bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ultrasonic Velocity and Compressibility Studies of Tetraalkylammonium Salts in Acetonitrile + Methanol Binary Mixtures at 298.15 K
Authors: Anand Hardeep , Verma Renu
Published: January 2016

The ultrasonic velocities (u) and densities (ρ) of
tetraalkylammonium perchlorates (R4NClO4, where
R = Methyl, Ethyl, Propyl or Butyl) and tetrabutylammonium
tetraphenylborate (Bu4NPh4B) solutions have been measured
at different salt concentrations in the range
(30–500) × 10−4 mol kg
–1 in binary
mixtures of acetonitrile (AN) with methanol (MeOH)
containing 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mol %
methanol at 298.15 K. The isentropic compressibilities
(K

s
) and apparent molal isentropic compressibilities
(K

s,φ
) of different salts in the solvent mixtures have
been calculated. Limiting apparent molal isentropic compressibilities
(K

o

s,φ
) for various salts have been evaluated and
split into contributions of individual ions i.e., into
(K

o

s,φ
)± values. The variation of
(K

o

s,φ
)± values with solvent composition shows
that Bu4N+ and Ph4B+ have very large
positive (K

o

s,φ
)± values which show strong
solvophobic interactions in AN and in
AN + MeOH mixtures over the entire solvent
composition range. These positive values indicate some special type of
interactions with the solvent molecules, which increase with the
increase of MeOH composition. ClO4

–
shows much
weaker solvation in AN + MeOH mixtures by having
some interaction with AN in the AN rich region of the
mixtures. The negative values of Me4N+ and
Et4N+ ions show strong structural effects which arise due
to solute-solvent interactions in MeOH rich region of mixtures.
Author's rights in the digital age
Authors: Mičunović Miljana , Balković Luka
Published: January 2016

Author's rights and copyright law have gone through quite a few changes in the 'post-print' culture of binary systems, digital formations and techno-practices. Technological development supports new concept of author's rights by promoting free internet and digital market, as well as new contemporary experience of culture that is being rooted in digital technology, mass communication and the world of multimedia and virtuality. Though computer and digital technology have served both authors and users in various ways, they have also served as a very fertile ground for sharing copyrighted content thus leading to numerous copyright infringements and conflicts with the copyright law. The aim of this paper is to identify and analyze the ways in which computer and digital technology have given rise to new trends in the production (e.g. remix culture) and consumption (e.g. peer-to-peer file sharing technology) of culture, but also to determine how new forms of distribution, use and sharing of digital content changed and shaped the perception of authorship in the 21st century. In order to analyze the dynamic, nature and structure by which new digital and networking technologies are affecting the concept of authorship and author's rights and to test the consistency of previously established hypotheses, we conducted a survey amongst general public. Altogether 535 questionnaires were completed. Data was analyzed using SPSS tool and quantitative method of analysis. In the analysis special attention was given to both, the concept of authorship in the digital environment and the concept of peer-to-peer file sharing technology as not so new, but still very popular networked architecture for distributing, using and sharing digital content.Results have shown that most of the respondents use peer-to-peer file sharing technology to access, consume and/or share different cultural content (e.g. movies, music, books, etc.) while violating the rights of copyright holders. That is one of the main reasons why copyright holders and creative industry constantly find new ways to fight peer-to-peer networking technology, especially commercial file sharing, thus sometimes restraining cultural production and even technological development. This leads to conclusion that this new dynamic, decentralized and distributed networked environment grounded in digital democracy and participating culture of prosumers asks for new legal initiatives and solutions. The research shows that the basic understanding of authorship and the right's of authors and other creative workers in the context of Internet culture and digital media hasn't changed a lot, but, by reason of new available digital means of production and tools of consumption, users attitudes, habits and practices towards them have. To resolve this conflict, law needs to find new mechanisms
Verde que te quiero verde. Incompatibilidades entre nuestra realidad y nuestra racionalidad
Authors: Herra Castro Ernesto , Navarro Gómez Luis
Published: January 2016

El artículo muestra cómo el tipo de racionalidad de dominio contenida en la modernidad ha impuesto una única forma de nombrar y relacionarnos en nuestro trópico mesoamericano, expreso en una gama exuberantemente de verdes en escala policromática. Lo anterior es posible a partir de una problematización de este tipo de racionalidad para pensar, de manera modesta, en los retos prospectivos que enfrenta la región mesoaméricana para garantizar la producción y reproducción de la vida a futuro.
Hegel y la totalidad en el todo
Authors: Chaverri Diego
Published: January 2016

La filosofía dialéctica de Hegel se despliega particularmente en el concepto de totalidad, el cual permite aprehender la importancia de otros conceptos centrales en sus obras. Este artículo recorre el concepto de totalidad en Hegel e indica algunas de sus implicaciones más allá del optimismo propio de la filosofía clásica alemana, entre estas, su influencia en la sociología.
A Quality Improvement Collaborative to Improve Pediatric Primary Care Genetic Services
Authors: Rinke Michael L. , Driscoll Amy , Mikat-Stevens Natalie , Healy Jill , Colantuoni Elizabeth , Elias Abdallah F. , Pletcher Beth A. , Gubernick Ruth S. , Larson Ingrid , Chung Wendy K. , Tarini Beth A.
Published: January 2016

OBJECTIVE:

To investigate if a national pediatric primary care quality improvement collaborative (QIC) could improve and sustain adherence with process measures related to diagnosis and management of children with genetic disorders.

METHODS:

Thirteen practices in 11 states from the American Academy of Pediatrics’ Quality Improvement Innovation Networks participated in a 6-month QIC that included regular educational opportunities, access to genetic professionals, and performance feedback. The QIC identified 11 aims related to improving diagnosis and management of children with genetic disorders. The practices evaluated adherence by reviewing patient records at baseline, monthly for 6 months (active improvement period), and then once 6 months after the QIC’s conclusion to check for sustainability. Random intercept binomial regression models with practice level random intercepts were used to compare adherence over time for each aim.

RESULTS:

During the active improvement period, statistically significant improvements in adherence were observed for 4 of the 7 aims achieving minimal data submission levels. For example, adherence improved for family histories created/maintained at health supervision visits documenting all components of the family history (6% vs 60%, P < .001), and for patients with specific genetic disorders who received recommended care (58% vs 85%, P < .001). All 4 of these aims also demonstrated statistically significant improvements during the sustainability period.

CONCLUSIONS:

A national QIC reveals promise in improving and sustaining adherence with process measures related to the diagnosis and management of genetic disorders. Future research should focus on patient outcome measures and the optimal number of aims to pursue in QICs.
ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA Y OTROS HÁBITOS DE VIDA SALUDABLES DE ESTUDIANTES DE MEDICINA DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE COSTA RICA
Authors: Jiménez Morgan Sergio , Hernández-Elizondo Jessenia
Published: January 2016

Las médicas y los médicos desempeñan un rol como modelos sociales, y sus hábitos personales influyen en su ejercicio profesional y la calidad de la prevención primaria que realizan. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue determinar si, como médicas y médicos en formación, las y los estudiantes de medicina de la Universidad de Costa Rica cumplen con las recomendaciones nacionales e internacionales en componentes claves de un estilo de vida saludable. Se aplicaron cuestionarios anónimos, durante el segundo semestre del año 2014, a estudiantes de primero a quinto año de carrera (n = 206). Por medio de dichos documentos fueron recolectados algunos datos personales, así como información acerca de hábitos de tabaquismo, ingesta de alcohol, frecuencia y cantidad de consumo de frutas y vegetales, y actividades físicas practicadas. Se determinó que la mayoría de los participantes ingería bebidas alcohólicas (52,91 %), con una baja prevalencia de tabaquistas activos (3,39 %). Además, si bien cumplieron las recomendaciones nacionales e internacionales para el consumo de frutas y vegetales, el 40 % de los participantes no realizaba ningún ejercicio físico, y entre quienes sí lo hacían diariamente, el 68,93 % dedicaba en promedio solamente 7,78 minutos a dicha actividad. Finalmente, quienes se ejercitaban una vez a la semana dedicaban más tiempo al estudio y menos tiempo a ver televisión. En conclusión, urge implementar estrategias de promoción del ejercicio en esta población universitaria, para prevenir que estos futuros profesionales desarrollen sobrepeso, obesidad y enfermedades crónicas asociadas a la baja actividad física.
List of angiosperm species in an Atlantic Forest fragment reveals collection gaps in Espírito Santo state, Brazil
Authors: Luber Jaquelini , Tuler Amélia Carlos , Leite Filipe Torres , Christ Jheniffer Abeldt , Guidoni-Martins Karlo Gregório , Zanetti Marcilio , Holunder Renan Köpp , Manhães Vitor Da Cunha , Zorzanelli João Paulo Fernandes , Mendonça Eduardo De Sá , Garbin Mário Luís , Carrijo Tatiana Tavares
Published: January 2016

This study presents a list of angiosperm species in an Atlantic Forest fragment in the southern portion of Espírito Santo state, Brazil, a region that represents a collection gap within the Atlantic Forest. The studied site is a relatively small fragment of 144 ha located within a conservation unit, the Mata das Flores State Park. The site belongs to a conservation priority area for the Atlantic Forest in Espírito Santo, and is under strong anthropic pressure. Of the 239 species listed here, 21 are new records for the state, eight are endemic, and 20 figure either in the country’s or the state’s Red Lists of endangered species. Rubiaceae and Piperaceae were the families with the highest number of species. We show that small fragments that were never inventoried before can reveal a relatively large number of threatened species and that collection gaps need to be filled in order to refine our understanding about conservation priorities within the Atlantic Forest Biome.
Towards Structured Modelling with Hyperdag P Systems
Authors: Dinneen Michael J. , Kim Yun-Bum , Nicolescu Radu
Published: January 2016

Although P systems are computationally complete, many real world models, such as socio-economic systems, databases, operating systems and distributed systems, seem to require more expressive power than provided by tree structures. Many such systems have a primary tree-like structure augmented with shared or secondary communication channels. Modelling these as tree-based systems, while theoretically possible, is not very appealing, because it typically needs artificial extensions that introduce additional complexities, inexistent in the originals. In this paper, we propose and define a new model called hyperdag P systems, in short, hP systems, which extend the definition of conventional P systems, by allowing dags, interpreted as hypergraphs, instead of trees, as models for the membrane structure. We investigate the relation between our hP systems and neural P systems. Despite using an apparently restricted structure, i.e., a dag instead of a general graph, we argue that hP systems have essentially the same computational power as tissue and neural P systems. We argue that hP systems offer a structured approach to membranebased modelling that is often closer to the behavior and underlying structure of the modelled objects.
Antóceros e hepáticas dos Estados de Alagoas, Bahia, Pernambuco e Sergipe, Brasil, depositados no Herbário SP
Authors: Yano Olga , Peralta Denilson Fernandes , Bordin Juçara
Published: January 2016

Durante o estudo de antóceros e hepáticas depositados no herbário Maria Eneyda P. Kauffmann Fidalgo (SP) foram identificados 197 táxons de Anthocerotophyta e Marchantiophyta para os Estados de Alagoas, Bahia, Pernambuco e Sergipe. Os táxons estão distribuídos em 61 gêneros e 23 famílias. Destes, 69 táxons são novas citações para pelo menos um dos Estados. Plagiochila fordiana Steph. é uma nova referência para o Brasil.
The Risk of Major Hemorrhage with CKD
Authors: Molnar Amber O. , Bota Sarah E. , Garg Amit X. , Harel Ziv , Lam Ngan , McArthur Eric , Nesrallah Gihad , Perl Jeffrey , Sood Manish M.
Published: January 2016

New staging systems for CKD account for both reduced eGFR and albuminuria; whether each measure associates with greater risk of hemorrhage is unclear. In this retrospective cohort study (2002–2010), we grouped 516,197 adults ≥40 years old by eGFR (≥90, 60 to <90, 45 to <60, 30 to <45, 15 to <30, or <15 ml/min per 1.73 m2) and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR; >300, 30–300, or <30 mg/g) to examine incidence of hemorrhage. The 3-year cumulative incidence of hemorrhage increased 20-fold across declining eGFR and increasing urine ACR groupings (highest eGFR/lowest ACR: 0.5%; lowest eGFR/highest ACR: 10.1%). Urine ACR altered the association of eGFR with hemorrhage (P<0.001). In adjusted models using the highest eGFR/lowest ACR grouping as the referent, patients with eGFR=15 to <30 ml/min per 1.73 m2 had adjusted relative risks of hemorrhage of 1.9 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.5 to 2.4) with the lowest ACR and 3.7 (95% CI, 3.0 to 4.5) with the highest ACR. Patients with the highest eGFR/highest ACR had an adjusted relative risk of hemorrhage of 2.3 (95% CI, 1.8 to 2.9), comparable with the risk for patients with the lowest eGFR/lowest ACR. The associations attenuated but remained significant after adjustment for anticoagulant and antiplatelet use in patients ≥66 years old. The risk of hemorrhage differed by urine ACR in high risk subgroups. Our data show that declining eGFR and increasing albuminuria each independently increase hemorrhage risk. Strategies to reduce hemorrhage events among patients with CKD are warranted.
Impaired Glucose and Insulin Homeostasis in Moderate-Severe CKD
Authors: de Boer Ian H. , Zelnick Leila , Afkarian Maryam , Ayers Ernest , Curtin Laura , Himmelfarb Jonathan , Ikizler T. Alp , Kahn Steven E. , Kestenbaum Bryan , Utzschneider Kristina
Published: January 2016

Kidney disease leads to clinically relevant disturbances in glucose and insulin homeostasis, but the pathophysiology in moderate-severe CKD remains incompletely defined. In a cross-sectional study of 59 participants with nondiabetic CKD (mean eGFR =37.6 ml/min per 1.73 m2) and 39 healthy control subjects, we quantified insulin sensitivity, clearance, and secretion and glucose tolerance using hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp and intravenous and oral glucose tolerance tests. Participants with CKD had lower insulin sensitivity than participants without CKD (mean[SD] 3.9[2.0] versus 5.0 [2.0] mg/min per µU/ml; P<0.01). Insulin clearance correlated with insulin sensitivity (r=0.72; P<0.001) and was also lower in participants with CKD than controls (876 [226] versus 998 [212] ml/min; P<0.01). Adjustment for physical activity, diet, fat mass, and fatfree mass in addition to demographics and smoking partially attenuated associations of CKD with insulin sensitivity (adjusted difference, −0.7; 95% confidence interval, −1.4 to 0.0 mg/min per µU/ml) and insulin clearance (adjusted difference, −85; 95% confidence interval, −160 to −10 ml/min). Among participants with CKD, eGFR did not significantly correlate with insulin sensitivity or clearance. Insulin secretion and glucose tolerance did not differ significantly between groups, but 65% of participants with CKD had impaired glucose tolerance. In conclusion, moderate-severe CKD associated with reductions in insulin sensitivity and clearance that are explained, in part, by differences in lifestyle and body composition. We did not observe a CKD-specific deficit in insulin secretion, but the combination of insulin resistance and inadequate augmentation of insulin secretion led to a high prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance.
Three years in and still going strong: An annual recap for the Journal of Melittology
Authors: Engel Michael S. , Gonzalez Victor H.
Published: January 2016

The activities of the Journal of Melittology for its third complete year and goals for the coming year are summarized.  Advances for 2015 included the automatic registration and incorporation of DOIs for each article and the release of 12 articles, collectively encompassing 202 pages.
A new species of Colletes (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Colletidae) from northern Florida and Georgia, with notes on the Colletes of those states
Authors: Hall H Glenn , Almquist David T , Ascher John S
Published: January 2016

Colletes ultravalidus Hall & Ascher, new species, is described from several sites in northwestern Florida and southeastern Georgia.  It is a member of the inaequalis species group, very similar to C. validus Cresson, a specialist of Ericaceae, but can be distinguished by an even more elongate malar area and the absence of conspicuous tergal fascia.  Colletes ultravalidus has been found flying from early winter to early spring when it forms nest aggregations in xeric sites adjacent to shrub bog or basin swamp, the habitat of Pieris phyllyreifolia (Hook.) DC. (Ericaceae), the most likely, but as yet unconfirmed, host plant of the new species.  State records of Colletes for Florida and Georgia are reviewed and discrepancies in taxonomy and distributional limits between Stephen’s 1954 revision of the genus and Mitchell’s 1960 monograph of eastern North American bees are noted.  We concur with Stephen that the distributions of several taxa in Colletes are more limited than that reported by Mitchell.
Surgical correction of joint deformities and hyaline cartilage regeneration
Authors: Vinokurov Vyacheslav Alexandrovich , Norkin Igor Alekseevich
Published: January 2016

Aim. To determine a method of extra-articular osteochondral fragment formation for the improvement of surgical correction results of joint deformities and optimization of regenerative conditions for hyaline cartilage. Materials and Methods. The method of formation of an articular osteochondral fragment without penetration into the joint cavity was devised experimentally. More than 30 patients with joint deformities underwent the surgery. Results. During the experiments, we postulated that there may potentially be a complete recovery of joint defects because of hyaline cartilage regeneration. By destructing the osteochondral fragment and reforming it extra-articularally, joint defects were recovered in all patients. The results were evaluated as excellent and good in majority of the patients. Conclusion. These findings indicate a novel method in which the complete recovery of joint defects due to dysplastic genesis or osteochondral defects as a result of injuries can be obtained. The devised method can be used in future experiments for objectification and regenerative potential of hyaline cartilage (e.g., rate and volume of the reformed joints that regenerate, detection of cartilage elements, and the regeneration process).
Result of bilateral total hip replacement in the treatment of a child with cerebral palsy
Authors: Baskov Vladimir Evgenievich , Neverov Valentin Aleksandrovich
Published: January 2016

Total hip replacement in children is performed according to very limited and compelling indications. The principal of such a treatment is the complete and irreversible destruction of the hip joint accompanied by a permanent loss of function of the lower limb. Hip replacement in children with cerebral palsy is a very rare method of treatment. According to observations from the Turner Institute, it was performed in only 2% of all replacement cases. After the placement of an artificial joint, the atherogenic component of the contractures disappears and improves the motor activity of patients. In this paper, a 3-year follow-up of the bilateral total hip replacement in a child with cerebral palsy and bilateral secondary stage III coxarthrosis is presented.
Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa associated with congenital contractures of the upper and lower limbs: literature review
Authors: Agranovich Olga Evgenievna , Buklaev Dmitry Stepanovich , Tikhonenko Tatiana Ivanovna
Published: January 2016

Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a rare hereditary disease. Its main feature is vesication and weeping sores (erosions) of the skin and mucous membranes, resulting from a minor injury. Clinical manifestations of the disease may vary from localized vesicles on the hands and feet to a generalized rash of the skin as well as lesions of the mucosa of the inner organs. At present, there are four main groups of EB: simple, intermediate, dystrophic, and Kindler syndrome. Mutations cause changes in the structure of the proteins responsible for the adhesion between layers of the dermis, leading to vesication. Treatment of EB is a challenge because of the lack of opportunities for the direct influence on the disease process, and its main purpose is to correct the existing cutaneous manifestations and prevent the occurrence of new elements. This article describes the main types of EB, methods of current diagnosis, and treatment of the disease as well as a clinical case of a rare combination of two severe disorders: 1) dystrophic EB and 2) arthrogryposis with upper and lower limb involvement.
Functional state of blood circulation and neuromuscular system of the lower limb of patients with congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia after consolidation of the nonunion
Authors: Pozdeev Aleksander Pavlovich , Zakharyan Ekaterina Anatolievna , Zubairov Timur Faizovich , Nikityuk Igor Evgenievich
Published: January 2016

The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and functional state of the neuromuscular system and the blood supply to the lower limbs of children with congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia (CPT) after consolidation. Material and Methods. A total of 100 patients with CPT were analyzed. We performed a clinical examination of patients, panoramic X-ray of the lower extremities, electroneuromyogram, and reovasography. Results and Conclusions. The primary complaints of patients with CPT after the consolidation of the non-union were lameness, deformations of lower extremities, and pain in the local joints. The electromyoneuromyogram data of the lower limbs of patients with CPT exhibited a decrease of the contractility of the muscles of the lower limbs, and neuropathy of the peroneal nerves of both lower limbs. The reovasography data of the lower limbs of patients with CPT displayed improvement in blood circulation in the lower extremities after the consolidation of the tibia. These data promote the current methods of treatment of patients with CPT; however, the temperature, degree of limb lengthening, and deformity correction should be considered in the future.
Research Impact of Open Access Journals in Animal Sciences
Authors: Singh Nirmal , Kumar Dhiraj
Published: January 2016

The present study aims to examine the research impact of open access journals in the subject of animal sciences. The Impact Factor (IF) of journals, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS) rating of journals, SCImago Journal Rank (SJR) and h-index are the parameters used to assess the research impact of periodicals enlisted in Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) under the subject headings 'Animal Culture' and 'Veterinary Medicine'. The findings revealed that more than 1/3rd of total 126 OA journals have succeeded to attain IF and NAAS rating. Despite this, only 6 of these journals have been able to find place in the core list of veterinary journals suggested by the Ohio State University. As large majority of journals got listed in DOAJ during 2011-2013, the research impact of OA has to be tested over the period.
Usage of E-Resources by the PG Students of Doaba College Jalandhar:A Case Study
Authors: Singh Jagjit
Published: January 2016

Students are the backbone of any institution and success of any institution especially library depends upon the use of library resources. Post Graduate students use e-resources for their study, research and for consultancy purposed. Libraries have been playing very active role in providing adequate opportunities for the use of electronic resources to their users. The present study concerns with the usage of electronic resources by the PG students of Doaba College Jalandhar. The study focuses on the role of e-resources in their study, research orientation, level of satisfaction, quality of search, number of e-resources, accessibility, services, training and assistance provided by library for the use of e-resources.
Antiproliferative effect of β-escin - an in vitro study.
Authors: Mojžišová Gabriela , Kello Martin , Pilátová Martina , Tomečková Vladimíra , Vašková Janka , Vaško Ladislav , Bernátová Silvia , Mirossay Ladislav , Mojžiš Ján
Published: January 2016

This study examined the antiproliferative effects of β-escin (E) in cancer cells. The study showed that E inhibited cancer cells growth in a dose-dependent manner. The flow cytometric analysis revealed an escin-induced increase in the sub-G1 DNA content, which is considered to be a marker of apoptosis. Apoptosis was also confirmed by annexin V staining and DNA fragmentation assay. These effects were associated with increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), caspase-3 activation and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Moreover, escin decreased mitochondrial protein content and mitochondrial fluorescence intensity as well as caused depletion of glutathione (GSH). However, activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) was not significantly changed in escin-treated cells. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that E has apoptotic effects in human cancer cells through the mechanisms involving mitochondrial perturbation. Although the exact mechanism needs to be investigated further, it can be concluded that E may be a useful candidate agent for cancer treatment.
Cloning, expression, and biochemical characterization of a cold-active GDSL-esterase of a Pseudomonas sp. S9 isolated from Spitsbergen island soil.
Authors: Wicka Monika , Wanarska Marta , Krajewska Ewelina , Pawlak-Szukalska Anna , Kur Józef , Cieśliński Hubert
Published: January 2016

An estS9 gene, encoding an esterase of the psychrotolerant bacterium Pseudomonas sp. S9 was cloned and sequenced. The deduced sequence revealed a protein of 636 amino acid residues with a molecular mass of 69 kDa. Further amino acid sequence analysis revealed that the EstS9 enzyme contained a G-D-S-L motif centered at a catalytic serine, an N-terminal catalytic domain and a C-terminal autotransporter domain. Two recombinant E. coli strains for production of EstS9N (a two domain enzyme) and EstS9Δ (a one domain enzyme) proteins were constructed, respectively. Both recombinant proteins were successfully produced as inclusion bodies and then purified under denaturing conditions. However, because of the low enzymatic activity of the refolded EstS9Δ protein, only the EstS9N protein was further characterized. The purified and refolded EstS9N protein was active towards short-chain p-nitrophenyl esters (C2-C8), with optimal activity for the butyrate (C4) ester. With p-nitrophenyl butyrate as the substrate, the enzyme displayed optimal activity at 35°C and pH 9.0. Additionally, the EstS9N esterase retained ~90% of its activity from 25-40°C and ~40% of its activity at 10°C. Moreover, analysis of its kinetic parameters (Km, kcat, kcat/Km) toward p-nitrophenyl butyrate determined at 15°C and 25°C confirmed that the EstS9 enzyme is cold-adapted. To the best of our knowledge, EstS9 is the third characterized cold-active GDSL-esterase and the first one confirmed to contain an autotransporter domain characteristic for enzymes secreted by the type V secretion system.
Conflicting results of non-invasive methods for detection of Helicobacter pylori infection in children with celiac disease - a preliminary study.
Authors: Józefczuk Jan , Mądry Edyta , Nowak Jan , Walkowiak Marek , Łochocka Klaudia , Banasiewicz Tomasz , Pławski Andrzej , Kwiecień Jarosław , Walkowiak Jarosław
Published: January 2016

There are no data addressing the usefulness of non-invasive tests for the detection of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection in celiac disease (CD).
The aim of this study was to compare two most sensitive and specific tests - urea breath test (UBT) and fecal antigen test (FAT) in HP diagnosis in CD patients.
The study comprised of 76 CD patients, 49 healthy subjects (HS) and 35 patients who underwent differential diagnosis due to abdominal pain (AP patients). The presence of HP infection was evaluated using the (13)C isotope-labeled UBT and FAT (ELISA).
HP infection was diagnosed based on UBT and FAT in 8 (16.3%) and 7 (14.3%) HS, and in 8 (10.5%) CD patients and 12 (34.3%) AP patients, respectively, using both tests. The prevalence of conflicting results in comparison with positive results (obtained with any of the two tests) was distinctly higher (54.5%) in CD group than in other subjects (23.3%); however, due to low HP prevalence, it did not reach the level of significance (p
O ENFRENTAMENTO DA SITUAÇÃO DE VULNERABILIDADE DOS ADOLESCENTES EM UMA INSTITUIÇÃO DE ATENÇÃO SOCIAL
Authors: Dos Santos Jéssica Rocha , Julião Cláudia Helena
Published: January 2016

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi conhecer a contribuição do programa da Casa do Menino deUberaba – MG, para o enfrentamento da situação de vulnerabilidade social dos adolescentesatendidos. Realizada entre fevereiro e junho de 2013 utilizou-se a pesquisa documental e decampo e, entrevistas gravadas com os profissionais. A análise e a interpretação dos dadosforam feitas de forma quantitativa e qualitativa de modo a possibilitar a construção do perfildos adolescentes e das famílias atendidas, bem como identificar as formas de enfrentamentoàs situações de vulnerabilidade social utilizadas pela instituição. Os resultados demonstramque a Casa do Menino desenvolve trabalho socioeducativo que contribui para que osadolescentes e as famílias atendidas superem as condições de vulnerabilidade.Descritores: Adolescente; Vulnerabilidade social; Assistência Social.
TENDÊNCIA TEMPORAL DE TABAGISMO E INTERNAÇÕES POR DOENÇAS DO APARELHO RESPIRATÓRIO NAS CAPITAIS DA REGIÃO SUDESTE DO BRASIL: 2008-2013
Authors: Leite Marco Aurélio Ferreira de Jesus , Zanetti Hugo Ribeiro , Sasaki Jeffer Eidi , Meneguci Joilson , Júnior Jair Sindra Virtuoso , Abrahão Cesar Augusto França
Published: January 2016

Este estudo tem como objetivo descrever a prevalência de fumantes e de internações por doenças doaparelho respiratório em adultos das capitais da região sudeste do Brasil. Trata-se de pesquisa quantitativautilizando dados informatizados do Ministério da Saúde, sendo estes os de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco eProteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (VIGITEL) e Banco de Dados do Sistema Único deSaúde (DATASUS) com foco nas alterações dos percentuais de fumantes e número de internações pordoenças do aparelho respiratório entre o período de 2008 a 2013. No decorrer dos anos analisados houvedeclínio no percentual de fumantes e estabilização do número de internações por doenças do aparelhorespiratório. A tendência de declínio no percentual de fumantes sinaliza a efetividade de políticasantitabagistas no país e possível impacto positivo na prevenção de doenças do aparelho respiratório.Descritores: Hábito de fumar; Sistema respiratório; Saúde Pública; Aplicações da Epidemiologia.
Study of mutations in aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) gene in cattle from fly ash zone in Maharashtra, India
Authors: Behera Rajalaxmi , Kothekar M. D. , Kale D. S. , Krishnamurthi K. , Sirothia A. R. , Kalorey D. R. , Patil M. S.
Published: January 2016

The experiment was undertaken collaboratively at the Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Nagpur Veterinary College, Nagpur; National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur to study the mutagenic effect of fly ash on bovine Amino Levulinic Acid Dehydratase (ALAD) gene. DNA was extracted from blood samples of 49 fly ash exposed cattle born and reared in vicinity of two Thermal Power Plants, Koradi and Khaperkheda and 41 healthy animals reared at organised farms located more than 10 kilometres away from the plants as the control group. Polymerase Chain Reaction and DNA sequencing of the PCR products were carried out for mutation analysis. ‘MEGA- 5, Bioedit and ‘Clustal Omega’ software were used to analyse the sequenced data. Thirteen animals from fly ash exposed group revealed mutations at different loci. Most of the animals exhibiting mutations had phenotypic expression of heavy metal toxicity. The nucleotide substitution variant G → C was observed in highest frequency. Mutations in bovine ALAD gene may be due to a prolonged exposure to heavy metals and other toxic elements present in fly ash released from the thermal power plants. Further, it serves as ALAD gene may be used as a good candidate for further toxico-genomic studies.
Influence of different tropical stress conditions on biochemical parameters invarious broiler strains
Authors: Amrutkar S. A. , Saxena V. K. , Tomar Simmi
Published: January 2016

The present experiment was conducted to study the effect of different tropical stress conditions on biochemical traits in various broiler strains during 3 to 4 weeks of age. Introgressing some important major genes likes Naked neck (Na) and Frizzle (F) into broiler germplasm may substantially improve the heat tolerance. Hence, the experiment was designed to evaluate three indigenously developed broilers viz. CARIBRO-Tropicana (Naked neck and Frizzle gene bearing), CARIBRO-Mritunjai (Naked neck gene bearing) and CARIBRO-Vishal (Normal plumaged) under different THI (i.e. 72, 85 and 91) for 4 hours daily for 7 days. Total 324 broiler chicks (i.e. 36 chicks in each group) of 3 weeks of age were used in this study. The changes in blood biochemical parameters (i.e. Na, K, Glucose and ACTH) were examined in these experiments at 0th, 3rd and 7th into exposure trials. The glucose, ACTH were observed lowest in frizzle and highest in normal plumaged birds under different THI. In experiment Na and K were observed higher in Frizzle and lowest in normal plumaged birds under different THI. The CARIBRO-Vishal showed highest stress as compared to other group. Higher the THI more severe was the effect on the traits. During the 7 day of exposure trial, birds of all the genetic group exhibited the phenomenon of acclimatization as reveled by the averages of various traits at different days into the exposure.
Comparison of serological tests for detection of Brucella antibodies in cattle of an organized dairy farm
Authors: Kushwaha Neelam , Rajora V. S. , Mohan Anand , Upadhyay A. K. , Kumar Ramesh
Published: January 2016

Brucellosis has long been recognized with high seroprevalence in Indian dairy herds. Serological surveillance followed regularly to monitor the status of the disease. Four serological methods viz., ELISA, RBPT, STAT and 2-ME tests were used to determine the seroprevalence of brucellosis in an organized dairy farm. Overall, 33.85%, 32.61% and 30.90% animals were diagnosed serologically positive, respectively by ELISA, RBPT and STAT. However, only 13.66% animals were diagnosed positive by 2-ME. Maximum numbers of seropositive cases were found in female animals, indigenous breed and in 6 to <9 yrs age group, respectively by all serological tests. ELISA diagnosed highest number of seropositive cases in different categories viz., females (36.41%), indigenous breed (21.13%) and 6 to <9 yrs (52.15%), respectively. Sex, breed and age of animals were found to influence the antibody titer (, p<0.05) of animals. Therefore, ELISA could be recommended as a screening test for cattle. However, at field level RBPT (, 0.8597) and STAT (, 0.8608) may be used for initial screening of the herd. In addition, 2-ME test must be used in parallel to other serological test to rule out the infection.
Indigenous ethnoveterinary medicinal practices for management of mastitis in dairy cattle
Authors: Mooventhan P. , Manimaran A. , Kumar R. Senthil , Selvan A. Sakthivel , Prakash M. Arul
Published: January 2016

The role of ethno-veterinary medicine in livestock and human health is well known fact due to its widespread practice across the globe, including India. WHO stated that, 80% of people in developing countries depend on ethno-veterinary practices due to its inexpensive, easy accessibility and its preparations. Further, 50% of all modern drugs originally came from plants directly or its structural modification suggests for its potency and safety. Although, India has well practiced traditional knowledge, it could not capitalize the global market like USA, EU and China. Lack of well documentation of traditional “hidden” practices is one of the major limitations for its less exploitation. Therefore, an explorative study was conducted in participatory mode to explore and document the traditional practices for clinical mastitis management of dairy animals in the district of Bangalore urban, Karnataka. Since, the mastitis is most common and costly diseases of dairy animals in India and frequent reason for veterinary drug residue problem; in the present study, we have documented the indigenous practices and its procedure for the management of clinical mastitis in dairy animals.
Uncovering the Golden Veil: Applying the Evidence for Telephone Screening to Detect Early Postpartum Depression
Authors: BenDavid Dina N. , Hunker Diane F. , Spadaro Kathleen C.
Published: January 2016

Postpartum depression (PPD) is often detected later than symptom onset, or even undetected, because of lack of prompt or adequate screening. An evidence-based PPD screening protocol using a telephone-based format within a primary care practice was developed to identify symptoms and initiate treatment between 2 and 3 weeks postpartum. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was used, with positive screens referred for provider and support services, and then tracked for follow-through. Fifty-two percent of women screened positive. Sixty-four percent accepted both provider and support referrals, with 89% follow-through with provider referrals and 78% follow-through with support referrals. Outcomes support early screening for PPD using a telephone-based format to effectively identify symptoms and acceptance of referrals by participants.
Understanding Factors That Influence Adolescent Mothers’ Doula Use: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Coley Sheryl L. , Nichols Tracy R.
Published: January 2016

In this study, we examined factors that influenced doula use among adolescent mothers in a community-based childbirth education and doula program. We used a qualitative case study approach to gather perspectives from adolescent mothers and doulas through semistructured interviews, field observations, and a focus group. These women collectively revealed multiple themes related to doula use among adolescent mothers, including relationship development and barriers to doula use at the individual and structural levels. Effective training and support for doulas that serve adolescent clients can improve these mothers’ birth experiences, and program planners in the United States and other countries can use process evaluations to improve doula programs for adolescent mothers.
Eff ect of gamma rays on germination, morphological and yield characters of bhendi (Abelmoschus esculentus [L.] Moench)
Authors: P. Pavadai R. Elangovan,
Published: January 2016

Bhendi (Abelmoschus esculentus [L.] Moench) is the most common vegetable crop of the world. The genus Abelmoschus belongs to family Malvaceae is represented by 12 species. This investigation was carried out to the study of different doses of gamma irradiation on bhendi seeds of varieties arka anamika. Gamma irradiation treatment at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 KR levels. The main objective of the present study is to determine the effect gamma irradiation on different morpho-agronomic characteristics. Agronomic traits were analyzed such as days of first flower, height of plants, number of fruits per plant, fruit length, seed yield per plant, fresh weight per plant, dry weight per plant, 100 seed weight. The seed pre-soaked in distilled water for 6 h before the sown in the field. The results showed that the positive shift with respect to all parameters. High doses of gamma
irradiation (40 and 50 KR) observed in moderate to high values.
Fertilizer Deep Placement Increases Rice Production: Evidence from Farmers’ Fields in Southern Bangladesh
Authors: Mazid Miah Md. Abdul , Gaihre Yam Kanta , Hunter Grahame , Singh Upendra , Hossain Syed Afzal
Published: January 2016

Efficient use of fertilizer is needed to meet the increasing food demand, minimize negative environmental impacts, and maximize farmers’ profits. Fertilizer deep placement (FDP) could be one of the best management techniques to achieve these multiple benefits. Experiments were conducted in 115 farmers’ fields spread over 35 upazilas across eight districts over nine contiguous rice (Oryza sativa L.) growing seasons during 2009 to 2012 in southern Bangladesh to compare the effects of deep placement of urea briquettes (UB) and nitrogen–phosphorus–potassium briquettes (NPK), with farmers’ broadcast prilled urea (PU) on rice yield and net economic return. Deep placement of either UB or NPK significantly increased grain yields and net economic return across all the rice‐growing seasons and years compared to PU. Across the years, average yield increase in UB and NPK over PU was higher during the Aus and Aman (wet) seasons (21–31%) than in the Boro (dry) season (11–17%). In addition to increase in grain yield, deep placement of UB and NPK saved urea by 33 and 44%, respectively, during the Aus–Aman seasons, and by 35 and 28% during the Boro season. The deep placement of one 2.4 g NPK (∼44 kg N ha−1) for the Aus–Aman season and two NPK (87 kg N ha−1) for the Boro season would be more profitable for southern Bangladesh. The FDP also provides the greatest benefits under rainfed wet season conditions where farmers have little control of water management and timing of N application.
El Niño Southern Oscillation Effects on Dryland Crop Production in the Texas High Plains
Authors: Baumhardt R. L. , Mauget S. A. , Schwartz R. C. , Jones O. R.
Published: January 2016

Risk averse dryland crop management in the U.S. southern High Plains stabilizes annual yields, however in some years the full yield potential is unrealized thereby reducing the overall cropping system productivity. Equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) systematically couple with the atmosphere to produce predictable El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) weather in much of North America that could be exploited for improved crop management. Our objective was to evaluate ENSO effects on site‐specific growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] in a dryland wheat–sorghum–fallow (WSF) rotation from 1954 to 2011. Measurements from contour farmed terraces were grouped by common ENSO phase years based on 3‐mo classification ending in June (April–June, AMJ) or August (June–August, JJA) that permits timely management of sorghum or wheat. Compared with years classified during September to November (SON) or mature ENSO phases, the JJA classification identified 78 and 68% of common La Niña and El Niño years, respectively, and may have potential application to wheat management. Poor agreement between SON and AMJ phase classifications reduced common La Niña and El Niño years to 61 and 53% respectively, and may limit grain sorghum management. Compared with La Nina, wheat growing‐season precipitation increased 31% for El Nino and contributed to a 55% increase in detrended grain yield differences. For the Texas High Plains, the ENSO phase effects on sorghum grain yield were less pronounced than for wheat, suggesting ENSO based management is better suited to wheat.

Core Ideas

El Niño phases affected site‐specific rain and crop yield of a 58‐yr field test.

Wheat but not sorghum yields responded significantly to El Niño conditions.

Predicted El Niño phase has the potential to guide site‐specific wheat management.
Germination ofSaccharum ravennae(L.) L. (Poaceae) Caryopses and Intact Spikelets
Authors: Springer T.L. , Goldman J.J.
Published: January 2016

Ravennagrass,Saccharum ravennae(L.) L. [synonym:Erianthus ravennae(Linn.) P. Beauv.], is a robust perennial bunchgrass grown as an ornamental in the US, but, where adapted, has become naturalized in riparian areas. Little is known about the seed size distribution and germination characteristics of ravennagrass caryopses or intact spikelets. The objectives of this study were to determine, for two populations: (i) the caryopsis size distribution, (ii) the germination of sized caryopses, (iii) the length of seedling shoots and roots from caryopses of different sizes, (iv) the germination of unsized caryopses (UC) and intact spikelets (IS), and (v) the length of seedling shoots and roots from UC and IS. Although seed production of ravennagrass is relatively low, under favorable conditions, ravennagrass can produce more than 10,000 caryopses per panicle. Caryopses germinated well within 14 d and averaged >80% germination; however, caryopses germinated >90% if their mass was >0.3 mg. Intact spikelets were slower to germinate in 14 d and had a lower percentage of abnormally germinated seed compared with caryopses. Intact spikelets also had a significantly higher percentage of firm seeds compared with caryopses and the total potential germination of IS was greater than caryopses exceeding 90%. Understanding the germination characteristics of ravennagrass will aid in the development of seeding rates and the processing of seeds for agronomic uses.
Multienvironmental Evaluation of Dry Pea and Lentil Cultivars in Montana using the AMMI Model
Authors: Ito Dai , Afshar Reza Keshavarz , Chen Chengci , Miller Perry , Kephart Ken , McVay Kent , Lamb Peggy , Miller John , Bohannon Brooke , Knox Martha
Published: January 2016

Rapid development of the Montana pulse crop industry has created a strong demand for breeding efforts and cultivar recommendations. We evaluated adaptation and yield stability of diversely sourced dry pea (Pisum sativum L.) and lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) genotypes across Montana from 2009 to 2011. Mega‐environments in Montana and superior genotypes were identified using additive main effect and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) methodology. Grain yield of both crops varied among the locations and across years. A large portion of the total variation (genotype [G] and environment [E] plus their interaction G × E) was explained by E (93% for dry pea and 89% for lentil), while G only explained 0.7% and 3.6% of the total variation for dry pea and lentil, respectively. Dry pea cultivars Delta, Majoret, and Cruiser were found to be suitable, with general adaptation to Montana. Three mega‐environments were identified for pea including: (i) Richland (northeastern Montana); (ii) Bozeman, Conrad, and Corvallis (southwestern and western Montana); and (iii) Havre, Moccasin, and Huntley (northern, central, and southern Montana). Among lentil cultivars, CDC Richlea was judged as the most promising cultivar as a result of general adaptation. Lentil cultivars Essex and LC01602300R showed higher yield potential than CDC Richlea but more specific adaptation. Four mega‐environments were also distinguished for lentil including (i) Creston and Conrad (northwestern Montana), (ii) Havre and Richland (northern and northeastern Montana), (iii) Moccasin (central Montana), and (iv) Huntley (southern Montana).