bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Turking in the time of COVID
Authors: Arechar Antonio Alonso , Rand David Gertler
Published: June 2020

On March 16, 2020, the US Government introduced strict social distancing protocols for the United States in an effort to stem the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. This had an immediate major effect on the job market, with millions of Americans forced to find alternative ways to make a living from home. As online labor markets like Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) play a major role in social science research, concerns have been raised that the pandemic may be reducing the diversity of subjects participating in experiments. Here, we investigate this possibility empirically. Specifically, we look at 15,539 responses gathered in 23 studies run on MTurk between February and July 2020, examining the distribution of gender, age, ethnicity, political preferences, and analytic cognitive style. We find notable changes on some of the measures following the imposition of nationwide social distancing: participants are more likely to be less reflective (as measured by the Cognitive Reflection Test), and somewhat less likely to be white, Democrats (traditionally over-represented on MTurk), and experienced with MTurk. Most of these differences are explained by an influx of new participants into the MTurk subject pool who are more diverse and representative – but also less attentive – than previous MTurkers.
Choosing an Electoral Rule: Values and Self-Interest in the Lab
Authors: Bol Damien , Blais André , Coulombe Maxime , Laslier Jean-François , Pilet Jean-Benoit
Published: June 2020

Citizens are increasingly involved in the design of democratic institutions, for instance via referendums. If they support the institution that best serves their self-interest, the outcome inevitably advantages the largest group and disadvantages minorities. In this paper, we challenge this pessimistic view with an original lab experiment in France and Great Britain. In the first phase, experimental subjects experience elections under plurality and approval voting. In the second phase, they decide which rule they want to use for extra elections. The treatment is whether they do or do not have information to determine where their self-interest lies before deciding. We find that self-interest shapes people’s decisions, but so do intrinsic egalitarian values that subjects have outside of the lab. The implications are: (1) people have consistent ‘value-driven preferences’ for electoral rules, and (2) putting them in a situation of uncertainty leads to an outcome that reflects these values.
Demographics, Clinical Profile, Cause and Outcome of Epilepsy in Neurosurgical Unit in Manipal Teaching Hospital in Western Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Suman , Bhandari Prabin , Karmacharya Balgopal , Yogi Nikunja
Published: June 2020

Background: Epilepsy is a common chronic disorder characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures. Around 50 million people worldwide have epilepsy and almost 80% of people with epilepsy live in low and middle-income countries. Most of these people do not get the necessary treatment they need. The main objective of this study is to study the demographic profile of patients, etiology of epilepsy and prescribing pattern, drug compliance, and its outcome in terms of epilepsy control in patients.

Materials and methods: A retrospective analytical study was conducted from January 2018 to December 2018 including 120 consecutive patients admitted with epilepsy with an objective to study various clinico-socio-demographical features of epilepsy and various features associated with outcome. The outcome was categorized into a good outcome group and poor outcome group according to absence or decrease in seizure frequency in 6 months duration in comparison to the pre-treatment status. All the continuous variables were compared in relation to the outcome using the student's t-test and the categorical data were compared using Chi-square and Fischer Exact test. Data analysis was done using SPSS 20.0 software.

 Results: The mean age of the study population was 37.8 ± 21.1 years (4 months -95 years). Mean hospital stay was 11.97 ± 11.5 days. There were 79 (65.83%) males and 41 (34.17% females in the study. Ninety seven (80.83%) of the patients in our were educated above high school level and literacy level showed statistically significant association with good seizure control (p=0.043). One hundred thirteen patients had Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures and 7 patients had a partial seizure. Levetiracetam (52, 43.3%) was the commonest antiepileptic used in our series, and polytherapy was used in 15 (12.5%) of patients. Intracerebral hemorrhage (39.2%) and Trauma (36.7%) were the commonest cause of epilepsy in our series.

Conclusion: Drug compliance played a pivotal role in determining good seizure control vs. poor seizure control. Additionally, the literacy level of the patient determined drug compliance and thus seizure control.
Editorial Vol.2(2)
Authors: Badal Bharat Prasad
Published: June 2020

No abstract available.
Mapping the Nepali NGO Sector: Understanding the evolutionary patterns
Authors: K.C. Dipendra , Lorsuwannarat Tippawan
Published: June 2020

The number of Nepali NGOs is on the rise. However, except the total number of NGOs, the information about the spatial distribution of these NGOs is rarely available. This descriptive paper utilizes the data from the Social Welfare Council and Aid Management Platform of the Ministry of Finance to explore the spatial distribution of NGOs and foreign aid in Nepal. It uses descriptive statistics and visual graphs and charts to demonstrate the distribution. The study finds that NGOs and foreign aid are agglomerated in province number three of Nepal. The paper suggests that the uneven distribution of NGOs and aid leads to uneven realization of development outcomes in Nepal. Registration, renewal, and procedures are extremely lengthy and tedious in Nepal.
Changing Gender Relations in Media as Social Development
Authors: Kafle Kapil
Published: June 2020

The study explores the changing gender relations in media as social development. Changing Gender Relations have been found expressed in the media that can be proven with different examples but the activists and campaigners of gender equality movement are found glued with the decade old metaphors till date. Though the biological identity of a person still determines the power but the gap has been narrowed down. Even men, as activists, have involved advocating for their gender based grievances created as a result of the patriarchy and masculinity. There is discrimination against women, and even violence against them is in the higher volume in the society, but the cases of the remedies have also increased. Power relations have been found very much gendered and sexist, but the account of changes has not been highlighted properly. Changes in power relations are seen in the media but recognition of the same is not made officially. A concept, that most of the women are victims because of their femininity and men are perpetrators because of their masculinity, has also been repeatedly expressed whereas it has been proved that masculinity does not have a biological basis. Methodologically the study is completely based on secondary information of literature review. In conclusion, a concept of social development lies in gender equality has been internalized at least preliminary level by the media that is needed to recognize by the society so that media will be more encouraged to make contributions for the issues of social development.
The Role of Nepalese Political Parties in Democracy (1990-2018)
Authors: Thapaliya Ram Sharan
Published: June 2020

This research paper analyzes the role of political parties in the democratic period of 1990-2018. This period was dominantly ruled by Nepali Congress and Nepal Communist Party (NCP)-United Marxist Leninist (UML). This paper explores how the major political parties revisited their political policies and diversified their scope after the second people’s movement (SPM) as a way to address the pressure exerted by the inclusion agenda forwarded by the then Nepal Communist Party-Maoist. After the king assumed direct executive power through a political coup, the coalition of the parliamentarian parties knows as Seven Party Alliance and the rebelling Maoist party reached a twelve-point understanding which consequently led to declare Nepal a democratic republic with a parliamentary system of governance. But the intraparty feuds and the ideological divides between the democratic and the communist parties remain.
Percepções de profissionais sobre a violência contra as mulheres nos serviços de proteção no município de São João del-Rei – MG
Authors: Matos Soares Ana Caroline , Barroso Fontes Marcia
Published: June 2020

Este artigo apresenta as percepções dos profissionais que atuam nos serviços de atendimento às mulheres em situação de violência no município de São João del-Rei/MG. A pesquisa teve como base teórica a Política Nacional e o Pacto Nacional pelo Enfrentamento à Violência Contra a Mulher, que propõem, em linhas gerais, a articulação entre os serviços e o fortalecimento de uma rede de apoio que visa o enfrentamento à violência contra as mulheres. O estudo consistiu em uma pesquisa quali-quantitativa na Delegacia Especializada no Atendimento à Mulher e no Centro de Referência Especializada em Assistência Social da Cidade da São Joao del-Rei. Percebeu-se pelos dados obtidos uma situação preocupante em termos de violência na referida cidade, além de alguns entraves no seu enfrentamento, como: ausência de capacitação e especialização dos profissionais; inexistência de uma rede articulada; e escassez de ações municipais baseadas na Política e no Pacto Nacional.
The main qualities of a modern teacher of primary education
Authors: Krasiuk Liudmyla
Published: June 2020

This article reveals the main qualities of a modern teacher of elementary education. The actuality of this problem is proved. A number of normative documents on the mentioned problem are analyzed, namely: «Professional standard of a teacher of elementary school», «Typical educational program for improvement of professional skill of pedagogical workers». On the basis of the analysis of the «Professional Standard of the Primary School Teacher», the basic labor functions of the teacher of the elementary classes are clearly defined. According to the standard, the work of the teacher involves employment in the classroom and outside the building. Also, for the teacher there is a high level of psycho physiological and emotional load, a high level of responsibility for the formation of the educational environment and the safety of students. According to the «Typical Educational Program for the Improvement of qualifications of teaching staff», the profile of the elementary school teacher is defined. Profile or competency description conforms to the Concept for the implementation of state policy in reforming general secondary education «New Ukrainian School».The basic competences of the teacher of elementary classes should include: vocational and pedagogical, social-civil, general cultural, linguistic-communicative, psychological-facilitative, entrepreneurial, information-digital competence. The article outlines the basic individually-personal and professionally-active qualities of the teacher, which he must acquire in order to implement the strategic goal and objectives of reforming primary education successfully.
ОСНОВНІ ФОРМИ УКРАЇНСЬКО-ЛАТВІЙСЬКОГО СПІВРОБІТНИЦТВА У ГУМАНІТАРНО-КУЛЬТУРНІЙ СФЕРІ У 1991-2018 РР.
Authors: Krasnozhon Neonila
Published: June 2020

Стаття присвячена розкриттю основних проблем українсько- латвійського співробітництва у гуманітарно-культурній сфері. Особливо місце у цій співпраці належить спільній роботі урядів обох держав по підтримці культурно-просвітницької роботи української діаспори в Латвії. У статті також зазначається, що на сьогоднішній день співпраця між Латвією та Україною у гуманітарно-культурній сфері знаходиться на достатньо високому рівні, вона охоплює різні сфери соціального та духовно-культурного життя суспільств обох держав. До основних форм гуманітарно-культурної співпраці авторка статті відносить наступні: використання Україною латвійського досвіду у сфері вирішення проблем мультиетнічного складу держави; спільне вирішення низки схожих проблем, які стосуються процесу декомунізації; мовна політика; реалізація Україною та Латвією низки суміжних культурницьких проектів; гуманітарна допомога Латвії та латвійського суспільства Україні у її боротьбі з російською агресією.
НОВІ ДАНІ ПРО ВВЕЗЕННЯ ДО РОСІЙСЬКОЇ ІМПЕРІЇ ФАЛЬШИВИХ ГРОШЕЙ ІЗ АНГЛІЇ ПРОТЯГОМ ХІХ СТ.
Authors: Boiko-Gagarin Andriy
Published: June 2020

У першій чверті ХІХ ст. збільшення кількості виявлених підроблених кредитних білетів, завезених до Російської імперії із Англії, серйозно стурбувало владу. Слідство поступово набуло рівня державного значення. У 1820-х рр. російська влада вдалась до ретельного відслідковування всіх євреїв, що прямували до Царства Польського і потенційно могли мати при собі фальшиві кредитні білети, призначені для збуту у Росії.Спроби провезення т.зв. «англійських» підробок до Польщі зафіксовано також через кордон із Пруссією, що змусило владу до перевірки євреїв, виїжджаючих до Пруссії, підозрюючи, що через неможливість отримання ними паспортів до Англії, що підлягало ретельному контролю, поява таких громадян з високим ступенем імовірності супроводжувалась наявністю в них підроблених прусських документів. 28 жовтня 1868 р. до Варшавського губернатора надсилається рапорт начальника Радзеювського уїзду про наявні достовірні свідчення про збувальника фабрикованих у Лондоні ще 1864 р. фальшиві російські кредитні білети 10 руб. номіналу уродженцем Польщі, власником маєтку у м. Ольганово Влоцлавського уїзду Варшавської губ. – Адамом Богушем, що збував їх у прусській провінцій – Великому князівстві Познанському торгівцям крупною рогатою худобою та овець. 11 січня 1870 р. Варшавський карний суд виніс вирок збувальнику фальшивих банкнот Адаму Богушу – позбавленням всім прав та свобод та засланням до Сибіру на 6 років каторжних робіт. Та він був не єдиним, чия справа відрізнялась гучністю у розслідуванні фінансової диверсії з Лондону, в той самий час все більших обертів набирає справа іншого англійського агента збувальника – Леона Варненке. Інформація про фальшивомонетника набула такого розголосу та чутки про наповнення начебто всієї Росії фальшивими англійськими банкнотами так сильно укорінились в уяві населення, що породили новий вид шахрайства – пропозиції купівлі якісних «англійських» підробок для легкого збуту.
НАУКОВО-ОСВІТНЯ ІНТЕЛІГЕНЦІЯ В ПРОЦЕСАХ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ УКРАЇНОЗНАВЧИХ СТУДІЙ В ПЕРІОД СУСПІЛЬНО-ПОЛІТИЧНИХ ПЕРЕТВОРЕНЬ (1985-1991)
Authors: Potapenko Ruslana
Published: June 2020

У статті простежено як радянська влада боролася з проявами національної свідомості в Україні. Висвітлено актуальні питання щодо українознавчого аспекту дослідження історії України в добу Перебудови (1985-1991 рр.). Адже, в формуванні національної самосвідомості українського народу важливе значення посідало відновлення історичної пам’яті, осмислення або переосмислення історичної місії в контексті загальноцивілізаційного поступу. Важливу роль в даних процесах відігравали вчителі-патріоти, науковці, які підтримували ідею незалежної і суверенної України. Формуючи українську націю вони звертали свої погляди на українознавство, а уроки з даної тематики сприяли усвідомленню приналежності до певного народу, який має свою історію, культуру, духовну спадщину. На долю українського народу випали важкі випробування, які були викликані її колоніальним поневоленням, особливо в частині національної самобутності. Для досягнення результату використовувалися всі методи, засоби, починаючи від демагогії, утисків, фальсифікацій, заборон і закінчуючи нищенням, репресіями національної еліти, інтелігенції, що становила ядро нації. У часи Перебудови виникла ідея стосовно створення першого в Україні науково-освітнього центру, який би займався вирішенням практичних завдань, а саме – творив би національну освіту, науку, виховання. Так за ініціативи декана філологічного факультету Київського державного університету імені Тараса Шевченка П. Кононенка в 1988 р. було створено Центр українознавства.
КОБЗАР ІВАН КУЧУГУРА-КУЧЕРЕНКО – МІФИ ТА ДІЙСНІСТЬ
Authors: Teteria Svіtlana
Published: June 2020

У статті розглядається життєвий та творчий шлях талановитого музиканта, унікального кобзаря І. Кучугури-Кучеренка. Акцентується увага на тих моментах біографії, які не відповідають дійсності. Прослідковується життєвий та творчий шлях представника унікального явища української етнічної культури на основі архівних джерел, публікацій та музейних предметів. Такий аналіз, що розкриває дійсний стан справ, став можливий лише після проголошення Незалежності України, коли науковці, дослідники та зацікавлені люди змогли користуватись архівними джерелами та публікаціями без радянської тоталітарної цензури. Автор на основі опрацьованих новітніх джерел на прикладі постаті І. Кучугури-Кучеренка розкриває інформацію про нищення етнічної культури радянським імперським режимом. Кінець 80-х рр. XX ст. відзначався активними процесами відродження національної культури, і кобзаризм не був винятком. Тому під час створення музейної виставки у Переяславі було проведено величезну колекційну роботу. Під час цієї титанічної роботи на заводі в м. Полонне Хмельницької області було введено в експлуатацію серію декоративних фарфорових ваз. Цю серію розробив художник Козак Микола Іванович. До неї також була ваза з портретом Івана Кучугура-Кучеренка. Вона зараз знаходиться в експозиції переяславського Музею кобзарства. Крім портретного зображення, на ній є напис Івана Кучугура-Кучеренка. Рік загибелі не відповідає дійсності, оскільки на момент створення вази архіви були недоступні, це була щерадянська епоха. Навіть після проголошення незалежності України ми маємо інформацію про те, що кобзар був фактично страчений у 1937 р. Але для того, щоб приховати злочини радянської влади, така неправдива інформація була надана. Було прийнято, що І. Кучугура-Кучеренко загинув під час німецької окупації.
ПРАВОВІ ЗАСАДИ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ КИЇВСЬКОГО ГЕНЕРАЛ-ГУБЕРНАТОРСТВА НА ПОЧАТКУ ХХ ст.
Authors: Hrukach Viktoria , Tkachenko Tetyana
Published: June 2020

У статті здійснена спроба проаналізувати діяльність київського, волинського, подільського генерал-губернатор, яка мала сприяти подоланню польського впливу на Правобережжі України. На основі комплексного аналізу опублікованих та архівних джерел, історіографічних здобутків розглядаються правові засади створення та подальшої еволюції інституту генерал-губернаторства у Правобережній Україні. Метою статті є аналіз джерел та висвітлення законодавчих ініціатив, з якими виступали на початку XX ст. генерал-губернатори Південно-Західного краю для зменшення в цьому регіоні польського землеволодіння, що мало на той час важливе політичне значення. Констатовано, що Генерал-губернатор як головна посадова особа у генерал-губернаторстві представляв інтереси центральної влади, здійснював контроль за діяльністю всіх адміністративних органів на підвідомчій йому території. У центрі уваги генерал-губернаторів знаходились політичні проблеми, і саме генерал-губернатори визначали обсяг поширення у краї загальноросійських буржуазних реформ. Керівництво забезпечував за допомогою канцелярії, організаційно-штатна структура якої неодноразово змінювалася. У листопаді 1914 р. Київське генерал-губернаторство було ліквідоване.
Planning Micronutrient-Dense Menus in Ontario Long-Term Care Homes: Strategies and Challenges
Authors: Duizer Lisa M. , Keller Heather H.
Published: June 2020

Prevalence of micronutrient malnutrition is high in individuals living in long-term care (LTC) homes with many individuals consuming low levels of vitamins B6, D, and E; folate; calcium; magnesium; and zinc. The focus of this research was to identify strategies and challenges encountered during development of micronutrient-dense menus for use in Ontario LTC homes and to examine costs associated with development of a menu with acceptable micronutrients. Semi-structured open-ended interviews were conducted with 13 menu planners (7 dietitians, 6 nutrition managers) in diverse LTC homes in Ontario. Data were thematically analyzed. A 7-day hypothetical menu meeting all nutrient requirements was developed and costed. Analysis of the interview data showed that menus are planned according to the Canada’s Food Guide (2007) and focus placed on Dietary Reference Intakes of protein, fibre, calcium, and sodium. Little focus is placed on micronutrients. Flexibility in foods offered was important to accommodate the small volume of food consumed. Resident preferences were balanced against nutritional requirements. Challenges included planning for diverse populations, managing portion sizes, and balancing the budget. A hypothetical menu planned to contain adequate levels of all micronutrients is 49% higher in food costs than the amount currently provided to Ontario LTC homes.
Pelatihan Social Entrepreneurship Bagi Masyarakat Pinggiran di Kota Surabaya Barat
Authors: Mahfud Choirul , Nasution Arman Hakim , Agustin Dyah Satya Yoga , Rintaningrum Ratna , Prasetyawati Niken
Published: June 2020

Pelatihan social entrepeneurship merupakan salah satu cara untuk menjawab masalah social ekonomi masyarakat pinggiran di kota. Sasaran utama dari kegiatan ini adalah para pemuda dari karangtaruna di daerah Tandes, Surabaya Barat. Strategi dan metode yang dipraktikkan dalam pelatihan ini adalah pemberian materi dengan ceramah, diskusi dan melihat video inspirasi dari Youtube. Pelatihan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan wawasan dan ketrampilan berpikir para pemuda agar lebih berdaya secara sosial. Lebih dari itu, harapannya dengan memberikan wawasan mengenai social entrepeneurship dapat menjadi modal awal untuk menjadi mewujudkan kemandirian dari masyarakat khususnya di daerah pinggiran kota melalui usaha melakukan perubahan berbasis social ekonomi.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Di TK Labschool IKIP PGRI Jember
Authors: Pertiwi Eky Prasetya , Siswono Hendrik
Published: June 2020

Pemberdayaan masyarakat pada lembaga anak usia dini merupakan implementasi dari pendidik, peserta didik, orang tua/wali, masyarakat lingkungan pendidikan. Untuk mewujudkan lingkungan yang aman, rapi tertib, kondusif dan merangsang anak untuk tertarik beraktivitas maka diperlukan kerjasama yang saling mendukung antara guru, orang tua dan masyarakat. Hal ini, pengabdi menerapkan pemberdayaan dalam sekolah TK Labschool IKIP PGRI Jember dengan melibatkan orang tua siswa dalam kegiatan peringatan Hari Kartini. Kegiatan dilakukan lomba-lomba yang melibatkan kerjasama dan interaksi orang tua dan siswa antara lain, peragaan busana daerah, pembuatan dan menghias celengan, dan melukis gypsum bersama. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di TK Labschool IKIP PGRI Jember Kecamatan Sumbersari Kabupaten Jember pada Tanggal 15 April 2019. Hasil pemberdayaan menjadikan orang tua terlibat secara langsung dalam acara yang telah diadakan oleh sekolah. Terbukti dengan keaktifan orang tua dalam membantu membuat dan menghias celengan serta membantu melukis gypsum. Selain itu, orang tua tidak memaksakan kehendaknya sendiri. Terbukti pada saat anak dan orang tua menghias celengan, orang tua lebih menuruti model seperti apa yang diinginkan anak. Program pendidikan anak usia dini haruslah menjadi pemenuhan berbagai macam kebutuhan anak, mulai dari kesehatan, nutrisi dan stimulasi pendidikan, juga harus dapat memberdayakan lingkungan masyarakat dimana anak mengalami perkembangan secara alami.
NILAI KARAKTER BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL TRADISI TEPUNG TAWAR PADA ETNIS MELAYU SAMBAS
Authors: Hemafitria Hemafitria
Published: June 2020

Salah satu nilai yang dapat dijadikan landasan pengembangan karakter anak adalah nilai-nilai kebaikan suatu daerah yang mengakar kuat sebagai sistem budaya, yang kemudian disebut sebagai kearifan lokal. Kearifan lokal tepung tawar merupakan tawaran yang menarik untuk pengembangan pendidikan karakter, karena pada dasarnya pengembangan karakter harus diikuti dengan integrasi identitas nasional pada anak, identitas nasional atau nasionalisme pasti akan terkait erat dengan jaringan budaya nasional. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari tiga kegiatan yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan/verifikasi. Berdasarkan temuan bahwa Tradisi Tepung Segar memiliki Nilai Karakter Berdasarkan Kearifan Lokal Komunitas Melayu Sambas. Tradisi kelahiran tepung tawar : 1) nilai-nilai agama, syukur dapat dikontekstualisasikan menjadi karakter agama, 2) nilai kesatuan dengan alam dapat dikontekstualisasikan menjadi karakter tanggung jawab dan disiplin, dan 3) nilai-nilai sosial, cinta dan kasih sayang, juga karena keselamatan dan kehidupan yang baik dapat dikontekstualisasikan menjadi karakter kasih sayang, perhatian, dan kerja sama. Kearifan lokal menjadi tawaran yang menarik bagi pengembangan pendidikan karakter, karena pada dasarnya pengembangan karakter harus diikuti dengan integrasi identitas nasional dalam warganegara.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PENGUATAN OLEH GURU TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN KEWARGANEGARAAN
Authors: Rohani Rohani , Maman Maman , Sulha Sulha
Published: June 2020

Tujuan penelitia ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian penguatan oleh guru Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas VII di SMP Negeri 4 Rasau Jaya Kabupaten Kubu Raya. Metodologi penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan bentuk penelitiannya adalah studi hubungan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII di SMP Negeri 4 Rasau Jaya Kab. Kubu Raya berjumlah 35 Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa pemberian penguatan oleh guru Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan di kategorikan “Baik” dengan rata-rata sebesar 58,07%, hal ini di dukung dengan pemberian penguatan verbal yang mencapai nilai 63%, dan nonverbal yang mencapai nilai 55%. Hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan kelas VII di SMP Negeri 4 Rasau Jaya Kabupaten Kubu Raya di kategorikan “baik” dengan rata-rata sebesar 72,91. Terdapat pengaruh pemberian penguatan oleh guru terhadap hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan kelas VII di SMP Negeri 4 Rasau Jaya Kabupaten Kubu Raya adalah sebesar 70,16%.
Principles for Managing Patients with Spinal Ailments in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Era: What Do We Know So Far? An Evidence-Based, Narrative Review
Authors: Viswanathan Vibhu Krishnan , Subramanian Surabhi , Rao Arthi K.
Published: June 2020

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly affected all specialty practices in medicine, including the field of spinal surgery. Spinal surgery is unique in that the procedures include not only fully elective and fully emergent interventions, but also involve a separate group of semi-emergent surgeries, where delayed intervention may lead to permanent neurological deficits. Here, we present an evidence-based review on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on spinal surgery and our current knowledge about this issue. We conducted a thorough search of the PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar databases using the keywords, “COVID-19,” “COVID-19 impact on spine surgery,” “coronavirus impact on spine surgery,” “COVID-19 impact on neurosurgery,” “coronavirus impact on neurosurgery,” “COVID-19 impact on spine surgeons,” and “coronavirus impact on spine surgeons” on May 6, 2020. A total of 8,322 articles were identified in the initial search. Articles that were duplicated, those that did not pertain to COVID-19 or spine surgeries, those with details not pertaining to the current topic of interest, and those published in languages other than English were excluded from our analyses. After complete screening, six articles were included in this review. During the previous few weeks, the COVID pandemic has significantly influenced all major aspects of spine surgery across the world. Outpatient care has been gradually shifted from physical visits to tele-health and online consultations. General recommendations have favored the conservative approach over surgeries, although no patient should be deprived of standard care owing to concerns about COVID. The general principles followed by spine surgeons should include early detection of COVID symptomatology; triaging of patients based on underlying spinal pathology; prescription of appropriate investigations to confirm the COVID status; isolation, as needed; selection of optimal management method as per the guidelines; adherence to best intraoperative practices; and ensuring protective measures for non-infected patients, family members, fellow heath care providers, and themselves against the disease.
ANALYSIS OF ALLEAL DIVERSITY OF THE NODX GENE IN BACTERIA OF THE SPECIES RHIZOBIUM LEGUMINOSARUM, BEAN SYMBIONTS TRIFOLIUM AND VAVILOVIA
Authors: Aksenova T.S. , Kimeklis A.K.
Published: June 2020

Rhizobium leguminosarumspecies is divided into two biovars according to the host plant which they have the ability to nodulate: viciaewith legumes from the tribe Fabeae, trifoliiwith legumes of the genus Trifolium. However, a separate group of symbionts of the relict plant Vavilovia formosaseparates from biovar viciae, demonstrating ancestral features of genomes. In this study, we compare the selection of the Vaviloviaand Trifoliumsymbionts in order to identify common patterns in the structure of symbiotic genes. The results show that, both these rhizobia groups share several ancestral features. The data obtained suggest that the symbionts Vaviloviaand Trifoliumcan also show some resemblance to the common ancestor of the species R. leguminosarum, which existed before the division of the species into viciaeand trifoliibiovars
USAGE FEATURES OF THE ELECTRONIC INDICATORS FOR SHIP’S AND SHORE POWER SUPPLY TWO– STROKE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES (DIESEL ENGINES)
Authors: Taranin A.G.
Published: June 2020

The present publication illuminate the tasks as follows: Electronic indicator proper usage at four–stroke internal combustion engines (diesel engines) indication; Indication results & diagram proper transfer to PC; indicator diagram top dead center TDC correction and engine performance data output values such as PMI–mean indicated pressure, PME–mean effective pressure, NIND–indicated power and NEFF–effective power proper calculations for each cylinder and engine total
PROBLEMS OF INHERITANCE OF SHARE IN THE AUTHORIZED CAPITAL OF A LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY
Authors: Ivleva D.V. , Karipova A.I. , Dusanbekova M.A.
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we present the results of a study of the most actual problems in civil law related to the inheritance of corporate rights. It seems possible, based on the analysis of forensic-arbitration practice, to receive answers to some of the most pressing problems in the pursuit of the share of the charter capital of a limited liability company
GREENING OF RUSSIAN LEGISLATION ON TAXES AND FEES
Authors: Kolovajlo S.A.
Published: June 2020

The existing environmental and economic problems determine the need to analyze and develop proposals for improving tools that allow, on the one hand, to stimulate rational use of natural resources, on the other -to reduce the tax burden on business entities, which will contribute to their interest in the introduction of resource-saving technologies. The paper substantiates the need to transform the tax system, which will ensure a balanced environmental andeconomic development
LEGAL NATURE OF THE LEGAL ACT OF MANAGEMENT
Authors: Vasileva Ya.V.
Published: June 2020

In this article, the legal nature of legal acts of management is presented through a list of legal features. Based on the analysis of these specific features, legal acts of management are presented in comparison with laws, acts of justice, and acts in the field of civil legal relations
CONTENT ASPECT OF THE PROBLEM: INFORMATIONAL, REFLECTIVE AND PRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL OF SCIENTIFIC AND PEDAGOGICAL DIALOGUE
Authors: Tretyakova K.A.
Published: June 2020

The article reveals the author's idea of the concept of the thesis "pedagogy as a field of dialogical search".In this topic, it is primarily a prerequisite and basis for the dialogical interaction of cognitive practices. It is considered as the transfer of information in professional communication
Lower Hounsfield units on CT are associated with cage subsidence after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion
Authors: Wang Minghao , Mummaneni Praveen V. , Xi Zhuo , Chang Chih-Chang , Rivera Joshua , Guinn Jeremy , Mayer Rory , Chou Dean
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE

A consequence of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is graft subsidence, potentially leading to kyphosis, nonunion, foraminal stenosis, and recurrent pain. Bone density, as measured in Hounsfield units (HUs) on CT, may be associated with subsidence. The authors evaluated the association between HUs and subsidence rates after ACDF.

METHODS

A retrospective study of patients treated with single-level ACDF at the University of California, San Francisco, from 2008 to 2017 was performed. HU values were measured according to previously published methods. Only patients with preoperative CT, minimum 1-year follow-up, and single-level ACDF were included. Patients with posterior surgery, tumor, infection, trauma, deformity, or osteoporosis treatment were excluded. Changes in segmental height were measured at 1-year follow-up compared with immediate postoperative radiographs. Subsidence was defined as segmental height loss of more than 2 mm.

RESULTS

A total of 91 patients met inclusion criteria. There was no significant difference in age or sex between the subsidence and nonsubsidence groups. Mean HU values in the subsidence group (320.8 ± 23.9, n = 8) were significantly lower than those of the nonsubsidence group (389.1 ± 53.7, n = 83, p < 0.01, t-test). There was a negative correlation between the HU values and segmental height loss (Pearson’s coefficient −0.735, p = 0.01). Using receiver operating characteristic curves, the area under the curve was 0.89, and the most appropriate threshold of HU value was 343.7 (sensitivity 77.1%, specificity 87.5%). A preoperative lower HU is a risk factor for postoperative subsidence (binary logistic regression, p < 0.05). The subsidence rate and distance between allograft and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) materials were not significantly different (PEEK 0.9 ± 0.7 mm, allograft 1.0 ± 0.7 mm; p > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Lower preoperative CT HU values are associated with cage subsidence in single-level ACDF. Preoperative measurement of HUs may be useful in predicting outcomes after ACDF.
Predicting tumor-specific survival in patients with spinal metastatic renal cell carcinoma: which scoring system is most accurate?
Authors: Massaad Elie , Hadzipasic Muhamed , Alvarez-Breckenridge Christopher , Kiapour Ali , Fatima Nida , Schwab Joseph H. , Saylor Philip , Oh Kevin , Schoenfeld Andrew J. , Shankar Ganesh M. , Shin John H.
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE

Although several prognostic scores for spinal metastatic disease have been developed in the past 2 decades, the applicability and validity of these models to specific cancer types are not yet clear. Most of the data used for model formation are from small population sets and have not been updated or externally validated to assess their performance. Developing predictive models is clinically relevant as prognostic assessment is crucial to optimal decision-making, particularly the decision for or against spine surgery. In this study, the authors investigated the performance of various spinal metastatic disease risk models in predicting prognosis for spine surgery to treat metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

METHODS

Data of patients who underwent surgery for RCC metastatic to the spine at 2 tertiary centers between 2010 and 2019 were retrospectively retrieved. The authors determined the prognostic value associated with the following scoring systems: the Tomita score, original and revised Tokuhashi scores, original and modified Bauer scores, Katagiri score, the Skeletal Oncology Research Group (SORG) classic algorithm and nomogram, and the New England Spinal Metastasis Score (NESMS). Regression analysis of patient variables in association with 1-year survival after surgery was assessed using Cox proportional hazard models. Calibration and time-dependent discrimination analysis were tested to quantify the accuracy of each scoring system at 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year.

RESULTS

A total of 86 metastatic RCC patients were included (median age 64 years [range 29–84 years]; 63 males [73.26%]). The 1-year survival rate was 72%. The 1-year survival group had a good performance status (Karnofsky Performance Scale [KPS] score 80%–100%) and an albumin level > 3.5 g/dL (p < 0.05). Multivariable-adjusted Cox regression analysis showed that poor performance status (KPS score < 70%), neurological deficit (Frankel grade A–D), and hypoalbuminemia (< 3.5 g/dL) were associated with a higher risk of death before 1 year (p < 0.05). The SORG nomogram, SORG classic, original Tokuhashi, and original Bauer demonstrated fair performance (0.7 < area under the curve < 0.8). The NESMS differentiates survival among the prognostic categories with the highest accuracy (area under the curve > 0.8).

CONCLUSIONS

The present study shows that the most cited and commonly used scoring systems have a fair performance predicting survival for patients undergoing spine surgery for metastatic RCC. The NESMS had the best performance at predicting 1-year survival after surgery.
Metodologia badań nad komitologią w zakresie analizy wpływu jej funkcjonowania na treść prawa uchwalanego w Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Borkowska Weronika
Published: June 2020

The article presents methodological theories, application of which, when adopting the political and legal research perspective, makes it possible to analyse the impact of comitology on the shape of law adopted in the European Union. The author assumes that in consideration of equally complex decision-making centers as comitology committees, whose structural element is their location between two levels – the Community and the national level, it is impossible to limit to only one research method. The purpose of the article is an attempt to demonstrate that the most reasonable approach to comitology research is to use institutional and legal analysis, which is based on theoretical assumptions combining political and legal sciences and to supplement it to explain phenomena occurring within the comitology committees by applying the assumptions of the theory PAT (Principal–Agent Theory), the Scharpf’s theory of legitimacy of power, Wessels’s fusion theory and analysis of empirical data. This approach is designed to enable the examination of normative acts, in which legal basis of functioning of the comitology institutions (i.e. the EU founding treaties, comitology regulations and judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Union), as well as to highlight a number of issues relevant to the practical aspect of the functioning of comitology committees.
The Educational Failure of Pupils and Students as a Social Phenomenon: A Research Methodology
Authors: Zborovsky G. E. , Ambarova P. A.
Published: June 2020

The article sets and characterizes the social diagnosis of a significant part of pupils and students, which is defined by the authors as educational failure. It manifests itself in a low level of educational motivation, blurred professional orientations and self-determination, and a weak desire to accumulate human capital and social achievement. This diagnosis can be traced all the way through the transfer of human capital of the unsuccessful educational communities – from school to college and university, and then to the labor market. The article identifies the main lacunae and consequent methodological problems in the study of educational failure. The phenomenon of educational failure is considered in terms of four stages of emergence and development. The features of an interdisciplinary methodology of its research are shown. The authors reveal the potential of the interdisciplinary use of sociological, economic, psychological, socio-psychological, and pedagogical approaches in the study of educational failure and ways to overcome it.
Integrative Teaching Strategy for Developing Writing Skills in Non-Linguistics Master Students
Authors: Komochkina E. A. , Yarotskaya L. V.
Published: June 2020

The paper discusses some interdisciplinary, contextual, and linguistic aspects of developing language skills essential to writing scientific papers. The suggested strategy provides a theoretical foundation for designing an integrated teaching strategy that incorporates three basic components: teaching writing skills and subskills in a foreign language, using an online teaching platform, and the universality of the scientific language that underlies scientists’ professional communication all over the world. The paper identifies gaps in teaching writing skills in a foreign language, reveals typical mistakes, and proposes a way of their overcoming through introducing the integrative teaching strategy into the education process. The paper also focuses on some ways of implementing the strategy relative to the integration of traditional and online teaching of master students through their investigating specialist discourse elements, identifying formulaic expressions and grammar patterns with a view to using them in their profession-related discourse, learning to rely on those findings in producing a coherent text, and thus, developing their capacity to write clearly and effectively.
Large deviation for a 2D Allen–Cahn–Navier–Stokes model under random influences
Authors: Deugoué G. , Tachim Medjo T.
Published: June 2020

In this article, we derive a large deviation principle for a 2D Allen–Cahn–Navier–Stokes model under random influences. The model consists of the Navier–Stokes equations for the velocity, coupled with an Allen–Cahn equation for the order (phase) parameter. The proof relies on the weak convergence method that was introduced in ( Ann. Inst. Henri Poincaré Probab. Stat. 47 ( 2011 ) 725–747) and based on a variational representation on infinite-dimensional Brownian motion.
Edukacja przywięzienna w perspektywie czasowej. Wybrane zagadnienia
Authors: Pierzchała Kazimierz
Published: June 2020

Education in prison conditions is mostly focused on resocialization. In Poland, imprisonment also aims to educate and motivate people to lead a generally acceptable lifestyle. To achieve this, penitentiary institutions use appropriate educational measures by means of which changes in the personality of the convict are created. One of such methods is the introduction of education. In order to facilitate the selection of the educational content for the school’s didactic and educational tasks, it is necessary to make the inclusion of learning objectives more concrete and operational. By definition, prison schools help convicts in intellectual transformation as well as arousing interests. They are also helpful in building positive personal qualities, deepening competences in the field of ability to behave in difficult situations, etc. Education allows the convict to obtain professional and life maturity, and also teaches competition and teamwork. teamwork. Apart from scientific requirements about choosing appropriate educational content there are also some program concepts such as pedagogical theories about selecting the content of education.
ANALISIS SISTEM AKUNTANSI PENGELUARAN KAS PADA BADAN PERENCANAAN PENELITIAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN DAERAH KOTA MANADO
Authors: Rondonuwu Clarissa Bellinda , Ilat Ventje , Runtu Treesje
Published: June 2020

A good cash disbursement system in government agencies has several important benefits, among others, is to make effective the costs incurred by government agencies, prevent the occurrence of misuse, misappropriation and embezzlement of cash and help agencies in predicting the determination of the amount of cash budget that should be available for activities in the coming period. This study aims to determine the cash disbursement system based on Domestic Regulation No. 21 of 2011. The research was conducted at the Manado Regional Research and Development Planning Board. In this study the source of the data used is primary data obtained directly through interviews and the informant used was the chairman of the financial sub-section. The results obtained showed that the accounting information system regarding the cash disbursement system was good, even in its implementation it was in accordance with Domestic Regulation No. 21 of 2011
El largo y difícil camino hacia la Europa Social (Segunda Parte)
Authors: Rul-lán Buades Gaspar
Published: June 2020

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El sindicalismo en el derecho español: modelos, problemas y perspectivas (Primera Parte)
Authors: Marzal Antonio
Published: June 2020

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La culpabilidad en las infracciones tributarias
Authors: Jiménez Escobar Julio
Published: June 2020

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El resurgir de los nacionalismos
Authors: Redacción Consejo de
Published: June 2020

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El socialismo en la encíclica "Centesimus annus"
Authors: Camacho Laraña Ildefonso
Published: June 2020

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PENINGKATAN EKONOMI KELUARGA MELALUI PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DENGAN MEMBUAT SANDAL HIAS
Authors: Gunartin Gunartin , Sunarsi Denok , Hidayati Syafaatul
Published: June 2020

ABSTRAK Tujuan dari pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini, selain sebagai pemenuhan kewajiban melakukan Tridharma Perguruan Tinggi juga sebagai wujud kepedulian akademisi kepada warga masyarakat sekitar untuk membangun ekonomi keluarga sebagai fundamental membangun perekonomian bangsa. Pendekatan metodologi yang digunakan pada pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dengan pendekatan penyuluhan dan pelatihan membuat sandal hias yang mempunyai nilai ekonomis, yang nantinya dapat dijual sebagai sumber penghasilan keluarga. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini, masyarakat mendapatkan wawasan cara membuat sandal hias dengan memanfaatkan kain perca melalui simulasi pembuatan sandal hias dengan harapan dapat diteruskan dirumah masing-masing dan terus dikembangkan dengan sentuhan kreatif dan inovatif. Kata kunci: Ekonomi Keluarga, Pemberdayaan Masyarakat
PELATIHAN KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI DAN TEKNIK PEMASARAN SERTA PENYUSUNAN BUSINESS PLAN PADA WARGA BELAJAR PKBM INSAN KARYA-TANGERANG SELATAN
Authors: Noviyanti Iis , Budianto Antonius Aji Tri , Ahidin Udin
Published: June 2020

ABSTRAK Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan didalam berkomunikasi dan melakukan pemasaran serta membuat business plan yang baik kepada warga belajar PKB Insan Karya TangerangSelatan. Pelatihan ini tidak hanya di bimbing oleh mahasiswa namun kami sebagai tim PKM Unpam berusaha untuk mengajak warga belajar PKBM Insan Karya untuk mencipatakan suatu peluang usaha dan memasarkan nya kepada masyarakt baik itu usaha kecil maupun menengah. Metode pengajaran yang diberikan dengan memberikan materi dan teori tentang konsep melakukan komunikasi yang baik didalam meraih pelanggan dan memasarkan produk yang dijual secara benar agar seusai dengan target marketnya. Pelatihan in diadakan selama dua hari dimana dari hasil pelatihan yang diberikan kepada warga belajar PKBM mengerti tentang komunikasi yang baik dan dapat memahami konsep pemasaran yang benar karena selama proses pelatihan yang diadakan setiap warga belajar diberikan kesempatan untuk mempraktekan usaha-usaha yang dimiliki nya dan rencana usaha yang akan dijalankanya. Dan membuat suatu kerjinan tangan sebagai salah satu contoh dari peluang usaha. Kata Kunci: Keterampilan, Komunikasi, Pemasaran.