bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microsurgical clipping of the anterior circulation aneurysms
Authors: Da Silva Carlos Eduardo , De Freitas Paulo Eduardo Peixoto , Romero Alicia Del Carmen Becerra , Oliveira Fáberson João Mocelin , Rockenbach Márcio Aloisio Bezerra Cavalcanti , Pereyra Tâmen Moyses , Fonseca Vicente Faraon , Martins Willian Alves
Published: April 2019

Introduction: The authors present the analysis of the microsurgical clipping of 100 cerebral aneurysms of the anterior circulation and compare the series data with the literature. Methods: Eighty-eight patients presenting with 100 anterior circulation aneurysms operated on microsurgical techniques between 2002 and 2008 by the first author (CES) were retrospectively reviewed. Results: A total of 88 patients with 100 aneurysms of the anterior circulation were treated in a six years period. Fifty eight female (66%) and thirty male (34%) with nine patients (10.2%) presenting with multiple aneurysms. The mean age was 52 years (range from 26 to 76 years). Eighty five percent of the cases were ruptured aneurysms. The mean follow-up was 52.4 months (range from 5 to 76 months). The topography of the aneurysms was distributed as it follows: Anterior communicating artery (ACoA) 25%; posterior communicating artery (p-comm) 29%; middle cerebral artery (MCA) 27%; paraclinoidal aneurysms 8%; pericallosal artery 6% and internal carotid artery (ICA) tip 5%. The mortality was 7.9%, and such cases presenting with Hunt Hess graduation 3 and 4. The permanent morbidity was 4.5%, cases with Hunt Hess graduation 3 and 4. Perioperative rupture occurred in 17% of the cases, only in previous ruptured aneurysms. There was no clinical evidence of rebleeding during the follow-up period of the series. Conclusions: The microsurgical clipping of cerebral aneurysms of the anterior circulation is a safe and curative treatment for most of such lesions. At present, studies suggest evidences of superior results of surgery compared to the endovascular techniques in the rates of total occlusion of the aneurysms, lesser rates of rebleeding of the treated cases. The results of the present series are similar to the rates of the most relevant literature.
Mecânica e pragmática do funcionamento intelectual
Authors: Júnior Aluízio Silva , Serrao Valéria Trunkl , Jungerman Flávia Serebrenic , De Lúcia Maria Cristina Souza , Scaff Milberto , Miotto Eliane Correa
Published: April 2019

Introdução: Mecânica cognitiva (inteligência fluida) declina com a idade devido às mudanças neurológicas e sensoriais típicas do envelhecimento, as quais afetam a velocidade de processamento. Pragmática cognitiva (inteligência cristalizada) é de base educacional e experiencial, permanecendo preservada durante a maior parte da vida adulta. Objetivo: Investigar o funcionamento intelectual em idosos saudáveis com 65 anos ou mais. Método: 15 idosos submeteram-se a testes neuropsicológicos. Resultados: Observou-se desempenho relativamente melhor em inteligência cristalizada. A totalidade apresentou-se preservada. Na inteligência cristalizada, 5 sujeitos situaram-se na faixa média, 7 na faixa média-superior e 3 na faixa superior. Na inteligência fluida, 10 encontram-se na faixa média, 1 na faixa média-superior e 4 na faixa muito superior. Concernente ao Q.I. estimado, 9 situaram-se na faixa média, 3 na faixa média-superior e 3 na faixa superior. Analisando as coortes, o grupo com idade entre 65 e 70 anos obteve desempenho relativamente melhor no que tange à pragmática cognitiva e ao Q.I. estimado do que o grupo com idade entre 71 e 75 anos. Esta diferença acentuase ainda mais quanto à mecânica cognitiva. Conclusão: Os resultados corroboram com dados da literatura, indicando que as capacidades fluidas declinam mais cedo e mais depressa do que as cristalizadas.
Implementing “Free-Hand” Technique Training for Pedicle Screw Instrumentation in Neurosurgical Residency
Authors: Mattei Tobias Alécio , De Meneses Murilo Sousa , Milano Jerônimo Buzetti , Ramina Ricardo , Borges Conrado Regis
Published: April 2019

Introduction: The anatomical studies conducted in recent decades made possible the emergence of “free-hand” technique for pedicle screw instrumentation of the thoracic-lumbar spine based solely on anatomical parameters. However, the potential risks associated with such technique revealed the immediate need to create educational models for surgical training. Methods: After an interdisciplinary partnership, two anatomicspecimens were submitted to instrumentation of the thoracolumbar spine. In the sequence they were submitted to fine-slice CT-scan, and, finally, to the decompression of the lumbar spinal canal in order to verify the accuracy pedicle screw placement both on the anatomical and radiological level. Results: Overall, 28 intact vertebral bodies were instrumented (T5-S1) in two specimens (a total amount of 62 pedicle screws). Overall, there were only four critical perforations. Considering the accuracy rates for each specimen separately, the number of violations decreased from the first (32% of misplaced screws) to the second instrumented specimens (25%). A more surprising learning curve was noted when considering the lower thoracic spine separately (37,5% versus 12,5%). Conclusions: The authors demonstrate that incorporating the training of pedicle screw instrumentation in routine neurosurgical residency is a cost-effective educational method, which enables young neurosurgeons to practice these skills in the laboratory before  proceeding to the operating room.
Spinal arteriovenous malformation
Authors: Da Silva Elton Gomes , Ribeiro Vinícius Teixeira , Zuiani Juliana ' Rebechi , Piske Ronie Leo , Tedeschi Helder
Published: April 2019

Spinal AVMs are complex lesions that can present as a nidus or more often as fistulae. Diagnosis is usually made by angiography and the treatment of election in most cases is embolization being surgery reserved for selected cases. In this report the classification of such lesions and their treatment are discussed. We also present a case that was submitted to surgery. Although usually managed by embolization, surgery of spinal AVMs also has a role in the treatment, bringing to evidence the necessity for a multidisciplinary discussion in the therapeutic decision making process.
Cisto Dermóide com Sinus Dérmico da Região Occipital
Authors: Romero Flávio Ramalho , Nishikuni Koshiro , Patriota Gustavo Cartaxo , Rotta José Marcus
Published: April 2019

Relatamos um caso de sinus dérmico em uma paciente de 1 ano e 8 meses, apresentando desde o nascimento nódulo endurecido em região occipital, com presença de falha óssea adjacente e exames de imagem mostrando extensão da lesão para fossa posterior. Trata-se de um tumor de inclusão resultante de uma falha no desenvolvimento ectodérmico, curável pela ressecção completa e com excelente prognóstico1,2,3,6.
Differential Diagnosis and Surgical Management of Cerebellopontine Angle Cystic Lesions
Authors: Mattei Tobias Alécio , Goulart Carlos R. , De Lima Julia Schemes , Ramina Ricardo
Published: April 2019

Cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumors in adults are mainly  benign and extra-axial. Although the most common CPA lesion (vestibular schwannoma) is familiar to most neurosurgeons, cystic lesions of the CPA do pose an important diagnostic challenge demanding a careful consideration of a wide range of differential diagnosis including: epidermoid cysts, arachnoid cysts, cystic schwannomas, cystic meningiomas as well as other rare entities such as vascular and malignant tumoral lesions. The authors present a critical review of the current literature on cystic CPA lesions, providing an overview about possible differentials as well as guidelines for preoperative imaging evaluation of a cystic CPA lesion.
Occipito - C2 laminar screws fixation for treatment of chronic C1-2 instability
Authors: Joaquim Andrei F. , Cavalcante Rodrigo A. , Rodrigues Izair J. , Mudo Marcelo L.
Published: April 2019

Introduction: Anomalies of the craniovertebral junction (CVJ) include a wide range of conditions, such as C1-2 chronic instability. Surgery is generally indicated in the context of neurological deficits, although the best surgical option to be chosen is controversy. Method: A 12-year-old girl with severe neurological deficits due to a chronic fixed C1-2 subluxation underwent to an occipito-C2 laminar screws fusion and posterior decompression, with significant neurological improvement after three months follow-up. Discussion: Treatment of cranio-cervical junction anomalies is challenging. An extensive knowledge of all the fixation techniques available for occipito-C1-2 fusion is needed due to frequent anatomical variations, to achieve good surgical results.
Costs of epilepsy
Authors: Lins Catarina Couras , Adry Rodrigo Antonio Rocha da Cruz , Marques Lucia Helena Neves , Andrade Filho Antonio De Souza
Published: April 2019

Introduction: An epileptic disorder is defined as an intermittent disturbance of the nervous system and due to an excessive, sudden and disordered discharge of cerebral neurons. Recently, the cost of medical treatments, in general and in particular of the anti-epileptic drugs, have been discussed in many countries. The objective is to evaluate the cost of epilepsy treatment in Brazil. Materials And Methods: Eighty-seven epilepsy diagnosed patients with average age of 38,5 years old were studied . Results: The total cost for an annual treatment of all the 87 patients was of R$ 62.462,45. The costs with head computerized tomography, encephalic magnetic resonance, yearly electroencephalogram, yearly laboratory exams and medical consultations, were of R$8.477,28, R$3.493,75, R$986,58, R$5.649,78, R$ 3.480, respectively, with a total of R$84.549,84. The indirect costs could not be summed up because of the difficulty in obtaining retrospective information. Discussion: Drug treatment isresponsible for the higher cost of the treatment of epileptic patients, associated to the indirect costs that could be reduced with better access of the population to health services.
Diffuse Meningeal Tuberculosis
Authors: Giacomini Leonardo , Yacoub Alexandre , Mathias Roger Neves , Guizoni Enrico , Joaquim Andrei , Tedeschi Helder
Published: April 2019

A central nervous system infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MT), uncommonly seen in immunocompetent patients, brings a diagnose challenge in the modern medicine. Subdural space involvement of MT may simulate neoplastic or inflammatory diseases, bringing a direct influence in the therapeutics. We present a case report of a tetraparetic middleage woman with an atypical subdural space involvement by MT. Biopsy was done and the standard treatment for central nervous system MT was instituted, with a significant improvement in the motor function. In countries where MTinfection has high prevalence and incidence, an atypical intracranial mass should be always suspected for central nervous system involvement by MT.
Paraganglioma de Cauda Equina
Authors: Zanatelli Marcelo Motta , Zanatelli Filipe Mota , Brumati Jorge Ismael , Campos Roberto Costa
Published: April 2019

Os paragangliomas, tumores formados por células potencialmente produtoras de catecolaminas, são lesões raras no SNC e ainda mais raras na cauda equina. Menos de 100 casos são descritos na literatura e isto os torna afecções muito pouco pensadas como diagnóstico diferencial de lesões nesta região. O presente relato descreve o caso de um paciente admitido em crise hipertensiva severa secundário a paraganglioma funcionante com localização na cauda equina. Após ressecção cirúrgica, houve completa estabilização do quadro hemodinâmico e melhora do paciente, com alta no 5º PO.
Indirect Revascularization by Pial Synangiosis in Cerebrovascular Occlusive Disease in Adults
Authors: Crosa Roberto , Romani Rossana , Hernesniemi Juha
Published: April 2019

Objective: Demonstrate the successful application of indirect revascularization techniques in an adult patient with a suspected cerebral circulatory insufficiency. Methods: A pial synangiosis procedure was performed according to the technique described by Adelson and Scott. Results: A total relief of the neurological deficits, with the disappearance of the arterio-arterial anastomosis and improvement of the parenchyma filling phase. Conclusion: The use of Pial synangiosis for treating cerebrovascular occlusive disorders remains under controversy, but it becomes an attractive option in adults due to the simplicity of the method.
Adelgaçamento dos Ossos Parietais
Authors: Pereira Carlos Umberto , Pereira Francisco De Assis , Dezena Roberto Alexandre , De Oliveira Victor Hugo Bernardino , Reis Fábio Ramos , Oliveira Tercio Ferreira
Published: April 2019

Introdução: A ocorrência de adelgaçamento dos ossos parietais tem sido pouco descrita na literatura médica. Localiza-se na porção posteromedial do osso parietal. Sua prevalência é de 0,25 a 0,8% da população geral. acometendo mais o sexo feminino. Sua etiopatogenia não está esclarecida e não existe tratamento especifico. Métodos: Foram analisados os parâmetros de sexo, idade e causas. Ambos casos foram do gênero feminino e as idades foram 68 e 78 anos. Resultados: Nossos casos foram achados incidentais de imagem, sendo em um caso devido a traumatismo cranioencefálico e outra por cefaleia crônica. Conclusão: O adelgaçamento dos ossos parietais tem sido incomum, encontra-se associado com várias doenças e não existe tratamento especifico.
Síndrome de Adams-Oliver
Authors: Gatto Luana Antunes Maranha , Domingues Danielle
Published: April 2019

A Síndrome de Adams-Oliver é uma desordem rara caracterizada por aplasia cútis congênita e defeitos nos membros distais transversais. Geralmente esporádica, mas também autossômica recessiva ou dominante, apresenta um amplo espectro de apresentações fenotípicas, que podem incluir variadas malformações múltiplas sistêmicas. A doença pode ser fatal, quando inclui principalmente anomalias cardíacas, cerebrais ou renais graves. Acredita-se que a etiopatogenia se dá em função de distúrbios na vasculogênese, e mutações em seis genes foram identificados. Ampla revisão da literatura foi realizada, discutindo critérios diagnósticos e terapêuticos. Por fim, foi relatado o caso de um menino brasileiro de 11 anos de idade, com fenótipo característico e doença leve, sem achados de anomalias sistêmicas, mas retardo mental, epilepsia e traços autistas, com ressonância encefálica normal.
Disreflexia Autonômica e Crise Hipertensiva Aguda
Authors: Pereira Carlos Umberto , Pereira Francisco De Assis , Rabelo Nicollas Nunes
Published: April 2019

Introdução: A disreflexia autonômica como causa de crise hipertensiva aguda é considerada rara. Ocorre devido a uma descarga excessiva simpática em pacientes vítimas de traumatismo raquimedular acima da sexta vértebra torácica. Acomete entre 40% a 90% destes pacientes. O diagnóstico é clínico e encontra-se associado a crise hipertensiva e bradicardia. Objetivo: Relatar um caso de disreflexia autonômica em paciente tetraplégico, com manifestação clínica de hipertensão arterial aguda, cujo estímulo desencadeante foi impactação fecal. Conclusão: É importante reconhecer esta síndrome principalmente na emergência, onde na maioria das vezes é subdiagnosticada, assim como levar o conhecimento aos familiares e cuidadores destes pacientes.
Wide-Open Eyes to the “Snake-Eye Sign”
Authors: Santos Paulo Sergio Faro , Milano Jerônimo Buzetti , Teive Hélio Afonso Ghizoni , Kowacs Pedro André
Published: April 2019

Patient with progressive four-limb weakness, unsteadiness and falls. Examination revealed paretic-spastic gait, spastic tetraparesis, brisk tendon reflexes, reduced pain sensation at the right side and bilateral Hoffman and Babinski signs. Cervical magnetic resonance (MRI) revealed the “snake-eye sign” and spinal cord compression by protruded discs during cervical extension.
Lesiones Proliferativas Vasculares Cerebrales
Authors: Jaume Alejandra , Wilson Daniel , Negrotto Matías , Aramburu Ignacio , Crosa Roberto , Romero Mariana
Published: April 2019

Introducción: Las malformaciones vasculares cerebrales, tienen una incidencia del 6%, y son clasificadas de múltiples formas según topografía, morfología, y/o demografía. Con respecto a esta ultima división, dichas malformaciones se pueden clasificar en malformaciones de tipo no proliferativas o proliferativas. Las lesiones proliferativas se dividen en: Moya-Moya (M-M), angiopatia proliferativa cerebral (ACP), y hemangiomas.Materiales y Métodos: En primer lugar se presenta un caso clínico de un paciente que fue asistido en el Centro Endovascular Neurológico, donde se estudió y realizó el diagnostico de lesión proliferativa vascular, operándose para tratamiento de hemorragia intraventricular con hidrocefalia. A partir de este caso clínico ilustrativo se realizó una puesta al día sobre esta patología. Discusión: A La APC es una malformación rara, con una frecuencia del 3,4%, y el M-M tiene una incidencia mayor en Japón (3:100,000). Ambos tienen mayor frecuencia en el sexo femenino, pero la APC se presenta habitualmente a los 22 anos, mientras que el M-M tiene dos picos de presentación: uno a los 5 y otro a los 40 anos. Habitualmente este tipo de lesiones proliferativas se presentan clínicamente como accidentes cerebro vasculares (ACV) de causa isquémica. El estudio gold estándar para el diagnostico de estas malformaciones es la angiografía cerebral. Las APC son malformaciones de gran tamaño pudiendo ocupar un lóbulo o hemisferio entero, con innumerables vasos que se extienden entre neuronas y sustancia blanca normal. En la mayoría de los casos el tratamiento está dirigido para mejorar la hipoperfusión circulatoria con el fin de prevenir nuevos eventos isquémicos. Conclusión: Es importante poder diagnosticar este tipo de lesiones a tiempo, así como diferenciar la angiopatía proliferativa o Moya moya, de otro tipos de malformaciones, ya que tiene implicancias en el tratamiento y pronostico.
Carcinoma Renal com Metástase para Região Parasselar
Authors: Pacheco Cesar Cozar , Camporeze Bruno , Estevão Iracema Araújo , Mariano Patrick Moro , Sekine Marcos Kendi , Muniz Ubiratam Passos , Luciano Paulo Queiroz , Cury Filho Eduardo Jorge , De Oliveira Carlos Tadeu Parisi
Published: April 2019

A metástase de carcinoma renal para região de sela túrcica é um evento raro, compreendendo menos de 1% dos casos de metástases para região de sela túrcica. Objetivo. O presente estudo relata caso clínico de metástase de carcinoma renal para região parasselar assistido pelo serviço de neurocirurgia do Hospital Universitário São Francisco de Assis na Providência de Deus - SP. Métodos. Relato de caso com base na análise retrospectiva do prontuário médico e dos exames complementares. Apresentação Clínica. Os autores relatam caso clínico de paciente apresentando história de ptose palpebral esquerda após cinco anos de ser submetido a nefrectomia radical esquerda devido ao diagnóstico de carcinoma renal. A ressonância magnética das órbitas e do encéfalo evidenciou presença de processo expansivo centrado na sela túrcica, ocupando e distendendo completamente a mesma e apresentando realce após injeção do contraste, resultante de metástase do carcinoma renal. A tomografia computadorizada do tórax demonstrou também haver metástases pulmonares e para linfonodos pré-traqueais, e a equipe optou por não realizar a intervenção cirúrgica. Conclusão. Metástase para região parasselar é uma variante rara de carcinoma renal pouco descrita na literatura, mas que deve ser considerada como diagnóstico diferencial das patologias localizadas nessa região.
Expression of Ki-67 in Low-Grade and High-Grade Astrocytomas
Authors: Tavares Cléciton Braga , Gomes Braga Francisca Das Chagas Sheyla Almeida , Sousa Emerson Brandão , Brito José Nazareno Pearce de Oliveira
Published: April 2019

Objective. This review aims to carry out a survey on the importance of Ki67 in the astrocytomas study. Methods. A search in the electronic database of Medline via PubMed and using MESH terms was carried out. Articles were published between January 2005 and December 2015. All studies were analyzed by two experienced researchers, using inclusion and exclusion criteria for the selection of studies. Results. Five studies showed an association between cell proliferation and survival time. Four articles mentioned as cut-off point for survival a Ki67 of 10% and a fifth article a Ki67 of 14.3. A study showed an association between therapeutic failure and Ki67. Four studies have made the association between Ki67 and World Health Organization classification. Conclusion. High levels of Ki67 are associated to high grade astrocytomas and lower survival time.
Spinal Pedicle Screw Insertion
Authors: Tacla Rafaella Do Rosario , Guedes Murilo Henrique , Oliveira Lize Mattiello , Aguiar Luiz Roberto
Published: April 2019

We aimed to verify the reproducibility of the results obtained from previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses, focusing specifically on methodological and technical aspects, such as navigation method, screw insertion technique and spinal region involved to provide a more homogenous analysis. The PubMed database was searched using three terms: “stereotaxic techniques”, “neuronavigation”, and “image-guided surgery,” each associated with other two terms, “pedicle” and “screw”. Data were transferred to Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software, v.3, for statistical analysis. The significance of the pooled odds ratio was determined by the Z test, along with95% confidence intervals. A funnel plot was used to assess publication bias. The statistical significance was defined as p ≤ 0.05. The meta-analysis yielded an overall odds ratio of 2.9 favouring navigation. The average correct positioning of the screws was 91.8% for navigation, while 82.2% of screws were deemed appropriate in fluoroscopy. The odds ratio obtained for the thoracic and lumbar spines separately was 3.1 and 2.7, respectively. Among the fluoroscopy guided surgeries, 53 complications occurred, whereas only eleven complications were observed among those guided by neuronavigation. This meta-analysis suggests that compared with conventionalfluoroscopy technique, neuronavigation allows for more accurate pedicle screw placement.
Importância do Diagnóstico de Glioma Cístico Cerebral para Determinação da Tática Neurocirúrgica
Authors: De Andrade Francisco E. P. Doutel , De Souza Hugo , Câmara Lygia , Maurício Almir Salgado , Soeiro Sérgio P. G. , Oliveira Júnior Walter , De Araújo Iogo H. O. , Da Silva Fellip Dutra , B. Neves Francisco Weldes , Miorin Maria Izabel , Nakajima Marcos , Sampaio Rosana M. , Pinheiro José Álvaro B.
Published: April 2019

Os autores, através da apresentação de um caso de Glioblastoma (GBM) temporal direito e de um caso de Xantoastrocitoma Pleomórfico (XAP) temporal esquerdo, ambos com degeneração cística, realizaram um estudo bibliográfico retrospectivo, com o intuito de estabelecer parâmetros fidedignos para a decisão da tática cirúrgica a ser empregada. A Ressonância Magnética, nas sequências T2 e FLAIR (Fluid Attenuated Invertion Recovery), no GBM demonstrou a diferença entre a necrose dita pastosa e aquela com verdadeira liquefação, essa última permitindo determinar uma tática neurocirúrgica menos invasiva (esvaziamento do cisto com biopsia do tumor), com igual ou superior eficácia prognóstica em curto prazo. Essa diferenciação morfológica, a Tomografia Computadorizada (TC) não foi capaz de determinar. No segundo caso, a TC também apenas demonstrou a diferenciaçãosólida para não-sólida da massa, mas não foi suficiente para a escolha da abordagem emergencial, tática decidida em campo.
Suprapraorbital “key-hole” Approach for Surgical Treatment of Middle Cerebral Artery Aneurysms
Authors: De Souza Alexandre Haddad , Flores Juan Antonio Castro , Roelke Carlos Eduardo , Vera Felipe Romero , Veiga José Carlos Esteves
Published: April 2019

Objective. To describe details and technical difficulties observed in the use of this access for the treatment of middle cerebral artery aneurysms. Methods. This is a retrospective study including 15 patients with middle cerebral artery aneurysm operated on using this technique (two ruptured aneurysms and 13 incidental aneurysms). We considered age, gender, laterality of the aneurysm, and whether it was ruptured. We evaluated the surgical corridor (surgical field exposure and ease of handling of the surgical instruments), surgery time, complications, functional and cosmetic results. Results. This access provides adequate exposure of the surgical field, but the restricted working angle makes it difficult to dissect the aneurysm and, especially, to place the definitive clip. Conclusion. The restriction of the working angle may compromise the safety of the surgery. It is important to determine the specific indications for this access, particularly in cases of incidental aneurysms.
Caso Raro de Trauma Penetrante Transnasal com Lesão Direta e Isolada do Nervo Oculomotor
Authors: Silveira Giuliano Schmidt Bertazzo , Dalla Vechia Beatriz Manzan , Silveira Leonardo Schmidt Bertazzo , Eismann Marcos Rodrigo Pereira , Linhares Marcelo Neves , Mussi Antônio Cesar De Melo
Published: April 2019

Casos graves de Traumatismos Cranioencefálicos (TCEs) podem ocasionar paralisia do nervo oculomotor por lesões diretas ou indiretas. Paralisias traumáticas isoladas do terceiro nervo craniano (NCIII) são incomuns. Neste estudo é apresentado um caso de lesão isolada e direta do nervo oculomotor devido a traumatismo penetrante transnasal. Em 65% dos casos de paralisia traumática do nervo oculomotor foi descrita ocorrência de regeneração aberrante e em casos persistentes de paralisia pode ser necessária uma cirurgia da musculatura extraocular.
Pneumoencéfalo Hipertensivo Secundário a Traumatismo Penetrante da Região Orbitária
Authors: Teixeira Marcos Paulo Dos Santos , Pereira Carlos Umberto
Published: April 2019

O pneumoencéfalo geralmente é decorrente de lesão traumática craniofacial. Quando é decorrente de lesão penetrante na região da órbita, tem sido considerado raro. O pneumoencéfalo hipertensivo é considerado uma emergência neurocirúrgica. Os autores relatam um caso de pneumoencéfalo hipertensivo em um paciente vitima de acidente doméstico por chave de fenda na região orbitária direita. Foram discutidos a fisiopatologia, o tratamento e o prognóstico.
Aneurisma gigante da carótida interna na porção petrosa
Authors: Rogano Luís Augusto Carvalho , Cavalheiro Sergio , De Tella Júnior Oswaldo Inácio , Braga Fernando Menezes
Published: April 2019

Os autores relatam um caso de aneurisma gigante da carótida interna, porção petrosa, com expansão intracraniana, em paciente de 55 anos com hipoestesia tátil e dolorosa no território de V2 e V3, paralisia completa do VI nervo e hipoacusia acentuada, todos à esquerda. Foi feita abordagem direta, com ressecção total do aneurisma, fechamento da carótida interna no pescoço, ligadura, tamponamento e extirpação do aneurisma na região petrosa, com evolução satisfatória. A revisão da literatura pertinente ao assunto mostrou tratar-se de patologia rara.
Hipertensão intracraniana
Authors: Colli Benedicto Oscar
Published: April 2019

O autor faz uma revisão didática dos fatores envolvidos na patogenia e na fisiopatologia da hipertensão intracraniana, bem como dos elementos que possibilitam seu diagnóstico, e dos principais recursos terapêuticos empregados no seu controle. São definidos quatro mecanismos fundamentais, que, combinada ou isoladamente, podem causar hipertensão (processo expansivo intracraniano, edema cerebral, hidrocefalia e engurgitamento venoso) e são analisados os fatores que podem interferir na inter-relação dinâmica dos componentes intracranianos (dinâmica do líquido cefalorraquídeo, inter-relação entre a pressão e a hemodinâmica intracranianos, edema cerebral, transmissão da pressão no compartimento craniorraquídeo e relação pressão/volume intracranianos). O diagnóstico da hipertensão intracraniana é abordado, discutindo-se suas manifestações clínicas clássicas e aquelas decorrentes das herniações do parênquima encefálico, resultantes da descompressão da hispertensão, os exames neurorradiológicos (radiografias simples e tomografia computadorizada do crânio) e a monitorização da pressão intracraniana. No tratamento da hipertensão intracraniana, são analisadas as medidas gerais a serem tomadas, o uso da drenagem e da inibição da produção liquórica, da hiperventilação, das soluções hipertônicas desidratantes, dos glicocorticóides e dos barbitúricos, além de possíveis medidas cirúrgicas.
Morte Cerebral
Authors: De Freitas Paulo Eduardo Peixoto
Published: April 2019

Raros são os temas tão complexos, e que envolvem tantos e tão diferentes aspectos, quanto a morte. Embora seja ela um fenômeno natural, inerente à própria vida, e o único acontecimento absolutamente certo em nosso futuro, sua ocorrência em um ser humano extrapola aos fatos estritamente biológicos e assume dimensões nas áreas da filosofia, religião psicologia, sociologia, cultura, economia, ética, moral e do direito. Tratar, pois, de tal assunto, não é tarefa fácil. Requer que se renuncie a conceituações metafísicas, que se abstraia dos tabus e medos de que somos tomados ao pensar na morte. Enfim, que a tratemos sob parâmetros puramente científicos, como um acontecimento biológico natual dentro do processo da vida.
Luxação facetária associada a hérnia discal cervical
Authors: Moraes Ailton Da Costa , Serdeira Afrane , Zardo Erasmo , Deitos Jair , Filho Artur Pereira
Published: April 2019

A ocorrência de luxação facetária traumática cervical associada a hérnia discal tem sido descrita na literatura com uma incidência variando de 5% a 60% em diferentes séries. Os autores apre-sentam o resultado de uma equipe multidisciplinar (neurocirurgião + ortopedista) relatando e discutindo seus resultados em seis casos consecutivamente atendidos no ano de 1993, no Hospital de Pronto-Socorro de Porto Alegre. Salientam que por vezes o inadequado conhecimento na identificação, investigação e terapêutica fazem com que esses pacientes não se beneficiem dê uma terapêutica mais agressiva, dirigida no sentido de impedir ou limitar a progressão dos danos neurológicos; sublinham as dificuldades diagnósticas com o uso da tomografia computadorizada (TC) mesmo com o uso de contraste, sugerindo o uso de ressonância magnética (RM) nos casos suspeitos de lesão neurológica secundária, concluindo que a baixa incidência de diagnóstico em nosso meio se deva à insuficiência dos meios diagnósticos utilizados e principalmente por falta de suspeição clínica.
História da neurocirurgia da Escola Paulista de Medicina
Authors: Bonatelli Antonio De Pádua Furquim
Published: April 2019

A clínica neurológica da Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM) teve início precoce, sendo encabeçada de início pelo Professor Catedrático Paulino W. Longo. Foi ele quem estimulou a implantação do Serviço de Neurocirurgia no Hospital São Paulo (HSP), hospital escola da EPM. O Neurocirurgião fundador deste serviço foi o Dr. Aloysio de mattos pimenta que inicou sua atividade médica no Hospital Franco da Rocha, onde muitos neurologistas da época trabalharam.
Tratamento cirúrgico dos aneurismas intracranianos múltiplos
Authors: Monducci D. , Januário C. A. C. , Spinelli Jr. W. , Caruso Jr. A. , Pinheiro Franco L. F.
Published: April 2019

Os autores apresentam os resultados do tratamento em 11 pacientes com aneurismas múltiplos. A conduta utilizada foi o tratamento cirúrgico de todos os aneurismas diagnosticados: em 8 pacientes, a cirurgia total foi possível em um estágio e, apenas 3 pacientes necessitaram de uma segunda cirurgia para a clipagem dos aneurismas não abordados na primeira cirurgia. Os autores sugerem a adoção de uma conduta cirúrgica mais radical no tratamento dos aneurismas múltiplos.
Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma with Cervical Lymphnode Metastasis
Authors: Antunes Ápio Cláudio Martins , Continho Lígia Maria Barbosa , Tarragô Ricardo Petinelli
Published: April 2019

A case of a patient operated on twice for a temporoparietal anaplastic oligondendroglioma, followed by radiotherapy, is reported. Although no intracranial recurrence has happenend, a biopsy-proven extracranial cervical lymplhnode metastasis was diagnosed 15 months laler. Surgical manipulation of the primary lesion by lymphatic and/or blood vessel invasion seem to be the main suspected factors in the development of CNS tumors methastasis in the head and neck region.
Academia brasileira de neurocirurgia - 1974-1995
Authors: Pinto Feliciano
Published: April 2019

Uma trajetória luminosa em prol da neurocirurgia brasileira
Síndrome da fissura orbitária superior pós-traumática
Authors: Pereira Carlos Umberto , De Carvalho Alex Franco , Pereira José Carlos , Pereira Francisco De Assis
Published: April 2019

Os autores apresentam um caso de uma paciente de 17 anos de idade, vítima de traumatismo crânio-facial, que evoluiu com os sintomas e sinais da síndrome da fissura orbitária superior. Tratada conservadoramente, obteve recuperação parcial dos movimentos oculares num período de três meses de seguimento ambulatórial.
Fístulas carótido-cavernosas diretas espontâneas associadas à síndrome de Ehlers-Danlos
Authors: Vale Benjamim Pessoa , Caldas José Guilherme Mendes Pereira , Jr Francisco Ramos , Jr. Paulo Puglia , Molnar Laszlo Joseph
Published: April 2019

Os autores apresentam dois casos de síndrome de Ehlers-Danlos tipo IV e portadores de fístulas carótido-cavernosas diretas, diagnosticadas clinicamente e pelo estudo angiográfico, cuja proposta inicial foi o tratamento endovascular, utilizando-se balões destacáveis. Os resultados e as complicações associadas aos procedimentos endovasculares nessa patologia são discutidos.
USA and China in Latin America: Contours of Competition
Authors: Yakovlev Petr Pavlovich
Published: April 2019

In the last decade Latin America in trade, economic and financial terms turns out to be increasingly “sandwiched” between the United States and China, which accounted for more than half of the total trade of Latin American countries, and also a crucial part of entering the region investment and credit resources. This circumstance has the strongest impact on the structure and orientation of foreign economic relations and foreign policy contacts. In the foreseeable future one of the complexities of foreign policy of the Latin American countries will be delaying action between the United States and China, are becoming involved in hybrid war for dominance in the global economy and trade. In Latin American capitals the USA-Chinese rivalry at the global level are watched with suspicion and fear. It is connected not only with the current situation, but with the dynamics of relations between Washington and Beijing, the intensification of contradictions at the global and regional levels. Latin Americans believe that initiation of trade wars and other kinds of American-Chinese confrontation could harm the development of the world economy and harm the crucial interests of the region, which is critically dependent on international goods and financial markets. The main challenge is the diversification of international relations of the Latin American States, the broadening of their economic and political partners. Only in this way can be weakened the hyper dependence of Latin America from Washington and Beijing, and reversed the negative effects of the ongoing protectionist policies and trade wars initiated by the administration of Donald Trump.
Implications of «One Belt, One Road» Strategy for China and Eurasia
Authors: Cheng Guo , Chen Lu , Degterev Denis Andreevich , Zhao Jielin
Published: April 2019

The «One Belt, One Road» (OBOR) initiative was proposed by Chinese President Xi Jinping during his visits to Kazakhstan and Indonesia, in 2013. The initiative «One Belt, One Road» could be fully treated as a comprehensive domestic and foreign policy concept. OBOR is designed to strengthen China as an attractive actor in the global market and advance its soft power. It is mostly aimed at increasing economic exchanges between China and the world. Historically the concept of the «Silk Road» was not only focused on the trade agenda. It also had rather significant cultural meaning. Obviously, the OBOR initiative could serve as a cultural bridge between China and the world and in this sense, emphases the dialogue between civilizations, not only markets and forces. With its long-term interests, China treats OBOR as a grand strategy. The initiative has been extensively discussed among academics and policy-makers both inside and outside China. The article shows also coordinating efforts of China and Russia in regional development as well as the internationalization of Central Asian region after 1991 and the role of China in this process. Contours of possible great powers rivalry as well as lack of mutual political trust between the Central Asian countries are described. This article intends to provide the analysis on the issue from the Chinese scholars’ perspective.
BRICS Summit in Johannesburg: More Instruments and Fewer Decisions
Authors: Ignatov Alexander Alexandrovich
Published: April 2019

This article presents an analysis of the outcomes of the tenth anniversary BRICS summit that took place in Johannesburg, South Africa, and the meetings of ministers of BRICS countries. The achievements of the ministerial meetings and the main summit were analyzed taking into account such parameters as the implementation of the priorities of the host country; ensuring continuity of the BRICS agenda; launching new initiatives and making decisions that are in line with the interests of the host country and BRICS partners. Beyond that, the article presents analysis of distribution of the functions of global governance (“Discussion”, “Decision making”, “Direction setting”, “Delivery”) and issues of the global governance by the number of symbols used in the texts of the Johannesburg declaration and the documents agreed during ministerial meetings. The author used the method of content analysis when reviewing the strategic documents of South Africa on issues of national development and the documents agreed during the ministerial meetings and the summit in Johannesburg, and the method of historical analysis when determining impact of South Africa on the BRICS agenda and success of the chairmanship. South Africa as the BRICS chair country preserved continuity over the key issues of the agenda (macroeconomic policy, cooperation in humanitarian sphere, etc.). Security issues were not fully developed, although they were put on the priority list by the chair country. Decisions made at the summit in Johannesburg and during the ministerial meetings result in creation of new working mechanisms (PartNIR, BRICS Vaccine Development and Research Center, etc.) that meet the current global challenges and match the interests of the parties. Nevertheless, the share of “Decision making” function decreased significantly against the background of the growing number of “Deliberation” function in the documents that were analyzed, which indicates a divergence of interests of the parties on a number of issues under discussion.
Jenis – jenis tumbuhan paku (Pteridofita) dari Hutan Universitas Riau, Provinsi Riaudan Pola Pita DNA berdasarkan Penanda DNA M13Primer
Authors: Sofiyanti Nery , Isda Mayta Novaliza
Published: April 2019

Kawasan hutan di Universitas Riau, Provinsi Riau merupakan salah satu daerah distribusi tumbuhan paku (Pteridofita). Kajian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis tumbuhan paku di Hutan Universitas Riau dan mengetahui pola pita DNA menggunakan penanda DNA universal M13. Sampel dikoleksi  dari lapangan menggunakan metode eksplorasi dan kemudian diidentifikasi. Isolasi DNA menggunakan DNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen), dan diamplifikasi berdasarkan metode PCR menggunakan DreamTaq Green PCR Master Mix (2X) (Thermo Scientific) denganpenanda DNA M13 (GAGGGTGGCGGTTCT),. Hasil inventarisasi menunjukan 26 jenis paku dari 8 famili telah diidentifikasi pada kajian ini. Hasilelektroforesis PCR menunjukanbahwa pola pita DNA yang dihasilkan bervariasi dengan ukuran berkisar antara 200 bp sampai 2000 bp. Pola pita DNA menggunakan penanda universal M13 dapat dijadikan data pendukung dalam taksonomi tumbuhan paku.
Kekayaan Jenis Bulu Babi (Sea Urchin) di Kawasan Perairan Pantai Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta
Authors: Prasetyo Erik , Amalia Zaida Amalia , Wulan Intan Nawang , Wulandari Retno , Santiati Eny , Prakoso Christopher Nicholas Yoshuaki
Published: April 2019

Pantai Gunung Kidul memiliki beberapa biota laut salah satunya bulu babi (Echinodermata). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi jenis bulu babi di kawasan perairan pantai Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta. Penelitian bulu babi di kawasan perairan pantai Gunung Kidul dilakukan pada bulan April sampai dengan Mei 2018 di 3 (tiga) lokasi yaitu Pantai Drini, Pantai Ngrenehan, dan Pantai Widodaren. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode transek kuadrat ukuran 1m x 1m. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh 7 (tujuh) jenis bulu babi yang tergolong dalam 4 (empat) famili dan 3 (tiga) ordo. Jumlah jenis bulu babi yang paling banyak ditemukan di Pantai Widodaren, dengan total 6 (enam) jenis, yaitu Echinometra sp., Echinometra mathaei, Heterocentrotus sp., Tripneustes ventricosus, Colobocentrotus atratus dan Arbacia lixula. Sedangkan di Pantai Drini dan Ngrenehan ditemukan masing-masing 4 (empat) jenis yaitu Echinometra sp. Echinometra mathaei, Heterocentrotus sp.,dan Stomopneustes variolaris.
Fredholm generalized composition operators on weighted hardy spaces
Authors: Sharma Sunil , Gandhi Rohit , Komal B.S.
Published: April 2019

The main purpose of this paper is to study Fredholm generalized composition
operators on weighted Hardy spaces.
Unique common fixed points for mixed contractive mappings on non-normal cone metric spaces over Banach algebras
Authors: Piao Yongjie , Xu Shaoyuan
Published: April 2019

In this paper, we discuss and obtain some new unique common fixed point
theorems for two mappings satisfying Kannan type mixed contractive
conditions and Chatterjea type mixed contractive conditions respectively on
cone metric spaces over Banach algebras without the assumption of normality
and give some generalizations of Kannan type and Chatterjea type fixed point
theorems.
Some results on best proximity points of cyclic Meir-Keeler contraction mappings
Authors: Fakhar M. , Mirdamadi F. , Soltani Z.
Published: April 2019

In this paper, we study the existence and uniqueness of best proximity points
for cyclic Meir-Keeler contraction mappings in metric spaces with the
property W-WUC. Also, the existence of best proximity points for set-valued
cyclic Meir-Keeler contraction mappings in metric spaces with the property
WUC are obtained
Generalized Hyers-Ulam stability for general additive functional equations on non-Archimedean random lie C*-algebras
Authors: Wang Zhihua , Sahoo Prasanna
Published: April 2019

In this paper, using the fixed point method, we prove some results related to the generalized Hyers-Ulam stability of homomorphisms and derivations in non-Archimedean random C*-algebras and non-Archimedean random Lie C*-algebras for the generalized additive functional equation ?1 ? i < j ?n f(xi+xj/2 + ?n-2 l=1,kl?i,j xkl) = (n-1)2/2 ?n,i=1 f(xi) where n ? N is a fixed integer with n ? 3.
On generalization of trapezoid type inequalities for s-convex functions with generalized fractional integral operators
Authors: Usta Fuat , Budak Hüseyin , Sarikaya Mehmet , Set Erhan
Published: April 2019

By using contemporary theory of inequalities, this study is devoted to
propose a number of refinements inequalities for the Hermite-Hadamard?s
type inequality and conclude explicit bounds for the trapezoid inequalities
in terms of s-convex mappings, at most second derivative through the
instrument of generalized fractional integral operator and a considerable
amount of results for special means. The results of this study which are the
generalization of those given in earlier works are obtained for functions f
where |f'| and |f''| (or |f'|q and |f''|q for q ? 1) are s-convex
hold by applying the H?lder inequality and the power mean inequality.
On preconditioned normal and skew-Hermitian splitting iteration method for continuous Sylvester equations AX + XB = C*
Authors: Liang Xue-Qing , Wang Xiang , Tang Xiao-Bin , Xiao Xiao-Yong
Published: April 2019

In this paper, we present a preconditioned normal and skew-Hermitian
splitting (PNSS) iteration method for continuous Sylvester equations AX + XB
= C with positive definite/semi-definite matrices. Theoretical analysis
shows that the PNSS methods will converge unconditionally to the exact
solution of the continuous Sylvester equations. An inexact variant of the
PNSS iteration method(IPNSS) and the analysis of its convergence property in
detail have been established. Numerical experiments further show that this
new method is more efficient and robust than the existing ones.
On properties of the operator equation TT*=T+T*
Authors: An Il , Ko Eungil
Published: April 2019

In this paper, we study properties of the operator equation TT*=T+T* which
T.T. West observed in [12]. We first investigate the structure of solutions T
2 B(H) of such equation. Moreover, we prove that if T is a polynomial root
of solutions of that operator equation, then the spectral mapping theorem
holds for Weyl and essential approximate point spectra of T and f(T)
satisfies a-Weyl?s theorem for f?H(?(T)), where H(?(T)) is the space of
functions analytic in an open neighborhood of ?(T).
Toward a Laplacian spectral determination of signed ∞-graphs
Authors: Iranmanesh Mohammad , Saheli Mahboubeh
Published: April 2019

A signed graph consists of a (simple) graph G=(V,E) together with a
function ? : E ? {+,-} called signature. Matrices can be associated to
signed graphs and the question whether a signed graph is determined by the
set of its eigenvalues has gathered the attention of several researchers. In
this paper we study the spectral determination with respect to the Laplacian
spectrum of signed ?-graphs. After computing some spectral invariants and
obtain some constraints on the cospectral mates, we obtain some non
isomorphic signed graphs cospectral to signed ?-graphs and we study the
spectral characterization of the signed ?-graphs containing a triangle.
A certain class of q-close-to-convex functions of order α
Authors: Wongsaijai Ben , Sukantamala Nattakorn
Published: April 2019

For every 0 < q < 1 and 0 ? ? < 1, we introduce a class of analytic functions
f on the open unit disc D with the standard normalization f(0)= 0 = f'(0)-1 and
satisfying |1/1-?(z(Dqf)(z)/h(z)-?)- 1/1-q,(z?D), where h?S*q. This class is denoted by Kq(?),
so called the class of q-close-to-convex-functions of order ?. In this
paper, we study some geometric properties of this class. In addition, we
consider the famous Bieberbach conjecture problem on coefficients for the
class Kq(?). We also find some sufficient conditions for the function to be in
Kq(?) for some particular choices of the functions h. Finally, we provide
some applications on q-analogue of Gaussian hypergeometric function.
Note on the uniqueness holomorphic function on the unit disk
Authors: Akyel Tuğba , Azeroğlu Tahir
Published: April 2019

Let f be an holomorphic function the unit disk to itself. We provide
conditions on the local behavior of f along boundary near a finite set of
the boundary points that requires f to be a finite Blaschke product.