bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The proportion of loss to follow-up from antiretroviral therapy (ART) and its association with age among adolescents living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Leshargie Cheru Tesema , Demant Daniel , Burrowes Sahai , Frawley Jane
Published: August 2022

Background

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a global health threat, especially in developing countries. The successful scale-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) programs to address this threat is hindered by a high proportion of patient loss to follow-up (LTFU). LTFU is associated with poor viral suppression and increased mortality. It is particularly acute among adolescents, who face unique adherence challenges. Although LTFU is a critical obstacle on the continuum of care for adolescents, few regional-level studies report the proportion of LTFU among adolescents receiving ART. Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to estimate the pooled LTFU in ART programs among adolescents living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).

Methods

We searched five databases (PubMed, Embase (Elsevier), PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Scopus) for articles published between 2005 and 2020 and reference lists of included articles. The PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews were followed. A standardised checklist to extract data was used. Descriptive summaries were presented using narrative tables and figures. Heterogeneity within the included studies was examined using the Cochrane Q test statistics and I2 test. Random effect models were used to estimate the pooled prevalence of LTFU among ALHIV. We used Stata version 16 statistical software for our analysis.

Results

Twenty-nine eligible studies (n = 285,564) were included. An estimated 15.07% (95% CI: 11.07, 19.07) of ALHIV were LTFU. Older adolescents (15–19 years old) were 43% (AOR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.37, 0.87) more likely to be LTFU than younger (10–14 years old) adolescents. We find an insignificant relationship between gender and LTFU (AOR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.87, 1.03). A subgroup analysis found that regional differences in the proportion of adolescent LTFU were not statistically significant. The trend analysis indicates an increasing proportion of adolescent LTFU over time.

Conclusions and recommendations

The proportion of LTFU among HIV-positive adolescents in SSA seems higher than those reported in other regions. Older adolescents in the region are at an increased risk for LTFU than younger adolescents. These findings may help policymakers develop appropriate strategies to retain ALHIV in ART services. Such strategies could include community ART distribution points, appointment spacing, adherence clubs, continuous free access to ART, and community-based adherence support.
A review of horses as a source of spreading livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus to human health
Authors: Khairullah Aswin Rafif , Sudjarwo Sri Agus , Effendi Mustofa Helmi , Ramandinianto Sancaka Chasyer , Widodo Agus , Riwu Katty Hendriana Priscilia
Published: August 2022

Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) was first discovered in horses in 1989. Since then, LA-MRSA has begun to be considered an important strain of pathogenic bacteria in horses, which can cause LA-MRSA infection and colonization in humans with public health impacts. The anterior nares are the primary site of LA-MRSA colonization in horses, although LA-MRSA colonization may also occur in the gastrointestinal tract in horses. LA-MRSA-infected horses typically exhibit clinical infection or may not exhibit clinical infection. There are two potential risks associated with LA-MRSA colonization in horses: The possibility of disease development in horses infected with LA-MRSA and the possibility of LA-MRSA transfer to humans and other horses. The diagnosis of LA-MRSA in horses can be made by conducting in vitro sensitivity testing for oxacillin and cefoxitin, and then followed by a molecular test using polymerase chain reaction. LA-MRSA transmission in animal hospitals and on farms is most likely due to contact with horses infected or colonized by LA-MRSA. The history of prior antibiotic administration, history of prior LA-MRSA colonization, and length of equine hospitalization were described as risk factors in cases of infection and colonization of LA-MRSA in horses. Nebulized antibiotics may be a viable alternative to use in horses, but nebulized antibiotics are only used in horses that are persistently colonized with LA-MRSA. Controlling the spread of LA-MRSA in horses can be done by regularly washing horses, eradicating vectors in horse stalls such as rats, and maintaining the cleanliness of the stable and animal hospital environment. Meanwhile, cleaning hands, using gloves, and donning protective clothes are ways that humans can prevent the transmission of LA-MRSA when handling horses. This review will explain the definition of LA-MRSA in general, LA-MRSA in horses, the epidemiology of LA-MRSA in horses, the diagnosis of LA-MRSA in horses, the transmission of LA-MRSA in horses, risk factors for spreading LA-MRSA in horses, public health impact, treatment of LA-MRSA infection in horses, and control of the spread of LA-MRSA in horses.
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURAL MONUMENT “MERCHANT’S MANSION” IN BARNAUL, WHICH WAS SIGNIFICANTLY RECONSTRUCTED DURING OPERATING
Authors:   Altai Regional Local History Non-Government Organization “Altai Heritage”, M. TSELISHCHEVA
Published: August 2022

Relying on the firstly used archival materials from the State Archive of the Altai Krai, in this article the author considers the history and modern use of an object of cultural heritage. Damaged in a fire on May 2, 1917, the building was rebuilt in 1939 and acquired the features of a public building using forms of monumental Soviet classicism. During its existence, the building belonged to different people. In 1962, the existing building was reconstructed and annexed. In 1995, scientific and design documentation was completed: comprehensive scientific surveys of the facility, an engineering survey of the interior. In 2001, another extension to the building was made. Despite a significant change in appearance, when placed on state protection, it was designated as “Merchant Mansion”.
SOME RESULTS OF THE STATE SUPERVISION MEASURES AT THE OBJECTS OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL HERITAGE OF THE ALTAI TERRITORY IN 2021 (RUSSIA)
Authors:   The Department of State Protection of the Cultural Heritage of the Altai Region, R. BELOUSOV
Published: August 2022

The publication presents the results of the work of the Sector of Archaeology of the Department of State Supervision of the Department of State Protection of the Objects of Cultural Heritage of the Altai Territory, created in 2019. The most important activities of the staff of the Archaeology Sector are the systematic monitoring of archaeological heritage sites, the identification of damage as a result of illegal and non-coordinated archaeological work, as well as the implementation of measures to preserve and protect archaeological sites. The article highlights the work in a number of regions of the Altai Territory in the legal and practical sphere of the protection of cultural heritage sites for 2021 at various archaeological sites: mounds and archaeological settlements. During these events, archaeological structures were recorded: mounds, ditches and ramparts. These observations supplement the available scientific data on a number of archaeological sites and allow us to raise the issue of identifying a new archaeological microdistrict in the Kamensky Ob region, located on the islands of the Ob river. Obi.
THE WORK OF THE ARCHAEOLOGY SECTOR OF THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE PROTECTION OF THE CULTURAL HERITAGE OF THE ALTAI REGION IN 2021 (RUSSIA)
Authors:   The Department of State Protection of the Cultural Heritage of the Altai Region, R. BELOUSOV , S. ZAPRUDSKY ,   The Department of State Protection of the Cultural Heritage of the Altai Region, A. LEONOV ,   The Department of State Protection of the Cultural Heritage of the Altai Region, G. MILYAEV ,   The Department of State Protection of the Cultural Heritage of the Altai Region, K. RYABTSEVA ,   The Department of State Protection of the Cultural Heritage of the Altai Region
Published: August 2022

The article presents the main results of the work of the Sector of Archaeology of the Department of State Supervision of the Department of State Protection of Cultural Heritage of the Altai Territory, created in 2019. The most important areas of activity of the Sector of Archaeology within the framework of the transferred federal powers are: systematic observation of archaeological heritage sites, identification of damage as a result of illegal and uncoordinated archaeological work, as well as taking measures to preserve and protect archaeological sites. As a result of this activity, an external visual inspection and photographic recording of 526 archaeological heritage sites were carried out. Several facts of damage to archaeological heritage sites as a result of illegal archaeological and non-coordinated earthworks have also been established. The article highlights the work of the staff of the Archaeology Sector in the legal and practical sphere of the protection of cultural heritage sites in 2021
SCULPTOR ALEXEY IVANOVICH ZHNEVSKY
Authors:   Altai State University, G. IVANOV
Published: August 2022

The article presents the information about the life and work of the amateur sculptor Alexey Ivanovich Zhnevsky. Not having received a good professional education, he self-taught the secrets of skill and created several significant memorial works dedicated to perpetuating the memory of soldiers who died during the Great Patriotic War or who performed outstanding feats of arms during the war. The memorial value of the sculptor’s works is underlined and examples of their use in preserving the succession of generations and the memory of the heroic deeds of the people are given. The cultural and educational potential of the monuments is revealed and the forms of work with them that arouse vivid interest among young people are characterized. The conclusion is made that Alexey Zhnevskiy made a considerable contribution to the development of amateur art creativity in the region and can serve as an example of selfless service to the art.
REGULATION OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL ACTIVITY IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   A.Kh. Margulan Archaeology Institute, R. MUSSAYEVA
Published: August 2022

The article deals with issues of regulation of archaeological activity in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The Ministry of Culture and Sports of the Republic of Kazakhstan regulates the preservation of archaeological sites, as well as the organization of archaeological, expert and advisory work. The study of sites is carried out by employees of subordinate organizations of both the Ministry of Culture and Sports and the Ministry of Education and Science. Disunity and methodological issues that have not been worked out between the two departments cause damage to the preservation and study of archaeological sites. An analysis of two laws and six by-laws revealed the existing problems, and some ways have been proposed to solve this issue.
THE BUILDING OF TEACHERS’ INSTITUTE IN BARNAUL - HISTORY AND MODERN USE
Authors:   Altai Regional Local History Non-Government Organization “Altai Heritage”, M. TSELISHCHEVA
Published: August 2022

Relying on the archival documents in the state archives of Moscow, Novosibirsk, Barnaul and other sources, the author in this article tells about the history of the building from the moment of construction to the present, which was specially built in 1939 for the Barnaul Teachers’ Institute. During the Great Patriotic War, the building housed a military hospital for the wounded on the fronts of the war, later it housed teachers’ and pedagogical institutes. In 1994, the building was put under state protection as a historical monument associated with the events of the Great Patriotic War. Currently. At present the building is occupied by the Linguistic Institute of the Barnaul State Pedagogical University.
PETROGLYPH WITH SYMMETRICAL SPIRALS IN THE AREA OF CHUI-OOZI
Authors:   Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies, E. GIENKO , S. Parshikov ,   NP «Ecological Center for the Rational Development of Natural Resources»
Published: August 2022

The article describes a compact petroglyph with symmetrical spirals (10 cm), discovered by E.P. Matochkin in 2012 near the confluence of the Katun and Chuya rivers (Kalbak-Tash-I and II). The petroglyph is a palimpsest in which horns in the form of symmetrical spirals are added to the original image of a hoofed animal. The different timing and technique of the drawings are noted. The parallels with the symbolism of the symmetrical spiralsin the bronze ornaments of the Andronovo culture are made. The high accuracy of the location of the symmetry axis of the drawing in the meridian (0.14 degrees) is demonstrated, which confirms the importance of the northern direction in ancient mythological representations. It is proposed to determine the orientation of petroglyphs and rock planes with drawings by fixing the moment of photographing a shadow and light picture.
STRATIGRTAPHY OF THE NIZHNYAYA SOORU SETTLEMENT (CENTRAL ALTAI)
Authors:   Altai State University, S. Grushin , T. HERMES ,   Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, A. Tishkin ,   Altai State University
Published: August 2022

In 2021, the expedition of the Altai State University together with the staff of the Max Planck Institute of Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig (Germany) and with the participation of the A.V. Anokhin National Museum of the Altai Republic excavated the settlement of Nizhnyaya Sooru, located in Central Altai. Analysis of the stratigraphy of sediments recorded at the studied site revealed three well-stratified cultural horizons alternating with sterile, as a rule, alluvial deposits. The earliest complex belongs to the Afanasyevo time. A small cultural layer found on the site is probably associated with the Bronze Age. The latest complex tentatively can be dated to the early Iron Age.
RITUAL PITS AT THE PODGORNOYE-1 FUNERAL AND MEMORIAL COMPLEX
Authors:   Kuzbass State Technical University Named after T.F. Gorbachev, A. ILYUSHIN , M. SULEYMENOV ,   Kuzbass State Technical University Named after T.F. Gorbachev
Published: August 2022

The article describes the history of archaeological research at the Podgornoye-1 funeral and memorial complex in the Leninsk-Kuznetsk municipal district of the Kemerovo region. The fact of changing the perception of the archaeological site as new archaeological sources accumulate is recorded. The results of excavations on the site of ritual pit №5 are described. Stratigraphy of cultural layers and complexes of archaeological objects (ceramic utensils, bone, stone and iron products) are studied. The excavation materials of the two horizons date from the developed Middle Ages and new times. The hypothesis is stated about the use of a ground pit for ritual purposes in various historical eras.
S.V. KISELEV’S STUDY OF CERAMIC DISHES FOUND IN THE MOUNDS OF THE PAZYRYK CULTURE
Authors:   Altai State University, J. Mu
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of S.V. Kiselev’s works, which present information about the ceramic dishes of the Pazyryk culture. The selected works are divided into two groups according to their content. In the first part of this article, there is a list of vessels that were found during excavations carried out by S.V. Kiselev in the 1930s in the Altai mounds of the Scythian-Saka period. In the second part of this article, there is a summary of Kiselyov’s views on the study of the “Pazyryk epoch” ceramic dishes. Thanks to his work, the found ceramic items entered scientific circulation and were properly analyzed. S.V. Kiselev also studied pottery found on the Forest-Steppe Altai territory. It is worth noting that even though S.V. Kiselyov did not study ceramic dishes of the Pazyryk culture, he expressed a number of ideas when considering it.
BIRCHBARK SCABBARD FROM BURIAL NO. 37 OF THE MEDIEVAL BURIAL GROUND MAYATCHNY BUGOR-1 IN THE ASTRAKHAN REGION
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, S. PILIPENKO , S. KOTENKOV ,   Institute of Oceanology. P.P. Shirshov RAS, M. KVITNITSKY ,   Pridnestrovian State University named T.G. Shevchenko
Published: August 2022

For the first time, information about the design features of the scabbard of an iron dagger from burial No. 37 of the soil burial ground Mayachny Bugor-1 is introduced into scientific circulation. The dagger comes from the burial of a medieval nomad with a stuffed horse. The rich inventory of the burial is quite traditional (a wooden saddle, the base of a birch bark quiver, a bow, a scabbard and a stack). However, the burial is of interest due to its unique degree of preservation. One of these, without exaggeration, a rare item for the Caspian steppes is a dagger in a birch bark sheath. In the area from the Danube to the Southern Urals, only two analogies are known from the territory of Ukraine and the North Caucasus, so the study of each new find with a birch bark sheath increases the informative level in this type of finds.
THE CHUISKY TRACT AS AN OPEN AIR GEOLOGICAL MUSEUM
Authors:   National Library named after M.V. Chevalkov, L. MUKAEVA
Published: August 2022

The article explores the potential of the Chuisky Tract as an open-air geological museum, the exhibits of which are landscape plots, geological sections, deposits and manifestations of various minerals, fossils, caves. The study contains a description of the geological structure of the surroundings of the Chuysky Tract and the most important geological objects identified along the highway line, which are currently natural monuments of federal and local significance, which can be used to develop new tourist routes along the Chuysky Tract in the context of preserving the natural heritage of the Altai Republic, which will expand the opportunities for the development of domestic tourism in the region.
METHODOLOGY FOR ORGANIZING EXCURSION WORK IN THE CONDITIONS OF A LIMITED EXPOSITION SPACE (BASED ON THE EXPERIENCE OF THE ALTAI STATE MUSEUM OF REGIONAL STUDIES)
Authors:   Altai State Regional Studies Museum, E. Tverdikova
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to a review of theoretical and practical developments of excursion work in a limited exhibition space. Such situation may develop due to various conditions - starting from an accident (fire, utility accident) and ending with the limitation of the exhibition space due to renovation or reconstruction. For the aim of implementation of demonstration museum work in such conditions, the military-historical department of the Altai State Museum of Regional Studies has developed and implemented several methods that already exist in museological practice. First of all, it is a combination of lecture, multimedia and interactive activities, involving the active participation of organized groups of visitors. Organization of small temporary exhibitions dedicated to the milestone events of military history and their inclusion in the organized complex exposition activities are of great importance. The developed thematic methods and techniques can successfully help overcome temporary difficulties in the work of the museum.
Panorama da Inclusão dos conceitos de Química Verde nas Licenciaturas em Química dos Institutos Federais
Authors: De Souza Gomes Lucas , Régis de Andrade Júlia , Alves Leal Ana Beatriz , Nunes Renata Cristina
Published: August 2022

A Química Verde (QV) surgiu na década de 90 com a proposta de repensar os processos químicos industriais para reduzir a poluição em sua origem. A formação de profissionais de Química, incluindo professores, deve incluir a QV. Este artigo tem como objetivo fornecer uma visão geral da inclusão de conceitos relacionados à QV nas Licenciaturas em Química oferecidas pelos Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia. Observou-se que, entre 70 cursos analisados, 62 oferecem a Química Ambiental como disciplina obrigatória, enquanto a QV surge como disciplina opcional em um dos cursos e como tópico em outras disciplinas em 15 deles. Através desses resultados fica evidenciado que a inserção da QV ainda é incipiente nesses cursos, apesar de sua significância crescente nos dias atuais.
Descrição da cobertura vacinal do HPV na região Sul do Brasil
Authors: Ferreira Floriano Laufercem , Fontenele Raquel Malta
Published: August 2022

O objetivo do estudo foi descrever a cobertura vacinal de doses aplicadas da vacina contra o HPV em população de 11 a 14 anos de idade na Região Sul do Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, decritivo. A coleta foi realizada foi realizada a partir dos sistemas SI-PNI e DataSus, nos anos de 2013 a 2019, nas unidades federativas do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Paraná (PR) e Santa Catarina (SC). Foram notificados 2.165,989 indivíduos, de ambos os sexos, como vacinados, com os seguintes resultados: RS precisa avaliar suas estratégias de campanha de vacinação para maior abrangência e cobertura vacinal na faixa etária estudada; SC atingiu a cobertura em algumas idades, mas precisa avaliá-la em outras; PR precisa atentar-se para a vacinação dos meninos, principalmente, quanto à segunda dose da vacina. Apesar do enorme benefício da vacina, percebe-se que ainda há muita resistência para a vacinação dos adolescentes. Portanto, o estudo evidencia a necessidade de ampliação da cobertura vacinal no Brasil e melhor atuação da relação da Atenção Básica com a comunidade escolar, público alvo desta campanha.
FORECASTING AND MANAGING THE MICROGRID COMMUNITY USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Irkutsk, Russia, Stashkevich E.V. , Aizenberg N.I. ,   Melentiev Energy Systems Institute of SB RAS, Irkutsk, Russia, Ilyukhin I.G.
Published: August 2022

A characteristic feature of the modern electric power industry in recent decades is the sharp increase in electricity consumption. This can be explained by technological, social, economic, and other reasons. Therefore, the forecasting of electricity consumption is important for many processes, including the planned operation of genera¬ting equipment and managing and optimizing the operating modes of energy systems. It is also a significant aspect in the opera-tion of industrial enterprises, since breaches can result in fines. One of the urgent tasks in the electricity market today is the forecasting of electricity consumption for a certain period. The article presents a description of a microgrid model with a built-in block for predicting power consumption, as well as intelligent load control for several objects at the same time, including those with distributed generation. Decisions are made the previous day, in order to forme stra¬tegies or the generation profile and control of power receivers. This timing is dictated by the information available to the intelli-gent system. This information includes forecast of demand and electricity prices of the centralized energy system for every hour of the next day. The process of switching at peak time to additional sources of electricity, distribution over microgrids is also described. The forecast was implemented using the Holt-Winters model from the statsmodels library (Python 3). The model uses the ideas of exponential smoothing, but is more complex and can be applied to series containing trend and seasonality. The trained model predicts with 95.21% accuracy.
Growth Inhibition of Rhizoctonia solani and Its Infection Inhibition on the Rice Seedling by Rice Endophytic Bacteria
Authors: Widiantini Fitri , Yulia Endah , Fiko Dinda Sekar
Published: August 2022

Rhizoctonia solani merupakan salah satu patogen penting pada tanaman padi yang dapat menyebabkan hawar pada benih, daun, dan pelepah daun. Penyakit hawar pelepah ini menjadi masalah yang cukup serius di berbagai negara penanam padi, termasuk Indonesia. Pengendalian yang mengandalkan penggunaan pestisida sintetis dan varietas tahan sering kali menimbulkan permasalahan baru baik pencemaran lingkungan maupun munculnya populasi patogen resisten sehingga masih diperlukan pengendalian yang lebih aman dan ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini melaporkan potensi bakteri endofit asal tanaman padi sehat dalam menghambat pertumbuhan R. solani secara in vitro dan kemampunnya dalam menekan infeksi R. solani pada perkecambahan padi. Percobaan menggunakan metode kultur ganda antara galur-galur bakteri endofit dan R. solani. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap pertumbuhan koloni R. solani dan pertumbuhan miselium secara mikroskopis. Pengujian dilanjutkan dengan memperlakukan benih padi menggunakan bakteri endofit. Benih padi yang telah dilapisi dengan bakteri endofit kemudian ditumbuhkan pada medium agar-agar dekstrosa kentang yang telah ditumbuhi R. solani. Tingkat gangguan penyakit hawar pada benih menunjukkan bahwa hampir semua galur bakteri yang diuji dapat menghambat pertumbuhan koloni R. solani dan juga menyebabkan malformasi pada miseliumnya. Aplikasi bakteri endofit pada benih padi juga secara nyata menurunkan tingkat infeksi R. solani pada benih padi. Di antara bakteri yang diuji, OS7 berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai agens pengendali hayati hawar pelepah yang disebabkan oleh R. solani. Penelitian dalam skala rumah kaca dan skala lapangan perlu dilakukan lebih lanjut.
Numerical Investigation of a New Modified Savonius Wind Turbines
Authors: Mrigua Khalid , Zemamou Mounia , Aggour Mohammed
Published: August 2022

The classic Savonius semi-circular blade turbine has a relatively low power coefficient.The performance of a Savonius wind turbine depends on its geometrical parameters. Various blade profiles have been developed in the past years to improve the performance of this class of turbine. In this paper, a new blade shapes of Savonius wind turbine is investigated numerically by using the CFD method , by using transient conditions and set k omega turbulence model.The new blade has different concave and convex shape, which is a combination of the conventional and the elliptical blade. A comparative study of three blade profiles, semi-circular, elliptical and the composed blades have been performed.Flow structures around the rotor have also been analyzed. The results show that changing the blade shape has an effect on the performance efficiency of the Savonius turbine.The new modified and the elliptical blade exhibit higher performance compared to the conventional Savonius wind turbine. The new modified Savonius blade and the elliptical blade exhibit an improved performance compared to the conventional model in the order of 20.5% and 18.2% respectively at the tip speed ratio of 0.8.
A contrastive ecological discourse analysis of the General Debate statements by the US and China at the United Nations General Assembly (2017–2020)
Authors: Ma Chen , He Wei
Published: August 2022

This article adopts an ecolinguistic approach to study the thematic choices in the General Debate statements by the US and China at the United Nations General Assembly (2017–2020) to reveal the eco-characteristics of the two countries’ thematic choices and their impacts on the constructions of international relations. Findings suggest that, from the perspective of ecosophy, a significant proportion of the US’s thematic choices are destructive to international relations, while China’s thematic choices are mostly beneficial and ambivalent. The US’s thematic choices are frequently used to portray “us versus them” and “America first”, which displays a message of egocentrism instead of ecocentrism. China’s thematic choices are typically used to show China’s willingness to undertake global responsibility and to jointly work with other stakeholders to safeguard our planet, echoing China’s global vision of “building a shared future for mankind”.
Molecular mechanisms defining penetrance ofLRRK2-associated Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Trinh Joanne , Schymanski Emma L. , Smajic Semra , Kasten Meike , Sammler Esther , Grünewald Anne
Published: August 2022

Mutations inLeucine-rich repeat kinase 2(LRRK2) are the most frequent cause of dominantly inherited Parkinson’s disease (PD).LRRK2mutations, among which p.G2019S is the most frequent, are inherited with reduced penetrance. Interestingly, the disease risk associated withLRRK2G2019S can vary dramatically depending on the ethnic background of the carrier. While this would suggest a genetic component in the definition ofLRRK2-PD penetrance, only few variants have been shown to modify the age at onset of patients harbouringLRRK2mutations, and the exact cellular pathways controlling the transition from a healthy to a diseased state currently remain elusive. In light of this knowledge gap, recent studies also explored environmental and lifestyle factors as potential modifiers ofLRRK2-PD. In this article, we (i) describe the clinical characteristics ofLRRK2mutation carriers, (ii) review known genes linked toLRRK2-PD onset and (iii) summarize the cellular functions ofLRRK2with particular emphasis on potential penetrance-related molecular mechanisms. This section coversLRRK2’s involvement in Rab GTPase and immune signalling as well as in the regulation of mitochondrial homeostasis and dynamics. Additionally, we explored the literature with regard to (iv) lifestyle and (v) environmental factors that may influence the penetrance ofLRRK2mutations, with a view towards further exposomics studies. Finally, based on this comprehensive overview, we propose potential futurein vivo,in vitroandin silicostudies that could provide a better understanding of the processes triggering PD in individuals withLRRK2mutations.
Educating culturally and linguistically diverse students with disabilities in inclusive settings: beyond debates
Authors: Obiakor Festus E. , Aluka Innocent J. , Obiakor Gina Chioma , Obi Sunday O.
Published: August 2022

Inclusive and equitable education is the ultimate tool to develop students, communities, and the general society. And, special education is an added tool to help atypical and vulnerable students to be productive citizens in a thriving society. Ceteris paribus, for many culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) students with disabilities, being educated in an inclusive environment should be the ideal policy. However, it is not! Inclusion has continued to be debatable, challenged, and controversial, making this ideal goal implausible and unrealistic. Coupled with their disabilities, CLD students experience the loaded problems of discrimination, racism, and xenophobia in the multidimensional forms of misidentification, misassessment, mislabeling/miscategorization, misplacement, and misinstruction. These multiple problems make it easy for general and special education professionals and service providers to (a) view placement as instruction, (b) focus on unidimensional and narrow confines, and (b) intentionally, unintentionally, or inaccurately judge CLD students’ capabilities and willingness to maximize their fullest potential. The question then is, since the goal is to increase “normalcy” in the lives of CLD students with disabilities, is it not important to equitably educate them with their “normal” peers in inclusive settings? This article responds to this question.
Label-free optical biosensors in the pandemic era
Authors: Nava Giovanni , Zanchetta Giuliano , Giavazzi Fabio , Buscaglia Marco
Published: August 2022

The research in the field of optical biosensors is continuously expanding, thanks both to the introduction of brand new technologies and the ingenious use of established methods. A new awareness on the potential societal impact of this research has arisen as a consequence of the Covid-19 pandemic. The availability of a new generation of analytical tools enabling a more accurate understanding of bio-molecular processes or the development of distributed diagnostic devices with improved performance is now in greater demand and more clearly envisioned, but not yet achieved. In this review, we focus on emerging innovation opportunities conveyed by label-free optical biosensors. We review the most recent innovations in label-free optical biosensor technology in consideration of their competitive potential in selected application areas. The operational simplicity implicit to label-free detection can be exploited in novel rapid and compact devices for distributed diagnostic applications. The adaptability to any molecular recognition or conformational process facilitates the integration of DNA nanostructures carrying novel functions. The high sensitivity to nanoscale objects stimulates the development of ultrasensitive systems down to digital detection of single molecular binding events enhanced by nanoparticles and direct enumeration of bio-nanoparticles like viruses.
Crystal structure of bis(μ2-2-oxido-2-phenylacetato-κ3
O,O′:O′)-bis(N-oxido-benzamide-κ2
O,O′)-bis(propan-2-olato-κ1
O)dititanium(IV), C36H38N2O12Ti2
Authors: Youzhu Yu , Hui Wang , Leilei Li , Yuhua Guo , Jing Feng , Yichao Li
Published: August 2022

C36H38N2O12Ti2, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 10.3151(7) Å, b = 15.8747(11) Å, c = 11.5020(8) Å, β = 98.471(3)°, V = 1862.9(2) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0386, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1075, T = 296(2) K.
Electron density of the 1:2 complex of valinomycin with calcium triflate observed in crystals of the composition (valinomycin)Ca2(OTf)4(THF)5(H2O)4
Authors: Luger Peter , Dittrich Birger
Published: August 2022

The electron density of a 1:2 complex of valinomycin with calcium triflate consisting of 10 substructures and a total of 279 atoms was examined using the invariom formalism. In addition to geometric properties, sites and strengths of hydrogen bonds were identified from bond topological properties and from electron density concentrations mapped onto Hirshfeld surfaces. In contrast to free valinomycin and corresponding complexes with potassium the hydrogen bonds are all intermolecular and evenly distributed over the complex. A series of electrostatic potential (ESP) surfaces show the mutual influence in the ensemble of this high Z′ structure.
Big Data Based Optimization of Rural Ecotourism Industry Structure for a Smart City
Authors: Huang Kui
Published: August 2022

In order to improve the economic level of farmers and upgrade the structure of the rural tourism industry, the internet is used to optimize the structure of the rural ecotourism industry under big data. Tourism information resources are integrated from travel agency data, tour guide data, scenic area data, and hotel data. Based on the integrated data, the optimizing and upgrading idea of the rural ecotourism industry structure was proposed: build a public service platform for rural smart tourism to gather the rural development elements, change the form of the rural tourism market structure development, and establish a coconstructed and shared rural tourism development model. Based on the basic development ideas, developing new business forms, reconstructing the rural tourism industry chain, and analyzing the specific development path of experiential tourism product are necessary. It can be seen from the experiment that the tourism industrial structure optimization is conducive to promoting the development of urbanization and is also of great significance to the improvement of the farmer economic level.
Literature as one of the fascinating lessons for junior high school students
Authors: Mulia Zikril , Hibatullah Izzuddin , Damanik Emeliya Sukma Dara
Published: August 2022

Literature is written work, especially those considered superior or lasting artistic merit. Literature is one of the important things in the world and life. An assist contention against teaching literature was that modern innovation and social hones within the tall in West had rendered—or were on the point of rendering—reading and composing pitifully obsolete. This research aims to explore the students' understanding of English literature according to the expert and one their knowledge and the necessary type of literature as well. Further, by implementing a descriptive qualitative method design which was aimed to give an original view of variable, indication, or condition. The college student also defined that literature as a guide. And some junior high school student said that literature is an artwork in the form of written phrases that contains the spirit, sighing, etc. They honestly claimed that learning English literature made them increase their knowledge about English literature which was amazing. To solve the challenges, the college students recalled their moments and experience when learning literature at junior high school and argued about English literature that was so boring and wasted time. Further research can be done to explore the perception of English literature in junior high school from junior high school students and the college student's point of view.
SISTEM POIN DALAM MENINGKATKAN KARAKTER DISIPLIN DAN KEMANDIRIAN SISWA ERA GENERASI Z
Authors: UTAMI PUJI SIWI
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peran sistem poin dalam meningkatkan karakter disiplin dan kemandirian siswa di era Generasi Z. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru kelas dan siswa kelas IV SDN Tambakaji 2. Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan observasi partisipan, wawancara tidak terstruktur, angket, serta dokumentasi. Hasilnya melalui sistem poin siswa lebih disiplin untuk mematuhi tata tertib di kelas. Kemandirian siswa juga mulai tampak melalui penerapan sistem poin, yakni pada aspek berani mengemukakan pendapat, menyelesaikan tugas atau soal tanpa bantuan teman, mengerjakan soal diskusi dengan sungguh-sungguh, berani bertanya ketika menemukan kesulitan dalam mengerjakan soal tes, tidak mudah mengeluh, dan bertanggung jawab.  Simpulan yang diperoleh yaitu: 1) Sistem poin merupakan bentuk pengaplikasian dari sistem reward and punishment yang terintegrasi dengan tata tertib kelas. (2) Pemberian poin pelanggaran secara perlahan dapat meningkatkan karakter disiplin siswa. (3) Dalam membentuk kemandirian siswa, sistem poin yang paling berperan adalah poin penghargaan. (4) Faktor penunjang sistem poin dalam meningkatkan karakter disiplin dan kemandirian di era Gen Z adalah adanya kebijakan yang dibuat oleh guru dan siswa tentang batasan poin pelanggaran.

This research aimed to describe the role of points system in improving discipline character and the self reliance of students in the Era of Z Generation. The type of this research was descriptive qualitative approach. Subjects of this research was the teacher and students in four grade of Tambakaji 2 Elementary School. Data collection technique used, participant observation, questionnaire, field note, and documentation. The results showed that points system the students were more discipline to be obedient to the class rules. The Students showed their self reliance through point system. They had venture to explain their argument, did assignment without their friendâ€™s help, did their discussion topic with seriously was brave to ask something when they didnâ€™t understand about questions of the test,and had the responsibility. The conclusion of the research were (1) points system was a type of apply the reward and punishment system, (2) the violation point could increase the discipline character of students with slowly, (3) to form the studentâ€™s self reliance, the reward point was more influence, (4) the supported factors of points system to improve discipline character and self reliance of students in the era of Z generation was the code of conduct which made by the teacher and students about the boundary of violation point.
Pengembangan Media Interaktif Flipbook Berbasis Adobe Animate CC Muatan Pelajaran IPA
Authors: Ulfiya Firda
Published: August 2022

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran, menguji kelayakan dan keefektifan media interaktif flipbook berbasis adobe animate cc pada materi gaya dan gerak kelas IVB SDN Mranggen 4. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini Research and Development (R&D). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan media interaktif flipbook berbasis adobe animate cc dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran berdasarkan penilaian ahli materi didapatkan persentase 75% kategori layak dan ahli media 78,12% kategori sangat layak.  Hasil belajar pretest dan posttest dihitung menggunakan N-Gain mengalami peningkatan sebesar 0,4520 dengan kategori sedang. Berdasarkan uji hipotesis dengan uji t-test, pada output paired sample test dengan excel diperoleh thitung (12,937) > ttabel (2,045) maka Ho ditolak, maka sesuai dasar pengambilan keputusan dalam uji paired sample test dapat disimpulkan bahwa Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima, yang artinya terdapat perbedaan secara signifikan antara hasil belajar IPA materi gaya dan gerak sebelum dan sesudah menggunakan media interaktif flipbook berbasis adobe animate cc

 

Abstract

This study aimed to develop instructional media, test the viability and effectiveness of adobe animate cc based interactive flipbook media on the force and motion topic for the 4th students at Mranggen 4 Elementary School. The method used Research and Development (R&D). The results showed that interactive media of adobe animate cc based flipbooks can be used in learning based on the content expert's assessment with a percentage of 75% in the viable category and 78,12% by media expert in the very viable category. The pretest and posttest learning outcomes calculated using N-Gain increased by 0,4520 in the moderate category. Based on the hypothesis test with the t-test, the output paired sample test with excel obtained tcount (12,937) > ttable (2,045) so Ho was rejected, so according to the basis of decision making in the paired sample test it can be concluded that Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted, which means that there was a significant difference between the learning outcomes in natural science subject of force and motion before and after using the flipbook interactive media based on adobe animate cc.
HUBUNGAN METACOGNITIVE AWARENESS DAN SELF EFFICACY TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA
Authors: Sari Enie Vita
Published: August 2022

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji hubungan metacognitive awareness dan self efficacy terhadap hasil belajar Matematika siswa kelas IV SDN Gugus Cakra Kota Semarang. Penelitian ini ialah penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian korelasi. Populasi penelitian ini berjumlah 288 siswa. Pengambilan sampel dengan cluster sampling diperoleh 167 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian ini ialah angket. Teknik analisis data dengan statistika deskriptif dan analisis korelasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan positif dan signifikan antara metacognitive awareness dan self efficacy terhadap hasil belajar Matematika. Persentase korelasinya adalah 73,96%. Nilai koefisien rhitung menunjukkan 0,860 dan nilai signifikansi menunjukkan 0,05. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara metacognitive awareness dan self efficacy terhadap hasil belajar Matematika siswa kelas IV SD Negeri Gugus Cakra Kota Semarang.

This research aimed to examine the correlation between metacognitive awareness and self efficacy to the Mathematics learning outcomes of 4th grade students in elementary school Cluster Cakra Semarang. This research used a quantitative study with the type of correlation research. The population of this study amounted to 288 students. Sampling with cluster sampling obtained 167 students. The data collection technique used questionnaire. The data analysis techniques used descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. The results showed positive and significant relationship between metacognitive awareness and self efficacy towards Mathematics learning outcomes. The percentage of correlation was 73.96%. The r coefesient value showed 0.860 and the significance value showed 0.05. In conclusion, there was a positive and significant correlation between metacognitive awareness and self efficacy to the learning outcomes Mathematics learning outcomes of 4th grade students in elementary school Cluster Cakra Semarang.
HUBUNGAN POLA ASUH ORANG TUA DAN MINAT BELAJAR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR IPS
Authors: Sanah Avieta Qomarus
Published: August 2022

Abstrak

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) menguji hubungan pola asuh orang tua terhadap hasil belajar IPS; (2) menguji hubungan minat belajar terhadap hasil belajar IPS; (3) menguji hubungan pola asuh orang tua dan minat belajar secara bersama-sama terhadap hasil belajar IPS. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian korelasi dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sampel penelitian menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh yang berjumlah 130 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, angket, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif dan analisis product moment. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) terdapat hubungan positif pola asuh orang tua terhadap hasil belajar IPS, interpretasi keeratan korelasi menunjukkan kategori cukup yaitu sebesar 41,5%; (2) terdapat hubungan yang positif minat belajar terhadap hasil belajar IPS, interpretasi keeratan korelasi menunjukkan kategori sangat kuat yaitu sebesar 81,8%; (3) terdapat hubungan pola asuh orang tua dan minat belajar secara bersama-sama terhadap hasil belajar IPS, interpretasi keeratan korelasi menunjukkan hubungan yang sangat kuat yaitu sebesar 88,8%. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang positif antara pola asuh orang tua dan minat belajar terhadap hasil belajar IPS siswa kelas IV SDN Gugus Kartini Kecamatan Gubug Kabupaten,Grobogan.

This study was aimed to (1) examine the correlation between parenting style and social studies learning outcomes; (2) examine the correlation between interest and social studies learning outcomes; (3) examine the correlation between parenting style and learning outcomes of social studies interest. This study used a correlation research design with a quantitative approach. This research used a saturated sampling technique of 130 students. The data collection technique used observation, interviews, questionaires and documents. The data collected was then analized using the descriptive stastistical and product moment analysis. The results showed that: (1) there was a positive correlation between parenting style and social studies learning outcomes, the interpretation of the closeness of the correlation showed that the category was sufficient at 41.5%; (2) there was a positive correlation between interest and  social studies learning outcomes, the interpretation of the closeness of the correlation showed a very strong category that was equal to 81.8%; (3) there was a correlation between parenting style and learning outcomes of social studies interest, the interpretation of the closeness of the correlation showed a very strong correlation that was equal to 88.8%. From the results of the study it could be concluded that there was a positive correlation between parenting patterns and learning outcomes of social studies interest of Elementary Schools of Kartini Cluster Fourth Grade Sub-District of Gubug, Grobogan Regency.