bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Desarrollo de los bosques de Lenga (Nothofagus pumilio) después de la corta de regeneración = Development of Nothofagus pumilio forest after a regeneration cut
Authors: Silva Aguad Claudia Patricia , Schmidt Andreas , Schmidt Van Marle Harlad
Published: July 2021

En Magallanes los bosques de lenga aptos para la producción de madera son del orden de 500.000 ha. Desde 1991 los bosques que se intervienen se manejan con cortas de protección. Hasta la fecha se han intervenido cerca de 30.000 ha bajo este sistema. En este trabajo se analiza las modificaciones que se producen en los bosques intervenidos a existencias, estabilidad y crecimiento del dosel de protección y la regeneración durante un período de 14 años después de la corta de la regeneración. El estudio se realizó en bosques manejados de las empresas Forestal y Ganadera Monte Alto y Salfa en la provincia de Última Esperanza en la Región de Magallanes. Los bosques corresponden a sitios de 22 a 24 m de altura, en ellos se analiza el desarrollo en una secuencia de cuatro situaciones: un rodal no intervenido como testigo y tres rodales en los que se hizo la corta de regeneración hace 3 años, 8 años y 14 años . La intensidad de la corta fue del orden de 40% en área basal. En el último rodal, se efectuó además la corta final del dosel de protección, 11 años después de la corta de regeneración.
Diagnóstico de plagas y enfermedades forestales en Costa Rica = Forestry pests and diseases diagnosis in Costa Rica
Authors: Arguedas Marcela
Published: July 2021

Desde 1984, a través del Laboratorio de Protección Forestal del Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica se realiza el diagnóstico nacional de plagas y enfermedades forestales en el país. Se informa de un total de 486 especies de insectos (75%), 131 de patógenos (20%), 25 de animales vertebrados (4%) y 9 de muérdagos (1%) en 109 especies árboreas. Los informes se clasifican de acuerdo a la parte del árbol afectada; en el follaje se presentan la mayor parte de dichos informes (52,8%), seguido del fuste (16,4%). Se describen los principales problemas en estructuras reproductivas, follaje, brotes, fuste, ramillas y raíces, como Hyblaea puera y varias especies de crisomélidos en Tectona grandis, Dictyla monotropidia en Cordia alliodora, "royas" de follaje y ramillas (Puccinia cordiae, Melampsoridium alni, Olivea tectonae, Prospodium sp. y Gymnosporangium sp.), barrenadores de brotes (Hypsipylla grandella y Cosmopteryx sp.), el "descortezador" Scolytodes alni en Alnus acuminata, barrenadores (varias especies de cerambícidos) y cancros (Chrysoporte cubensis, Botryosphaeria sp., Nectria sp., Seiridiun sp.) en el fuste y pudriciones radicales.
Control genético de la adaptación a la sequía de Pinus pinaster a través del análisis de microdensidad = Genetic control of adaptation to drought in Pinus pinaster trough analysis of microdensity
Authors: Sanchez Vargas Nahum M. , Sanchez Leopoldo , Vargas Hernández Jesús , Bastien Catherine C. , Rozenberg Philippe P.
Published: July 2021

Se propone un método para sincronizar las características del anillo con eventos climáticos durante la correspondiente estación de crecimiento. Este método se basa en la asunción de que los picos de densidad a lo largo del anillo pueden ser relacionados a eventos de sequía relativos a lo largo de la correspondiente estación de crecimiento. Así, es posible construir un modelo que explique la variación de extremos relativos de densidad dentro del anillo usando la variación de los correspondientes extremos relativos en un índice de sequía dentro de la estación de crecimiento. Tales modelos fueron estimados para pino marítimo de Francia
El género Prosopis valioso recurso forestal de las zonas áridas y semiáridas de América, Asia y Africa
Authors: Barros Asenjo Santiago
Published: July 2021

El género Prosopis, familia Leguminosae o Fabaceae, subfamilia Mimosoideae, está presente en forma natural en las zonas aridas y semiáridas de África, América y Asia. Consta de 44 especies, arbustivas y arbóreas, que taxonómicamente han sido divididas en 5 secciones. Tres especies son nativas de Asia, una de África y las restantes cuarenta de América, principalmente Sudamérica.
Selección de nuevas especies para zonas con déficit hídrico
Authors: Gutiérrez Caro Braulio , Molina Brand María Paz , Barros Asenjo Santiago
Published: July 2021

Se evalúan preliminarmente los resultados de tres ensayos de especies y progenies de las especies Eucalyptus camaldulensis, E. cladocalyx, E. diversicolor, E. sideroxylon, E, tereticornis, E. tricarpa y Corymbia maculata, a dos y tres años de edad en la Región de Coquimbo, y de tres ensayos clonales de Eucalyptus camaldulensis a 10 meses de edad en las Regiones de Coquimbo y Valparaíso
Productividad animal, en un sistema silvopastoral con la especie Pinus contorta Doug. Ex. Loud., en relación a un manejo ganadero sin árboles, en la región de Aysén, Chile
Authors: Sotomayor Garretón Alvaro , Teuber Winkler Osvaldo Roberto , Moya Navarro Iván Alberto , Almonacid Patricio
Published: July 2021

Durante cuatro temporadas, entre los años 2004 a 2008, se estudió el comportamiento de la productividad animal, con bovinos, bajo dos esquemas de manejo silvopastoral; con distribución homogénea de los árboles y con fajas alternadas, en relación a un sistema ganadero sin árboles, en la región de Aysén, Chile. Los resultados obtenidos, indican que no se presentaron diferencias significativas entre los tratamientos en relación a la producción animal, durante las cuatro temporadas evaluadas, aunque con una leve superioridad en la productividad total a favor del tratamiento silvopastoral en fajas alternadas
Apuntes sobre una gira de estudio sobre el Piñón del Pino piñonero (Pinus pinea) a Italia, España y Portugal
Authors: Loewe Muñoz Verónica Francisca , González González Marlene Verónica
Published: July 2021

El trabajo presenta los antecedentes recogidos por temática, distinguiéndose las principales diferencias por país, agrupadas en Manejo, tanto en bosques naturales (regeneración natural, manejo, podas y raleos, cosecha de piñas, cosecha de madera) como en plantaciones (establecimiento, siembra directa, plantación, podas y raleos, injertos, cosecha); Sanidad; Productividad en bosques naturales y en plantaciones, sin injertar e injertadas; Elaboración del piñón, describiendo dos tipos principales, la elaboración tradicional, común en empresas medianas y pequeñas, y la elaboración industrial, común en empresas medianas y grandes, así como los subproductos de la elaboración; Mercado del piñón, respecto de productos, producción, demanda, comercio exterior, comercialización, características de los consumidores, formatos de venta, productos competidores, costos de producción, precios, estándares de calidad para el comercio internacional de piñones; y finalmente, Conclusiones
Marco legal del uso silvopastoril de bosques de Ñire y la implementación de la Ley Nacional 26.331 en Chubut y Tierra del Fuego
Authors: Picco Omar Anibal
Published: July 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo es indagar en la estructura legal vigente a nivel nacional y en las provincias de Tierra del Fuego y Chubut; y analizar si constituye un marco apropiado para la implementación de las medidas previstas en la nueva Ley de Presupuestos Mínimos de Protección Ambiental de Bosques Nativos, N° 26.331.
Caracterización socioeconómica de productores rurales con miras al uso combinado de productos forestales tradicionales y no tradicionales, Chile central
Authors: Muñoz Saldaña Mercedes , Glaría Violeta , Celis Francia , Cruz Madariaga Gustavo
Published: July 2021

El objetivo del estudio es desarrollar un modelo de Uso Combinado para obtener productos forestales tradicionales (leña/carbón, biomasa quillay-boldo) y no tradicionales (ecoturismo, plantas medicinales, apicultura y otros) en el Matorral y Bosque Esclerófilo de Chile central. El modelo estará constituido con información proveniente de las realidades locales particulares de aquellos propietarios que desarrollan su vivir a partir de los elementos presentes en sus respectivos predios. Por lo tanto, es parte clave del estudio el rescate de conocimiento histórico y el desarrollo potencial de las capacidades técnicas de quienes habitan estos predios, considerando la vulnerabilidad de estos ecosistemas, desde la perspectiva de la biodiversidad y su conservación
Pertinencia ocupacional de los administradores financieros de la Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios (vicerrectoría Bogotá sur) desde el año 2015
Authors: Serrano Junco Claudia , Mateus Duran Diana , Bermúdez Gómez Mary , Bernal González Miguel , Pinzón Pedraza Luz
Published: July 2021

Para las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) es importante realizar seguimiento a los graduados con el fin de garantizar el desarrollo progresivo de educación hacia estándares de alta calidad. Adicional, según lo suscrito en los Decretos 2566 del 10 de septiembre de 2003 y el 1001 del 03 de abril de 2006, enmarcados bajo la Ley 30 de 1992; es necesario contar con un acompañamiento y seguimiento a todos sus graduados; además, es deber de las instituciones graduar estudiantes que sean pertinentes en el mercado laboral. Por tal razón, en el presente artículo, se exponen los resultados de una investigación con enfoque mixto que permite medir las variables de un grupo determinado; para ello se usaron métodos estadísticos, y a partir de este análisis, se establecieron conclusiones respecto a las hipótesis planteadas. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron diagnosticar la pertinencia ocupacional de los graduados del programa de administración financiera de la Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios (Uniminuto) vicerrectoría Bogotá sur desde el año 2015.
Economía circular, aproximación a un modelo para Pymes exportadoras
Authors: Jiménez Vega Rafael , Hernández Villamizar John , López Rodríguez Siris
Published: July 2021

El objetivo del artículo es realizar una aproximación a un modelo que pueda ser usado por las pequeñas y medianas empresas (Pymes) que buscan oportunidades de optimizar el uso de materias primas, el diseño de eco-productos y ampliar las políticas internas que cambien pensamientos de compartir en vez de adquirir. Asimismo, transformar modelos tradicionales de consumo lineal e ingresar a una economía que aprovecha todos los recursos, manteniéndolos útiles por mayor tiempo. El método desarrollado en el artículo fue la búsqueda de información a nivel nacional e internacional, es decir, qué modelos se estaban aplicando y cómo se podrían ajustar a las Pymes colombianas. En ese sentido, el resultado de mayor importancia fue generalizar un método para las eco-industrias, basadas en la aplicación de tecnologías amigables con el medio ambiente y a la sustentabilidad.
Género y registro del evangelio de Marcos desde la perspectiva sociolingüística
Authors: Delgado Gómez Alfredo
Published: July 2021

La identificación del género literario del evangelio de Marcos sigue siendo un problema abierto. La sociolingüística aporta herramientas como son los conceptos de registro, género, estilo, etc., que pueden poner luz en este callejón sin salida. Este artículo presenta la relación sinérgica que se establece al analizar el registro y el género del evangelio de Marcos. Esta relación permite comprender mejor la acción social que quiere desarrollar el evangelista con su texto en su comunidad. Existen diferentes géneros posibles como candidatos para el evangelio de Marcos, sin embargo se propone que el análisis y la comparación de éstos, ha de tener en cuenta la relación que se establece entre el género, el registro y el estilo de los mismos, para poder desde ahí realizar una propuesta sobre el género del evangelio de Marcos. El registro del evangelio se presenta como narrativo, histórico, religioso y judío, y su género cercano a la historiografía y las biografías de la antigüedad. La conexión de estos dos factores permite entender mejor su género y desechar otras propuestas.
La génesis del rito bautismal cristiano
Authors: Álvarez Cineira David
Published: July 2021

La dificultad de rastrear los orígenes del rito iniciático cristiano del bautismo ha llevado a buscar ciertas analogías en las religiones mistéricas del mundo greco-romano y, especialmente, en el mundo judío (los ritos de purificación del mar Muerto o en el baño de inmersión de los gentiles). Sin embargo, será la praxis bautismal de Juan la que se convierta en modelo inspirador del bautismo cristiano tras la Pascua, el cual llegará a ser el rito iniciático por excelencia de las primitivas comunidades cristianas para la incorporación de nuevos miembros. Para su adopción pospacual influyó de forma relevante el bautismo de Jesús a manos de Juan, para otorgarle un nuevo significado al realizarse en el “nombre de Jesús”.
Fray Alonso de Veracruz y el Compendio de todos los privilegios de los religiosos
Authors: Campo del Pozo Fernando
Published: July 2021

El tema de los privilegios de los religiosos fue un tema importante el siglo XVI con fray Alonso de Veracruz para la evangelización de las Indias y lo sigue siendo, como un acto administrativo y gracia de facultades especiales en el Código de 1983, cc. 76-84, con un fin pastoral bajo el control de la autoridad eclesiástica competente. no se trata de un “arbitrarismo de la autoridad”, ni una concesión “nepotista” sino un reconocimiento de la variedad de casos concretos a los que hay que atender con caridad y humanismo, según las circunstancias, como lo defendió fray Alonso de Veracruz con su Manual que sirvió de guía a los misioneros del siglo XVI y después. Siguen estando en vigencia muchos privilegios de las órdenes mendicantes que no han sido derogados.
Sabarimala
Authors: Pandimakil G. Peter
Published: July 2021

Mientras las peregrinaciones constituyen prácticas importantes de todas las religiones, el hinduismo las considera tan significativas que estas se realizan con restricciones rigurosas. En el caso de la peregrinación a Sabarimala, en el estado de Kerala de India, los peregrinos observan un voto de abstinencia y austeridad que dura 41 días consecutivos. Según la tradición, el peregrinaje excluye a mujeres con edades comprendidas entre los 10 y los 50 años, pues ellas están en su periodo fértil y, en consecuencia, no pueden observar las reglas de abstinencia sexual requeridas por la divinidad de Ayyappa quien es un célibe perpetuo.A pesar de la tradición local vigorosa, incluso durante el periodo colonial, un grupo de abogadas jóvenes consideran esta práctica en contra de la constitución vigente de la India. Una petición oficial presentada por este grupo ha encontrado recientemente la aprobación de la corte suprema, pues la exclusión de las mujeres del peregrinaje suponen un rechazo de losvalores constitucionales: justicia, igualdad, libertad, fraternidad. Los defensores de la práctica argumentan que está en sintonía con los valores religiosos del hinduismo, pero la decisión de la corte suprema rechaza la moralidad social/religiosa e impone la ley constitucional.Esta situación ha intensificado el conflicto político entre los diferentes partidos que lucharon durante las elecciones parlamentarias, en las que el actual primer ministro, Narendra Modi, obtuvo una mayoría parlamentaria. Pero su partido, que defendía la tradición, no logró ni un escaño en el estado de Kerala, al igual que el partido del actual gobierno del estado que abogaba por una renovación de los valores en contra de la tradición, obtuvo un solo escaño de los 20 escaños posibles. Los ganadores fueron los que mantuvieron una posición ambivalente: la exclusión de mujeres fértiles del peregrinaje es legítima por costumbres morales y religiosas, pero la igualdad y dignidad de todas las personas tienen prioridad. Esta no se realiza mediante la imposición de la ley, sino mediante la reforma de las prácticas religiosas en diálogo con los peregrinos. No toda la sociedad apoya esta postura ambigua, que al parecer ha sido la triunfadora en las recientes elecciones.Este artículo estudia este conjunto complejo de costumbres, leyes y política, apoyando la agenda de transformación social abogada por el tribunal supremo. Pero al mismo tiempo argumenta que las religiones (en este caso el hinduismo) facilitan prácticas discriminatorias, exclusivas y restrictivas de la libertad y dignidad de la persona. El tribunal tendrá entonces la obligación de clarificar el principio de prácticas esenciales de la religión que se utiliza a menudo en juicios de cuestiones religiosas en la India. Además, en conflictos de este tipo, es necesario optar por una armonía entre los niveles constitucional, social y religioso de la moralidad, lo cual no ha sido el caso en la toma de postura de la corte suprema.
Aproximación al pensamiento teológico de Epicteto
Authors: Antolín Sánchez Javier
Published: July 2021

Epicteto es un pensador de la escuela tardía estoica, el llamado estoicismo romano y vivió del año 50 al 135. Su pensamiento se caracteriza por la gran impronta teológica, pues constantemente se refiere a Dios como el fundamento de su filosofía. Aunque Epicteto es fiel a la tradición materialista estoica, en muchas de las referencias a Dios, aunque no rompe con el pensamiento clásico, sobresale por darle un toque personalista a Dios, que le aproxima bastante al cristianismo. Después de una breve reseña de su vida e influencias filosóficas, presentamos su pensamiento teológico centrándonos sobre todo en sus Disertaciones, y podemos concluir diciendo que Epicteto, más que a ningún otro estoico, se le podría aplicar el título de teólogo, pues la referencia a lo divino es central para su filosofía.
Ultrasound Measurement of Endometrial Thickness for Detecting Endometrial Malignancy with Uterine Bleeding in Postmenopausal Women- A Systematic Review
Authors: Iqbal Alia , Murrium Syeda Khadija-Tul-Sughra , Yaseen Maria , Shakeel Kiran , Iqbal Muhammad Zafar
Published: July 2021

Background: Post-menopausal Bleeding is extremely doubtful of existence a mark intended for incidence of EC as well as around 5% to 12% of post-menopausal bleeding consequences commencing endometrial cancer. EC is greatest communal Gynecologic Malignancy into established countries. Thin endometrium (≤4 mm) devours precise high NPV (99%). Thickened Endometrium has been considered by way of sign intended for an offensive assessment. Aim: To determine the ET measurement for detecting endometrial malignancy with uterine bleeding in post-menopausal females. Methods: The search was led according to Systematic Reviews Ethics. Searched databases were: Google scholar and Web Research from January 2014 and November 2020. Around nine studies were designated for this Systemic Review. We mined subsequent facts: Design of study, mean age and range, menopause duration, range and mean, BMI range and mean, as well as ET range and mean. Conclusion: From beyond examination this review concluded that, the Endometrial Thickness among the suggested alteration in cut off 3-5 mm within repetitive ultrasound practice must be ended in elevation threat females identify for malignancy before in Postmenopausal females as well as ultrasound is attested chosen a convenient implement to diagnose. Keywords: Post-menopausal Bleeding, Endometrial Thickness, Endometrial Cancer.
Cell-phone Addiction Amongst Medical students: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Tariq Faiza Javaid , Bin Irfan Abdur Rahman , Daud Seema
Published: July 2021

Background: Cellular phone has become an integral part of our daily lives. Almost all medical students use it to perform various functions, from networking to use of different application. Aim: To observe the ill effects of problematic cell phone use amongst medical students. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 4th year MBBS at Lahore medical and dental college during January to April 2019. A questionnaire was used having a 7 scale Likert and frequencies of result were given in form of pie chart, bar chart and a table. Results: It was seen that almost half of the class have some tendency towards developing cell phone addiction. 47.2% were males and 52.8% were females who participated in this study. More than half i.e. 51.4% and 59% agreed to have urge to use phone and to frequently check their phone, respectively. A collective 54.9% showed distraction from their studies while being constantly using phone. Conclusion: Cellphone addiction among medical student is rising, some patterns of this problematic use still needs to be explored further and guidelines need to be provided so as to improve the overall wellbeing of students from the ill effects of their phone use. And developing habits which would improve their lifestyle and do not add to their stresses. Keywords: Cellphone, Medical students, Addiction
Metabolic Abnormalities in Hypertensive patients and their Risk Factors
Authors: Ashraf M. Imran , Rana Shazana , Makhtar M. Salee , Afzal Adnan , Suhail Bushra , Mukhtar Sara , Fatima Javaria , Shahzad Asif , Shaukat Amal
Published: July 2021

Background: Metabolic syndrome is a disorder which is categorized by the presence of various features like hypertension, obesity, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. One of the basic features of this syndrome is hypertension that may lead to increased incidence of cardiovascular incidents. Aim: To determine the gender based comparison of metabolic syndrome among the hypertensive patients who reported in the outpatient department. Study Time: The present study was conducted from January 2019 to June 2019 over a period of six months. Methods: Known hypertensive patients aged between 20 to 50 years who fulfilled the selection criteria were included in this study. After informed written consent, the physical examination and required laboratory investigation were done. The data was entered and analysed by using SPSS version 23 Mean±standard deviation was recorded for the quantitative variables while frequency was utilized for the qualitative variable. The p-value of ≤0.05 was taken as significant. Results: A total of 85 known patients of hypertension were included in the study comprising (70.12%) males and (35.40%) females. They were evaluated for the metabolic syndrome using the Adult Treatment Panel III- A (ATP –III A) criteria. Their blood pressure was recorded and fasting blood sample were taken to determine the levels of serum glucose, HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride. Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome is more prevalent in the hypertensive patients Keywords: Metabolic syndrome, Hypertension, Dyslipidemia
HYDROBIOLOGICAL STUDY OF BURHI GANDAK RIVER NEAR URBAN AREA AT SAMASTIPUR (BIHAR)
Authors: Kumar Sarvesh
Published: July 2021

Hydrobiological studies of Burhi Gandak river were carried out for a period of one year from March, 2019 to February, 2020 at two stations of urban area of Samastipur town, Bihar. The parameters taken included the water temperature, transparency, pH, dissolved oxygen, magnesium, and calcium. These properties were analyzed and compared with
standard values recommended by bureau of Indian standards and world health organization. Present investigation was undertaken to ascertain the water quality status of Burhi Gandak river at Samastipur town. The results revealed that there were significant seasonal variations in most of the parameters; water was found to be hard, polluted and not suitable for domestic, agricultural and fish growth.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MICROBIOME OF THE MAIN BIOTOPES OF THE CASPIAN SEAL
Authors: СУЛЕЙМЕНОВА С.А. , КАСЫМБЕКОВ Е.Т. , КАРАМЕНДИН К.О. , КЫДЫРМАНОВ А.И. , ГУДМАН С.
Published: July 2021

В статье приведены результаты метабаркодирования ДНК микробиома респираторного, урогенитального и желудочно-кишечного трактов каспийского тюленя. Показан профиль микробиома каспийского тюленя и отмечено отсутствие возбудителей бактериальных зоонозов в их бета-сообществе микробиотов.

The article presents the results of metabarcoding of the microbiome DNA of the respiratory, urogenital and gastrointestinal tracts of the Caspian seal. The microbiome profile of the Caspian seal is shown, and the absence of pathogens of bacterial zoonoses in their beta microbiota community is noted. Key words: Caspian seal, metagenome, microbiome, sequencing.
Intelligent Process Automation of Industries Using Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
Authors: Fabrocini Filippo
Published: July 2021

The application of Disruptive Technologies (DT), using Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML), is still a challenge for many industries in the modern age. Quick transformation of business’ models and enhancement of consumer expectation are fundamental elements of Intelligent Process Automation (IPA) to boosting delivery and production of goods and services. In this research contribution, we will evaluate IPAs and their influence in the management of industries. In that case, major elements of AI and ML will be discussed comprehensively. Areas of application and analysis will be discussed in relation to digital industries. The results in this contribution will be used as a recommend action plan for industries to enhance their management and optimization when it comes to AI and ML.
Unilateral congenital lunate absence: A case report
Authors: Newcomb Alden H. , Frankenhoff Jessica
Published: July 2021

Isolated congenital aplasia of carpal bones in the absence of an associated congenital syndrome is exceedingly rare. Since the first documented case report of congenital carpal bone absence in 1911, only 12 additional case reports have been published. Here we present a case report of an otherwise healthy 43-year-old male with unilateral congenital absence of the lunate, which has only been previously reported once in the literature.
Low-cost device for active saliva droplet filtration and pathogen inactivation
Authors: Castaldo Fernando Cardoso , Pedotti Luciane Agnoletti dos Santos , Monteiro Tania Lucia , Kovalhuk Gabriel , Góes Rafael  Eleodoro de , Spindola Isabelly Behlau , Lugarini Alan , Franco Admilson Teixeira , Kozlik Junior Antonio , Couto Gustavo Henrique
Published: July 2021

This work presents a device capable of performing sanitization in environments using an electrostatic filter and ultraviolet light. Recognized techniques were employed in an innovative and low-cost construction model, like Corona Discharge and UVC germicidal light, using elements of easy acquisition and construction. The device consists of a tube with several electrostatic filters. On one side of the tube, an exhaust fan is installed to collect the air to be disinfected. So the air passes through the tubes with the electrostatic filter, which is responsible for collecting the particles suspended in the passing air, attracting them to the metal surface. Allied with this, UVC lights are also inserted in the structure, ensuring greater effectiveness in decontaminating the air that passes through the tubes. In the posterior side to the exhaust fan, the disinfected air is returned to the original environment. A Fluid dynamics simulation was made to investigate the airflow in a room. Standard strains for antimicrobial susceptibility testing were used for bioaerosols assay. The result is a low-cost equipment with great potential to deactivate several kinds of viruses, most especially the Sars-CoV-2 (Coronavirus), that is the main responsible for the global health crisis, designed to be used indoors with low ventilation.
Assessing vaccination strategies for the COVID-19 epidemic in Minas Gerais (Brazil)
Authors: Marchesin Marcelo Domingos , Sabeti Mehran
Published: July 2021

In this work we analyze the effectiveness of vaccination strategies for the COVID-19 epidemic in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. Firstly we study the effectiveness of general vaccination in the decreasing of the number of infected individuals using a traditional non structured SEIR model. Secondly we consider an age-structured SEIR model with three age classes (youngster, adult and elderly) and we analyze the current strategy in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais, of focusing the vaccination on the elderly group. We conclude by showing this strategy to be mistaken and that a vaccination focusing on the age group of the adults would be much more efficient in decreasing the total number of infected individuals.
O możliwości przekazania spraw z zakresu ubezpieczeń społecznych do wyłącznego rozpoznania sądom administracyjnym – głos w dyskusji
Authors: Góra-Błaszczykowska Agnieszka
Published: July 2021

Autorka analizuje możliwość przekazania spraw z zakresu ubezpieczeń społecznych do wyłącznego rozpoznania przez sądy administracyjne celem ujednolicenia właściwości sądów rozpoznających omawiane sprawy. Obecne regulacje są anachroniczne i nie uwzględniają specyfiki tych spraw, toczących się pomiędzy organem ZUS a ubezpieczonym. Liczba spraw z zakresu ubezpieczeń społecznych rozpoznawanych przez sądy powszechne jest jednak tak duża, że przekazanie ich sądom administracyjnym wymaga odpowiedniego przygotowania i znacznego dofinansowania.
Dylemat wysokości stopy technicznej przy wypłacie emerytur z powszechnego systemu
Authors: Góra Marek
Published: July 2021

Powszechny system emerytalny oparty na indywidualnych kontach typu NDC (non-financial defined contribution) funkcjonuje w sposób analogiczny do kont FDC (financial defined contribution). Choć oba typy kont są podobne do rozwiązań stosowanych w dodatkowych programach emerytalnych, to jednak różnią się od nich fundamentalnie. Przede wszystkim tak NDC, jak i FDC podporządkowane są celowi społecznemu, jakim jest umożliwienie wszystkim uczestnikom systemu przeniesienia na jednakowych zasadach części ich dochodu z okresu aktywności na okres starości. Niniejszy tekst dotyczy sposobu wyliczania wysokości wypłat z powszechnego systemu emerytalnego opartego na indywidualnych kontach. Dyskutowane są możliwe sposoby określenia w nim technicznej stopy procentowej. W takim przypadku niewystarczająca jest wyłącznie aktuarialna analiza i musi być uzupełniona o analizę z zakresu ekonomii emerytalnej. W szczególności teza o zasadności wykorzystania w polskim systemie emerytalnym ex-ante określonej wartości stopy procentowej większej od zera okazuje się nieprzekonująca w kontekście celu społecznego powszechnego systemu.
Um Método para Detecção e Diagnóstico de Outliers em Dados Urbanos via Análise Multidimensional
Authors: Souza Thiago I. A. , Magalhaes Deborah , Aquino Andre L. L. , Gomes Danielo G.
Published: July 2021

Desde 2007, pela primeira vez na História, mais pessoas vivem nas cidades do que no campo e este número só tende a crescer. Mais pessoas nas cidades significa maior estresse nas infraestruturas urbanas, maior demanda por serviços públicos e também uma taxa de geração de dados heterogêneos cada vez maior. Dados são essenciais para implementação de políticas públicas baseadas em evidências. Neste artigo, propomos um método para detecção e diagnóstico de outliers em dados urbanos via análise multidimensional em 4 passos sequenciais: (i) modelagem dos dados matriciais em um tensor 3D; (ii) decomposição Tucker3 para extração dos fatores latentes; (iii) estatísticas de detecção de outliers, e (iv) técnicas diagnósticas na inspeção das causas dos outliers. A partir de dados reais da plataforma Smart Citizen, nosso método permite identificar as variáveis ambientais que mais impactam os outliers. Além disso, as curvas ROC indicaram um ganho de acurácia de 20% com relaçãoá abordagem multivariada.
Fatiamento de Rede baseado em Demanda Elástica em Provedores de Internet do Futuro
Authors: Gomes Rafael L. , Ponte Francisco R. P. da , Urbano Arthur , Bittencourt Luiz F. , Madeira Edmundo M. R.
Published: July 2021

Atualmente, a Internet faz parte do cotidiano das pessoas, sendo um meio de comunicação essencial. Contudo, esta sofre de limitações que a impedem de garantir Qualidade de Serviço (Quality of Service QoS) aos usuários. Portanto, os Provedores de Internet (Internet Service Providers ISPs) necessitam evoluir, adicionando novas tecnologias e estratégias de gerência, tais como Virtualização de Redes (Network Virtualization NV), Redes Deﬁnidas por Software (Software Deﬁned Network SDN) e Virtualização de Funções de Rede (Network Function Virtualization NFV), criando a idéia de Provedores de Internet do Futuro (Future Internet Service Providers FISPs). Sendo assim, os FISPs fatiam os recursos de rede dentre os clientes e os serviços prestados, onde torna-se crucial um algoritmo para deﬁnir a alocação das fatias de rede. Adicionalmente, os FISPs devem considerar a utilização elástica dos recursos de rede pelos clientes ao decorrer do dia. Dentro deste contexto, este artigo apresenta o algoritmo Per Time Calculation (PETIC) para deﬁnir o fatiamento da rede baseado nos requisitos de largura de banda dos clientes. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que o algoritmo proposto deﬁne fatias de rede mais adequadas que as abordagens existentes.
Recuperação Ciente de QoS e Sensível ao Contexto: Uma Heurística de Tolerância a Falhas para Redes de Backbone
Authors: Caldeira Igor D. B. , Brito Italo V. S. , Peixoto Maycon L. M. , Sampaio Leobino N.
Published: July 2021

As estratégias atuais de tolerância a falhas em redes de backbone geralmente reagem com base no estado conﬁgurado pelo operador e não com base no histórico de desempenho da rede. Face às características da nova topologia e das classes de priorização, isso pode gerar congestionamento ou impacto na QoS das aplicações quando da ocorrência de falhas. A visão global e logicamente centralizada de controladores em redes deﬁnidas por software abre novas perspectivas para tratamento de falhas na rede. Este trabalho propõe uma heurística híbrida para tratar localmente falhas dos enlaces, proporcionando rápida proteção, seguido pela otimização no caminho dos ﬂuxos com recuperação ciente de QoS. Experimentos conduzidos emulando características da Rede Ipê/RNP apontaram ganhos signiﬁcativos em métricas de QoS frente à estratégias convencionais.
Explorando Estratégias de Orquestração de Telemetria em Planos de Dados Programáveis
Authors: Marques Jonatas Adilson , Gaspary Luciano Paschoal
Published: July 2021

Á medida que as redes de computadores e as próprias aplicações evoluem, novos aspectos de monitoração e uma granularidade mais fina tornam-se importantes para identificar e caracterizar corretamente situações ligadas, por exemplo, ao balanceamento inadequado de carga e a micro-bursts. A telemetria no plano de dados surge, nesse contexto, como uma abordagem promissora para satisfazer essa demanda, permitindo a inserção de informações sobre o estado da rede diretamente em pacotes de produção trafegando pela rede. A telemetria habilita a monitoração com acurácia e precisão sem precedentes, mas também pode levar a uma degradação significativa do tráfego caso aplicada ingenuamente. Neste trabalho são propostas e avaliadas estratégias para a orquestração de telemetria no plano de dados que exploram os efeitos de se concentrar a carga de monitoração em um número pequeno de fluxos ou de se distribuí-la entre um número maior deles. Os resultados da avaliação demonstram que é possível obter boa qualidade em termos de cobertura, freshness e consistência com redução considerável de degradação do tráfego de produção.
Bonaventure’s I Sentence Argument for the Trinity from Beatitude
Authors: Bray Dennis ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: July 2021

Bonaventure’s Sentence Commentary provides the most comprehensive set of trinitarian arguments to date. This article focuses on just one of them, the one from beatitude. Roughly, beatitude can be thought of as God’s enjoyment of his own, supreme goodness. After a brief rationale of Bonaventure’s speculative project, I assay the concept of beatitude and exposit his four-stage argument. Bonaventure reasons: (i) for a single supreme substance; (ii) for at least two divine persons; (iii) against the possibility for an infinite number of divine persons; (iv) for at least three, and against the possibility of four (or more) divine persons. I show how this line of reasoning is significantly more complex than Bonaventure’s terse summaries initially indicate. My main goal is to explicate the four steps and unpack their main support. Along the way I attend to the argument’s sources, logical progression, and I respond to several concerns.
Ascética y Antropología en la sequela Christi
Authors: Grossi Vittorino ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: July 2021

The article presents Augustine’s concept of the «sequela Christi», analyzing the ascetic elements of it, as they are presented in Augustine’s Works. Chapters 3 to 5 of the Rule are discussed to underline the anthropological and ascetical elements. The article also presents the development of the ascetic and anthropological ideas in Augustine, distinguishing three periods: 386-396, where man is considered as soul; 396-426, where man is presented as body and soul; 426-430, period in which the Augustine’s ideas are marked by the controversy with Julian of Eclana.
La «sequela Christi» en san Agustín
Authors: Grossi Vittorino ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: July 2021

The article deals with the topic of the «sequela Christi» taking as point of departure the difference that Augustine makes between disciples and apostles, discussing afterwards the topic of the example of Christ, presenting the different theological ideas in Augustine’s time developed to explain Christ’s example, namely pelagian ideas and those coming from monastic circles in Northern Africa (Hadrumentum) and the Gallia (Provence Monks). The article presents as a unifying Motif of Augustine’s ideas about the «homo spiritalis», his commentaries on Phil 1:29, underlining the aspects of gift and grace that Augustine stresses in his polemic with Pelagians, and also the role that the example of martyrs played in this discussion.
La Espiritualidad eclesial en una Iglesia en camino
Authors: Grossi Vittorino ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: July 2021

The present article describes four ecclesiological models elaborated by Augustine of Hippo after his conversion to Christianity within the Catholic Church (Church / auctoritas, Church / communio, Church / Ciuitas Dei, Church / Cross). A brief summary of the ecclesiology of Vatican II is given and indications are given of the Augustinian elements still susceptible of development in the contemporary Church.
La Espiritualidad eclesial de la Eucaristía, Corpus Christi
Authors: Grossi Vittorino ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: July 2021

The article presents St. Augustine’s concept of the Eucharist, relating it to the ecclesiological dimension that the concept of corpus Christi can have, showing its link with the paupers, since the Incarnate Word became pauper when assuming the human condition. Reference is also made to the charitable work of Giacomo Cusmano (1804-1885), as well as medieval controversies about the real presence of Christ in the Eucharist, and its evolution until the Second Vatican Council.
A Nietzsche that Heidegger could Appreciate
Authors: Rayman Joshua ,   Heidegger Circle
Published: July 2021

Heidegger’s lecture courses on Nietzsche give prominent attention to the question of what he calls “Nietzsche’s Alleged Biologism.” I will argue that Heidegger is not merely replacing the Nazi biologistic reading with a metaphysical reading, for his metaphysical reading of Nietzsche is biological, in a distinct sense. Although I reject this metaphysical reading, Heidegger aids my project of constructing a non-naturalist, yet physical reading of Nietzsche in at least four ways: 1) he rejects the Nazi biologistic reading of Nietzsche, 2) he sets forth distinct notions of the biological and the physical akin to Nietzsche, 3) he argues against scientific naturalism in favor of an alternative mode of knowing, and 4) he recognizes that rather than reducing everything to nature, Nietzsche anticipates him in intertwining more originary, dynamic notions of physis and techne.
Heidegger’s ‘Nazism’ as Veiled Nietzschean and Heideggerianism
Authors: Rayman Joshua ,   Heidegger Circle
Published: July 2021

I argue against the consensus that the publication of Heidegger’s “Reflections” (the Black Notebooks, 1932-1941) has proven a substantial link between Heidegger’s philosophy and Nazism. First, many of the most notorious remarks have precedents in prior volumes of Heidegger’s Gesamtausgabe, in reports of personal interactions, and in class notes. Second, the new remarks in the “Reflections,” including the most notorious ones, do very little to link his philosophy to Nazism. Third, his political remarks, as typically oblique and ambiguous as they are, are far more typically anti-Nazistic or anti-modern than Nazistic or anti-Semitic. Fourth, the lion’s share of his remarks here as everywhere else in his work concern the abandonment of radical questioning and the forgetting of truth and being. On my account, Heidegger’s selective affirmation of Nazism transformed it largely into his own philosophy and dispensed with much of the concrete racial, political, and economic doctrines that characterize it. What seems most Nazistic about his philosophy is Nietzschean, but there are very substantial differences between Heidegger’s Nietzscheanism and the official Nietzsche of Nazi Party theoreticians.
The Recognitive Foundations of Agency
Authors: Robertson Karen ,   Heidegger Circle
Published: July 2021

Drawing on Heidegger’s account of Mitsein and “the fourfold,” I argue that the worldly significance that defines us is rooted in our constitutive openness to others. To own up to such significance, we must take responsibility for our involvement in its realization, which occurs through our involvement in shared institutions. However, we tend to experience ourselves as incapable of altering the nature of our involvement in institutions. Countering our sense of irrelevance requires a recognition of ourselves as agents, and of “agency” as the ability to contribute to the significance of our world through our very recognition of one another.
The Question of Ability
Authors: Reynolds Joel Michael ,   Heidegger Circle
Published: July 2021

While Heidegger decried ethics as a distinct area of philosophical inquiry, a steady stream of secondary literature over the last three decades has mined his corpus for ethical insights. This literature tends to draw on his early or middle work and contrast his views with canonical normative theories. I bring Heidegger into conversation with philosophy of disability and feminist philosophy by focusing on the role of relationality and ability expectations. In section one, I provide a schematic of the dominant concept of ability in modernity: ability as personal power. Through the Bremen lectures, I then develop a Heideggerian concept of ability: ability as access. I conclude by discussing the stakes—ethical, philosophical, and political—of interpreting the question of the meaning of being as a question of ability as access to meaning.
“At the Crossroads of the Cave: Plato and Heidegger on History and Nihilism”
Authors: Fried Gregory ,   Heidegger Circle
Published: July 2021

Martin Heidegger accuses Plato, or at least Platonism, of promulgating a doctrine of the truth that interprets the truth in terms of trans-temporal ideas. Human beings themselves get interpreted in terms of their relation to these eternal, universal ideas, rather than their proper “finitude, temporality, and historicity,” which leads to nihilism, according to Heidegger. This paper argues that Heidegger misses an important feature of Plato’s parable of the cave: the fact that there are two pathways within it that meet at a crossroads. One, the well-known upward path, leads to the realm of transcendent truth; the other, often overlooked, is the lateral path that transects the cave and from which the shadows are projected. At this intersection, Plato show how what it means to be human requires both temporality and what transcends the historically situated.
Bill Richardson’s (Future) Legacy
Authors: Capobianco Richard ,   Heidegger Circle
Published: July 2021

Bill Richardson’s masterwork Heidegger: Through Phenomenology to Thought was first published in 1963. What follows is fully informed by his guiding and enduring insight: the “turn” (die Kehre) in Heidegger’s thinking, which, Bill referred to—in his memorable heuristic expression—as “Heidegger I” and “Heidegger II.” From his book: “For the shift of focus from There-being to Being…was demanded…as soon as it became clear [to Heidegger] that the primacy of the Being-process belongs to Being itself” (HTPT, 624). Let us see how Bill’s basic reading is further borne out and underscored in the recently published Black Notebooks.
The Fate of Poiesis
Authors: Smith David Nowell ,   Heidegger Circle
Published: July 2021

“The fate of poiesis” raises the question of whether poetry is a thing of the past that now must be resigned to lamenting its lost vocation. This sense of loss can be understood through the devocalization of language, i.e. the historical movement from oral to literate cultures, or from language as an event to language as a sign, that alters the space of poetry, making it a place of fictions rather than aletheia. Yet poetry and politics both confront the limits of the sayable that determine our historical being-in-the-world. The ability of poetry to seek a different reality and a different language mean we must submit to the poem and take its challenge of ‘making’ into our own lives.
Art as Concealment, Call, and Resolution
Authors: Robertson Karen ,   Heidegger Circle
Published: July 2021

Drawing on Heidegger’s essay “The Origin of the Work of Art” I argue that art is constitutive of dimensions of our existence whereby we exceed our finitude: relationality and historicality. Further, I argue that such a characterization of art allows us to interpret the critique of Rilke Heidegger proffers in “Why Poet?” as follows: despite Rilke’s ability to step beyond the terms of modern experience, his work is limited, from a Heideggerian perspective, inasmuch as it cannot accommodate the relational character of our experience. I conclude by suggesting that identifying this lack of a relational aspect in modern experience helps identify the question most central to it: “what does it mean to be a we?”
Heidegger on Plato's Myths
Authors: Zhu Qinghua ,   Heidegger Circle
Published: July 2021

Plato criticized Mythos for its falsity, but he uses many myths in his own dialogues on the way to attaining truth. He had a distinct standard for making use of or dismissing a myth: truth or falsity. His myths are the inseparable part of his philosophical logos. Heidegger interpreted the myths in Republic from the perspective of the truth of being. Polis is a metaphor of alētheia. The Cave myth presents a vivid picture of how to reach truth by struggling with concealment. The Er myth showed that unconcealment is destined to decline and turn to concealment. As the souls were required to drink the water of ameleta, concealment and forgetfulness entered into the essence of human being. In the essence of truth there is untruth, the counter-essence of truth. Firstly, the truth is reached by struggling with every kind of untruth. Secondly, according to the essence of being, truth of being or the presencing is in order, which means that it comes from concealment and soon goes into concealment again. The truth of being is not physis/emerging as in the Greek, but declining. The decline is determined from the start, as destiny.
In the Name of the Volk
Authors: Herskowitz Daniel ,   Heidegger Circle
Published: July 2021

In this paper I focus on the specific communal setting within which Heidegger places Dasein’s authentic co-historicizing, namely, the Volk. Section §74 of Being and Time, with its invocation of the charged Volkish notions of fate, destiny, heritage, and struggle, has long been in the center of the debates over the possible connections between Heidegger’s philosophy and his early affiliation with National Socialism. In my paper I wish to intervene in this debate by looking at the early Jewish receptions of Heidegger’s philosophy in the 1930s and expose a strand in this reception that did not disapprove of the Volkish terminology put to use in the Dasein analytic, and at times even found it particularly fitting for the Jewish case. Exposing this strand allows for a better understanding of the historical and conceptual context within which Heidegger’s Volkish terminology was put to use, indicating that claims regarding a necessary ‘cause and effect’ connection between his early philosophy and fascist politics are simplistic.