bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
English as a Lingua Franca in an Indonesian Multilingual Setting: Pre-Service English Teachers’ Perceptions
Authors: Silalahi Ronald Maraden Parlindungan , Santoso Wulandari , Hutauruk Bertaria Sohnata
Published: September 2023

The notion of English as Lingua Franca (ELF) has challenged the English as a Foreign Language (EFL) paradigm, which mainly aimed to attain native-like competence. Generally, ELF-informed teaching promotes creative use of English in a multilingual environment to meet communication needs. It also emphasises intelligibility in ELF spoken communication rather than pursuing standard English only. This study aimed to examine the perceptions of Indonesian pre-service English teachers regarding ELF. Using the sequential explanatory design, this study distributed close-ended questionnaire items to 150 participants in the first stage of data collection, followed by Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with five participants in the second stage. Descriptive statistics and thematic analyses were used to explore the research data quantitatively and qualitatively. The results of this study demonstrated that the participants still favoured the English native-speaker model in teaching English. They believed that students should imitate English native speakers in communication. The findings of the qualitative data analysis, however, showed that their perceptions towards ELF were still constrained by the ideological rankings between native English and other varieties of English. This study suggests that ELF-informed teaching should be introduced and reflected in teacher preparatory programmes, so that it could develop future English teachers’ awareness of the importance of implementing the principles of ELF in the Indonesian educational setting.
Backchannels Responses as Conversational Strategies in the Interaction of Indonesian Speakers in Interview Setting
Authors: Nurjaleka Lisda
Published: September 2023

In interpersonal communication, the listeners' role is as necessary as the speaker's. Backchannel is considered a universal behavior; it often occurs in the conversation to send a signal from the listener without claiming the floor. Linguists have identified backchannel responses in many languages and cultural differences regarding the backchannel's type, frequency, and placement. This study investigates the use of backchannel in Indonesian conversation by native speakers in interview settings. This mixed-method study combines a quantitative and qualitative study that examines the function and frequency of ten dyadic Indonesian native speakers in an interview setting. The sampling subject participant is 20 Indonesian native speakers with each gender; we selected ten people whose first language is the Indonesian language Each interview session took 20 to 30 minutes, totalling 4 hours, and 20 minutes of dialogue for the whole corpus. Based on the study findings, Indonesian native speakers often use nodding (each gender has the same frequency of around 42%) as a non-verbal backchannel. The current analysis suggests that nodding and facial expressions such as smiles, and laughter consider one of the listener responses in Indonesian conversation. Indonesian speakers' verbal backchannel does occur, but nodding occurs most frequently as a sign of the backchannel. The non-verbal behavior of nodding gives listening signals without bothering the speaker's utterance. The current study adds to our understanding of the listener's role in Indonesian conversation. These results contribute to intercultural understanding in the era of globalization.
Lost in Translation: Navigating Linguistic Challenges in Lesotho High Court Trials
Authors: Makha-Ntlaloe Makhetsi , Mphi Teboho Reginah , Mohlomi Mape John
Published: September 2023

Court interpreting services are an essential component of the Lesotho’s legal system to ensure that everyone has access to justice and can present their cases in the language of their choice, more especially at the Lesotho High Court where English is the language of the court. Effective court interpreting requires interpreters with, among other things, high level of linguistic and cultural proficiency in their working languages, strategic competence, and a set of specific skills. However, the lack of formal professional training for court interpreters can have serious consequences on both the communication and the decisions of the court.  Following the methodological principles of a qualitative case study explored strategies employed by the Lesotho High Court interpreters in their attempt to address linguistic challenges that they often encounter during their facilitation of communication between judges, lawyers and plaintiff/defendant/witnesses. The study further examined how such strategies may  affect communication of the intended message in the interpreter’s renditions. Employing a pragmatic approach guided by Gricean maxims, this paper discussed a purposive sample of 19 excerpts extracted from the transcripts made from ten audio recordings of criminal cases from the Lesotho High Court. The study discovered that such strategies were employing to address linguistic challenges such as terminological challenges, long sentences and incomplete or too brief source language utterances. The study further established that the use of the identified strategies may distort the original speaker’s intended message and hence misinform the witnesses and/or target recipients, which in turn could result in an unfair trial. To enhance the court interpreting process to uphold fairness and clarity in legal proceedings, this paper therefore recommends that the Lesotho High Court should provide formal training to its interpreters to raise their awareness of the strengths and weaknesses of the strategies they use.
PROCESSOS DE FUSÕES E AQUISIÇÕES DE EMPRSAS BRASILEIRAS NA PANDEMIA DA COVID-19
Authors: Costa Gabrielly Mendes , Pinheiro Juliano Lima
Published: September 2023

O objetivo desse estudo consiste em identificar como a pandemia sanitária da COVID-19 afeta os processos de F&A’s empreendidos por empresas brasileiras adquirentes de capital aberto, listados na B3 no período do segundo trimestre de 2018 ao primeiro trimestre de 2022. Além disso, fez-se uma análise dos principais indicadores econômico-financeiros determinantes da criação de valor nos processos F&A’s. Foram analisados dados contábeis de 70 empresas que sofreram F&A, utilizando o modelo logit binário. Como variável dependente empregou-se a ocorrência ou não de F&A e como variável de investigação utilizou-se uma dummy para o período da COVID-19. Foram incluídas no modelo as variáveis de controle: retorno sobre o patrimônio líquido (ROE), o retorno sobre o ativo (ROA), margem bruta (MB), giro do ativo (GA), capital de terceiros (CT), composição do endividamento (CE), liquidez geral (LG) e tamanho da firma (TA). Apenas a dummy COVID-19 está associada positivamente a F&A. Sendo assim, a COVID-19 pode gerar chance de F&A, pois quando esteve em ocorrência, maior foi a chance de as empresas adquirirem e fazerem operações que gerem maiores benefícios e criem sinergias e aumento da rentabilidade. O artigo contribuiu para o preenchimento do arcabouço teórico sobre o tema, propondo uma abordagem diferente das demais para se entender essa estratégia empresarial, onde como a consequências são incertas, é importante anteceder com um planejamento adequado por parte da estratégia da empresa, servindo como fonte de informações sobre o retorno financeiro, deixando uma visibilidade do retorno imediato, destacando-se que nem sempre o desempenho é superior após a realização da atividade de F&A. As dificuldades encontradas na pesquisa foi a limitação do estudo em apenas operações de curto prazo (trimestral de 2018 a 2022), deste modo eventos de F&A que poderiam ter causado uma mudança nas empresas em longo prazo, não foram captadas e com isso neste estudo não se pode concluir que sinergias operacionais, rentabilidade, eficiência operacional, capital terceiro, composição do endividamento, liquidez e tamanho da empresa criam aumento ou diminuição da probabilidade de F&A nas empresas de capital aberto.
Vitamin D, a Secosteroid Hormone and Its Multifunctional Receptor, Vitamin D Receptor, in Alzheimer’s Type Neurodegeneration
Authors: Gezen-Ak Duygu , Dursun Erdinc
Published: September 2023

Vitamin D is a secosteroid hormone exerting neurosteroid-like properties. Its well-known nuclear hormone receptor, and recently proposed as a mitochondrial transcription factor, vitamin D receptor, acts for its primary functions. The second receptor is an endoplasmic reticulum protein, protein disulfide isomerase A3 (PDIA3), suggested to act as a rapid response. Vitamin D has effects on various systems, particularly through calcium metabolism. Among them, the nervous system has an important place in the context of our subject. Recent studies have shown that vitamin D and its receptors have numerous effects on the nervous system. Neurodegeneration is a long-term process. Throughout a human life span, so is vitamin D deficiency. Our previous studies and others have suggested that the out-come of long-term vitamin D deficiency (hypovitaminosis D or inefficient utilization of vitamin D), may lead neurons to be vulnerable to aging and neurodegeneration. We suggest that keeping vitamin D levels at adequate levels at all stages of life, considering new approaches such as agonists that can activate vitamin D receptors, and utilizing other derivatives produced in the synthesis process with UVB are crucial when considering vitamin D-based intervention studies. Given most aspects of vitamin D, this review outlines how vitamin D and its receptors work and are involved in neurodegeneration, emphasizing Alzheimer’s disease.
Investigation on the influence of a new trapezoidal-triangular membership function in IT2FLS with type-reductions for a manufacturing application
Authors: Narayanan Badri , Muthusamy Sreekumar
Published: September 2023

The performance of Interval type-2 fuzzy logic system (IT2FLS) can be affected by many factors including the type of reduction methodology followed and the kind of membership function applied. Further, a particular membership function is influenced by its construction, the type of optimisation and adaptiveness applied, and the learning scheme adopted. The available literature lags in providing detailed information about such factors affecting the performance of IT2FLS. In this work, an attempt has been made to comprehensively study the factors affecting the performance of IT2FLS by introducing a new trapezoidal-triangular membership function (TTMF). A real-time application of drilling operation has been considered as an example for predicting temperature of the job, which is considered as one of the key state variables to evaluate. A detailed comparison based on membership functions (MFs) such as triangular membership function (TrMF), trapezoidal membership function (TMF), the newly introduced trapezoidal-triangular membership function (TTMF), semi-elliptic membership function (SEMF), and Gaussian membership function (GMF) has been performed and presented. Further, the average error rate obtained with two “type-reduction” methods such as “Wu-Mendel” uncertainty bounds and Center of sets type reduction (COS TR) has also been discussed. This study provides information for selecting a particular MF and “type reduction” scheme for the implementation of IT2FLS. Also, concludes that MF having fewer parameters such as GMF and SEMF possess significant advantages in terms of computation complexity compared to others.
WELDP: Weighed Edge Local Directional Pattern for expression recognition from facial images
Authors: Ramyasree Kummari , Kumar Chennupati Sumanth
Published: September 2023

At present, the local appearance-based texture descriptors in Facial Expression Recognition have limited accuracy due to the inability to encode the discriminative edges. The major cause is the presence of distorted and weak edges due to noise. Hence, this paper proposes new Expression Descriptor called as Weighted Edge Local Directional Pattern (WELDP) which can discriminate the weak and strong edges. Unlike the conventional local descriptors, WELDP searches for the support of neighbor pixels in the determination of Facial expression attributes such as Edges, Corners, Lines, and Curved Edges. WELDP encodes only Strong edge responses and discards weaker edge responses after extracting them through edge detection masks. This work adapted two masks for edge detection: they are Robinson Compass Mask and Kirsch Compass Mask. Moreover, the WELDP aims at code redundancy and encode each pixel only with seven bits (one sign bit and six directional bits). Then the WELDP image is described by a histogram and then processed through SVM (Support Vector Machine) for expression identification. From the simulation experiments, the proposed WELDP is found as better than several existing methods.
Application of corporate image integrating Zigbee technology in brand APP interface design using IoT technology
Authors: Gu Xinxin
Published: September 2023

In modern social APP interface design, how to effectively improve the corporate image and create the connotation of corporate culture is a significant key problem. With the emergence of APP, a growing number of people use them, increasing communication energy usage and slowing network operation. To improve app compatibility and speed, it is necessary to combine it with the most advanced and dependable technology, such as ZigBee, which is regarded as the best solution for wireless sensor networks. The ZigBee protocol is primarily used to incorporate working and data transmission in wireless sensor networks that are based on ZigBee technology. As a result, incorporating ZigBee technology into APP interface design in the Internet of Things (IoT) domain can significantly improve brand APP interface design’s network operation efficiency. This paper presents a novel approach to enhance the performance and corporate image of brand mobile applications (APPs) by integrating ZigBee technology. The primary objective is to improve the operating efficiency and user experience of the brand APPs. The study involves a comparison between 10 brand APPs that have not integrated ZigBee technology and 10 brand APPs that have adopted ZigBee technology. The experimental results indicate that the operating efficiency of the brand APPs incorporating ZigBee technology is 97%, while the efficiency of the brand APPs without ZigBee technology is 85%, resulting in a notable difference of 12%. To assess the effectiveness of ZigBee technology integration, the study conducted experiments with 100 users, randomly assigned to interact with both types of brand APPs. The user feedback and observations revealed that brand APPs integrated with ZigBee technology exhibit significantly higher operating efficiency, contributing to a 12% improvement over their counterparts lacking ZigBee integration. Moreover, 90 out of 100 users reported a preference for the brand APPs integrated with ZigBee technology due to their superior user experience. The integration of ZigBee technology in brand APPs not only enhances the user experience but also contributes to the improvement of the company’s corporate image. Adopting ZigBee technology in brand APPs is a valuable strategy that can facilitate the long-term development and success of the company.
An intelligent wearable embedded architecture for stress detection and psychological behavior monitoring using heart rate variability
Authors: Chandra Murty Patnala S.R. , Anuradha Chinta , Appala Naidu P. , Balaswamy C. , Nagalingam Rajeswaran , Jagatheesaperumal Senthil Kumar , Ponnusamy Muruganantham
Published: September 2023

This study quantifies individual stress levels through real-time analysis of wearable sensor data. An embedded setup utilizes artificial neural networks to analyze R-R intervals and Heart Rate Variability (HRV). Emotion recognition of happiness, sadness, surprise, fear, and anger is explored using seven normalized HRV features. Statistical analysis and classification with a neural network model are performed on approximately 20,700 segments,with participants within the age ranged from 23 to 40, mixed gender, and normal health status, along with other pertinent demographics included. Findings show stress observation’s potential for mental well-being and early detection of stress-related disorders. Three classification algorithms (LVQ, BPN, CART) are evaluated, comparing ECG signal correlation features with traditional ones. BPN achieves the highest emotional recognition accuracy, surpassing LVQ by 5.9% – 8.5% and CART by 2% – 6.5%. Maximum accuracy is 82.35% for LVQ and 97.77% for BPN, but does not exceed 95%. Using only 72 feature sets yields the highest accuracy, surpassing S1 by 17.9% – 20.5% and combined S1/S2 by 11% – 12.7%. ECG signal correlation features outperform traditional features, potentially increasing emotion recognition accuracy by 25%. This study contributes to stress quantification and emotion recognition, promoting mental well-being and early stress disorder detection. The proposed embedded setup and analysis framework offer real-time monitoring and assessment of stress levels, enhancing health and wellness.
THE SPACE OF SPIRITUAL CORPORATION IN THE HUMAN DIMENSIONAL ASPECT
Authors: Gotsalyuk Alla
Published: September 2023

The article examines the issue of modern understanding of the component space of national culture, as well as the effects of various civilizational systems on the space of human cultural activity. It is noted that the phenomenon of national spirituality is a powerful factor in the self-development of the nation's moral existence, which reproduces the space of national culture (external and internal). 

The purpose of the work is to determine the various degrees of human perception of the social space and the presence of God in the universe, nature, and philosophical systems.

The research methodology consists in the use of dialectical and analytical methods to study the philosophical understanding of the spiritual values of a person. The functional-instrumental method is applied in order to identify the features of the progress of philosophical considerations and their impact on a person in modern society.

Based on the considered concepts, it can be noted that the existence of spatial spiritual characteristics of physicality in the Ukrainian ethnic group are related to the interpretive aspects of creative power (Holy Trinity). Nowadays, the problem of cultural space is determined by a number of solutions to environmental problems, the close interaction of the biosphere and the noosphere. And also the problem of preserving the integrity of the environment, the solution of which is necessary for a person to exist. The priority solution to this problem is that the phenomenon of national spirituality acts as a powerful factor of self-development and moral improvement of the existence of the nation and individual. The solution of the specified problem is connected with many human interests, as well as the creation of civilizational comfort in the functioning of the mechanisms of today's complex philosophical processes. The spiritual aspect of the spatial characteristics of national culture today is due to the need for a philosophical counterbalance in the conditions of modern globalization.
Phylogenetic Evidence for the Early Origin of the Homeostatic Influence of the Biota on Planetary-Scale Geophysical Processes
Authors: Leggett Mark , Ball David A.
Published: September 2023

This paper uses empirical evidence to address the subject of when and how Gaia arose. To set the scene for this, the paper first proposes two core necessary attributes for Gaia: each individual having control systems and joint action of groups of such individuals producing results that are more beneficial to the group than would have arisen from the isolated action of each individual. We make the case that the predominantly recognised “planetary” nature of Gaia is a contingent rather than necessary attribute. The paper next identifies representative examples in contemporary organisms of each of the two core attributes of Gaia in operation. For each of these examples, genes making up part of the genetic specification of the example were identified. We then sought these same genes in the earliest examples of life that have been genetically characterised in empirical terms - the Last Universal Common Ancestor (LUCA) and the Last Bacterial Common Ancestor (LBCA). These arose respectively between 4 and 3.5 billion years ago. Examining both the pools of known modern genes and demonstrated LUCA and/or LBCA genes, sufficient relevant modern genes were also found in LBCA and/or LUCA to provide empirical evidence that the core attributes of Gaia were present in LBCA and/or LUCA. Hence, we claim that the first Gaia likewise arose between 3.5 to 4 billion years ago. The paper also provides case studies showing similar results at increasing scales of organismal aggregation over the intervening period to the present.
THE EFFECT OF WOMEN'S AGE DURING PREGNANCY ON THE CASE OF HYPOSPADIAS IN CHILDREN <18 YEARS OLD AT ADAM MALIK HOSPITAL IN 2015-2020
Authors: Nasution Iqbal Pahlevi Adeputra , Lin Chrysty
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a woman’s age during pregnancy on the incidence of hypospadias in children. Material & Methods: This research is an analytic study with a case control design. The sampling technique is a non-probabilistic technique with consecutive sampling. This study was analyzed by univariate and bivariate. Results: From 62 samples, the number of hypospadias cases was 28 people (90.3%) with woman's age at pregnancy <35 years and 3 people (9.7%) with woman's age at pregnancy ≥ 35 years. While the number of controls was 29 people (93.5%) with woman's age at pregnancy <35 years and 2 people (6.5%) with woman's age at pregnancy ≥ 35 years. Conclusion: There is no significant relationship found in this research between a woman's age at pregnancy and the incidence of hypospadias in children.

Keywords: Age, hypospadias, pregnancy.
Main directions for the transition of the oil and gas industry to the sixth technological structure in the Caspian region
Authors: Serikova U. S.
Published: September 2023

Background. At early evolutionary stages, human societies were characterized by a low level of technological development, therefore referred to as pre-industrial societies. The production process was associated with simple inventions and was based on the muscular strength of animals and humans. The Industrial Revolution marked the advent of industrial societies, the development of which undergoes “technological waves”, or “technological structures”. In total, five “technological structures” can be defined in the evolution of the oil and gas complex in the Caspian region. At present, the oil and gas industry of the countries forming the Caspian region has reached the verge of the sixth technological structure. In this work, the author investigates the prospects and possibilities of an accelerated transition to the sixth technological structure.

   Aim. To outline the main directions for the transition of the oil and gas industry in the Caspian region to the sixth technological structure.

   Materials and methods. The methods of retrospective, graphical, statistical, system-structural analysis were used.

   Results. The main directions for the development of geological exploration, production and processing in the Caspian region were identified, the implementation of which could support the transition to the sixth technological structure.
Precambrian tsunamis in the light of the modern data
Authors: Ruban D. A.
Published: September 2023

Background. In the geological history of the Earth, tsunami events attract particular research attention. Such events are assumed to have taken place already since the Precambrian period. However, the information on Precambrian tsunamis requires systematic generalization.

   Aim. To generalize the data published on Precambrian tsunamis with a particular focus on their age, distribution, and possible triggers. The character of information about these natural catastrophes also presents interest.

   Materials and methods. A bibliographical review was conducted based on the developed systematization criteria. The information was collected with the Scopus database. A total of 39 sources (articles in the leading scientific journals) were analyzed.

   Results. The evidence of tsunami events was obtained for a large part of the Precambrian interval for different regions of the planet. The highest concentrations of the studied catastrophes were established for the end-Early Archean and the Early Proterozoic. Cosmic impacts and earthquakeswere indicated among the triggers. The oldest tsunamis were commonly interpreted by analyzing the composition and textures of rocks. These interpretations frequently proposed no alternative explanations.

   Discussion. The available information on Precambrian tsunamis lacks completeness. Two hypotheses were formulated, those assuming the influence of the varied frequency of cosmic impacts and the initiation of lithospheric plate tectonics on the occurrence of tsunamis in the Precambrian.

   Conclusion. Previous studies suggest a wide manifestation of tsunami events in the Precambrian. Further research in this direction seems promising, both for Russian and foreign geologists.
Linguocultural codes: development and functioning of French honorifics
Authors: Olefir H. I. , Sydelnykova L. V. , Filonenko N. H.
Published: September 2023

The article examines the historical development of the systems of secular, academic, ecclesiastical, professional, court and aristocratic honorifics of the French language and honorifics as components of this system, clarifies the forms of the main abbreviations and the conditions of honorifics functioning, reveals their abbreviations and describes typical cases of their use. The aim of the article is to generalize the rules for using correct honorifics in French linguistic culture in official communication cases. The research materials comprise texts of business letters and documents from the official websites of governmental, religious and secular organizations of the francophone world countries. In the conducted research, we apply the structural research method, which led to the use of the distributive and component analyses. It is found that the use of honorifics is widespread in higher spheres of power, business environments, formal and traditional institutions, where special respect and politeness in communication is required. Honorifics are a special type of socially marked vocabulary, as they reflect hierarchical relationships and status roles in society. It is established that adequate honorifics are used in accordance with the communicative goal, and in specific situations the use of abbreviated forms is allowed or impermissible. The rules for the use of honorifics in French linguistic culture were formed during the development of the French-speaking society; they remain valid so far and are recommended to be followed, particularly in correspondence. Inadequate application of these rules violates the cultural and social codes of the French language and hinders the realization of the communicative goal. Prospects for research are determined by the area of socially marked vocabulary, specifically by issues of professional honorifics of the French language, for example, military honorifics.
Conceptual sphere of phraseologisms of monetary relations in Ukrainian and Polish language cultures
Authors: Оkhrimenko Т. V.
Published: September 2023

The article examines the features of verbalization and the ways of conceptualizing cross-language phraseological equivalents and analogs in the field of monetary relations based on the material of Polish and Ukrainian lexicographic sources. Both structural and linguosemiotic methods of finding cross-linguistic phraseological parallels – „from meaning to form“ and „from form to meaning“ used in this research proved their effectiveness. The first method helped collect linguistic material and analyze phraseological equivalents and analogues of the conceptual sphere of monetary relations, which acquire additional attribution in translation, are metaphorically reinterpreted in the code of intangible values or material low-level values, form synonymous series with variant-characteristics and reflect common Slavic traditional folk imagery. By employing the method of correlation of the worldview and lexical semantics, the method of the thematic principle of language material distribution I built a linguistic and cultural model of the conceptual sphere of monetary relations of closely related ethnic groups. The core of the conceptual sphere contains the folk-poetic proto-concept wealth, the generic concept pieniądze / money, the related species concept small payment means and the historical concepts gold, silver, metal. The main space of the conceptual sphere of monetary relations is occupied by the anthropic sphere (the conceptualization of national character traits, extra-national anthropic types, a person’s appearance and biological characteristics, the most necessary physical and material things, such as food, clothing, housing, work, and spiritual ones, such as beliefs. On the periphery of the conceptual sphere of monetary relations there are linguistic and cultural concepts which designate economic phenomena and cosmocentric characteristics of existence. The linguosemiotic method of searching for linguistic material “from form to meaning”, helped describe a special type of cross-language phraseological units, which demonstrate “non-monetary” semantics, but receive such a formal expression that in one language is associated with the sphere of monetary relations, and in the other one causes lacunarity.
Levels of competences and competencies of foreign language proficiency
Authors: Martynova R. U. , Bodnar S. V.
Published: September 2023

Nowadays the notions “competence” and “competency” are strictly differentiatedin the scientific literature but their use in the methodological works is not always appropriate according to theiressence. The problem is in the following: 1) some methodologists simply do not want to take into account thatcompetence in something is not only the proficiency of relevant knowledge, skills and abilities, but also the possibility of their creative application by making own product; 2) the terms “competence” and “competency”don’t still have different levels of proficiency depending on the amount of the material learned and the rangeof its practical application. Purpose. 1) To specify the competence approach in teaching foreign languages toschoolchildren and students, as well as young scientists and well-known Ukrainian theorists and practitionersin the field of Philology and Linguodidactics; 2) to determine the levels of competences and competencies ofstudents and their teachers with different scientific and methodological potential. Methods. Literature study onthe topic of the research, comparative analysis of different types of competences and competencies, generalizationof the scholars-philologists’ experience. Results. This study analysed the notions “language competences andcompetencies” and “speech competences and competencies” and determined their correlation. Three levels oflanguage and speech competences and competencies depending on the volume of normativity, the depth ofprevalence and scientific character of speech have been developed and substantiated. The precise distinctionbetween three levels has been defined and described. Conclusion. It has been concluded that three establishedlevels of language and speech competences and competencies will clarify the essence of these concepts, detailtheir components and become objective characteristics of real foreign language knowledge and skills.
Teaching Specialized Translation. Legal Language
Authors: Arrame Amal
Published: September 2023

Why do we need to teach translation? Scholars keep asking this question and they are trying to givemethodical answers according to their point of view and perspective, such as: translation is an ancient practicethat cannot be neglected since it contributes to acknowledge and discover the other one, the dissemination ofknowledge, sciences, cultures and human civilizations in their entirety. Thus, teaching translation cannot escapethis complexity of objectives that are clear at first sight, but vague and lacking in precision. On the other hand,we are talking about teaching translation as a professional discipline or as a practice that is indispensable forthe dissemination of knowledge and skills, for communication in different linguistic universes, governed bythe universal diversity of intercultural channels. In the case of legal translation, we are dealing with botha professional and an institutional necessity, which has led to a great demand for professional translators in thelegal field. The legal text is part of the technical texts, but it is characterized by its terminology gathering boththe general language and the language purely used in the field of the law; a specific form for each of the varioustypes of texts; and finally, a context subjected to laws and regulations.
Um Estudo Experimental Sôbre a Dinâmica da Regeneração Hepática
Authors: Guimarães J. P.
Published: September 2023

O Autor desenvolve considerações iniciais sôbre a arquitetura hepática segundo os pontos de vista sustentados por Rappaport, acentuando também a existência de diferenças funcionais entre as duas zonas do acino hepático. Para demonstrar a validade dessas proposições estudou-se a intoxicação tioacetamídica nos seus aspectos morfológicos e dinâmicos. O autor também estuda e discute a influência do equilíbrio endócrino sôbre a regeneração bepática, concluindo por propor uma hipótese de trabalho, segundo a qual o estímulo desencadeador da regeneração hepática seria um excesso relativo de hormônios e metabolitos circulantes, que se seguiria a uma hepatectomia parcial ou a destruição do parênquima hepático.
Understanding The E-Banking Adoption on MSMEs: An UTAUT Approach
Authors: Mustolih Amir , Mahardhika Arya Samudra
Published: September 2023

This study analyzes the acceptance and use of e-banking among MSMEs in Kebumen Regency using the UTAUT model approach. The UTAUT model suggests that the factors that play an important role in user acceptance include job expectations, business expectations, social influences, and facilitating conditions. This type of research is quantitative research and the data source used is primary data. The sampling technique in this study was using purposive sampling. Respondents in this study were 50 MSME actors in Kebumen Regency who already used e-banking. The hypothesis in this study was tested using SEM-PLS with WarpPLS 7.0. The results in this study indicate that the first model, namely performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence are factors that influence behavioral intention. The second model of behavioral intention is a factor that affects Use behavioral, while facilitating conditions do not affect Use behavioral in the use of e-banking for MSMEs in Kebumen Regency.
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan, Locus of Control Terhadap Kinerja Pengelola Keuangan pada Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kota Palopo
Authors: Insyirah Afiqah Syahrani , Jasman Jumawan
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepemimpinan dan locus of control terhadap kinerja pengelola keuangan pada Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kota Palopo. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan survey dengan memberikan daftar pernyataan kepada respon dalam hal ini wajib orang pribadi.Kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada responden sebanyak 30 eksemplar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda dengan tambahan uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan pengujian hipotesis berupa uji koefisien determinasi (R­2) dan uji parsial(t). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa: berdasarkan hasil penelitian analisis data di ketahui bahwa kepemimpinan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pengelola keuangan pada Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kota Palopo. Sedangkan locus of control berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja pengelola keuangan dimana locus of control terbagi dua yaitu internal berpengaruh positif dan eksternal berpengeruh negatif pada Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kota Palopo.
Sistem Akuntansi Keuangan Daerah, Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi Dan Sistem Pengendalian Intern Terhadap Kualitas Laporan Keuangan Pada Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah Kota Baubau
Authors: Imran Muhammad
Published: September 2023

Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk: (1)  menguji dan menganalisis signifikansi pengaruh sistem akuntansi keuangan daerah terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan; (2) Untuk menguji dan menganalisis signifikansi pengaruh teknologi informasi terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan; (3) Untuk menguji dan menganalisis signifikansi pengaruh sistem pengendalian intern terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan; (4) Untuk menguji dan menganalisis variabel yang lebih dominan berpengaruh terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah Seluruh Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah di Kota Baubau yang terdiri dari 23 Dinas, 5 Badan dan 1 Bagian. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik sampling terhadap kepala bagian keuangan dan bendahara. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan kuesioner dan diolah dengan menggunakan aplikasi SPSS.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) sistem akuntansi keuangan daerah berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan; (2) teknologi informasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan; (3) sistem pengendalian intern berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan; (4) teknologi informasi merupakan variabel yang lebih dominan berpengaruh terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan.
Pengaruh Pelatihan, Kompetensi dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Guru SMP Negeri 2 Ambal
Authors: Harsono Cipto , Khasanah Nur
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelatihan, kompetensi dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja guru SMP Negeri 2 Ambal secara parsial dan pengaruh pelatihan, kompetensi, dan motivasi kerja secara simultan terhadap kinerja guru SMP Negeri 2 Ambal. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah guru SMP Negeri 2 Ambal yang berjumlah 35 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan penyebaran kuesioner. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah: analisis deskriptif; analisis statistika yang meliputi uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas; uji asumsi klasik yang meliputi uji multikolinieritas, uji heteroskesdastisitas, dan uji normalitas; uji hipotesis yang meliputi uji parsial (uji t), uji simultan (uji f) dan koefisien determinasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: variabel pelatihan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja guru SMP Negeri 2 Ambal; variabel kompetensi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja Guru SMP Negeri 2 Ambal; variabel motivasi kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja guru SMP Negeri 2 Ambal; variabel pelatihan, kompetensi, dan motivasi kerja secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja guru SMP Negeri 2 Ambal.
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional, Kecerdasan Emosional, dan Self Efficacy Terhadap Perilaku Kerja Inovatif Guru SLB N Tamanwinangun Kebumen
Authors: Pertiwi Tria , Prasetyo Anton
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepemimpinan transformasional, kecerdasan emosional, self efficacy terhadap perilaku kerja inovatif guru SLB N Tamanwinangun Kebumen. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer. Penelitian ini menggunakan 40 responden sebagai sampel penelitian yang ditarik berdasarkan sampling jenuh. Pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner berdasarkan skala likert yang telah dimodifikasi dengan 4 skala. Metode analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda dengan bantuan SPSS 23 for windows. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan uji t menunjukan bahwa variabel kepemimpinan transformasional berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perilaku kerja inovatif guru SLB N Tamanwinangun Kebumen. Variabel kecerdasan emosional berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perilaku kerja inovatif guru SLB N Tamanwinangun Kebumen. Variabel self efficacy berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perilaku kerja inovatif guru SLB N Tamanwsinangun Kebumen. Variabel kepemimpinan transformasional, kecerdasan emosional, dan self efficacy secara bersama-sama berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perilaku kerja inovatif guru SLB N Tamanwinangun Kebumen. Hasil pengujian koefisien determinasi nilai R Square variabel perilaku kerja inovatif dipengaruhi oleh kepemimpinan transformasional, kecerdasan emosional dan self efficacy sebesar 48,6% dan sisanya 51,4% varibel perilaku kerja inovatif dipengaruhi oleh variabel-variabel diluar model penelitian ini.
Pengaruh Servant Leadership dan Person Organization Fit Terhadap Loyalitas Pegawai dengan Kepuasan Kerja sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Rindahati Rezilia , Helmy Irfan
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingakat loyalitas pegawai Non PNS UPTD Puskemas Alian. Penelitian ini menggunakan variabel servant leadership dan person organization fit untuk menganalisis pengaruh loyalitas pegawai Non PNS UPTD Puskesmas Alian. Selain itu, penelitian ini menggunakan variabel kepuasan kerja sebagai variabel intervening untuk menganalisis pengaruh antara servant leadership dan person organization fit terhadap loyalitas pegawai Non PNS UPTD Puskesmas Alian, populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pegawai Non PNS UPTD Puskesmas Alian yang berjumlah 34 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah sampel jenuh sehingga jumlah seluruh populasi digunakan untuk dijadikan sampel. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji validitas dan reliabilitas, uji asumsi klasik, analisis jalur, uji hipotesis, uji sobel dan analisis korelasi. Alat bantu pengolahan data menggunakan SPSS 25.0 for windows. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa servant leadership berpengaruh positif terhadap kepuasan kerja. Person organization fit berpengaruh positif terhadap kepuasan kerja. Servant leadership tidak berpengaruh langsung terhadap loyalitas pegawai. Person organization fit berpengaruh langsung terhadap loyalitas pegawai. Kepuasan kerja berpengaruh langsung terhadap loyalitas pegawai. Kepuasan kerja dapat memediasi antara servant leadership terhadap loyalitas pegawai. Kepuasan kerja tidak memediasi antara person organization fit terhadap loyalitas pegawai.
Pengaruh Pengawasan Keuangan Daerah, Akuntabilitas, dan Transparansi Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah Terhadap Kinerja Pemerintah
Authors: Amali Muhammad Nasrul , Suwandi Eko Darmawan
Published: September 2023

This study was aimed at finding out (1) the effect of local finance supervision on Local Government performance, (2) the effect of local finance management accountability on Local Government performance, (3) the effect of local finance management transparency on Local Government performance, and (4) the effect of local finance supervision, local finance management accountability and local finance management transparency on Local Government performance. This study was conducted in the SKPD of Kebumen Regency using a population of 52 people. The data used in the supervision sector were of qualitative types and their source was a primary source. The data were collected using questionnaire. The data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis aided by SPSS program of version 25.00. This study was aimed at finding out (1) Regional financial supervisor has not effect on the performance of the Kebumen Regency government, (2) financial management accountability has not effect on the performance of the Kebumen Regency government, (3) the transparency of financial management has not effect on the performance of the Kebumen Regency government,(4) the local finance supervision, accountability and transparency in the finance management have a effect on the Local Government of Buleleng Regency performance.
Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Buah Rambusa (Passiflora Foetida L) Terhadap Peningkatan Kadar Hemoglobin Darah (Hb) Mencit Jantan (Mus Musculus)
Authors: Widyastuti Sri
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian  ekstrak buah Rambusa (Passiflora foetida L) terhadap peningkatan kadar hemoglobin pada mencit (Mus musculus) dan menentukan pada konsentrasi berapa yang paling efektif. Penelitian ini menggunakan 15 ekor hewan uji mencit yang dibagi atas 5 kelompok yang diukur kadar hemoglobin awalnya sebelum diberikan natrium nitrit sebagai penginduksi selama 14 hari, kemudian diukur kadar hemoglobin pada hari ke 15, kemudian diberikan  perlakuan, kelompok I (kontrol negatif) diberi Na-CMC, kelompok II, III, dan IV, masing-masing diberikan ekstrak buah Rambusa konsentrasi 0,75% b/v, 1,5% b/v dan 2,25% b/v, sebagai kelompok perlakuan dan untuk kelompok V (kontrol positif) diberikan sangobion 0,15% b/v sebagai pembanding, diukur kadar hemoglobin setelah perlakuan pada hari ke- 15, 16 dan 17. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak buah Rambusa berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan kadar hemoglobin pada mencit jantan. Berdasarkan analisis Varians menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang bermakna antar perlakuan (P 0.000 < 0.05). Ekstrak buah Rambusa konsentrasi 2,25% b/v menunjukkan penagaruh paling efektif terhadap peningkatan kadar hemoglobin, tetapi efeknya masih lebih rendah dibandingkan pemberian suspensi Sangobion 0,15% b/v sebagai kontrol positif.
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kenikir (cosmos caudatus k.) terhadap Bakteri Propionibacterium Acnes
Authors: Alif Yunio Rifo
Published: September 2023

Jerawat merupakan penyakit kulit yang disebabkan adanya infeksi bakteri, salah satunya bakteri Propionibacterium acnes yang menyerang 85% populasi dengan usia 11-30 tahun. Daun kenikir mengandung beberapa senyawa metabolit sekunder seperti flavonoid, tanin, saponin, steroid dan terpenoid yang efektif menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Propionibacterium acnes. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan antibakteri dan mencari konsentrasi terbaik ekstrak etanol daun kenikir terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnes. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain true experimental. Daun kenikir diekstrak menggunakan pelarut etanol 96% dengan dan dimaserasi selama 3x24 jam. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode difusi sumuran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun kenikir mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Propionibacterium acnes. Hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan uji One way Anova menunjukkan adanya perbedaan hasil yang didapatkan dari ekstrak dengan nilai signifikasi <0,05 yang artinya ekstrak etanol daun kenikir dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Propionibacterium acnes. Konsentrasi ekstrak 80%, 90% dan 100% seluruhnya mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Propionibacterium acnes, dengan daya hambat terbaik pada konsentrasi 100% dengan diameter rata-rata 15,67 mm dan berkekuatan kuat.
Perbandingan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol dan Sediaan Krim Tabir Surya Daun Tapak Dara (Catharanthus roseus L.) Dengan Uji DPPH
Authors: Nurhaliza Siti
Published: September 2023

Antioksidan adalah senyawa yangmemiliki peran sebagai penangkal radikal bebas yang terjadi akibat radiasi matahari, radiasi yang terus menerus terjadi dapat menyebabkan kerusakan pada kulit. Antioksidan tinggi bisa didapat dari tumbuhan alam, seperti tapak dara. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode eksperimental murni dengan rancangan kuantitatif yang dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk melihat perbandingan antioksidan ekstrak etanol dan krim tabir surya daun tapak dara, pengujian dilakukan dengan metode DPPH  dengan menentukan panjang gelombang absorbansi menggunakan  alat Spektrofotometer-Visible. Uji aktivitas antioksidan yang dilakukan pada ekstrak etanol menghasilkan nilai  sebesar 146,62 ppm sedangkan pada krim formulasi 1, 2, dan 3 berturut-turut yaitu 416,84 ppm, 324,80 ppm, dan 298.394 ppm. Hasil menandakan bahwa aktivitas antioksidan pada ekstrak dalam kategori sedang, sedangkan pada krim sangat lemah, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa antioksidan pada ekstrak lebih kuat dibanding krim.