bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supporting Continued Academic Success, Resilience, and Agency of Boys in
Urban Catholic Alternative Middle Schools
Authors: Fenzel L. Mickey , Richardson Kathy
Published: December 2019

The persistent inequalities in urban public education in the U. S. that
have left far too many Black and Hispanic male students behind with respect
to academic skill development, high school graduation, and college success
have led Catholic groups to provide alternative secondary school models to
advance the academic and career success of urban students. One of these
initiatives is the NativityMiguel model school, the first of which opened in
New York City in 1971. The present study examines the lived experience, with
respect to benefits of this education on the subsequent academic and career
successes, of male graduates of two of these schools, one for African
American, or Black, students and one for Mexican American students in
different parts of the country. Analyses of interviews with 37 graduates
showed that they benefitted from the schools’ approach to academic skill
development and the building of resilience, leadership, and a commitment to
service in the context of a community that continued to support the
development of resilience after middle school graduation. Differences in
aspects of the two programs are examined along with the implications for
making use of the schools’ initiatives on a larger scale.
More Schools, Larger Schools, or Both? Patterns of Enrollment Growth in
K12 Catholic Schools Globally
Authors: Wodon Quentin
Published: December 2019

After the governments of China and India, the Catholic Church is
probably the third largest provider of K12 education in the world. How has
growth in enrollment in K12 Catholic schools varied across countries over
the last two decades? Which countries have accounted for most of the growth
at the regional and global level? What has been the role of the number of
schools and the size of schools in enrollment growth, or in the decline
observed in some countries? Given trends towards higher enrollment in the
developing world due to population growth and higher educational attainment,
has enrollment growth in Catholic schools enabled them to maintain their
market share over time? Finally, what do the data suggest for some of the
constraints and strategic choices faced by Catholic schools in various
countries? The objective of this paper is to answer these questions with a
focus on trends in Catholic school enrollment and market shares across
countries from 1995 to 2016.
Cybersex use and problematic cybersex use among young Swiss men: Associations with sociodemographic, sexual, and psychological factors
Authors: Studer Joseph , Marmet Simon , Wicki Matthias , Gmel Gerhard
Published: December 2019

Background and aims

Cybersex use (CU) is highly prevalent in Switzerland’s population, particularly among young men. CU may have negative consequences if it gets out of control. This study estimated prevalence of CU, frequency of CU (FCU), and problematic CU (PCU) and their correlates.

Methods

A non-selective sample of young Swiss men (N = 5,332, mean age = 25.45) completed a questionnaire assessing FCU and PCU, sociodemographics (age, linguistic region, and education), sexuality (being in a relationship, number of sexual partners, and sexual orientation), dysfunctional coping (denial, self-distraction, behavioral disengagement, and self-blame), and personality traits (aggression/hostility, sociability, anxiety/neuroticism, and sensation seeking). Associations were tested using hurdle and negative binomial regression models.

Results

At least monthly CU was reported by 78.6% of participants. CU was associated positively with post-secondary schooling (vs. primary schooling), German-speaking (vs. French-speaking), homosexuality, bisexuality (vs. heterosexuality), more than one sexual partner (vs. one), dysfunctional coping (except denial), and all personality traits except sociability, but negatively with being in a relationship (vs. not), age, and sociability. FCU was associated positively with homosexuality, bisexuality, no or more than one sexual partner, dysfunctional coping (except denial), and all personality traits except sociability, but negatively with age, being in a relationship, and sociability. PCU was associated positively with bisexuality, four or more sexual partners, dysfunctional coping, and all personality traits except sociability, but negatively with German-speaking and sociability.

Discussion and conclusions

CU should be viewed in light of its associations with sociodemographic, sexual, and psychological factors. Healthcare professionals should consider these aspects to adapt their interventions to patients’ needs.
SAFRING Ringing Report for 2017
Authors: Paijmans Dane Matthew , Rose Sanjo , Oschadleus H. Dieter , Thomson Robert L
Published: December 2019

Following on from the 2016 SAFRING ringing summary, the SAFRING database has grown to 2,677,367 ringing records (initial, retrap, resightings and recoveries). This number is increased to 2,698,821 records when foreign scheme records stored in the database are included.
Body Asymmetry v1
Authors: Zogmaister Cristina , Durante Federica , Mari Silvia , Crippa Franca , Volpato Chiara
Published: December 2019

This protocol describes a measure of asymmetry of images of body shapes. Two judges have separately measured the asymmetry of our set of photographs portraying men and women. The inter-rater reliability for ABPI was excellent, r = .94 (α = .97).
Next of Kin Participation in Care v1
Authors: Westergren Albert
Published: December 2019

Excel database. Next of Kin Participation In care. Sex (female = 0; male = 1) Age (64 years or younger = 0; 65 years or older =1) Response to items (disagree (1), somewhat disagree (2), neither agree nor disagree (3), somewhat agree (4), and strongly agree (5)) Excel, raw score to location to metric (score tranformed to interval scores of the same ragne as the original scale)
Dissection and immunohistochemistry of mouse vagal ganglia v2
Authors: Taylor-Clark Thomas , Kim Seol-Hee
Published: December 2019

Mice are euthanized, perfused with fixative and the vagal ganglia extracted. Vagal ganglia are then cyosectioned. Slices are stained for protein expression using immunohistochemistry. Expression of specific proteins and reporter proteins isarevisualized using microscopy.
Dissection and immunohistochemistry of mouse vagal ganglia v3
Authors: Taylor-Clark Thomas , Kim Seol-Hee
Published: December 2019

Mice are euthanized, perfused with fixative and the vagal ganglia extracted. Vagal ganglia are then cyosectioned. Slices are stained for protein expression using immunohistochemistry. Expression of specific proteins and reporter proteins isarevisualized using microscopy.
Long-term results of surgical brain revascularization in patients with chronic cerebral insufficiency
Authors: Kudryashova T. A. , Tokarev A. S. , Lukyanchikov V. A. , Polunina N. A. , Senko I. V. , Dalibaldyan V. A. , Guseynova G. K. , Kudryashova N. E. , Muslimov R. Sh.
Published: December 2019

The study objective is to evaluate long-term effectiveness of extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass in patients with symptomatic occlusion of the internal carotid artery (ICA).

Materials and methods. From 2013 to 2015, 129 patients (aged 41 to 78, average age – 60 years) were applied EC-IC bypass on the side of ICA symptomatic occlusion at the Department of Neurosurgery of N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine. We revealed right ICA occlusion in 54 patients, left ICA occlusion – in 67, bilateral occlusion – in 8. Symptomatic ICA occlusion was 5 times more often in men. We assessed neurological status in 1, 2, and 3 years using modified Rankin Scale, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, and Rivermead Mobility Index. Computed tomography (CT) angiography of extracranial and intracranial arteries, ultrasound of the anastomosis zone, single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) were performed.

Results. In the early postoperative period, according to CT angiography and ultrasound, the anastomosis functioned in 125 (97 %) patients; improvement of regional cerebral perfusion according to SPECT was observed in all examined patients (n = 62). We examined 31 patients in the remote postoperative period. According to CT angiography and ultrasound, anastomosis functioned in 30 (97 %) patients, 30 (97 %) patients demonstrated positive dynamics of neurological status and brain perfusion. There were no repeated ischemic-type cerebral circulatory disorders and repeated transient ischemic attacks in the long-term postoperative period.

Conclusion. Positive dynamics after EC-IC bypass was revealed both in early and in distant periods (within 1–3 years). During the surgery, it is necessary to take into account cases of ischemic strokes or transient ischemic attack, ICA occlusion according to CT angiography, a decrease in cerebrovascular reserve (<10 %) according to brain SPECT when tested with acetazolamide. To prevent complications, EC-IC bypass should not be used in patients with severe neurological impairments and concomitant pathology. Properly selected patients and postoperative drug therapy helps prevent repeated ischemic cerebral circulatory disorders.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Informed consent. All patients gave written informed consent to participate in the study.
Cases of vision loss after bifrontal access
Authors: Varfolomeev D. I. , Dubovoy A. V. , Sosnov A. O. , Nakhabin O. Yu. , Istomina T. K.
Published: December 2019

The objective is to present 2 clinical cases of complete vision loss after bifrontal access during craniotomy due to vascular brain pathology.

Materials and methods. In one case, a bifrontal skin incision was used during subfrontal craniotomy to remove frontal lobe arteriovenous malformation, in the other one – to apply intracranial side-to-side anastomosis between A3 segments of both anterior cerebral arteries, and to clip proximal aneurysms of the anterior connecting artery and the anterior cerebral artery on the right. After the surgery, patients developed bilateral amaurosis and ophthalmoplegia. We analyzed data on patients’ general clinical condition and their ophthalmological status prior to the surgery, as well as surgical videos and anesthesia records.

Results. Intraoperative iatrogenic damage of cranial nerves and arteries was excluded. We distinguished that a suspected intraoperative factor, playing a decisive role, was a piece of skin applying direct pressure on the eyeballs. It was removed during the surgery.

Conclusion. To prevent the development of such a complication as vision loss, it is necessary to carefully evaluate all possible risks at preoperative and intraoperative stages. During the surgery, all organs and systems at risk should be monitored. It is important to prevent a sudden drop in blood pressure and massive blood loss. During craniotomy, any eyeballs compression must be avoided.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Informed consent. All patients gave written informed consent to publication of their data.
The Intelligent Space Modeled as a Cyber-Physical System
Authors: Szász Csaba
Published: December 2019

According to a general rule definition, the intelligent space (iSpace) is defined as a location (or space) provided with electronic sensor networks that enable the considered environment with intelligent behaviors. As a result, the considered space will be able to perceive stimulus around them and to understand events that happen its near surrounding. Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) are building blocks in Industry 4.0 that links digital technology and the physical environment in an industrial context. They combine intelligent physical objects and systems on a high level of functions integration. This paper emphasizes the main idea that intelligent spaces may be also modeled as complex cyber-physical systems, as well. This approach has been developed by discussing the theoretical basis of both the iSpaces and CPSs, respectively unfolding a short comparison between their basic behaviors. As a concrete example, the CPS model of a given iSpace framework is presented and discussed widely in the paper. This model has been experimented by using a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) processor-based ready-to-use development systems and software technologies that handles reconfigurable hardware technology. The implementation proves that the developed CPS model is well feasible and expresses in all the main behaviors and functions of iSpaces. It is also mentioned that the actual stage of the technological development terms and scientific areas related to iSpaces and CPSs overlaps. In fact, this is not surprising at all by considering nowadays evidence that iSpaces are widely present and shared components in modern manufactory processes that are an inherent part of Industry 4.0 vision and reality.
Comparison of Indonesian Imports Forecasting by Limited Period Using SARIMA Method
Authors: Rosyid Harits Ar , Aniendya Mutyara Whening , Herwanto Heru Wahyu , Shi Peizhi
Published: December 2019

The development of Indonesia's imports fluctuate over years. Inability to anticipate such rapid changes can cause economic slump due to inappropriate policy. For instance, recent years imports in rice led to the extermination of rice reserves. The reason is to maintain the market price of rice in Indonesia. To overcome these changes, forecasting the amount of imports should assist the Government in determining the optimum policy. This can be done by utilizing an algorithm to forecast time series data, in this case the amount of imports in the next few months with a high degree of accuracy. This study uses data obtained from the official website of the Indonesian Ministry of Trade. Then, Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) method is applied to forecast the imports. This method is suitable for the interconnected dependent variables, as well as in forecasting seasonal data patterns. The results of the experiment showed that 6-period forecast is the most accurate results compared to forecasting by 16 and 24 periods. The research resulted in the best model, that is ARIMA (0, 1, 3)(0, 1, 1)12 produces forecasting with a MAPE value of 7.210 % or an accuracy rate of 92.790 %. By applying this imports forecast model, the government can have a forward strategic plans such as selectively imports products and carefully decide the amount of the incoming products to Indonesia. Hence, it could maintain or improve the economic condition where local businesses can grow confidently.
Comparison of various pressure methods along with aspiration in treatment of auricular seroma
Authors: Modi Niral R. , Tota Sanjay M.
Published: December 2019

Background: Auricular seroma or pseudocyst is soft cystic swelling on the pinna due to collection of intra cartilaginous fluid. The successful management of auricular seroma by aspiration and pressure remains a challenge as this disease has high recurrence rate.

Methods: A total 28 patients with auricular seroma were treated by aspiration and different methods of pressure modalities as corrugated rubber splint, button, mastoid dressing and plaster of paris and their results were compared in this study.

Results: No any recurrence of seroma and any complication occur after rubber splint pressure application. Post procedure complain like fever, pain, oedema, perichondritis and recurrence are more present in button, mastoid dressing and plaster of Paris pressure application.

Conclusions: Aspiration and pressure application with rubber splint provides very simple, minimally invasive and effective management of auricular seroma. It is cost effective give uniform pressure and less traumatic to skin. Pressure with rubber splint method has low recurrence rate and as there is no need of mastoid bandage so less social embracement. 
Role of parental socio-educational factors on prevalence of paediatric otological disorders
Authors: Philip Jeeva Thankom , Renjit Rejee Ebenezer
Published: December 2019

Background: Parental socioeconomic status, often designated by education and occupation is likely to have significant implications in children’s otological health. Hence the present school screening study was formulated in an attempt to establish the role of these factors on the prevalence of various ear diseases and related hearing impairment in children.

Methods: A total of 346 lower primary school children, in the age group of 5-10 years were included in this cross sectional study. Details pertaining to the socioeconomic background of children were collected by questionnaire method. All children were initially evaluated by otoscopy and tuning fork testing and those having equivocal or abnormal tuning fork test results were subjected to pure tone audiometry and tympanometry.  

Results: There was significantly higher prevalence of hearing impairment among children of mothers with lower maternal educational status (13.2% versus 6.3%, (p=0.04, Odds ratio (95% CI) 2.27 (1.004-5.13)). Normal ear findings were noticed significantly higher among children with higher paternal (62.3% versus 47.7%) and maternal (59.1% versus 45.7%) educational status.

Conclusions: Favourable parental socio-educational factors, especially maternal education have a significant positive impact on children’s otological health.

 
Transmedial Worlds with Social Impact: Exploring Intergenerational Learning in Collaborative Video Game Design
Authors: Mansilla Juan C. , Mejía Betancur Liliana , Queiroz Lambach Claudia
Published: December 2019

This article’s focus is the creation of intergenerational game design experiences supported by phygital video games (i.e., games that feature both digital and physical elements) for children 8–12 years of age and elders 65 years and over living in Paris and Bagnolet, France. The purpose of the article is twofold: first, to give an account of our protocol activity to highlight the implementation difficulties associated with this kind of intergenerational gameplay, and second, to inspire researchers, educators, and caregivers to include innovative uses of transmedia world building and collaborative game design as tools to connect different generations and foster community participation in intergenerational programs.
Uniting Generations: Intergenerational and Universal-themed Picturebook Recommendations
Authors: Scheffel Tara-Lynn , McKee Lori
Published: December 2019

This article offers picturebook recommendations for early childhood educators to use with young children across contexts (e.g., early childhoodclassrooms, intergenerational settings) as a starting point to support intergenerational programming.
Efficient soluble expression and purification of influenza A and B nucleoproteins in E. coli
Authors: Yolshin Nikita D. , Shaldzhyan Aram A. , Klotchenko Sergey A.
Published: December 2019

Viral nucleoprotein (NP) is an abundant essential protein of an influenza virus that has important functional and structural roles. It participates in genomic organization, nuclear trafficking, RNA transcription, and genome replication. From the research point of view, NP is an important protein that is used in the development of new diagnostic methods and vaccination protocols. NP is a promising target for antiviral chemotherapeutic drugs as well. Successful expression of codon-optimized NP genes in E. coli has been reported. In this study, we demonstrated the efficient expression and purification of soluble NPs of influenza A and B viruses in E. coli without the codon-optimization of DNA sequences. This procedure preserves the co-translational protein folding, protein configuration and function. Obtained NPs of influenza A and B viruses were monomers and reacted well with mouse specific antibodies according to Western blot analysis. Our results show that both influenza A and influenza B virus NPs can be efficiently expressed in E. coli without codon-optimization.
Analysis of the factors influencing access to mortgage finance in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Olawumi Solomon O. , Adewusi Amos A. , Oyetunji Abiodun K.
Published: December 2019

Finance is the bedrock of real estate development. Its availability and accessibility are important for a successful investment. In most cases, investors donâ€™t have substantial finance to execute a project; instead, they resort to an external source through mortgage financing. However, there are difficulties in accessing mortgage finance particularly due to borrowerâ€™s default, thereby hindering finance accessibility. This study investigates factors determining mortgage finance accessibility for providing real estate projects in Lagos State, Nigeria. The target populations are the Primary Mortgage Institutions and Real Estate Developers in Lagos State. The collected data were analysed using factor analysis and Mann-Whitney U test. The study revealed that income, nature of the occupation, type of collateral, years of the banking relationship, loan duration and loan sector are the major determinants of access to mortgage finance. These factors must be succinctly considered to ensure ease of access, adequate provision and utilisation for real estate development.

Keywords: Collateral, determinants, finance, investors, mortgage.
Regional corruption variability in the European countries
Authors: Linhartova Veronika
Published: December 2019

Quantification of the corruption rate in smaller sub-national areas is still a significantly unexplored area. Sub-national resolution of corruption rate could bring an entirely new dimension to the theory of causes and consequences of regional disparities. There are numerous reasons why to focus on this issue. Perhaps the strongest one is that if corruption negatively affects the economic performance, as many studies claim, the elimination of corruption in certain regions may be the key for the elimination of regional economic disparities and thus increase the economic performance of the state. Analysis of regional corruption may also lead to the creation of regional anti-corruption provisions that can bring a reduction of corruption rate at the national level. This context is formulated the main goal of this article. A new corruption quantification method reflecting inter-regional differences in the level of corruption in the European countries is designed. Using this method, it is possible to draw a comparison of individual NUTS II regions and identify those which are more affected by corruption than the others. A high level of corruption variability was confirmed for NUTS II regions, especially in Italy. Because of this variability, it could be very deceptive to evaluate the country as a whole from the corruption level viewpoint.

Keywords: Corruption, world bank, European union, economic performance, regional disparities, control of corruption.
Internal control and management guidance of power industry in Ghana? Revenue mobilisation perspectives
Authors: Arhin Solomon
Published: December 2019

The current problem in the power industry in Ghana is worrying to every citizen of Ghana and brings into mind whether there is no effective control system to properly manage the services. The main motive for this research was to examine the impact of internal controls on revenue mobilisation at the power industry of Ghana. The selection of power industry is due to the fact that even though it is the sole and main power distributing company in Ghana, it has encountered a lot of financial problems in the recent times leading to poor provision of services, especially what is called 'Dumsor' in Ghanaian Language or unannounced power outage. The population for the study is the whole workers in the power industry in Ghana. The study used a purposive sampling technique to select the Kumasi main office which has 50 key employees as the sample for the study. A well-tailored questionnaire was used to gather primary data from the respondents. Descriptive statistics, reliability statistics and test of significant-(t-statistics) were performed through IBM SPSS to come out with the findings. The findings indicate that all the variables assessed were statistically significant, a Cronbach's alpha of 0.943 indicated that there is an excellent and equally effective avenue as internal control measures which the power industry can rely on. It is recommended that management, policy makers and future researchers should develop clear policy, new theories and models on how to regulate the industry to the benefit of all Ghanaians and the neighbouring Africa countries.
Keywords: Revenue mobilisation, internal control, management guidance, theories, dumsor.
A Review of Methodological Approaches for Developing Diagnostic Algorithms for Diabetes Screening
Authors: Muchira James M. , Gona Philimon N. , Leveille Suzanne , Hayman Laura L.
Published: December 2019

Background and Purpose

Diagnostic algorithms are invaluable tools for screening diabetes. This review aimed to evaluate and identify the most robust methodological approaches for developing diagnostic algorithms for screening diabetes.

Methods

Following a literature search, methodological quality of algorithm development studies was evaluated using the TRIPOD guidelines (Collins, Reitsma, Altman, & Moons, 2015).

Results

Methods used for developing the algorithms included logistic regression models, classification and regression trees, Random Forest and TreeNet, Artificial Neural Networks, and Naïve Bayes. Methodological issues for algorithm development studies were related to handling of missing values, reporting recruitment methods, categorization of continuous variables, and statistical controls.

Conclusions

Most studies exhibited critical methodological flaws and poor adherence to reporting standards. Diabetes screening algorithms can easily be availed electronically and utilized by nurses at minimal cost even in underserved areas.
Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Reliability of the French–Canadian Version of the European Heart Failure Self-Care Behaviour Scale-9
Authors: Boisvert Sophie , Francoeur Julie , Gallani Maria Cecilia
Published: December 2019

Background and Purpose

The purposes of this methodological study were to adapt the European Heart Failure Self-care Behaviour Scale-9 to the French–Canadian population and to evaluate its reliability.

Methods

The adaptation process consisted of translation, back-translation, evaluation by an expert committee, and pretesting. Reliability was evaluated with stability criteria (test–retest) and internal consistency.

Results

Pretesting led to testing of two response formats: 5-point Likert scale and the frequency scale. Both demonstrated good levels of agreement between the test–retest, although the values were higher with the frequency format. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranged from 0.71 to 0.78 (Likert scale) and 0.70 to 0.83 (frequency scale).

Conclusion

The French–Canadian version of the EHFScB-9, in both formats, demonstrated good evidence of reliability.
Psychometric Testing of the Persian Version of the Revised Humane Caring Scale for Patients Admitted to Critical Care Units
Authors: Jafari Pour Fatemeh , Goudarzi Fateme , Hasanvand Shirin , Ebrahimzadeh Farzad , Kvist Tarja
Published: December 2019

Background and Purpose

To determine the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Revised Humane Caring Scale (RHCS) for patients admitted to critical care units.

Methods

Data were collected from 337 patients admitted to critical care units. A methodological study was carried out to assess content, face and construct validity and reliability.

Results

The results revealed good content validity. After the elimination of four items in the confirmatory factor analysis, a 42-item model with acceptable fit indices was confirmed. The scale had a high internal consistency. The reliability of each item was satisfactory using the intra-class correlation. Only item 33 was considered unstable and was ultimately eliminated.

Conclusions

The Persian version of the 41-item RHCS is an acceptable assessment scale for measuring patient satisfaction with humane caring in critical care units.
Psychometric Properties of the Chinese Version of the Evidence-Based Practice Questionnaire for Nurses
Authors: Yang Rumei , Guo Jia-Wen , Beck Susan L. , Jiang Fen , Tang Siyuan
Published: December 2019

Background and Purpose

The Evidence-Based Practice Questionnaire (EBPQ-English) has been used in various populations. However, it has not been validated in the Chinese nursing population. This study aimed to translate EBPQ-English into Chinese and evaluate its psychometric properties.

Methods

The Brislin translation procedure was used to maintain the conceptual equivalence. The validity and reliability of EBPQ-Chinese were investigated using exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach's α with 810 nurses from nine tertiary hospitals in Southern China.

Results

Principle axis factoring and oblimin rotation yielded three factors with 22 items, including Knowledge and Skills (k = 14; α = 0.94), Attitudes (k = 3; α = 0.83), and Practice (k = 5; α = 0.86), which explained 57.03% of the total variance.

Conclusions

Evidence supports the validity and reliability of a three-factor 22-item EBPQ-Chinese.
The Use of the Barriers to Baccalaureate Nursing Education Instrument Among ADN Students: Purpose, Reliability, and Validity
Authors: Sabio Cristan
Published: December 2019

Background and Purpose

Challenges abound as to the goal of “80% BSN by 2020.” This study reports the use and the psychometric properties of the Barriers to Baccalaureate Nursing Education instrument among associate degree nursing students.

Methods

Analyses included content validity, component analysis with oblique rotation, and hypothesis testing.

Results

Four factors with total variance explained of 61.24% emerged: Dispositional, Situational, and two Institutional barriers. Reliability coefficients ranged .62–.88. Group differences in subscale scores based on educational level, number of dependents, hours worked, and age were found along with correlations.

Conclusions

The instrument demonstrated adequate validity and reliability. A structural framework toward understanding the barriers to baccalaureate education among students and nurses is provided. Future studies should include psychometric testing for further refinement, validity, and reliability.
An Arabic Translation, Reliability, Validity, and Feasibility of the Richards–Campbell Sleep Questionnaire for Sleep Quality Assessment in ICU: Prospective-Repeated Assessments
Authors: Al-Sulami Ghaida S. , Rice Ann Marie , Kidd Lisa , O'Neill Anna , Richards Kathy C. , McPeake Joanne
Published: December 2019

Background and Purpose

To translate Richards–Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RCSQ) into the Arabic language (RCSQ-A), to assess content validity of the translated tool, to analyze the internal consistency, and to evaluate its feasibility.

Methods

A rigorous translation was completed using the process of translation by World Health Organization. Cognitive debriefing interviews were performed. Repeated assessments using RCSQ-A was conducted in critical care patients in Saudi Arabia.

Result

Cronbach's alpha of .89 was seen in the RCSQ-A. The cognitive interviews showed that the RCSQ-A well understood and interpreted correctly and consistently. Fifty-seven participants reported their sleep using RCSQ-A a total of 110 times.

Conclusion

RCSQ-A has adequate translation validity, provided good internal consistency and content validity, making it suitable for use as a measurement tool in practice and research in Arabic-speaking countries.
Establishing Predictive Criterion Validity of the Parkinson's Disease Caregiver Strain Risk Screen-10
Authors: Abendroth Maryann
Published: December 2019

Background and Purpose

Studies reveal that caring for persons with Parkinson's disease affects informal caregivers psychologically and physically, yielding negative impacts on caregiving abilities. The purpose was to establish predictive criterion validity of the Caregiver Strain Risk Screen-10 (CSRS-10), a tool designed to monitor risk for strain in informal caregivers of persons with Parkinson's disease.

Methods

Caregivers (N = 137) of persons with Parkinson's disease completed surveys that included CSRS-10 and Pennebaker Inventory of Limbic Languidness, to measure strain risk and frequency of physical health symptoms, respectively.

Results

Hierarchical regression indicated that higher CSRS-10 scores were predictive of greater frequency of physical health symptoms in caregivers.

Conclusions

The study established predictive criterion validity of CSRS-10, further demonstrating it as an effective evidence-based tool for assessing risk for strain in this informal caregiver population.
NASTAVNICI KAO STRUČNЈACI ZA UČENЈE- IZMEĐU NASTAVNE FILOZOFIJE I REFLEKSIVNE PRAKSE
Authors: Beara Mirjana , Popović Daliborka , Jerković Ivan
Published: December 2019

Cilj rada je da se kritički prikažu raniji i savremeni pristupi proučavanja osobina, ličnosti i kompetencija nastavnika, kao i aktuelni koncepti važni sa profesionalni razvoj nastavnika i kvalitet nastave: nastavna filozofija i refleksivna praksa. U savremenom obrazovanju, od nastavnika se  očekuje da bude „stručnjak za učenje“ umesto prenosioca propisanih sadržaja, osnovni nosilac  razvoja savremenog kurikuluma, koji se umesto na sadržaje fokusira na ishode, standarde, predmetne i međupredmetne kompetencije koje učenici treba da steknu i razviju tokom svog obrazovanja na svim nivoima. Da bi u tome uspeo, potrebno je da nastavnik (p)ostane samoregulisani, refleksivni praktičar, što ga čini stručnjakom za svoje i za učenje učenika. U tome ga vodi sistem uverenja, vrednosti i stavova o tome šta čini dobru nastavu, koju možemo nazvati „nastavnom filozofijom“ i koju nastavnik treba da osvesti. U radu se prikazuje jedan od načina za definisanje sopstvene nastavne filozofije, koji su predložili Korn i Sikorski, kao i “portret” nastavnika koji je refleksivni praktičar.  U zaključku se daje osvrt na teškoće ali i na brojne spoljašnje i unutrašnje faktore na koje nastavnik može da se osloni u (p)ostajanju stručnjakom za učenje.

Ključne reči: nastavnik, nastavničke kompetencije, nastavna filozofija, refleksivna praksa
The Silence of non-Western International Relations Theory as a Camouflage Strategy: The Trauma of Qing China and the Late Ottoman Empire
Authors: DEMİRER Hayriye Asena
Published: December 2019

My main argument in this article is that there have been at least three important barriers to the development of non-Western international relations theory (NWIRT): intellectual barriers (traumatizing effects of the imposition of the “standard of civilization”); ideational barriers (dominance of Western concepts and contexts); and scientific barriers (imposition of the standard of science). I argue that the silence of NWIRT is substantially a side effect of the strategy of mimicking the West, which was developed as an intellectual defense mechanism or as a camouflage strategy for the (re)establishment and the survival of non-Western states after their traumatic encounter with the Western states. Therefore, the surfacing of NWIRT discussions in the last decades can be attributed primarily to the maturation of an internal condition that is the revival of self-confidence in the residuals of former empires due to their regaining of rising power status and, thus, can be seen as a new phase of the ‘revolt against the West.’ On the other hand, I argue that the rise of NWIRT discussions are also related to the ripening of an external condition: some European schools of IR have been attempting to intellectually balance against the hegemony of American mainstream IRT, therefore, publication of edited books and special issues on NWIRT can also be read as searching for intellectual alliance with NWIRT.
Value in Research: Achieving Validated Outcome Measurements While Mitigating Follow-up Cost
Authors:   OME Cleveland Clinic Orthopaedics1 a
Published: December 2019

Background:

Outcome-based research is dependent on effective follow-up, and often automated methods are augmented with costlier manual methods. The question remains as to whether the costly endeavor of achieving 80% follow-up is justified for patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs)-based research. This study evaluated associations between baseline patient characteristics and the required follow-up method, between the follow-up method and 1-year PROMs, and between baseline characteristics and 1-year PROMs for all patients compared with those for patients requiring only automated follow-up.

Methods:

The Orthopaedic Minimal Data Set Episode of Care (OME) database, which prospectively collects patient data and PROMs, was utilized to analyze 5,888 shoulder, hip, and knee surgical procedures at a large integrated health system. Patients were further grouped according to the method of follow-up (automated, manual, or non-responder). Associations between baseline characteristics and follow-up method were evaluated with multinomial logistic regression models. Associations of baseline characteristics with 1-year pain scores were evaluated with proportional odds logistic regression models.

Results:

Younger age was associated with a higher likelihood of requiring manual follow-up rather than automated follow-up for the knee surgery group (p < 0.001) and the shoulder surgery group (p < 0.001). The relative risk ratio of requiring the manual method for men undergoing a shoulder surgical procedure was 1.4 times that of women (p = 0.02). Better mental health and more education were associated with a higher likelihood of responding to automated follow-up for the hip surgery group (p < 0.001) and the knee surgery group (p = 0.001). There was no significant difference in distribution of 1-year pain scores between automated and manual follow-up methods for the knee surgery group (p = 0.51) and the shoulder surgery group (p = 0.17). There was a significant difference in 1-year pain scores for the hip surgery group (p = 0.03) that was not clinically meaningful.

Conclusions:

Baseline patient characteristics were significantly associated with follow-up requirements; however, there were no significant and clinically meaningful differences in 1-year PROMs. Limiting follow-up to automated methods may have the potential to transform the way that outcome-based research is designed and conducted to provide substantially better research value in large prospective cohorts.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Virus induced gene silencing (VIGS) for functional analysis of wheat TaPCNA participated in apoptosis exposed to enhanced UV-B radiation
Authors: Du Meiting , Zhang Ying , Ran Haiyan , Han Rong , Chen Huize
Published: December 2019

Background:Plant cell apoptosis is manifested by breakage of cellular DNA and changes of membrane permeability which caused physiological metabolism disturbance and growth inhibition. Besides, the UV-B radiation inhibits plant growth and DNA break. The PCNA (Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen) is an important factor participating in cell proliferation and DNA repair. Here, we explored the function of TaPCNA in wheat exposed to enhanced UV-B radiation by means of BSMV-VIGS. Results:The results showed the expression of TaPCNA was down-regulated by VIGS. Wheat leaves presented several spots after virus inoculation, and they were also found significantly curly and the whole plants were shorter than that of the control. The growth rate of wheat in each treatment was significantly inhibited after gene silencing (BSMV::TaPCNA). Especially, the growth of the gene silencing group was almost stagnant after processed with enhanced UV-B radiation (BSMV::TaPCNA+B). Also, the growth of uninoculated plants was suppressed after being exposed to enhanced UV-B radiation (WT+B). The cell length changed obviously, and the BSMV::TaPCNA group showed to be smaller cell than those of WT and BSMV:00 group. The physiochemical and metabolisms parameters were determined in different groups. The contents of soluble sugar and soluble protein decreased while the content of MDA increased in BSMV::TaPCNA group. In addition, the SOD activity enhanced while that of POD and CAT declined. These results indicated that the antioxidant system was destroyed after TaPCNA was silenced by VIGS. After exposed to enhanced UV-B radiation, the wheat growth in different group was less notable than TaPCNA silencing. Either in the BSMV:TaPCNA-1 or BSMV:TaPCNA-2 group. Both BSMV::TaPCNA group and BSMV::TaPCNA+B group demonstrated accumulation of small molecular weight DNA fragments and micronucleus through the DNA laddering and the PI staining. Conclusions: In summary, our results preliminarily illustrated the function of TaPCNA in apoptosis exposed to enhanced UV-B radiation and thus provided an idea for researchers to explore the function of certain genes in such a complex wheat genomes and offered theoretical basis to improve wheat agronomic trait.
Extraction, Isolation, Characterization and Antioxidant Potential of Pure Compounds from Adonsonia digitata Leaf extract
Authors: Umaru Isaac John , Umaru Hauwa A. , Ahmed Fasihuddin Badruddin
Published: December 2019

Introduction Adonsonia digitata L. (Malvaceae) commonly known as Baobab is a medicinal and nutritional plant. The plant parts are used to treat various ailments such as diarrhoea, malaria and microbial infections. It is reported that it is an excellent anti-oxidant due to its vitamin C content. Baobab has numerous biological properties including antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities amongst others. Objective: The study involves extraction, Isolation, Characterisation of phytochemicals and evaluation of antioxidant potential of the pure compounds. Methods: The dried leaf powder was subjected to rotary evaporator to obtain crude extract which was subjected to isolation using chromatography analysis and elucidation using NMR and FTIR. Antioxidant (IC 50 ) potential was determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1- picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH). Result: Phytochemical investigation of the Baobab leaf extract through isolation and characterization of a bioactive compound was observed. The leaf extract yielded three compound characterised as D-Limonene, Thunbergol and (z)-2-Methyl-7-octadecene. Conclusion: The analysis of the chemical component reported identified compounds from Baobab leaf as; D-Limonene; ( 1 ) Thunbergol ( 2 ) and Cis-2-Methyl-7-octadecene ( 3 ) with significant antioxidant potential. The chemical components were identified for the first time.
Abnormal cerebellar development is involved in dystonia-like behaviors and motor dysfunction of autistic BTBR mice
Authors: Xiao Rui , Zhong Hongyu , Li Xin , Ma Yuanyuan , Zhang Ruiyu , Wang Lian , Zang Zhenle , Fan Xiaotang
Published: December 2019

Background: Motor control and learning impairments are common complications in autistic individuals. Abnormal cerebellar development during critical phases may disrupt these motor functions and lead to the development of autistic motor dysfunction. However, the underlying mechanisms behind these impairments are not clear.Methods: Dystonic behavior was elicited using tail suspension. Motor control and learning were detected by means of the grid hang test, ladder rung walking, accelerating rotarod, and open field locomotion. Cerebellar development was morphometrically and histologically detected during critical phases. RNA sequencing was used to compare differential gene expression to provide an in-depth interpretation of molecular mechanisms.Results: BTBR mice, as a model of autism, exhibited severe dystonic behavior and motor coordination or motor learning impairments. The onset of these abnormal movements coincided with the increased proliferation of granule neurons and enhanced foliation, and Purkinje cells exhibited morphological hypotrophy with increased dendritic spine formation but suppressed maturation. The migration of granule neurons seemed unaffected. Transcriptional analyses confirmed the differential expression of genes involved in abnormal neurogenesis and revealed TRPC6 as a critical regulator in proliferation and synaptic formation. Conclusion: These findings indicate that abnormal cerebellar development is closely related to dystonia and motor dysfunction of BTBR mice and that TRPC6 may be a novel risk gene for ASD that may participate in the pathological process of autistic movement disorders.
Anti-IgLON5 Disease with intriguing MRI findings respond dramatically to immunotherapy
Authors: Li Jingcheng , Chang Kai , Zhang Lili , Pi Yan
Published: December 2019

Background We present the first case of Anti-IgLON5 disease with unremarkable or unspecific brain magnetic resonance imagings, and poor responsiveness to immunotherapy.Case presentation A 37-year-old man presented with 4-day history of gait instability, dysarthria, and oculomotor abnormalities. The initial neurologic examination revealed mild unsteady gait, subtle dysarthria, and left abducent paralysis. The brain MRI imaging showed multiple, scattered diffusion restriction in the bilateral cerebral hemispheres involving left tegmentum of the midbrain, and occipital horn of right lateral ventricle, without contrast enhancement. The Anti-IgLON5 antibodies were detected in the serum (titer 1:32). Furthermore, the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotyping confirmed HLA-DRB1*11:01 and HLA-DRB1*15:01, HLA-DQB1*03:01 and HLA-DQB1*06:02 alleles. The symptoms of patient rapid improvement after high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone and immunoglobulins.Conclusions In this paper, we report a new case of anti-IgLON5 disease with major symptoms of gait instability, dysarthria, and oculomotor abnormalities, with distinctive brain magnetic resonance findings, and responsive to immunotherapy.
FGF20 protected against BBB disruption after traumatic brain injury by activating the AKT/GSK3β pathway to upregulate junction protein expression and inhibiting JNK/NFκB-dependent neuroinflammation
Authors: Chen Jun , Wang Xue , Hu Jian , Huang Wenting , Dordoe Confidence , Guo Kaiming , Han Fanyi , Guo Ruili , Ye Shasha , Du Jingting , Lin Li , Li Xiaokun
Published: December 2019

Background ：Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and the cerebral inflammatory response are two reciprocal mechanisms that work together to mediate the degree of brain edema, which is responsible for the majority of deaths after traumatic brain injury (TBI), and facilitate further brain damage, which leads to long-term TBI complications. Fibroblast growth factor 20 (FGF20), a neurotrophic factor, plays important roles in the development of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson disease (PD). However, little is known about the role of FGF20 in TBI. The aim of the current study was to assess the protective effects of FGF20 in TBI through protecting the BBB. Methods: We explored the relationship between FGF20 and BBB function in controlled cortical impact (CCI)-induced TBI mice model and TNF-α-induced human brain microvascular endothelial cell (HBMEC) in vitro BBB disruption model. We also explored the mechanisms of these interactions and the signaling processes involved in BBB function and neuroinflammation. Results: In this study, we demonstrate that recombinant human FGF20 (rhFGF20) reduced neurofunctional deficits, brain edema and Evans Blue penetration in vivo after TBI. In an in vitro BBB disruption model of, rhFGF20 could reverse changes to TNF-α-induced HBMEC morphology, reduce Transwell permeability, and increase transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER). In both a TBI mouse model and in vitro , rhFGF20 upregulated the expression of BBB-associated tight junction (TJ) protein and adherens junction (AJ) protein via the AKT/GSK3β pathway. In addition, rhFGF20 inhibited the cerebral inflammatory response through regulating the JNK/NFκB pathway and further protected the function of the BBB. Conclusions : Our results contribute to a new treatment strategy in TBI research. FGF20 is a potential candidate to treat TBI as it protects the BBB via regulating the AKT/GSK3β and JNK/NFκB signaling pathways.