bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis: Comparison of Compartment Syndrome Rates between Fiberglass and Plaster of Paris
Authors: Aldomyati Suad Yusuf , Zaid Aqeel Mustafa Taher Bu , Alghamidi Fouad Abdulsalam S. , Al-Ibrahim Fatem Saleh , Aljaffar Abdullah Bader , Alghamdi Sahar Abdulrahman H. , Almutawa Khalid Mohammed , Aldanyowi Saud Nayef Salem , Albinsaad Loai Saleh , Asiri Abdullah Ahmed A , Alaidarous Hasan Ali Abdullah
Published: January 2025

Background:

Pneumoni is A significant concern in orthopedic practice which involves an increased pressure within a confined space of an anatomical structure which holds the possibility of impaired blood flow, nerve injure and tissue death. Fiberglass and plaster of Paris (POP) are two favourite orthopedic casting materials with properties that could potentially affect compartment syndrome rate.

Methods:

The databases used were PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar in which a range of search was conducted. Literature analyzed were randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case control studies and observational studies in fibre glass and POP casts and their effect on compartment syndrome rate. The procedure of extraction of data involved the application of inclusion and exclusion factors, and for analysis, the study applied a random effects model pooled analysis. Finally, the subgroup and sensitivity analyses evaluated the overall stability of the results.

Results:

Study Inclusion: From this search, nine papers were identified involving 978 participants. Incidence Rates: The observed overall incidence of compartment syndrome was 8.9% (95 % CI: 6.84-11.42%) for fiberglass casts and 7.3 % (95 % CI 5.39-10.21%) for POP casts.

Statistical Analysis:

Again, there was no significant variation in the incidence rate as seen form the given P value of 0.742. Additional analyses of the study subgroup and sensitivity also supported the above findings. Begg’s test and funnel plots also did not indicate that any publication bias (P = 0.289).

Conclusions:

The systemic review demonstrates no statistical difference in the rates of compartment syndrome between fiberglass and POP casts. A treatment option should focus on these practical concerns as concerns weight, cost, and other useful considerations during the casting process while having a minuscule effect on the chances of getting compartment syndrome. Nonetheless, due to study heterogeneity and possible biases, these results should be best viewed with a pinch of salt.
Evaluating Sedation Methods for Paediatric Acute Asthma in Saudi Arabian Emergency Departments: A Cross-sectional Analysis
Authors: Aleid Abdulsalam Mohammed , Alasmari Saja Mohammed , Alshahrani Malath Saeed , Alharbi Ghada Saleh , Alhaid Taqi Abduladheem A. , Alnasser Ali Hussain , Kharaba Ayman , Albinsaad Loai Saleh
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

The effective management of paediatric asthma is a critical health challenge globally, with Saudi Arabia witnessing a significant rise in cases amongst children. This study aims to scrutinise sedation practices in paediatric acute asthma within emergency departments, aligning with national and international guidelines. The goal is to identify and propagate best practices to improve asthma care universally, reflecting the urgency for enhanced management techniques in response to the growing prevalence of the condition.

Materials and Methods:

In this cross-sectional study, we surveyed a range of emergency departments across Saudi Arabia, focusing on paediatric patients diagnosed with acute asthma and receiving sedation. Selection criteria were stringent to ensure a demographically representative sample. The study documented sedation methods through medical record analysis and direct observation, emphasising adherence to ethical protocols and data accuracy.

Results:

We evaluated sedation methods in 2,193 paediatric patients presenting with acute asthma across multiple emergency departments. The data illustrated a disparate range of sedation practices, suggesting an urgent need for standardisation. The overall effectiveness of the sedation techniques employed was modest, with a 51% success rate (n = 1119) across the board. More specifically, the reliability of propofol-based intravenous sedation was slightly lower, with a 48% effectiveness rate (n = 1053). Alarmingly, the occurrence of adverse events was notably high, with incidence rates spanning from 50% (n = 1097) to 53.1% (n = 1163) across the various sedation techniques, underscoring serious safety issues. Patient satisfaction mirrored this trend of moderate assurance, standing at 49% (n = 1075). Upon statistical evaluation, no significant disparities were found in sedation levels or in the correlation of sedation methods with respiratory, cardiovascular or psychological complications, underscoring a critical need for ongoing research to refine and optimise sedation protocols.

Conclusions:

The study reveals a significant variation in the sedation methods employed for paediatric acute asthma cases in Saudi emergency departments, with a moderate level of confidence in these practices and a concerning rate of adverse events. These findings suggest a pressing need for the development of standardised sedation protocols to improve patient outcomes. Through this research, we aim to catalyse advancements in emergency asthma care, with the potential to influence practices both within Saudi Arabia and internationally.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections amongst Infants in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Alzahrani Hayat Yahya , Alholais Anoud Mohammed , Almoaebd Rhmh , Alharbi Lama Banadr , Almaeidi Abdullah Amer , Alofi Faisal Abdalalah , Alshammari Mai Khalid , Aleid Mohammed Sami , Alruwaili Wajod Ghazi , Alqorashi Meaad Hossain , Almaymuni Saleh Mohammed , Alhodibi Mostafa Habeeb
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

The study begins within the broad context of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), a significant cause of respiratory tract infections globally, particularly severe among infants and young children. This research specifically focuses on RSV infections in Saudi Arabian infants, highlighting the need to understand its prevalence and risk factors in this demographic. The objectives are to identify the level of awareness about RSV amongst parents and caregivers in Saudi Arabia, to determine the association of neonatal risk factors with RSV infections and to assess the impact of exclusive breastfeeding and exposure to tobacco smoke.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study design was employed to investigate RSV infections amongst Saudi Arabian infants aged 0–12 months. The study included a sample of 2044 participants, recruited from hospitals, healthcare centres, and communities across Saudi Arabia. Data collection involved structured questionnaires, medical record reviews and nasopharyngeal swabs to confirm RSV infection status. The study variables included demographic data, clinical history and environmental exposure factors.

Results:

The study found that a significant majority (80.1%) of participants were not aware of RSV. Only 11.0% were aware of preventive measures against RSV infections. In terms of neonatal risk factors, premature birth, low birth weight and neonatal intensive care unit stays were significantly associated with increased susceptibility to RSV infections. Exclusive breastfeeding emerged as a protective factor, while exposure to tobacco smoke was identified as a significant risk factor. The prevalence of RSV infections in the studied population was 19.9%.

Conclusion:

The study concludes that there is a critical lack of awareness about RSV amongst parents and caregivers in Saudi Arabia. The findings emphasise the importance of neonatal risk factors in the susceptibility to RSV infections. The protective role of exclusive breastfeeding and the harmful impact of tobacco smoke exposure are highlighted, suggesting the need for public health interventions. These include educational campaigns to raise awareness and the implementation of preventive measures to mitigate RSV risk factors. The study underscores the necessity of further research to explore additional risk factors and the long-term impacts of RSV infections on infant health.
Menstrual Irregularities and Mental Health: A Cross-sectional Exploration among Saudi Arabian Women
Authors: Alkathem Jafar Ali , Alanazi Reema Abdulrahman , Mustafa Sara Adel , Bahakeem Reem Faisal , Baroom Khulood Khaled , Alharbi Ruba Ibrahim , Almubark Hawraa Abdalmunem , Ahmed Rufaida Alhafiz Alsayed M.
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

The menstrual cycle is an integral facet of women’s reproductive health, with irregularities presenting both physical and emotional challenges. Irregularities encompass symptoms such as abnormal bleeding patterns, prolonged periods and irregular cycles. However, the implications of these irregularities extend beyond physical discomfort, potentially impacting emotional and mental well-being. Specifically, in the context of Saudi Arabia, there exists a noticeable gap in comprehensive research investigating the association between menstrual irregularities and mental health outcomes. This study seeks to bridge this gap, aiming to explore the prevalence of menstrual irregularities among Saudi Arabian women and to closely examine their relationship with mental health outcomes, especially concerning psychological distress, anxiety and depression.

Methods:

For this investigation, a cross-sectional study design was chosen as the most apt. The target population consisted of Saudi Arabian women, specifically those aged between 18 and 45 years. These participants were meticulously recruited to participate and were tasked with completing self-report questionnaires. These questionnaires were intricately designed to extract detailed information regarding their menstrual irregularities, their mental health outcomes, the impact of these irregularities on their daily functioning and their patterns of healthcare utilisation.

Results:

On initial analysis of the collected data, a prominent correlation emerged between menstrual irregularities and heightened levels of psychological distress among the participating women. In addition, while the study was laden with a myriad of details, what stood out the most was how these menstrual irregularities deeply impacted the daily lives of the participants. A significant number of participants reported substantial disruptions in their social relationships and a noticeable decline in their overall quality of life due to these irregularities.

Conclusion:

This research ventured into the intricate landscape of the relationship between menstrual irregularities and mental health among Saudi Arabian women. The outcomes of the study have significant implications. They underscore the paramount importance of understanding menstrual health as a fundamental pillar of a woman’s overall well-being. With the findings revealing a close linkage between menstrual irregularities and heightened psychological distress, the study highlights an urgent and unmet need for devising targeted interventions and support systems tailored specifically for this demographic. The insights drawn from this research are poised to act as a guide, aiding healthcare providers and policymakers in making more informed and empathetic decisions.
Sparse joint representation for massive MIMO satellite uplink and downlink based on dictionary learning
Authors: Guan Qing‐Yang , Wu Shuang , Miao Zhuang
Published: January 2025

We address the challenge of jointly representing uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) channels for a massive multiple‐input multiple‐output satellite system. We employ dictionary learning for sparse representation with the goal of minimizing the number of UL/DL pilots and improving accuracy. Additionally, by considering the angular reciprocity, a common dictionary support can be established to enhance the performance. However, what type of dictionary model is suited for UL/DL channel representation remains an unknown field. Previous research has utilized predefined dictionaries, such as DFT or ODFT bases, which are unable to adapt to dynamic scenarios. Training dictionaries have demonstrated the potential to significantly improve accuracy; however, a lack of analysis regarding dictionary constraints exists. To address this issue, we analyze the conditional constraints of the dictionary for joint UL/DL channel representation, aiming to quantify the maximum boundary while proposing a constrained dictionary learning algorithm with singular value decomposition to obtain an effective representation and conduct an adaptability analysis in dynamic satellite communication scenarios.
Fault Detection of Diesel Engines Using Artificial Neural
Network
Authors: Pająk Michał , Kluczyk Marcin , Muślewski Łukasz , Lisjak Dragutin
Published: January 2025

This study presents a method for identifying the reliability state of diesel
engines by utilizing artificial neural networks (ANNs). The Sulzer 6AL20/24
marine diesel engine was selected as the test subject for this research.
Vibration signals were collected during tests conducted on a laboratory test
stand under normal operating conditions and during simulations of six different
engine faults. Next, the recorded signals were analyzed and transformed into
labeled samples for supervised learning. In this phase, the time histories of
the vibration signals were divided into segments and augmented, with several key
features calculated for each segment. Highly correlated signals were excluded
from further analysis based on the Pearson correlation coefficient. The
processed samples were then used to train and fine-tune the ANN. The trained ANN
was subsequently used to identify the engine’s reliability state and classify
the present fault type. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method,
the results obtained from the ANN were compared with those from technical state
space identification and other machine learning classifiers. Finally, the ANN
was tested on the reliability state of the engine in scenarios where the
simulated fault was not present in the training dataset. A detailed discussion
and analysis of the proposed identification method’s performance are presented
in this article’s concluding sections.
Analyses of Cold Thermal Energy Storage Systems Using Eutectic
Mixtures of Inorganic Hydrated Salts as Phase Change Materials
Authors: Vasanthkumar P. , Santhoshkumar A. , Gopika P. , Murali M. , Meera C.
Published: January 2025

Cold thermal energy storage using phase changing materials is being researched to
find freezing and thawing points. The use of inorganic hydrated salts, a type of
phase changing material (PCM) used in cold energy storage systems without the
use of existing renewable energy systems, allows for a longer cooling effect and
saves energy. A high volumetric storage density and relatively high thermal
conductivity make hydrated salts suitable materials for thermal energy storage.
They can be used only as inorganic mixtures or else they can also be used as
eutectic mixtures, which involve mixtures of inorganic–inorganic salts or simply
a combination of two or more inorganic salts. This research deals with eutectic
mixtures, which are 4% KNO3 + 96% H2O, 4%
NaHCO3 + 96% H2O, and 2% KNO3 + 2%
NaHCO3 + 96% H2O. Three different novel eutectic
mixtures were examined and found a suitable mixture for a cold thermal energy
system. An efficient phase change approach involving 2% KNO3 + 2%
NaHCO3 + 96% H2O may result in stable phase change
behavior and moderate temperature change, increasing versatility.
Performance Analysis of Graphene-Coated Heat Pipe Heat Exchangers for
Automobile Exhaust Cooling and Purification
Authors: Karthigairajan M. , Seeniappan Kaliappan , Balaji N. , Natrayan L. , Sheik Salman Basha , Ravi D.
Published: January 2025

This research investigates the development of a heat pipe heat exchanger coated
with graphene for cooling and purification of automobile exhausts. The heat
exchanger directly affects the performance of the engine because proper heat
dissipation and transfer can improve engine performance, reduce fuel
consumption, and decrease the emission. Moreover, this effect is much more
noticeable on coated heat pipes because of the enhanced thermal conductivity and
mechanical properties of the graphene films. A heat null emitted by internal
combustion engines was used in the experimental setup to test the thermal
performance, cooling efficiency, and purification efficiency of the newly
designed in-house exhaust simulation system where the new heat pipes were
inserted. The results of the experiment show that the heat pipes have very high
thermal performance as the efficiency of the heat pipes was calculated to be
around 85%. Furthermore, the temperature decrease over the surfaces of the heat
exchanger was measured at 350°C, which means 70% of the exhaust gas temperature
was cooled. The purification efficiency of the heat pipes was approximately 70%
for nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbons, all
which are harmful pollutants produced by internal combustion engines. Since
these substances were reduced by about 70%, the results and the use of the
graphene coats demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of such a heat pipe
for emission reduction. Consequently, a graphene-coated heat pipe heat exchanger
is recognized as a highly effective device for enhancing engine performance,
reducing fuel consumption, and promoting more efficient transportation with
lower emissions.
Nickel Alloy, Brazing Filler Metal 92Ni - 4.5Si - 3.1B 1800 to 1900 °F Solidus-Liquidus Range
Authors:   AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Published: January 2025

This specification covers a nickel alloy in the form of wire, rod, strip, foil, tape, and powder and a viscous mixture (paste) of the powder in a suitable binder.
AI in Academic Writing: Assessing the Effectiveness, Grading Consistency, and Student Perspectives of ChatGPT and You.com for EFL Students
Authors: Ozdere Mustafa
Published: January 2025

This study evaluates the impact of AI-generated feedback and targeted training sessions on the writing skills of 16 B1-B2 level students majoring in English Language and Literature (ELL) or English Language Teaching (ELT) at Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, School of Foreign Languages, during the 2023-2024 spring term. Using a mixed-methods approach, the research assessed students' writing across four paragraph types—opinion, cause/effect, reason/result, and advantage/disadvantage—employing a rubric that rates Grammar and Mechanics, Sentence Structure, Cohesion and Coherence, Argumentation/Content Development, Vocabulary Usage, and Task Achievement out of 30. Both ChatGPT and You.com were used to grade the initial and revised drafts of students' paragraphs. Following the first draft feedback, students participated in targeted training sessions aimed at addressing identified weaknesses. Quantitative analysis of draft scores, supported by paired t-tests, independent t-tests, and ANOVA, revealed significant improvements in writing performance from the first to the final drafts, with You.com generally providing higher final draft scores compared to ChatGPT. Correlation analysis affirmed the reliability of both AI models. Qualitative insights, obtained from a focus group interview, highlighted the perceived effectiveness of the AI feedback and training sessions. The study underscores the potential of AI-generated feedback as a valuable educational tool, offering timely, individualized support that enhances writing skills, with supplementary training sessions further boosting the efficacy of AI feedback. This research contributes to understanding the role of AI in enhancing writing instruction and feedback within English as a Foreign Language (EFL) education, aiming to inform pedagogical practices and integrate AI tools effectively in writing classrooms.
Impact of Video Game Use on Fostering Creativity in Waldorf School Students
Authors: Vázquez-Martín Carlos , Ramírez-Hurtado José M. , Vázquez-Cano Esteban
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the impact of video game usage on the creativity of students attending Waldorf schools. The research aims to: (1) analyze daily time spent on video games and its influence on creativity levels, (2) explore the effect of devices used for gaming, (3) identify the most popular game genres among students, and (4) assess the influence of other activities on creativity. A sample of 146 Waldorf students was analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple correspondence analysis (MCA). Results show that most students play video games for 0–2 hours daily, with a notable gender difference—girls are less likely to play. No significant correlation was found between gender and time spent gaming (Spearman's coefficient = 0.065, p-value = 0.435). Furthermore, students with lower creativity scores often played puzzle games and used tablets, while those with higher creativity scores favored shooting and fantasy role-playing games, using consoles or computers. MCA revealed that higher creativity students frequently engage in musical and artistic activities, while lower creativity students rarely participate in physical exercise. These findings suggest nuanced relationships between gaming habits, device usage, and extracurricular activities in shaping creativity among Waldorf students.
New Frontier in Mathematics Education: A Review of Emerging Trends and Critical Issues on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Luzano Jay Fie Paler
Published: January 2025

Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) technologies into various educational domains has garnered significant attention. Among these technologies, ChatGPT stands out as a powerful tool that holds the potential to revolutionize the landscape of mathematics education. This study aims to explore the emerging trends and critical issues surrounding the utilization of ChatGPT in mathematics education. This study utilized a systematic literature review method to synthesize existing literature concerning the emerging trends and critical issues regarding the utilization of ChatGPT in Mathematics Education. Findings revealed three (3) emerging trends, such as (1) Personalized Learning Experiences; (2) Integration with Virtual Learning Environments; and (3) Enhanced Collaborative Learning. Then, another three (3) themes for critical issues; namely: (1) Algorithmic Bias and Accuracy; (2) Privacy and Data Security; and (3 Ethical Use and Accountability. It is recommended that educators, policymakers, and technology developers collaborate to address the critical issues identified while harnessing the potential of ChatGPT to enhance mathematics instruction. Embracing emerging trends while mitigating critical issues will pave the way for the effective integration of ChatGPT in Mathematics Education, ultimately fostering enriched learning experiences and empowering students to thrive in mathematical learning environments.
Experimental Perspective on Artificial Intelligence Anxiety
Authors: Agca Ridvan Kagan , Korkmaz Ozgen
Published: January 2025

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of training on the integration of artificial intelligence into education given to pre-service teachers on their concerns about artificial intelligence and their views on the integration of artificial intelligence into education. In this study, sequential explanatory design, one of the mixed research designs, was preferred. In the quantitative part of the research, single group quasi-experimental research design was used. In the qualitative part of the study, a basic qualitative research design was used. In the experimental process, a four-week artificial intelligence training program was administered to pre-service teachers for three hours a week. The study group consisted of 195 pre-service teachers. Data were collected using the artificial intelligence anxiety scale and a semi-structured interview form. The data obtained were analyzed using t, MANCOVA, and content analysis methods, and the following results were obtained: The training on the integration of artificial intelligence into education decreased pre-service teachers’ anxiety in the learning dimension but increased their anxiety in other dimensions. The main sources of anxiety are inequality, ethics, privacy, and reliability, professional and social anxiety, unpredictable decisions and loss of control, technology use and adaptation difficulties, artificial intelligence addiction, and decreased creativity.
Multifactor Network Analysis: Exploring the Cross-Educational Impacts on the Effectiveness of Gamification in English Teaching
Authors: Helvich Jakub , Novak Lukas , Hubalovsky Stepan , Juklova Katerina
Published: January 2025

In the landscape of modern English education, gamification stands as one of the central transformative mediums. Despite existing findings, there is still a scarcity of research on gamified English teaching regarding the impacts of school support and personal factors. Current studies predominantly assessed the effectiveness of gamification through total scores, limiting insights into how teachers' perceptions at different levels of education are influenced. The objective was to examine how teacher-related factors and school support cross-educationally impact English teachers’ satisfaction and their perceptions of gamification. A nationwide sample of 615 English teachers was used to conduct a series of network analyses to examine the effect strength of individual factors on the total score and item-level network relations. The estimated networks were then compared to discern any differences in effect strength across different educational levels. The analyses found no relation between gamification language learning outcomes and grade point averages, even after accounting for other factors. The results revealed moderate differences between levels of education concerning how frequency of use influences the teachers’ perceptions of gamification and significant differences when controlling for teachers’ age and teaching practice. However, no significant impact of school support was observed in both lower secondary and secondary education.
Unveiling AI Perceptions: How Student Attitudes Towards AI Shape AI Awareness, Usage, and Conceptions
Authors: Otermans Pauldy C.J. , Roberts Charlotte , Baines Stephanie
Published: January 2025

This study examines the relationship between students’ attitudes toward artificial intelligence (AI) and both AI competence and conceptions. 176 UK university students completed a survey where they were asked to rate statements in relation to their attitudes towards AI, their AI competence and their conceptions about AI using 5-point Likert-type scales. In relation to AI competence, results indicate that affective attitudes predicted awareness and usage, leading to information avoidance and disengagement. Cognitive attitudes positively predicted AI awareness and usage. Behavioural attitudes, however, did not predict awareness or usage, suggesting that individuals may engage with AI technology without deeper understanding. For AI conceptions, behavioural attitudes were more closely linked to conceptions of AI in educational contexts. Positive behavioural attitudes predicted students’ conceptions of AI’s role in intelligent tutoring systems, retentions, drop-out reduction, recommendation systems, and personalised learning. In contrast, affective attitudes predicted conceptions of AI’s use in classroom monitoring and performance prediction, while cognitive attitudes had little influence. These are areas educators can focus on when designing teaching & assessment strategies in relation to AI.
The impact of a mental health-focused ethics lecture on pharmacy students’ perceptions of patients with mental illness: An observational study
Authors: White Samara , Demler Tammie Lee , O’Donnell Carolyn , Lee Claudia
Published: January 2025

Background: Societal perspectives that involve negative ideation and stereotyping behaviours from health care providers, even those still in training, toward individuals diagnosed with serious mental illness can reduce the likelihood of successful outcomes.   
Objective: To examine the impact of didactic, lecture-based, educational interventions on reducing the stigma of mental illness among pharmacy students.      
Methods: A survey was distributed pre- and post-lecture to all third-year pharmacy students who attended an “Ethics of Mental Health” lecture in 2021 and 2022. Data were collected and analysed using T-tests. Statistical significance was determined with an alpha of 0.05.
Results: Higher affirmative post-survey responses were observed in 2022 (average 15.46%) and 2021 (average 9.5%). Respondents approved all controversial ethical rights except voting which was the only survey question with less positive responses-1.23% was allowed the right to vote. Respondents supported the rights to refuse medications and COVID-19 vaccinations, to engage in sexual relationships, to be given erectile dysfunction medications while hospitalised, and for gun ownership post-hospitalisation.
Conclusion: Simple didactic dialogue about controversial topics, like those leading to potential discrimination, can be a productive avenue to ensure the development of non-biased clinicians.
Unveiling pharmacy students' attitudes, preparedness and barriers in embracing pharmaceutical care: Insights from a UAE healthcare institution
Authors: Wong Pei Nee , Wong Pei Se , Al-Zoobaee Farah Wasim Aribi
Published: January 2025

Background: Pharmaceutical care (PC) has long been integrated into pharmacy education globally, yet its application in developing nations presents a varied landscape. This study aims to evaluate the attitudes, perceptions, preparedness, and challenges pharmacy students face concerning providing PC.
Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among Fatima College of Health Sciences (FCHS) fourth—and final-year pharmacy students. Descriptive and inferential data analyses were performed using SPSS version 29.
Results: Responses were received from 41 students (response rate 73%). Most students (78%) agreed that PC is valuable. Communication skills are reported to be the most prepared competency area. The most common barriers to PC provision included a lack of workplace for counselling in the pharmacy (46.4%), a poor image of the pharmacist’s role in society (46.4%), and time constraints (41.4%).
Conclusion: The findings revealed that pharmacy students had a positive attitude towards PC and a range of preparedness across competencies. To better prepare future pharmacists to provide effective PC services, it is essential to provide more active learning experiences to equip students with the skills and confidence to excel as future clinical care providers.
Pengaruh Anti-Depresan dari Formulasi Sediaan Inhalasi Ekstrak Daun Bandotan (Ageratum Conyzoides L.) pada Model Hewan Depresi
Authors: Jaya Muhammad Alim , Gayatri Sri Wahyuni , Wijaya Muhammad Fajrin , Pratama Melanie Ajeng , Nurhikma Nurhikma
Published: January 2025

Depresi merupakan gangguan suasana hati paling banyak di masyarakat, yang ditandai dengan  perasaan sedih yang menetap. Antidepresan merupakan farmakologi utama dalam penanganan gangguan depresi. Namun, antidepresan memiliki kerja yang cukup lama dan efek samping yang besar. Sehingga diperlukan alternatif obat dengan efek samping yang kurang dan lebih efektif. Ageratum conyzoides L. merupakan tanaman herbal yang memiliki aktivitas farmakologi. Selain itu, belum ada pemberian obat secara inhalasi pada pasien depresi. Padahal, sediaan inhalasi dapat membantu penggunaan obat menjadi mudah dan praktis. Untuk menginvestigasi pengaruh sediaan inhalasi dari Ageratum conyzoides L. dalam memperbaiki gejala depresi pada mus musculus. Mus musculus dibagi secara acak dalam 6 kelompok (n=4), yaitu: 1) kontrol normal; 2) kontrol negatif: pemberian chronic mild stress (CMS); 3) Kontrol positif: pemberian CMS + fluoxetine 0,05 mg/kgBB; 4) Perlakuan 1: pemberian CMS + ekstrak Ageratum conyzoides L. (150 mg/kgBB); 5) Perlakuan 2: pemberian CMS + ekstrak Ageratum conyzoides L. (250 mg/kgBB); 6) Perlakuan 3: pemberian CMS + ekstrak Ageratum conyzoides L. (350 mg/kgBB) selama 14 hari. Selanjutnya, Forced Swimming Test dilakukan untuk menilai pengaruh Ageratum conyzoides L. dalam memperbaiki gejala mirip depresi pada mus musculus. Tidak ditemukan perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok kontrol positif dengan perlakuan 1, 2, dan 3. Dan, kelompok perlakuan 2 memiliki kecenderungan lebih baik dibandingkan kelompok perlakuan lainnya dalam memperbaiki gejala mirip depresi. Ini menunjukkan kemungkinan potensi efek antidepresan dari ekstrak ini yang serupa dengan fluoxetine. Ageratum conyzoides L. memperbaiki gejala mirip depresi pada mus musculus dan mungkin memiliki mekanisme kerja yang mirip dengan fluoxetine.
Dilematika Pelayanan Pastoral Antara Kristus, Keluarga, dan Jemaat
Authors: Banarto Kris , Siringoringo Maruhal
Published: January 2025

Akhir-akhir ini kita mendengar kabar mengenai sebagian pendeta atau gembala yang berperilaku kurang baik, mulai dari melakukan perzinahan, perceraian, dan anak-anaknya yang berperilaku buruk. Sementara pendeta tersebut adalah pendeta yang cukup populer dan memimpin begitu banyak jemaat. Khotbah-khotbahnya dapat menginspirasi banyak orang, tetapi ironisnya dia tidak memiliki keluarga yang harmonis. Kesibukan berkhotbah, padatnya pelayanan, dan ibadah menjadikan pendeta kurang dalam membangun persekutuan dengan Tuhan. Selain itu waktu untuk berkumpul dengan keluarga menjadi terbatas. Pendampingan, pendidikan, pengasuhan kepada anak-anaknya menjadi terabaikan. Masalah-masalah ini dapat terjadi karena tidak adanya prioritas dalam pelayanan. Tujuan penelitian ini hendak mengungkap apa saja prioritas yang perlu dilakukan dalam pelayanan pastoral. Persekutuan dengan Kristus menjadi prioritas pertama dan utama yang perlu dilakukan pendeta, kemudian keluarga menjadi pelayanan yang kedua, dilanjutkan pelayanan kepada jemaat sebagai prioritas ketiga, dan interaksi dengan masyarakat menjadi prioritas terakhir.
Pengaruh Konsumsi terhadap Inflasi di Indonesia
Authors: Silaban Daniel Ebenezer
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze more deeply about the government's alignment with Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) as an effort to recover the economy in the city of Medan as a result of the Covid-19 Pandemic. This study aims to see the extent of the development of MSMEs in Medan City during the Covid-19 pandemic, then analyze the policies implemented by the government and find solutions for the development of MSMEs during the pandemic. The method used in this research is qualitative research which is used to fully understand the reality of the government's alignment with Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) as an effort to recover the economy of Medan City during the Covid-19 Pandemic. The results of the study show that the government's alignment with MSMEs during the pandemic can be seen from the policies taken both in the short and long term. The short-term policy is financial assistance in the form of soft loans or direct cash assistance. While the long-term strategy is focused on the introduction and use of digital technology for MSMEs as well as preparation for entering the Industry 4.0 era.
Pertahanan dan Keamanan Berlandaskan Prinsip Pancasila Bagi Generasi Produktif Menuju Indonesia Emas 2045
Authors: Arbani Muhammad
Published: January 2025

The vision of "Golden Indonesia 2045" targets Indonesia as a developed country based on Pancasila values to create solid national stability. The productive generation holds a strategic role as a pioneer in defending state sovereignty through strengthening the ideological values and character of the nation. This research identifies the application of Pancasila values in the defense and security sector as an important step to face global challenges, such as the threat of radicalism, disinformation, and cyberattacks. With a multidisciplinary approach involving education, government policies, technology, and community support, strengthening national resilience can be realized in a sustainable manner. This article also reviews the challenges of implementing Pancasila in the era of globalization and strategies to increase the role of the productive generation towards a Golden Indonesia 2045.
Pengaruh Integritas dan Kapabilitas Kerja terhadap Kinerja Pegawai melalui Profesionalisme
Authors: Siahaan Aloysius Lambok
Published: January 2025

This research aimed to determine the effect of work integrity and work capability on employee performance through professionalism at Prime Customs and Excise office Type A Tanjung Priok (KPUBC Type A Tanjung Priok). This research was a quantitative method with an explanatory research approach. The instrument used in this research was questionnaire arranged on a five-point Likert scale. 293 respondents who are active employees at Prime Customs and Excise office Type A Tanjung Priok (KPUBC Type A Tanjung Priok) were taken as the sample. The data were analyzed using  SEM-PLS method with SmartPLS software version 3.2.29. The results of the research using the SEM-PLS method showed that integrity had a positive and significant effect on employee professionalism and employee performance. Work capability had a positive and significant effect on employee professionalism and employee performance. Professionalism had a positive and significant effect on employee performance, and partially mediated the integrity and employee performance, and partially mediated work capability and employee performance.
Implementasi Metode Waterfall dalam Pengembangan Aplikasi Toko Online Bebasis Web di Cv Aishastore.Id
Authors: Wibowo Rais Akbar , Indrayana Didik , Asriyanik Asriyanik
Published: January 2025

This study aims to design and develop a web-based online store application for CV AishaStore.id, a small and medium enterprise specializing in selling herbal products. The application is designed using the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) with the Waterfall model, which includes phases such as requirements analysis, system design, application development, testing, and maintenance. Utilizing programming languages such as PHP, JavaScript, and CSS, along with MySQL as the database, the application offers key features including stock management, product catalog, transaction system, and user account management. Testing was conducted using the Black Box Testing method to ensure all features function according to user needs. The results of the study indicate that the application successfully improves operational efficiency by automating stock management, simplifying transaction recording, and providing a responsive and user-friendly shopping experience. Additionally, the application expands market reach and supports better decision-making through a structured system. This study is expected to serve as an effective solution for SMEs in addressing digital challenges, with further development potential such as integration with mobile platforms, advanced analytics features, and enhanced data security to broaden functionality and user convenience.
Cedera Kepala Berat dengan Multiple Open Fracture
Authors: Rizky Nadia , Kamal Ridwan , Avianti Astri
Published: January 2025

Head injuries are among the most common types of trauma encountered in emergency departments. Many patients with severe brain injuries die before reaching the hospital; data shows that nearly 90% of pre-hospital trauma-related deaths involve brain injuries. Among patients receiving medical care, approximately 75% experience mild brain injuries, 15% moderate, and 10% severe. About 10% of ED patients with head injuries suffer from severe head trauma. Patients with severe head injuries are unable to follow simple commands, even after cardiopulmonary stabilization. These patients are at the highest risk of significant morbidity and mortality.  This paper discusses the case of a 21-year-old male diagnosed with severe head injury accompanied by multiple open fractures. Based on the findings, the patient requires emergency management for severe trauma, including craniotomy and debridement. Comprehensive monitoring and evaluation will subsequently be conducted in the intensive care unit. Additionally, the patient and their family will be provided with education regarding the condition to help them understand the potential risks of recurrent injuries.
Tanggung Jawab Hukum dalam Pengawasan Tenaga Medis Tinjauan Kasus Dokter Gadungan Susanto
Authors: Hutagaol Roy Richardo
Published: January 2025

Identity fraud and document falsification in the healthcare sector pose significant threats to professional integrity and patient safety. This study examines the case of Susanto, an impostor doctor who practiced for three years at Primasatya Husada Citra (PHC) Hospital in Surabaya, and analyzes the legal framework overseeing such incidents. The research employs a normative juridical method with a qualitative approach to explore legal aspects, identify weaknesses in medical personnel supervision systems, and propose necessary policy recommendations. The findings reveal that the Surabaya District Court’s decision to impose a four-year prison sentence on the defendant under Article 378 of the Indonesian Penal Code represents a firm legal stance aimed at deterrence. Furthermore, the study highlights that insufficient oversight by medical committees is a key factor contributing to serious breaches within the healthcare system. Therefore, enhanced audit mechanisms and evaluations in medical personnel recruitment processes are urgently needed to prevent similar incidents in the future. This research is relevant to the development of policies and practices in Indonesia's healthcare sector, particularly in strengthening the oversight mechanisms for medical personnel recruitment.
Transposing of the Cognitive-Centered Space to Marginal in Mohsin Hamid’s The Last White Man
Authors: Lihui Liu , Ali Nawazish , Sikandar Hafiz Muhammad , Sarwar Azam
Published: January 2025

Cognition always mirrors human psychology; the more it is acknowledged, the more it highlights human behavior. The individual's ‘cognitive space’ in Western society is entangled and has broken away to worsen. People of color in the West are going through the stereotypical pandemonium of racially discriminatory remarks. The bewilderingly baffled racial incidents jeopardize the identity of the people of color. Each day in the West, people are curious about their survival. It seems all the circumstances after each turmoil incident threaten the foundations of humanity. The human cognitive space stance insists on acquiring, systematizing, utilizing, and revising the environmentally received knowledge, but this outer space-societal received knowledge imprints various psychosis. The paper hits the nail on the head that socioenvironmental factors directly challenge the embodied human mind. Evidence that overshadowed racial incidents aligned in the present commenced in the past. Then, the study gives various examples of postcolonial binaries to examine how the individual-centered space is marginal. The study provides multiple possible solutions and crucial rules to educate societies on geopolitical tolerance and individual freedom. In conclusion, the article critically highlights a white man who has witnessed misfortune after turning black one morning in Mohsin Hamid's The Last White Man.
Crime Of Theft With Violence Against Minors as Perpetrators
Authors: Siregar Nyesti , July Esther  , Lesson Sihotang
Published: January 2025

The research diacusses the Crime of Theft of Minors as Perpetrators with an example of decision no.36/Pid.Sus.Anak/2024/PN.Mdn. The case study approach is normative juridical law, studying, analyzing, by observing and understanding cases related to issues and legislative approaches related to legal issues in terms of legal principles, doctrines and jurisprudence. Author Data Creation Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Data Sources focus on literature research using qualitative analysis by observing data obtained by interconnecting with several literature in the form of scientific works, books, the internet, and legal journals related to problem analysis with conclusions in knowing the Application of Law and the Basis of Judges' Considerations in providing punishment as accountability for actions committed by children,  Children, in addition to having factors that encourage the occurrence of a criminal act, have a different position from adults in the justice system and need guidance and rehabilitation to prevent criminal behavior in the future and the basis for the judge's consideration provides a deterrent effect so that it does not happen again in the future against the Crime of Theft with Violence against Minors as the perpetrator.
Legal Analysis of the Handling of M-Bangking Electronic Evidence in Bribery Cases in the Digital Era
Authors: Sagala Sudarsono , Esther July , Sinaga Jusnizar
Published: January 2025

Evidence in cybercrime cases can be easily erased or eliminated, and there are challenges in detecting crimes that occur in the banking sector that utilizes computer technology. This difficulty arises due to the lack of adequate equipment, the lack of courage of some victims to report the incident to the authorities, as well as the relatively weak security system of the owner of the asset or system. In addition, the difficulty in tracking the whereabouts of the perpetrators is also a significant problem. This research aims to examine and analyze how electronic evidence derived from M-banking transactions can be used in the process of proving bribery cases, as well as the challenges faced in law enforcement in Indonesia. The research method used is a normative approach with qualitative analysis, which includes literature studies and analysis of relevant regulations, such as the Electronic Information and Transaction Act (UU ITE) and the Code of Criminal Procedure (KUHAP). In this research, it was found that although the ITE Law gives recognition to electronic documents as valid evidence, there are obstacles in its application in court. The Criminal Code has not expressly regulated the recognition of electronic documents, which causes confusion in legal practice. In addition, technical challenges and lack of understanding among law enforcement officers regarding how to handle electronic evidence are also obstacles in the proof process.