bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Long period seismic waves from large, near-surface nuclear explosions
Authors: Pomeroy Paul W.
Published: July 2021

Seismic surface waves were well-recorded from the larger explosions of the U.S. test series detonated in the Marshall Islands during the spring and summer of 1958 and of the U. S. S. R. test series detonated at the Novaya Zemlaya test site during October 1958. In addition to waves of the fundamental Rayleigh mode, some unusual or unexpected waves were identified. These include: 1.) Love waves with lengths as great as 90 km at Hong Kong from the U. S. S. R. explosions, 2.) Love waves at Agra, India, from the U. S. S. R. explosions, 3.) waves of the 1st shear mode at Agra and Uppsala, Sweden, from the U. S. S. R. explosions, and 4.) Love, 1st shear and PL waves at Guam from the U. S. explosions.

Group velocity data were derived for many paths and, for the U. S. series, these data are very accurate because they are based on exact knowledge of locations and origin times. For the U. S. S. R. explosions, revised locations and origin times based on a limited number of P-wave observations were used to determine group velocities. Using records from Hong Kong and Honolulu for two U. S. tests, one at Eniwetok and one at Bikini, oceanic phase velocities in the period range of 15 to 40 seconds were measured for the path between these islands. Using Brune's method for initial phase determination with a known phase velocity, an initial phase, φ0, lying between +3π2 and +π2 was determined for the U.S. explosion, Oak. According to Aki (1960), these values of initial phase are associated, respectively, with forcing functions of a downward impulse and an explosive impulse.

Seismic magnitudes of 4.7 and 4.8 were assigned to the U. S. Oak and Poplar events on the basis of the surface wave data, while magnitudes of the larger U. S. S. R. tests range from about 4.0 to 4.5. The ratio of seismic energy as computed from the surface wave magnitude to the total explosive energy available (yield) is apparently greater for the U. S. explosions, assuming equal yield for the two shots compared. This suggests a higher altitude of detonation for the Russian events. The Fourier amplitude spectra of the surface wave trains are generally single peaked where a significant portion of the path traversed is oceanic, but for Uppsala, where the path is short and continental, a second peak occurs at periods of about 10 to 13 seconds. The ratios of the predicted amplitudes, based on the data of one station and on a reasonable dissipation factor, to the actual recorded amplitudes vary with azimuth by as much as a factor of 5. These variations may be explained by asymmetry at the source but might also be explained by instrumental and geologic factors. Long period components of P and S and multiples thereof were sometimes recorded from these events.
Crustal structure of Pacific Ocean area from dispersion of Rayleigh waves
Authors: Santô Tetsuo A. , Båth Markus
Published: July 2021

The dispersion of Rayleigh waves along a great number of Pacific paths has been studied by means of records from Pasadena, California, U. S. A., and Huancayo, Peru. Combining these measurements with previous ones based on records at Tsukuba, Hongkong, Honolulu and Suva, it was found that the central part of the Pacific Ocean exhibits the most oceanic structure, with exception for the Hawaiian Islands. In the south-eastern Pacific Ocean an area could be delineated with a new type of dispersion characteristics, not found in any other part of the Pacific. This area agrees closely with the Easter Island Ridge system, and exhibits unusually thin crust and low upper-mantle velocities as well as exceptionally high heat flow.
On detecting soft layers in the mantle with Rayleigh waves
Authors: Harkrider D. G. , Hales A. L. , Press F.
Published: July 2021

The feasibility of an experiment to detect soft or molten zones in the mantle using Rayleigh wave phase velocities is examined. It is found that when the anomalous zone has large lateral extent the phase velocity curves are so affected as to make it easily detectable. A discussion of dispersion curves and displacement with depth is presented. A pseudo-flexural mode of oscillation is found to be possible for the layers above a molten zone.
Processing of seismic data from an automatic digital recorder
Authors: Phinney Robert A. , Smith Stewart W.
Published: July 2021

Data from a three-component, long-period seismometer system is recorded in digital form on magnetic tape by a device which has been described by Miller. Preliminary editing and processing is performed to select events of interest from the 24-hour tapes and place them on a library tape that is compatible with a computer. Emphasis is placed on location, correction, and flagging of errors that occur during the recording and editing process. Processing routines developed include: correction for seismometer response, orbital motion functions, energy computation, band pass filtering for mode separation, etc. The dynamic range of the system is 86 db and the response is adequate over the range .02 to 2.0 cps. For the purpose of detailed analysis, digital records from this system are superior to paper records from any of the existing seismographs in use at this laboratory. The main disadvantage of data in this form is the difficulty of inspecting signals by eye in order to make preliminary interpretations.
Pn velocity and other seismic studies from the data of recent southeast Missouri earthquakes
Authors: Stauder William , Bollinger Gilbert
Published: July 2021

Five earthquakes occurred in the southeastern Missouri seismic region during the first seven months of 1962. The largest of these took place on 2 February 1962, and was located near New Madrid. The felt area of this shock covered 35,000 square miles; the maximum intensity was Intensity V in the Modified Mercalli scale. The magnitude is estimated to have been 4 1/2 to 4¾.

Pn arrival times from thirty-five stations in the distance range 200 km to 1000 km fit a composite travel time curve for all five earthquakes given by

t = 5.56 ± 0.21 sec ⁡ + Δ / ( 8.23 ± 0.02 km / sec ) .

This contrasts with interval velocities of 8.3 km/sec to 8.5 km/sec obtained by Herrin and Taggart for this region from the Gnome data. Sn and P and S crustal velocities are also studied.

Pulse-like Rayleigh and Love waves were also recorded, each indicating a group velocity maximum at a period of about 6 seconds. The amplitudes of each of these wave types vary strongly, and in an inverse relation, with azimuth about the source. Group velocities correlate with the sedimentary and upper crustal structure along the path.
Model studies of effects of near-source velocity discontinuities on first-motion patterns
Authors: Lavin P. M. , Howell B. F.
Published: July 2021

Directions and amplitudes of first compressional and shear motions were measured in two-dimensional plastic models from a simulated explosion, a unidirectional-force, a single-couple and a double-couple source. Patterns for a uniform circular model are compared with those for the source located on a boundary, near a boundary, in a low-velocity zone, and near a high-velocity region.

In general, the patterns for the uniform models are consistent with theory except that weak S waves were noted from the simulated explosion. Reversals of the first motions of P due to the presence of velocity discontinuities were observed within 30° of the boundary running through the double-couple source.

Amplitude reduction in the high-velocity medium of the non-uniform models leads to the possibility of missing the first motions. Under these conditions, “first-motion” patterns may be undependable as a means of determining the source mechanism. Thus, a single couple, double couple, and radial force may produce a single-force distribution and the single force may give a single-couple pattern.
Precision determination of focal depths and epicenters of local shocks in California
Authors: Cisternas Armando
Published: July 2021

A program for the location of hypocenters of local shocks by means of an electronic digital computer is described. The P times are corrected for variations in crustal structure to get precision in the determination of depth. An estimate of the accuracy of the method is given for some particular cases. Application of the program to the Kern County series of aftershocks, provides a clearer picture of tectonic mechanism of the White Wolf fault. A future extension of the program to process and correct data automatically is also described.
The tsunami of 22 May 1960, in the Samoa and Cook Islands
Authors: Keys J. G.
Published: July 2021

The tsunami which reached islands of the Samoan group at approximately 2035 hours local time, 22 May 1960, was undoubtedly one of the largest that has been recorded in the group. Generated by a large earthquake off the coast of Chile (near 41 °S, 7312 °W) at 1911 hours Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), 22 May, the tsunami was responsible for widespread damage throughout the Pacific.

The tsunami which reached islands of the Samoan group at approximately 2035 hours local time, 22 May 1960, was undoubtedly one of the largest that has been recorded in the group. Generated by a large earthquake off the coast of Chile (near 41 °S, 7312 °W) at 1911 hours Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), 22 May, the tsunami was responsible for widespread damage throughout the Pacific.

The characteristics of the tsunami observed at Rarotonga in the Cook Islands are also described.
Effects of the earthquakes of May 1960 and geologic relations in Rio Negro
Authors: Thomas Herbert , Bowes William , Bravo S. Nelson , Moraga Aldo
Published: July 2021

Damage to the town of Rio Negro was extensive along a long thin ridge lying between Rio Forrahue and Rio Llay-Llay and on the adjacent banks. The damage was largely produced by mass movement, although the actual oscillatory ground movement may have been greater on the higher parts of the ridge. A possible north-south fault is indicated. The subsoil is glacio-fluvial sands and gravels. Recommendations for reconstruction are given.
Modifications to the soil pattern of South-Central Chile resulting from seismic and associated phenomenona during the period May to August 1960
Authors: Wright Charles , Mella Arnoldo
Published: July 2021

Genesis and evolution of soils in the earthquake region is discussed and then reviewed in the light of changes induced by the earthquakes. Those effects of the earthquake that could possibly influence soils are reported on in detail. These include many field observations on the mass movement, the tsunamis, flooding, changes in land elevation and regime of rivers, volcanic eruptions, etc. A catalogue of changes, including land lost to production completes the study.

(PStA)
Landslides at Lago Riñihue, Chile
Authors: Davis Stanley N. , Karzulovíc K. Juan
Published: July 2021

Strong earthquakes of 22 May 1960 produced three large landslides which blocked the outlet of Lago Riñihue, 65 kilometers east of the city of Valdivia, Chile. The lake level rose 26.5 meters before water began discharging through artificially constructed canals during the last week in June, 1960. The largest landslide involved about 30 million cubic meters of unconsolidated sediments, the intermediate landslide about 6 million cubic meters, and the smallest landslide about 2 million cubic meters.

The surface of rupture of the largest landslide is within an 80-meter sequence of Pleistocene lake clays. The clays are underlain by till and overlain by outwash sands and gravels. Movement of the landslide is interpreted as having been principally block gliding and lateral spreading. Secondary landslides within the larger landslide were produced by rotational slumping, debris falls, and earth flows.

Several ancient landslides exist in the vicinity of Lago Riñihue, the largest involving more than 100 million cubic meters of unconsolidated sediments. Many of the older landslides also were probably triggered by earthquakes.
A frequency-velocity-energy diagram for the study of dispersive surface waves
Authors: Iyer H. M.
Published: July 2021

abstract

A technique for displaying the dispersion effect of surface waves in terms of energy contours on a frequency-velocity diagram is described. Preliminary results from analysis of data from an earthquake in Chile as recorded in Sweden show that predominant Rayleigh phases occur at periods of 16 and 25 sec and the corresponding velocities are 2.9 and 3.5 km/sec respectively. A Love phase of period 40 sec and velocity 4.1 km/sec is also noticed. Spectral analysis and coherence studies confirm the formation of these phases. The results are preliminary and tend to illustrate the usefulness of the technique for analysis of surface waves from earthquakes.
The velocity of seismic waves near the earth's center
Authors: Bolt Bruce A.
Published: July 2021

abstract

A double velocity jump in the Earth's core entails a PKP travel-time curve with two lengthy branches extending back from 143°. The later branch is associated with the PKIKP phase. The earlier branch arises from waves, here designated PKHKP, which are refracted through the intermediate shell.

Theoretical travel-time curves for PKP and SKS in possible Earth models with tripartite cores are presented. It is shown that the PKHKP branch provides an explanation for precursors to PKIKP observed at epicentral distances between 123° and 140°. Observations of waves predicted by the portion of this branch from 148° to 156° have been also reported. The SKS curve is examined in the light of some 550 SKS observations in the range 85° < Δ < 145°.

The study provides evidence that there is in the core a discrete shell with thickness of order 420 kms and with a mean P velocity near 10.31 km/sec. This shell surrounds the inner core having mean radius 1220 kms and mean P velocity 11.22 km/sec, approximately. The material of the intermediate shell is not likely to have marked rigidity. The inner core is likely to be solid; published times for PKJKP waves may be, however, too small by several minutes.
Strong ground motions recorded during earthquakes of May the 11th and 19th, 1962 in Mexico City
Authors: Zeevaert Leonardo
Published: July 2021

abstract

The ground accelerations during the earthquakes of May 11 and 19, 1962 were recorded in Mexico City on a soft clay bed that was formerly the floor of an old lake. Records were obtained from two accelerometers, one instrument was located in the basement of a multistory building and the other was located in a nearby park. Response spectra of the ground motions are presented and analysis is made of the local soil conditions with the view to explaining the characteristics of the spectrums.
Radiation pattern of surface waves from point sources in a multi-layered medium
Authors: Haskell N. A.
Published: July 2021

abstract

A previous treatment of the radiation pattern of Rayleigh waves from single and double couple point sources of arbitrary orientation in a semi-infinite homogeneous medium is generalized to the case of a medium composed of an arbitrary number of parallel homogeneous layers by the use of layer matrices. Source coefficients are given for a single force, a force dipole without torque, a single couple, and a double couple without torque, all for arbitrary orientation vectors, and also for a spherically symmetrical compressional source. For the simplest case permitting the existence of Love waves, a single finite layer over a semi-infinite medium, expressions for the Love wave radiation pattern are given explicitly in a form comparable to that previously given for Rayleigh waves in the homogeneous case.
Real-time, high resolution spectroscopy of seismic background noise
Authors: Walker R. A. , Menard J. Z. , Bogert B. P.
Published: July 2021

The frequency-time-amplitude characteristics of seismic background noise at Chester, New Jersey have been studied for three years with high frequency resolution spectrum analyzers operating continuously in real time. Short-period (0.3 to 3.0 cps) and long-period (0.02 to 0.2 cps) bands have been analyzed simultaneously. In addition to the main microseism peak in the 6- to 8-second period region, secondary peaks are frequently observed at both longer and shorter periods. These usually persist for times on the order of days, often exhibit gradual shifts of center frequency, and show considerable variation in bandwidth; they are presumed to be of natural origin. In addition, several line components are found; these are believed to be of cultural origin, originating from a number of independent machines. Tape recordings from other U. S. seismic observatories have been analyzed, disclosing the presence of machinegenerated noise at several sites; notably, a strong spectral peak at 2 cps at the Wichita Mountains Seismological Observatory has been demonstrated to consist of a group of spectral lines.
Earthquake energy release and isostasy
Authors: Berg Joseph W. , Gaskell Robert , Rinehart Verrill
Published: July 2021

The relationship between isostatic anomalies and average annual earthquake energy released was investigated. Data were used for the United States, West Indies, East Indies, Japan, Africa, and India. The above areas were subdivided into smaller areas, 5° on the side, and the data for the smaller areas were used to determine a relationship between the variables. Because the data were considerably scattered, an averaging method was used for smoothing. Results of the research indicate that (1) a relationship exists between the average annual earthquake energy released from regions and the isostatic relief (or gradient) of the regions, and (2) the isostatic relief can be used as an index of the strain level of the crust and upper mantle.
An application of statistical discrimination to classify seismic events
Authors: Booker Aaron , Mitronovas Walter
Published: July 2021

A basic statistical method is presented for the classification of observations into one of two multivariate, normal populations. This theory is applied to the identification of seismic events by considering one of the “populations” to consist of measurements on seismic recordings of earthquakes, the other of explosions. The measurements, or parameters, consist of ratios of the “energies” contained within predetermined “velocity windows” on the seismograms. The choice of velocity windows is guided by the assumption that earthquake source mechanism is extended both in time and space and generates a larger fraction of energy in shear waves as compared to explosion source mechanism. The best separation of twenty earthquakes and twenty-seven explosions is achieved when only seven of the nine ratios calculated are used in the statistical discriminator. Based on this data we have about 85% probability of correctly classifying a given event either as an explosion or as an earthquake.
On a method to obtain a Green's function for a multi-layered half space
Authors: Herrera I.
Published: July 2021

In this paper the surface wave terms of the Green's function for a two-dimensional multilayered half space are obtained. The method used is new and remarkable by its simplicity. It is based on the integral representation theorems for elastodynamics. The orthogonality properties of surface waves are generalized to include not only Love waves but Rayleigh waves as well.
Pengaruh penggunaan media Webgis Inarisk terhadap kemampuan berpikir spasial siswa pada materi mitigasi dan adaptasi bencana
Authors: Febrianto Agus Dwi , Purwanto Purwanto , Irawan Listyo Yudha
Published: July 2021

Spatial thinking skills is needed in geography learning. Geography learning learns about the geosphere, which need to be studied from the perspective of spatial, environment, and regional complex. This is consistent with the concept of spatial thinking, which involves complex thinking processes from multiple perspectives to study various phenomena. This research aims to determine the effect and effectiveness of using webgis inarisk media towards spatial thinking skills. This research was conducted through a quantitative method with data analysis using T-Test (Independent Sample T-Test) and the effectiveness test using (N-Gain Score Test). The results showed the Sig. (2-tailed) value in the analysis of the Independent Sample T-Test was 0.001 or more than 0.05. The average score of spatial thinking ability also showed that the experiment group (XI IPS 2) has a score of 70.3 which is higher than the control group (XI IPS 1) that is 64.2. Based on this, it is concluded that the webgis inarisk as a learning media has an effect on students' spatial thinking abilities. The results of the N-Gain Score test showed that webgis inarsik media used in experiment group (XI IPS 2) has better effectiveness in the achievement of spatial thinking skills, which is 43.7 percent, compared to map media used in control group (XI IPS 1) with an effectiveness of 32.09 percent.
Antiatherogenic activity of silybin in Wistar rats: an experimental study
Authors: Senthil G. , P. Venkata Naveen Kumar , Raja T. A. R. , Reddy R. V. Rama Narayana
Published: July 2021

Background: Dyslipidemia is the major contributor to an increased risk of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, Atherosclerosis presently comprises one of the essential contributors to a global epidemic of cardiovascular disease and turn out to be the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Natural antioxidants have been shown to be effective in reducing lipid profiles and mitigate peroxidative modification of lipoproteins and atherosclerosis. The aim of the study was to explore the antiatherogenic effect of silybin through its antioxidant mechanism in Wister rats fed on hypercholesterolemic diet.Methods: Male Wistar rats of 150-200 g were used for this study. Hypercholesterolemia in rats was induced by administration of high cholesterol diet. The Wister rats were divided into four groups, each with eight rats. After 60 days blood samples were drawn by retro-orbital puncture for biochemical analysis. The animals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and liver and aorta were dissected out and processed for histopathological study and biochemical analyses.Results: In the histopathological study high cholesterol fed Wister rats showed fatty degeneration of hepatocytes with leucocytic infiltration of sinusoids. The level of TBARS was significantly increased in high cholesterol diet fed rats (p<0.05). Silybin at both doses [300 mg/kg (1593.00±81.08) and 600 mg/kg (1596.00±28.81)] reduced the plasma TBARS significantly (p<0.05). The antioxidant enzyme levels were also reduced significantly in high cholesterol diet fed rats (p<0.05).Conclusions: The study suggests a conclusive evidence of silybin has antiatherogenic action. Its safety profile, availability and low cost are an added advantage to the presently available pharmacological therapy. Hence, silybin can be considered in conjunction with other available dyslipidemic medication in the market.
The acute effect of resistance exercise on serum growth hormone and blood glucose in healthy non-obese adolescent subject
Authors: Madavi Hemant , Srivastava Chitra , Kanawjia Preeti , Saxena Jalaj
Published: July 2021

Background: The growth hormone (GH) response to resistance training is altered by many factors including sex steroid concentrations, fitness, intensity of exercise, age, gender, duration of exercise and glycemic state but the exact understanding of the interplay of different exercises to GH levels and its induced physiological adaptations is still obscure. This study aimed to see how resistance exercise affects GH levels and its correlation to plasma glucose levels in healthy non-obese adolescent subjects.Methods: 48 healthy non-obese adolescent subjects, 24 males and 24 females were included in the study. High volume exercise training regimen was used which involved major muscle group of arms, legs and trunk. Pre and post exercise levels of serum GH and random blood sugar were estimated in male and female groups.Results: The mean body mass index (BMI) of male and female groups was 23.22±3.12 kg/m2 and 20.40±4.49 kg/m2, respectively. The post-exercise serum GH levels in male and females increased significantly by 0.54±1.041 ng/ml (p<0.05) and 0.85±1.023 ng/ml (p<0.001) respectively. The random blood sugar levels in males after exercise significantly increased (p<0.05) by 7.16±12.61 mg/dl and in females by 6.20±12.09 mg/dl (p<0.05). There was significant correlation (p<0.05) between increase in serum GH levels and increase in random blood sugar levels in both male and female group.Conclusions: Exercise induced increase in GH and its interplay with serum glucose can be better gained access into via metanalytical/elaborate studies of the major hormones and fuels involved.
Study of red cell distribution width levels and its correlation with severity of disease in patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Ramappa Shashidhar , G. Aishhwarrya Umeshchandra , V. Sheshan , . Manigandan
Published: July 2021

Background:COPD has been accepted as component of systemic inflammatory syndrome. Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a measure of coefficient of variation of mean corpuscular volume which increases in chronic systemic inflammation. The aim of the study was to evaluate the RDW as a predictor of severity of COPD using BODE index.Methods:In this cross-sectional study 107 COPD patients were evaluated by measuring RDW and this was correlated with the severity of disease using GOLD staging.Results:RDW correlates well with COPD patients. Significant correlation of RDW with BODE index (r=0.650, p and It; 0.001), gold staging (r=0.459, p and It; 0.001), 6MWT (r=0.697, p and It; 0.001) were observed.Conclusions: RDW was found to increase in patients with increasing severity of COPD. Hence its potential role as a marker of severity of disease and in predicting risk of cardiovascular disease can be explored.
Endoscopic septoplasty without nasal packing: our technique and outcomes
Authors: Sunitha Narayana , Lohith Shivappa
Published: July 2021

Background: Septoplasty is one of the common procedures performed in otorhinolaryngology practice for treatment of nasal obstruction caused by deviated nasal septum. Septoplasty is traditionally performed using a headlight and nasal speculum. However Endoscopic technique using rigid endoscopes has gained widespread popularity in recent years. Traditionally after correction of septal deviation the mucosal flaps are opposed and held together by some kind of nasal packing to prevent bleeding and septal hematoma. But the nasal pack causes significant morbidity in the post-operative period and also bleeding and pain while pack removal. In the present study we describe our technique of endoscopic septoplasty without nasal packing, in terms of patient comfort and complications.

Methods: It was a descriptive study, conducted at Subbaiah institute of medical sciences, Shimoga from January 2017 to December 2020 on 50 subjects and the results were analyzed.

Results: All 50 patients included in the study had reduced NOSE scores on the 2nd post-operative day itself. None of the patients had septal hematoma, reduced oxygen saturation or post-op sinusitis. 3 out of 50 patients had minimal bleeding in the post-operative period. 12 out of 50 patients had crusting post operatively on 2nd day but none had at 2 weeks. One patient had synechiae and one patient had residual septal deviation.

Conclusions: Endoscopic septoplasty is preferred over conventional septoplasty. Trans septal quilting sutures has less complication rate, good quality of life and can be practiced easily and hence a valid alternative to intranasal packing following septal surgery.
Myringoplasty in wet and dry ears: an observational study in a tertiary care center
Authors: Rao S. Umamaheswara , Reddy K. Samatha , Pakanati Siva Subba Rao , Chandramouli S.
Published: July 2021

Background: Chronic otitis media is the most common cause of hearing impairment in the developing countries with serious effects. The aim of the study was to compare the outcome of myringoplasty in dry and wet ears in tubo-tympanic type of chronic otitis media (COM) with respect to graft uptake and hearing improvement.

Methods: This is an observational study done in the department of ENT, Mamata medical college, Khammam, during the study period of September 2019 to February 2021 on 40 patients of tubo-tympanic type COM. On simple random basis selected patients underwent myringoplasty by underlay technique. All patients were evaluated during post-operative follow-up.

Results: In our study, majority of patients were in the age group of 26 to 45 years with slight female preponderance, with male to female ratio (0.73:1). In our study, the successful graft uptake was seen 90% in dry ears and 85% in wet ears, which seems to be not significant in difference. With respect to hearing improvement, post-operatively there was significant improvement in both the groups, when compared to pre-operative hearing. The maximum improvement in average hearing threshold after surgery, in dry ears with large perforation (12.66dB) and in wet ears with small central perforation (12.44dB) was almost equal.

Conclusions: In this study, the success rate of graft uptake and hearing improvement is found almost equal in dry and wet ears by using underlay technique of myringoplasty. 
Management of severe maxillary discrepancy in unilateral cleft lip and palate: six year follow up in a patient with tongue graft
Authors: Thapa Amrit , Sahoo Nanda Kishore , Jayan Balakrishnan , Chopra Sukhbir Singh , Kumar Andrews Navin
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this original case study was to present the efficiency of combined orthodontic and distraction osteogenesis (DO) in severe maxillary hypoplasia along with importance of tongue graft for closure of large residual palatal defect. DO has been successfully chosen in lengthening and widening the maxilla transversely to relieve anterior dental crowding and transverse discrepancies between the dental arches. A UCLP (unilateral cleft lip and palate), 15 year old male with the chief complaint of esthetic and functional problems because of skeletal class III malocclusion with anterior crossbite and severe midline shift was taken up for this modality of treatment. Considering the severity of malocclusion, combined orthodontic and DO treatment was considered adequate which was likely less invasive and equally stable procedure. RED (rigid external distractor) was used for distraction after initial alignment followed by closure of residual large palatal defect with tongue graft. Result obtained was esthetically good with acceptable occlusion considering the severity with pleasing soft tissue profile. The review was done after six year which showed remarkable skeletal stability with no dehiscence of tongue graft in palate area. The combined use of DO and orthodontic correction in ULCP case had substantial skeletal stability, improving patient esthetic and self-esteem.
Effectiveness of virtual reality eyeglasses as a distraction technique in managing anxious paediatric patients undergoing dental treatment- A cross-sectional study
Authors: Devan Arya , Hegde K Sundeep , Bhat Sham S , Ballal Raksha , Rao H T Ajay
Published: July 2021

To evaluate the effect of virtual reality eyeglasses as a distraction technique in management of anxious paediatric patients undergoing dental treatment.

: It is an in-vivo study which was performed on 148 patients with 37 in each four different groups. Children’s dental anxiety was measured using Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) and Pulse oximeter which measures the pulse rate, oxygen saturation. After assessing the anxiety levels of the children, children who are found to be anxious were taken for the study.

includes children who have to undergo extraction without virtual reality eyeglasses.

includes children who have to undergo extraction with virtual reality eyeglasses.

includes children who have to undergo restoration without virtual reality eye glasses.

includes children who have to undergo restoration with virtual reality eye glasses. Children’s anxiety was again evaluated using the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) and Pulse oximeter during dental treatment. The results obtained were then compared.

The data was collected, tabulated, Descriptive statistics and paired t test was used for statistical analysis.

Group A: There were statistically significant changes in pulse rate, oxygen saturation (SPO) and modified anxiety scale (p<0.05). Group B: There were statistically significant changes in pulse rate and modified anxiety scale (p<0.05), but there were no statistically significant changes in the oxygen saturation (SPO)level (p>0.05). Group C: There were statistically significant changes in pulse rate and modified anxiety scale (p<0.05), but there were no statistically significant changes in the oxygen saturation (SPO) level (p>0.05). Group D: There were statistically significant changes in pulse rate and modified anxiety scale (p<0.05), but there were no statistically significant changes in the oxygen saturation (SPO)level (p>0.05)

Within the limitations of this study we conclude that virtual reality eyeglasses used in the present study is an effective distraction technique in management of pediatric patients undergoing dental treatment.
Echa represji wobec klasztorów w Królestwie Polskim na łamach krakowskiego Czasu po upadku powstania styczniowego
Authors: Gąsiorowska Patrycja
Published: July 2021

Ukazujący się w Krakowie od 1848 roku dziennik Czas, organ prasowy galicyjskich konserwatystów, na bieżąco informował czytelników o wydarzeniach w Królestwie Polskim związanych z powstaniem styczniowym i represjami rządu carskiego wobec Polaków po jego upadku. Jednym z głównych tematów były represje dotykające Kościół katolicki, a zwłaszcza męskie i żeńskie zakony. Czas opisywał wszelkie przejawy nękania osób zakonnych ze strony Rosjan: drobne złośliwości, wydawanie przepisów utrudniających normalne funkcjonowanie klasztorów, dręczenie moralne, stosowanie tortur, wykonywanie egzekucji i zsyłanie zakonników na Syberię, konfiskaty klasztornych majątków, a wreszcie likwidację większości klasztorów męskich i żeńskich. Przy okazji relacjonowania przypadków represji dziennik przedstawiał też reakcje zachodnich mocarstw i papiestwa na antypolską i antykościelną politykę caratu oraz nieskuteczne dyplomatyczne próby przeciwdziałania im. Długo łudzono czytelników nadzieją na zbrojną interwencję zachodnich mocarstw na rzecz uciemiężonego narodu polskiego, łącząc obronę idei narodowych z obroną religii katolickiej. Niestety nadzieje te, o czym Czas donosił z goryczą, okazały się płonne.
Teoría del juego social
Authors: Matus Carlos
Published: July 2021

Al abordar la complejidad del juego social, Matus busca superar las propuestas tecnocráticas; las mismas que hoy se continúan implementando desde un carácter normativo que desconoce los principios básicos del juego social, a pesar de que abusen del adjetivo de “estratégicas” con el que a veces se autodenominan. En esas propuestas persisten viejos principios normativos como, por ejemplo, el creer que juegan solos, que solo planifica el que gobierna, que todos los problemas son bien estructurados, que el poder no es un recurso escaso, que los sujetos operan a nivel cartesiano, que el lenguaje es un mero instrumento y que los finales son cerrados y predecibles. Supuestos que siguen operando en el razonamiento de no pocos de los que trabajan y enseñan en el campo de la planificación y la gestión de las organizaciones y también de los gobernantes. La obra de este intelectual chileno tiene la virtud de poder ser leída desde cualquier saber disciplinario y de provocar el interés de aquellos que hayan estado o estén en funciones públicas, o que alienten un futuro de justicia social con ejercicio de la ciudadanía social. Muchos lectores tendrán la posibilidad de ver con claridad su experiencia de gestión, y quizás lamentarán no haberlo leído antes. Otros verán la necesidad de que este libro sea leído por los que se encuentran con responsabilidades de gobierno. Hugo Spinelli (Fragmentos de la Presentación)
Теоретический анализ литературных источников по вопросам значимости соблюдения мер безопасности и правил поведения на территории лечебнопрофилактического учреждения
Authors: Автюхова Е.Ю.
Published: July 2021

В статье проводится анализ литературных и устных источников на предмет актуальности таких вопросов, как соблюдение мер безопасности и правил поведения на территории лечебно-профилактического учреждения, роль каждой группы – медицинский персонал, пациент, посетитель, в соблюдении вышеупомянутых мер, последствия несоблюдения правил, установленных лечебным учреждением, а также определение уровня информирования населения об их обязанностях в системе здравоохранения.
Культура питания и гигиенического поведения среди подростков, их роль в появлении акне
Authors: Бачал Д.В. , Бирюкова Н.В.
Published: July 2021

В процессе изучения научной литературы и патентной документации была выявлена актуальная в настоящее время проблемы питания и гигиенического поведения среди подростков, являющееся приоритетной проблемой при возникновении распространенного заболевания – акне.
Фармакогностический анализ и перспективы создания сиропа из лекарственного растительного сырья − листьев липы сердцевидной (Тilia cordata Mill.)
Authors: Бирюкова Н.В. , Бехтина  . В.П
Published: July 2021

Листья липы сердцевидной широко используются в народной медицине, а на фармацевтическом рынке практически отсутствуют препараты из листьев липы сердцевидной (только в виде сборов). В данный статье была изучена научная литература характеризующую цветки и листья липы сердцевидной, проведѐн качественный, микроскопический и спектральный анализ листьев, было обнаружено наличие в листьях БАВ сходных с теми, что находятся в цветках, была оценена возможность создания экстракционного препарата в виде сиропа.
Лактазная недостаточность (обзор литературы)
Authors: Езерская П.А. , Бирюкова Н.В
Published: July 2021

Непереносимость лактозы широко распространена во всем мире. Это вызвано снижением или потерей активности кишечного фермента лактазы, ответственного за переваривание лактозы. Это изменение определяет повышенную осмотическую нагрузку в тонком кишечнике и ферментацию лактозы бактериальной флорой, что приводит к высокой продукции короткоцепочечных жирных кислот и газа. За этим следуют боли в животе, диарея и метеоризм и ряд других симптомов. Постановка достоверного диагноза необходима для проведения адекватного лечения, поэтому существует несколько методов диагностики. К ним относятся генетический тест, водородный дыхательный тест, быстрый тест на лактазу и тест на толерантность к лактозе. Существует также множество терапевтических вариантов. Соответствующее вмешательство характеризуется коррекционной диетой, такой как потребление продуктов без лактозы, но с питательными характеристиками, сопоставимыми с молочными продуктами.
К проблеме массового оттока сельской молодѐжи в города и путях еѐ решения
Authors: Передерий В.А. , Годзь А.И.
Published: July 2021

Статья посвящена изучению одной из злободневных проблем современности – миграционному оттоку сельской молодежи в города. Авторами статьи определены фундаментальные причины миграционных настроений молодежи из сельской местности, предложены варианты решения накопившихся проблем в области реализации политики сельской молодежи в разрезе устойчивости развития сельских территорий.
О модальности возможности и невозможности в современном башкирском языке
Authors: Исянгулова Г.А. , Акилова М.Ф.
Published: July 2021

В данной статье рассмотрены лексико-грамматические способы передачи модального значения возможности и невозможности в современном башкирском языке. На основе многочисленных примеров можно сделать вывод, что данная модальность в современном башкирском языке может быть выражена многочисленными аналитическими конструкциями, состоящими из различных глагольных форм и вспомогательных слов була, ала, ярай и мҿмкин.
Факторы риска и профилактика шумового воздействия на организм человека
Authors: Зайнуллина А.З. , Нестерова О.В. , Бирюкова Н.В.
Published: July 2021

В связи с увеличением воздействия раздражающего шумав городской среде, становится все более актуальным изучение влияния шума на состояние организма. С развитием научно-технического прогресса мы ежедневно стали подвергаться влиянию сотням различных раздражающих слух источников, как внутренних, так и внешних.Длительное воздействие шума вызывает необратимые изменения во всем организме. Поэтому в наше время как никогда важно обезопасить себя и своих близких от этого патогенного фактора. Данная статья посвящена проблеме чрезмерного шумового воздействия на организм человека, а также основным, наиболее популярным средствам защиты органов слуха. Целью данной статьи является изучение соответствующей литературы, формирование таблицы сравнительной характеристики рынка средств индивидуальной защиты (СИЗ).
Архитектурная визуализация на практике
Authors: Саморуков С.А.
Published: July 2021

Архитектурная визуализации на практике, это новая форма выражения в области проектирования. В статье мы рассмотрим основные преимущества архитектурной визуализации перед эскизными чертежами.
Предупреждение тромбоэмболических осложнений в травматологии и ортопедии
Authors: Самодай В.Г. , Рыльков М.И. , Федорищев А.П.
Published: July 2021

Статья посвящена некоторым аспектам профилактики тромбоэмболических осложнений в травматологии и ортопедии. Проведен анализ полученных в данной работе результатов.
Направление селекции озимой пшеницы на зерно в предгорной зоне РСО-Алания
Authors: Манукян И.Р. , Басиева М.А. , Мирошникова Е.С. , Абиева Т.С
Published: July 2021

На сегодняшний день актуален вопрос создания сортов озимой пшеницы с высокой продуктивностью и устойчивостью к фузариозу колоса. При поражении фузариозом ухудшаются посевные, товарные и кормовые качества зерна. В связи с этим возникает необходимость внедрение устойчивых сортов, что является лучшим и наиболее экономичным приемом уменьшения вредоносности заболевания. В статье описываются основные морфологические признаки перспективных селекционных образцов озимой пшеницы. Получен гибрид Горная 80 х Кума 1/14(F3), он характеризуется скороспелостью от материнского сорта Кума, а также снижением высоты растения Горной 80 на 25 см. Новый гибрид по вегетационному периоду можно отнести к группе среднеспелых
Контроль и профилактика COVID-19 при транспортировке пищевой продукции
Authors: Корниенко В.Н. , Николаев Н.С. , Пранцуз О.С. , Донецких А.Г.
Published: July 2021

В условиях сложившейся в мире сложной эпидемиологической ситуации, связанной с пандемией COVID-19, безопасное продвижение продуктов питания от производителя к потребителю на международном и национальном уровне приобретает особое значение. Одним из путей решения этой многогранной задачи является разработка, регулирование и нормирование мероприятий по контролю и профилактике COVID-19 в таком важном связующем звене непрерывной холодильной цепи как транспортирование пищевой продукции.
Разработка рецептуры функциональных кондитерских изделий на основе полупродуктов сахарного производства
Authors: Кульнева Н.Г. , Семенченко Д.С. , Исхакова Д.А. , Машкина Н.Г. , Пономарева Е.М.
Published: July 2021

Предложена рецептура сахаристых кондитерских изделий на основе желтого сахара и пищевых волокон свеклосахарного производства. С использованием методов математического моделирования выбраны оптимальные соотношения компонентов. Обоснована целесообразность замены белого сахара желтым и введение пищевых волокон в состав изделий для придания функциональных свойств.
Исследование уровня инфляции с помощью множественного регрессионного анализа
Authors: Панченко (Морозова) Н.В. , Шаханова Р.Д.
Published: July 2021

В статье определена тема исследования, еѐ актуальность, объект, предмет и цель исследования. А также проведен множественный регрессионный анализ.
Экономическая эффективность усовершенствованной технологии возделывания гороха
Authors: Моисеев С.А. , Рябкин Е.А. , Каргин В.И. , Камалихин В.Е.
Published: July 2021

Технология возделывания гороха, кроме обеспечения высоких и качественных урожаев, должна быть экономически выгодной. Производство должно приносить прибыль, давать максимум количества и качества продукции при условии ограниченных ресурсов. В теории можно получить высокие урожаи гороха, но затраченные ресурсы будут несоизмеримо больше полученной прибыли. При излишней экономии на элементах технологии раскрыть генетический потенциал сорта невозможно, вследствие чего количество и качество урожая сильно страдает.
Анализ переустройства газопровода высокого давления на автомобильной дороге
Authors: Дормидонтова Т.В. , Павлов О.С.
Published: July 2021

В процессе ремонта автомобильных дорог зачастую возникают проблемы, связанные с заменой коммуникаций. Такого рода проблемы требуют особого внимания и тщательного анализа. В данной работе был произведѐн анализ участка автомобильной дороги, на котором проводились исследования с целью выявления недостатков. Одним из таких недостатков являлась недостаточная длина существующего газопровода высокого давления. Вследствие влияния анализируемых факторов, были составлены рекомендации для переустройства подземных коммуникаций.
Методы укрепления откосов земляного полотна
Authors: Павлова Л.В. , Григорьев Н.А. , Прокошин К.В.
Published: July 2021

Откосы земляного полотна могут разрушаться под влиянием поверхностных вод, ветра, мороза и солнца вследствие изменения физических свойств грунтов. В связи с этим, дно и откосы кюветов и канав земляного полотна укрепляют в целях предохранения от повреждений, а также устранения неровности поверхности земляного полотна, вызванные движением транспорта и осадками.
Редкие земли в цирконе Кожимского массива (Приполярный Урал)
Authors: Денисова Ю.В.
Published: July 2021

В данной работе представлены результаты редких земель в акцессорном цирконе из Кожимского гранитного массива (Приполярный Урал). Определены медиальные значения содержаний редких земель по каждому морфологическому типу циркона, встречаемому в изученных гранитах. Выявлено отсутствие Tb, Ho, Tm во всех типах кожимского циркона. Дефицит этих TR указывает на высокую температуру и активную роль кислорода на всех этапах гранитогенеза. Проведено нормирование полученных составов по хондриту McDonough и Sun. Полученный результат показывает, что накопление редкоземельных элементов происходило постепенно в течении всего периода формирования гранитов.
Агрофизические свойства субстратов для выращивания рассады сельдерея
Authors: Иванов Д.И. , Иванова Н.Н. , Родионова А.С.
Published: July 2021

Изучение агрофизических свойств является обязательным при выборе состава субстрата для выращивания рассады. Наименьшее содержание вермикулита в составе почвогрунтов, при котором существенно изменяются агрофизические свойства составляет 35 %. При увеличении доли вермикулита с 35 до 100 % происходило уменьшение удельной массы на 0,16–0,84 г/см3 , увеличение капиллярной и полной влагоемкости, общей, капиллярной и пористости аэрации. Причем увеличение капиллярной пористости происходило интенсивнее, чем пористости аэрации.
Биометрические показатели рассады сельдерея в зависимости от состава почвогрунта
Authors: Иванов Д.И. , Иванова Н.Н. , Родионова А.С.
Published: July 2021

Оптимальные биометрические показатели рассады корневого сельдерея складывались на варианте с 35 % почвы и 65 % вермикулита. При таком содержании были отмечены наибольшие объем корневой системы (0,92 см3 /раст.) и высота растений (17,8 см). Площадь листьев увеличивалась на варианте с долей вермикулита 65 % на 5,78 см3 /раст. по сравнению с вариантом со 100 % почвы. Сырая биомасса растений корневого сельдерея так же изменялась в зависимости от почвогрунта, с увеличение доли вермикулита до 65 % этот показатель повышался до 3,0 г/раст.
Опыт внедрения медицинской информационной системы «Виста — Мед» в рамках оказания амбулаторной помощи в СПБ ГБУЗ «Противотуберкулезный диспансер №12»
Authors: Азовцев Д.Ю.
Published: July 2021

Представлены этапы и результаты работы по замене устаревшей МИС «СЭМТ» на МИС «Виста — Мед» в 2020 г. в СПБ ГБУЗ «Противотуберкулезный диспансер №12», к которому прикреплено население Адмиралтейского района Санкт-Петербурга. Разработана основная модель получения информации о пациенте для оказания медицинской помощи. За счет внедрения МИС в работу диспансера повыилась равномерность загрузки ЛПУ амбулаторного и стационарного типа на 94,1 %, увеличение пропускной способности учреждения на 87,4%, сокращение ожидания времени для получения специализированной помощи на 79,5%.