bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tirios y Troyanos: sindicatos y partidos durante el gobierno de Lula y Kirchner
Authors: Lucca Juan Bautista
Published: October 2020

La llegada al gobierno a inicios del siglo XXI de partidos de base sindical, como el Partido de los Trabajadores (PT) en Brasil y el Partido Justicialista/Frente Para la Victoria (PJ/FPV) en Argentina, trajo aparejada la reincorporación de los trabajadores y los sindicatos a la arena política por un lado y, por el otro, la amalgama de un entramado discursivo de anteposición al pasadoreciente, sus actores y valores. Bajo estas condiciones se produjo un proceso de (re)construcción identitaria de ambas fuerzas políticas con el mundo del trabajo y sus actores organizados(especialmente la CUT en Brasil y la CGT en Argentina). En este sentido, tomando en cuenta los discursos de Lula y Kirchner, así como también documentos y entrevistas a los principales líderes de ambos partidos y organizaciones sindicales afines, se observará en qué medida se produce durante el mandato de gobierno de ambos presidentes una convergencia de cosmovisiones respecto a la definición de quiénes están fronteras adentro (“nosotros”) y fronteras afuera (“otros”) de este nuevo vínculo entre el mundo partidario y sindical.
Leguminous species effect in agroforestry systems in the Portuguesa state. Venezuela
Authors: ORTEGA-RAMIREZ Marynor Elena , CASTRO-OSORIO Adrian , GONZALEZ-CORTÉS Nicolás , PRADOS-CORONADO Jesús
Published: October 2020

Six leguminous species Frijol bayo (Vigna unguiculata), Frijol white Var. Orituco, Quinchoncho dwarf (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp., cv. Aroita), Kudzú tropical (Pueraria phaseoloides), Crotalaria (Crotalaria juncea), Sesbania (Sesbania grandiflora) were established in an agroforest systems to assess his effect on the chemical property of a Alfisol soil at municipality Ospino Portuguese state, at the farm La Yaguara planted with E. urograndis. In a design in random blocks with 7 processings and 4 repetitions, employing STATIXTIS 9.0 to carry out the ANDEVA and for variables where differences are presented the test was employed of Tukey (5%); obtaining as results that in the soil of the farm The Yaguara alone significant differences were found (P<0,05) for the variables relation C/N, CO, Zn, highly significant and differences (P<0,01)for N; being the Sesbania and quinchoncho the best treatment in relation C/N; for CO the frijol blanco and the treatment control; for Zn the quinchoncho and treatment control, frijol blanco and kudzú tropical; in the N quinchoncho and Sesbania. To confirm the generated profit to the agroforestry system analysis were completed foliate to the eucalyptus, finding highly significant differences for P with Frijol blanco and Kudzú and significant for Zn where is quinchoncho and treatment control.
Towards an interpretative model of Mexcaltitan in the insular universe. First approximation
Authors: SIFUENTES-SOLÍS Marco , GONZÁLEZ-LEFFT Gabriela
Published: October 2020

The generation of knowledge on the specific topic of the island of Mexcaltitan de Uribe, Nayarit (Mexico) and its strange and no less mysterious urban trace, can be approached from at least two major fields of vision: 1) from the objective / subjective, individual / collective residents (egocentric communities); 2) from the objective / subjective, individual / collective view of nonresident aliens (exocentric communities). As researchers, in this article we adopted the second point of view, with the aim of constructing (as an input) a first approximation to the study of the urban trace of that singular place. For this, we resorted to two theoretical models and their application to the analysis of the space referred to: symbolic hermeneutics and the anthropological structures of the imaginary. The main contribution of the text lies precisely in the approach of the problem from the previous theoretical and methodological background, unusual in the academic field of architects and urban planners.
Collaborative work and reflective practice to improve teacher’s performance
Authors: PEÑA-GALEANA Ricardo , PEÑA-GALEANA Norma Ivone , LÓPEZ-SILVA Saúl
Published: October 2020

In search of improving the teaching-learning process in higher education, a Teacher's Performance Assessment Model was designed by answering six questions (What for? Who? When? How? Expected problems? Expected outcome?). This model emphasizes collaborative work and reflective practice among teachers, students and managers, and applies performance indexes that are generated using information provided by the management staff and students’ opinion collected by a web system built for it. Finally, management staff and teachers use these indexes to design general and individual strategies to improve teachers’ performance. The proposed Assessment Model is described here, including the assessment process, its advantages and problems, and results obtained during its application in a University in Sothern Mexico.
Modelo del transformador monofásico en el dominio de la frecuencia
Authors: ESCAMILLA-SÁNCHEZ Juan Carlos , MORALES-AGUILAR Eric , CANDIA-GARCÍA Filiberto , MAR José Luis , MARTINEZ Daniel F.
Published: October 2020

This article presents a model in the frequency domain for the analysis of the transient induced overvoltage transfer to the secondary of a single-phase transformer, as well as the distribution of the transient voltage along both windings. The transformer is modeled as an element of distributed parameters from the telegraphist's equations in the frequency domain. The Laplace Numerical Transform (TNL) is used to obtain the solution in the time domain.
Propuesta de servicio de supervisión remoto en cultivos del sector vinícola
Authors: JARA-RUIZ Ricardo , MONTES-GARCÍA Ignacio Alejandro , FELICIANO-VELÁZQUEZ Néstor David , QUEZADA-MUÑOZ Marcos Emmanuel
Published: October 2020

This research paper presents and structures a proposal for agro-industrial application using Unmanned Air Vehicles (UANs) or Drones in the wine sector, which proposes the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in synergy with advances in artificial intelligence. For development, the design and structuring of a remote service is considered that allows the user or owner to generate a request for wine monitoring through a communication network through a mobile application considering the use of a drone equipped with a vision system that allows to identify patterns and consequently detect characteristics in specific that have a high potential to pose an obvious risk; this with an approach that provides the user or producer with the information necessary for making effective decisions in the process of assisting the problems. All with the aim of developing tools that contribute and work for new contributions that generate a technological impact in the context of the sector considered important in the national economy.
Propuesta de diseño de batería reutilizada
Authors: GARCIA-DUARTE Oscar Enrique , PÉREZ-PÉREZ Arnulfo , TORRES-RICO Luis Armando
Published: October 2020

In this work, a reused automotive battery based on a study of existing technologies is proposed. The applied technologies were classified by the materials used in the construction of the electrochemical cells, the important characteristics were identified, among which are: the storage capacity, the nominal voltage of their cells, among others. Lead batteries for cost will continue to occupy a considerable market share for conventional automotive electrical systems, but due to their performance these batteries are not used in powertrains. Nickel metal hydride batteries withstand greater work stress, have a higher energy density and are used in the propulsion systems of hybrid vehicles. Due to the demand for energy and power that electric vehicles require, lithium ion technology is used.
Ceramic densification effect on corrosion resistance and thermal conductivity
Authors: ACOSTA-PEREZ Emmanuel , SALAZAR-HERNÁNDEZ Mercedes , MENDOZA-MIRANDA Juan Manuel , SALAZAR-HERNÁNDEZ Carmen
Published: October 2020

Thermal barrier Coatings (TBC) are a system of layers covering a surface with the aim to increase its insulation as well as protect the core of oxidation. In this paper the use of silica ceramics modified by polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a new TBC for steel surface is proposed. The ceramics were obtained according to sol-gel methodology forming a stable sol mixing tetraethoxyetilsilicate (TEOS) at different percentage of PDMS (10, 20, 40 and 100%); the gelling was done using DBTL (dibutildilaurate tin) as a polycondensation catalyst. Therefore, the sol was applied on AISI-1018 steel surface by inmersion and a densification process is applied. The ceramic was characterized by infrared spectroscopy to observe its silica structure changes produced by the thermal treatment. Finally, the analysis the densification effect on properties on thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance was carried on.
Manufacture 4.0 with LabVIEW and Arduino Mega for distributed cooling control of the DeMag 250 Ton machine injection mold
Authors: MORENO José Miguel , MORALES Victor Alfonso , RUIZ Cesar Alejandro , PÉREZ Guillermo Rubén
Published: October 2020

Nowdays the injection plastics processes at insdustrial level have had a great development in the bajio region with the arrival of new enterprise suppliers of the automotive industry that work particuary de injection molding. The plastics injection molding is a semicontinuous process that consists of inject a polymer in the molten state into a mold closed under pressure, throught a small hole called gate, in the mole the material is solidifies, the piece or final part is obtained when the mold is opened and remove the piece molding from the cavity [1]. To monitor and control the temperature changes in the plastics injection cicles permite reduce errors and costs in the process. In this project we propose to apply manufacture 4.0 using the Arduino Mega microcontroller and LabVIEW to monitor part of the process of the injection molding of the DeMag 250 Ton Machine, specifically the coolding system adapting to control the injection molde temperature. The preliminare results show that is apropiate to use the LabVIEW an Arduino Mega combination to generation of innovation project applied to the plastic industry.
Use of office package of free software in high school of Santa Rosalía, BCS
Authors: MEZA-ARELLANO Antonio , HERNÁNDEZ-VALENZUELA Juan Carlos , VILLAVICENCIO-LÓPEZ José Ignacio
Published: October 2020

The present article shows the results of the study carried to the junior high schools of Santa Rosalía Baja California Sur, to identify the level of knowledge that the students and teachers have about the free office software package, where the result obtained was a high percentage of ignorance. It should be noted the great availability and acceptance shown by students and teachers towards this software package based on free software. To carry out this study, it was used the exploratory and descriptive methods, where the study sample was a total of 135 students and 44 teachers who replied the surveys and interviews, which were conducted in two stages: the first one, was carried out to know the level of knowledge the school community has about of office programs of free software; the second one, was done to know the level of acceptance of it.
Sustainable or Sustainability?
Authors: HIGUERA-ZIMBRÓN Alejandro , RIVERA-GUTIÉRREZ Erika
Published: October 2020

The goal of this study discusses the frequency of use the term sustainable or sustainability translated in Spanish as sustentable or sostenible. Also, it is necessary to say that the problem is just regarding to the writing of this expression, but not the semantic meaning. It is important to clarify that, during this time has been a huge controversy, especially when this concept is writing in the spanish langue. In fact, there is a duality when authors write down in spanish sostenible or sustentable, because dictionaries argue that the word sustentable does not exist. So, in order to accomplish this goal, the first part is explained the origins of this word, then has been made a literature review based on the cooper taxonomy (1998). Also, the systematic review (Cochran Manual) analyzed the documents from many digital sources particularly those from government, institutions and plans or projects to comprehend the most practical use of these words. Finally, the results shown that there is no perfect use; the term is applied according to the context, but the semantic meaning represent the description of the study object.
Komunikasi Terapeutik Dalam Asuhan Keperawatan Di Ruangan Rawat Inap Kelas III RSUD Prof. Dr. W.Z. Johannes Kupang
Authors: Nara Maria Yulita
Published: October 2020

Research with the title "Therapeutic Communication in Nursing Care in Class III Inpatient at the Prof. DR. W.Z. Johannes Kupang Hospital "is based on the importance of the therapeutic communication of nurses and patients at Prof. DR. W.Z. Johannes Kupang Hospital. This study focuses on how therapeutic communication in nursing care in class III inpatient at the Prof. DR. W.Z. Johannes Kupang hospital with the aim to analyze therapeutic communication in nursing care in inpatient room class III of Prof. DR. W.Z. Johannes Kupang hospital. Case study method is used in this research. The results of this study indicate that in the nursing care process that takes place in inpatient rooms of class III at Prof. DR. W.Z. Johannes Kupang hospital, the four stages of therapeutic communication can be found in the three parts of the therapeutic communication process, namely when the patient enters, when giving nursing care, and when the patient is discharged. The pre-interaction stage and the introductory stage appear in the communication process when the patient enters. The work phase which is the core of the therapeutic communication process appears in the communication process at the time of nursing care. The last stage is the termination stage which is divided into temporary termination stages, which is seen in the communication process of nurses and patients each time the nurse finishes providing routine nursing care every day. The final termination stage that appears in the nurse's communication with the patient is when the patient is declared allowed to go home or when the patient dies. Participants involved in the therapeutic communication process are not only nurses and patients but is also supported by doctors and patients' families. In the end these stages are interrelated with one another and create a fairly good communication process in nursing care in class III inpatients at the Prof.. DR. W.Z. Johannes Kupang hospital.
Secularism, Gender and the State in the Middle East
Authors: Alameh Lara Shahriyar
Published: October 2020

Increasingly, since the Sadat era in Egypt and especially resulting from hiseconomic policies (infitah), there has been a significant rise of Egyptianwomen who are putting on the "Islamic dress." Whereas women in theearly twentieth century were dramatically tearing off their veils andthrowing them into the Nile in order to desegregate society. Today,Egyptian women are very noticeably doing the opposite as a formof protest, while utilizing the same reasoning as before. The influx ofliterature about this so-called "Islamism" has been discussed in nearlyevery realm of the social sciences.In contrast to this phenomenon, Najde al-Ali's study on women'sactivity in Egypt is about a particular heterogeneous class of secularwomen, that she feels has been marginalized on the state level by the overarchingconcessions given to hegemonic "Islamist" policies. In effect, Alistates, "I had noticed the tendency to overlook secular constituencies inmuch of the recent scholarship dealing with Egypt, where the emphasis wason Islamist tendencies and activism."Secularism, Gender and the State in the Middle East: The EgyptianWomen's Movement, is a highly informative introductory and analyticalstudy of secular women's activities through the voice of a plethoraof Egyptian women's organizations. In the introduction Ali categorizeswomen's activism as being independent, associational and directed.Whereas independent organizations have a power base from within and aimto implement individual goals, associational and directed organizationscarry a more direct message outside the sphere of general women's issues.In the first chapter, Ali engages in a discussion about the relationship ofOrientalism and Occidentalism in post-colonial literature. The reader isintroduced to the idea that these conceptual frameworks have indeedlimited the indigenous authenticity of women's activism in Egypt byplacing them in one of two extremes, whether it be religious or secular.Immediately, Ali strives to make clear that certain values do not need to beauthenticated by any indigenous culture if they are "universal values".However, it is here where a significant weakness emerges, by notoutwardly recognizing the importance of the competitive universal valuesystems, including the "Islamist values", that are trying to find their spacein contemporary Egyptian political culture. Therefore, the message that is ...
International Seminar on Shah Wali-Allah's Thought
Authors: Abdul Majeed Nazeer Ahmad
Published: October 2020

Ahinad ibn Abd al-Rahim, better known as Shah Wali-Allab of Delhi( 1703-1762), is perhaps the greatest intellectual figure of Islam in SouthAsia. An international seminar was organized on his thought (as containedin Hujjat-Allah al-Balighah) on February 20-22, 2001 by the Shah WaliAllahDehlavi Research Cell of the Institute of Islamic Studies, AligarhMuslim University, India.Wali-Allah was a prolofic writer in Arabic and Persian and a "syntheticthinker" like Al-Ghazali and ibn-Khaldun. He made his contribution onthe eve of the modem (colonial) period. The British in the Bay of Bengalhad their eyes set on Delhi, the Mughul seat of Muslim power. Deeplyconcerned, Wali-Allah understood his mission to be a two-fold reformationof "the religion and the state." With his favorite slogan "Back to theQur'an", he called for a complete change of the old order and sought to"reopen" the doors of jihad and ijtihad.

In his resistance to the growing power of the Mrathas and Sikhs, he isbelieved to have set a tradition for the subsequent generations of MuslimIndia. Acclaimed variously by different Islamic groups as a reformer,a purifier, a revivalist and a modernizer, Wali-Allah is considered to be thespiritual and intellectual progenitor to a host of religio-political movementsin South Asia, including the Mujahidin movement, the Deobandmovement, the Aligarh movement and the Pakistan movement. Hisinfluence has also been acknowledged on the subsequent generations ofMuslim thinkers in the Indian subcontinent including Allama MuhammadIqbal and Mawlana Abul Aala Mawdudi.In his magnum opus, Hajjat-Allah al-Balighah (The ConclusiveArgument from God), Wali-Allah has worked out an "integrated scheme"of Shari'ah, or a theoretical basis for interpretation and applicationof Shari'ah against a background provided by his ideas of "humanpurposefulness" and "beneficial interests". He believed that his(pre-modern) age demanded a projection of Shari'ah with reasoned andconvincing "arguments", unraveling the secrets (deeper meanings) ofreligious symbols and injunctions ...
A History of Modern Yemen
Authors: Roochnik Paul
Published: October 2020

If you have time to read a single book on Yemen's recent past, PaulDresch's A History of Modern Yemen is the one for you. Dresch, aUniversity Lecturer at Oxford University's Institute of Social and CulturalAnthropology, elucidates the history of Yemen, starting in the 19thCentury, with the British and the Ottomans vying for power and influencein this most ancient and original of Arab states, and culminating in Yemen'sunification in 1990 and the Yemen-Saudi border settlement of 2000.Within these 285 pages, the author traces over a century and a half of theevents and trends, men and movements, that have shaped today's Yemen.

To be sure, a thorough familiarity with Yemen's long history - if suchknowledge lies within reach - would require a lifetime of reading andstudy. And Dreschs Modern Yemen does not pretend to cover such a span.What Dresch does cover, nevertheless, he covers well and offers afascinating account not just for historians and Middle East analysts, but forYemenophiles such as the present reviewer.The author divides the book into seven chapters, along with twoappendices, a glossary of Arabic terms, a chronological outline of Yemenihistory since 1831, copious notes and references, and an index. ChapterOne, "Turkey, Britain and Imam Yahya: the Years Around 1900", sets thestage not just for the anti-imperialist rebellions which would culminate inthe mid-twentieth century, but also for the on-going internal strugglesfought along tribal, regional, sectarian, and political lines. To follow theplethora of personalities, tribes, and place names which populate thesepages can be a daunting task prepare to jot down notes unless you own aphotographic memory! ...
Rivers of Fire
Authors: Kashif Imam Ghayth Nur
Published: October 2020

Addressing the UN's Second World Water Forum (May 2000), Dr. KalusToepfer, executive director of the United Nations Environment Program,took note of the critical importance of water in the search for world peaceand prosperity. He noted, "water is an indicator of poverty [and] an indicatorof environmental stability."While Toepfer's speech reflects the growing concern over water, AmonSoffer's Rivers of Fire focuses more closely on the socio-political ramificationsof the scarcity of water in the Middle East, and highlights theurgency of "international cooperation" regarding the global scarcity ofwater. In his conclusion, he points out US strategic interests in suggestingmore involvement of great powers in the problem.Written at the behest of the Israeli government, Soffer's introductionimmediately raises serious questions for the reader to consider regarding thegrowing conflicts over water rights. Whether he answers these questions fullyin the chapters that follow remains an open question for those who contemplateRivers of Fire. Soffer asks: Do the region's leaders really perceive thatreality has changed and that a transition to a New Middle East is in order?May we truly allow ourselves to be misled with illusions of optimism thatsweep all before them? Or should we call out "Wait! Nothing has changed."Rivers of Fire was originally published in Hebrew (1992) and appearsto shift major blame for the growing conflict over water rights to the Arab ...
The Intellectual Challenge Facing Contemporary Islamic Scholarship
Authors: Safi Louay M.
Published: October 2020

Language, perhaps the most mysterious element of human existence,enables us to acquire some insight into the human spirit. When used as aninstrument for expressing ideas and sharing feelings, it helps externalizeindividual consciousness and makes it accessible to others. But it is also aninstrument for shaping individual consciousness by means of internalizingnotions and ideas shaped by others. Human consciousness, both individualand collective, thus presupposes language.Language and discourse are essential for any collective action. Whilesuch individual actions as hunting for food or constructing a dwelling mayarguably be possible without these abilities, collective action requires thedevelopment of shared meaning and common understanding through linguisticdiscourse. The greater the collectivity and the more profound andfar-reaching the collective enterprise is, the more universal and abstract thelanguage becomes. Thus religion and philosophy have always been centralto human civilization.Yet despite the proximity between words and concepts, or languageand discourse, the two are far from identical. Although words denote conceptsand a discourse consists oflinguistic terms, the meaning embedded inwords and terms is ultimately determined by social experiences and psychologicalstates. Hence, in different social milieu and sociohistorical contexts,what some consider as "courage" might be regarded by others as"insanity," and what one generation might regard as "prudence" maydenote "cowardice" in another. Evidently, meaning lies not in individualwords but in conceptual frameworks and historically situated discourses.Take, for instance, such concepts as freedom, equality, dignity, or tolerance.These concepts often struck a cord among people of different cu 1-tures and ideological persuasions. But whether these words have a positiveimpact on people hinges not merely on their abstract meaning, but on how ...
Has Islam Missed Its Enlightenment?
Authors: Hofmann Murad Wilfried
Published: October 2020

Reinforced by 9/ I I, Muslims find themselves increasingly accused of having failed their Enlightenment. The implication is that Islam, being a pre-Enlightenment religion, is archaically a-rational. The eighteenth-century Enlightenment was a partially unrepeatable European phenomenon (an overdue emancipation from stifling church domination). Part of its import was of a general nature. Its overall rule of rationality promoted a supreme confidence in human reasoning (humanity as the mea­sure of all things), rejection of revelatory religion and meta­physics, separation of Church and State (secularism), belief in a noninterventionjst Deity and the law of nature, extreme "scien­tific" materialism, and the expectation of unlimited "progress."While some of its fruits were positive (e.g., the rule of law, lib­eral democracy, and market economy), other elements led to dis­aster after Deism gave way to a pervasive agnosticism and athe­ism in the runeteenth and twentieth centuries (e.g., colonialism, two world wars, the use of chemical and nuclear weapons, and fascism. !slam may be pre-Enlightenment, but it is an enlightened religion. Muslims never conceived of a categorical conflict between science and religion or religion and philosophy.
A Constructivist Approach to American Foreign Policy
Authors: Bokhari Kamran A.
Published: October 2020

This paper explores the role of an epistemic community's influ­ence upon American foreign policy vis-a-vis political ]slam. lt tries to account for American hostility toward Islamic resur­gence by employing the constructivist paradigm. ln this regard, the following observations are highlighted: The epistemic com­munity in question has two rival wings: Accommodationist and Confrontationalist, the resulting foreign policy view is a func ­tion of the dialectic between them; and constructivism coupled with the concept of epistemic communities helps explain the dynamics associated with the role of connoisseur recommenda­tion in formulating American foreign policy toward political lslam.
Muslim Women and the Politics of Representation
Authors: Zine Jasmin
Published: October 2020

This paper examines the politics of knowledge production as it relates to Muslim women in western literary traditions and con­temporary feminist writing, with a view to understanding the political, ideological, and economic mediations that have histor­ically framed these representations. The meta-narrative of the Muslim woman has shifted from the bold queens of medieval lit­erature to colonial images of the seraglio's veiled, secluded, and oppressed women. Contemporary feminist writing and popular culture have reproduced the colonial motifs of Muslim women, and these have regained currency in the aftermath of9/1 l. Drawing upon the work of Mohja Kahf, this paper begins by mapping the evolution of the Muslim woman archetype in western literary traditions. The paper then examines how some contemporary feminist literature has reproduced in new ways the discursive tropes that have had historical currency in Muslim women's textual representation. The analysis is atten­tive to the ways in which the cultural production of knowledge about Muslim women has been implicated historically by the relations of power between the Muslim world and the West ...
Unholy Wars
Authors: Hussain Maria
Published: October 2020

Reading this book is a lot like trying to eat undercooked meat – there is proteinin there, but it is flavorless and tedious. You can chew and chew, but youjust cannot bring yourself to swallow it. The author presents his case with anauthoritative tone, stuffing each paragraph with names, dates, and historicaldata, but a closer look reveals the use of manipulative language that stringstogether half-truths and repeated insinuations with conclusions that do notdirectly relate to the given evidence. The “Acknowledgements” mention thatthe author has important friends in media and politics, yet his credentials(e.g., for whom he is working, or what his political motivations are) are notgiven. This is a serious weakness.Even more serious is his clear contempt for Islam, for he makes no genuinedistinction between Muslims’ desire for self-rule based upon their beliefsystem (often called “Islamism”) and terrorism. The CIA’s use of Muslimlives to advance American corporate interests is taken for granted, whileMuslims are portrayed as untrustworthy imbeciles or ungrateful servants.Such mainstream and moderate organizations and intellectuals as TablighiJamaat, Jamaat Islami, Maududi of Pakistan, and Hassan al-Turabi of Sudanare given as examples of dangerous extremism. American terrorism againstIraq, Sudan, and Afghanistan, and its support of Israel, are unquestioned asbeing justified, noble, and necessary, while any attack on western interests orAmerican lives is described with emotionally loaded terms. The only seriouscriticism of the United States is that it ever trusted Muslims as allies ...
Muslim Teens
Authors: Khattab Huda
Published: October 2020

This is the second book on parenting by the husband-and-wife team of Dr.Ekram and Mohamed R. Beshir. Muslim Teens addresses an issue of deepconcern to all Muslim parents: how to keep one’s children on the “straightpath” when they reach the turbulent years of adolescence. The authors areprofessionals who have raised four daughters in Canada. Their daughters,now adults, have contributed to the book with insights from a teen’s pointof view, based upon their own experiences of growing up Muslim in NorthAmerica.The first two chapters draw a picture of teens and their environment.Drawing on Ekram’s background in medicine and child psychology, thesechapters describe the turbulent nature of puberty and the physical and emotionalgrowing pains experienced by teenagers. The second chapter alsogives an overview of North American teen culture, which should berequired reading for all immigrant parents raising children in a culture thatcan be viewed as largely antithetical to Islam.Chapters 3 to 6 provide a “road map” for raising teens and presents anoverview of the aims and stages of Islamic tarbiyah (education, upbringing).They advise parents to start early and state that both parents shouldshare a common vision of childrearing and set clear goals, such as spiritualconviction (not just knowledge of Islam) and enabling teens to developstrong and confident personalities. These chapters contain extensivequotations from the Qur’an and Sunnah to support what the authors say,thus enabling readers to gain a solid overview of parenting from an Islamicperspective. The authors also take some basic Islamic principles of social ...
Three Mothers, Three Daughters
Authors: Stockdale Nancy L.
Published: October 2020

In Three Mothers; Three Daughters: Palestinian Women's Stories, RafiqaOthman and Michael Gorkin present six remarkable life narratives fromPalestinian women living in the Occupied Territories and Israel. By selectingthree mother/daughter pairs from very different social and political circumstances,they represent, in dramatic microcosm, many elements of thetwentieth-century Palestinian experience. Moreover, these stories have astunning universal appeal, transcending their specific national context byrevealing complicated issues of gender and generational relations familiarthroughout the world. In this way, Gorkin and Othman have crafted an oralhistory that is both specific to - and transcendent of - Palestine.From the outset of their collaboration, Gorkin and Othman wrestledwith their complex personal positions and relationship, and used their prefaceand epilogue to frame their study in these terms. Gorkin is an AmericanJew living in Israel; Othman is a Palestinian Muslim from Abu Ghosh, theonly Arab village on the Israeli side of the Green Line in the Jerusalem areato survive the 1948-49 war. Their collaboration was not only controversialbecause one is a Jew and the other an Arab, but also because being anunmarried woman, Othman confronted the issue of 'ayb (shame) fallingupon her family if society misjudged her association with her male collalrorator. Moreover, several of the project's six informants would not speakwith Gorkin because he is a man.Thus, Othman juggled a difficult problem that often faces scholars conductinganthropological research within their societies: a complicated statusas both an insider and an outsider. It is to her credit that she deals directlywith this issue. Othman points out her position as a confidante at times, anddoes not hesitate to draw on a common sense of "sisterhood" to relate towomen's struggles. However, as an Arab living inside Israel, her ability tounderstand the experiences of Palestinians living under the occupation is difficultand painful. She reminds the reader that Palestinian experiences are asdiverse as any others, and that at times she is as much a political outsider asGorkin.The three mother/daughter pairs come from a relatively small territorialradius. However, the historical events and the borders emerging from ...
The Construction of Knowledge in Islamic Civilization
Authors: Stewart Devin
Published: October 2020

Through the lens of genre, Heck examines Kitab al-Kharaj wa Sina 'at a/Kitabah("The Book of the Land-Tax and the Craft of Writing/Secretaryship"), a work on Islamic administration composed in Baghdadin the early fourth/tenth century by the prominent secretary Qudamah ibnJa'far (d. 337/948). His analysis ofQudamah's manual, which belongs toa body of texts that emerged in the late third/ninth century and focused primarilyon the concerns of state officials, proceeds by breaking it into constituentparts and considering each one individually in relation to earlierand contemporary works in related genres. The result is a detailed appreciationfor the work's characteristics and relative merits; showing how oneauthor constructed human knowledge; how he articulated the relationshipbetween knowledge, religion, and the 'Abbasid state; and how this por trayaldiffered from other contemporary schemes.The organization of the original work was as follows: I. Introduction,2. The Art of Writing, 3. Language and Rhetoric, 4. Bureaus of theImperial Administration, 5. Bureaus of the Imperial Administration, 6.Geography, 7. Fiscal Law, and 8. Political Thought. Unfortunately, onlychapters 5-8 survive. The unique manuscript at Istanbul's Koprulu Librarywas published in facsimile edition in 1968 and edited in 1981 (the 1981edition, Heck reports, contains numerous errors). The author's discussionuses the rubrics of language in chapter 2 (parts 2-5), geography in chapter ...
Western Supremacy
Authors: Chishti Maliha
Published: October 2020

This book traces the journey of western domination from the conquest of theAmericas to the current forms and practices of globalization and development.Bessis contends that the West, unlike other empires of the past, is theonly one to have produced a theoretical (philosophical, moral, and scientific)apparatus to legitimate its supremacy and hegemony around the world.While making her case, she explores what she terms as the ultimate paradoxof the West: its ability to produce and even violently promote universals(e.g., democracy, justice, and human rights) and yet, at the same time, exertan inexhaustible capacity to self-justify its own violations of these very universals.It is precisely this capacity to disassociate what it says from what itdoes, the author asserts, that makes the West both unintelligent and illegitimateto the world. This book, divided into three parts with 12 chapters, providesthe reader with an excellent introductory overview of the nature andextent of western domination, as well as the relationship it has fostered withthe rest of the world.Part 1, “The Formation of a Culture,” sets out the West’s historicopoliticalformation, tracing its birth to the turn of the sixteenth century ...
Fear and Anxiety in the Arab World
Authors: Haque Amber
Published: October 2020

The title is certainly catchy, as not much has been written on fears and anxietiesin the Arab world. Much, however, has been written on Muslims andIslam post-9/11. While some writers genuinely try to understand the variousIslamic ideologies and Muslim cultures, others seek to paint a rather dim anddepressing picture of Muslim societies. This book attempts to describeArabs, as well as their fears and anxieties, in the garb of “interdisciplinaryresearch.” It is divided into seven chapters and contains a section on notes,a bibliography, and an index. The chapters address issues related to Arabpolitics (e.g., political identity, nationalism, and minority issues) and moregeneral areas (e.g., religion and Arab culture). The author is a professor ofpolitical science and diplomacy at the Notre Dame University in Lebanon.In the preface and opening chapter, Nehme introduces the growingfield of political psychology, which draws upon various psychological theoriesto interpret human political behavior. Although he admits that thebest results can be obtained through collaborative research betweenexperts in each discipline, he dares to make an independent attempt to analyzeArab fears and anxieties from a Freudian perspective.The book’s first few pages are quite a turn-off, as many preposterousstatements are made. Playing psychologist, Nehme asserts that worldevents are themselves natural experiments and, therefore, his assumptionsare “empirically based” (p. 2). He diagnoses the problem of violenceamong Arabs as resulting from a “built-in consistency of anxiety” (p. 3),“most Arabs no longer appeal to God … instead, they call on their governmentsfor relief” (p. 4), “they are afraid of everything” (p. 7), “Arab menare afraid that their wives will be sexually attracted to other men if theyleave home to work” (p. 8), and so on. He goes on to characterize suicidaltendencies among Arabs as a “death wish” that is not new in Arab history,as it develops their inner power … through acquiring weapons, and states ...
Beyond Veil and Holy War
Authors: Reda Nevin
Published: October 2020

In the aftermath of 9/11, Muslims grappled with the shock of seeing thehorrific attacks and their attribution to so-called Muslim fundamentalists.Some questioned whether indeed there was anything in the Qur’an thatcould condone such acts and whether negative portrayals were in any wayindicative of their religion. Others struggled with accusations as non-Muslims similarly groped for answers. Beyond Veil and Holy War exemplifiesone such struggle.Written in a question-and-answer format, the book answers many ofthese questions and calls for ijtihad, or objective soul-searching, in order todifferentiate between behaviors that Islam preaches and the practices thatsome Muslims follow. The intended audience is non-Muslims looking foranswers, as well as Muslims searching for reasons for the dubious behaviorof fellow Muslims.The book presents an Islam that celebrates religious pluralism and iscompassionate toward human weaknesses. It is divided into two parts: thecurrent situation and a vision for the future. The first part contains 13 chaptersand provides a background in contemporary issues relating to Islam.The first three chapters deal with the Muslims’ basic beliefs and sources ofguidance. The author relies on the primary sources alone – the Qur’an moreso than the Hadith – to support his arguments throughout the book ...
Islamic Fundamentalism and the Doctrine of Jihad
Authors: Ali Mikhail
Published: October 2020

A. J. Abraham, a professor at CUNY and the New York Institute of Technology,as well as a scholar of Near and Middle Eastern History, accuratelystates that the “Islamic Tendency” has been a significant phenomenonin contemporary times and has “attracted a great deal of negative attention”(p. 2). This compendium packages two prior works: The Warriors of God:Jihad (Holy War) and the Fundamentalists of Islam and a monograph entitledKhoumani and Islamic Fundamentalism: Contributions of IslamicSciences to Modern Civilization. The former is based largely on thesismaterial coauthored with George I. Haddad at Princeton; the latter is amonograph presented during the 1979 hostage crisis in Iran. The intent ofbringing these two works together is ambitious: to foster a “sympathetic”but objective lay understanding of jihad (p. 2) that excludes the sensationalistviews exploited by all factions for political aspirations. The author’spremise, as noted in the preface, is the need for “balanced yet opposingpoints of view” (p. 3).The first work provides a background and insight on jihad that delvesbeyond the “holy war versus internal struggle” discussion. A methodologicalbreakdown of jihad into seven chapter topics, starting with thehermeneutical “Doctrine of Jihad” and ending with the legalistic “Status ofNon-Moslems,” follows a logical pedagogy in the conventional understandingof jihad from an ideological framework to an actual interpretedlaw. Abraham also acknowledges factors leading to the rise of Islamic fundamentalism(p. 12), and thereby provides a succinct framework for furtherdiscussion. Inasmuch as these factors could have been more seamlessly tiedto current developments across the Middle East, Abraham treats the defunctclash between the Islamic world and the Soviet empire as more a symptomof “resisting secularism” than of addressing the actual appeal of Islamicfundamentalism itself to individuals and the collective Muslim psyche ...
The Jewish Obligation to Stand Up against Islamophobia in the United States
Authors: Kaplan Lisabeth , Roochnik Paul
Published: October 2020

First they came for the communists, and I did not speak out –because I was not a communist;Then they came for the socialists, and I did not speak out –because I was not a socialist;Then they came for the trade unionists, and I did not speak out –because I was not a trade unionist;Then they came for the Jews, and I did not speak out –because I was not a Jew;Then they came for me –and there was no one left to speak out for me.The German anti-Nazi Protestant minister, Martin Niemoeller, spoke thesepoignant words following the end of World War II. Pastor Niemoellerreminds us that whenever society singles out a specific minority for abuse,the rest of society must resist. What folly it is to believe that during a timeof insecurity and suspicion, any minority – religious, ethnic, or political –can long enjoy immunity from oppression. The Jewish people, perhapsmore than other minorities, has an intimate familiarity with the plight ofthe scapegoat, a 2,000 year history of diaspora and minority status, withall the cruelty and violence that has accompanied this experience. In thiswork, we will cite Biblical sources, cultural traditions, and rabbinic teachings to express the inescapable obligation of Jews to stand in solidaritywith Muslims in their time of need.Make no mistake about it: Muslims now confront unprecedented discriminationand harassment in the United States. In a recent report, theAmerican-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee (ADC) reports a significantincrease in the frequency of hate crimes and acts of discriminationperpetrated against Arabs (both Muslims and Christians) and non-ArabMuslims.1 The list includes hundreds of acts of physical violence, some 60incidents of Arab or Muslim passengers being prevented from traveling onairlines simply because of their “profile,” several hundred employmentdiscrimination cases, and serious concerns arising from the USA PatriotAct. Tabloid media and bigoted radio talk show hosts contribute to anatmosphere of Islamophobia, and some Americans associate the word“Muslim” or “Arab” with “terrorist.” Shortly after the 9/11 attacks, conservativepundit Ann Coulter, commenting on Arab and Muslim countries,suggested that “we should invade their countries, kill their leaders andconvert them to Christianity.”2 An Islamophobic atmosphere has takenhold in the United States, targeting Muslims not for any crime, but merelyfor being Muslims ...
Legal and Practical Aspects of Participation by Women in Arab Societies
Authors: Regt Marina de
Published: October 2020

Many Arab and Muslim countries have a long history of women’s activism.Depending on location and historical moment, women activists have drawninspiration from a wide array of sources, including both religious and seculardiscourses. In all cases, however, one main issue is how legal systemsand processes of legal reform on the one hand, and social relations andeveryday life on the other hand, relate to each other.At this conference, held in The Hague, The Netherlands, on March 4-5, 2004, the tensions between legal systems and social life were discussed.The conference was organized by the Arabic Dutch Women Circle (ANVK)in cooperation with the municipality of The Hague and the InternationalDialogues Foundation (IDF). The ANVK is a Dutch non-profit organizationdedicated to promoting cultural exchange between Dutch and Arabsocieties, and, in particular, between Dutch and Arab women. The ANVKorganizes conferences, meetings, debates, and exhibitions to stimulate dialogueand exchange.Among other things, the conference sought to clarify that class, ethnicity,political system, history, and cultural factors are of wider influence thanjust law or religious factors themselves. The constitutions of almost allArab and Muslim countries proclaim equal rights for all, regardless of race,sex, language, and religion. However, the implementation of these rights isoften a problem. By inviting a group of women activists and academicsfrom the Middle East, as well as representatives of various sectors of Dutchsociety and of the Arab and Muslim communities in The Netherlands, theconference also aimed at stimulating discussion about Arab women’s rightsand practices.The conference was chaired by Professor Annelies Moors, chair of theInternational Institute for the Study of Islam in the Modern World (ISIM)at the University of Amsterdam. The first day was open to the general publicand consisted of a plenary session in which four papers were presented, ...
International Conference on “The Making of the Islamic Diaspora”
Authors: Farhoumand-Sims Cheshmak
Published: October 2020

On 7-9 May 2004, the SSHRC-funded, York University-based MCRI projecton Diaspora, Islam, and Gender project held an international conferenceon “The Making of the Islamic Diaspora.” Under the directorship ofHaideh Moghissi, Saeed Rahnema, and Mark Goodman, the event was heldin Toronto and was cosponsored by the Ford Foundation EducationalProject for Palestinians, the Atkinson Faculty of Liberal and ProfessionalStudies, the York Centre for Refugee Studies, and the York Centre forFeminist Research. The conference brought together an impressive collectionof scholars from around the world to share knowledge and insight intothe challenges that face diaspora communities of emigrants, refugees, andexiles who originate from Islamic cultures, with a specific focus on the genderdimension of displacement.In addition to the invited guests and speakers, the conference wasattended by approximately 50 academics, graduate students, and the publicat large. The conference’s guest of honor was the Honorable Zahira Kamal,Minister of Women’s Affairs for the Palestinian National Authority, whoparticipated in the conference and presented a keynote address at a dinnerreception in her honor.The conference’s panels discussed themes related to identity formation,gender in diaspora, fundamentalism and human rights, the diasporaexperience, and the media and representation. Nergis Canefe, for example,spoke about issues of religious identity and national belonging andnoted that diasporas offer a site of new membership that is different thanmigrants and represent the flourishing of hybrid identities. She describedthe “common immigrant story,” where such socioeconomic barriers asracism, stereotyping, media representation, and difficulty in recertificationmake it extremely difficult to have a smooth life transition in a newcountry ...