bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of analytical methods for the determination of cyanotoxins in water, plant and animal tissues using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Μανωλίδη Κορίνα
Published: October 2021

Τα κυανοβακτήρια είναι φωτοσυνθετικοί μικροοργανισμοί οι οποίοι αναπτύσσονται στο υδάτινο και χερσαίο περιβάλλον τα οποία επίσης καλλιεργούνται με σκοπό την χρήση τους ως συμπληρώματα διατροφής, και μπορούν υπό ευνοϊκές συνθήκες να παράγουν ένα ευρύ φάσμα τοξικών ενώσεων, τις κυανοτοξίνες. Το BMAA και τα κυριότερα ισομερή του, είναι μη πρωτεϊνογενετικά αμινοξέα που έχουν συσχετιστεί με νευροεκφυλιστικές ασθένειες, παράγονται από κυανοβακτήρια και εντάσσονται στην κατηγορία των κυανοτοξινών. Οι σαξιτοξίνες είναι εν δυνάμει νευροτοξίνες και παρουσιάζουν την υψηλότερη οξεία τοξικότητα μεταξύ των κυανοτοξινών. Πιθανές οδοί έκθεσης στις ενώσεις αυτές είναι η κατανάλωση πόσιμου νερού, συμπληρωμάτων διατροφής ή θαλασσινών τα οποία έχουν εκτεθεί σε κυανοτοξίνες. Ωστόσο, δεν έχουν θεσπιστεί επίσημοι κανονισμοί και για τις δύο ομάδεςκυανοτοξινών για όλες τις πιθανές οδούς έκθεσης σε αυτές. Ο προσδιορισμός των αμινοξέων σε περιβαλλοντικά δείγματα είναι μια δύσκολη διαδικασία λόγω της υψηλής πολικότητας και του χαμηλού μοριακού βάρους του ΒΜΑΑ, το οποίο μπορεί να βρίσκεταιελεύθερο ή πρωτεϊνικά συνδεδεμένο στη φύση σε χαμηλές συγκεντρώσεις, με πιθανότητα συνέκλουσης με τα ισομερή του. Επίσης, σημαντικές δυσκολίες παρουσιάζονται και στην απομόνωση των σαξιτοξινών από το νερό καθώς είναι πολικά μόρια με διαφορετικέςχημικές ιδιότητες. Στην παρούσα εργασία, αναπτύχθηκαν ευαίσθητες αναλυτικές μέθοδοι για τον ακριβή προσδιορισμό των διαφόρων μορφών των BMAA, DAB, AEG και BAMA, καθώς και εννέα σαξιτοξινών (STX, NeoSTX, dc-STX, GTX1,2,3,4 και dc-GTX2,3), σε υδατικά και κυανοβακτηριακά δείγματα, καθώς και σε φυτικούς και ζωικούς ιστούς. Η προσυγκέντρωση των σαξιτοξινών πραγματοποιήθηκε με την τεχνική εκχύλισης στερεάς φάσης με τη χρήση δύο μικροστηλών εν σειρά. Ο αποτελεσματικός χρωματογραφικός διαχωρισμός επιτεύχθηκε με την τεχνική υγροχρωματογραφίας υδρόφιλης αλληλεπίδρασης (HILIC), ενώ η ανίχνευση και ο ποσοτικός προσδιορισμός με τη χρήση συζευγμένης φασματομετρίας μάζας τριπλού τετραπόλου (MS/MS). Οι επικυρωμένες μέθοδοι εφαρμόστηκαν επιτυχώς σε κυανοβακτηριακά δείγματα από λίμνες της Ελλάδας, καθώς και σε συμπληρώματα διατροφής, ασπόνδυλα και φυτικούς ιστούς. Η επιβεβαιωμένη ταυτοποίηση των υπό ανάλυση κυανοτοξινών σε αρκετά δείγματα αναμένεται να ευαισθητοποιήσει την επιστημονική κοινότητα για τον κίνδυνο που προκαλούν οι ενώσεις αυτές με στόχο την τακτική παρακολούθηση των προϊόντων που προορίζονται για ανθρώπινη κατανάλωση, καθώς και την ανάπτυξη κατευθυντήριων γραμμών.
The genome sequence of the European peacock butterfly, Aglais io (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Lohse Konrad , Mackintosh Alexander , Vila Roger ,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: October 2021

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Aglais io (also known as Inachis io and Nymphalis io) (the European peacock; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Nymphalidae). The genome sequence is 384 megabases in span. The majority (99.91%) of the assembly is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules, with the Z sex chromosome assembled. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl has identified 11,420 protein coding genes.
Ranking of the Largest groups and Companies in the Field of Outsourcing of Accounting Functions: Results of 2020
Authors: Khanferyan V.
Published: October 2021

As the next, twelfth ranking of the largest companies in the field of outsourcing of accounting functions from RAEX shows, this sector of the services market ended in 2020 with the worst dynamics for the entire period of observation - in fact, stagnation. Outsourcing providers pin their hopes for growth with the business learning lessons from working in a pandemic.
Features of the investment valuation mechanism in the context of global economic uncertainty
Authors: Starovaya Yu.
Published: October 2021

The purpose of the study was to identify the most effective method of investment appraisal in the context of global economic uncertainty. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the fact that a macroeconomic factor of uncertainty is the global pandemic, but not the classic economic crisis. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the obtained recommendations and conclusions can be used by investors and analytical agencies when assessing the investment attractiveness of individual companies.
Frontiers: The Impact of Ad-Blockers on Online Consumer Behavior
Authors: Todri Vilma
Published: October 2021

This paper investigates the impact of ad-blockers on online search and purchasing behaviors by empirically analyzing a consumer-level panel data set.
Financial Management Tools in Corporate Agency Conflicts
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Riazanova N.
Published: October 2021

The article provides the substantiation of the concept of agency theory from the position of financial management in the direction of the agency problem that exists between agents and owners in view of diverse interests, dispersion of equity capital in corporate structures. The influence of internal agency conflicts on the financial results of the company's activity, their relation to the implementation of financial management tools is considered. Consequently, there is a need to systematize agency relations into horizontal and vertical, which together form a system of external and internal relations, and also complement the classification of agency contradictions in the direction of collisions of interests between the head office and branches, functional divisions of the corporation, the parent organization and subsidiaries. An increase in the role of financial levers and indicators based on the distribution of net, operating, reinvested profits in solving the agency problem allows not only to reveal the specific characteristics of the contradictions between the management and the owners of the corporation on the distribution of financial resources, to structure intracorporate interactions, to determine the nature of the negative financial consequences for the owners of the corporation, but and set the direction for the development of financial management tools to eliminate them. The theoretical aspects of corporate agency relations and related conflicts are supplemented, from the angle of the agency problem of managers and shareholders, the expansion of the subject perspective of the study of the problematic of tools in solving corporate agency conflicts. The development of theoretical ones is continued, it is presented in the essence of intra-corporate agency conflicts, financial management tools in their solution, substantiation and development of methods in the development of the concept of agency theory.
Analysis of the Introduction and Use of Accounting Automation Systems in Domestic Enterprises
Authors:   SHEI Donbass State Engineering Academy, Simakov K. , Rudman V. ,   SHEI Donbass State Engineering Academy
Published: October 2021

The article examines the features of the classification characteristics of software for automation of the accounting system of domestic enterprises, as well as systematizes the basic requirements for ensuring the rational choice of this software, taking into account the characteristics of a particular enterprise. The comparative analysis of the main software products for automation of accounting procedures at domestic enterprises is carried out. The characteristic of features of use of various software products of automation of accounting at the domestic enterprises of various branches of economy is presented. A number of main advantages from the implementation of an effective process of automation of accounting procedures to ensure increased profitability and economic growth of Ukrainian enterprises are revealed. The most popular software products for auditing intangible assets are highlighted. The accounting mechanism in the automated environment for the formation of the information base on the presence of intangible assets is outlined.
Motivation for the Development of Digital Skills and Competencies of Employees
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Bryukhovetsky Ya.
Published: October 2021

The introduction of digital technologies in production and everyday life significantly changes the labor market, the ratio of age groups, areas of activity, forms of organization of production and employment, which requires new skills and competencies of workers. Digital skills become critical for both employees and employers. Knowledge in the field of search, filtering, systematization, evaluation and analysis of a large amount of data, digital content and information becomes mandatory for managers and professionals. The peculiarity of modern work is the change of traditional boundaries of labor activity, strengthening the role of individual professional qualities of employees, their competencies. Therefore, the work of a modern worker becomes more pronounced. This fact should be taken into account when implementing new forms of motivation. Motivation to mastering the digital competencies of staff is a process of creating conditions under which employees can realize their values, needs, potential and which have an active influence on the purposeful change of human behavior. In the conditions of economy digitalization the staff motivation methods to digital skills and competences reception, their realization in digital technologies acquire special value. The list of digital skills and competencies is outlined, the expediency of using gamification to activate staff is substantiated, measures of motivation the generation Z to master and use digital skills for work efficiency are developed. Emphasis is placed on the qualities of management and employees in enterprises – "hidden champions".
The concept of the Regional Scientific and Educational Cluster in the Conditions of Neo-Industrial Modernization and Smart Specialization of Donbass
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Borodina O.
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of preconditions and factors of neo-industrial modernization and smart specialization of the regions of Ukraine, in particular, the Donetsk region. The analysis of development of innovative cycles of economic conjuncture is carried out, the urgency of modernizations of transformations of economy in view of probable concentration of the sixth technological way on material (neoindustrial) manufacture is emphasized. A review of the digital transformation process in accordance with the DESI 2020 Index, as well as the results of research in the implementation of innovations in industrial enterprises, the need to strengthen the digital transformation of all spheres of life for the Donetsk region, taking into account recent changes in the regulatory framework (draft Law on Deoligarchization). It is stated that education, science and innovation are the drivers of modernization of the economy of any country, and in general, the driver of the formation of the infrastructural environment in the context of the fourth industrial revolution. The latest shifts of state accents towards innovative methods of education in Ukraine are considered, in particular, the innovative project "Presidential University" with a focus on a range of new and highly popular professions in the real sector of the economy. A detailed analysis of the benefits and risks of such a project and the entire scientific and educational field in general is provided. Emphasis is placed on the perception of the modern university as part of an industrial cluster that is threefold in its stakeholders: industrial enterprises, scientists and students. The need for comprehensive provision of such a trinity is indicated. The modern need for Ukraine's integration into the European educational space requires non-standard solutions, or the study of the most effective experience of the integrated education system in our country in the recent past. Effective recommendations for the implementation of integrated schemes of education-science-production, following the examples of the world's leading scientific institutions of the present and recent past (factories - universities). Modern examples of integrated educational and scientific institutions (DTEK Academy, Metinvest-Polytechnic University of Mariupol) are considered and analyzed, the need for a systematic and comprehensive approach is given given the priority of scientific and educational industries in the priorities of global industrial development. also, the use of existing capacity to solve specific problems in the region using smart specialization.
Management of Economic Security: Analytical-Information Aspect of Diagnostics and Decision-Making
Authors:   Poltava University of Economics and Trade, Rogoza M. , Perebyinis V. ,   Poltava University of Economics and Trade, Kuzmenko O. ,   Poltava University of Economics and Trade, Karnaukhova G. ,   Poltava University of Economics and Trade
Published: October 2021

The process of diagnosing economic security problems; the identification, systematization and assessment of threats and risks are studied. The urgency of determining the mechanisms of processes of formation of analytical and information support of its implementation is established. Scientific and theoretical approaches to the formation of analytical and information support of economic security processes of an economic object based on the use of modeling to determine the dominant threats using fuzzy logic and multifactorial comparative analysis of primary properties are considered. It is established that the formation of effective analytical and information support as a tool to support decision-making in determining the size of the economic object and determining the level of economic security is complicated by a significant number of indicators. This reflects the state of the economic condition of the object. It is proposed to conduct analytical processing of information using a quantitative assessment of the indicators of subjects in the environment of the studied object based on the implementation of approaches in the form of a combination of analyzed models (fuzzy sets and MAI). On the basis of mathematical modeling the methodological approaches of creation of mechanisms of maintenance of formation of analytical and information maintenance in acceptance of administrative decisions are specified and offered. The developed methodological approaches can be used for analytical and informational support of decision support mechanisms and are a tool for determining the scale of the economic object and assessing the parameters of the sources of crisis trends.
The Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Small and Medium Enterprises' Economic Security
Authors:   Volodymyr Dahl East Ukrainian National University, Olshanskyi O. , Kramchaninova M. ,   Volodymyr Dahl East Ukrainian National University
Published: October 2021

The article researches the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on small and medium enterprises' economic security. The issues and challenges faced by SME as a result of COVID-19 pandemic's outburst are studied in the context of maintaining their economic security. It had been established that the impact of COVID-19 pandemic has a distinctive differential effect on certain sectors. The severity of financial turmoil varied throughout regions and sectors of economics, but generally forced the indexes of economic development to demonstrate negative dynamics. Following the economic crisis triggered by the pandemic, the service industry has suffered at most. The complexity of coordinating measures targeted at combating the spread of COVID-19 pandemic with economic development's priorities led to increase in threats hanging over the SME's economic safety. The authors summarize all of the factors in the picture influencing the productivity of small and medium enterprises' activities at the present time all over the world. The study identifies and explains the possibility of measures taken towards supporting enterprises and organizations, based on partnerships between businesses, government and civil society, and also lists recommendations for political measures, which might help the SME to maintain the level of economic security sustainable enough to navigate through the constantly changing environment. The scale of those measures taken against the negative effects of pandemic's economic consequences on small and medium enterprises' operation and development, implies the availability of target programs with financial support, infrastructural growth and professional consulting on the issues concerning SME, as well as supply of means proposed by digitization and technological progress. The measures introduced in the article may be insufficient to help small and medium enterprises survive the long-lasting crisis, however, may be sufficient for them to take time to adapt the activities of enterprises to the current conditions.
On the restoration of the leading role of mechanical engineering in building a new economy in Ukraine
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Amosha A. , Bryukhovetskaya N. ,   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Buleev I. ,   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University
Published: October 2021

The leaders of the modern world economy reached a high level of development during the period of industrial capitalist production. At present, in the world, machine production follows the path of minimizing and universalizing machines (systems, industries), robotization, computerization, digitalization, the formation of artificial intelligence, etc. All this is not de-industrialization, but a new stage in machine production, hyper-industrialization, building a new economy and introducing digitalization. Moving machine production from developed countries to third world countries does not mean de-industrialization of parent producer countries at all. It means their further development. In Ukraine, these complex processes are inadequately perceived, industry, mechanical engineering, for various reasons, have undergone total destruction through changes in forms of ownership, loss of strategy and development prospects, which is fundamentally wrong. In studies, insufficient attention is paid to the functioning of machine-building enterprises in “falling”, collapsing markets, there is no unambiguous and adequate understanding of what should be attributed to mechanical engineering, there is no clear classification of sub-sectors of mechanical engineering or business associations (industry, industry, sub-sector, complex, cluster). The variety of machine building classifications makes it difficult to assess economic activity objectively. The purpose of the article is to develop proposals for restoring the leading role of the industry in the technical re-equipment of the domestic economy production, its way out of the ongoing systemic crisis, based on the analysis of how the mechanical engineering functions as a driver of industrial and social development of industry and economy. It is shown that mechanical engineering provides a high level of labor productivity, production culture, science, contributes to the further deepening of labor cooperation. It was revealed that the most intellectually and professionally prepared part of the middle class was formed in mechanical engineering. The article examines the evolution of mechanical engineering over the years of the formation of the state, comparison with a number of industrial countries. The necessity of prioritizing the development of mechanical engineering for the formation of a modern self-sufficient economy is proved, the main directions of management including collaborative, structural and organizational regulation of the industry and the introduction of nature-like processes are outlined. The expediency and possibility to develop highly specialized industries in Ukraine and the cultivation of "hidden champions" have been substantiated.
Antifungal Activity of the Bark Extract of Michelia Alba Against Curvularia Verruculosa Fungal the Cause of Leaf Spot Disease on Rice
Authors: Gede Bawa I Gusti Agung , Bogoriani Ni Wayan
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study was observe the antifungal activity of the bark extract of Michelia alba against Curvularia verruculosa fungal of the cause of leaf spot disease in rice. The antifungal activities was carried out using the diffusion well, colony, biomass formation methods. The bark extract of Michelia alba has showed the antifungal activity against Curvularia verruculosa fungal with a minimum inhibition concentratiotn value to be 0.5%. The bark extract of Michelia alba with 2.0% concentration can strongly inhibit the growth of C. Verruculosa with inhibiting capabality is 33.17 mm. This extract at 0.6% concentration was able to completely inhibit the growth of fungal colony and at 2.0% concentration has been able to inhibit completely the biomass formation of C. Verruculosa fungal for a 14-day period of incubation.
Evaluation of Numidian quartz sandstones from Southern Italy for industrial applications
Authors: Fornelli Annamaria
Published: October 2021

Numidian quartz-rich sandstones collected from four different reconstructed sections along the Apennine chain of Southern Italy, have been studied for their textural, petrographic and geochemical characteristics to verify their potential industrial use. Sampling was carried out along a NW-SE transect: Monteverde and Aquilonia sections at NW (Campania Region) and Valsinni and Rotondella ones at SE (Lucania Region). The sandstones from NW successions are subarkoses with subordinate sublitharenites. High compositional maturity is shown by these sandstones containing high SiO2 values (93wt% in average) and lowest amounts of CaO (0.08 wt%), MgO (0.1wt%), Fe2O3 (0.9 wt%) due to the absence of carbonate components (cement and lithics) and scarce presence of clay-ferruginous cement. The sandstones from SE successions show lower contents of SiO2 (87 wt% in average) and relatively higher contents of CaO (up to 7.4 wt%), MgO (up to 1.9 wt%) and Fe2O3 (up to 4.6 wt%) as compared to the previous ones, connected to the presence of calcite and clay-ferruginous cements; these can be classified as Fe-sands with subordinate sublitharenites. The sandstones from NW area show a better potential vocation to be used in the glass industry. However, the coloring elements contents are too high for clear or optical glass production. They are it is suitable as raw material for colored glass, insulating fibres, foundry molds or air Crete. With the aim of assessing the possible improvement of chemical characters, four granulometric fractions (A< 63 μm, B 63-125 μm, C 125-250 μm and D >250μm) were analyzed considering four samples from NW successions. Based on chemical composition, C and D fractions from Aquilonia area, are the most suitable for a coloured glass, while fractions A (<63 μm) and B (63-125 μm) mixed in proportions of 40 % (A) and 60 % (B), appropriately cleaned of clays, heavy minerals and iron hydroxides, could be used as raw material for the paint industry. The obtained results suggest a complete exploitation of this type of sandstones in the manufacturing industry, reducing waste materials and enhancing the economic value of these resources from southern regions of Italy.
Gottesworte in Assiut. Eine Paläographie der reliefierten Monumentalhieroglyphen der Ersten Zwischenzeit und der 12. Dynastie
Authors: Kahl Jochem
Published: October 2021

Seit 2003 arbeitet das deutsch-ägyptische „The Asyut Project“ auf dem Gebel Assiut al-gharbi, dem im Westen der mittelägyptischen Stadt Assiut gelegenen Wüstenberg. Ein Bestandteil des Forschungsvorhabens ist die epigraphische Aufnahme der Inschriften in den Gaufürstengräbern I, III, IV und V aus der Ersten Zwischenzeit und der 12. Dynastie. Jochem Kahl und Sameh Shafik stellen die reliefierten Hieroglyphen aus diesen gut datierten Gräbern in einer Paläographie zusammen und beschreiben die angewandten Werktechniken der Grabbeschriftung. Mit dieser Publikation liegt nun ein zeitlich wie regional genau erfasster Satz an Hieroglyphenformen für das 21. und 20. Jahrhundert v.Chr. vor.
Safety of augmentation cystoplasty in patients with bladder abnormalities undergoing renal transplantation: a systematic review
Authors: Bobby Sutojo  , Gampo Alam Irdam
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND Augmentation cystoplasty (AC) has been recently proposed to improve a bladder condition before or after a renal transplantation for an optimal allograft function. Until now, AC in adults with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is uncommon and rarely practiced. This study aimed to investigate the safety of AC in patients with bladder abnormalities who required renal transplantation.

METHODS Studies of patients with ESRD and abnormal bladder who underwent AC were searched in ProQuest, PubMed, EBSCO, and Cochrane Library online databases. Only studies published in English from January 1985 to May 2020 were included. The keywords used were renal transplantation, bladder dysfunction, cystoplasty, and their synonyms. Data were extracted by two independent authors who selected, screened, and assessed the articles’ eligibility and quality. The outcomes were graft survival rate and complications of AC.

RESULTS A total of 19 articles were included. AC improved an intravesical pressure, a bladder capacity, and a compliance in patients with ESRD and bladder abnormalities, allowing patients to undergo the renal transplantation. Even though AC in patients with renal transplantation resulted in a significantly higher urinary tract infection rate than patients who underwent renal transplantation only, performing AC after renal transplantation was considered safe.

CONCLUSIONS AC was considered safe for patients with bladder abnormalities who underwent renal transplantation.
Reliability and validity of the Indonesian version of the aging males’ symptoms
Authors: Dyandra Parikesit  , Miftah Adityagama  , Widi Atmoko  , Birowo Ponco , Akmal Taher  , Nur Rasyid
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND Aging males’ symptoms (AMS) scale was developed to study the problems of aging males, especially related to the quality of life. Currently, there is no valid and reliable Indonesian version of the AMS scale. This study was aimed to translate and evaluate the validity and reliability of the Indonesian version of the AMS scale.

METHODS This cross-sectional study translated the existing AMS scale into Indonesian, which was tested in 40 years old males from May to August 2020. Cross-cultural validation of the AMS scale was conducted by translating the questionnaire from English to Indonesian by two independent-certified translators. The validity of the Indonesian version of the AMS scale was measured by conducting a Pearson correlation (r) analysis. The reliability of this questionnaire was tested and retested in 118 participants with a 2-week interval. In addition, Cronbach’s alpha value was measured and used as a reference. The first test was conducted in a corporate blood donor event in Matraman, East Jakarta, and the retest was conducted in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital.

RESULTS The Indonesian version of the AMS scale was valid and had a good internal consistency with a Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.74. The test-retest reliability showed good reliability with an r-value of 0.981. Pearson correlation test showed that all questions in the questionnaire were valid (p<0.05) and correlated positively.

CONCLUSIONS The Indonesian version of the AMS scale derived from this study is valid and has good reliability.
Precision health care strategies for older adults with diabetes in Indonesia: a Delphi consensus study
Authors: Satriya Pranata  , Shu-Fang Vivienne Wu  , Chun-Hua Chu  , Khristophorus Heri Nugroho
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND Studies on precision health care for older adults with diabetes in Indonesia are still limited. This study was aimed to reach the experts consensus on the suitable precision health care strategies for older adults with diabetes.

METHODS A total of 10 experts (4 physicians, 4 nurses, and 2 dietitians) agreed to participate in the 3-round interview using Delphi technique. The experts should have at least 5 years of experience in teaching or working as health professionals in a hospital.

RESULTS Consensus was reached that precision health care consisted of eight elements: self-management, interdisciplinary collaborative practice, personalized genetic or lifestyle factors, glycemic target, patient preferences, glycemic control, patient priority-directed care, and biodata- or evidence-based practice. The strategies of precision health care for diabetes were divided into seven steps: conducting brief deducting teaching; assessing self-management level and risk of cardiovascular disease; organizing a brainstorming session among patients to exchange experiences on glycemic target and specific target behavior; making a list of patients’ needs and ranking the priorities; setting a goal and writing action; doing follow-up; and reporting the goal attempts.

CONCLUSIONS The eight elements of precision health care provided the basis of precision health care strategies for diabetic older adults, which are the real and measurable strategies for precision health care implementation in clinical settings.
Caring through a screen: caring for kin under lockdown
Authors: Benchekroun Rachel
Published: October 2021

COVID-19 and UK-wide lockdown measures in spring 2020 confined people to their homes, with implications for exchanging care. In a small-scale qualitative study, I examined the impact on individuals’ everyday caring practices with adult kin beyond the home. In this article, drawing on empirical evidence from my study, I argue that lockdown restrictions on in-person interactions and the increased reliance on ICTs shaped interactions and how relationships were experienced. The shift in practices highlighted the significance of the physicality and embodiment of everyday practices of care and perceptions of relationships. I argue that ‘caring through a screen’ under lockdown had impacts on subjective and relational wellbeing. I use the concept of developing co-presence across distance through ICTs to analyse shifts in family caring practices in the unique context of a national lockdown. I show how experiences of the disruption of the physicality of everyday micro-acts of care have shaped perceptions of family relationships.
Angela Davis: political activist, radical intellectual and an inspiration for social work
Authors: Belkin Martinez Dawn
Published: October 2021

For many people, Angela Davis is, first and foremost, an icon of the 1960s, a near-mythic figure of that turbulent era and the many radical social causes we now associate with those years. She has spent five decades writing about racial capitalism, the political economy, woman and the prison–industrial complex. However, behind the icon and the image is a longer and more complicated story, one that today has important lessons for social workers and other activists alike. This article will trace her personal history, examine her political trajectory, provide an overview of a few of her principal writings and briefly discuss her connection with the theory and practice of social work.
Magnetostrictive current sensor with high sensitivity and a large linear range for the subway
Authors: Xu Shaoyi , Peng Qiang , Xing Fangfang , Sun Junwen
Published: October 2021

Stray current affects the safe operation of subway equipment. The stray current leakage point can be located by measuring the current of subway running track. A magnetostrictive current sensor with high sensitivity and a large linear range is proposed to monitor track current. The design of the sensor is qualitatively guided by a set of finite element method (FEM) simulations to improve the sensitivity of the sensor. However, when the sensitivity of the sensor increases, the linear range decreases. To solve this problem, a novel current sensor, to the best of our knowledge, which is composed of magnetostrictive composites, steel bars, and adjustable coils, is presented. The linear range of the sensor is expanded by adjusting the different DC bias magnetic fields generated by the adjustable coils. The results show that when the measured current is 0–500 A and 500–1000 A, the Terfenol-D (TD) mass is only 0.14 g, and the sensitivity of the sensor is 0.391 µɛ/A and 0.418 µɛ/A, respectively. The current measurement with low cost, high sensitivity, and larger linear working range is realized, which is suitable for monitoring stray current leakage points.
High-efficiency broadband polarization-independent binary fused silica gratings for large astronomical telescopes
Authors: Wang Yanan , Chen Zhiwen , Cai Maoqi , Qiu Keqiang , Liu Zhengkun , Zhu Qingfeng , Hong Yilin
Published: October 2021

The binary fused silica gratings (BFSGs) with high diffraction efficiency are presented for large astronomical ground-based telescopes. Calculations demonstrate that the BFSGs could obtain high diffraction efficiency in a wider wavelength range and angle of incident (AOI) range compared with volume phase holographic gratings. Several gratings with a size of

60

m
m

×

60

m
m

have been fabricated by holographic lithography and reactive ion-beam etching technology. The measured peak diffraction efficiency reaches 94%, and results show that there are 130 nm wavelength bandwidth and 12° AOI bandwidth in which diffraction efficiency is higher than 70%. The stray light causes the diffraction efficiency to decrease by about 0.48%. All measurements have indicated good consistency with the simulation results.
Measuring Stokes parameters by means of unitary operations
Authors: Su Zhi-Kun , Wang Jia-Hui
Published: October 2021

We propose an improved scheme to measure the Stokes polarization parameters by making the to-be-measured state evolve unitarily. An optical setup able to implement the scheme is presented theoretically and experimentally. Theoretical results indicate that at least two unitary operators should be employed to determine the Stokes parameters of light with arbitrary degrees of polarization. Compared with the results acquired by a commercial polarimeter, the proposed scheme is used to obtain the Stokes parameters of 13 representative states with degrees of polarization

r
=
1

and

r
=
0.5

, experimentally. The fidelity between the two states gained by the above methods is in the range of

0.9802
±
0.0046

to

1.0000
±
0.0000

.
Multimodal hyperspectral fluorescence and spatial frequency domain imaging for tissue health diagnostics of the oral cavity
Authors: Urban Ben E. , Subhash Hrebesh Molly
Published: October 2021

A multimodal, hyperspectral imaging system was built for diagnostics of
oral tissues. The system, termed
Hyperspectral-Fluorescence-Spatial
Frequency Domain Imaging
(Hy-F-SFDI), combines the principles of spatial frequency domain
imaging, quantitative light fluorescence, and CIELAB color
measurement. Hy-F-SFDI employs a compact LED projector, excitation
LED, and a 16 channel hyperspectral camera mounted on a custom
platform for tissue imaging. A two layer Monte Carlo approach was used
to generate a reference table for quick tissue analysis. To
demonstrate the clinical capabilities of Hy-F-SFDI, we used the system
to quantify gingival tissue hemoglobin volume fraction, detect caries,
bacterial activity, and measure tooth color of a volunteer at
different time points. Hy-F-SFDI was able to measure quantitative
changes in tissue parameters.
Optimization of gratings in a diffractive waveguide using relative-direction-cosine diagrams
Authors: Kong Deqing , Zhao Zheng , Shi Xiaogang , Li Xiaojun , Wang Bingjie , Xue Zhenghui , Li ShuangLong
Published: October 2021

Designing diffractive waveguides for head-mounted displays requires wide-angle conical diffraction analysis of multiple gratings. In this work, diffractive waveguide design using the relative direction cosine space, which extends the direction cosine space to a relative space involving refractive indices and can describe grating diffraction through various media, is demonstrated. A diffractive waveguide was fabricated with grating periods of 382 and 270 nm, which generated a monochromatic virtual image image in green light (520 nm). The maximum field of view was measured as 39° with 0.5° deviation from the center of view.
Complex field reconstruction of optical OFDM signals based on temporal transport-of-intensity equation
Authors: Matsumoto Masayuki
Published: October 2021

Field reconstruction of optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signals in a direct-detection (DD) receiver by using temporal transport-of-intensity equation (TIE) is studied. It is shown that in this DD field reconstruction scheme, better BER performance is obtained by using the OFDM modulation than by using single carrier signals especially when low-frequency subcarriers of OFDM signals are not used. How phase errors are generated in solving the TIE is analyzed and it is shown that the process of integration with respect to time gives rise to low-frequency errors that degrade the performance. The DD phase retrieval scheme has favorable features that the solution is non-iterative and it allows using double side-band signals. Nevertheless, it is shown that the scheme has high sensitivity to electrical noise in detection and requires relatively high carrier to signal power ratio, to which further studies are expected to be devoted.
Two-photon scattering and correlation in a four-terminal waveguide system
Authors: Hu Qingmei , Dong Junhua , Yin Jianbo , Zou Bingsuo , Zhang Yongyou
Published: October 2021

Scattering and correlation properties of a two-photon (TP) pulse are studied in a four-terminal waveguide system, i.e., two one-dimensional waveguides connected by a Jaynes-Cummings emitter (JCE). The wave function approach is utilized to exactly calculate the real-time dynamic evolution of the TP transport. When the width of the incident TP Gaussian pulse is much larger than the photon wavelength, the TP transmission spectra approach that of the corresponding single photon cases and are almost independent of the pulse width. On the contrary, as the pulse width is comparable to the photon wavelength, the TP transmission and correlation both show strong dependence on the pulse width. The resonant scattering due to the JCE and the photon interference together determine the TP correlation. When the distance between the TPs is small, the TP correlations between any two terminals for the scattered TP pulse are much different from those for the incident TP pulse and therefore, such a four-terminal waveguide system provides a way to control the TP correlation.
Adaptive Fourier single pixel imaging based on the radial correlation in the Fourier domain
Authors: He Ruiqing , Weng Zhuohao , Zhang Yanyan , Qin Cui , Zhang Jian , Chen Qian , Zhang Wenwen
Published: October 2021

Fourier single-pixel imaging (FSI) can directly measure the Fourier coefficients of an object and reconstruct its image, and the technique has attracted attention recently. However, with the current spectrum sampling methods of FSI it is difficult to balance image details and noise suppression within a limited sampling number and a short reconstruction time. To address this problem, the method of adaptive Fourier single-pixel imaging (A-FSI) is proposed to measure the coefficients of the key spectra adaptively. First we examine radial correlation between low-frequency and high-frequency components in the Fourier domain. Based on this correlation, we estimate the positions of significant high-frequency components through the chosen low-frequency components, measure the corresponding Fourier coefficients and form the image. Importantly, the proposed A-FSI only uses the inverse Fourier transform for reconstruction, which is much faster than the algorithm of compressed sensing under the given conditions. Both the simulations and experiments show that the proposed method can keep details of the image and reduce the noise of reconstruction at same time with a limited sampling number and a short reconstruction time. This technology can promote the practical development of single-pixel imaging.
High level of intrinsic phenotypic antimicrobial resistance in enterobacteria from terrestrial wildlife in Gabonese national parks
Authors: Mbehang Nguema Pierre Philippe , Onanga Richard , Ndong Atome Guy Roger , Tewa Jean Jules , Mabika Mabika Arsène , Muandze Nzambe Jean Ulrich , Obague Mbeang Jean Constant , Bitome Essono Paul Yannick , Bretagnolle François , Godreuil Sylvain
Published: October 2021

Data on the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae in African wildlife are still relatively limited. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of phenotypic intrinsic and acquired antimicrobial resistance of enterobacteria from several species of terrestrial wild mammals in national parks of Gabon. Colony culture and isolation were done using MacConkey agar. Isolates were identified using the VITEK 2 and MALDI-TOF methods. Antibiotic susceptibility was analysed and interpreted according to the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing guidelines. The preliminary test for ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae was performed by replicating enterobacterial colonies on MacConkey agar supplemented with 2 mg/L cefotaxime (MCA+CTX). Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production was confirmed with the double-disc synergy test (DDST). The inhibition zone diameters were read with SirScan. Among the 130 bacterial colonies isolated from 125 fecal samples, 90 enterobacterial isolates were identified. Escherichia coli (61%) was the most prevalent, followed by Enterobacter cloacae (8%), Proteus mirabilis (8%), Klebsiella variicola (7%), Klebsiella aerogenes (7%), Klebsiella oxytoca (4%), Citrobacter freundii (3%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (1%) and Serratia marcescens (1%). Acquired resistance was carried by E. coli (11% of all E. coli isolates) and E. cloacae (3% of all E. cloacae) isolates, while intrinsic resistance was detected in all the other resistant isolates (n = 31); K. variicola, K. oxytoca, K. pneumoniae, E. cloacae, K. aerogenes, S. marcescens and P. mirabilis). Our data show that most strains isolated in protected areas in Gabon are wild type isolates and carry intrinsic resistance rather than acquired resistance.
Palm springs on the Rio Grande: Insight into Archaic forager plant use from phytoliths recovered from a Late Holocene alluvial section in northern New Mexico
Authors: Damick Alison , Rosen Arlene , Ortman Scott
Published: October 2021

In this study we present new evidence from phytolith studies for the presence ofSabal sp. (likelyminor), an allochthonous plant, around Tesuque Creek in northern New Mexico during the early part of the Late Holocene, in the vicinity of known Late Archaic hunter-gatherer communities using the area at that time. We analyzed phytoliths from sediments taken from an alluvial section on the east side of Tesuque Creek dating to c. 3600–2400 cal. BP. The phytoliths demonstrated a change over time from a succulent dominated landscape to a shrubby one, with the later introduction of high densities of palmetto phytoliths associated with marshy deposits and adjacent burn levels. This evidence suggests a more diverse resource landscape available to local hunter-gatherer groups than previously understood, and may have implications for the early management of microenvironments, plant communities. This evidence demonstrates the value of phytolith analysis from alluvial sections for understanding human land and plant use practices over time. Our study provides a new perspective on what resources and land use areas were available for Archaic peoples inhabiting the area, and how they may have experimented with managing lesser known types of wild plant resources before the establishment of the triad of crops from Mesoamerica. This opens up new avenues for understanding the landscapes, land use practices, and environmental impacts of pre-agricultural communities in the northern Rio Grande and in other semi-arid environments worldwide.
SARS-CoV-2 viral load as a predictor for disease severity in outpatients and hospitalised patients with COVID-19: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Knudtzen Fredrikke Christie , Jensen Thøger Gorm , Lindvig Susan Olaf , Rasmussen Line Dahlerup , Madsen Lone Wulff , Hoegh Silje Vermedal , Bek-Thomsen Malene , Laursen Christian B. , Nielsen Stig Lønberg , Johansen Isik Somuncu
Published: October 2021

Introduction

We aimed to examine if severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) cycle quantification (Cq) value, as a surrogate for SARS-CoV-2 viral load, could predict hospitalisation and disease severity in adult patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods

We performed a prospective cohort study of adult patients with PCR positive SARS-CoV-2 airway samples including all out-patients registered at the Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital (OUH) March 9-March 17 2020, and all hospitalised patients at OUH March 10-April 21 2020. To identify associations between Cq-values and a) hospital admission and b) a severe outcome, logistic regression analyses were used to compute odds ratios (OR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI), adjusting for confounding factors (aOR).

Results

We included 87 non-hospitalised and 82 hospitalised patients. The median baseline Cq-value was 25.5 (interquartile range 22.3–29.0). We found a significant association between increasing Cq-value and hospital-admission in univariate analysis (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.04–1.19). However, this was due to an association between time from symptom onset to testing and Cq-values, and no association was found in the adjusted analysis (aOR 1.08, 95% CI 0.94–1.23). In hospitalised patients, a significant association between lower Cq-values and higher risk of severe disease was found (aOR 0.89, 95% CI 0.81–0.98), independent of timing of testing.

Conclusions

SARS-CoV-2 PCR Cq-values in outpatients correlated with time after symptom onset, but was not a predictor of hospitalisation. However, in hospitalised patients lower Cq-values were associated with higher risk of severe disease.