bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A shift in the mechanism of CO2 uptake in the Southern Ocean under high emission-scenario
Authors: Mongwe Precious , Gregor Luke , Tjiputra Jerry , Hauck Judith , Ito Takamitsu , Danek Christopher , Vichi Marcello , Thomalla Sandy , Monteiro Pedro
Published: May 2023

The Southern Ocean is a major region of ocean carbon uptake, but its future changes remain uncertain under climate warming. Here we show the projected shift in the Southern Ocean CO2 sink using a suite of Earth System Models, revealing changes in the mechanism, position and seasonality of the carbon uptake. Dominant CO2 uptake shifts from the Subtropical to the Antarctic region under the high-emission scenario by the end of the 21st century. The warming-driven sea-ice melt, increased ocean stratification, mixed layer shoaling, and a weaker vertical carbon gradient will together reduce the winter outgassing in the future, which will trigger the switch from mixing-driven outgassing to solubility-driven uptake in the Antarctic region during the winter season. The future Southern Ocean carbon sink will be poleward-shifted, operating in a hybrid mode between biologically-driven summertime and solubility-driven wintertime uptake with further amplification of biological uptake by the increasing Revelle Factor.
Bäcklund Transformation of (3+1)-Dimensional Variable Coefficient NLEE Equation and Related Problems
Authors: Ji Minjie , Bao Taogetusang
Published: May 2023

Based on Bell polynomial method,symbolic computation system Mathematica,P-polynomials,Bäcklund transformation of double Bell polynomials,bilinear Bäcklund transformation,infinite conservation laws and soliton solutions of (3+1)-dimensional nonlinear evolution equations (NLEE) with variable coefficients are studied.Firstly,the P-polynomial and bilinear forms of the equation are constructed.Secondly,the double Bell polynomial Bäcklund,bilinear Bäcklund transformation,Lax pair and infinite conservation laws are constructed.Finally,through the bilinear Bäcklund transformation of the equation,the soliton solutions and other solutions of the equation are obtained,and the appropriate parameters are selected to illustrate their properties by making graphs of some solutions.
Effect of Previous Heating Treatments Conditions and MIG Welding on Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of HSLA Steel DOMEX 460MC
Authors: Rocha Vinícius Resende , Rosa Daniel Monteiro , Paes Luiz Eduardo dos Santos
Published: May 2023

To meet industry demands for more resistant materials with good mechanical properties and moderate cost, high strength low alloy steels (HSLA) were developed. However, the low ductility of these steels can be a problem. In addition, many components are subjected to MIG welding. Finding a proper heat treatment, able to modify the mechanical properties according to the design requirements and enhancing the material’s weldability is still an issue. The present work shows a microstructural and mechanical properties analysis of a HSLA steel, named DOMEX 460MC, subjected to three heat treatments before joining: 400 °C, 580 °C and 700 °C. Brinell hardness tests and microstructural analysis were carried out for each condition. Moreover, 5 tensile specimens were made according to the ASTM E8M-04 standard to assess the mechanical behavior. The results showed that both the previous heat treatments and welding could modify the microstructure, decreasing the material's mechanical strength.
Machine learning-based prediction of postoperative mortality in emergency colorectal surgery: A retrospective, multicenter cohort study using Tokushukai Medical Database
Authors: Akabane Shota , Miyake Katsunori , Iwagami Masao , Tanabe Kazunari , Takagi Toshio
Published: May 2023

Background Emergency colorectal surgery may constitute surgical challenges, resulting in high mortality and morbidity rates. Although prognostic factors associated with mortality in patients with emergency colorectal surgery have been identified, an accurate mortality risk assessment is still necessary to determine the range of therapeutic resources in accordance with the severity of patients. We established machine-learning models with nonlinear feature extraction to predict in-hospital mortality for patients who had emergency colorectal surgery using clinical data at admission and attempted to identify prognostic factors associated with in-hospital mortality.Methods This retrospective cohort study included adult patients undergoing emergency colorectal surgery in 42 hospitals between 2012 and 2020. Patients were divided into those hospitalized between July 2010 and June 2018 (training/validation dataset) and those hospitalized between July 2018 and June 2020 (testing dataset). We employed logistic regression and three supervised machine-learning models: random forests, gradient-boosting decision trees (GBDT), and multilayer perceptron (MLP) in the training dataset. The prediction models were tested using all testing datasets, and the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) was calculated for each model. The Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) values are also calculated to identify the significant variables in GBDT.Results There were 8,792 patients who underwent emergency colorectal surgery. The in-hospital mortality rates were 11.9% and 11.3% for the training/validation and testing datasets, respectively. After model training, the AUROC was calculated for in-hospital mortality prediction with each trained machine-learning model. Therefore, the AUROC values of 0.742, 0.782, 0.814, and 0.768 were obtained for logistic regression, random forests, GBDT, and MLP. According to SHAP values, age, colorectal cancer, use of laparoscopy, and some laboratory variables, including serum lactate dehydrogenase serum albumin, and blood urea nitrogen, were significantly associated with in-hospital mortality.Conclusion We successfully generated the machine-learning prediction model, including GBDT, with the best prediction performance and exploited the potential for use in evaluating in-hospital mortality risk for patients who undergo emergency colorectal surgery.
Sequential optimal selections of single-qubit gates in parameterized quantum circuits
Authors: Wada Kaito , Raymond Rudy , Sato Yuki , Watanabe Hiroshi
Published: May 2023

In variational quantum algorithms, it is important to balance conflicting requirements of expressibility and trainability of a parameterized quantum circuit (PQC). However, appropriate PQC designs are not necessarily trivial. Here, we propose an algorithm for optimizing the PQC structure, where single-qubit gates are sequentially replaced by the optimal ones via diagonalization of a matrix whose elements are evaluated on slightly modified circuits. This replacement leads to a better approximation of target states with limited circuit depth. Furthermore, we clarify the existence of a barren plateau in the sequential optimization in terms of the spectrum concentration of the matrix, which defines the cost landscape with respect to changes in the target gate. Then, we rigorously show the concentration is no faster than polynomials in the number of qubits when an $n$-qubit PQC depth is $O(\log{n})$ using local observables. Finally, numerical experiments are provided to show the convergence of our method which is faster than gradient-based optimizers. Our results provide evidences for sequential optimizers as better alternatives to optimize PQCs on near-term quantum devices.
Identification of PRODH as a mitochondria and angiogenesis related biomarker for the lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: xi xinran , zhang meng , li yonghua , wang xianghai
Published: May 2023

Background:
The mitochondria and their associated genes were highly related to cellular metabolism. It plays a vital role in the therapy tumors. Angiogenesis is a critical process in the development and progression of tumors, including lung adenocarcinoma. Tumor growth and metastasis are dependent on angiogenesis.
This study identified genes related to mitochondria and angiogenesis in lung adenocarcinoma. Based on the high and low expression of the genes in lung adenocarcinoma, we grouped them and conducted relevant bioinformatics analysis on differentially expressed genes.
Results:
We screened genes related to mitochondria and angiogenesis in the differential genes of lung adenocarcinoma, and identified PRODH as a gene of interest. The expression of PRODH was associated with the survival outcome of lung adenocarcinoma patients. Additionally, PRODH was also found to be associated with immune cell infiltration and tumor mutations.
Conclusion:
Mitochondrial metabolism and angiogenesis can have significant therapeutic benefits for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients.
We identified a gene-PRODH which can promote tumor angiogenesis and contribute to tumor growth and metastasis. PRODH may be a prospective therapeutic target in LUAD as well as a possible diagnostic and prognostic biomarker associated with immune infiltration and Tumor Mutational Burden (TMB).
Preliminary study on miRNA in prostate cancer
Authors: Abudoubari Saimaitikari , Bu Ke , Mei Yujie , Maimaitiyiming Abudukeyoumu , An Hengqing , Tao Ning
Published: May 2023

Objective
To screen for miRNAs differentially expressed in prostate cancer and prostate hyperplasia tissues and to validate their association with prostate cancer.
Methods
Patients diagnosed by pathology in the Department of Urology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from October 2021 to June 2022 were selected and their general clinical information, blood samples and prostate tissue samples were collected; miRNA microarray technology was performed to obtain differentially expressed miRNAs in prostate cancer and hyperplasia tissues, and miRNAs to be studied were screened by microarray results and review of relevant literature; detection of miRNAs expression in the patients' blood and prostate tissue samples was measured; the miRNA-222-mimics were transfected into PC3 cells, and cell biology experiments such as CCK8, scratch, Transwell and flow cytometry were performed to detect the effects of overexpressed miRNA-222 on the growth and proliferation, invasive ability, apoptotic ability and metastatic ability of prostate cancer cells.
Results
The results of miRNA microarray showed that there were many differentially expressed miRNAs in prostate cancer and hyperplasia tissues, and four miRNAs, miRNA-144, miRNA-222, miRNA-1248 and miRNA-3651 were finally selected as the subjects by reviewing relevant literature; the results showed that the expression of miRNA-222 in prostate cancer tissues was lower than that in prostate hyperplasia tissues (P < 0.05); the expression of miRNA-222, miRNA-1248 and miRNA-3651 in blood samples of prostate cancer patients was lower than that in prostate hyperplasia patients (P < 0.05); the analysis results indicated that the f/t ratio, the relative expression of miRNA-222 and miRNA-1248 were independent influences of prostate cancer (P < 0.05), in which overexpression of miRNA-222 decreased the proliferative, invasive and metastatic abilities of PC3 cells and enhanced the level of apoptosis of cancer cells.
Conclusions
Although there was no significant change in the overall incidence of prostate cancer in this study, significant changes occurred in the incidence of prostate cancer with different characteristics. In addition, the nomogram prediction model of prostate cancer-specific survival rate constructed based on four factors has a high reference value, which helps physicians to correctly assess the patient-specific survival rate and provides a reference basis for patient diagnosis and prognosis evaluation.
Ubiquitination-related regulator UBTD1 closely associated with Immune Escape and suppressed cells ferroptosis in Colorectal Carcinogenesis
Authors: Jin Yuzhao , Chen Qianping , Tang Bufu , Mao Wei , Wang Lu , Lan Huiyin , Jiang Jin , Bai Minghua , Zhu Ji
Published: May 2023

Immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint inhibitors is currently a hot topic of investigation in the therapy of colorectal cancer (CRC). The most reliable predictors of immune effectiveness are, at present, microsatellite instability (MSI) and mismatch repair gene status (MMR).In contrast, other immune efficacy predictors remain desirable to facilitate individualized immunotherapy for CRC patients. Ubiquitination and its associated ubiquitin-binding enzymes and ligases regulate the tumor microenvironment and antitumor immunity to mediate tumor pathogenesis and progression. Here, we examined the molecular characteristics and immunomodulatory effects of ubiquitination-associated genes mediating the prognosis of CRC cancer. UBTD1 was identified as a significant prognostic, predictive gene for CRC, involved in regulating the immune checkpoint levels and immune cell function of CRC patients. Briefly, high expression of UBTD1 tended to enhance the presence of immune checkpoints to induce immune escape and inhibit the onset of ferroptosis. Our study demonstrated that UBTD1 was a prognostic marker for CRC in the regulation of ubiquitination and the tumor immune microenvironment and may serve as a predictor of immune efficacy and a modulator of ferroptosis.
Hospital mortality: The weekend effect and the time between emergency admission and the start of normal inpatient care
Authors: Castaño-Pérez Sara , Medina-García José A. , de León Antonio Cabrera
Published: May 2023

Objectives To analyse mortality associated to emergency admissions on weekends and holidays (WE), differentiating whether the patients were admitted to the Internal Medicine department or to the hospital as a whole.Methods Retrospective follow-up study of patients discharged between 2015 and 2019 in: a) the Internal Medicine (IM) department (n = 7656) and b) the hospital as a whole (n = 83146). Logistic regression models were fitted to analyse mortality.Results There was a significant increase in mortality for patients admitted in WE with short stays in IM (48, 72 and 96 hours: OR = 2.50, 1.89 and 1.62, respectively), and hospital-wide (OR = 2.02, 1.41 and 1.13). The highest risk per WE admission occurred on Fridays (stays ≤ 48 hours: OR = 3.92 [95% CI = 2.06–7.48] in IM), with no effect on Sundays. The risk of death increased with the time elapsed from admission until the inpatient department took over care (OR = 5.51 [95% CI = 1.42–21.40] in IM when this time reached 4 days).Conclusions Whether it was MI patients or hospital-wide patients, the risk of death associated with emergency admission in WE increased with the time between admission and transfer of care to the inpatient department; consequently, Friday was the day with the highest risk while Sunday lacked a weekend effect. Healthcare systems should correct this serious problem.
Brain Oxygenation Response to Hypercapnia in Acute Brain Injured Patients
Authors: Anderloni Marco , Schuind Sophie , Salvagno Michele , Donadello Katia , Peluso Lorenzo , Annoni Filippo , Taccone Fabio Silvio , Bogossian Elisa Gouvea
Published: May 2023

Background
Cerebral hypoxia is a frequent cause of secondary brain damage in patients with acute brain injury. Although hypercapnia can increase intracranial pressure, it may have beneficial effects on tissue oxygenation. We aimed to assess the effects of hypercapnia on brain tissue oxygenation (PbtO2).
Methods
This single-center retrospective study (November 2014-June 2022) included all patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) after acute brain injury who required multimodal monitoring including PbtO2 and who underwent induced moderate hypoventilation and increased PaCO2, according to the decision of the treating physician. Patients with imminent brain death were excluded. “Responders” to hypercapnia were defined as those with an increase of at least 20% in PbtO2 values when compared to their baseline levels.
Results
On a total of 163 eligible patients, we identified 23 (14%) patients who underwent moderate hypoventilation (PaCO2 from 44 [42–45] to 50 [49–53] mmHg; p < 0.001) during the study period at a median of 6 (4–10) days following ICU admission; 6 patients had traumatic brain injury (TBI) and 17 had subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). A significant overall increase in median PbtO2 values from baseline [21 (19–26) to 24 (22–26) mmHg; p = 0.02] was observed. Eight (35%) patients were considered as “responders”, with a median increase of 7 (from 4 to 11) mmHg of PbtO2, while non-responders showed no changes (from − 1 to 2 mmHg of PbtO2). Due to the small sample size, no variable independently associated with PbtO2 response was identified. No correlation between the change in PaCO2 and in PbtO2 was observed.
Conclusions
In this study, a heterogeneous response of brain tissue oxygenation to induced hypercapnia was observed, but without any deleterious elevations of ICP.
Comparative Analysis of the Cutting Performances of SiAlON Ceramic, Cubic Boron Nitride and Carbide Cutting Tools for Titanium Machining
Authors: Phokobye Solomon Ntshiniki , Desai Dawood Ahmed , Tlhabadira Isaac , Sadiku Emmanuel Rotimi
Published: May 2023

The efficiency of machining operation is partly a function of the cutting parameters, such as the: cutting speed, depth of cut and cutting feed rate. With an effective cutting performance of any cutting tool, manufacturing industries will remain competitive and hence, strive to meet the dynamic service and functional requirements expected of the material. Hence, the purpose of this research is to experimentally perform a comparative analysis of the cutting performances of SiAlON, a ceramic alloy consisting of the elements: Silicon, Aluminium, Oxygen and Nitrogen, Cubic Boron Nitride (CBN) and Carbide cutting tools, during a titanium machining process. A face milling operation was performed on a computer numerical control (CNC) milling machine from these three different types of cutting tools, for the determination of the: cutting forces, cutting temperatures, cutting vibrations produced and the surface roughness, achieved during the machining of titanium (Ti-6Aℓ-4V) alloy. The Response Surface Methodology was adopted for the possible combination of the cutting parameters for the determination of the practical experimental results of the cutting responses.
Listeria Monocytogenes Meningoencephalitis in the Elderly Caused by Needle Injection: A Case Report
Authors: Du Yu , Xiang ShiZhao , Yang Ping
Published: May 2023

Background: Listeria is widely distributed in nature, and Listeria monocytogenes is the main strain that causes human infections. Listeriosis is usually a food-borne disease with low incidence and high mortality, and elderly individuals with low immunity are at a high risk of infection. However, we report a very rare case of injection-induced Listeria monocytogenesmeningoencephalitis in an elderly individual. The clinical characteristics of this case are different from those of healthy adults or food-borne infections with Listeria monocytogenes.
Case presentation: This case report describes an 80-year-old woman with diabetes who developed progressive coma, respiratory failure and shock due to repeated use of the same needle for injectinginsulin. Multiple examinations of cerebrospinal fluid pathogen culture werenegative, CT examination showed no specific changes, and the empirical use of antibiotics was ineffective. Listeria monocytogenes genes were found by next-generation sequencing of cerebrospinal fluid, and her infection was definitivelydiagnosed as Listeria monocytogenesmeningoencephalitis. After the appropriate antibiotic therapy, the patient's condition was well alleviated andreturned to normal life after six months of follow-up. Conclusions: We learned from the cases that Listeria monocytogenes meningoencephalitis in elderly individuals infected by nonfood-borne routes is characterized by occult onset, rapid progression, easily confused clinical manifestations and a low positive rate of cerebrospinal fluid culture. Due to easy misdiagnosis early on, a thorough examination should be started as soon as possible, and doctors should be aware of the symptoms of this disease. Early diagnosis and early treatment will helpreduce the mortality and debilitation caused by this disease.
The efficiency of Liposomal paclitaxel versus docetaxel in neoadjuvant chemotherapy on locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a retrospective study
Authors: yang zhi , zuo quan , liu rong , wu hui , xiong li , jia Jieqi , xiang Zhibi
Published: May 2023

Purpose
This retrospective study aimed to explore the efficiency and untoward reaction of liposomal paclitaxel versus docetaxel for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).
Methods
This study retrospectively enrolled 115 patients with NPC from our hospital from January 2018 to December 2021. Patients were divided into the liposomal paclitaxel (n = 71) and docetaxel groups (n = 44) following the neoadjuvant chemotherapy protocol. Objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), locoregional relapse-free survival (LRFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and overall survival (OS) were compared between the two groups.
Results
ORR was significantly improved in the liposomal paclitaxel group than in the docetaxel group (62.0% versus 40.9%, P = 0.028). The 3-year PFS (PFS: 84.4% versus 77.5%, P = 0.303), LRFS (95.8% versus 94.4%, P = 0.810), DMFS (87.2% versus 84.9%, P = 0.648), and OS (90.7% versus 88.8%, P = 0.306) revealed no significance. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.510; P = 0.039) and distant metastasis (HR: 4.384; P = 0.035) were regarded as the risk factors using multivariate regression analysis. Moreover, the incidence of leukopenia at levels 1–2 in the liposomal paclitaxel group was significantly lower than in the docetaxel group (28.1% versus 79.5%, P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Liposomal paclitaxel had better efficacy in terms of short-term effects and lower incidence of leukopenia at levels 1–2 compared with the docetaxel group.
Reversed Phase Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction for Sensitive Ion Chromatographic Determination of Metal Cations in Sesame Oil
Authors: Jaberi Mohsen , Hashemi Payman , Rahimi Akram
Published: May 2023

Reversed-phase dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (RP-DLLME) was proposed in the present work to separate and preconcentrate metal cations in sesame oil before their detection through ion chromatography-conductivity detection (IC-CDD). This method facilitates the direct extraction of cations like Na+, Pb2+, K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ from oil specimens into an aqueous micro-drop to inject into the chromatography column. Four parameters were included in the process as the pH of water, volume of water and THF, and centrifugation time through a response surface technique. Five replicated analyses were performed under optimized circumstances (1.5 mL THF as a disperser and 60 µL water at pH 9 as an extraction solvent). Thus, recoveries of 110%, 108%, 107.2%, 104.2%, and 106.8% were displayed with respective standard deviations of 10.3, 9.8, 7.3, 9.7, and 6.7 for K+, Na+, Mg2+, Pb2+, and Ca2+. The detection limits (3σ) for the method were 0.007 µg mL− 1 for K+, 0.001 µg mL− 1 for Na+, 0.011 µg mL− 1 for Mg2+, 0.008 µg mL− 1 for Pb2+, and 0.009 µg mL− 1 for Ca2+. The method could successfully determine the existence of metal cations in four sesame oil specimens.
Understanding the interface between European wild boar (Sus scrofa) and domestic pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus) in Sweden through a questionnaire study
Authors: Ernholm Linda , Ståhl Karl , Neimanis Aleksija , Widgren Stefan , Sternberg-Lewerin Susanna
Published: May 2023

In recent years, the wildlife/livestock interface has attracted increased attention due to disease transmission between wild and domestic animal populations. The ongoing spread of African swine fever (ASF) in European wild boar (Sus scrofa) emphasize the need for further understanding of the wildlife/livestock interface to prevent disease spill-over between the wild and domestic populations. Wild boar may also act as a potential source for other infectious disease agents, although ASF may currently be considered the most severe threat from wild boar to domestic pigs. To gather information on the wild boar situation at commercial pig producing farms in Sweden, a digital questionnaire survey was distributed through the animal health services. Most pigs produced for commercial purposes in Sweden are raised without outdoor access. Around 80% of the responding pig producers saw wild boar or signs of wild boar activity in the vicinity of their farm at least once during the year. Observations were significantly correlated with geographical region, but there was no correlation between farm characteristics (farm size, main type of production, outdoor access) and observed wild boar presence or proximity. However, observations made in closer proximity to the farm were positively correlated with higher frequency of wild boar observations. Hunting and strategic baiting were the most common mitigation strategies used to keep wild boar at bay. At 12 out of 14 responding farms, pigs with outdoor access could be raised solely indoors, if needed. Pigs with outdoor access are required to be fenced in, but double fencing in these outdoor pig enclosures was not practiced by all. A perimeter fence surrounding any type of pig farm is very rare. More than half of the producers that grew crops with intended use for pigs reported crop damage by wild boar. This study shows that although pigs raised for commercial purposes in Sweden are, to a large extent, kept indoors the potential for indirect contact with wild boar exists and must be considered. Variable local situations may require an adaptive approach regarding biosecurity efforts.
An adaptive neural network sliding mode controller for nonlinear active suspension with uncertain parameters and non-ideal actuators
Authors: Shang Ting , Zhang Jianhong , Long Jiangqi
Published: May 2023

Active suspension systems (ASSs) are contributed to improving ride comfort and maneuverability. However, practical ASSs commonly suffer from nonlinear characteristics, uncertain parameters and non-ideal actuators, which always significantly deteriorate the control performance in practice. To overcome these issues, this paper proposes an adaptive neural network sliding mode control (ANNSMC) strategy for an ASS to achieve suspension performance improvements. Firstly, the skyhook system as a reference model which doesn’t require real-time measurement of road input is adopted to provide reference trajectories for the sprung mass displacement and velocity. In addition, an adaptive radial basis function neural network is designed and presented to deal with the effects of uncertain nonlinear functions in the dynamic system. Furthermore, the stability of the closed-loop system is proved by the Lyapunov stability theory. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed controller is verified by numerical simulation and experimental platform, and the advantages of the proposed ANNSMC controller in suppressing suspension vibration are illustrated by comparing the performance of passive suspension (PS), sliding mode control (SMC) and linear quadratic regulator (LQR) controlled active suspension under different road excitations. The simulation and experimental results further demonstrate that the proposed controller can effectively suppress sprung mass vibrations and offers superior control performance despite the existence of nonlinear dynamics, uncertain parameters and non-ideal actuators.
Fabrication of Al/AlOx/Al junctions with high uniformity and stability on sapphire substrates
Authors: Zheng Yuzhen , Li Shuming , Ding Zengqian , Xiong Kanglin , Feng Jiagui , Yang Hui
Published: May 2023

Tantalum and aluminum on sapphire are widely used platforms for qubits of long coherent time. As quantum chips scale up, the number of Josephson junctions on Sapphire increases. Thus, both the uniformity and stability of the junctions are crucial to quantum devices, such as scalable superconducting quantum computer circuit, and quantum-limited amplifiers. By optimizing the fabrication process, especially, the conductive layer during the electron beam lithography process, Al/AlOx/Al junctions of sizes ranging from 0.0169 to 0.04 µm2 on sapphire substrates were prepared. The relative standard deviation of room temperature resistances (RN) of these junctions is better than 1.7% on 15 mm×15 mm chips, and better than 2.66% on 2 inch wafers, which is the highest uniformity on sapphire substrates has been reported. The junctions are robust and stable in resistances as temperature changes. The resistances increase by the ratio of 9.73% relative to RN as the temperature ramp down to 4K, and restore their initial values in the reverse process as the temperature ramps back to RT. After being stored in a nitrogen cabinet for 100 days, the resistance of the junctions changed by1.16% in average. The demonstration of uniform and stable Josephson junctions in large area paves the way for the fabrication of superconducting chip of hundreds of qubits on sapphire substrates.
Neurocomputational mechanisms of biased impression formation in lonely individuals
Authors: Park Soyoung , Bellucci Gabriele
Published: May 2023

Social impressions are fundamental in our daily interactions with other people but forming accurate impressions of our social partners can be biased to different extents. Loneliness has previously been suggested to induce biases that hinder the formation of accurate impressions of others for successful social bonding. Here, we demonstrated that despite counterfactual evidence, negative first impressions bias information weighting, leading to less favorable trustworthiness beliefs. Lonely individuals did not only have more negative expectations of others’ social behavior, but they also manifested a stronger weighting bias. Reduced orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) activity was associated with a stronger weighting bias in lonelier individuals and mediated the relationship between loneliness and this weighting bias. Importantly, stronger coupling between OFC and temporoparietal junction compensated for such effects, promoting more positive trustworthiness beliefs. These findings bear potential for future basic and clinical investigations on social cognition and the development of clinical symptoms linked to loneliness.
Inequities Among Hospital Donor Human Milk Access
Authors: Cohen Ronald , Joe Lenae , Kan Peiyi , Lee Henry , Toney-Noland Caroline
Published: May 2023

Objective
Donor human milk (DHM) can provide nutritional benefits to neonates. This study examines access to DHM and how structural barriers may exacerbate inequities.
Study Design
The median test and ANOVA test were used to compare the distribution maternal race/ethnicity and insurance status variables with DHM access for California NICUs in 2021.
Result
Across 124 NICUs, those serving a higher percentage of white families were more likely to have access to DHM (p = 0.04). NICUs with a higher percentage of Hispanic families were less likely to have access to DHM (p = 0.03). Hospitals that had higher proportions of uninsured patients were also less likely to have access to DHM (p = 0.015).
Conclusion
Inequities in DHM access and use among NICU infants begin at the structural level. Policies that reduce barriers to DHM access may reduce health inequities for Hispanic and uninsured families.
Oviposition preferences in temperate grasshoppers: Conserved temperature requirements but contrasting responses to humidity across species
Authors: Knapp Michal , Dvořák Tomáš
Published: May 2023

The right choice of an oviposition site is a crucial task for oviparous species without maternal care. In contrast to well investigated biotic factors, e.g., larval food preferences, parasitism, predation, and competition avoiding, abiotic factors affecting oviposition preferences in insects have been rarely investigated in comparative studies. To improve our current understanding of oviposition site selection in orthoptera, we investigated the influence of substrate temperature and moisture on oviposition behaviour for 14 temperate grasshopper species. Conspecific groups of adults were kept in arenas with simultaneous temperature and moisture gradients. For each ootheca produced during the experiment (1192 in total) we recorded its depth and local microclimatic conditions. Our results indicate that microclimatic oviposition preferences significantly differ among species, however, correlations between adult habitat preferences and microclimatic oviposition preferences were surprisingly weak. Even oligothermic species preferred substrate temperatures around 30°C and some xerothermic species preferred higher humidity. Hypothesized tendency to place oothecae closer to the ground within grass tussocks under hot and dry conditions was confirmed. It is possible that species evaluate microclimatic conditions for oviposition in the context of occupied habitat, i.e., in a relative rather than absolute manner.
Estimation of photosynthetic induction is significantly affected by inside and outside light intensity in Oryza genus
Authors: Xiong Zhuang , Xiao Jian , Zhao Jinfang , Liu Sicheng , Yang Desheng , Xiong Dongliang , Cui Kehui , Peng Shaobing , Huang Jianliang
Published: May 2023

Nowadays, an increasing number of scientists have realized the important role of photosynthetic induction and stomatal kinetics in regulating plant growth ang water use efficiency under fluctuating light environments. However, measurements of photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance (gs) during light induction are differs among studies. On the other hands, it is still under debate whether steady- and non-steady state gs are related to stomatal morphology. Here, we observed a strong effect of inside and outside light intensity of leaf chamber on photosynthetic induction. Lower light significantly decreased photosynthetic induction by altering stomatal and biochemical processes. It is meaningful to measuring photosynthetic induction on a whole plants irradiated environment in the future. Moreover, higher density of smaller stomata contributed to the response of stomatal opening and photosynthetic rate to fluctuating light, but had little effect on gs,steady under a constant light condition. Our findings may be beneficial to estimate rice photosynthetic efficiency under fluctuating light environments in the future.
Identification of Mine Water Sources using a Multi-Dimensional Ion-Causative Nonlinear Algorithmic Model
Authors: Zheng Qiushuang , Liu Weitao , Yang Yang , Zhu Ye
Published: May 2023

This paper investigates the water quality system using the Piper diagram method to qualitatively analyze the distribution, characteristics, and laws of typical ion content. It also compares the differences between ion components of each aquifer with the closeness of the water body to be discriminated by combining statistical characteristic values. The R factor is utilized to simplify the index attributes, reduce input information dimension, and construct the coupled R-SVM discriminative model of Zhaogezhuang Mine. The input index is established as typical ion content, and the output is water source type. The discriminative model automatically establishes the mapping relationship between water quality indexes and discriminative criteria by learning the inherent property law between water quality samples. The independence components after dimensionality reduction are used as new discriminative indexes. The accuracy of the coupled model classification was 90.90% in the verification of the water source discrimination example of Zhaogezhuang mine. The coupled quantitative discriminant model based on R-factor and support vector machine provides an auxiliary verification and scientific decision for qualitative water chemistry analysis and provides a new idea for water source identification. Compared with the traditional qualitative way of water chemistry characteristics, Fisher function discrimination method, and single support vector machine model, this method improved the accuracy by more fully exploiting the internal laws of the data.
Perspectives on Acute Myeloid Leukemia Diagnosis: A Comparative Analysis of the Latest World Health Organization and the International Consensus Classifications
Authors: Jung Jin , Kwag Daehun , Kim Yonggoo , Lee Jong-Mi , Ahn Ari , Kim Hoon Seok , Bae Byunggyu , Park Silvia , Kim Hee-Je , Cho Byung-Sik , Kim Myungshin
Published: May 2023

This study compares and analyzes the 5th edition of the WHO classification (WHO 2022) and the International Consensus Classification (ICC) in the context of 861 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients from Seoul St. Mary's Hospital. Using WHO 2022, 154 patients were reclassified from WHO 2016, including 23 with KMT2A rearrangement and additional 23 with other genetic abnormalities. AML myelodysplasia-related (AML-MR) category was significantly affected by the WHO 2022, with 8.2% reclassified from AML with RUNX1 mutation and 15.2% from AML-not otherwise specified when the majority of them were from AML-myelodysplasia related changes (AML-MRC) according to WHO 2016. AML-MR showed significantly worse survival outcomes than AML defined by differentiation. Among the AML-MR subgroup, patients with a history of myelodysplastic syndrome or myelodysplastic syndrome/myeloproliferative disorder had a poorer prognosis compared to AML-MR defined by mutation and/or cytogenetics. ICC adopted three categories associated with AML-MRC: 34 patients with AML with mutated TP53, 169 with AML-MR-gene mutations, and 67 with AML-MR-cytogenetic abnormalities among included patients. AML with mutated TP53, mostly from AML-MRC, was an unfavorable subtype with poor prognostic outcomes. Our evaluation supports the refinements made in WHO 2022 and ICC of AML and proposes additional refinements to provide more accurate prognostic information.
Provision of bystander CPR for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in the Middle East: A retrospective gender-based analysis
Authors: Awad Emad , Alinier Guillaume , Farhat Hassan , Rumbolt Niki , Azizurrahman Adnaan , Mortada Buthaina , Shami Rakan
Published: May 2023

Background
Previous studies conducted in North America, Europe, and East Asia (10, 16, 20, 21) reported gender disparities in the provision of bystander CPR for patients with out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). However, it remains unknown whether similar disparities exist in the Middle Eastern and Gulf regions. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate gender differences in the provision of bystander CPR for patients with OHCA in Qatar.
Methods
Retrospective analysis of data obtained from Hamad Medical Corporation OHCA registry in the State of Qatar (2016–2022). We included adults with non-traumatic and EMS-attended OHCA. We used multilevel logistic regression to examine the association between gender and provision of bystander CPR.
Results
In total, 4283 patients were included. Of those, 3414 (79.7%) were males, 1639 (38.3%) arrested in public locations, and 1463 (34.2%) received bystander CPR. Unadjusted comparisons showed that females were significantly older than males (mean age: 62.2 vs. 52.7). Females had a lower proportion of OHCA occurring in public locations (15.1% vs. 44.2%) and a lower proportion of shockable rhythm (11.9 vs. 27.5%). Regarding the outcome variable (provision of bystander CPR), the unadjusted analysis showed that the proportion of females who received bystander CPR was lower than that of males (29.2% vs. 35.4%, p < 0.001). However, after adjustment, we found no significant difference in provision of bystander CPR by gender (adjusted OR female vs. male 0.99, 95% CI 0.84–1.20, p = 0.97). In the subgroup who arrested in public locations, the analysis revealed females had greater odds of receiving bystander CPR (adjusted OR female vs. male 1.47, 95% CI 1.10–1.82, p = 0.04).
Conclusions
Overall, bystander CPR was less common in female gender, after adjustment for other covariates, including arrest location, we found no significant gender differences in provision of bystander CPR. We also observed that females were found to have a lower incidence of cardiac arrest in public locations. Nevertheless, if females were to experience cardiac arrest in a public location, they would be more likely to receive CPR. Further research is required to explain the observed differences in provision of bystander CPR.
Hybrid Method to Enhance Effectiveness and Efficiency for Information Retrieval in Web Search Engines
Authors: Edrees Zahir , Ortakcı Yasin
Published: May 2023

Search engines are very important tool today, most of people depend on it to achieve the information they need it. The main issue of search engine is ranking algorithms because it provides top relevant web pages related to the search operation. İn this paper will describe the Page ranking algorithm, as an important part of information retrieval and we modified pagerank algorithm we called our proposed algorithm smart clustering pagerank (SCPR) after that we made hybrid between our proposed algorithm SCPR and BM25 algorithm . Also we compared between them according to time response, efficiency, effectiveness, importance and limitation, the evaluation results show that the our proposed method had better effectiveness and reduced computational time.
Title: Comparative study of the effect of patient-centered and family-centered self-care education program on the quality of life and fatigue of patients with multiple sclerosis: A quasi-experimental study.
Authors: Rooddehghan Zahra , Nezhad Mozhgan Moghaddasi , Moghadam Masoumeh Zakeri , Karimi Raoofeh
Published: May 2023

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) has a significant effect on the quality of life and fatigue of affected people. Performing self-care behaviors improves the quality of life of MS patients and reduces their fatigue. Effective educational methods can be used to help these patients. This study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effect of patient-centered and family-centered self-care training programs on the quality of life and fatigue of patients with multiple sclerosis.
Methods:This is a quasi-experimental study that was conducted on the MS patients referred to the Iranian MS Association. Sampling was done by convenience method, and the participants were divided into three groups of intervention 1, intervention 2 and control. To create a random sequence in the three groups, blocks of nine were used. The control group received no intervention but the intervention groups 1 and 2 received the desired training in the form of workshop with the difference that in the intervention group 2, the patient participated in the training sessions along with one of his/her family members. The phone call follow-up was continued for 8 weeks after the last training session. The questionnaire of quality of life in patients with MS (MSQOL-54), fatigue scale (FIS) and demographic information form were used for data collection. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS-16 statistical software, using descriptive and statistical statistics.
Result: A statistically significant difference in the mean scores of quality of life (P<0.001) and fatigue (P<0.001) was observed between both intervention groups and the control group. A statistically significant difference in the mean scores of quality of life (P<0.001) and fatigue was also observed between the intervention group 2 (family-centered training) and intervention group 1 (patient-centered training).
Conclusions: The family-centered self-care training method can be used in MS patients to improve their quality of life and fatigue.
Ciceribacter sichuanense sp. nov., isolated from root nodules of soybean in Sichuan, China
Authors: Zhang Yanqin , Chen Yuanxue , Penttinen Petri , Quan Ying , Wen Licheng , Yang Miao , Zhang Xiaoping , Chen Qiang , Zhang Lingzi , Zhang Junjie , Zhang Xiaoxia , Xu Kaiwei
Published: May 2023

The fast-growing rhizobia-like strains S101T and S153, isolated from nodules of Glycine max in Sichuan, P.R. China, were characterized by using a polyphasic taxonomy approach. Growth was observed at 20–40°C (optimum, 28°C), pH 4.0–10.0 (optimum, pH 7) and with up to≤2.0% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0.01%) on Yeast Mannitol Agar (YMA) plates. 16S rRNA genes of strain S101T and Ciceribacter daejeonense L61T were 98.4% similar. The major cellular fatty acids of strain S101T were summed feature 8 (C18:1ω7c and/or C18:1ω6c) and C19:0 cyclo ω8c. The DNA G+C contents of S101T and S153 were 61.1 mol% and 61.3 mol%, respectively. The digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) relatedness and average nucleotide identity (ANI) values between S101T and the most closely related type strain C. daejeonense L61T were 46.2% and 91.4–92.2%, respectively. Therefore, we propose that the strains S101T and S153 represent a novel species with the name Ciceribacter sichuanense sp. nov. and strain S101T as the type strain (CGMCC 1.61309T= JCM 35649T).
Factors associated with unmet need for family planning among unmarried women in Rwanda
Authors: Bigirimana Rosine , Ogendi Japheths , Muragijimana Freddy Egide , Ndatimana Dieudonne , Ndibaza Amedee Fidele , Kalisa Richard
Published: May 2023

Background
In Rwanda, 37% of sexually active unmarried women are not using any contraceptive methods to space or limit the number of pregnancies. Thus, factors, reasons for not using contraceptives and intentions for future use are not well documented. We aimed to assess factors associated with the unmet need for family planning (FP), reasons and intentions for the future among sexually active unmarried women in Rwanda.
Method
Researcher-designed data abstraction form was used to conduct a secondary data analysis using Rwanda demographic and health survey (RDHS) 2019/2020 which had surveyed on 12,949 households, of whom 417 were sexually active unmarried women. Sociodemographic characteristics, reasons and intentions are presented using frequencies and percentages. Logistic regression models were fitted to identify factors associated with the unmet need for FP at 95% CI, with a probability value of ≤ 0.05.
Results
Out of 417 unmarried women, 156 (37%) were identified with an unmet need for family planning. The majority of women were aged between 15–24 years (n = 155, 37%), protestants (n = 224, 54%), richer wealth index (n = 105, 25%), owned medical insurance (n = 320, 77%) and 264 (63%) had between one to four children. Factors associated with unmet need for FP were: being richer (aOR: 0.46; 95% CI: 0.23–0.91; p = 0.025), richest wealth category (aOR = 0.435; 95% CI: 0.2091–0.905; p = 0.026), multiparty (aOR: 0.23; 95% CI: 0.13–0.42; p < 0.000) and nulliparous (aOR: 0.26; 95% CI: 0.11–0.59; p < 0.001). Amongst the 97 women who had provided reasons for not using FP, most cited reasons for not using FP in future were having infrequent sex (n = 46, 47.4%), nulliparous (n = 11, 11.3%) and fear of side effects (n = 7, 7.2%). While 73.1% (n = 114) of women had the intention to use FP in future.
Conclusion
We found that one in three unmarried women had an unmet need for FP. Richer, richest, nulliparous, and multiparous are less affected than their counterparts. Thus, need for tailored social behavioural change messages on FP for each female subpopulation (poor wealth categories and one to four children) when designing public health programs that will effectively address their FP unmet needs.