bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FUTURE UNDERGRADUATE ENGLISH LANGUAGE CURRICULUM FRAMEWORK FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN BANGLADESH
Authors: Wali Obaid
Published: July 2020

Present Government of Bangladesh has taken a vow to transform underdeveloped Bangladesh to a developed one and it is moving forward with the slogan of ‘Digital Bangladesh’. Government of Bangladesh is determined to reshape the existing teaching-learning pattern in world-class
mode by applying technology and curriculum renovation formula and it is quite clear from the National Education Policy 2010 published by the Ministry of Education. Bangladesh Government has put much emphasis on English language skill development at all the sectors of education. Our English
curriculum is not learner-centered and nor does it take into account the market demand and stakeholders’ requirements. Now-a-days English graduates are opting for various professions in Bangladesh, but, to tell frankly, their curriculum is not preparing them to enter diverse professions.
General objective of this research is to figure out a future career- oriented undergraduate English curriculum for sustainable development. To meet the goals of SDG (SDG-4) an updated curriculum plays a significant role and Bangladesh is working to materialize the SDG goals. This study follows
qualitative approach and it is based on document analysis. This study looks into the existing undergraduate English curriculum in Bangladesh, makes an in-depth analysis, points out its shortcomings and finally proposes a technology-based, career-oriented, learner-friendly, skill-based curriculum.
Curriculum theories and foundations of education have been taken into consideration. Moreover, English curricula of two universities of Nepal have been consulted. The policy makers and curriculum developers will find the findings of the study relevant.
THE ADVANTAGES OF DISTANCE EDUCATION FOR WORKING PROFESSIONALS: AN INDIAN PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Saha Moumita , Choudhary Kavita , Chakrabarty Madhurima , Mukherjee Dibyajit
Published: July 2020

Distance learning is a specialized form of teaching and learning system where learners are connected with educational resources. This system is specifically designed to be carried out remotely by using electronic communication for those learners who aren’t enrolled in educational
institutions. Popular distance learning education includes video technologies, Webcast, MP3 recordings, videoconferencing, information delivered over internet, etc. Distance education can benefit students with scheduling or distance problems along with working professionals for who timing
can be a problem.Companies nowadays not only look for skilled professionals but prefer to hire people who have a professional degree along with the desired skill set. There are thousands of people in India who could not pursue a higher degree after their graduation and moved into the corporate
sector. India as a whole is a developing country and most graduates join a job to support their family in monetary terms. Also for a labour intensive country like India, more men are required for field jobs. Hence, distance learning is a boon for such professionals because it is time flexible
and cheaper than a regular program. The demand for distance learning education has also grown over the recent years. After privatization has set in the Indian scenario, education system has been hit hard leading to the growth of distance education. Along with creativity and technological advancements,
distance education has been given a definite shape. This paper thus portrays, that programs like these are a good platform for working professionals to make their dreams come true.
UNFOLDING THE “THIRD SPACE OF ENUNCIATION”: WRITING, TEACHING AND LEARNING THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN THE POSTCOLONIAL ERA
Authors: Nayek Swati
Published: July 2020

This paper deals with the trajectory of writing, teaching and learning the English language in the postcolonial era applying Homi Bhabha’s theory of “the third space of enunciation” that he develops inThe Location of Culture(1994). Writing, teaching and learning the English language has radically changed with postcolonialism, which generally refers to the period following independence, implying a process of decolonizing its aura as the ‘Queen’s English’ within a hybrid framework which gestures towards fluidity and creation of new transcultural forms within that ‘third space’ where cultures of colonizer and colonized meet. This makes the process of writing teaching, and learning the English language a hydrodynamic act, signifying fluidity and flexibility and also a subjective effort leading to the creation of one’s own identity in the postcolonial world which is fluid and hybrid in nature. This paper mainly focuses on rewriting the English language in the colonial aftermath with special reference to Arundhati Roy’sThe God Of Small Things(1997)
ETHNOCENTRISM AND TECHNICAL COMMUNICATION: STUDY IN WEST BENGAL’S TECHNICAL EDUCATION CENTRES
Authors: Das Sandipan , Bardhan Debanjan , Rakshit Raktim , Bhattacharyya Debaditya , Barui Riya
Published: July 2020

The growing number of students from outside West Bengal coming into the engineering degree colleges in recent years gave birth to a new challenge in the field of technical communication which is based on ethnocentric biasness of the different regional groups inside the class room. Ethnocentrism
is judging another culture on the basis of the values and standards of one’s own culture. Ethnocentric individuals form their opinion of other groups relative to their own ethnic group or culture, especially with concern for language, behavior, customs, and religion. These ethnic contrasts
and subgroups serve to define each ethnicity’s distinct cultural identity. The classroom getting divided into different small groups of regional students, the communication between different ethnic and cultural groups are getting narrowed down, causing provincialism to rise among certain
groups. The article advocates the adoption of a more harmonious perspective in light of the convergence of cultures and seeks for alternative methods of mixing up of different peer groups inside the class room.
ENGLISH AS A MEDIUM OF INSTRUCTION IN TEACHING IN COLLEGES/UNIVERSITIES
Authors: Bhattacharya Swati
Published: July 2020

There are two types of academic communication system prevalent in India in the issue of medium of instruction i.e the regional language system and the English language system. However, this system seizes to exist in college or university levels and the options are mostly limited to
either English or one regional language of that state. The option of regional language is also often restricted and at certain places, it is only either English or Hindi. The question of how much the students are affected by this language policy of universities can be felt better when one
engages himself/ herself in interacting or teaching any subject other than the language in colleges/universities. I will discuss in this paper, the effectiveness of using English as a medium of instruction while teaching in college/university and the problems students generally come across
when English is not their first language. Current language politics in India is an exemplary case of the issues and controversies surrounding linguistic globalization. A primary characteristic of linguistic globalization is the increasing spread and domination of the English language, which
we can capture by the term ‘global English’. As a post-colonial democracy, India provides a context for examining linguistic globalization that is generalizable to other cases. Furthermore, in juxtaposition to the homogenizing tendency of global English, India embraces multilingualism;
its federal system is based on its linguistic diversity. If we narrow down then more than effectiveness, it is rather the imposition of English as the medium of instruction as the medium and it’s associated problematics will be discussed.
USING CONCEPT MAPS IN ENGLISH TEACHING
Authors: Hussain Habiba
Published: July 2020

English teaching has been a matter of great concern among faculty especially those teaching in technical institutes. Students of such colleges do not bother much about taking care of grammar. They have their own ideas related to English as a language as also for Communicative English.
In this paper the use of concept maps in teaching certain concepts of English grammar has been explored. Concept maps have been used across different subjects for betterment of student learning. They can enable teachers to shift their students from an environment of rote learning to that of
meaningful learning. Students can think more analytically once they can link the different concepts.Besides the enhancement of cognitive skills, the concept maps also encouraged learning among students based on principles of constructivism. When students construct their own knowledge,
it helps to transform information from short-term memory to long-term memory.An attempt has been made in this paper to study the response of engineering students who were taught using concept maps. Endeavour has also been made to observe the different purposes for which teachers used the
concept maps. It is well known and realised by teachers now that traditional lectures will no more fit into our system once we talk of outcome based education. Therefore, it is also intended through this paper to inspire teachers to use other techniques in classroom teaching for better involvement
of students.
CAT’S EYE ON ENGLISH
Authors: Banik Namrata Dutta
Published: July 2020

We are passing through a century where ‘what is the first language and what is the second language’ is not the principal question. The question is, which language has the power to communicate and exchange one.s views to the known and unknown of extreme north by sitting in
the extreme south. English? Bengali? Hindi? Japanese? or any other? Whichever we opt for, should serve the ultimate purpose, to know and to be known, but shouldn.t be at the cost of detaching the roots we had. The proper blend and mixture can help one conquer the world.
ENGLISH AS A CORPORATE LANGUAGE
Authors: Pyne Anish
Published: July 2020

Language is very important because it helps us to communicate and interact with the people around us. English plays a major role in the field of education and corporate level. There are many reasons why English is the most important language in the world. English is very important in
our day-to-day business world. In this 21stcentury English has become an universal language, English plays a crucial role in regards to employment, trade and commerce, research works, entertainment, communication and many more.
Importance of Day to Day Communication in English
Authors: Sharma Aadriza Sen
Published: July 2020

English is one of the most spoken languages around the world and India has the second largest English speaking population in the world after the United States of America. Around 125 million people in India speak in English. Out of the 7.5 billion people in this planet, 1.5 billion people
speak English, that is 20% of the world. In this day and age, globalisation is spreading at a drastic speed, where businesses are operating at an international scale, English has become the main mode of communication and interaction. English has become an integral part of our educational,
professional, and personal life. Everyone around the world understands the importance of English in current economic condition. Especially in India, which is the home to many different languages and dialects, English has become the basic mode of communication among different language speaking
groups of people. Most importantly, the best way to learn something is my day to day practice and application and that is why, English has a great deal of importance in day to day communication.
Psycholinguistics - A Study on how it affects effective communication
Authors: Das Sandipan , Dutta Arkaprovo , Biswas Sayantani , Majumdar Kashyap
Published: July 2020

Coined by Jacob Robert Kantor in 1936, the term Psycholinguistics is a vast topic to analyze. It may be termed as a plethora of cognitive processes that make it possible to generate a grammatical and meaningful sentence out of grammatical structures and vocabulary as well as the series of steps that makes it possible to understand words, texts, articulation, etc. Essentially a branch of study that combines psychology and linguistics, psycholinguistics is basically concerned with the relationship between the human mind and the concerned language. Communication is a two-way process, not just involves two groups on both ends of the transmission line, but also a number of factors in general. The most important thing among them is the human mind. How it encodes and decodes the message signal en route to effective communication. Here, human psychology plays a vital role. If broken up, a number of areas crop up including Phonetics, Morphology, Syntax, Pragmatics, etc. Therefore, this paper is more or less a study on how the extreme extravaganza of Psycholinguistics affect effective communication in general and in the process chalk up a camaraderie with subtopics like the aforementioned.
The Importance of CPD of in-service EFL Teachers in Indonesia: Suggestions for Collaborative Professional Development
Authors: Purnamasari Asri
Published: July 2020

This essay aims to explore the need of in-service teachers of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in Indonesia to pursue Continuing Professional Development (CPD) by explaining what this means for the teachers and including some perspectives, types, and implementation of CPD. Based
on some explorations of related literature reviews, my reflections on teaching practice, and some recent issues concerning Teacher Development (TD) in Indonesia, some suggestions for collaborative Professional Development (PD) is offered. As the result, this essay outlines the advantages of
implementing collaborative PD to fulfil the needs of in-service TEFL in Indonesia, which could be acquired through mentoring as one way to pursue CPD. Based on related literature review, this essay will give suggestions on applying collaborative PD through mentoring which, it will be argued,
can generate positive impacts for in-service TEFL in Indonesia. By mentoring, teachers may have opportunities to do self-reflection, appreciate their achievements, have some correction on their practices, and learn from others’ practices as well as help one another. It is hoped that
this essay may give useful information and knowledge for teachers, teacher educators, trainers, and governments about the needs of CPD and why implementation of collaborative PD through mentoring in Indonesia is recommended. For further research, this essay may contribute to some extension
of related studies or suggestions from other teachers or researchers based on their experiences and perspectives of pursuing CPD through collaborative PD.
OUTCOME BASED EDUCATION - EASIER WAY TO ACHIEVE YOUR GOALS
Authors: Saha Soumya , Goswami Debroop , Pramanik Anindita , Kar Asmita
Published: July 2020

This study is aimed at all teachers and scholars for general awareness on OBE and it’s implementation in learning and teaching activities. Serious effort should be taken to organize and make it compulsory for new students to attend OBE Briefing Session for all levels of education.
Curriculum planning is designed in a smart way in OBE model to make courses effective and make courses outcome based. Upon completion of course, students can be aware about whether their outcome achievement is up to the mark or not. We are trying to approach the society with the pros and cons
of this model and then it depends on ourGovernment, whether they wish to apply OBE model at the educational level or not.
COMMUNICATION THROUGH SPORTS
Authors: Ghosh Kishalay , Roy Rohit , Siddhanta Rajdeep , Chakraborty Gora
Published: July 2020

There are a lot of things in life that cannot be taught via books. This is where sports comes in. Values such as team spirit, quick thinking, alertness and judgement can not only be taught but also can be best realized through sports. It teaches you that sometimes you win and sometimes
you learn. The main objective is not to win but to improve oneself with each passing day. It teaches one to strive and take chances no matter how difficult the road may be. As boxer George Foreman had said about Muhammad Ali-“I was faced by a man who could not go down even if he wanted
to.”
Use of English Language as a medium of instruction in imparting higher education at the post graduate level in India
Authors: Sanyal Jayant
Published: July 2020

Higher Education and its ability to enhance the quality of labour which in turn can result in increasing the competitiveness of one of the emerging economies/countries like India in terms of efficiency in producing goods and services vis-à-vis other nations has in recent years
become a critical component, more so a critical parameter of various global studies that are assessing the competitiveness of nations on a regular basis. The Global Competitiveness Index 2018, The Competitiveness study of IMD World Book and the Global Talent Competitiveness Index can serve
as few examples where higher education has been related with the quality of labour in any economy. Even, Management Guru Michael Porter has advocated the need of macro-economic competitiveness being one of the layers/levels of competitiveness wherein he has stressed on quality of labour as
one of the key factors contributing to competitiveness of any nation. In this context the current paper makes an attempt to examine and understand the degree/level of usage of English language as a medium of instruction in imparting higher education in at the postgraduate level in India. The
research methodology adopted for the paper is qualitative in nature with emphasis on collection and analysis of data from secondary sources only. Neither does the paper attempt to undertake any survey for attaining its objectives, nor does it conduct any unstructured interview of any of the
experts in education industry, which may be some of the key limitations of the paper. The findings of the paper may encourage further qualitative and quantitative research on the topic of this paper focusing on different streams in which higher education at the post graduate level is offered
in India. In a country with 285 affiliating universities and 390950 affiliated colleges offering several post graduate courses as per the All India Survey on Higher Education (AISHE 2017-18), the current paper may serve a relevant source of information for both the teaching and student fraternity.
ENGLISH AS A CORPORATE LANGUAGE
Authors: Choudhuri Anusriti
Published: July 2020

Corporate language is the language in which the corporate world can communicate both verbally and non-verbally. We can explicitly declare that, “English as a corporate language” is an undeniable need for the multinational companies (MNC) today. Bit by bit almost every MNC
is mandating English as their professional language. The biggest linguistic fact is that the basic role that language plays in human interaction is to demonstrate its power to be a preface to chaos or becoming the messenger of new understandings. If communication system breaks down, no one
can move forward, even they might suffer to understand or be understood. Big plans remain plans only. So there is an urgent need for global employees to communicate effectively and efficiently so that they can evidently visible in the competitive world, and indeed, global organisations are
at the frontier of changes in language use. There are many pros and cons of fixing as English as corporate jargon.For over three decades, Europeans and Americans have impelled English as the common language of international business by using their parliamentary, social, financial, and
technical power. Approx 52 % of MNCs use English as their official language. We can see a shocking absence of research into the process through which English became the globally accepted corporate language.
Language and Gender
Authors: Sarkar Subhamay , Mukhopadhyay Soumya , Chowdhury Priyam
Published: July 2020

The relationship between gender and language has been studied with main focus on differences between the language of male and female from different angles with different methodologies. The research findings lay different emphasis on the differences, but there are some problems in the
researches. This paper will review the previous researches into gender differences, then point out the problems existing in methodology and research findings, and finally propose that researchers should pay more attention to the similarities between the languages of both genders, the similarities
play the same important part as well as differences. As a point of departure, Gender and Language defines gender along two key dimensions. First, gender is a key element of social relationships often loosely linked to perceived differences between the genders. Gender relations are encoded
in linguistic and symbolic representations, normative concepts, social practices, institutions and social identities. Second, gender is a primary arena for articulating power, intersecting in complex ways with other axes of inequality, like class, race, and. Gender is understood as multi-faceted,
always changing, and often contested: the editors welcome discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of competing definitions of gender and of new analytical perspectives.In methodological terms, there is no single approach that could be said to ’hold the field’. As research
in this area can be more usefully to be divided into three main areas of study: first, there is a broad and sustained interest in the varieties of speech associated with a particular second, there is a related interested in the social norms and conventions that produce gendered language use
associated with a particular gender is sometimes called a and third, there are studies that focus on the contextually specific and locally situated ways in which gender is constructed.
English Through a Feminist’s Perspective: A History and Modern Aspects
Authors: Mukherjee Arishmita
Published: July 2020

Feminism, defined as the movement to emancipate and uplift women to promote complete equality among the two genders, has had to focus a lot on English Language since the Victorian Era, to gratify its’ basic purpose of women empowerment. While using English as a medium to propagate
the cause, to achieve the right to Language had been a fight. This paper shall focus on a detailed study of English with the viewpoint of a feminist, a history of how feminism and women empowerment has been associated with the language, and how in modern days, feminists still have a lot to
complain about. A detailed focus shall also be imparted to Gender Neutrality in English, and the subtle sexism that prevails in the most trusted dictionaries, thus rooting the agenda of patriarchy in each generation. Through an explanation of The Madwoman Thesis and Gynocriticism, feminism’s
struggle as a female reader and author shall be explained in detail, including how to hold the pen, in itself, was a war that needed to be fought. In the recent scandalized view of what “feminism” or “feminist” means and what it actually stands for, the development
that has been through language shall be talked about. Workplace language, societal language, and the behind the scenes incidents with authors and females in general shall also be highlighted.
English as a Language vs. English as a part of Curriculum
Authors: Saha Anand
Published: July 2020

The most widely used language in research, business, politics and other areas of life in our twenty first century is the English language. The invasion of India by the British company and later by British government contributed immensely to the spreading of the language. The paper elaborates
the effectiveness of English in our day today life and also how to study the same that is either as a language or a part of the curriculum. As English has come to us a result of invasion of British it is the foreign language nearest to our civilisation and we must learn it properly so that
we can easily use it as our weapon against our opponents in this competitive world. The paper tells about the importance of English language and the methods which must be implied to learn the language properly so that it is not difficult for is to communicate with the people around the globe.
Vitality of Technological Aid in Mastering English
Authors: Banerjee Ishan , Das Rayantika
Published: July 2020

English language as we all know is the most important language as it is a common language through which people from different parts of the world can communicate with each other. Hence it is very important for the people to learn English language. So, why not use internet and other technologies
to learn English Language, after all, we human beings are living in the digital age, where Technology plays a very vital role in our day to day lives, where almost every person in the world has his or her own smartphones, where everyone can access the Internet by smartphones, or computers,
for various countless purposes. This paper attempts to shed light on how exactly people can learn English Language through Internet and the other technologies that are available today. Not only that, this paper also shows how many, teachers and Students on an average take the assistance of
the Internet to learn English Language and the benefits of using technology by learners as well as teachers across the globe.
Technology Assistance in Learning English
Authors: Debnath Subhradip
Published: July 2020

This paper revolves around the topic Technology Assistance in Learning English. It shows us how an ordinary person can grasp the concept of learning English adopting the newer ways of learning by using Technology’s Assistance. It shows us how an ordinary person can grab the the
idea of not only understanding English but speaking it too. Not only that, this paper also displays the necessity of learning English to cope up with the rush of Technological advancements along with the lifestyle of an Ordinary Man trying to adjust himself with the fickle world.
Psycholinguistics: Studying inflection and word placement with reference to sentence construction
Authors: Dev Mayurakshi , Karmakar Sayan , Mohanty Naibedya , Das Sayanta , Ghosh Sreejit
Published: July 2020

Psycholinguistics is the discipline that investigates and describes the psychological processes which makes it possible for users to master and use a language. In the field of psycholinguistics, psychology and neurobiological factors forms the pillars in order to enable humans to acquire,
comprehend and produce language. We have made a short analytical survey on some students aging between 15 to 25 years and supported it with some mathematical calculations regarding the topic. We have made an online form and spread it amongst the students to apply their vocabulary skills and
answer the topic using which we will decide the efficiency of a person through their answers. The base parameters on which we have taken the questions are age, first language, medium of education accomplished in 10+2 level in academics. We have used condition probability to draw the conclusion
on the survey that we have done to calculate and designed a pie chart on the basis of the resulting data. We want to showcase that what are the smallest of smallest factors which are responsible for misconducting or misinterpreting a sentence during any reading.
“Edutainment” and ELT: Future Prospects in India
Authors: Das Eshita
Published: July 2020

The teaching of English in India has often been a matter of challenge given that it is difficult for the ELT teacher or instructor to inculcate a high degree of interest in the learner. Even though teaching is a humanistic activity which involves the creation and maintenance of a significant
ligature between ‘teacher’ and ‘taught’, it is a kind of profession which is somewhat inclined in the direction of the learner. Yet, although teaching involves learners, it is a truism that teaching never guarantees learning. Teaching and learning indeed involve two
poles, that of the student as a learner and that of the teacher or pedagogue functioning as an educator or facilitator. And although teaching and learning is a simultaneous process, this procedure does not run well all times. As a matter of fact, there are many hurdles both the teacher and
the learner have to face. Particularly in India, the education system has undergone several changes throughout history from the ‘gurukul’ system to the modular classroom that we see today. In the context of this understanding, the aim of this paper will be, first, to examine the
status of English in India and to look at the different purposes for which English is used – and taught. Next, the paper will also discuss very briefly some of the problems of ELT in India. After this, a focus will be sought to be brought upon a new approach which may emerge as a solution
to overcome at least a few of these difficulties. This mode of ELT application which may be termed “edutainment” may prove to be effective in English Language Teaching since it will involve an alternative pedagogic system posed at a variance from the traditional mode of chalk-talk
classroom language teaching. In the edutainment mode, approaches to ELT and the techniques therein can be more inductive than prescriptive, and thus can allow greater room for liberality, enjoyment, fun and comfort. This mode of “edutainment” is what the present paper will aim
to discuss as a possible innovative trend in the teaching of English language in India.
Social Media and Changing Trends in Everyday Languages
Authors: Chaudhuri Monami , Sarkar Indrani
Published: July 2020

The emergence of the internet along with the consequential array of social media networks have, undoubtedly, resulted in an exponential increase in new types of language: blogs, tweets, Facebook posts and LinkedIn profiles are just a few to mention. There’s no denying that social
media has had a drastic impact on the sheer volume of people we are now able to communicate with, it’s also had an impact on the frequency with which we are able to communicate with them. This has led us being exposed to a myriad of different personalities, perspectives, and approaches
when we use social media to communicate. People who use the same social network build their own community with common interests, activities, and topics for discussions. With its global reach social media has also resulted in faster communication. The need for speed and easy understanding has
thus altered the common used words and phrases. Some of the more popular social media sites limit the number of characters one can use in a post. Twitter, limits the “Tweet” to 280characters, thus pushing its users to become more adept at saying what they want or need to say with
fewer words resulting new trending terms. It has even introduced new terms in English. This paper tries to highlight the changes in language and communication pattern with the introduction of social media in everyday life. The acceptances as well as the impact of the new vocabulary are also
the areas where this paper has tried to focus. For this purpose, the main objective of this paper is to understand the changes introduced in English Language with the advent of social media, to analyse the acceptance of the new words in modern vocabulary as well as to analyse the impact that
social media has brought in our everyday terms.
Comparison between anal cytology, high-resolution anoscopy and HPV DNA genotyping by polymerase chain reaction in the post-treatment follow-up of condylomata acuminata
Authors: NADAL LUIS ROBERTO , SAAD SARHAN SYDNEY , LOPES FILHO GASPAR JESUS , JOAQUIM HELENA PASSARELLI GIROUD , MANZIONE THIAGO DA SILVEIRA , MANZIONE CARMEN RUTH , NADAL SIDNEY ROBERTO
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Aim: to evaluate the presence of subclinical HPV-induced anal lesions with anal cytology, High-Resolution Anoscopy (HRA) and HPV genotyping by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the follow-up of treated condylomata acuminata (CA). Methods: seventy-nine male patients were included. One month after anal CA eradication, the patients underwent brush samples collection for anal cytology and PCR, and HRA with biopsy of acetowhite lesions. These methods were compared within all patients and between groups, according to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection status: HIV-negative; HIV-positive with TCD4 count above and below 350 cells/mm3. Results: the most frequent HPV types were 6 and 16. HPV DNA was isolated in 92%. HIV infection was associated with a higher number of oncogenic HPV types (p=0.038). All patients with negative PCR had negative HRA and cytology. There were no differences in cytological, HRA or histopathological findings between groups. Conclusion: the association of the findings of cytopathology, HRA and genotyping of HPV refined the diagnosis of HPV-induced lesions. The degree of immunodeficiency was not associated with increase in remnant HPV-induced anal lesions.
Management of non traumatic surgical emergencies during the COVID-19 pandemia
Authors: PARREIRA JOSÉ GUSTAVO , CAMPOS TERCIO DE , ANTUNES PEDRO DE SOUZA LUCARELLI , PERLINGEIRO JACQUELINE ARANTES GIANNINNI , ASSEF JOSE CESAR
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT In December 2019, in Wuhan, China, the first cases of what would be known as COVID-19, a disease caused by an RNA virus called SARS-CoV-2, were described. Its spread was rapid and wide, leading the World Health Organization to declare a pandemic in March 2020. The disease has distinct clinical presentations, from asymptomatic to critical cases, with high lethality. Parallel to this, patients with non-traumatic surgical emergencies, such as acute appendicitis and cholecystitis, continue to be treated at the emergency services. In this regard, there were several doubts on how to approach these cases, among them: how to quickly identify the patient with COVID-19, what is the impact of the abdominal surgical disease and its treatment on the evolution of patients with COVID-19, in addition to the discussion about the role of the non-operative treatment for abdominal disease under these circumstances. In this review, we discuss these problems based on the available evidence.
The history of quality and safety of the surgical patient: from the initial standards to the present day
Authors: TOMASICH FLÁVIO , OLIVEIRA ANDRÉ VINÍCIUS DE , OLIVEIRA ANNELISE DE JESUS , CORREIA MARIA ISABEL TOULSON DAVISSON
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT There are currently various concepts related to quality, which have been implemented by many hospitals and other healthcare institutions. The search for continuous improvement, the implementation of a quality culture and hospital accreditation have also been common, in these institutions. However, the history of hospital audits and accreditation is complex and full of dynamic concepts. The American College of Surgeons was pioneer in publishing, more than a century ago, the first document pertaining quality standards. After that, various programs and concepts have been developed and remodeled by distinct entities. In this article, we briefly review the history of quality in the world and Brazil. We also discuss related concepts regarding its assessment in healthcare.
Gastos com a assistência ao parto: comparação entre as coortes de nascimento de Pelotas dos anos de 2004 e 2015, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
Authors: Guttier Marília Cruz , Tejada Cesar Augusto Oviedo , Wehrmeister Fernando C. , Silveira Mariângela Freitas , Domingues Marlos R. , Barros Aluísio J. D. , Santos Iná S. , Matijasevich Alícia , Bassani Diego G. , Bertoldi Andréa Dâmaso
Published: July 2020

Resumo: Apesar de a maioria dos partos no Brasil ser financiada pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), existem gastos diretos (pessoais privados) envolvidos no nascimento. Este estudo visa a comparar o desembolso materno para financiar os partos das crianças pertencentes às coortes de nascimento de Pelotas de 2004 e 2015. Foram utilizadas informações coletadas logo após o nascimento e aos três meses de idade. As variáveis analisadas incluem informações sociodemográficas, econômicas, cobertura por plano privado de saúde e despesas relacionadas ao parto. Os valores de 2004 foram ajustados pelo Índice Nacional de Preços ao Consumidor Amplo (IPCA). Observou-se aumento na posse de planos de saúde de 33,4% (IC95%: 31,9-34,9) para 45,1% (IC95%: 43,6-46,7) no período analisado e este esteve diretamente associado à posição econômica das famílias (p < 0,001). Ocorreu um aumento na média dos gastos com hospitalização para o parto de R$ 60,38 (DP = 288,66) para R$ 171,15 (DP = 957,07), e nos gastos adicionais com médicos de R$ 191,60 (DP = 612,86) para R$ 1.424,80 (DP = 4.459,16) entre as mães que se internaram pelo plano privado de saúde (e não houve diferença significativa nestes gastos entre as mães que optaram pelo parto particular). Houve aumento importante no gasto com a assistência ao parto principalmente entre as mães que se internaram pelo plano privado de saúde.
Explosão da mortalidade no epicentro amazônico da epidemia de COVID-19
Authors: Orellana Jesem Douglas Yamall , Cunha Geraldo Marcelo da , Marrero Lihsieh , Horta Bernardo Lessa , Leite Iuri da Costa
Published: July 2020

Manaus, capital do estado brasileiro do Amazonas, é o atual epicentro da epidemia na Amazônia com um aumento repentino de mortes que preocupa gestores e sociedade. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar o excesso na mortalidade geral, segundo Semanas Epidemiológicas (SE), visando a identificar mudanças potencialmente associadas à epidemia em Manaus. Dados de mortalidade geral e grupos de causas foram obtidos na Central de Informações do Registro Civil Nacional e no Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade, para 2018, 2019 e 2020. Analisou-se faixa etária, sexo, local de ocorrência do óbito, SE, ano-calendário e causas de morte. Calcularam-se razões entre as mortes ocorridas em 2019/2018 e 2020/2019 para avaliar o excesso de mortes, com intervalos de confiança no nível de 5%. Não observou-se excesso de mortalidade geral significativo nas razões 2019/2018, independentemente da SE. Já as razões de 2020/2019 passaram de 1,0 (IC95%: 0,9-1,3) na SE 12 para 4,6 (IC95%: 3,9-5,3) na SE 17. Observou-se excesso de mortalidade geral com a progressão da idade, especialmente em indivíduos com 60 anos e mais, os quais concentraram 69,1% (IC95%: 66,8-71,4) das mortes. A razão 2020/2019 para óbitos em domicílio/via pública foi de 1,1 (IC95%: 0,7-1,8) na SE 12 e de 7,8 (IC95%: 5,4-11,2) na SE 17. A explosão da mortalidade geral em Manaus e a elevada proporção de óbitos em domicílio/via pública expõe a gravidade da epidemia em contextos de grande desigualdade social e fraca efetividade de ações governamentais, em especial aquelas voltadas ao enfrentamento das desigualdades sociais e para a garantia e fortalecimento do Sistema Único de Saúde.
Previsão Sazonal de Vazões para a Bacia do Orós (Ceará, Brasil) Utilizando Redes Neurais e a Técnica De Reamostragem dos K-vizinhos
Authors: Araújo Carla Beatriz Costa de , Souza Filho Francisco de Assis de , Araújo Júnior Luiz Martins de , Silveira Cleiton da Silva
Published: July 2020

Resumo Este trabalho tem por objetivo realizar um comparativo de previsão de vazões para a bacia do Orós (Ceará, Brasil) utilizando redes neurais artificiais (RNA) e a técnica de reamostragem dos k-vizinhos. Os modelos foram desenvolvidos a partir da série histórica de 100 anos de dados hidrometeorológicos (temperatura da superfície do mar e vazões). Ambos utilizam como preditores climáticos as temperaturas dos oceanos Atlântico Norte, Atlântico Sul e Pacífico Equatorial e realizam a previsão em julho do regime de vazões do período chuvoso do ano seguinte (janeiro a junho). O modelo k-vizinhos foi elaborado a partir da identificação dos anos vizinhos mais próximos para reamostragem da aproximação, já o modelo de RNA foi formulado a partir dos pesos sinápticos e bias obtidos na etapa de treinamento da rede. Os modelos foram comparados considerando as previsões de vazões para a etapa de teste, utilizou-se como parâmetros comparativos: o coeficiente de eficiência Nash-Suttcliffe (E), o coeficiente de determinação (R²), o diagrama de Taylor (2001) e a razão de máxima verossimilhança. Para todas as variáveis comparativas o modelo neuronal apresentou melhores valores, indicando que este representa de forma mais eficiente o comportamento das vazões para o reservatório.
índices Climáticos Associados a Variabilidade Interanual da Produtividade de Arroz no Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Arsego Diogo Alessandro , Ferraz Simone Erotildes Teleginski , Streck Nereu Augusto , Cardoso Andréa de Oliveira , Zanon Junior Alencar , Cera Jossana Ceolin
Published: July 2020

Resumo O objetivo desta pesquisa é destacar padrões climáticos que exerçam influência na variabilidade interanual da produtividade de arroz no Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Séries de produtividade de arroz de 47 municípios foram separadas em três grupos de acordo com sua produtividade (baixa, média e alta) baseado na análise de agrupamento. Correlações defasadas entre indicadores climáticos associados a padrões de teleconexão e a produtividade média de arroz de cada grupo evidenciaram a importância de cada índice para a variabilidade da produtividade da cultura no RS. Dentre os padrões de teleconexão, os que mais apresentaram correlações significativas e persistentes com a produtividade de arroz foram a Oscilação Quase Bianual (negativa), Oscilação Decadal do Pacífico (negativa), componente atmosférica (positiva) e oceânica (negativa) do fenômeno El Niño Oscilação Sul, além de anomalias de Temperatura da Superfície do Mar no Oceano Atlântico, entre 20° S-30° S e 20° O-40° O, (correlação negativa). A influência de alguns dos indicadores climáticos apresentados neste estudo ainda não havia sido discutida do ponto de vista agrícola e os resultados apresentados podem fornecer informações cruciais na tomada de decisões e na previsão de safra de arroz no Rio Grande do Sul.
Interfaces and changes in the institutionalization process of special coffee in Brazil
Authors: Carvalho Josué Pires de , Arevalo Jorge Luis Sanchez , Passador João Luiz
Published: July 2020

Abstract: This study analyzes the importance of the geographical indication (GI) process and other efforts in favor of the institutionalization process of special coffee in Brazil. The study is justified by the fact that Brazil is a world reference in coffee production and in what refers to the special coffee production, the market is promising. The term special coffee has a connotation of a segment type where the quality and experience are privileged, this consumption being differentiated. The Northwest of Minas (MG), Alta Mogiana (SP) and Matas de Minas (MG) regions were chosen for the analysis, which are the most representative in the national scenario. The results show a positive advance in favor of the institutionalization process, in which the main agents involved play an important role, namely, the government, entrepreneurs and producers.
INNOVATION CULTURE AND LEARNING: THE PROGRAM CLUBE DOS APAIXONADOS POR DESAFIOS (CHALLENGE LOVERS CLUB)
Authors: PIMENTEL RICARDO , LOIOLA GUSTAVO F. , DIOGO THIAGO M.
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Purpose: The study analyzes the occurrence of learning through experience and the development of collective skills as a result of a program aimed to build a culture of innovation. Originality/value: The study contributes to the theoretical discussion about innovation as a social process of experiential learning. From the practical point of view, it shows that the deliberate application of a method and a process in the construction of the innovation culture stimulates the learning of individual and collective abilities favorable to innovation, as well as behavioral and organizational changes. Design/methodology/approach: Participant observation was used to compile the report, and an ex post facto survey based on in-depth interviews was used to evaluate the results. The analysis was based on the phenomenological semiotics with the support of Atlas.Ti® software in the process of description, reduction and interpretation, to apprehend the awareness of the subjects’ experience. Findings: The following results were obtained: 1. the occurrence of collective learning by the construction of solutions based on the combination of ideas of subjects with different perspectives and abilities, and by the deliberate application of a method and a process; 2. building a new collective sense for innovation, as a constantly moving realization, requiring concrete behavioral changes, and a new look at reality. The study also pointed out that the theoretical approach that considers innovation as a social process of experiential learning contributes to the understanding of how the construction of the innovation culture takes place, and that this is part of the process of building innovation itself.
Assessment of postoperative risk of complications on inguinal hernioplasty and its relation to risk factors
Authors: Chibata Maurício , Daronch Oona Tomiê
Published: July 2020

SUMMARY INTRODUCTION Abdominal wall hernias are a highly prevalent pathology, considering that 55 percent of the world population is affected by this disease at some point in their lives. As a large part of these patients present comorbidities, it is important to correlate the incidence of complications with the presence of previous pathologies. OBJECTIVES To evaluate whether the presence of comorbidities in patients submitted to inguinal hernioplasty increases the risk of acute and chronic complications in the postoperative period, as well as to explain which of these prior diseases present a greater association with the incidence of complications. METHODS This is a cross-sectional descriptive study carried out through the retrospective analysis of 313 medical records of patients submitted to open inguinal hernioplasty surgery between March and June 2017 at the General Surgery Service of the Cruz Vermelha Hospital - Paraná Branch, located in the City of Curitiba, state of Paraná, Brasil. RESULTS Of the 313 cases studied, the most prevalent comorbidities were: 107 patients with hypertension (34.19%), 52 smokers (16.61%), 30 cases with diabetes (9.58%), 14 with hypothyroidism (4,47%) and 10 with COPD (3.19%). Regarding the total of the sample evaluated, 130 patients (41.53%) did not present any comorbidity. When evaluating the complications, there were 49 cases (15.65%) of complications in the early postoperative period and 9 cases (2.88%) of chronic complications. The comorbidities that presented significant statistical influence (p <0.05) on the incidence of acute complications were hypertension (p = 0.02927) and smoking (p = 0.03196). CONCLUSION It is important to note the presence of acute postoperative complications of inguinal hernioplasty in patients who have hypertension or smoke, high prevalence diseases.