bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
अभिलिखित लिच्छविकालीन मूर्ति विष्णुविक्रान्त : विश्लेषणात्मक विमर्श [Recorded Licchavikalin idol Vishnuvikranta: Analytical analysis]
Authors: खत्री Khatri ओम Om
Published: September 2021

विष्णुविक्रान्त मूर्तिहरू वैष्णव दर्शनमा आधारित विभव अर्थात् अवतारका उद्भृत (रिलिफ) मूर्तिहरू हुन् ।यी मूर्ति लिच्छविकालीन अभिलेखमा उत्कीर्णित स्मारकीय विशेषता भएका मूर्ति रचनामध्ये हालसम्म प्राप्यसर्वाधिक प्राचीन मूर्तिका रूपमा चिनिन्छन् । यस लेखमा एउटै कालमा रचित दुई ओटा मूर्ति रचनाबिचदृश्यमान कला पक्ष र आख्यानको संयोजनलाई विश्लेषणात्मक विमर्श गर्ने प्रयास गरिएको छ । श्रीमद्भागवत महापुराण, विष्णुधर्मोत्तर पुराण र मत्स्य पुराणलगायतका धार्मिक ग्रन्थहरूमा उल्लिखितबलिहरण कथाका आधारमा यी मूर्तिहरू रचना गरिएका छन्। यी मूर्ति लोक कल्याणहेतु विष्णुले धारणगरेका विभिन्न अवतारका प्रकरणमध्ये वामन अवतारको प्रसङ्गमा आधारित रहेका छन्। संवत् ३८९ कोराजा मानदेवको अभिलेखसहितका यी मूर्तिले ऐतिहासिक एवम् धार्मिक महŒव बोकेका छन्। एउटा मूर्तितिलगङ्गा पशुपतिमा रहेको छ भने अर्को लाजिम्पाट धोबीचौरमा स्थापना गरिएको र हाल राष्ट्रिय सङ्ग्रहालयको सङ्कलनमा रहेको छ। एउटै तिथिमितिका र एउटै विषयवस्तुमा आधारित रहे तापनिशिल्पगत पक्षका दृष्टिले उल्लिखित मूर्तिहरूमा केही पृथकता दृष्टिगोचर हुन्छ ।
Preservice Science Teachers’ Perceptions of Artificial Meat in the Context of Socio-Scientific Issue
Authors: AYDIN Fatih
Published: September 2021

The aim of this study is to analyse the issue of ‘’Artificial Meat’’, which is scientifically and socially controversial, in the context of a Socio-Scientific issue from the perspective of preservice science teachers. In this study in which qualitative research method is used, the issue of ‘’Artificial Meat’’ is dealt with as case study. Preservice science teachers (N=37) took part as participants. The participants were included on a volunteer basis and the criterion sampling method from the purposive sampling types. Data were obtained with two different ways. Firstly, scanning regarding Artificial Meat and making an infographic were demanded from the participants. Secondly, it was demanded from the participants to evaluate the issue of ‘’Artificial Meat’’ in the context of Socio-Scientific Issue. The content analysis was practiced over all the obtained data. It is seen that the results are similar. The participants have both positive and negative point of view regarding artificial meat. It is seen that the factors reflecting negative point of views are mostly within the frame of social factors while the factors reflecting positive point of views are environmental impacts besides economy and cost. Considering that in the context of Socio- scientific issues, we can see two results. First one is that the issue of “Artificial Meat” can be evaluated as a Socio- Scientific issue. The second one is that the factors revealing in the findings can be considered as the practicable factors in the education of the artificial meat in the context of socio-scientific issue.
Percutaneous Intervention in Acute Renal Attack
Authors: Reza A.Q.M
Published: September 2021

A young patient with renal infarction presented with right lower abdominal pain due to renal artery thrombosis is a rare clinical condition that warrants epidemiologic, clinical, angiographic, and prognostic importance. The patient’s condition was acute and was featured with abdominal pain, leukocytosis, and minimal renal impairment. The case presented here enabled us to widened our vision with patients presented with abdominal pain should warrant clinical suspicion about renal infarction although this is a rare clinical entity.
Studies of tiger beetles. CXIX. Three new species for the fauna of Vietnam (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae)
Authors: Cassola F.
Published: September 2021

Three tiger beetle species, Therates differens Sawada & Wiesner, 1999, Calomera brevipilosa (W. Horn, 1908) and Cosmodela separata (Fleutiaux, 1893), are recorded from Vietnam for the first time. The known tiger beetle fauna of this country is thus raised to a total of 132 species (45, or 34% of which are endemic), what definitely ranges Vietnam among the countries of the world with the richest outstanding entomological biodiversity (km2/species ratio: 2.507).
Three new species of the genus Smaragdina from China (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
Authors: Lopatin I.K.
Published: September 2021

Smaragdina volkovitshi sp. n., S. nigroviolacea sp. n. and S. tani sp. n. from China are described. Figures of aedeagi of new and related species are given. A new name for Smaragdina minuta L. Medvedev (non Jacoby) is proposed.
Une construction fiscale indéterminée
Authors: Négrin Olivier
Published: September 2021

La crise sanitaire qui a éclaté pendant l’hiver 2020 a mis à l’épreuve l’ensemble des États. Les dépenses publiques qu’elle a engendrées conduiront inévitablement à une mobilisation prochaine des ressources fiscales. Dans ce contexte incertain, il apparaît important d’identifier au sein du système fiscal français les éléments structurants qui, concernant aussi bien la fiscalité des particuliers que celle des entreprises, apparaissent comme susceptibles d’évoluer et ceux qui, au contraire, semblent actuellement intangibles.
Une opportunité financière de circonstance : la transition écologique
Authors: Viessant Céline
Published: September 2021

La crise sanitaire peut-elle être considérée comme une opportunité permettant de renforcer le financement de la transition écologique ? En pratique, la plupart des instruments budgétaires et fiscaux sont mobilisés ou sont apparus avant le déclenchement de cette crise. Il n’empêche que les moyens financiers dégagés en faveur de la transition écologique sont significativement en augmentation depuis un an même si l’instrument fiscal reste toujours peu utilisé.
Managing the Risk of Crisis in Public Finance in Asia: a Pre-study on the Fiscal Mentality of Imperial China and its Surrounding Countries
Authors: Lan Yuan-Chun , Sasaki Norio
Published: September 2021

A financial crisis can somehow imply an aspect of social crisis but a social crisis usually reflects the crisis of the society per se, and therefore the historical and cultural background as well as the legal and financial system therefrom. In the case of Asia, the context should add another storyline of the reception and integration of western ideas, including, inter alia, justification of taxation and its implication on government intervention. This paper examines such elements in the form of dialogue with historical accounts of traditional Chinese thoughts.
Crise budgétaire, crise sanitaire et fédéralisme financier : Observations à l’aune du cas belge
Authors: de Visscher Christian , Piron Damien
Published: September 2021

Le fédéralisme financier en Belgique connaît un paradoxe fondamental. Il est tout d’abord le fruit d’une logique de divergence alimentée par des dissensions politiques et économiques entre entités fédérées. Son évolution témoigne néanmoins d’une logique de convergence budgétaire, initialement dictée par la volonté d’enrayer les conséquences néfastes de l’importante dette publique, puis renforcée par l’accentuation progressive des contraintes budgétaires européennes.
Association of venous thromboembolism following pediatric traumatic spinal injuries with injury severity and longer hospital stays
Authors: Hauser Blake M. , Hoffman Samantha E. , Gupta Saksham , Zaki Mark M. , Xu Edward , Chua Melissa , Bernstock Joshua D. , Khawaja Ayaz , Smith Timothy R. , Proctor Mark R. , Zaidi Hasan A.
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVE

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) can cause significant morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients, and may disproportionately occur in patients with limited mobility following spinal trauma. The authors aimed to characterize the epidemiology and clinical predictors of VTE in pediatric patients following traumatic spinal injuries (TSIs).

METHODS

The authors conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of children who experienced TSI, including spinal fractures and spinal cord injuries, encoded within the National Trauma Data Bank from 2011 to 2014.

RESULTS

Of the 22,752 pediatric patients with TSI, 192 (0.8%) experienced VTE during initial hospitalization. Proportionally, more patients in the VTE group (77%) than in the non-VTE group (68%) presented following a motor vehicle accident. Patients developing VTE had greater odds of presenting with moderate (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4–4.8) or severe Glasgow Coma Scale scores (aOR 4.3, 95% CI 3.0–6.1), epidural hematoma (aOR 2.8, 95% CI 1.4–5.7), and concomitant abdominal (aOR 2.4, 95% CI 1.8–3.3) and/or lower extremity (aOR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1–2.0) injuries. They also had greater odds of being obese (aOR 2.9, 95% CI 1.6–5.5). Neither cervical, thoracic, nor lumbar spine injuries were significantly associated with VTE. However, involvement of more than one spinal level was predictive of VTE (aOR 1.3, 95% CI 1.0–1.7). Spinal cord injury at any level was also significantly associated with developing VTE (aOR 2.5, 95% CI 1.8–3.5). Patients with VTE stayed in the hospital an adjusted average of 19 days longer than non-VTE patients. They also had greater odds of discharge to a rehabilitative facility or home with rehabilitative services (aOR 2.6, 95% CI 1.8–3.6).

CONCLUSIONS

VTE occurs in a low percentage of hospitalized pediatric patients with TSI. Injury severity is broadly associated with increased odds of developing VTE; specific risk factors include concomitant injuries such as cranial epidural hematoma, spinal cord injury, and lower extremity injury. Patients with VTE also require hospital-based and rehabilitative care at greater rates than other patients with TSI.
Association of findings on preoperative extension lateral cervical radiography with osteotomy type, approach, and postoperative cervical alignment after cervical deformity surgery
Authors: Le Hai V. , Wick Joseph B. , Lafage Renaud , Mundis Gregory M. , Eastlack Robert K. , Bess Shay , Burton Douglas C. , Ames Christopher P. , Smith Justin S. , Passias Peter G. , Gupta Munish C. , Lafage Virginie , Klineberg Eric O. , _ _
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVE

The authors’ objective was to determine whether preoperative lateral extension cervical spine radiography can be used to predict osteotomy type and postoperative alignment parameters after cervical spine deformity surgery.

METHODS

A total of 106 patients with cervical spine deformity were reviewed. Radiographic parameters on preoperative cervical neutral and extension lateral radiography were compared with 3-month postoperative radiographic alignment parameters. The parameters included T1 slope, C2 slope, C2–7 cervical lordosis, cervical sagittal vertical axis, and T1 slope minus cervical lordosis. Associations of radiographic parameters with osteotomy type and surgical approach were also assessed.

RESULTS

On extension lateral radiography, patients who underwent lower grade osteotomy had significantly lower T1 slope, T1 slope minus cervical lordosis, cervical sagittal vertical axis, and C2 slope. Patients who achieved more normal parameters on extension lateral radiography were more likely to undergo surgery via an anterior approach. Although baseline parameters were significantly different between neutral lateral and extension lateral radiographs, 3-month postoperative lateral and preoperative extension lateral radiographs were statistically similar for T1 slope minus cervical lordosis and C2 slope.

CONCLUSIONS

Radiographic parameters on preoperative extension lateral radiography were significantly associated with surgical approach and osteotomy grade and were similar to those on 3-month postoperative lateral radiography. These results demonstrated that extension lateral radiography is useful for preoperative planning and predicting postoperative alignment.
Preoperative prediction of postoperative urinary retention in lumbar surgery: a comparison of regression to multilayer neural network
Authors: Porche Ken , Maciel Carolina B. , Lucke-Wold Brandon , Robicsek Steven A. , Chalouhi Nohra , Brennan Meghan , Busl Katharina M.
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVE

Postoperative urinary retention (POUR) is a common complication after spine surgery and is associated with prolongation of hospital stay, increased hospital cost, increased rate of urinary tract infection, bladder overdistention, and autonomic dysregulation. POUR incidence following spine surgery ranges between 5.6% and 38%; no reliable prediction tool to identify those at higher risk is available, and that constitutes an important gap in the literature. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a preoperative risk model to predict the occurrence of POUR following routine elective spine surgery.

METHODS

The authors conducted a retrospective chart review of consecutive adults who underwent lumbar spine surgery between June 1, 2017, and June 1, 2019. Patient characteristics, preexisting ICD-10 codes, preoperative pain and opioid use, preoperative alpha-1 blocker use, details of surgical planning, development of POUR, and management strategies were abstracted from electronic medical records. A binomial logistic model and a multilayer perceptron (MLP) were optimized using training and validation sets. The models’ performance was then evaluated on model-naïve patients (not a part of either cohort). The models were then stacked to take advantage of each model’s strengths and to avoid their weaknesses. Four additional models were developed from previously published models adjusted to include only relevant factors (i.e., factors known preoperatively and applied to the lumbar spine).

RESULTS

Overall, 891 patients were included in the cohort, with a mean of 59.6 ± 15.5 years of age, 52.7% male, BMI 30.4 ± 6.4, American Society of Anesthesiologists class 2.8 ± 0.6, and a mean of 5.6 ± 5.7 comorbidities. The rate of POUR was found to be 25.9%. The two models were comparable, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.737 for the regression model and 0.735 for the neural network. By combining the two models, an AUC of 0.753 was achieved. With a regression model probability cutoff of 0.24 and a neural network cutoff of 0.23, maximal sensitivity and specificity were achieved, with specificity 68.2%, sensitivity 72.9%, negative predictive value 88.2%, and positive predictive value 43.4%. Both models individually outperformed previously published models (AUC 0.516–0.645) when applied to the current data set.

CONCLUSIONS

This predictive model can be a powerful preoperative tool in predicting patients who will be likely to develop POUR. By using a combination of regression and neural network modeling, good sensitivity, specificity, and NPV are achieved.
Intraparenchymal hemorrhage after serial ventricular reservoir taps in neonates with hydrocephalus and association with neurodevelopmental outcome at 2 years of age
Authors: Cizmeci Mehmet N. , de Vries Linda S. , Tataranno Maria Luisa , Zecic Alexandra , van de Pol Laura A. , Alarcon Ana , Groenendaal Floris , Woerdeman Peter A.
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVE

Decompressing the ventricles with a temporary device is often the initial neurosurgical intervention for preterm infants with hydrocephalus. The authors observed a subgroup of infants who developed intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH) after serial ventricular reservoir taps and sought to describe the characteristics of IPH and its association with neurodevelopmental outcome.

METHODS

In this multicenter, case-control study, for each neonate with periventricular and/or subcortical IPH, a gestational age-matched control with reservoir who did not develop IPH was selected. Digital cranial ultrasound (cUS) scans and term-equivalent age (TEA)–MRI (TEA-MRI) studies were assessed. Ventricular measurements were recorded prior to and 3 days and 7 days after reservoir insertion. Changes in ventricular volumes were calculated. Neurodevelopmental outcome was assessed at 2 years corrected age using standardized tests.

RESULTS

Eighteen infants with IPH (mean gestational age 30.0 ± 4.3 weeks) and 18 matched controls were included. Reduction of the ventricular volumes relative to occipitofrontal head circumference after 7 days of reservoir taps was greater in infants with IPH (mean difference −0.19 [95% CI −0.37 to −0.004], p = 0.04). Cognitive and motor Z-scores were similar in infants with and those without IPH (mean difference 0.42 [95% CI −0.17 to 1.01] and 0.58 [95% CI −0.03 to 1.2]; p = 0.2 and 0.06, respectively). Multifocal IPH was negatively associated with cognitive score (coefficient −0.51 [95% CI −0.88 to −0.14], p = 0.009) and ventriculoperitoneal shunt with motor score (coefficient −0.50 [95% CI −1.6 to −0.14], p = 0.02) after adjusting for age at the time of assessment.

CONCLUSIONS

This study reports for the first time that IPH can occur after a rapid reduction of the ventricular volume during the 1st week after the initiation of serial reservoir taps in neonates with hydrocephalus. Further studies on the use of cUS to guide the amount of cerebrospinal fluid removal are warranted.
СУСПІЛЬНА МОРАЛЬ ТА МОРАЛЬНІСТЬ ЯК ОБ’ЄКТИ ДЕРЖАВНО-ПРАВОВОГО ЗАХИСТУ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: ЄМЕЦЬ Олег
Published: September 2021

Метою статті є визначення суспільної моралі та моральності як об’єктів державно-правового захисту в Україні. Встановлено, що поняття «мораль» і «моральність» виникли ще в стародавні часи. Зусилля щодо їх визначення пройшли вагомий еволюційний шлях, що відображено в оприлюднених думках мислителів різних епох. Попри це, дискусії стосовно їх змісту тривають досі, що вказує на неоднозначність їх розуміння. Аргументовано, що поняття «мораль» і «моральність» не треба ототожнювати, а також запропоновано внести певні зміни до чинного законодавства для визначення значення терміна «моральність» як об’єкта державно-правового захисту в Україні, що потребує фахового обговорення. Одержані та оприлюднені результати дослідження можуть бути використані правниками під час заходів щодо захисту суспільної моралі та моральності, а також вченими під час наукових розробок у цій сфері надалі.
РЕТРОСПЕКТИВНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНОСТІ ЗА КРИМІНАЛЬНІ ПРОСТУПКИ ПРОТИ ЖИТТЯ ТА ЗДОРОВ’Я ОСОБИ
Authors: ГОГА Артем
Published: September 2021

Стаття присвячена ретроспективному аналізу відповідальності за кримінальні проступки проти життя та здоров’я особи. Висвітлено історичний розвиток законодавства у сфері відповідальності за кримінальні проступки проти життя та здоров’я особи з часів звичаєвого права й до теперішнього часу. Акцентовано увагу на необхідності перегляду виду покарання та віднесення окремих кримінальних проступків до злочинів.
ВАЖЛИВІСТЬ ДОТРИМАННЯ ПРАВ І СВОБОД ОСОБИ ПІД ЧАС ПРОВЕДЕННЯ ОБШУКУ ПРИ РОЗСЛІДУВАННІ КРИМІНАЛЬНИХ ПРАВОПОРУШЕНЬ, ВЧИНЕНИХ ШЛЯХОМ ШАХРАЙСТВА
Authors: ПАВЛОВА Наталя
Published: September 2021

У статті висвітлюються нормативно-правові акти, які регламентують забезпечення прав і свобод осіб, в яких проводиться обшук. Наводяться випадки, коли через необхідність виконання завдань кримінального судочинства обмежуються права та свободи особи. Виокремлено основні проблемні ситуації, що виникають під час проведення обшуку та пропонуються шляхи їх вирішення з урахуванням дотримання законодавчих вимог.
New China’s First Civil Code: Problems of Theory and Practice
Authors: Troshchinskiy Pavel
Published: September 2021

On January the 1st, 2021, the first Civil Code in the history of the People's Republic of China took effect. The process of codification of civil legislation began in the PRC back in the 1950s. However, due to various circumstances, the Code wasn't adopted during the 20th century. Only in virtue of the initiative of Xi Jinping, the General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, the work on the content of a largecodified act of civil law was successfully completed and the Chinese parliament approved the Code in May 2020. A kind of "economic constitution", which is understood as the Civil Code, is designed to regulate a wide range of civil law relations, comprehensively protect the legal rights and interests of a wide range of participants. The emergence of the Civil Code in the legal system of China was a major event in the history of the country, it was carried out as a part of a large-scale campaign to strengthen the rule of law and rule the state on the basis of the law. The content of the Civil Code of the PRC is of significant theoretical and practical interest both for the Russian legal and sinological sciences, and for all compatriots working with China and in China. The research of the Code requires a deep immersion in the Chinese political and legal reality, an understanding of the foundations of public administration in a new era, and also an awareness of the specifics of legal culture, the legal consciousness of Chinese citizens and law enforcement practice.
North Korea: What is the Direction of Further Evolution
Authors: Prozorovsky Anatoliy
Published: September 2021

The article analyzes the changes that have occurred in the DPRK economy during the years of Kim Jong-un's rule. The article considers the significant shifts that have taken place in the direction of a market economy, both in industry and in agriculture. At the same time, it is noted that market innovations are officially presented under the guise of elements of self-financing and the further development of socialism. Not all of the functioning market schemes have received the appropriate legislative formalization and, thus, remain illegal, although they are widely used in practice.
Nevertheless, the country has been successfully developing for a number of years, demonstrating steady economic growth, a construction boom, the widespread introduction of information technologies, as well as significant progress in rocket science and the improvement of the nuclear arsenal. Numerous missile tests in 2017 led to a sharp aggravation of the situation on the peninsula, tightening of international sanctions, slowing down development and freezing further "reforms".
Kim Jong-un's attempts to find a way out of the current situation through initiating a negotiation process with the ROK and the United States undoubtedly contributed to reducing tension in the region, however, in general, they were not crowned with success. The course to create a self-sufficient economy with the appearance of the threat of COVID-19 was accomplished with a regime of severe self-isolation.
In conclusion, considerations are expressed regarding the ways of further development of North Korea. It is predicted that the role of the state will increase in the economic life of the country, which, after a series of successes and achievements, has found itself in the most difficult situation in the last twenty years.
Overseas Chinese Affairs Policy of the PRC from Jiang Zemin to Xi Jinping (Part 1)
Authors: Afonasieva Alina
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the PRC's overseas Chinese affairs policy during the reign of Jiang Zemin, Hu Jintao, and Xi Jinping (1993 — present).During this period, the previously created mechanisms of foreign policy towards Overseas Chinese (huaqiao-huaren) and domestic policy towards re-emigrants and relatives of emigrants and re-emigrants (guiqiao-qiaojuan) became a flexible system, which can adapt to the Chinese and international reality, and effectively attracting the resources of the diaspora to the implementation of large-scale projects and initiatives of the PRC.
The first part of the article analyzes the theoretical views and attitudes of Jiang Zemin, Hu Jintao, and Xi Jinping to work with the Chinese diaspora. It presents the theory of overseas Chinese as a unique resource and advantage for the large-scale development of the PRC; as a "three great available opportunities" for building a moderately prosperous society, combating separatism, developing public diplomacy; and as an important part of foreign relations of China and an as a supporting force for the stimulation the state's development. It outlines the guiding ideologies, key principles, and objectives of this work. It analyzes the main directions of foreign policy towards overseas Chinese. The author focuses on the issues of protecting the rights and interests of compatriots abroad, uniting the Chinese diaspora, attracting huaqiao-huazhen to the development of trade and economic cooperation of the PRC with foreign states and business, and organizing the participation of huaqiao-huazhen in the reunification of the motherland.
The second part of the article is devoted to the analysis of the domestic policy towards overseas Chinese.
Immediate changes in chest mobility and trunk muscle activity during pelvic tilt following different trunk muscle exercises
Authors: Uebayashi Kazuma , Okubo Yu , Nishikawa Takuya , Morikami Taro , Hatanaka Jindo
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Given the characteristics of the superficial trunk muscles that cross the chest and pelvis, their excessive contraction might limit chest mobility. OBJECTIVE: To examine the immediate effects of two types of trunk muscle exercises on chest mobility and trunk muscle activities. METHODS: Fourteen healthy men (age: 21.1 ± 1.0 years, height: 172.7 ± 5.6 cm, weight: 61.0 ± 7.1 kg, body mass index: 20.4 ± 1.7 kg/m2; mean ± SD) randomly performed trunk side flexion and draw-in exercises using a cross-over design. The chest kinematic data and trunk muscle activities were measured before and after each intervention during the following tasks: maximum inspiration/expiration and maximum pelvic anterior/posterior tilt while standing. Two-way repeated measures analysis of variance was used for statistical analysis (P< 0.05). RESULTS: After the side flexion, upper and lower chest mobility significantly decreased, and superficial trunk muscle activity significantly increased during the maximum pelvic anterior tilt (P< 0.05). Additionally, after the draw-in, upper chest mobility significantly increased during the maximum pelvic anterior tilt (P< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Increased activity of the superficial abdominal muscles might limit chest mobility during maximum pelvic anterior tilt. Conversely, the facilitation of deep trunk muscles might increase upper chest mobility during the maximum pelvic anterior tilt.
MicroRNA-182-5p and microRNA-205-5p as potential biomarkers for prognostic stratification of p16-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Weiss Bernhard G. , Anczykowski Mahalia Zoe , Ihler Friedrich , Bertlich Mattis , Spiegel Jennifer L. , Haubner Frank , Canis Martin , Küffer Stefan , Hess Julia , Unger Kristian , Kitz Julia , Jakob Mark
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs constitute promising biomarkers. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to investigate diagnostic and prognostic implications of miR-182-5p and miR-205-5p in p16-positive and p16-negative oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCCs). METHODS: Expression of miR-182-5p, miR-205-5p were determined via quantitative real-time-PCR in fresh frozen tissues of 26 p16-positive, 19 p16-negative OPSCCs and 18 HPV-negative oropharyngeal controls. Associations between miRNA-expression, clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis were analyzed. RESULTS: Higher miR-182-5p expression was associated with significant inferior disease-specific survival for p16-positive OPSCCs (HR = 1.98E+09, 95% CI 0–Inf; P= 0.028) and a similar trend was observed for p16-negative OPSCCs (HR = 1.56E+09, 95% CI 0–Inf; P= 0.051). Higher miR-205-5p expression was associated with an inferior progression-free survival (HR = 4.62, 95% CI 0.98–21.83; P= 0.034) and local control rate (HR = 2.18E+09, 95% CI 0–Inf; P= 0.048) for p16-positive OPSCCs. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate that miR-182-5p and miR-205-5p can further stratify patients with p16-positive OPSCC into prognostic groups.
ADAW: Age decay accuracy weighted ensemble method for drifting data stream mining
Authors: Srivastava Ritesh , Mittal Veena
Published: September 2021

Dynamic environment data generators are very often in real-world that produce data streams. A data source of a dynamic environment generates data streams in which the underlying data distribution changes very frequently with respect to time and hence results in concept drifts. As compared to the stationary environment, learning in the dynamic environment is very difficult due to the presence of concept drifts. Learning in dynamic environment requires evolutionary and adaptive approaches to be accommodated with the learning algorithms. Ensemble methods are commonly used to build classifiers for learning in a dynamic environment. The ensemble methods of learning are generally described at three very crucial aspects, namely, the learning and testing method employed, result integration method and forgetting mechanism for old concepts. In this paper, we propose a novel approach called Age Decay Accuracy Weighted (ADAW) ensemble architecture for learning in concept drifting data streams. The ADAW method assigned weights to the component classifiers based on its accuracy and its remaining life-time in the ensemble is such a way that ensures maximum accuracy. We empirically evaluated ADAW on benchmark artificial drifting data stream generators and real datasets and compared its performance with ten well-known state-of-the-art existing methods. The experimental results show that ADAW outperforms over the existing methods.
Efficient computation of target-oriented link criticalness centrality in uncertain graphs
Authors: Saito Kazumi , Fushimi Takayasu , Ohara Kouzou , Kimura Masahiro , Motoda Hiroshi
Published: September 2021

We challenge the problem of efficiently identifying critical links that substantially degrade network performance if they do not function under a realistic situation where each link is probabilistically disconnected, e.g., unexpected traffic accident in a road network and unexpected server down in a communication network. To solve this problem, we utilize the bridge detection technique in graph theory and efficiently identify critical links in case the node reachability is taken as the performance measure.To be more precise, we define a set of target nodes and a new measure associated with it, Target-oriented latent link Criticalness Centrality (TCC), which is defined as the marginal loss of the expected number of nodes in the network that can reach, or equivalently can be reached from, one of the target nodes, and compute TCC for each link by use of detected bridges. We apply the proposed method to two real-world networks, one from social network and the other from spatial network, and empirically show that the proposed method has a good scalability with respect to the network size and the links our method identified possess unique properties. They are substantially more critical than those obtained by the others, and no known measures can replace the TCC measure.
Dementia and Parkinson’s Disease: Risk Factors for 30-Day Mortality in Nursing Home Residents with COVID-19
Authors: Rutten Jeanine J.S. , van Kooten Janine , van Loon Anouk M. , van Buul Laura W. , Joling Karlijn J. , Smalbrugge Martin , Hertogh Cees M.P.M.
Published: September 2021

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to high mortality rates in nursing homes (NHs) in Europe. For adequate risk management and good prognostications, it is essential to identify mortality risk factors. Objective: This study aimed to determine whether previously identified risk factors for 30-day mortality in Dutch NH residents with COVID-19 are unique to COVID-19. Methods: In this cohort study, we included 1,294 NH residents with COVID-19 (cases) and 17,999 NH residents without COVID-19 (controls, from the pre-COVID-19 period). We used descriptive statistics and Cox proportional hazard models to compare mortality rates in residents with and without COVID-19, categorized by risk factors. Results: Cases had a more than 18 times higher hazard of death within 30 days compared to controls (HR 18, 95%CI: 16–20). For residents with COVID-19, being male, having dementia, and having Parkinson’s disease (PD) were all associated with a higher 30-day mortality (HR 1.8 versus 1.3 versus 1.7). Being male was also associated with a higher mortality (HR 1.7) in the control group, whereas having dementia and PD were not. COVID-19 symptomatology was very similar for residents with and without dementia or PD, except for delirium and malaise which was more frequent in residents with dementia. Conclusion: Dementia and PD were significant additional risk factors for mortality in Dutch NH residents with COVID-19, whereas male gender was not unique to residents with COVID-19. The frailty of PD and dementia in NH residents with COVID-19 are relevant to consider in prognostication, communication, and care planning with residents and their families.
Driving and Parkinson’s Disease: A Survey of the Patient’s Perspective
Authors: Brock Peter , Oates Lloyd L. , Gray William K. , Henderson Emily J. , Mann Helen , Haunton Victoria J. , Skelly Rob , Hand Annette , Davies Matthew L , Walker Richard W.
Published: September 2021

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a multi-system disorder that can impact on driving ability. Little is known about how these changes in driving ability affect people with PD, making it difficult for clinicians and carers to offer appropriate support. Objective: To assess patient views concerning the effect of PD on their driving ability, the impact of these changes and how they manage them. Method: An online survey was created by a team of clinicians, people with PD, their carers, and representatives from Parkinson’s UK. People with PD throughout the United Kingdom were invited to participate through Parkinson’s UK’s website, newsletter and Parkinson’s Excellence Network email list. Results: 805 people with PD took part in the survey. We found that the loss of a driving licence had an adverse impact on employment, socialisation, travel costs and spontaneous lifestyle choices. Multiple changes in driving ability related to PD were described, including that impulse control disorders can have an adverse impact on driving. Changes in driving ability caused people to change their driving practices including taking shorter journeys and being less likely to drive at night. Participants advised managing changes in driving ability through planning, vehicle adaptions, maintaining skills and self-assessment. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the impact that changes in driving ability can have on the lifestyle of people with PD and reveals the strategies that individuals adopt to manage these changes.
Returning to work after acquired brain injury: A mixed method case study
Authors: Burke Valerie , O’Rourke Laura , Duffy Emer
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Vocation is a meaningful area of rehabilitation after Acquired Brain Injury (ABI). There is a discrepancy between the number of individuals with an ABI who feel able to work and those who are employed in Ireland. Research suggests that Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) programs enhance Return to Work (RTW) outcomes after ABI, however existing literature is limited. OBJECTIVE: This study explores the experience of engaging in VR post ABI, and its impact upon work self-efficacy. METHODS: A mixed methods case study design was selected to represent the individuality of ABI presentations. Participants completed a qualitative interview at VR follow up (N = 2) and the Work Self-Efficacy Inventory at pre/post VR. RESULTS: Four overarching themes emerged including Stigma, Adjustment, Support and Readiness. RTW challenges included fatigue, accepting support, adjusting to work and stigma. RTW benefits included routine, pride in work, skills development, and empowerment. Wilcoxon signed rank indicated that work self-efficacy scores mildly improved post VR. CONCLUSIONS: This research may inform VR Programs and offers pragmatic clinical implications based on the data. Future research should consider the role that readiness plays in facilitating RTW. Limitations include sample size, a lack of longitudinal data and control group.
Decoding the coupling between the brain and skin reactions in auditory stimulation by information-based analysis of EEG and GSR signals
Authors: Pakniyat Najmeh , Namazi Hamidreza
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: The analysis of brain activity in different conditions is an important research area in neuroscience. OBJECTIVE: This paper analyzed the correlation between the brain and skin activities in rest and stimulations by information-based analysis of electroencephalogram (EEG) and galvanic skin resistance (GSR) signals. METHODS: We recorded EEG and GSR signals of eleven subjects during rest and auditory stimulations using three pieces of music that were differentiated based on their complexity. Then, we calculated the Shannon entropy of these signals to quantify their information contents. RESULTS: The results showed that music with greater complexity has a more significant effect on altering the information contents of EEG and GSR signals. We also found a strong correlation (r= 0.9682) among the variations of the information contents of EEG and GSR signals. Therefore, the activities of the skin and brain are correlated in different conditions. CONCLUSION: This analysis technique can be utilized to evaluate the correlation among the activities of various organs versus brain activity in different conditions.
Identification of hub genes specific to pulmonary metastasis in osteosarcoma through integrated bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Chai Yinan , Xu Lihan , He Rui , Zhong Liangjun , Wang Yuying
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary metastasis is the most frequent cause of death in osteosarcoma (OS) patients. Recently, several bioinformatics studies specific to pulmonary metastatic osteosarcoma (PMOS) have been applied to identify genetic alterations. However, the interpretation and reliability of the results obtained were limited for the independent database analysis. OBJECTIVE: The expression profiles and key pathways specific to PMOS remain to be comprehensively explored. Therefore, in our study, three original datasets of GEO database were selected. METHODS: Initially, three microarray datasets (GSE14359, GSE14827, and GSE85537) were downloaded from the GEO database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between PMOS and nonmetastatic osteosarcoma (NMOS) were identified and mined using DAVID. Subsequently, GO and KEGG pathway analyses were carried out for DEGs. Corresponding PPI network of DEGs was constructed based on the data collected from STRING datasets. The network was visualized with Cytoscape software, and ten hub genes were selected from the network. Finally, survival analysis of these hub genes also used the TARGET database. RESULTS: In total, 569 upregulated and 1238 downregulated genes were filtered as DEGs between PMOS and NMOS. Based on the GO analysis result, these DEGs were significantly enriched in the anatomical structure development, extracellular matrix, biological adhesion, and cell adhesion terms. Based on the KEGG pathway analysis result, these DEGs were mainly enriched in the pathways in cancer, PI3K-Akt signaling, MAPK signaling, focal adhesion, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and IL-17 signaling. Hub genes (ANXA1 and CXCL12) were significantly associated with overall survival time in OS patient. CONCLUSION: Our results may provide new insight into pulmonary metastasis of OS. However, experimental studies remain necessary to elucidate the biological function and mechanism underlying PMOS.
A percepção dos agentes econômicos sobre o novo plano de desenvolvimento econômico, com foco em atração de investimentos produtivos para a região metropolitana de Brasília
Authors: Carvalho Rogério Galvão de , Casadio Maxwell Anderson do Prado , Souza Gabriel Luiz Lino de
Published: September 2021

Há indícios que os programas em vigor para gerar desenvolvimento econômico na região metropolitana de Brasília estão dando baixos retornos, principalmente os que tentam promover investimentos. Assim o governo vê necessidade em elaborar uma nova política pública, que coordene todos os agentes econômicos envolvidos para esse fim. Porém ainda no começo da elaboração da nova política de desenvolvimento surge a dúvida: Como os agentes do governo, setor produtivo e pesquisadores do Distrito Federal enxergam a formulação de um novo plano de desenvolvimento? Assim, o presente trabalho consiste em fazer uma consulta a alguns desses agentes e colher suas percepções acerca de 1) O nível de maturidade das políticas públicas voltadas para o desenvolvimento socioeconômico, em Brasília nos últimos tempos; 2) O grau importância de uma política pública específica para esse fim; e 3) A satisfação com relação as diretrizes pretendidas para o Plano de Desenvolvimento Econômico com foco em Atração de Investimentos Produtivos. Assim, com essa pesquisa descobrimos se, na percepção de seus agentes econômicos, a referida política pública possui as características necessárias e suficientes para transformar a Região Metropolitana de Brasília numa área nacional de atração de investimentos e para tornar seu crescimento menos condicionado aos gastos do governo.
Evasão e permanência estudantil no instituto federal de São Paulo: reflexões
Authors: Kiessling Hélio Fritz , Cruz Maria do Carmo Meirelles Toledo , Almeida Júlio Gomes
Published: September 2021

Neste artigo, aborda-se o tema da permanência estudantil e considera-se a igualdade de condições para o acesso e a permanência do aluno na escola como um dos princípios constitucionais para garantir o direito à Educação. Objetiva-se conhecer textos produzidos por autores que mantêm vínculos com o Instituto Federal de São Paulo (IFSP) e que abordam ações de permanência estudantil de alunos no Instituto como meio de reduzir a evasão. Na pesquisa bibliográfica exploratória, foram considerados trabalhos acadêmicos produzidos por servidores e discentes do IFSP cujos temas são evasão e permanência estudantil. A análise desses trabalhos envolveu o conteúdo dos resumos, as palavras-chaves e as considerações finais dos trabalhos por eles escritos. Assim, identificou-se que os autores veem a evasão como um fenômeno complexo que envolve fatores pessoais, sociais e institucionais. Nas produções analisadas, há um diálogo entre evasão e permanência e é apontada a necessidade da união de esforços para criar ações que, somadas às já existentes, contribuam para que os alunos permaneçam na escola e finalizem seus estudos. Destacam, ainda, a importância das ações da assistência estudantil promovidas pelo IFSP, assim como melhorias da qualidade da Educação por meio de ações que envolvam ambiente escolar, acesso, infraestrutura, currículo, gestão, profissionais da Educação e apoio didático-pedagógico.
Sorghum Grain and Stover Nutrient Concentrations as Influenced by Tillage and Soil Amendment in Semi-Arid Burkina Faso
Authors: Siébou Palé , Jean-Baptiste Taonda Sibiri , Stephen C. Mason , Idriss Sermé , Adama Sohoro , Soma Etienne Barro
Published: September 2021

Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench) is a major grain crop in Burkina Faso. Two three-year experiments were conducted in the Sudanian and Sudano-Sahelian zones to determine how plant nutrient concentrations are affected by tillage methods (T) and soil amendments (SA). In both locations, T and SA had little effect on grain and stover nutrient concentrations with some cases of inconsistency across years. Some nutrient concentrations differed by year. The grain nutrient concentrations of N, P, Mg, S, Zn, and Fe were adequate for human nutrition at both locations, but deficient for K, Ca, Mn and Cu. Sorghum nutrient concentrations for feeding cattle were adequate for K, Ca, Mg, S, Mn, and Zn in most cases at both locations but low for N, P, and Cu. The stover N and P concentrations also appeared to be deficient for optimal plant growth. In both agroecological zones, nutrient applications or genetic enhancement to improve deficient nutrient concentrations, or use of diverse foodstuffs, or biofortified sorghum to provide deficient nutrients in human and cattle diets is needed to meet dietary requirements. In addition to grain and stover yield, studies need to evaluate grain nutrient and stover nutrient concentrations to meet human and cattle dietary requirements.
Огляд референтних рівнів західноєвропейської асоціації органів регулювання ядерної безпеки (WENRA) для дослідницьких реакторів
Authors: Shepitchak А. , Kukhotskyi O. , Ligotskyy O.
Published: September 2021

Дослідницькі реактори є центрами інновацій та розвитку ядерних технологій, енергетики та науки, а сфера їх використання охоплює широкий спектр галузей. Конструкція деяких дослідницьких реакторів подібна до енергетичних ядерних реакторів, оскільки вони призначалися для дослідження нових технологій генерації електроенергії і були прототипами сучасних конструкцій енергетичних ядерних реакторів. Незважаючи на більш низьку потужність і, відповідно, меншу кількість ядерного палива та радіоактивних речовин, що утворюються під час експлуатації дослідницьких реакторів, їх потенційна небезпека для населення і навколишнього середовища все ж велика та потребує належного аналізу безпеки з використанням сучасних методів та з урахуванням досягнутого рівня науки і техніки. Розвиток і підтримка високого рівня безпеки є важливим і першим пріоритетом для забезпечення ефективності та сталого розвитку не тільки дослідницьких реакторів, а й атомних електростанцій. Невід’ємною складовою цього процесу є встановлення вимог з безпеки, які будуть застосовні для всіх типів дослідницьких реакторів і не обмежуватимуть їх потенціал. У листопаді 2020 року, за результатами трирічної діяльності унікальної робочої групи, до складу якої входили фахівці Державної інспекції ядерного регулювання України та Державного підприємства «Державний науково-технічний центр з ядерної та радіаційної безпеки», була затверджена остаточна редакція референтних рівнів безпеки для діючих дослідницьких реакторів. Основною метою цих референтних рівнів є встановлення загальних вимог, що поширюватимуться на всі типи дослідницьких реакторів, від практично нульової потужності до десятків мегават, і відповідно гармонізація національних вимог. Це друга стаття серії публікацій у журналі «Ядерна та радіаційна безпека», присвячених референтним рівням безпеки Західноєвропейської асоціації органів регулювання ядерної безпеки (WENRA) для діючих дослідницьких реакторів. Перша стаття серії присвячена підходам до розробки референтних рівнів безпеки WENRA для діючих дослідницьких реакторів.
Design Of A Thermophoretic Sampling System To Collect Soot From Flames
Authors: Chinnam Paul Ravi Teja
Published: September 2021

Project Objective

Design a thermophoretic sampling system and purchase all required material and equipment for the design.

Methodology to be Adopted

Study the systems available in the market and design the most effective and cost-efficient system. It includes studying different motors and associated components that are available in the market and selecting the right components to suit the purpose.

Brief Summary of the Project

The report discusses the planning phase of the project to the end of the design phase along with a few suggestions for a further scope of work. This project includes choosing the best system to design with-in the few well-known existing models such as the multi-probe system, pneumatic and electric linear motor system, amongst others. After considering multiple factors, an electric linear motor configuration architect was chosen for the design. The secondary research is to find the right motor (stator), slider, servo drive, trailing chain cable, power supply, lubricant, USB interface converter, tweezer, set screw, washer, thin hex nut, gasket sealant and a novel designed tweezer holder according to the design requirement and fabrication ease. The major objective of the design is to achieve an ultra-high-speed stroke with a residue time as little as 3ms to 100ms for collecting soot from different flames. Another novel highlight of the project was the TEM mesh (micro-grid) holder using a tweezer and an in-house designed tweezer holder. All the required purchase orders are placed for the components needed for designed thermophoretic sampling device.