bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nilai Kearifan Lokal Tradisi Manugal Masyarakat Dayak Meratus Kalimantan Selatan Pada Materi Geografi Bidang Lingkungan Hidup (Kajian Etnografi)
Authors: Efendi Muhammad , Sahrul Muhammad , Salma Siti
Published: March 2021

Kalimantan Selatan mempunyai suku yang memiliki keanekaragaman dalam berbagai hal. Salah  satunya adalah budaya yang berkembang dalam masyarakat adat sebagai kekayaan  nasional. Masyarakat adat secara tradisi terus berpegang pada nilai-nilai lokal yang diyakini kebenaran dan kesakralannya serta menjadi pegangan hidup anggotanya yang diwariskan secara turun temurun. Nilai-nilai tersebut saling berkaitan dalam sebuah sistem. Sebagai kesatuan hidup manusia, masyarakat adat memiliki nilai sosial-budaya yang dapat dikaji untuk dikembangkan dalam pembelajaran. Masyarakat adat sangat kental dengan budaya kesetiakawanan sosial dalam melakukan segala aktivitas hidupnya. Seperti yang terjadi pada suku Dayak Meratus, Kalimantan Selatan. Terlepas dari unsur mistis yang ada di dalamnya, pemahaman tentang nilai-nilai tersebut sangat penting dimiliki oleh peserta didik, kini dan masa yang akan datang. Oleh karena itu, nilai-nilai budaya masyarakat tradisional yang dikembangkan dalam konteks kekinian, sangat penting untuk dijadikan kajian dalam pembelajaran Geografi berkaitan dengan Pendidikan Lingkungan Hidup sehingga terinternalisasi pada diri peserta didik. Tentu setelah dikaji secara ilmiah, mengapa nilai-nilai tersebut harus diwarisi oleh mereka.
ESTUDO DA FREQUÊNCIA DE ALTERAÇÕES COMPORTAMENTAIS EM FELINOS DOMÉSTICOS
Authors: De Lima Camila Moura , Xavier Grala Caroline , Boff Gustavo Antonio , Hoeppner Rondelli Mariana Cristina , De Oliveira Nobre Márcia
Published: March 2021

A interação homem-animal ocorre há muitos anos e devido a isso, há o aumento contínuo na população de animais. Atualmente, há pouco espaço e tempo disponibilizado devido à rotina dos tutores, logo a espécie felina tende a se adaptar mais facilmente, a esse ambiente. Entretanto, se não houver recursos ambientais onde o animal possa expressar seu comportamento natural, haverá o surgimento de alterações comportamentais. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar e relatar as alterações comportamentais nos felinos domésticos. Foi elaborado um questionário online contendo 31 questões objetivas. As repostas foram anônimas e consideravam os dados gerais dos tutores e felinos, a forma de distribuição do ambiente e questões relacionadas a alterações comportamentais. Foi demonstrado, que os fatores relacionados à falta de manejo como, o baixo período disponibilizado para a interação tutor-animal, baixa frequência de troca de brinquedos e número e o elevado número de animais por residência podem estar relacionados ao aparecimento de alterações consideradas indesejáveis pelos tutores. Dessa forma, conclui-se que na população estudada houve uma maior frequência de destruição de objetos com arranhadura e eliminação inapropriada. Assim é de grande importância orientar os tutores sobre as características etológicas da espécie, com o intuito de proporcionar qualidade de vida e bem-estar aos felinos e aos tutores.
Using the ORACLE Risk Score to Assess Hemorrhagic Risk in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome and Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Brazhnik V. A. , Minushkina L. O. , Erlikh A. D. , Kosmacheva E. D. , Chichkova M. A. , Khasanov N. R. , Zateyshchikov D. A.
Published: March 2021

Aim. To study the prognostic value of the ORACLE risk score for assessing the risk of bleeding in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing anticoagulants for atrial fibrillation using the combined database of the ORACLE II and RECORD 3 registers.

Material and methods. This analysis included patients with ACS from 2 observational studies: ORACLE II (ObseRvation after Acute Coronary syndrome for deveLopment of trEatment options; n=1803) and the RECORD-3 register (n=2370). In total, the database included 4173 patients, of which 246 (6.08%) received oral anticoagulants for atrial fibrillation. The mean age of patients was 64.7±11.9 years, 2493 (59.7%) were men. Hemorrhagic risk was assessed using the ORACLE, CRUSADE, ORBIT, and HAS-BLED risk score.

Results. Patients receiving anticoagulant therapy were older (69.9±11.3 years and 64.0±12.2 years, p<0.001). Among these patients there was a larger proportion of women, and a smaller proportion of patients with ACS with ST elevation, they were more likely to have chronic heart failure, chronic kidney disease, history of stroke. Among patients receiving anticoagulants and included in the ORACLE study, the frequency of percutaneous coronary intervention was higher than in patients included in the RECORD study. In the joint database, 71 significant bleeding was recorded during the hospitalization period – 64 (1.7%) in patients without anticoagulants and 7 (2.8%) among patients taking anticoagulants (p=0.06). Over 6 months, among patients who did not receive anticoagulants, there were 97 cases of bleeding (in 2.6% of patients), in the group of patients receiving anticoagulants – 12 cases of bleeding (4.9%) – the differences in frequency were significant (p=0.029). The ORACLE risk score had the greatest prognostic value (area under the ROC curve 0.874±0.0416, sensitivity 82.7%, specificity 79.1%). The predictive value of the HAS-BLED risk score was slightly lower (area under the ROC curve 0.710±0.0360, sensitivity 63.2%, specificity 56.8%). The value of the CRUSADE risk score (area under the ROC curve 0.612±0.0269, sensitivity 53.7%, specificity 59.5%) and ORBIT risk score (area under the ROC curve 0.606±0.0457, sensitivity 62.5%, specificity 58.3%) were lower (p<0.001 for all scales).

Conclusion. The use of the ORACLE bleeding risk score can be recommended for patients with ACS requiring anticoagulant therapy.
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacogenetics of Dabigatran
Authors: Savinova A. V. , Dobrodeeva V. S. , Petrova M. M. , Nasyrova R. F. , Shnayder N. A.
Published: March 2021

Dabigatran etexilate is a prodrug of dabigatran, a oral direct inhibitor of thrombin. Pharmacokinetics of dabigatran etexilate doesn’t have the disadvantages of vitamin K antagonists. However, pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics of dabigatran are variable. This can affect both effectiveness and safety of anticoagulant therapy. It is considered that CES1 enzyme and P-glycoprotein (CES1 and ABCB1 genes accordingly) play important role in pharmacokinetics of dabigatran etexilate. UDP-glucuronosyltransferase enzymes UGT2B15, UGT1A9, UGT2B7 (UGT2B15, UGT1A9, UGT2B7 genes accordingly) take part in the metabolism of active dabigatran. Presence of these gene’s single-nucleotide variants (SNV) can affect effectiveness and safety of dabigatran etexilate usage. The goal of this review is analysis of associated researches of SNV genes CES1 and ABCB1 and search for new candidate genes that reveal effectiveness and safety of dabigatran etexilate usage.

Materials and methods. The search for full-text publications in Russian and English languages containing key words “dabigatran etexilate”, “dabigatran”, “pharmacokinetics”, “effectiveness”, “safety” was carried out amongst literature of the past twenty years with the use of eLibrary, PubMed, Web of Science, OMIM data bases. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics of dabigatran etexilate are considered in this review. The hypothesis about UDP-glucuronosyltransferase enzymes influence on dabigatran metabolism was examined. Nowadays more than 2000 SNV CES1 and ABCB1 genes are identified, but their potential influence on pharmacokinetics of dabigatran etexilate and its active metabolite (dabigatran) in clinical practice needs to be further researched. Role of SNV UDP-glucuronosyltransferase genes (UGT2B15, UGT1A9, UGT2B7) in dabigatran’s effectiveness and safety is not explored enough. However, UGT2B15 gene can be a potential candidate gene for research on safety of this drug.
Basic Aspects of Seasonal Cardiovascular Mortality
Authors: Andreeva G. F. , Gorbunov V. M.
Published: March 2021

The review demonstrates the main aspects of seasonal cardiovascular mortality. Climatic factors, including seasonal weather changes, have a significant impact on the biosphere. People are also characterized by the seasonal dynamics of the activity of many organs and systems, biochemical parameters, and mortality. Cardiovascular mortality is also characterized by seasonal fluctuations: in winter it is maximum, in summer it is minimal. The same patterns are characteristic of mortality from cardiovascular diseases (myocardial infarction, stroke, cardiac arrhythmias, etc.). The article presents the basic patterns of seasonal cardiovascular mortality in various climatic zones, the cardiovascular mortality of countries located in the equatorial and subequatorial climatic region. In addition, the mortality displacement phenomenon, the paradox of winter mortality. The main trends in changes in cardiovascular mortality over a long period of time are demonstrated. The paper discusses some of the mechanisms that underlie the dynamics of cardiovascular mortality during the year: seasonal fluctuations in the level of vitamin D, lipids in the blood plasma, changes in hemodynamic parameters, the effects of microbial and viral infections in the cold season, etc. In addition, data on seasonal the dynamics of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases is considered: an increase in body weight, a physical activity decrease, a change in the nutrition structure in the winter, the seasonal dynamics of depression, anxiety, hostility, the relationship of seasonal cardiovascular mortality with socio-economic, demographic and other factors. In conclusion, the main ways of development and prevention of seasonal CV cardiovascular mortality M, taking into account modern technologies at the international level, for state health departments, for specific patients, are demonstrated.
Bicuspid Aortic Valve: Morphology, Clinic, Diagnosis, Complications
Authors: Trysvetava Y. L.
Published: March 2021

Bicuspid aortic valve refers to common (0.5-2% of the population) congenital heart defects that are asymptomatic throughout life, with valve dysfunction and/or aortopathy (pathia- from Greek pathos disease), manifested by expansion, aneurysm or dissection of the vessel. The pathogenesis of the formation of a bicuspid valve is unknown, a genetic component is noted, since the defect develops as sporadic, familial, in combination with other congenital heart defects and with hereditary connective tissue disorders. Morphogenetic studies suggest that different phenotypes of bicuspid aortic valve can be considered as etiologically different diseases, with valve dysfunction or valve dysfunction and aortopathy. Aortic lesion is characterized by phenotypic heterogeneity due to genetic or hemodynamic features. Researchers are discussing the relationship between the phenotype of the bicuspid aortic valve and aortopathy to predict the course of the disease and select the optimal surgical treatment technique. Diagnosis of heart disease is based on the results of an echocardiographic study, magnetic resonance imaging. Surgical treatment is performed for significant hemodynamic disturbances resulting from insufficiency or stenosis of the aortic valve, in cases of infective endocarditis, the risk of which is high, with aneurysm or aortic dissection.
Comparative Assessment of the Clinical Course, Drug Therapy and Outcomes in Myocardial Infarction without or with Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Fomina O. A. , Yakushin S. S.
Published: March 2021

Aim. To compare clinical features, drug therapy and outcomes in patients with non-obstructive and obstructive coronary artery infarction.

Material and methods. The study included 206 patients with a diagnosis of myocardial infraction (MI). According to the results of coronarography, patients were divided into two groups: 103 patients (group 1; MINOCA) did not have obstructive involvement coronary arterial (CA): in 67 (65%) of cases, there is no data for atherosclerotic coronary bed lesion, another 36 (35%) – have CA stenosis up to 50%. 103 patients (group 2) with MI and obstructive CA (MIOCA). The patients of the second group in 100% of cases underwent endoprosthesis of CA, the affection of which caused infraction. The second group was selected by the copy method comparatively to the first group. The analysis of clinical peculiarities, medication and outcomes was made in these groups of patients, in particular.

Results and conclusions. The clinical “portrait” of patients with MI in nonobstructive and obstructive CA involvement did not differ significantly. Higher serum level of total cholesterol (5.6 [4.4;6.2] vs 5.1 [4.4;5.8] mmol/l р=0.04) and cholesterol of low-density lipoproteins (2.9 [2.2;3.5] vs 2.5 [2.1;2.9] mmol/l р=0,01), troponin [2.8 [0.7;15.0] vs 1.2 [0.1;7.7] ng/ml р=0.02) were identified in blood tests of MIOCA patients in the comparison with MINOCA group. Antero-lateral (р=0.02) and unspecified localization of MI (р=0.03) was more frequent in the MINOCA group. The differences in therapeutic approach were manifested in the more frequent prescription of double antiplatelet therapy: (99.0% vs 80.6% р< 0.01) in MIOCA patients. In the MINOCA group а more frequent prescription of dihydropyridine calcium channel blocking agents was registered (23.3% vs 2.9% р<0.01). The unfavorable outcomes for MINOCA is comparable to MIOCA in terms of the incidence of hospital mortality (2.9% against 4.9%; p>0.05), annual mortality (5.1% against 7.8%; p>0.05), and combined endpoint (6.8% against 10.7%; p>0.05).

Conclusion. Despite the similarity of the clinical presentations of MI with obstructive and nonobstructive CA involvement in real clinical practice, there are differences in the pharmacotherapeutic approach in the management of these groups of patients. MINOCA is characterized by an unfavorable outcomes similar to MIOCA.
Asymptomatic Supraventricular Arrhythmias in Patients Undergoing Dialysis
Authors: Likhachev-Mishchenko O. V. , Kornienko A. A. , Kornienko N. A. , Khaisheva L. A. , Dyuzhikov A. A. , Shlyk S. V.
Published: March 2021

Aim. Supraventricular arrhythmias (SVA) are associated with high morbidity and mortality. However, little attention is paid to this condition in patients undergoing hemodialysis. The aim of this study was to analyze the long-term relationship of intradialytic SVA, including asymptomatic arrhythmias, with adverse events in a cohort of patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Material and methods. An observational prospective study was conducted in a group of patients on hemodialysis with a 10-year follow-up. The study involved 77 patients (42 men and 35 women; mean age 58±15 years) with sinus rhythm, then they were monitored for ECG for six consecutive hemodialysis sessions during recruitment.

Results. Arterial hypertension was present in 68.8% of patients, diabetes mellitus in 29.9% of patients. SVA were reported in 38 patients (49.3%); they all had a short-term, asymptomatic character and were terminated independently. Age (hazard ratio [HR] 1.04 per year; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00-1.08) and an increase of the atrium (HR 4.29; 95%CI 1.30-14.09) were associated with supraventricular arrhythmia in multidimensional analysis. During an average follow-up of 40 months, 57 patients died, and cardiovascular diseases were the main cause of death (52.6%). Variables associated with all-cause mortality in the Cox model were age (HR 1.04 per year; 95%CI 1.00-1.08), C-reactive protein (HR 1.04 per 1 mg/l; 95%CI 1.00-1.08) and supraventricular arrhythmias (HR 3.21; 95%CI 1.29-7.96). Patients with supraventricular arrhythmias also had a higher risk of nonfatal cardiovascular events (HR 4.32; 95%CI 2.11-8.83) and symptomatic atrial fibrillation during observation (HR 17.19; 95%CI 2.03-145.15).

Conclusions. Strong relationships have been established between the presence of supraventricular arrhythmias recorded during ECG during dialysis and symptomatic AF developing in the future. Patients with supraventricular arrhythmias had a larger right atrium. Age and supraventricular arrhythmias are the main variables associated with mortality in dialysis patients.
Democratic Leadership and Decisions Making on Education in Islamic Perspective
Authors: Syam Aldo Redho , Supriyanto Achmad , Mustiningsih Mustiningsih
Published: March 2021

Abstract: This research aimed to determine democratic leadership and decisions making on education in Islamic perspective at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Pesantren Anak Sholeh Baitul Qur’an Gontor Ponorogo. This research used descriptive qualitative research with data collection methods through interviews, observations, and documentation, as well as Miles and Hubberman data analysis, including data analysis, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research indicate that democratic leadership principal of school and making decisions on education in Islamic perspective at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Pesantren Anak Sholeh Baitul Qur’an Gontor Ponorogo has been carried out properly in accordance with Quran, in Ash-Shura: verse: 38, which is reflected in every decision. The school principal always decides through a deliberative forum together with the teachers openly, responsively, responsibly, and trustfully, by promoting the principle of togetherness and kindship.  ملخص: الهدف من هذا البحث هو معرفة قيادة الديمقراطية ووضع السياسات والقرارات التعليمية علي نظرية الإسلام في المدرسة الابتدائية معهد ولد الصالح بيت القرآن فونوروكو. يستخدم هذا البحث البحث النوعي الوصفي مع أسلوب جمع البيانات من خلال المقابلات والملاحظات والتوثيق، وكذلك استخدام تحليل بيانات على نموذج ميليس وهوبيرمين، الذي يشمل على تحليل البيانات، وعرض البيانات، وأخذ الاستنباط. تشير نتائج هذا البحث إلى أن: قيادة الديمقراطية مدير المدرسة ووضع السياسات والقرارات التعليمية في المدرسة الابتدائية معهد ولد الصالح بيت القرآن فونوروكو، تم تنفيذها بشكل جيد ومناسب بالقرآن في سورة الشورى: الآية ٤٣، ويظهر ذلك عند ما توجد مشكلات التعليم والتربية، فالمدير يحلها دائما من خلال التشاور مع المعلمين منفتحا، ومستجيبا، ومسؤولا،  بتقديم مراعاة مبدأ العمل الجماعي والأسري.
Structured Multidomain Cognitive Rehabilitation for Stroke: Findings From an Observational Cohort Study
Authors: NG Sheng Chun , Ong Angeline Pei Xuan , Wong Fennie Choy Chin , Chua Esther Vanessa , Saffari Seyed Ehsan , Lim Linda Lay Hoon , Silva Eveline , Ng Kok Pin , Kandiah Nagaendran
Published: March 2021

BackgroundPersons with mild stroke experience minimal functional difficulties; nonetheless, they are at elevated risk for post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) and cognitive decline. AimsWe report outcomes from an observational cohort study of a structured, multidomain intervention for persons with mild strokes. MethodsThe Stroke Memory RehabiliTation (SMaRT) program comprises weekly two-hour group sessions for six weeks on cognitive strategies, lifestyle and relaxation. Participants were recruited from a tertiary hospital between June 2018 to September 2019. They had MRI-confirmed ischemic strokes with mild functional difficulties (modified Rankin Scale score ≤3). Participants underwent assessments and questionnaires at baseline, 1-week post-program, 3 months post-program, and 6 months post-program. Results Participants (N=108, mean age=63.54±9.22, 31.5% female) demonstrated significant improvement in cognition, mood, activities of daily living (ADL) and quality of life (QOL) (ps<0.05) across timepoints. Participants performed significantly better at 6 months post-program compared to baseline on cognitive tests (MoCA 24.47±3.22 vs. 25.80±2.83, Beta=1.26, 95% CI(0.78,1.74)), p<.001; Visual Cognitive Assessment Test (22.74±3.98 vs. 24.76±3.68, Beta=2.04, 95% CI(1.44,2.65), p<.001); 87% of participants maintained or improved in performance. At 6 months post-program, participants reported greater functional independence (Nottingham Extended ADLs Questionnaire Beta=4.20, 95% CI(2.63,5.77), p<.001); fewer depressive symptoms (Geriatric Depression Scale Beta=-1.44, 95% CI(-1.94, -0.94), p<.001); and improved QOL (Dementia-QOL Questionnaire Beta=5.28, 95% CI(1.09, 2.57), p<.001). ConclusionsThe SMaRT program is a cost-effective, scalable, structured program for PSCI. Findings suggest its potential effectiveness in reducing cognitive decline and improving other domains of well-being, with carry-over benefits after 6 months.
Impact of a Multiobject-directed Spatial Orientation Ability on Air Traffic Conflict Detection Performance in Free Route Airspace
Authors: Zhong Jimmy Y. , Goh Sim Kuan , Woo Chuan Jie , Alam Sameer
Published: March 2021

With a focus on psychometric assessment, the current study investigated the extent to which spatial orientation ability (SOA), as conceptualized in the spatial cognition and navigation literature, predicted air traffic conflict detection performance in a simulated free route airspace (FRA). Within a FRA, airspace users have the flexibility to plan flights by selecting preferred routes between predefined waypoints. Despite such benefits, FRA implementation can introduce conflicts that are geometrically complex, and of which would require a high level of SOA engagement. Based on a sample of 20 young adults who have the prospect to become air traffic controllers (ATCOs), we found that response time-based performance on a newly developed computerized spatial orientation test (SOT) predicted time to loss of minimum separation (tLMS)-based performance on a conflict detection task to a moderately large extent under scenarios with high air traffic density. We explained these findings in light of similar or overlapping mental processes that were most likely activated optimally under task conditions featuring approximately equal numbers of outcome-relevant stimuli. We also discussed the potential use of the new SOT in relation to the selection of prospective ATCOs who can demonstrate high levels of conflict detection performance in FRA during training simulations.
Selective Control of the Contact and Transport between Droplet Pairs by Electrowetting-on-Dielectric for Droplet-Array Sandwiching Technology
Authors: Konishi Satoshi , Oya Chikara , Yamada Tatsuhiro
Published: March 2021

On-chip technology continuously explores and provides novel methods for high-throughput drug screening, such as droplet-array sandwiching technology. Droplet-array sandwiching technology involves upper and lower substrates with a droplet-array designed for a one-step process for drug screening, including cell-based screening. This technology is, however, limited to batch manipulation of the droplet-array. This paper proposes selective control of individual droplets, which allows different conditions for individual droplet pairs. Electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) technology is introduced to control the height of the droplets so that the contact between droplet-pairs can be individually controlled. Circular patterns 4 mm in diameter composed of electrodes for EWOD and hydrophilic-hydrophobic patterns for droplet formation 4 μl in volume were developed. This paper presents and examines the selective control of the droplet height by EWOD for an applied voltage up to 160 V, followed by successful results of selective control of the contact and transport of substances.
Comparison of prevalence and risk factors of somatization between Chinese health care workers and non-health care workers during COVID-19 outbreak
Authors: Song Xiuli , Zhou Yongjie , Rao Wenwang , Zhang Xiangyang
Published: March 2021

Background: This study aimed to compare prevalence and risk factors of somatization (SOM) between health care workers and non-health care workers during COVID-19 outbreak in China. Methods: From 14 February to 29 March 2020, an online survey was performed in both 605 health care workers and 1151 non-health care workers. Based on the somatization dimension score of the Symptom Checklist-90, participants were divided into non-SOM group and SOM group. Results: Health care workers had higher prevalence rate of SOM (p < 0.001) than non-health care workers, with an OR of 1.70 (95% CI: 1.22–2.36, p = 0.002). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that in non-health care workers, the risk factors of SOM included other ethnicities, insomnia, and suicide, while in health care workers, the risk factors included working 6-8 hours per day, and working ≥10 hours per day during COVID-19 outbreak. Conclusions: Our research suggests that both non-health care workers and health care workers have a relatively high prevalence of somatization. However, the related factors for somatization in both groups are significantly different, showing that medical service-related factors are associated with somatization in health care workers, while demographic and clinical factors are associated with somatization in non-health care workers.
Arrowroot Starch-Based Films Incorporated With a Carnauba Wax Nanoemulsion, Cellulose Nanocrystals, and Essential Oils: a New Functional Material for Food Packaging Applications
Authors: Filho Josemar Gonçalves de Oliveira , Albiero Beatriz Regina , Cipriano Lavínia , Bezerra Carmen Cris de Oliveira Nobre , Oldoni Fernanda Campos Alencar , Egea Mariana Buranelo , Azeredo Henriette Monteiro Cordeiro de , Ferreira Marcos David
Published: March 2021

Arrowroot starch (AA)-based films incorporated with a carnauba wax nanoemulsion (CWN), cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), and essential oils (EOs) from Mentha spicata (MEO) and Cymbopogon martinii (CEO) were produced using the casting technique and then characterized in terms of their water barrier, tensile, thermal, optical, and microstructural properties and in vitro antifungal activity against Rhizopus stolonifer and Botrytis cinerea. Whereas the incorporation of CNCs decreased the moisture content and water vapor permeability of the AA/CWN/CNC film, the additional incorporation of either EO decreased the transparency and affected the microstructure of the AA/CWN/CNC/EO nanocomposites. MEO and CEO incorporation improved the thermal stability of the films and provided excellent protection against fruit-spoiling fungi. Because of their excellent barrier properties against fungal growth, water vapor permeability, and ultraviolet and visible light, these AA/CWN/CNC/EO films have promising potential for application as active food packaging or coating materials.
Effects of Orthogonal Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of GN9 Ferritic/Martensitic steel
Authors: Ma Tingwei , Hao Xianchao , Wang Ping
Published: March 2021

Microstructure and mechanical properties of GN9 Ferritic/Martensitic steel for sodium-cooled fast reactors have been investigated through orthogonal design and analysis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), tensile and impact tests were used to evaluate the heat treatment parameters on yield strength, elongation and ductile-to-brittle transition temperature (DBTT). The results indicate that the microstructures of GN9 steel after orthogonal heat treatments consist of tempered martensite, M23C6, MX carbides and MX carbonitrides. The average prior austenite grains increase and the lath width decreases with the austenitizing temperature increasing from 1000 oC to 1080 oC. Tempering temperature is the most important factor that influences the dislocation evolution, yield strength and elongation compared with austenitizing temperature and cooling methods. Austenitizing temperature, tempering temperature and cooling methods show interactive effects on DBTT. Carbide morphology and distribution, which is influenced by austenitizing and tempering temperatures, is the critical microstructural factor that influences the Charpy impact energy and DBTT. Based on the orthogonal design and microstructural analysis, the optimal heat treatment of GN9 steel is austenitizing at 1000 oC for 0.5 h followed by air cooling and tempering at 760 oC for 1.5 h.
An Environmentally Friendly Nanocomposite Polypyrrole@Silver/Reduced Graphene Oxide With High Catalytic Activity for Bacteria and Antibiotics
Authors: Liu Chun , Chen Fangyan , Tang Yu-bin , Huo Peng-wei
Published: March 2021

In this study, PPy@Ag/rGO nanocomposites were successfully synthesized via the one-pot hydrothermal mothed using graphene oxide, pyrrole monomer and silver nitrate. The structures and morphologies of as-obtained PPy@Ag/rGO ternary nanocomposites were systematically investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). It was found that the PPy@Ag NPs were well-distributed on the reduction graphene oxide nanoflakes. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) demonstrated that the PPy@Ag/rGO had enhanced antimicrobial efficiency with Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria compared with that at the same concentration of silver. From liquid antibacterial cycle experiments, the addition of polypyrrole contributes to the stability of nanosilver and reducing the loss of nanosilver. After several cycles, the antibacterial rate of PPy@Ag/rGO nanomaterials can still be maintained above 90%. In addition, the photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline (TC) under visible light displayed that the composite had good photocatalytic activity and catalytic stability.
Genotype Imputation in Case-Only Studies of Gene-Environment Interaction: Validity and Power
Authors: Aleknonytė-Resch Milda , Szymczak Silke , Freitag-Wolf Sandra , Dempfle Astrid , Krawczak Michael
Published: March 2021

Case-only (CO) studies are a powerful means to uncover gene-environment (G×E) interactions for complex human diseases. Moreover, such studies may in principle also draw upon genotype imputation to increase statistical power even further. However, genotype imputation usually employs healthy controls such as the Haplotype Reference Consortium (HRC) data as an imputation base, which may systematically perturb CO studies in genomic regions with main effects upon disease risk. Using genotype data from 719 German Crohn Disease (CD) patients, we investigated the level of imputation accuracy achievable for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with or without a genetic main effect, and with varying minor allele frequency (MAF). Genotypes were imputed from neighbouring SNPs at different levels of linkage disequilibrium (LD) to the target SNP using the HRC data as an imputation base. Comparison of the true and imputed genotypes revealed lower imputation accuracy for SNPs with strong main effects. We also simulated different levels of G×E interaction to evaluate the potential loss of statistical validity and power incurred by the use of imputed genotypes. Simulations under the null hypothesis revealed that genotype imputation does not inflate the type I error rate of CO studies of G×E. However, the statistical power was found to be reduced by imputation, particularly for SNPs with low MAF, and a gradual loss of statistical power resulted when the level of LD to the SNPs driving the imputation decreased. Our study thus highlights that genotype imputation should be employed with great care in CO studies of G×E interaction.
N6-Methylandenosine-Related lncRNAs Play an Important Role in the Prognosis and Immune Microenvironment of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Hu YuHai , Chen YiPing
Published: March 2021

BackgroundPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive, fatal tumor. N6-methylandenosine (m6A) methylation is the major epigenetic modification of RNA including lncRNAs. The roles of m6A-related lncRNAs in PDAC have not been fully clarified. The aim of this study is to assess gene signatures and prognostic value of m6A-related lncRNAs in PDAC.MethodsThe Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset and the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) dataset were explored to identify m6A-related lncRNAs. Univariate, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and multivariate Cox regression were performed to construct the m6A-related lncRNAs prognostic riskscore (m6A-LPR) model to predict the overall survival (OS) in the TCGA training cohort. Kaplan–Meier curve with log-rank test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to evaluate the prognostic value of the m6A-LPR. Furthermore, the robustness of the m6A-LPR was further validated in the ICGC cohort. Tumor immunity was evaluated using ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithms.ResultsA total of 262 m6A-related lncRNAs were identified in two datasets. In the TCGA training cohort, 28 prognostic m6A-related lncRNAs were identified and the m6A-LPR including four m6A-related lncRNAs was constructed. The m6A-LPR was able to identify high-risk patients with significantly poorer OS and accurately predict OS in both the TCGA training cohort and the ICGC validation cohort. Analysis of tumor immunity revealed that high-risk group had remarkably lower stromal, immune, and ESTIMATE scores. Moreover, high-risk group was associated with significantly higher levels of plasma B cells and resting NK cells infiltration, and lower levels of infiltrating resting memory CD4 T cells, monocytes and resting mast cells.Conclusions﻿Our study proposed a robust m6A-related prognostic signature of lncRNAs for predicting OS in PDAC, which provides some clues for further studies focusing on the mechanism process underlying m6A modification of lncRNAs.
Isolation of Cellulose Nanofibers (CNFs) based on Ball-milling Technique Combined with Supercritical Carbon dioxide/ethanol Pretreatment
Authors: Hu Zhijun , Cao Xinyu , Huang Guanhong , Guo Daliang
Published: March 2021

Here, a new pretreatment method has been developed to produce CNFs from micro-fibrillated cellulose (MFC) by supercritical CO 2 pretreatment followed with ball-milling (SCB). MFC was obtained from cotton stalk by chemical purification.Experimental factors were controlled to enhance the properties of SCB-CNF, meanwhile a comparative study was conducted with the method of TEMPO oxidation and microfluid homogenization (TMH).
Compared to TMH-CNF, the SCB-CNF has such advantages as Energy saving, high efficiency and environmental protection, indicating a wide application in heat-resistant materials, load materials and other fields.
The solid yields of P-MFC after supercritical CO 2 pretreatment gradually decreased together with the temperature and the reaction time.
Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the SCB-CNF and TMH-CNF show that the morphology of the SCB-CNF was basically acicular but that of the TMH-CNF was mainly soft fibrous. The SCB-CNF is smaller in width and shorter in length, and its size is between CNC and CNF.
Thermal gravimetric results suggest that the thermal stability of the SCB-CNF was substantially higher than those of the TMH-CNF.
XRD results indicate that the crystallinity showed an initial increasing trend and then declined with increasing temperature and reaction time, and the crystallinity value of SCB-CNF was larger than that of CNFs. The smaller SCB-CNF became rougher and had a larger surface area. High crystallinity make good thermal stability, short and coarse fiber, easier to disperse than CNF, less energy consumption for dispersion, better than 3D mesh. It can be widely used in polymer composites, reinforcing agents, membrane materials and other fields.
Control unit for active-pulse television systems
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Mishchenko N. I. , Movchan A. K. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Kapustin V. V. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Chaldina E. S. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Akulinichev Yu. P. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Bozhkov V. G. ,   Research Institute of Semiconductor Devices
Published: March 2021

The principles of operation of active-pulse television systems used in robotic complexes, remotely controlled or Autonomous unmanned vehicles are considered. A mode control device is provided that allows to increase the depth of the visibility range and the efficiency of the systems in various environmental conditions as a result of scanning the observation zone by distance.
Software to compare images of the vegetation index obtained by satellite devices and unmanned aircraft
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Kataev M. Yu. , Krylov M. O. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Geiko P. P. ,   Monitoring institute climatic and ecological systems SB RAS
Published: March 2021

At present, the practice of supporting many types of human activities requires the use of the spatial data infrastructure. Such an infrastructure integrates spatio-temporal sets from many sources of information within itself, providing the user with various types of processing, analysis and visualization methods. This article describes the architecture of the software system and the processes for managing sets of spatio-temporal data to solve agricultural problems. Measurement data using multispectral satellite systems, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), as well as a priori information (meteorology, agrochemical information, etc.) are taken as input information. The User of the Software System is provided with the opportunity to control the spatial information of the territory of agricultural fields, sets of temporal data from various spatial data. An important achievement of the work is the combination of the results of satellite and UAV images according to the controlled parameters, that makes possible to expand the area of use of UAVs and verify them. The results of real data processing are presented.
Time-pulse method of single-phase half-bridge inverter control in formation of the harmonic load current
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Shurygin Yu. A. , Zaichenko T. N. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Aristov A. V. ,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University
Published: March 2021

The paper discusses the methods for harmonic current formation in DC to AC converters. The authors propose a timepulse method for control of switches in a half-bridge inverter for formation of the harmonic load current in a wide range of amplitude and output current frequency adjustment.
Political Culture and Citizen Participation: Transiting from Political Space
Authors: Hernandez Judith Josefina , Cordoba Edgar , Chumaceiro Ana Cecilia
Published: March 2021

Societies build their interpretation and representation on the different phenomena in their social, historical and political processes, so also the political culture contains a set of beliefs, ideas, myths, norms, which give it identity, values, and ends. Consequently, from the democratic culture, the citizen is encouraged to move in the public space, determined by actions, and practices. As a result of these relationships, participation mechanisms are institutionalized for the emancipation or defense of citizens against the role of the State that is domination. Characterizing the aspects that involve political culture, participation and citizen action in the democratic political space, is the central object of this dissertation. The systematic review, bibliographic, documentary, and critical analysis, facilitate the method and the achievement of results, it is concluded that democracy as a system of government is characterized by its factual expression of representation and participation, this implies a global interaction with negotiation of the scheme of interests between rulers and ruled.
EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA: olhares sobre estudantes da Educação Especial na Educação de Jovens e Adultos
Authors: Luiz Wesley Oliveira , Teixeira Ricardo Antônio Gonçalves , Oliveira-Silva Iransé
Published: March 2021

Este artigo objetiva delinear o contexto histórico de constituição e aproximações entre as modalidades de Educação de Jovens e Adultos e Educação Especial, analisar as Políticas Públicas a fim de compreender os processos legais que conduziram ao encontro das modalidades a partir da Constituição Federal de 1988. Metodologicamente, caracteriza-se como um estudo de natureza quali-quantitativa, com base documental das políticas de inclusão do Brasil e nos microdados do Censo da Educação Básica do INEP/MEC, que apresenta, entre outros, as matrículas do público-alvo da Educação Especial na EJA (PAEE-EJA). O estudo focaliza na série histórica das matrículas do PAEE-EJA no período de 2007 a 2018, a partir de dados nacionais, regionais e locais, tendo o recorte estabelecido na rede regular de ensino e em Goiânia-GO. Este período é marcado pela implantação do FUNDEB (BRASIL, 2007) e da Política Nacional para a Educação Especial, na perspectiva de inclusão (BRASIL, 2008), movimentos que integram as modalidades e estabelece políticas de cômputo orçamentário em função das matrículas. Sinteticamente, os resultados evidenciam aumento de 190,0% de matrículas de pessoas com Deficiência, Transtorno Global do Desenvolvimento e Altas Habilidades ou Superdotação na EJA, no cotejamento de 2018 para 2007. A maior concentração está na rede pública de ensino com 97,4% do PAEE-EJA. Apresenta grande número de pessoas jovens e adultas, sendo a maior parte do sexo masculino (70,0%). Entre as necessidades especiais, destaca-se a deficiência intelectual com 78,5% do total de estudantes.  Como síntese, ao analisarmos as legislações, verifica-se, dentre outros, que, na tentativa da aproximação da educação especial com a educação regular, especificamente na modalidade da Educação de Jovens e Adultos, os números revelaram, historicamente, uma tímida tentativa de se superar a velha dicotomia entre ensino regular e especializado na educação nacional.
Avaliação de diferentes técnicas de medição do oxigênio dissolvido para o saneamento básico
Authors: Mendes Thiago Augusto , Alves Fernanda Caroline Romanielo , Ferreira Diandra , Mendes Daniel , Cuba Renata Medici Frayne
Published: March 2021

O oxigênio dissolvido (OD) é um dos principais parâmetros de avaliação da qualidade de águas e efluentes. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar a diferença de OD medido em diferentes amostras de água e esgoto provenientes de Estações de Tratamento de Esgoto (ETE’s) através de oxímetros eletroquímico e óptico (ODm e ODo), avaliando-se também a influência dos parâmetros físicos de turbidez e sólidos suspensos totais. Os resultados mostraram que os valores de ODo foram sempre superiores aos ODm, tanto para as amostras à montante quanto jusante, ou seja, para valores de OD maiores que 4,0 mg L-1. Para amostras com baixas concentrações de OD (menores que 4,0 mg L-1), ambos oxímetros utilizados detectaram níveis de OD próximos (cerca de 14,3% de diferença), não sofrendo influência da turbidez e sólidos dissolvidos. Assim, deve-se atentar para aplicabilidade e finalidade, faixas de medição, precisão e acurácia dos diferentes tipos de oxímetros para os usos em recursos hídricos ou em esgotos sanitários.
Internal consistency and factorial structure of the New Revised Ecological Paradigm Scale on university students from the southeast of Mexico
Authors: Sanchez Dominguez Juan Pablo , Lara Severino Reyna del Carmen , Cerón-Bretón Julia Griselda , Cerón-Bretón Rosa María
Published: March 2021

A nova Escala de Paradigma Ecológico revisada (NEP-R) traduzida para o espanhol é um instrumento amplamente utilizado em vários países, culturas e populações para medir as crenças ambientais das pessoas. Dada a discrepância em sua dimensionalidade relatada em estudos anteriores e como não há relatos de suas propriedades psicométricas da escala NEP-R na população universitária mexicana, eles foram analisados. A escala foi aplicada a 503 estudantes da Universidade Autônoma do Carmen, de diferentes entidades federais do sudeste do México. A consistência interna (α de Cronbach) da escala NEP-R foi analisada e uma análise fatorial exploratória (AFE) com rotação varimax foi realizada. A descoberta revelou um ótimo coeficiente de consistência interna (α = 0,702) e uma estrutura de dois fatores (ecocentrismo e antropocentrismo), que juntos representam 43,272% da variância total em uma versão da escala de 9 itens. Concluise que a escala NEP.R é uma ferramenta útil. No entanto, é imperativo avaliar sua confiabilidade e dimensionalidade para diferentes populações-alvo.
A China colonial: reflexões do exílio uigur
Authors: Olivieri Chiara
Published: March 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é refletir, de uma perspectiva decolonial, e a partir das histórias de vida das comunidades uigures exiladas, sobre os mecanismos de colonialidade do poder, do conhecimento e do ser e da apropriação de recursos naturais e humanos que o governo central da República Popular da China (RPC) se aplica à Região Autônoma do Uigur de Xinjiang (XUAR). Através de uma problematização das categorias impostas, tentaremos refletir sobre as políticas subalternizantes do governo do Partido Comunista Chino (PCC) na RPC, investigando suas origens num nível historiográfico e ideológico, enfatizando a natureza colonial e extrativista de algumas medidas invisíveis e proibicionistas em relação às características de identidade do povo uigur. As histórias dos sobreviventes são construídas em torno de eixos que nutrem não apenas um espaço acadêmico, mas constituem sua própria entidade neste estudo: a migração é entendida a partir de um conceito de corpos com sentimentos e emoções, subalternizados pelo sistema; a violência que esses corpos recebem, religião, morte, adquirem aqui uma dimensão física e ontológica que se reflete em todas as histórias de vida, nos olhares e cicatrizes das pessoas entrevistadas, em suas vozes e lágrimas.
YAŞLILARDA COVID-19 PANDEMİ SÜRECİNDE BİLİNÇLİ FARKINDALIK, BAŞA ÇIKMA TUTUMLARI VE KİŞİSEL İYİ OLUŞ
Authors: İNEL MANAV Ayşe , ATİK Derya , COŞKUN Ejdane , BOZKURT Adile
Published: March 2021

Giriş: Bu araştırmada, COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde yaşlıların bilinçli farkındalık, başa çıkma tutumları ve kişisel iyi oluşlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipte olan araştırma, Nisan-Haziran 2020 tarihlerinde, Osmaniye Merkez ilçesinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemine 536 yaşlı birey alınmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu, Bilinçli Farkındalık Ölçeği, Başa Çıkma Tutumları Değerlendirme Ölçeği ve Kişisel İyi Oluş İndeksi-Yetişkin formu ile toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan yaşlıların yaş ortalaması 70,01±6,20 yıl, %55,4’ü kadın, %83’ü evli ve %56,5’i çekirdek ailede yaşamaktadır. Yaşlıların Bilinçli Farkındalık Ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması 57,25±15,34, KİOİ-Y toplam puan ortalaması 52,7±13 ve Başa Çıkma Tutumları Değerlendirme Ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması 80,85±12,52’dir. Yaşlıların Bilinçli Farkındalık Ölçeği toplam puan ortalamaları ile çocuk sahibi olma durumu, Kişisel İyi Oluş İndeksi -Yetişkin formu toplam puan ortalamaları, Başa Çıkma Tutumları Değerlendirme Ölçeği Yaklaşım alt boyutu puan ortalamaları arasında pozitif yönlü anlamlı ilişki var iken (p<0,001), Başa Çıkma Tutumları Değerlendirme Ölçeği Kendine Ceza ve Sakınma Kaçınma alt boyutu puan ortalamaları arasında negatif yönlü anlamlı ilişki vardır (p<0,05). Yaşlıların Başa Çıkma Tutumları Değerlendirme Ölçeği toplam puan ortalamaları ile cinsiyet ve yaş arasında negatif yönlü anlamlı ilişki vardır (p<0,05). Yaşlıların Kişisel İyi Oluş İndeksi-Yetişkin formu toplam puan ortalamaları çocuk sahibi ve sosyal güvencesi olanlarda anlamlı düzeyde artarken, kronik hastalığı olan ve geliri giderinden az olanlarda anlamlı düzeyde azalmaktadır (p<0,05). Sonuç: Araştırmanın sonucunda; COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde yaşlıların bilinçli farkındalık düzeylerindeki artışın stresle başa çıkmada adaptif tutumlarını ve kişisel iyi oluşlarını arttırdığı görülmektedir. Yaşlılarda kişisel kaynaklar stresle başa çıkma tutumlarını etkilemektedir.
Toronto's 2018 Municipal Election, Rights of Democratic Participation, and Section 2(b) of the Charter
Authors: Cameron Jamie , Fox Bailey
Published: March 2021

In 2018, the City of Toronto’s municipal election overlapped with a provincial election that brought a new government to office. While the municipal election ran for a protracted period from May 1 to October 22, the provincial election began on May 9 and ended about four weeks later, on June 7.1 On July 27, after only a few weeks in office, the provincial government tabled the Better Local Government Act (BLGA) and proclaimed the Bill into law on August 14.2 The BLGA reduced Toronto City Council from 47 to 25 wards and reset the electoral process, mandating that the election proceed under a different concept of representation for City Council.3