bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENDAMPINGAN PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS BAHASA IBU DI TKK OLAEWA KECAMATAN BOAWAE KABUPATEN NAGEKEO
Authors: Ita Efrida
Published: June 2022

It has been identified that children use their mother tongue in their daily lives. This is not surprising because mother tongue is the first language that is known and used by children to communicate. This intense communication using the mother tongue causes children to have difficulty understanding the material when participating in the learning process at school. Because the language of instruction used in schools is Indonesian. This problem is a serious concern for schools so that schools can use their mother tongue as the language of instruction in order to help children more easily understand the material presented by the teacher. The purpose of this service activity is to assist teachers in the implementation of mother tongue-based learning. The method of implementing the service is through monitoring and evaluation method, observation, and face-to-face discussions. This service activity was carried out at Olaewa Kindergarten as one of the target schools for using mother tongue in learning activities. The results of the mentoring activities are that children are more actively involved in playing and learning activities and create learning situations that are interactive, fun and stimulate learning motivation for children.
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome with Blood Transfusion?
Authors: Kumar Mukesh , Pooran Mal  , Sunil  , Aqsa
Published: June 2022

Posterior Reverse Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) is a clinico-neuro-radiologic entity with various neurological manifestations, including headaches, vision problems, and altered mental status. Oedema has been observed in a generally symmetrical fashion in MRI studies, most often in the subcortical white matter and rarely in the cortex of the occipital and parietal lobes. When properly treated, this condition is usually reversible; however, failure to make a timely diagnosis may result in cerebral infarction and even death. This case report presents a 30-year-old woman with a history of postpartum bleeding and anuria, later diagnosed with PRES syndrome. This rare case is reported here for information of neurology clinicians to keep the features in mind if any such case comes up in future.
Sağlık Hizmetlerinde Performans Kavramının Bibliyometrik Analizi
Authors: SARI Meltem , GENÇ Gülşen
Published: June 2022

Çalışmanın amacı sağlık hizmetlerinde performans kavramını bibliyometrik analiz yöntemlerine göreincelemektir. Bu çalışmada bibliyometrik analiz için Web of Science Core Collection veri tabanından 1975-2020yılları arasını kapsayan “performance” ve “healthcare” kavramlarına başlıkta yer veren çalışmalar ele alınmıştır.Analiz yapılırken VOSviewer bibliyometrik analiz programından yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmada kelime, atıf, ortakatıf ve bibliyografik eşleştirme analizleri yapılmıştır. Araştırma kısıtlarına uyan 648 makaleye ulaşılmıştır. Analizsonuçlarına göre kavrama en çok katkı sağlayan çalışmanın Ewig vd, (2009) olduğu görülmüştür. Dokümanlarınatıf analizi sonuçlarına göre Van Der Geer (2009), bibliyografik eşleştirme analizine göre Ewig (2009) alıntıbağının kuvvetli olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Yazarların atıf analizi ve bibliyografik eşleştirme sonuçlarına göreyazarlar arasındaki alıntılanma bağının kuvvetli olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ortak atıf analizi sonuçlarına göre KaplanR.S. ve World Health Organization ile kurulan alıntı bağının kuvvetli olduğu görülmektedir. Sağlık hizmetlerindeperformans yönetimi ile ilgili çalışma yapacaklar araştırma sonuçlarından yararlanabilir.
Türkiye’de Dolarizasyonun Belirleyicileri
Authors: ÖZER Mustafa Orhan
Published: June 2022

Türkiye’de 2001 finansal krizinden sonraki yıllarda aşılan dolarizasyon sorunu son yıllarda yeniden ortayaçıkmıştır. Bu çalışma, 2006:01-2020:12 döneminde dolarizasyona neden olan temel ekonomik faktörleri tespitetmeyi amaçlamaktadır. İlk olarak, kesirli frekanslı Fourier ADF birim kök testi kullanılarak değişkenlerindurağanlık durumları analiz edilmiştir. Dolarizasyon, enflasyon ve reel faiz değişkenlerinin I(1), döviz kurudeğişkeninin ise I(0) olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Daha sonra değişkenler arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisini araştırmakiçin kesirli frekanslı Fourier Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik testinden yararlanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, sözkonusu değişkenler arasında enflasyon oranının dolarizasyonun tek belirleyicisi olduğunu göstermektedir. Dövizkuru ve reel faiz oranı ise dolarizasyonu ancak enflasyon üzerinden dolaylı olarak etkilemektedir. Dolayısıyla antienflasyonist politikaların dolarizasyonla mücadelede en önemli araç olduğunu ifade etmek mümkündür.
Âşıkların Dilinden Kuşlar: Kuş Destanları (Karşılaştırmalı Bir İnceleme)
Authors: GÖRKEM Betül
Published: June 2022

Türk sözlü şiir geleneğinin içerisinde yer alan âşık edebiyatının kökü İslamiyet öncesi sözlü kültür geleneğimizedayanmaktadır. Âşık tarzı şiir söyleme geleneğinde âşıkların irticalen şiir söylemesi, atışma yapabilmesi gibihususlar âşığın söz söylemedeki kabiliyetini göstermesi açısından öne çıkmaktadır. Âşıkların çeşitli meclislerdeözellikle âşık fasıllarında kendi yeteneklerini göstermeleri ve kendilerini kanıtlamaları gerekmektedir. Bumeclislerin bir parçası da âşıkların destan söyledikleri bölümdür. Âşıklar bu bölümde çeşitli konularda destanlarsöylemişlerdir. Çobanoğlu, âşık tarzı destanların konularına göre tasnifini yapmış, bunlardan bu çalışmadaincelenecek olan kuşlar hakkında söylenmiş/yazılmış destanlar bu tasnifin “Doğal Güzelliklerle İlgili Destanlar”başlığının altında yer alan “Hayvanlarla İlgili Destanlar” içinde yer almaktadır. Çalışmada geçmişten günümüzesöylenmiş/yazılmış “Kuşlar Destanı” metinleri bir araya getirilmiştir. Burada, öncelikle bu metinler şekil vemuhteva hususiyetleri yönlerinden tanıtılmıştır. Ardından destan metinleri karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmeksuretiyle âşıkların kuş destanlarını nasıl ve neden söyledikleri, bu metinlerin gelenek içinde nerede yer aldığı,âşığın kendi üslubunu gösterme ve kendi sanat gücünü kanıtlamada söylenen destanların rolü ortaya konulmayaçalışılmıştır. Çalışmada, daha önce Şükrü Elçin tarafından yayımlanmış olan Hengâmî’nin destanının bir eş metnibulunmuştur. Bu destan da çalışmanın sonunda metin tenkitli olarak yer almaktadır.
Türkçe Alanyazında Kamu Politikası Disiplini (2015-2020): Eğilimler, Teknikler, Tercihler
Authors: BABAOĞLU Cenay , YILMAZ Fırat Harun , KARASOY Hasan Alpay
Published: June 2022

Kamu politikası disiplini Türkiye'de son yıllarda ön planda olan bir çalışma alanıdır. Disiplinin yakın bir döneminürünü olup olmamasına ilişkin tartışmaların yanı sıra çalışma ve analizlerin hangi ülke veya koşullardayaygınlaşacağına yönelik tartışmalar söz konusudur. Bu çerçevede bu çalışmanın amacı kamu politikasıdisiplininin Türkçe olarak gelişim seyrini çalışmaların derinleşme durumunu da dikkate alarak incelemektir.Disiplinin Türkiye özelinde gelişim sürecinin incelenmesi ve bu gelişmenin devam edeceği varsayımı çalışmanınçıkış noktasıdır. Çalışmanın örneklemini 2015-2020 yılları arasında üç farklı veri tabanında (TÜBİTAKULAKBİM TR Dizin Veri Tabanı, ULAKBİM DergiPark Sistemi ve Google Scholar) yayınlanan makaleleroluşturmaktadır. Çalışmalar makale sayısı, anahtar kelimelerin bulut analizi, görgül ve derleme çalışma konuları,kullanılan teknikler, uygulama alanlarının incelenme durumu, yabancı kaynak kullanımı ve kullanılan dillerçerçevesinde metin madenciliği araçları ile analiz edilmiş ve bulgular sunulmuştur. Sonuç olarak bulgulardanhareketle disiplinin Türkiye özelinde gelişimi ve derinleşmesine ilişkin değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır.
OBJECT-BASED APPROACHES FOR LAND USE-LAND COVER CLASSIFICATION USING HIGH RESOLUTION QUICK BIRD SATELLITE IMAGERY (A CASE STUDY: KERBELA, IRAQ)
Authors: Jaber Hussein Sabah , Shareef Muntadher Aidi , Merzah Zainab Fahkri
Published: June 2022

Land Use / Land Cover (LULC) classification is considered one of the basic tasks that decision makers and map makers rely on to evaluate the infrastructure, using different types of satellite data, despite the large spectral difference or overlap in the spectra in the same land cover in addition to the problem of aberration and the degree of inclination of the images that may be negatively affect rating performance. The main objective of this study is to develop a working method for classifying the land cover using high-resolution satellite images using object based method. Maximum likelihood pixel based supervised as well as object approaches were examined on QuickBird satellite image in Karbala, Iraq. This study illustrated that use of textural data during the object image classification approach can considerably enhance land use classification performance. Moreover, the results showed higher overall accuracy (86.02%) in the o object based method than pixel based (79.06%) in urban extractions. The object based performed much more capabilities than pixel based.
Are Binary Black Hole Mergers and Long Gamma-Ray Bursts Drawn from the Same Black Hole Population?
Authors: Arcier Benjamin , Atteia Jean-Luc
Published: June 2022

This paper compares the population of binary black hole (BBH) mergers detected by LIGO/Virgo with selected long gamma-ray burst (GRB) world models convolved with a delay function (LGRBs are used as a tracer of stellar-mass BH formation). The comparison involves the redshift distribution and the fraction of LGRBs required to produce the local rate of BBH mergers. We find that BBH mergers and LGRBs cannot have the same formation history, unless BBH mergers have a long coalescence time of several Gyr. This would imply that BHs born during the peak of long GRB formation at redshift z ≈ 2−3 merge within the horizon of current GW interferometers. We also show that LGRBs are more numerous than BBH mergers, meaning that most of them do not end their lives in BBH mergers. We interpret these results as an indication that BBH mergers and LGRBs constitute two distinct populations of stellar-mass BHs, with LGRBs being more frequent than BBH mergers. We speculate that the descendants of LGRBs may resemble galactic high-mass X-ray binaries more than BBH mergers. Finally, we discuss the possible existence of a subpopulation of fast-spinning LGRB descendants among BBH mergers, showing that this population, if it exists, is expected to become dominant beyond redshift z ≈ 1, leading to a change in the observed properties of BBH mergers.
GRB Prompt Emission with Anisotropic Electron Distribution
Authors: Goto Ryota , Asano Katsuaki
Published: June 2022

The typical spectrum of the prompt emission of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) indicates that the electron cooling is suppressed in spite of the strong magnetic field in the standard synchrotron model. Recent particle-in-cell simulations show that the particle acceleration by magnetic reconnection in a magnetically dominated plasma can lead to small pitch angles especially in a low-energy region. Such a small pitch angle prevents electrons from cooling via synchrotron radiation. In this paper, taking into account the effects of the synchrotron cooling and the adiabatic cooling, we numerically calculate the synchrotron spectra with anisotropic electron distributions. If we require a Poynting flux larger than 1050 erg s−1 as the model is motivated by magnetic reconnection, the bulk Lorentz factor of ∼1000 and the electron minimum Lorentz factor of γ
min ∼ 104 are required to reproduce the typical GRB spectrum.
Effect of Dust in Circumgalactic Halos on the Cosmic Shear Power Spectrum
Authors: Silva Makana , Hirata Christopher
Published: June 2022

Weak gravitational lensing is a powerful statistical tool for probing the growth of cosmic structure and measuring cosmological parameters. However, as shown by studies such as by Ménard et al., dust in the circumgalactic region of halos dims and reddens background sources. In a weak lensing analysis, this selects against sources behind overdense regions; since there is more structure in overdense regions, we will underestimate the amplitude of density perturbations σ
8 if we do not correct for the effects of circumgalactic dust. To model the dust distribution we employ the halo model. Assuming a fiducial dust mass profile based on measurements from Ménard et al., we compute the ratio Z of the systematic error to the statistical error for a survey similar to the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope reference survey (2000 deg2 area, single-filter effective source density 30 galaxies arcmin−2). For a wave band centered at 1580 nm (H band), we find that Z

H
= 0.37. For a similar survey with wave band centered at 620 nm (r band), we also computed Z

r
= 2.8. Within our fiducial dust model, since Z

r
> 1, the systematic effect of dust will be significant on weak lensing image surveys. We also computed the dust bias on the amplitude of the power spectrum, σ
8, and found it to be for each wave band Δσ
8/σ
8 = −3.1 × 10−4 (H band) or −2.2 × 10−3 (r band) if all other parameters are held fixed (the forecast Roman statistical-only error σ(σ
8)/σ
8 is 9 × 10−4).
Quasi-periodic Energy Release and Jets at the Base of Solar Coronal Plumes
Authors: Kumar Pankaj , Karpen Judith T. , Uritsky Vadim M. , Deforest Craig E. , Raouafi Nour E. , Richard DeVore C.
Published: June 2022

Coronal plumes are long, ray-like, open structures that have been considered as possible sources of the solar wind. Their origin in the largely unipolar coronal holes has long been a mystery. Earlier spectroscopic and imaging observations revealed blueshifted plasma and propagating disturbances (PDs) in plumes that are widely interpreted in terms of flows and/or propagating slow-mode waves, but these interpretations (flows versus waves) remain under debate. Recently we discovered an important clue about plume internal structure: dynamic filamentary features called plumelets, which account for most of the plume emission. Here we present high-resolution observations from the Solar Dynamics Observatory/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly and the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph that revealed numerous, quasi-periodic, tiny jets (so-called jetlets) associated with transient brightening, flows, and plasma heating at the chromospheric footpoints of the plumelets. By analogy to larger coronal jets, these jetlets are most likely produced within the plume base by magnetic reconnection between closed and open flux at stressed 3D null points. The jetlet-associated brightenings are in phase with plumelet-associated PDs, and vary with a period of ∼3–5 minutes, which is remarkably consistent with the photospheric/chromospheric p-mode oscillation. This reconnection at the open-closed boundary in the chromosphere/transition region is likely modulated or driven by local manifestations of the global p-mode waves. The jetlets extend upward to become plumelets, contribute mass to the solar wind, and may be sources of the switchbacks recently detected by the Parker Solar Probe.
High-resolution ALMA Study of CO J = 2–1 Line and Dust Continuum Emissions in Cluster Galaxies at z = 1.46
Authors: Ikeda Ryota , Tadaki Ken-ichi , Iono Daisuke , Kodama Tadayuki , Chan Jeffrey C. C. , Hatsukade Bunyo , Hayashi Masao , Izumi Takuma , Kohno Kotaro , Koyama Yusei , Shimakawa Rhythm , Suzuki Tomoko L. , Tamura Yoichi , Tanaka Ichi
Published: June 2022

We present new Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) results obtained from spatially resolved CO J = 2–1 line (0.″4 resolution) and 870 μm continuum (0.″2 resolution) observations of cluster galaxies in XMMXCS J2215.9-1738 at z = 1.46. Our sample comprises 17 galaxies within ∼0.5 Mpc (0.6R
200) of the cluster center, all of which have previously been detected in the CO J = 2–1 line at a lower resolution. The effective radii of both the CO J = 2–1 line and 870 μm dust continuum emissions are robustly measured for nine galaxies by modeling the visibilities. We find that the CO J = 2–1 line emission in all of the nine galaxies is more extended than the dust continuum emission by a factor of 2.8 ± 1.4. We investigate the spatially resolved Kennicutt–Schmidt (KS) relation in two regions within the interstellar medium of the galaxies. The relation for our sample reveals that the central region (0 < r < R

e,870μm) of galaxies tends to have a shorter gas depletion timescale, i.e., a higher star formation efficiency, compared to the extended region (R

e,870μm < r < R

e,CO). Overall, our result suggests that star formation activities are concentrated inside the extended gas reservoir, possibly resulting in the formation of a bulge structure. We find consistency between the ALMA 870 μm radii of star-forming members and the Hubble Space Telescope/1.6 μm radii of passive members in a mass–size distribution, which suggests a transition from star-forming to passive members within ∼0.5 Gyr. In addition, no clear differences in the KS relation nor in the sizes are found between galaxies with and without a close companion.
Electromagnetic Counterparts of Binary-neutron-star Mergers Leading to a Strongly Magnetized Long-lived Remnant Neutron Star
Authors: Kawaguchi Kyohei , Fujibayashi Sho , Hotokezaka Kenta , Shibata Masaru , Wanajo Shinya
Published: June 2022

We explore the electromagnetic counterparts that will associate with binary-neutron-star mergers for the case that remnant massive neutron stars survive for ≳0.5 s after the merger. For this study, we employ the outflow profiles obtained by long-term general-relativistic neutrino-radiation magnetohydrodynamics simulations with a mean-field dynamo effect. We show that a synchrotron afterglow with high luminosity can be associated with the merger event if the magnetic fields of the remnant neutron stars are significantly amplified by the dynamo effect. We also perform a radiative transfer calculation for kilonovae and find that, for the highly amplified magnetic field cases, the kilonovae can be bright in the early epoch (t ≤ 0.5 d), while it shows the optical emission which rapidly declines in a few days and the very bright near-infrared emission which lasts for ∼10 days. All these features have not been found in GW170817, indicating that the merger remnant neutron star formed in GW170817 might have collapsed to a black hole within several hundreds milliseconds or magnetic-field amplification might be a minor effect.
No Evidence of the Significant Grain Growth but Tentative Discovery of Disk Substructure in a Disk around the Class I Protostar L1489 IRS
Authors: Ohashi Satoshi , Kobayashi Hiroshi , Sai Jinshi , Sakai Nami
Published: June 2022

For revealing the first step of planet formation, it is important to understand how and when dust grains become larger in a disk around a protostar. To investigate the grain growth, we analyze dust continuum emission toward a disk around the Class I protostar L1489 IRS at 0.9 and 1.3 mm wavelengths obtained by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. The dust continuum emission extends to a disk radius (r) of r ∼ 300 au, and the spectral index (α) is derived to be α ∼ 3.6 at a radius of r ∼ 100–300 au, similar to the interstellar dust. Therefore, the grain growth does not occur significantly in the outer disk (r ∼ 100–300 au). Furthermore, we tentatively identify a ring-like substructure at r ∼ 90 au even though the spatial resolution and sensitivity are not enough to determine this structure. If this is the real ring structure, the ring position and small dust in the disk outer part are consistent with the idea of the growth front. These results suggest that the L1489 protostellar disk may be the beginning of planet formation.
The Equilibrium Tide: An Updated Prescription for Population Synthesis Codes
Authors: Preece Holly P. , Hamers Adrian S. , Neunteufel Patrick G. , Schaefer Adam L. , Tout Christopher A.
Published: June 2022

We present an updated prescription for the equilibrium tides suitable for population synthesis codes. A grid of 1D evolutionary models was created and the viscous timescale was calculated for each detailed model. A metallicity-dependent power-law relation was fitted to both the convective cores and convective envelopes of the models. The prescription was implemented into the population synthesis code Binary Star Evolution and predicts a 16.5% reduction in the overall number of merges, with those involving main-sequence stars most affected. The new prescription also reduces the overall supernova rate by 3.6% with individual channels being differently affected. The single degenerate Ia supernova occurrence is reduced by 12.8%. The merging of two carbon oxygen white dwarfs to cause a Ia supernova occurs 16% less frequently. The number of subsynchronously rotating stars in close binaries is substantially increased with our prescription, as is the number of noncircularized systems at the start of common-envelope evolution.
Relationship between the Sunspot Number and Active Day Fraction: An Application for the Maunder Minimum
Authors: Carrasco V. M. S. , Llera J. , Aparicio A. J. P. , Gallego M. C. , Vaquero J. M.
Published: June 2022

Long-term solar activity can be studied using several parameters. Some of the most used are based on the sunspot counting. The active day fraction (ADF) is the simplest index derived from this counting. It is reliable in periods of low solar activity such as the Maunder minimum (MM). In this work, we study the relationship between the ADF and the sunspot number. We have obtained that the optimal fit of that relationship is an exponential function whose exponent is a degree 3 polynomial including all data except those with ADF equal to 100%. Then, we use that fit to estimate the sunspot number during the MM from the ADF calculated from the most recent sunspot group number database. Our estimations of the annual sunspot numbers are below 15, except that for 1656, which is 40.8, whereas our estimations of the triennial sunspot numbers are below 10 from 1648 to 1714. We have found peaks of the solar cycle in the middle of the 1650s, 1670s, 1680s, and 1700s but no clear evidence of solar cycle in the 1660s and 1690s, likely due to the scarcity of the available data. Our results agree with previous works obtaining values significantly higher than those of the group sunspot number derived by Hoyt and Schatten in 1998 but still fully compatible with a grand minimum period.
The Magnetic Field of the Stripped Primary in the υ Sgr System, a Member of the Rare Class of Hydrogen-deficient Binaries
Authors: Hubrig Swetlana , Järvinen Silva P. , Ilyin Ilya , Schöller Markus
Published: June 2022

We present the results of high-resolution spectropolarimetric observations of the optically dominant component in the rare hydrogen-deficient binary system υ Sgr. Only a small number of such systems in a very late phase of helium shell burning are currently known. The mass transfer from the donor star in binary systems usually leads to the stripping of its hydrogen envelope. Consequently, since the mass of the secondary increases, it appears rejuvenated. Using a few ESO FORS 1 low-resolution spectropolarimetric observations of this system, Hubrig et al. announced in 2009 the presence of a magnetic field of the order of −70 to −80 G. Here we report on more recent high-resolution ESO HARPS spectropolarimetric observations showing that the primary in υ Sgr is a spectrum variable star and possesses a weak magnetic field of the order of a few tens of Gauss. The detection of a magnetic field in this rare hydrogen-deficient binary is of particular interest, as such systems are frequently discussed as probable progenitors of core-collapse supernovae and gravitational-wave sources. Future magnetic studies of such systems would be worthwhile to gain deeper insights into the role of magnetic fields in the evolution of massive stars in binary systems.
Quasars with Proper Motions and the Link to Double and Multiple AGNs
Authors: Makarov Valeri V. , Secrest Nathan J.
Published: June 2022

Gaia used a large sample of photometrically selected active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and quasars to remove the residual spin of its global proper motion system in order to achieve a maximally inertial reference frame. A small fraction of these reference objects have statistically significant astrometric proper motions in Gaia EDR3. We compile a source sample of 105,593 high-fidelity AGNs with accurate spectroscopically determined redshifts above 0.5 from the SDSS and normalized proper motions below 4. The rate of genuinely perturbed proper motions is at least 0.17%. A smaller high completeness sample of 152 quasars with excess proper motions at a confidence level of 0.9995 is examined in detail. Pan-STARRS images and Gaia-resolved pairs reveal that 29% of the sample are either double sources or gravitationally lensed quasars. An Anderson–Darling test on parameters of a smaller high-reliability sample and their statistical controls reveals 17 significant factors that favor multiplicity and multi-source structure as the main cause of perturbed astrometry. Using a nearest-neighbor distance statistical analysis and counts of close companions in Gaia on a much larger initial sample of AGNs, an excess of closely separated sources in Gaia is detected. At least 0.33% of all optical quasars are genuinely double or multiply imaged. We provide a list of 44 candidate double or multiple AGNs and four previously known gravitational lenses. Many proper motion quasars may be more closely separated, unresolved doubles exhibiting the variability imposed motion effect, and a smaller fraction may be chance alignments with foreground stars causing weak gravitational lensing.
Resolved Stellar Mass Maps of Galaxies in the Hubble Frontier Fields: Evidence for Mass Dependency in Environmental Quenching
Authors: Yan Tan Vivian Yun , Muzzin Adam , Marsan Z. Cemile , Sok Visal , Alcorn Leo Y. , Matharu Jasleen , Shipley Heath , Marchesini Danilo , Nedkova Kalina V. , Martis Nicholas , van der Wel Arjen , Whitaker Katherine E.
Published: June 2022

One of the challenges in understanding the quenching processes for galaxies is connecting progenitor star-forming populations to their descendant quiescent populations over cosmic time. Here we attempt a novel approach to this challenge by assuming that the underlying stellar mass distribution of galaxies is not significantly altered during environmental-quenching processes that solely affect the gas content of cluster galaxies, such as strangulation and ram pressure stripping. Using the deep, high-resolution photometry of the Hubble Frontier Fields, we create resolved stellar mass maps for both cluster and field galaxies, from which we determine 2D Sérsic profiles, and obtain Sérsic indices and half-mass radii. We classify the quiescent cluster galaxies into disk-like and bulge-like populations based on their Sérsic indices, and find that bulge-like quiescent galaxies dominate the quiescent population at higher masses (M
⋆ > 109.5
M
⊙), whereas disk-like quiescent galaxies dominate at lower masses (108.5
M
⊙ < M
⋆ < 109.5
M
⊙). Using both the Sérsic indices and half-mass radii, we identify a population of quiescent galaxies in clusters that are morphological analogs of field star-forming galaxies. These analogs are interpreted to be star-forming galaxies that had been environmentally quenched. We use these morphological analogs to compute the environmental-quenching efficiency, and we find that the efficiency decreases with increasing stellar mass. This demonstrates that environmental quenching is more effective on less massive galaxies and that the effect of environment on quenching galaxies is not completely separable from the effect of mass on quenching galaxies.
A Library of Synthetic X-Ray Spectra for Fitting Tidal Disruption Events
Authors: Wen Sixiang , Jonker Peter G. , Stone Nicholas C. , Zabludoff Ann I. , Cao Zheng
Published: June 2022

We present a tabulated version of our slim-disk model for fitting tidal disruption events (TDEs). We create a synthetic X-ray spectral library by ray-tracing stationary general relativistic slim disks and including gravitational redshift, Doppler, and lensing effects self-consistently. We introduce the library to reduce computational expense and increase access for fitting future events. Fitting requires interpolation between the library spectra; the interpolation error in the synthetic flux is generally <10% (it can rise to 40% when the disk is nearly edge-on). We fit the X-ray spectra of the TDEs ASASSN-14li and ASASSN-15oi, successfully reproducing our earlier constraints on black hole mass M
• and spin a
• from full on-the-fly ray-tracing. We use the library to fit mock observational data to explore the degeneracies among parameters, finding that (1) spectra from a hotter thermal disk and edge-on inclination angle offer tighter constraints on M
• and a
•; (2) the constraining power of spectra on M
• and a
• increases as a power law with the number of X-ray counts, and the index of the power law is higher for hotter thermal disk spectra; (3) multiepoch X-ray spectra partially break the degeneracy between M
• and a
•; (4) the time-dependent level of X-ray absorption can be constrained from spectral fitting. The tabulated model and slim-disk model are available at https://doi.org/10.25739/hfhz-xn60.
RXTE Observation of the Nonthermal Emission from the Early Stage Merger in A1750
Authors: Henriksen Mark J.
Published: June 2022

We make the first observation-based calculation of the energy that goes into cosmic ray protons versus cosmic ray electrons in shock acceleration during structure formation. We find a ratio of energy in cosmic ray protons to energy in cosmic ray electrons of 0.86. This value, calculated from the nonthermal X-ray component reported here from RTXE and the Fermi LAT upper limit for gamma-ray emission, is significantly lower than theoretical estimates that place most of the nonthermal energy in protons. Our estimate is based on the detection of nonthermal X-ray emission using the 3–20 keV RXTE spectrum, which shows residual emission not well modeled by a single thermal component. The statistical significance of adding a nonthermal, power-law component is 96%. The significance of adding a second thermal component is 90%. The addition of a component consisting of full cosmic X-ray background fluctuation to an isothermal model is significant with 92% confidence. The cumulative probability for the two-thermal-component model is 81% and 90% for the thermal plus power law. Thus the model with nonthermal emission is the preferred description of the data. Evidence of shock heating between the clusters in the spectro-imaging data of XMM, Chandra, and Suzaku indicates that a cosmic ray component should also be present and supports a nonthermal interpretation for the additional component. The bolometric nonthermal X-ray luminosity is 1.6 × 1044 ergs s−1, 36% of the total X-ray emission in the 0.1–100 keV band.
Laboratory Measurements of Stretching Band Strengths of Deuterated Quenched Carbonaceous Composites
Authors: Mori Tamami , Onaka Takashi , Sakon Itsuki , Buragohain Mridusmita , Takahata Naoto , Sano Yuji , Pathak Amit
Published: June 2022

The observed large variation in the abundance of deuterium (D) in the interstellar medium suggests that a significant fraction of D may be depleted into polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Signatures of the deuteration of PAHs are expected to appear most clearly through the C–D stretching modes at 4.4–4.7 μm, whose strengths in emission spectra relative to those of the C–H stretching modes at 3.3–3.5 μm provide the relative abundance of D to hydrogen (H) in PAHs, once we have accurate relative band strengths of both stretching modes. We report experimental results of the band strengths of the C–D stretching modes relative to the C–H stretching modes. We employ a laboratory analog of interstellar carbonaceous dust, Quenched Carbonaceous Composite (QCC), and synthesize deuterated QCC (D-QCC) by replacing the QCC starting gas of CH4 with mixtures of CH4 and CD4 with various ratios. Infrared spectra of D-QCC are taken to estimate the relative band strengths of the stretching modes, while the D/H ratios in the D-QCC samples are measured with a nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometer. We obtain relative strengths of aromatic and aliphatic C–D to C–H stretches as 0.56 ± 0.04 and 0.38 ± 0.01 per D/H, respectively. The ratio for the aromatic stretches is in good agreement with the results of theoretical calculations, while that for the aliphatic stretches is smaller than that for the aromatic stretches. The present results do not significantly change the D/H ratios in interstellar PAHs that have previously been estimated from observed spectra.
Inferring Late-stage Enrichment of Exoplanet Atmospheres from Observed Interstellar Comets
Authors: Seligman Darryl Z. , Becker Juliette , Adams Fred C. , Feinstein Adina D. , Rogers Leslie A.
Published: June 2022

The discovery of the first two interstellar objects implies that, on average, every star contributes a substantial amount of material to the galactic population by ejecting such bodies from the host system. Because scattering is a chaotic process, a comparable amount of material should be injected into the inner regions of each system that ejects comets. For comets that are transported inwards and interact with planets, this Letter estimates the fraction of material that is accreted or outward-scattered as a function of planetary masses and orbital parameters. These calculations indicate that planets with escape velocities smaller than their current-day orbital velocities will efficiently accrete comets. We estimate the accretion efficiency for members of the current census of extrasolar planets and find that planetary populations including but not limited to hot and warm Jupiters, sub-Neptunes, and super-Earths can efficiently capture incoming comets. This cometary enrichment may have important ramifications for postformation atmospheric composition and chemistry. As a result, future detections and compositional measurements of interstellar comets will provide direct measurements of material that potentially enriched a subpopulation of the extrasolar planets. Finally, we estimate the efficiency of this enrichment mechanism for extrasolar planets that will be observed with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). With JWST currently operational and these observations imminently forthcoming, it is of critical importance to investigate how enrichment from interstellar comet analogs may affect the interpretations of exoplanet atmospheric compositions.
Australian Frog Atlas: species’ distribution maps informed by the FrogID dataset
Authors: Cutajar Timothy P. , Portway Christopher D. , Gillard Grace L. , Rowley Jodi J. L.
Published: June 2022

We use data from the citizen science project FrogID, comprised of expert-validated, spatially accurate occurrence records of frog species across Australia, to map the known distributions of Australia’s frogs. We combined over half a million occurrence records of 209 species from the FrogID dataset with expert-checked occurrence data from the national biodiversity data aggregate (Atlas of Living Australia) and published literature, to create distribution maps for all 247 native frog species known from Australia and the introduced cane toad (Rhinella marina). These maps represent the most up-to-date, accurate and detailed set of Australian frog species maps available, and reveal species richness patterns across the continent. They are an Open Access resource for researchers, conservation practitioners and land managers, with the aim of better understanding and conserving Australia’s frogs. This is version one of the Australian Frog Atlas, which we expect to update on an approximately annual basis. The Australian Frog Atlas maps—as shapefiles and in KML format—are published online as an Open Access supplemental dataset (see Cutajar et al., 2021).
Degradation of the electrical conductivity of charged domain walls in reduced lithium niobate crystals
Authors: Kislyuk Aleksandr M. , Ilina Tatiana S. , Kubasov Ilya V. , Kiselev Dmitry A. , Temirov Aleksandr A. , Turutin Andrei V. , Shportenko Andrey S. , Malinkovich Mikhail D. , Parkhomenko Yuri N.
Published: June 2022

In this work, the effect of long-term room temperature exposure on the electrical conductivity of the charged domain wall (CDWs) in nonpolar x-cut congruent lithium niobate (LiNbO3, LN) crystals has been studied. Bidomain ferroelectric structures containing head-to-head charged domain boundaries have been produced by diffusion annealing in air near the Curie temperature and by infrared annealing. The crystals have been reduction annealed in a nitrogen atmosphere for the formation of color centers and growth of the electrical conductivity. The current measured during the recording of the I-V curves of the specimens using scanning probe microscope after room temperature exposure for 91 days has been found to decrease. The effect of storage conditions on the electrical conductivity of the CDWs has been studied. Degradation of the electrical conductivity does not originate from the effect of environment on the crystal surface. It has been hypothesized that the degradation is caused by distribution of charge carriers shielding the bound charge of the CDWs.
A new brackish tanaidacean, Sinelobus kisui sp. nov. (Crustacea, Peracarida, Tanaidacea), from Japan, with a key to Sinelobus species and barcode information from two loci
Authors: Hirano Kyoko , Kakui Keiichi
Published: June 2022

We describe the new brackish tanaidid species Sinelobus kisuisp. nov. from Hagi, Yamaguchi, Japan. Sinelobus kisui is similar to S. barretti and S. vanhaareni in having antennal article 2 with one outer distal seta, the dorsodistal crotchet on pereopods 2 and 3 carpi shorter than half propodus length, and pereopodal carpi 2–6 with five distal crotchets, but differs from them in having (1) the inner of two ventro-subdistal circumplumose setae on the maxillipedal endite longer than the outer; (2) the maxillipedal endite with one mid-inner spiniform seta; (3) the pereopod-1 propodus with one middle setulate seta; and (4) the pleopod-1 protopod lacking inner plumose setae. Our study confirmed that character states of the chelipeds in strongly dimorphic males are useful in Sinelobus taxonomy. We determined partial sequences for the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI; cox1) and 18S rRNA (18S) genes in S. kisui for future DNA barcoding and phylogenetic analyses. Morphological and/or molecular data reveal that S. kisui also occurs in Kagawa and Osaka, Japan. A key to species in Sinelobus is provided.
La plainte pour viol des adolescentes, marchepied de l’émancipation féminine ?
Authors: Raffy Alex
Published: June 2022

Les mutations sociétales défendent mieux du viol la population féminine par ses lois et le dispositif d’accueil des plaintes. À la puberté, le discord entre les deux sexes est majeur, du fait de leur différence anatomique : les garçons veulent faire la preuve de leur virilité en « couchant », tandis que les filles sont plus réticentes (virginité, crainte de la douleur). Les notions d’emprise, de viol et de traumatisme seront abordées. Les déconvenues de ces relations se judiciarisent, au point que la plainte comme menace ou punition tend à devenir un nouvel outil pour les jeunes filles.
Objet et création dans la cure
Authors: Forveille Élisabeth
Published: June 2022

La création d’un objet dans sa matérialité est parfois nécessaire dans la cure, avec les patients pour lesquels il ne s’agit pas d’interpréter mais de construire. Cet objet est le témoin et la figuration de l’ouverture d’un espace potentiel. Mon expérience personnelle et celle menée avec mes patients dans leur cure m’ont conduite à en analyser les mécanismes, particulièrement celui du surgissement de l’émotion qu’Anne Boissière, philosophe, a mis en relief dans son analyse de l’essai de Freud sur le Moïse de Michel-Ange.
Le musée Sigmund Freud à Vienne : un musée de soi-même
Authors: Finzi Daniela , Sigwalt Patrick
Published: June 2022

Ce texte, qui se présente sous la forme d’une petite pièce de théâtre écrite en plusieurs actes, veut faire du lecteur un visiteur actif de l’histoire du Sigmund Freud Museum à Vienne : l’exil comme point de départ du projet freudien. Le projet de rénovation dont il est question dans l’article répond à cette même architecture du désir , en particulier dans le traitement esthétique réservé à l’ objet , qui est fait pour nous a -muser le temps d’une troménie ; un « musée de soi-même ». Enfin, en revenant sur la presse viennoise de l’époque le lecteur pourra mieux apprécier l’accueil ambivalent qui est réservé à la psychanalyse, et ces mots qui résonnent encore aujourd’hui : « c’est seulement maintenant que nous pouvons mesurer la révolution qu’elle représente pour notre vie intellectuelle et psychique ».
Covid, état d’urgence et libertés publiques
Authors: Schouler Clément , Mucchielli Laurent
Published: June 2022

Voilà maintenant plus de deux ans que dure la crise sanitaire liée au Covid-19 en France, période durant laquelle des contraintes inédites ont été mises en place pour y faire face : confinement, restriction des déplacements, obligation de port d’un masque, obligation vaccinale pour certains citoyens, etc. Si l’épidémie n’a pas disparu, elle semble désormais connaître une phase moins aiguë et, malgré l’apparition régulière de nouveaux variants, la vie normale a presque repris son cours. Cependant, cette crise et les mesures (notamment d’urgence) qui ont été prises depuis deux ans par l’exécutif ont soulevé de nombreuses questions quant au respect des libertés, dans l’espace public, mais aussi au travail, dans l’accès aux loisirs, etc. Partant de ces bouleversements et des contestations qui les ont accompagnés, Futuribles a décidé de lancer une série d’articles consacrés à la problématique des libertés versus demande de protection, de surveillance, etc. La crise Covid a ouvert de nombreux débats et nous démarrons donc cette série par un forum contestant, sur le plan juridique et institutionnel, la façon dont les mesures de restriction des libertés ont été mises en place depuis 2020, mais les prochains articles de notre série ne seront pas circonscrits à ce contexte. Dans ce forum, Clément Schouler et Laurent Mucchielli estiment que depuis mars 2020, sous couvert de l’état d’urgence, c’est tout l’édifice institutionnel de garantie des libertés qui a été remis en cause, en France, par la politique sanitaire du gouvernement. Cette dernière a consisté globalement en deux politiques publiques : le confinement général puis la vaccination de masse. Et à chaque fois, les contre-pouvoirs parlementaires et judiciaires ont été gravement défaillants, affirment les auteurs, qui nous alertent ainsi sur les menaces pour la démocratie et les libertés d’un tel enchaînement de défaillances institutionnelles.  S.D.
Delayed Laser In Situ Keratomileusis Interface Haze 6 Months After Corneal Cross-linking for Ectasia
Authors: Assaf Jad F. , Hafezi Farhad , Awwad Shady T.
Published: June 2022

PURPOSE:

To report a case of delayed subepithelial haze at the laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) flap interface after corneal cross-linking (CXL) for LASIK-induced ectasia.

METHODS:

A 39-year-old woman with ectasia after LASIK underwent accelerated CXL with riboflavin and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose every 2 minutes for 20 minutes, then ultraviolet light at a fluence of 10 mW/cm
2
for 9 minutes. Outcomes measured included stromal haze assessment and visual refractive parameters. Follow-up was conducted using slit-lamp imaging, optical coherence tomography (OCT), corneal topography, and a dedicated OCT image analysis software.

RESULTS:

Six months after CXL, OCT of the right eye showed a sharply demarcated hyperreflective linear lesion inferotemporal to the corneal center, at the LASIK flap interface. The haze was 1.5-mm wide with 12.49 grayscale units (GSU) intensity and involved the anterior stroma at 0.9 mm away from the center extending from 225° to 255°. This haze peaked at 9 months after CXL, reaching 3 mm in size and 29.01 GSU in intensity. Corneal topography showed steepening on the haze area and flattening on the diametrically opposite side. Topical steroid therapy was initiated. At final evaluation (19 months), there was a significant decrease in haze reflectivity and size, accompanied by marked improvement of the topography.

CONCLUSIONS:

Delayed corneal haze after CXL with a history of LASIK can develop at the level of the LASIK interface right under the cone area. Although it was responsive to topical steroid therapy, the reasons for this clinical presentation are still unknown.

[
Journal of Refractive Surgery Case Reports.
2022;2(2):e46–e50.]
Ekeland's variational principle in fuzzy quasi-normed spaces
Authors: Zhou Wei , Wu Jianrong
Published: June 2022

Fuzzy quasi-normed space provides an ideal mathematical framework for studying asymmetric phenomena. In this paper, we prove a version of the Ekeland variational principle in fuzzy quasi-normed spaces and apply it to Caristi's fixed point theorem and Takahashi minimization theorem. Moreover, we prove the equivalence relations among these theorems.
De la salle à manger au Collège royal : les espaces savants des collaboratrices en astronomie de Jérôme Lalande
Authors: Lémonon-Waxin Isabelle
Published: June 2022

Jérôme Lalande, célèbre astronome français au xviiie siècle, collabora tout au long de sa carrière, avec plusieurs « calculatrices » en astronomie : Nicole Reine Lepaute, Marie Louise Dupiéry et Marie Jeanne Lefrançois. À la prise en charge de tâches très techniques de calcul et parfois d’observation, elles assumaient également l’intendance scientifique de l’astronome. Cette gestion d’une part de l’entreprise savante s’opérait principalement depuis l’espace domestique, tout comme les calculs astronomiques. Cet espace était donc à la fois espace de vie familiale et espace de production de savoirs. Cet article s’intéresse à son organisation matérielle ainsi qu’aux dynamiques qui s’instauraient entre les différents lieux de savoirs impliqués ici.
Bringing the Empire to the Provinces: Colonial Museums and Colonial. Knowledge in Fascist Italy
Authors: Falcucci Beatrice
Published: June 2022

In Mussolini’s totalitarian state the colonial collections, displaying raw materials and natural history specimens as well as ethnographic collections, were part of wider political contexts; they provided comforting ideas of supremacy and control. Through them the Empire came to be understood by people less as something “out there”, and instead it came to have a palpable, material presence all over Italy. Through objects visitors were able to glean information about diverse people’s culture and climates, make assumptions about their relative positions in socio-evolutionary hierarchies, and justify their own political and economic subjugation of such people. The aim of this paper is to underline the existence of a dialogue between peripheries in which the transmission of materiality between the two has been shaping the colonial consciousness of the Italian people, beyond the fall of the fascist regime.
From the Field to the Bookshop. Shaping Persepolis in the Early 18th century
Authors: Giusti Emanuele
Published: June 2022

Between the 17th and the 18th centuries three travelers — Jean Chardin, Engel-bert Kaempfer and Cornelis de Bruijn — tried to represent accurately the Iranian monuments of Persepolis and Naqsh-e Rostam. Social, material, and environmental factors influenced the travelers’ observations on the field as well as the transformation of their notes and sketches in books and engravings designed for the public. In spite of the travelers’ attempts at overcoming the difficulties of fieldwork and reproducing in print the reality of Persepolis, their claims to truth — especially de Bruijn’s — were put in jeopardy not only by the nature of Persepolis as an unstable environment for the development of a historical knowledge, but also by their efforts to crystallize it through mobile material supports.