bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Behavioral and epigenetic consequences of oxytocin treatment at birth
Authors: Kenkel W. M. , Perkeybile A.-M. , Yee J. R. , Pournajafi-Nazarloo H. , Lillard T. S. , Ferguson E. F. , Wroblewski K. L. , Ferris C. F. , Carter C. S. , Connelly J. J.
Published: May 2019

Maternally administered oxytocin leads to changes in offspring social behavior and neurobiology.
Pervasive hybridizations in the history of wheat relatives
Authors: Glémin Sylvain , Scornavacca Celine , Dainat Jacques , Burgarella Concetta , Viader Véronique , Ardisson Morgane , Sarah Gautier , Santoni Sylvain , David Jacques , Ranwez Vincent
Published: May 2019

A comprehensive phylogenomic analysis reveals that the genomes of cultivated wheats result from multiple rounds of hybridization.
Structural mechanism for regulation of the AAA-ATPases RUVBL1-RUVBL2 in the R2TP co-chaperone revealed by cryo-EM
Authors: Muñoz-Hernández Hugo , Pal Mohinder , Rodríguez Carlos F. , Fernandez-Leiro Rafael , Prodromou Chrisostomos , Pearl Laurence H. , Llorca Oscar
Published: May 2019

Cryo-EM reveals the remodeling of RUVBL1-RUVBL2 ATPases by the client recruitment component in the HSP90 co-chaperone R2TP.
Population Pharmacokinetics of Anidulafungin in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Luque S. , Hope W. , Campillo N. , Muñoz-Bermúdez R. , Sorli L. , Barceló-Vidal J. , González-Colominas E. , Alvarez-Lerma F. , Masclans J. R. , Montero M. , Horcajada J. P. , Grau S.
Published: May 2019

A two-compartment pharmacokinetic (PK) population model of anidulafungin was fitted to PK data from 23 critically ill patients (age, 65 years [range, 28 to 81 years]; total body weight [TBW], 75 kg [range, 54 to 168 kg]). TBW was associated with clearance and incorporated into a final population PK model.
Alternative Sigma Factor RpoX Is a Part of the RpoE Regulon and Plays Distinct Roles in Stress Responses, Motility, Biofilm Formation, and Hemolytic Activities in the Marine Pathogen Vibrio alginolyticus
Authors: Gu Dan , Zhang Jun , Hao Yuan , Xu Rongjing , Zhang Yuanxing , Ma Yue , Wang Qiyao
Published: May 2019

The alternative sigma factor RpoE is essential for the virulence of
Vibrio alginolyticus
toward marine fish, coral, and other animals in response to sea surface temperature increases. In this study, we characterized another alternative sigma factor, RpoX, which is induced at high temperatures and under low-osmotic-stress conditions. The expression of
rpoX
is under the tight control of RpoE and RpoX. Although RpoE and RpoX coregulate 105 genes, they are programming different regulatory functions in stress responses and virulence in
V. alginolyticus
. These findings illuminated the RpoE-RpoX-centered regulatory cascades and their distinct and overlapping regulatory roles in
V. alginolyticus
, which facilitates unraveling of the mechanisms by which the bacterium causes diseases in various sea animals in response to temperature fluctuations as well as the development of appropriate strategies to tackle infections by this bacterium.
Draft Whole-Genome Sequences of Three Isolates of a Novel Strain of a
Campylobacter
sp. Isolated from New Zealand Birds and Water
Authors: Wilkinson David A. , Midwinter Anne C. , Kwan Errol , Bloomfield Samuel J. , French Nigel P. , Biggs Patrick J.
Published: May 2019

Campylobacter
spp. are frequently found associated with the avian intestinal tract. Most are commensals, but some can cause human campylobacteriosis.
First Complete Genome Sequence of Haematobacter massiliensis OT1 (Chromosome and Multiple Plasmids), Isolated from Human Skin
Authors: Lim Jae Yun , Ganzorig Munkhtsatsral , Huang Shir-Ly , Lee Kyoung
Published: May 2019

Haematobacter massiliensis
OT1 was isolated from human skin. This strain can catabolize 4-hydroxybenzoate.
Complete Genome Sequences of Two USA300-Related Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates
Authors: McClure Jo-Ann , Zhang Kunyan
Published: May 2019

USA300 is a predominant community-associated methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
strain causing significant morbidity and mortality in North America. We present the full annotated genome sequences of two methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
isolates related to the USA300 pulsotype with the goal of studying the evolutionary relationships of this highly successful strain type.
Over-the-counter natural products in cardiac surgery: a case of ginseng-related massive perioperative bleeding
Authors: Viviano Alessandro , Steele Duncan , Edsell Mark , Jahangiri Marjan
Published: May 2019

We present a case of massive perioperative bleeding due to severe coagulopathy following urgent aortic and mitral valve replacement. Bleeding was persistent despite prolonged and meticulous surgical haemostasis and required high-volume blood products transfusions. No obvious cause was found to justify the severity of the coagulopathy, which was later attributed to high preoperative intake of ginseng.

This case highlights the powerful activity of certain over-the-counter remedies on haemostasis, in this particular case on coagulation status. This also reminds us the paramount importance of a sound and comprehensive drug history for surgical patients.
Heterotopic pancreatic tissue associated with type 1 choledochal cyst, cystolithiasis and gall bladder stones: a rare entity with review of literature
Authors: Arora Aditi , Singh Pradyumn , Anand Nidhi , Husain Nuzhat
Published: May 2019

Choledochal cyst is a rare congenital malformation, particularly when associated with stones in cyst (cystolithiasis), gallstones and heterotopic pancreatic tissue within the cyst wall. The current case represents a 5-year-old boy with abdominal pain, pale colored stools, and jaundice. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography showed a cystic lesion, arising from common bile duct with cystolithiasis and cholelithiasis. He underwent excision of choledochal cyst and gallbladder with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy. Microscopic examination showed a cyst wall composed of fibrocollagenous tissue lined by cuboidal to low columnar epithelium. The subserosal layer of cyst wall showed presence of heterotopic exocrine pancreatic tissue comprising of pancreatic acinar cells and ducts. We report the first case of heterotopic pancreatic tissue associated with choledochal cyst and cystolithiasis and cholelithiasis occurring at the same time.
A tale of two vasculitides: biopsy-proven giant cell arteritis followed by the independent development of renal-limited microscopic polyangiitis
Authors: Zuckerman Roman , Patel Mayur , Alpert Deborah R
Published: May 2019

We describe an 80-year-old woman who presented with headaches, bilateral jaw claudication and visual symptoms. She was diagnosed with giant cell arteritis, which was confirmed by temporal artery biopsy. She was treated with high-dose prednisone followed by a slow taper, with complete resolution of symptoms. Approximately 4 years later, she developed progressively worsening renal function associated with haematuria. Serological workup revealed a high-titre perinuclear antinuclear cytoplasmic antibody and antibodies to myeloperoxidase. Renal biopsy demonstrated a pauci-immune focal crescentic glomerulonephritis. Extensive review of systems, physical exam and diagnostic studies demonstrated no evidence of extra-renal disease, and she was diagnosed with renal-limited microscopic polyangiitis. High-dose prednisone was resumed, but she refused treatment with either cyclophosphamide or rituximab due to concern for toxicity. Her prednisone dose was tapered and renal function stabilised. Our case highlights the need to recognise the successive occurrence of two distinct vasculitides in a single patient and monitor accordingly.
Mid-aortic syndrome secondary to Takayasu’s disease
Authors: Cheng Kai Chun Andrew , Li Yan-Lin
Published: May 2019

A 24-year-old young woman with good past health presented with hypertension during body check. Blood erythrocyte sedimentary rate level was elevated. CT and MR angiography revealed moderate stenosis of abdominal aorta and bilaterally renal arteries. She was diagnosed with mid-aortic syndrome caused by Takayasu arteritis based on clinical, radiological and pathological findings. She was treated with abdominal aorta resection, graft replacement and aorta-renal bypass. Pathology was compatible with Takayasu arteritis. Postoperatively, her blood pressure was normalised. She was prescribed with long-term prednisolone and aspirin for her arteritis.
Association between acute ischemic stroke etiology and macroscopic aspect of retrieved clots: is a clot’s color a warning light for underlying pathologies?
Authors: Sgreccia Alessandro , Duchmann Zoé , Desilles Jean Philippe , Lapergue Bertrand , Labreuche Julien , Kyheng Maeva , Bourcier Romain , Consoli Arturo
Published: May 2019

Background

Few case reports have considered the chromatic aspect of retrieved clots and the possible association with their underlying etiology.

Objective

The aim of our study was to analyze the frequency of the TOAST ischemic stroke typical (atrial fibrillation, dissection, atheroma) and atypical (infective endocarditis, cancer-related, valve-related thrombi) etiologies depending on the chromatic aspect of retrieved clots.

Methods

A total of 255 anonymized and standardized clot photos of consecutive patients treated by mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke were included. A double-blind evaluation was performed by two senior interventional neuroradiologists, who classified the visual aspects of the clots into two main patterns: red/black or white. Main patient characteristics, distribution of underlying stroke etiologies, and outcomes were compared between the two study groups.

Results

The inter-reader agreement for clot colors was excellent (k=0.78). Two hundred and thirty-three patients were classified as having red/black clots and 22 as having white clots. A statistically significant association (p=0.001) between atypical etiologies and white clots was observed.

Conclusions

White clots were significantly associated with atypical etiologies in this cohort,in particular, with infectious endocarditis.
Development and verification of numerical study to calculate focal points of temperature in helium cooled ceramic blanket (HCCB) system in CFETR
Authors: Khan Shahab Ud-Din , Khan Salah Ud-Din , Khan Riaz , Song Yuntao , Hussain Shahid , Haider Sajjad
Published: May 2019

In this paper, a novel theoretical model has been developed to obtain focal points of temperatures in helium cooled ceramic breeder (HCCB) blanket system of China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR). The main objective of the paper is to develop a theoretical-computational model for safety of blanket system, structure stress analysis and feasibility design. The theoretical-computational model was developed and verified by computational techniques using C++/MATLAB program and later with thermo-hydraulic system codes, i.e. RELAP5 and THEATRE. Mathematical model was developed for the thermal conductivity in HCCB blanket system and heat conduction model by using numerical technique. This model was then transferred to C++/MATLAB program and developed a program for calculating the thermal contact temperature of HCCB region. The calculated temperature values were then compared with RELAP5 and THEATRE codes for the accuracy of theoretical model. The preliminary thermal-hydraulic simulation results indicate that the maximum temperature on the first wall (FW) satisfies the design allowable limit and that the cooling channels were designed accurately. The results obtained from these analyses are very close to the experimentally defined values depicting the accuracy of theoretical and simulation results. The calculated results can be applicable to other tokamak devices like CFETR, ITER and JET as well.
Rings with xn − x nilpotent
Authors: Koşan M. Tamer , Yildirim Tülay , Zhou Y.
Published: May 2019

For [Formula: see text] and for a ring [Formula: see text], the notation [Formula: see text] means that [Formula: see text] is nilpotent for all [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] means that [Formula: see text] has identity [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is nil, where [Formula: see text] is the Jacobson radical of [Formula: see text]. In this paper, rings [Formula: see text] for which [Formula: see text] holds are completely characterized for integers [Formula: see text] up to [Formula: see text], for [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] odd, and for [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text]. For an arbitrary integer [Formula: see text], we prove that [Formula: see text] for all rings [Formula: see text] if and only if [Formula: see text] is even with [Formula: see text], or [Formula: see text] is odd with [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text].
Polaroid operators and Weyl type theorems
Authors: Mecheri Salah , Braha Naim L.
Published: May 2019

Let [Formula: see text] be a [Formula: see text]-quasiposinormal operator on a complex Hilbert space [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we give basic properties for [Formula: see text] and we show that a [Formula: see text]-quasiposinormal operator [Formula: see text] is polaroid. We also prove that all Weyl type theorems (generalized or not) hold and are equivalent for [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is an analytic function defined on a neighborhood of [Formula: see text].
Recent development and prospect of potassium-ion batteries with high energy and high safety for post-lithium batteries
Authors: An Yongling , Liu Yining , Tian Yuan , Xu Xiaoyan , Ma Yuxin , Wei Hao , Ma Cui , Feng Jinkui
Published: May 2019

Potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) have fascinated great interest due to their lower redox potential, low cost and abundant reserve. Other advantage of KIBs is that graphite can be used as anode for KIBs. Many materials have been explored as the electrode and electrolyte for KIBs. In this review, we offer an initial overview of up-to-date researches as well as expectation for KIBs.
A Survey of Chip-level Thermal Simulators
Authors: Sultan Hameedah , Chauhan Anjali , Sarangi Smruti R.
Published: May 2019

Thermal modeling and simulation have become imperative in recent years owing to the increased power density of high performance microprocessors. Temperature is a first-order design criteria, and hence special consideration has to be given to it in every stage of the design process. If not properly accounted for, temperature can have disastrous effects on the performance of the chip, often leading to failure. To streamline research efforts, there is a strong need for a comprehensive survey of the techniques and tools available for thermal simulation. This will help new researchers entering the field to quickly familiarize themselves with the state of the art and enable existing researchers to further improve upon their proposed techniques. In this article, we present a survey of the package level thermal simulation techniques developed over the past two decades.
Handcrafted and Deep Trackers
Authors: Fiaz Mustansar , Mahmood Arif , Javed Sajid , Jung Soon Ki
Published: May 2019

In recent years, visual object tracking has become a very active research area. An increasing number of tracking algorithms are being proposed each year. It is because tracking has wide applications in various real-world problems such as human-computer interaction, autonomous vehicles, robotics, surveillance, and security just to name a few. In the current study, we review latest trends and advances in the tracking area and evaluate the robustness of different trackers based on the feature extraction methods. The first part of this work includes a comprehensive survey of the recently proposed trackers. We broadly categorize trackers into Correlation Filter based Trackers (CFTs) and Non-CFTs. Each category is further classified into various types based on the architecture and the tracking mechanism. In the second part of this work, we experimentally evaluated 24 recent trackers for robustness and compared handcrafted and deep feature based trackers. We observe that trackers using deep features performed better, though in some cases a fusion of both increased performance significantly. To overcome the drawbacks of the existing benchmarks, a new benchmark Object Tracking and Temple Color (OTTC) has also been proposed and used in the evaluation of different algorithms. We analyze the performance of trackers over 11 different challenges in OTTC and 3 other benchmarks. Our study concludes that Discriminative Correlation Filter (DCF) based trackers perform better than the others. Our study also reveals that inclusion of different types of regularizations over DCF often results in boosted tracking performance. Finally, we sum up our study by pointing out some insights and indicating future trends in the visual object tracking field.
SIGCSE technical symposium 2019 report
Authors: Hawthorne Elizabeth K. , Pérez-Quiñones Manuel A. , Heckman Sarah , Zhang Jian
Published: May 2019

SIGCSE celebrated its 50th Technical Symposium in Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA from February 27 to March 2, 2019. We were delighted to have served as Symposium and Program co-chairs of the symposium. In spite of the historic 30.4 inches of record snowfall during the month of February, the Golden Anniversary of the Technical Symposium broke another record with 1809 attendees!
ITiCSE 2019 preview
Authors: McDermott Roger , Scharlau Bruce
Published: May 2019

This year, ITiCSE will be held in the North-East of Scotland, hosted by the University of Aberdeen. The Conference programme runs from 15th to 17th July with Working Groups and the Doctoral Consortium starting with a preliminary meeting on the evening of 12th July.
Vote for the next SIGCSE board
Authors: Rodger Susan
Published: May 2019

The election for the next SIGCSE Board is upon us. The candidate slate was announced by ACM in January, appeared in the SIGCSE Bulletin January 2019 edition, and is listed below. SIGCSE members should have received an email from ACM on April 2 to start voting. This email included biographical information and a statement from each candidate. The voting period will last through June 14. The new officers will be announced about ten days later. The new officers will take office starting July 1, 2019. The new board's term will run through June 2022 of SIGCSE. ACM included instructions when it sent out the slate to SIGCSE members at the beginning of April.
Special projects grants
Authors: Sheard Judithe
Published: May 2019

The SIGCSE Board invites applications for the next round of SIGCSE Special Project Grants. The deadline for this round is May 15 2019.
US Labor Studies in the Twenty-First Century: Understanding Laborism Without Labor
Authors: Rosenfeld Jake
Published: May 2019

In recent years, labor studies has flourished even as labor unions in the United States have continued their long-term downward trajectory. One strain of this research has situated the labor movement, and its decline, at the center of economic inequality's rise in the United States. Another has explored the labor movement's interconnections with political dynamics in the contemporary United States, including how labor's demise has reshaped the polity and policies. This body of scholarship also offers insights into recent stirrings of labor resurgence, ranging from the teachers’ strikes of 2017 to the Fight for 15 minimum wage initiatives. Yet the field's reliance on official union membership rates as the standard measure of union strength, and on official strike statistics as the standard measure of union activism, prevents it from fully understanding the scope and durability of worker activism in the post-Wagner age.
LncRNA MALAT1, an lncRNA acting via the miR-204/ZEB1 pathway, mediates the EMT induced by organic extract of PM2.5 in lung bronchial epithelial cells
Authors: Luo Fei , Wei Hongying , Guo Huaqi , Li Yan , Feng Yan , Bian Qian , Wang Yan
Published: May 2019

Extensive cohort studies have explored the hazards of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter 2.5 μm or smaller (PM2.5) to human respiratory health; however, the molecular mechanisms for PM2.5 carcinogenesis are poorly understood. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in various pathophysiological processes. In the present study, we investigated the effect of PM2.5 on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in lung bronchial epithelial cells and the underlying mechanisms mediated by an lncRNA. Organic extracts of PM2.5 from Shanghai were used to treat human bronchial epithelial cell lines (HBE and BEAS-2B). The PM2.5 organic extracts induced the EMT and cell transformation. High levels of metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), mediated by NF-κB, were involved in the EMT process. For both cell lines, there was a similar response. In addition, MALAT1 interacted with miR-204 and reversed the inhibitory effect of its target gene, ZEB1, thereby contributing to the EMT and malignant transformation. In sum, these findings show that NF-κB transcriptionally regulates MALAT1, which, by binding with miR-204 and releasing ZEB1, promotes the EMT. These results offer an understanding of the regulatory network of the PM2.5-induced EMT that relates to the health risks associated with PM2.5.
Mathematical modeling informs the impact of changes in circadian rhythms and meal patterns on insulin secretion
Authors: Bae Seul-A , Androulakis Ioannis P.
Published: May 2019

Disruption of circadian rhythms has been associated with metabolic syndromes, including obesity and diabetes. A variety of metabolic activities are under circadian modulation, as local and global clock gene knockouts result in glucose imbalance and increased risk of metabolic diseases. Insulin release from the pancreatic β cells exhibits daily variation, and recent studies have found that insulin secretion, not production, is under circadian modulation. As consideration of daily variation in insulin secretion is necessary to accurately describe glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, we describe a mathematical model that incorporates the circadian modulation via insulin granule trafficking. We use this model to understand the effect of oscillatory characteristics on insulin secretion at different times of the day. Furthermore, we integrate the dynamics of clock genes under the influence of competing environmental signals (light/dark cycle and feeding/fasting cycle) and demonstrate how circadian disruption and meal size distribution change the insulin secretion pattern over a 24-h day.
Selective EGLN Inhibition Enables Ablative Radiotherapy and Improves Survival in Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Fujimoto Tara N. , Colbert Lauren E. , Huang Yanqing , Molkentine Jessica M. , Deorukhkar Amit , Baseler Laura , de la Cruz Bonilla Marimar , Yu Meifang , Lin Daniel , Gupta Sonal , Cabeceiras Peter K. , Kingsley Charles V. , Tailor Ramesh C. , Sawakuchi Gabriel O. , Koay Eugene J. , Piwnica-Worms Helen , Maitra Anirban , Taniguchi Cullen M.
Published: May 2019

When pancreatic cancer cannot be removed surgically, patients frequently experience morbidity and death from progression of their primary tumor. Radiation therapy (RT) cannot yet substitute for an operation because radiation causes fatal bleeding and ulceration of the nearby stomach and intestines before achieving tumor control. There are no FDA-approved medications that prevent or reduce radiation-induced gastrointestinal injury. Here, we overcome this fundamental problem of anatomy and biology with the use of the oral EGLN inhibitor FG-4592, which selectively protects the intestinal tract from radiation toxicity without protecting tumors. A total of 70 KPC mice with autochthonous pancreatic tumors received oral FG-4592 or vehicle control ± ablative RT to a cumulative 75 Gy administered in 15 daily fractions to a limited tumor field. Although ablative RT reduced complications from local tumor progression, fatal gastrointestinal bleeding was observed in 56% of mice that received high-dose RT with vehicle control. However, radiation-induced bleeding was completely ameliorated in mice that received high-dose RT with FG-4592 (0% bleeding, P < 0.0001 compared with vehicle). Furthermore, FG-4592 reduced epithelial apoptosis by half (P = 0.002) and increased intestinal microvessel density by 80% compared with vehicle controls. EGLN inhibition did not stimulate cancer growth, as treatment with FG-4592 alone, or overexpression of HIF2 within KPC tumors independently improved survival. Thus, we provide a proof of concept for the selective protection of the intestinal tract by the EGLN inhibition to enable ablative doses of cytotoxic therapy in unresectable pancreatic cancer by reducing untoward morbidity and death from radiation-induced gastrointestinal bleeding.

Significance:

Selective protection of the intestinal tract by EGLN inhibition enables potentially definitive doses of radiation therapy. This might allow radiation to be a surgical surrogate for unresectable pancreatic cancer.
Role of Apelin in Glioblastoma Vascularization and Invasion after Anti-VEGF Therapy: What Is the Impact on the Immune System?
Authors: Amoozgar Zohreh , Jain Rakesh K. , Duda Dan G.
Published: May 2019

The limited efficacy of current antiangiogenic therapies calls for a better understanding of the specific resistance mechanisms in glioblastoma (GBM) and the urgent development of new therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways. In this issue of Cancer Research, Mastrella and colleagues reported that expression of the proangiogenic peptide apelin (APLN) was decreased and GBM cell invasion was increased after anti-VEGF therapy in preclinical models of GBM. Using the mutant form of the natural apelin-13 peptide, the authors showed reduction of both angiogenesis and invasion in the GBM models, and further increased the efficacy of anti-VEGF therapy. VEGF blockade is still widely used as salvage therapy for recurrent GBM, therefore these intriguing results have potential translational implications as they point to a potential new strategy to overcome VEGF blockade resistance; however, they also raise important questions for the clinical translation of this strategy, and its impact on antitumor responses, in particular immune responses.

See related article by Mastrella et al., p. 2298
Association between Cigarette Smoking and Histotype-Specific Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: A Review of Epidemiologic Studies
Authors: Zhou Aili , Minlikeeva Albina N. , Khan Sadat , Moysich Kirsten B.
Published: May 2019

Many studies have demonstrated that smoking can influence ovarian cancer risk and survival; however, the number of studies investigating this relationship according to histologic subtypes is limited. We conducted a review of epidemiologic research that assessed the role of smoking on ovarian cancer risk and survival after diagnosis, specifically capturing studies that discerned between various histologic subtypes of this disease. In the majority of studies, current smoking was associated with increased risk of mucinous cancer. There was also evidence of a decreased risk of clear cell and endometrioid histotypes. No significant association was observed between cigarette smoking and serous cancer. In the studies investigating the relationship between smoking and survival, all the studies reported an increased risk of mortality associated with smoking. Smoking appeared to be a risk factor for both ovarian cancer risk and mortality. Future studies need to investigate further a potential link between smoking and ovarian cancer by having a better assessment of exposure to smoking and having a larger number of participants with the ability to detect associations within rare histotypes.
Oral Mucosal Organoids as a Potential Platform for Personalized Cancer Therapy
Authors: Driehuis Else , Kolders Sigrid , Spelier Sacha , Lõhmussaar Kadi , Willems Stefan M. , Devriese Lot A. , de Bree Remco , de Ruiter Emma J. , Korving Jeroen , Begthel Harry , van Es Johan H. , Geurts Veerle , He Gui-Wei , van Jaarsveld Richard H. , Oka Rurika , Muraro Mauro J. , Vivié Judith , Zandvliet Maurice M.J.M. , Hendrickx Antoni P.A. , Iakobachvili Nino , Sridevi Priya , Kranenburg Onno , van Boxtel Ruben , Kops Geert J.P.L. , Tuveson David A. , Peters Peter J. , van Oudenaarden Alexander , Clevers Hans
Published: May 2019

Previous studies have described that tumor organoids can capture the diversity of defined human carcinoma types. Here, we describe conditions for long-term culture of human mucosal organoids. Using this protocol, a panel of 31 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC)–derived organoid lines was established. This panel recapitulates genetic and molecular characteristics previously described for HNSCC. Organoids retain their tumorigenic potential upon xenotransplantation. We observe differential responses to a panel of drugs including cisplatin, carboplatin, cetuximab, and radiotherapy in vitro. Additionally, drug screens reveal selective sensitivity to targeted drugs that are not normally used in the treatment of patients with HNSCC. These observations may inspire a personalized approach to the management of HNSCC and expand the repertoire of HNSCC drugs.

Significance:

This work describes the culture of organoids derived from HNSCC and corresponding normal epithelium. These tumoroids recapitulate the disease genetically, histologically, and functionally. In vitro drug screening of tumoroids reveals responses to therapies both currently used in the treatment of HNSCC and those not (yet) used in clinical practice.

See related commentary by Hill and D'Andrea, p. 828.

This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 813
O capitalismo e a apropriação da natureza: usos, consequências e resistências
Authors: Araújo Gracieda Dos Santos
Published: May 2019

Este artigo se propõe a discutir a problemática ambiental vivida na atual sociedade, trazendo para o debate teórico concepções sobre os modelos de produção agrícola do agronegócio e da agricultura camponesa. Tudo isso, a partir da abordagem do materialismo histórico-dialético, conforme a perspectiva de Marx. Observa-se que, com o advento das políticas neoliberais, o país tem organizado suas economias em torno da industrialização da agricultura, orientada para a exportação, gerando uma série de problemas de ordem socioeconômica e ambiental, cujos impactos são sumamente negativos para a saúde pública, às comunidades tradicionais e, sobretudo, para a soberania alimentar. Nesta perspectiva, analisam-se os desafios da construção da agroecologia, como matriz produtiva para o campo brasileiro, tendo em vista um projeto de sociedade e de desenvolvimento alternativo ao paradigma capitalista.
Espetáculo, alienação espacial e queda tendencial do valor de uso na obra de Guy Debord
Authors: Gonçalves Glauco Roberto
Published: May 2019

A noção de espetáculo na obra de Guy Debord é, simultaneamente, largamente usada e pouco conhecida. Não raras as vezes o espetáculo espetaculariza-se. Não menos frequente usa-se o espetáculo como mero sinônimo dos meios de comunicação em massa. Este texto procura abordar alguns pressupostos constitutivos da noção de espetáculo, bem como sua relação necessária com Marx, Hegel e Luckács (dentre outros nem sempre menos importantes). Diferentemente do espetáculo, os conceitos de alienação espacial e de queda tendencial do valor de uso, presentes e imanentes à obra debordiana, não são tão disseminados e utilizados. Tais conceitos são abordados neste texto buscando ampliar sua compreensão bem como suas fortes possibilidades de relação e utilização nas pesquisas e estudos em Geografia Humana.
A produção de periódicos na geografia
Authors: Antas Junior Ricardo Mendes
Published: May 2019

Editorial para a Revista Geousp - espaço e tempo
Petrologia e Geocronologia U-Pb (Shrimp) do Granito Coimbra – Registro do Arco Magmático Amoguijá na Região de Corumbá (MS)
Authors: Santos Gabriela Dos , Ruiz Amarildo Salina , Souza Maria Zélia Aguiar de , Batata Maria Elisa Fróes , Cabrera Rafael Ferreira , Lafon Jean-Michel
Published: May 2019

O Granito Coimbra representa parte do embasamento da região de Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul. Esse corpo é composto das fácies porfirítica rosa, média a grossa cinza e fina rosa. Uma fase de deformação de caráter compressivo (F1) gerou uma foliação expressiva N10-20E nesse corpo, com a formação de zonas de cisalhamento paralelas. Posterior à deposição das coberturas neoproterozoicas, uma fase de deformação rúptil (F2) gerou falhas e fraturas. O granito estudado apresenta composição intermediária a ácida, gerado em ambiente de arco magmático a partir de um magmatismo calcioalcalino, metaluminoso a peraluminoso de natureza magnesiana, sendo caracterizada, litoquimicamente, como tonalitos, granodioritos, granitos e álcali granitos. A idade de cristalização U-Pb/SHRIMP em zircão é de 1859 ± 4 Ma, e os dados isotópicos Sm/Nd em rocha total indicaram valores εNd(1,86Ga) de -1,35 e idade modelo TDM de 2,27 Ga, que sugere a participação de uma fonte riaciana na origem do magma. As similaridades petrográficas, litoquímicas, geocronológicas e isotópicas entre o Granito Coimbra, o Granito Taquaral e as intrusões abrigadas na Suíte Intrusiva Alumiador do Bloco Rio Apa, sugerem que o Granito Coimbra pertença ao magmatismo representado por essa suíte e, consequentemente, ao Arco Magmático Amoguijá do Bloco Rio Apa.
Taxonomic novelties in Andean Senecioneae (Compositae)
Authors: CALVO JOEL , ARNELAS ITZIAR , MINGA DANILO
Published: May 2019

Two new Andean species belonging to the tribe Senecioneae (Compositae) are described herein, i.e., Dendrophorbium azoguesense from Ecuador and D. varicosum from Bolivia. The species Pentacalia todziae is recorded for the first time in Ecuador and the names Dendrophorbium onae and D. onae var. leonis synonymized to D. scytophyllum. Taxonomic discussions and diagnostic characters to differentiate each species are provided, as well as a distribution map and pictures of living plants when available.
Deep-water decapod crustaceans studied with a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) in the Marquesas Islands, French Polynesia (Crustacea: Decapoda)
Authors: POUPIN JOSEPH , CORBARI LAURE , PÉREZ THIERRY , CHEVALDONNÉ PIERRE
Published: May 2019

Decapod crustaceans were studied in the Marquesas Islands, French Polynesia, between 50–550 m by using a remotelyoperated vehicle (ROV) equipped with high resolution cameras and an articulated arm. Careful examination of videos andphotographs combined with previous inventories made in the area with conventional gears allowed the identification of30 species, including 20 species-level determinations. Species identified belong to shrimps (Penaeoidea, Stenopodidea,and Caridea), lobsters (Astacidea and Achelata), anomurans (Galatheoidea and Paguroidea), and brachyuran crabs(Dromioidea, Homolodromioidea, Raninoidea, Leucosioidea, Majoidea, Parthenopoidea, Portunoidea, and Trapezioidea).Most of these species were observed and photographed in situ for the first time. A discussion is given on the geographic distribution, density, ecology, and behavior.
Thryssatrema hanumantharaoi n. gen., n. sp. (Digenea: Fellodistomidae) from the longjaw thryssa, Thryssa setirostris (Clupeiformes: Engraulidae), of the Visakhapatnam coast, Bay of Bengal
Authors: SAILAJA B. , MADHAVI ROKKAM
Published: May 2019

Thryssatrema hanumantharaoi n. sp., representing a new genus of fellodistomid digenean, is described from a clupeoidfish, the longjaw thryssa, Thryssa setirostris, collected from the coast of Visakhapatnam, Bay of Bengal. The new genusis characterized by possessing a combination of the following features: An elongate body; poorly developed suckers; twooval, symmetrical testes situated in the posterior half of the hindbody; a cirrus sac that extends posterior to the ventralsucker; a bipartite seminal vesicle; a median genital pore situated immediately anterior to the ventral sucker; a lobed,pretesticular ovary; uterine coils that fill the entire hindbody; small eggs, elliptical vitelline follicles forming two zonesanterolateral to the ovary; and a V-shaped excretory bladder. The new genus shows affinities to Prudhoeus and Elopsiumbut differs from the former in the body shape (elliptical versus oval), and by having poorly developed suckers, moreposteriorly located gonads and elliptical vitelline follicles arranged in two lateral zones in front of ovary. It differs fromElopsium mainly in the body shape (elliptical versus rounded) and distribution of vitelline follicles and in the V-shaped excretory bladder.
A new Ankothrips species (Thysanoptera: Melanthripidae) from Iran with unusually short setae
Authors: MINAEI KAMBIZ , HAFTBARADARAN FARINAZ , MOUND LAURENCE
Published: May 2019

Ankothrips zayandicus sp. n. is described from Isfahan province, central Iran. It is unique among Ankothrips species, alsounusual among Melanthripidae, in having no long setae on the head and pronotum. Problems are discussed in defining genera in Melanthripidae and Thripidae on the basis of pronotal setae.
New species of Psychodidae (Diptera) from Australasia, with a checklist of the world species of Bruchomyiinae and Sycoracinae
Authors: CURLER GREGORY R. , JACOBSON AMANDA J.
Published: May 2019

Adults of one new species of Bruchomyiinae and five new species of Sycoracinae were collected from Australia and New Caledonia, respectively.  Nemopalpus glyphanos sp. nov., Sycorax furca sp. nov., S. sinuosa sp. nov., S. spina sp. nov., S. tridentata sp. nov., and S. webbi sp. nov. are described, and Sycorax dispar Satchell from New Zealand is redescribed.  A key to males of Sycorax species known to occur in New Caledonia, and a checklist of the world species of Bruchomyiinae and Sycoracinae are provided.  Characters of the male genital tract, and relationships among Australasian Bruchomyiinae and Sycoracinae are discussed.
Systematic review of the Dasymutilla monticola species-group (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae): using phylogenetics to address species-group placement and sex associations
Authors: WILLIAMS KEVIN A. , MANLEY DONALD G. , DEYRUP MARK , VON DOHLEN CAROL , PITTS JAMES P.
Published: May 2019

Using the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS) 1 and 2, the phylogeny of the Dasymutilla monticola species-group is reconstructed. The purpose of this analysis is to determine the monophyly of the D. monticola species-group and to determine the species-group placement of numerous unplaced Dasymutilla species. Taxonomic changes are made based on these results. New synonymy is proposed for Mutilla birkmani Melander 1903, ♀ (=Dasymutilla corcyra Mickel 1928, ♀, syn. nov.; =Dasymutilla arcana Mickel 1928, ♂, syn. nov.), Mutilla macilenta Blake 1871, ♂ (=Dasymutilla chattahoochei Bradley 1916, ♀, syn. nov.), Dasymutilla saetigera Mickel 1928, ♀ (=Dasymutilla polia Mickel 1928, ♂, syn. nov.). The currently associated male of D. chattahoochei belongs to D. arenerronea (♀), stat. resurr., which was previously recognized as a synonym of D. chattahoochei. The currently recognized male of D. archboldi belongs to D. vesta; the true male of D. archboldi is newly described. Dasymutilla vesta, D. radkei, and D. archboldi are transferred into the D. monticola species-group. A male identified as D. fasciventris (♂), which has gray apical tergal setae like many males of the D. monticola species-group, was recognized as a member of the D. quadriguttata species-group; the true D. fasciventris was not studied. Dasymutilla chalcocephala (♀) and D. spilota (♀), which bear a superficial resemblance to the D. monticola species-group, are determined to not belong to any currently recognized species-group. Inferences are made about the homology of tubercles on the female’s posterior margin of the head, the necessity for phylogenetic research on species-group placement, and the necessity for both morphological and molecular data.
Two new eriophyoid mite species (Acari: Prostigmata: Eriophyidae) on Euphorbia spp. (Euphorbiaceae) from Iran
Authors: LOTFOLLAHI PARISA , IRANI-NEJAD KARIM HADDAD , KHANJANI MOHAMAD , MOGHADAM MOHAMAD , DE LILLO ENRICO
Published: May 2019

Eriophyoid mites infesting spurges (Euphorbiaceae) were surveyed in Kandovan and Govgan, southwest of East Azerbai-jan Province in Iran, during 2010 and 2011. Two new species are described and illustrated: Aculops seguieranae n. sp.from Euphorbia seguierana Necker and Euphorbia cheiradenia Boiss. et Hohen, and Aceria cheiradeniae n. sp. from E. cheiradenia. No damage symptoms were observed.
First report of Epistylis unioi Gong 1986 (Sessilida: Epistylididae) infecting fry of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco in Hubei, China
Authors: LI MING , LI WEIDONG , GE XIANPING , WANG CHONG , ZHANG LIN , HUANG FENG , LIU HUIYU
Published: May 2019

The peritrich Epistylis unioi Gong, 1986 was collected from fry of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco during parasite surveys at Hon-ghu Lake Fish Hatchery, Hubei Province, central China in May 2010 and redescribed. Some revisions were done basedon live, silver-impregnated, and SEM specimens. The zooid is elongated and somewhat vase-like in shape, measuring56–88 × 22–38 µm in vivo. A single contractile vacuole is apically located slightly below the peristome disc. The macro-nucleus is horseshoe-shaped, always transversely situated at the foreside of the body. Haplokinety (H) and polykinety (Po)complete one and one-half circuits on the peristome before entering the infundibulum, with a distal kinetal fragment pres-ent at the distal end. Silverline system consists of 37–45 pellicular striations between peristome and aboral trochal band(TB), and of 26–33 between TB and scopula. Colony is asymmetrically and dichotomously branched, usually with onlytwo levels of branches. In addition, the telotrochs of E. unioi were also observed and its structures were described herein.Besides, obvious skin lesions caused by the ringlike base of E. unioi were detected and the relationship between these epizooites and their hosts was briefly discussed as well.
The genera Tropidozineus Monné & Martins, 1976 and Ozineus Bates, 1863 in Bolivia (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae): six new species and a new synonym
Authors: MONNÉ MIGUEL A. , MONNÉ MARCELA L.
Published: May 2019

New species in the genera Tropidozineus Monné & Martins, 1976 and Ozineus Bates, 1863 from Bolivia are described: Tropidozineus wappesi  sp. nov., from Bolivia (Santa Cruz) and Brazil (Amazonas), Tropidozineus adustus sp. nov., Ozineus griseostigma sp. nov., O. achirae sp. nov., O. argus  sp. nov., and O. caliginosus sp. nov., all from Bolivia (Santa Cruz). A new synonym is proposed: Ozineus dubius Aurivillius, 1922 = Ozineus cinerascens Bates, 1863. Keys to the species of Tropidozineus and Ozineus  from Bolivia are presented.
The tadpole of Rhinella abei (Baldissera, Caramaschi, and Haddad, 2004)
Authors: FEHLBERG BRUNO HENRIQUE BARBOSA , NATALI FELIPE , PEZZUTI TIAGO LEITE , DE ANCHIETTA GARCIA PAULO CHRISTIANO
Published: May 2019

The R. crucifer group is composed by five species: R. crucifer (Wied-Neuwied), R. ornata (Spix), R. henseli (A. Lutz), R. pombali and R. abei (Baldissera, Caramaschi & Haddad). In Brazil, these species are distributed in coastal areas, being found in ponds and streams inside forests or in open areas (Heyer et al. 1990; Baldissera et al. 2004). Rhinella abei was described by Baldissera, Caramaschi & Haddad in 2004 to allocate the populations of R. crucifer from east of Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul States. Herein, we describe R. abei tadpoles, collected in a swamp area, next to Praia dos Naufragados (27°49’51.78”S, 48°33’40.25”W; 11 m a. s. l.) Florianópolis, state of Santa Catarina Brazil, in the beginning of September 2010.
Detection of Crocodylus mindorensis x Crocodylus porosus (Crocodylidae) hybrids in a Philippine crocodile systematics analysis
Authors: TABORA JOHN ARIES G. , HINLO MA. RHEYDA P. , BAILEY CAROLYN A. , LEI RUNHUA , POMARES CAYETANO C. , REBONG GLENN , VAN WEERD MERLIJN , ENGBERG SHANNON E. , BRENNEMAN RICK A. , LOUIS, JR. EDWARD E.
Published: May 2019

The Philippine crocodile (Crocodylus mindorensis) is considered one of the most endangered of the crocodilian species.Rumors or anecdotal concerns have existed for some time as to the possibility of hybrid individuals existing in a captivecollection under consideration for providing reintroduction candidates; however, visual observations failed to identify sus-pected hybrids. Samples were collected from 619 Philippine crocodiles from several captive facilities and two free-rang-ing populations. Mitochondrial DNA D-loop (601 bp) fragments were sequenced for each crocodile and compared to 28individuals representing ten crocodile species. Among Philippine crocodiles, 48 variable sites (47 parsimony informativesites) were identified, which defined six C. mindorensis haplotypes and one C. porosus-derived haplotype. Data were alsogenerated for a 965 bp fragment of the ND4 subunit gene fragment for two samples of each D-loop haplotype. Amongthem, 91 variable sites (90 parsimony informative site) were identified, which defined three C. mindorensis haplotypesand one C. porosus-derived haplotype. From the nuclear genome, the C-mos gene was successfully amplified for the 388bp partial fragment for all Philippine crocodile samples. Only two variable sites were identified. These sequences werecompared to GenBank sequences for C. porosus. Of the 619 Philippine crocodile samples, 57 samples were found to har-bor D-loop haplotypes identified as C. porosus and 31 of those harbored C-mos mutational sites diagnostic for C. porosusintrogression. All individuals indicating C. mindorensis x C. porosus hybridization were sampled from the Palawan Wildlife Rescue and Conservation Center.
Designable Phase Transition Temperature of VO2 Co-Doped with Nb and W Elements for Smart Window Application
Authors: Kim Hee Jung , Roh Dong Kyu , Yoo Jung Whan , Kim Dae-Sung
Published: May 2019

Monoclinic vanadium dioxide (VO2 (M)) particles co-doped with niobium and tungsten, with potential application in smart windows, were synthesized by hydrolysis and subsequent thermal decomposition of vanadyl sulfate. All the doped VO2 particles exhibited a monoclinic
crystalline phase and the critical phase transition temperature (Tc) of VO2 (M) was adjusted by Nb and W co-doping. The Tc of Nb-doped VO2 (M) decreased at a rate of approximately 10 °C/at% Nb dopant, and the transition temperature
could also be accurately controlled to room temperature (about 27 °C) by co-doping with Nb and W. A film prepared using co-doped VO2 (M) particles showed a solar modulation ability of ~18% and a luminous transmittance of 40%, indicating that the co-doped VO2 (M) particles
represent suitable candidates for smart window applications.
Fatigue Life Enhancement of Titanium Alloy by the Development of Nano/Micron Surface Layer Using Laser Peening
Authors: Rajan S. Sudhagara , Swaroop S. , Manivasagam Geetha , Rao M. Nageswara
Published: May 2019

Ti-15V-3Cr-3Al-3Sn (Ti-15-3) is a metastable beta alloy which is considered to be a potential alternative for Ti-6Al-4V alpha+beta alloy for aerospace applications, especially for sheet products. This paper describes the work carried out to enhance the fatigue life of Ti-15-3 in an
economical way by means of laser peening without coating (LPwC) using Nd:YAG laser operating at a power density of 5 GW cm-2. In order to have a sufficient bulk hardness and high compressive stresses on the surface, as-received beta solution treated (ST) Ti-15-3 was subjected to
aging (520 °C/10 h/Air-cooled) and then to LPwC. Laser peening induced a notable increase in Ra (arithmetic mean roughness), which was measured using MAHR GD-120 profilometer. The Electron Back Scatter Diffraction (EBSD) analysis of the aged sample (STA) revealed a significant
increase in the alpha precipitation (20 vol%), and this led to a substantial increase in the hardness (~40%) and UTS (~50%). In addition to this, peening of aged (STA+LPwC) sample resulted in a considerable increase (~12%) in near-surface microhardness and compressive residual stress (maximum
stress of -195 MPa at a depth of 150 μm). This increase in compressive stress and microhardness led to an enhancement in the fatigue life of the STA+LPwC sample by 210% when compared to STA sample. In spite of high surface roughness induced by the LPwC, fractography studies revealed
that crack initiation was independent of surface roughness.