bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERMINTAAN TAMBAHAN TARIF JASA KURIR DALAM BISNIS DELIVERY ORDER DI KOTA LANGSA (TINJAUAN ETIKA EKONOMI ISLAM)
Authors: Firdaus Muhammad
Published: January 2020

Delivery order is an inter-messaging service, in its mechanism, the customer called the admin delivery to order an item desired and the admin to forward the order via what’s app to the courier. But in practice, the courier sometimes asks for additional fee courier services to consumers for a variety of reasons. The issue in this study, how is the practice additional requests for courier services in order delivery business in Langsa city and how the Islamic economic ethics reviews against additional requests for courier services in delivery order business in Langsa city. This type of research is field research. The results of this research shows, the practice additional fee courier services to consumers is the consumers feel lied. The additional fee practice of courier services is reviewed according to Islamic law is not yet qualified, because in practice the addition of fee made to make consumers or customers are less willing to feel disadvantaged because there is no prior notice (gharar), so the consumer or costomer is forced to pay. In Islam, it has been explained that one of the two people is forced to do the contract, so the contract is not valid.
Chronic Subdural Hematoma and Massive Subgaleal Hematoma Following Pediatric Minor Head Trauma
Authors: Alloyna Dhika , Tala Ihsan Z
Published: January 2020

Subdural hematomas result from injury to the bridging cortical veins or from extension of intracerebral contusion in the subarachnoid space. Chronic subdural hematomas are usually observed in infants and result from an undiagnosed or conservatively treated acute subdural hematoma. Treatment depend on the extension and localization of the hematoma. Subgaleal hematoma is caused by rupture of emissary veins and located between the periosteum and the scalp galea aponeurotica extending from the orbital ridges to the nuchal ridge.

A 6-year-old boy presented with a fluctuant mass over the scalp following a minor head injury 4 days earlier with history of headache and vomiting. He had undergone craniotomy procedure ten months earlier due to brain abscess drainage, post operative head CT revealed no abnormal radiologic findings and no clotting disorder was found before. A plain CT head revealed a thick isodense subdural collection overlying the left cerebral convexity and presentation of massive circumferensial subgaleal hematoma. Laboratory findings suggest progressive bleeding with low hemoglobin level of 6.8 g/dL but normal coagulation panel.

The patient was managed surgically with a left-sided craniotomy hematoma evacuation. The previous subgaleal and subdural drains inserted gradually showed less production 3 days after surgery were withdrawn subsequently. As the clinical symptoms resolved, he was discharged with a slight intermitten headache. The patient was loss to follow-up so there were no post operative imaging.

The majority of chronic subdural hematoma which are frequently encountered in neurosurgical practice, ideally treated with surgical drainage. Minor head trauma can lead to chronic subdural hematoma and massive subgaleal hematoma and these patients should be evaluated for underlying coagulopathy.
Burst fracture Th 9-10 treat with Transthoracal Corpectomy and stabilization: A Cases Report
Authors: Manurung Halim Rahman , Ibrahim Sabri , Dharmajaya Ridha
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Spinal fracture and dislocation are among the most feared injuries by patients and physicians alike, as the consequences can be devastating, ranging from mild pain and discomfort to severe paralysis and even death. Spinal trauma is commonly found in patients admitted to level-one trauma centers after serious accidents like traffic, falling, and sports accidents.Injuries of the cervical spine account for one third of spinal fractures and half to two thirds of all spinal cord injuries.In the thoracolumbar spine, the most common unstable fracture is the burst fracture. Altogether, burst fractures have been reported to account for about 15% of spinal injuries.Incidence of burst fractures peaked at the thoracolumbar junction and between levels T5 and T8. In 10% of cases,more than one burst fracture was seen, thereof 53% on noncontiguous levels. Main accident mechanisms were falls, traffic, and sports. Neurological deficit was highest in patients with burst fractures of the cervical spine, independent of accident mechanism, and lowest in thoracolumbar junction fractures. Burst fractures occur frequently in high energy traumas and are most commonly associated with falling and traffic accidents.Multiple burst fractures occur in 10% of cases, half thereof on noncontiguous levels.Access to the anterior thoracic spine via the transthoracic approach (via thoracotomy) can be used for decompression and fusion. To perform adequate decompression and stabilization of the thoracic spine, obtaining good exposure is a must. Preservation and protection of the vascular structures in the thoracic cavity is the key to such an exposure. Preoperative workup should include imaging modalities (plain rontgens, MRI/CT scan) to specifically define the area of decompression. If a tumor is being evaluated, CT angiography and embolization are helpful in preoperative planning. Assistance by a thoracic surgeon for exposure is highly recommended.
Trzy baśnie braci Grimm z oryginalnego wydania Kinder- und Hausmärchen. Pierwszy przekład na język polski w kontekście badań nad biografią i wkładem informatorów w powstanie zbioru
Authors: Pieciul-Karmińska Eliza
Published: January 2020

Autorka artykułu prezentuje trzy baśnie braci Grimm – Herr Fix und Fertig [Pan Szast-Prast], Die wunderliche Gasterei [Dziwaczna uczta] i Die lange Nase [Długi nos] – z pierwszego wydania zbioru Kinder- und Hausmärchen [Baśni dla dzieci i dla domu] (1812–1815), które zostały wycofane z kolejnych edycji i z tego powodu nie były jeszcze tłumaczone na język polski. Teksty przekładów w wykonaniu autorki artykułu każdorazowo poprzedza wprowadzenie uwzględniające biografię i charakterystykę postaci bajarzy. Jest to zgodne z nurtem badań nad informatorami baśni braci Grimm przedstawionym pokrótce we wprowadzeniu do artykułu.
Tłumacze wobec językowego i kulturowego tabu. Seksualizmy w książkach edukacyjnych dla dzieci i młodzieży
Authors: Paprocka Natalia , Wandel Agnieszka
Published: January 2020

Celem badania przedstawionego w artykule było ustalenie, w jaki sposób podejmuje się objęty językowym i kulturowym tabu temat seksualności w polskich przekładach edukacyjnych książek dla dzieci i młodzieży, oraz sprawdzenie, czy i pod jakim względem różnią się one od rodzimej produkcji. Autorki wzięły także pod uwagę powiązania między sposobem wyrażania się a czasem publikacji utworów, ich ideologicznym profilem oraz kategorią wiekową zakładanych odbiorców. Badanie przeprowadzono na korpusie 111 książek poświęconych edukacji seksualnej i adresowanych do dzieci i młodzieży, które ukazały się w Polsce w latach 1945–2018. Analizie poddano występujące w nich seksualizmy (czyli wyrazy lub frazeologizmy określające treści dotyczące sfery seksualnej) odnoszące się do męskich i żeńskich narządów płciowych oraz do stosunku seksualnego. Badanie wykazało, że wybory słownikowe dokonywane przez autorów i tłumaczy nierzadko naruszały normy obyczajowe i w zasadniczy sposób wpływały na kształt i zmiany powszechnych zachowań językowych.
Nie tylko Pinokio. Dwa głosy o włoskiej literaturze dziecięcej i młodzieżowej na polskim rynku wydawniczym
Authors: Rejter Dorota
Published: January 2020

W artykule recenzyjnym poddano analizie dwie publikacje dotyczące recepcji włoskiej literatury dla dzieci i młodzieży na polskim rynku wydawniczym w XX i XXI wieku. Pierwsza z nich – Serce Pinokia. Włoska literatura dla dzieci i mło­dzieży w Polsce w latach 1945–1989 autorstwa Katarzyny Biernackiej-Licznar (2018) – systematyzuje i porządkuje zjawiska dotyczące recepcji włoskiej literatury dla dzieci i młodzieży na tle dynamicznych zmian politycznych w Polsce w tytułowym okresie. Druga rozprawa – Włoska literatura dla dzieci i młodzieży w zbliżeniach polskich autorstwa Zofii Ożóg-Winiarskiej (2017) – jest krytycznoliterackim opracowaniem poświęconym współczesnej literaturze włoskiej dla młodych odbiorców, w którym podkreślono przede wszystkim wartości estetyczne owego piśmiennic­twa oraz jego złożony, wielowymiarowy charakter.
Kehidupan Ekonomi Perempuan Pesisir di Negeri Seilale Kota Ambon
Authors: Mariwy Susy Maria , Therik Wilson M.A.
Published: January 2020

Peran perempuan mempunyai peran penting dalam rumah tangga nelayan. Menjadi penjual ikan adalah pekerjaan turun temurun di lakukan oleh perempuan pesisir, dan juga merupakan suatu usaha yang di lakukan untuk membantu ekonomi rumah tangga namun tetap tidak meninggalkan kodratnya sebagai ibu rumah tangga yang mengurus anak dan juga kebutuhan rumah tangga. Peran perempuan pesisir tidak boleh lagi di anggap biasa karena peran ganda yang di miliki merupakan suatu tindakan bagi pemenuhan kebutuhan rumah tangga. Penelitian ini di fokuskan: perempuan pesisir di Negeri Seilale. Yang bertujuan untuk dapat memahami kehidupan ekonomi perempuan di Negeri Seilale. Dalam penelitian ini untuk pengumpulan data di lakukan dengan cara wawancara, observasi dan studi dokumentasi menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Peran perempuan bukan hanya sebagai ibu rumah tangga tetapi juga sebagai pengendali perekonomian rumah tangga nelayan. pendidikan yang rendah bukanlah penghalang untuk perempuan pesisir dalam berkreatifitas untuk dapat memperoleh pendapatan. Perempuan pesisir lebih mengerti tentang dirinya dan menyadari tentang perannya, bahwa dirinya mampu dan dapat bekerja untuk dapat membantu kehidupan rumah tangganya.
Kombinasi Model Pembelajaran NHT dan Snowball Throwing Untuk Mengembangkan Ketrampilan Abad 21 Mahasiswa Universitas Muhammadiyah Sorong
Authors: Setyo Arie Anang
Published: January 2020

Penetian ini bertujuan untuk mengatasi rendahnya ketrampilan abad 21 mahasiswa program studi pendidikan matematika fakultas keguruan dan ilmu pendidikan Universitas Muhammadiyah Sorong, melalui kombinasi model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe NHT dan Snowball Throwing ( NHT&ST),  desain penelitian  menggunakan “One Group Pretest- postest Design”. Intrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah lembar pengamatan pembelajaran, tes hasil belajar dan angket respons mahasiswa. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan analisis statistik deskriptif dan infrensial. Hasil pengamatan Keterlaksanaan pembelajaran dan aktivitas mahasiswa berada pada  rata-rata 3,85 (77%) kategori Sangat baik, dan 3,86 (77%) dengan kategori Baik , data hasil respons mahasiswa dengan rata-rata 4,13 (82%) berada pada kategori sangat setuju (SS). Hasil analisis infrensial dengan uji z satu pihak dengan uji pihak kiri menghasilkan nilai Z hitung (3,6215) > Z tabel ( ), hasil anailis statistik infrensial disimpulkan bahwa pada signifikansi 5%, ketrampilan Abad 21 Mahasiswa Universitas Muhammadiyah Sorong dengan menerapkan Kombinasi Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe NHT Dan Snowball Throwing (NHT&ST)  tidak kurang dari 60% dari kriteria ideal yang ditetapkan yaitu 60 %.  Berdasarkan hasil statistik deskriptif dan infrensial disimpulkan bahwa Pelaksanaan pembelajaran kombinasi model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe NHT dan Snowball Throwing (NHT&ST)  mampu mengembangkan ketrampilan abad 21 mahasiswa Semester IV Program studi Pendidikan Matematika Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muhammadiyah Sorong tahun akademik 2018/2019.
Analisis Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 5/PUU-X/2012 dalam Kaitannya dengan Kualitas Sekolah Eks RSBI
Authors: Saputra Yulianta
Published: January 2020

Beberapa waktu lalu, sebagian kalangan yang merasa dirugikan atas eksistensi Rintisan Sekolah Bertaraf Internasioal (RSBI) melakukan permohonan uji materi ke Mahkamah Konstitusi (MK). Melalui putusan nomor 5/PUU-X/2012, ditegaskan Â MK bahwa Pasal 50 ayat (3) Â Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2003 tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional yang notabene dasar hukum terkait keberadaan RSBI dinyatakan inkonstitusional. Berkaitan dengan ihwal tersebut, dalam riset ini dikaji, bagaimanakah dampak dari putusan MK a quo terhadap mutu kualitas sekolah eks RSBI pasca tak lagi menyandang status tersebut. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif. Penelitian hukum normatif hanya mengkaji data sekunder, yang meliputi bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, dan bahan hukum tersier. Hasil penelitian menandaskan bahwa setelah sekolah-sekolah tersebut tak menyandang Predikat RSBI karena putusan MK, ternyata hal itu tak mempunyai implikasi signifikan terkait kualitasnya, sebab sekolah-sekolah RSBI yang ada, sebelumnya memang sudah bermutu.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Kulit Buah Pinang dan Batang Sagu dalam Pembuatan Pupuk Organik Cair
Authors: Rosalina Febrianti , Febriadi Ihsan
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan dalam mengevaluasi efektifitas dan efisiensi dari pemanfaatan limbah kulit buah pinang dan batang sagu yang diproses menjadi pupuk organik cair pada skala laboratorium dengan kapasitas fermentor sebesar 10L. Metode dari penelitian ini menggunakan desain rancangan acak lengkap yang terdiri dari 3 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Proses fermentasi dibiarkan berlangsung selama Â±21 hari, dimana suhu bahan di dalam komposter tersebut diukur sebelum komposter ditutup rapat. Setelah 21 hari (3 minggu) hasil produksi pupuk organik cair sudah dapat diambil. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan tiap 2 minggu sekali selama 6 minggu. Data pengamatan kemudian dianalisis statistik dan apabila berpengaruh nyata maka dilakukan analisis lanjutan dengan menggunakan Duncanâ€™s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf Î±=5%. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa limbah kulit batang sagu dan kulit pinang berpotensi digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan pupuk organik cair (POC). Bahan organik yang menghasilkan volume air lindi yang cukup banyak adalah bahan organik yang diperlakukan menggunakan limbah kulit buah pinang (288 ml), dalam hal ini adalah perlakuan LPb1, LPb2, dan LPb3. Kematangan hasil fermentasi pengomposan juga memperlihatkan perubahan warna air lindi menjadi coklat kehitaman.
Pengaruh Inflasi Dan Nilai Tukar Terhadap Indeks Harga Saham LQ45
Authors: Situngkir Tiar Lina , Batu Reminta Lumban
Published: January 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa pengaruh inflasi dan nilai tukar terhadap Indeks harga saham LQ45 di Bursa Efek Indonesia.Penelitian menggunakan Metode  Error Correction Model  yang menganalisa pengaruh variabel jangaka pendek dan jangka panjang. Hasil penelitian menunjukan  pengujian secara parsial dan simultan individu variabel jangka pendek dan jangka panjang  dapat dijelaskan sebagai berikut inflasi memiliki nilai koefisien estimasi sebesar -22.94 yang artinya meningkatnya nilai inflasi sebesar 22.94 akan berdampak penurunan indeks harga saham LQ45. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa  estimasi koefisien kurs -0.026 mengindikasikan bahwa meningkatnya nilai kurs senilai 0.026 akan berdampak penurunan indeks harga saham LQ45 senilai tersebut. Hal ini  secara simultan dalam jangka pendek dan jangka panjang terbukti secara keseluruhan variabel bebas yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berdamapk signifikan terhadap indeks harga saham LQ45.
Membangun Kepuasan Dan Loyalitas Mahasiswa Pengguna Ojek Online Di Kota Tangerang
Authors: Immawati Siti Asriah , Rauf Abdul
Published: January 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas jasa terhadap kepuasan dan loyalitas mahasiswa pengguna ojek online. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kota Tangerang dengan responden adalah mahasiswa pengguna transportasi berbasis aplikasi online difokuskan pada Grab dan Go-Jek mengingat bahwa kedua perusahaan ini paling populer di Kota Tangerang sebanyak 200 orang mahasiswa. Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa Bukti Fisik mempunyai pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan mahasiswa pengguna ojek online,  hal ini dibuktikan dengan hasil thitung> t tabel ( 3,705 > 1,960) dan nilai Sig sebesar 0,000 ( < 0,05). Keandalan mempunyai pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan mahasiswa pengguna ojek online, hal ini dibuktikan dengan hasil thitung> t tabel ( 11,152 > 1,960) dan nilai Sig sebesar 0,000 ( < 0,05). Ketanggapan mempunyai pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan mahasiswa pengguna ojek online, hal ini dibuktikan dengan hasil thitung> t tabel ( 5,880 > 1,960) dan nilai Sig sebesar 0,000 ( < 0,05). Empati mempunyai pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan mahasiswa pengguna ojek online, hal ini dibuktikan dengan hasil t hitung > t tabel ( 5,649 > 1,960) dan nilai Sig sebesar 0,000 ( < 0,05).  Kepuasan mempunyai pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap loyalitas mahasiswa pengguna ojek onlin , hal ini dibuktikan dengan hasil thitung> t tabel ( 14,550 > 1,960) dan nilai Sig sebesar 0,000 ( < 0,05). Sehingga kepuasan dan loyalitas Mahasiswa pengguna ojek online di kota Tangerang sangat signifikan.
Software solutions in the processes of creating and using atlas interactive maps
Authors: Chabaniuk Viktor S. , Rudenko Leonid G.
Published: January 2020

Cartographic interactivity is now most often understood as an addition to cartographic representations for end users of electronic maps. The article substantiates the need to extend this understanding. This extension will help in creation of the modern atlas systems, which are increasingly being developed as integrated or consisting of several systems. Along with end users, expert-cartographers (developers) and analysts also become users of atlas systems and their interactive maps. Users with relevant knowledge are combined into epistemologically ordered echelons – the higher the echelon, the more knowledge about interactivity the user should possess. Therefore, atlas interactive cartography should now be considered for many simultaneously operating systems and for many users. Examples of new operations of cartographic interactivity for new echelons of users are given: for expert-cartographers this is a dynamic change (i. e. during the operation of the system) of the cartographic method of modeling actuality, and for analysts, the model itself. A review of software solutions that are used to implement extended cartographic interactivity when creating a new generation of atlas systems has been completed. To prove the results, the methods of new relational cartography are used. In particular, the method of conceptual frameworks of atlas systems is used, which allows combining the methods of classical cartography and the methods of relational cartography into the system method of future system cartography. As examples of the paradigms of classical cartography, the communicative paradigm and growth perspective of R. Roth from the University of Wisconsin-Madison are chosen.
From studying the properties and functions of land and soil to assessing their ecosystem services: a review
Authors: Yatsukhno Valentin M. , Tsvetnov Evgeny V.
Published: January 2020

The content of the article is based on the results of an analytical review of foreign and domestic scientific and applied research, as well as the author’s own developments on the specific features and the role of land and soil in the provision of ecosystem services. The latter are the benefits and goods that people receive as a result of the functioning and economic use of soil and land resources, contributing to the improvement of their well-being, as well as the sustainable existence of terrestrial ecosystems. The dualist role of land and soil performing, on the one hand, economic, environmental, sanitary and hygienic, territorial-organizational and other functions, on the other hand, being a recognized form of natural capital with an accumulated stock of value, is considered. It is proposed despite the physical unity of land and soil, when valuing them, be considered separately, determining the value of soil from the standpoint of their ecological functions, and the land – the spatial basis, life support and habitat, and also as an integral part of utility and profitability of land use. The possibilities of assessing land and soil ecosystem services are analysed on the basis of the concept of their common economic value and the prospects for applying its results in environmental management practice and statistical accounting of the natural capital.
Long-period changes of the air temperature in Tatarstan and their forecast till the end of the 21st century
Authors: Perevedentsev Yuri P. , Shantalinskii Konstantin M. , Sherstukov Boris G. , Nikolaev Alexander A.
Published: January 2020

Long-term changes in air temperature on the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan in the 20th–21st centuries are considered. The periods of unambiguous changes in the surface air temperature are determined. It is established that the average winter temperature from the 1970s to 2017, increased in the Kazan region by more than 3 °C and the average summer temperature increased by about 2 °C over the same period. The contribution of global scale processes to the variability of the temperature of the Kazan region is shown: it was 37 % in winter, 23 % in summer. The correlation analysis of the anomalies of average annual air temperature in Kazan and the series of air temperature anomalies in each node over the continents, as well as the ocean surface temperature in each coordinate node on Earth for 1880 –2017, was performed. Long-distance communications were detected in the temperature field between Kazan and remote regions of the Earth. It is noted that long-period climate fluctuations in Kazan occur synchronously with fluctuations in the high latitudes of Asia and North America, with fluctuations in ocean surface temperature in the Arctic ocean, with fluctuations in air temperature in the Far East, and with fluctuations in ocean surface temperature in the Southern hemisphere in the Indian and Pacific oceans, as well as air temperature in southern Australia. It is suggested that there is a global mechanism that regulates long-term climate fluctuations throughout the Earth in the considered interval of 200 years of observations. According to the CMIP5 project, climatic scenarios were built for Kazan until the end of the 21st century.
Taciturn Masculinities: Radical Quiet and Sounding Linguistic Difference in Valeska Grisebach'sWestern
Authors: Paveck Hannah
Published: January 2020

This article brings into dialogue the work of Jean-Luc Nancy and Berlin School filmmaker Valeska Grisebach to consider the relationship between film sound, gender and settler colonialism in Western ( Valeska Grisebach, 2017 ). I draw connections between Nancy's Listening and Eugenie Brinkema's concept of radical quiet to examine how the film's sonic composition attends to the sonority of silence and voice. I argue that Western combines sonic strategies of radical quiet and part-subtitled multilingual dialogue to undermine the sovereign silence associated with the genre's white heroic masculinity and challenge linguistic nonreciprocity in settler colonial landscapes. The article contends that these strategies work together to destabilise mastery within the narrative's discursive economy and within the spectatorial experience, shifting the spectator towards a mode of Nancean listening that invites defamiliarising encounters with foreignness that depart from existing theories of embodied spectatorship. Western brings to the fore the political stakes of silence, linguistic difference, and Nancean listening as model of communication, as they intersect with the film's feminist and anti-colonialist project of revisionist critique.
Teaching Effective Policy Memo Writing and Infographics in a Policy Program
Authors: Bhasin Tavishi , Butcher Charity
Published: January 2020

Both scholarship on education and practice have recently encouraged the inclusion of writing assignments in the classroom, even in introductory courses. Writing-across-the-curriculum programs have been implemented across universities and colleges, promoting structured, writing assignments outside of language-based programs and courses. The collective knowledge on the subject highlights the effectiveness of frequent short assignments as being better for achieving learning goals, in comparison to more traditional, longer term papers often assigned in upper-division and graduate political science courses. This paper explains our efforts to revise the curriculum in two of the courses in our Master’s in International Policy Management program. In particular, we focus on two types of policy writing, policy memos and infographics. In this paper, we discuss the background of the program and courses, our choices of assignments, and their design and implementation. Further, we present student assessment of how these assignments contributed to their learning in the courses.
Determining the Economic Manufacturing Lot Size with Expedited Fabrication Rate and Product Quality Assurance
Authors: Chiu Yuan-Shyi Peter , Chen Yu-Ru , Wu Hua-Yao , Chou Chung-Li
Published: January 2020

Operations in manufacturing environments are turbulent. Thus, production managers must be capable of dealing with diverse and unexpected situations, such as either random production of imperfect items or unanticipated changes in customers’ orders. Therefore, a decision-support-type of model is required to facilitate production managers in achieving their goals. We propose a precise model that can determine the economic lot size (ELS) by incorporating issues related to expedited fabrication rate and product quality-assurance during production. Thereby, fabrication rate can be adjusted with an extra setup and the consequent unit costs. In each fabrication cycle, random non-conforming products would be screened and identified. Such items would either be disposed of or reworked with consequent extra cost, to obtain a quality-assured final product. The ELS is determined with the aid of mathematical analyses and optimization processes. A numerical example is presented to demonstrate the applicability of our model and to depict diverse critical system characteristics that support managerial decision-making.
Geostatistical Analysis on Spatial Variability of Soil Nutrients in Vertisols of Deccan Plateau Region of North Karnataka, India
Authors: Tamburi Vinod , Shetty Amba , Shrihari S.
Published: January 2020

Different methods of land use and management have a significant effect on soil properties distribution. Understanding of variations in soil nutrients in agricultural land use is important. An increase in extraction of nutrients, soil degradation, and management of nutrients is leading to a decline in quality of vertisols across the Deccan plateau of India. Though there are studies on spatial variability of vertisols macronutrients, studies on available calcium (Ca) and available magnesium (Mg) are rare. This study is conducted in Gulbarga taluk, north Karnataka, India, to evaluate the variability of soil pH, Ca, Mg, and Zinc (Zn). A total of 78 samples of soils are collected at 0 to 15 cm depth based on the accessibility and distribution of field patterns. Four subsamples represent a single composite sample. Agilent 4200 MP-AES (Microwave Plasma-Atomic. Emission Spectrometer) was used for determining the concentration of soil nutrients. The soil nutrients represent wide variation in coefficient of variation (CV) with a value of 6 % (for pH) to 70.9 % (for Zn). The soil pH showed a significantly positive correlation to Ca and a negative correlation to Mg. Geostatistical investigation indicates spherical model is the best fit for all nutrients. Except for Ca, all nutrients showed moderate spatial dependence. Ordinary kriging is used to generate spatial variability maps. The maps of spatial variability are highly variable in nutrients content and indicate that site-specific management needs to be taken by local authorities and improve the livelihood of marginal farmers and also for sustainable agriculture.
Integrating Phenological, Aerobiological and Weather Data to Study the Local and Regional Flowering Dynamics of Four Grapevine Cultivars
Authors: Fernández-González María , Ribeiro Helena , Piña-Rey Alba , Abreu Ilda , Rodríguez-Rajo F. Javier
Published: January 2020

Phenological, aerobiological, and weather data are useful tools to study local and regional flowering dynamics in crops with economic importance. The present study focuses on four autochthonous grapevine cultivars, namely, ‘Treixadura’, ‘Godello’, ‘Loureira’, and ‘Albariño’ (Vitis vinifera L.), which belong to the Designation of Origin Ribeiro area (located in northwestern Spain) from 2015–2019. The aims of the work were to (1) compare the airborne pollen concentration in the vineyard collected by two different traps, (2) analyze the influence of the main meteorological variables on cultivar phenology and pollen concentration, and (3) test the contribution of the air masses on pollen concentrations in the vineyard. Phenological development has been assessed twice weekly, according to the Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt und Chemische Industrie (BBCH) scale. Airborne pollen concentrations were monitored by using two traps during stage 6 (flowering), namely, a Hirst volumetric sampler and a Cour passive trap. The bioclimatic conditions affected the duration of flowering, ranging from 11 and 24 days. The highest seasonal pollen integral (SPIn) was registered in 2016 for the Hirst sampler, with 302 pollen, and in 2019 for the Cour trap, with 1,797,765 pollen/m2/day. The main variables affecting pollen concentrations were average temperature during the main pollen season, as well as, temperatures and dew points during the pre-peak period. The relationship between pollen data registered by both traps and the obtained harvest indicate that the Hirst trap may be more suitable for predicting a local production and that the Cour sampler is more appropriate for forecasting regional productions.
Simulation of a Novel Configuration for Luminescent Solar Concentrator Photovoltaic Devices Using Bifacial Silicon Solar Cells
Authors: Aghaei Mohammadreza , Nitti Marcello , Ekins-Daukes Ned J. , Reinders Angèle H.M.E.
Published: January 2020

In this study, a novel configuration for luminescent solar concentrator photovoltaic (LSC PV) devices is presented, with vertically placed bifacial PV solar cells made of mono-crystalline silicon (mono c-Si). This LSC PV device comprises multiple rectangular cuboid lightguides, made of poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), containing Lumogen dyes, in particular, either Lumogen red 305 or orange 240. The bifacial solar cells are located in between these lightguide cubes and can, therefore, receive irradiance at both of their surfaces. The main aim of this study is to theoretically determine the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of five differently configured LSC PV devices. For this purpose, Monte Carlo ray tracing simulations were executed to analyze the irradiance at receiving PV cell surfaces, as well as the optical performance of these LSC PV devices. Five different LSC PV devices, with different geometries and varying dye concentrations, were modeled. To maximize the device efficiency, the bifacial cells were also attached to the back side of the lightguides. The ray tracing simulations resulted in a maximum efficiency of 16.9% under standard test conditions (STC) for a 15 × 15 cm2 LSC PV device, consisting of nine rectangular cuboid 5 × 5 × 1 cm3 PMMA lightguides with 5 ppm orange 240 dye, with 12 vertically positioned 5 × 1 cm2 bifacial cells in between the lightguides and nine 5 × 5 cm2 PV cells attached to the back of the device. If the cells are not applied to the back of this LSC PV device configuration, the maximum PCE will be 2.9% (under STC), where the LSC PV device consists of 25 cubical 1 × 1 × 1 cm3 PMMA lightguides with 110 ppm red 305 dye and 40 vertically oriented bifacial PV cells of 1 × 1 cm2 in between the lightguides. These results show the vast future potential for LSC PV technologies, with a higher performance and efficiency than the common threshold PCE for LSC PV devices of 10%.
EVI1 as a Prognostic and Predictive Biomarker of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Palomero Luis , Bodnar Lubomir , Mateo Francesca , Herranz-Ors Carmen , Espín Roderic , García-Varelo Mar , Jesiotr Marzena , Ruiz de Garibay Gorka , Casanovas Oriol , López José I. , Pujana Miquel Angel
Published: January 2020

The transcription factor EVI1 plays an oncogenic role in several types of neoplasms by promoting aggressive cancer features. EVI1 contributes to epigenetic regulation and transcriptional control, and its overexpression has been associated with enhanced PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling in some settings. These observations raise the possibility that EVI1 influences the prognosis and everolimus-based therapy outcome of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Here, gene expression and protein immunohistochemical studies of ccRCC show that EVI1 overexpression is associated with advanced disease features and with poorer outcome—particularly in the CC-e.3 subtype defined by The Cancer Genome Atlas. Overexpression of an oncogenic EVI1 isoform in RCC cell lines confers substantial resistance to everolimus. The EVI1 rs1344555 genetic variant is associated with poorer survival and greater progression of metastatic ccRCC patients treated with everolimus. This study leads us to propose that evaluation of EVI1 protein or gene expression, and of EVI1 genetic variants may help improve estimates of prognosis and the benefit of everolimus-based therapy in ccRCC.
Review of the Sensory and Physico-Chemical Properties of Red and White Wheat: Which Makes the Best Whole Grain?
Authors: Grafenauer Sara , Miglioretto Chiara , Solah Vicky , Curtain Felicity
Published: January 2020

Establishing sensory and physico-chemical differences between products made from red and white wheat may guide the choice of wheat for use in whole grain and high fibre products. As sensory acceptance is key to consumption, this scoping review aimed to document sensory and physico-chemical research demonstrating quantitative differences in red and white wheat and the associated bran. The following databases were systematically searched following the PRISMA protocol: PubMed, Medline, Scopus, CINHAL and ScienceDirect (1990–2019). Of 16 studies, 13 were sensory studies with 529 participants (six of which included quantitative analysis) and three additional quantitative studies. Overall, 10 studies were in favour of white wheat (seven sensory studies, two focused on quantitative analysis and two with additional quantitative studies). Whole grain (wholemeal) bread, pita bread, crackers, noodles, tortillas, flour, intact grains and bran were examined. Aside from the seed coat colour, levels of bound versus free phenolic compounds and polyphenol oxidase activity appeared most responsible for the differences in red and white wheat. Ensuring the sample size for sensory studies are large enough to detect between-group preferences and linking to physico-chemical analysis are recommended. Attention to blinding techniques in sensory testing and use of food products realistically and consistently prepared with commercial potential are also suggested. This scoping review provides confidence in preference for white wheat for whole grain products, particularly for breads, tortillas and in the choice of white wheat for products suitable for the Asian market.
Spatial Modelling to Inform Public Health Based on Health Surveys: Impact of Unsampled Areas at Lower Geographical Scale
Authors: Watjou Kevin , Faes Christel , Vandendijck Yannick
Published: January 2020

Small area estimation is an important tool to provide area-specific estimates of population characteristics for governmental organizations in the context of education, public health and care. However, many demographic and health surveys are unrepresentative at a small geographical level, as often areas at a lower level are not included in the sample due to financial or logistical reasons. In this paper, we investigated (1) the effect of these unsampled areas on a variety of design-based and hierarchical model-based estimates and (2) the benefits of using auxiliary information in the estimation process by means of an extensive simulation study. The results showed the benefits of hierarchical spatial smoothing models towards obtaining more reliable estimates for areas at the lowest geographical level in case a spatial trend is present in the data. Furthermore, the importance of auxiliary information was highlighted, especially for geographical areas that were not included in the sample. Methods are illustrated on the 2008 Mozambique Poverty and Social Impact Analysis survey, with interest in the district-specific prevalence of school attendance.
Adsorption of Phenol on Commercial Activated Carbons: Modelling and Interpretation
Authors: Xie Bingxin , Qin Jihong , Wang Shu , Li Xin , Sun Hui , Chen Wenqing
Published: January 2020

Adsorption by activated carbons (AC) is an effective option for phenolic wastewater treatment. Three commercial AC, including coal-derived granular activated carbons (GAC950), coal-derived powdered activated carbons (PAC800), and coconut shell-derived powdered activated carbons (PAC1000), were utilized as adsorbent to study its viability and efficiency for phenol removal from wastewater. Pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, and the Weber–Morris kinetic models were used to find out the kinetic parameters and mechanism of adsorption process. Further, to describe the equilibrium isotherms, the experimental data were analyzed by the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. According to the experimental results, AC presented a micro/mesoporous structure, and the removal of phenol by AC was affected by initial phenol concentration, contact time, pH, temperature, and humic acid (HA) concentration. The pseudo-second order kinetic and Langmuir models were found to fit the experimental data very well, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 169.91, 176.58, and 212.96 mg/g for GAC950, PAC800, and PAC1000, respectively, which was attributed to differences in their precursors and physical appearance. Finally, it was hard for phenol to be desorbed in a natural environment, which confirmed that commercial AC are effective adsorbents for phenol removal from effluent wastewater.
Influence of a Water-Based Exercise Program in the Rate of Spontaneous Birth: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Rodríguez-Blanque Raquel , Aguilar-Cordero María José , Marín-Jiménez Ana Eugenia , Núñez-Negrillo Ana María , Sánchez-López Antonio Manuel , Sánchez-García Juan Carlos
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Many women change their lifestyles and habits when they become pregnant, to avoid potentially harmful effects to themselves and their babies. This is especially so with respect to physical exercise, which is often greatly reduced due to ignorance of the benefits it provides during pregnancy. Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of spontaneous birth among women who participated in a water-based physical exercise program. Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted with a sample of 129 pregnant women (Control Group, CG = 64; Exercise Group, EG = 65). A physical exercise protocol, specifically designed for pregnant women, was created and applied. Those in the EG performed 60 min exercise sessions, three times per week for 17 weeks. The participants in the CG received routine check-ups and advice throughout their pregnancy. Findings: The women in the EG presented better results for the onset of spontaneous birth (OR = 2.060 (0.980–4.332)) and for neonate Apgar score of 10 at five minutes (OR = 8.53 (3.60–20.17)). Those who had normal weight at the start of pregnancy achieved better results for spontaneous delivery (OR = 2.099 (1.017–4.335)) than those with overweight/obesity. The rate of caesarean delivery was higher in the women with overweight/obesity (OR = 3.570 ((1.226–10.397)) than in those with normal weight. Conclusions: In our study, the women who followed the water-based exercise program gained less weight during pregnancy, which facilitated a better rate of spontaneous, non-instrumental childbirth, together with a better Apgar test score at five minutes.
Predictive Factors of Response to Selective Progesterone Receptor Modulator (Ulipristal Acetate) in the Pharmacological Treatment of Uterine Fibroids
Authors: Szydłowska Iwona , Marciniak Aleksandra , Nawrocka-Rutkowska Jolanta , Rył Aleksandra , Starczewski Andrzej
Published: January 2020

Background: Selective progesterone receptor modulator ulipristal acetate (UPA) is a drug used in management of symptomatic myomas. It was observed that the response to UPA treatment in uterine myomas varied amongst patients. An attempt was thus made at establishing predictive factors conducive to better reaction to treatment with UPA. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of UPA treatment in women with myomas, depending on pretreatment myomas’ volume, number of myomas, age of patients, estrogenic status of women, and pretreatment blood flow in uterine arteries. Materials and methods: The study included patients with one to four myomas. The UPA treatment was a preparation stage for surgical treatment in all patients. The study group was divided into the subgroups according to pretreatment myomas’ volume, number of myomas, age of patients, estrogenic status of women, and pretreatment blood flow in uterine arteries. Results: A better effect of reduction in size of myomas after UPA treatment was noted when pretreatment myomas’ volume was lower than 30 cm3. A significant reduction in fibroids’ size was observed after UPA therapy independently of the number of myomas and age of patients. A good response after the UPA therapy was observed when pretreatment estradiol concentration was below 50 pg/mL and when uterine artery resistance index (RI) was above 0.8. Conclusions: Our research demonstrates that treatment with ulipristal acetate is an efficient method in preoperative preparation of patients with uterine fibroids. The most important factor of positive response to UPA therapy is myoma volume. The number of myomas and patient’s age do not interfere with effects of UPA therapy. Pretreatment estradiol concentration is significant, yet secondary for the effects of therapy. The UPA therapy has no impact on blood flow in the uterine arteries and no adverse influence on estradiol concentrations.
Characteristics of PM2.5-Bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Nitro-Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons at A Roadside Air Pollution Monitoring Station in Kanazawa, Japan
Authors: Xing Wanli , Zhang Lulu , Yang Lu , Zhou Quanyu , Zhang Xuan , Toriba Akira , Hayakawa Kazuichi , Tang Ning
Published: January 2020

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitro-PAHs (NPAHs) in PM2.5 samples were collected at a roadside monitoring station in Kanazawa, Japan, in every season from 2017 to 2018. Nine PAHs and five NPAHs were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection and chemiluminescence detection, respectively. The mean concentrations of PAHs and NPAHs were highest in winter and lowest in summer. Fluoranthene and pyrene were the dominant PAHs and 1-nitropyrene was the dominant NPAH in all seasons, and these compounds were mainly emitted by diesel vehicles. The concentration ratio of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) to benzo(ghi)perylene (BgPe) ((BaP)/(BgPe)) and of indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene (IDP) to the sum of IDP and benzo(ghi)perylene (BgPe) ((IDP)/((IDP)+(BgPe0) might still be useful indicators for identifying traffic emission sources today. Moreover, our results showed that the carcinogenic risk in all seasons was below the acceptable limit set by the WHO.
Are Adolescent Climbers Aware of the Most Common Youth Climbing Injury and Safe Training Practices?
Authors: Meyers Rachel N. , Hobbs Steven L. , Howell David R. , Provance Aaron J.
Published: January 2020

Finger growth plate injuries are the most common youth climbing injuries. The purpose of our study was to understand youth awareness of the most common youth climbing injury and safe training practices. We surveyed climbers, ages eight to 18 years old, at the 2017 USA Climbing Sport and Speed Youth National Championships. A total of 267 climbers completed the survey (mean age = 14 ± 2.7 years; 52% male). The A2 pulley injury was reported as the most common youth climbing injury by the largest portion of participants, 36%. The second most commonly identified injury was at the growth plate of the finger, 15% of participants, which was reported as significantly less than the A2 pulley injury, p < 0.001. Six percent of climbers reported the correct safe age to start double dyno campus board training. Roughly 18% of athletes identified growth plate injuries exclusively as a stress fracture, whereas 29.2% of those climbers self-reported as informed about finger growth plate injuries, but only 7.4% of climbers who self-reported as uninformed answered this question correctly. Misperceptions about skeletally-immature climbing injuries are prevalent amongst youth climbers. Education on the prevalence of finger growth plate injuries and the scarcity of A2 pulley injuries in youth climbers can increase diagnostic accuracy, improve care, and reduce long-term complications.
Long-Term Influence of Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) on Dental Implants after Maxillary Augmentation: Retrospective Clinical and Radiological Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Attia Sameh , Narberhaus Clara , Schaaf Heidrun , Streckbein Philipp , Pons-Kühnemann Jörn , Schmitt Christian , Neukam Friedrich Wilhelm , Howaldt Hans-Peter , Böttger Sebastian
Published: January 2020

The long-term clinical and radiological outcomes of dental implants inserted in augmented bone treated with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has not been well addressed in the literature yet. This study is based on a collection of patients from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) that did not report any short-term positive effects of PRP on bone healing after sinus lift surgery using autologous iliac crest bone graft. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term impact of PRP regarding clinical and radiological outcomes on the inserted implants in the previous RCT. For this evaluation, we considered the following variables: plaque index, probing depth, bleeding index, mobility grade, Periotest® values, and radiological bone loss. Out of 53 patients (n = 306 implants) included in the previous study we were able to reinvestigate 37 patients (n = 210 implants) in two centers (31 in Giessen, Germany and 6 in Erlangen, Germany). Clinical and radiographic parameters suggested overall healthy conditions of the peri-implant tissue. The PRP-group and the control group did not differ significantly in the majority of the parameters. The overall evaluation showed that result data of the PRP-group was inferior to the control group in 64 percent of the evaluated parameters. The present study cannot provide evidence of a positive effect of PRP on the long-term implant clinical and radiological outcomes. In fact, a tendency towards inferior long-term results in the PRP-group was detected without reaching a significant threshold. Further controlled trials need to be conducted to investigate this correlation.