bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efeitos adversos e comorbidades associadas ao uso antibióticos na população pediátrica no início do desenvolvimento
Authors: Silva Antonia Rafaelly Fernandes , Moreira Geterson Bezerra , Carvalho Jessica Vieira Marques Petri , Conceição Eduarda Almeida Dutra da , Xavier Camila Duarte , Simões Henrique Rivera , Manoel Poliana Zanotto , Manoel Agnes Zanotto , Silva Camilla Cristina Vicentini Fernandes da
Published: January 2021

Introdução: Infecções bacterianas de diversos tipos são eventos comuns na infância, com o índice epidemiológico importante. Dito isso, é necessário estudar os efeitos adversos dos antibióticos, já que são os medicamentos usados no tratamento dessas diversas doenças. O objetivo desse estudo foi fazer uma correlação com os perigos do uso de antibióticos no início da vida e quais comorbidades ela se relaciona no futuro. Métodos: O artigo em questão consiste em uma revisão bibliográfica do tipo integrativa, de abordagem qualitativa e natureza aplicada. Resultados e Discussão: Cerca de 50% (N=4) dos estudos analisados eram voltados a Terapêutica Antibiótica, apenas um dos estudos era descritivo multicêntrico, foi focado em prescrições médicas e não no decorrer do tratamento, avaliando assim, que houve um aumento no número de prescrições em emergências hospitalares em relação à atenção primária. Analisou-se também que em 60% dos casos a prescrição era incorreta, entretanto era maior em emergências hospitalares, sendo assim o tratamento era mais adequado na atenção primária. Conclusão: o uso indiscriminado de antibióticos, em casos de amigdalites virais e amigdalectomias, estão efetivamente relacionados ao aumento da resistência antibiótica e impactos a curto e longo prazo na resposta imunológica.
Perfil sociodemográfico da enfermagem intensivista e suas relações com engajamento e workaholism
Authors: Lima Douglas Bertoloto , Freitas Clarissa Pinto Pizarro de
Published: January 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar como as variáveis sociodemográficas explicam os níveis de engajamento e workaholism no trabalho de profissionais de enfermagem intensivistas. Adotou-se como método um estudo exploratório, com abordagem quantitativa dos dados, realizado com uma amostra não-probabilística de profissionais de enfermagem atuantes em Serviços de terapia intensiva adulto de hospitais públicos e privados do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Foram realizadas análises descritivas dos participantes e correlações de Pearson entre as variáveis exploradas por meio do software Statistical Package for Social Sciences versão 19.0. Os resultados demostraram que as variáveis sociodemográficas se relacionaram de forma fraca ou até mesmo não se relacionaram com o engajamento e o workaholism. Conclui-se que a carga horária semanal de trabalho se relacionou positivamente com os níveis de remuneração dos participantes, e essa com a escolaridade dos mesmos. Observou-se ainda, que a os níveis de escolaridade dos profissionais de enfermagem intensivistas não estabeleceu relação estatística significativa com os índices engajamento dos participantes.
Kripkenstein and Mathematics as the Language of Nature
Authors: Khairi Nour
Published: January 2021

This paper addresses the skeptical paradox highlighted in Saul Kripke’s work Wittgenstein on Rules and Private Language. The skeptical paradox stands in the way of many attempts to fix meaning in the rule-following of a language. This paper closely assesses the ‘straight solutions’ to this problem with regards to another type of language; mathematics. A conclusion is made that if we cannot sufficiently locate where the meaning lies in a mathematical operation; if we cannot describe how it is that we follow a rule in mathematics, we ought to tread lightly in characterising it as the language of nature.
If There's No Music Up in Heaven Then What's it For?
Authors: Tugendstein Gabriel
Published: January 2021

In this article, I advocate in favor of music as a method of conveying philosophical thought, in the process defending subjective, non-verbal feeling as a component of true philosophical discussion. I first invoke the Kierkegaardian concepts of subjective truth and the musical-erotic to support my position, then show how such a method could be employed through a case study of the Arcade Fire song “Here Comes The Night Time.” Finally, I confront and disarm the potential accusation that this method would over-intellectualize music through excessive interpretation, removing the erotic nature that empowers it.
Philosophy as a Helping Profession
Authors: VanMeter Sid
Published: January 2021

N.A
Rachana Vidhi: Metode Desain Interior Berbasis Budaya Lokal dan Revolusi Industri 4.0
Authors: Noorwatha I Kadek Dwi , Darmastuti Putu Ari , Kerdiati Ni Luh Kadek Resi
Published: January 2021

This research is a fundamental research that seeks to formulate an interior design method based on local culture and the industrial revolution 4.0 called 'Rachana Vidhi'. The research problem arises from the urgent need for the formulation of an ideal interior design method, which combines the development of local culture, the needs of the interior design industry and implements the spirit of the industrial revolution 4.0. The research method uses a qualitative document study approach specifically with the systematic review method, which is combined with the comparative method. The reseach results of the 'Rachana Vidhi' method have been discussed using the basic framework of the stages of the HDII professional organization as a synergy between academics and professional organizations. The method also balances knowledge and abilities between academics and practitioners with the 'research based design' paradigm. In the context of cultural development, the interior design method 'Rachana Vidhi' has been filled in at the ‘Predesain’ stage especially at step no. 15 Cultural Exploration, as part of the drafting of interior design concepts. Synergy with the industrial revolution 4.0 on the interior design method 'Rachana Vidhi' is applied to the stages of Input, Design, Conceptual Design and Design Development. Industrial revolution 4.0 application used is for insight searching, data collecting and modeling.
Sensitivity of superconducting quantum interferometers to rotational motions
Authors: Довгополий А.С. , Токалін O.О. , Білобородов O.О.
Published: January 2021

Based on the principle of equivalence of the general theory of relativity and the definition of the non-Euclidean metric of space in a non-inertial frame of reference associated with rotation, a geometric (topological) phase is found that occurs when traversing any closed loop. This approach made it possible to establish a deep physical analogy between various wave effects (both classical and quantum) in closed waveguides that arise under the conditions of their rotation. Due to the coherence of the wave function of spinless charge carriers (Cooper pairs of conduction electrons with oppositely directed spins) in superconductors in the ground quantum state (superconducting state), the appearance of a geometric phase in closed loops under rotation conditions can lead to interference effects in the presence of weak bonds in the loop. To register interference effects, it was proposed to use superconducting quantum interferometers placed in the electric field of a cylindrical or spherical capacitor. In accordance with the general theory of the geometric phase of rotation, the study obtained the basic relations between the geometric phase of rotation and the phase of the wave function induced by an external magnetic field, and an estimate of their values was obtained for acceptable values of the angular velocity of rotation, dimensions of superconducting quantum interferometers, and voltages on the capacitor. The errors in measuring the magnetic flux during the rotation of the measuring complex are determined. Taking into account the dependence of the magnitude of the geometric phase of rotation on the voltage across the capacitor and the size of the superconducting quantum interferometers, and also taking into account the specific range of angular velocities of rotation, the sensitivity of superconducting quantum interferometers to the angular velocity can be regulated by a rational choice of these parameters. Based on the results obtained, a new method for measuring magnetic fields was proposed using two superconducting quantum interferometers with different values of areas bounded by closed contours under conditions of rotational movements, which makes it possible to compensate for the disturbing influence of rotations on magnetic measurements, as well as to simultaneously determine the magnetic induction and angular velocity of rotation.
Можливості застосування електромеханічного обладнання для компенсації реактивної потужності та підвищення надійності електропостачання
Authors: Філімоненко Н.М. , Філімоненко К.В.
Published: January 2021

У статті розглянуто систему  електропостачання підприємства хімічної промисловості. При проектуванні таких систем необхідно проводити вибір найбільш доцільного варіанту використання електрообладнання. Вибір здійснюється на основі всебічного аналізу технічних і економічних показників. Розглянуто рішення щодо забезпечення безаварійної роботи енергосистеми, яка живить підприємство хімічної промисловості.Для компенсації реактивної потужності, яка споживається електроустановками промислового підприємства, можуть бути застосовані синхронні компенсатори, а також використовуються синхронні машини.
МИТНО-ТАРИФНЕ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ: МІЖНАРОДНИЙ ДОСВІД ТА ВІТЧИЗНЯНА ПРАКТИКА
Authors: Бережнюк І. Г. , Несторишен І. В.
Published: January 2021

У статті досліджено міжнародний досвід та вітчизняну практику митно-тарифного регулювання. Зазначено, що митно-тарифне регулювання зовнішньоекономічної діяльності є економічним методом регулювання міжнародної торгівлі, який застосовується в Україні з використанням таких інструментів: митного тарифу, класифікації товарів відповідно до товарної номенклатури зовнішньоекономічної діяльності, визначення країни походження товару, його митної вартості, а також застосування системи митних пільг та преференцій. Зауважено, що здійснення митно-тарифного регулювання – це складний і системний процес, у якому беруть участь не тільки суб’єкти функціонування усіх гілок державної влади – законодавчої, виконавчої і судової, але й безпосередні учасники міжнародних економічних відносин – підприємства. Наголошено, що створення оптимальних умов для конкуренції можливе тільки у разі вирішення головної суперечності митно-тарифного регулювання: з одного боку, воно повинно сприяти розвитку конкуренції, розв’язанню завдяки імпорту проблеми монополізації ринку підприємствами-монополістами, тобто реалізації наступальної функції; з іншого ‒ забезпечити захист національного товаровиробника від непосильної іноземної конкуренції, тобто виконання захисної функції. Авторами дослідження відмічено, що на практиці тарифний метод регулювання торгівлі полягає в застосуванні мита на товари при ввезенні або, рідше, при вивезенні з країни. В Україні застосовуються ввізне і вивізне мито, сезонне та особливі види мита. До особливих видів мита відносяться спеціальне, антидемпінгове, компенсаційне мита та додатковий імпортний збір. Особливі види мита (крім збору) застосовуються за результатами розслідувань і спрямовані на захист національного виробника. Проаналізовано міжнародну практику застування митно-тарифного регулювання, а саме, узагальнено основи сучасної торговельної політики США, яка отримала назву «Тарифна політика Дональда Трампа». Зазначено, що сучасні підходи до регулювання торгівлі мають ґрунтуватися на дотриманні міжнародних зобов’язань і передбачуваності торгової політики держави як надійного торгового партнера.
АКТУАЛІЗАЦІЯ ФУНКЦІЙ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ ФІСКАЛЬНОЇ СЛУЖБИ В ПРОЦЕСІ КОНТРОЛЮ ЗА МІЖНАРОДНИМ ПОШТОВИМ ОБМІНОМ
Authors: Федоришина Л. М.
Published: January 2021

У статті обґрунтовано, що функції митниці при переміщенні (пересиланні) товарів у міжнародних поштових і експрес-відправленнях через митний кордон України, зводяться до фіскальної, безпекової та інформаційно-аналітичної. Акцентовано, що головна увага митниць при переміщенні (пересиланні) товарів у міжнародних поштових (МПВ) і експрес-відправленнях (МЕВ) через митний кордон України повинна бути зосереджена на: 1) вміст посилки: недопущення переміщення (пересилання) у МПВ і МЕВ заборонених товарів; недопущення переміщення (пересилання) у МПВ і МЕВ товарів, що становлять культурну та історичну цінність; 2) вартість і вагу посилки: недопущення свідомого заниження митної вартості товарів, що пересилаються у МПВ і МЕВ; запобігання ухилянню від сплати митних платежів; запобігання мінімізації митних платежів. Зроблено висновок, що виконання митницями своїх функцій при переміщенні (пересиланні) товарів у МПВ і МЕВ через митний кордон України має бути організоване за принципами ефективності (при мінімальних витратах на організацію та обслуговування процесу переміщення товарів у МПВ і МЕВ досягається максимальна віддача від цього у вигляді збільшення надходження митних платежів, попередження порушень митних правил, запобігання контрабанді тощо), гласності (широке інформування громадськості про результати проведеної митницями роботи, зміни у законодавстві стосовно особливостей переміщення товарів у МПВ і МЕВ та відповідальність за порушення митних правил й контрабанду товарів) та об’єктивності (мінімізація впливу людського фактору при переміщенні товарів у МПВ і МЕВ за рахунок функціонування «Смарт»−митниці).
Delineating Agricultural Landuse Change using Geospatial Techniques and Markov Model in the Tarakanda Upazila of Mymensingh, Bangladesh and Future Prediction
Authors: Ullah Md Sofi , Shapla Tarulata , Hossain Md Amran , Hasan Md Hasibul
Published: January 2021

The study aims at detecting agricultural landuse change and its prediction by using the Markov model in Tarakanda Upazila of Mymensingh District during 1989-2018 which is one of the most fish farming dominated areas of Bangladesh. Therefore, agricultural landuse is converted to the fish farming sector as well as other sectors. In such a situation the study intends at identifying agricultural landuse shifting to various sectors from 1989 to 2018 and predicting it for the year of 2026 as a future vector of the Markov model. The study was conducted using multispectral data from Landsat imageries. The imageries for the years of 1989, 2000, 2010 and 2018 were collected from Landsat 4-5TM and Landsat 8 OLI-TRIS. Maximum likelihood classification and supervised classification were applied to detect landcovers of the study area. The study showed that in 1989, there was 58.55% of agricultural land, but it stood at 46.65% in 2018. About 11.9% of agricultural land has also decreased during 1989-2018. Therefore, yearly about 0.4% of agricultural land has decreased from 1989 to 2018. The predicted data shows that about 2.96% of agricultural land will be decreased from 2018-2026, hence, about 0.37% of agricultural land will be decreased in the near future in the study area. As a fish farming dominated area, the water body of the Tarakanda Upazila has increased by about 0.18% per year, similarly, other sectors have decreased at 0.21 percent per year. Therefore the landuse change dynamics should be considered seriously for future planning.

The Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Vol. 8(1), 2019, P 19-31
Glycaemic Status in Acute Stroke in Nondiabetic Patient
Authors: Patwary Mohammad Shamsul Arefin , Ahasan HAM Nazmul , Miah Md Titu , Islam Quazi Tarikul , Munmun Farzana Rahman , Chowdhury Joybaer Anam , Jahangir Ahmed Ferdous
Published: January 2021

Background: Elevated blood glucose is common in the early stage of stroke. Besides, blood glucose level increases during acute stroke in nondiabetic patients.

Objective: Objective of the study was to assess the glycemic status during acute stroke in nondiabetic patients, find the rate of newly developed diabetes during acute stroke and rate of newly developed Impaired Fasting Glucose, Impaired Glucose Tolerance during acute stroke.

Methods: The purposive sampling method was used to identify the patients and by proper history taking, documentary papers and laboratorial support evidenced by HbA1c level less than 6.5% (This means patient to be non diabetic). Data were collected from 100 patients. It was conducted from August, 2018 to February, 2019 in the Department of Medicine of Dhaka Medical College Hospital. The data were collected through questionnaire ,pre-tested earlier and data collection sheet illustrating the glycemic status during acute stroke among the nondiabetic patients.

Results: While analyzing the lab investigations among the respondents, mean HbA1c level was found 5.69± 0.65 mmol/L level which was found normal among the entire patient group. Patients Fasting Blood Sugar(FBS) was tested and mean FBS level was 5.94±0.86. In 62% of the patients, IFG was found, and in 12% of patients, FBS value was found to be diabetic while 26% showed normal glycemic status. Average OGTT(2 hours after 75 gm glucose) impression was 8.53± 2.02 mmol/L. OGTT level was normal among 30%, 54% patients had IGT and 16% of the respondents were found diabetic.

Conclusion: The study finds that, in patients with no history of diabetes who have acute stroke, may develop moderately elevated glucose levels which may affect short term and long term stroke related morbidity and mortality.

J MEDICINE JAN 2021; 22 (1) : 22-26
Social tolerance of spider Stegodyphus sarasinorum Karsch (1891) between their colonies under controlled and field conditions
Authors: Babu Nishi , Anand Anasuya , Prasad G.
Published: January 2021

Investigation on social interaction between the individuals of Stegodyphus sarasinorum of two different colonies and their cooperation in prey capture showed that members of different colony were socially accepted by both adults and juveniles. The study also revealed that this species prey upon rice ear bugs and cercopids which form major pests in paddy fields and banana plantation respectively.
Abdominal Drainage in Complicated Appendicectomy - Resources Down the Drain?
Authors: Nazarian Scarlet , Boardman Charlotte , Chohda Ezzat , Shah Ankur
Published: January 2021

Background: There is currently no clear consensus on the use of drains during an appendicectomy to prevent abscess formation. Our aim was to ascertain whether the use of drains in complicated appendicitis reduces post-operative complications and length of stay.Methods: We performed a retrospective review of patients with complicated appendicitis undergoing appendicectomy from March-November 2018. Complicated appendicectomy (perforated or gangrenous appendicitis) patients were divided into two groups; with drain Group 1 (G1) and no drain Group 2 (G2). Groups were compared for post-operative complications and length of stay. Results: Out of a total 76 patients, 26 (34%) had drain (G1) and 50 (66%) had no drain (G2). The pre-operative CRP in G1 vs. G2 (124.8 vs. 48.3, p= 0.02); post-operative complication 9 (34.6%) vs. 6 (12%), p=0.019); intra-abdominal abscess 5 (19.2%) vs. 3 (6%), p=0.07 and LOS 5.5 days vs. 3 days, p=0.0001 were significantly higher in patients with a drain.Conclusions: The use of an intra-operative drain in complicated appendicitis increases the risk of a post-operative complication and increases length of stay.Keywords: Appendicectomy; complicated appendicitis; drain
Orthopedic Sub-specialization: Need or Hype? Opinion from Nepalese Orthopedic Surgeons
Authors: Mishra Bibhuti Nath , Poudel Rishi Ram , Challa Sravya
Published: January 2021

Background: In Nepal, the trend of rushing to orthopedic subspecialty fellowship is rising up. It’s debatable whether this pattern of practice is advancing orthopaedic care. There are issues with cost of subspecialty training and work satisfaction after it. Thus, this study aims to analyze orthopaedic surgeon’s prospect regarding subspecialty training in Nepal.Methods: This is a cross sectional observational study designed to take opinion of orthopaedic surgeons of Nepal regarding subspecialty practice in orthopedics. Structured closed ended questionnaire was designed in form of “Survey app” and was disseminated to maximum possible via electronic media.Results: Out of total 93 respondents (mean age 37.07 years), 45.7% had a subspecialty training. Among fellowship completed surgeons (42), mean duration of fellowship was 6.92 months, India was the commonest destination (53.49%), and Arthroscopy was highest followed by Spine and Arthroplasty. Among them who haven’t done fellowship (51), 100% mentioned to have interest in doing one. Maximum respondents recommended paid/sponsored fellowships (94.62%) and of 12 months’ duration (44.1%). Total of 97.85% agreed that fellowship training in orthopedics has really become important. Only 4.3% agreed that fellowship is an unnecessary burden/hype. Only 16.1% agreed that surgeons get detached from mainstream orthopedics after fellowship and also only 11.9% agreed that there retains any threat to mother orthopedics in future.Conclusions: With emerging practice of subspecialty in Orthopedics in Nepal, a six months’ duration fellowship and paid fellowship program is the major choice. Thus, the fraternity should work on to promote subspecialty practice and trainings.Keywords: Fellowship; orthopedics; subspecialty training
COVID-19 Australia: Epidemiology Report 33: Fortnightly reporting period ending 17 January 2021
Authors:   COVID-19 National Incident Room Surveillance Team
Published: January 2021

This is the thirty-third epidemiological report for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), reported in Australia as at 23:59 Australian Eastern Daylight Time [AEDT] 17 January 2021. It includes data on COVID-19 cases diagnosed in Australia.
Epistemologi Hukum Islam: Perspektif Historis, Sosiologis dalam Pengembangan Dalil
Authors: Asmawi Asmawi
Published: January 2021

The epistemology of Islamic law that deals with the development of arguments, applies dynamically, since the application of Islamic law itself, from the time of the Prophet to the present. In the early days of Islam epistemology was developed based on revelation and reason. Along with the golden age of Islam, various reasons and methods of discovery of Islamic law developed such as qiyas, istislah, urf, istishab. In modern times, the dynamics have also become increasingly complex with the increasingly complex problematics of Islamic law, and the latter is using assistive sciences in the discovery of Islamic law. Such as the science of sociology, astronomy, health, biology, medicine, chemistry, and others. So that the epistemology of Islamic law is rationalist, empirical, theologic, and phenomenological.
Reposisi Pancasila dari Norm Menjadi Values sebagai Integrasi Pancasila dan Islam
Authors: Fatayati Sun , Mahardika Ahmad Gelora
Published: January 2021

Pancasila and Islam are two ideologies that are often seen as different. This can be seen from the history of the Indonesian state administration where it is recorded that Pancasila was used as a tool for the Government to dissolve organizations and parties with Islamic nuances, namely Masyumi and HTI. The contradiction was caused by the Government placing Pancasila as part of legal norms, not values. Even though the consequence of placing Pancasila as a legal norm should be that there should also be an agency authorized to conduct trials. However, unlike other legal norms, there is no single institution that has the authority to test Pancasila. In addition, according to experts, Pancasila is a building of values which is the way of life of the Indonesian people. The research method in this article is normative juridical. The result states that Pancasila should be positioned as a value, not as a legal norm.
Analisis Corak Pemikiran Fikih K.H. Lanre Said Al-Bugisi
Authors: Syandri Syandri , Kadir Ilham , Azwar Iskandar
Published: January 2021

This research aims to find out the pattern of Islamic jurisprudenceâ€™s thought and the ijtihad method of K.H. Lanre Said. This research is a qualitative descriptive using data related to Islamic jurisprudenceâ€™s thought of K.H. Lanre Said. The results showed that the knowledge of K.H. Lanre Said in the field of Islamic jurisprudence is enough high. Although it looks practical and simple, his ability to decipher the opinions of scholars is very good especially in the description of evidence derived from hadith. He expressed the opinions of the scholars then conclude them, although in several problems he did not choose one opinion of the scholars even made his own opinion. The Islamic jurisprudence concept in his mind is enough dynamic because he wrote many laws in jurisprudence problems relating to the law of ablution (taharah) until corpse (janazah) and other issues that are widely questioned and often occur in the community. In general, it can be said that the pattern of K.H. Lanre Saidâ€™s thought does not depend on just one sect (mazhab), even he encourage the freedom of embracing the spect.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCT/Unesp): Contextualização Histórica
Authors: Costa Jefferson Martins , Lima Vanda Moreira Machado
Published: January 2021

Este artigo visa apresentar o contexto histórico do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Estadual Paulista. Resulta de uma pesquisa de iniciação cientifica que teve como objetivo investigar a história e a produção acadêmica do referido Programa, priorizando a análise crítica das produções sobre a formação de professores dos anos inicias. Para tanto, foi desenvolvida uma investigação com abordagem qualitativa, mediante pesquisa bibliográfica e análise documental. A pesquisa bibliográfica (Lima & Mioto, 2017) consistiu em debruçar-nos sobre o papel da universidade pública no contexto educacional brasileiro e a formação de professores de anos iniciais. Para a análise das produções junto ao PPGE/FCT/Unesp, utilizamos a análise documental (Cellard, 2010), buscando construir o “estado do conhecimento” da produção acadêmica. Entendemos que a universidade tem papel importante como espaço de produção de conhecimento e formação profissional, comprometido com a democratização do saber e, consequentemente, com a transformação da sociedade em favor da justiça social. Os resultados evidenciaram que a criação do Programa ocorreu em 2000, inicialmente com o curso de mestrado e, posteriormente, também o doutorado, com foco no desenvolvimento humano e na formação docente, tendo sido concluídas, no período analisado, 327 dissertações e 89 teses. O Programa se constitui de 30 docentes credenciados e 554 alunos matriculados, sendo 405 mestrandos e 149 doutorandos. Identificamos que as produções acadêmicas do PPGE/FCT/Unesp enfatizam a Educação Básica e o Ensino Superior e possuem como aspecto comum e reiterado a defesa da formação docente como elemento essencial para a melhoria da qualidade do ensino nas escolas públicas e, consequentemente, das práticas pedagógicas dos professores como sujeitos críticos e reflexivos.
Percepção discente acerca das consequências do descarte inadequado dos resíduos de saúde
Authors: Guimarães Paulyne Souza Silva , Vilela Rosana Quintella Brandão , Silva Rillary Caroline de Melo , Silva Paulo Jorge Torres Guimarães , Silva Esvaldo dos Santos , Lima Alexandre de Souza , Silva Renné Costa da
Published: January 2021

Conhecer a percepção de discentes do curso de graduação em enfermagem acerca das consequências do manejo inadequado dos resíduos de saúde. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo descritiva e analítica com abordagem qualitativa, realizada com nove discentes do 4º, 6º e 7º período. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio da técnica de grupo focal. Os dados obtidos foram organizados e analisados resultando em três categorias, a saber: riscos socioambientais, riscos ocupacionais e gastos desnecessários. Constatou-se que o manejo inadequado dos resíduos de saúde está diretamente relacionado à produção de riscos na dimensão social, ambiental e ocupacional. Além de comprometer a dimensão econômica do setor saúde já tão precário. O tema requer uma reflexão ampliada e crítica, fazendo-se necessário que os discentes compreendam que tal ação negativa não se limita apenas a nível local, mas sobretudo global.
Computational bases study for complexes containing Cd (II) and biological evaluation in silico
Authors: Bastos Ruan Sousa , Araujo Joabe Lima , Ferreira Maria de Lourde de Aguiar Silva , Silva Welson de Freitas , Passos Ionara Nayana Gomes , Lima Francisco das Chagas Alves , Rocha Jefferson Almeida
Published: January 2021

Computational chemistry only gained international recognition after making a significant contribution to the scientific advances that resulted in Nobel prizes. With the technological evolution of the last decades, software was created with the aim of studying, investigating and understanding chemical processes at the molecular level of experimental studies. This promoted research agility and reduced costs with laboratory work. In this work, 5 different sets of computational bases were studied: STO-3G, LAN2DZ, SDD, 3-21G and DGDZVP, using the GaussView 5 and Gaussian 09w software with the DFT and B3LYP functional hybrid method. The distance and angle parameters of the di-u-chloro-bis complex [chlorine (4,7-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline) cadmium (II)] were obtained. The RMSD values obtained for each of the bases were observed. Molecular docking test was performed for each base, to verify which one had better parameters. It was noted in this study that the set of SDD bases presented the best results in the tests, being classified as the most suitable for studies of structures containing the element cadmium in its composition.
Impactos globais da infecção por COVID-19 em pacientes com a doença de Parkinson: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Paiva Karina Maia , Oliveira Rodrigo Freire , Rocha Gabriel Sousa da , Morais Paulo Leonardo Araújo de Góis , Araújo Dayane Pessoa de , Oliveira Lucídio Clebeson de , Guzen Fausto Pierdoná , Cavalcanti José Rodolfo Lopes de Paiva
Published: January 2021

O surto pandêmico de infecção pelo Coronavírus 2019-nCoV (COVID-19) é alvo pesquisas para compreender suas repercussões em pacientes com doenças neurológicas, como a doença de Parkinson. Este artigo visa discutir as evidências na literatura científica sobre os riscos e complicações da pandemia por COVID-19 sobre portadores de Parkinson. Foram realizadas buscas de artigos em inglês, português ou espanhol por meio das bases de dados PubMed, PubMed, Lilacs, ScienceDirect e SciElo, usando os descritores de forma associada: Coronavirus Infections” OR “COVID-19” AND “Parkinson Disease” sobre os anos de 2019 e 2020. Foram encontrados 268 resultados que, após aplicados critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram reduzidos a 23 artigos. A análise dos itens indica que a pandemia contribui para estresse psicológico e está relacionado com a piora de sintomas não-motores e motores. Os sintomas são agravados por dificuldades de acesso ao atendimento de saúde, acesso às medicações e da manutenção de tratamentos especializados. Em pacientes com infecção por COVID-19 esta pode levar a desregulação imune, morte neuronal e alterações no metabolismo dopaminérgico além de que a ativação inflamatória poderia agravar a sinucleinopatia. A doença de Parkinson por si não representa um aumento de risco de infecção, no entanto a idade média dos pacientes e comorbidades desse grupo são fatores que aumentam as chances de hospitalização e morte após contrair COVID-19. Nessa perspectiva, estratégias protetoras como exercício físico, fisioterapia, dinâmicas psicossociais e ferramentas de telemedicina são essenciais e tem de ser adaptadas para promover o cuidado de saúde em tempos isolamento.Incluir o resumo.
PLANNING NURSING CARE OF AN INDIVIDUAL DIAGNOSED WITH COVID-19 ACCORDING TO WATSON’S THEORY OF HUMAN CARING: A CASE REPORT
Authors: YANMIŞ Safiye , ÖZYER Yasemin
Published: January 2021

COVID-19 pandemic is a global health crisis defining our age. As a result of the uncontrollable stress in individuals diagnosed withCOVID-19, individuals show avoidance behaviours and as a resultpatient restrict their behaviours to a great extent. Intenseanxiety worry and uncertainty individuals experience cause them to give different reactions and lead to deterioration in their quality of life. It is essential for nurses working in this challenging process to provide remedial care to individuals by supporting faith, trust and hope. In this case report, nursing care was planned and applied to a 55-year-old COVID-19 diagnosed female patient who was married with three children according to Watson’s Theory of Human Caring. While providing care to the patient, the concepts of faith, hope and trust were supported by taking into consideration the emotional, spiritual and physical needs of the patient. The patient was encouraged to express her negative and positive feelings for the disease and her fears and worries were reduced. It was found that nursing care interventions created with Watson’s Theory of Human Caring reduced the patient’s fears, made communication stronger and supported faith and hope
Developing Academic English in Speaking and Writing
Authors: Rozenfield Jozef , Tomaščíková Slávka
Published: January 2021

The academic textbook entitled “Developing Academic English in Speaking and Writing” responds to the need identified by the authors in their own teaching practice to integrate the enhancement of the academic skills of speaking and writing into a single coherent approach. Using complex methodologies of academic speaking and academic writing, the authors offer practical guidelines on how to broaden students’ knowledge of the discourse of Academic English and how to improve their academic competencies and productive language skills in speaking and writing in English. The textbook is designed for university students of English philology, students of literary and cultural studies focusing on Anglophone areas, students of English translation and interpretation study programmes, but also for students who study in English and who are expected to engage in scientific inquiry, document their research in Bachelor and Master theses or in doctoral dissertations written in English, and to present their work to their academic community.
THE USE OF THE JIGSAW METHOD TO IMPROVE HISTORICAL LEARNING ACTIVITIES AND RESULTS OF CLASS XII IPS (SOCIAL SCIENCE) OF SMA NEGERI 10 PEKANBARU
Authors: Marta Julita , Usman Raja
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study was to improve the activities and learning outcomes in two cycles. Before carrying out the learning process, a test was held, namely the pre-cycle total value (2390); cycle I (2885), and cycle II (3070). For the average score of pre-cycle class  was 68.29, cycle I increased to 78.92 and cycle II increased to 87.71. The results obtained were based on minimum learning mastery is 80, the completeness score in the complete pre-cycle was only 8 pstudents (22.86%), 27 students were not complete (77.14%). In cycle 4, the complete one increased to 24 students (68.57%, incomplete II students (31.43%). In cycle II, 34 students (97.14%) and incomplete one 02.86%). For The results of the scores based on the high and the  lowest of pre-cycle values, the highest were 85 and the lowest was 45; for cycle I the highest was 95 and the lowest was 75 based on the range and criteria of value, in the pre-cycle of the percentage was 3143% (enough); cycle I was very high 37.14% and cycle II was very high criteria which was 51.43%. Student activity in each cycle increased, namely cycle 1 was 71.43 and cycle II was 85.71. It can be concluded that the use of the jigsaw method can improve the activity and learning outcomes of class XII IPS SMA Negeri 10 Pekanbaru.
Metformin Reverses the Enhanced Myocardial SR/ER–Mitochondria Interaction and Impaired Complex I-Driven Respiration in Dystrophin-Deficient Mice
Authors: Angebault Claire , Panel Mathieu , Lacôte Mathilde , Rieusset Jennifer , Lacampagne Alain , Fauconnier Jérémy
Published: January 2021

Besides skeletal muscle dysfunction, Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) exhibits a progressive cardiomyopathy characterized by an impaired calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis and a mitochondrial dysfunction. Here we aimed to determine whether sarco-endoplasmic reticulum (SR/ER)–mitochondria interactions and mitochondrial function were impaired in dystrophic heart at the early stage of the pathology. For this purpose, ventricular cardiomyocytes and mitochondria were isolated from 3-month-old dystrophin-deficient mice (mdx mice). The number of contacts points between the SR/ER Ca2+ release channels (IP3R1) and the porine of the outer membrane of the mitochondria, VDAC1, measured using in situ proximity ligation assay, was greater in mdx cardiomyocytes. Expression levels of IP3R1 as well as the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU) and its regulated subunit, MICU1, were also increased in mdx heart. MICU2 expression was however unchanged. Furthermore, the mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake kinetics and the mitochondrial Ca2+ content were significantly increased. Meanwhile, the Ca2+-dependent pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphorylation was reduced, and its activity significantly increased. In Ca2+-free conditions, pyruvate-driven complex I respiration was decreased whereas in the presence of Ca2+, complex I-mediated respiration was boosted. Further, impaired complex I-mediated respiration was independent of its intrinsic activity or expression, which remains unchanged but is accompanied by an increase in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production. Finally, mdx mice were treated with the complex I modulator metformin for 1 month. Metformin normalized the SR/ER-mitochondria interaction, decreased MICU1 expression and mitochondrial Ca2+ content, and enhanced complex I-driven respiration. In summary, before any sign of dilated cardiomyopathy, the DMD heart displays an aberrant SR/ER-mitochondria coupling with an increase mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis and a complex I dysfunction. Such remodeling could be reversed by metformin providing a novel therapeutic perspective in DMD.
Formative Decision-Making in Response to Primary Science Classroom Assessment: What to do Next?
Authors: Earle Sarah
Published: January 2021

Classroom assessment is purposeful when the information is utilised by teachers to support learning. Such formative assessment practices can be difficult to enact in a primary science classroom, with the whole class often involved in practical activities and with limited lesson time. This preliminary study seeks to explore formative decision-making and the subsequent actions taken by teachers in the classroom. Primary teachers who used a Teacher Assessment in Primary Science (TAPS) Focused Assessment activity were asked to describe what action they took as a result of the classroom interactions stimulated by the activity. 142 teachers in 9 regions of England completed a paper questionnaire at a training day. The qualitative data pertinent to the study was extracted and thematic content analysis carried out to determine the kinds of actions and changes to practice that were described. It was found that the “next step” described by teachers varied in timing; some made changes within the lesson, others provided follow up activities or made longer-term adaptation to teaching practices. Being responsive to the assessment information provided by the children took many forms, for example, supporting pupils to reflect on investigations during the lesson, discussing vocabulary or concepts, providing time for further exploration, or explicit modeling of science skills. Formative decisions were taken at a whole class level, rather than making individual adaptations. It is argued that enabling teachers to be more explicit about their tacit decision-making could support them to make more formative use of assessment information to support pupil learning.
Airborne eDNA Reflects Human Activity and Seasonal Changes on a Landscape Scale
Authors: Johnson Mark D. , Cox Robert D. , Grisham Blake A. , Lucia Duane , Barnes Matthew A.
Published: January 2021

Recent research on environmental DNA (eDNA), genetic material shed by organisms into their environment that can be used for sensitive and species-specific detection, has focused on the ability to collect airborne eDNA released by plants and carried by the wind for use in terrestrial plant populations, including detection of invasive and endangered species. Another possible application of airborne eDNA is to detect changes in plant communities in response to activity or changes on a landscape-scale. Therefore, the goal of this study was to demonstrate how honey mesquite, blue grama, and general plant airborne eDNA changes in response to human activity on a landscape-scale. We monitored airborne eDNA before, during, and after a rangeland restoration effort that included honey mesquite removal. As expected, restoration activity resulted in a massive increase in airborne honey mesquite eDNA. However, we also observed changes in abundance of airborne eDNA from the grass genus Bouteloua, which was not directly associated with the restoration project, and we attribute these changes to both human activity and seasonal trends. Overall, we demonstrate for the first time that activity and changes on a landscape-scale can be tracked using airborne eDNA collection, and we suggest that airborne eDNA has the potential to help monitor and assess ecological restoration projects, track changes due to global warming, or investigate community changes in response to encroachment by invasive species or extirpation of threatened and endangered species.
Are Endophytic Bacteria an Option for Increasing Heavy Metal Tolerance of Plants? A Meta-Analysis of the Effect Size
Authors: Franco-Franklin Valeria , Moreno-Riascos Sandra , Ghneim-Herrera Thaura
Published: January 2021

Plant endophytic bacteria have received special attention in recent decades for their ability to improve plant response to multiple stresses. A positive effect of endophytes on plant’s ability to cope with drought, salinity, nitrogen deficiency, and pathogens have already been demonstrated in numerous studies, and recently this evidence was consolidated in a meta-analysis of published data. Endophytic bacteria have also been implicated in increasing resistance to heavy metals in plants; despite the important biotechnological applications of such effect in heavy metal bioremediation and agriculture, efforts to systematically analyze studies in this field have been limited. In this study, we address this task with the objective of establishing whether the findings made for other types of stresses extend to the response to heavy metals. Specifically, we seek to establish if plant inoculation with plant-growth promoting endophytic bacteria have an impact on their tolerance to heavy metal stress? We carried out a meta-analysis of the effect size of inoculation with endophytic bacteria on the host plant biomass in response to heavy metal stress (aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, copper, chromium, manganese, nickel, lead, and zinc), which included 27 (from 76 published in the last 10 years) studies under controlled conditions that evaluated 19 host plants and 20 bacterial genera. Our results suggest that endophytic bacteria increase the biomass production of host plants subjected to different heavy metals, indicating their effectiveness in protecting plants from a wide range of metal toxicities. Stress mitigation by the bacteria was similar among the different plant groups with the exception of non-accumulating plants that benefit most from the symbiotic association. Host identity and heavy metal concentration seem to influence the effect of the bacteria. Our analysis revealed that bacterial consortia provide the greatest benefit although the most common biotechnological applications are not directed towards them, and support the value of endophytic bacteria as an alternative to mitigate heavy metal stress in a wide variety of hosts.
Integrative Epigenomic Analysis of Transcriptional Regulation of Human CircRNAs
Authors: Li Xue-Cang , Tang Zhi-Dong , Peng Li , Li Yan-Yu , Qian Feng-Cui , Zhao Jian-Mei , Ding Ling-Wen , Du Xiao-Juan , Li Meng , Zhang Jian , Bai Xue-Feng , Zhu Jiang , Feng Chen-Chen , Wang Qiu-Yu , Pan Jian , Li Chun-Quan
Published: January 2021

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are evolutionarily conserved and abundant non-coding RNAs whose functions and regulatory mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we identify and characterize an epigenomically distinct group of circRNAs (TAH-circRNAs), which are transcribed to a higher level than their host genes. By integrative analysis of cistromic and transcriptomic data, we find that compared with other circRNAs, TAH-circRNAs are expressed more abundantly and have more transcription factors (TFs) binding sites and lower DNA methylation levels. Concordantly, TAH-circRNAs are enriched in open and active chromatin regions. Importantly, ChIA-PET results showed that 23–52% of transcription start sites (TSSs) of TAH-circRNAs have direct interactions with cis-regulatory regions, strongly suggesting their independent transcriptional regulation from host genes. In addition, we characterize molecular features of super-enhancer-driven circRNAs in cancer biology. Together, this study comprehensively analyzes epigenomic characteristics of circRNAs and identifies a distinct group of TAH-circRNAs that are independently transcribed via enhancers and super-enhancers by TFs. These findings substantially advance our understanding of the regulatory mechanism of circRNAs and may have important implications for future investigations of this class of non-coding RNAs.
Empirical and Rational Design of T Cell Receptor-Based Immunotherapies
Authors: Jones Heather F. , Molvi Zaki , Klatt Martin G. , Dao Tao , Scheinberg David A.
Published: January 2021

The use of T cells reactive with intracellular tumor-associated or tumor-specific antigens has been a promising strategy for cancer immunotherapies in the past three decades, but the approach has been constrained by a limited understanding of the T cell receptor’s (TCR) complex functions and specificities. Newer TCR and T cell-based approaches are in development, including engineered adoptive T cells with enhanced TCR affinities, TCR mimic antibodies, and T cell-redirecting bispecific agents. These new therapeutic modalities are exciting opportunities by which TCR recognition can be further exploited for therapeutic benefit. In this review we summarize the development of TCR-based therapeutic strategies and focus on balancing efficacy and potency versus specificity, and hence, possible toxicity, of these powerful therapeutic modalities.