bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hepatoprotective effect of Pinostrobin against Thioacetamide-induced liver cirrhosis in rats
Authors: Shareef Suhayla Hamad , Jabbar Ahmed Aj. , Al-Medhtiy Morteta H. , Aziz Peshawa Yunis , Abdulla Mahmood A.
Published: November 2022

Pinostrobin was used in traditional medication for management of numerous syndromes. In the current study, histology, immunohistochemistry, and hepatoprotection effects of Pinostrobin were assessed against thioacetamide (TAA) hepatotoxicity in rats. Thirty rats were arbitrarily separated into five groups. Group 1 was intraperitoneally (i.p) injected with distilled water 3 times/week and fed (po) daily with 10% Tween 20 for 2 months. Group 2-5 were i.p. injected with 200 mg/kg TAA thrice weekly for 8 weeks and fed with 10% Tween 20, 50 mg/kg silymarin, 30 and 60 mg/kg of Pinostrobin daily for 8 weeks, respectively.
Experimental groups fed groups showed that Pinostrobin significant reduction in liver index and hepatocyte proliferation with much lesser cell injury. These groups were significantly down-regulated the PCNA and α-SMA. The liver homogenate exhibited increased antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT) activities accompanied with decline in malondialdehyde (MDA) level. The serum level of bilirubin, total protein, albumin and liver enzymes (ALP, ALT, and AST) were restored to normal and were comparable to that normal control and silymarin with TAA treated groups.
The hepatotoxic group showed a signiﬁcant rise in serum liver biochemical markers together with a considerable decrease in protein and albumin level compared to the normal group. The hepatotoxic group displayed decreased catalase and superoxide dismutase activities while increased lipid peroxidation.
Pinostrobin decreased level of TNF-a, IL-6 and increased the level of IL-10. Acute toxicity with a higher dose of 500 mg/kg Pinostrobin did not manifest any toxicological signs in rats.
Macroscopy of hepatotoxic liver exhibited irregular, rough surface with micro and macro nodule. Histopathology stained by Hematoxylin and Eosin, and Masson Trichrome showed there was inflammation and infiltration of lymphocytes, focal necrosis, fibrosis, and bile duct propagation. Pinostrobin fed group had expressively reduced TAA toxicity in gross and histology as designated by fewer disturbances of hepatic tissue, slight fibrosis, and low-grade cells infiltration. Immunohistochemical staining designated that pinostrobin significantly down-regulated the expression of proliferation cellular nucleus antigen (PCNA) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in theliver. Thus, the findings of this study presented that the hepatoprotective effect of this plant may be due to a reduction in toxicity, inhibition of hepatocytes proliferation, down-regulation of PCNA and α-SMA, decreased enzyme markers, and increased protein and albumin increased endogenous enzymes and reduced lipid peroxidation level.
Deciphering the impact of Mutations in the RBD of the Omicron Variant (BA.2) with Medicinal compound to disrupt the RBD-hACE2 complex using computational approaches
Authors: Akter Shahina
Published: November 2022

Human health and the economy have been greatly affected by COVID-19 emergence, that originated from SARS-CoV-2. Just after the very first case of COVID-19 emerged, a number of variants have been reported with severe risk of reinfection and evading immunity. Overall, 30 mutations in the spike protein have been reported in SARS-CoV-2 (BA.2) variant in India and South Africa, while half among these 30 mutations are receptor-binding domain which have spread rapidly throughout the world. The modern world has been swaddled by this extremely contagious Omicron variant, while it is rapidly mutating that is alarming and need to be addressed. Due to antibodies-escaping activity, the micro molecule that can inhibit it, are required to be discovered. Therefore, we focused on the computational drug designing, including Pharmacophore based virtual Screening, MD simulation to identity the novel small molecular inhibitor that stop hACE2 to bind with Receptor Binding Domain (RBD). We screened three medicinal compound databases, North-East African, North African and East African We carried out a multi-step screening approach that identified three compounds, which are (10R)-3',4'-dihydro-1,4,8,3',8',9'-hexahydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-[10,7'-bianthracene]-9,1'(10H,2'H)-dione (C1), 6'-(4-hydroxy cinnamoyl) arbutin (C2), and Acacetin 7-glucoside (C3), that are effective for omicron RBD variant due its excellent antiviral capabilities. Then PAIN assay interference, computation bioactivity prediction, binding free energy and dissociation constant was used to validate the top hits, indicated the good anti-viral activity. To summarize, we aimed to identify and design novel medication therapies that could be utilized in combating with newly discovered omicron strain of SARS-CoV-2.
Modelling the impact of migration on mosquito population suppression
Authors: Huang Mugen , Yu Jianshe
Published: November 2022

The field trial of mosquito population suppression in Guangzhou showed that the migration of wild mosquitoes to the target area were resistant to elimination. In this work, we formulate a delay differential equation model to assess the impact of migration on the suppression efficiency, and identify that the migration of wild mosquitoes from surrounding area excludes the possibility of a complete population suppression. Our analysis identifies a lower bound of the suppressed population size, and a lower bound of the suppression rate γ∗, which reveals the possible maximum reduction of field mosquitoes in the peak season. For a given suppression rate target γ0 > γ∗, we identify the permitted maximum migration number D(γ0), above which is impossible to reduce the field mosquito density up to (1−γ0)×100% in peak season. To reduce more than 95% of Aedes albopictus population during its peak season in Guangzhou within six weeks, the required minimum release number climbs steeply as the migration number increasing near to D(0.05).
AMS subject classifications. 92B05, 37N25, 34D23, 92D30.
Both live and heat-killed Bifidobacterium animalis J-12 alleviated oral ulcer of LVG golden Syrian hamsters by intervening intestinal flora structure
Authors: Jin Junhua , Jing Nanqing , Liu Fudong , Wang Ran , Zhang Yan , Yang Jianjun , Hou Yubing , Zhang Hongxing , Xie Yuanhong , Liu Hui , Ge Shaoyang
Published: November 2022

Live and heat-killed Bifidobacterium has been proven to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. In this study, we evaluated the effects of live and heat-killed Bifidobacterium animalis J-12 (J-12) on oral ulceration of LVG golden Syrian hamsters after buccal membrane injection with methyl viologen dichloride. Results showed that interleukin-1β, glutathione and malondialdehyde in serum, downregulated by gavage of live and heat-killed J-12 bacteria. The J-12 live and heat-killed bacteria can reduce the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 by reducing the expression of nuclear factor kappa-B, thus reducing the expression of anti-inflammatory factors lipoxinA4 and prostaglandinE2. Reducing the expression of caspase-3 and adenosine diphosphate ribose polymerase resulted in a reduction of ulcer tissue DNA damage. In addition, regulating the structure of intestinal flora prevented the process of oral ulcer formation. This study shows that J-12 can reduce the risk of oral ulcer formation while also having a positive effect on inhibiting existing oral ulcer growth.
Morphological restructuring of smooth muscles elements of the wallgreat saphenous vein of a person on the lower leg during the development of varicose transformation
Authors: Sannikov A. B. , Shaydakov E. V.
Published: November 2022

Introduction. Further study of the structural restructuring of the wall of the great saphenous vein throughout a person’s life with the development of chronic venous diseases is an urgent task of phlebology.

The purpose of the study. Research of the morphological restructuring of smooth muscleselements of the human great saphenous vein wall on the calf in norm, ectasia and development of varicose transformation.

Materials and methods. The study of morphological restructuring of the great saphenous vein wall on the calf was carried out in 3 comparison groups by light microscopy. In 1th group, the structure of the GSV wall was studied on autopsy material of people who died from various causes at the age of 5 to 80 years. In the 2nd and 3rd groups, fragments of GSV in the calf were taken by biopsy during the execution of the operations for varicose veins. All patients underwent ultrasound mapping before surgery to determine the presence and degree of ectasia, varicose transformation and retrograde blood flow. For histological analysis in the groups, 140 GSV fragments were removed in 1-group, 165 BPV fragments in 2-group, and 250 GSV fragments in 3-group.

Results. The general morphological analysis of histological preparations made it possible to visually identify various variants of changes in smooth muscleselements inherent in the inner, middle and outer shells of the GSV wall. The selected variants of reconstruction of the smooth muscleselements were combined into 10 morphological types.

Conclusion. Age-related morphological changes in the smooth muscleselements in the GSV wall on the calf, over the course of a person’s life, do not have the same character as changes occurring in its wall during the development of its ectasia and varicose transformation.
Modal analysis of biocomposite materials beams reinforced by ‎Washingtonia Filifera natural fibers
Authors: Djamel Edinne Gaagaia , Ramdane Younes , Nouredine Ouelaa , Nadir Boutasseta
Published: November 2022

In this paper, a modal analysis is carried out on a novel composite material ‎reinforced ‎by ‎Washingtonia ‎Filifera palm fibers with a 20 % loading rate. The ‎experimental analysis by ‎the ‎‎”PULSE” vibrations acquisition ‎device was ‎carried out for a composite beam reinforced ‎by ‎the studied fiber. The ‎determination of natural ‎frequencies and modal damping is ‎of ‎great ‎importance for the survival of structures. The precise knowledge ‎of ‎these frequencies ‎allows ‎the elimination of the resonance phenomenon in ‎these structures. For this ‎purpose, ‎an ‎excitation pot equipped with an ‎impedance head is used, which allows the determination ‎of ‎the ‎transfer ‎function directly. Theoretical calculation of the six first vibrations ‎modes ‎is ‎carried out which are compared ‎with experimental results. ‎‎Dynamic studies ‎show ‎the possibility of using this biomaterial in ‎industrial real ‎operating conditions.‎
Return chines emigration from the USA: lessons for Russia
Authors: Sadovaya E. S.
Published: November 2022

The article analyzes the factors, driving forces, directions and socio-economic consequences of return migration from the United States to China. Author consider this process in the context of the global shifts taking place in the modern world. The author formulates theoretical and methodological approaches that make it possible to analyze modern migration through the prism of the geopolitical and socio-economic dynamics of the modern world. This contextual approach allows a deeper understanding of the reasons for the intensification of the process of returning Chinese highly qualified specialists from the United States to their homeland.

In terms when the current version of globalization has exhausted the possibilities for further development, the struggle for talents, qualified personnel capable of making a significant contribution to turning the country into a technological leader in emerging economic and technological zones, becomes an integral part of the battle for dominance in the new post-global world. Author explore the factors and consequences of modern migration processes for the United States and China, evaluate the steps taken by the Chinese leadership to return their compatriots employed in the high-tech sectors of the American economy to their homeland and their consequences for the United States. Author then conclude that it is necessary to study this experience in a comprehensive manner in order to apply it in Russia.
New Approaches in P2Y12 Receptor Blocker Drugs Use
Authors: Fakioğlu Dolunay Merve , Akaydin Sevgi
Published: November 2022

 Thienopyridine-derived clopidogrel, prasugrel, cyclopentyltriazole
pyrimidine-derived ticagrelor, and non-thienopyridine-derived ATP analogue cangrelor
block the P2Y12 component of ADP receptors on the platelet surface. This prevents
activation of the GPIIb/IIIa receptor complex, thereby reduces platelet aggregation.
The platelet activation pathway caused by ADP is blocked by P2Y12, and therefore,
these drugs have a crucial role in preventing ischemic complications in patients
undergoing acute coronary syndrome, including unstable angina, myocardial infarction,
and percutaneous coronary intervention. In addition, the use of P2Y12 inhibitors for
secondary prevention has also been focused on in clinical studies. The results of recent
studies show a lot of variances in terms of duration of use, dosage, and individualized
treatment management.
The main concern in the clinical use of P2Y12 is dual antiplatelet therapy (with aspirin
and a P2Y12 receptor blocker) following intracoronary stenting to prevent stent
thrombosis. However, there are also other multifactorial variables in terms of P2Y12
inhibitor use. In this chapter, current and precise medicines regarding P2Y12 inhibitor
use are evaluated, from gene testing to escalation and de-escalation strategies. Taking
all these into account, providing appropriate drugs selection considering treatment
time, onset time, duration of use, side effect profile, treatment limitations, and
evaluating and interpreting differences in clinical use based on randomized trials will
shed light on coronary heart disease treatment choice. 
Virtual exchange in Latin America: a profile of faculty and staff participants
Authors: King Ramírez Carmen
Published: November 2022

Latin American educational institutions report some of the lowest internationalization rates in the world (OECD, 2019). Historically, recognized barriers to internationalization have included programs based largely on student mobility as well as a lack of systematic implementation and funding (De Wit, Gacel-Ávila, & Knobel, 2017). In order to increase student and faculty access to international education experiences, Latin American universities are working to offer more inclusive, cost-effective methods of curricular diversification via Virtual Exchange (VE) (Lafont Castillo, Echeverría King, & Álvarez Ruíz, 2021). Given the limited publications currently available regarding VE in this region, this article seeks to establish a profile of Latin American faculty and staff who are presently engaged in VE initiatives as well as identify resources they need to ensure that VE programs are sustainable at their home institutions. The data presented in this article resulted from a mix-methods survey carried out among the Latin American Collaborative Online International Learning (LatAm COIL) network membership. These data provide important insights to the current trends and future possibilities for VE programs in this region.
Computer vision syndrome in teachers of a university of the province of Lima
Authors:   Facultad de Negocios, Universidad Tecnológica del Perú, Lima, Peru, Meneses-Claudio Brian , Mantarí-Escobar Katherine ,   Dirección de Redes Integradas de Salud (DIRIS), Lima, Peru, Rios-Rios Waldemar ,   Facultad de Negocios, Universidad Tecnológica del Perú, Lima, Peru, Huamani Enrique Lee ,   Image Processing Research Laboratory (INTI-Lab), Universidad de Ciencias y Humanidades, Lima, Peru, Yauri-Machaca Melissa ,   Research and Technology Direction, Business on Making Technologies, Lima, Peru
Published: November 2022

Virtual education has generated consequences at the visual level of people during the coronavirus pandemic since spending more time on the computer, it compromises the eye health of the person causing long-term visual problems, so its research objective is to determine the computer-related ophthalmic syndrome in teachers at a university of the province of Lima. It is a quantitative, non-experimental, descriptive, and cross-sectional study, with a total population of sixty-three teachers who answered a digital survey with socio-demographic data and the Computer Vision Syndrome Questionnaire (CVS-Q) instrument. In the results, we can observe the results of the computerized ophthalmic syndrome in teachers at a university in the province of Lima, where 51 (81%) of the teachers do not present computer vision syndrome, and 12 (19%) present computer vision syndrome. In conclusion, the population conducting virtual education should be educated as well as students about prevention measures for computer ophthalmic syndrome and its consequences.
Theoretical Approach and Scale Construction of Patient Privacy Protection Behavior of Doctors in Public Medical Institutions in China: Pilot Development Study
Authors: Xu Jie , Lu Lu , Xing Kaichen , Shi Huwei , Chen Ruiyao , Yao Yujun , Liu Sichen , Xiao Zhongzhou , Peng Xinwei , Luo Shuqing , Zhong Yun
Published: November 2022

Background

Considering the high incidence of medical privacy disclosure, it is of vital importance to study doctors’ privacy protection behavior and its influencing factors.

Objective

We aim to develop a scale for doctors’ protection of patients’ privacy in Chinese public medical institutions, following construction of a theoretical model framework through grounded theory, and subsequently to validate the scale to measure this protection behavior.

Methods

Combined with the theoretical paradigm of protection motivation theory (PMT) and semistructured interview data, the grounded theory research method, followed by the Delphi expert and group discussion methods, a theoretical framework and initial scale for doctors in Chinese public medical institutions to protect patients' privacy was formed. The adjusted scale was collected online using a WeChat electronic survey measured using a 5-point Likert scale. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (EFA and CFA) and tests to analyze reliability and validity were performed on the sample data. SPSS 19.0 and Amos 26.0 statistical analysis software were used for EFA and CFA of the sample data, respectively.

Results

According to the internal logic of PMT, we developed a novel theoretical framework of a “storyline,” which was a process from being unaware of patients' privacy to having privacy protection behavior, that affected doctors' cognitive intermediary and changed the development of doctors' awareness, finally affecting actual privacy protection behavior in Chinese public medical institutions. Ultimately, we created a scale to measure 18 variables in the theoretical model, comprising 63 measurement items, with a total of 208 doctors participating in the scaling survey, who were predominantly educated to the master’s degree level (n=151, 72.6%). The department distribution was relatively balanced. Prior to EFA, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) value was 0.702, indicating that the study was suitable for factor analysis. The minimum value of Cronbach α for each study variable was .754, which met the internal consistency requirements of the scale. The standard factor loading value of each potential measurement item in CFA had scores greater than 0.5, which signified that all the items in the scale could effectively converge to the corresponding potential variables.

Conclusions

The theoretical framework and scale to assess doctors' patient protection behavior in public medical institutions in China ﬁlls a significant gap in the literature and can be used to further the current knowledge of physicians’ thought processes and adoption decisions.
Using wearable technologies to explore the impact of built environment on emotion in real time: a systematic review (Preprint)
Authors: Guo Yingqi , Chen Huihang , Wang Yaqi , Liang Peichao , Lum Terry , Tsang Hector
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND

Majorities of studies explored the effect of residential built environment on psychological status, however rare studies have been conducted to reveal the real-time relationship between environment and psychological status (e.g., emotion) based on space-time approach and wearable technologies in daily life.

OBJECTIVE

This systematic review was conducted with the aim to explore to what extend currently we know the relationship between built environment and emotion in real time and what methodologies, methods, advanced technologies have been applied to explore this relationship.

METHODS

The PRISMA approach was used to guide this systematic review. The review found 286 papers based on abstract screening, of which 20 papers met the full-text selection criteria.

RESULTS

This review has identified various advanced technologies (i.e., global positioning system (GPS), smart phone application, electrodermal activity (EDA), electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalography (EEG)) used in previous real-time studies based on time-space approach to explore the built environment and emotion relationship.

CONCLUSIONS

The main findings and potential future directions were also discussed in the paper.
Seni, Sastra, dan Imajinasi untuk Pengembangan Emosi dalam Pandangan Martha Nussbaum
Authors: Damayanti Cicilia , Engliana Engliana
Published: November 2022

Kehidupan publik erat kaitannya dengan emosi yang dialami setiap orang dalam hidup bermasyarakat. Martha Nussbaum hadir dengan pandangannya tentang emosi yang berperan penting dalam kehidupan politik ekonomi. Melalui kajian pustaka yang membedah beberapa buku dan jurnal karya Nussbaum, tulisan ini hendak memaparkan tentang peran emosi dalam hidup politik untuk membentuk masyarakat demokratis. Bagi Nussbaum, imajinasi dibutuhkan untuk mengolah emosi yang melahirkan empati dan bela rasa. Imajinasi dalam pandangannya adalah kemampuan untuk membayangkan bagaimana rasanya berada dalam posisi orang lain. Kemampuan ini membantu setiap orang untuk dapat menghargai dan menghormati martabat kemanusiaan setiap orang. Saat setiap orang memiliki kemampuan ini, diharapkan tidak ada lagi orang yang akan mau serakah dan egois pada sesama maupun lingkungannya. Kehidupan politik yang stabil bisa terwujud bila kehidupan ekonomi yang adil sungguh-sungguh tercipta dalam masyarakat. Imajinasi membantu setiap orang untuk lebih peka dan peduli kepada sesama, saat mereka dapat membayangkan bila berada dalam posisi orang lain, terutama yang tidak seberuntung mereka. Emosi yang diolah dengan bantuan imajinasi mengembangkan dalam diri seseorang kemampuan untuk berempati dan berbela rasa kepada sesamanya, baik dalam lingkungan yang dekat maupun yang jauh. Masyarakat demokratis yang setara membantu untuk mewujudkan kehidupan politik yang stabil dan ekonomi yang adil.
Narrative Connectedness: A Chain for Understanding Others in The Philosophy of Eleonore Stump
Authors: Hayong Bernard Subang
Published: November 2022

This essay aims to explore Eleonore Stump’s insights on narrative as a means of knowing others and to defend narrative cognitivism. Central to this defense is an examination of the narrative analysis in mediating second-person experience as a tool to gain both self-understanding and understanding others. This study is a combination of the expository, the analytical, and the critical methods. It is expository because it aims to understand how Stump explores the variant variable in seeking the meaning and explanation of human interaction. It is analytical because it examines how second-person experience can be communicated in narrative. And it is critical because it introduces a methodological concept in dealing with her thoughts and demonstrates in which sense her approach is tenable or not. In developing this approach, I introduce the second-person perspective and the nature of knowledge that is acquired through narrative. I conclude with a discussion of the contribution of narrative connectedness to the understanding of the other as a person. This article will show that narrative connectedness is a significant form of reasoning, a medium for understanding, and an instrument for self-expression.
Rereading the Classics: Cognition and Practice of Goodness
Authors: Qunying Shen , Dan Mu
Published: November 2022

The issue of the good and the evil has always been the moral cultivation discussed by ancient-modern and Chinese-foreign scholars, whose works are the wisdom treasures and classics. In the 21st century with the emergence of various problems such as the environmental deterioration, global warming, regional conflicts, epidemics and other uncertainty, it is of immeasurable significance to rereading many works for the reflection and interpretation of goodness implication so that their excellent traditional culture on goodness can continue to nourish and enlighten today’s moral education, and awaken a moral consciousness to have habitual memory and cognition of goodness, to stick to good will and do good deeds to commit to improving people’s well-being. It’s more important for global people through interpretations in cultural inheritance to set up a universal concept and standard on goodness to standardize human thoughts and behavior, which are certain to contribute to solution to the above problems and the construction of social harmony and a community with a shared future for mankind.
Web of threats: Commissure of Power and politics inFamily Matters
Authors:   Department of English, University College of Engineering, Anna University, Nagercoil Campus, R. Latha Devi Dr.
Published: November 2022

Rohinton Mistry, a Parsi novelist represents his community through his writings. Apart from treating Parsi theme, he also highlights the historical incidents in hi snovels. His Family Matters is a novel with a difference. Traditional historians consider literature and history as two entirely different pots having different ideologies. While the New Historicists analyse the literary text with an eye to history and explore the interplay between text and historical context. The present paper attempts to read the novel Family Matters in a new historicist perspective. Keywords: Rohinton Mistry, Power and Politics, Family Matters,
Driver Drowsiness Detection Using Machine Learning
Authors: Rode Manoj , Bethi Anirudh , Baddam Santosh , Kondaveti Bala Laxmi Prasanna , Gadipally Tejaswini , Katroth Naresh
Published: November 2022

Abstract: Now-a-days many of the road accidents occurring because of driver drowsiness. It is one of the major causes of vehicle accidents. So, prevention of this fatigue related accidents an intelligent system is need to be developed. The main idea of this project is to develop a robust system that will detects the driver fatigue and alerts the driver and saves the lives. In this project, we present a scheme for drowsiness detection. In this model, driver is continuously monitored through webcam or camera. And we used OpenCV for extracting the driver face from continuous image frames of the camera. This model mainly focuses on the Region of interest (ROI) i.e., eyes as it is the important factor to detect drowsiness. We used an algorithm to track and analyze the blinking rate of the eyes. If the eyes are closed in more than two frames then model will detect as driver is drowsy and alerts the driver by playing alarm sound.
Study The Behaviour of Box Type Bridge with Different Height and Same Width for the IRC Loadings
Authors: Dubey Sarvesh , Tiwari Gaurav , Jha Abhay Kumar , Kumar Barun , Misra Rajesh
Published: November 2022

Abstract: Box type bridge designing process starts with the hydraulic calculation for a particular site of crossing. In this process catchment area along with its critical length of the river and fall in level is marked on the toposheet available in 1:50000 scale for a region. After getting the required data design discharge is calculated by using different methods given in IRC: SP: 13-2004 (Guidelines for the Design of Small Bridges and Culverts) and then finally span arrangement is decided for the required site of crossing. Once the span is decided then design of structure takes place. Box Type Bridge is a monolithic structure generally used when the safe bearing capacity of the soil is ascertained to be very less. Different structural member act as whole to resist the characteristic load for which it is designed.
Online Subjective Answer Verifying System Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Doke Prof. Priyadarshani , Gangane Priyanka , Babu Kesia S , Lagad Pratiksha , Vaidya Neha
Published: November 2022

Abstract: Every year educational institutes conduct various examinations, which include institu- tional and non-institutional competitive exams. Now a day’s online tests and examina- tions are becoming popular to reduce the burden of the examination evaluation process. The online exams include either objective or multiple-choice questions. Nevertheless, the exams include only objective or multiple-choice questions. However, subjective- based questions and answers are not involved due to the evaluation process complexity and efficiency of the evaluation process. An automatic answer checker application that checks the written answers and marks the weighted similar to a human being is more helpful in the current modern era is necessary. Hence, the software applications builtto check subjective answers may be more useful for allocating marks to the user after verifying the answers for online examination.
Acute Toxicity and Sublethal Effects of Lauryl Alcohol Ethoxylate on Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense Parameters in Benthic Oligochaete Worm, Tubifex Tubifex
Authors: Ghosh Shruti , Saha Nimai Chandra , Bhattacharya Ritwick , Medda Sharmistha , Pal Sarmila
Published: November 2022

Abstract: The present study aimed to assess the acute toxicity of Lauryl alcohol ethoxylate (LAE) and its sublethal effects on oxidative stress enzymes in Tubifex tubifex, a benthic oligochaete worm. The results indicated that the 96-hour median lethal concentration (LC50) of LAE is 0.77 mg/l for Tubifex tubifex. The model fit performance depicted that GUTS-SD model can better predict the survival rate of Tubifex tubifex. Sublethal concentrations of LAE (10% and 20% of the 96h LC50) significantly altered the oxidative stress enzymes. Reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) all displayed a significant initial increase followed by a subsequent decline, whereas catalase (CAT) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased significantly at all exposure periods with increasing concentrations of LAE. Moreover, the effects of LAE on Tubifex tubifex were demonstrated by the establishment of potency index, integrated biomarker response (IBR) and biomarker response index (BRI) assessment. These findings suggest that exposure of Tubifex tubifex to LAE influences the survival of Tubifex tubifex at the acute stage and modifies alterations in oxidative stress enzymes at the sublethal level.
A Case Report of a Patient with Parkinson’s Disease Treated with Acupuncture and Exercise Therapy
Authors: Park Miso , Park SangSoo , Lee Seung Hyun , Hur WangJung , Yoo Horyong
Published: November 2022

Objectives: Parkinson’s disease is characterized by progressive, irreversible damage to dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, as well as motor and non-motor symptoms. This disease currently has no dependable disease-modifying treatment. In this paper, we describe the treatment of a 67-year-old female with Parkinson’s disease using acupuncture and exercise therapy.Case Presentation: Clinical symptoms and the United Kingdom Parkinson’s Disease Society Brain Bank Diagnostic Criteria were used to diagnose the patient with Parkinson’s disease. Over a 12-week period, the patient visited a Korean medicine hospital 18 times and was treated with acupuncture and exercise therapy in addition to anti-Parkinson’s drugs. Before and after treatment, clinical examinations were performed using tools such as the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, Fall Efficacy Scale, Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire, Berg Balance Scale, and Non-Motor Symptoms Scale. Furthermore, functional near-infrared spectroscopy was used to assess cortical hemodynamics. All clinical examination results improved after 12 weeks of intervention. In particular, improvements on the Total Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale and Part III of this scale demonstrated large, clinically important differences.Conclusion: This case suggests that combining acupuncture and exercise therapy could produce an effective treatment for Parkinson’s disease patients.
A Case Study of a Dumping Syndrome Patient Treated with Gamchobunmil-tang
Authors: Choi Eunseok , Hur Nayeon , Kim Yeonju , Jeong Hyein , Hong Seungwon , Jang Insoo
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study is to explore the effectiveness of Gamchobunmil-tang as a treatment for early dumping syndrome. A patient reported abdominal pain after eating, was not able to eat more than two spoons of thin rice gruel, and had lost 8 kg of his weight. The patient was treated with Gamchobunmil-tang three times a day for 12 days. The effects of the treatment were evaluated using the Visual Analogue Scale and the amount and form of the patient’s intake. After treatment, the pain due to the dumping syndrome decreased. The Visual Analogue Scale score dropped significantly from 9 to 2, and increased amounts and novel forms of the food the patient consumed were observed. Despite the lack of a case, the results showed that Gamchobunmil-tang was effective in reducing the pain caused by the early dumping syndrome. Further research might prove that Gamchobunmil-tang could be an alternative treatment method for early dumping syndrome.
A Case Report of Peripheral Facial Nerve Palsy in a Patient with Spinal Stenosis Hospitalized at a Korean Medicine Hospital and Treated with Korean Medicine
Authors: Wang Yen-min , Park Jin-hun , Kim So-won , Kim Sang-yoon , Baek Gil-geun , Yun Sang-hun , Kang Man-ho , Park Sung-hwan , Lee Hyung-chul , Lee Jee-young
Published: November 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of using Korean medical treatment for peripheral facial nerve palsy.Methods: We primarily treated the patient’s peripheral facial nerve palsy during hospitalization (06/28/21~07/13/21) without any other steroids or antiviral drug treatments and additionally treated their spinal stenosis, using Korean medical treatments in both cases (herbal medicine, acupuncture, and herbal acupuncture therapy). The House-Brackmann grading system and Yanagihara’s unweighted grading system were used to assess facial symptom changes, and the Numerical Rating Scale was used to evaluate the back pain caused by the spinal stenosis.Results: Following treatment, the patient’s House-Brackmann and Numerical Rating Scale scores decreased, while their Yanagihara unweighted score improved.Conclusions: This study suggests that Korean medicine may be effective in the treatment of facial nerve palsy.
A Case Report of Chronic Gastritis in a Patient with Spinal Stenosis Hospitalized at a Korean Medicine Hospital and Treated with Korean Medicine
Authors: Kim So-won , Park Jin-hun , Wang Yen-Min , Kim Sang-yoon , Baek Gil-geun , Yun Sang-hun , Lee Hyung-chul , Kang Man-ho , Park Sung-hwan , Lee Jee-young
Published: November 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to report the efficacy of applying Korean medical treatment to chronic gastritis.Methods: We treated a chronic gastritis patient with Korean medical treatments (herbal medicines, acupuncture, and herbal acupuncture therapy). To evaluate the results of this treatment, we took measurements using the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale and Visual Analogue Scale for abdominal pain, heartburn, nausea, and abdominal distension. The patient’s generic health status was evaluated using the European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions Scale.Results: Improvements in gastrointestinal symptom ratings and the European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions Scale were observed after the treatments. Relief of symptoms was observed in abdominal pain, heartburn, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal distension using the Visual Analogue Scale.Conclusions: This study suggests that Korean medicine may be effective in the treatment of chronic gastritis.
A Case Report of COVID-19 Treated with Herbal Medicine
Authors: Park Eun-soo , Oh Seo-hye , Jeon Seong-hyun , Park Eun-young
Published: November 2022

Objectives: This study reports a case of COVID-19 in which the patient experienced improved clinical symptoms (fever, cough, anosmia, sore throat, pantalgia, and headache) after treatment with Korean medicine.Methods: A 47-year-old male patient diagnosed with COVID-19 was treated with herbal medicine (Mahwangbalpyotang-gagam) three times a day. His clinical course was assessed using changes in body temperature, the Numerical Rating Scale of clinical symptoms, and chest X-ray comparisons between pre-COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 conditions.Results: All the patient's clinical symptoms subsided in 11 days. After 15 days of treatment, his body temperature dropped to a normal range, and the quarantine was lifted. A chest X-ray showed there was no active lung lesion in either lung field after COVID-19.Conclusion: This study suggests that herbal medicine treatment may be an effective treatment for relieving COVID-19's clinical symptoms.
A Case Report on Functional Dyspepsia Treated with Korean Medicine in a Patient with Panic Disorder and Lower Back Pain
Authors: Kwon Minjin , Kim Tae-Ju , Lee Yu-jin , Kim Na Young , Kwon Oh bin , Kim Do Hoon , Jang Seon Woo
Published: November 2022

Objectives: This study reports on the efficacy of Korean medical treatments for a functional dyspepsia patient with panic disorder and lower back pain.Methods: A 51-year-old male patient with functional dyspepsia was treated with herbal medicines and acupuncture for 17 days. The treatment effect was evaluated by measurements drawn from the Numerical Rating Scale, range of motion, Oswestry Disability Index, European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions Scale, and Gastrointestinal Symptom Score.Results: Following the treatment, the patient showed a decrease on the Numerical Rating Scale and Oswestry Disability Index and in Gastrointestinal Symptom Score, as well as an improvement in range of motion and European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions score.Conclusions: Korean medical treatments appear to be effective in reducing functional dyspepsia. Further clinical research on patients with functional dyspepsia is needed.
Case Report of Menopausal Vasomotor Symptoms (Heat Flashes and Sleep Disorders) in a Middle-Aged Female Patient Treated with Korean Medicine
Authors: Park Jin-hun , Kim So-won , Kim Sang-yoon , Wang Yen-min , Baek Gil-geun , Yun Sang-hun , Kang Man-ho , Park Sung-hwan , Lee Hyung-chul , Lim Yong-ha
Published: November 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to report on the efficacy of Korean medical treatment for treating menopausal vasomotor symptoms (heat flashes and sleep disorders).Methods: We treated a menopausal female patient with heat flashes and sleep disorders using Korean medical treatments (herbal medicines, acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, moxibustion, and chuna). To evaluate the results of this treatment, we used Kupperman’s Index and the Numerical Rating Scale to measure heat flashes and total sleeping time, respectively. The patient’s general health status was evaluated using the European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions Scale.Results: We observed improvements in Kupperman’s Index, the Numerical Rating Scale, the patient’s total sleeping time, and the European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions Scale following the treatments.Conclusions: This study suggests that Korean medicine may be an effective treatment for menopausal vasomotor symptoms (heat flashes and sleep disorders).
A Case Report of a Patient with Multiple Cerebral Infarction Caused by Posterior Cerebral Artery Occlusion Treated with Yikgeebohyul-tang
Authors: Youn Hye-soo , Kwon Sun-woo , Park Choong-hyun , Seo Hae-ni , Son Jung-min , Lee Yeon-hoo , Lee Eun-chang , Jung Da-hae , Jo Hye-mi , Lee Jung-eun
Published: November 2022

Objectives: The aim of this study is to describe the effects of treatment with traditional Korean medicine on a patient with multiple cerebral infarction caused by posterior cerebral artery occlusion.Methods: The patient was treated with herbal medicine (Yikgeebohyul-tang) and acupuncture. The effects of these treatments were evaluated using the Manual Muscle Test, the Korean version of the Modified Barthel Index, the Modified Rankin scale, and a subjective percentage of sensation in the left lower extremity and face.Results: After treatment, the Modified Rankin Scale score, subjective percentage of sensation in the left lower extremity, and gait disturbance improved.Conclusion: The results suggest that traditional Korean medicine may be effective for treating the symptoms of multiple cerebral infarction caused by posterior cerebral artery occlusion.
A Case Report of Paljung-san Treatment of a Patient with a Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection
Authors: Lee Eun-chang , Youn Hye-soo , Son Jung-min , Kwon Sun-woo , Park Choong-hyun , Lee Ji-yoon , Jung Da-hae , Jo Hye-mi , Seo Hae-ni
Published: November 2022

Objective: The aim of this study is to describe the effects of Paljung-san on a patient with a catheter-associated urinary tract infection following a cerebral stroke.Methods: The patient was treated with herbal medicine (Paljung-san), and the effects of the treatment were evaluated using blood laboratory tests (C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and white blood cell count) and routine urine analysis.Results: After treatment, the patient’s level of infection, as determined by the blood laboratory test and urine analysis, also improved.Conclusion: The results suggest that herbal medicine (i.e., Paljung-san) may be effective for treating catheter-associated urinary tract infections.
To the Question of Egocentric Deixis: The Opening of Childhood Memoir
Authors: Bicjutko Tatjana
Published: November 2022

Fludernik’s (1996: 13) view of narrativity in terms of experientiality makes the centre of narrative consciousness a more essential characteristic of narrative than the presence of a plot. Significantly, this consciousness – or point of view – is generated through deixis, thus, deixis is central to both the embodiment of perception and narrative comprehension. Grounded in the deictic shift theory (presented in Duchan, Bruder and Hewitt (1995); and articulated most clearly in Stockwell (2002)), the research aims at finding marked patterns of deictic shifts pertaining to the openings of childhood memoir. The literary context of the given study is limited to the Irish subgenre, and the two memoirs for analysis are Frank McCourt’s Angela’s Ashes (1996), and Hugo Hamilton’s The Speckled People (2003). The application of the chosen methods to the opening segments reveals some regularities in the use of deictics, namely, a high frequency of first-person pronouns, such as chained I, my, and we as a textual indicator of intermentality, as well as pop-shifts from I to we and the obligatory shift to you. Other observed patterns include the voiding of the narrator and temporal shifts from the past to the present.
Moves in the Introduction Sections of Applied Linguistics Research Articles
Authors: Farneste Monta
Published: November 2022

Interest in the research article as a representative of a genre in different disciplines has resulted in many studies, which are essential for English for Academic Purposes. The present paper deals with move sequences in the Introduction sections of research articles in two journals in applied linguistics. The analysis of ten introductions from each journal is based on the Swales’s Create a Research Space model published in 1990. The results demonstrate that the writers use not only the M1-M2-M3 pattern, but also a variety of other move sequences in the Introduction section. It is observed that the headings of research articles may be misleading. The Introduction discussed in Swales’s IMRD model refers more to the Introductory part than the Introductory section. It is concluded that the Swales’s IMRD and CARS models may need elaboration to make them more applicable for teaching research article writing in applied linguistics.
Validity of Role Play in Sociocultural Competence Assessment in Year 12 Examination in Latvia
Authors: Kalnbērziņa Vita
Published: November 2022

The article examines different facets of the role play task, its application in the Year 12 English language examination and the statistical analysis of its results with the purpose to validate the use of role play for testing the sociocultural competence in Latvia. The research method of the role play here combines the features of external validation (construct validation) with internal validation (contents and response validation). The statistical findings suggest that the role-play task ensures a reliable and valid method of assessment of the student performance; it also provides a means for reliable assessment of a large proportion of the curriculum, as the skills tested by role play differ from the skills tested by other examination tasks. The findings of the curricular validation suggest that removing role-play from the examination would undermine the curricular validity of the Year 12 examination. The contents analysis of the task suggests that the difference in the student performance level in Speaking is created by the impact of the assessment of the sociocultural competence as defined by Celce Murcia, Dörnyei, and Thurrell (1995).
Use of English in the Scientific Community in France: Obstacles and Stakes
Authors: Chaplier Claire
Published: November 2022

English as a lingua franca (ELF) has emerged as a way of referring to communication in English between speakers with different first languages. That is the reason why ELF is the language used in science. Yet language is not limited to communication; it is also tied to the creation of concepts. As English is developed and transformed by its non-native users into an international scien­ti­fic communication language, there is a risk of developing an impoverished form of English. The use of English as a lingua franca, devoid of culture, and used in scientific discourse may affect the transmission and the production of scien­ti­fic knowledge. We can wonder about the consequences of the development of English in the scientific academic community and scientific teaching and learning contexts as all French university curricula have integrated English. Thus, this paper examines the different representations of science and the English language used in science. In conclusion, we propose the development of research in English for science, teacher training, teaching English for science and science in English (Content and Language Integrated Learning; henceforth CLIL) to students in the language teaching sector for non-linguists (LANSAD in French).
‘Scholars These Days Are Like the Errant Knights of Old’: Arthurian Allusions in David Lodge’s "Small World"
Authors: Ropa Anastasija
Published: November 2022

David Lodge’s novel Small World (1984) builds on a wide range of literary allusions, most notably on allusions to medieval and modern versions of the Grail quest and Arthurian literature. Using the methodology of historically informed literary criticism, the present paper showcases Lodge’s employment of key medieval topoi, especially of the Grail quest, in portraying the academic community of Small World.