bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Socio-Economic Mobility of Youth: Factors, Obstacles, and Potential Solutions
Authors: Hanna Andrew Leon
Published: November 2016

In the face of record levels of youth unemployment and starkly unequal opportunities to climb the socioeconomic ladder, young people are facing difficult challenges. From early childhood to young adulthood, there are several key obstacles to socioeconomic mobility that emerge. These include availability of early childhood education, level of peer support during adolescence, secondary school funding and quality, and skills development and job matching as a young adult. This article explores the dynamics of these critical obstacles, analyzes initiatives that are successfully helping young people overcome these obstacles around the world, and makes policy suggestions to create a society in which young people have strong opportunities to fulfill their potentials and advance socioeconomically. The article focuses on the state of socioeconomic mobility of young people in the United States, drawing on examples of successful models from all over the globe.
Bold Ideas for the 4th H in 4-H: Teen Identified Concerns and Actions
Authors: Brown Virginia , Braun Bonnie , Leatherman JoAnne
Published: November 2016

This article summarizes a literature review; teen-identified health concerns and issues; and teen bold ideas for actions. Findings from the National 4-H Council and Molina Healthcare Teens Take on Health initiative are provided and implications for 4-H programming tied to the new Cooperative Extension National Framework for Health and Wellness are addressed. The article is intended as background for Extension educators, volunteers and administrators as they review the 4-H Healthy Living Mission Mandate, learn what mattered to teens and consider how to incorporate the findings into state and local 4-H youth development programming.
The Choices, Challenges, and Lessons Learned from a Multi-Method Social-Emotional / Character Assessment in and Out of School Time Setting
Authors: Shapiro Valerie B. , Accomazzo Sarah , Claassen Jennette , Fleming Robitaille Jennifer L.
Published: November 2016

Out-of-School-Time (OST) programs are increasingly recognized as a venue to actively engage children and youth in character development activities, but little guidance exists as to how to assess individual children and youth in OST environments for the sake of evaluating their character development. This research brief uses an illustrative case study to reflect upon the experience of selecting and completing a strength-based, multi-modal social-emotional / character assessment that used a direct assessment and a multiple informant behavior rating scale in an OST setting. Insights derived from the case study reveal opportunities and challenges associated with each assessment modality. This paper shares lessons learned with those conducting individual assessments in OST environments and with those seeking to improve our capacity to complete screening, formative, and summative assessments of social-emotional and character constructs in OST youth development programs to help children.
Cross-Cultural Perspectives After Participation in the YES Program: A Pilot Study
Authors: Fuentes Vanessa E. , Goncy Elizabeth A. , Sutherland Kevin S.
Published: November 2016

Abstract:  Guided by empowerment and ecological theories, the Youth Empowerment Solutions (YES) program facilitates character development through activities based in cultural differences, team building, and social change. This pilot study consisted of two focus groups (n = 13) of middle school youth conducted after their participation in an abbreviated version of the YES program. Specifically, the present study examined youth’s cross-cultural perspectives after participation. The focus groups were transcribed and coded for emergent themes using Heaton’s (2005) supplementary data analysis framework. Qualitative analysis resulted in two emergent themes: 1) enhanced appreciation for similarities and differences in cultural and ethnic backgrounds, and 2) the role of respect in understanding differences and confronting stereotypes. Specifically, youth reported that engagement in this program fostered positive awareness of cultural differences and respect for inter-ethnic relationships. The findings provide support for the benefits of the YES program on moral development and promotion of healthy peer relationships.
INFLUÊNCIA DE PARÂMETROS GEOMÉTRICOS NO COMPORTAMENTO DA LIGAÇÃO MISTA VIGA-PILAR PREENCHIDO COM CHAPA PASSANTE
Authors: De Nardin Silvana , Tineo Rafael Pereira
Published: November 2016

RESUMO: Neste artigo é apresentado o desenvolvimento de um modelo numérico de ligação mista viga-pilar preenchido com chapa passante. Além do desenvolvimento do modelo, foram realizadas análises paramétricas com objetivo de avaliar a influência de parâmetros geométricos tais como taxa de armadura da laje, perfis de aço da viga mista e diâmetro dos parafusos. O estudo deu-se por meio das seguintes etapas: desenvolvimento de modelo numérico validado com base em resultados experimentais encontrados na literatura e posterior análise paramétrica. Para a modelagem numérica utilizou-se o pacote computacional Ansys® por meio do método dos elementos finitos. São apresentadas as principais diretrizes adotadas na escolha dos elementos finitos, propriedades dos materiais e relações constitutivas, condições de contorno e vinculações, carregamentos e outros aspectos referentes à modelagem numérica. Os resultados mostraram que dentre os parâmetros analisados, a taxa de armadura resultou no parâmetro mais significativo para a capacidade resistente da ligação mista. As principais contribuições do estudo compreendem, a apresentação da influência de determinados fatores na capacidade resistente da ligação mista viga-pilar com chapa passante, bem como a comprovação da eficácia da metodologia de estudo de ligações por meio de análises numéricas.

ABSTRACT: In this paper is presented the development of a numerical model of a composite connection connecting a composite beam to a concrete filled steel tube column using a through steel plate. In addition to the development of the model, parametric analyses were performed in order to evaluate the influence of geometric parameters such as reinforcement ratio of slab, I-steel sections of composite beam and diameter of the bolts. The study came about through the following steps: development of numerical model validated by comparison with experimental results and after parametric analysis. The software Ansys® and finite element methods were used in the numerical analyses. The main guidelines adopted in the choice of finite elements, material properties and constitutive relationships, boundary conditions and restrains and other aspects of numerical modeling are presented and discussed in this paper. The numerical results showed the reinforcement ratio of the slab is the most significant parameter to the resistance capacity of the beam-to-column connection. The main contributions of this study include the presentation of the influence of the geometric parameters to the resistance capacity of the beam-to-column connection, as well as proof of the effectiveness of the methodology of study of connections by numerical analyses.
SLIM FLOOR: MÉTODO DE DIMENSIONAMENTO E ESTUDO PARAMÉTRICO
Authors: De Mesquita Santos Vander Júnior , Machado de Lima Débora , Harger Sakiyama Felipe Isamu
Published: November 2016

RESUMO: Slim Floor é um sistema de pisos mistos aço-concreto de pequena elevação no qual a laje de concreto encontra-se embutida na altura da viga de aço, estando apoiada na mesa inferior do perfil. Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar essa tipologia de estrutura, verificando a sua eficiência frente à conformação mista convencional de lajes e vigas, comumente conhecida como Steel Deck. Este artigo apresenta a metodologia de dimensionamento de um pavimento Slim Floor bem como os resultados de cálculo para uma estrutura Steel Deck, obtidos por meio do software VigaMix. Foram realizadas análises que envolveram parâmetros como o peso da viga, altura do piso, consumo de concreto e deformação. Dessa maneira, o sistema Slim Floor apresentou vantagens quanto aos aspectos construtivos, econômicos, estéticos e, principalmente em relação à altura total do pavimento. A maior contribuição deste estudo foi oferecer uma orientação para o dimensionamento de Slim Floor, visto que os critérios para a concepção deste tipo de estrutura ainda não se encontram totalmente consolidados nas normas atuais.

ABSTRACT: Slim floor system is a mixed steel-concrete floors small elevation in which the concrete slab is built on the height of the steel beam, being supported on the lower flange of the profile. This work aimed to study this type of structure, checking their front efficiency to conventional mixed forming slabs and beams, commonly known as Steel Deck. This paper presents the design methodology of a floor Slim Floor as well as the calculation results for Steel Deck structure obtained through VigaMix software. Analyses were performed involving parameters such as the weight of the beam, floor height, concrete consumption and deformation. In this way, Slim Floor system had advantages as the constructive, economic, aesthetic, and especially in relation to the total height of the floor. The major contribution of this study was to provide guidance for the design of Slim Floor, as the criteria for the design of this type of structure has not yet been fully consolidated in the current standards.
Better Procurement by Comparing the Behavior of Electronic and Non-Electronic Procurement
Authors: Wibowo Galih
Published: November 2016

Paradigm of administrative change the procedures method of government procurement, particularly the open auction method through a pattern of electronic procurement (e-proc). However, the development of e-proc has not been applied to the direct procurement system to purchase the stuf of governmental or procurement goods. Direct Procurement system adheres to a slightly different mechanism with the concept of an open auction. This difference implies the actor behavior in both methods is different too. Studies comparing the behavior of the both actors / organizer on the electronic procurement (public tender) and non-electronic (direct procurement) was conducted to determine the level of performance of government procurement. The factors and impact each of the procurement methods have been studied for understanding advantages and disadvantages of each method, so that it can formulate better procurement models.
Escala de Atribuições de Causalidade de Estudantes do Ensino Fundamental (EAVAT-EF)
Authors: Boruchovitch Evely , Santos Acácia Aparecida Angeli dos
Published: November 2016

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo de examinar as propriedades psicométricas de uma escala deatribuição de causalidade para sucesso e fracasso escolar para alunos do Ensino Fundamental. Aescala foi construída com originalmente 55 itens fechados em forma de escala Likert, de três pontos,relacionados às dimensões locus e controlabilidade da causa. Foi aplicada a uma amostra de 668estudantes do Ensino Fundamental. A análise fatorial revelou o bom funcionamento de 35 itens e umaestrutura bifatorial: fator 1 - causas para fracasso e 2 causas para o sucesso. Os índices de consistênciainterna, aferidos pelo Alpha de Cronbach, foram 0,91, respectivamente, para a escala total, 0,92 para ofator 1 e 0,83 para o 2. A variância total explicada foi de 29,03%. Espera-se que a escala possa ser útila pesquisadores e educadores.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Higher Education Studies, Vol. 6, No. 4
Authors: Lin Sherry
Published: November 2016

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Higher Education Studies, Vol. 6, No. 4, 2016
Challenges of Innovation for Chinese Small and Medium-sized Enterprises: Case Study in Beijing
Authors: Alqahtani Khaled Mohammed
Published: November 2016

Innovation has been regarded as one of important impetuses to gain competitive advantages and achieve sustainable development for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the past thirty years. However, SMEs in China have currently confronted a lot of problems impairing their innovation performance. This study aims to identify the main challenges hindering successful innovation of Chinese SMEs. Based on the previous academic studies, there are five research variables are developed and evaluated: lack of financial support, inadequate research and development (R&D) activities, the shortage of technical and skilled employees, weak entrepreneur orientation, improper governmental and legal environment. Furthermore, the primary data are collected by structured-questionnaires from 120 SMEs in Beijing. According to the research results analyzed by SPSS, it reveals that lack of financial support and inadequate R&D activities are major challenges for Chinese SMEs to achieve innovation. The shortage of technical and skilled employees as well as the improper governmental and legal environment is other barrier. Therefore, more responsibilities and actions should be taken by the government and SMEs themselves to enhance the innovation capability of Chinese SMEs. On the other hand, only one factor—weak entrepreneur orientation, is not regarded as a key challenge. This indicates Chinese entrepreneurs have increasingly realized the significant role of innovation played in the survival and long-term prosperity of SMEs recently.
Studying the Relation between the Transformational Leadership and Employees Empowerment (Case Study of Bank Passargad of Iran)
Authors: Salek Soudabe , Khoeini Fatemeh
Published: November 2016

The aim of this research is to investigate relationship between transformational leadership and employee’s empowerment working in Pasargad bank. Population under the study consists of all staff employees of Pasargad bank equals to 535 individuals. Research sample is of 204 individuals who have been selected by simple random sampling method. Instruments used for measuring the study include two standard questionnaires for transformational leadership and empowerment which enjoy considered validity and Stability. For analyzing research data, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient has been used and results indicated that there is a meaningful relationship between Idealized features, Idealized behavior, Intellectual Stimulation, Inspirational Motivation, Individualized Consideration and employee’s empowerment. In other words, there is relationship between transformational leadership and employee’s empowerment.
Youths Involvement in Self-Help Community Development Projects (SHCDPs) in Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
Authors: O. Mbagwu, F. , Abba Mannir, , N. Ewelum, J. , C. Ezema, M.
Published: November 2016

In developing countries like Nigeria, every citizen has the right to be involved in any development activities that is targeted at meeting the “felt needs” of their community rather than wait endlessly for government intervention. Self-help community development activities like construction and maintenance of community roads and rural electrification among others, are expected to be facilitated by all the stakeholders in the community, including the youths who are legitimately the future custodian of the welfare of their community and the greatest investment that can be utilized to mobilize local material resources for the community as well as the country’s development. This study therefore poses that, if youths are recognized as clear assets in self-help community development projects, the youths with their wealth of experiences and energy can be engaged effectively in meaningful tasks for the improvement of their environment. Thus, the issue of youth migration or abandonment of projects can also be ameliorated. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected on self-help projects embarked on in the communities studied, areas of youths involvement in self-help projects and the constraints encountered by youths. Findings of the study revealed that the Nsukka communities studied embarked on rural electrification, construction of boreholes and water drainage facilities among others; the areas of youths involvement in self help community projects was low; while youths not given free hands to be involved in SHCPs and parents not allowing their youths to be involved in SHCPs among others, were constraints to youths involvement in self help community projects. Recommendations were made based on the findings of the study.
Kim jest Bóg i gdzie mieszka? Analiza semiotyczna postaci Boga w percepcji dziecięcej w rodzinach praktykujących katolików
Authors: Bzymek Agnieszka
Published: November 2016

The text concerns the issue of children’s perception of God. I link it to the semiotic analysis and Charles Sanders Peirce’s triadic concept of sign. Making use of the theories as well as the interviews concerning the perception of the character of God I demonstrate that the child interprets the world through contact with symbolic reality and through giving reality some meaning. Giving meaning applies to listening to the message as well as to analysing the conditions under which it occurred in a specific situation and finally to interpreting received content. The analysis of the interviews was done on the basis of semiotic analysis.
Особенности самопрезентации ребенка в дошкольном возрасте
Authors: Журавлёва Инна
Published: November 2016

The results of a study on self-presentation in the light of the history of mankind and culture are presented. A definition of self-presentation as a phenomenon closely related to child development is given. The peculiarities of self-presentation are shown by an analysis of the structure of preschoolers’ self-consciousness. A typology of preschool children’s self-presentation is presented.
Lung Carcinoma Staging Update
Authors: Dacic Sanja
Published: November 2016

Context.—

The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer Staging Committee has prospectively created an international lung cancer database that was used to address many lung cancer staging questions, such as tumor size, nodal status, and metastatic disease. The proposed changes for the upcoming 8th edition of the cancer staging manual were based on survival data and better prognostic stratification of patients with lung cancer.

Objectives.—

To review published recommendations for the revision of lung carcinoma TNM staging and to address potential challenges in pathologic staging.

Data Source.—

PubMed available articles by the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer Staging Committee were reviewed.

Conclusions.—

The TNM system remains the best prognosticator of lung cancer outcome. The recommendations are established on new prospective data analysis and reflect the improvements in prognostic separation of patients with lung cancer based on a multidisciplinary approach.
Anatomia do lenho de duas espécies sul-brasileiras do gênero Mimosa L. e subsérie Obstrigosae (Benth.) Barneby
Authors: Machado Paulo Fernando Dos Santos , Marchiori José Newton Cardoso
Published: November 2016

São microscopicamente descritos os lenhos de Mimosa parvipinna Benth. e Mimosa ramulosa Benth. Ambas as espécies apresentam porosidade difusa, placas de perfuração simples, pontoações arredondadas, alternas e ornamentadas, parênquima paratraqueal, fibras libriformes, cristais romboédricos no contato parênquima/fibras e raios heterogêneos. Mimosa parvipinna separa-se facilmente de Mimosa ramulosa por ter raios mais estreitos e baixos em número de células.
Instruction and Learning through Formative Assessments
Authors: Bossé Michael J. , Lynch-Davis Kathleen , Adu-Gyamfi Kwaku , Chandler Kayla
Published: November 2016

Teachers can use rich mathematical tasks to measure students' conceptual understanding.
The Cake Contest
Authors: Haberern Colleen
Published: November 2016

Students used a pinch of this (a 3D printer and geometry software) and a cup of that (various volume formulas) to complete a tiered task.
Using Scaffolding to Scale-up Justifications
Authors: James Carolyn , Casas Ana , Grant Douglas
Published: November 2016

Encouraging students to justify earlier as they attempt to solve an open-ended task can lead to greater understanding and engagement.
Rough-Draft Talk in Mathematics Classrooms
Authors: Jansen Amanda , Cooper Brandy , Vascellaro Stefanie , Wandless Philip
Published: November 2016

This article describes a useful approach, called rough-draft talk, to create a classroom culture in which talking is used as a tool in the classroom.
Zero Pairs: Learning about Additive Inverses
Authors: Dickman Kasandra , Bofferding Laura
Published: November 2016

This department explores a game used to help students learn about additive inverses, or “zero pairs.” Authors describe some common reasoning that students used while playing the game and provide activity sheets geared toward students in grades 5–7.
Consider Cyanocides to Control Cyanotoxins
Authors: Bleth Joel
Published: November 2016

A promising new lake‐management approach opens the possibility of reducing or eliminating cyanotoxins at less cost and without the damage traditional cyanobacteria treatment options can cause.
The 21st century projections of ground water level and hydrothermal conditions in Lithuanian peatbog ecosystems
Authors: Kažys Justas , Rimkus Egidijus , Edvardsson Johannes
Published: November 2016

Peatlands play a  very important role in the  carbon sequestration process. However, human activity and ongoing global environmental change shifted peatlands from carbon sinks to source because warmer climates could accelerate the rate of production of carbon dioxide and methane from soils. The peatland ecosystems are very complex, but ground water level (GWL) and hydrothermal conditions (precipitation and evaporation) fluctuations are major drivers determining the state of the ecosystem. This research focuses on four peatbogs situated in different parts of Lithuanian: Aukšumala, Čepkeliai, Kerėplis, and Rėkyva. The future GWL tendencies are based on the relation to precipitation amount. Also, difference between precipitation and evaporation (P-E) was projected in near- (2016–2035) and long- (2081–2100) term future using four RCPs. The results revealed that the  major changes in peatland ecosystems (for peat accumulation) covering the entire Lithuanian territory are predicted at the end of the 21st century. The most drastic changes in the peatlands will be related to major shifts in climate system (RCP8.5 scenario). Moreover, the  major GWL and hydrothermal conditions changes are expected in the peatlands situated in the western part of Lithuania.
THE INFLUENCE OF LOCALITY AND FERTILIZATION ON BUCKWHEAT QUALITY
Authors: Đurđić Igor , Govedarica Branka , Jakšić Tanja , Jugović Milan , Kravič Miloš , Radović Radenko , Milić Vesna
Published: November 2016

Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) is a plant species which hasbeen spreading in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the last decade. Because of its briefvegetation period, this crop species is especially interesting for hilly-mountainousregions. In 2015, the experiments were set in three localities (experimental field ofthe Faculty of Agriculture “Kula”, private economy “Sando” on the Nišići plateauand private economy “Jugović” in Mokro), and two variants of fertilization (controlvariant – without the use of organic and mineral fertilizers and the use ofN60P60K70). The Slovenian sort Darja was used for the experiments. The analysis ofseed quality included the following analyses: humidity content (%), mineralmatters content (%), protein content, starch content, carbohydrates content. Intesting the qualitative characteristics for all localities and fertilizations wedetermined: 14.2% of humidity in seed, 1.47% of mineral matter in a peeledbuckwheat grain, 11.88% of proteins in a peeled buckwheat grain, 51.9% of starchin a peeled buckwheat grain and 71.87% of carbohydrates.
RURAL TOURISM IN APULIA REGION, ITALY: RESULTS OF 2007-2013 RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME AND 2020 PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Schiavone Francesca , El Bilali Hamid , Berjan Siniša , Zheliaskov Aleksandr
Published: November 2016

Apulia Region has many resources for rural tourism development. The reviewpaper analyses opportunities of Apulia region (south-eastern Italy) in rural tourism.The paper describes financial instruments of the European Union (EU), mainly theEuropean Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD), allowing ruraloperators to develop innovative and unique rural tourism offer. An important shareof the EAFRD is dedicated to diversification including rural tourism. The papersheds also light on opportunities offered by 2007-2013 Rural DevelopmentProgramme (RDP) of Apulia region and the role of Local Action Groups (LAG).The manuscript illustrates as well tourism statistics evolution in the period 2007-2013. The paper ends with perspectives offered by the new RDP 2014-2020, thatwas just approved; it specifically focus on new financing measures for strategies todevelop incoming rural tourism in Apulia region and cooperation networks amongLAGs.
ECOLOGICALLY BASED DISEASE MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES IN BARLEY CULTIVATION IN THE CENTRAL BLACK SOIL REGION
Authors: Lukin Alexey , Yeprintsev Alexander , Fedorin Dmitry , Maraeva Olga , Selyavkin Sergey
Published: November 2016

At present, there are microbiological Bacillus-based products used to preservevaluable micro biota and improving the level of biological soil productivity as wellas sustaining the local environment. The research focuses on discovering how someparticular biological products and autochthonous microorganisms influence theyield capacity of barley grown in the Black-Earth region of Russia. The researchobjectives included a search for autochthonous strains of microorganisms thatimprove resistance to diseases, estimation of how biological products contribute tothe quality of barley seeds, biological products effect on the spread and diseaseresistance and estimation of how biological products enhance the yield capacity ofbarley. The paper describes the results of identification of an autochthonousBacillus strains. PCR diagnostic methods were used to confirm the strain specificorigin of two sample cells extracted from soil (S1 and S2). The study involved theanalysis of micro biota of leached chernozem, which revealed the autochthonousstrain of Bacillus S1 having a germicidal effect. The S1 strain revealed Bacillussubtilis and Bacillus сеreus, while S2 revealed only Bacillus subtilis, as detected bythe method of molecular diagnostics based on using species-specific primers.Biological treatment of the seeds improved their sowing qualities, namely,germination readiness and germination capacity. In addition, it was found out thatsuch treatment improves the resistance to disease affection and spread. Bacillus S1,in particular, reduces the disease affection by 16,5 % and the disease spread 3,5 asmuch. Finally, the experiment demonstrated that biological treatment cancontribute to sustaining healthy environment for the plants and thus increase theiryield capacity.
EFFECT OF EXCLOSURE ON RUNOFF, SEDIMENT CONCENTRATION AND SOIL LOSS IN EROSION PLOTS
Authors: Khaledi Darvishan Abdulvahed , Gholami Leila , Hadi Ghorghi Jabar , Spalević Velibor , Katebi Kord Azadeh , Mohammad Amini Hero
Published: November 2016

Nowadays watershed and rangeland management projects play the important rolein water resources and soil management worldwide. Although watershed andrangeland management projects have the considerable importance as approaches torural areas development and natural resources management, more studies havebeen focused on their effects on sediment and their effects on soil erosion haverarely been considered. The present study was conducted in two treated and controlsub-watersheds with exclosure treatment and under grazing respectively, inKhamsan representative watershed with an area of 4337.27 ha in south ofKurdistan Province, Iran. Three plots were installed in each western, northern andeastern slopes for the runoff volume and coefficient, sediment concentration andsoil loss measurement. The exclosure treatment was operated for installed plots intreated sub-watershed from 2007. Then, all the data of runoff volume andcoefficient, sediment concentration and soil loss from USLE standard plots in bothcontrol and treated sub-watersheds for 52 events over the years 2009 to 2014 werecompared and evaluated. Therefore, in order to the number of plots and subwatersheds,18 USLE standard plot data were finally recorded and analysed foreach storm event. The results showed the significant (p≤0.05) decreasing effect ofexclosure treatment on runoff volume, sediment concentration and soil loss at plotscale. Finally, decreasing rates of 15.68, 6.13, 16.67, 24.37 and 21.43% due toexclosure respectively for runoff volume and coefficient, sediment concentration,soil loss and sediment yield were obtained. The variables of runoff volume, soilloss and sediment yield had statistically significant differences (p≤0.05) in treatedand control sub-watersheds. The sediment concentration variable had p value of0.058 and therefore the effect of exclosure treatment on sediment concentrationwas also significant (p≤0.06).
WEATHER CONDITIONS IN THE 2013 -2015 GROWING SEASONS FOR MAIZE IN CROATIA AND BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
Authors: Kovačević Vlado , Radić Vojo , Iljkić Dario , Jović Jurica , Majdančić Meho
Published: November 2016

Maize is the main field crop on the arable lands in Croatia and Bosnia andHerzegovina (B&H). In the 2001-2010 period, maize was grown on 333,736 ha(average yield 6.50 t ha-1) in Croatia and 195,800 ha (4.42 t ha-1) in B&H. Yieldvariations among years were from 3.86 to 7.98 t ha-1 and from 2.74 to 5.13 t ha-1,respectively. Aim of this study was survey of maize yield and weather data(precipitation and mean air temperature) in Croatia and B&H in the 2013, 2014 and2015 growing seasons. Average yields of maize were 6.5, 8.1 and 6.5 t ha-1(Croatia), 4.0, 5.0 and 4.1 t ha-1 (B&H) in 2013, 2014 and 2015, respectively.The 2014 growing season was very favorable for maize growth. Precipitation andtemperature in April-September period were as follows: 520 mm and 18.2oC(Osijek), 910 mm and 17.2oC (Varazdin), 731 mm and 18.5oC (Bijeljina), 1228 mmand 18.0oC (Banja Luka). These precipitation values are higher by 41% (Osijek),75% (Varazdin and Bijeljina), and 116% (Banja Luka) compared to averages 1961-1990. In extremely unfavorable 2012 (yield 4.34 and 2.74 t ha-1, in Croatia andB&H, respectively), precipitation and temperature at the same period were 293 mmand 20.0oC (Osijek), 461 mm and 18.8oC (Varazdin), 288 mm and 21.0oC(Bijeljina), 488 mm and 20.1oC (Banja Luka). However, in 2013 and 2015, yields,precipitation and temperature regimes in both countries were more close to averagevalues. Considerable variation of precipitation in the short 2012 -2014 period andhigher temperatures are in accordance with climate change.
SOIL LOSS ESTIMATION OF S7-2 CATCHMENT OF THE SHIRINDAREH WATERSHED, IRAN USING THE RIVER BASIN MODEL
Authors: Spalević Velibor , Behzadfar Atefeh , Silva Tavares Andre , Moteva Milena , Tanaskovik Vjekoslav
Published: November 2016

This study aims to estimate the soil loss of S7-2 Watershed of Shirindareh RiverBasin in Iran, using a simple but comprehensive “River Basin” model for erosionclassification and prediction of erosion potential. Peak discharge from the S7-2Watershed was calculated on 65 m3s-1 for the incidence of 100 years; the net soilloss on 4397 m³km-², specific 178 m³ km-² per year. The results of the research andearlier application of the “River Basin” model in the studied area of the ShirindarehRiver Basin in Iran shown that this approach is a good tool for rapid assessment oferosion risk to support decision-making and policy development.
ANATOMICAL STUDIES OF DROUGHT TOLERANCE RELATED TRAITS OF 26 WHEAT VARIETIS IN IRAN
Authors: Abbasi Maryam , Faghani Elham , Soghi Habibollah , Hossein Khani Ali
Published: November 2016

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is known as a drought semi-tolerant species.Reduction in wheat growth and yield are the most common responses to drought orsalt stress mainly caused by an inhibition of leaf expansion and stem elongation.One of the important abiotic stress factors limiting wheat production in semiaridregions is drought. Recent climate changes such as temperature changes anddecreasing rainfall in different regions of Iran have had significant impact on agroecosystemsand have caused drought stress to become a severe limiting factorin wheat production. This research was conducted for evaluation of leaf anatomicaland cytological traits of 26 wheat varieties in Golestan province (Iran) over 40years in order to identify the most effective traits in determining maximum yieldpotential. The width and length of vascular bundles, diameter of meta xylem,distance between vascular bundles to upper and lower epidermis, fiber bundlesdiameter and width of midrib and lamina were measured. Finally, based on theanatomic results, wheat varieties with the highest adaptation ability to droughtstress were identified and introduced.
DETERMINATION OF NATURAL RADIONUCLIDE IN PIG PRODUCTION CHAIN IN MACEDONIA BY GAMMA SPECTROMETRY
Authors: Nakov Dimitar , Trajchev Metodija , Angjeleska Aleksandra , Belichovska Katerina , Pacinovski Nikola
Published: November 2016

Exposure of animals to ionizing irradiation may be a important pathway fortransfer of radionuclides to human food chain, thereby adding to the exposureburden. Therefore, radiation control of animal feeds and animal products willreduce risk for radioactive hazards to human health. The study was carried out inorder to detect the natural radioactivity in edible parts of pigs, excrements andfeeds in one commercial pig breeding farm in Macedonia. Therefore, 40K, 212Pb,214Pb, 228Ac, 235U, 241Am, 212Bi, 214Bi, 232Th, 7Be and 226Ra were measured usinggamma spectrometry. Gamma spectrometer Canberra Packard with a high-puritygermanium detector and Marinelli beakers (1 l capacity) were used for the samplesmeasurement. The most prominent gamma energies observed in the spectrabelonged to the naturally occurring radionuclides 40K, 235U and 232Th. Othernuclides if present occurred infrequently at low levels. The result show that 40Kmade the largest contribution to the specific radioactivity in all the samples. Themean activity concentration of the 40K in edible organs (kidney and liver), muscle,excrements and feeds was: 73.39±9.109 Bq/kg; 111.26±3.88 Bq/kg; 298.80±38.51Bq/kg; 83.60±10.279 Bq/kg, respectively. The 235U and 232Th were detectible onlyin feed samples (0.53±0.293 Bq/kg; 163.69±23.791 Bq/kg, respectively) andsamples from excrements (0.25±0.021 Bq/kg; 58.17±1.062 Bq/kg, respectively).The other radionuclides were detected only in few samples and the measuredactivities were below the detection limit. If we take in consideration the activityconcentration of the most frequently occurred 40K found in all samples, than therewas statistical significant difference between radioactivity concentration in organs,muscle, excrements and feeds (p<0.001).
CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE BETWEEN CONCEPT AND APPLICATION
Authors: Hamdy Atef , Aly Adel , Driouech Noureddin
Published: November 2016

The challenges of agricultural sustainability have become more intense in recentyears with the sharp rise in the cost of food, energy and production inputs, climatechange and water scarcity. The question is how to meet such challenges? Howshould be agriculture in the 21st century? The worldwide scientific and empiricalevidences highlighted the important role could be achieved through rapid adoptionand spread of conservation agriculture (CA). Experience worldwide over the pastfour decades has demonstrated how CA through the simultaneous application of aset of practices of minimal mechanical soil disturbance, organic soil cover anddiversified cropping can lead to greater and stable yields, better use of productioncosts, enhanced crops, soil and ecosystem health, and improved climate changeadaptability and mitigation. However, despite of the beneficial effects of the CA onthe environment sustainability and in improving productivity and economics, yetthe question arise: why CA is not spreading faster and why then do the majority offarmers are still using other tillage implements? This could be mainly attributed tothe fact that much of the current production system science and education as wellas the policy and institutional support systems for the modern tillage-basedagricultural practices are not suitable to transformation towards enhanceconservation agriculture. Furthermore for a greater number of countries there islack of knowledge about CA systems and their management and absence of fundedresearch and extension services. The needed enabling policies, and practical actionsto promote the transformation of current production systems towards CA ones willbe fully discussed in this paper.
НЕКЊИЖНА ГРАЂА У ЗАВИЧАЈНИМ ФОНДОВИМА НАРОДНИХ БИБЛИОТЕКА - прикупљање, обрада и чување –
Authors: Дуновић Татјана
Published: November 2016

Завичајни фондови представљају систематски прикупљану,класификовану и каталошки обрађену библиотечку грађу која се сво-јим садржајем односи на завичај и његове становнике. Као посебноиздвојена збирка, која се састоји од библиотечке грађе свих формата,ова збирка захтјева другачији приступ селекцији, обради, смјештају икоришћењу.У раду су укратко приказани критеријуми по којима се грађа сакупљау завичајне збирке, те врсте библиотечке грађе које обухвата завичајнифонд, а посебна пажња је посвећена каталошкој обради и примјенимеђународног стандарда за обраду некњижне грађе, као и стручној ипредметној обради, приказана кроз примјере у пракси.Народне библиотеке, без обзира на величину могу се издвојити својомбогатом, разноврсном и квалитетно сређеном завичајном збирком, укојој ће некњижна грађа као незаобилазни дио завичајног фонда, упот-пунити слику културних вриједности локалне средине.
ПРИМЕНА ISBD (NBM) СТАНДАРДА У НАРОДНОЈ БИБЛИОТЕЦИ СРБИЈЕ
Authors: Трифунац Јасмина
Published: November 2016

С обзиром на то да је некњижна библиотечка грађа веомаразличита по својој форми и појавном облику донето је више стандар-да који се користе у каталошко-библиографској обради ове грађе. Поднекњижним јединицама подразумевају се јединице које преносе идеје,информације и естетске садржаје у форми која није књига. Стандардкојим се дефинише библиографски опис највећег броја некњижне гра-ђе је ИСБД(НБМ). У раду је представљен кратак историјат, сврха ициљ стандарда за библиографску обраду некњижних јединица. Акце-нат је стављен на кључне разлике између стандарда за обраду моно-графских публикација и стандарда за обраду некњижне грађе. Крозпримере праксе Народне библиотеке Србије представљена су подручјау којима се огледају посебности у обради ових јединица. Најуочљивијеспецифичности при каталошкој обради некњижног материјала виде секод одређивања извора података, код општих и посебних ознака грађеи код напомена које дају преглед садржаја. У раду се напомиње и даИСБД(НБМ) стандард не даје чврста ограничења по питању врстематеријала на коју се односи, па је тиме омогућена каталошка обрада инових врста библиотечке грађе која је настала као производ модернихи савремених производних технологија.
ТРИ КОРАКА ДО МЕТОДСКОГ УПУТСТВА ЗА БИБЛИОГРАФСКУ ОБРАДУ СЛИКОВНЕ ГРАЂЕ
Authors: Попара Славен
Published: November 2016

ISBD(NBM) прописује каталошка правила за библиографскиопис десет различитих врста некњижне грађе, што је дефинисано дода-тком В овог међународног стандарда за библиографски опис некњиж-не грађе. Пракса у обради сликовне грађе, што је усвојен термин уНародној библиотеци Србије, показала је да ISBD(NBM) стандард даједобар оквир за идентификацију и библиографски опис некњижне гра-ђе, али велики број дилема и недоумица у библиографској обради овеврсте грађе и даље је присутан у свакодневној пракси. Сликовну грађукарактерише доминантно присуство слике у односу на текст, па јенедостатак извора података тешко ускладити са принципима библио-графске обраде. Усвајање посебног методског упутства за библиограф-ску обраду сликовне грађе, усагласило би тренутно присутне, различи-те приступе у обради, а оним библиотекама у којима је ова врста грађенеобрађена дало подстицај да почну са њеном обрадом.Консултације и размена искустава обрађивача сликовне грађе био бипрви корак до израде методског упутства. Досадашња сарадња библи-отекара Посебних фондова Народне библиотеке Србије и библиотека-ра Посебних збирки Библиотеке Матице српске у Новом Саду имала језа циљ уједначавање елемената уноса у ове две институције. Рад раз-матра елементе библиографске обраде за које су везане највеће недоу-мице. Коришћена су искуства библиографске обраде сликовне грађе уНародној библиотеци Србије, као и белешке са састанака са обрађива-чима из Библиотеке Матице српске. Као пример добре праксе у радудат је приказ упутства које је развила Конгресна библиотека у Вашин-гтону. Рад се бави упоредном анализом усвојених каталошких правилаКонгресне библиотеке са праксом у Народној библиотеци Србије.Формирање стручног тела састављеног од библиотекара са вишегоди-шњим искуством на обради сликовне грађе био би следећи потребанкорак у поступку израде и усвајања методског упутства. Методскоупутство за обраду сликовне грађе би унапредило каталогизацију сли-ковне грађе на свим нивоима и у свим детаљима.Овај рад има за циљ да користећи запажања из досадашње праксе убиблиографској обради сликовне грађе у Народној библиотеци Србијеи анализирајући упутство које се користи у Конгресној библиотеци уВашингтону укаже на потребу израде детаљног методског упутства забиблиографску обраду сликовне грађе које би унапредило каталогиза-цију ове врсте грађе у нашим библиотекама.
РАЗГЛЕДНИЦЕ И ФОТОГРАФИЈЕ У БИБЛИОТЕЦИ - ОБРАДА СЛИКОВНЕ БИБЛИОТЕЧКЕ ГРАЂЕ ПРЕМА СТАНДАРДИМА И ПРОБЛЕМИ У ПРАКТИЧНОМ РАДУ СА ОСВРТОМ НА ПОЈЕДИНА ПОДРУЧЈА ОПИСА
Authors: Милорадовић Маша
Published: November 2016

Рад је посвећен каталошкој обради специфичних, а међусо-бно сродних врста некњижне грађе у библиотеци – фотографија и раз-гледница. После терминолошког разграничења, дати су општи прегле-ди и поређење посебног стандарда за ту врсту грађе ISBD (NBM) инајновијег обједињеног издања ISBD. Указује се на проблеме утврђи-вања одређених података релевантних за библиографски опис. Иакостандарди допуштају да се у одређена поља описа уносе усвојене скра-ћенице у случајевима када нам неки елементи нису познати, то не битребало каталогизатора да ослободи потребе да исцрпи све располо-живе начине како би утврдио одређене податке.Тема рада проистекла је из потребе да се укаже на одређене проблемеу примени стандарда и да се кроз низ примера из праксе посебна паж-ња посвети утврђивању и врсти појединих елемената описа. Подаци оаутору, месту, издавачу и времену настанка описиване јединице (фото-графије или разгледнице), врло често се не налазе на изворима који супрописани стандардима. Истраживањем и утврђивањем ових података,свака јединица сликовне грађе добија на информативној вредности иможе послужити за најразличитије потребе и намене, које им могудати корисници. На каталогизаторима је да те потребе антиципирају ида ту грађу, доста дуго третирану само као „помоћни“ или „илустрати-вни“ материјал, кроз каталоге понуде корисницима равноправно сасвим осталим библиотечким јединицама.Иако нам нове технологије омогућавају дигитализацију, брзо умножа-вање, размењивање и свакојако кориштење сликовне грађе у стварномили виртуелном свету, добра каталошка пракса никако не сме остатизанемарена. Напротив, тек са правим каталошким описом, утврђивањем што више релевантних података, правилном класификацијом,јединица сликовне грађе добија на целовитости и значају.
ДИГИТАЛНА НАРОДНА БИБЛИОТЕКА "ФИЛИП ВИШЊИЋ" БИЈЕЉИНА
Authors: Живић Валентина
Published: November 2016

У Народној библиотеци ’’Филип Вишњић’’ Бијељина, одјануара 2010. године се спроводи пројекат ’’Дигитализација завичајногфонда, старе и ријетке књиге’’. У овом раду дато је рјешење јавнедигиталне библиотеке. Рад сажима кратко теоријско објашњење о зна-чају и дигитализацији завичајних фондова у народним библиотекама,садржи приказ програма дигитализације грађе Народне библиотеке''Филип Вишњић'' Бијељина. Поред описа реализације дигиталне биб-лиотеке у раду је описан кориснички и администраторски интерфејсреализоване библиотеке. Електронски каталог старе и ријетке књиге ипроблем усклађивања метадата података, конвертовање библиограф-ских записа из библиотечке базе података у метаподатке. Иако је про-блематика дигитализације у свијету јасно означена и представља забиблиотекаре нови изазов, код нас још увијек нема планског усмјера-вања ка дигитализацији, као облику заштите и промоције књижне,рукописне и некњижне грађе. У раду су отворена и нека питања о пот-реби успостављања јасних смјернице за дигитализацију старе и ријеткекњиге јер не постоји национална стратегија за установљење , очување,заштиту, промовисање, коришћење завичајних фондова, ни на тради-ционални ни на савремени начин, који као основну претпоставкуукључује процес дигитализације. У последњем поглављу дата су кљу-чна разматрања на који начин дигитална библиотека пружа корисни-цима (студентима, наставном особљу) бржи, једноставнији и квалитет-нији приступ новим публикацијама. Корисник користи свој browser даби поставио упит и добио податке преко Web-a.Кроз приказ дигиталне грађе, рад је проткан и занимљивом причом оважним детаљима из историје Бијељине.
ELEKTRONSKI IZVORI ZA SAMOEDUKACIJU U BIBLIOTEKAMA: IDENTIFIKACIJA, SELEKCIJA I NABAVKA ELEKTRONSKIH IZVORA – GLOBALNI KONCEPT
Authors: Milekić Ljubica
Published: November 2016

Ovaj rad obuhvata globalni koncept kreiranja projekta izbora, nabavke, testiranja i stavljanja na raspolaganje elektronskih izvora za samoedukaciju, preciznije izvora čija je namena učenje stranih jezika. Predstavlja takođe i kratak osvrt na značaj ovakvog vida učenja.
НОВЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИЈЕ ЧИТАЊА, Е КЊИГЕ, БИБЛИОТЕКЕ
Authors: Матијевић Милица
Published: November 2016

Библиотека оријентисана ка кориснику перманентно раз-мишља о променама за добробит корисника. Таква библиотека мораузети у обзир електронске документе као део своје грађе.Библиотеке за децу и младе се надају да ће на овај начин оживетинавика читања. Нове генерације навикнуте да велики део свог временапроводе уз технологију можда ће у будућности прихватити књигу самоу њеном електронском облику. Читање књига преко електронских уре-ђаја можда је једни начин њеног опстанка.Електронске књиге су дигитализоване, виртуелизоване верзије књигакоје се могу читати преко рачунара или посебних уређаја – читачаелектронских књига.Електронске књиге се најчешће презентују у PDF формату и могуће ихје на рачунару читати помоћу апликације Acrobat Reader. Oвај форматпрепознаје и већина читача електронских књига.На Интернету већ дуги низ година постоји активно тржиште електрон-ских књига. Највећа виртуелна књижара Амазон је 2011. године јепрви пут продала већи број књига у електронском него у папирномоблику. Оваквом развоју догађаја свакако је допринео и развој техно-логије која омогућава кориснику да у сваком тренутку располаже снеколико хиљада наслова.У часопису Library Journal из 2012. године нашао се и податак даЦОСЛА у будућности даје предност Е књигама у односу на класичнекњиге. Захтев за повећаном набавком електронских публикација рас-тући је тренд у библиотекама у свету. Да би опстале у новом послов-ном окружењу библиотеке у Србији морају унети промене у своје пос-ловање.
ЕЛЕКТРОНСКИ ИЗВОРИ СА ДАЉИНСКИМ ПРИСТУПОМ, САВРЕМЕНА УСЛУГА У ЈАВНИМ БИБЛИОТЕКАМА
Authors: Родаљевић Драгослава
Published: November 2016

Савремена библиотечка пракса је обогаћена обиљем инфор-мација доступних на електронским изворима. Електронске изворе садаљинским приступом чине подаци доступни преко Интернета штоподразумева да их често не можемо описати јер нам нису јасни лока-цијски подаци, ком серверу се приступа, ког је типа и капацитета и дали је сервер у земљи или иностранству, ко је власник и финансијер.Доступност података је такође променљива као и садржај. У овом радуће бити дат преглед неопходних корака као би се успешно развијалауслуга коришћења електронских извора са даљинским приступомпрвенствено са становишта јавне библиотеке у малим срединама уСрбији. Рад ће се бавити потребама корисника за овом услугом и какоту потребу развијати код циљних група. Разматраће се и неопходнипредуслови за успешан развој ове врсте услуге.