bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coupling and scaling effect for low-frequency broadband sound absorption via vertex-based hierarchy
Authors: Wang Zhonggang , Guo Zichao , Li Zhendong , Zeng Kexin
Published: October 2021

On-demand noise remediation in the low-frequency broadband region remains a challenge. We present a hierarchical sound-absorbing meta-structure (HSM) to realize the desired low-frequency broadband absorptive performance at a subwavelength thickness. The physical mechanism underlying the superior performance is revealed through the coherent coupling effect and the hierarchical scaling effect that are both tied to the hierarchical characteristics. We experimentally validate the advocated absorptive merits of HSM and the predicting results. The quasi-perfect (α>0.9) bandwidth of the first-order HSM can be remarkably improved by 219% and 363% when it upgrades to the second- and third-order, respectively. This work may pave the way of designing acoustic meta-absorbers against low-frequency noise over a wide range.
Voltage-induced modulation in the charge state of Si-vacancy defects in diamond using high voltage nanosecond pulses
Authors: Weng Sizhe , Coleman Christopher , Aravind Indu , Wang Yu , Zhao Bofan , Cronin Stephen B.
Published: October 2021

Silicon-vacancy defects have been identified as a promising optical transition for quantum communications, quantum control, and quantum information processing. In the work presented here, we demonstrate a voltage-controlled mechanism by which the photoluminescent (PL) emission from silicon-vacancy (Si-V) defects in diamond can be modulated. In particular, we can selectively produce emission from the negatively charged state of this defect (i.e., Si-V−), which exhibits narrow (Γ = 4 nm) emission at 738 nm at low laser power. This approach uses high voltage (2–5 kV) nanosecond pulses applied across top and bottom electrodes on a 0.5 mm thick diamond substrate. In the absence of high voltage pulses, we observe no emission at 738 nm. This feature increases monotonically with peak pulse voltage, pulse repetition rate (i.e., frequency), and incident laser intensity. We observe saturation of the PL intensity for pulse voltages above 3.2 kV and frequency above 100 Hz. Based on electrostatic simulations, we estimated the local electric field intensity near the tip of the Cu electrode to be 2.8 ×106 V/cm at these voltages. However, as a function of laser power, we observe a linear dependence of PL intensity without saturation. These saturating and non-saturating behaviors provide important insight into the voltage-induced charging mechanisms and kinetics associated with this process.
Particle leakage through the exhalation valve on a face mask under flow conditions mimicking human breathing: A critical assessment
Authors: Kang Yeeun , Park Jooyeon , Park Hyungmin
Published: October 2021

In today's era of active personal protections against airborne respiratory disease, general interest in the multiphase flow physics underlying face masks is greater than ever. The exhalation valves, installed on some masks to mitigate the breathing resistance, have also received more attention. However, the current certification protocol of evaluating airflow leakage only when suction pressure is applied is insufficient to capture practical aspects (particle penetration or leakage). Here, we experimentally measure two-phase flow across valve-type masks under conditions mimicking actual breathing. During exhalation, a high-speed jet through the valve accelerates the transmission of particles from inside while reasonable protection from external pollutants is achieved during inhalation, which supports the warnings from various public health officials. Based on the mechanism of particle penetration found here, we hope a novel design that both achieves high-efficiency shielding and facilitates easy breathing can be developed.
Dispersion tensor in a two-phase flow in a slit
Authors: Dejam Morteza , Hassanzadeh Hassan
Published: October 2021

Taylor's approach on the dispersion phenomenon is generalized for solute transport in a two-phase laminar flow of immiscible fluids in a slit. The reduced-order models for solute transport are derived using Reynolds decomposition and averaging techniques from which the exact analytical expressions for all elements of the dispersion tensor and the matrix of coefficients of the advection term are derived. It is shown that the dispersion tensor is generally not symmetric, and the asymmetry originates from the presence of an interface between the two fluids. We also discussed conditions at which the solute transport in a two-phase laminar flow in a slit lead to dispersion barrier, osmotic dispersion, and reverse dispersion. The results provide a thorough insight into modeling solute transport across an interface/film in two-phase stratified flows and find applications in the design and optimization of microfluidic devices where two fluids flow in laminar contact.
Spatial deterministic wave forecasting for nonlinear sea–states
Authors: Galvagno M. , Eeltink D. , Stuhlmeier R.
Published: October 2021

We derive a simple algebraic form of the nonlinear wavenumber correction of unidirectional surface gravity waves in deep water, based on temporal measurements of the water surface and the spatial Zakharov equation. This allows us to formulate an improvement over linear deterministic wave forecasting with no additional computational cost. Our new formulation is used to forecast both synthetically generated as well as experimentally measured seas and shows marked improvements over the linear theory.
Agricultural expansion and the ecological marginalization of forest-dependent people
Authors: Levers Christian , Romero-Muñoz Alfredo , Baumann Matthias , De Marzo Teresa , Fernández Pedro David , Gasparri Nestor Ignacio , Gavier-Pizarro Gregorio Ignacio , Waroux Yann le Polain de , Piquer-Rodríguez María , Semper-Pascual Asunción , Kuemmerle Tobias
Published: October 2021

Significance

Millions of people globally rely on forest-based resources for their livelihoods, particularly in the tropics and subtropics. Deforestation is often hypothesized to diminish forest-dependent communities’ resource base and to push them toward more-marginal environments, but such ecological marginalization has rarely been quantified. We developed an approach to identify homesteads of forest-dependent people and to track their resource base over 30 y across the entire South American Gran Chaco (1.1 million km
2
). This highlighted that forest-dependent people are widespread across the Chaco forests, that their numbers have declined drastically since the 1980s, and that expanding commodity agriculture diminishes their resource base. Sustainability assessments must urgently consider forest-dependent people better, and our study provides a way forward to do so.
IPM reduces insecticide applications by 95% while maintaining or enhancing crop yields through wild pollinator conservation
Authors: Pecenka Jacob R. , Ingwell Laura L. , Foster Rick E. , Krupke Christian H. , Kaplan Ian
Published: October 2021

Significance

Environmental damage from insecticide overuse is a major concern, particularly for conservation of “good” insects such as pollinators that ensure stable production of food crops like fruits and vegetables. However, insecticides are also necessary for farmers to manage “bad” insects (i.e., pests), and thus, a more holistic view of crop management needs to account for the proper balance between the beneficial and detrimental aspects of pesticides. Here, we used multiyear field experiments with a paired corn–watermelon cropping system to show that insecticide use can be dramatically reduced (by ∼95%) while maintaining or even increasing yields through the conservation of wild bees as crop pollinators. These data demonstrate that food production and ecosystem sustainability are not necessarily conflicting goals.
Cnm1 mediates nucleus–mitochondria contact site formation in response to phospholipid levels
Authors: Eisenberg-Bord Michal , Zung Naama , Collado Javier , Drwesh Layla , Fenech Emma J. , Fadel Amir , Dezorella Nili , Bykov Yury S. , Rapaport Doron , Fernandez-Busnadiego Ruben , Schuldiner Maya
Published: October 2021

Mitochondrial functions are tightly regulated by nuclear activity, requiring extensive communication between these organelles. One way by which organelles can communicate is through contact sites, areas of close apposition held together by tethering molecules. While many contacts have been characterized in yeast, the contact between the nucleus and mitochondria was not previously identified. Using fluorescence and electron microscopy in S. cerevisiae, we demonstrate specific areas of contact between the two organelles. Using a high-throughput screen, we uncover a role for the uncharacterized protein Ybr063c, which we have named Cnm1 (contact nucleus mitochondria 1), as a molecular tether on the nuclear membrane. We show that Cnm1 mediates contact by interacting with Tom70 on mitochondria. Moreover, Cnm1 abundance is regulated by phosphatidylcholine, enabling the coupling of phospholipid homeostasis with contact extent. The discovery of a molecular mechanism that allows mitochondrial crosstalk with the nucleus sets the ground for better understanding of mitochondrial functions in health and disease.
Classification of steel balls by resonant eddy-current sensor
Authors: Dao Duy-Vinh , Jeng Jen-Tzong , Doan Van-Dong , Dinh Chinh-Hieu , Pham Thi-Trang , Nguyen Huu-Thang
Published: October 2021

Objective: The quality and work-life of ball bearings depend on the material properties of the steel ball, hence it is necessary to carefully classify their properties for bearings and related applications. This paper presents the classification of steel balls based on the subtle differences in their electromagnetic properties. Approach: The conductivity and magnetic susceptibility for steel balls of the same kind are measured to investigate their correlation with eddy-current (EC) signals. Main results: The developed EC sensor works at the resonant frequency of 117 kHz with an optimal readout resistance of 15 kΩ, which helps to boost the signal level without a high-gain preamplifier. To detect the EC signal, the steel ball under test moves through the pickup coil, and the recorded data are used to build a voltage probability map (VPM) for the classification of the steel ball properties. Experimental results show that the steel balls with and without the hardening process can be identified by the change in the amplitude and phase of the EC signal, which is consistent with the observed change in the electromagnetic properties of steel balls. Significance: The built system can be applied to the related industries to check the quality of steel balls before use.
Ion temperature anisotropy in the tokamak scrape-off layer
Authors: Zhao Menglong , Rognlien Tom , Jarvinen Aaro , Joseph Ilon
Published: October 2021

Understanding tokamak exhaust-power heat loads on divertor plates depends critically on having a realistic model of the scrape-off layer (SOL) plasma. The Braginskii fluid model is often solved to understand the SOL plasma behavior. This model is based on the collisional limit for transport along the magnetic field

B
⃗

. The ions and electron gyrofrequencies are assumed to be much larger than the Coulomb collision frequencies, which are nonetheless, sufficiently large to yield common parallel and perpendicular temperatures for each species, i.e. the temperatures are assumed to be isotropic. In certain circumstances such as encountered for the tokamak H-mode, the ion temperature can be quite anisotropic. In this work, the anisotropy effects are implemented in the two-dimensional (2D) transport code UEDGE. Various geometries (1D slab, 2D slab and a toroidal tokamak geometry) are used to study the 2D structure of ion temperature anisotropy and its effects on plasma transport in detail. Results show that the effects of ion temperature anisotropy on the plasma parallel transport are substantial near the magnetic X-point, which leads to different steady state density profiles in the divertor regions. The extra mirror force introduced by ion temperature anisotropy can be one of the main forces contributing to the plasma flow in the SOL.
Influence of external parameters on RF inductive discharge plasma characteristics
Authors: Kralkina Elena , Nekludova Polina , Nikonov Aleksander , Vavilin Konstantin , Zadiriev Ilya , Tarakanov Vladimir
Published: October 2021

Systematic experimental studies of the electron density and temperature, the efficiency of RF power coupling to the RF inductive discharge plasma have been carried out in the pressure range of helium, neon, argon, and krypton 0.1–133 Pa, at an RF generator power of 100–500 W and frequencies of 2, 4 and 13.56 MHz. It is shown that the electron density reaches a maximum, and the temperature reaches a minimum in the pressure range 1.33–13.3 Pa. Taking into account the presence of a parasitic capacitive coupling between the inductor and the plasma, which forms the capacitive channel of RF power input, makes it possible to conclude that the maximum values of the electron density were observed at the pressure at which the power input through the inductive channel is maximal. At pressures of the order of 0.133 Pa and below, an increase in the electron temperature is observed in the peripheral part of the discharge. Numerical modeling by the PIC method shows that one of the reasons is the formation of a directed azimuthal motion of electrons in the region of the skin layer. As the pressure increases, a transition occurs from the nonlocal to the local electron kinetics, which is reflected in the ratio between the electron temperature in the peripheral and central parts of the discharge.
Magnetic Feshbach resonances in collisions of23Na40K with40K
Authors: Wang Xin-Yao , Frye Matthew D , Su Zhen , Cao Jin , Liu Lan , Zhang De-Chao , Yang Huan , Hutson Jeremy M , Zhao Bo , Bai Chun-Li , Pan Jian-Wei
Published: October 2021

We present measurements of more than 80 magnetic Feshbach resonances in collisions of ultracold23Na40K with40K. We assign quantum numbers to a group of low-field resonances and show that they are probably due to long-range states of the triatomic complex in which the quantum numbers of the separated atom and molecule are approximately preserved. The resonant states are not members of chaotic bath of short-range states. Similar resonances are expected to be a common feature of alkali-metal diatom + atom systems.
Electroencephalogram variability analysis for monitoring depth of anesthesia
Authors: Chen Yi-Feng , Fan Shou-Zen , Abbod Maysam F , Shieh Jiann-Shing , Zhang Mingming
Published: October 2021

Objective. In this paper, a new approach of extracting and measuring the variability in electroencephalogram (EEG) was proposed to assess the depth of anesthesia (DOA) under general anesthesia. Approach. The EEG variability (EEGV) was extracted as a fluctuation in time interval that occurs between two local maxima of EEG. Eight parameters related to EEGV were measured in time and frequency domains, and compared with state-of-the-art DOA estimation parameters, including sample entropy, permutation entropy, median frequency and spectral edge frequency of EEG. The area under the receiver-operator characteristics curve (AUC) and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to validate its performance on 56 patients. Main results. Our proposed EEGV-derived parameters yield significant difference for discriminating between awake and anesthesia stages at a significance level of 0.05, as well as improvement in AUC and correlation coefficient on average, which surpasses the conventional features of EEG in detection accuracy of unconscious state and tracking the level of consciousness. Significance. To sum up, EEGV analysis provides a new perspective in quantifying EEG and corresponding parameters are powerful and promising for monitoring DOA under clinical situations.
E-Book Static Fluid and Dynamic Fluid Web-Based with a Problem-Based Learning Model to Improve Students Physics Problem-Solving Skills
Authors: Ramli Z , Sunaryo  , Serevina V
Published: October 2021

This study aims to develop physics learning media in the form a static fluid and dynamic fluids e-book based on website with Problem Based Learning for students learning. The research subjects were 43 5th semester student of Jakarta State University. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D) research using the ADDIE development model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The result of the instrument validation showed 90.31% for the validation of media experts, 94.94% for the validation of material experts, and 77.09% for the validation of learning experts. Based on the results of the validation of media experts, the material, and learning can show that this e-book in terms of several indicators used for validations has very decent criteria. Based on the result of trials to students, the results obtained an average score of all aspects of 88.39% with a very feasible interpretation and the impact on students Physics Problem Solving was measured. Based on the result of the effectiveness test show that there are differences in physics problem solving among students who use static fluids and dynamic fluids e-book based on Problem Based Learning and static fluids and dynamic fluids e-book based on Non-Problem Based Learning. Based on the D’Cohens test, the use of static fluids and dynamic fluids e-book based on Problem Based Learning made an effective contribution to increasing students Physics Problem Solving by 2.51 in the medium category, so it can be concluded that the developed e-book can increase the Physics Problem Solving students.
Development of E-Module with A Scientific Approach To Improve The Student’s Critical Thinking Skills At Class Xi Student High School In Optical Tools Material
Authors: Haryanto A , Sunaryo  , Rustana C E
Published: October 2021

This research aims to produce a physics learning media in the form of e-module with a scientific approach to learning physics on the optical instrument material for SMA / MA students. The subjects of this research were 46 students of class XI SMA Muhammadiyah Kota Bima. This developmental research refers to the method developed by ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Quasi-experimental method used in this research to test the effectiveness of the product with a research focus on e-module optical tools with a scientific approach to help improve students’ critical thinking skills. The results of e-module validation by media experts showed 87.5%, material expert validation 82.78%, and learning expert validation 83.84%. Based on validation by media, material, and learning experts, it shows that this e-module in terms of several indicators used for validation has very feasible outcome criteria. Based on the results of trials in small and large groups of students, it was obtained that the average total aspect score of 88.78% and 86.6% was categorized as very feasible and the impact was measured on students’ critical thinking. Based on the results of the D’Cohens test, users of e-module optical tools can provide effectiveness in improving students’ critical thinking skills by 0.83 in the moderate category. So, it can be concluded that the e-module that has been developed by researcher can improve the students’ critical thinking skills at SMA / MA.
Application of CTL-Based Stop Motion Learning Videos for Understanding Elementary School Science Concepts in Lebak Regency
Authors: Adiputra D K , Apriyansa A
Published: October 2021

The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic has made it difficult for elementary education institutions to implement online learning. In the application of audio-visual stop motion learning media based on CTL in elementary schools, it will become a reference material for teachers in implementing online learning, especially in science learning which adheres to scientific concepts through observation and experiments on a contextual basis. Thus, this study aims to apply audio-visual stop motion learning media based on CTL in elementary schools and to measure children’s understanding of the concept of science. The specific goal is to make online learning more meaningful by using CTL-based audio-visual stop motion video learning media in science learning in elementary schools. The benefit of teachers and students is that there are learning media that become references for online learning designs.
Design of Virtual Physics Laboratory (VPL) on Collision Topic
Authors: Arianti S , Astra I M , Budi E
Published: October 2021

Collision phenomena are very difficult for teachers to visualize in distance learning. Facts in the field show that there are still many students who have difficulty understanding the concept of Collision. This is what causes the Collision concept to be one of the physics materials that are difficult for students to reach. This study aims to produce an interactive multimedia design in the form of a Virtual Physics Laboratory (VPL) in the Collision sub-material. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D) using the ADDIE development model (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate). However, this research was only carried out until the design stage. The results of the analysis of the distribution of the questionnaire data analysis of the needs of teachers and students stated that students needed to meet the needs of new learning media used to assist them in visualizing the Collision phenomenon in Distance Learning. The media used to visualize the collision is the Virtual Physics Laboratory (VPL) media. With the Virtual Physics Laboratory (VPL) design, it is hoped that it will produce interactive multimedia that is effective in helping students understand Collision material.
Visualization Lorentz Force with Tea Leaves for Studying Magnetic Field in Senior High School
Authors: Suryani A A , Iswanto B H , Indrasari W
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study is to visualize the motion of the Lorentz force using tea leaves for learning magnetic fields in high school. Based on assessment needs results of students who attend school in Jakarta, 56.7% of students have difficulty determining the direction of the Lorentz force, 95% of students have a better understanding of the direction of the Lorentz force if it can be visualized. This research uses the R&D method, which refers to the ADDIE model. The Lorentz force visualization (Vigalo) consists of a power generator, tea leaves, two copper wires, two neodymium magnets, and an adjustable voltage source of 1.5 volts - 6.0 volts. The two permanent magnets are placed separately at a distance of 2 cm and able to produce a magnetic field of 88.6634 Gauss. The voltage source is connected to the experiment box and can see the movement of tea leaves and visualize Lorentz force direction lines that match the right-hand rule. This experiment shows that visualization Lorentz force with tea leaves can be used in learning magnetic field material in senior high school.
Flipped Learning Models and Students’ Scientific Literacy on Physics Achievement Test
Authors: Widjaja W , Astra I M , Wibowo F C
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to determine the influence of flipped learning models and scientific literacy on students’ achievement test. The study used a quasi-experimental research method with two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The subjects of this study were Grade 10 high school physics students. The samples were two experimental groups where one group used inquiry flipped learning approach and the other group used mastery flipped learning. Both groups were given a scientific literacy test to separate students into two categories, which were students who had high scientific literacy and students who had low scientific literacy. The research showed that physics achievement test for students who learned by using inquiry flipped learning was similar than those who learned by using mastery flipped learning. Also, the achievement test for students who had high scientific literacy was greater than students who had low scientific literacy. The results of the research test indicated that there is a significant difference in achievement test between students who had high scientific literacy and students who had low scientific literacy.
Effect of Feedback on Learning Motivation of Primary Teacher Education Students in Primary School Physics Courses
Authors: Sianipar L K , Sitompul H , Sanjaya L A , Puspa R W D , Pertiwi W A , Qoiriyah W
Published: October 2021

Based on the results of the questionnaire distributed to Primary Teacher Education Students, 96% of students said that Physics is difficult to understand because the material is very complex, many formulas, especially the learning process is done online. This study aims to describe the influence of providing feedback on the motivation of Primary Teacher Education Students in primary school physics courses. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Meanwhile, the instrument used was a questionnaire which was distributed to 115 elementary school education students. The result of the research shows that giving feedback consistently is able to motivate students. This can be seen from the results of the questionnaires distributed, each indicator is of very good value.
Interactive Book Augmented Reality (IBAR) for Lesson Physics on STEM
Authors: Wibowo F C , Nasbey H , Sanjaya L A , Darman D R , Ahmad N J
Published: October 2021

The scientific development process can be carried out with STEM (Science Technology Engineering Mathematics) education where this interdisciplinary approach trains students to learn where the concept of science is combined with the context in applying science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. The purpose of the study is the development of Interactive Book Augmented Reality (IBAR) for Lesson Physics on STEM. The research method is the ADDIE Model which consists of the stages of Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The sample for the implementation of IBAR used in the study amounted to 90 students aged 19-22 years from a province in Indonesia. The results showed that IBAR contributed to students’ concepts in physics. In the questionnaire given to students, information was obtained that the IBAR application was more useful, realistic, and interesting for their learning; help them understand and analyze problems and STEM scenarios. It has been suggested that IBAR technology could be a potent and effective tool to enable Lesson Physics students in the STEM process. In addition, the implications of using IBAR for physics education and recommendations for further studies are also discussed in this study.
E-learning in Sains Learning: A-Review of Literature
Authors: Mulyanengsih R , Wibowo F C
Published: October 2021

Developments in information technology encourage changes in various sectors of human life, not least in the world of education. Information and communication technology is a tool to improve the quality of education. This study discusses e-learning in physics learning in terms of the characteristics, and opportunities of e-learning to support 21st century skills. This article examines 20 articles on physics learning using e-learning which is presented in references in the 2017 to 2019 period and analyzed using this method content analysis. It was found that this study was conducted in both high school and university and the results of learning by implementing e-learning were able to meet the diverse needs of students, very effective in helping students improve motivation, learning experience and learning outcomes better than conventional learning methods. And provide opportunities to improve 21st century skills.
Development of Online Learning Resource for Accelerated Linear Motion Material with the Problem Based Learning (PBL) Model During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sudarwanto  , Serevina V , Nugroho D A , Lipikuni H F
Published: October 2021

Coronavirus Disease or COVID-19 causes a serious affect in different divisions of life, including in education. At the present time, exercises at school have been incidentally suspended, but learning must proceed to be carried out to give what students need. The solution offered in dealing with the current pandemic is by doing online learning. However, the conditions in the field of teachers were not ready for online learning, it was found that the percentage of availability of online learning resources at Public Vocational School 53 Jakarta was only 44%. Therefore, this study aims to develop Edmodo application and Zoom-based online learning resource with problem-based learning (PBL) models on accelerated linear motion material. This type of research is an educational research and development with the ADDIE model (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation). Assessment of online learning resource was carried out by physics, material experts, learning experts and media experts. Testing was carried out at Public Vocational School 53 Jakarta by 35 class X students and filling out the teacher response questionnaire. The result of this research is an online learning resources using the PBL model on accelerated linear motion material (GLBB). The online learning resource which developed include the Learning Implementation Plan (RPP), Student Worksheets (LKS), and Handout. The results of the media feasibility validation test were obtained 98%, for the feasibility of physics, material obtained 81%, and the feasibility of learning physics was obtained 86%. From the results of the feasibility test with the teacher, it was obtained 94%. Based on the interpretation of the Likert scale, online learning resource is categorized as “very good”. So, it can be concluded that the online learning resources that has been developed is suitable for use in learning physics at Public Vocational School.
The Role of Digital Modules on Cognitive Ability of High School Students in Newton’s Law Material
Authors: Wirdiyatusyifa  , Sunarno W , Supriyanto A
Published: October 2021

Students perceive physics as a difficult subject to understand because the material contains a lot of formulas, mathematical calculations, and abstract concepts. One of the physics materials for high school students in Newton’s law. Newton’s law is one of the materials considered difficult to understand by students because the basic concepts in Newton’s law material, namely the concept of force have not been fully mastered by students, resulting in students’ cognitive physics abilities that are still low and have not reached the minimum completeness criteria (KKM). This study aims to examine the role of the digital module in improving students’ cognitive abilities in Newton’s Law material. The research subjects were 108 students of class X MIA in 3 high schools in the Surakarta residency. The study used a quantitative descriptive method with a test technique using 20 multiple choice questions about Newton’s Law. Data were analyzed using N-gain. The results showed that the average scores before using the digital module at 3 SMA in Surakarta residency were 53, 58, and 60 respectively, while the average scores after using the digital module were 73, 74, and 75. Based on the N gain value, the increase in ability students’ cognitive belonged to the medium category, namely > 0.3. The digital module has a significant effect on improving students’ cognitive abilities in Newton’s Law material.
A Review of Research on The Use of Augmented Reality in Physics Learning
Authors: Wulandari S , Wibowo F C , Astra I M
Published: October 2021

The aim of this study is to reveal augmented reality on the effect of models in learning physics. This article is a qualitative synthesis of quantitative and qualitative research that investigates the design of learning with augmented reality which is applied in physics learning and its impact on learning. Articles published between 2015 and 2021 were reviewed, and 30 articles were included for detailed analysis and synthesis. The results of the study indicate that integrating augmented reality with teaching materials and learning models is capable to support the process and student learning outcomes. It was also found that problem-based augmented reality made learning more meaningful. Studies related to AR that measure students’ critical thinking skills are still minimal. Future research is urgently needed to look in detail at the effect of problem-based augmented reality media on students’ critical thinking skills.
Development of Early Real-Time Disaster Mitigation Warning System Landslide with Gyroscope ADXL345 Sensor
Authors: Apriyansa A , Bintoro J , Sandi E
Published: October 2021

The purpose of the research is to develop a Real-Time Landslide Early Disaster Mitigation Warning System with the ADXL345 Gyroscope Sensor and to know the exact system designed in a prototype. The method used is research and development with a prototyping model which is divided into several stages, namely stage (1) problems, (2) data collection, (3) prototype design, (4) prototype testing, and (5) production. The resulting system is a prototype based on an Arduino microcontroller called “ERT-Ladister” with an ADXL345 Gyroscope sensor. Other features include SMS-Gateway, buzzer, and Monitoring via Monitor. Based on the feasibility test and the effectiveness test on a lab scale and field scale, it can be concluded that the system is feasible and effective. The value of the effectiveness test shows that there is a significant difference between before the system is installed and after the system is installed in field trials. The Real-Time Landslide Early Disaster Mitigation Warning System can increase community awareness around landslide-prone areas.
Manila Trench Tsunami Source Modeling for West Kalimantan Nuclear Facility Mitigation
Authors: Pribadi S , Fauzi  , Kurniawan T , Sunarko  , Suntoko H , Sudrajat A , Prayitno B S , Riama N F
Published: October 2021

Tsunami modeling with the Manila Trench earthquake source, the Philippines is very necessary as one of the mitigation measures for the prospective nuclear power plant (PLTN) facility in West Kalimantan. In this preliminary study, tsunami modeling using the COMCOT of non linear and the nesting grid method was carried out to obtain an estimate of the height and arrival time of the tsunami at the closest tidal initial points of a nuclear power plant. The Manila Trench is considered as the closed potential sources of earthquake threats to the prospective nuclear power plant site in Gosong Beach, West Kalimantan. The source is divided into 33 multiple segments and accumulated to magnitude 9.1 The results of this study can be used as material for risk assessment for nuclear power plant site development. The results obtained are that the estimated tsunami height at Gosong Beach is around 0.3 – 0.5 meters on the beach with an arrival time of about 550 minutes after the earthquake at its center.
3D Geomechanics Characterization in V Field
Authors: Marbun R , Haris A
Published: October 2021

Upstream oil & gas operators faced many challenges in drilling activities during a field development phase where the reservoir pressure depletion might disturb the stresses equilibrium in the formation and triggered stress redistribution in the reservoir and its surrounding rocks. These changes could lead into more problematic drilling experiences such as the narrowing of safe drilling mud weight windows and potential operating losses due to related wellbore instability issues. 3D Geomechanics analysis conducted to identify the stress redistribution and predict the field wellbore instabilities behaviour that honour the geological features in the area. The 1 D Geomechanics model is created for offset wells which consist of rock strength and elastic properties, pore pressure and stresses profiles. Seismic inversion volume is used to populate the properties in the 3D static model and field Geomechanics simulation conducted to obtain the field stresses profile. V field data is used as the data available in this field is complete to support this study (wire-line logs, petrophysical interpretations, VSP, core analysis, production log, drilling reports, and the seismic velocity cube). The results of the integrated reservoir Geomechanics characterization with seismic inversion managed to predict the wellbore instabilities model in the offset wells.
Euclidean Action of Electrically Charged Black Holes in the Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld Gravity
Authors: Kusuma A M , Ramadhan H S
Published: October 2021

We investigate the Euclidean action of electrically charged black hole in the Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld (EiBI) gravity utilizing a semiclassical approach. The Euclidean action is computed in the canonical ensemble. We found that by imposing an appropriate set of boundary terms, the expression of the black hole’s entropy could be found. The obtained form of the entropy is also found to be consistent with previous results.
Mapping of Two Models Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) of Indonesia
Authors: Zera T , Nafian M , Ramadhani A , Fauziah A R
Published: October 2021

This research was conducted to determine and mapping the value of the PGA in Indonesian territory using two empirical models of attenuation equations from the transition of the second generation to the third generation. The research was conducted by applying the Frisenda’s and Luzi’s. The calculation is based on a catalog of earthquakes that occurred from 1 January 1970 - 31 December 2020 with a variable earthquake magnitude ≥ 5 SR and hypocentre depth ≤ 60 km (destructive earthquake). The calculation results in the maximum value of PGA respectively 0.6613 g for Frisenda, and 12.257 g in the Luzi. The maximum PGA value in Luzi model is the effects of the Andaman Islands earthquake on December 26th, 2004, with a magnitude of 9,1 SR, and the maximum PGA value in the Frisenda model is the effects of the Flying Fish Cove, Christmas Island earthquake on June 13th, 2013, with the magnitude 6.7 SR. In general, these two maps show different or even opposite patterns.
Magnetic Properties of Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) from Reed Biomass
Authors: Har N P , Wardani D A P , Hariyanto B , Kurniawati N , Darmawan N , Irzaman
Published: October 2021

Silicon dioxide (SiO2) from reed biomass has successfully synthesized by annealing temperature variation at 500 oC, 600 oC, and 700 oC. The electrical properties of silicon dioxide from reed biomass have been analyzed by LCR-meter. The data collection point of each sample was 200 points. The frequency range of each sample was collected at 50 Hz to 5 MHz, alternating current voltage at 1 V, and alternating current at 50 mA. Then, the magnetic properties have calculated in Vicinity Magnetic Induction (VMI) and magnetic flux. The VMI value result of each sample has calculated at the order of 10-7 – 10-6 tesla and magnetic flux value at the order of 102 - 104 weber. Application of magnetic properties in the form of Vicinity Magnetic Induction (VMI) and magnetic flux of silicon dioxide from reed biomass was the forerunner as a magnetic sensor.
Effect of pH on the Morphology and Microstructure of ZnO synthesized using Ananas comosus Peel Extract
Authors: Rini A S , Rahayu S D , Hamzah Y , Linda T M , Rati Y
Published: October 2021

This research investigated the effect of synthesis pH on the microstructure and morphology of the zinc oxide (ZnO) particles prepared using pineapple (Ananas comosus) peel extract. In this study, ZnO powder were synthesized at different pH, i.e. 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12. ZnO samples were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier Transform InfraRed spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The UV-Vis absorbances spectroscopy shows the optical absorption peak of the ZnO sample occurred in a wavelength range of 300-360 nm, with bandgap energy of ∼3.22 eV. The FT-IR spectrum shows the peak of Zn-O absorption at the wavenumber of 437.55 cm-1 and the reduction of aromatic compounds with increasing of pH. The micrograph of ZnO particles synthesized at different pH shows that the pH affected the size and shape of ZnO. Micro-sized particles with a granular shape have been found at pH 8, and 9, a spherical shape have been found at pH 10, while micro-sized flower-shaped particles have been found at pH 11 and 12. The XRD pattern reveals a wurzite hexagonal ZnO crystal phase with the hkl plane of (101) as the strongest peak, as well as the purity of the sample increasing as the pH value rises. As the conclusion, synthesis pH has a significant impact on the optical, structural, and morphological properties of ZnO biosynthetic powder.
Millimeter Wave Absorption Properties of Teflon at Frequency Range from 50 GHz to 67 GHz
Authors: Handoko E , Marpaung M A , Fahdiran R , Jalil Z , Alaydrus M
Published: October 2021

In this paper, teflon material with dimensions 3.76 mm×1.88 mm×1.6 mm was prepared from the Indonesia materials market for the millimeter wave characteristics. The permeability, permittivity, and millimeter wave absorption properties were studied using a vector network analyzer in the frequency range of 50−67 GHz. The results indicated that teflon material have a good reflection loss and broadband absorption and a appropriate absorber in the millimeter wave frequency range.
Non-Hermitian gauge field theories and BPS limits
Authors: Fring Andreas , Taira Takano
Published: October 2021

We present an overview of some key results obtained in a recent series devoted to non-Hermitian quantum field theories for which we systematically modify the underlying symmetries. Particular attention is placed on the interplay between the continuous symmetry group that we alter from global to local, from Abelian to non-Abelian, from rank one to generic rank N, and the discrete anti-linear modified CPT-symmetries. The presence of the latter guarantees the reality of the mass spectrum in a certain parameter regime. We investigate the extension of Goldstone’s theorem and the Higgs mechanism, which we demonstrate to work in the conventional fashion in the CPT-symmetric regime, but which needs to be modified technically at the standard exceptional points of the mass spectrum and entirely fails at what we refer to as zero exceptional points as well as in the broken CPT-symmetric regime. In the full non-Hermitian non-Abelian gauge theory we identify the t’Hooft-Polyakov monopoles by means of a fourfold Bogomol’nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield (BPS) limit. We investigate this limit further for other types of non-Hermitian field theories in 1+1 dimensions that possess complex super-exponential and inverse hyperbolic kink/anti-kink solutions and for 3+1 dimensional Skyrme models for which we find new types of complex solutions, that all have real energies due to the presence of different types of CPT-symmetries.
Characteristic influence of exceptional points in quantum dynamics
Authors: Garmon Savannah , Sawada Takafumi , Noba Kenichi , Ordonez Gonzalo
Published: October 2021

We review some recent work on the occurrence of coalescing eigenstates at exceptional points in non-Hermitian systems and their influence on physical quantities. We particularly focus on quantum dynamics near exceptional points in open quantum systems, which are described by an outwardly Hermitian Hamiltonian that gives rise to a non-Hermitian effective description after one projects out the environmental component of the system. We classify the exceptional points into two categories: those at which two or more resonance states coalesce and those at which at least one resonance and the partnering anti-resonance coalesce (possibly including virtual states as well), and we introduce several simple models to explore the dynamics for both of these types. In the latter case of coalescing resonance and anti-resonance states, we show that the presence of the continuum threshold plays a strong role in shaping the dynamics, in addition to the exceptional point itself. We also briefly discuss the special case in which the exceptional point appears directly at the threshold.
Non-Hermitian Yukawa interactions of fermions with axions: potential microscopic origin and dynamical mass generation
Authors: Mavromatos Nick E.
Published: October 2021

In this mini review, we discuss some recent developments regarding properties of (quantum) field-theory models containing anti-Hermitian Yukawa interactions between pseudoscalar fields (axions) and Dirac (or Majorana) fermions. Specifically, we first motivate physically such interactions, in the context of string-inspired low-energy effective field theories, involving right-handed neutrinos and axion fields. Then we proceed to discuss their formal consistency within the so-called Parity-Time-reversal(PT)-symmetry framework. Subsequently, we review dynamical mass generation, induced by the Yukawa interactions, for both fermions and axions. The Yukawa couplings are assumed weak, given that they are conjectured to have been generated by non-perturbative effects in the underlying microscopic string theory. The models under discussion contain, in addition to the Yukawa terms, also anti-Hermitian anomalous derivative couplings of the pseudoscalar fields to axial fermion currents, as well as interactions of the fermions with non-Hermitian axial backgrounds. We discuss the role of such additional couplings on the Yukawa-induced dynamically-generated masses. For the case where the fermions are right-handed neutrinos, we compare such masses with the radiative ones induced by both, the anti-Hermitian anomalous terms and the anti-Hermitian Yukawa interactions in phenomenologically relevant models.
Conserved quantities, exceptional points, and antilinear symmetries in non-Hermitian systems
Authors: Ruzicka Frantisek , Agarwal Kaustubh S. , Joglekar Yogesh N.
Published: October 2021

Over the past two decades, open systems that are described by a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian have become a subject of intense research. These systems encompass classical wave systems with balanced gain and loss, semiclassical models with mode selective losses, and minimal quantum systems, and the meteoric research on them has mainly focused on the wide range of novel functionalities they demonstrate. Here, we address the following questions: Does anything remain constant in the dynamics of such open systems? What are the consequences of such conserved quantities? Through spectral-decomposition method and explicit, recursive procedure, we obtain all conserved observables for general

PT

-symmetric systems. We then generalize the analysis to Hamiltonians with other antilinear symmetries, and discuss the consequences of conservation laws for open systems. We illustrate our findings with several physically motivated examples.
Fuzzy Logic Intelligent system for an Automatic medical waste segregation
Authors: Ramani Bai Gopinath V , Dhavarpanah S H , Kangadharan G , Ruzaimah R
Published: October 2021

AUTOM is an acronym given to a commercially designed automatic waste disposal master tool for medical laboratories and clinical waste separation through this research study. In this research, a fuzzy rule-based system is designed which can segregate 24 different waste types which are selected from 8 more common medical waste groups. In the proposed system, after capturing each frame some pre-processing operations are done, features are extracted, fuzzy parameters, fuzzy terms and fuzzy rules are determined and finally a rule with a maximum certification degree is fired. In the designed fuzzy rule-based system 24 roles corresponding to the 24 detectable objects exist, 14 fuzzy parameters are defined, and a maximum of 3 fuzzy terms for each fuzzy parameter have been considered. The system is flexible on different light conditions, view degree of the camera, and 360° object rotation. Our experiments on a real environment and using both new and used wastes have shown up to 94% of better performance of the system developed.