bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Operationalising and piloting the IUHPE European accreditation system for health promotion
Authors: Battel-Kirk Barbara , Barry Margaret M. , van der Zanden Gerard , Contu Paolo , Gallardo Carmen , Martinez Ana , Speller Viv , Debenedetti Sara
Published: September 2014

The International Union for Health Promotion and Education (IUHPE) European Accreditation System for Health Promotion aims to promote quality assurance in health promotion practice, education and training. The System is designed to be flexible and sensitive to the different contexts for health promotion practice, education and training in Europe, while maintaining robust criteria. These competency-based criteria were developed in the CompHP Project (2009–2012) that developed core competencies, professional standards and an accreditation framework for health promotion practice, education and training in the context of workforce capacity development in Europe.

This paper describes how consultations undertaken with the health promotion community informed the structure and processes of the IUHPE Accreditation System. An overview of its development, key functions and the piloting of its implementation, which was co-funded by the European Union in the context of the EU Health Programme, is presented.

Feedback from consultations with key health promotion stakeholders in Europe indicated overall support for the development of an accreditation system for health promotion. However, a number of potential barriers to its implementation were noted including: absence of dedicated practitioners and professional bodies in some countries; lack of clarity about professional boundaries; lack of financial resources required to facilitate capacity building; and concerns about the costs, objectivity and transparency of the system. Feedback from the consultations shaped and informed the process of designing an operational accreditation system to ensure that it would be responsive to potential users’ needs and concerns.

Based on the agreed structures and processes, a web-based application system was developed and managed at IUHPE headquarters. A governance structure was established together with agreed policies and procedures for the System. During the pilot period, applications from 20 health promotion practitioners, two health promotion education programmes and one national accreditation organisation were processed. Feedback from the piloting stage will inform further refinement of the system.

While recognising the challenges, the overall positive feedback and the commitment demonstrated by the health promotion community form a constructive platform for the implementation of the IUHPE Accreditation System in Europe and internationally.
Molecular genetics research in sub-Saharan Africa: how can the international community help?
Authors: Bekele Endashaw , Bodmer Walter F , Bradman Neil , Craig Ian W , Makani Julie , Povey Sue , Rotimi Charles
Published: September 2014

Background

Opportunities provided by rapidly increasing access to educational resources, clinical and epidemiological data, DNA collections, cheaper technology and financial investment, suggest that researchers in sub-Saharan Africa outside South Africa (SSAOSA) could now join the genomics revolution on equal terms with those in the West.

Findings

Current evidence, however, suggests that, in some cases, various factors may be compromising this development. One interpretation is that urgent practical problems, which may compromise motivation, aspiration and ambition, are blocking opportunity.

Conclusions

Those wishing to help should support the SSAOSA scientists both at the level of extending collaboration networks and in stimulating academic leadership at national and institutional levels to ensure adequate resources are allocated. Members of organisations representing the international community of human geneticists, such as HUGO, have a significant responsibility in supporting such activities.
Ocular involvement and visual outcome of herpes zoster ophthalmicus: review of 45 patients from Tunisia, North Africa
Authors: Kahloun Rim , Attia Sonia , Jelliti Bechir , Attia Ahmed Zakaria , Khochtali Sana , Yahia Salim Ben , Zaouali Sonia , Khairallah Moncef
Published: September 2014

Background

Ocular complications of herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) may lead to substantial visual impairment. The purpose of this study was to characterize and analyze ocular involvement and visual outcome of HZO in patients from Tunisia, North Africa. This study is a retrospective chart review of 51 eyes of 45 patients with HZO.

Results

Mean age was 44.5 years. Thirty patients (66.7%) were aged over 50 years. Twenty-four patients (53.3%) were male and 21 patients were female (46.7%). There was no statistically significant difference in gender distribution. Initial mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/50. Ocular manifestations included adnexal involvement (58.8%), keratitis (31.4%), keratouveitis (31.4%), isolated anterior uveitis (AU) (29.4%), intraocular pressure elevation (23.5%), oculomotor nerve palsy (5.8%), and optic neuritis (1.9%). Isolated AU (p < 0.001), isolated keratitis (p = 0.001), and intraocular pressure elevation (p = 0.013) were more likely to be concomitant to HZO active skin disease, while keratouveitis occurred more likely more than 1 month after HZO eruption (p < 0.001). AU and keratouveitis were more likely to be associated with age ≥ 50 years (p = 0.001 and p = 0.02, respectively). Ocular complications included neurotrophic keratopathy (1.9%), corneal opacity (5.9%), secondary glaucoma (7.8%), optic atrophy (1.9%), and postherpetic neuralgia (13.3%). Mean follow-up was 12 months. Mean final BCVA was 20/32; it was ≥ 20/40 in 78.4% of the eyes.

Conclusions

Our study provided epidemiologic and clinical data of HZO in a Tunisian population. AU and keratitis were the most common ocular complications. Neurotrophic keratopathy was scarce. The overall visual outcome is good, with about three quarters of the treated patients maintaining VA of 20/40 or better.
Functional significance of mononuclear phagocyte populations generated through adult hematopoiesis
Authors: Gutknecht Michael F , Bouton Amy H
Published: September 2014

Tissue homeostasis requires a complete repertoire of functional macrophages in peripheral tissues. Recent evidence indicates that many resident tissue macrophages are seeded during embryonic development and persist through adulthood as a consequence of localized proliferation. Mononuclear phagocytes are also produced during adult hematopoiesis; these cells are then recruited to sites throughout the body, where they function in tissue repair and remodeling, resolution of inflammation, maintenance of homeostasis, and disease progression. The focus of this review is on mononuclear phagocytes that comprise the nonresident monocyte/macrophage populations in the body. Key features of monocyte differentiation are presented, focusing primarily on the developmental hierarchy that is established through this process, the markers used to identify discrete cell populations, and novel, functional attributes of these cells. These features are then explored in the context of the tumor microenvironment, where mononuclear phagocytes exhibit extensive plasticity in phenotype and function.
1D radial inversion of multidetector logging-while-drilling Sigma measurements
Authors: Ortega Edwin , Torres-Verdín Carlos , Preeg William E. , Miles Jeffrey
Published: September 2014

Sigma measurements are useful in formation evaluation because they can be used to calculate water saturation independently of resistivity. One of the most advantageous features of the logging-while-drilling (LWD) Sigma tool under study is the use of three detectors to measure time decays from which three Sigmas are calculated: one near thermal-neutron detector, one short-spaced gamma-ray detector, and one long-spaced gamma-ray detector. Each detector has a different volume of investigation. Analogous to array resistivity logs, the multidetector Sigma logs, also called multi-depth of investigation Sigma logs, can indicate the presence of invasion and can be used to estimate true formation Sigma. However, the efficacy of the multidetector Sigma interpretation is conditioned by a high-Sigma contrast between invasion and virgin zones. We used a nonlinear gradient-based fast inversion method that uses the measured three-detector time decays and a reference value for invasion-zone Sigma to estimate the radial length of invasion and virgin formation Sigma. Synthetic logs are generated with realistic noise for numerous realizations that are then used to study the stability of the inversion routine and the estimation of error bars. We used a confidence index derived from the multiple-realization study to define the conditions under which the multiple time-decay problem is not stable. The reliability of the Sigma inversion method was verified in a set of test-pit measurements, two synthetic examples, and a field case. Synthetic results indicate that the inversion of multidetector time decays enables the correction of LWD Sigma measurements for invasion effects and improves the calculation of water saturation whenever there is contrast between invasion- and virgin-zone Sigma of more than 5 capture units. Field example results suggest that the inversion can accurately reproduce three-detector time decays honoring invasion effects evidenced in neutron-density logs while managing the presence of noise.
Water System Service Categories, Post-Earthquake Interaction, and Restoration Strategies
Authors: Davis Craig A.
Published: September 2014

This paper illustrates the relation between resilience and water system serviceability, and the dependence of community resilience on water system resilience. Five normally provided water system service categories are defined: water delivery, quality, quantity, fire protection, and functionality. Water system performances are described in terms of how these services are provided to customers after an earthquake in relation to pre-earthquake services. The important distinction between system operability and functionality is defined. The characteristics of each service restoration and how they interact are explained. A case study from the Los Angeles Water System is presented to show applicability of the five service categories in actual post-earthquake restorations. The examined service restoration features can be used as engineering and management principles to improve overall service restoration. Some strategies for improving post-earthquake services and their restorations are presented in the context of the five service categories. Reviewing the five water service categories identifies how water system resilience is more complex than previously recognized.
Physicians' Beliefs About the Benefits and Risks of Adjuvant Therapies for Stage II and Stage III Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Wong Anthony C. , Stock Shannon , Schrag Deborah , Kahn Katherine L. , Salz Talya , Charlton Mary E. , Rogers Selwyn O. , Goodman Karyn A. , Keating Nancy L.
Published: September 2014

Physicians agreed that the benefits of adjuvant chemotherapy for stage III colon cancer and chemotherapy, and radiation for stage III rectal cancer, outweigh the risks, but were divided over the net benefit of adjuvant therapies for stage II colorectal cancer.
Electronic Health Records (EHRs) in the Oncology Clinic: How Clinician Interaction With EHRs Can Improve Communication With the Patient
Authors: LeBlanc Thomas W. , Back Anthony L. , Danis Marion , Abernethy Amy P.
Published: September 2014

Electronic health records pose a particularly difficult problem in the oncology clinic, where difficult topics require much time and attention to address. But with careful attention, they might actually enhance communication in the clinic.
Comorbidity, Chemotherapy Toxicity, and Outcomes Among Older Women Receiving Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer on a Clinical Trial: CALGB 49907 and CALGB 361004 (Alliance)
Authors: Klepin Heidi D. , Pitcher Brandelyn N. , Ballman Karla V. , Kornblith Alice B. , Hurria Arti , Winer Eric P. , Hudis Clifford , Cohen Harvey J. , Muss Hyman B. , Kimmick Gretchen G.
Published: September 2014

Comorbidity was associated with shorter overall survival but not toxicity or relapse among older women with breast cancer with good functional status.
Cancer Clinical Research: Return on Investment in the Era of Value-Based Purchasing
Authors: Holcombe Randall F.
Published: September 2014

What is the return on investment (ROI) for participation in cancer clinical trials for an individual institution, or practice?
Strategies to prevent the progression of venous and lymphovenous disease
Authors: Todd Marie
Published: September 2014

Ongoing disruption to the normal flow of venous blood will result in oedema. If the lymphatic system is unable to remove this excess fluid, the condition will become chronic. Left untreated, the symptoms of venous and lympho venous disease will increase in severity. Early identification and treatment is therefore vital to delay or control this progression to a more advanced disease state. This involves the use of simple management strategies such as compression hosiery
Raising awareness of meningitis and septicaemia in children
Authors: Peate Ian
Published: September 2014

Meningitis and septicaemia are two separate, serious conditions that are caused by a number of bacteria, viruses and fungi. They often occur together, especially when caused by meningococcal bacteria, which is the leading infectious cause of death in early childhood. It is essential that the symptoms of meningitis are noticed at the earliest opportunity so that treatment can commence. This article aims to help support workers become more aware of both conditions so that they can help detect them earlier.
Cystic fibrosis and the role of support workers
Authors: Griffiths Kairen
Published: September 2014

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a complex, multi-system disorder that requires careful management by a specialist, multidisciplinary team. Facing up to the multiple implications of a chronic disease such as CF, including its uncertain outcome, will be stressful for patients and their families. It is vital that individuals are treated appropriately and with sensitivity to enable them to lead as healthy a life as possible. This article will examine the diagnosis and symptoms of CF, discuss the management and treatment of the disorder and will highlight issues that support workers may encounter should they have a patient with CF in their care.
A crucial substance: making sense of cholesterol
Authors: Mulryan Chris
Published: September 2014

Cholesterol is an essential component of the body. However, when cholesterol levels become elevated, the risk of developing certain diseases, most notably ischaemic heart disease, is significantly increased. This article discusses the essential roles that cholesterol plays in the body, the different forms in which it exists and methods by which it is transported. It also looks at the types of disease that can result from or be accelerated by the presence of an excess or disarrangement of cholesterol. It also describes how cholesterol is measured in the body and how medicines can be used to manipulate cholesterol levels so that support workers can understand commonly encountered conditions linked to cholesterol levels.
Maternity focus: deafness, antenatal care and access
Authors: Jackson Meghan
Published: September 2014

Deaf pregnant women are often neglected within maternity services because of a lack of understanding of how best to care for women with different communication needs. Maternity care assistants have a key role in exchanging information and taking the time to understand deaf women's needs in order to act as an advocate and helping to overcome the barriers that can be created by deafness. In order to fulfil this role, maternity care assistants need to have an understanding of the problems faced by deaf women and their partners when accessing maternity services.
A conference call to arms from the front line
Authors: Kernick David
Published: September 2014

The ‘Provocations’ series returns with an acerbic assessment of the Annual NHS Service Development and Organisation Research and Development Conference.
The double-edged sword of scientific research
Authors: Bell Andy
Published: September 2014

Like sand from the beach, medical research gets into all sorts of strange places. The recent furore over the legal status of cannabis is a case in point. What started out as a policing measure, designed to reduce the burden on officers of policing the consumption of a drug that, while still illegal, would no longer carry such severe sanctions for possession, ended up as a major health scare that could still lead to a very significant change in the direction of government policy.
Examining the care of patients with peripheral venous cannulas
Authors: Creamer Eilish
Published: September 2014

The purpose of this study was to examine nursing issues in the care of patients with peripheral venous cannulas (PVCs) with particular focus on duration of cannulation in order to minimize risk of infection. A tentative practice model evolved from this study. The research approach used involved qualitative methods utilizing grounded theory. Data analysis produced one tentative core category, ‘effectiveness.’ This allowed for the development of a 12-dimensional model explaining the nursing function against four interrelated models: development; practice; organizational support; and effectiveness. Related to these four models were key professional aspects of ‘autonomy-control’ and ‘knowledge-practice’. Interpretative findings from the study were plotted against this model, giving a graphic representation and highlighting strengths and weaknesses of nursing practice. Aspects requiring improvement included: PVC care as a syllabus subject, nursing practice, autonomy and control issues, shared responsibility problems, documentation systems, goal setting, and outcomes. The policy, nurses' knowledge of PVC care and identification of critical issues were considered satisfactory. The model incorporates 12 important dimensions associated with effective practice that can be applied to nursing at different levels — clinical practice, education, management — and to other disciplines, providing a framework for narrowing the theory—practice gap and improving patient care.
The need for specialist nurses to work with older people
Authors: Schofield Irene , Ford Pauline
Published: September 2014

This article is based on a comprehensive literature review undertaken by the Royal College of Nursing gerontological nursing programme on the development of specialist gerontological nursing practice (Schofield et al, 1998). The scope of the original review covered the development of specialist nursing, frameworks for practice, accreditation and regulation, role components and competencies, methods of evaluating the specialist role and fields of practice. The literature review's purpose was to inform work on the development of a specialist gerontological nursing BSc (Hons) degree by distance learning. This article focuses on the key findings of the literature review, setting out the potential for the introduction of specialist gerontological nurses in the UK.
Innovations in hand hygiene: Manugel from SSL International
Authors: Gould Dinah
Published: September 2014

Hand hygiene is the single most effective method of preventing cross-infection. Barriers to performing effective hand hygiene include lack of time and the poor cosmetic acceptability of many of the available hand decontaminants. These problems are exacerbated in domiciliary nursing care where conditions in some homes may prevent adequate decontamination, especially when drying hands. Damp hands transfer bacteria more effectively than dry ones. The availability of newer alcoholic hand gels is helping to overcome these problems and the introduction of single-use sachets is of particular benefit in domiciliary care.
Strategies to reduce eczema flare-ups in the school setting
Authors: Greener Mark
Published: September 2014

Eczema can have a substantial impact on children's and young people's health and wellbeing. This article looks at triggers and strategies to help reduce the risk of flare-ups in the school setting.
Small Animal Review
Authors: Tennant Bryn
Published: September 2014

Introduction:

Persistent subclinical bacteriuria can be detected in bitches and antibiosis is not warranted.
Polyposis syndromes: administrative care
Authors: Jones Rebecca , Coleman Denise , Neale Kay
Published: September 2014

The Polyposis Registry team at St Mark's Hospital, London, is made up of nurses and administrators with an ex-nurse as their day-to-day manager. The team works closely with all the consultants at the hospital, but a professor of surgery and consultant gastroenterologist act as the directors of the Registry work. Polyposis syndromes are rare, so patients are referred for specialist care from all over England, as well as occasionally from Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. St Mark's Hospital cares for over 1300 patients from polyposis families whereas most general hospitals would only care for a few families. This article describes how the two administrators at St Mark's support the team and, in particular, help to care for patients who have to live with the burden of an inherited cancer syndrome. The article explains how complete integration of the administrative staff into the team enables them to relieve the nurses of many daily enquiries while reassuring patients that they will be supported.
Clinical forum: the role of dry cow therapy in the modern dairy herd
Authors: Breen James , Bradley Andrew , May Bill , Anscombe Jane , Brearley Ben , Elkins Phil
Published: September 2014

Antibiotic dry cow therapy (ADCT) is a crucial component for the control of contagious mastitis pathogens as part of a herd's mastitis control policy and recent research has again highlighted the excellent cure rates achieved with ADCT, despite ‘apparent’ cure rates across the dry period averaging much lower than those published. However, following the control of the classic contagious mastitis pathogens, environmental pathogens such as Escherichia coli and Streptococcus uberis have become significantly more important and have resulted in a shift in emphasis at drying off, away from identifying those cows with a persistent infection towards protecting those without. This means there are two clear roles for any dry cow therapy, i.e. the cure of existing infections and the prevention of new ones, giving rise to a challenge for veterinary herd health advisors. This should lead to an increased awareness of the importance of taking an individual cow approach to dry cow therapy — moving away from ‘blanket’ ADCT approaches, using internal teat sealants and products with extended Gram-negative activity to protect against new infections and regularly reviewing the use of ADCT in herds as part of prescribing antimicrobials responsibly.
Managing insect bite hypersensitivity in horses
Authors: Rendle David
Published: September 2014

Despite extensive research in recent years into the aetiopathogenesis of sweet itch (more appropriately termed insect bite hypersensitivity or IBH) there have been no revelations in options for treatment. Where new treatments have become available they have not been supported by published evidence of efficacy leaving clinicians uncertain as to their relative merits. The absence of universally effective treatments has left the door open for a plethora of products to line the tack shop shelves frequently leaving the veterinary profession side-lined when it comes to managing the condition. This is regrettable as advice on effective management and avoidance strategies is likely to be infinitely more valuable than any treatments employed after clinical signs have developed.
Everyone has the right to liberty and security of person
Authors: Culverhouse Mathieu
Published: September 2014

In this legal article, Mathieu Culverhouse highlights the importance of being familiar with the Deprivation of Liberty Safeguards (DoLS) regime, in order to identify situations where a deprivation of liberty is occurring and secure the appropriate authorisation
Keeping up with the ever-changing benefits system
Authors: Shellabear George
Published: September 2014

The benefits system seems to be changing constantly and it can sometimes be difficult to keep up to date. George Shellabear recommends the best ways to make sure individuals receive the full amount that they are entitled to
Ortsgemeinde und Gemeinschaft im Neuen Testament
Authors: Luz Ulrich
Published: September 2014

In heutigen Kirchenreformdiskussionen wird die Ortsgemeinde oft abgewertet zugunsten regionaler und überregionaler Aktivitäten der als Dienstleistungsbetrieb verstandenen Kirche. Reformdiskussionen brauchen aber nicht in erster Linie ein verwaltungsorganisatorisches, sondern ein ekklesiologisches Leitbild. Im Neuen Testament sind »Gemeinschaft« (verstanden als Gemeinschaft mit Christus und Gemeinschaft unter den Gemeindegliedern) und »Liebe « die wichtigsten »notae ecclesiae«. Gemeinschaft ist immer konkret und bezieht den ganzen Menschen ein. Darum sind im Neuen Testament auch die Ortsgemeinden, in denen sichtbare alltägliche Gemeinschaft ganz unterschiedlicher Menschen von Christus her gelebt werden kann, die wichtigste Sozialgestalt von Kirche.
Glaube, Aberglaube und das theologische Erbe der Medizin
Authors: Schott Heinz
Published: September 2014

Es ist eine alte Erkenntnis, dass der Glaube einen Kranken heilen und einen Gesunden krank machen kann. Seit Mitte des 20. Jh. spricht man in diesem Zusammenhang von Placebo- und Nocebo-Effekt. Wunderheilungen, Besessenheit und Exorzismus, wie sie nicht zuletzt das Neue Testament überliefert, bedeuten bis heute eine Herausforderung für die wissenschaftliche Medizin. Die im Folgenden vorgestellten Verbindungslinien zwischen Religion und Medizin betreffen nicht nur die Vergangenheit, sondern auch die Gegenwart, in der eine wissenschaftliche Weltanschauung, die sich selbst als (Ersatz-)Religion aufspielt, kritisch zu hinterfragen ist.
Medizin und Theologie im Gespräch
Authors: Oorschot Birgitt van , Oorschot Jürgen van
Published: September 2014

Das Gespräch zwischen Medizin und Theologie verhilft beiden Disziplinen zu einer präziseren Sicht auf Krankheit, Sterben und Tod. Gerade wenn dabei definitorische Einigkeit nicht erreicht wird, befördert das Ringen um ein im jeweiligen Kontext angemessenes Verstehen das verantwortliche Handeln der Beteiligten. In diesem Sinn werden im Folgenden Konsequenzen aus dem medizinischen Verständnis von Sterben im klinischen Alltag aufgezeigt. Die abschließenden Thesen weiten den Horizont über den medizinischen Alltag hinaus.
Wann ist eine Predigt gut?
Authors: Cornelius-Bundschuh Jochen
Published: September 2014

Die Frage nach der „Qualität“ hat die Homiletik erreicht. Zwischen rhetorischen und theologischen Ansprüchen sucht sie nach Kriterien für eine gute Predigt und nach Verfahren, Standards zu sichern. Dabei spielen die predigenden Personen und ihre Ausbildung, der Umgang mit Vorlagen und Strategien der kollegialen Beratung eine große Rolle. Ebenso wichtig aber ist eine theologische Reflexion, die die Grenzen des Qualitätsdiskurses realistisch benennt und in der konkreten Predigtarbeit als Unterbrechung gestaltet.
Ein Gott der Rache?
Authors: Bail Ulrike
Published: September 2014

Untersucht werden die sog. Rachepsalmen, die in der christlichen Frömmigkeit und Theologie vielfach kritisiert und abgelehnt wurden. Mit detaillierten Beobachtungen zu den einschlägigen Begriffen, ihren anthropologischen und sozialgeschichtlichen Kontexten zeigt der Artikel, wie die ‚Gerechtigkeitspsalmen‘ (E. Zenger) für traumatisierte, tödlich bedrohte Menschen eine Sprache der existenziellen Sehnsucht anbieten, die auch für die heutige Liturgie unverzichtbar ist.
The role of reflection during the first teaching experience of foreign languag pre-service teachers: an exploratory-case study
Authors: Cote Parra Gabriel
Published: September 2014

This qualitative study engaged four foreign language student teachers in a reflective practice while completing their practicum. The classroomsof four educational institutions comprised the study sites: two public high schools, one private primary school and one public university, alllocated in a northwestern Colombian town. The researchers gathered data through student teachers’ reflective journals, one-on-one interviewsand classroom observations. Findings revealed that reflection on action and reflections in action (Schön, 1987) enabled participants to redirectteaching processes. In regards to Van Manen’s (1977) three levels of reflection, this study found that although all the student teachers reachedthe first and second level of reflection, only two participants reached the third level, critical reflection.
From Contrastive Rhetoric towards Perceptions of Identity: Written Academic English in Central Mexico
Authors: Crawford Troy , Mora Pablo Irasema , Lengelign Martha , Goodwin Douglas
Published: September 2014

This research looks at two students at the end of a four year period in academic writing as a second language using open interviewsand textual analysis of academic papers. While the initial focus of the research was on the development of rhetorical features in academictexts, issues more oriented to identity construction emerged through the data analysis, implying that long term academic writing in a secondlanguage may be more akin to literacy development. The results seem to show that while the participants express a strong identity with Englishas writers, the actual writing is more in tune with conventions of Spanish. This suggests an apparent conflict of English as a tool for writingand Spanish as the language of the individual.
Undertaking the Act of Writing as a Situated Social Practice: Going beyond the Linguistic and the Textual
Authors: Chapetón Castro Claudia Marcela , Chala Pedro Antonio
Published: September 2014

With an interest to go beyond an emphasis on linguistic and textual features that seem to prevail in writing practices, this qualitative actionresearch study looked at EFL argumentative essay writing within a genre-based approach, where writing was understood as a situated socialpractice. A group of undergraduate students from a B.Ed. program in Modern Languages participated in the study. Data were gathered throughsemi-structured interviews, questionnaires, class recordings, and students’ artifacts. Findings revealed that participants undertook the writing ofargumentative essays by bonding with their audience, establishing personal involvement with their texts, and giving support to their arguments.The study suggests that it is important to encourage students to focus on their sociocultural and personal context so that EFL writing can beapproached in a more purposeful and meaningful way.
Establishing placement test fit and performance: Serving local needs
Authors: Janssens Gerriet , Meier Valerie
Published: September 2014

Accountability in language education is often associated with top-down national policies unresponsive—or even hostile to—local needs; however, when accountability is driven by local stakeholders seeking to better understand and enhance their programs, it can foster productive cycles of action research and curriculum development. This paper reports on one such internally-motivated accountability effort, in which program insiders sought to determine the efficacy of a reading test being administered to a new population of students at one Colombian university. Descriptive statistics, reliability estimates, and item facility and discrimination measures were used to determine whether this test was sufficiently reliable and appropriately matched to test takers’ ability in order to warrant its use as part of a high-stakes English-language placement exam. A detailed analysis of this test is used not only to propose specific recommendations for revision but also to illustrate a useful set of statistical tools appropriate for test analysis in other language programs. Moreover, we conclude that the involvement of local instructors as part of an iterative, self-reflective, test development process provides opportunities for professional development and deeper engagement in accountability projects.
Facile and green synthesis of Hantzsch derivatives in deep eutectic solvent
Authors: Wang Liang , Zhu Kai-Qiang , Chen Qun , He Ming-Yang
Published: September 2014

An efficient one-pot synthesis of polyhydroacridines and polyhydroquinolines through the Hantzsch reaction in deep eutectic solvent choline chloride/urea (1:2) has been developed. Good to excellent yields, broad substrate compatibility as well as the reusability of the solvent are the major advantages of the present protocol.
A numerical scheme based on semi-static hedging strategy
Authors: Imamura Yuri , Ishigaki Yuta , Okumura Toshiki
Published: September 2014

In the present paper, we introduce a
numerical scheme for the price of
a barrier option when the price of
the underlying follows a diffusion process.
The numerical scheme is based
on an extension of a static hedging formula
of barrier options. To get the static hedging formula,
the underlying process needs to have a symmetry.
We introduce a way to
“symmetrize” a given diffusion process.
Then the pricing of a barrier option is reduced to that
of plain options under the symmetrized process.
To show how our symmetrization scheme works,
we will present
some numerical results
of path-independent
Euler–Maruyama approximation
applied to our
scheme, comparing them with the path-dependent Euler–Maruyama scheme when the model is of the type Black–Scholes,
CEV, Heston, and (λ)-SABR, respectively.
The results show the effectiveness of our scheme.
Synthesis and structure of three molecular arylindium phosphinates
Authors: Ahmad Syed Usman , Duthie Andrew , Beckmann Jens
Published: September 2014

Reported here are the syntheses and molecular structures of three novel arylindium phosphinates, [(2,6- Mes
EVOLVED GAS ANALYSIS (COUPLED TG-DSC-FT-IR) APPLIED IN THE STUDY OF FRUCTOOLIGOSACCHARIDES FROM CHICORY
Authors: De Souza Leone Roberta , André Denck Colman Tiago , Schnitzler Egon , Neves Ellendersen Luciana , Lúcia Masson Maria
Published: September 2014

EGA (Evolved Gas Analysis) is a group of coupled techniques (in this case TG-DSC and FT-IR) that was used to provide information about the thermal and calorimetric behavior of standard fructooligosaccharides (FOS) from chicory. These FOS are found in several foods (tuber, roots, fruits, leaves, cereals, etc.) and have been the subject of several studies. In the present study thermogravimetry (TG) allowed the characterization of FOS a standard (Sigma-Aldrich), in which the weight loss can be observed in three stages (m 7.56, 55.53 and 36.53%, respectively). The simultaneous use of DSC showed endo and exothermic events in temperature characteristics and in agreement with TG curves. The enthalpies of the main stages of decomposition were calculated: ΔHdehydr 260 J g-1 and ΔHdec 410 J g-1. From the FT-IR spectrum of the volatiles was possible to characterize the main bands, which confirmed CO and CO2 as a result of thermal decomposition.
Challenges to School-Located Vaccination: Lessons Learned
Authors: Limper Heather M. , Burns Jennifer L. , Lloyd LaKesha M. , Atilano Jennifer , Alexander Kenneth A. , Caskey Rachel N.
Published: September 2014

School-located vaccination (SLV) has a long history in the United States and has successfully contributed to lower morbidity and mortality due to vaccine-preventable diseases.1 Historically, SLV efforts, which tended to be single-vaccine programs intended to provide catch-up immunization to a defined school-age cohort or were implemented in response to an outbreak, were unfunded, funded by local health department, or were funded by industry or federal grants. The growing palette of vaccines recommended for routine use in adolescents along with limited success of office-based adolescent immunization create a compelling argument for the creation of financially sustainable SLV programs. An arguably significant barrier to both office-based and school-located adolescent immunization is the modest reimbursement rates afforded to immunizers. Because the immunization promotion and consent process is expensive, these costs must be reduced to a minimum to reach financial viability. Although there are challenges to creating a financially sustainable SLV program coordinated by an academic medical center, (AMC), the ability of AMCs to bill private and public insurers, the nonprofit status of medical centers, the allowances for faculty for academic pursuit, and the substantial infrastructure already present make AMCs a potentially practical site for the administration of SLV programs. Alternatively, as health departments throughout the nation continue to explore methods for billing private insurance, we may find health departments to be uniquely suited for coordinating the administration and billing of these services.
Characteristics of Recurrent Utilization in Pediatric Emergency Departments
Authors: Neuman Mark I. , Alpern Elizabeth R. , Hall Matt , Kharbanda Anupam B. , Shah Samir S. , Freedman Stephen B. , Aronson Paul L. , Florin Todd A. , Mistry Rakesh D. , Berry Jay G.
Published: September 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

Nationally, frequent utilizers of emergency departments (EDs) are targeted for quality improvement initiatives. The objective was to compare the characteristics and ED health services of children by their ED visit frequency.

METHODS:

A retrospective study in 1 896 547 children aged 0 to 18 years with 3 263 330 visits to 37 EDs in 2011. The number of ED visits per child within 365 days of their first visit was counted. Patient characteristics (age, chronic condition) and ED care (medications, testing [laboratory and radiographic], and hospital admission) were assessed. We evaluated the relationship between patient characteristics and ED health services received with multivariable regression.

RESULTS:

Children with ≥4 ED visits (8%) accounted for 24% of all visits and 31% ($1.4 billion) of all costs. As visit frequency increased from 1 to ≥4, the percentage of children aged <1 year increased (12.1% to 33.2%) and the percentage of children without a chronic condition decreased (81.9% to 45.6%) (P < .001 for both). Children with ≥4 ED visits had a higher percentage of visits without medication administration (aside from acetaminophen or ibuprofen), testing, or hospital admission when compared with children with 1 visit (35.4% vs 29.0%; P < .001). Children with ≥4 ED visits who were aged <1 year (odds ratio: 3.8; 95% confidence interval: 3.7–3.9) and who were without a chronic condition (odds ratio: 3.1; 95% confidence interval: 3.0–3.1) had the highest likelihood of experiencing this type of visit.

CONCLUSIONS:

With a disproportionate share of pediatric ED cost and utilization, frequent utilizers, especially infants without a chronic condition, are the least likely to need medications, testing, and hospital admission.
Amigos y amantes: los valores relativos de trueque de diferentes tipos de compañeros en el intercambio social
Authors: Figueredo Aurelio José , Kirsner Beth R. , Tal Ilanit
Published: September 2014

Se utilizó el  Inventario de Valor como Pareja  (IVP) en talleres  paralelos  titulados  “La Racionalidad del romance” con muestras independientes recolectadas en cuatro sitios distintos: (1) Tucson, Arizona, Estados Unidos (n = 71), (2) Hermosillo, Sonora, México (n = 56), (3). Ciudad de México, Distrito Federal, México  (n = 39), y  (4) San José, Costa Rica (n = 77). Cada participante contestó un cuestionario anónimo y confidencial que incluía preguntas sobre su percepción de su propio “Valor como pareja” (VP), el VP de sus parejas románticas presentes o pasadas, y el VP de sus mejores amistades masculinas y femeninas. Cada participante dio informes sobre relaciones con sus parejas presentes o pasadas, incluyendo su grado de fidelidad a esa pareja, la seriedad de esa relación, y su satisfacción con esa relación. Se especificaron y analizaron varias relaciones entre los datos obtenidos por medio de un modelo económico de intercambio social.
Propuesta para la creación de un test psicométrico para la medición de la creatividad
Authors: Molina-Delgado Mauricio
Published: September 2014

En este artículo se intenta crear un modelo cognoscitivo de la creatividad, inspirado en redes conexionistas y en los conceptos de activación  y conectividad, propios de la teoría  del procesamiento de la información. A partir de este modelo se presenta una actividad denominada “Crear un animal fantástico” que podría  formar parte de un futuro  test de creatividad, intentando así integrar dos enfoques tradicionalmente separados:  la psicometría y la psicología cognoscitiva. Así, los análisis de validez (correlación  con las mediciones de Torrance y diferencias entre los puntajes de estudiantes universitarios y un grupo de escritores jóvenes) son también considerados como evidencia en favor del modelo propuesto. Además de obtenerse valiosa información en favor del modelo, los patrones de correlación sugieren explicaciones sobre los procesos subyacentes a las tradicionales dimensiones consideradas en el  test de Torrance (fluidez, flexibilidad y originalidad). Finalmente, análisis  adicionales  sugieren diferencias estructurales en la forma que los sujetos creativos y no creativos organizan o visualizan la información.
Wilhelm Reich y el fascismo
Authors: Dobles Oropeza Ignacio
Published: September 2014

Este artículo discute diversos aspectos de los aportes elaborados por Wilhelm Reich en las décadas de los 30 y 40 para abordar el fenómeno nazi-fascista en Alemania, y sus polémicas con el movimiento psicoanalítico y también con la Internacional Comunista. Enfatiza el abordaje caracterológico del fascismo por parte de Reich y su análisis de la política, la propaganda y la estrategia fascista, cubriendo su lectura del marxismo y del psicoanálisis y las tareas psicopolíticas que intentó esbozar.
Adaptación del Inventario de Estilos de Identidad Personal en adolescentes escolarizados costarricenses
Authors: García-Castro Juan Diego
Published: September 2014

Los resultados de la adaptación del Inventario de Estilos de Identidad Personal son mostrados en este artículo. Adolescentes costarricenses, tanto mujeres como hombres, de 16 y 17 años, de dos centros educativos de secundaria de San José, Costa Rica, participaron en este estudio. El proceso incluye la traducción del instrumento del inglés al español utilizando el método de traducción reversa, dos grupos focales, cuatro entrevistas a profundidad, dos pruebas pilotos y una aplicación final del instrumento. El análisis de la estructura, la consistencia interna y la validez convergente y discriminante del instrumento, sugieren su mejor funcionamiento en estudiantes del centro educativo privado.
El aporte de la teoría fundamentada al estudio de la culpa en estafadores clasificados como altos y bajos en psicopatía
Authors: Reyes Fernández Benjamín
Published: September 2014

Se plantea como problema de investigación: ¿cómo se relacionan cogniciones como la atribución causal y el sentido de los demás con la experiencia de culpa? Además, se reflexiona sobre qué es la Teoría Fundamentada y cómo contribuye a abordar el problema de investigación. Se entrevistaron 10 sujetos privados de libertad en Costa Rica por delito de estafa.. Se aplica la Lista de Chequeo de la Psicopatía a 34 privados de libertad. A aquellos con los puntajes más altos y más bajos se les realiza una entrevista. Las respuestas son analizadas según la versión straussiana de la Teoría Fundamentada. Se encuentran categorías novedosas que aparecieron a partir de los datos. Cuando se compara la presencia de éstas según los puntajes de psicopatía, se encuentra que la culpa se asocia con un locus más interno y controlable, y con un sentido de los demás que enfatiza los aspectos morales de las personas y sus situaciones.
Neurociencia, Psicoanálisis / Neuroscience, Psychoanalysis
Authors: Kelman Mario Sergio
Published: September 2014

Resumen. El objetivo del presente trabajo es reflejar el abordaje de clínica diferencial del psicoanálisis y la neurociencia. El método elegido es el análisis de caso y la argumentación, este último proveniente del campo del Derecho. La casuística ilustra los resultados obtenidos. Como conclusiones, la noción de síntoma es central a cada concepción clínica, e implica un diferencial que establece el campo, la estructura y sus funciones. El diferencial de la ciencia es un diferencial real, que no cifra, capaz de medición. El diferencial del psicoanálisis es un simbólico, capaz de cifrado, con su interpretación. No se trata de una oposición a las neurociencias ni a los fármacos, sino de interrogar sobre su estatuto ético, derivado de la primacía de la posición clínica del arte de curar. Punto de encuentro entre neurociencia y psicoanálisis en el marco de la época, caracterizada por un avance tecnológico y el discurso del capitalismo.
Desarrollo léxico en la adolescencia: Un análisis de sustantivos en narraciones orales y escritas
Authors: Hess Zimmermann Karina
Published: September 2014

Durante los años escolares la adquisición del léxico está directamente relacionada con la experiencia que los individuos tienen con la lengua escrita. En este trabajo se observó cómo adolescentes realizan una elección léxica en dos contextos discursivos diferentes: narraciones orales y escritas. Los participantes fueron 24 jóvenes pertenecientes a dos grupos sociales distintos, determinados por el acceso previo que tenían a la cultura escrita. Los textos narrativos fueron analizados con la fi nalidad de encontrar la presencia de elementos de lenguaje académico literario, para lo que se recurrió a un análisis del contenido semántico-pragmático de los sustantivos de acuerdo con la escala nominal de Ravid (2006). Los resultados señalan diferencias entre grupos y modalidad oral/escrito en los aspectos estudiados.
La lectura interfiere con la percepción gustativa: Efecto Stroop con palabras y anagramas
Authors: Razumiejczyk Eugenia , Macbeth Guillermo
Published: September 2014

El propósito de este trabajo es evaluar la interferencia intermodal entre la percepción gustativa y las representaciones lingüísticas. Se emplearon estímulos gustativos, palabras y anagramas. Se encontró que los anagramas generaron respuestas más rápidas que las palabras, pero no más acertadas en la identificación de diferentes gustos. Se propone explicar este efecto por el automatismo inferencial evocado para la resolución de los anagramas. Se encontró también que la congruencia entre la información de la lectura y el gusto generó mayor cantidad de aciertos en comparación con las condiciones de incongruencia y control. Se argumenta que este efecto stroop intermodal, entendido como interferencia o facilitación entre modalidades perceptivas, es compatible con una interpretación ecológica.
Memoria de rostros y reconocimiento emocional: generalidades teóricas, bases neurales y patologías asociadas
Authors: Broche Yunier , Rodríguez Mirelly , Martínez Erislandy
Published: September 2014

La memoria de rostros y el reconocimiento emocional son procesos de gran interés para la psicología contemporánea. Desde la aparición del modelo de Bruce y Young en 1986 se han realizados importantes avances en la comprensión de los mecanismos que determinan estos procesos; para ello los investigadores se han apoyado en herramientas como la neuroimagen funcional y el registro de potenciales evocados. Esto ha propiciado la existencia de un mayor conocimiento de la memoria de rostros y el reconocimiento de emociones, facilitando su utilización en diversas áreas aplicadas. Este trabajo sintetiza los principales avances en este campo y su importancia para la psicología contemporánea, transitando desde las distintas posturas teóricas existentes hasta las bases neurales implicadas en los procesos.