bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penyuluhan Kewirausahaan Pengurus dan Anggota Koperasi Jasa Tunas Mandiri Singkut Kabupaten Sarolangun
Authors: Dahmiri Dahmiri , Zamzami Zamzami , Yuliusman Yuliusman , Parok Al , Maisyarah Nyimas Dian
Published: February 2025

Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah untuk meningkatakan pengetahuan dan keterampilan pengurus dan anggota Koperasi Tunas Mandiri Singkut dalam mengelola koperasi dan unit usahanya.Target khusus dari kegiatan ini adalah peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan pengurus dan anggota koperasi Tunas Mandiri. Pengabdian ini hanya memfokuskan mengenai Peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan tentang mengelola koperasi dan unit usahanya. Peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang dimaksud mencakup pengetahuan membuat laporan keuangan, membuat rencana usaha terkait produk, harga, promosi, distribusi dan peningkatan kemampuan mengelola usaha dalam situasi persaingan yang mendekati situasi bisnis nyata yang dinamis dan peningkatan kemampuan mengelola usaha sebenarnya dalam situasi persaingan yang nyata yang dinamis. Diharapkan pada akhirnya akan meningkatkan kinerja Koperasi Tunas Mandiri. Metode pengabdian yang akan digunakan adalah ceramah, diskusi, audio visual, simulasi, praktik dan pendampingan. Kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah melakukan penyuluhan dan pendampingan. Evaluasi dan monitoring kegiatan dilakukan berdasarkan table evaluasi yang telah disepakati sebelumnya yang secara umum menilai keaktifan peserta kegaitan sejak penyuluhan, pelatihan dan pendampingan. Seluruh kegiatan mulai dari sosialisasi sampai pembuatan laporan membutuhkan waktu selama 8 bulan. Target khusus kegiatan ini adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan pengurus dan anggota Koperasi Tunas Mandiri yang sebelumnya masih lemah dari sisi pengetahuan dan keterampilan mengelola koperasi menjadi meningkat pengetahuan dan keterampilannya minimal 70%. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada maysarakat ini sudah dilakukan sesuai rencana dan telah berhasil mencapai target yang ditetapkan. Kegiatan Penyuluhan Kewirausahaan Pengurus Dan Anggota Koperasi Jasa Tunas Mandiri ini mendapatkan respon yang positif dari para peserta, yang terdiri dari para Pengurus Dan Anggota Koperasi Tunas Mandiri Singkut Sarolangun. Hal ini ditunjukkan dari antusiasnya peserta mengikuti kegiatan ini dari awal sampai berakhirnya kegiatan ini, juga dari semangatnya peserta mengikuti kegiatan secara aktif. Keberlanjutan dari hasil kegiatan pembinaan yaitu diharapkan pengurus dan anggota koperasi mampu menerapkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang diperoleh dalam menjalankan usaha pada Koperasi Tunas Mandiri. Luaran dari kegiatan ini adalah artikel di jurnal nasional ber ISSN, peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampila mitra, video kegaitan, dan berita online.
Peningkatan Kinerja Bisnis bagi Pelaku Usaha Nanas Goreng Khas Jambi melalui Pelatihan Digital Marketing dan Financial Technology
Authors: Lubis Tona Aurora , Machpuddin Asep , Firmansyah Firmansyah , Ekasari Novita , Siregar Ade Perdana , Sabrina Hanan Laras
Published: February 2025

UMKM memiliki peran penting dalam pertumbuhan perekonomian, dimana pada tahun 2021 Indonesia merupakan negara yang dengan jumlah UMKM terbesar di ASEAN, tetapi Indonesia memiliki kontribusi terhadap ekspor dibawah negara lain ASEAN, yaitu Singapura dan Thailand. Kabupaten Muaro Jambi merupakan Kabupaten dengan peningkatan jumlah unit usaha terbesar di Provinsi Jambi pada tahun 2021. Pertumbuhan UMKM yang meningkat tidak sebanding dengan kontribusi UMKM terhadap Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB) dan ekspor. Desa Tangkit Baru merupakan desa penghasil nanas yang menjadi komoditas unggulan di Provinsi Jambi. Sangat banyak produk hasil olahan dari nanas yang di produksi, salah satunya adalah produk selai nanas goreng. Mitra dalam pengabdian ini adalah Malakue di Tangkit Baru Kecamatan Sungai Gelam Kabupaten Muaro Jambi. Permasalahan mitra yang diprioritaskan akan diselesaikan adalah 1) aspek pemasaran, mitra belum melakukan penjualan secara online, hal ini disebabkan masih lemahnya pemahaman mitra dalam melakukan promosi dan penjualan secara online; 2) Aspek keuangan, masih lemahnya pemahaman mitra dalam mencari sumber permodalan. Metode yang digunakan dalam pencapaian tujuan tersebut adalah metode sosial memberikan pelatihan kepada mitra mengenai peningkatan kemampuan manajemen pemasaran dengan digital marketing dan manajemen keuangan dalam financial technology
Pendampingan Pengelolaan Lingkungan untuk Meningkatkan Sadar Wisata Masyarakat Kawasan Wisata Danau Sipin di Kelurahan Legok Kota Jambi
Authors: Zulfanetti Zulfanetti , Heriberta Heriberta , Parmadi Parmadi , Edy Jaya Kusuma , Mukhzarudfa Mukhzarudfa , Minati Jurnia
Published: February 2025

Lake Sipin is one of the popular tourist icons in Jambi City. The Sipin Lake area is located in Telanaipura and Lake Sipin sub-districts. Sipin Lake Tourism is a typical lake and is familiar to the people of Jambi City. The Lake Sipin area is expected to become a sustainable economic tourism area as the main tourist destination in Jambi City. The servicepartner is the Community Protector (LINMAS) of Legok Village. The objectives of the service are (1) Providing environmental training assistance so that the community understands the importance of protecting the environment, (2) Socializing the importance of maintaining the Lake Sipin water tourism area, (3) Explaining how to sort and select waste, (4) Managing community waste into compost and recycling usable waste so that it has use value, (5) Structuring the household environment by cleaning the yard and planting medicinal plants and neatly arranged ornamental plants, (6) Increasing the role of waste banks and inviting all components of society, namely millennials, housewives, PKK cadres, Wisma Village cadres to actively participate in maintaining the cleanliness of the tourist area environment. The method of community service to the community around the banks of Lake Sipin is carried out in the form of socialization to the community regarding tourism awareness, and sapta- pesona. The method that will be carried out, namely forming a tourism awareness team and partnered by the local village head and carried out the lecture method and participatory Service activities have been carried out in accordance with what has been planned, at the initial stage various activities were carried out, one of which was a visit in the context of assistance to partners, besides conducting an initial survey of the location and other preparations. The next activity is to socialize maintaining environmental cleanliness and utilizing waste into compost. Furthermore, mutual cooperation activities for environmental cleanliness were carried out. In addition, a visit was made to the location of environmental management and compost making, as well as procuring tools and making compost that can be used by the Kelurahan Legok community.
Implementasi Green Marketing dalam Peningkatan Perekonomian dan Lingkungan pada Desa Tebing Tinggi Kecamatan Siulak Mukai
Authors: Haryono Gampo , Lova Anggil Nopra , Sudirman Sudirman , Septiani Laras
Published: February 2025

Usaha makanan dan minuman cepat saji di Desa Tebing Tinggi Kecematan Siulak Mukai ingin memperluas dalam memasarkan produknya secara online, namun menurut survei dan diskusi dengan kelompok masyarakat dan banyak pemilik Usaha makana dan dan minuman cepat saji, mereka sangat terkendala oleh kemasan produk yang  kurang menarik dan tidak mampu bersaing di platform penjualan online. Pengemasan yang tepat dapat meningkatkan proses pemasaran karena tidak hanya menarik konsumen tetapi juga memberikan dampak positif bagi lingkungan dengan mengurangi limbah kemasan plastik yang menjadi tren pemasaran terkini. Mempertimbangkan permasalahan utama mitra terakait isu dalam peningkatan kinerja ekonomi bisnis dan juga isu lingkungan sebagai dampak dari pertumbuhan ekonomi, penerapan green marketing pada makana dan dan minuman cepat saji merupakan solusi alternatif untuk mengatasi permasalahan dalam pendapatan dan lingkungan. Dalam hal pengetahuan tentang green markting mampu membantu meningkatkan proses pemasaran serta kelestarian lingkungan. Program green marketing seperti packaging yang menarik dan ramah lingkungan memungkinkan ssaha makana dan dan minuman cepat saji bersaing melalui pemasaran langsung maupun online sehingga masalah dapat diselesaikan melalui program green marketing, sustainable packaging dan digital marketing.
Mengenalkan Program English Day Melalui Kegiatan Pentas Seni di SD dan SMP Desa Teluk Pauh Kecamatan Pangean Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi
Authors: Fikri Khusnul , Saputra Junindra Darisky , Maizal Wahyudi Engla , Isnaini Hasanah Maulidya , Salsabila Niki
Published: February 2025

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dengan tema “Mengenalkan Program English Day Melalui Kegiatan Pentas Seni di SD dan SMP Desa Teluk Pauh. Kecamatan Pan-gean Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi” di lingkungan Desa Teluk Pauh bertujuan untuk membimbing siswa memiliki keterampilan berbahasa Inggris dengan baik dan benar. Masalah utama yang sering dihadapi anak ketika mendengar Bahasa Inggris yaitu stere-otip bahwa Bahasa Inggris sangat sulit di pahami dan dipelajari. Yang pada akhirnya siswa kurang minat untuk mempelajarinya dan tidak bisa mengaplikasikan dalam ke-hidupan sehari-hari. Kegiatan pengabdian yang berupa English Day Melalui Kegiatan Pentas Seni di SD dan SMP berjalan sesuai dengan rencana yang telah direncanakan dengan sasaran siswa SD – SMP desa teluk pauh. Hasil tersebut diperoleh dari metode pendekatan secara langsung dengan melakukan pendataan anak yang mengikuti bimb-ingan dan kegiatan mengajar melalui menyanyi dan drama. Adapun kegiatan pensi nya yaitu tingkat SMP bernyanyi lagu yang berjudul “Que Que Sera dan drama Frozen”, sedangkan untuk tingkat SD kelas 1,2, dan 3 menyanyikan lagu bahasa Inggris yang berjudul “little little little star” dan siswa SD kelas 4,5, dan 6 bernyanyi lagu bahasa inggris yang berjudul “Que Que Sera”. Hasil akhir yang diharapkan dari English day ini adalah para siswa mampu menerapkan penggunaan bahasa di kehidupan seharihari dan mengatasi kesulitan-kesulitan yang anak-anak hadapi pada saat belajar Bahasa Inggris. Anak-anak bisa belajar dengan tenang, enjoy, dan mudah dipahami tentang materi yang disampaikan
Ways to increase efficiency of using hydrogen fuel cells (proton exchange membrane) in energy facilities
Authors:   Sakhalin State University, Dvoinova Natalia F. , Abramova Svetlana V. ,   Sakhalin State University, Boyarov Evgeny N. ,   Sakhalin State University
Published: February 2025

To improve environmental safety, much attention is currently paid to the use of
alternative energy sources as energy carriers, which significantly reduces the toxicity of exhaust
gases. Considerable attention is paid to the introduction of alternative types of energy based on
hydrogen fuel cells into the agricultural sector. In recent years, the use of electric energy as a
source has been widely used for automobile transport, as well as the use of hybrid cars, which
combine the use of liquid fuel and energy storage devices in the form of electric batteries, as a
result, environmental pollution is reduced. When equipping power systems with fuel cells based
on proton exchange membrane, the main criterion for efficiency is still the efficiency coefficient,
which makes it possible to reliably assess the technical perfection of the proposed energy converter. The obtained analytical relationships make it possible to calculate the efficiency of fuel cell
in working zone of an ideal battery. Experimentally obtained volt-ampere dependences at series
and parallel connection of two thermopiles at purge time of 50 and 100 seconds make it possible
to determine voltage at the specified current, as well as to identify the influence of various fac- tors on the operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. It makes it possible to carry out a
comparative analysis of fuel cells and various methods of connecting them; adequately assess the
energy efficiency of fuel cells, since it is not advisable to calculate values pointwise, it is desirable
to predict the result in a wide range of load. The combined fuel cells based on proton exchange
membrane connection makes it possible to increase the output voltage to 38%. The studies made
it possible to outline ways to increase the efficiency of the use of hydrogen fuel cells, establishing
the use of a combined compound of fuel cells on energy resources, and timely ensuring the supply
of appropriate reagents.
Substantiation of design and operating parameters of a chaff collector and further developing ways of soybeans harvesting technology with chaff collection
Authors:   All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Soybean, Sakharov Vladimir A. , Lipkan Alexander V. ,   All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Soybean, Kuvshinov Alexey A. ,   All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Soybean, Usanov Vyacheslav S. ,   All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Soybean
Published: February 2025

The coarse feed provision to livestock industry is an important problem in Amur
region agriculture. In order to increase soybean production, the areas occupied by forage lands areinvolving to be used in crop rotation, exacerbating the shortage of coarse feed. The solution to this
problem may be the use of soybean chaff for livestock feed, which is left in the field after soybean
harvesting. The peculiarity of soybean chaff is its low weight and porosity of bulk mass. At the
same time, its feed value is 0.56 feed unit, which makes it possible to consider it an alternative to
hay and straw. Many authors have conducted research on the technical issues of transporting the
non-grain part of crop from the fields during harvesting of various crops. The small volume mass
of chaff can be offset by use of large-volume bodies with a capacity of 25 m3
or more. The disadvantage of the technology with chaff collection is a fire hazard when storing in warehouses and
in open areas. Also, when harvesting, preference is given to the transportation of grain, especially
since the harvesting process must be completed as soon as possible in order to prevent losses from
dead-ripe stage of standing crop. In these conditions, it is necessary to modernize the technologies
offered earlier, taking into account modern realities: the introduction of automated systems, the
development of unmanned vehicles, the use of GPS technologies, etc.
Pyrolysis technology as a basis for creating an autonomous pyroelectric power plant
Authors:   Yakutsk Industrial and Pedagogical College named after V. M. Chlenov, Sivtseva Zhanna G. , Druzyanova Varvara P. ,   North-Eastern Federal University named after M. K. Ammosov, Kuleshova Yulia S. ,   North-Eastern Federal University named after M. K. Ammosov, Kondakova Nadezhda I. ,   Arctic State Agrotechnological University
Published: February 2025

The development of equipment and technology has made its contribution to the
social and everyday life of modern rural residents. There are fewer settlements that collect firewood and heat their homes with stoves. Villagers' homes are connected to main heating networks
that produce heat from coal, gas, condensate or electric sources. However, a person becomes more
dependent on such benefits, there is a danger of freezing in the premises during the cold season. An
emergency shutdown of the heat and electricity supply can lead to the suspension of production.
The solution to the above problems may be the introduction of autonomous technologies in villages, which make it possible to obtain an alternative source of energy from available raw materials
in the form of industrial waste. There are various ways to produce alternative fuels – wind and
solar energy, biogas and pyrolysis technologies and others. In each individual case, it is necessary
to identify the most suitable of the above types, justify it technologically and economically, select
a chain of reliable equipment, theoretically and experimentally confirm the proposal put forward,
and only after all, implement it into production. Considering that currently a considerable amount
of waste of various origins has been generated and stored in rural settlements and due to the lack
of technologies for processing and disposal of this waste in most villages, preference should be
given to technologies that convert waste into alternative fuel without harming the environment.
The article provides a justification for the introduction of pyrolysis technology, considers the possibility of using an autonomous pyroelectric station for the population of the Nyurbinsky district
of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).
Reaction of potato varieties to biologies when grown for seeds in northern forest-steppe of Tyumen region
Authors:   Northern Trans-Ural State Agricultural University, Gaizatulin Andrey S.
Published: February 2025

The research was carried out in 2021–2023 on the experimental field of Northern Trans-Ural State Agricultural University in the northern forest-steppe of Tyumen region. The
purpose of the research was to study the reaction of potato varieties to biologies when grown for
seeds in this condition. Three registered varieties of domestic breeding Karmen, Lux and Bravo
were taken as the object of study. Also, the effect of four biologies was studied: Biodux, Plantarel,
Epin-Extra, Zerebra Agro. The growing season of potato varieties has been reduced with the use
of biologies Biodux and Epin-Extra. In Karmen and Lux varieties, it was 62 days (control of 66
and 65 days), in Bravo variety ‒ 70 days (in control version of 75 days). Resistance to late blight
and viral diseases was high (7 points), to alternariasis and rhizoctoniosis was very high (9 points).
The mass of seed tubers was at a fairly high level and amounted to 248–360 g. The seed yield was
11,1–16,2 t/ha. The yield losses of tubers in control variant amounted to 12,1–14,0%, with the use
of biologies ‒ 8,8–10,4%. In Karmen variety, the yield was more dependent on the sprout number and their raw weight (correlation coefficients are 0.532 and 0.530, respectively); an average
positive relationship was established. In Lux variety, the yield of seed tubers was determined by
the leaf area (correlation coefficients is 0,586); the average relationship was positive. The yield of
Bravo variety was more closely related to the leaf area and sprout number (correlation coefficients
are 0.930 and 0.856, respectively); a strong positive relationship has been established. The profitability of production was 141–266%, depending on the variety.
Evaluation of effectiveness of precision farming in spring wheat cultivation in Altai krai in 2022 and 2023
Authors:   Altai State Agrarian University, Belyaev Vladimir I. , Sadov Viktor V. ,   Altai State Agrarian University, Smyshlyaev Andrey A. ,   Altai State Agrarian University, Kosheleva Evgeniya D. ,   Altai State Agrarian University
Published: February 2025

The article gives the results of studies of the effect of seed sowing rates and doses of
mineral fertilizers in zones of soil fertility of the field on spring wheat production in the conditions
of Altai krai. The significance of the studied factors has been revealed. The influence of soil fertility
on productivity and, ultimately, on the economic effect has been established. The high efficiency of
the correct use of differentiated sowing and the application of mineral fertilizers has been proven.
In 2022, the highest biological yield in the zone of high soil fertility reached 41.5 c/ha, in the zone
of medium fertility – 37.2 c/ha, in the zone of low fertility – 37.8 c/ha. For 2023, the values of
biological yield in these zones were 30.7; 34.4 and 25.8 c/ha, respectively. Fertility zones affected
yields to a greater extent than changes in seed sowing rates and fertilizer doses within one zone.
In 2022–2023 the differences in average biological yield between zones were 6–7 c/ha, which was
2.5–3 times more than with variations in seed sowing rates and fertilizer doses. The best option of
precision farming within a field compared to traditional wheat cultivation has provided specific
profit more by 5,700 and 4,438 rubles/ha in 2022 and 2023, respectively.
ISSUES AND FACTORS CAUSING NATIVE CUSTOMARY RIGHTS LAND DISPUTE IN SABAH
Authors: Manaf Azima Abdul , Ramli Zaimah , Saad Suhana Saad , Md. Sum Sarmila , Jamaluddin Faathirah
Published: February 2025

A dispute in land ownership can be a hindrance factor to the development effort to be implemented. Therefore, the level of an issue and factor which caused dispute among landowners must be studied, so that this problem can be understood and handled well. This study uses a quantitative approach through the method of distributing questionnaires to 100 landowners in two villages in the district of Semporna, Sabah. The objective is to obtain their views towards the level of an issue and factor that had caused disputes among landowners in the study area. The Likert five-point scale was used to identify the views of landowners towards the issues and factors that cause disputes. The average analysis was used to identify the level of an issue and factor that cause land disputes in the study area. The interpretation of the mean score was divided into three levels which are, low (1.00-2.33), moderate (2.34-3.66), and high (3.67-5.00). The research findings explained that there are two main issues and four factors that cause the existence of disputes among landowners in the studied area. For the aspect of the issue, it is found that the mean score analysis towards these two issues explained the level of local community’s knowledge about the issues that lead to dispute is high (M=3.74) for the issue of natives not knowing that they have rights and moderate (M=2.38) for the issue of the state customary land rights given ownership to outsiders. Meanwhile, for factors, it is found that for factors that have a relation to culture, the mean score obtained is at high and moderate levels. It implies that a community's sentiment regarding customary land can give an implication towards the efforts of the government in handling dispute issues in land ownership.
A COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE ON INCOME EQUITY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN ASEAN AND EU
Authors: Huda Mohd Ikbal Mohd , Kamaruddin Nurliana
Published: February 2025

Equity and sustainability have become key factors of consideration in the development effort of the 21st century. The importance of addressing poverty was recognised in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and this was carried forward into the formulation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as well, tying the concept of equity into the sustainable development agenda. This article looks at how have these two concepts been addressed in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and European Union (EU) through thematic content analysis. The analysis assesses the major similarities and differences between ASEAN and EU in terms of their concerns and approach to equitable and sustainable development. This comparative assessment provides the finding to discuss the prospects and challenges available to ASEAN and the EU in the following section. This includes reshaping the dynamic of the relationship between ASEAN and EU to one of mutual learning, improving monitoring and accountability, increasing engagement of all stakeholders, and managing trade-offs. Finally, this article considers how these factors concern Malaysia at the local level.
CARTELISATION IN INDONESIAN POLITICS DURING THE JOKOWI ERA
Authors: Abdul Karim Zamzami , Hamil Jamaie Haji
Published: February 2025

Indonesian politics is synonymous with cartel politics. During the New Order era, the practice of cartelisation was insignificant since the Functional Group Party Partai Golongan Karya (Golkar- Partai Golongan Karya) became dominant in Indonesian politics weakening the opposition party. However, starting from the Reformasi era until the era of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (SBY), cartelisation grew with the formation of coalition parties. In the Jokowi era, the issue of cartelisation grew with more political parties joining the Jokowi coalition. Jokowi practised this cartel politics since he was not the head of a political party or came from a ruling elite family, hence leaving him with no control over the government. In addition, presidential threshold rules, expensive political costs and the strength of oligarchic politics were factors contributing to the growth of cartel politics in the Jokowi era. This article evaluates cartel political practices and their issues in Indonesia during Jokowi's rule utilising data collected from secondary sources namely books, theses, articles, magazines and official government documents. This article argues that the rapid development of cartelisation in the Jokowi era is contributed by the fat coalition he formed to distribute power and create political compromises, thus impacting the check and balance process, the emergence of laws that only benefit the elite, the erosion of the ideology of political parties, the declining quality of elections, the growth of money politics and corruption, as well as the strengthening of dominant major parties. At the end of the analysis, it was demonstrated that cartelisation is what led to the decline of democracy in Indonesia.
XENOPHOBIA AND ANTI-FEDERAL SENTIMENT IN SABAH AND ITS IMPACT ON MALAYSIAN FEDERALISM
Authors: Ismail Mohammad Azziyadi , Yusoff Mohammad Agus
Published: February 2025

Xenophobia carries the notion of fear and hatred towards other foreign races. It is a social disease that can destroy the harmony and peace of society, especially in multi-racial and multi-ethnic countries. In the context of the federal state, xenophobia refers to the fear and hatred of a provincial community towards another province or the federal government as they feel that their rights are being taken away or denied by the federal government. This article discusses the xenophobia of Sabahans towards the federal government resulting from the feeling that the federal government is a 'foreigner' who has deprived them of their rights as enshrined in the 1963 Malaysia Agreement and the 20-point Agreement. This article utilised the concept of xenophobia as a tool of analysis. Primary data was taken from interviews with authoritative informants, whereas secondary data was obtained from books, theses, articles, newspapers, government documents and news portals. This article argues that the xenophobia of the Sabahan people has given birth to anti-federal groups that threaten the integrity of the federation but not to the point of being able to break the federation.
REASSESSING POVERTY INCIDENCE BROUGHT BY THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Rahman Muhamad Hilmi Abdul , Zubairi Yong Zulina , Othman Azmah
Published: February 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused health-economic related shocks that compounded the Malaysian population’s vulnerability to poverty. It has put in the spotlight the economics of poverty, fragility of the social safety net, and has also disproportionally increased the risks of poverty among the population in the country. Malaysia has recorded higher overall poverty rates during the pandemic compared to the post Asian Financial Crisis in 1998-2002. This abrupt episode has adversely impacted the gains made by the country within the realm of poverty reduction, where the downtrend of the incidence of poverty over the past five decades will be difficult to maintain. This prompted the question of ‘how have the prolonged pandemic and its unprecedented economic impacts reverses the decreasing trend of poverty?’ It aims to forecast the incidence of absolute poverty as the result of the pandemic, represented by the number of households at risk of falling into poverty from 2021-2025. A baseline trend of published poverty statistics from 1970-2020 was used to produce the estimation. A quantitative forecasting using time series models – Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average and Linear Exponential Smoothing – is leveraged to estimate the future poverty trends. The results suggest an increase in poverty incidence between 6.4% to 8.4% from 2021-2025. This effectively yields a jump in the number of poor households by 670,000 come 2025. The implication of the study is that it provides some measure of the increase of poverty estimates in light of the prolonged pandemic. This insight will prove to be practical to policymakers involved in orchestrating the COVID-19 economic recovery of Malaysia.
THE PERCEPTION AND PRESERVATION OF JAVANESE CULTURE IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Sunarti Linda , Fadeli Teuku Reza , Rakhman Abdu , Pradjoko Didik , Lastika Sari Noor Fatia
Published: February 2025

This study analyses the presence of Javanese cultural roots in Malaysian culture. For the last ten years, both Indonesia and Malaysia have been the subject of a number of cultural claims and counter-claims. Their similar cultural heritages and practices were deemed to be the underlying factors that created tensions between the two countries. In response to these claims, this research aims to discover how such similarities are related to the evolution of perception and the act of preservation of the Javanese culture in Malaysia. This study adopts a historical approach using qualitative data obtained through interviews with both Indonesians and Malaysians who are Javanese descendants, quantitative data obtained through the distribution of questionnaires, and literature studies on archives, documents, newspapers, and books. The data were processed in accordance with the method of historical writing, utilising heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. This study concludes that the process of assimilation and adaptation adopted by the Javanese diaspora in Malaysia has shifted the public’s perceptions, and therefore affected the way the Malay community reacted to foreign cultural influences, to eventually preserve and assimilate with those influences. Thus, existing similarities between the two countries were further expanded to the regional community, where mass media could play a significant role in promoting a sense of regional brotherhood or function as a catalyst for counter-claims.
PROTOTYPE DEVELOPMENT OF A CREATIVE LIVING SPACE IN LAMPANG, NORTHERN THAILAND
Authors: Karapan Ratchapan , Sangkakorn Korawan , Krajangchom Sansanee , Jaroenne Srichana
Published: February 2025

This is a qualitative investigation to develop a prototype and guidelines for a creative liveable space according to the management plan and development mechanism in Lampang, a city in Northern Thailand. The researchers collected data from academic documents and field studies through observation, brainstorming meetings, interviews with key informants and transect surveys. Data were analysed by analytic induction and typological analysis. The results revealed a high degree of participation among stakeholders in Lampang communities, who initiated and developed a pilot scheme to promote the local area's cultural heritage. From experiences in the field, the researcher developed a five-step process for developing creative, liveable cities through community participation. The approach uses a hybrid model for development, combining academic principles and community involvement.
MUJARAD AS A MANIFESTATION OF ONENESS OF GOD (TAWHEED) IN THE MODERN ISLAMIC ART OF MALAYSIA AND INDONESIA
Authors: Ismail Roslina , Zakaria Dzul Afiq
Published: February 2025

Islamic art is a subgenre of contemporary art popular in Muslim-majority Southeast Asian countries such as Malaysia and Indonesia. Due to Islamic art's unique position within this genre, it is widely assumed that the aesthetic challenge of Islamic art can be traced back to a fundamental Islamic precept. However, as several academics have pointed out, there is no agreement on what the term "Islamic arts" means. In this study, we hope to describe Islamic art and show how its aesthetic qualities (its "spirituality") reflect the dominant worldviews at the time it was created (its "zeitgeist"). Some Malaysian and Indonesian artists' works depict culturally significant symbols as visual representations of their ideas as well as the aesthetic and cultural values of their time and place. Our findings from the content analysis show that the visual manifestation of the Islamic religion (Tawheed) is a synthesis of Islamic aesthetic principles and Western creative abilities. When Tawheed is at the heart of the creative process, every attempt to decipher the work's meaning becomes a quest for absolute truth. We conclude that the Tawheed philosophy embodies knowledge of the essential nature of things through the concept of Mujarad and is reflected in the artist's visual representation by elucidating the spirituality that connects religious faith to the field of visual art. We can offer a novel interpretation of the characteristics of Islamic art from Malaysia and Indonesia by understanding art from an Islamic aesthetic standpoint based on culturally meaningful symbols.
MARRYING YOUNG IN INDONESIA: VOICES, LAWS AND PRACTICES BY MIES GRIJNS, HOKO HORII, SULISTYOWATI IRIANTO, AND PINKY SAPTANDARI (EDS.). SINGAPORE: ISEAS PUBLISHING, 2020. 336PP. ISBN: 978-981-4881-25-8
Authors: Ling Chong Wu
Published: February 2025

The issue of child marriage has attracted significant attention in Indonesia in recent years due to its associated violations of human rights for the young girls. As Indonesia’s parliament had raised the minimum age of marriage for girls from 16 to 19 in September 2019, Mies Grijns, Hoko Horii, Sulistyowati Irianto, and Pinky Saptandari's edited volume, Marrying young in Indonesia: Voices, laws and practices, provides a very timely contribution to the literature on the issue of child marriage in the country. The collections of articles in this edited volume are based on a child marriage research workshop held in the Faculty of Law, University of Indonesia, in 2017.
REMEDYING UNETHICAL RECRUITMENT IN MALAYSIA’S TRANSNATIONAL LABOUR MIGRATION GOVERNANCE
Authors: Chin Low Choo
Published: February 2025

Although state actors in labour-receiving and sending countries developed ethical recruitment initiatives, such initiatives did not function as intended without full compliance from industry stakeholders. The complexity in the global supply chain undermined various ethical recruitment initiatives undertaken in Malaysia, such as the zero-cost recruitment policy of Malaysian companies, the Nepal-Malaysia zero-cost migration Memorandum of Understanding, and Nepal’s Free Visa, Free Ticket policy. However, the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) intervention overcame the hurdles faced by these unilateral and bilateral efforts. In response to the imposed trade sanctions imposed by the CBP, business enterprises in Malaysia developed remediation plans to reimburse recruitment fees previously paid by their foreign workers. Such remediation programs were unprecedented in Malaysia’s labour recruitment industry. This paper suggests that the remediation of recruitment fees by business enterprises is important in realising ethical recruitment because it addresses the adverse effect of fraudulent recruitment practices, enhances corporate responsibility, protects foreign workers from debt bondage, and supports the principle of zero-cost migration.
ASEAN'S PIVOTAL ROLE FOR REGIONAL STABILITY: A REALIST PERSPECTIVE WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF US-CHINA RIVALRY IN SOUTHEAST ASIA
Authors: Venkatachalam Suthan , Dollah Ramli , Siang Yang Soo
Published: February 2025

The Southeast Asian region, positioned at the crossroads of evolving geopolitical dynamics, presents a landscape rich in both opportunities and risks. Its strategic geographical location, serving as a nexus for the global East-West Sea Lane of Communication (SLOC), coupled with abundant natural resources on land and sea, has elevated it to a focal point of geopolitical rivalries. China is taking an assertive stance in the region reminiscent of Cold War dynamics, thereby occupying the gap left by the now defunct the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). This shift raises concerns as China flexes its military and economic influence, appearing poised to reshape the existing international order. Such actions signify a potential decline in reliance on the United States (US) within the region and provoke questions about the future balance of power in the region's security environment. The fundamental problem in this study centres on whether China's strategic manoeuvres significantly contribute to the weakening of United States-Association of Southeast Asian Nations (US-ASEAN) relations, thereby influencing the overall balance of power in the region. Therefore, this paper explores the significant role of ASEAN as a pivotal mechanism for regional stability. This study adopts qualitative methods with a mix of descriptive and analytical approaches and studies based on in-depth information and data from case studies. The findings emphasise ASEAN's crucial role in unifying Southeast Asian nations, fostering positive international cooperation, and forming strategic partnerships to counter disruptive forces through peaceful means. Furthermore, ASEAN deploys hedging and enmeshment strategies as a multilateral platform and through bilateral policies. These strategies provide dynamic alignment options, facilitating adjustments amidst the great power manoeuvres. In conclusion, the study strongly asserts that ASEAN holds the key to managing and influencing the current Sino-US rivalry, emerging as a pivotal mechanism for maintaining regional stability.
O regime internacional do refúgio: o duplo padrão de tratamento dos refugiados baseado em raça e etnia
Authors:   , Adad Thalia Oliveira
Published: February 2025

Essa pesquisa buscou identificar quais os principais instrumentos que constituem o regime internacional do refúgio a partir do Direito Internacional e do Direito Internacional Humanitário. Contudo, parte-se da percepção da problemática de que o tratamento efetivo dispendido ao refugiado é permeado por questões raciais e étnicas. O Regime de Refúgio internacional é marcado inicialmente pelo deslocamento de refugiados europeus durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial e a institucionalização do Direito Internacional e dos Direitos Humanos é incentivado pela proteção desse grupo específico de pessoas. O presente trabalho buscou identificar as motivações e explicações do tratamento discrepante que refugiados não brancos recebem no que concerne sua dignidade humana, amplamente violada de forma sistêmica. À luz desses fatores, o estudo buscou analisar o nascimento dessa estrutura internacional dividida por raça através do estudo do estudo Pós-Colonial das Relações Internacionais, de uma análise científica da evolução histórica do Regime Internacional do Refúgio e, por último, através de uma análise de casos de entraves institucionais do ACNUR e o duplo tratamento destinado a refugiados advindos de países do Terceiro Mundo. Conclui-se que existe uma dupla abordagem de tratamento entre refugiados caucasianos e os de cor e que os entraves institucionais comprometem a eficácia desse regime que muitas vezes legitima a violação de direitos humanos invés de enfaticamente proteger esses grupos vulneráveis.
The Implementation of the Marine Spatial Plan on the Identity and Rights of the Berakit Orang Suku Laut Community in Bintan Regency, Riau Islands
Authors: Haria Novi Gabriella , Humairah Jasri Fanny , Iswahyudi  , Arieta Siti
Published: February 2025

This study examine the efforts of the Bintan Regency government to relocate the Sea Nomad or Orang Suku Laut (OSL) community through the Marine Spatial Plan policy, focusing on the positive and negative impacts of this relocation on their rights and cultural identity. Employing a qualitative approach, the research investigates the implementation and impacts of the Marine Spatial Plan using data collected through in-depth interviews, observations and documentations. Findings reveal that the government strategies often rely on persuasive approaches, leveraging the proximity of the OSL’s traditional marine territory to Panglong village. By 2011, resettlement initiatives encompassed 60 families, accompanied by disciplinary administrative measures like record-keeping of ID registration and residence requirement of 5-10 years in Panglong village for housing eligibility. These measures, however, have significantly erroded the cultural identity of the OSL, distancing young generation from their maritime attachment. While the government policy seeks to assimilate the OSL to Malay communities, it poses a threat to the preservation of their authentic marine culture and contradict their right to self-determination as an indigenous people. The study underscores the importance of involving the OSL in Marine Spatial Planning, highlighting their traditional knowledge as a critical resource for achieving inclusive and sustainable development.
Designing Differentiated Instruction of Korean Speaking Using Metaverse
Authors:   Research Institute of Science Education, Yoon Seoyeon , Choi Eunjeong
Published: February 2025

This study aims to design differentiated instruction for Korean language classes to address the challenges faced by students from multicultural families who struggle to adapt to school due to their lack of proficiency in Korean. In particular, it focuses on speaking, a skill that students have difficulty in learning on their own and which varies significantly according to individual learner characteristics. To design differentiated lessons, the study considered the use of Edutech, given the challenges of implementing such lessons in a Korean language class environment, which typically has diverse learners and large numbers of students. The Metaverse, a platform actively used in speaking lessons, was selected as the primary tool.
In this study, to establish principles for designing differentiated instruction of speaking lessons in the Metaverse, relevant research was first analyzed. Additionally, to examine the current state of Korean language class, interviews with Korean language educators was conducted. Based on the reserch analysis and interviews, the principles for designing differentiated instruction of speaking in the metaverse were summarized. Subsequently, a functional analysis of teaching materials was conducted to select the necessary features for Korean language class students, and lesson plans were developed, reflecting the learner characteristics identified in the interviews. Expert reviews of the lesson plans were conducted to ensure the validity, and the final lesson plans were revised and refined based on expert feedback. The principles for designing differentiated instruction of speaking lessons in the Metaverse are ‘understanding learner characteristics, linking teaching-learning-assessment, creating an autonomous learning environment, providing communication opportunities.’ Additionally, it was confirmed that the functions required by learners are ‘greeting’ and ‘introducing oneself,’ which served as the basis for developing the lesson plans. This study summarizes the principles of lesson design and suggests a direction for designing speaking lessons in the metaverse environment, which is expected to become more prevalent in the future. It also provides lesson plans that are applicable in real classroom settings. Based on this research, it is hoped that Korean language class students will be able to communicate smoothly in Korean and adapt to school life.
Quantitative study of lung structure in COPD patients based on low-dose Karl iterative reconstruction
Authors: Ye Yizhai , Li Juehui , Wang Weigen , He Jianhua , Yang Qi
Published: February 2025

Background/Aim. Low-dose Karl iterative reconstruction (KIR) is a commonly
used technique in medical imaging. An iterative algorithm reduces the dose
of X-ray radiation while ensuring image quality, making it a safer and more
convenient imaging method. The aim of the study was to analyze the
assessment value of low-dose KIR for the lung structure of patients with
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods. The study included a
total of 135 COPD patients undergoing bronchoscopic biopsy from August 2022
to July 2023. Low-dose KIR was conducted. Two groups were formed according
to the lung structure examined by bronchoscopic biopsy: an airway remodeling
group and a non-airway remodeling group. The examination indicators of
low-dose KIR were compared. Receiver operating characteristic curves were
plotted to analyze the clinical value of low-dose KIR for assessing the
lung structure. Results. According to the examination results of chest
X-ray, airway remodeling was done in 85 out of 135 (62.96%) COPD patients.
The sensitivities, specificities, and areas under the curves of computed
tomography value, noise value, signal-to-noise ratio, and contrast-to-noise
ratio were 0.976 vs. 0.965 vs. 0.953 vs. 0.980, 0.960 vs. 0.940 vs. 0.927
vs. 0.753, and 0.623 vs. 0.643 vs. 0.670 vs. 0.640, respectively.
Conclusion. Low-dose KIR proved to be a very accurate and fast method for
the quantitative study of lung structure in COPD patients.
A quarter of a century later: Elements of ethnic cleansing in the case of the expiled from Kosovo and Metohija
Authors: Radovanovic Djordje , Obradovic Filip
Published: February 2025

The paper deals with the problem of the exiled population from Kosovo and
Metohija during and after the war conflicts in the Republic of Serbia in
1999. The problem of the return of the displaced population represents a
special challenge, first of all for international institutions (UNMIK; EU;
USA), and then for the temporary institutions in Pristina as a new
internationally recognized agent that took upon itself the responsibility of
solving post-war issues between Serbia and Kosovo during the dialogue period
in Brussels. The analysis shows that, despite accepting the international
obligation, Pristina, at the head of the international institutions, did not
fulfill the process of the return of Serbs to Kosovo and Metohija as agreed
and defined in the agreements. In that case, it was found out that the said
process is being misused and used for political purposes, in which UNMIK and
the EU have a special role.
Utvikling og institusjonalisering av offentlig politikk og planlegging for urbant landbruk
Authors: Saglie Inger-Lise
Published: February 2025

Urban agriculture has been closely associated with citizen activism and voluntary work based on local bottom-up initiatives. However, municipalities have been interested in urban agriculture, and this chapter presents the development of public policies and the main actors in three cities, Oslo, Bergen and Trondheim. They show many common traits in institutionalization of urban agriculture policy. But there are also differences particularly between role of voluntary groups and bottom-up and top-down processes, degree of networking, relationship to ordinary peri-urban agriculture and new forms of urban agriculture, and the implementation of urban agriculture in plans. Oslo shows a politically driven implementation through traditional participatory methods with plans and visions for developing urban agriculture as a social activity in green/urban spaces and as new ways of professional production of food in dense urban areas. In Bergen, the voluntary sector has an active role as co-creators of policy through political activism and participation in strategy development and in running competence center. In Trondheim, the policy is co-produced with the growers each year based on their experiences, and the connection to ordinary, professional agriculture is strong. While Oslo and Bergen have developed strategies for developing urban agriculture, Trondheim has consciously chosen not to do so.