bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sosyal bilgiler dersinde farklı kavram öğretim uygulamalarının karşılaştırılması: bir karma yöntem araştırması
Authors: Koçan Ercan , Geçit Yılmaz
Published: September 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı, sosyal bilgiler dersindeki farklı kavram öğretim uygulamalarının (De Cecco Kavram Öğretim Modeli ile Martorella Kavram Analizi Stratejisi’nin) öğrencilerin kavram öğrenme başarısına etkisini karşılaştırmak ve öğrencilerin uygulamalara yönelik görüşlerini incelemektir. Araştırmada nicel ve nitel araştırma yöntemlerinin beraber kullanıldığı karma yöntem, araştırma desenlerinden iç içe karma desen kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın nicel boyutunda kontrol grupsuz ön test-son test deneysel desen kullanılarak iki deney grubu karşılaştırılmıştır. Çalışma grubu, 6. sınıfta öğrenim gören 54 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Nicel verilerin analizinde istatistik programı ve parametrik testler kullanılmıştır. Nitel veriler, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeyle toplanmış ve içerik analiziyle çözümlenmiştir.
Tartışma ve sonuç bölümünde nicel ve nitel sonuçlar birleştirilmiştir. De Cecco Kavram Öğretim Modeli (tümevarım yaklaşımı) ile Martorella Kavram Analizi Stratejisi (tümdengelim yaklaşımı) karşılaştırıldığında öğrencilerin kavram öğrenme başarılarının birbirine yakın düzeyde oldukları ve her iki uygulamanın da sosyal bilgiler dersindeki coğrafi kavramların öğretiminde kullanılabileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca uygulamalarda kavram öğrenme başarısını etkileyen benzer ve farklı unsurlar tespit edilmiştir. Tartışma ve sonuç bölümünde nicel ve nitel sonuçlar birleştirilmiştir. De Cecco Kavram Öğretim Modeli (tümevarım yaklaşımı) ile Martorella Kavram Analizi Stratejisi (tümdengelim yaklaşımı) karşılaştırıldığında öğrencilerin kavram öğrenme başarılarının birbirine yakın düzeyde oldukları ve her iki uygulamanın da sosyal bilgiler dersindeki coğrafi kavramların öğretiminde kullanılabileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca uygulamalarda kavram öğrenme başarısını etkileyen benzer ve farklı unsurlar tespit edilmiştir.
Yer değiştiren yerleşmeleri hümanist coğrafya perspektifinden okumak: Bozkır filmi içerik analizi
Authors: Dinç Yücel
Published: September 2024

İnsanın yaşadığı yerdeki hatıra ve deneyimleri zamanla o yere karşı bağlılık duygusunu geliştirir. Böyle bir yerleşmenin yer değiştirmesi ihtimali ortaya çıkarsa bu durum insan davranış ve ilişkilerini nasıl etkiler? Yer değiştiren yerleşmeler özelinde bu davranış ve ilişkileri açıklayabilecek insan odaklı bir yaklaşım benimsenebilir mi? Bu araştırma sorularından hareketle çalışmanın amacı; yer değiştiren yerleşmelerle ilgili betimsel coğrafya çalışmalarından farklı olarak konunun bilimsel çerçevesini hümanist coğrafya perspektifinde ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmada, yönetmenliğini ve senaryosunu Ali Özel’in yaptığı ve 2019 yılında gösterime giren Bozkır filmi içerik yönünden analiz edilmiştir. Film, Konya’nın Hadim ilçesine bağlı Dedemli köyünün yer değiştirme sürecini konu almaktadır. Çalışmada öncelikle Bozkır filmi indirilmiş ve filmin transkripsiyonu yapılmıştır. Daha sonra yer değiştiren yerleşme konusunu hümanist perspektifle açıklayabilecek tema ve kodlar oluşturulmuştur. Tema ve kodlar, MAXQDA 2020 programında işlenmiş ve bu program yardımıyla belge portreleri ve kelime bulutu hazırlanmıştır. İçerik analizleri, filmde yere bağlılık ve kabullenme temalarının diğer temalardan çok daha baskın olduğunu ve filmin bu temalar arasındaki çatışmalarla şekillendiğini göstermiştir. Çalışmanın bulguları; yerleşmelerin yer değiştirmesi süreçlerinde bu sürecin baş aktörü olan insanın duygu, düşünce, davranış ve beklentilerinin asla görmezden gelinmemesi gerektiğini ortaya koymuştur.
Afet eğitiminde coğrafi bir miras olarak afet müzeleri
Authors: Durmuş Esen , Kınacı Müşerref Kübra , Kuruyer Dilan
Published: September 2024

Afetler, doğal ve beşeri kaynaklı olabilen ve öngörülmesi mümkün olmayan olaylardır. Bu nedenle afetleri en az zararla atlatmak için afetlere karşı hazırlıklı olmak gerekmektedir. Eğitim kurumlarında çeşitli kaynaklar aracılığıyla, öğrencilerin afetler hakkında bilinçlenmeleri ve toplumsal farkındalık kazanmaları sağlanmaktadır. Afet eğitimi için önemli kaynaklardan biri olan afet müzeleri; afetlerin doğası, hazırlık süreçleri, afet anı ve afet sonrası arama kurtarma çalışmaları hakkında kapsamlı bilgi ve eğitim sunarlar. Afet eğitiminin önemli bir parçası olan afet müzelerinin afet eğitimi veren akademisyenlerin bakış açısıyla değerlendirilmesi, bu araştırmanın konusunu oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma olgubilim deseni ile yürütülmüştür. Ölçüt örnekleme ile belirlenen 17 akademisyen araştırmanın çalışma grubunu oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre, afet müzelerinin afete hazırlık süreçlerinde etkili olduğu ve afet eğitiminin önemli bir parçası olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu müzeler, bireylerin afetlere karşı bilgi ve bilinç düzeylerini artırarak, olası afetlere karşı daha hazırlıklı olmalarını sağlamaktadır. Ayrıca, afet müzelerinin toplumun her kesimindeki bireyler için erişilebilir olması önemlidir.
Büyükdere havzasına (Hizan-Bitlis) ait alt havzaların hidromorfometrik analizlerle taşkın duyarlılıklarının korelasyonu
Authors: Matpay Bülent
Published: September 2024

Çalışma alanı, Dicle havzası içinde Bitlisi’in Hizan ilçesinin güney kesiminde bulunan beş alt havzayı kapsamaktadır. Bu havzalar insan aktivitelerinin yoğun yapıldığı (üzüm bağcılığı, bahçe işleri, pirinç çeltikleri, fındık yetiştiriciliği, arıcılık faaliyetleri, hayvancılık gibi), nüfus ve yerleşmenin fazla olduğu konumdadır. Alt havzalar farklı özelliklere (litoloji, yükselti, eğim, morfoloji gibi) sahiptir. Havzalarda farklı zamanlarda sel ve taşkınlar meydana gelmiş olup can ve mal kayıpları yaşanmıştır. Kendine özgü coğrafi koşullara sahip alt havzaların hidromorfometrik indislerle taşkın duyarlılıkları korele edilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda sayısal yükselti modelinden, 1/25000 ve 1/100000 ölçekli haritalardan, uzaktan algılama teknikleri ve arazi gözlemlerinden faydalanılarak Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemi (CBS) yazılımı üzerinden morfometrik analizler yapılmıştır. Hidromorfometrik hesaplama sonuçları havzalar için kıyaslandığında havzaların maruz kaldığı iç ve dış etmenler benzerlik gösterse de taşkın için kullanılan indis sonuçları farklılık göstermektedir. Bu sonuçlara göre alt havzaların taşkın duyarlılığı sınıflaması birbirlerine göre kıyaslandığında fazladan aza doğru sırasıyla Ağılözü havzası, Pürtük Deresi havzası, Hizan havzası, Kesen Deresi havzası ve Cemeceli Deresi havzasıdır. İklim değişikliğinin tesiriyle gitgide su baskınlarının artış gösterebileceği öngörülen alt havzalarda olumsuz etkileri en aza indirgemek için proaktif bir bakışın oluşturulması gereklidir. Bu durum doğal ortam-insan ilişkisinin doğru kurgulanması bakımından önemlidir. Kısaca bu çalışmada ulaşılan indis sonuçlar ile alt havzaların karşılaştırılmalı analizi, taşkın bakımından havza önceliklendirilmesi, coğrafi planlaması (yerleşim yeri, tarımsal aktiviteler gibi) yapılabilir. Bu haliyle çalışma havza yönetim planlamalarına ve literatüre katkı sunacağı düşünülmektedir.
Afişlerin diliyle küresel ısınma
Authors: Kayaardı Fatoş , Bozyigit Recep
Published: September 2024

Bu araştırmada coğrafya eğitimi anabilim dalı ile grafik ve fotoğrafçılık alanı öğrencilerinin küresel ısınma konusundaki algılarının ve bu süreci nasıl değerlendirdiklerinin ortaya çıkarılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda; coğrafya eğitimi ile grafik ve fotoğraf alanı öğrencilerinin küresel ısınma konusunda tasarladıkları afişler incelenmiştir. Araştırma, nitel araştırma içerisinde yer alan doküman analizi yöntemi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma, 23 katılımcı ile yürütülmüştür. İki farklı alanda eğitim gören bireylerin çalışmaya dâhil edilmesi çeşitliliği artırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Katılımcıların tasarladığı afişler içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Afişlerin temaları ve sık kullanılan kavramları belirlenmiştir. Coğrafya eğitimi anabilim dalı öğrencileri; küresel ısınmanın meydana getireceği değişimleri, bu değişimlere engel olabilmek adına önlemlerin alınması gerektiğini ve bu önlemlerin başında çevre eğitiminin, insanların tutum ve davranışlarının önemini vurgulayan afişler hazırlamışlardır. Grafik ve fotoğraf alanı öğrencileri ise daha çok küresel ısınmanın sebebini ve sonucunu vurgulayan afişler hazırlamışlardır. Elde edilen veriler sonucunda tüm eğitim kademelerinde, küresel ısınma konulu etkinliklerin ve çalışmaların yaygınlaştırılması önerilmektedir.
Boletín Económico Regional : Noroccidente, II trimestre de 2024
Authors:   Sección Sucursales Regionales Estudios Económicos
Published: September 2024

En el segundo trimestre de 2024, la economía de Noroccidente siguió con bajo desempeño, aunque con signos de mejora en algunas actividades. El sector agropecuario creció, el comercio revirtió levemente su caída, mientras que la industria moderó su ritmo de contracción. En la construcción, el área causada aumentó en uso residencial, pero algunos indicadores relacionados con obras civiles se contrajeron. El transporte cayó en terrestre de pasajeros, pero se destacó el de carga. Por su parte, la ocupación hotelera siguió en negativo y los saldos de crédito cayeron, en mayor medida en consumo, pese a la leve recuperación en hipotecario. En el ámbito externo, las exportaciones, lideradas por oro, banano, alimentos y energía, aumentaron, mientras que las importaciones disminuyeron. Finalmente, la tasa de desempleo bajó en Medellín, pero subió en Quibdó, en tanto que la inflación en la capital de Antioquia siguió moderándose.
Empirical Models Determinant Employee Commitment and Retention Determinants in Shopping Centers: A Case of Indonesia
Authors: Sarwani Sarwani
Published: September 2024

One of the business strategies to win the competition is to recruit the best employees and retain potential employee’s possessed by the organization to still faithful to the organization. Determinants of employee commitment and retention conclude by transient that organizational communication factors, leadership roles, and employee training aspects are highly considered to resolve employee problems in the organization. In this context, an empirical study in the shopping centers to examine the most significant determinants of commitment factors and their implication on employee retention. This paper takes a quantitative approach, with participants from one shopping center in a big city in Indonesia, with of final sample of 169 usable data observations. Data analysis methods take structural equation modeling with a confirmatory factor analysis approach. The findings confirm that organizational communication and training have relevance to employee commitment and retention determinants. Hence, organizations are required to consider those affecting determinants to retain their commitments. It is believed that it adds literature on retention determinants as well as builds awareness in decision-makers on focus to evaluate various leadership styles in manager owns to reach organization sustainability.
Egy „rendszerváltó időutazás” margójára : Laki László (2021): A „színlelt” szocializmusból a „színlelt” kapitalizmusba. (Szerk. Békés Zoltán) Szeged: Belvedere.
Authors: Bayer József
Published: September 2024

A könyv szociológiai tanulmányokat és kritikai elemzéseket tartalmaz az 1989–1990-es rendszerváltás társadalmi folyamatáról. A szerző két feladatra is vállalkozik: elsőként az általa két évtizeden át folytatott empirikus szociológiai vizsgálatok alapján részletes diagnózist nyújt a magyarországi rendszerváltozás társadalmi következményeiről. A könyv bemutatja a vidéki társadalom változó életviszonyait, a gazdasági átalakulás hatását a munkavállalók, a nők és a fiatalok életére. A szerző kritikusan reflektál arra is, hogy az új politikai osztály nem tudott kielégítő megoldást találni a transzformációs válság okozta, széles társadalmi rétegeket sújtó szociális viszontagságokra. A könyv második részében, a kudarc okait keresve egy társadalomtörténeti esszében áttekinti az elmaradottság felszámolására irányuló meg-megújuló, ám sorra meghiúsuló törekvéseket. A félperifériás, függő kapitalizmus felemás polgárosodása után a radikális, függő államszocializmus kettős gazdasága sem hozott megoldást, a rendszerváltás után létrejövő duális gazdaság és társadalmi dezintegráció pedig aláássa a politikai demokráciát.
Spectroscopic Analysis of Ammonium Nickel Sulphate Solution
Authors: H. K. Semwal  , Himanee Bisht
Published: September 2024

Using double-beam UV/Vis spectrophotometer, the spectrum absorbed by the solution of Ammonium Nickel Sulphate (H8N2NiO8S26H2O) determined, and the relationship between concentration and absorption was graphed. Using a cuvette containing distilled water in the reference cell and Ammonium Nickel Sulphate with a concentration of 0.0871 mole/litre in the sample cell, absorption was measured at various wavelengths.
СОЦІАЛЬНА РОБОТА З ЛЮДЬМИ ПОХИЛОГО ВІКУ В УМОВАХ ГЛОБАЛЬНОГО СТАРІННЯ
Authors: МАЦКЕВІЧ Юліана
Published: September 2024

За останні роки тривалість життя населення на планеті зросла. Це призвело до підвищення рівня глобального старіння. Така проблема формує перед суспільством нові виклики, пов’язані з підтримкою та соціальним забезпеченням людей похилого віку. У зв’язку з цим, постає необхідність у пошуку нових ефективних методів взаємодії з цією віковою групою населення. Мета дослідження полягає в комплексному і всебічному опрацюванні питання соціальної роботи з людьми похилого віку в умовах глобального старіння. Для досягнення мети були використані загальнонаукові методи пізнання. На основі аналізу наукової літератури досліджено вплив демографічних та соціокультурних процесів на необхідність адаптації соціальних програм та послуг для людей похилого віку відповідно до їх потреб та можливостей. Розглянуто інноваційні підходи, впроваджені у сфері соціальної роботи з цільовою аудиторією, що дозволяють вдосконалити процес надання допомоги та підтримки вразливої категорії населення. З’ясовано перспективи розвитку соціальної роботи з людьми похилого віку в умовах загострення демографічної проблеми старіння населення, які потребують впровадження інноваційних методів підтримки. Використання новітніх технологій і методів у соціальній роботі може значно покращити якість життя літніх людей. Сюди варто віднести розробку програм, орієнтованих на індивідуальні потреби, а також застосування цифровізованих рішень для забезпечення ефективної підтримки та догляду. Соціальна робота з людьми похилого віку є актуальною та важливою складовою сучасного соціального середовища. Глобальне старіння населення ставить перед суспільством нові виклики та завдання, в тому числі щодо розробки та впровадження ефективних програм та послуг для осіб похилого віку. Дослідження підтвердило необхідність постійного вдосконалення соціальних умов та їх адаптації до змін у демографічному та соціокультурному просторі. Напрацьовані результати можуть стати основою для подальших наукових досліджень та розвитку практичних рекомендацій з покращення якості життя людей похилого віку в умовах глобального старіння.
АКТУАЛЬНІ НАПРЯМИ ПІДГОТОВКИ СОЦІАЛЬНИХ ПРАЦІВНИКІВ ДО РОБОТИ З ВЕТЕРАНАМИ ВІЙНИ, ЯКІ МАЮТЬ ПТСР ВНАСЛІДОК УЧАСТІ У БОЙОВИХ ДІЯХ
Authors: БУТИЛІНА Олена , НЕСТЕРЕНКО Дар’я
Published: September 2024

У статті розглядаються важливі напрями підготовки соціальних працівників до ефективної взаємодії з ветеранами війни, що мають ПТСР. Крізь призму визначених напрямів роботи з цією категорією клієнтів, проведений аналіз освітнього й організаційного ресурсів підготовки фахівців. Мета роботи. Окреслення актуальних напрямів роботи і професійних ролей соціальних працівників та оцінка наявних освітніх й організаційних ресурсів, які забезпечують формування відповідних компетентностей фахівців, необхідних для ефективної взаємодії з ветеранами, що мають ПТСР внаслідок участі у бойових діях. Методологія. Досягнення поставленої мети забезпечено використанням методів теоретичного аналізу, а також методу аналізу документів, а саме, професійно-освітніх програм підготовки бакалаврів за спеціальністю 231 «Соціальна робота». Наукова новизна. Обґрунтовано і доповнено напрями соціальної роботи із ветеранами війни, з огляду на специфіку стану і потреб військових, що мають ПТСР, визначено й схарактеризовано професійні ролі фахівців у взаємодії з клієнтами – представниками визначеної групи. Висунуто пропозиції щодо удосконалення системи підготовки соціальних працівників на рівні освітніх установ та організацій соціальної сфери. Висновки. Ветерани війни з ПТСР є складною категорією клієнтів. Соціальна робота з цією групою має бути комплексною і містити соціально-психологічну, медико-соціальну, соціально-педагогічну та інформаційну складову. Актуалізувались наступні професійні ролі соціальних працівників: терапевт, фасилітатор, консультант, наставник, координатор (менеджер), вчитель. Загальна підготовка поки що не може в повному обсязі забезпечити формування та розвиток у фахівців актуалізованих навичок, необхідних для роботи з ветеранами із ПТСР. Проте у своїй роботі фахівці відчувають таку потребу. Має відбутись модернізація системи професійної підготовки майбутніх фахівців та підготовки/підвищення кваліфікації вже працюючих соціальних працівників.
Aging in Suburban Canada
Authors: Hartt Maxwell , Channer Natalie S. , Biglieri Samantha
Published: September 2024

In this overview chapter, we call upon data from Statistics Canada and the academic literature to present some stylized facts and figures regarding suburban older adults and a synthesis of the challenges and opportunities of aging in suburban environments. This chapter serves to provide (1) a snapshot of Canadian suburban demographic trends, (2) an overview of the state-of-the-art thinking on suburban aging, and (3) contextual framing for the in-depth research chapters and vignettes that make up the suburban part of this book.
The Relationship Between The Exchange Rate and The Price Elasticity of Demand for Some Imported Intermediate Goods in Iraq for The Period 2010-2021
Authors: Khaleel Ibraheem Ban , Mustafa Abdul Hameed Manahel
Published: September 2024

The research provides several analyses, scientific evidence, and theoretical evidence, which clarify the relationship between the exchange rate in Iraq and the import of a group of intermediate goods for the period 2010-2021, as the research problem is represented by the problems and obstacles that caused a decline in the level of local production, and which contributed to an imbalance in output. GDP, and then an imbalance in the (non-oil) trade balance within the current account of the balance of payments. The research discussed the basic concepts of the exchange rate and its determination mechanism, price elasticity, intermediate goods and the relationship between these variables. After that, price elasticity coefficients were arrived at for three intermediate goods imported to Iraq: ordinary cement, resistant cement, and diesel oil for engines, according to the price elasticity formula, according to partial economic theory. The research aims to reveal the response of local demand for these goods through the effect of the exchange rate in Iraq, which translates the prices of these goods locally.
Moreover, a statement: Does the exchange rate in Iraq support local production by importing these goods? Is there a commitment to control border crossings and internal price control to prevent monopoly? What is the role of documentary credits as a tool for financing imports in Iraq? The research results showed that the exchange rate in Iraq needs to consider the necessity of these goods and their competition with local production.
 
Paper Type: Research Paper.
The Effect of the Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on the Asymmetry of Accounting Information
Authors: Taleb Abdullah * Zahraa , Abdullah Ibrahim Mohammed
Published: September 2024

The research aims to clarify the impact of adopting International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on the asymmetry of accounting information. To achieve the research goal, the researchers selected commercial banks listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange as a research community, specifying (12) commercial banks as a sample for the research, and relied on the financial statements. Actually, for a period of (6) years (2013-2018), divided into (3) years before the adoption of IFRS and three years after the adoption of IFRS.A measure of the dispersion of financial analysts' forecasts was used to measure the impact of adopting IFRS on the asymmetry of accounting information. The researchers reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which is that the main reason for most countries in the world moving towards adopting IFRS has resulted  of the developments witnessed in the financial markets have witnessed in the last two decades, economic units searching for sources of financing have turned to capital markets located outside the borders of their country in search of better investment opportunities because of the intensity of savings and investments in global markets
 
Paper Type: Research Paper
The Mediating Influence of Accounting Information Relevance on Mitigating Information Asymmetry via IT Governance Implementation
Authors: H. Thabit* Thabit , H. Abdullah Salman
Published: September 2024

This research investigates the mediating role of Accounting Information Relevance (AIR) in mitigating Information Asymmetry (IA) through the implementation of Information Technology Governance (ITG) practices within the context of private commercial banks in Iraq. IA is a persistent concern in financial markets and firms, as it can lead to adverse consequences such as agency problems and reduced efficiency. The sample for this research comprises 99 employees from five private commercial banks operating in Iraq, and data analysis is conducted using the Smart PLS. By focusing on the unique setting of Iraq's private banking sector, this research contributes to the existing literature by shedding light on the effectiveness of ITG practices in a transitional economy. The research hypothesizes that the implementation of ITG practices positively influences the reduction of IA within these banks. Moreover, it proposes that AIR serves as a mediating mechanism, whereby the enhanced ITG practices lead to more relevant and timely accounting information, subsequently reducing IA. The findings of this research have implications for both scholars and practitioners in the fields of finance, accounting, and ITG. By examining the mediating role of AIR, this research finds that the combined relationship between ITG, AIR, and IA did not produce statistically meaningful outcomes in our examination. This suggests that the combined impact of these variables might not follow a linear pattern or could be contingent on specific contextual factors. It is possible that further investigation is necessary to elucidate the subtleties of this relationship.
 
Paper type: Research paper
THE ROLES OF TRADITION AS AN IDEA FOR THE DOCUMENTARY FILM ‘MAPPADEKKO’ WITH EXPOSITORY DIRECTING STYLE
Authors: Annisa A.Mulya , Harsakya Cahya Surya , Kurniawan Donie Fadjar , Nugrahaning Widhi Dwi Putri
Published: September 2024

The Mappadekko Documentary Film is a form of cultural preservation that raises the issue of the role of traditional leaders in preserving a nearly extinct annual tradition in Camba District. Mappadekko is a form of gratitude to God Almighty for the success of planting rice. The narrative structure of this film employs the 5W+1H framework for storytelling. The film employs an expository directing approach. The expository directing approach primarily documents the involvement of traditional leaders in the Mappadekko tradition through the use of narration and interviews. This style prioritizes informal shooting activities to convey the message directly to the audience, minimizing the potential for other interpretations. The Mappadekko documentary film conveys a message that urges the audience, particularly the younger generation, to prioritize cultural awareness and preservation
A snapshot of personalized medicine in palliative care
Authors: Behmanesh Hakhamanesh
Published: September 2024

Palliative care is an interdisciplinary care system that addresses the physical, emotional, social, and spiritual needs of patients and their families facing serious illness. It includes a team of medical professionals who work together to improve patient overall quality of life. While almost half of those who die in the US receive hospice services, many hesitate to enrol early due to the requirement to forgo curative treatment. To meet this challenge, unlike hospice care which may require forgoing curative treatment, palliative care services can be provided alongside curative treatments. When disease-modifying treatments are no longer an option, the traditional roles of medical team members change, with palliative medicine experts taking on a larger role in patient care. This comprehensive care can include managing pain and symptoms, providing social services and counselling, and assisting with daily living activities and spiritual support, among other services. Overall, palliative care services aim to enhance existing care services and involve additional support from family and community groups.
Sound localization circuits in reptiles
Authors: Han Dawei , Fuquen Rebeca W. , Willis Katie L. , Christensen-Dalsgaard Jakob , Carr Catherine E.
Published: September 2024

Location of sound sources is a fundamental task of the auditory system. Recent studies have shown that land vertebrates employ an array of sound localization strategies. We have therefore compared auditory brainstem circuits by measuring cell numbers in the cochlear nuclei in relation to brain weight among different groups of reptiles to determine if these behavioral differences are reflected in the organization of the brainstem. In extant archosaurs, the birds and crocodilians, the two ears are weakly connected pressure receivers, and sound direction is computed by binaural interactions in brain involving parallel processing of interaural time and level differences. The first-order cochlear nuclei are nucleus magnocellularis (NM) and nucleus angularis (NA). NM projects bilaterally to the nucleus laminaris (NL), where interaural time differences are computed in archosaurs. Relative to brain size, NA, NM and NL cell counts of the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) are similar to those of birds. Testudines (turtles and tortoises), sister group to archosaurs, are also assumed to compute sound location from binaural interactions in the brain due to weakly connected middle ears. Compared to archosaurs, NA, NM and NL of the red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta), common snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina) and Hermann’s tortoise (Testudo hermanni) are all proportionally small. In lizards, due to the strong internal coupling of the middle ears, the cochlear nerve responses are directional, and interaural time and level differences are co-dependent and frequency dependent, suggesting that the neural processing of sound direction may be different from archosaurs. Compared to archosaurs, NM and NL of the tokay gecko (Gekko gecko) and green iguana (Iguana iguana) are proportionally small, but NA is well-developed, suggesting a greater importance of the NA pathway for the processing of the high-frequency directional information generated by the coupled ears. Snakes originated from lizard ancestors, but have secondarily lost their eardrums, and their sound localization strategies are unknown. NA and NM of the western ratsnake (Pantherophis obsoletus) are proportionally smaller than those of the lizards.
PhIP-Seq: methods, applications and challenges
Authors: Huang Ziru , Gunarathne Samarappuli Mudiyanselage Savini , Liu Wenwen , Zhou Yuwei , Jiang Yuqing , Li Shiqi , Huang Jian
Published: September 2024

Phage-immunoprecipitation sequencing (PhIP-Seq) technology is an innovative, high-throughput antibody detection method. It enables comprehensive analysis of individual antibody profiles. This technology shows great potential, particularly in exploring disease mechanisms and immune responses. Currently, PhIP-Seq has been successfully applied in various fields, such as the exploration of biomarkers for autoimmune diseases, vaccine development, and allergen detection. A variety of bioinformatics tools have facilitated the development of this process. However, PhIP-Seq technology still faces many challenges and has room for improvement. Here, we review the methods, applications, and challenges of PhIP-Seq and discuss its future directions in immunological research and clinical applications. With continuous progress and optimization, PhIP-Seq is expected to play an even more important role in future biomedical research, providing new ideas and methods for disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.
Multiple applications of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in the treatment of orthopedic diseases
Authors: Zhao Ziwen , Wang Chenxu , Liu Aiguo , Bai Ning , Jiang Bo , Mao Yuanfu , Ying Ting , Dong Daming , Yi Chengqing , Li Dejian
Published: September 2024

Pharmacologic treatment of orthopedic diseases is a common challenge for clinical orthopedic surgeons, and as an important step in the stepwise treatment of orthopedic diseases, it is often difficult to achieve satisfactory results with existing pharmacologic treatments. Therefore, it is increasingly important to find new ways to effectively improve the treatment pattern of orthopedic diseases as well as to enhance the therapeutic efficacy. It has been found that metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) possess the advantages of high specific surface area, high porosity, chemical stability, tunability of structure and biocompatibility. Therefore, MOFs are expected to improve the conventional traditional treatment modality for bone diseases. This manuscript reviewed the applications of MOFs in the treatment of common clinical bone diseases and look forward to its future development.
Six transition patterns and seven capture types in different left bundle branch bipolar pacing configurations
Authors: Zhang Lu , Jiang Longfu , Luo Binbin , Shen Jiabo , Wu Hao , Zeng Weifang
Published: September 2024

Aims

This study aims to explore the different transition patterns and capture types during two bipolar pacing tests based on the selective left bundle branch (LBB) capture determined by the continuous pacing and recording technique.

Methods

In total, 67 patients completed two unipolar and two bipolar pacing tests based on selective LBB capture during screwing-in for left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) using the continuous pacing and recording technique. The electrophysiological characteristics and potential mechanisms of different pacing configurations were further evaluated in this study.

Results

We found six transition patterns and derived seven capture types in two bipolar pacing tests according to the analysis of continuous electrocardiogram and electrogram changes. Compared with the conventional configuration of “Tip−Ring+” bipolar pacing, “Ring−Tip+” testing had a lower threshold for simultaneous capture of the LBB and the left and right ventricular septum myocardium (1.57 vs. 2.84 V at 0.5 ms) and was the only configuration to yield the peculiar “LBBP + right ventricular septum pacing (RVSP)” capture type.

Conclusions

In this study, we observed for the first time that “Ring−Tip+” bipolar pacing allows for a lower clinically applicable pacing threshold for simultaneous capture of the LBB and left and right ventricular septum myocardium, and the peculiar “LBBP + RVSP” capture type. This may be a more advantageous physiological pacing configuration, warranting further investigation and application in the future.

Lay summary

Based on the specific selective LBB capture, we first found six transition patterns and derived seven capture types in two bipolar pacing tests due to the different thresholds of the LBB, left ventricular septal myocardial, and right ventricular septal myocardial. Compared with the conventional configuration of “Tip−Ring+” bipolar pacing, “Ring−Tip+” testing had a lower threshold for simultaneous capture of the LBB and the left and right ventricular septum myocardium (1.57 vs. 2.84 V at 0.5 ms) and was the only configuration to yield the peculiar “LBBP + RVSP” capture type. More pacing strategies should be released and investigated to achieve the best physiological pacing according to the individualized electrophysiological characteristics of patients.
Deepfake: definitions, performance metrics and standards, datasets, and a meta-review
Authors: Altuncu Enes , Franqueira Virginia N. L. , Li Shujun
Published: September 2024

Recent advancements in AI, especially deep learning, have contributed to a significant increase in the creation of new realistic-looking synthetic media (video, image, and audio) and manipulation of existing media, which has led to the creation of the new term “deepfake.” Based on both the research literature and resources in English, this paper gives a comprehensive overview of deepfake, covering multiple important aspects of this emerging concept, including (1) different definitions, (2) commonly used performance metrics and standards, and (3) deepfake-related datasets. In addition, the paper also reports a meta-review of 15 selected deepfake-related survey papers published since 2020, focusing not only on the mentioned aspects but also on the analysis of key challenges and recommendations. We believe that this paper is the most comprehensive review of deepfake in terms of the aspects covered.
The immune response to Covid-19 mRNA vaccination among Lymphoma patients receiving anti-CD20 treatment
Authors: Komlodi-Pasztor Edina , Escarra-Senmarti Marta , Bazer Danielle A. , Bhatnagar Aastha , Perez Heydrich Carlos A. , Messmer Marcus , Ambinder Richard F. , Gladstone Douglas E. , Clayton Laura , Goodrich Amy , Schoch Laura , Wagner-Johnston Nina , VandenBussche Christopher J. , Huang Peng , Holdhoff Matthias , Rosario Maximillian
Published: September 2024

The monoclonal antibody rituximab improves clinical outcome in the treatment of CD20-positive lymphomatous neoplasms, and it is an established drug for treatment of these cancers. Successful mRNA COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination is extremely important for lymphoma patients because they tend to be elderly with comorbidities which leaves them at increased risk of poor outcomes once infected by Coronavirus. Anti-CD20 therapies such as rituximab, deplete B-cell populations and can affect vaccine efficacy. Therefore, a knowledge of the effect of COVID-19 vaccination in this group is critical. We followed a cohort of 28 patients with CD20-positive lymphomatous malignancies treated with rituximab that started prior to their course of COVID-19 vaccination, including boosters. We assayed for vaccine “take” in the humoral (IgG and IgA) and cellular compartment. Here, we show that short-term and long-term development of IgG and IgA antibodies directed toward COVID-19 spike protein are reduced in these patients compared to healthy controls. Conversely, the robustness and breath of underlying T-cell response is equal to healthy controls. This response is not limited to specific parts of the spike protein but spans the spike region, including response to the conserved Receptor Binding Domain (RBD). Our data informs on rational vaccine design and bodes well for future vaccination strategies that require strong induction of T-cell responses in these patients.
Immunomics in one health: understanding the human, animal, and environmental aspects of COVID-19
Authors: Gao Jing , Zhang Chutian , Wheelock Åsa M. , Xin Siming , Cai Hui , Xu Lei , Wang Xiao-jun
Published: September 2024

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic underscores the critical need to integrate immunomics within the One Health framework to effectively address zoonotic diseases across humans, animals, and environments. Employing advanced high-throughput technologies, this interdisciplinary approach reveals the complex immunological interactions among these systems, enhancing our understanding of immune responses and yielding vital insights into the mechanisms that influence viral spread and host susceptibility. Significant advancements in immunomics have accelerated vaccine development, improved viral mutation tracking, and broadened our comprehension of immune pathways in zoonotic transmissions. This review highlights the role of animals, not merely as carriers or reservoirs, but as essential elements of ecological networks that profoundly influence viral epidemiology. Furthermore, we explore how environmental factors shape immune response patterns across species, influencing viral persistence and spillover risks. Moreover, case studies demonstrating the integration of immunogenomic data within the One Health framework for COVID-19 are discussed, outlining its implications for future research. However, linking humans, animals, and the environment through immunogenomics remains challenging, including the complex management of vast amounts of data and issues of scalability. Despite challenges, integrating immunomics data within the One Health framework significantly enhances our strategies and responses to zoonotic diseases and pandemic threats, marking a crucial direction for future public health breakthroughs.
Reflections on the reform of multi-tiered sea use right in China
Authors: Yu Minna , Yue Xinkai
Published: September 2024

As China’s marine economy continues to flourish, the scarcity of offshore marine space has become increasingly apparent. The establishment of multi-tiered sea use right in 2023 represents an effective solution to facilitate the scientific allocation and effective protection of marine resources, thereby promoting high-quality development of marine economy. This paper offers a comprehensive and analytical overview of China’s multi-tiered sea use right reform in the context of current status of ocean multi-use research and practice worldwide. China’s multi-tiered sea use is an innovative practice of ocean multi-use in western countries. This paper adopts the methods of literature analysis, normative analysis, empirical analysis and case study. On the basis of comparative analysis of multi-tiered sea use in China and ocean multi-use in western countries, benefits and challenges of China’s multi-tiered sea use right reform were summarized and analyzed, and suggestions from multiple perspectives are provided for implementing and developing multi-tiered sea use right in China.
Near-shore remote sensing target recognition based on multi-scale attention reconstructing convolutional network
Authors: Zhao Song , Wang Long , Song Lujie , Ma Pengge , Liao Liang , Liu Zhaoyu , Zhao Xiaobin
Published: September 2024

Accurate identification of coastal hyperspectral remote sensing targets plays a significant role in the observation of marine ecosystems. Deep learning is currently widely used in hyperspectral recognition. However, most deep learning methods ignore the complex correlation and data loss problems that exist between features at different scales. In this study, Multi-scale attention reconstruction convolutional network (MARCN) is proposed to address the above issues. Firstly, a multi-scale attention mechanism is introduced into the network to optimize the feature extraction process, enabling the network to capture feature information at different scales and improve the target recognition performance. Secondly, the reconstruction module is introduced to fully utilize the spatial and spectral information of hyperspectral imagery, which effectively solves the problem of losing spatial and spectral information. Finally, an adaptive loss function, coupling cross-entropy loss, center loss, and feature space loss is used to enable the network to learn the feature representation and improve the accuracy of the model. The experimental results showed that the effectiveness of MARCN was validated with a recognition rate of 96.62%, and 97.92% on the YRE and GSOFF datasets.
A preliminary investigation of incorporating cellulose nanocrystals into engineered cementitious composites
Authors: Yang Xiao , Ren Jian-Guo , Li Lian-Xu , Wang Zhen , Zhang Qi-Hang , Liu Qiao-Ling
Published: September 2024

This paper explored the effects of various amounts of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), namely 0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.4% of binder weight, on the rheology, pore structure, mechanical properties, and 3D distribution of fibers of an engineered cementitious composite (ECC). The two rheological parameters, namely the yield stress and plastic viscosity, of the matrix containing the CNCs increased. Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) analysis, as a non-destructive method, proved that the addition of the CNCs to the ECC could reduce the porosity of the material and refine its pore size distribution. The addition of the CNCs enhanced the compressive strength of the ECC by 19.6%–33%. The results from uniaxial tensile tests showed incorporating the CNCs into the matrix could enhance the initial cracking strength and ultimate tensile strength of the ECC but reduce their tensile strain-hardening capacity. The optimal addition of 0.1% CNCs could effectively offset the decrease in strength due to increasing FA content, and maintain a relatively high level of tensile strain capacity of over 3%. Finally, X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) with ORS Dragonfly software was employed to reconstruct 3D images of the ECC to present the improvement in the fiber distribution due to the addition of the CNCs.
Utilizing deep learning models in an intelligent spiral drawing classification system for Parkinson’s disease classification
Authors: Farhah Nesren
Published: September 2024

Introduction

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative illness that impairs normal human movement. The primary cause of PD is the deficiency of dopamine in the human brain. PD also leads to several other challenges, including insomnia, eating disturbances, excessive sleepiness, fluctuations in blood pressure, sexual dysfunction, and other issues.

Methods

The suggested system is an extremely promising technological strategy that may help medical professionals provide accurate and unbiased disease diagnoses. This is accomplished by utilizing significant and unique traits taken from spiral drawings connected to Parkinson’s disease. While PD cannot be cured, early administration of drugs may significantly improve the condition of a patient with PD. An expeditious and accurate clinical classification of PD ensures that efficacious therapeutic interventions can commence promptly, potentially impeding the advancement of the disease and enhancing the quality of life for both patients and their caregivers. Transfer learning models have been applied to diagnose PD by analyzing important and distinctive characteristics extracted from hand-drawn spirals. The studies were carried out in conjunction with a comparison analysis employing 102 spiral drawings. This work enhances current research by analyzing the effectiveness of transfer learning models, including VGG19, InceptionV3, ResNet50v2, and DenseNet169, for identifying PD using hand-drawn spirals.

Results

Transfer machine learning models demonstrate highly encouraging outcomes in providing a precise and reliable classification of PD. Actual results demonstrate that the InceptionV3 model achieved a high accuracy of 89% when learning from spiral drawing images and had a superior receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve value of 95%.

Discussion

The comparison results suggest that PD identification using these models is currently at the forefront of PD research. The dataset will be enlarged, transfer learning strategies will be investigated, and the system’s integration into a comprehensive Parkinson’s monitoring and evaluation platform will be looked into as future research areas. The results of this study could lead to a better quality of life for Parkinson’s sufferers, individualized treatment, and an early classification.
Response surface methodology-based optimization of Inonotus hispidus’ liquid fermentation medium and evaluation of its exopolysaccharide activities
Authors: Gao Yuhan , Li Xiaomin , Xu Hui , Sun Huijuan , Zhang Junli , Wu Xiaoping , Fu Junsheng
Published: September 2024

Introduction

Inonotus hispidus, commonly referred to as the Sanghuang mushroom, is a species that is consumed as a tea. To date, this is the only species of the same fungus that has been successfully cultivated.

Methods

A single-factor test was conducted using Inonotus hispidus MS-5 and MS-9 as test materials. The response surface methodology was adopted to design and optimise the liquid fermentation medium for them.

Results

As indicated in the results, the optimum fermentation conditions for MS-5 include 24.09 g/L glucose, 7.88 g/L yeast extract, 0.99 g/L dandelion powder, 1.5 g MgSO4, 2 g KH2PO4, 0.01 g vitamin B1, and 1 L deionized water; the optimum fermentation conditions for MS-9 include 24.64 g/L glucose, 7.77 g/L yeast extract, 0.98 g/L dandelion powder, 1.5 g MgSO4, 2 g KH2PO4, 0.01 g vitamin B1, and 1 L deionized water. Under such conditions, the mycelial biomass (dry weight) values were able to reach 16.02 g/L and 14.91 g/L for MS-5 and MS-9, respectively, which were 1.6 and 1.54 times those measured before optimization.

Discussion

As revealed in the antioxidant and anticancer experiment, Inonotus hispidus exopolysaccharides has corresponding functional effects at the cellular level. This research optimised the liquid culture formulation of Inonotus hispidus and demonstrated that the function of it as a traditional Sanghuang herbal tea is well-documented.
Diagnostic value and correlation analysis of serum cytokine levels in patients with multiple system atrophy
Authors: Chen Xueping , Chen Sihui , Lai Xiaohui , Fu Jiajia , Yang Jing , Ou Ruwei , Zhang Lingyu , Wei Qianqian , Guo Xiaoyan , Shang Huifang
Published: September 2024

Background

The association between cytokines in peripheral blood and clinical symptoms of multiple system atrophy (MSA) has been explored in only a few studies with small sample size, and the results were obviously controversial. Otherwise, no studies have explored the diagnostic value of serum cytokines in MSA.

Methods

Serum cytokines, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), were measured in 125 MSA patients and 98 healthy controls (HCs). Correlations of these serum cytokines with clinical variables were analyzed in MSA patients. Diagnostic value of cytokines for MSA was plotted by receiver operating curves.

Results

No significant differences were found in sex and age between the MSA group and the HCs. TNF-α in MSA patients were significantly higher than those in HCs (area under the curve (AUC) 0.768), while IL-6 and IL-8 were not. Only Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) has a positive correlation between with TNF-α in MSA patients with age and age at onset as covariates. Serum IL-6 was associated with HAMA, Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), the Unified MSA Rating Scale I (UMSARS I) scores, the UMSARS IV and the Instrumental Activity of Daily Living scores. However, IL-8 was not associated with all clinical variables in MSA patients. Regression analysis showed that HAMA and age at onset were significantly associated with TNF-α, and only HAMA was mild related with IL-6 levels in MSA patients.

Conclusion

Serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels in MSA patients may be associated with anxiety symptom; however, only TNF-α was shown to be a useful tool in distinguishing between MSA and HCs.