bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a GIS database and web service “Hazardous convective weather events on the territory of Central Federal district”
Authors: Shikhov Andrey , Abdullin Rinat , Chernokulsky Alexander , Azhigov Igor , Yarinich Yulia , Sprygin Alexander , Korenev Daniil
Published: November 2021

Hazardous convective weather events (HCWE), such as heavy rainfall, large hail, squalls and tornadoes, are one of the substantial sources of natural emergencies in Russia. The territory of the Central Federal District (CFD) is characterized by the highest population density in Russia. On the one hand, this leads to increased risks associated with HCWE, but on the other hand, it provides the possibilities for collecting the most detailed information on them (including the events missed by the observation network and reported based on damage assessment). In this study, we consider the structure and information content of the GIS database of HCWE for the territory of the CFD. The main advantage of the developed database comparing with existing analogues is its structure, which includes information on both the events themselves and their consequences, and the conditions of their occurrence. This includes, in particular, the characteristics of meso-scale convective systems (convective storms) based on the images from meteorological satellites and diagnostic variables characterizing the atmospheric environments according to the data from ERA-5 and CFS reanalysis systems. Also, the developed database is associated with previously published databases on tornadoes in Northern Eurasia and large-scale windthrow events in European Russia. At present, we compiled the data on more than 2,000 cases of HCWE in the CFD for the period 2001–2020, most of which were reported based on damage assessment. The open-source PostgreSQL DBMS is used to manage and edit the database. Open access to the database on the Internet is implemented through an online web map service available at http://convective-storms.psu.ru/.
Paleoclimatic analysis paleoglacial and permafrost-rock formations of the Munku-Sardyk mountain range (East Sayan)
Authors: Kitov Aleksandr , Kovalenko Sergey
Published: November 2021

The study of the nival-glacial objects of the Munku-Sardyk Range (East Sayan) as good long-term indicators of climate development has been going on for more than 100 years. In addition to the most studied glaciers of the Peretolchin glacier and second largest the Radde glacier, found various transitional glacial-permafrost formations permafrost-ice-rock formations and buried glaciers, which in the area were virtually un explored. One such object is a probably buried glacier (active rock glacier). It represents a rock-ice landslide array of fragmentation material with an ice core (up to 20 m), 660 m long, 150–250 m wide and a total thickness of about 25 m (according to geo-radar research), with a height difference of 1810–2030 m above sea level, overgrown with “drunk” woods. It probably formed 5500–4300 years ago, at the same time as the modern glaciers of Peretolchin and Rudde. According to the genetic classification of A.A. Galanin, it corresponds to the kar tongue rock glaciers. According to the classification of Altai glaciologists, this object corresponds to rock-ice complexes. Because of the constant flow movement, at the exit to the Beliy Irkut river, it ends with a “living” scree, dangerous for passing tourists. There may also be a catastrophic descent of the breakage material into the riverbed with the consequences of the temporary overlap of the main channel. The study of such formations has an independent interest as a self-organized geosystem of long-term development.
STUDY OF THE METHOD OF INFORMATION TRANSFER TO LED MATRIX ACCORDING TO THE MODBUS PROTOCOL
Authors: Novoselov Sergiy , Tesliuk Serhii
Published: November 2021

Abstract This paper provides an example of using the ModBus industrial protocol to control an LED information board. The developed device can be used in a laboratory workshop to study the work with industrial protocols. Keywords: industrial networks, Modbus, Run string, Arduino, Protocol, Automated Module.
MIDDLE EAST COUNTRIES IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY: CURRENT DEVELOPMENT TRENDS AND SECURITY ISSUES
Authors: Ivashchuk Iryna , Zastavny Andriy
Published: November 2021

The subject of the study is the economic development and security space of the Middle East.
The aim of the article is to identify the peculiarities of the development of the Middle East in the global economy and to identify conflict issues that destabilize the region and deepen instability.
Methodology (method). To achieve the goal and solve the outlined tasks in the research process used general and special methods: historical-logical, analysis and synthesis, generalization and quantitative comparison, visual (tabular and graphical) (to visualize the results of the study).
Results. The importance of development and stability of the Middle East region for the global economy is substantiated. The structural structure of the Middle East region is determined and the historical preconditions of its formation are detailed. The tendencies to geopolitical transformation of the region are confirmed. The main challenges for development and stability in the Middle East have been identified, including local conflicts, the growth of terrorist acts, and ethnic problems. Emphasis is placed on the Kurdish issue, which periodically becomes acute and unresolved. Local conflicts that destabilize the region, as almost all countries have sufficient resources to confront, are analyzed. It is confirmed that the countries of the region are increasing their military potential to ensure their interests. The countries of the Middle East are identified by the level of human development. It is confirmed that the conflict areas of the region are negative for human development in the countries, and the progress made is slowing down. It is established that the world economy also depends on changes in the economic and political situation in the region, due to trade wars between countries, the application of sanctions. As an example, the restrictions on US foreign trade policy against Iran and the practice of sanctions are considered. The growing role of the countries of the study region in the global economy, which is determined by the presence of deposits of natural resources, in particular, oil, has been confirmed. The regional distribution of world oil reserves and its production is analyzed. The impact of OPEC's daily oil production restrictions on the COVID-19 pandemic on the Gulf economy has been elucidated. Measures to be taken by Middle Eastern countries to support economic development and security policy in the region are proposed.
Stres dengan Hiperemesis Gravidarum Pada Ibu Hamil
Authors: Susanti Ni Made Dewi , Lainsamputty Ferdy , Ilestari Veni
Published: November 2021

Pendahuluan; Hiperemesis gravidarum merupakan mual dan muntah secara berlebih yang terjadi selama masa kehamilan dan salah satu penyebabnya adalah stres. Stres merupakan bentuk psikologik yang berperan penting pada gejala hiperemesis gravidarum. Tujuan; menganalisis hubungan stres dengan hiperemesis gravidarum. Metode; Penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Kuesioner yang digunakan yaitu Depression Anxiety Stres Scale (DASS 42). Statistik deskriptif dan analisa bivariat (Mann-Whitney) digunakan untuk mencari hubungan antar variabel. Hasil; menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara stres dengan hiperemesis gravidarum dengan nilai p-value 0,001 atau <0,05. Kesimpulan; Ibu hamil yang mengalami hiperemesis gravidarum mempunyai stres yang lebih parah
Sistem Fleet Management Distribusi Menggunakan Metode Saving Matrix
Authors: Hafsari Lidya Siti , Pudjiantoro Tacbir Hendro , Santikarama Irma
Published: November 2021

Distribution is the activity of distributing goods from producers to consumers. Companies are obliged to optimize distribution so that they can easily compete with other companies, this can be done by optimizing the fleet. Each fleet must obtain information including the distance traveled, objectives achieved, periodic maintenance and service planning. PT Kino has 30 fleets, there is a problem where the estimated delivery time cannot be monitored because the company does not have a route plan in each shipment, this results in route optimization with the layout of goods in an unstructured fleet, from these problems the company does not have schedule reports and route planning data optimal for the achievement of the company. Another problem is that it is difficult for companies to monitor the fleet during the delivery of goods, this is because the ongoing process is still carried out in a minimalist manner which results in different reporting data between the customer and the delivery bag. The solution to overcome this problem was created a Fleet Management System using the concept of the Saving Matrix used to determine the distance and route of goods delivery from the company to consumers in order for the delivery of goods to be carried out in an effective and efficient manner. The software development method used is the waterfall. The results of this study are in the form of a system that has outputs including displaying route recommendations and monthly or yearly distribution schedule reports. After building the system, the user acceptance test was carried out with a result of 83.95% of the 41 test cases conducted by 6 actors.
Pemetaan Sebaran Domisili Mahasiswa Menggunakan Leaflet Maps Pada Sistem Informasi Eksekutif
Authors: Rizal Randi , Sumaryana Yusuf
Published: November 2021

One of the problems at the university level is the unmapped data of students so that executives on campus have difficulty in recompiling the data on the distribution of the student's domicile. In order for the executive to get supporting data in determining decisions so that promotion of university introduction can be spread to various regions, an information system for disseminating student data based on their domicile is needed. This research has implemented a leaflet map with the Extreme Programming (XP) system development method to visualize the student domicile map in the executive information system. In the previous study, only a node or point in the visualization of the distribution of student data, the researcher used a leaflet map because it was more visualizing with a color graphic showing the amount of data distribution.
Sistem Keamanan Sepeda Motor Menggunakan GPS Dan Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Berbasis Arduino
Authors: Simanjuntak Herwin , Pramudita Rully , Safitri Nadya
Published: November 2021

Abstract- At this time motorcycle theft cases are still often occur plus the increasing use of motorcycle vehicles, motorcycle theft is caused by the lack of a security system on the ignition which only uses keys and key covers, where security systems like this have been understood mostly motorcycle thieves, the necessity of a motorcycle safety system is needed. To overcome this, a Motorcycle Safety System was made using Arduno-based GPS and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) to prevent and facilitate the recovery of stolen motor vehicles. The results of this study, the system is made using the Global Positioning System (GPS) as a tool to detect the location of motorcycles, and smart key contacts are added using RFID, SMS gateway and DC-DC Converter.
Analisis Cluster Hasil Uji Kompetensi Lembaga Sertifikasi Profesi (LSP) Melalui Teknologi Data Mining
Authors: Dana Raditya Danar , Faqih Ahmad
Published: November 2021

The implementation of the Competency Test at the LSP institution in higher education is an effort to ensure that students have abilities in certain fields according to predetermined competency standards. Education providers are required to always strive to improve the quality and quality of education with the aim that the student's academic performance will always improve. From the results of observations made in the research location, it was found a problem with the high number of failures in the implementation of the competency test. This study aims to conduct cluster analysis of the data resulting from the implementation of competency tests with the Data Mining approach through several stages in the form of data collection, data cleaning, data transformation, data modeling and data evaluation. This study resulted in grouping the results of competency tests which were divided into 3 clusters, namely cluster 1 as much as 38%, cluster 2 as much as 32% and cluster 3 as much as 30%..
Deep Reinforcement Learning for the Computation Offloading in MIMO-based Edge Computing
Authors: Sadiki Abdeladim , Bentahar Jamal , Dssouli Rachida , En-Nouaary Abdeslam
Published: November 2021

Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) has recently emerged as a potential technology to serve the needs of mobile devices (MDs) in 5G and 6G cellular networks. By offloading tasks to high-performance servers installed at the edge of the wireless networks, resource-limited MDs can cope with the proliferation of the recent computationally-intensive applications. In this paper, we study the computation offloading problem in a massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)-based MEC system where the base stations are equipped with a large number of antennas. Our objective is to minimize the power consumption and offloading delay at the MDs under the stochastic system environment. To this end, we formulate the problem as a Markov Decision Process (MDP) and propose two Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) strategies to learn the optimal offloading policy without any prior knowledge of the environment dynamics. First, a Deep Q-Network (DQN) strategy to solve the curse of the state space explosion is analyzed. Then, a more general Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) strategy to solve the problem of discrete action space is introduced. Simulation results show that the proposed DRL-based strategies outperform the baseline and state-of-the-art algorithms. Moreover, our PPO algorithm exhibits stable performance and efficient offloading results compared to the benchmark DQN strategy.
Distributed Optimization-based Electric Vehicle Charging and Discharging in Unbalanced Distribution Grids
Authors: Nimalsiri Nanduni , Ratnam Elizabeth , Smith David , Mediwaththe Chathurika , Halgamuge Saman
Published: November 2021

Numerical simulations are carried out on the IEEE 13 node test feeder.
IMPLEMENTASI PENDIDIKAN MULTIKULTURAL DALAM MEMBENTUK KARAKTER PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Zamathoriq Defan
Published: November 2021

Terwujudnya pendidikan multikultural tidak hanya siswa mendapatkan materi di sekolah, tetapi siswa juga perlu dapat mengalami praktik multikultural secara langsung. Dengan demikian, guru, kepala sekolah, staf sekolah, karyawan harus mampu menciptakan suasana multikultural di lingkungan sekolah. Dan, pendidikan multikultural seharusnya tidak hanya diperoleh pada pendidikan formal, tetapi pendidikan nonformal dan pendidikan informal juga harus menerapkan sistem multikultural. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan dimana data diambil dari buku, jurnal, yang relevan dengan tema. Penelitian ini menghasilkan internalisasi pendidikan multikultural pada aspek integral pada mata pelajaran siswa. Nilai yang diinternalisasikan harus mengandung unsur toleransi dan tidak saling menghina agar masyarakat bisa saling menghargai satu dengan yang lainnya.
Eksistensi Nilai Sosial Budaya Ndeu Paki Oi Mbaru Pada Masyarakat Donggo Kabupaten Bima
Authors: Sumitro Sumitro , Oruh Shermina , Agustang Andi
Published: November 2021

This study aims to determine the existence of the social value of the ndeu paki oi mbaru community of donggo, bima regency. this research is a qualitative descriptive research that aims to explain a situation or reality carefully and in accordance with the circumstances in society. the subjects in this research can be selected by purposive sampling, namely by determining the informants who have competence and know a problem to be studied. the number of informants in this study were 20 people. the informants who were targeted in this study were community members who were married, those who were not married, and those who were about to get married. an urgent problem in this research is the fading identity of the paki oi mbaru ceremony, currently in the donggo traditional wedding ceremony, the donggo community has rarely carried out the ceremony before the marriage contract. from this phenomenon, researchers will study the existence of the paki oi mbaru ceremony in the donggo community, bima regency. The results showed that the paki oi mbaru ceremony was rarely practiced by the donggo community, bima regency. the causes of the disappearance of the ndeu paki oi mbaru ceremony in the donggo community are as follows; 1. the internal factor of the community itself because it does not attach importance to tradition and culture from generation to generation and there is an assumption that when carrying out traditions it only costs a lot of money and wastes a lot of time. 2. external factors, namely contact with other cultures, such as cultural acculturation, the influence of mass media and modernization. The conclusion of this study is that the ndeu paki oi mbaru ceremony is no longer carried out by the donggo community in general, except that only certain people still carry it out and even then only a few of the existing donggo community.
Efektifitas Media Video Pembelajaran Matematika Pada Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (Daring) Di Masa Pandemi Di STKIP Harapan Bima
Authors: Salahuddin Muhammad , Yamin Muhammad
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan konstruktif dengan jenis penelitian kuasi eksperimen. Metode pengembangan mengadopsi hasil penelitian Kuntarto, sedangkan rancangan pengembangan mengadopsi teori Creswell. Metode pengembangan dirancang berdasarkan kriteria OLM. Desain pembelajaran disusun dalam bentuk interaktif yang memungkinkan kegiatan belajar dapat dilaksanakan tanpa tatap-muka antara dosen dan mahasiswa; dapat dilakukan kapan saja; dan di mana saja sepanjang tersedia koneksi internet. Demi menjaga validitas dan reliabilitas temuan maka dilakukan dua uji, yakni normalitas dan homogenitas. Uji normalitas data dilakukan dengan menggunakan statistis, yakni uji U-Mann Whitney dengan signifikansi sebesar 5%. Uji homogenitas dilakukan dengan bantuan program SPSS. Pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, angket, dan kuesioner. teknis angket dan kuesioner digunakan untuk mengungkapkan kesan dan penilaian mahasiswa terhadap jenis medsos dan tanggapan terhadap rancangan model pembelajaran daring yang disusun. Semua instrumen penelitian yang digunakan telah melalui uji validitas
Pengaruh Pembelajaran Daring Mahasiswa Dimasa Covid 19 Dalam Tugas Mempelajari Dan Menghafal Ayat-Ayat Alquran
Authors: Hasan Bashori , Habib Muhammad , Utami Cindy Mutiara , Andani Devania Agelita
Published: November 2021

Pandemi Covid 19 menyebar sejak akhir tahun 2019 hingga kini di beberapa wilayah dengan kasus yang berbeda, terhitung 193 negara berjuang dengan keras untuk melawan covid yang tidak pandang bulu. Wuhan adalah salah satu kota di China sebagai tempat pertama kali virus ditemukan, sebelum virus ini lalu berstatus pandemi. Tentu sangat berpengaruh terhadap sosial ekonomi, khususnya bidang pendidikan, pelaksanaan sistem pembelajaran pada satuan pendidikan mengalami perubahan bentuk operasional  yaitu intruksi social distancing, hingga berujung pada himbauan lockdown , sehingga model pembelajaran hampir di seluruh Indonesia dengan Model daring mulai daari lembaga pendidikan hingga Instansi Pemerintah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode diskrptif kualitatif karena jauh lebih subyektif dalam pembelajaran daring di Universitas Duta Bangsa Surakarta yang diputuskan pembeljaran dari rumah. Subyek terdiri dari 2 dosen dan 2 mahasiswa Universitas Duta Bangsa Surakarta. Dengan aplikasi E-Learning UDB, Zoom, Google Meet, Whatsap, vidio call email dll, walaupun terdapat beberapa kendala diantaranya, sinyal internet, kuota , serta tidak bisa bertanya kepada dosen dengan leluasa.
THE IMPACT OF COMMUNITY BEHAVIOR ON THE PREVENTION OF CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 19 TRANSMISSION : LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Apt. Alfianita
Published: November 2021

Sejak awal tahun 2020, Indonesia bahkan dunia telah disibukkan dengan adanya wabah virus baru yang menjadi pandemik saat ini yaitu Coronavirus Disease 19. Angka kasusnya senantiasa menunjukkan angka yang terus bertambah. Segala bentuk upaya penanganan dan pencegahan telah dilakukan baik oleh pemerintah dengan membuat kebijakan maupun oleh masyarakat dengan mentaati protokol kesehatan. Akan tetapi perilaku masyarakat yang justru sebagai garda terdepan dalam memutus mata rantai penularan virus ini dianggap belum optimal dalam pencegahan penularan, dibuktikan dengan masih bertambahnya angka kasus baru setiap hari. Penulis tertarik untuk melakukan review terhadap artikel yang telah terbit yang menyatakan bahwa perilaku masyarakat dalam mematuhi protokol kesehatan memberikan dampak terhadap pencegahan penularan Covid-19. Metode yang digunakan adalah literature review dengan mengumpulkan artikel sesuai yang didapat dari database Proquest dan ScienceDirect pada tahun 2020. Hasil review ini menunjukan bahwa tindakan menjaga jarak dalam bentuk lockdown dengan berbagai bentuk dimulai dari bekerja dari rumah sampai pembatasan kerumunan, semuanya terbukti efektif dalam menekan penularan virus. Menggunakan masker juga dapat meratakan kurva epidemi kasus positif. Sementara tindakan pelacakan kontak dan karantina merupakan kombinasi strategi yang mungkin efektif dalam memperlambat penyebaran virus. Intervensi perilaku masyarakat terhadap pencegahan penularan Covid-19 memberikan angka penurunan kasus yang cukup besar dan signifikan.
Integrated Project Delivery with BIM: A Methodical Approach Within the UK Consulting Sector
Authors: Dalui Prasenjit , Elghaish Faris , Brooks Tara , McIlwaine Stephen
Published: November 2021

The aim of this study is to identify the advantages and limitations in the implementation of the Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) in the UK consulting sector. A literature review critically analyses the existing literature, (including online articles and publications owing to the current and fast-moving nature of the topic in question). Next, a qualitative research approach was employed through interviews which targeted BIM professionals across the AEC sector in the UK. Barriers to BIM were found to include lack of enthusiasm for potential opportunities for BIM and IPD. Cultural factors which act against BIM and IPD implementation include, willingness to adopt BIM environment, software cost, high-end user maintenance cost. Furthermore, a need was determined for UK government support and encouragement for the use of BIM and IPD for smaller projects. This study recommends that schools take steps to improve career advice and guidance for students in relation to construction, specifically increasing awareness of the opportunities available related to BIM and working professionals to increase awareness of and employment in BIM through training and apprentices as appropriately. Finally, the paper concludes that BIM and IPD should be more widely adopted within AEC industries in the UK to maximise benefits from both systems.
ANALISIS PEMBELAJARAN AKUNTANSI SECARA DARING DI SMAK “X”
Authors: Budianto Tedjasuskmana  , Lindrawati  , Marini Purwanto  , Dian Purnama Sari
Published: November 2021

Kegiatan pembelajaran daring adalah kegiatan proses belajar mengajar yang dilakukan pada saat ini diatur oleh kebijakan Pemerintah dalam rangka menghindari wabah COVID-19 yang sedang melanda pada masyarakat di Indonesia dan di seluruh dunia. Namun, pembelajaran daring sendiri masih menuai pro dan kontra karena dirasa belum mampu diserap secara penuh oleh para siswa didik. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan dengan memberikan pembelajaran daring di sebuah SMAK melalui media google meet serta memberikan kuis melalui media google form. Setelah seluruh proses dilaksanakan, para siswa mengisi kuisioner sehingga dapat mengukur efektivitas pembelajaran daring yang dilakukan. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini menunjukkan bahwa siswa memang lebih merasa mudah memahami materi melalui sistem pembelajaran tatap muka, meskipun dalam pembelajaran daring lebih dari 30% siswa masih dapat memahami materi dengan baik. Para siswa masih membutuhkan motivasi belajar sehingga guru mungkin dapat memberikan materi dengan lebih banyak variasi.Kata kunci— Pembelajaran Daring, Akuntansi, Motivasi Belajar

Online learning activities are teaching and learning process activities that are currently being regulated by Government policies in order to avoid the COVID-19 outbreak that is currently hitting people in Indonesia and around the world. However, online learning itselfstill reaps pros and cons because students feel that they are not fully absorbed by students. This community service activity is carried out by providing online learning at a high school through google meet media as well as providing quizzes via google form media. Afterthe whole process was carried out, the students filled out a questionnaire so that they could measure the effectiveness of the online learning that was being carried out. The results of this community service activity show that students really find it easier to understand the material through the face-to-face learning system, although in online learning more than 30% of students can still understand the material well. Students still need motivation to learn so that teachers may be able to provide material with more variety.Keywords—Effectivity, Online Learning, Accounting, Motivation to Learn
Conformity, obedience, and the Better than Average Effect in health professional students
Authors: Violato Efrem , King Sharla , Bulut Okan
Published: November 2021

Background: Compliance, through conformity and obedience to authority, can produce negative outcomes for patient safety, as well as education. To date, educational interventions for dealing with situations of compliance or positive deviance have shown variable results. Part of the challenge for education on compliance may result from disparities between learners' expectations about their potential for engaging in positive deviance and the actual likelihood of engaging in positive deviance. More specifically, students may demonstrate a Better Than Average Effect (BTAE), the tendency for people to believe they are comparatively better than the average across a wide range of behaviours and skills.
Methods: Four vignettes were designed and piloted using cognitive interviews, to investigate the BTAE. Conformity and obedience to authority were each addressed with two vignettes. The vignettes were included in a survey distributed to Canadian health professional students across multiple programs at several different institutions during the Winter 2019 semester. Self-evaluation of behaviour was investigated using a one-sample proportion test. Demographic data were investigated using logistic regression to identify predictors of the BTAE.
Results: Participants demonstrated the BTAE for expected behaviour compared to peers for situations of conformity and obedience to authority. Age, sex, and program year were identified as potential predictors for exhibiting the BTAE.
Conclusions: This study demonstrated that health professional students expect that they will behave better than average in compliance scenarios. Health professional students are not exempt from this cognitive bias in self-assessment. The results have implications for education on compliance, positive deviance, and patient safety.
The Man-impersonal sDm.n-ti/tw(=f) Form in Earlier Egyptian
Authors: Díaz Hernández Roberto A.
Published: November 2021

This paper aims to analyse the sDm.n-ti/tw(=f) form by means of the historical linguistic method. First of all, it will be argued on syntactic grounds that sDm.n-ti/tw(=f) is the Egyptian impersonal construction with an indefinite subject denoting a generic and defocused agent corresponding to the use of “one” in English, “on” in French, “man” in German, “uno/si” in Italian and “uno/se” in Spanish. The historical development of sDm.n-ti/tw(=f) in texts from the Old Kingdom to the Middle Kingdom (ca. 2686–1650 B.C.) will then be studied and its use in Middle Kingdom textual genres will be examined under a synchronic perspective. Finally, new syntactic uses of sDm.n-ti/tw(=f) will be discussed.
Zur Lesung des Wortes [...] in den Inschriften von Esna
Authors: von Recklinghausen Daniel
Published: November 2021

“The Reading of the Word [...] in the Inscriptions of Esna” - In the temple of Esna a word spelled [...] occurs several times in hieroglyphic texts from the Ptolemaic and Roman periods, mostly in connection with field offering scenes. It is argued that this word can be understood as a local interpretation of 3Ht “field”. The motive for rendering the word in this peculiar, phonetically not very accurate way can be explained by the desire to evoke numerous metaphors and graphic puns related to local religious ideas.
Globalized Inclination to Acquire Knowledge and Skills Toward Economic Development
Authors: Kyriakopoulos Grigorios L.
Published: November 2021

In an era of economic recession and the divulged threats of COVID-19 pandemic in the world a highly impacting socio-economic activity is the education sector. The operational difficulties of companies and organizations, as well as the closure of universities, schools, training courses, are all affecting the entrepreneurial and the learning progress on using workers time and learners facilities to develop their knowledge and to build up their skills. In particular, free time of institutions’ closure can become a golden opportunity for learning and progresses in virtual education while adopting e-learning modes of information technology (IT) and supporting the distribution of knowledge and information for training and education. Since the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak only few studies have been devoted on studying the impact of cultural characteristics, economic situations, skills and knowledge on the development and the wider human wellbeing. At this study the literature production of economic development was investigated in the light of the ignored, but critically important, issue of globalized inclination to acquire knowledge and skills. All essential aspects of economic systems and economic development within the COVID-19 era were approached, quantified, and graphically valuated, in the light of the following fields of literature search: “dynamic economic systems”, “economic development”, “knowledge skills”, and “globalization”. The measurable indicators of comparing these results were that of: chronological, geographical, languages of reports’ written, subject areas, and keywords, accordingly. Besides, the three domains of technology, environment – ecology, and socio-economics were conveyed, while the key-determinants of knowledge and skills acquisition were also analyzed. From a managerial point of view the simultaneous affection of cultural characteristics, economic simulations, skills and knowledge aspects were considered as positive and significant, thus, supporting managers to better understand the necessities of IT development and managing a highly qualified workforce to shift the thread of the COVID-19 era while performing feasible learning management to solidify workers’ education through formal and in-house education.
VERTICAL TYPE OF SCYTHIAN CATACOMBS OF THE 5th—4th CEN¬TURY BC IN THE NORTHERN PONTIC STEPPE
Authors: Polin S. V. , Daragan M. N.
Published: November 2021

The vertical type of catacomb graves unusual for Scythian funeral practises is discussed in the paper. If numerous types of Scythian catacombs and their subcategories in the Northern Pontic Region have the vertical-horizontal layout, where the entrance pit has the vertical-horizontal layout, and the dromos and the connected catacomb have exclusively horizontal layout, the burials under discussion have only the vertical layout. The oval entrance pit to these small burials is located directly above the large oval or sub-rectangular chamber. From our viewpoint in these cases we have the catacombs of fundamentally different construction which we term the «vertical type» of Scythian catacombs. Only 25 vertical-catacomb burials have been discovered so far. Taking into account the total number of about 4500 burials dated to the 5th—4th cent. BC discovered in the steppe region, the infrequence of this type of burial type constituting only 0.6 % of the total number of burials becomes quite obvious. Eleven burials are concentrated in the Lower Dnieper region, whereas one is located in the Lower Dniester region and thirteen in the Crimea. This type of catacombs belonges to the common population, the females and children burials predominate, males grave are very few. This type of burials appears in the Crimea in the first half of the 5th cent. BC and no later than the end of 5th — beginning of 4th cent. BC appears in the Lower Dnieper region. For most of the 4th cent. BC exists both in the Crimea and in the Lower Dnieper region. During the almost whole 4th cent. BC such graves exist both in the Crimea and in the Lower Dnieper region. Apparently, the group of Crimean Scythians who practiced the burial rite in vertical catacombs, to the beginning of the 4th cent. BC has completely developed the stable route of seasonal migrations of the circulation type in the meridional direction.
KURGAN BURIAL GROUND OF THE SCYTHIAN TIME «DERGACHI»
Authors: Pelyashenko K. Yu.
Published: November 2021

The kurgan mound is located on the edge of the right root bank of the river. Lopan (basin of the Seversky Donets river), near the Dergachi city, Kharkiv region. Now the barrow ground has 32 mounds, although at the beginning of the twentieth century had 60—70 kurgans. The first excavations of the cemetery were carried out in 1903 E. P. Trefiliev who had excavated 10 mounds. The collection of artifacts has not survived up today, and the publication of the results contains brief generalizing characteristics of the burial assemblages. For a long time the exact location of the kurgan burial was unknown, and only recently, during the archaeological exploration, the archaeological site was localized. In 2018—2019 the excavations of the site was resumed. 7 burial mounds were discovered where 6 graves of the Scythian Age were revealed. Burials were not discovered under two mounds, and two one-time burials were found under the one barrow. The obtained data make it possible to reconstruct the funeral rite. Burials were carried out under mounds of small diameter and height. Among the designs of the burial chamber stand out: soil pits, wooden crypts in pits, a pit with shoulders. All burial chambers are directed along the southwest — northeast line, and those buried in them are lied supine, with their heads to the southwest. The grave goods are rather poor, partly due to the robbery of almost all graves. Among the discovered artifacts are the weapons (arrowheads, spear / dart details), jewelry (beads, earrings), household items (knives, awls). A set of signs of the funeral rite suggests that this site is the tribal burial ground of the population who lived in the region at the late 5th—4th centuries BC.
NEW TAMGA SIGNS AND ELEMENTS OF SARMATIAN ARMAMENT AND EQUIPMENT FROM OLBIA
Authors: Kozlenko R. A.
Published: November 2021

The series of new tamga signs from the latest excavations in Olbia, among which there are unique signs for the Sarmatian nomadic world are published in the paper. The tamgas are deposited on limestone which was found at a new site T-4 placed on the Terraced city of Olbia. Some signs have analogies on the marble lion from Olbia, in Scythian Neapolis, on the «plate-encyclopedia» from Panticapaeum, and on the territory of Asian Sarmatia. The period of existence of these tamgas in Olbia can be attributed to the second half of the 1st — the 2nd centuries AD. This was the time of close military-political relations between Olbia and the Sarmatians. During this period, the Sarmatian kings Farzoios and Inismeos minted in Olbia gold and silver coins with their generic tamga-sign, and the Olbian ambassadors met the Sarmatian kings in the city.
In the upper layers of the site T-4 there were also found the elements of Sarmatian weapons and equipment such as the iron arrowhead, bone arrowheads, and iron quiver hooks, which are unique for the region. Bone arrowheads and quiver hooks have analogies in the Sarmatian burials of the Volga region and could be associated with the appearance of Sarmatian nomads in the Northern Pontic region which can be associated with the appearance of Sarmatian nomads in the Northern Black Sea region, who came in the middle — third quarter of the 1st century AD from the Volga-Don steppes. Objects with tamga signs in Olbia are usually accompanied by iron and bone arrowheads, bow detailes, elements of horse bridle, buckles etc. All of this, in general, is the evidences of the direct Sarmatian presence in the city in the Roman period.
THE EARRINGS OF THE SVITLOVODSK CEMETERY
Authors: Mogylov O. D.
Published: November 2021

Scythian tribes and their North Pontic neighbors had a magnificent set of jewelry in their everyday life: beads, bracelets, appliques for costume decoration, rings, earrings, torques, pins.
One of these categories, the earrings, is widely represented in the large Svitlovodsk cemetery on the south of the Dnieper Right Bank Forest-Steppe. During the 1975—1990 by archaeological expeditions under the direction of N. M. Bokiy and I. A. Kozyr more than 160 graves of Scythian Age have been excavated.
A total of 45 items were found in 34 graves (21 % of the total). They are ring-shaped and sometimes decorated with beads or pendants. More often, the earrings have been put into female burials. Sometimes one earring has been occurred in the graves of male warriors.
The ring-shaped earrings are made of bronze wire. One end is usually sharpened. This is the most numerous group including 19 items (42 % of the total) from 16 burials.
Twisted wire hoop earrings (5 items, making up 11 % of all earrings, come from 4 burials). Moreover, 3 items are silver, 2 are bronze. They have been found jnly in female tombs.
Hoop earrings with curved ends. 4 specimens (almost 9% of earrings) have been found in two graves with buried women.
Ring-shaped smooth earrings with beads are the second largest type in Svitlovodsk, including 11 items (24 % of earrings from 11 graves). The body is usually bronze, only once it is silver. The beads made of glass, less often of copper, bone, bronze. Usually one bead was set onto body. In several cases 2, 3 and 4 such decorations have been recorded. This type is the most frequent attribute of female burials, sometimes of a child and a teenager, in one case of a wealthy male warrior.
Hoop earrings with twisted body and bead. Two specimens (over  4% of earrings) come from 2 assemblages. They are made of bronze and electrum.
Bronze hoop earrings with pendants. Two items (4 % of earrings) come from two graves. In one case the pendant was made of the animal tooth, in the second it was the bronze ring.
Earrings in the shape of a stylized duck. Two copies (4 % of earrings) were found in graves 70 and 77. In Svitlovodsk, these jewelry were found in graves belonging to poor community members.This category of jewelry from Svitlovodsk shows the part of the set of jewelry of the common population of Scythia.
NEW DATA ABOUT SCYTHIAN GOLD GARMENT APPLIQUЙS FROM BARROWS NEAR OLHYNE VILLAGE OF KHERSON OBLAST
Authors: Lifantii O. V.
Published: November 2021

Recently revealed data considering gold appliquйs series, forced to correct notion, which has already fastened in literature. These artefacts were found during an excavation of a group of barrows near Olhyne village, Hornostaivskyi district, Kherson Oblast. The research was conducted in 1990 by the Kherson Archaeological Expedition led by Anatolii Kubyshev. This publication aimed to eliminate unfortunate confusion and to clarify the date of some graves in the described burial ground.
Thus, two garment appliquйs, preserved in Archaeological Storage of Institute of Archaeology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, that have no provenance information were identified. These two pieces were not published before. Due to a comparison of the Archaeological report and analysis of Storage documentation data, I have managed to find their place of finding.
As shown in the article, the openwork appliquй in a form of two-bodied Sphinx was part of headdress decorum from the central grave of Bratoliubivka barrow (the main and biggest mound in the group). One rectangular-shaped plaque with a depiction of lying in crouched pose griffin was found in the grave 5 of the same barrow. In this inlet tomb the wealthy Scythian warrior was buried. The construction time of the barrow and inlaid grave 5 lay in second — early third quarter of the 4th century BCE.
Twelve rectangular appliquйs with an image of a half-recumbent griffin with crescent-shaped wings were found in the grave 4 barrow 1 of Olhyne group. Previously only one plaque of this series was wrongly published as find from the grave 5 of Bratoliubivka barrow. This unfortunate mistake is now corrected. At the same tomb, 52 rectangular appliquйs with the depiction of a lion attacking a doe were found. Therefore, at well-preserved woman grave 4 of barrow 1 near Olhyne village fully decorated hat and veil were placed. This tomb was probably constructed in the second — early third quarter of the 4th century BCE. Considering the modesty of this grave goods, one can only imagine how bright the appliques of a ceremonial garment from the central grave of Bratoliubivka barrow were.
СHILDREN’S GRAVE AT THE CEMETERY OF THE CHERNYAKHIV CULTURE VOYTENKI
Authors: Schultze E. , Lyubichev М. V. , Kozak A. D.
Published: November 2021

The children’s graves at the cemeteries of the Chernyakhiv / Sоntana de Mureş culture are the relevant problem for the archaeology of the period. Children’s burials at the cemeteries of this culture have been the subject of special study for more than fifteen years. At the cemetery Voytenky 15 graves of children of various ages were discovered (graves 6, 34, 50, 72, 79, 85, 94, 97, 99, 103, 126, 217, 218, 220, 231). Their analysis is envisaged within the framework of the project on the reconstruction of the social structure of the population of the Chernyakhiv culture on the basis of the cemetery Voytenki.

The publication of materials from grave 231 of the cemetery Voytenki includes archaeological and anthropological analysis. Inventory features of the complex allow determination of the social status of the child and his family.

The burial’s inventory includes 24 vessels. A specific feature of this complex is the presence of an amphora. The burial belongs to the phase «C» after the relative chronology of the «classical» Chernyakhiv culture horizon in the Dnepr-Do­netsk forest-steppe (after M. Lyubichev). This correlates with stages C3, C3/D1 by J. Tejral, and in absolute dates can be attributed to the third quarter of the 4th century.

The age of the child determined as (1.5) 2—2.5 years. Pathological lesions on the skeleton diagnosed as traces of scurvy, probably anemia, and viral or bacterial meningitis. Their presence permits raise the question of adaptation of the children of particular social class to their living conditions. Presumably, some adults of this social stratum belonged to the mobile part of the population or were in close contact with migrants. Migrations could be seen as one of the reasons, led to the emergence of new infections, which primarily affected children.

The grave with the amphora testifies to the strong economic position of the family, whose child was buried. This family probably participated in an interregional exchange.
THE LEAD SEAL OF A BYZANTINE OFFICIAL OF THE LATE 11th — EARLY 12th CENTURIES FROM THE EXCAVATIONS 2019 IN THE YARD OF THE St. SOPHIA CATHEDRAL IN KYIV
Authors: Bobrovskyy T. A. , Evdokimova A. A.
Published: November 2021

The unique Byzantine molivdovul found during archaeological excavations in 2019 at the yard of the St. Sophia Cathedral in Kyiv is analyzed in the paper.
The modivdovul is 2.6—2.8 cm in diameter and 2.5—3 mm thick (fig. 1, 2). A poetic legend in Greek is preserved on the both sides: «(Σφραγὶς) βεβεω̃ (τοὺς) (λ)ό(γου)ς Βασιλείου // (ο)ι̉κιστικου̃ τέλ(ε)ι νυ̃ν βεστιαρίου» («The seal confirms the words of Vasily the oikistikos (in the past), who now serves as a vestiarios»). Two positions belonging to the different bureaucratic offices of the Byzantine Empire, mentioned in one legend, determine the uniqueness of this molivdovul.
The archaeological dating of the find is the second half of the 11th — first half of the 12th centuries which is consistent with the paleography of the legends text. The spelling features of the inscription are characterized by substitutions «ε» instead of «αι» in the verb «βεβαιω̃» and «ι» instead of «ει» in the verb «τέλει», which is associated with a chronologically similar linguistic processes — the monophthongization of the diphthongs and the manifestation of the itacism in Greek.
Basing on the historical sources the authors conclude that the molivdovul could belong to the Byzantine official who сhanged his position at the imperial court during late 11th — early 12th centuries as a result of the administrative reform carried out by the Byzantine emperor Alexei I Comnenus between 1081 and 1118. The finding of this seal in the yard of St. Sophia Cathedral in Kyiv apparently testifies to the close ties existed during this period between the Kyiv’s Metropolis and the Constantinople’s Imperial court.
ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE OF THE POST-MONGOLIAN PERIOD NEAR SEDNIV
Authors: Motsia O. P. , Skorokhod V. M. , Syta L. F.
Published: November 2021

Archaeological sites of Sedniv and its outskirts have been studied since the end of the 19th century and, despite the attention of scientists, systematic extencive researches were concentrated mainly around hillforts that could be associated with the Chronicle Snovsk.
At the Sedniv territory there are at least three hillforts, and one of which — Tryfonovshchyna hillfort — has never been excavated before 2015. It is located in the south-eastern part of the village, 100 m from the edge of the right bench over the flood land (shooter cape 20 m high). On the western side the hillfort cuted by the moat up to 20 m wide and 6.0 m deep and defensive rampart up to 1.5 m high (on the western side of the site). The hillfort is of triangular shape. On the western side in the middle of rampart from the bottom of the moat to the northeast there is a ramp-road up to 30 m long. Archaeological excavations of the Tryfonovshchyna hillfort were necessary due to ascertain the chronology of the site.
In order to find out the time of construction of the fortifications the archaeological profile of defensive rampart was made. It was received the interesting stratigraphic situation of its formation. The remains of wooden-earth cages (klet) of rampart have been found which burned in a fire of the late 14th — early 15th century. The rampart cages were build along the perimeter of the hillfort, and the additional defensive line in the eastern separate part of cape was erected.
Research on the Tryfonovshchyna hillfort made it possible to discover the cultural layers and objects of the post-Mongolian period. The discovered building of the late 14th — early 15th century displays the tradition of the constructions of the site. The part of additional defensive line (stockade) outside the hillfort has been explored as well.
The stratigraphic observations of the fortifications and the constructions of the site indicate it’s destruction in a powerful fire. Finds of the weapons (crossbow bolt, iron plates from Mongolian armor, chain mail rings), elements of military clothing, numismatic finds make it possible to suggest the military conflict between the Lithuanian and Golden Horde troops in the late 14th — early 15th century.