 6 rats, except the lithiatic control group, which consisted of 8 rats. Group I and II served as lithiatic and vehicle control, respectively. In group I and III to XIV urolithiasis were induced by administration of 0.75 % (v/v) ethylene glycol and 2% (w/v) ammonium chloride along with drinking water for 28 days. Group II was given 0.5% sodium bicarbonate. After the 28th day, the rats of urolithiatic treatment Groups III to XIV were given aqueous and alcoholic seed extracts of VU and HV @ 200 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg b.wt. orally as either single extract or combination as biherbal extracts (1:1) in 0.5 % sodium bicarbonate for another 35 days using syringe and rat gavage needle. Blood samples were collected twice: on the 28th day of induction of urolithiasis and 63rd day experiment/herbal treatment. Significantly (p less than 0.01) increased levels of calcium, oxalate, phosphate, and decreased levels of magnesium in the kidney homogenate were observed in the calculi induced groups as compared to the vehicle control group on 28th day. However, significantly increased rat Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1) was observed in the calculi induced groups as compared to the vehicle control group in serum on the 28th day. Results of kidney homogenate and KIM-1 revealed that aqueous and alcoholic extracts of VU and HV possess good therapeutic efficacy against urolithiasis. The effect of biherbal alcoholic extract of the seeds at higher dose rate was much better in reducing or normalizing the values of most traits by 35 days of treatment, i.e., by 63rd day of the experiment and thus the continuation of treatment for some more days would be expected to restore the normal profile.
Effect of Dietary Inclusion of Combination of Inulin and Saponin on Egg Qualities of Laying Hens
Authors: Lonkar V. D. , Yenge GD , Ranade AS , Doiphode AY , Patodkar VR , Mote CS
Published: December 2020

Effect of supplementation of combination of two feed additives, inulin from Chicory root powder (Cichorium intybus L.) and saponin from Sapindaceae plant powder on egg qualities in laying hens of “BV300”strain was studied from 21-52 week of age (32 weeks period). Total 300 laying hens at 21 week of age were randomly assigned to three equal groups (A, B and C) of 100 hens each. Group A received control basal diet. Group B received basal diet with combination of 0.1g inulin and 0.005g of saponin /kg of feed Group C received basal diet with combination of 0.167 g inulin and 0.0083 g saponin/kg of feed. Egg quality parameters like Egg Weight (EW), Yolk Weight (YW), Albumen Weight (AW) and Shell Weight (SW), Shape Index (SI) and Shell Thickness (ST) were recorded at monthly interval from 21 to 52 week of age. Results of the study indicated that the EW, AW and SW were improved significantly (p less than 0.05) in group B compared to group C and group A without any adverse effect. However, there was no adverse effect of additives on these egg quality parameters at higher dose level in the diet.
Correlations Amongst Functional and Morphological Attributes and Oxidative Markers of Fresh and Cryopreserved Semen of Gir and Murrah Bulls
Authors: Dhami A. J. , Patel Tapasvi M , Chaudhari DV
Published: December 2020

This study was undertaken during the winter season on healthy mature Gir cattle and Murrah buffalo bulls (n=3 each). The semen samples (6 ejaculates/bull, total 36 ejaculates) collected in the morning using artificial vagina were evaluated for routine seminal attributes, including acrosomal and plasma membrane integrity. The samples were then diluted @ 100 million sperm/ml with tris fructose yolk glycerol extender without and with sericin @ 0.1, 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0% (w/v), filled in French mini-straws, and frozen in LN2 using biofreezer as per standard freezing protocol. Straws were thawed in water bath at 37°C for 30 sec and evaluated for post-thaw quality, viz., motility, viability, morphology, acrosome integrity and plasma membrane integrity (HOST). Lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde - MDA production) and activities of enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were assessed as oxidative markers in seminal plasma of freshly diluted and frozen-thawed semen samples. Sericn at 0.5% level significantly (p less than 0.01) improved the post-thaw sperm quality with reduced oxidative stress in both the species. The breed-wise correlation coefficients (r) among sperm quality attributes and oxidative markers were studied in fresh and frozen-thawed semen of each species, and also for fresh with frozen-thawed semen. The findings revealed significant interrelationships amongst most of the attributes of fresh as well as post-thawed semen and also of fresh semen attributes with those of cryopreserved semen including oxidative markers in both the species. Sperm motility estimation in fresh, pre-freeze and post-thawed semen was a legitimately good indicator of quality of spermatozoa at various steps of semen processing/freezing, and its fertilizing potential. Thus, the sperm motility, HOS test and either MDA or SOD/GPx activity alone may be used as valuable and practical tools for routine assessment of bovine semen quality considering significant correlations found between them.
Factors Affecting Lactation Performance of Deoni Cattle
Authors: G Supriya , Waghmare Prashant , Patil Vivek , Rathod Prakashkumar , . Vidyasagar
Published: December 2020

The research was conducted on 78 lactation records of 78 Deoni cows over three years to analyze the effect of non-genetic factors on lactation performance traits. Data of lactation records were analyzed to determine the effect of age, parity, a period of calving and season of calving on lactation traits, viz., lactation milk yield (LMY), peak milk yield (PMY), lactation length (LL) and persistency of lactation. The findings revealed that age group and parity had a significant (p ≤0.05) effect on lactation milk yield, but not the period of calving and season of calving. Further, only the parity had a significant (P≤0.05) effect on peak milk yield of Deoni cattle but not the age group, period of calving, and season of calving. The other two traits, namely lactation length, and persistence was not influenced significantly by any the non-genetic factors evaluated in Deoni cattle.
Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in dogs
Authors: Jayalakshmi V , Tamilarasu S , Srinivas VM Vivek , Barbuddhe SB , Antony PX , Mukhopadhyay HK
Published: December 2020

Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) in dogs were carried out. A total of 25 ear swabs were collected aseptically from both diseased (otitis externa) and apparently healthy dogs (for vaccination) presented to teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education and Research (RIVER), Puducherry. On analysis of 25 ear swab samples, a total of 14 (56%) Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (S. pseudintermedius) isolates were recovered, 6 (24%) isolates from healthy, and 8 (32%) isolates from diseased dogs. Among the 14 S. pseudintermedius isolates, eight isolates for mecA, which is 21.40% (3/14), and 35.70% (5/14) of MRSP isolates were detected in healthy and diseased dogs, respectively. The present study highlighted the presence of MRSP in dogs in Puducherry region.
Sensitivity, Specificity and Predictive Values of Cytological and Microbiological Findings of Endometrial Biopsy, Cytobrush and Low Volume Uterine Lavage in Relation to Endometrial Histology in Barren Mares
Authors: Mathew Agnus , Patel DM , Hadiya KK
Published: December 2020

This study was carried out on 10 infertile barren mares to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, predictive values and agreement (kappa value) of cytological and microbiological findings of three diagnosing techniques of endometritis, viz., endometrial biopsy (EB), cytobrush (CB) and low volume uterine lavage (LVL) in relation to endometrial histology. When histological examinations from EB were used as “the best standard,” the sensitivity of cytology from EB, CB and LVL technique was 0.33, 0.50 and 0.50; specificity 0.75, 1.00 and 0.75; positive predictive value 0.66, 1.00 and 0.75, and negative predictive value was 0.42, 0.57 and 0.50, respectively. The sensitivity of bacteriology from EB, CB and LVL technique was 0.83, 0.83 and 1.00; the specificity was 0.75, 0.75 and 0.50; positive predictive value 0.83, 0.83 and 0.75, and the negative predictive value was 0.75, 0.75 and 1.00, respectively. In all the cases, the sensitivity of the bacteriology was found to be higher than the sensitivity of cytology. When the results of cytological and bacteriological examinations were combined, no any increase in the sensitivity was found. Bacteriology and cytology from CB showed the highest positive predictive value demonstrating that a positive result is an accurate indication of endometritis. Sensitivity values were always higher if smears were evaluated according to PMNs to epithelial cell ratio, and the highest values were observed in specimens collected from CB and LVL. The evaluation of cytological smears based on counting PMNs in relation to epithelial cells was a better method for diagnosis of endometritis than counting the number of PMNs per high power microscopic field (k value 0.07-0.47 vs. 0.00). The agreement of the diagnosis of endometritis between the three techniques of the collection was from fair to poor and between the different criteria adopted to evaluate smears was always poor. However, the agreement of the diagnosis of endometritis by the microbial culture was moderate between the three techniques of the collection (k value 0.55-0.58).
Utilization of Social Media for Accessing Scientific Information by Livestock Farmers in Karnataka State
Authors: Raj UM Rakshith , Satyanarayan K , Jagadeeswary V , Rathod Prakashkumar , Kumar S Naveen , Mahadevappa DG
Published: December 2020

The agricultural and livestock research, education, and extension are important components for increasing production and meeting the demands of the growing population with sustainability. In this context, knowledge or information is very critical for improving the production under the present extension delivery system in India. Several studies have highlighted emerging ICTs which have the potential to reach the mass population at a limited time despite traditional media. One such emerging ICT is Social Media, which is utilized by most of the stakeholders, including farmers around the globe. Hence, for documenting its application for livestock information needs among the livestock farmers, an ex-post-facto exploratory study was conducted in Southern Karnataka using 108 purposively selected farmers, which comprised of 36 farmers each belonging to dairy, poultry and sheep and goat husbandry with pre-tested structured interview schedule. Majority of the farmers in each category were aware about social media and possessed social media accounts with highest number of WhatsApp accounts being possessed by the farmers. Social media was utilized for obtaining information about latest livestock production and management practices in all the categories. From these findings, it could be elucidated that the respondents predominantly perceived that social media had higher benefits in attaining livestock related information and adoption of digital knowledge into practice.
Juvenile Cellulitis in a Dachshund Puppy – A Case Report
Authors: Unny N Madhavan , Nath MR Krishna , Pillai Usha Narayana
Published: December 2020

Juvenile cellulitis is an uncommon, idiopathic granulomatous and pustular disorder of the face, pinnae and submandibular lymph nodes (Miller et al., 2013). The condition is also called juvenile sterile granulomatous dermatitis and lymphadenitis, juvenile pyoderma, and puppy strangles. Puppies less than 4-month-old are the most susceptible group with a greater breed predisposition for Labrador Retrievers, Dachshunds, Golden Retrievers, Siberian Huskies and Lhasa Apsos. Acute occurrence is commonly seen. Without proper diagnosis and therapeutic intervention, rapid progression, and worsening of the condition occur.
Periodontal Diseases and their Surgical Management in Dogs
Authors: Talekar SH , Khatariya MD , Ahlawat AR , Dodia VD , Kalaria VA
Published: December 2020

The present retrospective surveillance (n = 48) and actual dental scaling (n = 20) work were conducted on dogs of either sex from 2 to 12 years in different breeds with periodontal diseases (PD) presented to the VCC, Junagadh. Among the 48 retrospective cases, the higher incidence was recorded in dogs above 6 years of age (56.25 %) followed by 3-6 years (37.5 %) and less than 3 years of age (6.25 %), particularly affecting male dogs (70.83 %). Pomeranian/Spitz breed was affected the most (39.58 %, 19/48), followed by German shepherd (16.67 %), Labrador retriever (14.58 %), non-descript (14.58 %), and other 4 to 6%. The highest incidence of stage 4 PD was noticed in the dogs of > 6 years of age (53.84 %). Among 20 dogs of the current year, the major complaint was halitosis (70 %) and sticky salivation (55 %), followed by anorexia (35 %), pawing at mouth (20 %) and facial swelling (15 %). 11 out of 20 dogs (55 %) were maintained on a purely vegetarian diet and rest 9 (45 %) on veg and non-veg diet. Oral examination of dogs revealed a varying degree of dental plaque in all 20 cases (100 %), followed by dental calculus (85 %), gingival recession (45 %), gingival hyperplasia (30 %) and tooth fracture (15 %). Plaque index (PI) 2 was observed maximum in 11 (55 %) dogs, followed by PI 1 in 7 (35 %) and PI 3 in 2 (10 %) dogs. Dogs suffered maximum with CI 2 type calculus (45 %), followed by CI 1 (25 %) and CI 3 (20 %). Furcation of a varying degree was noticed only in 8 40% dogs out of 20, which was classified as FE 1 in 4 (20 %), followed by FE 3 and FE 2 in 2 cases each (10 %). In 13 out of 20 dogs, periodontal probing depth was less than 3 mm, whereas it was 4 mm and > 5 mm in 4 (20 %) and 3 (15 %) dogs, respectively. Most effective dental scaling could be performed under diazepam-ketamine general anesthesia by using an ultrasonic piezo scaler tip at a 45° angle to the tooth surface for removal of calculus.
Effect of Weaning Age on Carcass Characteristics of Crossbred Piglets Reared under Intensive System and Slaughtered at 70 Kilogram Body Weight
Authors: Moreki John Cassius , Montsho Theresa Theresia , Patel J. A. , Tsopito Christopher Mareledi , Nsoso Shalaulani James
Published: December 2020

This study investigated the effect of weaning age on carcass characteristics of crossbred piglets reared up to 70 kg body weight (BW) under intensive system. A total of 24 piglets were used in a completely randomized design. The experiment comprised three treatments: piglets weaned at 21, 28, and 35 days of age with four replicates each with two piglets (castrate and female). At 70 kg BW two piglets (castrate and female) were randomly selected from each replicate and sacrificed for carcass evaluation. Hot carcass weight (HCW) was measured and thereafter dressing out percentage was calculated. Carcasses were chilled at 7 0C for 24 hours to determine cold dressed weight (CDW). Carcasses were cut into the left and right halves along the median line. The left half of the carcass was used to measure carcass length (CRLTH), average backfat depth and longissimus muscle area (LMA) at the 10th rib, while the right half of the carcass was physically dissected into bone, muscle and fat and thereafter tissue ratios calculated. Longissimus muscle was removed at the 10th and 11th ribs from the left half of the carcass for chemical composition analysis. Data were analysed using General Linear Model. Weaning age had no influence (p > 0.05) on HCW, dressing percentage, CDW, CRLTH, average backfat thickness, average backfat depth, LMA and carcass lean percentage. No significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed on average percentages of bone, muscle and fat tissue and their tissue ratios. Weaning age did not influence (p > 0.05) moisture, protein, fat and ash contents of the meat. In addition, weaning age had no (p > 0.05) effect on carcass characteristics, physical and chemical body composition of meat. These results indicate that piglets can be weaned at 21, 28 and 35 days of age without detrimental effects on carcass characteristics, physical and chemical body composition of pork.
Epidemiology and Haemato-Biochemical Changes in Mange Infested Camels
Authors: Pandya Nidhi R , Mandali Ghanshyam C , Dave Keshank M
Published: December 2020

Mange in camel, also named as sarcopticosis is defined as an extremely contagious skin disease characterized by scab formation, pruritic dermatitis, thickening and corrugation of skin and hair loss. A total of 21 positive cases of mange infestation were selected from those presented at the Veterinary Clinical Complex of the College, in Anand and from surrounding villages. The affected camels were divided into 3 groups, viz., B, C, D each group comprised of 7 camels, while seven healthy camels in group A served as control. The maximum prevalence of sarcoptic mange among infected animals was found in the age group of >6 years (52.38 %), followed by 4-6 years (38.09 %) and in less than 3 years age groups (9.52 %), and also in females than the males (85.71 vs 14.29%). The levels of haematological values, viz., haemoglobin, total erythrocytes count, packed cell volume, neutrophils, basophils, MCV and MCH were found to be significantly (p less than 0.05) decreased, whereas the total leukocytes count, lymphocytes and eosinophils were increased significantly (p less than 0.05) in mange affected camel as compared to healthy ones. The biochemical constituents, viz., total serum protein, alanine aminotransferase and zinc concentrations were found significantly (p less than 0.05) lower. In contrast, serum creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase and copper concentrations were increased significantly (p less than 0.05) in mange affected camels. The changes reflected that the mange infestation causes hepatocellular and renal damage, apart from general stress to the camel.
Isolation, Biochemical Characterization, Antibiogram Pattern and PCR Based Confirmation of Brucella from Cows and Buffaloes
Authors: Patel Ritesh N. , Roy Ashish , Bhanderi Bharat B , Vagheshwari Dhaval H
Published: December 2020

Brucellosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease that still constitutes a major public health problem in India. In the current study, Brucella were isolated from aborted samples and typed by both molecular and conventional techniques. A total 114 aborted samples were collected from cows and buffaloes in and around Anand district. Aborted samples were cultured on the Brucella agar medium and incubated for 24–48 h. Three samples from cow were found to be positive for Brucella. All the isolates were positive for catalase, oxidase and nitrate reduction while negative for urease reaction, indole test, VP test, motility examination and production of H2S. For the detection of Brucella DNA by PCR, three different genus-specific primer pairs viz., B4/B5, JPF/JPR, and F4/R2 were used. All three Brucella isolates were positive by B4/B5 and F4/R2, while two isolates were positive for JPF/JPR. For species-level identification of Brucella isolates were subjected to AMOS PCR and Bruce-ladder PCR, and were found to be B. abortus.
In Vitro Detection of Acaricidal Resistance Status of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus against Commercial Preparation of Deltamethrin in Coastal Areas of South Gujarat, India
Authors: Patel Dharmesh C , Solanki Jayesh B , Kumar Niranjan
Published: December 2020

A total of 2617 bovines (1682 cattle and 935 buffaloes) of coastal districts (Bharuch, Surat, Navsari and Valsad) of South Gujarat were screened for tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, the most economically important ectoparasite of bovines worldwide. Farmers chiefly relied on chemical acaricides (67.52%) to kill the ticks, and under chemical method 44.09, 24.17, 30.50 and 1.24 % animals had received cypermethrin, deltamethrin, ivermectin and fipronil, respectively, thus favouring the resistance. In adult immersion test (AIT), the median lethal concentration (LC50) was 144.23, 93.97, 141.67 and 57.89 ppm for deltamethrin in Bharuch, Surat, Navsari and Valsad district, respectively. Resistance level was I in Valsad and II in other 3 districts for deltamethrin in AIT. In larval packet test (LPT), the median LC50 was 297.29, 126.81, 127.83 and 93.92 ppm for deltamethrin in Bharuch, Surat, Navsari and Valsad district, respectively. Resistance level was III in Bharuch and II in other district in LPT.
The Quality of Instructional YouTube Videos for the Administration of Intranasal Spray: Observational Study
Authors: Peters-Geven Marije M , Rollema Corine , Metting Esther I , van Roon Eric N , de Vries Tjalling W
Published: December 2020

Background

Allergic rhinitis is a common disorder affecting both children and adults. Recommended treatment consists of intranasal corticosteroid spray administration, but only few patients administer the nasal spray in the correct technical manner. A wrong administration technique may result in side effects and affect the efficacy and adherence, thus making accurate administration instructions indispensable. Unfortunately, information about intranasal drug administration is generally not explained accurately, thereby leading to confusion among patients and inaccuracy in the self-administration of drugs.

Objective

In this study, we analyzed instructional videos available on YouTube for the administration of nasal sprays for allergic rhinitis. Our aim was to determine if the videos provided instructions in accordance with the standardized nationwide patient protocol in the Netherlands for intranasal spray administration.

Methods

Instructional videos for the administration of aqueous formulations of nasal spray for allergic rhinitis were found on YouTube. All videos were reviewed by 2 researchers and scored using the instructions from the Dutch standardized protocol. Correct instructions were given a score of 1, while incorrect or missing instructions were given a score of 0. The interrater reliability using Cohen ĸ was used to determine the differences in the scores between the researchers.

Results

We identified 33 YouTube videos made by different health care professionals and pharmaceutical companies around the world. None of the videos displayed all the steps correctly, while 5 of the 33 (15%) videos displayed over 75% of the steps correctly. The median score of the correctly displayed steps was 11 out of 19 (range 2-17, IQR 6). The interrater reliability using Cohen ĸ was statistically significant (range 0.872-1.00, P<.001). The steps “neutral position of the head,” “breathing out through the mouth,” and “periodically cleaning with water” scored the lowest and were incorrectly displayed in 28 (85%), 28 (85%), and 30 (91%) of the 33 videos, respectively.

Conclusions

The findings of our study revealed that only few instructional videos on YouTube provided correct instructions for the administration of nasal sprays to patients. The inaccuracy of the instructions for nasal spray administration in the majority of the videos may lead to confusion in patients and incorrect use of nasal sprays. In the future, it is important to make evidence-based instructional videos that show patients the correct technique of nasal spray administration.

Trial Registration

Not applicable
The Effects of Workplace-Based HIV Self-testing on Uptake of Testing and Linkage to HIV Care or Prevention by Men in Uganda (WISe-Men): Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Trial
Authors: Muwanguzi Patience A , Ngabirano Tom Denis , Kiwanuka Noah , Nelson LaRon E , Nasuuna Esther M , Osingada Charles Peter , Nabunya Racheal , Nakanjako Damalie , Sewankambo Nelson K
Published: December 2020

Background

HIV testing uptake remains low among men in sub-Saharan Africa. HIV self-testing (HIVST) at the workplace is a novel approach to increase the availability of, and access to, testing among men. However, both access and linkage to posttest services remain a challenge.

Objective

The aim of this protocol is to describe a cluster randomized trial (CRT)—Workplace-Based HIV Self-testing Among Men (WISe-Men)—to evaluate the effect of HIVST in workplace settings on the uptake of HIV testing services (HTS) and linkage to treatment and prevention services among men employed in private security services in Uganda.

Methods

This is a two-arm CRT involving men employed in private security services in two Ugandan districts. The participants in the intervention clusters will undergo workplace-based HIVST using OraQuick test kits. Those in the control clusters will receive routine HTS at their work premises. In addition to HTS, participants in both the intervention and control arms will undergo other tests and assessments, which include blood pressure assessment, blood glucose and BMI measurement, and rapid diagnostic testing for syphilis. The primary outcome is the uptake of HIV testing. The secondary outcomes include HIV status reporting, linkage into HIV care and confirmatory testing following HIVST, initiation of antiretroviral therapy following a confirmatory HIV test, the uptake of voluntary medical male circumcision, consistent condom use, and the uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis by the most at-risk populations.

Results

Participant enrollment commenced in February 2020, and the trial is still recruiting study participants. Follow-up for currently enrolled participants is ongoing. Data collection and analysis is expected to be completed in December 2021.

Conclusions

The WISe-Men trial will provide information regarding whether self-testing at worksites increases the uptake of HIV testing as well as the linkage to care and prevention services at male-dominated workplaces in Uganda. Additionally, the findings will help us propose strategies for improving men’s engagement in HTS and ways to improve linkage to further care following a reactive or nonreactive HIVST result.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04164433; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04164433

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/25099
Struktur Komunitas Ikan di Hilir Sungai Cimanuk Provinsi Jawa Barat pada Musim Penghujan
Authors: Herawati Titin , Sidik Rajib Abdul Rahman , Sahidin Asep , Herawati Heti
Published: December 2020

Sungai Cimanuk merupakan sungai kedua terbesar yang ada di Provinsi Jawa Barat setelah Sungai Citarum. Hulu Sungai Cimanuk berada di Gunung Papandayan, Kabupaten Garut, dan bermuara ke Laut Jawa di Kabupaten Indramayu. Riset ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap struktur komunitas ikan yang hidup di hilir Sungai Cimanuk pada musim penghujan bulan Desember 2018 hingga Februari 2019. Riset ini menggunakan metode observasi lapangan dan teknik pengambilan sampel secara sensus di empat stasiun pada koordinat antara 6°39’38,01’’LS 107°13’52,33’’BT sampai 6°16’25,26’’LS 108°14’5,17’’BT. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan satu bulan sekali. Parameter yang diamati yaitu kelimpahan, keanekaragaman, dominansi, keseragaman, struktur komunitas dan kualitas air. Ikan yang dikumpulkan selama riset berjumlah 347 ekor ikan yang menunjukan bahwa struktur komunitas ikan pada setiap stasiun berbeda. Jenis ikan yang teridentifikasi selama riset sebanyak 26 spesies dari 19 famili. Struktur komunitas ikan di stasiun I dan II tertekan, keanekaragaman sedang, dominansi rendah dan keseragaman rendah. Struktur komunitas ikan di stasiun III tertekan, keanekaragaman rendah, dominansi tinggi, dan keseragaman rendah. Struktur komunitas ikan di stasiun IV labil dengan keanekaragaman sedang, dominansi rendah, dan keseragaman sedang. Kualitas air tiap stasiun yang memenuhi persyaratan baku mutu lingkungan. Struktur komunitas ikan di hilir Sungai Cimanuk berbeda dari labil sampai tertekan, dipengaruhi oleh kualitas air dan kondisi sungai.
Analisa Keberlanjutan Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Perikanan di Perairan Selat Madura Jawa Timur
Authors: Hidayah Zainul , Nuzula Nike Ika , Wiyanto Dwi Budi
Published: December 2020

Selat Madura merupakan perairan yang memisahkan antara Pulau Madura dengan daratan Pulau Jawa bagian timur. Sejak tahun 2010 status penangkapan ikan di perairan ini telah melebihi batas lestarinya (over-fishing). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji status keberlanjutan terhadap pengelolaan sumberdaya perikanan dan pengaruhnya terhadap lingkungan serta masyarakat di perairan Selat Madura. Waktu penelitian ini adalah bulan Februari sampai dengan Oktober 2018. Metode Multi Dimensional Scaling (MDS) dengan analisa terhadap 5 dimensi (lingkungan, ekonomi, teknologi, sosial dan kelembagaan) digunakan untuk mengetahui status keberlanjutan pengelolaan perikanan. Data diperoleh dari beberapa sumber, antara lain berasal dari laporan tahunan Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan Jawa Timur, studi-studi terdahulu yang dilakukan di Selat Madura dan wawancara dengan responden kunci. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa untuk dimensi ekologi, ekonomi dan teknologi, pengelolaan perikanan di Selat Madura berada pada status kurang berkelanjutan (skor <50). Sementara itu untuk dimensi sosial dan kelembagaan berada pada status cukup berkelanjutan hingga berkelanjutan. Untuk meningkatkan status keberlanjutan pengelolaan sumber daya perikanan di Selat Madura diperlukan upaya rehabilitasi lingkungan pesisir, bantuan subsidi atau modal bagi nelayan dan pemanfaatan teknologi untuk membantu aktivitas penangkapan ikan
Studi Pertumbuhan dan Biologi Reproduksi Ikan Tambayuk (Puntius lineatus) di Danau Hanjalutung, Kota Palangka Raya
Authors: Elvince Rosana , Aunurafik Aunurafik
Published: December 2020

Danau Hanajalutung merupakan salah satu danau oxbow yang terdapat di Kota Palangka Raya, Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah. Danau tersebut memiliki arti penting bagi penduduk sekitar sebagai tempat melakukan kegiatan perikanan, baik penangkapan maupun kegiatan budidaya. Penelitian yang dilakukan di Danau Hanjalutung untuk mempelajari panjang berat, rasio kelamin dan tingkat kematangan gonad Ikan Tambayuk (Puntius lineatus). Pengambilan sampel ikan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode survei dengan menggunakan jaring insang dengan ukuran mata jaring 1 inch, 1 1/2 inch, 2 inch dan 21/2 inch. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, terdapat 9 famili dengan total 916 ekor ikan yang tertangkap. Sedangkan hubungan panjang berat ikan Tambayuk jantan dan betina adalah allometrik negatif atau pertambahan panjang lebih cepat dari pertambahan beratnya dengan nilai b= 1,450. Rasio kelamin antara jantan dan betina adalah rata-rata 46,76%, dan tingkat kematangan gonad tahap II paling banyak teramati. Ikan Tambayuk didominasi oleh tingTKG II, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ikan Tambayuk yang tertangkap di Danau Hanjalutung pada bulan April dalam tahap pematangan gonad.
Effect of Phosphate-Specific Diet Therapy on Phosphate Levels in Adults Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis
Authors: St-Jules David E. , Rozga Mary R. , Handu Deepa , Carrero Juan Jesus
Published: December 2020

Background and objectives

Hyperphosphatemia is a persistent problem in individuals undergoing maintenance hemodialysis, which may contribute to vascular and bone complications. In some dialysis centers, dietitians work with patients to help them manage serum phosphate. Given the regularity of hyperphosphatemia in this population and constraints on kidney dietitian time, the authors aimed to evaluate the evidence for this practice.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

There was a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and other databases were searched for controlled trials published from January 2000 until November 2019 in the English language. Included studies were required to examine the effect of phosphate-specific diet therapy provided by a dietitian on serum phosphate in individuals on hemodialysis. Risk of bias and certainty of evidence were assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) method.

Results

Of the 8054 titles/abstracts identified, 168 articles were reviewed, and 12 clinical trials (11 randomized, one nonrandomized) were included. Diet therapy reduced serum phosphate compared with controls in all studies, reaching statistical significance in eight studies, although overall certainty of evidence was low, primarily due to randomization issues and deviations from protocol. Monthly diet therapy (20–30 minutes) significantly lowered serum phosphate in patients with persistent hyperphosphatemia for 4–6 months, without compromising nutrition status (mean difference, −0.87 mg/dl; 95% confidence interval, −1.40 to −0.33 mg/dl), but appeared unlikely to maintain these effects if discontinued. Unfortunately, trials were too varied in design, setting, and approach to appropriately pool in meta-analysis, and were too limited in number to evaluate the timing, dose, and strategy of phosphate-specific diet therapy.

Conclusions

There is low-quality evidence that monthly diet therapy by a dietitian appears to be a safe and efficacious treatment for persistent hyperphosphatemia in patients on HD.
Psychological Image of the Childhood in Russian Parents: Tradition and the Present
Authors: Andreeva Alla , Danilova Elena
Published: December 2020

The paper presents the findings of an empirical and theoretical study of the psychological image of the childhood, adopted by parents in upbringing and educating children. Comparative and historical study of the content of the standard image of the childhood developed in the USSR and Russia demonstrates the dynamics of expansion and transformation of the institutional standard model of childhood. The main method of retrospective study was the analysis of Soviet posters, being the major mean of public enlightenment and psychological influence allowing to overcome the limits of the information space, the lack of literacy and the low level of social culture of the majo­rity of the population. The reflection of motherhood and childhood in posters allowed to recreate the history of establishment of the institutional image of the childhood, which is determined by social, economic and ideological objectives of the USSR. Deep political, social and economic changes in present-day Russia have liberated the standard image of the childhood from ideology and suggested other approaches to upbringing and educating children. In the course of the project, the authors have developed descriptive models of a psychological image of the childhood, adopted by parents in choosing an educational environment for children. It confirmed the hypothesis that the assumption that the choice of an educatio­nal environment for a child is a social indicator of parents’ ideas on the value of the childhood, on the modern child, on the role of the parents, on the purposes and significance of education, on the future desired for the child, on the social and cultural resources of the family that form the content of the subjective psychological image of the childhood. The authors came to the conclusion that the institutional image of the childhood dominating in the USSR, imposed externally and directed at the society, was replaced by an ordinary image of the childhood aimed at fostering a competitive person and achieving personal success.