bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New Insights into Flow for a Low-Bypass-Ratio Transonic Fan with Optimized Rotor
Authors: Liu Mingjun , Zhang Zhenjiu , Liang Zhuoming , Xiao Haibing , Chen Huanlong , Yang Xianqing , Shao Changxiao
Published: October 2023

In order to balance the conflicts among mass flow rate, total pressure ratio, adiabatic efficiency and stall margin in a low-bypass transonic fan, the optimization of the rotor blade is implemented in this study. An advanced 3D optimization design system is adopted, and flow diagnostic methods based on vorticity dynamics are employed to discuss the flow field. Results indicate that by controlling the blade camber line curvature, significant improvements in the aerodynamic performance for the fan stage are achieved, the total pressure ratio is increased by 1.90%, while the adiabatic efficiency and mass flow rate are increased by 4.45% and 5.82%, respectively. Vorticity diagnosis suggest that there exists a close link between performance parameters and vorticity parameters in the axial fan/compressor, both azimuthal vorticity and boundary vortex flux have significant influences on the stage performance. Moreover, the boundary layer separation is accompanied by the spike of entropy and static pressure, while the derivation/gradient of these flow parameters would also suffer drastic changes under the effect of shock wave. The vorticity parameters could provide detailed flow information about the on-wall flow with high accuracy, which provides the researchers with a novel method for the turbomachinery aerodynamic design and analysis.
The need to observe an individual approach when routing patients with atherosclerosis of the brachiocephalic arteries in the framework of the «Healthy Moscow» project.
Authors:   The Moscow Department of Health, Starshinin A. V. , Bezymyanny A. S. ,   The Moscow Department of Health, Grinin V. M. ,   I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Mingazova E. N. ,   N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health,   Kazan State Medical University
Published: October 2023

During the implementation of the program, up-to-date data were obtained on the state of the cardiovascular system, the main risk factors for stroke, especially among middle-aged able-bodied people who had a new coronavirus infection COVID‑19. An assessment was made of the dynamics of populations undergoing preventive examinations in the format of field medical care, the most common diseases, including pathologies of the BCA. A database has been created for long-term monitoring of the incidence of cardiovascular diseases in the population and the prevention of BCA pathologies and stroke. The routing of patients with BCA pathologies was developed based on the analysis of many years of practical experience in providing specialized medical care to patients with pathology of the precerebral arteries in medical organizations of the Moscow public health system. Routing of patients within the framework of this project, based on a specially developed methodology, an integrated approach to treatment with preliminary training of medical personnel in the ultrasound technique for measuring carotid artery stenosis according to the European ECST scale, a clear algorithm and mechanisms for working with patients within the framework of intersectoral activities, allows to reduce the incidence of stroke and mortality. Successful strategies to expand screening of patients with BCA pathology implemented in the «Healthy Moscow» project require further study to evaluate the effectiveness of specific stroke prevention mechanisms.
Psoriasis: disease burden in current environment.
Authors:   FSCC of Children and Adolescents of the FMBA of Russia, Bezmelnitsyna L.Yu. , Besstrashnova Y.K. ,   Albrecht Federal Scientific Centre of Rehabilitation of the Disabled, Zolotarev P.N. ,   Ministry of Health of the Samara Region, Kadyrov F.N. ,   Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation,   North-Western State Medical University. I. I. Mechnikov, Lobanov A.V. ,   Trapeznikov Institute of Management Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Meshkov D.O. ,   Trapeznikov Institute of Management Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Feduaeva A.V. ,   Trapeznikov Institute of Management Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Cherkasov S.N. ,   Trapeznikov Institute of Management Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Shoshmin A.V. ,   Albrecht Federal Scientific Center of Rehabilitation of the Disabled
Published: October 2023

Psoriasis currently is considered to be beyond the list of socially significant diseases; however, a pilot study shows that the medical, social and economic burden of the disease can be significant. The pilot study made it possible to identify the most actual research areas for assessing of disease burden indicators what is necessary for development of comprehensive multidisciplinary interdepartmental programs aimed at improving population health and reducing the medical, social and economic consequences of psoriasis.
La traducción español-alemán de textos enoturísticos: la creación enológica
Authors: Montes Sánchez Alba
Published: October 2023

Según datos arrojados por la Organización Mundial del Turismo (2019), el año 2018 fue el noveno año consecutivo de crecimiento sostenido en Europa, la región más visitada del mundo. España, que continuó con un sólido crecimiento en el sector, es el principal destino de la Europa Meridional y Mediterránea, seguido de países de la subregión como Italia, Portugal, Grecia, Croacia y Turquía, que ha continuado su fuerte recuperación. En este sentido, el turismo es uno de los principales motores de ingresos de nuestro país y, amén de mantener este status o escalar posiciones en el sector, se debe ofrecer un turismo de calidad, con productos de calidad y, por consiguiente, con una información multilingüe de calidad. Es aquí donde se halla la labor lingüística y traductológica, en considerar el turismo, y en este contexto, dicha alternativa turística que tiene como fin preservar los paisajes de la vid y promover el desarrollo rural y regional en determinadas zonas geográficas españolas conocido como ‘enoturismo’, un producto de exportación que debe contar con la competencia tanto lingüística como intercultural del profesional en traducción. Por consiguiente, la divulgación internacional de esta práctica turística requiere de expertos en terminología y traducción que garanticen la correcta transferencia de la información y contribuya a aumentar el número de visitantes a escala internacional. El presente artículo se centra en la importancia de abordar la terminología vitivinícola con el fin de comercializar las actividades enoturísticas. Con ello, se realiza un análisis contrastivo español-alemán con el propósito de presentar las dificultades traductológicas emergentes en este tipo de textos, como es el caso de la creación neológica. Finalmente se expondrán una serie de conclusiones finales sobre la práctica del enoturismo y la traducción en España, país donde el vino es, especialmente en algunas regiones, uno de los principales motores económicos, además de suponer un signo cultural y gastronómico.
Fuentes para la creación de un corpus textual para la traducción alemán-español de textos sobre la enfermedad de Alzheimer
Authors: Rubio Jiménez Ana María
Published: October 2023

En el presente trabajo se pretende dar a conocer una serie de recursos básicos de diversa índole que pueden ser de utilidad para la traducción especializada en el ámbito médico, en concreto, para aquellos textos dirigidos al paciente que se centren en la enfermedad de Alzheimer, y que pueden servir de base para la posterior creación de un corpus textual comparable en el par de lenguas alemán-español.
La elección del caballo: dos ejemplos de un relato tradicional germánico
Authors: Zamora González Rafael
Published: October 2023

En el presente estudio se pone en valor, por primera vez, el episodio de la Vǫlsunga Saga que narra cómo Sigurðr encuentra a su caballo Grani. Ello ha sido gracias al hallazgo de un texto con el que parece compartir estructura y un origen común, presente en la Crónica de Castilla, Ambas obras pertenecen al siglo XIII pero su principal diferencia radica en que fueron redactadas en lugares tan alejados como para no poder explicar una transmisión directa: Islandia y España. De esta forma, en las siguientes páginas se tratará de fundamentar su parentesco genético, así como tratar de arrojar algo de luz sobre el origen y la evolución de los relatos
La capacidad de aprendizaje de la TA neuronal: un estudio longitudinal
Authors: Schmidhofer Astrid
Published: October 2023

En este trabajo se presentarán los resultados de un estudio longitudinal de dos sistemas abiertos de TA neuronal. Se compararon las traducciones, de siete textos de características diferentes, que se habían obtenido en tres momentos distintos a lo largo de un año en la combinación español-alemán.
Burgess-Capps Cabin : historic context, maintenance issues, and measured drawings
Authors: Fuelberth August , Wilcoski James , Stynoski Peter , Baxter Carey , Story Madison , Smith Adam , Murphey Joseph
Published: October 2023

The Burgess-Capps Cabin is located on the US Air Force Academy (USAFA), Colorado, and was placed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1975 under the name of “Pioneer Cabin.” The building is currently not occupied but used as a history interpretive site. It is one of the few log cabins that remain in this part of Colorado from the time of European settlement. All buildings, especially historic ones, require regular planned maintenance and repair. The most notable cause of historic build-ing element failure or decay is not the fact that the historic building is old, but rather, it is caused by incorrect or inappropriate repair or basic neglect of the historic building fabric. This document is a maintenance manual compiled with as-is conditions of construction materials of the cabin. The secretary of interior’s guidelines on rehabilitation and repair per material are discussed to provide the cultural resources manager at USAFA a guide to maintain this historic building. Additional chapters include information regarding the historic materials and a structural analysis. This report satisfies Section 110 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) of 1966 as amended and will help USAFA’s Cultural Resources Management Office to manage this historic building.
Fabrication and Release Mechanism Study of a Nanocapsule Breaker for Controlling Degradation Rate of Insoluble Residue in Slickwater at Moderate-Temperature Reservoirs
Authors: Pu Jingyang , Luo Ming-liang , Wang Kai , Li Xu , Wu Jin-bo , Zhang Na , Zhao Yang , Lu Mingjing
Published: October 2023

In an ideal hydraulic fracturing project, the viscosity of hydraulic fracturing fluid (HFF) should drop to facilitate an efficient and quick fracture cleanup once proppants have been placed. Ammonium persulfate (APS) is widely used as an oxidizer breaker to degrade the insoluble residue of the HFF. However, a complex network of artificial fractures with sizes ranging from millimeters to micrometers restricts the transportation application and reaction time of standard breakers and current millimeter-sized capsule breakers. In this study, we introduce an APS nanocapsule (APS-NC) breaker, fabricated via a simple miniemulsion technique, that is capable of addressing the degradation of insoluble residue of the HFF in deep fractures. The nanocapsules are produced through precise control of the nanoprecipitation of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) onto aqueous APS nanodroplets. Stable aqueous nanodroplets are generated by means of an inverse miniemulsion using Pluronic P-123 as a specific surfactant to form a large and stable water-oil internal surface referring to the long chain and amphipathic property of Pluronic P-123 molecule. Pluronic P-123 is included in the process not only to stabilize the miniemulsion and increase the precipitation efficiency of PMMA but also to function as a thermo-responsive switch for the delayed burst release of APS. The size of the resulting nanocapsules can be controlled within the 207 and 821 nm range, yielding APS up to 92%. The release rate of APS can be controlled by the initial amount of PMMA (150–300 mg), environmental temperature (40–80°C), and environmental pH (3.4–7). When the temperature was 80℃, the initial amount of Pluronic P-123 dominated the release dynamic of APS. Compared with the APS breaker in a dynamic degradation experiment, the APS-NC had a more controllable degradation profile that could cause hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) to burst degrade after 6 hours of heating at 80°C.
Mapping the evidence on interactions between Complementary and Alternative Medicines with conventional antituberculosis medicines in the sub-Sahara African countries: A Scoping Review Protocol
Authors: Kadima Mukanda Gedeon , Founou Luria Leslie , Salvius Bakari Amuri , Karpoormath Rajshekhar , Singh Parvesh
Published: October 2023

Background: Complementary and Alternative Medicines (CAM) with their different bioactive compounds are commonly used either alone or in combination with conventional medicines in the treatment of tuberculosis and have proven clinically pharmacological activities. Pharmacokinetic interaction are the results of the combination of Complementary and Alternative Medicines with conventional medicines or intrinsically linked to the inhibition of the metabolic enzymes responsible for the metabolism and clearance of the drugs amongst patients. This study aims at mapping the evidence on documented interactions from the combination of Complementary and Alternative Medicines with antituberculosis medicines in the sub-Sahara African countries
Methods/design: This study will be done following recommendations of Levac et al. (Implement Sci 5:69, 2010) and the framework made by Arksey and O’Malley. Based on our eligibility criteria, the appropriate literature will be searched in the following databases: World Health Organization, Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Open Access Theses and Dissertations and EBSCOhost which includes: Newspaper Source, Academic Search Complete and MEDLINE. Relevant studies published from 2005 to December 2020 will be included. Eligible studies should show evidence on documented interactions from the combination CAM with antituberculosis medicines and any interactions as outcomes. NVIVO software will be used to draw out the pertinent thematic analysis and outcomes of the research. Stata statistical software (Stata Corp V.14, TX, USA) will be used for analysing quantitative data, while the chi-squared test on Cochran’s Q statistic will be used to evaluate the Heterogeneity that will be quantified by I2 values. The χ2 test on Cochrane’s Q statistic will be used to detect any heterogeneity between subgroups.
Discussion: This review anticipates finding relevant publications reporting the evidence on documented interactions from the combination of CAM with antituberculosis medicines in Sub-Saharan African countries. The synthesis of this obviousness base will serve as guidance for future research studies. The result from the research will be printed and electronically exposed via traditional academic platforms, namely peer-reviewed publications and at conference presentations.
Systematic review Prospero registration number: CRD42022329684
Origins and importance of intragranular cracking in layered lithium transition metal oxide cathodes
Authors: Ducati Caterina , Morzy Jedrzej , Dose Wesley , Vullum Per Erik , Lai May-Ching , Mahadevegowda Amoghavarsha , De Volder Michael
Published: October 2023

Li-ion batteries have a pivotal role in the transition towards electric transportation. Ni-rich layered transition metal oxide (LTMO) cathode materials promise high specific capacity and lower cost but exhibit faster degradation compared to lower Ni alternatives. Here, we employ high resolution electron microscopy and spectroscopies to investigate the nanoscale origins and impact on performance of intragranular cracking (within primary crystals) in Ni-rich LTMOs. We find that intragranular cracking is widespread in charged specimens early in cycle life, but uncommon in discharged samples even after cycling. The distribution of intragranular cracking is highly inhomogeneous. We conclude that intragranular cracking is caused by local stresses that can have several independent sources: neighbouring particle anisotropic expansion/contraction, Li- and TM-inhomogeneities at the primary and secondary particle levels and interfacing of electrochemically active and inactive phases. Our results suggest that intragranular cracks can manifest at different points of life of the cathode and can potentially lead to capacity fade and impedance rise of LTMO cathodes through plane gliding and particle detachment that lead to exposure of new surfaces to the electrolyte and loss of electrical contact.
Research on temperature field of high-speed milling titanium alloy and machining parameters optimization
Authors: Liu Jianping , Liu Changfu , Tong Hao , Wang Daohai
Published: October 2023

The high milling temperature in the high-speed milling process restricts the production efficiency and processing quality of titanium alloy thin-walled parts. Optimizing the processing parameters can control the temperature within a reasonable range, which can improve its production efficiency and processing quality. Therefore, it is imperative to conduct research on milling temperature and multi-objective parameter optimization during the milling process. In this paper, the temperature field model of the workpiece was established using the moving heat source method. The finite element method was used to simulate the temperature field of the workpiece during the milling process. The milling temperature was measured by an infrared thermal imager, and a milling temperature prediction model was set up based on the experimental data. Considering the minimum milling temperature and the maximum material removal rate, the whale optimization algorithm (WOA) was applied to optimize the processing parameters. The results showed that the maximum error of simulation and experimental results is less than 16%. The optimization method can provide reference for the selection of subsequent milling parameters.
Voluntary participation and optimism: How and when outside individual options can facilitate group collaboration
Authors: Mori Ryutaro , Hanaki Nobuyuki , Kameda Tatsuya
Published: October 2023

Whether in business ventures or academic research, voluntary participation is at the heart of
collaboration. Yet, previous studies concerning collaboration have primarily focused on the freeriding
problem, largely overlooking this mundane but critical aspect. We address this gap by
modeling collaborative situations as people’s voluntary choices between joining an uncertain
public goods provisioning in groups and pursuing a certain but less profitable individual option.
Theoretically and experimentally, we show that this voluntary nature in collaboration increases the
likelihood of group success by filtering out otherwise pessimistic defectors or encouraging them
toward cooperation. Further, we reconcile our findings with the existing literature highlighting
detrimental effects of individual alternatives to collaborative solutions. We argue that whether
individual options aid or hinder collaboration hinges on the degree of the “externality” of loners
(who pursue the individual option) to the group. As long as the collaboration pertains to local
public goods, the externality remains limited, ensuring that the existence of an individual option
robustly aids collaborative success by fostering cooperation through improved optimism within
groups.
Difference light environment affects the efficiency of surgical suture training
Authors: gu yuan , Xie Lihua , Huang Xianzhe , Liu Chan , Li Wenzhao
Published: October 2023

Background: Suture knotting is the basis of surgical skills. In the process of surgical skills learning, the surrounding environment, especially the light, will affect the efficiency of learning. This study investigated the effect of optical environment on the learning of stitching and knotting skills.
Methods: A total of 44 medical students were randomly divided into four groups and participated in the study of suture knotting in four different optical environments. During the process, we assess objective pressure level by testing salivary amylase activity Likert scale and objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) was used to estimate the subjective psychological state and overall skill mastery in surgical suturing respectively.
Results: Under high illumination conditions (700 lx), the salivary amylase activity of the high color temperature group (6000 K) was significantly higher than that of the low color temperature group (4000 K) (p < 0.0001). Similarly, under low illumination (300 lx), the salivary amylase activity of the high color temperature group was also significantly higher than that of the low color temperature group (p < 0.05). The student under high illumination conditions (700 lx) and the low color temperature (6000 K) have an autonomy score between 37-45, which is significantly higher compared to the other three groups (p < 0.0001). Group 2 has an average OSCE score of 95.09, which were significantly higher than those of the other three groups (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: High illumination combined with low color temperature is considered as the optimal training conditions, promoting trainees' optimism, reducing stress levels, and enhancing learning efficiency. These results highlight the pivotal role of light environment in improving the quality and efficiency of surgical skills training.
Utilizing machine learning models with limited meteorological data as alternatives for the FAO-56 model in estimating potential evapotranspiration
Authors: Shafizadeh-Moghadam Hossein , Amani Shima , Morid Saeid
Published: October 2023

The current study evaluated the accuracy of four machine learning (ML) techniques and thirteen experimental methods calibrated to estimate potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in arid and semi-arid regions. Various scenarios utilizing meteorological data were examined, and FAO56-PM was used as a benchmark. The results revealed that the ML models outperformed the experimental methods at both daily and monthly scales. Among the ML models, the artificial neural networks (ANNs), generalized additive model (GAM), random forest (RF), and support vector machine (SVM), respectively, demonstrated higher accuracy on a monthly scale, while the ANNs, SVM, RF, and GAM exhibited greater accuracy on a daily scale. Notably, the ANNs and SVM achieved high accuracy even with a limited number of variables. Conversely, the accuracy of the RF improved with an increased number of variables. Comparing ML models to experimental models with equivalent input revealed that ANN with inputs similar to Valiantras-1 performed better on a monthly scale, while SVM with inputs akin to Valiantras-3 showed superior performance on a daily scale. Our findings suggest that average temperature, wind speed, and sunshine hours contribute significantly to the accuracy of ML models. Consequently, these ML models can serve as an alternative to the FAO56-PM method for estimating ET0.
Construction of a risk model for predicting colorectal cancer prognosis and immunotherapy based on angiogenesis-related gene
Authors: Huang Shaoxiong , Zhu Jianlin , Qiu Xiantu , Ni Limei , Lin Wei
Published: October 2023

Background
Angiogenesis is closely associated with the prognosis and immune microenvironment of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), which is regulated by numerous angiogenesis related genes (ARGs). This study aimed to construct a prognostic model based on ARGs to provide effective guidance for the prognosis and immunotherapy response of CRC patients.
Methods
CRC data for CRC patients was extracted from the public data to analyze the difference of immune cell infiltration abundance between Cluster 1 (high ARGs, C1) and Cluster 2 (low ARGs, C2).
Results
The results showed that C2 had a lower abundance of immune cell infiltration, especially CD4 + T cells. Furthermore, a model based on differential expression genes (DEGs) of C1 and C2 was established. Validation indicated that the ARGs-DEGs model could be well applied to predict the survival of CRC patients, thus determining prognostic risk stratification. The univariate and multivariate COX regression analysis of risk score combined with multiple clinical features showed that risk score of ARGs-DEGs model was an independent risk factor for CRC patients. Further construction of Norman chart combined with multiple clinical features could more accurately predict the prognosis of CRC patients. In addition, our further study demonstrated that intercellular connectivity and extracellular matrix remodeling signaling pathways may be potential mechanisms of the ARGs-DEGs model.
Conclusions
From our findings that the distribution of immune checkpoints was significantly obvious differences between the high-risk and low-risk cohorts, we conclude that the low-risk cohorts had a potentially better response to immunotherapy.
Use of traditional and complementary medicine by cancer patients seen at the Senkatana oncology clinic, Maseru, Lesotho
Authors: Sooro Mopa A. , Thoahlane Thabo S. , Ramathebane Maseabata V. , Mputsoe Kabelo A.
Published: October 2023

Background
The use of traditional and complementary medicine by cancer patients remains common in several countries especially in the Sub-Saharan Africa. However, the reasons for use are complex and change with time and space, they may vary from therapy to therapy, and they are different from one individual to another. The use of TCM has been associated with active coping behaviour and a way through which patients take control of their own health. However, cancer patients do not disclose their use of TCM to the attending healthcare professionals and therefore the effects of these medicines on the patients may not be ascertained.
Methods
A cross-sectional, quantitative study was conducted at Senkatana Oncology clinic in May to June 2023. Cancer patients were interviewed using structured questionnaires about their use of TCM. A structured questionnaire administered was adopted from the validated questionnaire used in another African country; Nigeria. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data.
Results
All interviewed patients (n = 50, 100%) reported to be using TCM. Respondents consisted of 24 females (48%) and 26 males (52%) in the age range 14 to 82 years old. The majority of the study population was in the age group 35–44 years old. The most prevalent cancer among participating males was prostate cancer and among females was cervical cancer. Breast cancer prevalence was the same among interviewed males and females. Biological products use was the most prominent with the highest average percentage usage (14.7%). Among these products herbal drugs and special diet/ nutritional therapies & supplements both consisted of 42% usage among study participants. The majority of patients (66%, n = 33) indicated that they just wanted to try everything that could help. Patients (n = 47, 94%) further reported that they had been using complementary medicine during the same period as they were using conventional treatment so that both may work to help each other.
Conclusions
It is concluded that all interviewed cancer patients use TCM. Patients indicated that one of the reasons for using TCM was that they wanted to try everything that could help in their cancer care. Patients did not inform their oncologist of their concurrent use of TCM because they had been advised not to use other medicines besides what they are given at the clinic.
Identification of risk factors for limb length inequality following hip replacemet：A Multivariate Analysis
Authors: Zhang Zhenxiang , Chen Guolin , Zhang Qinyang , Li Fanfan , Dou Hongmei , Zhang Chen , Bai Jintao , Zhang Yu
Published: October 2023

Background
Postoperative limb length inequality (LLI) after hip replacement (HR) continues to pose major clinical difficulties. LLI can lead to a series of complications, affecting patients’ satisfaction and even causing patient litigation.This retrospective study aims to identify the risk factors for LLI in patients who underwent HR though univariate and multivariate analysis.
Methods
A total of 480 patients who underwent HR between January 2019 and December 2022 were included. The potential risk factors comprised three categories: patient factors (age, body mass index sex, body side, osteoporosis and diagnosis), surgery-related factors (anesthesia, operation technique, type of implants and surgeon volume), and radiological findings (postoperative LLI, femoral cortical index (FCI)), difference between the bilateral vertical center of rotations (DBV-COR), reserved length of calcar femorale (R-LOCF), restoration of femoral offset (FO), prosthesis femoral neck length (PFNL), and depth of insertion(DOI)). The risk factors might associated with LLI were determined by univariate and multivariate analysis.
Results
Risk factors associated with increased possibility of LLI were osteoporosis [odds ratio (OR) 1.705, confidence interval (CI) 1.047−2.778], anesthesia (OR 1.876, CI 1.256−2.802), reserved length of calcar femorale (OR 1.128, CI 1.037−1.226), restoration of femoral offset (OR 1.883, CI 1.288−2.752), and prosthesis femoral neck length (OR 1.051, CI 1.005−1.098).
Conclusions
The occurrence of LLI after hip replacement was most likely multifactorial and was related to osteoporosis, anesthesia, reserved length of calcar femorale, restoration of femoral offset, and prosthesis femoral neck length. When
performing hip arthroplasty, surgeons should consider these risk factors to avoid LLI following HR.
Frequency of oral lesions, olfactory and gustatory disorders and xerostomia in patients with COVID-19
Authors: Castilho Natália Lopes , Martelli Daniella R. Barbosa , Machado Renato Assis , Cunha Zêus Araujo , Reis Claudiojanes , Queiroz Priscila Regina , Silva Dayane de Sá , Oliveira Eduardo Araujo , Coletta Ricardo D. , Martelli-Júnior Hercílio
Published: October 2023

Objective
To evaluate the frequency of oral lesions, olfactory and gustatory disorders and xerostomia resulting from COVID-19.
Methods
An observational study was conducted with 414 patients to evaluate the frequency of oral symptoms resulting from COVID-19. Patients were diagnosed with mild symptoms and evaluated through clinical examination of the oral cavity and a questionnaire to assess functional alterations.
Results
The findings showed that 139 out of 414 patients presented clinical manifestations, with oral lesions being the most prevalent (19.1%), followed by gustatory disorders (18.1%), xerostomia (14.2%), and olfactory dysfunction (14%). The most prevalent oral lesions were ulcerations (n = 51), candidiasis (n = 8), and erythema or red plaques (n = 7). Unfortunately, 50 (12.1%) patients died during the study.
Conclusion
Therefore, oral lesions, olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions and xerostomia are common symptoms associated with COVID-19 observed. However, it cannot be concluded that they are directly caused by SARS-CoV-2, since some drugs used in the treatment of COVID-19 may interact with the development of oral alterations and xerostomia.
Associated Risk and Protective Factors with Mental Health and Substance Use Among University Students After COVID-19 Restrictions Were Lifted in Spain
Authors: Villalba Karina , del-Pino-Espejo María-José , Estévez Eladia Illescas , Blasco Tristán Pertíñez , Attonito Jennifer
Published: October 2023

Background: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and substance use among students in Spain following the lifting of COVID-19 guidelines has not been adequately assessed. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and alcohol use, as well as identify significant risk and protective factors among university students after the relaxation of COVID-19 social guidelines.
Methods: A total of 490 university students from Andalusia, Spain, participated in the study. Frequencies and prevalence rates were calculated. Regression analyses identified significant risk and protective factors associated with the outcomes of interest.
Results: Our findings showed that after the COVID-19 guidelines were lifted, students displayed moderate levels of depression and anxiety, which were higher than those observed prior to the pandemic. Risk factors included a positive association between adverse traumatic experiences and alcohol use [F (2, 405) = 37.1, p < .02, R2 = .012]; between loneliness and anxiety in young females [F (3, 598) = 97.7, p < .03, R2 = .015]. Protective factors included a significant negative association between family closeness and anxiety [F (3, 678) = 23.6, p < .02, R2 = .109]; between spiritual connection and alcohol use in young males [F (2, 316) = 54.2, p < .05, R2 = .059]. Anger and stress were identified as common predictors of depression, anxiety, and alcohol use among both genders.
Conclusion: These results emphasize the ongoing importance of prioritizing the mental health of students in Andalusia, Spain, even in the post-pandemic era.
Serum albumin maintains Wnt water-solubility and activity
Authors: kim Chul Hoon , Yeo Joo Hye , Kwon Soon Sung , Chae Jiyeon , Kusen Ines , Han Jaeeun , Lim Ju Yeon , Cheong Jae-Ho , Kim Tae Il , Jung Yang Ouk , Lee Jinu
Published: October 2023

Wnt proteins regulate adult tissue homeostasis and repair by driving stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. High-performance Wnt preparations have enormous therapeutic potential, especially alongside various stem cell technologies. Currently, most of these Wnt preparations contain Fetal Bovine Serum or the detergent CHAPS to maintain Wnt solubility and activity. Recently, afamin was identified as a serum factor that solubilizes Wnt3a in conditioned media, obviating the requirement for animal sera. Here, we report serum albumin is required for afamin-mediated solubilization of Wnt3a in conditioned media. Moreover, Serum Albumin-mediated solubilization of purified Wnt3a in tubes does not require afamin. This means conventional CHAPS-Wnt3a preparations can be modified into Serum Albumin-purified Wnt3a preparations by exchanging CHAPS for Serum Albumin through dialysis. Serum Albumin-purified Wnt3a preparations effectively promote the growth of human stem cell organoids. These data suggest Serum Albumin as a physiological factor for maintaining Wnt3a activity in therapeutic applications.
Total MRI Burden of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease is Associated with Ischemic Stroke Recurrence in Patients Treated with Intravenous Thrombolysis: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Liu Xueyun , Wu Xiaosan , Yan Sunhong , Wang Long , Li Huan , Yu Liqiang , Fang Chuanqin , Fang Qi , Li Qi
Published: October 2023

Background and Objectives:
It remains unclear whether the total cerebral small vessel diseases (CSVD) burden can predict risk of recurrent ischemic stroke in patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT). We aim to investigate the association between the total CSVD burden and recurrent ischemic stroke in patients treated with IVT.
Methods
We enrolled patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) undergoing IVT between September 2017 and June 2019. According to the total burden rating scale of CSVD on MRI, we calculated the total CSVD burden score. Study participants were followed up regularly by two neurologists at 3,6,12,24 and 36 months after the index AIS onset. We used Kaplan–Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazards regression models to attempt to prove the associations between the total CSVD burden and recurrent ischemic stroke.
Results
We found that recurrent ischemic stroke events in patients treated with IVT were associated with total CSVD burden, higher cumulative incidence rates of recurrent stroke were more common in higher CSVD score (log-rank P ≤ 0.001). In multivariate Cox regression analysis, diabetes (adjusted HR = 4.065,95%CI = 2.143–7.713, P = 0.000), secondary prevention (adjusted HR = 0.322,95%CI = 0.150–0.691, P = 0.004), and the total CSVD score of 3 point (adjusted HR = 4.907,95%CI = 1.017–23.678, P = 0.048), 4 point (adjusted HR = 13.480,95%CI = 2.587–70.245, P = 0.002) were independently associated with recurrent ischemic strokes within 3 years. However, the total CSVD score of 1 point (adjusted HR = 1.524,95%CI = 0.313–7.412, P = 0.602), 2 point (adjusted HR = 3.111,95%CI = 0.668–14.495, P = 0.148) were not associated with recurrent ischemic stroke. Increasing CSVD score was also associated with all-cause mortality and ischemic stroke events mortality during follow-up in patients treated with IVT.
Conclusions
Total CSVD burden was associated with recurrent ischemic stroke in patients treated with IVT. Most notably the total CSVD score of 3 or 4 resulted in a more than 4-fold increase in risk of recurrent ischemic stroke in patients treated with IVT.
The Mediating Effects of Thought Suppression, Emotion Suppression, and Self-Esteem on the Relationship between Mindfulness and Depression in Youth: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Wang Xuanyi , Chen Shulin
Published: October 2023

Background Youths are particularly susceptible to depression, as they face a critical but vulnerable phase of cognitive development. Cognitive interventions for youth depression are therefore warranted. Mindfulness, considered as the third wave of the cognitive revolution, shows great potential to address risk factors of depression, especially suppression and low self-esteem. Therefore, this study aims to explore the mediating role of thought suppression, emotion suppression, and self-esteem between mindfulness and depressive symptoms. Methods A sample of 607 participants (age = 22.00 ± 2.63 years, 62.1% female) completed a questionnaire regarding mindfulness, thought suppression, emotion suppression, self-esteem, and depression. Data were analyzed using linear regression and structural equation modeling (SEM). Results (1) The results showed that the total effect of mindfulness on depression was − 0.642. The direct mediating effects of self-esteem and thought suppression were − 0.407 and − 0.086, respectively. The chain mediating effects of emotion suppression–thought suppression and emotion suppression–self-esteem were − 0.035 and − 0.037, respectively, while the direct effect of mindfulness on depression was not significant (p = 0.174). (2) Among the five facets of mindfulness, acting with awareness, non-judgment, and describing were the strongest predictors of self-esteem (β = 0.419), thought suppression (β= −0.425), and emotion suppression (β= −0.292), respectively. Conclusions Thought suppression and self-esteem directly mediated the relationship between mindfulness and depression. There were also chain mediating effects of emotion suppression–thought suppression and emotion suppression–self-esteem on the relationship between mindfulness and depression. Different mindfulness facets play various roles in the relationship. These findings may provide useful suggestions for intervention and prevention of depression.
Structural and electronic insights in 1-ethyl-3- methylimidazolium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide ion pair conformers: ab intio DFT study
Authors: Wagaye Abraham M , Yohannes Teketel , Workneh Getachew Adam
Published: October 2023

Among all possible ionic liquids, which are potential candidates for electrolytic solvents in lithium ion batteries, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(fuorosulfonyl)imide [EMI[FSI] is the most noteworthy, mainly due to its lower viscosity. To further advance the development of electrolytes with improved electrochemical performance, it is imperative to understand, at a molecular level, the underlying molecular and electronic interactions which influence the viscosity and transport properties of the ionic liquids. With this in mind, therefore, we present detailed structural and electronic insights of imidazolium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide ion pairs. The structures of cations, anions, and cation-anion ion pairs of the conformers were optimized systematically at ω97X-D levels with the DGDZVD basis sets considering both the empirical dispersion corrections and the presence of a polar solvent, and their most stable geometries were obtained.The nature of molecular interactions in a series of the ion pair conformers were thoroughly discussed by analyzing the interaction energies, stabilization energies and natural orbital analysis of the ion pair conformers.The [FSI]− anions, unlike the [TFSI]− anions, exist on top position with respect to the imidazolium rings. On the basis of a distance criteria, the [EMI]+ and [FSI]− ions show distances of rather weak hydrogen bonds. The [EMI]+ cation and [FSI]− anions tend to form multiple σ* and π* interactions, but reducing the strength of the individual contributions from a potential (linear) maximum.
Practice of team-based learning (TBL) based on network platform in teaching surgical abdominal emergency
Authors: Wu Ping , Zhou Yiman , Lv Wenjie
Published: October 2023

Objective:To explore the application and effect of team-based learning (TBL) based on network platform in teaching surgical abdominal emergency.Methods:A total of 80 fourth-year medical students from Shanghai Jiao Tong University's five-year clinical medicine program were enrolled. They were randomly assigned to two groups: the control group (n = 40) used the online large class teaching method, and the experimental group (n = 40) used the online TBL. The teaching effect of web-based TBL was evaluated by collecting the subjective evaluation of the experimental group and the objective test results of both groups through a questionnaire.Results:Online TBL was well-received by most students. More than 80% of them found the teaching method interesting, and more than 90% of them gave a high rating to the improvement of their learning ability with online TBL. The experimental group scored significantly higher than the control group in the objective tests (P < 0.05).Conclusion:The network-based TBL is preferred by most students. TBL curricula are more conducive to medical student learning and engagement and have better learning outcomes.
Sub-lethal effects of broflanilide a novel meta-diamide on Spodoptera frugiperda after long exposure
Authors: Li Mingjian , Mbuji Amosi Leonard , Zuo Chengxiao , Lv Shenglan , Wang Xuegui , Zhang Lei
Published: October 2023

The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is a polyphagous migratory insect which causes large economic losses in maize. Broflanilide is a novel meta-diamide insecticide with high efficiency to control Lepidoptera pests including S. frugiperda. In this study, broflanilide showed higher toxicity to S. frugiperda larvae (48h LD50, 0.041 μg/g) than commercial insecticides, including emamectin benzoate (0.27 μg/g), spinetoram (0.516 μg/g), indoxacarb (2.507 μg/g), chlorfenapyr (7.143 μg/g), chlorantraniliprole (0.085 μg/g) and lambda-cyhalothrin (0.152 μg/g). For sublethal effect, after being treated by broflanilide with LD30 (0.031 μg/g) dose, for F0 generation, third to sixth instar and total longevity was significantly prolonged by 0.68 days and 4.28 days respectively in the treated cohort and the fecundity of individuals was significantly decreased by 416 eggs per female. For the F1 generation, however, the time from the third to the sixth instar was greatly shortened by 0.91 days, and the number of individuals per female was significantly reduced by 306 eggs. Moreover, we also found that the mRNA expression of the developmental stage related EcR, USP, JHAMT, Vg, CYP306A1 and CYP307A1 genes were significantly decreased in the F0 generation of treated cohort, except CYP18A1. The mRNA expression of the EcR, USP, JHAMT, Vg, CYP18A1 and CYP315A1 were significantly decreased in the F1 generation of a treated cohort, whereas the mRNA expression of the CYP307A1 was significantly increased. The results indicated that a sublethal dose of broflanilide affects the reproduction and development of S. frugiperda, which may be accomplished by influencing the levels of juvenile and molting hormones.
A potential broad-spectrum live-attenuated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine derived from pangolin coronavirus and insights into the immune evasion mechanisms of XBB.1.16 variant
Authors: Song Lihua , Lu Shanshan , Luo Shengdong , Bai Bingke , Jiang Liangliang , Fan Zhenping , Wei Lai , Hai Luyang , Xu Wen , Mao Panyong , An Xiaoping , Fan Huahao , Chen Weiwei , Zhao Ping , Tong Yigang
Published: October 2023

Harnessing SARS-CoV-2 related viruses from wild animals for live vaccines is an underexplored but promising approach, akin to the vaccinia virus used against smallpox. This study evaluated the potential of a live-attenuated vaccine derived from the pangolin coronavirus GX_P2V. We observed that the attenuated mutant, GX_P2V(short_3UTR), conferred significant and long-lasting protection against SARS-CoV-2 in golden hamsters, particularly after two doses. Furthermore, we show that sera from vaccinated convalescents of SARS-CoV-2 variant XBB.1.16 exhibited high titers of neutralizing antibody against GX_P2V(short_3UTR), suggesting GX_P2V(short_3UTR) shares neutralizing epitopes with XBB.1.16. We also show that the same sera from convalescents of XBB.1.16 displayed significantly reduced titers against the XBB.1.16 variant itself, suggesting a decoy-like immune evasion strategy that high-level cross-neutralizing antibodies induced by highly immunogenic epitopes of XBB.1.16 may not be able to efficiently neutralize the virus itself. Our findings emphasize GX_P2V(short_3UTR)'s potential as a broad-spectrum SARS-CoV-2 live vaccine and shed light on novel immune evasion mechanisms of the XBB.1.16 variant.
Characterization and Application: Tri- parameter Strength Criterion for Rocks Based on Ultimate Stress Ratio
Authors: WANG Shao-Liang , Sun haixia , chen sili , wang guangyin
Published: October 2023

To precisely analyze the yield and failure laws of rock materials under complex stress states, a new multi-parameter strength criterion for rocks characterized ultimate stress ratio considering the effects of hydrostatic pressure and principal stress based on the du-τ2 strength theory is proposed. To verify the applicability and rationality, the test data of five rock materials under complex stress states and the H-B criterion are experimentally and theoretically compared with the criterion. The results show that the strength criterion has strong flexibility, and the shape of the yield curve in the π plane varies between ellipse and hyperbola, because the parameters are determined by the material's own ultimate stress ratios, and the Tresca criterion and Mises criterion is only a special case of this criterion; the principal stress space is approximately conical; the theoretical curve agrees better with the experimental data of various rock materials than the H-B criterion; the new theory is feasible and supplementary to the development of strength theories and has great theoretical significance and application value. 1. A new multi-parameter rock strength criterion was proposed, incorporating the influence of confining pressure and principal stresses, characterized by the limit stress ratio, demonstrating significant flexibility. 2. Through experimental data validation, this criterion exhibits better applicability in describing the yield and failure behavior of rock materials under complex stress conditions, proving to be more rational compared to the traditional H-B criterion. 3. This research provides a novel theoretical foundation for rock material strength theory, holding significant theoretical implications and practical value for applications in rock engineering and geology.