bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An EM/MCMC Markov-Switching GARCH Behavioral Algorithm for Random-Length Lumber Futures Trading
Authors: De la Torre-Torres Oscar V. , Álvarez-García José , del Río-Rama María de la Cruz
Published: February 2024

This paper tests using two-regime Markov-switching models with asymmetric, time-varying exponential generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (MS-EGARCH) variances in random-length lumber futures trading. By assuming a two-regime context (a low s=1 and high s=2 volatility), a trading algorithm was simulated with the following trading rule: invest in lumber futures if the probability of being in the high-volatility regime s=2 is lower or equal to 50%, or invest in the 3-month U.S. Treasury bills (TBills) otherwise. The rationale tested in this paper was that using a two-regime Markov-switching (MS) algorithm leads to an overperformance against a buy-and-hold strategy in lumber futures. To extend the current literature in MS trading algorithms, two location parameter scenarios were simulated. The first uses an unconditional mean or expected value (no factors), and the second incorporates market and behavioral factors. With weekly simulations form 2 January 1994 to 28 July 2023, the results suggest that using MS-EGARCH models in a no-factors scenario is appropriate for active lumber futures trading with an accumulated return of 158.33%. Also, the results suggest that it is not useful to add market and behavioral factors in the MS-GARCH estimation because it leads to a lower performance.
Venous Thromboembolism in Burn Patients: A 5-Year Retrospective Study
Authors: Bordeanu-Diaconescu Eliza-Maria , Grosu-Bularda Andreea , Frunza Adrian , Grama Sabina , Andrei Mihaela-Cristina , Neagu Tiberiu Paul , Hariga Cristian-Sorin , Lascar Ioan
Published: February 2024

Background and Objectives: Burn patients manifest all components of Virchow’s triad, amplifying the concern for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Routine prophylaxis for VTE remains a subject of debate, with the central concern being the occurrence of associated adverse events. Materials and Methods: We conducted a five-year retrospective study on burn patients admitted to our burn center. Demographic data, comorbidities, burn lesions characteristics, surgical interventions, anticoagulant medication, the need for transfusions, the presence of a central venous catheter, length of stay, complications, and mortality were recorded. Results: Of the overall number of patients (494), 2.63% (13 patients) developed venous thromboembolic complications documented through paraclinical investigations. In 70% of cases, thrombosis occurred in a limb with central venous catether (CVC). Every patient with VTE had a Caprini score above 8, with a mean score of 12 points in our study group. Conclusions: Considering each patient’s particularities and burn injury characteristics, individualized approaches may be necessary to optimize thromboprophylaxis effectiveness. We suggest routinely using the Caprini Risk Assessment Model in burn patients. We recommend the administration of pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis in all patients and careful monitoring of patients with Caprini scores above 8, due to the increased risk of VTE. Additionally, ongoing research in this field may provide insights into new strategies for managing thrombotic risk in burn patients.
Updated Strategies in Non-Culprit Stenosis Management of Multivessel Coronary Disease—A Contemporary Review
Authors: Manuca Rares-Dumitru , Covic Alexandra Maria , Brinza Crischentian , Floria Mariana , Statescu Cristian , Covic Adrian , Burlacu Alexandru
Published: February 2024

The prevalence of multivessel coronary artery disease (CAD) in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients underscores the need for optimal revascularization strategies. The ongoing debate surrounding percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), hybrid interventions, or medical-only management adds complexity to decision-making, particularly in specific angiographic scenarios. The article critically reviews existing literature, providing evidence-based perspectives on non-culprit lesion revascularization in ACS. Emphasis is placed on nuances such as the selection of revascularization methods, optimal timing for interventions, and the importance of achieving completeness in revascularization. The debate between culprit-only revascularization and complete revascularization is explored in detail, focusing on ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), including patients with cardiogenic shock. Myocardial revascularization guidelines and recent clinical trials support complete revascularization strategies, either during the index primary PCI or within a short timeframe following the culprit lesion PCI (in both STEMI and NSTEMI). The article also addresses the complexities of decision-making in NSTEMI patients with multivessel CAD, advocating for immediate multivessel PCI unless complex coronary lesions require a staged revascularization approach. Finally, the article provided contemporary data on chronic total occlusion revascularization in ACS patients, highlighting the prognostic impact. In conclusion, the article addresses the evolving challenges of managing multivessel CAD in ACS patients, enhancing thoughtful integration into the clinical practice of recent data. We provided evidence-based, individualized approaches to optimize short- and long-term outcomes. The ongoing refinement of clinical and interventional strategies for non-culprit lesion management remains dynamic, necessitating careful consideration of patient characteristics, coronary stenosis complexity, and clinical context.
Construction of Shale Gas Oil-Based Drilling Cuttings Degrading Bacterial Consortium and Their Degradation Characteristics
Authors: Fan Li , Gong Xianhe , Lv Quanwei , Bin Denghui , Wang Li’Ao
Published: February 2024

Oil-based drilling cuttings (OBDCs) contain petroleum hydrocarbons with complex compositions and high concentrations, which have highly carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic properties. In this study, three highly efficient petroleum hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria were screened from OBDCs of different shale gas wells in Chongqing, China, and identified as Rhodococcus sp. and Dietzia sp. Because of their ability to degrade hydrocarbons of various chain lengths, a new method was proposed for degrading petroleum hydrocarbons in shale gas OBDCs by combining different bacterial species. Results showed that the bacterial consortium, consisting of the three strains, exhibited the highest degradation rate for petroleum hydrocarbons, capable of degrading 74.38% of long-chain alkanes and 93.57% of short-chain alkanes, respectively. Moreover, the petroleum hydrocarbon degradation performance of the bacterial consortium in actual OBDCs could reach 90.60% in the optimal conditions, and the degradation kinetic process followed a first-order kinetic model. This study provides a certain technical reserve for the bioremediation of shale gas OBDCs.
Oxygen Isotope Fractionation between Carbonate Minerals and Carbonic Acid Systems and Constraints for Environmental Science and Geological Processes
Authors: Zhang Jixi
Published: February 2024

The equilibrium oxygen isotope fractionation factor is widely used in geological thermometry. However, under most natural conditions, the oxygen isotope exchange is rare to reach equilibrium. Especially for the complex water–rock interaction process, the contribution of the H2CO3 solution, CO32− solution, Ca(HCO3)2 solution, and CaCO3 solution to the equilibrium oxygen isotope fractionation factor of this process is poorly understood. In view of this predicament, these key parameters are obtained by ab initio calculations. The results showed that the contributions of different carbonate minerals and different aqueous solutions to the equilibrium oxygen isotope fractionation factor were different. Among all nine carbonate minerals (dolomite, calcite, aragonite, magnesite, siderite, otavite, smithsonite, ankerite, and strontianite), the minerals with the highest and lowest reduced partition function ratios (RPFR) were siderite and strontianite, respectively. At the same time, the RPFR of nitratine, which has the same structure as carbonate, was studied. The RPFRs of the three most widely distributed carbonates in nature (dolomite, calcite, and aragonite) were dolomite > calcite > aragonite. Among the H2CO3 solution, CO32− solution, Ca(HCO3)2 solution, and CaCO3 solution, the H2CO3 solution had the strongest ability to enrich 18O. In addition, the equilibrium oxygen isotope fractionation factors between aqueous solutions and gas phase species (CO2(g), H2O(g), and O2(g), etc.) were calculated systematically. The results showed that the oxygen isotope fractionation factors between solutions and gas phases were often inconsistent with the temperature change direction and that the kinetic effects played a key role. These theoretical parameters obtained in this study will provide key equilibrium oxygen isotope constraints for water-rock interaction processes.
Correlation between Tooth Position Parameters and Apical Fenestration: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study
Authors: Ferrari Carlos Henrique , de Carvalho Lara Steffany , Rocha Caroline Trefiglio , Abu Hasna Amjad
Published: February 2024

This study aimed to assess the relationship between apical fenestration—a defect in the alveolar bone involving the root apex—and tooth position in all tooth groups, excluding the third molars, utilizing cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. A total of 800 CBCT scans (400 maxillary and 400 mandibular) from patients undergoing various treatments were examined by a single professional (radiologist and endodontist). Statistical analyses, including the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test, were conducted using R software 2.7.3 (R Foundation, Vienna, Austria). Results indicated a significant association (p ≤ 0.05) between apical fenestration and tooth position. In the upper teeth, apical fenestrations were notably present in the mesio-buccal (17.17%) and disto-buccal (11.07%) roots of the first molars. Conversely, apical fenestrations in the lower teeth were relatively less frequent. The study revealed a negative correlation between apical fenestration and mesial inclination, rotation, and extrusion in the upper teeth. However, a positive correlation was observed between apical fenestration and lingual inclination in the upper teeth. In conclusion, this study illuminates the distribution of apical fenestration and its correlation with tooth positions, offering insights into factors influencing this defect in dental anatomy. The findings enhance our understanding of nuanced relationships between tooth position and apical fenestration in the upper and lower dental arches.
Optimizing the Thickness of Multilayer Thermal Insulation on Different Pipelines for Minimizing Overall Cost-Associated Heat Loss
Authors: Alrasheed Mohammed R. A.
Published: February 2024

Optimizing the multilayer thermal insulation of pipelines transporting liquids and gases at higher than ambient temperatures is crucial for heat energy conservation and cost optimization. This study utilizes a multi-objective genetic algorithm to optimize the multilayer thermal insulation thickness around a pipe carrying fluid to minimize heat loss and associated costs. The model adopted mathematical associations between design variables and the overall installation cost of layers over a pipe from the available literature. The proposed model considered one or more insulation layers of rock wool and calcium silicate to oil pipelines containing steam, furfural, reduced crude or 300-distillate oil. All calculations considered fixed-charge rates as a fraction of 1 or 0.15. The results were compared with standard values and those predicted by other researchers in the literature. For the steam line, the standard insulation thickness was 50 mm, jumping to 327 mm for rock wool and 232 mm for calcium silicate. However, it decreased to 38 mm for double-layer calcium silicate and 138 mm for double-layer rock wool. For furfural, the insulation thickness was 40 mm, which rose to 159 mm for rock wool and 112 mm for calcium silicate. In general, for all four cases, the results show that using normal insulation thickness is inadequate and not economical. For example, for 300-distillate oil, the present practice puts the cost function at 54 USD/m, which drops to 20 USD/m for rock wool and 24 USD/m each for single-layer silicate and double-layer insulation. This amounts to almost 60% cost savings. Similar trends are observed for the other three cases. This model can provide up to 60% savings in cost and a 92% reduction in heat loss at optimum insulation thickness compared to other models.
Microbial Electrolysis Cell Exergy Evaluation
Authors: Nenov Valentin , Atanasova Lyubka , Yemendzhiev Hyusein , Koleva Ralitza
Published: February 2024

Bio-electrochemical systems have increasingly become the focus of research due to their potential in environmental biotechnology, particularly in the domains of waste utilization and energy recovery. A prominent method within this domain is the transformation of organic matter into hydrogen via microbial electrolysis cells (MECs). This study offers a thorough analysis of MEC performance, employing exergy analysis and incorporating relevant data from the existing literature. The findings of this research indicate a relationship between process efficiency and effective electron transfer originating from biological oxidation to the cathode reaction, facilitating hydrogen generation. The assessment performed revealed that the exergy efficiency of the process varies by a wide range, depending on conditions such as substrate type and concentration, applied external voltage, and the presence of specific inhibitors. This interplay between substrate concentration, overall efficiency, and energy requirement underlines the complex dynamics of optimizing MEC performance. Our insights provide understanding of the challenges in bio-electrochemical systems, offering implications for their sustainable and efficient use in environmental biotechnology. The theoretical analysis involved assessing the utilization of glucose and glycerol, along with the evaluation of electrical energy consumption and hydrogen yield. Our results demonstrate that a higher applied voltage is associated with greater exergy efficiency. Furthermore, after comparing the use of glucose and glycerol as substrates, our study supports the preferential application of glucose for enhanced efficiency.
Analysis and Optimization of the Fuel Consumption of an Internal Combustion Vehicle by Minimizing the Parasitic Power in the Cooling System
Authors: Brayner Pedro H. A. , da Costa José Â. P. , Ochoa Alvaro A. V. , Urbano José J. , Leite Gustavo N. P. , Michima Paula S. A.
Published: February 2024

This study aims to enhance energy efficiency by reducing parasitic losses in the engine cooling system through a new drive strategy involving a two-stage water pump and a variable electro-fan. The fuel consumption gain analysis focused on a vehicle with average characteristics typical of 1.0L hatchbacks in the Brazilian market and urban driving conditions. The methodology implemented aims to minimize power absorbed by the forced water circulation and thermal rejection, thereby reducing parasitic losses, particularly during low-speed urban driving, without causing air-side heat exchanger saturation. The results show a potential decrease of up to 80% in power absorbed by the cooling system, leading to an estimated fuel consumption saving of approximately 1.4% during urban driving cycles.
Optimal Mesh Pore Size Combined with Periodic Air Mass Load (AML) for Effective Operation of a Self-Forming Dynamic Membrane BioReactor (SFD MBR) for Sustainable Treatment of Municipal Wastewater
Authors: Boulerial Senouci , Salerno Carlo , Castrogiovanni Fabiano , Tumolo Marina , Berardi Giovanni , Debab Abdelkader , Haddou Boumediene , Benhamou Abdellah , Pollice Alfieri
Published: February 2024

A self-forming dynamic membrane bioreactor (SFD MBR) is a cost-effective alternative to conventional MBR, in which the synthetic membrane is replaced by a “cake layer,” an accumulation of the biological suspension over a surface of inert, low-cost support originated by filtration itself. Under optimized conditions, the cake layer is easy to remove and quick to form again, resulting a “dynamic membrane.” The permeate of the SFD MBR has chemo-physical characteristics comparable to those of conventional ultrafiltration-based MBR. In this paper, two nylon meshes with pore sizes of 20 and 50 µm, respectively, were tested in a bench-scale SFD MBR in which an air mass load (AML) was periodically supplied tangentially to the filtration surface to maintain filtration effectiveness. The SFD MBR equipped with 20 µm nylon mesh coupled with 5 min of AML every 4 h showed the best performance, ensuring both a permeate with turbidity values always below 3 NTU and revealing no increases in transmembrane pressure (TMP) with manual maintenance needs. A benchmark test with the only difference of a suction break (relaxation) instead of AML was conducted under identical operating conditions for validation with an already known maintenance strategy. This latter test produced a permeate of very good quality, but it needed frequent TMP increases and consequent manual cleanings, showing that a periodic AML coupled with the use of a 20 µm mesh can be an optimal strategy for long-term operation of SFD MBR.
Catalytic Acetone Oxidation over MnOx Catalysts: Regulating Their Crystal Structures and Surface Properties
Authors: Cai Bohang , Lin Fawei , Guo Xuan , Li Yongtao
Published: February 2024

This study investigates the catalytic oxidation of acetone by different crystal phases of MnO2 prepared via different methods. Compared with β-MnO2 and γ-MnO2, α-MnO2 exhibited superior catalytic activity. Moreover, as replacements for traditional hydrothermal methods and air calcination, the use of microwave hydrothermal methods and N2 calcination significantly enhanced the catalytic performance of the MnO2 catalyst. The optimal catalyst, MnO2-WN (α-MnO2 synthesized via microwave hydrothermal method and N2 calcination), converted 100% of 100 ppm acetone below 150 °C, with the CO2 yields reaching 100%. Further, the stability of the catalyst and its potential for other volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were also determined. The experimental data demonstrated that its outstanding activity primarily stemmed from the improved preparation method, enhancing the specific surface area of the catalyst, optimizing the pore structure, improving the redox performance, and generating more acidic sites and active oxygen species, thereby creating a synergistic effect. Finally, the reaction pathway of acetone oxidation on the catalyst surface has been explored. This work provides a new perspective for developing economically efficient MnOx catalysts for removing VOCs.
Enhanced Electrophoretic Depletion of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate with Methanol for Membrane Proteome Analysis by Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Said Hammam H. , Doucette Alan A.
Published: February 2024

Membrane proteins are underrepresented during proteome characterizations, primarily owing to their lower solubility. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is favored to enhance protein solubility but interferes with downstream analysis by mass spectrometry. Here, we present an improved workflow for SDS depletion using transmembrane electrophoresis (TME) while retaining a higher recovery of membrane proteins. Though higher levels of organic solvent lower proteome solubility, we found that the inclusion of 40% methanol provided optimal solubility of membrane proteins, with 86% recovery relative to extraction with SDS. Incorporating 40% methanol during the electrophoretic depletion of SDS by TME also maximized membrane protein recovery. We further report that methanol accelerates the rate of detergent removal, allowing TME to deplete SDS below 100 ppm in under 3 min. This is attributed to a three-fold elevation in the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDS in the presence of methanol, combined with a reduction in the SDS to protein binding ratio in methanol (0.3 g SDS/g protein). MS analysis of membrane proteins isolated from the methanol-assisted workflow revealed enhanced proteome detection, particularly for proteins whose pI contributed a minimal net charge and therefore possessed reduced solubility in a purely aqueous solvent. This protocol presents a robust approach for the preparation of membrane proteins by maximizing their solubility in MS-compatible solvents, offering a tool to advance membrane proteome characterization.
Carbon Fiber Composites Recycling Technology Enabled by the TuFF Technology
Authors: Ozdemir Tekin , Deitzel Joseph M. , Crane Roger , Yarlagadda Shridhar , Blackwell Chris , Davis Mark , Emmerich Rebecca , Heider Dirk
Published: February 2024

Carbon Fiber Composites (CFCs) recycling has received increasing interest by the composites industry, but it is still in its early stages as an industry. There are two primary challenges that need to be addressed in order to achieve full property retention during CFC recycling: (1) the ability to recover the fiber content without property loss; and (2) conversion of the recycled, short fiber material back into high-performance CFC structures. The ability to manufacture high fiber volume fraction CFCs with end-of-life products would provide an opportunity to reduce material cost and lifetime-embodied energy. In this paper, recycled, short carbon fibers are processed via solvolysis and converted into high-performance CFCs with fiber volume fraction of ~50% and excellent composite property retention. This is enabled through alignment of the discontinuous, recycled fiber feedstock using the Tailorable universal Feedstock for Forming (TuFF) process. The paper introduces the necessary steps to process the fibers in the wet-laid process and explores the resulting mechanical and microstructural properties. The importance of incoming fiber surface quality and the effect of surface contamination from residue left by the recycling process on both the TuFF process and final composite properties is discussed in detail. A pyrolytic process has been adopted to remove the residue that is a by-product of the recycling process from the incoming recycled fiber surface. The approach presents a promising pathway for the recycling of high-performance CFCs.
Development of a Microwave Sensor for Real-Time Monitoring of a Micro Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
Authors: Zhang Shubin , Qiang Tian , Jiang Yanfeng
Published: February 2024

Micro direct methanol fuel cells (μDMFCs) are a promising power source for microelectronic devices and systems. As the operating state and performance of a μDMFC is generally determined by both electrochemical polarization and methanol crossover, it is important to monitor the methanol concentration in μDMFCs. Here, we design and fabricate a microwave sensor and integrate it with a μDMFC for the online detection of methanol concentration in a nonintrusive way. The sensing area is set at the bottom of the anode chamber of a μDMFC which exhibits a maximum output power density of 28.8 mW cm−2 at 30 °C. With a square ring structure, the dual-mode microwave sensor shows a sensitivity of 9.5 MHz mol−1 L. Furthermore, the importance of methanol concentration monitoring is demonstrated in the long term. A relatively smooth methanol decline curve was obtained, which indicated a normal and stable operating status of the μDMFC. Derived from real-time recording data, fuel utilization was additionally calculated as 28.5%.
Development of a Low-Cost Distributed Computing Pipeline for High-Throughput Cotton Phenotyping
Authors: Thesma Vaishnavi , Rains Glen C. , Mohammadpour Velni Javad
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we present the development of a low-cost distributed computing pipeline for cotton plant phenotyping using Raspberry Pi, Hadoop, and deep learning. Specifically, we use a cluster of several Raspberry Pis in a primary-replica distributed architecture using the Apache Hadoop ecosystem and a pre-trained Tiny-YOLOv4 model for cotton bloom detection from our past work. We feed cotton image data collected from a research field in Tifton, GA, into our cluster’s distributed file system for robust file access and distributed, parallel processing. We then submit job requests to our cluster from our client to process cotton image data in a distributed and parallel fashion, from pre-processing to bloom detection and spatio-temporal map creation. Additionally, we present a comparison of our four-node cluster performance with centralized, one-, two-, and three-node clusters. This work is the first to develop a distributed computing pipeline for high-throughput cotton phenotyping in field-based agriculture.
Analysis of Failure Mechanism and Reliability Enhancement of Silicon Strain Gauge-Based Pressure Sensor for Automotive Applications
Authors: Sagong Hyunchul , Jeong Seongcheol , Lee Hojoon
Published: February 2024

Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles have gained more attention as future automobiles due to their environmental benefits and extended driving ranges. Concurrently, the global hydrogen sensor market is also experiencing substantial growth. These sensors are integrated into vehicles to detect hydrogen leakage and concentration, thereby ensuring the safety of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. In particular, hydrogen pressure sensors, commonly installed on the manifold and regulator of vehicles, can measure hydrogen pressure and diagnose safety concerns caused by hydrogen leakage in advance. In this paper, we identify the vulnerable points of hydrogen pressure sensors when exposed to vehicle driving environments, investigate failure mechanisms, and provide process optimization techniques. Specifically, our reliability modeling verifies that the components of a printed circuit board (PCB) exposed to humid environments undergo corrosion due to ion migration, leading to the generation of extrinsic series or parallel resistances, which in turn cause fluctuations of output voltage. Through structural and elemental analysis, we pinpoint process-related factors that make components vulnerable to humidity, thereby suggesting recommendations for enhancing the manufacturing process. Based on this analysis in the development stage, we can proactively address and improve reliability and further safety-related issues for future automobiles, thus preventing real field issues.
Comparative Effects of Two High-Intensity Intermittent Training Programs on Sub-Elite Male Basketball Referees’ Fitness Levels
Authors: Suárez-Iglesias David , Rodríguez-Fernández Alejandro , Vaquera Alejandro , Villa-Vicente José , Rodríguez-Marroyo Jose
Published: February 2024

This study aimed to compare the effects of an 8-week short-term training program, comprising repeated sprints or running-based high-intensity intermittent training (HIIT), on the aerobic fitness and repeated sprint ability (RSA) performance of sub-elite basketball referees. Twenty male referees participated in supervised training sessions twice a week. They were randomly assigned to either the RSA-based group (RSAG) or the running-based HIIT group (HIITG). The RSAG conducted 3–4 sets of 8 × 20-m all-out sprints, while the HIITG performed 2–3 sets of 6 × 20-s runs at 90% of their maximal velocity achieved in the 30–15 intermittent fitness test (30–15IFT). Referees underwent a graded exercise test on a treadmill, the 30–15IFT, and an RSA test before and after the training program. Both groups showed significant improvement (~3%) in the fastest (22.6 ± 1.4 vs. 23.4 ± 1.7 and 22.0 ±1.9 vs. 22.4 ± 1.7 km·h−1 in RSAG and HIITG, respectively) and mean (21.5 ± 1.2 vs. 22.4 ± 1.4 and 21.3 ± 1.8 vs. 21.7 ± 1.6 km·h−1 in RSAG and HIITG, respectively) sprint velocity of the RSA test (p < 0.05). Moreover, positive changes (p < 0.05) were observed in the 30–15IFT maximal velocity (18.6 ± 1.1 vs. 19.3 ± 1.0 and 19.4 ± 0.9 vs. 20.5 ± 0.9 km·h−1 in RSAG and HIITG, respectively). In conclusion, an 8-week training intervention using either RSA or running-based HIIT led to similar improvements in referees’ RSA performance and specific aerobic fitness measures. These findings could assist in devising tailored training programs for basketball referees.
Infection of Leishmania donovani in Phlebotomus orientalis Sand Flies at Different Microhabitats of a Kala-Azar Endemic Village in Eastern Sudan
Authors: Khogali Altayeb , Elnaiem Dia-Eldin A. , Díaz-Regañón Ramón , Jibreel Tayseer , Nour Bakri Y. M. , Abdelrahman Samira Hamid , Molina Ricardo , Jiménez Maribel
Published: February 2024

A study was carried out to compare the infection rates of Leishmania donovani in Phlebotomus orientalis sandflies at different microhabitats of a VL endemic village in Gedarif state, Sudan. DNA extracts of 1078 P. orientalis sand fly females sampled by CDC light traps from indoor, outdoor, peri-domestic, and sylvatic sites, in three transmission seasons, March–June 2016–18, in Helat-Belo village, were subjected to independent PCR amplifications targeting Leishmania kDNA and the cpb gene followed by ITS1 region sequencing. Leishmania kDNA was detected in 1.4% of the 1078 P. orientalis females captured in the area. Two of these specimens showed a characteristic 741 bp band of L. donovani after cpb gene amplification. The DNA sequence of the ITS1 region of the parasites matched the ITS1 L. donovani genotype F. There were no signficant differences between rates of infection of L. donovani in P. orientalis captured at different sites. Blood meals found in infected flies origninated from human (5 specimens), cattle (4 specimens) and donkey (2 specimens). The finding of fresh cow and donkey blood in the infected flies suggests the possible role of these animals in the zoopotentiation and/or zooprophylaxis against VL. The study provides important information for VL transmission models and control programs in East Africa.
Quantum de Sitter Geometry
Authors: Takook Mohammad Vahid
Published: February 2024

Quantum de Sitter geometry is discussed using elementary field operator algebras in Krein space quantization from an observer-independent point of view, i.e., ambient space formalism. In quantum geometry, the conformal sector of the metric becomes a dynamical degree of freedom, which can be written in terms of a massless minimally coupled scalar field. The elementary fields necessary for the construction of quantum geometry are introduced and classified. A complete Krein–Fock space structure for elementary fields is presented using field operator algebras. We conclude that since quantum de Sitter geometry can be constructed by elementary fields operators, the geometry quantum state is immersed in the Krein–Fock space and evolves in it. The total number of accessible quantum states in the universe is chosen as a parameter of quantum state evolution, which has a relationship with the universe’s entropy. Inspired by the Wheeler–DeWitt constraint equation in cosmology, the evolution equation of the geometry quantum state is formulated in terms of the Lagrangian density of interaction fields in ambient space formalism.
Cuidados de enfermagem à pessoa com doença de parkinson: revisão de literatura
Authors: Magalhães Larissa Gomes , Faustino Andrea Mathes
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: Identificar na literatura científica publicações que descrevem os principais cuidados de enfermagem direcionados a pessoas com DP. Método: Trata-se de estudo do tipo revisão integrativa da literatura, as bases de dados utilizadas foram MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval Sistem on-line), LILACS (Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde) e BDENF (Base de Dados de Enfermagem). O período de análise compreendeu os anos de 2012 a 2022. Ao final 15 artigos foram selecionados e incluídos na revisão. Resultados: Intervenções de enfermagem foi o tema mais estudado, seguido por cuidados do enfermeiro na melhora dos sintomas de Parkinson, diretrizes e treinamentos para Parkinson, educação em saúde e autocuidado no Parkinson. Cerca de 40% das publicações eram dos Estados Unidos. Conclusão: A qualidade de vida dos pacientes com DP está diretamente ligada ao atendimento especializado do enfermeiro, pois são indispensáveis nos cuidados à pessoa com DP e desempenham um papel fundamental na implementação do plano de tratamento.
Leucemia promielocítica aguda, uma emergência médica: relato de caso e revisão de literatura
Authors: Lima Aryanne Rodrigues , Neves Kellen Thays Alves Pereira , Rosa Vanuza Maria
Published: February 2024

Introdução: A Leucemia Promielocítica Aguda (LPA), corresponde a 10% - 15% das leucemias mielóides agudas na América Latina, sendo a maior prevalência nos Estados Unidos, e possui manifestações e desfechos clínicos peculiares, que torna o seu estudo um desafio e também uma emergência na prática médica. A descrição das manifestações clínicas da LPA estão intimamente associadas a coagulopatia junto às alterações nas linhagens hematopoiéticas que levam a pancitopenia e principalmente discrasias sanguíneas (trombose e sangramento). Objetivo: abordar uma melhor compreensão da LPA, dos aspectos clínicos, diagnósticos e terapêuticos. Metodologia: relatado o caso de uma criança com diagnóstico de Leucemia Promielocítica Aguda para melhor compreensão e abordagem da LPA enquanto urgência oncológica, objetivando um diagnóstico precoce, para rápida instituição terapêutica e diminuição da morbimortalidade. Resultados: Os dados gerados do relato de caso contribuirão para conscientização e divulgação da patologia, mediante a elucidação da importância do diagnóstico precoce e a instituição do tratamento imediato, agregando conhecimento para estudantes, médicos e generalistas sobre um cenário oncológico emergencial. Conclusão: A LPA é uma doença oncológica cuja sobrevida livre de evento está acima de 99%, sendo crucial o diagnóstico imediato e início de tratamento para evitar a morbimortalidade por complicações relacionadas sobretudo a alterações da coagulação.
A importância do PET-Saúde na educação médica e visitas domiciliares: um relato de experiência no Programa Melhor em Casa
Authors: Malcher Claudia Marques Santa Rosa , Acácio Bruna Letícia Silva , Malcher Ana Caroline Santa Rosa , Batista Isadora Lopes Maués , Calixto Sâmya Cristina de Souza , Reis Ana Catarina de Souza Carvalho
Published: February 2024

Introdução: O Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para a Saúde (PET-Saúde) é um projeto elaborado pelo Ministério da Saúde (MS) junto ao Ministério da Educação, que visa a integração ensino-serviço-comunidade tornando possível, por meio deste, a qualificação e aprimoramento em serviço não só dos profissionais, mas também de graduandos da área da saúde. Desse modo, o Programa Melhor em Casa é uma iniciativa do MS que possibilitou, por meio do PET-saúde, a integração de alunos em atividades que envolvem o ensino, a pesquisa, a extensão universitária e a participação social. Objetivo: Descrever as visitas domiciliares no Programa Melhor em Casa, por meio do PET-saúde. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, o qual permite a descrição de vivências pelos estagiários de medicina voluntários e bolsistas do Centro Universitário do Estado do Pará (CESUPA) no programa pelo PET-Saúde, entre agosto de 2022 a julho de 2023. Resultado: A partir das visitas domiciliares das equipes dos Distritos Administrativos de Belém – DABEL e do Guamá – DAGUA os alunos puderam acompanhar com as equipes multiprofissionais os mais diversos casos, os quais foram fundamentais para o aprendizado destes desenvolvendo experiências e produzindo conhecimentos relevantes em áreas prioritárias relacionadas à saúde, a exemplo dos cuidados paliativos. Conclusão: As visitas domiciliares representaram estratégias poderosas tanto na assistência técnica quanto no aspecto pedagógico do processo de cuidado em saúde. Os benefícios dessa experiência foram significativos para a formação profissional e o desenvolvimento humanístico dos futuros profissionais de saúde, como preconizado nas diretrizes nacionais do curso de medicina. O presente trabalho destacou, de forma pioneira, em Belém e região Metropolitana, questões pontuais no que se refere a contribuir para investimentos e o progresso dessa área de estudo e enriquecimento do conhecimento científico. Esse campo de estágio nesse Município nunca havia sido oferecido anteriormente, trazendo reflexões importantes para garantir que futuras atividades de extensão e pesquisa continuem sendo realizadas.
Podcast como educação em saúde na atenção primária: um relato de experiência
Authors: Moura Ioli Menezes Vasconcelos , De Almeida Gabrielle Brasil , Da Costa Renata Nobre , Novaes Midyan Rebeca de Barros
Published: February 2024

A Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) é considerada porta de entrada do Sistema Único de Saúde e é composta vários requisitos, dentre eles a educação em saúde, que tem como objetivo acesso e difusão de informações para usuários. Dessa forma, o uso de novas tecnologias para auxiliar nesse processo é imprescindível, sendo o podcast uma maneira de acesso fácil ao conhecimento com finalidade de promoção de saúde, uma vez que tem uma grande capacidade de alcance da população. O objetivo desse estudo é relatar a experiência de três internas de medicina no Podcast Saúde em Foco, via YouTube e rádio, durante o estágio de Medicina De Família e Comunidade e Saúde Coletiva do internato. Os podcasts foram produzidos sob orientação da preceptora do internato e com auxílio da equipe do Saúde em Foco. Os temas discutidos durante as participações foram escolhidos de acordo com a vivência na APS e comorbidades mais vistas durante o estágio, sendo feita uma divulgação prévia através das redes sociais para atingir o público-alvo. Assim, evidenciou-se a importância de podcasts com temáticas relacionadas a saúde como meio de promover saúde de forma difusa, fácil e popular.
Cuidados dietéticos e a dieta de poucos alimentos (few foods diets) como alternativa para o tratamento do Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade – TDAH
Authors: Gonzales Clara Keidel , De Almeida Esther Rocha , De Brito Isabela Neves , Oliveira Narcisio Rios
Published: February 2024

O Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade - TDAH, tem origem multifatorial e possui prevalência entre 5-6% na infância e 2-3% na fase adulta, havendo estudos que apontam eficácia da dietoterapia no combate a sua sintomatologia. Este trabalho busca promover reflexões a respeito dos cuidados dietéticos e dieta de poucos alimentos como intervenções aliadas ao tratamento de indivíduos com o TDAH, a partir da revisão narrativa de literatura, cuja seleção de literatura ocorreu utilizando as plataformas PubMed e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde - BVS, com utilização dos seguintes descritores para buscas: (TDAH) AND (Nutrição, Dieta e Alimentação) para as buscas na BVS e (ADHD) AND (Diet, Food, and Nutrition) OR (few foods diets) para buscas na PubMed, cujas publicações tenham ocorrido nos últimos 5 anos (2018-2023). Ao longo do trabalho foram apresentadas discussões a respeito dos impactos dos alimentos ultraprocessados ao indivíduo com TDAH, a importância dos micronutrientes no tratamento do TDAH e a relação da dieta com poucos alimentos com o TDAH. Diante disso, a utilização da dieta de poucos alimentos, que considere a redução de alimentos ultraprocessados favorecendo a utilização de alimentos in natura e/ou minimamente processados a partir da orientação do profissional nutricionista, respeitando e promovendo a diminuição da eventual seletividade alimentar e déficit nutricional, emergem como ferramentas promissoras ao tratamento do TDAH. Cabendo, ainda, destacar o papel fundamental da atuação interprofissional para o bom andamento do tratamento e promoção de melhor qualidade de vida e saúde dos indivíduos com TDAH.
O impacto do uso de máscaras faciais na compreensão de emoções em crianças e adolescentes: desafios e estratégias para a comunicação e interação social
Authors: Batista João Victor Falcão , Fagundes Beatriz Pereira , Fernandes Michael Arthur Lamela Roma , Juelg Rita de Cassia Lompa , Marinheiro Juliana Martins
Published: February 2024

Introdução: A pandemia de COVID-19 levou ao uso generalizado de máscaras faciais, gerando preocupações sobre seu impacto nas habilidades sociais e emocionais de crianças e adolescentes. Desenvolvimento: Foi conduzida uma revisão integrativa da literatura, com busca de artigos nas bases de dados PubMed e SciELO. Foram selecionados estudos experimentais, revisões sistemáticas e transversais. Estudos apontaram que o uso de máscaras pode limitar a compreensão de expressões emocionais, ao ocultar informações relevantes da face. Além disso, o uso contínuo de máscaras pode afetar a saúde mental, gerando estresse e ansiedade nessa faixa etária. No entanto, as crianças e adolescentes têm demonstrado resiliência em adaptar-se a essa nova realidade. Estratégias que enfatizem a comunicação não verbal e criem ambientes empáticos são cruciais para auxiliá-los a superar essas dificuldades. Conclusão: O uso de máscaras faciais impactou a compreensão emocional e a saúde mental de crianças e adolescentes. Estratégias que promovam a comunicação não verbal e ambientes empáticos são fundamentais para apoiar seu bem-estar emocional. Ainda que haja escassez de estudos robustos, a análise dos artigos selecionados fornece valiosos insights para orientar futuras pesquisas e intervenções, visando apoiar crianças e adolescentes nesse cenário de transformações sociais e comportamentais significativas.
Avaliação da satisfação pós-operatória em pacientes submetidos à rinoplastia primária: uma revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Fernandes Giovana Gomes , Da Silva Itaiana Pereira Cordeiro , Dezincourt Alexandre Vasconcelos , Da Silva Fábio Palma Albarado , Da Silva Rodrigo Lemos , Do Amaral Naiade de Oliveira , Rodrigues Fabiola Vasconcelos da Silva , Olinto Bianca Sousa Duarte Rotoli
Published: February 2024

A rinoplastia é um dos procedimentos cirúrgicos mais realizados no mundo, tanto para fins funcionais quanto estéticos. É considerada uma das cirurgias mais exigentes tecnicamente, devendo o cirurgião ter o olhar estético para produzir uma face harmônica após a intervenção nasal. A satisfação dos pacientes varia conforme fatores como sexo, idade, cultura, escolaridade e nível de expectativa. A dificuldade em interpretar as expectativas dos pacientes, faz com que o índice de satisfação pós-rinoplastia seja baixo. A seleção dos pacientes também é algo importante, já que uma porcentagem significativa pode demonstrar insatisfação mesmo com o bom resultado cirúrgico. Existem algumas medidas de resultados disponíveis para avaliar a satisfação pré e pós-operatória, além da qualidade de vida dos indivíduos submetidos à referida cirurgia. O Teste de Classificação da Aparência Facial (FAST) é empregado para avaliar o resultado da rinoplastia; já a Escala de Aparência de Derriford Ford (DAS-59) avalia o efeito da aparência na qualidade de vida; ao passo que o Questionário de Avaliação de Resultados da Rinoplastia (ROE) é um questionário padronizado e de fácil aplicação que avalia a qualidade de vida após a cirurgia. Assim, em comparação com outros procedimentos estéticos, a rinoplastia possui uma taxa de satisfação bem menor e a dificuldade do procedimento atrelada às expectativas irrealistas dos pacientes contribui para essa realidade. Compreender as razões por trás das insatisfações dos pacientes é crucial para a melhoria dos resultados.
Tumor Fibroso Solitário cervical com múltiplas metástases em paciente com diagnostico inicial de meningioma metastático: relato de um caso de difícil manejo
Authors: Carlos Marina Cremasco Nicoli Amaral , Brito Alberto Henrique de Jesus , Rocha Ricardo Mai , Santos Marco Homero de Sá , De Almeida Marcelo Lemos
Published: February 2024

Este relato de caso tem como objetivo trazer à luz da cirurgia geral, cabeça e pescoço e patologia oncológica os diagnósticos diferenciais de massas cervicais, bem como influenciar na suspeição de diagnósticos por punções, em pacientes previamente já diagnosticados com lesões /massas suspeitas, podendo contribuir para diagnostico precoce, tratamento e seguimento adequados de neoplasias raras. Abstract: This case report aims to bring to the light of general surgery, head and neck and oncological pathology the differential diagnoses of cervical masses, as well as to influence the suspicion of diagnoses by punctures, in patients previously diagnosed with suspicious lesions/masses, which may contribute for early diagnosis, adequate treatment and follow-up of rare neoplasms.
Fatores de risco associados às patologias peri-implantares: revisão de literatura
Authors: Da Silva Amanda Paulino , De Oliveira Bárbara Tamires , Do Nascimento Samara Lima , Soares Mariana Sales de Melo
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão da literatura integrativa destacando os fatores de risco associado às doenças peri-implantares. Metodologia: Foram avaliados artigos científicos encontrados por meio dos descritores peri-implantite, mucosite, fatores de risco, implantes dentários nas seguintes bases de dados: LILACS, MEDLINE, BIREME e PUBMED dos anos de 2000 à 2023. Artigos com estudos in vitro foram excluídos. Conclusão: Diante das buscas realizadas na literatura os fatores de riscos encontrados com maior frequência foram o diabetes mellitus, higiene oral deficiente, geriátricos, histórico de periodontite e a relação tabaco. Dos 16 artigos selecionados para revisão, 10 demonstraram que os fatores de risco podem prejudicar a sucesso do implante e citam a importância do planejamento e cuidados no pré, trans-operatório e pós-operatório junto as orientações durantes as visitas periódicas, para avaliação dos tecidos que circundam o implante. Contudo, pacientes com algum fator de risco podem se tornar pacientes aptos a realizar uma reabilitação com implantes dentários.
Doença de Still com Síndrome de Ativação Macrofágica: um relato de caso
Authors: Araújo Ana Paula Camargos , Carneiro Jamille Nascimento , Santana Lucas de Oliveira Silva , Moreira Andressa Gabrielle , Paiva Julia Dourado
Published: February 2024

Introdução: A Doença de Still é uma condição inflamatória sistêmica rara, de etiologia desconhecida, que atinge principalmente jovens. Cursa com a tríade: febre, erupção cutânea maculopapular e artrite ou artralgia. Seu diagnóstico é clínico, geralmente de exclusão durante a investigação de febre de causa não conhecida. O tratamento consiste no controle da atividade inflamatória, tendo os corticoides como primeira linha. Objetivo: Apresentar os elementos envolvidos na Doença de Still, com enfoque nos marcadores biológicos para o diagnóstico precoce e, além disso, analisar os desafios do tratamento e do manejo das complicações. Métodos: O relato foi feito com autorização do paciente por meio do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido, bem como em conformidade com regras do comitê de ética do hospital. Realizado a coleta de dados do prontuário eletrônico, e analisado  os fatores de risco, investigações propostas e tratamento realizado. Resultados: Paciente de 17 anos, feminina, com quadro de febre alta, poliartralgia e rash cutâneo. Exames laboratoriais evidenciaram elevada atividade inflamatória e tomografia computadorizada de tórax mostrou alterações pulmonares. Após exclusão de outras causas, estabeleceu-se o diagnóstico de Doença de Still com Síndrome de Ativação Macrofágica (SAM). Foi realizado manejo inicial com corticosteróides, com resposta parcial, necessitando do uso de imunobiológico para resposta satisfatória. Conclusão: A Doença de Still é uma condição rara com difícil diagnóstico. A análise de marcadores biológicos pode auxiliar na identificação da doença, prevenindo evoluções de mau prognóstico, como a SAM. Ainda, vale ressaltar o desafio do manejo devido a falta de protocolos terapêuticos.