bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non adherence to secondary prophylaxis for rheumatic fever
Authors: Saha Santosh K. , Choudhury Kamrun N. , Sarker Nihar R. , Ahmed Gias U. , Hoque Nazmul
Published: October 2020

Background: Secondary prophylaxis with benzathine penicillin G (BPG) is a cost-effective intervention for preventing morbidity and mortality related to rheumatic fever (RF). There is no reliable data available with regards to adherence to secondary prophylaxis and rates of recurrent RF in many developing countries, including Bangladesh. So, aim of this study was to estimate rate of non-adherence and find out risk of non-adherence to secondary prophylaxis for rheumatic fever.Methods: Total 230, 5-30 years patients of both sexes with definite previous history of RF taking secondary prophylaxis with injection benzathine penicillin G (BPG) were enrolled by simple random fashion. Last one-year injection profile of the patient was collected from the injection card. Patients were then classified as “non-adherent” when the rate of adherence was <80% of the expected injections and as “adherent” when it was ≥80%. After collection of data selective patients were invited for blood tests and echocardiography to identify recurrence of rheumatic fever.  Results: Out of 230 patients, male were 96 (41.7%) and female were 134 (58.3%). Male and female ratio were 0.7. 173 (75.2%) were adherent with benzathine penicillin and 57 (24.8%) patients not adherent with benzathine penicillin. In adherent group only 5 (2.2%) and in non-adherent group 19 (8.3%) patients develop rheumatic recurrence and this finding was statistically significant (p-value 0.001).  Conclusions: Non adherence to secondary prophylaxis with BPG was found a major risk factor for recurrent rheumatic fever. The main reasons of non-adherence were lack of counselling, fare of pain and fail to remember.
Vitamin D levels in children with bronchial asthma
Authors: Wani Kaisar R. , Malik Reyaz A. Malik , Ahmed Asif
Published: October 2020

Background: Bronchial asthma is a common chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways in childhood. Vitamin D, initially described as a vitamin that regulated calcium homeostasis, has also been shown to exert important antimicrobial effects and is also a potent immune system regulator having a potential role in various allergic diseases. The main objective of this study was to look the levels of vitamin D in children with bronchial asthma and to study the co relationship between vitamin D levels and severity of asthma.Methods: This study included 80 (40 asthmatic children and 40 healthy controls) children aged between 4 and 15 year. Serum vitamin D levels where determined and compared between the two groups. The association between vitamin D levels and severity of asthma was studied in the asthmatic children.Results: Among 40 asthmatic children the mean serum vitamin D level was 16.6±11.56 ng/ml, while as the mean vitamin D levels in healthy control subjects was 24.225±2.764 ng/ml and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p=0.001). Vitamin D deficiency was highly prevalent in asthmatic patients and there was a direct and a significant relationship between serum vitamin D levels and severity of asthma.Conclusion: In this study, vitamin D levels were considerably lower in children with asthma than in healthy children. Also, in this study vitamin D deficient asthma patients have more severe asthma than the patients who have sufficient vitamin D levels.
Antibiotic usage rates in bacterial versus nonbacterial diseases: a new way to monitor hospital-acquired infections in children: a retrospective case analysis
Authors: Gohil Jayendra R. , Chaudary Chintu C. , Sivanandan Sheena D.
Published: October 2020

Background: While treating children, the selection of antibiotics, when indicated, should be from the point of its effectiveness, safety, suitability, and cost. However, this flow of action does not take place in all cases. Aim of the study was to assess the antibiotic usage in admitted children and mortality.Methods: The case records between January to July 2012 in children wards was evaluated for the use of antibiotics. Patients were grouped into; group A- ‘must use' antibiotic in all, and group B- where antibiotics are not indicated.Results: There were 1852 admissions, including 719 Thalassemia cases. Antibiotic usage was 63% in 1133 cases after excluding thalassemia. Out of 1133 cases, 423 were in group A and 710 cases were in group B. In group B the antibiotic usage was 41%. The mortality was 6.6% and 4.8% in group A and B. Inside group B, mortality was 5.9% versus 4.0% in those administered versus not administered, antibiotics.Conclusions: There was no increase in mortality in patients in whom antibiotics were not prescribed, and no added benefit of prescribing antibiotics was observed in nonbacterial group B disease patients. The mortality was similar in both the groups. In nonbacterial group B, the antibiotics did not offer any advantage in the reduction of mortality, but increased the cost of the treatment, and possibly the chance of development of drug resistance and adverse events. When analysing the hospital antibiotic usage, only the nonbacterial diseases should be considered to get a true picture of the inappropriate prescription of antibiotics.
A study on association between respiratory tract infection and serum 25 (OH) vitamin D level in children
Authors: Sah Rajesh Kumar , Kumar Hemant
Published: October 2020

Background: Acute respiratory tract infection are a major cause of global morbidity and mortality. Observational studies report consistent independent association between low serum concentration of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D and susceptibility to acute respiratory tract infection. This study was done to assess serum vitamin D level in children and correlation with respiratory tract infection.Methods: The present study was undertaken in department of paediatrics medicine, Patna Medical College and Hospital in patients attending out-patients department (OPD) as well as admitted in in-patients department (IPD). Assessment of serum 25(OH) Vitamin D was done by the enzyme immunoassay kit at Patna Medical College and Hospital.Results: The mean serum vitamin D level in cases was (20.52±5.64 ng/ml) where as in control group was (26.46±4.52 ng/ml) with a statically significant p value of <0.0001, hence cases are associated with vitamin D deficiency.Conclusions: The finding in this study showed significantly decreased mean serum vitamin D level in cases than that of control which implies that vitamin D deficiency predisposes to respiratory tract infection in children.
Risk factors of Toxoplasma encephalitis among people living with HIV/AIDS at Wangaya hospital in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia: a case control study
Authors: Suharsono Hamong , Suryana Ketut , Pujasakti Mochamad P.
Published: October 2020

Background: Toxoplasma encephalitis (TE) is the most frequent AIDS-related opportunistic infection. T. gondii infects the human population in both developed and developing countries. Toxoplasmosis among PLWHA manifests primarily as a life-threatening condition, TE, brain abscesses and death. Objective was to identify the risk factors of Toxoplasma encephalitis (TE) among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA).  Methods: A case control study was conducted during May to November 2018. The study participants consisted of 90 PLWHA; 30 PLWHA with history of TE (cases) and 60 PLWHA without history of TE (controls). Data such as: socio-demographic, laboratory results, head CT scan findings were collected from the medical record and was analyzed using SPSS version 18.Results: A total of 90 participants PLWHA were enrolled, 30 participants as cases and 60 participants as a control. 49 (54.4%) participants were males and 41 (45.6%) participants were females. Among the risk factors evaluated; the lower lymphocyte level (p=0.016), the lower cluster differentiation (CD) 4 level (p=0.003), no taking highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) (p=0.000) were observed to be an independent associated risk factor of TE.Conclusions: Our findings suggest lower lymphocyte levels, lower CD4 count and no taking HAART may constitute a significant associated risk factor for TE in PLWHA.
The factors associated with co-trimoxazole hypersensitivity in people living with HIV/AIDS: a retrospective study
Authors: Suryana Ketut , Suharsono Hamong , Pujasakti Mochamad P.
Published: October 2020

Background: Antibiotic adverse drug reactions (ADRs) can occurred during any treatment of infection, especially opportunistic infections in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Co-trimoxazole is a sulfonamide fixed dose combination antibiotic, consisted of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim which is effective in treatment of several infections and for prophylaxis of pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia. The universal use of co-trimoxazole for prophylaxis has been shown to decrease hospitalizations, morbidity and mortality among PLWHA, but potentially associated with ADRs include drug hypersensitivity reaction. The objective was to identify factors associated with co-trimoxazole hypersensitivity in PLWHA.Methods: A retrospective study were enrolled 404 participants PLWHA who were received co-trimoxazole due to co-trimoxazole prophylaxis therapy (CPT), between January 2015–December 2018. The independence variables such as age, sex, history of allergy, hypersensitivity reactions, duration of therapy (days), CD4 (cells/µl) and opportunistic infection to co-trimoxazole hypersensitivity reaction were analyzed using spearman test.Results: Mostly of the participants was male: 253 (62.60%). Eighteen (4.50%) with history of allergy, 64 (15.90%) were known co-trimoxazole hypersensitivity reaction. The most frequent clinical manifestation was maculopapular rash: 27 (42.3%), followed by urticaria alone: 17 (26.3%), fixed drug eruption: 12 (19.6%), and angioedema with or without urticaria: 8 (11.8%). The history of allergy, opportunistic infection and duration of treatment were associated factors to co-trimoxazole hypersensitivity reaction.Conclusions: This study was identified, that history of allergy, duration of treatment and opportunistic infection were factors associated with co-trimoxazole hypersensitivity in PLWHA.
Efavirenz induced gynecomastia, hidden reality: a case series
Authors: Morkar Dnyanesh N. , Aneja Ankita , Agarwal Rishabh
Published: October 2020

The prognosis of HIV infection has considerably improved following the introduction of highly active anti-retroviral therapy by reducing AIDS related morbidity and mortality. At the same time, ART drugs are well known for their side effects. Gynaecomastia is a lesser known side effect of a commonly used anti-retroviral drug efavirenz. There are very few reports of HAART-induced gynaecomastia in resource-limited settings. The current study presents a series of three cases that developed ultrasound confirmed gynaecomastia following efavirenz containing HAART. Initial reports of gynaecomastia related to HAART were in HIV patients with lipodystrophy, they were termed as pseudogynaecomastia. Gradually, few reports of efavirenz related gynaecomastia were published wherein other causes of gynaecomastia were ruled out. Several hypothesis have been suggested for the pathophysiology of development of gynaecomastia related to efavirenz consumption. All other causes were ruled out in our patients too. The incidence of gynaecomastia is increasing in men with HIV on HAART therapy, proper identification and management will promote better drug adherence.
Evaluation of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis of distal femoral fracture by mini-open technique with femoral distractor and traction table: a prospective review of 26 cases
Authors: Ghosh Tapas Kumar , Banik Rajeeb , Bhattacharjya Bijoy
Published: October 2020

Background: Different methods exist for fracture reduction and submuscular plating in distal femur intra-articular and metaphyseal extra-articular fractures. Apart from knee flexion, femoral distractor and traction table are commonly used for alignment of fractures in minimally invasive techniques.

Methods: 26 distal femoral fractures (all closed fractures) were operated (14 cases in traction table, 12 cases in femoral distractor). Partial articular/unicondylar fractures were excluded from our study. Mean patient age was 42 years (range 18 to 60 years). Evaluation was done by knee society score (KSS).

Results: Mean time of radiological union was 23.2 weeks (range 20-28 weeks). 23 fractures united uneventfully, one patient had wound infection, and 2 cases had non-union with implant failure. Debridement in infected implant and re-fixation with long plate and bone grafting were done for fracture union in these two cases. According to KSS, excellent outcome were seen in 6 patients, 10 had good, 8 had fair and 2 had poor outcome.

Conclusions: Distraction by traction table or femoral distractor helps us to reduce the fracture by overcoming the pull of gastrocnemius in 2 week old fracture correcting hyperextension/recurvatum deformity. This method can be used as viable alternative in minimally invasive plating causing less chance of infection preserving maximal joint movement.

 
Alveolar soft part sarcoma masquerading as lipoma: a case report
Authors: Singh Narinder , Sharma Vipin , Bharadwaj Rahul , Sharma Kavya
Published: October 2020

We report herein, a rare case of a 14-year-old child with alveolar soft part sarcoma. The patient initially noticed a progressively growing mass over medial side of right distal thigh. Although clinically the swelling appeared to be lipoma, the needle biopsy confirmed it to be alveolar soft part sarcoma. Patient was managed by wide excision, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy.
A step closer in the management of uncontrolled neuropathic pain: gabapentin-nortriptyline combination
Authors: Maladkar Manish Nilkanth , Tekchandani Chitra Mohan , Bajaj Raveena Kanyalal
Published: October 2020

Neuropathic pain is extremely distressing as it significantly hampers the performance of daily activities and impedes overall quality of life. A large number of illnesses are linked with neuropathic pain like radiculopathy, sciatica, diabetes, herpes infection, spinal injury, stroke, etc. Treating neuropathic pain is challenging as response to the treatment is at times uncertain and associated with undesirable side effects. Uncontrolled neuropathic pain is observed in large group of patients receiving current treatment regimen. Almost half of the neuropathic pain patients need more than two drugs for pain relief. Various clinical trials have demonstrated better efficacy of combination therapy in reducing pain than monotherapy. Utilizing drug combination with different mechanism of action or acting on two different sites has demonstrated superior analgesic effect in painful neuropathic condition. The first tier agents recommended by various guidelines are calcium channel alpha-2-delta ligands and tricyclic antidepressants that act on different pain pathways. A clinical trial has shown enhanced pain relief with no increase in side effects with the administration of gabapentin and nortriptyline combination in patients suffering from neuropathic pain. Moreover, symptoms associated with neuropathic pain like sleep disturbances, altered mood, decreased walking ability, depression and quality of life were also significantly improved. Hence, combination therapy of gabapentin and nortriptyline offers a pivotal modality in the management of uncontrolled neuropathic pain.
Bilaterally symmetrical lupus profundus with livedo reticularis as a sole cutaneous manifestation in a case of systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Thiruveedhula Haritha , Kurapati Arunasree , Samanthula Haritha , Bora Madhu K. Reddy
Published: October 2020

A 31-year-old female diagnosed as a case of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) two years back with no cutaneous lesions, with lupus nephritis and anti-ds DNA positivity presented with the hardness of skin over the inner aspect of both thighs for four months associated with mild pain and itching. Lupus profundus was diagnosed clinically and histopathologically. She had livedo reticularis over the left leg, which can be a sign of the central nervous system's future involvement. The recent development of bilaterally symmetrical lupus profundus over thighs and livedo reticularis in a case of SLE with lupus nephritis diagnosed two years back is a rare presentation. 
Improvements on Learning Kernel Extended Dictionary for Face Recognition
Authors: Amanzadeh Soodabeh , Forghani Yahya , Chabok Javad Mahdavi
Published: October 2020

Kernel extended dictionary learning model (KED) is a new type of Sparse Representation for Classification (SRC), which represents the input face image as a linear combination of dictionary set and extended dictionary set to determine the input face image class label. Extended dictionary is created based on the differences between the occluded images and non-occluded training images. There are four defaults to make about KED: (1) Similar weights are assigned to the principle components of occlusion variations in KED model, while the principle components of the occlusion variations have different weights, which are proportional to the principle components Eigen-values. (2) Reconstruction of an occluded image is not possible by combining only non-occluded images and the principle components (or the directions) of occlusion variations, but it requires the mean of occlusion variations. (3) The importance and capability of main dictionary and extended dictionary in reconstructing the input face image is not the same, necessarily. (4) KED Runtime is high. To address these problems or challenges, a novel mathematical model is proposed in this paper. In the proposed model, different weights are assigned to the principle components of occlusion variations; different weights are assigned to the main dictionary and extended dictionary; an occluded image is reconstructed by non-occluded images and the principle components of occlusion variations, and also the mean of occlusion variations; and collaborative representation is used instead of sparse representation to enhance the runtime. Experimental results on CAS-PEAL subsets showed that the runtime and accuracy of the proposed model is about 1% better than that of KED.
Design and Implementation of a Student Archive Retrieval Method Based on Image Processing
Authors: An Lei , Li Aihua
Published: October 2020

Compared with traditional manual archive organization and review, the student archive management system can manage massive student archives in a refined, regular, and scientific manner. The effectiveness and efficiency of the retrieval method directly bears on the utilization effect of student archives. Based on image processing, this paper puts forward a novel method for student archive retrieval, which greatly improves the classification, recognition, and information management of images in student archives during the retrieval. Firstly, a framework of student archive retrieval was introduced based on image processing. Next, a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) was constructed for hash learning, and the functions of the three network modules were detailed, including image feature extraction, hash function learning, and similarity measurement. Finally, several indices were selected to evaluate the retrieval effect of student archives. The proposed method was proved effective and feasible through contrastive experiments. The research results provide a theoretical reference for the application of our method in other fields of image retrieval.
Discussion on Construction Technology of Road Subgrade in Civil Engineering
Authors: Zhang De
Published: October 2020

With the rapid development of cities, more and more new roads are built in various civil engineering projects. Subgrade construction is the core of road engineering system. Only by comprehensively ensuring the quality of road subgrade can the road performance be effectively improve and the development of urban construction be ensured. The quality of subgrade determines the traffic capacity of urban roads and plays a decisive role in the safety and stability of traffic. This article mainly analyzes the problems of road subgrade construction in civil engineering, and comprehensively puts forward countermeasures, so as to effectively improve the subgrade construction quality and ensure the smooth operation of roads.
Alexander Ugrimov – Russian Hero of the French Resistance: «I Walked on a Tightrope over an Abyss…»
Authors:   Saratov State University, Varfolomeev Yuriy V.
Published: October 2020

The article examines the activities of French Resistance units in the occupied territory of France during the world war II. The author explores the little-known pages of the durdan Resistance group’s activities through the prism of perception of the events of those years and by the example of the fate of one of the active participants and leaders of the anti – fascist movement-a Russian emigrant of the first wave, Alexander Alexandrovich Ugrimov.
The Image of the Ally and the Practice of Interaction with Representatives of the Union Administrations in the Daily Life of SMAG Employees in 1945–1949
Authors:   Saratov State University, Vlasov Alexey V.
Published: October 2020

The article examines how during the occupation of Germany after World War II, employees of the Soviet military administration interacted with former allies in the anti-Hitler coalition. Based on memories of the employees, various images of allies were identified. The author comes to the inference that the practices of interaction between Soviet employees and representatives of the allied administrations depended on the logic of the Cold war development.
Medical Care for Residents of Ivanovo, Kostroma and Yaroslavl Regions in Virgin Lands in 1954–1964 Years
Authors:   Kostroma State University, Rybin Andrei A.
Published: October 2020

The problem of the introduction of unused land into agricultural turnover is currently relevant in society, since at the present stage the state is implementing a campaign to develop the uninhabited territories of the Far East of the country. During this period, a large number of studies on virgin lands were published, but today many questions remain open. In particular, the problem of medical care in the virgin lands is not sufficiently studied by historians. The article defines the stages of development of medicine in the areas of development of new lands, also considers the problem of lack of medical institutions and qualified personnel. Finally, medicine was developed in the virgin lands, in particular, it was possible to move from small medical stations to the polyclinic health care system.
Employer Perceptions of Seasonal Summer Camp Employment
Authors: Richmond Dan , Sibthorp Jim , Bialeschki M. Deborah
Published: October 2020

Every year summer camps employ over 1.5 million mostly emerging adults to staff primarily their summer seasonal programs. Considerable literature exists on the importance of education, career-related experiences, and interpersonal and intrapersonal skills, but little is known about employer perceptions of work experiences not aligned with a job candidate’s career, like seasonal summer employment. More specifically, almost no research exists on the value of seasonal summer camp work from the perspective of hiring professionals in fields outside of the camp industry. Therefore, the primary purpose of this study was to understand how hiring professionals from a variety of industries view seasonal camp employment. Specifically, the study sought to identify the effects of promotion, industry-specific work, and gender on likelihood of interviewing the candidate. A secondary purpose was to better understand how hiring professionals view social-emotional learning (SEL) skills commonly associated with summer camp work. This study included a panel sample of 327 hiring professionals from a variety of industries. Analysis of quantitative and qualitative data resulted in three major conclusions about seasonal summer camp employment: (a) job advancement and promotion at camp were important to employers, (b) industry-related job experience was the most important factor when evaluating job candidates, and (c) several SEL skills important to the modern workplace could be attributed to working at camp and were highly desired by hiring professionals. The findings have several implications for camp leaders. First, when retaining camp staff from summer to summer, opportunities for promotion are valuable to both staff and future employers. Second, since industry-related experience matters most to hiring professionals, camps may need to accept (a) that staff leave after one or two summers to seek job-related experience or (b) that they may need to be more creative in helping their best staff “job craft” their position to align with employees’ career aspirations. Third, camp leaders may want to emphasize the opportunity to develop SEL skills and capacities while recruiting new staff.
Assessment of dynamic matrix of correspondence through depersonalized detection of devices transmitting Bluetooth signal
Authors:   Ryazan state agrotechnological university named after P.A. Kostychev, Kuraksin Anton A. , Shemyakin Alexander V. ,   Ryazan state agrotechnological university named after P.A. Kostychev
Published: October 2020

The article shows results of monitoring of transport flows on Ryazan road network section which was carried out through depersonalized detection of devices, transmitting Bluetooth signal. The paper suggests evaluating technique of dynamic matrix of correspondence on the basis of detecting devices transmitting Bluetooth signal.
Evaluation of РА-3 rail bus pneumatic brake effi ciency
Authors:   Russian University of Transport (RUT-MIIT), Podlesnikov Yaroslav D. , Silyuta Anatoly G. ,   Russian University of Transport (RUT-MIIT)
Published: October 2020

Braking system is a very important element of any rolling stock unit, as transportation process safety depends on its efficiency and reliability. Rail buses represent development of diesel trains intended for passenger service on non-electrified track sections. A sudden obstacle on the track requires immediate full stop of the rolling stock, it is urgent to have effective braking which provides the least brake path length. The paper presents results of brake path length calculation for РА-3 rail bus in two-car version with iron and composite brake pads.
On a representation of the solvability set in the retention problem
Authors: Serkov Dmitriy A.
Published: October 2020

The paper provides another iterative method for constructing a resolving set in the game problem of retaining the movements of an abstract dynamic system in given phase constraints. In the iterative procedure, instead of the program absorption operator, it is proposed to use a family of absorption operators for individual program disturbances. Such an approach is based on theorems on the existence and representation of common fix-points of a family of mappings.
On the Relationship Between the Cosmological Background Field and the Higgs Field
Authors: Roza E.
Published: October 2020

It is shown that the relationship between gravity and quantum physics can be described in terms of the symmetry break of space due to elementary constituents, dubbed as “darks”, which constitute a universal energetic background field that extends from the cosmological level down to the nuclear level. It requires (a) the awareness of the polarisable second elementary dipole moment of a recently discovered third Dirac particle type, next to the electron-type and the Majorana-type, and (b) the awareness that Einstein’s Lambda is not a constant of nature, but, instead, a covariant integration constant with a value that depends on the scope of the cosmological system under consideration, such as solar systems and galaxies, eventually showing up as the Cosmological Constant at the level of the universe. The relationship has been made explicit by relating two major gravitational constants quantaties (the gravitational constant and Milgrom’s acceleration constant) with a single nuclear quantity (the rest mass of the pion derived from the Higgs boson value).
iMakerSpace Model: Shaping the 21st Century Workforce
Authors: Fidan Ismail , Canfield Stephen , Motevalli Vahid , Chitiyo George , Mohammadizadeh Mahdi
Published: October 2020

Innovations in engineering education are undergoing a noticeable transformation. Higher education institutions are practicing distance education, remote laboratories, studio pedagogies and several other approaches in order to increase their students’ retention, success, and preparedness for the job market. In engineering education, maker spaces have become popular in the last ten years in universities as well as community colleges, high-schools and community innovation hubs. A large number of engineering colleges have allocated significant spaces, and at some universities entire buildings as maker spaces to be used for curricular and extracurricular activities. Success stories of these types of spaces are well documented. This paper describes the activities and programs held at Tennessee Tech University’s maker space called ‘iMakerSpace.’ These accomplishments include several workforce development activities. The impact and effectiveness of the iMakerSpace is evaluated through analysis of survey data.
The Tubulin Code in Mitosis and Cancer
Authors: Lopes Danilo , Maiato Helder
Published: October 2020

The “tubulin code” combines different α/β-tubulin isotypes with several post-translational modifications (PTMs) to generate microtubule diversity in cells. During cell division, specific microtubule populations in the mitotic spindle are differentially modified, but only recently has the functional significance of these modifications started to be elucidated. In particular, α-tubulin detyrosination of stable microtubules in the spindle was shown to guide chromosomes during congression to the metaphase plate and allow the discrimination of mitotic errors, whose correction is required to prevent chromosomal instability (CIN), a hallmark of human cancers. Although alterations in certain tubulin PTMs have been reported in human cancers, it remains unclear whether and how tubulin PTMs have any functional implications for cancer cell properties. Here we review the role of the tubulin code in chromosome segregation during mitosis, together with the emerging cancer tubulin code and discuss possible links, as well as the respective diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic implications for human cancers.
Large Scale, Multidisciplinary Laboratory Teaching of Fluid Mechanics
Authors: Garrard Andrew , Bangert Krys , Beck Stephen
Published: October 2020

The nature of fluid mechanics makes experimentation an important part of a course taught in the subject. Presented here is the application of a novel, large scale multidisciplinary model of practical education in a fluids engineering laboratory. Advantages of this approach include efficiencies through economy of scale leading to better pedagogy for students. The scale justifies dedicated academic resources to focus on developing laboratory classes and giving specific attention to designing activities that meet learning outcomes. Four examples of applying this approach to fluids mechanics experiments are discussed, illustrating tactics that have been developed and honed through many repeated instances of delivery. “The measurement lab” uses a flow measurement context to teach identifying and managing general experimental uncertainty. New students, unfamiliar with fluid mechanics are guided through a process to gain understanding that can be applied to all future experimental activities. The “pressure loss in pipes” lab discusses the advantage and process for sharing equipment and teaching resources between multiple cohorts. The provision for students is adapted for context, such as the degree program or year of study. The “weirs big and small” lab provides a methodology to teach the power of dimensional analysis to mechanical engineers using a field of fluid mechanics that is outside their usual theoretical studies. Finally, the “spillway design” lab discusses mechanisms to deliver student independent, open ended experiments at scale, without excessive staff resource requirement.
The Role of School Social Support and School Social Climate in Dating Violence Prevention among Adolescents in Europe
Authors: Jankowiak Barbara , Jaskulska Sylwia , Sanz-Barbero Belén , Ayala Alba , Pyżalski Jacek , Bowes Nicola , De Claire Karen , Neves Sofia , Topa Joana , Rodríguez Blázquez Carmen , Davó-Blanes María Carmen , Rosati Nicoletta , Cinque María , Mocanu Veronica , Ioan Beatrice , Chmura-Rutkowska Iwona , Waszyńska Katarzyna , Vives-Cases Carmen
Published: October 2020

(1) To analyse the potential association between school social support CECSCE and school social climate CASSS and experiences of dating violence among adolescents in Europe; (2) Cross-sectional design. We recruited 1,555 participants age 13-16 from secondary schools in Spain, Italy, Romania, Portugal, Poland and UK. The analysis in this text concerns student with dating experience (n=993) (57.2% of girls and 66.5% of boys). The association of the exposure to physical and/ or sexual dating violence, control dating violence and fear was measured by calculating the prevalence ratios (PR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI), estimated by Poisson regression models with robust variance. All the models were adjusted by country and by sociodemografic variables; (3) The results show that the average values of all types of social support are significantly lower in young people who have suffered any type of dating violence or were scared of their partner. The likelihood of suffering physical and/or sexual dating violence decreased when CECSCE increased [PR (CI95%): 0.96 (0.92; 0.99)]. In the same way, the likelihood of fear decreased when CASSS classmates increased [PR (CI95%): 0.98 (0.96; 0.99)]; (4) There is an association between school social support and school social climate and experiences of dating violence among adolescents in Europe. Our results suggest that in the prevention of dating violence, building a supportive climate at schools and building / using the support of peers and teachers should be important.
Improvement and Impacts of Forest Canopy Parameters on Noah-MP Land Surface Model from UAV-Based Photogrammetry
Authors: Chang Ming , Zhu Shengjie , Cao Jiachen , Chen Bingyin , Zhang Qi , Chen Weihua , Jia Shiguo , Krishnan Padmaja , Wang Xuemei
Published: October 2020

Taking a typical forest underlying surface as the research area, this study employed the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry to explore more accurate canopy parameters including tree height and canopy radius, which were used to improve the Noah-MP land surface model conducted in Dinghushan Forest Ecosystem Research Station (CN-Din). While the canopy radius was fitted as a Burr distribution, the canopy height of CN-Din forest followed a Weibull distribution. The replacement of the parameters by these observed UAV would result in the Noah-MP model. It was found that the influence on the simulation of the energy fluxes could not be negligible, and the main influence of these canopy parameters was on the latent heat flux which could decrease up to -11% in the midday while increase up to 15% in the nighttime. Additionally, this work indicated that the description of the canopy characteristics for the land surface model should be improved to accurately deliver the heterogeneity for the underlying surface.
Carnosine to Combat Novel Coronavirus (nCoV, COVID-19): Molecular Docking and Modeling to Co-Crystallized Host Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) and Viral Spike Protein
Authors: Saadah Loai M. , Deiab Ghina’a I Abu , Al-Balas Qosay , Basheti Iman A.
Published: October 2020

Aims: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) plays an important role in the entry of coronaviruses into host cells. This paper described how carnosine, a naturally occurring supplement, can be an effective drug candidate for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on the basis of molecular docking and modeling to host ACE2 co-crystallized with COVID-19 spike protein. Methods: First, the starting point was ACE2 inhibitors and their structure-activity relationship (SAR). Next, chemical similarity (or diversity) and PubMed searches made it possible to repurpose and assess approved or experimental drugs for COVID-19. In parallel, at all stages, authors performed bioactivity scoring to assess potential repurposed inhibitors at ACE2. Finally, investigators performed molecular docking and modeling of the identified drug candidate to host ACE2 co-crystallized with COVID-19 spike protein. Results: Carnosine emerged as the best known drug candidate to match ACE2 inhibitor structure. Preliminary docking was more optimal to ACE2 than the known typical angiotensin-converting enzyme 1 (ACE1) inhibitor (enalapril) and quite comparable to known or presumed ACE2 inhibitors. Viral spike protein elements binding to ACE2 were retained in the best carnosine pose in SwissDock at 1.75 Angstroms. Out of the three main areas of attachment expected to the co-crystallized protein structure, carnosine bind with higher affinity to two compared to the known ACE2 active site. LibDock score was 92.40 for site 3, 90.88 for site 1, and inside the active site 85.49. Conclusion: Carnosine has promising inhibitory interactions with host ACE2 co-crystallized with COVID-19 spike protein and hence could offer potential mitigating effect against current COVID-19 pandemic.
Уравнение Власова для фононов и его макроскопические следствия
Authors: Волков Юрий Александрович , Volkov Yurii Aleksandrovich , Дмитриев Александр Сергеевич , Dmitriev Aleksandr Sergeevich , Марков Михаил Борисович , Markov Mikhail Borisovich
Published: October 2020

Получены поправки к гармоническому приближению для первого порядка теории
гиперупругости в рамках релаксационного приближения для кубического кристалла. Построено уравнение Власова для бесстолкновительного газа фононов в самосогласованном поле деформаций. Рассмотрены столкновения фононов в приближении релаксации к равновесному распределению. Показано, что в термодинамическом пределе для гидродинамики фононного газа справедливы уравнения термоупругости. Рассмотрена связь кинетической модели фононного газа с уравнениями
Каттанео, Гайера-Крумхансла и термоупругости в форме Био.
Модели общей циркуляции атмосферы Земли. Достижения и направления развития
Authors: Четверушкин Борис Николаевич , Chetverushkin Boris Nikolaevich , Мингалев Игорь Викторович , Mingalev Igor' Viktorovich , Чечеткин Валерий Михайлович , Chechetkin Valerii Mikhailovich , Орлов Константин Геннадьевич , Orlov Konstantin Gennad'evich , Федотова Екатерина Алфеевна , Fedotova Ekaterina Alfeevna , Мингалев Виктор Степанович , Mingalev Viktor Stepanovich , Мингалев Олег Викторович , Mingalev Oleg Viktorovich
Published: October 2020

В данной работе изложен анализ уровня описания главных физических процессов в атмосфере Земли в современных моделях общей циркуляции атмосферы Земли и дан краткий обзор современных моделей, используемых основными прогностическими центрами. Обсуждаются перспективные направления развития моделей общей циркуляции атмосферы Земли.
Компромиссные паретовские оценки параметров линейной регрессии
Authors: Носков Сергей Иванович , Noskov Sergei Ivanovich
Published: October 2020

Материал настоящей статьи основан на работах автора, посвященных построению множества Парето в двухкритериальной задаче оценивания параметров линейного регрессионного уравнения с функциями потерь, соответствующими городскому расстоянию и расстоянию Чебышева. Известно, что первая из них не чувствительна к выбросам, вторая же, напротив, к ним тяготеет. В этих работах показано, что такая задача сводится к многокритериальной задаче линейного программирования, а ее решением является множество Парето. В статье предлагается способ проверки паретовости произвольной оценки параметров, а также, в случае выявления ее непаретовости, определения компромиссных в заданных смыслах оценок. При этом все сформулированные задачи сводятся к достаточно простым в вычислительном отношении задачам линейного программирования.
THE VALUE OF FPR INDICATOR IN DEPENDENCE OF DAIRY COWS’ BODY CONDITION IN THE FIRST MONTH OF LACTATION
Authors:   Department of Cattle Breeding and Milk Production, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland, ADAMSKI Maciej , PACOŃ Jakub ,   Department of Cattle Breeding and Milk Production, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
Published: October 2020

The research was performed on 100 cows of Black and White Polish Holstein-Friesian breed. The studied cows were under a visual and tactile evaluation of body condition using a BCS (Body Condition Scoring) method performed on the day of parturition as well as 30th day of lactation. The observation results of the body condition changes during that period were juxtaposed with FPR. The value of that indicator was determined on the base of control milking performed on the 30th day of lactation. The aim of the research was defining the relationship between the value of FPR and the changes of cows’ body condition between the day of parturition and 30th day of lactation. The statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) of FPR value in dependence of the changes in cows’ body condition between the parturition day and 30th day of lactation were determined.
Integrated project-based e-learning with science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics (PjBeL-STEAM): its effect on science process skills
Authors: Mufida Siti Nur , Sigit Diana Vivanti , Ristanto Rizhal Hendi
Published: October 2020

This research aims to analyze the effect of the project-based e-learning with science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics (PjBeL-STEAM) learning model on students’ science process skills. The PjBeL-STEAM learning model emphasizes on project activities with interdisciplinary through online learning. The research employs a quasi-experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group design. The research population includes students of grade X in ecosystem learning at one of public senior high schools in Jakarta Timur, Indonesia. The research sample consists of 72 students taken using purposive sampling. The main projects in PjBeL-STEAM learning include creating an animation of biogeochemical cycles and independent experiments. The research data on science process skills are collected using pretest and posttest questions. Students’ response to learning uses Likert scale instruments. The data analysis technique employs an Independent sample t-test. The research results indicate that the PjBeL-STEAM learning model provides better effects on science process skills than in control class. It is necessary to implement the PjBeL-STEAM learning model in online Biology learning to improve science process skills in better ecosystem learning.
Edmodo as a solution to enhance student learning interest in high school biodiversity during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Wicaksana Ervan Johan , Atmadja Pramana , Wikanso W , Putri Loly Nadila , Muthia Gusti Ayu
Published: October 2020

This study aims to improve the quality of learning by applying Edmodo's application at biodiversity class material of class 10 students in increasing student learning interest during Covid-19 period. Based on observations at SHS 3 Kerinci regency in Jambi province, Indonesia it was known that students' interest in learning biology was still low. This was due to the lack of availability of existing facilities and the learning process that is still through lectures and questions and answers. Students were less involved in exploring information about biological concepts causing low student interest in learning. The method used was Classroom Action Research. The research procedure was in the form of a cycle to know the improvement of student interest. Each cycle consists of four stages, including Planning, Acting, Observation, and Reflection. Data Collection Techniques was conducted through Questionnaire, Observation, and Documentation. This data collection used an instrument in the form of an Online Learning Interest Questionnaire and Observation Sheet conducted online. This study showed that the results of observations of student interest in online learning obtained in cycle II received criteria of very high at 96%. While the results of student interest in online learning questionnaire obtained with high criteria that was 76.74%. Based on the research done, it can be concluded that the application of Edmodo media in online learning increases student interest in biodiversity material in science class X-2 SHS 3 Kerinci regency in Jambi, Indonesia.
Effectiveness of a combined surf and psychological preventive intervention with children and adolescents in residential childcare: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Pereira Ana I.
Published: October 2020

Children and adolescents living in residential childcare have a higher prevalence of mental health problems as a result of a history of adverse childhood experiences. Therefore, this population should be a priority target for mental health preventive interventions. The current study analyses the effectiveness of the Wave by Wave surf therapy program, that combines surfing with a psychological group intervention, through a randomized controlled trial. Seventy-three youth (7-17 years) living in residential care participated in the study. Main mental health outcomes (adjustment problems, depression, anxiety, and wellbeing) and secondary outcomes (self-efficacy, self-regulation, sleep quality, physical activity, pro-social behavior, and social connectivity) were assessed at pre- and post-intervention. The results indicated a significant impact of the intervention on mental health outcomes reported by the key residential worker, with medium to large effect sizes. Specifically, after the intervention, there was a significant reduction in the total emotional and behavioural problems, and a significant increase of youth pro-social behaviour and quality of life that was not observed for the waiting list group. There were no significant effects on other measures reported by the children (e.g., depression and anxiety, self-esteem, emotion regulation, social connectedness, sleep quality, physical activity) and on executive functions measures. The Wave by Wave program seems to be an effective intervention to reduce behavior problems and to promote pro-social behavior in a high-risk sample. The absence of significant effects on other dimensions may indicate the need of some complementary support to address specific difficulties of this population.