Immunohistochemical Characteristics of Ischemic Process in Hippocampal Formation in Posterity of Female Rats after Labor Induction
Authors:   Zaporizhzhia State Medical University. 24, Mayakovsky Ave., Zaporizhzhia 69035, Ukraine, Mamay I. Yu. , Hryhorieva O. A. , Dariy V. I. 
Published: June 2021

The response to perinatal hypoxia, developing in stimulating generic activity, is the activation of microglia, which induces the development of local inflammation of the brain and leads to the death of neurons. The formation of the hippocampus supports important physiological and behavioral functions, including spatial learning and memory, and is part of the brain, which is especially vulnerable to changes in blood glucose and oxygen. Thus, the study of the features of the development of hippocampal formation in the postnatal period after stimulating generic activity is relevant. The purpose of the study was to study the features of Glial fibrillary acidic protein and NeuN expression in the hippocampal formation in posterity of female rats after PgE2 injection for labor induction. Materials and methods. Pregnant females of the experimental group on the twenty-second day of pregnancy were injected intravaginally with PGE2 in the form of a gel to stimulate the generic activity. Birth occurred on the twenty-third day after conception. Birth in the intact group of rats occurred on the 23-24th day after conception. The large hemispheres of the rat brain were fixed in a 10% neutral formal solution, dehydrated in an ascending alcohol battery. For immunohistochemical studies, paraffin sections were used with 3 microns with a thickness of 3 microns. Glial fibrillary acidic protein Mouse Monoclonal Antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc.) is used to detect astrocytes (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc.). NeuN Mouse Monoclonal Antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc.) was used to identify neurons on the 1st, 7th, 14th, 45th days after birth in histological cuts of hippocampus and gear, using a program for analyzing and processing images Image J, studied the relative area occupied by Glial fibrillary acidic protein + NeuN + cells. Data is processed by variation statistics. The results are reliable at p <0.05. All animal experiments were performed according to international principles of the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals Used for Experimental and Other Scientific Purposes” (Strasbourg, 18.03.86) and the Law of Ukraine No. 1759-VI (15.12.2009) On the Protection of Animals from Cruelty. Results and discussion. We identified that by the changes in the hippocampus and the toothed gyrus of the rats after induction of labor, increased Glial fibrillary acidic protein expression on the first day after birth and reducing the NeuN expression on the 14th and 45th day of life in experimental animals compared to the control group were included. Conclusion. The density of the distribution of Glial fibrillary acidic protein + cells in the hippocampus and the dentate gyrus of rats changes wavily throughout the first month and a half of postnatal life. In the offspring of rats, after stimulation of labor on the first day of life, a reliable increase in the relative area occupied by Glial fibrillary acidic protein + astrocytes is determined compared to the control (49.3±2.6% and 36.8±5.9%, respectively). In the hippocampus and the dentate gyrus of rats after stimulation of labor during the first 45 days after birth, the gradual decrease in the relative area occupied by NeuN + neurons is determined, in contrast to the control animals, in which this index practically does not change. On the 14th and 45th days, the index of the relative area occupied by NeuN + neurons in experimental rats is reliably lower than in control (p <0.05).