bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
M-estimation based Robust Approach for Hybrid Dynamic State Estimation in Power Systems
Authors: Kundu Shubhrajyoti , Alam Mehebub , Saha Roy Biman Kumar , Thakur Siddhartha Sankar
Published: February 2022

Background:

The state estimation (SE) process in power systems estimates bus voltage
magnitude and phase angles vital for operating the system securely and reliably. The power systems
state estimation problem has been extensively solved through a weighted least squares (WLS) based
static approach that fails to track the system dynamics. Furthermore, those approaches are not inherently
robust against outliers, yielding a separate bad data processing (BDP) technique. Popular Dynamic
state estimation (DSE) schemes which mainly employ nonlinear Kalman filters like Extended
Kalman Filter (EKF) and Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF), also suffer from providing a reasonable estimation
of states in the presence of bad data. Although several generalized maximum (GM) likelihood-
based DSE approaches are robust against outliers, they are mainly based on nonlinear Kalman
filters, which yield an iterative process. Therefore, this article focuses on developing a robust DSE
approach that gives a good estimation of states against outliers in a single iteration.

Objective:

This article aims to propose a robust hybrid non-iterative DSE approach that gives robust
SE results in the presence of bad data.

Methods:

The proposed novel robust hybrid DSE (NRHDSE) approach combines the robust Mestimation
with the original novel hybrid DSE (NHDSE) approach. The proposed scheme implements
a suitable linear relationship between integrated hybrid measurements and complex states. The proposed
method uses a linear measurement model and thus employs an optimal linear Kalman filter to
correct or estimate states.

Results:

The efficacy of the proposed approach has been demonstrated by applying it on IEEE 57, 118
bus test systems and one more extensive 246 Indian utility bus system, namely, Northern Regional
Power Grid (NRPG), and after that comparing it with the original NHDSE, and DSE methods based
on traditional EKF and M-estimation based robust version of EKF (REKF). The simulation result
demonstrates the superiority of the proposed approach.

Conclusions:

Obtained results clearly show the superiority of the proposed approach.
Comparison of the Erectile Dysfunction Drugs Sildenafil and Tadalafil Using Patient Medication Reviews: Topic Modeling Study
Authors: Kim Maryanne , Noh Youran , Yamada Akihiko , Hong Song Hee
Published: February 2022

Background

Topic modeling of patient medication reviews of erectile dysfunction (ED) drugs can help identify patient preferences regarding ED treatment options. The identification of a set of topics important to the patient from social network service drug reviews would inform the design of patient-centered medication counseling.

Objective

This study aimed to (1) identify the distinctive topics from patient medication reviews unique to tadalafil versus sildenafil; (2) determine if the primary topics are distributed differently for each drug and for each patient characteristic (age and time on ED drug therapy); and (3) test if the primary topics affect satisfaction with ED drug therapy controlling for patient characteristics.

Methods

Data were collected from the patient medication reviews of sildenafil and tadalafil posted on WebMD and Ask a Patient. The latent Dirichlet allocation method of natural language processing was used to identify 5 distinctive topics from the patient medication reviews on each drug. Analysis of variance and a 2-sample t test were conducted to compare the topic distribution and assess whether patient satisfaction varies with the primary topics, age, and time on medication for each ED drug. Statistical significance was tested at an alpha of .05.

Results

The patient medication reviews of sildenafil (N=463) had 2 topics on treatment benefit and 1 each on medication safety, marketing claim, and treatment comparison, while the patient medication reviews of tadalafil (N=919) had 2 topics on medication safety and 1 each on the remaining subjects. Sildenafil’s reviewers quite frequently (94/463, 20.4%) mentioned erection sustainability as their primary topic, whereas tadalafil’s reviewers were more concerned about severe medication safety. Those who mentioned erection sustainability as their primary topic were quite satisfied with their treatment as opposed to those who mentioned severe medication safety as their primary topic (score 3.85 vs 2.44). The discovered topics reflected the marketing claims of blue magic and amber romance for sildenafil and tadalafil, respectively. The topic of blue magic was preferred among younger patients, while the topic of amber romance was preferred among older patients. The topic alternative choices, which appeared for both the ED drugs, reflected patient interest in the comparative effectiveness and price outside the drug labeling information.

Conclusions

The patient medication reviews of ED drugs reflect patient preferences regarding drug labeling information, marketing claims, and alternative treatment choices. The patient preferences concerning ED treatment attributes inform the design of patient-centered communication for improved ED drug therapy.
The Case for the Anesthesiologist-Informaticist
Authors: Lee Robert , Hitt James , Hobika Geoffrey G , Nader Nader D
Published: February 2022

Health care has been transformed by computerization, and the use of electronic health record systems has become widespread. Anesthesia information management systems are commonly used in the operating room to maintain records of anesthetic care delivery. The perioperative environment and the practice of anesthesia generate a large volume of data that may be reused to support clinical decision-making, research, and process improvement. Anesthesiologists trained in clinical informatics, referred to as informaticists or informaticians, may help implement and optimize anesthesia information management systems. They may also participate in clinical research, management of information systems, and quality improvement in the operating room or throughout a health care system. Here, we describe the specialty of clinical informatics, how anesthesiologists may obtain training in clinical informatics, and the considerations particular to the subspecialty of anesthesia informatics. Management of perioperative information systems, implementation of computerized clinical decision support systems in the perioperative environment, the role of virtual visits and remote monitoring, perioperative informatics research, perioperative process improvement, leadership, and change management are described from the perspective of the anesthesiologist-informaticist.
A Web-Based, Time-Use App To Assess Children’s Movement Behaviors: Validation Study of My E-Diary for Activities and Lifestyle (MEDAL)
Authors: Tan Sarah Yi Xuan , Chia Airu , Tai Bee Choo , Natarajan Padmapriya , Goh Claire Marie Jie Lin , Shek Lynette P , Saw Seang Mei , Chong Mary Foong-Fong , Müller-Riemenschneider Falk
Published: February 2022

Background

Existing modes of collecting self-reported 24-hour movement information from children, including digital assessments, have not been demonstrated to be of acceptable validity when compared to objective measurements. My E-Diary for Activities and Lifestyle (MEDAL) is an interactive web-based diary developed to collect time-use information from children aged 10 years and older.

Objective

This study evaluated the validity of MEDAL for assessing children’s movement behaviors by comparing self-reported and accelerometer-measured time spent in movement behavior among children in Singapore aged 10-11 years.

Methods

Funding for this study was obtained in October 2017, and data were collected between April and August 2020. Participants recorded their daily activities using MEDAL over 2 specified weekdays and 2 weekend days and wore an Actigraph accelerometer on their nondominant wrist throughout the study to objectively assess movement behaviors. Spearman correlation coefficient and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used to compare the accelerometer measurements and self-reports for each movement behavior. Bland-Altman plots were generated to investigate trends of bias in the self-reports.

Results

Among the participants aged 10-11 years (29/49, 59% boys), we observed that children reported lower light physical activity (LPA) and higher moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), inactivity, and night sleep than that measured by the accelerometer. There was a moderate-to-strong correlation between self-reported and accelerometer-measured MVPA (r=0.37; 95% CI 0.20-0.54), inactivity (r=0.36; 95% CI 0.18-0.54), and night sleep (r=0.58; 95% CI 0.43-0.74); the correlation for LPA was poor (r=0.19; 95% CI 0.02-0.36). Agreement was poor for all behaviors (MVPA: ICC=0.24, 95% CI 0.07-0.40; LPA: ICC=0.19, 95% CI 0.01-0.36; inactivity: ICC=0.29, 95% CI 0.11-0.44; night sleep: ICC=0.45, 95% CI 0.29-0.58). There was stronger correlation and agreement on weekdays for inactivity and night sleep; conversely, there was stronger correlation and agreement for MVPA and LPA on weekend days. Finally, based on Bland-Altman plots, we observed that with increasing MVPA, children tended to report higher MVPA than that measured by the accelerometer. There were no clear trends for the other behaviors.

Conclusions

MEDAL may be used to assess the movement behaviors of children. Based on self-reports, the children are able to estimate their time spent in MVPA, inactivity, and night sleep although actual time spent in these behaviors may differ from accelerometer-derived estimates; self-reported LPA warrant cautious interpretation. Observable differences in reporting accuracy exist between weekdays and weekend days.
La lectura como estrategia de inclusión social en las ferias del libro del Estado de México
Authors: Vivero Domínguez Carmina
Published: February 2022

La investigación tiene como objetivo el análisis de la lectura como estrategia de inclusión social en las ferias del libro del Estado de México, para contar con un panorama que visibilice las realidades en relación al tema. Se realizó a partir de un enfoque cualitativo, el cual permitió analizar, dentro de las ferias del libro, las siguientes tres categorías: espacio físico, comercialización y actividades, a fin de poseer una visión interpretativa hacia el objeto de estudio. Como parte de los resultados se puede afirmar que la lectura como estrategia de inclusión social en las ferias del libro del Estado de México comienza gradualmente a vislumbrarse en ciertas acciones que se observaron a partir de las tres categorías antes mencionadas; sin embargo, esta manifestación parece ser de manera transitoria. Fundamentalmente es la parte comercial a la que se atribuye mayor ponderación y esto se puede ver desde la planeación que las respalda, ya que cada feria se organiza de acuerdo con un manual de expositores en donde prevalece la parte productiva y económica, dejando de lado a la feria como un espacio cultural que sirve para lograr, entre otras cosas, que la lectura propicie inclusión social.
Bank Management System Using Salesforce
Authors: Choudhary Yogeshri , Katare Twinkle Vinod , Markandewar Aishwarya Laxmikant , Shyamkuwar Himanshu Milind , Kathikar Pankaj Madanrao , Ladke Payal Gajanan
Published: February 2022

Abstract: Salesforce is a very hot cloud computing technology in the IT industry, which is available on the cloud, with no need to install any software as well as no hardware required. Salesforce is one on-demand CRM, which runs on the platform, as well as CRM, which is a model used to manage organization interactions like phone calls, Emails, Meetings, and Social media with customers and also prospects penetrating to Sales, Marketing, and Support. In this paper, we are discussing Introduction to Cloud Computing, Service models in Cloud Computing, Types of Cloud Computing Architecture of Cloud Computing. This paper aims to show mainly the importance of Salesforce.com which is a software giant that manages to give the buyer an easyto-use as well as extremely effective CRM solution. Keywords: Cloud Computing; CRM;
Experimental Investigation of Heat Transfer by Forced and Natural Convection in a Pin Fin for Different Materials
Authors: Haldar Ruby , Kumar Abhimanyu , Janah Trishit , Biswas Prabir
Published: February 2022

Abstract: In the modern generation heat exchange equipment has become of great importance in many industrial processes and internal combustion engines because it increases the use of energy resources as well as conversion and reuse of thermal energy. In recycling thermal energy, the minimization of temperature differences is more important. High-specific output engines can be developed by developing finned surfaces. Thus fins play an important role in energy. Our investigation deals with the problem of finding the optimum configuration of the fin with the maximum heat dissipation rate. This experimental study focuses on the analysis of the effectof forced convection and natural convection on the characteristics of heat transfer within the pin fin. Keywords: Heat transfer, forced convection, natural convection, pin-fin, Aluminium, Brass
Synthesis and Spectral Studies of Hydantoin Derivativatives of Imidazo [2,1-b][1,3,4] Thiadiazoles
Authors: Naik Ravi S.
Published: February 2022

Abstract: The present article describes the synthesis of Imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles bearing pharmacologically important hydantoin molecules. To synthesize the targeted molecules several imidazothiadiazoles were prepared by condensation of 2- Amino-5-(4-fluorobenzyl)-1,3,4thiadiazole with phenacyl bromides. Which were subsequently subjected to Knoevenagel condensation to afford the hydantoin derivatives. Structures of newly synthesized molecules were confirmed by IR, NMR and Mass spectral studies. Keywords: Thiadiazole, Imidazothiadiazole, hydantoin, Vilsmeier Haack reaction
A Literature Survey on Smart Agriculture Monitoring and Control System Using IOT
Authors: Lad Abhilash , Nandre Sumitra , Raichurkar Krishna , Zarkhande Sumit , Charles Dr. Priya
Published: February 2022

Abstract: India is agriculture sector, on either side, is losing ground every day, affecting the ecosystem's output capacity. In order to restore vitality and put agriculture back on a path of higher growth, there is a growing need to resolve the issue. A large-scale agricultural system necessitates a great deal of upkeep, knowledge, and oversight. The IoT is a network of interconnected devices that can transmit and receive data over the internet and carry out tasks without human involvement. Agriculture provides a wealth of data analysis parameters, resulting in increased crop yields. The use of IoT devices in smart farming aids in the modernization of information and communication. For better crop growth moisture, mineral, light and other factors can be assumed. This research looks into a few of these characteristics for data analysis with the goal of assisting users in making better agricultural decisions using IoT. The technique is intended to help farmers increase their agricultural output. Keywords: Soil, Rain, Sensors, IoT, Smart Irrigation
Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat Masyarakat Lam Lagang Banda Aceh di Era New Normal
Authors: Fitrayandi Rizki , Murni Seri
Published: February 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic has changed many things in an instant. For this reason, a behavior change is needed to be clean and given a new normal era. In implementing the new normal, where the new normal state of the covid-19 virus is no longer there. A clean and healthy lifestyle is an effort to break the signs of the Covid-19 pandemic. The behavior of a clean and healthy life is one of the government's special concerns in implementing the new normal era. Attitudes, lifestyles, ways of working in the new normal era will not be the same as before the Covid-19. So they have to change their behavior, way of life, way of working and thinking in the new normal era. With the behavioral adaptations needed in the new normal era, they can be healthy have a long and productive life.
Extreme ecosystem engineering: The impact of marmots on vegetation cover and plant nitrogen and phosphorus content in a cold, extremely arid mountain environment
Authors: Chibowski Piotr , Zegarek Marcin , Zarzycka Aleksandra , Suska-Malawska Małgorzata
Published: February 2022

We measured the content of nitrogen and phosphorus, as well as nitrogen
stable isotopes in plant biomass and marmot faeces in a distance
gradient up to 20 meters from marmot burrows in an extremely arid
glacier valley in Eastern Pamir, Tajikistan. The goal of this study was
to test well-known mechanisms of ecosystem engineering by burrowing
animals in previously unstudied conditions. We captured aerial images of
the area inhabited by marmots to study the spatial distribution of
vegetation. There was no relationship between the presence of burrows
and vegetation cover. Burrow mounds were not colonised by plants, as
opposed to other ecosystems, where mounds are often microhabitats that
enhance plant diversity. A significant increase in N and P in
aboveground green plant biomass in the proximity of burrows was found in
one out of six studied species. Stable N isotopes did not give further
insight into N routing, contrary to our expectations. We assume that
plant growth is strongly limited by water availability, which prevents
them from utilizing the local increase in nutrients, certainly provided
by marmot activity. The results are contrary to numerous studies which
showed that the role of burrowing animals as ecosystem engineers
increases with increasing abiotic stress, including aridity. This shows
a lack of this type of study in the end of the gradient of abiotic
factors.
Theoretical and Empirical Evidence for Extended Phenotypes in a Specialized Parasite of Spiders
Authors: Saltamachia Stephen James
Published: February 2022

Parasite induced changes in host behavior is considered adaptive if it
provides a reproductive advantage to the parasite. The entomopathogenic
fungi are a fascinating group of arthropod parasites that exhibit
enormous diversity in terms of both host choice and reproductive
strategy, some of which actively manipulate the behavior of their host
as a means to increase reproductive success. Here we focus on anamorphs
of the genus Torrubiella, namely Gibellula spp., which are all obligate
pathogens of spiders that kill their hosts in locations suspiciously
ideal for fungal reproduction and propagation. In a final, eerily
purposeful act, hosts reliably spin a thin stratum of web on the
under-surface of a leaf to which they secure themselves immediately
before death. We provide both theoretical and empirical lines of
evidence that this phenomenon represents an extended phenotype of
parasite genes analogous to those observed in other taxonomically
related parasite-host systems. We argue that observations of spiders
killed by Gibellula sp. both in the field (in situ) and the laboratory
(in vitro), as well as this species’ close phylogenetic relation to
other fungal lineages believed or suspected to influence host behavior,
are strong evidence for the presence of adaptive manipulation.
Environmental unpredictability and stochasticity underlie dispersive movements of a terrestrial amphibian
Authors: Jreidini Nathalie , Green David
Published: February 2022

Dispersive movements are often thought to be multiclausal and driven by
individual body size, sex, conspecific density, environmental variation
and/or other factors. Yet such factors rarely account for most of the
variation present among dispersive movements in nature, leaving open the
possibility that dispersion might be indeterministic and vary in
response to environmental stochasticity. We assessed the amount of
variation in movement distances that could be accounted for by potential
predictors of dispersal with a large empirical dataset of movement
distances performed by Fowler’s Toads (Anaxyrus fowleri) on the northern
shore of Lake Erie at Long Point, Ontario (2002 – 2021, incl.). These
toads are easy to sample repeatedly, can be identified individually and
undertake dispersive movements parallel to the shoreline on a daily
basis as they forage at night. Using a linear mixed-effect model that
incorporated random effect terms to account for sampling variance and
inter-year environmental variation, we found that all potential
predictors of dispersive movements of these animals were, at best, weak
predictors that accounted for virtually none of the variation observed
among movement distances. We also used linear regression models to test
for the impact of environmental stochasticity on dispersive movements
and identified a strong positive correlation between the distribution of
toad movement distances and variability in lake water level. We conclude
that deterministic proximal factors, whether intrinsic or extrinsic,
neither can be shown nor are necessary to drive dispersive movements in
this population. Variation in dispersive movements can be ascribed,
instead, to environmental unpredictability, consistent with nomadism.
An ETD method for multi-asset American option pricing under jump-diffusion model
Authors: Company R. , Egorova Vera N. , Jodar Lucas
Published: February 2022

In this paper we propose a numerical method for American multi-asset
options under jump-diffusion model based on the combination of the
exponential time differencing (ETD) technique for the differential
operator and Gauss-Hermite quadrature for the integral term. In order to
simplify the computational stencil and improve characteristics of the
ETD-scheme mixed derivative eliminating transformation is applied. The
results are compared with recently proposed methods.
Sentinel node mapping and biopsy in ectopic axillary breast cancer: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Harris Micah , Guo Marissa , Mangino Ann , Taylor Clayton , Carson William
Published: February 2022

Sentinel lymph node mapping in patients with axillary breast carcinoma
is technically challenging and poorly described in the literature. We
report a patient with primary ectopic breast carcinoma of the axilla in
whom concurrent peri-tumoral and intra-tumoral injection of radionuclide
tracer allowed for identification and biopsy of sentinel lymph nodes.
Assessment of Pulmonary Artery Diameters in Pediatric COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Fidan Serdar , Alpaslan Muhammed , Ünlü Erdal , Dulkadir Ramazan , Güneş Ali
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT Background: This study was conducted to investigate the
relationship between clinical course and pulmonary artery (PA) diameters
in children diagnosed with COVID-19. Method: The study included 62
patients who presented COVID-19 symptoms between March 2020 and April
2021. Group 1 consisted of 32 pediatric patients who were COVID-19 PCR
(+), while Group 2 consisted of 30 pediatric patients who were COVID-19
PCR(-). The data were collected retrospectively from medical records.
Patients who developed pneumonia due to causes other than COVID-19 and
those who had a history of pulmonary hypertension or pulmonary
thromboembolism were excluded. The patients were examined based on their
Computerized Tomographic (CT) findings, simultaneous whole blood
parameters and biochemical parameters. Results: The thoracic CT findings
of 18 of the patients in Group 1 were found normal. The CT images of 14
patients showed pulmonary involvement. Among the patients with pulmonary
involvement, 8 had moderate pneumonia characterized by a ground-glass
pattern, and 6 had severe pneumonia indicated by consolidation and
linear opacities. The right pulmonary artery, left pulmonary artery and
inferior vena cava (IVC) diameters of the patients in Group 1 were
significantly higher than those of the patients in Group 2. Conclusion:
The results of this study suggested that increased PA diameters in
children diagnosed with COVID-19 may be accompanied by increased
inflammation, high vascular resistance, hypoxemia and thromboembolic
events. While it is thought that increased PA and IVC diameters are a
factor that may indicate clinical deterioration in COVID-19 patients,
more comprehensive studies are needed.
Investigation of Maximum Voluntary Contraction Activity during Robotic Gait
Authors: FİDAN Ugur , ÇALIKUŞU İsmail
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate healthy people’s and patients’ lower extremity muscle activities during robotic gait using kinesiology analysis. Initially, muscle signals were taken from 6 paraplegic patients such as spinal cord injury (SCI) and stroke patients, 2 hemiplegic patients and 4 healthy persons. Then, signals were analyzed by using signal processing techniques such as filtering, rectifying, Root Mean Square (RMS) and also by calculating the Max Voluntary Contraction (MVC). As a result, it was seen that hip muscles such as the Gluteus Maximus (GMA), Gluteus Medius (GM) and Iliopsoas (ILP) had lower MVC values in the hemiplegic patients than those of the SCI patients and the healthy persons. Additionally, when the signals that were obtained were analyzed, it was found that the activity of the Medial Gastrocnemius (MG) muscle could be used in determination of movement path and movement intention. Moreover, the EMG results of gait motion may be helpful in applying accurate amplitude and frequency stimulation in epidural stimulation (ES) therapy.
ODTÜ Teknokent Firmalarının Performanslarının Veri Zarflama Analizi Modelleri ile İncelenmesi
Authors: ÖRKCÜ H. Hasan , SEVİM Özge
Published: February 2022

Teknolojik gelişmeler, toplumsal alandaki sosyal ve kültürel etkilerinin yanında, geliştirildiği ülkenin ekonomik kalkınma hamlesinin en önemli adımlarından biri olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Günümüz dünyasında, ülkeler arasında gerçekleşen teknolojik transfer ve etkileşimler, bu alanda gelişmiş ülkelerin ekonomik gelirlerinin çoğunluğunu oluşturmaktadır. Ülkelerin yüksek teknoloji miktarlarını arttırmak için izledikleri en yaygın strateji, teknokent yapılanmalarını desteklemektir. Bu çalışmada, firmaları sıralamak ve en etkin birimi belirlemek için geliştirilen bazı Veri Zarflama Analizi modelleri ele alınmış ve ODTÜ Teknokent bünyesinde faaliyet gösteren firmaların performansı bu modeller ile incelenmiştir. Firmaların performans değerlendirmesinde girdi olarak personel sayısı ve AR-GE Gideri değişkenleri; çıktı olarak ise proje sayısı, fikri mülkiyet hakkı sayısı, AR-GE geliri, iş birliği sayısı, firma puanı ve desteklenen proje sayısı değişkenleri dikkate alınmıştır.
In Vitro Performance of Different Universal Adhesive Systems on Several CAD/CAM Restorative Materials After Thermal Aging
Authors: Alegría-Acevedo LF , Gutiérrez MF , Perdigão J , Núñez A , Méndez-Bauer L , Dávila-Sanchez A , Reis A , Loguercio AD
Published: February 2022

Objective

To evaluate the microshear bond strength (mSBS) of 10 universal adhesive systems applied on five different CAD/CAM restorative materials, immediately and after thermal aging.

Methods and Materials

Five CAD/CAM materials were selected: 1) feldspathic glass ceramic (FeCe); 2) pre-polymerized reinforced resin composite (ReRC); 3) leucite-reinforced glass ceramic (LeGC); 4) lithium disilicate (LiDi); and 5) yttrium-stabilized zirconium dioxide (ZiDi). For each material, 15 blocks were cut into four rectangular sections (6 × 6 × 6 mm; n=60 per group) and processed as recommended by the respective manufacturer. For each indirect material, the following adhesive systems were applied according to the respective manufacturer’s instructions: 1) AdheSE Universal [ADU]; 2) All-Bond Universal [ABU]; 3) Ambar Universal [AMB]; 4) Clearfil Universal Bond [CFU]; 5) Futurabond U [FBU]; 6) One Coat 7 Universal [OCU]; 7) Peak Universal Bond [PUB]; 8) Prime&Bond Elect [PBE]; 9) Scotchbond Universal Adhesive [SBU]; 10) Xeno Select [XEN, negative control]. After the application of the adhesive system, cylinder-shaped transparent matrices were filled with a dual-curing resin cement (NX3) and light cured. Specimens were tested in shear mode at 1.0 mm/min (mSBS), after 24 hours and 10,000 thermal cycles (TC). All data were submitted to statistical analysis (α=0.05).

Results

For FeCe, there was no significant decrease in mean mSBS for AMB, FBU, and SBU after TC when compared at 24 hours. For ReRC, AMB and SBU showed higher mean mSBS when compared to CFU and XEN, after 24 hours and TC. For LiDi, FBU and OCU showed higher mean mSBS when compared to CFU and XEN, after 24 hours and TC. For LeGC, AMB and PUB showed higher mean mSBS when compared to XEN, after 24 hours and TC. For ZiDi, OCU and SBU showed higher mean mSBS when compared to XEN, after 24 hours and TC. In addition, PBE and XEN showed the lowest mean mSBS after TC with higher percentage of bond strength reduction.

Conclusions

The mean mSBS among the different universal adhesives varied widely for each CAD/CAM material used. In addition, most universal adhesives underwent a statistically significant bond strength reduction after TC.
ANALISA KUALITAS AIR INJEKSI BERDASARKAN PARAMETER H2S, BAKTERI, DAN SCALE INDEX DI SP VI TALANG JIMAR PT. PERTAMINA EP ASSET 2 FIELD PRABUMULIH
Authors: Anugrah Agnesa , Gede Ratna Juliasih Ni Luh , Abadi Kiswandono Agung , Shinta Dewi
Published: February 2022

Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk menentukan kualitas air injeksi yang diambil dari Outlet FWKO, Outlet Wash tank, Inlet Nutshell, dan Outlet Pompa di SP VI Talang Jimar PT. Pertamina Asset 2 Field Prabumulih. Pada proses air injeksi masalah yang sering terjadi adalah mengenai korosi dan scale selain itu bakteri yang bertumbuh pesat yang mengakibatkan kerusakan-kerusakan yang merugikan bagi jalannya produksi migas. Air yang diinjeksi juga belum benar-benar baik dan jernih untuk digunakan kembali sehingga perlu dilakukan analisa untuk mengetahui kualitas air injeksi sehingga proses air injeksi tidak mengalami permasalahan yang baru pada peralatan-peralatan yang akan digunakan. Penentuan kualitas air injeksi ini didasarkan pada parameter H2S, bakteri, dan scale index. Untuk pelaksanaannya analisa yang dilakukan diantaranya analisa kandungan CO3, CO2, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl¯, HCO3¯, SO4 2- , Fe, Specific gravity (SG), pH, H2S, dan SRB (Sulfate Reducing Bacteri). Berdasarkan hasil analisa dan standar baku air injeksi dengan parameter H2S, bakteri, dan scale index pada Outlet FWKO, Outlet Wash tank, Inlet Nusthell, dan Outlet Pompa dapat diketahui air injeksi layak untuk di injeksikan pada sumur-sumur dan memenuhi standar baku mutu.
SABUN SUSU SAPI DENGAN PENAMBAHAN KULIT KAYU MANIS SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI
Authors: Dinastuti Ria , Abadi Kiswandono Agung , Fatimah Siti
Published: February 2022

Sabun terdiri dari campuran senyawa natrium dengan asam lemak yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pembersih tubuh, berbentuk padat, berbusa, dengan atau tanpa penambahan zat lain dan tidak menimbulkan iritasi pada kulit. Batang kayu manis digunakan untuk meningkatkan harga jual dari batang kayu manis, mengedukasi masyarakat bahwa kayu manis dapat digunakan sebagai bahan kosmetik selain sebagai bumbu masakan dan untuk ketersediaan tanaman kayu manis sangat melimpah dan mudah ditemui dilingkungan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat sabun susu sapi dengan penambahan kulit kayu manis sebagai aroma dengan menggunakan variasi pengaruh konsentrasi NaOH, metode ekstraksi, dan karakteristik pada sabun yang akan dihasilkan menggunakan proses dingin. Sebelum ditambahakan, kulit kayu manis harus di ekstrak terlebih dahulu. Setelah di ekstraksi kemudian di olah menjadi sabun batang, sabun yang dihasilkan adalah sabun dengan konsentrasi NaOH 35% dengan metode ekstraksi pada suhu tinggi. Hasil uji karakteristik sabun dengan konsentrasi 35% dengan metode ekstraksi suhu tinggi menghasilkan kadar air sebesar 1,82%, pH 10, stabilitas busa 88,24%, alkali bebas 0,01%, dan bilangan penyabunan 15,09%. Sabun yang dihasilkan memenuhi standar SNI sabun batang 3532:2016.
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN KARBOHIDRAT TERLARUT TOTAL PLANLET BAYAM MERAH [Alternanthera amoena (Lem.) Voss] RESISTEN TERHADAP CEKAMAN GARAM (NaCl) SECARA IN VITRO
Authors: Nurcahyani Endang , Pratiwi Dian , Zulkifli Zulkifli , L. Lande Martha
Published: February 2022

Bayam merah [Alternanthera amoena (Lemaire) Voss.] banyak digemarioleh masyarakat karena kandungan nutrisinya yang bermanfaat seperti melancarkan peredaran darah, menurunkan tekanan darah tinggi dan kolesterol, sehingga produksi bayam merah harus lebih dioptimalkan. Saat ini banyak lahan pertanian yang terakumulasi oleh garam termasuk Indonesia. Salah satu alternatif yang dapat digunakan yaitu dengan penggunaan varietas bayam merah yang toleran terhadap cekaman garam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi NaCl yang efektif terhadap pertumbuhan planlet bayam merah dan karakter ekspresi bayam merah dalam mengahadapi cekaman garam secara in vitro. Metode yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 taraf konsentrasi NaCl yaitu 0%; 0,25%; 0,50%; 0,75% dan 1% dengan 5 kali ulangan. Analisis data mengunakan one way ANOVA pada taraf 5% dan uji lanjut dengan uji Tukey pada taraf nyata 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan NaCl berpengaruh pada karakter ekspresi planlet bayam merah seperti menurunnya tinggi tanaman dan peningkatan kandungan karbohidrat planlet bayam merah pada kondisi cekaman garam secara in vitro.
ANALISIS AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN SIRIH HIJAU (Piper betle Linn) PADA HANDSOAP MENGGUNAKAN METODE CAKRAM
Authors: Sheira Rait Aiga , Nurhasanah Nurhasanah , Abadi Kiswandono Agung
Published: February 2022

Sabun cair adalah bahan pembersih berbentuk cair yang ditambahkan surfaktan dan banyak digunakan untuk keperluan manusia. Salah satunya adalah sabun cair cuci tangan atau handsoap digunakan oleh masyarakat untuk membersihkan kulit pada bagian tangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak daun sirih hijau pada handsoap. Metode yang digunakan yaitu ekstraksi daun sirih menggunakan pelarut air, uji aktivitas antibakteri, uji variasi konsentrasi, uji variasi lama penyimpanan dan uji ekstrak daun sirih hijau sebagai pengganti isopropil pada handsoap. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode cakram. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun sirih hijau segar memiliki daya hambat yang paling besar dibandingkan dengan ekstrak daun sirih kering dan ekstrak daun sirih yang disimpan 3 bulan yakni sebesar 10 mm/disk terhadap B subtilis dan 9 mm/disk terhadap E. coli. Variasi konsentrasi 100% menunjukkan daya hambat yang paling besar yakni 9 mm/disk terhadap B. subtilis dan 10 mm/disk terhadap E. coli. Variasi lama penyimpanan menunjukkan tidak ditemukannya zona hambat pada masing-masing media uji. Perbandingan ekstrak daun sirih segar 1:10 memiliki daya hambat yang paling besar yaitu 8 mm/disk terhadap B. substilis dan 9 mm/disk terhadap E. coli dibandingkan dengan isopropil. Handsoap yang mengandung ekstrak daun sirih hijau segar 1:10 menunjukkan daya hambat yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan handsoap yang mengandung isopropil yakni sebesar 14 mm/disk terhadap B. subtilis dan 13 mm/disk terhadap E. coli.
VALIDASI METODE FOTODEGRADASI CONGO RED TERKATALIS ZnO/ZEOLIT Y SECARA SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-VIS
Authors: Gita Riani Dio Regina , Bahri Syaiful , Abadi Kiswandono Agung , Supriyanto R
Published: February 2022

Industri tekstil memproduksi pakaian dengan berbagai macam warna. Dalam proses pewarnaan tekstil, sebagian besar zat warna yang digunakan akan terbuang sebagai limbah. Congo red merupakan salah satu zat warna tekstil yang banyak digunakan. Namun keberadaan zat warna congo red dalam lingkungan perairan dapat merusak berbagai spesies makhluk hidup karena sifat zat warna congo red yang mempunyai toksisitas cukup tinggi. Metode alternatif yang sekarang sedang dikembangkan oleh peneliti untuk mendegradasi limbah adalah metode fotodegradasi. penelitian tentang validasi metode congo red terkatalis ZnO/Zeolit Y secara spektrofotometri UV-Vis, validasi metode bertujuan untuk mendapatkan panjang gelombang optimum, pH optimum, waktu optimum. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan validasi metode congo red terkatalis ZnO/Zeolit Y secara spektrofotometri UV-Vis dengan menentukan linieritas kurva kalibrasi larutan congo red, menentukan limit deteksi (LoD) dan limit kuantifikasi (LoQ), menentukan presisi, menentukan akurasi, dan pengaruh penggunaan katalis ZnO/Zeolit Y. Panjang gelombang optimum larutan pewarna Congo Red 498 nm dengan pH optimum pada pH 5, degradasi warna Congo Red tanpa katalis terjadi pada waktu optimum 120 menit dengan persentase degradasi sebesar 21,68%, penambahan katalis zeolit Y 0,6 mg dapat menurunkan intensitas warna Congo Red sebesar 63,30%, sedangkan penambahkan 0,6 mg ZnO/Zeolit Y dapat menurunkan intensitas warna Congo Red sebesar 78,01%.
ANALISIS PENGARUH BACKWASH TERHADAP PENGOLAHAN AIR BERSIH DI WATER TREATMENT PLANT (WTP) 1 PDAM WAY RILAU BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Mirelda Sari Sania , Rinawati Rinawati
Published: February 2022

Unit Filtrasi merupakan bagian penting dalam proses pengolahan air baku di Perusahaan Daerah Air Minun (PDAM) Way Rilau untuk pemenuhan penyediaan air bersih masyarakat kota Bandar Lampung. Untuk mencegah penyumbatan pada unit filtrasi ini perlu dilakukan pencucian ulang (backwash). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh dan efektifitas proses backwash yang dilakukan di Water Treatment Plant (WTP) PDAM Way Rilau berdasarkan parameter derajat keasaman (pH), kadar kesadahan, kekeruhan, Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) dan konduktivitas. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa proses backwash efektif untuk memaksimalkan kinerja dari unit proses filtrasi yang terlihat dari nilai efektifitas kadar kesadahan serta kekeruhan (40-50)%. Proses ini juga sedikit menurunkan derajat keasaman (pH) (0-5)%, , total dissolved solid (TDS) (5-10)%, dan konduktivitas (10-20)%.
Weather Prediction System Using KNN Classification Algorithm
Authors: Yousif Yousif Elfatih
Published: February 2022

Data Mining is a technology that facilitates extracting relevant and which have factors in common from the set of data. It is the process of analysis data from different perspectives and discovering problems, patterns, and correlations in data sets that are useful for predicting outcomes that help you make a correct decision.  Weather Prediction is a field of meteorology that is created by collecting dynamic data related to the current state of the weather such as temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind. In this paper, we designed a system using a classification method by k-Nearest Neighbors algorithm for predict whether through previous data to determine the expected temperature and humidity the prediction results were compared with real results, the comparison was good and acceptable.
Use of Typha angustifolia L. as Biosorbent to Remove Chloramphenicol in Aqueous Samples
Authors: Pasta Paula C. , Da Silva Adrielli C. P. , Jorgetto Alexandre O. , Saeki Margarida J. , Pedrosa Valber de A. , Martines Marco A. U. , Schneider José F. , Minatel Igor O. , Rabelo Joseane , De Castro Renata Saad Diniz , De Castro Gustavo R.
Published: February 2022

The identification and quantification of different contaminants in natural waters have been widely disseminated in scientific journals. In the last two decades, removal from aqueous samples of drugs and their metabolites, also called emerging contaminants, have been highlighted. The problem of their existence in the environment, besides its persistence, is related to the occurrence of more resistant bacteria, being a serious risk to health. Thus, the objectives of this project were characterization of cattail leaves, Typha angustifolia L. in natura, and its application for the removal of the antibiotic chloramphenicol in aqueous samples. The material was characterized by Fourier Transform in the Infrared Region (FTIR), Point of Zero Charge (PZC), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), as well as surface area measurements (Brunauer, Emmett, Teller-BET). Batch experiments were performed considering the influence of pH, contact time and analyte concentration, whose supernatant solution was quantified by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC). Both results, regarding FTIR spectrum and NMR analysis, corroborated by identifying functional chemical groups that promote interaction between biosorbent and analyte. The pHPZC, estimated around 5.75, was considered to choose the ideal pH of the medium that favors adsorption. By means of SEM images, the material was characterized by parallel plates with large number of channels (heterogeneous surface). Type II isotherm was obtained from BET method, with low surface area, nonporous or macroporous, mono and multilayer adsorption. Pseudo-second order was the model that best fit the adsorption kinetics, while for determining the maximum capacity, the Freundlich model showed the highest agreement.
Morphological Behavior of DPPC-DMPC Two-dimensional Mixed Monolayer on Water Surface by Dropping Method
Authors: Watanabe Yuta , Uchida Daiki , Akatsuka Honoka , Yoshino Akihiro , Taga Keijiro , Yamamoto Yasushi , Shervani Zameer , Yamamoto Masato
Published: February 2022

We have investigated the morphology of dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl choline (DPPC)-dimyristoyl PC (DMPC) mixed monolayer formed on the water surface by the dropping method using surface tension measurement (STm), Brewster angle microscopy (BAM), and infrared external reflection spectroscopy (IERS). The limiting molecular area (A0) obtained by STm showed that the negative deviation at < mole fraction (xDMPC)= 0.4 whereas the positive deviation at > xDMPC =0.6 when DMPC was added to the DPPC monolayer. BAM images also showed that the condensed rigid monolayer at xDMPC < 0.4 changed to the expandable monolayer at xDMPC > 0.5. Moreover, IER spectra showed that the alkyl chains of both DPPC and DMPC molecules are in trans conformation in mixed monolayer at xDMPC =0.2 whereas gauche conformation existed at xDMPC = 0.8. Above findings have justified the transition of flexible gauche conformation alkyl chains of DMPC molecule into rigid trans conformation by the addition of DPPC molecule at xDMPC < 0.4 whereas alkyl chains retained flexible gauche conformation in both DPPC and DMPC molecules at xDMPC > 0.6.
Multidisciplinary Management of A Nasally Displaced Dilacerated Tooth Following Early Childhood Dental Trauma: A Case Report
Authors: M. P. Sockalingam S. Nagarajan , Mohamed Khan Khairil Aznan
Published: February 2022

Traumatic dental injury (TDI) to primary teeth is common in childhood and often not given sufficient attention by parents. Many parents think primary teeth are only transient before permanent successors replace them. One of the serious consequences of TDI to primary teeth is tooth dilaceration of the permanent successor teeth. Luxation injuries, such as intrusion and avulsion to the primary teeth, can give rise to tooth dilaceration of the permanent successor teeth, that some cannot erupt. This case describes dental management of a 12-year-old girl who was concerned about her dental aesthetics because of failed eruption of one of her permanent central incisors. She had a history of tooth avulsion during her childhood to one of her upper front teeth. Parents gave little thought to it and did not seek any treatment, thinking it was only a primary tooth. Investigations showed an unerupted dilacerated right permanent central incisor with the crown nasally orientated. The affected tooth was surgically extracted, the spaces between the maxillary anterior permanent teeth were redistributed orthodontically and the missing tooth in the arch was replaced with a fixed prosthesis. This case highlights the impact of early childhood TDI and one of its dental consequences. Multidisciplinary management approach allows proper discussion between dental specialties on the feasibility of various treatment options and selecting the most suitable treatment to satisfy the patient’s needs from the aesthetic and functional perspectives.
Plunging Ranula with the Oral Counterpart in A 6-Year-Old Boy: A Case Report
Authors: Mabel Etetafia O.
Published: February 2022

A ranula is a collection of salivary fluid on the floor of the oral cavity due to obstruction of the salivary duct or as a result of extravasation of the saliva. A plunging ranula results from extension of salivary fluid into the submental or submandibular spaces through the posterior aspect of the mylohyoid muscle or through a dehiscence on the muscle. It could also extend to multiple spaces mimicking cystic lesions of the neck region. Ranula mostly involve the sublingual gland. The prevalence of ranula is 0.2% per 1000 patients. There are usually no symptoms except when large which then causes discomfort in mastication and swallowing. Various treatment options have been advocated but the most commonly adopted one is drainage of the collection in addition to excision of the affected gland. The case presented is an oral and plunging ranula found in a 6-year-old boy of eight weeks duration. Presenting symptoms were painless swelling underneath and beside the tongue in addition to swelling at the submental region. There was occasional discomfort during mastication and swallowing. Ultrasound scan showed a 40mm by 30 mm cystic mass. The ranula was excised through the intraoral route together with excision of the implicated left sublingual gland. Post-operative reviews show no recurrence.

Conclusion: Oral and plunging ranula do occur in children. Transoral approach to the drainage of the salivary collection with the excision of the affected sublingual gland is appropriate in the management of this condition.
Integration of Mechatronic and Automation Technology in Sustainable Farming for Achieving Food Security in Kenya
Authors: Ontiri Geoffrey K. , Amuhaya Lilian L.
Published: February 2022

Advanced farming that involves modern technology, especially in large scale, can aid in attaining food security for any given country. In this study, the prospects of automation, mechatronics and the developments for modern farming are explored for sustainable agriculture in Kenya.  For the purpose of technological diversification, the use of mechatronics and automation in various smart farming technological systems is presented. It is possible to step up development in realizing food security in Kenya with the use of these modern farming techniques among other similar technologies. The use Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), Internet of Things (IOT), Global System for Mobile (GSM) Communications, photovoltaic thermal solar systems, cloud data storage and radio frequency identification (RFID) technologies that are utilized in autonomous tractors, drone farming, livestock monitoring, smart poultry, dairy, irrigation, greenhouse, and farm warehouse systems are discussed. These advances can result in significant increase in production, efficiency, profits, as well as better monitoring, surveillance and tracking in the farm. Finally, the impact of these technologies on agriculture in relation to sustainable food security is explored, where it is demonstrated that mechatronic farm automation integrated with the mobile applications can offer better farm monitoring, increase yields as well as contribute towards better land utilization.