bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microencapsulation of Umami Flavor Enhancer from Indonesian Waters Brown Seaweed
Authors: Nurhidajah Nurhidajah , Pranata Boby , Yusuf Muhammad , Sya’di Yunan Kholifatuddin , Yonata Diode
Published: April 2022

Sargassum aquifolium is a type of brown seaweed that grows in Indonesian waters. The L-glutamic acid in Sargassum aquifolium extract can be optimized to be a natural umami flavor enhancer. Spray drying is used for the manufacture of umami flavor enhancing microcapsules, where the core ingredient (extract of Sargassum aquifolium) is coated with 10, 20, and 30 % (w/v) Maltodextrin (MD). The increase in coating material caused the water content, water activity, and hygroscopicity of the microcapsules to decrease significantly. This is followed by an increase in bulk and tapped density, as well as powder flowability. The particle size distribution is getting smaller, with smooth surface morphology and uniform shape, and the microcapsule L-glutamic acid levels increased with the addition of the MD concentration. The increase in coating material had a negative impact on the wettability time of the flavor enhancer, the color of the product was slightly degraded but the brightness increased significantly. Meanwhile, the water soluble index and water absorption index for microcapsules did not increase the coating material’s increase. In conclusion, the best umami flavor enhancing microcapsules from Sargassum aquifolium seaweed extract was produced by adding 30 % MD coating material which was dried by spray drying.
Is Urinary Pyridinium Crosslinks Associated with Stunting in Stunting Children in Indonesia
Authors: Hayati Aslis Wirda , Alza Yessi
Published: April 2022

The objective of this study was to analyze the correlation between pyridinium crosslinks (Pyd) urine and stunting among children. We also determined the effect of nutritional intervention on the Pyd content in urine among stunting children. The study was a cross-sectional involving 173 children in Pekanbaru and Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota, Indonesia in 2014 (children aged 0-3 days: n = 32), in 2017 (children aged 4-6 years: n = 80), in 2018 (children 4-6 years old: n = 25), and in 2020 (children 12-15 years old: n = 36). Height gauges, family socio-economic questionnaires, pot urine and Pyd kit were utilized to gather the data. As nutritional interventions, milk was given to children aged 4-6 years old for 4 months (as additional energy; 20% of the recommended dietary allowance); brunch meals and milk were given to children 12-15 years old for 34 days (as additional energy; 30% recommended dietary allowance). Pyd and height were used as parameter indicators in this study. Pearson correlation and t-test (significance p< 0.05 and p<0.01) were applied for statistical analysis. The Pyd content of stunted children aged in 0-3 days, 3-5 years, 4-6 years, and 12-15 years were discovered to be 982, 16.4, 16.9 and 9.6 nmol/mmol creatinine, respectively. The Pyd content of stunted children aged 4-6 and 12-15 years before and after nutritional intervention were 16.9 vs 15.3 and 9.81 vs 5.33 nmol/mmol creatinine, respectively. Stunting neonatal urine Pyd content was found to be different from normal neonatal urine Pyd content (p <0.01). There was a correlation revealed between urine Pyd content and height of children aged 4-6 years (p <0.05) and r = -0.242. A difference was observed in the urine Pyd content of children 4-6 years before nutrition intervention (p <0.01) as well as in urine Pyd content of children aged 12-15 years before and after nutritional intervention (p <0.05); as many as 19.4% of the subjects increased their nutritional status from stunting to normal. The urine Pyd is expected to be a marker of the efficacy of nutritional care in bone growth disorders associated with bone resorption in stunting children.
Extraction of Timber’s Features using GLCM, Color Moment and Isotropic Undecimated Wavelet Transform (IUWT)
Authors: Rahayu Putri Nur , Erwanto Danang - , Putri Asti Riani
Published: April 2022

Feature extraction can be used to know the characteristic of timber’s texture. Characteristic of timber’s texture can be used to help researcher to identify DNA of timbers which can be detected illegal logging in Indonesia. In this reseach the proposed method is combination GLCM, Color Moment, and Isotropic Undecimated Wavelet Transform (IUWT). The result of the proposed method has agood accuracy.
ANALYSIS OF MATURITY LEVELS OF ICT UTILIZATION ON EAST JAVA’S MICRO, SMALL, MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (MSMEs) IN THE NEW HABITS ADAPTATION ERA
Authors: Amalia Siska - , Affandi Achmad , Sumpeno Surya
Published: April 2022

The use of information and communication technology has increased along with the Covid-19 pandemic in early 2020 which made the whole world turn into digitalization. This study focuses on analyzing the maturity level of ICT utilization on East Java’s MSMEs using the Business Model Canvas (BMC) approach and the Capability Maturity Model ISAC FOUNDATION (2007) and evaluating gaps. The results of the analysis shows the maturity average of ICT utilization in East Java’s MSMEs is 0.86, which is at Level 1 (Initial), the gap average is 2,13 and the gap maturity value in ICT utilization in East Java’s MSMEs is Large, that is 1,5.Keywords—ICT, Maturity Level, MSMEs
Data Analytics on Indonesia Industries Economic Resilience Based on Poverty Rate Growth During Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Wibawa Adhi Dharma , Wasesa Lukas Purba , Hayuningtyas Wridhasari
Published: April 2022

Covid-19 pandemic is one of the biggest challenges that each country around the world has to overcome. This pandemic has affected a lot of countries in many sectors including Indonesia. During the year 2020 when Covid-19 cases rise in Indonesia, the poverty rate has also increased by 0.97% meaning almost 270.000 people went poor. Understanding the impact and the resilience especially on the primary industry during the Covid-19 situation is important to decrease the poverty rate as well as create new alternative strategies for the government to overcome. However, the economic resilience of primary industries such as fishing and plantation is still less to explore. In this study, the economic resilience of four major industries in Indonesia when facing the Covid-19 pandemic is presented namely tourism, fishery, plantation, and micro and small business. Bivariate correlation analysis is applied to calculate the statistical correlation between the growth of poverty rate during the Covid-19 pandemic with four major industries in 34 provinces. Based on the result, it can be concluded that plantation industries are the most resilient industries while facing the Covid-19 pandemic, so the provinces with plantation industries as their main industry are less likely to have major growth in poverty rate compared to other provinces with fewer plantation industries. The second most resilient industry is fishing. Meanwhile, the tourism industry is the most vulnerable during the pandemic situation. In this study, the qualitative analysis especially in Riau and Bali provinces is also presented.
The nutritional needs of moderate–late preterm infants
Authors: Johnson Mark J , King Caroline , Boddy Bethany , Craig Stan , Males Joanna , McEwan Tom , Tagani Stephanie
Published: April 2022

This article discusses the nutritional needs of moderate and late preterm infants (born between 32+0weeks and 36+6weeks' gestation) and makes recommendations for best practice both while these infants are in hospital and when they are discharged into the community. These recommendations were derived following a roundtable meeting of a group comprising two neonatologists, three paediatric dietitians, a health visitor/paediatric nurse and a midwife practitioner. The meeting and medical writing assistance was sponsored by Nutricia. None of the participants accepted honoraria for their contributions to the discussion.
On the non-backtracking spectral radius of graphs
Authors: Lin Hongying , Zhou Bo
Published: April 2022

Given a graph $G$ with $m\ge 1$ edges, the non-backtracking spectral radius of $G$ is the spectral radius of its non-backtracking matrix $B(G)$ defined as the $2m \times 2m$ matrix where each edge $uv$ is represented by two rows and two columns, one per orientation: $(u, v)$ and $(v, u)$, and the entry of $B(G)$ in row $(u, v)$ and column $(x,y)$ is given by $\delta_{vx}(1-\delta_{uy})$, with $\delta_{ij}$ being the Kronecker delta. A tight upper bound is given for the non-backtracking spectral radius in terms of the spectral radius of the adjacency matrix and minimum degree, and those connected graphs that maximize the non-backtracking spectral radius are determined if the connectivity (edge connectivity, bipartiteness, respectively) is given.
Pós-verdade: linguagem, tecnologia, comportamento social e ética
Authors: Paludo José Roberto , Muck Kátia
Published: April 2022

Este artigo aborda a pós-verdade como fenômeno social. Ele expõe a evolução da linguagem e dos sentidos e discorre sobre as tecnologias de informação e comunicação, e a aceleração da velocidade e alcance das informações. Além disso, aborda a ética sobre quais informações são produzidas assim como as contradições e desafios em relação à pós-verdade. Por fim, ressalta as implicações pedagógicas para esse momento de pós-verdade.
O que é estratégia? Um estudo em notícias sobre negócios e em textos institucionais de grandes empresas brasileiras
Authors: Laus-Gomes Victor
Published: April 2022

Neste artigo, discutimos a relação entre a comunicação e a estratégia organizacional, enfatizando a produção de sentidos sobre a estratégia em notícias e reportagens publicadas na revista Exame e em textos institucionais de grandes empresas brasileiras. Aplicamos a técnica de análise semântica com o intuito de explorar a condensação de sentidos em formas semânticas. Os resultados indicam sentidos sobre a estratégia organizacional que são produzidos na relação entre os sistemas organizacionais e o sistema dos meios de comunicação, constituindo uma semântica própria para a comunicação da estratégia.
Etnobotânica das plantas medicinais de Madre de Deus, Bahia
Authors: Freitas Tanara Almeida de , Rodrigues Ana Carolina da Cunha
Published: April 2022

Com o objetivo de resgatar e sistematizar as informações populares sobre plantas utilizadas com fins medicinais pela comunidade de Madre de Deus, foi realizado um levantamento etnobotânico, comparando os usos locais com o conhecimento científico e incentivando o uso cuidadoso para suprir as necessidades da comunidade. Foram utilizados formulários semi-estruturados distribuídos a 120 mulheres acima de 35 anos, obtendo-se dados sobre nome popular, parte usada, modo de preparo e indicações terapêuticas de 28 espécies de plantas. Foi evidenciado grande conhecimento por parte das entrevistadas dos recursos naturais e seu uso como medicamento, utilizando espécies de diversos hábitos, das quais são extraídas diferentes partes vegetais que são empregadas de vários modos. Pôde-se perceber a necessidade de realizar estudos laboratoriais com plantas usadas para fins medicinais, principalmente daquelas que não são validadas cientificamente, ou que podem ser potencialmente tóxicas, objetivando melhorar a qualidade de vida da população local.
Perspectivas para utilização de Oxystyla pulchella Spix, 1827 (Mollusca: Bulimulidae) em programas de manejo integrado na Citricultura
Authors: Borges Carlos Alexshander Macêdo , Cruz Jucelho Dantas da
Published: April 2022

Neste trabalho são abordados aspectos relativos ao potencial que o molusco Oxystyla pulchella tem para ser utilizado na citricultura. Este molusco é um eficaz predador de Orthezia praelonga, promove a remoção de algas, liquens e fungos de revestimento, além de reciclar nutrientes, pois suas fezes são ricas em macro e micronutrientes.
Flora da Bahia
Authors: Giulietti Ana Maria , Queiroz Luciano P. de , Silva Tânia Regina dos Santos , França Flávio , Guedes Maria Lenise , Amorim André Márcio
Published: April 2022

O Projeto Flora da Bahia foi iniciado em 1997 nos moldes previstos pela Sociedade de Botânica do Brasil para a atualização da Flora do Brasil. É o produto de vários anos de coleta e identificação de espécimes do Estado da Bahia e reflete o esforço conjunto de várias instituições e pesquisadores. A flora será publicada nos níveis de família ou gênero(s) através de trabalhos independentes na revista Sitientibus série Ciências Biológicas, seguindo o padrão estabelecido. Paralelamente, continua ativo o programa de coleta visando ampliar o número de coleções do Estado, focando principalmente as áreas mal amostradas, a formação de novos taxonomistas e projetos para o melhor conhecimento, utilização e conservação da flora.
Flora da Bahia: Passifloraceae
Authors: Nunes Teonildes Sacramento , Queiroz Luciano Paganucci de
Published: April 2022

Este trabalho apresenta o resultado do levantamento da família Passifloraceae para o estado da Bahia. A família é predominantemente tropical e subtropical e possui cerca de 20 gêneros e 650 espécies. Ocorre nas áreas mais quentes da América com algumas espécies na Ásia e Austrália e uma espécie em Madagascar. No Brasil ocorrem quatro gêneros: Ancistrothysus Harms, Dilkea Mast., Mitostemma Mast. e Passiflora L., com cerca de 120 espécies, a maioria subordinada ao gênero Passiflora. Para o estado da Bahia foi registrado apenas o gênero Passiflora com 31 espécies. Dentre as espécies encontradas, três são endêmicas do Estado: Passiflora saxicola, P. bahiensis e P. mucugeana. São apresentados: chave para identificação, descrições, ilustrações, fotos e mapas da distribuição das espécies no Estado.
Portrait imaging relighting system based on a simplified photometric stereo method
Authors: Chang Hsin-Yuan , Lin Tzung-Han
Published: April 2022

This study proposes a portrait image relighting system based on a simplified photometric stereo method. The system, comprising a controllable digital single lens reflex camera and five polarized flashlights, can obtain a color shade-less image and synthesize a normal map from shaded images. When calibrating the photometric stereo, the normal map is taken as a linear combination of shaded images and clamped with respect to specific normal directions on a white-coated sphere. The relit images were generated through inverse rendering in a predefined virtual environment. To evaluate personal preference, 24 adult subjects were recruited to conduct subjective assessments comparing the deep portrait relighting method results. From experiments regarding different scenarios, we concluded that the proposed system based on a simplified photometric stereo performs acceptably for relighting portrait images.
Mach–Zehnder interferometer comb filter for multi-wavelength mode-locked generation from erbium-doped fiber laser
Authors: Ridha Fay F. , Al-Janabi Abdulhadi , Al-Hayali Sarah Kadhim
Published: April 2022

A picosecond pulse multi-wavelength erbium-doped fiber ring laser based on an optically switchable/tunable Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) filter is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The MZI configuration is constructed with two 3 dB couplers and two short pieces of endlessly single-mode photonic crystal fiber with different lengths in each arm. The combination of the MZI and a polarization controller (PC) acts as a selective comb filter and a mode-locking device. By adjusting the pump power or the first PC (PC1) state, the laser can emit up to 10 channels with a 20 nm tuning range (1530 to 1550 nm). Furthermore, by changing the PC1 condition, stable picosecond mode-locking generation with a repetition rate of 13.5 MHz is realized. To achieve wavelength spacing tunable multiple-channel laser emissions, the MZI is configured by incorporating a second PC (PC2) in one arm of the conventional MZI. Four channels of picosecond mode-locking pulses with a repetition rate of 11.6 MHz in the range of 1530–1550 nm are realized by carefully controlling the pump power and/or PC2 state. With the manipulation of intracavity birefringence through PCs with comb filtering via MZI, the proposed structure may be a potential tool in various photonics applications.
High-speed, large dynamic range spectral domain interrogation of fiber-optic Fabry–Perot interferometric sensors
Authors: Wong Kit Pan , Kim Hyun-Tae , Rajasekaran Keshav , Yazdkhasti Amirhossein , Sai Sudhakar Bala , Wang An , Lee Samuel E. , Kiger Kenneth , Duncan James H. , Yu Miao
Published: April 2022

We report high-speed, large dynamic range spectral domain interrogation
of fiber-optic Fabry–Perot (FP) interferometric sensors. An optical
interrogation system employing a piezoelectric FP tunable filter and
an array of fiber-Bragg gratings for wavelength referencing is
developed to acquire the reflection spectrum of FP sensors at a high
interrogation speed with a wide wavelength range. A 98 nm wavelength
interrogation range was obtained at the resonance frequency of

∼

110

k
H
z

of the FP tunable filter. At this
frequency, the resolution of the FP cavity length measurement was
1.8 nm. To examine the performance of the proposed high-speed spectral
domain interrogation scheme, two diaphragm-based fiber-tip FP sensors
(a pressure sensor and acoustic sensor) were interrogated. The
pressure measurement results show that the high-speed spectral domain
interrogation method has the advantages of being robust to light
intensity fluctuations and having a much larger dynamic range compared
with the conventional intensity-based interrogation method. Moreover,
owing to its capability of measuring the absolute FP cavity length,
the proposed interrogation system mitigates the sensitivity drift that
intensity-based interrogation often suffers from. The acoustic
measurement results demonstrate that the high-speed spectral domain
interrogation method is capable of high-frequency acoustic
measurements of up to 20 kHz. This work will benefit many applications
that require high-speed interrogation of fiber-optic FP
interferometric sensors.
Fifty years of struggle to control cutaneous leishmaniasis in the highest endemic county in Iran: A longitudinal observation inferred with interrupted time series model
Authors: Aflatoonian Mohammadreza , Sharifi Iraj , Aflatoonian Behnaz , Salarkia Ehsan , Khosravi Ahmad , Tavakoli Oliaee Razieh , Bamorovat Mehdi , Aghaei Afshar Abbas , Babaei Zahra , Sharifi Fatemeh , Taheri Soodejani Moslem , Shirzadi Mohammad Reza , Gouya Mohammad Mehdi , Nadim Abolhassan , Sharifi Hamid
Published: April 2022

Negligible data are available following major social activities and environmental changes on leishmaniasis. Therefore, how interactions between these events influence cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) risk is not well-known. This longitudinal study was undertaken to explore the impact of interventions conducted between 1971 and 2020 in Bam county, which has had the highest disease burden in Iran. Only confirmed CL cases during this period were taken into account. Data were analyzed by SPSS 22 using the X2 test to assess the significance of the difference between proportions. Moreover, we used interrupted time series (ITS) to assess the impact of three environmental events during this period. Overall, 40,164 cases of CL occurred in the past five decades. Multiple complex factors were among the leading causes that synergistically induced the emergence/re-emergence of CL outbreaks in Bam. The main factors attributed negatively to CL control were cessation of malaria spraying activity, expansion of the city spaces, and a massive earthquake creating new breeding potentials for the vectors. The highest impact on CL incidence during these years was related to the earthquake [coefficient = 17.8 (95% CI: 11.3, 22.7); p-value < 0.001]. Many factors can contribute to CL outbreaks in endemic foci. They also can cause new foci in new areas. Since humans are the single reservoir for CL in this area, early detection and effective management significantly contribute to controlling CL to reduce the disease burden. However, essential evidence gaps remain, and new tools are crucial before the disease can ultimately be controlled. Nevertheless, sustained funding and more trained task forces are essential to strengthen surveillance and case management and monitor the interventions’ impact.
The clinical value of miRNA-21 in cervical cancer: A comprehensive investigation based on microarray datasets
Authors: Deng Zhi-Min , Chen Gan-Hong , Dai Fang-Fang , Liu Shi-Yi , Yang Dong-Yong , Bao An-Yu , Cheng Yan-Xiang
Published: April 2022

Previous work has demonstrated that the expression of microRNA-21 (miR-21) is implicated in cervical cancer (CC). However, little is known regarding its associations with clinical parameters. We first conducted a meta-analysis using data from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) microarrays and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Then, enrichment analysis and hub gene screening were performed by bioinformatic methods. Finally, the role of the screened target genes in CC was explored. According to the meta-analysis, the expression of miR-21 in cancer tissues was higher than in adjacent nontumor tissues (P < 0.05). In addition, 46 genes were predicted as potential targets of miR-21. After enrichment analyses, it was detected that these genes were enriched in various cancer pathways, including the phosphatidylinositol signaling system and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. In this study, bioinformatic tools and meta-analysis validated that miR-21 may function as a highly sensitive and specific marker for the diagnosis of CC, which may provide a novel approach to the diagnosis and treatment of CC.
Infectious dose of Senecavirus A in market weight and neonatal pigs
Authors: Buckley Alexandra , Lager Kelly
Published: April 2022

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a picornavirus that produces a highly transmissible vesicular disease that can devastate meat and dairy production to such an extent that FMDV-free countries commit significant economic resources to maintain their FMDV-free status.Senecavirus A(SVA), also a picornavirus, causes vesicular disease in swine that is indistinguishable from FMDV. Since 2015, SVA outbreaks have been reported around the world requiring FMDV-free countries to investigate these cases to rule out FMDV. Understanding the pathogenesis of the SVA and its ability to transmit to naïve populations is critical to formulating control and prevention measures, which could reduce FMDV investigations. The primary objective of this study was to determine the infectious dose of SVA in market weight and neonatal pigs. A 2011 SVA isolate was serially hundred-fold diluted to create four challenge inoculums ranging from 106.5to 100.5TCID50/ml. Four market weight pigs individually housed were intranasally inoculated with 5 mL of each dose (n = 16). Serial ten-fold dilutions were used to create 6 challenge inoculums ranging from 105.5to 100.5TCID50/ml for neonatal pigs. Again, four animals in individual housing were challenged orally with 2 mL of each dose (n = 24). Detection of SVA by PCR in collected samples and/or neutralizing antibody response was utilized to classify an animal as infected. The minimum infectious dose for this study in market weight animals was 1,260 TCID50/ml (103.1TCID50/ml) and for neonates it was 316 TCID50/ml (102.5TCID50/ml). Knowledge of the infectious dose of SVA can guide biosecurity and disinfection measures to control the spread of SVA.
Validation pipeline for machine learning algorithm assessment for multiple vendors
Authors: Bizzo Bernardo C. , Ebrahimian Shadi , Walters Mark E. , Michalski Mark H. , Andriole Katherine P. , Dreyer Keith J. , Kalra Mannudeep K. , Alkasab Tarik , Digumarthy Subba R.
Published: April 2022

A standardized objective evaluation method is needed to compare machine learning (ML) algorithms as these tools become available for clinical use. Therefore, we designed, built, and tested an evaluation pipeline with the goal of normalizing performance measurement of independently developed algorithms, using a common test dataset of our clinical imaging. Three vendor applications for detecting solid, part-solid, and groundglass lung nodules in chest CT examinations were assessed in this retrospective study using our data-preprocessing and algorithm assessment chain. The pipeline included tools for image cohort creation and de-identification; report and image annotation for ground-truth labeling; server partitioning to receive vendor “black box” algorithms and to enable model testing on our internal clinical data (100 chest CTs with 243 nodules) from within our security firewall; model validation and result visualization; and performance assessment calculating algorithm recall, precision, and receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC). Algorithm true positives, false positives, false negatives, recall, and precision for detecting lung nodules were as follows: Vendor-1 (194, 23, 49, 0.80, 0.89); Vendor-2 (182, 270, 61, 0.75, 0.40); Vendor-3 (75, 120, 168, 0.32, 0.39). The AUCs for detection of solid (0.61–0.74), groundglass (0.66–0.86) and part-solid (0.52–0.86) nodules varied between the three vendors. Our ML model validation pipeline enabled testing of multi-vendor algorithms within the institutional firewall. Wide variations in algorithm performance for detection as well as classification of lung nodules justifies the premise for a standardized objective ML algorithm evaluation process.
Gene expression profile of chronic oral graft-versus-host disease
Authors: Pinto Giselle Rocha , Sarmento Viviane Almeida , de Carvalho-Filho Paulo Cirino , Fortuna Vitor Antonio , Costa Ryan dos Santos , Conceição Rogério Reis , Trindade Soraya Castro
Published: April 2022

Among the complications observed after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is the primary cause of post-transplant mortality. The oral cavity is the second most affected organ target in chronic GVHD. Tissue damage results from the upregulation of inflammatory mediators, which play a critical role in the immunopathogenesis of the disease. This case series observational study aims to evaluate the participation of cytokines, chemokines, transcription factors, and heat shock proteins in the pathogenesis of oral GVHD (oGVHD), describing the mRNA expression of 28 genes selected. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from six participants with oGVHD and two without GVHD, and relative expression of transcripts with established roles as inflammatory mediators was determined in triplicate using the human RT2 Profiler™ PCR Array. The gene expression levels in the group with oGVHD were mainly up-regulated compared to those without GVHD. PBMC from oGVDH expressed consistently higher IFN-γ, TNF, IL-1β, CCL2, HSP60 (HSPD1) and HSP90 (HSP90B1). These results can provide a basis for developing new molecular diagnostics and targets therapies for the clinical management of oGVHD.
Comparing the accuracy of two diagnostic methods for detection of light Schistosoma haematobium infection in an elimination setting in Wolaita Zone, South Western Ethiopia
Authors: Mohammed Hussein , Landeryou Toby , Chernet Melkie , Liyew Ewnetu Firdawek , Wulataw Yonas , Getachew Birhanu , Difabachew Hailemariam , Phillips Anna , Maddren Rosie , Ower Alison , Mekete Kalkidan , Belay Habtamu , Endrias Tujuba , Anjulo Ufaysa , Tasew Geremew , Anderson Roy , Tollera Getachew , Abate Ebba
Published: April 2022

Reagent urinalysis dipstick and filtration have been recommended diagnostic methods for the detection of urogenital schistosomiasis. However, the accurate diagnosis of light infections using these methods presents a major challenge. This study evaluates the diagnosis accuracy of light infection with Schistosoma haematobium in study participants living in Wolaita Zone, an area targeted for sustainable control of Schistosomiasis, and ultimately interrupt transmission. Urine samples were collected from children and adults in surveys carried out during baseline and longitudinal sentinel site surveys conducted from 2018 to 2020. All urine samples were tested using a reagent urinalysis dipstick test (Haemastix) to detect microhaematuria with reference urine filtration technique as a proxy for S. haematobium infection. Sensitivity and specificity were determined in diagnosing urogenital schistosomiasis. Cohen’s Kappa statistics was done for the agreement of these diagnostic methods. A total of 12,102 participants were enrolled in the current baseline study. Among them, 285 (2.35%) samples tested positive for microhaematuria and 21 (0.20%) positive for S. haematobium eggs. A total of 4,357 samples were examined in year 1 and year 2 using urine dipsticks, and urine filtration 172 (3.95%) and 2 (0.05%) were positive for microhaematuria and S. haematobium eggs. The reagent urinalysis dipsticks showed the highest sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing light intensity of infection,100% (95% CI:85.18–100.00) and 97.4% (95% CI: 97.10–97.60), respectively. There is a slight agreement between the two methods (Kappa = 0.09, 95% CI: 0.01–0.18). The present study revealed very low prevalence and light intensity of S. haematobium infections. The study also highlights that the dipstick test is considered a useful adjunct diagnostic tool for population-based control of urogenital schistosomiasis.
Temperature or competition: Which has more influence on Mediterranean ant communities?
Authors: Sánchez-García Daniel , Cerdá Xim , Angulo Elena
Published: April 2022

Temperature and competition are two of the main factors determining ant community assemblages. Temperature may allow species to forage more or less efficiently throughout the day (in accordance with the maximum activity temperature of each species). Competition can be observed and quantified from species replacements occurring during resource exploitation. We studied the interspecific competitive interactions of ant communities from the Doñana Biological Reserve (southern Spain). Ants were sampled from pitfall traps and baits in three habitats with contrasted vegetation physiognomy (savin forest, pine forest, and dry scrubland). We measured the temperature during the competitive interactions between species and created a thermal competition index (TCI) to assess the relative contribution of temperature and numerical dominance to the competitive outcomes. Temperature had unequal effects on ant activity in each type of habitat, and modulated competitive interactions. The TCI showed that a species’ success during pair interactions (replacements at baits) was driven by the proportion of workers between the two competing species and by the species-specific effect of temperature (how advantageous the temperature change is for each species during bait replacement). During competitive interactions, the effect of temperature (higher values of TCI) and numeric supremacy (higher worker proportion) gave higher success probabilities. Interspecific competitive relationships in these Mediterranean ant communities are habitat dependent and greatly influenced by temperature.
Hyperspectral image compressed processing: Evolutionary multi-objective optimization sparse decomposition
Authors: WANG Li , WANG Wei
Published: April 2022

In the compressed processing of hyperspectral images, orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm (OMP) can be used to obtain sparse decomposition results. Aimed at the time-complex and difficulty in applying real-time processing, an evolutionary multi-objective optimization sparse decomposition algorithm for hyperspectral images is proposed. Instead of using OMP for the matching process to search optimal atoms, the proposed algorithm explores the idea of reference point non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA) to optimize the matching process of OMP. Take two objective function to establish the multi-objective sparse decomposition optimization model, including the largest inner product of matching atoms and image residuals, and the smallest correlation between atoms. Utilize NSGA-III with advantage of high accuracy to solve the optimization model, and the implementation process of NSGA-III-OMP is presented. The experimental results and analysis carried on four hyperspectral datasets demonstrate that, compared with the state-of-the-art algorithms, the proposed NSGA-III-OMP algorithm has effectively improved the sparse decomposition performance and efficiency, and can effectively solve the sparse decomposition optimization problem of hyperspectral images.
Puncturing apple fruits increases survival of Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in laboratory rearing
Authors: Sarker Souvic , Lim Un Taek
Published: April 2022

Grapholita molesta (Busck) is a major pest in orchards of apple, peach, and plum. For better rearing in the laboratory, we compared the life history characteristics of G. molesta by providing larvae with either punctured or unpunctured apple fruits. The development time of immatures and the fecundity of adult females were similar between punctured and unpunctured apples. However, the overall survival rate of G. molesta (larvae to adult emergence) was 1.7 times higher on punctured apples than unpunctured ones, resulting in a higher intrinsic rate of population increase. Therefore, punctured apples would be a better food source for rearing of G. molesta.
In silico identification of novel biomarkers for key players in transition from normal colon tissue to adenomatous polyps
Authors: Isik Zerrin , Leblebici Asım , Demir Karaman Ezgi , Karaca Caner , Ellidokuz Hulya , Koc Altug , Ellidokuz Ender Berat , Basbinar Yasemin
Published: April 2022

Adenomatous polyps of the colon are the most common neoplastic polyps. Although most of adenomatous polyps do not show malign transformation, majority of colorectal carcinomas originate from neoplastic polyps. Therefore, understanding of this transformation process would help in both preventive therapies and evaluation of malignancy risks. This study uncovers alterations in gene expressions as potential biomarkers that are revealed by integration of several network-based approaches. In silico analysis performed on a unified microarray cohort, which is covering 150 normal colon and adenomatous polyp samples. Significant gene modules were obtained by a weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Gene modules with similar profiles were mapped to a colon tissue specific functional interaction network. Several clustering algorithms run on the colon-specific network and the most significant sub-modules between the clusters were identified. The biomarkers were selected by filtering differentially expressed genes which also involve in significant biological processes and pathways. Biomarkers were also validated on two independent datasets based on their differential gene expressions. To the best of our knowledge, such a cascaded network analysis pipeline was implemented for the first time on a large collection of normal colon and polyp samples. We identified significant increases in TLR4 and MSX1 expressions as well as decrease in chemokine profiles with mostly pro-tumoral activities. These biomarkers might appear as both preventive targets and biomarkers for risk evaluation. As a result, this research proposes novel molecular markers that might be alternative to endoscopic approaches for diagnosis of adenomatous polyps.
Avaliação da eficiência de remoção de DQO, nitrogênio e fósforo no cotratamento de esgoto com lixiviado em sistema de lodos ativados
Authors: Ruiz Gabriela Soares , Tannuri Sylvia Torrezan , Mauad Cristiane Ribeiro , Vendramel Simone Maria Ribas , Veneu Diego Macedo
Published: April 2022

O cotratamento de lixiviado de aterro sanitário e esgoto sanitário é uma possibilidade para o tratamento destes efluentes no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Porém, tal combinação pode ser prejudicial ao funcionamento das estações de tratamento visto que as características físico-químicas do lixiviado podem influenciar negativamente a eficiência do sistema de tratamento de lodos ativados. Com isso, este trabalho busca identificar uma proporção segura de combinação de lixiviado/esgoto que permita ter uma boa eficiência no tratamento do efluente combinado e identificar possíveis alterações no comportamento da fase líquida e sólida do sistema. Para isso, foram realizados experimentos em batelada em escala de bancada levando em consideração uma idade do lodo de 30 dias e um tempo de detenção hidráulica de 24 h. Os experimentos foram conduzidos com concentrações crescentes de lixiviado no esgoto sanitário, nas proporções de 1,0; 2,5; 5,0 e 10%, assim como um experimento em branco, que consistiu no esgoto sem adição de lixiviado. Os parâmetros físico-químicos DQO, N-NH4+, N-NO2-, N-NO3- e P-PO43- foram avaliados ao longo do tempo.
Modelagem fuzzy na avaliação do risco de contaminação das águas subterrâneas na ilha Algodoal/Maiandeua/PA
Authors: Lisboa Erico Gaspar , Menezes Júlio P. L , Alves Igor C.C , Bello Leonardo A. L , Mendes Ronaldo L.R
Published: April 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho é propor uma modelagem fuzzy para avaliar riscos de contaminação das águas subterrâneas em ambiente costeiro, aplicado na zona de alta intervenção da ilha Algodoal/Maiandeua (ZAIIAM), área de proteção ambiental (APA), município de Maracanã, estado do Pará, Brasil. Para tanto, na época de cheia e estiagem, amostras de água de 20 poços freáticos conduziram a aferição direta da temperatura, pH, condutividade elétrica e coliformes fecais. Por limitações para conduzir ampliadas campanhas experimentais em uma zona insular, se propõe um índice prático da qualidade da água subterrânea (IPQAS). Pela relação entre IPQAS e a quantidade de água disponível do aquífero, se avaliou o grau da consequência da contaminação por uma matriz (M-GCC). Em seguida, se qualificou o potencial poluidor por um índice desenvolvido para avaliar o grau de periculosidade de fontes contaminantes (IPFC), associadas a 68 fossas e 2 estábulos de equinos, distribuídas na ZAIIAM. A inferência fuzzy foi utilizada para aferir o IPQAS, IPFC e vulnerabilidade intrínseca do aquífero. Pela M-GCC foi possível classificar riscos fuzzy de contaminação de fontes e poços. Assim, 19 fontes apresentaram alto risco para contaminar o meio subterrâneo, sendo os estábulos de equinos enquadrados no risco muito alto. Na época de estiagem, 3 poços apresentaram alto risco de contaminação. E pela média pluviométrica anual e época de cheia, 3 poços foram enquadrados no risco muito alto. Finalmente, a metodologia proposta pode auxiliar o plano de manejo e servir como instrumento decisório para promoção da sustentabilidade hídrica de qualquer cidade pequena de zona costeira, como a APA/ilha de Algodoal/Maiandeua.
Moisture control design has to respond to all relevant hygrothermal loads
Authors: Kuenzel Hartwig , Dewsbury Mark
Published: April 2022

Moisture related damage is still a formidable cost factor in the building sector. Besides installation deficiencies, moisture control design failures are the most frequent reasons for moisture problems. Therefore, adequate moisture control analysis has become the key for sustainable buildings. However, by focusing on vapour diffusion only other important moisture loads such as driving rain, construction moisture or air infiltration are mostly neglected. Therefore, international moisture control standards often refer to simulation models for more realistic analysis, leaving many practitioners wondering how to handle these tools. To overcome this dilemma, the updated German moisture control standard has introduced a three-pathway approach for design evaluation: 1
st deemed to satisfy list, 2
nd restricted Glaser calculation and 3
rd fully fledged hygrothermal simulation. The third pathway includes the option to account for small leaks or imperfections in building envelope components. Guidelines in other countries are also embracing similar moisture control approaches which gives hope for more durable and sustainable building design. To reach this aim, moisture control should also become an integral part of the design process instead of a secondary chore.
Geoparques: Guía para la formulación de proyectos
Authors: Palacio Prieto José Luis , Rosado González Emmaline Montserrat , Martínez Miranda Giuliana Magali
Published: April 2022

Esta obra tiene como objetivo servir como marco de referencia básico acerca de los conceptos relacionados con los geoparques. Incluye una descripción del Programa Internacional de Geociencias y Geoparques de la unesco así como el procedimiento para el desarrollo y designación de un Geoparque Mundial. También incorpora una breve descripción de las experiencias adquiridas en el proceso, pionero en México, derivadas de la formulación del Geoparque Mundial unesco Mixteca Alta, uno de los dos Geoparques Mundiales mexicanos reconocidos por ese organismo y que forma parte de la Red Global de Geoparques. Este documento es resultado del proyecto “Geopatrimonio y Geoparques; estrategias para la enseñanza y divulgación de las Ciencias de la Tierra”, que contó con el financiamiento del Programa de Apoyo a Proyectos para la Innovación y Mejoramiento de la Enseñanza (papime) de la Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico (dgapa) de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Dado el creciente interés en el tema en nuestro país, este texto aspira a ser de utilidad para grupos interesados en desarrollar proyectos de Geoparque y promover la educación ambiental y el geoturismo como una estrategia de desarrollo territorial basada en la apreciación de los valores de la geodiversidad, el patrimonio geológico y el geopatrimonio.
Apuntes de geografía física y del paisaje
Authors: Ortiz Pérez Mario Arturo , Espinosa Rodríguez Luis Miguel , Oliva Valdés Gisselle
Published: April 2022

Hombre y profesional apasionado, crítico y original, el Dr. Mario Arturo Ortiz Pérez fue un académico preocupado por formar personas en el campo de la geografía para construir un mejor país. Para lograrlo preparó diversos documentos para los estudiantes del territorio, mismos que abarcan los conceptos elementales de la ciencia geográfica a través de la síntesis y del acopio de ideas centrales de quienes consideró sus guías académicas. Estos textos fueron –y siguen siendo– usados por becarios, estudiantes, tesistas y profesores, y con el tiempo se convertirían en los “Apuntes”. Destacan en ellos dos orientaciones específicas: la primera engloba temáticas relacionadas con la geoecología, la fisiografía, la regionalización y el paisaje, y la segunda se refiere a estudios de geomorfología en diferentes territorios. Esta publicación recupera la primera orientación. Compuesta de ocho capítulos, Apuntes de geografía física y del paisaje aborda temas relacionados con la geografía del paisaje, el análisis de gráficos y de las variables geográficas. Y cada apartado inicia con una breve introducción escrita por las personas y amigos cercanos a Mario Arturo, quienes fueron los responsables de revisar las ideas, la sintaxis y las referencias bibliográficas de las figuras y los textos desarrollados. Estos Apuntes se entretejen en torno a un andamiaje conformado por las ideas acerca de la geografía y el paisaje que fueron elaboradas en un complejo sistema de síntesis académica. Y presentan la integración de la experiencia de vida del Dr. Ortiz Pérez con textos que, si bien se escribieron hace varios años, hoy resultan pilares del análisis geográfico.
Una dinámica responsable
Authors: Nomen Ribé Rosa
Published: April 2022

El presente artículo es una mirada desde la ciencia y la ingeniería a la reflexión eclesial sobre la ecología integral. El estudio y análisis profundo realizado por el autor de la evolución de la Doctrina Social de la Iglesia junto a la preocupación por el medio ambiente, pone de manifiesto un diálogo constante entre entidades eclesiales y organismos internacionales hasta gestar la encíclica Laudato si’, que otorga un papel fundamental a la educación y espiritualidad en el cuidado de la casa común.
Depressão em pacientes com diabetes mellitus: contexto, diagnóstico e tratamento
Authors: Franquez Reginaldo Tavares , Silva Marcus Tolentino , Bergamaschi Cristiane de Cassia
Published: April 2022

Depressão em pacientes com diabetes mellitus: contexto, diagnóstico e tratamento
El patrimonio cultural inmaterial en San Basilio de Palenque, en busca de las representaciones de lo palenquero a través de la prensa nacional
Authors: Salge Ferro Manuel
Published: April 2022

El artículo busca evidenciar cómo la prensa escrita representa lo palenquero a partir del discurso del patrimonio cultural inmaterial. Para hacer esto caracteriza el concepto de patrimonio cultural inmaterial, el corregimiento de San Basilio de Palenque y a la prensa como productora de enunciados. Finalmente reflexiona sobre cómo Palenque se erotiza y estetiza en función del valor que le otorga el discurso legítimo del patrimonio.
El Carnaval de la vía 40, un vistazo en contravía
Authors: Lizcano Angarita Martha , González Cueto Danny
Published: April 2022

El seguimiento de las noticias de prensa sobre el Carnaval de Barranquilla, muestra un alto porcentaje de artículos, que desde su proclamación por la UNESCO como Obra Maestra del Patrimonio Oral e Inmaterial de la Humanidad, hasta la fecha, parecen inclinarse a demostrar o ventilar públicamente los intereses y escándalos económicos que se han generado en el seno de las organizaciones que actualmente lo administran. Este enfoque hace un breve recorrido por 100 años de su historia, desde las primeras investigaciones antropológicas de sus danzas y disfraces, hasta la crítica económica que ha generado su nombramiento e inclusión en el circuito mundial de la industria cultural.
Militarismo, gasto y subversión del orden colonial en el Puerto Rico de las Reformas Borbónicas (1765-1815)
Authors: Espinosa Fernández José Manuel
Published: April 2022

Durante la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII, la Corona española se embarcará en un ambicioso programa de reformas. Se tratará de fortalecer el papel del Estado, de recuperar espacios de poder, algo especialmente necesario en las colonias, donde el control metropolitano se diluía a manos de unas oligarquías cada vez más poderosas. Sin embargo, lo que hubiera debido ser una ofensiva gubernamental en toda regla, en determinados rincones de la Monarquía quedó muy matizada. Las guerras constantes dibujarán un nuevo paisaje donde aplicar la nueva política colonial, sobre todo en las llamadas plazas fuertes del imperio. Allí, en lugares como Puerto Rico, en un contexto de militarización ascendente y ante unos gastos que amenazaban con arruinar la Hacienda del rey, el papel del Estado quedará cada vez más en precario, cada vez más a merced de unos súbditos que eran los únicos capaces de sostenerlo.
Exploraciones arqueológicas en la Catedral Metropolitana de Panamá
Authors: Martín Juan Guillermo , Mendizábal omás
Published: April 2022

Tras la destrucción de Panamá Viejo en 1671, la población fue trasladada a lo que se conoce como el Casco Antiguo o San Felipe, fundado dos años más tarde, en 1673. Este nuevo emplazamiento es, actualmente, el centro histórico de la Ciudad de Panamá, el cual fue declarado Patrimonio Mundial en 1997 (Figura 1). Uno de los inmuebles emblemáticos del Casco Antiguo es la Catedral Metropolitana, ubicada en la plaza principal de la antigua ciudad. En el año 2010 se dio inicio a un proyecto de evaluación y diagnóstico del estado actual del templo, el cual incluyó una exploración arqueológica con objetivos acotados, relacionados con interrogantes estructurales del inmueble. Este trabajo ofrece los resultados de tales exploraciones, precisando la estrategia metodológica utilizada y generando una serie de hipótesis y recomendaciones que serán de utilidad al futuro proyecto de intervención y restauración del templo.