bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Renal thrombotic microangiopathy in an ANCA-associated vasculitis
Authors: Domingos Ana Teresa , Barreto Sara , Carias Eduarda , Cabrita Ana , Viana Helena , Góis Mário
Published: November 2019

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) disease remains a diagnostic challenge due to the heterogeneity of possible clinical presentations. We present the case of a 63-year-old white male with a known history of ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) with anti-myeloperoxidase antibodies (MPO) – mainly with respiratory manifestations – treated with corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide, resulting in partial improvement. Six months later he was referred to the nephrology department for rapidly progressive renal failure and a kidney biopsy was performed, which showed several glomeruli globally sclerosed and others presenting fibrous crescents. Vascular involvement was also noted with several small arteries revealing endothelial swelling and entrapped erythrocytes within a fibrin thrombus. Immunofluorescence was negative. A high percentage of parenchymal fibrosis and no evidence of active extra-renal manifestations dictated no specific treatment. The patient is currently monitored in a low clearance nephrology consultation. Evidence of thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is an uncommon histological finding in kidney biopsies of patients with AAV, being associated with worst prognosis.
A case of severe nephrotic syndrome caused by isolated CMV glomerulopathy with ganciclovir resistant UL 97 mutation
Authors: Sunna Ramez R. , Sodhi Rupinder , Purvis Francis Arden , Ouseph Rosemary , Brink David S. , Bastani Bahar
Published: November 2019

Introduction: While many cases of cytomegalovirus (CMV) nephropathy have been reported in the literature, isolated CMV glomerulopathy is considered a rare finding. Case Presentation: We report the case of a CMV-negative recipient of kidney allograft from a CMVpositive donor (D+/R-), the recipient subsequently developed severe nephrotic syndrome secondary to biopsy-proven isolated CMV glomerulopathy. Conclusion: The patient developed CMV viremia with ganciclovir resistant UL97 mutation. His treatment course was resistant to recommended dose of intravenous ganciclovir, so therapy was changed to foscarnet with resolution of his viremia and reduction in proteinuria.
Nephroprotection and chemotherapy sensitivity impact of metformin during cisplatin therapy; an updated review
Authors: Akhavan Sepahi Mohsen , Mehrabi Sarvenaz , Valizadeh Rohollah , Kellner Steven James , Mirzazadeh Azin , Ebrahimi Semko
Published: November 2019

Chemotherapy has been accepted as the most common choice for cancer treatment. However, chemotherapy-induced toxicity and chemotherapy resistance are the two challenging barriers to the treatment. Metformin is a safe, inexpensive, and the first line drug to treat type II diabetes. It has also a significant anti-tumor effect with a selective cytotoxic efficacy on cancer stem cells. It also has renoprotective efficacy. The current study contributes to incorporating metformin to chemotherapeutic agents to develop treatment efficiency and reduce the chemotherapy-induced side-effects (such as toxicity and resistance) and also to benefit the nephroprotective impact of this drug.
Why a new sport science journal?
Authors: Kopp Martin
Published: November 2019

This “inaugural” editorial summarizes conversations which have led to the development of the journal “Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS)”. The main reason for CISS was, that – despite developing rapidly – sport science has a lack of “full scope sport science journals”. Furthermore, sport science as an interdisciplinary discipline I believe can benefit from a reinforced identity through mutual acceptance of all streams. This new journal aims to address this need for more inclusive outlets for sport science. The last section of this editorial describes methods of publication concluding that open access (OA) publication, which guarantees free use and rapid distribution of all published work, is the best approach for this Journal.
Relationship between stability and variability of the core in dynamic reaching tasks
Authors: Eriksrud Ola , Cabri Jan , Federolf Peter
Published: November 2019

Core stability is important to many functional and athletic tasks. Motion variability has been proposed as a measure to characterize core stability. Based on motor learning theories, the current study hypothesized  that variability and stability of core movements show a U-shaped relationship and further investigated whether functional range of motion (“mobility”) or speed of motion affect this relationship.  Twenty-four healthy subjects performed 20 cycles of two different unilateral hand reaching tasks for both the left and right hand under stable and unstable conditions. Reach targets were positioned to trigger large core movements. Specifically, the anterior target was positioned midsagittal at arm length´s distance and hip height. Two posterior targets (60 degrees posterior to neutral stance frontal plane) on both the left and right side were high (at arm length distance and height with accrued 10 cm) and low (arm length distance at hip height). Kinematic data were recorded and three-dimensional angles between pelvis and thorax (core) were calculated. Pearson correlation coefficients and paired T-tests were calculated to assess variability, mobility and speed of the core movements. A parabolic function was fitted to the variability data and the quality of the fit was assessed by calculating adjusted R-squared values.  In the sagittal plane, variability could be modeled with a U-shaped distribution; in the other planes of motion this was the case in 2 of 4 reaching tests. In two tests, movement speed changed between the stable and unstable conditions. Mobility did not appear to affect variability in the stable condition, but some correlations were observed in the unstable condition. The relationship between mobility and variability, and the change in variability were task-specific.
Reviewer Acknowledgement
Authors: Kopp Martin
Published: November 2019

The practice of peer review is to ensure the research published in Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS) is of the highest standard. Peer review lies at the heart of scholarly publishing and is utilized by all reputable journals. Our referees and section editors play a crucial role in developing the reputation of Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS) to a leading forum for original research in the field. Therefore, I would like to formally thank all who have so willingly and voluntarily contributed to the journal in 2018.
Innate talent is adaptable – comment on Baker & Wattie
Authors: Romann Michael
Published: November 2019

An the recent article by Baker and Wattie (2018), they provided an update on the widely cited review of “Innate Talent” by Howe, Davidson and Sloboda (1998). The article summarizes that the defined criteria for “Innate Talent” are still valid, standing the test of time. However, new findings in epigenetics should be considered. The epigenome interacts with environmental factors, such as physical exercise, contributing to phenotypical and performance differences of the same gene. In this context, researchers in sport science face the task of defining ethical standards that are accepted by society. From an epigenetic perspective, one should refrain from thinking that genetics have a fixed performance outcome, since the epigenome is adaptable. Instead, research and practice should consider how created environments support athlete development.
THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SERVING TEMPERATURES AND MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF NORMAL AND DIETARY MEALS PRODUCED IN A UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL KITCHEN
Authors: TERKURAN Mevhibe , ERGİNKAYA Zerrin
Published: November 2019

In this
research, temperature levels and microbiological quality of served meals
produced in Balcalı Hospital Kitchen from 2015 to 2017 years were evaluated.
The temperatures of 7316 dishes (1812 normal and 5504 diet menus) were analyzed
statistical. The recorded temperatures of hot served-normal menu dishes showed
riskier holding temperatures (<55 °C) than dietary dishes (P <0.001).
However, cold served dishes showed more safety holding temperatures (≤8 °C)
than hot-served meals except for salads which were served immediately after
preparation (P <0.001). Sauced and one-pot dishes were served at
safer temperatures (≥63 °C) than pastries and pasta dishes due to their
production methods (P <0.001). Microbiological analyses of the meals
were found suitable for the legislation. E. coli, S. aureus and Salmonella spp. were
not found in any samples. Finally, the temperature evaluation of prepared meals
was considered a significant part of the HACCP system and a mandatory factor
for guaranteeing food safety.
Single-Step Genome-Wide Association Study for Resistance to Piscirickettsia salmonis in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Authors: Barria Agustin , Marín-Nahuelpi Rodrigo , Cáceres Pablo , López María E , Bassini Liane N , Lhorente Jean P , Yáñez José M
Published: November 2019

One of the main pathogens affecting rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) farming is the facultative intracellular bacteria Piscirickettsia salmonis. Current treatments, such as antibiotics and vaccines, have not had the expected effectiveness in field conditions. Genetic improvement by means of selection for resistance is proposed as a viable alternative for control. Genomic information can be used to identify the genomic regions associated with resistance and enhance the genetic evaluation methods to speed up the genetic improvement for the trait. The objectives of this study were to i) identify the genomic regions associated with resistance to P. salmonis; and ii) identify candidate genes associated with the trait in rainbow trout. We experimentally challenged 2,130 rainbow trout with P. salmonis and genotyped them with a 57 K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. Resistance to P. salmonis was defined as time to death (TD) and as binary survival (BS). Significant heritabilities were estimated for TD and BS (0.48 ± 0.04 and 0.34 ± 0.04, respectively). A total of 2,047 fish and 26,068 SNPs passed quality control for samples and genotypes. Using a single-step genome wide association analysis (ssGWAS) we identified four genomic regions explaining over 1% of the genetic variance for TD and three for BS. Interestingly, the same genomic region located on Omy27 was found to explain the highest proportion of genetic variance for both traits (2.4 and 1.5% for TD and BS, respectively). The identified SNP in this region is located within an exon of a gene related with actin cytoskeletal organization, a protein exploited by P. salmonis during infection. Other important candidate genes identified are related with innate immune response and oxidative stress. The moderate heritability values estimated in the present study show it is possible to improve resistance to P. salmonis through artificial selection in the rainbow trout population studied here. Furthermore, our results suggest a polygenic genetic architecture for the trait and provide novel insights into the candidate genes underpinning resistance to P. salmonis in O. mykiss.
Maternal Priming of Offspring Immune System inDrosophila
Authors: Bozler Julianna , Kacsoh Balint Z , Bosco Giovanni
Published: November 2019

Immune priming occurs when a past infection experience leads to a more effective immune response upon a secondary exposure to the infection or pathogen. In some instances, parents are able to transmit immune priming to their offspring, creating a subsequent generation with a superior immune capability, through processes that are not yet fully understood. Using a parasitoid wasp, which infects larval stages of Drosophila melanogaster, we describe an example of an intergenerational inheritance of immune priming. This phenomenon is anticipatory in nature and does not rely on parental infection, but rather, when adult fruit flies are cohabitated with a parasitic wasp, they produce offspring that are more capable of mounting a successful immune response against a parasitic macro-infection. This increase in offspring survival correlates with a more rapid induction of lamellocytes, a specialized immune cell. RNA-sequencing of the female germline identifies several differentially expressed genes following wasp exposure, including the peptiodoglycan recognition protein-LB (PGRP-LB). We find that genetic manipulation of maternal PGRP-LB identifies this gene as a key element in this intergenerational phenotype.
Brujas y beatas en el virreinato del Perú: desvíos de la educación femenina
Authors: Ortiz Canseco Marta
Published: November 2019

En este texto comenzaremos ofreciendo una posible metodología de análisis de discurso de las mujeres como «agentes» en el archivo colonial y propondremos rescatar sus voces no solo como autoras del discurso, sino también como colaboradoras de los hombres que transcribieron sus voces. A partir de este silenciamiento en el archivo y del posible rescate de su voz, analizaremos los modos en que la acusación inquisitorial contra las mujeres se centró principalmente en las brujas y las beatas, mujeres que no encajaban en el modelo de perfección femenina que los intelectuales renacentistas quisieron imponer. La metrópoli exportó a la colonia el discurso de dominación de las mujeres a partir del control de su sexualidad y de su aparición en espacios públicos, de manera que termina­remos el texto ofreciendo una serie de claves ideológicas que se transmiten del discurso europeo al americano y que pueblan las cabezas de inquisidores y civiles en esa «guerra contra las mujeres» que tuvo lugar en los albores del capitalismo al comienzo de la Edad Moderna.
Magnon Laser
Authors: Nowik-Boltyk P. , Borisenko I. V. , Demidov V. E. , Demokritov S. O.
Published: November 2019

We experimentally demonstrate a magnon laser based on the coherent Bose–Einstein condensate of magnons brought into motion by using a time-dependent spatially inhomogeneous magnetic field. We show that the application of a short field pulse results in the formation of a condensate cloud moving with the constant velocity of 930 m/s for the used parameters of the experiment. The number of magnons building the cloud is not changed during the propagation, which is reminiscent of the magnon superfluidity.
Interplay of Linear and Nonlinear Localization Mechanisms in Spin-Torque Oscillators with a Field Well
Authors: Verba R. V.
Published: November 2019

The magnetization dynamics in a spin-torque oscillator with nonuniform profile of a static magnetic field creating a field well is studied by analytic calculations and numerical simulations. It is demonstrated that, in the case of sufficiently deep and narrow field well, the linear localization in the field well dominates the nonlinear self-localization, despite a negative nonlinear frequency shift. A change of the localization mechanism results in a qualitatively different dependence of the generation power on the driving current. For the dominant linear localization, the soft generation mode is realized, while, for the nonlinear self-localization, we observe a hard mode of auto-oscillator excitation. Simultaneously, a difference in the profiles of the excited spin-wave mode can become evident and distinguishable in experiments only in the case of a nonsymmetric field well.
Impact of Changes to Subsidised Electricity Tariffs on The Welfare Of Households
Authors: Supriadi Andri Yudhi , Ikhsan Mohamad , Mahi Benedictus Raksaka , Girianna Montty
Published: November 2019

The subsidized electricity tariff enjoyed by households in Indonesia with an installed capacity of 450 VA and 900 VA has not changed since mid-2003. This subsidy creates an increasing economic burden on the state budget. This study examines the impact of a subsidized electricity tariff increase on subsidized household welfare and the redistribution of subsidy allocation. The analysis divided into two stages: first, estimating household electricity demand for each household group when prices fixed; and second, measuring changes in welfare, inefficiency and the redistribution of subsidy allocations. This empirical study shows that an increase in tariffs causes the welfare of subsidized households to decline. It also demonstrates inefficiency in the allocation of subsidies to the top 20% group with an installed capacity of 450 VA. Besides, subsidized households in the lowest 40% group, which initially only enjoyed 26.26% increased to 34.16% after the tariff increase. On the other hand, the top 20% group, which initially enjoyed the electricity subsidy allocation of 28.74%, decreased to 20.40% after the tariff increase.JEL Classification: D1, D3, D6, I3
Front Matter, Vol. 18(2), 2019
Authors: Etikonomi Jurnal
Published: November 2019

Front Matter, Vol. 18(2), 2019
Esthetic Anterior Resin Restorations: To Bevel Enamel or Not?
Authors: Ramírez Barrantes DDS, MSD, PhD Juan Carlos
Published: November 2019

Restoration of fractured anterior teeth presents a challenge to dental clinicians owing to its esthetic requirements and, more importantly, because of the young age of the patients. Thus, it is important to follow the most conservative protocol. Many professionals face the dilemma of whether or not to perform enamel beveling. This article briefly discusses the clinical perspective and evidence regarding this type of operative restoration procedure.
Inherent uncertainty in the extraction of frequencies from time-domain signals
Authors: O’Higgins Connor , Hester David , Ao Wai Kei , McGetrick Patrick , Robinson Des
Published: November 2019

One structural health monitoring method used to detect the occurrence of structural damage is the tracking of a structure’s natural frequencies. However, for bridges, this is complicated by the changing environmental and operational conditions, which also have an effect on the natural frequencies. Consequently, much of the research effort has been on trying to develop data-modelling approaches that correct for, or remove, environmental effects so that changes in structural behaviour can be revealed. However, the fact that the process of extracting frequencies from bridge response data sets has in itself some inherent uncertainties that have been largely ignored forms the major interest of this study. In this paper, various methods for extracting frequency data from time-domain signals are reviewed, and their suitability for use in automated approaches is discussed. A selection of these methods was then used to obtain frequencies from continuous acceleration data from a bridge over a 20 d period. Comparisons were then made between the obtained frequencies, and any observed differences are highlighted between the methods.
Rehabilitation diagnosis in the pathology of the musculoskeletal system using categories of the international classification of functioning. Part 1
Authors: Tsykunov M. B.
Published: November 2019

In accordance with the recommendations of the World Health Organization, the categories listed in the International Classification of Functioning (ICF) should be used to assess the structure, function, activity and participation. In recent years, the assessment of the state of the body is no longer possible without the use of scales, but a large number of them do not always allow specialists to understand each other. The creation of a unified system, which will collect various tools for assessing the patients condition, will provide serious assistance in the work of members of a multidisciplinary team in the process of medical rehabilitation. In addition, it will help in the formulation of rehabilitation diagnosis and in more accurate determination of rehabilitation potential. The dimension of a number of generally accepted scales to describe disorders of the musculoskeletal system does not coincide with the categories of ICF. This paper attempts to eliminate this contradiction. To describe a number of disorders that affect the function of the musculoskeletal system and are traditionally used in orthopedics, the category other or not described can be used. In the presented system of evaluation are given equal-weighted scale with the dimension adopted in the ICF. This system can be used as a basis for the preparation of medical rehabilitation programs and evaluation of their effectiveness.
The Closure and the Interior of C-convex Sets
Authors: Znamenskij Sergej V.
Published: November 2019

C-convexity of the closure, interiors and their lineal convexity are considered for C-convex sets under additional conditions of boundedness and nonempty interiors. The following questions on closure and the interior of C-convex sets were tackled 1. The closure of a bounded C-convex domain may not be lineally-convex. 2. The closure of a non-empty interior of a C-convex compact in Cn may not coincide with the original compact. 3. The interior of the closure of a bounded C-convex domain always coincides with the domain itself. The questions were formulated by Yu. B. Zelinsky
Strong Bending of a Beam from a Fibrous Composite, Differently Resistant to Tension and Compression
Authors: Annin Boris D. , Sadovskii Vladimir M. , Petrakov Igor E. , Vlasov Anton Yu.
Published: November 2019

For the analysis of bending of a thin rod made of fiber composite, the generalized Euler elastic equation is used, taking into account different resistance of the material to tension and compression, the influence of transverse shear, elongation of the axis and independent rotations of the reinforcing elements relative to the matrix. Based on Newton’s method, a computational algorithm has been developed for solving the static bending problem. A method for determining phenomenological parameters of the composite has been implemented, including photographing the bending state of the rod under the action of a system of forces and couple forces, digital processing of the photography and solving the inverse coefficient problem. The method was validated by comparing the results of computations with a laboratory physical experiment. It is shown that the moduli of elasticity in tension and compression of carbon fiber composite used in the experiment, essentially differ, and that the use of equal moduli in determining bending stiffness results in a significant error in the deflection calculations
Distribution of Small Values of Bohr Almost Periodic Functions with Bounded Spectrum
Authors: Lawton Wayne M.
Published: November 2019

For f a nonzero Bohr almost periodic function on R with a bounded spectrum we proved there exist Cf > 0 and integer n > 0 such that for every u > 0 the mean measure of the set f x : jf(x)j < u g is less than Cf u1=n: For trigonometric polynomials with n + 1 frequencies we showed that Cf can be chosen to depend only on n and the modulus of the largest coefficient of f: We showed this bound implies that the Mahler measure M(h); of the lift h of f to a compactification G of R; is positive and discussed the relationship of Mahler measure to the Riemann Hypothesis
Genç Futbolcularda 10 x 25 m Tekrarlı Sprint ve 10 x (2 x 12.5 m) Tekrarlı Mekik Sprint Testlerinin Güvenirliği
Authors: HAZIR Tahir , KİN İŞLER Ayşe , EKİNCİ Yunus Emre
Published: November 2019

Tekrarlı sprint testleri(TST)
kapsamında altın standart olarak kabul edilecek bir protokol olmadığı için spor
bilimleri alanında tekrarlı sprint yeteneğinin değerlendirildiği testlerin
güvenirliği önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı genç futbolcularda 30 saniye pasif
toparlanmalı 10 x 25 m düz koşu tekrarlı sprint (TST_D) ve 10 x (2 x 12.5 m) tekrarlı
mekik sprint testlerinde(TMS) ölçülen performans çıktılarının ve fizyolojik
yanıtların test-tekrar test güvenirliğini belirlemektir. Çalışmaya 15 genç
futbolcu  (yaş: 17 ± 0.37 yıl;  boy: 177.2 ± 6.06 cm; vücut ağırlığı: 68.1 ± 5.86
kg; spor yaşı: 6.73 ± 0.59 yıl) gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Katılımcılara
zemini suni çim olan futbol sahasında iki hafta içinde birbirini takip eden 2-3
gün ara ile ikişer kez TST_D ve TMS rastgele sıra ile uygulanmıştır. Testlerde
toplam sprint zamanı(TSZ), en hızlı sprint zamanı(EHSZ), en yavaş sprint
zamanı(EYSZ), laktik asit (dinlenik, test sonu ve toparlanma 3. dakikada), kalp
atım hızı (dinlenik, test esnasında ve toparlanma 3. dakikada)  ve 6 ayrı formülle yorgunluk skorları
ölçülmüştür. Tekrarlı ölçümler arasındaki farklar için Bağımlı Gruplarda t Testi,
güvenirlik için sınıf içi korelasyon katsayısı(SKK), tipik hata(TH) ve
varyasyon katsayısı olarak tipik hata(VK_TH) hesaplanmıştır. TMS’de tekrarlı
ölçümlerde performans bileşenleri benzer bulunurken(p>0.05),   TST_D’de anlamlı fark
saptanmıştır(p<0.05). Her iki testte ölçülen performans bileşenleri için VK_TH
% 5’den düşük ancak SKK değerleri TMS için orta düzeyde, TST için düşük
düzeydedir.  Her iki testte yorgunluk
skorlarının hesaplandığı 6 farklı formül için VK_TH kabul edilemez düzeyde
yüksek, SKK ise düşüktür. Her iki testte fizyolojik değişkenler için VK_TH
yüksek SKK ise orta ya da yüksek düzeydedir. Bu çalışmanın bulguları genç
futbolcularda TMS protokolünün güvenirliğinin TST_D’den daha yüksek olduğunu
göstermiştir. Genç futbolcularda tekrarlı sprint performansının ve fizyolojik
yanıtların değerlendirilmesinde TMS daha uygun bir protokoldür.
Przyczynek do dyskusji nad faszystowskim prawem gospodarczym
Authors: Marszał Maciej
Published: November 2019

Włoski faszyzm nie ograniczał się tylko do postulatów politycznych, lecz także podejmował ważne problemy społeczno-gospodarcze. Elementem konstytutywnym włoskiej doktryny był korporacjonizm, który miał decydujący wpływ na kształt włoskiego ustawodawstwa dotyczącego prawa konstytucyjnego, administracyjnego, podatkowego, gospodarczego, a także prawa pracy i ubezpieczeń społecznych. Korporacyjne rozwiązania kreowały stosunek jednostki wobec narodu, obywatela wobec państwa. Faszystowski program gospodarczo-społeczny stanowił z jednej strony zaprzeczenie liberalnej gospodarki wolnorynkowej, a z drugiej przeciwwagę dla zdobywającej poklask społeczny ideologii walki klas głoszonej przez socjalistów i komunistów. Idea faszystowskiego korporacjonizmu we Włoszech dawała wizję pokoju społecznego i perspektywę usprawnienia państwa przez podporządkowanie związków zawodowych państwu oraz tłumiła podziały społeczne na linii pracodawca – pracownik. Przedmiotem artykułu było przedstawienie faszystowskiego ustawodawstwa gospodarczego i jego znaczenia dla polityki ekonomicznej państwa Mussoliniego. Przeanalizowano podstawowe akty prawne z lat 1922–1939 dotyczące faszystowskiej gospodarki.
Republika i monarchia jako podstawowy podział ustrojów w myśli polityczno-prawnej Andrzeja Maksymiliana Fredry
Authors: Tracz-Tryniecki Marek
Published: November 2019

W artykule opisano kluczowy dla myśli Andrzeja Maksymiliana Fredry podział ustrojowy zbudowany na zasadzie przeciwstawienia republiki i monarchii. W pierwszej części skupiono się na kwestii doktrynalnych źródeł omawianego podziału. Wskazano przede wszystkim na wpływ, jaki na Fredrę wywarły koncepcje Arystotelesa i Polibiusza. W drugiej części omówiono Fredrowską wizję republiki ze wskazaniem jej odniesienia do realiów Rzeczypospolitej. Podano tu również zasadnicze racje, które Fredro przedstawił na rzecz ustroju mieszanego. Następnie zaprezentowano Fredrowską wizję monarchii, wskazując na różnice w stosunku do ujęć klasycznych, jak również ustalono krytyczny punkt odróżniający ją od republiki, którym jest wolność. W kolejnej części poddano analizie sytuację i zadania króla w ustroju republikańskim, którą Fredro określił terminem rector. W konkluzjach wskazano, że Fredrowska konfrontacja republiki z monarchią stanowi dostosowanie klasycznej klasyfikacji ustrojów do doświadczenia siedemnastowiecznej Rzeczypospolitej i zasadniczej preferencji wolności. Dzięki temu Fredrowskie uzasadnienie republiki zbliża się już do Monteskiuszowskiego.
Demokracja a liberalizm – uwagi z perspektywy XXI w.
Authors: Zmierczak Maria
Published: November 2019

Punktem wyjścia w niniejszym opracowaniu jest stwierdzenie faktu, że termin „liberalizm” nabiera pejoratywnego charakteru; w wypowiedziach polityków i publicystów pojawiają się określenia typu „zgniły” „upadły” czy „skompromitowany” liberalizm. Przyczyną tego zjawiska jest utożsamienie terminu „liberalizm” z nieograniczoną gospodarką wolnorynkową albo z absolutną, niemal anarchistyczną wolnością jednostki. To zjawisko nasiliło się szczególnie za sprawą szkoły chicagowskiej i libertarianizmu, czego najbardziej wymownym przykładem jest książka Demokracja – bóg, który zawiódł. Druga przyczyna to niewątpliwie stosunek klasycznych liberałów do demokracji. Liberałowie walczyli wprawdzie o powszechne prawa wyborcze (także dla kobiet), ale ich naczelnym zadaniem i ideałem było postawienie granic temu, co Jan Jakub Rousseau określił jako „nieograniczoną, suwerenną i niepozbywalną władzą ludu (narodu)”. Stąd określenie „demokracja liberalna” zawierało konkretną treść, taką jak prawa jednostki, rządy prawa, podział władzy. Jesteśmy aktualnie świadkami wzrostu popularności ideału Rousseau, mówi się przecież o „suwerennej demokracji”, woli narodu. To każe jednak pamiętać, że właśnie rządy autorytarne i totalitarne posługiwały się taką retoryką, mówiąc o demokracji jako o wyrazie woli narodu i nie przewidując żadnych dla tej woli ograniczeń. Czy to oznacza kres idei liberalnych? Historia poucza nas, że liberalizm stawał się ważną ideologią zawsze w momentach kryzysowych, jak np. w II Cesarstwie Francuskim, jak również po upadku III Rzeszy, dyktatury Francisco Franco i komunizmu. Można sądzić, że nie tyle liberalizm jako teoria ekonomiczna, ile liberalizm jako ograniczenie władzy absolutnej – nawet jeśli władza ta pochodzi z demokratycznych wyborów – będzie nadal spełniać tę funkcję.
„Prawo ubogich” w postępowaniu cywilnym w okresie dwudziestolecia międzywojennego w Polsce
Authors: Dąbrowski Przemysław , Szpoper Dariusz
Published: November 2019

Instytucja „prawa ubogich” ma długą historię. Przepisy przyjęte w polskim prawie cywilnym okresu międzywojennego gwarantowały stronom swobodny i nieskrępowany dostęp do sądów. Wprowadzenie „prawa ubogich” było uzasadnione sporami sądowymi oraz względami fiskalnymi i społecznymi. Kodeks postępowania cywilnego określał kryteria korzystania z tej instytucji, uprawnione podmioty, a także skutki przyznania „prawa ubogich”.
Francisca de Vitorii uzasadnienie kolonizacji Ameryki z perspektywy rozwoju idei praw naturalnych
Authors: Merkwa Marcin
Published: November 2019

W artykule przedstawiono sposób, w jaki Francisco de Vitoria uzasadniał kolonizację Ameryki. Rozważania podjęte w pracy opierają się na założeniu, że określenie relacji, w jakie mieli wchodzić Hiszpanie i mieszkańcy Nowego Świata, było według Vitorii oparte na doktrynie uprawnień naturalnych. Z tego względu należy się uwaga koncepcji hiszpańskiego myśliciela. Jej oryginalność zasadza się przede wszystkim na tym, iż wykorzystał on ideę uprawnień naturalnych do rozwiązania bieżących problemów, a także pozwolił, by koncepcja powszechnie znana, lecz traktowana jako niepraktyczna spuścizna średniowiecza, stała się podstawą rozważań w zakresie prawa i polityki. Utorował w ten sposób drogę nowożytnym sposobom ujmowania uprawnień naturalnych i w końcu praw człowieka.
Pokój jako element ideowy myślenia utopijnego
Authors: Kuźmicz Karol
Published: November 2019

Refleksja na temat wojny i pokoju jest nieodłącznie związana z myśleniem utopijnym. W utopiach społecznych kwestie dotyczące wojny stanowią jedne z najbardziej realnych opisów. Jednakże to pokój jest w utopiach wartością o charakterze uniwersalnym, stanowiącą nie tylko ich element ideowy, ale przede wszystkim cel, do którego dążą. Autor na przykładzie wybranych utopii z różnych epok ukazał ich antywojenne przesłanie. Ma ono ponadczasowy charakter i jest aktualne również w XXI w.
A gênese da eugenia e algumas reflexões contemporâneas
Authors: Almeida Maria Eneida de
Published: November 2019

RESUMO: Este artigo destina-se a compreender as condições históricas da emergência da eugenia original, consolidada pela sociedade do século XIX, com um papel relevante na estruturação do Estado moderno capitalista, quando passou a ser uma ideologia individual, social, nacional, ocidental e científica. No século oitocentista, as relações de poder entre sociedade, Estado e ciência e os impactos na vida social e individual moldaram um mundo sob novos padrões baseados no paradigma social-darwinista, em um momento da história que se moldava um novo mundo e uma nova sociedade. Para esta pesquisa foi utilizado o método genealógico de Foucault, onde o saber é uma peça do mecanismo das relações de poder de uma sociedade e o corpo é um instrumento de dominação, e o sentido histórico dá a possibilidade de discriminar e delimitar os fatos originais da época em estudo. É com esta forma de olhar que buscamos esclarecer a emergência da eugenia no século XIX, sob uma ideia, palavra, conceito, ideologia e, ao final, a legitimidade da ciência eugênica. As considerações finais sublinham que entender a gênese da eugenia é essencial para se observar sua recorrência na contemporaneidade, visto que vivemos uma re-emergência eugênica – a nova eugenia, frente aos avanços da biotecnologia que busca possibilitar a longevidade, a cura para inúmeras doenças e, no limite, a “perfeição” humana, há séculos acalentada pela humanidade. Diante deste fato, o debate de grandes pensadores da biotecnologia contemporânea aponta algumas contradições inerentes a este processo.
Priority risk factors of drinking water and the related with it economical loss
Authors: Klein Svetlana V. , Vekovshinina S. A. , Sboev A. S.
Published: November 2019

The inadequate water quality of utility and drinking water supply system has been shown to be able to contribute to the additional cases of mortality (approx. 11,0 thousand cases) and morbidity (over 2900 thousand cases) and be the second most important environmental factor. Elevated levels of arsenic, copper, cadmium, organochlorine compounds, nitrates, nitrites and other detrimental impurities can give rise the development of adverse effects on skin and subcutaneous tissue; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue; blood, hematopoietic organs and separate disorders involving the immunity mechanism; urogenital, nervous, endocrine systems, blood circulatory system, digestive organs, both in the population of adults and children. The list of priority risk factors incoming with drinking water and forming negative tendencies of the health state of the population of the Russian Federation changes insignificantly over time. The economic loss due to the negative influence of the priority factors of drinking water pollution on the population’s health accounted for over 50 billion rubles in 2014.
Analysis of the impact of organochlorine compounds contained in the water network of the domestic water supply on the health of population in cities of the Perm Krai
Authors: Sboev A. S. , Romanenko Christina V.
Published: November 2019

The article presents the analysis of the impact of drinking water organochlorine compounds on the population health (Perm region). Results of the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk assessment for population of the city of Perm and the Perm region under the chronic oral exposure of organochlorine compounds in drinking water are presented. Real concentrations of organochlorine compounds in drinking water were determined to be potent of emerging an unacceptable risk of diseases of the digestive system, endocrine system, hormone system, excretory system, central nervous system and the blood system. According to the results of epidemiological studies there was established the statistically significant relation between the consumption of water containing organochlorine compounds and the development of diseases of the digestive system, endocrine system, central nervous system, and excretory system.
Medical and preventive technologies for risk management of health problems associated with exposure to environmental factors
Authors: Zaytseva N. V. , Ustinova Olga Y. , Sboev A. S.
Published: November 2019

In the article there are presented the methodological approaches to the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases associated with the exposure to environmental factors, based on the principles of risk assessment of existing risk factors, confirmed exposure, identification of biomarkers of effect with the use of cellular-molecular, proteomic and nanotechnology, the results of clinical and functional research, analysis of the system relationships, exposure markers with markers for the negative response. Sanitary-hygienic, epidemiological, clinical, functional and laboratory criteria underlying the proposed classification of specialized medical preventive technologies for risk management, allow to make a differential diagnosis of diseases associated with the exposure to environmental factors according to their severity and stage of clinical manifestation, identify target groups ofpopulation to provide them specialized treatment and preventive care, determine the volume, direction, content and form of implementation of curative and preventive measures.
Evaluation of indoor air pollution with formaldehyde in conditions of the use of constructional and finish materials with polymeric components
Authors: Nikiforova Nadezhda V. , Kokoulina A. A. , Zagorodnov S. Yu.
Published: November 2019

In the paper there are presented the results of the assessment of the pollution by formaldehyde in the habitable rooms of the houses in the microregion Usolsky 2 of the city of Berezniki. There were studied the levels of migration of formaldehyde from the building and finish materials used in the construction and decoration of the premises, in air of which there are contained the elevated levels of formaldehyde. With the aim of the determination of levels of formaldehyde in the air of habitable rooms, created by a complex ofpolymeric building and finish materials there was applied the calculation method
Variability of immunoregulatory and genetic markers in conditions of the combined effects of industrial environmental factors
Authors: Dolgikh Oleg V. , Starkova K. G. , Kryvtsov A. V. , Bubnova O. A.
Published: November 2019

The study of the immune status markers and characteristics of genetic polymorphism in potash mining workers under the impact of combined industrial factors was performed. We showed the inhibition ofphagocytosis and production of serum IgG and IgM, the deficiency of mediators of the immune and endothelial regulation of interleukin-17, VEGF, GAD1 and GAS6. The revealed changes are associated with the negative genetic fixation of key polymorphisms responsible as well for the detoxification of the first and second phase of the neuro-immune regulation, the state of the vascular endothelium and apoptosis, as both due to heterozygous and due to the homozygous variant genotypes of genes of cytochrome (CYP1A1), Sulfotransferase (SULT1A1), toll-like receptor (TLR4), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), endothelial growth factor (VEGFA)
Three-dimensional modeling of human respiratory system for tasks of health risk assessment in the exposure to the chemicals inhalation
Authors: Tsinker Mikhail Y.
Published: November 2019

In the framework of multi-level model of accumulation of functional disorders in the human body under the influence of environmental factors there is delivered a sub-model of the “meso-level" of the respiratory system. The article is devoted to the three-dimensional modelling of the air flow in large airways of a human. The considered approaches can be applied for tasks of the health risk assessment in chemicals inhalation exposure.
Influence of modern sound environment on the functional state of the human body
Authors: Dmitriev D. A. , Indeykina Olga S. , Dmitriev A. D.
Published: November 2019

Sound environment is an essential sensory stimuli influencing on the all functional systems of the body. The nature of this influence depends not only on the volume, but also on the whole complex of factors affecting the subjective perception of sound. The article describes the effect of different noise and music stimuli on health and functional state of the human body, the importance of noise sensitivity due to the severity of the composition offunctional changes.
Antioxidants level assessment in the diet of workers contacting with heavy metals at industrial enterprise
Authors: Mazhaeva T. V. , Dubenko Svetlana E. , Chirkova I. A.
Published: November 2019

The main occupational pathologies in the Sverdlovsk region are diseases induced by the exposure to industrial aerosols containing heavy metals. One of the reasons of the toxic effect of the heavy metals is oxidative stress induced by the latter, namely, the process of damaging the body cells as a result of the oxidation reactions. The quantitative assessment of the antioxidant consumption in foods composing the diet of heavy metal industry workers was performed. The diet was revealed to be not various in terms of the foods containing antioxidants and the main quantity of the latter was administered into the body from the brown bread, tea, apples, chocolates and sweets having low activity according to the ORAC index but consumed in the great amounts. In the meantime, foods with the high level of the antioxidant content and bio-correction properties (fruits, vegetables, spices) were lacking in the diet and this fact could probably influence on the decline of the body’s reserve of detoxification.
Pregnancy complications in women living in cotton-growing area
Authors: Niyazova V. A. , Begmatova D. Sh. , Toichuev Rakhmanbek M.
Published: November 2019

There were analyzed complications observed during pregnancy in women residing in cotton-growing areas where the environment is polluted by organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). In dependence to the number of births in women residing in the areas polluted by OCPs residuals, in the structure of concomitant diseases iron deficiency anemia (IDA) was detected in 98%, pyelonephritis - in 37%, liver diseases - in 14%, acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) - in 54%. Toxicoses were observed in 35%, colpitis - in 33% of parturient women, threatened miscarriages (TM) were detected in 28% of cases, gestational pyelonephritis (GE) - in 21%, constipations - in 19%, prenatal amniorrhea - in 15%, gestational hypertension (GH) - in 11%, bleeding - in 4% and placental abruption - in 2%. As polyhydramnios as oligohydramnios were observed only in one case. Pregnant women residing in cotton-growing areas regardless of the number of births should be included into a risk group.
Identification of occupational risk for arterial hypertension. 1: elimination of the modifyng influence of factors of cardiovascular risk
Authors: Maksimov Sergey A. , Mikhailuts A. P. , Artamonova G. V.
Published: November 2019

On results of research in 13 occupational groups (3842 workers, men) there were performed an analysis of a contribution of non-occupational factors of cardiovascular risk (FCVRs) and the elimination of their modifying influence on risks for the development of the arterial hypertension (AH). In the capacity of non-occupational FCVRs there were considered 16 predictors of AH. There were calculated the relative risk of AH and 95% the confidential interval (CI) in occupational groups on benchmark data of the prevalence rate of AH and after the elimination of the modifying influence of FCVRs. Reference group was the general sample, that is, all the occupations. Modifying influence of FCVR was eliminated by means of direct standardization. With the aid of trees of classification from the number of FCVRs in occupational groups the presence of obesity and age of the worker (respectively, 100 and 78 conditional points) was shown to have the maximum impact on the development of AH. Elimination of the influence of data of FCVRs led to the change of benchmark values of occupational risks of AH in the average for 10%, in four occupations level of the statistical importance of risks of AH changed. In top-managers, and also in operating personnel and technical workers the risk for AH from the high decreased to not significant, respectively to 1,00 at 95%, CI: 0,74-1,36 and 1,20 at 95%, CI: 0,97-1,49. On the contrary, the risk for AH increased from low to statistically not significant in underground equipment operators (0,85 at 95%, CI: 0,71-1,01) and labourers (0,89 at 95%, CI:0,69-1,14).
Features of the content of movable forms of heavy metals and selenium in soils of the Yaroslavl region
Authors: Bakaeva Evgeniia A. , Eremeyshvili A. V.
Published: November 2019

With the use of the method of inversion voltammetry there was analyzed the content of movable forms of trace elements: (selenium, zinc, copper, lead, cadmium) in soils in the Yaroslavl district of the Yaroslavl region, and also content of zinc, copper, lead, cadmium in soils and snow cover in the city of Yaroslavl. According to values of concentrations of movable compounds in soils determined trace elements can be ranked into the following row: zinc > lead > copper > selenium > cadmium. There was revealed insufficient if compared with literature data concentrations, content of movable compounds of selenium, copper and zinc in examined explored soils. The maximal concentrations of lead are revealed in the close proximity to both the city of Yaroslavl and large highways of the city. It indicates to the anthropogenic pollution of soils by this element.
Identification of occupational risk for arterial hypertension. Report II: elimination of the modifyng influence of factors of cardiovascular risk
Authors: Maksimov Sergey A. , Skripchenko A. E. , Mikhailuts A. P. , Artamonova G. V.
Published: November 2019

This study is a continuation of (Report I) identification of the occupational risk of arterial hypertension (AH) in 13 occupational groups (3842 workers, men). In previous work there was eliminated the influence of traditional factors of the cardiovascular risk, in this study there was implemented the identification of the components of a healthy worker effect (HWE) and the elimination of their influence on the occupational risks of hypertension. Identification and removal of components HWE - the effect of a healthy recruitment (EHR) and the effect of the healthy worker persisting to work (EHWPW) - was carried out by the analytic rearranging of the standardized for age and obesity prevalence rate of arterial hypertension with the use of own methodological approaches. For the determination of the presence and severity of EHR there was performed an analysis of the initial prevalence rate of arterial hypertension in the youngest age groups (under 31 years). To overcome HER standardized for age and obesity indices of the arterial hypertension prevalence rate were adjusted by the ratio of the frequency of arterial hypertension in the most young occupational and reference comparable groups. Identification ofHWPW was executed by comparing the frequency of AH among workers retiring within 3 years from the occupational groups when compared to the whole sample. Then on the additional risk value there was adjusted the overall prevalence rate of AH in the occupation profession to overcome EHWPW. As a result of the consistent correction and elimination of the influence ofHWE components on the prevalence rate of AH, there were obtained risks values, primarily reflecting the impact of occupational factors which can be considered as true occupational risks. Factors of the cardiovascular risk and HWE significantly modified true occupational risks for AH in a number of occupational groups up to inversion. At the same time, the pronouncement of EHR has a paramount importance in the modifying effect
Influence of radiating and chemical loads on changes of biochemical indices of the endocrine homeostasis in inhabitants from ecologically various areas of the Bryansk region
Authors: Geger E. V. , Zolotnikova Galina P.
Published: November 2019

There ecologic-hygienic ranging of all 27 areas of the Bryansk region was performed with the using of the innovative methodical approach with taking into account the integrated indices of total pollution of all objects of the environment. The analysis of results of the performed biochemical researches with studying of indices of the endocrine homeostasis in residents of ecologically various areas has allowed to evolve thyrotropic hormone TTH (Qcalc=2,4 at K=1,96) and thyroid hormone ST4 (Qcalc=3,684 at K=1,96) as biological markers of the negative impact of technogenic-chemical contamination of environment on human health.