bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Charles Ballyʼs paper «Syntaxe de la modalité explicite» and modern linguistics
Authors:   O. O. Potebnia Institute of Linguistics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Britsуn V. M. , Anishchenko L. V. ,   O. O. Potebnia Institute of Linguistics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: July 2021

The article examines the place of Charles Ballyʼs paper «Syntaxe de la modalité explicite» in the body of work of the prominent Swiss linguist on the category of modality and identifies the role of his ideas in modern description of syntax. In Charles Ballyʼs linguistic heritage the concept of modality plays an exceptionally important role. His views o n the modal organization of the sentence are based on the theoretical perspective to describing the phenomenon of language proposed by his teacher Ferdinand de Saussure. Charles Ballyʼs theory of modality is an integral part of his general theory of enunciation. Identification of the two components in the semantic structure of the sentence, namely the modus and the dictum, becomes some kind of a bridge between Saussureʼs intellectualized grammar of language and the grammar of speech, which specifically entails the study of emotional and affective factors, and also stylistic aspects of human language. According to Charles Bally, the modus is a combination of a modal verb, which may contain a variety of shades of opinion, feeling or will, and a modal subject, which can represent a speaking subject and also other subjects. Charles Ballyʼs studies significantly influenced the interpretation of the category of modality in modern linguistics. However, not every theory based on the idea of identifying the modus and the dictum in the sentence can be theoretically convincing. Identifying the dictum with the representation of the objective, and the modus with the subjective led to unsubstantiated theoretical opposition of objective and subjective modality. Only misunderstanding of Charles Ballyʼs ideas might explain the attempts to attribute the ability to express the category of evaluation and emotionality to the modus. Charles Ballyʼs original theoretical views proved to be productive in the development of the cognitive theory of modality, which in its turn is based on other theoretical views on the phenomenon of language. Within this theory, modality is defined as a category that describes the mental-sensory differentiation of the speakerʼs thoughts in the process of sentence formation. According to the active approach to sentence interpretation, the subject of the modus in cognitive modality theory is only the speaker. The paper «Syntaxe de la modalité explicite», which Charles Bally described as a program of studies, has not lost its relevance. The task of describing the semantic shades of modality, as well as various forms of its expression, the principles of classification of modal verbs outlined in the paper as the goal of linguistics, remains largely unresolved today.
The Byronic Hero Myth Reloaded in E. L. James’s Fifty Shades of Grey Series
Authors: Golban Tatiana , Babagulyyeva Mahri
Published: July 2021

Assuming that the Byronic hero can be properly considered to be a literary myth and our contemporary popular culture keeps a constant interest in various ancient and modern myths by continuously rewriting and reshaping their thematic perspectives in its literary and not only products, the present study argues about and exemplifies these assumptions by focusing on E.L. James’s famous novel trilogy Fifty Shades of Grey. This study draws on the Byronic hero as depicted in the nineteenth-century literature and attempts to reveal how this literary representation continues to fascinate the contemporary artists and readers and is reshaped unexpectedly in the contemporary romance. The postmodern romance fuses high and low culture and this study presents the ways in which the novelist wittily combines mythical and literary heritages with the striking images allowed by the romance mode in order to convey some stringent concerns of the present day society, such as childhood abuse, trauma and violence. The myth of the Byronic hero, as expressed in E.L. James’s series, reveals a transformed version, a neo-Byronic protagonist who becomes adaptable to the norms of his community, is capable of moving beyond his trauma and is healed as a result of discovering his genuine love.
Cutaneous Manifestations of Hypothyroidism A Prospective Hospital based clinical study in Bangladesh
Authors: Kumar Saha Bijoy , Shahin Md Mahabubur Rahaman , Siddique Md Rahmat Ullah
Published: July 2021

Normal functioning thyroid is much more important for healthy skin. The association thyroid disorders with cutaneous manifestations is complex. Various studies have revealed multitude of cutaneous changes (in skin, hair and nails) that occur in thyroid hormonal dysfunction, in both hyper and hypothyroid states. The present study was designed to ascertain the varied cutaneous manifestations of hypothyroidism. This is a case control hospital based clinical study conducted in the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, BSMMU, over a period of one year, from May 2010 to May 2011. Fifty diagnosed cases of hypothyroidism constituted the subject material for the study and additional 50 Euthyroid persons were taken as control who were evaluated for the presence of any cutaneous manifestation. There are 50 patients of hypothyroidism among which 6 male & 44 female. The most common cutaneous feature in patients with hypothyroidism was coarse, rough, dry skin followed by pallor of skin, with carotenemia in 52.75% of the patients, nail changes in 38.9% of the patients, diffuse hair loss in 33.3% of the patients, palmoplantar keratoderma in 33.3% of the patients, and loss of lateral third of the eyebrows in 22.2% of the patients. Myxedematous facies were seen in 12% of the hypothyroid patients in our study. The relation between hypothyroidism and skin have profound clinical importance in dermatological practice.

CBMJ 2017 January: Vol. 06 No. 01 P: 24-27
Comparative study between ondansetron vs Palonosetron for controlling postoperative nausea and vomiting
Authors: Hasan Muhammad Masud , Islam Md Shafiqul , Ara Anjuman , Fazilatunnesa - , Rahman Md Ashiqur , Sultana Mst Habiba , Akhtar Sabiha
Published: July 2021

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a major complication in patients who undergo surgery under general anaesthesia. Various drug regimens and antiemetic interventions have been tried from time to time for prevention of PONV but with a variable success rate. The aim of the study is to compare between ondansetron vs Palonocstron for controlling postoperative nausea and vomiting. In this prospective study, 100 patients aged 18-60 years of ASA GRADE-I and II scheduled for undergoing surgery under general anaesthesia after taking informed written consent at a tertiary care hospital, were randomly divided into two groups of 50 each. Group-A was given palonosetron 75 μg and Group-B was given ondansetron 4 mg. At 72 hours, nausea and vomiting were statistically significant between ondansetron and palonosetron groups. Postoperative side-effects such as headache, dizziness and drowsiness were not statistically significant between ondansetron and palonosetron groups. In conclusion, the antiemetic efficacy of palonosetron is similar to that of Ondansetron for preventing PONV during the first 24 hours after patients who undergo surgery under general anaesthesia. But after 72 hours, nausea and vomiting were statistically higher in ondansetron group than palonosetron group.

CBMJ 2017 July: Vol. 06 No. 02 P: 15-20
Somatic chromosome number and ploidy level in three Curcuma spp. from Bangladesh
Authors: Bonna Ishrat Jahan , Akter Suma , Sultana Syeda Sharmeen
Published: July 2021

Three Curcuma L. species were investigated cytogenetically which represent diversed staining pattern of heterochromatins in interphase nuclei and prophase chromosomes with orcein staining. Curcuma longa and C. caesia were found to possess 2n = 3x = 63 somatic chromosomes whereas 2n = 2x = 42 chromosome number in C. zedoaria is reported for the first time from Bangladesh. Total chromosome length recorded in C. longa, C. caesia and C. zedoaria were 145.08 ± 2.85 μm, 164.93 ± 4.29 μm and 97.78 ± 2.41 μm, respectively. This was the first attempt to measure the length of the chromosomes for these species. The experiment confirmed the basic chromosome number x = 21 with triploid (C. longa, C. caesia) and diploid (C. zedoaria) Curcuma plants. Polyploidy could be employed in the evolution and diversification of the genus Curcuma, which is an essential factor to characterize the species of this genus.

Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 133-140, 2021 (July)
Soil fertility and leaf nutrient status of litchi orchard sites
Authors: Zannat Tasnim , Meem Farhana Firoz , Promi Rubaiat Sharmin , Poppy Umme Qulsum , Rahman MK
Published: July 2021

Twelve soil and twelve leaf samples were collected from twelve litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) orchards from different locations of Dinajpur to evaluate some physico-chemical properties and nutrient status of soil, and concentration of nutrients in litchi leaf. The pH of the soil varied from very strong acidic to medium acidic (4.8 - 5.7), organic matter content varied from 0.84 - 1.88%, EC varied from 302.4 - 310.2 μS/cm. The dominant soil textural class was clay loam. The average particle density was 2.49g/cm3. Total N, P, K and S in soils were 0.053 - 0.180%, 0.02 - 0.07%, 0.046 - 0.370 meq/100 g, and 0.015 - 0.028%, respectively. Available N, P, K, S, Zn, Fe, Mn and B in soils 30.40 - 57.8 mg/kg, 10.53 - 14.33 mg/kg, 0.03 - 0.32 meq/100 g, 20.03-34.80 mg/kg, 0.68-1.50 μg/g, 31.8 - 41.5 μg/g, 6.75 - 7.39 μg/g and 0.25-0.51 μg/g, respectively. The concentration of total N, P, K, S, Zn and Mn in the leaf were 1.74 - 2.20%, 0.11 - 0.188%, 0.104- 0.198%, 0.129 - 0.430%, 12 - 14 μg/g and 30 - 74 μg/g, respectively. The overall results indicated that the fertility status of the soils under the litchi plantation in the Dinajpur area are medium fertile. So, farmers could be advised to grow litchi plants after applying amendments to the soils to improve the physico-chemical properties in the Dinajpur area of Bangladesh.

Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 141-149, 2021 (July)
Growth and yield performance of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) under various doses of vermicompost and NPK fertilizers grown at rooftop of Charfasson area in the southern parts of Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Moomtahina , Alauddin Md , Ali AHM Zulfiquar
Published: July 2021

A pot experiment was carried out on the rooftop of a building at Charfasson town Bhola to evaluate the growth and yield performance of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) as influenced by different doses of vermicompost and inorganic fertilizers in the winter season of 2020-2021. Each pot was filled with ten kg soil and arranged in a completely randomized design having seven treatments with three replications. Treatments were T1: Control (-VC), T2: 5 t VC/ha, T3: 10 t VC/ha, T4: 15 t VC/ha, T5: 20 t VC/ha, T6: 25 t VC/ha, and T7: 50% RDF NPK (40 - 15-25 kg/ha). Different agronomic parameters were measured at the intervals of 30, 60, 90, and 120 days after sowing of seeds. All the treatments of vermicompost showed better responses in agronomic parameters than the control treatment. Among them, T5 treatment tends to show significantly (p<0.05) higher plant height (18.5 cm), number of the leaf (54/plant), root length (15.50 cm), first flowering (at 61 days), fruit length (5.75 cm), fruit diameter (13.75 cm), number of fruits (15/plant), the average weight of fruit (14.50 g), the fresh yield of fruits (13.59 t/ha), fresh weight of root (10.41 g/plant), fresh weight of reproductive structure (3.12 g/plant), weight of the dry reproductive structure (3.12 g/plant) and benefit-cost ratio (9.37). T6 treatment showed significantly (p<0.05) higher leaf area (49.00 cm2), fresh weight of petiole (4,61 g/plant), the weight of dry root (2.20 g/plant), weight of dry leaf (5.87 g/plant), weight of dry petiole (1.42 g/plant) and weight of dry biomass (12.48 g/plant). T2, T3 and T4 treatments showed significantly (p<0.05) higher growth than T7 treatment. The overall findings revealed that the application of vermicompost (20 t/ha) in the strawberry plant might be a suitable method in rooftop gardening to achieve its better agronomic and yield parameters in the southern parts of Bangladesh.

Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 283-292, 2021 (July)
Clay mineralogy of soils from lower atrai basin of Bangladesh
Authors: Islam ABMS , Khan ZH , Mazumder AR , Moslehuddin AZM , Uddin MM , Mori Y
Published: July 2021

The lower Atrai basin, the study area, lies in the Agroecological Zone-5 (AEZ-5) of Bangladesh. This study reveals the clay mineral composition of top soils of seven different soil series viz. Binsara, Taras, Jaonia, Hasnabad, Laskara, Manda and Mainam developed in the basin. X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique was employed to identify and quantify the minerals. Results show that mica (41 to 59%) was the most dominant mineral among all soils except Laskara. In Laskara soils, the interstratified mica-vermiculite-smectite (41%) was the predominant mineral. Next to mica, kaolinite (10 to 12%) was found to be present in the Binsara, Taras 1, Jaonia, and Taras 2 soils. Chlorite (7 to 17%) was identified in all the soils and was found to be the second dominant mineral in the Manda and Mainam soils. In contrast, the interstratified mica-vermiculitesmectite (33%) was found to be the second dominant mineral in the Hasnabad soils. Small amounts of vermiculite mineral (1 to 13%) were identified in almost all the soils except Binsara. All the soils have interstratified mica-chlorite minerals (2 to 7%). A tiny amount of smectite (1%) was identified in Taras 1 soil. As far as the clay mineralogical composition is concerned, most studied soils were found at the initial stage of weathering, indicating the high potential to sustain low input subsistence agriculture.

Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(2): 293-306, 2021 (July)
Karakteristik Pasien Hipertensi Pada Puskesmas Pertiwi Makassar
Authors: Pratiwi Musdalifah Eka , Mutmainnah Mutmainnah
Published: July 2021

Hypertension is an increase in blood flow pressure that occurs in the human body which is one of the most common diseases found, according to the NHLBI (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute), 1 in 3 patients suffering from hypertension have risk factors for myocardial infarction, stroke, acute kidney failure and also death. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of the characteristics of hypertension patients in Pertiwi Makassar Health Center. This research was conducted on all patients diagnosed with hypertension at the Pertiwi Puskesmas in September 2019. The study was conducted with a descriptive study using an observational approach to see a description of the characteristics of hypertensive patients at the Pertiwi Puskesmas. These characteristics include age, sex and body mass index. From 134 people it can be seen that the number of male patients with hypertension is 55 people (41.04%) and the number of female patients with hypertension is 79 people (58.95%). The number of patients aged <40 years, amounting to 5 people (3.73%), the number of patients aged 40-45 years which amounted to 4 people (2.98%), the number of patients aged 46-50 years which amounted to 11 people (8.20 %), and the number of patients> 50 years old totaling 114 people (85.07%). The number of hypertensive patients who are underweight is 2 people (1.49%), the number of normal hypertension patients is 41 people (30.59%), the number of hypertensive patients who are overweight is 42 people (31.34%), the number of hypertensive patients who are Obese I is 48 people (35.82%) and the number of hypertensive patients who are Obesity II is 2 people (1.49%). Based on the results of the study it was found that women are more at risk of developing hypertension than men, aged> 50 years more than other ages and hypertensive patients are far more classified as obese I nutritional status.
Peran Status Gizi Terhadap Tingkat Kecerdasan Kognitif Anak
Authors: Muin Mufia , Burhanuddin Nurfardiansyah , Zulfahmidah Zulfahmidah , Aisyah Windy Nurul Aisyah
Published: July 2021

Background and Objectives: Nutritional status is important role in the metabolism of the body and in the process of thinking or reasoning a role in thinking processes, concentration power and related to learning efficiency. With good nutritional condition is expected to have an impact on good learning achievement. Methods: The source of this research data comes from the literature obtained through the internet is the result of research from national or international journals in 2010-2020. Results: There are studies that explain malnutrition or obesity impact on a child's cognitive delay and good nutritional status will have an impact on the cognitive improvement of the child. But optimal cognitive development is not enough just with good nutritional status, it takes good stimulus efforts. Conclusion: Nutritional status is important for cognitive development in children.
Reivindicación de la ley y exigencias consecuentes para el legislador de nuestro tiempo
Authors: Astarloa Huarte-Mendicoa Ignacio
Published: July 2021

El artículo examina las características que deben cumplir las leyes, de acuerdo con la Constitución, respetando los principios de generalidad y abstracción, la no arbitrariedad del legislador, los principios de buena regulación, y las garantías de la  seguridad jurídica frente a las  leyes de preceptos intrusos y las ómnibus, el abuso de las urgencias y los procedimientos especiales,  las frecuentes leyes modificativas o las complejas especialidades que requiere la legislación en ámbitos técnicos o científicos. En lugar de recrearnos en la literatura de la crisis de la ley se propone elaborar las leyes con rigor, haciendo realidad el respeto a esos principios y tras la reflexión y el debate plural debidos. Ello implica a todos los poderes, pero, muy especialmente, al Poder Legislativo porque si el Parlamento no asume la responsabilidad para que la ley pueda consolidarse como el gran instrumento de la convivencia que debe ser en este siglo XXI, nadie lo sustituirá en esta tarea.  Para ello, se considera indispensable la modificación integral del procedimiento legislativo mediante la reforma en profundidad de los Reglamentos Parlamentarios. En lo orgánico, potenciando el decisivo  papel de las Mesas de las Cámaras, auxiliadas por los letrados, las Secretarías Generales en su conjunto y una novedosa Oficina de la Calidad Legislativa, e introduciendo la figura del Coordinador de cada proyecto de ley, que vigile su coherencia y calidad durante toda la tramitación [...]
Corrección política, sociedad civil y poderes
Authors: Villanueva Darío
Published: July 2021

La corrección política, que se manifiesta en relación con los comportamientos y actitudes de los ciudadanos pero sobre todo con sus usos lingüísticos, es considerada como la «censura posmoderna» ejercida en principio desde instancias diversas, pero siempre vinculadas a la sociedad civil. Mas se está detectando la aplicación de algunos de sus principios por parte de los poderes públicos, especialmente el ejecutivo y el legislativo, lo que podría representar, en el contexto de la ya denominada posdemocracia, la reinvención de la censura de siempre, ejercida desde el Poder.
El agenda setting legislativo español entre 1979 y 2015
Authors: Sánchez de Dios Manuel
Published: July 2021

En este artículo se analiza la producción legislativa de las Cortes Generales en diez legislaturas desde el enfoque del «agenda setting». Se consideran las dimensiones institucional y partidista en la producción legislativa. Se estudia el desarrollo de la agenda legislativa considerando la iniciativa legislativa según tipo de ley y actor, la actividad en las comisiones y en el Senado. Se comprueba que ha habido una gran renovación legislativa en el periodo, aunque en términos comparados el número de iniciativas legislativas no es muy elevado. El gobierno es la principal agenda setter mediante los proyectos de ley y decretos-leyes. Los partidos de la oposición utilizan su capacidad de iniciativa en su estrategia opositora. Los partidos nacionalistas consiguen actuar como veto players con los gobiernos minoritarios gracias a su posición central en la dimensión izquierda-derecha.
¿Existe el lobby ciudadano? Una experiencia de participación en el Congreso de los Diputados
Authors: Rubio Núñez Rafael , Marañón Martín Luis , Gonzalo Rozas Miguel Ángel
Published: July 2021

Los Parlamentos en España han ido incorporando mecanismos y formas de participación que abren la toma de decisiones a los ciudadanos. En España existen precedentes de la apertura por parte de las asambleas legislativas de las comunidades autónomas de procesos de participación ciudadana que son analizados. Durante la crisis de la COVID 19, la Comisión para la Reconstrucción Económica y Social abrió un canal de participación ciudadana en el Congreso de los Diputados de España. El estudio de las aportaciones recibidas y su contenido nos permite establecer una tipología de la participación ciudadana desde la perspectiva del número y el objeto de las propuestas planteadas, así como desde el análisis de la posible eficacia en la labor de influencia, en función de la aplicación o no de técnicas de lobby tradicional. El artículo plantea una metodología profesional de análisis de todas las aportaciones recibidas para medir la eficacia de la respuesta ciudadana en términos de incidencia política. Se establecen guías y pautas de mejora para futuros procesos participativos.
La vulneración del derecho al ejercicio de las funciones representativas de los parlamentarios como consecuencia de la no convocatoria de sesiones o la no inclusión de nuevos puntos en sus órdenes del día.
Authors: Molina Moreno Luis
Published: July 2021

La sentencia aporta un elemento más a la delimitación del contenido del derecho de acceso a los cargos públicos recogido en el artículo 23.2 de la Constitución al concluir que, a pesar de que los acuerdos de la mesa o las acciones y omisiones de la presidenta de una Cámara trasladando de día sesiones plenarias ordinarias previstas en el calendario de sesiones, o no incluyendo determinadas iniciativas en sus órdenes del día, puedan suponer una vulneración que afecte al núcleo del ius in officium de los parlamentarios, no puede afirmarse que exista una vulneración en abstracto de las facultades de los parlamentarios, sino que es necesario determinar, en la demanda de la tramitación, de qué iniciativas se vieron privados y en qué términos supuso un menoscabo del ejercicio de su derecho.
Principios de legalidad penal (taxatividad) y seguridad jurídica: constitucionalidad del precepto legal que tipifica como infracción el incumplimiento de todas las normas obligatorias de la ley que no sean constitutivas de delito.
Authors: Alba Navarro Manuel
Published: July 2021

La sentencia desestima una cuestión de inconstitucionalidad planteada por el Tribunal Supremo. Confirma la plena constitucionalidad de las restricciones previstas en la ley electoral para la conocida como «jornada de reflexión». Asimismo ratifica la adecuación a la Constitución española (CE) de las disposiciones sancionadoras contenidas en dicha ley por ser conformes a la seguridad jurídica y al principio de legalidad penal. Confirma también que la responsabilidad del director de un medio por lo publicado en el mismo es conforme a la Constitución.
ALTLAMA HATASI’NIN (DER SUBSUMTIONSIRRTUM) KAVRAMSAL VE HUKUKİ ANLAMI
Authors: ÇINAR İsmail
Published: July 2021

“Altlama hatası” olarak Türkçeleştirdiğimiz, Almancası der Subsumtionsirrtum olan, ceza hukukunda özel bir hata türü vardır. Bu hata türünden kavramsal ve hukuki olarak ne anlaşılması gerektiği tartışmalıdır. Hukuki tartışmalar esasen kavramsal tartışmaların sonucudur. Bu sebeple altlama hatasının önce kavramsal açıdan izah edilmesi gerekir. Böylece ceza hukuku hata öğretisinde, bu hatanın kast ve kusur açısından ne tür bir etkiye sahip olduğu; bir başka deyişle hukuki anlamının ne olduğu belirlenmiş olacaktır. Bu çalışma, altlama hatası etrafındaki tartışmaların neler olduğunu belirlemek ve bununla ilgili konuları açıklığa kavuşturmak amacıyla kaleme alınmıştır.

Altlama hatasının kavramsal anlamı, anlambilimin konuya ilişkin verileri doğrultusunda, altlama ve hata kavramlarının analizi ile elde edilmiştir. Buna göre altlama hatası şu şekilde tanımlanabilir: Suç olayındaki somut bir olguyu kanuni tipteki soyut maddi bir unsura, bu unsuru isabetsiz olarak dar yorumladığı için yanlış altlayan failin, gerçekleştirdiği fiili bu sebeple ilgili kanuni tip tarafından kapsanmayan bir hareket olarak görmesine altlama hatası denir. Bu hataya düşen kişinin hukuken mazur görülüp görülmeyeceği, altlama hatasının hukuki anlamı ile alakalı bir konudur. Hukuken altlama hatası, norm seviyesinde gerçekleşen, cezalandırılabilirlik hatasının özel bir halidir. Dolayısıyla altlama hatası kastı engellemez. Ancak bu hataya düşen failin haksızlık bilincini yitirip yitirmediği ayrıca araştırılmalıdır. Fail altlama hatası sebebiyle haksızlık bilincini yitirmişse, altlama hatası hukuken yasak hatası olarak kabul edilmeli ve hukuken onun sonuçlarına tabi olmalıdır.
Relationship between Subjective Dry Mouth Feeling and Cognitive Dysfunction Assessment in Elderly in Some Areas
Authors:   Dept. of Dental Hygiene, Silla University, Assistant professor, Heo Seong-Eun , Jang Kyeung-Ae , Kim Yu-Rin ,   Dept. of Dental Hygiene, Silla University, Assistant professor, Kang Hyun-Kyung ,   Dept. of Dental Hygiene, Silla University, Associate professor
Published: July 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the relevance of cognitive impairment assessment due to subjective oral dry symptoms in older adults. Methods: After a three-month survey of patients visiting some dental hospitals in Busan from December 2019, the final 111 people were analyzed using the SPSS 26.0 program. Results: Groups with high subjective mouth dryness showed higher levels of cognitive dysfunction than those with lower subjective mouth dryness(<.001), and subjective mouth dryness showed a static correlation with the evaluation of cognitive dysfunction(r=.338, p<.01). Conclusions: Therefore, this study is considered to be a meaningful study that approaches the elderly's health problems in the aged society from various angles, and it is intended to be used as a basic data for the development of elderly health prevention programs as well as the prevention of geriatric diseases.
Factors Affecting the Compassion Competency of Clinical Dental Hygienists
Authors:   Dept. of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Sun Moon University, Adjunct professor, Kim Sun-Mi , Hong Jin-Sil ,   Dept. of Periodontology, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Researcher, Lee Young-So ,   Dept. of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Sun Moon University, Full professor
Published: July 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study is the relationship between the humanistic knowledge, emotional intelligence and compassion competence. Methods: This study examines factors influencing empathy competence in clinical dental hygienists through hierarchical regression analysis. Results: As a result of hierarchical regression analysis, in Model 1, job satisfaction and the presence or absence of educational experience in patient empathy were found to have significant influences. In Model 2, it was found that job satisfaction, patient empathy ability education experience, and emotional intelligence had an effect. Conclusions: These results can be seen as the competence necessary to provide high-quality dental hygiene services in the relationship between the subject and the dental hygienist
Factors Influencing the Compliance of Cough Etiquette in Dental Hygiene Students
Authors:   Dept. of Dental Hygiene, Dongju college, Adjunct professor, Lee Ji-Young , Hwang Se-Hyun ,   Dept. of Dental Hygiene, Dongju college, Lecturer, Lim Hyun-Ju ,   Dept. of Dental Hygiene, Dongju college, Assistant professor
Published: July 2021

Objectives: This study examines dental hygiene students’ knowledge of and compliance with coughing etiquette; it also seeks to identify factors that influence dental hygiene students’ compliance with coughing etiquette. Methods: An online questionnaire was distributed to students currently majoring in dental hygiene at two colleges in the Busan area. The subjects were informed of the purpose of the study; all participants provided informed consent to take part in the study. Results: The findings show that factors that impact compliance with coughing etiquette include knowledge of coughing etiquette, carrying tissues, and awareness of coughing etiquette. Conclusions: Dental hygiene students’ compliance with coughing etiquette was significantly influenced by knowledge of coughing etiquette, carrying tissues, and awareness of coughing etiquette
Language contact and morphological competition: Plurals in central Sicily
Authors: Cruschina Silvio
Published: July 2021

This paper explores the effects of language contact in the nominal morphology of central Sicilian dialects. In particular, this study is concerned with the contact-induced changes related to the distribution of three plural formatives that give rise to competition between different inflectional classes with respect to a number of lexemes. It is shown that sociolinguistic factors such as speaker age account for the distribution of the competing plural forms and the high degree of variation. As a consequence, a slow and gradual change is leading to the disappearance of the plural form that has no equivalent in the contact language, that is, in Italian.
A plural indefinite quantifier on the Romance-Slavic border
Authors: Giudici Alberto , Zanini Chiara
Published: July 2021

This study investigates the plural form uni/une deriving from the numeral ‘one’ in the Istriot dialect of Sissano. Sissano is located in the Istrian peninsula, an area characterized by high intensity of linguistic contact. We argue that the rise of such a peculiar form is indeed induced by contact with Croatian and that uni/une is unique in the Italo-Romance domain since, generally, the plural indefinite forms derived from the Latin numeral ‘one’ are pronouns and never occur in attributive position. The use of uni/ une is not attested in the few grammars of Istriot varieties because it is recent and still undergoing a process of grammaticalization. Therefore, we conducted interviews to verify how and to what extent contact with Croatian affects the meaning and the use of uni/une in Sissano. We found that this form is mostly used as a quantifier, bearing mainly the meaning ‘a pair of’, ‘one group of’, in the context of pluralia tantum and plural dominant nouns. We further observe that this quantifier has achieved a more advanced stage of grammaticalization in the younger generation of speakers than in the older ones. We discuss the role played by pluralia tantum as well as by the growing prestige of Croatian in triggering this borrowing and in fostering the grammaticalization process of uni/une on its way to become a marker of indefiniteness.
Language contact and typological change: The case of Estonian revisited
Authors: Laakso Johanna
Published: July 2021

The traditional hypothesis of a typological cycle from agglutination via fusion to isolation and back to agglutination, still invoked by many linguists (albeit with caveats and limitations), would imply a natural drift behind typological changes. Accordingly, such typological changes would typically result from internal developments (such as reductive sound changes), while etymological counter-currents (such as segmentable suffixes replacing earlier stem alternations) could rather be due to language contact. On the other hand, the agglutinative type seems to be stable and resistant to typological change especially in Northern Eurasia, and for the change towards a more fusional type, characteristic of some Finnic and Saami languages in the northwestern periphery of Uralic, a contact explanation might seem plausible. However, a closer scrutiny of Estonian, often mentioned as an example of typological change and characteristically impacted by Germanic, shows that in typological change, internal and external motivations intertwine and interact.
Pattern borrowing and hybridization in Mubi (East Chadic): The importance of congruence
Authors: Souag Lameen
Published: July 2021

The plural system of Mubi (East Chadic, Afroasiatic) stands out cross-linguistically within Chadic and worldwide for its extensive use of pattern morphology, fixing the output's vowel qualities and shape while preserving the input's consonants. This paper demonstrates that, while some elements of this system may be conserved from earlier stages of Afroasiatic, others reflect the influence of Chadian Arabic, the regional lingua franca. The process of influence, however, turns out to involve not just straightforward pattern morpheme borrowing (exemplified here by the iambic pattern BaCaaDiFe), but also the reshaping of inherited patterns. The most frequent quadriliteral plural pattern, BuCooDuF, reflects Arabic influence in its shape – mediated by a change in mapping directionality – but Chadic inheritance in its distribution. This result supports the hypothesis that pattern morphology is more easily transferred between related languages.
The Visionary Pros of Artificial Intelligence in Museum Education
Authors: İLHAN Prof.dr.ayşe , ASLAN Aslı Asiye
Published: July 2021

It is not only the diversity of the objects exhibited but also the methods used to convey the information about these objects that make museums survive. The purpose of these methods is to transfer the museum collection to the future accurately and effectively. While museums host many cultural values, they also aim to make the methods of transferring information about these values qualified and universal. As the perception of the twenty-first century museum visitor profile is shaped by technology, their expectations for the museum experience have also increased. The museum education field, which develops with the modern understanding of museums and provides a lifelong learning experience to the visitors, has an important role in information transfer. Thus, the use of developing technologies in museum education can be beneficial for museum visitors. This study offers a new method proposal that aims to use artificial intelligence, which is considered to be the most important technological development of the twenty-first century in the field of museum education in order to transfer the information about exhibition objects in the most effective way.
Artificial intelligence and copyright
Authors: Prylypko Daryna
Published: July 2021

Key words: copyright, work, artificial intelligence, computer program

In the article, the problemsof legislation of Ukraine regarding the issues of copyright on works created due to artificialintelligence were analyzed. Particularly, who is the owner of copyright ofworks created due to artificial intelligence. On the one hand, it could be a developer ofa computer program, from the other hand, it could be a client or an employer. Because,it could happen that there is a situation when robots created something newand original, e.g., how it happened with the project “New Rembrandt”. In this case,computers created a unique portrait of Rembrandt. And here is a question, where isin this portrait original and intellectual works of developers of these computers andprograms. In the contrast, this portrait could be created without people who developedspecial machines, programs, and computers. The article’s author proposes to addinto Ukrainian legislation with following norm: the owner of the copyright createddue to artificial intelligence should be a natural person who uses artificial intelligencefor these purposes within the official relationship or on the basis of a contract. In caseof automatic generation of such work by artificial intelligence, the owner of copyrightshould be the developer.Also, another question arises, particularly, who will be responsible for the damagecaused by the artificial intelligence. As an example, of the solution for this issue Resolution2015/2103 (INL) was given, where is mentioned that human agent could be responsiblefor the caused damage. Because, it is not always a developer is responsiblefor the damage.Also, the legislation and justice practice of foreign countries was explored. Theways of overcoming mentioned problems in legislation of Ukraine were proposed.Such as changing our legislation and giving the exact explanation in who is the ownerof copyright on works created due to artificial intelligence and in which cases this personcould become an owner of the copyright. However, probably, these issues shouldbe resolved at international level regarding globalization.
Artificial intelligence: economy, intellectual property, threats
Authors: Androshchuk Hennadii
Published: July 2021

Keywords: artificial intelligence, economic impact, intellectual property, regulation,cybersecurity, risks, threats, national security

Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, the spread of which is based on thewidespread use of digital information and the rapid growth of computing power, areleaving the realm of purely theoretical research and becoming one of the segmentsof the world market that can have truly revolutionary consequences. The paper provideseconomic and legal analysis of the state and trends of AI, identifies its impacton the economy, the importance of the role of intellectual property (IP), assesses therisks, threats and dangers of criminal use of AI, developed mechanisms to counterthem. The development of AI technologies as an integral part of «Industry 4.0» isconsidered, the main provisions of the «White Paper on Artificial Intelligence» ofthe EU are studied.Over the next decade, the EU plans to spend $20 billion a year on AI development.At the same time, the protection of IP rights in the context of AI development and relatedtechnologies has been unconsidered by the Commission, despite the key importanceof these rights. In legal regulation, AI is seen as a new challenge for the economyand the legal system, a new phenomenon that has a multiplier effect, a legal phenomenonin the structure of legal relations, a new object for legal regulation.

The introduction of AI in the field of IP creates new legal and economic problems.The creation of AI works is an integral area of activity in the modern digital economy.These circumstances bring to the fore the problem of recognition of authorship in thecreation of AI works, the possibility of authors to dispose of their rights and their useof mechanisms for legal protection of IP. The analysis of the cases considered bycourts connected with a problem of legal personality of AI is carried out, legislative activityon this question is studied. Possibilities and dangers of criminal use of AI areshown. They are ranked in order of their level of danger — depending on the harmthey may cause, the potential benefit or the benefit of crime. Prospects for the developmentof AI in Ukraine are shown, the Concept of development of artificial intelligencein Ukraine is analysed. It is concluded that AI should become one of the key driversof digital transformation and overall growth of Ukraine's economy.
EXPLORATION OF VARIOUS VISUAL DISPLAY METHODS FOR GEOVISUALIZATION PURPOSES
Authors: Susilo Helik , Rassarandi Farouki D , Susanta Febrian F , Putra Putra , Komariah Siti
Published: July 2021

Visual display is a technique that utilizes tools on the computer to explore and to present information. There are some variation of visual display methods that have been developed and widely used in the needs of geovisualization and cartography such us Parallel Coordinate Plot (PCP), Space Time Cube (STC), Self-Organize Map (SOM) and Cartogram. This research uses these methods includes definitions and functions, recommendations for using an application and their respective advantages and disadvantages. Applying the right visualization is based on the needs or goals of geovisualization because each visual display has unique characteristics.
EVALUASI NON-PHYSICAL WASTE DENGAN LEAN CONSTRUCTION PADA PROYEK GEDUNG SANGGALA
Authors: Tamallo Marselino Gamaliel , Nursin Afrizal
Published: July 2021

Abstract The construction industry faces many challenges with problems related to construction waste as it takes up time and effort without adding value to clients. A concept in project management, namely lean construction, has the main focus of minimizing waste and providing added value to a construction project. The purpose of this study was to know the existence of non-physical waste, its causative factors, and how lean construction can be implemented to minimize non-physical waste in earthworks, foundations and basement 2 of the Sanggala Hotel and Office Building Project. The study was carried out by observation, document study, and questionnaires to identify non-physical waste. This study showed that the non-physical waste that most often occurs in related project was equipment breakdown frequently with a weight of 0.086. Meanwhile, the non-physical waste variable that has the greatest impact on causing time overrun on the project was delayed schedule with a weight of 0.080. Equipment breakdown frequently is influenced dominantly by the equipment shortage. Delayed schedule is influenced dominantly by licensing problems. In general, lean construction approaches such as Construction Meetings, Preventive And Predictive Maintenance, and Fail-Safe For Quality And Safety can be applied by contractors to minimize non-physical waste that was dominant in the project. Keywords: Lean Construction, Non-Physical Waste, Waste
SIMULASI POLA OPERASI EMBUNG SERBAGUNA TAMBAKSARI KABUPATEN CILACAP DENGAN METODE STANDARD OPERATING RULE (SOR)
Authors: Noniasari Ines Epti , Utomo Puji
Published: July 2021

Abstract Human survival depends on water availability as water is a basic needs. As population increases, water becomes more limited. One of the ways to prevent draught is collecting water in retention basin. Tambaksari Multipurpose Retention Basin serves to provide basic water demand and irrigation water for the local community. Water availability and water demand should be equal, so a simulation of the operating patter of the retention basin is necessary to distribute water equally and determining the failure level of the retention basin in performing its task. In the present study, the retention basin operating pattern was simulated using Standard Operating Rule (SOR) method. The present study used secondary data, including population data, rainfall data, climatological data and technical data of the retention basin. The size of DAS Tambaksari is 0.41 km² while the size of the irrigated land is 12 Ha. The rainfall data was from 2008-2018 obtained from two rain stations, population data of Tambaksari Village was from 2008-2019, and the climatological data was from 2014-2019. The simulation result of the retention basin operating pattern using SOR method showed that the final collection wasn’t under minimum collection and failure happened in the operation of the retention basin for one year. . The optimal ability of the target release is 70.83% for the reliability of irrigation needs and the level of reliability for raw water needs of 58.33%. Population projection analysis to determine the population in 20 years showed that the future population of 4044 required 3.861 l/person/s of water. Irrigation demands for rice-rice-palawija planting pattern showed that irrigation intake was 11.89 l/s. Water balance determined the balance between inflow and outflow. The value for average water availability was 0.021 m³/s while total average water demand was 0.016 m³/s. therefore, the water availability in partial intake wasn’t able to meet the irrigation and basic water demands. Keywords: discharge, retention basin operation simulation, SOR
STUDI KELAYAKAN MATERIAL GUNUNG DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI ARAH MALANG-KOTA BATU DALAM PENGGUNAANNYA SEBAGAI SALAH SATU MATERIAL BETON
Authors: Naibaho Armin , Sugiarto Agus , Dewi Purnama
Published: July 2021

Abstract The use of the mountain seal used as a building block for concrete should be considered, based on current usage apart from being a light construction material for housing, mountain materials from these two places are used as the main aggregate material for building construction, water structures (dams), roads. and bridges located in the surrounding Malang-Kota Batu area To determine the size of the aggregate, the coarse aggregate is sieved using a vibrating sieve, while the fine aggregate is sieved by a hydraulic sieve. In the screening process, about 70% of the filtered must pass so that high efficiency and capacity can be achieved. The compressive strength test results obtained the average compressive strength value at 28 days of concrete for concrete with fine aggregate sand zone III and coarse aggregate (gravel) in the Batu City area is equivalent to 35.65 MPa. The results of the split tensile strength test showed that the average split strength value at the age of 28 days for concrete with fine aggregate sand zone III and coarse aggregate (gravel) in the Kota Batu area is equivalent to 2.51 MPa. The compressive strength value for normal concrete is 35.65 MPa, it should produce split tensile strength = 4.179 MPa according to the provisions of SNI T-15-1991-03 Article 3.2.5 (fr = 0.70√fc '). Even though the split tensile strength value obtained in the laboratory is only 2.51 MPa, this means that the quality of materials (sand and broken stone) from Batu City is not suitable for use as building materials. Because the number 2.51 MPa is relatively much smaller than the value of 4.179 MPa, it is only one of the factors outlined in the SNI T-15-1991-03 article 3.2.5. Keywords: Mountain Material, Concrete, Concrete Compressive Strength Test, Concrete Tensile Strength Test
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN SERBUK BATA MERAH TERHADAP NILAI CBR
Authors: Agustian Arif Muhammad Rayhan , Salimah A'isyah , Maha Agung Putera Agung
Published: July 2021

Abstract Soil is a collection of minerals, organic matter and relatively loose sediments that are located above the bedrock. Based on the particle size, it is divided into four types, namely gravel, sand, silt and clay. The role of soil is very important in a construction because the soil functions as a support for the loads that are above it, so that the soil is expected to have a good bearing capacity. In this study, the soil taken is soft soil in Hambalang, Bogor where the soil conditions in the area are hard in the dry season and soft in the rainy season, so it is necessary to review the CBR (California Bearing Ratio) value. In this study, using waste from red brick as an additive to soft soil. CBR testing is appropriate (SNI 1744: 2012), with the CBR Laboratory test soaked and unsoaked. Along with the addition of% red brick powder, the CBR values of soaked and unsoaked (top and bottom) have increased, so that the addition of% content of red brick powder is 15% respectively got a value of 4.55% and 4.9% (soaked) and 17.94% and 19.70 (unsoaked). So, from this CBR test, it was found that the effect of adding red brick powder increases CBR tilapia soaked and unsoaked soft soil of Hambalang. Keywords: Soft Soil, Red Brick Powder,CBR soaked, CBR unsoaked