bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FEATURES OF THE SEASONAL DYNAMICS OF PHYTOPLANKTON AT THE LEFT BANK OF THE VOLGA REACH OF KUIBYSHEV RESERVOIR (REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN, RF)
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan,   Russia, Khaliullina Liliya Yunusovna
Published: December 2020

Biocenosis of shallow waters of lowland reservoirs lives in various habitat regimes and are characterized by a special structural and functional organization. To fully elucidate these features, it is necessary to research several hydrologically different areas simultaneously. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of seasonal dynamics on the phytoplankton community of the Volga reach of the Kuibyshev reservoir near the left bank. During the observation period, 112 taxa were found in the phytoplankton of the studied site. The greatest number of taxa were identified from the groups of diatoms (44%) and green (28%) algae. Some other less diverse groups are blue-green (16%), Chrysophyta (6%), cryptophyta and dinophyta (3%), etc. Cosmopolitan and planktonic species of algae prevail in terms of environmentally-geographical characteristics. Concerning halobility, most species are indifferent, and in terms of pH, the most common are the indifferent alkaliphile + alkalibiontic algae. The total abundance and biomass of planktonic algae range 8.49-1661.09 mln.cl./l and 10.28 -114.11 mg/l respectively. Some important dominant species are blue-green algae Microcystis aeruginosa f. flos-aquae, Aphanizomenon flos-aquae, Anabaena flos-aquae, Anabaena scheremetievi, Aulacoseira italica, Navicula sp., Carteria globosa, Chlamydomonas sp., Pandorina morum, Scenedesmus guadricauda. Seasonal dynamics of phytoplankton have two peaks of abundance and biomass which are at the end of the first decade of July and in the second decade of August. Both maxima are due to the massive development of blue-green algae, which causes water to “bloom”. The phytoplankton of the investigated section of the Kuibyshev reservoir is dominated by β-mesosaprobic organisms.
EFFECT OF SOIL AND GROWTH CLIMATIC CONDITIONS ON VITAMIN CONTENT OF RED CLOVER (Trifolium pratense L.)
Authors:   Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia, Mikhailov Alexander Leonidovich , Timofeeva Olga Arnoldovna ,   Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia, Ogorodnova Uliana Aleksandrovna ,   Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia, Stepanov Nikita Sergeevich ,   Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
Published: December 2020

The current study was conducted to estimate the effect of soil and growth climatic conditions on the vitamin content of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.). Further, in vitamins, the content of ascorbic acid and vitamin A (provitamin – carotene) was estimated from the aerial parts of the clover. Ascorbic acid is a powerful antioxidant, antiviral, and antitumor vitamin while vitamin A is a useful vitamin for eyesight. Ascorbic acid content in the red clover tissues was determining potassium hexacyanoferrate method while Provitamin A and total carotenoid was estimated by spectrophotometric method. Results of the study revealed that the highest content of vitamins C was found in the plant grown under the climatic conditions of the southern taiga subzone of the Atninsky and in the zone of deciduous forests (Apastovsky and Kamsko-Ustinsky districts) while the plant is grown under the coniferous-deciduous forests (Zelenodolsky district) climatic conditions are a rich source of vitamin A. From the results of the study, it can conclude the soil and growing conditions especially temperature regime and soil moisture affected the level of vitamins in red clover.
ALPHA(1)-ADRENOCEPTORS ACTIVATION DECREASES MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTILITY IN NEWBORN RATS
Authors:   Department of Human Health,  Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia, Khabibrakhmanov Insaf Ilkhamovich , Kuptsova Anna Mihailovna ,   Department of Human Health,  Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia, Ziyatdinova Nafisa Ilgizovna ,   Department of Human Health,  Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia, Mansur Nur ,   Department of Human Health,  Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia, Zefirov Timur Lvovich ,   Department of Human Health,  Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
Published: December 2020

Alpha(1)-adrenergic receptors (α1-AR) are found in cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells of humans and animals. Despite the fact that α1-AR make up 10% of the total number of adrenergic receptors, these receptors also involved in the regulation of inotropic and chronotropic functions of the heart. According to some scientists, the effects of α1-AR activation are not required for the basal contractile function of the heart while other group of researchers believe that α1-AR can be considered as cardioprotective targets; in particular, it is postulated that the α1A-subtype of adrenergic receptors can provide significant inotropic support in cardiac pathologies. This study was carried out on 6-7-day-old outbred newborn rat pups to evaluate the effect of alpha(1)-adrenoceptors activation on the myocardial contractility in newborn rats. For this, Alpha1-adrenergic receptors were stimulated by the pharmacological drug methoxamine at concentrations of 10-9-10-6 mol and the reaction of the contractile force of the strips of myocardium ventricles and heart atria in response to the agonist was investigated. Results of study revealed that stimulation of alpha1-adrenergic receptors, regardless of the methoxamine concentration, led to a negative inotropic reaction of the myocardium of atria and ventricles of newborn rat pups. This study showed unidirectional inotropic responses on rat atrial and ventricular myocardium in response to α1-adrenergic receptors stimulation. Methoxamine smoothly reduces the contractile force of the strips of myocardium atria and ventricles. At the same time, the concentration dependence on the inotropic reaction of the myocardium was observed. Results of study suggested that probably α1-adrenergic receptors along with the main regulators β-adrenergic receptors carry out fine tuning of the heart activity.
Loss of Corneal Endothelial Cells during Glaucoma Surgery
Authors: Shaposhnikova I. V. , Gazizova I. R. , Kuroyedov A. V. , Seleznev A. V. , Lovpache D. N.
Published: December 2020

As known, there are changes in the biomechanical properties of the fibrous tunic in glaucoma. This is also due to the imbalance between the formation and loss of collagen fibers. The cornea is a highly sensitive tunic of the eyeball, endothelium is one of the target organs in the formation of pathological changes in primary open-angle glaucoma, and endothelial dysfunction, according to many authors, plays a significant role in its pathogenesis. The unintended consequences of glaucoma surgery lead to a progressive loss of corneal endothelial cells, which can lead to corneal decompensation. In the proposed literature review, we analyzed more than 30 publications by authors representing the results of multicenter studies of the pathological effects of antiglaucoma operations on the corneal endothelium in patients with various types of uncompensated glaucoma. The analysis of both classic fistulizing type operations and modern, so-called micro-invasive techniques (MIGS), including the use of various drains and devices, is presented. Thus, the smallest decrease in the density of endothelial cells was noted during deep sclerectomy and trabeculectomy. The use of mitomycin C in glaucoma surgery significantly improving the prognosis, but increases the loss of endothelial cells in both high and low concentrations. The highest rates of loss of corneal endothelial cells are noted during using valves and shunts. Ex-PRESS shunt implantation is associated with a significant loss of corneal endothelial cell density in the immediate area to the drainage tube, and therefore, shunt implantation should not be considered as an option for eyes with corneal dysfunction. In addition, the authors prove that the drainage device changes its position in the anterior chamber, especially when performing massage and self-massage of filtration bleb, which leads to a greater loss of density of corneal endothelial cells.
Improved Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Phacoemulsification of Hard Nucleus Cataract
Authors: Yousef Yu. N. , Voronin G. V. , Yousef S. N. , Vvedenskiy A. S. , Alkharki L. , Shkolyarenko N. Y. , Reznikova E. V.
Published: December 2020

Purpose: The development and clinical study of improved femtosecond laser-assisted phacoemulsification (PE) technology of hard nucleus cataract.

Patients and methods. Improved femtosecond laser-assisted PE of hard nucleus cataract performed in 83 patients (93 eyes) (1st group), known femtosecond laser-assisted PE technique performed in 72 patients (78 eyes) (2nd group), torsional PE performed in 81 patients (89 eyes) (3rd group). The degree of intraoperative myosis, effective ultrasound time, corneal endothelial cell loss were evaluated in all groups.

Results. Femtosecond laser-assisted PE is an effective technique for hard nucleus cataract removal, which can significantly reduce the energy ultrasonic load on the eye tissue. The proposed method for the instillation of prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors and the observance of the minimum possible interval between the first and second stages of the operation can prevent significant intraoperative narrowing of the pupil. A significant narrowing of the pupil by more than 2 mm after the femtolaser stage was noted in 7 (7.5 %) cases in the 1st group of patients, in 15 (16.9 %) cases in the 2nd group, in 5 (6.4 %) cases in the 3rd group. The results of the study has shown a significant decrease in the effective ultrasound time for a femtosecond laser-assisted PE compared with a torsional PE. The effective ultrasound time was in the 1st group (improved technology of femtosecond laser-assisted PE) — 3.81 ± 0.75, in the 2nd group (known technology of the femtosecond laser-assisted PE) — 5.23 ± 1.07 s (p < 0.05), in the 3rd group (OZil technology) — 8.67 ± 1.83 s (p < 0.05). The decrease in the effective ultrasound time has become a determining factor in reducing the loss of corneal endothelial cells in both femtosecond laser-assisted PE technologies compared to torsional PE. The average loss of corneal endothelial cells 3 months after surgery was 8.7 ± 1.8 % in the 1st group, 10.3 ± 2.1% in the 2nd group, 13.5 ± 2.7 % (p < 0.05) in the 3rd group of patients.

Conclusion. The proposed improved technology contributes to the solution of some problems that characterize femtosecond laser-assisted PE, and also helps to reduce the effective ultrasound time and the loss of corneal endothelial cells.
Influence of Various Factors on Results on Phenylephrine Test
Authors: Potyomkin V. V. , Goltsman E. V.
Published: December 2020

Phenylephrine test is one of the main factors determining the possibility of performing superior tarsal muscle resection. However, the influence of various factors on its result remains unexplored.

Aim. To evaluate the effect of patient age, degree of ptosis, and levator muscle function on the result of the phenylephrine test.

Patients and methods. 45 patients were examined (64 eyelids). The following examinations were performed for all patients: assessment of the degree of ptosis, levator muscle function and the phenylephrine test.

Results. Age and the degree of ptosis do not affect the results of the phenylephrine test. Reduced levator muscle function leads to a decrease of the phenylephrine test results.

Conclusion. The phenylephrine test remains an important criteria for patient selection for the planning superior tarsal muscle resection. Levator muscle function does affect the phenylephrine test result.
Features of the Retina Light Sensitivity in Patients with Chronic Cerebral Ischemia, Depending on the Stage of Discirculatory Encephalopathy with the Use of a Neuropeptide
Authors: Frolov M. A. , Gasankhanova A. M.
Published: December 2020

Objective. Our study was to examine the degree of the light sensitivity impairment of the retina in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia, as well as to reveal the dynamics of these disorders on the background of the neuropeptide, depending on the stage of vascular encephalopathy.

Patients and methods. Comparative analysis of visual function was conducted in 70 persons (140 eyes). Patients were divided into 2 groups, each group is divided into two subgroups. To study the light sensitivity of the retina used automatic computer perimeter Hamphrey Field Analyzer HFA II — I Series (model 610, ZEISS, Germany).

Results. As a result of quantifying visual field defects in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia at 2 and 3 tbsp. vascular encephalopathy before treatment received preferential reduction of the light sensitivity of the retina in the temporal halves When comparing manual data with chronic cerebral ischemia patients 2 and 3 stadies vascular encephalopathy control group no significant differences before and after treatment have been identified. However, it is important to note that after 6 months treatment in the same group showed a slight increase in absolute numbers of cattle. In the control group using Cortexin observed reduction in the amount of absolute cattle.

Conclusions. The light sensitivity of the retina in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia decreases as the disease progresses, with a primary lesion of the temporal halves of the visual fields. The improvement in the computer perimetry during the treatment, especially in combination with cortexin can be attributed to the normalization of the retina cellular structures, improving the transfer of information and the partial restoration of the disturbed functions, which indicates the relative ischemia is reversible processes, which is effective in patients with stage 2 or 3 vascular encephalopathy.
ASSESSING SOUND-MUFFLING CHARACTERISTICS OF FLY-ASH NANO-PARTICLE REINFORCED EPOXY RESIN COMPOSITES
Authors: DUROWAYE Stephen , SEKUNOWO Olatunde , TİAMİYU Jelili , POPOOLA Samuel
Published: December 2020

Effective reduction and
control of noise have continued to attract attention globally due to the
adverse effects noise poses to human health, effective knowledge dissemination
and desirable environmental tranquility. The use of natural and synthetic reinforced
composites in noise pollution control is an emerging area of research. In this
study, coal fly-ash in nanoparticles varied at 5 – 25 wt. % was employed as
reinforcement in the fabrication of epoxy resin composites. The composites were
characterised both for noise reduction capability and mechanical properties
necessary for a damage-free handling during installation. Results showed that at
5 – 15 wt. % fly-ash nanoparticles addition, the composites demonstrated the
following mechanical properties in terms of flexural strength, 43.7 MPa; impact
energy, 4.8 J and hardness, 25.4 HV. Samples of the composites at 15 wt. %
exhibited the highest noise reduction coefficient (NRC) of 0.8072. Contributions to these levels of performances
appeared to have stemmed from the nature (connected or isolated) and dispersion
of pores induced in the material during mixing and subsequent curing. The
composites are adjudged suitable for deployment as noise muffling material in
facilities that are usually subjected to low mechanical system noise sources.
GAMMA RADIATION SHIELDING PROPERTIES OF NATURAL GLASS OBSIDIAN
Authors: BİLGİCİ CENGİZ (EKER) Gülçin , ÇAĞLAR İlyas , BİLİR Gökhan
Published: December 2020

The present study was carried out to estimate gamma radiation shielding properties of natural glass obsidian. For this purpose, linear attenuation coefficient, mass attenuation coefficient, mean free path, half-value layer, tenth-value layer, effective atomic number and effective electron number values of obsidian samples in black and brown colors were experimentally measured for 661.66, 1172.23 and 1332.48 keV gamma ray energies obtained from 137Cs, and 60Co radioactive sources. Measurements were performed at narrow-beam transmission geometry using a NaI(Tl) scintillation detector. In addition, all these parameters were theoretically calculated by using WinXCOM program in the energy region of 0.015 to 15 MeV. A good agreement was observed between theoretical and experimental values. Furthermore, energy absorption and exposure buildup factors (EABF and EBF) of obsidian specimens were determined in the energy range of 0.015 to 15 MeV using G-P fitting method. Finally, it can be concluded that these naturally occurring volcanic glasses can be used for radiation shielding applications.
A MACHINE-LEARNING-BASED MODEL FOR FORECASTING MEDICAL DEVICE FOREIGN TRADE
Authors: BAYRAK Tuncay
Published: December 2020

Forecasting the medical device foreign trade is a very important issue and a challenging problem due to many external artifacts in the medical device market for making an efficient policy. Many reports, including the simple statistical based methods do not provide sufficient forecasting for foreign trade and this problem may be solved using a machine-learning based approach. The purpose of this study is to introduce an efficient model for forecasting medical device foreign trade. In this respect, export and import data obtained with 54 different commodity codes were performed using some machine-learning algorithms. The best prediction performance was achieved with SVM regression model with the average R2=0.974 and for the last five years. In 2025, total medical device exports and imports are expected to be $1.03 billion and $2.12 billion, respectively. We also performed Market Penetration Index and Product Diversification Index to analyze medical device foreign trade.
Racism Measurement Framework: A Tool for Public Health Action and Accountability
Authors: Nawaz Saira , Moon Kyle J. , Seiber Eric , Trinh Anne , Bennett Suellen , Joseph Joshua J.
Published: December 2020

Racism is a principal determinant of health inequity, but recent events have galvanized local and state leaders across Ohio to declare racism a public health emergency. In addition to the renewed call to racial justice, sustained progress will require ongoing measurement to determine which anti-racist efforts are working, and why. In this review, we present existing measures categorized by 3 dimensions of racism that interact and build off of one another: (1) systemic racism, considering the health effects of policies in housing, voting, criminal legal system, economic opportunity, and health care; (2) interpersonal racism, and measures of provider bias and cultural competency; (3) internalized racism, measured as allostatic stress and heightened vigilance in distinct contexts. After identifying knowledge gaps, we developed a racism measurement framework that more comprehensively depicts the disparities caused by racism within Ohio and can be used to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of anti-racist efforts implemented across the state. As such, this framework provides not only a call for action against racism in Ohio, but an opportunity for organizations to measure the extent to which efforts have intervened on supposedly entrenched pathways to health inequities and disparities caused by racism.
Processing Oxford Nanopore Long Reads Using Amazon Web Services
Authors: Shapovalova V.V. , Radko S.P. , Ptitsyn K.G. , Krasnov G.S. , Nakhod K.V. , Konash O.S , Vinogradina M.A. , Ponomarenko E.A. , Druzhilovskiy D.S. , Lisitsa A.V.
Published: December 2020

Studies of genomes and transcriptomes are performed using sequencers that read the sequence of nucleotide residues of genomic DNA, RNA, or complementary DNA (cDNA). The analysis consists of an experimental part (obtaining primary data) and bioinformatic processing of primary data. The bioinformatics part is performed with different sets of input parameters. The selection of the optimal values of the parameters, as a rule, requires significant computing power. The article describes a protocol for processing transcriptome data by virtual computers provided by the cloud platform Amazon Web Services (AWS) using the example of the recently emerging technology of long DNA and RNA sequences (Oxford Nanopore Technology). As a result, a virtual machine and instructions for its use have been developed, thus allowing a wide range of molecular biologists to independently process the results obtained using the "Oxford nanopore".
State and Challenges for the Development of Cooperation in Science and Technology between Russia and China
Authors: Danilin I. V.
Published: December 2020

Purpose: the main purpose of this article is to analyze the state and prospects of science and technology (S&T) cooperation between the Russian Federation and the PRC in the context of the global S&T cooperation trends.

Methods: research is based on a combination of desk and field methods. The article is based on the data from official documents of the Russian Federation, state companies, institutions for development, and other structures, as well as media sources. A series of non-focused expert interviews with representatives of the innovation and expert community, linked to Russia-China S&T cooperation, was also conducted.

Results: the main trends and directions of the S&T cooperation between Russia and China in 2000–2020s have been identified, including: large projects in traditional medium- and high-tech industries; horizontal academic cooperation; bilateral activities in developing innovation infrastructure (science parks, investment funds, etc.); tech activities of big corporations – with special focus on Huawei. Several factors, limiting the potential of bilateral S&T cooperation, were identified. Among the most important are: differences in the structure of real (not declarative) S&T priorities; weak complementarity of both economies and unwillingness to form harmonized trade and investment regimes (also because of the different size of Russian and Chinese economies); the techno-nationalist ideology of state policies of both nations; mismatching areas of scientific leadership that impedes synergy in academic research. The fragmentation and insufficient financial support of the Russian S&T and innovation sectors are noted as separate factors.

Conclusions and Relevance: despite high mutual interest in intensification of Russia-China dialogue is declared, there are clear limits for bilateral S&T cooperation. Existing restrictions predetermines the preservation of a relatively small scale of S&T cooperation for the foreseeable future, with P2P interactions of groups of actors at its core. However, some of these interactions may be large-scale and long-term, as is the case of Huawei. One of the ways to change this dynamic (not saying about urgent need to optimize economic situation in Russia) is to develop a comprehensive strategy of cooperation with China – with subsequent focus on a small group of most important initiatives and creating favorable conditions for interaction of private and academic actors.
Pharmaceutical Industry Development in the Midst of Crisis: Global Trends
Authors: Mamedyarov Z. A.
Published: December 2020

Purpose: the main purpose of the article was to study the trends in the global pharmaceutical industry, as one of the most knowledge-intensive in the world economy, against the background of the 2020 COVID-related crisis. The task was to study the impact of the economic crisis on the priorities of the largest pharmaceutical multinationals, to link them with trends in the restructuring of health care systems, as well as to analyze and assess the potential impact of Brexit on the European pharma industry, starting from 2021.

Methods: the work is based on a comparative analysis of trends in the restructuring of global value chains in pharmaceuticals, the digitalization of pharmaceuticals and health care, as well as a quantitative analysis of the revenue and value added by the largest European pharmaceutical multinational companies.

Results: the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the process of digitalization of big pharma; the intensified transition to a continuous production model can be expected in the coming years. Also, the second largest industry market, the EU-27, will suffer less from Brexit than the UK itself, and industries in developing countries will benefit from additional growth opportunities. The digitalization of healthcare remains an important underlying factor for the transformation of pharmaceuticals and further growth of innovation competition. This paper presents the problems of pharma and how to address them, as well as possible ways to restructure healthcare systems to reduce the likelihood of new pandemics – this will be at the heart of regulatory solutions in the medium term.

Conclusions and Relevance: governments and state regulators will be actively involved in the process of recovery of the pharmaceutical industry after the crisis. For small regional pharmaceutical producers in developing countries there is a growing need to digitalize production and diversify supply chains. Implementation of continuous production technologies allows expecting growth in the number of small pharmaceutical producers, deepening competition in the industry. The Brexit deal will also have significant implications for the industry, leading to a restructuring of supply chains within the EU from early 2021, reducing the UK's competitiveness.
Biçim Sıfatlarında Etkin Alan Kurulumları: Yuvarlak Sıfatı Örneği
Authors: GÜNDOĞDU Ayşe Eda
Published: December 2020

Anlam üretim sürecinde bireyin algısını ve bilişsel düzlemini en önemli değişken olarak ele alan bilişsel anlambilim çalışmaları özellikle son on yılda büyük bir ivme kazanmıştır. Psikoloji alanındaki kuramlardan da yararlanarak anlamın algı ve kavramlaştırmaya ilişkin bir üretim olduğunu savunan söz konusu disiplin çerçevesinde ortaya konan terimlerden biri de etkin alanlardır. Etkin alan kurulumları büyük oranda sıfatlar ve eylemler üzerinde gözlemlenmekle beraber, sıfatlarda etkin alanlar sıfat ve gönderimde bulunduğu ada ilişkin bilişsel eşleşmelerin hangi koşullarda ve ne şekilde çeşitlenebileceğini ortaya koymaya yardımcı olan bilişsel bir yapılanma olarak ele alınabilir. Bu çalışmada Türkçe biçim sıfatlarında etkin alan kurulumundaki dinamikleri yuvarlak sıfatı üzerinden ortaya koymak amaçlanmaktadır. Bu perspektifle araştırma konusu sıfatın Türkçe Ulusal Derlemi v3 (TUD v3) aracılığıyla bağımlı dizin görünümlerinden yararlanılmış ve söz konusu bağımlı dizinlerdeki kurulumlar içerik analizi yöntemiyle çözümlenmiştir.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Fluorescent Schiff Base Functionalized Carbon Dot Composite for The Removal Of Cd(II) Ions From Aqueous Solution: Equilibrium and Kinetic Studies.
Authors: NWORIE Felıx , EBUNOHA Jane
Published: December 2020

In this study, bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine (SALEN) functionalized carbon dot derived from waste banana peels was synthesized using facile hydrothermal technique and the optical biomarker and adsorption properties of the highly fluorescent red nanomaterial studied. The carbon dot and its functionalized counterpart were characterized using FTIR, SEM/EDX and UV-Visible technique. Evaluation of the optical properties of the yellowish brown carbon dot and reddish highly luminescent functionalized carbon dot indicated band gap energy values of 1.85 and 2.04 eV respectively. Extraneous variables such as effect of initial metal ion concentration, pH and contact time were studied in the batch extraction process for the sorption of Cd(II) ions from aqueous solution. The sorption of Cd(II) ion was observed to be highest at pH 5 with 99.3 % removal efficiency. The adsorption isotherm and kinetic models indicated interplay of physisorption and chemisorption processes. The mechanism for the chelation of Cd(II) ions onto the surface of the functionalized carbon dot was mainly governed by inner aphere chelation and ion exchange. Reusability of the material was evaluated using adsorption-desorption experiments. Result of the study indicated the potential of the functionalized carbon dot as (i) semiconductor materials with strong photoluminescence at the visible region which could be used as environmental biomarker and as sensor (ii) effective, efficient and low cost adsorbent for remediating Cd(II) ions contaminated environment.
Sombras de humanidad: la proyección mítica de Jack el Destripador en From Hell de Alan Moore y Eddie Campbell
Authors: Ballesteros González Antonio
Published: December 2020

El presente artículo analiza la relevancia mítica del tristemente célebre Jack el Destripador tal y como su figura se ve reflejada en From Hell, la prestigiosa novela gráfica de Alan Moore y Eddie Campbell, publicada por primera vez entre 1989 y 1998 por la editorial Kitchen Sink Press en los EE.UU. Obra maestra del noveno arte, impregnada de intertextualidad y de múltiples significados, From Hell constituye, entre otras interpretaciones, una acerba denuncia de la sociedad victoriana profundamente escindida y dual que propició el surgimiento del primer asesino en serie moderno. La obra indaga en la atracción del mal y en la transformación del Destripador en fenómeno mediático, lo que contribuyó a convertirlo en un mito cuya ubicua y proteica presencia ha llegado hasta nuestros días, como prueban las numerosas recreaciones literarias, cinematográficas, televisivas y, en general, artísticas de la figura del asesino múltiple, dando lugar a tendencias en extremo populares, como el género “true crime”.
El Lucifer de Neil Gaiman como caso límite de los estudios de adaptación
Authors: López Lizana Alejandro
Published: December 2020

El objetivo de este artículo es el de analizar los procesos de intertextualidad que conciernen al personaje de Lucifer Morningstar y la problemática continuidad de los mismos desde el cómic The Sandman (1989-96) hasta el spin-off Lucifer (1999) y la adaptación televisiva homónima (2016-actualidad). Es de destacar que las distintas fuentes empleadas por Neil Gaiman para diseñar su Lucifer (que van desde la literatura clásica y la tradición bíblica hasta los superhéroes de DC) no ejercieron una influencia constante a lo largo de The Sandman, sino que el peso de cada una fluctuó con los años. Así, las tres apariciones del personaje constituyen tres versiones semiindependientes del mismo, siendo la última la que sirvió de base para las adaptaciones posteriores. En la serie para televisión, esto desemboca en un complicado equilibrio intertextual con respecto al cómic original y su herencia cultural común: al apelar tanto a los lectores del cómic como al espectador casual (familiarizado solo con el mito del demonio judeocristiano), es necesario mantener múltiples “lealtades” imposibles de reducir a cadenas de recepción convencionales. Todo ello hace de Lucifer un caso ejemplar para los estudios de adaptación, en tanto que permite ilustrar varias situaciones límite asociadas a esta práctica.
THE PRESUMPTION OF INNOCENCE WITH GENERAL PRINCIPLES: A REVIEW CONSIDERING THE COUNCIL OF STATE’S DECISIONS
Authors: ÇAYAN Gökhan
Published: December 2020

The presumption of innocence is accepted by its position in all international and regional human rights treaties as a standard of fair trials, which similar to that Continental Law System. According to Anglo-Saxsons Law System, the presumption is described in principle of burden and standard of proof. Whereas; the presumption of innocence in every legal system may not be understood as an accepted by Anglo- Saxons and Continental Law Systems. A level of abstraction is necessary, for accepted to common principle, a search for the minimum standard that universally hold. According to this minimum standard level; the presumption has long been regarded as fundamental to protecting accused persons from wrongful conviction; and the basic principle is that the accused is to be considered innocent until proven guilty of a criminal off er. Understanding the presumption of innocence is possible with determining the nature of the right. In this article, the presumption of innocence considering the Council of State decision is examined. There are general principles in fi rst part, the purposes of the presumption of innocence in second part, presumption in administrative law jurisdiction in third part and the Council of State decisions in fourth part.
TAKİP HUKUKUNDA İCRANIN GEÇİCİ DURDURULMASI
Authors: ALAÇAM Emel , DALDAL Ayten , İYİLİKLİ Ahmet Cahit
Published: December 2020

İcra ve İfl as Hukukunda, takip hukukuna ilişkin bir uyuşmazlığın

çözümü bağlamında ihtiyati tedbir mahiyetiyle takibin geçici

durdurulmasını öngören genel bir düzenleme mevcut değildir.

Şikâyet, cebri icra işleminin iptali yolu olup, kural olarak maddi

hukuka müteallik bir karar alınması söz konusu olmadığından, maddi

hukuk yönünden sonuç doğmayacak ve kural olarak doğrudan takibi

durdurma niteliğinden yoksun olacaktır. Zira haksız ve mesnetsiz

şikayet marifetiyle takipleri akamete uğratmak, cebri icranın amacına

aykırılık oluşturacaktır. Takibe karşı ödeme, mehil ve zamanaşımına

dayalı icranın geri bırakılması talepleri çalışma konumuzun dışındadır.

Nitekim İİK’nun 36. maddesi, İcra ve İfl as Kanunu’nda özel hüküm

bulunmadıkça (İİK’nun 97/14, 269/c, 276/2), icra mahkemesi kararları

hakkında uygulanmayacaktır. Dolayısıyla icra mahkemesi kararlarına

karşı kanun yoluna başvurulması satıştan başka icra muamelelerini

durdurmayacağından, biz bu başlık altında takibe karşı borçlunun

yapacağı şikayet ya da itiraz üzerine mahkeme ara kararı ile takibin

geçici olarak durdurulması hususunu tetkik edeceğiz. Bu sebeple eldeki

etüt, şikayet ve itiraz üzerine icra mahkemesi ile genel mahkemeler

tarafından ara kararı marifetiyle icranın geçici durdurulmasına matuf ve

mahsus olduğundan diğer konular ve bu bağlamda uzlaştırma suretiyle

yeniden yapılandırma ve konkordato talebi üzerine ticaret mahkemesi

tarafından tesis edilen takiplerin durdurulmasına matuf kararlar da

inceleme alanımızın şümulüne dahil olmayacaktır. İcra mahkemesi

kararıyla takibin geçici durdurulması, takibi mevcut haliyle dondurarak,

bir sonraki icra işleminin devamına engel olur, lakin bu kararın, takibin

geldiği aşamaya kadar ki sürece bir etkisi olmayacaktır. Örneğin haciz

yapılmış ise, takibin geçici durdurulması kararı, hacizlerin fekkini

sağlamayacaktır. Nitekim bu husus, alacaklı ve borçlu menfaatinin

dengelenmesi, silahların eşitliği ve ölçülülük ilkelerinin de bir gereğidir.

İcra takibinin geçici durdurulmasına mahsus tedbir mahiyetindeki ara

kararı ile İcra ve İfl as Kanunu 106 ve 110. maddelerindeki haciz ve satış

isteme süreleri de işlemeyecektir. Genel mahkemede görülen bir davada,

dava konusu hakkın cebri icrada satılacak olması eldeki davayı konusuz

bırakacak nitelikte olması ihtimalinde genel mahkeme satışın geçici

durdurulmasına karar verebilmelidir. İhtiyati tedbir kararı, malvarlığının

cebri icra ile satışına engel değil ise de, dava konusunun, dava dışı cebri

icra satışı ile konusuz kalacağı durumlarda mahkeme eldeki davanın

kesinleşmesine kadar satışın durdurulmasına karar verebilmelidir. Zira

ihtiyati tedbirde teminat altına alınan şey, dava konusunun bizatihi

kendisidir.
İCRA HUKUKUNDA ADİ ORTAKLIĞIN VE ORTAKLARIN TARAF DURUMU
Authors: PEKSÖZ Vildan
Published: December 2020

Adi ortaklığın tüzel kişiliği olmaması sebebiyle icra takiplerinde taraf

ehliyeti yoktur. Bu sebeple adi ortaklıkla ilgili takiplerde ortaklık taraf

olamaz. Ortaklar, alacaklı ve borçlu tarafta takip arkadaşlığı kurallarına

göre yer alırlar. Bu anlamda ortakların alacaklı tarafta bulunması

hâlinde mecburi takip arkadaşlığı; borçlu tarafta bulunması hâlinde ise

ihtiyari veya mecburi takip arkadaşlığı söz konusu olur. Adi ortaklık

adına başlatılmış bir takipte, taraf değişikliği yapılarak takibin tarafının

ortaklar olması sağlanabilir. Adi ortaklık takibin tarafı olamadığı gibi,

icra takip işlemlerinin de muhatabı olamaz. Bu yüzden ödeme emrinin

ortaklara tebliğ edilmesi gerekir. Aynı şekilde adi ortaklık adına haciz

ihbarnamesinin gönderilmesi geçerli değildir. Ayrıca takiple ilgili

diğer yargılamalarda da adi ortaklığın taraf olması mümkün değildir.

Adi ortaklığın taraf gösterildiği bir takibe ilişkin şikâyet başvurusunu

ortakların yapması gerekir. Bu yöndeki şikâyet başvurusunun adi

ortaklık adına yapılması durumunda başvuru reddedilmektedir. Bunun

gibi adi ortaklığın taraf gösterildiği itirazın iptali davasında ve itirazın

kaldırılması yolunda da usûlden ret kararı verilmektedir.
GÜMRÜK KANUNUNA AYKIRI OLARAK TAHAKKUK ETTİRİLEN VEYA TAHSİL EDİLEN GÜMRÜK VERGİLERİNİN KALDIRILMASI VEYA GERİ VERİLMESİ
Authors: YUMUK Hamit
Published: December 2020

Kanunilik ilkesine göre, vergi parlamento tarafından konulmalı ve vergilendirme parlamento tarafından çıkarılan kanuna uygun ve doğru bir şekilde gerçekleştirmelidir. Bu nedenle, kanuna uygun olarak tahakkuk e􀄴 irilmeyen ve tahsil edilmeyen vergilerin yükümlüsüne iade edilmesi gerekmektedir. Gümrük vergilerinin geri ödenmesi veya kaldırılması, Avrupa Birliği gümrük mevzuatına uyum sağlamak için yürürlüğe konulan 4458 sayılı Gümrük Kanunu’nda kurala bağlanmakta ve gümrük vergilerinin geri ödenmesine veya kaldırılmasına ilişkin genel kurallar anılan Kanunun 211’inci maddesinde düzenlenmektedir. Bu makalenin temel amacı, Türk gümrük hukukuna göre gümrük vergilerinin geri verilmesine veya kaldırılmasına ilişkin temel ilkeleri ve bu ilkelerin Avrupa Birliği’nin geri verme veya kaldırmaya ilişkin kuralları ile ne ölçüde uyumlu olduğunu belirlemektir. Bu amaçla, birinci bölümde geri ödeme veya kaldırmanın tarihsel arka planı incelenmiştir. İkinci bölüm, geri verme veya kaldırmanın temel ilkelerine ilişkin hususlara ayrılmıştır. Son bölümde ise faiz kavramı incelenmiştir.
Impact of socio-economic factors on the formation of disability in children of Russia
Authors: Terletskaya Rimma N. , Fisenko Andrey P. , Antonova Elena V. , Vinyarskaya Irina V.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. There are not enough studies dealing with the assessment of impact of socio-economic factors on the health of the population at the interregional level. However, the instability of the economic situation requires a periodic repetition of such researches. The aim of the study is to establish the relationship between the children’s disability prevalence and the main indices characterizing socio-economic situation in the Russian Federation. Materials and methods. Official data on the prevalence of disability in children aged 0-17 years and the level of basic indices characterizing the socio-economic situation in the country were analyzed in the context of 83 constituent entities of the Russian Federation for the period 2017-2019. The socio-economic characteristics of the population were the unemployment rate, monetary income, housing conditions, and consumption of basic food products. Spearman rank correlation method was used to determine the links. Results. It was established that there is still significant interregional variability in the prevalence of children’s disability both in Federal districts and in the subjects of the Federation. It’s been revealed various degrees of severity correlation between the childrens’ disability prevalence in the subjects of the Russian Federation and many socio-economic factors including unemployment; average per capita monetary income of the population; the proportion of the population with monetary incomes below the subsistence minimum; total area of residential premises, which is on average per inhabitant; the share of young families registered as needing housing, from the total number of family cells with children under 18 years; consumption of cheaper food. Conclusion. The results should be taken into account in the development of programs for the children’s disability prevention; full responsibility should not been placed on the healthcare system only.
Psychology of Dream by Ibn Sirin’s Perspective/Psikologi Mimpi Ibnu Sirin
Authors: Jamaluddin Muhammad
Published: December 2020

Dreams are considered as an influence of physical activity and a reflection of the psychiatric symptoms experienced by individuals. Dreams can give positive and negative impact for individuals. This study aims to explain the psychology of dreams from Ibn Sirin's perspective. A qualitative method by literature study approach, specifically the dream psychology in the perspective of Ibn Sirin was employed in this study. The results showed that this dream came not only from the subconscious dimension, but also came from a further and transcendental dimension (such as dreams experienced by prophets or sholeh people by all interpretations). As stated by Ibn Sirin, dreams can serve as a means to evoke pent-up feelings that cannot be expressed in conscious time and are the symbolic representations of spiritual life derived from transcendental dimensions.Keywords: Psychology; Dreams; Ibn SirinMimpi dianggap sebagai pengaruh dari aktivitas fisik dan cerminan dari gejala kejiwaan yang dialami oleh individu. Mimpi dapat memberikan dampak yang positif maupun negatif terhadap individu. Tujuan penelitian ini yakni untuk menjelaskan psikologi mimpi dari perspektif Ibnu Sirin. Penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi literatur, psikologi mimpi dalam perspektif ibnu sirin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jika mimpi ini tidak hanya berasal dari dimensi bawah sadar saja, namun juga bersumber dari dimensi yang lebih jauh dan bersifat transendental (seperti mimpi yang dialami oleh nabi atau orang sholeh dengan segala penafsirannya). Menurut Ibnu Sirin, mimpi dapat berfungsi sebagai sarana untuk memunculkan perasaan yang terpendam yang tidak dapat diungkapkan pada waktu sadar serta merupakan representasi simbolis dari kehidupan spiritual yang bersumber dari dimensi transendental.Kata Kunci: Psikologi; Mimpi; Ibnu Sirin
A Policy Brief on Promotion, Protection, and Support of Breastfeeding Practices During Disaster and Displacement
Authors: Hirani Shela Akbar Ali
Published: December 2020

Introduction

During natural disaster a sudden increase in infant mortality and morbidity rates are reported. Breastfeeding practices are essential to prevent malnutrition-related mortalities among infants during disaster and displacement.

Methods

Findings from the undertaken critical ethnographic study in the disaster relief camps of Chitral, Pakistan, were referred to identify need-based policies to promote, protect, and support breastfeeding among displaced mothers.

Policy Implications

The study identified the need for strategic policies at sociocultural, economic, and geopolitical levels to support breastfeeding and save lives of young children during natural disasters.

Conclusion

This article will facilitate clinicians, healthcare providers, and national and international agencies to recognize gaps in the existing policies and services targeting breastfeeding mothers during disaster and displacement.
Lactation Support Case Report During COVID-19
Authors: Parajon Cecilia
Published: December 2020

Objective

To highlight a new format, a newborn clinic is providing lactation care during the pandemic. COVID-19 is affecting many families, and lactation consultants can adapt during these times. Families are staying isolated in their homes to reduce exposure to the virus, but problems concerning lactation still exist, and in-person appointments are discouraged. Families continue to get lactation advice and care through scheduled telephone appointments and simultaneous viewing of Global Health Media breastfeeding videos sent through secure message emails.

Case Report

Details the specific response at the newborn clinic which include discussion of videos and answering questions through no-cost telephone appointments until the family reaches their goals.

Conclusions

Infant- and mother-related lactation problems continue to exist during the pandemic, but because of in-person restrictions, families are not able to attend clinic appointments. The scheduled telephone appointments and the simultaneous video viewing addresses many lactation problems with great success and satisfaction among the families.
Efficacy of Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy on Children With Anxiety
Authors: Shetty Rima , Kongasseri Sreejayan , Rai Shweta
Published: December 2020

This study examined the efficacy of mindfulness based cognitive therapy on children (MBCT-C) with anxiety. Two hundred and forty children were screened, of which 52 (25 boys and 27 girls) with anxiety were randomly allocated to either MBCT-C or group therapy (GT including cognitive behavioral principles). Both groups were rated on the Spence Children's Anxiety Scale and Emotion Regulation Questionnaire–Child and Adolescent, pre- and 12 weeks post-interventions. MBCT-C was found to be more effective than GT in improving anxiety among children (between-group effect size Cohen's d 1.05) and as effective as GT in reducing emotion suppression for effective emotion regulation. This study provides support for MBCT-C as an effective group intervention for children with anxiety.
Modified Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Severe, Treatment Resistant Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in an Adolescent With Autism Spectrum Disorder: The Importance of Parental Involvement
Authors: Jones Gazal , Jassi Amita
Published: December 2020

The prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is higher among young people with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Case studies and randomized controlled trials show that modified cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can be effective for young people with OCD and co-morbid ASD. This case study describes modified CBT for an adolescent with severe, treatment-resistant OCD and co-morbid ASD, and highlights the importance of family accommodation and parental mental health in pediatric OCD. Modifications to the standard evidence-based CBT for OCD protocol included extended psychoeducation, visual session material, mini exposure and response prevention hierarchies and parallel parent sessions to address familial accommodation and parental mental health. Progress was measured at seven times points throughout treatment using clinician administered, youth and parent self-report measures. Outcome data indicated significant improvements in OCD symptoms, general functioning, and maternal mental health as well as significant reductions in family accommodation. Gains were maintained over a 12-month follow-up period. This case study illustrates that modified CBT can be effective in youth with OCD and ASD and discusses the importance of familial accommodation and parental mental health.
Утицај академских друштвених мрежа на видљивост научних радова истраживача
Authors: Арсенијевић Данијела
Published: December 2020

Друштвене мреже савременог доба саставни су део свакодневног живота и рада људи, један од основних начина комуникације. Жеља за брзом разменом информација о научним достигнућима те потреба да за њиховом већом видљивости довела је до појаве друштвених академских мрежа. Како у свакодневном, тако и у сфери научног живота, комуникација на друштевним мрежама има своје позитивне и негативне аспекте. Губи се потреба за интеракцијом „лице у лице”, али се остварује повезивање и сарадња истраживача, без обзира на место и време на коме се налазе, као и транспарентност и доступност научних резултата.Ове могућности су основне карактеристике и покрета Отворена наука. Наука савременог доба зависи од видљивости, доступности и могућности ширења резултата научних истраживања.У овом раду начињен је покушај да се прикажe и анализира један број академских друштвених мрежа које су истраживачима на располагању, као и какав је њихов утицај на видљивост научних резултата у академској заједници.