bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Accompagner la réorientation en licence : une évaluation de l’implantation d’un dispositif d’aide à la réussite
Authors: Younès Nathalie , Robert Juliette , Guyon Elisa , Auriac-Slusarczyk Emmanuèle
Published: December 2020

L’article aborde la difficile question de l’évaluation des dispositifs d’aide à la réussite en licence par une étude approfondie, à l’UCA, du public cible d’un dispositif destiné à accompagner certains étudiants dans leur (ré)orientation en croisant les résultats de deux enquêtes. La première, conduite auprès d’étudiants de première année de licence, montre que ceux-ci ne diffèrent pas significativement, quant à leur potentiel besoin d’être accompagnés dans leur (ré)orientation, selon qu’ils aient été étiquetés oui ou oui, si sur Parcoursup. La seconde met en évidence d’une part que la maitrise de la langue intervient comme un fait saillant pour caractériser, par défaut, les étudiants suivis qualitativement. Et d’autre part, que les taux d’assiduité sont différents selon les filières expérimentées, Droit, AES, Economie, Gestion. Des interrogations se dégagent pour ajuster le dispositif à la réalité du public et choisir des modes de sélection plus adéquats et moins ségrégatifs.
Orienter et s’orienter vers l’enseignement supérieur dans un contexte de changement des politiques éducatives : incertitudes, choix, inégalités
Authors: Daverne-Bailly Carole , Bobineau Claudie
Published: December 2020

À travers un questionnement sur l’articulation entre la réforme du lycée de 2018 et la loi ORE, nous montrons que les dispositifs d’accompagnement à l’orientation se déclinent différemment dans les établissements de l’enseignement secondaire, selon les priorités affichées par les équipes de direction. Ces dispositifs activent pour l’essentiel des leviers organisationnels, l’engagement des enseignants étant contraint par de multiples difficultés. Ils sont saisis différemment par les lycéens, en fonction de leur capacité - socialement construite - à donner du sens à leurs études et se projeter dans l’avenir. Nos résultats, qui prennent appui sur l’analyse de 34 entretiens, 369 questionnaires et 13 débats de groupe, témoignent d’une difficulté à réduire les inégalités d’orientation vers l’enseignement supérieur.
Hospitalité épistémique et pédagogie universitaire : l’égalité et ses problèmes
Authors: Point Christophe
Published: December 2020

Depuis les travaux de Lévinas et Derrida, l’hospitalité n’est pas une valeur nouvelle. Cependant, elle reste étrangement peu mobilisée au sein des questions relatives à l’éthique et à la pédagogie universitaire. Or, nous souhaitons défendre ici que l’hospitalité, pensée par la philosophie pragmatiste, peut être une notion clé pour résoudre la question suivante : quelle égalité voulons-nous à l’université ? L’objectif de notre argumentation est double. Tout d’abord, nous montrerons en quoi le libéralisme à l’œuvre actuellement au sein des universités en vient à mettre dangereusement en tension l’égalité et la diversité, et ce au cœur même de nos pratiques pédagogiques quotidiennes. Puis, contre cette orientation libérale, nous proposons des pistes pour une autre éthique universitaire s’articulant autour de la notion d’hospitalité à soi, aux autres et aux savoirs. Cela dans le but de promouvoir à l’université une égalité, qui croît et se nourrit des différences plutôt que de leur déni ou leur rejet.
Les inégalités d’accès dans l’enseignement supérieur français depuis 1998 : beaucoup de réformes pour des résultats mitigés.
Authors: Jaoul-Grammare Magali
Published: December 2020

La dualité du système d’enseignement supérieur français -universités et grandes écoles-implique de nombreuses inégalités que s’efforcent de combattre les politiques. Depuis le début des années 1980, l’égalité des chances est au cœur de toutes les réformes éducatives et la priorité est donnée à la lutte contre les inégalités qu’elles soient de genre, sociales, culturelles ou géographiques. Partant de là, l’objectif de ce travail est d’analyser les effets de ces diverses réformes sur l’évolution des inégalités d’accès à l’enseignement supérieur, notamment l’accès aux formations prestigieuses. On estime une régression logistique multinomiale pour comparer les bases Génération 1998 et 2013 du Céreq en se focalisant sur quatre vecteurs d’inégalités : genre, origines culturelle, géographique et sociale. Nos résultats montrent que malgré la réduction de certaines inégalités, l’accès aux diverses orientations de l’enseignement supérieur et notamment l’accès aux formations prestigieuses, demeure très marqué par les inégalités, notamment de genre et sociales.
Un enseignement supérieur juste est-il possible ?
Authors: Annoot Emmanuelle
Published: December 2020

Cet article a pour finalité de constituer une synthèse des apports des quarante communications du colloque Égalité des chances… ou des réussites et des places dans l’enseignement supérieur ? – certaines ont fait l’objet d’un article scientifique dans ce dossier – et des textes parvenus à la suite de l’appel à contributions évoqué dans l’éditorial. Il tente d’apporter une réponse à la question générale ayant fondé l’organisation de ce colloque : Un enseignement supérieur juste est-il possible ? Se référant à l’ensemble des contributions, l’article définit les possibilités d’un enseignement universitaire plus juste, et donc plus égalitaire dans une approche systémique propre aux sciences de l’éducation et de la formation, mettant en relation les étudiants et enseignants-chercheurs interagissant dans des situations d’enseignement et d’apprentissage.
Trouver sa place dans le secteur académique, un projet de moins en moins attractif pour les doctorants ?
Authors: Calmand Julien , Giret Jean-François
Published: December 2020

Le doctorat est en France une condition nécessaire pour accéder à des postes de permanents de chercheurs et d’enseignants-chercheurs dans l’enseignement supérieur et la recherche publique. Il n’est cependant pas une condition suffisante, même si une majorité de jeunes doctorants souhaitent se stabiliser dans ces emplois. La formation doctorale, notamment depuis la création des écoles doctorales, a cherché à proposer d’autres alternatives professionnelles. A partir des enquêtes du Céreq sur l’insertion des jeunes docteurs, nos travaux soulignent une baisse assez sensible des aspirations des jeunes docteurs à rejoindre le secteur académique en fin de thèse. Ils montrent également que la hausse de la précarité dans ce secteur paraît affecter leur projet professionnel en les incitant à se tourner vers d’autres débouchés.
Utilization of health services for skin disorders during military operations. A population- based study
Authors: Horev Amir , Edan-Reuven Shanny , Eshel Ron , Novack Lena
Published: December 2020

In addition to the immediate casualties of armed conflicts, their indirect impact may bring even more damage by causing malfunctioning of health systems and impaired access to diagnosis and treatment. We conducted a population-based study, to assess the utilization rates of health services due to skin disorders, among civilians exposed to missile attacks and siren alarms during three military operations in Israel. The study was designed as a natural experiment, whereas periods of military operations were compared to the non-military times. During the military operations, when sirens and missiles were an everyday experience, the number of visits to dermatologists was 1.07-1.16 times lower [Relative Risk (RR)=0.86-0.92] as compared to the non-military periods, especially evident for patients residing closer to the military zone, where it dropped almost 2- folds (RR=0.52). Although perceived nonurgent in their majority, the routine care should not be delayed to prevent more serious skin conditions.
Development and Validation of Web-Based Nomograms to Precisely Predict Survival Outcomes of Non-metastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in an Endemic Area
Authors: Yao Ji-Jin , Lin Li , Gao Tian-Sheng , Zhang Wang-Jian , Lawrence Wayne R. , Ma Jun , Sun Ying
Published: December 2020

Purpose This study aimed to develop web-based nomograms to precisely predict survival outcomes in patients with non-metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in an endemic area.Materials and Methods A total of 10,126 patients who underwent radical intensity-modulated radiotherapy at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC) from 2009 to 2015 were analyzed. We assigned patients into a training cohort (SYSUCC-A, n=6,751) and an internal validation cohort (SYSUCC-B, n=3,375) based on computer-generated random numbers. Patients collected from Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital (WZRCH) between 2012 and 2015 were used as the independent external validation cohort (WZRCH, n=450). Concordance index (C-index) was used to determine predictive accuracy and discriminative ability for the nomogram. The web-based clinicopathologic prediction models for predicting survival were based on Cox regression. Results The C-indexes for SYSUCC-A, SYSUCC-B, and WZRCH cohorts for the established nomograms to predict 3-year overall survival (OS) was 0.736, 0.715, and 0.691. Additionally, C-indexes to predict 3-year distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) was 0.717, 0.706, and 0.686, disease-free survival (DFS) was 0.713, 0.697, and 0.656, local relapse-free survival was 0.695, 0.684, and 0.652, and regional relapse-free survival was 0.672, 0.650, and 0.616. The calibration plots showed great agreement between nomogram-predicted 3-year survival outcomes and actual 3-year survival outcomes. Moreover, C-indexes of the nomograms for OS, DMFS, and DFS were significantly superior than TNM stage (p< 0.001 for all).Conclusion These user-friendly nomograms can precisely predict survival endpoints in patients with non-metastatic NPC. They may serve as a useful tool for providing patient counseling and help physicians to make individual follow-up plans.
Metastability of the proximal point algorithm with multi-parameters
Authors: Dinis Bruno , Pinto Pedro
Published: December 2020

In this article we use techniques of proof mining to analyse a result, due to Yonghong Yao and Muhammad Aslam Noor, concerning the strong convergence of a generalized proximal point algorithm which involves multiple parameters. Yao and Noor’s result ensures the strong convergence of the algorithm to the nearest projection point onto the set of zeros of the operator. Our quantitative analysis, guided by Fernando Ferreira and Paulo Oliva’s bounded functional interpretation, provides a primitive recursive bound on the metastability for the convergence of the algorithm, in the sense of Terence Tao. Furthermore, we obtain quantitative information on the asymptotic regularity of the iteration. The results of this paper are made possible by an arithmetization of the lim sup.
Homoclinic tangency and variation of entropy
Authors: Bronzi Marcus , Tahzibi Ali
Published: December 2020

In this paper we study the e¤ect of a homoclinic tangency in the variation of the topological entropy. We prove that a diffeomorphism with a homoclinic tangency associated to a basic hyperbolic set with maximal entropy is a point of entropy variation in the

C^{\infty}

-topology. We also prove results about variation of entropy in other topologies and when the tangency does not correspond to a basic set with maximal entropy. We also show an example of discontinuity of the entropy among

C^{\infty}

diffeomorphisms of three dimensional manifolds.
Endowing evolution algebras with properties of discrete structures
Authors: González-López Rafael , Núñez Juan
Published: December 2020

In this paper, we introduce new results on evolution algebras obtained by following a relatively new line of research on these objects. It consists of the use of certain properties of graphs to facilitate the study of evolution algebras and reciprocally.
A new and improved genome sequence of Cannabis sativa
Authors: Braich Shivraj , Baillie Rebecca C. , Spangenberg German C. , Cogan Noel O. I.
Published: December 2020

Cannabis is a diploid species (2n = 20), the estimated haploid genome sizes of the female and male plants using flow cytometry are 818 and 843 Mb respectively. Although the genome of Cannabis has been sequenced (from hemp, wild and high-THC strains), all assemblies have significant gaps. In addition, there are inconsistencies in the chromosome numbering which limits their use. A new comprehensive draft genome sequence assembly (∼900 Mb) has been generated from the medicinal cannabis strain Cannbio-2, that produces a balanced ratio of cannabidiol and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol using long-read sequencing. The assembly was subsequently analysed for completeness by ordering the contigs into chromosome-scale pseudomolecules using a reference genome assembly approach, annotated and compared to other existing reference genome assemblies. The Cannbio-2 genome sequence assembly was found to be the most complete genome sequence available based on nucleotides assembled and BUSCO evaluation in Cannabis sativa with a comprehensive genome annotation. The new draft genome sequence is an advancement in Cannabis genomics permitting pan-genome analysis, genomic selection as well as genome editing.
Actitudes hacia la validación de aprendizajes previos y su inclusión en el Sistema Universitario Boliviano
Authors: Martínez Barrientos María Alejandra , Gairín Sallán Joaquín
Published: December 2020

Este estudio analiza las actitudes de instituciones universitarias de La Paz, Bolivia hacia procesos de validación de aprendizajes previos (VAP) y las experiencias que ya se han desarrollado. La teoría de Fishbein y Azjen sobre actitudes, permite analizar los factores para incluir poblaciones no tradicionales en itinerarios profesionalizantes. Se aplicó una encuesta para identificar carreras candidatas a VAP y un cuestionario para identificar actitudes de los actores vinculados a estos procesos. Los resultados muestran equilibrio las actitudes en favor y en contra, presentando las diferencias más relevantes en carreras técnicas y algunas en ciencias sociales y humanas como Comunicación y Psicopedagogía. Se concluye que aceptar estos procesos podría facilitar a las universidades abrir espacios para democratizar la educación superior reconociendo la experiencia empírica del aprendizaje no formal e informal, impactando el desarrollo social al promover el aprendizaje permanente y la profesionalización del recurso humano a niveles cada vez más elevados.
REVEALED COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE IN SOY EXPORTATION BETWEEN THE MAIN EXPORTERS IN BRAZIL/Vantagens comparativas reveladas da exportação de soja entre os principais exportadores do Brasil
Authors: Haliski Daniele Sedorko , Oliveira Renato Alves , Santos Jeronimo Alves
Published: December 2020

The objective of this work was verify the existence of Revealed Comparative Advantages for the export of soy beans produced in the states of Mato Grosso, Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Goiás and Mato Grosso do Sul, in relation to Brazil, in the years 2006 to 2016. The Revealed Comparative Advantage Index (IVCR) was initially used, however, because the index was asymmetric for values greater than unity, the Symmetric Revealed Comparative Advantage Index (IVCRS) was used, since in this index values vary between -1 and 1. The results indicate that all the states studied had an advantage in exporting soy beans. However, it was observed that the southern states presented a period of increase and later reduction in the IVCR, and the states of the Midwest region suffered only a reduction in the IVCR, possibly because soy bean products were losing a little of the representation in total exported. Finally, it was concluded that even though there are government incentives to export products such as soy beans, Brazil still faces problems with the flow of agricultural production, low storage capacity and port in efficiencies.
UMA ANÁLISE DO IMPACTO DOS ROYALTIES DE ITAIPU SOBRE O DESENVOLVIMENTO DOS MUNICÍPIOS LINDEIROS PARANAENSES/An analysis of the impact of royalties in Itaipu on the development of paranaense lindeiros municipalities
Authors: Andrade Neto Antonio Octaviano de , Raiher Augusta Pelinski
Published: December 2020

O artigo a seguir foca em analisar os impactos dos royalties de Itaipu no desenvolvimento dos municípios lindeiros paranaenses em comparação aos municípios do Paraná que não o receberam. Para isso, primeiramente, far-se-á uma análise descritiva acerca dos royalties e do desenvolvimento dos municípios e após, uma análise de seu impacto, através do método Propensity Score Matching(PSM), buscando verificar diferenças no nível de desenvolvimento entre os municípios receptores e não receptores de royalties causados por essa renda adicional. A proxy utilizada para o desenvolvimento será o Índice IPARDES de Desempenho Municipal (IPDM) e a análise se concentrará para os anos de 2010 e 2016, além de conferir sua evolução durante esse período.
ANÁLISE DA EFICIÊNCIA DO SUS NO ESTADO DO PARANÁ, NOS ANOS DE 2008 A 2013/Analysis of efficiency of Brazilian public helth system – SUS in Paraná (2008 – 2013)
Authors: Kasmin Marco Aurelio
Published: December 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a eficiência na gestão do setor de saúde pública no estado do Paraná, unidade de análise é a regional de saúde, o estado é dividido em vinte e duas unidades regionais, os dados utilizados são do período de 2008 a 2013, disponíveis no portal de informática do SUS - DataSUS, utilizou-se da abordagem não-paramétrica de análise envoltória de dados. Os resultados demonstraram a ocorrência de diferenças no nível de eficiência da gestão pública entre as unidades regionais, sobretudo nos grandes centros, no entanto com o uso do índice de Malmquist observa-se uma evolução no período.
Política de Reforma Agrária e o Processo de Titulação no Incra: Uma Análise na Superintendência de Santa Catarina/Agrarian reform policy and the titling process at Incra: an analysis at the Santa Catarina Superintendence
Authors: Figueredo Cléria , Silva Christian Luiz da
Published: December 2020

Resumo: O objetivo geral deste estudo foi analisar como é realizado o processo de emissão de Título Defintivo (TD), no Incra, na Superintendência Regional do Incra de Santa Catarina - SR(10)/SC. Nesse sentido, vinculando a tematica de gestão por processos, e a teoria dos pontos críticos. Como método realizou-se uma pesquisa de cunho quali-quanti e do tipo estudo de caso. A coleta de dados consisitiu pequisa documental, observação não particante e entrevistas semiestrutiradas. Resultados apontam a falta de metodologia adequada para a gestão do processo de titulação, além de se confirmar a presença dos pontos críticos apontados no referencial teórico, interesses políticos dominantes, tecnologia da informação precária, falta de planejamneto – alinhamento estratégico e a legislação. Porém, a gestão está iniciando os trabalho de mapeamento de processo para a implantação dessa nova forma de gestão.
Máquina amable, madre terrible
Authors: Camargo Hertz Wendel de , Pérez-Amezcua Luis Alberto
Published: December 2020

Proponemos una lectura del filme I Am Mother (2019), una de las producciones de ficción contemporáneas más celebradas de Netflix. A partir del concepto de arquetipo, analizamos desde la perspectiva de la mitocrítica cultural cómo el filme reconfigura los mitemas de la madre protectora, pero también los de la madre terrible, ya que el personaje robótico tiene un rol activo ante el destino que define los tipos heroicos y, así, la suerte de la humanidad. El tema se justifica por la actualidad de la distribución y consumo del cine en plataformas streaming, el cual representa un soporte eficaz para el texto mítico vivo y en circulación. Finalmente, ofrecemos la idea de que la eficacia del arquetipo que sustenta el texto fílmico se asienta más en los paradigmas míticos que en los científicos.
Diário de Mídia
Authors: Cavalcante Fernando Luiz Nobre
Published: December 2020

Proposta metodológica centrada em acervos imagéticos processualmente conduzidos por um diário de mídia. Revisa a utilização de imagens como técnica de retrato e autorretrato em uma suposta etnografia da mídia. Sugere, assim, que pela memória das experiências tecidas em dispositivos midiáticos, imagens fotográficas, imagens das imagens e imagens gráficas figurem dados qualitativos. Interações iniciadas via funcionalidades imagéticas do WhatsApp são o recorte empírico para aplicação dos diários de mídia. Averigua mensagens hiper instantâneas trocadas pela funcionalidade técnica status durante o carnaval brasileiro. A resistência política e a alegria carnavalesca tematizam estratégias de atração imagética de cenas políticas representacionais. A funcionalidade técnica analisada no diário de mídia reflete o momentum capturador das mimeses de atenção de um simulador jogo face a face midiatizado. Abre reflexões sobre estudos de antropologia da mídia centrada na utilização de imagens e desenhos digitais.
Saber total ou retorno ao obscurantismo? O papel do segredo nas comunicações digitais
Authors: Martins Ana Taís
Published: December 2020

Esse trabalho propõe-se refletir sobre as consequências que a vontade de informação plena acarreta aos imaginários através da digitalização das comunicações sociais. A potencialidade interativa das redes sociais traria uma virtual fragmentação do poder, subvertendo-se ordens secularmente estabelecidas. O ideal democrático da transparência teria um aliado na facilidade técnica do acesso a bancos de modo a se concretizar o direito à informação pública. Num mundo em que as sombras parecem ter sido eliminadas, nossa atenção crítica é solicitada a examinar as questões do imaginário, do mistério e do segredo face à circulação das informações nas comunicações digitais durante as eleições presidências brasileiras em 2018. Para tanto, parte-se da heurística afiliada à Teoria Geral do Imaginário (DURAND) e utiliza-se a metodologia filosófica (FOLSCHEID & WUNENBURGER), buscando os paradoxos da problemática, trabalhando com a oposição entre as doutrinas e explorando os sentidos diferentes no interior de uma mesma noção. Conclui-se que as práticas comunicacionais no contexto das eleições brasileiras em 2018 apresentam traços de sobrevivência do mito às custas de um processo degenerativo em que se transpõem para o tempo histórico características como a ruptura com a duração, o totemismo e o milenarismo. A comunicação interpessoal contradiz a alegada iluminação da disponibilidade universal de informações na internet, constituindo zonas de sombra protetivas nas quais ideias que normalmente sofreriam imediata oposição crescem e se fortalecem antes de se institucionalizarem.
Mídias digitais como auxiliares no processo criativo em Design - Análise de uso do aplicativo Farbe | Digital media as a tool of Design creative process – Use-case analysis of the mobile app Farbe
Authors: Wöhl Coelho Lydia Helena , Meurer Heli , Frosi Felipe Oviedo , Ravanello Ivna Motta , Dias Érica Arrué
Published: December 2020

Com vistas a subsidiar uma discussão acerca da contribuição de mídias digitais para a definição estético-formal de interfaces gráficas, desenvolveu-se um aplicativo que auxilia na escolha de cores em projetos de Design, denominado Farbe. Para análise de seu uso, inicialmente, revisou-se o referencial teórico sobre processo criativo e uso de cor na comunicação visual. Na sequência, desenvolveu-se o aplicativo para a realização de um experimento com alunos de Ensino Superior de Tecnologia em Produção Multimídia, em uma disciplina presencial de Novas Mídias. Após o uso do Farbe por esses alunos, mediu-se e classificou-se suas avaliações sobre o quanto o aplicativo os auxiliou, efetivamente, na escolha das cores de seus projetos. Por meio de levantamento e organização desses dados, foi possível extrair reflexões sobre a utilização de mídias digitais destinadas a servirem como ferramentas em processos criativos para o desenvolvimento de projetos em Design. In order to improve a discussion about digital media contribution to the graphic interfaces aesthetic-formal definition, a mobile app has been developed to assist the colour pallet definition in Design projects development, called Farbe. To analyze its use, a theoretical review about creative process and the application of colour in the visual communication was made. Afterwards, and based on theoretical review, the app was developed to carry out an experiment with undergraduate students of Technology in Multimedia Production, in a New Media discipline. After the use of Farbe by these students, their evaluations were measured and analyzed regarding aspects about the contribution of digital media tools in the context of creative processes on Design projects development.
Metodologia para inventário de revistas | Methodology for magazines inventory
Authors: Matos Kathellen Timoteo , Nascimento Bárbara Buzzetti , Santos Magna Nunes , Fonseca Letícia Pedruzzi
Published: December 2020

Este artigo demonstra uma proposta metodológica utilizada para inventariar quantitativamente e qualitativamente revistas capixabas encontradas nos três principais acervos públicos do Espírito Santo. O inventário foi pensado para apresentar dados sistematizados e concisos a fim de facilitar a utilização destas revistas como fontes de coleta de dados em pesquisas posteriores de áreas diversas. ****This paper demonstrates a methodological proposal used to inventory quantitatively and qualitatively capixaba magazines found in the three main public collections from Espírito Santo. The inventory was planned to present systemized and concise data in order to facilitate the usage of those magazines as data collection sources in later researches from distinct fields.
A justa medida da sinalização
Authors: 'Chamma' Norberto , Pastorelo Pedro Dominguez
Published: December 2020

O processo de criao e desenvolvimento de projetos de sinalizao amplo e envolve diversas variantes que no somente o design das placas e sua distribuio pelo espao. A integrao da sinalizao com o ambiente, sua legibilidade e a relao entre sinalizao e a identidade corporativa so aspectos a serem estudados e pr-determinados de forma a se encontrar a melhor soluo, seja para um shopping ou um hospital. [ Download ]
How alkaline compounds control atmospheric aerosol acidity
Authors: Karydis Vlassis A. , Tsimpidi Alexandra P. , Pozzer Andrea , Lelieveld Jos
Published: December 2020

Abstract. The acidity of atmospheric aerosols regulates the particulate mass, composition and toxicity, and has important consequences for public health, ecosystems and climate. Despite these broad impacts, the global distribution and evolution of aerosol acidity are unknown. We used the particular, comprehensive atmospheric multiphase chemistry – climate model EMAC to investigate the main factors that control aerosol acidity, and uncovered remarkable variability and unexpected trends during the past 50 years in different parts of the world. We find that alkaline compounds, notably ammonium, and to a lesser extent crustal cations, buffer the aerosol pH on a global scale. Given the importance of aerosols for the atmospheric energy budget, cloud formation, pollutant deposition and public health, alkaline species hold the key to control strategies for air quality and climate change.
Global cloud property models for real-time triage on board visible–shortwave infrared spectrometers
Authors: Sandford Macey W. , Thompson David R. , Green Robert O. , Kahn Brian H. , Vitulli Raffaele , Chien Steve , Yelamanchili Amruta , Olson-Duvall Winston
Published: December 2020

Abstract. New methods for optimizing data storage and transmission
are required as orbital imaging spectrometers collect ever-larger data
volumes due to increases in optical efficiency and resolution. In Earth
surface investigations, storage and downlink volumes are the most important
bottleneck in the mission's total data yield. Excising cloud-contaminated
data on board, during acquisition, can increase the value of downlinked data
and significantly improve the overall science performance of the mission.
Threshold-based screening algorithms can operate at the acquisition rate of
the instrument but require accurate and comprehensive predictions of cloud
and surface brightness. To date, the community lacks a comprehensive
analysis of global data to provide appropriate thresholds for screening
clouds or to predict performance. Moreover, prior cloud-screening studies
have used universal screening criteria that do not account for the unique
surface and cloud properties at different locations. To address this gap, we
analyzed the Hyperion imaging spectrometer's historical archive of global
Earth reflectance data. We selected a diverse subset spanning space (with
tropical, midlatitude, Arctic, and Antarctic latitudes), time (2005–2017),
and wavelength (400–2500 nm) to assure that the distributions of cloud
data are representative of all cases. We fit models of cloud reflectance
properties gathered from the subset to predict locally and globally
applicable thresholds. The distributions relate cloud reflectance properties
to various surface types (land, water, and snow) and latitudinal zones. We
find that taking location into account can significantly improve the
efficiency of onboard cloud-screening methods. Models based on this dataset
will be used to screen clouds on board orbital imaging spectrometers,
effectively doubling the volume of usable science data per downlink. Models
based on this dataset will be used to screen clouds on board NASA's
forthcoming mission, the Earth Mineral Dust Source Investigation (EMIT).
Modeling the dynamic behavior of a droplet evaporation device for
the delivery of isotopically calibrated low-humidity water vapor
Authors: Kerstel Erik
Published: December 2020

Abstract. A simple model is presented that gives a quantitative description of the dynamic behavior in terms of water concentration (humidity) and isotope ratios of a low-humidity water vapor generator. The generator is based on the evaporation of a nL-droplet produced at the end of syringe needle by balancing the inlet water flow and the evaporation of water from the droplet surface into a dry air stream. The humidity level is adjusted by changing the speed of the high-precision syringe pump and, if needed, the dry air flow. The generator was developed specifically for use with laser-based water isotope analyzers in Antarctica, and recently described in Leroy-Dos Santos et al. (2020). Apart from operating parameters such as temperature, pressure, water and dry air flows, the model has as "free" input parameters the water isotope fractionation factors and the evaporation rate. We show that the experimental data constrain these parameters to physically realistic values that are in reasonable to good agreement with literature values where available.
A machine learning approach to emulation and biophysical parameter estimation with the Community Land Model, version 5
Authors: Dagon Katherine , Sanderson Benjamin M. , Fisher Rosie A. , Lawrence David M.
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Land models are essential tools for understanding and predicting terrestrial processes and climate–carbon feedbacks in the Earth system, but uncertainties in their future projections are poorly understood. Improvements in physical process realism and the representation of human influence arguably make models more comparable to reality but also increase the degrees of freedom in model configuration, leading to increased parametric uncertainty in projections. In this work we design and implement a machine learning approach to globally calibrate a subset of the parameters of the Community Land Model, version 5 (CLM5) to observations of carbon and water fluxes. We focus on parameters controlling biophysical features such as surface energy balance, hydrology, and carbon uptake. We first use parameter sensitivity simulations and a combination of objective metrics including ranked global mean sensitivity to multiple output variables and non-overlapping spatial pattern responses between parameters to narrow the parameter space and determine a subset of important CLM5 biophysical parameters for further analysis. Using a perturbed parameter ensemble, we then train a series of artificial feed-forward neural networks to emulate CLM5 output given parameter values as input. We use annual mean globally aggregated spatial variability in carbon and water fluxes as our emulation and calibration targets. Validation and out-of-sample tests are used to assess the predictive skill of the networks, and we utilize permutation feature importance and partial dependence methods to better interpret the results. The trained networks are then used to estimate global optimal parameter values with greater computational efficiency than achieved by hand tuning efforts and increased spatial scale relative to previous studies optimizing at a single site. By developing this methodology, our framework can help quantify the contribution of parameter uncertainty to overall uncertainty in land model projections.
A case study of wind farm effects using two wake parameterizations
in WRF (V3.7) in the presence of low level jets
Authors: Larsén Xiaoli G. , Fischereit Jana
Published: December 2020

Abstract. While the wind farm parameterization by Fitch et al. (2012) in Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model has been used and evaluated frequently, the Explicit Wake Parameterization (EWP) by Volker et al. (2015) is less well explored. The openly available high frequency flight measurements from Bärfuss et al. (2019) provide an opportunity to directly compare the simulation results from the EWP and Fitch scheme with in situ measurements. In doing so, this study aims to compliment the recent study by Siedersleben et al. (2020) by (1) comparing the EWP and Fitch schemes in terms of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and velocity deficit, together with FINO 1 measurements and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data and (2) exploring the interactions of the wind farm with Low Level Jets. Both the Fitch and the EWP schemes can capture the mean wind field in the presence of the wind farm consistently and well. However, their skill is limited in capturing the flow acceleration along the farm edge. TKE in the EWP scheme is significantly underestimated, suggesting that an explicit turbine-induced TKE source should be included in addition to the implicit source from shear. The position of the LLJ nose and the shear beneath the jet nose are modified by the presence of wind farms.
QUALIDADE FÍSICO-QUÍMICA E MICROBIOLÓGICA DE BEBIDAS LÁCTEAS UAT COMERCIALIZADAS EM VIÇOSA-MG
Authors: Domingos Ana Carolina Gomes , Rodrigues Guilherme Ferraz , Da Cunha Adriano França , Lustosa Alexandre Alves , Silva Janilson Alves , Neves Letícia Da Silva , Ribeiro Henrique Cotta Brum , Rodrigues Bernardo Lacerda Matias
Published: December 2020

A bebida láctea é obtida da mistura de leite e soro de leite, fermentada ou não, e que pode comprometer a saúde do consumidor. Além disto, há risco de serem produzidas com soro contendo nitrato e nitrito devido a utilização de tais conservantes na fabricação de queijos. Portanto, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade microbiológica e físico-química em quatro marcas de bebidas lácteas UAT comercializadas na cidade de Viçosa (MG). Cinco lotes de cada marca foram avaliados quanto à contagem de mesófilos, coliformes totais e termotolerantes, fungos, Staphylococcus spp., pesquisa de Salmonella spp. e quanto aos teores de proteína e gordura de acordo com metodologias do Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento (MAPA). Os teores de nitrato e nitrito foram determinados de acordo com metodologia adaptada do MAPA para bebidas lácteas. Os resultados foram analisados de forma descritiva de acordo com os parâmetros legais estabelecidos pela legislação brasileira. Nenhuma amostra apresentou contagem de mesófilos, coliformes, fungos, Salmonella spp. e Staphylococcus spp., o que sugere que há controle de contaminação industrial e qualidade da matéria prima. Além disso, os produtos não foram violados durante o transporte e armazenamento, tanto na indústria quanto nos supermercados. Uma (5%) e 16 (80%) amostras apresentaram teores de proteína e gordura abaixo dos limites mínimos de 1g/100g e 2g/100g, respectivamente. Alterações nos teores sólidos se devem às variadas técnicas de processamento, uso de leite e soro de diferentes composições e à proporção de ingredientes não lácteos adicionados. Nenhuma amostra apresentou resultado positivo na prova de nitrito ou nitrato, o que sugere que as indústrias possuem controle de produção e qualidade do soro quanto à presença de tais conservantes. Portanto, bebidas lácteas de Viçosa (MG) possuem boa qualidade microbiológica e não apresentam nitrato e nitrito. Entretanto, as marcas avaliadas apresentam teores de gordura e proteína em desconformidade com a legislação.
CASUÍSTICA ODONTOLÓGICA DE ANIMAIS SELVAGENS NO LABORATÓRIO DE ODONTOLOGIA VETERINÁRIA DO HV-UFPR ENTRE MARÇO DE 2019 E FEVEREIRO DE 2020
Authors: Zvoboda Dejoara De Angelis , Da Cruz Kimberlly Karoline Correa , Soares Helena Baggio , Morais Marcos Vinícius , De Lima Thaiza Regina , De Oliveira Mariana Reffatti , Lange Rogério Ribas
Published: December 2020

O Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal do Paraná (HV-UFPR) é uma unidade de apoio ao atendimento de animais selvagens de vida livre resgatados e de cativeiro. O Hospital assessora órgãos públicos que realizam resgate de animais de vida livre, como o Instituto Água e Terra, e o Zoológico de Curitiba, prestando atendimento veterinário. Esse recurso é importante em vista necessidade de pronto atendimento sem que estas instituições disponham de estrutura hospitalar. O objetivo desse trabalho é de relatar os casos atendidos no período de março de 2019 a fevereiro de 2020 no Laboratório de Odontologia Veterinária do HV-UFPR. Foram atendidos nove animais selvagens, sendo cinco originários de resgate pelo Instituto Água e Terra e quatro do Zoológico de Curitiba. Dentre as espécies atendidas estão quatro primatas, sendo um deles do velho mundo, dois felídeos, dois didelphídeos e um ursídeo. Dentre os animais resgatados, todos apresentaram fraturas dentárias e/ou ósseas e dentre os animais de cativeiro, um apresentava fratura óssea, um apresentava fratura dentária e um caso de doença periodontal grave necessitando de múltiplas extrações. Em todos os animais foi realizada radiografia intraoral digital e avaliação minuciosa da cavidade oral e dos elementos dentários. Foi realizado o procedimento indicado para cada caso. O condicionamento animal para avaliação oral é muito importante em parques zoológicos para prevenção de afecções orais, pois muitas vezes a doença só é notada quando há sinais graves com comprometimento sistêmico. Nos casos de contenção química de animais selvagens, é fundamental realizar todos os exames possíveis, incluindo o exame completo da cavidade oral.
ENERGY CLUSTERS IN POLAND – A THEORETICAL APPROACH
Authors: Siudek Aleksandra , Klepacka Anna
Published: December 2020

The article attempts to theoretically analyze the concept of clusters, in particular energy clusters. The paper presents the economic evolution of the cluster theory and the current Polish approach to energy clusters. Cluster structures in Poland have been presented against a background of European experiences. It was found that the current progression of globalization prompts for saving measures, especially in the energy sector, which drives the operation of economies. The way to meet EU requirements regarding the increased share of renewable energy sources and consumption limitation of conventional resources may be distributed energy based on the actions of prosumers, which is undoubtedly manifested in energy clusters. An incentive to create energy clusters are competitions for projects supporting cluster initiatives announced by the National Fund for Environmental Protection and Water Management as the Implementing Institution under the Infrastructure and Environment 2014-2020 Operational Programme. Among 66 entities awarded the Pilot Energy Cluster Certificate, the largest number of energy clusters is located in the Mazowieckie Voivodship (10), and the least in the Świętokrzyskie Voivodship (1). Barriers to the creation of energy clusters most often result from a lack of financing and poorly defined central regulations concerning the energy and renewable energy sector in Poland.
EFFICIENCY OF DEEP FERTILIZER PLACEMENT
IN MAIZE IN TERMS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT CRITERIA
Authors: Król-Badziak Aleksandra , Kozyra Jerzy , Matyka Mariusz
Published: December 2020

Ensuring sustainable agricultural production technologies is becoming increasingly important in the face of the observed climate change and need to reduce the harmful environmental impact of agriculture. The aim of the study is a comparative assessment of the deep fertilizer placement method with surface broadcast application of fertilizers as regards overall sustainability. To reach this goal, based on the results of field experiments and expert opinions, the values of sustainability indicators (economic, environmental and social aspects) were determined. The AHP (analytical hierarchy process) method was applied to comparative assessment. The conducted analysis showed that economic, environmental and overall sustainability assessment are conditioned by productivity achieved. In the first year of the experiment, when the yield increase was not achieved, in terms of sustainability criteria considered, the surface broadcast application of fertilizers was determined to be preferred as compared to the deep fertilizer placement method. On the other hand, in the second year of research with yield increase, the practice with the deep application of mineral fertilizers resulted in a better performance than surface broadcast fertilization, while showing a similar overall performance in the case of natural fertilizers.
Prevenção quaternária e práticas integrativas e complementares em saúde (I)
Authors: Tesser Charles Dalcanale , Norman Armando Henrique
Published: December 2020

Introdução: A medicina família e comunitária (MFC) vem desenvolvendo a prevenção quaternária (P4) com uma centralidade no uso crítico de recursos biomédicos. Em paralelo, vem crescendo a grande procura e o uso das práticas integrativas e complemantares em saúde (PICS) por pessoas e profissionais de saúde, com crescentes investigação científica e institucionalização das PICS, sobretudo na atenção primária à saúde (APS). Objetivo: Descrever contribuições potenciais de várias PICS para a prática da P4. Métodos: Ensaio baseado em literatura selecionada assistematicamente, em perspectiva hermenêutica de compreender a interface P4-PICS e descrever sinteticamente contribuições possíveis de PICS para a prática da P4. Resultados e Discussão: O uso de PICS como P4 pode facilitar o autoconhecimento e a crítica dos profissionais; reduzir a medicalização, se assim direcionadas; enriquecer o autocuidado; reduzir a iatrogenia dos cuidados e pluralizar a terapêutica; transformar a observação assistida em terapêutica; otimizar a singularização da abordagem; amplificar/diversificar os estímulos à autocura e fornecer novos entendimentos e vias de acesso à saúde-doença. Conclusão: São amplas e férteis as possibilidades de uso de PICS como P4 na MFC e na APS, tanto na prevenção como no cuidado clínico aos adoecidos.
Molecular rationale for antibody-mediated targeting of the hantavirus fusion glycoprotein
Authors: Rissanen Ilona , Stass Robert , Krumm Stefanie A , Seow Jeffrey , Hulswit Ruben JG , Paesen Guido C , Hepojoki Jussi , Vapalahti Olli , Lundkvist Åke , Reynard Olivier , Volchkov Viktor , Doores Katie J , Huiskonen Juha T , Bowden Thomas A
Published: December 2020

The intricate lattice of Gn and Gc glycoprotein spike complexes on the hantavirus envelope facilitates host-cell entry and is the primary target of the neutralizing antibody-mediated immune response. Through study of a neutralizing monoclonal antibody termed mAb P-4G2, which neutralizes the zoonotic pathogen Puumala virus (PUUV), we provide a molecular-level basis for antibody-mediated targeting of the hantaviral glycoprotein lattice. Crystallographic analysis demonstrates that P-4G2 binds to a multi-domain site on PUUV Gc and may preclude fusogenic rearrangements of the glycoprotein that are required for host-cell entry. Furthermore, cryo-electron microscopy of PUUV-like particles in the presence of P-4G2 reveals a lattice-independent configuration of the Gc, demonstrating that P-4G2 perturbs the (Gn-Gc)4 lattice. This work provides a structure-based blueprint for rationalizing antibody-mediated targeting of hantaviruses.
Supraspecific units in correlative niche modeling improves the prediction of geographic potential of biological invasions
Authors: Castaño-Quintero Sandra , Escobar-Luján Jazmín , Osorio-Olvera Luis , Peterson A Townsend , Chiappa-Carrara Xavier , Martínez-Meyer Enrique , Yañez-Arenas Carlos
Published: December 2020

Background

Biological invasions rank among the most significant threats to biodiversity and ecosystems. Correlative ecological niche modeling is among the most frequently used tools with which to estimate potential distributions of invasive species. However, when areas accessible to the species across its native distribution do not represent the full spectrum of environmental conditions that the species can tolerate, correlative studies often underestimate fundamental niches.

Methods

Here, we explore the utility of supraspecific modeling units to improve the predictive ability of models focused on biological invasions. Taking into account phylogenetic relationships in correlative ecological niche models, we studied the invasion patterns of three species (Aedes aegypti, Pterois volitans and Oreochromis mossambicus).

Results

Use of supraspecific modeling units improved the predictive ability of correlative niche models in anticipating potential distributions of three invasive species. We demonstrated that integrating data on closely related species allowed a more complete characterization of fundamental niches. This approach could be used to model species with invasive potential but that have not yet invaded new regions.
Preparation Titanium Dioxide Combined Hydrophobic Polymer with Photocatalytic Self-Cleaning Properties
Authors: Wahyuningsih Sayekti , Cahyono Rochmad E. , Aini Fitri N.
Published: December 2020

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) and hydrophobic of TiO2/PDMS (PDMS = polydimethylsiloxane) have been prepared as photocatalytic self-cleaning materials. Synthesis of TiO2 was carried out using the sol-gel method with titanium(IV) isopropoxide (TTIP) as a precursor and acetic acid as a solvent at a temperature of about 10–15 °C, while the synthesis of hydrophobic of TiO2/PDMS composites was carried out by a sonication method under ethanol solution. The results of XRD analysis of synthesized TiO2 showed that TiO2 was anatase phase. The glass-coated TiO2/PDMS were prepared by dip-coating under an ultrasonication bath. TiO2/PDMS composites at a ratio of TiO2/PDMS (1) on the glass plate showed hydrophobic properties, as evidenced by the contact angle of 104° before irradiation and the contact angle of 99.7° after irradiation. The synthesized titanium dioxide has irregular spherical morphology. The increase in PDMS content was correlated with an increase in the roughness of TiO2. PDMS not only acts as low surface energy but also binds TiO2. The hydrophobic behavior of PDMS creates TiO2/PDMS repel each other, gain irregular agglomeration structures. Beside having optimum contact angle, glass-coated TiO2/PDMS (1) is the best composition for degradation of methylene blue in 69.68% for 20 minutes irradiation. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).