bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of enzyme solutions-based complexes for oil production intensification
Authors:   JV “Vietsovpetro”, Vung Tau, Vietnam, Shchetnikov V. I. , Mukhametshin V. V. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Veliev M. M. ,   JV “Vietsovpetro”, Vung Tau, Vietnam, Kuleshova L. S. ,   Institute of Oil and Gas, Ufa State Petroleum Technological University (Branch in the City of Oktyabrsky), Oktyabrsky, Russia, Vafin R. V. ,   Institute of Oil and Gas, Ufa State Petroleum Technological University (Branch in the City of Oktyabrsky), Oktyabrsky, Russia, Mingulov Sh. G. ,   Institute of Oil and Gas, Ufa State Petroleum Technological University (Branch in the City of Oktyabrsky), Oktyabrsky, Russia
Published: January 2023

The article presents the laboratory studies results of enzyme-based complexes. It has been shown that to prevent a decrease in enzyme activity in reservoir conditions due to high salinity and temperature, it is necessary to include chelate compounds to limit the effect of metal ions. The results of the EDTA-chelate experiment showed that at EDTA concentrations between 2 and 0.8%, the turbidity of the enzyme solution decreased during the testing time, demonstrating the positive effect of using EDTA with enzymes in a salt water environment. On the basis of experiment the optimal enzyme solutions and surfactants concentration for the minimum surface tension value has been clarified. The optimal effect of the minimum surface tension value is 1.735 mN/m with components was obtained at the enzyme:surfactant ratio equal to 0.477:0.3. The thermal stability of the enzyme complex study results showed that the interfacial tension between the enzyme complex solution and kerosene is much less than the interfacial tension between sea water and kerosene (21.75 mN/m), and this is proof of the enzyme complex thermal stability at the reservoir temperature. Keywords: enzyme solution; thermal stability; wettability; oil recovery stimulation; surfactant.
Experimental studies of oil displacement ability using enzyme solutions based complexes on a reservoir model
Authors:   JV “Vietsovpetro”, Vung Tau, Vietnam, Veliev M. M. , Shchetnikov V. I. ,   JV “Vietsovpetro”, Vung Tau, Vietnam, Mukhametshin V. V. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Kuleshova L. S. ,   Institute of Oil and Gas, Ufa State Petroleum Technological University (Branch in the City of Oktyabrsky), Oktyabrsky, Russia, Vafin T. R. ,   Institute of Oil and Gas, Ufa State Petroleum Technological University (Branch in the City of Oktyabrsky), Oktyabrsky, Russia
Published: January 2023

The article presents the laboratory tests results of enzyme solutions application on the model of the White Tiger Miocene deposits. It has been established that the enzyme solutions application makes it possible to increase the oil displacement efficiency in the range of 7.23–10.59%. The values variation is associated with different core samples characteristics in terms of porosity, permeability, initial oil saturation, and in terms of lithological composition as well. After enzyme solution treatment the differential pressure decreases, which indicates a change in the oil with oil-bearing rock wettability. Keywords: Enzyme solution; reservoir model; oil displacement efficiency; wettability; bottomhole formation zone.
Real-time monitoring and control of energy security indicators based on synchrophasor measurements
Authors:   Azerbaijan Scientific-Research and Design-Survey Institute of Energy, Baku, Azerbaijan, Suleymanov K. A.
Published: January 2023

Based on the analysis of the development of the Azerbaijan EPS, it is distinguished by its power and network structure, expanded intersystem communications, and is substantiated by a monitoring and control plan based on synchrophasor measurements of the state of the reliability mode - an indicator of energy security. The effectiveness of a large-scale assessment of the PMU installation in the Azerbaijan EPS. Keywords: energy security; regime reliability; power system; SCADA/EMS – WAMS, PMU.
Enhanced oil recovery mechanism with nanofluid injection
Authors:   «OilGasScientificResearchProject» Institute, SOCAR, Baku, Azerbaijan, Suleimanov B. A. , Abbasov H. F. ,   «OilGasScientificResearchProject» Institute, SOCAR, Baku, Azerbaijan
Published: January 2023

The development and application of enhanced oil recovery technologies using nanofluids have been observed in last decade. It was found that the use of these reagents leads to the wettability alteration of the pore walls of the rock, an interfacial tension reduction, a decrease in oil viscosity, and an increase in the disjoining pressure. This paper presents the results of studying the displacement of residual oil on homogeneous quartz sandstone using the nanofluids, obtained by peptizing the sediments in a mixture of seawater with calcium and magnesium salts. Nitric and organic acids were used as peptizing agents. When using the developed nanofluids, an increase in oil production by 15-20% was achieved in comparison with seawater. A new approach for the mechanism of action of nanoparticles on the formation, leading to an increase in oil production, is proposed. Keywords: oil recovery; displacement efficiency; nanofluid; peptization; wettability alteration; interfacial tension.
Self-sustaining organic acid system for treatment of terrigenous reservoirs
Authors:   Umid Babek Operation Company (UBOC), Baku, Azerbaijan, Gurbanov А. G. , Rzayeva S. J. ,   «OilGasScientificResearchProject» Institute, SOCAR, Baku, Azerbaijan
Published: January 2023

A method for acid treatment of the bottom zone of a terrigenous heterogeneous reservoir, including isolation of highly permeable reservoir areas with a foam solution formed in the reservoir and subsequent treatment of low-permeability reservoir zones with an organic acid systemhas been developed. The composition of the organic acid system is selected depending on the carbonate content of the bottom well area. The efficiency of the method is increased by increasing the foam system stability, the depth and thickness coverage of the formation, and by reducing corrosion activity as a result of the use of organic acid systems. As carbonate rocks dissolve, the reservoir and filtration characteristics of the formation will increase. Keywords: acid treatment; citric acid; whey; polymer; crosslinker; foam system; stability; carbonate content; permeability.
Methodical approach to substantiation of the strategy for the development of residual oil reserves at the final stage of development, taking into account facies analysis
Authors:   Institute of Oil and Gas, Ufa State Petroleum Technological University (branch in the city of Oktyabrsky), Oktyabrsky, Russia, Grishchenko V. A. , Mukhametshin V. V. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Bakhtizin R. N. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Zeigman Yu. V. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Kuleshova L. S. ,   Institute of Oil and Gas, Ufa State Petroleum Technological University (branch in the city of Oktyabrsky), Oktyabrsky, Russia, Yakupov R. F. ,   Institute of Oil and Gas, Ufa State Petroleum Technological University (branch in the city of Oktyabrsky), Oktyabrsky, Russia, Vafin T. R. ,   Institute of Oil and Gas, Ufa State Petroleum Technological University (branch in the city of Oktyabrsky), Oktyabrsky, Russia
Published: January 2023

The article considers and solves the problem of finding the optimal strategy for the development of terrigenous deposits of the Bobrikovsko-Radaev horizon of one of the deposits of the Ural-Volga region. Based on the analysis of the behavior of the curves obtained during geophysical surveys in more than three thousand wells, four main types of facies zones were identified, characterized by different porosity and permeability properties and formed development systems. As part of the analysis of the reservoir pressure maintenance system, a direct influence of reservoir properties on the efficiency of waterflooding was established, which made it possible to develop an optimization strategy and the formation of new injection sites. Using the method of multiple regression analysis, two statistical models have been obtained – the reservoir properties model and the facies model, which make it possible to quickly assess the recovery factor and select the optimal development system for fields with a lesser degree of knowledge. Keywords: oil field development; geological structure; facies model; hydraulic fracturing; horizontal wells; hydrodynamic model; multiple regression analysis.
Study of the possibility of reservoir water solutions as a well-killing fluid using
Authors:   Institute of Oil and Gas, USPTU, (branch in Oktyabrsky), Russia, Kadyrov R. R. , Mukhametshin V. V. ,   Institute of Oil and Gas, Ufa State Oil Technical University (branch in Oktyabrsky), Oktyabrsky, Russia, Rabaev R. U. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Kuleshova L. S. ,   Institute of Oil and Gas, Ufa State Oil Technical University (branch in Oktyabrsky), Oktyabrsky, Russia, Shchetnikov V. I. ,   JV «Vietsovpetro», Vung Tau, Vietnam, Galiullina I. F. ,   Institute of Oil and Gas, Ufa State Oil Technical University (branch in Oktyabrsky), Oktyabrsky, Russia, Gabzalilova A. Kh. ,   Institute of Oil and Gas, Ufa State Oil Technical University (branch in Oktyabrsky), Oktyabrsky, Russia
Published: January 2023

The possibility and expediency of using reservoir and oilfield wastewater in areas of depleted and exhausted deposits in oil production for the preparation of liquids used for well killing, cement slurry mixing; table salt suitable as a food product producing. Based on laboratory studies, it has been found out that from one ton of water, on average, 180–210 kg of well killing fluid and 140–150 kg of common salt can be obtained, and dilution of heavy brine with fresh technical water can significantly increase the cement stone strength when fixing wells. The carried out simulation tests indicate that there is no deterioration in the reservoir properties of productive formations when they come into contact with heavy brines and the possibility of using such brines as a well killing fluid. A method has been developed for well-killing fluid and sodium chloride obtaining from oil field formation waters, including the initial formation water of calcium chloride type purification from mechanical impurities, oil residues, bringing its density to the concentration of calcium chloride, at which sodium chloride precipitates. Keywords: reservoir water; well killing fluid; table salt; cement stone strength; sodium chloride salting.
Substantiation of the absolute permeability model taking into account the pore tortuosity factor according to the capillarimetric investigations results
Authors:   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Akhmetov R.T. , Kuleshova L.S. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Mukhametshin V. V. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Malyshev P. M. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Safiullina A. R. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia
Published: January 2023

The paper shows that the capillary pressure curves parameters of reservoirs in Western Siberia can be estimated with good accuracy by the formation residual water saturation value, and when quantifying the absolute permeability, the hydraulic tortuosity is taken into account as an inverse power function of effective porosity. It is shown that the proposed absolute permeability model makes it possible to estimate the reservoir permeability with sufficiently high accuracy. Keywords: model; permeability, porosity; hydraulic tortuosity; capillary pressure curves; residual water saturation.
Evaluation and use of the productivity coefficient for development management problems solving
Authors:   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Kuleshova L. S. , Mukhametshin V. Sh. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Rabaev R. U. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Sultanov Sh. Kh. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Stepanova R. R. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Kobishcha D. I. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia
Published: January 2023

It is shown that in the conditions of low-productive carbonate deposits with hard-to-recover reserves, confined to the Middle Carboniferous deposits of the Birskaya saddle and the Perm-Bashkir arch of the Volga-Ural oil and gas province, the productivity factor determined during the well flow rate stabilization period after development largely determines the final technological development indicators. We propose geological and statistical models allowing determining the productivity values to the greatest extent reflecting the real reservoir properties at the point of opening it with a well. The obtained results make it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of measures aimed at improving the efficiency of managerial decisions to achieve the maximum return on the oil companies’ assets. Keywords: productivity factor; geological and statistical models; empirical base models, oil recovery factor; geological and physical parameters; technological development indicators.
Oil flooding in carbonate reservoirs management
Authors:   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Mukhametshin V. Sh.
Published: January 2023

The article presents the analysis and generalization of the process of deposits flooding in the carbonate reservoirs of the Tournaisian stage Kizelovsky horizon of one relatively homogeneous group of fields of the Volga-Ural oil and gas province which was carried out in order to obtain the possibility of increasing the water injection managing efficiency into the reservoir to increase the oil recovery. Geological and physical parameters having a predominant effect on the sweeping efficiency and the injectivity profile variation along the thickness in injection wells have been identified. Models making it possible to assess and predict the injection sweep factor and variation of the injectivity profile by thickness using current geological and field information both at the stage of putting fields into development and at the stage of full drilling out of deposits have been obtained. The obtained results are proposed to be used to improve the development management efficiency both at the objects of study themselves and at analogue deposits. Keywords: development management; carbonate reservoir; flooding; multivariate models; injection sweep ratio; correlation coefficient; injectivity profile.
Geomechanical aspects of improving well drilling in difficult mining conditions
Authors:   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Chizhov A. P. ,   Institute of strategic research of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Ufa, Russia, Mukhametshin V. V. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Andreev V. E. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia,   Institute of strategic research of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Ufa, Russia,   Institute of strategic research of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Ufa, Russia, Kuleshova L. S. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Andreev A. V. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Safiullina A. R. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia
Published: January 2023

The research carried out made it possible to improve the technology of drilling wells in difficult mining conditions. The proposed approach is based on a systematic approach to the consolidation of borehole walls and its separation from exposed systems of reservoir rocks. The studies cover the unstable rocks of the sedimentary cover of the eastern edge of the Russian platform and the conditions for drilling wells in them. The holes are oriented and horizontal. Field tests have shown that the proposed technical and technological solutions enable the successful solution of the set scientific and technical problems. It is recommended to test the proposed solutions in other regions of Russia and abroad. Keywords: well construction; geomechanics; wall stability; improvement; systemic approach; complex mining conditions.
Research on resistance of oil-oxidizing microorganisms to the action of ionizing radiation
Authors:   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Yagafarova G. G. , Safarov A. Kh. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Migranova I. G. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Akchurina L. R. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia, Mikulik D. I. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia
Published: January 2023

The article presents the results of a study of the resistance of certain types of soil microorganisms to the combined effects of chemical and radiation pollution. In particular, data on the resistance to gamma radiation of a consortium of indigenous oil-oxidizing microorganisms isolated from oil-contaminated soil are presented. The studies were carried out according to two changing parameters: the distance from the radiation source, as well as the exposure time. Additionally, researches were conducted to study the effect of radiation on the enzymatic activity of the test media. During the work, it was found that ionizing radiation has a depressing effect on the enzymatic activity of soils. At the same time, studies allowed us to conclude, that certain types of soil microorganisms, that are part of the microbiocenosis of oil-contaminated soils (in particular Rhodococcus erythropolis, Pseudomonas putida and micromycete Aspergillus species) are resistant to gamma radiation at an irradiation dose of up to 1.55 mSv/h and an exposure time of up to 60 minutes. Keywords: radiation; oil-ontaminated soils; native oiloxidizing microorganisms; resistance; enzymatic activity.
Investigation of the dynamics of particle settling during separation condensing gases
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Oil and İndustry University, Baku, Azerbaijan, Ismayilov G. G. , Ismailov R. A. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and İndustry University, Baku, Azerbaijan, Babirov X. N. ,   «OilGasScientificResearchProject» Institute, SOCAR, Baku, Azerbaijan
Published: January 2023

The experience of operating gas separation process units shows that it is not always possible to achieve effective separation of liquid particles. Traditional calculation formulas for determining the settling rate of particles in separators are based on the thermodynamic equilibrium of the main parameters of the incoming gas flow (pressure, density). At the same time, well production, in particular condensing gases, is a nonequilibrium system, which is characterized by a certain delay (relaxation times) in changing parameters. As a result of this delay, the settling rate of particles in the separator does not have time to reach the steady state Stokes regime corresponding to effective separation. The paper proposes a nonequilibrium model for the sedimentation rate of particles and developed an algorithm for its numerical implementation. Using this algorithm, multivariate computational experiments were carried out to study the dynamics of particle settling. It was found that for the effective separation of liquid particles in a gravity separator, the relaxation time for the settling velocity of the particles should not exceed 10 sec. Keywords: gas separation; gravity separator; particle settling rate; relaxation time.
Generation and emigration of hydrocarbons in the Meso-Cenozoic complex of the Black Sea-Caspian region
Authors:   S. Ordzhonikidze Russian State University for Geological Prospecting, Moscow, Russia, Kerimov V. Yu. ,   Institute of Oil and Gas, ANAS, Baku, Azerbaijan, Mustaev R. N. ,   S. Ordzhonikidze Russian State University for Geological Prospecting, Moscow, Russia, Lavrenova E. A. ,   S. Ordzhonikidze Russian State University for Geological Prospecting, Moscow, Russia, Yandarbiev N. Sh. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2023

As part of the assessment of the prospects for oil and gas potential in the study area, numerical modeling of generation and accumulation systems was performed, as a result of which the centers of hydrocarbon generation located within sedimentary basins were identified. Based on the levels of modern maturity and OM transformation of the established and proposed oil and gas source rocks, as well as the estimates of the specific densities of hydrocarbon emigration at 5 stratigraphic levels, independent generation centers were identified: Middle Jurassic, Lower Cretaceous, Eocene, Maikop and Miocene. Variations in the sinking rates of basins at different stages of their development had a critical impact on the realization of their generation potential by oil and gas source strata. As a result, source rocks of the same age in the basins overcame the critical moment at different times and by now have realized their potential to varying degrees. In basins with low subsidence rates, there is a delay in the emigration process with respect to generation, which is not typical for basins with high rates. The main promising complex within the study area is Cretaceous deposits, the hydrocarbon saturation of which is provided both by its own source rock and by flows from deeper horizons of the sedimentary cover. The second most important are the Paleogene complex. Keywords: Black Sea-Caspian region; Meso-Cenozoic complex; cata-genetic zoning; modern maturity of deposits; degree of transformation of organic matter; generation; emigration; critical mome.
Decision-making in the conditions of introduction of automated design systems of technological processes in enterprises of oil machine building
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Bogatenkov S. A. , Sazonova N. S. ,   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Yusubov N. D. ,   Azerbaijan Technical University, Baku, Azerbaijan, Abbasova H. M. ,   Azerbaijan Technical University, Baku, Azerbaijan, Badalova B. B. ,   Azerbaijan Technical University, Baku, Azerbaijan, Bazhenov R. I. ,   Amur State University named after Sholom Aleichem, Birobidzhan, Russia
Published: January 2023

To ensure the effectiveness of professional activities in the face of increasing requirements for the scope of design work and production preparation time, computer-aided design of technological processes (CAD of TP) systems are used. However, there is a problem of safe implementation of CAD of TP. The aim of the study is to develop a decision-making methodology for adapting CAD of TP to the conditions of oil machine building enterprises and to the work of personnel based on a systematic approach to threat analysis. The methodology includes methods for choosing CAD of TP, using text and graphic prompts when entering information, as well as applying methods for unifying various CAD systems and adapting them to enterprise conditions at the database level. The results of the study are implemented in CAD for operations performed on multi-spindle horizontal automatic lathes and are used at South Ural State University and Azerbaijan Technical University. Keywords: technological process, computer-aided design, decision making, design methods, ways of adaptation, oil machine building.
Rodent Tagging And Identification
Authors:   ConductScience, Corscadden Louise , Sutipatanasomboon Arpaporn
Published: January 2023

Animal tagging is a means to identify and distinguish all the individual animals of interest, which applies to wildlife, farm, or laboratory animals. It involves attaching a tag to a specific animal part that contains a unique identifier for each animal. The identifier can be numbers, alphabets, or a combination of both that distinguish and track the animals throughout their lifespans. In rodents, tagging is the most popular identification approach. Typically, tags are made from metals and attached to the outer part of rodent ears, or the ear pinna. In rare circumstances, metal tags can also be attached to the rodent’s leg or tail.
Impact of Various Concentration of Phenol and p-Chlorophenol to the Microalgal Population in Wastewater
Authors: Rawindran Hemamalini , Lim Jun Wei , Rao Pasupuleti Visweswara , Wai Hong Leong , Julian Dinshaw Ignatius , Seng Liew Chin , Tasnim Binti Sahrin Nurul , Raksasat Ratchaprapa , Musa Ardo Fatima
Published: January 2023

Microalgae based biological treatment aiding in nutrient reduction in wastewater has attained growing interest in the wastewater remediation industry. This study focuses on the degradation of phenol and p-chlorophenol by microalgae, NH4+-N reduction, biomass residue, and flocculation efficiency of the microalgae. The microalgae culture was utilized for testing with a phenol compound with several concentrations, i.e., 10, 30, 50, 75, and 100 mg/L. To measure the degradation of concentration of the phenolic compound concentration in each bioreactor, the UV-VIS spectrometer is used. Consequently, NH4+-N,biomassresidue, and flocculation efficiency were measured by means of titrimetric method and UV-VIS spectroscopy. These testing were conducted within 0 hour to192 hours corresponding to eight days.
A lexical study of coffee shop signs in Jordan
Authors: Alkhaldi Ali Ata , Rababah Mahmoud Ali , Al-Saidat Emad Mohammad , Rakhieh Belal Majed , Rababah Khalid Ali
Published: January 2023

Shop signs are essential because potential customers see signs before they use the service that a business offers. This study investigates how the promotion of goods or services is lexicalized in commercial café signs in the trendy Jordanian society. It investigates the linguistic material of café signs in a sample of 142 café sign boards in Irbid-Jordan. The signs were photographed and 20 cafés’ owners were interviewed to better understand the factors that affect their use of café signs. The study employed the qualitative approach to analyse the observation and interview data. The results revealed that the café signage was largely dominated by the English language due to its vitality, globalization, economic motivations, and the customers’ positive attitudes toward English. The study also revealed the lexicalization of trendy café names, lexical modernization, foreign cultural and pragmatic referents, such as superiority, religious, emotional, ethical, physical strength, color, historical, floral, celebrity reference which aim to heighten prominence. Different linguistic strategies including politeness strategy, personification, and metaphor were found in the signs to attract customers. The study would contribute to a better understanding of the use of English in lingua franca contexts in Jordan, and utilizing these commercial signs as a realistic source of learning linguistic strategies and pragmatics.
Texts, Images, And Music in Billie Eilish's Bad Guy Music Video on youtube.com
Authors: Nur Afnita Asfar  , Apriliana Suriyanti
Published: January 2023

This research is intended to analyze texts, images, and music in Billie Eilish’s Bad Guy music video on youtube.com using a multimodal discourse analysis by Kress and Leeuwen. The objective of this research is to find out how the texts, images, and music modes are used and integrated meaning among them. This research used descriptive qualitative method. The researcher used a multimodal discourse analysis theory by Kress and Leeuwen (2006) to analyze the texts and the images, and the theory by Leeuwen (1999) to analyze the music. The source of data in this research taken from “Bad Guy” music video by Eilish’s YouTube account, and the secondary data taken from the notation sheet by musicnotes.com. The data were collected through downloading, copying, watching and screenshotting, and identifying the data based on the theory. While the techniques analyzed the data were presenting, describing, interpreting, making data display, and concluding. The researchers found that the selection and use of these modes are not only to create a work that is aesthetic and attractive to the audience but also to convey the message and ideology of the producer and composer through visuals.
BANTUAN HUKUM TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA PEMBUNUHAN BERENCANA
Authors: Jyoti KaniaCri  , I Nyoman Gede Sugiartha  , I Gusti Agung Ayu Gita Pritayanti Dinar
Published: January 2023

Pemberian bantuan hukum merupakan jaminan atas hak-hak masyarakat untuk memperoleh pelayanan yang setara di muka hukum, termasuk di dalamnya hak-hak seseorang yang telah melakukan pembunuhan berencana yang didakwa dengan hukuman pidana berat seperti sudah diatur dalam peraturan perundang-undangan. Adapun rumusan masalah (1) Bagaimanakah pengaturan bantuan hukum terhadap tindak pidana pembunuhan berencana (2) Bagaimanakah akibat hukum terhadap tindak pidana pembunuhan berencana yang tidak mendapatkan bantuan hukum. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui dan meneliti tentang pengaturan dan akibat apabila bantuan hukum terhadap tindak pidana pembunuhan berencana tidak mendapatkan bantuan hukum dan Dapat disimpulkan bahwa Legal Aid terfokus kepada bantuan hukum kepada warga masyarakat golongan tidak mampu atau miskin, Legal Assistance terfokus kepada bantuan hukum kepada semua kalangan warga masyarakat baik yang mampu dalam hal memberikan prestasi maupun kalangan masyarakat tidak mampu atau miskin dan Legal Service memiliki konsep yang lebih besar lagi yaitu sebuah pelayanan kepada masyarakat Metode yang dipergunakan untuk menyusun skripsi ini ialah metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan analisis ahli hukum. Dalam hasil penelitian ini pemberian bantuan hukum diberikan bukan hanya untuk membela kepentingan pelaku tindak pidana untuk bebas dari segala tuntutan tetapi untuk memenuhi hak pelaku tindak pidana dan juga untuk menjalankan fungsi UU dan apabila dalam tindak pidana pembunuhan berencana tidak mendapatkan bantuan hukum maka dapat dinyatakan batal demi hukum (null and void). Adapun saran yang diberikan dalam penelitian ini yaitu perlu adanya kesadaran para penegak hukum untuk lebih transparan sehingga tidak terjadi diskriminasi dalam pemberian bantuan hukum.
PELAKSANAAN PERJANJIAN KREDIT DENGAN JAMINAN FIDUSIA PT.BPR BANK DAERAH GIANYAR KABUPATEN GIANYAR
Authors: Anak Agung Gede Rizky Pramana  , Desak Gde Dwi Arini  , Ni Luh Made Mahendrawati
Published: January 2023

Perjanjian kredit yang dilanjutkan dengan perjanjian jaminan fidusia pada praktek harus dengan rinci termuat tentang jaminan fidusia. Pengaturannya yaitu pada UU No 42 Tahun 1999 mengenai jaminan fidusia. Pengertian perjanjian adalah sebagai persesuaian kehendak ataupun kata sepakat terhadap suatu perjanjian perbuatan yang terkandung didalamnya. Pada prakteknya di PT.BPR Bank Daerah Gianyar serta faktor yang sebagai penghambat eksekusi yang dilakukan mengenai nasabah yang telah dilakukannya wanprestasi terkait perjanjian kredit terhadap jaminan fidusia. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian hukum empiris yaitu penelitian yang melakukan penelitian fakta-fakta yang terjadi dilapangan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini menerapkan prinsip kehati-hatian dan prinsip rahasia yang bertujuan untuk menjaga kadar kepercayaan masyarakat agar tetap tinggi kepada bank. Hasil pelaksanaan perjanjian kredit dengan jaminan fidusia di Bank PT. BPR Bank Daerah Gianyar dilakukan oleh pihak bank dengan pihak debitur yang mempunyai kredit dengan jaminan berupa jaminan Fidusia. Perjanjian kredit dilakukan setelah pihak bank menyatakan bahwa debitur telah mendapatkan kepercayaan untuk mendapatkan kredit dari bankRumusan masalah yang akan penulis paparkan adalah apakah pelaksanaan perjanjian kredit dengan jaminan fidusia sesuai UU Nomor 42 Tahun 1999 mengenai jaminan fidusia dan bagaimanakah faktor yang menjadi hambatan di PT.BPR bank Daerah Gianyar eksekusi bagi nasabah yang wanprestasi pada perjanjian kredit jaminan fidusia. Kesimpulan dari penelitian dalam pelaksanaan tentang perjanjian kredit yang dilanjutkan dengan jaminan fidusia yang tindakan di PT.BPR Bank Daerah Gianyar, dimana dalam hal ini pihak debitur terhadap bank sebelum kredit nasabah yang melakukan wanprestasi antara lain cara dalam melaksanakan pembinaan pada sub bagian remedial untuk kredit macet atau kurang lancar dan diragukan.
PRAKTIK MONOPOLI DAN PERSAINGAN USAHA TIDAK SEHAT PADA PAGUYUBAN TRANSPORTASI TEBONGKANG COMMUNITY (STUDI DI DESA SINGAKERTA UBUD)
Authors: Gofin Sahensa Pradana  , Ni Luh Made Mahendrawati  , Desak Gde Dwi Arini
Published: January 2023

Salah satu contoh munculnya suatu usaha jasa transportasi yang dapat terhubung melalui alat komunikasi yaitu ojek online jenis Go-jek. Karena dianggap dapat mempermudah pencarian dan pemesanan dari jarak jauh maupun jarak dekat, maka masyarakat lebih memilih untuk menggunakan jasa ojek online dari pada menggunakan jasa ojek pangkalan. Di Desa Singakerta Ubud ojek pangkalan membentuk suatu kelompok dalam Paguyuban Transportasi Tebongkang Community. Dengan keadaan tersebut maka dalam keanggota Paguyuban Transportasi Tebongkang Community merasa tersaingi dengan adanya transportasi berbasis online, sehingga Paguyuban Transportasi Tebongkang Community melakukan persaingan usaha dengan melakukan kegiatan praktik monopoli dan persaingan usaha tidak sehat di Desa Singakerta Ubud. Penelitian sebagai penelitian hukum empiris, dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan dn aturan-aturan hukum dalam mengkaji permasalahan yang ada di masyarakat. Data primer dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari Aparat Desa di Desa Singakerta Ubud, Ketua Paguyuban Transportasi Tebongkang Community, Dinas Perhubungan Angkutan Jalan, Go-jek. Data yang diperoleh kemudian diolah dan dianalisis, dan disajikan secara deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini bahwa kegiatan yang dilakukan ojek pangkalan dalam kelompok Paguyuban Transportasi Tebongkang Community, telah memenuhi 75% unsur-unsur kegiatan praktik monopoli yang dilakukan di Desa Singakerta  Ubud. Monopoli hanya dapat terjadi dalam setiap sistem ekonomi. Hasil adanya persaingan tersebut mengakibatkan lahirnya suatu perusahaan yang secara naluriah ingin mengalahkan pesaing pelaku usaha lainnya agar dapat memperoleh hasil. Faktor pendukung dari pelaksanaan praktik monopoli dalam penguasaan pasar yang dilakukan oleh pihak Paguyuban Transportasi Tebongkang Community yaitu diantaranya faktor perekonomian, dalam hasil dan/atau sumber penghasilan kelompok Paguyuban Transportasi Tebongkang Community di Desa Singakerta Ubud keadaan perekonomian.
Competency of Elementary School Teachers 84 Sinjai District in Writing Teaching Materials
Authors: Abd. Rahman Rahim  , Sitti Aida Azis  , St. Suwada Rimang
Published: January 2023

This study aims to describe the influence between knowledge of writing theory and interest in writing on the ability to write teaching materials for teachers at SD Negeri 84 Sinjai Regency. This research is categorized into the type of quantitative infrensial research. The sample of this research is all teachers of SD Negeri No 84, Sinjai Regency for the 2020/2021 academic year, totaling 24 teachers spread from grade I to grade 6. The data in this study was collected through three techniques, namely test techniques, questionnaires, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out using the percentage technique with the formula: n/Nx100 for the range 10-100 and simple and linear/multiple regression test techniques with computer facilities. The results showed that the level of theoretical knowledge of teaching materials has an average value of 66.10, and is in the medium category. Data analysis of the level of interest in writing teaching materials with an average value of 62.30, and is in the medium category. Data analysis of the level of competence in writing Indonesian language teaching materials with an average value of 63.33, or is in the medium category. Hypothesis testing shows that (1) there is a significant effect between the variables of theoretical knowledge of teaching materials on the competence to write Indonesian teaching materials with a large influence 59.70%, (2) there is a significant influence between the variables of interest in writing teaching materials on the competence to write Indonesian teaching materials with a large influence55.29%. (3) there is a joint significant effect of theoretical knowledge of teaching materials and interest in writing teaching materials on the competence to write Indonesian teaching materials with a large effect of 59.66%.
Synchronization between Indonesia and Balinese Village Law (A Community Social Service at Peninjoan Village, Tembuku Districts, Bangli Regency, Bali)
Authors: I Putu Sastra Wibawa  , Ida Bagus Alit Yoga Maheswara  , I Made Dwija Suastana  , Made Gede Artadana  , Komang Indra Apsaridewi
Published: January 2023

In the legal system of the unitary state of the Republic of Indonesia, there is a hierarchy of laws and regulations that must be obeyed by all citizens. Since Indonesia’s independence in 1945, efforts have been made to promulgate various legal regulations down to the lowest level, namely in the villages. It must be admitted, these efforts are still being carried out by the government to this day. Scholars through their tri dharma program, namely community social service, also participate in assisting the government in providing enlightenment in the field of legislation to rural communities. Traditional village governance and traditional villages have existed long before Indonesia’s independence. For this reason, continuous efforts are needed to synchronize the various existing regulatory instruments in order to create harmony in law and government in Indonesia. This is an imperative action taken by the scholars in order to strengthen the participation of the communities in the law enforcements administratevily to achieve the goal of practical sustainable law enforcement. The approach method used in this research is the statute approach, the comparative approach, and the analytical and concept approach. The aims of this research is to synchronize national regulations with regulations at the village level, especially in Peninjoan Village.
Strategy For Strengthening Village Credit Institutions (LPD) in Realizing Community Welfare in Sibetan Village, Bebandem District, Karangasem Regency Post Pandemi
Authors: I Nyoman Sukandia  , Anak Agung Istri Agung
Published: January 2023

The growth and development of the LPD requires Human Resources with sufficient and adequate quality education, and an element of prudence is urgently needed in disbursing credit, because the credit disbursed is derived from public funds collected in the form of Savings and Time Deposits; However, even though the LPD is already in the form of a Business Entity, the responsibility is still the responsibility of the Indigenous Village community as the communal owner of the Business Entity, and does not yet have a mechanism to provide special guarantees for owners of capital/money from the community as owners of deposits in all LPDs. LPDs in Bali, as is the case with LPDs which require material guarantees to be specifically guaranteed as a form of prudence. So when faced with certain situations such as the Covid 19 pandemic; then it is not impossible for the LPD to experience liquidity problems because many loans disbursed are not smooth and even jammed, and on the other hand, the community draws a lot of Savings and Deposits for their living needs, both those that have not been and those that are due. In addition, the lack of prudence and lack of understanding of good governance have an impact on very serious problems such as losses and even bankruptcy. This study empirically examines the developments and problems of Village Credit Institutions (LPD) as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic, and takes visionary steps or strategies to strengthen the management of Village Credit Institutions (LPDs) that are resilient in realizing community welfare in Sabetan Village, Bebandem District. , Karangasem Regency Post Pandemic.
Cyber Crimes in Banking Sector in India: A Critical Analysis
Authors: Majhi Dr. Raju
Published: January 2023

As we are well aware that the Indian Banking industry is old and it is very fact that that any changes are brought in this industry since liberalization only. The Indian banking system is well regulated and supervised, it involves moral practice, financial distress and company governance. It is regulated and well supervised by the Central Bank of the country i.e., Reserve Bank of India. It is undeniable fact that with the advancements in technology, the Indian Banking Sector has been at par with the emerging trends and significant changes required in its operations. The rapid growth in technology has given the banking sectors an immense opportunity and as a result, banks are now among the biggest beneficiaries of the Information Technology Revolution. The proliferation in online transactions mounting on technologies like NEFT (National Electronic Fund Transfer). RTGS (Real-Time Gross Settlement), ECS (Electronic Clearing Service) and mobile transactions is a glimpse of the deep-rooted technology in banking and financial matters. The Reserve Bank of India is peeping into the legal compliance of online banking to guarantee monetary dependability. On the other hand, security threats play a predominant role in the Internet banking. As technology develops, the cybercrimes endanger in the virtual world, people and organizations become the prey at an alarming rate as solely depending on web. Usage of internet and other technologies have enhanced the risk of attacks from cyber criminals across the globe and the banking transactions is also adversely affected. With the sharp rise of cybercrimes, banking sector is the hub in the occurrences of theft, phishing, PC infections, hacking and so on. With these backgrounds this paper aims to examine the technical aspects of various types cyber crimes concerning the banking sectors in India and it also provides certain valuable suggestions to curb down the cyber crimes in banking sectors in India.
Artificial Intelligence in Administration of Justice in India: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Ghanghash Mr. Sanjeev
Published: January 2023

In the era of advancing technological inventions and developments artificial intelligence so far has paved its way or marked its presence in a very cognizant manner. In India, where upon approximately 20000 judges handling over 30 million cases is hindering the speedy process of administration of Justice. It leads to denial of Justice to poor and under trial prisoners. With the manifestation of artificial intelligence in the workspace of judicial administration, it would let the cat out of the bag and would make the judicial system even more smooth and efficient fetching less of the burden to the officials. Artificial Intelligence Judicial system is more efficient, cost-effective and objective, moreover the role of judicial artificial intelligence might play a significant role in dealing with cases and transactional work. But Artificial Intelligence has its own limits too, as it is just a machine, and we cannot completely rely on it. As Human intelligence has more ability to think out of box with their knowledge structure, application of mind and potential ability as compared to artificial intelligence which relies on the factual data, artifacts and algorithm. Bringing this technological change into limelight might serve as an impediment to the thinking ability of an individual as it would enhance more reliability over machines then our own psychological thinking skills. But, with both its pros and cons in consideration Artificial intelligence can serves as assistance in speeding up the judicial processes, maximising case handling efficiency and promoting Justice.
Privacy and Data Protection in Social Media and Liabilities of Intermediarie
Authors: Singh Prasun , Gautam Dr. Ritu
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this research paper is to deal with the liabilities of social-media intermediaries in privacy and data protection in cyberspace. In recent times, we have seen the huge role of intermediaries in securing data or disclosing it publicly, as we saw in April 2021, 533 million Facebook user credentials were gathered using a combination of old and modern scraping techniques before being distributed to a hacker forum with a contribution request by Tom Liner, a hacker. Since there is no adequate law related to data privacy in India, it is incredibly difficult to ensure the protection of privacy rights in India. In this research paper, the author has applied doctrinal or library-based research. All the data collected in this research will be applied from secondary data like textbooks, legal articles, law journals, laws, statutes, international treaties, legal publications, and e-resources. With this research, we will learn about the loopholes and lack of proper laws related to data protection and privacy in our legal system. We will discuss different data protection laws around the world and the liabilities of intermediaries in countries like the U.S., the U.K., France, and Germany. To address serious cyber threats in India, we refer to the Information Technology Act of India, which was enacted to facilitate e-commerce and hence did not prioritize privacy. In conclusion, the need for proper data protection will be discussed, and the loophole in the current legal system related to data protection in India will be analyzed. The author will also shed some light on the roles of intermediaries for data protection and what the liabilities of intermediaries are in different countries, including India.
The Nuanced Forms of Sexual Violence in the Online Environment
Authors: Bedi Sanjum
Published: January 2023

With trending globalization, massive challenges are being faced by International and National Criminal Law.[1] It is not always the facilitated acts of gender violence but even the threats of such acts which result in psychological, physical, and sexual harm to the women, children, and their dignity. There is no universally applicable criminal law regime regulating online violence against women. An increase in online sexual offenses grows an appetite for addressing online content through legal regulation.[2] The national legislative developments are not potentially designed to address the typical digital sexual crimes and fallacies. Therefore, it is reflected that there is very little shift in attitudes towards legal regulation of digital platforms which have become the biggest resource of sexual offenses against women and children.[3] The regulation of the online content becomes tough mainly due to the shield provisions maintained to ensure that platform operators are not responsible for the content that is posted and shared on their platforms. The magnitude of various forms of online sexual ferocity is mostly paired with the facelessness of the perpetrators. This is the reason for the lack of appropriate and effective reporting mechanisms which poses a barricade to the effective processing of such cases.[4] The existing criminal law provisions incline towards focussing on concepts such as ‘Proximity’ or ‘Hearing’ which prove redundant in the context of acts taking place in the online sphere, mainly on social media. Image-based sexual abuse and voyeurism, have been the subject of speedy law reform in many countries across the world but there are significant deficiencies in the way that criminal law conceptualizes the digital form of sexual violence.[5]