bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cardiac Amyloidosis: Internist and Cardiologist Insight
Authors: Reznik E. V. , Nguyen T. L. , Stepanova E. A. , Ustyuzhanin D. V. , Nikitin I. G.
Published: December 2020

Cardiac amyloidosis (amyloid cardiomyopathy) is a disease damage to the heart caused by extracellular amyloid deposition. In some cases, there may be local damage to the structures of the heart, for example, the atria; more often, heart damage is part of a systemic (generalized) pathology. Depending on the amyloid precursor protein, 36 types of amyloidosis are described, among which hereditary and acquired forms are distinguished. Cardiac amyloidosis is diagnosed 1) in the case of the amyloid infiltration in the myocardial bioptates or 2) in the case of non-cardiac amyloid deposition and the left ventricular wall thickening >12 mm without arterial hypertension and other reasons. The heart is most often affected in AL-, ATTR-, AA-, AANF-types of amyloidosis. Cardiac amyloidosis should be considered in patients with a heart failure with an unclear etiology, especially with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction, refractory to treatment, with proteinuria and CKD 4-5, in patients with idiopathic atrial fibrillation and conduction disturbances, in patients with left ventricular wall thickening of unclear etiology, low ECG voltage, unexplained arterial hypotension and pulmonary hypertension. Screening for cardiac amyloidosis should include non-invasive methods such as electrophoresis and immunofixation of blood and urine proteins, the free light lambda and kappa chains of immunoglobulins, 99Tc-DPD scintigraphy, genetic testing (if hereditary variants of amyloidosis are suspected), as well as a histological examination of biopsy samples stained with Congo red and polarizing microscopy.
Model for Prediction of Left Ventricular Myocardial Hypertrophy in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Gorbunova M. V. , Babak S. L. , Borovitsky V. S. , Naumenko Zh. K. , Malyavin A. G.
Published: December 2020

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is diagnosed in 25% of adults and associated with high fatal risks of cardiovascular complications. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is recognized as one of the markers of such risks. In this study, we attempted to create a mathematical model for predicting LVH among OAS patients with various levels of disease severity.

Materials and methods. In a prospective cohort study, we included 368 patients (358 male; age 46.0 [42.0; 49.0] yr.) with diagnosed OSA, arterial hypertension, grade I-II obesity (WHO classification 1997). The severity of sleep apnea was verified during nighttime computed somnography (CSG) on WatchPAT-200 hardware (ItamarMedical, Israel) with original software zzzPATTMSW ver. 5.1.77.7 (ItamarMedical, Israel) by registering the main respiratory polygraphic characteristics from 11.00 PM to 7:30 AM. Verification of LVH was performed in one- and two-dimensional modes in standard echocardiographic positions using Xario-200 ultrasound scanner (Toshiba, Japan) with 3.5 MHz transducer. Hemodynamic parameters of left ventricular (LV) systolic function (EF %, ESV, EDV) were determined by quantitative assessment of two-dimensional echocardiograms using the modified Simpson method. Evaluation of the systolic function of the right ventricle (RV) was performed in the «M»-mode by measuring the systolic excursion of the fibrous ring of the tricuspid valve (TAPSE).

Results. ESS and TSat90% (AUC = 0.975; SD = 0.00741; CI 95% [0.953; 0.988]) should be considered the best predictors for predicting LVH in various degrees of OSA severity, allowing us to offer a predictive model with a sensitivity of 93.7% and specificity of 93.8%, after conducting a questionnaire screening and computer somnographic study.

Conclusions. Our proposed model of clinical prediction of LVH among patients with various degrees of OAS is based on a carefully planned analysis of questionnaire and instrumental data, and is well applicable in real diagnostic procedures by a wide range of therapeutic practitioners.
PERBEDAAN KEMATANGAN SOSIAL ANAK DITINJAU DARI PENDIDIKAN DAN JENIS KELAMIN
Authors: Renanda Shinta
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini untuk menguji perbedaan kematangan sosial anak playgroup dan anak TK ditinjau dari jenis kelamin laki-laki dan perempuan. Subjek penelitian adalah 48 siswa di RA Syarif Hidayatullah Batu dimana sampel yang diambil adalah 30 anak playgroup dan 18 anak TK. Data  dikumpulkan melalui angket kematangan sosial. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif, dan menggunakan anova dua jalur (two ways anova) . Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh  dan pengumpulan datan menggunakan skala likert, dengan program SPSS versi 20,0. Hasil analisis menunjukan adanya perbedaan kematangan sosial anak playgroup dan anak TK sebesar P (0,00 < 0.05) dan ada perbedaan kematangan sosial anak dilihat dari jenis kelamin laki–laki dan perempuan sebesar P (0,030  < 0.05) .
GAMBARAN PENYEBAB TABLE-LITTERING DI KANTIN PADA LINGKUNGAN UNIVERSITAS
Authors: Megariza Megariza , Sekarasih Laras
Published: December 2020

Sampah dan perilaku membuang sampah sembarangan merupakan masalah yang dapat memiliki implikasi kesehatan, estetika, dan sosial. Salah satu bagian dari perilaku menyampah yang belum banyak dibahas dan diintervensi adalah perilaku table-littering, yaitu meninggalkan perlengkapan makan kotor di meja makan kantin atau restoran setelah makan. Perilaku ini menyebabkan kantin atau restoran menjadi kotor dan berantakan. Selain itu, jika ada peralatan makan kotor di meja makan, maka akan menghambat pelanggan selanjutnya yang akan makan di meja tersebut. Belum banyak penelitian yang membahas tentang perilaku ini dan penyebab-penyebabnya. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan penyebab pengunjung kantin melakukan table-littering serta persepsi pengunjung kantin mengenai penyediaan bussing station sebagai opsi solusi untuk mengurangi table-littering. Wawancara semi-terstruktur dilakukan terhadap 20 mahasiswa, 8 penjual makanan di kantin, dan 4 petugas kebersihan. Analisis tema terhadap respons partisipanmenunjukkan lima alasan sebagai penyebab littering: malas, terburu-buru, merasa bahwa membereskan meja adalah tanggung jawab petugas kebersihan, tidak terbiasa, dan lupa. Penyediaan bussingstationdipersepsi sebagai opsi mengurangi table-litteringdi kantin lingkungan universitas.
Kajian Cemaran Timbal (Pb) pada Tambak Tradisional Ikan Bandeng (Chanos chanos)
Authors: Awaluddin Awaluddin , Kabangnga Arnold , Noor Rahmat Januar
Published: December 2020

Sistem budidaya yang dikembangkan oleh pembudidaya tradisional di kecamatan Bungoro, Kabupaten Pangkep umumnya berada di pesisir sekitar kawasan pusat kegiatan antropogenik masyarakat seperti permukiman, kawasan pelabuhan dan industri. Aktifitas ini akan mempengaruhi input air ke dalam tambak yang rentan terhadap pencemaran logam Timbal (Pb). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar Timbal (Pb) pada air dan sedimen pada tambak tradisional ikan bandeng di Kecamatan Bungoro, Kabupaten Pangkep, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif yang merancang penelitian untuk mendapat kejelasan tentang konsentrasi logam timbal (Pb) pada sampel yang diuji. Lokasi pengambilan sampel ditentukan dengan metode purposive sampling pada 3 stasiun pengamatan, yaitu: tambak pesisir, tambak sekitar pabrik PT. Semen Tonasa, dan tambak sekitar pemukiman. Analisis kadar logam (Pb) pada air dan sedimen dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrofotometric) dan mengacu pada SNI 6989:8:2009. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cemaran logam Timbal (Pb) pada air tambak tradisional semua stasiun telah melebihi ambang batas yang dipersyaratkan. Konsentrasi logam Timbal (Pb) dalam sedimen relative masih dibawah baku mutu.
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kepatuhan Pasien Tuberkulosis Paru Terhadap Obat Anti Tuberkulosis
Authors: Rosadi Dian
Published: December 2020

Tuberkulosis (TB) merupakan penyakit dengan risiko penularan yang tinggi. Berdasarkan Laporan Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan tahun 2017 ditemukan 6.656 kasus / 10.177 kasus dugaan, data tertinggi per Puskesmas di Banjarmasin pada Puskesmas Pekauman dengan penemuan kasus TB Paru sebanyak 94 orang, dengan penderita kambuh sebanyak 3 orang dan sebanyak 7 orang meninggal di tahun 2018. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengklarifikasi hubungan umur, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, efek samping pengobatan, pengetahuan, sikap petugas kesehatan dengan kepatuhan minum obat anti tuberculosis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional, dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 45 pasien dan sampel sebanyak 30 pasien. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner. Analisis data bivariat dengan uji Fisher Exact karena tidak memenuhi uji Chi-Square yaitu data berdistribusi normal, nilai ekspektasi frekuensi <5 dan lebih dari 20%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variabel pengetahuan (p value = 0,019) berhubungan dengan kepatuhan minum obat anti tuberkulosis. Sedangkan variabel jenis kelamin (p value = 1.000) tidak berhubungan dengan kepatuhan minum obat anti tuberkulosis. Semakin tinggi pengetahuan pasien maka akan semakin tinggi tingkat kepatuhan dalam minum obat anti tuberkulosis.
PENGARUH MINAT MENJADI GURU TERHADAP KEBIASAAN BELAJAR MAHASISWA
Authors: Hartini Muna , Setiti Sri , Hasanah Mahmudah
Published: December 2020

Minat akan membentuk keberagaman belajar pada setiap mahasiswa sehingga membentuk kebiasaan pada setiap mahasiswa dalam belajarnya. Keberagaman tersebut tergantung individu masing-masing dalam belajar untuk mengembangkan minatnya pada profesi guru. Tujuan penelitian untuk: (1) Mengetahui minat mahasiswa pada profesi guru. (2) Mengetahui kebiasaan mahasiswa dalam belajar. (3) Mengetahui minat mahasiswa pada profesi guru yang mempunyai pengaruh pada kebiasaan mahasiswa dalam belajar. Kegunaan dalam penelitian ini untuk mengetahui data dilapangan sesuai kenyataan yang dihitungan menggunakan kuantitatif untuk menjawab hasil sebuah penelitian. Sampel yang diambil 160 menggunakan teknik acak sederhana (Simple Random Sampling) dengan rumus Slovin. Data yang diambil menggunakan kuesioner dan hasil jawaban responden dijadikan dokumentasi. Penganalisisan penelitian menggunakan teknik analisis regresi linier sederhana.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) Minat mahasiswa pada profesi guru dengan persentase sebesar 79,39% berada pada kategori tinggi dilihat dari hasil sub variabel yaitu adanya wawasan dan informasi pada profesi guru, adanya perasaan senang, ketertarikan dan perhatian pada profesi guru serta keinginan, usaha dan keyakinan terhadap profesi guru. (2) kebiasaan mahasiswa belajar dengan persentase sebesar 71,85% berada pada kategori tinggi dilihat dari hasil sub variabel yaitu teknik mengikuti kuliah, teknik belajar mandiri di rumah, teknik belajar kelompok, teknik mempelajari buku pelajaran, teknik menghadapi ujian, membuat jadwal dan pelaksanaannya dan mengerjakan tugas. (3) adanya pengaruh minat mahasiswa pada profesi guru dengan kebiasaan belajar dengan nilai product moment rxy 0,290 berada pada interval 0,20-0,399 berada pada kategori rendah dilihat dari model summary pada hasil analisis regresi linier sederhana.Kata Kunci: Minat Menjadi Guru, Kebiasaan Belajar
Efektivitas Pengalaman Praktik Kerja Industri dan Motivasi Memasuki Dunia Kerja Terhadap Kesiapan Kerja Peserta Didik pada Kelas XII Program Keahlian Akuntansi SMK Nahdlatul Ulama Banjarmasin
Authors: Sari Nurmaya , Hadi Rizali , Permatasari Melly Agustina
Published: December 2020

Penelitian yang  ini ialah agar mengetahui pengaruh prakerin dan motivasi kepada kesiapan kerja. Metode penelitian yang ini memakai metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan sampel terdiri dari 79 siswa tahun ajaran 2016-2017 yang sedang magang atau melakukan prakerin pada program keahlian akuntansi. Sementara itu untuk Instrumen penelitian menggunakan angket dengan uji validitas sebanyak 33 butir soal. Pengaruh antara perbandingan pengalaman prakerin terhadap kesiapan kerja ditunjukkan oleh regressi koefisien Ry1,2,3,4 = 0,666 (p<0,01) dengan determinasi 44,00% dan didapati hubungan signifikansi dengan nilai korelasi koefisien rxy=0,66 (p<0.01). Pengaruh antara perbandingan motivasi memasuki dunia kerja terhadap kesiapan kerja ditunjukkan oleh regressi koefisien Ry1,2,3,4,5 = 0,474 (p<0,01) dengan determinasi 22,00% dan terdapat hubungan yang signifikansi senilai korelasi koefisien rxy=0,40 (p<0.01). Setelah dilakukan pengendalian variabel lain, diperoleh koefisien  korelasi parsial terdapat tidak signifikansi diantara kedua variabel pada kesiapan kerja. Maka hal ini berarti bahwa kesiapan kerja tidak hanya ditentukan oleh kedua variabel tersebut, melainkan bahwa variabel tersebut saling menunjang. Kata Kunci: Prakerin, Motivasi, Kesiapan Kerja
Formulation and Evaluation of Rapimelt Tablet of
Anti-Vertigo Drug (Lorazepam)
Authors: Kadu B. M. , Bhasme S. , Bawankar R. D. , Mundhada D. R.
Published: December 2020

A. Rapimelt tablet of Lorazepam was prepared by direct compression method
using Indion 414, Cross Carmellose Sodium and sodium starch glycolate as superdisintegrants
with aim to get rapid onset of action, improve bioavailability and to give pleasant taste and
better mouth feel. The tablets prepared were evaluated for various parameters like various
density parameters, thickness, hardness, friability, disintegration time, wetting time and invitro
dissolution time and were found to be within limits as per Indian Pharmacopoeia. FT-IR
spectra of physical mixture of Lorazepam with Indion 414showedretention of basic peaks of
Lorazepam. The developed formulation of Lorazepam batch F5 (10% Indion 414) showed
good palatability and dispersed within 30 seconds as compared to Crosscarmellose Sodium
batches F1-F3 and Sodium starch glycolate batches F6-F9.
Method Development and Validation of Quantitative
Estimation of Vilazodone Hydrochloride by UV and RP-HPLC
Authors: Nallathambi Gayathri , Sekar V , kumar.M Surendra
Published: December 2020

The aim of the study is to develop some new analytical method development and
Validation of Quantitative Estimation of Anti-depressant Drug Vilazodone by UV and HPLC was
found to be simple, specific, precise, accurate, rapid and economical. The method was developed
and validated as per ICH guidelines, concerning accuracy, precision, linearity, ruggedness, limit of
detection, limit of quantification and robustness and forced degradation studies. The GRACE
ODS phenyl column (4.6 x 150mm,5μm) column was maintained at an ambient temperature and
232 nm λ max conditions. The mixture of di-potassium hydrogen phosphate with buffer (pH 7.4)
and methanol in proportion 60:40v/v mobile phase was used in the flow rate of 1 ml/min. All
validation methods shows good reproducibility and good recovery. The mean recoveries was found
in the range between 99.6-99.9%. with % RSD values were within 2. The limit of detection and
limit of quantification were found to be 0.05 μg/ml and 0.01 μg/ml respectively. The method
was found to be having suitable application in routine laboratory analysis with high degree of
accuracy and precision.
A Survey on Oral Antidiabetic Drugs available in Market for
Non-complicated Diabetic Patients within Ratnagiri Region
Authors: Agrawal M. Y , Agrawal Y. P , Pedhavi A , Hanmante G , Sharma K.
Published: December 2020

Background: This survey was designed to analyze the current oral anti-diabetic
drugs prescribed for non-complicated diabetic patients within Ratnagiri region on the basis of
variation in prices of same drug available in different brands. Methods: The present survey has
been conducted for a period of 4 months involving number of medical stores in Ratnagiri,
Maharashtra, Doctors and Patients with randomly evaluating around 650 prescriptions. A
standard questionnaire was prepared containing different questions; based on patient’s data
(such as age, gender, disease history and medications), Doctor’s data (commonly prescribed
drug, combination) and chemist data (available alternatives, cost and most selling brands).
Results: Statistical analysis of patients data revels that there were 47.5% patients are in
between the ages of 50 to 60 years and 92.5 % patient depends on oral antidiabetic drugs.
Hypertension was the most common complication found among them (54%). Data from
Doctor’s during survey suggested Metformin as mostly prescribed drug to patients having type-
II Diabetes Mellitus as a single entity or in fixed dose combinations with Glimiperide or
Gliclazide. An exhaustive survey over medical shops revealed that many brands of Metformin
and Metformin in combination with Glimiperide or Gliclazide are available in market, but
Glycomate (Metformin), Glycomate GP-1 (Metformin and Glimiperide) and Glizid-M
(Metformin and Gliclazide) is mostly prescribed by Doctors and sold by Chemist though their
cheapest alternatives are available in market. Cost analysis indicates that, wide variation in
price of several brands (75-87 %) for oral anti-diabetics. Annual Turnover of these products in
Indian domestic market indicates dominance of USV Pvt. Ltd. and Mankind Ltd. over other
Pharmaceutical companies. Conclusions: This report will create better awareness among
people for the availability of various brands of same anti-diabetic drug and also motivate our
physicians to prescribe the economic products.
Effect of Ultraviolet Radiation on the Expression of Drug Transporters in In Vitro Skin Models
Authors: Barthe Manon , Thénot Jean-Paul , Osman-Ponchet Hanan
Published: December 2020

The majority of skin cancers are caused by over exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The effects of UV radiation on the expression of drug transporters expressed in human skin has never been studied. In this the effects of UVA and UVB irradiation on the expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and Solute carrier (SLC) transporters was evaluated in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) and normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) in primary culture. First experiments were intended to validate the inflammatory reaction in response to stimulation by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in NHEK, NHDF and 3D-reconstructed human epidermis (3D-RHE) model. LPS treatment has shown to increase the expression of IL-8 and TNF-alpha in all three in vitro models. Expression of the most expressed ABC and SLC transporters was then measured in NHEK and NHDF after UVA (30 J/m²) and UVB (40 mJ/m²) irradiation. The most striking result was a significant 29-fold increase of the expression of SLCO4A1 in normal human dermal fibroblasts. In summary, this study shows for the first time a significant regulation of the expression of SLCO4A1 in human dermal fibroblasts induced by UVA irradiation. This finding is of particular interest as most of skin cancers are caused by over exposure to ultraviolet radiation and need to be considered in pharmacokinetic evaluation of topical drugs.
Potensi penggunaan limbah ikan leubiem (Chanthidermis maculatus) sebagai sumber protein dalam ransum terhadap produktivitas itik petelur
Authors: Daud Muhammad , Yaman Muhammad Aman , Zulfan Zulfan
Published: December 2020

Tujuan: Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji potensi penggunaan limbah ikan leubiem (Chanthidermis maculatus) sebagai sumber protein dalam formulasi ransum terhadap produktivitas itik petelur. Limbah ikan leubiem yang digunakan adalah: tepung kulit, tulang, kepala dan insang yang diformulasikan dalam ransum basal itik petelur.

Metode: Metode penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri atas 5 perlakuan ransum dan 4 kali ulangan. Perlakuan ransum yang digunakan adalah: R0 (ransum basal kontrol/tanpa limbah ikan leubiem), R1 (ransum basal mengandung 10% tepung kulit ikan leubiem), R2 (ransum basal mengandung 10% tepung kepala ikan leubiem), R3 (ransum basal mengandung 10% tepung tulang ikan leubiem) dan R4 (ransum basal mengandung 10% tepung insang ikan leubiem). Variabel yang diamati yaitu: konsumsi ransum, bobot badan pertama bertelur, pertambahan bobot badan, umur pertama bertelur, bobot telur pertama, produksi telur, konversi ransum, bobot badan akhir dan indeks bentuk telur. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji jarak berganda Duncan.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan limbah ikan leubiem dalam ransum memberi pengaruh yang signifikan (p<0,05) terhadap konsumsi ransum, bobot badan pertama bertelur, pertambahan bobot badan, produksi telur, konversi ransum, dan bobot badan akhir, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap umur pertama bertelur, bobot telur pertama dan indeks bentuk telur.
Kesimpulan: Kesimpulan penelitian adalah penggunaan limbah ikan leubiem (kulit, kepala, tulang dan insang) dalam formulasi ransum tidak memberi efek negatif terhadap produktivitas itik petelur, dan sangat berpotensi digunakan sebagai salah satu bahan penyusun ransum sumber protein dalam formulasi ransum itik petelur umur 21-29 minggu.
Pemodelan usaha ternak Kambing Senduro menuju penguatan kelembagaan korporasi di Kabupaten Lumajang
Authors: Soetriono Soetriono , Hapsari Triana Dewi , Muhlis Abdullah
Published: December 2020

Tujuan: Pedoman pengembangan kawasan pertanian berbasis korporasi petani tercantum dalam Peraturan Menteri Pertanian Republik Indonesia Nomor 18/PERMENTAN/RC.040/4/2018 yang bertujuan untuk memperkuat sistem usaha ternak secara utuh dalam satu manajemen kawasan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui sistem agribisnis dan pemodelan pada usaha ternak Kambing Senduro.

Metode: Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Agustus 2019 di Kecamatan Senduro Kabupaten Lumajang. Responden terdiri dari peternak berjumlah 15 orang, pedagang pengumpul berjumlah 1 orang dan pemilik Agroindustri Goatzilla berjumlah 1 orang yang ditentukan secara Snowball Sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif, nilai tambah metode Hayami dan margin pemasaran.

Hasil: 1a) Subsistem input produksi terdiri dari bibit, pakan, dan tenaga kerja, 1b) Subsistem usaha ternak terdiri dari pembersihan kandang, pemberian pakan dan penanganan penyakit, 1c) Subsistem pengolahan menjadi susu pasteurisasi, yogurt, dan kefir memiliki nilai tambah yang positif, 1d) Subsistem pemasaran terdiri dari peternak, pedagang pengumpul dan agroindustri, 1e) Subsistem sarana penunjang didukung oleh Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Lumajang. 2) Pemodelan pada usaha ternak Kambing Senduro terdiri dari lembaga utama (peternak, kelompok ternak, pedagang pengumpul, agroindustri, dan konsumen) dan lembaga pendukung (dinas pertanian dan perdagangan, perguruan tinggi, serta lembaga keuangan).
Kesimpulan: Sistem agribinis pada usaha ternak Kambing Senduro terdiri dari subsistem input produksi, usaha ternak, pengolahan, pemasaran, dan sarana penunjang, yang dilakukan oleh lembaga utama maupun pendukung yang ada pada pemodelan usaha ternak Kambing Senduro.
Strategi pemanfaatan limbah tanaman pangan sebagai sumber pakan ternak sapi potong di Kabupaten Situbondo
Authors: Rahayu Endang Tri , Handayanta Eka , Oktaviana Rika Suwistin
Published: December 2020

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan strategi yang dapat diterapkan dalam pemanfaatan limbah tanaman pangan sebagai sumber pakan ternak sapi potong di Kabupaten Situbondo.

Metode: Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari-Maret 2016 di Kabupaten Situbondo. Penentuan lokasi penelitian dilakukan secara purposive sampling dengan pertimbangan daerah tersebut memiliki populasi ternak sapi potong sebanyak 190.993 ekor serta produksi limbah pertanian dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pakan ternak. Pengambilan responden juga dilakukan secara purposive sampling sebanyak 100 responden yang memiliki ternak sapi potong minimal 1 ekor, pengalaman beternak minimal 2 tahun. Sampel institusi diambil dari instansi pemerintah dan swasta terkait sebanyak 10 responden secara convenience sampling. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis secara deskriptif dan analisis SWOT secara kualitatif serta kuantitatif.

Hasil: Hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukkan umur responden produktif, tingkat pendidikan rendah, status pekerjaan petani, status kepemilikan ternak kurang dari 3 ekor, pengalaman beternak lebih dari 15 tahun dan menggunakan limbah tanaman pangan sebagai pakan. Hasil analisis matriks SWOT menunjukkan faktor internal sebesar 0,553 (x) dan faktor eksternal sebesar 0,825 (y). Strategi yang sesuai berada pada kuadran 1 yaitu menggunakan kekuatan untuk memanfaatkan peluang dan keuntungan.
Kesimpulan: Sebanyak 95% responden menggunakan limbah tanaman pangan sebagai pakan ternak sapi potong. Strategi yang tepat dalam pemanfaatan limbah tanaman pangan sebagai pakan ternak sapi potong di Kabupaten Situbondo berada pada kuadran I. Fokus strategi yang diterapkan yaitu strategi strength opportunity (SO) dengan mendukung kebijakan pertumbuhan yang agresif (growth oriented strategy) yaitu menggunakan kekuatan untuk memperoleh peluang dan keuntungan dalam pemanfaatan limbah tanaman pangan sebagai pakan ternak sapi potong.
CONTRIBUTION OF COMBINED RISK FACTORS INTO DEVELOPMENT OF CHRONIC NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
Authors:   Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia, Kobyakova O.S. , Starovoitova E.A. ,   Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia, Tolmachev I.V. ,   Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia, Brazovsky K.S. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia, Deev I.A. ,   Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia, Kulikov E.S. ,   Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia, Almikeeva A.A. ,   Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia, Fayzulina N.M. ,   Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia, Balaganskaya M.A. ,   Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
Published: December 2020

Increased prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCD) and increased related mortality stimulate development of effective methods of their prevention. To date, there are little data on the combined effect of various risk factors on the development of a particular chronic disease, and how much the risk of developing chronic non-communicable diseases increases or decreases with a different combination of risk factors. Purpose. To assess contribution of the combined effect of risk factors into the development of chronic NCD using the method of neural network. Material and methods. Data on 9505 visitors seeking care at the Tomsk health centers were analyzed. To build a multidimensional decision-making model, the authors used the multi-layer perceptron algorithm implemented on the IBM Watson platform. Results. The highest accuracy of disease recognition in the test sample added up to 95.8% for diabetes mellitus. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (84.5%) and coronary heart disease (80.4%) rank second. Lower accuracy was registered for such diseases as asthma (73.6%) and arterial hypertension (73.3%). For the development of diabetes mellitus, such factors as patient’s age, level of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and body mass index (BMI) are equally important. Smoking and gender are identified as the most significant factors for the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The most significant contribution to the development of arterial hypertension is made by body mass index only. Age and BMI turned out to be most significant for coronary heart disease and arterial hypertension. Conclusion. Use of the neural network method makes it possible to determine contribution of risk factors to the development of chronic ICD, to predict the risk of developing a disease depending on the combination of risk factors and to carry out preventive measures in a personalized manner, taking into account clinical situation of every person. Scope of application. The results of the study can be used by managers of medical organizations to optimize approaches to preventive activities. Keywords: risk factors; chronic non-communicable diseases; neural networks
LAUNCH OF NATIONAL PROJECTS IN DEMOGRAPHY AND HEALTHCARE: REGIONAL FEATURES
Authors:   Institute for Demographic Research - Branch of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Ivanova A.E. ,   Research Institute of Medical Management and Health Organization of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2020

National projects were adopted in 2018, including in demography and healthcare. The purpose of the study is to evaluate effectiveness of the first-year implementation of these National projects by main target indicators affecting life expectancy of the population. The study hypothesis. We can expect that if the measures and monitoring system of their implementation are effective, the 2019 dynamics in the target indicators will be more positive compared to the previous years. The previous five-year period (2013-2018) was used as a comparison base. Material and methods. The author used age-specific and standardized rates of mortality from neoplasms and diseases of the circulatory system among the working-age population, as well as life expectancy indicators in all regions of the Russian Federation in 2019 and 2013-2018. For the period 2013-2018 the average annual rate of increase/decrease in mortality was calculated. Results. Comparison of the 2019 dynamics in life expectancy and in the period preceding the implementation of the National projects shows ambiguous results. Dynamics in life expectancy in 2019 in 41 regions among males and in 36 regions among females was less positive (or even negative) compared to the average annual changes in the indicator in 2013-2018. Geographically, more positive dynamics was registered in the North-West, Central Russia, Volga and, in part, Ural regions among both males and females, while the negative trend was more characteristic of the Siberia and Far East regions. Conclusion. The sources of inefficient implementation of the National projects (in terms of life expectancy) in almost half of the Russian regions are associated with the lack of progress on key priorities: diseases of the circulatory system, neoplasms and mortality among the working-age population. Keywords: National project; mortality; life expectancy; working age; diseases of the circulatory system; neoplasms
A Survey Method on Groundwater Sources and Preferential Flow Paths In Urban Limestone-Based Residential Districts
Authors: Xue Yiguo , Zhang Kai , Su Maoxin , Xia Teng , Zhao Ying , Wang Peng
Published: December 2020

Residential districts dominated by limestone are likely to be impacted by undesirable groundwater seepage accidents. Such groundwater seepage can generally give rise to loss of life and property. To control groundwater seepage, increasingly accurate and reliable methods for surveying are becoming indispensable. We proposed a survey method to confirm groundwater sources and preferential flow paths in urban limestone-based residential districts via ground penetrating radar (GPR) and time domain electromagnetic method (TDEM). Firstly, we established the geophysical exploration plan after careful analysis of available hydrogeological survey data including terrain, stratum distribution and water table. Survey lines were designed parallel to existing urban roads and perpendicular to the ground. Next, we used GPR and TDEM to detect gravels in the permeable layer and water-rich regions in the aquifer. Drilling method was adopted for comparisons to resulting images. Finally, integrated interpretation indicated accurate measures of groundwater sources, main preferential flow paths and the preliminary classification of groundwater leakage risk in a study region. The feasibility and effectiveness of the GPR and TDEM survey method were verified in the hydrogeological survey at the Lingxiucheng Residential District in China, where a thick limestone layer existed and groundwater leakage accidents had occurred in basements of houses. The method had high reliability for limestone topographies and was improved to be an effective and low-cost solution to overcome physical limitations of existent buildings and traffic jams in urban areas. Therefore, our research can be extended to similar projects and related problems to help better map urban limestone-based residential districts and reduce groundwater seepage.
CO2 Injection Monitoring Using Transient Electromagnetic in Ground-Borehole Configuration
Authors: Li Kai , Sun Huaifeng , Cheng Ming , Guo Jianlei
Published: December 2020

Using geophysical methods, specifically transient electromagnetic (TEM), for CO2 monitoring is an effective way to detect CO2 diffusion. In this work, a multi-scale finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) algorithm was established to monitor CO2 by defining new iterative relations and approximating boundary conditions, which achieves unification in the time and space domain. The response curve characteristics of different forms of CO2 were acquired by changing the receiver's depth and position, CO2 resistivity, scale, and injection stage. Different models considering a planar, tilted, and large-scale CO2 bodies, which were established to test the capacity of TEM monitoring for CO2. The TEM response of injected CO2 bodies had obvious characteristics and the response curve had distinguishable differences from background. This phenomenon could provide reference models for real TEM CO2 monitoring.
The WARR Machine: System Design, Implementation and Data
Authors: Diamanti Nectaria , Elliott E. Judith , Jackson Steven R. , Annan A. Peter
Published: December 2020

In this paper, we describe a ground penetrating radar (GPR) system called the wide angle reflection and refraction (WARR) machine, outline the design and discuss the implementation challenges. WARR and the closely related common-mid-point (CMP) GPR soundings have been standard survey methods to measure velocity since GPR first existed. Earliest efforts demonstrated the variation in ice sheet velocity versus depth. Although GPR multi-offset soundings are valuable survey methods, they have seen little adoption since many systems are not bistatic. In addition, surveys most often use a single transmitter with a single receiver deployed sequentially at varying antenna separations, making data acquisition slow.

Modern instrumentation with recent advances in GPR timing and control technology has enabled deployment of systems with multiple concurrent sampling receivers. This development has resulted in the ability to continuously acquire multi-offset WARR data at the same rate as two dimensional (2D) common offset reflection surveys in the past. The concomitant issues of survey design plus organizing the WARR data storage, documentation and analysis present numerous challenges. The extraction of velocity information from the large volumes of GPR WARR/CMP data demands automated analysis techniques. We have explored the use of normal move out (NMO) stacking at creating enhanced zero offset section from multi-offset data. Furthermore, we investigated the use of semblance analysis at estimating move-out velocities in order to apply in the NMO stack. These traditional seismic processing steps have proven to be less effective with GPR. These conclusions point to the differences in data character between seismic and GPR. Results of in-field deployment are used to illustrate advances to date and point the way to further advancements.
Physical Properties and Structure of the Near Subsurface in the Săcel Area, Romania, from Shallow Seismic Measurements
Authors: Panea Ionelia
Published: December 2020

Results are presented for shallow seismic reflection measurements performed southwest of Săcel village in Romania for the purpose of obtaining information about the geological structure in the near subsurface. The P-wave and S-wave velocity distributions were also obtained below the soil surface. The measurements were performed along a nearly linear profile on the top of an elongated hill. Most of the shot gathers were characterized by a good signal-to-noise ratio. A depth-converted migrated section was obtained after the processing of shot gathers, on which an image of sedimentary deposits with various thicknesses, separated by shallow faults until a depth of about 80 m, were observed. The P-wave and S-wave velocity-depth models for two segments were of considerable interest for a geotechnical study proposed for the construction of a windmill park. The two- and three-layered P-wave velocity-depth models were comparable until depths of about 10 m after first-arrival traveltime inversions. The lateral variations in the subsurface geological structure and lithology reflected the variations in the P-wave velocity values from both models. The S-wave velocity-depth models for comparable depth intervals were similar to those from the P-wave velocity-depth models. Reliable S-wave velocity distributions were obtained after inversion of fundamental-mode and higher-mode surface waves.
Tunnel Prospecting Based on Integrated Interpretation of Geophysical Data: Xiangyun Tunnel, Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Chen Lei , Zhang Fengkai , Ren Yuxiao , Xu Xinji , Yang Zhichao , Li Ming
Published: December 2020

With China's expanding economy, many tunnels are being designed and constructed. However, tunneling in hazardous geologic terrain, with faults, fractures, water-bearing openings, and other adverse geological conditions, construction safety is seriously endangered. To ensure the safety of tunnel construction, a tunnel geological prospecting method was proposed and applied at the Xiangyun Tunnel in Yunnan Province, China. In the investigation stage, the engineering geological and hydrogeological conditions were analyzed to recognize high-risk sections. In the construction stage, the “tunnel ahead” prospecting scheme was optimized based on the macroscopic geological conditions. Geological mapping of the tunnel, seismic ahead prospecting and transient electromagnetic soundings were employed as well as resistivity models to image potential adverse conditions. Horizontal drilling and tunnel excavation records verified the geophysical predictions and interpretations.
Análise temporal de NDVI sobre a cobertura vegetal da Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA) Costa Brava em Balneário Camboriú (SC)
Authors: Baptista Marina
Published: December 2020

A Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA) Costa Brava, criada em 12 de julho de 2000, pelo decreto n°1.985 e instituída como Unidade de Conservação (UC) através do decreto n° 9.985 dispõe da legislação para o gerenciamento das questões ambientais. Localizada no perímetro urbano do município de Balneário Camboriú (SC), apresenta um ecossistema com alto destaque ambiental, além de ser uma região de interesse da população, com intenso uso como área recreativa e de grande valor comercial para empreendimentos imobiliários, fatores que contribuem para o monitoramento constante da Área de Proteção Ambiental. O Índice de Vegetação por Diferença Normalizada (NDVI) relaciona a absorção e reflexão do tecido vegetal identificando a densidade da biomassa e a saúde da cobertura vegetal. Deste modo, o objetivo do presente estudo foi realizar a análise temporal da cobertura vegetal, através do NDVI, durante o período de 20 anos (2000 - 2020), utilizando imagens dos satélites Landsat 5 e 8. Para a área de estudo o NDVI retratou uma redução do valor ao longo dos anos, podendo indicar uma menor atividade fotossintética da cobertura vegetal, representada pela resposta espectral das imagens coletadas. Além do retorno positivo da legislação que visa orientar e assegurar a sustentabilidade do uso dos recursos naturais.
Survival of Bladder or Renal Cancer in Patients With CHEK2 Mutations
Authors: Złowocka-Perłowska Elżbieta , Dębniak Tadeusz , Słojewski Marcin , Lemiński Artur , Soczawa Michał , Wetering Thierry van de , Trubicka Joanna , Kluźniak Wojcech , Wokołorczyk Dominika , Cybulski Cezary , Lubiński Jan
Published: December 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the survival of CHEK2 mutations positive and CHEK2 mutations negative patients with bladder or kidney cancer. Materials and methods: 1419 patients with bladder and 835 cases with kidney cancer and 8302 controls were genotyped for four CHEK2 variants: 1100delC, del5395, IVS2+1G>A and I157T. Predictors of survival were determined among CHEK2 carriers using the Cox proportional hazards model. The median follow-up was 17 years. Covariates included age (≤65; >66), smoking status (non-smoking; smoking), cancer family history (negative; positive) and gender (females; males). Results: Of the 1419 bladder patients enrolled in the study, 118 (8.32%) carried a CHEK2 mutation (all variants combined) (OR=1.4; 95% CI 1.17–1.78; p=0.0006), including 25 (1.76%) cases with a truncating mutation (OR=1.84; 95% CI, 1.17-2.89; p=0.01) and 93 (6.55%) patients with a missense mutation (OR=1.35; 95% CI, 1.07-1.7; p=0.01). We found no impact of CHEK2 mutations on bladder or kidney cancer survival. The 10-year survival for all CHEK2 mutation for bladder cancer carriers was 19% and for non-carriers was 13% (p=0.7). The 10-year survival for kidney cancer carriers was 6% and for non-carriers was 4% (p=0.9). Conclusion: We found no impact of CHEK2 mutations on bladder or kidney cancer survival regardless of their age, sex, cancer family history and smoking status.
Experience, Attitude, and Perceived Barriers Toward Research Among Ophthalmology Residents in Saudi Arabia: A National Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Saeed Ali Al , Aljindan Mohanna , AlEnezi Saad , Alwadani Fahad , Owaifeer Adi Al
Published: December 2020

Background Research sets the foundation for evidence-based practice in medicine. Globally resident doctors in various specialties are facing major obstacles to accomplish high quality research projects. Understanding these obstacles may help residents achieve their maximum research potential. This current study was undertaken to document the experience, attitude, and perceived barriers toward research among Saudi ophthalmology residents.Methods A specific questionnaire was developed and validated for the purpose of this study. The questionnaire was distributed online via email to actively enrolled residents in all five ophthalmology training programs in Saudi Arabia. Result Out of a total number of 193 ophthalmology residents in all five training programs, 147 responded to the questionnaire yielding a 76.1% response rate the mean age of participants was 27.6 ±1.8 and the number of males and females was almost equal. The vast majority [96.4%] have worked on at least one research project before starting residency training. Involvement was mainly in the phases of concept and design [72.5%], proposal preparation [85.9%], the three most frequent obstacles to conducting research projects for trainees were burden of other activities [4.27], lack of protected time for research [4.11] and too many regulations in obtaining ethical approval [3.67].Conclusion Our current study shows that ophthalmology residents understand the importance of clinical research, but they are facing a considerable number of barriers toward accomplishing high-quality research projects. Findings of our study may help program directors to address these barriers and improve the incorporation of research along with clinical training in residency curricula.
Standard Blood Laboratory Values As A Clinical Support Tool to Distinguish Between SARS-CoV-2 Positive and Negative Patients
Authors: Thell Rainer , Zimmermann Jascha , Szell Marton , Tomez Sabine , Eisenburger Philip , Haugk Moritz , Kreil Anna , Spiel Alexander , Blaschke Amelie , Klicpera Anna , Janata Oskar , Krugluger Walter , Sebesta Christian , Herkner Harald , Laky Brenda
Published: December 2020

Standard blood laboratory parameters may have diagnostic potential, if polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR) tests are not available on time. We evaluated standard blood laboratory parameters of 655 COVID-19 patients suspected to be infected with SARS-CoV-2, who underwent PCR testing in one of five hospitals in Vienna, Austria. We compared laboratory parameters, clinical characteristics, and outcomes between positive and negative PCR-tested patients and evaluated the ability of those parameters to distinguish between groups. Of the 590 patients (20-100years, 276 females and 314 males), 208 were PCR-positive. Positive compared to negative PCR-tested patients had significantly lower levels of leukocytes, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, monocytes, and thrombocytes; while significantly higher levels were detected with erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, C-reactive-protein, ferritin, activated-partial-thromboplastin-time, alanine-aminotransferase, aspartate-aminotransferase, lipase, creatine-kinase, and lactate-dehydrogenase. From all blood parameters, eosinophils, ferritin, leukocytes, and erythrocytes showed the highest ability to distinguish between COVID-19 positive and negative patients (area-under-curve: 72.3-79.4%). Leukopenia, eosinopenia, elevated erythrocytes, and hemoglobin were among the strongest markers regarding accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, positive and negative likelihood ratio, and post-test probabilities. Our findings suggest that especially leukopenia, eosinopenia, as well as elevated erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and ferritin are helpful to distinguish between COVID-19 positive and negative tested patients.
Evaluation of Ferula Assa-Foetida Accessions for Germination Parameters Under Cold Stratification to Overcome Seed Dormancy and Effect of Media Mixtures on Seedling Growth
Authors: Kumar Ashok , Kumar Ravi , Singh Satbeer , Sharma Sahil , Singh Sanatsujat , Kumar Sanjay
Published: December 2020

Ferula assa-foetida L. is a perennial of Apiaceae family having seed dormancy which inhibits the germination. Oleo-gum resin obtained from the rhizomes of Ferula assa-foetida plant has several medicinal properties and used for the treatment of various diseases, pharmaceutical industries and in cooking of food in some countries. In present study, three different temperature treatments (5°, 15° and 25°C) were used to break seed dormancy in six Ferula assa-foetida accessions repeatedly for two years. Also the seedling survival rate with other morphological parameters like plant height, no. of leaves, leaf width, leaf length, root length and root diameter were observed on 3 month old seedlings in six different media mixtures during year 2019-20. The germination ranges from 3.63 (EC968466 at 25°C) to 81.88 percent (EC966538 at 5°C) with an average of 31.14 percent over all temperatures and genotypes. The mean germination time was ranged from 19.69 to 42.71 days with an average of 30.14 days. The highest germination (66.9%) and least mean germination time was observed at 5ºC (20.85) which showed that this crop required a 5ºC chilling treatment of about 20 days for breaking seed dormancy. The results pertaining to seedling survival experiment showed that media mixture of sand, soil, FYM and cocopeat (1:2:2:1 and 1:1:1:1 ratio) gave higher seedling survival rate (87.66%) and other morphological traits. It was also observed that the genotype EC966538 and EC968470 were the best performer for overall germination as well as seedling survival parameters and could be used as base population in future selection and improvement breeding programs.