bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Internet Of Things Based Milling Machine Design Using Esp8266 Nodemcu
Authors: Hari sabana  , Akim M. H. Pardede  , Marto Sihombing
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini memaparkan rancangan dan pembangunan mesin giling berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) menggunakan NodeMCU ESP8266. Tujuan utama proyek ini untuk mengintegrasikan teknologi IoT dalam mesin giling guna meningkatkan kendali, pemantauan, dan efisiensi proses giling. Dengan menggunakan NodeMCU ESP8266 sebagai mikrokontroler yang terhubung dengan jaringan WiFi, mesin giling dapat diakses dan dikendalikan secara jarak jauh melalui perangkat yang terhubung ke internet. Pengguna dapat mengakses platform ini untuk memantau kondisi mesin dan mengontrolnya sesuai kebutuhan. Dalam penelitian ini, fokus diberikan pada desain rangkaian, pengembangan perangkat lunak, dan integrasi sistem secara keseluruhan. Hasil pengujian ini dilakukan dengan mengirimkan perintah motor dc hidup, monitoring nilai kecepatan motor dc, monitoring status giling, tombol penutup penampungan, dan tombol reset. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa mesin giling berbasis IoT ini mampu memberikan kontrol yang lebih baik, pemantauan real-time, dan efisiensi dalam proses penggilingan. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini menggambarkan penerapan IoT yang sukses dalam dunia industri mesin, membuka peluang untuk pengembangan lebih lanjut dalam bidang ini
Rivest Shamir Adleman (RSA) Hybrid Algorithm System and the deep Blum Blum Shub (BBS) Algorithm Securing E-Absence Database Files
Authors: Surbakti Tania Br , Fauzi Achmad , Khair Husnul
Published: September 2023

Sistem E-Absensi telah menjadi solusi efisien dalam memantau kehadiran individu di berbagai institusi. Namun, tantangan baru muncul terkait keamanan dan privasi data dalam pengelolaan file database E-Absensi. Menghadapi risiko potensial seperti peretasan dan kebocoran data, pengamanan data menjadi hal yang sangat penting. Oleh karena itu, dalam penelitian ini, kami mengusulkan penerapan hybrid sistem yang menggabungkan kekuatan Algoritma Rivest Shamir Adleman (RSA) dan Algoritma Blum Blum Shub (BBS) untuk meningkatkan keamanan file database E-Absensi. RSA adalah algoritma kriptografi yang banyak digunakan untuk enkripsi dan tanda tangan digital. Di sisi lain, BBS adalah algoritma pembangkitan bilangan acak yang memiliki tingkat keamanan yang kuat. Kombinasi dari keduanya dalam bentuk hybrid sistem diharapkan dapat memberikan tingkat keamanan yang lebih tinggi dalam pengamanan data E-Absensi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan hybrid sistem RSA dan BBS dalam konteks mengamankan file database E-Absensi. Penelitian ini menguraikan konsep dasar dari kedua algoritma tersebut dan bagaimana mereka dapat diintegrasikan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Kombinasi algoritma Rivers, Shamir, Adleman (RSA) dan algoritma Blum Blum Shub (BBS) dalam hybrid sistem meningkatkan keamanan dalam proses penyandian pesan
Internet Of Things (IoT) Based Smart Light Design Using Nodemcu And Blynk
Authors: Sirait Fahmi Aulia , Akim M. H. Pardede  , Milli Alfhi Syari
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini fokus pada perancangan sebuah lampu pintar yang mengadopsi konsep Internet of Things (IoT) dengan menggunakan NodeMCU dan platform Blynk. Lampu pintar ini dirancang untuk memberikan kontrol yang lebih fleksibel dan mudah bagi pengguna melalui penggunaan jaringan internet. NodeMCU, sebuah modul pengembangan berbasis mikrokontroler ESP8266, digunakan sebagai otak lampu pintar untuk menghubungkannya dengan jaringan Wi-Fi. Pada tahap perancangan, sistem lampu pintar diimplementasikan dengan kemampuan untuk dikendalikan melalui aplikasi Blynk yang dapat diunduh ke perangkat smartphone pengguna. Pengguna dapat mengontrol lampu, mengatur kecerahan, dan mengubah warna cahaya sesuai preferensi melalui antarmuka Blynk yang intuitif. Integrasi dengan platform Blynk memungkinkan akses jarak jauh dan pengawasan real-time terhadap status lampu pintar. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa lampu pintar yang telah dirancang dapat berkomunikasi secara efektif dengan aplikasi Blynk melalui jaringan Wi-Fi. Fungsionalitas pengendalian yang responsif dan kemampuan mengatur warna serta kecerahan cahaya memberikan pengalaman pengguna yang memuaskan. Dengan menggabungkan teknologi IoT dan platform Blynk, penelitian ini menghasilkan sebuah contoh nyata implementasi lampu pintar yang dapat meningkatkan kemudahan dan kenyamanan dalam mengelola pencahayaan ruangan.
การเปิดรับ ทัศนคติ พฤติกรรม และแนวโน้มการรับมือต่อสถานการณ์ การถูกกลั่นแกล้งบนสื่อสังคมของกลุ่มเจเนอเรชันแซดผ่านช่องทางเฟซบุ๊ก
Authors: แจ่มเจริญยิ่ง กรกมล , จุมพลเสถียร แอนนา
Published: September 2023

การวิจัยครั้งนี้เป็นวิจัยเชิงปริมาณ โดยใช้รูปแบบการวิจัยเชิงสำรวจ มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาการเปิดรับ ทัศนคติ พฤติกรรม และแนวโน้มการรับมือต่อสถานการณ์การถูกกลั่นแกล้งบนสื่อสังคมของกลุ่มเจเนอเรชันแซดผ่านช่องทางเฟซบุ๊ก โดยใช้แบบสอบถามออนไลน์ในการเก็บข้อมูลจากผู้ใช้สื่อสังคมผ่านช่องทางเฟซบุ๊กที่เคยโดนกลั่นแกล้ง เป็นกลุ่มเจเนอเรชันแซดที่มีอายุระหว่าง 18 - 27 ปี จำนวน 300 คน การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูลใช้ค่าร้อยละ ค่าเฉลี่ย และค่าเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐาน และวิเคราะห์สัมประสิทธิ์สหสัมพันธ์แบบเพียร์สัน ผลการวิจัย พบว่า การเปิดรับสถานการณ์การกลั่นแกล้งไม่มีความสัมพันธ์กับทัศนคติต่อสถานการณ์การกลั่นแกล้งบนสื่อสังคมผ่านช่องทางเฟซบุ๊ก ส่วนทัศนคติต่อสถานการณ์การกลั่นแกล้งบนสื่อสังคมมีความสัมพันธ์ในระดับต่ำกับพฤติกรรมการรับมือต่อสถานการณ์การถูกกลั่นแกล้งบนสื่อสังคมผ่านช่องทางเฟซบุ๊ก (r = .325, P < 0.001) และมีความสัมพันธ์ในระดับต่ำกับแนวโน้มการรับมือต่อสถานการณ์การถูกกลั่นแกล้งบนสื่อสังคมผ่านช่องทางเฟซบุ๊ก (r = .247, P < 0.001) อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติที่ระดับ 0.001
ODSirratia
Authors: Alonso Israel , Alonso Iñaki , Iturbe Andoni , Pagadigorria Aintzane , Alonso Estibaliz
Published: September 2023

La iniciativa se enmarca dentro de otras experiencias de radios universitarias en el Estado español. Alineado con la estrategia EHUagenda 2030 y la estrategia IKD3 (aprendizaje cooperativo y dinámico, en euskara), el objetivo de la creación de ODS Irratia ha sido impulsar un proceso colaborativo y transdisciplinar para dar los primeros pasos en la creación de una Radio Comunitaria online que permita poner en valor y reflexionar sobre las diferentes iniciativas que se están llevando para avanzar en los diferentes ODS en toda la UPV/EHU. Partiendo de este marco, trabajar en la puesta en marcha de un programa de Radio Comunitaria significa potenciar una comunicación democrática, basada en el diálogo horizontal. El artículo pone en valor los avances en los pilares del proyecto a través de un espacio de diálogo en el curso 21/22.
marca personal y su identidad visual como idea de negocio
Authors: Sainz Gil Ana María
Published: September 2023

Este trabajo pretende mostrar como la inserción curricular de los ODS8, ODS4 y ODS17, en el proyecto de Identidad Visual de la Marca Personal como Idea de Negocio, en un contexto sostenible, favorece despertar en el alumnado, el interés y la curiosidad en su aprendizaje a través de la emoción, porque se realiza un estudio del propio alumn@ como una Marca, cuyos contenidos sobre Marca Personal, se aprenden a través de la Metodología Activa de Caso y la aplicación personalizada al alumnado (ODS4), y por la implicación de aspectos sociales, al ser una Idea de Negocio con Identidad Visual: logotipo/isotipo/imagotipo/isologo, que le permite promocionarse profesionalmente y por contar con Alianzas (ODS17) que le ponen en contacto con el mundo laboral, en conexión con la Agenda 2030. Esta toma de conciencia de la singularidad profesional del alumn@ con la que poder promocionarse (ODS8), favorece la toma de decisiones proactivas y emprendedoras, y acaba siendo una herramienta para enfocar mejor su profesión, activando al alumnado incluso para comprometerse con la transformación de la sociedad en su conjunto.
Introducción
Authors: Genaut Arratibel Aingeru , Cantalapiedra María José , Suárez Villegas Juan Carlos , Loiti Rodríguez Sara
Published: September 2023

Universidad y la transferencia del conocimiento
Papel transversal de la comunicación en la transferencia de conocimiento
Authors: López García Guillermo
Published: September 2023

No hace tanto tiempo, la transferencia de conocimiento desde la Universidad estaba muy mal vista. Una de sus patas fundamentales, la divulgación y difusión en la sociedad de lo que hacemos en el mundo académico, se ignoraba y veía como síntoma de falta de rigor y seriedad. Otra, la consistente en desarrollar trabajos y actividades para las empresas, directamente estaba prohibida, pues se entendía que el funcionariado, con su estricto régimen de incompatibilidades, no se podía conjugar con el desarrollo de actividades remuneradas en el mundo profesional, por muy vinculadas con el mundo académico que estuvieran.
Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja dan Kepemimpinan Transformasional Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai
Authors: Warinussy Stepanus L. , Rante Yohanes , Baranti Bonifasia E.
Published: September 2023

At the Kaimana Regency Youth and Sports Education Office it is known that there are still many employees who have less than optimal performance. The problems studied in this study are (1) How is work motivation, transformational leadership, and employee performance, (2) How much influence does work motivation have on employee performance, (3) How much influence does transformational leadership have on employee performance, (4) Is work motivation and transformational leadership simultaneously have an influence on employee performance. The purpose of this research is to (1) find out how work motivation, transformational leadership, and employee performance, (2) analyze the influence of work motivation and transformational leadership on employee performance partially or simultaneously. Data collection methods used are documentation and questionnaires. The analytical method used is instrument test (validity test and reliability test), percentage descriptive analysis, classic assumption test, multiple regression analysis, coefficient of determination, and hypothesis testing using SPSS 15 for Windows. The research results obtained multiple linear regression equation Y = 5.854 + 0.276 X1 + 0.431 X2. The result of the coefficient of determination (Adjusted R Square) is 0.509 meaning that 50.9% of the performance variable is influenced by work motivation and transformational leadership and the remaining 49.1% is influenced by other variables outside the research.
Comparativa de herramientas para videoconferencia
Authors: Cajamarca Altamirano Efrén Efraín , Rodriguez Galarza Gonzalo Paul
Published: September 2023

La pandemia de COVID-19 provocó cambios significativos en la sociedad. Como resultado, las videoconferencias se han tornado fundamentales para la comunicación y colaboración a distancia. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo comparar diferentes herramientas de videoconferencia disponibles en el mercado, evaluando su funcionalidad, facilidad de uso, calidad de conexión y costos asociados. El objetivo se relaciona con identificar la mejor opción que satisfaga tanto las necesidades individuales como las colectivas, y asegure una experiencia efectiva y eficiente para los usuarios. Entre las herramientas analizadas, Zoom experimentó un crecimiento notable durante la pandemia. Cisco Webex se destaca por su interfaz fácil de usar y funciones como compartir video y pizarras virtuales. Jitsi, una herramienta de código abierto, posee como ventajas su gratuidad y facilidad de uso. En tanto, Microsoft Teams se presenta como una plataforma innovadora de aprendizaje en línea que optimiza la interacción y el entorno de aprendizaje. La investigación también examina la evolución de características y funcionalidades en las herramientas de videoconferencia y considera el impacto de la facilidad de uso. En última instancia, se persiguió determinar la herramienta más adecuada para necesidades específicas. En conclusión, esta investigación ofrece una comparación exhaustiva de herramientas de videoconferencia, teniendo en cuenta diversos aspectos esenciales. La selección adecuada de una herramienta puede tener un impacto significativo en la calidad de la comunicación y colaboración durante y después de la pandemia.
Estrategias para el posicionamiento de una marca en redes sociales
Authors: Buenaño Barreno Pamela Nataly , Valle Tapuy Liz Madeleine
Published: September 2023

Las redes sociales como herramienta esencial en la comunicación moderna juegan un rol estratégico en el marketing digital. Estas plataformas brindan oportunidades para que las empresas o negocios se den a conocer, mejoren su posición competitiva, creen valor de marca, fidelicen clientes o incrementen sus ventas. La presente investigación valora la importancia y beneficio del marketing en redes sociales para las empresas y negocios. A partir de un enfoque mixto, se analiza cualitativamente trabajos indexados en la base de datos Scopus, y se interpretan de manera cuantitativa para responder a las preguntas de investigación: ¿Cuáles estrategias se implementan o destacan en las investigaciones?, ¿Cuáles son las técnicas de recopilación de información enfocadas al posicionamiento de marca?, ¿Cuáles son los resultados más relevantes?, ¿Qué redes sociales se destacan? y ¿Qué tipo de publicaciones presenta mejores resultados? Los resultados evidencian que el boca a boca electrónico se conforma como la mejor estrategia de marketing en redes sociales, que el contenido resulta fundamental para obtener buenos resultados, a partir de la creatividad y la inclusión de imágenes, videos o fotografías atractivos. Se concluye que para una estrategia pueda ser efectiva debe tener en cuenta los objetivos de marketing, el público objetivo, la red social y sus formatos.
Las Inteligencias múltiples y el aprendizaje en el aula
Authors: Buñay Cando Silvia Lourdes
Published: September 2023

La teoría de las inteligencias múltiples creada por Gardner para los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje se centra en habilidades y destrezas estudiantiles; así también, propone varias formas de inteligencia desarrolladas mediante la experiencia, la práctica o la educación recibida, además de que todas las inteligencias interactúan entre sí. Este estudio analiza cómo la teoría de las inteligencias múltiples de Gardner ha sido aplicada en el ámbito educativo. La investigación presenta un enfoque cualitativo, es de tipo básica y utiliza el método de análisis documental. Se presentan descripciones acerca de qué significa e involucra cada inteligencia, además de cómo pueden los docentes identificar la inteligencia predominante basados en los comportamientos y habilidades de sus estudiantes. Se realiza una propuesta de estrategias o tareas a aplicar en las actividades escolares para potenciar cada inteligencia. Los resultados destacan la importancia de la implementación de estrategias y actividades inclusivas que se adecuen a las inteligencias predominantes en los estudiantes y en el desarrollo de las restantes. Conocer la inteligencia predominante en los estudiantes puede no solo mejorar sus procesos de aprendizaje, sino también su autoestima, desarrollo personal e incluso a determinar de manera efectiva su profesión a futuro.
Educación del Siglo XXI, competencias, metodologías y estrategias
Authors: González Villavicencio Jaquelin Lorena , Estrella Flores Jessica Paola
Published: September 2023

En un mundo en constante evolución, el ámbito educativo debe enfocarse en las nuevas necesidades de estudiantes y docentes para adaptarse, innovar y enfrentar los desafíos de una sociedad globalizada. Las competencias van más allá de la adquisición de conocimientos teóricos y se centran en el desarrollo de habilidades prácticas y actitudes necesarias para tener éxito en el entorno actual. Esta investigación tiene el objetivo de identificar cuáles son las competencias educativas del siglo XXI, tanto para docentes como para estudiantes, además de exponer las metodologías y estrategias pedagógicas que contribuyen a su desarrollo. La investigación corresponde a una revisión documental con un enfoque cualitativo. Entre los resultados se presenta que las competencias requeridas de los estudiantes incluyen pensamiento crítico, colaboración, alfabetización digital, iniciativa y espíritu empresarial, comunicación oral y escrita eficaz, acceso y análisis de información, creatividad e innovación, iniciativa, autonomía y responsabilidad personal, habilidades sociales e interculturales y aprendizaje autónomo. Por otro lado, las competencias educativas del siglo XXI enfocadas a los docentes abarcan las tecnológicas, de comunicación y colaboración, pedagógicas, investigativas, de gestión y de desarrollo profesional.
What drives the dependence between the Chinese and global stock markets?
Authors: Qian Lingling , Jiang Yuexiang , Long Huaigang
Published: September 2023

By applying time-varying copulas and panel regression analysis, this study investigates the dependence between the Chinese and eleven international stock markets, as well as its determinants during the period 2002-2018. Our results indicate that the dependence magnitude between the Chinese stock market and major international markets varies with region. Furthermore, the dependence is negatively driven by both economic policy uncertainty differentials and interest rate differentials while positively affected by the global financial crisis and trade interdependence. Our findings are of great importance to international investors and policymakers.
Measuring final-year dental students’ ability to remove teeth independently using independence ratios
Authors: Merbold K-H , Postma T C
Published: September 2023

Background. Universities are obliged to ensure that dental graduates possess the necessary skills to render safe and effective treatment. Empirical evidence regarding the development of safe and effective independent practice at undergraduate level is unfortunately lacking.Objectives. To measure final-year students’ abilities to correctly perform exodontia (tooth removal/extraction) skills independently, based on the applied postgraduate progressive independence theory.

Methods. Fourteen clinical teachers systematically assessed 13 263 tooth extractions completed by final-year dental students (2014 - 2016). An independence ratio (extractions performed without assistance/total number of extractions) was used as the key performance indicator to provide feedback on the ability to complete procedures independently over time. A customised index was used for controlling the level of difficulty.Results. Final-year students (n=146) achieved independence ratios ranging between 90% and 94% (standard deviation 3.3%) by the end of their clinical training. Logical gradients of increased independence were illustrated with time, as well as variable performance among students. The level of difficulty index scores remained similar within cohorts per year of study. Acceptable assessment differences existed between clinical teachers, which could largely be explained by complex operational circumstances.

Conclusions. As far as we are aware, this is the first study that quantified progressive independence in exodontia for undergraduate students. The measure was sensitive enough to show logical independence gradients and variance among students. Final-year students demonstrated that they could remove >8/10 teeth independently by the time of their graduation. The measure shows promise as a proxy of competence for skills that are often practised. It is recommended that factors that influence these measurements be examined in more detail.
Student review of doctor-patient communication skills training in a South African undergraduate medical programme
Authors: Swinfen D , Labuschagne M , Joubert G
Published: September 2023

Background. Barriers to the training of doctor-patient communication in the South African (SA) context have been well explored through qualitative research at several SA medical schools. However, this aspect of training has not been reviewed in a systematic way by a large number of students. A student review of doctor-patient communication skills training in the undergraduate medical programme of a medical school in SA was obtained to improve training and identify further research needs.Objective. To investigate doctor-patient communication skills training in the undergraduate programme of a medical school in SA to identify shortcomings and further research needs.Methods. A descriptive, cross-sectional design was used. Data were collected through an anonymous questionnaire based on Harden’s extended vision of the curriculum. Printed anonymous questionnaires, distributed to all the fourth- and fifth-year undergraduate medical students, were analysed quantitatively. Open-ended questions were analysed qualitatively using grounded theory.Results. The sample comprised 106/132 fifth-year students (response rate 80.3%) and 65/120 fourth-year students (response rate 54.2%). Frequent training in history-taking was reported by >75% of students, while >60% reported infrequent training in breaking bad news. More than 50% of participants indicated that senior doctors seldom or never modelled patient-centred communication in the clinical teaching milieu. Students preferred experiential learning to didactic methods.Conclusion. Medical students want to see patient-centred communication unequivocally modelled in the clinical setting. A greater emphasis on practical training in context-specific communication skills is required. Positive role-modelling is needed in the clinical environment.
Nursing students’ perceptions of support and active learning regarding simulation-based education in Lesotho: A quantitative study
Authors: Moabi P S , Mtshali N G
Published: September 2023

Background. Simulation has taken centre stage in health sciences education in the context of the increasing adoption of a competency-based curriculum. Simulation replicates facets of the real world in an interactive manner that allows students to learn clinical skills and develop clinical reasoning skills in a safe learning environment. Facilitators have a responsibility to provide adequate instructional and psychological support to the students, while facilitating active and self-directed learning in the simulation environment.Objective. To explore and describe students’ perceptions of support and active learning regarding simulation-based education (SBE) in Lesotho.Methods. A quantitative descriptive exploratory study was conducted using a validated questionnaire. A total of 275 nursing students participated in the study. A stratified systematic random sampling method was used and data were analysed using SPSS version 27.Results. The majority of participants (87.9%) had a positive perception of support that was offered prior, during and after simulation, which they appreciated. Active learning was also perceived positively, as most of the participants indicated that they actively participated in, and not merely observed, simulation. The results showed significant associations between an opportunity given to students to discuss simulation objectives with the teacher and various institutions (p<0.05 (p=0.01)). Institutions with trained simulation facilitators provided students the opportunity to discuss simulation objectives with their teacher.Conclusion. The study showed that student support and active learning are essential when conducting SBE. Supporting students and actively involving them in the learning process lead to effective learning.
Longitudinal data resource from the Wellbeing of Older People cohort of people aged >50 years in Uganda and South Africa from 2009 to 2019
Authors: Mugisha J O , Edwards A , Naidoo N , Chatterji S , Seeley J , Kowal P
Published: September 2023

Background. The population of people aged ≥60 years continues to increase globally, and has been projected by the United NationsPopulation Division to increase to 21% of the total population by 2050. In addition, the number of older people living with HIV hascontinued to increase owing to the introduction of antiretroviral therapy as a treatment for HIV-infected people. Most of the older people living with HIV are in sub-Saharan Africa, an area that faces the biggest burden of HIV globally. Despite the high burden, there are limited reliable data on how HIV directly and indirectly affects the health and wellbeing of older people within this region.Objective. To showcase the availability of data on how HIV directly and indirectly affects the health and wellbeing of older people in Uganda and South Africa (SA).Methods. The World Health Organization Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE), in collaboration with Medical ResearchCouncil/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) UgandaResearch Unit and the Africa Health Research Institute (AHRI) in SA, started the SAGE Wellbeing of Older People Study (WOPS) inUganda and SA in 2009. Since initiation, respondents have been surveyed every 2 years, with four waves of surveys conducted in Uganda and three waves in South Africa.Results. The available datasets consist of two cohorts of people, aged >50 years, who were surveyed every 2 years between 2009 and2018. The prevalence of HIV positivity over this period increased from 39% to 54% in Uganda and 48% to 62% in SA. The datasetsprovide comparisons of variables at a household level and at an individual level. At the individual level, the following measures can becompared longitudinally for a 10-year period for the following variables: sociodemographic characteristics; work history and benefits;health states and descriptions; anthropometrics performance tests and biomarkers; risk factors and preventive health behaviours;chronic conditions and health services coverage; healthcare utilisation; social cohesion; subjective wellbeing and quality of life; andimpact of caregiving.Conclusion. This article describes the WOPS in Uganda and SA, the population coverage of this study, and the survey frequency of WOPS, survey measures, data resources available, the data resource access and the strengths and weaknesses of the study. The article invites interested researchers to further analyse the data and answer research questions of interest to enhance the impact of these data.
Postpartum depression: Addressing misinformation and harmful attitudes
Authors: Hoare J , Vythilingum B
Published: September 2023

-
Los "quanta" en las sociedades tradicionales
Authors: Keller Olivier
Published: September 2023

Muchos rituales de las sociedades tradicionales consisten en gestos sucesivos realizados en referencia a determinados objetos, lugares o momentos de alto valor simbólico, como los puntos de la brújula, con el fi n de mantener o incluso recrear ese valor. Cuando el modo de referencia es una correspondencia uno a uno (biyección) con los objetos, lugares o momentos en cuestión, lo llamaremos quantum; y como se trata de reproducir una “virtud” simbólica, una potencia, una cualidad y no una cantidad, creemos que es esencial no confundir quantum con número. Daremos ejemplos de quanta extraídos de la literatura etnográfi ca, con especial referencia a ciertos rituales mexicanos contemporáneos. Especifi caremos en qué se diferencia el quantum del número y, a continuación, plantearemos una hipótesis sobre cómo puede haber aparecido este concepto en el pensamiento tradicional.
Las Relaciones Geográficas del siglo XVI de Nueva España: Análisis del inédito "Mapa de Tequaltiche"
Authors: Puig Carrasco Alberto
Published: September 2023

Durante el año de 1577, el Consejo de Indias envió a América un cuestionario para que fuera respondido por parte de las autoridades indianas con una relación escrita y una pintura de la zona. Gracias a esto, disponemos hoy en día de un gran corpus documental: las Relaciones Geográficas, dentro de las que se encuentra el mapa y la relación escrita de Tequaltiche (Teocaltiche, Jalisco), una de las cabeceras de partido en la región y con gran relevancia durante la Guerra del Mixtón. Este mapa, por su reciente descubrimiento, se encuentra inédito y posee una importancia esencial para comprender la evolución histórica de los Altos de Jalisco durante el siglo XVI. La Guerra del Mixtón y su posterior “pacificación”, así como el control de la región durante la Guerra Chichimeca, marcan el contexto histórico en el que se inserta este documento. Esto, unido a que muestra hechos históricos prehispánicos, le da aún mayor importancia al mapa, ya que permite reconstruir en cierta medida el pasado de los cazcanes desde su punto de vista. En este trabajo realizaremos el análisis integral de todos los elementos que componen el documento, tanto externos como internos, de forma que podamos extraer de él la mayor cantidad de información posible.
Juan Rana en entremeses portugueses: "Dos caras siendo una" y "Um soldado e sua patrona", de Manuel Coelho Rebelo
Authors: Álvarez Sellers María Rosa
Published: September 2023

Cosme Pérez no solo fue uno de los actores más famosos del Siglo de Oro, aplaudido en los corrales y en la Corte, sino que fue además el creador de una máscara que llegaría a suplantar su identidad: Juan Rana, el alcalde villano objeto de burlas de muy diversa índole al que muchos autores de la época dedicaron entremeses. Dado que abundan los estudios críticos sobre la persona y el personaje, nuestra intención es poner de relieve circunstancias menos conocidas, como el hecho de que Cosme Pérez viviera en Lisboa y que Juan Rana protagonizara dos entremeses del único dramaturgo portugués, Manuel Coelho Rebelo, que fi rma una colección propia: Musa entretenida de varios entremeses (Lisboa, 1658). Dos caras siendo una está escrito en español y Um soldado e sua patrona en portugués, e incluso el nombre pasa a João Rana, prueba de que se trataba de una figura de sobra conocida. Ambos trazan tramas similares en torno a la astucia y la burla; sin embargo, una sorprendente y novedosa característica los distingue y separa de los entremeses castellanos: Juan Rana ya no será engañado y acabará maltrecho, sino que desempeña un papel diferente al que le había dado la fama, invirtiendo así el mundo del entremés. En Portugal, Coelho Rebelo demuestra ser capaz de huir del estereotipo y de conducir por nuevos e insospechados caminos a una máscara tan célebre como el actor que la encarnaba.
A cell wall synthase accelerates plasma membrane partitioning in mycobacteria
Authors: Kado Takehiro , Akbary Zarina , Motooka Daisuke , Sparks Ian L , Melzer Emily S , Nakamura Shota , Rojas Enrique R , Morita Yasu S , Siegrist M Sloan
Published: September 2023

Lateral partitioning of proteins and lipids shapes membrane function. In model membranes, partitioning can be influenced both by bilayer-intrinsic factors like molecular composition and by bilayer-extrinsic factors such as interactions with other membranes and solid supports. While cellular membranes can departition in response to bilayer-intrinsic or -extrinsic disruptions, the mechanisms by which they partition de novo are largely unknown. The plasma membrane of Mycobacterium smegmatis spatially and biochemically departitions in response to the fluidizing agent benzyl alcohol, then repartitions upon fluidizer washout. By screening for mutants that are sensitive to benzyl alcohol, we show that the bifunctional cell wall synthase PonA2 promotes membrane partitioning and cell growth during recovery from benzyl alcohol exposure. PonA2’s role in membrane repartitioning and regrowth depends solely on its conserved transglycosylase domain. Active cell wall polymerization promotes de novo membrane partitioning and the completed cell wall polymer helps to maintain membrane partitioning. Our work highlights the complexity of membrane–cell wall interactions and establishes a facile model system for departitioning and repartitioning cellular membranes.
A twin UGUA motif directs the balance between gene isoforms through CFIm and the mTORC1 signaling pathway
Authors: Herron R Samuel , Kunisky Alexander K , Madden Jessica R , Anyaeche Vivian I , Maung May Z , Hwang Hun-Way
Published: September 2023

Alternative polyadenylation (APA) generates mRNA isoforms and diversifies gene expression. Here we report the discovery that the mTORC1 signaling pathway balances the expression of two Trim9/TRIM9 isoforms through APA regulation in human and mouse. We showed that CFIm components, CPSF6 and NUDT21, promote the short Trim9/TRIM9 isoform (Trim9-S/TRIM9-S) expression. In addition, we identified an evolutionarily conserved twin UGUA motif, UGUAYUGUA, in TRIM9-S polyadenylation site (PAS) that is critical for its regulation by CPSF6. We found additional CPSF6-regulated PASs with similar twin UGUA motifs in human and experimentally validated the twin UGUA motif functionality in BMPR1B, MOB4, and BRD4-L. Importantly, we showed that inserting a twin UGUA motif into a heterologous PAS was sufficient to confer regulation by CPSF6 and mTORC1. Our study reveals an evolutionarily conserved mechanism to regulate gene isoform expression by mTORC1 and implicates possible gene isoform imbalance in cancer and neurological disorders with mTORC1 pathway dysregulation.
Large depth differences between target and flankers can increase crowding: Evidence from a multi-depth plane display
Authors: Smithers Samuel P , Shao Yulong , Altham James , Bex Peter J
Published: September 2023

Crowding occurs when the presence of nearby features causes highly visible objects to become unrecognizable. Although crowding has implications for many everyday tasks and the tremendous amounts of research reflect its importance, surprisingly little is known about how depth affects crowding. Most available studies show that stereoscopic disparity reduces crowding, indicating that crowding may be relatively unimportant in three-dimensional environments. However, most previous studies tested only small stereoscopic differences in depth in which disparity, defocus blur, and accommodation are inconsistent with the real world. Using a novel multi-depth plane display, this study investigated how large (0.54–2.25 diopters), real differences in target-flanker depth, representative of those experienced between many objects in the real world, affect crowding. Our findings show that large differences in target-flanker depth increased crowding in the majority of observers, contrary to previous work showing reduced crowding in the presence of small depth differences. Furthermore, when the target was at fixation depth, crowding was generally more pronounced when the flankers were behind the target as opposed to in front of it. However, when the flankers were at fixation depth, crowding was generally more pronounced when the target was behind the flankers. These findings suggest that crowding from clutter outside the limits of binocular fusion can still have a significant impact on object recognition and visual perception in the peripheral field.
Id2 GABAergic interneurons comprise a neglected fourth major group of cortical inhibitory cells
Authors: Machold Robert , Dellal Shlomo , Valero Manuel , Zurita Hector , Kruglikov Ilya , Meng John Hongyu , Hanson Jessica L , Hashikawa Yoshiko , Schuman Benjamin , Buzsáki György , Rudy Bernardo
Published: September 2023

Cortical GABAergic interneurons (INs) represent a diverse population of mainly locally projecting cells that provide specialized forms of inhibition to pyramidal neurons and other INs. Most recent work on INs has focused on subtypes distinguished by expression of Parvalbumin (PV), Somatostatin (SST), or Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP). However, a fourth group that includes neurogliaform cells (NGFCs) has been less well characterized due to a lack of genetic tools. Here, we show that these INs can be accessed experimentally using intersectional genetics with the gene Id2. We find that outside of layer 1 (L1), the majority of Id2 INs are NGFCs that express high levels of neuropeptide Y (NPY) and exhibit a late-spiking firing pattern, with extensive local connectivity. While much sparser, non-NGFC Id2 INs had more variable properties, with most cells corresponding to a diverse group of INs that strongly expresses the neuropeptide CCK. In vivo, using silicon probe recordings, we observed several distinguishing aspects of NGFC activity, including a strong rebound in activity immediately following the cortical down state during NREM sleep. Our study provides insights into IN diversity and NGFC distribution and properties, and outlines an intersectional genetics approach for further study of this underappreciated group of INs.
C-type natriuretic peptide improves maternally aged oocytes quality by inhibiting excessive PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy
Authors: Zhang Hui , Li Chan , Liu Qingyang , Li Jingmei , Wu Hao , Xu Rui , Sun Yidan , Cheng Ming , Zhao Xiaoe , Pan Menghao , Wei Qiang , Ma Baohua
Published: September 2023

The overall oocyte quality declines with ageing, and this effect is strongly associated with a higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and the resultant oxidative damage. C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is a well-characterized physiological meiotic inhibitor that has been successfully used to improve immature oocyte quality during in vitro maturation (IVM). However, the underlying roles of CNP in maternally aged oocytes have not been reported. Here, we found that the age-related reduction in the serum CNP concentration was highly correlated with decreased oocyte quality. Treatment with exogenous CNP promoted follicle growth and ovulation in aged mice and enhanced meiotic competency and fertilization ability. Interestingly, the cytoplasmic maturation of aged oocytes was thoroughly improved by CNP treatment, as assessed by spindle/chromosome morphology and redistribution of organelles (mitochondria, the endoplasmic reticulum [ER], cortical granules [CGs], and the Golgi apparatus). CNP treatment also ameliorated DNA damage and apoptosis caused by ROS accumulation in aged oocytes. Importantly, oocyte RNA-seq revealed that the beneficial effect of CNP on aged oocytes was mediated by restoration of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, eliminating excessive mitophagy. CNP reversed the defective phenotypes in aged oocytes by alleviating oxidative damage and suppressing excessive PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy. Mechanistically, CNP functioned as a cAMP/PKA pathway modulator to decrease PINK1 stability and inhibit Parkin recruitment. In summary, our results demonstrated that CNP supplementation constitutes an alternative therapeutic approach for advanced maternal age-related oocyte deterioration and may improve the overall success rates of clinically assisted reproduction in older women.
Absence of electron transfer-associated changes in the time-dependent X-ray free-electron laser structures of the photosynthetic reaction center
Authors: Nishikawa Gai , Sugo Yu , Saito Keisuke , Ishikita Hiroshi
Published: September 2023

Using the X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) structures of the photosynthetic reaction center from
Blastochloris viridis
that show light-induced time-dependent structural changes [Dods, R.et al. (2021) Nature
589
, 310-314], we investigated time-dependent changes in the energetics of the electron transfer pathway, considering the entire protein environment of the protein structures and titrating the redox active sites in the presence of all fully equilibrated titratable residues. In the dark and charge-separation intermediate structures, the calculated redox potential (
E
m
) values for the accessory bacteriochlorophyll and bacteriopheophytin in the electron-transfer active branch (B
L
and H
L
) are higher than those in the electron-transfer inactive branch (B
M
and H
M
). However, the stabilization of the [P
L
P
M
]
•+
H
L
•–
state owing to protein reorganization is not clearly observed in the
E
m
(H
L
) values in the charge-separated 5-ps ([P
L
P
M
]
•+
H
L
•–
state) structure. Furthermore, the expected chlorin ring deformation upon formation of H
L
•–
(saddling mode) is absent in the H
L
geometry of the original 5-ps structure. These findings suggest that there is no clear link between the time-dependent structural changes and the electron transfer events in the XFEL structures.
Broca’s area, variation and taxic diversity in early Homo from Koobi Fora (Kenya)
Authors: Beaudet Amélie , Jager Edwin de
Published: September 2023

Because brain tissues rarely fossilize, pinpointing when and how modern human cerebral traits emerged in the hominin lineage is particularly challenging. The fragmentary nature of the fossil material, coupled with the difficulty of characterizing such a complex organ, have been the source of long-standing debates. Prominent among them is the uncertainties around the derived or primitive state of the brain organization in the earliest representatives of the genus
Homo
, more particularly in key areas such as the Broca’s area. By revisiting a particularly well-preserved fossil endocast from the Turkana basin (Kenya) attributed to early
Homo
, here we confirm that humans in Africa had a primitive organization of the Broca’s area ca. 1.9 million years ago. Additionally, our description of KNM-ER 3732 adds further information about the variation pattern of the inferior frontal gyrus in fossil hominins, with implications for early
Homo
taxic diversity (i.e., one or two
Homo
species at Koobi Fora) and the nature of the mechanisms involved in the emergence of derived cerebral traits.
Changing the size of dendritic spines
Authors: Saneyoshi Takeo
Published: September 2023

Interactions between an enzyme kinase, an ion channel and cytoskeletal proteins maintain the structure of synapses involved in memory formation.
J-score: a robust measure of clustering accuracy
Authors: Ahmadinejad Navid , Chung Yunro , Liu Li
Published: September 2023

Background

Clustering analysis discovers hidden structures in a data set by partitioning them into disjoint clusters. Robust accuracy measures that evaluate the goodness of clustering results are critical for algorithm development and model diagnosis. Common problems of clustering accuracy measures include overlooking unmatched clusters, biases towards excessive clusters, unstable baselines, and difficulties of interpretation. In this study, we presented a novel accuracy measure, J-score, to address these issues.

Methods

Given a data set with known class labels, J-score quantifies how well the hypothetical clusters produced by clustering analysis recover the true classes. It starts with bidirectional set matching to identify the correspondence between true classes and hypothetical clusters based on Jaccard index. It then computes two weighted sums of Jaccard indices measuring the reconciliation from classes to clusters and vice versa. The final J-score is the harmonic mean of the two weighted sums.

Results

Through simulation studies and analyses of real data sets, we evaluated the performance of J-score and compared with existing measures. Our results show that J-score is effective in distinguishing partition structures that differ only by unmatched clusters, rewarding correct inference of class numbers, addressing biases towards excessive clusters, and having a relatively stable baseline. The simplicity of its calculation makes the interpretation straightforward. It is a valuable tool complementary to other accuracy measures. We released an R/jScore package implementing the algorithm.
Experimental Study on Combustion and Fire Smoke Characteristics of Wallpapers using Smoke Density Chamber
Authors: Lee Seonhyo , Ha Yejin , Jeon Joonho
Published: September 2023

During a fire, flames can quickly spread throughout the room because the wallpaper covers the entire surface. Smoke generated from fire is a significant obstacle to evacuation. Therefore, it is essential to study the smoke characteristics of the wallpaper to ensure evacuation safety. This study used the ISO 5659-2 combustion chamber method to measure the smoke density over time with and without flame conditions using a 25 kW/m2 radiation heat flux. The extinction coefficient represents the visibility in the smoke, and VOF4 shows the initial combustion smoke density characteristics. These two factors were derived from experiment results. Paper, cork, and cotton wallpapers were used as representative wallpapers. The results show that the maximum smoke density of all wallpapers was higher in the non-flame condition than in the flame condition. Under the flame condition, the maximum smoke density was measured in the order of cork, cotton, and paper. In the non-flame condition, the order was cotton, cork, and paper with the maximum smoke density. The extinction coefficient of wallpapers, except paper, exceeded 1.0 m-1 in the flame condition, indicating that the smoke density provides visibility of 1-2 m under fire.
A Study on the Improvement of the Utilization of Pipeline Connection for the Supply of Fire Extinguishing Water
Authors: Jang Gyeong-Nam
Published: September 2023

This study aims to present improvement measures for firefighters using firefighting facilities installed in accordance with the fire safety performance standards of connected water pipes at fire sites. Problems caused by the installation of open and close valves in the connection pipe from the water outlet to the main pipe of the connection pipe facility were studied, and firefighting personnel were used according to the pressure in the pipe installed in the apartment. The intention was to improve the problems in firefighting activities caused by the unclear regulation that ‘the pipe should be installed in a position that can be easily distinguished from the pipes of other facilities or indicated that it is a pipe of firefighting facilities so that it can be identified in red’. Additionally, suggestions were made to establish a new regulation for the installation of fire extinguishing facilities in an indoor firebox on the first floor of a complex building and a project to support the installation of a connected water pipe (65 A) in an indoor firebox on the first floor of an apartment building.
Influence of Input Parameters on the Coefficient of Friction during Incremental Sheet Forming of Grade 5 Titanium Alloy
Authors: Szpunar Marcin , Szawara Paulina , Myśliwiec Piotr , Ostrowski Robert
Published: September 2023

This research paper focuses on investigating the influence of input parameters on the coefficient of friction (COF) during incremental sheet forming (ISF) of grade 5 titanium sheets. Titanium alloys are widely used in various industries due to their corrosion resistance and strength to weight ratio. ISF is a flexible and cost effective process for producing complex shapes. The aim of this study was to gain insight into the frictional conditions during ISF that affect formability, surface quality, and overall process performance. The experiments were carried out using a combination of MoS2 lubrication and friction stir rotation-assisted heating. COF was measured using a high precision piezoelectric dynamometer, taking into account axial and horizontal forces. A split-plot design was used and 25 runs were performed to obtain the COF for each run. The results of the study provide valuable information on the relationship between input parameters and COF, contributing to the understanding of the frictional conditions in the ISF.