bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is a clavicle fracture a contraindication for swinging (Schultz's method) of a child born with asphyxiation?
Authors: Strogonov V.
Published: September 2020

The article is prompted by the report of one case by Heydrich from the Breslavl polyclinic, which was published in No. 7 1890 Centralbl. fr Gynaec.
To the study of gonorrhoid lesions of the oral cavity in newborns
Authors: Strogonov B.
Published: September 2020

L. reports an interesting case of affection of the upper lip of a newborn with tripe poison.
A case of recovery from a ruptured uterus
Authors: Strogonov V.
Published: September 2020

D. reports the following extremely interesting case of recovery from a ruptured uterus.
Further reports on intrauterine injection of glycerin, in response to Pfannenstiel's article
Authors: Strogonov V.
Published: September 2020

Pelzer does not quite objectively object to his opponent's article; he believes that the harmful effect of glycerin in the cases observed by Pfannenstiel has not been proven that the increase in temperature was dependent on irritation of the warm center with glycerol, and that air embolism can be completely eliminated with the careful application of the method recommended by him.
A case of late birth
Authors: Kakushkin N.
Published: September 2020

Secondary, gave birth at least 11 months after the start of pregnancy.
About the use of elastic ligatures for ligation of the leg during celiac disease
Authors: Kakushkin N.
Published: September 2020

The author uses a rubber band of 4 millimeters to bandage the leg. thick and immerses it forever in the abdominal cavity.
Supravaginal amputation of the septic postpartum uterus
Authors: Kakushkin N.
Published: September 2020

After arbitrary childbirth and manual removal of the placenta, the parturient woman developed symptoms of sepsis.
Woman tripper
Authors: Kaplyanskiy B.
Published: September 2020

In view of the vastness of Dr. Luther's brochure (150 pages), we present here as brief as possible an extract from it.
La emergencia de la diabetes en una comunidad tapiete de Salta: género, etnicidad y relaciones con el sistema de salud
Authors: Hirsch Silvia , Alonso Valeria
Published: September 2020

En Argentina, la ocurrencia de diabetes y otras enfermedades crónicas en población indígena aún no ha sido suficientemente estudiada. Este trabajo es resultado de una exploración etnográfica de las determinaciones socioculturales y de género de los procesos de atención y prevención de diabetes en indígenas tapietes de la provincia de Salta. La investigación combinó observación participante con entrevistas a varones y mujeres de edad adulta y con diagnóstico de diabetes, y entrevistas a enfermeras y médicas de un centro de atención primaria de Misión Los Tapietes y de un hospital de Tartagal, entre los meses de agosto y septiembre de 2019. En la comunidad se ha observado la creciente presencia de diabetes, junto con la falta de articulación de las intervenciones sociosanitarias con las prácticas nativas de salud-enfermedad-atención; los problemas en la comunicación del diagnóstico y tratamiento; y las dificultades de acceso al sistema de salud. El artículo discute la complejidad de la transición epidemiológica, los sentidos de la enfermedad crónica para los varones y las mujeres, la emergencia traumática de la diabetes y las dificultades en el ejercicio del derecho a la salud de los pueblos originarios.
Antimicrobial Efficacy of Silver Nanoparticles Incorporated in an Orthodontic Adhesive: An Animal Study
Authors: Bahador Abbas , Ayatollahi Baharnaz , Akhavan Azam , Pourhajibagher Maryam , Kharazifard Mohammad Javad , Sodagar Ahmad
Published: September 2020

Objectives: This study assessed the antimicrobial efficacy of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) incorporated in Transbond XT orthodontic adhesive used in rats.
Materials and Methods: Transbond XT orthodontic adhesive containing 0%, 1%, 5% and 10% AgNPs was experimentally produced. Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=7) of control (0% AgNPs), 1% AgNPs, 5% AgNPs and 10% AgNPs. After anesthetizing the rats, one drop (10 μm) of the adhesive was applied on the central incisor, and light-cured for 20 s. Transbond XT composite (1×1×1 mm) was also applied. Another 10-μm drop was applied over it, and light-cured for 40 s. Biofilm test was carried out, and the number of colony forming units (CFUs) of Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis), Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) in the saliva of rats was counted at baseline and 24 h after the application of adhesive. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test.
Results: In presence of 5% and 10% AgNPs, S. sanguinis and L. acidophilus counts were significantly lower than those in the control and 1% AgNP groups (P<0.05). The S. mutans colony count was significantly lower in presence of all concentrations of AgNPs compared with the control group (P<0.05). The S. mutans colony count in 10% AgNP group was significantly lower than that in 1% and 5% AgNP groups (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Silver nanoparticles have dose-dependent antimicrobial effects; 5% concentration is the minimum concentration of AGNPs with optimal antimicrobial efficacy against all strains evaluated in this study.
New Internship Course at Health Centers for Dental Undergraduates of Babol University of Medical Sciences in 2014: Students' Perception
Authors: Naghibi Sistani Mohammad Mehdi , Aziznejad Mahdiye , Khodadadi Effat
Published: September 2020

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate an innovative internship course at health centers for final-year dental undergraduates and to report initial students’ perceptions.
Materials and Methods: The Department of Community Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry with the collaboration of the Vice-Chancellor of Health of Babol University of Medical Sciences prepared an educational and clinical training course, named Health Centers Dental Rotation (HCDR), in January 2014. Final year (6th year) dental undergraduates were divided into groups of two or three and worked as an operator or assistant at 12 health centers (six rural and six urban). Students had to fulfill the educational and therapeutic requirements for three weeks. Students' perspectives related to the course objectives were recorded using a five-point Likert scale with a voluntary anonymous questionnaire.
Results: Forty-four dental students, 26 (60%) females and 18 (40%) males, provided oral health care services at the health centers. Based on the students' perspectives, almost all students (95%) realized the limitations of the health centers. The HCDR improved the awareness of 75% of the students about oral health needs and problems of patients referring to these centers. Although 68% of the students declared that participating in this course was a valuable educational experience, 38.6% described it as displeasing.
Conclusion: From the students' perspectives, this course was a worthwhile and positive internship experience and provided an opportunity for students to understand the specific oral health needs of patients attending these health centers and to realize their key role in the oral health system.
Detection and Molecular Characterization of Babesia canis vogeli and Theileria annulata in Free-Ranging Dogs and Ticks from Shahriar County, Tehran Province, Iran
Authors: HABIBI Gholamreza , IMANI Alireza , AFSHARI Asghar , BOZORGI Soghra
Published: September 2020

Background: We aimed to detect and characterize vector-borne parasites of Babesia and Theileria in dog and ticks by PCR assay. Canine babesiosis is a significant tick-borne disease caused by different Babesia species.  As the infection has not been reported in Shahriar region Tehran, Iran, molecular techniques allowed us to identify tick-borne parasites in asymptomatic dogs.
Methods: The number of 40 dog peripheral blood samples and 27 skin attached ticks were analyzed by molecular PCR assay. The specific primers were used for detecting Babesia canis, B. gibsoni and T. annulata.
Results: B. c. vogeli was detected in 10 dog blood samples (25%). Additionally, T. annulata infection was identified in 13 dog blood samples (32.5%) and 18 isolated tick DNAs (66.7%). The results of PCR were confirmed by 18S rRNA and Tams1 gene sequence analyzing and have been registered in GenBank under following accession numbers for B. c. vogeli (MH793502) and T. annulata (MK105284).
Conclusion: The verification of T. annulata infection in free-ranging dogs and ticks shows dogs might be considered as important natural carriers/reservoirs for T. annulata in enzootic region for bovine theileriosis. The obtained data may be useful for veterinary practitioners and dog owners to aware of Babesia and Theileria infection in dog and tick to establish the effective preventive measures.
Comparative Expression Profile Analysis of Apoptosis-Related miRNA and Its Target Gene in Leishmania major Infected Macrophages
Authors: LASJERDI Zohreh , GHANBARIAN Hossein , MOHAMMADI YEGANEH Samira , SEYYED TABAEI Seyyed Javad , MOHEBALI Mehdi , TAGHIPOUR Niloofar , KOOCHAKI Ameneh , HAMIDI Faezeh , GHOLAMREZAEI Mostafa , HAGHIGHI Ali
Published: September 2020

Background: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is an emerging uncontrollable and neglected infectious disease worldwide including Iran. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression profile of apoptosis- related miRNA and its target gene in macrophages.
Methods: This study was carried out in the Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran from January 2016 to November 2018. Applying literature reviews, bioinformatics software, and microarray expression analysis, we selected miRNA-24-3p interfering in apoptosis pathway. The expression profile of this miRNA and target gene were investigated in Leishmania major (MRHO/IR/75/ER)-infected primary and RAW 264.7 macrophages (IBRC-C10072) compared with non-infected macrophages (control group) using quantitative Real-time PCR.
Results: Results of bioinformatics analysis showed that miR-24-3p as anti-apoptotic miRNA inhibits pro-apoptotic genes (Caspases 3 and 7). Microarray expression data presented in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) revealed a significant difference in the expression level of selected miRNA and its target gene between two groups. QRT-PCR results showed that the expression of miR-24-3p was upregulated in L. major infectioned macrophages that approved the results of bioinformatics and microarray analysis.
Conclusion: Parasite can alter miRNAs expression pattern in the host cells to establish infection and its survival. Alteration in miRNAs levels likely plays an important role in regulating macrophage functions following L. major infection. These results could highlight current understanding and new insights concerning the gene expression in macrophages during leishmaniasis and will help to development of novel strategies for control and treatment of CL.
Design, Expression and Purification of Strongyloides stercoralis IgG4 Immunoreactive Protein (NIE) in Escherichia coli
Authors: DASTAN Katayoun , ASSMAR Mehdi , AMIRMOZAFARI Nour , GHANAEI Fariborz Mansour , MIRPOUR Mirsasan
Published: September 2020

Background: Strongyloidiasis is a public health concern in northern regions of Iran, caused by Strongyloides stercoralis. Auto-infection cycle can be resulted in high parasitic load, especially in immunocompromised hosts. Because of low sensitivity of stool culture and stool-based microscopy techniques, detection of antibodies in patient’s sera can be an alternative diagnostic technique for detection of the nematode. In the present study, as the first step of the development of an ELISA kit for the detection of antibodies against the nematode, IgG4 immunoreactive protein (NIE) was expressed in Escherichia coli expression system, purified and verified.
Methods: The NIE gene sequence was retrieved from the GenBank. This sequence was codon-optimized for the expression in E. coli BL21 (DE3). The sequence was inserted into the expression vector pET-30b (+). The recombinant vector was then transferred into competent E. coli BL21 (DE3). Transformed colonies were selected and verified by colony PCR. NIE gene expression was induced with IPTG induction. The protein production was evaluated by SDS-PAGE and verified using Western blotting.
Results: The codon-optimized NIE gene had required parameters for expression in E. coli. NIE protein was proved and verified by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. 
Conclusion: NIE recombinant protein was successfully expressed in E. coli expression system in appropriate amounts. The recombinant protein can be used for developing ELISA kit in diagnosis of S. stercoralis.
Evaluation of Toll-Like Receptor 11 Agonist Adjuvant Activity in Immunization of BALB/c Mice with Total Lysate Antigens of Toxoplasma gondii RH Strain
Authors: SHOKRI Meysam , HAZRATI TAPPEH Khosro , MESHKINI Elyar , AMINPOUR Arash
Published: September 2020

Background: In this study, the effect of total lysate antigen (TLA) of Toxoplasma gondii on spleen lymphocyte prolifration, secretion of IL5, INF-γ, and mice survival time was evaluated using agonist of toll-like receptor (TLR) 11, as an adjuvant.
Results: Mice immunized with TLA + adjuvant showed higher immunization index than the two other groups and combination of TLR11 (as an adjuvant) and TLA significantly elevated the effect of TLA by increasing the production of INF-γ and IL-5 and by the shift of the immune system to Th1. In addition, the combination of TLA and TLR11 adjuvant increased the proliferation of lymphocytes and survival time in mice against T. gondii.
Conclusion: Profilin (as an adjuvant) in combination with TLA could be a potent vaccine candidate that evokes a powerful specific immune response and significantly improves the efficacy of TLA vaccine by increasing the induction of INF-γ production and by shifting the immune responses to Th1 profile through increasing the INF-γ/IL-5 ratio. It causes significant protection against T. gondii after i.p. injection.
Anthelmintic Efficacy of Supramolecular Complex of Praziquantel Obtained by Mechanochemical Technology
Authors: ARKHIPOV Ivan , KHALIKOV Salavat , DUSHKIN Alexander , SADOV Konstantin , METELEVA Elizaveta , ARISOV Michael , VARLAMOVA Anastasiya
Published: September 2020

Background: A supramolecular complex of praziquantel (PZQ) with disodium salt of glycyrrhizic acid (Na2GA) was obtained by mechanochemical technology to increase solubility, absorption rate and hence bioavailability of the drug and reduction its therapeutic doses. The aim of our study was evaluation of anthelmintic efficacy of supramolecular complex of PZQ.
Methods: Different samples of PZQ with Na2GA were obtained by mechanochemical processing and examined for some physico-chemical properties. The anthelmintic activity of the most perspective samples was studied on the laboratory model of Hymenolepis nana infection of mice and Moniezia expansa infection of sheep by the results of helminthological necropsy of the small intestines (the controlled test).
Results: A high efficacy (> 98%) of supramolecular complex of PZQ with Na2GA (1/10) was shown at doses of 3; 2 and 1 mg/kg of body weight at single oral administration against H. nana in mice and M. expansa in sheep. While the basic PZQ had 27.19% and 36.64% efficacy respectively at the dose of 1 mg/kg. The PZQ:Na2GA 1/10 physical mixture (without mechanochemical processing) revealed no anthelmintic efficacy.
Conclusion: Joint mechanochemical treatment the PZQ substance and Na2GA led to increased solubility, reduction of particle sizes, amorphization of substance, incorporating it with micelles of glycyrrhizic acid and high anthelmintic efficacy in reduced dose. The supramolecular complex of praziquantel was found to be a perspective anthelminthic with enhanced pharmacological activity that needs further research.
High-Resolution Melting Analysis in Comparison with Microscopic Method: An Experimental Study to Diagnosis of Plasmodium Species Infections in Human
Authors: ALLAHMORADI Mahya , MOTEVALLI HAGHI Afsaneh , NATEGHPOUR Mehdi , MOHEBALI Mehdi , RAEISI Ahmad , HOSSEINI SAFA Ahmad , MOHTASEBI Sina , ABBASZADEH AFSHAR Mohammad Javad
Published: September 2020

Background: Among the human parasitic diseases, malaria is the main cause of morbidity and mortality. To prevent the high mortality and tracking malaria elimination efforts, a prompt and sensitive diagnosis is essential.  This study aimed to compare High-Resolution Melting (HRM) and microscopic methods to diagnose Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax.
Methods: Eighty-one blood samples were collected from patients with clinical symptoms who were suspect to malaria in Chabahar district, southeastern Iran and also, from those who were referred to Malaria National Laboratory in the Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Microscopic examination and HRM method were used to the diagnosis of Plasmodium parasites simultaneously.
Results: Microscopic results revealed 45 positive cases (12 P. falciparum and 33 P. vivax) out of 81 collected samples while according to HRM analysis results 11 and 33 samples were identified as P. falciparum and P. vivax, respectively. HRM analysis also revealed 1 mixed infection of P. falciparum and P. malariae.
Conclusion: HRM analysis provides a promising mean for simultaneous detection and discrimination of the Plasmodium spp. especially in mixed infection cases.
Prevalence of Soil–Transmitted Helminth Infections and Associ-ated Risk Factors among Schoolchildren in Nakhon Si Thamma-rat, Thailand
Authors: LAORAKSAWONG Pokkamol , SUNTARALUK Aubonrat , KONGNIL Watcharapong , PONGPANITANONT Pongphan , JANWAN Penchom
Published: September 2020

Background: Soil–transmitted helminth infections constitute a public health problem in the rural areas of tropical and subtropical regions, including Thailand. We aimed to determine the prevalence of soil–transmitted helminth infections and underlying risk factors among the schoolchildren living in the rural areas of southern Thailand.
Methods: A cross–sectional survey was conducted between Sep and Nov 2018 in the district of Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand. A total of 192 children, aged 6–12 yr were enrolled. Each child provided a single stool sample that was subjected to a suite of microscopic diagnoses for soil–transmitted helminth. A questionnaire was administered to determine risk factors of the infections. Logistic regression models were applied to investigate associations.
Results: The overall prevalence of soil–transmitted helminth infections was 3.13%; Strongyloides stercoralis 2.08%; hookworm 1.04% and Trichuris trichiura 0.52%. Children who cutting fingernails short can prevent soil–transmitted helminth infections highly up to 90% (crude OR = 0.1; 95% confidence interval = 0 – 0.8; P = 0.020).
Conclusion: The finding of the study shows a sharp decrease in the prevalence of soil–transmitted helminth among schoolchildren in the southern Thailand in the past two decades with prevalence dropping below 5% for soil–transmitted helminth. However, the prevalence of S. stercoralis remained stable over time. These results suggest that the culture method should be used to access strongyloidiasis situation in the older age group who greater contact with soil for agriculturists.
Assessment of Transmural Dispersion of Repolarization in Children with Mitral Valve Prolapse
Authors: Ghandi Yazdan , Ghahremani Bita , Habibi Danial , Pouya Afsane , Sadrnia Saiid
Published: September 2020

Background: Children with mitral valve prolapse (MVP) may be prone to ventricular arrhythmias due to transmural dispersion of repolarization (TDR). This study aimed to assess alterations in ventricular repolarization in children with MVP and to investigate their relationships with the degree of mitral regurgitation.
Methods: Fifty children with MVP and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy children as controls were studied. Twelve-lead electrocardiography and echocardiography were performed in all the subjects. TDR parameters were QT and QTc intervals, QTc dispersion, Tp-e interval, Tp-e interval dispersion, Tp-e/QT, Tp-e/QTc, JTc, JTc dispersion, Tp-e/JT, and Tp-e/JTc.
Results: The mean age of the 50 patients with MVP was 12.45±2.50 years (F/M: 15/35). There were no significant differences in QT and QTc intervals between the 2 groups. QTc dispersion (P=0.001), Tp-e dispersion interval (P=0.002), Tp-e/QTc (P=0.001), JTc dispersion (P=0.023), Tp-e/JT (P=0.004), and Tp-e/JTc (P=0.002) were significantly higher in the patients with MVP than in the healthy controls. Positive correlations were found between Tp-e dispersion interval and Tp-e/QTc and an increase in the degree of mitral regurgitation (P=0.012, r=0.42 and P=0.004, r=0.31, respectively). Additionally, positive correlations were detected between JTc dispersion and Tp-e/JTc and an increase in the degree of mitral regurgitation (P=0.032, r=0.20 and P=0.024, r=0.42, correspondingly).
Conclusion: In this study, TDR was damaged in children with MVP and was positively correlated with an increase in the degree of mitral regurgitation. It appears that children with MVP are prone to life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias.
Percutaneous Balloon Mitral Valvuloplasty and Early Right Atrial Clot Formation: A Case Report
Authors: Salehi Rezvaniyeh , Abadi Naser Aslan , Parizad Razieh , Mirzayi Sanam , Javanshir Elnaz
Published: September 2020

Percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty (PBMV) has recently become the treatment of choice for many patients suffering from mitral stenosis. In the current report, we introduce a 26-year-old woman who presented to us with palpitation and exertional dyspnea but without any remarkable medical history. ECG illustrated the sinus rhythm, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) showed severe rheumatic mitral stenosis and (2+) mitral regurgitation, and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) demonstrated severe mitral stenosis and no thrombus. Accordingly, the patient underwent percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy (PTMC). On the following day, TTE showed a fresh mobile thrombus in the right atrium attached to the atrial septum, which was confirmed by TEE. As a result, the patient received 1 mg/kg (60 mg) of enoxaparin subcutaneously twice daily plus 5 mg of warfarin daily. Subsequent TTE revealed no mass 4 days after the treatment. Evidence suggests that endocardial surface injury and trans-septal puncture during PTMC may be associated with clot formation, which is aggravated by low blood flow in the right atrium and the catheter as a foreign body. This case report emphasizes the importance of postPTMC anticoagulant therapy.
Efectos conductuales y sociales de la violencia familiar en niños mexicanos
Authors: Frías Armenta Martha , Rodríguez Irma , Gaxiola Romero José
Published: September 2020

Se examinan los efectos de la violencia doméstica en niños. Se seleccionaron 300 familias al azaren la ciudad de Hermosillo, Sonora, México. Se entrevistó a dos miembros de cada familia: la madre y un menor al azar. Se aplicó una batería de instrumentos de información demográfica: datos acerca del consumo de alcohol de los padres, agresiones del padre contra la madre, maltrato que recibían los menores de sus padres y los problemas de conducta infantiles. Al analizar estos datos se obtuvieron estadísticas univariadas. Posteriormente se examinaron las variables utilizando un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales. Los resultados mostraron que tanto el maltrato recibido como el ser testigo de la violencia que recibía la madre, tuvieron repercusiones en la conducta delictiva y antisocial de los menores. Los niños presentaron problemas de atención, ansiedad, depresión, timidez y somatización. El nivel educativo de la madre tuvo un efecto significativo en los problemas de conducta infantil. De la misma manera, la escolaridad de los maridos tuvo un efecto negativo en las agresiones que ellos dirigían contra sus esposas. El consumo de alcohol de los padres se relacion ópositivamente con el maltrato infantil.
Psicología de la salud y adicciones: perspectiva terapéutica
Authors: Becoña Iglesias Elisardo , Oblitas Guadalupe Luis Armando
Published: September 2020

El tema de las adicciones sigue tan vigente como en el siglo pasado, no solo por el incremento del número de personas que lo padecen sino también por las importantes secuelas que produceen el individuo y en su entorno. Existen diferentes enfoques teóricos para abordar la problemáticade las adicciones, sin embargo el que nos parece más conveniente por sus resultados terapéuticos es el que proviene desde la Psicología de la salud, basado en un enfoque integral en el abordaje del sujeto. El artículo fundamentalmente describe un esquema terapéutico general de su aplicación a los adictos, desde el enfoque cognitivo-conductual.
Orientaciones innovativas en la evaluación y educación de niños en situación de desventaja sociocultural
Authors: Majluf Alegría
Published: September 2020

En el presente trabajo se describen los supuestos de la psicometría tradicional, no apropiada para niños que sufren de privación socio-cultural y las nuevas estrategias para la evaluación y educación de estos niños. Para una mejor comprensión de éstas se mencionará la orientación socio-cultural iniciada por Vygotsky, se destacara el concepto de Zona de Desarrollo Próximo,la evaluación Dinámica y el Aprendizaje Mediado, ampliado por Feuerstein y complementado por Coll respecto al Aprendizaje Significativo.
Personalidad y rendimiento académico en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Niño de Guzmán Isabel , Calderón Arturo , Cassaretto Mónica
Published: September 2020

Se investigó la relación entre personalidad, rendimiento académico y otras variables en 170 universitarios, mediante dos instrumentos validados para esta población: el NEO PI-R de Costay McCrae y el EPPS de Edwards4• Se consideró las variables edad, ciclo académico, percepcióndel rendimiento, de la propia motivación para estudiar, y fuentes de apoyo. Se confirmo la validez y confiabilidad de ambas pruebas y sus respectivas correlaciones. Se encontraron asociaciones entre el rendimiento y conciencia, perseverancia, cambio y agresión. El rendimiento fue mejor explicado por la aspiraciones de logro, reflexión, cambio, percepción del rendimientoy edad del estudiante.
Magnitud del Efecto: Una guía para investigadores y usuarios
Authors: Coe Robert , Merino Soto César
Published: September 2020

El presente artículo describe un método para cuantificar la magnitud de las diferencias entredos mediciones y/o el grado del efecto de una variable sobre un criterio, y es llamado lamedida de la magnitud del efecto, de su uso en contextos de investigación y aplicados proporciona un información complementaria bastante descriptiva, mejorando la interpretaciónde los resultados obtenidos por los métodos tradicionales que enfatizan la significación estadística. Existen varias formas de interpretar el estadístico d, y se presenta un ejemplo,tomado de una investigación experimental, para aclarar los conceptos y cálculos necesarios.Este método no es robusto a ciertas condiciones que pueden distorsionar su interpretación, por ejemplo, la no normalidad de los datos entre otros; se mencionan métodos alternativos alestadístico d. Finalizamos con unas conclusiones que advierten sobre su apropiado uso.
Contenidos Rorschach en una muestra peruana
Authors: Raez de Ramírez Matilde
Published: September 2020

Se investigó el área de Contenidos Rorschach en 237 habitantes de Lima. Los Contenidos constituyen un indicador para la comprensión de características básicas de la personalidad (auto-percepción, relaciones interpersonales, mediación cognitiva e ideación). El estudio fue descriptivo con muestreo probabilístico accidental. Las variables fueron edad, género, nivel de escolaridad. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva para analizar contenidos y variables demográficas, y no paramétrica (Kruskall-Wallis) para comparar datos. Los resultados destacan la ausencia de contenidos religiosos (Rl) y la importancia de contenidos anatómicos (An) entodas las variables. Los géneros difieren significativamente: los hombres interesados en lacultura y afán de logros y las mujeres, en el hogar. En cuanto a nivel de escolaridad, el grupo de educación superior y secundaria completa obtiene signos de solidaridad, interés en la socialización y mayor riqueza cognitiva.
Lolas Stepke, F. (2002). Escritos sobre vejez, envejecimiento y muerte. !quique, Chile: Universidad Arturo Prat, 291 pp.
Authors: Llanos Zuloaga Roberto
Published: September 2020

No contiene resumen
Estudio epidemiológico de los trastornos alimentarios y factores asociados en Lima Metropolitana
Authors: Martínez Patricia
Published: September 2020

El presente estudio consistió en analizar la prevalencia de los trastornos alimentarios en la población de mujeres adolescentes escolares de Lima Metropolitana y los factores asociados a dichos trastornos. Asimismo, se buscó determinar la población en riesgo de desarrollar alguno de estos trastornos. Se evaluó un total de 2141 adolescentes entre los 13 y los 19 años, de 3° a 5° de secundaria, seleccionadas mediante un muestreo probabilístico bietápico por conglomerados y estratificado según régimen de gestión del colegio (público o privado), y se les aplicó el Inventario de Conductas Alimentarias (ICA) de Zusman (2000). Los resultados mostraron un 16.4% de casos con uno o más trastornos alimentarios y un 15.1% de la población en situación de riesgo.
Transformaciones familiares: desafío para la educación del siglo XXI
Authors: Jadue Gladys
Published: September 2020

Este artículo analiza algunos factores sociales que han incrementado las transformaciones en la familia, aumentando el riesgo en los hijos de bajo rendimiento, desadaptación, y problemas emocionales y conductuales, los cuales pueden dar lugar al abandono de las aulas. Entre estos factores se encuentran la mayor supervivencia de los individuos, una mayor movilidad geográfica, la inclusión de la mujer en el campo laboral, así como el incremento de familias uniparentales y los niveles de pobreza. Se propone la implementación en las escuelas de mecanismos protectores para los alumnos provenientes de familias disfuncionales, utilizando para ello talleres de desarrollo personal que propicien el autoconocimiento y el de los demás, la interacción humana y la buena relación con los familiares.
Nuevos métodos estadísticos para la investigación en evaluación de la personalidad
Authors: Richaud de Minzi María Cristina
Published: September 2020

En este trabajo se realiza una revisión de las nuevas técnicas estadísticas y de su utilidad para la investigación en personalidad. Los nuevos modelos y los avances en la medición de la personalidad y la psicopatología sugieren que la investigación en este campo y en su evaluación han entrado en un estadio avanzado de desarrollo. En las dos últimas décadas se han producido importantes desarrollos en estadística y medición. El refinamiento de las técnicas de análisis multivariado ha sido fundamental en la evaluación de la personalidad debido a la complejidad de las relaciones entre sus variables. Los procedimientos de análisis multivariado proveen la oportunidad de examinar la complejidad de esas interacciones a través de métodos de análisis para variables múltiples. Por otra parte, se han desarrollado los modelos de ecuaciones estructurales y técnicas multivariadas para analizar variables categóricas. Los últimos desarrollos corresponden al escalamiento multidimensional y a la teoría de la respuesta al ítem.
Factores del hogar en el rendimiento escolar
Authors: Baessa Yetilú de , Fernández Francisco Javier
Published: September 2020

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo examinar la relación que existe entre el rendimiento escolar y los factores asociados al hogar de alumnos de tercer grado de primaria que asisten a escuelas primarias localizadas en áreas urbanas y rurales de Guatemala. Se tomó al azar una muestra de 4,952 estudiantes (52% niños y 48% niñas) de tercer grado a nivel nacional. Se aplicaron pruebas de lectura y matemática y se obtuvo información de los factores asociados al rendimiento. Se analizaron los datos mediante dos técnicas estadísticas: análisis de regresión múltiple y análisis de correspondencia múltiple. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que un porcentaje importante de la varianza en el rendimiento, especialmente en lectura, se explica  por ciertas variables relacionadas con el entorno del hogar. El resto, probablemente, se podría explicar por factores relacionados con el docente y con la escuela en sí, o por características individuales de los alumnos, que no pudieron ser medidos.
La evaluación de los estilos de liderazgo en población civil y militar argentina
Authors: Castro Solano Alejandro , Nader Martín , Casullo María Martina
Published: September 2020

Basados en la teoría de Bass (1985, 1990), se adaptó el cuestionario M.L.Q. (Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire) para la evaluación de los estilos de liderazgo civiles y militares argentinos. Se recogieron datos de 363 sujetos, civiles (53%) y militares cadetes y oficiales (47%). Se realizó un análisis factorial exploratorio y luego confirmatorio resultando una escala de 34 ítems que responde a un modelo de siete factores agrupados en tres estilos de liderazgo. Los resultados señalan mejor ajuste del modelo para población civil que para militar. Se encontraron diferencias individuales entre los estilos de liderazgo de civiles y militares. En los primeros predominan las características relacionadas con el intercambio y la negociación. En los ámbitos militares predomina el estilo de liderazgo transformacional. En ambas poblaciones las características más valoradas de los líderes se autopercibían con mayor intensidad en el formato de autoregistro que en la percepción del subalterno respecto del superior.
Motivación en línea y resultados del aprendizaje en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Maytorena Noriega María de los Ángeles , González Lomelí Daniel , Castañeda Figueiras Sandra
Published: September 2020

El objetivo del trabajo fue someter a prueba una estructura multifactorial de la evaluación en línea de la motivación sobre la realización de una tarea académica específica en estudiantes de licenciatura. Los resultados indican que la motivación con la que inician la tarea explica el 12% de la varianza de la puntuación total obtenida en la prueba de metodología y ésta a su vez, explica el 17% de la varianza del nivel de motivación posterior a la ejecución. El modelo de evaluación en línea desarrollado permitirá la prescripción instruccional a la medida de las necesidades del alumno con el propósito de facilitar el aprendizaje y favorecer el éxito académico.
Concepto indígena de inteligencia en etnias de México
Authors: Figueroa Cuevas Joaquín , Hernández Guzmán Laura
Published: September 2020

Se realizaron tres estudios dedicados a explorar las nociones de inteligencia en etnias mexicanas. Los resultados del primer estudio indicaron que los profesores mestizos y nahuas definen la inteligencia infantil en términos tecnológicos, propios de países industrializados. Sin embargo, cuando los profesores nahuas la definieron desde la perspectiva étnica incluyeron proporciones equivalentes de conceptos sociales y tecnológicos. En un segundo estudio se indagó el concepto que poseían las madres nahuas, quienes subrayaron la importancia de los aspectos sociales de la inteligencia. En el tercer estudio, profesores indígenas de diferentes regiones étnicas definieron el concepto de inteligencia congruentemente con los profesores nahuas del primer estudio. De los tres estudios, se concluye que las nociones de inteligencia se relacionan con el grado de contacto cultural de quien la define. Three studies were conducted to explore the notion of intelligence in Mexican ethnic groups. Results of the first study showed that mestizo and nahua teachers defined child intelligence in technological terms, as in industrialized countries. However, indigenous teachers, defining intelligence from the ethnic viewpoint, stressed its social in the same proportion as its technological aspects. In the second study, the concept of intelligence of nahua mothers emphasized the importance of social aspects of intelligence. In the third study, bilingual teachers from different ethnic regions defined intelligence in equivalent terms as nahua teachers from the first study. Conclusions from the three studies point to a concept of intelligence related to the level of cultural contact of the person defining it.
Paradigmas de mente fenoménica y mente conceptual en psicología: ¿es posible la unidad?
Authors: Dávila Dávila Alex
Published: September 2020

En este año, la psicología cumple como disciplina 125 años desde el inicio de las actividades en el primer laboratorio experimental en Leipzig. A través de este largo período, la psicología ha evolucionado como una disciplina compleja en la cual han crecido diversas visiones epistemológicas acompañando la expansión del campo. Proponemos analizar este proceso aplicando los conceptos de mente fenoménica y mente conceptual sobre diversos enfoques psicológicos, incluyendo las "escuelas" históricas y contemporáneas más importantes. El análisis sugiere la existencia de relaciones complejas e influencias mutuas entre las psicologías, la dificultad para clasificar claramente a todas ellas como fenoménicas o conceptuales, y el potencial para unificar la psicología como una ciencia a través de la inclusión de puntos de vista fenomenológicos en la psicología contemporánea.
Personalidad, hábitos de consumo y riesgo de adicción al Internet en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Astonitas Villafuerte Lya Mainé
Published: September 2020

Se analizan los hábitos de consumo en Internet: frecuencia y finalidad de uso; los indicadores de riesgo de adicción al Internet, y la personalidad de 66 estudiantes de una universidad particular de Lima Metropolitana. Estas variables se analizan junto con las dimensiones y facetas del Inventario de Personalidad NEO-PI-R a partir del modelo de los cinco factores . Se encuentra una asociación entre las facetas valores (04) y acciones (06), pertenecientes a la dimensión Apertura (O), y el riesgo de adicción al Internet. Un análisis más profundo revela una relación positiva entre el número de síntomas de adicción al Internet y la dimensión Neuroticismo (N). Existe también una relación negativa entre el número de síntomas de adicción al Internet y la dimensión Conciencia (C), especialmente con las facetas autodisciplina (CS), sentido del deber (C3), motivación de logro (C4) y reflexión (C6).
Contexto sociocultural, desarrollo del niño y lectura inicial en el Perú
Authors: Thorne Cecilia
Published: September 2020

Este artículo se centra en el hecho de que muchos niños peruanos no son capaces de leer fluidamente al terminar la escuela primaria. Para analizar esta deficiencia, se presenta un análisis del contexto peruano, el sistema educativo y el bagaje lingüístico y sociocultural. Asimismo, se identifican las condiciones adversas en las que crecen los niños peruanos y las consecuencias para su desarrollo y los inicios de la lectura. También se discuten diferentes aspectos de la psicología del desarrollo, centrándose principalmente en la teoría de Bronfenbrenner y en el enfoque evolutivo de la educación. El artículo ofrece además una revisión de los diferentes estudios sobre la lectura en el Perú. Finalmente, se presentan lasventajas de incorporar la teoría ecológica y el enfoque evolutivo a la educación
Medidas de simplicidad y de ajuste factorial: un enfoque para la evaluación de escalas construidas factorialmente
Authors: Fleming James S. , Merino Soto César
Published: September 2020

Una estructura simple es sólida cuando se utiliza el análisis factorial para desarrollar instrumentos de medición. El presente artículo se basa en el programa SIMLOAD, que produce índices que miden la simplicidad factorial para las filas y columnas de una matriz de cargas factoriales (generalmente, el patrón de factores), tanto como índices globales de ajuste. Estos incluyen para las filas el índice de simplicidad factorial de Kaiser (1974); para las columnas, el índice de ajuste a la escala de Fleming; la medida matriz libre de escalas de Bentler (1977); y, el conteo de hiperplanos. Estas medidas se recomiendan para la construcción de escalas multifactoriales. Estos índices también pueden ser útiles para aplicaciones factoriales más generales, en el análisis exploratorio o confirmatorio. El programa SIMLOAD también calcula intercorrelaciones entre las escalas, coeficientes alfa de Cronbach, el efecto de la eliminación de un ítem sobre el alfa y el  ordenamiento de las cargas factoriales de los ítems para facilitar la interpretación de la matriz resultante.
Consumo de alcohol y sus determinantes en estudiantes universitarios limeños: estudio de focus group
Authors: Chau Cecilia , Van den Broucke Stephan
Published: September 2020

Se presenta un estudio cualitativo –focus group- para conocer los hábitos de consumo del alcohol y los principales determinantes de su uso entre estudiantes universitarios de la ciudad de Lima. Se organizaron cuatro grupos homogéneos (por género y nivel socio económico) con 5 a 9 participantes. El análisis de contenido reveló que los estresores experimentados son similares a los reportados por los adolescentes occidentales, sin embargo, reportaron estrés adicional por las dificultades económicas y el control de peso (entre las mujeres).Las expectativas sobre el alcohol fueron positivas y reflejaron lo mismo que en los adolescentes norteamericanos (mejora social, reducción de la tensión y mejora de habilidades motoras/cognitivas), aunque también se mencionaron expectativas adicionales (placer, diversión, pérdida de inhibiciones, auto confianza y aceptación del grupo). Otras fueron consideradas menos importantes (mejora sexual, incremento de la activación y deterioro cognitivo/motor). La autoeficacia para rechazar el alcohol no fue percibida como un determinanteimportante entre los participantes.
Horna, M. (2005). Plan de vida. Un programa de vida para proyectarse al futuro. Lima: Dina, 180 pp.
Authors: Frisancho Susana
Published: September 2020

El artículo no presenta resumen.
Services for Domestic Violence Victims in the United Kingdom and United States: Where Are We Today?
Authors: Bates Elizabeth A. , Douglas Emily M.
Published: September 2020

Over the last 50 years, there has developed a wealth of literature that has explored the experiences of victims of intimate partner violence (IPV). This has demonstrated the adverse impact IPV has, including the impact on both female (e.g., Sarkar, 2008), and male victims (e.g., Próspero, 2007) and those within the LGBTQ+ community (e.g., Reuter et al., 2017). Over these 50 years, there has also been the development of key legislation, policy, and services to support these victims and reduce the prevalence of IPV. A comprehensive review of victim services was provided by Eckhardt and colleagues in 2013 as part of the Partner Abuse State of Knowledge project. The aim of the current article is to expand on and update this review with an international focus, drawing on both the United Kingdom and United States. Specifically, we discuss current legislation and policy and how this informs practice, what services and resources are available for victims in the two countries, and what interventions are available and what we know of their effectiveness. A final aim is to explore one of Eckahrdt et al.'s specific recommendations about what exists to support “underserved” populations, such as men and those in the LGBTQ+ community.
The Double Standard of Accountability: A Call for Treatment Integrity of IPV Offender Programs
Authors: LeBlanc Ashley N. , Mong Michael D.
Published: September 2020

In this study, we explain the importance of treatment integrity by listing and exploring state standards for service providers of IPV perpetrator programs across the United States. The overall expectations of BIP's will be discussed as we compare and contrast the Duluth Model with evidence-based practice. Expectations of treatment efficacy will be explored from the stance of the professional code of ethics and ethical practice. The context for this article is inspired by the following issues: a) mental health professionals' ethical obligations to clients and to standards of practice; b) the value of treatment integrity; c) expectations regarding program efficacy; d) the nature of court-mandated batterer intervention programs. Potential ethical concerns that are explored include: failure to consider and utilize research evidence, failure to ensure treatment integrity, inadequate assessment/diagnosis, failure to connect assessment to treatment, using a diagnosis on a client not identified in the DSM-V, giving a diagnosis without proper credentials or evaluation of the client, and imploring a homogeneous approach to a complex behavior.
“It's Not for Amateurs!”—Registered Nurses' Experiences of Their Clinical Competence When Caring for Elderly Patients
Authors: Finnbakk Elisabeth , Skovdahl Kirsti , Wangensteen Sigrid , Fagerström Lisbeth
Published: September 2020

Nurses' clinical competence is crucial to ensure that elderly, frail patients in nursing homes are met with high-quality nursing care. Thus, this study aimed to disclose the essential meaning of registered nurses' experiences as related to their clinical competence when caring for elderly patients with complex health needs in nursing homes. Focus group interviews and a phenomenological hermeneutical analysis were conducted revealing that the nurses balanced between being and striving to be competent. The utterance “It's not for amateurs!” symbolized that if nurses are not clinically competent or hindered from acting competently, they may be at risk for moral distress.
Description and Critical Reflection of a Humanistic Model of Nursing Care
Authors: Létourneau Dimitri , Cara Chantal , Goudreau Johanne
Published: September 2020

Several literature reviews forewarned that theory evaluation and the use of nursing theories are unfortunately declining within the discipline. In this article, a French-Canadian conceptual model of nursing is described, then critiqued based on Chinn and Kramer's method of theoretical evaluation. Five documents were read iteratively as a means to identify the purposes, concepts, definitions, relationships, structure, and assumptions of this conceptual model. Then, as suggested by Chinn and Kramer, its clarity, simplicity, generality, accessibility, and importance are discussed. The conclusion summarizes the main results of the evaluation and its implications for the future refinement of the conceptual model.
The Meaning of Caring: A Buddhist Perspective
Authors: Pelzang Rinchen
Published: September 2020

A review of the literature reveals that an inclusive examination of the Buddhist perspective is needed to explain the diversity in meaning and scope of caring in nursing practice. This article briefly explains various definitions of caring according to the six major conceptualizations of caring from the Buddhist perspective: caring as a human trait; caring as a moral imperative; caring as an affect; caring as an interpersonal interaction; caring as a therapeutic intervention; and caring as a spiritual intervention. Buddhists view caring as love, trust, commitment, and ensuring a good relationship between nurses, the patient, family, and community.
Paternalism to Trusteeship: Limitations of Autonomy Caring for Persons With Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Alberts Lisa
Published: September 2020

Individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities have overcome the abuses of the past but continue to be challenged by discrimination and stigmatization. This article highlighted and reconciled the tension to care for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Autonomy, facilitated by relationship with trusted advocates, can move individuals forward and replace age-old precepts of paternalism as individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities exert their citizenship. Nurses and other healthcare providers can create new models of service delivery focused on caring, in relationship with individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities, continuing the evolution of care and culture change needed for belonging.