bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fine needle aspiration cytology findings of myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma: A case report
Authors: Ozaki Satoru , Kasashima Satomi , Kawashima Atsuhiro , Ooi Akishi
Published: May 2017

Myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma (MIFS) is rare low‐grade soft‐tissue tumor that occurs in extremities. Clinically it is difficult to differentiate from benign lesions, such as nodular fasciitis, and malignant tumors, such as liposarcoma. We report a case of MIFS in the forearm of a 34‐year‐old man. The resected tumor measured 5.3 × 2.7 × 2.5 cm3, had a lobular structure with indistinct boundary, and consisted of a large amount of translucent and yellow mucous‐like substrate. Cytological examination of a preoperative puncture aspiration specimen showed histiocyte‐ and fibroblast‐like tumor cells in a mucous‐like matrix together with scattered lipoblast‐ and ganglion‐like cells. Nuclear chromatin of the tumor cells showed a fine granular appearance but no notable hyperchromasia. There were no clear malignant findings. On Giemsa staining of the tumor cells, there were fine granular and hyaline intracytoplasmic substances that showed purple to reddish‐purple metachromaticity. Prominent inflammatory cells were not observed in the specimens. MIFS should be considered in the differential diagnosis for a myxoid tumor in the extremities.
Analytical characterization of three cathinone derivatives, 4‐MPD, 4F–PHP and bk‐EPDP, purchased as bulk powder from online vendors
Authors: Apirakkan Orapan , Frinculescu Anca , Shine Trevor , Parkin Mark C. , Cilibrizzi Agostino , Frascione Nunzianda , Abbate Vincenzo
Published: May 2017

Novel emerging drugs of abuse, also referred as new psychoactive substances, constitute an ever‐changing mixture of chemical compounds designed to circumvent legislative controls by means of chemical modifications of previously banned recreational drugs. One such class, synthetic cathinones, namely β‐keto derivatives of amphetamines, has been largely abused over the past decade. A number of new synthetic cathinones are detected each year, either in bulk powders/crystals or in biological matrices. It is therefore important to continuously monitor the supply of new synthetic derivatives and promptly report them. By using complementary analytical techniques (i.e. one‐ and two‐dimensional NMR, FT‐IR, GC–MS, HRMS and HPLC‐UV), this study investigates the detection, identification and full characterization of 1‐(4‐methylphenyl)‐2‐(methylamino)pentanone (4‐methylpentedrone, 4‐MPD), 1‐(4‐fluorophenyl)‐2‐(pyrrolidin‐1‐yl)hexanone (4F–PHP) and 1‐(1,3‐benzodioxol‐5‐yl)‐2‐(ethylamino)‐1‐pentanone (bk‐EPDP), three emerging cathinone derivatives.
Trifluoroacetic Acid Mediated One‐Pot Synthesis of Furo‐Fused Quinoxalines/Pyrazines
Authors: Mohan Saini Kapil , Kumar Sonu , Patel Monika , Saunthwal Rakesh K. , Verma Akhilesh K.
Published: May 2017

A trifluoroacetic acid promoted step‐economical one‐pot approach to the synthesis of furo‐fused quinoxalines/pyrazines by the reaction of 2,3‐dichloroquinoxalines/pyrazines with alkynes is described. The reaction involves a selective in‐situ Sonogashira coupling step and a hydroxylation followed by a metal‐free 5‐endo‐dig cyclization. Preliminary experiments show that trifluoroacetic acid acts as a source of oxygen for the oxyarylation step, and isotopic labeling studies support the proposal that the mechanistic pathway involves activation of the alkyne by the acidic medium. Various kinds of substituents are tolerated, which should prove valuable for structural and biological investigations.
Right‐wing authoritarianism, societal threat to safety, and psychological distress
Authors: Roccato Michele , Russo Silvia
Published: May 2017

In two quasi‐experimental vignette studies, we have analyzed how societal threat to safety moderates the relation between right‐wing authoritarianism (RWA) and psychological distress. In Study 1 (Italian community sample, N = 343), we focused on depressive symptoms (measured with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and the General Health Questionnaire). Two moderated regressions showed that the relation between RWA and both measures of depressive symptoms was positive and significant only among people exposed to a socially threatening scenario. In Study 2 (Italian student sample, N = 219), we focused on state anxiety and replicated Study 1's results. The findings indicated that, in conditions of societal threat to safety, RWA is a risk factor for psychological distress. Strengths, limitations, and possible developments of this research are discussed.
Are your cross‐ethnic friends ethnic and/or national group identifiers? The role of own and perceived cross‐ethnic friend's identities on outgroup attitudes and multiculturalism
Authors: Bagci Sabahat Cigdem , Çelebi Elif
Published: May 2017

We investigated how own ethnic and national identities and perceived ethnic and national identities of close cross‐ethnic friends may predict outgroup attitudes and multiculturalism among Turkish (majority status, N = 197) and Kurdish (minority status, N = 80) ethnic group members in Turkey (Mage = 21.12, SD = 2.59, 69.7% females, 30.3% males). Compared with Turkish participants, Kurdish participants were more asymmetrical in rating their cross‐ethnic friend's identities relative to their own, reporting higher ethnic identity, but lower national identity for themselves. Own ethnic identity was negatively associated with attitudes and multiculturalism, whereas own national identity was positively associated with only attitudes. Perceived cross‐ethnic friend's national identity was positively related to both outgroup attitudes and multiculturalism. Shared national identification (high levels of own and friend's national identity) led to most positive outgroup attitudes and highest support for multiculturalism. Findings were discussed in the light of social identity and common ingroup identity models.
It is not quite cricket: Muslim immigrants' accounts of integration into UK society
Authors: Anjum Saliha , McVittie Chris , McKinlay Andrew
Published: May 2017

Recent events demonstrate the need for greater understanding of intercultural relations between Muslim minorities and majority of cultures in host societies. We examine British Muslims' descriptions of their experiences of acculturation. Data from interviews with first‐generation Muslims were analysed by using discourse analysis. Participants' descriptions reflect the acculturation possibilities made available in local interactional contexts. Where invited to choose between assimilation and separation, participants provide ‘trouble‐telling’ accounts that detail the difficulties involved. In contexts involving integration, participants account for their own efforts. By contrast, contexts that allow participants to introduce acculturation in their own terms lead to descriptions of acculturation success. Thus, participants' accounts of relations with British culture reflect not simply orientations towards acculturation but rather how acculturation is framed and negotiated in local contexts: The success or failure of intercultural relations reflects as much how the issues are presented as they do immigrants' acceptance or non‐acceptance of British culture.
Social identity and health at mass gatherings
Authors: Hopkins Nick , Reicher Stephen David
Published: May 2017

Identifying with a group can bring benefits to physical and psychological health. These benefits can be found with both small‐scale and large‐scale social groups. However, groups can also be associated with health risks: A distinct branch of medicine (‘Mass Gathering Medicine’) has evolved to address the health risks posed by participating in events characterised by large crowds. We argue that emphasising either the positive or the negative health consequences of group life is one‐sided: Both positive and negative effects on health can occur (simultaneously). Moreover, both such effects can have their roots in the same social psychological transformations associated with a group‐based social identification. Reviewing evidence from across a range of mass gatherings, we offer a conceptual analysis of such mixed effects. Our account shows (i) how social identity analyses can enrich mass gathering medicine and (ii) how social identity analyses of health can be enriched by examining mass gatherings.
Social identity, self‐esteem, and mental health in autism
Authors: Cooper Kate , Smith Laura G. E. , Russell Ailsa
Published: May 2017

We investigated Autism social identity and mental health in autistic people. Autistic people have social and communication deficits, and experience social stigma—factors that could interfere with the development of positive social identity. Indeed, autistic participants (N = 272) had significantly lower personal self‐esteem, and higher levels of depression and anxiety than typically developing controls (N = 267). Autism social identification was positively associated with personal self‐esteem, and this relationship was mediated by collective self‐esteem (perceived positivity of Autism identity). Furthermore, there were significant negative indirect effects between Autism identification and anxiety, and between Autism identification and depression, through increases in collective self‐esteem and personal self‐esteem. Thus, while autistic participants reported poorer mental health than average, having a positive Autism social identity appeared to offer a protective mechanism. This implies that to improve mental health in the Autism population, clinical approaches should aim to facilitate development of positive Autism identities.
Will we be harmed, will it be severe, can we protect ourselves? Threat appraisals predict collective angst (and its consequences)
Authors: Tabri Nassim , Wohl Michael J. A. , Caouette Julie
Published: May 2017

Across four studies, we applied the cognitive model of anxiety to explicate the appraisals that elicit collective angst (i.e., concern for the in‐group's future vitality). In Study 1a, consistent with the model, Québécois experienced collective angst when they appraised the following: (1) a threat as likely to harm their group, (2) a threat as severely harming their group, and (3) Québécois as not having efficacy to protect their group. In Study 1b, results were replicated in the context of the realistic threat that Islamic extremists pose to Christian‐Lebanese. In Studies 2a and 2b, we manipulated the three appraisals and found a similar pattern of results in the context of a potential terrorist attack on American soil by Islamic extremists. Importantly, collective angst mediated the threat appraisal effect on (non‐Muslim) Americans' prejudice towards Muslims. The utility of the appraisal model for regulating collective angst (and thus its consequences) is discussed.
Prenatal environmental tobacco smoke exposure increases allergic asthma risk with methylation changes in mice
Authors: Christensen Sonja , Jaffar Zeina , Cole Elizabeth , Porter Virginia , Ferrini Maria , Postma Britten , Pinkerton Kent E. , Yang Mihi , Kim Yang Jee , Montrose Luke , Roberts Kevan , Holian Andrij , Cho Yoon Hee
Published: May 2017

Allergic asthma remains an inadequately understood disease. In utero exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) has been identified as an environmental exposure that can increase an individual's asthma risk. To improve our understanding of asthma onset and development, we examined the effect of in utero ETS exposure on allergic disease susceptibility in an asthmatic phenotype using a house dust mite (HDM) allergen‐induced murine model. Pregnant C57BL/6 mice were exposed to either filtered air or ETS during gestation, and their offspring were further exposed to HDM at 6–7 weeks old to induce allergic inflammation. Methylation in the promoter regions of allergic inflammation‐related genes and genomic DNA was quantified. Exposure to HDM resulted in the onset of allergic lung inflammation, with an increased presence of inflammatory cells, Th2 cytokines (IL‐4, IL‐5, and IL‐13), and airway remodeling. These asthmatic phenotypes were significantly enhanced when the mice had been exposed to in utero ETS. Furthermore, prenatal ETS exposure and subsequent HDM (ETS/HDM)‐induced asthmatic phenotypes agree with methylation changes in the selected asthma‐related genes, including IL‐4, IL‐5, IL‐13, INF‐γ, and FOXP3. Global DNA methylation was significantly lower in ETS/HDM‐exposed mice than that of controls, which coincides with the results observed in lung, spleen, and blood DNAs. Prenatal ETS exposure resulted in a severe increase in allergic inflammatory responses after an HDM challenge, with corresponding methylation changes. Prenatal ETS exposure may influence developmental plasticity and result in altered epigenetic programming, leading to an increased susceptibility to asthma. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 58:423–433, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Performance analysis of the coupled system of heat pump and double stage extraction rankine cycle
Authors: Wang Hongli , Lu Congsha , Du Yuanhang
Published: May 2017

This article presented a coupled system cycle (CSC) and the thermodynamic analysis of the CSC was employed, which was combined by the heat pump cycle and double stage extraction Rankine cycle. Taking CO2 and R1234yf as heat pump refrigerants, the influence of cycle parameters on the thermal efficiency of the CSC (ηcsc) was studied by contrast with that of the DSERC, and the performance analysis of the CSC was employed. The results show that increasing the evaporation temperature or decreasing the outlet temperature of gas cooler is beneficial to improve the ηcsc. The optimal compressor discharge pressure of the CSC with CO2 refrigerant is 8.5 MPa, and correspondingly, the maximum COP is about 4.21 and the maximum ηcsc is about 44.56%. Increasing the main steam parameters is beneficial to improve the ηcsc, and the ηcsc is increased and then decreased with the increasing of the steam extraction coefficient. The conclusion is that the CSC has higher thermal efficiency and better performance, which provides a theoretical basis for improving the performance of power plant. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 36: 1856–1863, 2017
Forest structures across Europe
Authors: Moreno A. , Neumann M. , Hasenauer H.
Published: May 2017

Pan‐European gridded datasets derived from a single methodology to inform researchers, policy makers and conservationists on the state of forest structures would improve our ability to study forests independent of political boundaries and along various gradients. Although National Forest Inventory (NFI) data provide information on the characteristics of forests, including carbon content, volume, height, and age, such spatial data is not available across Europe. Before this study, remotely sensed data covering all of Europe had not been utilized to produce multiple European‐focused forest structure datasets over the entire continent that are methodologically consistent and comparable. We used existing European data to develop a pan‐European dataset covering tons of live tree carbon and volume per hectare, mean tree height and mean tree age by integrating remotely sensed and harmonized NFI data from 13 different European countries. We produced a pan‐European map for each of the four key variables on a 0.133° grid representing the time period 2000–2010.
TGR5 contributes to hepatic cystogenesis in rodents with polycystic liver diseases through cyclic adenosine monophosphate/Gαs signaling
Authors: Masyuk Tatyana V. , Masyuk Anatoliy I. , Lorenzo Pisarello Maria , Howard Brynn N. , Huang Bing Q. , Lee Pui‐Yuen , Fung Xavier , Sergienko Eduard , Ardecky Robert J. , Chung Thomas D.Y. , Pinkerton Anthony B. , LaRusso Nicholas F.
Published: May 2017

Hepatic cystogenesis in polycystic liver disease is associated with increased levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in cholangiocytes lining liver cysts. Takeda G protein receptor 5 (TGR5), a G protein–coupled bile acid receptor, is linked to cAMP and expressed in cholangiocytes. Therefore, we hypothesized that TGR5 might contribute to disease progression. We examined expression of TGR5 and Gα proteins in cultured cholangiocytes and in livers of animal models and humans with polycystic liver disease. In vitro, we assessed cholangiocyte proliferation, cAMP levels, and cyst growth in response to (1) TGR5 agonists (taurolithocholic acid, oleanolic acid [OA], and two synthetic compounds), (2) a novel TGR5 antagonist (m‐tolyl 5‐chloro‐2‐[ethylsulfonyl] pyrimidine‐4‐carboxylate [SBI‐115]), and (3) a combination of SBI‐115 and pasireotide, a somatostatin receptor analogue. In vivo, we examined hepatic cystogenesis in OA‐treated polycystic kidney rats and after genetic elimination of TGR5 in double mutant TGR5−/−
;Pkhd1del2/del2
mice. Compared to control, expression of TGR5 and Gαs (but not Gαi and Gαq) proteins was increased 2‐fold to 3‐fold in cystic cholangiocytes in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, TGR5 stimulation enhanced cAMP production, cell proliferation, and cyst growth by ∼40%; these effects were abolished after TGR5 reduction by short hairpin RNA. OA increased cystogenesis in polycystic kidney rats by 35%; in contrast, hepatic cystic areas were decreased by 45% in TGR5‐deficient TGR5−/−;Pkhd1del2/del2
mice. TGR5 expression and its colocalization with Gαs were increased ∼2‐fold upon OA treatment. Levels of cAMP, cell proliferation, and cyst growth in vitro were decreased by ∼30% in cystic cholangiocytes after treatment with SBI‐115 alone and by ∼50% when SBI‐115 was combined with pasireotide. Conclusion: TGR5 contributes to hepatic cystogenesis by increasing cAMP and enhancing cholangiocyte proliferation; our data suggest that a TGR5 antagonist alone or concurrently with somatostatin receptor agonists represents a potential therapeutic approach in polycystic liver disease. (Hepatology 2017;66:1197‐1218).
Effects of movement speed and predictability in human–robot collaboration
Authors: Koppenborg Markus , Nickel Peter , Naber Birgit , Lungfiel Andy , Huelke Michael
Published: May 2017

Human–robot collaboration (HRC) is characterized by a spatiotemporal overlap between the workspaces of the human and the robot and has become a viable option in manufacturing and other industries. However, for companies considering employing HRC it remains unclear how best to configure such a setup, because empirical evidence on human factors requirements remains inconclusive. As robots execute movements at high levels of automation, they adapt their speed and movement path to situational demands. This study therefore experimentally investigated the effects of movement speed and path predictability of an industrial collaborating robot on the human operator. Participants completed tasks together with a robot in an industrial workplace simulated in virtual reality. A lower level of predictability was associated with a loss in task performance, while faster movements resulted in higher‐rated values for task load and anxiety, indicating demands on the operator exceeding the optimum. Implications for productivity and safety and possible advancements in HRC workplaces are discussed.
Effect of Surgery Versus Observation: Skeletal 5-Year Outcomes in a Randomized Trial of Patients With Primary HPT (the SIPH Study)
Authors: Lundstam Karolina , Heck Ansgar , Godang Kristin , Mollerup Charlotte , Baranowski Marek , Pernow Ylva , Aas Turid , Hessman Ola , Rosén Thord , Nordenström Jörgen , Jansson Svante , Hellström Mikael , Bollerslev Jens ,   on behalf of the SIPH Study Group
Published: May 2017

Mild primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is known to affect the skeleton, even though patients usually are asymptomatic. Treatment strategies have been widely discussed. However, long-term randomized studies comparing parathyroidectomy to observation are lacking. The objective was to study the effect of parathyroidectomy (PTX) compared with observation (OBS) on bone mineral density (BMD) in g/cm2 and T-scores and on biochemical markers of bone turnover (P1NP and CTX-1) in a prospective randomized controlled study of patients with mild PHPT after 5 years of follow-up. Of 191 patients with mild PHPT randomized to either PTX or OBS, 145 patients remained for analysis after 5 years (110 with validated DXA scans). A significant decrease in P1NP (p < 0.001) and CTX-1 (p < 0.001) was found in the PTX group only. A significant positive treatment effect of surgery compared with observation on BMD (g/cm2) was found for the lumbar spine (LS) (p = 0.011), the femoral neck (FN) (p < 0.001), the ultradistal radius (UDR) (p = 0.042), and for the total body (TB) (p < 0.001) but not for the radius 33% (Rad33), where BMD decreased significantly also in the PTX group (p = 0.012). However, compared with baseline values, there was no significant BMD increase in the PTX group, except for the lumbar spine. In the OBS group, there was a significant decrease in BMD (g/cm2) for all compartments (FN, p < 0.001; Rad33, p = 0.001; UDR, p = 0.006; TB, p < 0.001) with the exception of the LS, where BMD was stable. In conclusion, parathyroidectomy improves BMD and observation leads to a small but statistically significant decrease in BMD after 5 years. Thus, bone health appears to be a clinical concern with long-term observation in patients with mild PHPT. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
MicroRNA‐328 is involved in the effect of selenium on hydrogen peroxide‐induced injury in H9c2 cells
Authors: Zheng Xiaolin , Hu Xiaoyan , Ge Tangdong , Li Mengdi , Shi Minxia , Luo Jincheng , Lai Hehuan , Nie Tingting , Li Fenglan , Li Hui
Published: May 2017

Oxidative stress induces apoptosis in cardiac cells, and antioxidants attenuate the injury. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are also involved in cell death; therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of miRNAs in the effect of selenium on oxidative stress‐induced apoptosis. The effects of sodium selenite were analyzed via cell viability, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate cell apoptosis. Fura‐2AM was used to calculate intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Sodium selenite could ameliorate hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)‐induced cell apoptosis and improve expression levels of glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductase. Pretreatment with sodium selenite improved SOD activity and reduced MDA concentration. Treatments with H2O2 or sodium selenite decreased miR‐328 levels. MiR‐328 overexpression enhanced cell apoptosis, reduced ATP2A2 levels, and increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration, while inhibition produced opposite effects. MiR‐328 might be involved in the effect of sodium selenite on H2O2‐induced cell death in H9c2 cells.
Recent Advances in CRISPR‐Cas9 Genome Editing Technology for Biological and Biomedical Investigations
Authors: Singh Vijai , Gohil Nisarg , Ramírez García Robert , Braddick Darren , Fofié Christian Kuete
Published: May 2017

The Type II CRISPR‐Cas9 system is a simple, efficient, and versatile tool for targeted genome editing in a wide range of organisms and cell types. It continues to gain more scientific interest and has established itself as an extremely powerful technology within our synthetic biology toolkit. It works upon a targeted site and generates a double strand breaks that become repaired by either the NHEJ or the HDR pathway, modifying or permanently replacing the genomic target sequences of interest. These can include viral targets, single‐mutation genetic diseases, and multiple‐site corrections for wide scale disease states, offering the potential to manage and cure some of mankind's most persistent biomedical menaces. Here, we present the developing progress and future potential of CRISPR‐Cas9 in biological and biomedical investigations, toward numerous therapeutic, biomedical, and biotechnological applications, as well as some of the challenges within. J. Cell. Biochem. 119: 81–94, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Associations of TNF‐α ‐238 A/G and IL‐10 ‐1082 G/A Genetic Polymorphisms With the Risk of NONFH in the Chinese Population
Authors: Wei Biao‐Fang , Feng Zhi , Wei Wei , Chen Xiao
Published: May 2017

The study aims to explore the roles of common polymorphisms of Tumor Necrosis Factor‐α (TNF‐α) (‐238 A/G and ‐308 A/G) and IL‐10 (‐819 T/C and ‐1082 G/A) genes in the risk of non‐traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (NONFH). One hundred and forty‐seven NONFH patients and 135 healthy individuals were selected as the case and control groups. qRT‐PCR and Western blotting techniques detected mRNA as well as protein expressions of TNF‐α and IL‐10 of each genotype in both the case and control groups. The GA genotype and the A allele of TNF‐α ‐238 A/G were higher in the case group than in the control group. Compared with the control group, AA, GA, and AG + AA genotypes as well as the A allele of IL‐10‐1082 G/A were all lower in the case group. In the case groups increased levels of TNF‐α as well as decreased levels of IL‐10 expression when compared with the control group. TNF‐α expression of TNF‐α‐238 GA genotype was significantly higher than that in patients with GG genotype, while the IL‐10 expression of GA and AA genotypes of IL‐10‐1082 was significantly lower than in that of patients with the GG genotype. TNF‐α protein expression in the GA genotype was significantly higher than in the GG genotype. In relation to TNF‐α ‐238, TNF‐α protein expression of GA and AA genotypes had significantly reduced more so than the GG genotype in IL‐10‐1082. TNF‐α‐238 A/G and IL‐10‐1082 G/A may be involved as risk factors of NONFH. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 4872–4880, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Functional and Structural Assessment of the Effect of Human Umbilical Cord Blood Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Doxorubicin‐Induced Cardiotoxicity
Authors: Abd Allah Somia H. , Hussein Samia , Hasan Mai M. , Deraz Raghda H. A. , Hussein Wafaa F. , Sabik Laila M. E.
Published: May 2017

Cardiomyopathy induced by doxorubicin (DOX) was recognized at an early stage and also several years after drug administration. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have many properties that make them suitable for preventive and/or regenerative therapies. In this study, we evaluated the effect of MSCs in the functional and the structural improvement of DOX‐induced cardiomyopathy in rats. Ninety adult male albino rats were randomly divided into three equal groups of thirty rats each: Group I (control): rats received normal saline. Group II (DOX‐ group): rats received DOX. Group III (DOX‐MSCs group): rats received DOX for 2 weeks then human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB‐MSCs). Rats in all groups were evaluated for: physical condition, electrocardiography (ECG), and hemodynamic parameters. Serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and DNA fragmentation on heart tissue isolated DNA were estimated for evaluation of the mechanism and the extent of the damage. Hearts were examined histopathologically for detection of MSCs homing, structural evaluation, with counting of the collagen fibers for evaluation of fibrosis. DOX‐administered rats showed significant functional and structural deterioration. DOX‐MSCs treated rats (group III) showed improved functional and structural criteria with restoration of all biochemical indicators of cardiac damage and reactive oxygen species (ROS) to normal, as well. In Conclusion, hUCB‐MSCs significantly ameliorated the cardiotoxic manifestations as shown by biochemical, functional, and structural cardiac improvement. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 3119–3129, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Neuroprotective Role of MiR‐124‐3p in a 6‐Hydroxydopamine‐Induced Cell Model of Parkinson's Disease via the Regulation of ANAX5
Authors: Dong Rui‐Fang , Zhang Bing , Tai Li‐Wen , Liu Hong‐Mei , Shi Fang‐Kun , Liu Ning‐Ning
Published: May 2017

Parkinson's disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain. Several pathogenetic factors have been involved in the onset and progression of PD, including inflammation, oxidative stress, unfolded protein accumulation, and apoptosis. Ample evidence indicates that miRNAs could regulate post‐transcriptional gene expression and neuronal disease. In this study, we evaluated the effects and mechanism of miR‐124‐3p on 6‐hydroxydopamine (6‐OHDA)‐induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells and SH‐SY5Y cells. qRT‐PCR results showed that the level of miR‐124‐3p was downregulated in 6‐OHDA‐treated PC12 and SH‐SY5Y cells, and overexpression of miR‐124‐3p significantly promoted the cell viability of 6‐OHDA‐treated PC12 and SH‐SY5Y cells, whereas miR‐124‐3p inhibitor reversed these effects. In addition, PC12 or SH‐SY5Y cells were treated with miR‐124‐3p mimics or inhibitors following 6‐OHDA administration, which mediated cell apoptosis and downregulation or upregulation of Caspase‐3 activity, respectively. A luciferase reporter assay revealed that annexinA5 (ANXA5) is a direct target gene of miR‐124‐3p, and miR‐124‐3p overexpression markedly downregulated the level of ANXA5. Strikingly, further analysis showed that miR‐124‐3p enhanced the viability of 6‐OHDA‐treated PC12 or SH‐SY5Y cells by targeting ANXA5, which was associated with the stimulation of the ERK pathway. This study revealed that miR‐124‐3p may play a neuroprotective role in PD; this observation may provide new ideas and therapeutic targets for PD. J. Cell. Biochem. 119: 269–277, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Transient Arrest of Germinal Vesicle Breakdown Improved In Vitro Development Potential of Buffalo (Bubalus Bubalis) Oocytes
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , Kumar Manish , Dholpuria Sunny , Sarwalia Parul , Batra Vipul , De Sachinandan , Kumar Rakesh , Datta Tirtha Kumar
Published: May 2017

Germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) is the first milestone that an oocyte needs to achieve toward completing the maturation and gaining potential to fertilize. Significantly lower in vitro embryo production rate in buffaloes can be attributed to heterogeneity of GVBD occurrence among oocytes obtained from abattoir derived ovaries. Evidence from our earlier work had suggested that different qualities of buffalo oocytes differ significantly in their timing of GVBD. Besides, these oocytes also differ in terms of volume of Akt phosphorylation, which initiates the process of GVBD. With objective of synchronizing the oocytes for GVBD, immature buffalo oocytes were subjected to a two‐step culture protocol, initially in the presence of GVBD inhibitors and subsequently, in vitro maturation (IVM) with added SC79 (activates Akt). Expression of developmentally important genes was assessed along with embryo development rate and blastocyst health to interpret the consequences. Oocytes subjected to a short GVBD inhibition period of 6 h followed by IVM with SC79 resulted in improved cleavage and blastocyst rates. Resultant blastocysts also possessed higher ICM: TE ratio. Further, GVBD inhibited oocytes displayed a sustained cytoplasmic maturation status in terms of reorganization of cortical granules (CGs), mitochondrial membrane potential, and glutathione levels during the period of inhibition. We conclude that a temporary GVBD arrest of buffalo oocytes and modulation of Akt improves the in vitro embryo development rate as well as quality of resultant embryos. Besides, our meiotic arrest protocol does not affect the cytoplasmic maturation. J. Cell. Biochem. 119: 278–289, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Zebrafish Tmem230a cooperates with the Delta/Notch signaling pathway to modulate endothelial cell number in angiogenic vessels
Authors: Carra Silvia , Sangiorgio Lorenzo , Pelucchi Paride , Cermenati Solei , Mezzelani Alessandra , Martino Valentina , Palizban Mira , Albertini Alberto , Götte Martin , Kehler James , Deflorian Gianluca , Beltrame Monica , Giordano Antonio , Reinbold Rolland , Cotelli Franco , Bellipanni Gianfranco , Zucchi Ileana
Published: May 2017

During embryonic development, new arteries, and veins form from preexisting vessels in response to specific angiogenic signals. Angiogenic signaling is complex since not all endothelial cells exposed to angiogenic signals respond equally. Some cells will be selected to become tip cells and acquire migration and proliferation capacity necessary for vessel growth while others, the stalk cells become trailer cells that stay connected with pre‐existing vessels and act as a linkage to new forming vessels. Additionally, stalk and tip cells have the capacity to interchange their roles. Stalk and tip cellular responses are mediated in part by the interactions of components of the Delta/Notch and Vegf signaling pathways. We have identified in zebrafish, that the transmembrane protein Tmem230a is a novel regulator of angiogenesis by its capacity to regulate the number of the endothelial cells in intersegmental vessels by co‐operating with the Delta/Notch signaling pathway. Modulation of Tmem230a expression by itself is sufficient to rescue improper number of endothelial cells induced by aberrant expression or inhibition of the activity of genes associated with the Dll4/Notch pathway in zebrafish. Therefore, Tmem230a may have a modulatory role in vessel‐network formation and growth. As the Tmem230 sequence is conserved in human, Tmem230 may represent a promising novel target for drug discovery and for disease therapy and regenerative medicine in promoting or restricting angiogenesis.
Integration of optical applicator with balloon catheter for photothermal treatment of biliary stricture
Authors: Bak Jinoh , Hwang Jieun , Park Suhyun , Kang Hyun Wook
Published: May 2017

Background and Objective

Bile duct stricture is an uncommon disease in gastroenterology resulting from postoperative trauma. In spite of non‐surgical treatments, clinical outcomes for the biliary strictures still encounter high restenosis and stent migration. The objective of the current study was to investigate the feasible application of a balloon catheter‐integrated diffing applicator to thermally treat the bile duct stricture.

Materials and Methods

400‐μm optical fibers were micro‐machined and then integrated with an inflatable balloon catheter. The fabricated applicator was tested on porcine bile ducts with 20‐W 980 nm laser light for 60 s, and a thermal camera was used to measure thermal response of the tissue. Due to mechanical pressure, the inflated balloon was able to expand the tissue lumen up to 6 mm in diameter.

Results

Compared to control, the inner area of the treated tissue was increased by four fold (i.e., 2.74±0.05 mm2 for treated vs. 0.73±0.14 mm2 for control) during the balloon catheter‐assisted laser irradiation. The laser‐induced tissue temperature reached up to 80.1±6.4 °C (thermal gradient = 1.2 °C/s). A thin layer of coagulation necrosis (0.5±0.1 mm) consistently formed around the lumen.

Conclusion

The proposed balloon catheter‐integrated diffusing applicator can be a feasible minimally invasive device to photothermally treat the obstructive bile ducts. Lasers Surg. Med. 49:781–786, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Development of Polyvinyl Alcohol Based High Strength Biocompatible Composite Films
Authors: Sonker Amit Kumar , Teotia Arun Kumar , Kumar Ashok , Nagarale Rajaram Krishna , Verma Vivek
Published: May 2017

In the present work, the development of high strength biocompatible polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) based composite films using citric acid (CA) as a crosslinker and bacterial cellulose nanowhiskers (BCNW) as nanofiller is reported. The interfacial binding between nanoreinforcement (BCNW) and polymer (PVA) is modified by covalently binding them by citric acid. These composite films demonstrate a highest tensile strength of 132 MPa in comparison to PVA (37 MPa). The composite also shows 10‐fold reduction in water swelling percentage and better thermal properties compared to PVA. Hemocompatibility and biocompatibility assays show that the developed high strength composite is nontoxic to blood and is favorable for cell growth. With the aforementioned strength and biocompatibility, the composite for development for bioimplants is proposed.

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Side‐Chain Effects on the Thermoelectric Properties of Fluorene‐Based Copolymers
Authors: Liang Ansheng , Zhou Xiaoyan , Zhou Wenqiao , Wan Tao , Wang Luhai , Pan Chengjun , Wang Lei
Published: May 2017

Three conjugated polymers with alkyl chains of different lengths are designed and synthesized, and their structure–property relationship as organic thermoelectric materials is systematically elucidated. All three polymers show similar photophysical properties, thermal properties, and mechanical properties; however, their thermoelectric performance is influenced by the length of their side chains. The length of the alkyl chain significantly influences the electrical conductivity of the conjugated polymers, and polymers with a short alkyl chain exhibit better conductivity than those with a long alkyl chain. The length of the alkyl chain has little effect on the Seebeck coefficient. Only a slight increase in the Seebeck coefficient is observed with the increasing length of the alkyl chain. The purpose of this study is to provide comprehensive insight into fine‐tuning the thermoelectric properties of conjugated polymers as a function of side‐chain engineering, thereby providing a novel perspective into the design of high‐performance thermoelectric conjugated polymers.

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The effect of ultrasonic excitation on the microstructure of selective laser melted 304 L stainless steel
Authors: Tilita G.A. , Chen W. , Kwan C.C.F. , Yuen M.M.F
Published: May 2017

Selective laser melting is an additive manufacturing technology capable of creating near‐net‐shape products using a variety of materials. Parts made by selective laser melting have shortcomings in material behavior such as anisotropy, residual stresses, low ductility, and low fatigue limit. Such behavior is largely a result of the columnar grain structure found within the printed part. Fundamentally, the highly directional thermal gradient involved in the selective laser melting process, hampers the nucleation and promotes growth in one direction, and likely responsible for the observed columnar structure. The current study aims to modify such unfavorable nucleation conditions by introducing ultrasonic excitation into the selective laser melting process. The experiment was conducted on multiple layers of 304 L austenitic stainless steel as a model material on a specially built selective laser melting platform. Ultrasonic excitation has clearly shown to have an effect on as‐printed microstructure leading to more desirable grain structure with a 46 to 54% decrease in aspect ratio as a result of the change in nucleation conditions. The results of this study suggest that ultrasonic excitation is a viable means to altering the selective laser melting grain structure. Moreover, it is highly likely that further optimization, and possibly a certain level of control on the resulting microstructure, can be achieved with the ultrasonic parameters.
Measurements of rubber mechanical properties in aged and nonaged state
Authors: Ružiak I. , Koštial P. , Jančíková Z. , Krišťák Ľ. , Kopal I. , Valíček J. , Harničárová M.
Published: May 2017

In this work we study the influence of different types of plasticizers on the mechanical properties of rubber blend mixtures before and after the ageing process. We have used Oleic acid as plasticizer. Reference samples were mixed with an oleic acid content of 1 part of the oleic acid to the 100 parts of rubber and 3 parts of the oleic acid to the 100 parts of rubber with weight percentages of the surfactant ETOXON 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 20, 30 and basic mechanical properties such as tensile strength, Shore A hardness, ductility, moduli 100, 200, 300 have been measured. Measurements were performed 24 h after blend vulcanization and then 1 month after. We have studied the influence of plasticizers on the measured properties and the influence of ageing on the measured properties. All measured mechanical properties change with chemical composition except Shore A hardness.
Results on the measurement of the soret coefficients for ternary hydrocarbons mixtures on board ISS
Authors: Ahadi A. , Saghir M.Z.
Published: May 2017

The diffusion and thermodiffusion coefficients of binary hydrocarbon mixtures have been measured and analyzed in detail elsewhere, as one step forward here we measured the separation of tetrahydronaphthalene, isobutylbenzene, and dodecane mixture in a ternary hydrocarbon mixture, at five different compositions due to thermal gradients, and we determined the Soret and diffusion coefficients of this mixture. The thermodiffusion experiment was conducted by means of a Mach‐Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) using two wavelengths and in a low gravity environment on board the International Space Station (ISS). Thus, we report the chemical concentration variations of the various cases obtained by the recently developed processing technique. Eventually, based on the transient behavior of the separation of the components, the Soret coefficient of all three components for various compositions of this mixture were measured.
Application of a pattern recognition method to estimate wind loads on ships and marine objects
Authors: Valčić M. , Prpić‐Oršić J. , Vučinić D.
Published: May 2017

This paper presents an extension of the application capabilities of elliptic Fourier descriptors from the usual pattern recognition and classification problems to problems of very complex nonlinear multivariable approximations of multi‐input and multi‐output functions. Wind loads on ships and marine objects are a complicated phenomenon because of the complex configuration of the above‐water part of the structure. The proposed approach of the wind load estimation method presented in this paper consists of four basic parts: acquisition and pre‐processing of vessel images; image editing; data preparation for neural network training; validating and testing of the created neural network. The method is based on elliptic Fourier features of a closed contour which are used for the frontal and lateral closed contour representation of ships. Therefore, this approach takes into account all aspects of the variability of the above‐water frontal and lateral ship profile. For the purpose of multivariate nonlinear regression, the generalized regression radial basis neural network is trained by elliptic Fourier features of closed contours and wind load data derived from wind tunnel tests. The trained neural network is used for the estimation of non‐dimensional wind load coefficients. The results for a group of car carriers are presented and compared with the experimental data.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of two binary Al‐Mg alloys deformed using equal channel angular pressing
Authors: Tański T. , Snopiński P. , Hilser O.
Published: May 2017

In the present work, the effect of severe plastic deformation (SPD) on the mechanical properties of two binary Al−Mg alloys have been investigated. Because of the limited workability of the investigated material, both alloys were subjected to the heat treatment (precipitation treatment) before plastic deformation using equal channel angular pressing (ECAP). Results of investigation show that the increased magnesium content result in a decrease in workability, however, the heat treatment improves ability for plastic working. It was also observed that a combination of heat treatment with severe plastic deformation causes an increase in mechanical properties when compared to the initial material. In order to characterize structural changes that occur after plastic deformation, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used.
Automated low‐contrast pattern recognition algorithm for magnetic resonance image quality assessment
Authors: Ehman Morgan O. , Bao Zhonghao , Stiving Scott O. , Kasam Mallik , Lanners Dianna , Peterson Teresa , Jonsgaard Renee , Carter Rickey , McGee Kiaran P.
Published: May 2017

Purpose

Low contrast (LC) detectability is a common test criterion for diagnostic radiologic quality control (QC) programs. Automation of this test is desirable in order to reduce human variability and to speed up analysis. However, automation is challenging due to the complexity of the human visual perception system and the ability to create algorithms that mimic this response. This paper describes the development and testing of an automated LC detection algorithm for use in the analysis of magnetic resonance (MR) images of the American College of Radiology (ACR) QC phantom.

Methods

The detection algorithm includes fuzzy logic decision processes and various edge detection methods to quantify LC detectability. Algorithm performance was first evaluated using a single LC phantom MR image with the addition of incremental zero mean Gaussian noise resulting in a total of 200 images. A c‐statistic was calculated to determine the role of CNR to indicate when the algorithm would detect ten spokes. To evaluate inter‐rater agreement between experienced observers and the algorithm, a blinded observer study was performed on 196 LC phantom images acquired from nine clinical MR scanners. The nine scanners included two MR manufacturers and two field strengths (1.5 T, 3.0 T). Inter‐rater and algorithm‐rater agreement was quantified using Krippendorff's alpha.

Results

For the Gaussian noise added data, CNR ranged from 0.519 to 11.7 with CNR being considered an excellent discriminator of algorithm performance (c‐statistic = 0.9777). Reviewer scoring of the clinical phantom data resulted in an inter‐rater agreement of 0.673 with the agreement between observers and algorithm equal to 0.652, both of which indicate significant agreement.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates that the detection of LC test patterns for MR imaging QC programs can be successfully developed and that their response can model the human visual detection system of expert MR QC readers.
Reliability of the triple‐timed up‐and‐go test
Authors: Sanders Donald B. , Guptill Jeffrey T. , Aleš Kathy L. , Hobson‐Webb Lisa D. , Jacobus David P. , Mahmood Riaz , Massey Janice M. , Pittman Melissa M. , Prather Kristi , Raja Shruti M. , Yow Eric , Juel Vern C.
Published: May 2017

Introduction

We report the reliability of a new measure, the triple‐timed up‐and‐go (3TUG) test, for assessing clinical function in patients with Lambert‐Eaton myasthenia (LEM).

Methods

Intrarater reproducibility and interrater agreement of the 3TUG test were assessed in 25 control participants, 24 patients with non‐LEM neuromuscular disease, and 12 patients with LEM. The coverage probability (CP) method was the primary measure of reproducibility and agreement. Thea prioriacceptable range was < 20% difference in 3TUG test times and a CP ≥0.90 confirmed agreement.

Results

CP values > 0.90 for intrarater and interrater tests confirmed acceptable reproducibility and agreement for all groups.

Discussion

The 3TUG test is a quick, noninvasive, and reproducible measure that is easy to perform, measures clinically important weakness in LEM patients, and requires little training. Additional evaluation in a larger number of LEM patients is in progress to validate the 3TUG test as a clinical measure in LEM.Muscle Nerve57: 136–139, 2017