bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Partograph Utilization and Associated Factors among Obstetric Care Providers in Public Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021
Authors:   Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Collage of Health Science and Medicine, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia, Godie Yohannes , Getu Mahelte ,   iCMC General Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Sebsibie Girum ,   Departement of Nursing and Midwifery, Collage of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Tadesse Aster ,   Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Collage of Health Science and Medicine, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia, Mihretu Esmelealem ,   Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Collage of Health Science and Medicine, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia, Birhanu Dires ,   Departement of Nursing, College of Health Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
Published: December 2023

Background Worldwide, 13% of maternal deaths were caused by protracted and difficult labour, which can be decreased by wise use of the partograph while giving birth. It is crucial to spot any irregularity during labour by employing a partograph during professional aided delivery. Partograph use is influenced by a variety of circumstances according to the literature however, the extent of partograph use and the associated factors are not well understood in the research area. The purpose of this study was to assess the magnitude of partographs utilization and associated factors among obstetric care providers in public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out at 296 obstetric care providers in selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Systematic random sampling techniques were used to select study participants. A structured self-administered questionnaire and direct observation was used to collect data. Epi-data version 4.6 was used to enter the collected data, which was then exported to statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 26 for analysis. Variables with p-value≤0.25 were included in the multivariable model to control for confounders. The statistical significance level was declared at p-value≤0.05. Results The study included 296 (100%) obstetric care providers. 184 (62.0%) of those who used partographs did so on a regular basis for all laboring mothers. Service year ≤5-years (AOR=10.66, 95% CI: 3.11, 36.51) and 5-10-years (AOR=4.74, 95% CI: 1.27, 17.73), on-the-job training (AOR=2.72, 95% CI (1.53, 4.83), knowledge (AOR=2.78, 95% CI (1.29, 5.99) and attitude (AOR=4.11, 95% CI (2.31, 7.32). Conclusion The overall utilization of partographs was low. Partograph utilization was significantly associated with service year (year of work experience), on-the-job training, partograph knowledge, and obstetric care providers’ attitudes toward partograph. To follow the progress of labour, these observation findings indicated that molding of fetal head, status of amniotic fluid, continuous monitoring of maternal and fetal condition was lacking.
Reflection on Complexity at the End-of-Life—More Nuanced than Simply Treating Patients the Way We Would Want to be Treated
Authors:   Department of Palliative and Supportive Care, Burjeel Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE and Khalifa University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Nijhawan Neil A.
Published: December 2023

I relocated to the United Arab Emirates (UAE) just over three years ago, to start a new palliative care service in Abu Dhabi. Palliative care remains a relatively unknown medical specialty here in the UAE both among clinicians and the public. As a new team, we were recently reflecting on some of the more challenging situations that we faced since setting up the service. This case reinforces my belief that palliative care is complex, individualized, holistic care and ‘looks different’ for every patient and their family.
An Unusual Presentation of New Onset Sarcoidosis
Authors:   Department of Family Medicine, West Virginia University (WVU), Wheeling Hospital, Wheeling, WV 26003, USA, Dresser Christian , Ramesh Ramya ,   Department of Family Medicine, West Virginia University (WVU), Wheeling Hospital, Wheeling, WV 26003, USA, Hamawi Rafael ,   Department of Family Medicine, West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine (WVSOM), Lewisburg, WV 24901, USA, Schmitt Bradley ,   Department of Family Medicine, West Virginia University (WVU), Wheeling Hospital, Wheeling, WV 26003, USA, Machani Sathyanaryana ,   Department of Internal Medicine, West Virginia University (WVU), Wheeling Hospital, Wheeling, WV 26003, USA
Published: December 2023

This paper summarizes the case of a patient admitted to the hospital for nausea, light-headedness, and vomiting in the setting of persistent leukocytosis. Despite being adequately treated for an infection, the patient’s leukocytosis did not resolve. Workup yielded a diagnosis of sarcoidosis. This is an unusual presentation of sarcoidosis since the patient did not present with typical respiratory symptoms. The presenting dyspnea on exertion is thought to be due to his smoking history. Treatment is promptly initiated with steroids. It is of utmost importance to initiate steroid therapy to prevent the progression of the disease. Sequelae may include glaucoma, small-fiber neuropathy, and pain syndromes.
Our Health Counts: Examining associations between colonialism and ever being incarcerated among First Nations, Inuit, and Métis people in London, Thunder Bay, and Toronto, Canada
Authors: Muir Nicole M. , Rotondi Michael , Brar Raman , Rotondi Nooshin Khobzi , Bourgeois Cheryllee , Dokis Brian , Hardy Michael , Maddox Raglan , Smylie Janet
Published: December 2023

Objectives

Indigenous peoples have a disproportionately high prevalence of incarceration in the Canadian justice system. However, there is limited Indigenous-driven research examining colonialism and the justice system, specifically associations between racism, externally imposed family disruptions, and history of ever being incarcerated. Therefore, this study examined the association between the proportion of previous incarceration and family disruption, experiences of racism, and victimization for Indigenous adults in London, Thunder Bay, and Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The three communities expressed that they did not want comparison between the communities; rather, they wanted analysis of their community to understand where more supports were needed.

Methods

Indigenous community partners used respondent-driven sampling (RDS) to collect data from First Nations, Inuit, and Métis (FNIM) peoples in London, Thunder Bay, and Toronto. Prevalence estimates, 95% confidence intervals, and relative risk were reported using unweighted Poisson models and RDS-adjusted proportions.

Results

Proportions of ever being incarcerated ranged from 43.0% in London to 54.0% in Toronto and 72.0% in Thunder Bay. In all three cities, history of child protection involvement and experiencing racism was associated with an approximate 25.0% increase in risk for previous incarceration. In Toronto and London, victimization was associated with increased risk for incarceration.

Conclusion

This research highlights disproportionately high prevalence of ever being incarcerated among FNIM living in three Ontario cities. Experiencing racism, family disruption, and victimization are associated with incarceration. Decreasing the rates of family disruption, experiences of racism, and victimization should inform future policy and services to reduce the disproportionately high prevalence of incarceration for FNIM people living in urban settings.
Предикторы инвестирования в капитал здоровья старшего поколения
Authors: Рождественская Елена , Маланина Вероника , Клемашева Елена , Барышева Галина
Published: December 2023

Исследования ряда ученых направлены на оценку взаимосвязей социально-­экономических институтов с процессами накопления и сохранения капитала здоровья. Экономические, культурные, социальные и экологические факторы в совокупности оказывают синергетическое воздействие на принятие решений об инвестировании в здоровье, что, в свою очередь, отражается на показателях накопления капитала здоровья в старшем возрасте. Целью данного исследования является анализ предикторов инвестирования в здоровье, влияющих на процессы его сохранения и накопления в старшем возрасте на основе эмпирических данных. Материалом для исследования послужили данные социологического опроса «Капитал здоровья старшего поколения», проведенного в 2022 г. среди лиц старше 55 лет (N=300) на территории Томской области. Установлено, что трудовая активность, уровень удовлетворенности состоянием здоровья и материальным благополучием, а также доверие к учреждениям здравоохранения оказывают статистически подтвержденное воздействие на формирование стратегии инвестиций в здоровье. Выход на пенсию не играет решающей роли в процессе сохранения здоровья, при условии активности в трудовой и социальной сферах. Выявлено, что несмотря на влияние внешней среды на поведенческие паттерны заботы о здоровье, ее роль в формировании капитала здоровья требует дополнительного изучения. Отношение к инвестициям в собственное здоровье разделяется на две подгруппы: тех, кто вкладывает силы и средства в свое здоровье, и тех, кто этого не делает. Обнаружено, что не уделяют внимания инвестициям в здоровье представители возрастной группы 70‒74‑х лет. Такие факторы как пол, место жительства и состав семьи не оказывают значимого влияния на выбор стратегии инвестирования в здоровье. В то же время работающие пожилые люди, ведущие активный образ жизни, чаще выражают удовлетворение своим здоровьем и материальным состоянием и, как показывают статистические данные, более склонны к инвестициям в сохранение и укрепление здоровья по сравнению с пенсионерами, ведущими пассивный образ жизни. Капитал здоровья старшего поколения определяется вложениями в накопление и сохранение ресурса здоровья на протяжении всей жизни, а также возможностями внешней среды, которые либо способствуют, либо ограничивают практики таких инвестиций.
Поддержка принятия решений в социальной сфере на базе цифровой модели
Authors: Боровков Алексей , Незамаева Ольга , Болсуновская Марина , Елгина Ксения , Алексей Алексей , Бурлуцкая Жанна
Published: December 2023

Данное исследование посвящено разработке и апробации инновационной дискретно-­событийной модели в сфере социальной политики. Представленная модель фокусируется на оптимизации процесса обеспечения жилыми помещениями детей-­сирот и детей, оставшихся без попечения родителей. Модель, реализованная в программном продукте AnyLogic, демонстрирует, как с помощью имитационного моделирования можно анализировать и оптимизировать сложные социальные системы. Эксперименты с моделью позволили оценить эффективность различных управленческих стратегий, включая изменение объема финансирования и распределения ресурсов между разными категориями получателей. Эксперимент позволяет понять, как информационные технологии могут служить мощным инструментом в руках разработчиков социальной политики, и показывает возможности планирования и реализации эффективных социальных программ. Апробация модели на базе Департамента по социальной политике мэрии г. Новосибирска подтвердила ее пригодность для практического применения. Особенностью данной работы является комплексный подход к анализу воздействия различных факторов на социальную систему и возможность прогнозирования динамики изменения ключевых показателей системы при разнообразных условиях. Это открывает перспективы для дальнейших исследований в области социального моделирования, включая интеграцию модели с динамическими демографическими прогнозами и анализом рынка недвижимости.
Трудоустройство по-ирландски: распространение рыночных отношений для повышения социального благосостояния безработных
Authors: Бугровский Александр
Published: December 2023

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Статистический анализ факторов брачного статуса в России с учетом возраста и пола
Authors: Копнова Елена Дмитриевна , Родионова Лилия Анатольевна , Иванова Марина Александровна
Published: December 2023

Исследуются факторы, связанные с брачным статусом населения в России, на основе данных Российского мониторинга экономического положения и здоровья населения НИУ ВШЭ за 2021 г. Использовали мультиномиальную логит-модель множественного выбора. Проанализированы связи с брачным статусом основных демографических, социокультурных, социально-экономических и индивидуально-психологических факторов, таких как пол, возраст, образование, религиозность, занятость, доход, доверие к людям, мировосприятие, самооценка здоровья. Выявлены особенности этих связей для отдельных возрастных и гендерных категорий.
Application of microwave holographic subsurface technology for non-destructive testing of reinforced polyurethane foam
Authors: Vladimir Razevig , Andrey Zhuravlev , Sergey Ivashov
Published: December 2023

Glass fiber Reinforced Polyurethane Foam (RPUF) has found wide application primarily in the aerospace and construction industry due to its outstanding properties. Unlike pure non-reinforced Polyurethane Foam (PUF), it has increased strength characteristics and at the same time retains unique heat and sound insulation properties. The paper considers the features of reinforced polyurethane foam examination in the Microwave (MW) range. It is shown that there is a significant difference in the recorded MW images compared to pure polyurethane foam. This is expressed primarily in the fact that the reinforcing fibers have a dielectric constant that is different from enclosing polyurethane foam, which leads to scattering and reflection of the incident electromagnetic wave on them. Experimental studies have shown that for RPUF, in contrast to PUF, there is an optimal wavelength range in which the contrast of defects against the background of glass fiber reflections is of the greatest value. An experimental comparison of two methods of examination back-scattering and forward-scattering methods was also carried out for RPUF. It is shown that the forward-scattering technology of measurements, if it can be implemented, has certain advantages since allows reducing the contrast of background reflections from the reinforcing fibers.
Science Curricula and Science Teachers Training in Turkey: Past, Present and Future
Authors: DÖNMEZ İsmail , GÜLEN Salih
Published: December 2023

The article highlights the challenges to science curricula and science teaching programs in Turkey and analyzes both these challenges and the opportunities that exist for teachers, teacher educators, policymakers. The aim of this literature review is to identify the historical development of the science curricula and the policies for science teacher training in Turkey. This research encompasses an analysis of the science curricula from before 2005, and those of 2005, 2013, and 2018, focusing on their alignment with educational needs, expectations, and curriculum outcomes. The evolution of science teacher training programs in Turkey for the years 1998, 2007, and 2018 has been assessed, and potential future modifications to these programs have been deliberated. The findings reveal that although curricula have been progressively updated to meet contemporary standards, teacher training curricula have not kept pace, resulting in numerous issues including compromised education quality and performance in international exams. The review offers recommendations for educational practices, emphasizing the need for coordinated efforts between the Ministry of National Education in curriculum development and the Turkish Council of Higher Education in shaping teacher training policies.
Efficacy of a Serious Game for Individuals with Interpersonal Trauma
Authors: Yoon Hyae Young , Cho Sang-Hyun , Choi Yun-Kyeung
Published: December 2023

Background: This study aimed to develop a serious game for college students with interpersonal trauma to practice adopting an alternative perspective mentoring a game character with similar experiences.Methods: We recruited 44 college students with high levels of distress after experiencing interpersonal trauma. They were assigned to either the serious game+relaxation training (SG+RX, n=22) or the virtual reality+relaxation training condition (VR+RX, n=22). Cognitive, emotional, and self-efficacy aspects related to trauma were compared in both groups before and after treatment. In addition, interpersonal perceptions of "warmth, dominance, trust, and accessibility" for facial expressions of happiness, anger, and neutrality were compared in both groups before and after treatment.Results: Both groups showed positive changes in relaxation, post-traumatic cognition, and post-traumatic emotion after treatment. The SG+RX group showed greater increases in behavioral competence and confidence in the future and rated accessibility to angry/happy facial expressions higher than the VR+RX group.Conclusions: These findings suggest that an interactive serious game promoting empathy, coping skills, and an alternative perspective effects positive changes for individuals with interpersonal trauma.
Estimation of the Parameters of Free Space Quantum Key Distribution System Depending on the Insertion Losses
Authors:   ITMO University, Russia, Solomatin O.A. , Balovnev D.Yu. ,   ITMO University, Russia
Published: December 2023

A telescopic system consisting of two modules is used to organize the quantum channel. The accuracy of the adjustment of these modules relative to each other ensures a reduction in losses in the channel, therefore, an important step before conducting the next experiments is the alignment of the system. Both modules of the system are mounted on movable supports that allow the modules to rotate around two axes. Using these supports, we managed to reduce the losses in the atmospheric channel with a length of 1 meter to 10 dB when the radiation is introduced into a single-mode fiber.
INTERPRETING SINO-SOVIET RELATIONS IN SOVIET HISTORIOGRAPHY
Authors:   China University of Petroleum (Beijing) China, Zou Chengzhang
Published: December 2023

The interpretation of Sino-Soviet relations in Soviet historiography is a complex issue that reflects various stages in the history of the Soviet Union, portraying contradictions and transformations in the interaction between the two communist states. Exploring this topic allows us to unveil the evolution of relations, the impact of domestic and foreign policy factors on diplomatic ties, and the changing perceptions of China within the USSR. The article provides an overview of the history of relations between the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Soviet Union. The main milestones in the history of these relations are highlighted, with a focus on key features and major events. The experience of cooperation between the Soviet Union and the PRC in the early stages of their relations, prior to the Sino-Soviet split, is examined. During the initial phase of Sino-Soviet diplomacy, Soviet historiography emphasized the solidarity of the two nations united by communist ideals. However, over time, discrepancies emerged, manifesting in the absence of a unified stance on international communism. Amid the Chinese Cultural Revolution, the USSR started perceiving its eastern neighbor as marked by radicalism and hostility. In the 1970s and 1980s, Soviet historiography began to highlight failures in relations, reflecting real divisions and competition. Research during this period focused on external challenges and the strategic significance of China for the USSR. The interpretation of Sino-Soviet relations in Soviet historiography indicates the complexity and dynamics of diplomatic ties between the two countries. It also reflects the internal political and geopolitical transformations occurring in both nations over time.
Activating Personal Counter-Archives: The Case of the Amir Hassanpour Fonds
Authors: Ganjavi Mahdi
Published: December 2023

In this article, through a historical and theoretical reflection on the Amir Hassanpour Fonds, held at the University of Toronto, the author investigates the role of personal and community archives in counter-archiving in the Middle East, especially in Iran. He expands on his experience working on appraising, describing, and arranging the Amir Hassanpour Fonds at the University of Toronto Archives and Records Management Services (UTARMS) to argue that archiving a diasporic and revolutionary counter-archive calls for more than a procedural and habitual institutional practice. To activate such a counter-archive, there should be, first, close attention paid to the memory institutions against which the counter-archive has been developed. Such close attention calls for an investigation into the larger political structures in which the memory institutions are embedded. Second, the counter-archive should be understood in the broader modes and methods of cultural and memory resistance in that specific political structure, engaging analytically and theoretically with the creator's counter-archiving praxis, in this case Amir Hassanpour's Marxist internationalist revolutionary approach. The article ends with a brief discussion of the various ways UTARMS attempted to enliven this specific fonds.
Prevalence of preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISM) in patients undergoing spirometry in a medical college hospital
Authors: KL Bansal , SS Bansal , S Bansal , S Sahay
Published: December 2023

Background: Many patients come with respiratory symptoms of cough, expectoration and shortness of breath. They also exhibit history of risk factors like smoking etc. but on spirometry they do not meet spirometric criteria of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). GOLD 2023 updates have considered such patients in the category of pre-COPD and preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) and advised to treat and follow these patients and try to prevent them from progressing to COPD. With this objective we tried to look for PRISm and its characteristics in our area. Material and methods: We analyzed the spirometric pattern of all the patients who underwent spirometry in our institution (GS Medical College & Hospital, Pilkhuwa) from January 2022 to December 2022. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, the patients were divided into three groups: (I) Normal Group: Patients having post bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio ≥ 0.7 and normal FEV1 and FVC. (II) PRISm Group: Patients having post bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio ≥ 0.7 but decreased FEV1 (< 80 %) and / or FVC (< 80 %). (III) Unrevealed COPD Group: Patients having post bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio < 0.7 irrespective of FEV1 and FVC. Data observed was compared among various groups and analyzed for various parameters. Results: A total of 986 patients underwent spirometry between 1st January 2022 and 31st December 2022. Of this, 302 patients were not considered for study because of exclusion criteria. 684 patients were considered for the study, of whom 261 (38.16%) had normal spirometry, 207 (30.26%) were in the PRISm group and 216 (31.58%) were found to have unrevealed COPD. Conclusion: Occurrence of PRISm is quite high (30.26%) in patients undergoing spirometry for various reasons in our area. Higher age and higher BMI may have contributed to the observations. Additionally, a considerable number of patients (31.58%) were found to have unrevealed COPD. Another finding is that smoking history is seen in more than 70% of male subjects in both PRISm and unrevealed COPD groups. However, the results need confirmation in more studies from different geographical areas. Keywords: spirometry; PRISm; COPD; pulmonary disease
Comparison of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with and without concomitant meniscal repair: A prospective comparative study
Authors: A Arya , SD Kumar , V Rajkumar , SR Sudhan
Published: December 2023

Background: The treatment of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury includes ACL reconstruction (ACL-R) or ligament preservation, where the former is considered the gold standard. But in meniscal injury, though commonly followed is menisectomy, meniscal repair has gained popularity and success which necessitates the analysis of outcome between ACL-R + meniscal repair and ACL-R + menisectomy as clear consensus have not been established so far in deciding the better overall procedure with respect to function. Methods: This is a prospective, comparative study done in 122 patients with ACL injury and medial/ lateral meniscus in south Indian population at a single center. Where meniscal repair (61) and menisectomy (partial/complete, n=61) with ACL-R were carried out and were evaluated pre-operatively, during the postoperative period at 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months of follow-up for function and compared. The primary outcome evaluated was pain and other symptoms like limping, giving way, swelling and locking were also noted and analysed using KOOS, IKDC and Lysholm scores. Results: The mean difference in KOOS score in postoperative period, at 3 and 6months were significantly higher among the ACL-R + meniscal repair group than the ACL-R + meniscectomy group which is statistically significant. Moreover the median percentage change in IKDC and Lysholm scores from baseline to postoperative 3 and 6 months were significantly higher in ACL-R + meniscal repair group than the other. Conclusion: The meniscal repair with ACL-R has a lower failure rate and shows better functional outcomes than the other group which underwent ACL-R and meniscectomy. Keywords: anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction; ACL-R; meniscectomy; meniscal repair; meniscal tear
Effects of long term antiseizure medications on atherosclerosis
Authors: BS Babu , CP Varghese , PC Gilvaz
Published: December 2023

Long-term therapy with antiseizure medications (ASMs) has been associated with metabolic consequences that lead to an increase in the risk of atherosclerosis in patients with epilepsy. This study was conducted to assess the effects of ASMs on vascular risk factors namely, serum Lipid profile and C-reactive protein (CRP) in epileptic patients and to assess the correlation between the duration of the ASMs, and carotid intima media thickness (IMT). Forty three adult patient participants who were receiving ASM monotherapy for more than 2 years and 43 control patients were enrolled in this study. All participants received measurement of common carotid artery (CCA) and IMT by B-mode ultrasonography to assess the extent of atherosclerosis. Other measurements included body mass index (BMI), serum lipid profile and CRP. The correlation between duration of ASM and average carotid IMT was calculated by using the Pearson's correlation coefficient method. The majority of subjects on phenytoin 8 (66.7%) were positive for CRP. There was an equal proportion of patients on carbamazepine who were equally positive 5(50%) and negative 5(50%) for CRP. There was a statistically significant association between phenytoin consumption and CRP positivity. There was positive correlation between duration of phenytoin consumption and average IMT. There was a strong positive correlation between duration of phenobarbitone consumption and average IMT and was statistically significant. Our results also suggest that long-term use of ASMs with prominent effects on the enzyme system, including Carbamazepine, phenytoin, sodium valproate or phenobarbitone may contribute to the progression of atherosclerosis in patients with epilepsy. Keywords: epilepsy; ASMs; IMT; CRP; phenytoin; carbamazepine; sodium valproate; phenobarbitone
Potts tumours - Our experience
Authors: C Subrahmanyam , N Begum , S Chinnabathini , P brunda , S Rao , R Fatima
Published: December 2023

Pott’s puffy tumour is most frequently associated with bacterial infection but fungus causing Pott’s puffy tumour is very rare. A case series of three patients with Pott’s puffy tumour caused by fungi of different species like candida, aspergillus, mucor along with the clinical findings and management is presented here. Keywords: Pott’s tumour; fungal aetiology; puffy tumour
Understanding the Communicative Intentions of the Speaker and Peer’s Popularity Among Children of Primary School Age
Authors: Lebedeva E.I.
Published: December 2023

The aim of this study was to explore the role of the theory of mind – the ability to attribute mental states to other people in order to explain their behavior – in popularity with peers and in the social competence of children of primary school age. The participants were 92 children aged 9–12 years (M=9,97; SD=0,80; 47 girls). We used the F. Happé “Strange Stories” test, used to study children's understanding of the speaker's communicative intentions in situations of ambiguously understood social interactions, to assess theory of mind. The popularity of children in the group was studied using a sociometric method. For an external evaluation teachers assessed the social behavior of children and adolescents using a specially designed questionnaire. The results obtained testify to the relationship of children’s theory of mind with both their popularity with peers, and with their social competence as a whole. The understanding of communicative intentions in difficult social situations by children is related with both peer preference for socializing and perceived popularity among peers. An external assessment of social competence among primary school age children by teachers has shown that children who are more successful in understanding the communicative intentions of other people are rated by adults as more popular among their peers, while the less successful ones are those who more often become the object of ridicule and often fall under the negative influence of others.
Conformity, Social Norms and Tax Compliance
Authors: Demin A.V.
Published: December 2023

The article analyzes the impact of social norms on tax compliance. The author defines social norms as standards of non-legal behavior that have been established in society and assimilated by an individual, which people follow due to the fact that they receive either greater inner satisfaction from actions that they consider correct, or because of approval from others. The author comes to the conclusion that conformity and evaluation by society are a powerful driver of decisions made by taxpayers. A person's social identity is an important factor of tax compliance. In this context, tax liabilities do not exist in a social vacuum. The social, cultural and institutional environment in which a taxpayer lives and works, his interactions with other people and organizations have a significant impact on tax compliance. Therefore, if a taxpayer is convinced that all (or most) people consider it the norm not to pay taxes, he is more likely to do the same. And, on the contrary, if a taxpayer is confident that others, as a rule, faithfully fulfill their tax obligations, they are more likely to comply with tax compliance.
Study of risk factors for cataracts in a chronically exposed population cohort
Authors: Mikryukova Ludmila D.
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: The likelihood of developing cataracts is influenced by many factors, such as age, gender, ethnicity, the presence of somatic pathology (diabetes mellitus, hypertension), dietary habits and lifestyle (obesity, level of education), etc.
AIM: To study the risk of developing cataracts in exposed people in the long term after chronic radiation exposure, taking into account the influence of radiation dose and non-radiation factors.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The total study group consisted of 14,751 people examined in the hospital of the Ural Scientific and Practical Center for Radiation Medicine from 1955 to 2019. Cataracts were diagnosed in 4,658 people. The statistical methods were based on case-control. To assess the association of the studied factors with the risk of developing cataracts, the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Morbidity rates were calculated using medical statistics methods per 1000 people. When studying the incidence of cataracts, individualized indicators of radiation dose to the lens of the eye were used.
RESULTS: The study revealed an increase in the incidence of cataracts as the cohort ages. There was a tendency for the risk of cataracts to increase (OR=1.10; 95% CI=1.00–1.21) with increasing radiation dose. The incidence of cataracts was associated with the presence of arterial hypertension (OR=2.01; 95% CI=1.81–2.22), diabetes mellitus (OR=1.36; 95% CI=1.17–1.58), cerebrovascular diseases (OR=1.14; 95% CI=1.03–1.26), increased body mass index (OR=1.61; 95% CI=1.45–1.78), as well as belonging to Turkic group (OR=1.58; 95% CI=1.44–1.71), living in the city (OR=1.26; 95% CI=1.15–1.38), having no family (OR=1.72; 95% CI=1.63–1.97), employment primarily in mental work (OR=1.34; 95% CI=1.22–1.48).
CONCLUSION: A tendency for the influence of radiation dose on an increase in the risk of cataracts has been established, medical and social factors that increase the likelihood of developing senile cataracts have been identified.
The law of paired cases on the example of adenocystic cancer of salivary glands tissue with multicentric growth of different locations
Authors: Gavrilyuk Dmitry V. , Zukov Ruslan A. , Dykhno Yury A.
Published: December 2023

Adenoid cystic cancer of the salivary glands is characterized by recurrent and/or metastatic course. Compared with other histological types of salivary gland cancer, it usually has a more latent clinical course with a low incidence of spread to regional lymph nodes. However, after removal of the primary tumor, local and distant relapses are quite common. In addition, the presence of prognostic factors such as metastases in the lymph nodes of the neck, low degree of tumor differentiation, perineural and lymphovascular invasion contributes to an increase in the frequency of distant metastasis with a poor prognosis.
Cases of atypical arrangement of salivary gland tissues with extranodal heterotopia are rare. In the head and neck region, different localizations of heterotopia of salivary gland tissues have been described, but the pterygopalatine fossa was not mentioned in the available sources. The difficulty of histological diagnosis when verifying heterotopia of the salivary glands may be due to the phenomena of chronic inflammation, lymphoid infiltration, tissue fibromatosis and the development of metaplasia. The rare occurrence of heterotopia of the salivary glands, the difficulties of its diagnosis and the lack of a unified approach to surgical treatment require consideration of each individually identified case.
The law of paired cases (also known as the law of series) is implemented in the interpretation of the presented clinical cases, when the identification of individual extraorgan foci of adenoid cystic cancer of the pterygopalatine space may be associated with a rare extranodal heterotopia of salivary gland tissue. The primary multiplicity of malignant lesions of the major salivary glands and heterotopia of salivary gland tissue can be both synchronous and metachronous. Adenoid cystic cancer of the pterygomaxillary fossa, as a component of multicentric growth of various localizations, clinically confirmed the recurrent nature of the course, the tendency to distant metastasis and generalization of the malignant process.
ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF Pediococcus pentosaceus ISOLATED FROM BAMBARA GROUNDNUT (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) SEEDS AGAINST Aspergillus flavus
Authors: OUILI Amidou S.. , DIGUTA Camelia Filofteia , MAIGA Ynoussa , COMPAORE Cheik Omar Tidiane , OUATTARA Aboubakar Sidiki , ISRAEL-ROMING Florentina , MATEI Florentina
Published: December 2023

In this study, 22 lactic acid bacterial (LAB) strains were isolated from Bambara groundnut seeds and assessed for their ability to suppress the development of two strains of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus. The antifungal activity of LAB strains was assessed via the overlay assay. Also, HPLC methodology was used to quantify the production of lactic and acetic acid by the LAB strains with high antifungal activity. After incubation at 30°C for 72 hours, five of these LAB strains (52B1, 52C1, 74B3, 67B1, 67A9) showed high inhibitory activity against Aspergillus flavus strains. These LAB strains exhibiting antifungal potential were identified as Pediococcus pentosaceus through 16S rDNA sequencing. Furthermore, the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains reported lactic acid production ranging from 12.08 mg/ml to 15.38 mg/ml and acetic acid production ranging from 0.06 mg/ml to 1.68 mg/ml. Notably, antifungal experiments are conducted in a controlled setting. Further, it would be worthwhile to explore the direct application of Pediococcus pentosaceus strains or their antimicrobial agents to food products to prevent fungal growth during storage. By doing so, the use of fungicides can be avoided and lead to safer food products.
SURVEY ON INTESTINAL PARASITES INFECTIONS IN WATER BUFFALO CALVES, IN CENTER ROMANIA
Authors: PALTIN Andreea Cristina , MITREA Emanuel , CERBU(BOANFA) Daniela , IONITA Mariana , MITREA Ioan Liviu
Published: December 2023

A cross-sectional survey was carried-out to investigate the occurrence and associated risk factors for digestive parasite infections in water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) calves, in Center Romania. For this, individual fecal samples were collected, from a total of 63 calves and tested for protozoan and helminth infection by using standard qualitative (flotation) and/or quantitative (Mini-Flotac) copro-microscopic techniques. Overall, 77.8% [95% CI: 63.58-87.03] of the tested animals were positive for at least one parasite infections, either as single (53.9%; 95% CI: 38.03-65.35) or mixed (23.8.0%; 14.39-38.38) infections. Of the positive animals, 13.4% showed diarrhoea and all were with mixed infections. Among the parasites detected, the most frequent was Eimeria spp. (68.2%), followed by Toxocara vitulorum (15.9%), Giardia duodenalis (14.3%), and Strongyloides papillosus (4.2%). These findings showed the presence of parasites that may seriously impact the animal health, some of them with zoonotic potential. Altogether the results of this study emphasize the requirement for specific measures for control parasite infections in water buffalo farms.
GROWTH AND YIELD CAPACITY OF QUINOA (CHENOPODIUM QUINOA WILLD.) DEPENDING ON THE SOWING RATE IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE NORTH-EASTERN FOREST-STEPPE OF UKRAINE
Authors: TROTSENKO Nadiia , ZHATOVA;RADCHENKO Halyna Mykola
Published: December 2023

The paper presents aimed research results of the density level effect on quinoa plant development, yield and yield components to ensure maximum efficiency of crop rowing under regional conditions. Research was carried out for 2020-2022 in area of North-Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine with the quinoa variety of Quartet. Several sowing rates 0.8; 1.2; 1.6 and 2.0 million seed per ha) were studied. According to the results a continuous sowing technology with a sowing rate of 1.6 million similar seeds per ha is recommended. It provides a pre-harvest density of 1.37 million plant/ha and yield of 2.12 t/ha. Development and formation of the main crop of seeds ensures the main inflorescence of the central stem. The average yield index and weight of 1000 seeds were 27.9% and 2.82 g, respectively. For obtaining larger seeds (1000 seed weight > 3.0 g), it is advisable to reduce the sowing rate to 1.2 million seed/ha. Yield shortage at this sowing rate in some years can be up to 0.08 t/ha.
THE STRUCTURE OF THE WORLD COLLECTION OF WINTER SOFT WHEAT IN TERMS OF DISEASE RESISTANCE IN THE SOUTHERN FOREST-STEPPE OF UKRAINE
Authors: VYSKUB Roman , VINYUKOV Aleksandr , BONDAREVA Olga , CHUHRII Hanna , KOROBOVA Oksana
Published: December 2023

To prevent crop losses from pathogens, new varieties with a broad genetic basis of group resistance should be introduced into the production process. The purpose of research was to describe the collection of soft winter wheat in terms of resistance to the most common diseases in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe of ukraine. 1406 samples of soft winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) From 33 countries were taken for research. The significant influence of the amount of precipitation and the level of hydrothermal coefficient (HTC) on the indicator of the number of susceptible samples of wheat to specific pathogens of soft winter wheat was established. Selection work has significantly influenced the creation of more stable varieties in recent years compared to the 70's of the twentieth century. The method of remote hybridization using foreign genes helps to obtain lines more resistant to specific pathogens of soft winter wheat. Creating a special collection of samples resistant to the most common diseases of soft winter wheat allows you to systematize the selection of parental lines on specific grounds.
LONG-TERM (2005-2020) WINTER WHEAT PEST POPULATION DYNAMICS IN UKRAINE IN RESPONSE TO EFFECTS OF ACREAGE TREATED WITH INSECTICIDES AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Authors: BORZYKH Oleksandr , CHAIKA Volodymyr , SCHEVCHUK Olga , BORYSENKO Volodymyr , JANSE Liliya
Published: December 2023

We studied the long-term population dynamic`s (2005-2020) of six main insect pests of winter wheat (late wheat shoot fly, hessian fly, frit flies, cereal beetles, corn ground beetle and sun pest) in three climatic zones of Ukraine under conditions of increasing areas of application pesticides and global warming. The aim of the research was to investigate how these factors influence pest population dynamics. Comparison of sums of effective temperatures (SET) with standard values for different zones indicates significant climate warming over the past 15 years. Correlation analysis with two variables showed a general decrease in the numbers of most populations, especially in the steppe and forest-steppe zones.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH MILLIAR (MILLING AUGMENTED REALITY) KOMPETENSI DASAR MENGIDENTIFIKASI BAGIAN-BAGIAN MESIN FRAIS BERDASARKAN JENIS DAN FUNGSINYA
Authors: Putri Arindita , Widiyanti Widiyanti , Edy Duwi Leksono
Published: December 2023

Hasil diskusi bersama guru mata pelajaran produktif Teknik Pemesinan Frais di SMK PGRI 3 Malang, penyampaian materi dengan metode demonstrasi tidak dapat dilakukan secara langsung, karena seluruh siswa belajar dari rumah sehingga guru hanya menggunakan media powerpoint dan video pembelajaran. Dampaknya siswa mengalami kesulitan untuk mendalami materi dan cenderung bosan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran jarak jauh berbasis augmented reality. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian dan pengembangan dengan model ADDIE. Tahapannya, yaitu: 1) analisis kebutuhan; 2) desain, 3) pengembangan produk dan uji validasi, 4) uji coba siswa kelas X SMK PGRI 3 Malang pada mata pelajaran Teknik Pemesiann Frais, dan 5) evaluasi. Instrumen pengukuran berupa angket dengan skala Likert. Hasil penelitian dan pengembangan berupa media pembelajaran MILLIAR (milling augmented reality) yang terdiri atas modul, aplikasi Android, dan buku panduan penggunaan. Persentase hasil uji validasi mencapai 100% menurut ahli materi, 98% menurut ahli media, dan 100% menurut guru mata pelajaran. Persentase hasil uji coba kelompok kecil oleh 8 siswa mencapai 94,42%  dan hasil uji coba lapangan terhadap 54 siswa mencapai 85,22%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran MILLIAR memperoleh kriteria sangat layak untuk diterapkan dalam pembelajaran kompetensi dasar mengidentifikasi bagian-bagian mesin frais berdasarkan jenis dan fungsinya.
Full Reverse Left Ventricle Conteractility Function Remodeling and Recovery in Patient With Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Clinical Case
Authors: Belyi S. A. , Lukashenko V. I. , Kriventsov A. V. , Nemkov A. S. , Khubulava G. G.
Published: December 2023

The article presents a clinical case of a patient with severe chronic heart failure of ischemic origin. In 2020, the patient with a long history of ischemic heart disease, as confirmed by clinical data and instrumental examination, was diagnosed with severe cardiomegaly and NYHA class III chronic heart failure. The course of heart failure was aggravated by the presence of arrhythmia in the form of atrial fibrillation. At the first stage, a drug therapy and lifestyle modifications were recommended. In 2021, a beneficial tendency in clinical and instrumental indexes was observed, which made it possible to move on to the surgical stage of treatment. A coronary artery bypass grafting was performed with ablation of the left atrial posterior wall using the “box lesion” technique. A follow-up examination performed a year later showed normalization of the left ventricular dimension and recovery of its contractile function. The symptoms of heart failure regressed to the level of NYHA functional class I; no relapses of atrial fibrillation were detected. The patient continues to receive recommended drug therapy.
Predictors Associated With Prognosis of Patients on the Waiting List for Heart Transplantation
Authors: Kostomarov A. N. , Simonenko M. A. , Fedotov P. A.
Published: December 2023

Aim    To identify predictors associated with the prognosis of patients on the heart transplant waiting list (HTWL) corresponding to UNOS class 2.Material and methods    A HTWL database for 2010-2021 was retrospectively evaluated. The study included patients (n=162) who at the time of inclusion into the HTWL met UNOS class 2 and reached the endpoint of death, heart transplantation (HT), or exclusion from the HTWL due to an improvement of their condition. Mean age was 48±13 (from 11 to 67) years, 80% (n=130) were men, and body weight index was 24.9±4.4 kg/m2. Patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (n=131), patients who left the HTWL (improvement of CHF functional class) and patients who maintained the UNOS class 2 until HT; group 2 (n=31), patients who transferred from UNOS class 2 to UNOS class 1B/1A or died while on the HTWL.Results    Patients of group 2 had lower systolic BP compared to patients of group 1 (100±17, mm Hg vs. 107±17 mm Hg, respectively, p=0.03). In group 1 compared to group 2, there was a higher proportion of patients with obesity, 29 (22%) vs. 1 (3%) (p=0.02). Laboratory blood tests: absolute lymphocyte count (2.0±0.7×109/L and 1.6±0.9×109/L, p=0.03), serum albumin (42±5 g/l and 40±6 g/l, p=0.03), red cell distribution width (RDW) (16±4% and 18±4%, p=0.01); sodium concentration (139±4 and 136±4 mmol/l, p=0.009). Patients from group 2 had a higher pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) (4.0±2.4 Wood units vs. 3.2±1.4 Wood units, p=0.01) at baseline. A predictive model (p<0.001) was developed to determine a probability of prognosis in HTWL. The model sensitivity was 75% and the specificity was 67%. High PVR was a predictor that worsened the prognosis in HTWL; higher serum concentrations of sodium and albumin increased the probability of a favorable outcome in HTWL.Conclusion    During the period of waiting for HT, 19% of patients that met UNOS class 2 experienced deterioration of their condition (transitioned to UNOS 1) or died. The most important predictors for a better outcome in patients on HTWL who meet UNOS class 2 were higher serum levels of sodium and albumin and low pulmonary vascular resistance.