bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Problèmes théoriques du travail de terrain
Authors: Mahmoudian Mortéza
Published: May 2022

On peut concevoir le terrain comme concept englobant tous les aspects de l'observation et de la collecte des données. Omniprésent, le phénomène « terrain » présente des aspects épistémologiques, théoriques et techniques. Le présent exposé se propose d'examiner certaines techniques d'enquête, et de les ramener aux principes théoriques qui les sous-tendent. Les problèmes techniques considérés sont : réaction comportementale, jugement intuitif, coexistence de techniques différentes dans une même enquête, dimensions individuelle et sociale, fiabilité et distorsion des données.

Nous considérons que la structure linguistique étant complexe et hiérarchisée, et comportant -des strates multiples et hétérogènes, les techniques ne peuvent être évaluées de manière absolue ; leur validité est fonction de multiples facteurs dont le but recherché et la ou les strate(s) visée(s).
Débats dans l'enseignement/apprentissage de la grammaire
Authors: Chiss Jean-Louis
Published: May 2022

Toute réflexion en didactique de la grammaire implique d'envisager conjointement la dimension de l'enseignement (relations entre théories et méthodologies) et celle de l'apprentissage (obstacles et réussites dans l'appropriation scolaire) ainsi que le rôle de cette discipline dans l'interaction enseignant/apprenant au sein de la classe de langue. Sur ces différents aspects, les travaux centrés sur la didactique de la grammaire en langues étrangères, particulièrement en français langue étrangère (Besse et Porquier, 1984; Moirand, Porquier et Vivès, 1989; Cuq, 1996; Germain et Seguin, 1998; Puren, 2001) croisent certaines des préoccupations du français langue maternelle (Chartrand, 1995; Grossmann et Vargas, 1996; Chiss et Meleuc, 2001). L'optique adoptée ici privilégiera la conception, le rôle et la place de la grammaire en FLE sans négliger l'apport du FLM, ne serait-ce que pour disposer d'éléments propres à envisager les relations entre langue étrangère et langue maternelle.
La linguistique marxiste en URSS dans les années 1920-1930
Authors: Alpatov Vladimir M. , Sériot Patrick
Published: May 2022

La vie politique et sociale des années 1920 et de la première moitié des années 1930 en URSS a favorisé les recherches visant à construire une science marxiste, ce qui concerne également la linguistique. De nombreux scientifiques de différentes écoles et tendances, de différent niveau de préparation et de différent talent ont participé à ces recherches.
Introduction
Authors: Gajo Laurent
Published: May 2022

La communication en milieu hospitalier a donné lieu à des recherches récentes en Suisse romande (projets FNS, DORE, thèses) ainsi qu'à des séminaires de 3e cycle en lettres (Gajo, Mondada & Berthoud, Communiquer en milieu hospitalier : de la relation de soins à l'expertise médicale, 2001-02 ; Singy & Windisch, Sociolinguistique et médecine : apports mutuels dans l 'approche du discours, 2001-02 ; Gajo, Mondada & Berthoud, Interaction, langues et milieux professionnels, 2003-04). La présente publication fait état de certaines de ces recherches récentes, mais en particulier des contributions à ce dernier séminaire de 3e cycle concernant le milieu professionnel de l'hôpital. Le regard proposé ici est avant tout linguistique, mais se veut ouvert à une nécessaire interdisciplinarité. Ainsi, à côté des linguistes, l'on trouvera des psychologues, des sociologues, des pédagogues ainsi que des professionnels de la santé. Tous s'attellent néanmoins à décrire la communication et à conceptualiser le caractère constitutif du langage dans les rapports entre les acteurs de la santé, ou entre ceux-ci et l'institution.
Pratiques et représentations des locuteurs du tamajaq
Authors: Soumare Issa
Published: May 2022

Cette contribution est le résultat d'une enquête sur des pratiques et représentations linguistiques de Touareg de la République du Niger.
La ‘forme du mot’ dans la pensée linguistique russe
Authors: Fici Francesca
Published: May 2022

Cet article est consacré aux aspects de la pensée linguistique russe qui concernent les questions de la forme du mot et de la combinaison de mots. A partir de la lecture de Humboldt et de Potebnja, on examine, en particulier, les théories de Filip Fortunatov et de ses élèves, pour appuyer la thèse que beaucoup de leurs idées étaient partagées par d’autres savants européens (les néo-grammairiens entre autres), et affirmer la modernité de leur façon d’aborder la description linguistique.
Le rôle de l’Institut Živogo Slova (Petrograd) dans la culture russe du début du XXème siècle
Authors: Ivanova Irina
Published: May 2022

Cet article est le résultat d’une étude entreprise en 2003 sur l’organisation et sur la conception scientifique de l’Institut Živogo Slova (Institut du Mot Vivant) qui a fonctionné à Petrograd de 1918 à 1924. En analysant les matériaux existants (les archives et les publications de cet Institut et de son époque), et les mémoires des contemporains, nous avons établi les liens de cet institut d’une part avec l’Ecole linguistique de Pétersbourg (Baudouin de Courtenay et ses élèves) et la revue Golos et reč’ (La voix et la parole), d’autre part avec le mouvement de l’avant-garde artistique.

Une des idées principales de l’organisation de cet établissement était la synthèse des sciences et des arts. Selon ses objectifs et sa base conceptuelle, l’Institut Živogo Slova peut être placé parmi les centres éducatifs et artistiques tels que l’UNOVIS (1918-1922) et le VHUTEMAS-VHUTEIN (1920-1930), nouvelles institutions culturelles qui réunissaient la science, l’éducation et la constitution de l’art nouveau. L'institut servait aussi de cadre à la constitution de nouvelles branches des sciences humaines (la sociolinguistique, la psycholinguistique, la pragmatique et la stylistique dans la linguistique; la  sémiotique), et de  recherches  en théorie des beaux-arts.

On peut en conclure que l’Institut du Mot Vivant était l'enfant de la pensée révolutionnaire et de l’époque des grands espoirs.
La fonction critique de l’histoire de la linguistique
Authors: Bergounioux Gabriel
Published: May 2022

L’histoire de la linguistique, prise dans une partition entre histoire interne (celle des théories) et histoire externe (institutions et biographies), oublie parfois qu’il lui appartient d’être linguistique avant d’être historique. A partir d’une récapitulation des étapes de la réflexion sur les langues, depuis l’invention de l’écriture jusqu’aux débats contemporains, on se propose de restituer à cette discipline sa dimension critique dans une reprise de l’argumentaire saussurien concernant l’analyse morpho- phonologique du langage. Il apparaît alors que les courants dominants (LabPhon, OT…) ne correspondent pas aux exigences d’une science du langage, ne serait-ce que dans la séparation qu’ils entérinent entre les deux faces du signe.
Du bon usage de l’interprète, entre neutralité et implication émotionnelle
Authors: Goguikian Ratcliff Betty
Published: May 2022

NOS SOCIETES MULTICULTURELLES OCCIDENTALES confrontent les cliniciens et les intervenants du domaine médical, social et éducatif à un fait nouveau, celui des usagers migrants allophones, ayant un accès et une connaissance limités de nos institutions. Nous aborderons ici la question du rôle de l’interprète en milieu médical, et confronterons les contextes de la médecine somatique et psychiatrique ou psychothérapeutique.
Enseigner et apprendre les langues à l’école : comment s’inspirer de la variété des expériences d’apprentissage
Authors: Jeanneret Thérèse
Published: May 2022

AU MOMENT OU SE REPENSE la formation des futurs enseignants de langues maternelle, seconde et étrangère et où va se mettre en place en Suisse romande, à la suite de la stratégie de la CDIP de 2004, l’introduction de l’anglais à l’école primaire après celle de l’allemand, il me paraît important de tenter de se demander comment les différents acteurs de l’enseignement des langues à l’école pourraient mieux tirer parti des expériences d’apprentissage qu’ils ont déjà réalisées pour améliorer leur enseignement et leur apprentissage des langues à l’école.
Linguistics and semiotics in the framework of sciences in general
Authors: Nöth Winfried
Published: May 2022

The paper examines the place of semiotics and linguistics, as well as their historical precursors in the framework of the sciences in general. Early classifications of the sciences considered include those of Aristotle, the Scholastics, Francis Bacon, and John Locke. The focus of this paper is on XIXth century systems. After a cursory glance at André-Marie Ampère’s and Roswell Park’s systems, the study will turn to the classifications of linguistics and semiotics within the systems of Adrien Naville, Ferdinand de Saussure, and Charles S. Peirce. The paper provides a brief survey of XXth century views on the place of linguistics in its relation to semiotics before concluding with a study of semiotics among the sciences of the XXIst century.
Financial development in the countries of the regional comprehensive economic partnership
Authors: Duong Thi Phuong Thuy
Published: May 2022

This study has identified the factors affecting the financial development of a country, thereby measuring the financial development process of countries of The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership in the period 2000–2020 through the construction of the Index aggregate of Financial Development for these countries. The study used Principal Components Analysis to provide a more quantitative, synthetic and harmonized view of financial development when combining 13 different representative indicators, including to the share of the contribution of each of these indicators to the overall index. These indicators represent each group of intermediaries, financial institutions and financial market groups in terms of depth, efficiency and stability, helping to reflect all aspects of the financial system in a holistic way. This will contribute to a clearer definition of the role and relationship between financial development and economic growth in The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership’s countries, a relationship that is still poorly researched.
Job description as a management document: legal aspect
Authors: Titor S. E.
Published: May 2022

The job description as an act of the managerial and control function of the employer has a recommendation character. But many employers use it to determine the scope of an employee’s duties, qualification requirements, and responsibilities. In practice, there are many questions and disputes about the possibility of changing job descriptions. Judicial practice on the dismissal legitimacy’s recognition because of the job description change develops in different ways. In this regard, it is important to determine in the legal aspect what a “job description” is. The purpose of the study is to determine the meaning of the job description in the content of labor relations, its role in the personnel management system. The analysis of the job description as a legal phenomenon is implemented by the author through the definitions of labor function and freedom of labor. Analytical, comparative legal methods and a systematic approach made it possible to see the job description as an integral part of the labor function.
Essence of the monitoring system for managing project life cycle at an instrument-making holding
Authors: Zhurina P. A. , Tyagunova O. V.
Published: May 2022

The article examines the issues the monitoring system for managing project life cycle at an instrument-making holding project. The purpose of monitoring is to improve the project management system, identify discrepancies between actual and planned indicators, monitor the project indicators, change the organisation strategy development, proposals to eliminate potential threats. The main tasks adopted as monitoring-screening tools are the identification of key indicators; processing and aggregation of critically necessary information about specific project tasks; identification of external and internal risks; attractors that strongly influence the implementation of the project; issue of operational reports on the project; forecasting and decision-making, development of proposals to correct negative situations; ensuring the integration of the monitoring system in the information environment of the holding. The article reveals the key problems in this area and outlines conceptual directions for improving the process under study. The relevance of the material is the activity of a real specialist directly inside the dynamic structure of the holding, who knows all the old management methods and models new and redundant management methods, updating them in accordance with external and internal challenges. The experience of implementing the project of changing management paradigms during the crisis can be used to minimise further risks and accelerate the choice of effective management methods in organisations of large holdings, which, in turn, will allow you to reorient yourself as painlessly as possible to new management mechanisms that will contribute to more efficient operation of the holding as a whole.
Enantioselective para-C(sp2)-H Functionalization of Alkyl Benzene Derivatives via Cooperative Catalysis of Gold/Chiral Bronsted Acid
Authors: Liu Xun-Shen , Tang Zhiqiong , Zhang Zhikun , Zhao Lei , Liu Lu
Published: May 2022

Herein, we developed an asymmetric para-C(sp2)-H bond functionalization of alkyl benzene derivatives via cooperative catalysis of gold and chiral phosphoric acid, leading to synthetically useful diaryl chiral centers. In this transformation, chiral phosphoric acid, ligand, and molecular sieves were all crucial for enantioselectivity control. The salient features of this protocol include mild conditions, high efficiency, readily avail-able starting materials, highly chemo- and site- as well as enantioselective aromatic C−H functionalization, broad substrate scope, and exten-sive applications of the chiral products. The mechanistic studies showed that one gold complex and two CPAs might be involved in the chiral induction.
The Magnetic and Electronic Structural Properties of the S3 State of Nature’s Water Oxidising Complex: A Combined Study in ELDOR-Detected Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectral Simulation and Broken Symmetry Density Functional Theory
Authors: Rogers Ciarán J. , Hardwick Olivia , Corry Thomas A. , Rummel Felix , Collison David , Bowen Alice M. , O'Malley Patrick J.
Published: May 2022

ELDOR-detected Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (EDNMR) spectral simulations combined with broken symmetry density functional theory (BS-DFT) calculations are used to obtain and to assign the 55Mn hyperfine coupling constants (hfcs) for modified forms of the water oxidising complex in the penultimate S3 state of the water oxidation cycle. The study shows that an open cubane form of the core Mn4CaO6 cluster is the dominant S = 3 species in all cases studied experimentally with no need to invoke a closed cubane intermediate possessing a distorted pentacoordinate Mn4 ion. EDNMR simulations found that both the experimental bandwidth and multi-nuclear transitions may alter relative EDNMR peak intensities, potentially leading to incorrect assignment of hfcs. The implications of these findings for the water oxidation mechanism are discussed.
Adsorption Free Energy Predicts Amyloid Protein Nucleation Rates
Authors: Toprakcioglu Zenon , Kamada Ayaka , Michaels Thomas , Xie Mengqi , Krausser Johannes , Wei Jiapeng , Saric Andela , Vendruscolo Michele , Knowles Tuomas
Published: May 2022

Primary nucleation is the fundamental event that initiates the conversion of proteins from their normal physiological forms into pathological amyloid aggregates associated with the onset and development of disorders including systemic amyloidosis, as well as the neurodegenerative conditions Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. It has become apparent that the presence of surfaces can dramatically modulate nucleation. However, the underlying physico-chemical parameters governing this process have been challenging to elucidate, with interfaces in some cases having been found to accelerate aggregation, while in others they can inhibit the kinetics of this process. Here, we show through kinetic analysis that for three different fibril-forming proteins, interfaces affect the aggregation reaction mainly through modulating the primary nucleation step. Moreover, we show through direct measurements of the Gibbs free energy of adsorption, combined with theory and coarse-grained computer simulations, that overall nucleation rates are suppressed at high and at low surface interaction strengths, but significantly enhanced at intermediate strengths, and we verify these regimes experimentally. Taken together, these results provide a quantitative description of the fundamental process which triggers amyloid formation and shed light on the key factors that control this process.
Las Comunidades de Aprendizaje como estrategia de transformación de la cultura institucional y de la práctica docente
Authors: Rey Caro Noira Mayerly
Published: May 2022

Este escrito enfatiza en las Comunidades de Aprendizaje (en adelante CA) como estrategia que favorece la transformación de la cultura institucional y la práctica docente en tiempos actuales. En tanto el capítulo dos de esta publicación sigue el camino de la conceptualización y puesta en contexto del concepto de CA, iniciado en el capítulo anterior. De esta manera, se busca ofrecer elementos teóricos para comprender mejor el concepto e incorporarlo a la reflexión continua de las prácticas educativas.
Fetal Topography of Cutaneous Nerves of Lower Leg Region
Authors:   Bukovinian State Medical University, Pathological Anatomy Department. 11, Zankovetska St., Chernivtsi 58000, Ukraine, Komar T. V.
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the study was to determine the topographic and anatomical relationships of the cutaneous nerves of the lower leg in human fetuses of 4-6 months. Materials and methods. The study was performed on 27 preparations of human fetuses of 81.0-230.0 mm parietal-coccygeal length, using the methods of macromicroscopic preparation and morphometry. Results and discussion. In most of the studied fetuses, there was a classic variant of innervation of the skin of the lower leg region, both on the right and left. In other fetuses, variability in the number and length of cutaneous nerves in the lower leg region was found. The most interesting, from our point of view, were the anatomical variants of innervation of the skin of the lower leg region in the fetuses of 90.0, 158.0, 182.0, and 190.0 mm parietal-coccygeal length. Taking into account the individual and age anatomy of the cutaneous nerves of the leg in human fetuses provides not only the scientific value of the results, but also the rational use of knowledge in the practice of traumatologists, anesthesiologists and surgeons. The study of variants of innervation of the skin of the lower leg region in human fetuses from the standpoint of modern macroscopic anatomy is considered relevant and promising. The need to clarify the topographic and anatomical features of the innervation of the skin of the lower leg region in human fetuses of different ages is due to the search for ways to prevent iatrogenic damage to the cutaneous nerves of the shin when performing surgical and anesthetic manipulations on the structures of this area, since the establishment of the anatomical variability of the skin nerves and branches allows to choose the optimal tactics of surgical intervention. In the literature, there are fragmentary data on the fetal topography of the cutaneous nerves of the lower leg region. Conclusion. In fetuses of 90.0 mm and 158.0 mm parietal-coccygeal length, the innervation of the skin of the anterior-upper surface of the lower leg region was provided by two cutaneous branches from the tibial nerve. In the fetus of 190.0 mm parietal-coccygeal length lateral sural cutaneous nerve was not involved in the formation of the sural nerve, the area of its innervation was limited to the proximal two-thirds of the tibia. Innervation of the lateral border of the foot and lateral bone, in this case, provided only the medial sural cutaneous nerve from the tibial nerve. In the fetus of 182.0 mm parietal-coccygeal length medial sural cutaneous branches are represented by a single independent nerve trunk, from which at different angles short sensitive branches began
Síndrome de Eagle en pacientes que acuden a la clínica odontológica de la Universidad de Las Américas en el periodo 2019-2
Authors: Castro Rentería Jorge Andrés , Peñón Vivas Pedro Ángel
Published: May 2022

Como Síndrome de Eagle se conoce como un alargamiento del proceso de la apófisis estiloides y a veces también de la calcificación del ligamento que lleva el mismo nombre, que se diagnostica muy raramente en los pacientes ya que se lo realiza por medio de radiografías panorámicas. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la presencia del síndrome de Eagle a partir de hallazgos radiográficos en la clínica odontológica de la Universidad de Las Américas en el periodo de 2014 al 2019. Fueron parte del estudio 31 pacientes de 20 a 65 años, los cuales fueron divididos en tres grupos de edad, el primer grupo de 20 a 35 años, el segundo grupo de 36 a 50 años y el tercer grupo de 51 a 65 años. A cada participante que se eligió se lo evaluó radiográficamente, analizando las radiografías panorámicas y evaluando la longitud de la apófisis estiloides, lo que se tomó como referencia para el estudio fue a aquellas apófisis estiloides que median más 2.5 cm, aparte de eso se evaluó según la clasificación de Langlais, que se diferenció 3 patrones de elongación en las radiografías, el primero fue el elongado propiamente dicho, el segundo segmentado y el tercero el pseudoarticulado. Los resultados mostraron un predominio del sexo femenino con respecto al masculino. En cuanto a la edad el grupo que predominó en mujeres fue de 51 a 65 años, seguidos a la par con un mismo porcentaje por el grupo de 36 a 50 años, así como el grupo de 20 a 35 años. El patrón de elongación que presentó más casos fue el E, seguido después el patrón de elongación S, se presentó más casos de patrones de elongación en el sexo femenino. Los dos casos que presentaron síntomas asociados dentro de toda la muestra fueron mujeres.
Examination of Obesity Awareness Levels of High School Students
Authors: YILDIRIM Mehmet , KARTAL Alpaslan , KARTAL Berzan ŞİMŞEK
Published: May 2022

Gerçekleştirilen bu araştırmanın amacı; liselerde öğrenim gören öğrencilerin obezite farkındalık düzeylerini belirlemektir. Araştırmanın evrenini 2021-2022 eğitim-öğretim yılında Batman ilinde liselerde öğrenim gören öğrenciler oluşturmaktadır.
Araştırmanın örneklemini ise 2021-2022 eğitim-öğretim yılında Batman ilinde öğrenim gören lise öğrencilerinden mail yoluyla gönderilen online anket çalışmasına gönüllü olarak katılım gösteren 300 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada
tarama (survey) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Öğrencilerin demografik özelliklerine ilişkin bilgiler ‘’kişisel bilgi formu’’ ile elde edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin obezite farkındalık düzeylerini belirlemeye ‘’obezite farkındalık ölçeği’’
ile elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler istatistiki işlemler için SPSS 20.0 yazılım programına aktarılmıştır. Verilerin çözümlenmesinde frekans analizi, yüzde analizi, aritmetik ortalama, t testi, Anova analizleri ve post hoc
testleri kullanılmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen analizler sonucunda; vücut kitle indeksi, fiziksel aktivitelere katılım durumu, günlük öğün sayısı ve fastfood tüketimi değişkenlerine göre öğrencilerin obezite farkındalık düzeyleri arasında
istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklar bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Cinsiyet değişkenlerine göre ise öğrencilerin obezite farkındalık düzeyleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklar tespit edilmemiştir (p>0.05).
Causal Relation Between the Population Increase and the Economic Growth in Turkey
Authors: DİKMEN Nedim
Published: May 2022

Türkiye'de nüfus artışı ve ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkiyi açıklayan çalışmalar oldukça yetersizdir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de nüfus artışı ve iktisadi büyüme arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisi ekonometrik metodlarla incelenmiştir.
Analizlerde, 2000-2021 dönemini kapsayan yıllık zaman serisi verileri kullanılmıştır. Bir üretim faktörü olarak, işgücünün ana kaynağı olan nüfus ile iktisadi büyüme arasında bir nedensellik ilişkisi olup olmadığı araştırılmıştır.
Çalışmada gecikme uzunluğunu belirlemek için, kısıtsız (VAR) analizi ile elde edilen bilgi kriterleri dikkate alınmıştır. Zaman serisi değişkenleri arasında eşbütünleşmenin varlığı araştırılmış, serilerin durağanlık durumunu belirlemek
için birim kök testi yapılmıştır. VAR modelinin tahmin edilmesinden sonra bu modele ait varsayımların geçerli olup, olmadığı sınanmıştır. VAR modelinde yer alan seriler aynı mertebeden entegre olmadıklarından Johansen eşbütünleşme
testi yapılmamıştır. VAR modeline ilişkin olarak son aşamada Otokorelasyon testi, varyans ayrıştırma analizi, .LM testi Granger nedensellik testi ve etki-tepki analizleri yapılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular nüfus artışı ve iktisadi
büyüme değişkenleri arasında bir nedensellik ilişkisi olmadığını göstermiştir.
Symbols And Themes In Samuel Beckett’s Endgame And Waiting For Godot
Authors: ALADHAMİ Noorulhuda Adnan
Published: May 2022

Symbolism is a literary technique in which an author utilizes one thing—commonly a tangible object, word, or phenomenon—to signify something further abstract or cognitive. Samuel Beckett’s drama offers a wide variety of allusions and
symbols that suggest religious, historical, existential beliefs; thus, voices, silences, gestures, chopped information, repetition, minimalism, omission, and reduplication work together in a harmony; opening up avenues for interpretations.
This study attempts to explore how Samuel Beckett’s representations, techniques, setting, and use of language in his two plays, Endgame and Waiting for Godot, are utilized to reveal his interest in symbolic concepts that deal with
imprisonment, sterility, slavery, time, and religious perspectives by adopting a comparative approach between these plays. The findings in this study suggest that the Beckettian stage presents a dystopian world with anti-heroes.
The form and the content of the Beckettian drama, names, dialogues, bodies, are all chopped, missing a part. This imperfection connects the fictional characters and events to non-fictional ones. Criticism and warnings are delivered
to the audience in sugar-coated pills, to evoke them contributing to the interpretation
Evaluaiton Of Manager Appointments In The Light Of Regulation
Authors: BALOĞLU Barış , AYDIN Osman , DEMİR Muhammed Said , ÖZKOYUNCU Enver , AYAT Erkan
Published: May 2022

Ülkemizde eğitim sisteminin temelini okullar oluşturmaktadır. Çünkü davranış, bilgi ve beceri yönünden sağlıklı ve etkili olan ve bir anlamda ülkenin geleceği konumundaki çocukları yetiştirme görevi okullara verilmiştir. İnsan ve maddi
kaynaklarını etkin bir şekilde kullanarak okulu amacına uygun hale getiren ve yöneten kişi ise okulun müdürüdür. Bu görevi başarılı bir şekilde yerine getirecek okul yöneticilerinin seçimi de büyük önem arz etmektedir. Türkiye’de
eğitim yöneticilerinin ataması “Eğitim Kurumları Yöneticilerinin Atama ve Yer Değiştirmelerine İlişkin Yönetmelik” hükümleri çerçevesinde yapılmaktadır. Fakat uzun yıllar aynı parti iktidarda olmasına karşın bu düzenlemelerde bir
devamlılık sağlanamamıştır. Okul yöneticiliğine atama ve yer değiştirmeye yönelik çeşitli usul ve kriterler belirlenerek uygulamalar yapılmıştır. 1998 yılından bu yana uygulamalarda farklı bir yol izlenmeye başlansa da yöntemler
sürekli değişiklik göstermiş kalıcı bir seçim yöntemi ortaya konulamamıştır.Çalışma iki bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölümde; Eğitim Yönetimi ve Eğitim Yöneticiliği hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir. İkinci bölümde ise; 2010 ve 2015
Yıllarında Yayınlanan Yönetici Atama Değişiklikleri hakkında bilgilere yer verilmiştir.
Distribution and characteristics of Ashworthius sidemi Schulz, 1933 (Nematoda, Trichostrongylidae) in wild ungulates in Belarus
Authors: Lobanovskaya P. Y. , Akimova L. N. , Kheidorova E. E.
Published: May 2022

The material was collected during the period 2018‒2021 by dissection of internal organs of European bisons, red deers, European roe deers and elks. The found helminths were identified morphologically and using molecular genetic tools. Analysis of 16 ND4 mDNA sequences of A. sidemi revealed low level of genetic diversity which may indicate that Ashworthius sidemi in Belarus spread from one source.
Political activity of the Belarusian Autocephalic Orthodox Church in 1950–1982
Authors: Slesarev A. V.
Published: May 2022

The article is devoted to the consideration of the political activity of the Belarusian Autocephalous Orthodox Church (BAOC) in 1950–1982. For several decades, the named religious organization carried out the functions of consolidating the post-war Belarusian Diaspora, focused on supporting the Council of the Belarusian People’s Republic (BNR). What happened in the second half 1950s the change in the strategy of American foreign policy associated with the adoption of the doctrine of “rolling back communism” entailed the involvement of the BAOC in carrying out events of a pronounced anti-Soviet character. In 1957, the tradition of annual visits to the US Congress by the hierarchs and clerics of the BAOC on the days of celebrating the next anniversaries of the proclamation of the BNR’s independence was established. During these visits, Belarusian clergy opened parliamentary sessions with prayers for an early fall of the communist system and positioned the Council of the BNR as the only legitimate body of Belarusian state power. Since 1960, representatives of the BAOC have taken an active part in events dedicated to the “Captive Nations Weeks”, initiated by the US Congress and aimed at demonstrating widespread condemnation of the Soviet political system. The regular participation of the clergy of the BAOC in these events testifies to the involvement of the religious organization in question in active political activity, which followed the mainstream of the US foreign policy strategy and had a pronounced anti-Soviet character.
Promoting Pedestrian Transportation to Reducing Air Pollution from Urban Transport
Authors: Kuşkapan Emre , Çodur Muhammed Yasin
Published: May 2022

Increasing air pollution around the world causes many problems, especially in the field of health. Air pollution affects not only human health but also other living things' health. The factors that cause air pollution the most are heating, industry, and transportation. Many countries in the world carry out various studies to reduce the effect of these factors on air pollution. Especially in the field of transportation, studies have been done quite a lot in recent years. In this study, air pollution caused by transportation in Erzurum, Turkey has been investigated. Emission amounts of NOX, PM10, and SO2 values have been calculated according to the types of vehicles in the city. Then, the amount of emissions from transportation in the total sector has been revealed. The transportation structure of the city has examined in general terms and the missing aspects in terms of pedestrian transportation have been revealed. Finally, some solution proposals aiming to encourage the use of pedestrian transportation and micro mobility vehicles in order to reduce motor land vehicles are presented.
Assessment of the mineral composition and vitamin content of blends of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) and pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.) flours
Authors: Dorothy Chinomnso Arukwe  , Emmanuel C. Nwanekezi
Published: May 2022

This study was carried out to evaluate the mineral composition and vitamin content of sorghum and pigeon pea composite flours. Flours were produced from sorghum and pigeon pea seeds. The composite flours were mixed homogenously. Six different blends were formulated in the following ratios as 100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40 and 50:50 of sorghum and pigeon pea flours respectively, where 100% sorghum flour served as control. The mineral and vitamin composition of the blends were determined using standard methods. The mineral composition result showed significant (p<0.05) increase in potassium (315.10 – 635.0 mg/100 g), magnesium (90.01- 94.52 mg/100 g), calcium (20.10 – 52.11 mg/100 g), zinc (2.03 – 2.30 mg/100 g), iron (3.01 – 5.10 mg/100 g) and sodium (4.80 – 7.82 mg/100 g), and significant (p<0.05) reduction in phosphorus (300.20 - 264.15 mg/100 g), with the increased supplementation of pigeon pea flour to sorghum flour in the blends. The vitamin content result recorded significant (p<0.05) increase in niacin (2.60-2.91 mg/100 g), riboflavin (0.07-0.13 mg/100 g), thiamin (0.31-0.43 mg/100 g), ascorbic acid (29.31-34.56 mg/100 g), and decrease in pyridoxine (0.40-0.21 mg/100 g) and alpha-tocopherol (0.61-0.26 mg/100 g), with increased level of inclusion of pigeon pea flour to the blends. This study showed that supplementing sorghum flour with pigeon pea flour produced blends with improved micronutrients which can find use in ameliorating the prevalence of micronutrients deficiencies in developing countries.
Development of composite millet flour incorporated rusk
Authors: Sindhu S  , S Radhai Sri
Published: May 2022

An improvement in millet processing technology to provide millet based convenience food would help in increasing millet production, scope for millet utilization on industrial scale, maintain ecological balance, prevent malnutrition and ensure food security. Considering this, the study was designed to develop Ready-to-Eat rusk using millet flour. Composite Millet Flour (CMF) prepared using equal quantities of sorghum (Sorghum bicolour L. Moench), pearl millet (Pennisetum typhoides) and foxtail millet (Setaria italica) was substituted in refined flour at different levels (25, 50, 75 and 100 %) to develop rusk. The formulated rusk was assessed for its sensory acceptability, physico-chemical properties, nutrient content and storage stability. Of the different formulations, variation I with 25 per cent composite millet flour substitution recorded the highest mean sensory scores with 8.75 ± 0.46. The moisture, ash and acid insoluble ash content of the rusk (CMF – 25 %) were found to be 4.92, 1.22 and 0.05 % respectively. 100g of the CMF substituted rusk (25%) provided appreciable quantities of carbohydrates, protein, vitamin B1, B9, calcium and 354 kcals of energy. On storage (90 days), the moisture content ( 5.78 %) and the total plate count (<100 cfu/g) of the selected variation were within the FSSAI limits (<105) and it was organoleptically well acceptable. Utilization of composite millet flour for the development of Ready-to-Eat products like rusk would enhance the marketability of millets and improve the therapeutic value of formulated food products.
“To Say Almost the Same Thing”. Metamorphosis of a Vulgarisation
Authors: Gualdo Irene
Published: May 2022

This essay highlights various open methodological issues that the editors of medieval volgarizzamenti have to face when they intend to publish a critical edition, such as the need to trace different witnesses back to the same archetype despite the often considerable variants introduced by the copyists, or the crucial choice concerning the most suitable technical terms to describe a complex textual situation. Subsequently, focusing on the case study represented by the dossier of volgarizzamenti of the Liber de doctrina dicendi et tacendi by Albertano da Brescia, the article shows and explains some of the lexical and methodological choices made to publish their critical edition.
Dante’s Hell in Middle French: Between Respect for the Source and Ambitions of the Translator
Authors: Stockebrand Véréna
Published: May 2022

This paper focuses on the most ancient French translation of Dante’s Inferno known to this day (Torino, BNU, L.III.17). More specifically, this article studies the first six cantos. The translation is analysed with consideration to three aspects. Firstly, it is compared to the contemporaneous translations to Middle French, between the 15th and 16th centuries, with a focus on methods, conceptualisation of translation, and translators’ goals. Secondly, the Enfer is studied as a translation of Dante’s work by describing the translator’s strategies towards their source. Several linguistic elements are thus discussed, which manifest a will to remain true to the original work, nuanced by some translating mechanisms that show the opposite behaviour. Thirdly, the translation is studied as a literary object per se, through an analysis of stylistic elements that the translator kept or introduced. These three aspects allow a global judgment of the text and highlight its qualities, which will need to be extended to the whole Enfer.
Synthesis, properties and application of composite nanoparticles obtained by water oxidation of Al/AlN/Cu electroexplosive nanopowder
Authors:   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Timofeev S. S. , Lozhkomoev A. S. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazancev S. O. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tihonova I. N. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Lerner M. I. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: May 2022

In this work, for the preparation of AlOOH/CuO/Cu composite nanoparticles, nanoparticles based on Al, Cu, their compounds (Cu2Al, Cu9Al4, Cu4Al, CuAl ) And AlN were first obtained and characterized. The regularities of the oxidation of Al/ AlN/Cu nanoparticles in distilled water have been investigated. The optimal parameters for the synthesis of AlOOH/CuO/Cu composite nanoparticles from Al /AlN/Cu nanoparticles have been determined. The morphology of the obtained nanoparticles is shown using electron microscopy. The composition of the precursor and oxidation products was determined by the method of qualitative X-ray phase analysis. The average size of nanoparticles was determined by statistical processing of TEM images of nanoparticles. To construct the diagrams by size, the sizes of at least 1500 nanoparticles were taken into account. The specific surface area was investigated by thermal nitrogen desorption. To determine the optimal synthesis parameters, the oxidation reaction was carried out at different temperatures: 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 °C with an accuracy of maintaining the set temperature of ± 0.1 °C. During the oxidation reaction of Al/AlN/Cu with water, the pH of the reaction mixture was controlled. It was found that the optimum reaction temperature is 60 °C. As a result of the synthesis, porous structures are formed, consisting of nanolobes of fine-crystalline boehmite with a size of 100 – 300 nm and a thickness of 5 – 7 nm, combined into agglomerates, in the center of which copper-based compounds are located. The specific surface area of ​​the reaction products reaches 160 m2/g. The presence of AlN nanoparticles in the composition promotes a more complete conversion of copper and intermetallic compounds with the formation of CuO and Cu2O. It has been shown that the synthesized nanoparticles can be used as an antimicrobial component in the composition of hybrid materials based on polyvinylpyrrolidone and PEG alloy (400 and 20.000).
Composites of the Al2O3/Yb-TZP system modified with calcium, strontium and barium cations
Authors:   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science RAS, Podzorova L. I. , Kutuzova V. E. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science RAS, Il’ichyova A. A. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science RAS, Pen’kova O. I. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science RAS, Sirotinkin V. P. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science RAS, Konovalov A. A. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science RAS, Antonova O. S. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science RAS, Baikin A. S. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science RAS
Published: May 2022

The paper discusses the possibility of implementing two strengthening mechanisms in a ceramic system of Al2O3 and ZrO2 simultaneously: namely, transformational, due to the tetragonal form of zirconium dioxide and dispersion, due to the in situ formation of hexaaluminates of alkaline earth elements. The concentrations of modifying additives of calcium, strontium and barium, providing the formation of the corresponding hexaaluminates, have been established. The influence of the formed phases on the microstructure and strength characteristics of the obtained composites is considered. On composites including strontium cations, high strength parameters were obtained, flexural strength — 700 MPa, the critical stress intensity coefficient K1c reaches 10 MPa·m1/2, which is due to the optimal effect of a combination of transformation and dispersion hardening effects.
Sorption properties of graphene airgel in relation to methane
Authors:   Tambov State Technical University, Memetova A. E. , Neskoromnaya E. A. ,   JSC State research and design institute of rare metal industry Giredmet,   JSC Leading scientific research institute of chemical technology of State corporation Rosatom, Zelenin A. D. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Babkin A. V. ,   Tambov State Technical University,   JSC State research and design institute of rare metal industry Giredmet, Memetov N. R. ,   Tambov State Technical University, Gerasimova A. V. ,   Tambov State Technical University
Published: May 2022

A new nanostructured carbon material is synthesized, which represents aerogel based on reduced graphene oxide. Aerogel obtained by using supercritical methods for processing a hydrogel in isopropyl alcohol. Resulting material has sufficiently high specific surface in terms of BET — 657 m2/g with high specific pore volume DFT — 0.766 cm3/g, which creates good prospects for its use for the adsorption of energetically important gases, in particular methane. A favorable factor for increasing the rate of adsorption-desorption in such systems is the large volume of mesopores with diameters of about 4.5 – 6.5 nm. Adsorption of methane at temperatures of 298.15, 303.15, 313.15 K and pressures up to 100 bar was studied on the synthesized graphene aerogel. The maximum value of methane adsorption under temperature 298.15 K and pressure of 100 bar reaches 7.31 mmol/g. The characteristic parameters of the adsorption process were analyzed using the empirical models of the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The adsorption process was investigated at the level of evaluating thermodynamic parameters, which indicate its change from a random state to an ordered one, and its exothermic and physical nature. The obtained results can be used in the design of storage systems for adsorbed natural gas.
REPRESENTATIVES OF THE GENUS SORBUS L. IN THE VNIISPK ARBORE-TUM COLLECTION AND PROSPECTS FOR THEIR USE
Authors: Emel'yanova O. Yu. , Firsov А. N. , Masalova L. I.
Published: May 2022

Sorbus are ornamental and fruit plants with unpretentiousness to growing conditions, high resistance to environmental influences and valuable nutritional qualities of fruits. But their popularity among consumers in central Russia is low. The purpose of these studies is to analyze the gene pool and study the economically valuable traits of plants of the genus Sorbus from the bioresource collection of the VNIISPK arboretum for use in breeding and landscaping. For three years (2019 - 2021) 8 species, 1 subspecies and 1 form were studied. The bioresource collection of the VNIISPK arboretum is dominated by European Sorbus species (5 species and 1 form). The main directions for replenishing the gene pool are species from East Asia and China, as well as varieties of European selection. S. aria and S. aucuparia are recommended for landscaping, as they are the most durable, resistant to adverse environmental influences and have decorative qualities. S. aucuparia f. pendula is recommended for squares and house adjoining spaces, as it has a decorative crown shape and small size. As genetic sources for breeding for obtaining varieties with a complex of economically valuable traits, it is recommended to use: S. aria, S. aucuparia, S. alnifolia and S. aucuparia f. pendula.
THE ROLE OF CHEMICALS IN THE WINTER WHEAT CULTIVATION
Authors: Mal'tseva L. T. , Filippova Е. А. , Bannikova N. Yu. , Drobot I. А. , Kataeva N. V. , Pokazan'ev S. А.
Published: May 2022

The article considers the influence of preparations produced by JSC "Shchelkovo Agrochem" on biometric indicators of growth and development of winter soft wheat of the Umka variety in the conditions of the Kurgan region (Kurgan SRIA - branch of FSBSI UrFASRC, UrB of RAS) in 2019-2021. The best indicators for plant safety, phytosanitary condition of crops, yield and biological productivity were obtained with an optimal protection scheme involving the use of insecto-fungicidal seed etching and additional autumn treatment with ZIM-500 at a dose of 0.5 l/ha. This scheme provided an increase in the yield of winter wheat by 5.3 c/ha (40.2%) to control and excellent grain quality at the level of class 1 and can be recommended for production. The use of additional means of comprehensive protection of winter wheat (Duo Title 0.2 l/ha + Biostim Grain 1 l/ha in the flag-leaf - earing phase) provided an improvement in grain quality indicators, increased yield by 4.3 c/ha (32.6%) to control, but did not provide an additional increase in yield compared to the optimal a protection scheme in the conditions of acute drought in 2021.
TIME PULSES OF CENOZOIC EXPLOSIVE PHREATIC ERUPTIONS IN SOUTHWESTERN PRIMORYE. CORRELATION OF ISOTOPIC AND PHYTOSTRATIGRAPHIC AGE DATING RESULTS
Authors:   Far East Geological Institute, Far eastern branch, Russian academy of sciences, Maksimov S.O.
Published: May 2022

The Cenozoic tephra deposits - products of explosive phreatic eruptions of maar volcanoes in the southwest of Primorye are studied. The deposits represent rhyolitic ash and pumice pyroclastic beds with a high terrigenous component, including tephroid pseudo-conglomerates. Isotopic dating of tephra beds established two time pulses of explosive volcanism: 30–34 Mya and 23–24 Mya. The first time pulse coincided with the beginning of the formation of marginal seas and continental coal basins. It corresponds to the most productive stage of coal accumulation, the burial of wood wastes and their coalification at a faster rate, and the development of a high-temperature geothermal field and can be compared with the well-known catastrophic eruption of Mount St. Helens in the U.S.A. The second time pulse of explosive volcanism had a regional character of manifestation. It is characterized by the formation of green tuff complexes on submarine elevations of the Sea of Japan as well as along the western and eastern coasts of Japan. Synchronously with the volcanic activity started the acceleration of the sinking rate of the Sea of Japan bottom in response to the active rising of asthenospheric diapirs. The established isotopic ages do not conform to the ages determined for fossil leaves and pollen from the deposits, which may reflect the climate-forming type of such an explosive process.