bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Keats’s Vanishing Books
Authors: Rohrbach Emily
Published: June 2022

Keats’s poems written in the years leading up to his annus mirabilis, 1819, frequently feature books, but those references and images vanish from his poetic production in 1819 and the subsequent publication of that verse in his 1820 volume. This essay attempts to account for that shift in his poetics by exploring Keats’s relation to his friend and mentor Leigh Hunt, proposing that this poetic shift attends Keats’s political departure from Hunt’s privatised, metropolitan imagination in favour of a more public and egalitarian poetics of dispossession.
Keats Meets Coleridge
Authors: Everest Kelvin
Published: June 2022

Keats and Coleridge met for the one and only time on 11 April 1819. That accidental meeting embodied a range of circumstances and contexts which converged to create the conditions in which Keats’s poetic career advanced beyond its initial rapid development. Brief but intense exposure to Coleridge’s unceasingly philosophical turn of mind, as the two poets walked on Hampstead Heath, precipitated a newly self-conscious address on Keats’s part to the power of metaphor to express the mind’s activity in perception and artistic creation. This produced in the ‘Ode to Psyche’ a new level of intellectual sophistication, and a pathway to the achievement of the major Spring Odes which immediately followed.
Do it yourself furniture: Part A - Designing fittings for an easy to manufacture hybrid chair
Authors: YILMAZ AYDIN Tuğba
Published: June 2022

Traditional productions of goods are being changed by technological advances. Furniture production also takes its portion from this either positive or negative manner. Because either traditional wood material preparing ways or design and manufacturing of fittings are being changed by the technological software and hardware. The do-it-yourself perspective of additive manufacturing applications emerges as a reflection of these advances and changes. Different types of connectors were designed and manufactured for a specific joint of a chair by previously published studies. However, in this study, four different connector types were designed for properly assemble of a chair instead of element joint in accordance with the do-it-yourself perspective. CATIA software was used for three-dimensional modeling and assembly. Dowels were applied to each joint for strengthening chair construction. Wooden elements were designed without curves to provide easy-to-manufacture chairs for end-users who have limited knowledge about wood joinery. Views and sections were included for presenting the assembly details. Some construction add-ons such as an upholstery seat and a backrest with a proper slope were offered to improve the comfort issue that arises from the straight-line design approach.
Ectogenesis and the Moral Status of the Fetus
Authors: Simkulet William
Published: June 2022

Many people believe the morality of abortion stands or falls with the moral status of the fetus.  Judith Jarvis Thomson’s violinist argument bypasses the question of fetal moral status; even if the fetus has a right to life, she argues the gestational mother has a right to disconnect herself from the fetus. However, should ectogenesis – a technology that would allow the fetus to develop outside the womb – become sufficiently advanced, the fetus would no longer need a gestational mother to live.  Recently, Joona Räsänen has argued that parents have a right to secure the death of a fetus that has been removed from the mother’s body, and that this right might extend to infanticide.  However, here I argue Räsänen’s position ignores the moral status of the fetus; if the fetus is morally comparable to beings like us, then of course parents lack a right to the death of their children.  However, if the fetus is morally comparable to a tumor, then the right to kill it is philosophically uninteresting.
Mathematical Modeling and Optimization of Lactobacillus Species Single and Co-Culture Fermentation Processes in Wheat and Soy Dough Mixtures
Authors: Dulf Eva-H. , Vodnar Dan C. , Danku Alex , Martău Adrian Gheorghe , Teleky Bernadette-Emőke , Dulf Francisc V. , Ramadan Mohamed Fawzy , Crisan Ovidiu
Published: June 2022

To improve food production via fermentation with co-cultures of microorganisms (e.g., multiple lactic acid bacteria-LAB strains), one must fully understand their metabolism and interaction patterns in various conditions. For example, LAB can bring added quality to bread by releasing several bioactive compounds when adding soy flour to wheat flour, thus revealing the great potential for functional food development. In the present work, the fermentation of three soy and wheat flour mixtures is studied using single cultures and co-cultures of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus casei. Bio-chemical processes often require a significant amount of time to obtain the optimal amount of final product; creating a mathematical model can gain important information and aids in the optimization of the process. Consequently, mathematical modeling is used to optimize the fermentation process by following these LAB’s growth kinetics and viability. The present work uses both multiple regression and artificial neural networks (ANN) to obtain the necessary mathematical model, useful in both prediction and process optimization. The main objective is to find a model with optimal performances, evaluated using an ANOVA test. To validate each obtained model, the simulation results are compared with the experimental data.
Reprogramming Microbial CO2-Metabolizing Chassis With CRISPR-Cas Systems
Authors: Yu Hai-Yan , Wang Shu-Guang , Xia Peng-Fei
Published: June 2022

Global warming is approaching an alarming level due to the anthropogenic emission of carbon dioxide (CO2). To overcome the challenge, the reliance on fossil fuels needs to be alleviated, and a significant amount of CO2 needs to be sequestrated from the atmosphere. In this endeavor, carbon-neutral and carbon-negative biotechnologies are promising ways. Especially, carbon-negative bioprocesses, based on the microbial CO2-metabolizing chassis, possess unique advantages in fixing CO2 directly for the production of fuels and value-added chemicals. In order to fully uncover the potential of CO2-metabolizing chassis, synthetic biology tools, such as CRISPR-Cas systems, have been developed and applied to engineer these microorganisms, revolutionizing carbon-negative biotechnology. Herein, we review the recent advances in the adaption of CRISPR-Cas systems, including CRISPR-Cas based genome editing and CRISPR interference/activation, in cyanobacteria, acetogens, and methanogens. We also envision future innovations via the implementation of rising CRISPR-Cas systems, such as base editing, prime editing, and transposon-mediated genome editing.
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Combined With Elastin-Like Recombinamers Increase Angiogenesis In Vivo After Hindlimb Ischemia
Authors: Ibáñez-Fonseca Arturo , Rico Ana , Preciado Silvia , González-Pérez Fernando , Muntión Sandra , García-Briñón Jesús , García-Macías María-Carmen , Rodríguez-Cabello José Carlos , Pericacho Miguel , Alonso Matilde , Sánchez-Guijo Fermín
Published: June 2022

Hindlimb ischemia is an unmet medical need, especially for those patients unable to undergo vascular surgery. Cellular therapy, mainly through mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) administration, may be a potentially attractive approach in this setting. In the current work, we aimed to assess the potential of the combination of MSCs with a proangiogenic elastin-like recombinamer (ELR)–based hydrogel in a hindlimb ischemia murine model. Human bone marrow MSCs were isolated from four healthy donors, while ELR biomaterials were genetically engineered. Hindlimb ischemia was induced through ligation of the right femoral artery, and mice were intramuscularly injected with ELR biomaterial, 0.5 × 106 MSCs or the combination, and also compared to untreated animals. Tissue perfusion was monitored using laser Doppler perfusion imaging. Histological analysis of hindlimbs was performed after hematoxylin and eosin staining. Immunofluorescence with anti–human mitochondria antibody was used for human MSC detection, and the biomaterial was detected by elastin staining. To analyze the capillary density, immunostaining with an anti–CD31 antibody was performed. Our results show that the injection of MSCs significantly improves tissue reperfusion from day 7 (p = 0.0044) to day 21 (p = 0.0216), similar to the infusion of MSC + ELR (p = 0.0038, p = 0.0014), without significant differences between both groups. After histological evaluation, ELR hydrogels induced minimal inflammation in the injection sites, showing biocompatibility. MSCs persisted with the biomaterial after 21 days, both in vitro and in vivo. Finally, we observed a higher blood vessel density when mice were treated with MSCs compared to control (p<0.0001), but this effect was maximized and significantly different to the remaining experimental conditions when mice were treated with the combination of MSCs and the ELR biomaterial (p < 0.0001). In summary, the combination of an ELR-based hydrogel with MSCs may improve the angiogenic effects of both strategies on revascularization of ischemic tissues.
Identification of Small-Molecule Inhibitors for Osteosarcoma Targeted Therapy: Synchronizing In Silico, In Vitro, and In Vivo Analyses
Authors: Liu Juan , Yao Qi , Peng Yu , Dong Zhihong , Tang Lu , Su Xiaoyu , Liu Lishuang , Chen Cheng , Ramalingam Murugan , Cheng Lijia
Published: June 2022

Objective: The study aimed to explore a new approach for the treatment of osteosarcoma through combining biomaterials with next-generation small molecule–based targeted therapy.

Methods: The model of osteosarcoma was established by 4-hydroxyaminoquinoline 1-oxide (4-HAQO) in mice while the collagen-thermosensitive hydrogel–calcium phosphate (CTC) biocomposites were prepared, and the small molecule inhibitors were virtually screened and synthesized. Then, for the osteosarcoma cell line, MG-63 cells were used to validate our bioinformatic findings in vitro, and the mouse osteosarcoma models were treated by combing CTC composites and small-molecule inhibitors after debridement.

Results: Five compounds, namely, ZINC150338698, ZINC14768621, ZINC4217203, ZINC169291448, and ZINC85537017, were found in the ZINK database. Finally, ZINC150338698 was selected for chemical synthesis and experimental verification. The results of the MTT assay and Hoechst staining showed that the small-molecule inhibitor ZINC150338698 could significantly induce MG-63 cell death. Furthermore, CTC composites and ZINC150338698 could repair the bone defects well after the debridement of osteosarcoma. In addition, the biomaterials and small-molecule inhibitors have good biocompatibility and biosafety.

Conclusion: Our findings not only offer systems biology approach-based drug target identification but also provide new clues for developing novel treatment methods for future osteosarcoma research.
Development of Biomimetic Hepatic Lobule-Like Constructs on Silk-Collagen Composite Scaffolds for Liver Tissue Engineering
Authors: Guo Lina , Zhu Ziqing , Gao Chuanzhou , Chen Kaiwen , Lu Shenzhou , Yan Hexin , Liu Wenming , Wang Mingqi , Ding Yanfang , Huang Lin , Wang Xiuli
Published: June 2022

Constructing an engineered hepatic lobule-mimetic model is challenging owing to complicated lobular architecture and crucial hepatic functionality. Our previous study has demonstrated the feasibility of using silk fibroin (SF) scaffolds as functional templates for engineering hepatic lobule-like constructs. But the unsatisfactory chemical and physical performances of the SF-only scaffold and the inherent defect in the functional activity of the carcinoma-derived seeding cells remain to be addressed to satisfy the downstream application demand. In this study, SF-collagen I (SFC) composite scaffolds with improved physical and chemical properties were fabricated, and their utilization for bioengineering a more hepatic lobule-like construct was explored using the immortalized human hepatocyte-derived liver progenitor-like cells (iHepLPCs) and endothelial cells incorporated in the dynamic culture system. The SFC scaffolds prepared through the directional lyophilization process showed radially aligned porous structures with increased swelling ratio and porosity, ameliorative mechanical stiffness that resembled the normal liver matrix more closely, and improved biocompatibility. The iHepLPCs displayed a hepatic plate-like distribution and differentiated into matured hepatocytes with improved hepatic function in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, hepatocyte–endothelial cell interphase arrangement was generated in the co-culture compartment with improved polarity, bile capillary formation, and enhanced liver functions compared with the monocultures. Thus, a more biomimetic hepatic lobule-like model was established and could provide a valuable and robust platform for various applications, including bioartificial liver and drug screening.
Tunable Cellular Localization and Extensive Cytoskeleton-Interplay of Reflectins
Authors: Song Junyi , Liu Chuanyang , Li Baoshan , Liu Liangcheng , Zeng Ling , Ye Zonghuang , Mao Ting , Wu Wenjian , Hu Biru
Published: June 2022

Reflectin proteins are natural copolymers consisting of repeated canonical domains. They are located in a biophotonic system called Bragg lamellae and manipulate the dynamic structural coloration of iridocytes. Their biological functions are intriguing, but the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Reflectin A1, A2, B1, and C were found to present distinguished cyto-/nucleoplasmic localization preferences in the work. Comparable intracellular localization was reproduced by truncated reflectin variants, suggesting a conceivable evolutionary order among reflectin proteins. The size-dependent access of reflectin variants into the nucleus demonstrated a potential model of how reflectins get into Bragg lamellae. Moreover, RfA1 was found to extensively interact with the cytoskeleton, including its binding to actin and enrichment at the microtubule organizing center. This implied that the cytoskeleton system plays a fundamental role during the organization and transportation of reflectin proteins. The findings presented here provide evidence to get an in-depth insight into the evolutionary processes and working mechanisms of reflectins, as well as novel molecular tools to achieve tunable intracellular transportation.
The N Terminus of Adhesion G Protein–Coupled Receptor GPR126/ADGRG6 as Allosteric Force Integrator
Authors: Mitgau Jakob , Franke Julius , Schinner Camilla , Stephan Gabriele , Berndt Sandra , Placantonakis Dimitris G. , Kalwa Hermann , Spindler Volker , Wilde Caroline , Liebscher Ines
Published: June 2022

The adhesion G protein–coupled receptor (aGPCR) GPR126/ADGRG6 plays an important role in several physiological functions, such as myelination or peripheral nerve repair. This renders the receptor an attractive pharmacological target. GPR126 is a mechano-sensor that translates the binding of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules to its N terminus into a metabotropic intracellular signal. To date, the structural requirements and the character of the forces needed for this ECM-mediated receptor activation are largely unknown. In this study, we provide this information by combining classic second-messenger detection with single-cell atomic force microscopy. We established a monoclonal antibody targeting the N terminus to stimulate GPR126 and compared it to the activation through its known ECM ligands, collagen IV and laminin 211. As each ligand uses a distinct mode of action, the N terminus can be regarded as an allosteric module that can fine-tune receptor activation in a context-specific manner.
Regulatory Non-Coding RNAs in Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Theranostic Applications
Authors: Keshavarz Alikhani Hani , Pourhamzeh Mahsa , Seydi Homeyra , Shokoohian Bahare , Hossein-khannazer Nikoo , Jamshidi-adegani Fatemeh , Al-Hashmi Sulaiman , Hassan Moustapha , Vosough Massoud
Published: June 2022

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a common monogenic disease which is associated with high serum levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and leads to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Early diagnosis and effective treatment strategy can significantly improve prognosis. Recently, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and innovative targets for therapeutics. Non-coding RNAs have essential roles in the regulation of LDL-C homeostasis, suggesting that manipulation and regulating ncRNAs could be a promising theranostic approach to ameliorate clinical complications of FH, particularly cardiovascular disease. In this review, we briefly discussed the mechanisms and pathophysiology of FH and novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of FH. Moreover, the theranostic effects of different non-coding RNAs for the treatment and diagnosis of FH were highlighted. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of ncRNA-based therapies vs. conventional therapies were discussed.
Marsupials and Multi-Omics: Establishing New Comparative Models of Neural Crest Patterning and Craniofacial Development
Authors: Newton Axel H.
Published: June 2022

Studies across vertebrates have revealed significant insights into the processes that drive craniofacial morphogenesis, yet we still know little about how distinct facial morphologies are patterned during development. Studies largely point to evolution in GRNs of cranial progenitor cell types such as neural crest cells, as the major driver underlying adaptive cranial shapes. However, this hypothesis requires further validation, particularly within suitable models amenable to manipulation. By utilizing comparative models between related species, we can begin to disentangle complex developmental systems and identify the origin of species-specific patterning. Mammals present excellent evolutionary examples to scrutinize how these differences arise, as sister clades of eutherians and marsupials possess suitable divergence times, conserved cranial anatomies, modular evolutionary patterns, and distinct developmental heterochrony in their NCC behaviours and craniofacial patterning. In this review, I lend perspectives into the current state of mammalian craniofacial biology and discuss the importance of establishing a new marsupial model, the fat-tailed dunnart, for comparative research. Through detailed comparisons with the mouse, we can begin to decipher mammalian conserved, and species-specific processes and their contribution to craniofacial patterning and shape disparity. Recent advances in single-cell multi-omics allow high-resolution investigations into the cellular and molecular basis of key developmental processes. As such, I discuss how comparative evolutionary application of these tools can provide detailed insights into complex cellular behaviours and expression dynamics underlying adaptive craniofacial evolution. Though in its infancy, the field of “comparative evo-devo-omics” presents unparalleled opportunities to precisely uncover how phenotypic differences arise during development.
Activity-Stability Relationships in Oxide Electrocatalysts for Water Electrolysis
Authors: Wohlgemuth Marcus , Weber Moritz L. , Heymann Lisa , Baeumer Christoph , Gunkel Felix
Published: June 2022

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is one of the key kinetically limiting half reactions in electrochemical energy conversion. Model epitaxial catalysts have emerged as a platform to identify structure-function-relationships at the atomic level, a prerequisite to establish advanced catalyst design rules. Previous work identified an inverse relationship between activity and the stability of noble metal and oxide OER catalysts in both acidic and alkaline environments: The most active catalysts for the anodic OER are chemically unstable under reaction conditions leading to fast catalyst dissolution or amorphization, while the most stable catalysts lack sufficient activity. In this perspective, we discuss the role that epitaxial catalysts play in identifying this activity-stability-dilemma and introduce examples of how they can help overcome it. After a brief review of previously observed activity-stability-relationships, we will investigate the dependence of both activity and stability as a function of crystal facet. Our experiments reveal that the inverse relationship is not universal and does not hold for all perovskite oxides in the same manner. In fact, we find that facet-controlled epitaxial La0.6Sr0.4CoO3-δ catalysts follow the inverse relationship, while for LaNiO3-δ, the (111) facet is both the most active and the most stable. In addition, we show that both activity and stability can be enhanced simultaneously by moving from La-rich to Ni-rich termination layers. These examples show that the previously observed inverse activity-stability-relationship can be overcome for select materials and through careful control of the atomic arrangement at the solid-liquid interface. This realization re-opens the search for active and stable catalysts for water electrolysis that are made from earth-abundant elements. At the same time, these results showcase that additional stabilization via material design strategies will be required to induce a general departure from inverse stability-activity relationships among the transition metal oxide catalysts to ultimately grant access to the full range of available oxides for OER catalysis.
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Anticonvulsant Activities of New Triazolopyrimidine Derivatives
Authors: Song Mingxia , Zhao Wennan , Zhu Yangnv , Liu Wenli , Deng Xianqing , Huang Yushan
Published: June 2022

Epilepsy, a severe brain disease affecting a large population, is treated mainly by antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). However, toxicity, intolerance, and low efficiency of the available AEDs have prompted the continual attempts in the discovery of new AEDs. In this study, we discovered a skeleton of triazolopyrimidine for the development of new AEDs. The design, synthesis, in vivo anticonvulsant activity evaluation of triazolopyrimidines (3a–3i and 6a–6e), and pyrazolopyrimidines (4a–4i) are reported. We found that most triazolopyrimidines showed anticonvulsive activity in the maximal electroshock (MES) and pentetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizure models. On the contrary, pyrazolopyrimidines (4a–4i) showed weak or no protective effects. Among the tested derivatives, compound 6d, holding a median effective dose (ED50) of 15.8 and 14.1 mg/kg against MES and PTZ-induced seizures, respectively, was found to be the most potent one. Moreover, the protection index (PI) value of 6d was significantly higher than that of the available AEDs such as valproate, carbamazepine, and diazepam. The antiepileptic efficacy of compound 6d was also observed in the 3-mercaptopropionic acid and bicuculline-induced seizure models. Antagonistic effects of flumazenil and 3-MP for the anticonvulsive activity of 6d and also the radioligand-binding assay confirmed the involvement of GABA receptors, at least benzodiazepine (BZD) receptor, in the anticonvulsant activity of compound 6d. The docking study of compounds 4e and 6d with GABAA receptor confirmed and explained their affinity to the BZD receptors.
Cation Exchange in Smectites as a New Approach to Mineral Carbonation
Authors: Zeyen Nina , Wang Baolin , Wilson Sasha , Paulo Carlos , Stubbs Amanda R. , Power Ian M. , Steele-Maclnnis Matthew , Lanzirotti Antonio , Newville Matthew , Paterson David J. , Hamilton Jessica L. , Jones Thomas R. , Turvey Connor C. , Dipple Gregory M. , Southam Gordon
Published: June 2022

Mineral carbonation of alkaline mine residues is a carbon dioxide removal (CDR) strategy that can be employed by the mining industry. Here, we describe the mineralogy and reactivity of processed kimberlites and kimberlite ore from Venetia (South Africa) and Gahcho Kué (Canada) diamond mines, which are smectite-rich (2.3–44.1 wt.%). Whereas, serpentines, olivines, hydrotalcites and brucite have been traditionally used for mineral carbonation, little is known about the reactivity of smectites to CO2. The smectite from both mines is distributed as a fine-matrix and is saponite, Mx/mm+Mg3(AlxSi4−x)O10(OH)2·nH2O, where the layer charge deficiency is balanced by labile, hydrated interlayer cations (Mm+). A positive correlation between cation exchange capacity and saponite content indicates that smectite is the most reactive phase within these ultramafic rocks and that it can be used as a source of labile Mg2+ and Ca2+ for carbonation reactions. Our work shows that smectites provide the fast reactivity of kimberlite to CO2 in the absence of the highly reactive mineral brucite [Mg(OH)2]. It opens up the possibility of using other, previously inaccessible rock types for mineral carbonation including tailings from smectite-rich sediment-hosted metal deposits and oil sands tailings. We present a decision tree for accelerated mineral carbonation at mines based on this revised understanding of mineralogical controls on carbonation potential.
Circulating Small Extracellular Vesicles Profiling and Thrombin Generation as Potential Markers of Thrombotic Risk in Glioma Patients
Authors: Melnichnikova Olga , Zhilenkova Yulia , Sirotkina Olga , Zolotova Ekaterina , Pishchulov Konstantin , Tastanbekov Malik , Paltsev Artem , Simakova Maria
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Patients with glioma (GM) are at a high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). The role of microvesiculation in the cancer-associated thrombosis mechanisms has been previously demonstrated. This study aimed to evaluate the relative abundance of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and thrombin generation (TG) in combination with standard laboratory tests in patients with newly diagnosed GM as potential prognostic markers in VTE.

Materials and Methods

In the present study, 11 patients with newly diagnosed GM and 10 healthy volunteers were analyzed. EVs were counted and their cellular origin was determined (CytoFlex B4-R2-V2, Beckman Coulter, United States), as well as thrombin generation test (TGT) (Diagnostica Stago SAS, France) was performed.

Results

In patients with GM, the relative abundance of the CD41 + EVs (platelet-derived)—and CD105 + EVs (endothelial-derived) was significantly higher than in the control group (44.3 [40.5; 52.4] vs. 27.2 [22.9; 31.0]%, p = 0.002, and 5.4 [4.8; 7.8] vs. 1.9 [1.5; 2.8]%, p = 0.0003, respectively). The D-dimer level was higher in patients with GM compared with the control group (0.46 [0.38; 1.85] vs. 0.36 [0.27; 0.40] μg/ml FEU, p = 0.03, respectively). There was a trend toward an increase in the peak thrombin and velocity index (VI) in the GM group (p = 0.06). During the follow-up period, two patients (18%) developed thrombosis, had tumor sizes of more than 5 cm, thrombocytopenia, increased VI, and D-dimer.

Conclusion

Analysis of platelet-derived EVs, platelet count, and TGT in combination with D-dimer assessment could improve the stratification of patients prone to VTE, which needs to be confirmed in a larger sample.
Fatty Liver Index Independently Predicts All-Cause Mortality in Patients With Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis but No Substantial Liver Disease
Authors: Park Pil Gyu , Pyo Jung Yoon , Ahn Sung Soo , Choi Hyun Joon , Song Jason Jungsik , Park Yong-Beom , Huh Ji Hye , Lee Sang-Won
Published: June 2022

Background

This study investigated whether the fatty liver index (FLI) could predict all-cause mortality and cerebrovascular accident (CVA) during follow-up in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) without substantial liver disease.

Methods

The medical records of 75 AAV patients with AAV were retrospectively reviewed. An equation for the FLI is as follows: FLI = (e0.953×loge(triglycerides)+0.139×BMI+0.718×loge(GGT)+0.053×waistcircumference–15.745)/(1 + e0.953×loge(triglycerides)+0.139×BMI+0.718×loge(GGT)+0.053×waistcircumference–15.745) × 100. The cut-offs of the FLI were obtained using the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.

Results

The mean age at AAV diagnosis was 59.1 years and 42.7% were male. Eight patients (10.7%) died and 8 patients had CVA during follow-up. When the cut-offs of the FLI for all-cause mortality and CVA were set as the FLI ≥ 33.59 and the FLI ≥ 32.31, AAV patients with the FLI over each cut-off exhibited a higher risk for all-cause mortality or CVA than those without (RR 8.633 and 8.129), respectively. In addition, AAV patients with the FLI over each cut-off exhibited a significantly lower cumulative patients’ survival rate or CVA-free survival rate than those without, respectively. In the multivariable Cox analysis, only the FLI ≥ 33.59 at AAV diagnosis was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality during follow-up in AAV patients (HR 10.448).

Conclusion

The FLI at AAV diagnosis can be a potential independent predictor of all-cause mortality and CVA during follow-up in AAV patients. We suggest that physicians measure the FLI at AAV diagnosis and pay more attention to those with a high FLI value for prevention of future mortality and CVA.
Case Report: Posterior Thoracic Window in the Presence of Pleural Effusion in Critical Care Medicine: One More Chance to Image the Aortic Valve
Authors: Mantovani Francesca , Benfari Giovanni , Barbieri Andrea , Manca Francesco , Guiducci Vincenzo , Navazio Alessandro , Clavel Marie-Annick
Published: June 2022

Good quality echocardiographic images in the setting of critical care medicine may be difficult to obtain for many reasons. We present a case of an 85-year-old woman with acute pulmonary edema and pleural effusion, where transthoracic bedside echocardiographic examination raised a suspicion for significant aortic valve disease. However, given the orthopneic decubitus of the patients, the quality of images was poor. To increase the accuracy of diagnosis, a posterior thoracic view through the pleural effusion in the sitting position was used. This view allowed the diagnosis of mixed aortic valve disease (aortic stenosis and regurgitation) and the quantification of valve disease through multiparametric criteria as recommended by current guidelines. The posterior thoracic view, when feasible, may provide a useful option in the assessment of cardiac structures and further diagnostic information in technically difficult echocardiographic examinations.
Ultra-Deep Dolomite Reservoir Quality Classification and its Effect on Acid-Fracturing Based on Natural Fracture Activity Analysis: A Case Study of the Cambrian Subsalt Reservoir in Northern Uplift of Tarim Basin
Authors: Yin Guoqing , Zhang Hui , Xin Yi , Zhang Wei , Wu Xingneng , Liang Jingrui , Lai Shujun
Published: June 2022

Taking the >8,000 m buried Cambrian subsalt dolomite reservoir in the northern uplift of the Tarim Basin as an example, this study used imaging logging, cores, outcrops, and other data to identify natural fractures and obtain parameters of natural fractures, including strike, azimuth, width, length, and apparent porosity, and clarified the characteristics of natural fractures in the well section. Based on the logging data, wellbore rock mechanics, in situ stress, and elastic parameters were established. The analysis of the mechanical characteristics of natural fractures was carried out to find out the shear stress, normal stress, and their ratio of each natural fracture in the reservoir section. Combined with the stress value of each fracture, the quantitative characterization parameter Fractures Geomechanical Activity Index of the mechanical characteristics of natural fractures is established. Combined with the petrophysical parameters of natural fractures, the evaluation model of the quality index of the reservoir containing the natural fractures is established. According to the classification of reservoir quality, combined with the petrophysical properties of the reservoir section, the optimization of the acid-fracturing scheme and injection pressure can be carried out in order to increase the production after acid-fracturing. In this study, the quality of the reservoir with natural fractures is divided into three categories: the QRCF of a Class I reservoir is 0.6∼1, of Class II reservoir is 0.3∼0.6, and of Class III reservoir is less than 0.3. The application of Well L1 and other wells shows that there are great differences in the development of natural fractures at different depths of the Cambrian subsalt dolomite reservoir so as to QRCF. The Class I reservoir is easy for acid-fracturing to achieve high performance. The Class II reservoir needs large-scale acid-fracturing, and the Class III reservoir cannot be acid-fractured under the current methods. The research results provide a reference for the classification of the fracture mechanical activity of an ultra-deep Cambrian subsalt dolomite reservoir and the optimization of acid-fracturing treatment parameters of similar reservoirs.
BIM Digital Shadow Technology and Risk Assessment Method of the Deep Foundation Pit’s Behavior for Zibo Light Rail
Authors: Yuan Minghui , Yuan Changfeng , Chen Fu , Li Liang , Hong Yong , Yu Guangming , Lei Jun
Published: June 2022

With the shortage of land resources, there has been a trend toward increasingly deep foundation pit engineering in urban areas. It is extremely important to reflect on the behavior and safety of deep foundation pits and conduct risk assessments in time. A nonhomologous and multi-indicator deep foundation pit risk assessment model was studied for nine types of nonhomologous on-site data monitored in the deep foundation pit. Based on the BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology, a family of monitored points was created that reflects the information on site from a deep foundation pit. The data visualization module was redeveloped by using Visual Studio 2019 to map the on-site data monitored to the components in the BIM model, which can visualize the data monitored in the BIM model of deep foundation pits. On this basis, the assessment of the safety level of deep foundation pits was realized in combination with a risk assessment model. Through the instance of the deep foundation pit of Zibo light rail, the analysis shows that the new visualization and risk assessment method can help construction workers locate dangerous units and formulate corresponding prevention and control measures better and faster.
Prioritizing Engagement of a Diverse Student Cohort in Online Hydrology Learning at the University of Western Australia
Authors: Thompson Sally E. , Bourke Sarah A. , Callow J. Nikolaus , Hipsey Matthew R.
Published: June 2022

Like most water education institutions worldwide, hydrology instructors at the University of Western Australia (UWA) had to rapidly adapt traditional teaching strategies to manage the COVID-19 pandemic. With diverse student cohorts, including a large fraction of international students prevented from reaching Australia by travel restrictions, key requirements from this transition were to create supportive, inclusive online educational settings, and to maximize student engagement in their courses. Here, we draw on experiences in four hydrology courses to illustrate how we used a holistic approach spanning course structure, content delivery, active learning experiences and authentic assessment to protect these key pedagogical requirements during the transition to online learning. Some aspects of this approach—for example, creating an online “virtual watershed” in lieu of field trips—required sophisticated technology to support online innovation. Other aspects, however, relied primarily on existing features in learning management systems such as Blackboard and on re-organization of course structure and communication approaches to support online learning, with minimal need for new technology or software. The outcomes in these courses as measured by student engagement, enrolment and self-reported satisfaction were positive, with student evaluations remaining similar to those of pre-pandemic levels. Previous interest in running flipped classrooms and familiarity with technology among instructors and students were helpful in enabling the transition. While content-delivery may remain in an online mode for hydrology classes at UWA long term, opportunities to re-introduce field work, laboratories and other face-to-face active learning activities are eagerly awaited by instructors and students alike.
Which Factors Are Associated With Reproductive Outcomes of DOR Patients in ART Cycles: An Eight-Year Retrospective Study
Authors: Li Lu , Sun Bo , Wang Fang , Zhang Yile , Sun Yingpu
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Women with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) have a lower pregnancy rate and higher cancellation rate compared to those without DOR when seeking assisted reproductive technology. However, which factors are associated with reproductive outcomes and whether AMH is a predictor of clinical pregnancy remain unclear.

Objective

This retrospective study was designed to find factors associated with reproductive outcomes in DOR patients and then discuss the role of AMH in predicting cycle results among this population.

Method

A total of 900 women were included in the study. They were diagnosed with DOR with the following criteria: (i) FSH > 10 IU/L; (ii)AMH < 1.1 ng/ml; and (iii) AFC <7. They were divided into different groups: firstly, based on whether they were clinically pregnant or not, pregnant group vs. non-pregnant group (comparison 1); secondly, if patients had transferrable embryos (TE) or not, TE vs. no TE group (comparison 2); thirdly, patients undergoing embryo transfer (ET) cycles were divided into pregnant I and non-pregnant I group (comparison 3). The baseline and ovarian stimulation characteristics of these women in their first IVF/ICSI cycles were analyzed. Logistic regression was performed to find factors associated with clinical pregnancy.

Results

Of the 900 DOR patients, 138 women got pregnant in their first IVF/ICSI cycles while the rest did not. AMH was an independent predictor of TE after adjusting for confounding factors (adjusted OR:11.848, 95% CI: 6.21-22.62, P< 0.001). Further ROC (receiver operating characteristic) analysis was performed and the corresponding AUC (the area under the curve) was 0.679 (95% CI: 0.639-0.72, P< 0.001). Notably, an AMH level of 0.355 had a sensitivity of 62.6% and specificity of 65.6%. However, there was no statistical difference in AMH level in comparison 3, and multivariate logistic regression showed female age was associated with clinical pregnancy in ET cycles and women who were under 35 years old were more likely to be pregnant compared to those older than 40 years old (adjusted OR:4.755, 95% CI: 2.81-8.04, P< 0.001).

Conclusion

AMH is highly related to oocyte collection rate and TE rate,and 0.355 ng/ml was a cutoff value for the prediction of TE. For DOR patients who had an embryo transferred, AMH is not associated with clinical pregnancy while female age is an independent risk factor for it.
Shear Wave Elastography in the Diagnosis of Peripheral Neuropathy in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease Stage 5
Authors: Li Xuan , Sun Haoqi , Zhang Zhaoguang , Liu Jing , Xu Huiying , Ma Lin , Zhang Haibo , Li Jialin , Luo Qian , Wang Xiangming , Guo Min , Guo Zhentao , Chen Xuexun
Published: June 2022

Objective

To observe the feasibility of shear wave elastography (SWE) in the diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy in patients undergoing hemodialysis [chronic kidney disease stage 5 dialysis (CKD5D)].

Methods

Forty patients with CKD5D were divided into a uremic peripheral neuropathy (UPN) group (n = 25) and a non-UPN group (n = 15) according to the results of a neuro-electrophysiological examination. Sixteen healthy control subjects were also enrolled in this study. Two-dimensional ultrasound examination was conducted, and SWE was then performed to measure Young’s modulus of the tibial nerve. The left and right diameters (D1), anterior and posterior diameters (D2), perimeter (C), cross-sectional area (CSA), and Young’s modulus (E) were measured three times at the same non-entrapment site. The average values were recorded and calculated. The following evaluation indices were also analyzed: sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).

Results

D1, D2, C, and CSA were not significantly different among the three groups (P > 0.05). However, the difference in the E value among the three groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The AUC was 0.889 based on the E value. Using a tibial nerve E value of 48.35 kPa as the cutoff value, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 86.0%, 84.0%, 81.1%, and 88.1%, respectively.

Conclusions

SWE is useful for the diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy in patients with CKD5D. Young’s modulus of 48.35 kPa for the tibial nerve is the optimal cutoff value and has the best diagnostic efficiency for peripheral neuropathy in CKD5D patients.
Research on the Influence of Surface Roughness on the Flow Field in the Cascade
Authors: Wang Yanhua , Dai Jun , Zhou Shaowei , Wang Meng , Wang Zhongyi
Published: June 2022

Fouling, corrosion, and icing are common causes of increased compressor blade roughness due to special operating conditions and natural environment. Roughness increase would influence on flow field, especially in supersonic compressor cascades where incident waves can interact with reflected shock waves. Studies have shown that the boundary layer condition of the blade varies with wall roughness, which affects both the incident shock wave and the reflected shock wave. In order to study the effect of the distribution of roughness, the flow field under different roughness settings is simulated. The results show that flow loss is reduced with increasing roughness at the incidence point of an incident wave and the trailing edge of the suction side.
Modeling of Photovoltaic Power Generation Systems Considering High- and Low-Voltage Fault Ride-Through
Authors: Xu Xian , Han Hualing , LI Haifeng , Zhou Wenjun , Li Jie , Chen Ning
Published: June 2022

The photovoltaic power station has a good development prospect because it can realize concentrated and efficient utilization of solar energy. Considering the detail model of the photovoltaic power station has a power electronic device with a high-frequency switching characteristic, it is not suitable for electromagnetic transient analysis of a large photovoltaic power plant. To solve this problem, this study proposes a simplified model, average model, which uses a controlled current source to replace the power electronic converter and analyzes application backgrounds, advantages, and disadvantages of two models. Then, the control circuit of the average model is improved to switch the control mode by itself when the high- and low-voltage fault occur in the system to make sure the high- and low-voltage ride-through can be completed successfully. Finally, the correctness and effectiveness of the improved average model are verified by simulation.
High-Speed Rail Opening and Green Innovation—Evidence From China
Authors: Yu Xiaolin , Wan Kai
Published: June 2022

Significant progress has been achieved in the construction of transportation infrastructure in China, where a high-speed rail network of considerable scale and high operational speed has been formed. Against the backdrop of China’s current keynote on “carbon peaking” and “carbon neutrality,” the high-speed rail as a modern, green mode of transport, has become a key force in promoting green technological innovation and maintaining sustainable economic development. This paper focuses on the relationship between the opening of high-speed rail and urban green innovation and the mechanisms behind it. This study utilized panel data on Chinese cities from 2000 to 2018, taking the opening of high-speed rail as a quasi-natural experiment. It focuses on the impact and mechanism of the opening of the high-speed railway on urban green innovation by using the double-difference space Durbin model. Findings indicate that high-speed rail plays a significant role in promoting urban green innovation and that the spatial spillover effect is substantial. The results of the heterogeneity test indicate that high-speed rail can enhance urban green innovation in non-resource-based cities. The impact mechanism of high-speed railways on urban green innovation mainly comes from the flow of innovative personnel and capital, a strategy of local governments to strengthen environmental regulations and improve regional advantages. This paper also indicates that high-speed rail has an inverted U-shaped trend in promoting urban green innovation, and the optimal radius is 200 km from the nucleus city.
Influences of Soil Water Content and Porosity on Lightning Electromagnetic Fields and Lightning-Induced Voltages on Overhead Lines
Authors: Liu Yinping , Jiang Yuhui , Gao Qisen , Li Xia , Yang Gan , Zhang Qilin , Tang Bo
Published: June 2022

This study is performed to analyze the effects of both soil water content and porosity, two of the influencing factors of the finite conductivity, on the propagation of lightning electromagnetic fields (LEMFs) and lightning-induced voltages (LIVs) on overhead lines. A two-dimensional finite difference time domain (FDTD) model together with an improved Archie’s soil model is adopted for the field calculation at close distances from the lightning channel. The obtained results confirm that the soil water content and porosity have notable impacts on the peak values of LEMFs, especially the horizontal electric field. Moreover, the soil water content and porosity are correlated when acting together. The peak values of the horizontal electric field are found to be markedly influenced by the porosity changes at high water content or the water content changes at low porosity. The LIVs on overhead lines in these two cases are also studied. There appear to be greater differences in the induced voltages as the water content changes at low porosity.
Long-Distance Pollen Dispersal in Urban Green Roof and Ground-Level Habitats
Authors: Butcher Chelsea L. , Rubin Berish Y. , Anderson Sylvia L. , Lewis J. D.
Published: June 2022

Long-distance pollen dispersal is critical for gene flow in plant populations, yet pollen dispersal patterns in urban habitats such as green roofs have not been extensively studied. Pollen dispersal patterns typically are assessed either by fitting non-linear models to the relationship between the degree of pollen dispersal and distance to the pollen source (i.e., curve fitting), or by fitting probability density functions (PDFs) to pollen dispersal probability histograms (i.e., PDF fitting). Studies using curve fitting typically report exponential decay patterns in pollen dispersal. However, PDF fitting typically produces more fat-tailed distributions, suggesting the exponential decay may not be the best fitting model. Because the two approaches may yield conflicting results, we used both approaches to examine pollen dispersal patterns in the wind-pollinated Amaranthus tuberculatus and the insect-pollinated Solanum lycopersicum at two green roof and two ground-level sites in the New York (NY, United States) metropolitan area. For the curve fitting analyses, the exponential decay and inverse power curves provided good fits to pollen dispersal patterns across both green roof and ground-level sites for both species. Similar patterns were observed with the PDF fitting analyses, where the exponential or inverse Gaussian were the top PDF at most sites for both species. While the curve fitting results are consistent with other studies, the results differ from most studies using PDF fitting, where long-distance pollen dispersal is more common than we observed. These results highlight the need for further research to compare curve and PDF fitting for predicting pollen dispersal patterns. And, critically, while long-distance pollen dispersal may be an important component of overall pollen dispersal for A. tuberculatus and S. lycopersicum in both urban green roof and ground-level sites, our results suggest it potentially may occur to a lesser extent compared with plants in less-urban areas.