bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developing a parent material for breeding forage rye in conditions of Bashkortostan
Authors: Shakirzyanov Anvar , Nikonorova Ilyusya , Agafonova Viktoriya
Published: August 2020

Abstract. The aim of the research is to create source material for breeding forage rye that combines stable productivity over the years, high protein content in the grain, and low content of water-soluble pentosans. The object of research was winter rye. Research methods Research on these tasks was carried out in 2016–2018 in the conditions of the South-Western Urals using generally accepted methods. The predecessor is dead fallow. Soil is chernozem with a predominance of leached, typical and carbonate varieties with the following agrochemical indicators: humus content in the topsoil – 7–9 %, pH value – 7.2–7.6, total nitrogen in the arable layer of the soil – 0.4 %, mobile potassium and phosphorus (according to Machigin) – respectively 20.5 mg/100 g and 10.2 mg / 100 g of dry soil, calcium – 5.6 %. The recommended rate of mineral fertilizers is N60P60K60. Scientific novelty. For the first time, 3 promising winter rye varieties selected in the Bashkir scientific research Institute and 2 samples of the All-Union Research Institute of Plant Breeding were studied in climatic conditions of south-western Cis-Ural. The content of water-soluble polysaccharides (WSP) and the water extract viscosity (WEV) were evaluated. The breeding value of plants was studied. Results The main indicators of the nutritional quality of winter rye grain are found to depend on both the variety (genotype) and the influence of external conditions (phenotype). It was detected that the content of water-soluble polysaccharides and the dynamic viscosity of the grain meal water extract are in a linear relationship (r = 0.98). They are unstable indicators and have a variable character. There are two varieties (Kombaynnyay 3 i Krupnozernaya 2) with the lowest WSP and WEV values and a high protein content in the grain. They can serve as source material to develop fodder crops in conditions of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The rye WEV was found to increase significantly in dry years, and decrease in wet years. The comparative evaluation of grain crops showed that the WEV of winter rye exceeded that of winter wheat by 3.5 times, spring wheat by 3.7 times, and winter triticale by 3.1 times. It was found that the samples with lower WSP and WEV indicators had small grains, low grain unit and higher protein content.
O ATIVISMO JUDICIAL E O ESTADO DEMOCRÁTICO DE DIREITO, UM AZO DA (IN) SEGURANÇA JURÍDICA
Authors: Nogueira João Victor Fernandes , Braga Mirella de Almeida
Published: August 2020

O presente estudo tem por objetivo explanar a relação do Ativismo Judicial com o Estado Democrático de Direito, formato estatal moderno. Após a Constituição de 1988, o papel do magistrado tornou-se mais proativo, inclusive procedendo a demandas de teor político, o que representa deficiência dos demais Poderes. Além-mais, a atuação contemporânea da judicatura, fundamentada em textos de conceituação aberta, a que chamamos de principiologismo, implicou insegurança jurídica na prestação jurisdicional. Logo, o protagonismo do Poder Judiciário, decorrente também de um processo de mutação social - haja vista o Direito ser elemento constitutivo da sociedade –, tem gerado atritos com o Princípio da Separação de Poderes. Para tanto, vale-se de pesquisa bibliográfica exploratória, através de autores como Lenio Streck, Roberto Barroso e Montesquieu, de cunho descritivo, mediante abordagem dedutiva, baseada no silogismo aristotélico.
PROGRAMME NATIONAL DE POST-DOCTORAT: RECHERCHE INTERDISCIPLINAIRE EN GENTION ENVIRONNEMENTALE PARTAGÉE, CONNECTÉE À L’EXTENSION UNIVERSITAIRE
Authors: Furtado Gil Dutra
Published: August 2020

Le post-doctorat est une activité spécialisée en recherche universitaire, réalisée par des professionnels possédant déjà un doctorat et représentant une opportunité d’acquérir des connaissances solides dans un domaine en particulier. Au Brésil, l’une des opportunités postdoctorales les plus connues est proposée par la Coordination et l’Amélioration du Personnel de Niveau supérieur ou du Personnel Enseignant, appelée “Programa Nacional de Pós Doutorado” (PNPD/CAPES). Cette formation a été créée dans le cadre du ‘Programme Régional de Post-Graduation en Développement et Environnement’ de l’Université Fédérale de Paraíba (PRODEMA/UFPB, Brésil) qui assure l’encadrement et le suivi des rapports de masters, thèses doctorales, activités pédagogiques auxiliaires des cours de masters, en complément des activités développées avec des entreprises et des associations. Les connaissances acquises au cours de ce programme assurent une meilleure qualification professionnelle, permettant ainsi de développer des postes pertinents, avec des tâches et des responsabilités inhérentes à un professionnel avec un doctorat.
Pengembangan Karir dan Iklim Organisasi terhadap Komitmen Karyawan (Studi Kasus pada Bank Daerah Syariah)
Authors: Waruwu Fotuho , Pringgabayu Dematria
Published: August 2020

Human Resources (HR) is a very important part in PT Bank Daerah Syariah, so that it is expected that there is an ideal and sufficient working period to optimize employee careers and increase employee commitment to the company, considering the products produced by the company are products used to facilitate the state apparatus work system and service to the wider community.This study aims to determine the effect of variable Career Development and Organizational Climate on the commitment of Employees in PT Bank Daerah Syariah. The method used in this study is a research mix method, which is a step of research by combining two forms of approach in research that is quantitative and qualitative. The population in this study were all employees in the Bank Daerah Syariah (BDS) as many as 53 employeesThe results showed that the career development variable (X1) and also the Organizational Climate (X2) had a positive and significant effect on the variable Employee Commitment (Y). The conclusion of the research shows that to increase the commitment of employees in PT Bank Daerah Syariah, the company needs to improve the existing career development system and maintain the organizational climate so that it remains conducive for all employees.
Manajemen Stratejik Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi untuk Peningkatan Mutu Pembelajaran SMK Ciledug Al Musaddadiyah dan SMKN 1 Garut
Authors: Partono Partono
Published: August 2020

So far, in implementing school strategies, they tend not to utilize Information and Communication Technology (ICT), despite the availability of ICT resources available. Stages of strategic management are needed to generate the vision, mission, objectives, policy, program, budget, and procedures as well as control and evaluation process as an effort to utilize ICT to improve school quality. Based on the interpretation and the results of the study, it is concluded that schools have organized stages in strategic management that enable schools to have a quality profile. The impact of effective utilization of ICTs for schools is the achievement of effective school management, as per the National Education Standards, which is characterized by effective planning, implementation, control, and evaluation of school ICTs.The purpose of this study is to get a general description, describe, and reveal the Strategic Management of Information and Communication Technology Utilization to Improve the Quality of School Learning in Ciledug Al Musaddadiyah Vocational High School and Garut 1 Vocational High School, both on environmental analysis, strategic formulation, implementation and strategic evaluation. The research method used in this research is the case study method, because the problems studied occur in the place and situation of Ciledug Al Musaddadiyah Vocational School and Vocational High School 1 Garut. The use of case study models in this study is based on the consideration that to provide an overview of the strategic management activities of the use of ICTs carried out at vocational high schools with the ultimate goal of being able to improve the quality of school learning. Based on observations in the field of SMK 1 Garut and SMK Al Musaddadiyah Ciledug Garut is one of the public schools and private schools that have these advantages.
ВПЛИВ ГУСТОТИ РЕШІТКИ НА АЕРОДИНАМІЧНУ НАВАНТАЖЕНІСТЬ РОБОЧОГО КОЛЕСА ОСЬОВОГО ВЕНТИЛЯТОРА
Authors: Дорошенко Екатерина Викторовна , Хижняк Михаил Владимирович , Терещенко Юрий Матвеевич
Published: August 2020

The main requirements that apply to axial fans and axial compressors of aircraft gas turbine engines include minimum dimensions and weight; high aerodynamic load; high coefficient of performance; wide range of steady work; high reliability. For gas turbine engines, the requirements of minimum weight and dimensions are especially important, since the engines must provide flights at high velocities and altitudes. This study aims to assess the effect of the solidity of the impeller fan on the average radius on the aerodynamic loading of the impeller of an axial fan for an engine with a high bypass ratio. The object of the study is the impeller of the fan. The solidity of the impeller fan on the average radius varied in the range from 1.8 to 0.82, the number of blades of the impeller fan varied from 33 to 15, respectively. The studies in this work were carried out by the method of numerical experiment. The flow in the axial fans was simulated by solving the system of Navier-Stokes equations, which were closed by the SST turbulent viscosity model. Based on the analysis of the results of the study, an assessment is made of the influence of the solidity of the impeller fan at an average radius on the aerodynamic loading of the impeller of an axial fan for an engine with a high bypass ratio. The research results showed that with a decrease in the solidity of the impeller fan at an average radius of 1.8 to 0.82 in operating modes with an axial inlet velocity of 80 to 120 m / s, the impeller fan pressure ratio decreases by 0.11 ... 3.2 %. The maximum decrease in the fan pressure ratio increase for the fan impeller with the parameters studied is 3.2 %, with a decrease in the number of fan blades from 33 to 15, while the total weight of the blades decreases by 54.55 %. The decrease in the solidity on the average radius of the impeller of the studied fan leads to a decrease in the relative sizes of the low-velocity zones at the sleeve and on the periphery and to a decrease in the level of flow unevenness. A further reduction in the level of flow non-uniformity behind the fan is possible when using the boundary layer control in the fan - this is the task of subsequent studies.
АЛГОРИТМЫ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ УГЛОВЫМ ДВИЖЕНИЕМ КОРОМЫСЛА С ВИНТОВЫМИ ЭЛЕКТРОПРИВОДАМИ
Authors: Кулик Анатолий Степанович , Дергачев Константин Юрьевич , Пасичник Сергей Николаевич , Немшилов Юрий Александрович
Published: August 2020

The subject of study in the article is the process of forming algorithms for controlling the angular motion of the rocker with a screw electric actuator. The purpose is to develop approaches to the formation of algorithms for controlling the angular motion of the rocker with a screw electric actuator as the automatic control object. Tasks: to specify the synthesis process of the state control algorithm for a linear mathematical description of the automatic control object in the state space according to the minimum criterion of the integral from the weighted error module. To form the block diagram of the automatic control system by the state. To improve the approach to the development of algorithms for controlling automatic control objects by output for mathematical description in the frequency domain. To illustrate the features of the approach on the specific example of automatic control object represented by transfer functions in terms of references and disturbances. To develop the simulation scheme in Simulink and study the reactions to stepwise references and disturbances. To develop the approach to the formation of control algorithms for the diagnosis of the rocker as the automatic control object. To describe the procedure and means of deep diagnosis of emergency situations of the automatic control object. To develop means of recovery the automatic control object. The methods used are the state space method, transfer function method, integral optimality criteria, methods of diagnosing, and recovering. The following results were obtained: approaches to the formation of algorithms for controlling the angular motion of the rocker with a screw electric actuator using linear mathematical descriptions in time and frequency domains were formed. Conclusions. The scientific novelty lies in the formation of approaches to the development of algorithms for controlling the angular position of the rocker with a screw electric actuator which differs from the known accounting the structural and functional features of the automatic control object.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКОГО ФАКТОРА НА ПРОЦЕСС ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЯ, ВЫЯВЛЯЕМОЕ ПРИ НОРМОКОНТРОЛЕ КОНСТРУКТОРСКОЙ ДОКУМЕНТАЦИИ
Authors: Кокотина Виктория Викторовна , Степаненко Сергей Михайлович , Харченко Виталий Григорьевич
Published: August 2020

The role of the “human factor” in aviation is considered primarily as the most important condition affecting the level and state of flight safety of any kind of aircraft. The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) defines the “human factor” as a priority in the field of flight safety. Reliability and safety of flights are influenced by the quality of preparation of aviation equipment for flight, the quality of manufacturing, assembly, acceptance and preflight tests, the quality of the design of aircraft, engines, the quality of the development of drawings, related technical and operational documentation. It is noted that in any activity the “human factor” is manifested by errors, oversights, and omissions, or miscalculations that a person makes while carrying out his work. In the theory of the “man-machine” relationship, a system is proposed for evaluating the production preparedness and skill of specialists (and in particular, designers) in different operating modes, based on concepts such as “Skill”, “Rule”, “Knowledge". The influence of the “human factor” on the design process is evaluated according to the results of the normative control of design documentation (CD). Conducting normative control of the design documentation is aimed at identifying errors associated with non-compliance with the norms and requirements established by the standards in the developed products; failure to comply with requirements for standardization and unification levels; failure to comply with the requirements for the rational use of restrictive nomenclatures of standardized products, design standards, grades of materials, profiles and sizes of rolled products, etc. The frequency of the repetition of the same errors detected during standard control is analyzed, and the need for periodic repetition of the knowledge of designers is shown. It is noted that the availability of electronic databases, which can be used by computer designers and developers through the computer network of the enterprise and all the specialists who coordinate it, significantly affects the “human factor” in the design process.
МОНИТОРИНГ ВНУТРЕННЕЙ СРЕДЫ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ-РАЗРАБОТЧИКА АВИАЦИОННОЙ ТЕХНИКИ, СОГЛАСНО ТРЕБОВАНИЯМ СТАНДАРТА EN 9100
Authors: Маринина Анна Николаевна , Степаненко Сергей Михайлович , Харченко Виталий Григорьевич
Published: August 2020

We consider the requirement of the standard EN 9100: 2018 to analyze the enterprise context, which allows realizing the opportunities arising from the context and anticipate possible risks, taking into account the strengths and weaknesses of the enterprise quality management system. The criteria for identifying influencing factors are their relationship with the goals of the enterprise and relationships with stakeholders. As an effective mechanism for monitoring the current state of the business environment (context) of an enterprise, a SWOT analysis can be used that provides the necessary information about the opportunities and sources of improvement, the degree of probable threats, and possible consequences of alternative development strategies. As an example, we consider the components of the internal environment of an aviation engineering company as sources of strengths or weaknesses of the quality management system, and as sources of opportunities or threats (risks). The strengths and weaknesses of environmental factors are analyzed. An indicator of the degree of influence of each factor is determined. The significance of each factor is assessed from the standpoint of the opportunities or threats (risks) present in it, and the probability of occurrence of events associated with each of the factors that provide opportunities or carry threats is also assessed. The mutual influence of the considered factors is presented in the form of a directed graph. The results of the analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of the enterprise, based on the degree of their influence on each other. The analysis of opportunities and threats. An assessment of their significance and the likelihood of occurrence of events associated with them. In order to visually determine how the strengths and weaknesses of the internal environment affect the realization of opportunities and the neutralization of threats, a vector of the development direction of the organization associated with the current state of the internal environment is constructed in the coordinates of the SWOT analysis matrix. It is concluded that SWOT analysis can be an effective mechanism for monitoring the current state of the business environment (context) of an enterprise. The SWOT analysis provides the necessary information about the opportunities and sources of improvement, the degree of probable threats, and possible consequences of alternative development strategies.
РЫНОК И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ЛЕГКИХ ВЕРТОЛЕТОВ С ГАЗОТУРБИННЫМИ ДВИГАТЕЛЯМИ
Authors: Нерубасский Вадим Владимирович
Published: August 2020

In the introductory part of the article, it is provided brief information about the main activity of JSC “Element”- developer and manufacturer of electronic control systems for aircraft engines, in particular unit RDTs-450M for AI-450M helicopter turboshaft gas turbine engines, created by SE “Ivchenko-Progress”. JSC ”Element”, together with its partners - SE “Ivchenko-Progress” and  JSC “Motor-Sich” – for more than 10 years involved in the modernization of Mi-2 light helicopter.In the next section is gave the classification of helicopters, as well as a segment of light helicopters with turbine engines. It is outlined the scope of light helicopters. It is noted that the segment of light helicopters with turbine engines – the most popular in the world market of civil helicopters and provides a forecast of the supply of these helicopters for the next 10 years.Lists the world's major developers and manufacturers of light helicopters, and the technical characteristics of 12 models of light helicopters with turbine engines are depicted. It is noted that most helicopter models are not entirely new developments and have been modernized over many years. The characteristic design features of light helicopters with turbine engines, especially the layout of plant and equipment are depicted. There is a trend of using one model of helicopter multiple engine types.Lists the world's major developers and manufacturers of engines for light helicopters, as well as the technical characteristics of the six models of gas turbine engines are depicted. The main structural and compositional features of gas-turbine engines of different manufacturers and types of a helicopter on which they installed are described. Separately, brief information about the Ukrainian gas-turbine engines: AI-450M and MS-500V. It is noted that all, without exception, mentioned in the article, engines are equipped with a digital single or dual-channel FADEC type control system with hydro-mechanical redundancy.Brief information about individual conceptual samples of rotary-wing technology introduced in recent years is given. The main directions of work in the field of helicopter engines are described.In conclusion, the Ukrainian helicopter and Aero-engine industry are in a difficult economic situation, but remain competitive and require assistance and the expansion of the market.
О КОРПОРАТИВНОЙ СИСТЕМЕ НОРМАТИВНЫХ ДОКУМЕНТОВ В ИНТЕРЕСАХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ И ОРГАНИЗАЦИЙ АВИАЦИОННОЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ УКРАИНЫ
Authors: Кривов Георгий Алексеевич , Кравченко Игорь Федорович , Степаненко Сергей Михайлович , Шулепов Виктор Николаевич , Кайнов Михаил Николаевич , Атанасова Анастасия Александровна
Published: August 2020

To solve the problems of regulatory support of enterprises and aircraft manufacturing enterprises of Ukraine, it is advisable to implement corporate standardization and create a unified corporative system of regulatory documents (RDCS). Corporate standardization can ensure the transition of all aircraft manufacturing enterprises and organizations from using the former USSR system of state and industry standards to their system of standards, codes of practice, and other regulatory documents. Of the total number of regulatory documents currently in use, about 65% are industry-level standards and, according to the Law of Ukraine “On Standardization,” should be canceled by the end of 2029. To carry out RDCS creation work, a Working Group was formed at the initiative of some aircraft industries. The general decision of the enterprises and organizations, the RDCS founders, defines the Head Organization for Corporate Standardization (GOS) in the interests of enterprises and organizations of the aviation industry of Ukraine. The development of regulatory documents for the RDCS is planned by the Corporate Standardization Program and annual plans. To create and maintain a catalog of corporative regulatory documents and subscription services to the participants of the RDCS, the creation of a special Fund is planned. Fundamental decisions regarding the RDCS will be taken at the annual general meetings of heads of enterprises and organizations included in the RDCS. The practical RDCS creation work started with the formation of arrays of existing regulatory documents planned for revision as corporate documents. To determine the regulatory documents, which should, first of all, acquire the status of corporate documents, the arrays of valid documents generated by enterprises are processed using the overlay, summation, and sector-specific (based on industry criteria) methods. The article discusses the designation structure of corporative regulatory documents. The decision on the adoption and entry into force of corporative regulatory documents is taken by the participants of the RDCS.
CREATION OF AFTERBURNING TURBOFAN ENGINE – HISTORY AND PRESENT
Authors: Gerasimenko Volodymyr , Datsenko Vadym , Shevchenko Mikhail
Published: August 2020

The main problems of the creation of afterburning turbofan engines, among which the irremovable surge of the compressor, is disclosed by historical analysis. According to the published models, such surge is a hydrodynamic instability in the form of rotating stall mutual transitions to surge with the primary cause of instability in the form of stall or vibration combustion in the afterburner. The Pratt & Whitney F100 serial engine, which based on TF30 is one of the first in which the irremovable surge was detected. As a result, several planes F-15 crashed, so far as the compressor could not be restored to a stable state without stopping and restarting the engine. Dissection of the problem with this phenomenon led to the conclusion that this irremovable surge problem was generated by the engine design. To eliminate it, the company had to refine several systems, such as an electronic engine control system, fuel supply of the afterburner along with the nozzle locations, firing belt, combustion stabilization, an extension of flow separation along the contours, etc. According to the analysis of publications, particular difficulties arose with the recoverable unsurge operation of such engines. It is noteworthy that today, the F-135-PW100 engines have been installed on the F-35 aircraft, the predecessors of which are the F-100 engines with the same problems. The results of experimental studies of a fan are presented in the article to deepen in the stall flow mechanism and the occurrence of rotating stall of the fan blades. The perturbations from vibrational combustion in the afterburner combustion chamber to the fan stall boundary in the afterburning turbofan engine system at bench conditions were simulated by independent throttling of the duct over a wide range of the bypass ratio. Numerous monographs and publications according to vibrational combustion, in particular in afterburner combustion chambers TRDF AL-21F and TRDDF AL-31F, of A. M. Lulka, confirm the possibility of the propagation of perturbations against the flow in the bypass duct and the impossibility of their propagation through the turbines. The propagation of surge perturbations in the afterburning turbofan engine to the compressor of the internal duct behind the fan occurs through the interaction of the duct.  The more reliable way to prevent emergencies is to provide stability margin area of compressors. Estimation of the pre-stall state of the flow traditionally is carried out by the diffusivity factor of Lieblein FD, which is applicable in 2D calculations. The integral variational principle of nonequilibrium thermodynamics of the “maximum flow of mechanical energy” of V. N. Yershov was applied.
АНАЛИЗ ПОГРЕШНОСТЕЙ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОГО ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ДИНАМИЧЕСКИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ТЕРМОПАРЫ В УСЛОВИЯХ ДВИГАТЕЛЯ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ СКАЧКООБРАЗНОГО ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯ
Authors: Епифанов Сергей Валерьевич , Цицзе Ли
Published: August 2020

The turbine inlet temperature is one of the major thermodynamic parameters that determine specific thrust and specific fuel consumption of the turbine engine. The gas temperature also influences the temperature of the engine parts, hence thermal stresses and the ability of materials to support static and cyclic loads. Therefore, the temperature limitation is one of the main tasks of the engine automatic control system. Because of a significant influence of the gas temperature on parameters of the working process, strength, and life-time of parts, the temperature must be limited with high precision.The paper is focused on dynamic parameters of the temperature measurement channel, which contains consequently linked engine, thermocouple, and the dynamic corrector. Errors of the corrector tuning, which mainly depend on the error of thermocouple time constant setting, cause dynamic errors in the temperature determining and the corresponding errors of automatic control. The paper considers the influence of the corrector tuning error on a dynamic error of the temperature determination. The equations are derived that relate the dynamic error with dynamic parameters of the engine and dynamic parameters of the temperature measurement channel. These equations can be used in the synthesis of this channel, which satisfies the set requirements to the temperature determining precision. The simplest case is considered when the thermocouple is represented as an inertial dynamic link, which single dynamic parameter is the time constant. Then the above-mentioned equations relate the thermocouple time constant with the error of temperature measurement and allow formulating requirements to a precision of its experimental determination.The final part of the paper considers the error of thermocouple time constant experimental determining. The relations are derived that allow analyzing this error under influence of such parameters as the measuring error, interval of observations, measuring frequency and dynamic properties of the engine and the thermocouple.
МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКАЯ МОДЕЛЬ ТОПЛИВНОГО НАСОСА-РЕГУЛЯТОРА ТУРБОВАЛЬНОГО ДВИГАТЕЛЯ ВЕРТОЛЕТА
Authors: Оганян Игорь Валериевич
Published: August 2020

This article discusses the relevance of creating a mathematical model of a hydromechanical fuel regulator as the main component of the parametric diagnostics method. To understand the processes occurring during the operation of the fuel regulator, this article provides a brief description of its operation. Based on the problems solved by the diagnostic methods and the features of the fuel regulator, the basic requirements for its mathematical model are formulated and the structure of this model is determined. Several assumptions are made (one-dimensional flow of the working fluid and its zero thermal conductivity), which make it possible to significantly simplify the structure of the model and the number of simulated parameters. The mathematical model consists of idealized elements with lumped parameters (such as pressure and flow rate of the working fluid), takes into account the compressibility of the working fluid, as well as the design features of the regulator (mechanical stops, complex profiled dosing windows of spools, relay-type switches). As an example, this article contains equations for the elements with lumped parameters, interconnected by hydraulic channels in one node. The compiled mathematical model is a system of differential-algebraic equations of the first index. To solve such a system, a special implicit solver is used. The calculation of the parameters of the mathematical model for static and transient operating modes of the fuel regulator has been made. The results of calculating the model parameters in various modes are compared with the requirements for these parameters set in the technical specifications for the simulated fuel regulator. The correspondence of the calculated parameters to the values specified in the technical documentation was ensured by the selection of input parameters (tightening of springs of elastic elements, area of throttling elements, etc.). From the results obtained, it was concluded that the model makes it possible to diagnose the technical state of the fuel regulator at the stages of adjustment during production and repair, as well as at the stage of its operation.
ВИБІР МОДЕЛЕЙ ДЛЯ АДАПТИВНОГО КЕРУВАННЯ НАДІЙНІСТЮ ПРОМИСЛОВОГО ОБЛАДНАННЯ «ЗА СТАНОМ»
Authors: Кіяновський Микола Володимирович , Цивінда Наталя Іванівна , Пікільняк Андрій Валерійович , Третяк Володимир Васильович
Published: August 2020

In materials of the resulted article methods are definite of estimation of the capacity of industrial equipment with the target of choice of the processes most suitable for research, on condition of authentication without the analysis of technical state and conclusion from exploitation, that will create the terms of adequacy in the decision of regulations and maintenance TOіR. The analysis is conducted of methods of a decision of capacity of industrial equipment with the target of choice of the processes most suitable for research of work of mountain and metallurgical equipment, on condition of authentication without the analysis of its technical state and without conclusion from exploitation shows that there can be such only functional methods. Of possibilities of the resulted methods orient comparison scientific search on implementation of researches on the method of the accumulated selection of summarizing parameter of a technical state as a sentinel function. Of researches providing is a target of terms of adaptive control of reliability and renewal of machinery of the mountain and metallurgical equipment based on the use of dynamic models of processes of loss of capacity. Also, a review is conducted of results of researches, concerning the prospect of the introduction of strategies of exploitation «on the state», that results in conclusion, that by the most effective path of the introduction of terms of adaptive process control of work and renewal of machinery of the mountain and metallurgical equipment is the use of dynamic models of reliability. Consonant to the analysis of all methods known in the modern science of decision of the put tasks in the world practice among tools and methods of control of the technical state of machine aggregates most effective to be a present method of control of violations of transmission functions of machinery under the action of bugs of making, editing, and exploitation, which develop in time. In the presented article lacks are removed of the strategy of exploitation on work, some so time in the programs TOіR probabilistic models were used of reliability of equipment, that was braked by the time application of terms of adequacy in the decision of regulations and maintenance TOіR by consideration of reasons of development of processes of degradation, their physical nature and types of bugs of equipment.
ПАРАМЕТРИЧЕСКАЯ ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИЯ И ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ ВЫСОКОТЕМПЕРАТУРНЫХ ТЕНЗОРЕЗИСТОРОВ
Authors: Гусев Юрий Алексеевич
Published: August 2020

The development of gas turbine engines (GTE) is inextricably linked with an increase in their main characteristics. In this case, the parameters of the working fluid (in particular, the temperature of the gas flow) and the intensity of loads on the structural elements increase. The strength reliability of highly heated GTE elements is a factor that determines the life of the engine as a whole. The most common cases of damage to GTE elements are caused by static and vibration stresses and mainly relate to the blades of gas turbines operating at temperatures up to 1200оС. Vibration stresses of individual GTE parts can be determined only experimentally during GTE testing and fine-tuning. Their values are determined at individual points of the surfaces of parts by the values of directly measured deformations. At present, the main means for determining the vibration deformations of GTE elements are resistance strain gauges. In the process of testing, the information generated by the strain gages makes it possible to determine not only the dynamic deformation but also the static and dynamic temperature of the blade at the place where the strain gauge is installed. A technique is proposed for the parametric identification of a high-temperature tensoresistor (HTTR), based on the representation of the analyzed HTTR and affecting its state, as some, in the general case, non-linear measuring system. The structural and mathematical models of HTTR are considered, in which both temperature and strain are simultaneously measured using a single sensor element. An original technique is proposed for studying the reliability of the results of HTTR parametric identification. It is proved that the ellipsoidal character of the level lines of residual function, as well as the absence of an extremum region together with the point nature of the minimum, indicate the practical identifiability of the tensometric system. The proposed technique allows a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the effect of shunting on the accuracy of HTTR readings. This technique can also be used to create new types of insulating materials intended for HTTR insulator substrates. This method presents a possibility of the measurement deformation and temperature of element thermal using single platinum-based tensometer sensor.
ТЕПЛОФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ И ТЕРМОЭРОЗИОННАЯ СТОЙКОСТЬ КЕРАМИЧЕСКОГО МАТЕРИАЛА НА ОСНОВЕ КАРБИДА БОРА
Authors: Евдокименко Юрий Игоревич , Гусарова Ирина Александровна , Фролов Геннадий Александрович , Кисель Вячеслав Михайлович , Бучаков Сергей Васильевич
Published: August 2020

A study of the thermophysical characteristics, heat resistance, and thermal erosion resistance of high-temperature structural ceramics (SC), which was developed at NTUU "I. Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute" under the supervision of Corresponding Member of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Professor P. I. Loboda was made. This high-temperature structural ceramics is intended for use in aerospace engineering, in particular - for the manufacture of aerodynamic surfaces of reusable hypersonic aircraft and heat-stressed elements of the gas-dynamic paths of their engines. The samples of B4C-SiC-B6Si ceramics of two compositions (No. 1 and No. 2) were studied, which differ in the mass content of the initial components. Temperature dependences of the specific heat and thermal conductivity of the spacecraft, radiation coefficient, heat resistance in an oxidizing environment, and the thermal erosion resistance in supersonic flow of combustion products of an air-kerosene fuel mixture were determined. The temperature dependence of the specific heat was determined using an IT-c-400 instrument (in the range of 40 °C - 440 °C) and by the calculation of the temperature dependences of the specific heat capacity of the system components following the Reno rule (up to 2100 °C). The temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity coefficient of the SC of composition No. 1 was determined by solving the inverse heat conduction problem on a computer model based on experimental data. Temperature fields and heat fluxes were obtained under conditions of one-sided heat-ing with a reducing flame of a propane-oxygen welding burner. The thermal conductivity coefficient of SC composition No. 1 increases from 11 W/(m×K) at 20 °С to 25 W/(m×K) at 1400 °С. Its radiation coefficient in the temperature range 1000 °С - 1400 °С is ε = 0.96 ± 0.02. Heat resistance of SC of both compositions in the oxidizing flame of an oxygen welding burner at a surface temperature of 1400 °C has demonstrated that after two hours of heating, the average values of mass ablation for the two tested samples of compositions №1 and № 2 respectively 2.1% and 1.4% (a sample thickness of 4 mm). Tests in the supersonic flow of combustion products at the same surface temperature confirm the high resistance of the material to thermoerosion in the oxidizing medium. The change in the morphology of the heated surface of the sample after six five-minute heating cycles was manifested only by an increase in its roughness without visible oxidation. High thermal conductivity, heat and thermoerosion resistance, radiation coefficient of the studied SC at a temperature of 1400 °C in combination with low density (2.7 g / cm3) make this high-temperature structural material of aerospace technology promising for use.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ПОКАЗНИКА ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ЕКСПЛУАТАЦІЇ ЗАСОБІВ ВИМІРЮВАЛЬНОЇ ТЕХНІКИ МЕТОДОМ КОМПʼЮТЕРНОГО МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ
Authors: Томашевський Олександр Володимирович , Сніжной Геннадій Валентинович
Published: August 2020

The operational efficiency of measuring equipment (ME) is important in determining the cost of maintaining ME. To characterize the operational efficiency of the ME, an efficiency indicator has been introduced, an increase of which will reduce costs caused by the release of defective products due to the use of ME with unreliable indications. Over time, the ME parameters change under the influence of external factors and the ME aging processes inevitably occur, as a result of which the parameters of the ME metrological service system change. Therefore, in the general case, the parameters of the metrological maintenance system of ME should be considered as random variables. Accordingly, the efficiency indicator of measuring instruments is also a random variable, for the determination of which it is advisable to apply the methods of mathematical statistics and computer simulation. The performance indicator depends on the parameters of the metrological maintenance ME system, such as the calibration interval, the time spent by the ME on metrological maintenance, and the likelihood of ME failure-free operation. As a random variable, the efficiency indicator has a certain distribution function. To determine the distribution function of the efficiency indicator and the corresponding statistical characteristics, a computer simulation method was used. A study was made of the influence on the indicator of the effectiveness of the parameters of the metrological maintenance system ME (interesting interval, the failure rate of ME). The value of the verification interval and the failure rate of MEs varied over a wide range typical of real production. The time spent by ME on metrological services is considered as a random variable with a normal distribution law. To obtain random numbers with a normal distribution law, the Box-Muller method is used. After modeling, the statistical processing of the obtained results was done. It is shown that in real production, the efficiency indicator has a normal distribution law and the value of the efficiency indicator with an increase in the calibration interval does not practically change.
A Brief Analysis of the Integration of Female Subjective Consciousness Education into the Ideological and Political Work in Colleges and Universities
Authors: Peng Qing , Zhu Wenxin
Published: August 2020

Female Subjective Consciousness Education is an important content in the ideological and political work in colleges and universities, and an organic part of College and University’s fundamental task of establishing morality and educating people. Clarifying the Female Subjective Consciousness Education in the ideological and political education in colleges and universities is conducive to the cultivation of builders and successors of the socialist cause who develop in morality, intelligence, body and aesthetics. This paper intends to sort out the current situation of the integration of female subject consciousness into ideological and political education in universities, analyze the significance of the integration, and put forward the countermeasures of the integration from following five aspects: Colleges and universities should adhere to the guidance of the basic principles of Marxism in its Ideological and political education work; Enrich and improve the ideological and political education system in colleges and universities; Strengthen the Female Subjective Consciousness Education among teachers; Promote the education of female subject consciousness in accordance with local conditions; Constantly radiating the signal of the Female Subjective Consciousness Education to the society.
Menanamkan Kemuhammadiyaan Pada Mahasiswa Non-Muslim Melalui Pendidikan Multikultural di Universitas Muhammadiyah Kupang
Authors: Syahrul Syahrul
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study was conducted to determine the emphasis of Muhammadiyah and cultural propaganda to non-Muslim students through multicultural education. The study uses a qualitative method and purposive sampling to select the subjects, namely non-Muslim students, lectures of multicultural education, and AIK. Data were collected through interviews, observation, file notes, and analyzed in one circle among data collection, categories, reading, memoing, description, classification, interpretation, and visualization. The result is (1) after applying four multicultural education approaches, such as contribution, additive, transformation, and social action approaches, the values of Muhammadiyah can be emphasized and do not undermine their non-Muslim religious. Furthermore, they realize that Muhammadiyah is an Islamic organization that is inclusive and pluralist. On the other hand, (2) cultural and lectures use community propaganda as a learning strategy to explain the values of Muhammadiyah to be accepted by non-Muslim students. AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penanaman kemuhammadiyahan dan dakwah kultural Muhammadiyah pada mahasiswa non-Muslim melalui pendidikan multikultural. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan penentuan subjek purposive sampling yang terdiri dari mahasiswa non-Muslim, dosen pendidikan multikultural, dan dosen AIK. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan catatan lapangan yang dianalisis dengan teknik lingkaran yang bergerak di antara pengumpulan data, pengorganisasian data, pembacaan, memoing, deskripsi, klasifikasi, penafsiran, penyajian dan visualisasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) setelah diterapkan empat pendekatan pendidikan multikultural, yaitu pendekatan kontribusi, aditif, tranformasi dan aksi sosial, maka nilai-nilai kemuhammadiyaan pada mahasiswa non-Muslim dapat ditumbuhkan dan tidak melunturkan keyakinan mereka terhadap agamanya. Selanjutnya mereka menyadari bahwa Muhammadiyah adalah sebuah organisasi Islam yang bersikap inklusif dan pluralis. Selain itu, (2) dakwah kultural dan komunitas digunakan oleh dosen sebagai strategi pembelajaran untuk menjelaskan nilai-nilai kemuhammadiyaan agar bisa diterima oleh mahasiswa non-Muslim.
Advocating Minority Religious Student Rights in Schools
Authors: Hayadin Hayadin
Published: August 2020

AbtractThis paper aimed to describe the existence of governmental regulation towards minority groups, especially towards minority religious students at schools in Indonesia. The research was a multi-cases study in any region, among which were: Ambon Moluccas, Denpasar Bali, Jakarta, Bekasi West Java, Manado North Sulawesi, Ende, and Pangkalpinang. The data dug from various informants such as religious education teachers at schools, parents, students, head schools, headboards of the school committee, as well as any relevant documents. The research findings showed that any public schools ruled by a religious organization, such as Islamic based religious organizations, Christian based religious organizations, and Catholic-based religious organizations, were not allowing and denied to serve minority religious students. Meanwhile, the public schools ruled by government tried to fulfill the religious education in accordance with the student religious and by the same religious teachers as the student religion. AbstrakTulisan ini membahas eksistensi kebijakan pemerintah terhadap kelompok minoritas, khususnya layanan pendidikan agama terhadap pelajar penganut agama minoritas pada sekolah di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus di beberapa daerah antara lain: Maluku, Denpasar, Jakarta, Bekasi, Manado, Ende, dan Pangkalpinang. Data digali dari berbagai informan seperti guru pendidikan agama di sekolah, orang tua siswa, peserta didik, kepala sekolah, komite sekolah, serta dokumen kebijakan pemerintah tentang layanan Pendidikan agama kepada peserta didik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hak peserta didik untuk memperoleh layanan pendidikan agama dan diajarkan oleh guru agama yang sama dengan agama siswa, sudah dilindungi oleh pemerintah melalui berbagai kebijakan. Pada sekolah umum berstatus swasta yang dikelola oleh organisasi keagamaan, tidak mengizinkan dan menolak melayani siswa agama minoritas. Sementara itu, sekolah negeri yang diatur oleh pemerintah berusaha untuk menyelenggarakan pendidikan agama sesuai dengan agama siswanya dan oleh guru yang sama dengan agama siswanya.
Saga (Adenanthera pavonina Linn) Seeds Milk As An Alternative Source Of Protein From Tree Species
Authors: Novia Dwitanti  , Batubara Ridwanti , Elisa Julianti  , Latifah Hanum  , Wulan Syahputri
Published: August 2020

Saga seeds derived from saga (Adenanthera pavonina Linn) trees belongs to the family Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Mimosaceae), have potential as a source of protein.  This research aims to obtain information about the potential of saga seeds milk as alternative milk based on processing and flavor enhancements.  The method of testing saga seeds milk protein using the determination of N-Total by the Semi-Micro Kjeldahl method. The consumer preference level test is carried out with a hedonic test in the form of assessment based on the color, aroma, and taste parameters.  The results of the saga seeds milk protein test results with the addition of 150 mL of water and cooking time for 10 minutes contain protein levels 1.19% ± 0.16.  Organoleptic test results showed that saga seeds milk with the addition of 200 mL of water, cooked for 10 minutes with strawberry flavor had the highest score with an average color of 3.72 ± 0.94, aroma 3.96 ± 0.90 and taste 3, 96 ± 0.90.