bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DYNAMIC TEXTURE RECOGNITION ALGORITHM
Authors: Pyataeva Anna Vladimirovna , Raevich Ksenia Vladislavovna
Published: September 2018

Постановка проблемы: Обнаружение динамических текстур на видеоизображениях в настоящее время находит все более широкое применение в системах компьютерного зрения. Например, обнаружение дыма и пламени в системах экологического мониторинга, анализ автомобильного трафика при мониторинге загруженности дорог, и в других системах. Поиск объекта интереса на динамическом фоне часто бывает затруднен за счет похожих текстурных признаков или признаков движения у фона и искомого объекта. В связи с этим возникает необходимость разработки алгоритма классификации динамических текстур для выделения объектов интереса на динамическом фоне.Методы: распознавание образов, компьютерное зрение.Результаты: В данной работе рассматривается обработка видеоизображений содержащих объекты с динамическим поведением на динамическом фоне, такие как вода, туман, пламя, текстиль на ветру и др. Разработан алгоритм отнесения объектов видеоизображения к одной из четырех предлагаемых категорий. Извлекаются признаки движения, цветовые особенности, фрактальности, энергетические признаки Ласа, строятся ELBP-гистограммы. В качестве классификатора использован бустинговый случайный лес.Практическая значимость: Разработан метод, позволяющий разделить динамические текстур на категории: по типу движения (периодическое и хаотичное) и типу объектов интереса (природные и искусственные). Экспериментальные исследования подтверждают эффективность предложенного алгоритма для отнесения объектов изображения к той или иной категории. Средняя точность классификации составила 95.2%.
ПОСТРОЕНИЕ ПРОФИЛЯ АБОНЕНТА МОБИЛЬНЫХ СЕТЕЙ НА ОСНОВЕ ОНТОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ПОДХОДА
Authors: Raevich Aleksey Pavlovich , Dobronets Boris Stanislavovich , Pyataeva Anna Vladimirovna , Raevich Ksenia Vladislavovna
Published: September 2018

Цель. В связи с увеличением числа абонентов мобильных сетей, используемых абонентами устройств, а также высокой активностью абонентов агрегируемая об атрибутах абонентов информация необходима для выстраивания рекомендательных функций систем телекоммуникационных компаний, проведения маркетинговых инициатив, повышения качества оказываемых услуг, при прогнозировании потребностей и желаний клиентов, а также для многих других функций. Статья посвящена рассмотрение методов, направленных на формализацию предметной области при построении профилей абонентов мобильной связи.Методы. В работе рассматриваются метод формальных понятий, а также модель представления информации на концептуальном уровне в контексте представления знаний об абонентах мобильной связи.Результаты. На основе изучения методов структурирования знаний о предметной области авторами предлагается модель представления качественной и количественной информации об объекте исследования с использованием онтологического подхода.
КОМПЛЕКСНЫЕ МЕТОДЫ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ ОБОРОТНЫХ СИСТЕМ ВОДОПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ ТЭК
Authors: Dubrovskaya Olga Gennadevna , Zhmakov Egor Vladimirovich
Published: September 2018

В работе рассмотрены методы деконтаминации биологических загрязнителей сточных вод предприятий ТЭК. Эффективная очистка сточных вод с целью их повторного использования в оборотных системах водопользования является одной из актуальных проблем современности. Большие объемы водопотребления и водоотведения предприятиями теплоэнергетического промышленного комплекса диктуют необходимость внедрения ресурсосберегающих, экологически безопасных и экономически целесообразных технологий оборотного водопользования на данных производствах. Основными гидротехническими сооружениями, предназначенными для накопления, охлаждения и частичной биологической очистки сточных вод ТЭК, являются биологические пруды. Вода, подаваемая из прудов-охладителей на дальнейшую очистку с целью повторного применения, не соответствует требованиям, предъявляемым к воде технического назначения. В статье рассмотрены проблемы и пути решения повышения эффективности функционирования оборотной системы в целом на основе процессов интенсификации биологической очистки сточных вод и ингибирования биообрастаний в системах трубопроводов. Представлены результаты лабораторных исследований, обосновано применение химического ингибитора на основе перекиси водорода, приведены основные расчетные параметры режимов кавитационной обработки воды и концентраций ингибитора.Цель – повышение качества очистки сточных вод предприятий теплоэнергетического комплекса, повышение общей эффективности функционирования оборотных систем при использовании химического ингибитора, и внедрении кавитационных технологий, а также снижение экологического риска от сброса сточных вод в водные объекты.Метод и методология проведения работы: в исследовании использовалась методика высевки микроорганизмов в среде Тамия, а также была применена методика прямого подсчёта количества клеток микроорганизмов на камерах Горяева.Результаты: получены высокие показатели эффективности интенсификации биологической очистки сточных вод предприятий ТЭК – 86,49% и определена релаксация и вторичная контаминация микроорганизмов – 6,58% и рассчитан период пролонгации обеззараживания трубопроводов – 30 суток при однократной обработке ингибитором.Область применения результатов: полученные результаты целесообразно применять на теплоэнергетических комплексах, а также других предприятиях имеющих оборотную систему водопользования.
Scenario Generation for Single-Period Portfolio Selection Problems with Tail Risk Measures: Coping with High Dimensions and Integer Variables
Authors: Fairbrother Jamie , Turner Amanda , Wallace Stein W.
Published: September 2018

In this paper, we propose a problem-driven scenario-generation approach to the single-period portfolio selection problem that uses tail risk measures such as conditional value-at-risk. Tail risk measures are useful for quantifying potential losses in worst cases. However, for scenario-based problems, these are problematic: because the value of a tail risk measure only depends on a small subset of the support of the distribution of asset returns, traditional scenario-based methods, which spread scenarios evenly across the whole support of the distribution, yield very unstable solutions unless we use a very large number of scenarios. The proposed approach works by prioritizing the construction of scenarios in the areas of a probability distribution that correspond to the tail losses of feasible portfolios. The proposed approach can be applied to difficult instances of the portfolio selection problem characterized by high dimensions, nonelliptical distributions of asset returns, and the presence of integer variables. It is also observed that the methodology works better as the feasible set of portfolios becomes more constrained. Based on this fact, a heuristic algorithm based on the sample average approximation method is proposed. This algorithm works by adding artificial constraints to the problem that are gradually tightened, allowing one to telescope onto high-quality solutions.

The online supplement is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2017.0790 .
Make no assumptions
Authors: Gilliver Andrew
Published: September 2018

Andrew Gilliver, Pride in Practice coordinator at LGBT Foundation, explains why it's important to know about LGBT patients' experiences
Is there a BRIGHT future in texts?
Authors: Marshman Zoe , Innes Nicola
Published: September 2018

Dr Zoe Marshman and Professor Nicola Innes discuss a £1.9 million research project to help secondary school children from deprived areas brush up on oral health – with the help of their smartphones
A day in the life of a dental implant nurse
Authors: Fullerton Hannah
Published: September 2018

Dental implant nurse, Hannah Fullerton, shares what her job involves and considers the positive impact this treatment has on the lives of her patients
Is 2018 the year YOU volunteer?
Authors: Reid Michelle
Published: September 2018

Dental nurses are perfectly placed to participate in the activities of charities abroad. Michelle Reid offers a guide to enjoying the experience
Your dental uniform: Choose it, use it and save money
Authors: Moffatt Chris
Published: September 2018

There's more to your dental uniform than meets the eye. Infection control, branding, comfort and patient expectations are all important…
Making ‘best interest’ decisions
Authors: Gray Sophie
Published: September 2018

The Mental Capacity Act and your role in practice
It's time to give a Dam
Authors: Bakare Kemi
Published: September 2018

Important endodontic principles for the dental nurse
Is it safe?
Authors: Bridges Glenys
Published: September 2018

Glenys Bridges considers the latest changes to Data Protection regulations
Latest clinical research
Authors: Greener Mark
Published: September 2018

Mark Greener rounds up the latest papers and reports relevant to primary care nurses
Update on renal disease in diabetic patients in primary care
Authors: Morris David
Published: September 2018

David Morris details complications in the kidneys that diabetes can cause
The Effect of Team Diversity on R&D Licensing in the Thai Public Research Institute
Authors: Punyakornwong Warangkana
Published: September 2018

The main objective of this study is to examine the effect of team diversity and institutional factors in terms of top management support and incentive system on the number of license agreements in the context of the National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) in Thailand. The sample size is NSTDA’s licensed and unlicensed projects in between 2011 and 2015. Data has been collected through a survey carried out on a sample of 134 licensed projects drawn from the population of 144 licensed projects between 2011 and 2015. With limitation of time and sensitivity of identifying about unsuccessful projects, only 29 unsuccessful projects were identified. Consequently, the total projects to be examined by Poisson regression analysis were 163 projects. The results of the identification of the research teams in each licensed project indicated, a statistically significant positive relationship between the high degree of difference in terms of educational major/fields, the high degree of differences in experience and the number of license agreements. It contributes to a cognitive resource theory which suggests that diversity facilitates a more complex problem-solving process. In addition to team diversity, top management support as the institutional factor, is also another key success factor in supporting effective research team to enhance the number of license agreements.

 

Keywords: team diversity, Public Research Institutes (PRIs), licensing, top management support
VARIATION OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF FRUITS OF BOG BLUEBERRY (VACCINIUM ULIGINOSUM L.) WHEN INTRODUCING
Authors: Снакина (Snakina) Татьяна (Tat'yana) Ивановна (Ivanovna) , Кукушкина (Kukushkina) Татьяна (Tat'yana) Абдулхаиловна (Аbdulkhailovna)
Published: September 2018

Bog blueberry berries are a source material for food and pharmaceutical industries. However, industrial harvesting of bog blueberry is hardly carried out as plants grow in hard-to-access areas and safekeeping of berries is low during transportation to the processing plants.Special-purpose plantations of bog blueberry at the processing plants may solve the problem. To do this would require planting material noted for a high content of biologically active substances. Central Siberian Botanical Garden is a leading center of introduction and breeding of blueberry in Russia.In this connection, biochemical study of dry substance, ascorbic acid, sugars, acids, anthocyans, catechins, pectins and protopectins of berries of promising bog blueberry forms was conducted in the forest-steppe zone of West Siberia in 2011–2015.The results of research showed a wide range of variability of chemical characters due to individual peculiarities of bog blueberry forms and weather conditions in various years. Protopectins, catechins and pectins exhibited the greatest interannual distinctions.Bog blueberry samples with the greatest content of biologically active substances which can be recommended as planting material for creation of production plantations were revealed.
CHANGES OF CONTENT OF FREE AMINO ACIDS IN GRAINS OF FOREST GROWING EASTERS OF EASTER TRANSBAIKALIA IN PULLING IN OSMOSITIC STRESS
Authors: Бондаревич (Bondarevich) Евгений (Evgenij) Александрович (Аleksandrovich)
Published: September 2018

In the course of studying the content of free amino acids in dry and germinating grains of wild cereals, some biochemical features of their dynamics were revealed depending on the osmotic pressure. In most species, except Agropyron cristatum, a significant increase in the concentration of amino acids occurred in the control on the first day after the start of the experiment; in the subsequent period, their decrease was observed. For Agropyron cristatum, a decrease in the index and a smooth increase after the first day were observed. Under the influence of osmolyte, the tendency to mobilize amino acids has changed and in some species (Stipa krylovii, Melica virgata, Melica turczaninowiana) the maximum amounts were observed on the first day from the beginning of the experiment, in the others to the second day. The total amount of free amino acids in the control and in the test was not significantly different. There was also a rapid mobilization of proteinogenic amino acids with increasing osmotic stress for the widespread Stipa krylovii and Agropyron cristatum in the region. A similar trend was noted for the xerophyte Tripogon chinensis. For grasses with a narrow ecological niche, which are characterized by xeromesophilia, osmotic stress suppressed the rapid mobilization of free amino acids. The content of individual groups of amino acids under the influence of osmotic stress was characterized by significant differences for species of the Melica genus in the number of acidic amino acids, for Tripogon chinensis an increase in the content of basic amino acids, and for Agropyron cristatum by a decrease in their concentration.
ON THE CONTENT OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS IN THE CONCENTRATIONS OF THE TAGETES PATULA L.
Authors: Червонная (Chervonnaya) Надежда (Nadezhda) Михайловна (Mikhajlovna) , Андреева (Andreeva) Ольга (Ol'ga) Андреевна (Аndreevna) , Аджиахметова (Adzhiakhmetova) Симилла (Similla) Леонтьевна (Leont'evna) , Оганесян (Oganesian) Эдуард (Eduard) Тоникович (Tonikovich)
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this work is to identify the phenolic compounds of the marigold inflorescences, as well as the quantitative determination of flavonoids in the extraction obtained by extracting inflorescences with 40% ethanol.Earlier, with the purpose of preliminary assessment and subsequent selection of the fraction obtained by treating the feed with ethyl alcohol of different concentrations, the total content of antioxidants in alcohol-aqueous extracts from the inflorescences of marigolds was studied. In parallel, pharmacological screening confirmed that the most pronounced antioxidant, wound-healing and endothelioprotective activity is extracted, the alcohol obtained by ethanol 40%.In this paper, the results of the phenol composition of the most pharmacologically active fraction obtained by extracting ethyl alcohol 40% of marigolds spread out are presented. The raw materials – the inflorescences of marigolds of the propagated varieties "Carmen" were collected in September 2016 in the botanical garden of the Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute, a branch of of FGBOU in VolgGMU Ministry of Health of Russia.In the analyzed extract, 4 substances of polyphenol nature – patuletin, patulintrin, quercetin and caffeic acid – were identified. Analytical characteristics of substances were determined by physicochemical methods.Using UV spectrophotometry using the value of the specific absorption index, the quantitative content of the sum of flavonoids in terms of patuletin is determined and is 2,98 ± 0,06%. The methodology is validated by such indicators as specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision.
6-Hydroxyisocaryophyllene and isocaryophyllenic acid from birches vegetative buds
Authors: Vedernikov Dmitriy Nikolaevich , Teplyakova Svetlana Vitalievna , Khoroshilova Olesya Valerievna
Published: September 2018

The new isocaryophyllene derivatives were first detected in the birch vegetative buds. The structure of 6-hydroxyisocaryophyllene [(1R,4Z, 6R, 9S)-8-methylene-11,11-dimethylbicyclo[7.2.0]undec-4-ene-6-ol] isolated from the Betula pendula Roth. birch buds was determined by NMR spectroscopy.  The structures of caryophyllenic acid and isocaryphyllenic acid isolated from the Betula grandifolia Litv., B. albo-sinensis Burk., B. fusca Pall.ex Georg, B. obscura A. Kotula, B. litwinowii Doluch., B. hallii Howell, B. grandifolia Litv. birch buds was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The physico-chemical characteristics and NMR data of 6-hydroxyisocaryophyllene, epoxide of 6-hydroxyisocaryophyllene and all the isolated acids are given.  The gas chromatographic retention indices of all identified compounds were determined.
PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF RAW MATERIALS OF SOME REPRESENTATIVES OF THE GENUS CHRYSANTHEMUM L.
Authors: Денисова (Denisova) Светлана (Svetlana) Галимулловна (Galimullovna) , Реут (Reut) Антонина (Аntonina) Анатольевна (Аnatol'evna) , Пупыкина (Pupykina) Кира (Kira) Александровна (Aleksandrovna)
Published: September 2018

The results of phytochemical studies of various types of raw materials (flowers, leaves, stems, roots) of some taxa of the genus Chrysanthemum (the family Asteraceae Dumort.): two species – Chrysanthemum coronarium, Ch. segetum and four varieties Ch. × hortorum Bailey – "Kupava", "Doch' Rozetty", "Oranzhevyj Zakat", "Vechernie Ogni". As the object of comparison Tanacetum vulgare L. was used. Quantitative characteristics of amino acids, macro- and microelements have been determined. The high ability of leaves to accumulate elements such as sodium (0.30–0.41%), calcium (1.24–2.13%), manganese (317.76–651.83 mg/kg), iodine (0.18–0.32 mg/kg), zinc (80.55–115.44 mg/kg), as well as amino acids (8.97–15.38 mg%). Roots contain as much as possible phosphorus (0.18–0.92%), copper (4.61–20.18 mg/kg) and iron (507.48–1234.71 mg/kg); in the stems – potassium (0.80–1.63%). Varying the studied indicators reflects the different biological value of the objects of research. The analysis of elemental and amino acid composition of various types of raw materials of some taxa of chrysanthemum showed that the studied cultivars are promising sources of amino acids, macro- and microelements. As alternative sources of biologically active substances, further studies have been proposed Ch. coronarium, Ch. segetum, Ch. × hortorum "Oranzhevyj Zakat" and "Vechernie Ogni".
METABOLOMIC PROFILE AT THE DIFFERENT STAGES OF PRUNELLA VULGARIS (LAMIACEAE) ONTOGENESIS AT GROWING IN THE CLIMATE CHAMBER
Authors: Петрова (Petrova) Наталья (Natal'ya) Валериевна (Valerievna) , Сазанова (Sazanova) Катерина (Katerina) Владимировна (Vladimirovna) , Медведева (Medvedeva) Нина (Nina) Анатольевна (Аnatol'evna) , Шаварда (Shavarda) Алексей (Аleksej) Леонидович (Leonidovich)
Published: September 2018

By gaz chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique based metabolite profiling of the methanol extract derived from leaves of Prunella vulgaris L. (Lamiaceae) was carried out. P. vulgaris was grown in climatic chamber. For every metabolomics profile, we estimated 102 target substances, and 41 of them were identified. Metabolite spectrum on vegetation stage is different than other stage by absent of groups: amino acids, terpenes and lipids. Comparison of the results of statistical analysis based on the data array, including all detected metabolites (metabolite profiling) show, that metabolomes of blossom and fructification stage of plants match often and only a small number of metabolites P. vulgaris at the this stage make it specific. It was studied the spatial heterogeneity in the structure of the metabolic network. The results of it are showed that metabolomes variety of the leaves from one plants much more than local variety in the range of parts of one leaf. Spatial distributions of metabolites of heterogeneity in a leaf have been illustrated on the example of threonic acid.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION OF DIFFERENT KINDS OF CINNAMON BARK (CINNAMOMUM)
Authors: Аксенова (Aksenova) Юлия (Yuliya) Борисовна (Borisovna) , Лапко (Lapko) Ирина (Irina) Викторовна (Viktorovna) , Кузнецова (Kuznetsova) Ольга (Ol'ga) Витальевна (Vital'evna) , Василевский (Vasilevskiy) Сергей (Sergej) Валерьевич (Valer'evich) , Аксенов (Aksenov) Алексей (Аleksej) Вадимович (Vadimovich) , Таранченко (Taranchenko) Виктор (Viktor) Федорович (Fedorovich) , Антохин (Antochin) Андрей (Аndrej) Михайлович (Mikhajlovich) , Родин (Rodin) Игорь (Igor') Александрович (Аleksandrovich) , Шпигун (Shpigun) Олег (Oleg) Алексеевич (Аlekseevich)
Published: September 2018

The qualitative and quantitative composition of four types of cinnamon bark (Cinnamomum) was studied by gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection.Found in these samples were 72 compounds of various classes, including terpenes, aldehydes, alcohols, organic acids, coumarins, esters, catechins, vitamins, sterols, and sugars. As a result of the comparative analysis, the specific compounds were found that are characteristic for Cinnamomum zeylanicum (3-tuyen, 4 (10) -tuyen, eugenol, (-)-α-curcumen, linolenic acid and for a group of Cinnamomum burmannii, Cinnamomum loureiroi and Cinnamomum Cassia, namely, sativene, isosativene, longicyclene, β-elemen, γ-mourolen, α-mourolen, α-calacorene, syrinaldehyde, and syringol. The presence of common compounds with certain concentration variability was revealed for all four types of cinnamon. The selection of the most informative compounds allowing species differentiation of the cinnamon bark has been carried out by the method of main components. Among these, four components (eugenol, α-mourolen, syrinaldehyde and linolenic acid) and specific and 12 components, such as cinnamic aldehyde, α-fellandrene, limonene, linalool, copaene, caryophyllene, coumarin, benzyl benzoate, cinnamic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, and disaccharides, have common origin. Further research will be directed toward establishing the criteria that would allow species differentiation of the cinnamon bark of Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Cinnamomum burmannii, Cinnamomum loureiroi and Cinnamomum Cassia types.
Tipologia textual e ensino de língua
Authors: Travaglia Luiz Carlos
Published: September 2018

Considerando que o dizer sempre se faz por meio de categorias de textos (tipos, subtipos, gêneros, espécies) e que o objetivo do ensino de língua é desenvolver a competência comunicativa (capacidade de produzir e compreender textos em situações específicas de interação comunicativa) e que então o ensino de língua precisa estar necessariamente vinculado a estas categorias de texto, considerando suas características, este artigo objetiva auxiliar o professor no uso da tipologia textual para o ensino de língua. Para isso apresenta um referencial teórico sobre tipologia que busca instrumentalizar o professor na organização de um ensino centrado em tipologia e a seguir comenta aspectos fundamentais na relação entre tipologia e ensino de língua e finalmente apresenta exemplos que objetivam mostrar ao professor como concretizar a teoria em atividades de ensino.
Do monumento dos museus ao monumento das ruas
Authors: Cuter Albanese Bruno
Published: September 2018

Com os estudos sobre práticas de letramento em ambientes multi/hipermidiáticos, tornou-se um desafio repensar teórica e praticamente o ensino de Literatura nas escolas. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste artigo é analisar os deslocamentos e as rupturas causados no trabalho com o texto literário quando inserido em um projeto de construção de uma narrativa transmídia. Trata-se de uma pesquisa-ação realizada com alunos do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental II, cujo projeto constitui-se na leitura e na adaptação da obra Senhora para um curta-metragem. Os registros foram coletados por meio de gravações audiovisuais das aulas e pela escrita de um diário de campo do pesquisador. Ao se contrastar o texto literário com o curta-metragem produzido pelos alunos, foram observadas e destacadas as principais diferenças entre as duas obras e, com base nos registros coletados em campo, buscou-se analisar o processo de leitura do romance que produziu alterações na película. A fundamentação teórica levou em conta os postulados da teoria do Sujeito Leitor (LANGLADE, 2013; JOUVE, 2013) sobre a Leitura Subjetiva do texto literário, bem como reflexões baseadas em García-Canclini (1989) sobre os processos de recolecionamento. Como resultado, conclui-se que a inserção de narrativas transmidianas no ensino de Literatura permite que os alunos não somente leiam a obra, como também produzam um novo texto sobre ela ao criar relações intertextuais entre a história criada por José de Alencar e os repertórios de suas coleções de leitura, principalmente aqueles advindos do cinema e da televisão. Dessa forma, a narrativa transmídia produzida pelos alunos rompe com as vitrines de proteção antes construídas para obra e assegura a construção de novos sentidos sobre o romance Senhora, o qual foi ressignificado e reapropriado pelos alunos.
evidencialidad en noticias escritas en lengua española
Authors: Martins Caldas Jane Eyre , Prata Nadja Paulino Pessoa , Lucena Silva Izabel Larissa
Published: September 2018

La evidencialidad es una categoría lingüística que se refiere a la expresión de la fuente de la información, lo que nos hizo relacionarla con el discurso periodístico, cuya finalidad es (i) informar los hechos y (ii) formar opiniones. Como este trabajo objetiva analizar el uso de los marcadores evidenciales en lengua española, nos basamos en un abordaje funcionalista, más específicamente el de la Gramática Discursivo-Funcional (GDF). Por ello, elegimos la noticia por tratarse de un género periodístico de carácter narrativo en el cual se expresaría más la evidencialidad. Para la construcción del corpus, hicimos una colecta con aproximadamente 10.000 palabras en total, a partir de dos periódicos más leídos en España, según la Asociación para la Investigación de Medios de Comunicación (AIMC, feb./nov. 2015). Tras la colecta de los datos, hicimos el análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo de la expresión de la categoría por medio del Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). A partir de los análisis, verificamos que se utilizó más el tipo de fuente ‘tercero definido’ y el modo de obtención ‘relato de L2’, lo que se relaciona a los efectos de (des)comprometimiento con la información, dándole más credibilidad a lo que se trasmite.
Of Manuscript Culture in Early Modern Dubrovnik
Authors: Plejić Poje Lahorka
Published: September 2018

In the article’s introduction, the author points to the history of the book as one of the younger sub-disciplines and to its relevance for literary history. This fact is particularly important for old Dubrovnik where the first printing house was opened only in 1783. In the middle part of the article, certain aspects of manuscript culture in early modern Dubrovnik are studied. The author explains why until the 19th century a large part of the Ragusan literature was circulated in manuscripts and what the advantages of the manuscript compared to the printed book are. The author reminds that manuscripts carried out the function of printed books and indicates that printed books were frequently copied by hand.
Unknown Аrchaic Тranslation of Sermon 5 from John of Sinaya’s Scala Paradisi, in a Serbian Manuscript from the 14th Century
Authors: Спасова Мария
Published: September 2018

The subject of this research is an unknown Slavic translation of Sermon 5 John of Sinaya’s Scala Paradisi (Lestvica) in a Serbian Menaion and Triodion Panagyric, rewritten from an old Bulgarian antigraph which has preserved the archaic grammatical traits of the prototranslation. In the sermon’s text, forms of asigmatic aorist and first sigmatic aorist with a preserved “s” are being registered, as well as non-contrahered forms for imperfect, forms of past active I participle formed with suffix -ьш- from verbs with a base ending on -и-, possessive adjectives as a translation of the Greek genitive case for possession, usage of a local prepositionless, excessive prepositionless usage of ablative case, descriptive future with a preponderance of forms of хотѣти + infinitive, dual number forms, non-contrahered forms of complex (determinative) adjectives, etc. The translation of the sermon of the transcript in NHM24 includes rare lexemes that attribute it to the early translations of Cyril and Methodius. It demonstrates similarities to the Glagolitic translations of the hand-written cannon of 10th–11th century.
New South Slavic Translations of Aesop’s Fairy Tales
Authors: Walczak-Mikołajczakowa Mariola
Published: September 2018

In 2006 for the first time after more than 30 years a new translation of Aesop’s fairy tales into Bulgarian by Vladimir Atanasov was published. Aesop’s tales were also translated into Macedonian for the first time (by Valerij Sofronievski) and published in 2008. The article contains discussion and comparison of both translations. A collection of both volumes and classic editions of Aesop’s tales were described and translations were made from them. The authoress precedes her arguments with a short outline of the history of Aesop’s translations into Bulgarian. Particular attention is paid to the translation of bishop Sofroni from the early 19th century, because both discussed contemporary translations clearly refer to this work.
Professor Halina Janaszek-Ivaničková as an Advocate of Modern Comparative Studies During Hopeless, Hard and Critical Times
Authors: Zieliński Bogusław
Published: September 2018

Scientific work of Professor Halina Janaszek-Ivaničková (1931–2016) can be placed in three postwar periods of Poland’s history, albeit her scientific and organizational work with regard to comparative studies was carried out on a few continents. Her scientific programme, methodological inspirations and message in each of those periods were aimed against regime limitations, but simultaneously pointed to a positive programme suggesting what can be done and what is right. Initially her programme could be placed with positivistic message and Bakhtin methodology (studies on Stefan Żeromski and Karol Čapek), only for the first lady of Polish comparative studies to become after a breakthrough Revolutions of 1989 a promotor of postmodernism in Poland and other Slavic countries (“From modernism to postmodernism”, 1996). Later she pointed to a “change of paradigm” and foresaw the decline of postmodern formation (“New face of postmodernism”, 2002).With a sharp mind she anticipated a radical “turn to the right” which we are now witnessing. In her last years she was working on a monography on Warsaw Uprising (1 August – 3 October 1944) during which her father, colonel Jan Wacław Janaszek, a soldier of antifascism Home Army, died.
The Homily on The [Cursed] Fig-Tree and the Parable of the Vineyard by John Damascene in Mediaeval Slavonic Literature [Preliminary Observations]
Authors: Данова Цветомира
Published: September 2018

The Slavonic version of the homily dedicated to The (Cursed) Fig-Tree and the Parable of the Vineyard by John Damascene has not been so far object of an archeographic-textological study. The present study gives the initial observations on the reception of that Byzantine work in Mediaeval Slavonic Literature. The work centred mainly on the South Slavonic manuscript tradition, while the East Slavonic manuscript tradition represented by the text from the well-known Uspensky Miscellany was used as a starting point and as a basis for comparison during the analysis. The study showed that in Mediaeval Slavonic Literature the homily dedicated to The (Cursed) Fig-Tree and the Parable of the Vineyard by John Damascene has been disseminated through three different Slavonic translations, one redaction, and one contaminated version.
Literary Collectors as Literary Scribes: The Case of Đuro Ferić (1739–1820)
Authors: Lupić Ivan , Bratičević Irena
Published: September 2018

The essay reconstructs the scribal collection of Ragusan literature compiled by Đuro Ferić (1739–1820) and currently scattered across various libraries. It argues that the focus on individual scribes is the best way of understanding Ragusan manuscript culture and of identifying relationships among different manuscript witnesses. Once scribal collections are reconstructed, it is possible to determine to what extent scribes understood their job as involving specific editorial decisions rather than just mechanical copying of the text in front of them. The approach is recommended not just to scholars interested in manuscript culture but to those interested in the larger questions of literary history as well.
Re-evaluating the Psalterium Sinaiticum: the Limitations of Internal Reconstruction as a Text-Critical Method
Authors: MacRobert Catherine Mary
Published: September 2018

The Psalterium Sinaiticum, a Glagolitic manuscript containing an Old Church Slavonic version of the Book of Psalms, has usually been treated, since its discovery in the later nineteenth century, as representative of the translation made by SS Cyril and Methodius before 869. Yet its textual status is in two ways problematic: it exhibits a number of idiosyncratic features (verse divisions, headings, variant readings, lexical peculiarities) which set it apart from other Church Slavonic psalter manuscripts, even those which are generally referred to the same early redaction and Cyrillo-Methodian tradition; it displays marked internal inconsistencies for which there is no simple explanation, such as correlation with the various changes of scribal hand in the manuscript. Von Arnim used the distribution of these inconsistencies as evidence to support an internal reconstruction of several distinct stages in the manuscript tradition underlying the Psalterium Sinaiticum. His argumentation implies that in fact the text of this manuscript stands at some distance from the original translation of SS Cyril and Methodius. On the basis of new comparative evidence from the second Glagolitic psalter manuscript discovered on Sinai in 1975, this paper reviews von Arnim’s analysis and its effectiveness as a text-critical method, and draws conclusions about the place of the Psalterium Sinaiticum in the Cyrillo-Methodian tradition.
Timing of Emissions and Effects of Emission Taxes in Durable-Goods Oligopolies
Authors: Sagasta Amagoia , Usategui José M.
Published: September 2018

Given an oligopoly of firms that produce and sell a durable good that causes pollution at production, during use or at disposal, the effects of present and future emission taxes on quantities, emissions, consumer surplus, producer surplus and the sum of consumer and producer surpluses and the revenue from emission taxes for each type of emission are analyzed. Among other results, it is proved that producers may support an increase in the emission tax in the future or in the present, that emissions in the present may be increasing in the emission tax in the future and that the timing of emissions may affect the directions of some effects of a change in an emission tax on welfare variables. The results obtained are based on the interaction between present and future emission taxes, the intertemporal effects of such taxes, imperfect competition, the strategic behavior of each firm in stealing sales from its rivals in the present and in the future, the type of emission and the producers’ commitment problem. The analysis is extended to the cases of monopoly and perfect competition.
Augenweide? Abgemäht! Metaphorische Responsionen im Liederbuch der Clara Hätzlerin
Authors: Kropik Cordula
Published: September 2018

The article considers the lyric part of the so-called Liederbuch der Clara Hätzlerin from several, closely connected perspectives. Taking their typical metaphorical responsiveness as a starting point, I seek to obtain a more substantial insight into this class of internal relationship between the texts. The insight thus acquired allows us to draw cogent conclusions about the shaping of Clara’s song collection as well as the poetic practices preceding it. Furthermore, I seek to reappraise the poetic features of the late medieval secular songbook-lyrics as a genre. For it is notably the observation of the important characterization of specific phenomena of association that might well prompt us to reconsider this poetic type as it clearly fails to be fixed by the conventional categories of author and his work. What needs to take the place of our thinking in terms of these categories is an approach that is based on the significant notion of productive reception and that pays due attention to the phenomenon of sociability.
Self-Dealing by Controlling Shareholders: Improving Minority Protection in Light of Article 9 c SRD
Authors: Hallemeesch Nick
Published: September 2018

Controlling shareholders may cause a company to enter into transactions with themselves or one of their subsidiaries, thereby expropriating minority shareholders. General principles of company law, such as board autonomy, often do not adequately constrain controlling shareholders. Moreover, Belgian, French and Dutch courts apply deferential standards of review to related party transactions, while approval procedures in these jurisdictions are also flawed. A recent amendment to the Shareholder Rights Directive requires adequate protection of minority shareholders against self-dealing. Member States may subject related party transactions to a majority-of-minority vote, the approval of independent directors or judicial review. This paper discusses the efficiency of each of these mechanisms.
The Evolution of the Liability of Credit Rating Agencies in the United States and in the European Union: Regulation after the Crisis
Authors: Picciau Chiara
Published: September 2018

Credit rating agencies have assessed the creditworthiness of issuers and debt instruments for over a century. Nevertheless, in the United States and in the European Union a first regulation of rating services was passed only at the beginning of the twenty-first century, respectively in 2006 and 2009. Statutory liability rules were later adopted in the United States with the Dodd-Frank Act of 2010 and in the European Union with Regulation (EU) no 462/2013. Despite some similarities between the American and European existing discipline, significant differences still exist and pave the way for regulatory arbitrage opportunities in the ratings market. The reasons for divergence are clearly historically based and derive, in part, from the different traditions of the two legal systems. Accordingly, this article compares the evolution of the US regulatory framework and case law on the liability of rating organizations towards investors with the uniform rules adopted by the European Union since 2009, absent a comparable case law at the European level. It is argued that, in both systems, while it is easier to establish liability in case of intent, burden of proof rules generally place a significant, if not insurmountable, obstacle to damage compensation for investors.
A new stacking variant of Na2Pt(OH)6
Authors: Thakur Gohil S. , Reuter Hans , Felser Claudia , Jansen Martin
Published: September 2018

A new stacking variant of sodium hexa-hydroxo platinate(IV), Na2Pt(OH)6, was synthesized and its structure elucidated through X-ray diffraction. The new polymorph was prepared by direct reaction of PtO2 with an excess of NaOH solution applying elevated oxygen pressure at 300°C. The structure consists of layers of edge sharing Pt(OH)6 and Na(OH)6 octahedra. These layers are separated by an edge-to-edge distance of ~2.4 Å. The packing of the hydroxide ions corresponds to the hcp sequence, the title compound thus may be regarded a cation ordered variant of the Brucite structure type. During heating above T~300°C all constitutional water is released, and anhydrous Na2PtO3 remains as the solid residue.
Ambient Vibrations of Unreinforced Masonry Buildings in Dhaka City
Authors: Khan Muhammad Romeo N. , Ahmed Fahim , Ahsan Raquib
Published: September 2018

The main objective of this research was to identify the predominant or natural periods of targeted unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings by performing ambient vibration tests to compare the obtained structural predominant period with the structural period calculated by the formula given in the Bangladesh National Building Codes. The study also found a relationship between the structural period and different structural parameters of URM buildings. This paper presents an evaluation of ambient vibrations and identifies the predominant frequencies of 17 URM buildings. The buildings range from a single story to five stories and have regular and irregular plans and elevations. The buildings are located in Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh. These masonry buildings were constructed from 1960 to 1990 without any seismic guidelines. An attempt was made to correlate structural periods with heights and with total length of structure walls using MS Excel plots and a Statistical Package for the Social Sciences model. In order to find a realistic solution, multivariate regression analysis was selected for model development where the structural period was the dependable variable. The correlations through regressions were successfully identified.
Sustainable Cellulose Masonry
Authors: Olson Zack , Cook Wes , Henneke Dale
Published: September 2018

A novel masonry material containing postindustrial cellulose, bentonite clay, and small amounts of other additives (e.g., antifungal, desiccant and water proofing agents) was made and characterized. The overall mechanical properties of the composite material are controlled and tailored by varying the ratio of the primary constituents (postindustrial cellulose and bentonite clay). This grade of cellulose is no longer suitable for use in the manufacture of recycled paper products and, as such, it is considered a waste product. The described process repurposes this cellulose waste as a component in a structural element that can be worked using standard woodworking tools. The material’s compressive strength ranges from approximately 338 psi (2.33 MPa) at low bentonite ratios (less than 50 % by mass) to approximately 1,015 psi (7.01 MPa) at higher bentonite ratios (greater than 60 % by mass). The higher bentonite ratio, Ratio B, has a compressive strength similar to that of a Class 2 burnt brick but does not require the material to be fired (i.e., a significant cost and energy savings). This material can be easily painted, stained, or surface-treated much like wood. However, unlike wood and other masonry products (e.g., concrete), it exhibits a failure mode more similar to that of a polymer where the material does not catastrophically fail—rather it slowly yields and shows visible deformation. This mode of failure provides ample warning before a piece fails and gives time for it to be repaired or replaced before catastrophic failure. The material is also lighter and cheaper to produce than most competing products as one of its main components is a postindustrial waste product.
Brick Masonry in Chicago: Crisis in Aesthetics?
Authors: Chin Ian R.
Published: September 2018

The Great Chicago Fire lasted for almost three days and affected a territory about 4 miles (6.5 km) in length by an average of two-thirds of a mile (1 km) in width (burnt district). The fire destroyed about 18,000 mostly wood-framed buildings. Soon after the fire, rebuilding began in earnest, and about 100 years after the fire, the world's tallest building was constructed in the burnt district. Many of the buildings that were constructed in the burnt district during the period of 1871 to 1930, or approximately 60 years after the fire had brick masonry exterior walls. Several of these buildings utilized innovative, exciting, and aesthetically pleasing applications of brick masonry wall systems. During the period of 1930 to 2017, or approximately 60 to 150 years after the fire, no significant building with innovative, exciting, and aesthetically pleasing applications of brick masonry wall systems was constructed in the burnt district. This condition led the author to consider what eventually became the title of this paper: Brick Masonry in Chicago: Crisis in Aesthetics? Based upon the evaluation of buildings that were constructed with brick masonry exterior walls in the burnt district from 1871 to 2017, or approximately 150 years subsequent to the fire, it is the author's opinion that there is an aesthetic crisis in these buildings and that improvements in the aesthetics should be considered. Recommendations to improve the aesthetics of buildings with brick masonry in exterior wall systems are presented in this paper for review and consideration by interested parties. The results of this evaluation are pertinent to buildings constructed in the burnt district after the fire and may not apply to buildings constructed with brick masonry exterior walls elsewhere during this same time period.
Shear Strength of GFRP-Reinforced Concrete Masonry Beams
Authors: Sarhat Salah , Sherwood Edward G.
Published: September 2018

This paper studies the effect of using glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) flexural reinforcement on the shear strength of reinforced masonry (RM) beams. For this purpose, two sets of shear-critical RM beams were tested, one set being two courses high, the other being five courses high. Each set consisted of two RM beams, one reinforced with GFRP and one reinforced with high-strength steel. The reinforcement ratio was kept constant for all beams. The test results showed that the use of GFRP reinforcement resulted in considerably reduced shear strength compared to beams reinforced with steel. Furthermore, the failure shear stresses of the beams decreased significantly due to increases in depth indicating that size effect is real in reinforced masonry. The shear behavior of the RM beams was seen to be fundamentally similar to that of reinforced concrete beams. As shear design expressions in most of the masonry design codes, such as TMS 402-2016 code, are intended to be used for designing masonry beams reinforced with conventional steel, the test results showed that these expressions can yield unsafe shear predictions for GFRP-reinforced or high-strength steel-reinforced masonry beams. The general method of the Canadian Standards Association (CSA) S304-2014 code, on the other hand, was able to capture safely the variations in the shear strength of GFRP-reinforced masonry. The general method is based on the modified compression field theory and can account for all influential factors affecting the shear strength of reinforced masonry beams. The results of this paper highlight the necessity of revising masonry design codes to address the size effect and the effect of reinforcement stiffness.
Os dereitos das mulleres como unha construción allea á tradición dos dereitos.
Authors: Pacho Blanco Xosé Manuel
Published: September 2018

No presente traballo examínanse as reivindicacións dos dereitos das mulleres e a reivindicación histórica dos dereitos humanos. Analízase dunha parte, como se foron construíndo as distintas xeracións de dereitos; e doutra, a evolución das reclamacións das mulleres na procura da igualdade. Esta análise sírvenos para tomar conciencia de como o imaxinario dos dereitos deu as costas ás reivindicacións feministas e das mulleres –foron marxinadas-, e como as mulleres tiveron que reformular a regla de xogo dos Dereitos para alcanzar ou tratar de alcanzar a igualdade entre homes e mulleres.Neste contexto, plantéxanse os diferentes debates ao redor da idea e do termo igualdade, como concepto pluridimensional, e como mecanismo para a consecución da efectiva equiparación entre homes e mulleres.