bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Safety of Fluoxetine - An Update
Authors: Cooper Glenn L.
Published: August 2018

Fluoxetine is a new antidepressant agent which is a selective inhibitor of neuronal serotonin uptake; it has minimal affinity for muscarinic, dopaminergic, histaminic, serotonergic, or noradrenergic receptors (Starket al, 1985). This specificity of activity suggests that fluoxetine may have a side-effect profile which is different from previously available antidepressants.

The safety of fluoxetine has been extensively studied: several hundred patients have received the drug continuously for more than one year - some have had therapy for 5 years or more. Previous reviews of the safety of fluoxetine (Wernicke, 1985; Zerbe, 1986) have described a smaller population of patients than is now available.

This review is drawn from data pooled from comparative clinical trials, which included 4336 patients: fluoxetine - 2938, tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) - 599, and placebo - 799 patients. The TCAs studied were amitriptyline, imipramine, and doxepin. Most patients were adults with major depressive disorder, and the most common study design was a 6-week comparative double-blind phase, followed by unblinded long-term treatment. While the core of this study is a data base of 2938 fluoxetine-treated patients, all serious adverse events reported in over 7500 fluoxetine-treated patients worldwide, as of mid-1987, have been included.
Prediction of psychosis
Authors: Yung Alison R. , Phillips Lisa J. , McGorry Patrick D. , McFarlane Colleen A. , Francey Shona , Harrigan Susan , Patton George C. , Jackson Henry J.
Published: August 2018

Background The identification of people at high risk of becoming psychotic within the near future creates opportunities for early intervention prior to the onset of psychosis to prevent or minimise later ill-health. The present study combines current knowledge about risk factors for schizophrenia with our knowledge of psychotic prodromes in an attempt to identify a group particularly vulnerable to impending psychosis. We wanted to identify people with high likelihood of transition to psychosis within a follow-up period of 12 months, and to determine the rate of transition to psychosis in this group.

Method Various state and trait risk factors for psychosis were used alone and in combination to operationally define a putatively high-risk group. Operationalised criteria for onset of psychosis were established. The individuals were assessed monthly on measures of psychopathology for six months.

Results Eight out of 20 people made the transition to frank psychosis within a six-month follow-up period. Follow-up of this group is still in progress, and the 12 month transition rate might prove to be higher still.

Conclusions We have demonstrated that it is possible to identify individuals with a high likelihood of onset of psychosis within a brief follow-up period. This lays the foundation for early treatment in an attempt to prevent, delay or minimise the severity of first onset of schizophrenia.
Cognitive–behavioural approach to understanding obsessional thinking
Authors: Salkovskis Paul M. , Forrester Elizabeth , Richards Candida
Published: August 2018

BackgroundObsessional ruminations (obsessions without any accompanying overt compulsive behaviour) were previously considered especially difficult to treat.

MethodCognitive-behavioural theory regarding obsessional problems is discussed. Strategies for therapy developed on the basis of this theory are reviewed.

ResultsThe cognitive-behavioural theory of obsessive-compulsive disorder proposes that obsessional problems occur as a consequence of the particular meaning or significance which patients attach to the occurrence and/or content of intrusive thoughts. When intrusions are interpreted (appraised) as indicating increased personal responsibility, this results in both distress and the occurrence of neutralising behaviour. Cognitive-behavioural treatment seeks to change responsibility beliefs and appraisals, and thereby reduce distress and eliminate neutralising responses which usually occur as covert neutralising (mental rituals). Evidence is emerging for the success of therapy developed on this theoretical basis.

ConclusionsRecent developments in the psychological conceptualisation of obsessional ruminations have improved the prospects for successful therapy.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder in children and adolescents
Authors: Riddle Mark
Published: August 2018

BackgroundObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common psychiatric condition that usually emerges during childhood or adolescence. Over 80% of individuals with OCD have their onset before age 18 years. Epidemiologic studies suggest a prevalence of 1-2for adolescents.

MethodThis article reviews current knowledge of paediatric OCD in the following areas: age of onset, nosology and classification, subtypes, prevalence, aetiology, pathophysiology, assessment, prognosis and treatment.

ResultsEssential components of treatment include long-term commitment, care management and illness education. Specific components of treatment include cognitive-behavioural therapy, parent behaviour management training and medication.

ConclusionsThe most effective treatments are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (e.g. fluvoxamine, sertraline) and exposure/response prevention.
Critical analysis and comparison of the side-effect and safety profiles of the new antipsychotics*
Authors: Barnes Thomas R. E. , McPhillips Mike A.
Published: August 2018

The conventional antipsychotic drugs are associated with a wide range of unwanted effects (Barnes & Guy Edwards, 1993; Guy Edwards & Barnes, 1993). These side-effects represent part of the burden of patients given antipsychotic medication, affect compliance with treatment, and contribute to the prescribing clinician's weigh-ing-up of the risks and benefits of a particular antipsychotic in an individual case. The conventional drugs show differences in their side-effect profiles, particularly with regard to sedation and extrapyramidal problems, and it is probably a reasonable generalisation to state that these have largely governed clinicians' choice. The newer ‘atypical’ antipsychotics (such as clozapine, risperidone, sertindole, olanzapine, quetiapine and amisulpride) are less liable to cause extrapyramidal symptoms than the conventional antipsychotics. However, this advantage is greater for some of the new drugs than for others, and their safety profiles also differ in other key respects. Thus, in terms of side-effects and safety, each of these newer drugs must be evaluated individually.
The Psychosocial Dynamics of Change at Leros PIKPA Asylum
Authors: Tsiantis J. , Kordoutis P. , Kolaitis G. , Perakis A. , Assimopoulos H.
Published: August 2018

The pilot intervention project at Leros PIKPA asylum was resisted at all levels of its implementation. Resistance ranged from implicit and passive to explicit and hostile. It took the form of strong rejective attitudes, defensiveness, and repressed emotions of guilt, shame and fear. It was apparent in efforts to delay, obstruct or reverse the progress of the project and undermine the work of intervention team members. It was evident in the interactions of the intervention team with all parties involved in implementing the project: medical professionals and welfare services, the state and local administrations, the central and local administrations of PIKPA staff, the local community, and the asylum residents' families and relatives. It is argued that this resistance to change is due to the interplay of cultural/attitudinal, psychodynamic and socio-economic factors that are not unique to Leros or Greece. The analysis of the psychosocial processes involved in resistance to changing the Leros PIKPA asylum may offer insights to the deinstitutionalisation of custodial settings in general.
Conclusions
Authors: Tsiantis John
Published: August 2018

The intervention carried out at the Leros PIKPA asylum with the assistance of European Community funds has proved beyond all doubt that financial resources, essential as they may be, are not in themselves sufficient to ensure the success of an effort to reform a custodial care structure. It might seem a unique opportunity for a country to receive financial support to improve its public mental health care system, especially during a period of economic recession, and one might have expected that, if the financial resources were sufficient, reform would be relatively easy. However, our experience has shown that this is not the case and that much time and effort are needed. Emphasis needs also to be placed on a number of factors that we have found to be of decisive importance.
Perspectives on Treatment Needs in Schizophrenia
Authors: Meise Ullrich , Fleischhacker W. Wolfgang
Published: August 2018

Schizophrenia is one of the most severe and debilitating major psychiatric diseases, with a yearly prevalence of 0.4–0.8% in the general population (Dohrenwend, 1980; Flekkoy, 1987) and a lifetime risk of 1–1.5% (Regier et al, 1984; Robins et al, 1984). It is the prototype of a severe mental illness, with the capacity to disrupt routine daily functions in all areas of life, but especially work, social relationships, and self-care. Schizophrenia also increases the vulnerability of a patient to physical and other mental disturbances (Koran et al, 1989). Until recently, the clinical course of this disease has been far worse than that of most other psychiatric disorders, thus making it devastating for many individuals and costly to society (McGlashan, 1988). Schizophrenic patients occupy 20–25% of all the beds available for psychiatric in-patient care and account for 40% of all long-stay hospital days (Talbott et al, 1987; Meise et al, 1992). It is not so much the direct costs associated with treatment, but rather the indirect costs, such as those that arise from morbidity and mortality, that place a severe burden on the social economy (Gunderson & Mosher, 1975; Hall et al, 1985; Rice et al, 1992).
The Treatment of Negative Symptoms: Pharmacological and Methodological Issues
Authors: Carpenter William T.
Published: August 2018

The drugs currently used to treat the negative symptoms of schizophrenia are inadequate, and the methods used to evaluate their efficacy impractical and conceptually flawed. I will attempt to clarify these issues, but they are complex, and the solutions I suggest will not be completely satisfactory.
Assessing risk: are we being overcautious?
Authors: Bacon Paul
Published: August 2018

In this paper, I wish to address three questions: “are we being overcautious in the assessment of risk?”; “should we actually assess risk?”; and “are clinicians the right people to be assessing risk?”.
Cleansing versus tailored deep debridement, a fresh approach to wound cleansing: an Italian experience
Authors: Ricci Elia
Published: August 2018

Objective:

To evaluate if cleansing, using a solution containing the antimicrobial polyhexanide and the surfactant betaine (polyhexanide propylbetaine [PP], Prontosan Solution, B. Braun), can aid effective wound bed preparation (WBP).

Method:

A solution containing the PP was used in two different treatment regimens. Group A was treated with a single application at different time durations (2, 5, 10 and 15 minutes) to evaluate efficacy in the removal of residues from the wound bed. Group B was treated with PP for 10 minutes, followed by application of an inert dressing, at daily dressing changes for 14 days, to evaluate efficacy of debridement.

Results:

A total number of 70 patients took part in the study. In Group A (n=40), after the two and five minute application, no change was observed. At 10 minutes, an improvement was seen in 4/10 cases and at 15 minutes the improvement was in 5/10 patients. In Group B (n=30), over the 14 days, an improvement in the condition of the tissue, i.e. the wound bed was cleaned and debrided in 73% of cases, was observed. Patients experienced a reduction in pain and no adverse effect or complication was reported. Periwound skin was improved in 29/30 cases, with only one case where the tissue deteriorated, as determined by the presence of maceration.

Conclusion:

PP is effective in helping debridement during wound cleansing. Efficacy depends on time of application. However, randomisation and further study is required to confirm these results.
Mobile Elevated Work Platforms versus Ladders in Olive Tree Pruning: Evaluation of Physical Activity and Pruning Performance
Authors: Romaniello Roberto , Tamborrino Antonia , Leone Alessandro
Published: August 2018

Abstract. The use of mobile elevated work platforms (MEWPs) versus ladders was studied to evaluate the physical activity (PA) of workers and their performance during olive tree pruning. Accelerometers worn by the workers were used to measure triaxial accelerations, which were converted into PA using Freedson’s equation. The mean values of acceleration on the three axes for workers on ladders led to statistically higher results than for workers on MEWPs. The energy expenditure (EE) and metabolic equivalent (MET) values were statistically different (about 1.8 times higher) for the ladder work site than for the MEWP work site. The use of an MEWP leads to more time spent on moderate activity (84.30%) than when using a ladder (71.90%) but no time on vigorous activity compared to a ladder (13.88%). The pruning performance was 3.8 for the MEWP and 1.4 for the ladder, while the labor productivity was 11.4 for the MEWP and 4.2 for the ladder. Thus, it is possible to reduce worker employment and costs by about 2.7 times with MEWPs. Keywords: Accelerometry, Ladders, Mobile elevated work platform (MEWP), Olive tree pruning, Physical activity, Work overhead.
Apresentação
Authors: Araújo Marta Maria de , Vieira Cristina Maria Coimbra
Published: August 2018

Apresentação do dossiê.
O caderno de sabatinas: uma proposta de análise sobre culturas e práticas escolares do Colégio Nossa Senhora de Lourdes, Farroupilha (Rio Grande do Sul/Brasil)
Authors: Belusso Gisele , Luchese Terciane Ângela
Published: August 2018

O presente artigo comunica resultados de pesquisa na temática da História da Educação, atentando para o processo histórico do Colégio Nossa Senhora de Lourdes, Farroupilha/RS (1922-1954). Nesse sentido, tem como objetivo analisar indícios das culturas e práticas escolares a partir da cultura material. Para tanto, utilizou-se, principalmente, um caderno de sabatinas e também outros documentos, tais como o livro de atas de comemorações cívicas, livros de chamada, legislação vigente e memórias de ex-alunos e ex-professoras-religiosas. O aporte teórico é o da História Cultural e, como metodologia, foi utilizada a análise documental e a história oral. A análise permitiu perceber elementos das culturas e práticas escolares que permearam o cotidiano do Colégio Nossa Senhora de Lourdes, no ensino primário, na década de 40 do século XX.Palavras-chave: Práticas escolares. História das instituições. Ensino Primário.AbstractThis article presents research results within the subject History of Education, paying attention to the historic process of Nossa Senhora de Lourdes School, Farroupilha/RS (1922-1954). In this sense, its objective is to analyze signs of culture and school practices from material culture. For this, an evaluation notebook and other documents were mainly used, as well as a minute book of civic commemorations, roll call books, existing legislation and memories of ex-students and ex-teachers-Sisters. The theoretical contribution is that of Cultural History, and, as methodology, the document analysis and oral history were used. The analysis allowed noting elements of school cultures and practices that permeated Nossa Senhora de Lourdes School daily routine, in primary school, in the forties of the twentieth century.Key words: School practices. History of institutions. Primary teaching. ResumenEste artículo comunica resultados de investigación en la temática de la Historia de la Educación, atentando para el proceso histórico del Colegio Nossa Senhora de Lourdes, Farroupilha/RS (1922-1954). En este sentido, tiene por objetivo analizar indicios de las culturas y prácticas escolares a partir de la cultura material. Para tanto, se utilizó, principalmente, un cuaderno de pruebas y también otros documentos, tales como el libro de actas de conmemoraciones cívicas, libros de presencias, legislación vigente y memorias de ex-alumnos y ex-maestras religiosas. El aporte teórico es el de la Historia Cultural y, como metodología, fue utilizado el análisis documentario y la historia oral. El análisis permitió descubrir elementos de las culturas y prácticas escolares que permearon el cotidiano del Colegio Nossa Senhora de Lourdes, en la enseñanza primaria, en la década del 40 del siglo XX.Palabras clave: Prácticas escolares. Historia de las instituciones. Enseñanza Primaria.
Entre morros, mares, campos e aldeias: costuras historiográficas sobre a escolarização das populações rurais. LIMA, S.C.F.; MUSIAL, G.B.S. (Orgs.). Histórias e memórias da escolarização das populações rurais: sujeitos, instituições, práticas, fontes e conflitos. Jundiaí: Paco Editorial, 2016.
Authors: Araújo Juliana Pereira de
Published: August 2018

LIMA, S.C.F.; MUSIAL, G.B.S. (Orgs.). Histórias e memórias da escolarização das populações rurais: sujeitos, instituições, práticas, fontes e conflitos. Jundiaí: Paco Editorial, 2016.
O estudo do manuscrito de João Köpke: um objeto de memória e história da leitura FERREIRA, N.S.A. Um estudo sobre "Versos para pequeninos", manuscrito de João Köpke. Campinas/SP: Mercado das Letras, 2017. 275 p.
Authors: Oliveira Larissa De Souza
Published: August 2018

FERREIRA, N.S.A. Um estudo sobre "Versos para pequeninos", manuscrito de João Köpke. Campinas/SP: Mercado das Letras, 2017. 275 p.
Escolarização da aritmética e produção de manuais escolares no Rio Grande do Sul no início do século 20
Authors: Mathias Carmen Vieira , Quadros Claudemir De
Published: August 2018

Por meio deste texto propõe-se a perceber como definições legais repercutiram na escolarização da Aritmética e na produção de manuais escolares no Rio Grande do Sul no início do século 20. Para tanto, dedica-se atenção ao que foi estabelecido no decreto n. 239, de 5 de junho de 1899, por meio do qual se aprovaram os programas do ensino elementar e complementar para o Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, e a sua relação com um manual didático para o ensino de Aritmética publicado em São Leopoldo/RS, por Luís Schuler em 1904. Em termos gerais, percebeu-se que os conteúdos abordados no livro guardam estreita relação com o texto legal, apesar de pequenas incoerências.Palavras-chave: História da Educação, Manuais Escolares, Ensino de Matemática, Aritmética. AbstractThrough this text it is proposed to understand how legal definitions had repercussions in the teaching of Arithmetic and in the textbooks production in Rio Grande do Sul at the beginning of the 20th century. Therefore, attention is paid to what was established in act  n. 239 of June 5, 1899, which approved the programs of elementary and supplementary education for the State of Rio Grande do Sul, and its relationship with a didactic manual for teaching Arithmetic published in São Leopoldo/RS , by Luis Schuler in 1904. In general terms, it was perceived that the contents covered in the book are closely related to the legal text, despite small disagreements.Key-words: History of Education. School Manuals. Mathematics Teaching. Arithmetic.ResumenPor medio de este texto se propone percibir como definiciones legales repercutieron en el Rio Grande do Sul en el comienzo del siglo 20. Para tanto, se dedica atención a lo que fue establecido en el decreto n.239, de 5 de junio de 1899, por medeio del cual se aprobaron los programas de enseñanza elemental y complementaria para el estado de Rio Grande do Sul, y a su relación con el manual didáctico para la enseñanza de Aritmética publicado en São Leopoldo/RS, por Luís Schuler en 1904. En términos generales, se percibió que los contenidos abordados en el libro guardan estrecha relación con el texto legal, a pesar de pequeñas incoherencias.Palabras-clave: Historia de la Educación. Manuales Escolares. Enseñanza de Matemática. Aritmética.
Respiratory physiology during swimming: Better exhale and inhale
Yüzmede solunum fizyolojisi: Etkili nefes verme ve alma
Authors: Titiz Mesut İzzet
Published: August 2018

Water is not a physiologically friendly environment for humans. Due to limited movement and unnatural adjustment to breathing patterns, we feel stressed, nervous, anxious, and physically tenser. These psychological conditions are detrimental to the performance for beginner swimmers. As with most sports, the physiologically optimal state during non-sprinting performance in swimming is aerobic respiration. As performance intensity increases, effectively increased rate of respiration must follow. The diaphragm is the primary respiratory muscle. The diaphragm and auxiliary respiratory muscles work together to accommodate the condition the body in accordingly.Fish breathe continuously during their life in the water by their gills which allow them extract oxygen from the water in a way without interruptions for inspiration or expiration. They do not change their optimal swimming position during breathing. Mammalian fishes like dolphins breathe not with their gills but with their lungs like we do. Dolphins must come to the surface of the water to breathe through their blowhole at their humpback. Observation of the the way dolphins breathe and use the experience wisely to the swimming exercises may help improve swimming and the fun of it. If we cannot swim fishlike we have to investigate and research for what we are doing wrong. Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.Özetİnsanlar hep suda balıklar gibi yüzmeyi hayal etmişlerdir. Ancak su insan için yabancı bir ortamdır, rahat solunum yapamaz, rahat hareket edemez, kaslarımız su içinde karada olduğundan daha gergindir, su ortamında solunum yolunu etkin kullanma doğal olmadığından nefes verme ve alma streslidir. Su ortamında solunum yapma, nefes alıp-verme hareketi streamline pozisyonunu geçici olarak bozacaktır. Fizyolojik olarak insan metabolizmasının optimum devamı için en verimli ortam aerobik ortamdır. Anaerobik şartlarda çabuk yoruluruz, bu nedenle yüzerken harcanan eforun doğru ve etkili solunum ile desteklenmesi gereklidir. Fizyolojik olarak eforla artan metabolik ihtiyaca göre solunum temposu da artar. Bu nedenle egzersiz sırasında daha sık nefes alırız. Etkili solunum için tüm primer ve yardımcı solunum kasları etkili nefes verme ve alma yönünde maksimum verimle çalışır. Su ortamında yaşayan yunusların, akciğerli balıkların davranışlarının incelenmesi, su ortamı dinamiklerine uyumlarının gözlemi, elde edilen bilgilerin yüzme çalışmalarında akılcı kullanılması, yüzme sporunu geliştirebilir, çok daha eğlenceli hale getirebilir. Eğer balıklar gibi yüzemiyorsak nerede hatalı davrandığımızı incelememiz gerekir.
Sharp maximal estimates for multilinear commutators of multilinear strongly singular Calderón–Zygmund operators and applications
Authors: Lin Yan , Lu Guozhen , Lu Shanzhen
Published: August 2018

In this paper, we aim to establish the
sharp maximal pointwise estimates for the multilinear commutators generated by multilinear strongly singular Calderón–Zygmund operators and BMO functions or Lipschitz functions, respectively. As applications, the boundedness of these multilinear commutators on product of weighted Lebesgue spaces are obtained.
It is interesting to note that there is no size condition assumption for the kernel of the multilinear strongly singular Calderón–Zygmund operator. Due to the stronger singularity for the kernel of the multilinear strongly singular Calderón–Zygmund operator, we need to be more careful in estimating the mean oscillation over the small balls to get the sharp maximal function estimates.
Property (T), finite-dimensional representations, and generic representations
Authors: Doucha Michal , Malicki Maciej , Valette Alain
Published: August 2018

Let G be a discrete group with Property (T). It is a standard fact that, in a unitary representation of G on a Hilbert space

ℋ

{\mathcal{H}}

, almost invariant vectors are close to invariant vectors, in a quantitative way. We begin by showing that, if a unitary representation has some vector whose coefficient function is close to a coefficient function of some finite-dimensional unitary representation σ, then the vector is close to a sub-representation isomorphic to σ: this makes quantitative a result of P. S. Wang. We use that to give a new proof of a result by D. Kerr, H. Li and M. Pichot, that a group G with Property (T) and such that

C
*

⁢

(
G
)

{C^{*}(G)}

is residually finite-dimensional, admits a unitary representation which is generic (i.e. the orbit of this representation in

R
⁢
e
⁢
p
⁢

(
G
,
ℋ
)

{Rep(G,\mathcal{H})}

under the unitary group

U
⁢

(
ℋ
)

{U(\mathcal{H})}

is comeager). We also show that, under the same assumptions, the set of representations equivalent to a Koopman representation is comeager in

Rep
⁢

(
G
,
ℋ
)

{\mathrm{Rep}(G,\mathcal{H})}

.
Towards FAIRer Biological Knowledge Networks Using a Hybrid Linked Data and Graph Database Approach
Authors: Brandizi Marco , Singh Ajit , Rawlings Christopher , Hassani-Pak Keywan
Published: August 2018

The speed and accuracy of new scientific discoveries – be it by humans or artificial intelligence – depends on the quality of the underlying data and on the technology to connect, search and share the data efficiently. In recent years, we have seen the rise of graph databases and semi-formal data models such as knowledge graphs to facilitate software approaches to scientific discovery. These approaches extend work based on formalised models, such as the Semantic Web. In this paper, we present our developments to connect, search and share data about genome-scale knowledge networks (GSKN). We have developed a simple application ontology based on OWL/RDF with mappings to standard schemas. We are employing the ontology to power data access services like resolvable URIs, SPARQL endpoints, JSON-LD web APIs and Neo4j-based knowledge graphs. We demonstrate how the proposed ontology and graph databases considerably improve search and access to interoperable and reusable biological knowledge (i.e. the FAIRness data principles).
Single identities forcing lattices to be Boolean
Authors: Chajda Ivan , Länger Helmut , Padmanabhan Ranganathan
Published: August 2018

In this note we characterize Boolean algebras among lattices of type (2, 2, 1) with join, meet and an additional unary operation by means of single two-variable respectively three-variable identities. In particular, any uniquely complemented lattice satisfying any one of these equational constraints is distributive and hence a Boolean algebra.
Distance functions on the sets of ordinary elliptic curves in short Weierstrass form over finite fields of characteristic three
Authors: Hakuta Keisuke
Published: August 2018

We study distance functions on the set of ordinary (or non-supersingular) elliptic curves in short Weierstrass form (or simplified Weierstrass form) over a finite field of characteristic three. Mishra and Gupta (2008) firstly construct distance functions on the set of elliptic curves in short Weierstrass form over any prime field of characteristic greater than three. Afterward, Vetro (2011) constructs some other distance functions on the set of elliptic curves in short Weierstrass form over any prime field of characteristic greater than three. Recently, Hakuta (2015) has proposed distance functions on the set of ordinary elliptic curves in short Weierstrass form over any finite field of characteristic two. However, to our knowledge, no analogous result is known in the characteristic three case. In this paper, we shall prove that one can construct distance functions on the set of ordinary elliptic curves in short Weierstrass form over any finite field of characteristic three. A cryptographic application of our distance functions is also discussed.
Refinements of the majorization-type inequalities via green and fink identities and related results
Authors: Khalid Sadia , Pečarić Josip , Vukelić Ana
Published: August 2018

In this work, the Green’s function of order two is used together with Fink’s approach in Ostrowski’s inequality to represent the difference between the sides of the Sherman’s inequality. Čebyšev, Grüss and Ostrowski-type inequalities are used to obtain several bounds of the presented Sherman-type inequality. Further, we construct a new family of exponentially convex functions and Cauchy-type means by looking to the linear functionals associated with the obtained inequalities.
System of nonlocal resonant boundary value problems involving p-Laplacian
Authors: Szymańska-Dębowska Katarzyna
Published: August 2018

Our aim is to study the existence of solutions for the following system of nonlocal resonant boundary value problem

(
φ
(

x
′

)

)
′

=
f
(
t
,
x
,

x
′

)
,

x
′

(
0
)
=
0
,

x
(
1
)
=

∫

0

1

x
(
s
)

d

g
(
s
)
,

$$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
(\varphi (x'))' =f(t,x,x'),\quad x'(0)=0, \quad x(1)=\int\limits_{0 }^{1}x(s){\rm d} g(s),
\end{array}$$

where the function ϕ : ℝ
n
→ ℝ
n
is given by ϕ (s) = (φ

p1(s
1), …, φpn
(sn
)), s ∈ ℝ
n
, pi
> 1 and φpi
: ℝ → ℝ is the one dimensional pi
-Laplacian, i = 1,…,n, f : [0,1] × ℝ
n
× ℝ
n
→ ℝ
n
is continuous and g : [0,1] → ℝ
n
is a function of bounded variation. The proof of the main result is depend upon the coincidence degree theory.
Construction of a unique mild solution of one-dimensional Keller-Segel systems with uniformly elliptic operators having variable coefficients
Authors: Yahagi Yumi
Published: August 2018

A one-dimensional Keller-Segel system which is defined through uniformly elliptic operators having variable coefficients is considered. In the main theorems, the local existence and uniqueness of the mild solution of the system are proved. The main method to construct the mild solution is an argument of successive approximations by means of strongly continuous semi-groups.
Infinitely many solutions for non-homogeneous Neumann problems in Orlicz-Sobolev spaces
Authors: Shokooh Saeid , Afrouzi Ghasem A. , Graef John R.
Published: August 2018

By using variational methods and critical point theory in an appropriate Orlicz-Sobolev setting, the authors establish the existence of infinitely many non-negative weak solutions to a non-homogeneous Neumann problem. They also provide some particular cases and an example to illustrate the main results in this paper.
The Ontology and Syntax of Stoic Causes and Effects
Authors: Gourinat Jean-Baptiste
Published: August 2018

The ontology of Stoic causes and effects was clearly anti-platonic, since the Stoics did not want to admit that any incorporeal entity could have an effect. However, by asserting that any cause was the cause of an incorporeal effect, they returned to Plato’s syntax of causes in the Sophist, whose doctrine of the asymmetry of nouns and verbs identified names with the agents and verbs with the actions. The ontological asymmetry of causes and effects blocked the multiplication of causes by reducing it to an efficient cause. However, while ontology and syntax merged into the doctrine of the effect as an incorporeal predicate, this was further complicated by a relational description of a cause as the effect of a body on a body and by the distinction of causes. Since there are different kinds of causes, not every kind of cause has the same syntactical role in the nexus of causal relations. This refinement of the original syntactical model presumably allowed the Stoics to give a more coherent view of human action than is usually assumed.
Ranking Barriers, Motivators, and Facilitators to Promote Physical Activity Participation of Persons With Dementia: An Explorative Study
Authors: Karssemeijer Esther G. A. , de Klijn Fleur H. , Bossers Willem J. R. , Olde Rikkert Marcel G. M. , van Heuvelen Marieke J. G.
Published: August 2018

Background and Purpose:

Community-dwelling persons with dementia are inactive most of the day. The purpose of this study was to rank the barriers, motivators, and facilitators that hamper or promote physical activity (PA) participation for persons with dementia. This could provide knowledge that can be used to design effective interventions to promote PA participation for persons with dementia.

Methods:

Twenty community-dwelling persons with dementia, mean (SD) age = 79 (5.4) years, 25% female, mean (SD) Mini-Mental Status Examination score = 23 (3.5); their informal caregivers, N = 20, mean (SD) age = 70 (11.5) years, 85% female; and an expert group of physiotherapists, N = 15, mean (SD) age = 41 (12.4) years, 73% female, were asked to rank preselected barriers, motivators, and facilitators of PA participation for persons with dementia. These statements were categorized at the intrapersonal, interpersonal, and community levels.

Results and Discussion:

Persons with dementia and their informal caregivers selected only motivators and facilitators as being important for PA participation, with the motivator “beneficial health effects” considered the most important. The experts had a different perspective on PA participation; half of their ranked top 10 most important factors were barriers to PA participation for persons with dementia. This could be explained by the more critical role of a therapist, focusing on symptom control and treatment of disability; in this case, the elimination of barriers to maintain PA participation in their patients. Furthermore, all groups prioritized statements at the intrapersonal level.

Conclusions:

The results of this study suggest a difference in perspective between the more optimistic view of persons with dementia and their informal caregivers and the more critical view of physiotherapy experts regarding the most important factors that influence PA participation. In addition, there was a strong focus on the individual characteristics that influence PA behavior that warrant personalized interventions to promote PA in persons with dementia.
Analysis of Oil Film Characteristics of Two-Axial Groove Sleeve Bearings
Authors: Wang Li-li , Wei Yu-liang , Yuan Guo-teng , Zhao Xing-tang , Geng Huan
Published: August 2018

Based on the finite finite difference method, the Reynolds equation, the flow equilibrium relationship of oil film gradient, and the oil film thickness equation are solved for different groove locations and depths in two-axial groove sleeve bearings. The oil film pressure, extent of the cavitation zone, and carrying capacity of two-axial groove sleeve bearings are computed at different oil groove locations and depths. With the increase of oil groove depth, the oil film pressure of two-axial groove sleeve bearings decreases noticeably, and the bearing capacity decreases gradually. It can be concluded that the maximum oil film pressure and bearing capacity of two-axial groove sleeve bearings are lower than that of the common sleeve bearing. With the groove position moving along the circumferential direction, the oil film pressure peak heights and bearing capacities decrease and then increase. The oil film pressure peak heights and load capacities reach maximum when the position of the two-axial oil groove is about 20° and 200°. It has been proven that different positions of oil grooves show different influences on the extent of the cavitation zone. The first oil groove is always located in the full oil film region, and the second oil groove may be located in the full oil film region or the cavitation region because of the change of distance from the convergent wedge of the bearing. The cavitation area firstly decreases and then increases with the movement of the groove in the circumferential direction.
Evaluation Of Macroprudential Policy On Credit Growth In Indonesia: Credit Registry Data Approach
Authors: Dana Badara Shofi
Published: August 2018

Macro-prudential policies have an essential role in mitigating the imbalances in the financial sector that stem from procyclical credit growth. This study aims to evaluate macro-prudential policy in mitigating risk on procyclical credit growth with a registry data approach. Structural Vector Autoregression (SVAR) analysis method is used to evaluate macro-prudential policy in influencing credit growth. The results show LTV instruments can reduce credit growth but not to procyclical mitigation. Dissimilar results in the implementation of CCB and GWM + LDR instruments are capable of procyclical credit mitigation. Policies that can be done by the central bank are the establishment of an early warning system in macro-prudential policy as well as strengthening of Countercyclical Buffer (CCB), Loan to Value (LTV) instruments and Minimum Reserve Requirement + Loan Funding Ratio (GWM + LFR) in capturing systemic risks from various sources which further strengthens the assessment and surveillance.DOI:10.15408/etk.v17i2.7324
Problematic issues of regulatory and legal support of the civil protection administration system operation
Authors: Barylo O. G.
Published: August 2018

This article examined the legislation of Ukraine as well as studies on public administration in the field of civil protection. It has been revealed that far too little attention has been paid to the problematic issues regarding the structure and tasks of the civil protection administration system which are not covered properly in the provisions of legislative and regulatory acts. Analysis of the legislative framework of Ukraine that regulates public administration bodies and local self-governments in the field of civil protection was carried out. It is emphasized that in the legislative acts, the issues regarding the civil protection administration system and information and analysis system as its component are introduced in a fragmented manner, not in full.The provisions of legislative and regulatory acts in the field of civil protection shows controversy and duplication of tasks on emergency notification and informing the authorities as well as population including their training to act in emergency, on information and analytical support for decision-making under the circumstances as well. It is proposed to identify separately the analysis and information system of civil protection as a component of the civil protection administration system in the legislative acts.
Особливості трансформації освіти в епоху глобалізації
Authors: Kolyada I. G.
Published: August 2018

У статті аналізуються проблеми трансформації освіти в умовах глобалізації. Автор акцентує увагу на тому, що глобалізація, як об’єктивний процес зрощення національних економік, культур, соціальних систем, відбувається на фоні інтенсивного розвитку інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій. Наголошено на тому, що розглядати процеси трансформації освіти неможливо поза даним контекстом. В ході дослідження з’ясовано, що основними причинами трансформації освіти виступають цивілізаційні зміни, соціально-економічні процеси у глобалізованого суспільства, стрімкий розвиток інформаційних технологій, наслідком чого є формування відкритого освітнього простору. Охарактеризовано основні напрямки  освітньої трансформації з огляду на ефекти та ризики, що їх супроводжують. Встановлено, що на сучасному етапі глобалізації основними тенденціями змін  виступають процеси диверсифікації, соціалізації та демократизації освіти. Описуючи особливості змін, авторкою наголошено, що глобалізаційні процеси знаходять відображення як у змісті освітнього процесу, так і у формах його організації. Відбувається формування глобальної освітньої моделі, яка сама може виступати критерієм глобалізації.
Тактичний урбанізм як концепт активного конструювання соціально-просторових практик сучасного міста
Authors: Afanas’yeva L. V. , Kuznetsova A. S.
Published: August 2018

У статті розглядаються засади соціально-культурної модернізації сучасних українських міст в умовах зростання частки і ролі приватних просторів, успішне конструювання яких потребує проявів колабораційного та партисипаційного підходів, на яких ґрунтується концепція тактичного урбанізму. Окреслені напрямки активного конструювання соціально-просторових практик сучасного міста і переформатування простору міської культури шляхом задіяння в цьому процесі громадських ініціатив. Встановлено, що серед розглянутих концепцій тактичний урбанізм як концепт активного конструювання міського простору взаємодії володіє значним потенціалом відтворення соціальної активності громад й створення передумов збереження культурної ідентичності міського середовища. Доведено, що ідея моделювання громадянських «низових» соціокультурних ініціатив як важливого інструменту вирішення суспільних проблем та формування нової свідомості засобами успішних дозвільних практик невеликих українських міст потребує ґрунтовного вивчення проблемного поля і культурного потенціалу міських громад. Обґрунтовується потреба задіяння засобів сучасної соціологічної науки до розробок моделей впливу міської  громади на міський простір – як простір соціальних смислів і взаємодій, моніторингу та наукового супроводу процесу їх реалізації на всіх етапах.
Нова парадигма для суспільства глобальної епохи: субсидіарна перспектива Бенедикта XVI
Authors: Danyliuk I. V
Published: August 2018

У статті досліджується вчення Папи Бенедикта XVI та його погляди на суспільство ХХІ ст.: роль, яку відводив глава Католицької церкви людині, суспільству, державі та міжнародній спільноті в епоху глобалізації. Розглянуто принципи пропоновані Бенедиктом XVI для відносин у середині  суспільства, державно-суспільних та міжнародних відносин в ХХІ столітті. Здійснено спробу окреслити парадигму Бенедикта XVI для суспільних взаємовідносин та міжнародної співпраці в період глобалізації. Розглянуто субсидіарну перспективу Бенедикта XVI для міжособистісних, суспільно-державних та міжнародних відносин. Виявлено, що саме збільшення участі особистості в суспільному житті – це основа розвитку благополучного суспільства, адже через соціальну активність, на думку Бенедикта XVI, особа змінюватиме свій соціальний статус та працюватиме на благо суспільства. Соціальна активність громадян створює виклик для влади, а саме – делегувати свої повноваження на нижчі рівні аж до простих громадян.  На думку понтифіка, в глобалізованому суспільстві успіх держав залежить від здатності делегувати повноваження громадянам, тобто доручити побудову суспільного блага самим же громадянам. Окремо розкрито питання міжнародних відносин та співпраці. Бенедикт XVI закликає до управління глобалізацією та говорить про необхідність нового світового авторитету. Такий авторитет, на його думку, повинен керуватись у своїй діяльності принципом субсидіарності. У статті окреслено бачення глобальної влади та ролі громадянина і держави в період глобалізації.
Становлення поглядів Джона Дьюї в американському суспільстві XIX століття та німецька класична філософія
Authors: Rozputna M. V.
Published: August 2018

У статті досліджено погляди Джона Дьюї на американський прагматизм та його зв’язок із німецькою класичною філософією. З’ясовано історичні передумови формування поглядів вченого на основні поняття його досліджень вчення, а саме: «досвід», «прагматизм», «логіка».  Досліджено основні погляди представників американського прагматизму, зокрема Джона Дьюї та визначено його взаємозв’язок із німецькою класичною філософією. В якості методологічного інструментарію роботи обрано: аналітичний – з метою огляду матеріалу для формування теоретичних і методологічних основ дослідження; історичний – при аналізі розвитку поглядів вченого у взаємозв’язку із німецькою класичною філософією; компаративний – для виявлення значення німецької класичної філософії на становлення поглядів вченого.  Встановлено, що Джон Дьюї є представником класичного американського прагматизму, що має витоки із німецької класичної філософії– це ми і доводимо у дослідженні. У широкому сенсі класичні американські прагматики – Чарльз Сандерс Пірс, Вільям Джеймс та Джон Дьюї розвивали німецьку класичну ідеалістичну традицію, завершуючи процес її натуралізації, яка почалась із Георга Вільгельма Фрідріх Гегеля. Розглядаючи погляди Джона Дьюї, що виходять за межі раціоналізму та є певним поверненням до початків прагматизму в німецькому ідеалізмі, приходимо до висновку, що прагматисти, зокрема Джон Дьюї, синтезують натуралізм і емпіризм. А далі постає питання про синтез раціоналізму і прагматизму.
Зміна ролі особистості і соціальної структури в сучасних філософських концепціях
Authors: Saifudinova O. V.
Published: August 2018

Сучасні теорії суспільного розвитку є спробою адаптувати зміни, які вже протікають у суспільстві. Спонтанність, хаотичність, непередбачуваність поточних змін змушує кожного члена суспільства знайти свій власний спосіб життя і сформувати власні цінності, постійно перебуваючи в зоні очікуваного ризику. Безліч різноспрямованих цілей індивідів, різні способи їх досягнення, різні ресурси, які були використані при цьому, розхитують існуюче суспільство, змушуючи його до трансформування. Результатом таких змін є гнучка, короткострокова соціальна структура, що пристосовується до будь-яких зовнішніх і внутрішніх змін та наповнена індивідами зі схожими особистими характеристиками. Індивіди без зразка для наслідування, боротьби з суспільством, без правил та меж, встановлених соціальним оточенням, знаходяться у процесі досягнення короткострокового результату, вони хаотично рухаються розвивають свої власні ресурси. Наслідком таких змін як на рівні індивідів, так і на рівні суспільства виступає зростаюча мобільність (і особиста, і соціальна). Група і суспільство в цілому отримують можливість на зміни, які можуть відбуватися в самих сферах, приносячи хаос, ризики, галопуючий розвиток і таку довгоочікувану свободу.
Релігійний плюралізм у сучасному соціологічному теоретизуванні
Authors: Yaremchuk S. S.
Published: August 2018

У статті проаналізовано релігійний плюралізм у сучасному соціологічному теоретизуванні, зокрема в контексті теорії релігійної економіки та теорії секуляризації. З’ясовано значення релігійного плюралізму для розвитку теорії релігійної економіки як «нової» парадигми в соціології релігії. Розкрито виміри релігійного плюралізму, а саме: (1) плюралізм релігійних споживачів; (2) плюралізм постачальників; (3) плюралізм ресурсів (релігійні переваги і чисельність населення). При цьому вказано, що плюралізм релігійних споживачів є продуктом плюралізму постачальників, а він, своєю чергою, є продуктом плюралізму ресурсів. Охарактеризовано взаємозв’язок релігійного плюралізму та релігійної активності. Встановлено, що необхідно взагалі відмовитися від прагнення до єдиного підходу («загального закону»), який пояснює відносини між релігійним плюралізмом і релігійною участю. Висвітлене питання методології вимірювання релігійного плюралізму. Виявлено, що наслідком збільшення розміру будь-якої релігійної групи є обов’язковий ріст плюралізму, але до певної межі. Досліджено зв’язок між збільшенням релігійної пропозиції і релігійністю. З’ясовано, що надлишкова релігійна пропозиція не приводить до збільшення релігійності.
Адміністративна реформа в Україні: проблеми та перспективи втілення
Authors: Slipetska J. M.
Published: August 2018

У статті висвітлено основні наукові підходи до розуміння поняття «адміністративна реформа», проаналізовано існуючий адміністративно-територіальний поділ України та перспективи його зміни, простежено еволюцією концепцій адміністративної реформи, визначено плюси і мінуси як її реалізації загалом, так і кожної концепції зокрема. Розкрито особливості імплементації адміністративної реформи в Україні, міфи з якими вона пов’язана, виділено три площини її реалізації, окрема увага приділена аналізу переваг, які вона може принести для громади. Визначено ключові проблеми та загрози імплементації адміністративної реформи в Україні. Прослідковано вплив політичного чинника, зокрема періодичних виборчих кампаній на терміни реалізації адміністративної реформи в Україні. Проаналізовано нормативну базу, прийняту ключовими політичними інституціями держави та міжнародні правові документи у контексті адміністративної реформи. Вивчено зарубіжний досвід впровадження адміністративної реформи в Польщі та Латвії, а також ті «уроки», які Україна може почерпнути для себе. Визначено першочергові кроки, які необхідно здійснити на шляху реалізації реформи.