bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sex Composition (male) by Marital Status, 2006 - Widowed (by census subdivision)
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

In general, in most regions of Canada there are more females than males and this trend is particularly evident in areas with higher proportions of the population who are elderly. The preponderance of females in the older age groups is due to their higher life
expectancy compared to males. In 2006, Saskatchewan had the highest proportion (17.1%) of the female population that was 65 years and over, while Alberta (11.9%), and the three territories (7.2% for Yukon, 4.9% for the Northwest Territories, and 2.6% for Nunavut) had the lowest
proportions. The map shows by census subdivision the marital status of the population 15 years of age and over by gender.
Sex Composition (male) by Marital Status, 2006 - Widowed (by census division)
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

In 2006, 49.4% of males and 46.5% of females aged 15 years and over were legally married (and not separated), while 2.7% of the males and 3.2% of the females were separated, but still legally married. The male and female proportions for divorced
people were 7.2% and 8.8% respectively. The gender gaps in the widowed and never married categories were larger: 2.5% of males and 9.7% of females were widowed while 38.2% of males, but only 31.8% of females were never legally married. In the case of the never married
population 15 years of age and over, the highest proportions occurred in Quebec (46.8% of men and 40.0% of women), and the three territories (Yukon: 46.6% of men and 40.7% of women; Northwest Territories: 54.4% of men and 49.4% of women; and Nunavut: 63.4% of men and
59.2% of women). On the other hand, the sexual divergence of rates between males and females never legally married was highest in Alberta (37.7% of males versus 30.4% for females or a 7.3% difference) and Saskatchewan (36.6% of males versus 29.3% for females or a 7.3%
spread). For the widowed population, this disparity was most pronounced for Saskatchewan (2.7% widowers versus 11.6% widows or an almost 9% difference). The map shows by census division the marital status of the population 15 years of age and over by gender.
Sex Composition (male) by Marital Status, 2006 - Separated (by census division)
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

In 2006, 49.4% of males and 46.5% of females aged 15 years and over were legally married (and not separated), while 2.7% of the males and 3.2% of the females were separated, but still legally married. The male and female proportions for divorced
people were 7.2% and 8.8% respectively. The gender gaps in the widowed and never married categories were larger: 2.5% of males and 9.7% of females were widowed while 38.2% of males, but only 31.8% of females were never legally married. In the case of the never married
population 15 years of age and over, the highest proportions occurred in Quebec (46.8% of men and 40.0% of women), and the three territories (Yukon: 46.6% of men and 40.7% of women; Northwest Territories: 54.4% of men and 49.4% of women; and Nunavut: 63.4% of men and
59.2% of women). On the other hand, the sexual divergence of rates between males and females never legally married was highest in Alberta (37.7% of males versus 30.4% for females or a 7.3% difference) and Saskatchewan (36.6% of males versus 29.3% for females or a 7.3%
spread). For the widowed population, this disparity was most pronounced for Saskatchewan (2.7% widowers versus 11.6% widows or an almost 9% difference). The map shows by census division the marital status of the population 15 years of age and over by gender.
Sex Composition (male) by Marital Status, 2006 - Single (by census subdivision)
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

In general, in most regions of Canada there are more females than males and this trend is particularly evident in areas with higher proportions of the population who are elderly. The preponderance of females in the older age groups is due to their higher life
expectancy compared to males. In 2006, Saskatchewan had the highest proportion (17.1%) of the female population that was 65 years and over, while Alberta (11.9%), and the three territories (7.2% for Yukon, 4.9% for the Northwest Territories, and 2.6% for Nunavut) had the lowest
proportions. The map shows by census subdivision the marital status of the population 15 years of age and over by gender.
Sex Composition (male) by Marital Status, 2006 - Single (by census division)
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

In 2006, 49.4% of males and 46.5% of females aged 15 years and over were legally married (and not separated), while 2.7% of the males and 3.2% of the females were separated, but still legally married. The male and female proportions for divorced
people were 7.2% and 8.8% respectively. The gender gaps in the widowed and never married categories were larger: 2.5% of males and 9.7% of females were widowed while 38.2% of males, but only 31.8% of females were never legally married. In the case of the never married
population 15 years of age and over, the highest proportions occurred in Quebec (46.8% of men and 40.0% of women), and the three territories (Yukon: 46.6% of men and 40.7% of women; Northwest Territories: 54.4% of men and 49.4% of women; and Nunavut: 63.4% of men and
59.2% of women). On the other hand, the sexual divergence of rates between males and females never legally married was highest in Alberta (37.7% of males versus 30.4% for females or a 7.3% difference) and Saskatchewan (36.6% of males versus 29.3% for females or a 7.3%
spread). For the widowed population, this disparity was most pronounced for Saskatchewan (2.7% widowers versus 11.6% widows or an almost 9% difference). The map shows by census division the marital status of the population 15 years of age and over by gender.
Sex Composition (male) by Marital Status, 2006 - Married (by census subdivision)
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

In general, in most regions of Canada there are more females than males and this trend is particularly evident in areas with higher proportions of the population who are elderly. The preponderance of females in the older age groups is due to their higher life
expectancy compared to males. In 2006, Saskatchewan had the highest proportion (17.1%) of the female population that was 65 years and over, while Alberta (11.9%), and the three territories (7.2% for Yukon, 4.9% for the Northwest Territories, and 2.6% for Nunavut) had the lowest
proportions. The map shows by census subdivision the marital status of the population 15 years of age and over by gender.
Sex Composition (male) by Marital Status, 2006 - Divorced (by census subdivision)
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

In general, in most regions of Canada there are more females than males and this trend is particularly evident in areas with higher proportions of the population who are elderly. The preponderance of females in the older age groups is due to their higher life
expectancy compared to males. In 2006, Saskatchewan had the highest proportion (17.1%) of the female population that was 65 years and over, while Alberta (11.9%), and the three territories (7.2% for Yukon, 4.9% for the Northwest Territories, and 2.6% for Nunavut) had the lowest
proportions. The map shows by census subdivision the marital status of the population 15 years of age and over by gender.
Sex Composition (female) by Marital Status, 2006 - Widowed (by census subdivision)
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

In general, in most regions of Canada there are more females than males and this trend is particularly evident in areas with higher proportions of the population who are elderly. The preponderance of females in the older age groups is due to their higher life
expectancy compared to males. In 2006, Saskatchewan had the highest proportion (17.1%) of the female population that was 65 years and over, while Alberta (11.9%), and the three territories (7.2% for Yukon, 4.9% for the Northwest Territories, and 2.6% for Nunavut) had the lowest
proportions. The map shows by census subdivision the marital status of the population 15 years of age and over by gender.
Sex Composition (female) by Marital Status, 2006 - Separated (by census subdivision)
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

In general, in most regions of Canada there are more females than males and this trend is particularly evident in areas with higher proportions of the population who are elderly. The preponderance of females in the older age groups is due to their higher life
expectancy compared to males. In 2006, Saskatchewan had the highest proportion (17.1%) of the female population that was 65 years and over, while Alberta (11.9%), and the three territories (7.2% for Yukon, 4.9% for the Northwest Territories, and 2.6% for Nunavut) had the lowest
proportions. The map shows by census subdivision the marital status of the population 15 years of age and over by gender.
Sex Composition (female) by Marital Status, 2006 - Married (by census subdivision)
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

In general, in most regions of Canada there are more females than males and this trend is particularly evident in areas with higher proportions of the population who are elderly. The preponderance of females in the older age groups is due to their higher life
expectancy compared to males. In 2006, Saskatchewan had the highest proportion (17.1%) of the female population that was 65 years and over, while Alberta (11.9%), and the three territories (7.2% for Yukon, 4.9% for the Northwest Territories, and 2.6% for Nunavut) had the lowest
proportions. The map shows by census subdivision the marital status of the population 15 years of age and over by gender.
Sex Composition (female) by Marital Status, 2006 - Married (by census division)
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

In 2006, 49.4% of males and 46.5% of females aged 15 years and over were legally married (and not separated), while 2.7% of the males and 3.2% of the females were separated, but still legally married. The male and female proportions for divorced
people were 7.2% and 8.8% respectively. The gender gaps in the widowed and never married categories were larger: 2.5% of males and 9.7% of females were widowed while 38.2% of males, but only 31.8% of females were never legally married. In the case of the never married
population 15 years of age and over, the highest proportions occurred in Quebec (46.8% of men and 40.0% of women), and the three territories (Yukon: 46.6% of men and 40.7% of women; Northwest Territories: 54.4% of men and 49.4% of women; and Nunavut: 63.4% of men and
59.2% of women). On the other hand, the sexual divergence of rates between males and females never legally married was highest in Alberta (37.7% of males versus 30.4% for females or a 7.3% difference) and Saskatchewan (36.6% of males versus 29.3% for females or a 7.3%
spread). For the widowed population, this disparity was most pronounced for Saskatchewan (2.7% widowers versus 11.6% widows or an almost 9% difference). The map shows by census division the marital status of the population 15 years of age and over by gender.
Visible Minority Population, 2001 - Arab Population by Census Division
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

Canada was home to almost 4 million individuals who identified themselves as visible minorities in 2001, accounting for 13.4% of the total population. The proportion of the visible minority population has increased steadily over the past 20 years. In 1981,
1.1 million visible minorities accounted for 4.7% of the total population; by 1996, 3.2 million accounted for 11.2%.
Visible Minority Population, 2001 - Arab Population by Census Subdivision
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

Canada was home to almost 4 million individuals who identified themselves as visible minorities in 2001, accounting for 13.4% of the total population. The proportion of the visible minority population has increased steadily over the past 20 years. In 1981,
1.1 million visible minorities accounted for 4.7% of the total population; by 1996, 3.2 million accounted for 11.2%.
Visible Minority Population, 2001 - Black Population by Census Subdivision
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

Canada was home to almost 4 million individuals who identified themselves as visible minorities in 2001, accounting for 13.4% of the total population. The proportion of the visible minority population has increased steadily over the past 20 years. In 1981,
1.1 million visible minorities accounted for 4.7% of the total population; by 1996, 3.2 million accounted for 11.2%.
Visible Minority Population, 2001 - Filipino Population by Census Division
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

Canada was home to almost 4 million individuals who identified themselves as visible minorities in 2001, accounting for 13.4% of the total population. The proportion of the visible minority population has increased steadily over the past 20 years. In 1981,
1.1 million visible minorities accounted for 4.7% of the total population; by 1996, 3.2 million accounted for 11.2%.
Visible Minority Population, 2001 - South East Asian Population by Census Subdivision
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

Canada was home to almost 4 million individuals who identified themselves as visible minorities in 2001, accounting for 13.4% of the total population. The proportion of the visible minority population has increased steadily over the past 20 years. In 1981,
1.1 million visible minorities accounted for 4.7% of the total population; by 1996, 3.2 million accounted for 11.2%.
Visible Minority Population by Census Division, 2001
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

Canada was home to almost 4 million individuals who identified themselves as visible minorities in 2001, accounting for 13.4% of the total population. The proportion of the visible minority population has increased steadily over the past 20 years. In 1981,
1.1 million visible minorities accounted for 4.7% of the total population; by 1996, 3.2 million accounted for 11.2%.
Visible Minority Population by Census Subdivision, 2001
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

Canada was home to almost 4 million individuals who identified themselves as visible minorities in 2001, accounting for 13.4% of the total population. The proportion of the visible minority population has increased steadily over the past 20 years. In 1981,
1.1 million visible minorities accounted for 4.7% of the total population; by 1996, 3.2 million accounted for 11.2%.
Visible Minority Population, 2006 - Black Population by Census Division
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

The 2006 Census estimated 5.1 million individuals who belonged to a visible minority. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour. The visible minority
population has grown steadily over the last 25 years. In 1981, when data for the four Employment Equity designated groups were first derived, the estimated 1.1 million visible minorities represented 4.7% of Canada's total population. In 1991, 2.5 million people were members of the visible
minority population, 9.4% of the total population. The visible minority population further increased to 3.2 million in 1996, or 11.2% of the total population. By 2001, their numbers had reached an estimated 3.9 million or 13.4% of the total population. In 2006, the visible minorities
accounted for 16.2% of Canadas total population. This map shows the percentage of visible minorities (Black population) by census divisions.
Visible Minority Population, 2006 - Latin American Population by Census Division
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

The 2006 Census estimated 5.1 million individuals who belonged to a visible minority. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour. The visible minority
population has grown steadily over the last 25 years. In 1981, when data for the four Employment Equity designated groups were first derived, the estimated 1.1 million visible minorities represented 4.7% of Canada's total population. In 1991, 2.5 million people were members of the visible
minority population, 9.4% of the total population. The visible minority population further increased to 3.2 million in 1996, or 11.2% of the total population. By 2001, their numbers had reached an estimated 3.9 million or 13.4% of the total population. In 2006, the visible minorities
accounted for 16.2% of Canadas total population. This map shows the percentage of visible minorities (Latin American population) by census divisions.
Visible Minority Population by Census Subdivision, 2006
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

The 2006 Census estimated 5.1 million individuals who belonged to a visible minority. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour. The visible minority
population has grown steadily over the last 25 years. In 1981, when data for the four Employment Equity designated groups were first derived, the estimated 1.1 million visible minorities represented 4.7% of Canada's total population. In 1991, 2.5 million people were members of the visible
minority population, 9.4% of the total population. The visible minority population further increased to 3.2 million in 1996, or 11.2% of the total population. By 2001, their numbers had reached an estimated 3.9 million or 13.4% of the total population. In 2006, the visible minorities
accounted for 16.2% of Canadas total population. This map shows the percentage of visible minorities by census subdivisions.
Metropolitan Influenced Zones (MIZ)
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

The metropolitan influence zone classification, developed by researchers at Statistics Canada, classifies communities (census subdivisions) that lie outside census metropolitan areas (CMAs) and census agglomerations (CAs) according to the degree of influence that
CMA/CAs have on them. The classification was used in this mapping project on quality of life to compare similar communities (or census subdivisions), in order to recognize inherent differences in the social and economic characteristics of different communities and differences in their geographic
locations, which may have important influences on quality of life.
Overall Quality of Life
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

Overall quality of life is a composite assessment of the quality of the social, economic and physical environments. Eleven domains (or aspects of life) have been used to assess the external conditions of overall quality of life. The eleven domains were
categorized into the three environments of overall quality of life. The quality of each domain was assessed by several indicators, which were then combined to create a quality of life index. Domains are defined as the important aspects of life important to overall quality of life. This map shows the
overall quality of life, representing the combined attributes of the physical, social and economic environments.
Quality of Life - Accessibility to Services
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

Access to services affects well-being, social participation, education, health and employment. Accessibility is important to quality of life, as it creates the potential to take advantage of opportunities for upward social mobility, and to access health services,
goods and services within the community.
Quality of Life - Employment/Paid Work
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

Income from employment allows for the purchase of goods and services. Employment status may also affect esteem and well-being. A high unemployment rate inversely impacts quality of life, since it may influence personal self-esteem, dignity and security; as well,
have an impact on the purchasing of more basic needs. The greater the proportion of people working part year, part time relative to those working full-year, full time inversely influences quality of life, since it may indicate the lack of full-time employment opportunities. High average employment
income directly influences quality of life, since it can indicate the ability of individuals to purchase a wider range of goods and services.
Quality of Life - Housing
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

Housing is one of the basic needs for well-being. Poor quality of housing may have adverse effects on health and well-being. Housing is one of the basic needs of all individuals, and the standard of housing impacts on physical health and well-being. Housing
requiring major repairs inversely affects housing quality, while a high number of people per room inversely affects liveability. The third indicator measures affordability: a higher percentage of household income spent on rent or a mortgage impacts inversely on
affordability.
Quality of Life - Participation in Democratic Processes
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

Voter participation in democratic processes invokes a sense of contribution and belonging. Participation in democratic processes directly impacts on quality of life, since it indicates strong involvement in the democratic process (or sense of social belonging),
as opposed to a low participation rate, which may be a sign of alienation from the democratic process.
Quality of Life in Canada A Citizens Report Card
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

This map shows a selection of key indicators from the Canadian Policy Research Networks Citizens Report Card. The Report Card is the outcome of the Quality of Life Indicators Project, which brought together 350 Canadians in 40 different dialogue groups in 21
towns and cities across Canada to produce a prototype set of quality of life indicators.
Quality of Life - Economic Environment Index
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

The economic environment represents the external conditions under which people are engaged in, and benefit from, economic activity. It includes aspects of paid employment, economic status and finances. Seven indicators have been used to assess aspects of the
quality of household finances and paid work. Only communities (census subdivisions) with data for all indicators have been mapped. This map shows the quality of the economic environment: the environment in which people engage in, and benefit from, economic activity that includes aspects of paid
employment and household finances.
Quality of Life Economic Environment Indicator - Percentage Incidence of Low Income Families
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

The economic environment represents the external conditions under which people are engaged in, and benefit from, economic activity. The indicators of the economic environment measure the ability of households to access goods and services important to quality of
life.
Quality of Life Economic Environment Indicator - Percentage of Income from Government Transfer Payments
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

The economic environment represents the external conditions under which people are engaged in, and benefit from, economic activity. The indicators of the economic environment measure the ability of households to access goods and services important to quality of
life.
Quality of Life Physical Environment Indicator - Incidence of Property Crime
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

The physical environment represents the external conditions under which we live. This map shows the quality of the physical environment: the environment in which people live. It includes aspects of access to services, security and safety, and environmental
conditions pertaining to air quality and housing. Eight indicators have been used to assess aspects of the quality of the physical environment.
Quality of Life Physical Environment Indicator - Incidence of Personal Crime
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

The physical environment represents the external conditions under which we live. This map shows the quality of the physical environment: the environment in which people live. It includes aspects of access to services, security and safety, and environmental
conditions pertaining to air quality and housing. Eight indicators have been used to assess aspects of the quality of the physical environment.
Quality of Life Physical Environment Indicator - Percentage of Household Incomes with Owner's Major Payments (or gross rent) for Shelter being greater than or equal to 30 per cent of Household Income
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

The physical environment represents the external conditions under which we live. This map shows the quality of the physical environment: the environment in which people live. It includes aspects of access to services, security and safety, and environmental
conditions pertaining to air quality and housing. Eight indicators have been used to assess aspects of the quality of the physical environment.
Quality of Life Physical Environment Indicator - Density of Dwellings Requiring Major Repairs
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

The physical environment represents the external conditions under which we live. This map shows the quality of the physical environment: the environment in which people live. It includes aspects of access to services, security and safety, and environmental
conditions pertaining to air quality and housing. Eight indicators have been used to assess aspects of the quality of the physical environment.
Quality of Life Physical Environment Indicator - Percentage of Population Living in Housing Requiring Major Repairs
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

The physical environment represents the external conditions under which we live. This map shows the quality of the physical environment: the environment in which people live. It includes aspects of access to services, security and safety, and environmental
conditions pertaining to air quality and housing. Eight indicators have been used to assess aspects of the quality of the physical environment.
Quality of Life - Social Environment Index
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

The social environment represents the external conditions under which people engage in social activity within their community. It includes aspects of social opportunity, leisure and recreation, education, access to health services, health status and participation
in democratic processes. This map shows the quality of the social environment: the environment in which people engage in social activities, within their community, that contribute to quality of life.
Quality of Life Social Environment Indicator - Ratio of Percentage of Population with Trade/College or University Education to Percentage of Population Less than Grade 9 Education
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

The social environment represents the external conditions under which people engage in social activity within their community. It includes aspects of social opportunity, leisure and recreation, education, access to health services, health status and participation
in democratic processes. Fourteen indicators have been used to assess aspects of quality of the social environment.
Quality of Life Social Environment Indicator - Population Living at the Different Address they Lived at 5 Years Earlier
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

The social environment represents the external conditions under which people engage in social activity within their community. It includes aspects of social opportunity, leisure and recreation, education, access to health services, health status and participation
in democratic processes. Fourteen indicators have been used to assess aspects of quality of the social environment.
Quality of Life Social Environment Indicator - Percentage of the Population that Participated in the 1997 Elections
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

The social environment represents the external conditions under which people engage in social activity within their community. It includes aspects of social opportunity, leisure and recreation, education, access to health services, health status and participation
in democratic processes. Fourteen indicators have been used to assess aspects of quality of the social environment.
Quality of Life Social Environment Indicator - Percentage of Population Living at the Same Address they Lived at 5 Years Earlier
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

The social environment represents the external conditions under which people engage in social activity within their community. It includes aspects of social opportunity, leisure and recreation, education, access to health services, health status and participation
in democratic processes. Fourteen indicators have been used to assess aspects of quality of the social environment.
Quality of Life Social Environment Indicator - Number of Physician Specialists per Thousand People
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

The social environment represents the external conditions under which people engage in social activity within their community. It includes aspects of social opportunity, leisure and recreation, education, access to health services, health status and participation
in democratic processes. Fourteen indicators have been used to assess aspects of quality of the social environment.
Quality of Life Social Environment Indicator - Number of Libraries per Thousand People
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

The social environment represents the external conditions under which people engage in social activity within their community. It includes aspects of social opportunity, leisure and recreation, education, access to health services, health status and participation
in democratic processes. Fourteen indicators have been used to assess aspects of quality of the social environment.
Quality of Life Social Environment Indicator - Number of Leisure-related Commercial Activities per Thousand People
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

The social environment represents the external conditions under which people engage in social activity within their community. It includes aspects of social opportunity, leisure and recreation, education, access to health services, health status and participation
in democratic processes. Fourteen indicators have been used to assess aspects of quality of the social environment.
Quality of Life Social Environment Indicator - Incidence of Breast Cancer per Thousand People
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

The social environment represents the external conditions under which people engage in social activity within their community. It includes aspects of social opportunity, leisure and recreation, education, access to health services, health status and participation
in democratic processes. Fourteen indicators have been used to assess aspects of quality of the social environment.
Religious Affiliation, 2001: Roman Catholic by Census Subdivision
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

Between 1991 and 2001, the number of Roman Catholics in Canada increased slightly, while the number adhering to Protestant denominations continued a long-term decline. The census enumerated just under 12.8 million Roman Catholics, up 4.8%, while the number of
Protestants fell 8.2% to about 8.7 million. The largest gains in religious affiliations occurred among faiths consistent with changing immigration patterns toward more immigrants from regions outside of Europe, in particular Asia and the Middle East.
Religious Affiliation, 2001: Protestant by Census Division
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

Between 1991 and 2001, the number of Roman Catholics in Canada increased slightly, while the number adhering to Protestant denominations continued a long-term decline. The census enumerated just under 12.8 million Roman Catholics, up 4.8%, while the number of
Protestants fell 8.2% to about 8.7 million. The largest gains in religious affiliations occurred among faiths consistent with changing immigration patterns toward more immigrants from regions outside of Europe, in particular Asia and the Middle East.
Religious Affiliation, 2001: No Religion by Census Division
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

Between 1991 and 2001, the number of Roman Catholics in Canada increased slightly, while the number adhering to Protestant denominations continued a long-term decline. The census enumerated just under 12.8 million Roman Catholics, up 4.8%, while the number of
Protestants fell 8.2% to about 8.7 million. The largest gains in religious affiliations occurred among faiths consistent with changing immigration patterns toward more immigrants from regions outside of Europe, in particular Asia and the Middle East.
Geography of the Vancouver 2010 Winter Games Region
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

The map shows the geography of the Vancouver Winter Games region in British Columbia.
Physical activity of youth (aged 12-19 years) who are sufficiently active
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

The map shows by health region in 2005 the proportion of youth who are sufficiently active.
Winter Olympic Medallists
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

The map shows the distribution by birthplace (where known) of medallists from the Winter Olympics.
Winter Sports Participation: Downhill Skiing and Snowboarding Participation Rates
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

The map shows the participation of Canadians (population aged 12 years and over) in downhill skiing (including snowboarding) by health region.
Winter Sports Participation: Ice Skating Participation Rates
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

The map shows the participation of Canadians (population aged 12 years and over) in ice skating by health region.
Natural Tourist Attractions - Migratory Bird Sanctuaries
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

Migratory Bird Sanctuaries are areas set aside by the Canadian Wildlife Service (CWS) of Environment Canada to protect migratory birds. The sanctuaries include a range of habitat types, such as terrestrial, wetland and marine.
Natural Tourist Attractions - National Wildlife Areas
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

National Wildlife Areas consist of land or water areas set aside to protect essential wildlife habitats. The Canadian Wildlife Service of Environment Canada establishes and manages these areas to conserve essential wildlife habitats.
Aboriginal Population, 2001
Authors:   Atlas of Canada
Published: December 2018

In the 2001 census, people who identified themselves as Aboriginal accounted for 3.3% of the nation's total population, compared with 2.8% five years earlier. This represents a total of 976 305 persons whom identified themselves with one of these groups -
North American Indian, Métis or Inuit. This count was 22.2% higher than the 1996 figure of 799 010. In contrast, the non-Aboriginal population grew only 3.4% between 1996 and 2001.
A prospective study of evaluation of operative duration as a predictor of mortality in pediatric emergency surgery
Authors: Kaushal-Deep SM , Ahmad R , Lodhi M , Chana RS
Published: December 2018

Introduction:

Operative duration is an important but under-studied predictor of mortality in emergency laparotomies.

Aims and Objectives:

The primary objective of this study was to quantify the effect of duration of emergency laparotomy in children on mortality; and to identify a rough cut-off duration of laparotomy to serve as a guide so that a laparotomy can be planned to optimize pediatric surgical patient outcome.

Materials and Methods:

This is a prospective study conducted in a government tertiary teaching institution over a period of 24 months. All children in the age group of 5–10 years presenting in the emergency department with Pediatric Risk of Mortality III score ≤8, undergoing emergency laparotomy in emergency operation theater, were included.

Observations and Results:

In all, 213 children were included in the study. The mean time from presentation to shifting to the operating room was 3.7 h. The mean operative duration was 108 min. The mean operative time in survived patients was 102 min as compared to 135 min in expired patients (P < 0.05). The 30-day in-hospital mortality rate was 17.4%. After application of binary logistic regression analysis, it was found that time to laparotomy and operative duration were significant risk factors (<0.05) predicting post-operative mortality. Kaplan–Meier survival curve showed a decrease at a mean weighted operative duration of approximately 100 min. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis yielded operative duration of 123.5 min at which Youden's index maximized.

Conclusion:

This 100-min duration of laparotomy might appear a long duration but in casualty setup of a government hospital with limited resources, there are so many hurdles for optimal working that completion of an emergency laparotomy in children in 100 min can be considered a realistic target for improving post-operative outcome. At an operative duration of <123.50 min, mortality rates within acceptable limits can be achieved.
Teacher’s Characteristics and Performance in Education Service Delivery: Case of the Technical Efficiency of Primary Schools in Tanzania
Authors: Njifen Issofou
Published: December 2018

One of the basic questions on the educational system performance is how to improve school outcomes using a minimum of resources. Education production function theory highlights a relationship between education system performance and its main determinants. The purpose of this paper is to assess the influence of teacher characteristics on the technical efficiency of primary schools in Tanzania. To achieve this, micro data from the Service Delivery Indicator survey, collected in primary education system, are analyzed using two complementary methodological approaches: a non-parametric technique called Data Envelopment Analysis to estimate efficiency scores of primary school in a first-stage; then Tobit regression to identify the determinants of technical efficiency in a second-stage. The study findings show that there is a significant relationship between teachers’ characteristics and efficiency of primary school. These results permitted to formulate some recommendations to policy makers in terms of education planning in Tanzania.
The Impact of a Training Program for Families of Students with Learning Disabilities in Activating Familial Participation and Reducing Learning Disabilities Aspects and Developing the Academic Achievement of Their Children
Authors: Bairat Mohammad Ahmad , Al-Khateeb Akef Abdullah
Published: December 2018

The study aimed at building a training program for the families of students with learning disabilities to activate the familial participation and reduce learning disabilities aspects and develop the academic achievement of such students. The study’s sample composed of (46) families and (46) male and female students from these families. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researchers prepared a list to assist the familial participation applied on the families before and after the training period; they used the scale of (Sartawi,1995) to reveal the learning disabilities of their children applied before and after the training period, as well as the scale of academic achievement (educational packages,2010), moreover; they built the suggested program to activate the familial participation. The study concluded that there were statistically significant differences between the pre-measurement and post-measurement in favor of the post-measurement regarding the students’ performance in relation to the learning disabilities aspects. It also showed that there were statistically significant differences between the pre-measurement and post-measurement in favor of the post-measurement regarding the students’ performance in relation to the academic performance scale (educational packages,2010), furthermore; there were statistically significant positive correlation between the familial participation and learning disabilities aspects, and between the familial participation and the academic achievement.
The Factors Enhancing Work Passion of Family Successors in the Life Insurance Business in Thailand: An Appreciative Inquiry Approach
Authors: Boonsathorn Wasita , Sirakiatsakul Pariwat
Published: December 2018

The purpose of this study was 1) to understand the successors’ attitude toward working in the insurance business with family members, and 2) to explore the factors that enhance work passion of successors in working collaboratively with their family members in the life insurance business. This study employed qualitative methodology with the use of the appreciative inquiry (4D-Dialogue) approach. Using triangulation of data sources, 36 key informants were recruited, 18 were successors that work with their parents, and 18 were parents of these successors. All of the participants worked together in one life insurance company in Thailand. Data were collected using focus group semi-structured interviews. Content analysis with analytic induction was used as the analytical tool. Trustworthiness was built through data triangulation, member checking, and peer debriefing. The results indicated that, for the first objective, the successors’ attitude toward working in the insurance business with their family consisted of four attitudes: 1.1) against; 1.2) unwilling; 1.3) willing, but lost; and 1.4) willing and successful. Regarding the second objective, five factors were found: 2.1) Goals: support of personal goals, help with self-development, enhancing the family happiness, and showing gratitude for family kindness; 2.2) Content: work aligned with expertise or educational background, and work being meaningful; 2.3) Coaching: appropriate coaching strategy, systematic professional coaching strategy, fairness, sharing pride in success; 2.4) Family: encouragement without pressure and caring; and 2.5) Organization: organization’s image, favorable work environment, and experience of positive outcomes from the life insurance business. Then, for the Design phrase, the action plan “FAMILY,” which comprised of F-Finale with Family; A-Attitude and Ability through Activities; M-Motivating Appropriately; I-Ideal People/Team; L-Leading through Vision/Leading through Coaching; and Y-Yes Club of the future, was offered. To summarize, a 4D-Dialogue for the appreciative inquiry was proposed.
Factors Influencing Employee Retention: A Karachi Based Comparative Study on IT and Banking Industry
Authors: Yousuf Shahtaj , Siddqui Danish Ahmed
Published: December 2018

The purpose of this study is to explain the factors that help in retaining employees in IT and banking industry. These factors include performance appraisals, training and development and workplace environment. It is important to learn how different organizations use these variables as tools to keep their employees satisfied and preserved. In order to carry out this research, a count of 120 questionnaires were distributed among the respective officials in various IT companies and banks. SPSS software was used to analyse the received data to find the relationship between employee retention and these three factors. The study explains that some variables such as performance appraisal, training and development and work environment largely affect the rate of employee retention. Results showed that performance appraisal has a significantly more impact on the retention rate of the employees working in IT sector whereas in banking sector training and development has more influence on retention rate. And through conducting a survey from employees working in these sectors, it is verified that banking and IT industries are also focusing on employee retention management. The academic implication of this research is that academicians should introduce the separate course of employee retention or retention management for the students of HR major as this area is gaining attention of not only researchers, but also of corporate world practitioners. And the practical implication of this research includes the importance of employee retention in the local and global competitive market. The practitioners must understand the worth of retention factors so that they can compete nationally and globally by effectively implementing them in retention strategies. They must work out for their employees as employees are the organization’s prior customers and satisfied employees can satisfy the organization’s customers.
Fillers, Repairs and Repetitions in the Conversations of Saudi English Speakers: Conversational Device or Disfluency Markers
Authors: Azi Yaseen A.
Published: December 2018

Based on the literature review, the three patterns (fillers, repairs and repetitions) in the conversations of the native English speakers are generally regarded as results of the normal speaking between people. On the other hand, the same patterns in the conversations of the L2 speakers are always seen as a marker of disfluency and linguistic disabilities of the nonnative speakers. Therefore, this study simply focuses on finding how the three disfluency patterns are used by the Saudi English speakers from different levels of fluency. The sampling of the study includes two groups of participants from different fluency levels. Through the transcriptions and the discourse analysis of one hour recoding of the two groups, the results showed that the three patterns (fillers, repairs and repetitions) should not be generally associated with disfluency. Instead, repetitions and self-repairs have been equally used by the two groups and such patterns can be used as a conversational device. However, the filler “uh” with longer pausing can clearly predict disfluency among the Saudi English speakers.
The Revised Guidelines on Bancassurance Operation in Nigeria: Marketing Implications on Patronage of Insurance Products
Authors: Nwora Nebo Gerald
Published: December 2018

This study seeks to assess the marketing implication of the revised operational guidelines on bancassurance referral model in Nigeria particularly in terms of how the model can affect customers’ patronage of Insurance companies. The objectives of the study include; (i) to determine the influence of bancassurance referral on customers’ patronage of insurance products; (ii) to ascertain how customer loyalty moderate the influence of bancassurance referral on customers’ patronage of insurance products; and (iii) to assess how the perceived service quality of the deposit money banks moderate the influence of bancassurance referral on customers’ patronage of the insurance products. Quantitative survey research design was adopted for the study. By gathering primary data from 170 banks’ customers and 68 bancassurance desk officers of insurance companies using structured questionnaire; and using structural equation modelling for testing and analyzing the gathered datasets, findings revealed that bancassurance referral model has significant influence on customers’ patronage of insurance products and both customer loyalty and perceived service quality of the banks significantly moderate the influence of bancassurance referral model on customers’ patronage of the insurance products. It was recommended that insurance companies that want to go into bancassurance relationship with any bank in Nigeria should choose banks characterized by large number of loyal customers and high perceived service quality.