bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Enhanced Apriori with Interestingness of Patterns using cSupport and rSupport﻿
Authors: Tirumalasetty Sudhir , Aruna A. , Padmini A. , Sagaru D. Vijaya , Tejeswini﻿ A.
Published: July 2021

Data mining is wide spreading its applications in several areas. There are different tasks in mining which provides solutions for wide variety of problems in order to discover knowledge. Among those tasks association mining plays a pivotal role for identifying frequent patterns. Among the available association mining algorithms Apriori algorithm is one of the most prevalent and dominant algorithm which is used to discover frequent patterns. An enhancement to Apriori algorithm is done i.e. Apriori2 which minimized the number of scans. In this research Apriori2 is modified by including rSupport or cSupport. Also includes the comparison of these variants of APRIORI along with the proposed.
Covid-19 Sürecinde Bilgi Açığı: Beşiktaş ve Esenyurt İlçeleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: KÖSELİÖREN Mihrali , ÇAKIR Cihan , OKUR Muhsin Samet
Published: July 2021

Gündelik hayatta bireylerin eylemlerinin belirli bir hedef yönelik olmasının temelinde yer alan bilgi olgusu, endüstri devrimiyle birlikte bilgi kaynaklarını arttırmıştır. Bu durum ekonomik, toplumsal, eğitimsel ve bilimsel alanlarda köklü değişimlere neden olmuştur. Özellikle bilginin teknolojiyle buluşması sonucunda ortaya çıkan bilgi teknolojileri toplumun tüm kesimlerini eşit derecede bilgilendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Ancak hedef kitlenin ve toplumun sahip olduğu sosyo-ekonomik özellikler ve tercihler nedeniyle bilgi, toplumun farklı katmanlarına eşit şekilde yayılmayarak bilgi açığına neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada da akıllı telefon ve HES aplikasyonunun nasıl icra edildiği bu aplikasyonla ilgili kişilerin Covid-19 pandemisine yönelik bilgi düzeylerinin ne seviyede olduğu ve sosyal sınıf bağlamında bilgi açığı ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Bunun sonucunda araştırma kapsamında incelenen Beşiktaş ilçesindeki katılımcıların Esenyurt ilçesindekilere göre daha iyi eğitim ve ekonomi düzeyene sahip olup akıllı telefonlar konusunda da daha bilgili olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca Beşiktaş ilçesindeki katılımcılar Esenyurt ilçesindeki katılımcılara göre HES uygulamasını daha etkili kullandığı saptanmıştır. Bu bağlamda Beşiktaş ilçesindeki katılımcıların Covid-19 pandemisi noktasında bilgi düzeyleri Esenyurt ilçesindekilere göre daha yüksek olup bu hastalığa yakalanma oranlarının da düşük olduğu görülmüştür.
O ENSINO DE QUÍMICA E A CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO AMAZÔNICA NOS LIVROS DIDÁTICOS DO ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: Gomes Milena Vieira , Luz Fernando Albuquerque , Yamaguchi Klenicy Kazumy de Lima
Published: July 2021

O ensino de química nem sempre é vinculado à prática e realidade dos discentes, fato que pode gerar a incompreensão dos conteúdos e desinteresse pela disciplina. Este artigo objetiva analisar o uso da contextualização regional dos livros do Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD) na disciplina de Química do ensino básico, relacionados ao contexto amazônico. A metodologia consistiu na análise dos livros didáticos do Ensino Médio adotados na rede federal e estadual (1º, 2º e 3º ano) e apresentou uma abordagem quali-quantitativa, descritiva e exploratória. Os resultados obtidos mostram que os livros didáticos apresentam uma contextualização voltada mais para área do sul e sudeste, e uma carência representativa para a contextualização voltada para a região amazônica, principalmente nos livros do segundo ano. Dessa forma, faz-se necessário uma complementação dos conteúdos nas metodologias de ensino objetivando contribuir com essa lacuna.

Palavras-chave: Ensino de química; Amazônia; Contextualização.
ASSISTÊNCIA DE ENFERMAGEM DOMICILIAR NO CUIDADO A PACIENTES ONCOLÓGICOS EM ESTÁGIO TERMINAL: UMA BREVE REVISÃO
Authors: Alves de Sousa Santos Allan Bruno , Silva Soares Mateus , Visniewski Barbosa Suelen , Pereira da Silva Marques Victor Guilherme , Cantele Xavier Juliana , Cabral oliveira Jackson
Published: July 2021

O estudo objetiva abordar na literatura as várias práticas empregadas na assistência ao paciente oncológico terminal, e assim apontar as estratégias que a equipe de enfermagem vai aplicar para desempenhar uma melhoria na vida do paciente e seus familiares. Trata-se de um estudo do tipo revisão de literatura, de caráter integrativo qualitativo, na qual foi utilizado de métodos ativos de leitura e interpretação dos manuscritos, realizado entre março e julho de 2021.As etapas da produção do estudo se caracterizaram sequencialmente, pela escolha do tema, estabelecendo a problemática da pesquisa e questão norteadora, aplicando os critérios de elegibilidade e exclusão dos artigos, definição dos descritores em português e inglês, realizado uma busca nas bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS); Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). Na assistência ao paciente oncológico terminal a educação familiar e incentivo ao autocuidado são bases para uma assistência eficaz e humanitária, e assim os profissionais de saúde exemplificam na pratica todo o seu conhecimento teórico acerca de métodos alternativos para promoção de bem estar, e ensina aos familiares, criando assim um ciclo continuo de ensino aprendizagem. Conclui-se que que é necessário um preparo da família e dos profissionais para lidar com a assistência ao paciente terminal, e assim desempenhar com êxito suas atividades, fornecendo alivio e bem estar ao paciente.
A EFICÁCIA DO DISPOSITIVO MATERNO: POSSÍVEIS INFLUÊNCIAS DA ROMANTIZAÇÃO DA MATERNIDADE NA SAÚDE MENTAL DE MÃES-SOLO NA CIDADE DE ARCOVERDE-PE
Authors: Padilha Rolim Julianne Milenna , Lídya Carolyne Freitas de Oliveira  , Luana Raquel da Silva Pereira
Published: July 2021

Historicamente, a importância e valor da mulher no contexto familiar sempre foram efetivados a partir do momento em que essa mulher se tornava mãe. Entretanto, essa valorização da mulher-mãe acaba fazendo com que os sentimentos negativos que estãoatrelados à maternidade sejam desconsiderados, como se elas estivessem sempre fortes e felizes, sem nenhum ônus. Ao perceber essas questões, o objetivo dessa pesquisa foi compreender quais as possíveis influências da romantização da maternidade na saúde mental das mães-solo. Participaram dessa pesquisa quatro mães-solo identificadas eselecionadas inicialmente através da rede de contatos das pesquisadoras e, em seguida, da amostragem de bola de neve. Os dados foram obtidos através de formulário online, onde foram abordadas questões socioeconômicas, bem como perguntas disparadoras.Posteriormente, as respostas foram analisadas de acordo com a teoria da análise de conteúdo. Observou-se que as questões que giram em torno do tema da romantização da maternidade são diversas, que incluem: rede de apoio, participação do parceiro, apoio social e questões socioeconômicas.
Biomolecular Quantum Computation
Authors: Bollinger Terry
Published: July 2021

In terms of leveraging the total power of quantum computing, the prevalent current (2020) model of designing quantum computation devices to follow the von Neuman model of abstraction is highly unlikely to be making full use of the full range of computational assistance possible at the atomic and molecular level. This is particularly the case for molecular modeling, in using computational models that more directly leverage the quantum effects of one set of molecules to estimate the behavior of some other set of molecules would remove the bottleneck of insisting that modeling first be converted to the virtual binary or digital format of quantum von Neuman machines. It is argued that even though this possibility of “fighting molecular quantum dynamics with molecular quantum dynamics” was recognized by early quantum computing founders such as Yuri Manin and Richard Feynman, the idea was quickly overlooked in favor of the more computer-compatible model that later developed into qubits and qubit processing.
Knowledge of chikungunya and mosquito avoidance and control practices among newly admitted students at an offshore medical University in the Caribbean
Authors: Nepal Hari P
Published: July 2021

Objective
To assess knowledge of chikungunya and the pattern of implementation of mosquito avoidance and control practices among new students admitted to Trinity Medical Sciences University (TMSU), St. Vincent and the Grenadines

Methods
A cross sectional study was conducted, where a pilot tested questionnaire was surveyed among all newly admitted students for a period of one year. The participants who were aware of the disease were included in the knowledge score analysis. Knowledge level of each participant was determined to be good (score ≥ 70%), fair (score 50.1–69.9%) or poor (score ≤ 50%). The study also evaluated the participants’ implementation of WHO-recommended mosquito avoidance and control practices.

Results
Among the 129 students surveyed, 102 participants responded (response rate: 79.06%). Of 102 participants, only 39 (38.2%) were aware of the disease with 30.77% having good knowledge, 28.21% fair knowledge and 41.03% poor knowledge of the disease. Of the eight mosquito avoidance and control practices evaluated, none were implemented by 2 (1.96%) of the participants while one or more, but not all, were used by the remaining 100 (98.04%) participants. The association of these practices with awareness of the disease as well as levels of knowledge was statistically non-significant (P>0.05).

Conclusion
A large percentage of newly admitted students at TMSU did not have adequate knowledge of chikungunya. However, implementation pattern of mosquito avoidance and control practices varied among them. The new students need early education about the disease and should be encouraged to practice as many recommended strategies as possible to avoid mosquito bites and control of mosquito vectors.
Parametric Study of P-Delta Effect on Irregular RC Structure with Structural Systems Having Different Density of Shear Walls
Authors: Patel Yash , Zala Mr Jigar , Tarachandani Prof. Deepak R.
Published: July 2021

P-Delta analysis affect the seismic responses of structures. When the structure responds elastically, its importance can be insignificant, but it is relevant when the structure responds to an inelastic set. The P-∆ effect normally raises the structural displacement response. Dynamic instability can also occur when the system is exposed to extreme earthquake motions. Plan irregularities can lead to substantial eccentricity between the centre of mass and the centre of rigidity in the RC framed structure, which can lead to a negative lateral and torsional response. Irregular structures require more careful structural evaluation to reach a suitable behaviour during an earthquake. In this research, a parametric study will be conducted on G+29 RC framed buildings having plan irregularity with consideration of the P-delta effect. Time history analysis, response spectrum analysis and static co-efficient method will be conducted to evaluate results of different structural systems and study the parameters like Displacement, Storey drift, Time period, Axial force, Base Shear, Bending Moment, etc with the help of structural analysis software ETABs.
Design and Analysis of Spur Gear Using Composite Material
Authors: R R Akshar Viruppan , S K Athiyaman , M Deepak Kumar , D Gokul Ram
Published: July 2021

Spur gears are the simplest and widely used in power transmission. In recent years it is required to operate machines at varying load and speed. Gear teeth normally fail when load is increased above certain limit. Therefore, it is required to explore alternate materials for gear manufacturing. Composite materials provide adequate strength with weight reduction and they have emerged as a better alternative for replacing metallic gears. Composites provide much improved mechanical properties such as better strength to weight ratio, more hardness, and hence less chances of failure. So, this work is concerned with replacing metallic gear with composite material to improve performance of machine and to have longer working life. Efforts have also been carried out for modeling using 3D modelling software called SOLIDWORKS and finite element analysis of gears using ANSYS. Composite gears have been manufactured by stir casting, which is economical method. Composite gears offer improved properties over steel alloys and these can be used as better alternative for replacing metallic gears.
Operating Virtual Keyboard and Mouse Using Hand Gestures
Authors: S S Ms. Latha , R Anusha , N Shwetha , M P Megha , Khan Farhan
Published: July 2021

This project promotes an approach for the Human Computer Interaction (HCI) where cursor movement can be controlled using a real-time camera, it is an alternative to the current methods including manual input of buttons or changing the positions of a physical computer mouse. Instead, it utilizes a camera and computer vision technology to control various mouse events and is capable of performing every task that the physical computer mouse can. The Virtual Mouse color recognition program will constantly acquiring real-time images where the images will undergone a series of filtration and conversion. Whenever the process is complete, the program will apply the image processing technique to obtain the coordinates of the targeted colors position from the converted frames. After that, it will proceed to compare the existing colors within the frames with a list of color combinations, where different combinations consists of different mouse functions. If the current colors combination found a match, the program will execute the mouse function, which will be translated into an actual mouse function to the users' machine.
Weather Prediction and Smart Notification System
Authors: Yatesh Manghate  , Nair Prabha , Chaudhary Pranita , Mishra Mitali , Bhivgade Ninad , Pund Pranali , Kadu Divya
Published: July 2021

In the recent period, many real-world applications and institutions generates a huge amount of data which is unstructured i.e., in the form of images containing data, receipts, invoices, forms, statements, contracts etc. This rich and detailed information presented in the text is of great significance in computer vision-based applications (driverless cars, assisting blind and visually impaired people, detecting labels and packages, automatic number plate recognition etc.). Recently, there has been a hike in the efforts, researches and progresses being done in this domain for its significance in data analysis and computer vision. Here has been a diversity of challenges in unstructured data like image sensor noise, different viewing angles, blur, lighting conditions, resolution, and non-planar object. Our objective for taking up this topic for research are i) to detect and recognize the text from the data ii) to handle diversity and variability of text in natural scene iii) to explore various datasets iv) to deal with various issues occurring in scene text detection. To tackle this problem, we propose a robust scene text detection and recognition method with adaptive text region representation using deep learning model open CV with EAST algorithm as detection pipeline and tesseract. The recurrent neural network-based adaptive text region representation is proposed for text region refinement, where a pair of boundary points are predicted each time step until no new points are found. In this way, text regions in an image are detected and represented with the adaptive number of boundary points.
Finanzas populares y solidarias como alternativa de desarrollo en los emprendimientos de economía popular y solidaria de la ciudad de Machala, 2019
Authors:   Universidad Técnica de Machala, León-Serrano Lady , Arelys Luna-Luna ,   Universidad Técnica de Machala, Batallas-Astudillo Ingrid ,   Universidad Técnica de Machala
Published: July 2021

Las Finanzas Populares y Solidarias (FPS) y la Economía Popular y Solidaria (EPS) en Ecuador surgen por primera vez en la Constitución de Montecristi, en el marco de la EPS las FPS son de importancia por que actúan como un organismo de organización y participación de los diferentes sujetos y actores sociales de la economía popular dentro del sistema financiero. Las FPS al igual que las EPS forman parte del nuevo sistema económico social y solidario basado en una estructura financiera al servicio de la sociedad. El objetivo del trabajo consiste en identificar las Finanzas Populares y Solidarias como una alternativa de desarrollo en los emprendimientos de la Economía Popular y Solidaria de las parroquias Nueve de Mayo y Providencia de la ciudad de Machala, provincia de El Oro durante el año 2019.
Los emprendedores y el poder de adaptación en los tiempos de pandemia
Authors:   Universidad Técnica de Machala, Feijoo Jaramillo Irene , López Feijoo Manuel ,   Universidad Técnica de Machala, Pereira Feijoo Ximena ,   Universidad Técnica de Machala, Valarezo Alvear Edinson ,   Universidad Técnica de Machala
Published: July 2021

Ecuador en los meses de marzo y abril enfrentó una de las situaciones más críticas del año 2020, debido a la extensión de la pandemia global conocida como COVID- 19, siendo la principal causa para el desarrollo de una crisis económica global, debido a esto, el objetivo del presente estudio consiste en analizar la adaptación que tuvieron los emprendedores, al desarrollar micro-negocios en tiempos de pandemia, a través de un estudio cualitativo, en el que se describen las ventajas y desventajas presentadas al momento de emprender, en una situación de crisis económica como la que atraviesa el país.
Transfer learning and performance enhancement techniques for deep semantic segmentation of built heritage point clouds
Authors: Matrone Francesca , Martini Massimo
Published: July 2021

The growing availability of three-dimensional (3D) data, such as point clouds, coming from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), Mobile Mapping Systems (MMSs) or Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), provides the opportunity to rapidly generate 3D models to support the restoration, conservation, and safeguarding activities of cultural heritage (CH). The so-called scan-to-BIM process can, in fact, benefit from such data, and they can themselves be a source for further analyses or activities on the archaeological and built heritage. There are several ways to exploit this type of data, such as Historic Building Information Modelling (HBIM), mesh creation, rasterisation, classification, and semantic segmentation. The latter, referring to point clouds, is a trending topic not only in the CH domain but also in other fields like autonomous navigation, medicine or retail. Precisely in these sectors, the task of semantic segmentation has been mainly exploited and developed with artificial intelligence techniques. In particular, machine learning (ML) algorithms, and their deep learning (DL) subset, are increasingly applied and have established a solid state-of-the-art in the last half-decade. However, applications of DL techniques on heritage point clouds are still scarce; therefore, we propose to tackle this framework within the built heritage field. Starting from some previous tests with the Dynamic Graph Convolutional Neural Network (DGCNN), in this contribution close attention is paid to: i) the investigation of fine-tuned models, used as a transfer learning technique, ii) the combination of external classifiers, such as Random Forest (RF), with the artificial neural network, and iii) the evaluation of the data augmentation results for the domain-specific ArCH dataset. Finally, after taking into account the main advantages and criticalities, considerations are made on the possibility to profit by this methodology also for non-programming or domain experts.

Highlights:

Semantic segmentation of built heritage point clouds through deep neural networks can provide performances comparable to those of more consolidated state-of-the-art ML classifiers.

Transfer learning approaches, as fine-tuning, can considerably reduce computational time also for CH domain-specific datasets, as well as improve metrics for some challenging categories (i.e. windows or mouldings).

Data augmentation techniques do not significantly improve overall performances.
Model Predictive Current Control with Asymmetric Stacked Multilevel Inverter and LCL-Filter Based STATCOM
Authors: Kasim Mostafa Q. , Hassan Raaed Faleh
Published: July 2021

The work presented in this paper deals with a proposal of a new topology of a multilevel inverter to act as a Static synchronous Compensator (STATCOM). The proposed inverter is the five-level Asymmetric Stacked Multi-Level Inverter (ASMLI). One of the essential features of this inverter that distinguishes it from the conventional types is that it achieves the required voltage levels with fewer switching devices, leading to simplifying the control process. Moreover, the work includes using a Finite Control Set Model Predictive Current Control (FCS-MPCC) to control the proposed structure. The FCS-MPCC control strategy performs the finite optimization process at the current sampling instant to provide the optimum switching states to the inverter at the next sampling instant. Therefore, this control strategy allows injecting harmonic current and reactive power compensation to reduce source current distortion and improve the voltage profile and power factor. The optimization mechanism reduces the cost function, which is a function of measuring the network current's deviation from the reference value and how the capacitor voltage deviates from the required values. LCL-filter was used to connect this setup to the grid, and its resonance was actively damped using the multivariable capabilities of the FCS-MPCC. The proposed control framework was simulated using MATLAB/Simulink 9.1 environment and tested in a distorted and healthy network compared to a conventional two-level converter with RL-filter. The STATCOM was used to inject reactive power to raise the source power factor to unity and reduce source current harmonics by injecting harmonic current. The proposed prototype could absorb 70% of source current harmonics, which is nearly 25% better than a conventional inverter, inject an appropriate amount of reactive power, and raise the source power factor to unity in two case scenarios. The performance achieved was promising at steady-state operation and speedy response during transients with balanced capacitors voltages.
Penerapan Implementasi Tata Kelola Pada Bank Syariah
Authors: Ismurroji Muhammad
Published: July 2021

Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan prinsip Good Corporate Governance pada Bank Syariah serta untuk mengetahui dan menemukan suatu formulasi yang berkaitan dengan strategi penerapan prinsip Good Corporate Governance pada Bank Syariah. Penulisan ini menggunakan Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode review jurnal. Metode  pengumpulan  data  yang  digunakan  dalam  penelitian  ini  yaitu  dengan metode  Studi Literatur
Biomonitoring the Health of Lake Mansar (Jammu), Using Phytoplankton
Authors: Sheikh Assadullah , Slathia Deepika
Published: July 2021

Phytoplankton investigation of a sub-tropical Lake Mansar has revealed a total of 92 species belonging to Chlorophyceae (57 spp.), Bacillariophyceae (20 spp.), Cyanophyceae (11 spp.), Dinophyceae (2spp.) and Euglenophyceae (2 spp.). Perennial Chlorophyceae was recorded to be the most occurred group throughout the study period. Palmer algal genus and species pollution index was used to monitor the health of Mansar Lake. The total
scores of 36 for algal genus and 16 for algal species have shown organic pollution of the lake. Thus, phytoplankton can be considered as good bio-indicator for assessing the health of the Lake. Present observations showed that the lake is a highly productive water body, facing pollution problems and is approaching towards eutrophication due to
the presence of high number of pollution indicator species of algae. Conservation strategies of the lake must take cognizance to protect it from further deterioration.
Antibiotic Resistance of Escherichia Coli Isolated from Lake Nainital, Uttarakhand
State, India
Authors: Giri Neha , Lodhi Anchal , Bisht Devendra Singh , Bhoj Suvarna , Arya Deepak Kumar
Published: July 2021

Researchers have encountered new challenges with the discovery of multiple drug resistance in microbes. Currently, multidrug resistant bacteria are considered a major public health concern and an emerging global epidemic. Presence of Escherichia coli in water is used as a faecal pollution measure. In this study E. coli isolates were collected from 20 sample collection sites at Lake Nainital. 20 E. coli isolates, 1 from each sample collection sites, were examined for their antibiotic response patterns against a panel of widely used 15 antibiotics. The result of this study showed 100% resistance to Penicillin G followed by Erythromycin (80%). All isolates (100%) were found susceptible for Gentamycin. The susceptibilities for Chloramphenicol and Co-trimoxazaole were found next to
Gentamycin as 90 and 85% respectively. Multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index was also determined. 0.73 MAR index was observed as highest in 1 isolate. 13 out of 20 isolates had more than 0.2 MAR indices. The result reveals the origin of E. coli isolates from an area of high antibiotics use.
Spider Diversity in Different Agricultural Crops in Mangoli, Nainital District,
Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Jeetikasiddhu Jeetikasiddhu , Lohani Himanshu Pandey , Pathak Gunjan , Kaushal Buddh Raj
Published: July 2021

Investigations were carried out on the species composition of spiders in different agricultural crops viz. red lentil, wheat and mixed vegetables (cabbage, carrot, potato, tomato, pea, black eyed beans) at Mangoli in district Nainital of Kumaun region of Uttarakhand, India. The sampling was done using handpicking, ground hand
collection, aerial hand collection and sweep netting method. The investigation revealed the presence of 44 spider species belonging to 16 families and 33 genera. The most dominant species was Argiope pulchella comprises highest numbers of individuals (32) and most dominant family was Araneidae (9species). The highest number of
individuals was observed from mix vegetable field (296) followed by wheat (209) and red lentil (181). Based on foraging behaviour, the collected spiders were classified into 7 ecological guilds and majority of collected spiders were orb weavers (37.73%). Diversity indices: Shannon-Weiner’s diversity and species richness of spiders were found to be higher in mixed vegetables crop (3.57, 6.67) followed by wheat (3.47, 6.36) and red lentil crop (3.40, 6.15), respectively.
Antimicrobial Activity of AgNPs Synthesized Via Green Approach by Using Flowers of
Bistortamacrophylla herb of Tungnath Himalaya Region
Authors: Bartwal Ankit Singh , Ringwal Sumit , Sati Satish Chandra
Published: July 2021

Green synthesis of nano structured materials isan emerging field for the researchers working in the field of chemical, physical, life sciences, engineering and medical sciences, for the welfare of society.In the present study green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)was performed by using flowers of Bistorta macrophylla, a
medicinal herb of polygonaceae family of Garhwal Himalayas. For green synthesis of AgNPs, the aqueous flowers extract and the aqueous solution of AgNO3(of 5 milli molar concentration) were well mixed in ratios of 1:9.The metal ion present in the solution reduced Ag+1 to Ag0 within three to four days, which was characterized by color
change observation, UV, SEM-EDX, XRD, TEM etc. The absorption maxima of AgNPs of Bistorta macrophylla flowers (BMF) was obtained in the range of 451– 454nm for 5mM concentration of AgNO3, and the SEM images revealed that the average clustersize of synthesized Ag nanoparticles from 5BMF1:9ranges from 20 μm– 23μm, while the EDX analysis four elements show their presence as Ag (51.44 weight %), C (22.45 weight %), Cl (1.18 weight %) and O (22.24 weight%) in the synthesized AgNPs of 5mM(BMF1:9).XRD revealed that the crystals nature of synthesized AgNPs were cubic, and TEM results shows that the biosynthesized nanoparticles are agglomerated and irregular shaped in which size ranging from 12 nm to 38 nm. Synthesized AgNPs were also found to be active for potent antibacterial activity against various pathogenic and harmfull bacterial strains of humans like Pseudomonas Sp.(19.5mm), Bacillus cereus(21 mm) and CoNS (Coagulase Negative Staphylococci) (16.4 mm).Synthesized nanomaterial may be active for efficient clinical applications.
Existence of Fixed Point Under Generalized Multivalued - -Contraction in Partial
Metric Spaces
Authors: Negi Smita , Gairola Umesh Chandra
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we introduce the notion of generalized multivalued - -contraction in partial metric space endowed with an arbitrary binary relation and establish a fixed point theorem for this contraction mapping. Our result extends and generalize the result of Wardowski (Fixed Point Theory Appl. 2012:94 (2012)), Alam and Imdad (J. Fixed Point Theory Appl. 17 (4) (2015), 693–702) and Altun et al. (J. Nonlinear Convex Anal. 28 (16) (2015), 659-666). Also, we give an example to validate our result.
Review on Green Synthesized Nanocomposites and Their Biological Activities
Authors: Ringwal Sumit , Bartwal Ankit Singh , Semwal Aditya Ram , Sati Satish Chandra
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we reviewed the present status of synthesis of nano structured materials for technological development as bimetallic, trimetallic and various organic, inorganic polymers nanocomposites in the field of nanosciences. Nanocomposites play an important role in the field of sciences, engineering and industries due to their high catalytic power, high optical, electrical and mechanical properties, which can be very useful in the field of
biosensors, nano medicines and many more as social welfare factor. There are many techniques used for the preparation of nanocomposites. Among them, green method is commonly used technique for the synthesis of nanomaterials which is cost-effective, eco-friendly and less hazardous materials for the environment. Here we attempt to present an elaborate work done in the field of nanocomposites dwelling upon their advantages, challenges and future prospects.
Cyclodextrin Based Nanoparticles For Improved Solubility and Drug Delivery
Authors: Pandey Devashish , Panwar Vikas Singh , Mishra Himanshu , Adhikari Lokesh , Pandey Mukesh , Semalty Mona
Published: July 2021

Biopharmaceutical properties (Solubility and permeability etc.) of the drugs are the
major factors responsible for absorbing the drug. A huge fraction of pharmaceutical drugs belongs to classes II and IV, showing more lipophilic nature with low solubility. These drugs can be complexed with cyclodextrin for improving the biopharmaceutical properties and drug delivery. Cyclodextrin is widely utilized in pharmaceutical formulations as an associate excipient to extend stability and solubility—cyclodextrin tends to form complexes, and self-aggregation property results to form nano or micro preparations. Nano preparation of cyclodextrins can be used for drug delivery. This review deals with cyclodextrin inclusion complexes/ nanoparticles, their preparations, application, and drug delivery role.
Maturation Biology and Spawning Ethos of A Hillstream Loach Lepidocephalus Guntea
(Ham-Buch) From River Mandal, Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand
Authors: Dobriyal Anoop Kumar
Published: July 2021

The paper deals with studies on maturation biology and spawning behaviour of an important hill stream loach Lepidocephalus guntea (Ham-Buch) from river Mandal in District Pauri Garhwal Uttarakhand. It was observed that there was a continuous growth of ova throughout the year. Seven maturity stages in the fish were observed with single mode each month. Gonado-somatic index (GSI) and Dobriyal Index (DI) were calculated to
find out the month of peak maturity, spawning frequency and spawning season. It was confirmed by tabulation of fishes in different maturity stages each month and also by physical observations in the field. It was concluded that June was the month of peak maturity and spawning takes place during July- August. Rare spawning was seen even in
First week of September. Size at first maturity was 60-61 mm.
Generating Vector Fields of the Metric Semi-Symmetric Connection on Almost Hyperbolic
Kaehlerian Manifolds
Authors: Negi Umraw Singh , Chauhan Preeti
Published: July 2021

Negi and Semwal (2011), have studied on almost Kaehlerian conformal recurrent and symmetric Manifolds. In this paper, we have defined and calculated Generating vector fields of the metric semi-symmetric connection (MS-Sc) on almost Hyperbolic Kaehlerian Manifolds and its some theorems established.
An Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants of Billawar Region, Jammu and Kashmir,
India
Authors: Kumar Rakesh , Sharma Vikas , Kumar Sudesh , Jaryan Vikrant
Published: July 2021

The present study was carried out in some interior regions of Billawar in Jammu and Kashmir Union Territory to collect the information of traditionally used and ethno-botanically important medicinal plants by the local communities. Proper identification of the plant species and their importance to the local people can provide useful information and play a pivotal role in efficient utilization of natural wealth. So, it is important to scientifically identify and document this natural wealth before they are lost forever. The field survey was conducted at different sites namely, Dewal, Billawar, Bhaddu, Sukrala, Koti Marhoon and Kishanpur of Kathua district from December
2019 to June 2020. During this study, a total of 64species of medicinal plants (including trees, shrubs herbs, and grasses) belonging to 40 families and 43 genera were identified and were commonly used by the local people to cure different diseases. Each recorded plant was identified for their economic importance and medicinal values for the
treatment of diseases like headache, toothache, epilepsy, gastric problem, skin disorders earache, pneumonia, jaundice, etc. Therefore, the present work was an attempt to document and compute which includes the collection and compilation of different plant species of the region.
Parallel Transport Frame of Smarandache Curves in Euclidean Space
Authors: Lal Shankar
Published: July 2021

In the present work, we introduce Parallel transport frames of Smarandache curves in Euclidean space. In the first section, we give the basic tools of a parallel transport frame of a curve in 4-dimensional Euclidean space. In the second section, we study Smarandache curve of Euclidean space in parallel transport frame, we solve a few theorems, corollaries and examples. Again third section, we define parallel transport frame to the Smarandache
curve and obtain some definitions and their apparatus. Further fourth section, we have also explained to Frenet frame of principal normal, binomial and their derivatives in the curvatures of the curve. In the end section, we discussed about the Smarandache curve in the Euclidean space of all apparatus Frenet-Serret in the differential geometry.
Macrozoobenthos of Basti Damar Stream in Rudraprayag District, Garhwal, Uttarakhand:
Diversity and Habitat Analysis
Authors: Mamgain Deeksha , Bahuguna Pankaj , Dobriyal Anoop Kumar , Rayal Rajesh
Published: July 2021

Basti Damar gad is a spring fed tributary of river Mandakini which is quite conducive for biodiversity. As the stream was unexplored, it was taken as an opportunity to investigate the stream for its habitat quality and diversity of benthic organisms. Stream was studied at two different spots one in more or less rhithron zone and the other one in near potamon zone during the year 2019-20. Comparatively, the Spot No 2 had more density (836 individules.m-2 ) and diversity (28genus) of macrozoobenthos than spot No 1 (127 individules. m-2 and 28 genus) which may be due to better substratum heterogeneity dominated by mixed forest, small gravels, small bolder, low water velocity, high water temperature, low canopy of stream area and good survival rate of periphyton on bottom in the stream. Also the water quality at this spot (comparatively low current velocity, moderate temperature, good amount of DO and high alkalinity and pH) was supportive for flourishing biota. The observations were statistically analysed using coefficient of correlation, coefficient of determination, regression, species similarity, dominance and
diversity indices.
Role of Kairomones in The Management of Sal Borer (Hoplocerambyx Spinicornis)
Population
Authors: Negi Sunita , Bhandari Raghubeer Singh
Published: July 2021

Hoplocerambyx spinicornis is a major pest of Sal which causes extensive damage to the Sal trees. As regard to the chemical control there is any likelihood of chemical control. The grub bores very deep into the heartwood and lodges itself inside chambers and galleries. Thus the present study deals with the multidisciplinary approach like the use of biocontrol agents (natural enemies), testing of kairomones, use of olfactrometer and the use of variously designed traps to manage the borers’ population. Kairomone is the alternate chemical attractant which contain flavanoids, terpenoids and amine compounds. Such methods avoid felling of trees which are used in controlling pest population since decades. Above methods being eco friendly and environmentally sound could manage the pest population up to certain economic threshold level.
Some Properties on Divine Kaehlerian Manifold
Authors: Patwel Kailash Chandra
Published: July 2021

Fibonacci sequence and the divine ratio are intimately inter-connected. In the Fibonacci sequence each number is the sum of previous two consecutive numbers and the ratio of any two consecutive numbers reflects the approximate value of divine ratio. The relationship between divine ratio and Fibonacci series is well express in divergent faunal anatomy and floral as well as their morphology. The present article is intended to study the properties of divine Kaehlerian manifold in terms of Fibonacci sequence, trace & eigen values of divine structure including its almost complex structures. Some properties of induced structures, theorems and propositions related to
it have also been studied.
Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Terminalia Bellirica Fruit Extract and Their
Characterization
Authors: Purohit Mahesh Chandra , Rawat Rashmi , Kandwal Anuj , Semwal Aditya Ram , Joshi Rakesh Kumar
Published: July 2021

Green synthesis is an appropriate method for the synthesis of Ag nanoparticles using Terminalia Bellirica fruit extracts. The change in color from light yellow to dark brown was observed by adding AgNO3 solution into fruit extracts. The Ag nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis (Ultraviolet-visible), XRD, TEM and FTIR. The reduction of Ag + into Ag 0 was observed by UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The silver nanoparticles were found to be crystalline in nature when observed in the X-Ray Diffraction analysis. The geometry of these silver nanoparticles is face centered cubic geometry. When observed in the Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analysis, these synthesized nanoparticles were found spherical in shape where their average size was less than 26 nanometers. FTIR peaks confirms the presence of phytochemicals which are responsible for reducing, capping and stabilizing the nanoparticles.
Changes in Landholding Pattern in The Eastern Himalayan State of Assam Since
Independence
Authors: Roy Suparna , Roy Niranjan
Published: July 2021

After the annexation of Assam in 1826, the British recognised certain estates created during Ahom rule but felt alterations in land use policy and enacted Regulations accordingly. The Land and Revenue Regulation 1886 governed the land relations during the colonial period and continued after independence in Assam. The land reforms
were initiated in the state and the country as a whole in the post-independence period. The study observed that significant inequalities prevail even after 70 years of adoption of land reforms measures regarding operational holdings among different size classes. The research suggests a holistic approach in land reforms implementation considering the agriculture sector's dependency on economic development in the state.
Assessment of Landslides Susceptibility in Giri Watershed, Northwest Himalaya, Himachal
Pradesh, India
Authors: Negi Raghuveer , Sati Saraswati Prasad , Kumar Deepak , Rana Sanjay Singh
Published: July 2021

The slope instability in the Himalayan terrain is a common phenomenon which is caused by a combination of the ongoing seismicity and climate variability (extreme weather evets). In addition to this, in the last few decades, the anthropogenic intervention in the form of various developmental activity (roads, hydropower projects, expansion of urban sectors etc.) have posed serious threat to slope stability. In this study we have evaluated the terrain status for landslide susceptibility in a monsoon fed Giri Watershed. An attempted has been made to decouple various causative factors of landslides susceptibility of the region using remote sensing and GIS techniques. Employing the Frequency ratio and the information value methods, the study observe that increasing incidences of landslides occur along the drainage in the lower valley sides, along the linear developmental activities
and settlement areas. Further the study observed a broad correlation between rock formation, lineaments, vegetation types, and slope steepness.
Drifting Behaviour of Aquatic Mites and Regulating Ecological Parameters in Khankragad
Stream, A Springfed Trubutary of Alaknanda River, Rudrarayag, Garhwal, Uttarakhand,
India
Authors: Negi Shailza , Bahuguna Pankaj , Dobriyal Anoop
Published: July 2021

Water mites are a large group of macroinvertebrates that are very vulnerable to contamination and environmental changes. As a result, they are often used to monitor water quality. Khankra gad stream, a third-order perennial spring-fed stream of the Alaknanda River in Uttarakhand, India, was studied to determine the drift behavior of water mites and water quality. Drift nets were set up for 24 hours in both spots of the Khankra stream where there was little or no human influence over a two-year sampling period (June 2018-20). Every four hours, the nets were changed out with new ones. Water mites signify a particular drift month and diel drift pattern. The majority of the drift mite species were present in considerably higher numbers in the daytime. During the two-year study period, a total of 2503 mite samples were collected from the Khankra stream, from which 204 water mite species drifted. The least number of Hydrachnidia (694) were collected from Spot-1, and the highest (1809) were collected from Spot-2, with 106 water mites drifting from Spot-1 and 134 mites drifting from Spot-2 during the
study period. From Spot-2 maximum 25 mite species were collected and minimum 19 mite species were collected from Spot-1. For various mite species, the DBDI value ranged from 0.155 (July) to 0.204 (April) in Spot-1 and 0.134 (July) to 0.149 (February) in Spot-2. It was also observed that maximum water mite species were day-drifter. The
physico-chemical parameters of the Khankra stream were also reported. The effect of ecological parameters on mite drift was investigated using Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA).
Inter –Linkages Between Climate Change Vulnerability and Inequality an Empirical Study
Across Hill, Foothill, Drought and Coastal Regions of West Bengal, India
Authors: Haldar Uttam , Basu Aishwarya
Published: July 2021

India is one of the vulnerable countries in the world in terms of climate events. The poor people and poor regions are badly affected by climate change. On the other hand, the reduction of vulnerability received a top priority in the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations. The present paper attempts to examine the inter-linkages between climate change vulnerability and inequality empirically across four agro-climatic regions of West Bengal like hill, foothill, drought and coastal regions. Vulnerability in the present paper is measured by adopting composite livelihood vulnerability index and income (consumption) inequality is measured by Gini coefficient. This is an empirical paper based on primary data collected from 627 households over 15 villages in different agro-climatic regions of West Bengal during 2018- 2019. The result of the paper showed that there is a positive correlation relation between income inequality (consumption) and vulnerability. The higher inequality is accompanied by higher vulnerability and vice versa. The study draws an important policy implication for reduction of vulnerability as well as reduction of inequality. The poverty reduction measures are not sufficient to reduce
inequality i.e., if inequalities are on the rise the anti-poverty measures cannot reduce such inequality.
Impact Of Lithology and Regional Climate Variability on Spring Characteristics Between
Uttarkashi and Harsil, Garhwal Himalaya, India
Authors: Kumar Amit , Naithani Nagendra Prasad
Published: July 2021

Spring characteristics are dependent upon the nature of lithology and precipitation in the region. The area is divided into two zones based on their lithological characters, viz: lesser Himalayan zone and Central Crystalline Zone for the hydrogeological study. Forty-five springs and four hot springs under different lithological controls were studied to understand spring discharges' response to regional climate variability. Four types of springs, fracture jointrelated springs, colluvial springs, Karst and seepages, and contact springs identified, which emanates from two geohydrological zones with in the study area. Colluvial springs yield are higher in comparison to the fracture jointrelated springs. The study revealed that the regional climatic pattern and precipitation pattern has a direct impact on spring hydrology.
Reflexões de Edith de Magalhães Fraenkel sobre o currículo de Enfermagem na década de 1940
Authors: Santiago Emiliane Silva , lluchesi Luciana Barizon , Oguisso Taka , Porto Fernando
Published: July 2021

Introdução: Edith de Magalhães Fraenkel foi responsável pela organização e criação da Escola de Enfermagem da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. No primeiro ano de funcionamento da escola, sua diretora lança uma série de artigos na Revista Médico-Social intitulados “Pontos do currículo para Escolas de Enfermagem”. Objetivo: analisar as reflexões de Prof.ª Edith de Magalhães Fraenkel sobre o currículo de enfermagem, publicadas na Revista Médico-Social, entre 1942 e 1943, e seus reflexos para a Escola de Enfermagem. Método: estudo de perspectiva histórica, sob a ótica da Micro-História. Resultados: o corpus documental foi constituído de sete artigos. O discurso sobre o currículo apresentou influência americana intermediada pelo envolvimento da Fundação Rockefeller junto à Universidade de São Paulo e mesmo na Revista Médico-Social, além do exemplo anglo-americano do modelo-padrão de enfermagem vigente à época. Considerações finais: as discussões da autora sobre recrutamento, carga horária, conteúdos curriculares, tempo de teoria e prática, conformação administrativa e relação escola-hospital, estratégias para evitar a exploração da mão de obra estudantil, também incorporam referências americanas, inclusive em virtude da formação da docente e sua complementação de estudos na América do Norte, com destaque para as ciências humanas e sociais na formação do enfermeiro.