bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fukoidanın Diyabetik Sıçan Testis Dokularındaki PCNA, INSL3, JNK, TGF-β1, IL-1β ve Akt İfadelerine Etkisi
Authors: BAYRAM Şinasi , ERSOY Onur , ÇERKEZKAYABEKİR Ayşegül , SAPMAZ Melike , KARACA Turan , KIZILAY ÖZFİDAN Gülnur
Published: September 2020

Çalışmamızın amacı, diyabetik testis dokularında gözlenen hasarlarda etkili olabilme potansiyeli yüksek bir antioksidan olan fukoidanın, spermatogenez seri hücrelerine proliferasyon, apoptozis ve inflamasyon yönünden olası etkilerini araştırmaktır. Fukoidan; çeşitli amaçlarla tablet formunda tüketici kullanımına sunulmuş olmasına rağmen, diyabetli erkek hastalarda infertiliteye yönelik bir değerlendirme yapabilmek için yeterli veriler bulunmamaktadır. Bu amaçla, testis dokusunda prolifere hücre nükleer antijeni (PCNA), insulin-benzeri peptid 3 (INSL3), fosfo (f)-c-Jun N-terminal kinaz (f-JNK), dönüştürücü büyüme faktörü-β1 (TGF-β1), fosfo-serin/treonin protein kinaz (f-Akt) ve interlökin-1β (IL-1β) gibi biyobelirteçlerin ifadelerinin değerlendirilmesi planlanmıştır. Çalışmamızda yirmi dört adet Wistar albino erkek sıçan kullanılarak 4 deney grubu (n=6); K: Kontrol grubu, D: diyabet grubu; 40 mg/kg streptozotosin (STZ, 5 ardışık gün, intraperitoneal (i.p.) verilen grup, EF grubu: 40 mg/kg STZ i.p (5 ardışık gün) + 50 mg/kg i.p. fukoidan (Diyabet oluşumunun ertesi günü başlanarak 6 hafta süresince, günaşırı bir kez) verilen grup, GF grubu: 40 mg/kg STZ i.p. (5 ardışık gün) + 50 mg/kg i.p. fukoidan (diyabet oluşturulduktan 15 gün sonra, 6 hafta süresince günaşırı bir kez) verilen grup oluşturulmuştur. Diyabet indüksiyonuyla; immatur hücrelerde dökülme ve seminifer tübül duvarındaki hücrelerde izlenen sitoplazma kayıpları, belirgin dejeneratif değişiklikler olarak görülmüştür. Bununla birlikte diyabet, proliferasyon indeksinin yanısıra INSL3 ve f-Akt immunoreaktivitelerinde azalmaya; f-JNK, TGF-β1, IL-1β immunreaktivitelerinde ise artışa neden olmuştur. EF ve GF gruplarında ise çalışılan tüm parametrelerde, diyabetin etkilerini azaltma yönünde etki gözlenmiştir. Yaptığımız çalışma sonucunda, moleküler düzeyde etkili olabildiği önceki çalışmalarla da saptanan fukoidanın; diyabetik testis dokusundaki histopatolojik hasarlara karşı koruyucu etkileriyle, infertilite gibi üreme sağlığında oluşabilecek ciddi problemlerin önlenmesine katkı yapacağı kanısındayız.
The method of topographic tensoalgometry for assessing biomechanical characteristics of soft tissues
Authors: Eremushkin M. A. , Kolyshenkov V. A.
Published: September 2020

Introduction. The search for a reliable method for determining the characteristics of superficial soft tissues, which would not only evaluate the biomechanical indices of a particular local zone, but also identify existing changes in the entire area subject to therapeutic manipulation and, moreover, offer recommendations for choosing specific massage techniques, is relevant.

The goal of research — to investigate the possibility of using the method of topographic tensoalgometry for assessing the biomechanical characteristics of soft tissues, as a new tool for objective evaluation of methods of manual impact on the patient′s body, taking into account the complete topographic picture of the studied area of patients′ soft tissues.

Materials and methods. The study included 43 volunteers aged 18 to 49 years, 24 male and 19 female, with various pathologies of the musculoskeletal system, mainly with a diagnosis of lower back pain (ICD-10 code M54.5), who were prescribed a course using classic massage techniques, conducted daily for 5 days. Before and after the massage course, all volunteers underwent topographic tensoalgometry.

Results. The advantages of the proposed new method for objectifying the characteristics of surface soft tissues, its practical feasibility and clinical usefulness were shown.

Conclusion. Obtained by topographic tensoalgometric diagnostic′s method the data of a holistic topographic picture of the studied area of the soft tissues of patients allow us to give recommendations on the choice of specific groups of massage techniques and to control the dynamics of changes in the data of strain and algometry.
Perbandingan Hasil Pemeriksaan Widal Tabung Negatif dengan Pemeriksaan Polimerase Chain Reaction (PCR) dalam Menegakan Diagnosa Demam Tifoid
Authors: Irawati Wiwik Dwi
Published: September 2020

Demam tifoid merupakan suatu penyakit infeksi sistemik yang disebabkan oleh Salmonella typhi yang masih dijumpai secara luas di berbagai Negara berkembang. Penegakan diagnose demam tifoid dilakukan secara klinis dan melalui pemeriksaan laboratorium. Pemeriksaan laboratorium yang selama ini banyak dilakukan adalah pemeriksaan serologis yaitu tes widal. Metode lain untuk identifikasi bakteri Salmonella typhi yang memiliki nilai diagnostic tinggi adalah PCR (Polimerase Chain Reaction). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan hasil pemeriksaan widal tabung negative dengan pemeriksaan PCR dalam menegakan diagnose demam tifoid. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan dari 20 sampel uji Widal tabung negative setelah dilakukan pemeriksaan PCR Salmonella typhi 12 sampel positif Salmonella typhi dan 8 sampel Salmonella typhi negatif. Dari hasil penelitian ada perbedaan persentase hasil pemeriksaaan uji Widal tabung negative dengan pemeriksaan PCR, hal ini membuktikan bahwa metode PCR mempunyai sensitifitas dan spesifisitas lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan uji Widal tabung. Selama ini PCR lebih banyak digunakan terbatas dalam lingkup penelitian diharapkan kedepannya dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu alat diagnostic rutin penyakit demam tifoid.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN KOSMETIK TERHADAP ACNE VULGARIS PADA REMAJA PUTRI KELAS I DAN KELAS II SMA NEGERI 4 BANDA ACEH
Authors: Mauliza Mila , Elmiyati Elmiyati , Andri Andri
Published: September 2020

Acne Vulgaris adalah suatu kondisi inflamasi umum pada unit polisebaseus yang sering terjadi pada remaja dan dewasa muda. Penyebab pasti acne vulgaris sampai saat ini belum diketahui secara pasti, namun terdapat beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhinya seperti genetic, hormonal, diet, penggunaan kosmetik, trauma, infeksi dan psikis. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh antara penggunaan kosmetik dengan acne vulgaris pada remaja putri kelas I dan kelas II SMAN 4 Banda Aceh. Desain penelitian mengunakan desain korelasional dengan metode pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 327 remaja. Sampel penelitian menggunakan simple random sampling sebanyak 180 remaja. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah pendekatan dan observasi. Metode analisa data yang di gunakan yaitu chi-square. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner, dan pemeriksaan fisik (inspeksi). Variabel independen penelitian adalah penggunaan kosmetik sedangkan variabel dependen adalah acne vulgaris. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa sebagian besar siswi mengggunakan kosmetik yaitu sebanyak 143 (79,4%), dan sebanyak 37 (20,6%) siswi tidak menggunakan kosmetik. Hasil analisis chi-square didapatkan nilai p value = 0,017< α (0.05) yang berarti terdapat pengaruh antara Penggunaan Kosmetik dengan Acne Vulgaris pada Remaja Putri Kelas I dan Kelas II SMAN 4 Banda Aceh.
PERBANDINGAN TINGKAT VALIDITAS PEMERIKSAAN MAMMOGRAFI DAN USG UNTUK MENDIAGNOSIS NEOPLASMA MAMMAE DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH Dr. H. ABDUL MOELOEK TAHUN 2017-2018
Authors: Hasbie Neno Fitriyani , Mandala Zulhafis , Wiratmoko Wien , Agush Husain Besse Marwah
Published: September 2020

Di Indonesia, menurut Departemen Kesehatan RI pada tahun 2014 terdapat 43,3% kasus baru dengan persentase kematian sebesar 12,9%. Kanker payudara menempati urutan pertama pada pasien rawat inap di seluruh RS di Indonesia (16,85%), disusul kanker leher rahim (11,78%). Untuk Provinsi Lampung, dari data Rumah Sakit Urip Sumoharjo dan Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Abdul Moeloek menemukan bahwa jumlah pasien kanker payudara rawat inap mencapai 2.602 pasien pada tahun 2014. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui ketepatan hasil pemeriksaan USG dan Mammograf pada neoplasma mammae di Instalasi Radiologi di RSUD Dr.H. Abdul Moelek Tahun 2017-2018. Desain penelitian ini adalah observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional, dimana penelitian ini membandingkan data hasil pemeriksaan terhadap neoplasma mammae menggunakan USG dan Mammograf yang dikonfirmasi dengan pemeriksaan patologi anatomi. Analisa data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji fisher test dengan tabel 2X2 dilakukan tabulasi silang dan koding. Analisa data menggunakan rumus untuk menghitung validitas. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Pemeriksaan USG mammae  terhadap neoplasma mammae memberikan hasil seperti sensitifitas : 84%, spesifitas : 81%, NPP : 88%, NPN : 75%, LLR+ : 4.42 dan LLR- : 0.19 dan hasil validitas pemeriksaan mammografi terhadap neoplasma mammae memberikan hasil sensitifitas : 73.3%, spesifitas : 80%, NPP : 78%, NPN : 75%, LLR+ : 3.66 dan LLR - : 0.33). Secara umum ultrasonografi dan mammografi memiliki ketepatan yang hampir sama unggul untuk  mendiagnosis neoplasma mammae (jinak/ganas).
PERAN KECERDASAN BUDAYA DAN KEPRIBADIAN TERHADAP PERILAKU KONSUMTIF ONLINE GENERASI MILENIAL YANG MERANTAU DI JAKARTA
Authors: Lesmana Teguh , Rarung Chintya Monica
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT: THE ROLE OF CULTURAL INTELLIGENCE AND PERSONALITY TOWARD ONLINE CONSUMTIVE BEHAVIOR OF MILLENNIAL GENERATION WHO WANDER IN JAKARTA This study aims to determine the role of cultural intelligence and personality on the online consumptive behavior of the millennial generation who have migrated in Jakarta. This research is a survey research design with non-experimental research types and involves three measuring instruments consisting of the Cultural Intelligence Measurement Scale (CIMS) to measure cultural intelligence, the Big Five Inventory 2 Short Form (BFI-2S) to measure personality characteristics and Consumptive Behavior Scale to measure the tendency of consumptive behavior. This study involved 303 participants who were millennials who had migrated to Jakarta. The results of this study indicate that cultural intelligence has a positive and significant correlation with consumptive behavior, where the higher the cultural intelligence possessed, the more it will increase the consumptive behavior of the participants. In addition, the results of subsequent studies showed that openness, agreeableness, and extraversion had a negative and significant correlation with consumptive behavior, while neuroticism had a positive and significant correlation with consumptive behavior. This study provides supporting data that cultural intelligence and personality in migrants can lead to consumptive behavior. Keywords: Personality, Cultural Intelligence, Consumtive Behavior Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran kecerdasan budaya dan kepribadian terhadap perilaku konsumtif online generasi milenial yang merantau di Jakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan survey research design dengan jenis penelitian non eksperimental dan melibatkan tiga alat ukur yang terdiri atas Cultural Intelligence Measurement Scale (CIMS) untuk mengukur kecerdasan budaya, Big Five Inventory 2 Short Form (BFI-2S) untuk mengukur karakteristik kepribadian dan Skala Perilaku Konsumtif untuk mengukur kecenderungan perilaku konsumtif. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dan melibatkan 303 partisipan yang merupakan generasi milenial yang merantau di Jakarta dengan mayoritas partisipan berusia 20-25 tahun (80.9%). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kecerdasan budaya berkorelasi positif dan signifikan dengan perilaku konsumtif, dimana semakin tinggi kecerdasan budaya yang dimiliki maka akan semakin meningkatkan perilaku konsumtif partisipan. Selain itu, hasil penelitian berikutnya menunjukkan bahwa openness, agreeableness,dan extraversionberkorelasi negatif dan signifikan dengan perilaku konsumtif, sementara neuroticism berkorelasi positif dan signifikan dengan perilaku konsumtif. Penelitian ini memberikan data pendukung bahwa kecerdasan budaya dan kepribadian pada perantau berperan dalam menentukan perilaku konsumtif. Kata Kunci: Kepribadian, Kecerdasan Budaya, Perilaku Konsumtif
ASERTIVITAS DAN SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING PADA MAHASISWA DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Puteri Ika Apriati Widya
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT: ASSERTIVENESS AND SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING ON UNIVERSITY STUDENT IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC TIME This year, the global Covid-19 pandemic hit the world and affected various aspects of life, as well as in the world of education. The pandemic that is there is causing some psychological symptoms in the majority of people. The adaptation to this new situation affects students' subjective well-being. One of the factors related to subjective well being is assertiveness. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between assertiveness and subjective well-being among college students, especially in the global Covid-19 pandemic situation. This research was conducted on 49 students of The Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Widya Gama Mahakam University Samarinda. This study uses an instrument of assertiveness scale, the scale of Satisfaction with Life Scale, and the Scale of Positive and Negative Experience. The analysis was performed using Pearson's product moment correlation technique. The results showed that there was no relationship between assertiveness and subjective well-being in the students of the Teaching and Education Faculty, Widya Gama Mahakam University Samarinda. Keywords: Assertiveness, Subjective Well-Being, University Student Tahun ini, pandemi global Covid-19 melanda dunia dan mempengaruhi berbagai aspek kehidupan, begitu pula dalam dunia pendidikan. Pandemi yang ada menimbulkan beberapa gejala psikologis pada sebagian besar orang. Adaptasi terhadap situasi yang baru ini mempengaruhi kesejahteraan subjektif (subjective well-being) mahasiswa. Salah satu faktor yang berhubungan dengan subjective well-being  adalah asertivitas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara asertivitas dan subjective well-being pada mahasiswa, khususnya pada situasi pandemi global Covid-19. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap 49 mahasiswa Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Widya Gama Mahakam Samarinda. Penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen skala asertivitas, skala Satisfaction with Life Scale, dan Scale of Positive and Negative Experience. Analisis dilakukan dengan teknik korelasi product moment dari Pearson. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara Asertivitas dan Subjective Well-Being pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Widya Gama Mahakam Samarinda. Kata Kunci: Asertivitas, Subjective Well-Being, Mahasiswa
Impact Response of Hammerhead Pier Fibrous Concrete Beams Designed with Topology Optimization
Authors: Salaimanimagudam Meivazhisalai Parasuraman , Suribabu Covaty Ravi , Murali Gunasekaran , Abid Sallal R.
Published: September 2020

Reducing the weight of concrete beams is a primary (beyond strength and durability) concern of engineers. Therefore, this research was directed to investigate the impact response of hammerhead pier concrete beams designed with density-based method topology optimization. The finite element topology optimization was conducted using Autodesk fusion 360 considering three different mesh sizes of 7 mm, 10 mm, and adaptive meshing. Three optimized hammerhead beam configurations; HB1, HB2, and HB3, respectively, with volume reductions greater than 50 %. In the experimental part of this research, nine beams were cast with identical size and configuration to the optimized beams. Three beams, identical to the optimized beams, were tested under static bending for verification purposes. In comparison, six more beams, as in the preceding three beams but without and with hooked end steel fibers, were tested under repeated impact load. The test results revealed that the highest flexural capacity and impact resistance at crack initiation and failure were recorded for the adaptive mesh beams (HB3 and HB3SF). The failure impact energy and ductility ratio of the beam HB3SF was higher than the beams HB1SF and HB2SF by more than 270 %. The results showed that the inclusion of steel fiber duplicated the optimized beam’s impact strength and ductility several times. The failure impact resistance of fibrous beams was higher than their corresponding plain beams by approximately 2300 to4460 %, while their impact ductility ratios were higher by 6.0 to 18.1 times.
A Judicial Review of the De Facto Detention of Foreigners in Turkey
Authors: Ovacik Gamze
Published: September 2020

The term, de facto detention, refers to instances in which foreigners are held or deprived of their liberty usually with a view to preventing their entry into a country or expelling them from a country, but without implementing a legally prescribed detention regime that satisfies the criteria of the rule of law. The first type of de facto detention occurs when provisions regulating detention are absent or deficient in the legal framework. The second type takes place when domestic law sufficiently regulates detention regimes; however, the law is not duly implemented in practice. This article examines judicial practices in Turkey in both categories of de facto detention, analysing 37 Turkish court decisions with supporting case law from the European Court of Human Rights. Focusing on case law makes it possible both to track deficiencies in administrative practices and to analyse judicial response as a tool for rectifying unlawful administrative practices.
INDEPENDÊNCIA FUNCIONAL DA PESSOA COM LESÃO MEDULAR: DO TRAUMA À PRIMEIRA INTERNAÇÃO
Authors: Da Silva Moser Gelson Aguiar , Lima Gelbcke Francine , Moser Aguiar Denise Consuelo , Dornelles Schoeller Soraia , Santana Castro Fabiana Faleiros
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: Avaliar a perceção da funcionalidade do joelho e a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde (QVRS) em idosos submetidos a artroplastia total do joelho (ATJ). Métodos: Estudaram-se 40 pacientes em dois momentos de avaliação: no pré-operatório e oito semanas após cirurgia. A QVRS foi avaliada através do MOS SF-36 v2 (Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey) e a perceção da funcionalidade do joelho através do KOOS (Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score). Resultados: Amostra (71,6±8,1 anos) maioritariamente feminina (62,5%). Os resultados do MOS SF-36 v2 revelam uma melhoria em todas as dimensões da saúde física na segunda avaliação (p <0,05). No domínio da saúde mental também houve melhoria em todas as dimensões, à exceção da vitalidade. A funcionalidade do joelho melhorou nas subescalas: sintomas (p=0,015), dor (p <0,001) e qualidade de vida (p <0,001). Conclusão: Pacientes avaliados oito semanas após ATJ revelaram melhorias na saúde autopercebida, qualidade de vida, desempenho físico e dor. Descritores: Traumatismos da medula espinal; Medida de independência funcional; Enfermagem
Assessment of Attitude towards two selected areas of professionalism like honesty and confidentiality among undergraduate medical students of Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Sadia Jabeen , Talukder Md Humayun Kabir , Alam Kazi Khairul , Haque Farhana , Karim Md Rezaul
Published: September 2020

This descriptive type of cross sectional study was carried out to evaluate the attitude of undergraduate medical students of Bangladesh regarding selected areas of professionalism like honesty and confidentiality. Study period was from July 2017 to June 2018. Sample size was 837 undergraduates medical students of 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th phase of MBBS course from four public and four non government medical colleges of Bangladesh. Convenience sampling technique was adopted in this study. Data collection was done by a modified structured situational judgment test (SJT) self-administered questionnaire which was adopted from general medical council (GMC) and by in-depth interview schedule of students. The data were then compiled and analyzed using SPSS Version 19.Among the study participants, 37.20% (310) and 62 .80% (537) were males and females respectively. Attitude towards the two most major issues of professionalism were good, mean score were above three in honesty. Mean score was below three in maintaining confidentiality. Result of the present study shows that female students had higher mean professionalism than male. Female students were better than the male students in regards to all two different professional issues and this difference is statistically highly significant (P=0.00). Mean score of professionalism of 1st phase students in all two issues were greater than the respondents of other three phases and this findings was also statistically significant. Medical undergraduates of Bangladesh have a good understanding of acceptable professional honesty but there is scope of improvement. Study recommended that these two issues of professionalism must be taught in the course of undergraduate medical education and should be incorporated in undergraduate medical curriculum with the details of learning outcome what we craving from a registered medical graduate so that learning can be turned into practice.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.11(1) 2020: 3-11
Effect of insecure environment on the academic performance of female students in Pakistan
Authors: Zareen Mahwash
Published: September 2020

The study investigated the effect of an insecure city environment on the academic performance of female college students in Pakistan. Although studies are found in the insecure environment inside the institute, none investigated the insecure environment on the ways from home to college. This research specifically targeted female students of the age from 14 to 16 years who walked to their colleges and often experience unusual activities or harassment affecting their academic performance.100 Females who were studying in the Government institutes, were the desired sample of the current study who were studying at the government colleges and were students of 1st year. The result indicated that an insecure city environment is a significant negative predictor of academic performance among female college students who are attending Government colleges in Pakistan (Î²= -.81, p < .001). The findings drawn from this study are likely to help save the young female students from developing insecure feelings while moving on the road alone. This research helps in providing a secure environment for the female to ensure their optimized learning. This is ascertained through a better future by instigating some action planning for providing the females with a safe environment that promotes effective learning.
Tieto- ja viestintätekniikka ja työssä oppiminen
Authors: Mertala Pekka
Published: September 2020

Päiväkodin rutiinia arvostava työkulttuuri voi joskus hankaloittaa uusien tapojen kehittämistä. esiopetuksessa työskentelevät opettajat tarvitsevat paitsi tietoa, myös aikaa ja rohkaisua tieto- ja viestintätekniikan käyttämiseen lasten kanssa.
Cytology reveals diverse cell morphotypes and cellin-cell interactions in normal collector sea urchins Tripneustes gratilla
Authors: Work TM , Millard E , Mariani DB , Weatherby TM , Rameyer RA , Dagenais J , Breeden R , Beale AM
Published: September 2020

Echinoderms such as sea urchins are important in marine ecosystems, particularly as grazers, and unhealthy sea urchins can have important ecological implications. For instance, unexplained mortalities of Diadema antillarum in the Caribbean were followed by algal overgrowth and subsequent collapse of coral reef ecosystems. Unfortunately, few tools exist to evaluate echinoderm health, making management of mortalities or other health issues problematic. Hematology is often used to assess health in many animal groups, including invertebrates, but is seldom applied to echinoderms. We used a standard gravitometric technique to concentrate fixed coelomocytes from the collector sea urchin Tripneustes gratilla onto microscope slides, permitting staining and enumeration. Using Romanowsky stain and electron microscopy to visualize cell details, we found that urchin cells could be partitioned into different morphotypes. Specifically, we enumerated phagocytes, phagocytes with perinuclear cytoplasmic dots, vibratile cells, colorless spherule cells, red spherule cells, and red spherule cells with pink granules. We also saw cell-in-cell interactions characterized by phagocytes apparently phagocytizing mainly the motile cells including red spherule cells, colorless spherule cells, and vibratile cells disproportionate to underlying populations of circulating cells. Cell-in-cell interactions were seen in 71% of sea urchins, but comprised <1% of circulating cells. Finally, about 40% of sea urchins had circulating phagocytes that were apparently phagocytizing spicules. The coelomic fluid collection and slide preparation methods described here are simple, field portable, and might be a useful complementary tool for assessing health of other marine invertebrates, revealing heretofore unknown physiological phenomena in this animal group.
BRAND IMAGE AS A MEDIATION OF ELECTRONIC WORD OF MOUTH ON PURCHASING INTENTION OF LANEIGE
Authors: Supradita Chikita Fatimasokasari , Darpito Surpiko Hapsoro , Laksana Dwi Hari
Published: September 2020

The purpose of the study was to know and analyze the role of brand image as a mediator of the impact of the Electronic Word of Mouth on purchasing intention of Laneige’s product. A sample of 100 respondents used a purposive sampling technique. The type of test used to analyze the data was the validity and reliability test. The data analysis technique used is path analysis. The results of  the Electronic Word of Mouth study have a significant and positive effect on brand image and purchasing intention. The Brand image also has a significant and positive impact on purchasing intention and directly has a role as a mediator on the impact of Electronic Word of Mouth on purchasing intention of Laneige’s Product.Keywords: Electronic Word of Mouth; Brand Image; Purchasing Intention
Pengaruh Daya dan Waktu Terhadap Yield Hasil Ekstraksi Minyak Daun Spearmint Menggunakan Metode Microwave Assisted Extraction
Authors: Yulistiani Fitria , Azzahra Rizka Khairiyyah , Nurhafshah Yulinda Alhay
Published: September 2020

Spearmint is one type of mint that contains essential oil with carvone (60-70%) as its main component. That component causes mint’s essential oil has antioxidant, antifungal and antibacteria properties. The traditional method to produce essential oil like steam distillation has long and energy consuming processes. The aims of this research were to investigate the influence of microwave power level (100, 180 and 300 Watt) and the extraction time (5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes) used Microwave Assisted Extraction to mint oil’s yield. Furthermore, characterization determined by oil’s colour, refractive index and density. The analysis of chemical component of mint oil was done using Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The power level of microwave and extraction time influence to mint oil’s yield is proven in this research. The highest yield (5.17%) is generated at best variation of power and extraction time from the research are at 180 Watt and 15 minutes extraction time. The colour of mint oil is light yellow, refractive index value is 1.362 and density is 0.8758 gram/mL. The result of GC-MS showed that the major component of mint oil is 71% carvone.
RETRACTED: Identification of Novel SCN5A Single Nucleotide Variants in Brugada Syndrome: A Territory-Wide Study From Hong Kong
Authors: Tse Gary , Lee Sharen , Liu Tong , Yuen Ho Chuen , Wong Ian Chi Kei , Mak Chloe , Mok Ngai Shing , Wong Wing Tak
Published: September 2020

Background

The aim of this study is to report on the genetic composition of Brugada syndrome (BrS) patients undergoing genetic testing in Hong Kong.

Methods

Patients with suspected BrS who presented to the Hospital Authority of Hong Kong between 1997 and 2019, and underwent genetic testing, were analyzed retrospectively.

Results

A total of 65 subjects were included (n = 65, 88% male, median presenting age 42 [30–54] years old, 58% type 1 pattern). Twenty-two subjects (34%) showed abnormal genetic test results, identifying the following six novel, pathogenic or likely pathogenic mutations in SCN5A: c.674G > A, c.2024-11T > A, c.2042A > C, c.4279G > T, c.5689C > T, c.429del. Twenty subjects (31%) in the cohort suffered from spontaneous ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF) and 18 (28%) had incident VT/VF over a median follow-up of 83 [Q1–Q3: 52–112] months. Univariate Cox regression demonstrated that syncope (hazard ratio [HR]: 4.27 [0.95–19.30]; P = 0.059), prior VT/VF (HR: 21.34 [5.74–79.31; P < 0.0001) and T-wave axis (HR: 0.970 [0.944–0.998]; P = 0.036) achieved P < 0.10 for predicting incident VT/VF. After multivariate adjustment, only prior VT/VF remained a significant predictor (HR: 12.39 [2.97–51.67], P = 0.001).

Conclusion

This study identified novel mutations in SCN5A in a Chinese cohort of BrS patients.
Thinking Preferences and Conspiracy Belief: Intuitive Thinking and the Jumping to Conclusions-Bias as a Basis for the Belief in Conspiracy Theories
Authors: Pytlik Nico , Soll Daniel , Mehl Stephanie
Published: September 2020

Background

The belief in conspiracy theories and paranoid ideation are often treated as almost synonymous. However, there is to date no research concerning shared underlying cognitive underpinnings of belief in conspiracy theories and paranoid ideation. One potential underlying factor could be the well-known jumping to conclusion (JTC) bias, the tendency of persons with delusions to perform hasty decisions that are sometimes based on little evidence. Furthermore, a preference for a more intuitive general thinking style, as opposed to an analytical thinking style, could be an additional underlying cognitive factor of both conspiracy theories and paranoia. Thus, the aim of the present study is to investigate in a large sample of non-clinical individuals whether the JTC-bias is more pronounced in individuals who display a stronger belief in conspiracy theories and whether both are related to a more intuitive thinking preference.

Methods

We assessed the data of 519 non-clinical individuals regarding their respective approval of 20 specific conspiracy theories in an online study. Further, we assessed the JTC-bias by using a computerized variant of the beads task (fish task). Thinking preferences were measured with the Rational-Experiential Interview.

Results

Subjects who displayed the JTC-bias presented a more pronounced belief in conspiracy theories. In addition, gathering little information in the fish task before performing a decision (less draws to decision) was related to a stronger endorsement of conspiracy theories and a more intuitive thinking style (and a less analytic thinking style). Finally, a preference for intuitive thinking predicted a stronger belief in conspiracy theories in a multiple regression analysis.

Conclusions

Our results demonstrate the implication of a preference for an intuitive thinking style accompanied by a propensity to faster decision-making (JTC-bias) as possible cognitive underpinnings of beliefs in conspiracy theories. Furthermore, our study is the first to confirm the notion of the JTC-bias as a reflection of the use of an intuitive thinking style.
Seawater Culture Increases Omega-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (N-3 LC-PUFA) Levels in Japanese Sea Bass (Lateolabrax japonicus), Probably by Upregulating Elovl5
Authors: Dong Xiaojing , Wang Jianqiao , Ji Peng , Sun Longsheng , Miao Shuyan , Lei Yanju , Du Xuedi
Published: September 2020

The fatty acid compositions of the fish muscle and liver are substantially affected by rearing environment. However, the mechanisms underlying this effect have not been thoroughly described. In this study, we investigated the effects of different culture patterns, i.e., marine cage culture and freshwater pond culture, on long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) biosynthesis in an aquaculturally important fish, the Japanese sea bass (Lateolabrax japonicus). Fish were obtained from two commercial farms in the Guangdong province, one of which raises Japanese sea bass in freshwater, while the other cultures sea bass in marine cages. Fish were fed the same commercial diet. We found that omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFA) levels in the livers and muscles of the marine cage cultured fish were significantly higher than those in the livers and muscles of the freshwater pond cultured fish. Quantitative real-time PCRs indicated that fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) transcript abundance was significantly lower in the livers of the marine cage reared fish as compared to the freshwater pond reared fish, but that fatty acid elongase 5 (Elovl5) transcript abundance was significantly higher. Consistent with this, two of the 28 CpG loci in the FADS2 promoter region were heavily methylated in the marine cage cultured fish, but were only slightly methylated in freshwater pond cultured fish (n = 5 per group). Although the Elovl5 promoter was less methylated in the marine cage reared fish as compared to the freshwater pond reared fish, this difference was not significant. Thus, our results might indicate that Elovl5, not FADS2, plays an important role in the enhancing LC-PUFA synthesis in marine cage cultures.
Developing and Understanding Olfactory Evaluation of Boar Taint
Authors: Heyrman Evert , Janssens Steven , Buys Nadine , Vanhaecke Lynn , Millet Sam , Tuyttens Frank A. M. , Wauters Jella , Aluwé Marijke
Published: September 2020

Trained expert panels are used routinely in boar taint research, with varying protocols for training of panelists and scoring methods. We describe a standardized process for training and scoring, to contribute to standardize the olfactory detection of boar taint. Three experiments are described in which we (1) evaluate the importance of training and the effect of the previous sample, (2) determine detection thresholds on strips and in fat for our panel, and (3) test priming panelists before boar taint evaluation. For the final evaluation of boar taint, we propose a consistent three-person evaluation scoring on a 0–4 scale using a final mean score of 0.5 as the cut-off for boar taint. This gave an optimal sensitivity of 0.81 and a specificity of 0.56 compared to chemical cut-offs. Even limited training proved useful, but priming assessors with strips did not improve the evaluation of fat samples. Detection thresholds were higher in fat compared to strips, except for indole. We recommend panelists to always smell a non-tainted control sample after a tainted one as a ‘reset’ mechanism, before continuing. For longitudinal studies, we additionally advise to set up an expert panel with a fixed number of assessors performing each evaluation in duplicate.
A Statistical Analysis of Risk Factors and Biological Behavior in Canine Mammary Tumors: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Burrai Giovanni P. , Gabrieli Andrea , Moccia Valentina , Zappulli Valentina , Porcellato Ilaria , Brachelente Chiara , Pirino Salvatore , Polinas Marta , Antuofermo Elisabetta
Published: September 2020

Canine mammary tumors (CMTs) represent a serious issue in worldwide veterinary practice and several risk factors are variably implicated in the biology of CMTs. The present study examines the relationship between risk factors and histological diagnosis of a large CMT dataset from three academic institutions by classical statistical analysis and supervised machine learning methods. Epidemiological, clinical, and histopathological data of 1866 CMTs were included. Dogs with malignant tumors were significantly older than dogs with benign tumors (9.6 versus 8.7 years, p < 0.001). Malignant tumors were significantly larger than benign counterparts (2.69 versus 1.7 cm, p < 0.001). Interestingly, 18% of malignant tumors were smaller than 1 cm in diameter, providing compelling evidence that the size of the tumor should be reconsidered during the assessment of the TNM-WHO clinical staging. The application of the logistic regression and the machine learning model identified the age and the tumor’s size as the best predictors with an overall diagnostic accuracy of 0.63, suggesting that these risk factors are sufficient but not exhaustive indicators of the malignancy of CMTs. This multicenter study increases the general knowledge of the main epidemiologica-clinical risk factors involved in the onset of CMTs and paves the way for further investigations of these factors in association with CMTs and in the application of machine learning technology.
The Prevalence of Salmonella spp. in Two Arctic Fox (Alopex lagopus) Farms in Poland
Authors: Siemionek Jan , Przywara Konrad , Szczerba-Turek Anna
Published: September 2020

The objective of the study was to determine the occurrence of Salmonella spp. infections in two Arctic fox (Alopex lagopus) farms in Poland, and to analyse the correlations between animals that tested positive for Salmonella spp and breeding results. Faecal samples were taken from 1094 clinically healthy blue foxes from the basic stock of farms A and B. Salmonella spp. were detected in 18.06% (56/310) of the samples collected in farm A and in 15.94% (125/784) of the samples collected in farm B. All isolated strains belonged to S. enterica subsp. enterica serotypes Salmonella Saintpaul (S. Saintpaul), Salmonella Reading (S. Reading), and Salmonella Heidelberg (S. Heidelberg). All three serotypes are typically isolated from commercial poultry flocks. Salmonella spp. infections significantly increased the risk of female infertility, but further research is needed to confirm the results. This is the first report on the prevalence of S. Heidelberg, S. Saintpaul, and S. Reading in faecal samples collected from Arctic fox (Alopex lagopus) farms in Poland.
Evaluation and Optimization of the Annual Performance of a Novel Tri-Generation System Driven by Geothermal Brine in Off-Design Conditions
Authors: Akbari Kordlar Mehri , Heberle Florian , Brüggemann Dieter
Published: September 2020

The difference in heating or cooling to power ratio between required demands for district networks and the proposed tri-generation system is the most challenging issue of the system configuration and design. In this work, an adjustable, novel tri-generation system driven by geothermal resources is proposed to supply the thermal energies of a specific district network depending on ambient temperature in Germany. The tri-generation system is a combination of a modified absorption refrigeration cycle and a Kalina cycle using NH3-H2O mixture as a working fluid for the whole tri-generation system. A sensitive analysis of off-design conditions is carried out to study the effect of operational parameters on the system performances prior to optimizing its performance. The simulation show that the system is able to cover required heating and cooling demands. The optimization is applied considering the maximum exergy efficiency (scenario 1) and minimum total exergy destruction rate (scenario 2). The optimization results show that the maximum mean exergy efficiency in scenario 1 is achieved as 44.67% at the expense of 14.52% increase in the total exergy destruction rate in scenario 2. The minimum mean total exergy destruction rate in scenario 2 is calculated as 2980 kW at the expense of 8.32% decrease in the exergy efficiency in scenario 1.
Insights for Air Quality Management from Modeling and Record Studies in Cuenca, Ecuador
Authors: Parra René , Espinoza Claudia
Published: September 2020

On-road traffic is the primary source of air pollutants in Cuenca (2500 m. a.s.l.), an Andean city in Ecuador. Most of the buses in the country run on diesel, emitting high amounts of NOx (NO + NO2) and PM2.5, among other air pollutants. Currently, an electric tram system is beginning to operate in this city, accompanied by new routes for urban buses, changing the spatial distribution of the city’s emissions, and alleviating the impact in the historic center. The Ecuadorian energy efficiency law requires that all vehicles incorporated into the public transportation system must be electric by 2025. As an early and preliminary assessment of the impact of this shift, we simulated the air quality during two scenarios: (1) A reference scenario corresponding to buses running on diesel (DB) and (2) the future scenario with electric buses (EB). We used the Eulerian Weather Research and Forecasting with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) model for simulating the air quality during September, based on the last available emission inventory (year 2014). The difference in the results of the two scenarios (DB-EB) showed decreases in the daily maximum hourly NO2 (between 0.8 to 16.4 µg m−3, median 7.1 µg m−3), and in the 24-h mean PM2.5 (0.2 to 1.8 µg m−3, median 0.9 µg m−3) concentrations. However, the daily maximum 8-h mean ozone (O3) increased (1.1 to 8.0 µg m−3, median 3.5 µg m−3). Apart from the primary air quality benefits acquired due to decreases in NO2 and PM2.5 levels, and owing to the volatile organic compounds (VOC)-limited regime for O3 production in this city, modeling suggests that VOC controls should accompany future NOx reduction for avoiding increases in O3. Modeled tendencies of these pollutants when moving from the DB to EB scenario were consistent with the tendencies observed during the COVID-19 lockdown in this city, which is a unique reference for appreciating the potentiality and identifying insights for air quality improvements. This consistency supports the approach and results of this contribution, which provides early insights into the effects on air quality due to the recent operability of the electric tram and the future shift from diesel to electric buses in Cuenca.
Spatial Variation and Trend of Extreme Precipitation in West Africa and Teleconnections with Remote Indices
Authors: Diatta Samo , Diedhiou Cheikh Waly , Dione Didier Maria , Sambou Soussou
Published: September 2020

Extreme precipitation is a great concern for West Africa country, as it has serious consequence on key socio-economic activities. We use high resolution data from the Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation Stations (CHIRPS) to determine the spatial variability, trend of 8 extreme precipitation indices in West Africa and their relationship to remote indices. Spatial variability of extreme is characterized by maximum precipitation over the orographic regions, and in southern Sahel. The trend analysis shows a decrease of dry condition in Sahel and Sahara, and an increase tendency of wet indices over western Sahel and southern Sahel. The correlation analysis reveals that extreme precipitation in Sahel is strongly teleconnected to the Eastern Mediterranean Sea (EMS), whereas western and western-north Sahel is associated with both Atlantic Meridional Mode (AMM), Maiden Julian Oscillation phase 8 (MJO8), El Niño 3.4 index (NINO.3.4), and Trans-Atlantic-Pacific Ocean Dipole Index (TAPODI) but with different characteristics or directions. Guinean coast extreme precipitation is highly associated with Atlantic zone 3 SST anomaly (ATL3), Northern Cold Tongue Index (NCTI), TAPODI but also with an opposite sign with NINO.3.4 and in somewhat with the MJO8.
Prognostic Impact of Stromal Immune Infiltration before and after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy (NAC) in Triple Negative Inflammatory Breast Cancers (TNIBC) Treated with Dose-Dense Dose-Intense NAC
Authors: Campedel Luca , Blanc-Durand Paul , Bin Asker Asker , Lehmann-Che Jacqueline , Cuvier Caroline , De Bazelaire Cedric , Teixeira Luis , Becourt Stephanie , Ledoux Florence , Hocini Hamid , Bourstyn Edwige , Miquel Catherine , Guillerm Sophie , Charveriat Patrick , Espié Marc , De Roquancourt Anne , Hamy Anne-Sophie , Giacchetti Sylvie
Published: September 2020

Inflammatory breast cancers are very aggressive, and among them, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) has the worst prognosis. While many studies have investigated the association between tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) before neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and outcome in TNBC, the impact of post-NAC TIL and TIL variation in triple negative inflammatory breast cancer (TNIBC) outcome is unknown. Between January 2010 to December 2018, all patients with TNIBC seen at the breast disease unit (Saint-Louis Hospital) were treated with dose-dense dose-intense NAC. The main objective of the study was to determine factors associated with event-free survival (EFS), particularly pathological complete response (pCR), pre- and post-NAC TIL, delta TIL and post-NAC lymphovascular invasion (LVI). After univariate analysis, post-NAC LVI (HR 2.06; CI 1.13–3.74; p = 0.02), high post-NAC TIL (HR 1.81; CI 1.07–3.06; p = 0.03) and positive delta TIL (HR 2.20; CI 1.36–3.52; p = 0.001) were significantly associated with impaired EFS. After multivariate analysis, only a positive TIL variation remained negatively associated with EFS (HR 1.88; CI 1.05–3.35; p = 0.01). TNIBC patients treated with intensive NAC who present TIL enrichment after NAC have a high risk of relapse, which could be used as a prognostic marker in TNIBC and could help to choose adjuvant post-NAC treatment.
Mitosis in Cancer Cell Increases Immune Resistance via High Expression of HLA-G and PD-L1
Authors: Ullah Matti , Aoudjeghout Warda , Pimpie Cynthia , Pocard Marc , Mirshahi Massoud
Published: September 2020

Cancer is a result of “aggressive” division and uncontrolled proliferation of the abnormal cells that survive attack by immune cells. We investigated the expression of HLA-G and PD-L1 with the different stages of cancer cell division along with their role in the interaction of immune cells in vitro. Ovarian cancer (OVCAR-3) and chronic myeloid leukemia cell line (K-562) are used for this study. The correlation of protein expression with percentage of cells in each phase (G1, S and G2 phase) was evaluated through FACS. Cells were synchronized in G1, G2 and mitotic phase to evaluate gene (RT-qPCR) and protein expression (FACS). Real-time immune cell attack (RTICA) analysis with PBMCs (peripheral blood mono-nuclear cells) and cancer cells were performed. We found that cells expressing higher levels of HLA-G and PD-L1 are mainly in G2 phase and those expressing lower levels are mainly in G1 phase. Evidently, the higher expression of the two proteins was observed when synchronized in mitotic phase as compared to low expression when synchronized in G1 phase. RTICA analysis showed the presence of HLA-G delayed the lysis of the cells. In conclusion, the cancer cell can escape from immune cells in division stage that suggests the impact of mitosis index for cancer immunotherapy.
Predicting Response to Immunotherapy in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Tucker Matthew D. , Rini Brian I.
Published: September 2020

Immunotherapy-based combinations, driven by PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4 inhibitors, has altered the treatment landscape for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Despite significant improvements in clinical outcomes, many patients do not experience deep or lasting benefits. Recent efforts to determine which patients are most likely to benefit from immunotherapy and immunotherapy-based combinations have shown promise but have not yet affected clinical practice. PD-L1 expression via immunohistochemistry (IHC) has shown promise in a few clinical trials, although variations in the IHC assays as well as the use of different values for positivity presents unique challenges for this potential biomarker. Several other candidate biomarkers were investigated including tumor mutational burden, gene expression signatures, single gene mutations, human endogenous retroviruses, the gastrointestinal microbiome, and peripheral blood laboratory markers. While individually these biomarkers have yet to explain the heterogeneity of treatment response to immunotherapy, using aggregate information from these biomarkers may inform clinically useful predictive biomarkers.