bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis in allergic asthma: Efforts to make early diagnosis possible
Authors: Zhao Bo , Zheng Haiming , Yang Tengfei , Zheng Rui
Published: December 2022

Background: Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a rare autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organ systems in the body. A majority of patients with EGPA present with asthma-like symptoms and may be misdiagnosed with refractory asthma. It is necessary
to distinguish EGPA from asthma and provide a theoretical basis for effective future prevention and treatment. Objective: This study aimed to compare the clinical features of EGPA and the clinical features of allergic asthma in an effort to make an early diagnosis possible.
Methods: We reviewed the basic information, test results, pre-onset conditions, and prognosis of 44 adult patients with EGPA who were admitted to our hospital between January 2013 and June 2021, and conducted a 1:1 matched case-control study to compare patients with EGPA and
patients with allergic asthma. Results: The 44 patients with EGPA were older than those with allergic asthma, but more than half of the patients with EGPA had been diagnosed with bronchial asthma, with a history of 10 months to 40 years, and had previously used inhalers
or systemic steroids. The proportion of male-to-female cases was ∼1:1, with seven antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) positive cases (15.9%), 20 limited EGPA cases (45.45%), and 24 systemic EGPA cases (54.55%). Although the peripheral blood eosinophil count and percentage were
lower in the male patients than in the female patients, male patients with higher five-factor scores might indicate worse prognosis. The fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) level, eosinophil percentage and count, and total immunoglobulin E (IgE) level were higher in the EGPA group than
in the allergic asthma group. Unlike in allergic asthma, the FeNO level is not correlated with the blood eosinophil count or percentage in EGPA. Seven patients received cardiac emission computed tomography (ECT) tests, with abnormalities suggested in six patients. Results of an electrocardiogram,
color-Doppler echocardiography, myocardial enzyme level, and troponin level suggested no obvious abnormality. Conclusion: The proportion of patients with EGPA who tested positive for ANCA is not high, and patients with high eosinophil counts should be alert to the possibility
of having EGPA. For patients with infiltration of eosinophils into the airway, a diagnosis should not be based on peripheral blood eosinophil counts. It is recommended that the FeNO level and pulmonary function should also be monitored for patients who present with symptoms in other body systems.
The sensitivity of cardiac ECT tests is higher than routine tests, so timely screening by cardiac ECT is recommended for all patients with EGPA.
Anaphylaxis: Long-term management and resources
Authors: Navalpakam Aishwarya , Thanaputkaiporn Narin , Poowuttikul Pavadee
Published: December 2022

Background: Anaphylaxis is an acute life-threatening event that requires emergent diagnosis and treatment. However, focus on prevention of anaphylaxis is essential in reducing anaphylaxis recurrences and associated mortality. Objective: This literature
review was aimed to be a comprehensive resource for practicing allergists in managing anaphylaxis in the long term. We discussed the role of the allergist in the long-term outpatient management of anaphylaxis through identifying risk factors, allergen avoidance, prevention of recurrences,
and patient education. Methods: A medical literature search that focused on several areas of long-term management of anaphylaxis was conducted. Results: Patients evaluated by an allergist are more likely to have their anaphylaxis trigger identified,
to have their underlying mast cell disorder diagnosed, and to receive desensitization or allergen immunotherapy. Allergists can prevent fatal anaphylaxis by preventing and treating anaphylaxis in patients with ischemic heart disease and by optimally treating patients with comorbid asthma.
Allergists can offer specific prevention strategies for allergenic trigger and cofactor avoidance. Education should be focused on patients with a higher risk for recurrence of anaphylaxis, such as those patients with a history of severe symptoms or anaphylaxis, with a peanut and/or tree nut
trigger, or with a history of asthma, or female gender. Patient counseling involves providing individualized action plans at each visit and discussing proper use, storage, and safety of epinephrine autoinjectors. Multiple doses of epinephrine need to be prescribed to those who are at risk
for severe food-induced, venom immunotherapy‐related, or venom-induced anaphylaxis. Wording on medical identification products should be reviewed by the allergist. Anaphylaxis resources for health-care providers are summarized in the article. Conclusion: Ongoing
education, providing personalized anaphylaxis action plans, reducing risk factors, and avoiding triggers are key to anaphylaxis prevention and long-term management.
Peanut allergy in an adult following cardiac transplant from a non-atopic donor
Authors: Zhang Michael S. , Huston Jessica , Petrov Andrej , Fajt Merritt L.
Published: December 2022

We present a 62-year-old woman with severe heart failure and who required cardiac transplantation. On postoperative day 22, she experienced anaphylaxis to peanut, with an elevated peanut-specific immunoglobulin E level. This case highlights the differential diagnosis of posttransplantation
anaphylaxis as well as the appropriate evaluation.
SOVEREIGNTY AND LEGAL PERSONALITY: A LESSON FROM EUROPEAN UNION'S EVOLUTION TO SUPRANATIONALISM
Authors: Ulum Muhammad Bahrul
Published: December 2022

Sovereignty remains a pivotal topic in international law, and regionalism introduces fresh challenges to traditional concepts of sovereignty, particularly when economic interests prompt states to cede aspects of their sovereignty. This paper explores the changing notion of state sovereignty in the context of economic globalization and examines the legal personality in international relations. It seeks to understand how sovereignty and legal personality have evolved in the 21st century amid increasingly globalized international economic relations. The research employs both historical and analytical methods, following doctrinal research approaches. It utilizes a historical analysis to examine international treaties and agreements, shedding light on the development and evolution of international economic law institutions. Furthermore, the paper discusses the transformation of the European Union, which illustrates how regional integration can transcend traditional state boundaries. This discussion includes an examination of the impact of Brexit on debates concerning state sovereignty and the notion of sovereignty waivers. The paper concludes by addressing the international legal personality of regional bodies, with a comparative analysis of the EU and ASEAN. Initially envisioned as a new governance structure, the EU has gradually challenged the traditional state concept established by the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, driven by its member states' ambitions to create a supra-state entity. The European Union thus presents a novel model of sovereignty, contrasting sharply with the Westphalian model and differing significantly from ASEAN's intergovernmental approach in terms of sovereignty and legal personality.
THE IMPORTANCE OF CYBERSECURITY AWARENESS FOR CHILDREN
Authors: Yuliana Yuliana
Published: December 2022

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the shift to online schooling increased children's vulnerability to cyberattacks and malware. Consequently, cultivating cybersecurity awareness among children is essential. Moreover, engaging with online games and stories can lead children to neglect their studies, underscoring the need for balanced internet usage. This paper highlights the importance of cybersecurity awareness among children, employing a literature review methodology. The results indicate that cybersecurity awareness among children can be effectively enhanced through digital literacy training. Programs should educate children on how to avoid risky behaviors online, including interactions susceptible to phishing, exposure to inappropriate content such as pornography, cyberbullying, identity theft, and privacy breaches. Additionally, children must learn the importance of keeping their passwords secure and private and adopting a cautious approach while playing online games. In conclusion, digital literacy and cybersecurity programs are not only teachable to children but are also crucial for boosting their cybersecurity awareness.
Desafios e emergências da avaliação da aprendizagem no contexto de pandemia
Authors: Bortolin Luana , Nauroski Everson
Published: December 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo compreender os desafios da avaliação da aprendizagem no contexto pandêmico da Covid-19. Durante dois anos, os enfrentamentos do distanciamento social geraram complicações em muitos aspectos da vida, porém a educação de qualidade como direito de todos não teve seus objetivos alcançados. Desse modo, fez-se necessária uma pesquisa qualitativa e bibliográfica, em que no Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior foram postos descritores como “avaliação”, “pandemia” e “aprendizagem” a fim de ter os resultados dos dados sobre o processo avaliativo em tempos de pandemia. A pesquisa envolveu todos os níveis de ensino: da educação básica ao ensino superior, demonstrando os desafios da avaliação no contexto pandêmico e na vida profissional dos docentes. Logo, foram encontradas seis pesquisas de artigos acadêmicos publicadas entre 2020 e 2022, as quais foram sistematizadas. Foi possível concluir que a avaliação da aprendizagem teve uma brusca mudança pelos professores em suas práticas, sendo diferenciada do ensino presencial, bem como os desafios no uso das tecnologias digitais pelos professores.
آيات سجدات التلاوة دراسة في ضوء علم المناسبة
Authors: Basheer Alni'ma Maqbool Ali
Published: December 2022

يهدف البحث إلى الوقوف على اللطائف المبينة لمناسبة آيات سجدات التلاوة، وبيان أسرار انتظامها في مواضعها المحددة في القرآن الكريم وفي السورة بترتيب المصحف الشريف، مع إعطاء أهمية مناسبة لترتيب النزول.
وآيات سجدات التلاوة هي آيات مخصوصة في القرآن الكريم، تتضمن عزائم السجود لله تعالى، جاءت بصيغة الأمر المباشر أو الخبر الذي يعني الأمر، ولها أدب خاص ومزية خاصة؛ إذ يشرع السجود عند تلاوتها واستماعها؛ امتثالا لأمر الله عز وجل، وتطبيقا لسنة نبيه عليه الصلاة والسلام.
وقد تخيّر البحث صفوة من هذه الآيات، وهي آيات سجدات سور: الأعراف والرعد والنحل والإسراء؛ وذلك لأسباب منها أنها من أطول السور التي تضمنت آيات السجدة، وفي السور الطويلة يكون الوقوف على المناسبة أدق نظرا وأعمق تحليلا، وتكون نتائجه أشد إبهارا وأكثر لطافة. كما أن هذه السور المختارة فيها من التنوع ما يثري البحث.
وعلم المناسبة من علوم القرآن التي تهتم بجانب من جوانب الإعجاز فيه، وهذا العلم يقوم على التدبر والتأمل في الآيات والسور، والاجتهاد في معرفة مناسبة الآيات وأسرار النظم والترتيب في القرآن الكريم.
وجاء البحث على مقدمة وأربعة عناوين جانبية وافقت آيات السجدات، مسلسلة حسب ترتيبها في المصحف، ثم اختتم بخاتمة بينت أبرز النتائج.
وقد حاول البحث الالتزام بمنهج للتحليل بيّن أصوله عدد من رواد هذا العلم، من بينهم الرازي والبقاعي والسيوطي رحمهم الله.
وقد خرج البحث بنتائج فصلها في متن البحث وأوجزها في الخاتمة.
رمزية اللغة العبثية في مسرحيات قاسم فنجان
Authors: Khidr Ghannam Muhammad , Khaled Atyaf Talal
Published: December 2022

يعد الرمز مظهراً من مظاهر اللغة، إذ أصبح بعد ميلاده أحب أشكال التعبير الفني الى الكاتب في الأدب والفن، وظهر بصورة واسعة ضمن الأعمال السريالية والخيالية والرمزية والاستعارية والمجازيةز اصل الكلمة في اللغة اليونانية تعني الحرز والتقدير, وللرمز تاريخه الطويل في علم اللاهوت  Theology إذ تترادف هذه الكلمة Symbol مع كلمة Greed والتي يقصد بها دستور الايمان المسيحي, والرمز في أبسط صوره هو علامة أو إشارة قد تكون صورة أو نغمة لها دلالة معروفة أو دلالة معينة في مجال التجربة الأنسانية المحسوسة والمتوارثة, يختلف الرمز لدى أرسطو عن غيره فقد قصره على الرموز اللغوية, بينما هو عند أصحاب الإتجاه العام (إشارات مطلقة), ويعَدُّ (جوتيه) أول من حدد مفهوم الرمز Symbol بطريقة أدبية حديثة, فالرمز يعبّر عن إحساس ناشىء عن علاقة أو تفاعل ببعض مكونات الوجود, لا يمكن للمبدع ترجمته ضمن علاقات اللغة التواضعية, وعند تحرر اللغة من عوالق ماضيها, يصبح على المبدع إنتداب الرمز لما أراد. لغة تنتفي منها الدلالة المباشرة, وتعتمد في الأساس على الموسيقى والإيحاء, ويمكن تحديد خصوصية الرمز في المسرح بقدرته على استعمال ثلاث وظائف ممكنة : وهي إيقونة , إيمائية , والإشارة في حالة الكلام والرمزي بمنزلة السيميولوجي للنمط الخيالي. ويخالف الرمزيون غيرهم في استعمالهم  للرمز, وذلك بجعل تلك الوسيلة للاختراق والنفاذ لعالم لا تتوصل اليه الحواس, وللتعبير عما يستحيل التعبير عنه.
أثر أنموذج فان هيل في تنمية بعض مهارات التفكير الاستدلالي عند طلاب الصف الخامس العلمي الاحيائي في مادة الاحياء
Authors: Hamid Safaa Ahmed
Published: December 2022

استهدف البحث الحالي تعرف أثر أنموذج فان هيل في تنمية  مهارات التفكير الاستدلالي عند طلاب الصف الخامس العلمي الاحيائي في مادة الاحياء.
ولتحقيق هدف البحث صيغت أربع فرضيات صفرية .
تحددت عينة البحث بطلاب الصف الخامس العلمي الاحيائي في المديرية العامة لتربية صلاح الدين – قسم تربية الدور في اعدادية الدور للبنين واعدادية القسطل للبنين للموضوعات الثلاثة من الكتاب المقرر للعام الدراسي (2016-2017) , وقد اختير التصميم التجريبي للمجموعتين المتكافئتين ذواتي الاختبارين القبلي والبعدي, وشملت عينة البحث (63) طالباً تم اختيارهم قصدياً من مجتمع البحث وتم تقسيمهم الى مجموعتين الأولى) التجريبية (تضم (32) طالباً دُرس أفرادها على وفق أنموذج فان هيل, والثانية) ضابطة (تضم (31) طالباً دُرس أفرادها على وفق الطريقة الاعتيادية.
   كوفئت مجموعتي البحث في عدد من المتغيرات التي قد تؤثر في سلامة التصميم التجريبي للبحث؛ الذكاء والعمر الزمني  ودرجات التحصيل في مادة الاحياء للسنة السابقة من العام الدراسي (2015-2016), والاختبار القبلي للتفكير الاستدلالي  والمستوى التعليمي للوالدين فضلاً عن بعض الإجراءات الأخرى المتعلقة بالسلامة الداخلية للتجربة, مثل: ضبط ادوات القياس والمدة الزمنية وتوزيع الدروس  وقام الباحث بتدريس مجموعتي البحث بنفسه  وقد تطلب تحقيق البحث وجود أداة وهي اختبار التفكير الاستدلالي إذ أعدَّ الباحث اختباراً لقياس التفكير الاستدلالي بواقع (24) فقرة, شملت مهارات (الاستقراء والاستنباط والاستنتاج) بواقع (8) فقرات لكل مهارة. .
أثر استراتيجية أوجد الخطأ في تحصيل طالبات الصف الأول المتوسط في مادة القران الكريم والتربية الإسلامية وتنمية قيمهن الاجتماعية
Authors: Al- Jubouri Falah Saleh Hussein , Hamid Khader Jubouri Najla Abdul Jalil
Published: December 2022

يهدف البحث الحالي إلى التعرف على:
(أثر استراتيجية أوجد الخطأ في تحصيل طالبات الصف الأول المتوسط في مادة القران الكريم والتربية الإسلامية وتنمية قيمهن الاجتماعية).
    ولغرض التحقق من هذا هدف البحث صاغ الباحثان الفرضيات الآتية:

لا يوجد فرق ذو دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى دلالة (0.05) بين متوسط درجات طالبات المجموعة التجريبية ومتوسط درجات طالبات المجموعة الضابطة في تحصيل مادة القران الكريم والتربية الإسلامية.
لا يوجد فرق ذو دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (0.05) بين متوسط الفرق بين درجات طالبات المجموعة التجريبية، ومتوسط الفرق بين درجات طالبات المجموعة الضابطة لتنمية قيمهن الاجتماعية في الاختبار البعدي.
لا يوجد فرق ذو دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى دلالة (0.05) بين متوسط درجات طالبات المجموعة التجريبية في الاختبارين القبلي والبعدي للقيم الاجتماعية.

كافأ الباحثان بين مجموعتي البحث في عدد من المتغيرات ذوات العلاقة
      ولإجراء التجربة أعد الباحثان اختباراً تحصيلياً بلغ عدد فقراته (30) فقرة ،أما مقياس  القيم الاجتماعية فقد اشتمل على (30) فقرة
A Cognitive-Functionalist Interpretation of Modularity
Authors: ALBajjari Ismael F. Hussain
Published: December 2022

Modularity has been the subject of intense debate in philosophy, psychology, and especially, in the cognitive sciences since the early 1980s, due to the publication of Fodor's ground-breaking book The Modularity of Mind (1983). However, in most cases of such modular views of the mind, misunderstandings have impeded an access to a more conceptually plausible account of modularity; a case that concerns us most here. This paper identifies the most striking arguments in the relevant literature, with special attention on the modularity argument proclaimed by J. Fodor (1983) that has been either limited in scope and depth, or misconceptualized by proponents. In particular, it reviews briefly the most modular assumptions made in this argument; those related to the cognitive architecture of the mind, and the perceptual-linguistic processes that are structured in terms of modules, or "organs". It is proposed here that modularity, clearly defined, may provide a useful framework for directing research works about human cognitive system, in general, and cognitive systematic processes of language use, in particular. Modularity might prove indispensable for understanding the structure of the mind, and offering insights into those mental mechanisms of human language processing as well. To that end, the paper, largely following  the stance of Modern Massive Modularity, proposes a hierarchically cognitive-functionalist model of the modularity of mind, whose biggest claim is to argue that the architecture of the mind is more pervasively modular than the Fodorian perspective permits, and that the line of modularity might be drawn, not only up to the high-level systems responsible for thought, but also at the low-level systems (sub-systems) underlying perception and language.
The Effect of Applying SHOW Strategy on Developing Iraqi EFL College Students' Comprehension of Short Stories
Authors: Saloomi Ismail Dawood , Yahya Nagham Qadoori
Published: December 2022

This study tries to find out the extent to which SHOW strategy can be applied to teaching short stories. It also aims to find out whether or not using this strategy can lead to any progress in developing students' comprehension of short stories. To conduct the study, it is hypothesized that there is no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental group, which is taught by the SHOW strategy and the control group which is taught by the traditional strategy in the posttest achievement in short stories. To achieve the aim of the study and verify its hypotheses two types of procedures have been following: Theoretical and practical. The theoretical procedures consist of presenting a theoretical framework of SHOW strategy including their characteristics, principles. The practical procedures consist of conducting an experimental which last for fifteen weeks. SHOW strategy has been applied to the experimental group, while the control was taught according to the traditional method. The total numbers of sample subjects was (75) students: (35) in experimental group and (40) students in the control group. The two groups were exposed to an achievement posttest constructed by the researcher after ensuring its validity and reliability. Suitable statistical tools have been used to analyses to the results of the study. The analysis of the results has also shown that there was a statistically significant difference at 0.05 between the mean scores of the experimental group and the control group in favour of the experimental group which is taught by SHOW strategy. Based on the findings of the study some pedagogical recommendations have been put forward.
الآراء الفقهية للإمام أبي مطيع البلخي (ت199هــ) دراسة فقهية مقارنة
Authors: Taha Younis Abdul Mohsen
Published: December 2022

تناول هذا البحث الآراء الفقهية للعلامة القاضي الحكم بن عبدالله بن مسلمة المشهور بأبي مطيع البلخي المتوفى (199هـ)، وهو أحد تلاميذ الإمام أبي حنيفة النعمان وراوي كتاب الفقه الأكبر عنه، تلقى العلم عنه وقام بنشر مذهبه في مدينة بلخ ونواحيها، وسأل الأمام أبا حنيفة عن أربع آلاف مسألة فأجابه فيها، وولي قضاء بلخ ست عشرة سنة، وكان فقهيا بصيرا بالرأي، قال ابن المبارك في الثناء عليه: أبو مطيع له المنة على جميع أهل الدنيا. وتميزت هذه الآراء الفقهية في أن بعضها جاء موافقا لما عليه مذهب الحنفية وهو قليل، وبعضها الآخر جاء مخالفا له وهو كثير، بل مخالفا لما ذهب إليه الأئمة الأربعة المشهورون، وهذا دليل على أن له استقلالية في الاجتهاد.
الترجيح بين أنواع الحقائق المتعارضة لدى الأصوليين وأثرها في الفروع
Authors: Ali Maree Muhammad
Published: December 2022

تعتبر هذه الفعالية نشاطًا تفاعليًا للتقييم المشترك بين الطلاب ، حيث تعتمد على عناصر مثل التحفيز والتعاون والعمل التعاوني. و تعزز خبرات تعلم هادفة في بيئة تنافسية. يهدف هذا النشاط الى فحص الموضوعات التي يتم دراستها خلال الفصل الدراسي من خلال الألعاب التي يتم إنشاؤها من قبل الطلبة، وكذلك لتعزيز التنمية والتنوع الشامل من خلال التحقيق في مجموعة واسعة من الثقافات العالمية. علاوة على ذلك ، يسعى النشاط إلى تعزيز تدويل النموذج التربوي الذي يوجه فلسفتنا التعليمية الجماعية. تم اعتماد طريقة تجريبية للبحث في الدراسة الحالية والتي تعتمد على مراقبة الطلاب أثناء النشاط. نظرًا لأن النشاط يعزز إبداع الطلبة من أجل إعداد سياقات أفضل للبلد الذي سيتم تقديمه. وهو يحل محل الطريقة التقليدية للاختبار ويعطي الطلبة الفرصة لرؤية مستوى التعلم المكتسب في سياق تفاعلي ممتع.
فاعليَّةُ الإيقاعِ السمعيِّ في شِعْر عبد الله البَرَدُّوني، ديوان وجوهٌ دخانيَّةٌ في مرايا الليل أنموذجا
Authors: Saeed Sa’ad Gerges
Published: December 2022

يعدُّ الإيقاعُ السمعيُّ من الظواهر التي تمنحُ النصوصَ الأدبيَّةَ قيمةً جماليَّةً من خلال رفْدِهِ بعناصِرَ أدائيةً، وفاعليَّةً على مستوى أداء الرسَالة الشِّعْريَّةِ.وقد استثمَرَ الشاعِرُ اليمني المعروف عبد الله البردوني فاعليةَ الإيقاع السمعي في شعرِه، إذ برزتْ هذه الظاهرةُ واضحةَ الملامِحِ في شعره عمومَاً، وفي ديوان:(وجوهٌ دخانيَّةٌ في مرايا الليل)، فالصوتُّ أهمُّ ما يُغَذِّي رؤاه الشعرية، وأهمُّ رافدٍ من روافِدِ الذَّاكرةِ الشعرية عِنْدَه، ولعلَّ أهمَّ أسباب ذلك هو فقدانُه للبصر، مما جعلَه يرتكِزُ على القِيَمِ الصَّوتية في التشكيل الشعري.
وقد قسَّمْنا البحثَ إلى مقدمةٍ، وتمهيدٍ وقَفْنَا فيه عِنْدَ المَفهومِ الإجرائيِّ للإيقاعِ السمعي، وإلى أربعَةِ مباحثَ، هي:(الصورةُ السمعيَّةُ، وتعدُّدُ الأصوات، وصوتُ الذات، والمعجمُ السَّمْعي) ثمَّ خاتمة البحث، ومصادره ومراجعه، فالصورةُ في شعرِهِ تحتشِدُ فيها مجموعةٌ من الأصوات التي تمنَحُها جِدَّةٌ وطَراوَةٌ، والأصواتُ تتعدَّدُ في خِطابِه الشِّعري ولا سيَّما في حضورِ البُنَى السَّرْديَّة، وقد برزَتْ فاعليَّةُ القيمةِ الصَّوْتيَّةِ من خلال صَوْت الذَّات، فضلاً عن ذلك كان للمعجم الصوتي في شعره انتشارٌ كبيرٌ.
التطورات السياسية الداخلية في اليمن بعد خروج العثمانيين (1635 – 1686م)
Authors: Mohammed Al-Taie Sinai Jassim
Published: December 2022

تناولت هذه الدراسة جانب مهم من جوانب التاريخ السياسي لليمن من القرن السابع عشر وحتى ناهية القرن السابع عشر, لما شهدته اليمن من احداث مهمة في تلك المدة والتي تمثلت بسيطرة الدولة العثمانية على اليمن والتي استمرت ما يقرب مئة عام, ثم تلتها المرحلة الاهم والاخطر في تاريخ اليمن وهو موضوع دراستنا هذه والمتمثل بظهور الدولة القاسمية, وما هي السياسة التي اتبعتها في اليمن بعد تأسيسها, الى جانب ظهور القوى السياسية والتي ادت دور مهم وبارز في تاريخ اليمن في تلك المدة و واللافت للنظر ان تلك القوى برزت الى الساحة السياسية واخذت تزداد نفوذاً وقوة حتى وصلت الى قمة مجدها في عهد المؤيد محمد بن المتوكل, فحل بالبلاد الفوضى والصراعات الداخلية بعد وفاة المؤيد محمد بن المتوكل.
The Effectiveness of Interactive Writing Strategy in Teaching Writing to EFL Preparatory School Students and their Attitudes Towards Writing
Authors: Majed Nahida Taha , Muhammad Zainab Chalabi
Published: December 2022

A sample of sixty- four eleventh grade male students has been purposively chosen from Al-Tuz city at ,Salah Al-Deen Governorate in the scholastic year (2017-2018) and equally distributed into experimental and control groups. The experimental group is taught writing by using the interactive writing strategy, while the control group is taught by using the traditional method, i.e. without using the interactive writing strategy for a period of  three months. An achievement  pre-posttest and a questionnaire have been constructed and administrated to the involved sample of the study.

The collected data have been analyzed statistically. The obtained result are as follows: There is a significant difference between the mean scores of the experimental group in the pretest and that in the posttest of the writing skill, and in favour of the posttest. There is no significant difference between the mean scores of the control group in the pretest and that in the posttest of the writing skill.There is a significant  difference between the mean scores of the experimental group and  that of the control group in the posttest, and in favour of the experimental group.There is a significant difference between the mean scores of the experimental group in the pre application and that in the post application of the questionnaire, and in favour of the post application. There is no significant difference between the mean scores of the control group in the pre application and that in the post application of the questionnaire, and in favour of the post application.There is a significant difference between the mean scores of the experimental group and that of the control group in the post application of the questionnaire, and in favour of the experimental group.
Electronic-Based Mathematics Learning for Students' Creative Thinking Ability
Authors: Susanti Novi , Erviana Ria
Published: December 2022

The learning process is one of the essential things in students' success in obtaining the material they get, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. Many students cannot carry out face to face in class. Therefore educators must provide the right method. So, students can understand the material it provides. Educators have used various ways not to feel bored, using the e-learning method. The study aims to determine Electronic-Based Mathematics Learning (EBML) for students' creative thinking ability in Sekolah Tinggi Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan (STKIP) Muhammadiyah Pagaralam. The method used is the quasi-experimental method in the one-shot case study category. The study population was all students of the Mathematics Education Study Program of STKIP Muhammadiyah Pagaralam. The study results because of the indicator creative thinking indicators: fluent review 69.44%, flexible thinking 71.76%, original thought 74.92%, and elaborative thinking 88.19%. It is obtaining an average value of students amounted to 76,08%, it is categorized as useful. EBML is designed to simplify and shorten the learning process. So, it becomes more efficient. It is also to train students to be more independent in gaining knowledge to reach a wider geographical area, both in discussions and references. The EBML is applied to students’ creative think in understanding the material presented.
Effect of Population Density on the Model of the Spread of Measles
Authors: Harianto Joko , Tuturop Katarina Lodia , Angelika Venthy
Published: December 2022

This study is expected to contribute to the health sector, specifically to describe the dynamics of the measles spread through the models that have been analyzed. One of the factors that became the focus of this study was reviewing the influence of population density on measles spread. The initial step formulated the model and then determined the primary reproduction number  and analyzed the stability of the model equilibrium point. The results of the analysis of this model show that there are two conditions for the value of  which is a requirement that the existence of two model equilibrium points as well as local stability is needed, namely  and .  When , there exists a unique equilibrium point, called the non-endemic equilibrium point denoted by . Conversely, when , there are two equilibrium points, namely  and the endemic equilibrium point characterized by . The results of local stability analysis show that when , the equilibrium point  is stable asymptotic locally. It means that if  hold, then in a long time there will not be a spread of disease in the susceptible and vaccinated sub-population, or in other words, the outbreak of the disease will stop. Conversely, when  equilibrium point is stable asymptotic locally. It means that if , then measles disease is still in the environment for an infinite time with the condition of the proportions of each sub-population approach to , ,  and .
Application of Cluster Analysis Using Agglomerative Method
Authors: Ridwan Muhammad Rais , Retnawati Heri
Published: December 2022

Improving the quality of human resources is the main supporting factor in increasing national productivity in various fields and development sectors. The government's productive investment activities that spur the nation's competitiveness in the global era prioritize Indonesia's education development. This study aims to cluster provinces in Indonesia based on educational indicators using the Agglomerative method consisting of the Average Linkage and Ward methods. Data collection is based on documentation techniques obtained from Statistics Indonesia in 2018. Data analysis used hierarchical cluster analysis consisting of data standardization, determining the size of the similarity or dissimilarity between data, the clustering process with a distance matrix, and seeing the characteristics of the cluster results formed. The second clustering method is by doing the initial grouping and determining the excellent cluster based on the average standard deviation ratio to the standard deviation between groups. Clustering results show the Ward method with the number of collections as many as 4 clusters and produces a ratio with a value of 0.01 smaller than the Average Linkage method. It shows that the cluster analysis method using the Ward method has better group accuracy quality than the Average Linkage method.
Medicamentos fitoterápicos no tratamento da osteoartrite
Authors: Neves Maria Eduarda Pires de Souza , Sousa Milena Nunes Alves de , Araújo Daniele Kelle Lopes de
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: Esclarecer os benefícios anti-inflamatórios do uso de plantas medicinais no tratamento da osteoartrite, analisando os seus constituintes ativos, mecanismos subjacentes, efeitos adversos e interação com outros fármacos. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa com o suporte da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), com os seguintes Descritores controlados em Ciências da saúde (DeCS) e em inglês "osteoarthritis" and "treatment" and "herbal remedies", além da PubMed® e a Scielo por meio dos seguintes Medical Subject Heading (MESH) com os mesmos descritores, sendo selecionados, estudados e escolhidos um total de 7 artigos para realizar a revisão. Resultados: De acordo com análises minuciosas dos artigos selecionados, observou-se que os pacientes portadores de osteoartrite que fizeram o tratamento associado a fitoterapia tiveram resultados positivos na melhora da dor, da funcionalidade, tendo em vista a possibilidade de obter menos sinais flogísticos com um baixo custo. O grupo que usou a fitoterapia teve melhora na mobilidade funcional, sendo esta melhora superior ao outro grupo em relação a dor. Considerações Finais: O estudo apontou que os pacientes com osteoartrite submetidos a tratamento fisioterapêutico associado a fitoterapia tiveram maior resposta de tempo e resultados na melhora da dor e da funcionalidade, além de recuperação mais rápida da mobilidade.
Tindak Tutur Representatif Dalam Pembimbingan Tugas Akhir pada Program Studi Pendidikan Geografi Universitas Sembilanbelas November Kolaka
Authors: Takwa Takwa , Nasir Agus , Widiyawati Eka
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine the types of representative speech acts used by students and lecturers of Geography education at the Nineteen November Kolaka University in carrying out their final assignment guidance. This type of research is qualitative using the content analysis method, which focuses on the types of speech of students and lecturers. Data collection techniques using observation, record and notes. The data analysis technique uses data reduction, data presentation and conclusion. The results of this study indicate that there are 8 types of representative speech acts used by students and lecturers of Geography education in conducting final assignment guidance, namely representative speech acts of retrodictive, descriptive, informative, confirmative, retractive, dissentive, disputative, suggestive, in this study were not found predictive and suppositive types.
Strategi Pembinaan oleh Kepala Sekolah Dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Pendidikan
Authors: Sopiandy Dede , Takwa Takwa
Published: December 2022

This research objective to describe and analyze the Principal Coaching Strategies in improving the quality of education. This research was carried out in Private Aliyah Madrasa Al-Amin District Labokeo Southern Wowoni island with the informant's research is the principal and the teachers in the school. The approach used is descriptive qualitative in-depth interview by (deep interview) and documentation, to the informant as the primary data collection techniques. Through the technique of determination of informants in snowball obtained the main informant the principal and teachers at Private schools. While secondary data on Madrasah Aliyah documents obtained from the private Al-Amin Wowoni Island Regency, South Labokeo at the relevant point of view. The research result found that strategy done by a principal in improving education covering coaching academical or supervision academic covering design program of instruction, learning, carry out commitment to work, evaluate learning, during tutoring hours to students, manage class, using media and source of learning, as well as training discipline the teacher then administrative guidance management includes teaching, management kepegawaian, management student, management facilities and infrastructures, and financial management.
Analisis Kemampuan Penulisan Kalimat Efektif Mahasiswa di Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya
Authors: Zulfadhli Muhammad , Hamdani Haris , Rebecca Lakawa Agustin
Published: December 2022

Writing effective sentences is an important skill to be mastered. However, obstacles still are found among university students. This study aims to analyze and describe the student’s ability to compose sentences effectively while writing at Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya. This research used qualitative research. The research conducted was at Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya, Bekasi City. The subjects of this study consisted of 34 undergraduate students who studied the general introductory course of the Indonesian language. The data was collected through an effective sentence writing ability test, observation, and interviews. The data analysis technique used Miles and Huberman analysis, which consisted of four stages: data collection, data reduction, data display, and verification or data conclusion. The results show that the achievement of students' ability of effective sentence writing was generally in a good category. in another side, several students still had not mastered all indicators of effective sentence writing. The aspect of diction is the most mastered by students, while the aspect of reasoning (logical) is the most challenging aspect for students. Student's difficulties in writing effective sentences were found in 4 indicators, including 32% in the grammatical aspect, 41% in the reasoning aspect, 24% in the economic aspect, and 35% in the parallelism aspect. The results of this study imply that learning effective sentence writing still needs to be improved in higher education, so the proper learning of Indonesian language courses is needed.
PENGARUH KOMPOS BIOMASSA GULMA DAUN LEBAR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN SAWI KERITING PADA TANAH ALUVIAL
Authors: Elvidius Elvidius , Budi Setia , Zulfita Dwi
Published: December 2022

This research aimed to know the influence of broad leaf  weeds biomassa compos and the exact dose toward the growth and the result of curly cabbage on aluvial land. This research was conducted in the farm of agriculture faculty in Tanjungpura university from 6 july 2013 until 14 august 2013.This research used field experiment method with randomized system, consists of 6 treatments and 4 tests, each test consists of 3 sample of plants. The treatments is: k0 = without give compos, k1 = give compos about 38,43 g /polybag  same with  4720 kg/ha, k2 = give compos about 74,43 g /polybag  same with    8720 kg/ha,  k3 = give compos about 110,43 g /polybag  same with 12720 kg/ha, k4 = give compos about 146,43 g /polybag  same with 16720 kg/ha, k5 = give compos about 182,43 g /polybag  same with 20720 kg/ha. The variable that has examined is the volume of root (cm3),  amount of leaf clorofil (spad unit), wide of leaf (cm2),weight of dry plant s(g), weight of fresh plants(g),  weight of leaf (sheet).The result of this research shows that the given of biomassa weeds broad leaves compos can increase the growth of mustrad greens on aluvial land. Biomassa weeds broad leaves compos is effective for the growht and result of mustrad greens on aluvial land is with dose 38,43 g/polybag. Keywords: broad leaf  weeds biomassa compos, growth, result, curly cabbage, aluvial land
Computational Design of an Electro-Organocatalyst for Conversion of CO2 into Formaldehyde
Authors: Khezeli Foroogh , Plaisance Craig
Published: December 2022

Density functional theory calculations employing a hybrid implicit/explicit solvation method were used to explore a new strategy for electrochemical conversion of CO2 using an electro-organocatalyst. A particular structural motif is identified that consists of an electron-rich >N−C=C−N< (enediamine) backbone which is capable of activating CO2 by formation of a C−C bond while subsequently facilitating the transfer of electrons from a chemically inert cathode to ultimately produce formaldehyde. Unlike transition metal-based electrocatalysts, the electroorganocatalyst is not constrained by scaling relations between the formation energies of activated CO2 and adsorbed CO, nor is it expected to be active for the competing hydrogen evolution reaction. The rate limiting steps are found to occur during two proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) sequences and are associated with the transfer of a proton from a proton transfer mediator to a carbon atom on the electro-organocatalyst. The difficulty of this step in the second PCET sequence necessitates an electrode potential of −0.94 V vs. RHE to achieve the maximum turnover frequency. In addition, it is postulated that the electro-organocatalyst should also be capable of forming long chain aldehydes by successively carrying out reductive aldol condensation to grow the alkyl chain one carbon at a time. While much effort is still required to bring this conceptual design to reality, we are optimistic that the new directions for CO2 conversion opened up by this initial work will one day result in a practical device for electrochemical conversion of CO2 into multicarbon products.
Active molecular network discovery links lifestyle variables to breast cancer in the Long Island Breast Cancer Study Project
Authors: Yu Miao , Li Qian , Dolios Georgia , Tu Peijun , Teitelbaum Susan , Chen Jia , Petrick Lauren
Published: December 2022

Background/Aim: Healthy lifestyle has been associated with decreased risk of developing breast cancer. Using untargeted metabolomics profiling, which provides unbiased information regarding lifestyle choices such as diet and exercise, we aim to identify the molecular mechanisms connecting lifestyle and breast cancer through network analysis. Methods: A total of 100 post-menopausal women, 50 with breast cancer and 50 cancer-free controls were selected from the Long Island Breast Cancer Study Project (LIBCSP). We measured untargeted plasma metabolomics using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). Using the ‘enet’ package, we retained highly correlated metabolites representing active molecular network (AMN) clusters for analysis. A typical machine learning workflow (LASSO) was used to examine associations between cancer status and AMN metabolites and covariates such as BMI, age, and reproductive factors. LASSO was then repeated to examine associations between AMN metabolites and 10 lifestyle related variables including smoking, physical activity, alcohol consumption, meat consumption, fruit and vegetables consumption, and supplemental vitamin use. Results were displayed as a network to uncover biological pathways linking lifestyle factors to breast cancer status. Results: After filtering, there were 1797 metabolomics peaks in the plasma samples. Of these, 851 “active” metabolites were retained in 197 correlation AMN clusters. Using LASSO, breast cancer status was associated with 71 “active” metabolites. Several of these metabolites were associated with lifestyle variables including meat consumption, alcohol consumption, and supplemental β-carotene, B12 and folate use. No individual lifestyle factors were significantly associated with breast cancer status using LASSO, suggesting that metabolites may act as biological intermediaries between healthy lifestyle factors and breast cancer. In particular, DiHODE, a metabolite linked with inflammation, was associated with breast cancer status and connected to β-carotene supplement usage through an AMN. Conclusions: We found several plasma metabolites associated with lifestyle factors and breast cancer status. Future studies investigating the mechanistic role of inflammation in linking supplement usage to breast cancer status are warranted.
A Concise Synthetic Approach to Highly Reactive Click-to-Release Trans-Cyclooctene Linkers
Authors: Liu Bing , ten Hoeve Wolter , Versteegen Ron , Rossin Raffaella , Kleijn Laurens , Robillard Marc
Published: December 2022

An increase of the click-to-release reaction rate between cleavable trans-cyclooctenes (TCO) and tetrazines would be beneficial for drug delivery applications. In this work, we developed a short and stereoselective synthesis route towards highly reactive sTCOs that serve as cleavable linkers, affording quantitative tetrazine-triggered payload release. In addition, the 5-fold more reactive sTCO exhibited the same in vivo stability as the parent TCO linker when used as antibody linker in circulation in mice.
Skin Cases - 1
Authors: Hanumanthaiyya Keloji
Published: December 2022

None
Effects of cataract surgery on corneal sensation
Authors: AC Anbarasi , M Subhashini
Published: December 2022

Purpose of the study To study the effects of cataract surgery on corneal sensationMethods A hospital based cross-sectional study was done. The individuals enrolled in this study were patients who were phakic In one eye and pseudophakic in the other above the age of 45 years and who attended the ophthalmology out-patient department. Only those patients who had undergone surgery within 3 months were taken. After obtaining the details of surgery detailed ocular examination was done. Corneal sensitivity was assessed by a Cochet- Bonnet aesthesiometer.Results The corneal sensitivity following cataract surgery was decreased in 950 in those who had SICS superior Incision In 1257.1 In those with SICS temporal and In 1885.7 corneal incision In Phacoemulsification . It was compared in the phakic eye of the same group having normal corneal sensitivity. Diminished corneal sensitivity was found to be significantly associated following cataract surgery.Conclusion There Is enough evidence to suggest a thorough ocular evaluation of all post operative patients following cataract surgery and It should Include evaluation for evidence of diminished corneal sensitivity.nbsp
APPLICATION OF LINEAR PROGRAMMING FOR PROFIT MAXIMIZATION: A CASE STUDY OF A COOKIES FACTORY IN BANGLADESH
Authors: Islam Nazrul , Mim Afsana Yeasmin , Prodhan Md. Rayhan
Published: December 2022

Linear programming is a mathematical method for choosing the best product combination to maximize profit or decrease cost within the limitations of available resources. In this article, we have proposed the linear programming application for profit Maximization of a Biscuit Factory in Bangladesh. For linear programming problems, the Simplex algorithm provides a powerful computational tool, able to provide fast solution to very large-scale application. The optimization principal examined unit cost of production, the selling price and the quantity of different raw materials used in production. A model for the problem was formulated and optimum results derived using software that employed simplex method. Our main goal is to emphasize the uniqueness of linear programming modeling at the business level as an optimization technique, and to encourage manufacturing companies to employ linear programming to determine their optimal profit.
THE SOLUTION OF ONE-PHASE STEFAN-LIKE PROBLEMS WITH A FORCING TERM BY MOVING TAYLOR SERIES
Authors: Deiaa M. , Elbeshbeeshy W. S. , El-Kalla I. L. , Elsaid A.
Published: December 2022

In this article, we construct an approximate series solution for the one-dimensional one-phase Stefan-like problems with a forcing term. An algorithm is proposed to represent the nonhomogeneous forcing term in a moving series form to incorporate it into the moving Taylor series method. Numerical examples are solved by the proposed algorithm and the results show that with a suitable number of terms in the utilized moving series, the approximate solution is in good agreement with the exact solution.
NUMERICAL COMPUTATIONS OF GENERAL NON-LINEAR SECOND ORDER INITIAL VALUE PROBLEMS BY USING MODIFIED RUNGE-KUTTA METHOD
Authors: Islam Nazrul , Hossan Md. Shorif , Mosharaf Md. Parvez , Prodhan Md. Rayhan
Published: December 2022

Numerical solution of ordinary differential equations is the most important technique which is widely used for mathematical modelling in science and engineering. The differential equation that describes the problem is typically too complex to precisely solve in real-world circumstances. Since most ordinary differential equations are not solvable analytically, numerical computations are the only way to obtain information about the solution. Many different methods have been proposed and used is an attempt to solve accurately various types of ordinary differential equations. Among them, Runge-Kutta is a well-known and popular method because of their good efficiency. This paper contains an analysis for the computations of the modified Runge-Kutta method for nonlinear second order initial value problems. This method is wide quite efficient and practically well suited for solving linear and non-linear problems. In order to verify the accuracy, we compare numerical solution with the exact solution. We also compare the performance and the computational effort of this method. In order to achieve higher accuracy in the solution, the step size needs to be small. Finally, we take some examples of non-linear initial value problems (IVPs) to verify proposed method. The results of that example indicate that the convergence, stability analysis, and error analysis which are discussed to determine the efficiency of the method.
The Influence of Technology in Educating English Language Learners at-risk or with Disabilities: A Systematic Review
Authors: Jiang Yizhe , Wang Qian , Weng Zhenjie
Published: December 2022

With the development of technology, the quantity and quality of electronic devices for students learning English as a second or foreign language (ESL/EFL) are on the rise, especially since the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic. To facilitate practices in English language education for students with special needs, the researchers conducted a systematic review of the empirical studies of technology tools for ESL/EFL students with learning difficulties published in the previous two decades. This paper presents the study selection process and findings of the review based on 16 peer-reviewed journal articles and one book chapter. The paper reveals the frequent mental and physical difficulties of English language learning and the typical technology tools employed in and out of class. More importantly, this paper discusses the roles of these technology tools in students’ English language acquisition, specifically their effects on student learning outcomes and the students’ perceptions toward them. With limited primary sources, this paper calls for more attention to the use of technology in English language learning of ESL/EFL students identified as at-risk and with learning disabilities and raises some implications for future research and instructional practices.