bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Manta Ray-Inspired Biosyncretic Robot with Stable Controllability by Dynamic Electric Stimulation
Authors: Zhang Chuang , Zhang Yiwei , Wang Wenxue , Xi Ning , Liu Lianqing
Published: July 2022

Biosyncretic robots, which are new nature-based robots in addition to bionic robots, that utilize biological materials to realize their core function, have been supposed to further promote the progress in robotics. Actuation as the main operation mechanism relates to the robotic overall performance. Therefore, biosyncretic robots actuated by living biological actuators have attracted increasing attention. However, innovative propelling modes and control methods are still necessary for the further development of controllable motion performance of biosyncretic robots. In this work, a muscle tissue-based biosyncretic swimmer with a manta ray-inspired propelling mode has been developed. What is more, to improve the stable controllability of the biosyncretic swimmer, a dynamic control method based on circularly distributed multiple electrodes (CDME) has been proposed. In this method, the direction of the electric field generated by the CDME could be real-time controlled to be parallel with the actuation tissue of the dynamic swimmer. Therefore, the instability of the tissue actuation induced by the dynamic included angle between the tissue axis and electric field direction could be eliminated. Finally, the biosyncretic robot has demonstrated stable, controllable, and effective swimming, by adjusting the electric stimulation pulse direction, amplitude, and frequency. This work may be beneficial for not only the development of biosyncretic robots but also other related studies including bionic design of soft robots and muscle tissue engineering.
Aktivitas "Positif" Bisnis, Apakah Sudah Mencerminkan Etika Bisnis yang Baik atau Malah Sebaliknya ?
Authors: Permadi Rafifah Adelia Putri , Acintya Sannidya Tara , Yulianti Yessica Silva
Published: July 2022

Etika adalah suatu aspek penting dan sifatnya mendasari perilaku manusia. Dalam kaitannya dengan dunia bisnis, etika bisnis juga merupakan hal utama yang harus dijaga oleh semua pelaku bisnis sebagai bentuk tanggung jawabnya terhadap masyarakat dan lingkungan. Namun, di Indonesia sendiri masih terdapat banyak permasalahan terkait penyimpangan etika bisnis, misalnya korupsi, pemanfaatan kegiatan CSR yang hanya digunakan sebagai formalitas belaka, dan bentuk permasalahan moral lainnya. Lalu, apa yang seharusnya dilakukan oleh Indonesia untuk mengubah pandangan mereka dalam berbisnis, agar terbentuk etika yang sesuai dengan jati diri bangsa?. Dengan demikian, tidak ada lagi pihak-pihak yang dirugikan atas penyimpangan etika bisnis yang dilakukan.
Hubungan Etika dan Spiritualitas terhadap Perkembangan Suatu Negara
Authors: Manalu Jessica Yolanda Sharon , Situmorang Cantika Agatha , Salyowioso Nuh Titang
Published: July 2022

ABSTRAK

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman atas pentingnya beretika. Etika harus diimplementasikan dalam diri sendiri, berperilaku, berbisnis, kehidupan sosial, serta bernegara. Pentingnya juga memiliki keseimbangan antara etika dan profesionalisme sehingga setiap orang memiliki pondasi dalam melaksanakan profesi mereka dengan etika dan menjunjung nilai-nilai profesinya. Dalam konteks bernegara, etika dapat dijadikan suatu landasan moral bagi suatu negara dalam menjalankan kehidupan kebangsaan di berbagai bidang. Selain itu, kita harus mengedepankan nilai spiritualitas untuk menuntun diri kita dalam bertingkah laku berbangsa dan bernegara dan memberikan kontribusi kepada negara khususnya dalam aspek ekonomi.

Kata Kunci: Etika, Spiritualitas, Profesionalisme, Ekonomi

ABSTRACT

This article aims to provide an understanding of the importance of ethics. Ethics must be implemented within ourselves, in behavior, in business, in social life, and in the state. It is also important to have a balance between ethics and professionalism so that everyone has a foundation in carrying out their profession ethically and upholding the values ​​of their profession. In the context of the state, ethics can be used as a moral basis for a country in carrying out national life in various fields. In addition, we must prioritize the value of spirituality in carrying out the life of the nation and state. By prioritizing these values, we can guide ourselves to behave in the nation and state and help contribute to the country, especially in the economic aspect.

Keywords: Ethics, Spirituality, Professionalism, Economics
The Konsep pendidikan zelfbestuur yang dicitakan HOS. Tjokroaminoto
Authors: Irawan Asep , Rachmat Mauliyana
Published: July 2022

Pendidikan di Indonesia saat ini telah masuk ke ruang industrialisasi, sehingga konsep pendidikan hanya bertumpu pada rasional-empiris. Tulisan ini mencoba menelaah fitrah konsep pendidikan yang diajarkan oleh HOS Tjokroaminoto alias Pak Tjokro untuk generasi pada tahun-tahun Pak Tjokro berjuang dan setelahnya. Metode yang digunakan ialah studi literatur dan pembacaan sejarah tentang pendidikan dari abad 19 sampai abad 21. Hasil telaah perkembangan pendidikan di dunia ini (baik barat maupun timur) menemukan bahwa pendidikan tidak hanya sampai pada proses penyadaran saja, tetapi lebih jauh dari itu, bentuk pendidikan yang sesuai fitrah adalah yang diaksikan untuk masyarakat sekitarnya dan atau yang lebih luas, berlandaskan pada religiositas-kebangsaan.
Menimbang Pemikiran Semaoen dan Tan Malaka
Authors: Mahendra Reno Eza Mahendra
Published: July 2022

Penulisan artikel ini ditujukan untuk menemukan perbandingan antara pemikiran Semaoen dan Tan Malaka, sebagai seorang pejuang kemerdekaan Indonesia yang sama-sama memegang prinsip Sosialisme sebagai dasar perjuangan mereka. Meskipun keduanya memilih untuk memegang prinsip Sosialisme sebagai dasar perjuangan mereka, tetapi terdapat perbedaan signifikan dalam arah gerak mereka dalam memperjuangkan kemerdekaan Indonesia. Perbedaan tersebut terletak pada konsep praktis, sehingga dalam penulisan ini perbandingan berfokus pada ideologi. Dalam melakukan penelitian, peneliti menggunakan metode studi literatur dengan melakukan pembacaan terhadap sumber pustaka yang berkaitan dengan Semaoen dan Tan Malaka.
Individual Tax Compliance in Indonesia: Evidence from Tanah Abang Market and Benford’s Law
Authors: Nugroho Dedi Sulistyo
Published: July 2022

This study intends to detect Unplanned Evasion (UPE) among individual taxpayers in the Micro, Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise (MSMEs) sector in Indonesia. UPE refers to manipulation by taxpayers at the time of filing their tax obligations. The focus of this study is the Tanah Abang market, which has vital role in the garment and textile trade in Indonesia, where most of the sellers are MSMEs. This research uses Benford's law and internal data from the Directorate General of Taxes (DGT). The results based on the first digit and first two-digit tests showed that reported income did not follow Benford's law. The second digit tests yielded more mixed and only suggestive evidence of non-conformity with the law. To measure the magnitude of UPE, this study uses a distortion factor model, suggesting a distortion of –11.28%. The study concludes that there is substantial UPE at the aggregate. The study further explores heterogeneity by gender and age, finding that UPE is concentrated among men and older taxpayers. With the results of this research, it has an impact on DGT policy making to focus on counseling and supervising among men and older taxpayers.
The THE EFFECT OF TAX TREATY ON FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT ACTIVITY: INDONESIA OVERVIEW
Authors: Cahyono Rofi
Published: July 2022

The effect of tax treaty on foreign direct investment (FDI) has attracted many researchers. However, all of the studies on the effect of tax treaty on foreign direct investment show ambiguous results depending on the approach used, the study's location, and the time studied. Moreover, the study about the impact of tax treaty on foreign direct investment is rare in Indonesia context. This study uses panel data analysis to investigate the effect of tax treaty and others FDI determinant on FDI in Indonesia. By using Gravity Model, this research conclude that tax treaty has a positive effect on FDI inflows in Indonesia. This research also conclude that the effect of tax treaty on FDI in Indonesia is grow over time. The result of tax treaty effect and age of FDI are consistent among FDI total and FDI by sectors.  However, this research gives a mixed result on the effect of others FDI determinant on FDI Indonesia. The result varied by FDI sectors. Furthermore, in contrast with the effect of the tax treaty on FDI which significantly positive, the institutional factors gives insignificant result on FDI. The result is consistent by all sectors of FDI.
CITRA MEREK (BRAND IMAGE), LOKASI, DAN BIAYA PENDIDIKAN TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN MAHASISWA MENEMPUH PENDIDIKAN DI UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH PALEMBANG
Authors: Kurniadhi Ilham
Published: July 2022

This research was conducted to analyze the influence of brand image, location, and educational cost variables on student's decision to pursue education at Muhammadiyah University of Palembang partially and simultaneously. This study uses the primary data obtained through questionnaires. Samples are taken as many as 100 students S-1 Muhammadiyah University of Palembang by using purposive sampling method. Analytical techniques used are multiple linear regression analysis, F test and T test. The results of this study indicate that the brand image, location, and cost of education partially and simultaneously have a significant effect on the decision of students to study at the University of Muhammadiyah Palembang. In this research, location variable becomes the most dominant variable influencing student decision to study at Muhammadiyah University of Palembang followed by brand image and education cost
PENGARUH PERSEPSI PAJAK DAN SANKSI PAJAK TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK ORANG PRIBADI
Authors: Rina Amrina Rahmawati , Ningsih Endang Kusdiah , Pandriadi Pandriadi
Published: July 2022

Pajak merupakan iuran wajib pajak yang sangat penting bagi seluruh rakyat yang harus dibayarkan kepada kas negara menurut ketentuan undang- undang yang berlaku sehingga dapat dipaksakan dan tanpa membiayai pengeluaran umum negara. Demikian, semua rakyat menurut undang-undang termasuk sebagai wajib wajib pajak harus membayar pajak sesuai dengan kewajibannya. Desain penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan metode penilitian kuantitatif yaitu keusioner yang diberikan berupa pertanyaan yang akan diberi nilai. Dan penelitian kuantitatif ini juga merupakan metode untuk menguji teori-teori tertentu dengan cara meneliti hubungan antar variabel ynag diukur berupa instrumen penelitian terdiri dari angka-angka dan kemudia dianalisis berdasarkan prosedur statistik.  Hasil menganalisis data dapat dilakukan secara simultan persepsi wajib pajak dan sanksi pajak berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak dengan nilai Fhitung sebesar 13,448 dan signifikan 0,000. Koefisien determinasi (R2) diperoleh sebesar 0,201 yang berarti variabel independen (X) mempengaruhi variabel dependen sebesar 20,1%. Analisis Regresi Linier berganda pada variabel persepsi diperoleh sebesar 0,092 sedangkan variabel sanksi diperoleh sebesar 0,212
PENGARUH MOTIVASI DAN PENGALAMAN KERJA TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA KARYAWAN (STUDI KASUS PADA PT. INGREDIA SUKSES ABADI)
Authors: Rustandi Aldini , Zainuddin Zulkifli
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) pengaruh Motivasi Kerja terhadap Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan pada PT. Ingredia Sukses Abadi Jakarta, (2) pengaruh Pengalaman Kerja terhadap Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan pada PT. Ingredia Sukses Abadi Jakarta, (3) pengaruh Motivasi Kerja dan Pengalaman Kerja terhadap Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan pada PT. Ingredia Sukses Abadi Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel seluruh karyawan PT. Ingredia Sukses Abadi Jakarta, yaitu sebanyak 40 karyawan. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi dan kuesioner. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi dan analisis korelasi dan menggunakan alat uji statistik SPSS versi 20.0. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa motivasi kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produktivitas kerja, pengalaman kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produktivitas kerja, motivasi kerja dan pengalaman kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produktivitas kerja.

 

Keyword : Produktivitas Kerja, Motivasi Kerja, Pengalaman Kerja
In Need of Fresh Thinking: What Pratham’s Experience of Mobilising Communities Says about Current Development Thinking about Community Participation in Education
Authors: Bano Masooda
Published: July 2022

For more than two decades, the international development community has advocated that establishing school-based management committees to involve communities to monitor and hold teachers, principals, and district government officials accountable would improve state schooling in developing countries; yet the evidence to sustain this claim to date remains questionable. Considering the case of Pratham, the largest education NGO in India, which is widely recognised as having developed a successful model to improve learning outcomes among children in state schools and is known for doing it through active community engagement, this paper questions whether the current development thinking on best modes of engaging communities to improve learning outcomes in state schools needs fresh thinking. The paper questions the validity of the two central assumptions underpinning the school-based management model: that better-informed communities will become involved in education activities with some mobilisation and training; and that engaged communities will be able to hold to account front-line state officials, starting with teachers and principals and moving on to the district government officials. Pratham’s experience shows that dissemination of information about benefits of education does not automatically result in community engagement; instead, people are motivated to become involved on the basis of individual-based incentives. Equally, it shows that for a community to influence the actions of front-line staff, it is important to develop a co-operative and supportive relationship, instead of focusing on accountability. Pratham’s experience thus shows that there is much scope for fresh thinking within the international development community on how to engage communities in developing countries in improving learning outcomes in state schools.
UNDERSTANDING STRESS CONTRIBUTING FACTORS AMONG SENOI INDIGENOUS PRESCHOOL CHILDREN IN SUNGAI SIPUT
Authors: Md Jaafar Fauziah , Harun Nor Aimi
Published: July 2022

This study aims to identify the factors contributing to stress among indigenous preschool children. The subjects of the study consisted of an Orang Asli pre-school child who had been diagnosed with stress at 73 points based on the Child and Adolescent of Experiences (CASE) stress test. The design of a qualitative of case studies has been used in interviewing, observing and analyzing documents as a data collection instrument. Nvivo software is used as a tool to assist in the process of data transcription analysis. The findings show that school factors contributors to stress on indigenous preschool children involved in this study. However, efforts must be mobilized by the school to help indigenous children involved in the psychological and emotional aspects of developing in education.
AN OVERVIEW OF REMOTE TEACHING: EMPLOYING ACTIVE LEARNING TO ENGAGE STUDENTS DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: Yusuf Byabazaire , Ahmed Taiye Mohammed , Milrad Marcelo
Published: July 2022

Remote teaching is the “new normal” especially in higher educational institutions as the world grapples with the raging COVID-19 pandemic and innumerable changes caused by disruptive technologies. Higher educational institutions have resorted to remote teaching as a means of ensuring student safety and an effective learning approach. For this approach to succeed, didactic methods must be carefully chosen to ensure student active engagement during learning processes. Specifically, cognitive engagement has been often cited as a critical component of students’ educational experience which includes active, constructive, interactive, and passive cognitive modes of engagement. These modes allow students to demonstrate knowledge as node-link structures through different overt behavioural knowledge-change processes that require individuals to store, activate, link, and infer varying stages of learning also known as Active Learning (AL). AL enables students’ engagement activities to construct knowledge, improve subject content retention and better their performance in achieving learning outcomes. AL can leverage both synchronous and asynchronous teaching pedagogical methods. The primary goal of this review was to examine AL literature during COVID-19 pandemic in order to propose solutions for improving student cognitive engagement in higher educational institutions.
Regional capacity to meet national targets of Sustainable development goal 14 on the conservation of marine resources
Authors: Paladchenko O. F. , Molchanova I. V.
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to the results of a forecast study to identify scientific, technological, managerial and production potential of Ukraine at the regional level in terms of national objectives Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) No. 14 “Conservation and sustainable use of oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development”. The study is the next in a series of predictive studies on the conservation of marine resources. The study was carried out by the Forsyth method using expert panels. A survey of experts-scientists of scientific organizations and institutions of higher education on research and technology required for the implementation of the SDG No. 14, and a survey of experts-practitioners in public administration and production to assess the proposed areas of research and technology, were conducted. According to the results of the survey, scientific and technological, managerial and production potentials at the regional level for its possible use in the implementation of national tasks of the SDG No. 14 were determined.
Food as a countermeasure to SARS-COV-2
Authors: Pivovarov O. A. , Mykolenko S. Yu. , Markin A. M.
Published: July 2022

Over 2500 years ago Hippocrates said: “Let food be your medicine and medicine be your food”. From this position, a literature review in determining effective preventive and health-improving nutrition during the Covid-19 pandemic was carried out, measures to reduce the risk of a vulnerable viral disease using available foods with specific properties that can accelerate the recovery process and reduce various complications that accompany in case of Covid-19 disease was considered. A wide range of valuable foodstuffs, widely consumed of plant and animal origin, are presented, which to a certain extent help to get out of a serious illness without any complications, supply the human body with the necessary components that can block the spread of a viral infection and create immune resistance in the human body. Attention is paid to Chinese folk medicine, which during the Covid-19 epidemic in China played a role in the treatment of coronavirus among a wide range of people. The role of well-known vitamins in wellness and preventive nutrition in order to improve the general condition of people who survived the Covid-19 disease is shown.
CONSTRUCTION OF THE ANALYTICAL DEPENDENCE OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL DISTRIBUTION
Authors:   Federal Research-and-Production Center Joint Stock Company RPA Mars, Shumilov Sergey S.
Published: July 2022

The article deals with a problem of the control loop generation with subject to the adjustable parameter optimization of controlled objects and surveillance facilities. It was demonstrated that the parameter optimization leads to substantial decrease of the class of current problems ever looking up objects required to be distributed trivariate. The use of analytical dependence of the maximum test of distribution from initial three-dimensional probability matrix for achieving goals was suggested to solve problem while loop functioning. The construction of dependence is based on a known analytical approximation of the bivariate distribution algorithm. The analytical approximation of the bivariate distribution was detected without rigorous theoretical foundations but confirmed by experiments. Analytical dependence of three-dimensional distribution was examined; the research results accuracy was demonstrated. The control is restricted by the dimension of problem, where the solution carried out by the random search algorithm with required number of permutations becomes impossible.
DATA INTEGRITY CONTROL BASED ON THE RULES FOR CONSTRUCTING CODES WITH UNEQUAL CHARACTER PROTECTION
Authors:   Krasnodar Military Academy named after General of the Army S. Shtemenko, Sokolov Maksim V. , Chechin Ivan V. ,   Krasnodar Military Academy named after General of the Army S. Shtemenko, Novikov Pavel A. ,   Krasnodar Military Academy named after General of the Army S. Shtemenko, Dichenko Sergey A. ,   Shtemenko Krasnodar Highest Military School
Published: July 2022

Information and analytical systems for various purposes are considered, the functioning of which is based on the processing of large multidimensional arrays of information in the conditions of destructive effects of an attacker and environmental disturbances. For such operating conditions, one of the most urgent tasks is the organization of secure data storage with a limited resource of the systems under consideration, ensuring the identity of the data from the operator who sent them for storage and from the decision-maker when requesting their use. A subsystem of data integrity control based on the use of redundant coding is proposed, in which the data to be protected is presented in the form of blocks, pre-grouped according to the criterion of “information value” to ensure the possibility of timeliness and correctness of a decision by the user of the system. The use of redundant coding in the developed subsystem is based on the rules for constructing codes with unequal character protection, which makes it possible to reduce the introduced redundancy of control information at given different levels of security of groups of data blocks processed in information and analytical systems.
FORECASTING AND ASSESSMENT OF A TECHNICAL OBJECT STATE BASED ON THE CYLINDRICAL IMAGE MODELS
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Ulyanovsk, Kong Luan L. , Kuvayskova Yuliya E. ,   Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Ulyanovsk
Published: July 2022

To ensure reliable and safe functioning of a technical object, it is necessary to assess the current and forecast the future state of it. Let the state of the object be characterized by a set of controlled parameters, for example physical and chemical indicators of a water supply source, vibration of a hydroelectric unit, characteristics of a computer’s central processor, etc. In the process of monitoring, the object’s parameters are recorded at certain points of time and form a system of time series with quasi-periodic dynamics that is periodicity with random change periods. To forecast and assess the future state of such an object, it is necessary to build an adequate mathematical model capable of forecasting the quasi-periodic behavior of the object’s functioning parameters with sufficiently high accuracy. To solve this problem the article proposes to use an image model on cylinders in combination with a pseudo-gradient method to identify model parameters, which will improve the accuracy of modeling and forecasting the state of an object. And for the interpretation of numerical predictions obtained from the models, and the assessment of the state of the object (healthy or faulty), the use of neural network models is proposed. The efficiency of the proposed approaches is demonstrated by the example of forecasting the state of a personal electronic computer (PC).
Cognitive Approach to the Notion of Enumeration
Authors: Savchenko Yelisaveta
Published: July 2022

The article focuses on the development of the cognitive approach to stylistic

devices and views the stylistic device of enumeration as a cognitive phenomenon. The

necessity of the research conducted is determined by insufficient cognitive knowledge

of the stylistic device of enumeration, as well as by the increasing interest in the ap-

plication of cognitive methods of analysis aroused nowadays. Discourse analysis of

the given examples is complemented by a brief overview of basic ideas of such prom-

inent linguists as M. Minsky, R. Wodak, G. Fauconnier, M. Turner, O.K. Iriskhanova

and others. As the principal method of analysis, we apply cognitive modelling includ-

ing the method of conceptual integration and the method of frame-structures, as well

as discourse, critical and linguaculturological analyses.

The paper aims at demonstrating the effectiveness of cognitive theories as an interpretation tool of enumeration analysis. Literary examples taken from authentic novels are subjected to careful examination with the aid of cognitive modelling technique. The study has established and cited a wide range of advantages of cognitive analysis. Thus, it allows us 1) to identify the recipient’srole in the discourse, 2) to

take into account extralinguistic factors, 3) to analyse cognitive processes and func-

tions of human brain, 4) to decode the author’s intentions.

The author draws a conclusion that the effectiveness of the application of cognitive research methods has been confirmed by the fact that the above-mentioned methods lead to the comprehensive and complete understanding of the phenomenon

of enumeration.
Representation of the Concept «Woman» in German Sports Discourse (Based on Sports Anecdotes)
Authors: Shcherbina Tatyana
Published: July 2022

This article examines some features of the representation of the concept «woman» in German sports discourse. The research is conducted on a specific section of this discourse, which is coloured by a humorous tone. For the linguocognitive

and linguocultural analysis of sports anecdotes, which we have selected as empirical material of this study, the following methods are used: discursive, component, con-

ceptual analysis, classification, observation, lexico-graphical and contextual study. The paper presents a working definition of sports discourse, describes its correlation with humorous discourse, identifies linguistic and narrative anecdotes or-

ganizing humorous communicative space. We have obtained new data on the semantic images of the concept «woman» in sports anecdotes and outlined the prospects for further research of this issue in German and in comparative aspect hrough com-

parison with other languages.
Did а Smolensk Peasant Want to be a Village Headman?
(To the Question of Peasant Self-government in Smolensk Governorate)
Authors: Krivchenkov Gleb
Published: July 2022

The article considers the status of the village headman in the system of peasant self-government of the Smolensk Governorate in the post-reform period. The main attention is paid to the social position of the village headman in the peasant community and his attitude to the duties of the official of the peasant self-government and the peasants’attitude to him.

According to Russian legislation, the village headman was at the head of the village society, he performed administrative and police functions. In this regard, the district presences often received complaints about village headmen related to drunk-

enness, arbitrariness and embezzlement of public money. Despite the low salary and a large amount of work, the village headmen faithfully performed their duties, and many complaints received against them in the presence were not confirmed and were

due to the legal illiteracy of the peasants themselves. Confirmed complaints were punished, as a rule, with a 7-day arrest under the volost administration. By such a measure, the county administration exercised control over the activities of village

headmen and maintained law and order in the village.

The author draws a conclusion that the modernization processes, in particular, the decomposition of the community, that took place in post-reform Russia, influenced the change in the position of the village headman.
N.V. Ustryalov’s College Years: Formation of the Politician, Publicist and Thinker (Onthe 130th Anniversary of his Birth)
Authors: Romanosky Vyacheslav
Published: July 2022

The article considers the formation of N.V. Ustryalov’s personality, his spiritual, intellectual and professional development during his studies at Moscow University.

In addition, the paper reveals the circumstances and factors that had a great influence on N.V. Ustryalov during his student years, such as university

lectures, seminars and communication with professors-teachers, participation in the student cadet faction and public life of the university, mastering the scientific and philosophical heritage, attending sessions of philosophical associations in

Moscow, creative collaboration with outstanding figures of culture, scientific and public thought in Russia.

The article emphasizes the role of Moscow University professors, such as E.N. Trubetzkoy, S.A. Kotlyarevsky, P.I. Novgorodtsev, in N. Ustryalov’s spiritual

and professional development. Moreover, the paper highlights the great influence of the liberal-conservative ideas of P.B. Struve, a famous politician and publicist, the collection «Vekhi» («Landmarks») and the creative heritage of outstanding repre-

sentatives of European and domestic thought (Heraclitus, Machiavelli, Hegel, Danilevsky, V. Solovyov, etc.) on the formation of his political views and worldview.

The article gives the examples of socio-political activity and conflict situations between the law enforcement agencies and the student N. Ustryalov during his university years. It mentions his participation in the student delegation at the

funeral of L.N. Tolstoy. The paper analyzes the topic and the content the student Ustryalov’s first

articles published in the periodicals in Moscow and St. Petersburg, it emphasizes the accumulation of some experience in the publicist’s journalism. The article focuses on N.V. Ustryalov’sthesis, its content and scientific provisions that reflect important personality traits of the young scientist, his views

and ideas about the surrounding world, the ways and methods of his cognition. In the end, the author of the article formulates the conclusion that the student years spent at Moscow University became an important stage in Nikolay

Ustryalov’s personal development, his formation as a politician, publicist, scientist and thinker.
Origin of Symmetrical Composition in Decorative Art of the Viking Age
Authors: Kulakov Vladimir
Published: July 2022

For the first time, a symmetrical composition with figures of a deity standing on the godsof carnivorous animals appeared in the Middle Eastern art of the III–II millennium B.C. In the Mycenaean era, this composition became known to adherents of Hellenic art, who realized it both in painting and sculpture. This composition realizes the idea of their authors striving to convey to recipients the concept of the power of the depicted deity and his power over the animal world. A symmetrical composition with standing predatory animals, which is a clear

oriental innovation in the art of ancient Europe, was not represented on our continent in ancient and Hellenistic times. As a result of the gradual increase in the eastern influence on the art of late Rome, symmetry again became known to Europeans in

the products of provincial-Roman masters of the 5th century A.D. In late antiquity, goldsmiths in the Roman provinces used this composition on the parts of military belt sets. These images became models for the ancient German masters who represented

the God Wotan / Odin surrounded by mythical animals and birds dedicated to him.

The decorative art of the Viking Age, alien to symmetry, retains it only in the plot of the pagan canon «Odin and the Crows». Variants of this «pagan icon», realized in the decorative art of the Viking Age, came to an end in the Germanic world of a

composition with symmetrically located predators, which began in the Ancient East

in Akkadian time. In this case, we have a unique example of the multi-thousand-year existence of the pictorial motive, used by jewelers and stonecutters to make impressive images of mystical creatures. The predators surrounding them were intended to

symbolize the unearthly power of the deities.In Byzantium, a symmetrical composition remained relevant until the XIV

century. Modern and contemporary historypreserves paired images of predators in heraldic and architectural compositions. However, their genetic relationship with Ancient Eastern images requires additional study.
The Theater of Death of the XVII–XVIII Centuries:
The Kings of Western Europe and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealthon the Threshold of Eternity
Authors: Ivonina Ludmila
Published: July 2022

The perception of death in the Early Modern Time was largely based on ancient traditions. The process of death was a form of public communication and required the presence of spectators.The agony of kings was a kind of caesure between the past and the future, when the subjects were demonstrated the status of the state and its ruler, and at the same time, personal and state interests were clashed and resolved.

In contrast to the solemn departure to the other world of West Europe sovereigns, a vivid example of which was the death of the French king Louis XIV,

the last minutes of the the Polish kings’lives, in particular, Jan Sobieski and Augustus the Strong, were more likely a personal and deeply religious act, rather than a national event. To a large extent it was facilitated by the state system of

thePolish-Lithuanian Commonwealthas a gentry republic with an elected king. The «theater of death» of the French king was in the service of Majesty until the last minute, while the «first among equals» in Poland could die like an ordinary person and get only a «theater after death» – a magnificent funeral ceremony.

The public process of the demise of the monarchs in the Early Modern Time was largely determined not only by the sovereign’s personality, but also by the geopolitical position and state structure of the territory he controlled.
The Description of Worker-Peasant Faculty in H. Kant’s «Assembly Hall» (Die Aula, 1965) and F. Marquardt’s «Document, or Aries Entangled in the Thicket by their Horns» (Dokument oder Widder im Dornbusch, 1965): Assertion and Opposition of New Reality in GDR in the 1950–1960s
Authors: Gurevich Rimma
Published: July 2022

The article depicts The Workers’ and Peasants’ Faculty (WPF) in the

works «Assembly Hall» by H. Kant, 1965 and «Document, or Aries Entangled in

the Thicket by their Horns», 1965by F. Markquardt, their assertion and opposi-

tion of the new reality in Germany in the 1950–1960s. Both authors belong to the

same generation, they came to the WPF in the similar way: H. Kant did it after

captivity in Poland, F. Marquardt came after labor camp in Siberia. Both of them

became communists. In the lives of both writers WPF left a significant mark. In

the image of H. Kant, WPF appears as a group of friends as embodiment of a new

life, which gave opportunities for the development of those who previously could

not dream about it. Kant found a poetically vivid and precise image, viz. assembly

hall of the old university, a symbol of new science and new intelligentsia, that

conquered it. The writer does not ignore the serious miscalculations of party and

state bureaucrats, this soulless machine that broke the fate of ordinary people.

Over the years Kant’s novel began to be perceived as a parabola telling about

the equistential contradictions between great plans and human imperfection that

hinders their implementation.

F. Marquardt writes on behalf of those fallen «under the wheels» of the

system, the WPF collective is a collection of predators of all stripes from small ro-

dents to giants who trample the personality. This is an idol to which any manifestation

of individuality, friendship and love are sacrificed. The idol is nourished by the at-

mosphere of universal fear denunciations, blackmail, «Document», a piece of paper

replaces the essence of the person himself. The protagonist must sacrifice his friend

to stay in the ranks of the party and try to become like everyone else.
On the Use of Proper Nouns in Modern Russian-language Prose
(Based on the Anthroponyms of D. Rubina’s Trilogy
«The Russian Canary»)
Authors: Rastorgueva Marina
Published: July 2022

The article considers the lexical layer of proper names (anthroponyms) used by D. Rubina in her trilogy «The Russian Canary» in accordance with their distribution into thematic groups. We analyze the trilogy anthroponyms selected

by the continuous sampling method, their various lexical images, which is the basis for the distribution of material among thematic groups according to the generally accepted classification. The article considers filling of groups from various points of view: origin, area of use, transformation of proper names, etc. As

a result of the lexical stratum analysis of proper names (anthroponyms), the study presents distribution of the trilogy vocabulary in groups. The results of the study are as follows: the anthroponyms of D. Rubina’s trilogy «The Russian Canary» are represented in a fairly large number of lexical

units, which makes it possible to make a detailed and complete analysis; they are divided into 6 main thematic groups, such as «name», «middle name», «last name», «nickname», «pseudonym», «onomathet»; the largest group is the «Names» and the smallest one is the «Pseudonyms». The article is a continuation of the lexical content study of D.I. Rubina’strilogy «The Russian Canary».
Emotional Potential of Non-Emotive Vocabulary in the Modern English Literary Text
Authors: Sukhanova Irina
Published: July 2022

The study is devoted to the features of lexicalization of the basic emotion «fear» in an English literary text in order to determine the emotive potential of non-emotive vocabulary representing this emotion. The use of cognitive approaches to the study of the language, the internal structure in the naming of

emotions, the ways of their objectification and lexicalization reflect the relevance of the study. The analysis of the semantic structure of the emotion «fear» in the Russian and English languages as well as the linguistic representation of the

basic emotion «fear» in the texts of modern British authors made it possible to determine the features of the lexicalization of the emotion «fear» in a modern

literary English text and to study the emotivity degree of non-emotive lexical means that are used to lexicalize the specified basic emotion. The results obtained are as follows: the emotion «fear» is lexicalized with the help of emotive vocabulary that contain the seme «fear», «escape», «retreat»,

«cry». Non-emotive vocabulary is systematized by thematic groups: achromatic colours and physiological reactions of a person. Non-emotive, neutral vocabulary which is used to describe the non-verbal manifestations of the «fear» emotion creates an emotional colouring of the description. The emotional potential of the corresponding lexemes varies under the influence of certain situations in such a way that neutral lexical units begin to express emotiveness. Non-emotive vocab-

ulary is used by authors to reflect the emotional experience of the speaker, to describe the non-verbal manifestations of emotion, to create tension and emotional intensity of the narrative. The results of the study can be used in research work related to the study of the vocabulary of the modern English language.
The Role of the Food Issue in the Fight of the Soviet Government of Russiawith the Central Rada and the Establishment of Soviet Power in Ukraine (November 1917 – January 1918)
Authors: Borisov Valeriy
Published: July 2022

During the First World War, Russia was seized with a food crisis, which

continued after the October Revolution in the civil war. The article analyzes the

role of the food issue in the relationship between the Soviet government of the

Bolsheviks and the nationalist Central Rada, which seized power in Ukraine. The struggle for bread has turned from a socio-economic problem into an acute military-political problem. The Central Rada wanted to use bread as a weapon in the struggle against the Bolsheviks, leaving the broad masses of Russian people and

the soldiers at the front to starvation.

The article shows the Russophobic role of the Rada in relation to Russia.

At the same time, it is demonstrated how the Soviets of Workers’, Soldiers’ and Peasants’ Deputies solved the food issue at the local level and provided food aid to Russia. The nationalist leaders of the Central Rada were defeated in this struggle, they were not supported not only by the masses, but also by the Ukrainianized

military regiments.

The author concludes that food was the main issue in relations between Russia and the Central Rada. The Bolsheviks could not allow famine in the cities and at the fronts, and this situation led to a war with the Central Rada and an aggravation of the civil war. The study has revealed that the leaders of Rada betrayed the allies from the Entente. The article is based on archival documents and materials from periodicals of that time. A large amount of factual material is being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time.
The French Military Mission in Siberia and the Evacuation of the Czechoslovak Army in 1919
Authors: Feskova Yekaterina
Published: July 2022

The article conciders participation of the French military mission in the evacuation of the Czechoslovak troops from Russia. The object of the research is to find out how the peculiarities of the relationship between the French general Maurice

Janin (responsible for the repatriation of the Czechoslovak armed forces) and representatives of the Omsk government (first of all, A.V. Kolchak, the Supreme Ruler of Russia) influenced the evacuation process. Finally, the following conclusions have

been obtained: 1. Admiral Kolchak, recognizing the need to protect the Trans-Siberian Railway by the forces of the Czechoslovak troops, at the same time accused the latter of

a significant complication of the internal situation in Russia. General Janin considered Kolchak’s attitude towards the Czechoslovak contingent to be unfair. According

to Maurice Janin, the policy of the Omsk government on the repatriation of the Czechoslovak army was inconsistent. Conflict situations arose due to statements by members of the government about the need to disarm the Czechoslovak army, as well as in view of repeated proposals to use these forces in military operations against the Bolsheviks.

2. Besides the uneasy relationship, the process of repatriation of the Czechoslovak army was complicated by objective circumstances. The evacuation terms were repeatedly postponed due to the lack of ships at the required displacement. In addi-

tion, during the civil war, the normal functioning of the railway was significantly disrupted and, since the main Czechoslovak units were in Siberia, their transfer to

the Far East was significantly limited. The situation was further aggravated by supply and communication problems in the already disorganized Czechoslovak army.
Origin of the Nordic Indo-European Group in the Light of the Latest Paleogenetics Data
Authors: Alekseyev Konstantin
Published: July 2022

The subject of the article is ethnogenesis of the Balto-Slavic-Germanic

group of the Indo-European language family. The article analyzes data on the

genetic composition of the population of the Corded Ware cultures in Central

Europe and the Northern Circle cultures in Jutland and Southern Scandinavia.

The study aims to determine the primary habitat of the Nordic Indo-Europeans in

the period preceding the disintegration of dialectal unity and the beginning of

their migrations to Central Europe. The methodology is based on comparative

and cluster analysis of mitochondrial components in the studied populations and

their synchronous or diachronic occurrence in other populations and areas. The

analysis results are verified by the data of archeology, anthropology and glotto-

chronology according to the principle of mutual convergence.

In the course of the study, we have established that the substrate of Corded

Ware cultures lived in the middle reaches of the Dnieper since the Neolithic pe-

riod, at the same time, it is possible to localize the Nordic Indo-Europeans in the

indicated region as a single and undivided dialect group not earlier than the

emergence of the Middle Dnieper variant of the Yamnaya culture, for which the

chronological framework is determined. It was also found that the influx of mito-

chondrial genes from the eastern regions of the Yamnaya culture into the habitat

of the Nordic Indo-Europeans was quantitatively insignificant and did not entail

a qualitative change in culture and language.
The Presence of the Devil in Alexander Tvardovsky’s Artistic World
Authors: Romanova Irina , Pavlova Larissa
Published: July 2022

The present article examines a side of the traditional literary opposition «God vs devil», namely the devil. Tvardovsky’s artistic world is anthropocentric. It denies the presence and influence of supernatural principles on a person. In Tvardovsky’s

poetic language the lexemes God and the devil in most cases constitute a part of

phraseological units. The gradual development of the image of a trait occurs accord-

ing to the principle of semantic gradation – from an expressive exclamation to the creation of an original ambivalent image. However, the devil of Tvardovsky does notoppose God. It is a supernatural force existing in every person. It wakes up in difficult, «hellish» circumstances and becomes the key to victory.
Atlantic Unity Restoring: The European Policy of the Obama Administration According to the Development of the ESDP / CSDP (2009–2011)
Authors: Gotin Maksim
Published: July 2022

The subject of the article is the European policy direction of the Obama administration. Obama’s European policy was aimed at leveling the foreign policy consequences of the unilateral actions of the previous Bush administration (2001–2009).

The author examines the transformation of the ESDP into the CSDP of the EU from the position of the United States in the context of developing a common strategy for cooperation in Afghanistan. The global financial crisis of the 2008–

2009s turned out to be one of the most powerful factors of rapprochement between the EU and NATO. The crisis has started the process of assigning responsibilities

in the general security system. The chronological framework is determined by a new stage in relations between the US and the EU on issues of collective security caused by the election of Democrat B. Obama as US President and the Lisbon Treaty (2009) entring into force. This stage ends in 2011 with the beginning of

the Arab Spring and the formation of several coalitions within NATO and the EU on the Libyan and Syrian issues, as well as the signing of the Framework Agreement on participation of the United States in CSDP missions (2011).

The author concludes that the change in Washington’s perception of the CSDP development process has objective prerequisites. It is like an exchange of positions with the EU. The purpose of the exchange was the desire of the United States to maintain global American leadership. These events were of great polit-

ical importance for transatlantic relations, as for the first time they openly indicated the inability of the United States to abandon its interest in preserving and strengthening NATO.