bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SARS-CoV-2 isolates missing part of the furin cleavage site
Authors: Romeu Antonio R.
Published: September 2023

The discovery ofbat coronaviruses in Southeast Asia very similar to SARS-CoV-2 is key to deciphering SARS-CoV-2’s origin. They are remarkable the bat coronaviruses BANAL52 fromLaos and Rp22DB159 from Vietnam, which are the closest known relatives of SARS-CoV-2. Bat BANAL52 and Rp22DB159 spike glycorpotein havethe receptor binding domain almost identical to that of SARS-CoV-2, they can therefore infect human cells, despite the absence of the polybasic furin cleavage motif. Consistently, BANAL52 and Rp22DB159 sarbecoviruses have the characteristics to be considered progenitors of SARS-CoV-2. The key evolutionary step leading to the pandemic virus was the acquisition in a progenitor of SARS-CoV-2 the S gene insert encoding the polybasic furin cleavage site. Ahypothesis for the probable human origin of that S gene insertincludes that it has been acquired by recombination between the genome of a progenitor of SARS-CoV-2 and human mRNA transcripts within human infected cells. The question is whether it could be that in some cases this recombination did not occur. At this point, I was interested in conducting a sequenceanalysis to explore whether existSARS-CoV-2 isolatesmissing the furin cleavage motif. With the purpose of creating a curated working sample, I downloaded from NCBI Virus database SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein sequences with the following filters: host, human; ambiguous characters, 0; sequence length, min. 1260, max. 1300. The total number of downloaded sequences was 2,331,196. As a results, 3,070 sequencesshowed specific mutations within the novel RRAR furin cleavage motif. However, here I show eightSARS-CoV-2 isolates missing part of the furin site including the RRAR cleavage motif. These eightSARS-CoV-2 isolates show the TMPRSS2 cleavage motif at the S1/S2 junction regionstrictly conserved. In conclusion, results suggest that as long as TMPRSS2 cleavage site would be present at the SARS‐CoV-2 spike glycoprotein S1/S2 junction, the furin clevage sitemay not be entirely essential. At least it is not for eight SARS-CoV-2 isolates.
Global patterns and drivers of dissolved organic matter across Earth systems: Evidence from H/C and O/C ratios
Authors: Hu Ang , Han Lei , Lu Xiancai , Zhang Ganlin , Wang Jianjun
Published: September 2023

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is ubiquitous and contains a complex pool of thousands of distinct molecules, and their chemical characteristics help us inform the fate of global carbon. Yet, a more holistic perspective of molecular characteristics of DOM and underlying mechanisms across Earth systems and climates remain understudied. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of the molecular characteristics of DOM using two abundance-weighted average indices, i.e., H/C and O/C ratios by compiling 3,558 samples from 317 studies covering the waters, land, plant, petroleum, and atmosphere systems, and the climatic regions from tropics to tundra. H/C ratios are lower on average in waters (H/C = 1.15 ± 0.005) and land (H/C = 1.20 ± 0.010) than the other systems, while their O/C ratios rank between plant and atmosphere. In the waters and land systems, the H/C ratios of DOM vary from the highest to the lowest in the habitats of land-to-ocean continuum generally as snow > glacier > marine ≥ freshwater/soil > groundwater. The H/C ratios show predictably U-shaped patterns along latitudinal gradients indicating the lowest abundance of more hydrogen saturated molecules at around mid-latitudes of 40°-50° in river water, lake water, and forest soil. The two ratios are primarily controlled by the environmental factors such as pH, dissolved oxygen, and carbon and nitrogen contents. We further unveil additional and considerable links between the ratios and the extremes of climatic factors such as precipitation of warmest quarter and maximum temperature of warmest month. Our synthesis provides molecular-level perspectives to characterize the global distribution and underlying drivers of DOM, which is complementary for our understanding global carbon cycle’s processes under future global change.
Security Testing of a Smart Home Management System using Formal Method and Gray-box Testing
Authors: Nguyen Long , Simmons Allan , Tran Hai-Anh , Tran Truong
Published: September 2023

The increasing prevalence of Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices in households has led to a need for security testing. In a Smart Home system, the central management software is often used to control and automate the smart devices. However, it can be difficult to ensure the security of the centralized software that controls a wide selection of devices. In this paper, we present our study using the formal method and gray-box testing to analyze and validate the security of a popular Smart Home Management software: Home Assistant system. We based our study on the guidelines provided by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The paper presents the details of our testing methods, results, discussion, and guidance for resolving any exposed vulnerabilities. Our testing results show that the Home Assistant system is vulnerable to a number of attacks, including denial-of-service attacks, data breaches, and unauthorized access. We recommend that Home Assistant developers take steps to address these vulnerabilities in order to improve the security of their systems. We hope that our study will help to raise awareness of the security risks associated with IoT devices and encourage developers to take steps to protect their users.
Participatory Epidemiology of Endemic Bovine Diseases amongest Dasanech and Nyangatom Pastoralists, South Omo Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Mulugeta Yebelayhun , Hordofa Debele , Elias Defar
Published: September 2023

A community based cross-sectional study was conducted to validate the existing veterinary knowledge of Dasanech and Nyangatom pastoralists on endemic diseases and to determine their perception of rank, morbidity, and mortality of the disease. The study was conducted among South Omo Pastoralists in Ethiopia from September 2021 to June 2022. Using participatory appraisal methods, 96 informants were included in the study to provide in-depth information. The results showed that Anthrax, Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia, Trypanosomiasis, Pasteurellosis, and Lumpy Skin Disease were the five most important diseases prioritized in the study areas based on the impact on livelihood. The relative prevalence of these diseases were 18%, 16.5%, 6%, 8.5% and 3.4%, with case fatality rates of 14%, 10.88%, 5.58%, 5.3%, and 2% respectively. The study also revealed that pastoralists had good knowledge of these diseases and their clinical signs. The study showed that the concordance between informant groups, veterinary literatures, and research works showed that Dasanech and Nyangatom pastoralists are knowledgeable about endemic bovine diseases. Therefore, the study recommended that disease control intervention measures in the area should involve the community and consider these diseases.
Süßwasserrotalgen der Ahr – Ergebnisse einer Kartierung von der Quelle bis zur Mündung
Authors: Killmann Dorothee , Leh Burkhard , Fischer Eberhard
Published: September 2023

Im März und April 2014 wurde die Rotalgenflora der Ahr (nördliches Rheinland-Pfalz) von der Quelle bis zur Mündung kartiert. Hierbei konnten die fünf Arten Audouinella hermannii, Batrachospermum confusum, Hildenbrandia rivularis, Lemanea fluviatilis und Lemanea fucina nachgewiesen werden. Eine weitere, noch unbestimmte Lemanea-Art besitzt einen charakteristisch gegliederten Thallus. Die Rotalgen zeigen eine deutliche räumliche Zonierung in der Ahr: Batrachospermum confusum ist nur im Quellbereich der Ahr bei Blankenheim zu finden. Unterhalb von Blankenheim finden sich die individuenreichsten Vorkommen von Hildenbrandia rivularis. Lemanea fucina bevorzugt den Oberlauf der Ahr, während Lemanea fluviatilis vor allem im Unterlauf zu finden ist. Audouinella hermannii sitzt gelegentlich als Epiphyt auf den Thalli der Lemanea- Arten. Das jahreszeitlich extrem schwankende Vorkommen der Rotalgen wird am Fundort Lohrsdorf dokumentiert. Das Vorkommen der bei Ahrweiler nachgewiesenen Bangia atropurpurea konnte nicht bestätigt werden.
Zur Taxonomie von Ulota crispa s. str. und U. crispula
Authors: Bomble F. Wolfgang
Published: September 2023

Die heute meist als Synonym von Ulota crispa angesehene U. crispula wurde bisher meist ausschließlich anhand einer extremen Kapselform differenziert. Kurze, plötzlich in die Seta verschmälerte Kapseln werden in dieser Arbeit aber nur als eine Ausprägung von U. crispula verstanden. U. crispula ist durch eine kleinere, tendenziell abweichend geformte Kapsel, einen zierlicheren Habitus und insbesondere phänologisch deutlich von U. crispa s. str. unterscheidbar. U. crispa s. str. und U. crispula sollten, wie früher üblich, als Arten aufgefasst werden. Im Aachener Stadtgebiet und Umgebung ist U. crispula eine euryöke Art, die wesentlich häufiger als die stärker an luftfeuchte Standorte gebundene U. crispa s. str. ist.
Ökologischer Zustand eines urbangeprägten Tieflandbaches bei Bonn (NRW) unter besonderer Berücksichtigung anthropogen bedingter Schwermetallbelastungen
Authors: Hüsecken Friederike , Hamm Andreé
Published: September 2023

An insgesamt acht Probestellen wurde im Zeitraum von Oktober 2011 bis September 2012 der ökologische Zustand des Hardtbaches (Tieflandbach bei Bonn, Alfter, NRW) unter Berücksichtigung anthropogen bedingter Schwermetallbelastungen untersucht. Neben der Kartierung der Gewässerstruktur und der Überprüfung der Wasserqualität anhand chemisch-physikalischer Parameter, wurden zudem Makrozoobenthos-Aufsammlungen nach dem Prinzip des Multi-Habitat-Samplings durchgeführt. Zusätzlich wurden Bachflohkrebse, Wasser-, Sediment- und Laubproben hinsichtlich ihrer Gehalte an Blei, Zink und Cadmium analysiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass insgesamt 8033 Organismen erfasst wurden, die sich am Hardtbach 75 Taxa zuordnen ließen. Besonders bemerkenswert waren die Fänge von insgesamt vier Köcherfliegen-Arten, die auf der Roten-Liste BRD geführt werden. Die Schwermetalluntersuchungen ergaben, dass in einzelnen Bachkomponenten immer noch zum Teil sehr hohe Konzentrationen an Blei, Zink und Cadmium nachgewiesen wurden, insbesondere in den Bachflohkrebsen.
Vorkommen von Cyperus eragrostis Lam. (Frischgrünes Zypergras, Cyperaceae) im Ruhrgebiet, einer bislang in Deutschland seltenen Adventivart
Authors: Gausmann Peter , Kordges Thomas , Büscher Dietrich , Loos Götz Heinrich , Fuchs Renate , Keil Peter , Buch Corinne
Published: September 2023

Es wird über mehrere Funde des bislang in Deutschland noch seltenen Neophyten Cyperus eragrostis im Ruhrgebiet berichtet sowie die Herkunft der Pflanzen, das Einbürgerungspotenzial und eine mögliche zukünftige Ausbreitung der Art diskutiert. Des Weiteren wird die Vergesellschaftung der Art an zwei Standorten anhand von Vegetationsaufnahmen dokumentiert.
lange übersehenes Fingerkraut (Potentilla sect. Collinae) neu in Deutschland
Authors: Weller Andr é-Alexander
Published: September 2023

Der Einzelfund eines Fingerkrautes (Potentilla) der Sektion Collinae (Th. Wolf) Kołodziejek in der Nordpfalz wird als Potentilla psammophila Soják determiniert. Es handelt sich um den Erstnachweis der Art in Deutschland, die lediglich von einem Fundort in Nordböhmen (Tschechische Republik) bekannt ist und seit der Sammlung des Typusmaterials in den 1920er Jahren nicht mehr nachgewiesen wurde. Neben einer morphologischen Analyse des Belegexemplars im Vergleich mit Isotypenmaterial werden im Beitrag ökologische und biogeografische Aspekte sowie Unterschiede zu anderen Vertretern von P. collina agg. diskutiert; die Hypothese einer Spontanentstehung (z. B. durch Hybridisierung) bzw. der Zugehörigkeit zu einer taxonomisch unbeschriebenen Sippe werden verworfen. Innerhalb der Kollektivart ist P. psammophila durch eine eigenständige Merkmalskombination gekennzeichnet, darunter den relativ aufrechten Wuchs mit zickzackförmig gebogenen Stängeln, die dichte, graufilzige Behaarung der Blattunterseite, Teilblättchen der mittleren Stängelblätter mit vergrößerten, stark konkaven Endzähnen und gegenüber den Kelchblättern deutlich verlängerte Kronblätter.
Vegetation der Halbtrockenrasen im Naturschutzgebiet Koppelstein-Helmestal – Bestandserfassung und Dynamik in 30 Jahren
Authors: Fränkel Lena , Killmann Dorothee , Fischer Eberhard
Published: September 2023

Die Flora und Vegetation der Halbtrockenrasen (Mesobrometum) im Naturschutzgebiet Koppelstein-Helmestal wurde von März bis Juli 2015 untersucht. Dabei konnten 193 Gefäßpflanzenarten nachgewiesen werden, darunter 10 gefährdete Arten (Aster amellus, Dactylorhiza maculata, Himantoglossum hircinum, Inula salicina, Ophrys apifera, O. holoserica, Orchis mascula, O. militaris, Orobanche caryophyllacea und Pulsatilla vulgaris). Auf 11 Flächen wurden vegetationskundliche Aufnahmen durchgeführt, wobei 94 Gefäßpflanzenarten nachgewiesen werden konnten. Im Vergleich zur Untersuchung von Fischer (1992), der im Jahr 1984 76 Arten auf den Halbtrockenrasen nachweisen konnte, hat sich die Artenzahl deutlich erhöht. Auch die Gesamtfläche der Halbtrockenrasen konnte durch Pflegemaßnahmen vergrößert werden. Ophrys insectifera, Orchis anthropophora und Gentianopsis ciliata wurden jedoch 2015 nicht wiedergefunden. Das Vorkommen und die Bestandsentwicklung ausgewählter Arten, darunter der Orchideen, wird diskutiert und die Bedeutung von Pflegemaßnahmen für den Erhalt der Halbtrockenrasen hervorgehoben.
Fossile Pflanzenreste aus den ehemaligen Braunkohlen- und Alauntongruben bei Bonn-Friesdorf (Oberoligozän; Nordrhein-Westfalen)
Authors: Winterscheid Heinrich
Published: September 2023

Aus den ehemaligen Braunkohlen- und Alauntongruben bei Bonn-Friesdorf werden einige Pflanzenfossilien beschrieben, die während der Bergbauzeit gesammelt und in der Sammlung des Naturhistorischen Vereins hinterlegt wurden. Die Sammlung befindet sich heute im Steinmann-Institut der Universität. Die Flora besteht aus sechs Taxa: Pinaceae [gen. indet.], zwei Ulmaceae [Ulmus plurinervia Unger, Zelkova zelkovaefolia (Unger) Bůžek & Kotlaba in Kotlaba], zwei Juglandaceae [Carya rostrata (Schloth.) Schimper, Carya ventricosa (Sternb.) Unger] und einer Styracaceae [Styrax maximus (C.O. Weber) Kirchh.]. Die Braunkohle und der Alaunton gehört lithostratigraphisch zu den südlichsten Ausläufern der Köln-Formation der Niederrheinischen Bucht, chronostratigraphisch ist dieser Abschnitt in das Oberoligozän (Chattium) zu stellen.
Naturwaldreservat Schwappelbruch im Soonwald – ein bemerkenswerter Standort seltener und gefährdeter Flechten
Authors: Killmann Dorothee , Leh Burkhard , Fischer Eberhard
Published: September 2023

Die Flechten des Naturwaldreservates Schwappelbruch im Soonwald wurden untersucht. Dabei konnten 50 Flechtenarten sowie ein lichenicoler Pilz nachgewiesen werden. Besonders bemerkenswert ist die Diversität der coniocarpen Flechten (Calicium spp., Chaenotheca spp.).
Makrozoobenthos der Lahn unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des schiffbaren Abschnitts von Gießen bis Lahnstein
Authors: Schöll Franz
Published: September 2023

Das Makrozoobenthos der Lahn von der Quelle bis zur Mündung wird beschrieben. Datengrundlage sind Untersuchungen der Bundesanstalt für Gewässerkunde (BfG) am schiffbaren Abschnitt aus dem Jahre 2016 sowie Makrozoobenthos-Erhebungen des Landesamtes für Natur, Umwelt und Verbraucherschutz NRW, (LANUV NRW), des Hessischen Landesamtes für Naturschutz, Umwelt und Geologie (HLNUG) und des Landesamtes für Umwelt Rheinland-Pfalz (LFU RLP) aus den Jahren 2010 - 2014. Insgesamt wurden mehr als 200 Arten nachgewiesen. Die vorgefundene Lebensgemeinschaft entspricht der typologischen und längszonalen Gliederung der Lahn, die allerdings durch anthropogen Einflüsse überprägt wird. Das Arteninventar der schiffbaren Lahn liegt deutlich über dem des Mittelrheins und der unteren Mosel. Unterschiede bezüglich der Verbreitung von Neozoen und einheimischen Arten erklären sich mit dem unterschiedlichen Grad des Ausbaus für die Schifffahrt. Die Analyse der ökologischen Valenzen zeigt, dass das Potential für eine Wiederherstellung einer flusstypischen Lebensgemeinschaft im schiffbaren Abschnitt vorhanden ist.
Olivine Exit Interviews—Piecing Together Magmatic Puzzles
Authors: Ruprecht Philipp , Welsch Benoît
Published: September 2023

When magmas erupt at the surface, they may have undergone many changes since their inception. While olivine drives some of these changes through crystallization and fractionation, it also records the magma evolution via mineral chemistry and by trapping mineral and melt inclusions. Olivine is an effective recorder of intensive parameters, such as temperature and melt composition, and provides an outstanding petrological tool for constraining dynamic processes, such as ascent, mixing, and cooling. Olivine sheds light on magmatic puzzles that involve both mafic and more evolved magmas, with protracted and complex magmatic histories that often obscure earlier and deeper processes. This contribution summarizes the current state of how olivine helps reconstruct source-to-surface magma assembly through its chemistry, inclusions, and textures.
Do bond attributes affect green bond yield? Evidence from Indian green bonds
Authors: Abhilash  , S. Shenoy Sandeep , K. Shetty Dasharathraj , N. Kamath Aditi
Published: September 2023

Over the years, green finance tools have gained considerable attention with the increased concern to achieve sustainability in the economy. Green bonds are one such new innovative green finance tool embodied with bonds and green attributes. However, research on the Indian green bond is relatively modest. Thus, this study aims to analyze the impact of bond attributes on green bond yield. The study retrieves green bond data from the Bloomberg and Climate Bonds Initiative databases from 2015 to 2022. To test the framed hypotheses, the study employs a panel regression technique with a random effect model. The findings of the study show a significant positive effect of bond ratings (β = 2.80926, p < 0.05) on green bond yield based on the argument that good-rated bonds serve as collateral in the security market. On the contrary, the result also reveals a significant negative effect of bond maturity (β = –0.327296, p < 0.05) and bond label (β = –3.16480, p < 0.05) on green bond yield. The results based on the observation suggest that when the certified bond is issued, this signals the greenness of the bond in the market and attracts high demand, whereas the long maturity ensures the green project construction for a longer period, resulting in a lower bond value. Thus, empirical findings reveal that bond attributes are the major factors in influencing bond yield. The obtained results serve as a prerequisite for potential issuers, investors, and policymakers to further popularize the green bond in the country.
Field demonstration of UV-LED disinfection at small and decentralized water facilities
Authors: Oguma Kumiko
Published: September 2023

Ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (UV-LED) can be a good option for disinfecting water in small and decentralized facilities. A flow-through UV-LED disinfection module was evaluated at three remote locations in Japan. The disinfection efficiency of the module was monitored for over one year, targeting indigenous Escherichia coli, total coliforms, standard plate count, and heterotrophic plate count (HPC) bacteria. The physicochemical parameters of the source water, including UV transmittance (UVT), were also monitored to understand their natural fluctuation and impacts on UV disinfection. Overall, the UV-LED module showed efficient disinfection at all locations, achieving 2.7 log inactivation of E. coli at 30 L/min in a community-based water supply. HPC inactivation did not significantly differ among the three test sites (p > 0.01). One test site experienced a decrease in HPC inactivation after 10 months, whereas the other two sites did not show performance deterioration after one year. HPC inactivation was not correlated with the UVT of source water at any location, implying the difficulty to use UVT as a single parameter to predict disinfection efficiency in practical applications. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of UV-LED technology for water disinfection in small and decentralized water supply systems.
Nanocomposites from spent coffee grounds and iron/zinc oxide: green synthesis, characterization, and application in textile wastewater treatment
Authors: Reyes-Pérez J. A. , Roa-Morales G. , De León-Condes C. A. , Balderas-Hernández P.
Published: September 2023

This study reports on a novel composite of bimetallic FeO/ZnO nanoparticles supported by spent coffee grounds (SCGs). The leaves of eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus Labill) and trumpet (Cuphea aequipetala Cav), with their high antioxidant content, serve as bio-reductant agents for the green synthesis of nanoparticles. It was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Stable nanoparticles were produced with different diameters of 5–30 nm, and they were applied as catalysts in Fenton-like processes. Box–Behnken experimental design (BBD) was used to determine the optimal removal efficiency with three factors and was used in the degradation of textile dyes from wastewater. The nanocomposite displayed a high decolorization ratio (88%) of indigo carmine in the presence of H2O2 combined. This resulted in a reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 56% at 120 min of contact time at an initial pH of 3.0 and a 0.5 g/L of catalyst dose, a H2O2 concentration of 8.8 mM/L, an initial dye concentration of 100 mg/L, and a temperature of 25 °C.
Investigation on large-scale 3D seepage characteristics of a pumped-storage power station: a case study in Zhejiang Province, China
Authors: Li Jiabei , Zhang Sherong , Wang Chao , Jiang Zhiyong , Zheng Jun , Wang Xiaohua , Lu Tong
Published: September 2023

Pumped-storage power stations (PSPSs) have higher requirements for anti-seepage compared with regular power stations. As a result, investigating the seepage distributions of PSPSs is particularly important. However, existing researches remain limited in assessing engineering needs such as ensuring the efficiency of a power station. Taking the Qingyuan PSPS as a typical case, this study aims to investigate the large-scale seepage field distribution while exploring the efficiency of the anti-seepage system. Considering the geological characteristics and structural location, a 3D finite element model is established. Based on the continuous medium model while combined with seepage control measures, the change in leakage while the anti-seepage system failed is further assessed. It is concluded that the operation status of anti-seepage measures will have a certain impact on the leakage volumes of each part. Using a comprehensive assessment, anti-seepage measures can effectively prevent seepage. When failure occurs on anti-seepage curtains, the leakage volume at the corresponding position will show an obvious growth. In summary, the findings of this study highlight the significance of avoiding excessive leakage caused by anti-seepage structure failure, the effective operation of anti-seepage measures must be ensured. The abovementioned results can provide scientific support for the seepage optimization design of PSPSs.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO EPIDEMIOLÓGICA DE ACIDENTES COM ANIMAIS PEÇONHENTOS ENTRE 2012-2021: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Silva Herberth Rick dos Santos , De Castro Thiago Marcírio Gonçalves , Batista Neto José Benedito dos Santos , Vale Joyce Karen Lima , Borba-Pinheiro Cláudio Joaquim
Published: September 2023

Introdução: Acidentes por animais peçonhentos são considerados um problema cosmopolita de saúde pública. Poucos são os estudos de revisão acerca da temática encontrados na literatura. Objetivo: definir os principais aspectos epidemiológicos envolvidos nos acidentes com animais peçonhentos no período 2012-2021. Metodologia: Revisão sistemática, com base no protocolo PRISMA, incluindo artigos publicados entre 2012 e 2021, nos idiomas inglês, espanhol e português, a partir da busca nas bases de dados PUBMED, SCIELO, LILACS e Portal de Periódicos CAPES, utilizando a combinação dos descritores “Venoms” AND “Accidents” AND/OR “Epidemiological”. Resultados: Foram encontrados 729 artigos, dos quais 17 foram selecionados para comporem esta revisão. A maioria dos artigos utilizaram o Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) como fonte de dados, evidenciaram o sexo masculino como o principal acometido, zona rural como principal área de ocorrência e faixa etária de 21-30 anos como a mais prevalente. Acidentes ofídicos demonstraram maior prevalência, seguidos pelos escorpiônicos. Os membros inferiores foram os mais acometidos. Destacou-se tempo de atendimento de uma até 6 hora. Prevaleceram acidentes leves, com bons índices de cura e poucos óbitos quanto comparado com o número total de casos. A soroterapia foi trabalhada em 11 estudos, sendo utilizada principalmente em acidentes com serpentes. Dor e edema foram as principais manifestações locais, alterações vagais foram as principais manifestações sistêmicas e necrose, alterações do sistema circulatório e renal foram as principais complicações apontadas. Conclusões: Os achados possibilitaram melhor visualização e entendimento da problemática, reforçando a importância do desenvolvimento de ações interventivas que venham a melhorar os sistemas de saúde locais, colaborando na identificação de falhas e melhorias no atendimento imediato e preventivo em saúde.
PERFIL DO CONSUMO DOS BENZODIAZEPÍNICOS NOS ANOS DE 2019 E 2020 NO BRASIL E REGIÕES
Authors: Santiago Cláudia O'ara Azevedo , Lucena Elias Soares do Nascimento , Araújo Aurigena Antunes de
Published: September 2023

Introdução: Os benzodiazepínicos estão entre os medicamentos mais prescritos, principalmente em países ocidentais, onde estimativas mostram um consumo anual de 1% a 3% da população. Objetivo: Estudar o perfil do consumo dos benzodiazepinicos entre 2019 e 2020. Metodologia: Foram estudadas a taxa de desocupação (IBGE), consumo dos benzodiazepínicos (SNGPC/ANVISA/Brasil) e quantidade de internações por envenenamento com exposição (acidental ou proposital), auto-intoxicação e efeitos adversos aos anticonvulsivantes, sedativos, hipnóticos, antiparkinsonianos e psicotrópicos (DATASUS). Resultados: Texto dos resultadosA taxa de desocupação aumentou em todo o Brasil em 2020 (13,5%). No Brasil houve um aumento de 9,81% no consumo de clonazepam industrializado em 2020, a maior alta foi na região  Nordeste (22,52%). Em 2020 foram consumidos 38.743.825 capsulas de benzodiazepínicos manipulados, enquanto em 2019 foram 35.874.947 capsulas. Em 2019 foram 2.554 internações no território brasileiro e 1.814 em 2020, a principal causa foi auto-intoxicação por exposição intencional aos medicamentos, 61,2% em 2019 e 56,1% em 2020. Conclusões: Ocorreu um aumento no consumo de benzodiazepinicos industrial no ano de 2020 sendo a auto-intoxicação intencional por uso de medicamentos a principal causa de internação. Há necessidade de um controle do consumo e vigilância aos psicotrópicos visto que estes fármacos estão dentre aqueles com risco de internações devido a exposição acidental ou não, auto-intoxicação ou efeitos adversos.
A BUSCA POR UM FAZER COSTURADO DE POSSIBILIDADES E DESAFIOS: A ATUAÇÃO DO SANITARISTA NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE DO CAMPO
Authors: Laurindo Alexsandro de Melo , Brito Mateus dos Santos , Freitas Priscylla Alves Nascimento de , Lago Thaiara Dornelles , Sousa Fabiana de Oliveira da Silva , Lages Itamar
Published: September 2023

Introdução: As práticas de trabalho em saúde têm historicamente passado por transformações principalmente a partir dos processos de formação dos profissionais da saúde. O profissional sanitarista, ou bacharel em saúde coletiva vem somando esforços e ocupando espaços de trabalho multiprofissionais fortalecendo a perspectiva transversal do cuidado em saúde em diversos campos de atuação. Objetivo: Este estudo objetiva relatar a experiência de construção do processo de trabalho de um bacharel em Saúde Coletiva na Atenção Primária à Saúde do Campo em meio a pandemia de Covid-19. Metodologia:  O período de abrangência foi de 2020 a 2022, ocorrendo no município de Caruaru/PE. A atuação do bacharel em Saúde Coletiva se deu na perspectiva do Núcleo de Apoio á saúde da familia e atenção básica (NASF-Ab), atuando junto a duas equipes de saúde da família de territórios rurais. Resultados: O processo de trabalho se desenvolveu em três principais frentes, sendo elas: 1) Atenção à saúde com base territorial; 2) Articulação com redes intra e intersetoriais; 3) Reorganização do trabalho multiprofissional na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Conclusões: Sendo assim, é possível constatar que o processo de trabalho do bacharel em Saúde Coletiva está em constante movimento, delimitando as suas possibilidades de atuação, bem como os seus limites quanto a um fazer ainda desconhecido em realidades como a APS. O avanço da discussão ocorre em paralelo a formação e inserção destes profissionais nos mais diversos contextos a exemplo da saúde do campo. Nota-se a necessidade de desenvolver novos estudos e experiências formativas de bachareis e saúde coletiva conectados aos territórios do campo, apostando na capilarização e ampliação da presença deste profissional nas realidades singulares do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS).
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA ASSOCIAÇÃO BRASILEIRA DE SAÚDE COLETIVA NO ENFRENTAMENTO À COVID-19 NO BRASIL: ANÁLISE DOCUMENTAL
Authors: Nascimento Jefferson Alexandre do , Costa Thais Paulo Teixeira , Nunes Vilani Medeiros de Araújo , Lima Rafael Rodolfo Tomaz de
Published: September 2023

Introdução: A Associação Brasileira de Saúde Coletiva atua visando o fomento do campo científico e acadêmico da saúde coletiva, bem como na disseminação de informações, recomendações e posicionamentos para a sociedade e gestores públicos sobre a formulação de políticas públicas efetivas no contexto da saúde pública no país. Objetivo: Analisar as contribuições da Associação Brasileira de Saúde Coletiva no enfrentamento da Covid-19 no Brasil. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma análise documental, de natureza descritiva e com abordagem qualitativa, realizada no período de julho a setembro de 2022. As publicações foram retiradas do site da Associação Brasileira de Saúde Coletiva e analisadas com o auxílio do referencial teórico-metodológico da Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: Dentre as 664 publicações no período estudado, 41 foram incluídas por se tratarem de posicionamentos emitidos ou apoiados para o enfrentamento à Covid-19. Conforme as congruências temáticas, os posicionamentos foram organizados em três categorias: Prevenção à Covid-19, Atenção aos Grupos Prioritários e Dados e Inovação em Saúde. Conclusões: Diante da presente análise documental observou-se que os posicionamentos emitidos pela Associação Brasileira de Saúde Coletiva detêm um caráter técnico, pautados sob o olhar de especialistas de diversas áreas e embasados nos posicionamentos de outras instituições brasileiras e internacionais, reforçando seu papel articulador e político, destacando-se com relevância nas publicações em meio aos cenários considerados críticos diante da Covid-19.
COVID-19 E O USO DE TECNOLOGIAS INFORMACIONAIS E DE COMUNICAÇÃO POR PESSOAS IDOSAS: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Soares de Araujo Filho Angelo Maximo , Azevedo Constantino Rita de Cássia , Silva do Nascimento Maria Eduarda , Assunção de Souza Maria Suênia , De Vasconcelos Torres Gilson , Medeiros de Araujo Nunes Vilani , Mendonça Ana Elza Oliveira de
Published: September 2023

Introdução: A crise sanitária ocasionada pela COVID-19 fomentou o desenvolvimento e uso das plataformas digitais e, consequentemente, a população idosa precisou se adaptar ao uso desses recursos. Objetivo: investigar o uso das tecnologias digitais pela população idosa durante o contexto da pandemia da COVID-19. Método: revisão integrativa realizada entre os meses de janeiro a março de 2022, de artigos publicados na íntegra em português e inglês, disponíveis na Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), National Library of Medicine (NLM-PubMed) e PubMed. Foram utilizados os descritores “aged/elderly” AND “covid-19/sars-cov-2/coronavírus” AND “information and communication technology”, sendo selecionados e analisados nove estudos. Resultados: a população idosa utilizou diversos recursos tecnológicos durante a pandemia, com intuito de auxiliar o processo de comunicação, proporcionar distração e lazer, e obter auxílio e atendimento de saúde. Conclusão: durante o isolamento social, o uso de tecnologias pela população idosa possibilitou interação social e acesso aos mais diversos recursos para busca de informações, além de amenizar a solidão e reduzir a exposição ao risco de infecção pelo vírus SARS-CoV-2.
AVALIAÇÃO DE CONDIÇÃO DE SAÚDE BUCAL DE IDOSOS INSTITUCIONALIZADOS: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Garcia Guimaraes Hanna Rabech , Uchôa Braga Maria Rita , Pinheiro Cavalcanti Lima Isabela
Published: September 2023

Introdução: Com o aumento da expectativa de vida, é esperado que a população idosa se faça presente cada dia mais na sociedade. Por esse motivo, é importante reconhecer as necessidades de saúde desse grupo de pessoas que vivem institucionalizadas, para que a odontogeriatria atue de forma mais ativa e proceda de maneira mais efetiva, atendendo as demandas priorizando uma maior qualidade de vida. Objetivo: Identificar as principais alterações que acometem a cavidade oral de idosos institucionalizados. Metodologia: Fez-se uma revisão integrativa nas bases de dados LILACS, BBO, IBECS, SciELOe PubMed. Foram usados os descritores “Saúde do Idoso Institucionalizado”, “idoso” e “odontologia” junto de seus sinônimos e variações em inglês, retirados do DeCS e MeSH. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos originais, artigos nas línguas portuguesa, inglesa e espanhola, estudos que envolveram pessoas e sem restrição quanto ao ano de publicação. Foram excluídos estudos feitos em animais, revisões de literatura, capítulos de livros, teses e dissertações. Resultados: Foram identificados 555 registros. Desses, 15 artigos foram selecionados para compor a revisão. Diversas alterações orais foram encontradas. As principais foram hiperplasia tecidual, estomatite e xerostomia, candidíase e halitose. Sendo os principais fatores causadores: má higiene oral, medicamentos utilizados e má adaptação de próteses dentárias. Conclusões: Considerando os resultados da análise dessa revisão sistemática, pode-se concluir que a hiperplasia tecidual, estomatite, xerostomia são as alterações mais predominantes nos idosos institucionalizados.
Women's health access in the context of forced migration in Portugal: vulnerabilities and adaptation
Authors: Sampaio Catarina , Ramos Natália
Published: September 2023

Introduction: This article presents the findings, related with the vulnerabilities regarding access to health services felt by refugee women, of a research project conducted in Portugal between 2020 and 2022 as part of the Masters in Intercultural Relations program at Universidade Aberta. Objective: The overall goal was to gain a better understanding of the psychosocial reality of women who arrived in Portugal as a result of forced migration, focusing on the main difficulties of the migratory and adaptation journey - highlighting vulnerabilities related to health and access to health services at the present article - and the protective factors that facilitated their processes of resilience, adaptation, and social integration. Methodology: To that end, the protagonists' meanings for their experiences were revealed through nine semi-structured and in-depth interviews with women from Iraq, Syria, and Libya. Results: The investigation uncovered a number of vulnerabilities caused by migratory experience and gender belonging, which justified the intersectional analysis. The findings reveal a number of challenges in the host country, This article is going to focus on the findings concerning health, specifically, the reported vulnerabilities and difficulties related with the access to health care services. Conclusions: The current investigation led to the conclusion that there are serious flaws in Portugal in terms of ensuring full access to health care for forced migrant women, highlighting as major obstacles: a lack of information in a language other than portuguese, a lack of command of the portuguese language, a lack of knowledge about how health institutions work, and a lack of sensitivity and intercultural skills in care.
TRENDS IN OCCURRENCES OF ACCIDENTS BY VENOMOUS ANIMALS IN BRAZIL: ANALYSIS OF NOTIFICATIONS FROM 2007 TO 2021.
Authors: Silva Santos Guidyan Anne , De Macedo Couto Rodrigo , Crispim Boing Alexandra , Boing Antonio Fernando
Published: September 2023

Accidents by venomous animals (AVAs) is a public health problem that presents a high number of annual cases in Brazil. The objective of this study was to describe and analyze the occurrences of AVA in Brazil and their trends between 2007 and 2021. The study used SINAN and SIM data. The study population was analyzed according to sex, age group, and region of residence. Trend analysis of the historical series was performed by generalized linear regression using Prais-Winsten estimation. The standardized occurrence rates doubled during the studied period (53.8/100,000 inhab. in 2007 to 111.2//100,000 inhab. in 2021). The Northeast region had the highest standardized occurrence rate (105.5/100,000 inhab.). The Northeast, Southeast, and Midwest regions had a higher crude rate of accidents caused by scorpions (75.8, 48.7 and 32.8 accidents/100,000 inhab., respectively), while the North region by snakes (54.2 accidents/100,000 inhab.), and the South region by spiders (60.3 accidents/100,000 inhab.). Death rate observed in the period from 2007 to 2020 was 1.3 deaths/1 million inhab. Among the deaths registered, 39.6% were from snakebite. Trends in Brazil were ascendant for both sexes and for all age groups. Only the North and South regions showed some categories with stationary trends. The analysis of epidemiological data makes it possible the identification of target populations and elaborations of public policies in order to prevent new accidents, as well as the improvement of care for affected people by planning the distribution of antivenom serums.
CONSTRUÇÃO DO MAPA DE GRÁVIDAS COMO FERRAMENTA DE CONTROLE NO ENFRENTAMENTO DA COVID-19 EM BELÉM-PA: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA.
Authors: Santos Pamela Farias , Mendes Iza Belle Rodrigues , Cardoso Aline Mendes , Gomes Cleiton da Costa , Góes Ana Cristina Costa , Silva Carolina  de Souza , Carvalho Dione Seabra de
Published: September 2023

Introdução: No início de 2020 a organização mundial da saúde (OMS) declarou o período pandêmico pelo novo coronavírus, SARS-COV-2, agente etiológico da Covid-19, o qual tem se propagado pelo mundo. Diante disso, faz-se necessário refletir sobre as complicações durante a gestação e a importância do cuidado das enfermeiras a fim de superar esses desafios que perpassam esse contexto. Objetivo: Possibilitar o controle das gestantes através da tecnologia educacional do tipo mapa de grávidas. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência com abordagem qualitativa. Resultados: A ideia inicial identificava as grávidas de acordo como o sexo do bebê, sendo que a produção dessas grávidas se dava através da utilização da folha do E.V.A. Logo, a gravida da cor verde indicava que o profissional não tinha conhecimento do sexo do bebê, a rosa identificava o sexo feminino e a azul o sexo masculino, porém ao longo das oficinas, este método de identificação foi modificado. Conclusões: A experiência de vivenciar este projeto observando o empenho dos profissionais em construir seu mapa e levar isso para sua unidade foi bastante satisfatória, uma vez que permite que os profissionais e discentes fortaleçam a autonomia do cuidar e consequentemente a prática laboral.
Palavras-Chave:  Pandemia; Covid-19; Educação em saúde; Enfermagem; Odontólogos.
Thyroid Autoimmune Disease among Emirati Patients: A Retrospective
Analysis of the Patients’ Characteristics
Authors: Howeedy Aly , Zreik Raya , Gharaibeh Suzan
Published: September 2023

Background:

Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is a serious and treatable disease that could be associated with other autoimmune disorders. It is a common cause of hypothyroidism in adult females. The diagnosis is established by detecting serum antithyroid antibodies. The disease slowly progresses, and the treatment includes thyroid hormone replacement in cases of hypothyroidism.

Objective:

The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical presentation, laboratory findings, and comorbidity factors involved in autoimmune thyroid disease among Emirati citizens in the UAE.

Methods:

Medical records from Advanced Cure Diagnostic Centers were reviewed in a retrospective study over the period of four years from 2018 to 2022. The patients population included those who attended the Endocrinology Unit and others seen by the rest of the medical staff. Patients were considered to have AITD if they tested positive for thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb), thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb), or both. The data collected was evaluated using descriptive analysis to provide a basic summary of the patients sample and dataset. Unpaired t-test was used to compare the mean value of elevated autoantibodies in males and females.

Results:

Of the 366 Emirati nationals who were tested for autoimmune thyroiditis, 220 (60%) had an abnormal result for TPOAb and/or TgAb. Among the 220 patients who had an abnormal result for TPOAb and/or TgAb, 188 (85.5%) were females, and 100 patients (45.5%) were in the age group between 31 and 40 years. 42% were in a euthyroid state and 42% presented with hypothyroidism. Only 7% presented with hyperthyroidism, 5% with subclinical hypothyroidism, and 2% with subclinical hyperthyroidism. An analysis of the comorbidity factors revealed that 142 (65%) patients with obesity, 82 (37%) with a family history of thyroid disease, 77 (35%) with hyperlipidemia, 14 (6%) with hypertension, and 11 (5%) with diabetes.

Conclusion:

This is the first publication intended to address AITD in Emirati citizens. Our findings concur with the international data regarding the prevalence among middle-aged females. Eighty-four percent of the positive patients either presented with no abnormality of their thyroid gland function or with hypothyroidism. With the alarming increase of obesity in the UAE, we found it to be the single most important and preventable comorbidity factor present in 65% of the studied population. This is followed by a family history of first-degree relatives with thyroid disease in 37% of the participants, due to the high rate of consanguineous marriages in the UAE.
Role of Th17 and IL-17 Cytokines on Inflammatory and Auto-immune Diseases
Authors: Akhter Saima , Tasnim Farhin Muntaha , Islam Mohammad Nazmul , Rauf Abdur , Mitra Saikat , Emran Talha Bin , Alhumaydhi Fahad A. , Ahmed Khalil Anees , Aljohani Abdullah S.M. , Al Abdulmonem Waleed , Thiruvengadam Muthu
Published: September 2023

Background:

The IL-17 (interleukin 17) family consists of six structurally related pro-inflammatory
cytokines, namely IL-17A to IL-17F. These cytokines have garnered significant scientific interest due to their
pivotal role in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Notably, a specific subset of T-cells expresses IL-17 family
members, highlighting their importance in immune responses against microbial infections.

Introduction:

IL-17 cytokines play a critical role in host defense mechanisms by inducing cytokines and chemokines,
recruiting neutrophils, modifying T-cell differentiation, and stimulating the production of antimicrobial
proteins. Maintaining an appropriate balance of IL-17 is vital for overall health. However, dysregulated production
of IL-17A and other members can lead to the pathogenesis of numerous inflammatory and autoimmune
diseases.

Methods:

This review provides a comprehensive overview of the IL-17 family and its involvement in several
inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Relevant literature and research studies were analyzed to compile the
data presented in this review.

Results:

IL-17 cytokines, particularly IL-17A, have been implicated in the development of various inflammatory
and autoimmune disorders, including multiple sclerosis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, systemic lupus erythematosus,
pyoderma gangrenosum, autoimmune hepatic disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis,
ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis, and graft-versus-host disease. Understanding the role of IL-17 in these
diseases is crucial for developing targeted therapeutic strategies.

Conclusion:

The significant involvement of IL-17 cytokines in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases underscores
their potential as therapeutic targets. Current treatments utilizing antibodies against IL-17 cytokines and
IL-17RA receptors have shown promise in managing these conditions. This review consolidates the understanding
of IL-17 family members and their roles, providing valuable insights for the development of novel immunomodulators
to effectively treat inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
Oxidative Stress is a New Avenue for Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Hype of Hope?
Authors: Negah Sajad Sahab , Forouzanfar Fatemeh
Published: September 2023

:

The biochemical integrity of the brain is critical in maintaining normal central
nervous system (CNS) functions. One of the factors that plays an important role in
causing biochemical impairment of the brain is known as oxidative stress. Oxidative
stress is generally defined as the excessive formation of free radicals relative to
antioxidant defenses. The brain is particularly susceptible to oxidative stress because of
its high oxygen consumption and lipid-rich content. Therefore, oxidative stress damage
is associated with abnormal CNS function. Psychiatric disorders are debilitating
diseases. The underlying pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders is poorly defined and
may involve the interplay of numerous clinical factors and mechanistic mechanisms.
Considerable evidence suggests that oxidative stress plays a complex role in several
neuropsychiatric disorders, including anxiety, bipolar disorder, depression, obsessivecompulsive
disorder, panic disorder, and schizophrenia. To address these issues, we
reviewed the literature and considered the role of oxidative stress as one of the first
pathological changes in the course of neuropsychiatric disorders, which should receive
more attention in future research.