bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A framework for prioritizing contaminants in retrospective ecological assessments: Application in the Milwaukee Estuary (Milwaukee, WI)
Authors: Maloney Erin M. , Villeneuve Daniel L. , Blackwell Brett R. , Vitense Kelsey , Corsi Steven R. , Pronschinske Matthew A. , Jensen Kathleen M. , Ankley Gerald T.
Published: December 2022

Watersheds are subjected to diverse anthropogenic inputs, exposing aquatic biota to a wide range of chemicals. Detection of multiple, different chemicals can challenge natural resource managers who often have to determine where to allocate potentially limited resources. Here, we describe a weight-of-evidence framework for retrospectively prioritizing aquatic contaminants. To demonstrate framework utility, we used data from 96-h caged fish studies to prioritize chemicals detected in the Milwaukee Estuary (WI, USA; 2017–2018). Across study years, 77/178 targeted chemicals were detected. Chemicals were assigned prioritization scores based on spatial and temporal detection frequency, environmental distribution, environmental fate, ecotoxicological potential, and effect prediction. Chemicals were sorted into priority bins based on the intersection of prioritization score and data availability. Data-limited chemicals represented those that did not have sufficient data to adequately evaluate ecotoxicological potential or environmental fate. Seven compounds (fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, pyrene, atrazine, metolachlor, phenanthrene, and DEET) were identified as high or medium priority and data sufficient and flagged as candidates for further effects-based monitoring studies. Twenty-one compounds were identified as high or medium priority and data limited and flagged as candidates for further ecotoxicological research. Fifteen chemicals were flagged as the lowest priority in the watershed. One of these chemicals (2-methylnaphthalene) displayed no data limitations and was flagged as a definitively low-priority chemical. The remaining chemicals displayed some data limitations and were considered lower-priority compounds (contingent on further ecotoxicological and environmental fate assessments). The remaining 34 compounds were flagged as low or medium priority. Altogether, this prioritization provided a screening-level (non-definitive) assessment that could be used to focus further resource management and risk assessment activities in the Milwaukee Estuary. Furthermore, by providing detailed methodology and a practical example with real experimental data, we demonstrated that the proposed framework represents a transparent and adaptable approach for prioritizing contaminants in freshwater environments. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:1276–1296. © 2022 SETAC
Noninvasive detection of brain gliomas using plasma cell‐free DNA 5‐hydroxymethylcytosine sequencing
Authors: Zhang Shuxin , Zhang Jun , Hu Xinlei , Yin Senlin , Yuan Yunbo , Xia Lin , Cao Feng , Yan Xiaoqin , Yan Ziyue , Mao Qing , Xie Dan , Liu Yanhui
Published: December 2022

Liquid biopsy techniques based on deep sequencing of plasma cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) could detect the low‐frequency somatic mutations and provide an accurate diagnosis for many cancers. However, for brain gliomas, reliable performance of these techniques currently requires obtaining cfDNA from patients' cerebral spinal fluid, which is cumbersome and risky. Here we report a liquid biopsy method based on sequencing of plasma cfDNA fragments carrying 5‐hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) using selective chemical labeling (hMe‐Seal). We first constructed a dataset including 180 glioma patients and 229 non‐glioma controls. We found marked concordance between cfDNA hydroxymethylome and the aberrant transcriptome of the underlying gliomas. Functional analysis also revealed overrepresentation of the differentially hydroxymethylated genes (DhmGs) in oncogenic and neural pathways. After splitting our dataset into training and test cohort, we showed that a penalized logistic model constructed with training set DhmGs could distinguish glioma patients from healthy controls in both our test set (AUC = 0.962) and an independent dataset (AUC = 0.930) consisting of 111 gliomas and 111 controls. Additionally, the DhmGs between gliomas with mutant and wild‐type isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) could be used to train a cfDNA predictor of the IDH mutation status of the underlying tumor (AUC = 0.816), and patients with predicted IDH mutant gliomas had significantly better outcome (P = .01). These results indicate that our plasma cfDNA 5hmC sequencing method could obtain glioma‐specific signals, which may be used to noninvasively detect these patients and predict the aggressiveness of their tumors.
Role of ATP5G3 in sodium nitroprusside‐induced cell death in cervical carcinoma cells
Authors: Lee Kyung Hye , Rim Do Eun , Lee Jeong‐Hwa , Jeong Seong‐Whan
Published: December 2022

We identified a gene, subunit C3 (ATP5G3) of mitochondrial ATP synthase, that displayed changes in gene expression under oxidative stress. We examined the role of ATP5G3 and its molecular mechanisms in sodium nitroprusside (SNP)‐induced cell death using ATP5G3 small interfering RNA (siATP5G3)‐transfected HeLa cells. A significant increase in cytotoxicity was observed in the transfected cells treated with SNP, which suggests a protective role of ATP5G3 in SNP‐induced cytotoxicity in the cells. The transfected cells treated with photodegraded SNP showed equal cytotoxicity to SNP, and pretreatment with deferoxamine (DFO) completely inhibited this cytotoxicity. Further, cytotoxicity was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with a p38 inhibitor and was accentuated by the p38 activator in cells. Pretreatment with the Bcl‐xL inhibitor also significantly accentuated cytotoxicity. The increase in p38 phosphorylation was significantly higher in siATP5G3‐transfected cells treated with SNP in immunoblotting, which was inhibited by pretreatment with DFO. The increase in cytotoxicity with siATP5G3 transfection was completely blocked by cotransfection with sip38, and the blocking effect disappeared by cotransfection with additional siBcl‐xL, which suggests that the protective role of ATP5G3 is mediated by Bcl‐xL via the inhibition of p38 activity. Cytotoxicity was completely blocked by the cotransfection of siATP5G3 with siBax. No change in apoptotic parameters was observed during cytotoxicity. However, pretreatment with lysosomal inhibitors significantly inhibited cytotoxicity and increased p62 protein levels. These findings suggest that ATP5G3 plays a protective role in autophagic cell death/lysosome‐associated cell death induced by SNP via the sequential signaling of ROS/p38/Bcl‐xL/Bax in HeLa cells.
Hematological characteristics of COVID‐19 patients with fever infected by the Omicron variant in Shanghai: A retrospective cohort study in China
Authors: Wei Tingting , Li Jiangyan , Cheng Zhuo , Jiang Liansheng , Zhang Jiafeng , Wang Hao , Zhou Lin
Published: December 2022

Background

A wave of the Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection has rapidly spread in Shanghai, China. Hematological abnormalities have been reported in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients; however, the difference in hematological parameters between COVID‐19 patients with fever and patients who are febrile from other causes remains unexplored.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study enrolled 663 SARS‐CoV‐2 positive patients identified by RT‐PCR. Clinical parameters, including age, sex, and threshold cycle values of all COVID‐19 patients, and hematological parameters of COVID‐19 patients in the fever clinic were abstracted for analysis.

Results

Overall, 60.8% of COVID‐19 patients were male, and the median age was 45 years. Most of COVID‐19 patients were asymptomatic, while 25.8% of patients showed fever and 10.9% of patients had other emergencies. COVID‐19 patients with fever had significantly lower white blood cells (WBCs), neutrophils, lymphocytes, platelets and C‐reactive protein (CRP), and significantly higher monocyte‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), and mean platelet volume‐to‐platelet ratio (MPR) levels, compared with those in SARS‐CoV‐2 negative patients with fever from other causes (p < 0.05). Neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), PLR, and systemic inflammatory index (SII) levels were significantly higher in COVID‐19 patients with emergencies (p < 0.05). WBCs showed the best performance with an area under the curve (0.756), followed by neutrophils (0.730) and lymphocytes (0.694) in the diagnosis of COVID‐19 in the fever clinic.

Conclusion

WBCs, neutrophils, lymphocytes, platelets, CRP and MLR, PLR, and MPR may be useful in early diagnosis of COVID‐19 in the fever clinic.
m6A‐related long noncoding RNAs predict prognosis and indicate therapeutic response in endometrial carcinoma
Authors: Zhou Xinying , Zhang Hu , Duan Yingchun , Zhu Jianlong , Dai Haiyan
Published: December 2022

Background

N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) has been identified as the most common, abundant, and conserved internal transcriptional modification. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are noncoding RNAs consisting of more than 200 nucleotides, and the expression of various lncRNAs may affect cancer prognosis. The impact of m6A‐associated lncRNAs on uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) prognosis is unknown.

Methods

In this study, UCEC prognosis‐related m6A lncRNAs were screened, bioinformatics analysis was performed, and experimental validation was conducted. Endometrial carcinoma (EC) and normal tissue samples were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas. The prognosis‐related m6A lncRNAs screened by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method were used for multivariate Cox proportional risk regression modeling. Principal component analysis and Gene Ontology, immune function difference, and drug sensitivity analyses of the prognostic models were performed. Prognostic analysis was conducted for m6A‐associated lncRNAs. The immune infiltration relationship of m6A‐associated lncRNAs in EC was identified using the ssGSEA immune infiltration algorithm. A competing endogenouse RNA network was constructed using the LncACTdb database. Finally, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) assays were used to validate the differences in m6A‐related lncRNA expression in normal and EC cells.

Results

CDKN2B‐AS1 and MIR924HG were found to be risk factors for EC. RAB11B‐AS1 was a protective factor in EC patients. MIR924HG expression was upregulated in KLE and RL95‐2 endometrial cancer cell lines. Prognostic models involved RAB11B‐AS1, LINC01812, HM13‐IT1, TPM1‐AS, SLC16A1‐AS1, LINC01936, and CDKN2B‐AS1. The high‐risk group was more sensitive to five compounds (ABT.263, ABT.888, AP.24534, ATRA, and AZD.0530) than the low‐risk group.

Conclusion

These findings contribute to understanding of the function of m6A‐related lncRNAs in UCEC and provide promising therapeutic strategies for UCEC.
Chairwork and the therapeutic relationship: Can the cart join the horse?
Authors: Pugh Matthew , Dixon Alison , Bell Tobyn
Published: December 2022

“Chairwork” is a collection of experiential methods that utilize movement between chairs and dialogue with parts of the self to bring about change. Because of their emotionally intense nature, therapists often assume that a robust therapeutic relationship is a prerequisite for these tasks. However, it could be said that chairwork also supports the development and strengthening of the alliance. This article presents a single‐session, chairwork‐centered treatment with an individual experiencing social anxiety. Verbatim extracts and post‐intervention feedback illustrate the reciprocal and reinforcing roles of client participation, therapist facilitation, and the therapeutic bond during chairwork. Moreover, the case demonstrates that relationship and technique are intimately bound when using experiential methods, suggesting that therapists do not always need to privilege the former to implement the latter.
Body mass index, waist circumference and cardiovascular diseases in transitional ages (40 and 66 years)
Authors: Yoo Jung Eun , Han Kyungdo , Jung Jin‐Hyung , Hur Yang‐Im , Kim Yang Hyun , Kim Eun Sook , Son Jang Won , Rhee Eun‐Jung , Lee Won‐Young , Nam Ga Eun
Published: December 2022

Background

There is lack of data on effect modification by age on the association between body mass index (BMI) or waist circumference (WC) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). We aimed to investigate the impact of BMI and WC on incident CVDs in individuals aged 40 and 66 years.

Methods

Overall, 2 430 510 participants who underwent a national health screening for transitional ages provided by the Korean National Health Insurance Service between 2009 and 2012 were included. The adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for myocardial infarction (MI), ischaemic stroke and CVDs as a composite outcome of MI and ischaemic stroke were calculated using multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analysis.

Results

During a mean follow‐up of 7.7 years, 24 884 MI and 29 415 ischaemic stroke events occurred. Among participants aged 40 years, there was a J‐shaped association of BMI with incident CVDs, MI and ischaemic stroke with nadir at BMI 18.5–22.9 kg/m2 (P for trend < 0.001 for all). Among those aged 66 years, there were significant U‐shaped associations of BMI with CVDs and MI with nadir at a BMI of 23.0–24.9 kg/m2 (P for trend 0.013 and 0.017, respectively). WC was linearly associated with all study outcomes in both age groups (P for trend < 0.001). The impact of general and abdominal obesity on both study outcomes was more prominent in those aged 40 years than in those aged 66 years (P for interaction < 0.001).

Conclusions

To prevent cardiovascular risk, weight loss intervention should be cautiously implemented and individualized according to age. The maintenance of muscle mass may be essential in managing weight loss particularly in older population.
An MRI Study Combining Virtual Brain Grafting and Surface‐Based Morphometry Analysis to Investigate Contralateral Alterations in Cortical Morphology in Patients With Diffuse Low‐Grade Glioma
Authors: Zhang Simin , Sun Huaiqiang , Yang Xibiao , Wan Xinyue , Tan QiaoYue , Li Shuang , Shao Hanbin , Su Xiaorui , Yue Qiang , Gong Qiyong
Published: December 2022

Background

The human brain has ability to reorganize itself in response to glioma. However, the mechanism of cortical reorganization remains unclear.

Purpose

To investigate alterations in cortical thickness and local gyration index (LGI) in patients with unilateral frontal lobe diffuse low‐grade glioma (DLGG).

Study Type

Retrospective.

Subjects

Ninety‐nine patients with histopathologically proven DLGG invading the left frontal lobe (LF; N = 56) or the right frontal lobe (RF; N = 43), and healthy controls (HC; N = 53).

Field Strength/Sequence

3.0 T, 3D T1‐weighted images and gadolinium enhanced T1‐weighted images using magnetization‐prepared rapid gradient echo sequence, T2‐weighted images, and fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery using turbo spin echo sequence.

Assessment

In patients with DLGG, virtual brain grafting combined with Freesurfer was utilized to enable automated cortical thickness and LGI calculation. In HC, standard FreeSurfer pipeline was applied to calculate these measures. Radiomic features were extracted from glioma using Pyradiomic software.

Statistical Tests

General linear model and Pearson's correlation analysis. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

For LF patients, there was significantly increased cortical thickness in the rostral middle frontal gyrus, significantly reduced cortical thickness in the precentral gyrus and hypogyrification in the lingual and medial orbitofrontal (MOF) gyrus in contralateral hemisphere. For RF patients, there was significantly increased cortical thickness in the middle temporal, lateral occipital extending to isthmus cingulate gyrus, significantly reduced cortical thickness in the precentral gyrus and hypogyrification in the lingual gyrus in the contralateral hemisphere. A negative association between four textural features of DLGG and LGI in the right MOF gyrus of LF group was found (r = −0.609, −0.442, −0.545, and −0.417, respectively).

Data Conclusion

Cortical thickness compensation was shown in contralateral homotopic location and some distant contralateral regions. Additionally, there was decreased cortical thickness in the contralateral precentral gyrus and hypogyrification in contralateral lingual gyrus.

Evidence Level

4

Technical Efficacy

Stage 2
Changes in endemic patterns of respiratory syncytial virus infection in pediatric patients under the pressure of nonpharmaceutical interventions for COVID‐19 in Beijing, China
Authors: Jiang Ming‐Li , Xu Yan‐Peng , Wu Hui , Zhu Ru‐Nan , Sun Yu , Chen Dong‐Mei , Wang Fang , Zhou Yu‐Tong , Guo Qi , Wu Aiping , Qian Yuan , Zhou Hang‐Yu , Zhao Lin‐Qing
Published: December 2022

A series of nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) was launched in Beijing, China, on January 24, 2020, to control coronavirus disease 2019. To reveal the roles of NPIs on the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), respiratory specimens collected from children with acute respiratory tract infection between July 2017 and Dec 2021 in Beijing were screened by capillary electrophoresis‐based multiplex PCR (CEMP) assay. Specimens positive for RSV were subjected to a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and genotyped by G gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis using iqtree v1.6.12. The parallel and fixed (paraFix) mutations were analyzed with the R package sitePath. Clinical data were compared using SPSS 22.0 software. Before NPIs launched, each RSV endemic season started from October/November to February/March of the next year in Beijing. After that, the RSV positive rate abruptly dropped from 31.93% in January to 4.39% in February 2020; then, a dormant state with RSV positive rates ≤1% from March to September, a nearly dormant state in October (2.85%) and November (2.98%) and a delayed endemic season in 2020, and abnormal RSV positive rates remaining at approximately 10% in summer until September 2021 were detected. Finally, an endemic RSV season returned in October 2021. There was a game between Subtypes A and B, and RSV‐A replaced RSV‐B in July 2021 to become the dominant subtype. Six RSV‐A and eight RSV‐B paraFix mutations were identified on G. The percentage of severe pneumonia patients decreased to 40.51% after NPIs launched. NPIs launched in Beijing seriously interfered with the endemic season of RSV.
Tracking spatiotemporal evolution of cementitious carbonation via Raman imaging
Authors: Srivastava Sonali , Garg Nishant
Published: December 2022

Carbonation of cementitious systems is an important phenomenon from both durability (rebar corrosion) and greenhouse emissions (CO2 sequestration) perspectives. Several analytical techniques are well‐established for measuring the kinetics of this dynamic phenomenon, ranging from measuring the pH change to quantifying the calcite content over time. However, the majority of these methods (with the exception of electron imaging) rely on bulk measurements which may miss the fine, microstructural changes that occur during carbonation. In this study, we investigate and evaluate the potential of Raman imaging to follow the spatiotemporal evolution of carbonation in cementitious pastes. By analysing mm‐scale maps (1 mm × 1 mm) at the micron‐scale resolution, we find that nearly ~40% of the sample surface was covered with calcite at the end of a 2‐week carbonation exposure. Simultaneously, the portlandite content declined from ~15% to 5% in the same period, suggesting portlandite consumption for the sake of calcite growth. Finally, the difference between the calcite growth rate and portlandite consumption rate strongly suggests simultaneous carbonation of CSH and ettringite—a finding that is in agreement with recent experimental investigations of carbonation kinetics. Overall, these new results on the spatiotemporal evolution of cementitious microstructure pave the way for utilizing Raman imaging for understanding dynamic phenomena in complex systems.
Comparison of different analytical methods for speciation of seven gadolinium‐based magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents and the applications in wastewater and whole blood
Authors: Feng Shunqing , Shen Suyun , Yao Yao , Liang Minsi , Chen Yuxin , Liu Hongtao
Published: December 2022

Three methods, high‐performance liquid chromatography hyphenated with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry, and ion chromatography, were compared for simultaneous speciation of seven commercial gadolinium‐based contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. Optimizations of experimental conditions for individual method were conducted, respectively. Methods of high‐performance liquid chromatography hyphenated with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry showed the capability of speciation for all seven target compounds, whereas ion chromatography was only suitable for three of them when using electronic conductivity detector. The limits of detection and limits of qualification by the three methods were compared, and high‐performance liquid chromatography hyphenated with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was found to be the most sensitive one. The limits of detection for seven target compounds by high‐performance liquid chromatography hyphenated with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry were in the range of 0.15–0.55 pg. Thus, high‐performance liquid chromatography hyphenated with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was chosen as the final method and successfully applied to speciation analysis of seven gadolinium‐based contrast agents in wastewater and whole blood. Compounds of gadoxetic acid disodium, gadobenate dimeglumine, gadodiamide, and gadobentetate dimeglumine were found in wastewater.
The inside‐out surgical anatomy of the paraglottic space a video‐guided endoscopic dissection
Authors: Saleh Hazem Mohamed Aly , Seidel Nadja , Jöns Thomas , Mürbe Dirk , Nawka Tadeus
Published: December 2022

Objectives

The paraglottic space is an essential anatomic compartment of the larynx. It is central to the spread of laryngeal cancer and to the choice of conservative laryngeal surgery and many phonosurgical procedures. Since its description, 60 years ago, the surgical anatomy of the paraglottic space was sparsely revisited. Amid the era of endoscopic and transoral microscopic functional surgery of the larynx, we provide here a long‐awaited description of the inside‐out anatomy of the paraglottic space.

Methodology

Using an endoscope equipped with a 3D camera, we dissected 10 hemilarynges from 5 fresh frozen cadavers from the inside out. Before dissection, we labeled the vessels through injecting them with colored latex. We explored the paraglottic space emphasizing its shape, boundaries, and contents. We documented our findings through endoscopic photography and video recordings.

Results

The paraglottic space is a spacious tetrahedral space located parallel not only to the glottic, but also to the subglottic and the supraglottic compartments of the laryngeal lumen. It has musculo‐cartilaginous, musculo‐fibrous, and mucosal boundaries. It is separated from the pyriform sinus only by mucosa. A cushion of fat surrounds its vascular and to a lesser extent its neural contents. Harbored intrinsic laryngeal muscles are endoscopically identifiable within the space, namely the thyroarytenoid, the lateral, and posterior cricoarytenoid muscles.

Conclusion

The endoscopic description of the paraglottic space partly fills the knowledge gap on the laryngeal anatomy from the inside out. It opens the door for novel diagnostic methods and for ultraconservative functional laryngeal interventions under endoscopic control.

Level of Evidence

N/A
Comorbidity associated with worse outcomes in a population of limited cochlear implant performers
Authors: Lee Erika , Pisa Justyn , Hochman Jordan
Published: December 2022

Introduction

Most patients significantly benefit from cochlear implantation (CI). However, speech understanding varies widely, with a small proportion of patients demonstrating limited audiometric outcomes. While there are well‐documented determinants of poor performance, there remains a cohort of patients that do not meet expected outcomes. Preoperative prognostication is desirable to manage expectations, ensure value of the intervention, and reduce risk. The objective of the study is to evaluate variables found within a single CI center's most limited functioning cohort following implantation.

Methods

A retrospective review of a single CI program's cohort of (344 ears) patients implanted between 2011 and 2018 whose 1‐year postimplantation AzBio scores fall 2 SDs below the mean was performed. Exclusion criteria includes skullbase pathology, pre/peri‐lingual deafness, cochlear anatomic abnormalities, English as an additional language, and limited electrode insertion depth. Overall, 26 patients were identified.

Results

The study population's postimplantation net benefit AzBio score is 18% compared to the entire program's 47% (p < 0.05). This group is older (71.8 vs. 59.0 years, p < 0.05) with a longer duration of hearing loss (26.4 vs. 18.0 years, p < 0.05) and with a lower preoperative AzBio score [14% lower (p < 0.05)]. A host of medical conditions were identified in the subpopulation, with a trend towards significance in those suffering from either malignancy or cardiac condition. Escalating comorbid status was associated with worse performance (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Within a cohort of limited‐performing CI users, benefit tended to decrease with escalating number of comorbid conditions. This information may serve to inform preoperative patient counseling.

Level of evidence

Level IV (evidence from a case control study).
Evaluating YouTube videos on sialendoscopy as an educational resource for patients
Authors: Campbell Daniel J. , Xiao Kevin , Mastrolonardo Eric , Cognetti David M.
Published: December 2022

Objectives

Patients are increasingly relying on YouTube for health information. We objectively evaluated the quality and comprehensiveness of sialendoscopy YouTube videos available to patients. We further investigated the relationship between video content and video popularity.

Methods

We identified 150 videos using the search term “sialendoscopy.” Videos were excluded if they were lectures for medical professionals, operating room (OR) recordings, unrelated, non‐English, or non‐audio. Video quality and comprehensiveness were evaluated using modified DISCERN criterion (range: 5–25) and novel sialendoscopy criterion (NSC, range: 0–7), respectively. Secondary outcomes included standard video metrics and Video Power Index to measure popularity. Videos were classified binarily by uploader type as from an academic medical center or from other sources.

Results

Twenty‐two (14.7%) of 150 videos were included for review, with 7 (31.8%) uploaded from academic medical institutions. One hundred‐nine (72.7%) videos were excluded as lectures for medical professionals or OR recordings. Overall mean modified DISCERN (13.45 ± 3.42) and NSC (3.05 ± 0.96) scores were low; however, videos uploaded by academic medical institutions were significantly more comprehensive (NSC mean difference = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.16–1.80, p = .02). There were no significant correlations between video popularity and objective measures of quality or comprehensiveness.

Conclusions

This study highlights the paucity and low quality of sialendoscopy videos for patients. More popular videos are not higher quality, and most videos are targeted more toward physicians rather than patients. As YouTube becomes increasingly used by patients, there is opportunity for otolaryngologists to produce more informative videos for patients while implementing targeted strategies to increase viewership.

Level of Evidence

NA.
Assessing the impacts of anthropogenic sounds on early stages of benthic invertebrates: The “Larvosonic system”
Authors: Olivier Frédéric , Gigot Mathilde , Mathias Delphine , Jezequel Youenn , Meziane Tarik , L'Her Christophe , Chauvaud Laurent , Bonnel Julien
Published: December 2022

Noise produced by human activities has increased in the oceans over the last decades. Whereas most studies have focused on the impact of anthropogenic noise on marine mammals and fishes, those focusing on marine invertebrates are rarer and more recent, especially when considering peri‐metamorphic benthic stages, highly sensitive to anthropogenic perturbations. A careful review of the literature reveals a simplistic characterization of the acoustics within the containers used to quantify larval and juvenile responses to noise, thus weakening the conclusions of such works. To address this problem, we developed the Larvosonic system, a laboratory tank equipped with acoustic assets to assess the impacts of noise on young stages of marine invertebrates. We first provide a careful analysis of the tank sound field using different sound types, and we assess the effects of expanded polystyrene units on the sounds emitted by a professional audio system in order to dampen reverberation and resonance. Then, we apply this acoustic calibration to the effects of both pile driving and drilling noises on postlarvae of the scallop bivalve Pecten maximus. Acoustic recordings highlight that diffuser and bass trap components constitute effective underwater sound absorbents, reducing the reflection of the whole frequency bandwidth. Scallop experiments reveal that both type and level of the tested noise influenced postlarval growth, with interactive effects between trophic environment and noise level/spectra. The Larvosonic system thus constitutes an efficient tool for bioacoustics research on bentho‐planktonic invertebrate species.
Nonzero positive solutions of fractional Laplacian systems with functional terms
Authors: Biagi Stefano , Calamai Alessandro , Infante Gennaro
Published: December 2022

We study the existence of nonzero positive solutions of a class of systems of differential equations driven by fractional powers of the Laplacian. Our approach is based on the notion of fixed point index, and allows us to deal with nonlocal functional weights and functional boundary conditions. We present two examples to shed light on the type of functionals and growth conditions that can be considered with our approach.
Does product touch affect consumer attitude toward a product? Meta‐analysis of effect sizes, moderators, and mediators
Authors: Liu Wumei , Wu Feng , Awan Tahir Mumtaz
Published: December 2022

Consumers rely on physical touch in offline shopping and vicarious touch (i.e., imagining touch) in online shopping to develop their attitudes toward a product. The subject of how touching (versus not touching) affects consumer attitudes toward a product merits studying. However, past research has drawn controversial conclusions regarding the effect of product touch on consumer attitudes. This study conducted a meta‐analysis to resolve this inconsistency and explore the reasons for this inconsistency. It quantitatively analyzed 185 effect sizes in 42 empirical studies conducted between 2003 and 2022. In general, relative to not touching, touching had a positive effect on consumers' attitudes toward a product ( = 0.242, p < 0.001), and the effect size was moderate. Furthermore, the positive touch effect was mediated by consumers' cognitive experiences relating to the product and their affective experiences relating to the product. The cognitive path (total indirect effect = 0.068, p < 0.001) being stronger than the affective path (total indirect effect = 0.067, p < 0.001). Importantly, it showed that past inconsistency regarding the touch effect could be explained by moderators including product type (utilitarian versus hedonic), participants' uncertainty avoidance, and type of touch (physical touch versus vicarious touch). This study provides new insights into the product touch literature and offers valuable implications for online and offline retailing and consumer well‐being.
Metaverse marketing: How the metaverse will shape the future of consumer research and practice
Authors: Dwivedi Yogesh K. , Hughes Laurie , Wang Yichuan , Alalwan Ali A. , Ahn Sun J. (Grace) , Balakrishnan Janarthanan , Barta Sergio , Belk Russell , Buhalis Dimitrios , Dutot Vincent , Felix Reto , Filieri Raffaele , Flavián Carlos , Gustafsson Anders , Hinsch Chris , Hollensen Svend , Jain Varsha , Kim Jooyoung , Krishen Anjala S. , Lartey Jared O. , Pandey Neeraj , Ribeiro‐Navarrete Samuel , Raman Ramakrishnan , Rauschnabel Philipp A. , Sharma Amalesh , Sigala Marianna , Veloutsou Cleopatra , Wirtz Jochen
Published: December 2022

The initial hype and fanfare from the Meta Platforms view of how the metaverse could be brought to life has evolved into an ongoing discussion of not only the metaverse's impact on users and organizations but also the societal and cultural implications of widespread usage. The potential of consumer interaction with brands within the metaverse has engendered significant debate within the marketing‐focused discourse on the key challenges and transformative opportunities for marketers. Drawing on insights from expert contributors, this study examines the marketing implications of the hypothetical widespread adoption of the metaverse. We identify new research directions and propose a new framework offering valuable contributions for academia, practice, and policy makers. Our future research agenda culminates in a checklist for researchers which clarifies how the metaverse can be beneficial to digital marketing and advertising, branding, services, value creation, and consumer wellbeing.
Thermochromic Photonic Crystal Microspheres with Uniform Color Display and Wide Coloration Range
Authors: Jia Zhihan , Xie Rui , Hu Yaqin , Ju Xiaojie , Wang Wei , Liu Zhuang , Chu Liangyin
Published: December 2022

Thermochromic microspheres based on poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) attract much attention in detection and sensor due to the noticeable color response and fast response rate. However, some issues such as uneven color display and narrow coloration range still limit their practical applications. Herein, novel thermochromic microspheres with homogeneous color displays and wide thermochromic range are designed by combining the microfluidic technology with the magnetically‐induced self‐assembly technique and copolymerizing acrylamide (AM) with N‐isopropylacrylamide. The photonic crystal structure with especially even colors is fast and conveniently constructed by magnetic assembly. The addition of AM makes the microspheres more hydrophilic and thus leading to a broader coloration range. The relationship between the structural color display and both the microstructures of photonic crystals and the thermo‐responsive properties of gel matrix are elucidated. The detectable temperature of microspheres rises to as high as 60°C, and displays bright iridescent color variations from orange to blue‐violet in the heating process. Importantly, their shrinking or swelling equilibrium can be reached in 80 and 105 s. Such microspheres are successfully used to visually indicate the appropriate temperature of enzymatic reaction, and have great potential in practical applications such as visual temperature detection and efficiency monitoring of chemical reactions.
Mass spectrometry for metabolomics analysis: Applications in neonatal and cancer screening
Authors: Grooms Alexander J. , Burris Benjamin J. , Badu‐Tawiah Abraham K.
Published: December 2022

Chemical analysis by analytical instrumentation has played a major role in disease diagnosis, which is a necessary step for disease treatment. While the treatment process often targets specific organs or compounds, the diagnostic step can occur through various means, including physical or chemical examination. Chemically, the genome may be evaluated to give information about potential genetic outcomes, the transcriptome to provide information about expression actively occurring, the proteome to offer insight on functions causing metabolite expression, or the metabolome to provide a picture of both past and ongoing physiological function in the body. Mass spectrometry (MS) has been elevated among other analytical instrumentation because it can be used to evaluate all four biological machineries of the body. In addition, MS provides enhanced sensitivity, selectivity, versatility, and speed for rapid turnaround time, qualities that are important for instance in clinical procedures involving the diagnosis of a pediatric patient in intensive care or a cancer patient undergoing surgery. In this review, we provide a summary of the use of MS to evaluate biomarkers for newborn screening and cancer diagnosis. As many reviews have recently appeared focusing on MS methods and instrumentation for metabolite analysis, we sought to describe the biological basis for many metabolomic and additional omics biomarkers used in newborn screening and how tandem MS methods have recently been applied, in comparison to traditional methods. Similar comparison is done for cancer screening, with emphasis on emerging MS approaches that allow biological fluids, tissues, and breath to be analyzed for the presence of diagnostic metabolites yielding insight for treatment options based on the understanding of prior and current physiological functions of the body.
Retiring mental health champion cites key to future gains: Bipartisanship
Authors: Enos Gary
Published: December 2022

Reflecting on his role in advancing the Certified Community Behavioral Health Clinic (CCBHC) concept that is setting the national standard for coordinated mental health care, retiring U.S. Sen. Roy Blunt (R‐Mo.) was quick to praise an ally from the other side of the aisle.
HHS releases policies to expand behavioral health care access
Authors: Canady Valerie A.
Published: December 2022

The Biden‐Harris administration released the 2024 Notice of Benefit and Payment Parameters Proposed Rule on Dec. 12. The rule is designed to advance the administration's work of building on the Affordable Care Act's initiatives to provide and expand access to quality health care options for millions of consumers. The proposed rule would increase access to health care services, simplify consumers’ choices, improve the plan selection process and reduce consumer barriers, according to a news release from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).
Determinants and impact of diagnostic interval in bone sarcomas: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Sasi Archana , Ganguly Shuvadeep , Biswas Bivas , Pushpam Deepam , Kumar Akash , Agarwala Sandeep , Khan Shah Alam , Kumar Venkatesan Sampath , Deo Suryanarayana , Sharma Daya Nand , Bakhshi Sameer
Published: December 2022

Background

Diagnostic delays in cancers are frequent in developing countries due to poor health infrastructure. Existing literature from developed countries suggests that diagnostic interval in bone sarcomas is primarily dictated by tumour biology with no impact on survival. This study evaluates the social and biological determinants of the diagnostic interval in bone sarcomas in a resource‐challenged setting and assesses its impact on treatment outcomes.

Methods

A retrospective single‐institutional study was conducted on patients with high‐grade bone sarcomas recorded in the sarcoma clinic database between 2003 and 2018. Baseline clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes were recorded. Logistic regression was performed to assess the impact of baseline clinical and social characteristics (distance from treating centre and rural vs. urban residence) on the diagnostic interval. Further, the impact of diagnostic interval on histologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, amputation requirement in extremity sarcomas and survival was evaluated.

Results

A total of 1227 patients were included for analysis. The median diagnostic interval was 4 months (3–7 months). Age above 18 years, Ewing sarcoma (ES) diagnosis, absence of fever at presentation and tumour size above 7.5 cm were predictors of a longer diagnostic interval (>4 months). The length of the diagnostic interval did not impact amputation requirement or survival outcomes. However, the proportion of patients with good necrosis post‐neoadjuvant chemotherapy was lower among patients with longer diagnostic intervals (25% vs. 34·16%; p‐value = .04).

Conclusion

Tumour characteristics rather than social factors determined the diagnostic interval. Diagnostic interval did not impact survival outcomes even in a resource‐constrained setting.
Unimpaired highly extensible tough chemically crosslinked hydrogel after experiencing freeze/thaw and boiling processes
Authors: Cotner Stella N. , Shams Es‐haghi Siamak
Published: December 2022

A highly extensible, tough, chemically crosslinked double‐network (DN) hydrogel was synthesized from acrylamide. Three samples of this hydrogel were swelled using different solutions. One swelled in water, one in an aqueous glycerol solution, and one in an aqueous sodium chloride solution. The freezing points of the hydrogel samples were determined using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Then, the samples underwent controlled freeze–thaw cycles, and their mechanical behavior under loading‐unloading‐reloading large‐strain tensile deformation were analyzed. The results of these mechanical tests indicated that all the data points for deformation cycles coincided, despite the large water content of the samples. This means that no mechanical damage occurred during the deformation process. The results of hydrogel samples boiled in these solutions also showed no damage. Thus, it can be concluded that the tough chemically crosslinked DN hydrogel does not damage under large‐strain tensile deformations even after experiencing harsh environmental conditions, such as freeze/thaw or boiling processes, which makes it a great candidate for applications that involve large temperature variations. The resistance of the DN hydrogel to damage is attributed to the specific molecular architecture of this hydrogel, in that the building block of this material is a loosely crosslinked polymeric network.
Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ): Adaptation, validation, and development of a short form in the Chinese context for mathematics
Authors: Wang Faming , Jiang Chunlian , King Ronnel B. , Leung Shing On
Published: December 2022

The Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) is one of the most widely used instruments to measure students' motivation and self‐regulated learning. However, the MSLQ was developed and has been predominantly used in the Western context, is a domain‐general measure, and is quite lengthy. Hence, adapting the MSLQ to the Chinese educational context, validating its application in specific subjects, and developing a short form would be an optimal way to improve its accessibility. This study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the MSLQ in mathematics learning (i.e., MSLQ‐C) and develop a short form (i.e., MSLQ‐CS) using set exploratory structural equation modeling. The sample consisted of 563 senior secondary students in China. Results demonstrated that both MSLQ‐C and MSLQ‐CS showed acceptable construct validity, reliability, and concurrent validity. Furthermore, structural relationships and interrelationships among the subscales and their relationships with mathematics achievement were highly similar for MSLQ‐C and MSLQ‐CS. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Morphologically controlled synthesis, characterization, and applications of molybdenum oxide (MoO3) nanoparticles
Authors: Jamil Saba , Zahra Ghulam , Janjua Muhammad Ramzan Saeed Ashraf
Published: December 2022

Molybdenum nanoparticles are used as additives in alloys for various applications, such as or in corrosive or high‐vacuum environment. Their properties are completely different than the properties in their bulk. Molybdenum nanoparticles were prepared by hydrothermal technique. MoO3 synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV‐visible spectroscopy, SEM, TEM, and XRD. MoO3 had shown its maximum adsorption at wavelength 560 nm. Surface morphology of synthesized MoO3 was studied by using SEM, which showed that MoO3 nanoparticles have shown outgrowth at the edges of strands, while grain size, shape, and distribution was confirmed with TEM, which revealed that the synthesized nanoparticles are fiddle and thin in nature and these particles are made of joint nanosheets. Furthermore, the structure elucidation of synthesized nanoparticles was done by using the XRD calculations, which confirmed that the synthesized particles are MoO3 without impurities. Moreover, MoO3 nanoparticles can be used for photocatalytic properties and biological application.
N‐terminal β‐strand in YAP is critical for stronger binding to scalloped relative to TEAD transcription factor
Authors: Bokhovchuk Fedir , Mesrouze Yannick , Meyerhofer Marco , Fontana Patrizia , Zimmermann Catherine , Villard Frédéric , Erdmann Dirk , Kallen Joerg , Scheufler Clemens , Velez‐Vega Camilo , Chène Patrick
Published: December 2022

The yes‐associated protein (YAP) regulates the transcriptional activity of the TEAD transcription factors that are key in the control of organ morphogenesis. YAP interacts with TEAD via three secondary structure elements: a β‐strand, an α‐helix, and an Ω‐loop. Earlier results have shown that the β‐strand has only a marginal contribution in the YAP:TEAD interaction, but we show here that it significantly enhances the affinity of YAP for the Drosophila homolog of TEAD, scalloped (Sd). Nuclear magnetic resonance shows that the β‐strand adopts a more rigid conformation once bound to Sd; pre‐steady state kinetic measurements show that the YAP:Sd complex is more stable. Although the crystal structures of the YAP:TEAD and YAP:Sd complexes reveal no differences at the binding interface that could explain these results. Molecular Dynamics simulations are in line with our experimental findings regarding β‐strand stability and overall binding affinity of YAP to TEAD and Sd. In particular, RMSF, correlated motion and MMGBSA analyses suggest that β‐sheet fluctuations play a relevant role in YAP53‐57 β‐strand dissociation from TEAD4 and contribute to the lower affinity of YAP for TEAD4. Identifying a clear mechanism leading to the difference in YAP's β‐strand stability proved to be challenging, pointing to the potential relevance of multiple modest structural changes or fluctuations for regulation of binding affinity.
Growth Conditions and Substrate Misorientation Angle Dependences of Silicon Incorporation in Chemical Vapor Deposition Diamond
Authors: Lobaev Mikhail Aleksandrovich , Gorbachev Alexey Mikhailovich , Radishev Dmitry Borisovich , Vikharev Anatoly Leontievich , Bogdanov Sergey Aleksandrovich , Isaev Vladimir Aleksandrovich , Drozdov Mikhail Nikolaevich
Published: December 2022

The results of a study of the incorporation of silicon in diamond depending on the growth conditions of epitaxial layers in a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) reactor in a gas mixture of hydrogen, methane, and silane are presented. A detailed study of the effect of methane and silane flows, substrate temperature, gas mixture pressure, and substrate misorientation angle has been carried out. The influence of the surface misorientation angle on the formation of silicon‐vacancy (SiV) centers in diamond has been studied. It has been found that the carbon content in the gas mixture has a significant effect on the incorporation of silicon into diamond. Studies of the CVD growth of silicon‐doped diamond are carried out simultaneously with studies of the optical spectra of plasma emission in the reactor. The content of silicon in plasma is compared with content of silicon incorporated into diamond during CVD synthesis. The most efficient formation of SiV centers is observed for substrate misorientation angles from 2° to 4°.