bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is Ignorance Bliss? Role of Credibility Information and System Reliability on User Trust in Emergent Technologies
Authors: Madhavan Poornima
Published: February 2022

Understanding the relationship between the credibility of an emergent system and users’ perceptions would improve our knowledge of human interaction with emergent technologies in the present day. The purpose of this research was to examine how much background information about an emergent system must be given to naïve users to engender appropriate trust and utilization. Participants performed a simulated airline luggage-screening task with the assistance of an emergent system that was 70% reliable on one half of the task and 90% reliable on the other half. Participants were assigned to one of two groups: (1) no information (participants were merely told they would receive the assistance of an automated system with no additional details), and (2) information (participants were provided with background information about the system’s functions, including the fact that it was a recently developed emergent system whose credibility had yet to be established). Results revealed that background information led to higher trust and better utilization than no information, even when the system was portrayed as emergent without established credibility. Regardless of the actual level of system expertise, information about system functions engendered more appropriate utilization.
Brain Activity During a Visual Stimulation Task Performed Alone and with an Auditory Task
Authors: Komiyamaa Noritaka , Hagiwarab Hiroshi
Published: February 2022

Dual processing of visual and auditory stimuli has been reported to reduce performance. However, assessment of brain activity during tasks that use both visual and auditory senses has seldom been reported. The purpose of this study was to compare brain activity during a visual reaction task performed alone and at the same time as an auditory task. Near-infrared spectroscopy was used to measure hemodynamic changes in the prefrontal cortex during task performance. Probes were placed on the surface of the scalp over the prefrontal cortex and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (Brodmann area 46). Brain activation patterns were measured during performance of a visual reaction task with and without concurrent performance of an auditory task. Oxygenated hemoglobin concentration was larger when the visual reaction task was performed alone than when the visual reaction task was performed with an auditory task. These results suggest that dual performance of visual and auditory tasks affected brain activity and that dual performance of visual and auditory tasks may reduce brain activity and performance.
Neurocognitive Design Methods for Plastic Model Kit
Authors: Takao Motoharu , Matsushima Masato , Koretake Shintaro , Shimizu Hiroyo , Kamei Takafumi
Published: February 2022

A plastic model is provided as a kit to be assembled by hobbyists, and intended for static display. Although numerous products are designed and provided by many firms, the blue prints tend to be drawn empirically by engineers. Then, modelers sometimes get tired when they make the same parts repetitively. Electroencephalogram (EEG) is an attractive measure for neurocognitive functions. Especially, frontal midline theta brain wave activity (Fm theta) has been reported to be a good sign for such brain functions. Fm theta is a paradoxical phenomenon that slow brain wave is activated under high arousal condition. Many studies have reported that Fm theta can be recorded during some mental workload task performances: mental calculation, working memory tasks, and TV games. We have already discovered that plastic model building can can evoke a more sustained and higher amplitude Fm theta, compared with mental calculation, the original and standard task for Fm theta activation (Takao et al., 2010). There is no other study on brain function for plastic model buildings. In this paper, we discuss the possibility of Fm theta as a neurocognitive method to evaluate blue print.
Model Synchronization in Sociotechnical Service Systems
Authors: Thieme Michael , Meyer Lars-Peter , Meyer Kyrill , Zinke Christian
Published: February 2022

Integrated product-service systems become complex sociotechnical services consisting of human and technological components. Existing management approaches are limited as they neglect changing resources and processes during the service lifecycle. The lack of proper procedures and methods going beyond the initial service engineering leads towards unsystematic and low-quality services. This contribution addresses this gap between the real service processes and the underlying service model. The paper will describe a 4-steps procedure model, which defines a framework for synchronization routines in sociotechnical service systems. The methodic approach focuses on the definition and integration of synchronization procedures in addition to standard service development. Besides the theoretical basis, we demonstrate the practicability with a case study.
User Experience as Service at Social Networking
Authors: Chen Houn-Gee , Zhu Yu-Qian
Published: February 2022

Despite the popularity of social networks, there is a lack of a systematic way in which different social networking services can be categorized, and what users’ expectations and motivations for each type of social networking services are. This paper presents a framework of social networking services. We then proceed to elaborate on how to provide best user experiences from a need-satisfaction lens for each type of social networking services.
Exploring the Servicelization of Mobile User Interface Evaluation
Authors: Chou Shih-Chun , Tsai Tse-Ming , Lin Yuting
Published: February 2022

Publication apps, as applications of magazines, books, journals or catalogs published for mobile devices, promise to revolutionize the way we read. A feature central to the success of publication apps is the design of a satisfied interface to link interactive components to the content, which plays a pivotal role in providing readers with good memories and increasing reader satisfaction. However, today's production platform cannot directly feedback suitable mobile user interfaces for designers or editors, as well as the review processes are so lengthy that companies spend a lot of time in waiting for the results or fixing apps based on the rejection reasons. In order to improve the quality of publication apps, we propose a systematic pre-evaluation process that assists businesses to start a pleasant design and to offer consistent mobile experiences to their specific reader communities. The current study integrates association rule mining algorithm with rejection letters in order to identify possible unsatisfied user interface. We find that publishers who submit numerous publication apps save time in both development and submission, resulting from reducing the communication gap with programmers. Therefore, this approach not only enhances efficiency for mobile application development through technology-mediated service, but also effectively generates quality assured user interface meeting mobile reader needs while remaining economically competitive.
Knowledge and Learning in Practice-Based Studies: An Integrated Perspective to Understand Innovation
Authors: Spena Tizianaa Russo , Katri Lappalainen Inka band Mele Cristina Kallio
Published: February 2022

This article goes in-depth in the conceptual analysis of knowledge and learning as social cultural phenomena. We focus on studying three practice-based learning approaches we named - “knowing-in practice”, “knowing-in-between practices” and “cultural-historical activity theory”- through their key concepts. More specifically we are interested in how these approaches interpret the creation of new social structures, learning processes, and practices in cultural-historic contexts for the creation of new knowledge, practice and activity. The study brings new conceptual insight to the topical phenomena about learning mechanisms and provides evidence on how these mechanisms have the potential to contribute to innovation. Thus, as our conclusion we state that we benefit on in-depth understanding about different elements of learning in and between actors in order to create better conditions for collaborative development, renewals and innovations to take place.
Discourse Analysis of Voice-Based Computer-Mediated Communication in Distributed Work
Authors: Chinoa Tetsuro , Toriia Kentaro , Uchihirab Naoshi , Hiraishib Kunihiko
Published: February 2022

Computer-mediated remote voice communication among care providers is analyzed by a newly proposed discourse model. Nursing and care are central to healthcare services, and improvements in the quality and efficiency of healthcare processes are important issues. Effective communication support that does not interfere with normal operations is an urgent need. Here we examined a “smart voice tweet system” intended to overcome this problem by supporting collaboration across different sites. We field-tested this system at an elderly care facility in Japan for 5 days in 2013. We observed the activities of groups of care workers during residents’ lunch and dinner and collected data on use of the system. By discourse analysis based on the proposed model, we confirm the validity of the voice tweet system as a support for remote voice communication among staff collaborating to achieve tasks. The findings can be used to design rules for estimating the ongoing status of collaborations and classifying voice tweets by purpose to decide whether they should be sent or just recorded. This research is based on joint research conducted by the Toshiba Corporation, the Shimizu Corporation, and the Japan Institute of Science and Technology with support from the Japan Science and Technology Agency.
Natural Human Interaction - The Future of Social Media
Authors: Rainer Glomann Leonhard
Published: February 2022

In the future, major social networks will become personal “Social Dashboards”, being at the core of people’s lives in the global village. Human Relationships will no longer be as physically dependent and we will befriend and hang out with people from all over the world and all walks of life, all ethnicities and all beliefs, creating a worldwide melting pot. All the same, the future is anything but information overload. The future is information customization. There will be no need to search for information. The information will find us. It will be specially tailored to individual interests and needs, saving all a lot of time, effort and energy. There will be no difference between a physical and a digital world. There will be no division between user experience and consumer experience. There will be a human experience. The future of social media is natural human interaction, pure and simple.
3M Poland Manufacturing: An Ergonomics Success Story
Authors: Szpaka Marcin , Szpakb Tomasz , L. Larsonc Nancy
Published: February 2022

As a member of the European Union (EU), 3M Poland must comply with both Polish and EU law. The primary Polish Health and Safety law and EU norm (EN 614-1:2006+A1:2009 - This paper describes two successful ergonomics case studies from two 3M manufacturing locations in Poland. It describes the job assessment process, details job assessment results, describes solutions implemented, and provides information about cost and benefits realized. In this session, two case study projects, one from Janinów and the other from the Rabka site, will be presented. One of these projects (Janinów) won 3M’s internal Applied Ergonomics Innovation Awards (AEIA) in 2012, and the second from Rabka will be nominated for this same prize in 2013. The projects describe the application of the Ergonomics Risk Reduction Program, which improved workers’ quality of life, productivity, and product quality, as well.
Evaluation of Working Postures in Mexican Rural Workers and Their Effect on Musculoskeletal Discomfort
Authors: Angelica Gómez-Carrillo Adriana , Luz González-Muñoz Elvia
Published: February 2022

The study population consisted of workers who live in areas considered rural (less than 2, 500 people and have no regular water service, electric light, street paving, according to INEGI, 2010), distributed in the municipalities of Poncitlán and Ocotlan, Jalisco. Its economy depends to be workers or peasants in small family plots. Objective: To relate the positions taken and musculoskeletal discomfort in workers of a furniture industry in Ciénega region of Mexico, in 2011. Methods: Cross-sectional prospective analytical component. 258 workers participated. The instruments used were socio-demographic survey, Standardized Nordic Questionnaire (CNE) and OWAS method. The data were analyzed using basic statistics and correlation, organizing data in tables and graphs. Results: The greatest inconvenience positions were presented in sewing, upholstery, assembly and shipping. Variables in the correlation of the anatomical region of the back and expressed seniority factor had the highest risk, followed by positions with action category 3 and 4 OWAS and age. Conclusions: These are the positions derived from the task which causes musculoskeletal discomfort and not the activity itself. Reengineering posts, ergonomic education intervention, and automation of high-risk areas is proposed.
Influence of Macroergonomic Factors on Production Systems Organizing
Authors: Automotive Industry in
Published: February 2022

The paper discusses the need to recognize factors determining the ergonomic conformity of production systems. The focus has been found to be vital for the design of such systems. To help adopt the approach, the authors have identified factors which affect the ergonomic conformity of production systems in the automotive industry and subsequently had them verified by experts. Furthermore, they employed the network thinking methodology to analyze the time and severity of impact of the individual factors. The studies carried out by the authors have made it possible to develop a model for the management of ergonomic factors. The authors additionally proposed conclusions on ergonomically-driven measures intended to eliminate barriers in designing production systems and on opportunities for enhancing the ergonomic conformity of working environment in manufacturing plants.
Need of Safety Integration in Robust Design
Authors: Mrugalska Beata
Published: February 2022

Nowadays systems include more and more components and their variables. The effects of their changes tend to accumulate and may lead to unacceptable risks. Thus, the objective is to reduce the sensitivity of the design to uncertain or randomly varying factors. In order to achieve it robust design methods can be applied. They have already found many industrial implications mainly because of their simplicity and practicality. In this paper an attempt was made to show how to place safety issues in such design. For this aim a theoretical model was elaborated and its practical implication was shown.
Ergonomic Principles and Regulatory Standards Related to Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Used in the Textile Industry
Authors: Pozza Fernanda , B.Dickie Isadora , Pfeiffer e Gabriela Fink Karla
Published: February 2022

The article describes a survey that aimed to point ergonomic principles and regulatory standards related to personal protective equipment (PPE) used by workers in textile industries in Joinville, SC, Brazil. The research took place in the form of semi-open questionnaire, along with seventy-three workers from the productive sector of two textile companies in Joinville, including men and women of various ages. One of the companies was of medium size, with a focus on textile processing. The second was a large one, focused on manufacturing knitwear and clothing. Through research it was possible to identify types of safety equipment used in this industry segment and, thus, it emerged that are not used particular PPE but the same as used in other areas of work involving risks to physical and psychological integrity of the employee. From the relationship between the ergonomic principles and regulatory standards it could be suggested aspects that deserve attention in the design and analysis of PPE. As well, some questions emerged that may originate other studies in this area.
New Concepts for Brand Design in an Inclusive Society
Authors: Camplone Stefania , Di Bucchianico Giuseppe , Picciani Stefano
Published: February 2022

It is clear that the brand has become a construct more complex than a promise, an image or a sign of recognition. It has its own architecture which includes several critical elements and requires strategy and constant attention. Also the role of stakeholders, both internal and external to the brand, has changed in the creation, development and management of the brand itself. It is increasingly moving from a passive rapport to a real and vital relationship. In fact, engagement, collaboration, participation and co-creation, are the newest concepts that are increasingly defining the brand design in all its phases. In addition, the relationship between the introduction of these new concepts and some of the changes that are shaping contemporary society is very close. Indeed, since the contemporary society is primarily expressed through the diversity between individuals - both in terms of physical and psychological abilities and on the social and cultural level - it requires increasing attention and particular practices that ensure participation and social inclusion. The paper offers a consideration on the people’s participation in brand design. In particular, it recognizes and identifies two possible positions: 1) participation as a fundamental tool in the process of brand design, to create a transparent and shared brand; 2) participation as the ultimate goal of brand design project, in order to create place brands able to generate inclusion. Doing so, this paper seeks to outline for the two positions the contribution of the Design for All, which is the "design of human diversity, social inclusion and equality” describing the results of a research developed by “Inclusivo”, Spin Off of d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, as a concrete case to highlight the innovative aspects of Design for All in the activities of brand design.
The Effect of Music Harmonics and Level of Expertise on Aesthetic Judgment of Music: An ERP Study
Authors: Jaśkiewicz Marta , Francuz Piotr , Zabielska-Mendyk Emilia
Published: February 2022

The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of harmonic violation on aesthetic judgment of music in music experts and naives. Two groups took part in experiment: music experts (14 subjects, 8 female) and naives (13 subjects, 7 female). Music experts were graduates and undergraduates of music school, played musical instruments or educated in the field of singing from an average of 9.79 years. The group of naive did not have any special musical education besides normal school education. Participants were asked to listen the stimuli and judge whether each of them sounds beautiful (when the beauty judgment task was required) or correct (when the correctness judgment task was required). We used excerpts of five Bach’s chorales as a stimuli. Each of the excerpt was modified in order to obtain three versions of one excerpt differing only in one chord. This chord (‘target’) sounded: congruous, ambiguous or incongruous to harmonic context of the piece. Several differences in event-related potential (ERP) parameters were observed in aesthetic processing of music. The findings of our study showed that an affective aspect of music processing is reflected by LPP – Late Positive Potential. This effect differ in respect of degree of harmonic violation indicating that the incongruous chords enhanced the higher amplitudes. What is more, there was significant difference between two judgments (aesthetic or correctness) showing that the LPP is sensitive on task manipulation. Higher amplitudes for beauty judgment task than for correctness judgment task indicted that aesthetic evaluation is perceived as an affective task. However, our study did not confirm the influence of music expertise on affective aspect of music aesthetic processing. All our results are discussed in the context of previous studies.
E-learning Methods in the Knowledge Transfer Between Surgical Tools Manufacturers and Hospital. A Case Study from Laparoscopy
Authors: Bartnicka Joanna
Published: February 2022

Laparoscopy is one of the rapidly developing domains in surgery. Together with this development it can be observed the systematic growth of tools and equipment complexity as well as changes in surgical procedures and the modes of using surgical instruments. Particularly the development and complexity of surgical tools is related to their shape, fields of using them, tendency to integration functions of several tools and creating multifunctional tools. Such direction of surgical tools development is positive, especially for patients, because of better efficiency and effectiveness of surgery or lower risk of infections, but it could cause certain problems for medical staff both for surgeons and scrub nurses. These problems concern (1) ergonomic failures what `can be lead to fatigue or even musculoskeletal disorders of surgeons and (2) knowledge advantage for medical staff who have to absorb difficult and multidisciplinary knowledge of how to use the surgical laparoscopic instruments in proper and efficiently way.The reason of mentioned problems are on the one hand the gaps in ergonomic knowledge among designers and manufacturers, on the other hand the poor knowledge transfer between manufacturers and end-users in hospitals.Taking into account these problematic aspect of designing and using laparoscopic tools, the solutions based on e-learning methods for better communication and knowledge transfer between manufacturers and hospitals are proposed and described on the example of case study. Particularly e-learning methods enable understanding the ergonomic needs and the expectations of end-users as well as are the opportunity to include surgeons in tools designing process.
How Cognitive Complexity and Need for Closure Determines Individual Differences in Implicit Leadership Theories
Authors: Bajcar a Jolanta Babiak Beata , S. Nosal Czeslaw
Published: February 2022

According to Implicit Leadership Theories (ILTs), the stimulus term “leader” is used as a superordinate cognitive category to classify others as leaders or non-leaders (Lord, Foti, & DeVader, 1984). At the basic level, perceivers classify others more specifically depending on the social setting in which leaders operate as organizational leaders, military leaders, political leaders, etc. At the basic level cognitive attributions of leaders’ traits and behaviours are made by comparing specific stimulus e.g. sports leader with an ideal example (prototype) of that category. At the lowest level leaders’ categorizations are made by recalling into memory the actual individuals, which perceiver regards as the representative of the category. The described research on Offermann, Kennedy and Wirtz’ ILTs structure was based Results of our research demonstrated that people describe political and organizational leaders differently. Additionally, men have different ILTs than women. The individual differences in implicit leadership theories is a function of cognitive processes of the perceivers. Empirical results showed, the categorization of political and organizational leaders are determined by other pattern of perceivers’ cognitive characteristics as cognitive simplicity vs complexity, need for closure and Kirton cognitive style. Analyses of multiple relationships were conducted by employing multivariate procedures of structural equation modelling.
Using Santos DHM to Design the Working Environment for Sonographers in Order to Minimize the Risks of Musculoskeletal Disorders and to Satisfy the Clinical Recommendations
Authors: Mazzolaa M. , Forzonib L. , D’Onofriob S. , Standolia C.E. , Andreonia G.
Published: February 2022

The percentage of sonographers reporting consequences of pain and discomfort is close to 80% and the Society of Diagnostic Medical Sonography demonstrates that sonographers, on average, experience pain or Musculoskeletal disorders within 5 years of entering the profession. Digital Human Models (DHM) can be an essential tools, supporting the definition of a correct medical environment to perform Sonography in response to the regulatory aspects that standardize the Health Care design and in setting up the ergonomics requirements. The methodology proposed to perform an optimal setting of the workspace considers the different aspects of a diagnostic Ultrasound (US) examination room in a clinical setting: sonographer's seating and examination bed, US system and probe. Vascular and Abdominal applications were considered. The aim of this study is to present an example of how an Advanced DHM can support the design of the working environment for sonographers in order to minimize the risks of muscle-skeletal disorders and to satisfy the clinical recommendations. Results were compared with data presented in previous studies about ergonomics in professional sonography and they demonstrate to be coherent with the plan for an ideal set-up.
Assessing the Precision of Anthropometric Measurements: A Six Sigma Approach
Authors: Hale Dermot , F. Fallon Enda
Published: February 2022

Anthropometrics is the measurement of dimensions of the human body defined between fixed anatomical landmarks (). The human body however does not generally lend itself to simple measurement as the limits or position of anatomical landmarks can often be open to interpretation. Given that effective anthropometric practices are dependent on the validity of the anthropometric data, it is critical that anthropometrists have confidence in the data they use. This paper discusses existing practices in determining anthropometric measurement error and introduces the Six Sigma technique, Gauge Repeatability & Reproducibility, to the discipline of anthropometry.
Digital Human Model Applied to Training and Education in Sports
Authors: Guimarães Carla , Cristina Zamberlan Maria , Balbio Vitor , Santos Venetia , Paranhos Alessandra , Pastura Flavia , Cid Gloria
Published: February 2022

The purpose of the study is to present a 3D digital interactive environment that is being developed in a game engine software to work with 3D DHM applied to training and education on Sports. This platform is being developed considering the need to analyze data from the same athletes' movements being repeated in different time or even to compare athletes' movements with different skill levels. The main 3D digital platform advantage is its flexibility to handle motion capture data from different MOCAP systems in order to facilitate kinematic analysis by users of low cost motion capture systems. Another important advantage is its portability that allows it to be used in different hardware platforms, as tablets and cell phones. The 3D platform development followed some specific steps, which make it possible not only to visualize the performed motion but also make the interaction between the user and the 3D character. The first step consists on the automatic reconstruction of the 3D character body segments based on motion capture data. The visual representation has as benefit that reduces noise that may be generated in the process of retargeting the motion capture data to a specific rig and character that differs from the actual bone structure original data. The visual representation is generated based on laser scanning data. This makes the representation to be a precise copy of the original bone position and structure of the athlete' specific movement that is being captured. The second step is to link each bone segment by generating a 3D model with a collision area that is necessary for future interaction with the user. After those steps, the user can select to track and generate data of a specific body segment; to play/pause the athlete movement and to draw graphs of segmental angles, joint angles and angular velocity. This functionality is still under development and test. The first application of the 3D digital platform was the movement analysis of high and low skill level Jiu-Jitsu athletes. This analysis allowed an improvement on the athletes’ performance and skills. In the future the integration between the 3D scanned athlete’s model and a virtual environment will allow to develop a virtual simulator that can be applied to education, training and entertainment.
Methods of Staffing Process in Agile Enterprises
Authors: Branowska Agata
Published: February 2022

Management theorists and practitioners search for new methods which enable to establish competitive advantage for international and domestic enterprises by reacting rapidly and flexibly to changes occurring in the business environment of the company; by being agile. Agility is an ability to continuously monitor changes in customer needs and creating and delivering products and services that satisfy those needs better and faster than the competition does (Takla et al., 1999). One of the necessary conditions of enterprise agility is the implementation of new human resource management methods. The article is about one of a key phases of HRM - staffing process. The aim of the paper is to present newest perspective in employees selection in agile organization, which bases on multilevel fit and includes factors, that haven’t been taken into consideration so far. In the article selected results of empirical, statistical research on factors influencing agility will be presented. The research was conducted among R&D teams members in one of the Polish, manufacturing enterprises. Respondents shared opinions on hierarchization of factors which HR workers need to take into consideration during staffing process.
Strategic Focus on Agility
Authors: Trzcieliński Stefan
Published: February 2022

There are two current paradigms of organizational strategies of enterprises - lean enterprises and agile enterprises. The lean enterprise is such one that eliminates or reduces the wastes. Wastes (muda) can be categorized according to how easy or difficult they can be reduced. They are connected with the efficiency and productivity of use of the resources that the enterprise possesses. We can presume and this is confirmed in practice, that more resources are possessed by the enterprise bigger risk that they will not be utilized efficiently. This leads to conclusion that for big enterprises lean is very important strategy. The second strategy is agile enterprise. Agility is meant as the ability to use the opportunities. It is necessary to notice that opportunities appeared in changeable environment. Usually the environment is divided into such segments like: political and legal, economic, social and demographic, technological, customers, suppliers, new entrants and the competitors. The combination of events and situations that exists in the environment creates opportunities that are the situations which are favorable to the enterprise. As the current business environment is strongly changeable, unpredictable and turbulent, thus a huge number of events take place. That, if they are recognized as favorable, depends on the objectives and resources of the enterprise. These situations which are positively correlated with the objectives and create the demand for the resources are favorable i.e. are recognized as opportunities. There is a question what features and abilities must characterize the enterprise to be agile? There are four features constituting the agile enterprise: brightness, flexibility, intelligence and shrewdness. Brightness is the ability of the enterprise to perceive the opportunities, flexibility refers to the repertoire of products that can be manufactured with use of the disposal resources, intelligence is the ability to learn and adapt to the changing environment and shrewdness is the ability to achieve the goals in practical mode. Each of the features is based on the enterprise knowledge which is considered to be the most important resource. Knowledge is that what results in creativity and innovations and allows the enterprise to achieve the competitive advantage. More changeable is the environment more important is the knowledge. From that view point it is interesting if the enterprises became knowledge based firms and move towards agility. To get an answer for this question the research have been undertaken if the enterprises including SMEs form their opportunities oriented strategies and shape their brightness, flexibility, intelligence and shrewdness. In this paper the results of the research are presented. The research was done on a sample of 150 enterprises including 45 big, 60 medium and 45 small firms.
The Changes of Human Capital Structure in Condition of Adaptation the Enterprises’ Management Systems to the Knowledge-Based Economy Requirements
Authors: Włodarkiewicz-Klimek Hanna
Published: February 2022

The purpose of the article is to present the research findings in the area of adapting the human capital of Polish enterprises in the context of changes tendencies of the status and structure of the human capital in the Polish social and economic reality. The Polish access to the European Union initiated activities leading to adjust our country to the directions of changes and of development of European countries in accordance to principles of the knowledge-based economy. The knowledge domination as a fundamental resource creating the social and economic reality determines the internal changes of organization basic resources in relation to the changes of the key areas of its environment. The article presents results of the study concerning the human capital in Polish enterprises, in which it has been examined from the point of view of changes of its statute and structure in the context of its turbulent environment. The research on the human capital presented in the paper is a fragment of a broaden research on the adaptation of enterprises’ management systems to the knowledge-based economy requirements, which were carried out at the Faculty of Engineering Management of the Poznan University of Technology in 2010.
Database for Capability-Appropriate Workplace Design in Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Müglich Dorothee , Sinn-Behrendt Andrea , Schaub Karlheinz , Bruder Ralph
Published: February 2022

Due to demographic change, less younger workers are available and the amount of workers in general will decrease. In addition the average age of the working population will increase in western countries in the near future. With higher age absenteeism, especially due to musculoskeletal disorders, rises. Also the range of performance between individuals grows wider. But this is not true for all capabilities and not only for elderly workers. Therefore, a capability-appropriate workplace design is necessary to meet physical workplace demands in manufacturing industry and in order to preserve the workability of the workforce.A large variety of capabilities is challenging in the context of workplace design in manufacturing industry. This high number of capabilities with a wide range of individual performance can be best captured and represented in a database. Therefore a suitable database will be developed, where relevant physical manufacturing capabilities are collected and processed for workplace designers. These work-related capabilities represent individual performance in different sections e.g. static working postures, manual materials handling and action forces. Based on this information, design solutions for a prospective capability-appropriate workplace design can be derived relative to the age structure of the manufacturing plant.
Evaluation of Different Feedback Conditions on Worker’s Performance in an Augmented Reality-based Support System for Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic Manufacturing
Authors: Brauner Philipp , Bremen Luisa , Atorf Malte Rast Martina Ziefle Linus , Rossmann Jürgen
Published: February 2022

Carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) are materials with excellent mechanical properties. However, slight variations in the manufacturing process lead to substantially decreasing mechanical stability and additional production costs for assuring the product’s quality. For large lot sizes a high process quality can be achieved through automation. However, for small lot sizes manual processes are required, which introduce variances in process quality. To support workers in the manual production however, there is little support to guide them and to reduce the variance in product quality. Augmented Reality (AR) applications are successfully used to offer guidance in other manufacturing processes. Yet, no empirical studies of the applicability of AR to support CFRP processing have been carried out. Therefore we present an AR based prototypic worker support system for CFRP manufacturing. Empirically, the impact of different feedback modalities (none, auditory, visual, auditory+visual) as well as individual factors on effectivity, efficiency and user satisfaction was investigated. Key findings show that combined feedback worked best for accuracy, however no feedback was fastest. Regarding user preferences, auditory followed by auditory+visual feedback was rated best. Taking user preferences and performance into account will provide useful guidelines for the development of a support system.
Ergotyping®-Tools providing Computer-Based Support for Ergonomic Evaluation Processes of Human-Machine-Interfaces
Authors: Scherstjanoi Edgar , Kamusella Christiane , Gröllich Daniel , Bürkle Kai
Published: February 2022

Ergonomic analysis and assessments help to reveal potential risks for either planned or established working conditions to determine the necessity for further measures. In order to effectively identify the parameters with the biggest impact(s) on improvements in designing or redesigning working environments, it is necessary to extract adequate indicators with major influences on working conditions (Bürkle et al. 2013). This can be done effectively by using computer-based ergonomic tools. Different effects on work related strain become apparent by changing parameters within certain indicators. Alternative workplace designs aiming at changing these parameters can be developed and tested with focus on complying with set requirements. As this procedure is often carried out iteratively, it is obvious that Ergotyping® can help facilitating this process extensively.
Design and Technical Construction of Virtual-Reality-Supported Learning Elements for Manual Assembly
Authors: Goldhahn Leif , Thümer Christian
Published: February 2022

This paper presents a primarily methodical and technical orientated insight into the designing and building of learning scenarios in Virtual Reality (VR). An important focus of the paper forms the overview of the technical procedure in terms of the design of learning scenarios using the VR software solution Visual Decision Platform (VDP) available at the Mittweida University of Applied Sciences. By means of the modular configuration of this software, the clear allocation of functions for the individual areas of application and cases is possible. Case-specific usable elements of one such VR based learning scenario related to the available software solution are presented as well as its design procedure. Thus generates a largely standardised procedure which can be adapted to the relevant application case by means of the targeted call-up or exclusion of individual scene elements within the overall scene. Apart from that, several variants for the animation of objects in the VDP will be examined. In the course of this, selected software functions and procedures will be detailed and described in depth and also elucidated by means of suitable examples.
Did the Finnish Ergonomic Patient Handling Passport® evoke changes in vocational education and work places?
Authors: Tamminen-Peter Leena , Fagerström Virpi
Published: February 2022

The Finnish Ergonomic Patient Handling Passport® (EPHP®) was developed in consensus with Finnish experts, and has been standardized and registered in Finland since 2009. The EPHP® scheme defines the competencies, skill, and knowledge levels needed to perform patient transfers safely; ensures compliance with legislative requirements; and enhances patient safety and the quality of care. In Finland to date, over 2 800 people have passed the EPHP® exam and 275 have undergone the instructor training, of whom one third are teachers from different levels of vocational education. The result of a small questionnaire to 80 instructors reveals that about half of the schools have an instructor training the EPHP® scheme in some form or other. In the practical nurses’ education, EPHP® training is most commonly optional (n =12) or supplementary (n=14), and in three collages compulsory. For the registered nurses and physiotherapists, EPHP® training is available in two organizations as compulsory, in two as optional, and in four as supplementary. In the workplaces, the progress has been faster and the benefits of EPHP® training in both the quality of care and well-being of staff are evident. The EPHP® training appears to achieve the aims set forth by work places.
Medical Device for Patient Immobilization and Repositioning During Proton Therapy Treatment
Authors: Rizzi Luca , Spina Ubaldo , Dinardo Vincenzo Dimiccoli Cinzia
Published: February 2022

Proton therapy is a type of particle therapy which uses a beam of protons to irradiate diseased tissue, protons accelerated by a cyclotron (or synchrotron) are concentrated on the neoplastic tissue with highest precision.Results of proton therapy are actually considered better than those from conventional radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery, concerning the elimination of the neoplasm and thanks to lower incidence of possible side effects. To get the best benefit from this treatment, it is very important to irradiate, the same point, with the same intensity during each treatment session. This objective could be quite complex to be achieved and for that reason the design of such device was carried out through a complex anthropometric and usability analysis.ITEL Telecomunicazioni develop a new Bed Positioning System for proton therapy thanks to which it is possible to obtain, in addition to the immobilization, a perfect repeatability of the position assumed by the patient during treatment. Particular attention has been paid to patient positioning procedures, developed to be as quick as possible by the use of a restraint devices connected directly to the table. Ergonomic study and platform design, developed with CETMA collaboration, allows its use by a wide range of different users.
Development of an e-Healthcare System for University Students
Authors: Imai* Yoshiro , Miyazaki** Eiichi , Kamano*** Hiroshi
Published: February 2022

An e-Healthcare system with IC card authentication, automatic health screening subsystem and Web-based health information monitoring, has been designed and implemented for university health education. It is a prototype of private Cloud service of e-Healthcare for university students which can obtain their health records from physical measuring devices with their IC card-based authentication, manage their health data in suitable database, investigate such data from viewpoint of doctors/nurses and provide such information for self-healthcare controlling through Web-DB service. This paper presents an organization of the above e-Healthcare system, demonstrates its real usages in university health education and describes its brief evaluation and expanding plan through practical applications.
Study on Burnout Syndrome within the Portuguese Firefighters Population
Authors: Gaspar Paulo , Corticeiro Neves Miguel
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study is to contribute to a better knowledge of the Burnout Syndrome within the Portuguese firefighter population. It will also refer to the relation between Burnout and work satisfaction. Despite the overall intention of the work is to study the entire Portuguese firefighter population, in this stage, only a sample of 39 elements from the operational corps within Alcabideche Firefighter Volunteers was studied.The investigation follows the model of analytical epidemiological studies used to exam associations formed by hypothesis of casual relation. The main intention is to identify, or measure de risk factors and its effects on the health of the operational firefighter referred. It was used a cross-sectional analytic study, as it analyses, on a particular moment one specific population, trying to establish correlations and interferences between selected variables chosen regarding its importance on the firefighters health. It was used a specific questionnaire adapted from the MBI method.The analyses results appointed for no significant statistic correlation between Gender, Age, and Working hours and the three dimensions of Burnout: exhaustion, cynicism and professional efficiency. This may be explained by the possible existence of protection factors: social support, proper working conditions and good relationships among colleges.
Human Factors and Ergonomics in Mobile Computing for Emergency Medical Services
Authors: Mentler Tilo , Herczeg Michael
Published: February 2022

Emergency Medical Services (EMS) are an essential part of pre-hospital medical care. While paper-based tools and organizational workflows are still the status quo in this field of application, they are increasingly replaced or complemented by telemedical solutions and mobile computer-based documentation and information systems. Enhanced data quantity and quality as well as a more pervasive flow of information are benefits associated with these developments. Less frequently it has been emphasized that from an emergency physician’s or paramedic’s point of view, introducing mobile computing changes the tasks that have to performed and mastered. Considering both the system and the personal view is important for developing usable approaches to pre-hospital medical care. Time delays, faulty records or additional workload caused by usability deficiencies and poor human computer-interface design would not be acceptable neither for EMS employees nor patients. Furthermore, they would compromise the overall goals of different stakeholders, e.g. health authorities, insurances, hospitals and public safety organizations. Based on the experiences and findings during a two-year project with several EMS, we consider human factors and ergonomics in mobile computing for EMS from societal and cultural needs and expectations over group and individual behavior to ergonomics of physical devices.
Towards Humor Modelling and Facilitation in Smart Environments
Authors: Nijholt Anton
Published: February 2022

We know about word play, verbal jokes, and about humor that appears spontaneously in conversations. This humor is studied in computational linguistics, together with issues such as verbal incongruities, ambiguities, irony and sarcasm. These appearances of humor are also part of computational humor studies, where a broader view is taken, that is, a view that includes artificial intelligence, reasoning, common-sense and context representations, and machine learning. But there are other kinds of humor. We can laugh about events that appear in our physical world. We can play an active role in having these events happening. Obviously, they can be accompanied with verbal comments and interaction. Nowadays physical worlds are equipped with multimodal sensors and multimedia actuators. Environments do not only have human inhabitants, but also tangibles, wearables, social robots and 2D and 3D display possibilities that can help to create changes in the world that is perceived by its human inhabitants. The possibility of humor creation can be transferred from the purely linguistics worlds of text and verbal exchanges to virtual, mixed, augmented and physical reality intelligent environments equipped with sensors and actuators that can help to create and control humorous events. In this paper we introduce this research area and we survey what is available in humor research literature that may help to establish this research area. Applications of this research include avatar behavior in videogames, robot and product behavior in entertainment, social, and game environments, and in smart physical environments that allow for playful and humorous events.