bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acute Epstein–Barr virus positive cytotoxic T/Nature Killer cell lymphoid hyperplasia (AEBV+CT/NK-LH) mimicking natural killer/T cell lymphoma
Authors: Zhang Yanlin , Xie Jianlan , Zheng Yuanyuan , Zhou Xiaoge
Published: February 2023

To describe the clinicopathological features of seven patients with acute Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-positive cytotoxic T cell/ natural killer lymphoid hyperplasia (AEBV + CT/NK-LH) in the lymphnode, in which initial findings led to a preliminary misdiagnosis of extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma(NKTL). Seven cases in children and young people from China with AEBV + CT/NK-LH were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were healthy prior to illness. Sudden onset occurred in all patients, with high fever as the first symptom followed by lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly. The disease courses before diagnosis were less than 1.5 months. The majority of lymphocytes in the lesions expressed CD3 and Granzyme B or TIA-1, but not CD5 in all cases. CD56 was expressed in numerous cells in 5 of 7 cases. EBER was detected in medium to large-sized cells (50–100 cells per high-power field) in all cases. TCR gene rearrangement was observed in six cases, among which monoclonal rearrangement was found in four cases. All patients received conservative treatment, but not chemotherapy. Four patients underwent anti-HLH therapy, and the others received anti-inflammatory treatment. All patients survived. All patients underwent long-term clinical observation and follow–up and did not relapse. Therefore, AEBV + CT/NK-LH could elicit malignant features mimicking NK/T cell lymphoma pathologically and benign features mimicking IM clinically. The findings indicated that AEBV + CT/NK-LH should be taken into consideration as a potential diagnosis, thus further clinical information (such as age of onset [whether children and young people], nature of onset [whether sudden], disease course [whether short], symptoms [whether systemic], EBV infection status [whether acute], and lymph node involvement) is needed for accurate diagnosis and prognostic evaluation.
WITHDRAWN: Is Replacement of Aromatic Compounds with Alkyl Ones Really the Effective Way toward Developing Greener Lubricants?
Authors: Wang Ying , Dong Rui , Wang Hanwen , Ma Lin , Fan Mingjin
Published: February 2023

The present work designs a series of cycloalkyl ester oils and reports a comparative study on their physicochemical and tribological properties, biological toxicity and degradability. From the perspective of molecular structure, the factors affecting their physicochemical, tribological properties, biological toxicity and degradability were discussed, including steric hindrance, group polarity and so on. The results demonstrated that cycloalkyl ester oils had better thermal stability and viscidity-temperature capability than the reference oils. Additionally, their friction reducing and anti-wear performance was superior to the reference samples. Unexpectedly, the cycloalkyl ester oils were found to have higher toxicity to the experimental plants (wheat and pak choi) due to the introducing of the cycloalkyl group, which enhanced the lipophilicity of the corresponding oils and then strengthen the damaging of the oils to plant cell. Some of the cycloalkyl ester oils, on the other hand, were proved to be more biodegradable than the reference samples. On the whole, developing green lubricants by replacing aromatic rings is not entirely successful. Lubricants' biodegradability can be improved with this replacement, but their ecotoxicity cannot be reduced. Anyway, the present work provides a specific benchmark for the subsequent development of environmentally friendly, high-performance synthetic ester lubricants.
Division of labor and cooperation between different butyrophilin proteins controls phosphoantigen-mediated activation of human γδ T cells
Authors: Karunakaran Mohindar Murugesh , Subramanian Hariharan , Jin Yiming , Mohammed Fiyaz , Kimmel Brigitte , Juraske Claudia , Starick Lisa , Nöhren Anna , Länder Nora , Willcox Carrie R. , Singh Rohit , Schamel Wolfgang W. , Nikolaev Viacheslav O. , Kunzmann Volker , Wiemer Andrew J. , Willcox Benjamin E. , Herrmann Thomas
Published: February 2023

Butyrophilin (BTN)-3A and BTN2A1 molecules control TCR-mediated activation of human Vγ9Vδ2 T-cells triggered by phosphoantigens (PAg) from microbes and tumors, but the molecular rules governing antigen sensing are unknown. Here we establish three mechanistic principles of PAg-action. Firstly, in humans, following PAg binding to the BTN3A1-B30.2 domain, Vγ9Vδ2 TCR triggering involves the V-domain of BTN3A2/BTN3A3. Moreover, PAg/B30.2 interaction, and the critical γδ-T-cell-activating V-domain, localize to different molecules. Secondly, this distinct topology as well as intracellular trafficking and conformation of BTN3A heteromers or ancestral-like BTN3A homomers are controlled by molecular interactions of the BTN3 juxtamembrane region. Finally, the ability of PAg not simply to bind BTN3A-B30.2, but to promote its subsequent interaction with the BTN2A1-B30.2 domain, is essential for T-cell activation. Defining these determinants of cooperation and division of labor in BTN proteins deepens understanding of PAg sensing and elucidates a mode of action potentially applicable to other BTN/BTNL family members.
Total Absorption Photoabsorber (TAP) of Sunlight
Authors: Wang Hai-Lung
Published: February 2023

The conception of Total Absorption Photoabsorber (TAP) of photosource that full-range absorbs the most of (90% and above) photons of light source is proposed, such as TAP of sunlight, is the perfect absorber for solar energy applications. CE-LSPR absorber involving TAP makes the strongly coupling enhancement effect on localized surface plasmons resonance (CE-LSPR) to occur on the individual photoabsorber being TAP of sunlight (TAP for short). Each CE-LSPR absorber involving TAP displays strong absorbance intensity and ultrabroadband and full-range plasmonic resonance absorption spectrum continually across the UV-vis-NIR of sunlight, and vastly enhances the capacity of capturing the sunlight resulting from improving the optical properties of the individual photoabsorber. Since CE-LSPR absorber involving TAP improves the optical properties of individual photoabsorber and even realizes TAP of sunlight, the individual TAP of sunlight with strong intensity of molar absorption coefficient, ultrabroadband and full-range absorbing spectrum serves as TAP of sunlight for full-range capturing most of photons of sunlight. The above virtues make the TAP of sunlight being the best candidate of photoabsorber for full-range capturing sunlight. As powerful hot-spots, TAP of sunlight displays excellent overall performances for generating solar steam and simultaneously satisfying 3H virtues: high temperature, high rate, and high efficiency of photothermal conversion of solar steam in regime of daytime sunshine. The photothermal conversion efficiency (ηce), the rate of steam (V(AM1.5), and actual rate of steam (Va) are up to 87.65%, 19.30 g/(AM1.5·m2·min) and 1.52 g/min, respectively. Experimentally, TAP of sunlight efficiently harvests the dynamic variation of natural sunlight in whole daytime sunshine (310-1000 W/m2), even under poor sunlight irradiation (371-493 W/m2), it still keeps high efficiency (83.3-89.2%). The daytime average ηce, V(AM1.5), and Va are in the range of 71.2-83.3%, 13.3-15.4 g/(AM1.5·m2·min), and 0.9-1.4 g/min, respectively. These virtues will facilitate practical applications involving powerful solar steam with high-grade energy. TAP of sunlight will open up new research field-Total Absorption Photoabsorber (TAP) of photosource, individual photoabsorber displays excellent optical properties: strong absorbance intensity, ultrabroadband and full-range absorbing spectrum continually across sunlight for full-range capturing most of photons of sunlight.
Bovine Pericardial Strips / Peri-Strips Dry (BPS/PSD) Buttressing Versus No-Reinforcement, Oversewing/Suturing (OS/S), and Seamguard Buttressing (SGB) in Sleeve Gastrectomy. A Meta-Analysis of Comparative Studies.
Authors: Diab Abdul-Rahman Fadi , Liu Langfeier , Tyle Madison , Padilla George , Docimo Salvatore , Sujka Joseph Adam , DuCoin Christopher Garnet
Published: February 2023

Although laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is a simple procedure, it isn’t standardized when it comes to operative technique. Staple line reinforcement (SLR) is proven to be effective in reducing adverse postoperative outcomes, most importantly leaks and bleeding. However, no enough evidence in the literature supports one SLR method over others. The most prominent SLR methods available are oversewing/suturing (OS/S), omentopexy/gastropexy (OP/GP), Seamguard buttressing (SGB), bovine pericardial strips / peri-strip dry (BPS/PSD) buttressing, and fibrin gluing (FG). This study focuses on comparing BPS/PSD buttressing with no-SLR, OS/S, and Seamguard buttressing (SGB), by compiling all the data published in comparative studies, in a single meta-analysis paper.
Literarisches Verstehen als Zugang zu einer digitalen, nachhaltigen Welt?
Authors: Hollerweger Elisabeth
Published: February 2023

Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden Bausteine für die Verzahnung von Digitalisierung und Nachhaltigkeit im Literaturunterricht entworfen und an verschiedenen Beispielen konkretisiert. Diesen Bausteinen liegt die Annahme zugrunde, dass Gegenstandsauswahl, Methodensets und Zielformulierungen nachhaltig und digital ausgerichtet und zusammengedacht werden können. Die damit verbundenen Anforderungen werden einerseits an literarischen Werken veranschaulicht, in denen digitale Medien in enger Verbindung zu nachhaltigkeitsrelevanten Themen und Perspektiven stehen. Dabei finden Lektüren für verschiedene Jahrgangsstufen Berücksichtigung, um die spiralcurriculare Tragfähigkeit der Bausteine zu erproben. Andererseits stehen mediale Nachhaltigkeitserzählungen im Fokus, die Geschichten, fiktive Welten oder Motive mit medienspezifischen Mitteln ausgestalten. Auch hierfür wird auf die Bausteine zurückgegriffen, um ihre Wirksamkeit über die schriftbasierte Schullektüre hinaus auf den Prüfstand zu stellen. In beiden Teilen steht die Frage im Zentrum, wie Mensch-Umwelt-Medien-Beziehungen erzählerisch inszeniert werden, welche Unterrichtssettings sich daraus ergeben und wie sich Ziele des literarischen Verstehens, der Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung und des digitalen Lernens miteinander verbinden lassen.
FATIGUE IN MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
Authors: Delva Iryna
Published: February 2023

The article discusses and analyzes literature data on the phenomenon of fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis. More than 80% patients with multiple sclerosis complain of fatigue, which significantly limits their functional capacity and negatively affects the quality of life. In general, fatigue is a complex, multidimensional phenomenon that consists of subjective (one's own feeling of fatigue) and objective (quantitative characteristics of fatigue when performing a certain activity) components. At present, the most accessible method of fatigue assessment is patient survey. In multiple sclerosis, fatigue can be primary (as a direct consequence of the disease) or secondary (as a consequence of reduced functional capabilities, sleep disorders, chronic pain, side effects of medications, etc). In general, fatigue in multiple sclerosis is a heterogeneous phenomenon based on various etiopathogenetic mechanisms. We reviewed neuroimaging markers of global and focal lesions of the white and gray matter of the brain that are associated with the presence of fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis. The impact of peripheral immune-inflammatory processes on the fatigue occurrence was shown which was realized via humoral, cellular, and neuronal mechanisms. We analyzed the role of inflammatory processes in the brain and spinal cord in the form of activation of microglia with hyperproduction of cytokines, which ultimately disrupts dopamine metabolism and reduces the affinity of dopamine receptors. The excess activity of certain functional components of the nervous system in the form of higher engagement of the motor structures of the brain and spinal cord during the performance of standard motor tasks was highlighted. The role of disruption of interoceptive mechanisms (perception and monitoring of the body's internal environment via hormonal, immune, metabolic, temperature, pain, and visceromotor signals) in the occurrence of fatigue in multiple sclerosis was shown. The paper underlines modern principles of fatigue correction based on these mechanisms.
Konsumsi Kompensasi pada Intensi Bermain dan Pembelian Gim Virtual
Authors:   School of Business and Economic, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Indonesia, Tanuri Anndy , Timothy Stephen ,   School of Business and Economic, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Indonesia, Istijanto Istijanto ,   School of Business and Economic, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Indonesia, Prasetya Prita ,   School of Business and Economic, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Indonesia
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this research is to find out whether the consumption of compensation affects the intention to play and to buy virtual goods in context of the game Mobile Legends: Bang Bang. Researchers included the variables utility, self-indulgence, social interaction, and competitiveness to measure compensatory consumption indirectly. The data collection survey was conducted using an online judgmental sampling technique with the criteria of respondents being Mobile Legends: Bang Bang players aged 16 to 24 years living in Indonesia. SEM (Structural Equation Model) analysis using AMOS software was carried out on 292 samples obtained from online questionnaires using a judgmental sampling technique. The main findings in this study: (1) social interaction has a direct positive effect on the intention to buy virtual goods, (2) utility and self-indulgence are negative predictors of purchase intention, (3) the intention to play has a mediating effect on the effect of self-indulgence, interaction social media, and competitiveness towards purchase intentions of virtual goods.
Electronic Word-Of-Mouth dalam Pembelian Produk Kecantikan
Authors:   School of Business and Economic, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Indonesia, Firdausa Aura Fonda , Livina Livina ,   School of Business and Economic, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Indonesia, Istijanto Istijanto ,   School of Business and Economic, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Indonesia, Murniadi Krishnamurti ,   School of Business and Economic, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, BSD City Kavling Edutown I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Indonesia
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine whether the factors of e-WOM involvement (consumer opinions both positively and negatively towards a product or brand that are disseminated via the internet) can influence the intention to purchase skincare products on Instagram in Indonesia, through the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) theory. and Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA). Data analysis was carried out using AMOS Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with 360 respondent data through online questionnaires and using a non-probability sampling technique, namely judgmental sampling. This study provides findings, namely: (1) the quality of information and the quality of brand Instagram accounts have no effect on e-WOM involvement, (2) information credibility, social support, innovative behavior, and attitudes towards e-WOM have a significant effect on e-WOM involvement, (3) attitudes towards e-WOM have a significant effect on purchase intention, and (4) e-WOM involvement has a significant effect on purchase intention.
An improved multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis method for estimating the dynamic complexity of electrical conductivity of karst springs
Authors: Yu Miao , Xing Liting , Wang Liyan , Zhang Fengjuan , Xing Xuerui , Li Changsuo
Published: February 2023

Due to the influences of geological structures, many confined ascending springs occur in North China's karst area. The electrical conductivity (EC) of karst spring flow is a fundamental variable in characterizing karst systems. However, deeply exploring hidden nonlinear dynamic characteristics is challenging. To avoid overreliance on the fitting polynomial order in the detrending process via classic multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MFDFA), the intrinsic time-scale decomposition (ITD) method was applied to identify the external data trend term by decomposing the original data into different frequency modes, and the ITD-MFFA method was proposed to reveal the formation mechanism of spring EC complex characteristics in Jinan's spring area. The results showed that the EC sequences of North China's karst springs are characterized by multifractal behavior and anti-persistence and exhibit multiyear complexity with an overall decreasing trend. Different recharge sources, formation conditions, and seasonal precipitation could be the primary factors driving spring EC complexity. Compared to those of the traditional MFDFA method, the ITD-MFFA method achieved improved anti-interference ability and stability. Timely determination of spring EC data dynamic complexity and monitoring future spring water quality trends can provide guiding significance for protecting karst springs.
Assessment of climate change impact on hydrological components of Ponnaiyar river basin, Tamil Nadu using CMIP6 models
Authors: Balu Abinaya , Ramasamy Saravanan , Sankar Guganesh
Published: February 2023

This study aims to assess the climate change impacts on the hydrological components in the Ponnaiyar river basin using the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. This study used 13 Global Climate Models (GCM) from Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). Based on the performance evaluation of 13 CMIP6-GCMs, the best GCMs selected for future projections were EC-Earth3, MPI-ESM1-2-LR and MPI-ESM1-2-HR. SWAT-CUP (SWAT – Calibration and Uncertainty Programs) successfully calibrated and validated the SWAT model. The SWAT model simulated the hydrological components of the basin for the future period under SSP245 and SSP585 emission scenarios. The results indicated increased streamflow over the projected period due to increased rainfall in the basin. The annual surface runoff varied from −20.41 to −15.46%, −10.51 to 18.34% and 73.88 to 134.56% under the SSP585 scenario for the 2020s, 2050s and 2080s, respectively. For the future 2020s, the water yield varied from −7.02 to 11.36% and −1.41 to 6.15% for SSP245 and SSP585. During the 2050s and 2080s, there was an increase in water yield (7.89–21.18% and 36.12–115.25%) under SSP245 and SSP585 future climate scenarios. This study could help policymakers and stakeholders to develop adaptive strategies for the Ponniyar river basin.
REFORMA TRABALHISTA: TRABALHO DA MULHER GESTANTE E LACTANTE EM LOCAIS INSALUBRES E SEUS REFLEXOS
Authors: Feuser Marja Mariane , Goldschmidt Rodrigo
Published: February 2023

O presente artigo tem por objetivo realizar uma análise acerca das recentes alterações introduzidas pela Lei 13.457/17 e pela Medida Provisória 808/17 na Consolidação das Leis Trabalhistas (Decreto-Lei 5.452/1943), no que toca ao trabalho da mulher gestante e lactante e seus consequentes reflexos ao nascituro e a criança. Para isso, analisa a Teoria da Proteção Integral, preconizada na legislação constitucional e infraconstitucional, frente a atual vigência do artigo 394-A da lei trabalhista. Assim, após a análise dos dispositivos ligados a Teoria da Proteção Integral, apresenta-se uma visão crítica, destacando-se a existência de avanços ou retrocessos na temática. Para tanto, o presente artigo utiliza o método indutivo, com técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica.
Perspective and Prospects on Persistent Luminescent Nanoparticles
for Biological Imaging and Tumor Therapy
Authors: Sun Minghui , Chen Ming , Wang Jun
Published: February 2023

Persistent luminescent nanoparticles (PLNPs) are photoluminescent materials
that can still emit luminescence after the cessation of the excitation light source. In recent
years, due to their unique optical properties, the PLNPs have attracted extensive attention
in the biomedical field. Since the PLNPs effectively eliminate autofluorescence interference
from biological tissues, many researchers have contributed a lot of work in the
fields of biological imaging and tumor therapy. This article mainly introduces the synthesis
methods of the PLNPs and their progress in the application of biological imaging and
tumor therapy, as well as the challenges and development prospects.
Arginine Methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) Inhibitors with 3-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-
2-yl)anilines Core Identified by Virtual Screening and Biological Evaluation
Authors: Zhang Ying , Zhu Kongkai , Zhang Juan , Zhang Jin-He , Song Zhiling , Zhang Xinlei , Liu Shan-Kui , Jiang Cheng-Shi
Published: February 2023

Background:

PRMT5 is a major enzyme responsible for the post-translational symmetric demethylation of protein arginine residues, which has been validated as an effective therapeutic target for cancer. Thus, many nucleoside-based PRMT5 inhibitors have been reported in the past year.

Objective:

To discover a novel series of non-nucleoside PRMT5 inhibitors through a molecular docking-based virtual screening approach.

Methods:

Our in-house compound library was virtually screened using the Glide program, identifying a new PRMT5 inhibitor 1. Based on the structural similarity of hit 1, a series of structure-oriented derivatives, including 3a-3e, 7a-7g, and 12a-12f, were synthesized and selected for the inhibitory activity evaluation against PRMT5, as well as cytotoxicity against MV4-11 cell.

Results:

The analogs 7a-7e with benzimidazole core exhibited potent PRMT5 inhibitory activities, with 7e displaying the most potent activity with an IC50 of 6.81 ± 0.12 μM. In the anti-proliferative assay, compound 7e showed a strong inhibitory effect on MV4-11 cell growth. Finally, the binding mode of 7e with PRMT5 was predicted to provide insights for further structural optimization.

Conclusion:

The newly discovered PRMT5 inhibitors have potential antitumor activity against MV4-11 cells. This work highlighted this series of 3-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)aniline derivatives as novel anti-cancer lead compounds targeting PRMT5, which were worthy of further investigation.
An Overview of Recent Development in Carbon-Based Sensors for Neurotransmitter
Detection
Authors: Charithra Madikeri Manjunth , Manjunatha Jamballi Gangadarappa gowda , Hareesha Nagarajappa , Prinith Subbaiah Nambudamada , Ravishankar Doddarsikere K. , Arpitha Huligerepura J.
Published: February 2023

The electrochemical detection of neurotransmitters is an imperative application in the
field of analytical chemistry. The recent development in the electrochemical sensors based on carbon
electrodes is very important due to their sensitivity and simplicity. Using the carbon-based
sensor for the electrochemical analysis of the neurotransmitters is a simple method. Furthermore,
these above methods provide high sensitivity, are user-friendly, and are well-matched with the
concept of green chemistry. In light of this matter, this review article is devoted to the voltammetric
detection of neurotransmitters by using the carbon-based electrode. Here, we survey the accomplishments
in the determination of numerous neurotransmitters with high selectivity and sensitivity
provided using carbon-based electrodes. Attention is concentrated on the working electrode and its
promising modification which is vital for further analysis of the neurotransmitters.
Nano-combination for Reviving the Activity of Fluconazole against
Rhizopus delemar
Authors: Rawas-Qalaji Mutasem , Jagal Jayalakshmi , Fayed Bahgat , Hamdy Rania , Soliman Sameh S.M.
Published: February 2023

Background:

Rhizopus delemar, the main causative pathogen for the lethal mucormycosis
and a severe threat during the COVID-19 pandemic, is resistant to most antifungals,
including fluconazole, a known selective antifungal drug. On the other hand, antifungals are
known to enhance fungal melanin synthesis. Rhizopus melanin plays an important role in fungal
pathogenesis and in escaping the human defense mechanism, thus complicating the use of current
antifungal drugs and fungal eradication. Because of drug resistance and the slow discovery of
effective antifungals, sensitizing the activity of older ones seems a more promising strategy.

Methods:

In this study, a strategy was employed to revive the use and enhance the effectiveness of
fluconazole against R. delemar. UOSC-13, a compound synthesized in-house to target the Rhizopus
melanin, was combined with fluconazole either as is or after encapsulation in poly (lactic-coglycolic
acid) nanoparticles (PLG-NPs). Both combinations were tested for the growth of R. delemar,
and the MIC50 values were calculated and compared.

Results:

The activity of fluconazole was found to be enhanced several folds following the use of
both combined treatment and nanoencapsulation. The combination of fluconazole with UOSC-13
caused a 5-fold reduction in the MIC50 value of fluconazole. Furthermore, encapsulating UOSC-13
in PLG-NPs enhanced the activity of fluconazole by an additional 10 folds while providing a wide
safety profile.

Conclusion:

Consistent with previous reports, the encapsulation of fluconazole without sensitization
showed no significant difference in activity. Collectively, sensitization of fluconazole represents
a promising strategy to revive the use of outdated antifungal drugs back in the market.
Seroprevalence of ToRCH Pathogens among Children Admitted to a
Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern India for Cataract Surgery and
Cochlear Transplantation
Authors: Patra Abhilipsa , Parija Sucheta , Parida Pradipta K. , Behera Sanjay Kumar , Ghosh Amit
Published: February 2023

The study aims to investigate the presence of TORCH infections in a child with bilateral
cataracts and deafness and report the ToRCH-serology screening profile (Toxoplasma gondii
(TOX), rubella (RV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and herpes simplex virus (HSV-I/II)) in pediatric
cataract and deafness.

Methods:

Cases that had a clear clinical history of congenital cataracts and congenital deafness
were included in the study. The study population consisted of 18 bilateral cataracts and 12 bilateral
deafness child who was admitted to AIIMS Bhubaneswar for cataract surgery and cochlear implan-
tation, respectively. Sera of all children were tested qualitatively and quantitatively for
IgG/IgM-antibodies against ToRCH agents in a sequential manner.

Results:

Anti-IgG antibodies against the torch panel were detected in all cataract and deafness pa-
tients. Anti-CMV IgG was detected in 17 of 18 bilateral cataract children and 11 of 12 bilateral deaf
children. The rates of anti-CMV IgG antibody positivity were significantly higher. In the cataract
group, 94.44% and in the deafness group, 91.66% of the patient was Anti-CMV IgG positive. Be-
sides this, 77.7 % of the patient from the cataract group and 75% from the deafness group was anti-
RV IgG antibody positive. In bilateral cataract patients, IgG‑alone seropositive cases were mostly
attributed to CMV (94.44%; 17/18), followed by RV (77.70%; 14/18), HSV‑I (27.70%; 5/18), TOX
(27.70%; 5/18), and HSV‑II (16.60%; 3/18). In bilateral deafness patients, the spectrum of IgG
alone seropositive cases was almost the same except for TOX (0/12).

Conclusion:

The current study recommends interpreting ToRCH-screening in pediatric cataracts
and deafness with caution. Interpretation should include both serial qualitative and quantitative as-
says in tandem with clinical correlation to minimize diagnostic errors. The sero-clinical-positivity
needs to be tested in older children who might pose a threat to the spread of infection.
Preliminary Investigation of Normal Pancreas Elasticity using Point
Shear Wave Elastography
Authors: Almutairi Fahad F.
Published: February 2023

Background:

Point shear wave elastography (pSWE) is used to provide quantitative information
about the elasticity of the tissues. It has been used in many clinical applications to identify diseases
early. This study aims to assess the suitability of pSWE to evaluate pancreas tissue stiffness and
provide normal reference values for healthy pancreas tissues.

Methods:

This study was conducted in the diagnostic department at a tertiary care hospital between
October and December 2021. Sixteen healthy volunteers (eight men and eight women) participated.
Pancreas elasticity measurements were obtained in different regions of interest (head, body, and tail).
Scanning was performed by a certified sonographer using Philips EPIC7 ultrasound systems (Philips
Ultrasound; Bothel, WA, USA).

Results:

The mean velocity of the head of the pancreas was 1.3 ± 0.3 m/s (median: 1.2 m/s), the body
was 1.4 ± 0.3 m/s (median: 1.4 m/s), and the tail was 1.4 ± 0.4 m/s (median: 1.2 m/s). The mean dimension
was 17 ± 3 mm, 14 ± 4 mm, and 14 ± 6 mm for the head, body, and tail. The correlation of
pancreas velocity across different segments and dimensions shows no significant difference with p
values of 0.39 and 0.11, respectively.

Conclusion:

This study shows that assessing the elasticity of the pancreas using pSWE is possible. A
combination of SWVs measurements and dimensions could provide an early evaluation of pancreas
status. Further studies including pancreatic disease patients are recommended.
Signaling Pathways in Drosophila gonadal Stem Cells
Authors: Eslahi Maede , Nematbakhsh Negin , Dastmalchi Narges , Teimourian Shahram , Safaralizadeh Reza
Published: February 2023

The stem cells' ability to divide asymmetrically to produce differentiating and self-renewing
daughter cells is crucial to maintain tissue homeostasis and development. Stem cell maintenance and differentiation
rely on their regulatory microenvironment termed ‘niches’. The mechanisms of the signal
transduction pathways initiated from the niche, regulation of stem cell maintenance and differentiation
were quite challenging to study. The knowledge gained from the study of Drosophila melanogaster testis
and ovary helped develop our understanding of stem cell/niche interactions and signal pathways related to
the regulatory mechanisms in maintaining homeostasis of adult tissue. In this review, we discuss the role
of signaling pathways in Drosophila gonadal stem cell regeneration, competition, differentiation, dedifferentiation,
proliferation, and fate determination. Furthermore, we present the current knowledge on how
these signaling pathways are implicated in cancer, and how they contribute as potential candidates for
effective cancer treatment.
A Descriptive Review of Cannabis sativa Patents for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Pereira Isabela Fernandes , Santos Oliveira Ana Maria , Santos Anamaria Mendonça , de Melo Soares Denis , Serafini Mairim Russo , Almeida Alves Izabel
Published: February 2023

Background:

Cannabis use for tumor treatment has been explored in several areas, and
its potential for tumor remission is currently being studied after the discovery of the endogenous
cannabinoid.

Objective:

The study aimed to conduct a critical patent review to identify and explore the latest
advances and therapeutic strategies using Cannabis to treat cancer.

Methods:

The research was carried out in the free and online database Espacenet, using the descriptors
“cancer” and "Cannabis or cannabidiol" in the title or abstract. A total of 95 patents were
identified for preliminary evaluation in the database. Six duplicate patents were excluded, 12 referring
to traditional Chinese medicine and 36 with a title in disagreement with the scope of this
review. In addition the final selection involved 21 patents that were in line with the objective of
the study.

Results:

As observed in the reading of patents, the interest of pharmaceutical industries and researchers
and the development of new products to fight cancer have increased in recent years. The
main cannabinoids present in the patents are tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol, and hemp. Moreover,
the patents were classified and the main applicant countries were the United States followed
by Japan, with a higher filing rate in 2019 and, mainly by the industry.

Conclusion:

In conclusion we can say that, the importance of parliamentary approval in the cultivation
and investments that, in addition to bringing innovation to the industrial sector, enriches
research in the area, contributing to the creation of new medicines.
An In-House 3D Voxel Dosimetric Tool to Compare Predictive and Post-
Treatment Dosimetry in 90Y Radioembolization: A Proof of Concept
Authors: Ferrando Ornella , Bampi Rossana , Foppiano Franca , Ciarmiello Andrea
Published: February 2023

Aim:

The aim of this study was to implement an in-house dosimetric tool to assess tumour-
absorbed doses in pre and post-dosimetry for 90Y radioembolization with resin spheres.

Materials and Methods:

To perform dosimetric calculations we set up a dosimetric procedure and
developed homemade software to calculate tumour absorbed dose and dose volume histograms
(DVHs). The method is based on a simplified voxel dosimetry for an estimated 3D absorbed dose
and it can be applied to both 99mTc-MAA SPECT/CT and 90Y PET/CT acquisitions for pre and
post-dosimetry. We tested the software performance in a retrospective study using the data of 22
patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent radioembolization with 90Y resin spheres in
the period 2016-2021. The software calculates tumour doses (mean, minimum and maximum doses)
from voxel counts and dose-volume histograms (DVH_spect, DVH_pet) for both 99mTc-MAA
SPECT/CT and 90Y PET/CT imaging. DVH_spect and DVH_pet data were analyzed and compared
with the aim to assess an agreement between them. Concordance between dosimetric data
were evaluated with the Wilcoxon Signed Ranked test, descriptive statistical analysis and Pearson
correlation coefficient.

Results:

The mean administrated activity was 1313 MBq (range 444 MBq - 2200 MBq). Tumour
volumes ranged from 75 mL to 1012 mL. The mean absorbed dose for tumour volume was 161 ±
66 Gy (Dm_spect) and 173 ± 79 Gy (Dm_pet). From Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test the differences between
the dosimetric data extrapolated from DVH_spect and DVH_pet results were not significant
with α = 0.05 (two-sided test). A good linear correlation was found between 99mTc-MAA and 90Y
dosimetric data (Pearson correlation coefficient 0.887 p <0.001). Generally, DVHs calculated on
99mTc-MAA SPECT/CT and 90Y PET/CT gave comparable results, some discrepancies were observed
particularly with those patients where SPECT and PET imaging presented a visual mismatching.

Conclusion:

A simplified 3D dosimetry methodology was implemented and tested retrospectively
on patient data treated with 90Y resin spheres. Even if the clinical feasibility of our approach has to
be further validated on an extended patient cohort, the preliminary results of our study highlight
the potential of the implemented dosimetric tool for tumour dose assessment.
Neurobiological Staging with Special Reference to Sleep Apnoea Syndrome: An
Update
Authors: Sharma Anuj Kumar , Kulshreshtha Mayank
Published: February 2023

Sleep apnea (SA) or Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a widely spread sleep disorder marked by repetitions of a complete or partial collapse of
the upper airways during sleep. The pathogenesis of OSA is due to the recurrent obstruction of the pharyngeal airway during sleep. The risk factors
contributing to upper airway obstruction are obesity, cardiovascular diseases, craniofacial changes, alcohol and smoking. The condition is
associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The diagnosis is established with polysomnography (PSG). Lifestyle changes such as weight
loss, keeping away from alcohol, tobacco, and sedatives and altering the usual sleeping body position help out in decreasing apnoea symptoms.
Various treatments are available for the successful management of this disease, such as continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is mainly used
in patients with severe SA and oral appliances are widely used in mild to moderate SA and for patients intolerant to CPAP therapy. There are many
options available for surgical therapy, with the UPPP (Uvulopalato-pharyngoplasty) being the most widely employed. Also, a number of
medications such as tricyclic antidepressants (TCA’s), decongestants, nasal steroids, antihypertensive agents, CNS stimulants and supplementary
oxygen are used for treating patients with OSA.
Botanicals in Alleviating Menopause
Authors: Govindaraj Sujatha , Selwyn Anitha
Published: February 2023

Background:

Estrogens play a pivotal role in maintaining human health whose imbalance
leads to several disorders in the human system and most of these effects are observed during
menopause. A vast number of vasomotor symptoms have been observed among which hot flushes is
the most common. Though numerous medical regimens are available, Hormone Replacement Therapy
(HRT) is the most preferred one owing to its effectiveness in relieving menopausal symptoms.
But it might pave way for various other illnesses such as cancers in the reproductive system and
cardiac problems. Hence, a different strategy is required, which opened the vision towards
Complementary and Alternative Medicine which is preferred throughout the world due to its
efficacy and safety in varied medical issues.

Methods:

Data were collected from sources such as Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science,
Scientific Electronic Library Online, Google Scholar, EMBASE, PubChem and Dr. Duke’s
phytochemical and ethnobotanical databases.

Results:

An array of plants were listed encompassing the etymology, botany of the plants, chief
phytochemicals present with estrogenic potential and medicinal benefits. Vital phytoestrogens reported
were flavonoids, coumestans, stilbenes, chalcones and lignans. Phytoestrogenic compounds
were reported to empower women’s health during and after menopause.

Conclusion:

These botanicals are considered safe due to their low or no side effects but intensive
research is necessitated to validate the effectiveness and safety of phytoestrogens.
Brunner's Gland Hamartoma Masquerades as a Neoplastic Mass – A
Case Report
Authors: Bharti Jyotsna Naresh , Khade Shalaka , Elhence Poonam Abhay , Choudhary Ramkaran
Published: February 2023

Background:

Brunner's gland proliferation can mimic malignancy; the preoperative
diagnosis of this lesion is challenging, and it is accidentally identified during imaging. Most of
these lesions are identified as gastrointestinal stromal tumour or malignant tumour. The diagnosis
of these lesions requires a histopathological examination.

Case Presentation:

Herein, we present a case of Brunner's gland hyperplasia/hamartoma, which
was identified as a gastrointestinal stromal tumour at radiography and as submucosal thickening
in endoscopy during the routine workup of anemia. However, histopathological examination revealed
it to be a Brunner's gland hyperplasia/hamartoma.

Conclusion:

A preoperative diagnosis is challenging, so Brunner's gland hyperplasia/hamartoma should be considered as a differential diagnosis. The patient was found to be doing well on follow-up.
Clinical efficacy of Paribhadradi Pralepa on Sandhigata Vata (Osteoarthritis)
Authors: Kumara GUA  , Wadimuna WMDRW  , Pushpakumari WLARS
Published: February 2023

On the basis of symptomatology Sandhigata Vata has resemblance with osteoarthritis (OA) in modern medical science. In Ayurveda, symptoms of Sandhigata Vata are described as Hanti Sandhigati (restricted movements), Sandhi Shoola (joint pain), Sandhi Shotha (joint swelling or oedema), and Prasarana Akumcana Janya Vedana (pain in flexion and extention of the joints). It mainly affects weight bearing joints of the body especially hip and knee joints and mainly associated with aging, physical occupational activities and obesity. Paribhadradi Pralepa is a traditional preparation practiced at Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Teaching Hospital, Yakkala, Sri Lanka in treatment of Sandhigata Vata with successful results. So far, no known scientific study has conducted to evaluate the effect of Paribhadradi Pralepa in Sandhigata Vata. Hence, the present study was carried out. The clinical trial was conducted on 60 patients belonging to the age group of 35 to 60 years old. The prepared Pralepa was recommended to apply in the night for a period of fourteen days continuously. Severity of signs and symptoms were assessed before, during and after completion of the treatment using specially prepared grading scale. The reduction of clinical features was also assessed after two weeks of follow up period. Results were analyzed statistically and reduction of symptoms was statistically significant. It is concluded that Paribhadradi Pralepa is effective in management of Sandhigata Vata.
Technology Acceptance and Authenticity in Interactive Simulation: Experimental Study
Authors: Musa Dahlia , Gonzalez Laura , Penney Heidi , Daher Salam
Published: February 2023

Background

Remote and virtual simulations have gained prevalence during the COVID-19 pandemic as institutions maintain social distancing measures. Because of the challenges of cost, flexibility, and feasibility in traditional mannequin simulation, many health care educators have used videos as a remote simulation modality; however, videos provide minimal interactivity.

Objective

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the role of interactivity in students’ simulation experiences. We analyzed students’ perceptions of technology acceptance and authenticity in interactive and noninteractive simulations.

Methods

Undergraduate nursing students participated in interactive and noninteractive simulations. The interactive simulation was conducted using interactive video simulation software that we developed, and the noninteractive simulation consisted of passively playing a video of the simulation. After each simulation, the students completed a 10-item technology acceptance questionnaire and 6-item authenticity questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. In addition, we performed an exploratory analysis to compare technology acceptance and authenticity in interactive local and remote simulations using the Mann-Whitney U test.

Results

Data from 29 students were included in this study. Statistically significant differences were found between interactive and noninteractive simulations for overall technology acceptance (P<.001) and authenticity (P<.001). Analysis of the individual questionnaire items showed statistical significance for 3 out of the 10 technology acceptance items (P=.002, P=.002, and P=.004) and 5 out of the 6 authenticity items (P<.001, P<.001, P=.001, P=.003, and P=.005). The interactive simulation scored higher than the noninteractive simulation in all the statistically significant comparisons. Our exploratory analysis revealed that local simulation may promote greater perceptions of technology acceptance (P=.007) and authenticity (P=.027) than remote simulation.

Conclusions

Students’ perceptions of technology acceptance and authenticity were greater in interactive simulation than in noninteractive simulation. These results support the importance of interactivity in students’ simulation experiences, especially in remote or virtual simulations in which students’ involvement may be less active.
A Scalable Radiomics- and Natural Language Processing–Based Machine Learning Pipeline to Distinguish Between Painful and Painless Thoracic Spinal Bone Metastases: Retrospective Algorithm Development and Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Naseri Hossein , Skamene Sonia , Tolba Marwan , Faye Mame Daro , Ramia Paul , Khriguian Julia , David Marc , Kildea John
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND

The identification of objective pain biomarkers can contribute to an improved understanding of pain, as well as its prognosis and better management. Hence, it has the potential to improve the quality of life of patients with cancer. Artificial intelligence can aid in the extraction of objective pain biomarkers for patients with cancer with bone metastases (BMs).

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to develop and evaluate a scalable natural language processing (NLP)– and radiomics-based machine learning pipeline to differentiate between painless and painful BM lesions in simulation computed tomography (CT) images using imaging features (biomarkers) extracted from lesion center point–based regions of interest (ROIs).

METHODS

Patients treated at our comprehensive cancer center who received palliative radiotherapy for thoracic spine BM between January 2016 and September 2019 were included in this retrospective study. Physician-reported pain scores were extracted automatically from radiation oncology consultation notes using an NLP pipeline. BM center points were manually pinpointed on CT images by radiation oncologists. Nested ROIs with various diameters were automatically delineated around these expert-identified BM center points, and radiomics features were extracted from each ROI. Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique resampling, the Least Absolute Shrinkage And Selection Operator feature selection method, and various machine learning classifiers were evaluated using precision, recall, F1-score, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.

RESULTS

Radiation therapy consultation notes and simulation CT images of 176 patients (mean age 66, SD 14 years; 95 males) with thoracic spine BM were included in this study. After BM center point identification, 107 radiomics features were extracted from each spherical ROI using pyradiomics. Data were divided into 70% and 30% training and hold-out test sets, respectively. In the test set, the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of our best performing model (neural network classifier on an ensemble ROI) were 0.82 (132/163), 0.59 (16/27), 0.85 (116/136), and 0.83, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Our NLP- and radiomics-based machine learning pipeline was successful in differentiating between painful and painless BM lesions. It is intrinsically scalable by using NLP to extract pain scores from clinical notes and by requiring only center points to identify BM lesions in CT images.