bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Semi-direct restorative technique for aesthetic and functional restoration in posterior teeth: case report
Authors: Alice Chagas  , Sabrina Schmickler  , Evelise Machado de Souza  , Lucí Regina Archegas Panka  , Rafael Torres Brum  , Gisele Maria Correr
Published: December 2024

The semi-direct restorative technique using composite resin has gained increased popularity in clinical practice due to several advantages: reduced cost for patients, the feasibility of composite resin restorations in teeth with significant structural loss, time[1]saving, improved margin adaptation, polishing, polymerization, and aesthetics of the restoration performed outside the mouth. Objective: The aim of this study was to present a clinical case involving the restoration of posterior teeth with substantial coronal destruction using the semi-direct technique. Case report: The tooth was prepared (defective restoration removal) following onlay preparation guidelines. The preparation was then molded using alginate, and the model was obtained in elastomeric material (addition-polymerized silicone). A composite resin restoration was crafted on the model, photoactivated, and polished outside the mouth. Following the resin restoration on the silicone model, it was cemented onto the prepared tooth. Absolute isolation was employed, the temporary restoration was removed, and the preparation was cleaned. For cementation, sandblasting with aluminum oxide in the internal portion, etching with phosphoric acid, and the application of an adhesive system were performed. Subsequently, a dual polymerization resin cement was manipulated, applied to the resin piece, and placed on the prepared tooth. Excess cement was removed, and the piece was photoactivated for 40 seconds on each surface. Finally, the piece’s adaptation was verified, occlusal contacts were checked, and finishing and polishing were carried out. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the semi-direct composite resin restoration enabled achieving improved anatomy, marginal adaptation, polishing, and resistance, consequently enhancing clinical longevity with a better cost-benefit ratio for the patient.
Molecular Signatures and Clinical Significance of Notch Signaling Pathway in Peripheral Blood of Patients with Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Jia Dongdong , He Ting , Sun Lu , Wang Qunsong , Yu Haitao
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease,
and timely and effective diagnosis is essential for the prevention and treatment of AD. Peripheral
blood is readily available, inexpensive, and non-invasive, making it an ideal substrate for
screening diagnostic biomarkers.

Method:

The Notch signaling pathway is closely related to AD, so genes related to the Notch signaling
pathway may be candidate diagnostic biomarkers for AD. Here, we have performed an integrated
analysis of peripheral blood cells transcriptomics from two AD cohorts (GSE63060: Ctrl =
104, MCI = 80, AD = 145; GSE63061: Ctrl = 134, MCI = 109, AD = 139) to reveal the expression
levels of 16 Notch signals involving 100 genes.

Result:

The results have shown the changes in Notch signaling-related genes to be highly consistent
in both AD cohorts. Bioinformatics analysis has found Differentially Expressed Genes
(DEGs) related to Notch signaling to mainly play important roles in Alzheimer's disease, the
Notch signaling pathway, and the C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway. Multiple machine
learning analyses have revealed IKBKB, HDAC2, and PIK3R1 to exhibit good diagnostic value in
both AD cohorts and that they may be ideal biomarkers for early diagnosis of AD.

Conclusion:

This study has provided a comprehensive description of the molecular signatures of
the Notch signaling pathway in AD peripheral blood and a potential diagnostic model for AD clinical
screening.
Deciphering the Interlinked CXCR4-Mediated Feedback Loop Among Signaling Pathways in Diabetic Wound Healing
Authors: Sandhanam K. , Bhattacharjee Bedanta , Rynjah Damanbhalang , Kalita Pratap , Sen Saikat , Chakraborty Raja
Published: December 2024

Diabetic chronic wounds and amputations are very serious complications of diabetes
mellitus (DM) that result from an integration factor, including oxygen deprivation, elevated reactive
oxygen species (ROS), reduced angiogenesis, and microbial invasion. These causative factors
lead to tenacious wounds in an inflammatory state, which eventually results in tissue aging and necrosis.
Wound healing in DM potentially targets C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) regulates
several signalling pathways. The CXCR4 signalling pathway integrated with phospholipase
C (PLC)/protein kinase-C (PKC) Ca2+ pathways, stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), and mitogen-
activated protein kinases (MAPKs) pathway for enhancing cell chemotaxis, proliferation, and
survival. The dysregulated CXCR4 pathway is connected with poor wound healing in DM patients.
Therapeutic strategies targeting CXCR4-based molecules such as UCUF-728, UCUF-965,
and AMD3100 have been shown to enhance diabetic wound healing by altering miRNA expression,
promoting angiogenesis, and accelerating wound closure. This study indicates that CXCR4
participation in various signalling pathways makes it essential for Understanding the healing of diabetic
wounds. Using specific compounds to target CXCR4 offers a potentially effective treatment
strategy to improve wound healing in diabetes. Our understanding of CXCR4 signalling and its
regulation processes will enable us to develop more potent wound care solutions for diabetic
chronic wounds. This report concludes that CXCR4's potential therapeutic targeting shows improvements
in diabetic wound repair. This review will demonstrate that CXCR4 plays a major
role in wound healing through its various signalling pathways. Targeting CXCR4 with certain agonist
molecules shows a therapeutic approach to potentially increasing wound healing in diabetes.
By enhancing our understanding of the CXCR4 signalling mechanism in future studies, we can develop
more potential treatments for chronic diabetic wounds.
Comprehensive Analysis of circRNA and mRNA Revealing Potential Mechanism Underlying Neuroinflammation in BV2 Cells
Authors: Jiang Shiyu , Zhang Xiang , Xu Jianghui , Liu Yi , Chen Wei , Zhang Jun , Wang Jing
Published: December 2024

Background:

The significance of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in diabetic complications
has been established. However, their role in basal and diabetic states, as well as cognitive
dysfunction, requires further investigation.

Methods:

BV-2 microglial cells were exposed to high glucose (50mM) and insulin (2μM) for 48
hours. The levels of interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factoralpha
(TNF-α) were assessed through quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), western
blot, and ELISA. CircRNA and messenger RNA (mRNA) sequencing were performed, and the
data were analyzed. Differentially expressed circRNAs and mRNAs were identified using
qPCR. The circRNA-miRNA interaction was predicted using Miranda and TargetScan software,
and their levels were quantified by qPCR.

Results:

The results demonstrated a significant increase in mRNA and protein levels of IL-1β,
IL-6, and TNF-α in BV2 cells treated with glucose and insulin. Five circRNAs (four upregulated
and one downregulated) were identified in both glucose and insulin groups compared to the
control. Further qPCR analysis revealed marked increases in the levels of chr17:40159331-
40159711+ and chr2:72800499-72801858- (mmu_circ_0010164) in both treatment groups. Competitive
endogenous RNA networks showed significant upregulation of mRNA levels of mitochondrial
transcription termination factor 1b (Mterf1b) and G protein subunit gamma 4 (Gng4),
accompanied by a decrease in mmu-miR-6918-3p and mmu-miR-7043-3p levels in the glucose
and insulin groups compared to the control. Knockdown of mmu_circ_0010164 significantly
inhibited the inflammatory response induced by glucose and insulin in BV-2 microglial cells.

Conclusion:

These findings indicate that both glucose and insulin can elicit inflammatory responses
in BV2 cells through the modulation of mmu_circ_0010164 levels. The underlying
mechanism may involve potential downstream targets of mmu_circ_0010164, specifically
mmu-miR-7043-3p/Gng4 and mmu-miR-6918-3p/Mterf1b. This provides novel insights into the
treatment of glucose-induced neuroinflammation.
Development of Ethical Competence Self-assessment Tool for Korean Physical Therapists
Authors: Cheon JiYeon , Kim MyungChul , Kim HaeIn , Kim Hyunsuk
Published: December 2024

Background

As society evolves, healthcare professionals face increasing ethical conflicts. Physical therapists, tasked with patient well-being, encounter unique dilemmas that require strong professional ethics. With rising public health standards, there is a growing expectation for these therapists to exhibit high ethical awareness.

Objectives

This study aimed to develop a self-assessment tool to evaluate the ethical competence of Korean physical therapists, assess current ethical levels, and provide data for programs aimed at improving this competence.

Methods

An eight-step process for tool development and evaluation was implemented. Data were collected through an online survey of physical therapists. To ensure effectiveness, item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and internal consistency reliability tests were conducted.

Results

The development process began with 70 items, which were refined to 48 through expert validation. An online survey with 219 physical therapists revealed five key factors explaining 65.4% of the variance, with factor loadings between 0.52 and 0.85. The internal consistency of the tool, measured by Cronbach's alpha, was 0.90, indicating acceptable reliability. The final assessment tool comprised 18 items.

Conclusion

This study successfully developed a validated self-assessment tool for measuring the ethical competence of physical therapists in Korea. The final 18-item tool, utilizing a 4 point Likert scale, is valid and reliable. It serves as a foundational resource for future research and educational initiatives aimed at improving ethical standards among Korean physical therapists.
Perspective on the Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Antioxidant Defense Strategies
Authors: Manap Aimi Syamima Abdul , Sivapragasam Gothai
Published: December 2024

Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are produced via a variety of endogenous and exogenous
mechanisms that lead to severe impairment in human diseases. Nevertheless, thanks to
the presence of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, which in favors of neutralizing these
species. Along with several non-enzymatic antioxidants with modest molecular masses, the human
body additionally possesses a highly potent intrinsic enzymatic antioxidant system. An imbalance
between oxidants and antioxidants in favor of the oxidants, leading to a disruption of redox
signaling and control and/or oxidative damage. These oxidative injuries are frequently linked to
cancer, aging, and neurological diseases. Direct measurements of the concentrations of reactive
species are nearly impossible due to their incredibly short half-lives and fairly expensive systems.
Therefore, rather than directly measuring reactive species, products created by oxidative damage
to proteins, lipids, and DNA are frequently utilized to estimate the degree of oxidative damage. These
oxidative damage products are typically referred to as biomarkers. The assessment of these biomarker
concentrations, as well as fluctuations in the concentration of protective antioxidants,
might provide significant information for preventing certain diseases and maintaining optimal
health. This study aims to summarize the data of the potential biomarkers related to the putative
ROS pathway that have been implicated. Additionally, the intervention using therapeutic exogenous
antioxidant as defense strategies in balancing the redox reactions and their ramifications has
also been discussed.
Molecular Docking Analysis of Herbal Medicines for Diabetes Mellitus Treatment
Authors: Sethi Amna , Haleem Madiha , Shar Nisar Ahmed
Published: December 2024

Background:

Diabetes Mellitus is a global health concern affecting millions of individuals
worldwide. It is characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from insufficient insulin production
or insulin resistance. Its high prevalence, especially in developing countries, such as Pakistan,
demands effective and economically viable treatments.

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to identify herbal remedies for effectively targeting
gluconeogenic enzymes in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. It aimed to explore herbal remedies
for providing cost-effective alternatives with lesser side effects for the treatment of diabetes by
targeting gluconeogenic enzymes.

Methods:

The proteins of the already-known diabetic herb Momordica Charantia (Bitter melon)
were initially investigated through molecular docking. Then, the proteins similar to the bestdocked
protein of Momordica Charactia were identified, and their molecular docking analysis
was performed.

Results:

The results showed three plants having similar proteins to the Momrodica Charantia
best-docked protein, namely Luffa Aegyptiaca (sponge gourd), Cucumis Sativus (cucumber),
and Cucurbita Maxima (Pumpkin). The molecular docking analysis of these proteins revealed
Cucumis Sativus (Cucumber) as a potential herbal candidate for the treatment of diabetes
mellitus.

Conclusion:

The results of this study highlight the potential of Cucumis Sativus (Cucumber) for
treating diabetes mellitus by targeting gluconeogenic enzymes. However, further research is necessary
regarding the therapeutic potential of cucumber.
Viability of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Circuits during Arterio-venous Shunting: An Observational Study of ECMO Circuits
Authors: Shrimpton Nicole YR , Black Anthony P , Venugopal Prem S , Alphonso Nelson , Mattke Adrian C
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Trial off veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is often performed by diversion of circuit flow through an arterio-venous shunt. Separation from the patient presents an augmented risk for microbiological growth and deterioration of the circuit components and blood circulating within it. It is unclear how long mechanical components and blood circulating within the circuit remain intact during arterio-venous shunting.

Methods

Following decannulation, the arterial and venous lines were connected simulating an arterio-venous shunt. Flow was maintained at 500 ml/min. Observations at 11 intervals were paired with blood culture, blood gases, chemistry and coagulation studies. Heparin was not provided in two circuits, and four circuits received 30 IU/hour.

Results

Of six circuits studied, five maintained flows of 500 ml/min for 48 hours. One circuit developed extensive clot after two hours and blood flow ceased. Microbial growth was not detected. Glucose, fibrinogen and platelet levels reduced progressively from the outset. Cell breakdown was evident by four hours (increase in plasma potassium and phosphate) and lactate rose above 6.3 mmol/L at four hours in all circuits.

Conclusion

Arterio-venous shunting longer than four hours carries a risk of blood decomposition and cell energy pathway depletion. Re-establishing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support post arterio-venous shunting carries a risk of physiological derangement, given the blood composition changes during arterio-venous shunting. Consideration should be given to an alternate method to assess the physiological stability of patients off extracorporeal membrane oxygenation prior to decannulation. Alternately, consider a crystalloid flush of the circuit to remove decomposed blood if the trial-off exceeds four hours.
A Benchmark Study of Protein Embeddings in Sequence-Based Classification
Authors: Simanjuntak Humasak Tommy Argo , Siahaan Lamsihar , Margaretha Patricia Dian , Manurung Ruth Christine , Purba Susi , Lumbantoruan Rosni , Barus Arlinta , Gonzales Helen Grace B.
Published: December 2024

Proteins play a vital role in various tissue and organ activities and play a key role in cell structure and function. Humans can produce thousands of proteins, each consisting of tens or hundreds of interconnected amino acids. The sequence of amino acids determines the protein's 3D structure and conformational dynamics, which in turn affects its biological function. Understanding protein function is very important, especially for biological processes at the molecular level. However, extracting or studying features from protein sequences that can predict protein function is still challenging: it takes a long time, is an expensive process, and has yet to be maximized in accuracy, resulting in a large gap between protein sequence and function. Protein embedding is essential in function protein prediction using a deep learning model. Therefore, this study benchmarks three protein embedding models, ProtBert, T5, and ESM-2, as a part of function protein prediction using the LSTM Model. We delve into protein embedding performance and how to leverage it to find optimal embeddings for a given use case. We experimented with the CAFA-5 dataset to see the optimal embedding model in protein function prediction. Experiment results show that ESM-2 outperforms from ProtBert and T5. On training, the accuracy of ESM-2 is above 0.99, almost the same as T5, but still above ProtBert. Furthermore, testing on five samples of protein sequence shows that ESM2 has an average hit rate of 93.33% (100% for four samples and 66.67% for one sample).
Lembar Kerja Mahasiswa Berbasis Proyek Etnosains pada Kajian Jamu Tradisional
Authors: Septiani Devi , Listiyani Laily Rochmawati
Published: December 2024

Integrasi budaya dan sains dalam perkuliahan dapat dipelajari melalui kajian etnosains. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan lembar kerja mahasiswa (LKM) berbasis proyek etnosains dengan topik jamu tradisional. Penelitian ini memodifikasi model pengembangan Plomp tanpa menyertakan fase implementasi. Model pengembangan dalam penelitian ini terdiri atas (1) fase investigasi awal (preliminary investigation); (2) fase desain (design); (3) fase realisasi/konstruksi (realization/construction); dan (4) fase tes, evaluasi, dan revisi (test, evaluation and revision). Teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara observasi, wawancara, dan studi referensi. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini berupa lembar kuesioner dan lembar validasi produk. Penelitian ini menghasilkan LKM yang inovatif memuat kegiatan proyek dengan kriteria valid dan layak digunakan dengan perolehan skor validasi 3,96 dengan kategori baik dan produk yang dikembangkan layak untuk digunakan.
Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Tulis dalam Menyelesaikan Soal HOTS
Authors: Ramadayanti Alvina , Supiat Supiat
Published: December 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana siswa menggunakan kemampuan komunikasi matematis tertulis dalam memecahkan masalah HOTS. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan naratif. Metode pengumpulan data meliputi hasil observasi, tes tulis, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini siswa dengan kategori tinggi dapat menulis,menganalisis,dan memahami informasi dengan benar dan tepat; mereka dapat mengubah konsep matematika ke dalam bahasa atau representasi matematika namun kurang tepat dalam melakukannya; mereka dapat menulis permodelan matematika dengan lengkap,runtut,dan benar; mereka dapat menulis kesimpulan jawaban dengan benar dan lengkap dalam bahasa mereka sendiri. Siswa dengan kategori sedang hanya dapat menulis permodelan matematika dengan lengkap, runtut tetapi terdapat kekeliruan dalam menuliskan simbol; mampu menuliskan kesimpulan jawaban dengan benar dan lengkap menggunakan bahasa nya sendiri. Siswa dengan kategori rendah hanya mampu membuat konsep matematika ke dalam bahasa atau representasi matematika namun kurang tepat dalam menuliskannya; mampu menulis permodelan matematika dengan lengkap,runtut,tetapi kurang benar.
Teachers’ Perception Towards the Integration of Artificial Intelligence in the Teaching of Mathematics in Senior Secondary School
Authors: Asanre Akorede Ayoola , Taiwo Taiwo Oluwadayo , Odupe Toyin Alaba
Published: December 2024

In many societies today, Artificial intelligence (AI) has developed into a disruptive force, and the system of education is only one example of how this technology is being used. Therefore, this study looked at the teachers’ perceptions in terms of perception, attitude, and experience towards incorporating AI into mathematics education in senior secondary school in Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria. Three research questions were raised to gather data from the respondents. A descriptive survey research design was used in this study with a sample comprised of 60 respondents, with 30 teachers from private and public senior secondary schools each selected from 20 schools. The instrument used was the Teacher Perception Towards AI Questionnaire (TPTAQ) with a reliability coefficient of 0.77. The results revealed that the perceptive level of the teachers towards AI integration was found to be high in terms of perception, attitude, and experience, showing that teachers embrace the use of AI in mathematics education in schools. Therefore, educators are advised to be well-trained in the application of AI technology to mathematics education.
Developing the Chemical Equilibrium-Scientific Habits of Mind Scale: Validity and Reliability Analysis
Authors: Pratama Faiz Ilham , Amalia Puspita , Rohaeti Eli , Laksono Endang Widjajanti
Published: December 2024

One of the challenges of the 21st century disruption era is the fast development of science and technology which was initiated by the hard work of scientists who have habits of mind. Habits of mind can be deepened into scientific habits of mind (SHOM) and can be encouraged to be used by students at the high school level. This research aims to develop and validate the SHOM questionnaire in chemical equilibrium. Modified 4D becomes an adapted development model. The questionnaire developed has 25 statement items originating from seven aspects of SHOM. Content validity was calculated using the Aiken V equation and involved seven expert judgments with 4 categories of answer choices and produced an average of 0.90, so the questionnaire tested content validity. Construct validity was calculated using the Pearson correlation coefficient involving 300 respondents from 7 public high schools and produced a mean of 0.581 which was above the r table (r table value = 0.113), thus meeting the construct validity criteria. The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated using Cronbach Alpha and got a mean score of 0.915 and the reliability was included in the very high category. Based on these findings, the SHOM questionnaire developed can be declared suitable for measuring SHOM for high school students.
Sustainimation: Media Animasi Terintegrasi SDGs “Konsumsi dan Produksi yang Bertanggung Jawab” pada Materi Perubahan Lingkungan
Authors: Agustang Agustang , Haerani Rosita Putri Rahmi , Suhartini Erna
Published: December 2024

Sampah masih menjadi masalah besar di Indonesia, mencerminkan pola konsumtif yang tidak ramah lingkungan. Sekolah dasar berperan penting dalam membentuk sikap peduli lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui proses, kelayakan, serta respon pendidik dan peserta didik terhadap media yang dikembangkan. RD digunakan dalam penelitian ini dan menggunakan model ADDIE. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 29 orang. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan angket dari ahli media, ahli materi, respon pendidik, serta respon peserta didik. Hasil validasi menunjukkan media sangat layak dengan nilai rata-rata 86,66% dari ahli media, 91,66% dari ahli materi, 93,33% dari pendidik, dan 87,22% dari peserta didik. Media ini layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran di kelas. Peneliti merekomendasikan mempertimbangkan keterbatasan Animaker tanpa langganan serta mengeksplorasi platform lain. Pengguna disarankan memiliki koneksi internet stabil dan menggunakan PC atau mode desktop. Peneliti selanjutnya dapat mengintegrasikan SDGs dengan materi lain.
Cognitive load analysis of adaptive learning technologies in special education classrooms: A quantitative approach
Authors:   Department of Educational Administration, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Ajloun National University, Ajloun, Jordan, Khasawneh Yusra Jadallah Abed , Khasawneh Mohamad Ahmad Saleem ,   Special Education Department, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
Published: December 2024

This study examines the effects of adaptive learning technology on cognitive load in special education classrooms using a quantitative approach. The research included students with various disabilities who interacted with adaptive learning tools such as Virtual Reality (VR), Gamification, and Artificial Intelligence (AI). Data analysis involved statistical methods like descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, correlation, and regression analyses. The findings indicate notable differences in the cognitive load associated with different technologies, with AI technology resulting in a higher cognitive burden compared to VR and Gamification. Additionally, factors such as academic performance, age, and gender were found to influence the level of cognitive load experienced by students. The results emphasize the importance of considering the cognitive demands of adaptive learning technologies and tailoring instructional design and technology integration based on individual needs. Recommendations are offered to educators, curriculum developers, and policymakers to enhance learning opportunities for students with disabilities.
Digital Information Ecosystems in Modern Care Coordination and Patient Care Pathways and the Challenges and Opportunities for AI Solutions (Preprint)
Authors: Chen You , Lehmann Christoph U , Malin Bradley
Published: December 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

The integration of digital technologies into health care has significantly enhanced the efficiency and effectiveness of care coordination. Our perspective paper explores the digital information ecosystems in modern care coordination, focusing on the processes of information generation, updating, transmission, and exchange along a patient’s care pathway. We identify several challenges within this ecosystem, including interoperability issues, information silos, hard-to-map patient care journeys, increased workload on health care professionals, coordination and communication gaps, and compliance with privacy regulations. These challenges are often associated with inefficiencies and diminished care quality. We also examine how emerging artificial intelligence (AI) tools have the potential to enhance the management of patient information flow. Specifically, AI can boost interoperability across diverse health systems; optimize and monitor patient care pathways; improve information retrieval and care transitions; humanize health care by integrating patients’ desired outcomes and patient-reported outcome measures; and optimize clinical workflows, resource allocation, and digital tool usability and user experiences. By strategically leveraging AI, health care systems can establish a more robust and responsive digital information ecosystem, improving care coordination and patient outcomes. This perspective underscores the importance of continued research and investment in AI technologies in patient care pathways. We advocate for a thoughtful integration of AI into health care practices to fully realize its potential in revolutionizing care coordination.
Enhancing Trauma Assessment with BERT: A Deep Learning Approach for Abbreviated Injury Scale Prediction (Preprint)
Authors: Tang Jun , Yin Xiang , Luo Keyu , Lai Jiangyuan , Li Yang , Wu Dongdong
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Deaths related to physical trauma impose a heavy burden on society, and the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) is an important tool for injury research. AIS covers injuries to various parts of the human body and scores them based on the severity of the injury. Due to the complexity of human body structure and the diversity of injury types, accurately identifying and classifying each type of injury based on its corresponding AIS code level is highly challenging. In practical applications, the complex coding rules of AIS require experts to classify injuries by reviewing patient medical records, which inevitably increases the difficulty and time cost of evaluation, and also puts higher demands on the workload of information collection and processing.

OBJECTIVE

we aimed to use advanced deep learning techniques to predict AIS codes based on easily accessible diagnostic information of patients, to improve the accuracy of trauma assessment.

METHODS

We used a trauma patient dataset (n=26810) collected by Chongqing Daping Hospital between October 2013 and June 2024. We mainly selected the patient's diagnostic information, place of injury, cause of injury, chief complaints, present illness history, injury locations, and injury types as the key feature inputs. We employed the robustly optimized BERT pre-training method to embed these features, thus constructing our BERT model. This model is designed to predict AIS codes and comprehensively evaluate their performance through 5-fold cross-validation. In addition, we compared the BERT model with previous investigation and current mainstream machine learning methods, to validate BERT model advantages in prediction tasks.

RESULTS

The BERT model proposed in this paper performs significantly better than the comparison model on independent test datasets, with an accuracy of 0.8971, which surpassed the previous study by 10 percentage points. In addition, the AUC value of the BERT model is 0.9970, and the F1 score is 0.8434. Among all the compared machine learning methods, the decision tree method achieved excellent performance in accuracy, AUC, and F1 metrics, with values of 0.8506, 0.9945, and 0.7049, respectively. These results indicate that our model has high generalization ability and prediction accuracy.

CONCLUSIONS

The BERT model we proposed is mainly based on diagnostic information to predict AIS codes, and its prediction accuracy is superior to previous investigation and current mainstream machine learning methods. However, validation in external databases is needed.
Uremic Pruritus: Pathogenesis and Therapeutics (Preprint)
Authors: Kulkarni Vishnutheertha , Mojica Isaiah , Grewal Tjinder , Lio Peter
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Uremic pruritus (UP) is a refractory condition that affects many patients with chronic kidney disease.
Objective: We present a systematic review of the RCTs performed to-date regarding the treatment of UP, assess them with the Jadad scoring system, and include only those with a score of ≥3.

OBJECTIVE

We present a systematic review of the RCTs performed to-date regarding the treatment of UP, assess them with the Jadad scoring system, and include only those with a score of ≥3.

METHODS

A literature search of the PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, and clincialtrials.gov databases was performed. Keywords included “uremic pruritus”, “uremic itch”, and “treatment”. Only full text RCT studies were included, and studies were assessed using the Jadad scoring system.

RESULTS

A diverse range of treatments have been studied in RCTs for UP, with only some showing improvement in pruritus greater than placebo.

CONCLUSIONS

Further research into efficacious treatments is needed to confirm current research data, with a focus on creating a clear treatment algorithm for providers that balance efficacy with adverse effects.
GIS-based calculation method to predict mining subsidence in flat and inclined mining: A comparative case study
Authors: Djamaluddin Ibrahim , Indrayani Poppy , Cai Yue , Jiang Yujing
Published: December 2024

Prediction of ground movements in the case of continuous subsidence is critically important for the planning of underground mining. Many calculation models are used to predict mining subsidence. A comprehensive method to render current calculation models superfluous can only come from a theoretical model, but the challenge remains in defining the parameters, given the great variety of rock structures found. Hence, innovation through a conceptual and technological study of the subsidence mechanism is needed to ensure that this problem can be solved satisfactorily. In this study, a new method is proposed to predict ground surface subsidence by combining a stochastic medium concept with Geographic Information System (GIS) technology. All subsidence computations are implemented within GIS, where spatial components are used to conduct the subsidence prediction analysis. This paper includes simulations of basic subsidence phenomena and a comparative study of the GIS-based calculation method’s suitability against the empirical method from the Subsidence Engineer Handbook (SEH), semi-empirical influence function models, and numerical modeling. First, the influence of basic extraction area categories on the character of mining subsidence at the surface for flat seam layers is verified. Second, subsidence and horizontal displacement profiles are compared for both gently and steeply inclined mining. Finally, the verification of calculated horizontal strain values for an actual case of inclined irregular mining is also conducted. The comparative results of subsidence predictions for flat and gently sloping mining demonstrate the suitability of the GIS-based calculation method for use in underground mining strategy.
Causal Inference in Transport Policy Evaluation: Principle, Method and Application of Regression Discontinuity Design
Authors: Xiao Siyi , Leng Anli , Lin Xiaoli , Cheng Zeming , Tang Bin
Published: December 2024

The methods of causal inference have swept the social sciences in recent years, and regression discontinuity design is one of the typical methods in causal inference. In the field of estimation and impact of traffic policy in developing countries, the research on cause-and-effect relationships is extremely limited. This paper introduces the principles, methods of regression discontinuity design, research application in the field of transport policy, and compares regression discontinuity design with methods of causal inference on the advantages and disadvantages in the field of transport policy. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the regression discontinuity design method into the field of transport policy evaluation, to look forward to its application prospects and to provide basic support for the application of regression discontinuity design in the field of developing countries' transport policy.
Qualitative Study on the Use of Red Scarves by Young Pioneers
Authors: Chen Yingzhu
Published: December 2024

The Chinese Young Pioneers is a grassroots mass organization specifically established for Chinese children and youth, with the main goal of guiding them to learn the core values of communism and striving to shape them into active contributors and successors to the future socialist and communist cause. The red scarf, as a symbol of the Young Pioneers, carries glorious historical memories and serves as a distinct identity symbol for its members, which should be properly cherished. Wearing a red scarf not only enhances the organizational identity and sense of belonging of Young Pioneers, but also plays a positive role in promoting their understanding and acceptance of collectivist values. The red scarf is not only an external unified form, but also carries the deeper meaning and value of education. This study focuses on the phenomenon of abnormal and standardized behavior in the use of red scarves by young pioneers in the current context of ethnic minority areas in China. By observing and analyzing the specific usage of red scarves by Young Pioneers in ethnic regions, the aim is to reveal the multiple factors that lead to the improper use of red scarves and explore the complex socio-cultural roots behind it. Further propose relevant strategies from an educational perspective to standardize the use of red scarves by Young Pioneers, aiming to promote the comprehensive improvement of Young Pioneers' educational practices, and hoping to stimulate extensive thinking on how to optimize Young Pioneers' educational methods.
Medium Theory Research Based on Reflections on the Relationship between Medium and Time
Authors: Ge Yuzhen
Published: December 2024

American sociologist David has mentioned that different societies cultivate different concepts of time, in which the understanding of social structure cannot be separated from the development of medium. What kind of relationship exists between medium, society and time, what kind of realistic orientation they have in the empirical world, and how we understand and face this relationship. Friedrich Kittler's investigation of the medium history found that medium manipulates the timeline, and Hartmut Rosa's theory of accelerated society explains several alienation phenomena encountered in modernity. This article aims to understand the role and function of medium in it, expecting to perceive and respond to the alienation in the accelerated society.
Service Quality Analysis of Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) Training Centers in Nueva Ecija Province
Authors: Portana Joepet G.
Published: December 2024

Using the SERVQUAL model, this study analyzed the service quality provided by TESDA Training Centers in Nueva Ecija, Philippines. The research aimed to define service quality through five dimensions: tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. The study revealed that there is a strong positive perception among respondents regarding various service dimensions of the SERVQUAL model. Participants expressed high satisfaction with the tangible services, reliability, responsiveness, professionalism, and empathy demonstrated by the staff of the training centers. Overall, the findings indicate that the TESDA training centers in Nueva Ecija effectively meet the needs of their clients, fostering a supportive and competent learning environment.
The Effect of Number of Branches and Level of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Growth and Yield of Melon (Cucumis melo L.)
Authors: Kinanti Sekar , Sebayang Husni Thamrin , Widaryanto Eko
Published: December 2024

This study was conducted with the aim of examining the effect of the number of branches and the level of nitrogen fertilization on the growth and yield of melon (Cucumis melo L.). The study was conducted using a factorial completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors, namely, the number of branches (J1: 1 branch and J2: 2 branches) and the level of nitrogen fertilization (N150, N175, N200, N225 and N250). Observation parameters included plant length, number of leaves, leaf area, flowering time, number of flowers, chlorophyll content, and fruit yield (quality). The results showed that the number of branches and the level of nitrogen fertilizer gave significant results on growth parameters. The application of a higher nitrogen fertilizer level of 250 kg N ha-1 generally increased plant growth in the 1 branch treatment (J1) and increased fruit weight in the 2 branch treatment (J2). This study indicates that the right number of branches and nitrogen fertilization levels can increase melon production.
A Bibliographic Analysis of United Nations Integrated Missions
Authors: George Jyothisson
Published: December 2024

This paper gives insights into the bibliographic analysis of the integrated mission of the United Nations (UN) over the last two decades. The data were analysed using a visualization tool, VOSviewer, for bibliometric analysis to provide insights into the present research areas, and emerging trends related to the study and also to understand the gap in research and the trend of work and the future direction of work. The data were retrieved and fine-tuned from the Web of Science database during the period 2005-2024 for the present analysis. The methodology includes searching and screening for related articles in a Web of Science database, software selection and extraction of datasets, and lastly, analyzing the obtained results and patterns followed. This study also illustrates that the quantum of UN-related articles has increased in the last two decades by 11.29%. The significant contribution of Organizations among the UN agencies, including the World Health Organization (WHO) and among the Universities is the University of London. The visual overlay map of the co-occurrence of author keywords shows that keywords “United Nations”, “Co-ordination”, “management”, and “governance” are frequently occurring in the relevant published work. The results of the research area show that environmental sciences and ecology, veterinary sciences, public health and occupational health are the topics more focused for publication. The keyword occurrence map reveals that many topics are still not explored enough like terrorism, peace keeping and religiosity.
Unlocking Opportunities: The Socioeconomic Impact of Quality Education
Authors: Ali Masoom
Published: December 2024

Education highly enables the individual to get better job opportunities, which leads to personal development, social development, and economic stability (UNESCO, 2021). Education equips the individual with skills to sustain their career, business, and financial life. Higher educational attainment often tends to be associated with higher wages in the workforce (Hanushek & Woessmann, 2020). In addition, education improves quality of life, social empowerment, and economic stability at the national level (World Bank, 2018). Individuals with a good educational background are more likely to make better decisions in planning for their families, managing finances, and achieving economic independence (OECD, 2019). Education is not just about income; it also develops personal growth, financial security, and social development (Psacharopoulos & Patrinos, 2018). It is a trigger for skill building, social status, and quality of life. Poverty, inequality, injustice, unemployment, child marriage, and discrimination can be discouraged through education (UNDP, 2019).
Resignificaciones. Proyectos para jardines históricos en Morelia, México, en el siglo XX
Authors: Prieto Martínez Ana Lucía , Ettinger Mc Enulty Catherine R.
Published: December 2024

El Centro Histórico de la ciudad de Morelia posee doce jardines públicos cuya imagen y fisonomía actual sugieren que se han mantenido intactos desde sus orígenes en el siglo xix. El objetivo de este artículo es mostrar cómo, principalmente en el siglo xx, fueron transformados para usos deportivos y para la instalación de juegos infantiles, para posteriormente ser remodelados para conformarse a la idea de una ciudad colonial con la finalidad de fortalecer la actividad turística. Se basa en fuentes documentales inéditas, prensa, fotografía y planimetría.
Sobreúso del término ‘territorio’ como mecanismo para la desterritorialización urbana
Authors: Maturana Cossio Beatriz
Published: December 2024

En academia y medios de comunicación, el término ‘territorio’ es repetido sin cuestionamiento para referirse a todo y decir nada. En esta reflexión intento demostrar que su sobreúso es deliberado y su propósito es la ‘desterritorialización urbana’ de todo lo que el término ‘territorio’ rehúye; su esencia material y terrestre y los conceptos de país, nación, ciudad, región, provincia, comuna, lugar, o barrio. Con ello se desafía también la división política-administrativa del país, que ha servido para enriquecer y comunicar ideas precisas y necesarias para el desarrollo urbano. Todos somos susceptibles a ser capturados por descuido en este ‘territorio’.
Pengaruh Produk, Harga, Tempat, dan Kualitas Layanan Islami Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian di Omah Dewe Malang
Authors: Haqiqi Muhammad Akhbarul , Rifa'i Mochamad Novi , Aprilianto Fitrian
Published: December 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of Islamic product, price, place, and service quality on purchasing decisions at omah dewe Malang. This study used a quantitative approach to the research subjects of omah dewe Malang customers. The analysis tool in this study was to use smartPLS 4.0 software using SEM (structural equation modeling) analysis. The respondents in this study were 150 respondents in omah dewe Malang. The results of this study indicate that Islamic products, prices, places, and service quality have a significant effect on purchasing decisions at omah dewe Malang.
SEMIÓTICA JURÍDICA: O DISCURSO JURÍDICO E A INTERPRETAÇÃO DO FENÔMENO LINGUÍSTICO CONSUBSTANCIADA NA LINGUAGEM PARA A COMPREENSÃO DA LEI E SUA APLICABILIDADE
Authors: Albuquerque Rosangela Nieto de
Published: December 2024

Na ciência jurídica o pensamento está articulado ao discurso e requer uma organização linguística para expressar o que se propõe, pensamento e linguagem permeiam a interpretação pragmática do mundo, dos códigos linguísticos e também das normas constitucionais. Direito requer um rigoroso processo interpretativo, nesse sentido, a pesquisa perpassa pelo estudo da semiótica jurídica e os elementos linguísticos e textuais do discurso jurídico, como instrumentos de interpretação e reconstrução do Direito. O presente estudo tem como objetivo refletir sobre a importância dos símbolos e signos, estudos da semiótica, na análise do sentido principalmente na efetividade das normas que dependem do significado e sentido do texto. O estudo é uma pesquisa bibliográfica, no contexto do discurso jurídico e pela interpretação do fenômeno linguístico, consubstanciada na linguagem, na comunicação e na semiótica, contribuindo para compreensão da lei e sua aplicabilidade.
Potentialities of science comics for science communication: lessons from the classroom
Authors: Faria Cláudia , Valente Bianor , Torres Joana
Published: December 2024

The aim of this pilot study was to understand how the use of science comics, centred on complex scientific knowledge, can promote students' engagement with science, in order to discuss its potentialities as a tool to communicate science for the general public. The qualitative study involved 175 students and 7 teachers. The results revealed that the use of comics significantly increases students' motivation and commitment to the learning tasks. All participants highlighted that the narrative nature of comics, with a mixture of text and images, offering a story to follow, contributed to their engagement with the scientific topic, regardless of their complexity.
Apresentação: Teorizar o emocional: antropologia e emoção no cruzamento entre a violência e a política
Authors: Coelho Maria Claudia , Sirimarco Mariana
Published: December 2024

A história da constituição das emoções como um objeto das Ciências Sociais é atravessada por um desafio: sua associação, pelo senso comum ocidental, ao polo “excluído” de suas oposições fundadoras. É assim em sua vinculação ao indivíduo (versus a sociedade) ou à natureza (versus a cultura). Essa associação se desdobrou também, no início da formação do campo, em uma inclinação pela formulação de objetos de estudo vinculados à “vida privada” – o corpo, a sexualidade, a saúde/doença. Nas últimas décadas, o campo da Antropologia das Emoções apresentou um conjunto de novas questões voltadas para a compreensão do lugar dos sentimentos, das sensibilidades e das emoções na chamada “vida pública”. Este dossiê aprofunda o debate sobre a emoção como ferramenta de análise em áreas de pesquisa ligadas a essa esfera, como o ativismo, as políticas públicas – ambientais, humanitárias, de saúde – e as burocracias penais e judiciais. O foco está nessa linha temática, com especial atenção para o trabalho pontual das emoções em fenômenos situados no cruzamento entre a(s) violência(s) e o político, de modo a analisar o potencial do emotivo na administração de identidades, memórias, significados e relações que são tanto políticas como institucionais no contexto de diversos grupos e áreas de pesquisa.