bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AI transforming Healthcare Management during Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Efthymiou Iris-Panagiota , Sidiropoulos Symeon , Kritas Dimitrios , Rapti Paraskevi , Vozikis Athanassios , Souliotis Kyriakos
Published: October 2020

The dawn of artificial intelligence (AI) as a platform for improved health care provides unparalleled opportunity to enhance patient and clinical team performance, minimize costs, and reduce the health effects of the community. It provides a broad description of the legal and legislative context of the AI tools intended for the implementation of health care; highlights the need for equality, accessibility, the need for a human rights goal for the work; and identifies important factors for further advancement. AI framework describes the obstacles, drawbacks, and best practices for AI development, adoption, and management. It brings in a paradigm shift to healthcare, driven by rising clinical data access and rapid advancement in analytical techniques. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is going to revolutionize the practice of medicine and change the delivery of healthcare. This paper discusses the role of artificial intelligence in the advancement of health care and associated fields. It also discusses, the value of artificial intelligence in various healthcare sectors' transformation.
There is always something new emerging from Africa
Authors: Xyraphis Apostolos
Published: October 2020

This paper focuses on the political and economic significance of Africa for a declining Europe, from a Greek vision and perspective. We argue that major ongoing developments (covid-19 included) and those perspectively announced pose dilemmas and the burden of engineering of choice, to decision-makers. As there are no country-level solutions that could be sufficient to address contemporary complex issues such as migration flows, pandemias, sustainable growth, climate change and multiple inequalities, we explore a possible new moral basis for future Euro-African coordination and collaboration.
Besieged sovereignty: The pandemic and the triple relation between state, international organizations and integral society
Authors: Gouvêa Carina Barbosa , Branco Pedro Hermílio Villas Bôas Castelo
Published: October 2020

The theory of sovereignty has been challenged by the limits established by the international field and tensions, a likely subordination of the internal right to the global community that is governed by rules and principles and not simply by the exercise of power. The pandemic from COVID-19 has provided an opening in the theoretical field of fragmentation of the theory regarding state sovereignty. A new way to materialize sovereignty that, when put into practice, can assume the functions of global governance exercised by an international organization. This ability of exercising state sovereignty, named besieged sovereignty in this document, has the initial goal of justifying the use of this new concept that emerged from a state of global exception, in addition to presenting, briefly, the approach to the validity of legal norms. Two hypotheses will be presented for the field of this research: can there be unilateral and/or plurilateral intervention in state sovereignty in case there is a declaration of a state of emergency, of exception, in the global field?  Can there be an authorization of the United Nations Charter for direct intervention on behalf of individual or collective self-defense, in the case of an armed attack upon the nation that represents imminent risk of transmission and spread of the pandemic? We will argue that besieged sovereignty represents a serious risk to state sovereignty and that the international community needs to be actively engaged in ensuring that governments observe the standards and quickly return to normal so that there is no “legitimate use of force ”and unilateral or plurilateral interventions, since the sovereign will be the one who is capable, over the abnormality, in order to suspend the legal order in whole or in part and with the purpose of restoring normality.
“Fallen Angels” under European Union’s migration gesture
Authors: Plessia Vasiliki
Published: October 2020

According to the European Commission, from January 2020 till now, there have been new 8636 asylum requests to Greece. In the meanwhile, the living conditions of refugees and migrants in the overcrowded camps and hotspots, have attracted the attention of the press once again, amid the COVID-19 pandemic.After her visit at the Greek, and thus European, borders, the President of the European Commission, Ursula von der Leyen was alarmed by the current situation of thousands unaccompanied minors and asked Commissioner Ylva Johansson to ensure their protection. (European Commission, 2020).This policy brief outlines the parameters of all International and European judiciary background, which protects children under refugee or migrant status. Moreover, referring to recent quantitative data, it analyses the current state of affairs, as well as the problems children face as residents in current camps and hotspots in Greece. Thus, taking all these into account it suggests briefly the following possible measures:The creation of a minors’ allocation platform for all EU countries.Public awareness-raising, through media campaigning at a European level.The adoption of the Proposal for a new Asylum Procedures Regulation 2013/32/EU.The facilitation of mutual trust and cooperation between national authorities, in order to proceed quickly with the relocation of unaccompanied minors and the raising of funds for that purpose.The increase of juvenile prosecutors per child.The application of safety measures in camps and hotspots, in order to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic.The establishment of external consultancy methods for NGOs in order to monitor the use of EU funds in accordance with childrens’ needs.
Methodological principles of working with cadets and students of the Ministry of Internal Affairs system in a language laboratory when teaching them a foreign language
Authors: Bashlueva Mariya
Published: October 2020

This article deals with directions in the methodology of teaching foreign languages of cadets and students in educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs using the capabilities of the language laboratory. The large part of distance learning as well as the formation of a contingent of students of distance learning, mainly from the shortened form (on the basis of higher and secondary education), in whose study a known break is especially noticeable when teaching foreign languages, necessitates a special consideration of creating the most favorable conditions for teaching external students of foreign languages. The bottleneck in teaching languages to students of distance learning is the development of oral, reading and pronunciation skills, in other words, communication skills. The real way to solve this problem with a limited time of classroom language classes in an educational organization is to combine existing forms of educational work with the work of students in a language laboratory or in a computer class while preparing for the next classroom classes.
OCEANO, HUMANIDADE E REGIÕES TROPICAIS: NOSSO FUTURO DEPENDE DA NOSSA RECONEXÃO
Authors: Skinner Luis Felipe
Published: October 2020

Os oceanos cobrem aproximadamente 390 milhões de km2 da superfície da Terra e 66,9 milhões km2 se encontra na região tropical. Os oceanos tropicais abrangem a maior riqueza de espécies e o maior número de relações ecológicas entre estas, em diversos ecossistemas, como recifes de coral e recifes rochosos, manguezais, pradarias de fanerógamas marinhas e praias por exemplo. Ao mesmo tempo, as regiões a até 100km da costa são locais de vida para mais de 2,4 bilhões de pessoas, o que corresponde a aproximadamente 40% da população mundial. Grande parte desta população vive em regiões tropicais e sem acesso à serviços básicos como saneamento ou acesso a água potável tratada. A relação da Humanidade com os oceanos remete à cerca de 164.000 anos no passado, onde o Homem passou a utilizar recursos e serviços marinhos e aprendeu a interpretar e conhecer os ritmos deste ambiente. Este conhecimento foi transmitido de geração à geração e entre diferentes culturas, gerando processos de manejo e uso dos sistemas marinhos de forma sustentável. Nos dias atuais, em que a Humanidade se defronta com a destruição acelerada de habitats e perda de diversidade e inúmeros recursos e serviços ambientais, a redescoberta e a reconexão com o ambiente fazem-se extremamente necessários. É neste propósito que a Revista Human and Environment of Tropical Bays se apresenta como um espaço de veiculação de informação de qualidade, que alia o conhecimento sobre o meio físico e biológico dos ecossistemas costeiros tropicais, mas também, da presença do Homem sobre este espaço e de suas ações, visando entender como Humanidade e Ambiente são cada vez mais indissociáveis.
Maximising intercultural learning opportunities: learning with, from and about students from different cultures
Authors: Markey Kathleen , Sackey Margaret Efua , Oppong-Gyan Richard
Published: October 2020

Nurses continue to experience challenges when caring for culturally diverse patients and while working with staff from different cultural, ethnic and linguistic backgrounds. The widening landscape of cultural diversity in the nursing classroom provides a vehicle for intercultural learning, supporting intercultural competence development. However, students must embrace culturally diverse learning environments and maximise opportunities to learn with, from and about students from different cultural backgrounds. This requires developing the courage, curiosity and commitment to maximise all intercultural learning opportunities. Drawing on experiences of international students studying in culturally diverse classrooms, this article presents some practical suggestions for meaningfully engaging and capitalising on intercultural learning opportunities.
Obesity levels and COVID-19: the Government's mission
Authors: Glasper Alan
Published: October 2020

Emeritus Professor Alan Glasper, from the University of Southampton, discusses the Prime Minister's personal campaign to reduce the impact of COVID-19 by addressing rising levels of obesity in society
Academic essays part 4: exploring the question
Authors: Fowler John
Published: October 2020

John Fowler, Educational Consultant, explores academic writing
Sacral neuromodulation system for treating refractory overactive bladder
Authors: Phillips Alice
Published: October 2020

Sacral neuromodulation (SNM) is a therapy system used to improve bladder function, including in people with overactive bladder (OAB). It is safe and can improve quality of life. SNM helps improve symptoms through direct modulation of nerve activity; it involves electrically stimulating the sacral nerves that carry signals between the pelvic floor, spinal cord and the brain and is thought to normalise neural communication between the bladder and brain. If patients with OAB do not respond to non-surgical and conservative options, minimally invasive procedures can be offered, including SNM. SNM is performed in two stages: the trial phase, to assess whether it would be effective in the long term; and permanent implantation. This year, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) released guidance on the Axonics SNM System® for treating refractory OAB. The Axonics System is rechargeable and lasts at least 15 years, minimising the need for repeat surgery. NICE suggests the Axonics System may have cost advantages for the NHS. Having more than one SNM therapy option available increases options for patients, offering them a choice of handsets and rechargeable versus non-rechargeable implants. Three case studies illustrate how the system works in practice.
The Effects of Principal’s Decision-making, Organizational Commitment and School Climate on Teacher Performance in Vocational High School Based on Teacher Perceptions
Authors: Mailool Jefri , Kartowagiran Badrun , Retnowati Tri Hartiti , Wening Sri , Putranta Himawan
Published: October 2020

This quantitative research aims to analyze the effects of the principal's decision-making, organizational commitment and school climate on teacher performance in vocational high school. The research sample was 160 vocational school teachers in North Minahasa Regency with simple random sampling method. The data were collected using a Likert scale questionnaire 25 with statements. The data analysis was performed using simple linear regression and multiple linear regression. The results showed that the principal's decision-making, organizational commitment and school climate had a positive and significant effect on the performance of vocational school teachers, both partially and simultaneously. The results of this research can be an important reference for educational administrators at vocational high school level to design school strategies and policies that can encourage increased teacher performance to achieve better school productivity.
Thermal lens in diode-pumped square-section rods of Nd-doped phosphate glass and 0.5%Nd:5%Lu:CaF2 crystal: simulations and experiments
Authors: Bernerd C. , Da Costa Fernandes B. , Boursier E. , Luce J. , Maunier C. , Braud A. , Meroni C. , Camy P. , Montant S.
Published: October 2020

We performed simulations and experiments of wavefront distortions induced by propagating through diode-pumped square-section amplifying laser rods of Nd-doped phosphate glass and

0.5

%

N
d

:

5

%

L
u

:

C
a
F

2

. We observed that depending on the material, wavefront distortions’ profile can vary from a circular lens-like distortion to a complex astigmatic distortion. We showed that this difference comes from the relative sign of piezo-optic tensor coefficients.
Integrated Photonic Synaptic Interconnect Processor for Acceleration of Deep Neural Network Training
Authors: Dangel R. , Horst F. , Offrein B. J.
Published: October 2020

Our neuromorphic work on analog photonic synaptic signal processing relies on holographically induced refractive index gratings in a photorefractive semi-insulating III/V layer on silicon photonics to boost inference and training performance and efficiency of Neural Networks.
Silicon Subwavelength Structures: Practical Metamaterials for Communications and Sensing
Authors: Halir R. , Herrero-Bermello A. , Luque-González J. M. , González-Andrade D. , Leuermann J. , Sánchez-Postigo A. , Hadij-ElHouati A. , Pereira-Martín D. , de-Oliva-Rubio J. , Wangüemert-Pérez J. G. , Ortega-Moñux A. , Schmid J. H. , Velasco A. V. , Dias-Ponte A. , Čtyroký J. , Nedeljkovic M. , Mashanovich G. Z. , Cheben P. , Molina-Fernández Í.
Published: October 2020

In this invited talk we review the latest advances in the surging field of photonic subwavelength metamaterials. These structures can provide enhanced, device-specific material properties and find widespread application in silicon photonics.
FSR-free filter with hitless tunability across C+L telecom band
Authors: Milanizadeh Maziyar , Petrini Matteo , Morichetti Francesco , Melloni Andrea
Published: October 2020

An FSR free coupled-resonator filter over the extended C+L band (1520 nm–1620 nm) is experimentally demonstrated. Two novel strategies are introduced: the non-integer-ratio Vernier design combined with the controllable-loss hitless tuning scheme.
Nonlinear Optical and Photocurrent Responses in 2D Materials and Topological Materials
Authors: Qian Xiaofeng
Published: October 2020

We present the latest progress in first-principles theory and simulation of second harmonic generation, shift and circular photocurrent, and nonlinear anomalous Hall effect in 2D ferroelectric and topological materials.
SiGe photonic circuits for mid IR spectroscopy
Authors: Montesinos-Ballester Miguel , Liu Qiankun , Deniel Lucas , Frigerio Jacopo , Ballabio Andrea , Le Roux Xavier , Bouville David , Barzaghi Andrea , Alonso-Ramos Carlos , Vivien Laurent , Isella Giovanni , Marris-Morini Delphine
Published: October 2020

Ge-rich SiGe photonic circuits have been used to demonstrate a whole set of devices operating in a wide spectral range in the mid-IR. Optical modulation has been demonstrated recently up to 11 micron wavelength.
Dirac Plasmons in Topological Insulators
Authors: Law Stephanie
Published: October 2020

Topological insulators (TIs) house linearly-dispersing helical surface states. Electrons occupying these surfaces states are two-dimensional, massless, and can form Dirac plasmons. I will discuss the behavior of Dirac plasmons in TI single layers and heterostructures.
Broadband Design of Silicon Photonics Four-Mode (de)Multiplexer by Wavefront Matching Method
Authors: Sawada Yusuke , Fujisawa Takeshi , Saitoh Kunimasa
Published: October 2020

A broadband silicon-based four-mode multiplexer is designed by a wavefront matching method. The crosstalk is suppressed for all modes in wide bandwidth and the transmission spectra becomes very flat compared with those of conventional design.
Broadband Optical Signal Processing in AlGaAs-on-insulator Waveguides
Authors: Pu Minhao , Liu Yong , Kim Chanju , Zheng Yi , Semenova Elizaveta , Kong Deming , Hu Hao , Galili Michael , Oxenløwe Leif Katsuo , Kuyken Bart , Billet Maximilien , Leo Francois , Yvind Kresten
Published: October 2020

We discuss and review the Kerr-effect-based broadband optical signal processing in high-index-contrast AlGaAs-on-insulator waveguides, which is enabled by a combination of an ultra-high nonlinearity and efficient dispersion engineering.
Optimization of Laser Frequency Stabilization via Self-Injection Locking to WGM Microresonator
Authors: Galiev R. R. , Kondratiev N. M. , Lobanov V. E. , Matsko A. B. , Bilenko I. A.
Published: October 2020

We developed a model that enables both deeper understanding of the salient physical features of the self-injection locking of a laser to high-quality factor whispering-gallery mode microresonator and corresponding improvements of the laser frequency stabilization.
1D Periodic Corrugated Waveguides for Real-Time Detection of Increasing Concentrations of Thrombin
Authors: Martínez-Pérez Paula , Gómez-Gómez Maribel , Torrijos-Morán Luis , Angelova Todora , Griol Amadeu , Hurtado Juan , Bellieres Laurent , García-Rupérez Jaime
Published: October 2020

An aptasensor based on periodic 1D corrugated waveguides is demonstrated to be suitable for the specific and continuous detection of thrombin at nM concentrations in real time with an estimated detection limit of 33.5 pM.
Direct 213 nm UV written Bragg gratings and waveguides in planar silica without hydrogen loading
Authors: Ahmed Q.S. , Gow P.C. , Mennea P.L. , Bannerman R.H.S. , Smith D.H. , Holmes C. , Gates J.C. , Smith P.G.R.
Published: October 2020

We report the first demonstration of integrated waveguides and Bragg gratings direct UV written into planar silica using a fifth harmonic 213 nm laser without hydrogen loading. We observe 0.44 ±0.26 dB cm
−
1 propagation loss.
Sampled-Grating Distributed Bragg Reflector Laser based on a Generic Photonic Integration Platform
Authors: An Pengli , Heck Martijn J. R.
Published: October 2020

The first sampled-grating distributed Bragg reflector laser based on a generic photonic integration platform, using standard building blocks, has been realized, with a 34-nm coarse and discrete tuning range and above 10-mW optical power.
Structural parameters of hyperbolic metamaterials controlling high-k mode resonant wavelengths
Authors: Sohr Patrick , Law Stephanie
Published: October 2020

Layered semiconductor hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs) are composite
materials composed of alternating subwavelength-doped (metal) and
undoped (dielectric) semiconductor layers. These materials support the
propagation of light with large wave vectors through modes called
volume plasmon polaritons (VPPs). In this paper, we use finite-element
modeling and effective medium analysis (EMA) to investigate how the
number of periods, the period thickness, and the overall HMM thickness
affect the VPP mode-resonant wavelengths. We show that the overall HMM
thickness has a larger impact on shifting the resonant wavelengths of
the VPP modes than the subwavelength structure. We also show that the
main limitation of EMA for this application is an inability to account
for the boundary conditions at the substrate.
Perspectives and Challenges on the Next Generation of Autonomous Networks [Invited]
Authors: Boertjes David W.
Published: October 2020

Multi-layer flexibility and automation is a promising way to increase network capacity. This includes flexible photonic technologies which can introduce blind spots in network reconfiguration. Instrumentation is an emerging trend aimed at solving this issue.
Application of Optical Fiber Communication Technologies to Free-Space Optical Communications Under Atmospheric Turbulence
Authors: Arikawa Manabu
Published: October 2020

For high-speed satellite-to-ground free-space optical communications, mitigation of fading due to the atmospheric turbulence is crucial. We review our studies of mode diversity coherent reception and fiber communication technologies contributing it.
Signal Encryption Opportunities for Photonic Networks
Authors: Abbade Marcelo Luís Francisco , Souza Welerson Santos , Nogueira Marcelo Pereira , Rodrigues Ivan Eduardo Lage , de Oliveira Santos Melissa , Bonani Luiz Henrique , Aldaya Ivan
Published: October 2020

We discuss signal encryption opportunities in photonic networks (PNs). In particular, we use computer simulations to show that dynamic keys lead to diffusion when two phase-encoded signals are shuffled and transmitted through PNs.
Applications of Distributed Learning for Optical Communications Networks
Authors: Shariati Behnam , Safari Pooyan , Fischer Johannes Karl
Published: October 2020

In this talk, we will present a privacy-preserving distributed learning framework, which enables shared governance and ownership of ML models. The framework can contribute to the realization of autonomous optical networking and transmission paradigm.
Localized Emission Centres in Nanostructured Emission Layers for an Increased Resonance-to-Background Ratio
Authors: Lüder Hannes , Kreutzkamm Paul , Murat Yolande , Gerken Martina
Published: October 2020

Emitters in nanostructured OLEDs out-couple through direct and resonant paths. We show in simulation (FDTD) and experiment that localized emission centres enhance the resonance-to-background ratio.
Tuning the Optical and Geometrical Properties of Hybrid Carbon Flakes by Fabrication Parameters
Authors: Butt Muhammad Abdullah , Mamonova Daria , Manshina Alina A. , Banzer Peter , Leuchs Gerd
Published: October 2020

We investigate the effects of fabrication parameters on the properties of a self-assembled crystalline carbon-metal hybrid. We show that attenuation and geometrical parameters can be tuned, while high birefringence is observed for all studied cases.
Optically Driven Terahertz Wave Polarization Modulation by Unaligned Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Kvitsinskiy Anatoly , Demchenko Petr , Novoselov Mikhail , Anoshkin Ilya , Bogdanov Kirill , Baranov Alexander , Khodzitsky Mikhail
Published: October 2020

Faraday effect in single-wall carbon nanotubes was experimental studied in a range 0.2–0.8 THz at a room temperature. A change of 15° in an azimuth, and of 10° in an ellipticity angle was achieved.
High-Q silicon microresonator for self-injection locking in mid-IR band: development and characterization
Authors: Shitikov Artem E. , Benderov Oleg V. , Lobanov Valery E. , Kondratiev Nikita M. , Bilenko Igor A.
Published: October 2020

We experimentally observed a DFB laser diode self-injection locking to a microresonator made of crystalline silicon in mid-IR. Original technique based on the self-injection locking fundamentals was developed for characterization of the effect.
Fabrication Processes for Adaptive Optofluidic Lens Arrays
Authors: Del Rosso Michelle , Lepard Sydney , Collier Christopher M.
Published: October 2020

Endoscopic devices have limitations through fixed optical properties and narrow field-of-view, which can be overcome with an adaptive compound eye lens. However, fabrication challenges of this adaptive compound eye lens must be overcome.
Amplified spontaneous emission from neodymium doped zinc tellurite glass powder
Authors: Câmara Josivanir Gomes , da Silva Davinson Mariano
Published: October 2020

Photoluminescence to amplified spontaneous emission transition is observed for the first time in a Nd3+ doped zinc tellurite (TZO) glass powder. The results indicate TZO glasses are promising scattering gain medium for random lasing.
Multilayer graphene for flexible light shutters
Authors: Petrova Dimitrina , Marinova Vera , Petrov Stefan , Angelova Ina , Napoleonov Blagovest , Fidanova Cvetelina , Hsu Ken Yuh , Lin Shiuan Huei
Published: October 2020

Multilayer graphene, grown by CVD method and transferred on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates has been used as transparent conductive layer for flexible light shutters. Sheet resistance stability during bending of large area graphene is studied. Graphene/PET retains its low sheet resistance, even after continuous bending of up to 1000 times.
Thermal effect in plasmon assisted photocatalyst: a parametric study
Authors: Un Ieng-Wai , Sivan Yonatan
Published: October 2020

We show that the temperature distribution in photocatalysts is typically weakly-dependent on the illumination wavelength, pulse duration, particle shape, size and density but is strongly sensitive to the beam size and the host thermal conductivity.
Laser additive manufacturing at the nanoscales under ambient conditions
Authors: Zhao Chenglong
Published: October 2020

Additive manufacturing at the macroscale has been used by engineers for rapid prototyping. In this paper, I introduced a new nanoparticle-desorption process that can be used for additive manufacturing at the nanoscales.
Laser-induced, ultrabright spontaneous photoluminescence spikes from colloidal silver nanocubes for patch nanoantennas
Authors: Lukishova Svetlana G. , Brone Jerome , Mei Jiwei , Young Liam , Khan Darman , Li Zihao
Published: October 2020

Ultrabright intensity spikes (up to ~400─900 kcounts/s) appear sporadically in time traces of photoluminescence from 100-nm silver nanocubes used in nanopatch antennas for single-photon source applications. Both 532 and 633 nm laser excitation causes them.
Spectral Self-Imaging Using a Nonlinear Time-Lens with a Discrete Multilevel Quadratic Pump
Authors: Fernández Manuel P. , Cortés Luis Romero , Bulus-Rossini Laureano A. , Costanzo-Caso Pablo A. , Azaña José
Published: October 2020

Spectral self-imaging is induced on a frequency comb using a novel power-efficient XPM-based time-lens design. We demonstrate FSR division factors of 12 requiring pump powers 6 dB below that for the conventional parabolic time-lens.
Manipulating dispersive waves in a normal dispersion fiber ring resonator driven by optical pulses
Authors: Xu Yiqing , Sharples Alexander , Fatome Julien , Coen Stéphane , Erkintalo Miro , Murdoch Stuart G.
Published: October 2020

We experimentally study the phase matching condition of dispersive waves in a pulse-pumped normal dispersion ring resonator. The frequency shift of the dispersive waves strongly depends on the pump synchronization yielding tunable broadband combs.
Intermodal Dispersive Wave Generation in Silicon Nitride Waveguides
Authors: Lüpken Niklas M. , Timmerkamp Maximilian , Scheibinger Ramona , Schaarschmidt Kay , Epping Jörn P. , Schmidt Markus A. , Boller Klaus-J. , Fallnich Carsten
Published: October 2020

We present a new mechanism for the generation of dispersive waves mediated by intermodal cross-phase modulation between transverse modes during supercontinuum generation. This process may enable new phase-matching conditions for frequency conversion.
Second Harmonic Amplification
Authors: Flemens Noah , Swenson Nicolas , Moses Jeffrey
Published: October 2020

Hybridized OPA and idler SHG suppresses back-conversion in OPA, dramatically improving efficiency. Spatiotemporal analysis of CSP and LNB-based devices demonstrates up to 55% energy conversion to signal and efficient fractional harmonic pump upconversion.
Metastable states of a solitary-wave well
Authors: Melchert Oliver , Babushkin Ihar , Morgner Uwe , Demircan Ayhan
Published: October 2020

We demonstrate a novel mechanism for trapping radiation within the refractive index well formed by a soliton, also allowing for metastable states. These states appear robust against perturbation and can be manipulated in various ways.
Simple scheme for creation of persistent optical event horizons
Authors: Bose Surajit , Melchert Oliver , Willms Stephanie , Pal Mrinmay , Morgner Uwe , Babushkin Ihar , Demircan Ayhan
Published: October 2020

We demonstrate numerically and experimentally a simple scheme for self-generation of a highly efficient and long-lasting fiber optical event horizon which requires only standard equipment in an optical laboratory.
Physics and Applications of Epsilon-Near-Zero Materials
Authors: Boyd Robert W.
Published: October 2020

We describe some of the properties of light propagation through a material for which the dielectric permittivity, and hence the refractive index, is nearly vanishing. Among other unusual optical properties, we find that such epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) materials display an extremely large nonlinear optical response, with important implications for the field of photonics.
Condensation of optical waves in multimode fibers
Authors: Baudin K. , Fusaro A. , Krupa K. , Garnier J. , Rica S. , Millot G. , Picozzi A.
Published: October 2020

We report the observation of the transition to condensation of optical waves propagating in multimode fibers: below a critical value of the energy, the fundamental mode gets macroscopic populated, in agreement with the equilibrium theory.
Rotational dynamics of Turing patterns and cavity solitons induced by optical angular momentum
Authors: Gibson C. J. , Baio G. , Robb G. R. M. , Ackemann T. , Yao A. M. , Oppo G.-L.
Published: October 2020

Turing patterns and cavity solitons in the transverse plane of nonlinear optical cavities pumped by beams carrying orbital angular momentum rotate with an angular velocity inversely proportional to the square of the ring radius.
Experimental demonstration of fiber optical parametric chirped pulse oscillation at 1 µm
Authors: Becheker R. , Touil M. , Idlahcen S. , Tang M. , Haboucha A. , Barviau B. , Grisch F. , Camy P. , Godin T. , Hideur A.
Published: October 2020

We report the first experimental demonstration of a fiber optical parametric chirped-pulse oscillator (FOPCPO) pumped by chirped pulses. The system delivers 250 nJ highly-chirped idler pulses and simulations show that further energy scaling is possible.
Hyperpolarizability measurement of plasmonic meta-atoms in metasurfaces
Authors: Bin-Alam M. Saad , Awan Kashif M. , Kiviniemi Antti , Baxter Joshua , Mamchur Yaryna , Lesina Antonio Cala’ , Ramunno Lora , Huttunen Mikko J. , Dolgaleva Ksenia
Published: October 2020

Here, we experimentally determine the order-of-magnitude value of the 1st-order hyperpolarizability of plasmonic meta-atoms in metasurfaces. This result will prove useful in designing nonlinear metasurfaces for a variety of applications.
Thermo-Optical Nonlinearity of Metallic Nanoparticle(s)
Authors: Un Ieng-Wai , Sivan Yonatan
Published: October 2020

We show that the thermo-optical nonlinearity is strongly dependent on the illumination wavelength and the nanoparticle size for single metal nanoparticle system but is only sensitive to the host thermal conductivity for multi-nanoparticle system.
Generation of Dissipative Soliton in Er-doped All-fiber Oscillator Based on a Femtosecond Laser Inscribed 45° Tilted Fiber Grating
Authors: Huang Zinan , Huang Qianqian , Theodosiou Antreas , Kalli Kyriacos , Mou Chengbo
Published: October 2020

A dissipative soliton mode-locked all-fiber laser using a femtosecond laser inscribed 45° tilted fiber grating (TFG) is demonstrated. Our work indicates that femtosecond laser inscribed 45° TFGs have great application potential in high-energy ultrafast lasers.
Spatial-Temporal Dynamcis in Vortex Laser Formed by the Coherent Superposition of Off-Axis Resonanting Modes
Authors: Lin Yuan-Yao , Wu Chao-Yi
Published: October 2020

We demonstrate optical vortex Q-switched lasers formed by coherent superposition of off-axis resonant modes emitting controllable periodic to chaotic pulses. Superposition of anti-phased states at different portion of the vortex is observed.
Terahertz Frequency Conversion with a Photomixer
Authors: Constantin Florin Lucian
Published: October 2020

The nonlinear electrical response of a low temperature grown GaAs photomixer driven with the optical beat of two continuous-wave lasers is exploited in optical frequency down-conversion for THz-wave modulation and heterodyne detection.
Novel multi-wavelength random fiber laser with adjustable wavelength spacing
Authors: Huang Ping , Shu Xuewen , Zhang Zuxing
Published: October 2020

A novel multi-wavelength Brillouin-erbium random fiber laser with adjustable wavelength spacing was proposed and demonstrated. Two wavelength interval switching mechanisms were studied.
Coexisted dark solitons in the explosion of the bright dissipative soliton in ultrafast fiber lasers
Authors: Du Yueqing , Han Mengmeng , Shu Xuewen
Published: October 2020

We find dark solitons can coexist with the birght soliton during the exploding process in fiber lasers. The collapsed temporal structure of the exploding soliton is induced by the dark solitons.
Observation of vortex dynamics in a fluid of light
Authors: Eloy A. , Boughdad O. , Michel C. , Bellec M.
Published: October 2020

Using an all-optical platform, based on a biased photorefractive crystal, we experimentally investigate the vortex dynamics in a fluid of light past various obstacles.
Demonstration of Vortex Optical Pin Beams
Authors: Bongiovanni Domenico , Li Denghui , Goutsoulas Mihalis , Hu Yi , Song Daohong , Morandotti Roberto , Efremidis Nikolaos K. , Chen Zhigang
Published: October 2020

We report on vortex optical pin beams, obtained by spatially tailoring amplitude and phase profile of a laser beam in Fourier space. Numerical and experimental results show controllable and anti-diffractive dynamics during long-distance propagation.
Perfect Vortices via Second Harmonic Generation In Optically Induced Nonlinear Hologram
Authors: Mazur L. M. , Liu S. , Krolikowski W. , Sheng Y.
Published: October 2020

We extend functionality of nonlinear photonic crystal by fabricating curved fork-like spatial modulation of nonlinearity for generation of second harmonic “perfect vortices”. Their diameter remains constant independently of their topological charge.
Effect of Fiber Length and Loss on the Threshold of Unidirectional Lasing in a Reciprocal All-Fiber Ring Laser
Authors: Arshad Muhammad Assad , Pratiwi Arni , Hartung Alexander , Jäger Matthias
Published: October 2020

We recently demonstrated unidirectional lasing in a reciprocal all fiber ring laser at full laser operation. With this manuscript we discuss the influence of length and fiber loss on the triggering of unidirectional lasing in this fiber ring laser.
Hot-spots and gain enhancement in a doubly pumped parametric down-conversion process
Authors: Jedrkiewicz Ottavia , Invernizzi Erica , Brambilla Enrico , Gatti Alessandra
Published: October 2020

We experimentally investigate the parametric down-conversion process in a nonlinear bulk crystal, driven by two non-collinear pump modes. The experiment shows the emergence of bright hot-spots in modes shared by the two pumps, similar to the phenomenology recently observed in 2D nonlinear photonic crystals. By exploiting the spatial walk-off between the two extraordinary pump modes, we have been able to recreate a peculiar resonance condition, reported by a local enhancement of the parametric gain, which corresponds to a transition from a three-mode to a four-mode coupling. From a quantum point of view, this opens the way to the generation of multimode entangled states of light, such as tripartite or quadripartite states, in simple bulk nonlinear sources.
Excited state geometry of β-carotene influenced by environments: the nature and decisive role of solvent revealing by two-dimensional resonance Raman correlation spectroscopy
Authors: Gong Nan , Yao Fei , Wang Jue , Fang Wenhui , Sun Chenglin , Men Zhiwei
Published: October 2020

Resonance Raman scattering can be used to investigate the ground and excited state information of carotenoid. It is known that the Dushinsky rotation can significantly influence the resonant Raman intensity of β-carotene (β-car). The excited state geometry revealed by the double components feature of the C = C stretching vibrational modes and the environmental dependence of the Raman intensity for each component remain unknown. We explore the influence of environmental factors on the relative intensity of these two C = C stretching vibration modes and perform two-dimensional resonance Raman correlation analysis to reveal the changes on β-car excited state geometry. The results show that the relative wavelength difference between the 0-0 absorption and the excitation is the key factor that decides the intensity ratio of the two components and that the intensity of each mode is modulated by environmental factors. This modulation is closely related to the excited state geometry and dynamics, effective conjugation length, and electron-phonon coupling constant. It also shows that the asynchronous cross-peaks in the two-dimensional resonance Raman correlation spectrum (2DRRCOS) can effectively characterize the degree of the varied electron-phonon coupling with the changing conditions. These results are not only complementary to the research on the excited states of carotenoids but also applicable to investigate the environmental dependence of Raman intensity for a lot of π-conjugated molecules.
High-speed Ge/Si electro-absorption optical modulator in C-band operation wavelengths
Authors: Fujikata Junichi , Noguchi Masataka , Kawashita Kazuki , Katamawari Riku , Takahashi Shigeki , Nishimura Michiharu , Ono Hideki , Shimura Daisuke , Takahashi Hiroyuki , Yaegashi Hiroki , Nakamura Takahiro , Ishikawa Yasuhiko
Published: October 2020

We studied a high-speed electro-absorption optical modulator (EAM) of a Ge layer evanescently coupled with a Si waveguide (Si WG) of a lateral pn junction for high-bandwidth optical interconnect. By decreasing the widths of selectively grown Ge layers below 1 µm, we demonstrated a high-speed modulation of 56 Gbps non-return-to-zero (NRZ) and 56 Gbaud pulse amplitude modulation 4 (PAM4) EAM operation in the C-band wavelengths, in contrast to the L-band wavelengths operations in previous studies on EAMs of pure Ge on Si. From the photoluminescence and Raman analyses, we confirmed an increase in the direct bandgap energy for such a submicron Ge/Si stack structure. The operation wavelength for the Ge/Si stack structure of a Ge/Si EAM was optimized by decreasing the device width below 1-µm and setting the post-growth anneal condition, which would contribute to relaxing the tensile-strain of a Ge layer on a Si WG and broadening the optical bandwidths for Franz-Keldysh (FK) effect with SiGe alloy formation.
Optical color image encryption based on a voice key under the framework of speckle-illuminated Fourier ptychography
Authors: Su Yonggang , Xu Wenjun , Zhao Jie
Published: October 2020

In this paper, an optical color image encryption scheme based on a voice key under the framework of speckle-illuminated Fourier ptychography is proposed. The human voice serves as the secret key directly, and the random phase masks generated from the human voice using the chaotic map and secure hash algorithm are just used as interim variables. With the help of voice-based random phase masks located at different diffraction distances, the primary color image can be encrypted into a series of noise-like intensity cipher images under different speckle patterns’ illumination. During the decryption process, the primary color image can be recovered from the noise-like intensity cipher images with a Fourier ptychographic recovery algorithm, voice-based random phase masks, and their conjugate. Since the voice key is strongly linked with the user, it does not need need to be transmitted from the sender to the authorized receiver via the networks. The security of the proposed encryption scheme will be enhanced greatly. Additionally, the speckle patterns for illumination and diffraction distances can also provide additional security to the proposed encryption scheme. Simulation results and analysis show that the proposed encryption scheme has high security and can resist some common attacks.
Scaled Out Optically Switched Edge Datacenters Using Integrated Optics MEMS Low Radix Optical Switches
Authors: Ménard François D.
Published: October 2020

Performance of scaled out edge datacenters using in Top-of-Racks low radix optical switches, is compared to embedded them in PICs with integrated tunable lasers and DWDM demultiplexers and connected by passive optical fiber full shuffles.
Analytical Modelling of Resonantly Holmium-doped Fiber Amplifiers: the Influence of Upconversion Process
Authors: Khamis M A , Alabbasi Ziad
Published: October 2020

In this study, a theoretical model of resonantly pumped holmium-doped fiber amplifiers (HDFAs) is presented. This model is developed to consider the impact of energy transfer up-conversion on the HDFAs performance.
Mathematical approach for the design of emissive points distributions for holographic retinal projection devices
Authors: Rainouard Fabian , Martinez Christophe , Meynard Basile
Published: October 2020

We present a mathematical approach to represent emissive points distributions for a retinal projection display. We study the shapes of waveguides and electrodes and the mathematical methods to find their intersections which represent the emissive points distributions.
Broadcast and Select Reconfigurable Spatial Add Drop Multiplexer for Spatial Channel Ring Network
Authors: Ishikawa Tsubasa , Kodama Takahiro , Jinno Masahiko
Published: October 2020

We report a novel reconfigurable spatial add/drop multiplexer with a broadcast-and-select configuration for future spatial channel ring networks. A prototype is demonstrated using a 1×2 multicore-fiber splitter and a 1×2 core selective switch.
How an Acousto-Optic Modulator can be used as a Spatial Light Modulator
Authors: Braverman Boris , Liu Xialin , Boyd Robert W.
Published: October 2020

We generate arbitrary 1-dimensional spatial modes of light using an acousto-optic modulator to control the optical wavefront of a laser pulse, realizing a spatial light modulator with 50 µm pixel pitch and fast refresh rate.
Optical Switching in Data Centers
Authors: Papen George C.
Published: October 2020

The necessary conditions for the widespread deployment of optical circuit switching within data centers are discussed. Matching the speed of the optical switch to the control plane that synchronizes packet transmissions is highlighted.
Fast 2 × 2 Mach-Zehnder Switch for Optical Interconnect Applications
Authors: Kouissi Marouan , Charbonnier Benoit , Algani Catherine
Published: October 2020

We present a 2 × 2 Mach-Zehnder switch circuit fabricated on LETI’s 200 mm Silicon Photonic platform. We demonstrate short switching time (1.5 ns), low optical crosstalk (<-31.3 dB) and low insertion loss (1.2 dB).
1024-way Split, 70-km PAM4 Transmission for PON Uplink Using Cascaded SOAs and Volterra Nonlinear Equalization
Authors: Shimizu Satoshi , Shinada Satoshi
Published: October 2020

The effect of split-and-gain allocation for two SOAs was investigated. 128- and 8-way split for 1-st and 2-nd stage configuration achieved the bit-error-rate of under 10-3 at 20-Gbit/s PAM4.
10-GSamples/s Cascaded Operation of Photonic D/A and A/D Converters Using Frequency Chirp in SOAs
Authors: Okada Takuya , Kobayashi Ryuichi , Rui Wang , Sagara Masaki , Matsuura Motoharu
Published: October 2020

To show the feasibility of our presented photonic digital-to-analog (D/A) and analog-to-digital (A/D) converters using frequency chirp in SOAs, 10-GSample/s cascaded operation of the photonic D/A and A/D converters is experimentally demonstrated.
Spectral optimization for human-centric lighting using a genetic algorithm and a modified Monte Carlo method
Authors: Hu Wenye , Davis Wendy
Published: October 2020

The performance of two approaches, a genetic algorithm and a modified Monte Carlo method, for quickly optimizing spectra for desired chromaticity, luminous flux and circadian effect are compared when applied to a 10-channel LED system.
A Solar Compass for Enhancing the Efficiency of Concentrating Solar Power Plants
Authors: Murra Daniele , Bollanti Sarah , Andreoli Fabrizio , Cafarella Lili , De Meis Domenico , Di Lazzaro Paolo , Di Mauro Domenico , Flora Francesco , Gallerano Gian Piero , Mezi Luca , Murra Luca , Vicca Davide , Zirizzotti Achille
Published: October 2020

a solar compass is presented, which determines the true North direction with an accuracy of 0.01°. It is compact, fast and low-cost and can also drive a solar panel for continuously aiming at the Sun
Realization of Flexible Ultraviolet Organic Light-Emitting Diodes: Design Considerations
Authors: Lee Donggyun , Park Jaehyeok , Lee Woochan , Yoo Seunghyup
Published: October 2020

Flexible ultraviolet organic light-emitting diodes are realized by applying top emission structure and thin silver top electrode. Flexible devices exhibit a peak wavelength at ca. 377nm and radiant current efficiency over 20mW/sr/A.
Free-Space Concentration of Diffused Light
Authors: Einhaus L. M. , Saive R.
Published: October 2020

We present a new strategy to concentrate diffused light in free space based on luminophore doped waveguides with nanophotonic surface control. Waveguides are designed to allow for escape under a specific escape cone.
Experimental Study of a natural lighting system constructed with a Toroidal Parabolic Concentrator
Authors: Ortega A. Balbuena , Castro J. Carlos , Portilla J.A. del Rio
Published: October 2020

Under lab and real sky conditions, a novel solar lighting system formed by a Toroidal Parabolic Concentrator and optical fibers is studied. The full system performance and characteristics were obtained.
Anionic exchange route to synthesize highly uniform, stable and luminescent MAPBr nanoparticles
Authors: Munir Muhammad , Arbi Ramis , Scharber Markus Clark , Salinas Yolanda , Sariciftci Niyazi Serdar , Turak Ayse
Published: October 2020

MAPBr (Methylammonium lead bromide) nanoparticles were produced using reverse micelle nanoreactors, taking advantage of anionic substitution. As the reverse micelles slows down the reaction kinetics, it is possible to obtain uniform, monodispersed spherical nanoparticles..
Label-free non-linear imaging through a multimode fiberendoscope
Authors: Trägårdh Johanna , Pikálek Tomáš , Cifuentes Angel , Meyer Tobias , Akimov Denis , Popp Jürgen , Čizmár Tomáš
Published: October 2020

A GRIN multimode fiber (125 μm diameter, 0.29 NA) is transformed into a laser scanning microscope using wave-front shaping on an SLM. We demonstrate label-free non-linear microscopy, namely coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) and SHG.
3D Numerical Analyses of Multimode Acoustic Coupling in Standard and Specialty Optical Fibres
Authors: Silva Ricardo Ezequiel da , Webb David John
Published: October 2020

High frequency interaction of acoustic modes in optical fibres is revealed by numerical simulations for the first time. Details computed with the finite element method point to the next generation of microscale all-fibre acousto-optic devices.
Highly sensitive orientation and amplitude discerning vector bending sensor based on asymmetric multicore fiber
Authors: Amorebieta Josu , Ortega-Gomez Angel , Durana Gaizka , Antonio-Lopez Enrique , Schülzgen Axel , Zubia Joseba , Amezcua-Correa Rodrigo , Villatoro Joel
Published: October 2020

A very sensitive orientation and amplitude discerning vector bending sensor based on asymmetric multicore fiber is demonstrated by combining simultaneous wavelength and light power measurements with a maximum sensitivity of 2720 pm/º and 852 nW/º.