bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Number of Germs on the Inner Layer of a Cloth Mask
Authors:   Department of Environmental Health, Health Polytechnic of the Ministry of Health Yogyakarta Indonesia, Herawati Lucky
Published: February 2024

The effectiveness of cloth masks is determined, among other things, by the filtration ability of the type of material used and the number of layers. There is still little information about the effectiveness of using cloth masks in terms of the number of germs and the length of time they are used. The study aimed to determine the number of germs present in 3-kind cloth of masks made from different types of materials and different durations of use.
Basic Trust is Crucial for Life. How Can a Newborn Child Gain Basic Trust?
Authors:   HolisticCenter, 13 Haupt St. Abtwil 9030, Switzerland, Doepp Manfred
Published: February 2024

A decisive course for life is set in the earliest phase, namely during the birth trauma and in the immediately following postpartum minutes. Here the newborn either gains its basic confidence for life or not. The consequences are not only significant for the individual, but also for society as a whole, which has to pay for the costs of psychological problems as part of health insurance solidarity. The behavior of the obstetrician, but above all the midwife, is important. The newborn needs attention, warmth and immediate contact with the mother. This empathy would be an "investment" that would certainly pay off for everyone involved.
Empowering the Future Transformative Education Practices in Myanmar
Authors: Htet Kyaw
Published: February 2024

This research explores the landscape of transformative education in Myanmar through a quantitative study involving 300 participants across diverse educational levels. The demographic analysis reveals a balanced gender distribution and representation across primary, secondary, and tertiary education, providing a comprehensive understanding of transformative education's potential impact. Perceptions of the current education system highlight strengths in curriculum and infrastructure satisfaction but signal opportunities for improvement in technology access. Participants' active engagement in transformative practices, such as workshops, technology integration, and critical thinking activities, suggests a substantial foundation for transformative education. The implications call for targeted investments in technology, professional development for educators, and a reevaluation of curricular frameworks. Myanmar stands at the threshold of educational transformation, and this study serves as a call to action for collaborative efforts to propel the nation into a new era of empowerment and innovation. The limitations of the study are acknowledged, and future research is encouraged to delve deeper into transformative education dynamics in Myanmar.
Фарғона водийси вилоятларида бошланғич таълим муассасалари ривожланишининг хусусиятлари
Authors: Базарова Иродахон
Published: February 2024

Ушбу мақолада Ўзбекистон Республикаси мустақиллиги йилларида амалга оширилган таълим соҳасидаги ислоҳотларнинг ўзига хос жиҳатлари ўрганилган. Хусусан, бошланғич таълим муассасаларининг ривожланиш жараёнлари Фарғона водийси вилоятлари мисолида ёритилган.
Islom moliya huquqi manbalari va aksar xorijiy mamlakatlarda islom moliyaviy xizmatlarini tashkil etishda tutgan o‘rni
Authors: Ubaydullayev Abror
Published: February 2024

Mazkur maqolada Islom moliya huquqi tushunchasi va uning manbalari haqida so‘z borgan. Shuningdek, islom moliya huquqining asosiy va qo‘shimcha manbalari tavsifi, ularning zamonaviy moliyaviy tendensiyalardagi ishtiroki hamda islom moliya sohasi rivojlanib borayotgan sharq va g‘arb mamlakatlaridagi qo‘llanilish doirasi atroflicha tahlil qilingan. Maqolada islom moliya huquqi manbalarining izchil iyerarxiyasi hamda milliy va xorijiy mamlakatlardagi islom moliya huquqini rivojlantirishdagi ishtirokiga batafsil to‘xtalib o‘tilgan.
Umumta’lim maktablarida tarix fanini o‘qitishning muammo va yechimlari
Authors: Shodmonov Baxtiyor
Published: February 2024

Ushbu maqolada umumta’lim maktablarida tarix fanini o‘qitishning interfaol yondashuvli, samarali jihatlari hamda bu boradagi mavjud o‘ziga xos muammolarning pedagogik mahorat va pedagogik texnologiyalar asosidagi yechimlariga oid takliflar va tavsiyalar berilgan.
Pedagogika oliy ta’lim muassasalarida steam-ta’limni tatbiq etishning pedagogik zarurati
Authors: Sobirov Avazbek
Published: February 2024

Maqolada STEAM ta’limni pedagog kadrlar tayyorlash mazmuniga singdirish, uning afzalliklari bayon etilgan. Shuningdek, STEAM ta’limni tatbiq etishning innovatsion shakllari hamda didaktik imkoniyatlari ilmiy tahlil qilingan.
Yoshlarni milliy qadriyatlar asosida oilaviy hayotga tayyorlash va uning huquqiy asoslari
Authors: Solixo‘jaeva Dildora
Published: February 2024

Mazkur maqolada davlatimiz tomonidan oila masalalariga qaratilgan jiddiy e’tibor, oilaning jamiyat va shaxsning barqaror rivojlanishi uchun tutgan o‘rni bilan bog‘liq. Muallif tomonidan oilani mustahkamlash, sog‘lom va baxtli onalik va bolalik uchun zarur shart-sharoitlar oilaviy qadriyatlar to‘g‘risidagi tasavvurlari, fikrlari, qarashlari, munosabatlarini o‘rganishga qaratilgan sotsiologik tadqiqotlar, ijtimoiy so‘rovnoma natijalari tahlili va ilmiy-amaliy xulosalar berilgan. Shu bilan birga, O‘zbekistonda yoshlarni milliy qadriyatlar ruhida mustaqil hayotga tayyorlash, uning huquqiy asoslari va tashkiliy mexanizmlari, shuningdek, tazyiq va zo‘ravonlikka qarshi kurashish masalalariga ham e’tibor qaratilgan.
Ўзбекистон Республикасида арбитраж келишувини ҳуқуқий тартибга солиш
Authors: Махмудов Хуршид
Published: February 2024

Ушбу мақолада Ўзбекистон Республикасида арбитраж келишувларини қонуний тартибга солишнинг мавжуд асосий ёндашувлари кўриб чиқилади. Муаллиф Ўзбекистон Республикасининг “Халқаро тижорат арбитражи тўғрисида” ги Қонуни, ҳамда Тошкент халқаро арбитраж маркази (TIAC)га Ўзбекистон Республикасидаги етакчи арбитраж институти сифатида ўз эътиборини қаратади ва арбитраж келишувини ҳуқуқий тартибга солишнинг Хитой модели билан таққослайди. Таҳлил натижасида муаллиф арбитраж келишувларини оптималлаштириш учун Ўзбекистон Республикаси қонунчилигига ўзгартириш киритиш зарур деган хулосага келади.
Qadimgi sharqda kambag‘allikni qisqartirish va ijtimoiy ximoya masalalari
Authors: Nematova Dilfuza
Published: February 2024

VII—VIII aslarda Markaziy Osiyoga Islom dining kirib kelishi bilan kambag‘allik masalasiga undan oldingi dinlarga qaraganda bir muncha keng va kuchli diniy g‘oyalar bilan yondashila boshlandi. Islom dini musulmonlarga nafaqat jismoniy ibodatlar balki, moliyaviy ibodatlar qilishni ham buyuruvchi dindir. Sharq mutafakkirlarining asarlarida va turli diniy qarashlarda  esa kambag‘allarga va qashshoqlarga yordam berish, ularga zulm qilmaslik, aksincha, ularni kambag‘allikdan chiqarish masalasi nazariy asoslangan. Ko‘p sonli kambag‘allarning mavjudligi davlat va jamiyat mustahkamligi uchun uchun zararli ekanligi va mamlakatda kambag‘al insonlarni ham mulkka egalik qilish uchun ilk qarashlarni Eron, O‘rta Osiyo va Ozarbayjonda keng tarqalgan Mazdakiylik diniy falsafiy ta’limotining asoschisi Mazdak ibn Hamdadoniyning qarashlarida ko‘rish mumkin.
Bo‘lajak shifokorlarning muvaffaqiyatli faoliyatini rivojlantirishda hissiy va kommunikativ kompetensiyaning ahamiyati
Authors: Djamaldinova Shaxlo
Published: February 2024

Mazkur maqolada hozirgi vaqtda tibbiyot xodimlariga nisbatan bemorlar va ularning oila a’zolari bilan samarali muloqot qilish, empatiya kabi hissiy muloqot qobiliyatlariga bo‘lgan ehtiyoj ortib borayotganligi, o‘z o‘rnida ushbu ko‘nikmalar yuqori sifatli parvarish va bemorning talablarini qondirish uchun zarurligi haqida fikrlar bildirilgan. Shuningdek, muvaffaqiyatli ish faoliyatini rivojlantirish va shaxsiy farovonlik uchun hissiy-kommunikativ kompetensiya muhimligini tasdiqlovchi ko‘plab ilmiy tadqiqotlar, jumladan, uni rivojlantirish va o‘qitish usullari tahlil qilingan.
Внедоговорные обязательства в социальных сетях: характеристики, классификация и правовое регулирование
Authors: Сафоева Садокат
Published: February 2024

Внедоговорные обязательства в социальных сетях представляют собой современное и сложное явление, которое вызывает необходимость тщательного изучения и правового регулирования. С учетом революционных изменений, происходящих в сфере интернет-взаимодействий, данная статья фокусируется на характеристиках, классификации, особенностях и механизмах возникновения внедоговорных обязательств в социальных сетях. Особое внимание уделено правовым последствиям нарушения таких обязательств, а также перспективам их регулирования в гражданском законодательстве. Статья обосновывает необходимость дальнейшего исследования этого явления, учитывая непрерывное влияние новых технологий и обширное глобальное распространение социальных сетей.
Пробация хизмати фаолиятида ахлоқ тузатиш ишлари жазосининг ўталмаган муддатини енгилроқ жазога алмаштириш борасида айрим мулоҳазалар
Authors: Алтмишев Темурбек
Published: February 2024

Мазкур мақолада пробация хизмати фаолиятида ахлоқ тузатиш ишлари жазосининг ўталмаган муддатини енгилроқ жазога алмаштириш ва жазодан муддатидан илгари озод қилиш борасида ҳуқуқшунос олимлар фикр-мулоҳазалари ва хорижий мамлакатлар тажрибалари атрофлича ўрганилиб, муаллиф томонидан таклиф ҳамда тавсиялар берилган
Дидактическая система индивидуализации обучения иностранному языку студентов экономических вузов
Authors: Рафиева Бунафша
Published: February 2024

В этой статье исследуется концепция автономии учащегося и ее значение в образовании. Автономия учащегося предполагает, что учащиеся активно участвуют в собственном процессе обучения, принимают решения и берут на себя ответственность за свой прогресс. Это поощряет независимость, критическое мышление и любовь к обучению. К характеристикам автономии учащегося относятся самонаправление, саморегуляция и ответственность. Автономия учащихся имеет решающее значение в современном быстро меняющемся мире, поскольку она способствует развитию таких навыков, как решение проблем и творчество, готовит людей к цифровой эпохе и способствует обучению на протяжении всей жизни. Воспитывая самостоятельность учащихся, преподаватели могут дать им возможность добиться успеха на протяжении всей жизни.
Институциональные основы гендерно-правовой экспертизы
Authors: Суфиева Дилафруз
Published: February 2024

В данной статье рассматриваются институциональные основы гендерно-правовой экспертизы. В частности, с учетом мнения различных научных школ дается анализ понятия институциональных основ как системной категории, так и в разбивке на отдельные составляющие, включая организационный, структурный характер. Статья также предоставляет информацию о становлении, развитии и совершенствовании институциональных основ гендерно-правовой экспертизы через призму эволюции государственных органов и негосударственного сектора, которые прямо ответственны за продвижение гендерной политики и вовлечены в этот процесс.
Sportchilarni milliy qadriyatlar ruhida tarbiyalashda sharq mutafakkirlari merosidan foydalanish
Authors: Eshquvvatov To‘lqinjon , Dusmuradov Elbek
Published: February 2024

Maqolada sportchilarni milliy qadriyatlar ruhida tarbiyalashda sharq mutafakkirlari merosidan foydalanishga doir ilmiy izlanishlar, natijalar va xulosalar bayon etilgan. Shuningdek, qadriyatlarning turlari,shakllari sanab o'tilgan.
Основные права и свободы человека
Authors: Шарипова Гульбахор
Published: February 2024

Данная научная статья посвящена основным правам, свободам и обязанностям человека и гражданина. Права человека закреплены и гарантируются нормами различных отраслей права: конституционного, уголовного, гражданского, трудового, административного и др.
Принципы построения экспериментальной программы по практическому курсу русского языка для неязыковых вузов
Authors: Умарова Дилмура
Published: February 2024

В данной статье представлено описание инновационных методик, применяемых в технических вузах Узбекистана для обучения русскому языку как иностранному, а также рассматриваются особенности его преподавания. В статье также представлены предложения по эффективной профилактике проблем, с которыми студенты могут столкнуться в первый год обучения в вузе. Основное внимание уделяется внедрению современных технологий, способствующих более интерактивному взаимодействию между студентами и преподавателями, а также ориентации на заинтересованность студентов с учетом их индивидуальных характеристик.
Katta hamshiralarni tayyorlashda kasbiy kompetensiyani rivojlantirish zarurati
Authors: Qoyilova Mekhriniso
Published: February 2024

Hamshiralik ishi sog'liqni saqlash xodimlarining muhim qismidir. Sog'liqni saqlash tizimining samarali rivojlanishi ko'p jihatdan tibbiyot xodimlarining eng katta tarkibiy qismi sifatida hamshiralarning kasbiy tayyorgarligi darajasiga bog'liq. Uzluksiz kasbiy ta'limda hamshiralarni tayyorlashning asosiy tizimini tashkil etuvchi tushunchalardan biri "kasbiy kompetentsiya" va "hamshiraning kasbiy harakatchanligi" hisoblanadi. Ushbu maqolada tibbiyot xodimlarining hamshiralarning kasbiy tayyorgarligi, zamonaviy sharoitlarda ijodiy qobiliyatlarni va kasbiy kompetensiyasini rivojlantirish zarurati yoritiladi.
Fizika fanidan laboratoriya mashg‘ulotlarini zamonaviy tashkil etish metodikasi
Authors: Karshiboyev Shavkat
Published: February 2024

Ushbu maqolada pedagogika oliy o‘quv yurtlarida laboratoriya ishlarini tashkil etishning zamonaviy usullari va metodlari tadqiq etilgan.
Navoiy viloyatining tashkil etilishi va dastlabki bosqichda maktabgacha ta’lim tizimining tarixiy tahlili
Authors: Shirinova Firuza
Published: February 2024

Mazkur maqolada muallif tomonidan Navoiy viloyatida maktabgacha ta’lim tizimidagi kamchiliklar, muammolar, kadrlar yetishmasligi, qurilish sohasidagi ayrim muammolar keltirilgan. 1992 – 2017-yillarda maktabgacha ta’lim sohasidagi islohotlarning huquqiy bazaviy asoslarining yaratilishi masalalari xususida fikrlar arxiv materiallari asosida yoritilgan.
Reabilitatsiya etilgan shaxsni ishga tiklash
Authors: Ismoilov Kamoliddin
Published: February 2024

Maqolada qonunga xilof ravishda hukm qilingani, qonunga xilof ravishda tibbiy muassasaga joylashtirilgani, ehtiyot chorasi tariqasida qonunga xilof ravishda qamoqqa olingani yoki uy qamog‘iga joylashtirilgani, qonunga xilof ravishda ushlab turilgani tufayli ishdan (lavozimidan) ozod qilingan yoki ishda ayblanuvchi, sudlanuvchi tariqasida ishtirok etishga jalb qilinishi munosabati bilan lavozimidan qonunga xilof ravishda chetlashtirilgan shaxsni oldin ishlagan ishiga yoki lavozimga tiklash bilan bog‘liq amaliy va nazariy muammolar tahlili qilinib, ularni barataf etish bo‘yicha tavlif va tavsiyalar ishlab chiqilgan.
Using the Jaccard similarity method for recommendation system of books
Authors: Madatov Khabibulla , Sattarova Sapura
Published: February 2024

The main goal of pedagogy is to educate the young generation to become mature, knowledgeable and well-rounded individuals in all respects. In this regard, one of the main tasks of the education system is to form a culture of reading among young people, to provide them with textbooks and works of art suitable for their age and intellectual potential. But only if young readers read books suitable for their intellectual potential based on their age characteristics, their knowledge, spirituality, outlook and other positive aspects will develop. If the students do not read the works according to their potential, the reader will not be able to absorb fully the contents of the work he has read, the information in the book will "weight" him. As a result, the reader's desire to read begins to fade. Readers should not read literature that is shallow in content, incompatible with our national spirituality and values, moral standards, and may have a negative impact on the education of young people. Therefore, it is necessary to create a system of recommending works suitable for the intellectual potential of readers. This article examines the application of the Jaccard similarity method to the creation of appropriate reading lists for high school students. For this, a corpus is created on the basis of high-class literature textbooks, and this corpus is compared with literary works. Books with the highest similarity results are recommended for reading. The problem was fully solved on the basis of literature textbooks of 5th-11th grade students and works of art in the Uzbek language.
Yangi О‘zbekistonda fuqarolar ijtimoiy faolligini oshirishda oavning о‘ziga xos xususiyatlari
Authors: Eshbekov Bahodir
Published: February 2024

Mazkur maqolada О‘zbekiston jamiyatida, uning qisqa davrlik istiqlol yillarida, mustaqil va Yangi О‘zbekiston tarixida ommaviy axborot vositalarining davlat va jamiyat hayotida tutgan о‘rni, uning rivojlanish tendensiyalari va bu borada qonunchilikdagi islohotlar hamda demokratik jamiyatni rivojlantirish va jadal islohotlar davriga mos va raqobatbardosh tizimni yaratishning muhim jihatlari kо‘rib chiqilgan.
Masalalar yechishda talabalar faoliyatini oshirishda interaktiv metodlardan foydalanish
Authors: Sotimboyeva Zarifaxon , Umaraliyeva Gavharoy
Published: February 2024

Mazkur maqolada mualliflar tomonidan matematikani o‘qitishda interfaol metodlar va ulardan samarali foydalanish usullari haqida ma’lumotlar berilgan.
Одиллик принципи тушунчаси ва унинг мазмуни
Authors: Ходжаев Шохрух
Published: February 2024

Мақолада жиноий ҳуқуқ принциплари тушунчаси, хусусан одиллик принципининг давлат ва жамият ҳаётида тутган ўрни, кўлами, ахлоқий, тарихий, ҳуқуқий жиҳатлари илмий таҳлил қилинган бўлиб, одиллик принципининг элементлари, категориялари, халқаро-ҳуқуқий ҳужжатлардаги туб моҳияти, етакчи миллий ва хорижий олимларнинг фикр ва мулоҳазалари ўрганилган. Муаллиф томонидан принцип, ҳуқуқ принципи, жиноят-ҳуқуқий принцип тушунчалари, шунингдек умумий ва юридик маънодаги адолат категорияси таҳлиллари асосида таклиф ва тавсиялар берилган.
Antitrust and competition issues in the context of mergers and acquisitions
Authors: Kalandarov Aminjon
Published: February 2024

This article examines antitrust and competition issues in mergers and acquisitions (M&A), focusing on how M&As impact industry competition. It analyzes market concentration, using metrics like the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI), and discusses the effects of increased market dominance, such as reduced competition and higher prices. The article also explores how M&As can lead to monopolies or oligopolies and the regulatory measures in place to prevent such outcomes. Additionally, it addresses anticompetitive practices post-merger, including predatory pricing and exclusive agreements, highlighting the role of regulatory authorities in ensuring fair competition and consumer welfare. This overview provides key insights into the complexities of M&A activities and their regulatory implications.
Chigit yanchilmasiga elektr impulsli ishlov berish bilan moy olish jarayoni optimal rejimlarini aniqlashning matematik modeli
Authors: Turdiboyev Abduvali , Aynakulov Sharafidin , Ziyayeva Sholpan , Artikbayeva Gulstan
Published: February 2024

Ushbu maqolada texnik chigitdan moy olish jarayonini jadallashtirish, presslash usuli yordamida moyni to‘liq siqib olish haqida ma’lumotlar berilgan.  Bunda mahsulotning namlik darajasi, elektr impulsli ishlov berish qurilmasining kondensatori sig‘imi va impulslari soni, razryad kuchlanishi ta’sirida chigit hujayralari va to‘qimalarining shikastlanish darajasi tadqiq qilingan. Moy miqdorini oshirish uchun chigit yanchilmasiga elektr impulsli ishlov beradigan qurilma parametrlari va moy chiqish miqdori orasidagi funksional bog‘liqliklar keltirilgan.
Лингвистик корреляция ва унинг оппозитив тамойиллари
Authors: Садикова Баҳора
Published: February 2024

Мазкур  мақолада  тилшуносликдаги “корреляция”  ҳодисасининг   илмий-назарий  тамойиллари  турли хил қомусий ва изоҳли  луғатлар  асосида  ўрганилган бўлиб,  унинг  бош мезони  ҳисобланмиш “ўзаро боғлиқлик”  тамойилига  нисбатан  субординатив асослар таҳлил қилинди. Хусусан, лисоний  корреляция  назариясининг  асосий  мазмун-моҳияти  нафақат  боғлиқлик ёки  мувофиқлик  тушунчасидан иборат эканлиги, балки, ўрганишлар  натижасида унинг  оппозиция, статистика, мувофиқлик ва тафоввут  тамойиллари орқали намоён  бўладиган лисоний  феномен эканлиги аниқланди.   Шунингдек, унинг  лингвистик  ҳодисаларни  тадқиқ этишга  хос  таҳлил  методи, яъни  корреляцион  метод  сифатида  қўлланишини  тавсифлаш  орқали  замонавий  тилшуносликка хос  айрим  умумкоррелятив  хусусиятлар конкретлаштирилди.
Külpolitikai törésvonalak az Amerikai Egyesült Államokban az orosz–ukrán háború kapcsán
Authors: Holányi Ákos , Sebők Miklós
Published: February 2024

A 2022 óta zajló orosz–ukrán háborúban az Egyesült Államok Ukrajna kulcsfontosságú gazdasági és katonai szövetségeseként lépett fel. Bár a Biden-adminisztráció határozottan kiállt Ukrajna győzelemig tartó támogatása mellett, döntését a politikai eliten belül nem övezte teljes konszenzus. Tanulmányunk az amerikai külpolitikai ideológiák és politikai polarizáció szakirodalmára építve a politikai eliten belüli geopolitikai törésvonalakat vizsgálja. Ennek kapcsán a 2024-es elnökjelöltek megszólalásait, valamint a 118. Kongresszus Ukrajnával kapcsolatos törvényjavaslatait és törvényjavaslat-módosításait elemezzük. A jelöltek és képviselők három fő csoportját azonosítjuk a háború kapcsán (héják, mérsékeltek, izolacionisták), valamint a Republikánus Pártra jellemző alacsonyabb külpolitikai frakciófegyelem és nagyobb ideológiai eltérések okait is értékeljük.
LSB8 using DSF to Hide Secret Message
Authors: Al Qadi Ziad , Hatamleh Hussein Najeeb
Published: February 2024

An efficient method of message steganography will be proposed, the method will use 8 bits from the speech sample binary value to hold one character from the secret message, thus the capacity hiding will equal the covering DSF size. Using lower LSBs of the speech sample binary value will not much affect the sample value, so the quality of the stego DSF will be excellent and the stego file will be closed to the covering file. The proposed method will add an extra security issues by using a private key, this key will be used to calculate the starting sample where to start characters hiding, it will determine the starting LSB to get the set of 8 LSBs, and it will be also used to generate eight element chaotic key, this key will be converted to 8 orders of LSBs to hide the bits of characters, these bit will be not consecutive. The PK will a long enough long provide a good key space capable to resist hacking attempt and the extracted message will be very sensitive to the selected values of the private key. The proposed method will provide enhancements in the quality, security, speed and sensitivity of message steganography, these enhancements will be proved based on the discussing of obtained experimental results.
A Randomized Controlled Study of Improving Patient Satisfaction With Community Health Services Through Health Promotion Interventions in Xian, China
Authors: Li Huan , Kye Mon Min Swe , Jabbar Mohammed Abdulrazzaq , Ching Siew Mooi , Foo Chai Nien
Published: February 2024

Introduction: This study examines the effectiveness of health promotion in improving patient satisfaction with community health services. Methods: We conducted a single-blind randomized controlled trial on the patients from the Community Health Service Centres of Xi’an, China, from June to August 2022. The participants were randomly assigned to either an intervention group or a placebo group. Both groups received 3-week WeChat education, with the intervention group receiving online intervention education including 9 items, such as about community health service, the rights and welfare of patients, the basic workflow of staff, routine medical examination items for patients, common medical knowledge, nutrition during COVID-19 pandemic, doctor-patient communication skill and medical advice and discussion, while the placebo group received related information about health care and health. Data were collected before and after the intervention, and the results were measured using a social demographic questionnaire and the Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (PSQ-18), which were analysed using SPSS 23.0 version. Results: In the study, 312 patients were enrolled, with 156 assigned to the intervention group and 156 assigned to the placebo group. The Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (PSQ-18) revealed that the general satisfaction domain showed the most improvement, increasing from Mean (SD)=3.474 (0.060) to Mean (SD)=3.994 (0.045) before the intervention. Results from the two-way repeated measures ANOVA show that time has a significant effect on patient satisfaction particularly the general satisfaction, technical quality, communication, financial aspect, and time spent. Conclusions: The intervention significantly improved patient satisfaction in the intervention group compared to the placebo group, particularly in the areas of general satisfaction, technical quality, communication, and time spent (test within subjects). Statistically significant differences were observed in mean values before and after the intervention.
Views and Factors Influencing Primary Care Practitioner (PCP) Interactions With the Pharmaceutical Industry’s Representatives in Malaysia: A Multi-sectors Qualitative Study
Authors: Salim Hani , Lee Ping Yein , Ching Siew Mooi , Mawardi Maliza , Wan Idris Wan Noor Azlin , Harrun Noor Harzana
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Pharmaceutical companies invested billions in direct marketing to medical practitioners as it increased sales of prescription drugs. Medical professionals believed that their decision-makings was not influenced by such interactions, but studies have shown that engaging with the industry and accepting gifts might lead to impulses to reciprocate, such as prescribing marketed drugs. This study explored the views and experiences of PCP on interactions with the pharmaceutical industry’s representatives. Methods: We used qualitative methods using semi-structured interviews among primary care practitioners from three sectors; academic, public and private. Participants were purposively sampled from various sectors. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed thematically. Results: A total of 32 participants were interviewed. The ages of the participants ranged from 33 to 53 years. Most of the participants were female, of Malay ethnicity and from the public sector. Four themes emerged from the analysis: (1) Perceived impact of interactions on prescribing habits, (2) Perceived benefit and harm of interactions, (3) Previous positive or negative encounters, (4) the role of geographical, organisational and policy. Conclusion: The study highlighted the views and factors influencing PCP interactions with the representatives of the pharmaceutical industry in Malaysia. Understanding PCPs’ viewpoints on such interactions could help PCP better navigate their future interactions without compromising their clinical decision-making through multi-agency collaborations and actions.
Weight Change at 12 Months among Hormonal Contraceptive Users at Nur Sejahtera Clinics of National Population and Family Development Board (LPPKN): A Retrospective Study
Authors: Zaini Hanis Harlida , Cheong Ai Theng , Abdul Manaf Abdul Hadi
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Weight gain was among the most common side effects that caused women to discontinue using hormonal contraception. However, previous literature had reported inconsistent findings of the association between hormonal contraception and weight change. This study aimed to determine the impact of hormonal contraceptive use on weight gain and factors associated with weight gain among the hormonal contraceptive users. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in four Nur Sejahtera Clinics using universal sampling method between September to November 2021. This study recruited women that had been using the hormonal contraception continuously for at least 12 months and had their weight measure at baseline and 12 months. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristic of the participant, weight measurement at baseline and 12 months and the type of hormonal contraception used were retrieved from the records. Multiple logistic regression was used to examine the factors associated with >5% weight gain. Results: A total of 366 samples were recruited. About one-third (33.6%) of hormonal contraceptive users had their weight gain more than 5% from their baseline weight. The risk factor for weight gain more than 5% were women with aged less than 40 years (AOR=2.09; 95% CI:1.26,3.45) and Etonogestrel (ENG) implant user (AOR = 7.91; 95% CI:2.69,23.24). Conclusion: One third of the hormonal contraception users had their weight gain greater than 5%. Lifestyle intervention to prevent weight gain could be targeted at high-risk users who are less than 40 years old and those on ENG implant.
Determinants of Academic Performance Among Undergraduates During COVID-19 in a Public University: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Ching Siew Mooi , Priscilla Wong Yi Hui , Johari Muhammad Ikhwan , Teh Xian Hui , Leong Yong Jian , Mohammad AL Ansari Loganadan Nur Hidayah , Mohamad Fadzilah , Ismail Irmi Zarina , Mawardi Maliza , Awg Dzulkarnain Dayangku Hayaty , Abdul Manap Abdul Hadi
Published: February 2024

Introduction: This study aims to examine the determinants of academic performance among students in Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (FMHS) in Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) during COVID 19 pandemic. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted between 1st March 2021 until 15th March 2021 to determine the factors associated with academic performance during COVID 19 pandemic among medical students in a public university. The questionnaires of COVID-19 Fear Scale, Student Stress Inventory-Academic Subscale, and self-reported academic performances were used. Results: The study revealed that lower stress level (OR 0.938, 95% CI 0.893-0.984), being non-medical students (OR 3.210, 95% CI 1.844, 5.587) compared with medical students, Chinese ethnicity (OR 2.932, 95% CI 1.635, 5.258) compared with non-Chinese ethnicity and a conducive study environment (OR 1.954, 95% CI 1.168, 3.268) compared with non-conducive study environment were the determinants of good academic performance among undergraduates in a public university during COVID 19 pandemic. Conclusion: These findings indicate that low stress level, non-medical course, Chinese ethnicity, and good study environment are significant factors associated with good academic performance during COVID-19 pandemic among undergraduate students in a public university. Therefore, institutions may benefit from taking these factors into account when developing interventions to enhance students’ academic outcomes.
МИНЕРАЛЬНЫЕ СОРБЕНТЫ ДЛЯ ОЧИСТКИ ВОДЫ ОТ КАТИОНОВ МЕДИ
Authors: Э. А. КАМБАРОВА  , Х. А. ЮСУПОВА
Published: February 2024

В статье будет рассмотрен вопрос загрязнения сточных вод катионами меди, которое является актуальной проблемой для промышленных предприятий. Будут изучены основные проблемы, связанные с этим видом загрязнения, а также будут предложены возможные решения для минимизации негативного влияния данных катионов на окружающую среду. Рассмотрены различные виды минеральных сорбентов и их возможность взаимодействия с катионами меди в растворах. Она подробно анализирует механизмы сорбции, характеристики использованных минеральных материалов и их структуру, а также влияние условий эксплуатации на эффективность процесса. Исследование предоставляет новые уникальные понимания в области использования минеральных сорбентов для удаления катионов меди из воды, что имеет важное значение для разработки эффективных систем водоподготовки и охраны окружающей среды. Для исследования использовались природные сорбенты – Шанханайский цеолит и Коксуский шунгит. Проведенные эксперименты показали эффективность шунгита и цеолита при очистке воды с содержанием катиона меди. В исследовании проводились опыты по оценке качества очищения воды загрязненными катионами меди в зависимости от концентрации модельного раствора и времени очищения. Результаты проведенных опытов над модельными растворами с содержанием катиона меди с использованием минеральных сорбентов показали наиболее благоприятные значения рН и времени сорбции. Ключевые слова: минеральные (природные) сорбенты, Шанханайский цеолит, Коксуский шунгит, катион меди, процесс адсорбции.
О ВОПРОСАХ НАСЕЛЕННОСТИ ПОЧВ КОНИДИЯМИ BIPOLARIS SOROKINIANA SACC. SHOEM НА СЕВЕРО-ВОСТОКЕ КАЗАХСТАНА
Authors: М. К. Инсебаева  , Ұ. Н. Тілеубек
Published: February 2024

В данной статье указаны результаты исследования населенности почв конидиями некоторых семейств грибов. Одна из распространённых – Bipolaris sorokiniana Sacc. Shoem является родом грибов, включающих около 70 видов, которые являются причиной различных заболеваний растений. Эти грибы могут заселять почву и оставаться в ней в течение длительного времени, что может негативно сказаться на посевах и урожайности растений. На Северо-Востоке Казахстана, как и во многих других регионах мира проблемы с заселенностью почв конидиями Bipolaris sorokiniana Sacc. Shoem возникают, в связи с использованием некоторых сельско-хозяйственных практик, а также в результате повсеместных изменений климатических условий. Для оценки заселенности почв конидиями данного гриба на Северо-Востоке Казахстана проводились исследования на протяжении нескольких лет, в разных климатических зонах. В результате было выявлено, что заселенность почв ими значительно отличается в зависимости от географического расположения и типа почвы. Изучение заселенности почв конидиями Bipolaris sorokiniana Sacc. Shoem на Северо-Востоке Казахстана важно для определения мер по предотвращению и контролю заболеваний растений, вызываемых этими грибами. Ключевые слова: почва, грибы, Северо-Восток Казахстана, фитопатогены, пшеница.
Charków – przeciwdziałanie dominującej komunistycznej toponimii miasta
Authors: Radchenko Oleksandr , Michalski Tomasz
Published: February 2024

Kharkiv is the second largest city in Ukraine after Kiev in terms of importance and population. From 1919 to 1935, Kharkiv was the official capital of Soviet Ukraine, and therefore Lenin’s “Communist Propaganda Plan” was most often applied in it. Most streets, administrative districts, industrial plants, community centres, schools, etc. were named after communist activists or symbols of communism. In this context, the article aims to analyse a long-term process of removing the dominant communist toponymy of the city during de-communization in Kharkiv. After the declaration of independence, the Ukrainian authorities banned the Communist Party and the propagation of communist ideology, but despite this, for around thirty years Kharkiv’s toponymy continued to be dominated by names associated with the Soviet propaganda. It was only with the onset of the war in the Donbass in 2014 that real renaming of toponymic objects with communist origins began in Kharkiv. The first major change took place in May 2016, when seven city districts, five metro stations, 52 streets and a park were renamed. The process of change accelerated after the onset of a full-scale war in 2022.
Niemieckie inskrypcje w przestrzeni miejskiej Torunia i Wrocławia – aktywizm, postulowane rozwiązania i odbiór społeczny
Authors: Seń Aleksandra
Published: February 2024

German signs in the urban space of Wrocław and Toruń have become an object of interest for local activists. The research problem addressed in the article is the demands of the people involved in this issue, their experiences, the motivations behind their activities, the demands for the preservation of this form of cultural heritage, and the public perception of the activities according to the activists themselves. Representatives of analogous initiatives were interviewed: Spod tynku patrzy Breslau [Breslau looks on from underneath the plaster] (Wrocław) and Literołap [Letter-catcher] (Toruń). The interviews were then subjected to theoretical reflection from the perspective of memory studies. It emerged from both that activism centred around inscriptions within urban space stems from one’s own interests and meets with a positive response from the local community, while the reach is limited to history and heritage enthusiasts, resulting in being stuck in an information bubble.
Practical Steps to Digital Research
Authors: Stanley Deborah B.
Published: February 2024

This hands-on approach to teaching digital research skills breaks down each research skill into simple, targeted steps that enable students to research more deeply and to accomplish real-world tasks.
Pembinaan Akhlak Remaja Berbasis Kolaborasi Guru dan Orang Tua: Kajian Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Murtadho Wildan , Halimah Siti , Salminawati Salminawati
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis upaya guru, orang tua, dan bentuk kolaborasi dalam pembinaan akhlak remaja. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan bagian dari penelitian kualitatif dengan model Sistematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan pencarian 161 artikel melalui database DOAJ dan Garuda, terseleksi menjadi 13 artikel sesuai kriteria. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan upaya holistik guru melalui strategi terhadap siswa dan peran kunci dalam membentuk karakter remaja. Kolaborasi orang tua dengan guru melibatkan berbagai metode, mencakup aspek internal dan eksternal, serta menyesuaikan dengan konteks budaya dan pendidikan setempat. Tinjauan ini mengindikasikan bahwa kolaborasi guru dan orang tua memiliki peran krusial dalam membentuk karakter dan moral remaja, mendukung pandangan bahwa pendidikan akhlak remaja memerlukan dukungan dan kerja sama sinergis. Penelitian ini juga memberikan arah bagi penelitian di masa depan, termasuk aspek teknologi, budaya, organisasi, dan perilaku pada tingkat dan wilayah yang berbeda.
Healthy hearts
Authors: Mensik Kennedy Jennifer
Published: February 2024

Knowledge and actions reap benefits for our patients, ourselves.
Nursing professional development at night
Authors: Foley Jo Anne , Rosato Jo Anne , O’Malley Zetlan Kristen , Monteiro Tintra , Lincoln Nicole
Published: February 2024

An innovative approach to help new graduate nurses transition into practice.
Postpartum hemorrhage
Authors: Rinaldi Kailey , Duffy Allyson
Published: February 2024

A nurse’s quick response ensures prompt appropriate treatment.
The Role of Teachers in the Language Development of Children with Disabilities in Cemara Wilis Special School in Samarinda
Authors: Mustikhatul Annisa , Wulandari Dini , Putri Fahira Amanda , Sulistiawati Siti , Pertiwi Dian
Published: February 2024

Child development includes various aspects of life, including language development in children. Language itself functions as a means of communication in everyday life for all individuals. Disability is divided into various types. The role of teachers is also very important to help develop and improve language optimally for children who experience disabilities. The purpose of this study is to describe how children's language development, especially in children with disabilities and the role of teachers as educators in facilitating children's language development in SLB Cemara Wilis. The method used is qualitative with data analysis techniques using observation, interviews and documentation. The samples used in this study were four children with different conditions. Samples one and two children with tunagrahita who are both permissive parenting, the third sample of children with ASD with permissive parenting, and the last sample of children with downsyndrome with democratic parenting. Based on the above samples, it can be seen that the language development of children with disabilities is different and teachers play a very important role in helping children's language development.

Keywords: Disability, Teacher’s Role, Parenting
Scientific Explanation from the Viewpoint of Computational Cognitive Science
Authors:   The Korean Association For Thinking Development, Wang Kyungsu , Hou Rui
Published: February 2024

This paper introduces the process of explanation in computational cognitive science, which involves elucidating why phenomena or events occur within the framework of causal relationships. It highlights the similarity between everyday explanations and scientific explanations when examined through the lens of cognitive processes, noting that scientific explanations are more systematic, rigorous, and precise.
The three crucial stages of explanation discussed are firstly gathering information to provision the system's structure, secondly generating hypotheses to advance the explanation, and thirdly evaluating competitive hypotheses or explanations. The paper goes on to introduce the computational implementation of cognitive science frameworks for scientific explanation through deductive, probabilistic, and neural network approaches.
In the deductive approach, the discussion revolves around Hempel's (1965, 1966) explanatory model, illustrating its simulation as a rule-based system when given laws and conditions. The probabilistic approach, primarily utilizing Bayesian networks, is shown to involve tasks such as generating hypotheses and assessing suitable hypotheses through conditional probabilities. Similarly, the neural network theoretical approach demonstrates that hypothesis generation or explanation through identifying causes can occur through the interaction of neural cells.
Notably, one significant advantage of neural network theory is its ability to perform abductive inference or hypothesis generation not only based on linguistic expressions but also by accepting visual, emotional, and non-linguistic information as inputs and producing non-linguistic outputs. This advantage is ultimately seen as the ability to accommodate a variety of expression forms, termed as a "multi-modal mode."
Estimating NOx emissions of stack plumes using a high-resolution atmospheric chemistry model and satellite-derived NO2 columns
Authors: Krol Maarten , van Stratum Bart , Anglou Isidora , Boersma Klaas Folkert
Published: February 2024

Abstract. This work contributes to an European Monitoring and Verification Support (MVS) capacity for anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Future satellite instruments that map CO2 and NO2 from space will focus on hot-spot emissions from cities and large point sources, where CO2 emissions are accompanied by emissions of NOx. To use NOx as proxy CO2 emission, information about its atmospheric lifetime and the fraction of NOx present as NO2 is required to interpret NO2 plumes. This paper presents Large Eddy Simulations with atmospheric chemistry of four large point sources world-wide. We find that the chemical evolution of the plumes depends strongly on the amount of NOx that is emitted, next to wind speed and direction. For large NOx emissions the chemistry is pushed in a high-NOx chemical regime over a length of almost 100 km downwind of the stack location. Other plumes with lower NOx emissions show a fast transition to an intermediate NOx chemical regime, with short NOx lifetimes. Simulated NO2 columns mostly agree within 20 % with the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI), signalling that the emissions used in the model were approximately correct. However, variability in the simulations is large, making a one-to-one comparison difficult. We find that wind speed variations should be accounted for in emission estimation methods. Moreover, results indicate that common assumptions about the NO2 lifetime (≈4 hours) and NOx: NO2 ratios (≈1.3) in simplified methods that estimate emissions from NO2 satellite data (e.g. Beirle et al., 2019) need revision.
Deep-Learning-derived Planetary Boundary Layer Height from Conventional Meteorological Measurements
Authors: Su Tianning , Zhang Yunyan
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The planetary boundary layer (PBL) height (PBLH) is an important parameter for various meteorological and climate studies. This study presents a multi-structure deep neural network (DNN) model, designed to estimate PBLH by integrating morning temperature profiles with surface meteorological observations. The DNN model is developed by leveraging a rich dataset of PBLH derived from long-standing radiosonde records and augmented with high-resolution micro-pulse lidar and Doppler lidar observations. We access the performance of the DNN with an ensemble of ten members, each featuring distinct hidden layer structures, which collectively yield a robust 27-year PBLH dataset over the Southern Great Plains from 1994 to 2020. The influence of various meteorological factors on PBLH is rigorously analyzed through the importance test. Moreover, the DNN model's accuracy is evaluated against radiosonde observations and juxtaposed with conventional remote sensing methodologies, including Doppler lidar, ceilometer, Raman lidar, and Micro-pulse lidar. The DNN model exhibits reliable performance across diverse conditions and demonstrates lower biases relative to remote sensing methods. In addition, the DNN model, originally trained over a plain region, demonstrates remarkable adaptability when applied to the heterogeneous terrains and climates encountered during the GoAmazon (Tropical Rainforest) and CACTI (Middle Latitude Mountain) campaigns. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of deep learning models in estimating PBLH, enhancing our understanding of boundary layer dynamics with implications for enhancing the representation of PBL in weather forecasting and climate modeling.
A Newly Digitised Ice-penetrating Radar Data Set Acquired over the Greenland Ice Sheet in 1971–1979
Authors: Karlsson Nanna Bjørnholt , Schroeder Dustin M. , Sørensen Louise Sandberg , Chu Winnie , Dall Jørgen , Andersen Natalia H. , Dobson Reese , Mackie Emma J. , Köhn Simon J. , Steinmetz Jillian E. , Tarzona Angelo S. , Teisberg Thomas O. , Skou Niels
Published: February 2024

Abstract. We present an ice-penetrating radar data set acquired over the Greenland ice sheet by aircraft during the years 1971, 1972, 1974, 1978, and 1979. The data set comprises over 177,000 km of flight lines and contains a wealth of information on the state of the Greenland ice sheet including information on ice thickness and englacial properties. During data collection in the 1970s, the data were recorded on optical film rolls and in this manuscript, we document the digitization of these film rolls and their associated geographical information. Our digitization of the data enables interaction with and analysis of the data and facilitates comparison with modern-day radar observations. The complete data set in full resolution is available at the Stanford Digital Repository (https://doi.org/10.25740/wm135gp2721) with the associated technical reports (Karlsson et al., 2023). Part of the data set has been quality checked and is available as low-resolution JPG files at The Technical University of Denmark’s data repository, DTU Data, with associated geographical information (DOI pending). Here, we release the full data sets to enable the larger community to access and interact with the data.
Reintegration of School Farms as a Panacea for Food Insecurity: Perspectives of Primary School Students in Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: Koledoye Gbenga F.
Published: February 2024

This study investigated the attitudes of primary school students towards the establishment of school farms, utilizing a sample of 86 students from three public primary schools in Uhunmwode Local Government Area (LGA). Data were collected through questionnaires and interviews. The findings indicate that primary school children in Edo State generally support the idea of implementing school farms. Key factors contributing to this positive response include the availability of land and the potential to obtain additional land from local communities for agricultural purposes. Critical elements identified for the successful establishment of school farms encompassed the interest of both students and teachers, the presence of agricultural science instructors, and access to suitable farming land.