bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Danxia Burns a Buddha
Authors: Levine Gregory P. A.
Published: May 2018

Chapter 3 focuses on a medieval painting in the Zen art canon—Yintuoluo’s painting of Danxia Tianran (738/39-824), a Chinese monk said to have burned a wood statue of the Buddha—and situates it within its modern surround, particularly in relation to Zen iconoclasm, a prominent trope in postwar Zen cultural production including Jack Kerouac’s The Dharma Bums and other countercultural works. The chapter suggests how premodern representations of the Danxia tale circulated in the modern world through art collecting, photographic reproduction, translations of hagiography into modern Japanese and English for lay and non-practicing readers, and “reverse orientalist” critique of Western views of Buddhism. It notes too the tale’s representation by modern artists in Japan, including Yamamoto Shunkyo and Okamoto Ippei. Whatever the representation of Danxia burning the Buddha meant in preceding centuries, in the early twentieth century, it responded to new prospects, ambitions, and conflicts, as much geo-political as personal.
Zen-Boom “Culture Wars”
Authors: Levine Gregory P. A.
Published: May 2018

Chapter Five traces a postwar history of Zen as it emerged as a compelling and useful matrix for a Cold War era spiritual, social, political, and artistic conditions. Our present-day “Zenny Zeitgeist,” as I call it, developed in large measure from this period. But careful examination of the postwar Zen boom—in its varied manifestations, including serious Zen teaching and practice, Beat Zen and various countercultural Zen creative movements—reveals that Zen was by no means singular (if it ever was), solely related to religion, strictly serious, and exclusive to Japan or East Asia. Moreover, Zen and Zen inspired art became the focus of debate and even venomous attack. Public intellectuals and Zen teachers including D. T. Suzuki, Hu Shih, Philip Kapleau, Arthur Koestler, and Ruth Fuller Sasaki wrestled with each others representations of Zen and sought to resolve questions of authenticity and value, history and practice.
Discretionary Attachments
Authors: Keeler Ward
Published: May 2018

Focusing specifically on the tenor of the social relations to be observed among monks and novices in the monastery described in Chapter Two, this chapter describes the fairly attenuated degree of attachment that characterizes relations among the monastery’s residents: among themselves and with their lay supporters. Buddhist injunctions to minimize one’s attachments in this world complement a gender ideology that idealizes masculine autonomy. As a result, fluid, polite, but low-intensity relationships are the rule among the monastery’s residents, particularly as they grow older.
Hierarchical Habits
Authors: Keeler Ward
Published: May 2018

In the absence of kinship-based corporate groups, Burmese society enjoins everyone to demonstrate their awareness of their relative status in any encounter by means of linguistic and bodily signs of deference or assertiveness. The Southeast Asia-wide emotion of “shame” arises when someone fails to act appropriately in light of their status relative to others in a given encounter. Because so much rides on the performance of status-awareness in interaction, face-to-face encounter comes to be seen as a site of great risk. At the same time, efforts to improve impressions of one’s standing motivate a great deal of people’s activity, as illustrated in the Burmese educational system’s competition-based practices.
Gaining Access to Power
Authors: Keeler Ward
Published: May 2018

Because social relations imply an individual’s vulnerability, ways must be found to protect oneself. Two possibilities present themselves: amassing power in oneself in order to make oneself resistant to outside attack; or subordinating oneself to concentrations of power (whether human or otherwise) from whom one will gain protection. This chapter enumerates some of the measures taken to foster invulnerability, including the use of amulets, daily Pali recitation, tattoos, and organized readings of particularly powerful Pali texts. It also describes the relations some people enter into with spirits (nat) and Buddhist saints (wei’za), entities whose power is believed to be available to supplicants who demonstrate their fealty to them, but who arouse considerable ambivalence among other, orthodox and reformist Burmese Buddhists.
Masculinity
Authors: Keeler Ward
Published: May 2018

Connell’s famous account of “hegemonic” masculinity requires some qualification in light of the fact that in Burma a man wins respect by fulfilling either of two roles: as a male householder or as a Buddhist monk. More telling in Burma gender ideology than masculine vs. feminine is the less intuitively obvious but crucial distinction between autonomy and attachment. Masculine prestige stems from displays of autonomy. Because sexual relations imply at least some compromise of autonomy, in the need for a female partner, the monk’s sexual continence means that he enacts autonomy more thoroughly than male householders, justifying his greater prestige and explaining the prominence his asexuality holds in all accounts of his role’s obligations.
Introduction
Authors: Peleggi Maurizio
Published: May 2018

The Intro grounds the book’s subject matter conceptually with a discussion of cultural memory.
Kings and Antiquarians
Authors: Peleggi Maurizio
Published: May 2018

Chapter 4 traces the informal antiquarian pursuits of the royal elite during the latter half of the nineteenth century as well as the initial reconnaissance of Thailand’s historic topography by colonial scholars-officials and the establishment of state agencies (Archaeological Service and Fine Arts Department) concerned with the study and conservation of cultural artifacts.
Whose Prehistory? Thailand before the Thais
Authors: Peleggi Maurizio
Published: May 2018

Chapter 6 discusses the uncertain place in Thai cultural memory of prehistory, knowledge of which achieved definition as a result of archaeological investigations by joint Thai and American missions in the 1960s and early 1970s. The discovery of Neolithic and Bronze Age sites in northeast Thailand—most famously Ban Chiang—that led American archaeologists to reject French colonial scholars’ theory of cultural diffusionism was linked closely to the Cold-War political and strategic alliance with the United States. As a byproduct of this alliance, a great amount of artifacts from Ban Chiang were transferred to The University Museum, Philadelphia. After the end of the Cold War, Ban Chiang received the validation of UNESCO World Heritage, but the place it occupies in Thai cultural memory remains marginal.
Kawaiaha‘o Seminary
Authors: Bonura Sandra E.
Published: May 2018

This chapter offers the storied history of Kawaiahaʻo Seminary and its unique partnership between the missionary community and the Hawaiian monarchical government.
Miss Pope in Charge
Authors: Bonura Sandra E.
Published: May 2018

This chapter shows how Pope switched the outdated missionary curriculum to a progressive model to ensure meaningful employment for the girls’ future. She also instates teacher training for advanced pupils. Pope deals with several unqualified and unfit teachers. The queen, while ruling her kingdom, moves into an administrative type of role in the school to support both an elevated education and mitigate behavioral issues amongst the pupils. The queen’s frequent attendance at the school is astonishing. Feeling that the school never had a better leader, Charles Bishop, with the queen’s endorsement, offers Pope the esteemed position of founding principal for the soon-to-be-built new school for native Hawaiian girls, Kamehameha School for Girls.
Off to Moloka‘i with the Queen, 1892
Authors: Bonura Sandra E.
Published: May 2018

In 1865, the Hawai‘i legislature passed the Act to Prevent the Spread of Leprosy that made isolation enforceable by law. Hundreds of acres on Moloka‘i were secured for segregation. Queen Liliuokalani, in one of her first royal acts, despite numerous criticisms and concerns over risking her personal health, went to Moloka‘i to see her afflicted subjects. Pope was invited by the queen to accompany her so that quarantined school pupils could be consoled. A lengthy letter written by Pope includes first-hand impressions of the victims, Father Damian and Marianne Cope, offering an intimate view of this historical occasion.
Outside the School Gates
Authors: Bonura Sandra E.
Published: May 2018

In addition to her educational duties, she moved into roles that maximized the natural born leader she was. This chapter covers Pope’s conception and creation of a social settlement in the downtrodden Palama neighborhood of Honolulu. Pope collaborated with Chicago social worker Jane Addams and clearly saw how the settlement model could be replicated as a solution to the dire health conditions of Palama. A mission-centered community complex named Palama Chapel was created under the auspices of Central Union Church. Pope worked tirelessly to organize a library, Bible studies, medical care, childcare, kindergarten and social clubs for the community. The social center became a “laboratory” for her pupils to learn both teaching and nursing skills. In 1906, Palama Settlement became a chartered, independent, nonsectarian organization.
A Dream Realized
Authors: Bonura Sandra E.
Published: May 2018

Pope circumvented Charles Bishop and successfully founded three boarding houses in the community for her working, unmarried graduates who had no homes to return to. Hundreds of young women eventually moved into the home, where they could work in the day and then return to the familiar atmosphere they had known for their entire childhood, only now living independently. In 1912, the Ka‘iulani Home for Girls was chartered and funded by the Ka‘iulani Trust with money by Charles Bishop’s purse, who saw the success of Pope’s ventures and desired to keep it perpetually running.
The Changing Hawaiian Islands
Authors: Bonura Sandra E.
Published: May 2018

Ida Pope’s first-hand account of the years that brought her pupils into womanhood during the loss of their kingdom tells an important story about the Hawaiians and a rapidly changing world. Pope fought vigorously for her pupils and alumnae as she saw them struggling under the weight of conflicting expectations imposed on them by the swiftly changing economy. To that end, she worked relentlessly to provide opportunities that would help her young women advance in their society. Pope devised a unique plan, establishing three different options for her graduates; the Honor and Trust Fund, the Kamehameha Alumnae Loan Fund and Relief Fund. Her alumnae could now cover their teacher and/or nursing training in higher education and pay back the money once they were working. History reveals the success of these funds. To keep close tabs on her graduates, Pope developed an alumnae association and constitutionally aligned it with the progressive General Federation of Women’s Clubs (GFWC). Founded in 1890, the nonpartisan, nondenominational organization was dedicated to empowering women. In Pope’s forty-eighth year of life, one of her alumna gave her a child to raise. Gladys was given in the hānai tradition to Ida May Pope at age four. Gladys Brandt grew up to be a fierce defender of Hawaiian traditions, and the Historic Hawai‘i Foundation recognized her as a “living treasure.”
Colonial Foundations of Korean Cultural Policy
Authors: Maliangkay Roald
Published: May 2018

Legislation related to the protection of cultural properties in Korea has its roots in the period of Japanese colonial rule. The development of Korea’s heritage management policies reflects a growing recognition of cultural property as representing historical and cultural value beyond mere private possession, and a revalorizing of folk culture in particular. The various measures and procedures that apply to Korean intangible cultural properties today suggest that in the official recognition of traditions and their representatives, hierarchy is more important than skill.
Masculinity in Demise
Authors: Maliangkay Roald
Published: May 2018

The history of the folksong genres Sŏnsori sant’aryŏng and Kyŏnggi minyo reveals that the two genres have changed dramatically in terms of their gender representation over the years. The life stories of the first holders of the two genres testify to the significant impact of colonialism and the Korean War on their work. They also highlight the importance of personal networks and the media for the careers of performers and the preservation of their art. Detailed analysis of the music, repertoire, and presentation of the traditions demonstrates that various changes were effected before and after they were appointed Important Intangible Cultural Properties.
Embodying Nostalgia
Authors: Maliangkay Roald
Published: May 2018

This chapter examines the genre of Sŏdo sori, including the tradition of Paebaengi kut, a partly-sung, partly-narrated performing art that was categorized as the former. It examines the development of the repertoire of the genre and analyses its musical characteristics. The life stories of the first holders of the genre detail the impact of the Japanese colonial period and the media on opportunities for employment and conditions of performance. Detailed analysis of the music, repertoire, and presentation of the tradition demonstrates that various changes were effected before and after it was appointed Important Intangible Cultural Property.
Conclusion
Authors: Maliangkay Roald
Published: May 2018

Folksong traditions have come to be promoted as the valuable property of the Korean people as a whole, including the growing number of Koreans born overseas. While the direct recollection of the colonial experience is waning, the changes it has effected in the three genres—the substitution of “authenticity” with popular, iconic appeal—may be permanent. Rather than being threatened by the loss of authenticity, however, folksongs retain their appeal, albeit for arguably less practical and more political reasons, such as tourism, nostalgia, and community pride.
From “Motherhood in the Interest of the State” to Motherhood in the Interest of Mothers
Authors: Maxson Hillary
Published: May 2018

In the aftermath of World War II, many Japanese women felt impelled to exorcise “martial motherhood,” a stoic, tearless, child-sacrificing gender ideal constructed by the state throughout the early twentieth century. At the Mothers’ Congress of 1955, mothers from across the country gathered to reclaim motherhood from the state and began to redefine motherhood for themselves in the postwar era. This chapter argues that the Mothers’ Congress represented a moment of transition from the wartime concept of “motherhood in the interest of the state” to the postwar idea of motherhood in the interest of mothers. Furthermore, the influential power of the organizers of Japan’s Mothers’ Congress was fundamental in the creation of the 1955 World Congress of Mothers. This was the first instance in which Japanese women became international feminist leaders, and they did so through the language of matricentric feminism.
Coeducation in the Age of “Good Wife, Wise Mother”
Authors: Bullock Julia C.
Published: May 2018

Although postwar conservatives argued that coeducation was “forced” on Japanese people as part of Occupation-era reforms, in fact a number of progressive Japanese educators began advocating for coeducation in the early twentieth century. This chapter analyzes the work of one such prominent educator, Koizumi Ikuko (1892–1964), whose seminal book Danjo kyōgakuron (On coeducation, 1931) forwarded a compelling argument for coeducation at a time when the Japanese government sought to reinforce gender differences through sex-segregated education. Koizumi’s advocacy of coeducation was underwritten by a presumption of equality between the sexes that was radical for its time, and remarkable for its anticipation of Occupation-era debates on gender and education that transformed the postwar discursive landscape. Understanding Koizumi’s theories about sexual equality thus helps us to re-think histories of Japanese women during the 1930s that characterize them as compliant with the contemporary “good wife and wise mother” ideology of women’s roles.
Feminist Acts of Reading
Authors: Hartley Barbara
Published: May 2018

In recent decades, revisionist feminist scholarship has successfully retrieved the subjugated voices of women in Japan and elsewhere. Some women, however, remain largely outside the sphere of feminist research interest. This chapter examines the writing of two women, Sono Ayako (1931– ) and Ariyoshi Sawako (1931–1984), who for very different reasons have been largely excluded from revisionist feminist scholarship. The chapter argues that the narratives of both women can provide valuable insights into the lived experiences of women in postwar Japan. A case is made, notwithstanding Sono’s notorious ultra-nationalist stance on a range of social issues, for a feminist reading of selected works by this writer. Insights are provided into the manner in which even feminist scholars can inadvertently replicate the hegemonic attitudes of the male critics who failed to recognize the value of Ariyoshi Sawako’s work. From the size of her corpus alone, the latter writer deserves serious feminist attention.
Yamakawa Kikue and Edward Carpenter
Authors: Frederick Sarah
Published: May 2018

This chapter focuses on the translation of Edward Carpenter (1844–1929) by Yamakawa Kikue (1890–1980) in the early 1910s and the influence on Japanese feminism of the writings of this thinker. While some writings on sexuality in Japan have lumped Carpenter with sexologists who were seen to have brought restrictions upon a premodern flexibility about same-sex relations, we see instead a modernist and international queer discourse to which many connected themselves and through which ideas about sexuality and social ethics were linked and developed. The chapter focuses especially on personal affiliations and translation, as understood through Carpenter’s correspondence with Japanese thinkers and Yamakawa’s personal observations in the feminist community of the Taishō era (1912–1926). Through analysis of rhetorical style and translation choices, this chapter explores the international and interpersonal dynamics of 1920s Japanese feminisms.
Takemura Kazuko
Authors: Vincent J. Keith
Published: May 2018

Takemura Kazuko (1954–2011) was a key figure in feminist studies and queer theory between Japan and the U.S. In her late essay, “The Renaissance of a Discipline,” she asks fundamental questions about what it means to do queer or feminist work with a focus on a culture other than one’s own. Herself a Japanese Americanist in a field born from Japan’s “homosocial” desire to emulate and come closer to the British Empire, Takemura looks to Natsume Sōseki (1867–1916), the ambivalent founding father of her field, as a model for a new kind of comparative literature described by Gayatri Spivak (1942– ) in her book, Death of a Discipline. By drawing connections between Sōseki and F. O. Mathiessen (1902–1950), the closeted gay man who founded American Studies with his 1941 book American Renaissance, the essay examines the foundations of both American and Japanese Studies, and imagines their queer rebirth.
Imperial Intoxication
Authors: Sasges Gerard
Published: May 2018

Beginning in 1897 the French state monopolized the production and sale of rice liquor in Indochina. The result was one of the colonial era’s defining institutions, with French-owned factories churning out tasteless ethanol and the state’s largest civilian branch, the Department of Customs and Monopolies, using draconian means to encourage consumption and stamp out illegal competition. The monopoly not only failed to generate appreciable net revenue for the state, but also it placed millions of Indochinese in a stance of resistance to its rule as they continued to make and drink liquor as they had for generations. The monopoly was the product of advances in microbiology, the consolidation of the distilling industry, and the growth of the fiscal state worldwide. Yet it was also shaped by Indochina’s unique geographies, histories, and personalities. By exploring alcohol’s central role in the making of colonial Indochina, Imperial Intoxication illuminates the contradictory mix of modern and archaic, power and impotence, civil bureaucracy and military occupation that characterized colonial rule. It highlights the role Indochinese played in shaping the monopoly, whether as illegal distillers or the agents sent to arrest them. And it links long-ago stories of rebellion to global processes that continue to play out today.
A Scientific Monopoly
Authors: Sasges Gerard
Published: May 2018

Today, Albert Calmette is remembered as a pioneer of modern medicine for his work on the BCG tuberculosis vaccine, still in use today. Yet in 1891 he was an inexperienced naval doctor, recently arrived in Saigon and tasked with creating Indochina’s new bacteriological institute. While in Indochina, Calmette would carry out research crucial for the industrialization of rice alcohol production, and after his return to France he would work closely with the industrialist A.R. Fontaine to turn their vision of an alcohol monopoly into a reality. Yet while Calmette’s research promised increased yields at lower cost, the alcohol that resulted bore little resemblance to traditional liquor. Selling the factory liquor would thus require heavy-handed state intervention to encourage consumption. Calmette’s story sheds light on the political economy of innovation and highlights the place of colonialism in the history of science and technology.
Evolutions
Authors: Sasges Gerard
Published: May 2018

The remains of the Indochina’s alcohol regime dot the landscape of today’s Indochina today. From the Revolutionary Museum in Hanoi, housed in the former headquarters of the reviled Department of Customs and Monopolies, to the French embassy that occupies the SFDIC’s former headquarters, to the Khmer Distilleries Company producing “Super Whisky” at US$1.00 per bottle, legacies of the long-ago monopoly endure. Yet while colonial rule has long since ended and the SFDIC is a footnote to French economic history, the same convergence of science, state, and industry that drove the creation of the monopoly a century ago continues to operate in the present day.
Predicaments of Proximity
Authors: Musharbash Yasmine
Published: May 2018

Relatedness has been a fundamental notion in recent studies of Aboriginal personhood. My research asks how people who ‘form a mob' decide with whom to do this and for how long. The concept of relatedness—while useful—distracts the ethnographic gaze away from those relations not captured by relatedness—away from considering non-realisations, and different ways of relating to others (e.g., Aboriginal ways of relating to non-Indigenous people). Three case studies illustrate that we need clearer understanding of relatedness and its non-realization. The first two are concerned with non-relating between kin and the ensuing emotional burden carried by all involved. The last case study, about relations between Aboriginal camps and non-Indigenous neighbours, offers a glimpse into non-relating without toxicity, and shows why this template does not work in the intra-Aboriginal domain.
Self-possessed
Authors: Eickelkamp Ute
Published: May 2018

Based on fieldwork with Anangu (Western Desert) children, I examine the psychological meaning of autonomy and its structural counterpart, relatedness, from a developmental perspective and in the context of settlement life today. Drawing on psychoanalysis, I show how autonomy evolves out of recognition and the mastery of social and emotional technique. These afford a sense of belonging and as such function as a form of self-containment. Crucially, as an experiential reality, autonomy relies on the social and emotional mechanism of mirroring from the early stages of life, because parts of the self (“part-objects” or “subselves”) are acknowledged to be located in others, including in the cultural and humanized natural environment. This means that, in order to achieve cohesion, the developing self needs to be appropriated by others who internalize these part-objects and share in the child’s identity—the child becomes self-possessed. Consideration is given throughout to culturally external factors that impact how much separation of self from others is tolerated and desired.
Reconfiguring Relational Personhood among Lander Warlpiri
Authors: Vaarzon-Morel Petronella
Published: May 2018

In recent years many Indigenous communities in central Australia have undergone multiple dramatic changes. Responses to the resulting tensions, conflicts and anxiety illuminate local understandings of personhood. Drawing on long term ethnographic fieldwork with Lander Warlpiri/Anmatyerr Willowra (Northern Territory), this paper discusses how relatedness (involving social obligations and reciprocity) among particular categories of persons was understood and maintained during the 1970s, comparing this with the contemporary period, in which considerable conflict between previously united families has occurred. It considers the implications of these differences for notions of personhood, taking into account the altered material conditions in which people live today, changes in practices such as marriage arrangements and ritual, shifting notions of “property”, and embodied relations to land. Local cultural understandings of relational being are explored through analysis of a myth that was publicly performed by a senior male and recorded by young media trainees, with the intent that the younger generation reflect upon what it is to be a person in Warlpiri/Anmatyerr society today.
Murrinhpatha Personhood, Other Humans, and Contemporary Youth
Authors: Mansfield John
Published: May 2018

The traditional Murrinhpatha conception of personhood is similar to what has been observed in other Australian Aboriginal societies, conceiving of the self as a node in a relational network of kinship. But since town settlement, traditional social roles have been radically reconfigured, with a series of economic and ideological factors conspiring to deprecate the role of young men. Murrinhpatha youth respond by embracing a rebellious sub-cultural identity, drawing on mass-media sources to re-imagine themselves as other types of persons. The Murrinhpatha language makes this re-imagining of personhood unusually explicit, since it uses separate grammatical categories to encode socially recognised “persons” versus other animate beings.
We’re Here to Worship God
Authors: Schwarz Carolyn
Published: May 2018

This chapter considers the ways that personhood is experienced, staged, and politicized in the weekly Sunday services of the Galiwin’ku Uniting Church. Central to the discussion are the tensions between a kin-based social order—vestige of the hunting-gathering way of life—and a bureaucratic order that emerged with mission station life and the requirements of the state, institutional church, and market society. I argue that the particular dynamics of the Sunday services, including the thematic content as well as the roles, statuses, sequences, and the relations that are involved, work on the one hand to facilitate individual ways of being and the centralization of authority, and on the other hand, to continue relational ways of being and the dispersal of authority. I examine how these oppositional tendencies are brought to life in the same ritual space and even find some degree of stability. The chapter concludes with some comparative comments on the Galiwin’ku material in relation to discussions of personhood in the “anthropology of Christianity.”
The Antibourgeois Bourgeois Writer
Authors: Hoefle Arnhilt Johanna
Published: May 2018

Despite the author’s bourgeois class background and the subject matter of his writings, Stefan Zweig’s novellas were among the very few foreign-language works that were still published under Mao Zedong’s strict communist rule. Analyzing the rhetoric of the academic articles and commentaries published with the translations, this chapter traces the trajectories of Chinese perspectives on Stefan Zweig’s works after the founding of the People’s Republic in 1949 and until the 2000s. Declaring Zweig’s novellas to be socio-critical literature, Chinese critics had developed a strategy during the Hundred Flowers Campaign of 1956 to make the writer acceptable to his communist censors. According to their interpretation, Zweig’s works fiercely attack the moral decay, emptiness, hypocrisy and brutality of bourgeois society in which women, in particular, suffer. Even after the Mao era came to an end, this way of reading Zweig’s novellas has persisted. Comparing European and North American narratives on Zweig that construct him as an “apolitical” and “nostalgic” writer, the Chinese reception in fact reveals an important socio-critical impetus, especially of the “women novellas,” that has been ignored in Western academia so far.
El Presupuesto Participativo en Argentina. Innovación en términos político-institucionales y de participación ciudadana
Authors: Couto Barbara , Carmona Rodrigo
Published: May 2018

El presente artículo examina los principales alcances que asume el Presupuesto Participativo en tanto política innovadora de articulación entre Estado y sociedad en el contexto argentino reciente. Sobre la base de un abordaje focalizado en el rol de las instituciones y los actores implicados en el despliegue de nuevas formas de intervención pública y democracia local en términos de gobernanza, se busca indagar fundamentalmente dos cuestiones: i) su papel en el proceso de legitimación del poder político-institucional y mejora de la gestión municipal, y ii) su repercusión en el despliegue de un patrón de ciudadanía activa. A partir de un diseño cualitativo-cuantitativo de investigación donde se consideran distintas dimensiones y casos, se analizan los principales resultados que el instrumento genera en el plano de funcionamiento de las estructuras institucionales del gobierno local, de los estilos de gestión e implementación y por último, de las nuevas modalidades de participación y acción colectiva con impactos a nivel territorial.
Efeito da Redução do IPI no Setor de Construção Civil Brasileiro de 2008 a 2013
Authors: Serrano Andre Luiz Marques , Campos Lorena Almeida , Oliveira Joyce Boreli de , Wilbert Marcelo Driemeyer , Damasceno Raissa
Published: May 2018

Este artigo tem como objetivo principal verificar a influência da alíquota do Imposto sobre Produtos Industrializados sobre o crescimento do setor de construção civil entre os anos de 2008 a 2013, por meio da análise de estatística descritiva e regressão múltipla. Os resultados revelaram que a desoneração do IPI afetou o crescimento do resultado bruto das empresas de construção civil, assim como a maior disponibilidade de financiamento imobiliário no mercado. A contribuição desse estudo é a demonstração da efetividade da política tributária por meio da renúncia fiscal adotada com intuito de minimizar os efeitos da crise econômica.
A Tríplice Hélice e a construção de ambientes de inovação: O caso da Incubadora Tecnológica de Luzerna/SC
Authors: Bencke Fernando Fantoni , Dorion Eric Charles Henri , Olea Pelayo Munhoz , Prodanov Cleber Cristiano , Lazzarotti Fábio , Roldan Lucas Bonacina
Published: May 2018

O presente artigo teve por objetivo analisar os fatores que determinaram a constituição de um ambiente de inovação, o caso da Incubadora Tecnológica de Luzerna (ITL), e o papel desempenhado pelos atores da tríplice hélice. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, exploratória e descritiva, que utilizou entrevistas semiestruturadas e análise de conteúdo como principais fontes de coleta e análise de dados. Como abordagem teórica, utilizou-se o modelo da tríplice hélice de Etzkowitz (2009). Os principais resultados destacam os seguintes fatores determinantes no surgimento da ITL: envolvimento de lideranças locais; a iniciativa do poder público municipal; presença de instituições públicas e privadas; inexistências de incubadoras em municípios próximos; e a necessidade de criar novas matrizes econômicas à região. Dentro o papel dos atores, destaca-se o ator governo, em especial a Prefeitura Municipal de Luzerna, em criar incentivos legais e financeiros, estimular a interação entre diferentes atores, gerar novas demandas de mercado, e estimular o surgimento da ITL. O ator universidade pela pré-incubadora existente, gerar conhecimento e formar profissionais. O ator empresa, pela colaboração interna das incubadas na ITL e a instalação da empresa âncora como incentivo para atrair novos empreendimentos.
Proses Pengambilan Keputusan Pembelian di Toko Daring: Peran Faktor Psikologis Persepsi Kualitas Produk dan Tingkat Kepercayaan
Authors: Syaiful Irfan Aulia , Rizal Khairul , Sari Anggit Verdaningrum Kumala
Published: May 2018

Abstract: As changes in purchasing behavior from conventional stores into online stores, fundamental things in consumer psychological processes such as quality perceptions and trust levels need to be reexamined. This research tries to know the contribution of product quality perception and consumer trust in shaping purchasing decision at online store. Sampling in this research was done by incidental sampling technique. Criteria subject used as a sample of research is consumers aged 18-30 years and have been making purchases in online stores at least three times. By using this technique, the subject is 485 people. The results show that product quality and consumer trust are a positive predictor of purchasing decisions at online stores. This study provides evidence that on online purchases, buyers consider almost uniformly the quality of products and online stores that sell products before making a purchase.

Abstrak: Seiring berubahnya tingkah laku pembelian dari toko konvesionalmenuju toko daring, maka hal mendasar dalam proses psikologis konsumen seperti persepsi kualitas dan tingkat kepercayaan perlu dikaji ulang. Penelitian ini mencoba mengetahui kontribusi persepsi kualitas produk dan kepercayaan konsumen dalam membentuk keputusan pembelian di toko daring. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teknik incidental sampling. Kriteria subjek yang dijadikan sebagai sampel penelitian adalah konsumen berusia 18 – 30 tahun dan sudah pernah melakukan pembelian di toko daring minimal tiga kali. Dengan menggunakan teknik tersebut diperoleh subjek 485 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas produk dan kepercayaan konsumen menjadi prediktor positif terhadap keputusan pembelian pada toko daring. Penelitian ini memberikan bukti bahwa pada pembelian daring, pembeli mempertimbangkan secara hampir seimbang kualitas produk dan toko daring yang menjual produk sebelum melakukan pembelian.
Доверие к себе как условие профессиональной самореализации воспитателей дошкольных образовательных организаций
Authors: Ничипорюк Елена Антоновна
Published: May 2018

The article brings forward the results of the theoretical-empirical study devoted to the activity of kindergarten teachers in modern conditions. Trust in Self is considered as an essential condition of professional self-realization of kindergarten teachers. Self-realization is studied as a multidimensional phenomenon. The author has used a complex of diagnostic techniques by means of which features of trust in Self, self-actualization, importance of motivation for self-realization in the profession, satisfaction with self-realization (professional and in life as a whole), and self-attitude have been revealed. 240 kindergarten teachers of preschool institutions of Rostov region took part in the study. Recommendations intended for increasing teachers’ level of trust in Self in the professional sphere are offered.
Психологические особенности профессиональной идентификации сотрудников следственного комитета
Authors: Березин Игорь Гарриевич
Published: May 2018

As a steady trend towards a certain interpretation of “patterns” of professional activity and readiness to work according to arising sense-value attitudes, professional identification influences the level of professional activity and the extent of professional self-realization of employees of the Committee of Inquiry. The article describes results of the empirical study in which 1286 investigators took part. The authordraws a conclusion that considering features of employees’ professional identification should be a component of effective leadership in conditions of work of the Committee of Inquiry.
Особенности частотных показателей сердечного ритма учителей югры в зависимости от выраженности симптомов фазы «резистенция» эмоционального выгорания
Authors: Майстренко Валентин Иванович
Published: May 2018

The author has studied the interrelation of frequency characteristics of teachers’ heart rate variability and the degree of expressiveness of symptoms of the “resistance” phase of the emotional burnout syndrome. It was discovered that symptoms of the “resistance” phase among the examined teachers are the most significant. The author has found out that absolute values of frequency characteristics are 1,5–3 times higher than standard values, that is connected with adaptive mechanisms of an organism when living in the territory of Yugra. Absolute values of frequency indices of HF, LF, VLF and LF/HF at the stage of “maturity” of each symptom of the “resistance” phase are higher than similar indices at the stage of “immaturity”. It is especially expressed in LF/HF index, and these distinctions are reliably significant for each symptom (when р < 0,01 and р < 0,05 depending on a symptom). Thus, the index of LF/HF can be considered as a marker for assessing the development of symptoms of the “resistance” phase.
Смыслодидактика как системное воплощение общей теории смысла в практике учебного процесса
Authors: Абакумова Ирина Владимировна , Кукуляр Анна Михайловна , Фоменко Владимир Трофимович
Published: May 2018

The authors proceed from the assumption that, according to modern psychology and some other humanities, senses are the main unit of the person’s consciousness; they are the highest level of his/her life activity self-regulation. Hence it follows that sense-creation of learners must be a dominant orientation of the educational process and especially learning as the main mechanism of education. This circumstance requires solving of a number of practical problems in passing to a sense paradigm of the educational process. The teacher’s (lecture’s) acquisition of an inherently new didactic thesaurus within which he/she reinterprets classical concepts of the content, methods, technologies, and goal-setting of education is one of such problems. This involves the necessity of a corresponding transformation of traditional, cognitive competences of learners to sense-activity, sense-creative ones. Communication of the teacher and the pupil, the lecturer and the student changes considerably, becoming a sense resonance. The authors solve these and other problems systemically and completely connected with reconsideration of pedagogical practices on the basis of sense-creative activity of the educational process participants.
Психологические особенности мифологических страхов в период юности у представителей ислама
Authors: Абакумова Ирина Владимировна , Гримсолтанова Разет Эльбрусовна , Мирошниченко Александр Владимирович
Published: May 2018

The article focuses on the relevance of religion and myth, their fundamental functions and functions in existential problems of the person. The authors describe the role and place of religion and the myth in existential problems of youth of the post-conflict region of the South of Russia. The influence of the excessive mythologization of religious contents on the sense-value sphere of young men and girls of student age is studied, since the excessive mythologization can generate existential fears and function as a destructive transformation and deformation of personality.This article also brings forward results of the empirical study of psychological features of mythological fears in the Chechen Republic among representatives of youth with various sense-value attitudes. The authors describe distinctions of character accentuations, temperament, locus of control and the level of anxiety among examinees of the juvenile age with a high level of experience of mythological fears and examinees of the juvenile age whose level of experience of mythological fears is not high.The authors have used the author’s questionnaire consisting of 24 questions and 5 scales for revealing the level of experience of mythological fears (fear of possession by a jinni), gender classification and distribution of subgroups according to the degree of expressiveness of mythological fears. For revealing individual differences of all the examinees and distinctions in the individual sphere of those with high and average levels of experience of mythological fears irrespective of sex assignment the authors have used: H. Eysenck’s technique for revealing temperament; the locus of control test developed by Rotter; G. Shmishek’s questionnaire for assessing character accentuations; J. Taylor’s analysis of the level of anxiety (T. A. Nemchinova’s adaptation).All the obtained results are described in the article and given in tables.
Смыслообразующая деятельность учащихся как условие эффективного развития личности и мотивации на занятиях по английскому языку
Authors: Жданько Анна Павловна
Published: May 2018

The author of the article proceeds from the assumption that students’ sensemaking during English lessons is a powerful tool of development of motivation and personality. In this paper we prove that a driving force of sense-making is an exchange of values between teacher and students. The article represents the essence of mechanisms of impact on students’ sense sphere. The procedure of coding of sense sphere that causes certain model of behavior is shown. The first step isfinding of extra motives. The second step is a choice of verbal and visual image for establishing sense-bearing links. Also the article underlines the importance of English lessons’ integration into major subjects for increasing meaningfulness of both subjects and appearing of new senses. In that case we deal with interconnectionof personal senses and the content of education. Due to the above mentioned fact the content of education is a thing that causes students’ development and academic progress. The article describes methods, which were used for sense-making activization. Among these methods are heuristic conceptual foresight, analytical method, brainstorming. Method of heuristic conceptual foresight allows predict some events by means of analyses of the past and present experience. Analyticalmethod allows to find out the interconnection between the object and factors influencing this object. Brainstorming allows to get a big amount of productive ideas. The article describes psychological peculiarities of students’ age group that contributes to achieving of the aim of the research. In this paper we prove a significant advantage of the sense-making activity for the development of students’ personality.
Страх на войне: деструктивный фактор или психологический ресурс?
Authors: Караяни Александр Григорьевич , Караяни Юлия Михайловна
Published: May 2018

The article deals with features of the experience of fear in soldiers. Symptoms, factors, catalysts, and functions of fear are analyzed. The influence of fear on soldiers’ behavior is considered; phenomena of psychological contagion and defeat are revealed. The nature of fear and features of its manifestation during hostilities are described. The authors bring forward results of studies of military theorists andpsychologists concerning a disorganizing role of fear. However, the authors consider fear as a natural, necessary and useful reaction of the soldier to danger. At the same time the dynamics of the experience and psychological consequences of fear are described; its impact on combat operations is revealed. Concrete and real examples illustrating moral-psychological capabilities of soldiers experiencing fear are given.An activizing role of fear, its constructive functions are described. Some aspects of soldiers’ psychological state and catalytic properties of fear are analyzed. In this context fear is one of the most “power-intensive” emotions of the person. The directions of the use of fear as a resource of military activity of soldiers are substantiated.Features of the regulation of fear are described; the necessity of the development of social motives (love of country, belief in God, justice, victory; hatred for the enemy; sense of duty etc.) of soldiers is substantiated. Psychological mechanisms of the regulation of fear are analyzed. In the conclusion the authors outline perspectivedirections of the development of military psychology and indicate the relevance of practice-oriented methods and techniques aimed at influences directed on mobilization of psychological resources of soldiers, controlling fear, optimization of their moral-psychological state, and activization of activity.
Особенности правосознания студентов с разным индексом жизненного стиля
Authors: Пономарев Вадим Петрович
Published: May 2018

This paper brings forward findings of the study of features of sense of justice of bachelors of various professional orientations by analyzing their relation to legal regulation of life as a certain personal value. Modern general psychological theory of sense and sense-creation is considered as a theoretical basis of the study. This makes it possible to reveal new aspects of sense of justice for the study and supplementits traditional interpretations. Sense of justice, which is often treated as a form of social consciousness, in fact generalizes the idea of a particular person about what is legal and what is not, and is his/her individual, personal sense revealing when he/she understands legal foundations for the existence in the real life world.Using a specially developed questionnaire the author has carried out an empirical research which has made it possible to reveal levels of the development of sense of justice of respondents: low (the respondent is badly informed about legal regulation of his/her life and does not understand the necessity of the knowledge of law and legislation), average (the respondent understands interpersonal forms ofsense in legal norms and regulations offered for an assessment, and can interpret their meaning for his/her own life), high (the respondent understands the meaning of legal norms and legislation for society as a whole and for himself/herself, can give them sense-personal interpretations, compare them with various life contexts,distinguish their general and specific characteristics, and the most important, determine their importance for his/her individual life-world). Further the author has carried out psychometric diagnostics using the “Life Style Index” technique. The level of sense of justice is related to certain defense mechanisms of the person. The mechanism of substitution was expressed most dominantly among psychologistswith a high level of the development of sense of justice; it was the mechanism of rationalization for lawyers.