bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Autorias indígenas: aportações para fazer valer o ensino da temática indígena nas escolas
Authors: Ribeiro Ademario Souza , Cloux Raphael Fontes
Published: February 2020

Este artigo se propõe a apresentar em linhas gerais o que foi proposto durante dois eventos realizados pelo ODEERE – Órgão de Educação e Relações Étnicas da Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Campus de Jequié, no Estado da Bahia, em novembro de 2018 e em novembro de 2019, quando ministramos palestras, minicursos, oficinas e participamos de mesas redondas – tendo como princípios teóricos, discutir e refletir acerca do ensino da temática indígena nas escolas da Educação Básica do Brasil e apresentar as autorias indígenas enquanto aportações contributivas para a aplicabilidade da Lei 11,645/08 a qual torna obrigatório o ensino em consideração.

Palavras-chave: Ensino da Temática Indígena; Autorias Indígenas; Perspectivas; Abordagens.
A continuação dos estudos sobre as escritas do memoriando: Atos de curriculo e preconceitos revelados
Authors: Marques Zoraya Maria De Oliveira
Published: February 2020

Este é o segundo texto produzido pela investigação de inspiração etnográfica ‘Eu, Pedagoga’ e busca revisar e dar seguimento a sistematização dos estudos e análises advindas da sua primeira etapa, apresentada no relato de experiências com o título “Questões étnico raciais no ato de currículo Memoriando: identidade(s) em conflito ou o silenciamento de si?”. O conjunto de argumentos e posições aqui pontuadas, resultaram, por sua vez, do esforço de compreensão de 06 entrevistas tópicas que selecionamos de forma criteriosa junto aos estagiários da disciplina Pesquisa e Estágio em Espaços Não Escolares do Curso de Pedagogia, que relutaram, mas que terminaram se envolvendo com o desafio de colaborar com esta investigação.

Palavras-chave: Memoriando. Ato de Currículo. Questões Étnico Raciais.
Extensão universitária é ato de aquilombar-se na contemporaneidade
Authors: Dócio Ariadini De Almeida , Perovano Filho Natalino
Published: February 2020

A experiência aqui abordada será a vivencia na Extensão Universitária no Curso de Educação Quilombola, do ODEERE-Órgão de Educação e Relações Étnicas, da Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia-UESB, o qual está vinculado à área de conhecimento das Ciências Sociais e Humanidades, sendo constituído em três fazes dosais: formação teórica, a pesquisa e a imersão na realidade de campo, de forma interventiva, sendo que universo deste relato de experiencias se dá a partir da visita de campo no Recôncavo Baiano, Zona Metropolitana de Salvador e em Salvador, esse roteiro objetiva apresentar aos alunos da extensão os locais onde foi processada parte da história do Brasil e como nessas localidades ainda prosperam a cultura e os dilemas vivenciados pelas Populações Afro-Brasileiras. Nesse caso, o trabalho traz, também, a visita realizada ao Quilombo Pitanga dos Palmares devido seus elementos viabilizarem os assuntos da disciplina em questão. Enquanto Assistente Social, o que me motivou a ser cursista do curso de extensão do ODEERE foi a necessidade de buscar respostas para a atuação profissional, em específico, a identificação geográfica, em um determinado município no Sudoeste Baiano, dos Povos e Comunidades Tradicionais visando garantir os seus Direitos Sociais. Ao final concluímos que estar na Extensão Universitária é ato de aquilombar-se na contemporaneidade.
Palavras-chave: formação, quilombo, resistência, aquilombamento.
Fraudes à relação de emprego: uma análise à luz da lei nº 13.467/2017 (reforma trabalhista)
Authors: Carvalho Fábio Damascena de
Published: February 2020

Este trabalho aborda as fraudes à relação de emprego à luz da Lei nº 13.467/2017 (intitulada como reforma trabalhista), verificando de que maneira essa referida norma abriu margem e ampliou a prática de alguns tipos de fraudes empregatícias. Para tanto, utilizou-se o método hipotético dedutivo, mediante a leitura de vários autores do ramo trabalhista, bem como de artigos e revistas envolvendo a matéria. Ademais, também foi realizada uma pesquisa empírica através do levantamento de dados do órgão do Ministério Público do Trabalho de Vitória da Conquista/BA, com o objetivo de verificar a realidade dessas fraudes na região do Município de Vitória da Conquista.
DIAGNÓSTICO DA VEGETAÇÃO DAS VIAS URBANAS DO MUNICÍPIO DE SULINA, PARANÁ
Authors: Holdefer Edileila , Pellizzaro Luciana
Published: February 2020

A arborização urbana pode influenciar diretamente a qualidade de vida da população, oferecendo a ela vantagens ecológicas, estéticas e sociais. Porém, a falta de adequação entre o planejamento urbano e a arborização pode gerar danos, afetando diretamente a população. O objetivo deste estudo foi levantar as espécies vegetais das vias urbanas do município de Sulina, Paraná e apontar aquelas que precisavam ser suprimidas ou substituídas por apresentarem inadequações. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de um inventário de censo 100%, ou seja, abrangeu todos os indivíduos arbustivos e arbóreos presentes no local da pesquisa. As espécies foram identificadas e caracterizadas pela avaliação da sua origem, fitossanidade, injúria, inclinação do tronco, porte, altura, interação ecológica e conflito com a rede elétrica. Para apontar as espécies inadequadas, foi demarcada sua localização por GPS e criado um mapa. Foram encontradas 1120 árvores, representadas por nove gêneros, 32 famílias em 77 espécies. Quanto à origem, 79,26% das árvores eram exóticas e 20,74% nativas. Quanto às árvores que necessitam de intervenção futura, 27,30% precisam de substituição, por apresentarem características como: falta de fitossanidade; velhas; herbáceas e/ou arbustivas; presença de espinhos ou acículas; porte inadequado; afloramento de raiz causando danos; proibição pela Portaria do IAP nº 059. Além disso, 13,10% necessitam de supressão pelo fato de estarem plantadas em locais impróprios ou impossibilitando a passagem de pedestres. Esses resultados poderão auxiliar em partes a construção do Plano de Arborização Urbana de Sulina de modo que futuramente a arborização desempenhe plenamente seu papel.
AS PRINCIPAIS FORTALEZAS E FRAGILIDADES NA CULTURA DE SEGURANÇA DO PACIENTE: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Malagueta Ágatha Lia Oliveira , Silva Sandra Estela Fernandes da , Figueira Clécia Da Silva Abreu
Published: February 2020

A Segurança do Paciente consiste na redução do dano desnecessário na assistência a um nível aceitável. Por esse motivo, entender a relação entre os riscos de danos, elementos influenciadores no cuidado à saúde e a contribuição da rede hospitalar pode proporcionar a equipe melhorias na assistência prestada. Sendo assim, é de suma importância o conhecimento de como são percebidos e avaliados pelos profissionais envolvidos na assistência. Apontar quais as principais fragilidades e fortalezas encontradas nas redes hospitalares. Revisão integrativa qualitativa, com buscas realizadas pelas bases de dados SciELO, Pubmed e BVS, contendo apenas pesquisas de campo, publicados no período de 2014-2019, realizadas em redes hospitalares e que utilizassem como o instrumento de coleta o Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture na íntegra. Para fins de tabulação, os dados foram extraídos e expostos em tabela. As dimensões encontradas foram classificadas por força, observando sua frequência de respostas positivas e negativas similares através da utilização da Moda (Mo). As principais dimensões fortalecidas encontradas foram Suporte da gestão para a segurança do paciente (90%) e Trabalho em equipe dentro das unidades (79%). Em contrapartida, as fragilidades foram Suporte da gestão para a segurança do paciente (15%) e Respostas não punitivas aos erros (25%). Esta revisão de literatura possibilitou observar o cenário atual, mostrando que a Cultura de Segurança do Paciente se encontra extremamente fragilizada. E o tema ganha cada vez mais espaço no universo das pesquisas.
IMPORTANCIA DO PRE NATAL NA OPINIÃO DAS USUÁRIAS DE UMA UNIDADE BASICA DE SAÚDE DA FAMILIA EM PORTO VELHO, RONDÔNIA
Authors: Silva Anitha De Cássia Ribeiro da , Oliveira Danielly Castro de Bezerra , Ferrari Denise Pereira , Ferrari José Odair , Branco Junior Arlindo Gonzaga
Published: February 2020

O presente trabalho pretende estudar o nível de conhecimento das pacientes atendidas na Unidade Básica de Saúde Oswaldo Piana sobre o pré-natal de baixo risco. Metodologia: Estudo exploratório, transversal, descritivo de abordagem quantitativa. Foi aplicado um questionário após a assinatura do termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido que avaliou o perfil socioeconômico, nível de conhecimento e a qualidade das relações entre profissionais e pacientes. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 56 mulheres gestantes, entretanto, apenas 52 se enquadravam nos critérios estabelecidos. A partir das análises foi observado que 98% das mulheres fazem o acompanhamento integral na UBS, além de significativos resultados que denotam para o bom desenvolvimento do pré-natal e grau de instrução das pacientes. Conclusão: Com o levantamento de dados foi possível avaliar o bom desempenho das orientações e manejo feito pelos profissionais de saúde na realização do pré-natal de baixo risco, bem como o significativo conhecimento acerca do processo pelas gestantes.
The Relative Role of Firm Incentives, Auditor Specialization, and Country Factors as Antecedents of Nonfinancial Audit Quality
Authors: Dalla Via Nicola , Perego Paolo
Published: February 2020

This paper examines the antecedents of nonfinancial audit quality in the novel setting of sustainability assurance (SA). We proxy SA quality by a content analysis of 1,248 publicly available SA statements issued by a panel of G500 firms in the period 2005–2013. Our findings indicate that a higher emphasis on stakeholder engagement and executive compensation schemes linked to sustainability targets are significant internal client incentives for enhanced levels of SA quality. Our study also confirms the importance of supply-side factors, such as auditor competence and auditor specialization, in explaining the heterogeneity of (nonfinancial) audit quality. SA quality appears to be further strengthened if a country's institutional environment privileges the enforcement of a legal infrastructure aimed at the protection of social and environmental dimensions of corporate practices. Our results suggest the complement view of governance mechanisms proposed by Doidge, Karolyi, and Stulz (2007) applies in this emergent nonfinancial auditing market.
Identifying Different Types of Tax Avoidance: Implications for Empirical Research
Authors: Guenther David A. , Krull Linda K. , Williams Brian M.
Published: February 2020

We provide a theoretical framework to identify when measures of tax avoidance reflect tax avoidance related to, and unrelated to, earnings management. The influence of earnings management on measures of tax avoidance occurs because pretax financial accounting income is used as a benchmark against which tax payments are measured. A firm that manages earnings upward without paying additional tax on the managed earnings can be considered to have avoided tax. We demonstrate that a measure of tax avoidance that has been used in prior research—the ratio of cash taxes paid to pretax operating cash flows—captures tax avoidance that is unrelated to earnings management. Use of this alternate measure in empirical studies can avoid attributing earnings management results to tax avoidance.

JEL Classifications: M41; H25; G12.
Diagnosis and Management of Diabetic Foot Infections
Authors: Boulton Andrew , Armstrong David , Hardman Matthew , Malone Matthew , Embil John , Attinger Christopher , Lipsky Benjamin , Aragon-Sanchez Javier , Kwong Ho , Schultz Gregory , Kirsner Robert
Published: February 2020

The first sections herein cover the impact of infection on healing of experimental wounds (p. 2), the importance of biofilms (p. 4), and a general overview of the microbiology of DFIs (p. 6). Although debridement of DFUs was covered in the first compendium, we deemed it important enough to include here as well, given its pivotal role in the management of DFIs. Subsequent sections cover the management of infected DFUs (p. 9) and discussions of antibiotics versus surgery for osteomyelitis (p. 12) and the OVIVA trial (p. 13). There is little doubt that the OVIVA trial will challenge the current management of osteomyelitis, in which IV antibiotics are still commonly used. The remaining sections cover potential topical treatments for DFIs (p. 15) and the role of modern technology in infection control (p. 17).
Dirección estratégica a través del emprendimiento y modelos de negocio
Authors: Velasco Rodríguez Gabriela
Published: February 2020

Este trabajo plantea una revisión bibliográfica sobre las escuelas de dirección estratégica, así como las perspectivas del emprendimiento y las propuestas de modelos de negocio que emergen en un contexto de cambios tecnológicos y de mercado. Esto con la meta de diferenciar los elementos de la dirección estratégica mediante las perspectivas que describen al emprendimiento y las características de los modelos de negocio. El método comprende una investigación básica que determina un marco teórico para alcanzar el objetivo propuesto.

Como parte de las conclusiones se menciona que las estrategias son las causas de la relación entre el emprendimiento y la innovación de los modelos de negocio, ya que la etapa de gestación del emprendimiento permite vislumbrar el tipo de modelo de negocio que se pretende establecer con base en la naturaleza de las tendencias de dirección estratégica, la cual, a su vez, ofrece un marco de referencia clave para comprender la evolución del pensamiento estratégico.
Síndrome de burnout en estudiantes de nivel superior. Análisis comparativo entre estudiantes agrupados por programa educativo dentro del Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Ciudad Constitución
Authors: Aguilar Carrasco José Ignacio , Arvizu Acosta Roberto , Flores Ramírez Ángel Evaristo
Published: February 2020

En esta investigación se indagó sobre la presencia del síndrome de burnout y el nivel de este entre estudiantes inscritos en diferentes programas educativos en una institución de educación superior en México. Para ello, se aplicó un cuestionario basado en el School-Burnout Inventory (SBI) a 871 universitarios del Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Ciudad Constitución, quienes fueron agrupados por carrera. Posteriormente se analizaron las respuestas y se calcularon puntuaciones medias obtenidas por programa educativo. Los resultados fueron los siguientes: Arquitectura = 30.7394; ingeniería Industrial = 30.3482; ingeniería en Industrias Alimentarias = 29.992; licenciatura en Administración = 27.7575; ingeniería en Electromecánica = 27.5561; ingeniería en Sistemas Computacionales = 27.3284: Gastronomía = 27.1443, e ingeniería en Gestión Empresarial = 25.8775. A partir de lo anterior se logró identificar que las puntuaciones más altas se obtuvieron en programas relacionados con el estudio de las ciencias de la ingeniería, aunque no corresponden en su totalidad a estas, ya que en la licenciatura en Administración la puntuación media obtenida se encuentra por encima de algunas ingenierías. Además, se analizó el nivel de este padecimiento entre los estudiantes matriculados exclusivamente en el programa de Arquitectura para identificar si la puntuación media aumenta conforme al grado de estudio, es decir, si el crecimiento se da uniformemente de primer hasta séptimo semestre. Los resultados indican que existe un crecimiento no uniforme, por lo tanto, no se puede reconocer que el síndrome de burnout estudiantil aumenta conforme el semestre de estudio.
Editorial
Authors: Redaksi Dewan
Published: February 2020

Pada Volume 1 Nomor 4, Padjir mempersembahkan beberapa artikel yang mengupas masalah power, kebijakan luar negeri, kerjasama pertahanan, faktor identitas, siber diplomasi, dan rezim internasional mengenai kontrol persenjataan.
Los procesos de integración iberoamericanos desde la perspectiva de España en el marco de la Unión Europea (UE): los casos del SICA y MERCOSUR
Authors: de la Guardia Ricardo Martín , Pérez Sánchez Guillermo Á.
Published: February 2020

Con este trabajo pretendemos acercarnos a los procesos de integración iberoamericanos en marcha desde la perspectiva de España en el marco de la Unión Europea (UE) con especial atención a los casos del Mercado Común del Sur (MERCOSUR) y del Sistema de Integración Centroamericano (SICA). Desde su ingreso en las Comunidades Europeas, España no dejó de tender puentes entre ambos hemisferios para establecer unos Acuerdos de Asociación (AdA) necesarios entre la UE y los diversos sistemas de integración iberoamericanos, proceso que finalmente fructificó con el SICA y el MERCOSUR.
Integración iberoamericana y derechos humanos: desarrollo de su marco histórico
Authors: Martínez de Salinas Alonso María Luisa
Published: February 2020

Partiendo de la creciente importancia que han ido adquiriendo a lo largo del tiempo todas las cuestiones vinculadas con la defensa de los derechos humanos en las relaciones internacionales y en los vínculos económicos que se entablan entre las naciones iberoamericanas, el presente trabajo trata de analizar cómo la protección de los derechos humanos se ha ido incluyendo en los acuerdos de integración conformados desde los años centrales del siglo XX. Los cambios que se han producido en este sentido resultan evidentes y, en la actualidad, ningún proyecto de integración iberoamericano persigue metas puramente económicas sino que todos ellos tratan de recoger la preocupación por la dimensión humana del proceso a través de catálogos y cláusulas específicas que se han incorporado en diferentes momentos históricos.
Lecturas
Authors: Lecturas Lecturas
Published: February 2020

Claves de la justicia desde América Latina - Mayra A. Scaramutti

Power and Principle: The Politics of International Criminal Courts - Tomás Willemoës

The Third Revolution: Xi Jinping and the New Chinese State - Verónica Florencia Campos

Diplomacia Contemporánea. Teoría y práctica para el ejercicio profesional - Lucía Hipatía Parodi
Professional and educational strategies of modern applicants
Authors: Vasenina I. V. , Lipatova M. E. , Sushko V. A.
Published: February 2020

The article deals with approaches to the understanding of the profession and professional choice in domestic and foreign scientific thought. The key issues of the study of vocational guidance and professional choice are presented in the historical perspective. The interrelation of choosing future life path, professional future and that educational institution, which in the future will allow youth not only to get a profession, but also serves as a launching pad for future career, is considered particularly acute by the end of school before each graduate. Today, the choice of the educational institution by the applicants remains a significant problem for them and in this regard the researchers face the task of characterizing the educational behavior of modern high school students, future applicants.

To answer these questions, the staff of Faculty of sociology of the Lomonosov Moscow State University was conducted among senior pupil of Moscow schools. The article presents the results of studies of different years of satisfaction with the level of received education, the motives for choosing the future education of senior pupils, and value orientations of youth. The main factors influencing the choice of the desired level of education and educational institution, as well as the basic model-goals of education used by youth in choosing their life path, were highlighted. The significance of higher education for future applicants and a steady increase in the trend of the spread of consumer behavior of youth, orientation in their life strategies towards success and high material wealth, a certain social status, are confirmed on the basis of the obtained data.
The role of mass media in political socialization of modern Russian youth
Authors: Samsonova T. N. , Naumova E. S.
Published: February 2020

The article analyzes the role of mass media in the process of political socialization of the Russian youth in the context of deep socioeconomic and political transformations.

Especially significant for the development of political views is the period from 15 to 25 years. Young Russian citizens are just at the stage in the process of developing political habits and are easily influenced by different factors. Much of political information comes from the media, both traditional: newspapers, magazines, radio, television, and innovative — through the Internet. Television helps to shape public opinion by providing political news and their assessment, touching upon important problems, existing in the political sphere. The growth of the Internet is especially significant. News aggregators and online bloggers present a broad range of opinions on political events. The importance of an adequate assessment of the role of the traditional and innovative media in the political socialization of young people, in shaping the political subjectivity of young Russian citizens is obvious.
Application by the Siberian Police of Administrative Law during the Period of Grain Procurement Campaigns 1928–1929
Authors: Isaev V. I. , Mikheev D. Yu.
Published: February 2020

The article discusses the use by police authorities of administrative law as one of the mechanisms for fulfilling the grain procurement plan carried out in the Siberian Territory during the period 1928–1929. Shown are the forms of administrative influence of police on peasants in order to force them to fulfill obligations on the supply of bread to the state.
Single-Site Binding of Pyrene to Poly(ester-Imide)s Incorporating Long Spacerunits: Prediction of NMR Resonance-Patterns from a Fractal Model
Authors: Knappert Marcus , Jin Tianqi , Midgley Scott D. , Wu Guanglu , Scherman Oren , Grau-crespo Ricardo , Colquhoun Howard
Published: February 2020

Co-polycondensation of the diimide-based diols N,N'-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)hexafluoro-isopropylidene-diphthalimide, (HFDI), and N,N'-bis(2-hydroxy-ethyl)naphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic-diimide, (NDI), with aliphatic diacyl chlorides ClOC(CH2)xCOCl (x = 5 to 8) affords linear copoly(ester-imide)s. Such copolymers interact with pyrene via supramolecular binding of the polycyclic aromatic molecule at NDI residues. This results in upfield complexation shifts and sequence-related splittings of the NDI 1H NMR resonances, but gives a very different resonance-pattern from the corresponding copolymer where x = 2. Computational modelling of the polymer with x = 5 suggests that, in this system, each pyrene molecule binds to just a single NDI residue rather than to an adjacent pair of NDI's in a tight chain-fold ("dual-site" binding) as found for x = 2. The new single-site binding model enables the pattern of 1H NMR resonances for copolymers with longer spacers (x = 5 to 8) to be reproduced and assigned by simulation from sequence-specific shielding factors based on the fractal known as the fourth-quarter Cantor set. As this set also enables an understanding of dual-site binding systems, it evidently provides a general numerical framework for supramolecular sequence-analysis in binary copolymers.
Coupling Droplet Microfluidics with Mass Spectrometry for Ultrahigh-Throughput Analysis up to and Above 30Hz.
Authors: Kempa Emily , Smith Clive , Li Xin , bellina bruno , Richardson Keith , Pringle Steven , Barran Perdita
Published: February 2020

Here we use microdroplet generation microfluidics to supply picolitre aliquots of analyte for mass spectrometry analysis at rates up to and including 33 Hz. This is demonstrated for peptides and proteins on three commercially available mass spectrometers from salty solutions. Designs for chip-based interfaces that permit this coupling are presented and the merits and challenges of these interfaces are discussed. On an Orbitrap platform droplet infusion rates of 6 Hz are used for the analysis of cytochrome c, on a DTIMS Q-TOF similar rates were obtained and on a TWIMS Q-TOF utilizing IM-MS software rates up to 33 Hz are demonstrated for both peptides and proteins at concentrations down to 400 pg per aliquot.
CONJUNTURA DA APROVAÇÃO DA LEI 13.467/2017 – A REFORMA TRABALHISTA NO BRASIL
Authors: Scheifer Camila Escorsin , Mandalozzo Silvana Souza Netto
Published: February 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma breve análise da conjuntura política e econômica na qual se efetivou a aprovação da Lei 13.467/2017, que promoveu a reforma trabalhista no Brasil. Analisando alguns aspectos anteriores, fatores exógenos e os principais atores envolvidos, pretende-se demonstrar a correlação de forças existentes em tal acontecimento. Muito se discutiu, à época, sobre a real necessidade da reforma, considerando o cenário de crise política e econômica que o país enfrentava desde o ano de 2014. Frente aos dados apresentados, almeja levantar questionamentos sobre a polêmica medida, porém sem pretensão de esgotar o tema em razão de sua complexidade e amplitude. Para atingir o objetivo pretendido, realizou-se uma pesquisa de natureza exploratória, utilizando o procedimento metodológico da análise de conjuntura, a pesquisa documental e bibliográfica e, para a análise dos dados, o método indutivo.
FLUXOS MIGRATÓRIOS EM TEMPOS DE DEMOCRACIA AGONÍSTICA E A URGÊNCIA POR UMA CIDADANIA DIASPÓRICA
Authors: Cintra de Oliveira Tavares Natalia , Oliveira Batista Berner Vanessa
Published: February 2020

Partindo da concepção de democracia agonística, proposta por Chantal Mouffe, este artigo pretende correlacionar os conceitos de democracia e cidadania, na perspectiva dialética balibariana, a fim de pensar como os fluxos migratórios contemporâneos podem ser pensados não só como movimentos sociais, como entende Sandro Mezzadra, mas também como movimentos insurrecionais, na concepção de Balibar. Partido de tais perspectivas, as migrações poderiam ser pensadas, portanto, enquanto um fenômeno de grande potencial democratizante das sociedades atuais, capazes de tensionar as concepções hodiernas de cidadania e Estado nacional, os quais são incapazes de incorporar as existências migrantes. A fim de pensar em um tipo de existência cidadã capaz de questionar as fronteiras internas e externas dos Estados nacionais, este trabalho conclui que as migrações invocam um tipo de cidadania que se irá denominar diaspórica, pensada principalmente por Michel Laguerre, um tipo de cidadania transnacional, capaz de movimentar a democracia e transformar as bases nas quais a soberania e o Estado nação se encontram fortalecidos.
Pembangkitan Pulsa Orde Nanodetik Berbasis Mikrokontroler Untuk Eksitasi Transduser Ultrasonik
Authors: MUQAFFI FAATIH RIFQI , WIBAWA BAMBANG MUKTI , HIDAYAT DARMAWAN
Published: February 2020

ABSTRAK

Makalah ini melaporkan suatu teknik pembangkitan pulsa lebar orde nanodetik (ns) repetitif yang terprogram berbasis mikrokontroler untuk keperluan eksitasi transduser ultrasonik. Pembangkitan pulsa dan pengaturan jarak antar pulsa dilakukan melalui operasi timer mikrokontroler. Sebuah monostable multivibrator mengubah lebar pulsa dari mikrokontroler dalam orde nanodetik melalui pengaturan komponen pewaktuan resistor-kapasitor (RC) dengan cara pengaturan nilai R yang dibuat dari sebuah potensiometer digital. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa mikrokontroler membangkitkan pulsa repetitif dengan interval terprogram dalam orde 1 detik dan lebar pulsa minimum 1,25 ms. monostable multivibrator dapat mengubah lebar pulsa tersebut menjadi sekitar 140 ns. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa sistem berfungsi sesuai rancangan, sistem dapat membangkitkan pulsa repetitif dengan lebar pulsa hingga 140 ns dengan parameter interval dan lebar yang dapat diprogram.

Kata kunci: generator pulsa, lebar pulsa singkat, mikrokontroler, monostable multivibrator, eksitasi transduser ultrasonik

ABSTRACT

This paper reports a repetitive, programmable, microcontroller-based pulse width generation technique for the purpose of ultrasonic transducer excitation. Pulse generation and distance adjustment between pulses is done through the microcontroller timer. A monostable multivibrator changes the pulse width of the microcontroller in the order of nanoseconds by adjusting the resistor-capacitor time constant which are done by adjusting the R value made from a digital potentiometer. The test results show that the microcontroller generates repetitive pulses with programmed intervals in order of 1 second and pulse width of 1.25 ms. A monostable multivibrator converts the pulse width to ca. 140 ns. Based on the test results, it can be concluded that the system functions according to the design as the system can generate repetitive pulses with pulse widths up to 140 nanoseconds with programmable interval and width parameters.

Keywords: pulse generator, short-width pulse, microcontroller, monostable multivibrator, ultrasonic transducer excitation
CRC 8-bit Encoder-Decoder Component in FPGA using VHDL
Authors: SALEH ANDHI RACHMAN , SUDIRO SUNNY ARIEF
Published: February 2020

AbstrakCyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) adalah salah satu jenis dari deteksi kesalahan yang digunakan pada pengiriman data. CRC umumnya digunakan di jaringan digital dan perangkat penyimpanan untuk mendeteksi perubahan tidak disengaja pada data asli. CRC memiliki keandalan yang tinggi dalam pengiriman data karena CRC menggunakan algoritma berdasarkan cyclic code. Pada artikel ini generator polinomial yang digunakan dalam encoder dan decoder adalah CCITT  dan dengan lebar bit data 8 bit. CRC-8-CCITT biasanya digunakan pada Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) headers, Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) HEC, dll. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan perancangan dan diterapkan dengan menggunakan VHDL. Software pendukung yang digunakan untuk mengimplementasikan VHDL adalah Xilinx ISE 8.1i.Kata kunci: Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC), VHDL Language, Xilinx ISE 8.1iAbstractCyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) is one type of error detection used in data transmission. CRC commonly used in digital networks and storage devices to detect accidental changes to raw data. CRC has high reliability in data transmission because uses algorithms based on cyclic codes. In this article the polynomial generator used in the encoder and decoder is the CCITT  and with a width of 8 bits data bits.CRC-8-CCITT usually used at Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) headers, Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) HEC, etc. This article presents design and implementation of a component using VHDL. The supporting software used to implement VHDL is Xilinx ISE 8.1i.Keywords: Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC), VHDL Language, Xilinx ISE 8.1i
Optimization of Excitation Magnitudes and Phases for Maximum Efficiencies in a MISO Wireless Power Transfer System
Authors: Lee Hyeongwook , Boo Seunghyun , Kim Gunyoung , Lee Bomson
Published: February 2020

This paper presents a method for solving receiver misalignment (axial or angular) problems in wireless power transfer systems using a multiple-input single-output system. The optimum magnitudes and phases of the transmitter voltages and receiver load for maximum efficiency are derived in convenient analytical forms when negligible mutual couplings between transmitters. These solutions are validated by genetic algorithm optimization and electromagnetic-simulation results for a design ex-ample of two transmitters and one rotating receiver.
Reconfigurable Negative Group Delay Circuit with a Low Insertion Loss Using a Coupled Line
Authors: Chaudhary Girdhari , Jeong Yongchae
Published: February 2020

This paper presents a design of a transmissive-type, low insertion loss (IL) negative group delay (NGD) circuit with a reconfigurable NGD. The proposed circuit consists of a series transmission lines (TLs) and shunt short-circuited coupled lines where an isolation port is terminated with a parasitic compensated PIN diode. Analytical design equations are derived to obtain the circuit parameters for the predefined NGD and IL. The low IL can be achieved because of the very high characteristic impedance of the short-circuited coupled lines. The TL terminated with a PIN diode is used to achieve the constant center frequency of reconfigurable NGD circuit. For experimental validation, the NGD circuit is designed and fabricated at a center frequency (f0) of 2.14 GHz. In the measurement, the NGD varies from -0.5 ns to -2 ns with an IL variation of 2.08 to 3.60 dB at f0 = 2.14 GHz. The NGD bandwidth (bandwidth of GD less than 0 ns) varies from 90 MHz to 50 MHz. The minimum input/output return losses are higher than 10 dB for the overall tuning range.
The Role and Effectiveness of Coaching in Increasing Self-Efficacy and Employability Efforts of Higher Education Students
Authors: Molyn Joanna
Published: February 2020

In this quasi-experimental longitudinal mixed-methods study we examined the link between coaching, self-efficacy and the employability efforts of students from a widening participation university (a university which aims to offer education to students regardless of their socioeconomic status, income, age, disability or ethnicity) in the United Kingdom. We investigated effectiveness of coaching used as an employability-enhancing tool.

We also examined what aspects of coaching relationship are most effective in changing students’ career self-efficacy beliefs, outcome expectations and employability efforts.The study also explored the impact of gender, ethnicity, perceived social support, socioeconomic status, cultural influences and gender role models on students’ self- efficacy beliefs, outcome expectations and their employability efforts.

We analyzed the above factors in the context of the changing role of Higher Education. Our study explored a need for the widening participation universities in the United Kingdom to address the issues of gender, ethnicity, perceived social support, socioeconomic status, cultural influences and gender role models in their employability strategy.

We used Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) as the main theoretical framework as SCCT recognizes the links between psychological and social effects of gender and ethnicity, the social-cultural environment and career opportunity structures. We positioned coaching as a learning experience within the SCCT framework.
Activity-Based Gamified e-Learning for IoT and Energy Efficiency: Academic Education, Workforce Development, and Public Literacy
Authors: Cherner Yakov , Mullett Gary , Uhomoibhi James , Darkwa Osei , Cherner Tatyana
Published: February 2020

This paper presents the activity-based reconfigurable learning and training environment build around a “Virtual Energy Efficient House” (v-EEHouse). It provides an interactive context for cross-disciplinary learning and teaching a wide spectrum of STEM topics related to solar energy, energy efficiency, and Internet of Things (IoT) technology. The target audience includes K-12 and higher education students and faculty, and general public. It can also be employed for the professional training of employees of utility industry and IoT service providers.

v-EEHouse enables users to explore energy consumption by major home systems and appliances, get familiar with the IoT technology and the domestic use of renewable energy sources, and adapt an energy-responsible behavior. The v-EEHouse and its individual components can be integrated with online courses including these delivered via the MOOC platforms including edX.

Application of the environment in different countries (USA, UK, Ghana, and Tanzania), at diverse educational levels and in various settings, as well as students and instructors’ feedback is discussed.
Closing the Signaling Gap: Leveraging learning science and technology design principles to support marginalized and vulnerable youth to transfer their skills, knowledge, and abilities, to new and different types of work.
Authors: Forshaw Tessa , Rosas Sergio , Maples Bethanie
Published: February 2020

The OECD suggests that young people, ages 18-25, will be the hardest hit by the future of work. As entry-level positions are more likely to involve routine tasks with low skill requirements, this group will be most at risk for disruptions or transitions partially because lack of social capital and exposure to careers prevent them from finding the necessary support to transfer their skills to a new environment (OECD, 2018). As society faces an uncertain and changing future of work, workforce development needs a new paradigm; one founded in leveraging the learning sciences and human-centered technology design to drive inclusion.

A preliminary trial of a web-based skills visualization tool with the LA Chamber of Commerce suggests that when participants in their workforce development program created their skills visualization map using the tool, the quantity, and quality of skills used to self-describe increased. Further, the number of participants recommended for an internship also increased. These early results indicate that using a skills visualization map may promote self-explanation, and allow participants to construct a better understanding of how to transfer their skills to a new environment. This approach was used to address the core learning problem of self-explanation, as studies have shown that self-explanation and visualizations are powerful strategies to learn more deeply (Schwartz et al., 2016).
Self-sustaining Crowdsourcing: Beyond the Wikipedia Model to Make pK-12 Computer Science Education Universal in Developing Countries
Authors: Sanchez Armando , Peraza Javier
Published: February 2020

Progracademy (PRG) is a program that seeks to make universal the development of 21st-century competencies (6Cs) -with emphasis on computational ones, in underprivileged pK-12 students of developing countries. PRG proposes a self- sustaining crowdsourcing solution applied to education, with the two key innovative components: i) extra-supported online Computer Science courses (MaxiMOOCs on Collaborative Programming) for pK-12 students who work in teams during school time (PRG Lab) and/or after school (PRG Club), and ii) an online platform that empowers and coordinates online volunteers, teachers, and parents in order to support students. PRG is a solution for underprivileged schools’ severe limitations of resources and institutional capacity to develop 6Cs in students. PRG’s seeks a quadruple social impact at scale and cost-effectively: i) achieve students’ 6Cs educational objectives, ii) build capacity in the schools’ teachers and administrators to educate in 6Cs, iii) develop 6Cs in the volunteers that support the students, and iv) mobilize sustainable support from the for-profit sector and civil society to the public education system. After a successful pilot in a Venezuelan school belonging to the largest educational NGO in Latin America –Fe y Alegria, PRG is now being piloted in Ecuador in two schools from the same NGO.
Changing the state of literacy in the Digital Age in India
Authors: Gahlot Aanandita , Gahlot Shubhankar
Published: February 2020

India as an emerging economy deals with troubles in literacy due to factors like shortage of quality academic institutions and unsuitable curriculum. Digital Technology is accredited as something which can bridge the gap between quality institutions and individuals and make learning more engaging.

Indian Government has made use of technology in the best possible way and launched Pradhan Mantri Gramin Digital Saksharta Abhiyan (PMGDISHA)‡ under its Digital India initiative. It has been initiated to make at least one individual from each household digitally literate so that they develop the skills which will be needed to link with the rapidly growing digital world. This scheme aims to target the rural population including the disparaged sections of society like minorities, Below Poverty Line (BPL), women and differently-abled people.

The use of technology in education has transmuted the whole system of education. This paper is aimed at exploring the changing state of literacy in India after introducing PMGDISHA.

* Prime Minister Rural Digital Literacy Mission
The Value of the We Love Reading Program for Executive Functions In Jordanian Children
Authors: Dajani Rana , Al Sager Alya , Placido Diego , Amso Dima
Published: February 2020

Early childhood enrichment opportunities have been shown to shape Executive Functions (EFs), which in turn play a critical role in the development of academic skills, including school readiness and future educational achievement and mobility. We partnered with We Love Reading, a Jordan-based organization designed to promote reading for pleasure among children, in order to examine the impact of the WLR read-aloud method on executive functions in children. Children completed a battery of executive functions tasks and parents filled out behavioral and demographic assessments of their children. Over a six month interval with the WLR program, we found that the number of books in the home and the number of children that considered reading as a hobby had increased. Changes in reading in the home from baseline to post-WLR also predicted larger improvements in executive functions, and particularly for younger children and for families who reported lower family income.
Influence of meteorological factors on variability of biochemical composition of fruits of introduced species of Ericaceae and Actinidiaceae families in conditions of Belarus
Authors: Rupasova Zh. A. , Garanovich I. M. , Shpitalnaya T. V. , Pavlovskiy N. B. , Goncharova L. V. , Vasilevskaya T. I. , Krinickaya N. B. , Pavlovskaya A. G. , Pigul M. L. , Frolova L. V.
Published: February 2020

The article describes results of a comparative study conducted in seasons of contrasting hydrothermic regimes of averaged variation coefficients of 14 indexes of biochemical composition of fruits of 4 species of introduced plants from families Ericaceae and Actinidiaceae – O. macrocarpus, V. corymbosum, A. arguta and A. kolomikta. It has been shown that the highest integral resistance of biochemical composition of fruits to the complex impact of meteorological factors among O. macrocarpus varieties is characteristic of the released Stevens variety, the lowest one – of Holistar Red, among V. corymbosum varieties – of Bluejay and Sunrise respectively. In the taxonomic row of A. arguta the highest resistance to abiotic factors is found in the natural form, the lowest one – in Sentjabrskaja variety, in the taxonomic row of A. kolomikta – in Aromatnaja and Sentjabrskaja varieties respectively. The greatest variability in all or most introduced varieties is characteristic of parameters of accumulation in fruits of dry substances, hydroxycinnamic acids, soluble sugars and the total amount of bioflavonoids, as well as the content of pectin substances for both species of Actinidiaceae family. At the same time, O. macrocarpus is characterized by high stability of the content of titrated acids and anthocyanin pigments in fruits, V. corymbosum – of catechins, flavonols and tannins, A. kolomikta – of titrated acids, leucoanthocyanins and catechins. Accordingly, the most distinct dependence on the seasonal hydrothermal regime has been found in O. macrocarpus for its sugar-acid index and the content of catechins in fruits, in V. corymbosum – for that of pectin substances and true anthocyanins, in A. arguta – for catechins content, for A. kolomikta – for that of ascorbic acid and flavonols.
New invasive specie of Mycosphaerella dearnessii in the composition of mycobiota of pine needles in the territory of Belarus
Authors: Golovchenko L. A. , Dishuk N. G. , Panteleev S. V. , Baranov O. Yu.
Published: February 2020

Different pines species are heavily infected with fungal pathogens all over the world, some of them are alien species for European region. The potential invasion of alien species into forests, forest nurseries, urban greeneries causes great concern among Belarusian phytopathologists. In this regard, in recent years local scientists have been monitoring the phytosanitary state of natural and managed plantations to identify alien species. The aim of this investigation was to monitor the phytosanitary state of conifers in botanical and dendrological gardens, urban plantations and tree nurseries in the Republic of Belarus, and assessment of the incidence of alien pathogens of pines. There were used light microscopy and molecular genetic techniques. As a result of our research the brown spot needle blight fungus, Mycosphaerella dearnessii was for the first time noted in the region of the Republic of Belarus in a consignment of imported plants of pines Pinus mugo, Pinus nigra, Pinus ponderosa. The disease was revealed both on young and adult plants in botanical gardens and nurseries. In the forests, urban greeneries Mycosphaerella dearnessii is currently not identified. The fungus affects not only the old, but also young needles, strongly inhibiting the growth of trees. Based on the investigation results we suppose that this disease can be dangerous for pinetums in our country.
WTO Agreement on agriculture and peculiarities of its implementation under the conditions of the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Kireyenka N. V.
Published: February 2020

The article presents the stages of formation and development of the WTO Agreement on Agriculture, its structure and content of the main sections. It has been established that agriculture is one of the strategic and vulnerable sectors of the economy of any state, the development of which determines the level of national economic and food security. It is determined that the adopted document establishes a system of rules and obligations of countries in relation to agricultural policy measures related to the regulation of market access, domestic support, and export competition. The current trends in the development of the agri-food sector of Belarus in terms of agricultural production, food security, foreign trade are justified. The features of the implementation of the WTO Agreement on Agriculture in the conditions of the republic, taking into account external and internal factors of industry competitiveness, are highlighted. At the country level, directions for the development of agricultural trade policy, improvement of support measures that do not fall under obligations to limit in accordance with international requirements of the World Trade Organization, and ensure competitive advantages in foreign agricultural markets are proposed. It was noted that promising areas and criteria for the effective functioning of the agri-food sector should take into account national priorities, provide measures and mechanisms for the development of competitive and environmentally friendly production of agricultural products, expand market infrastructure, create favorable organizational and economic conditions for the functioning of the industry, and form its scientific and innovative potential. The issues disclosed in the article are of interest in developing a set of measures to increase the efficiency of foreign trade in the context of expanding the country’s participation in international and regional trade and economic integration, justifying mechanisms for improving agricultural regulation, and developing a system for promoting agri-food products on the domestic and foreign markets.