bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamical Analysis of Beams Lying on Discontinuous Linear Winkler Foundation
Authors: Sınır Berra Gültekin , Dönmez Demir Duygu , Kahraman Emine
Published: December 2024

Analysing the dynamic behavior of beams lying on a discontinuous linear Winkler foundation involves considering the interaction between the beam and the supporting foundation. The Winkler foundation is a simplified model that represents the soil or support underneath the beam as a series of linear springs. When the foundation is discontinuous, it means that the properties of the foundation change along the length of the beam. The geometry of the beam, including length, cross-sectional shape, and material properties is defined while obtaining the mathematical model.
The discontinuous linear Winkler foundation is established by specifying the spring constants or stiffness values along the length of the beam. The discontinuity could occur at certain points or intervals. The equation of motion involves considering the forces and moments acting on the beam, including the effects of the foundation springs. For solving the dynamic equations, numerical methods or analytical solutions based on mode shapes and frequencies are used. To understand how the dynamic response is influenced by the interaction between the beam and the discontinuous linear Winkler foundation, dynamic amplification factors are evaluated.
Dynamical Analysis of Composite Beams Subject to Compressive Load
Authors: Dönmez Demir Duygu , Sınır Berra Gültekin , Bozdoğan Yardım Betül
Published: December 2024

Analyzing the dynamical behavior of composite beams under compressive loads involves consid-ering various factors such as material properties, geometry, boundary conditions, and loading condi-tions. The dynamic response of a composite beam can be studied using analytical methods, numeri-cal simulations, or experimental testing. Composite materials often involve layers of different mate-rials with distinct properties. Composite beams with different materials are used in many application areas, with the particular advantage of providing lightness, high strength and customized mechani-cal properties. During the design phase, it is important to perform a careful engineering analysis to minimize incompatibilities and potential problems between materials. Transition regions between different materials ensure a homogeneous material transition and reduce incompatibilities between materials. These regions help reduce stress concentrations that may occur in material transitions. Besides, it is considered whether the compressive load applied to the composite beam is constant or varies with time. the equation of motion for the composite beam based on appropriate structural mechanics principles is derived. The differential equation is solved to obtain the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the composite beam.
Investigation of Quasi-Static Penetration Test Behavior of Polyurethane Foam-Filled Sandwich Composites
Authors: Örnek Oğuzhan , Arman Yusuf
Published: December 2024

Sandwich-structured composites are preferred in applications where material strength is crucial, and they also absorb the energy of external impacts on the material. Sandwich-structured samples were manufactured by filling polyurethane foam between PVC foam sheets as the core material. Glass fiber-reinforced epoxy composite sheets used as the surface layers. In this study, the quasi-static perforation behavior of polyurethane foam-filled composite materials with same core thicknesses but different speed and penetrator was investigated. PVC with 10mm thickness was used and glass fibers with 1 mm thickness reinforced epoxy sheets used as the surface sheet material. These composite materials produced using the vacuum infusion method. The upper and lower PVC parts of the samples to be tested were cut into squares with a side length of 500 mm. The interior was then filled with polyurethane foam, leaving no gaps, and a sandwich structure was built using strong adhesive. After drying for 24 hours, the samples were chopped into 100x100 mm dimensions using a chainsaw and semi-static perforation tests were performed using a Shimadzu testing device with two speeds and two penetrator types. In quasi-static perforation tests, it was observed that the flat penetrator type absorbs more energy than the hemispherical penetrator at the same speed. If the penetrator types are same, it was observed the absorbed energy at the hemispherical penetrator is not affected much from speed. It was concluded that more energy is absorbed by the flat penetrator with lower speed.
Numerical Analysis of Ballistic Performance of Hybrid Polymer Composites
Authors: Al-Shamary Aidel Kadum Jassim , Abed Abdul Rahman N. , Karakuzu Ramazan
Published: December 2024

This study represents numerical study to evaluate the ballistic performance of hybrid composite material which consist of S2-glass and Kevlar. Hybrid composite materials were modelled with thickness of 6.5 mm and plane dimensions of 100 x 100 mm for each configuration using LS-DYNA. The structure of specimens has been modelled by six different configurations. Then all specimens were subjected to five different velocities from 453 to 797 m/s. The results show that the largest ballistic velocity limit was achieved for the sample consisting of seventeen layers of S2 glass and six layers of Kevlar.
A Comprehensive Document Analysis of Green Infrastructure Case Studies in the Global South
Authors: Ahmad Jana , Burcu Doğmuşöz Burçin
Published: December 2024

With the rapid pace of urbanization and increasing environmental challenges, it is crucial to prioritize the adoption of sustainable practices. Unfortunately, these practices are often considered a privilege restricted to wealthy communities. The negative consequences of this inequality are experienced mostly in countries situated in the Global South. These countries are often categorized as developing countries and low-income areas, making them the most vulnerable to natural hazards. This study undertakes a document analysis approach for green infrastructure practices in urban areas of the Global South. Using a document analysis technique, it integrates findings from 20 case studies and highlights common challenges and recommendations. The selection criteria for the case study analysis focused on public engagement and perception, as community-driven projects tend to have better long-term outcomes. Given that most countries in the Global South are affected by natural hazards, it is important to raise awareness of green infrastructure projects and emphasize cost-effective, community-driven initiatives. The purpose of this research is to serve as a foundation for future primary research or case studies, and encourage governments and stakeholders to prioritize the implementation of sustainable practices in these vulnerable regions.
Mulheres, família e cotidiano: um esboço a partir da Nova História e da filosofia política de John Rawls
Authors: Pedrassa Prates Letícia , Dreher Heuser Ester Maria
Published: December 2024

Este artigo aborda o contraste entre a história das mulheres, influenciada pela Nova História e pelos movimentos feministas, e as ideias de John Rawls em Uma Teoria da Justiça, focalizando a dimensão da família. Recorre ao saber histórico para apreender as especificidades das experiências vividas pelas mulheres para, a partir disso, questionar a abordagem rawlsiana sobre a família como instituição responsável pelo desenvolvimento do senso de justiça. Considerando certos aspectos da dinâmica familiar e das estratégias políticas que dela se utilizam, percebe-se a relação entre as violências cometidas contra as mulheres e questões ligadas à classe social e ao racismo.
Alguns paradoxos dos devaneios da infância
Authors: Wunenburger Jean-Jacques
Published: December 2024

O texto "Alguns paradoxos dos devaneios da infância", apresentado por Jean-Jacques Wunenburger, é um resumo de uma palestra realizada no evento online "Bachelard Brasil: 140 anos de nascimento do filósofo". Na palestra, Wunenburger explora a relação entre a infância e a imaginação, destacando a importância dos devaneios na formação do espírito científico e na poética, com base nas ideias de Gaston Bachelard. O autor propõe três perspectivas sobre a infância, abordando a transição de uma abordagem psicanalítica para uma fenomenologia da memória, enfatizando a valorização das memórias de felicidade e a idealização da infância como um estado atemporal. A palestra convida os participantes a refletirem sobre as complexidades e a beleza do mundo infantil, bem como as ambiguidades que Bachelard deixou em aberto em sua obra.
BEST AVAILABLE TECHNOLOGIES IN POULTRY PRODUCTION
Authors: Ivanova O. , Tereschenko V. , Ivanov E. , Lyubimova Yu. , Malorodov V.
Published: December 2024

The article provides information on updating the information and technical reference book on the best available technologies ITS-42-2023 “Intensive breeding of poultry”. Data on technological indicators of emissions of pollutants into the air for poultry farms are presented and a brief description of the content of the main sections of the information and technical reference book is given.
DEVELOPMENT DYNAMICS OF HELMINTISES OF CATTLE ON FARMS OF THE AMUR REGION
Authors: Bondarenko G. , Solov'eva I. , Truhina T.
Published: December 2024

Helminth infections cause significant damage to livestock production, which consists of infection of young animals, decreased meat and dairy productivity, deterioration in the quality of hides and wool, animal mortality, and other losses. Annual monitoring of the territories of the Russian Federation unfavorable for helminthiases among the livestock of farm animals is relevant. During the period 2018-2022. a reduction in the number of studies was revealed, helminthiases caused by Neoascaris vitulorum, Trichocephalus ssp., Strongyloides papillosus, Setaria labiatopapillosa, Strongylata spp. were identified, including Dictyocaulus viviparus, Trichostrongylus sp., Paramphistomata spp., Fasciola hepatica and Moniezia sp.. Strongylata are constantly circulating spp. The influence of the flood on increasing the infection rates of cattle with Strongyloides papillosus, Strongylata spp., Paramphistomata spp. has been established. and Moniezia sp.
THE PROSPECTS OF OBTAINING MYCOTOXIN ADSORBENT BASED ON LIGNING FROM NEUTRAL-SULPHITE ALKALINE
Authors: Mingazova L. , Kryakunova E. , Kanarskaya Z. , Ziatdinov A.
Published: December 2024

One of the serious problems in livestock farming is contamination of feed with mycotoxins. Therefore, it is relevant to use adsorbents in mixtures with feed that bind mycotoxins in the gastrointestinal tract. The feasibility of enzymatic treatment of liquors with enzyme preparations to obtain insoluble lignin, which can be used as a feed additive to combat mycotoxins, has been shown.
THE USE OF NUTRIENT SOLUTIONS IN THE CULTIVATION OF HYDROPONIC GREENS FROM NAKED BARLEY
Authors: Nemzorov A. , Isachkova O. , Larina N.
Published: December 2024

The article presents research materials on the use of nutrient solutions in the cultivation of hydroponic greens from naked barley with the study of their effect on the growth of green mass. It was found that nutrient solution No. 2 had the greatest positive effect on plant growth parameters in relation to control: on the eighth – 20.1 mm (P > 0.999), on the ninth – 24.9 mm (P > 0.999) and on the tenth day – 27.2 mm (P > 0.999), and in comparison with plants grown with the use of solution No. 1: on the third day – 2.4 mm (P > 0.95), the fourth – 3.8 mm (P > 0.95) and the tenth day – 8.9 mm (P > 0.95).
THE EFFECT OF COW LONGEVITY ON THE EFFICIENCY OF THE BREEDING PROCESS IN THE HERD
Authors: Gromova T.
Published: December 2024

The influence of the duration of economic use of cows on the results of breeding work per generation has been determined. With a reduction in longevity by 0.6 lacts. in one generation, the indicators of lifelong milk productivity decrease by 10-12%, the variability of traits – by 4.3%, and the proportion of animals suitable for selection into the leading group of the herd – by 7.3%.
QUALITATIVE INDICATORS OF MARES' MILK
Authors: Mongush S.
Published: December 2024

The article examines and analyzes the results of the research conducted to study the dynamics of changes in the composition and properties of mares' milk in different seasons of the year in the conditions of the central and southern breeding zones of the Republic of Tyva. A method for evaluating the quality of milk by the percentage of the main components included in its composition is described.
EFFECTIVENESS OF MULTI-PHASE FEEDING YOUNG FATTERN PIGS
Authors: Mordechko P.
Published: December 2024

This paper examines the possibility of increasing animal productivity and economic efficiency of pork production using multiphase feeding of young fattening pigs. During research, it was found that multiphase feeding helps to increase the growth rate of animals, the efficiency of feed use and additional profit.
IDENTIFICATION OF HAPLOTYPE HH6 IN HOLSTINS DAIRY CATTLE POPULATIONS OF DOMESTIC BREEDING
Authors: Spiridonova E.
Published: December 2024

Modern molecular methods make it possible to conduct DNA diagnostics of breeding animals and identify carriers of hidden genetic defects, thereby excluding them from the breeding process. During the research, a method was developed for performing PCR-RFLP to identify polymorphism of the SDE2 gene.
MODELING OF THE SELECTION PROCESS DURING INDEX ASSESSMENT BY THE SIGNS OF PRODUCTIVITY, PRODUCTIVE LONGEVITY AND FERTILEITY OF RED SPOT BREED COWS
Authors: Terent'eva N. , Adzhibekov K. , Netesov A.
Published: December 2024

Methods for selecting the best animals based on several characteristics can be divided into stage-by-stage selection and selection based on the index of general breeding value. Productive longevity, productivity and fertility of dairy cows include several traits characterized by variability, economic importance and correlation between their phenotypes and genotypes, and heritability (h2), genetic (rg) and phenotypic correlations (rp) between several traits included in the index general breeding value, allow us to calculate regression weights per phenotypic unit of each trait and its relative economic importance for forecasting [1]. As a result of the research, heritability coefficients (h2) were identified for the following traits: age in lactation 0,08 – 0,11; milk yield for 305 days of lactation in kg 0,27 – 0,41; the calving interval in days is 0,04 – 0,06. Phenotypic correlations (rp) were established within the following limits: between age at calving and calving interval 0,32 – 0,33; between the age at calving and milk yield for 305 days of lactation in kg from minus 0,04 to 0,06; between milk yield for 305 days in kg and the calving interval in days 0,11 – 0,15. Genetic correlations (rg): between age at calving and calving interval minus 0,31 – 0,33; between the age at calving and milk yield for 305 days of lactation in kg 0,02 – 0,11; between milk yield for 305 days in kg and the calving interval in days minus 0,15 – 0,18.
MARAL BREEDING. INDUSTRY TERMINOLOGY
Authors: Tishkova E. , Tishkov M.
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this article was to study professional terminology, to reveal its essence and features in the maral breeding industry. The paper uses a descriptive method, the object of the study is the terms of the maral breeding industry. With the development of this industry, terminological vocabulary becomes the most mobile element for scientific literature, new terms and terminological phrases.
INFLUENCE OF ENERGY NUTRITION CONTENT OF MIXED FEED ON POULTRY PRODUCTIVITY
Authors: Yadrischenskaya O.
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of a study on the change in the energy nutritional value of compound feed when quails of the meat and egg direction of the Omsk breed are kept. It was found that the use of experimental compound feeds made it possible to reduce the cost of consumed feed, increase productivity, and reduce the cost of eggs.
IMPACT OF THE DEGREE OF INBRIDNG OF BULLS ON THE GROWTH AND MILK PRODUCTIVITY OF THEIR DAUGHTERS
Authors: Yaranceva S.
Published: December 2024

The object of research is an array of livestock of holstinized black-and-white breed with a high genetic potential for dairy productivity. The purpose of the studies is to assess the degree of inbreeding of animals in the herd and to identify the effects of the degree of inbreeding on the quantitative and qualitative indicators of cow productivity. An analysis of experimental animals (191 cows from 28 bull-producers) showed that on average the proportion of outbred cows is 28.3%, the remaining 71.7% were inbred to varying degrees. Of the animals obtained as a result of related breeding, the main share is occupied by cows with remote and moderate inbreeding - 53.4 and 17.8%, respectively. The inbreeding rate of cow fathers was at 3.99-9.48%, meaning all bulls used are from moderate inbreeding.
USE OF BY-PRODUCTS OF ALCOHOL PRODUCTION FROM NON-TRADITIONAL PLANT RAW MATERIALS IN THE EXTRUSION TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Amelyakina M. , Sharikov A. , Ivanov V.
Published: December 2024

The work shows the prospects of using secondary raw materials from alcohol production, which processes non-traditional raw materials, in the technology of extruded products. This technical solution contributes to the greening of production, reduction of waste, and allows expanding the range of inexpensive functional ingredients. The influence of the introduction of secondary raw materials from non-traditional raw materials formed within the framework of an integrated alcohol production technology on the structural, mechanical, and color characteristics of extrudates is shown.
PRODUCTION OF SMOKED PORK DELICACIES USING WILD SPICES OF THE REPUBLIC OF TYVA
Authors: Bondarenko O. , Oorzhak K.
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of the analysis of the improvement of the technology and technique of the production of smoked pork delicacies using the wild spice "Tyva-kulcha" (wild garlic). Smoked meat delicacies include brisket, ham, balyk, pork, bacon, and some types of sausages. The use of Tyva-kulcha as a spice is primarily aimed at supporting local producers of meat products and popularizing the products of the local brand. When developing a new technology, a comparative analysis of the different percentage of "Tyva-kulcha" from the amount of raw materials was carried out. The result of the tasting evaluation showed that the product containing 10 grams has the brightest and most balanced taste. "Tyva-kulcha" for 1 kg of raw materials.
Targeting STAT3 with SH-4-54 suppresses stemness and chemoresistance in cancer stem-like cells derived from colorectal cancer
Authors: Zhang Xu-Fan , Chen Qian , Jiang Qin , Hu Qiong-Ying
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Over the years, the numbers of treatment options for colorectal cancer (CRC) have increased, leading to notable improvements in the overall survival of CRC patients. Although therapy may initially yield positive results, the development of drug resistance can result in treatment failure and cancer recurrence. This resistance is often attributed to the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs). These CSCs not only contribute to therapeutic resistance but also play crucial roles in the initiation and development of tumor metastasis.

AIM

To investigate the antitumor effects of SH-4-54, which are mediated by targeting CSCs relative to treatment outcomes.

METHODS

CSCs were enriched by culturing CRC cells in serum-free medium. Hallmarks of stemness and IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling were detected by Western blotting. Indicators of CSC malignancy, including proliferation, invasion, and tumor formation, were measured.

RESULTS

In this study, we employed SH-4-54, which exhibits anticancer activity in solid tumors through targeting the SH2 domain of both the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 and the STAT5, and evaluated its effects on stemness and chemoresistance in colorectal CSCs. As expected, SH-4-54 treatment inhibited the phosphorylation of STAT3 (p-STAT3) and decreased the percentage of ALDH1A1-positive CRC cells. The addition of SH-4-54 dissociated colorectal spheroids and decreased the expression of stemness markers, including ALDH1A1, CD44 and Nanog. SH-4-54 treatment decreased IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling by inhibiting p-STAT3 and thus inhibited spheroid formation by SW480 and LoVo cells. Moreover, SH-4-54 treatment inhibited indicators of malignancy, including cell proliferation, invasion, and tumor formation, in CSCs in vitro and in vivo . Notably, SH-4-54 treatment significantly increased chemosensitivity to oxaplatin.

CONCLUSION

Taken together, these results indicate that SH-4-54 is a promising molecule that exerts antitumor effects on colorectal CSCs by inhibiting STAT3 signaling.
Digital Badges: A Pilot Study of Employer Perceptions
Authors: Kahle-Piasecki Lisa , Bereza Matthew , Cumberland Denise M.
Published: December 2024

Digital badges are becoming increasingly popular as a way to document both formal and informal learning. For badges to be valuable, employers must recognize them as such. As individuals consider working towards badges to document their training and learning, there is a need to determine their current value and worth in the current job market and their application to human performance technology. This research will discuss the results of a survey of employers in Northwest Ohio, who were asked their opinions on their current practices and perceptions in recognizing employee’s professional development and performance authenticated by a digital badge. The survey conducted in 2020 found that more than half of the human resource directors felt digital badges would play an important role in hiring in the future.
Integrating Theory and Practice: A Typology of Adversity and Resilience Strategies Among Entrepreneurs
Authors: D'Mello Jason , Ensher Ellen , Bledsoe Olivia Dell , Clark Avery , Whiting Vicki
Published: December 2024

Entrepreneurship involves significant challenges that require resilience. This study examines how entrepreneurs confront and manage adversity by integrating theoretical frameworks with practical experiences. Using Richardson’s (2002) metatheory of resilience and Hartmann et al.’s (2022) adversity typology, we analyze data from semi-structured interviews with 25 diverse entrepreneurs, conducted before and after the pandemic. Our findings identify key resilience strategies and provide a detailed typology of adversity. This research highlights the importance of support systems, self-care practices, and a growth-oriented mindset in fostering entrepreneurial resilience.
How to Embed “Gamification” Into Entrepreneurship Courses to Enhance Student Engagement
Authors: Kara Aycan , Russell Lisa M.
Published: December 2024

Student engagement is a critical factor in educational success, influencing learning outcomes and retention rates. This paper explores the concept of gamification as an innovative strategy to enhance engagement in entrepreneurship courses. Gamification, which involves incorporating game design elements into non-game contexts, leverages students’ intrinsic motivations such as competition, achievement, and collaboration. The paper discusses how gamification elements like rewards, points, badges, and leaderboards can be integrated into course activities to foster higher levels of engagement and motivation. Additionally, the authors highlight the potential of gamification to develop real-world skills such as problem-solving, collaboration, and critical thinking. Practical examples and considerations for implementing gamification in the classroom are provided. The paper concludes that gamification, when thoughtfully applied, can significantly enhance student engagement and learning outcomes in entrepreneurship education.
Entrepreneurship Program Evaluation: Examining the Impact of a Training Program on Women and Underrepresented Groups
Authors: Cumberland Denise M. , Kerrick Sharon A. , Cocco Adam R. , Tapolsky Mary A.
Published: December 2024

The health of a competitive economy relies on many factors, particularly innovation and entrepreneurial endeavors. Entrepreneurship education is a critical component in propelling economic and societal efforts. Thus, more and more entrepreneurship training has been introduced over the years. The aim of this study is to evaluate an entrepreneurship training program with specific interest in women and underrepresented groups. Using Kirkpatrick’s evaluation model and a pre-post quasi-experimental design, we assessed Kirkpatrick’s outcomes at three levels: reaction/satisfaction, knowledge gain, and intention/results. We were able to parse out the various levels in Kirkpatrick’s model, thus netting the impact on these two groups.
Sharing Vitality at the Moments of Meeting
Authors: Chen Wei , Liu Tongwei , Dong Da
Published: December 2024

In this article, first, we argue that the concept of ‘vitality forms’ endows direct social perception (DSP) with suitable constructed percepts. Vitality forms capture how embodied actions unfold in the process, encapsulating the how-dimension of action, which provides a
new dimension for understanding the multiplicities of action. Second, we discuss how vitality forms, as a diachronic gestalt, are completed and recognized in the process of dyadic sharing. We attempt to invoke another concept advocated by Daniel Stern, ‘moments of meeting’, thereby
emphasizing the temporality problem of the constructed percepts in DSP. In these special moments, the minds of both parties intersect and co-construct a shared experience that can be perceived or seen by each participant. That is, vitality forms are a consequence of the co-construction within
the dyad at the moments of meeting.
Unlimited Associative Learning and the Theory-Light Approach to Non-human Consciousness
Authors: Gottlieb Joseph
Published: December 2024

Birch (2022a) proposes a theory-light methodology for studying whether invertebrates have the capacity for (phenomenal) consciousness. The success of any such methodology turns on the positive markers it proposes, and whether they are genuinely ecumenical. After providing an account
of what it is for a marker to be ecumenical, it is argued that one of the more influential set of markers offered – unlimited associative learning – clearly counts as positive evidence for consciousness on only a small handful of theories, rendering Birch???s theory-light approach
tacitly theory-heavy. What emerges is a broader lesson concerning what exactly is required for the theory-light framework to be successful.
Presentación. La tradición como lugar común
Authors: Silva Guadalupe
Published: December 2024

Presentación. La tradición como lugar común
Vida y Archivo: he vivido como en un archivo de textos
Authors: Arcos Jorge Luis
Published: December 2024

1-Vida y Archivo: he vivido como en un archivo de textos
Tiempo e ironía en la segunda época de La Habana Elegante (1998-2015)
Authors: Fernández Rocío
Published: December 2024

En este trabajo me propongo abordar las maneras en que la revista La Habana Elegante (segunda época) (1998-2015) dirigida por Francisco Morán reconfigura la temporalidad y utiliza la ironía para, por un lado, diseñarse un espacio propio dentro del campo de las publicaciones periódicas dirigidas por cubanos fuera de la isla, y, por el otro, disputar el canon cubano y reescribir la tradición. Para eso, me centraré en el análisis de las continuidades y rupturas que se producen en base a la primera época de la misma revista, sobre todo en torno a la sección “Ecos y murmullos”, y en las operaciones que se realizan en torno a la figura de Julián del Casal.
La apuesta editorial del Correo del Domingo (1864-1867): literatura por entregas e ilustración semanal
Authors: Pas Hernán
Published: December 2024

El Correo del Domingo ha recibido atención en los últimos años sobre todo a partir de su carácter ilustrado. Retomando esos aportes, el presente trabajo propone leer el semanario porteño como un intento de reproducción del formato magazine, que en Europa cobraba impulso con las publicaciones encabezadas por The London Journal (1845-1883), y que en América Latina tenía su versión continental con El Correo de Ultramar (1842-1886), empresa a la que, seguramente, el publicista y editor argentino José María Cantilo tuvo en mente a la hora de lanzar su periódico. Bajo la designación de “periódico literario ilustrado”, el Correo del Domingo exploraba por primera vez en Buenos Aires una competencia en el mercado literario de las entregas.
El inconmensurable vínculo de un autor con su época Ballón Aguirre, J. (2022). El legado multicultural de Martí y la voz peruana de Emerson. (767 pp.) Madrid: Pliegos
Authors: Aubé Candelaria Palomo
Published: December 2024

El legado multicultural de Martí y la voz peruana de Emerson, publicada en 2022 por la Editorial Pliegos, es la última obra del investigador peruano José Ballón Aguirre, quien cuenta con varios trabajos que abordan el vínculo entre estos dos autores. Entre ellos se destacan Autonomía cultural americana: Emerson y Martí (publicada también por la Editorial Pliegos) y Lecturas norteamericanas de José Martí: Emerson y el socialismo contemporáneo (1880-1887). En este último aparece también la versión comentada de la necrológica que Martí dedicó a Emerson luego de la muerte de este último. De esta manera, la obra a reseñar se inscribe en una línea de trabajo extremadamente fructífera para el autor.
La belleza del escombro. Perilli, C. (2024). El almirez (123 pp.). Buenos Aires: Corregidor
Authors: Aguierrez Oscar Martín
Published: December 2024

Leo El Almirez y veo la belleza del escombro. Las piedras de una vida se amontonan sobre las veredas de una ciudad que a veces es San Miguel de Tucumán, otras Medinas, otras Concepción, otras Monte Bello, pero siempre es Aguilares, esa ciudad del sur tucumano, la ciudad de las avenidas. Leo El Almirez y detrás de esa palabra nueva para mí (del árabe clásico mihrās, machacar) resuena un cascajo. Carmen Perilli lo sabe, sabe que ha escrito un libro con ritmo de cocina para moler las especies, las historias, triturar el tiempo y demoler edificios. Sabe que machaca, pulveriza la escritura para ofrecernos a través de ella la belleza de la ruina, eso tan conmovedor que sentimos al observar cómo una estrella se va muriendo.
The Practical Guidance of Music Aesthetics in Musical Art Practice
Authors: Fan Yangshuai
Published: December 2024

In musicology, music aesthetics is a fundamental discipline that highly summarizes musical art and uses it as a starting point to explore the laws and essence of music, providing guidance for musical art practice. With music aesthetics as the foundation, audiences can clearly grasp emotional expressions and performance styles in musical art practice, leading to a deeper understanding of musical works. The degree to which performers master music aesthetics can also be demonstrated through musical art practice. Music aesthetics and musical art practice complement and promote each other. Music is not only an art form but also a practical activity. Continuous innovation in theory within practical activities guides the activities of musical art practice. This paper aims to discuss the importance of music aesthetics and musical art practice for the development of music, their intrinsic connections, and the specific guiding significance of music aesthetics in musical art practice, hoping to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for music creation, performance, and education.
Before Words. Music and Its Natural History
Authors: Bruni Domenica , Esposito Fabio
Published: December 2024

The paper investigates the evolutionary origins of music, focusing on its adaptive function and phylogeny. We compares theories such as Steven Pinker's, who sees music as a non-adaptive by-product, Charles Darwin's ideas that music evolved through sexual selection as a signal of intelligence and fitness, and Herbert Spencer's, who argued that music evolved from emotional expression rather than reproduction. Other perspectives highlight the role of music in social cohesion and emotional expression. The paper also examines modern research that questions whether sexual selection is the sole driver of evolution, suggesting a complex and multidisciplinary understanding of the role of music in human evolution.
Mapping Buildings from Semi-Informal Settlements Using Non-Parametric Classifiers: A Case of Old Naledi
Authors: Mpoeleng Wame , Segobye Mooketsi , Ouma Yashon , Moreri Kealeboga , Manisa Bagadzi M. , Nkwae Boipuso , Maphale Lopang , Nkhwanana Nyaladzani
Published: December 2024

Building footprints are essential for planning and designing new infrastructure like water reticulation, electricity transmission, sewer, and road networks. They are also necessary for delivery, census, and disaster management. It is therefore important to have up-to-date maps and GIS databases for service provision. However, mapping building of footprints in semi-informal settlements is problematic because of the spatial heterogeneity of settlements. This study evaluates three non-parametric machine learning algorithms for extracting building footprints from WorldView-2 (WV2) satellite imagery in a semi-informal settlement. WV2 satellite imagery data was fused with gray-level co-occurrence matrices (GLCM) to enhance building extraction. The algorithms used include the Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), Random Forest (RF), and Support Vector Machine (SVM). The results indicate that GLCM does not improve the detection of buildings when using the GMM algorithm, but it increases building detection with RF and SVM. The GMM algorithm achieved the highest average accuracy of 92% for building detection. However, SVM and RF have an overall accuracy of 79% and 70% respectively. Though RF did not perform very well in identifying individual buildings, its overall accuracy was high. The outcome indicates that machine learning algorithms can adequately map building footprints from high-resolution satellite imagery.
Fixed-Bed Adsorption Dynamics of Total Organic Carbon from Gamodubu Landfill Leachate Using Biochar Derived From Gaborone Wastewater Treatment Plant Sewage Sludge
Authors: Tshenyego Lamong Duke , Odirile Phillimon T , Gaboutloeloe Gilbert. K.
Published: December 2024

In developing countries like Botswana, addressing leachate treatment presents considerable difficulties, especially regarding the management of sewage sludge (SS). This research evaluated the capacity of activated biochar, derived from sewage sludge, to adsorb Total Organic Carbon (TOC). Biochar was produced under conditions with limited oxygen, by placing approximately 50 grams of dried sewage sludge in sealed porcelain crucibles and heating them at a rate of 10°C per minute to 400°C for four hours. The resulting biochar (WWSBC400) was then stored in plastic bags in a dry environment. The pyrolysis yield was calculated as the ratio of the weight of the produced biochar to the initial weight of the dry sewage sludge. The study identified the maximum adsorption capacities (qm) for TOC in landfill leachate solutions, highlighting surface precipitation as a key adsorption mechanism for WWSBC400. Additionally, the removal of carbon ions using biochar produced from sludge at Gaborone's wastewater treatment facility was investigated. Continuous adsorption columns were utilized to demonstrate TOC solution adsorption, with performance evaluated in a fixed-bed column through model simulation. The Thomas model was used to compare experimental kinetic data, with the experimental data generally aligning well with the Thomas model, achieving a correlation coefficient (R²) of 0.9114 for the first round of activated biochar removal. The adsorption capacity of the biochar was recorded at 389.265 mg/g after 14.5 hours of column adsorption, with regeneration studies showing varying adsorption capacities of 742.82 mg/g, 875.47 mg/g, 682.13 mg/g, and 735.21 mg/g for successive rounds. Surface precipitation was found to be a vital process for carbon adsorption onto WWSBC400. In conclusion, using sewage sludge biochar for co-contaminated soil shows potential for heavy metal immobilization, presenting a viable option for environmental rehabilitation.
Navigating Climate Change: A Review of Policies in Botswana, Africa, and Beyond
Authors: Makoba Mmoloki , Chaba Tshenolo Larona , Ramontsho Question Jaden
Published: December 2024

This paper is an insightful perspective analysis of Botswana climate change policies in an effort to establish their effectiveness in relation to regional and international initiatives. For a critical review of both mitigation and adaptation efforts by different countries, the effectiveness is analysed, including their strengths and inadequacies noted, and recommendations made towards enhancing policy coherence and effectiveness. It examines the steps Botswana and other countries have taken to cut greenhouse gas emissions, improve energy efficiency, support the use of renewable energy sources, and implement sustainable land management practices. The paper also delves into Botswana's efforts to build climate resilience, such as creating a National Adaptation Plan and incorporating climate considerations across various sectors.
Flexible Vegetation Behavior under Varying Areal Densities and Effects on Flow Structures: Numerical Observations
Authors: Busari Afis O. , John Kelvin A.
Published: December 2024

This study carried out extensive numerical studies on a refined “One dimensional (1-D) Reynolds Averaging Navier-Stokes (RANS) Model” for vegetated open channel flow. In the 1-D RANS model, the Spalart Allmaras closure model was used to model the turbulence caused by eddies within the vegetation zone and the interface between the top of the vegetation and the clear water zone. In this work, numerical simulations using 1-D RANS model are carried out using dataset obtained from the laboratory under different hydraulic conditions of varying areal vegetation densities. Three classes of highly flexible vegetation densities were simulated: low, medium and highly dense vegetation. The model predictions in terms of mean vertical stream-wise velocity profile and Reynolds Shear Stresses were compared with the laboratory flume experimental results. The 1-D RANS model performances were satisfactory for low and medium densities. However, discrepancies were seen in the model prediction for highly dense vegetation. Hence, the hydraulic roughness parameters in the numerical model has been modified for model re-calibration to capture the position of zero-displacement of velocities. Using the modified parameters, the velocity profiles and the Reynolds Shear Stresses were predicted with very low uncertainty.
Performance-Based Evaluation of Steel Fibre Reinforced Normal- and High-Strength Concretes Using Statistical Analysis of Experimental Database
Authors: Adewuyi Adekunle P. , Animbom Odette
Published: December 2024

The widespread acceptance of concrete can be attributed to its unique characteristics, despite inherent drawbacks such as brittleness and weak tensile strength. The study was aimed at evaluating the optimal content and characterization of steel fibres required to impede crack propagation and enhance overall strength of concrete. The influence of critical factors like fibre content, length, diameter, and volume fraction on the performance of steel fibre reinforced concretes (SFRC) through statistical analysis of 209 experimental data. The influence of these factors on the compressive, flexural, and tensile strengths of concrete was analyzed as a function of the mean and coefficient of variation of the normalized strength values. The study found that steel fibres in concrete produced success rates of 67.9% (7.1% average strength improvement = ASI) in compressive strength, 78.5% (38.2% ASI) in flexural strength and 84.2% (23.8% ASI) in tensile strength. The study further separately examined the impact of steel fibres on both normal strength concretes (NSC) and high strength concretes (HSC). The findings indicated an overall success rate of 60% (6.97% ASI), 69.9% (38.36% ASI), and 75.6% (23.59% ASI) for compressive, flexural, and split tensile strength, respectively, in NSC. However, higher degree of strength enhancement of 74.0% (7.16% ASI), 84.8% (39.21% ASI), and 86.6% (23.51% ASI) were recorded for compressive, flexural, and split tensile strength, respectively in HSC. The research underscores the effectiveness of incorporating steel fibres as a reinforcement strategy in enhancing various strength aspects of concrete.
Empirical Scrutiny of Geopolymer Concrete Containing Locally-produced Superplasticizer under Varied Temperatures
Authors: Agashua Lucia Omolayo , Arum Chinwuba , Oluyemi-Ayibiowu Bamitale Dorcas , Ikumapayi Catherine Mayowa
Published: December 2024

Cement manufacturing companies contribute greatly to carbon-dioxide emission during production, hence there is need for novel eco-friendly or biodegradable cementitious material, which has the same strength and also durable. Geopolymers which are eco-friendly waste materials, which can also reduce construction cost are therefore considered for this purpose. The geopolymer stabilizing materials, fly ash (FA), kaolin clays powder (KCP), rice husk ash (RHA), and alkaline activator (procured sodium silicate, waste-created sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide) were added at 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10%, to the naturally created superplasticizer geopolymer concrete (GPC), so as to solve the problem of workability and efflorescence associated with fly ash based GPC. FTIR results shows major absorbance band at the region between 950 and 3250 cm−1. It means that addition of the naturally made superplasticizer to the geopolymer concrete lowered the viscosity and increased the flow behavior of concrete. The geopolymer concrete consists of super plasticizer (1.5%) and optimum of various binders i.e. 5% FA + 7.5% KC + 10% RHA + aggregate + water. At temperature above 70°C both compressive strength and weight decreases, for naturally made and purchased sodium silicate. The optimal geopolymer product showed substantial strength and durability enhancements at 70°C temperatures, with strength and durability values decline above 70°C, indicating material deterioration. A positive correlation between hot-state temperature, strength and durability properties was also established. The R2 of the Feret on the test set reaches 0.967, indicating its excellent predictive performance.
Maternal outcomes in pregnant women with COVID-19: impact of disease severity, timing of intervention, and SARS-CoV-2 variants
Authors:   Republican Specialized Hospital Zangiota-1, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, ALIMOVA Khilola Pulatovna , IBADOV Ravshan Aliyevich , TYAN Tatyana Valerievna , IBRAGIMOV Sardor Khamdamovich
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to analyze maternal outcomes in pregnant women infected with COVID-19, focusing on the impact of disease severity, timing of medical intervention, and the effect of different SARS-CoV-2 variants. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 9,288 pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19. Disease severity was classified as mild (30%), moderate (52%), severe (17%), and critical (2%). The study also examined the timing of medical care, with 41.6% of women seeking care within 7 days of symptom onset and 58.4% after 7 days. The average gestational age was 271.8 days, with the majority (93.8%) at full-term pregnancy. Results indicated that 88.2% of women continued their pregnancies during treatment, while 11.9% experienced pregnancy termination, including preterm deliveries and miscarriages. The study found a significant (p<0.01) association between COVID-19 severity and adverse outcomes, such as preterm birth and maternal mortality. Severe and critical cases demonstrated increased risks of uteroplacental insufficiency (52.1% and 85.5%, respectively), the need for intensive respiratory support, and ICU admission. The differences in outcomes between the Delta and Omicron variants are also highlighted. The Delta variant was associated with more severe disease and higher rates of complications, including a higher need for cesarean sections, compared to the Omicron variant. The overall 30-day survival rate was 98.05%, with a noticeable drop to 43.59% in critically ill patients. This study underscores the importance of early medical intervention and continuous monitoring in managing COVID-19 in pregnant women. The findings also emphasize the need to consider the variant-specific effects of SARS-CoV-2 on maternal and neonatal outcomes, which can guide clinical decision-making and improve the prognosis for both mother and child.
Factors Associated With Increased Sex Diversity in Orthopaedic Trauma Association-Accredited Fellowship Training
Authors: Silvestre Jason , Kermanshahi Nazanin , Ahn Jaimo , Harris Mitchel B. , Dehghan Niloofar
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

This study quantifies the state of sex diversity in orthopaedic trauma training and analyzes fellowship program characteristics associated with greater sex diversity among trainees. We hypothesized that greater sex diversity among orthopaedic trauma fellows would be associated with the presence of female faculty.

Methods:

This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study of orthopaedic trauma faculty (2023 to 2024) and fellows (2009 to 2024). A trainee analysis for orthopaedic trauma fellows was done relative to orthopaedic surgery residents and allopathic medical students. Fellowship program characteristics associated with increased sex diversity among fellows were elucidated with chi square tests. Temporal analyses were done with linear regression.

Results:

Overall, 1,266 orthopaedic trauma fellows and 200 were female (15.8%). Sex diversity in orthopaedic trauma fellowships was similar to orthopaedic surgery residency programs (14.2%, P = 0.135) but less than allopathic medical schools (47.5%, P < 0.001). Female representation in orthopaedic trauma fellowship training increased over the study period (9.1% vs. 31.5%, P < 0.001); 349 orthopaedic trauma faculty at 65 orthopaedic trauma fellowships and 41 were female (11.7%). Of the 65 fellowship program directors, only four were female (6.2%). The presence of female faculty was associated with greater sex diversity among orthopaedic trauma fellows (P = 0.017). Additional program characteristics, like geographic region, accreditation status, and number of faculty, were not associated with greater sex diversity.

Discussion:

Sex diversity is increasing in orthopaedic trauma fellowship training and is associated with the presence of female faculty. Efforts to mentor and recruit female trainees in orthopaedic trauma fellowship training may lead to greater workforce diversity in orthopaedic trauma.
Segmental Lordosis Restoration During Lumbar Degenerative Spinal Fusion: Surgical Techniques and Outcomes
Authors: Daniels Alan H. , McDonald Christopher L , Diebo Bassel G.
Published: December 2024

The science of spinal alignment has progressed rapidly since Jean Doubousset described the cone of economy in the 1970s. It is now clearly established that global and regional spinal alignment are associated with improved patient-reported outcome and rates of success of lumbar spinal fusion. Evidence has now emerged that segmental level-by-level alignment is also associated with positive patient outcomes. As such, restoring sagittal alignment matched to spinopelvic morphology during degenerative lumbar surgery can optimize surgical outcomes by preventing adjacent segment pathology. This review focuses on the vital importance of spinal alignment in different spinal conditions, provides a guide for measurement of spinopelvic parameters, and outlines literature regarding lumbar restoration in degenerative spinal fusion.