bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stakeholder Opinion on the proposal to introduce ‘Treat and Referral’ into the Irish Emergency Medical Service.
Authors: Power Brian , Bury Gerard , Ryan John
Published: November 2019

Background: The Irish ambulance services have traditionally transported all patients following an emergency (112/999) call, regardless of acuity, to an ED. A proposal to introduce Treat and Referral, an established care pathway in some jurisdictions, is under active consideration in Ireland. This will present a significant change. Stakeholder engagement is recognised as an essential component of management of such change. This study has conducted a multicentre, cross-sectional survey exploring opinions on the introduction of Treat and Referral among key Irish stakeholders; consultants in emergency medicine, paramedics and advanced paramedics. Methods: Public-sector consultants in emergency medicine, registered paramedics and advanced paramedics, in Ireland at the time of the study, were invited to complete an on-line survey. Results: A significant finding was that 90% of both cohorts (EM consultants and PHECC practitioners) support written after-care instructions being given to referred patients, that > 83% agree that Treat and Referral will reduce unnecessary ambulance journeys and that 70% are in favour of their own family member being offered Treat and Referral. Consensus was reached between respondents that Treat and Referral would improve care and increase clinical judgement of practitioners. Differences were identified in relation to the increased availability of ambulances locally, that only adults should be included, and that research was required to extend Treat and Referral beyond the index conditions. There was no consensus on whether GPs should be directly informed. Conclusions: This study identified that the Irish healthcare practitioners surveyed are supportive of the introduction of Treat and Referral into Ireland. It also affords healthcare policymakers the opportunity to address the concerns raised, in particular the clinical level which will be targeted for inclusion in this extended scope of practice.
Association between physical activity pain and injuries in children
Authors: Greca João Paulo de Aguiar , Korff Thomas , Ryan Jennifer
Published: November 2019

Background Children are advised to engage in physical activity to improve health. However, recent literature suggests an association between weight bearing activities, e.g. walking, and excessive joint loading in lower limbs of children. Excessive stress in joints of children may lead to pain or even cause injuries. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between pain, injury and physical activity in children.Methods This study had a cross-sectional design. 112 children aged 8-12 yr. (68 with normal weight, 38 with overweight or obesity) participated in the study. Moderate and vigorous physical activity were assessed using accelerometry over 7 days. Questionnaires were used to report pain (over 7 days) and injuries (over 12 months). Linear regression and negative binomial models were used to examine association between moderate activity, vigorous activity, and pain and injuries, respectively. Models were adjusted for potential confounders. Effect modification according to weight status was explored.Results There was no association between moderate physical activity and pain (β=0.0004, 95% CI -0.007 to 0.008; p=0.915) or between vigorous physical activity and pain (β=0.0069, 95% CI -0.08 to 0.22; p=0.354). Similarly, no association was found between moderate physical activity and injuries (Rate Ratio [RR]=1.00, 95% CI 0.99 to 1.01; p=0.995) or vigorous physical activity and injuries (RR=1.00, 95% CI 0.99 to 1.02; p=0.798). There was no evidence that associations between physical activity and pain or physical activity and injuries, respectively, differed according to weight status.Conclusions Although paediatric obesity is linked to a higher incidence of pain and injuries in children, this study did not find that moderate and vigorous physical activity are associated with pain or injuries in children, regardless of their weight status.
How common are Chinese patients with multimorbidity involved in decision making and having a treatment plan? a cross-sectional study
Authors: Lee Kam Pui , Wong Samuel Yeung Shan , Yip Benjamin Hon Kei , Wong Eliza Lai Yi , Chan Dicken , Chau Patsy , Luk Lawrence , Yeoh Eng-kiong
Published: November 2019

Background Creating a treatment plan (TP) through shared decision making (SDM) with healthcare professionals, is of paramount importance for patients with multimorbidity. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of SDM and TP in patients with multimorbidity, and study the association between SDM/TP with demographics and patients’ confidence to manage their diseases.Method This cross-sectional study used an internationally recognized survey. 1,032 patients aged 60 or above with multimorbidity, were recruited from a specialist outpatient clinic, general outpatient clinic (GOPC) and a geriatric day hospital. The proportion of patients reported to have SDM and TP were estimated. Associations between the presence of SDM/TP and patients’ demographic data, and the confidence level to manage their illnesses, were then studied using logistic regression.Results The prevalence of SDM and TP were 35.8% and 82.1%, respectively. The presence of TP was associated with receiving healthcare from the same doctor or in the same facilities, and being recruited from GOPC. Presence of SDM (OR 1.381, p=0.054) and TP(OR 2.195, p<0.0001) were associated with enhanced confidence in dealing with diseases.Conclusion Most people with multimorbidity had TP in Hong Kong, but fewer patients had SDM.Practice implications: Ways to promote SDM in HK are needed.
The clinicopathological features and prognostic value of lymphovascular invasion in patients with upper tract urinary carcinoma after radical nephroureterectomy: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.
Authors: Zhang Lijin , Wu Bin , Zha Zhenlei , Zhao Hu , Yuan Jun , Feng Yejun
Published: November 2019

Background and Purpose: Although the prognostic value of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) for upper tract urinary carcinoma (UTUC) have been described. There is lack of consensus regarding the prognostic factor of LVI in UTUC. The aim of present study was to evaluate the current evidence regarding the contemporary role of LVI through systematic review and meta-analysis according to the updated literatures.
Materials and Methods: In the light of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, a systematic search of Web of Science, PubMed and EMBASE was performed for all reports published until July 2019 that included detailed results on the predictors of LVI.
Results: Our meta-analysis included thirty one eligible studies containing 14,653 UTUC patients (81-1,363 per study). According to our final results, there was a significant correlation of LVI with worse cancer-specific survival (CSS) (HR=1.62, 95 % CI: 1.49-1.76, p < 0.001), overall survival (OS) (HR=1.55, 95 % CI: 1.41-1.71, p < 0.001), recurrence-free survival (RFS) (HR=1.46, 95 % CI: 1.32-1.61, p < 0.001), cancer-specific mortality (CSM) (HR=1.25, 95 % CI: 1.00-1.56, p = 0.047) and recurrence(HR=1.23, 95 % CI: 1.03-1.48, p = 0.026). In addition, LVI was also correlated with advanced TNM stage (III/IV vs. I/II: OR = 7.63, 95% CI: 5.60–10.39, p < 0.001), higher tumor grade (3 vs. 1/2: OR = 5.61, 95% CI: 3.71–8.48, p < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (yes vs. no: OR = 4.95, 95% CI: 3.66–6.71, p < 0.001), carcinoma in situ (yes vs. no: OR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.36–2.70, p < 0.001) and positive surgical margin (yes vs. no: OR = 4.38, 95% CI: 2.71–7.07, p < 0.001), but not related to gender (male vs. female: OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.80–1.19, p = 0.825) and multifocality (multifocal vs. unifocal: OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 0.82–1.47, p = 0.539). The funnel plot test indicated that no significant publication bias in the meta-analysis.
Conclusions: This study demonstrated that LVI was associated with more aggressive clinicopathological features and could serve as a poor prognostic factor for patient with UTUC after radical nephroureterectomy.
The effect of cytoreductive partial nephrectomy in elderly patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma：a systematic review
Authors: Zhuang Wei , Chen Jiabi , Li Yining , Su Xiaoping
Published: November 2019

Background To explore the survival value of cytoreductive partial nephrectomy (cPN) in elderly metastatic renal cell carcinoma (EmRCC).Methods RCC patients aged ≥65 years from 2010 to 2015 in The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Result database (SEER) were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier (K-M) method and multivariate COX analysis. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to balance effects of confounding factors such as general features and pathological features. We were committed to study the long-term survival advantages of cPN patients, explore the appropriate population of cPN, and try to establish a Nomogram model to predict individual survival.Results In EmRCC patients, especially in male patients with tumors size ≦7cm, N0 stage, or isolated metastases, cPN brought a better survival than cytoreductive radical nephrectomy (cRN). Tumor size and N stage were independent risk factors affecting the survival of cPN patients, cPN in patients with tumor size >7cm or N1 stage may present a higher risk of death.Conclusions The implementation of cPN in EmRCC patients who meet specific clinical characteristics like tumors size ≦7cm, N0 stage, or isolated metastases seems to help improve the tumor outcomes.
YAŞAM HAKKI ÜZERİNDE DÜŞÜNCELER
Authors: SAYGILI Abdurrahman
Published: November 2019

Makale yaşam hakkını
farklı bir bakış açısı ile ele almayı amaçlamaktadır. Modernite hayatı, ölüm
üzerinden anlamak yerine yaşam üzerinden anlamaya odaklanmıştır. Yaşam hakkı,
pozitif iktidarın beden siyaseti için biçilmiş bir kaftandır. Yaşam,
modernitede bütün toplumsal alanı kuşatan temel kavram haline getirilince,
hukukun en temel koruma alanı olarak ön plana çıkmıştır. Beden siyasetini göz
önüne almadan yaşam hakkını anlamak ise kaçınılmaz olarak eksik kalır. Akademik
bir disiplin olarak insan haklarının ve tabi ki insan hakları hukukunun en
temel ilgi alanı da yaşam olmuştur. Yaşam hakkı, Avrupa İnsan Hakları
Sözleşmesi’nde (AİHS), temel kurucu hak olarak yer alır. Sözleşmenin 2.
maddesinde düzenlenen hakkın, sözleşmenin yürürlüğü girişinden günümüze,
içtihatlar dolayımıyla kapsamı bir hayli genişletilmiştir. İçtihatların güçlü
etkisiyle sözleşmenin durağan bir metin olmaktan çıkıp dinamik bir içerik
kazandığı söylenebilir. Yine bu sayede sözleşmenin yeni ortaya çıkan durumlara
kendisini uyarladığını söylemek gerekir. Son olarak belirtmek gerekir ki
sözleşme metninde yer almamakla birlikte, kürtaj, ötanazi gibi birçok konu
içtihatlarda tartışılmıştır.
Solvent Perturbation of Protein Structures - A Review Study with Lectins
Authors: Mandal Pritha , Molla Anisur R.
Published: November 2019

Use of organic molecules as co-solvent with water, the ubiquitous biological solvent, to perturb the structure of proteins is popular in the research area of protein structure and folding. These organic co-solvents are believed to somehow mimic the environment near the cell membrane. Apart from that they induce non-native states which can be present in the protein folding pathway or those states also may be representative of the off pathway structures leading to amyloid formation, responsible for various fatal diseases. In this review, we shall focus on organic co-solvent induced structure perturbation of various members of lectin family. Lectins are excellent model systems for protein folding study because of its wide occurrence, diverse structure and versatile biological functions. Lectins were mainly perturbed by two fluoroalcohols – 2,2,2- trifluoroethanol and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol whereas glycerol, ethylene glycol and polyethylene glycols were used in some cases. Overall, all native lectins were denatured by alcohols and most of the denatured lectins have predominant helical secondary structure. But characterization of the helical states and the transition pathway for various lectins revealed diverse result.
Clinical Characteristics of Behcet’s Disease in 453 Egyptian Patients Suffering from Uveitis with Gender Comparison
Authors: Elshahaly Mohsen , Latif Iman Abd El , Bassiouni Hassan
Published: November 2019

Objective:

To describe the clinical features in patients with Behcet’s disease suffering
from uveitis in Egypt and to compare the findings between both genders.

Methods:

453 subjects fulfilling the 1990 Classification criteria for Behcet’s disease and with uveitis
in at least one eye. Follow-up was done for two years.

Results:

Oral ulcers and recurrent iridocyclitis occurred in all patients during their disease course.
The prevalence of genital ulcers, erythema nodosum, and joint involvement were similar between
both sexes. The prevalence of all ocular findings was higher in females except for retinal hemorrhages.
The incidence of secondary cataract and glaucoma in addition to vitreous opacities was
similar between both sexes. 13.7% of patients had GIT manifestations. Vascular complications
were present in 128 (28.2%) patients.

:

Aseptic meningitis and hemiplegia were only found in males. 1.7% of males and 3.2% of females
suffered from brainstem involvement. Superior sagittal sinus thrombosis was present in females
only. Acute phase reactants (ESR & CRP) were significantly higher in females (p<0.0001).

Conclusion:

The disease characteristics of BD patients with uveitis in Egypt might be different
from the BD patients of other countries. The markers of inflammation were higher in females compared
to males. The ocular manifestations were more common in females.
Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: The Causative Agents, Clinical Signs and Susceptibility to Fluconazole in Gonabad City, Northeast Iran
Authors: Minooeianhaghighi Mohammad Hassan , Sehatpour Marziyeh , Zarrinfar Hossein , Sen Tanuka
Published: November 2019

Background:

Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) is the second most common cause of genital tract infection in females. Excessive use of fluconazole and other azoles is likely to cause the emergence of the resistant species of Candida.

Objective :

The purpose of this research was to identify Candida isolates from RVVC and the antifungal effect of fluconazole against them.

Methods :

In this study, 152 patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis were evaluated for the RVVC form. The Candida isolates were purified using CHROMagar Candida and identified based on the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS1-ITS2 rDNA) sequence analysis by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The antifungal susceptibility of C. albicans isolates against fluconazole was determined according to document M27-A3.

Results:

Out of 152 patients, 20 cases (13.2%) were identified as recurrent form. The frequencies of the Candida species among the patients with RVVC were C. albicans (n = 16, 80%), C. parapsilosis (n = 3, 15%) and C. tropicalis (n = 1, 5%). The most common clinical sign was vaginal discharge (60%). The mean minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of fluconazole against Candida isolates were 32 µg/mL and 64 µg/mL, respectively.

Conclusion:

C. albicans was the dominant cause of RVVC. The Candida isolates showed relatively high resistance to fluconazole in vitro. Vaginal discharge was the most common clinical sign among patients with RVVC.
Contribution of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Determining Lumpectomy Cavity in Breast Radiotherapy
Authors: Demircioglu Ozlem , Tepetam Huseyin , Eren Ayfer Ay , Ozgen Zerrin , Demircioglu Fatih , Aribal Erkin
Published: November 2019

Background:

Accurate localization of the lumpectomy cavity is important for breast
cancer radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery (BCS), but the LC localization based on CT is
often difficult to delineate accurately. The study aimed to compare CT-defined LC planning to
MRI-defined findings in the supine position for higher soft-tissue resolution of MRI.

Methods:

Fifty-nine breast cancer patients underwent radiotherapy CT planning in supine position
followed by MR imaging on the same day. LC was contoured by the radiologist and radiation oncologist
together by CT and MRI separately. T2 weighted MR images and tomography findings
were combined and the LC volume, mean diameter and the longest axis length were measured after
contouring. Subsequently, patients were divided into two groups according to seroma in LC
and the above-mentioned parameters were compared.

Results:

We did not find any statistically significant difference in the LC volume, mean diameter
and length at the longest axis between CT and MRI but based on the presence or absence of seroma,
statistically significant differences were found in the LC volumes and the length at the
longest axis of LC volumes.

Conclusion:

We believe that the supine MRI in the same position with CT will be more effective
for radiotherapy planning, particularly in patients without a seroma in the surgical cavity.
Relationship Between Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha, Interleukin-10, Factor II and Factor V with Risk of Inhibitor Development in Patients with Severe Hemophilia A
Authors: Soori Shahrzad , Dadashizadeh Ghazaleh , Dorgalaleh Akbar , Tabibian Shadi , Keramati Mohammad R. , Alizadeh Shaban , Hosseini Maryam S. , Zaker Farhad , Shams Mahmood
Published: November 2019

Background:

About one-fourth of patients with hemophilia A (HA) develop alloantibodies against factor (F) VIII, as the main treatment challenge. Here, we assessed the relationship between interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), FII and FV polymorphisms and risk of inhibitor formation in patients with severe HA.

Methods:

We divided 39 patients with severe HA in two groups of case (n: 19) and control (n: 20). Genotyping was performed by multiplex amplification tetra arms refractory mutation systempolymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) and PCR-restriction fragment-length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).

Results:

TNFα rs1800629 G>A polymorphism decreased the risk of inhibitor development in codominant and dominant inheritance pattern. Moreover, TNFα rs1800629 A allele, decrease the risk of inhibitor formation, while IL10 rs1800896 A>G, FV rs6025 G>A, and FII rs1799963 G>A polymorphisms were not associated with risk of inhibitor development.

Conclusion:

It seems that TNFα rs1800629 G>A polymorphism decreased the risk of inhibitor formation in Iranian patients with HA.
Design Patent: A Unique Tool for Design Protection
Authors: Chen Rain
Published: November 2019

Design patent is deemed as a superb competitive tool in the design industry. The author
of this study delineates a co-opetition type of relationship of design patent with patent, trademark,
and copyright to assist designers to construct a correct core concept of design patent quickly. The
investigator proposed five key judgment factors based on infringement identification, and they are
(1) literal infringement, (2) doctrine of equivalence, (3) points of novelty test, (4) prosecution history
estoppel, and (5) prior art limitation. They can help designers clearly identify the legal right and
scope of their design. Lastly, the author proposed three new competitive tools for a design patent,
and they are (1) partial design patent, (2) computer-generated icons and graphic user interface, and
(3) derivative design patent. Using these three new design patent tools will enable designers to
effectively expand their design patent rights and maximize design benefits for their companies.
Mucoadhesive Buccal Patch Role in Emesis: Tweaked up by the Pivotal Permeation Enhancer: Sodium Lauryl Sulphate
Authors: Nishchaya Kumar , Kushwaha Swatantra K.S. , Aziz Namra , Bansode Himanshu , Tiwari Jagriti , Kumar Abhitendra
Published: November 2019

Background:

It has been observed that several diseases either acute or chronic have a specific
symptom that is emesis. Emesis leads to depletion and removal of several salts and biological essentials
required in the body. Domperidone is a D2 receptor antagonist, which triggers the chemoreceptor
trigger zone (CTZ) and hence used in the management of nausea and vomiting.

Objective:

The objective of this project was to formulate a buccal patch of domperidone with the use
of several polymers with a permeation enhancer. Since the oral bioavailability of domperidone is low
due to gastric degradation, hence a buccal patch was prepared to determine its bioavailability. The
purpose of this study was to formulate a buccal patch for better bioavailability and observe the effect
of permeation enhancer with polymers.

Method:

The mucoadhesive buccal patch was prepared using the solvent cast method. The characterization
studies were done along with the drug content and compatibility studies through FTIR.

Results:

It was observed that the polymers; sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (SCMC) & polyvinyl
alcohol(PVA) without sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) had low drug release, which was around 68% and
72%, respectively whereas polymers with SLS had markedly increased drug release, which was
around 89% and 91%, respectively.

Conclusion:

In order to obtain the maximum therapeutic efficacy of domperidone, buccal patches are
considered much more beneficial than oral dosage form. Permeation enhancer also helps to synergize
the effect of polymers which helps in better drug release and ultimately leads to better bioavailability.
A Novel Fault-location Method for HVDC Transmission Lines Based on Concentric Relaxation Principle and Wavelet Packet
Authors: Li Congshan , He Ping , Wang Feng , Yang Cunxiang , Tao Yukun , Ji Yuqi
Published: November 2019

Background:

A novel fault location method of HVDC transmission line based on a concentric
relaxation principle is proposed in this paper.

Methods:

Due to the different position of fault, the instantaneous energy measured from rectifier
and inverter are different, and the ratio k between them is the relationship to the fault location d.
Through the analysis of amplitude-frequency characteristics, we found that the wave attenuation
characteristic of low frequency in the traveling wave is stable, and the amplitude of energy is larger,
so we get the instantaneous energy ratio by using the low-frequency data. By using the method of
wavelet packet decomposition, the voltage traveling wave signal was decomposed.

Results:

Finally, calculate the value k. By using the data fitting, the relative function of k and d can
be got, that is the fault location function.

Conclusion:

After an exhaustive evaluation process considering different fault locations, fault resistances,
and noise on the unipolar DC transmission system, four-machine two-area AC/DC parallel
system, and an actual complex grid, the method presented here showed a very accurate and robust
behavior.
The effect of the field application upon the attitudes of the applying students of Garmian university towards the teaching career
Authors: Saeed Shwan Faraj
Published: November 2019

This research aimed to identify the attitudes of students of the Faculty of Education after application , the University of Garmiyan, towards the teaching profession. The sample of the study consisted of (166) students from the fourth stage students (summer applied students) in the Faculty of Education. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher used a measure of the direction towards the teaching profession that consisted of (31) paragraphs and verified the reliability and stability of the tool, and the study reached the following results:

Positive attitudes towards the teaching profession of the summer applied students as a result of field application in schools and expressed their answers that the field application will change their personality to the better levels.

There are statistically significant differences between the average of the student's scores to measure the trend towards the teaching profession between the chemistry and mathematics departments and for the benefit of the chemistry department as well. At this point, there were no significant differences among the other departments.

The researcher has come up with a number of suggestions and recommendations under the results of the research, which contribute to the improvement of various aspects of preparation for the employment of this professional teaching.
Pelacakan eskpresi protein pada testis mencit (Mus musculus) setelah paparan esktrak etanol daun mimba (Azadirachta indica)
Authors: Sitasiwi Agung Janika , Isdadiyanto Sri , Mardiati Siti Muflichatun
Published: November 2019

Abstract              Azadirachta indica (Neem) has been shown to affect the fertility of mice by interfering with the synthesis of testosterone in mice. The aim of this study was to detect the testes protein expression of mice after exposure to the ethanolic Neem leaf extract. The laboratory animals of this study were 20 male Swiss Webster mice with three months in age and body weight ranging from 27.5 grams. The mice were divided into two treatment groups, namely K (control group, exposed with distilled water) and P (treatment group, exposed to etahnolic Neem leaf  extract with 14 mg/animal /day). The treated were given for 21 days and the testicular protein was carried out on the 22nd day. The variables observed were testes weight, concentration and expression of proteins isolated from the testes. The protein concentration is determined by a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 450nm. The protein expression was observed and determined based on the results of protein electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The results showed that protein expression in the treatment group has a lower concentration compared to the control group. Those results  was confirmed by thinner bands in SDS-PAGE result. Those proteins thought to be a fertility determinant in mammals. Keywords : anti-fertility; Neem; protein expression Abstrak  Azadirachta indica (Mimba) telah terbukti mempengaruhi fertilitas mencit dengan cara mengganggu sintesis hormon testoteron pada mencit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melacak ekspresi protein pada testis mencit setelah paparan ekstrak etanol daun Mimba. Hewan uji penelitian ini adalah 20 ekor mencit Swiss Webster jantan dengan umur tiga bulan dan bobot badan berkisar 27.5 gram. Hewan uji dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok perlakuan, yaitu K (kelompok kontrol, dipapar akuades) dan  P (kelompok perlakuan, dipapar dengan ekstrak etanol daun Mimba dengan dosis 14 mg/ekor/hari). Pemberian bahan uji dilakukan  secara oral selama 21 hari. Variabel yang diamati adalah bobot testes, konsentrasi serta eskpresi protein yang diisolasi dari testis. Isolasi protein testis dilakukan pada hari ke-22. Konsentrasi protein ditentukan dengan spectrofotometer pada panjang gelombang 450nm. Ekspresi protein diamati dan ditentukan berdasar hasil elektroforesa protein. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekspresi protein pada kelompok perlakuan menunjukkan konsentrasi yang lebih rendah dengan pita yang lebih tipis jika dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah paparan ekstrak etanol daun Nimba menyebabkan gangguan ekspresi protein yang diduga berperan dalam menentukan fertilitas mamalia. Kata kunci : Mimba; anti-fertilitas; eskpresi protein;
Mycotoxin Binders Effect on Ovaries of Pregnant Mice Exposed to Zearalenone
Authors: Prastiya Ragil Angga , Samik Abdul , Saputro Amung Logam
Published: November 2019

Mycotoxin, a secondary metabolite produced by mushroom, has proven to cause various cytotoxic effects to animals. Zearalenone is one type of mycotoxin which is produced by Fusarium graminearum mushroom and has a cytotoxic effect to the reproduction system and cattle productivity by inducing apoptosis in the animal's ovaries, uterus, and placenta. This research tested the potentials of mycotoxin binders in eliminating the effect of zearalenone which can be seen from the expression of caspase 3, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), and the quantity of corpus luteum in the ovaries of pregnant mice (Mus musculus). Twenty mice were grouped into five different treatments, namely K+ (not exposed to zearalenone and mycotoxin binders), K- (0.1 mg/mouse/day of zearalenone dosage), P1 (0.1 mg/mouse/day of zearalenone dosage and 0.5 mg/mouse/day of mycotoxin binder dosage), P2 (0.1 mg/mouse/day of zearalenone dosage and 1 mg/mouse/day of mycotoxin binders), and P3 (0.1 mg/mouse/day of zearalenone and 2 mg/mouse/day of mycotoxin binders), with 10-days treatment time. The results showed that the potentials of mycotoxin binders could be found on the gradual decline in the expression of caspase 3 in P1, P2 and P3 compared to that in K- (negative control). The results also showed a significant difference in the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in K- compared to that in K+, P1, P2, and P3. Meanwhile, the quantity of corpus luteum in K- was also starkly different to that in K+, P1, P2, and P3. It can then be concluded that mycotoxin binders are very effective in eliminating the exposure of zearalenone.
Fibrillary Glomerulonephritis
Authors: Andeen Nicole K. , Troxell Megan L. , Riazy Maziar , Avasare Rupali S. , Lapasia Jessica , Jefferson J. Ashley , Akilesh Shreeram , Najafian Behzad , Nicosia Roberto F. , Alpers Charles E. , Smith Kelly D.
Published: November 2019

Background and objectives

Fibrillary GN has been defined as an immune complex-mediated GN with amyloid-like fibrils larger than amyloid which are IgG positive and Congo red negative. With discovery of DNAJB9 as a highly sensitive and specific marker for fibrillary GN, the specificity of the morphologic criteria for establishing the diagnosis of fibrillary GN has come into question.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

We sought to (1) determine anatomic characteristics that best define fibrillary GN and (2) identify clinical and pathologic features that predict outcomes.

Results

We retrospectively reviewed kidney biopsies from patients diagnosed with fibrillary GN or suspected fibrillary GN between 1997 and 2017 (n=266, 65% female, median age 61). Approximately 11% of kidney biopsies had one or more unusual feature including monotypic deposits, Congo red positivity, or unusual fibril diameter. Fibrillary GN as a possible monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance represented <1% of cases. Immunostaining for DNAJB9 confirmed fibrillary GN in 100% of cases diagnosed as fibrillary GN and 79% of atypical cases diagnosed as possible fibrillary GN. At a median time of 24 months (interquartile range, 8–46 months) after biopsy (n=100), 53% of patients reached the combined primary outcome of ESKD or death, 18% had CKD, and 18% had partial remission. On multivariable analysis, male sex (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 3.82; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.97 to 7.37) and eGFR were the most significant predictors of primary outcome (aHR of 8.02 if eGFR <30 ml/min per 1.73 m2 [95% CI, 1.85 to 34.75]; aHR of 6.44 if eGFR 30 to <45 ml/min per 1.73 m2 [95% CI, 1.38 to 29.99]). Immunosuppressive therapy with rituximab was significantly associated with stabilization of disease progression.

Conclusions

Detection of DNAJB9 is a useful diagnostic tool for diagnosing atypical forms of fibrillary GN. The outcomes for fibrillary GN are poor and progression to ESKD is influenced predominantly by the degree of kidney insufficiency at the time of diagnosis and male sex. Rituximab may help preserve kidney function for select patients with fibrillary GN.

Podcast

This article contains a podcast at https://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2019_11_04_CJN03870319.mp3
WESTERN BALKANS U. S. POLICY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE PRESIDENT TRUMP’S GRAND STRATEGY
Authors: Simić Dragan , Živojinović Dragan
Published: November 2019

Many critics of Donald Trump argue that Donald Trump’s Grand Strategy is an absence of Grand Strategy or that his foreign and security policy is driven by impulses and tactical approach. However, such policy leaves us with practical consequences which mean that we have to follow this sort of a Donald Trump approach to foreign affairs and politics in general. The best guide in that sense would be the 2017 U. S. National Security Strategy idea of principled realism which is the most important written strategic statement of the Trump administration up to this date. If Trump’s approach “is guided by outcomes not ideology” and if “prosperity depend on strong, sovereign nations that respect their citizens at home and cooperate to advance peace abroad”, then the U. S. policy to Western Balkans has to be considered in that context. The Prespa agreement between Greece and North Macedonia is one form of that approach put in practice. Having in mind Belgrade–Pristina negotiations and Bosnia and Herzegovina’s future as well, the main thesis of this paper is that we may expect some kind of unusual approach from the United States to this region, different from the framework that was set up in the 1990s. That will have consequences both for the region and for the outside great powers, especially the European Union.
SPOLJAŠNJE USLOVLJAVANJE EVROPSKE UNIJE I REGULATORNI ODGOVORI SRBIJE
Authors: Knežević Bojović Ana , Ćorić Vesna , Višekruna Aleksandra
Published: November 2019

U radu je sadržana kvalitativna i kvantitativna analiza važnih pokazatelja koji se odnose na usklađenost propisa Srbije sa pravnim tekovinama Evropske unije. Rad analizira opšti regulatorni okvir u postupku usvajanja propisa i regulatorni okvir koji se odnosi na proces pridruživanja. Polazna teza je da pridruživanje doprinosi fragmentaciji i može da kompromituje pitanje dobrog upravljanja. Imajući u vidu tu činjenicu, poseban značaj dobija sistemski odgovor za prevazilaženje fragmentacije.
Srbija ima razvijene institucionalne i regulatorne mehanizme koji mogu pomoći u prevazilaženju ovih problema, ali se oni ne primenjuju u dovoljnoj meri i treba ih jačati. Posebno se ukazuje na značaj analize efekata propisa, izradu tabela usklađenosti i jačanje uloge Republičkog sekretarijata za javne politike.
ULOGA PROPAGANDNIH AKTIVNOSTI U POLITIČKIM PREVRATIMA
Authors: Parezanović Marko , Željski Relja
Published: November 2019

U radu će biti analizirani i naučno sagledani uloga i značaj propagandnih aktivnosti koje imaju za cilj pružanje pomoći inspiratorima (ideolozima), finansijerima, organizatorima i sprovodiocima političkih prevrata, počev od pripremne, pa sve do završne faze njihovog delovanja. Posebna pažnja biće posvećena bezbednosnim aspektima pojedinih specifičnih instrumenata (postupaka i sredstava) koji su sve prisutniji u sprovođenju propagande osmišljene da bude podrška političkom prevratu, kao što su plasiranje dezinformacija i lažnih vesti (fake news), kako bi se odgovorilo na hipotetičko pitanje „da li su lažne vesti za prevratnike zapravo dobre vesti?”. Takođe, završni deo rada će biti fokusiran na rešenja, tehnike i taktike koje stoje na raspolaganju strukturama u čijoj nadležnosti se nalazi suprotstavljanje negativnim efektima „zlonamerne” propagande, posebno one koja je stavljena u funkciju političkog prevrata.
UNUTRAŠNJI KONFLIKTI I SPOLJNA POLITIKA SAD IZMEĐU INTERVENCIONIZMA I IZOLACIONIZMA
Authors: Cvetićanin Neven , Blagojević Milan
Published: November 2019

Sjedinjene Države danas ni približno ne predstavljaju monolitno jedinstveni i homogeni blok kakvim se prosečnom i laičkom posmatraču ishitreno mogu učiniti. Takvo stanje postalo je posebno očigledno nakon pobede Donalda Trampa na 58. predsedničkim izborima koji su polarizovali američku javnost više nego bilo koji u novijoj istoriji. Međutim, ideološka razilaženja koja su se intenzivirala u poslednjih par godina ne predstavljaju novinu i daleko su složenija i starija od sukoba na liniji Tramp–Klinton. Takođe, republikansko-demokratske nesuglasice ne ograničavaju se samo na pitanja pristupa i metodologije; po svoj prilici, iza njih stoje duboko i fundamentalno suprotstavljeni pogledi na svet čije se razmere često gube iz vida.
Spoljna politika SAD je, iako često skrajnuta od strane pitanja mnogo bližih prosečnom glasaču, poput migracija, oporezivanja ili zdravstvene politike, jedna od arena u kojima se pomenute ideološke pozicije sučeljavaju. Dve godine po preuzimanju funkcije, predsednik Tramp je svojim kursom izolacionističkog političkog nativizma približio Republikansku partiju njenim ideološkim korenima. No, različiti politički polovi koji obeležavaju američku unutrašnju politiku (konzervativni i liberalni) se zbog američkog transkontinentalnog uticaja projektuju na čitav svet, te će globalni odnos snaga među ovim polovima biti po svemu sudeći odlučen na američkom unutrašnjem planu, prvenstveno na izborima za predsednika SAD 2020. godine.
Determinación de los principales factores geométricos que influyen en el desgaste de las matrices de extrusión directa empleadas en la obtención en frío de perfiles de aleaciones de aluminio
Authors: Santana Reyes Santiago Amaury , Santana Milán Raúl , Guardia Puebla Yans , Morales Leslie José Félix
Published: November 2019

Within most employed processes of forming for series productions are extrusion processes. Die wear is one of the major disadvantages of this technological process, so that efforts are made to predict and mitigate its effect on the tool. In this research it simulates by the Finite Element Method, using the DEFORMTM-2D, the process of cold direct extrusion of aluminum alloys 6061-O in a die material AISI D2. It was analyzed geometric parameters of the die such as: the insidence angle, the extrusion ratio, the input radii, the bearing entrance length on the tool, and the friction coefficient; to determine the influence on the tool wear. The Archard's wear model is used to determine the wear intensity in the critical area of tool. The Plackett-Burman fractional factorial design is used to determine the main factors influencing the die wear standing out: the extrusion ratio, friction coefficient and the incidence angle as the main factors that affect the die wear and to a less extent the bearing entrance length at the entrance of the tool of the material and inputs radii. The principal factors have been related from a linear response surface.
Synergistic effect of nanocoatings for corrosion and wear protection of steel surfaces
Authors: Taha Tijerina José Jaime , Peña Parás Laura , Sánchez Fernández Antonio , Maldonado Cortés Demófilo , Sarmiento Barbosa Pablo , Adán López Jesús Rolando
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the corrosion and wear protection of a steel substrate by epoxy vinyl ester nanocomposite coatings with Zn and TiO2 nanoparticle fillers. Steel substrates were coated with epoxy vinyl ester nanocomposites, varying Zn and TiO2 nanofiller concentrations and combinations of both nanoparticles. Corrosion resistance was evaluated by salt spray fog test during 480h, according to ASTM B-117. The degree of damage was obtained quantitatively by measuring the enhancement in corroded area compared to the scribe mark. Tribological evaluation was performed with a ball-on-disk tribotester, according to ASTM G-99. Results showed that the combination of Zn and TiO2 nanofillers in an epoxy vinyl ester coating provide a synergistic effect, enhancing corrosion protection due to their combined corrosion and tribological reducing mechanisms.
Modelo de demanda de la actividad aérea en México
Authors: Herrera García Alfonso , González Moreno Jonatan Omar
Published: November 2019

Although there are various factors favouring travel by the air mode, one of them is purchasing power of users. The purpose of this research was to establish a model to estimate the air service demand for the different Mexican airports, based on marginalization degree of the inhabitants that they serve. Spatial accessibility method was used to delimit the zone of influence of each airport and in order to establish the demand models, statistical analysis of simple and multiple linear regressions, hypothesis tests and analysis of variance were conducted. With the obtained models, it was found that the air service demand can be explained by the marginalization degree of the population in the zone of influence of each airport, both domestic (adjusted R2 = 64.74 %) and international flights (adjusted R2 = 75.64 %). This is the first time that demand models are estimated for all the Mexican airports considering spatial accessibility and marginalization degree of population. In all cases of regression analysis, the variable that had effect on the passengers demand was the lowest marginalization degree. Also, it was observed that based on the standardized residuals, it is possible to objectively detect those airports that have greater potential to generate passenger demand in their zone of influence, as happened in the case of Pachuca airport, and airports which work as hubs.
Analysis of NOM-026-STPS-2008 in the manufacturing laboratory to improve productivity
Authors: Rivera Domínguez Claudia , Piñón Peña Paloma María , Villanueva Martínez Ignacio
Published: November 2019

This paper presents a diagnostic to detect that the safety and health signals comply was made with the requirements of NOM-026-STPS-2008 within a manufacturing laboratory, the study was carried out in concordance with the provisions of the afore mentioned regulations pertaining to the Secretaría del Trabajo y Previsión Social, which is the government entity in charge of carrying out the corresponding compliance inspections in Mexico in terms of colors and signs of safety and hygiene which a work center is operating. This study was made based on the measurements of the architectural plan of the place to the location of the machinery and tools. Was made to the location of safety and hygiene signs within the place, the identification of the existence of emergency facilities, of risks and hazards within the work area, the detection of the use of signage of obligation and prohibition that helps to control the risks. The most important limitation for the arrangement of the signals is the inadequate distribution in the work area, however, the study had to adapt to this circumstance. With the aforementioned, a proposal is made to rearrange the signage that is located in incorrect points, as well as mentioning the safety signals that are needed in the points identified within the site with their technical specifications. Finally, an area of opportunity is detected to improve the working conditions manufacturing laboratory and thereby contribute to avoid accidents and occupational diseases therefore preventive and corrective measures are applied with the proper use of signage in an area of work.
The non-fossil/fossil fuel mexican energy investment policy case: An alternative system dynamics goal seeking planning model
Authors: Domenge Muñoz Rogerio
Published: November 2019

There are increasing concerns in México regarding CO2 emissions, due to the use of fossil fuel based electric generation. Recently, several laws have been passed with the objective of increase the non-fossil participation in the energy portfolio mix. Although several objectives have been established, these would be hard to achieve if investments should continue to be directed mainly to fossil fuel technologies. This article presents a system dynamics decision support model, as an alternative method to the traditional modelling approaches. The model is used to assess the generation capacity requirements and to evaluate them in several simulated scenarios.
Construction of a power electronic source for cold plasma generation
Authors: Martínez Montejano Roberto Carlos , Castillo Escandón Carlos Miguel , Espinoza López Víctor Esteban , Campos Cantón Isaac , Neira Velázquez María Guadalupe , Soria Arguello Gustavo
Published: November 2019

This paper presents the development of a high voltage and high-frequency power electronics source, for plasma generation, at atmospheric pressure and vacuum, using helium and air as working gases. The source design consists of an inductive (L) full bridge series resonant inverter at high frequency, where the control implemented allows varying duty cycle and frequency. Plasma generation is made by high voltage with the power signal applied on two electrodes, which provides a strong electric field that excites, and thus, ionize helium particles or air particles. The power electronic source operation was tested in different plasma reactor configurations (dielectric barrier discharge, double dielectric barrier discharge, and jet type discharge). The developed power electronics source shows a correct performance and generate a strong electric field to achieve the plasma discharges desired.
EKSISTENSI PEMERINTAHAN DESA DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF ASAS SUBSIDIARITAS DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 6 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG DESA
Authors: Hariri Achmad
Published: November 2019

The existence of the Village Government in the perspective of Law Number 6 of 2014  concerning Villages is increasingly clear, it’s because the village is given the authority to manage and regulate its own household as known as the subsidiarity principle, while independence in managing governance in regional government is known as the principle of decentralization. This authority is given to realize the vision of the life of a prosperous and independent village government. But in the implementing regulations contrary to the concepts and principles of the establishment of the Village Law, there are several norms explicitly that village authority is still intervened by the government Supra Desa (Regional Government). The purpose of this study is to analyze the existence of village government. The results of this study recommend that there is a need for synchronization and harmonization between the regulations governing village authority, namely Law number. 6 of 2014 concerning Villages, Government Regulation Number 43 of 2014 concerning Implementation Regulations of Law Number 6 Year 2014 concerning Villages, and Government Regulation Number 60 of 2014 concerning Village Funds sourced from the State Budget.
HARMONISASI REGULASI KEPEMILIKAN TANAH PERTANIAN SECARA ABSENTEE BAGI PEGAWAI NEGERI DALAM PROGRAM LANDREFORM
Authors: Tristanto Yunizar Wahyu
Published: November 2019

Peoples needs can not be separated from the need of land . Once the importance of soil functions for society , need to be regulated in order to ensure the mastery and utilization at the same time in order to create legal certainty for the public . The problem that then arises since the start time of independence is disproportionate land ownership . In order to overcome these problems , the government has enacted Law No. 5 of 1960 About the Agrarian and the Reformation has been set TAP MPR No. IX / MPR / 2001 on Agrarian Reform and Natural Resources Management . One important aspect of the law with the enactment of the UUPA is a program of Landreform in Indonesia . Landreform became one of the alternatives for agrarian justice to resolve agrarian disputes and conflicts . one of the land reform program is the prohibition of absentee ownership of agricultural land. The problem that then occurs is the existence of exceptions in absentee land ownership . The problems regarding the permissibility of absentee ownership of agricultural land by the Servants . The exception contained in Article 3 Paragraph (4) of Government Regulation No. 224 of 1961 on the implementation of Land Distribution and Provision of Compensation. Ownership and control of agricultural soils in absentee in Article 10 Paragraph (1) UUPA is basically prohibited, but in Article 3 Paragraph (4) PP No. 224 years 1961, the government granted an exemption absentee ownership of agricultural land to some legal subjects of the Servant , retired civil servants , widows and widows of civil servants retired civil servants.