bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urban heat island phenomenon in majalengka regency
Authors: Sanad A , Kusratmoko E , Wibowo A
Published: November 2022

The Majalengka Regency considering by The Government of West Java Province is one of the priorities of infrastructure development to sustain the accelerate of development. The conversion function of agricultural land into non-agricultural or industrial will affect land surface temperature, which triggers the urban heat island phenomenon. The purpose of this study was to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of urban heat island and the assosiation of land cover, building density, and vegetation greenness with land surface temperatures in Majalengka in 2013, 2016, and 2019. Variables used in this study were land cover, vegetation greenness, building density, and land surface temperature obtained from the processing of Landsat Image 8 are validating survey at 98 points selected by random sampling method. The results showed that the phenomenon of urban heat island dominates the north to the Majalengka Regency. The Areas with low land surface temperatures are found in areas with land cover in the form of built land, low greenness, and high building density. The southern of Majalengka Regency of the land surface temperature is getting lower with vegetation land cover, high vegetation greenness, and low building density. Low land surface temperature is associated with high vegetation greenness and low building density while the highest surface temperature is associated with built-up area with high building density. The difference in temperature between 2013-2019 is around 6°C with a reduction in vegetation area around 109 km2.
Application of remote sensing and gis to identify the vulnerability of ground-water pollution in topograhic karst
Authors: Prasetyo K , Yulinar
Published: November 2022

Karst or limestone is a landscape in the form of unique. Karst or limestone has sensitive properties and is easily dissolved in water so that the karst topography has a subsurface water system in the form of holes that are susceptible to degradation due to the very fast flow of water so that it is easy to pass water underground. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of vulnerability of karst underground water pollution based on remote sensing data and GIS in the Rengel-Tuban Indonesia karst region. This type of research is quantitative research. Data analysis techniques in this study used image interpretation and logistic regression tests. The researched result is known that Remote sensing imagery and GIS as a tool to identify the level of vulnerability of underground water pollution in the karst region. Utilization of remote sensing imagery and GIS is presented as information of vulnerability of underground water pollution, and the study showed that the average area of karst Rengel was classified as vulnerable to pollution. In conclusion that the average area study was classified as vulnerable to pollution, and the Rengel karst hills are in line with local levels of vulnerability and pollution
mapping build-up area density using normalized difference built-up index (ndbi) and urban index (ui) wetland in the city banjarmasin
Authors: Muhaimin M , Fitriani D , Adyatma S , Arisanty D
Published: November 2022

Density and undeveloped land can be identified using digital transformation through remote sensing data. This study aims to map the distribution of building densities with the Normalized Difference Built-Up Index (NDBI) and Urban Index (UI), analyze the comparison of building densities of the NDBI and UI methods, and analyze the relationship between the transformation of NDBI and UI on building densities in Banjarmasin City. The data used to obtain building density image Landsat 8 Oli Tirs. The method used to separate the built area and non-building area using digital classification. The area was developed from the results of the multispectral classification filtered with NDBI and UI transformation for the classification of the building density level. The results of this study indicate that building density has a positive relationship with the transformation of NDBI and UI because the high building density in the transformation of NDBI and UI has a high value. Non-built area and constructed land shows an NDBI accuracy of 91.4505% and 92.5359% accuracy of UI, there is a difference of 1.0854% greater accuracy UI. Overall accuracy exceeding 80% indicates very high accuracy for building density mapping.
Analysis of urban heat island and urban ecological quality based on remote sensing imagery transformation in semarang city
Authors: Kusumawardani K P , Hidayati I N
Published: November 2022

Urban physical and biotic heterogeneity phenomena that caused by the decrease of vegetation and the expansion of built-up land can influence the urban climate response. The increase of land surface temperature brings on the Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon. Spectral resolution, temporal resolution, and the synoptic overview capability of remote sensing data are capable in urban study. Remote sensing imagery is able to extract the land surface temperature changes widely and simultaneously. The aims of this research are to identify UHI phenomenon and analyze the ecological condition in Semarang City using Landsat 7 ETM+ in 2002 and Landsat 8 OLI in 2019. Urban Thermal Field Variance Index (UTFVI) transformation is used to measure the intensity of UHI. Remote Sensing Ecological Index (RSEI) that based on principal component analysis transformation is used to analyze the urban ecological quality with the occurrence of UHI phenomenon. The results show that the land surface temperature mean value increase to 3,19°C so that some parts of Semarang occured UHI. The trend is also increased and stronger. It is consistent with the decrease of RSEI. The increase of temperature and UHI phenomenon during 2002-2019 impact on the degradation of urban ecological quality in Semarang City.
Spatial-temporal of the growth phase and rice varieties using sentinel-1a radar imagery in ciasem district, subang regency
Authors: Nurhuda A , Wibowo A , Kustiyo
Published: November 2022

Most Indonesians people consume rice as a staple food and monitoring of sufficient rice crop growth required for national food security. Remote sensing with Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data could use to observe the growth and classification of agricultural plants. The purpose of this research is to analyze spatial-temporal patterns of the growth phase and rice varieties in Ciasem District, Subang Regency. The Sentinel-1A radar image used to align research objectives based on VH backscatter polarization value in the planting period of 2018-2019. Google Earth Engine and maximum likelihood classification method used to process Sentinel-1A image data. The results showed that the rice-growing phase characteristic resulted in a trend of average backscatter value, which increased in the vegetative phase to the maturation phase and decreasing again after the harvest phase. Temporal average backscatter values in the rice planting period I was higher than period II. The spatial pattern of rice growing phase on planting period I start from the north to south, and planting period II starts from the south to north. The spatial patterns of rice varieties in the first and second planting periods categorized as random with the dominance of Inpari 42, Ciherang, and Mekongga varieties.
The impact of tourism development on the changes of the household economy in ciwidey tourism area, bandung regency, west java
Authors: Setiadi A , Rizqihandari N , Setiadi H
Published: November 2022

Ciwidey Tourism Area is a tourism destination in the Province of West Java which has a rapid development. In 2007, the provincial government officially declared the area as the agropolitan region. It stimulated the fundamental impact on the household economy in the area. This study aims to elaborate on the spatial pattern of household economy alteration due to tourism penetration. It is a descriptive stud y that relies on primary data that comes from field observation and questionnaire - interview with local people. The study exercises spatial dan time series analysis to analyze the change of occupation and income of households between before and after the year 2007. The results showed that the development of tourism is situated at a distance of 2.5 km-5 km outside the core of the tourism area. It was marked by the development of tourism objects, tourism attractions, and secondary facilities. Such development resulted in changes in the type of household economy, from both the “unemployed” and “agricultural” to the “tourism” households. This change in household types was followed by an increase in population income, mostly around the tourism core.
The vantage point of geopolitics: capturing indonesia’s maritime axis
Authors: Fathiraini N , Darmawan W , Ma’mur T , Fauzi W I
Published: November 2022

After the East Asia Summit in 2014, the Indonesia Maritime Axis became a priority under Joko Widodo’s administration. The maritime development aspect once articulated in the Djuanda Declaration in 1957, however, during several periods of leadership, the government marginalized the Maritime realm and was more directed to encourage agricultural as well as inland centric development vigorously. Truly unfortunate, it became contrast with the fact that Indonesia, as an archipelagic country based on the United Nations Convention for the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) in 1982, hibernated over periods to maritime development. This study examined Indonesia Maritime Axis policy from a geopolitics perspective in international relations and national interests. The research method utilized qualitative with a descriptive analysis approach. The main argument rest in a state which performed geopolitics in regional dynamics, prominently towards Indo-Asia-Pacific rim to achieve national interests. The United States and China tried to anchor down their influence over this vast and vibrant region while Indonesia seeks opportunities towards cooperation to increase economic growth. Furthermore, Indonesia firmly showcased a rising middle power, as well as an archipelagic country, which struggle to protect its maritime sovereignty.
The strategy of regional media in campaigning pollution control and damage of citarum river watershed in west java (a case study of the citarum harum program)
Authors: Zaenudin H , Komariah K S
Published: November 2022

It is a fact that the condition of the Citarum River is full of problems. The problems are about plastic waste, pollution of household waste, and industrial waste. To deal with the problems, the President intended to revitalize the Citarum River by establishing the Republic of Indonesia Presidential Regulation Number 15/2018 concerning the Acceleration of Pollution Control and Damage to the Citarum River watershed. The program is intently broadcasted through various mass media to raising people’s awareness of controlling pollution and damage of Citarum River watershed. It is the vital function of media to inform environmental insights and activate community actions (proper disposal of industrial and domestic wastes). By informing actual information, mass media can contribute to structuring social understanding and social-behaviour improvement. The present study employed a case study approach. The researchers focused on the deep-longitudinal aspects of Citarum Harum Program. The analysis was following stages; observation, data collection, analysis, and dissemination. The analysis was mainly based on interviews to reliable individuals ranging from mass media practitioner, government officials, activists, and scholars. The results shows that printed media, television, and radio have social responsibility to educate the society about the river protection. In addition, policies in several media are considered to be consistent in disseminating the messages and ideas as they also create innovations in structural, social, and cultural approaches.
Contribution of critical thinking in the disaster preparedness of geographic students
Authors: Raisa S , Maryani E , Ningrum E
Published: November 2022

Disaster Risk Reduction Efforts (PRB) continue to be built and addressed through various activities considering that Indonesia is a country that is prone to disasters. In the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, with an abundance of information The educational community as one of the important stakeholders Risk Reduction Efforts (PRB) were required to be critical of the information that was spread out including disaster information. However, students do not aware with the abundance of information available that is appropriate for the basis of disaster preparedness. Therefore the writing of this article aims to measure the level of critical thinking and its contribution to disaster preparedness, especially flooding, in geography education students. The research method chosen in this study is the Quantitative Survey. The results showed that the level of critical thinking and disaster preparedness of students included in the medium category. The results of the contribution of critical thinking to disaster preparedness showed the result of R square (R2) determination of 50.4%. This shows that critical thinking has an influence on student disaster preparedness. Therefore, it is time to think critically about information to be the focus in one of the efforts in disaster preparedness activities.
Integrated waste processing in pangandaran beach tourism area
Authors: Kastolani W , Darsiharjo  , Setiawan I , Supriatna U
Published: November 2022

Pangandaran Beach is one of the iconic tourist destinations in the province of West Java. This beach tourism area is a favorite of local tourists with a number of 3.9 million tourists at the end of 2018. The large number of tourist visits to Pangandaran Beach in addition to being economically profitable, also has a negative impact in the form of waste generation. Tourism activities produce organic waste in the form of hotel and restaurant food scraps and then inorganic waste such as plastic food wrappers, plastic bottles and others. Based on these problems in the research plan for three years, divided into three main focuses, namely in the first year is how integrated waste management for Pangandaran Beach tourism area. The focus of the second year research is the processing of waste from the food and beverage industry in Pangandaran Regency and in the third year is processing organic waste for freshwater fish feed. The research method used in the first year research is a descriptive method that aims to describe how waste processing has been done so far, community participation and how integrated waste management is in the Pangandaran Beach tourism area. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the processing of waste in the tourist area is still by collecting-transporting-dumping, the final disposal site (TPA) uses an open dumping system that is the garbage is disposed of without any treatment. Community participation in waste processing is in the medium category (score 56.5%) and integrated waste processing is still in the early stages of development.
Spatial analysis: overview of unfit for living in tanggamus regency-lampung
Authors: Miswar D , Sugiyanta I G , Yarmaidi  , Istiawati N F
Published: November 2022

This study aims to conduct spatial mapping to obtain data on the distribution of uninhabitable houses in Tanggamus Regency. Data collection was carried out by survey related to the location of the coordinates of the uninhabitable house and its conditions, literature study, interviews, and documentation supported by data from related agencies. Data analysis was performed using ArcGIs software and qualitative descriptive with a spatial approach. The results showed: the location of the uninhabitable houses in Tanggamus Regency, based on the coordinates of as many as 6,042 houses and the map of the distribution of houses unfit for habitation in each district. The conclusions in this study indicate that the map of the distribution of houses unfit for habitation in each sub-district can be used for regional development planning, especially in Tanggamus Regency.
Livelihood sustainability of small-scale fishermen in depok beach, special region of yogyakarta
Authors: Pratiwi M M , Susiloningtyas D , Susilowat M H D , Handayani T
Published: November 2022

Marine fisheries activities on the southern coast of Special Region of Yogyakarta province, especially in the Depok Beach area, has gradually developed. Small-scale fishermen as a group of people classified as poor rely on livelihood assets accessible by them. Sustainable Livelihood Approach (SLA) is used to enhance understanding of the livelihoods of the poor. This research aims to analyze the livelihood level of small-scale fishermen at Depok Beach in 2020. The methods used in this research are quantitative descriptive analysis to determine the level of sustainability and spatial analysis by dividing the study area into three radii, i.e. 0-500 meters, 500-1000 meters, 1000-1500 meters, and beyond 1500 meters from the coast. Fishers living in 0-500 meters, 500-1000 meters, 1000-1500 meters, and beyond 1500 meters from the coastline, in general, had a high level of assets, meaning that the natural resources (fish stocks) are not depleting, financial condition is sufficient, the infrastructure available is adequate, majority of fishers attended formal education and are members of fishing societies or another social group. Overall, based on the calculation of the average score, livelihood of fishermen in Depok Beach are considered sustainable.
Describing the impacts of the extreme weather event on plants communities in Cibodas Botanic Gardens
Authors: Hidayat I W
Published: November 2022

From November 30th to December 1st, 2017 has occurred extreme weather events in the Cibodas Botanic Gardens (CBG) and its surroundings. At that short moment, it has destructed many plant collections and tended to become an ecological disaster on a microscale. It has highly suspected that this happened due to the heavy rainfall and strong wind. This study aimed to analyze the volume of rain rate and wind speed conditions at pre-, on-, and post- those periods, compared to the circumstances from 2017 to June 2018, those impacts on the lost number of trees and shrubs, and to describe the CBG operator emergency response procedures. The rain rate and wind speed were inventoried monthly, but on those two days, they were inventoried hourly. The number of plant losses assessed by census analysis and the response procedures has been adjusted based on CBG ISO 9001:2015. A regression test was conducted to examine the correlation between the number of losses, rain rate, and wind speed. Results showed a maximum rain rate of 58.8 mm hour-1 and the highest wind speed up to 83.7 km hour-1 in those periods, which caused losses of 48 trees and five shrubs. The maximum wind speed was the main factor in the plant loss occurrence, where the correlation was strongly positive. However, the operator only required less than three days to manage the impacts by reporting, documentation, and inventorying the damages, cutting the collapsed trees, and cleaning and reorganizing the environment. This study has expected to provide an overview of how's CBG capability in addressing extreme weather impacts.
Preferences of Jakarta citizens toward spatial arrangements of trees within various cemeteries across cultures and contexts
Authors: Hidayatulloh D , Fatimah I S
Published: November 2022

Jakarta is among the cities severely affected by climate change, hence the increasing urgency of planting more trees in the city. Existing green spaces, including cemeteries, can provide spaces to plant more trees. Public cemeteries in Jakarta contribute 21.66% to the sum of the city’s open green space area, suggesting their importance as green spaces in Jakarta. However, planting more trees in Jakarta’s cemeteries may face problems, such as excessive need for burials. This condition generates a need to search for ideas to arrange trees from various cultures and contexts, while considering Jakarta’s citizen aspirations. This study aims to explain numerous spatial arrangements of trees within cemeteries between different places of the world, as well as to collect tree arrangement preferences from Jakarta citizens. This study is carried out online and depends mainly on two methods: literature analysis and survey of fifty three Jakarta citizens. The literature analysis explains the diverse contexts of tree arrangements, ranging from traditional beliefs to legal and functional needs, as well as constraints facing the arrangements. The survey consists of pictures and short descriptions of various tree arrangements previously explained in literature analysis. The final outcome of this study is a detailed data set of tree arrangement preferences from Jakarta citizens, expressed in percentages of how much respondents liked and disliked each tree arrangement. Nine tree arrangement patterns are devised, with preference percentages ranging from 28.3% to 81.13% for each pattern. The most preferred patterns are lined big trees on two sides of roads (81.13%), lined big trees per three grave rows (73.58%), and lined big trees on one side of roads (64.15%). Meanwhile, the least preferred patterns are small trees as gravestone replacements, and small trees on the middle of graves (both 28.3%), followed by small trees on the opposing side of gravestones (32.08%).
Safety Route and Facility Planning for Student in Education Area
Authors: Praja S W , Darmawan R W
Published: November 2022

The educational area in the city of Magelang is also near the central Business District (CBD). The schools are SDN 6 Magelang, SMPN 4 Magelang, SMPN 1 Magelang, SMPN 2 Magelang, SMKN 3 Magelang. These Schools are located on two roads namely Jl. Pahlawan and Jl Kapten Pierre Tendean. From data the traffic unit of Magelang city, accidents from 2018 to 2020 there were 292 accident victims that resulted in students. The data shows that the number of accidents involving students ranks first in traffic accidents in magelang city. The highest accident time was at 06.00-12.00 with 307 incidents explaining that the accident rate occurred during school hours. The problem with public transportation in the area is that the standard of public transportation services is still low, especially in that area, the waiting time is long where the average student waits 15 to 20 minutes when they want to use transportation facilities in the are therefore, many people choose private transportation

The Based on the results of the analysis, routes will be determined, the provision of facilities, the impact of Rute Aman Selamat Sekolah (School safety route) and the design of pedestrian areas, cyclist, public transportation and private transportation, in addition to that, drop points, bus stop facilities for each school and tecnial specifications of road markings according to ISO Standars (9001:2015) will be determined.
Model of Change in People’s Movement Due to Closed Environment During the Covid 19 Pandemic
Authors: Khotimah K , Sari N
Published: November 2022

Since the occurrence of the Corona-19 virus in 2020, the Ministry of Transportation has issued various policies, including PM No. 18 of 2020, PM No. 25 of 2020, and SE No. 4 of 2020. These policies have certainly had an impact on human movement.

The purpose of this study was to see the magnitude of changes in community movement due to a closed environment during the Covid-19 pandemic and the model of community movement during the COVID-19 pandemic. To get a model of community movement that is appropriate by looking at the aspect of the relationship between community movements in DKI Jakarta and the spread of covid as the independent variable in building the model. Data sources for the decline in movement come from related agencies such as the Covid-19 Task Force (https://covid19.go.id/), and Google Mobility Report (GMR).

The decrease in community movement due to the COVID-19 pandemic for retail and recreational activities decreased by 37%, grocery and pharmacy decreased by 13%, parking decreased by 48%, transit stations decreased by 61%, workplace decreased by 73%, and residential increased by 22 %. The results of the cubic polynomial modeling between the spread of Corona-19 Virus cases are in line with the independent variable time increment with the model results, namely Y = 5749.095 - 217.504 T + 2,403 T2 + 0.001 T3, with the dependent variable - Y, which is a cumulative case of Corona-19 Virus while the independent variable - X, is the time of the spread of Corona-19 Virus. This means that the number of people who are confirmed positive for the corona-19 virus will increase along with the cubic polynomial from the time after being infected following the Y = 5749.095 - 217.504·T + 2,403 T·2 + 0.001T·3 model.
Exploring Perceptions on Online Plant Shops: A Case Study of South Triangle Residents
Authors: Reyes S , Navarra N
Published: November 2022

The increasing presence of online plant shops is continually captivating a larger community and casually changing the lifestyle and purchasing habits of people. Specifically, the availability of social media as a purchasing channel in this current pandemic enables a convenient means of buying ornamental plants. This paper aims at exploring the perception and experiences of South Triangle residents on online plant shops and the impacts of the pandemic on their plant purchasing habits and behavior. South Triangle, where informants were selected is the lifestyle tourism district of Quezon City. It is a typical urban community that has been affected by the pandemic and residents have resorted to online transactions. To achieve the goal, in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with eleven (11) key informants residing in South Triangle who identified themselves as plant parents. Interview data suggest that online plant shops are perceived and accepted as a convenient channel for purchasing ornamental plants, but informants prefer physical plant shops for quality checks and the tangible experience expressing both cognitive and behaviorist approaches to consumer behavior. Most of the informants began their plant hobby as a coping response to the psychological effect and recreational limitations of the pandemic. Results suggest a significant impact of the pandemic on online plant shop growth and the increasing number of plant parents. The notable growth of the ornamental plants industry now poses the question of how online plant shops will continually thrive in a post-pandemic setting.
Typologies of Open Space in Quezon City’s Lifestyle-Tourism District
Authors: Dela Cruz J M , Navarra N
Published: November 2022

Quezon City is the largest city in the National Capital Region (NCR) composed of different districts. This study looked at the history of Quezon City and explored the potential of one of its districts, the Lifestyle-Tourism District. The aim is to identify the open spaces in the district and develop a methodology to classify them and determine their functions. The different open spaces are identified based on the adapted definitions from related literature. The open spaces are classified into typologies based on surface cover, accessibility, and functions. The functions of the typologies of open space are then determined based on the sociocultural services they can provide. The study found there are few open space typologies in the northern part of the district compared to the southern area where there is a degree of concentration of open spaces. The combined open spaces and their sociocultural services in the Lifestyle-Tourism District could strengthen the lifestyle and tourism components and gain the potential to serve as an intangible remnant of the original Frost-Arellano Plan.
The landscape design of Tanjung Pinggir Recreational Beach Batam as a children-friendly public open space
Authors: Alhakim M A , Anwar D R
Published: November 2022

The city of Batam, as one of the most rapid developing cities, needs to pay attention to the well-being of people, including children, in their activities. The government has developed a program called Children-friendly City (KLA), which is targeted by 2030, as a guarantee of the fulfillment of children's rights and protection. Therefore, it’s important to examine how the criteria of children-friendly public spaces are and make a model through design. One of the public spaces that potential to be developed is Tanjung Pinggir Beach. This beach is characterized by wide sandy beaches with shallow depths and calm waves, so it is very safe for children visitors. The research aims to identify the elements and characteristics of the site as a children-friendly recreational space, analyze the potential and constraints found on the site, then create a concept and landscape design of the Tanjung Pinggir Recreational Beach Batam as a children-friendly public open space. The research method uses a physical-biophysical, recreational carrying capacity, socio-culture and economy, as well as children-friendly infrastructure approaches. "Social Development Center: Public facility and social integration for sustainable community" is applied as basic concept, while the design concept carried is "Melayu Kitorang". Enhancement of aesthetic and social activities functions are carried out through the fulfillment of accessible, secure, healthy, safe, comfortable, and aesthetic.
Embedded 3D printing of dilute particle suspensions into dense complex tissue fibers using shear thinning xanthan baths
Authors: Trikalitis Vasileios D , Kroese Niels J J , Kaya Mert , Cofiño-Fabres Carla , ten Den Simone , Khalil Islam S M , Misra Sarthak , Koopman Bart F J M , Passier Robert , Schwach Verena , Rouwkema Jeroen
Published: November 2022

In order to fabricate functional organoids and microtissues, a high cell density is generally required. As such, the placement of cell suspensions in molds or microwells to allow for cell concentration by sedimentation is the current standard for the production of organoids and microtissues. Even though molds offer some level of control over the shape of the resulting microtissue, this control is limited as microtissues tend to compact towards a sphere after sedimentation of the cells. 3D bioprinting on the other hand offers complete control over the shape of the resulting structure. Even though the printing of dense cell suspensions in the ink has been reported, extruding dense cellular suspensions is challenging and generally results in high shear stresses on the cells and a poor shape fidelity of the print. As such, additional materials such as hydrogels are added in the bioink to limit shear stresses, and to improve shape fidelity and resolution. The maximum cell concentration that can be incorporated in a hydrogel-based ink before the ink’s rheological properties are compromised, is significantly lower than the concentration in a tissue equivalent. Additionally, the hydrogel components often interfere with cellular self-assembly processes. To circumvent these limitations, we report a simple and inexpensive xanthan bath based embedded printing method to 3D print dense functional linear tissues using dilute particle suspensions consisting of cells, spheroids, hydrogel beads, or combinations thereof. Using this method, we demonstrated the self-organization of functional cardiac tissue fibers with a layer of epicardial cells surrounding a body of cardiomyocytes.
Preparation of hydrophobic stearic acid-modified Fe3O4/graphite oxide/melamine sponge for oil-water separation
Authors: Lin Bo , Chen Wan-Yi , Lam Kwok-Ho , Shi Na , Shi Bo , Yang Ying , Yang Yu-Ma , He Fu-An , Jiang Li-Wang
Published: November 2022

A fluorine-free strategy was developed for the hydrophobic modification of the melamine (MA) sponge, in which both the stearic acid-modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles (SA-Fe3O4) and the graphite oxide were immobilized on the MA sponge with the use of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane by a drop-coating method to prepare the SA-Fe3O4/GO/MA sponge for oil-water separation. The structure of the SA-Fe3O4/GO/MA sponge was investigated by FITR, WAXD, SEM, two-dimensional EDS mapping, TGA, and VSM. The contact angles of the SA-Fe3O4/GO/MA sponge prepared with different amounts of SA-Fe3O4 and GO were in the range of 140.2° − 145.0°, which confirmed the successful hydrophobic surface modification for the MA sponge. The demonstrations exhibited that the SA-Fe3O4/GO/MA sponge could separate the oil from the oil-water mixture by both direct absorption and gravity-driven filtration. Additionally, the SA-Fe3O4/GO/MA sponge possessed not only high absorption capacities for peanut oil, n-hexane, soybean oil, and diesel oil, but also good abilities of being able to recollect magnetically and reuse. The proposed preparation strategy and overall performance of SA-Fe3O4/GO/MA sponge were promising for the oil-water separation in the future.
1DCNN-BiGRU network for surface roughness level detection
Authors: Pan Zengren , Liu Yanhui , Li Zhiwei , Xun Qiwen , Wu Ying
Published: November 2022

Surface roughness was regarded as an essential indicator of the quality of machining. In machining demands, it was often necessary that the surface roughness of the workpiece lies in a specific range.For this reason , it was significant to detect the surface roughness level of the workpiece. For the traditional roughness detection methods with high manual involvement and unable to achieve automation, this paper proposed a new artificial intelligence detection approach. The approach consisted of a 1-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network (1DCNN) and a Bi-directional Gated Recurrent Unit Network(BiGRU), called the 1DCNN-BiGRU model. 1DCNN-BiGRU accomplished the detection of roughness levels by classifying surface images directly, without extracting specific roughness features. First, 1DCNN was applied to automate the extraction of roughness-related features along the texture direction of the product surface image. Subsequently, the feature sequences extracted by 1DCNN were fed into BiGRU to learn the overall dependence of the roughness on the sequences. Experiments were performed on a 45steel workpiece roughness image dataset. The 1DCNN-BiGRU model gave 90.60% and 88.06% detection performance on the training and test sets, respectively.
Effect of B on microstructure and properties of joints brazed by In-situ Ag-Cu-Zn-Sn filler metal with high Sn content
Authors: Zhong Sujuan , Li Yunpeng , Shi Yinkai , Qin Jian , Yu Hua , Cui Datian , Long Weimin
Published: November 2022

The copper brazed joints were obtained by induction brazing using in situ synthetic high Sn content silver filler metals with different B contents and the effect of element B on the wettability of filler metals and microstructure and mechanical properties of the joints were studied. With the addition of element B, the spreading area of the filler metals on the copper increases. The microstructure of the joints mainly consists of silver-based solid solution and copper-based solid solution, and the distribution of silver-based solid solution in the brazing seam becomes dispersed with the addition of B. The width of the brazing seam increases significantly with the increase in B content. Meanwhile, the B element was mainly distributed in the Ag-based solid solution. The tensile strength firstly increased and then sharply decreased with B added. The maximum average tensile strength of 206.83 MPa was obtained with a 2% addition of B and the joint fracture pattern is a brittle fracture.
Spatiotemporal covariance functions for Laplacian ARMA fields in higher dimensions
Authors: Terdik György
Published: November 2022

This paper presents clear formulae of the covariance functions of Laplacian ARMA fields in terms of coefficients and Bessel functions in higher spatial dimensions. Spectral methods are used for the study of spatiotemporal Laplacian ARMA fields in Euclidean spaces and spheres therein with dimension

d
≥
2

d\geq 2

.
Revisiting recurrence criteria of birth and death processes. Short proofs
Authors: Zakusylo Oleg
Published: November 2022

The paper contains several new transparent proofs of criteria appearing in classification of birth and death processes (BDPs). They are almost purely probabilistic and differ from the classical techniques of three-term recurrence relations, continued fractions and orthogonal polynomials. Let

T
∞

{T^\infty }

be the passage time from zero to

∞
\infty

. The regularity criterion says that

T
∞

>
∞

{T^\infty } > \infty

if and only if

E

T
∞

>
∞

\mathbb {E}{T^\infty } > \infty

. It is heavily based on a result of Gong, Y., Mao, Y.-H. and Zhang, C. [J. Theoret. Probab. 25 (2012), no. 4, 950–980]. We obtain the latter expectation by using a two-term recurrence relation. We observe that the recurrence criterion is an immediate consequence of the well-known recurrence criterion for discrete-time BDPs and a result of Chung K. L. [Markov Chains with Stationary Transition Probabilities, Springer-Verlag, New York (1967)]. We obtain the classical criterion of positive recurrence using technique of the common probability space. While doing so, we construct a monotone sequence of BDPs with finite state spaces converging to BDPs with an infinite state space.
Physical Activity Trends Among Adults in a National Mobile Health Program: A Population-Based Cohort Study of 411,528 Adults
Authors: Ang Gregory , Edney Sarah Martine , Tan Chuen Seng , Lim Nicole , Tan Jeremy , Müller-Riemenschneider Falk , Chen Cynthia
Published: November 2022

Physical inactivity is a global public health challenge, and effective, large-scale interventions are needed. We examined the effectiveness of a population-wide mobile health (mHealth) intervention in Singapore, National Steps Challenge Season 3 (NSC3) and 2 booster challenges (Personal Pledge and Corporate Challenge). The study includes 411,528 participants. We used regression discontinuity design and difference-in-difference with fixed-effects regression to examine the association of NSC3 and the additional booster challenges on daily step counts. Participants tended to be female (58.5%), with an average age of 41.5 years (standard deviation, 13.9) and body mass index (weight (kg)/height (m)2) of 23.8 (standard deviation, 4.5). We observed that NSC3 was associated with a mean increase of 1,437 steps (95% confidence interval (CI): 1,408, 1,467) per day. Enrollments in Personal Pledge and Corporate Challenge were associated with additional mean increases of 1,172 (95% CI: 1,123, 1,222) and 896 (95% CI: 862, 930) steps per day, respectively. For NSC3, the associated mean increase in the step counts across different sex and age groups varied, with greater increases for female participants and those in the oldest age group. We provide real-world evidence suggesting that NSC3 was associated with improvements in participants’ step counts. Results suggest NSC3 is an effective and appealing population-wide mHealth physical activity intervention.
Beyond Language: The Complex Positioning Work by Language Teachers in an Integration Classroom
Authors: Lønsmann Dorte
Published: November 2022

This article investigates the roles of language teachers in a language and integration programme in Denmark. The results show that the teachers’ work goes beyond the role of language teacher per se. The teachers are shown to take on the role of integration workers, who, as part of the integration system, contri­bute to socializing the students into a marginalized position. At the same time, the teachers also use their agency to bend the rules and help their students. While the teachers fulfil the role of mediators who set aside time to help students find their way in the Danish bureaucracy, they also struggle to set boundaries for their students. Finally, the teachers balance the role of cheerleaders who keep the students’ hopes up, with the role of realists who bring a sobering outlook on refugees’ prospects in the labour market. This study contributes to the field of applied linguistics by highlighting the daily positioning work done by teachers in language and integration programmes in a delicate balancing act between marginalizing and empowering students.
3DPolyS-LE: an accessible simulation framework to model the interplay between chromatin and loop extrusion
Authors: Gitchev Todor , Zala Gabriel , Meister Peter , Jost Daniel
Published: November 2022

Recent studies suggest that the loop extrusion activity of Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes complexes is central to proper organization of genomes in vivo. Polymer physics-based modeling of chromosome structure has been instrumental to assess which structures such extrusion can create. Only few laboratories however have the technical and computational expertise to create in silico models combining dynamic features of chromatin and loop extruders. Here, we present 3DPolyS-LE, a self-contained, easy to use modeling and simulation framework allowing non-specialists to ask how specific properties of loop extruders and boundary elements impact on 3D chromosome structure. 3DPolyS-LE also provides algorithms to compare predictions with experimental Hi-C data.

Availability and implementation

Software available at https://gitlab.com/togop/3DPolyS-LE; implemented in Python and Fortran 2003 and supported on any Unix-based operating system (Linux and Mac OS).

Supplementary information

Supplementary information are available at Bioinformatics online.
Age-related macrophage alterations are associated with carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer
Authors: Li Yinuo , Zhao Yahui , Gao Yang , Li Yu , Liu Mei , Xu Ningzhi , Zhu Hongxia
Published: November 2022

Older age is a major risk factor for colorectal cancer. Macrophage is one of the most abundant immune cell types infiltrated in colorectal cancer, but the contribution of macrophages in elder tumor microenvironment is far from clear. In this study, we first detected the expression of CD206, CD68 in colorectal cancer tissues by multiplex fluorescence immunohistochemical staining. The infiltration of CD68+/CD206+ cells in tumor tissues from old patients was higher than those from young patients. When mixed with CT26 cells, both young and aged TAMs enhanced tumor growth of CT26 cells, but CT26 mixed with aged TAMs form larger tumors compared with young TAMs. CT26 formed more and larger tumors in the abdominal cavity of aged mice compared with young. Total macrophage infiltration and the CD206+ macrophages infiltration were both higher in aged mice compared with young mice. The expression signatures of tumor-associated macrophages altered with ageing and p-NF-κB translocation to nucleus was more significant in TAMs from aged mice compared with young. Our results showed that infiltration of macrophages in colorectal cancer tissues increased with ageing. Macrophages from aged host were more likely to polarize to pro-tumor phenotype, and more powerful in promoting tumor cell proliferation.
The ethics of food sovereignty: discourses for transformative social change and community development practices by peasant movements
Authors: Cruz Daniel , van de Fliert Elske
Published: November 2022

The food sovereignty movement is a global alliance of peasants aiming to create democratic, sustainable, and decentralized food systems. The radical strategy of the movement, aimed at promoting a global peasant identity and collective action for food systems’ transformation, is a community development endeavour that encompasses processes of social learning, community building, and community organizing. The food sovereignty movement provides relevant insights about the ethical challenges involved in building and mobilizing transnational solidarity. This paper explores the global food sovereignty movement of La Vía Campesina and two cases of local, farmer-led movements in India, namely Navdanya and The Deccan Development Society, through a constructivist qualitative case study methodological design. The paper analyses the ethical challenges experienced and explores the roles and responsibilities that community development workers play in facilitating transformative social change in the food systems. This paper demonstrates that the main challenge of building solidarity involves reconciling multiple visions and practice frameworks, through the respect of diversity and democratic choice. Finally, the paper highlights ethical considerations (such as overcoming binary logics), the crafting of community-led discourses, and pedagogical practices (such as Wisdom Dialogues), as key elements to guide community development workers to aid the facilitation of processes for identity building, conscientization, and collective action.
Obesity-Related Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Weight Gain Following First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Berenguer Juan , Jarrín Inmaculada , Bellón José M , Díez Cristina , Jiménez-Sousa María A , Roca Cristina , González-García Juan , Dalmau David , Olalla Julián , Herrero Carmen , Villarroya Francesc , Domingo Pere , Resino Salvador
Published: November 2022

Background

We studied the association of obesity-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (OR-SNPs) with weight gain after antiretroviral therapy (ART) in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; PWH).

Methods

Participants were ART-naive PWH from the Spanish HIV Research Cohort who started ART from 2014 onward and had blood/DNA deposited in the cohort Biobank. The primary outcome was change in weight at 96 weeks after starting ART. We genotyped 14 OR-SNPs from a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of body mass index (BMI) loci. Changes over time in weight and BMI were studied using adjusted linear mixed models.

Results

A total of 1021 PWH were included. The mean weight gain over 96 weeks was 2.90 (95% confidence interval, 2.54–3.26) kg. Factors associated with higher weight gain were female sex, birth in sub-Saharan Africa, prior AIDS, CD4+ <200 cells/µL, HIV-RNA >100 000 copies/mL, negative hepatitis C virus serology, and use of tenofovir alafenamide. A significant association was found between ZC3H4 rs3810291 GG genotype and BCDIN3D/FAIM2 rs7138803 GG genotype polymorphisms and weight and BMI increase. The estimated adjusted mean (standard error [SE]) of weight gain was 4.26 (0.56) kg in ZC3H4 rs3810291 GG carriers and 2.66 (0.19) kg in AA/AG carriers (P = .007). Likewise the estimated weight gain at 96 weeks was 3.35 (0.29) kg in BCDIN3D/FAIM2 rs7138803 GG carriers and 2.51 (0.24) kg in AG/AA carriers (P = .020).

Conclusions

Genetic factors may play a role in weight gain after ART initiation. Further work is needed to replicate our findings and understand how the identified SNPs lead to higher weight gain in this context.