bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatial and Economic Proximity of Cigarette Sales to School Children in Mongolia
Authors: PUREVDORJ BOLORMAA , SUH ERIC , PETERSEN ANNE BERIT , KUWABARA YUKI , KINJO AYA , OSAKI YONEATSU , Narmandakh Altanzul , DAMBARDARJAA DAVAALKHAM , SINGH PRAMIL
Published: March 2024

Background: The Western Pacific Region has the highest rate of cigarette smoking in the world. In this region, Mongolia has ratified the WHO FCTC treaty and, as part of treaty implementation, has monitored school tobacco use in children using the 2014 Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) and 2019 GYTS. Our objective was to examine the spatial and economic factors associated with cigarette use in schoolchildren of Mongolia.
Methods: The 2014 and 2019 GYTS are the most recent and comprehensive national surveys of tobacco use in schoolchildren in Mongolia and are cross-sectional, stratified, multi-stage cluster surveys of 13-15 year-old schoolchildren (7,298 in 2014, 4,146 in 2019) selected from urban and rural schools. For each survey, we conducted logistic regression modelling to examine whether spatial (proximity of cigarette sales to schools), economic (pocket money available to school children), and other environmental/contextual factors were predictors of cigarette use (all, single sticks) in schoolchildren.
Results: We found that 1)the prevalence of vendors selling cigarettes near schools increased from 65% in the 2014 GYTS to 94% in the 2019 GYTS, 2) sales of cigarettes near schools were associated with increased current smoking of all cigarettes and this effect increased from a marginal 31% increase in odds in 2014 (OR [95% confidence interval(CI)]=1.31 [0.99, 1.73]) to a 416% increase in odds in 2019 (OR [95% CI]=5.16[3.31, 8.05]), 3) sales of cigarettes near schools were associated with a substantial increase in odds of smoking single cigarettes in 2014 (OR [95% CI]=1.87 [1.14,3.06]) and in 2019 (OR[95% CI]=2.70 [1.42, 5.12]). We also found that smoking of all cigarettes was higher when student pocket money exceeded the price of the cigarette pack (approximately 1.8 USD) and also when parents and/or peers were smokers.
Conclusions: Despite the 2012 National Tobacco Laws banning sales of cigarettes and single cigarettes to schoolchildren near schools, the most recent national surveys (2014-2019) have shown that these sales are increasing. We provide new findings indicating that despite the higher pricing of cigarette packs (relative to the region), illicit sales of single cigarettes are targeting schoolchildren near their schools.
An abnormality in the cerebrospinal fluid before transplantation is predictive of poor outcomes after allotransplantation in AML patients
Authors: Chang Ying-Jun , Hu Lijuan , Fu Guo-Mei , Zhang Yuan-Yuan , Wang Ya-Zhe , Qin Ya-Zhen , Lai Yueyun , shi hong xia , Jiang Hao , Zhang Xiao-hui , Xu Lan-Ping , Wang Yu , Jiang Qian , Huang XiaoJun
Published: March 2024

Central nervous system leukemia (CNSL) remains a serious complication in patients with AML and an ambiguous prognostic factor for those receiving allo-HSCT. Thus, we aimed to retrospectively analyse the clinical outcomes of 1472 AML patients with or without CNS abnormalities before transplantation. Abnormal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was detected via conventional cytology (CC) and MFC in 44 patients (CNS+) at any time after diagnosis. A control group of 175 CSF-normal (CNS-) patients was generated via propensity score matching (PSM) analyses according to sex, age at transplant, and white blood cell count at diagnosis. Compared to those in the CNS-negative group, the CC + and MFC + groups had comparable 8-year non-relapse mortality (NRM) (4%, 4% and 6%, P = .82), higher cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) (14%, 31% and 32%, P = .007), lower leukemia-free survival (LFS) (79%, 63% and 64%, P = .024) and overall survival (OS) (83%, 63% and 68%, P = .021), with no significant differences between the CC + and MFC + groups. Furthermore, multivariate analysis confirmed that CSF involvement was an independent factor affecting OS and LFS. In conclusion, our results indicate that pretransplant CSF abnormalities is an adverse factor independently affecting OS and LFS after allotransplantation in AML patients.
A Fine-grained Attributes Recognition Model for Clothing Based on Improved the CSPDarknet and PAFPN Network
Authors: Pan Bo , Xiang Jun , Zhang Ning , Pan Ruru
Published: March 2024

An efficient and accurate recognition model for fine-grained attributes of clothing has significant business prospects and social implications. However, the inherent diversity and complexity of clothing makes acquiring datasets with fine-grained attributes a costly endeavor. To address these challenges, we propose a lightweight clothing fine-grained attributes recognition model. First, the Ghost module is introduced into the CSPDarknet network to enhance the depth and expressiveness of feature learning while reducing the parameters and computational complexity. Then, the Conv module is replaced with the GSConv module in the PAFPN network to further reduce the network computational load, and the SE attention mechanism is also added to enhance the perception of key features. Finally, the Detect module is utilized to achieve effective recognition of fine-grained attributes of clothing. To evaluate the model performance, we construct a clothing dataset containing 20 fine-grained attributes. The experimental results show that the model achieves precision, recall and mAP of 76.2%, 78.9% and 81.7%. Compared to the original model, the parameters are reduced by 26.2%, and the FPS is improved by 25.4%. Our proposed model performs well on the small-scale dataset and improves its performance in resource-constrained environments, which has practical applications in clothing recommendation, virtual fitting, and personalization.
Seasonal Influenza Vaccine and Frequency of adverse events in health workers receiving two doses of AstraZeneca vaccine: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Sedaghat Masoud , Najafi Farid , Shadmani Fatemeh Khosravi , Rezaeian Shahab
Published: March 2024

Objectives Limited published study was found regarding the number of adverse reactions of the Covid-19 vaccine in relation with receiving seasonal influenza vaccine. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between receiving the seasonal influenza vaccine and the frequency of side effects of the AstraZeneca vaccine. Methods This retrospective cohort study was conducted on 780 Healthcare Workers (HWs). The interest outcome was the adverse reactions to the AstraZeneca vaccination. Generalized linear model was done to determine the relationship. Relative risk reduction (RRR) and number needed to vaccinate (NNV) indexes were also estimated. Results Majority (95.5%) of the HWs reported at least one side effect of AstraZeneca vaccine. The incidence risk ratio shows that the incidence of side effects decreased by 23% in HWs aged > 40 (compared to aged ≤ 40), 29% in male (compared to female), and 29% in the subjects who received influenza vaccine compared to people who have not received influenza vaccine. The estimation of RRR varied between 11%-69%. The NNV of influenza vaccine was 5–58 subjects. Conclusions Our findings quantitatively showed a range of risk of side effects caused by the AstraZeneca vaccine in relation to the seasonal influenza vaccine. In general, the high influenza vaccine coverage, older age, and male had a relatively protective effect against the number of side effects of the AstraZeneca vaccine.
Establishment and application of an evaluation model for table grape quality in cold region
Authors: Zhu Lei , Lv Shanshan , Wu Xin , Hu Xixi , Lang Lin , Liang Yiran , Jiang Zeyu , Wang Changyuan
Published: March 2024

To evaluate berry quality of table grapes, a total of 36 indicators of 38 table grapes cultivated in the plastic greenhouse of cold region were investigated in two consecutive years. There were 6 coreattributes, which covered appearence, texture, flavour and bioactivity factors, screened using with variability analysis, correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). And a mathematical model, Y (composite score) = 0.070 × single berry weight + 0.048 × a* + 0.113 × chewiness + 0.169 × total soluble solids+0.366 × solid-acid ratio + 0.233 × total phenolics, was established by analytical hierarchy process (AHP). In the model, the total phenolics was variable based on the edible part, which was the content in skin of thin-skin grape or the sum content in skin and pulp of thick-skin grape. According to the model, the comprehensive score of each table grape was calculated with dimensionless process of original data. The berry quality of the 38 table grapes were divided into four grades, including Grade I (0.6 to 0.75, 10 cvs.), Grade Ⅱ (0.5-0.6, 11 cvs.), Grade Ⅲ (0.4-0.5, 10 cvs.) and Grade Ⅳ (0.1-04, 7 cvs.). Through the verification of regression analysis, the fitting degreebetween the model results and sensory assessment scores was up to 0.91, confirming that the mathematical model can provide a scientific reference for the berry quality evaluation of table grapes in cold region. The results of this study would supply the foundational data for further breeding and richness of table grape resource in cold region.
CUREMA project: a further step towards malaria elimination among hard-to-reach and mobile populations
Authors: Sanna Alice , Lambert Yann , Maroto Irene Jimeno , Galindo Muriel , Plessis Lorraine , Bardon Teddy , Carboni Carlotta , Bordalo Jane , Hiwat Helene , Cairo Hedley , Musset Lise , Lazrek Yassamine , Pelleau Stephane , White Michael , Suarez-Mutis Martha , Vreden Stephen , Douine Maylis
Published: March 2024

Background: In most countries engaged on the last mile towards malaria elimination, residual transmission mainly persists among vulnerable populations represented by isolated and mobile (often cross-border) communities. These populations are sometimes involved in informal or even illegal activities. In regions with P. vivax transmission the specific biology of this parasite poses additional difficulties related to the need for a radical treatment against hypnozoites to prevent relapses. Among hard-to-reach communities, case management, a pillar of elimination strategy, is deficient: acute malaria attacks often occur in remote areas, where there is limited access to care, and smuggled drugs are often inadequately used for treatment, which typically does not include radical treatment against P. vivax. For these reasons, P.vivax circulation among these communities represents one of the main challenges for malaria elimination in many non-African countries. The aim of this article is to describe the protocol of the CUREMA study, which aims to meet the challenge of targeting malaria in hard-to-reach populations with a focus on P. vivax.
Results: CUREMA is a multi-centre, international public health intervention research project. The study population is represented by persons involved in artisanal and small-scale gold mining who are active and mobile in the Guiana Shield, deep inside the Amazon Forest. The intervention is composed of a package of actions: 1) health education; 2) targeted administration of radical treatment against P. vivax after screening against G6PD deficiency; 3) distribution of a self-testing and self-treatment kit (malakit) for malaria episodes occurring in extreme isolation. These actions are offered by community health workers at settlements and neighbourhoods (often cross-border) that represent transit and logistic bases of gold miners. The study relies on hybrid design, aiming to evaluate both the effectiveness of the intervention on malaria transmission with a pre/post quasi-experimental design, and its implementation with a mixed methods approach.
Conclusions: The purpose of this study is to experiment an intervention that addresses both P. falciparum and P. vivax malaria elimination in a mobile and isolated population and to produce results that can be transferred to many contexts facing the same challenges around the world.
Clinical Features and Immune Memory of Breakthrough Infection in Children after Age-Appropriate 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccination in Taiwan
Authors: Chen Chih-Ho , Hsu Mei-Hua , Ou-Yang Mei-Chen , Yin Chen-Ting , Li Hsin-Chieh , Su Lin-Hui , Cheng Shu-Shen , Chiu Cheng-Hsun
Published: March 2024

Purpose
As certain vaccine serotypes are still circulating within the community during the PCV13 era, we aimed to delineate the clinical features and assess the immunity following breakthrough infections in children.
Methods
101 children with culture confirmed PCV13 serotype breakthrough infection (25/101, invasive pneumococcal disease [IPD]) was identified in Taiwan in 2015-2019. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody levels, IgM+ memory B cells (MBCs), and isotype-switched immunoglobulin (sIg+) MBC specific to serotypes 3, 14, 19A were assessed prior to and one month after an additional PCV13 booster in 9 patients. A cohort of 89 previously vaccinated, healthy children were enrolled as controls.
Results
The majority (88%) of the breakthrough infection occurred in children under 7 years old. Infection by serotypes 3 and 19A increased in children aged 5–17 years in 2018-2019. The pre-booster serotype 3- and 19A-specific IgG in both children with breakthrough infection and controls were lower than the IPD protective thresholds. Breakthrough infected children showed higher geometric mean ratio in serotype-specific IgG, IgM+ MBCs and sIg+ MBC after an additional PCV13 booster, compared to the controls.
Conclusions
Most of breakthrough infections occurred in previously healthy preschool-aged children, but such infection still may occur in school-age children due to waning immunity. Breakthrough infection still may occur in school-age children due to waning immunity. Breakthrough infection enhanced the anamnestic response elicited by PCV13.
Development of the Smart Helmet for Promote and Prevent Riding Accidents: A feasibility study
Authors: Pearkao Chatkhane , Suthisopapan Puripong , Jaitieng Arunnee , Homvisetvongsa Sukuman , Wicharit Lerkiat
Published: March 2024

Introduction: The purposes of this research were to develop a smart helmet with a mechanism that stimulates the driver to recognize which vehicle is approaching, the speed levels of the vehicle while it is moving, and to assess the satisfaction and feasibility of drivers while they were using the smart helmet.
Methods: The study included a sample of 139 participants which were general people in Thailand. The research model consisted of 4 steps of research and development: research, design and development, implementation, and evaluation. The questionnaires included: general information, satisfaction, and feasibility of using a smart helmet.
Results: The study provided that males were a greater of participants (63.31%), aged between 21 and 40 years old (64.03%), higher education (73.78%), and most of the participants were university students (90.64%). The overall satisfaction with using smart helmets was high (Mean = 4.20, SD = 0.83) and an overall of the possibility of using smart helmets was very high (Mean 4.33, SD = 0.75).
Conclusions: The reflections from participants were that smart helmets can be a possibility to further develop that are highly feasible practical application devices. Moreover, the smart helmet was beneficial for riders in terms of warning functions for preventing and monitoring accidents. Nurse and health care providers may use this results to develop programs or devices that can encourage people to aware of harm on the road while riding motorcycles.
Effects of Sodium Bicarbonate Supplementation on Physical Performance and Cardiovascular Variables in Middle-aged and Elderly Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Antunes Edher Lucas , Rios Maria Luiza , Sochodolak Rafael Carlos , Nadal Jessica Mendes , Farago Paulo Vitor , Okuno Nilo Massaru
Published: March 2024

The global epidemic of diabetes mellitus (DM) presents a significant health challenge. Physical exercise is crucial in preventing and treating type 2 DM (T2DM). Supplementation with sodium bicarbonate (SB) may enhance physical performance in T2DM individuals during high-intensity protocols. This study aimed to analyze physical performance, blood glucose, and cardiovascular parameters following acute SB supplementation in middle-aged and elderly adults with T2DM. Thirteen individuals (mean age: 62.15 ± 6.90 years, BMI: 29.14 ± 4.49 kg/m2) with an average disease duration of 5.03 ± 6.64 years participated. They underwent a maximal incremental test (MIT) with either SB or a placebo, administered 60 minutes before the test. Blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and capillary blood glucose were monitored pre- and post-test. Results showed significant differences in MIT duration between the SB and placebo conditions (SB: 481 ± 116.97 seconds, placebo: 439 ± 99.92 seconds, p = 0.005), and in blood glucose levels (p = 0.0001). No significant differences were found in BP, HR, or other cardiovascular variables (p > 0.05). SB supplementation was associated with increased test duration and reduced blood glucose levels, indicating improved physical performance and fatigue reduction. These findings suggest that SB supplementation may be a safe and effective strategy for enhancing physical performance in individuals with T2DM.
Membrane-bound IL-7 Engineered TIL therapy for advanced ovarian cancer
Authors: Guo Jing , Ai Guihai , Wang Chunyan , Huang Wei , Wu Yuliang , Zhu Jihui , Shi Weihui , Luo Ning , Ding Jinye , Shuai Xueqian , Li Li , Ge Yao , Liu Chunhong , Jin Huajun , Zhao Binghui , Cheng Zhongping
Published: March 2024

Ovarian cancer lacks effective therapy. Here, we reported three metastatic ovarian cancer patients administrated with a noval TIL therapy, which was designed glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane-bound interleukin-7 (mbIL-7-GPI) to engineer TILs (mbIL-7-TIL) through piggyBac transposon system. In three advanced ovarian cancer patients, infusion of mbIL-7-TILs showed endurable toxicity and prolonged clinical response. After infusion, peripheral mbIL-7-TILs peaked around 5-7 days and then sharply decreased. We found that several clones of engineered T cell and subsequent clones of original T cells underwent significant proliferation in patient 1. Seven months post infusion, mbIL-7-TILs could be detected in tumor liquefactive necrosis of patient 2. These findings indicated that mbIL-7-TILs could efficiently home to tumor lesions and sustainably enhance antitumor immunity in situ, suggesting potent therapeutics to treat advanced OC.
Removing Image Artifacts of Wavefront Coding Technique to Improve Drone Detection
Authors: Le Kimthu , Le Vannhu
Published: March 2024

Wavefront coding is a useful technique which is employed to widen the depth of field. However, image artifacts are shown up on the restored image for asymmetric phase masks, which leads the degraded image quality. In this paper, we introduce a novel method based on the combination between the Inverse filter and the structure of Unet model to remove the image artifacts on the restored images. Another meaningfulness of this method is that the precision for drone detection will also be enhanced. The simulation will show the results for ability of drone detection by using the traditional optical system, the traditional wavefront coding and the proposed method. These results demonstrated that the combination between the Inverse filter with Unet model can be used to improve the precision of drone detecting over the big range of depth of field.
Bayesian Design for Sampling Anomalous Spatio-Temporal Data
Authors: Buchhorn Katie , Mengersen Kerrie , Santos-Fernandez Edgar , McGree James
Published: March 2024

Data collected from arrays of sensors are essential for informed decision-making in various systems. However, the presence of anomalies can compromise the accuracy and reliability of insights drawn from the collected data or information obtained via statistical analysis. This study aims to develop a robust Bayesian optimal experimental design (BOED) framework with anomaly detection methods for high-quality data collection. We introduce a general framework that involves anomaly generation, detection and error scoring when searching for an optimal design. This method is demonstrated using two comprehensive simulated case studies: the first study uses a spatial dataset, and the second uses a spatio-temporal river network dataset. As a baseline approach, we employed a commonly used prediction-based utility function based on minimising errors. Results illustrate the trade-off between predictive accuracy and anomaly detection performance for our method under various design scenarios. An optimal design robust to anomalies ensures the collection and analysis of more trustworthy data, playing a crucial role in understanding the dynamics of complex systems such as the environment, therefore enabling informed decisions in monitoring, management, and response.
Measurement of Solar Differential Rotation by Absolutely Calibrated Iodine-Cell Spectroscopy
Authors: Takeda Yoichi
Published: March 2024

The iodine-cell technique, which is known to be efficient in precisely establishing Doppler velocity shifts, was once applied by the author to measuring the solar differential rotation based on full-disk spectroscopic observations (Takeda and Ueno, 2011). However, the data reduction procedure (in simple analogy with the stellar case) adopted therein was not necessarily adequate, because specific characteristic involved with the disk-resolved Sun (i.e., center–limb variation of line strengths) was not properly taken into consideration. Therefore, this problem is revisited based on the same data but with an application of theoretical spectrum fitting, which can yield absolute heliocentric radial velocities (vobs) in a consistent manner as shown in the study of solar gravitational redshift (Takeda and Ueno, 2012). Likewise, instead of converting vobs into ω (angular velocity) at each disk point, which suffers considerable errors especially near to the meridian, ω was derived this time by applying the least squares analysis to a data set comprising vobs values at many points. This new analysis resulted in ω (deg day−1) = 13.92(±0.03) −1.69(±0.34) sin ψ2 −2.37(±0.62) sin4 ψ (ψ: heliographic latitude) along with the gravitational redshift of 675 m s−1, which are favorably compared with previous publications. In addition, how the distribution of observing points on the disk affects the result is also examined, which reveals that rotation parameters may suffer appreciable errors depending on cases.
Specification Overfitting in Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Roth Benjamin , de Araujo Pedro Henrique Luz , Xia Yuxi , Kaltenbrunner Saskia , Korab Christoph
Published: March 2024

Machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) approaches are often criticized for their inherent bias and for their lack of control, accountability, and transparency. Consequently, regulatory bodies struggle with containing this technology's potential negative side effects. High-level requirements such as fairness and robustness need to be formalized into concrete specification metrics, imperfect proxies that capture isolated aspects of the underlying requirements. Given possible trade-offs between different metrics and their vulnerability to over-optimization, integrating specification metrics in system development processes is not trivial. This paper defines specification overfitting, a scenario where systems focus excessively on specified metrics to the detriment of high-level requirements and task performance. We present an extensive literature survey to categorize how researchers propose, measure, and optimize specification metrics in several AI fields (e.g., natural language processing, computer vision, reinforcement learning). Using a keyword-based search on papers from major AI conferences and journals between 2018 and mid-2023, we identify and analyze 74 papers that propose or optimize specification metrics. We find that although most papers implicitly address specification overfitting (e.g., by reporting more than one specification metric), they rarely discuss which role specification metrics should play in system development or explicitly define the scope and assumptions behind metric formulations.
Experimental study of dynamic wetting behavior through curved microchannels with automated image analysis
Authors: Zhang Huijie , Lippert Anja , Leonhardt Ronny , Tolle Tobias , Nagel Luise , Fricke Mathis , Maric Tomislav
Published: March 2024

Preventing fluid penetration poses a challenging reliability concern in the context of power electronics, which is usually caused by unforeseen microfractures along the sealing joints. A better and more reliable product design heavily depends on the understanding of the dynamic wetting processes happening inside these complex microfractures, i.e. microchannels. A novel automated image processing procedure is proposed in this work for analyzing the moving interface and the dynamic contact angle in microchannels. In particular, the developed method is advantageous for experiments involving non-transparent samples, where extracting the fluid interface geometry poses a significant challenge. The developed method is validated with theoretical values and manual measurements and exhibits high accuracy. The implementation is made publicly available.The developed method is validated and applied to experimental investigations of forced wetting with two working fluids (water and 50 wt\% Glycerin/water mixture) in four distinct microchannels characterized by different dimensions and curvature. The comparison between the experimental results and molecular kinetic theory (MKT) reveals that the dynamic wetting behavior can be described well by MKT, even in highly curved microchannels. The dynamic wetting behavior shows a strong dependency on the channel geometry and curvature.
Breaking New Ground in Online Apparel Shopping: AI-Driven 3D Modeling from 2D Images for Precise Sizing and Fit
Authors: Nasarullah Muhammad Umair , Abbas Ghulam , Ramzan Abdullah , Perwaiz Nazia , Zahid Zunera , Bhatti Iram Tariq
Published: March 2024

This paper outlines a pioneering research endeavor focused on addressing a prevalent challenge in online clothing shopping: the quest for accurate size and fit. Our innovative approach delves into leveraging artificial intelligence-driven 3D mod-eling techniques to extract precise anthropometric measurements of the human body, utilizing straightforward hardware coupled with sophisticated image processing and computer vision methodologies. The primary objective is to craft a scalable, user-friendly application aimed at streamlining the online clothes shopping experience, eliminating uncertainties for customers and enhancing efficiency.
Our proposed methodology amalgamates two distinct anthropometric measurement techniques. Firstly, we employ feature point extraction utilizing the Medi-apipe pose estimation neural network. Additionally, a bespoke tape measurement algorithm harnesses robust image processing tools and libraries. Furthermore, ongoing research delves into employing NERF (Neural Radiance Field) and deep learning techniques to refine the accuracy of our 3D models, specifically targeting intricate measurements such as the Neck and Waist.
While extant solutions exist for deriving anthropometric measurements from photographic images, our project pioneers the use of 3D models for precise 1 measurements, potentially revolutionizing the online shopping landscape. This ongoing research endeavors to continually explore novel methodologies, striving to enhance the accuracy and usability of our application.
Chronic kidney disease and osteoporosis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: An Jiaqi , Shi Jing-xuan , Liu Xin-ze , Jiao Yuan-yuan , Tian Jing-wei , Yang Yue , Lu Hai-tao , Zhuo Li
Published: March 2024

Purpose:The study aims to assess the causal relationship between chronic kidney disease and osteoporosis through two-sample Mendelian randomization.Methods:The Chronic Kidney Disease Genetics Consortium identified specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) linked to eGFR and UACR, used as instrumental variables in a two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis. This analysis, primarily using the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method, aimed to explore the causal connections between CKD and bone health risks, specifically fractures, osteoporosis, and BMD. Data for these bone health risks were sourced from a GWAS database. Validation of results employed MR-Egger regression, weighted median estimation (WME), and weighted mode. The MR-PRESSO and MR-Egger intercept tests checked for horizontal pleiotropy in SNPs, while the Q-test and leave-one-out analysis assessed result heterogeneity.Results:IVW results (OR=1.022, 95% CI=1.009-1.035, P<0.001) and MR-Egger regression results (OR=1.023, 95% CI=1.002-1.045, P=0.034) both indicate a causal relationship between CKD and osteoporosis. IVW suggests a suggestive impact of UACR on ankle bone density (IVW: β=-0.158, 95% CI: -0.312 to 0.005, P=0.043; WME: β=-0.12, 95% CI: -0.327 to 0.017, P=0.037), but the results are not robust. No causal relationship was observed for fractures, whole-body bone density, forearm bone density, vertebral bone density, and hip neck bone density.Conclusion:Our MR analysis indicated that lower eGFR is associated with osteoporosis (OP). Although CKD potentially affects skeletal health and may causally link to OP, current evidence is insufficient to confirm its genetic impact on fractures and bone density. Additional analysis with more cases is needed.
The Role of SOX 2 Gene in Cervical Cancer: Focus on Iron Death and Construct a Predictive Model
Authors: Liu Shenping , Wei Zhi , Ding Huiqing
Published: March 2024

Background
The intricate interplay between stemness markers and cell death pathways significantly influences the pathophysiology of cervical cancer. SOX2, a pivotal regulator of stem cell pluripotency, has recently been implicated in the modulation of ferroptosis, a specialized form of iron-dependent cell death, in cancer dynamics. This study delineates the role of SOX2 in the ferroptotic landscape of cervical carcinoma.
Objective
To delineate the association between SOX2 expression and ferroptosis in cervical cancer and develop a robust, SOX2-centric predictive model for patient prognosis, enhancing personalized therapeutic approaches.
Methods
A multi-dimensional approach integrating advanced bioinformatics, comprehensive molecular profiling, and state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms was employed to assess SOX2 expression patterns and their correlation with ferroptotic markers in cervical cancer tissues. The prognostic model was meticulously crafted, incorporating SOX2 expression levels and ferroptosis indicators.
Results
The investigation unveiled a profound and intricate correlation between SOX2 expression and ferroptotic processes in cervical cancer, substantiated by robust molecular evidence. The developed predictive model, underpinned by SOX2 expression, exhibited superior predictive accuracy for patient prognosis, potentially guiding therapeutic decision-making.
Conclusion
This study underscores the critical role of SOX2 in orchestrating the ferroptotic pathway in cervical cancer, presenting a novel prognostic framework. The SOX2-centric predictive model emerges as a significant advancement in prognostic evaluation, offering a gateway to precision oncology in the realm of gynecologic oncology.
Broiler mesenchymal stem cells and curcumin: Evaluation of curcumin differentiation potential on broiler adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Golroodbari Pooya Jahandideh , Ziabari Mina Salkhordeh , Goushki Mehdi Amiri , Bos-hagh Somayeh , Mahdavi Fatemeh Sadat , Sharifi Seyed Davood , Khodaei-Motlagh Mahdi , Rafeie Farjad , Rahimi Amin , Seyedjafari Ehsan , Mohammadi-Sangcheshmeh Abdollah
Published: March 2024

Excessive body fat deposition is poultry production challenge. Curcumin impact on inhibiting fatty acid biosynthesis and increasing glycogen synthesis, were evaluated in different researches. So, the current study aims to identify the effect of curcumin on broiler stem cells differentiation. Isolated cells were cultured for 4–7 days and the growth pattern was evaluated. To investigate curcumin impact, the cells in passage 2 were treated and compared with basal differentiation medium and curcumin in the concentration of 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 µM in 11 days; furthermore, the MTT assay was done to evaluate curcumin toxify. The osteogenic differentiation was assayed by calculating calcium deposition, alkaline phosphatase activity, and the expression of osteogenic markers (RUNIX 2, COL-1, ALP) and the Alizarin Red S staining method. And for adipogenic differentiation, expression of related gene markers (PPARγ, FABP4) and Oil Red O staining was used. The MTT result indicated that curcumin has no toxic effect (p < 0.05). Furthermore, curcumin showed a higher (p < 0.05) alkaline phosphatase activity and more (p < 0.05) calcium content and the expression of the corresponding gene increased (p < 0.05), while prevents adipogenic differentiation (p < 0.05). This information demonstrates that curcumin causes osteogenic differentiation and prevent stem cells from differentiating to adipose cells.
Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the General Movement checklist
Authors: Salazar-Díaz Daniela E , Viñals-Labañino Carlos P. , Balderas-Campos Marcela , Alvarado-Solorio Elsa , Arenas-Sordo María L.
Published: March 2024

Background.
The General Movement checklist, recently developed by Aizawa et al. is an alternative, accessible, and affordable tool for usage by health care professionals who are not certified or trained in Prechtl's General Movement Assessment.
Aim
To validate of the Spanish version of the General Movement checklist in preterm and full-term Mexican children and to evaluate its reliability, content, criterion and predictive validity.
Methods
Observational, cross-sectional, descriptive study. Videos of preterm and term infants at high neurological risk were included. The inter- and intraobserver reliability of the General Movement checklist in its original version was analysed. Translation and cross-cultural adaptation to Spanish were performed, following international guidelines. Content, criterion and predictive validity were determined using the General Movement Optimality Score-Revised (GMOS-R) and the clinical diagnosis at 2 years corrected age. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to identify the cut-off points on the General Movement checklist.
Results
The reliability of the instrument was very good. According to the experts, the content validity of the Spanish versión of the instrument was good. A total of 105 videos were evaluated using the Spanish version of the instrument. High sensitivity and specificity were obtained when comparing the results with the GMOS-R and clinical diagnosis and a cut-off point of 10 was determined.
Conclusions
The Spanish version of the General Movement checklist is a reliable and valid instrument for its use in the Mexican population and it could also be used in some other Spanish-speaking populations,
The Impact of Technological Innovation on the Spatial Agglomeration Effect of China's Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Industry: an Empirical study based on a semi Parametric Spatial Lag Model
Authors: Zhang Xinduo , Wang Jiaxin , Fu Shuyong
Published: March 2024

The purpose is to explore the relationship between technological innovation and industrial development in China's pharmaceutical manufacturing industry. The method is to use the panel data of 29 provinces in China from 2009 to 2021 based on the semi-parametric spatial lag model. The results show that the industrial development of the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry has a significant negative spatial spillover effect, and the coefficient is -0.104 in the semi-parametric spatial lag model. The technological innovation of the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry has a nonlinear influence on its industrial development, and the marginal effect of the two shows a inhibitor-promotion-inhibitor-promotion-inhibition fluctuation relationship. The conclusion is that we should promote the communication and cooperation between the regions with relatively weak technological innovation and the regions with strong technological innovation. Promote domestic leading pharmaceutical enterprises to increase investment in research and development of innovative drugs in order to participate in international competition.
Promotion of trust through the advertising message during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Authors: Antonicelli Margaret , D'Uggento Angela Maria , Marin Claudia
Published: March 2024

Researchers have increasingly focused on social media as a valuable source of data production to capture and analyze people's opinions on various topics. When extreme events occur, netizens can quickly spread opinions online, generating an impact that can have both positive and negative implications. Twitter is one such platform that allows people to learn about events and facts happening in the world, including epidemics, and express their opinions. Therefore, governments, companies and other organizations to learn about public sentiment and respond with institutional messages or emotional support can use social media. During the Covid-19 pandemic, many companies have used television commercials to instill trust and hope in individuals, especially in families, promoting solidarity and brotherhood, while keeping the brand in the background. This article aims to define an evaluation metric to measure the effectiveness of the advertising change of large brands using a corpus of 20,982 tweets, using indicators created following results obtained from sentiment analysis. Our findings suggest that internet users experienced a sense of belonging and appreciation during lockdown, as well as a positive attitude towards television advertising that was previously perceived as disruptive.
Cardiogenic Shock in Puerperal Patient: Uncommon Immunological Complication a Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Marenco Mario López , Mercado David , Montoya-Rodríguez Arlin
Published: March 2024

A 34-year-old woman with a history of chronic hypertension and two previous cesarean sections presented with symptoms of preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction in her 35th week of pregnancy. The condition progressed to preterm labor, resulting in an emergency cesarean section. Two weeks postpartum, she developed fever, dyspnea, and joint pain. Investigation revealed cardiomegaly, pulmonary edema, and severe ventricular dysfunction. Laboratory tests confirmed autoimmune markers consistent with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). She was diagnosed with acute myocarditis related to SLE/APS and managed with inotropic support, diuretics and immunosuppression. Left ventricular function improved, and she was discharged with ongoing rheumatologic follow-up. This case highlights the complex interplay between peripartum complications, autoimmune diseases, and cardiac involvement, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and multidisciplinary management.
NeuDen: A Framework for the Integration of Neuromorphic Evolving Spiking Neural Networks with Dynamic Evolving Neuro-Fuzzy Systems for Predictive and Explainable Modelling of Streaming Data
Authors: AbouHassan Iman , Kasabov Nikola
Published: March 2024

This paper introduces a novel framework, called here 'NeuDen' for the integration of neuromorphic evolving spiking neural networks (eSNN), that learn efficiently multiple time series in their temporal association and interaction, with dynamic evolving neuro-fuzzy systems (deNFS), that learn incrementally extracted from the eSNN feature vectors, to predict future time-series values and to produce interpretable fuzzy rules. The new framework aims to make the best out of the dominant features of the two types of models. First, spike-time-dependent plasticity (STDP) learning is used in SNN to learn temporal interaction between multiple time series, connected to a dynamic eSNN (deSNN) as a regressor/classifier. Then, feature-vectors are extracted from the trained deSNN for further learning, fuzzy inference and rule extraction in a deNFS, here exemplified by DENFIS, resulting in an accurate prediction results and explainable dynamic fuzzy rules. The NeuDen, framework and model, overcomes both the explainability problems of eSNN and the limitations of deNFS to model multiple streaming time series in their temporal interaction. NeuDen surpasses both deSNN and DENFIS by providing multiple regression models and achieving higher accuracy. NeuDen is demonstrated on bench mark data and on financial and economic time series, achieving from 3 to 100 times smaller RMSE when compared with other evolving systems. The proposed framework opens a new direction for the development of more efficient evolving systems by integrating eSNN with other methods, such as other neuro-fuzzy systems, deep neural networks and quantum classifiers for specific applications.
An Overview of Contemporary and Future Therapeutic Strategies for
Scalp Psoriasis
Authors: Soni Bindu , Shivgotra Riya , Trehan Karan , Chhina Aashveen , Saini Muskaan , Jain Subheet Kumar , Thakur Shubham
Published: March 2024

Scalp psoriasis is a common manifestation of psoriasis that significantly impacts a patient's
quality of life. About 80% of cases of psoriasis involve the scalp, making it the most frequently
affected area of the body. The treatment of scalp psoriasis is particularly crucial because
of its hard-to-treat nature and substantial adverse impacts on overall well-being. Along with the
physical symptoms of discomfort and itching, psoriasis, especially when it affects the scalp, can
cause severe psychological damage. Treating scalp psoriasis can be challenging due to its location
and associated symptoms, such as scaling and pruritus, which is why various drugs have become
widely used for refractory cases. Topical treatments like corticosteroids and vitamin D analogs manage
scalp psoriasis by reducing inflammation and regulating skin cell growth. Tar-based shampoos,
salicylic acid solutions, and moisturizers control scaling. Phototherapy with UVB light reduces
inflammation. Severe cases may require systemic medications such as oral retinoids and immunosuppressants.
While various therapies are accessible for scalp psoriasis, concerns arise due
to their limited advantages and the absence of controlled studies assessing their effectiveness. Considering
these challenges, there is a clear demand for innovative approaches to address this condition
effectively. Recent advancements in topical therapies, phototherapy, systemic agents, and
complementary therapies have shown promising results in managing scalp psoriasis. Also, the advent
of biologics, specifically anti-IL-17 and anti-IL-23 drugs for scalp psoriasis, has seen significant
improvements. The review highlights the lack of well-tolerated and effective treatments for
scalp psoriasis and underscores the importance of further research in this area. The objective of
this review is to clarify the different treatment options currently available or being investigated in
clinical trials for managing scalp psoriasis.
Synthetic Strategies of Thiazolidine-2,4-dione Derivatives for the
Development of New Anti-diabetic Agents: Compressive Review
Authors: Ray Pushkar Kumar , Shabana Km , Salahuddin  , Kumar Rajnish
Published: March 2024

Background:

Thiazolidine-2,4-dione (2,4-TZD) is a flexible pharmacophore and a privileged platform and contains a five-membered ring with a 2-oxygen atom with double bond 2,4- position and one nitrogen atom as well as sulphur containing in the heterocyclic compound. A famous electron-rich nitrogen transporter combines invigorating electronic properties with the prospective for elemental applications. Thiazolidine-2,4-dione analogues have been synthesized using a variety of methods, all of which have shown to have a strong biological effect.

Objective:

The study of the biological activity of Thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives has been a fascinating field of pharmaceutical chemistry and has many purposes. This derivative described in the literature between 1995 to 2023 was the focus of this study. Thiazolidine-2,4-diones have been discussed in terms of their introduction, general method, synthetic scheme and antidiabetic significance in the current review.

Conclusion:

Thiazolidine-2,4-diones are well-known heterocyclic compounds. The synthesis of Thiazolidine-2,4-diones has been described using a variety of methods. Antidiabetic activity has been discovered in several Thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives, which enhance further research. The use of Thiazolidine-2,4-diones to treat antidiabetics has piqued researchers' interest in learn-ing more about Thiazolidine-2,4-diones.
The Value of Nerve Ultrasound to Diagnose and Follow Up the Multifocal
Neurolyphomatosis in the Upper Limb---- Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Zhuang Nan , Xie Lu , Liu Dongsheng , Xie HaiQin
Published: March 2024

Introduction::

Neurolymphomatosis (NL) is a rare disease. Ultrasound (US) plays a crucial role in diagnosing and following up the NL.

Case Presentation::

A 59-year-old man was hospitalized with acute pain in the left upper extremity. Ultrasound revealed segmental swelling of multiple nerves around
his left elbow with abundant blood flow signals. Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) showed a rapid, complete and homogenous enhancement
in the nerve lesions in the early arterial phase. The NL was confirmed by imaging and flow cytometry, and he accepted chemotherapy. The posttherapeutic
ultrasound showed that the nerves in the left upper limb were basically normal. Unfortunately, the patient died of cerebral metastasis in
5 months.

Conclusion::

The nerve US and CEUS can show specific manifestations and provide more diagnostic information about NL.
Bee Venom Toxic Effect on MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells and Caenorhabditis
Elegans
Authors: Barros Yáskara Veruska Ribeiro , de Andrade Amanda Onduras , da Silva Larissa Pereira Dantas , Pedroza Lucas Aleixo Leal , Bezerra Iverson Conrado , Cavalcanti Iago Dillion Lima , de Britto Lira Nogueira Mariane Cajuba , Mousinho Kristiana Cerqueira , Antoniolli Angelo Roberto , Alves Luiz Carlos , de Lima Filho José Luiz , Moura Alexandre Varão , Rosini Silva Álex Aparecido , de Melo Porcari Andréia , Gubert Priscila
Published: March 2024

Introduction:

Bee venom has therapeutics and pharmacological properties. Further toxicological studies
on animal models are necessary due to the severe allergic reactions caused by this product.

Method:

Here, Caenorhabditis elegans was used as an in vivo toxicity model, while breast cancer cells were
used to evaluate the pharmacological benefits. The bee venom utilized in this research was collected from Apis
mellifera species found in Northeast Brazil. The cytotoxicity caused by bee venom was measured by MTT assay
on MDA-MB-231 and J774 A.1 cells during 24 - 72 hours of exposure. C. elegans at the L4 larval stage were
exposed for three hours to M9 buffer or bee venom. Survival, behavioral parameters, reproduction, DAF-16 transcription
factor translocation, the expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and metabolomics were analyzed.
Bee venom suppressed the growth of MDA-MB-231 cancer cells and exhibited cytotoxic effects on macrophages.
Also, decreased C. elegans survival impacted its behaviors by decreasing C. elegans feeding behavior, movement,
and reproduction.

Results:

Bee venom did not increase the expression of SOD-3, but it enhanced DAF-16 translocation from the
cytoplasm to the nucleus. C. elegans metabolites differed after bee venom exposure, primarily related to aminoacyl-
tRNA biosynthesis, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, and sphingolipid and purine metabolic pathways.
Our findings indicate that exposure to bee venom resulted in harmful effects on the cells and animal models
examined.

Conclusion:

Thus, due to its potential toxic effect and induction of allergic reactions, using bee venom as a therapeutic
approach has been limited. The development of controlled-release drug strategies to improve this natural
product's efficacy and safety should be intensified.