bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Unexpected Reactivity of the Carbon Sites on the Nanostructured Carbon Catalysts towards the C−H Bond Activation from the Analysis of the Aromaticity
Authors: Sun XiaoYing , Li Bo , Su DangSheng
Published: April 2016

It is believed that the oxygen groups on the carbon catalysts are responsible for the observed reactivity for C−H bond activations. On the other hand, the oxygen groups also reduce the aromaticity of the host. The loss of the aromaticity increases reactivities of the carbon atoms and they become the active sites for the C−H bond activation. The newly identified C−C site exhibits the comparable catalytic performance in the oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of propane compared with the conventional oxygen groups like quinone and ketone. A series of calculations indicate that the aromaticity might be a useful descriptor for the carbon catalysts.
Revealing rate‐limiting steps in complex disease biology: The crucial importance of studying rare, extreme‐phenotype families
Authors: Chakravarti Aravinda , Turner Tychele N.
Published: April 2016

The major challenge in complex disease genetics is to understand the fundamental features of this complexity and why functional alterations at multiple independent genes conspire to lead to an abnormal phenotype. We hypothesize that the various genes involved are all functionally united through gene regulatory networks (GRN), and that mutant phenotypes arise from the consequent perturbation of one or more rate‐limiting steps that affect the function of the entire GRN. Understanding a complex phenotype thus entails unraveling the details of each GRN, namely, the transcription factors that bind to cis regulatory elements affected by sequence variants altering transcription of specific genes, and their mutual feedback relationships. These GRNs can be identified through their rate‐limiting steps and are best uncovered by genomic analyses of rare, extreme phenotype families, thus providing a coherent molecular basis to complex traits and disorders.
Effect of capping agent on the particle size of CdSe nanoparticles
Authors: Sahu Narsing , Brahme Namita , Sharma Ravi
Published: April 2016

CdSe nanoparticles were synthesized by green route and chemical route methods. In the green route method the samples were capped by starch and in the chemical route method the samples were capped by mercaptoacetic acid (MAA). The samples were characterized by powder X‐ ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Both the samples showed zinc blend structure. The optical absorption spectra and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra were also studied. A blue shift was seen in the absorption spectra as compared with the bulk as well as the sample capped by starch. TEM images showed agglomeration for the starch‐capped sample as compared with the MAA‐capped sample. The particle size for the sample capped by MAA was found to be less as compared with the starch‐capped sample. A blue shift in the photoluminescence (PL) spectra was also recorded for the samples prepared by the chemical route as compared with the sample prepared by the green route as well as the bulk. The PL peak shifted towards the red side and increase in the peak intensity occurred with the change in the excitation wavelength. Change in PL intensity was observed with different pH at 685 nm. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and characterization of novel Na15(SO4)5F4Cl:Ce3+halosulfate phosphors
Authors: Bhake A. M. , Nair Govind B. , Zade G. D. , Dhoble S. J.
Published: April 2016

A series of Na15(SO4)5F4Cl phosphors doped with Ce3+ions was prepared using the wet chemical method. X‐Ray diffraction studies were used to determine their phase formation and purity. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy effectively identified the chemical bonds present in the molecule. The photoluminescence properties of the as‐prepared phosphors were investigated and the Ce3+ions in these hosts were found to give broadband emission in the UV range. For the thermoluminescence study, phosphors were irradiated with a 5 Gy dose ofγ‐rays from a60Co source. Chen’s half‐width method was employed to calculate the trapping parameters from the thermoluminescence glow curve. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Molecular microbiology in surgery
Authors: Peters E J G
Published: April 2016

Likely to revolutionize routine laboratory testing
Establishment of a ternary network system for evaluating the antioxidant fraction of Danhong injection
Authors: Wang Yan , Jiang Zhenzuo , Yang Fan , Chai Xin , Zhu Yan , Zhao Xiaoya , Jiang Miaomiao , Yang Jing , Zhao Buchang , Qian Ke , Wang Yuefei
Published: April 2016

Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in numerous cardiovascular diseases. As an effective therapy, Danhong injection (DHI) is considered to act through an antioxidant mechanism for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. In our study, we focused on the potential contribution of the antioxidant capacity of DHI fractions (Frs) and established an innovative screening method based on a 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity assay. A ternary network evaluation system, which was constructed based on the radical scavenging activity, the area under the activity–concentration curve and the solid content of the fractions, was implemented to select the fractions that posed the greatest antioxidant effect. As a result, Frs 5–7 and Frs 17–19 were shown to exhibit superior antioxidant activity according to the regression area of the ternary network, which was >0.5. Furthermore, the active fractions were characterized by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry combined with nuclear magnetic resonance. This study provided an effective method for the comprehensive evaluation of the antioxidant effect of DHI fractions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Differences in the distribution of risk factors for stroke among the high‐risk population in urban and rural areas of Eastern China
Authors: Mi Te , Sun Shangwen , Du Yifeng , Guo Shougang , Cong Lin , Cao Mingfeng , Sun Qinjian , Sun Yi , Qu Chuanqiang
Published: April 2016

Introduction

Considering the program of screening for risk factors of stroke in Eastern China, the aim of this study was to compare the distribution differences in risk factors for stroke among the high‐risk population living in urban and rural areas.

Methods

A total of 231,289 residents were screened and basic information collected. Risk factors for stroke among the high‐risk population were compared between the urban and rural groups.

Results

A total of 117,776 high‐risk residents from urban areas and 113,513 from rural areas were included in the analysis. The prevalence of hypertension was much higher in rural areas (73.3%) than that in urban areas (64.1%). Dyslipidemia (48.9% vs. 26.9%), sport lack (46.6% vs. 31.6%), diabetes mellitus (21.3% vs. 16.5%), and atrial fibrillation (18.7% vs. 9.8%) were more prevalent in the urban group, while smoking (26.5% vs. 28.8%), previous stroke (10.1% vs. 16.9%), and transient ischemic attack (20.9% vs. 24.6%) were less prevalent.

Conclusion

Among the population at high risk of stroke, there were significant differences in the distribution of the following risk factors between the urban and rural groups: hypertension, atrial fibrillation, dyslipidemia, lack of physical exercise, and a previous stroke.
Biomimetic strategies for targeted nanoparticle delivery
Authors: Dehaini Diana , Fang Ronnie H. , Zhang Liangfang
Published: April 2016

Nanoparticle‐based drug delivery and imaging platforms have become increasingly popular over the past several decades. Among different design parameters that can affect their performance, the incorporation of targeting functionality onto nanoparticle surfaces has been a widely studied subject. Targeted formulations have the ability to improve efficacy and function by positively modulating tissue localization. Many methods exist for creating targeted nanoformulations, including the use of custom biomolecules such as antibodies or aptamers. More recently, a great amount of focus has been placed on biomimetic targeting strategies that leverage targeting interactions found directly in nature. Such strategies, which have been painstakingly selected over time by the process of evolution to maximize functionality, oftentimes enable scientists to forgo the specialized discovery processes associated with many traditional ligands and help to accelerate development of novel nanoparticle formulations. In this review, we categorize and discuss in‐depth recent works in this growing field of bioinspired research.
Regulation of multidrug resistance 1 expression by CDX2 in ovarian mucinous adenocarcinoma
Authors: Koh Iemasa , Hinoi Takao , Sentani Kazuhiro , Hirata Eiji , Nosaka Suguru , Niitsu Hiroaki , Miguchi Masashi , Adachi Tomohiro , Yasui Wataru , Ohdan Hideki , Kudo Yoshiki
Published: April 2016

Epithelial ovarian cancer is an aggressive gynecological malignancy with a high mortality rate. Resistance against chemotherapeutic agents often develops in ovarian cancer patients, contributing to high recurrence rates. The multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1/ABCB1) gene encodes P‐glycoprotein, which affects the pharmacokinetic properties of anticancer agents. We previously reported that the Caudal‐related homeobox transcription factor CDX2 transcriptionally regulates MDR1 expression in colorectal cancer. CDX2 is a factor that influences cancer cell differentiation, malignancy, and cancer progression. We hypothesized that profiling of CDX2 and MDR1 expression could be an effective strategy for predicting anticancer drug resistance. We studied the expression of these factors in clinical samples from ovarian cancer patients. We found that endogenous MDR1 expression was positively associated with CDX2 expression in ovarian mucinous adenocarcinoma. Using ovarian mucinous adenocarcinoma cell lines, we also observed decreased MDR1 expression following inhibition of CDX2 by RNA interference. In addition, CDX2 overexpression in MN‐1 cells, which display low endogenous CDX2, resulted in upregulation of MDR1 expression. CDX2 induced MDR1‐dependent resistance to vincristine and paclitaxel, which was reversed by treatment with the MDR1‐specific inhibitor verapamil. Our findings show that CDX2 promotes upregulation of MDR1 expression, leading to drug resistance in ovarian mucinous adenocarcinoma. Therefore, our study demonstrates the potential of novel chemotherapy regimens based on CDX2 status and MDR1 expression in ovarian mucinous adenocarcinoma.
Elevated microsatellite alterations at selected tetranucleotides in early‐stage colorectal cancers with and without high‐frequency microsatellite instability: same, same but different?
Authors: Watson Martin M. , Lea Dordi , Rewcastle Emma , Hagland Hanne R. , Søreide Kjetil
Published: April 2016

Microsatellite instability (MSI) is associated with better prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC). Elevated microsatellite alterations at selected tetranucleotides (EMAST) is a less‐understood form of MSI. Here, we aim to investigate the role of EMAST in CRC±MSI related to clinical and tumor‐specific characteristics. A consecutive, population‐based series of stage I–III colorectal cancers were investigated for MSI and EMAST using PCR primers for 10 microsatellite markers. Of 151 patients included, 33 (21.8%) had MSI and 35 (23.2%) were EMAST+, with an overlap of 77% for positivity, (odds ratio [OR] 61; P < 0.001), and 95% for both markers being negative. EMAST was more prevalent in colon versus rectum (86% vs. 14%, P = 0.004). EMAST+ cancers were significantly more frequent in proximal colon (77 vs. 23%, P = 0.004), had advanced t‐stage (T3–4 vs. T1–2 in 94% vs. 6%, respectively; P = 0.008), were larger (≥5 cm vs. <5 cm in 63% and 37%, respectively; P = 0.022) and had poorly differentiated tumor grade (71 vs. 29%, P < 0.01). Furthermore, EMAST+ tumors had a higher median number of harvested lymph nodes than EMAST− (11 vs. 9 nodes; P = 0.03). No significant association was found between EMAST status and age, gender, presence of distant metastases or metastatic lymph nodes, and overall survival. A nonsignificant difference toward worse survival in node‐negative colon cancers needs confirmation in larger cohorts. EMAST+ cancers overlap and share features with MSI+ in CRC. Overall, survival was not influenced by the presence of EMAST, but may be of importance in subgroups such as node‐negative disease of the colon.
Inhibitory Kinetics of Azachalcones and their Oximes on Mushroom Tyrosinase: A Facile Solid‐state Synthesis
Authors: Radhakrishnan Sini K. , Shimmon Ronald G. , Conn Costa , Baker Anthony T.
Published: April 2016

A solid‐state‐based mechanochemical process was used to synthesize novel azachalcones and their oximes as tyrosinase inhibitors. Their inhibitory activities on mushroom tyrosinase using l‐3,4‐dihydroxyphenylalanine as a substrate were investigated. Two of the novel oxime derivatives synthesized were seen to be more potent than the positive control, kojic acid. Both the compounds 1b and 2b inhibited the diphenolase activity of tyrosinase in a dose‐dependent manner with their IC50 values of 15.3 and 12.7 μm, respectively. The kinetic analysis showed that their inhibition mechanism was reversible. Both the novel oxime compounds displayed competitive inhibition with their Ki values of 5.1 and 2.5 μm, respectively. This method minimizes waste disposal problems and provides a simple, efficient, and benign method for the synthesis of novel tyrosinase inhibitors for use as skin‐whitening agents or as anti‐browning food additives.
TGF‐β1 promotes bovine mammary fibroblast proliferation through the ERK 1/2 signalling pathway
Authors: Gao Yuanyuan , Wang Yuping , Li Yingying , Xia Xiaojing , Zhao Shuang , Che Yanyi , Sun Yingying , Lei Liancheng
Published: April 2016

The abnormal proliferation of bovine mammary fibroblasts (BMFBs) impairs mammary gland development and lactation. Severe manifestations develop into breast fibrosis, leading to the culling of cows and causing serious losses to the dairy industry. Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF‐β1) is an important modulator of cell proliferation and extracellular matrix formation; however, limited information is available on BMFBs. In this study, a convenient and stable culture method for BMFBs was established. Treatment with 5 ng/mL of TGF‐β1 significantly promoted the proliferation of BMFBs and accelerated the cell cycle. TGF‐β1 stimulation for up to 12 h significantly increased the relative ERK1/2 mRNA expression and enhanced the protein expression of p‐ERK1/2 and cyclin D1. Conversely, the ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 blocked these TGF‐β1 effects. Further exploration using a mouse model showed that TGF‐β1 significantly increased the proportion of fibroblasts and accelerating the cell transition from the G1 to G2/M phases. In addition, TGF‐β1 enhanced the expression of fibrosis markers, α‐SMA and I Collagen, which could be blocked efficiently by the PD98059 in mouse mammary gland. Finally, immunofluorescence analysis confirmed that TGF‐β1 promoted fibroblast proliferation in healthy dairy cows after normal long‐term dietary corn straw roughage supplementation. It is suggested that the diet may promote mammary fibroblast proliferation by raising the level of TGF‐β1. Our study provides new insights into how nutrition causes undesirable changes in mammary gland structure.
SIRT1 expression is refractory to hypoxia and inflammatory cytokines in nucleus pulposus cells: Novel regulation by HIF‐1α and NF‐κB signaling
Authors: Wang Xiaofei , Li Hongjian , Xu Kang , Zhu Haipeng , Peng Yan , Liang Anjing , Li Chunhai , Huang Dongsheng , Ye Wei
Published: April 2016

Hypoxia and a marked increase in inflammatory cytokines are common hallmarks of intervertebral disc degeneration; these events disrupt the normal balance between extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and synthesis in degenerative intervertebral discs. SIRT1, one of the NAD+‐dependent class III histone deacetylases, controls cellular processes and is regulated by hypoxia and inflammatory cytokines in a cell‐type‐dependent manner. SIRT1 protects degenerative human nucleus pulposus cells against apoptosis. However, the role of SIRT1 in inflammation in intervertebral discs is still unclear. The current study showed that in rat NP cells, as in other cells, SIRT1 suppressed the induction of the mRNA expression of proteases that degrade ECM induced by TNF‐α. Moreover, real‐time PCR, transfection, and loss‐ and gain‐of‐function experiments revealed that SIRT1 mRNA and protein expression were refractory to hypoxia and HIF‐1α. Additionally, SIRT1 mRNA and protein expression and the activity of the SIRT1 promoter were not affected by inflammatory cytokines but were sustained by NF‐κB signaling in the presence or absence of TNF‐α. In summary, the present study suggested that SIRT1 is not affected by hypoxia and inflammatory cytokines in rat intervertebral discs. Moreover, not HIF‐1α but NF‐κB signaling is critical for the maintenance of SIRT1 expression in NP cells under physiologic and pathophysiologic conditions.
Photocatalysts in Polymerization Reactions
Authors: Zivic Nicolas , Bouzrati‐Zerelli Mariem , Kermagoret Anthony , Dumur Frédéric , Fouassier Jean‐Pierre , Gigmes Didier , Lalevée Jacques
Published: April 2016

A short review of the role of photocatalysts in photopolymerization reactions is presented. A special emphasis is placed on photoredox catalysts leading to i) high‐performance initiating systems for polymerization upon low light intensity for the use of light emitting diodes (LEDs) and/or visible light and ii) controlled radical photopolymerization (CRP2) processes with formation/reactivation of dormant species triggered by light.
High‐Pressure‐Induced Pseudo‐oxidation of Copper Surfaces by Carbon Monoxide
Authors: Zhang Xueqiang , Ptasinska Sylwia
Published: April 2016

Instantaneous electronic and structural modifications of Cu surfaces by high‐pressure CO were explored. At pressures over a millibar range the coverage of CO on the Cu(1 1 1) surface reached approximately one monolayer, and we observed several shake‐up peaks in the Cu 2p photoemission spectra for the first time by using ambient pressure X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. These shake‐up peaks resembled those obtained for oxidized surface Cu atoms. We propose that these changes are related to the generation of a copper–carbonyl complex and subsequent Cu surface restructuring owing to lateral CO–CO repulsions. The generality of this finding was investigated in two model reactions, the water‐gas shift and CO oxidation, on a Cu(1 1 1) surface, and we clearly identified the pseudo‐oxidation of Cu. These reversible changes were found to be independent of the orientation of the Cu surface and are of general importance for Cu‐based heterogeneous catalysis.
Bi2O3 as a Promoter for Cu/TiO2 Photocatalysts for the Selective Conversion of Carbon Dioxide into Methane
Authors: Jeong Sunil , Kim Whi Dong , Lee Sooho , Lee Kangha , Lee Seokwon , Lee Dongkyu , Lee Doh C.
Published: April 2016

A significantly enhanced gas‐phase photocatalytic conversion of carbon dioxide into methane on Cu/TiO2 nanoparticles upon introducing Bi2O3 as a promoter in the vicinity of Cu was observed. The maximum rate of CH4 generation of 11.90 μmol g−1 h−1 recorded in the case of Cu‐Bi2O3/TiO2 is approximately one order of magnitude higher than that obtained with Cu/TiO2 nanoparticles. The enhanced performance was attributed to facilitated migration of CO* from Cu to the Bi2O3 surface.
Design and Optimization of the Methanol‐to‐Olefin Process. Part II: Comparison of Different Methods for Propylene/Propane Separation
Authors: Yu Bor‐Yih , Chien I‐Lung
Published: April 2016

Design and optimization of different methods for propylene/propane separation in the downstream of the methanol‐to‐olefin process are investigated. Since propylene and propane have similar boiling points, a large number of trays and high energy are required when separating by a traditional single column with industrial low‐pressure steam as reboiler heat source (TRA‐LPS case). Some alternatives are studied, including the traditional column using waste hot water as heat resource (TRA‐HW), implementation of a vapor recompression cycle (VRC) configuration, and extractive distillation (ED) with acetonitrile solution as entrainer. Compared to TRA‐LPS, the total annual cost can be reduced significantly for TRA‐HW and ED and to a minor extent for VCR. The required number of trays for separation is also clearly reduced for the three cases. It can be concluded that TRA‐HW and ED are both promising alternatives for this separation.
Enhanced Cycling Ability of V2O5 Aerogel using Room‐Temperature Ionic Liquid‐Based Electrolytes
Authors: Moretti Arianna , Jeong Sangsik , Passerini Stefano
Published: April 2016

Vanadium oxide is an attractive high‐capacity cathode material for metal batteries, but it is affected by severe capacity fading upon cycling in conventional electrolytes. In this manuscript, it is shown that the cycling ability of vanadium oxide (V2O5) aerogel cathodes can be substantially improved by using properly designed electrolytes. In particular, the electrochemical characterization of V2O5 aerogel, in combination with room‐temperature ionic liquid‐based electrolytes, demonstrates cycling stabilities above 600 cycles with capacity retentions higher than 80 %. Furthermore, the ionic liquid‐based electrolytes grant cyclability and safety in lithium–metal batteries even above room temperature.
Atomic Layer Deposition of LixAlyS Solid‐State Electrolytes for Stabilizing Lithium‐Metal Anodes
Authors: Cao Yanqiang , Meng Xiangbo , Elam Jeffrey W.
Published: April 2016

Increasing global demands for energy storage in electric vehicles and the grid necessitate “beyond‐lithium‐ion” batteries that simultaneously exhibit high capacity, long‐term cyclability, and excellent safety. Several candidates, most notably lithium–air and lithium–sulfur batteries, utilize lithium‐metal anodes. Although the specific capacity of lithium metal is unrivaled (3860 mA h g−1), the capacity fade and risk of catastrophic failure must be overcome. Herein, we describe ultrathin, ionically conducting lithium aluminum sulfide (LixAlyS) coatings prepared on lithium‐metal anodes by using atomic layer deposition, which stabilize the Li–electrolyte interface and reduce (up to five times) the interfacial impedance of lithium–metal anodes in contact with organic electrolyte. We demonstrate that these thin films effectively suppress dendrite formation and preserve a smooth, low‐surface‐area morphology for electrodeposited lithium metal, thereby doubling the lifetime of Li–Cu asymmetric cells.
Self‐defining tree‐like classifiers for interpretation of Raman spectroscopic experiments
Authors: Schumacher Wilm , Stöckel Stephan , Rösch Petra , Popp Jürgen
Published: April 2016

In this contribution, a technique is proposed to create a data‐driven interpretation of a given chemometric analysis of a Raman dataset. In real‐world applications, the chemometric analysis is fixed by some external measurement, for example, a legal standard, or a set of fixed goals. Thus, the exact chemometric work flow is fixed because of those goals. However, a further optimization, for example, of the measurement itself relies on an interpretation of the resulting chemometric analysis. For this purpose, a data‐driven analysis of the chemometric analysis itself has to be carried out. This contribution tries to achieve that goal by combining two methods. The first proposed technique is the calculation of the so‐called importance map, which allows the computation of the importance of every channel for a given model and a given dataset. This importance map is constructed after the complete result of an out‐of‐bag (OOB) validation and the decrease of accuracy by randomized channels. The second technique is the growing of the optimal decision tree based on the action of the model used for chemometric analysis. By this way, a clustering is achieved on which by binary classifiers, the optimal decision tree is grown. This tree can be interpreted as dividing the whole dataset into meta clusters. Combining these techniques, a new way of interpreting datasets based on the chosen model is proposed. This combination closes the gap between chemometric analysis and the need for interpretation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Template‐Engaged Solid‐State Synthesis of Barium Magnesium Silicate Yolk@Shell Particles and Their High Photoluminescence Efficiency
Authors: Chen Xuncai , Kim Woo‐Sik
Published: April 2016

This study presents a new synthetic method for fabricating yolk@shell‐structured barium magnesium silicate (BMS) particles through a template‐engaged solid‐state reaction. First, as the core template, (BaMg)CO3 spherical particles were prepared based on the coprecipitation of Ba2+ and Mg2+. These core particles were then uniformly shelled with silica (SiO2) by using CTAB as the structure‐directing template to form (BaMg)CO3@SiO2 particles with a core@shell structure. The (BaMg)CO3@SiO2 particles were then converted to yolk@shell barium magnesium silicate (BMS) particles by an interfacial solid‐state reaction between the (BaMg)CO3 (core) and the SiO2 (shell) at 750 °C. During this interfacial solid‐state reaction, Kirkendall diffusion contributed to the formation of yolk@shell BMS particles. Thus, the synthetic temperature for the (BaMg)SiO4:Eu3+ phosphor is significantly reduced from 1200 °C with the conventional method to 750 °C with the proposed method. In addition, the photoluminescence intensity of the yolk@shell (BaMg)SiO4:Eu3+phosphor was found to be 9.8 times higher than that of the conventional (BaMg)SiO4:Eu3+ phosphor. The higher absorption of excitation light by the structure of the yolk@shell phosphor is induced by multiple light‐reflection and ‐scattering events in the interstitial void between the yolk and the shell. When preparing the yolk@shell (BaMg)SiO4:Eu3+ phosphor, a hydrogen environment for the solid‐state reaction results in higher photoluminescence efficiency than nitrogen and air environments. The proposed synthetic method can be easily extended to the synthesis of other yolk@shell multicomponent metal silicates.
Tungsten Biscorroles: New Chiral Sandwich Compounds
Authors: Alemayehu Abraham B. , Vazquez‐Lima Hugo , Gagnon Kevin J. , Ghosh Abhik
Published: April 2016

The oxidative metalation method, involving the interaction of free‐base meso‐triarylcorroles and W(CO)6 in refluxing decalin, led to a set of three tungsten(VI) biscorroles, the first homoleptic sandwich compounds involving corroles. Single‐crystal X‐ray structures of two of the complexes revealed square‐antiprismatic coordination and strongly domed corroles with long W−N distances of 2.15–2.22 Å and a substantial displacement of ∼1.17 Å of the metal relative to the mean N4 planes of the ligands. The structures correspond to approximate C2 symmetry and are thus chiral. DFT calculations strongly indicate that the enantiomers are configurationally stable and hence amenable to chiral resolution. Their other notable properties include a strongly blueshifted Soret band at (357±2) nm, a relatively intense π→W(d
) near‐IR feature at (781±3) nm, and a low electrochemical HOMO–LUMO gap of approximately 1.3 V. The results obtained herein suggest that metallobiscorroles may emerge as a new class of inherently chiral chromophores with novel optical and electrochemical properties.
Ternary Hybrid γ‐Fe2O3/CrVI/Amine Oxidase Nanostructure for Electrochemical Sensing: Application for Polyamine Detection in Tumor Tissue
Authors: Bonaiuto Emanuela , Magro Massimiliano , Baratella Davide , Jakubec Petr , Sconcerle Elisabetta , Terzo Milo , Miotto Giovanni , Macone Alberto , Agostinelli Enzo , Fasolato Silvano , Venerando Rina , Salviulo Gabriella , Malina Ondrej , Zboril Radek , Vianello Fabio
Published: April 2016

Dichromate binds to surface‐active maghemite nanoparticles (SAMNs) to form a stable core–shell nanostructures (SAMN@CrVI). The hybrid was characterized by Mössbauer spectroscopy, high‐angle annular dark‐field imaging, electron energy‐loss spectroscopy, and electrochemical techniques, which revealed a strong interaction of dichromate with the nanoparticle surface. Electrochemical characterization showed lower charge‐transfer resistance, better electrochemical performance, and more reversible electrochemical behavior with respect to naked SAMNs. Moreover, SAMN@CrVI is an excellent electrocatalyst for hydrogen peroxide reduction. Furthermore, an enzyme, namely, bovine serum amine oxidase (BSAO: EC 1.4.3.6), was immobilized on SAMN@CrVI by self‐assembly to give a ternary hybrid nanostructured catalyst for polyamine oxidation (SAMN@CrVI‐BSAO). SAMN@CrVI‐BSAO was applied for the development of a reagentless, fast, inexpensive, and interference‐free polyamine biosensor, which was successfully exploited for the discrimination of tumorous tissue from healthy tissue in human crude liver extracts.
Electrochemical Properties and Sodium‐Storage Mechanism of Ag2Mo2O7 as the Anode Material for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Chen Nan , Gao Yu , Zhang Meina , Meng Xing , Wang Chunzhong , Wei Yingjin , Du Fei , Chen Gang
Published: April 2016

Silver molybdate, Ag2Mo2O7, has been prepared by a conventional solid‐state reaction. Its electrochemical properties as an anode material for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) have been comprehensively examined by means of galvanostatic charge–discharge cycling, cyclic voltammetry, and rate performance measurements. At operating voltages between 3.0 and 0.01 V, the electrode delivered a reversible capacity of nearly 190 mA h g−1 at a current density of 20 mA g−1 after 70 cycles. Ag2Mo2O7 also demonstrated a good rate capability and long‐term cycle stability, the capacity reaching almost 100 mA h g−1 at a current density of 500 mA g−1, with a capacity retention of 55 % over 1000 cycles. Moreover, the sodium storage process of Ag2Mo2O7 has been investigated by means of ex situ XRD, Raman spectroscopy, and HRTEM. Interestingly, the anode decomposes into Ag metal and Na2MoO4 during the initial discharge process, and then Na+ ions are considered to be inserted into/extracted from the Na2MoO4 lattice in the subsequent cycles governed by an intercalation/deintercalation mechanism. Ex situ HRTEM images revealed that Ag metal not only remains unchanged during the sodiation/desodiation processes, but is well dispersed throughout the amorphous matrix, thereby greatly improving the electronic conductivity of the working electrode. The “in situ” decomposition behavior of Ag2Mo2O7 is distinct from that of chemically synthesized, metal‐nanoparticle‐coated electrode materials, and provides strong supplementary insight into the mechanism of such new anode materials for SIBs and may set a precedent for the design of further materials.
Cascade Metathesis Reactions for the Synthesis of Taxane and Isotaxane Derivatives
Authors: Ma Cong , Letort Aurélien , Aouzal Rémi , Wilkes Antonia , Maiti Gourhari , Farrugia Louis J. , Ricard Louis , Prunet Joëlle
Published: April 2016

Tricyclic isotaxane and taxane derivatives have been synthesized by a very efficient cascade ring‐closing dienyne metathesis (RCDEYM) reaction, which formed the A and B rings in one operation. When the alkyne is present at C13 (with no neighboring gem‐dimethyl group), the RCEDYM reaction leads to 14,15‐isotaxanes 16 a,b and 18 b with the gem‐dimethyl group on the A ring. If the alkyne is at the C11 position (and thus flanked by a gem‐dimethyl group), RCEDYM reaction only proceeds in the presence of a trisubstituted olefin at C13, which disfavors the competing diene ring‐closing metathesis reaction, to give the tricyclic core of Taxol 44.
Structure–Reactivity Relationship in the Frustrated Lewis Pair (FLP)‐Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Imines
Authors: Tussing Sebastian , Kaupmees Karl , Paradies Jan
Published: April 2016

The autoinduced, frustrated Lewis pair (FLP)‐catalyzed hydrogenation of 16‐benzene‐ring substituted N‐benzylidene‐tert‐butylamines with B(2,6‐F2C6H3)3 and molecular hydrogen was investigated by kinetic analysis. The pKa values for imines and for the corresponding amines were determined by quantum‐mechanical methods and provided a direct proportional relationship. The correlation of the two rate constants k1 (simple catalytic cycle) and k2 (autoinduced catalytic cycle) with pKa difference between imine and amine pairs (ΔpKa) or Hammett's σ parameter served as useful parameters to establish a structure–reactivity relationship for the FLP‐catalyzed hydrogenation of imines.
ChemInform Abstract: INTRODUCTION OF SODIUM IONS INTO COBALT MONOXIDE
Authors: EL BALKHI A.‐M. , ZANNE M. , GLEITZER C.
Published: April 2016

Durch eine Reaktion zwischen NaCoO2 und CoO bei 1000°C wurde eine feste Lösung der Zusammensetzung NaxCo1‐xO (x < 0.19) dargestellt, deren magnetische Eigenschaften mit dem von Co(III) verursachten Valenz‐Effekt im Einklang stehen.
ChemInform Abstract: DETERMINATION OF THE COORDINATION NUMBER OF ALUMINUM IN SOLID ALUMINATES FROM THE CHEMICAL SHIFT OF ALUMINUM‐27
Authors: MUELLER D. , GESSNER W. , GRIMMER A.‐R.
Published: April 2016

Für 12 feste Aluminate mit Koordinationszahlen (KZ) des A1 von 4 bzw. 6 werden die 27Al‐Breitlinien‐NMR‐Spektren aufgenommen (Referenzprobe [A1(H2O)6]C13 in H2O).
ChemInform Abstract: STUDY OF THE MECHANISM OF ANODIC DISSOLUTION OF ALUMINUM IN DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE BY THE ROTATING DISK‐RING ELECTRODE METHOD
Authors: GONTMAKHER N. M. , NECHAEVA O. N. , GRIGOR'EV V. P. , NEKRASOV L. N.
Published: April 2016

Die durchgeführten Messungen zeigen, daß sich die Methode der rotierenden Scheibenelektrode zur Untersuchung des Auflösungsmechanismus von Al in einem aprotischen Lösungsmittel eignet.
ChemInform Abstract: PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SODIUM MOLYBDATE CATALYST
Authors: SINHAMAHAPATRA P. K. , SINHAMAHAPATRA S. , BHATTACHARYYA S. K.
Published: April 2016

DTA und TG von Na2MoO4 · 2 H2O zeigen Phasenübergänge bei 150°C (Dehydratisierung), 470°C (δ→ γ‐ Na2MoO4 ), 643°C (γ → α‐ Na2MoO4 ) und 689°C (F .).
ChemInform Abstract: A SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC STUDY OF PHOSPHOMOLYBDENUM BLUE FORMED BY THE REACTION OF PHOSPHATE WITH A MIXTURE OF MOLYBDENUM(V) (MO2O42+) AND MOLYBDENUM(VI) AND APPLICATION TO THE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF SMALL AMOUNTS OF PHOSPHATES
Authors: OHASHI K. , YASU K. , SUZUKI C. , YAMAMOTO K.
Published: April 2016

Die Bestimmung wird durch Zusatz von HClO4 zu der verdünnten, Mo(V), Mo(VI) und das Phosphat enthaltenden Lösung, l0 min langes Erwärmen auf 80°C und spektrophotometrische Messung der Extinktion bei 840 nm durchgeführt.
ChemInform Abstract: VIBRATIONAL ANALYSIS OF METAL COMPLEXES OF 1,3‐DITHIOMALONAMIDE AND 2,4‐DITHIOBIURET
Authors: RAY A. , SATHYANARAYANA D. N.
Published: April 2016

Die IR‐Spektren der nach bekannter Methode dargestellten Komplexe (I)‐(IV) werden anhand einer Normalkoordinatenbehandlung der Schwingungen in der Ebene der Ni‐Komplexe zugeordnet.
ChemInform Abstract: SUBSTITUENT EFFECT OF THE GUANIDINO AND OF THE GUANIDINIUM GROUP, PART I. THE EFFECT ON FLUORINE NMR SPECTRA OF FLUOROBENZENES AND ON THE AROMATIC SUBSTITUTION
Authors: HEESING A. , SCHMALDT W.
Published: April 2016

Es werden die 19F‐NMR‐Spektren der Guanidine (I) und (II) sowie der entsprechenden Guanidiniumsalze untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: A NEW COORDINATION FORM OF ACETYLACETONE
Authors: VON SEYERL J. , NEUGEBAUER D. , HUTTNER G.
Published: April 2016

Der Dichlorphenylphosphin‐Mn‐Komplex (I) reagiert mit Acetylaceton (II) in Gegenwart von Triethylamin zum säulenchromatographisch isolierten Komplex (III), der massen‐ und NMR‐spektroskopisch charakterisiert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: DIFFUSION‐MASKED SELECTIVITY OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS. I. MIXING‐MASKED CHEMICAL L SELECTIVITY
Authors: RYS P.
Published: April 2016

Auf der Grundlage der Erkenntnis, daß das Selektivitätsprinzip enzymatischer Prozesse in einer optimalen Abstimmung der Kopplung dreier Teilvorgänge (Diffusion, intermolekulare Adsorption = Komplexbildung, chemische Umwandlung = Bindungsöffnung und ‐bi1dung) begründet ist, die in wechselseitiger Abhängigkeit stehen, wird eine der Wechselbeziehungen, nämlich Diffusion‐chemische Umwandlung, untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: INTERMEDIATES IN NUCLEOPHILIC AROMATIC SUBSTITUTION. 17. KINETICS OF SPIRO MEISENHEIMER COMPLEXES. EFFECT OF RING SIZE
Authors: BERNASCONI C. F. , GANDLER J. R.
Published: April 2016

Die Bildung von spirocyclischen Meisenheimer‐Komplexen (III) aus den Phenolethern (I) über die Anionen (II) wird untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: FORMATION OF DIAZO COMPOUNDS BY THE DECOMPOSITION OF 2,3‐DIAZABICYCLO(3.1.0)HEX‐2‐ENES‐ (3 + 2)‐CYCLOREVERSIONS
Authors: SCHNEIDER M. , CSACSKO B.
Published: April 2016

Die 1,3‐dipolare Cycloaddition des Diazopropens (I) an das Cyclopropen (II) liefert das Diazabicyclohexen (III), das bei der Thermolyse (in Octan; 40‐70°C) bzw. Photolyse (in Pentan;Pyrexfi1ter) über die Diazoverbindung (IV) (1H‐NMR‐Nachweis) und das Carben (V) die Zerfallsprodukte (VI)‐(X) gibt (Prozentangaben bezeichnen die Produktanteile); die Bildung dieser Produkte läßt SiChl durch intramolekulare Folgereaktionen des Carbens (V) [Addition ‐ (VI); C‐H‐Insertion ‐ (VII) bzw. 1,2‐C‐Verschiebung ‐ (VIII)‐(X)] erklären.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF ALLENES CONTAINING GEMINAL TRIFLUOROMETHYL GROUPS
Authors: KNUNYANTS I. L. , ROZOV L. A. , ZEIFMAN YU. V. , CHEBURKOV YU A.
Published: April 2016

Durch Caesiumkatalysierte Kondensation des Isobutens (I) mit dem Ethylester (II) wird das Allen (III) erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOINDUCED TRANSFORMATIONS. PART 36. STEREOCHEMICAL INTEGRITY OF THE TERMINUS OF THE MIGRATING CARBON IN THE PHOTO‐BECKMANN REARRANGEMENTS OF SOME CHOLESTANONE OXIMES
Authors: SUGINOME H. , YAGIHASHI F.
Published: April 2016

Bei der Photo‐Beckmann‐Umlagerung der 4 isomeren Cholestanonoxime (I)‐(IV) sowie des A‐Nor‐Steroids (V) (im Falle von (III) auch in Gegenwart von O2) werden, außer den angegebenen Produkten, jeweils 2 strukturisomere Lactame ((VII), (VIII), (X), (XII), (XVI)/(XVII)) gebildet.
ChemInform Abstract: KINETICS AND MECHANISM OF THE OXIDATION OF METHYL ETHYL KETONE BY VANADIUM(V) IN DILUTE SULFURIC ACID
Authors: PILLAI G. C. , RAJARAM J. , KURIACOSE J. C.
Published: April 2016

Die Oxidation von Methylethylketon durch V(V) in Gegenwart von H2SO4 oder HClO4 ist eine Reaktion 1. Ordnung in bezug auf jeden der drei Reaktionspartner.
ChemInform Abstract: KINETICS AND MECHANISM OF THE CHLORAMINE‐T OXIDATION OF α‐HYDROXY ACIDS IN PERCHLORIC ACID SOLUTION
Authors: BANERJI K. K.
Published: April 2016

Die Oxidation von Glykolsäure, Milchsäure und α‐Hydroxy‐buttersäure durch Chloramin‐T (Hauptprodukte sind die entsprechenden Aldo‐ bzw. Keto‐ Säuren) ist 1. Ordnung in bezug sowohl auf das Oxidationsmittel als auch auf das Substrat.
ChemInform Abstract: THE SYNTHESIS AND SOME REACTIONS OF PENTAFLUOROETHYL VINYL KETONE
Authors: VON WERNER K. , GISSER A.
Published: April 2016

Aus dem Alkohol (I), dargestellt aus Pentafluorethyliodid und Ethylmagnesiumchlorid, wird in 4 Stufen das sehr reaktionsfähige Keton (IV) erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF UNSATURATED SULFIDES WITH CARBENES. 22. REACTIVITIES OF SULFUR AND DOUBLE BOND, AND FORMATION OF UNSATURATED SULFONIUM YLIDES
Authors: ANDO W. , HIGUCHI H. , MIGITA T.
Published: April 2016

Die Reaktion von ungesättigten Sulfiden mit Carbomethoxycarben, Biscarbomethoxycarben bzw. Dichlorcarben wird untersucht und der Anteil der gebildeten Cyclopropanderivate bestimmt.
ChemInform Abstract: ANNULENES. 27. CYCLOHEPTADECAOCTAENES AND (17)ANNULENYL ANIONS
Authors: HILDENBRAND P. , PLINKE G. , OTH J. F. M. , SCHROEDER G.
Published: April 2016

Dimeres Cyclooctatetraen (I) reagiert mit "Methylen" (II) bzw. dem Carben (V) zum Addukt (III) bzw. einem Gemisch aus (VIa), (VIb) (jeweils abgetrennt) und (VIIa) + (VIIb); letzteres wird verseift, wobei die Säuren (VIc) (aus (VIa)), (VId) (aus (VIb)) und (VIIc) (aus (VIIa)/(VIIb)) isoliert werden können.
ChemInform Abstract: AROMATIC ELECTROPHILIC SUBSTITUTION BY PUMMERER REARRANGEMENT INTERMEDIATES
Authors: BAT D. K.
Published: April 2016

Aus dem Cyanomethyl‐sulfoxid (I) erhält man beim Erhitzen in p‐Xylol (II) neben dem Disulfid (IV) das Substitutionsprodukt (III).
ChemInform Abstract: A NOVEL INTRAMOLECULAR C‐ALKYLATION INVOLVING A 1,4‐BENZOQUINONE DERIVATIVE
Authors: ULRICH H. , RAO D. V.
Published: April 2016

Bei der Oxidation des substituierten Hydrochinons (I) erhält man, ggf. über die unabhängig mit HCl hergestellte Zwischenstufe (II), das Chinon (III), das zum Spirocyclus (IV) kondensiert Diese; wird zum Chinon (IV) reversibel oxidiert.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES ON ACRIDINES. II. SELECTIVE REDUCTION OF NITRO‐SUBSTITUTED DERIVATIVES OF 2‐AMINOACRIDONE BY DIBORANE
Authors: KOROLEV B. A. , TITOVA S. P. , KASHKOVSKAYA E. I.
Published: April 2016

Untersuchung auf dem Acridingebiet.
ChemInform Abstract: A PRACTICAL METHOD OF PREPARING OPTICALLY ACTIVE DIALKYL PHENYL PHOSPHATES
Authors: KOIZUMI T. , KOBAYASHI Y. , AMITANI H. , YOSHII E.
Published: April 2016

L‐Prolin‐ethylester (I) kondensiert mit dem Phenylphosphoresterdichlorid (II) zum Amid (III), das mit Alkoholen (IV) zu (V) und weiter mit einem anderen Alkohol (VI) zum gemischten Ester (VII) austauscht.
ChemInform Abstract: COMPLEXES OF COBALT(II), NICKEL(II), COPPER(II), ZINC(II), CADMIUM(II), URANYL(2+) AND VANADYL(2+) WITH O‐(2‐PYRROLIDENEIMINO)BENZOIC ACID
Authors: KANUNGO P. K. , MALI M. R. , MEHTA R. K.
Published: April 2016

Die Dissoziationskonstanten der Titelsäure und die Stabilitätskonstanten ihrer l:1‐Chelate (I)‐(IV) werden in wäßriger Lösung bestimmt.
ChemInform Abstract: NOVEL RUTHENIUM NITROSYL COMPLEXES FORMED BY NITROSATING THE TRIS(VIOLURATO)‐ AND TRIS(1,3‐DIMETHYLVIOLURATO)‐RUTHENATE(II) ANIONS
Authors: BREMARD C. , MULLER M. , NOWOGROCKI G. , SUEUR S.
Published: April 2016

Das Na‐ruthenat (I) reagiert mit den Barbitursäuren (II) unter Bildung der Tris‐[violurato]‐ruthenat(II)‐Komplexe (III).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND STUDY OF TRICARBOCYANINES CONTAINING FIVE‐ AND SIX‐MEMBERED RINGS IN CHROMOPHORE
Authors: MAKIN S. M. , BOIKO I. I. , SHAVRYGINA O. A.
Published: April 2016

Die durch Einführung fünf‐ oder sechsgliedriger Ringe in die Polymethinkette bewirkte bathochrome Verschiebung der Absorptionsmaxima beträgt für die Thiatricarbocyanine (IVa) und (VII) etwa 45 bzw. 5 nm, für die Chinotricarbocyanine (Va) etwa 68 bzw. 20 nm.
ChemInform Abstract: TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF DL‐LYCORAMINE
Authors: SCHULTZ A. G. , YEE Y. K. , BERGER M. H.
Published: April 2016

Ausgehend von dem Enolethylether (I) wird nach angegebener Reaktionsfolge das Titelalkaloid dl‐(VIIIf) synthetisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: PROSTAGLANDIN SYNTHESIS VIA CARBOPALLADATION
Authors: HOLTON R. A.
Published: April 2016

Aus Cyclopentadien (I) wird das Amin (II) dargestellt, dessen Umsetzung mit stöchiometrischen Mengen des Malonats (III) und LiPdHCl4 und anschließend mit dem Amin (IV) das gewünschte Enamin (V) liefert.
ChemInform Abstract: RAPID SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF CERIUM(IV), ARSENIC(III) AND NITRITE WITH PROMETHAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE
Authors: SANKE GOWDA H. , THIMMAIAH K. N.
Published: April 2016

Die Methode beruht auf der Bildung eines roten Produktes zwischen Ce(IV) und dem Reagenz in 3.9‐5.3M H3PO4‐Lösung (518 nm, 1.006·104 Liter mol‐1cm‐1, Gültigkeitsbereich des Beerschen Gesetzes 0.4 bis 15.6 ppm Ce(IV)).
ChemInform Abstract: MECHANISM OF ION EXCHANGE IN ZIRCONIUM PHOSPHATES. 20. REFINEMENT OF THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF α‐ZIRCONIUM PHOSPHATE
Authors: TROUP J. M. , CLEARFIELD A.
Published: April 2016

Die Elementarzelle von Zr(HPO4), ‐ H2O mit Z=4 wird der Raumgruppe P21/n zugeordnet.
ChemInform Abstract: KINETICS OF REDUCTION OF HEXAAMMINERUTHENIUM(3+) AND OF PENTAAMMINECHLORORUTHENIUM(2+) BY TITANIUM(3+) IONS
Authors: CHALILPOYIL P. , DAVIES K. M. , EARLEY J. E.
Published: April 2016

Ti(III) reduziert in C1′ oder CF3SO3′ enthaltenden Lösungen sowohl Ru(NH3 2 als auch Ru(NH3)5Cl2 , wobei TiOH" als reduzierendes Agens wirkt.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF COMPLEX IONS. 16. FLUOROPENTAAMMINECHROMIUM(2+) ION
Authors: WRIGHT R. E. , ADAMSON A. W.
Published: April 2016

Die Photolyse der Titelverbindung entsprechend Gleichung A wird untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOSPHORUS‐31 NMR STUDY OF SOME COORDINATION COMPLEXES OF THE PHOSPHORUS CAGE MOLECULE TETRAPHOSPHORUS HEPTAOXIDE
Authors: WALKER M. L. , MILLS J. L.
Published: April 2016

Die Struktur des P4O7 ‐Moleküls kann von derjenigen des Käfigmoleküls P4O6 abgeleitet werden, und insofern kann erwartet werden, daß sich P4O7 wie ein dreizähniger, nicht chelatbildender Ligand verhält.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF LIXVS2 (0 ≤ X ≤ 1)
Authors: MURPHY D. W. , CROS C. , DI SALVO F. J. , WASZCZAK J. V.
Published: April 2016

Entsprechend Gleichung A werden Verbindungen der Zusammensetzung LixVS2 dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: DEUTERIUM ISOTOPE EFFECTS IN THE SOLVOLYSIS OF BENZAL HALIDES. 3. β‐D3 ISOTOPE EFFECTS AND THE MECHANISM OF SOLVOLYSIS OF 1,1‐DIHALOETHYLBENZENES IN DIOXANE‐WATER MIXTURES
Authors: SRIDHARAN S. , VITULLO V. P.
Published: April 2016

Die Solvolyse der Titelverbindungen (I) und seiner 2,2,2‐D3‐Derivate in 35‐95 proz. wäßrigem Dioxan ergibt die Eliminierungsprodukte (III) und die Ketone (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: THE REGIOSELECTIVITY OF THE CATALYZED AND UNCATALYZED DIELS‐ALDER REACTION
Authors: TROST B. M. , IPPEN J. , VLADUCHICK W. C.
Published: April 2016

Der Einfluß von Sund Osowie von Lewissäure‐Katalysatoren auf die Regioselektivität der Produktbildung bei verschiedenen Diels‐Alder‐Additionen wird untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: TRANS‐STILBENE‐AMINE EXCIPLEXES. PHOTOCHEMICAL ADDITION OF SECONDARY AND TERTIARY AMINES TO STILBENE
Authors: LEWIS F. D. , HO T.‐I.
Published: April 2016

Die Fluoreszenz von trans‐Stilben (I) in Acetonitril wird z.B. durch Triethylamin gelöscht, wobei ein Exciplex entsteht.
ChemInform Abstract: AMINO ACIDS AND PEPTIDES, XXIV. RADICALLY AND PHOTOCHEMICALLY INITIATED OXIDATION OF AMINO ACID DERIVATIVES
Authors: HAEUSLER J. , JAHN R. , SCHMIDT U.
Published: April 2016

Die Cyclopeptide (I), (III), (V) und (VII) werden in einer Sauerstoffatmosphäre photochemisch‐radikalisch unter Benzophenon‐Katalyse unter Bildung von Mono‐ bzw. Bis‐peroxiden (II), (IV), (VI) bzw. (VIII) (nur (VIIIb) (keine Ausb.‐Angabe) ist isolierbar) oxidiert.
ChemInform Abstract: POLYHALOALLENES AND ‐ACETYLENES. PART XII. FURTHER STUDIES ON ROUTES TO TETRAFLUOROALLENE AND TETRAFLUOROPROPYNE
Authors: BANKS R. E. , DAVIES W. D. , HASZELDINE R. N. , TAYLOR D. R.
Published: April 2016

Beim Erhitzen über Kieselsäure erhält man aus dem Dibrom‐perfluorpropen (I) das Isomere (II), das bei der Pyrolyse in Tetra‐ fluorallen (III) und das isomere Perfluor‐propin (IV) übergeht.
ChemInform Abstract: ALIPHATIC DIAZO KETONES. A MODIFIED SYNTHESIS REQUIRING MINIMAL DIAZOMETHANE
Authors: SCOTT L. T. , MINTON M. A.
Published: April 2016

Zur optimalen Ausnutzung von Diazomethan (II), die insbesondere bei der Verwendung markierter Verbindungen von Interesse ist, wird eine Methode zur Umwandlung von Säurechloriden in Diazoketone, z.B. (IV), unter Zusatz von Triethylamin (III) entwickelt.
ChemInform Abstract: POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE OXIDATIONS OF TERMINAL OLEFINS AND ACETYLENES TO CARBOXYLIC ACIDS OF ONE LESS CARBON
Authors: KRAPCHO A. P. , LARSON J. R. , ELDRIDGE J. M.
Published: April 2016

Endständige Olefine (I) werden durch Kaliumpermanganat zu den Carbonsäuren (II) mit einer um l C‐Atom verkürzten Kohlenstoffkette oxidiert, wobei die Zwischenstufen der Reaktion untersucht werden.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 2‐BROMOCYCLOPROPYLALKANONES
Authors: HAMMERSCHMIDT F. , ZBIRAL E.
Published: April 2016

Der Hunsdiecker‐Abbau der trans‐2‐Acyl‐cyclopropylcarbonsäuren (I) oder ihrer cis‐Isomeren mit rotem HgO und Brom in CCl4 oder CCl4/CH2C12 unter Lichtabschluß ergibt überwiegend die trans‐2‐Brom‐cyclopropyl‐alkyl‐ketone (II) und in geringeren Ausbb.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF BICYCLIC CYCLOOCTADIENONES‐ PHOTOLYSIS OF DIVINYLCYCLOPROPANES INDUCED BY PENTACARBONYLIRON
Authors: SAREL S. , LANGBEHEIM M.
Published: April 2016

Die Belichtung der Divinylcyclopropane (I) ergibt in Gegenwart von Eisenpentacarbonyl über die Komplexe (III) die Ringerweiterungsprodukte (VI) und (VII) sowie die Eisenverbindungen (IV) und (V).