bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Collaborationism as an object of criminological research
Authors: Dzhuzha Oleksandr , Vasylevych Vitalii , Tychyna Dmytro
Published: August 2023

With the onset of the war initiated by the Russian Federation against Ukraine, collaborationist activity has become a matter of national security for the country. Collaborationist activity, which involves cooperation or assistance to another country or organisation, can have an impact on the national security of a country, including armed or cyber influence, influence on information flows, and citizen safety. The purpose of this study is to identify the dynamics of changes and distinguish collaborationist activity from other types of criminal offences within the context of criminology and criminal law in Ukraine. The research methods used in this study included analysis and synthesis, which were used to identify pertinent issues in society that arise during the process of identifying the criminal activity of collaborators. Methods of historical analysis, specification, and classification are applied. The main methods used in the study were the analysis and synthesis of scientific and theoretical materials and legal norms. Collaborationism in the context of international law is defined. The main acts in the field of international humanitarian law that define the legal status of populations in occupied territories are analysed. Based on key characteristics, various types of criminal activity are identified. The issue of the need to improve criminal law norms, the definition of crime, and the responsibility for collaborationist activity are addressed. The study explored the issue of collaborationism in Ukraine, which emerged as a result of the armed aggression of the Russian Federation. An analysis of the changes made to the Ukrainian Criminal Code regarding the definition of the crime related to collaborationist activity and the responsibility for such actions is conducted. The dynamics of court verdicts over the past year concerning the application of the criminal code provision in real time is summarised. The practical value of this study lies in the fact that identifying current problems and their resolution methods will enhance the effectiveness of law enforcement activities in detecting individuals engaged in collaborationist activity and holding them accountable. This, in turn, will contribute to reducing the level of criminality in this sphere
Energy security principles: Legal nature, classification and modernisation
Authors: Ostudimov Bogdan , Kaminska Nataliіa
Published: August 2023

The research relevance is predetermined by the need to study the key fundamentals of the energy security system at the international and national levels. Among the urgent issues caused by the challenges and threats of modern life, primarily due to the full-scale invasion and aggression of Russia against Ukraine, the provision of energy security, principles, legal, organisational, and other foundations, implementation mechanisms, and corresponding guarantees are singled out. The purpose of the research is to carry out a general theoretical comprehensive analysis of the principles of ensuring energy security, their typology, and justification of the need for modernisation. The research uses a complex of scientific methods: epistemological, phenomenological, statistical, modeling and forecasting, formal-legal, comparative-legal, historical-legal, etc., as well as an anthropological approach. The study comprehensively highlights the essence and features of the principles of ensuring energy security, taking into account the interdisciplinary, cross-industry nature of the process of ensuring energy security. Based on available doctrinal and regulatory legal sources, the concept and legal essence of the principles of law, and principles of ensuring energy security were analysed; the author’s vision of the criteria for the classification of the latter is substantiated, their varieties, the legislative basis of regulation and implementation, problems on this path and directions for their solution are considered. The terminological uncertainty, a certain non-systematic and inconsistency of the state energy policy of Ukraine, its organizational and legal foundations, and implementation mechanisms were noted. Therefore, the practical significance of the publication lies in the typology of the principles of ensuring energy security, the demarcation of the principles of energy policy of Ukraine, the principles of implementation of state policy in the sphere of energy security, the main fundamental principles of the strategy of cooperation in the energy sphere, etc. It is natural to modernise the existing principles of ensuring energy security, increase their efficiency, and strengthen the energy independence of the Ukrainian state, primarily in the conditions of the legal regime of martial law and post-war peacebuilding, cooperation in the field of energy and energy efficiency
Architectural-archaeological research and the hypothesis of the development of pre-local Drohobych in the XII-XIII centuries
Authors: Lukomskyi Yurii
Published: August 2023

Architectural and archaeological studies of preserved architectural monuments emphasise the continuity of development, succession, and originality of the culture of each nation. The research aims to highlight the results of architectural and archaeological surveys at the foundations of the wooden architectural monument - the Church of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross in Drohobych, as well as to develop the hypothesis of the city's urban genesis. According to the analysis of literary sources, seven construction periods have been identified since the church was built in 1613. The sounding method showed that the first foundations were standards, which were installed in pits on the cut surface of the continent, often with stone slabs, and covered with soil. The system of double slabs fixed under the altar crown of the log house is considered archaic. During the third and fourth construction periods, some of the stands were replaced, and a stone foundation supported by a wide base of slabs was built under the northwestern corner of the main log cabin. In 1823, the altar log cabin and the southern façade of the building were supported by a ribbon structure of stone foundations. No banded foundations were found under the western base of the chancel and the northern base of the nave. The lower gallery of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries is supported by a system of foundations and smaller stands. Within the fourth probe, a deep archaeological site was localised with a ceramic sherd in the fill dating to the princely period. The analysis of several features and stratigraphic features of the fill gives grounds to interpret the object as the remains of a semi-hut of this period. Based on the location of the first immovable object, an attempt is made to clarify one of the hypotheses of the urban development of Drohobych from the unfortified initial settlement of salt workers on the right bank of the Pobuk in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, through its gradual development into a proto-city settlement of the thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries in the present Zvarytske suburb to the foundation of a new locational centre in the fourteenth/fifteenth centuries on the free adjacent territory
Green space and planning structure optimisation ways in parks and monuments of landscape architecture
Authors: Lukashchuk Halyna , Onufriv Iaryna , Tupis Stepan
Published: August 2023

Renovation of urban space is not possible without new approaches to the formation of green spaces of the landscape gardening heritage. In restoring parks-monuments of landscape art, simultaneous consideration of ecological and biological foundations, preservation of the historical structure of plantations and landscape planning framework, as well as meeting the modern needs of users of these spaces is an important issue. The research aims to formulate practical recommendations on the main ways to optimise the planning structure and green spaces, as well as means of protecting biodiversity in parks and monuments of landscape art. The study used general scientific methods (analysis and synthesis, field research) and special methods (dendrological, cartographic, historical, and architectural analysis, and computer methods for processing graphic data). During the pre-project stage of the study, the prerequisites for the formation of Zhovtnevyi Park in the structure of the Chernivtsi landscape were identified. A list and description of typical plant species typical for the area were provided. In addition, the pre-project study analysed conflicts in the park, which were divided into the following main groups: transport and pedestrian, functional, natural, anthropogenic, and visual. The interconnection of different types of conflicts and their impact on the conservation of biodiversity of green spaces in the park was revealed. As a result, new elements of the planning structure have been formed that improve the landscape-spatial organisation of the park's territory and contribute to the optimisation of green spaces. The project developed and analysed in this study has selected an assortment of plants that enrich the biodiversity of park plantings and can be used in the design of other urban parks. The example of the project for the maintenance and reconstruction of Zhovtnevyi Park in Chernivtsi demonstrates practical planning approaches and recommendations aimed at maximising the preservation of the natural landscape and enhancing its functional and artistic features
Construction and development of corporate knowledge in modern conditions
Authors: Zakharchyn Halyna , Sytnyk Yosyf
Published: August 2023

The study deals with issues related to the construction and development of corporate knowledge in modern conditions caused by transformational processes in the socio-economic sphere of Ukraine conditioned by the war and other challenges that stimulate the need for new knowledge. The need for rapid response to these requests actualises in theoretical and applied terms the definition of the subject segment of new knowledge and its use. The purpose of the study is to highlight the features of construction and the necessity of developing corporate knowledge in modern conditions. To achieve this goal, the study uses the following methods: analysis, synthesis, system method, combinational grouping, modelling, and statistical method. As a result of the study, the need for new corporate knowledge is generalised and the following main groups are identified: knowledge on reorientation of the labour market through war; on security activities; related to mental health and emotional stability; related to the skills of psychological adaptation and flexibility in war conditions; knowledge on the strategy of change, and their characteristics are given. It is proved that new corporate knowledge acquired during the war changes the labour market and reorients the current business processes, social processes, communication and worldview processes in various types of economic activity, which requires a revision of the principles of corporate knowledge construction. As a result of the research, a model of the life cycle of corporate knowledge management was created, the use of which will increase the efficiency of knowledge exchange and the use of intellectual resources, and the process of constructing corporate knowledge based on the factor of intellectual culture was proposed. The conclusions obtained from the results of the study are of applied value and can be useful for representatives of business, the public sector, educational and scientific institutions in developing strategies for change and development and forecasting trends in order to improve and update the corporate knowledge base
SCREENING HERBICIDES FOR THE CONTROL OF DAVALLIA DENTICULATA
Authors:   GENETIC & AGRICULTURE (G&A) RESEARCH CENTRE, CHEONG YEW LOONG , MANULLANG WENTRICHO , SAW ENG KEONG , OOI LING HOAK , LIM TEONG KWEE
Published: August 2023

A weed control trial was carried out in an oil palm planting on peat soil to evaluate the efficacy of several herbicides against Davallia denticulata. Results from 13 weeks’ evaluation showed that tank-mix of 75 ml glufosinate ammonium 15% w/v plus 2.22 g saflufenacil 70% w/w in 10 L water, tank-mix of 50 ml triclopyr BEE 67.0% w/v plus 3 g saflufenacil 70% w/w in 10 L water and tank-mix 15 g metsulfuron-methyl 20% w/w plus 4 g saflufenacil 70% w/w in 10 L water were effective against the weed with more than 90 per cent control when the trial was terminated at the thirteenth week after treatment. Keywords: Davallia denticulata, weed management, saflufenacil
USE OF BETOR FOR IN-FIELD CROP COLLECTION AND SEMI-MACHANISED UPKEEP WORKS IN AN OIL PALM ESTATE: A CASE STUDY AT PT LNK, MEDAN INDONESIA
Authors: JAYA RAJ B
Published: August 2023

Betor is a combination of traditional rick-shaw with a motorcycle. It is widely used in PT LNK for in-field collection of fresh fruit bunches (FFB). It improved the harvester’s productivity by 43 per cent when compared with the usage of conventional wheel barrow. In addition to crop evacuation operations, the betor can also be modified and used for semi-mechanised pest and disease (P&D) spraying and palm circle spraying in immature fields. The semi-mechanised spraying of P&D using betor improved labour productivity by 150 per cent and reduced the cost per hectare by 35 per cent when compared with conventional knapsack spraying. For palm circle weeding, the semi-mechanised betor system resulted in a 32 per cent increase in worker’s productivity and concomitantly reduction of cost by 9 per cent when compared with the conventional knapsack spraying. Betor is the preferred choice by estates and smallholders for in-field crop collection and upkeep works due to its low cost and ease of implementation. Keywords: Betor, in-field crop collection, pest and disease spraying, palm circle spraying.
IMPACT OF PROLONGED DRY PERIOD ON OIL PALM YIELD AND MILL EXTRACTION RATIO: A CASE STUDY
Authors:   ASIAN AGRI GROUP R&D CENTRE, SIDHU MANJIT , AZIZ ABDUL , SINURAYA ZULKASTA , SHARMA MUKESH
Published: August 2023

Based on current trends in climate change, El Nino and La Nina events are likely to become more frequent, with the former having a more significant negative impact on oil palm growth and production. Since 1980, ten El Nino events or prolonged dry periods have been recorded in Indonesia, of which three and five events have been categorised as severe and moderate, respectively. The most severe of the three El Nino events occurred in 1997, followed by a more recent one in 2015. This paper is a case study which examines the impact of the 2015 El Nino event on the fresh fruit bunch (FFB) production of two generations of oil palms planted in two neighbouring estates and oil extraction ratios (OER) of a mill receiving crop from the latter two estates. Four consecutive months of low rainfall in 2015, resulted in annual water deficits of 280 - 313 mm, which was followed by a decline in FFB production over two distinct periods i.e. 4 to 12 months and 24 to 30 months after the El Nino event, respectively. In both cases, a sharp decline in the number of harvestable bunches was the main contributing factor, likely to be due to an increase in inflorescence abortion and lowering of inflorescence sex-ratio. Average bunch weight (ABW) generally remained unaffected. The initial impact of the drought was more severe on the younger palms, but due to a better recovery rate, the overall yield decline (23%) over a 12-month period in the following year, was significantly lower than in older palms (30%). Analysis of 14 years’ yield and climatic data showed that apart from rainfall, other abiotic and biotic factors such as fruiting activity may also be contributing to the 3-year production cycles (peak crop, decline, recovery, peak crop) exhibited by both estates. As such, it was difficult to accurately apportion yield decline primarily due to water deficit from the other influencing factors. The study also indicated a negative effect of drought on mill OER. Extended dry periods in 2015 (4 months) and 2019 (4 months) were consistently correlated with periods of declining OER, 7 to 14 months later. Like FFB, the prolonged decline could also be attributed to multiple factors. Keywords: El Nino, oil palm, OER, rainfall, water deficit.
GLASSHOUSE EVALUATION ON THE EFFICACY OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS (BT) AGAINST BAGWORM, METISA PLANA AND NON-TARGET EFFECT ON OIL PLAM POLLINATOR, ELAEIDOBIUS KAMERUNICUS (FAUST)
Authors:   FGV R&D SDN BHD, RASHID YUSDAYATI , ZAINAL ABIDIN CIK MOHD RIZUAN , THEN KEK HO , HAMID NOOR HISHAM
Published: August 2023

Evaluations on the performance of selected bioinsecticides and recommended chemical insecticides to suppress the bagworm, Metisa plana (Walker) infesting oil palm, were carried out in a glasshouse environment. The results showed that a series of biological products using Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is effective in killing 80 per cent of bagworm larvae within 7 to 15 days after application (DAA). Among the biological products, the Bt1 product showed the highest efficacy, killing 99.72 per cent of the bagworm population at 7 DAA. Although slow in reacting, Bt products were highly toxic to the adults, and less effective on the emergence of pollinator weevil,Elaeidobius kamerunicus (Faust). The chemical insecticide, cypermethrin was the most effective compared to all other treatments (p<0.05), killing 100 per cent of the bagworm larvae in only 3 DAA. All non-Bt based insecticides, including cypermethrin, were toxic to both adults and emergence of the weevils. There was no significant difference in the number of adult emergence between the non-treated (control) and Bt-insecticides, but significantly was lower when treated with other insecticides (F= 93.75 p<0.05). Based on its high performance, the biopesticide Bt1 product has a higher potential to be tested in the field for integrated leaf-eating caterpillar management programme. To ensure consistency in their efficacy, these bio-insecticides need further evaluation in large-scale trials, especially in oil palm fields infested with bagworms in epidemic proportions. Keywords: Bagworms, Bacillus thuringiensis, non-target effect, pollinator, oil palm
Current Status and Response Strategies of Tourism Accommodation Industry in accordance with COVID-19
Authors:   Korea Integrated Resort Forum, Lee Yeong-Ah
Published: August 2023

Purpose: This research aims to extend our understanding of the current status and response strategies of tourism accommodation industry in accordance with COVID-19. Method: This study investigated the impact of COVID-19 on the tourism accommodation industry, cases of response to COVID-19, and marketing strategies through literature. Results: It was confirmed that sales of hotels and condominiums overall declined as the number of tourists plummeted due to the social distancing policy of the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: In order to respond to COVID-19, tourism accommodation industry attracted customers by providing various products and services with promotion and marketing strategies using keywords such as Untact, Wellness, Value, and Hygiene. Interdisciplinary Research Implications: This paper is a discussion of the current status and prospects of tourism accommodation industry in accordance with COVID-19, and interdisciplinary research with the field of physical education will be able to examine the impact of COVID-19 on non-face-to-face services in the sports field.
Calculation, Deposit, Reporting and Recording of VAT Accounting With E-Invoice On PT. Cipta Medika Indonesia
Authors: Gunawan Enggun , Pramesti Regita Adhia
Published: August 2023

VAT is a single tax that will be imposed on all transactions, both sales and purchases of goods and services that take place in Indonesia at a single rate as of April 2022, which is 11%. VAT is charged to individual taxpayers or business entities that obtain the status of a Taxable Entrepreneur (PKP). VAT and PPnBm have the same legal basis, namely Law Number 42 of 2009, which has been replaced or revoked by Law Number 7 of 2021 concerning Harmonization of Taxes. The purpose of this study is to find out how to calculate, deposit, report and record VAT with e-Faktur at PT Cipta Medika Indonesia. The data collection technique used is by using observation and interview methods. The data taken is real based on what is in the company. The results of this study indicate that calculating, depositing, reporting and accounting records VAT  through the e-Faktur  applications are very helpful and facilitate the process from accounting records to reporting at PT Cipta Medika Indonesia.
Impacted Supernumerary Mandibular ‘Distomolar’ – An unique identification Tool in Forensic Crime Investigation
Authors: Mohanlal Bhavik A , Konatham Prashanth x Haribabu , Verma Minaal , Vij Akshay , Fuszner Charles D
Published: August 2023

A supernumerary tooth is an odonto-stomatologic anomaly which is characterized by an excess number of teeth that are present compared to what is expected in the normal dentition. The prevalence rates of supernumerary teeth, reported in literature, varybetween 0.1% to 3.8% of the general population, and are seen more commonly in the permanent dentition.  Due to this rarity,supernumerary teeth can be a useful tool in forensic odontology particularly focusing on identification and sorting of individuals both clinically and radiological assessment in forensic evaluation.
Mechanisms of achieving sustainable micrologistics system functioning
Authors: Melnykova Kateryna
Published: August 2023

At the current stage of development of the world and Ukrainian economy, which is characterized by a high level of instability of economic processes, the development of a scientific basis for preventing a negative impact on the sustainable functioning of micrologistics systems becomes an urgent task. The purpose of the study was to generalize the factors influencing the sustainable functioning of the micrologistic system and mechanisms to prevent the instability of its functioning in the future. The main research methods were: bibliometric analysis, generalization, analysis and synthesis. It was established that the sustainable functioning of the micrologistic system is the preservation and improvement of the main indicators of economic, organizational, managerial, production, logistic, technical and financial activities using a systematic approach to the management of the logistics system and under the influence of macroenvironmental factors. The system of factors for assessing the sustainability of the functioning of the micrologistics system is typified by such types of sustainability as managerial, production, market, financial and economic, innovative, investment, personnel, ecological ones. The value of the work consists in determining the factors of the internal environment that depend on the strategy of the logistics system itself; they include: management, financial, personnel, marketing, technological, innovation and logistics factors. In order to prevent the instability of the functioning of micrologistics systems, it is proposed to carry out a general comprehensive diagnosis of the entire system, namely the analysis of all business processes, the analysis of the main financial and economic performance indicators, the determination of negative factors and indicators and their sources of occurrence. The results of the research can be implemented in the activities of micrologistics systems, namely manufacturing enterprises, trading companies, logistics centres and companies engaged in logistics activities
O Instituto Adolfo Lutz na pandemia COVID-19: Experiência no diagnóstico molecular e vigilância de SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Caterino-de-Araujo Adele
Published: August 2023

Este trabalho descreve os ensaios de rotina e as pesquisas realizadas no Instituto Adolfo Lutz (IAL), durante a pandemia de COVID-19, relacionadas ao diagnóstico molecular da Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). É apresentada a partícula viral, seu genoma e os ensaios e kits utilizados durante o período, contextualizando seu uso e apontando os de melhor desempenho e custo-efetividade. Ademais, destaca as pesquisas relacionadas à utilização de material biológico obtido de gargarejo, saliva, urina e tecidos. Por meio de sequenciamento de nova geração, descreve as variantes virais encontradas no estado de São Paulo e depositadas no Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID) ao longo do tempo, dando ênfase às variantes de interesse (variant of interest, VOI) e de atenção (variant of concern, VOC). Apresenta estudos sobre: técnica de sequenciamento SANGER da região S (spike) do genoma viral, útil na triagem de VOI e VOC; predição de estrutura terciária, estabilidade e flexibilidade da proteína, com ênfase à região de ligação do vírus ao seu receptor na célula hospedeira na variante P.1; e casos de possível “falha vacinal” relacionados à idade, tipo/local de trabalho e de residência, e a variante viral infectante. Além disso, menciona e discute os Boletins de Monitoramento de SARS-CoV-2, Vigilância Epigenômica, emitidos regularmente pela Instituição, onde é possível acompanhar o surgimento de variantes virais identificadas em cada um dos 17 Departamentos Regionais de Saúde do estado de São Paulo. Por fim, apresenta a relação das pessoas envolvidas direta ou indiretamente na força-tarefa COVID-19 do IAL.
Segregação espacial de Aedes aegypti e Aedes albopictus, estado de São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Leandro Nunes Serpa Lígia , Laurindo Barbosa Gerson , De Brito Arduino Marylene , Roberto Andrade Valmir , Cesar Voltolini Júlio , Luna Castor de Lima Virgília , Rita Alvarenga Monteiro Marques Gisela
Published: August 2023

Mudanças no padrão de distribuição espacial de Aedes aegypti e Aedes albopictus, ocorrem devido a diferentes fatores, dentre eles a interação negativa. Objetivou-se analisar e descrever o padrão de distribuição de ovos dessas espécies. Em ambiente urbano do município de São Sebastião, 80 ovitrampas foram expostas por quatro dias/ mês, durante 18 meses, em 40 residências urbanas, de 20 quarteirões, obtidos por sorteio sistemático mensal, em estágio único, de fevereiro de 2011 a julho de 2012. Os imóveis foram georreferenciados, e produziram-se mapas temáticos pelo uso do estimador de densidade Kernel. A presença exclusiva de Ae. aegypti foi verificada em 234 armadilhas (78,52%), Ae. albopictus em 26 (8,73%) e ambas as espécies em 38 (12,75%). Ae aegypti foi registrado por todo o espaço urbano do município e em todos os meses e estações do ano, além de ter apresentado maior densidade de ovos, sendo o inverso para Ae. albopictus. Ae. aegypti foi mais presente na região sul, enquanto que Ae. albopictus na região norte. A segregação de hábitat de Ae. aegypti e Ae. albopictus merece atenção, já que sua ocorrência favorece uma coexistência urbana e pode gerar consequências à saúde pública, uma vez que são importantes transmissores de arboviroses.
On Generators and Undirected Cayley graphs of Γ_1-Non-Deranged Permutation Groups
Authors: Aremu K. O. , Issa F. A. , Muhammad A. , Tasiu A.R. , Muhammed I.M.
Published: August 2023

A cayley graph  of a group , where S is the set of generators of  is a graph that has a vertex for each element of  and edge  for  and . In this work, we study the structural properties of undirected cayley graphs of the -non deranged permutation group ( ) obtained from a modulo p function (for  and  is prime), and established that the generators of  are not unique and also the undirected cayley graphs  is not simple.
Mathematical Modeling and Optimal Control of Intervention Strategies for Covid-19 Disease
Authors: Manju Kabiru A. , Momoh Abdulfatai A. , Chukkol Y. B. , Isiyaku Musa
Published: August 2023

This research work used mathematical modeling in understanding the dynamics of covid-19 disease. We modified the work of Chen et al. (2020) by incorporating vaccination and pets (spread agents) compartments, making the model a ten (10) compartmental model, and also augmenting four controls to it namely: vaccination, use of face mask and physical distancing, sanitation, and treatment. We developed from the model, a system of non-linear Ordinary Differential Equations from which the positivity of solution was proven. We established the equilibrium states, determined the reproduction number which was utilized to predict the disease's transmission dynamics, hence establishing the conditions for local and global stability of the disease free- equilibrium using Routh- Hurwitz criterion and the Castillo-Chavez technique, respectively. The outcome of the investigation of the stability of the disease-free equilibrium state that covid-19 disease transmission can be significantly degraded and eliminated if the secondary infection’s rate is maintained at a value less than unity. We also used Pontryagin's Maximum Principle to establish the optimality system. The optimality system was numerically solved in Matlab to establish the best strategy in controlling the transmission of covid-19 disease in the population. The graphical solutions revealed that the most effective strategy is the combination of vaccination, use of face mask and physical distancing, sanitation, and treatment of infected individuals in the population.
Ecotoxicological Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Smoke-Dried Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) from Selected Markets in Benin City, Nigeria
Authors: Michael Wangboje Oiseoje
Published: August 2023

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are organic pollutants that are endocrine disruptors. There is paucity of ecotoxicological data on the PAH content in smoke-dried Clarias gariepinus from markets in Benin City, Nigeria, which this research attempted to produce employing Gas Chromatographic technique. The summary statistics for PAH levels (μg/kg) in smoke-dried C. gariepinus ranged from 0.006583 (Pyrene) to 51.91 (Napthalene) while the mean levels of PAHs in fish by market point ranged from 0.00333 (Pyrene) at Oliha to 55.97 (Napthalene) at New Benin. The hazard (HQ) quotient ranged from 0.0013 for Pyrene to 10.38 for Napthalene while the toxic equivalency (TEQ) for Benzo(a)pyrene was 0.02417. The estimated daily intake (mg/person/day) for PAHs ranged from 0.000003426 (Pyrene) to 0.027 (Napthalene) while the cancer risk factor (CRF) and risk specific dose (RSD) for Benzo(a)pyrene were 6.56 x 10—6 and 16.26 mg/person/day respectively. The research revealed that the critical congener in smoke-dried C. gariepinus was Napthalene as its threshold in smoked fish was far exceeded thus positing it as the congener of immediate health concern. The study concluded that smoke-dried C. gariepinus should be consumed with caution in order to avert adverse health related effects in the long run.
Deep Learning for Natural Language Processing
Authors: Wang Yuan , Li Zekun , Deng Zhenyu , Song Huiling , Yang Jucheng
Published: August 2023

With the constantly growing number of topical or sentiment-bearing texts and dialogs on the Web, the demand for automatic language or text analysis algorithms continues to expand. This chapter discusses about advanced deep learning techniques for classical and hot research directions in the field of natural language processing, including text classification, sentiment analysis, and task-oriented dialog systems. In text classification, we focus on tasks of multi-label text classification and extreme multi-label text classification, which allow for automatically annotates the texts with the most relevant labels. In sentiment analysis, we look into aspect-based sentiment analysis that makes automatic extraction of fine-grained sentiment information from texts, and multimodal sentiment analysis that classifies people’s opinions or attitudes from multimedia data through fusion techniques. In dialog system, we introduce how deep learning techniques work in pipeline mode and end-to-end mode for task-oriented dialog system. In this chapter, the rapidly evolving state of the research on the three topics is reviewed. Furthermore, trends in the research on deep learning for natural language processing are identified, and a discussion about future advances is provided.
Alkaloids as New Leads for Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Al-Mamoori Farah , M.A. Qasem Ashraf
Published: August 2023

Conventionally, diseases involving the selective loss of neurons are referred to as neurodegenerative diseases. Traditional and more recent compounds have been explored, but they only provide symptomatic benefits and have a large number of negative effects. It will be regarded as a modern vision if stronger molecules are found that can stop the pathophysiology of these diseases. In order to replace existing medications, natural compounds are being developed from plants and other sources. Natural products, including alkaloids that originate from plants, have emerged as potential protective agents against neurodegenerative disorders (e.g., Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s), psychiatric conditions, and many more. They provided unique lead compounds for medicine. Alkaloids could be exploited as starting materials for novel drug synthesis or, to a lesser extent, used to manage neurodegenerative-related complications due to their diverse mechanistic effects. This chapter aims to highlight the importance of alkaloids as new leads for the development of potential clinical drug candidates for the management and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
The Immune Response in the Pathophysiology of Pulmonary Diseases
Authors: Navratilova Zdenka , Kominkova Eva , Petrek Martin
Published: August 2023

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the world’s third leading cause of death. The number of patients with asthma is increasing in developed countries. We review here the main features of pathophysiology in these obstructive diseases. Tobacco smoke and other air pollution stimulate chronic inflammation in COPD. Asthma is a type 1 hypersensitivity that is a response to various allergens. In both pathologies, chronic inflammatory response leads to airway remodeling, significantly impacting lung function and a patient’s daily activity. Besides imaging techniques, a critical diagnostic tool is a pulmonary function test with characteristic obstructive patterns and respiratory symptoms. Sarcoidosis is discussed as an example of a restrictive disease. Finally, we shortly highlight the direction of current research.
Alternative Treatment Approaches in Bacterial Keratitis
Authors: Raj Daniel Raj Ponniah Lional
Published: August 2023

Microbial keratitis can cause unilateral blindness, which can occur after ocular trauma and subsequent infection, causing unilateral blindness in 1.5 to 2 million corneal ulceration cases globally per year, particularly in developing and tropical countries. The conventional treatment options are largely topical in a loading dose regimen. This chapter enumerates the recent advances in its management. Parenteral, and intracorneal, intrastromal antimicrobial injections are attempted as adjuvants in refractory cases. Novel drug reservoir contact lenses have higher bioavailability by creating an antimicrobial lake with increased tear film exchange through the fenestration. Sustained release intrastromal antimicrobial implants for the treatment of deep corneal infections and abscesses have increased efficacy. An intensive loading dose with topical agents could be reduced with alternative approaches, thus reducing the treatment burden and improving patient compliance.
Psychological Ownership of Nursing Care: A Qualitative Content Analysis
Authors: Akhlaghi Elham , Sivarajan Froelicher Erika , Sharif Nia Hamid , Ashghali Farahani Mansoureh
Published: August 2023

Background: Nursing care is one of the main tasks of nursing. Currently, organizations are trying to improve the quality of nursing care to satisfy their patients and reduce the cost and length of hospital stays. Psychological ownership (PO) is intended to be a shortcut to achieving this goal through cognitive-emotional changes in nurses. Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate PO in nursing care. Methods: The present study was performed with a qualitative content analysis method. The purposive sample was selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data were collected from Iranian nurses from May 2013 to November 2021 in semi-structured, in-depth, one-on-one interviews and subsequently analyzed using the method of Graneheim and Lundman. A code of ethics and required permissions were obtained. Lincoln and Guba’s criteria were used to ensure the reliability of the study, and MAXQDA software (version 10) was used for data management. Results: Data analysis was performed using the conventional qualitative analysis on 13 nurses (mean age: 39 years; 69% female), resulting in the extraction of 395 primary codes, 71 subcategories, 16 subcategories, and 4 main categories (e.g., professional competence, practical efficacy, holistic advocacy, and professional identity). Conclusions: The nurses understood that a sense of ownership of nursing meant seeking to acquire sufficient professional competence and an appropriate position in practice to see themselves as supportive and influential in the healthcare system and have a sense of professional identity.
Analisis Kemampuan Menulis Peserta Didik Kelas I Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Dewi Retno Sintya , Rismayani Risha , Muslimah Muslimah , Juliska Landia Octa
Published: August 2023

This research is a classroom action research, where the study in this journal is one of the elementary schools in Batanghari Regency, Jambi Province. The purpose of this research is to look at the writing skills of the class and what efforts we will make to improve students' writing skills. The research was carried out on class I students at SDN 95/I Olak with the number of students studied, namely there were 15 people. With this research, we really hope that it will have a better impact in the future for students, especially in the part that our team researches about students' writing abilities. The method used in this research is a qualitative method. The purpose of using this method is to describe the results of the data in the form of values obtained by students. Within this scope, class I students at SDN 95/I Olak were examined by observation or observation, as well as interviews with related teachers. In the early stages of the research, a pretest was carried out by writing the full name of each student in a post-it. At the beginning of the test there were 8 students who could write their full names besides that they could only write their nicknames and there were even 2 students who could not write their names except copying.
The Relationship of Internet Addiction With Sleep Quality in Students
Authors: Mesi Mahzariani , Chris Arlends
Published: August 2023

Internet usage too much  is one of  the things that can make it hard to get a good night’s sleep. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between internet addiction and sleep quality in SMA Negeri 2 Putussibau students. This type of research in an analytic study with a cross-sectional design. The sample used were students of SMA Negeri 2 Putussibau with total sampling technique. This research was conducted 452 students in grades X-XII using the Internet Addiciton Test(IAT) questionnaire to measure internet addiciton and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire to asses sleep quality in students of SMA Negeri 2 Putussibau. The test  statiscal  anaylsis that was employed was the Chi Square . The achieved  P value  = 0,001 (P values < 0.05) . So it can be concluded that there is a relationship between internet addiction and sleep quality in students of SMA Negeri 2 Putussibau
Tính nước đôi trong truyện ngắn ở đô thị miền Nam giai đoạn 1954-1975 qua khảo sát trên tạp chí Bách Khoa
Authors: Bùi Ngọc Anh Thư
Published: August 2023

Hậu thuộc địa đã và đang là một giới thuyết nghiên cứu hứa hẹn nhiều triển vọng. Đặc biệt đối với một quốc gia từng trải qua thời kỳ thuộc địa lâu dài như Việt Nam, việc ứng dụng thuyết hậu thuộc địa vào nghiên cứu văn học tỏ ra phù hợp và cần thiết để nhìn lại những tàn tích văn hóa còn sót lại của chủ nghĩa thực dân. Một trong những nội dung nổi bật của thuyết hậu thuộc địa là tính nước đôi có thể bắt gặp ở cả chủ thể thực dân lẫn thuộc địa. Bài viết tập trung chỉ ra tính nước đôi trong một số truyện ngắn trên tạp chí Bách Khoa thông qua việc phân tích các nhân vật ở các phương diện tư tưởng, thái độ, tình cảm. Từ đó, hướng đến lý giải những mâu thuẫn nội tại cũng như thể hiện khát vọng vượt thoát của chủ thể thuộc địa trong một bối cảnh xã hội hết sức phức tạp của miền Nam Việt Nam giai đoạn 1954-1975.
Kỹ thuật tự sự trong tiểu thuyết Cõi nhân gian của Nguyễn Phúc Lộc Thành
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Thu Hiền
Published: August 2023

Lý thuyết tự sự học được quan tâm ở Việt Nam từ đầu những năm 2000 và nhanh chóng trở thành hướng nghiên cứu đầy tiềm năng trong văn học. Đầu năm 2022, tiểu thuyết Cõi nhân gian của Nguyễn Phúc Lộc Thành với nội dung phản ánh bức tranh xã hội Việt Nam cuối thế kỷ XX - đầu thế kỷ XXI đã gây được tiếng vang trên văn đàn. Bài viết đưa ra cái nhìn khái quát và những đánh giá về bộ tiểu thuyết này dựa trên các phương diện lý thuyết tự sự học: (1) Người kể chuyện và điểm nhìn tự sự; (2) Tổ chức kết cấu và cách xây dựng nhân vật trong tác phẩm. Hướng tiếp cận là cơ sở khẳng định những giá trị thẩm mỹ và dấu ấn riêng về phương diện biểu hiện nghệ thuật, góp phần định vị tác phẩm trong nền văn học Việt Nam đương đại.
Dấu ấn hiện sinh trong tiểu thuyết Cõi nhân gian của Nguyễn Phúc Lộc Thành
Authors: Nguyễn Minh Tâm
Published: August 2023

Chủ nghĩa hiện sinh đã có những ảnh hưởng sâu sắc đến đời sống văn học Việt Nam. Bằng cảm quan hiện sinh, Nguyễn Phúc Lộc Thành quan tâm, trăn trở, ưu tư về con người giữa những ngổn ngang và bộn bề thế sự. Do đó, bộ tiểu thuyết trường thiên Cõi nhân gian luôn đặt các nhân vật trong trạng thái hiện hữu mạnh mẽ nhất để thích ứng với thời cuộc. Đồng thời, nhân vị được đề cao trong sự vượt thoát nghịch cảnh và tìm ra giá trị cho chính mình. Bài viết tập trung khai thác góc nhìn hiện sinh của tác giả về con người trong thời đại xã hội đổi mới đầy biến động, từ đó, nêu bật những thông điệp tích cực về thái độ sống và quyền tự do lựa chọn được tác giả gửi gắm trong tiểu thuyết.
So You're Posted into CASG - An Aviation Engineers and Logistics Perspective
Authors: Pinch Ian
Published: August 2023

Warrant Officer (WOFF) David Turnbull provided his insight and point of view (Turnbull, 2023) on the struggle of getting the best people into Capability Acquisition and Sustainment Group (CASG). Whilst it is a great read and the scene is set for further nail-biting episodes, the one standout observable from my point of view is that his theme is focussed on the ability or struggle of encouraging Enlisted Aviators to seek employment within CASG. This is different from the point of view of commissioned aviator ranks. Aviators within the aviation Engineers and Logistics (ENGLOG) categories, posting into various CASG System Program Offices (SPO) is inevitable. Unlike the Enlisted Aviators, aviation ENGLOG can expect a posting into a SPO at each rank band in between the ‘fun’ postings; Junior Officer (JO), Squadron Leader (SQNLDR), Wing Commander (WGCDR) and Group Captain. But the SPO ‘fun’ doesn’t stop there because then there are CASG Branch level postings for Air Commodore and Air Vice Marshal.
Turning the Tap Off - Stopping the Flow of Pointless Jobs in the RAAF
Authors:   Australian Defence Force, Cook Daniel
Published: August 2023

WGCDR Borg’s monograph Royal Australian Air Force 2025: A new organizational structure to optimise combat effectiveness in an era of great power competition (Borg, 2023) included a statement that is more telling than it appears at first glance: 'We are too busy mopping the floor, we don’t have time to turn off the tap.' - Anonymous The opening quote accurately depicts the current feeling across many squadrons, wings and groups across the RAAF today.” (Borg, 2023, p. 29)
ULUSLARARASI AĞRI ARAŞTIRMALARI DERNEĞİ (IASP) AĞRI TANIMININ KLİNİK VE FELSEFİ YÖNDEN TARTIŞILMASI : 2020’DE NELER DEĞİŞTİ?
Authors: AYDIN Emre , DOĞAN Ali , HAYRİ BEKTAŞ Muarrem
Published: August 2023

1975 yılınnda kurulan Uluslar arası ağrı araştırmaları derneği, (International Assosiaciation Study of Pain) alanda çalışan klinisyen ve araştırmacıların üzerinde uzlaşabileceği genel bir ağrı tanımı oluşturabilmek amacı ile 1979 yılında ağrı sınıflaması komitesini görevledirir. Pekçok eleştiri ve öneriye rağmen 1979 yılında önerılen ağrı tanımı, 1986, 1994 ve 2011 yıllarında açıklamalar kısmında yapılan küçük değişiklikler dışında olduğu gibi bırakılmıştır. Son dönemde çeşitli felsefi ve bilimsel disiplinlerden yöneltilen eleştirilerin yoğunlaşması üzerine 2018 yılında dernek tarafından tanımın tekrar gözde geçirilmesi amacı ile alanında önde gelen araştırmacı ve klinisyenden oluşan 14 kişi görevlendirimiştir. 2020 yılında tanımda ve açıklamalar kısmında kısmi değişiklikler önerilmiştir. Bu makalede öncelikle 2011 yılına önerilen ağrı tanımlaması incelenecek, ikinci kısımda tanıma bilimsel ve felsefi düzlemden yapılan eleştiriler ve önerilen alternatif tanımlar ele alınacak , en son bölümde ise 2020 yılında önerilen yeni tanımlama incelendikten sonra bu haline yöneltilen eleştiriler gözden geçirilecektir.
Relationship Between Leadership Function of Gapoktan and Success Rate of Rural Agribusiness Business Development Program (PUAP)
Authors: Aisyah Siti , Faqih Achmad , Permana Agni , Qomaruddin Asep , Aditia Agry , Saputra Damas Awal
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine the efforts to improve infrastructure in services and economic growth as well as to determine the impact of increased infrastructure on services and economic growth. The results showed that efforts to improve infrastructure in services and economic growth one of them is the realization of the construction of the Southern Cross Line (JLS). JLS is included in one of the efforts to improve infrastructure in services and economic growth, especially in the southern part of Java. JLS development is a national project. JLS is part of the construction of the south coast of Java Road (Pansela), starting from Pacitan, Trenggalek, Tulungagung Blitar, Malang, Lumajang, Jember and Banyuwangi. The results also show that through the construction of the Southern Cross Line (JLS) is expected to improve services and economic growth, especially economic growth in the southern part of Java considering the income and economic inequality between Southern and Northern Java. The southern part of Java can be categorized as poor, given the limited access to infrastructure.