bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Radioterapia para câncer de mama: uma análise da técnica de arcoterapia volumétrica híbrida
Authors: Prandi Tatiane Mayla Domingos , Zaias Herofen , Silva Charlene  da , Müller Juliana dos Santos , Dorow Patrícia Fernanda
Published: July 2024

Introdução: A radioterapia é uma das estratégias de tratamento para a neoplasia de mama. Com o avanço das modalidades de tratamentos na radioterapia, como a radioterapia de intensidade modulada (IMRT) e a arcoterapia volumétrica modulada (VMAT), tornou-se possível entregar doses de radiação diminuindo as margens de tratamento e melhorando a conformação da radiação ao volume-alvo. Objetivo: Analisar quantitativamente uma técnica híbrida de radioterapia para tratamento de câncer de mama que combina a tecnologia da VMAT com a modalidade convencional de radioterapia conformacional tridimensional (3D-CRT), sendo denominada arcoterapia volumétrica híbrida (H-VMAT). Método: Para elaboração do plano, adquiriram-se imagens tomográficas de um objeto simulador antropomórfico. Foram elaborados cinco planos híbridos de tratamento: H-VMAT 90% 3D-CRT e 10% VMAT; H-VMAT 80% 3D-CRT e 20% VMAT; H-VMAT 70% 3D-CRT e 30% VMAT; H-VMAT 60% 3D-CRT e 40% VMAT; e H-VMAT 50% 3D-CRT e 50% VMAT. Resultados: O plano híbrido com melhores resultados dosimétricos foi o H-VMAT 80% 3D-CRT e 20% VMAT por apresentar uma excelente cobertura do volume-alvo e doses nos órgãos de risco dentro dos limites, com destaque para a mama contralateral. Conclusão: As técnicas híbridas podem ser utilizadas para atender aos índices de conformidade e homogeneidade da dose no volume-alvo estabelecidos pelos protocolos internacionais e, ao mesmo tempo, para que haja redução de dose nos órgãos de risco.
Ectoparasitic invasion of cats
Authors: Kaliuzhnyi N. V. , Zhivilo A. V.
Published: July 2024

Ectoparasitic infestation of cats is widespread, with ticks and fleas being particularly prevalent. The symptom complex of parasitic infestation is characterized by itching, localized dermatitis, and allergic reactions. Ticks of the Psoroptidae family cause otodectosis, which is caused by Otodectes spp., a superficial mite that lives in the external ear and sometimes on the scalp of cats. The study aimed to perform a comprehensive survey of ectoparasitic infestation in cats with clinical signs of otitis to investigate the etiology and substantiate the treatment strategy. The study was conducted in the conditions of the “AIBOLYT” veterinary clinic in Poltava, Ukraine. It was established that 14 cases of otodectosis were registered in 2023, and 4 in 2024, most of the cases were registered in the autumn-winter period. The diagnosis was carried out considering epizootic data, clinical signs of the disease, and laboratory tests. The symptom complex of otodectosis in all cases was accompanied by otitis, characterized by general signs of altered behavior: anxiety, itching in the ear area (the skin shows signs of scratching, the animal shakes its head, local hyperemia, possible swelling of the auricle). All animals were subjected to examination of the wool coat and external ear, followed by microscopy of ear deposits. It was established that fleas were registered in cats with an average (up to 50 specimens) and a high degree of infestation (more than 50 specimens) of Otodectes spp. Otodectosis was complicated by ctenocephalous invasion, so the complex clinical signs included dermatitis. In the case of ctenocephalous infestation, itching with significant combing of the areas of parasitism was more frequently recorded. In the conditions of the veterinary clinic, the high therapeutic efficacy of the complex treatment scheme for otodectous and ctenocephalous invasion was proven. In ctenocephalosis, drugs with the active substance selamectin (Sela Fort, Stronghold) were used, the action is aimed at sexually mature individuals, eggs and larvae of Ctenocephalides spp., depending on the infestation degree, they were used for therapeutic purposes for 2–3 weeks. The active substance imidocloprid in combination with moxidectin has a complex effect on the ectoparasite, destroying the nervous and digestive systems, which ensures its death. Otodectic infestation was treated with otoflox drops, the active ingredient is ivermectin, it affects the nervous system of ticks and causes paralysis and death, used for 14 days. Symptomatic therapy drugs were used depending on the symptom complex of secondary signs. A comprehensive approach to the therapy of ectoparasitic invasion ensures that the host is freed from ectoparasitic invasion – the causative agents of ctenocephalosis and otodectosis, and, accordingly, the secondary symptoms: combing, dermatitis and swelling of the dermis in the affected areas are reduced. In the future, the owners were recommended to carry out planned preventive treatments.
Comparison of the effectiveness of iodine-containing veterinary drugs for post-partum endometritis in cows
Authors: Stetsko T. , Ostrovska L. , Kostyshyn Ye. , Katsaraba O. , Kostyshyn L.-M.
Published: July 2024

The introduction of yodine-based veterinary medicine into veterinary practice for treating postpartum endometritis in cows remains relevant. The study aimed to study the therapeutic effectiveness of yodine-containing drugs in treating acute endometritis of bacterial etiology in cows postpartum. As a result of the conducted research, it was established that the drugs Yodouter, Yodopovidone, Yodofoam, Yodozol have a high therapeutic efficiency in the treatment of cows suffering from postpartum purulent-catarrhal endometritis. In the experimental groups, 9 out of 10 cows (90 %) recovered in 6.7 ± 0.5 days. The period from calving to fertilization in cows in this group was 75.8 ± 6.74 days, with an insemination index of 1.5 ± 0.1. All clinical indicators of the blood of cows after treatment were within the physiological norm. The analysis of the effectiveness of the treatment of animals with endometritis in experimental groups showed that the use of intrauterine drugs based on yodine allowed for a reduction in the duration of infertility by 9–21 days and an increase in the fertility of cows by 12.5–20.0 % with a lower insemination index, compared to the control group. The obtained values of the morphological parameters of the blood of cows testified to the attenuation of the inflammatory process in the body of animals of both groups and the increase of the immune resistance of the body of animals after the use of the studied drugs. Considering the greater effectiveness of the treatment of cows with postpartum metritis in terms of the number of cows that recovered and the shorter period of recovery of the sexual cycle, it is advisable to introduce iodine-containing drugs for intrauterine use into the treatment regimen. The use of yodine preparations can serve as an effective alternative to intrauterine means based on antibiotics in the treatment of postpartum endometritis in cows.
Cicatricial digestion of calves under the action of probiotics
Authors: Farafonov S. Zh. , Mylostyva D. F. , Yaremko O. V.
Published: July 2024

The influence of probiotics Lactobacillus spp. and Bacillus Subtilis on the activity of cicatricial microorganisms in 30-day-old calves of the Volyn beef breed. Three (control and two experimental) groups of animals were formed, each with 8 heads. By drinking, the calves of the first experimental group received Bacillus Subtilis, II – Lactobacillus spp. The rumen content in experimental animals was studied using the fistula method. The research results showed that the mass of cicatricial bacteria and ciliates changed under the influence of probiotics in the experimental groups compared to the control group. There were also changes in the biochemical indicators of the rumen; in particular, the content of ammonia from bacteria and ciliates was likely to decrease (Р < 0.05), and the amount of volatile fatty acids was possible to increase (Р < 0.05). It has been established that probiotic supplements contribute to the accelerated formation of cicatricial microflora and its ability to break down fiber. For example, the probiotic Lactobacillus spp. has a more significant stimulating effect on forming LFA bacteria, and Bacillus Subtilis has a more significant stimulating effect on the LFA of infusoria. Ammonia formation of bacteria and ciliates was lowest under the action of Lactobacillus spp. Probiotics have a positive impact on nitrogen metabolism in the rumen, which contributes to a decrease in the concentration of lactic acid, stimulates the growth of anaerobic bacteria (cellulolytic, lactic acid, and proteolytic), increases digestive processes, and destroys intermediate products of metabolism. Under the action of probiotics, the content of cellulolytic microorganisms in the I and II experimental groups was 1.2 and 1.3 times higher; the number of lactic acid bacteria was 1.7 times higher in both I and II experimental groups, and the number of proteolytic bacteria is 1.5 and 1.3 times higher compared to the control group.
Impact of lipointersil and closaverm A on the antioxidant status of cows with fasciolosis
Authors: Gutyj B. V. , Kulyaba O. V. , Prijma O. B. , Sobolta A. G. , Padovskyi A. I. , Svarchevskyi O. A. , Tafiichuk R. I. , Martyshuk T. V. , Leskiv Kh. Ya. , Romanovych M. S. , Guta Z. A.
Published: July 2024

One of the most prevalent and dangerous helminth infections in large and small ruminants is fasciolosis, which causes significant economic losses in animal husbandry, including reduced milk and meat productivity, deterioration in product quality, and costs associated with treatment and prevention measures. According to the literature, various adverse factors, including fasciolosis, significantly enhance cell reactive oxygen species (ROS) reactions through oxidative stress mechanisms. The study aimed to investigate the impact of the liposomal antioxidants Lipointersil and Clozaverm A on the antioxidant status of cows with experimental fasciolosis. Fifteen 4–5-year-old Black-and-White dairy cows were selected and divided into three groups of five animals each. The cows in the control and experimental groups were experimentally infected with adolescariae. In the first experimental group, cows received intra-muscular injections of Clozaverm A at 0.5 ml per 10 kg of body weight after experimental fasciolosis induction. The second experimental group received the same dose of Clozaverm A along with Lipointersil at a dose of 6 ml per animal. Based on the research conducted, it was found that fasciolosis suppresses the activity of antioxidant defense enzymes in the host liver, evidenced by decreased catalase and superoxide dismutase activity and increased levels of lipid hydroperoxides and TBK-active products in their blood. The administration of Lipointersil and Clozaverm A to cows with experimental fasciolosis improved their antioxidant status. This was accompanied by a 46.7 % increase in superoxide dismutase activity (P < 0.001) and a 30.2% increase in catalase activity (P < 0.001) in their blood. Furthermore, there was a suppression of lipid peroxidation processes indicated by a 31.3 % decrease in lipid hydroperoxide levels (P < 0.001) and an 18.8 % decrease in TBC-active products (P < 0.001).
Study of the acute toxicity of 4-(3,4-dimethoxybenzylidene)amino)-5-(2-fluorophenyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol by in silico and in vivo methods
Authors: Martynyshyn V. P. , Semtsov V. M.
Published: July 2024

The process of creating new medicines includes many stages that make it possible to use them in veterinary practice in the future. These tests guarantee the effectiveness and safety of newly synthesized compounds. One of the most critical stages of preclinical studies is the establishment of acute toxicity. Thus, the results of this experiment indicate the possible presence of a toxic effect in new compounds, which affects the practicality of their future use. Among the various heterocyclic systems, 1,2,4-triazole derivatives occupy a leading place due to the whole spectrum of unique and precious properties. Derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole exhibit a broad spectrum of pharmacological activity, affecting various biochemical processes with minimal toxicity. Before conducting any preclinical studies of new potential drugs, experiments should be performed to determine the indicators of acute toxicity. Therefore, the work aimed to study the acute toxicity of 4-(3,4-dimethoxybenzylidene)amino)-5-(2-fluorophenyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol by in silico and in vivo methods. The LD50 for the test compound was found to be 1190 mg/kg when administered intragastrically. It was established that 4-(3,4-dimethoxybenzylidene)amino)-5-(2-fluorophenyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol according to the classification of K.K. Sidorov belongs to the IV class of toxicity. According to the computer forecast results, acute toxicity indicators were established with high values of cross-validation and correlation coefficients. This indicates a potential possibility of using the computer method of QSAR analysis in further research and development of new biologically active compounds.
The influence of “Butaselmevit” on the antioxidant status of the cows' organisms during the development of endotoxicosis
Authors: Gutyj B. V. , Goralskyi L. P. , Mylostyvyi R. V. , Sokulskyi I. M. , Stadnytska O. I. , Vus U. M. , Khariv I. I. , Martyshuk T. V. , Leskiv Kh. Ya. , Vozna O. Ye. , Adamiv S. S. , Petrychka V. V.
Published: July 2024

It is known that the occurrence of intoxication accompanies many diseases in pregnant animals. One of the causes of internal intoxication is inadequate feeding of pregnant cows. It is important to note that pregnant cows' feeding and maintenance conditions significantly affect their future offspring's health. Modern understanding of the mechanism of action of endotoxins on the body of pregnant cows is based on the leading role of the antioxidant system in it. The work aimed to study the effect of the liposomal preparation “Butaselmevit” on the antioxidant status of the cows' organisms during the development of endotoxicosis. The experiments were conducted on pregnant cows of the Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed. Two groups of animals were formed, with 5 pregnant cows in each: control and experimental. The cows in the control group (C) had characteristic clinical signs of endotoxicosis. The cows in the experimental group (E) were administered “Butaselmevit” at 10 ml per animal doses in the eighth and ninth months of gestation. Our studies showed that pregnant cows with clinical signs of endotoxicosis exhibited significant changes in the body's antioxidant defense system activity. The research results indicate that the activity of enzymes in the glutathione antioxidant defense system significantly decreases in the 8th and 9th months of gestation. The reduced activity of antioxidant enzymes is caused by the accumulation of lipid peroxidation (LPO) products that inhibit the activity of these enzymes. The use of “Butaselmevit” in cows during the development of endotoxicosis contributes to the suppression of lipid peroxidation processes, as indicated by the low levels of lipid hydroperoxides and TBC-active products. When the liposomal preparation “Butaselmevit” was used in pregnant cows with endotoxicosis, activation of the antioxidant defense system was also observed. This indicates a high level of activity of the enzymes in the glutathione defense system, namely an increase in the activity of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. This is likely related to direct and indirect antioxidants in the liposomal preparation, which interact with each other, inhibiting the formation of free radicals and lipid oxidation processes.
Antioxidant Activity of Bioactive and Mineral Constituents of Jatropha curcas Linn. (Euphorbiaceae) Leaf and Seed Extract
Authors: Yakubu Shedrach , Yebpella Garbunga
Published: July 2024

In recent years, there has been a surge in research on natural products, particularly plant-based ones, for pharmaceutical formulations and food supplements. Natural products rich in bioactive components like phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins, and elemental minerals like Fe, Mg, Mn, and Cu, serve as antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial agents. This study investigates the antioxidant capacity of Jatropha curcas leaves and seeds and the qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis and mineral compositions of the plant’s leaves and seeds. The samples were collected and treated before being extracted through cool maceration in methanol. The antioxidant activities of the methanol extracts were evaluated using the DPPH Assay after their concentration was achieved using a rotary evaporator. Both quantitative and qualitative analysis was conducted to investigate the presence of phytochemicals in both the seed and leaves of J. curcas. The presence of elemental minerals such as Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, and Mg was investigated using AAS. The phytochemical analysis of J. curcas revealed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and steroids in both leaves and seeds, while alkaloids and terpenoids were found in the leaves. The mineral composition indicates Mg levels of 1161.65 mg/Kg in leaves and 590.66 mg/kg in seeds, with Cu absent in leaves while Mn highest in leaves. The study found that Jatropha curcas leaves have the highest antioxidant activities (82.6%), competing with the ascorbic acid standard (86.2%), with less activity in seeds (52.7 %), suggesting the high potential of the leaves for pharmaceutical formulations and food supplements.
Determination of Maximum Adsorption Capacity of Chitosan and Carboxymethyl Chitosan on the Absorption of Metal Ions Cr (VI) Based on the Langmuir Equation
Authors: Nasution Darwin Yunus , Siregar Amir Hamzah , Rokhmayanti Etika
Published: July 2024

A study has been conducted to investigate the adsorption of chrom (VI) metal ions by hand chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan. This research aimed to examine the adsorption capacity of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan and determine the applicability of the Langmuir isotherm adsorption method for adsorbing Cr (VI) metal ions utilizing these materials. Chitosan was chemically treated with a 40% NaOH solution and monochloroacetic acid, dispersed in 2-propanol at room temperature for 10 h. This reaction resulted in the formation of carboxymethyl chitosan. FT-IR analyzed the functional group of carboxymethyl chitosan. The adsorption process was conducted using a standard solution with varying concentrations of Cr6+, specifically 5, 10, 15, and 20 mg/L. The concentration of Cr6+ adsorbed was measured using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The findings demonstrated that carboxymethyl chitosan exhibited the maximum capacity for adsorbing chrom metal ions, with a mass of 0.9179 mg/g carboxymethyl chitosan at a concentration of 20 ppm. Chrom (VI) metal ion adsorption by carboxymethyl chitosan follows the Langmuir equation with an R2 value greater than 0.9. The maximum adsorption capacity of carboxymethyl chitosan is 1.16 mg/g, which is higher compared to chitosan's capacity of only 0.60 mg/g.
Effect of Clay Composition and Human Haircut Waste on Mechanical Properties Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Resin Composites
Authors: Nasution Darwin Yunus , Delfis Muhammad
Published: July 2024

The impact of human haircut waste and the nature of clay soil on the mechanical characteristics of epoxy resin composites has been studied. This study utilizes clay sourced from Wonosari Village, Deli Serdang Regency. The clay was pulverized using a pestle and mortar until it reached a smooth consistency. It is then filtered through a 200 mesh screen and subjected to drying in an oven at a temperature of 105℃ for around 3 h until the water content is completely evaporated. Finally, the dried clay stored in a desiccator. The clay powder was subjected to ball milling for 40 h at 350 rpm. The resulting particle size, determined by particle size analysis (PSA), was found at 0.764 µm. Next, the human haircut waste obtained from the surrounding campus of Universitas Sumatera Utara was prepared by separating the hair from fine hair and washing it clean. Clay soil powder and human hair cut waste are used as fillers, and some variations of epoxy resin mixtures are used. Morphological SEM analysis shows that clay and human haircut waste can be distributed evenly on epoxy resin composites. Testing of water absorption and mechanical properties of the board based on SNI 01-449-2006 standards include the test of dry bending strength (MoR) and the mode of flexural elasticity (MoE) obtained the optimum composition (50: 50: 1: 1) g against the epoxy resin mixture, waste human haircut, and clay soil obtained the water absorption test results of 1.64% with a value of MoE 36789.03 kgf /cm2 and a value of MoR 664,41 kgf/cm2. Test results of mechanical properties and water absorption have fulfilled the SNI 01-449-2006 quality standards for composite boards.
Synthesis of Schiff Base through the Condensation Reaction Between Cellulose Dialdehyde with Ethylenediamine and Aniline as Well as Antibacterial Activity Test
Authors: Tambunan Thomas Febrian
Published: July 2024

Schiff base was created using a condensation reaction involving Ethylene diamine or Aniline and dialdehyde cellulose (DAC), which was obtained by oxidizing α-cellulose with sodium periodate as the oxidizing agent. The cellulose dialdehyde was identified through qualitative analysis, which involved observing the formation of a brick red sediment during the Fehling test and a rise in solubility in water. Additionally, the presence of an aldehyde group was confirmed by analyzing the FT-IR spectrophotometer data, which showed a peak at a wave number of 1635.64 cm-1. The synthesized dialdehyde cellulose has an oxidation degree of 80.9% and a carbonyl level of 10.36%. The Schiff base was analyzed using an FT-IR spectrophotometer, which revealed peaks at wave numbers 1635.64 cm-1 and 1604.77 cm-1. These peaks suggest the creation of a Schiff base bond (C=N) resulting from the condensation of the amine group from Ethylene diamine and Aniline with the aldehyde group from DAC. The antibacterial activity of Schiff bases was evaluated using the disc plate diffusion method. The Schiff base resulting from the condensation of DAC with Ethylenediamine at concentrations of 0.15%, 0.30%, and 0.45% was tested against S.aureus and E.coli. Clear zones of inhibition were seen, indicating the antibacterial effect. The Schiff base resulting from the condensation of DAC with Aniline at concentrations of 0.15%, 0.30%, and 0.45% showed clear zone diameters of 6.9 mm, 9 mm, and 12.5 mm against S.aureus and 7 mm, 12.5 mm, and 13 mm against E.coli. The clear zone diameters in a row were 10 mm, 10.8 mm, and 20.1 mm against S.aureus and 10.5 mm, 14.6 mm, and 17.1 mm against E.coli. The condensation of dialdehyde cellulose with ethylene diamine and Aniline leads to Schiff base formation. This Schiff base has antibacterial characteristics that are effective against S.aureus and E.coli.
Production of Glucose Syrup Derived from Cassava Peel Starch Using Amylase Enzyme from Green Bean Seed Sprout Extract (Phaseolus radiatus L.)
Authors: Nasution Emma Zaidar , Ginting Sari Mutiara
Published: July 2024

The production of glucose syrup derived from cassava peels starch using amylase enzyme from green bean seed sprout extract (Phaseolus radiatus L.) has been carried out by isolating the enzyme from the green bean seed sprouts extract then purified by precipitation using ammonium sulphate with the saturation of 60% (w/v). Amylase enzyme activity was determined using the Nelson Somogyi method. The research results obtained the activity of the amylase enzyme in the deposition of 60% ammonium sulphate at 12.22 U/mL. Amylase enzyme was applied as a hydrolyzed starch from cassava peels with a weight ratio of raw material with water 10% (w / v) to produce glucose syrup with the addition of 0.25% enzyme; 0.5%; 0.75%; 1% (v / v). The glucose syrup obtained was then tested for viscosity, reducing sugars, water content, ash content, and organoleptics. The best glucose syrup analysis results from adding 1% amylase enzyme with a viscosity value of 238.71cP, water content of 12.45%, reduction sugar content of 33.81%, ash content of 0.49%, and dextrose equivalent value of 50.16%.
Kebijakan Penilaian Kondisi Perkerasan Lentur Menggunakan Metode PCI dan Analisis Penyebab Kerusakan pada Ruas Jalan Genteng-Temuguruh Kabupaten Banyuwangi
Authors: Hadiyono Rama , Nurtjahjaningtyas Indra , Sutjipto Jojok Widodo
Published: July 2024

Ruas Jalan Genteng – Temuguruh merupakan Jalan provinsi yang menghubungkan kecamatan Singojuruh dan Sempu menuju kecamatan Genteng Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Sepanjang ruas jalan banyak ditemukan titik kerusakan perkerasan. Kerusakan terjadi pada lapis permukaan yang didominasi pada lajur kanan menuju kota kecamatan Genteng. Data kerusakan jalan dibutuhkan untuk penyusunan indeks kerusakan perkerasan pada metode Pavement Condition Index (PCI). Tujuannya untuk mengetahui kondisi perkerasan jalan dengan cara identifikasi kerusakan, jenis kerusakan dan tingkat kerusakan perkerasan (Shahin,1994). Hasil temuan di lapangan terdapat 7 jenis kerusakan dengan yakni retak pinggir 64,565%, kegemukan 11,874%, pelapukan & butiran 10,852%, retak memanjang & melintang 8,155%, retak buaya 3,272%, retak slip 1,073%, dan lubang sebesar 0,209%. Rata – rata nilai PCI sebesar 78,72 menunjukkan kondisi perkerasan sangat baik, tetapi kondisi riil masih terjadi kerusakan. Hasil analisa penyebab kerusakan jalan diperoleh nilai truk faktor lajur kiri 1,1003 dan lajur kanan 0,7441, untuk nilai TF>1 menunjukkan kerusakan jalan yang disebabkan overloading kendaraan berat.
Evaluasi Kesesuaian Lahan untuk Pengembangan Tanaman Sengon di Desa Wonosalam, Kecamatan Wonosalam
Authors: Kurniawati Yeni Trias , Febrianti Wahyu Niken , Wattie Glenmas Guardison Richard Wojtyla , Judhaswati Ratna Dewi , Handayani Wuryaning , Yuningsih Yuningsih , Maroeto Maroeto
Published: July 2024

Tanaman sengon (Albizia chinensis) adalah salah satu jenis tanaman perkebunan yang populer di Indonesia karena pertumbuhannya yang cepat serta manfaat ekonomi dan lingkungan yang ditawarkannya. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui kelas kesesuaian lahan untuk komoditas sengon di Desa Wonosalam, Kecamatan Wonosalam. Metode yang digunakan adalah menggunakan metode survei deskriptif yaitu dengan survey lahan dan pengambilan sampel tanah di lapangan serta hasil analisis sampel tanah di laboratorium. Titik pengamatan dan pengambilan sampel tanah dibentuk berdasarkan satuan peta lahan hasil overlay (tumpang susun) antara peta jenis tanah, peta lereng, dan peta penggunaan lahan. Hasil kajian didapatkan bahwa sengon memiliki 2 kelas kesesuaian yaitu S3 (Sesuai Marginal) dan juga termasuk dalam Kelas kesesuaian N (Tidak Sesuai) karena memiliki faktor pembatas yang sangat berat dan/atau sulit diatasi. Faktor pembatas pada satuan petak lahan dengan kelas kesesuaian S3 dan N antara lain curah hujan, lereng dan bahaya erosi.
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF PRO-SOCIETAL FIELDS OF MARKETING, AND DEVELOPMENT OF RELEVANT MARKETER’S COMPETENCES
Authors: Vrublevska Olena ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
Published: July 2024

The article investigates the pro-societal branches in marketing based on a historical approach and analysis of the contribution of different schools of marketing thought that formed their theoretical foundations. It also analyses the origins and differentiation of social marketing and societal marketing as two main fields. These present further investigations of this topic by the author initiated in connection with the diversity of pro-societal fields in marketing marked with lots of terms denoting them both in the national and international research space. It is necessary to analyse how they relate and to determine their place and role in university programs for educating marketers. Societal marketing, recognised in Ukraine as socially ethical marketing, is taught as an academic discipline within the marketing bachelor’s program. In this regard, the relevant issue concerns theoretical foundations, modern content and the role of societal marketing in forming the competencies of a marketer. The article identifies the pivot points in the historical paths of marketing as a practical activity and a scientific discipline, allowing for a clear picture of the development of pro-societal ideas. It substantiates the paradigmatic nature of the changes in marketing that took place in the last quarter of the 20th century, qualifying it as the second paradigm shift – from the individual to societal values. In contrast, the first paradigm shift in 1950th meant moving from a company-centric to a customer-centric focus. The role of the school of marketing systems, the school of macro-marketing, and the exchange school in developing pro-social marketing is characterised. Societal marketing (including its derivatives like sustainable marketing, environmental marketing, and socially responsible marketing) is compared with social marketing based on established criteria. Then, the content of the discipline "Socially Ethical Marketing" of the marketing study program is developed to form the marketer’s competencies needed for harmonising the interests of business and society, considering social expectations regarding responsible business and marketing.
GRANT PROGRAMS OF THE CHARITY FUND «MHP GROMADI» IN THE CONDITIONS OF WAR
Authors: Kobelia-Zvir Mariana ,   Lviv University of Trade and Economics
Published: July 2024

The article examines the grant possibilities. The analysis of the grant possibilities of the "MHP-Community" Charitable Foundation showed that its focus is on 13 regions of Ukraine, such as: Vinnytsia, Volyn, Dnipropetrovsk, Zhytomyr, Ivano-Frankivsk, Kyiv, Lviv, Poltava, Sumy, Ternopil, Khmelnytskyi, Cherkasy and Chernihiv regions and the city of Kyiv, which is more than 700 settlements. Emphasized: the charitable foundation helps its target audience not only with direct humanitarian aid, but also with grants in solving social, economic and environmental problems. It is noted that in order to implement educational, cultural and social initiatives, the "MHP-Community" fund cooperates with international and Ukrainian donors, such as the United Nations Development Program in Ukraine, ISAR "Unity", the Swiss SIDA Agency, USAID, the Embassy of Japan in Ukraine and the Zagoriy Foundation. It is noted that since its establishment in 2015, the "MHP-Hromadi" charitable foundation has supported hundreds of projects. The article presents the results of the competitive selection of a number of the fund’s grant programs and demonstrates the areas and industries in which the grant recipients were financed. The study emphasized that the competition "Time to act, Ukraine!" implemented annually, in 2024 – for 9 years in a row. The initiative aims to contribute to the solution of important social problems of communities through financial support of local social initiatives, as a response to the challenges of war, as well as: to strengthen the capacity of communities in modern conditions, to provide a tool for attracting additional resources, to unite other partners for Victory. It is emphasized that in the conditions of war, the support of the charitable fund "MHP-Gromadi" of the veteran community is essential, namely: grants for veterans and their family members to start or develop their own business. In summary, a number of grant funding tools are effective and effective for the communities cared for by the charitable foundation, such as: the "Do Your Own" competition, which is held to support entrepreneurship, and the All-Ukrainian Social Initiatives Competition "Time to Act, Ukraine!".
CRYPTOCURRENCIES IN UKRAINE: CURRENT STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS
Authors: Zvarych Ihor ,   Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Zvarych Olena ,   Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University
Published: July 2024

The article characterised the current state and prospects for the development of the cryptocurrency market in Ukraine. At the same time, with the use of systematic and synergistic approaches and methods of analysis and synthesis, deduction and in-duction, historical, comparative and content analysis, it was found that at the time whet the term «cryptocurrency» was introduced people did not know much about this analogue of fiat money, but over time, the internet culture improved, so the popularisation of cryptocurrencies reached a significant level – the global community has already actively discussed Bitcoin (the first and most popular cryptocurrency), his course and generally became interested in the topic of blockchain, which is understandable: cryptocurrencies have significant advantages compared to that money, their features make them an interesting topic for discussions, and the ease of use turns virtual funds into an effective way of earning and investing, so cryptocurrencies have become a new influential driver economy. The term «cryptocurrency» (currency) comes from the english «currency», and he got the part «crypt» from such a branch of mathematics as cryptography – the science of data protection, which consist of two important divisions – about information masking and verification of data that comes from the outside. It is a type of digital money in a decentralised payment system that works in automatic mode using blockhain technology, which is the basis of all cryptocurrencies, which was first used as the main general list of all transactions in the implementation of the first most famous and most popular cryptocurrency – Bitcoin. It is also worth noting that it’s concept was developed by the anonymous Samoshi Nakamoto and it is still unknown whether this is a real person or their group or just a fictitious pseudonym in various states, including modern Ukraine, their peculiarities, which makes their systematic research extremely relevant and also timely
GAMIFICATION AS AN INNOVATIVE APPROACH TO TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT OF ENTERPRISE
Authors: Verbivska Liudmyla ,   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Blesko Nazar ,   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University
Published: July 2024

The article examines modern aspects of the use innovative technologies for training and development of company employees. The article considers the concept of gamification and game elements used in business activities, their impact on the workforce and consumers, methods of introducing game elements into the work process of an employee using innovative technologies. The author analyzes statistical data about the introduction of gamification into the workflow of more than 2,000 global companies, namely, the impact on employee productivity, engagement and concentration of their work, staff motivation, company profitability, the cost of gamification in the global market, development trends, and identifies the advantages and problems associated with the introduction of the game elements approach into business processes. The introduction of gaming elements in the activities of HR services can have a significant impact on the efficiency of recruitment, selection, and evaluation of employees. Examples of the use of nonconventional gaming products in solving team issues in the context of the 2019 coronavirus pandemic, when remote work has become an integral part of the present, are given. The application of VR and AR technologies to optimize workflow in business is considered, their advantages, disadvantages and risks are identified. Examples of well-known companies that have implemented and directly use VR headsets in business, as well as apply AR technologies in the daily routine of not only employees but also ordinary consumers are considered. The relevance of using a gamification approach in the process of training, development, adaptation, and motivation of personnel is determined. The result of this study is to draw attention to the introduction of game elements in the work of HR services of enterprises, in the labor process of production or in the final product, etc. Accordingly, the use of such approaches to the implementation of gaming innovative technologies, such as augmented and virtual reality, which are widespread abroad, will allow domestic companies to increase their financial performance, efficiency, and employee satisfaction.
ORGANISATION OF CUSTOMS PROCEDURES TO ENSURE UKRAINE'S FOREIGN ECONOMIC OPERATIONS DURING MARTIAL LAW
Authors: Kovtun Eduard ,   Vinnytsia Institute of Trade and Economics of State University of Trade and Economics, Tomchuk Oleksandra ,   Vinnytsia Institute of Trade and Economics of State University of Trade and Economics
Published: July 2024

Customs policy serves as a crucial aspect of Ukraine's overall strategy for managing foreign economic activity, encompassing various legal and regulatory mechanisms, particularly customs procedures. According to Ukrainian legislation, customs procedures involve both customs clearance and customs control, alongside the associated process of customs payment. Therefore, it is imperative for government bodies and public administration in Ukraine to seek optimal methods for implementing these procedures. Given the wartime context, adjustments in customs practices become essential to strike a balance between safeguarding domestic industries, fostering foreign economic ventures, and supporting the civilian population and armed forces of Ukraine. The challenges posed by the wartime situation intensify the complexities of foreign economic activity and the need to bolster domestic enterprises. Hence, there arises a pressing need to explore the issues surrounding the execution of customs procedures in the present circumstances. This article delves into the analysis of the core principles of customs procedures that facilitate the support of foreign economic activity, along with the recent modifications in customs legislation, legal frameworks, and practices adopted in response to the ongoing conflict in Ukraine. The research employs various methodologies such as comparison, abstraction, analysis, generalization, and structural examination. Specifically, it examines the economic significance of customs procedures in bolstering foreign economic activity, focusing on key components like customs clearance, customs control, and customs duties payment processes stipulated by relevant laws and regulations. Additionally, the paper scrutinizes the implementation process of these customs procedures by customs authorities, shedding light on the changes necessitated by wartime conditions.
INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN TOURISM
Authors: Gerasymiv Zoriana ,   Separated Subdivision National University of Life and Environmental Science of Ukraine «Berezhany Agrotechnical Institute», Ostrovska Nadija ,   Separated Subdivision National University of Life and Environmental Science of Ukraine «Berezhany Agrotechnical Institute»
Published: July 2024

The article examines the peculiarities of the application of innovative technologies in the tourism industry. It was determined that the use of innovative technologies is the need of the time, they contribute to the globalization of the tourist market, help in the development, promotion and sale of a tourist product. It was determined that a feature of modern tourism is the use of ecologically oriented innovations. The essence of innovations in tourism, which provide for the modification of the tourist product or its qualitative change, contribute to increasing the efficiency of activities and ensure the competitiveness of tourist enterprises, is revealed. It is indicated that the application of innovative solutions by enterprises in the tourism sector contributes to increasing the attractiveness of their services for consumers. The advantages of using innovative technologies in tourism have been studied. It is noted that today consumers have increased requirements for the level of personalization and cooperate with tour operators that provide an individual approach. Examples of the application of innovations in the tourism are given. The possibilities opened up by the application of artificial intelligence are analyzed. It is indicated that the use of modern technologies contributes to the improvement of travel safety, allows tracking the location, contactless registration and payment. The advantages and disadvantages of using virtual and augmented reality in the development of a tourist product are determined. The problems of the functioning of the national innovation system are considered. The factors that prevent the implementation of digital technologies in the activities of tourist enterprises are defined. The main disadvantages of using digital technologies in tourism are indicated. The article substantiates the importance of applying an innovative approach in tourism activities, which will ensure the growth of tourism business profitability. It has been studied that the market of traditional travel companies will undergo significant changes in the near future due to the use of information and communication technologies.
ДОСВІД ПЕРЕЖИВАННЯ ДОМАШНЬОГО НАСИЛЬСТВА: ОСОБЛИВОСТІ РЕФЛЕКСІЇ ТА ШЛЯХИ ВІДНОВЛЕННЯ
Authors: Гавриловська К. П. , Юрко К. О.
Published: July 2024

У статті розглянуто проблему домашнього насильства у контексті переживання та рефлексії постраждалими жінками свого досвіду перебування в насильницьких стосунках. Перебування у ситуації домашнього насильства може завдати шкоди фізичному та психічному здоров’ю. Проте важливо не лише фіксувати наслідки, але і концентрувати увагу на періоді виходу з насильницьких стосунків, шукати можливості підтримки та шляхи відновлення постраждалих. Емпіричне дослідження було проведено методом анкетування потерпілих жінок (80 осіб). Досліджувані рефлексували причини, які були вирішальними у виборі залишатися в ситуації домашнього насильства та продовжувати стосунки з кривдником. Зокрема були названі: психоемоційна залежність (часто пов'язана із страхом перед самотністю); фінансова залежність; низька самооцінка, невпевненість і нерішучість; почуття провини та обов'язку, жалість до кривдника; очікування на зміни в поведінці партнера, а також неусвідомлення факту домашнього насильства. Значна кількість жінок, які зазнали фізичного насильства, вказали на відсутність будь-якого контакту з кривдником після розлучення, тоді як серед потерпілих від психологічного насильства цей показник був нижчим. Частина постраждалих уникають прямого контакту з кривдником, але шукають і отримують інформацію про кривдника через третіх осіб або соціальні мережі. Більшість опитаних категорично відкидають можливість відновлення стосунків із кривдником. Невелика кількість жінок вказала на можливість повернення до стосунків, якщо помітять позитивні зміни у поведінці кривдника або якщо вони відчують тиск або страх перед наполегливістю кривдника. Всі респондентки вказали, що найбільше підтримки в період виходу з насильницьких стосунків отримали від сім'ї та друзів, третина опитаних зазначили, що шукали і отримували фахову психологічну допомогу. Важливим ресурсом для відновлення після насильницьких стосунків виявилося ознайомлення з інформацією про особливості домашнього насильства що підкреслює важливість інформування та просвіти у процесі відновлення постраждалих.
ПСИХОЛОГІЧНА РЕЗИЛЬЄНТНІСТІЬ ЯК УМОВА ПІДТРИМКИ ПСИХОЛОГІЧНОГО ЗДОРОВ'Я ОСОБИСТОСТІ
Authors: Москаленко О. В.
Published: July 2024

В статті розкрито сутність психологічної резильєнтності як важливої умови для збереження та підтримки психологічного здоров’я особистості. Визначено, що психологічне здоров’я є складним, багатовимірним, динамічним конструктом, що визначається наявністю певних особистісних характеристик, що виявляються через стресостійкість, соціальну адаптацію особистості, прагнення до розвитку. Психологічно здорова особистість характеризується життєстійкістю – здатністю приймати активну участь у власному житті, розвиненим контролем та готовністю до ризику. Компоненти життєстійкості об’єднані у два блоки здібностей. Загальні здібності характеризують базові особистісні установки, інтелект, самосвідомість, сенс і відповідальність. Спеціальні здібності характеризують навички взаємодії з людьми та навички подолання різних типів складних ситуацій. Життєстійкість виявляється через адаптаційні можливості особистості. В цьому сенсі вона близька до поняття резильєнтність, хоча ці поняття не є тотожними. Резильєнтність особистості може розглядатися як сукупність певних якостей, що сприяють відновленню, так і як власне процес відновлення, як адаптаційний механізм. Факторами резильєнтності є: ефективний підтримка в дитинстві, доброзичливі стосунки з дорослими у дитинстві, вміння налагоджувати ефективну взаємодію з близькими, друзями, навички розв’язання конфліктних ситуацій, інтелектуальний розвиток, оптимізм, емоційний інтелект, самоконтроль та саморегуляція, прогностичні здібності, мотивація успіху, ефективні моделі поведінки в складних ситуаціях, адекватна самооцінка. Резильєнтність особистості виражається через інтеграцією особливостей когнітивної, афективної та поведінкової сфери, що характеризуються певними знаннями та способами мислення, широким спектром емоційного реагування, наявністю ресурсів та варіантів копінг-стратегій.
ЕВОЛЮЦІЯ НАУКОВИХ ПОГЛЯДІВ НА ПОНЯТТЯ «ПСИХОЛОГІЧНЕ БЛАГОПОЛУЧЧЯ»
Authors: Шевчук В. В.
Published: July 2024

У статті розглянута еволюція наукових поглядів на поняття «психологічне благополуччя». На даний момент такі поняття, як «психологічне благополуччя», «якість життя», «суб’єктивне психологічне благополуччя» є мало диференційованими, а також недостатньо вивченим є особливості досягнення і збереження цих станів. Процес самореалізації особистості передбачає її власну активність, спрямовану на самотворення та самоствердження збалансований та гармонійний розвиток різних аспектів особистості шляхом докладання адекватних зусиль, спрямованих на розкриття індивідних та особистісних потенціалів. Вивчення самореалізації у психологічній науці здійснюється через такі близькі за змістом поняття, як стратегія життя у вітчизняній психологічній теорії, ідентичність у теорії Е. Еріксона, теорія самоактуалізації А. Маслоу. Виходячи з вищезазначеного, ми прагнемо розкрити зміст феномену психологічного благополуччя, його характерні ознаки, критерії та прояви у науково-педагогічних працівників в умовах воєнного стану. На основі теоретичного аналізу праць науковців та наших емпіричних досліджень уточнено функціональну модель психологічного благополуччя особистості. Для досягнення поставленої мети необхідно вирішити наступні завдання: з'ясувати погляди вітчизняних в зарубіжних науковців на природу феномену психологічного благополуччя; опис основних критеріїв психологічного благополуччя; створення функціональної моделі психологічного благополуччя; проаналізувати результати емпіричного дослідження особливостей психологічного благополуччя науково-педагогічних працівників. Психологічне благополуччя є інтегральним показником, що включає: спрямованість особистості реалізацію основних компонентів позитивного функціонування (особистісне зростання, самоприйняття, управління середовищем, автономія, цілі у житті, позитивні відносини з оточуючими); ступінь реалізації даної спрямованості, суб’єктивно що виражається у відчутті щастя, задоволеності собою та власним життям.