bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of alignment efficacy and arch dimensions changes with superelastic-, heat-activated-, and seven stranded coaxial nickel-titanium archwires during fixed orthodontic treatment – A double-blind randomized clinical trial
Authors: Sharma Shivani , Verma Sanjeev , Kumar Vinay , Verma Raj Kumar , Singh Satinder Pal
Published: May 2023

Objectives:

The objectives of this study were to compare the alignment efficacy, changes in arch dimensions, and pain experience with three different nickel-titanium (NiTi) archwires.

Material and Methods:

Forty-five subjects were subjected to indirect bonding in the mandibular arch, and allocated to three groups using block randomization; Group 1 (0.014” Superelastic NiTi), Group 2 (0.014” 27° Copper NiTi), and Group 3 (0.016” seven stranded coaxial NiTi archwire). The mandibular study models were retrieved periodically at 4-week intervals for 12 weeks, which were blinded to measure the change in Little’s irregularity index (LII) and dental arch dimensions. Pain and discomfort were recorded with visual analog scale at five different time intervals, namely, immediately after bonding (0) and at 1-, 4-, 8-, and 12-h for initial 7 days. Repeated analysis of variance, Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test, post hoc Bonferroni test, and Friedman’s test was applied for the comparison and was used for data analysis.

Results:

A significant reduction of LII score and increase inarch length, intercanine, interpremolar, and intermolar width (P ≤ 0.001) were observed after 12 weeks among all groups. However, intergroup comparison showed significant mean changes only for intercanine width (Group 1 versus 3) and interpremolar width (Groups 1 and 3; Groups 2 and 3). All other variables were found to be insignificant at all-time intervals when compared among each group. The increase in pain score was maximum with Group 1and least with Group 3.

Conclusion:

All archwires were found to be effective in reducing the LII score. Nevertheless, Group 3 archwire could achieve reduction of LII to zero in 14% of subjects than Groups 1 and 2.
Super refractory status epilepticus as a possible manifestation of COVID-19 disease
Authors: Kumar Mukesh , Bhoi Sanjeev Kumar , Jha Menka , Naik Suprava
Published: May 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is one of the worst pandemics in history, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, a novel zoonotic coronavirus. COVID-19 disease can present from asymptomatic or mild infection to rapidly progressive, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and death. Neurological presentation is not so uncommon now. Super refractory status epilepticus (SRSE) can be a possible manifestation of COVID-19 disease. Here, we report a patient affected by COVID-19 who presented with SRSE.
Evaluation and correlation of nociceptive response index and spectral entropy indices as monitors of nociception in anesthetized patients
Authors: Ajayan Neeraja , Hrishi Ajay Prasad , Mathew Oommen , Saravanan Gourinandan
Published: May 2023

Objectives:

During anesthesia, the response to these stimuli depends on the balance between nociception and antinociception. Recently, various monitoring systems based on the variables derived from electroencephalography, plethysmography, autonomic tone, reflex pathways, and composite algorithms have been introduced for monitoring nociception. The main aim of our study was to evaluate and correlate the physiological variables which reflect the autonomic nervous system response to nociception, such as heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), perfusion index (PI), and nociceptive response index (NRI), with the spectral entropy indices response entropy (RE) and RE-state entropy (SE), which reflects electromyographic (EMG) activation as a response to pain.

Materials and Methods:

This is a retrospective analysis of the data from a prospective study on the hypnotic and analgesic effects and the recovery profile of sevoflurane-based general anesthesia. Eighty-six patients undergoing single-agent sevoflurane anesthesia were recruited in the study. The study parameters, HR, SBP, SE, RE, RE-SE, PI, and NRI, were recorded at predefined time points before and after a standardized noxious stimulus. Correlation between the variables was carried out by applying the Pearson correlation equation for normal and the Spearman correlation equation for non-normally distributed data. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) graphs were plotted, and the area under the curve was calculated to assess the diagnostic accuracy of post-stimulus NRI in detecting pain which was defined as RE-SE >10.

Results:

There was a significant increase in the SBP, HR, NRI, RE, SE, and RE-SE and a considerable decrease in PI values during the post-noxious period compared to the pre-noxious period. There was no correlation between the absolute values of NRI and entropy indices at T2. However, among the reaction values, there was a weak correlation between the reaction values of NRI and RE (r = 0.30; P = 0.05). The area under the ROC curve for NRI to detect pain as defined by RE-SE >10 was 0.56.

Conclusion:

During sevoflurane anesthesia, the application of noxious stimulus causes significant changes in variables reflecting sympathetic response and EMG activity. However, NRI failed to detect nociception, and there was only a weak correlation between the reaction values of NRI and RE-SE.
Clinical and bacteriological profile of primary pyoderma: A cross sectional study
Authors: James Arya , George Sandhya , Shanimole Puthenpurayil Ebrahimkutty
Published: May 2023

Objectives:

To evaluate the clinical and bacteriological profile and antibiotic susceptibility pattern in primary pyodermas.

Materials and Methods:

A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in patients with clinically diagnosed primary pyodermas and who attended the outpatient department of dermatology of a tertiary care center in South India from December 2017 to June 2019.

Results:

During the study period, 180 patients received a clinical diagnosis of primary pyoderma. Most common clinical type was impetigo followed by folliculitis. Most common age group affected was children below ten years of age (74 cases, 41.1%). Sixty five patients (36.1%) had lesions confined to lower limbs. Among the study participants, 26 (14.4%) were on prolonged treatment with systemic corticosteroids. Gram stain study helped in the diagnosis in 115 (63.9%) patients. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was the predominant pathogen (92 cases, 51.1%). A significant proportion of S. aureus isolates showed resistance to penicillin (90/92, 97.8%) and erythromycin (36/92, 39.1%). The pathogen isolated was methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in 28 cases (28/92, 30.4%). All isolates of Group A Streptococcus were sensitive to penicillins and first generation cephalosporins.

Limitations:

It was a single center study, conducted in a tertiary referral hospital; hence did not reflect the status of the disease in the community. Complete information on prior antibiotic treatment was not available in all patients.

Conclusion:

Pyodermas showed a predilection for younger age group. Impetigo was the leading primary pyoderma. Gram stain is a valuable, but an often neglected tool to diagnose a bacterial infection. Many isolates of S. aureus showing resistance to penicillin and erythromycin and identification of MRSA as the pathogen in many patients highlight the need for periodic assessment of pathogens and drug susceptibility patterns in different population groups to ensure judicious use of antibiotics.
A case of toxin-induced neuromyotonia
Authors: Yadav Praveen Kumar , Panda Ashwini Kumar
Published: May 2023

Neuromyotonia is a rare acquired neuromuscular disorder with autoantibodies manifesting as a paraneoplastic syndrome after certain neoplasms or after some toxin exposure. Toxins include heavy metal poisoning like mercury ingestion in the form of indigenous medicines. Here, we report a case of neuromyotonia in a patient pre-exposed to “Siddha” medicine.
ANALISIS PROFITABILITAS RESIKO USAHA RETURN ON EQUITY BANK NTB PASCA MELAKUKANKONVERSI MENJADI BANK UMUM SYARIAH
Authors: Hasanah Nur Jumratul , Busaini  , Chaidir Taufiq
Published: May 2023

BPD NTB resmi melakukan konversi ke sistem syariah pada tahun 2018. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis FDR, BOPO, NPF dan FBIR sebagai indikator penentu profitabilitas berpengaruh terhadap ROE pada Bank NTB pasca konversi menjadi Bank Umum Syariah. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian ekplanatif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan merupakan data laporan publikasi PT Bank NTB Syariah periode tahun 2020 sampai dengan tahun 2022. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa FDR, BOPO dan FBIR berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap ROE berdasarkan hasil uji secara parsial menggunakan uji t berturut-turut sebesar 2.62; -11.09; -3.03; dengan probability value berturut-turut sebesar 0.01; 0.00; 0.0049, artinya bernilai lebih besar dari taraf nyata 0.05, sehingga H0 dapat ditolak. Sedangkan NPF tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ROE dengan nilai uji t -1.09. Probability value 0.28. Berdasarkan uji F terhadap ROE sebesar 42.55 probability value sebesar 0.00, maka variabel-variabel independen secara bersama-sama berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap ROE sebesar 42.55%. Artinya masing-masing sisanya dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain.
Strategi Pemasaran dalam Meningkatkan Jumlah Nasabah Bank Pembiayaan Rakyat Syariah (BPRS) Lantabur Tebuireng Sidoarjo
Authors: Ivanka Mira Nur Aini  , M. Ruslianor Maika
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa mengenai strategi pemasaran Bank Pembiyaan Rakyat Syariah (BPRS) Lantabur Tebuireng Sidoarjo dalam meningkatkan jumlah nasabah. Teori yang dipakai dalam menganalisa adalah teori STP (segmentation, targeting, positioning) dan analisis SWOT dalam memperhatikan situasi serta keadaan pasar Bank Pembiyaan Rakyat Syariah Lantabur Tebuireng Sidoarjo. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif, serta menggunakan sumber data primer dengan cara observasi, dokumentasi dan wawancara yang selanjutnya dianalisa serta di tentukan sebuah kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah BPRS Lantabur Tebuireng Sidoarjo menggunakan segmentasi pasar Bank pada segmentasi pasar investasi, serta targeting terletak pada kalangan menengah kebawah melalui maksimalkan kegiatan UMKM. Adapun positioning pada pasar BPRS Lantabur Tebuireng Sidoarjo memanfaatkan teori marketing Mix 4P, produk yang menarik nasabah, harga sesuai peraturan dan sistem, tempat yang strategis dan promosi dari brosur, personal selling, referensi dari nasabah. Pada analisis SWOT strategi pemasaran dapat menghasilkan sebuah alternatif strategi dalam meningkatkan jumlah nasabah Bank Pembiayaan Rakyat Syariah Lantabur Tebuireng Sidoarjo.
Analisis Strategi Pemasaran Online Produk Fashion Pada UMKM di Kota Surabaya
Authors: Mey Kurnia Lestari  , Masruchin  , Diah Krisnaningsih
Published: May 2023

Strategi pemasaran sebagai salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan daya saing dalam suatu usaha. Saat ini banyak UMKM yang memasarkan produknya secara online dengan mengandalkan teknologi internet. Dalam kegiatannya, UMKM hanya perlu memasarkan produknya melalui media E-Commerce sehingga mudah untuk menarik minat konsumen. E-Commerce juga tidak memerlukan modal yang besar dengan adanya internet dan produk yang akan dipasarkan pada media E-Commerce. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah 1) Untuk mengetahui strategi pemasaran produk fashion sacara online pada UMKM di Kota Surabaya. 2) Untuk mengetahui bagaimana pemasaran secara online yang dipengaruhi oleh bauran pemasaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus, pengumpulan data dilakukan melaui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Penelitian dilakukan juga menggunakan teknik SWOT. Dari hasil penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa yang dilakukan oleh UMKM dalam memasarkan produknya dengan menggunakan media E-Commerce. Dalam memasarkan produknya UMKM harus menyiapkan product (Barang/Jasa), price (Harga), distribution (Distribusi), dan promotion (promosi) dengan adanya tahap tersebut UMKM dapat mempersiapkan diri dalam mengdapai pesaing yang memiliki produk yang sama sehingga dapat mengurangi resiko kerugian penjualan.
Assessment of soil erosion using WSA and SPR techniques for Giri watershed, Himachal Pradesh, NW Himalaya, India
Authors: Negi Raghuveer , Sati Sarswati Prakash , Rawat Ashish , Jayal Tripti , Sharma Vikram , Kumar Parvendra , Chauhan Gambhir Singh
Published: May 2023

A watershed is the result of several geomorphic processes such as weathering, erosion, degradation and aggradation which are influenced by several factors viz. tectonics, lithology, climate, landslides and mass wasting processes etc. In a tropical climate, watersheds contribute a significant amount of eroded material which is reflecting the impact of lithology, precipitation, tectonics, relief and anthropogenic activities. In the Himalayan region besides significant heterogeneity in lithology, stratigraphy, structure and tectonics, it is observed that variability is exhibited in climatic conditions over a small region. These factors contribute to the development of geomorphic landforms and are best studied in watersheds or river basins. In the present study, Giri Watershed (GW) is assessed to contemplate susceptibility to erosion for 66 sub-watersheds using geomorphic parameters. The prioritization of subwatersheds has been done using Weighted Sum Analysis (WSA) and Sediment Production Rate (SPR) methods. The quantitative analysis of subwatersheds is categorized into different priority classes viz. very high, high, moderate, low and very low, among which 27 subwatersheds have very high to high susceptibility to erosion.
Earthquake Prediction using Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Singh G.
Published: May 2023

Due to natural processes of the earth, some major adverse events can occur like earthquakes, tsunamis, storms, fire storms, dust storms, floods, tornadoes, volcanic eruptions hurricanes etc. which can result into financial, environmental or human losses. An earthquake in a populated area may result into not only extensive damage to property but also to huge casualties and injuries. Thus prediction of earthquake is very necessary to avoid these losses. Convolution Neural Network (CNN) applied to earthquake prediction has been reviewed here.
Does Perceived Management Style Affect Decision-Making Self-Esteem? A Study on Sports Managers
Authors: ÇİFTÇİ Sevda , ALEMDAR Uğur , ALEV Alpay , ESKİLER Ersin
Published: May 2023

This research is carried out to examine the relationship between perceived managerial management styles and decision-making self-esteem (self-respect). The research is accomplished with the participation of 161 managers, 138 (85.7%) male and 23 (14.3%) female working in public and private sports institutions in Sakarya. The data are obtained by face-to-face survey technique from people determined by convenient sampling method. Descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling are used in the analysis of the data. According to the results of the research, a positive and significant relationship is found between the decision-making self-esteem of the participants and the autocratic and liberal management styles of their managers. A significant negative correlation is found between the decision-making self-esteem (DSE) and the democratic management (DM) approach of administrators. According to the managerial level, it is determined that while DM negatively affects the DSE in lower and middle level managers, this effect is insignificant. On the other hand, while the effect of autocratic management (AM) on DSE is positive and statistically significant in lower level managers, are negative and statistically insignificant middle level managers. Finally, while the effect of laissez-faire leadership (FLM) on DSE in lower level managers is not found to be positive and statistically significant, it is found to be positive and statistically significant in middle level managers.
Antibacterial Activity of Annona senegalensis Leaf Extract against Some Clinical Bacterial Isolates
Authors: Musa F.M. , Jaafaru I.A. , Muhammad J. , Idris H. , Ibrahim T.
Published: May 2023

Resistance to currently available antibiotics has been on the increase and many plant extracts have been known to treat various diseases caused by resistant strains of bacteria. This study was aimed at determining the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of Annona senegalensis leaf against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The leaf extract was screened for phytocompounds using standard analytical method.The antibacterial acitivity of the leaf extract against bacteria was determined using agar well diffusion method and broth dilution method. The results showed that ethanol extracts of A. senegalensis is highly effective against all bacteria tested at varied concentrations of extract with mean zones of inhibition that ranged from 8.5±0.7 mm – 16.5±0.71 mm, 7.0±00 mm – 17.0±1.41 mm and 11.5±0.71 mm – 20.5±0.71 against S. aureus, S. Typhi and P. aeruginosa. The leaf extract was more effective against P. aeruginosa with MIC and MBC of 12.5 mg/ml and 25 mg/ml. The leaf extract can be used to treat diseases caused by S. aureus, S. typhi and P. aeruginosa.
Protective Effect of Rutin and Vitamin E on Cobalt Chloride Induced Neurotoxicity
Authors:   Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Benin, Nigeria, Asenuga Ebunoluwa , Ajibade Temitayo ,   Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, Awoyomi Omolola ,   Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria, Ogunpolu Blessing , Oyagbemi Ademola , Omobowale Temidayo ,   School of Biomedical Science/Pharmacology, Kent State University, USA.,   Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
Published: May 2023

Toxic exposures to cobalt chloride could occur from dietary, occupational, and medical sources. This study evaluated the ameliorative effect of oral administration of rutin and vitamin E on cobalt chloride (CoCl2)-induced oxidative stress in the brain of rats following exposure to cobalt chloride (CoCl2) toxicity. Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups. Group 1 received only water, while group 2 received cobalt chloride (300 ppm) in drinking water. Groups 3, 4 and 5 also received cobalt chloride, but were treated with rutin (100 mg/kg body weight), rutin (200 mg/kg BW) and vitamin E (50 mg/kg BW) respectively for seven consecutive days. The rats were euthanized 24 hours after the last treatment. The brain was collected for biochemical and histopathological evaluations. The study demonstrated that cobalt chloride caused a significant (P<0.05) decrease in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione level, whereas the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) increased significantly (P<0.05). However, rutin and vitamin E treatment attenuated CoCl2-induced oxidative stress. Histopathological findings also revealed the ameliorative effect of rutin and Vitamin E on the neuronal damage caused by CoCl2 treatment.
Population-based Survey of Lifestyle Behaviours of Women with Varied Parity and Chronic Disease Statuses in Nigeria: A Discriminant, Classification Analysis
Authors:   Department of Biological Sciences, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijagun, Ogun State, Awofala Adeyemi , Ogundele Olusegun , Banjo Folake , Faleke Mary ,   Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijagun, Ogun State
Published: May 2023

The study aimed to explore the lifestyle behaviours of women with varied parity and chronic disease statuses in Nigeria. This was a representative of women population in Ogun State in the southwest of Nigeria recruited between March and June 2022 using stratified sampling among the twenty (20) local governments in the three senatorial districts of the state. Data on parity, chronic diseases, health status, dietary patterns, and anthropometric and lifestyle factors were collected using validated questionnaires. A total of seven hundred and ninety (790) women over 18 years old (range: 18 –78) and average body mass index (BMI) of 25.9 ± 4.3 (range: 15.2 – 44.2) participated in the study. Parity rate and the prevalence of chronic diseases were 50.4% and 14.4%, respectively. Parity was associated with demographic factors as the participants, more of widows and of other ethnic descent, reported direct and inverse relationships of live births with age and level of formal education, respectively. In addition, women with chronic diseases were significantly more common in the younger age group (≤ 44 years) than in the older one (> 44 years) (32.2% vs. 4.7%; p < 0.05) and in those more likely to have separated. Moreover, whilst parity was associated with walking and consumption of foods including meat products, eggs and fruits, chronic disease was only associated with physical activity. Our findings reveal that women who are parous and / or with chronic diseases are characterized by higher BMI and more elevated health distress and health interference.
Assessment of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WaSH) Status and Water Qualities Using Physicochemical and Bacteriological Indices at Automobile Spare-Parts Markets in Benin City, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Imarhiagbe E.E , Oriakhogba E. , Osayande A.G ,   Applied Environmental Bioscience and Public Health Research Group (AEBPH RG), University of Benin, Benin, Edo  State, Nigeria.
Published: May 2023

Global focus is currently on water, sanitation and hygiene (WaSH) due its public health and environmental significance. The aim of this study was to investigate the Water, Sanitation and Hygiene status of Uwelu and Evbareke spare parts markets in Benin City. Questionnaires were administered to evaluate the WaSH status of the markets. Physicochemical and bacteriological qualities of borehole water samples at the spare parts markets were investigated adopting standard analytical procedures and pour plate techniques respectively. Findings revealed that the pH values of Uwelu and Evbareke ranged from 5.28 - 5.29 and 4.78 - 5.11 respectively. The highest concentration of chloride was observed in Evbareke samples (49.70 mg/l) while that of nitrate and BOD5 were 2.06mg/l in Evbareke and 0.88mg/l in Uwelu respectively. Comparing the value recorded in this study with WHO recommended standard which is 0.01-0.015mg/l, the mean value for Evbareke spare-parts market exceeded the recommended limit for lead at 0.02±0.025 mg/l. Total heterotrophic bacterial counts ranged from 3.1 - 4.4 × 102 cfu/ml and 3.1 - 2.9 × 102 cfu/ml (Evbareke). The total coliform counts in Uwelu and Evbareke spare parts markets ranged from 4 - 9 MPN/ml and 0 - 20 MPN/ml. The array of bacteria isolates was Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp. Klebsiella sp. and Staphylococcus spp. Findings from this study suggest the urgent need to improve water safety, sanitation and hygiene policy of these studied popular automobile spare-parts markets in Benin City, Edo State.
Combination of Aspartame and Acesulfame Potassium Does not Alter Blood Glucose, Lipids and Cytokines of Female Rats
Authors:   Toxicology, Free Radical and Antioxidant Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural & Applied Sciences, Al - Hikmah University, P.M.B 1601, Adewole, Ilorin, Nigeria., Mukah F.E. , Osuagwu G.G.E , Ogbu M.D , Nnamani R.C. , Ugwu L.C ,   Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pure & Applied Sciences, Kwara State University, Malete, Kwara State.
Published: May 2023

Cola rostrata and Cola parchycarpa are under-utilized indigenous kola plants, known as achicha by the Igbo natives in Nigeria, whose fruit pulps are edible and tasty. The proximate, vitamins, minerals and phytochemicals constituent of the fruit epicarp, fruit pulp and seed of C. rostrata and C. parchycarpa were evaluated using standard analytical laboratory procedures. The results revealed that C. rostrata and C. parchycarpa fruit pulps contained high moisture contents (56.56 % and 58.83 %) and carbohydrates (31.30 % and 55.39 %) respectively. They also contained vitamins and minerals that are required for nutrition in humans and animals. However, C. rostrata fruit pulp had higher concentrations of magnesium (80.36 mg/100g), calcium (170.31 mg/100g), vitamin A (54.53 mg/100g), vitamin C (21.41 mg/100g) and vitamin E (4.25 mg/100g), while C. parchycarpa had higher concentrations of all the phytochemicals screened. These phytochemicals, if explored further, can be implored in the treatment of certain ailments. The fruit pulp can be recommended for individuals who suffer from calcium deficiency while the seed and fruit epicarp could be used in the formulation and fortification of animal feeds due to the substantial nutrient deposits in them as revealed by this study.
Comparative Proximate, Vitamins, Minerals and Phytochemical Analysis of Cola rostrata K. Schum. and Cola parchycarpa K. Schum.
Authors:   Department of Plant Science & Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture,  Umudike., Mukah F.E , Osuagwu G.G.E , Ogbu M.D , Nnamani R.C , Ugwu L.C
Published: May 2023

Cola rostrata and Cola parchycarpa are under-utilized indigenous kola plants, known as achicha by the Igbo natives in Nigeria, whose fruit pulps are edible and tasty. The proximate, vitamins, minerals and phytochemicals constituent of the fruit epicarp, fruit pulp and seed of C. rostrata and C. parchycarpa were evaluated using standard analytical laboratory procedures. The results revealed that C. rostrata and C. parchycarpa fruit pulps contained high moisture contents (56.56 % and 58.83 %) and carbohydrates (31.30 % and 55.39 %) respectively. They also contained vitamins and minerals that are required for nutrition in humans and animals. However, C. rostrata fruit pulp had higher concentrations of magnesium (80.36 mg/100g), calcium (170.31 mg/100g), vitamin A (54.53 mg/100g), vitamin C (21.41 mg/100g) and vitamin E (4.25 mg/100g), while C. parchycarpa had higher concentrations of all the phytochemicals screened. These phytochemicals, if explored further, can be implored in the treatment of certain ailments. The fruit pulp can be recommended for individuals who suffer from calcium deficiency while the seed and fruit epicarp could be used in the formulation and fortification of animal feeds due to the substantial nutrient deposits in them as revealed by this study.
Arachis hypogaea Seeds Reduced Glucose Metabolism in Colon of Rats Exposed to 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine Open Primary tabs configuration options Primary tabs
Authors:   Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Edo State, Nigeria, Obi F.O , Isoje A.O ,   2Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Michael and Cecilia Ibru  University, Agbarha –Otor, Delta State, Nigeria
Published: May 2023

The aim of this study was to ascertain the effects of peanut diet supplementation on glucose metabolism in rats exposed to 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine. Lactate dehydrogenase and glucose -6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities were used as indices for glucose metabolism. Eighty-four rats of both sexes were used for this study and were divided into seven groups of 6 rats each. 1, 2- dimethylhydrazine (DMH) was administered subcutaneously at a dose of 25 mg/kg body weight.Group A rats were maintained on rat feed, group B rats were maintained on rat feed and administered DMH once weekly for 12 weeks. The group C rats were administered DMH weekly for 24 weeks while on normal diet. Group D rats were administered DMH and feed for 12 weeks followed by peanut supplemented diet for the next 12 weeks. The group E rats received DMH weekly and peanut supplemented diet for 24 weeks while group F rats had peanut supplemented diet for 12 weeks before the administration of DMH for 12 weeks. Group G rats were maintained on only peanut supplemented diet for 24 weeks. Relative to the control and diet supplemented groups, Lactate dehydrogenase and Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased in the colon of the DMH-only treatment group. Thus, increased glucose consumption occasioned by the exposure to DMH can be altered by the peanut supplementation in the diets of exposed rats.
Illuminance in Office Workstations and Related Health Risks in a Tertiary Institution within Edo State, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City,, Anao Osemudiamen , Edene Osemhen ,   Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun, Delta  State
Published: May 2023

The extent of illumination within work places contributes to the productivity and wellbeing of the employees. Due to its relevance, health and safety organizations around the world have continued to instruct and enlighten employers on the necessity to place satisfactory lighting equipment’s and mechanisms in place to guarantee the constant safety and wellbeing of their employees. This research is aimed at accessing the illuminance levels in office work stations in the Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin. Survey method was used to obtain primary data on the perception of the employees about illumination levels within their work environment and associated health risk. Illumination levels were measured within the work environment using a digital lux meter. The values obtained were compared with standards as set by the Occupational Safety Health and Administration (OSHA). The surveys conducted revealed that majority of the workers were unsatisfied with the lighting conditions. Illuminance readings taken shows that majority of the workstations had levels below (194.0-453.0Lux) the recommended standard of 500Lux, while others were above (524.4-666.9Lux). Health risks associated with bad illumination includes: eyestrain, stress, teary eyes and headaches. It is recommended that illumination levels be adjusted in areas where they are considered lower or higher than the set standards within the work stations. Workers should also be enlightened on the possible health risks associated with poor lightening conditions together with regular checking of illumination levels in all work stations of the institute.
Language attitudes of BIPA students (Indonesian for foreign speakers) towards Indonesian
Authors: Hidayatullah Asep , Mulyati Yeti , Saputra Dedi , Lixian Xiao , Waeno Mahamadaree
Published: May 2023

Having a positive attitude towards Indonesian is a necessity. To have good Indonesian language skills, BIPA students must have a positive attitude towards Indonesian. This study aims to describe the language attitudes of BIPA students towards Indonesian. The method used in this research is descriptive method. The data used in this study were collected through a questionnaire technique. The statements given consist of three aspects, namely language loyalty, language pride, and awareness of language rules. Data obtained through a questionnaire, processed quantitatively. As a result, most BIPA students (71.81%) have a positive attitude towards Indonesian.
Ikhsaka Banu's reconciliation and resistance to the traumatic discourse of postcolonial subjects
Authors: Sanjaya Angga Trio , Wei Zhang
Published: May 2023

The discourse of colonial and colonized conflicts is oriented in the form of resentment and hatred of the colonized community as part of the causality of traumatic events. The wounds of the past are then passed down through the concept of memory transmission both by famillial mechanism memory and affillial memory by first-generation to post-generation. It is this hereditary traumatic condition that contributes to maintaining the discourse of inferiority and binaryism between East and West. Thus, the purpose of this study is to describe the conflicts of colonizers and postcolonial colonizers as well as examine the efforts of  Iksaka Banu to release these traumatic shackles through reconciliation and resistance efforts. This research method uses Teun van Critical Discourse Analysis (AWK). Dijk which is based on the analysis of the text dimension, the social cognition dimension, and the social context dimension. Data collection techniques in this study apply listening methods and advanced recording techniques, and document review techniques. The results showed that (1) A review of the dimensions of the text showed a reconstruction of the ambivalence and traumatic of Western subjects in the short stories of Iksaka Banu; (2) A study of the dimensions of social cognition shows that the reconstruction pattern of ambivalence and traumatic of the Western subject is used as Iksaka Banu's strategy to carry out traumatic reconciliation of colonized subjects as well as resistance to Western domination and hegemony; (3) A study of the social context shows two findings of the problem, First, the existence of social inequality over the mechanisms of Western domination and hegemony; Second, even so, Indonesian society is still confined by the problem of trauma while awareness of the subject's position on the condition of social reality cannot be managed as a potential resistance
The correlation between in-situ duration of neonatal feeding tubes and the
bacterial colonisation
Authors: Abdullah Sani N. , Mohamad M. , Jaafar R. , Ishak S.
Published: May 2023

Neonates with incompetent immune system in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are
at risk of developing infection from microbial colonisation of enteral feeding tubes. The
study aimed to identify the bacteria present in the enteral feeding tubes of neonates
admitted to the NICU of the Canselor Tuanku Muhriz Hospital Malaysia. The feeding
tubes were assessed after being placed in the stomach for 24, 48 and 72 hrs for each
neonate. A total of thirty tubes from ten neonates were tested for enumeration of aerobic
colony count, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcus spp. and presence
of Cronobacter sakazakii and Salmonella spp. The duration of feeding tubes in-situ was
not significantly correlated with aerobic colony count, S. aureus, Enterobacteriaceae and
Enterococcus spp. colonisation with Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient rs of +0.116,
-0.146, -0.115, and +0.287 respectively. Klebsiella pneumoniae, Citrobacter freundii,
Yersinia enterocolitica, Enterococcus faecium, E. malodoratus, Streptococcus anginosus
and Pediococcus pentosocaeus were found in the tested samples and their presence was
considered as risk of infection as most being part of Enterobacteriaceae. Cronobacter
sakazakii and Salmonella spp. was not detected in any of the tubes. In conclusion,
bacterial colonisation in feeding tubes was not associated with duration in-situ for 24, 48
and 72 hrs.
Enhancing the antioxidant activity and manufacturability of the Indonesian
traditional herbal beverage, jamu, through granule formulation: a case study on
jamu SIRMA
Authors: Ainurofiq A. , Hadi S. , Wahyuni D.S.C. , Rakhmawati R. , Nugraheni E.R. , Adam M. , Choiri S.
Published: May 2023

Traditional Indonesian jamu manufacturers have faced a great challenge regarding their
production using more modern techniques. The granulation of jamu was implemented to
address this issue. The present study aimed to formulate and optimise the granule
formulation of jamu using various fillers and the simplex lattice design technique.
Additionally, the main effect and interaction of the fillers in the formulation were assessed
simultaneously. Dextrin, maltodextrin, and lactose were used as fillers and the critical
quality attributes of the granule formulation were determined, such as the flowability,
density, water retention and sorption, and antioxidant properties. The data were fitted
using multiple linear regression analysis in addition to a statistical evaluation using a
confidence level of 95% (p = 0.05). The results showed that maltodextrin increased the
flowability and hygroscopicity of the granules but reduced the antioxidant activity.
Furthermore, lactose showed no significant contribution to the critical quality attributes of
the granules. Dextrin prolonged the dispersion time of the granules. The formulation was
successfully optimised, and it was obtained at 25.81% dextrin, 44.63% maltodextrin, and
29.56% lactose. This formulation produced improved flowability, less hygroscopicity, and
denser granules
The effect of coffee skin type and cornstarch concentration on characteristics of
jam
Authors: Suriati L. , Mangku I.G.P. , Yudi Ardana I.D.G. , Putra I.W.W.
Published: May 2023

Coffee has been the most popular commodity for decades, and an increase in its
production also indirectly increases the number of coffee skins. Jam is one of the products
obtained from coffee skin, and its properties are determined by the type of raw materials,
moisture content, sugar content, acidity, and fillers type. Therefore, this study aims to
determine the effect of coffee skin type and cornstarch concentration on jam's
characteristics. A two-factor randomized block design was then used with three
replications to determine its moisture content, viscosity caffeine content, antioxidant
activity, reduced acid level, and acidity. Furthermore, the first factor was the type of
coffee skin, which includes cherry husk, cherry pulp, and parchment skin, while the
second factor was cornstarch concentrations, namely 5%, 10%, and 15%. The results
showed that the two factors examined had a very significant effect on the moisture
content, reduced sugar level, caffeine content, antioxidant activity, and viscosity of jam.
Meanwhile, the jam produced from coffee cherry pulp with 10% cornstarch concentration
had the best characteristics.
Hypocholesterolemic effects of noodles prepared from sago, sorghum and mung
bean flours in hyperglycemic rats
Authors: Wahjuningsih S.B. , Azkia M.N.
Published: May 2023

Nowadays food development is not only for fulfilling nutritional needs, but food can also
have functional properties that are beneficial to health. This study aimed to determine the
potential of noodles based on local food ingredients to be developed as a functional food.
The functional properties of noodles were observed through blood serum cholesterol
profile and SCFA (Short Chain Fatty Acid) levels in the caecum. The in vivo studies used
5 groups of Sprague Dawley rats, namely healthy rats, hyperglycemic rats, hyperglycemic
rats with F1 diet, hyperglycemic rats with F2 diet, and hyperglycemic with F3 diet. Data
were analysed in triplicates using a completely randomized design and post analysed using
Duncan multiple range test. The results showed that the F1-F3 diet could improve blood
cholesterol profile by decreasing total cholesterol 16.90-33.69%, triglycerides 30.41-
35.64%, Low density lipoprotein (LDL) 37.52-46.48%, and increasing High density
lipoprotein (HDL) 103.92-127.47%. Caecum samples in rats with an F1-F3 diet contained
acetic acid 5.35-9.28 mMol, propionic acid 3.56-6.39 mMol, and butyric acid 1.97-4.05
mMol. This can conclude that noodles based on sago, sorghum, and mung bean flour (F1-
F3) can improve blood cholesterol profile and increase the SCFA levels of hyperglycemic
rat caecum.
Enabling Disabled People to Live Good Lives:
Embedding supported decision-making into disability law in Aotearoa, New Zealand
Authors:   , Karetai Wood-Bodley Frankie
Published: May 2023

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights confirms that all people are born free and equal in dignity and rights. The freedom, dignity and rights of disabled people is affirmed and protected by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD). Under the UNCRPD, disabled people are guaranteed equality before the law and entitled to equal protection and benefit of the law. Up to the 20th century, the prevailing view, internationally and domestically, was that disabled people were, by virtue of their disability, incapable of living autonomously and independently. This led to disabled people being excluded from mainstream society and relegated to second-class citizens. Disabled people have been denied legal personality, leading to institutionalisation and disenfranchisement. Consequently, disabled people continue to face significant barriers to realising full and equal enjoyment of dignity and rights due to social stigma, ignorance, legal and institutional ignorance of disability issues. Article 12 of the UNCRPD requires States to abolish substitute decision-making regimes and replace them with supported decision-making. This paper explores how we can reimagine our domestic legal frameworks using the principles of supported decision-making to empower disabled people in Aotearoa New Zealand to attain freedom and equality in dignity and rights. Using a supported decision-making model empowers disabled people to make their own decisions in a way that is appropriate to their circumstances. It is suggested that this is the key to increasing autonomy and self-determination amongst disabled people enabling them to participate in society and live freely and equally in dignity and rights. This dissertation focuses on the concept of supported decision-making and argues for the implementation of a Supported Decision-Making Bill in New Zealand. The draft Bill included in this dissertation is designed to give effect to the rights of disabled people to live their lives according to their will and preference and ensure that New Zealand complies with its obligations under international human rights law, particularly art 12 of the UNCRPD.
La medicina tradicional, alternativa y complementaria: un enfoque intercultural y de inclusión social
Authors: Villar-López Martha
Published: May 2023

El goce del grado máximo de salud que se pueda lograr es uno de los derechos fundamentales de todo ser humano, sin distinción de raza, religión, ideología política, o condición económica o social. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) agrega que, nadie debería enfermar o morir porque sea pobre o solo porque no puede acceder a los servicios de salud que necesita.
Efecto de un suplemento alimenticio a base de insumos naturales y componentes activos de siete raíces sobre el comportamiento sexual en ratas
Authors: Zamudio Malpartida Karin , Ortega Romero Elizabeth C. , Guerra Brizuela Gustavo A. , Arroyo Acevedo Jorge L. , Condorhuamán Figueroa Martín
Published: May 2023

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar el efecto farmacológico de un suplemento alimenticio a base de insumos naturales y componentes activos de especies vegetales con valor etnobotánico. Es una investigación experimental, prospectiva y longitudinal. Para el ensayo se usaron 150 ratas albinas: 75 hembras y 75 machos de raza Holtzmann de 12 semanas de edad, con un peso promedio de 200 a 250 g (machos) y de 150 – 200 g (hembras). Se ensayaron dos productos: producto uno que contenía el extracto atomizado de las raíces de siete especies vegetales a dosis de 200 y 400 mg/kg, y producto dos que contenía el producto uno más harina de castaña y sacha inchi a dosis de 830 mg/kg. El ensayo se realizó durante 10 semanas y la evaluación se ejecutó a la octava, novena y décima semana (día 1, 7 y 14, respectivamente). Asimismo, se realizó la evaluación de los parámetros bioquímicos, hematológicos, de la testosterona y el antígeno prostático específico. El producto uno a dosis de 400 mg/kg y el producto dos a dosis de 830 mg/kg presentaron mejor efecto sobre el comportamiento sexual comparado con el grupo control y estándar (sildenafilo 5mg/kg) que fueron estadísticamente significativos. No se presentaron cambios bioquímicos y hematológico. Se concluye que los productos ensayados presentaron efecto sobre el comportamiento sexual aumentando la libido en las ratas macho, sin efectos secundarios sobre los parámetros bioquímicos y hematológicos.
Producción y consumo de fitofármacos y apifármacos durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en Cuba, marzo a junio de 2020
Authors: Beltrán Delgado Mailin , Perdomo Delgado Johann , González Pla Evelyn Anie , Pérez Romero Marilda , Rosales Pérez Maribel , Delgado Iznaga Emilio
Published: May 2023

Objetivos. Determinar el aporte del personal de los servicios farmacéuticos comunitarios al aseguramiento de la producción de fitofármacos y apifármacos elaborados a nivel localdispensarial, incluidos en el protocolo de actuación nacional para la COVID-19, así como el consumo de estas formulaciones. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, observacional, descriptivo y longitudinal, donde se analizaron los informes mensuales de producción, en el período comprendido entre marzo y junio. De estos se obtuvo la información de los diez fitofármacos y apifármacos seleccionados. Se determinaron los planes de producción para cada una de estas formulaciones y su cumplimiento, así como el consumo de estos. Resultados. Entre marzo y junio se produjeron en el país 7 401 001 unidades de los diez fitofármacos y apifármacos seleccionados, el 125,5% de lo planificado. De ellos, la mayor producción correspondió al orégano jarabe 10% (1 725 156 unidades) y al Imefasma jarabe (1 648 037 unidades). El aloe jarabe (50%) y la cebolla jarabe (10%) fueron los dos fitofármacos con mayor porcentaje de producción con respecto al plan. La Habana fue la provincia con el mayor volumen de producción (1 315 008 unidades); la menor producción correspondió al municipio especial Isla de la Juventud (18 107 unidades). De las 7 401 001 unidades producidas en el período, se consumieron 6 754 910 (91,3%). Conclusiones. Desde los servicios farmacéuticos se aseguró la producción, a nivel local-dispensarial, de los diez fitofármacos y apifármacos seleccionados para el enfrentamiento de la pandemia de COVID-19 en Cuba. Se sobrepasó la producción de todos estos fitofármacos y apifármacos y su consumo fue alto.
Estabilidad de cremas fotoprotectoras a base de Myrcianthes rhopaloides ¨lanche colorado¨ de los páramos de Piura
Authors: Ascate-Pasos Manuel E. , Suárez-Rebaza Luz A. , Ganoza Yupanqui Mayar L. , Torres-Guevara Fidel A.
Published: May 2023

Objetivos. Determinar la estabilidad de cremas fotoprotectoras a base de Myrcianthes rhopaloides ¨lanche colorado¨ de los páramos de Piura. Materiales y métodos. Se evaluaron tres extractos hidroetanólicos y dos acuosos que fueron purificados con Amberlite® XAD7HP. Se formularon cremas fotoprotectoras con los purificados para la realización del test de shock térmico, la evaluación de los parámetros organolépticos y fisicoquímicos, antes y después del almacenamiento. Se escogieron las mejores formulaciones para la realización del test de estabilidad acelerada. Resultados. No se evidenció cambios organolépticos y fisicoquímicos entre las formulaciones. Se optó por escoger la crema a base de purificado de 45%, a la cual se realizó el test de estabilidad acelerada; mostrando cambios organolépticos a los 7 días y cambios fisicoquímicos durante todo el tiempo de almacenamiento. Conclusiones. Sedeterminó que los parámetros físicos y químicos de la crema fotoprotectora a base de extracto purificado de 45% presenta moderada estabilidad.