bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-substrate Metabolic Tracing Reveals Marked Heterogeneity and Dependency on Fatty Acid Metabolism in Human Prostate Cancer
Authors: Fidelito Gio , De Souza David P. , Niranjan Birunthi , De Nardo William , Keerthikumar Shivakumar , Brown Kristin , Taylor Renea A. , Watt Matthew J.
Published: December 2022

Cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to meet increased bioenergetic demands. Studies in cells and mice have highlighted the importance of oxidative metabolism and lipogenesis in prostate cancer; however, the metabolic landscape of human prostate cancer remains unclear. To address this knowledge gap, we performed radiometric (14C) and stable (13C) isotope tracing assays in precision-cut slices of patient-derived xenografts (PDX). Glucose, glutamine, and fatty acid oxidation was variably upregulated in malignant PDXs compared with benign PDXs. De novo lipogenesis (DNL) and storage of free fatty acids into phospholipids and triacylglycerols were increased in malignant PDXs. There was no difference in substrate utilization between localized and metastatic PDXs and hierarchical clustering revealed marked metabolic heterogeneity across all PDXs. Mechanistically, glucose utilization was mediated by acetyl-CoA production rather than carboxylation of pyruvate, while glutamine entered the tricarboxylic acid cycle through transaminase reactions before being utilized via oxidative or reductive pathways. Blocking fatty acid uptake or fatty acid oxidation with pharmacologic inhibitors was sufficient to reduce cell viability in PDX-derived organoids, whereas blockade of DNL, or glucose or glutamine oxidation induced variable and limited therapeutic efficacy. These findings demonstrate that human prostate cancer, irrespective of disease stage, can effectively utilize all metabolic substrates, albeit with marked heterogeneity across tumors. We also confirm that fatty acid uptake and oxidation are targetable metabolic dependencies in human prostate cancer.

Implications:

Prostate cancer utilizes multiple substrates to fuel energy requirements, yet pharmacologic targeting of fatty acid uptake and oxidation reveals metabolic dependencies in localized and metastatic tumors.
Literature Review: Effect of Brisk Walking on Blood Sugar Levels in Pa-tients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Sugiyarto Sugiyarto , Sumardino Sumardino , Yusran P. A. Dian Miranda
Published: December 2022

Diabetes is a chronic disease when the pancreas cannot produce enough insulin. Therefore, it takes a good way for sufferers to go through the entire process of diabetes treatment and care. Physical activity, such as brisk walking, has benefited people with diabetes and pre-diabetes. This activity has been shown to increase insulin sensitivity and reduce belly fat. Literature review aims to analyze the application of brisk walking to blood sugar levels in patients with type II diabetes mellitus over the past five years. Methods analysis of articles related to brisk walking in lowering blood sugar levels in patients with type II diabetes mellitus through data obtained from Google Scholar, EBSCO, and PubMed empirical studies in the last five years, as many as eight journals under the inclusion criteria set by the author. An analysis showed that brisk walking could reduce blood sugar levels in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Based on the results of these eight journals, almost all journals have significant impacts that brisk walking affects blood sugar levels in patients with type II diabetes mellitus
THE CHILD IN THE FAMILY: A SPATIAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: TEMELLİ Süreyya
Published: December 2022

In the study, the values attributed to the child in the family were examined with explanatory spatial data analysis by using Turkish Statistical Institute 2016 Turkish Family Structure Survey. In this context, the information of 12 regions of Turkey was used. The values attributed to the child in the family were classified as economic, psychological and social. The child's financial contribution to the parents in the future and old age security for the parents were taken as economic values. As psychological values, the reputation of women who have children and the way children bring parents closer to each other were used. Finally, the son's continuation of the lineage and the son's increase in the mother's reputation were taken as social values of child. As a result of the global spatial autocorrelation tests, the economic value of the child's financial contribution to the parents in the future was found statistically significant. When the clustered relations were examined using LISA maps, the value of the child through his financial contribution to the parents in the future was found high in the Eastern Black Sea, Northeastern Anatolia, Middle East Anatolia and Southeastern Anatolia regions.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FINANCIAL INCLUSION AND INCOME INEQUALITY; EVIDENCE FROM TURKEY
Authors: ÇALIŞ Nevzat , GÖKÇELİ Emre
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of financial inclusion on income inequality in Turkey using the VAR approach from 2010 to 2021. The principal component anaysis technique is employed to create our own indicator representing financial inclusion, which contains the number of POS devices, the number of bank accounts, and the number of ATMs. The findings indicate that there is a reverse link between financial inclusion and income inequality. In other words, financial inclusion associated with more equitable distribution of income in Turkey. Furthermore, the Granger causality test is used to establish the direction of causality between variables. It has been observed that financial inclusion granger causes lower income inequality. However, gini index, which measures income inequality does not granger causes financial inclusion. As a results, a unidirectional causality is found from financial inclusion to income inequality in Turkey.
Emulating the Adaptation of Wind Fields to Complex Terrain with Deep Learning
Authors: Le Toumelin Louis , Gouttevin Isabelle , Helbig Nora , Galiez Clovis , Roux Mathis , Karbou Fatima
Published: December 2022

Estimating the impact of wind-driven snow transport requires modeling wind fields with a lower grid spacing than the spacing on the order of 1 or a few kilometers used in the current numerical weather prediction (NWP) systems. In this context, we introduce a new strategy to downscale wind fields from NWP systems to decametric scales, using high-resolution (30 m) topographic information. Our method (named “DEVINE”) is leveraged on a convolutional neural network (CNN), trained to replicate the behavior of the complex atmospheric model ARPS, and was previously run on a large number (7279) of synthetic Gaussian topographies under controlled weather conditions. A 10-fold cross validation reveals that our CNN is able to accurately emulate the behavior of ARPS (mean absolute error for wind speed = 0.16 m s−1). We then apply DEVINE to real cases in the Alps, that is, downscaling wind fields forecast by the AROME NWP system using information from real alpine topographies. DEVINE proved able to reproduce main features of wind fields in complex terrain (acceleration on ridges, leeward deceleration, and deviations around obstacles). Furthermore, an evaluation on quality-checked observations acquired at 61 sites in the French Alps reveals improved behavior of the downscaled winds (AROME wind speed mean bias is reduced by 27% with DEVINE), especially at the most elevated and exposed stations. Wind direction is, however, only slightly modified. Hence, despite some current limitations inherited from the ARPS simulations setup, DEVINE appears to be an efficient downscaling tool whose minimalist architecture, low input data requirements (NWP wind fields and high-resolution topography), and competitive computing times may be attractive for operational applications.

Significance Statement

Wind largely influences the spatial distribution of snow in mountains, with direct consequences on hydrology and avalanche hazard. Most operational models predicting wind in complex terrain use a grid spacing on the order of several kilometers, too coarse to represent the real patterns of mountain winds. We introduce a novel method based on deep learning to increase this spatial resolution while maintaining acceptable computational costs. Our method mimics the behavior of a complex model that is able to represent part of the complexity of mountain winds by using topographic information only. We compared our results with observations collected in complex terrain and showed that our model improves the representation of winds, notably at the most elevated and exposed observation stations.
Using a Continental-Scale Data Quality Monitoring Framework to Evaluate a New Nonweather Filter for Radar Observations
Authors: Pérez Hortal Andrés A. , Michelson Daniel
Published: December 2022

Removing nonweather echoes is a critical component of the quality control (QC) chain used in the context of radar data assimilation for numerical weather prediction, quantitative precipitation estimation, and nowcasting applications. Recent studies show that using a simple QC method based on the depolarization ratio (DR) performs remarkably well in many situations. Nonetheless, this method may misclassify echoes in regions affected by nonuniform beamfilling or melting particles. This study presents an updated version of this QC used to remove nonweather echoes that uses the DR-based classification together with a set of physically based rules for correcting misclassifications of hail, nonuniform beamfilling, and melting particles. The potential of the new QC is evaluated using a continental-scale monitoring framework that compares the radar observations after QC with the precipitation occurrence derived from aviation routine weather reports (METARs). For this evaluation, the study uses the radar data and the METARs available over North America during the summer of 2019 and winter of 2020. In addition, the study demonstrates the usefulness of the monitoring framework to determine the optimal QC configuration. Some practical limitations of using the METAR-derived precipitation to assess radar data quality are also discussed.
Estimating the Relative Impact of Measurement, Parameter, and Flow Law Errors on Discharge from the Surface Water and Ocean Topography Mission
Authors: Frasson Renato Prata de Moraes , Turmon Michael J. , Durand Michael T. , David Cédric H.
Published: December 2022

The Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission will allow the estimation of discharge in rivers wider than 100 m, filling important gaps in the network of in situ measurements. This novel source of discharge observations has the potential to enable significant progress toward closing Earth’s water budget and creating new understanding of the water cycle. Quantifying the uncertainty in the SWOT estimates of discharge, mapping the error sources, and understanding their relative importance is essential to the fulfillment of this potential. Here, we break the SWOT discharge production process into its essential parts: 1) retrieval of river width and water surface heights and slopes, 2) estimation of unobservable parameters, and 3) computation of discharge with the selected flow law, and through a Monte Carlo simulation study, we assess the sensitivity of the overall discharge error to each of these parts. We analyze the discharge error characteristics in terms of bias, error standard deviation, and the correlation between true and retrieved discharges and map the contribution of the essential discharge production elements to each of the error metrics. Our study revealed that biases in parameters are the most important source of discharge biases, yet we found that a larger than expected fraction of the discharge biases can be attributed to observation errors. Surprisingly, we found that parameter biases are also the most important contributor to discharge error standard deviation and to the deterioration of the correlation between truth and retrieved discharges, which were previously thought of as being controlled by observation errors.
Examining the Effects of Gender Transfer in Virtual Reality on Implicit Gender Bias
Authors: Wu Linfeng , Chen Karen B.
Published: December 2022

Objective

To investigate the effect of gender transfer in virtual reality on implicit gender bias.

Background

Gender bias is a type of discrimination based on gender, which can lead to increased self-doubt and decreased self-esteem. Sexual harassment is a hostile form of gender bias that can cause anxiety, depression, and significant mental health issues. Virtual reality (VR) has been employed to help make people become aware of their biases and change their attitudes regarding gender, race, and age.

Methods

Forty participants were embodied in avatars of different genders and experienced sexual harassment scenarios in VR. A gender Implicit Association Test (IAT) was administered before and after the experience.

Results

There was a statistically significant main effect of participant gender ( F (1,36) = 10.67, p = .002, partial η2 = .23) on ΔIAT, where males and females reported a decrease (M = −.12, SD = .24) and an increase (M = .10, SD = .25) in IAT scores, respectively. A statistically significant two-way interaction between gender transfer and participant gender was revealed ( F (1,36) = 6.32, p = .02, partial η2 = .15). There was a significant simple effect of gender transfer for male participants ( F (1,36) = 8.70, p = .006, partial η2 = .19).

Conclusions

Implicit gender bias can be modified, at least temporarily, through embodiment in VR. Gender transfer through embodiment while encountering different sexual harassment scenarios helped reduce implicit gender bias. There was a tendency for individuals to increase bias for the gender of the avatar in which they embodied.

Applications

The current research provided promising evidence that a virtual environment system may be used as a potential training tool to improve implicit gender bias.
Fault detection and classification of the rotor unbalance based on dynamics features and support vector machine
Authors: Lan Lan , Liu Xiao , Wang Qian
Published: December 2022

Rotor unbalance faults are one of the high-frequency faults in rotating machinery. As such, their accurate and timely diagnosis is important. In contrast to traditional methods based on static features, the dynamics features and support vector machines (SVM) are combined for the accurate detection and classification of rotor unbalance faults. First, the dynamical trajectories of the rotor system associated with unbalance faults are accurately identified locally based on the deterministic learning theory, which is more sensitive to abnormal changes in the rotor system. Second, entropy dynamics features, including the sample entropy, fuzzy entropy, and permutation entropy, are extracted based on the obtained dynamical trajectory data. Finally, the dynamics features are used to train the fault classifier based on the SVM with a Gaussian kernel function. Experiments on a rotor unbalance fault test rig demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The accurate detection and classification of rotor unbalance faults were also achieved compared with the results of employing static time or frequency features.
A distributed algorithm for aggregative games of disturbed Euler-Lagrange systems
Authors: Ma Te , Deng Zhenhua , Hu Chen , Liu Gang
Published: December 2022

An aggregative game of disturbed Euler-Lagrange systems is studied in this paper. The cost function of each player depends on its own decision and the aggregate of all decisions. Different from the well-known aggregative games, the second-order nonlinear dynamic of every player is considered in our problem, and every player is influenced by exogenous disturbances. To seek the Nash equilibrium, a distributed algorithm is developed via state feedback, gradient descent, and internal model. The convergence of the algorithm is analyzed with the help of variational analysis and Lyapunov stability theory. It shows that the Euler-Lagrange players with the proposed algorithm, can asymptotically converge to the Nash equilibrium, even though exogenous disturbances have impact on the behaviors of the players. Finally, a numerical simulation is given to illustrate the effectiveness of our algorithm.
Flow mechanism and axial force distribution characteristics of multistage pump cavity
Authors: Chen Qian , Huan Yang Li , Peng Qi Zhi , Xin Yang Cong , Hui Niu Chen
Published: December 2022

The gap leakage between the impeller ring leads to the change of the pump cavity flow characteristics, resulting in the uneven pressure distribution of shroud, which causes the axial force of the cavity to change. In this paper, the flow in the front and the rear cavity of the multistage centrifugal pump was taken as the research object. Through the numerical method, the radial flow velocity, the leakage flow size and its direction, the core zone rotation factor of the front and the rear cavity of the multistage pump impeller at all stages and the axial force of pump cavity were studied. The results show that the leakage in the front cavity of multistage pump impeller at all stages flows inward along radial direction (i.e. it flows from the inlet of pump cavity to the front ring clearance). The rotation factor in core zone is higher than 0.5, and with the increase of rotation factor, the axial force of the front pump cavity increased. The leakage in the rear pump cavity flows outward along radial direction (i.e. it flows from the rear ring to the inlet of pump cavity). The rotation factor in core zone is less than 0.5, and with the increase of rotation factor, the axial force decreased gradually. Besides, the radial velocity and rotation factor in the front and the rear multistage pump of impellers were obviously along the axial direction at three regions, the regions are pump case boundary layer, core zone and impeller boundary layer. The flow in the core zone is dominated by circumferential circular motion, and the radial velocity in the core zone is 0. It is shown that the direction of the leakage in the pump cavity and the rotation effect of the flow micelle in the mainstream core zone are the main factors affecting the axial force of the pump cavity, and the research results can provide theoretical guidance for the calculation and suppression of axial force of multistage pumps.
How Do Tourists Use Metaheuristics for Decision-Making Mediated by Smartphones in a Destination?
Authors: Liu Shasha , Benckendorff Pierre , Mair Judith
Published: December 2022

The use of smartphones has empowered tourists to make travel decisions while at a destination. The purpose of this paper is to explore how tourists use metaheuristics to achieve a near-optimal solution for onsite decisions mediated by smartphones. An event-based narrative inquiry technique with semi-structured interviews was used to collect the data. The findings identify two types of decision contexts based on temporal and geographic distance to direct experience/consumption. The findings also reveal that tourists use serial heuristics for a near-optimal solution under different decision contexts, and this solution is achieved through three steps of a tourist decision journey including the initialization solution, acceptance and selection, and final decision. These heuristics can be consciously deployed or unconsciously triggered. The findings offer marketing managers direction regarding what to emphasize when delivering marketing stimuli in onsite destination decision-making contexts.
Candida prostatitis: A rare entity
Authors: Singh Shabnam , Singh Meeta , Bains Lovenish , Sagar Tanu
Published: December 2022

Prostatitis may present with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) attributable to acute and chronic bacterial infections (NIH Category I/II) or as asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis (NIH Category IV). Patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome, (CP/CPPS, NIH Category III) may present with a wide range of symptoms resulting from varied etiology, however, seldom caused by fungal infections. Occasional case reports have been published on prostatitis due to Candida sp. We report a case of an elderly diabetic patient who underwent perurethral prostatic resection (TURP) for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and returned with complaints of LUTS and perineal discomfort one month later. After repeat surgery, the TURP chips on histopathology showed features of prostate hyperplasia and prostatitis with numerous hyphae and yeast forms of Candida admixed with acute and chronic inflammatory exudate. After confirmation by special stains and positive urine culture, a final diagnosis of prostatic candidiasis was made.
Cluster-based deep ensemble learning for emotion classification in Internet memes
Authors: Guo Xiaoyu , Ma Jing , Zubiaga Arkaitz
Published: December 2022

Memes have gained popularity as a means to share visual ideas through the Internet and social media by mixing text, images and videos, often for humorous purposes. Research enabling automated analysis of memes has gained attention in recent years, including among others the task of classifying the emotion expressed in memes. In this article, we propose a novel model, cluster-based deep ensemble learning (CDEL), for emotion classification in memes. CDEL is a hybrid model that leverages the benefits of a deep learning model in combination with a clustering algorithm, which enhances the model with additional information after clustering memes with similar facial features. We evaluate the performance of CDEL on a benchmark data set for emotion classification, proving its effectiveness by outperforming a wide range of baseline models and achieving state-of-the-art performance. Further evaluation through ablated models demonstrates the effectiveness of the different components of CDEL.
Resiliency from violent victimization for people with mental disorders: An examination of multiple resiliency models
Authors: Harris Michelle N , Daigle Leah E
Published: December 2022

Research examining prevalence rates and risk factors related to victimization for people with mental disorders has procured considerable attention. Despite this increased attention, why a subset of this population is not victimized, despite elevated risk, is less understood. That is, there is a group of people with mental disorders who are effectively resilient from victimization, but the ways in which resiliency is produced is not known. Using the National Comorbidity Study–Adolescent supplement data, the applicability of numerous resiliency models is examined to identify and understand how the resiliency from victimization process operates for people with mental disorders. Building off previous work, factors specific to mental illness are also included in additional models to examine whether the same factors relate to resiliency for people with mental illness as they do for other samples. Results indicate support for the compensatory and protective-protective resilience models when mental health-specific factors are excluded from the analyses. Results change, however, when mental health-specific variables are included in the analyses, suggesting the need for continued research on resiliency for this population.
Peer Community and Teacher Closeness as Moderators of the Association Between Peer Status and Aggression
Authors: Kim Jingu , Cillessen Antonius H. N.
Published: December 2022

The goal of this study was to examine the unique associations of aggression with peer status in a non-Western context. The moderating effects of peer community and teacher closeness at the classroom level and gender and grade at the individual level were considered. Participants were 1954 third to sixth grade students (Mage = 9.60 years, SD = 0.97; 49% girls) in South Korea. As in Western studies, overt aggression negatively predicted preference, relational aggression positively predicted popularity, and these associations were stronger in early adolescence than in middle childhood. Whereas the association between relational aggression and peer status was stronger for boys than girls and peaked in sixth grade. Peer community moderated the association between relational aggression and popularity. Specifically, relational aggression predicted popularity in non-communal classrooms, but not in communal classrooms. Future research should address cultural differences in social relatedness and their implications for fostering peer community in classrooms.
An examination of collegiate musicians’ ability to discern conductor intent
Authors: Silvey Brian A , Montemayor Mark , Davis Allison
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this two-experiment study was to examine collegiate musicians’ ability to discern conductor intent. In Experiment 1, participants ( N = 44) viewed two videos of Sir Simon Rattle conducting an ensemble performing an excerpt of the Finale to Gustav Mahler’s Symphony No. 2. One video featured the original performance, whereas the other video was synchronized with a different audio recording from a video of a performance led by Leonard Bernstein. When asked whether any of the two videos were mismatched, results indicated that the proportion of correct responses among our participants differed significantly from chance. In Experiment 2, participants ( N = 127) watched two sets of videos, either matched (unaltered) or mismatched versions of videos featuring Sir Simon Rattle and Leonard Bernstein, and were asked to rate how well the musical intent of the conductor matched the performance of the ensemble they viewed. Although we found a nonsignificant overall result ( p = .053) when comparing the matched and mismatched videos, we found a significant difference in participants’ ratings between the matched and mismatched Rattle videos, but not for those featuring Bernstein. Our findings suggest that a conductor’s visual contribution to the performance can enhance or detract from the observers’ musical experience.
Whose Satan? U.S. mainstream media depictions of The Satanic Temple
Authors: Escamilla Ramón
Published: December 2022

Based on a corpus of 40 U.S. news articles and transcribed news videos, I bring together techniques from Critical Discourse Analysis with concepts from cognitive linguistics in analyzing mainstream portrayals of The Satanic Temple (TST), a newer, non-supernaturalist religion. I probe quotation, lexis, and metaphor, and interrogate patterns through the lenses of framing, radial category structure, and Lakoff’s Idealized Cognitive Models. I draw form-based parallels between mainstream U.S media portrayals of TST and accounts from the CDA literature of othering portrayals of other marginalized groups, in the U.S. and elsewhere. I submit that many accounts of TST are sensationalist, and propose reclamation as a useful lens for understanding the contemporary Satanist identity. I suggest that research on news values, particularly Bednarek and Caple’s concept of Negativity, is a useful avenue for further research.
DNA methylation alterations in systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review of case-control studies
Authors: Ehtesham Naeim , Habibi Kavashkohie Mohammad Reza , Mazhari Seyed Amirhossein , Azhdari Sara , Ranjbar Hamta , Mosallaei Meysam , Hazrati Ebrahim , Behroozi Javad
Published: December 2022

Background

Traditionally, the diagnosis and monitoring of disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are contingent upon clinical manifestations and serological markers. However, researchers are struggling to find biomarkers with higher sensitivity and specificity. DNA methylation has been the most studied epigenetic feature in SLE. So, in this study, we performed a systematic review of studies about DNA methylation alterations in SLE patients compared to healthy controls.

Methods

By searching PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar up to July 2022, all case-control studies in which DNA methylation of specific genes was assessed by a non-high-throughput technique and passed the quality of bias assessment were included.

Results

In total, 44 eligible studies underwent a data extraction process. In all, 3471 SLE patients and 1028 healthy individuals were included. Among the studies that reported the patients’ gender ( n = 2853), 89.41% were female and 10.59% were male. Forty studies have been conducted on adult patients. The number of works on fractionated and unfractionated blood cells was almost equal. In this regard, 22 studies were conducted on whole blood or peripheral blood mononuclear cells and two studies on unfractionated white blood cells. Sorted blood cells were biological sources in 20 studies. The most investigated gene was IFI44L. Sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic power of methylation levels were only reported for IFI44L in five studies. The most employed methylation profiling method was bisulfite sequencing polymerase chain reaction. The correlation between methylation patterns and clinical parameters was explored in 22 studies, which of them 16 publications displayed a remarkable association between DNA methylation status and clinical indices.

Conclusions

The methylation status of some genes especially IFI44L, FOXP3, and MX1 has been suggested as promising SLE biomarkers. However, given the conflicting findings between studies because of potential confounders such as different sample types, methylation profiling methods, and ethnicity as well as shared DNA methylation patterns of SLE and other autoimmune diseases, DNA methylation biomarkers are currently not reliable diagnostic biomarkers and do not represent surrogate markers of SLE disease activity. Future investigations on a larger scale with the discarding of limitations of previous studies would probably lead to a consensus.
Shaping OTT Movie Consumption through Immersive Cinema: A Qualitative Investigation of Consumer Perspectives
Authors: Basu Avirupa , Mandal Pratap Chandra , Murti Ashutosh Bishnu , Makany Tamas
Published: December 2022

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the entertainment sector saw a worldwide disruption with restrictions on outdoor activities. Consequently, consumers turned towards video and music streaming services for their entertainment consumption. Several film studios have taken the digital release route on over-the-top (OTT) sites to avoid revenue losses and indefinite delays. However, these non-theatrical OTT film releases need to experiment with different strategies to bring the experiences to par with theatrical ones. This exploratory study aims to provide insights on whether Immersive Cinema can be used to imitate the physical world through digital simulation on OTT platforms to gain credibility in a competitive entertainment market. We conducted semi-structured, qualitative interviews with 21 consumers and Focus Group Discussions with 14 MBA students to understand perspectives about Immersive Cinema consumption on OTT platforms and its potential when compared to traditional theatrical releases. Using the findings of this study, OTT platforms can curate their new films as a direct alternative to theatrical releases.
Catholicity and the Catholic Church: Protestant Concerns and (Roman) Catholic Perspectives
Authors: Levering Matthew
Published: December 2022

This essay takes up recent Protestant concerns about Catholic theology's understanding of the Church's mark of catholicity. Wesleyan and Reformed authors have argued that the (Roman) Catholic Church is “Roman” but not “catholic.” In their view, the problem is that the Catholic theological conception of catholicity focuses on union with the pope (or bishop of Rome). In a nutshell, Rome has decreed that to possess the mark of universality means to be in communion with Rome. Recent Protestant authors have made the point that not only is this arrogant and narrow, but also it is implausible given that the majority of Christians in the world are not (Roman) Catholic. My essay's first section lays out these concerns, which of course are not new. In my second section, I examine recent Catholic theological perspectives on catholicity. I conclude by suggesting a threefold path forward.
‘Show me what happened’: Low technology communication aids used in intermediary mediated police investigative interviews with vulnerable witnesses with an intellectual disability
Authors: Pereira Tina , Aldridge Michelle
Published: December 2022

This study investigates the manner in which two types of communication aids (wooden mannequins and line drawings) that are selected, introduced and managed in real intermediary-mediated police investigative interviews, improve the quality of evidence with vulnerable witnesses and victims with an intellectual disability. Multimodality interactional work carried out by the interviewing police officer, an intermediary and the vulnerable witness with limited verbal abilities to answer the open question, ‘What happened?’ is analysed. We demonstrate that low technology communication aids can successfully be utilised to elicit the same type of information from those with limited verbal abilities, as the verbal open question ‘What happened?’, in an unrehearsed and unbiased manner. Aids used in this manner retain the functionality of open questions while reducing their linguistic complexity. This validates the importance of adopting special measures such as the involvement of an intermediary and communication aids in investigative interviews to promote equal opportunities and a fair trial for all.
Apelin-13 prevents the effects of oxygen–glucose deprivation/reperfusion on bEnd.3 cells by inhibiting AKT–mTOR signaling
Authors: Zhang Rumin , Wu Fei , Cheng Baohua , Wang Chunmei , Bai Bo , Chen Jing
Published: December 2022

Autophagy plays works by degrading misfolded proteins and dysfunctional organelles and maintains intracellular homeostasis. Apelin-13 has been investigated as an agent that might protect the blood–brain barrier (BBB) from cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. In this study, we examined whether apelin-13 protects cerebral microvascular endothelial cells, important components of the BBB, from I/R injury by regulating autophagy. To mimic I/R injury, the mouse cerebral microvascular endothelia l cell line bEnd 3 undergoes the process of oxygen and glucose deprivation and re feeding in the process of culture. Cell viability was detected using a commercial kit, and cell migration was monitored by in vitro scratch assay. The tight junction (TJ) proteins ZO-1 and occludin; the autophagy markers LC3 II, beclin 1, and p62; and components of the AKT–mTOR signaling pathway were detected by Western blotting and immunofluorescence. To confirm the role of autophagy in OGD/R and the protective effect of apelin-13, we treated the cells with 3-methyladenine (3-MA), a pharmacological inhibitor of autophagy. Our results demonstrated that OGD/R increased autophagic activity but decreased viability, abundance of TJs, and migration. Viability and TJ abundance were further reduced when the OGD/R group was treated with 3-MA. These results indicated that bEnd.3 upregulates autophagy to ameliorate the effects of OGD/R injury on viability and TJs, but that the autophagy induced by OGD/R alone is not sufficient to protect against the effect on cell migration. Treatment of OGD/R samples with apelin-13 markedly increased viability, TJ abundance, and migration, as well as autophagic activity, whereas 3-MA inhibited this increase, suggesting that apelin-13 exerted its protective effects by upregulating autophagy.
Integrating Transformative Considerations and Quantitative Results Through a Participant Selection Joint Display in Explanatory Sequential Mixed Methods Studies
Authors: James Tyler G. , DeJonckheere Melissa , Guetterman Timothy C.
Published: December 2022

Integrating philosophical or paradigmatic dimensions in mixed methods research studies facilitates the development of stronger meta-inferences. The transformative paradigm and the explanatory sequential mixed methods design share a focus on developing sampling criteria, but with different priorities. This article contributes to the field of mixed methods research by presenting a method of integrating transformative sampling considerations in explanatory sequential designs through a participant selection joint display. The approach presented addresses concerns regarding transparency of research decisions in mixed methods studies, while providing a method of centering the transformative paradigm in mixed methods integration procedures.
High resolution 7T MR imaging in characterizing culprit intracranial atherosclerotic plaques
Authors: Fakih Rami , Varon Miller Alberto , Raghuram Ashrita , Sanchez Sebastian , Miller Jacob M , Kandemirli Sedat , Zhu Chengcheng , Shaban Amir , Leira Enrique C , Samaniego Edgar A
Published: December 2022

Background

Current imaging modalities underestimate the severity of intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD). High resolution vessel wall imaging (HR-VWI) MRI is a powerful tool in characterizing plaques. We aim to show that HR-VWI MRI is more accurate at detecting and characterizing intracranial plaques compared to digital subtraction angiography (DSA), time-of-flight (TOF) MRA, and computed tomography angiogram (CTA).

Methods

Patients with symptomatic ICAD prospectively underwent 7T HR-VWI. We calculated: degree of stenosis, plaque burden (PB), and remodeling index (RI). The sensitivity of detecting a culprit plaque for each modality as well as the correlations between different variables were analyzed. Interobserver agreement on the determination of a culprit plaque on every imaging modality was evaluated.

Results

A total of 44 patients underwent HR-VWI. Thirty-four patients had CTA, 18 TOF-MRA, and 18 DSA. The sensitivity of plaque detection was 88% for DSA, 78% for TOF-MRA, and 76% for CTA. There's significant positive correlation between PB and degree of stenosis on HR-VWI MRI (p < 0.001), but not between PB and degree of stenosis in DSA (p = 0.168), TOF-MRA (p = 0.144), and CTA (p = 0.253). RI had a significant negative correlation with degree of stenosis on HR-VWI MRI (p = 0.003), but not on DSA (p = 0.783), TOF-MRA (p = 0.405), or CTA (p = 0.751). The best inter-rater agreement for culprit plaque detection was with HR-VWI (p = 0.001).

Conclusions

The degree of stenosis measured by intra-luminal techniques does not fully reflect the true extent of ICAD. HR-VWI is a more accurate tool in characterizing atherosclerotic plaques and may be the default imaging modality in clinical practice.
Current state of CAR-T therapy for T-cell malignancies
Authors: Luo Liangkui , Zhou Xuan , Zhou Lijuan , Liang Zhao , Yang Jilong , Tu Sanfang , Li Yuhua
Published: December 2022

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has been approved for relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphomas and greatly improves disease outcomes. The impressive success has inspired the application of this approach to other types of tumors. The relapsed/refractory T-cell malignancies are characteristic of high heterogeneity and poor prognoses. The efficacy of current treatments for this group of diseases is limited. CAR-T therapy is a promising solution to ameliorate the current therapeutic situation. One of the major challenges is that normal T-cells typically share mutual antigens with malignant cells, which causes fratricide and serious T-cell aplasia. Moreover, T-cells collected for CAR transduction could be contaminated by malignant T-cells. The selection of suitable target antigens is of vital importance to mitigate fratricide and T-cell aplasia. Using nanobody-derived or naturally selected CAR-T is the latest method to overcome fratricide. Allogeneic CAR-T products and CAR-NK-cells are expected to avoid tumor contamination. Herein, we review the advances in promising target antigens, the current results of CAR-T therapy clinical trials in T-cell malignancies, the obstacles of CAR-T therapy in T-cell malignancies, and the solutions to these issues.
Hormone replacement therapy in women with history of thrombosis or a thrombophilia
Authors: Morris Guy , Talaulikar Vikram
Published: December 2022

Findings from the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) randomised placebo-controlled trial (RCT) were published at the beginning of this century. They suggested that hormone replacement therapy (HRT) use increased the risk of cardiovascular disease and venous thromboembolism including pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis The findings led to a decline in HRT prescriptions and negative publicity about the use of HRT for women with significant menopausal symptoms. Subsequent studies have shown that the risk of thrombosis with HRT relates to whether estrogen is combined with a progestogen and the route of administration of estrogen. In healthy women with no background medical problems, transdermal hormone replacement is not associated with an increased risk of thrombosis. However, much less is known about the safety of various HRT preparations in women with a high background risk of thrombosis. These cases can often be challenging for clinicians with uncertainties around testing for thrombophilia, use of anticoagulation and striking a balance between the risks and benefits of prescribing HRT. This article will review the mechanism of thrombosis with differing types of HRT and present the evidence from the relevant trials. The article will also present the evidence that specifically relates to women with a personal history of thrombosis or thrombophilia (heritable and acquired) to enable clinicians to better individualise the risk assessment for each woman requesting HRT and understand the role of thrombophilia screening or concomitant anticoagulation in such situations.
Development of a health information system to promote emergency care pathways: A participatory design study
Authors: Østervang Christina , Lassen Annmarie , Schmidt Thomas , Coyne Elisabeth , Dieperink Karin Brochstedt , Jensen Charlotte Myhre
Published: December 2022

Objective

The successful development and implementation of sustainable healthcare technologies require an understanding of the clinical setting and its potential challenges from a user perspective. Previous studies have uncovered a gap between what emergency departments deliver and the needs and preferences of patients and family members. This study investigated whether a user-driven approach and participatory design could provide a technical solution to bridge the identified gap.

Methods

We conducted four workshops, and five one-to-one workshops with patients, family members, healthcare professionals, and information technology specialists to codesign a prototype. Revisions of the prototype were made until an acceptable solution was agreed upon and tested by the participants. The data were analyzed following iterative processes (plan → act → observe → reflect).

Results

The participants emphasized the importance of a person-centered approach focusing on improved information. An already implemented system for clinicians’ use only was redesigned into a unique patient module that provides a process line displaying continually updated informative features, including (1) person-centered activities, (2) general information videos, (3) a notepad, (4) estimated waiting time, and (5) the nurse and physician responsible for care and treatment.

Conclusion

Participatory design is a usable approach to designing an information system for use in the emergency department. The process yielded insight into the complexity of translating ideas into technologies that can actually be implemented in clinical practice, and the user perspectives revealed the key to identifying these complex aspects. The iterations with the participants enabled us to redesign an existing technology.
The use of artificial intelligence applications in medicine and the standard required for healthcare provider-patient briefings—an exploratory study
Authors: Iqbal Jeffrey David , Christen Markus
Published: December 2022

Introduction

Digital Health Technologies (DHTs) are currently being funneled through legacy regulatory processes that are not adapted to the unique particularities of this new technology class. In the absence of adequate regulation of DHTs, the briefing of a patient by their healthcare provider (HCP) as a component of informed consent can present the last line of defense before potentially harmful technologies are employed on a patient.

Methods

This exploratory study utilizes a case vignette of a machine learning-based technology for the diagnosis of ischemic heart disease that is presented to a group of medical students, physicians, and bioethicists. What constitutes the necessary standard and content of the HCP–patient briefings is explored using a survey ( N = 34). Whether participants actually provide a sufficient HCP–patient briefing is evaluated based on audio recordings.

Results and Conclusions

We find that participants deem artificial intelligence use in medical context should be declared to patients and argue that the explanation should currently follow the standard required of other experimental procedures. Further, since our study provides indications that implementation of HCP–patient briefings lacks behind the identified standard, opportunities for incorporation of training on the use of DHTs into medical curricula and continuous training schedules should be considered.
Normative Influence of the Dalits: A Stigmatized Existence
Authors: Veroneka S. P. , Vijayalakshmi V.
Published: December 2022

This article discusses the behaviour of the Dalit who hides their identity of being a Dalit and pretends to be a person who represents the other caste that is present in the caste hierarchy. To gain societal recognition, Yashica Dutt’s mother deliberately professes to be an upper caste for the society. Dutt does not want to reveal her identity because of the humiliation she had faced earlier. This identity crisis becomes a stigma and then she adopts the behaviour, nature and tradition of another caste.
StackCirRNAPred: computational classification of long circRNA from other lncRNA based on stacking strategy
Authors: Wang Xin , Liu Yadong , Li Jie , Wang Guohua
Published: December 2022

Background

CircRNAs are essential for the regulation of post-transcriptional gene expression, including as miRNA sponges, and play an important role in disease development. Some computational tools have been proposed recently to predict circRNA, since only one classifier is used, there is still much that can be done to improve the performance.

Results

StackCirRNAPred was proposed, the computational classification of long circRNA from other lncRNA based on stacking strategy. In order to cope with the potential problem that a single feature might not be able to distinguish circRNA well from other lncRNA, we first extracted features from different sources, including nucleic acid composition, sequence spatial features and physicochemical properties, Alu and tandem repeats. We innovatively apply the stacking strategy to integrate the more advantageous classifiers of RF, LightGBM, XGBoost. This allows the model to incorporate these features more flexibly. StackCirRNAPred was found to be significantly better than other tools, with precision, accuracy, F1, recall and MCC of 0.843, 0.833, 0.831, 0.819 and 0.666 respectively. We tested it directly on the mouse dataset. StackCirRNAPred was still significantly better than other methods, with precision, accuracy, F1, recall and MCC of 0.837, 0.839, 0.839, 0.841, 0.677.

Conclusions

We proposed StackCirRNAPred based on stacking strategy to distinguish long circRNAs from other lncRNAs. With the test results demonstrating the validity and robustness of StackCirRNAPred, we hope StackCirRNAPred will complement existing circRNA prediction methods and is helpful in down-stream research.