bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychometric Analysis of the Spanish Version of the Évaluation du Vécu de l’Anesthésie Générale EVAN-G Questionnaire in Adult Surgical Patients in Argentina: A Cross- Sectional Study
Authors: Baloira Federico Manuel , Salcedo Lisa Sanchez , Novas Delfina Sanchez , Domenech Gonzalo , Vazquez Fernando Ramon , Terrasa Sergio Adrian , Guzzo María Eugenia Garcia
Published: January 2025

Background
Patient satisfaction during the perioperative period involves multiple facets of care. Despite its clinical relevance, validated tools to assess patient satisfaction in Spanish-speaking populations are scarce. The Évaluation du Vécu de l’Anesthésie Générale questionnaire, originally developed in French and subsequently adapted to Spanish, offers a comprehensive framework for evaluating perioperative satisfaction.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary private hospital in Buenos Aires. We performed a psychometric evaluation including confirmatory factor analysis, assessment of convergent and discriminant validity, and internal consistency analysis.
Results
The model showed acceptable global fit indices: Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (0.073), Comparative Fit Index (0.956), and Tucker-Lewis Index (0.951). Most dimensions—information, privacy, discomfort, waiting, and care—demonstrated strong validity (Average Variance Extracted ≥ 0.50) and reliability (Composite Reliability ≥ 0.70). However, the Pain dimension exhibited suboptimal performance, with low validity and reliability.
Conclusions
The Spanish version of the Évaluation du Vécu de l’Anesthésie Générale questionnaire is an effective tool for measuring patient satisfaction across most dimensions. However, challenges in the Pain dimension highlight the need for refinement in this area or the potential use of a different tool to assess it more accurately. These findings present this questionnaire as an innovative tool for promoting patient-centered care in Latin America, meeting a vital need for culturally tailored measures of perioperative satisfaction
Low-power red laser and ultraviolet A LED irradiation alters mRNA levels from DNA repair genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Nunes Brenno de Mendonça , Pinheiro Daphne , de Oliveira Márcia Betânia Nunes , Pires Bruno Ricardo Barreto , Mencalha Andre Luiz , Dantas Flávio José da Silva , Fonseca Adenilson de Souza da
Published: January 2025

Therapeutic protocols based on photobiomodulation (PBM) have been used to treat wounds, pain, and inflammation. On the basis of PBM is the absorption of non-ionizing radiation at low-power by the cytochrome c oxidase, producing reactive oxygen species. Such free radicals could cause oxidative damage in DNA, which is repaired by base excision repair (BER) and nucleotide excision repair (NER) mechanisms. Up to date, few studies assessed oxidative damage in DNA as consequence of low-power red lasers and ultraviolet A LED on expression of DNA gene repair. This study aimed to determine the expression of genes related to BER and NER pathways in Saccharomyces cerevisiae after irradiation with low-power red laser and ultraviolet A LED. Cultures of S. cerevisiae were exposed to low-power red laser (660 nm, 21.2 J/cm2, 205 s, 99 mW) and ultraviolet A LED (390 nm, 6 J/cm2, 205 s, 7 mW), incubated for 1 hour, total mRNA was extracted, cDNA was synthesized, and OGG1, APN1, RAD1 and RAD10 mRNA levels in S. cerevisiae FF18733 were evaluated by RT-qPCR. The results indicated that exposure to low-power red laser does not induce changes in gene expression, but exposure to ultraviolet A LED alone and simultaneously with low-power red laser significantly reduce APN1 and RAD10 mRNA levels in S. cerevisiae. Exposure to low-power red laser could not affect mRNA from BER and NER, but ultraviolet A LED and simultaneous low-power red laser and ultraviolet A LED could decrease gene expression of BER and NER pathways in S. cerevisiae.
Epidemiological Landscape of injuries Associated with Motor Traffic Accidents in Southern Tanzania
Authors: Shedura Vulstan James , Ngomo Geofrey John , Moses Lameck Titus
Published: January 2025

Background Motor Traffic Accidents (MTAs) are a global public health concern, disproportionately impacting low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) like Tanzania. Injuries from road traffic accidents (RTAs), impose significant morbidity, mortality, and economic burdens. However, data on the epidemiological landscape of MTA-related injuries in Southern Tanzania remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate the epidemiological characteristics of injuries caused by MTAs in Southern Tanzania.Methods A retrospective, health-facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in five referral hospitals across the Mtwara and Lindi regions. Data from 154 patients who sustained MTA-related injuries between January and December 2023 were analyzed. Participants were selected using systematic random sampling, and socio-demographic and clinical data were abstracted from medical records. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for analysis.Results The majority of participants were male (76%), with a median age of 31.5 years (IQR: 22–49). Self-employment (63%) and primary education (55.8%) were the most common occupational and educational statuses, respectively. Head injuries (28.6%) and musculoskeletal injuries (26%) were the most prevalent, with tibia fractures and chest injuries reported in 14.3% and 7.1% of patients, respectively. Gender differences were notable, with males experiencing higher rates of visceral injuries (6.8%) and chest injuries (7.7%), while females had higher rates of musculoskeletal injuries (35.1%).Conclusions MTA-related injuries, particularly head injuries and musculoskeletal trauma, are prevalent in Southern Tanzania, with significant socio-demographic disparities. These findings emphasize the need for targeted public health strategies to improve road safety, enhance access to surgical care, and reduce the burden of MTAs in this region.
Delayed bedtime on workdays increases the risk of gallstones: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES 2017–2020
Authors: Liu Man , Gong Yanqing , Su Yingxi , Ji Yinglan , Bao Suriguge , Shen Meng , Zhang Xue , Zhou Simin , Guo Liping , Ran Ying , Li Yanni , Li Man , Zhou Lu
Published: January 2025

Background
The relationship between sleep and gallstones(GS) has rarely been reported. We aimed to investigate whether sleep traits are associated with the prevalence of GS.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017–2020. Participants aged ≥ 20 years with complete information on sleep and GS questionnaires were enrolled. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the relationship between sleep traits (bedtime, wake-up time, sleep duration, sleep disorders) and GS while adjusting for confounding factors. Stratified and interaction analyses were conducted to find whether some factors modified the association.
Results
A total of 7,329 participants were included in this study, and 736 had a self-reported history of GS. In the fully adjusted model, we found that each hour of delay in workday bedtime was associated with an 8.6% increase in the risk of GS (OR = 1.086, 95% CI 1.022–1.154, P = 0.026). Compared to individuals with a workday bedtime between 18:00-≦20:00, those sleeping later, between 22:00-≦24:00 faced a higher risk of GS (OR = 5.824, 95% CI 1.629–20.827, P = 0.035), while the risk was even greater for those sleeping between 24:00-≦06:00 (OR = 6.676, 95% CI 1.758–25.356, P = 0.032). Subgroup analyses revealed that age influenced the association between workday bedtime and the risk of GS. In participants aged > 40 years, the risk of GS increased significantly with delayed workday bedtime (OR = 1.139, 95% CI 1.065–1.219, P = 0.009), while this association was not observed for those ≤ 40 years. Furthermore, the fully adjusted model found no significant association between wake-up time, sleep duration, or sleep disorders and the prevalence of GS.
Conclusions
Delayed workday bedtime is associated with a higher risk of GS. Age mediates the relationship between workday bedtime and the prevalence of GS. Notably, for individuals aged > 40 years, the risk of GS increased significantly with delayed bedtime on workdays.
Fostering Supportive Online Communities: Exploring Bystander Intervention in Cyberbullying Prevention
Authors: Shoaib Muhammad , Abbasi Irshad Ahmed
Published: January 2025

Cyberbullying can profoundly impact individuals' mental health, leading to increased feelings of anxiety, depression, and social isolation. Psychological research suggests that cyberbullying victims may experience long-term psychological consequences, including diminished self-esteem and academic performance. The widespread use of social media platforms among university students has raised major concerns over cyberbullying, which can have detrimental effects on student mental well-being and academic performance. We designed CBNet, a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based model for detecting cyberbullying among student social media groups. We developed a comprehensive dataset collected from several social media platforms popular among university students. Our results demonstrate that CBNet notably outperforms both the traditional machine learning approaches and the RNN-based model and presents an outstanding value of precision, recall, and F1-score overall, with an Area Under the ROC Curve significantly higher than 0.99. Combined with the fact that the issue of cyberbullying always remains relevant, these results suggest the high feasibility of our suggested approach to the detection of incidents. Given our results, CBNet could be used as a preventative tool for educators, administrators, and community managers to combat cyberbullying behavior and make the online community safer and more welcoming for students. This work suggests the high importance of advanced machine learning approaches to real-world social problems and contributes to the creation of greater digital well-being in university students’ communities. By employing CBNet, institutions can take proactive measures to mitigate the harmful effects of cyberbullying and cultivate a positive online culture conducive to student success and flourishing.
Effects of dietary Trollius chinensis Bunge residue on performance, meat quality, antioxidant capacity, intestinal health, and cecal microbiota in weaned rabbits
Authors: Deng Lingcong , Yu Jiayu , Dong Yu , Han Kailong , Zhang Xue , Li Jiani , Yang Xue , Fei Dongliang , Han Xibin , Ma Mingxiao , Bai Jieying
Published: January 2025

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Trollius chinensis Bunge residues (TCBR) on growth, meat quality, antioxidant capacity, intestinal healthy and cecal microbiota in weaned rabbits. In total, 48 30-day-old rabbits were randomly allocated into 4 groups, with 12 replicates per group. Four diets were formulated with graded levels of TCBR: 2.0%, 4.0%, and 6.0% represented as TCBR2, TCBR4, and TCBR6 groups alongside a control group without TCBR. The results showed that TCBR2 significantly alleviated adverse clinical manifestations in weaned rabbits and improved survival rate, growth performance, and meat quality. while reducing the feed conversion ratio compared with the Mock group. TCBR2 also enhanced carcass yield, semi-eviscerated carcass yield, liver index, and liver antioxidant capacity, and increased jejunal villus height and villus/crypt ratio compared with that in the Mock group, whereas no differences were observed between the TCBR4 and TCBR6 groups. Notably, 16S RNA analysis revealed that Bacteroidota levels were significantly elevated in the TCBR2 groups, with Akkermansia, Clostridium, and Succiniclasticum also upregulated in the TCBR2 group. Furthermore, TCBR2 significantly increased the expression levels of occludin and ZO-1 in jejunal tissue. In conclusion, TCBR2 supplementation improved growth performance and attenuated adverse clinical symptoms in rabbits.
The longitudinal interplay between loneliness and depressive symptoms during late childhood: Cross-lagged panel network analyses
Authors: Grygiel Paweł , Opozda-Suder Sylwia , Dolata Roman
Published: January 2025

This study uses a cross-lagged panel network model with a sample of 4,333 children (Mage = 11.06, SD = 0.73; 50.8% girls at T1) to examine the relationship between loneliness and depressive symptoms over a two-year period. The cross-sectional network shows that loneliness is strongly associated with sadness, perceived parental pressure, and boredom. The longitudinal network suggests: (1) a reciprocal link between loneliness and both sadness and parental pressure; (2) a forward effect of loneliness on anxiety and being busy; (3) the loneliness-reducing effect of prior happiness and loneliness-increasing effect of boredom. This research highlights the complex interplay of emotions in adolescents, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to address the interrelated emotional and social issues associated with the risk of loneliness and depression.
Identifying the association between Physical Activity and HCV infection status: An observational study and Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Lei Liangchen , Ouyang Chen , Liu Pengpeng , Liu Quanyan
Published: January 2025

Purpose
To investigate the association and causality between physical activity and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, we conducted a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis using data from the GWAS database. The analytic population was divided into three categories based on hepatitis C virus infection outcomes, and statistical differences were analyzed with covariates. Additionally, Restricted Cubic Spline (RCS) analysis was applied to examine the nonlinear relationship between physical exercise and hepatitis C virus infection. Instrumental variables were selected with a threshold of P < 5*10⁻⁸, and the causal relationships were assessed using IVW, MR-Egger, Weighted Median, Weighted Mode, and Simple Mode methods. Cochran's Q test was used to assess and exclude data heterogeneity.
Results
In the population data analysis, the moderate-to-vigorous work (MVW) variable showed a significant association with HCV infection (p = 0.006). MVW demonstrated a positive association with HCV infection (OR = 2.46, 95% CI = 1.02–5.92). RCS analysis indicated that the risk of HCV infection significantly increased when MVW exceeded 810 minutes per week. MR analysis indicated that MVW had a unidirectional effect on HCV infection (IVW model: OR = 1.366, 95% CI: 1.121–1.663, p = 0.002), and heterogeneity was excluded from the analysis.
Conclusions
In the context of HCV infection, the primary factor influencing risk is not the duration of physical activity, but the type. High-intensity physical activity significantly elevates the risk of HCV infection. It may be prudent to manage work hours responsibly to minimize physical strain.
Mapping the Landscape of Scholarly Impact of Folk Literature: A Bibliometric Analysis of Global and Local Research Dynamics in Folk Literature From 2020-2024
Authors: Chiranjeevi Mekala , Dhumal Suraj Nandkumar
Published: January 2025

This bibliometric study analyzed recent research trends, global and local publications, and interdisciplinary connections in folk literature from 2020 to 2024, focusing on annual scientific production, publication distribution, citation patterns, and collaboration metrics. A total of 1,399 publications from the Scopus database were examined using Microsoft Excel, Access, Bibliometrix. 3.0, VOS Viewer, and ScientoPy. The study found that Australia, the United States, the UK, Ireland, and Canada were the leading contributors, with key collaborations from institutions such as the Australian National University and the University of London. The peak productivity year was 2023, with the journal "Memory Studies" being the most prolific. The analysis revealed a significant increase in collaborative research, with an annual growth rate of 32.38% and a total of 778 sources cited. The average age of documents was 2.31 years, with 0.9728 citations per document and 65,557 references cited. Keywords Plus numbered 424, while authors' keywords totaled 4,341. The study identified 1,907 unique authors, with 946 single-authored documents. Single-authored documents accounted for 1,025 publications, with an average of 1.48 co-authors per document and 4.861% international co-authorship. The findings highlight the growing influence of digitalization and globalization in the study of folk narratives and emphasize the role of bibliometric methods in identifying trends and fostering interdisciplinary connections in folk literature research.
Multidrug Resistance Patterns, Gene Overexpression, and Genetic Diversity of Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates from Clinical Specimens
Authors: Rahi Alya Amer , Al-Hasnaway Huda Hadi
Published: January 2025

Background: The adeJ, Omp33-36, and oprD are vital genes for the resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii. , by regulating the permeability of the membrane and carbapenem resistance in the clinical isolates.
Objective: To detect the adeJ, Omp33-36, and oprD, on the way to antibiotic resistance, that could developbetter treatment for A. baumannii infections.
Material and Methods: The study was based on 300 clinical specimens that were collected from Al-Hilla Teaching Hospital from January–to June 2024. The specimen types taken were wounds (40%), Burns 40% Blood 12% and Urine 8%. They were grown on blood agars, identified as Acinetobacter baumannii (8.33%) by Epi-20E. PCR was done to detect the presence of blaoxa-51 and genes (adeJ, Omp33-36, and oprD, ), while gene expression by RT-qPCR. PCR-ERIC facilitated the differentiation of the strains due to the different bands produced.
Results and Discussion: Multidrug resistance to antibiotics was observed among isolates and high resistance was observed against, β-lactams, carbapenems, and aminoglycosides with colistin being effective. All isolates were adej positive Overexpression of OperD (80%) and adej (44%) was observed, with consistent downregulation of the Omp33-36 gene (100%).The result of PCR-ERIC, Group A: Thus, isolates 7, 9, 10, 17, 5, 8,6, 11, 12, 2, 4, and 19 for Group A; 18 for Group B; 3 for Group C; 1 and 13 for Group D; and 20, 21, 22, 14, and 15 for Group E revealed 3 bands.
Conclusion:
The role of adeJ and OprD in resistance to A. baumannii, via decreased accumulation of drugs and increased expulsion and modification of Omp33-36 in all isolates indicates the contribution of this gene to membrane permeability and Antibiotics resistance. The RT-PCR ERIC signifies that for variation in the Banding patterns of the different isolates; these may be differential expression profiles of the strains.
FOTODEGRADAÇÃO NO CLIMA SEMIÁRIDO EM FILMES DE POLI(BUTILENO ADIPATO-CO-TEREFTALATO) PUROS E ADITIVADOS COM ÓLEO ESSENCIAL DE CRAVO DA ÍNDIA (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr.)
Authors: D. E. da Silva Karlos , B. de L. Vitorino Gabriel , K. da S. Nascimento Chaianne , A. de Souza Carlos , C. de O. D. Barros Amanda , D. de L. Silva Ivo , M. Vinhas Glória , F. Q. Pereira José , M. S. S. Brito Andréa
Published: January 2025

PHOTODEGRADATION IN SEMI-ARID CLIMATE IN PURE POLY(BUTYLENE ADIPATE-CO-TEREPHTHALATE) FILMS AND ADDITIVES WITH CLOVE ESSENTIAL OIL (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr.). Active packaging is a type of material used to extend the shelf life of food, due to its interaction with the product. This study evaluated the natural photodegradation of pure poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) films and additives with 5% essential oil of clove Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. (OEC). To this end, 96 samples were exposed to solar radiation in the municipality of Custódia in Sertão/PE, with fortnightly collections for 180 days, annual repetition in the same climatic period, and analyses in triplicates. All samples exhibited susceptibility to solar radiation, as evidenced by the appearance of cracks, fragmentation, and yellowing of the material. The samples were more sensitive to thermal action after exposure as determined by TGA. The mass loss exhibits an increasing trend, reaching a maximum average value of 13%. A decreasing trend was observed for the carbonyl index and a slight increase in the hydroxyl index. Principal component analysis revealed a distinction of samples exposed for more than 60 days. Overall, the results indicate a comparable degradation pattern between pure PBAT samples and additives with 5% OEC in a natural atmosphere environment of a semi-arid climate.
Sentiment Analysis on Social Media and Stakeholders about Negative Issues Among Islamic Boarding School Community In Indonesia
Authors: Kamal Muhammad Rikzam , Noviyanto Kholid , Subhan Hadi , Afiana Lia
Published: January 2025

This study examines public sentiment towards Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) in Indonesia using Twitter data and interviews with pesantren stakeholders, including administrators (asatidz), students (santri), and the surrounding community. Sentiment analysis of Twitter data, collected using the hashtag #pondokpesantren in 2023, revealed that public sentiment is predominantly neutral, with fewer positive and negative opinions. The analysis, conducted using the K-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN) model, achieved 90% accuracy and an F1-Score of 89.9%, indicating reliable performance in classifying sentiment. On the other hand, interviews with pesantren stakeholders highlighted more nuanced issues, such as security concerns, educational autonomy, and disciplinary practices, which were not widely discussed on social media. The findings reveal a gap between public perceptions on Twitter, which tend to generalize pesantren issues, and stakeholders’ detailed, experience-based insights. This discrepancy underscores the need for open communication between pesantren and the public to address emerging concerns and improve pesantren’s education and security systems. By combining sentiment analysis and phenomenological interviews, this study provides a deeper understanding of public perceptions and the internal challenges faced by pesantren in Indonesia, offering valuable insights for future improvements in pesantren management and public engagement.
Hard-to-reach respondents: Sampling experience
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Yashina Maria N. , Shishkina Evgenia V. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Belousov Konstantin Yu. ,   Saint Petersburg Academy of Postgraduate Pedagogical Education
Published: January 2025

The article describes the problems of selecting male informants raising children under 18 in qualitative research. The material of the article is based on the analysis of the authors’ research experience, as well as theoretical elaboration of the category “hard-to-reach group”. The experience of working with three groups of informants — single fathers, stepfathers, and fathers from orphanage graduates — is analyzed. Their representatives are considered as hard to reach, hidden, vulnerable. Single fathers belong to a small group, but it is more institutionalized than other groups of fathers, which greatly facilitates the search for its representatives, allowing for the implementation of the selection method on the basis of institutions. Stepfathers are characterized by high heterogeneity and difficulties with identification. The sensitivity of the research topic implies a high level of trust in those through whom contact is established. Fathers who are graduates from children’s homes are few, difficult to identify, and vulnerable. These features were reflected in the way the sample was constructed — with a prioritized choice of combined strategies. The authors provide a detailed description of the specifics of recruiting and strategies for finding informants, considering the specifics of selection on the basis of different types of institutions, targeted selection through social networks of researchers, and the “snowball” method. The barriers that arise in the selection of different groups of male informants are analyzed, in particular the quantitative composition of the group, physical concentration, level of institutionalization, and trust. Factors that enhance the effectiveness of informant recruitment for each group are characterized, as well as risk factors, including those related to the motivation of participants and the role of the researcher herself.
The phenomenon of Sobornist in the context of civilizational discourses of Ukrainian orthodoxy
Authors: Ishchuk Nataliia
Published: January 2025

The article examines the authentic (Orthodox) dimension of the phenomenon of Sobornist. It argues that the conciliar (soborny) paradigm offers a complex ideological construction of unity in diversity. Theoretically, this is the ideal of harmony within the Orthodox Church and Orthodox community. Practically, due to a series of ideological distortions, it cannot be realized either in ecclesial or social existence. It is substantiated that in historical retrospect, in Orthodox countries, the source of these distortions was the cultural-civilizational complex of Byzantism (Byzantinism). A number of “social sins” of Byzantism, namely the Caesaropapal subordination of the Church to the state, the statist exaggeration of the historical role of certain countries and peoples, and the devaluation of human personality, absolutized the principle of unity through pressure on diversity. The importance of considering the role of socio-cultural and political factors of different nations and countries in the self-expression of Byzantism on national soil is proven. In the case of Ukrainian Orthodoxy, it is about the tradition of “Kyivan Christianity,” which had several specific traits that laid the foundation for the legitimization of both unity and diversity, somewhat minimizing the distortion of the conciliar (soborny) ideal in the life of the Church and the community. On the contrary, russian Orthodoxy and russian religious philosophy, through the cultivation of the statist component of Byzantism, legitimized russian imperialism. Its current form—the ideology of the “russian world,” with an emphasis on the violent “gathering of lands”—embodies an anti-soborny social paradigm.
A Study of Social Memory and Forgetting by Paul Connerton: Mechanisms and Tools
Authors: Kuprii Tetiana
Published: January 2025

This research is dedicated to the phenomenon of social memory and its component, social amnesia, as revealed in the works of the British sociologist and philosopher Paul Connerton. The author explores the identified types of social forgetting in the researcher's concept, analyzes the factors that give rise to them, and the mechanisms and tools for including the phenomenon in the metaphysics of social being and reality. The study highlights the significant contribution of this renowned sociologist to the theoretical exploration of social memory, social time, and social amnesia as factors in historical processes and as sociocultural determinants of sociogenesis.) The process of reflection of societal forgetting is interpreted as a rejection or removal from social and cultural memory of a reliable social assessment of the significance of these phenomena and facts. Spontaneous manifestations of social amnesia are inevitable in history, periodically projecting in society the need to temporarily relieve itself of the weight of comprehensive historical memory and responsibility. In this case, it has a functional aspect, being one of the mechanisms of psychological self-defense of society. It has been shown how society and the state, driven by their own needs, utilize instruments of social preservation to structure and construct their memories, endowing them with new interpretations to address various objectives. Each generation independently reshapes collective memories of the past; some of these memories become prominent in the current generation's mentality, while others are suppressed and undergo amnesia. The study examines models of sociocultural reproduction, highlighting Paul Connerton's interpretation of the possibility of social forgetting in its contemporary forms. The author concludes that, whereas in ancient societies disruptions in social memory were primarily effected through the physical eradication of groups and the destruction of written records, the modern era's cultural framework inherently facilitates and necessitates discontinuities in social memory and social forgetting.
An Image Analysis for Designing an Optimal Stirrer in Metal Matrix Composites Manufacturing
Authors: Muhammad Farooq , Al-Ani Muzhir Shaban , Majeed Hamsa D.
Published: January 2025

The global market for aluminum-based composites, widely used in manufacturing and construction, is expected to grow significantly. However, enhancing the cost-to-performance ratio is essential to improving their commercial viability. Efficient mixing plays a critical role in many industrial and chemical applications. Stir casting is the leading method for producing aluminum alloy matrix composites, but achieving a uniform particle distribution remains a significant challenge. In this study, the optimal stirrer design was identified using image processing techniques to analyze the distribution of ceramic grains. The stirrer that achieved the most uniform grain distribution was selected, eliminating the need for destructive testing. The mechanical properties of the final products validated the accuracy of the image analysis results.
How Authoritative Media and Personal Social Media Influence Policy Compliance Through Trust in Government and Risk Perception: Quantitative Cross-Sectional Survey Study
Authors: Zhang Hua , Yang Cheng , Deng Xiuxian , Luo Chunyan
Published: January 2025

Background

Previous studies on public compliance with policies during pandemics have primarily explained it from the perspectives of motivation theory, focusing on normative motivation (trust in policy-making institutions) and calculative motivation (fear of contracting the disease). However, the social amplification of a risk framework highlights that the media plays a key role in this process.

Objective

This study aims to integrate the motivation theory of compliance behavior and the social amplification of risk framework to uncover the “black boxes” of the mechanisms by which normative motivation and calculative motivation influence public policy compliance behavior through the use of media.

Methods

During the COVID-19 pandemic, we conducted a web-based survey of 2309 Chinese citizens from December 4, 2022, to March 21, 2023. We treated the public’s policy compliance behavior during the pandemic as the dependent variable. Media use, specifically the use of authoritative media and “we-media,” that is, personal social media accounts and media platforms operated by individuals, was set as the independent variable. Trust in government, representing normative motivation, and risk perception, representing calculative motivation, were included as mediating variables. A structural equation model was constructed and analyzed using Stata.

Results

First, the mediation effect of trust in government indicates that the use of authoritative media can enhance trust in government, which significantly increases individuals’ policy compliance behavior (β coefficient=0.108, 95% CI 0.080-0.135; P<.001). Second, the mediation effect of risk perception shows that the use of we-media heightened individual risk perception, thereby significantly enhancing policy compliance behavior (β coefficient=0.012, 95% CI 0.002-0.021; P=.02). Third, the study revealed the “paradox of trust”: the chain mediation effect in which authoritative media increased trust in government and reduced risk perception, ultimately decreasing policy compliance behavior (β coefficient=–0.005, 95% CI –0.009 to –0.001; P=.008).

Conclusions

By combining the motivation theory of compliance behavior with the social amplification of risk framework in risk communication, we found that trust in government, as a normative motivation, operates through authoritative media, while risk perception, as a calculative motivation, promotes compliance behavior through we-media. In addition, in major crises, the public’s use of authoritative media can lead to the paradox of trust: on the one hand, trust in the government increases policy compliance; on the other hand, this trust reduces risk perception, thereby decreasing compliance behavior. Authoritative institutions need to balance providing authoritative information with maintaining the public’s risk perception.
La dualidad de la tortuga de orejas rojas: mascota carismática y especie invasora
Authors: Becerra Ernesto , Rico Yessica , Gutiérrez Martínez Areli
Published: January 2025

Las tortugas son organismos carismáticos, por lo que son muy buscadas como mascotas. La especie más vendida a nivel mundial es la tortuga de orejas rojas (Trachemys scripta elegans), que es considerada entre las 100 más invasivas en todo el mundo. La falta de información ha llevado a su liberación en hábitats naturales convirtiéndose en animales exóticos invasores. La presencia de la tortuga en México es preocupante, ya que se desconoce si en los hábitats acuáticos naturales hay presencia de poblaciones viables ya establecidas. Debido a que México tiene una gran diversidad de tortugas, resulta importante evaluar la situación actual de esta especie invasora y su influencia en la diversidad de tortugas en el país.
Violencia simbólica y racismo hacia las mujeres afromexicanas de Coyolillo
Authors: González Collazo Odalys , Rodríguez Barraza Adriana , Masferrrer León Cristina Verónica
Published: January 2025

El objetivo del artículo es identificar expresiones de violencia simbólica hacia mujeres afromexicanas de la localidad de Coyolillo, Veracruz, para conocer su relación con el racismo. La metodología fue cualitativa, apoyada en el enfoque interseccional. Entrevistamos a ocho mujeres afromexicanas pertenecientes a un grupo de bordados de la comunidad. Por un lado, detectamos mandatos de género que exigen la disposición de las participantes hacia las otras personas, el ejercicio de la maternidad y el trabajo en el hogar; por otro lado, identificamos discriminaciones racistas y racismo estructural. Ambas experiencias constituyen ejemplos de violencia simbólica que han impactado en las oportunidades educativas y el acceso al trabajo remunerado de nuestras colaboradoras. A partir de ello establecemos una articulación entre mandatos de género y racismo, y explicamos cómo impactan en los espacios de convivencia de las mujeres afromexicanas.
Disminución de los movimientos de las hembras adultas de venado bura durante el invierno en el árido suroeste de América del Norte
Authors: Bender Louis C. , Boren Jon C. , Cox Shad , Torres-Romero Erik Joaquín
Published: January 2025

Los ciervos en entornos templados del norte muestran adaptaciones de comportamiento y fisiológicas para conservar energía durante el invierno, incluyendo una disminución en sus movimientos. Se ha explorado poco si estos comportamientos persisten en ambientes templados más cálidos, como el suroeste árido. Comparamos los movimientos diarios, mediante modelos de movimiento continuo y movimientos mínimos en línea recta subdiarios (4 horas) de hembras adultas de venado bura entre las estaciones de invierno y primavera-otoño en el centro-sur de Nuevo México. Los ciervos se movieron menos durante el invierno, tanto diario (2.90 vs. 4.34 km/día) como subdiario (302 vs. 409 m). Además, para ciervos con datos de movimiento en estaciones sucesivas, los movimientos en invierno fueron menores (diarios = -1.05 km/día, subdiarios = -91 m) en comparación con la primavera-otoño previa o siguiente. Nuestros resultados respaldan la disminución de los movimientos durante el invierno en los inviernos menos extremos del suroeste árido. Dado que algunos estímulos inmediatos (por ejemplo, nieve profunda, temperaturas muy frías) asociados con comportamientos de conservación de energía están ausentes en el suroeste árido, es evidente que nuestros resultados apoyan que la baja calidad y disponibilidad de forraje son los principales factores que impulsan este comportamiento.
In memoriam Dr. Gustavo Casas Andreu (1943-2024)
Authors: Méndez-de la Cruz Fausto Roberto , Macip-Ríos Rodrigo , Barrios-Quiroz Gabriel
Published: January 2025

Presentamos el obituario del Dr Casas, quien trabajó en el Instituto de Biología de la UNAM. Abordamos detalles de su trayectoria académica y de su personalidad.
Federalismo Hacendario.
Authors: Salazar Bengoa Victor Joaquín
Published: January 2025

El presente artículo indaga en el federalismo hacendario, examinando cómo se distribuyen los recursos entre los gobiernos federal, estatal y municipal. Igualmente se analizan los fundamentos teóricos de este sistema, como la equidad y la eficacia, y se explora cómo se aplican en la práctica a través de mecanismos como el Ramo 33. También se abordan los desafíos que enfrenta el federalismo hacendario, como la doble tributación y las disparidades económicas entre regiones, así como la necesidad de implementar una coordinación fiscal efectiva, elemento esencial para superar los obstáculos propios del federalismo hacendario y garantizar una gestión eficiente y equitativa de los recursos públicos.
Doctor Emérito: Un Pilar del Derecho Penal Mexicano
Authors: Guerrero Benitez Axel Joseph
Published: January 2025

El Dr. Raúl Carrancá y Rivas, nació el 6 de septiembre de 1930, fue un jurista mexicano de renombre internacional, ampliamente reconocido por sus contribuciones al Derecho Penal. Su obra, marcada por una profunda erudición y una visión humanista, ha dejado una huella imborrable en el panorama jurídico de México.
Un Académico Prolífico
A lo largo de su extensa carrera, el Dr. Carrancá y Rivas destacó como un incansable investigador y profesor. Su pasión por el Derecho Penal lo llevó a explorar a fondo los fundamentos teóricos de esta disciplina, así como sus implicaciones prácticas en la sociedad.
Editorial
Authors: Brito Melgarejo Rodrigo , León José Antonio Álvarez
Published: January 2025

Es para nosotros una enorme satisfacción presentar el número 21 de la Revista del Posgrado en Derecho de la UNAM, correspondiente al segundo semestre del año 2024, y que representa el décimo segundo aniversario de la misma. El presente número cuenta con cinco artículos, una remembranza y una reseña.
Plant Disease Detection Using Deep Learning
Authors: Rajitha A. , Swathi M. , Ananya K. , Amruthavarshini R. , Akhila D.
Published: January 2025

Abstract: The system today operates using images, with its pre-processing that makes use of models like Inception-V3 CNN; such
models are computational resource- demanding, requiring humongous sizes, and enormous data storage capacity. It is hence
both time and cost-expensive. The proposed system uses the AlexNet CNN model in MATLAB R2021A with an accuracy of
almost 99.6% to classify plant diseases, thus making it efficient, cost- effective, and faster due to the modules used such as
acquisition of images, preprocessing, disease classification, and performance evaluation in the identification of ten diseases,
which include Apple Black Rot and Grape Black Rot.
Review on Tomato Flu: The Unexpected Virus that-is Causing Concern
Authors: Bachhav Prajakta , Pawar Tejal , Bachhav Sanjivani , Deore Deepali
Published: January 2025

Abstract :The Tomato Flu Virus is also known as ‘Hand,Foot and Mouth Disease’.It is an unidentified virus,source of the
contagious ailment known as tomato flu. The origin of the term “tomato virus” starts from the blisters that resembles tomatoes
and spread over the body, eventually developing into a rash that resembles a tomato and also caused by the A-16.It primarily
impacts on children’s body.Though the exact etiology of the aliment is unknown.As of this now,there are no antiviral drugs or
vaccines specifically designed to treat tomato flu. As a result, symptomatic therapy is the only option for this sickness.
Teksto keitimai Georgo Mancelio Die Sprüche Salomonis (1672)
Authors: Repečkaitė Gabrielė , Kazakėnaitė Ernesta
Published: January 2025

Straipsnyje nagrinėjamas Georgo Mancelio (1593–1654) Patarlių knygos vertimas į latvių kalbą. Jo tikslas – palyginti pirmųjų dviejų (1637 ir 1672 m.) leidimų tekstus, siekiant nustatyti, kiek ir kokie keitimai atlikti redaguojant Mancelio vertimą. Šis redagavimo klausimas yra aktualus ir svarbus, nes antrasis leidimas buvo publikuotas po 35-erių metų, tekstą redaguojant kitiems asmenims. Tyrime daugiausia dėmesio skiriama užfiksuotiems kalbos keitimams (gramatiniams, leksiniams ir pridėjimams).
The importance of business network analysis. Illustrative example of Hindalco Industries Limited
Authors:   Design Bureau “Elektronika” LLC, Filatov Nikita
Published: January 2025

The article examines the Hindalco Industries Limited subsidiary business network, emphasizing
the importance of such analysis for Russian businesses. Hindalco’s network primarily focuses on India, the
USA, and Canada. The company’s subsidiaries engage in various activities, such as accessing natural
resources and promoting skilled labor. The choice of industries and activities depends on the subsidiaries’
locations. Hindalco’s domestic market subsidiaries focus on diverse businesses, while foreign companies
focus on steel manufacturing. The company invests in the new ways to automate production and
concentrates on the domestic market, with significant resources invested in the energy and computer
software development sectors. Hindalco’s multinational network focuses on its innovative position as a
leader in the primary industry sector. Applying business network analysis can help Russian businesses
identify efficiency and cost-saving opportunities amidst sanctions.
Personnel mentoring practices as a condition for the adoption of leading professional experience (on the example of the Government of the Lipetsk Region)
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute of Labor, Sladkova Nadezhda , Voskresenskaya Olga ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Labor, Solomakhina Elena ,   Government of the Lipetsk Region
Published: January 2025

The article provides the results of the developed instruments for representing personnel
practices: a structured description on the example of mentoring practices of the Government of the Lipetsk
Region and a checklist for reviewing the comprehensiveness of data of these practices. The study is based
on research work that aims to analyze both domestic and foreign personnel practices. The authors bring
their experience of participation as experts in the Ministry of Labor of Russia's All-Russian contest: "Best
HR Practices and Initiatives in the System of Public and Municipal Administration" from 2013 to 2023.
Traditions of power legitimacy vs democracy: problems and opportunities (within the context of modern Afghanistan)
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Afghanyar Maria
Published: January 2025

The article aims to analyze and find answers to the question of whether Afghanistan’s
political crisis can be resolved. The author looks at the dominant political ideology in the West and
tries to relate it to the Taliban’s current political dominance. Although it is challenging to define this
power as democratic, it has historical roots. After examining the advantages and disadvantages of
the Western and Eastern approaches, the author concludes that Afghanistan lacks democratic
institutions based on the indicators of power legitimacy. Sharia serves as the foundation for the
Taliban government’s legitimacy, but it adheres to al-shura or jirga principles in its traditional
interpretation of Islam. At the same time, parliamentary republics and democracies can be perfectly
acceptable forms of government in an Islamic state, and citizens may consider the government
legitimate.
Legal protection of natural monuments: issues of legal regulation and law enforcement
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Menkenov Alexey
Published: January 2025

The article examines the problems of establishing protection zones for natural monuments,
reorganizing and eliminating them, and guaranteeing a special protection regime. The author examines
the law enforcement practices of executive authorities, judicial procedures, federal legislation, and
legislation of the Russian Federation’s constituent entities. The article provides evidence for creating a
closed list of reasons to eliminate natural monuments. The study demonstrates the need to consolidate
procedural standards at the federal level that govern the sequence in which natural monument
protection zones are established and the state environmental oversight of natural monuments, including
the periodicity of such monitoring. Resolving the recognized flaws in the law will adhere to the principle
of prioritizing the preservation of natural ecological systems, landscapes, and complexes. It will also
enable the establishment of the legal requirements required to safeguard natural monuments from
being damaged.
Ratings’ impact on the development of investment climate in the regions of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Bystryakov Alexander , Klikunova Ekaterina ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: January 2025

Given that the regional economy is evolving in the face of growing economic sanctions and the
pandemic’s effects, the creation and application of efficient instruments for fostering investment climate
should serve as the foundation for establishing and developing favorable investment climate. The article
supports the relevance of ratings as promising instruments of regional economic policy and the efficient
evaluation of the initiatives taken by authorities at all levels to enhance the investment climate in Russian
regions. Authorities at all levels must work methodically and intentionally to create favorable conditions for
attracting investments if they intend to improve the regional business climate. Investors seek consistency
in the terms and conditions, the head of the municipality’s personal involvement, regional management,
infrastructure availability, and management teams’ willingness to assist in resolving issues efficiently.
Establishing favorable conditions for conducting business requires thorough work. All of this enables the
region’s ranking in the investment attractiveness rating to be strengthened and consolidated, which in turn
helps to improve the investment climate in the region.
Typology of border regions based on the principle of comlimitism. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, Epifanova Natalya
Published: January 2025

The unique geographic location of Russian civilization combined with exceptional natural and
climatic factors along with interregional variations in nationality, religion, and culture results in a
significant degree of heterogeneity within Russia’s regional border space; however, we can find
similarities in economic development in some border regions. In such circumstances, it is especially
pertinent to develop a typology of border regions that considers the details of the mutual influence
between the state border and the border region, as well as the impact of regional development on the
state border. However, there is also mutual determination regarding the economic development of the
border regions between the two neighboring countries. The article defines the concept of comlimitism
as the foundation for the typology of border regions to describe such interregional interactions for the
border regions of two neighboring states. Using the comlimitism principle, the author classifies border
regions into five categories based on the type and strength of their economic ties. The conclusion drawn
is that the entire range of border interregional (interstate at the level of border cooperation) ties and
the various ways they interact must be considered when forming the federal center’s targeted regional
policy.