bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Desafios para a implementação de processos de planificação em regiões de saúde
Authors: Tanaka Oswaldo Yoshimi , Akerman Marco , Louvison Marília Cristina Prado , Bousquat Aylene , Pinto Nicanor Rodrigues da Silva , Meira Ana Lígia Passos , Godoi Lídia Pereira da Silva , Pereira Ana Paula Chancharulo e Morais , Spedo Sandra Maria , Oliveira Monique Batista de , Eshriqui Ilana , Paresque Marcio Anderson Cardozo
Published: December 2023

OBJETIVO: Reconhecer elementos que facilitaram ou dificultaram as etapas do processo de implementação do Planifica SUS. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo de casos múltiplos em 4 regiões de saúde pré-selecionadas - Belo Jardim (PE), Fronteira Oeste (RS), Sul-Mato-Grossense (MT), Valença (BA), utilizando como condições traçadoras a hipertensão arterial sistêmica e atenção materno infantil. Foi realizada observação participante na Comissão Intergestora Regional (CIR), bem como entrevistas em profundidade nas quatro regiões estudadas com informantes-chave da gestão estadual e municipal e com profissionais dos serviços da atenção primária à saúde e atenção ambulatorial especializada envolvidos no projeto. Construiu-se três dimensões de análise: política, técnico operacional e contexto. RESULTADOS: N a d imensão p olítica, fi cou e videnciado q ue, d e a lguma f orma, a s r egiões identificaram no projeto uma oportunidade de articulação entre estados e municípios e uma aposta política importante para a construção de redes e linhas de cuidado, mas ainda com muitos caminhos a percorrer para enfrentar as barreiras identificadas nas disputas em jogo na construção do SUS. Na dimensão técnico operacional, é importante considerar que foi estimulada uma cultura de planejamento local na APS, além de favorecer o uso de ferramentas tradicionais, no sentido de organizá-la e qualificá-la, como a organização dos cadastros, agenda e demanda. No entanto, os processos formativos e indutores da planificação centralizados nem sempre respondem às necessidades singulares dos territórios e podem produzir barreiras à implementação. CONCLUSÃO: Cabe considerar o papel do gestor estadual na aposta relacionada ao projeto, tanto no nível central quanto no nível regional e o efeito de processos de mobilização da atenção primária à saúde e amplificação de sua potência, mas ainda com muitos caminhos a percorrer para enfrentar as barreiras identificadas nas disputas em jogo na construção do SUS.
Implementação de ferramenta digital para gestão populacional na atenção primária à saúde
Authors: Almeida Debora Paulino da Silva , Oliveira Junior Paulo Leandro de , Prazeres Glauber Alves dos , Belotti Lorrayne , Domingues Jessica , Bonassi Natalia Martins , Eshriqui Ilana , Martins Renata Soares , Almeida Leticia Yamawaka de , Bonfim Daiana
Published: December 2023

OBJETIVO: Descrever a implementação de uma ferramenta digital de diagnóstico e monitoramento territorial na atenção primária à saúde. MÉTODOS: Estudo quanti-qualitativo, desenvolvido em 14 Unidades Básicas de Saúde do município de São Paulo, com agentes comunitários de saúde, coordenadores, enfermeiros e médicos. A coleta de dados ocorreu em quatro fases: análise dos instrumentos utilizados pela equipe para gestão do território; desenvolvimento da ferramenta digital; treinamento e implantação; avaliação após 90 dias por meio de grupos focais. Foram realizadas análises descritivas por meio do cálculo de frequências absolutas e relativas para tratamento dos dados quantitativos. Os dados qualitativos foram tratados pela análise de conteúdo. RESULTADOS: 334 profissionais participaram do estudo. Na primeira etapa foram identificados como principais desafios para gestão do território o preenchimento de diversos instrumentos, falhas no sistema, inconsistência dos dados, infraestrutura/rede de internet e falta de tempo. Assim, foi desenvolvida uma ferramenta digital composta por: i) planilha com registro do número de membros familiares e marcadores de condições de saúde, data da visita e quantidade de revisitas; ii) planilha com resumo de famílias visitadas, não visitadas e recusas; e iii) um painel com resumo dos dados gerados instantaneamente. Na avaliação, após uso inicial da ferramenta, as temáticas que emergiram foram: integração da ferramenta no cotidiano de trabalho; avaliação do processo de implementação da ferramenta digital; aperfeiçoamento e oportunidades de melhoria. CONCLUSÃO: Frente aos desafios encontrados por parte das equipes de saúde da família para preenchimento dos sistemas e gestão do território, a ferramenta desenvolvida proporcionou maior fidedignidade e agilidade na visualização dos dados, redução no volume de instrumentos e otimização do processo de trabalho.
Atenção ambulatorial especializada à saúde materno-infantil em regiões do PlanificaSUS
Authors: Shimocomaqui Guilherme Barbosa , Masuda Eliana Tiemi , Souza Victoria Gouveia de , Gadelha Ana Karina de Sousa , Eshriqui Ilana
Published: December 2023

OBJETIVO: Descrever a organização de ambulatórios especializados conforme o modelo Ponto de Atenção Secundária Ambulatorial (PASA), por meio da metodologia da Planificação de Atenção à Saúde. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal que utilizou de dados secundários do projeto PlanificaSUS. O estudo foi realizado em 16 ambulatórios especializados na linha de cuidado materno infantil, distribuídos nas cinco regiões geográficas brasileiras. Um questionário estruturado foi utilizado para autoavaliação sobre a implantação de 12 parâmetros em dois momentos, 2019 e em 2020. Esses parâmetros são relacionados às funções assistencial, educacional e de supervisão previstas no modelo PASA. RESULTADOS: E m 2019, apenas 37,5% (6) dos ambulatórios apresentaram pelo menos um parâmetro concluído, sendo o de maior frequência o de equipe multiprofissional com atuação interdisciplinar (concluído em 18,8% dos ambulatórios), relacionado à função assistencial. Nenhum parâmetro das funções educacional e de supervisão estavam concluídos nesse primeiro momento. Já em 2020, os parâmetros relacionados à função assistencial também apresentaram maior frequência, destacando-se a utilização do mesmo critério pelas equipes da atenção primária e dos ambulatórios para estratificação de risco (concluídos em 68,8% dos ambulatórios). Nas funções educacional e supervisional, os parâmetros de encontro entre as equipes da atenção primária e dos ambulatórios para o desenvolvimento da gestão de caso, promoção de capacitação integrada e o vínculo estreito de comunicação entre esses profissionais também aumentaram, identificando-se conclusão destes três parâmetros em 25%, 25% e 37,5% dos ambulatórios, respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: A metodologia da Planificação proporcionou reflexão e discussão acerca da (re) reorganização do processo de trabalho e contribuiu para a mudanças de práticas de cuidado à saúde materno-infantil na Atenção Ambulatorial Especializada, de forma integrada com a atenção primária à saúde, na perspectiva das Redes de Atenção. Acredita-se que tais avanços potencializam o acesso e cuidado equitativo de gestantes e crianças de alto risco nas diferentes regiões geográficas brasileiras.
Influence of Species Preference and Owner Gender on Attachment to Animals: French-Translated Validated Questionnaires
Authors: Pellon Sophie , Hallegot Margaux , Robinet Louise , Villegas-Drogoz Claire , Tomberg Claude
Published: December 2023

Companion animal ownership has been reported to be beneficial for human health. Attachment is an important mechanism involved in interpersonal relationships and potentially in health concerns. In this study, we investigated the influence of companion animal species and owners’ gender on owners’ attachment to their animals. To do this, we validated the French translation of the Pet Attachment Questionnaire (Zilcha-Mano et al., 2011), the Attachment Figure Questionnaire, and the Closeness and Care scales (Kurdek, 2008). Our translations have the requisite psychometric properties, high internal consistency, structure, and temporal stability. Women had significantly higher scores than men in several attachment dimensions and closeness. Owners preferring a cat had higher avoidance and lower attachment figure scores than owners preferring a dog. It is not yet clear what causes these differences; we recommend more investigations into specific aspects of attachment to companion animals.
Analysis of Light-Related Visual Images Presented in Elementary School Science Textbooks in Korea, the United States, and Japan
Authors: Kang Eunju , Kim Hai Suk
Published: December 2023

Visual images are widely used in science textbooks to facilitate the understanding of abstract concept of light. This study aims to compare and analyze elementary school textbooks from Korea, the United States, and Japan, focusing on how visual images are utilized to effectively convey light-related content. The findings reveal that all three countries’ textbooks predominantly employ photographs as visual representations, primarily serving the purpose of providing data. Through a social semiotic perspective analysis, it was observed that science textbooks commonly utilize realistic images with metaphorical functions, presented at eye level angles, with intermediate distances, and frontal angles. Furthermore, the visual images employed various colors and background expressions to create a sense of familiarity for students. These findings suggest that the composition of visual images in science textbooks was designed to facilitate an easy understanding of light-related concepts.
Fostering Students’ Environmental Competencies through a Plant STEAM Education Program in Korean Elementary Schools
Authors: Baek Seongheui
Published: December 2023

This study details the development of a plant STEAM education program aligned with the Grade 6 elementary school Korean national science curriculum, using a regionally linked curriculum as its design framework. The primary objective was to investigate the plant program’s effectiveness in enhancing elementary students’ environmental competencies. Ninety-one Grade 6 students, divided into an experimental class (n = 46) and a comparison class (n = 45), participated in the study. Data were collected before and after the program through an assessment tool designed to evaluate environmental competencies, in addition to collecting field notes and student learning outcomes, which were subjected to qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results revealed significant improvements in students’ environmental competencies, with notable enhancements in exhibiting environmental sensitivity and displaying a sense of environmental community. This study offers an illustrative model showcasing the integration of plant-related, STEAM, and a regionally linked curriculum in education.
When Zen Becomes Philosophy: The Case of Dōgen’s Uji
Authors: Steineck Raji C.
Published: December 2023

Dōgen is among the few authors from historic Japan who have received substantial attention in modern philosophical discourse. His thought on time figures prominently in this regard. Association between Uji 有時, the title of his short instruction on the subject, and Heidegger’s Being and Time has facilitated this integration into modern philosophical discourse. It is customary in this discourse to treat Dōgen’s writings as philosophical texts. Against this tendency, I apply the concept of ‘frames of equivalence’ from translation studies and demonstrate how the philosophical mode of reading leads to substantial shifts in all three dimensions of the semiotic process. In the pragmatic dimension, the religious impetus of Dōgen’s texts is toned down to an appeal in favor of certain epistemological and ontological commitments. In the syntactic dimension, the formal organization of his texts is ignored, obfuscating the overall structure and intent of his argument. Given the context-dependency of meaning, this leads to significant shifts in the semantic dimension as well. I argue that paying attention to frames of equivalence in reading Dōgen serves to identify creative investments and inadvertent projections. This prepares the ground for historically more accurate interpretations and prevents the misappropriation of ‘enlightened’ authority for philosophical hypothesizing.
Redescription of two Bornean gekkonid lizard species of the Cyrtodactylus consobrinus (Peters, 1871) complex with comments on online supplementary material
Authors: DAVIS HAYDEN R. , NASHRIQ IZNEIL , WOYTEK KYRA S. , WIKRAMANAYAKE SHANELLE A. , BAUER AARON M. , KARIN BENJAMIN R. , BRENNAN IAN G. , ISKANDAR DJOKO T. , DAS INDRANEIL
Published: December 2023

In a recent paper in Zoologica Scripta, the formal diagnoses and descriptions of two new Bornean gekkonid gecko species of the Cyrtodactylus consobrinus (Peters, 1871) complex were included in online supplementary material. Although the new nomina were associated with ZooBank registration identifiers, the supplementary document in which these LSIDs appeared was not published in a format with fixed content and layout. As such, the new nomina cannot be considered to have been promulgated in the electronic version of the paper, as it was not compliant with the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature as amended in 2012. A subsequently published printed version of the paper did make these nomina nomenclaturally available but, following author guidelines, relegated the descriptions and diagnoses, including data critical to justifying recognition of these new cryptic taxa, to online supplementary material. Because of the impermanence of this supplementary document, we here provide the diagnoses, descriptions and type specimen data for these two Cyrtodactylus. We recommend that taxonomists refrain from publishing works containing taxon descriptions and other nomenclatural acts in journals that require critical data to be placed in online supplementary documents.
The marine palaemonid shrimps (Crustacea, Deapoda, Caridea) of the Dutch Caribbean
Authors: FRANSEN CHARLES H.J.M.
Published: December 2023

Species of the decapod family Palaemonidae are common components of tropical coastal waters and coral reefs. The majority of these species are symbionts of various invertebrate phyla. Despite a long history of research on their species diversity in the Dutch Caribbean, recent field expeditions have yielded much new information. Combined with examinations of specimens housed in Naturalis Biodiversity Center and information from literature, a comprehensive list of Dutch Carribean palaemonids is provided. Newly collected material was primarily identified via morphological analyses. Additional molecular phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial COI and 16S and nuclear Histone 3 (H3) genes were conducted in search of cryptic species on the one hand and to check conspecifity in species that were found on multiple host species on the other hand. In total, 46 species are here listed for the Dutch Caribbean of which 24 are here recorded for the first time for one of the islands. One species new to science was discovered and is herein described. Sixty new host associations are recorded. In light of biodiversity loss and increasing anthropogenic pressure on declining coral reefs, documenting the diversity of palaemonids and other coral reef species to provide baseline data takes on a new urgency.
Super-Resolution Reconstruction Based on Denoised High-Resolution Raw Images with BM3D
Authors: Cheng Tao , Xu Cong
Published: December 2023

The pixel in a conventional raw image (CR) and the point spread function’s standard deviation of the microscope are approximately equal in size. A high-resolution raw image (HR) lacks research value due to excessive noise. Its pixel size is only half that of CR. BM3D is an excellent
denoising algorithm. We propose a super-resolution microscopy method. It denoises HR and uses compressed sensing for super-resolution reconstruction. It was compared with that of HR before denoising, and CR before and after denoising. HR and CR with three different noise levels (low, medium,
and high) are studied in simulation. Simulation results demonstrate that BM3D is not only related to the noise type and the noise level, but also to the raw image’s pixel size. In the medium noise level, denoised HR performed the best super-resolution reconstruction, followed by denoised
CR. Real experiment results are closer to the simulation results in the medium noise level.
Cross-Modal PET Synthesis Method Based on Improved Edge-Aware Generative Adversarial Network
Authors: Lei Liting , Zhang Rui , Zhang Haifei , Li Xiujing , Zou Yuchao , Aldosary Saad , Hassanein Azza S.
Published: December 2023

Current cross-modal synthesis techniques for medical imaging have limits in their ability to accurately capture the structural information of human tissue, leading to problems such edge information loss and poor signal-to-noise ratio in the generated images. In order to synthesize PET
pictures from Magnetic Resonance (MR) images, a novel approach for cross-modal synthesis of medical images is thus suggested. The foundation of this approach is an enhanced Edge-aware Generative Adversarial Network (Ea-GAN), which integrates an edge detector into the GAN framework to better
capture local texture and edge information in the pictures. The Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) is added in the generator portion of the GAN to prioritize important characteristics in the pictures. In order to improve the Ea-GAN discriminator, its receptive field is shrunk to concentrate
more on the tiny features of brain tissue in the pictures, boosting the generator’s performance. The edge loss between actual PET pictures and synthetic PET images is also included into the algorithm’s loss function, further enhancing the generator’s performance. The suggested
PET image synthesis algorithm, which is based on the enhanced Ea-GAN, outperforms different current approaches in terms of both quantitative and qualitative assessments, according to experimental findings. The architecture of the brain tissue are effectively preserved in the synthetic PET
pictures, which also aesthetically nearly resemble genuine images.
The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale in Australian adolescents: Analysis of the second Australian Child and Adolescent Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing
Authors: Blake Julie A , Farugia Taya L , Andrew Brooke , Malacova Eva , Lawrence David , Thomas Hannah J , Scott James G
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

The 10-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) is used to screen adolescents for mental disorders in Australian clinical practice; however, there are no Australian adolescent normative data.

Methods:

Data were drawn from a nationally representative sample ( N = 2964) of Australian adolescents (11–17 years). This study had three aims: (1) to examine concurrent validity between the K10 and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) emotional symptoms subscale, (2) to establish normative Australian adolescent K10 data and (3) to determine optimal K10 cut-off scores for screening for major depressive disorder (MDD) via receiver operator characteristic curve analysis and stratum-specific likelihood ratios.

Results:

The K10 and SDQ emotional symptoms scales were moderately correlated ( rs = 0.63, p < 0.001). Older female adolescents reported higher total K10 scores compared with younger female adolescents (15–17 years: M = 20.2, standard error [SE] = 0.3; 11–14 years: M = 16.8, SE = 0.3) and male adolescents (11–14 years: M = 16.6, SE = 0.2; 15–17 years: M = 16.0, SE =0.2). K10 scores to optimally discriminate those with and without MDD varied by age and sex and had low specificities. Stratum-specific likelihood ratios indicated adolescents with a K10 score of ≥30 will have a 12.9 (95% confidence interval = [10.2, 16.2]) increased likelihood of MDD.

Conclusion:

The K10 has utility for assessing psychological distress in health care and epidemiological research in Australian adolescents. Adolescents with K10 scores in the ‘very high’ range are at increased risk of MDD. Further assessment of these young people is indicated to identify those with or at risk of developing MDD.
Exploring the Dynamics of Athletes’ Enjoyment and Self-Determined Motivation, and of the Motivational Climate in Youth Football: A Longitudinal Perspective
Authors: Rodrigues Filipe , Monteiro Diogo , Matos Rui , Jacinto Miguel , Antunes Raúl , Amaro Nuno
Published: December 2023

We aimed to explore a short period longitudinal interplay between athletes’ enjoyment and their self-determined motivation and motivational climate in youth football. We recruited 109 youth football athletes (79 males, 30 females) through a convenient sampling method. We included individuals within the 12–17-year-old age range, with a mean age of 14.31 ( SD = 1.46) years. To examine these proposed associations, we performed hierarchical multiple regression analyses and found that enjoyment at pre-season assessment (T1) and self-determined motivation and a task-involving sport climate at mid-season (T2) were significant predictors of mid-season enjoyment (at T2). However, self-determined motivation and task-involving climate at T1 did not significantly contribute to the model. These findings emphasize the importance of initial enjoyment and an evolved self-determined motivation, and task-involving climate in understanding later enjoyment in sport. Coaches, practitioners, and policymakers should prioritize strategies that enhance intrinsic motivation, provide opportunities for autonomy, and cultivate a supportive and growth-oriented environment.
Influence of musical activities on the prosocial behaviors of preschool children
Authors: Ma Xie , Xiong Si-Qi , Zhang Xin-Yue , Hu Qi-Jun , Li Shang , Tao Ya-Chen
Published: December 2023

Music plays a key role in our evolution and contributes to the promotion of interpersonal relationships as well as enhancement of group cohesiveness. In this study, 29 five- to six-year-old preschool children were examined to explore the influence of passive music listening and active music engagement on their helping and sharing behaviors, compared with coloring activities. The results revealed that children’s prosocial behaviors were significantly different under the three conditions, and as compared with passive listening and coloring conditions, children’s prosocial behavior (including helping behavior and sharing behavior) in the active music engagement condition was significantly enhanced. Our research revealed that even short-duration active music engagement can improve children’s prosocial behavior, and the potential benefit of active engagement musical training for the development of preschool children should be recognized.
Is the level of varicella-zoster virus IgG associated with symptomatic status of genital herpes simplex virus infection? A case-control study
Authors: Palmer Bret S. , Tang Alan , Winchester Stephen , Atkins Mark , Barton Simon , Kelleher Peter
Published: December 2023

Background

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a common infection, affecting the majority of the population by age of 50. Recurrent symptomatic outbreaks, experienced by a minority, have significant psychological and psychosexual effects. The varicella zoster virus (VZV), resembling HSV, shows potential for a functional cure via vaccination. This study seeks to investigate if there is an association between low VZV antibody levels and recurrent HSV outbreaks.

Methods

A total of 110 patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic HSV were recruited during their sexual health screen. Serum samples were collected between Aug 2019 - July 2022; breaks in the study occurred due to COVID. The primary outcome measure was the serological status of HSV and VZV IgG titre level.

Results

The average age was 37.3 years (range 21–65 years). For people with asymptomatic genital HSV2 the average VZV IgG titre was 2373.9 IU/mL ( n = 17); and 1219.0 IU/mL for the symptomatic group ( n = 67); p ≤ 0.00001), with similar results for HSV1.

Conclusion

There is a strong association between average higher varicella-zoster virus (VZV) IgG level and being an asymptomatic carrier of herpes simplex sirus (HSV)1&2. A feasibility study to assess the use of the VZV vaccine as a treatment of HSV is planned.
Team Member’s Promotion: Injustice or Promotion in Haste?
Authors: Chintaluri Manoj Gour , Bala Subramanian R.  , Choudhary Archana
Published: December 2023

This case illustrates the importance of organizational justice, interpersonal skills and the importance of having a fair and transparent promotion policy for its employees. It also emphasizes the need to have proper employee retention and promotion plans.

The case is about the lack of the team members’ confidence in their new boss Navin who was amongst them till a few months ago. It discusses how Navin, the newly promoted area sales manager from the sales manager position, cannot handle his team effectively. He was promoted as a retention tool so that he does not quit after he tendered his resignation to join the competitor’s organization. His boss Stephen had found him good in his present job and decided to retain him, knowing little about its repercussions. He also did not judge the suitability and ability of Navin to lead a team. After Navin’s promotion, his colleagues found that he had developed a superiority complex and did not behave properly with them. All this led to a lot of disharmony and resentment amongst the team members leading to dysfunctional consequences.
Perception of Employees on High-Performance Human Resource Practices (HPHRP) in Indian Banks: A Comparison
Authors: Verma Sunita , Rathore B. S.
Published: December 2023

The aim of this article is to study the difference between public and private sector banks in terms of high-performance human resource practices (HPHRP). This empirical research paper is based on a detailed analysis of the literature research, which has been conducted on 500 managerial staff of public and private sector banks in Rajasthan through a structured questionnaire. Results reveal that there is a significant difference in the HPHRP of public and private sector banks in Rajasthan with reference to practices like internal mobility, selective staffing, result-oriented appraisal, employment security and incentive rewards. The practices, namely, extensive training, clear job description, and participation and teamwork, were found to be less significant in the study. The HPHRP scale and the differences in high-performance work systems (HPWSs) between public and private sector banks were investigated in the Indian context from a theoretical standpoint. For bank professionals, this study will help in improving their HPWSs. The study is unique as it seeks to identify the role of HPHRP in both public and private sector banks in India and concentrates on a bundle of human resource practices that will significantly improve the industry’s performance outcomes.
Multidisciplinary Aesthetic Management of a Dentition in a Patient with Cleft Lip and Palate with a High Smile Line: A Clinical Report
Authors: Dilworth Daniel , Lordan Emily , Elfadil Sittana , O’Mahony Aisling
Published: December 2023

The aesthetic management of a case involving a high smile line in a patient with a cleft lip and palate can be difficult. In this report, we look at a complex case of a patient with a unilateral cleft lip and palate which required a multidisciplinary approach involving crown lengthening, extraction of a maxillary right central incisor and fabrication of a 4-unit fixed partial denture to replace this tooth and the adjacent absent maxillary right lateral incisor with use of gingival porcelain in order to improve the aesthetics of the patient's smile.
Narratives about distributed health literacy during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Silva Susana , Machado Helena , Galasso Ilaria , Zimmermann Bettina M , Botrugno Carlo
Published: December 2023

The promotion of health literacy was a key public health strategy during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the role of social networks and relationships for support with health literacy-related tasks in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic is scarcely understood. Moving beyond traditional notions of health literacy, which focus on individual skills and knowledge, this study uses the concept of distributed health literacy to explore how individuals make meaning of and respond to health literacy and make their literacy skills available to others through their relational and socially situated and lived experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing on 89 semi-structured interviews conducted in three European countries (Italy, Portugal, and Switzerland) between October and December 2021, we found narratives of stabilization, hybridization, and disruption that show how health literacy concerning COVID-19 is a complex social construct intertwined with emotional, cognitive, and behavioral responses distributed among individuals, communities, and institutions within socioeconomic and political contexts that affect their existence. This paper opens new empirical directions to understand the critical engagement of individuals and communities toward health information aimed at making sense of a complex and prolonged situation of uncertainty in a pandemic.
Electrically heated catalyst enabling pollutants reduction in hybrid vehicles fueled with ethanol
Authors: Falcão Weissinger Frederico , Henrique Rufino Caio , Mendoza Alexander Peñaranda , Martelli André Luiz , Coelho Eugênio , Bigliardi Vincent , Teixeira Lacava Pedro
Published: December 2023

Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) have the potential of combining the benefits of a renewable electric mix with biofuels. More recently, PHEV have been designed to be equipped with a small combustion engine known as range extender (RE), thus allowing an improvement in vehicle’s range while converting fuel energy through a highly efficient path. Despite being a convenient strategy for decarbonizing light vehicles, the intermittent operation of the engine may create issues regarding the catalytic conversion of pollutants, yielding an increase in local harmful emissions. This drawback may be intensified depending on the used fuel. Hydrous ethanol is a promising alternative for gasoline and is already available in some countries, such as Brazil. However, ethanol has a great enthalpy of vaporization and it results in a charge cooling, affecting the catalyst warm-up and making the intermittent operation with ethanol more challenging. Hence, this study was motivated by the need of improving the catalytic efficiency of flexfuel RE operating with both gasoline and hydrous ethanol. Thus, a calibration was firstly performed to shorten the warm-up phase with ethanol. Then, an electrical heater was employed for accelerated catalyst heating, further improving emissions from ethanol operation, aiming at attaining future emissions regulations. Experimental tests were conducted in a vehicle under FTP72 cycle using a chassis dynamometer. The calibration adjustments resulted in a warm-up phase for ethanol <10 s longer than that for gasoline. The stable operation phase resulted in similar emissions for both fuels. On the cycle average, a reduction in CO for ethanol was observed, and although the methane and NOx emissions were slightly increased due to colder catalyst operation, significant improvements were obtained on a well-to-wheel (WTW) analysis. The use of an electrically heated catalyst (EHC) improved the emissions during the warm-up phase, significantly reducing the emission of NOx and non-methane organic compounds.
Get Out the Door: Ambulatory EEG Trumps Routine EEG in the Detection of Interictal Epileptiform Abnormalities After a First Unprovoked Seizure
Authors: Marawar Rohit
Published: December 2023

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Hand Surgery Questions on the Plastic Surgery In-service Training Examination: Analysis of Content and References
Authors: Silvestre Jason , Tippabhatla Abhishek , Chang Benjamin , Levin L. Scott
Published: December 2023

Background:

The Plastic Surgery In-service Training Examination (PSITE) provides residents and faculty with an objective evaluation of hand surgery knowledge during plastic surgery residency training. The purpose of this study was to understand tested hand surgery concepts and references to optimize study efforts during plastic surgery residency.

Methods:

We reviewed hand surgery questions on 6 consecutive PSITEs (2016-2021). Questions were classified by taxonomy and clinical subject area. Answer references were quantified by source and year of publication.

Results:

A total of 235 questions tested hand surgery (16% of all PSITE questions) and 60 questions had an associated image (26%). Questions required direct level I—recall (37%), level II—interpretation (28%), and level III—medical decision-making skills (35%). The most frequently tested hand surgery topics were trauma (31%), reconstruction (20%), and functional problems (17%). There were 667 references to 130 unique journals. Journal of Hand Surgery (American volume), 34% and Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (17%) were the highest yield primary sources. The median lag from publication to PSITE was 7 years (interquartile range, 7 years) with a mode of 2 years. Green’s Operative Hand Surgery was the most referenced textbook (54% of textbook references).

Conclusions:

This study creates an objective benchmark for hand surgery knowledge training during plastic surgery residency. Efforts focused on the most commonly tested topics and references can enhance resident preparation in hand surgery.
Genetic Association of Allergic Rhinitis with Sleep and Neuropsychological Disorders: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Lin Chenxi , Li Jia , Deng` Ye , Li Xiongwen , Wang Xiaofeng , Lu Jingcheng
Published: December 2023

Background

The genetic association of allergic rhinitis (AR) with other physiological systems throughout the human body remains unknown.

Objective

The aim of this Mendelian randomization (MR) study was to explore the association of this respiratory disorder with multiple common sleep and neuropsychological disorders at the genetic level.

Methods

Summary data for total AR and pollen AR were collected from the most updated FinnGen genome-wide association studies involving more than 340 000 European subjects. Summary data for 12 sleep and neuropsychological disorders (including snoring) were included from UK Biobank studies involving 63 392 to 462 933 European subjects. Three MR methods, including inverse-variance weighting (IVW), weighted median and MR–Egger, were used to determine the relationships between the exposures and outcomes. Several sensitivity analyses, including Cochran's Q, MR–Egger intercept, MR-PRESSO, “leave-one-out” test and funnel plot, were used to detect heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy.

Results

IVW revealed that total and pollen AR were associated with an increased risk of snoring (odds ratio (OR) = 1.011, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.004∼1.019, P = .003; OR = 1.006, 95% CI = 1.001∼1.011, P = .014). Two other MR methods supported the results from the IVW analysis. No heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy was confirmed by sensitivity analyses. In addition, IVW did not reveal any association between AR and other included disorders.

Conclusion

AR (specifically AR caused by pollen) might be an independent risk factor for snoring at the genetic level, which should be verified in the future.
Evolution and Research Trends About Emerging Adulthood: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Tello-Navarro Felipe , Bastías Lady S. , Hernández-González Osvaldo
Published: December 2023

This article presents the evolution and recent research tendencies of emerging adulthood. For this, a bibliometric analysis was conducted of documents published in the Web of Science ( N = 5,372). The notion of emerging adulthood arose in the 1990s, and the number of documents on this topic has systematically grown since the first decade of the 2000s. Growth in this area has also been accompanied by diversification. This diversity is reflected by the number of categories that the Web of Science tags in association with each author’s country of affiliation. Following are the three large thematic clusters within this area: emerging adulthood; adolescence; and young adult. The present study was limited to documents catalogued in the Web of Science, and consideration should be given to the idiomatic biases of this indexer. A further limitation of this study is that the search for “emerging adulthood” excluded related terminology, such as “emerging adult” “young adult” and “adolescent.”
Characteristics of Sports Injuries in Athletes During the Winter Olympics: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Wu Yue , Dai Ruilan , Yan Wenqiang , Ren Shuang , Ao Yingfang
Published: December 2023

Background:

Athletes in the Winter Olympic Games are subject to high injury rates given the physical demands of sports. Comprehensive data regarding injury characteristics in these athletes are limited.

Purpose:

To summarize and analyze data regarding the incidence and characteristics of sports injuries occurring in the Winter Olympic Games.

Study Design:

Scoping review; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

A systematic review of the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases was conducted. Included were studies reporting the incidence of sports injuries during the Winter Olympics Games from 1995 through 2021. From 168 studies initially retrieved, 4 studies (8824 athletes, 1057 injured athletes) were included. A single-group meta-analysis of sports injury characteristics was performed, with subgroup analysis performed according to the different sports, injury locations, and injury types. Injury severity (time lost from sport) and mechanism were also assessed.

Result:

The overall injury incidence rate (IIR) during the Winter Olympic Games was 9.6% (95% CI, 4.1%-19.8%). Snow sports were associated with the highest IIR (11.3%), with the top 3 events being the snowboard cross event in snowboarding (31.4%), the aerials event in freestyle skiing (28.6%), and the slopestyle event in snowboarding (27.7%). The most common injury locations were the knee (IIR = 20.0%; 95% CI 17.9%-22.0%), head (IIR = 10.6%; 95% CI, 9.4%-11.9%), and ankle (IIR = 8.2%; 95% CI 7.8%-8.7%). The most common injury types were contusion/hematoma/bruise (IIR = 29.9%; 95% CI 29.7%-30.0%), sprain (dislocation, subluxation, instability, ligamentous, rupture) (IIR = 21.9%; 95% CI 21.4%-22.3%), and strain (muscle rupture, tear, tendon rupture) (IIR = 11.3%; 95% CI 11.0%-11.6%). Regarding injury severity, most athletes had no time lost from sport (64.5%); 24.0% lost fewer than 7 days, and 11.5% lost more than 7 days. The most common injury mechanism was noncontact-related injury (63.3%).

Conclusion:

In Winter Olympics sports, snow-sport injuries were more common than those associated with other sports, and the most common injury location was the knee. Most injuries did not require time loss, and the most were noncontact-related injuries.
Advancing Filipino Healthcare: The Plight of Filipino Nurses in a Postpandemic World
Authors: Corpuz Jeff Clyde G.
Published: December 2023

This commentary explores the future of nursing in the Philippines, with a focus on post-COVID-19 solutions to address existing challenges. The Philippines, known for exporting nurses worldwide, faces urgent issues such as understaffing, inadequate infrastructure, low wages, and limited educational opportunities within its healthcare system. The COVID-19 pandemic intensified these challenges, leading to burnout, personal protection equipment shortages, and mental health struggles among nurses. To shape a resilient future, data-driven solutions are proposed in a post-pandemic world such as investing in education, improving compensation and working conditions, enhancing mental health support, integrating telehealth, fostering public–private partnerships, and considering international collaboration. The lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic can bring positive change, ensuring Filipino nurses receive the recognition and support they deserve in strengthening the nation's healthcare system in a post-pandemic world20.
Labour Force Participation, Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment Through Micro-entrepreneurship: Evidence from Odisha, India
Authors: Senapati Asis Kumar , Parida Debapriya
Published: December 2023

In this 21st century, the aggregative model of democracy would not be able to address the complex problem of a plural society where structural inequality is rampant. Hence, it is imperative to unearth a convenient way of the decision-making process through various social and economic empowerment factors, which enhance women’s participation and awareness despite structural inequalities deeply rooted in Indian society in general and Odisha in particular. This article seeks to highlight the factors determining women’s empowerment and identify issues related to the management of the enterprise. We have surveyed a hundred women entrepreneurs in the Ganjam district of Odisha, India, for the study. We have used multiple regression and Poisson regression models to identify the key determinants of women’s empowerment. The study found that domestic decision, autonomy, self-confidence, business skills and public deliberation are significant determinants of the number of indicators adopted to enhance the overall empowerment index. The multiple regression models found that women’s leisure, unpaid work, self-confidence, business skills and social status positively affect empowerment. The study found that micro-entrepreneurship is successful in the Ganjam district of Odisha. Hence, it is imperative to empower women through public deliberation and motivate them to participate in micro-entrepreneurship.
The Exchange Rate and Interest Rate Nexus: Evidence From the Symmetric Panel ARDL Approach
Authors: Parry Waseem Ahmad , Yasmin Effat , Bhat Aijaz Ahmad
Published: December 2023

The exchange rate and interest rate nexus is a crucial area of research as it has significant implications for monetary policy, international trade and financial stability. This article investigates the dynamic relationship between exchange rates and interest rates in the context of the Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) countries. Employing a dataset spanning the period from February 1999 to August 2021, we employ a panel data approach to analyse the relationship between exchange rates and interest rates across the BRICS nations. The study incorporates key macroeconomic indicators such as inflation rates, GDP growth, treasury bill rate, money supply growth, call money rate to capture the complicated nature of the exchange rate and interest rate dynamics. Our empirical analysis employs various econometric techniques, including panel unit root tests, panel cointegration analysis and panel autoregression distribution models. These methodologies enable us to assess both the short-run and long-run dynamics between exchange rates and interest rates while accounting for potential heterogeneity across the BRICS countries. The findings reveal substantial heterogeneity in the exchange rate and interest rate nexus among the BRICS nations.
Illuminating Fairness: A Comprehensive Review of Workplace Equity Sensitivity
Authors: Tuli Nikhita , Gupta Namita , Singh Harsh Pratap
Published: December 2023

The literature on equity sensitivity is fragmented and has numerous inconsistencies, with various conjoined fields being studied. Given the shortcomings that equity sensitivity fulfils in the workplace equity theory and the predictive power of the construct to explain the workplace attitudes and behaviours, this review aims to synthesise the highly fragmented studies, highlight the publication activity, propose a framework based on a content analysis and identify the research gaps in the area of equity sensitivity. This review also aims at suggesting future research avenues in the field of equity sensitivity. Using a systematic literature review approach, the present study reviews 74 articles published from 1987 to 2020 on equity sensitivity. The review provides a content analysis-based framework for future directions of research and reveals a lack of consensus around a theoretical framework and ambiguity in the conceptualisation of the equity sensitivity. Additionally, the lack of longitudinal qualitative research with limited sample selection are the methodological gaps hindering the field’s progress. This work will help future researchers, interested in extending their contribution to this field.
Mapping restricted introgression across the genomes of admixed indigenous African cattle breeds
Authors: Friedrich Juliane , Bailey Richard I. , Talenti Andrea , Chaudhry Umer , Ali Qasim , Obishakin Emmanuel F. , Ezeasor Chukwunonso , Powell Jessica , Hanotte Olivier , Tijjani Abdulfatai , Marshall Karen , Prendergast James , Wiener Pamela
Published: December 2023

Background

The genomes of indigenous African cattle are composed of components with Middle Eastern (taurine) and South Asian (indicine) origins, providing a valuable model to study hybridization and to identify genetic barriers to gene flow. In this study, we analysed indigenous African cattle breeds as models of hybrid zones, considering taurine and indicine samples as ancestors. In a genomic cline analysis of whole-genome sequence data, we considered over 8 million variants from 144 animals, which allows for fine-mapping of potential genomic incompatibilities at high resolution across the genome.

Results

We identified several thousand variants that had significantly steep clines (‘SCV’) across the whole genome, indicating restricted introgression. Some of the SCV were clustered into extended regions, with the longest on chromosome 7, spanning 725 kb and including 27 genes. We found that variants with a high phenotypic impact (e.g. indels, intra-genic and missense variants) likely represent greater genetic barriers to gene flow. Furthermore, our findings provide evidence that a large proportion of breed differentiation in African cattle could be linked to genomic incompatibilities and reproductive isolation. Functional evaluation of genes with SCV suggest that mitonuclear incompatibilities and genes associated with fitness (e.g. resistance to paratuberculosis) could account for restricted gene flow in indigenous African cattle.

Conclusions

To our knowledge, this is the first time genomic cline analysis has been applied to identify restricted introgression in the genomes of indigenous African cattle and the results provide extended insights into mechanisms (e.g. genomic incompatibilities) contributing to hybrid differentiation. These results have important implications for our understanding of genetic incompatibilities and reproductive isolation and provide important insights into the impact of cross-breeding cattle with the aim of producing offspring that are both hardy and productive.