bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study of Subcortical Atrophy in Patients with Frontotemporal Dementia and Dementia with Extrapyramidal Signs
Authors: Caixeta Leonardo , Vieira Renata Teles , Paes Flávia , Carta Mauro Giovanni , Nardi Antonio Egidio , Arias-Carrión Oscar , Rocha Nuno B. F , Budde Henning , Machado Sergio
Published: April 2015

Objectives :
To investigate the severity of subcortical atrophy in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) without extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) and dementia with EPS. In addition, we aim to verify if there is correlation between demographic and clinical characteristics and subcortical atrophy in the groups. Methodology : The sample was composed of 21 patients with dementia and EPS as well as 19 patients with FTD without EPS. A linear assessment was conducted in order to identify the degree of subcortical atrophy (i.e., bifrontal index - BFI) using MRI. Moreover, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Pfeffer Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ) and the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) were used to investigate clinical aspects. Results : It was verified that patients with dementia and EPS was older than the patients with FTD (p=0.01). The severity of cognitive deficits was associated with BFI, as well as the dementia severity in the EPS group. Conclusion : FTD group presented mean BFI scores above the cutoff for normal elderly population, indicating the presence of subcortical atrophy in this group. Mean BFI was higher (although not statistically significant) in FTD group than in dementia with EPS, which can suggest at least that subcortical pathology in FTD may be as important as in the dementia with EPS group. Subcortical atrophy is a good biological marker for cognitive deterioration in FTD and in dementia with EPS.
Vertex PI Index and Szeged Index of Certain Special Molecular Graphs
Authors: Yan Li , Li Junsheng , Gao Wei
Published: April 2015

The vertex PI index and Szeged index are distance-based topological index which reflect certain structural
features of organic molecules. Each structural feature of such organic molecule can be expressed as a graph. In this paper,
we determine the vertex PI index and Szeged index of fan molecular graph, wheel molecular graph, gear fan molecular
graph, gear wheel molecular graph, and their r-corona molecular graphs.
A Modular Approach to Power Flow Regulation Solution
Authors: Liu-Lin Yang , Nai-Shan Hang , Bai-Jiang Liu
Published: April 2015

The operating modes of generations and the voltage states of power system must be solved when calculating
and analyzing the power flow problem with operation demands. The generation variable differential were derived as well
as the complete principle of variable differential analysis was formed, based on the model of expanded power flow with
constraints, by using the implicit function differential method, the linear composing relation between the voltage variable
differential and the expanded correction equations which included the equations of PQV node and branch power, solutions
were also proposed. This new solving method is not featured in minimum variables however it is featured as a one-time
simultaneous solution. Through the IEEE 5 bus system, the analyzing cases of total differential sensitivity and operation
under conditions of constant line power and constant node voltage were carried out, these cases described the fact that the
mixed variable solving method of power flow regulation has a simple form, small calculation volume and efficiency.
Probability Model of Power Equipment Maintenance Based on Full State Process
Authors: Wang Yantao , Han Xueshan
Published: April 2015

Equipment maintenance is one of the core tasks in power system operations. The premise and foundation for
maintenance is to establish a power equipment maintenance model, which should reflect all equipment states accurately
including operation, inspection and maintenance. On the basis of the analysis of the traditional state diagram probability
model, an improvement is put forward to revise the model for keeping in line with the actual operation and maintenance
situation of power equipment. The effectiveness and practicability of the improved model are validated perfectly by comparing
the result of the improved model with the traditional model.
Optimization Design of I-Type Plastic Extrusion Die Based on Flow
Balance
Authors: Fang Hai-Feng , Cai Li-Hua , Wang Ming-Qiang , Wang Qi , He De-Fang
Published: April 2015

With the I-type plastic extrusion die for example, the advantages and disadvantages between the traditional
design method and optimization design method were compared. The design was studied via finite element numeric
analysis combined with optimization, whose objective was the equal average flow velocity of each sub-field of profile
cross section at extrusion die. And the optimization design was studied by tacking the thickness of the entrance of
transition section and the sectional dimension of forming section as the design variables. An example was provided to
illustrate the optimization method proposed above. Results showed that the flow nonuniformity index could be reduced
almost 9% and the mean flow velocity could be improved 28% by optimizing the design variables such as the thickness of
the entrance of transition section and the sectional dimension of forming section.
Research on Rapid Design Method for Complex Product Based on General
Structure Model and Reusable Parts Resource
Authors: He Li , Sun Wenlei
Published: April 2015

Because of a few characteristics of complex product, such as the variety of its components, and the structural
complexity and so on, the realization of the rapid design of complex product requires combination of a variety of theories
and methods that support product’s rapid design. Therefore, this study assesses complex products and puts forward a new
rapid design method based on general structure model and reusable parts resource. First of all, the characteristics and
implementation process of this method is summarized. Then, the general structure model of the complex product family is
established on the basis of modular thoughts, and the definitions of the four vari-size grained abstract concepts are
discussed in this model as well as its semantic relationships. The configuration design of the complex products is based
on this general structural model, and with the increase of networked product design information, and more and more manufacturing enterprises have built
up their own web-based component repositories to store those detailed design information. On account of those, the rapid design process of the complex product is introduced, with configuration
design and reusable parts resource as the core. Lastly, an application example (i.e. the conventional beam pumping unit) is
presented to verify the feasibility of which has been discussed above.
Film Stiffness Analysis for Angular Contact Ball Bearings Considering
Thermal Effect
Authors: Lei Chun L. , Rui Zhi Y. , Wu Qin , Guo Jun F. , Ren Li N.
Published: April 2015

In order to more accurately calculate the film stiffness of angular contact ball bearing, it is necessary to establish
the film stiffness calculation model that is consistent with reality. The frictional heat exists in high-speed ball bearings, and
can impact on oil film thickness and stiffness. The calculation model of film stiffness of an angular contact ball bearing
taking account of the effects of viscous heating was proposed based on the elastohydrodynamic lubrication theory. The
central film thickness and film stiffness have been determined. An example was calculated with this derived equation and
the result was compared with that given in other literatures. The calculation results show that the central film thickness
decreases and the film stiffness increases when friction heating are considered.
Effect of Fluoride and Chlorhexidine Digluconate Mouthrinses on Plaque Biofilms
Authors: Rabe Per , Twetman Svante , Kinnby Bertil , Svensäter Gunnel , Davies Julia R
Published: April 2015

Objective :
To develop a model in which to investigate the architecture of plaque biofilms formed on enamel surfaces in vivo and to compare the effects of anti-microbial agents of relevance for caries on biofilm vitality. Materials and Methodology : Enamel discs mounted on healing abutments in the pre-molar region were worn by three subjects for 7 days. Control discs were removed before subjects rinsed with 0.1% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) or 0.2% sodium fluoride (NaF) for 1 minute. Biofilms were stained with Baclight Live/Dead and z-stacks of images created using confocal scanning laser micoscopy. The levels of vital and dead/damaged bacteria in the biofilms, assessed as the proportion of green and red pixels respectively, were analysed using ImageTrak® software. Results : The subjects showed individual differences in biofilm architecture. The thickness of the biofilms varied from 28-96µm although cell density was always the greatest in the middle layers. In control biofilms, the overall levels of vitality were high (71-98%) especially in the area closest to the enamel interface. Rinsing with either CHX or NaF caused a similar reduction in overall vitality. CHX exerted an effect throughout the biofilm, particularly on the surface of cell clusters whereas NaF caused cell damage/death mainly in the middle to lower biofilm layers. Conclusion : We describe a model that allows the formation of mature, undisturbed oral biofilms on human enamel surfaces in vivo and show that CHX and NaF have a similar effect on overall vitality but differ in their sites of action.
Internet Access at Home and its Relationship to Well-being in Deprived Areas of London
Authors: Boniwell Ilona , Osin Evgeny N. , Renton Adrian
Published: April 2015

Purpose:

The existing studies of the association between Internet usage and well-being have produced contradictory
results. This study explores the associations between Internet access at home and well-being, as well as other lifestyle
variables.

Design/methodology/approach:

The study was done in a probability sample of 800 community-dwelling
adults aged 16 and over in six most deprived areas of the Redbridge borough of London. Using face-to-face interviews,
information on the demographics, lifestyle, Internet access at home, happiness, trait hope, and subjective health was obtained.
Path analysis and structural equation modelling were used to investigate the associations between Internet access
and well-being, controlling for demographic variables.

Findings:

Respondents with home Internet access had stronger social
ties with friends and relatives, engaged in a wider repertoire of community creative activities and cultural events, and
reported having higher social support. Controlling for demographic variables, Internet access at home was a weak but statistically
significant predictor of happiness, agency, and absence of mental health problems. The effect of home Internet
access on happiness was partially mediated by social ties.

Research limitations/implications:

The correlational nature of
the study forbids making causal inferences. The data suggest that people with low socioeconomic status may derive wellbeing
benefits from having access to information technology which can serve as an instrument for social integration.

Originality/value:

The data provide a demographic snapshot of the digital divide in one of the most deprived areas of London.
Correcting Hole Enlargement Impacts on Density Logs for Coalbed
Methane Reservoirs
Authors: Liu Zhidi , Zhao Jingzhou
Published: April 2015

Density logging is an effective method in the evaluation of coalbed methane (CBM) reservoirs. Whether density
log values effectively represent true density of coal will directly determine precision of evaluating coalbed methane
parameter logs. In this paper, a statistical method is used to analyze density log response characteristics and hole enlargement
rate for three main coal beds in the study area in order to determine the internal relation between hole enlargement
rate and density response. Analytical results show that distortion of density log response values is caused mainly by hole
enlargement impacts. Based on the apparent geometric factor theory, a model suitable for correcting hole enlargement impacts
density logs for coalbed methane reservoirs has been deduced. To correct density logs for hole enlargement influences,
it is key to determine a mud apparent geometric factor. Using measured apparent relative density, density log values
and caliper logs for coal rock, the least squares fitting method was adopted to obtain computation model constants for
the mud apparent geometric factor applicable to the study area. When this model was applied in a computer autocorrecting
process for evaluating enlargement impacts on density logs for coalbed methane reservoirs of the Hancheng gas
field in the eastern section of Ordos Basin, China, the correction results were very close to measured relative density, indicating
that this method can improve precision of correcting hole enlargement impacts on density logs.
Stability Research on the Effect of Oil Spill Dispersant I-Separation Characteristics
of Oil Spill Dispersant
Authors: Wang Qiao-min , Sun Bing , Yan Zhi-yu , Zhu Xiao-mei , Liu Hui , Xin Yan-bin
Published: April 2015

With the continuous research and development of the low-toxic and high-efficiency oil spill dispersants
(OSDs), there are an increasing number of evaluation methods for the effect of the OSDs. Currently, the majority of the
OSDs effect evaluation is related with the testing of the emulsification in the laboratory, while the stability researches on
the OSDs effect are still few. In this paper, the separation characteristics of the oil spill dispersant (OSD) and the oil were
investigated, and the stability of the effect of the OSD was also studied. Firstly, the mixture of the oil and the OSD, which
have been poured into the seawater, was thoroughly stirred, left to stand and observed. Later, the greatest separation degree
with the oil and the final stability of the OSD was obtained through the analysis. Then, the stability of the combination
between the oil and the OSD was studied under the conditions of the no wave, intermittent wave and continuous
wave. The study shows the OSD will gradually move away from the oil, which is influenced by the time and duration of
the wave action. This study provides experimental basis and methods for the research on the stability mechanism of the
OSD effect, as well as the theoretical basis for the comprehensive evaluation and the rational use of the OSD.
Stability Research on the Effect of Oil Spill Dispersant II - Impact of Wave
Intensity
Authors: Wang Qiao-min , Sun Bing , Yan Zhi-yu , Zhu Xiao-mei , Liu Hui , Xin Yan-bin
Published: April 2015

The oil spill dispersant (OSD) play an important role to deal with the frequent oil spills in the marine environment,
which can effectively reduce the interfacial tension between the oil and the seawater. However, there are many studies
showing the stability of the OSD effect changes over time, and is related with the wave. In this paper, the results show
the OSD will gradually move away from the oil, and the quantity and speed of the removed OSD is influenced by the intensity
and duration of the wave action. The stability mechanism of the OSD effect is proposed in this study. The results
of this study provide methods for the research on the stability mechanism of the OSD, as well as the theoretical basis for
the comprehensive evaluation and the rational use of the OSD.
Mapping Submarine Landslide: A Case Study in Northern Continental
Slope of the South China Sea
Authors: Su Tianyun , Li Xishuang , Li Jiagang , Liu Lejun
Published: April 2015

Geographical Information Systems is a useful tool for marine geohazard mapping. This paper describes an integrated
and systematic map-based approach for identification and characterization of submarine landslide with multidisciplinary
data such as multibeam bathymetric data, multichannel seismic data, sidescan sonar and so on. Taking Liwan 3-
1 gas field in northern continental slope of Southern China Sea as a case study, a regional database is established to provide
convenient services to manage search and extract the target data for geohazard mapping and identification.
Bathymetric map and seismo-geomorphologic map are calculated and produced with GIS to establish an elementary understanding
of geomorphologic features. With this integrated approach, dozens of landslides are identified in the study
area and they are featured as small and multiple superimposed failure scars. Fundamental information of landslides can
also be provided for further detail interpretation, quantification and assessment of their mechanism and potential risks.
System Impact Relation and Mechanism of Safety Capacity in Petrochemical
Base
Authors: Ye Jihong , Sun Yibo , Xiao Junshi
Published: April 2015

A study on the impact mechanism of safety capacity in petrochemical base is carried out, according to system
structure modeling and system dynamics simulation. The hierarchical structure model of 14 factors that affect the safety
capacity in petrochemical base is built up. Safety management and emergency management are included in the first hierarchy.
In the next hierarchy, there are three factors􀀄monitoring early warning, fire protection and medical safeguard.
Traffic conditions, store layout, dock layout, channel water conditions are involved in the third hierarchy. All the rest factors
including topographical conditions, meteorological conditions, population distribution, types and harm of hazardous
chemical are classified as the base hierarchy. Digital variables are extracted from 14 factors on the basis of the mathematical
simulation model of the feedback system. In addition, the mathematical relationship is established among these factors
with the actual operating conditions. Then impact characteristics and mechanism of different factors on safety capacity in
petrochemical base are summarized to propose the practical short-term portfolio to increase safety capacity in petrochemical
base.
Heat Loss Test and Estimate for the Large-scale Floating Roof Tank
Authors: Zhao Jian , Dong Hang , Wei Li Xin , Liu Yang
Published: April 2015

The heat loss and surface temperature of the top surface and sidewall of large-scale floating roof tank is tested
by the heat flow meter and surface temperature method. Based on the test data, the heat loss from the top surface is about
twice more than that of the sidewall which means the top surface is the weakest insulation part of the floating roof tank.
On the surface, the heat loss profile is in accord with the surface temperature distribution. Special attention is given on the
calculation of thermal conductivity for the top surface and sidewall which finally deduced the total heat transfer coefficient
of large floating roof tank. Moreover, the heat loss of floating roof tank in different working conditions is predicted.
According to the calculation results, the level of 6m is regarded as a critical level determining the heat loss. And the centralization
storage of oil is a more energy conservation storage pattern.
The Effects of Parental Monitoring and Communication on Adolescent Substance Use and Risky Sexual Activity: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ryan Jill , Roman Nicolette V. , Okwany Auma
Published: April 2015

Aim: The aim of the systematic study was to determine the effect of parenting practices on adolescent risk
behaviours such as substance use and sexual risk behaviour.

Method: Quantitative research studies were systematically collected from various databases such as Academic Search
Complete, MEDLINE (Pubmed), JSTOR, Project Muse and SAGE for the duration of 2003-2013 which was within the 10
year period of relevant literature to the date of study.

Results: Findings established that parental monitoring and communication prevented drug initiation, delayed alcohol
initiation, and sexual debut, increased alcohol refusal efficacy, and decreased delinquent behaviour and risk taking
behaviours in high risk adolescents.

Conclusion: This review shows that parental practices play significant protective and promotive roles in managing
adolescent risk behaviours.
“Fixing” Mother’s who Drink: Family Narratives on Secrecy, Shame and Silence
Authors: Jacobs Liezille , Jacobs Julian
Published: April 2015

Background: In South Africa, there is a paucity of qualitative studies giving a voice to mothers who drink,
which could inform interventions to assist families to heal from repetitive alcohol use disorders.

Methods: This qualitative study explored the discursive accounts of 10 mothers who are members of Alcoholic
Anonymous in the context of their complex state of being-in-the-world with others (like husbands and children). The aims
of this study were to explore why mothers drank excessively and to unpack their families’ responses to their drinking.

Results: First-person narratives with mothers’ about their lived experience with alcohol use disorder illustrate the main
themes, which emanated from these discussions. The discourses on secrecy, shame and silence related to the mother’s
lived-experience with alcohol’s occurrence in the family. This paper recommends that families who always stand over and
against an alcohol dependent past should consider attending free support group meetings for loved ones of Alcoholics. A
popular family support group for families affected by alcohol dependency is known as Al-anon.
The Influence Factors of Energy Efficiency in China Based on Meta-Regression
Authors: Yue Yang , Xiongfeng Pan , Qing Liu
Published: April 2015

This paper is based on the controversies which the existing empirical researches on the impact of the basic
factors affecting energy efficiency, have in index selection and direction, using the method of meta-regression to analyze
the related domestic empirical studies comprehensively. We conducted a study on the differences of research design, data
characteristics, time span and the index selection, to check whether these differences cause the controversies in index
selection and direction. The result shows that the research design, empirical methods, and the characteristics of the
selection of indicators have significant impact on the result of empirical researches.
Risk Assessment of Wind Power Investment Project Based on Matter-
Element Extension Model
Authors: Li Jinying , Li Panjuan
Published: April 2015

The prospect of China’s wind power industry is bright, but from the angle of investment, investment amount,
operation and maintenance costs of wind power project are relatively high, at the same time, it is facing high policy risk
and environment risk. Therefore, we should consider all kinds of risk factors to make appropriate risk management and
control plan. Based on this, the paper analyzes the risk factors including risk of planning and construction, risk of finance
and market, risk of management and operation, risk of environment and resources. And an assessment index system is
obtained which can be applied to evaluate the risk level. Furthermore, the model of Matter-Element Extension is applied
to quantify the risk of the project. Integrating the methods of the qualitative and quantification analysis, then it proposes a
reasonable assessment about the risk factors of the project of wind power. Finally, it proves the methods and the model
through the case of the project of wind Power. The results could help us improve the level of the management of the
project of wind power, and bring down the risk of the project.
Study on Mechanism of Shear Swirling Flow Vibration Cementing
Improving Displacement Efficiency in Horizontal Well
Authors: Chi Ai , Zhihua Cui , Fuping Feng , Yifan Xu , Zhiheng Cui , Zhixian Cui
Published: April 2015

When horizontal wells cementing, drilling fluid is easy to be held up at the narrow clearance due to casing
eccentricity. At the same time, the density difference makes the lighter drilling fluid gather in the upper portion of
borehole. Drilling fluid is hard to be displaced cleanly. Shear swirling flow vibration cementing technique is a new
effective cementing technique, which can improve the cementing quality in several ways. On the one hand, shear swirling
flow vibration cementing technique makes the annular fluid swirling flow. The circumferential velocity increases a
circumferential shear stress for borehole wall, making it easy to carry drilling fluid near the wall and scour mud cake on
the wall. Especially for the displacement at narrow clearance caused by the casing eccentricity in horizontal well, the
effect will be more obvious. On the other hand, shear swirling flow vibration cementing technique makes the casing string
periodically eccentric revolution. It changes the conventional pressure distribution and forms pressure difference on the
annular cross section. The pressure at wide clearance is greater than that at narrow clearance, which is advantageous for
the fluid flowing from wide clearance to narrow clearance and makes drilling fluid at the narrow clearance displaced
effectively. In the paper, it analyzed the mechanism of shear swirling flow vibration cementing improving displacement
efficiency from swirling flow and vibration two angles.
Wellbore Flow Analysis of a Gas-Kick Well During Shut-In
Authors: Shihui Sun , Tie Yan , Xueliang Bi , Xun Chen , Nan Zhang
Published: April 2015

Due to the effects of wellbore storage, shut-in period allows additional inflow of gas bubbles into the annulus.
Wellbore and casing pressures rise during shut-in of a gas kick as a consequence of gas upward migration and gas
compressibility, which will threaten the safety of well control. Therefore, the variation law of surface and wellbore
pressures for a gas kick well during shut-in should be investigated. Based on wellbore storage effect, a new model to the
wellbore and casing pressure build-up during shut-in for a gas kick well is developed in this paper. Simulation results
show that at different gas kick volumes, the rate of bottom-hole pressure rise increases as the permeability decreases. And
surface casing pressure stabilizes quickly for low permeable formations. However, at equal initial annular gaseous
volume, the rates of rise of the bottom-hole and surface casing pressures for low permeable formations are slower than for
high permeability formations.
Computational studies on LiP H isolated from Ganoderma lucidum GD88
Authors: Parambayil Nayana , Chenthamarakshan Aiswarya , Anto Arinnia , Hariharan Sudha , Nambisan Padma
Published: April 2015

Ganoderma lucidum is a basidiomycete fungus that produces ligninase for the
modification of lignin. Lignin peroxidase (LiP) is a glycoprotein that acts
on the recalcitrant cell wall component lignin. In the present study, the
phylogenetic analysis of Ganoderma lucidum GD88 with the partial coding
sequence (cds) of other LiP isoforms was performed using MEGA6. After
determination of the open reading frame, the +3 frame nucleotide sequence was
converted to protein using the EMBOSS Transseq and the secondary structure
was predicted using the Chou and Fasman Secondary Structure Prediction server
(CFSSP). Protein modeling was also performed by SWISS-MODEL. The obtained
result shows that the lipH partial cds of Ganoderma lucidum GD88 is
homologous to the lipD gene of Phanerochaete chrysosporium. The secondary
structure prediction result revealed that the percent content of the helix
(67) is higher than the percent contents of sheet (53.4) and turns (13.6).
According to the generated model, LiP H protein is a homodimer with chains A
and B. The heme acts as a ligand and plays a major role in structure
stabilization.
The therapeutic potential of propolis against damage caused by Salmonella typhimurium in mice liver: A biochemical and histological study
Authors: Kalia Preeti , Kumar Neelima , Harjai Kusum
Published: April 2015

Honeybee products are a rich source of nutritive supplements and traditional
medication. The increasing resistance of bacteria towards various antibiotics
and the limited scope of some vaccines makes it important to explore
alternative therapies to combat bacterial diseases. The present study aimed
to evaluate the antibacterial action of propolis using biochemical and
histopathological methods in Salmonella typhimurium-infected BALB/c mice.
Crude propolis was collected from an apiary and extracted with 70% ethanol.
Hepatotoxicity was induced in mice by infecting them with Salmonella
typhimurium (104 colony-forming units (CFU)), and the hepatoprotective
activity of propolis was evaluated by administration of different doses of
propolis (100, 300 and 500 mg/kg body weight) for 30 days. Biochemical and
histopathological examinations were performed at regular intervals during the
experimental period. Results obtained after treatment were compared with
similar studies performed on normal control mice. Infected mice showed
elevated liver marker enzymes and revealed the presence of characteristic
typhoidal nodules in histological preparations. These results point to the
therapeutic activity of propolis against Salmonella typhimurium.
Analysis of differences in blood pressure of women belonging to different age groups
Authors: Skrkar Stanislav , Mikalacki Milena , Cokorilo Nebojsa , Eric Mirela
Published: April 2015

Introduction. One of the risk factors for the occurrence of arteriosclerosis
and coronary heart diseases is physical inactivity. Together with
hypokinesia, excessive feeding, age and other factors, make a multifactorial
cause of cardiovascular disease. Positive effects of physical activities have
been proved in the primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of coronary
heart diseases. Material and Methods. This study included 119 women from 20
to 76 years of age. All subjects were nonsmokers who did not have a
cardiovascular disease, and were divided into five different age groups.
Systolic and diastolic blood pressure was measured by the digital blood
pressure measuring device with cuff OMRON M4-1. The evaluation of blood
pressure was performed at the Faculty of Sport and Physical Education in Novi
Sad. The data processing was done by the statistical package SPSS 20.0.
Results. According to the obtained data it can be concluded that there are
statistically significant differences in both individual and general system
of the observed variables in different age groups. In addition, there are
statistically significant differences between pairs of groups, which were
observed when comparing with the oldest age group. Conclusion. The programmes
of prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases should decrease the
influence of risk factors and improve diagnostics and therapy of
cardiovascular diseases.
The level of grammar school students’ knowledge on cardiovascular disease risk factors
Authors: Jarakovic Milana , Mihajlovic Bojan , Cemerlic Snezana , Adjic Filip , Sladojevic Miroslava , Mihajlovic Bogoljub
Published: April 2015

Introduction. Cardiovascular diseases are one of the leading causes of
mortality and morbidity worldwide. The atherosclerotic process in the aorta
starts in childhood, while atheroclerotic changes of coronary heart vessels
start in adolescence. The aim of the study was to evaluate the knowledge of
the students attending all four grades of grammar school about the risk
factors for cardiovascular disease, with special attention to the risk
factors that can be influenced by modification of life-style. Material and
Methods. Data from the entrance and exit tests were collected from 197
students attending a grammar school in Novi Sad. Chi-square test and Student
T-test or Mann-Whitney U test were used to examine the statistical difference
between categorized variables and the continuous variables, respectively.
Results. The difference between the number of correct answers for all the
students on the entrance test and exit test was statistically significant
(p<0.0005) and the overall knowledge level after lectures was increased by
29.4%. The lowest level of knowledge on the entrance tests was noted among
the students of the third grade of grammar school and after the lectures, the
student?s knowledge level was increased by 82.3% (p<0.0005). Conclusion.
Children and adolescents from Vojvodina and Serbia should be well informed
about the cardiovascular disease risk factors and their prevention with
special attention paid to the risk factors that can be influenced by changing
lifestyle habits.
Assessment of quality of life in patients after lower limb amputation
Authors: Knezevic Aleksandar , Salamon Tatjana , Milankov Miroslav , Ninkovic Srdjan , Jeremic-Knezevic Milica , Tomasevic-Todorovic Snezana
Published: April 2015

Introduction. Lower extremity amputation is a surgical procedure resulting in
important anatomical, functional, psychological, and social consequences that
can influence the quality of life of these patients. The aim of this research
was to compare the quality of life of patients with lower extremity
amputation and people without amputation taking into account gender
differences as well as the amputation level. Material and Methods. The study
was designed as a cross-sectional study which included 56 subjects. The
patients from the experimental group underwent prosthetic rehabilitation
treatment at the Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Clinical Centre of
Vojvodina. The experimental group included 28 patients (21 male, 7 female)
with lower extremity amputation, their average age being 65.36?13.64. The
control group consisted of 28 age and gender matching subjects without
amputation. Research ANd Development (RAND) 36 - Item Health Survey 1.0 (SF -
36) was used to measure the quality of life. Results. The results showed that
patients with lower extremity amputation scored lower than the control group
on all SF- 36 variables (p<0.05). None of the SF-36 variables differed
between the genders (p>0.05). Seventeen (61%) patients were with
transfemoral, and 11 (39%) with transtibial level of amputation. The patients
with transtibial amputations scored higher on physical functioning and
general health status variables (p<0.05). Conclusion. The patients with lower
extremity amputations have numerous limitations compared to the control
group, regardless of gender, while the patients with lower level of
amputation have a higher level of physical functioning.
Chikungunya - a serious threat for public health
Authors: Hrnjakovic-Cvjetkovic Ivana , Cvjetkovic Dejan , Patic Aleksandra , Nikolic Natasa , Stefan-Mikic Sandra , Milosevic Vesna
Published: April 2015

Introduction. Chikungunya is a contagious disease caused by Chikungunya
virus, an arbovirus from the Togaviridae family. This infection is mostly
spread by mosquitoes from the genus Aedes, especially Aedes albopictus, which
have spread from Asia to America and Europe including some countries
surrounding Serbia. Epidemiologic Features. The outbreak of epidemics has
been reported in Philippines, Sumatra, Java, Indonesia, West Africa region
(from Senegal to Cameroon), Congo, Nigeria, Angola, Uganda, Guinea, Malawi,
Central African Republic, Burundi, South Africa and India. At the beginning
of the 21st century, large outbreaks were recorded on the island of R?union.
During 2006, 1.400.000 cases of chikungunya infection were recorded in India.
Local transmission of infection in continental Europe was reported from
Northeast Italy (254 suspected and 78 laboratory confirmed cases in
Emilia-Romagna region) and France (two cases in 2010). From December 2013 to
June 2014, 5.294 confirmed cases and more than 180.000 suspected cases of
chikungunya were reported in the Caribbean. Clinical Findings. The disease
presents suddenly with fever, rush and arthralgia. In general, chikungunya is
a mild self - limited disease. Less often, it may be presented with signs of
meningoencephalitis or fulminant hepatitis, sometimes with fatal outcome.
Conclusion. Fast developing international traffic and booming tourism as well
as the vector spreading from its homeland make chikungunya a real threat to
our country.
Genetic Predisposition to Central Obesity and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: Two Independent Cohort Studies
Authors: Huang Tao , Qi Qibin , Zheng Yan , Ley Sylvia H. , Manson JoAnn E. , Hu Frank B. , Qi Lu
Published: April 2015

OBJECTIVE

Abdominal obesity is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D). We aimed to examine the association between the genetic predisposition to central obesity, assessed by the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) genetic score, and T2D risk.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

The current study included 2,591 participants with T2D and 3,052 participants without T2D of European ancestry from the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS). Genetic predisposition to central obesity was estimated using a genetic score based on 14 established loci for the WHR.

RESULTS

We found that the central obesity genetic score was linearly related to higher T2D risk. Results were similar in the NHS (women) and HPFS (men). In combined results, each point of the central obesity genetic score was associated with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.04 (95% CI 1.01–1.07) for developing T2D, and the OR was 1.24 (1.03–1.45) when comparing extreme quartiles of the genetic score after multivariate adjustment.

CONCLUSIONS

The data indicate that genetic predisposition to central obesity is associated with higher T2D risk. This association is mediated by central obesity.
Prevalence of and Racial Disparities in Risk Factor Control in Older Adults With Diabetes: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Authors: Parrinello Christina M. , Rastegar Ina , Godino Job G. , Miedema Michael D. , Matsushita Kunihiro , Selvin Elizabeth
Published: April 2015

OBJECTIVE

Controversy surrounds appropriate risk factor targets in older adults with diabetes. We evaluated the proportion of older adults with diabetes meeting different targets, focusing on possible differences by race, and assessed whether demographic and clinical characteristics explained disparities.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We conducted a cross-sectional study of 5,018 participants aged 67–90 years (1,574 with and 3,444 without diagnosed diabetes) who attended visit 5 of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study (2011–2013). Risk factor targets were defined using both stringent (and less stringent) goals: hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) <7%, <53 mmol/mol (<8%, <64 mmol/mol); LDL cholesterol (LDL-c) <100 mg/dL (<130 mg/dL); and blood pressure (BP) <140/90 mmHg (<150/90 mmHg). We used Poisson regression to obtain prevalence ratios (PRs).

RESULTS

Most older adults with diabetes met stringent (and less stringent) targets: 72% (90%) for HbA1c, 63% (86%) for LDL-c, and 73% (87%) for BP; but only 35% (68%) met all three. A higher proportion of whites than blacks met targets, however defined. Among people treated for risk factors, racial disparities in prevalence of meeting stringent targets persisted even after adjustment: PRs (whites vs. blacks) were 1.03 (95% CI 0.91, 1.17) for HbA1c, 1.21 (1.09, 1.35) for LDL-c, 1.10 (1.00, 1.21) for BP, and 1.28 (0.99, 1.66) for all three. Results were similar but slightly attenuated using less stringent goals. Black women were less likely than white women to meet targets for BP and all three risk factors; this disparity was not observed in men.

CONCLUSIONS

Black-white disparities in risk factor control in older adults with diabetes were not fully explained by demographic or clinical characteristics and were greater in women than men. Further study of determinants of these disparities is important.
Polymorphism rs11465553 in the Interleukin-17F Gene in Serbian Patients with Psoriasis and Healthy Controls
Authors: Popadić Svetlana , Ramić Zorica , Medenica Ljiljana , Pravica Vera , Popadić Dušan
Published: April 2015

We examined single nucleotide rs11465553 polymorphism in the interleukin-17F gene causing valine to isoleucine substitution at the position 155 in the third exon of IL17F gene in Serbian patients with psoriasis and healthy blood donors. For the first time we found rs11465553 G (valine) and A (isoleucine) allele frequency in healthy Serbian population and in psoriasis patients, but without statistically significant difference between the two groups.
Perioperative Management for Patients with Hereditary Angioedema
Authors: Williams Anesu H. , Craig Timothy J.
Published: April 2015

Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare autosomal dominant disease that results from mutations in the C1-esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) gene. HAE is characterized by recurrent episodes of angioedema of the skin (face, extremities, genitalia, trunk), the gastrointestinal tract, and respiratory tract. Symptoms experienced can be debilitating, may impact quality of life, and can be life threatening. Preventing attacks particularly for patients undergoing procedures is critical. Patients with HAE may now treat acute attacks or prevent attacks with medications that have recently become available in the United States; however, these same medications can be used for perioperative management for patients undergoing medical, surgical, and dental procedures. Periprocedural planning is important for patients to reduce the incidence of acute attacks. Education is critical and increasing awareness of short-term prophylaxis options will allow providers to develop an appropriate action plan for their patients. The goal of this review is to increase awareness for HAE treating physicians, surgeons, anesthesia, and emergency room physicians by examining the available treatment options, researching the literature, and summarizing available data for periprocedural management. The availability of treatment options has increased over the past few years, expanding options for physicians and patients living with HAE and improve safety during the perioperative period and at the time of other procedures.
Sinus Penetration of Saline Solution Irrigation and Atomizer in a Cadaveric Polyp and Allergic Fungal Sinusitis Model
Authors: Doellman Mary , Chen Philip G. , McMains Kevin C. , Sarber Kathleen M. , Weitzel Erik K.
Published: April 2015

Allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS) is a stubborn disease requiring surgical and medical management. Delivery of topical medication is paramount in these patients, but the most difficult to accomplish. We investigated heavy irrigation (nasal douche) and atomized medication delivery potential in a cadaveric sinus model of polypoid AFS disease. Three disease models were created: a control that involved unoperated sinuses and no simulated disease; an unoperated AFS with type II polyposis mode; and an operated model with recurrent allergic fungal sinusitis with type II polyposis. The maxillary sinus showed the best irrigation and overall the heavy irrigator was more efficient than the atomizer.
Postinfective Glomerulonephritis (PIGN) in Children Attending a Tertiary Care Centre in Nepal
Authors: Poudel DR , Basnet S , Gami FC
Published: April 2015

Introduction: Post infectious glomerulonephritis (PIGN) is one of the common paediatric kidney disease in developing countries. This study was undertaken to describe the common clinical features, biochemical findings and complications in children with PIGN. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study in which 30 patients admitted with a diagnosis of PIGN at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH) in a six month period (July 2014 to Dec 2014) were included. Hospital medical records were reviewed for the data collection. Results: Out of 30 patients, 24 (80%) were between 5 to 15 years of age (mean age of 11.5±3.3) with male to female ratio of 2.3:1. Pedal oedema and hypertension were the clinical features seen in 29 (97%) and 28 (93%) patients respectively. Hypocomplementemia was found in 29 (97%) patients. Recent past history of sore throat seen in 10 (33%) patients and skin lesions in 12 (40%). The complications noted were congestive cardiac failure in 5 (17%) patients, rapidly proliferative glomerulonephritis in 3 (10%) and encephalopathy in 1(3%). Conclusion: The most important clinical and biochemical profile observed in nepalese children with PIGN are the hypertension, pedal edema and hypocomplementemia. J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2014;34(3):221-224 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v34i3.10707
Nutritional Status of Children Seeking Medical Treatment in a Rural Hospital in Ilam District, Nepal
Authors: Paneru C , George SM
Published: April 2015

Introduction: Childhood malnutrition is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in children under five years in Nepal. There is evidence to show that childhood malnutrition varies from region to region, within Nepal. But there is no data available about nutritional status of children in the 75 districts in Nepal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status of children less than five years of age in Ilam district. Material and Methods: We analysed the anthropometric data for the children of Ilam district who visited Dr. Megh Bahadur Parajuli Community Hospital in Ilam district. Results: Our data showed that 15.7% of girls and 21.2% of boys under-five years suffered from moderate malnutrition. Severe malnutrition was present in 6.7% of girls and 9.6% of boys. Stunting was seen in 32.6% girls and 30.16% boys. Moderate stunting was present in 19.6% of girls and 19% of boys; while severe stunting was present in 11% of the boys and 13% of the girls. Conclusion: Our data shows that stunting among under-fives in Ilam is less as compared to that reported for Nepal, but underweight is comparable to the national data. However, a systematic study needs to be carried out in Ilam before drawing firm conclusions. J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2014;34(3):207-215-220 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v34i3.10737
Myiasis in Children: Fly Larval Infestation
Authors: Meena SS , Meena D
Published: April 2015

Human myiasis is a parasitic infestation by fly larvae in poor hygienic or immunocompromised children’s. We present here two case of fly larval infestation including one scalp myiasis in six year old male street child and other one vulvar myiasis in 18 year old unmarried girl suffering from insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and psychiatric illness. J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2014;34(3):244-246 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v34i3.10289
Spectrum of Biopsy Proven Glomerular Disease in Children at Kanti Children’s Hospital
Authors: Khatun N , Bista KP , Mahaseth C
Published: April 2015

Introduction: Glomerular disease is one of the most common forms of renal disease and can have many different clinical presentations. However there is variation in the prevalence in the type of glomerular disease according to geographical location and race of population. The aim of the study was to find the overall distribution pattern of glomerular disease based on renal biopsies. Material and Methods: The medical records of all children who underwent kidney biopsy (n=29) between January 2012-june 2014 were analyzed. In this retrospective study we review children from Kanti Children’s Hospital, Nephrology Department. Demographic data including age, sex and indication of kidney biopsy as well as complication of the procedures were recorded. Result: A total number of thirty one biopsies were done. Two children were excluded from the study due to inadequate tissue and artifacts defects in preservative. The remaining twenty nine biopsies were included in the study and analyzed. Renal disease was found nearly equal in both male and female (51.72% vs. 48.27%).Mean age was 10.95±3.30 years. Maximum number of biopsies (75.86%) was performed between 10- 15 years. The most common indication of the kidney biopsy was nephrotic syndrome (steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome and steroid dependent nephrotic syndrome, 31.02% followed by lupus nephritis 27.58%.The most common glomerular disease were focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and lupus nephritis both contribute 27.58%. Among lupus nephritis class III was found more common (44.44%) in children. IgA nephropathy was also contribute (17.24%) in all glomerular disease. Regarding the kidney biopsy complication gross hematuria was observed in 6.89% of children which was self-limited. Conclusion: FSGS and lupus nephritis is becoming the most common glomerular disease in children attending the Kanti Children Hospital. IgA nephropathy was also contribute the glomerular disease in the children. J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2014;34(3):225-229   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v34i3.11162