bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of spectral efficiency for OFDM cooperative cognitive networks with non‐linear relay
Authors: Hadavi Samira , Hosseini Seyyed Saleh , Talebi Siamak
Published: March 2021

This paper analyzes the downlink achievable spectral efficiency of an orthogonal frequency‐division multiplexing (OFDM) cooperative cognitive network with a non‐linear relay. The analysis is carried out subject to the power amplifier's (PA) non‐linear effect on the relay node which operates in the amplify‐and‐forward (AF) mode. Specifically, an analytical expression for the power spectral density (PSD) of relay output in terms of its source power is derived. By using the obtained PSD, the power of relay's PA output is derived for each subcarrier and the 1 dB compression point is determined. Then, the adjacent channel power (ACP) of each subcarrier is analytically derived in terms of secondary user (SU) source input power. Next, the signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR) of each subcarrier at destination (SU receiver) is calculated by considering the non‐linear effect of PA at the relay. Having the SINRs of all subcarriers, a constrained optimization problem on the source's input power is formulated in which the achievable spectral efficiency is the objective function and all ACPs being less than the interference temperature limit are its constraints. Finally, we perform some simulations and show that the numerical results are consistent with the analytical findings.
Finite‐horizon optimal tracking control for constrained‐input nonlinear interconnected system using aperiodic distributed nonzero‐sum games
Authors: Duan Dandan , Liu Chunsheng
Published: March 2021

This paper proposes a distributed adaptive dynamic programming scheme to investigate the optimal tracking control problem for finite‐horizon non‐linear interconnected systems with constraint inputs under aperiodic sampling. A N‐player nonzero‐sum differential game system is constructed with the presented non‐linear interconnected system and the tracking error system by introducing the augment vectors. To address the problems of constrained‐input and finite‐horizon control, a non‐quadratic utility function and a finite‐horizon cost function are utilized which will arise in the time‐varying Hamilton–Jacobi (HJ) equation. Then, a periodic event‐triggered scheme is designed to realize aperiodic sampling, where the consumption of communication resources is reduced and the Zeno behavior is avoided. Under the designed periodic event‐triggered scheme, the time‐varying HJ equation is almost impossible to get an analytical solution due to its hybrid properties and non‐linearity. Therefore, the critic neural networks are used to estimate the optimal solution of the HJ equation, and the weight update law is constructed to guarantee the uniformly ultimate bounded of approximated errors. Further, the hybrid nonzero‐sum differential game is confirmed to be uniformly ultimate bounded by using the Lyapunov theory. Finally, the obtained distributed PET control strategy is successfully applied to dispose the missile‐target intercepter problem.
Operational range extension method for limited‐angle torque motors with irregular slot numbers
Authors: Ma Pengcheng , Wang Qian , Li Yong , Jiang Shanlin , Zhao Meng , Feng Ziliang
Published: March 2021

A modified model of a limited‐angle torque motor (LATM) with irregular slot numbers is proposed for developing an operational range extension method for LATMs. The modified model is derived by considering the effects of the asymmetrical winding structure and magnetic flux leakage, which are validated by finite element analysis and experimental measurements. Based on the modified model, accuracy and time consumption of the simulation can be improved. For the operational range extension method, extended angle range selection theory and constraint conditions are proposed, and the relationship between the sinusoidal tracking characteristic and leading parameters is established by theoretical analysis. A simulation and a prototype machine experiment on an LATM using the new method are carried out. The results show that the proposed operational range extension method can reduce the weight and volume of the LATM without changing sinusoidal tracking characteristics, which proves the feasibility of applying the new method in the oscillating scan system to realize lightness and miniaturisation of the system.
State and output feedback boundary control of time fractional PDE–fractional ODE cascades with space‐dependent diffusivity
Authors: Chen Juan , Tepljakov Aleksei , Petlenkov Eduard , Chen YangQuan , Zhuang Bo
Published: March 2021

This study considers the boundary control problem of a time fractional partial differential equation (PDE) – fractional ordinary differential equation (ODE) cascaded system with spatially varying diffusivity and Dirichlet connection. Using the backstepping transformation, a full‐state feedback law is obtained. Meanwhile, the well‐posedness of kernel functions in this transformation is established theoretically. Subsequently, a Mittag‐Leffler convergent boundary observer is derived, which composes with the proposed state feedback law to enable stabilisation by output feedback. With the designed state and output feedback controllers, the Mittag‐Leffler stability of the closed‐loop system is then proved by the fractional Lyapunov method. Finally, the results of numerical simulations are provided for fractional cascaded plants when neither kernel ODE nor kernel PDE has an explicit solution.
Interval type‐2 fuzzy‐model‐based fault‐tolerant sliding mode tracking control of a quadrotor UAV under actuator saturation
Authors: Kim Han Sol , Hwang Sounghwan , Joo Young Hoon
Published: March 2021

In this study, a fault‐tolerant position tracking control of a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is addressed by proposing a model reference interval type‐2 (IT‐2) fuzzy‐model‐based sliding mode tracking control methodology. Considering the underactuated characteristic of the quadrotor UAV, first, the authors separate the overall dynamics of the quadrotor into the attitude, altitude, and position subsystems. Moreover, each of them is represented via IT‐2 fuzzy model to deal with uncertainties of its membership functions. After then, a linear reference model supposed to be tracked by each subsystem is designed, on which each tracking error dynamics is derived. Given the tracking error dynamics and additive actuator faults, an IT‐2 integral fuzzy sliding surface is proposed to enhance the robust tracking performance of the entire system. As a result, a linear matrix inequality‐based sufficient condition is derived to guarantee the asymptotic stabilisation as well as satisfying an tracking performance. Furthermore, a reachability condition of the designed sliding surface is also proposed. Finally, the authors provide design examples to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed position tracking control methodology.
Bibliometric analysis of human factors in aviation accident using MKD
Authors: Wan Ming , Liang Ying , Yan Lixin , Zhou Tuqiang
Published: March 2021

This study aims to provide a better understanding of human factors and human performance mechanism in aviation accident analysis by visualisation and taxonomy analysis using mapping knowledge domain (MKD). An overview of aviation accident analysis involving human factors is first conducted, followed by an introduction of several conceptual models and human reliability analysis methods. Finally, a specific framework for risk assessment of human factors in aviation is proposed. The human factors analysis and classification system structure combined with the quantitative method is the most frequently used mode in aviation accident analysis. From a macro ergonomic perspective, systematic consideration has been emphasised frequently in existing research. Pilots or individuals are thought to be associated with the organisations and environment they located in. On the other hand, the micro ergonomic aspect prefers a quantitative and probabilistic way to reveal the individual's failure mode or error rate. Based on previous studies, the proposed framework provides a systematic view to help with the evaluation of human performance in aviation, taking into account human issues as well as management and environmental factors.
Relativistic fluid modelling of gamma-ray binaries
Authors: Huber D. , Kissmann R. , Reimer O.
Published: March 2021

Context. In the first paper of this series, we presented a numerical model for the non-thermal emission of gamma-ray binaries in a pulsar-wind-driven scenario.

Aims. We apply this model to one of the best-observed gamma-ray binaries, the LS 5039 system.

Methods. The model involves a joint simulation of the interaction between the pulsar wind and the stellar wind and the transport of electron pairs from the pulsar wind accelerated at the emerging shock structure. We compute the synchrotron and inverse Compton emission in a post-processing step while consistently accounting for relativistic beaming and γγ-absorption in the stellar radiation field.

Results. The wind interaction leads to the formation of an extended, asymmetric wind collision region that develops strong shocks, turbulent mixing, and secondary shocks in the turbulent flow. Both the structure of the collision region and the resulting particle distributions show significant orbital variation. In addition to the acceleration of particles at the bow-like pulsar wind and the Coriolis shock, the model naturally accounts for the re-acceleration of particles at secondary shocks that contribute to the emission at very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-rays. The model successfully reproduces the main spectral features of LS 5039. While the predicted light curves in the high-energy and VHE gamma-ray band are in good agreement with observations, our model still does not reproduce the X-ray to low-energy gamma-ray modulation, which we attribute to the employed magnetic field model.

Conclusions. We successfully model the main spectral features of the observed multi-band, non-thermal emission of LS 5039 and thus further substantiate a wind-driven interpretation of gamma ray binaries. Open issues relate to the synchrotron modulation, which might be addressed through a magnetohydrodynamic extension of our model.
Anisotropic turbulent transport with horizontal shear in stellar radiative zones
Authors: Prat V. , Mathis S.
Published: March 2021

Context.Turbulent transport in stellar radiative zones is a key ingredient of stellar evolution theory, but the anisotropy of the transport due to the stable stratification and the rotation of these regions is poorly understood. The assumption of shellular rotation, which is a cornerstone of the so-called rotational mixing, relies on an efficient horizontal transport. However, this transport is included in many stellar evolution codes through phenomenological models that have never been tested.

Aims.We investigate the impact of horizontal shear on the anisotropy of turbulent transport.

Methods.We used a relaxation approximation (also known asτapproximation) to describe the anisotropising effect of stratification, rotation, and shear on a background turbulent flow by computing velocity correlations.

Results.We obtain new theoretical scalings for velocity correlations that include the effect of horizontal shear. These scalings show an enhancement of turbulent motions, which would lead to a more efficient transport of chemicals and angular momentum, in better agreement with helio- and asteroseismic observations of rotation in the whole Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. Moreover, we propose a new choice for the non-linear time used in the relaxation approximation, which characterises the source of the turbulence.

Conclusions.For the first time, we describe the effect of stratification, rotation, and vertical and horizontal shear on the anisotropy of turbulent transport in stellar radiative zones. The new prescriptions need to be implemented in stellar evolution calculations. To do so, it may be necessary to implement non-diffusive transport.
A preserved high-z compact progenitor in the heart of NGC 3311 revealed with MUSE 2D stellar population analysis
Authors: Barbosa C. E. , Spiniello C. , Arnaboldi M. , Coccato L. , Hilker M. , Richtler T.
Published: March 2021

Context. Massive early-type galaxies are believed to be the end result of an extended mass accretion history. The stars formed in situ very early on in the initial phase of the mass assembly might have originated from an extremely intense and rapid burst of star formation. These stars may still be found within the cores of such galaxies at z = 0, depending on their accretion and merger histories.

Aims. We wish to investigate the presence of a surviving high-z compact progenitor component in the brightest galaxy of the Hydra I cluster, NGC 3311, by mapping its 2D kinematics and stellar population out to 2 effective radii. Our goal is to understand the formation of its several structural components and trace their mass assembly back in time.

Methods. We combined MUSE observations, a customized and extended version of the state-of-the-art EMILES single stellar population models, and a newly developed parametric fully Bayesian framework to model the observed spectra using full-spectrum fitting.

Results. We present 2D maps and radial profiles of the stellar velocity dispersion, age, total metallicity, α-element, sodium abundance ([Na/Fe]), and the initial mass function (IMF) slope. All properties have significant gradients, confirming the existence of multiple structural components, also including a “blue spot” characterized by younger and more metal-rich stars. We find that the component dominating the light budget of NGC 3311 within R ≲ 2.0 kpc is the surviving z = 0 analog of a high-z compact core. This concentrated structure has a relatively small velocity dispersion (σ* ≈ 180 km s−1), is very old (ages ≳ 11 Gyr), metal-rich ([Z/H] ∼ 0.2 and [Na/Fe] ∼ 0.4), and has a bottom-heavy IMF (with slope Γb ∼ 2.4). In the outer region, instead, the line-of-sight velocity distribution becomes increasingly broad, and the stars are younger. They are also more metal and sodium poor but are richer in α-elements. The low-mass end of the IMF slope becomes Chabrier-like with increasing galactocentric distance.

Conclusions. The existence of multiple structural components in NGC 3311 from photometry, kinematics, and stellar populations confirms the predictions from the two-phase formation scenario for NGC 3311, according to which a first very short, high-z star-formation episode formed a compact stellar structure in its core, which then grew in size by the extended mass assembly of relatively massive satellites. Interestingly, the outer stellar population has an overabundant [α/Fe], most likely because NGC 3311, located at the center of the galaxy cluster, accreted stars from rapidly quenched satellites.
Chemical disorder induced positive magnetoimpedance in La0.7Pb0.3Mn0.35Fe0.65O3−δ and La0.7Pb0.3Mn0.3Fe0.7O3−δ manganites
Authors: Singh Priyanka , Singh Brajendra , Gupta Mukul
Published: March 2021

We report structural, magnetic and magnetoimpedance properties of La0.7Pb0.3Mn0.35Fe0.65O3−δ and La0.7Pb0.3Mn0.3Fe0.7O3−δ manganites. Bulk samples were prepared by solid state method. Rietveld refinement of the X-ray diffraction pattern shows the crystallization of these samples in trigonal crystal system. Fe doping at Mn site in La0.7Pb0.3MnO3 increases the lattice parameters and induces oxygen non stoichiometry in the lattice of La0.7Pb0.3Mn0.35Fe0.65O3−δ and La0.7Pb0.3Mn0.3Fe0.7O3−δ. La0.7Pb0.3Mn0.3Fe0.7O3−δ composition shows ∼180% positive magnetoimpedance at 1 Tesla magnetic field while La0.7Pb0.3Mn0.35Fe0.65O3−δ shows ∼75% positive magnetoimpedance at 320 K. Magnetization versus applied magnetic field measurement curves show the magnetic moment of La0.7Pb0.3Mn0.35Fe0.65O3−δ and La0.7Pb0.3Mn0.3Fe0.7O3−δ do not saturate up to 2 tesla magnetic field at 300 K. Fe+3 doping at Mn site in these manganites created chemically modified phase separated systems. Huge positive magnetoimpedance in 65% and 70% Fe doped manganites originated by maxwell wagner effect due to the chemical disorder induced phase separated states and dominated coulombic interactions.
Wheel slip ratio regulation for investigating the vehicle's dynamic behavior during braking and steering input
Authors: Shahabi Ali , Kazemian Amir Hossein , Farahat Said , Sarhaddi Faramarz
Published: March 2021

In this study, the vehicle's dynamic behavior during braking and steering input is investigated by considering the quarter-car model. The case study for this research is a Sport-Utility Vehicle (SUV) with the anti-lock braking system (ABS) and nonlinear dynamic equations are considered for it along with Pacejka tire model. Regulating the wheel slip ratio in the optimal value for different conditions of the road surface (dry, wet and icy) during braking is considered as the ABS control strategy. In order to regulating the wheel slip ratio in the optimal value, an intelligent adaptive fuzzy controller that can perform online parameter estimation is considered. In this regard, the proposed controller tracks the optimal wheel slip ratio with changing the condition of the road surface from dry to wet and icy. The adaptive fuzzy controller consists of linguistic base, inference engine and defuzzifier section. The wheel slip ratio and vehicle longitudinal acceleration are selected as inputs of the controller, controller adapter and detector of the road surface condition. During braking and steering input, effective parameters of the wheel that are affected on the vehicle's dynamic behavior and its stability are investigated.
Children’s attitude toward different types of primary schools in Bulgaria
Authors: Boiadjieva Nely , Vachkov Igor
Published: March 2021

This paper presents the results of research of children’s attitude toward education and atmosphere at primary school – what they like, which relationships exist among students and between students and classroom teachers, which activities are available during their free time at school and outside of it, and how they understand and spend their time with others at school. The research is focused on studying personal attitude, feelings of children, as well as choice and real opportunities of different types of schools in Bulgaria. Students share their opinion and ideas of what they would have changed in their own school if they had such an opportunity. The specificity of children’s attitude towards public and private schools in the capital and large cities is especially clearly visible. Private schools applying new ideas and pedagogical philosophy are more liberal and focused on children’s style in pedagogical interaction, have more flexible organization of educational process and school life inside and outside the classroom. Students’opinion about national and private schools as well as schools located in capital, capital area and provinces differs significantly. This is due to specifics of educational environment and different quality of education in different types of primary schools in Bulgaria.
The subjective view of teachers: the connection between emotional burnout and the quality of the educational process
Authors: Vagaeva Olga , Efremkina Irina , Liksina Elena , Liusev Valerii , Osipova Natalia
Published: March 2021

In Russia, the work of teachers at all levels of the education system is currently subject to increased and often contradictory and frequently changing requirements. Analysis of the literature on the research problem allowed revealing a contradiction between declaring the importance of a teacher’s professional activity, on the one hand, and on the other hand, increasing responsibilities, reporting, psychoemotional tension of pedagogical work, and insufficient interest in the subjective assessment of the current situation by very teachers. The purpose of the present study was to identify the degree of emotional burnout among teachers and the subjective perception by teachers of the relationship between emotional burnout and the quality of the educational process. The study used survey methods, testing using a specially developed form and a Questionnaire to identify the level of professional burnout and deformation, the so-called Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) in the modification of O. Polyakova. The conducted study has shown that the problem of emotional (professional) burnout of teachers exists in educational organizations at all levels. However, the focus of this study has been shifted from the fact of teachers’ emotional burnout to the subjective perception by teachers of their emotional burnout as a predictor of the educational process quality. The study has allowed revealing the severity of emotional (professional) burnout components, such as emotional exhaustion and reduction of personal achievements. Psychoemotional tension, stress, feelings of depression and fatigue, which can be considered as manifestations of professional burnout, are associated by the interviewed teachers with irregular working hours, a significant range of noncore activities, and a high level of responsibility, which, in turn, worsen the quality of the educational and upbringing process.
Health literacy in the urban health infrastructure: who maintains healthcare and how
Authors: Nekhorosheva Elena , Denisov Leonid , Alekseycheva Elena , Kasatkina Daria
Published: March 2021

Today we may witness a dire need to research how the urban environment influences urban health, well-being, and sustainability of local communities. The issue of urban health is closely connected with disease prevention projects and the integration of new preventive medical approaches with educational technologies. Due to a large number of responsible parties for the development of health literacy under the authority of different establishments, there is a problem to coordinate aligned activities. Thus the research of the healthcare institutions actions in health literacy development is extremely relevant. The objective of this research is to carry out an integral assessment of the degree to which the functions of preventing non-communicable diseases and developing health literacy are fulfilled by the sectors responsible for urban healthcare. The methods used in this research include a two-phase expert survey: the first group of experts (n: 24) selected the key aspects of healthcare activities, and the second group of experts (n: 35) assessed the quality of implementation of tasks by institutions in charge of disease prevention. The major problem is the lack of effective communication mechanisms in the sphere of intersectoral cooperation, informing the key disease prevention bodies of distributed responsibility, as well as state and social control of execution of laws and regulations. According to the obtained results, the state healthcare system is an important component of the health infrastructure. The functions connected with meeting the vital needs of the city population received medium-high ratings. However, the implementation of disease prevention functions by the healthcare system in Moscow was rated by experts at a low level. Besides, the experts consistently assigned an extremely low rating to the development of health literacy as one of the areas of activity covered by all sectors. To reinforce their outreach and awareness-raising work in the sphere of healthcare, executors of federal projects have to incorporate educational activities into their daily work.
Film club as a tool for developing the culture of experience among parents
Authors: Klimova Tatyana , Rossinskaya Anastasia
Published: March 2021

While observing the difficulties that parents experience in communicating with their adolescent children (for example, ignoring, misunderstanding, or underestimating the problems faced by teenagers, inability to build trust-based relationships, difficulties in discussing complex topics of interpersonal relationships, life choices, school problems, self-determination, etc.), the authors emphasized the need to search for methodological tools that can help overcome these problems of intergenerational communication through developing the culture of experience among parents. A film club for parents was chosen as a method. 30 parents of children (4–20 years old) watched a German TV series DRUCK (based on a Norwegian TV series SKAM) in Moscow from January to December 2020 offline and online. The functioning of this club was built over the methods of polylogue, non-judgmental interview, and amplification of sense. Observations, questionnaires, and interviews of the club members at the end of meetings allowed the authors to conclude the effectiveness of such a format for developing the culture of experience among parents and improving intergenerational relations. It was also proved that teen series have a great potential for developing the culture of experience among parents since they address topics relevant for teens and help observe the emotions and behavior of teens in a psychologically safe environment. Based on the study results, the authors developed methodological recommendations for organizing such film clubs and holding meetings for parents.
Activity-based introductory curriculum for mastering initial competencies: Natural Sciences for urban students
Authors: Yanishevskaya Maria , Vysotskaya Elena , Lobanova Anastasia , Khrebtova Svetlana
Published: March 2021

Acquiring and mastering initial competencies in Natural Sciences is especially hard for urban students, as their personal experience concerning the domain is poor and contradictory. While the researchers emphasize the importance of hands-on experiments, inter-domain integration and real-life contexts, the design of a consistent framework for introducing students to Natural Sciences is still a challenge. Based on the Cultural-historical theory (Vygotsky) and the Developmental instruction (Davydov) we have designed an activity-based introductory Natural Sciences curriculum for 5th-graders and tested it in our previous studies. In our new pilot teaching project we adapted our materials to primary education to examine the earliest stages of initial competencies formation. The experimental class (20 students, 6-7 years old) had three lessons a week within their regular schedule. Classroom observations, students' materials, quizzes, tests, audio-taped classroom discussions, teacher’s diary were used as data source for qualitative analysis. In this paper a sample fragment on making bread is presented alongside with students’ works and discussion. The results are discussed in terms of “shifts” in formation of initial competencies, which we observed during the year. The formation of modelling (which we consider to be the central competency, based on our analysis) demands a thorough attention in future studies.
Sports at school: aspect of quality
Authors: Chernogorov Dmitry , Ryabova Irina , Matveev Yuriy , Sobolevskaya Tatyana
Published: March 2021

Physical activity is one of the most important means of forming strong health of a child in the conditions of modern school. Currently, after-school sports activities are an integral part of life of the majority of school children. The objective of this study is to assess the state of posture of Moscow primary school children who attend and do not attend various sports clubs after school. The results of the study have shown that the most favorable sports for forming correct posture in children are figure skating, artistic gymnastics, and acrobatics. In these groups, the number of children with incorrect posture is the lowest, at 6.6% and 25%, respectively. Children involved in sambo and judo have disorders in 39.9% of cases. A high total percentage of posture disorders has been identified in groups of children engaged in martial arts, such as karate, aikido, and boxing (64.5%), sport dance (78.8%), and game sports and swimming (83.1% and 83.2%, respectively). The data obtained in the study allow us to talk about useful and harmful physical activities for the posture of primary school children. However, the largest number of children with posture disorders (96.6%) has been recorded in the group of children who do not participate in sports clubs and whose physical activity is limited only to school physical education lessons.
Analysis of the motivational features of the choice of the teaching profession by students
Authors: Polkovnikova Natalia
Published: March 2021

The relevance of the present study is determined by the demand of the state and society for training pedagogical personnel who are highly motivated for professional activity and chose their profession consciously. Thus, the first premise of the conducted study lies in the need to improve the quality of pedagogical training in the Moscow metropolis. The second premise is the need for the scientific study of the structure of personality and the interrelation of its components presented by personal values and the motives behind the choice of profession. The study aims to identify the correlation of personal value orientations and motives for choosing a future profession in students of the pedagogical faculty of the Moscow City University. The study methods include projective methods (a survey and essays) and standardized methods (Rokeach’s Personal Values Survey, Schwartz’s Value Survey, and “Test of life-meaning orientations” by D.A. Leontiev). The study confirms that personal values correlate with the motives for the choice of profession in pedagogical faculty students. A high correlation between the motive behind choosing the teaching profession and personal values is found in the orientation on interaction with people and on oneself, awareness of one’s professional choice, and social and cultural conditioning. In the categories of gender and financial status, the motives for choosing a profession do not correlate with students’ personal values. The novelty of the study lies in the identification and empirical verification of the scientific method for determining students’ involvement in the future teaching profession. The significance of the study is found in the fact that it reveals a new technology for vocational guidance of applicants of pedagogical university training programs. Moreover, implementation of the study results may increase the effectiveness of the design of students’ education in improving their professional motivation. The presented research makes a scientific contribution to the study of a person’s activity and independence in self-realization in life, the freedom of choice and responsibility for it, for one’s decisions and actions, as well as in the study of the values of future teachers.
Professional training of future speech therapists for work in the inclusive educational environment of a city
Authors: Kiseleva Natalia , Serebryakova Narine , Shashkina Gulnara , Skivitskaya Maryia
Published: March 2021

This article discusses the issues of training of future speech therapists for work in inclusive educational environment. One of the prioritized tasks of modern education is training of personnel for working with students with specific learning difficulties. In recent years due to modernization of the Russian education system the training of experts for work in inclusive educational environment becomes more and more important. However, the issue of analysis of professional competences of future speech therapists is insufficiently studied. This article is aimed at analysis of educational programs of training students in Moscow universities for work with children with specific learning difficulties on the basis of their knowledge and attitude to inclusive education. Aiming at analysis of competences of future speech therapists, the students were surveyed by various blocks: from knowledge of regulatory documents to personal attitude of students to foundations of inclusive education. The obtained results have confirmed the assumption that in general the students have positive attitude to inclusive education, the disputable issue concerns readiness of society for conditions of inclusive education and understanding of special demands of children with limited health capacities by teachers of educational entities. This article defines various approaches and trends of formation of tolerant attitude to students with specific learning difficulties, as well as the required professional competences corresponding to the requirements of Federal State Education Standard of higher education. Due to increased number of children with severe speech pathologies and expanded competences of speech therapists of educational entities, it would be reasonable to increase the number of disciplines expanding skills and habits of future speech therapists under conditions of inclusive education.
Teacher burnout and opportunities to increase the human resources of urban schools
Authors: Starostina Lyubov , Yegorova Valentina , Nikolayev Yegor , Shamayeva Viktoriya
Published: March 2021

The article presents a research review on the problem of teacher burnout syndrome and the human resources of general education institutions in connection with the implementation of the Federal State Educational Standard (FSES). Researchers note an increase in the proportion of teaching staff at risk of emotional burnout at work, as well as professional deformations of the teacher’s personality. The article substantiates the relevance of consideration of management issues related to the development of the human resources of educational institutions through the prism of effective interaction of managers with the teaching staff and the teacher’s personality in the context of preventing their emotional burnout. The abundance of research on the problem of burnout indicates the continued interest of scholars of humanities and natural sciences for quality of life, psychological health, personal and professional development of teachers of general education schools designed to act as carriers of new ideas and innovative technologies, the moral and socio-economic transformation of society. The authors consider the concepts associated with the development of human resources, making the main emphasis on the role of the human factor, and the reserves of the teacher’s personality, propose to create a kind of Internet platforms in each city, namely, virtual pedagogical sites as an alternative to motivating pedagogical creativity, as well as offer systematization of various burnout factors and prevention measures.
Formation of social and information competence of adolescents by means of case technology
Authors: Anichkina Anastasia
Published: March 2021

Preconditions of the presented research are the modern concepts of digital competences. Success of a modern person mainly depends on how well he is familiar with the skills of digital technologies. Significant influence of digital technologies on everyday life is obvious in education sphere. Continuous life-long-learning, interactive studies and textbooks, access to investigations and learning materials are the peculiar features of 21st century students. In this regard, the analysis of social and information competence is an important demand of modern society. Despite the fact that nearly each family at present has a computer, the use of Internet by children raises fears of parents and teachers. This can be explained as follows: Internet can be used for games and not for learning; in addition, an adolescent may be a victim of cyberbullying. This work is aimed at verification of the hypothesis that formation of social and information competence of adolescents is a predictor of socially efficient behavior in virtual environment. The obtained results demonstrated positive variation of the considered indicators. Despite the fact that more precise conclusion should be based on more expanded samplings, in general, the hypothesis of opportunities of this trend has been partially verified.
Practices of teaching and upbringing of young people in the Internet space
Authors: Markova Valeriya , Pleshakov Vladimir , Shesterina Alla , Zakharyashcheva Olga
Published: March 2021

Mediatization and internetization of all areas of people’s lives have become key prerequisites for the digitalization of educational practices. An increased interest in this field along with insufficient research into it has determined the relevance of this study. Its purpose is the attempt to generalize and systematize the practices developed during the authors’ professional work. To achieve this purpose, the authors chose theoretical methods. They reviewed and analyzed the practices of teaching and upbringing of young people in the Internet space and audiovisual educational formats. The article deals with the practical cyberpedagogy practices of teaching and upbringing of young people in the Internet space: 1) Internet project development (Internet projecting); 2) network support of educational disciplines in social networks; 3) audiovisual formats in the education process; 4) remote psychological work. The authors examine the integration of audiovisual media into educational activities and the opportunities for psychological support for educational activities in cyberspace. The formats of media content used for teaching schoolchildren and students through digital technologies are specified. The authors note the positive aspects of the process of education visualization and the application of the practices and note the associated risks and ways to overcome them. The novelty of the results of this theoretical study consists in the following: the authors generalize and analyze the practices of teaching and upbringing of young people in the Internet space, conclude on the most relevant practices, examine the risks of using these practices, and propose the recommendations on how to avoid these risks. The above will allow university lecturers and school teachers, the target audience of the article, to use these practices productively and minimize the possible negative consequences.
Preparing teachers for the use of digital technologies in educational activities
Authors: Sheveleva Natalia , Mahotin Dmitriy , Lesin Sergey , Curteva Oxana
Published: March 2021

Digital technologies have a strong impact on changes in the educational environment and activities. In the context of such changes, aggravated by the spread of coronavirus infection and the transition of schools to distance learning, teachers and students are facing the need to actively master digital tools and educational platforms. The authors aim at analyzing the professional gaps of teachers associated with digital literacy and the ability to effectively use digital technologies in educational activities. The conducted sociological research and the results obtained allow the authors to study the existing internal teachers’ gaps and show the main problems in the organization of educational activities in the context of the transition to distance learning and the existing gaps in the use of digital technologies by school teachers. Based on the results of the study, the authors have identified the key areas of the professional development of teachers. They have developed educational programs aimed at skill development and further training of teachers in the Russian Federation and foreign countries on such topics as the digital educational environment and the use of open educational resources, methods of using digital technologies in the organization of educational activities, methods and techniques of organization feedback, pedagogical communication in the digital environment, and information security and ethics in the digital environment. The authors have determined the conditions for the professional development of teachers in the process of skill development and further training, as well as self-education (including spontaneous training in the workplace).The authors believe that the increase in teachers’ digital literacy, based on filling their professional gaps, will help to improve the quality of general education and create conditions for the elimination of the digital divide of the population.
Interactive technologies for forming professional competences of management and pedagogical teams in an inclusive organization
Authors: Manuilova Viktoriia , Guseynova Acsha , Khitryuk Vera
Published: March 2021

This work is devoted to one of the key problems of existing Russian education: creating conditions for access to education for children with limited health capacities (LHC) and disabilities. The authors analyze in details the issues of determination and development of special (personnel, program and methodical, material and technical, organizational) conditions in educational entities of various levels of learning. The monitoring results of readiness of managerial and pedagogical teams of schools and colleges for inclusive education are presented. The monitoring was performed in schools of Moscow and vocational educational entities (colleges) implementing the programs of training qualified workers, officers, and experts of middle level in ten subjects of the Russian Federation. The following methods were applied during the monitoring: questionaries, surveys for heads of educational entities, subject teachers, supporting specialists, teachers, foremen of vocational training and parents of trainees with LHC and disabilities. According to the monitoring results, the conclusions have been made and key problems have been determined regarding provision of the educational entities with specialists skilled in professional competences in the field of inclusive education. In addition, staff deficits have been revealed in each educational entity and trends of development have been described regarding development of managerial and pedagogical teams concerning organization and implementation of inclusive education.
Development of professional metacompetence of teachers in the process of mastering cloud technologies
Authors: Nadolinskaya Tatiana , Rossinskaya Svetlana , Dyadchenko Maria , Trofimenko Yulia , Anokhina Viktoriya
Published: March 2021

Literature review of works by Russian and foreign scientists has been performed aiming at reveling essential properties of professional competence of teachers as the competence of the highest level. Course training program has been described, which is comprised of three modules covering urgent issues and technologies of media education, monitoring of quality assessment and efficiency of mastering program, various examples of electronic education products, publications, electronic resources and thesaurus of key notions. The results of the performed studies have been the disclosing of the notion essence of professional metacompetence of teacher, which is expressed in readiness to solve professional tasks under the conditions of mediatization of education system. On the basis of the experimental results, the efficiency of software and methodological support of development of professional metacompetence of teachers has been proved and reflected in diagrams. Therefore, it has been concluded that the development of professional metacompetence of teachers allows to apply interactive forms of education in various online learning environments and provides professional training of teachers of higher quality aiming at independent solution to education problems in the changing educational environment. Recommendations have been given for application of cloud technologies for activation of teacher’s activity in monitoring and estimation at various levels of education.
Clinical Implications of the New WHO Classification 2017 for Pituitary Tumors
Authors: Saeger Wolfgang , Koch Arend
Published: March 2021

According to the WHO classification 2017 of Pituitary Tumors adenomas are classified not only by structure and immunostaining for pituitary hormones but also by expression of the pituitary transcription factors Pit-1, T-pit and SF-1. By these factors, three cell lineages can be identified: Pit-1 for the GH-, Prolactin- and TSH-cell lineage, T-pit for the ACTH-cell lineage, and SF-1 for the gonadotrophic cell lineage. By this principle, all GH and/or Prolactin producing and all TSH producing adenomas must be positive for Pit-1, all corticotrophic adenomas for T-pit, and all gonadotrophic for SF-1. In adenomas without expression of pituitary hormones immunostainings for the transcription factors have to be examined. If these are also negative the criteria for an endocrine inactive null cell adenoma are fulfilled. If one transcription factor is positive the corresponding cell lineage indicates a potential hormonal activity of the adenoma. So Pit-1 expressing hormone-negative adenomas can account for acromegaly, hyperprolactinemia, or TSH hyperfunction. T-pit positive hormone negative adenomas can induce Cushing’s disease, and SF-1 positive hormone negative tumors indicate gonadotrophic adenomas. Instead of the deleted atypical adenoma of the WHO classification of 2004 now (WHO classification 2017) criteria exist for the identification of aggressive adenomas with a conceivably worse prognosis. Some adenoma subtypes are described as aggressive “per se” without necessity of increased morphological signs of proliferation. All other adenoma subtypes must also be designated as aggressive if they show signs of increased proliferation (mitoses, Ki-67 index>3–5%, clinically rapid tumor growth) and invasion. By these criteria about one third of pituitary adenoma belong to the group of aggressive adenomas with potentially worse prognosis. The very rare pituitary carcinoma (0.1 % of pituitary tumors) is defined only by metastases. Many of them develop after several recurrences of Prolactin or ACTH secreting adenomas. The correlation of clinical findings and histological classification of pituitary adenomas is very important since every discrepancy has to be discussed between clinicians and pathologists. Based on data of the German Registry of Pituitary Tumors a table for examinations of correlations is shown in this review.
Weichteilmanagement bei komplexem Fußtrauma
Authors: Ochman Sabine , Milstrey Alexander , Evers Julia , Raschke Michael J.
Published: March 2021

Das komplexe Fußtrauma ist selten und meist durch einen schweren Weichteilschaden gekennzeichnet. Hinzu kommen höhergradige knöcherne und neurovaskuläre Verletzungen sowie Gelenkbeteiligungen. Frühzeitig steht eine Entscheidung zwischen einer primären Amputation und Rekonstruktion in Vordergrund, in der Initialphase muss zwischen einer direkten definitiven Therapie und einem mehrzeitigen Vorgehen gewählt werden. Meist ist ein mehrzeitiges, interdisziplinäres Therapieregime erforderlich. Oberstes Ziel ist die Verhinderung des Fortschreitens der Ischämie mit Gewebeuntergang, Nekrose und Infektion. Operative Prinzipien beinhalten regelmäßige Débridements, frühzeitige plastische Weichteilrekonstruktionen und knöcherne Stabilisierungen meist durch externe Fixationen. Die knöcherne Rekonstruktion erfolgt von proximal nach distal mit anatomischer Rekonstruktion der Fußsäulen und stabiler innerer Fixierung.
Akute Paraplegie – ein Querschnitt ohne Trauma?
Authors: Hackner Danilo , Schneider Kurt , Trumm Christoph G.
Published: March 2021

Schlaganfälle stehen als eine der führenden Todesursache weltweit auf Platz zwei nach KHK/Herzinfarkt und gehören zu den häufigsten Ursachen für Invalidität im höheren Lebensalter. In der vorliegenden Kasuistik wird der Fall einer Patientin mit spinalem Schlaganfall aufgearbeitet. Bei plötzlich einsetzender Paraplegie mit dissoziierter Empfindungsstörung wurde ein arterioarteriell embolischer Arteria-spinalis-anterior-Infarkt diagnostiziert. Durch ein prä- sowie innerklinisch zielgerichtetes Vorgehen war es möglich, der Patientin in einem individuellen Heilversuch eine Lysetherapie anzubieten. Nach erfreulichem klinischem Verlauf war die Patientin 17 Tage nach dem Ereignis bereits auf kurzen Distanzen wieder gehfähig.