bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Practices and Perspectives on Latrine Use, Child Feces Disposal, and Clean Play Environments in Western Kenya
Authors: Ellis Anna , McClintic Emilie E. , Awino Emily O. , Caruso Bethany A. , Arriola Kimberly R. J. , Ventura Sandra Gomez , Kowalski Alysse J. , Linabarger Molly , Wodnik Breanna K. , Webb-Girard Amy , Muga Richard , Freeman Matthew C.
Published: March 2020

Exposure to fecal pathogens contributes to childhood diarrhea and stunting, causing harmful short- and long-term impacts to health. Understanding pathways of child fecal exposure and nutritional deficiencies is critical to informing interventions to reduce stunting. Our aim was to explore determinants of latrine use, disposal of child feces, and perceptions and provisions of a safe and clean child play environment among families with children under two (CU2) years to inform the design of a behavior change intervention to address water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), and nutrition behaviors. In 2016, we conducted a mixed-methods formative research in western Kenya. We conducted 29 key informant interviews with community leaders, health workers, and project staff; 18 focus group discussions with caregivers of CU2 years; and 24 semi-structured household observations of feeding, hygiene, and sanitation behaviors. We used the capability, opportunity, motivation, and behavior model as our theoretical framework to map caregiver behavioral determinants. Latrine use barriers were lack of latrines, affordability of lasting materials, and social acceptability of unobserved open defecation. Barriers to safe disposal of child feces were lack of latrines, time associated with safe disposal practices, beliefs that infant feces were not harmful, and not knowing where children had defecated. Primary barriers of clean play environments were associated with creating and maintaining play spaces, and shared human and animal compounds. The immediate cost to practicing behaviors was perceived as greater than the long-term potential benefits. Intervention design must address these barriers and emphasize facilitators to enable optimal WASH behaviors in this context.
Capture and Detection of Plasmodium vivax Lactate Dehydrogenase in a Bead-Based Multiplex Immunoassay
Authors: Rogier Eric , Nace Doug , Ljolje Dragan , Lucchi Naomi W. , Udhayakumar Venkatachalam , Aidoo Michael
Published: March 2020

Laboratory detection of malaria antigens has proved valuable for research and epidemiological purposes. We recently developed a bead-based multiplex antigen assay for pan-Plasmodium and Plasmodium falciparum targets. Here, we report integration of a Plasmodium vivax–specific target to this multiplex panel: P. vivax lactate dehydrogenase (PvLDH). Within the multiplex panel, assay signal for purified PvLDH antigen titrated into the single-digit picogram range. Against a panel of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed samples from acute P. vivax infections (n = 36), sensitivity was 91.7% in using PvLDH detection for identifying the presence of parasites. Specificity against a panel of persons with no Plasmodium infection (n = 44) was 100%, and specificity against a panel of PCR-confirmed P. falciparum, Plasmodium malariae, or Plasmodium ovale infections (n = 164) was 90.2%. Addition of this PvLDH capture and detection system into the multiplex antigen panel will now allow for sensitive screening for species identification of both P. falciparum and P. vivax in the laboratory.
Asymptomatic Submicroscopic Plasmodium Infection Is Highly Prevalent and Is Associated with Anemia in Children Younger than 5 Years in South Kivu/Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Lufungulo Bahati Yvette , Delanghe Joris , Bisimwa Balaluka Ghislain , Sadiki Kishabongo Antoine , Philippé Jan
Published: March 2020

One of the most important problems in controlling malaria is the limited access to effective and accurate diagnosis of malaria parasitemia. In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), malaria is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of anemia and the relationship with asymptomatic submicroscopic Plasmodium infection. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 1,088 apparently healthy children aged between 6 and 59 months selected at random in the health zone of Miti Murhesa in South Kivu/DRC. Capillary blood was obtained for hemoglobin (Hb) concentration measurement by Hemocue® Hb 301. Malaria detection was performed by microscopy and the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay. Anemia was defined as Hb < 11g/dL. We applied the chi-square test for comparisons, and multiple logistic regression was used to identify the risk factors for anemia and submicroscopic Plasmodium infection. The prevalence of anemia was 39.6%, and the prevalence of parasitemia was 15.9% and 34.0% using microscopy and LAMP test, respectively. Submicroscopic Plasmodium infection was found in 22.3% of the children. The independent risk factors for anemia are Plasmodium infection, children younger than 24 months, low middle-upper arm circumference, and history of illness two weeks before. Otherwise, children with submicroscopic malaria infection have a significantly increased risk for anemia, with a need of transfusion. The prevalence of malaria infection was underestimated, when microscopy was used to diagnose malaria. Children with low parasitemia detected by LAMP but not by microscopy showed a significantly increased prevalence of anemia.
Cyborgs y Frankensteins Isleños: Mirada a Dos Cuentos de Marta Aponte Alsina
Authors: Davila Ellis Veronica E
Published: March 2020

En el siguiente ensayo analizo dos cuentos de Marta Aponte Alsina donde se presenta una crítica sobre las narrativas femeninas ante una realidad demasiado plagada de la cibernética y productos culturales extranjeros. “Madame Bovirtual” (2005) e “Intermedio del hombre verde (20--)” (1999) muestran un cuestionamiento hacia la producción literaria durante el comienzo de la revolución tecnológica. Ambos textos utilizan como referente obras literarias canónicas canónicas, sin embargo “Intermedio…” reformula la figura del monstruo de Frankenstein para una crítica social sobre el neocolonialismo y su representación en la ficción boricua.La literatura puertorriqueña femenina a finales del Siglo 20 se encargó de apalabrar la realidad caribeña de las mujeres desde las ópticas de la raza, el género y el sexo. Mientras la influencia de las narrativas de ciencia ficción norteamericana y el auge de la literatura fantástica latinoamericana caló en la producción de ciertos autores masculinos (muchos de los cuales no entran en el canon literario de la isla), las mujeres recién comenzaban a abrirse paso entre las letras isleñas. Este fenómeno tardío en la isla ocasionó que la producción cuentista femenina se haya estancado en tropos tradicionales. Uno de los pocos nombres femeninos que resalta al momento de investigar la producción de ciencia ficción boricua es el de Marta Aponte Alsina. A pesar de que sus cuentos se mueven más en torno a la “novela negra” Aponte Alsina articula cuestionamientos que van más allá de las inquietudes habituales del neocolonialismo o sobre la familia puertorriqueña por medio de ovnis, monstruos y mundo cibernéticos. Valiéndose de la ‘irrealidad’ la escritora reflexiona sobre la paradoja absurdo/cotidiano que plaga la vida diaria de Puerto Rico.
A multi-fluid model of the magnetopause
Authors: Manuzzo Roberto , Califano Francesco , Belmont Gerard , Rezeau Laurence
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Observation of the solar wind–magnetosphere boundary provides a unique opportunity to investigate the physics underlying the interaction between two collisionless magnetized plasmas with different temperature, density and magnetic field topology. Their mixing across the interface as well as the boundary dynamics are affected by the development of fluid (and kinetic) instabilities driven by large-scale inhomogeneities in particle and electromagnetic fields. Building up a realistic initial equilibrium state of the magnetopause according to observations is still a challenge nowadays.
In this paper, we address the modeling of the particles and electromagnetic field configuration across the Earth's magnetopause by means of a three-fluid analytic model. The model relies on one hot and one cold ion population as well as a neutralizing electron population. The goal is to create an analytic model that is able to reproduce the observations as closely as possible. Some parameters of the model are set using a fitting procedure that aims to minimize their difference with respect to experimental data provided by the Magnetospheric MultiScale (MMS) mission.
All of the other profiles, concerning the electron pressure and the relative densities of the cold and hot ion populations, are calculated in order to satisfy the fluid equilibrium equations.
Finally, using a new tri-fluid code, we check the stability of the large-scale equilibrium model for a given experimental case and provide proof that the system is unstable to reconnection. This model could be of interest for the interpretation of satellite results and for the study of the dynamics at the magnetosphere–solar wind boundary.
OH reactivity from different tree species: Investigating the missing reactivity in a boreal forest
Authors: Praplan Arnaud P. , Tykkä Toni , Schallhart Simon , Tarvainen Virpi , Bäck Jaana , Hellén Heidi
Published: March 2020

Abstract. In forested area, a large fraction of total hydroxyl radical (OH) reactivity remain unaccounted for. Very few studies have been looking at total OH reactivity from biogenic emissions and its variations. In the present study, we investigate the total OH reactivity from three common boreal tree species (Scots pine, Norway spruce, and Downy birch), by comparing it with the calculated reactivity from the chemically identified emissions. Total OH reactivity was measured using the Comparative Reactivity Method (CRM), and the chemical composition of the emissions was quantified with two gas chromatographs coupled to mass spectrometers (GC-MSs). Dynamic branch enclosures were used and emissions from one branch of a tree at the time were measured by rotating between them periodically. Results show that birch had the highest values of total OH reactivity of the emissions (TOHRE), while pine had the lowest. The main drivers for the known reactivity of pine and spruce were monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. For birch, emissions were dominated by sesquiterpenes, even though monoterpenes and GLVs could be found too. However, calculated reactivity values remained low leading to the highest missing fraction of reactivity (>96 %), while pine and spruce had similar missing reactivity fractions between 56 % and 82 % (higher in the spring and decreasing as the summer proceeded). The high average values were driven by low reactivity periods and the fraction of missing reactivity got smaller for pine and spruce when the TOHRE values increased. Important exceptions were identified for periods when the emission profiles changed from terpenes to Green Leaf Volatiles (GLVs), a family of compounds containing a 6 carbon atoms backbone with various functionalities (e.g. alcohols, aldehydes, esters) that indicate that the plant is suffering from stress. Then, very high TOHRE values were measured and the missing fraction remained high. This study found a different trend in the missing OHRE fraction of Norway spruce from spring to autumn compared to one previous study (Nölscher et al., 2013), which indicates that additional studies are required to fully understand the complexity of biogenic reactive emissions. Future studies of boreal trees in situ should be conducted to confirm the findings presented.
Changes in glacial lakes in the Poiqu River Basin in the central Himalayas
Authors: Su Pengcheng , Liu Jingjing , Li Yong , Liu Wei , Wang Yang , Ma Chun
Published: March 2020

Abstract. The Poiqu River Basin contains 162.2 km2 of ice and 19.9 km2 of glacial lakes. The remote sensing data over the last 40 years have been used to identify 147 glacial lakes in the basin and clearly revealed the retreat of glaciers and the growth of glacial lakes at accelerating rates, in parallel to warming climate in the Himalayas. Based on remote sensing images and digital elevation model (DEM) analysis, the area and water changes in glaciers and glacial lakes are analyzed in detail, and a water balance equation (WBE) is proposed to account for the mechanism of lake growth. The WBE includes water supplies from rainfall runoff, ice and snow ablation, glacial retreat, and water losses due to infiltration and evaporation. As each water contribution item specifically depends on local weather and morphology, the WBE provides a direct link between glacier and glacial lake changes and climate changes under local conditions. Operation of the WBE for five major glacial lakes in the Poiqu River Basin has revealed that water from glaciers and snow cover dominates the growth of lakes. Lakes are found to vary in different ways even with similar backgrounds, depending strongly on local weather and geomorphology conditions. The WBE is not only applicable for predicting future changes in glacial lakes under climate warming conditions but is also useful for assessing water resources from rivers in the central Himalayas.
Dynamical connections between large marine ecosystems of austral South America based on numerical simulations
Authors: Guihou Karen , Piola Alberto R. , Palma Elbio D. , Chidichimo Maria Paz
Published: March 2020

Abstract. The Humboldt Large Marine Ecosystem (HLME) and Patagonian Large Marine Ecosystem
(PLME) are the two largest marine ecosystems in the Southern Hemisphere and are respectively
located along the Pacific and Atlantic coasts of southern South America. This work investigates the exchange between these two LMEs and its seasonal and interannual variability by employing numerical model results and offline particle-tracking algorithms. Our analysis suggests a general poleward transport on the southern region of the HLME, a well-defined flux from the Pacific to the Atlantic, and equatorward transport on the PLME. Lagrangian simulations show that the majority of the southern PS waters originate from the upper layer in the southeast South Pacific (<200 m), mainly from the southern Chile and Cape Horn shelves. The exchange takes place through the Le Maire Strait, Magellan Strait, and the shelf break. These inflows amount to a net northeastward transport of 0.88 Sv at 51∘ S in the southern PLME. The transport across the Magellan Strait is small (0.1 Sv), but due to its relatively low salinity it greatly impacts the density and surface circulation of the coastal waters of the southern PLME. The water masses flowing into the Malvinas Embayment eventually reach the PLME through the Malvinas Shelf and occupy the outer part of the shelf. The seasonal and interannual variability of the transport are also addressed. On the southern PLME, the interannual variability of the shelf exchange is partly explained by the large-scale wind variability, which in turn is partly associated with the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) index (r=0.52).
“L’énigme du passé”. Vers les fondements du rapport entre l’histoire et la psychanalyse
Authors: Marinescu Paul
Published: March 2020

Cet article se propose d’aborder, en deux temps, les fondements de la relation entre l’histoire et la psychanalyse, en tant que “pratiques disciplinaires” qui ont affaire au passé. Dans un premier moment, je regarde de près les différents rapports noués entre l’histoire et la psychanalyse, de même que les usages qu’on a faits de la psychanalyse dans les démarches historiennes, afin de situer le contexte et la problématique. Dans un second temps, je tâche de montrer que, dans La mémoire, l’histoire, l’oubli, Ricœur avance une thèse importante sur les fondements du rapport entre la psychanalyse et l’herméneutique de l’histoire. A l’aide d’une phénoménologie de la mémoire blessée, il identifie une structure fondamentale de l’existence collective qui sert de base à ce rapport. En dernier lieu, je cherche à déterminer la portée de cette structure qui prend la forme d’un traumatisme originaire de l’existence collective, en traçant une analogie avec le concept psychanalytique d’après-coup.
Implementing Team-Based Learning to Strengthen Communication Skills among Undergraduate Kinesiology Students
Authors: Siedlecki Patrick
Published: March 2020

Kinesiology is the study of human movement and grounded in learning about physiological and psychological mechanisms of physical activity, exercise, and sport. Despite the educational focus promoting an active lifestyle, teaching strategies often ignore the hands-on and interactive components of the field, in favour of a traditional passive teaching style (Bulger, Housner, & Lee, 2008). This teaching approach can be problematic as most undergraduate Kinesiology students will either pursue an academic career path, or enter a health care field (e.g., kinesiologist, medical doctor, physical therapist, etc.) Whichever path a student chooses, it will require strong communication skills, whether it be sharing research ideas or working with a patient. To improve these skills, instructors can use an interactive classroom. A recent study evaluating communication competence in undergraduate nursing students found overall improvements in communication efficacy and communication ability when implementing team-based learning (TBL; Cho & Kweon, 2017). Therefore, a larger focus in Kinesiology should be on promoting effective communication skills so that students are more prepared when they graduate. By incorporating TBL into Kinesiology courses, students can become more interactive in the classroom and build upon fundamental skills that are paramount in academic and health care settings (Meeuswen, King, & Pederson, 2005).
Effective Classroom Techniques for Engaging Students in Role-Playing
Authors: Piscitelli Anthony
Published: March 2020

Role-playing is a teaching technique that provides students with an opportunity to engage with the material in a unique way within the classroom setting. A classroom role-play can involve students reading pre-designed scripts, students play acting characters described on role cards, or students acting out characters of their own creation. Regardless of the specific approach, role-play activities can serve to increase student retention, understanding, and engagement with the course material. In this session, educators explore the benefits and challenges associated with using role-play activities in the classroom. Participants get a chance to experience a role-play activity and consider how to facilitate a role-play that creates a memorable experience and contributes to course learning outcomes. The ultimate goal is to provide participants with the tools to use role-playing in their own teaching practices.
Big data experiments with the archived Web: Methodological reflections on studying the development of a nation's Web
Authors: Brügger Niels , Nielsen Janne , Laursen Ditte
Published: March 2020

This article outlines how the 'digital geography' of a nation can be studied, that is the online presence of one nation. The entire Danish Web domain and its development from 2006 to 2015 is used as a case, based on the holdings in the Danish national Web archive. The following research questions guide the investigation: What has the Danish Web domain looked like in the past, and how has it developed in the period 2006-2015? Methodologically, we investigate to what extent one can delimit 'a nation' on the Web, and what characterizes the archived Web as a historical source for academic studies, as well as the general characteristics of our specific data source. Analytically, the article introduces a design for how this type of big data analyses of an entire national Web domain can be performed. Our findings show some of the ways in which a nation's digital landscape can be mapped, ie. on size, content types and hyperlinks. On a broader canvas, this study demonstrates that with hard- and software as well as human competencies from different disciplines it is possible to perform large-scale historical studies of one of the biggest media sources of today, the World Wide Web.
Ensino de literatura e alunos surdos: diálogo necessário
Authors: Garcia Mirian Theyla Ribeiro
Published: March 2020

As reflexões desenvolvidas neste artigo estão baseadas no entendimento do letramento literário (uma das dimensões de ensino que se busca ofertar pelo ensino de literatura nas escolas) como um instrumento de suporte considerável para a ampliação do repertório de aprendizagens objetivas e sensíveis dos estudantes. Em vista de sua importância, defende-se que o letramento literário faça parte da formação escolar de todos os alunos. No entanto, o exame da realidade demonstra que há destacado afastamento entre os alunos que possuem Necessidades Educativas Especiais (NEE), a exemplo dos surdos, e essa formação. Em vista disso, argumenta-se sobre a pertinência do desenvolvimento de práticas de letramento literário mais inclusivas nas aulas de literatura.
Palavras-chave: Ensino de literatura. Surdos. Letramento literário inclusivo.
Clube do livro: diálogo e interação de leitura no ambiente escolar
Authors: Barros de Sousa Lima Elizabete , Da Silva Maxçuny Alves Neves
Published: March 2020

No primeiro semestre de 2019 foi construído o Clube do livro na escola CEMEIT. Esse clube surgiu na tentativa da criação do apreço pela leitura em alunos que, perante uma prática pedagógica pouco estimulante, careciam de um incentivo para enxergarem a leitura como um ato tanto de prazer como de construção de suas alteridades. Reconhecendo as problemáticas que envolvem a mediação do ensino, bem como elas interferem na aquisição da perspectiva da formação crítica do pensamento do leitor-aluno, percebemos que esse processo vem de uma formação cultural que estimula a separação entre as classes tanto por meio das experiências vivenciadas pelos estudantes, quanto pelo reforço das separações ideológicas por certos professores. Portanto, o projeto se propôs à oferta de leituras variadas, estimulando o pensamento crítico, o reconhecimento das variadas alteridades, bem como a competência linguística nos atos comunicacional e de expressão, respeitando o capital cultural de cada sujeito do processo de aprendizagem. Logo, nos apropriamos dos conceitos de capital cultural, de Pierre Bourdieu, educação bancária e libertadora, de Paulo Freire, para tensionarmos a importância de uma prática pedagógica que enxergue o estudante como protagonista de sua formação.
Uma experiência de projeto de letramento crítico com literatura negra feminina
Authors: Vieira Viviane Cristina , Vasconcelos Rayanne Oliveira Fontenele
Published: March 2020

RESUMO: Nesta pesquisa apresento as percepções iniciais do projeto “Mulheres Inspiradoras”. O objetivo é analisar representações de estudantes no ambiente escolar e reprodução de preconceitos sociais. Com base na Análise de Discurso Crítica (SUPRIMIDO) e nos modos de operação da ideologia (THOMPSON, 1995), investigamos o discurso de preconceito racial e de gênero no contexto escolar. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em uma escola pública de em Sobradinho – DF, com estudantes do sétimo ano. Os resultados revelam que desde cedo já se constrói a imagem do jovem negro como uma ameaça social e um corpo que o Estado pode violar.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: racismo, gênero, Mulheres Inspiradoras, educação.
Aspectos sociocognitivos asociados al uso de videojuegos colaborativos y violentos
Authors: Pérez-Sánchez Rolando , Giusti-Mora Gloriana , Soto-Chavarría Karina
Published: March 2020

El estudio se dirige a investigar las diferencias en el uso de un videojuego colaborativo y un videojuego violento a nivel sociocognitivo. Específicamente interesa indagar las diferencias en la percepción del estado de ánimo, el transporte emocional y el comportamiento altruista, así como los factores motivacionales relacionados con el uso de los videojuegos que permiten comprender las variaciones en estas tres dimensiones. Se llevó a cabo un experimento con 50 estudiantes universitarios, el 48 % mujeres y una edad promedio de 20,6 (DT = 1,83). Como procedimiento de análisis se recurrió a pruebas t y a análisis de regresión lineal jerárquica, método paso a paso (stepwise). Los resultados muestran evidencias de que jugar uno u otro juego se asocia a diferentes respuestas sociocognitivas, sobre todo en el plano emocional y motivacional, hallazgos relevantes para la comprensión de los usos cotidianos de estas tecnologías. Se encontró que el videojuego violento favorece estados de ánimo más positivos, mientras que el videojuego colaborativo evoca mayor transporte emocional. Asimismo, la necesidad psicológica de filiación se asocia con el acto de videojugar en contextos de juego compartido, independiente del tipo de juego.
Sensaciones a través del tiempo
Authors: Alas Adriana
Published: March 2020

During the armed conflict, after long negotiations between representatives of the States of El Salvador and Honduras, UNHCR and the Salvadoran refugees in Honduras, it was possible the return of thousands of Salvadorans in 1987. This led to the emergence of the so-called repopulations in rural areas of Chalatenango. This text examines the formulation of a particular group inside a repopulation: the war wounded. Through the narrativization of the experiences of war wounds, I argue, that war wounded bodies, and particularly the sensation of pain, is one of the main fields of negotiation of armed conflict legacy, in particular, through the national regime of war wounds established by the Salvadoran State as part of the Peace Accords.
Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 153, 2019: 135-161
Memoria histórica del movimiento campesino de Chalatenango, de Carlos Benjamín Lara Martínez
Authors: Alas Adriana
Published: March 2020

No abstracts available
Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 153, 2019: 197-203
Lexical Interference and Ways of Its Elimination: Based on Experience with Junior Course Students of the Azerbaijan University of Languages
Authors: Jafarova Kamala Avadır
Published: March 2020

The problem of language interference being a process which retards the mastering of a second language, having appeared as a result of transference of speech skills from one contact language into another (from the native language into the foreign language, from the first foreign language into the second one), has concerned researchers for decades. This phenomenon has a direct influence on the success of an individual’s mastery of a foreign language and its use—involving both receptive and productive types of speech activities.

Interference resulting from the negative impact of one language on another covers all linguistic levels of the language being studied, including lexical, which leads to deviations from the language norm and numerous lexical errors of students. Linguists and methodologists are trying to find ways to reduce the interference of the language being studied at the lexical level in order to optimize the process of mastering a foreign language and minimize lexical errors of students. The purpose of the current study is to investigate ways to overcome intra-language and inter-language lexical interference in junior courses of the Azerbaijan University of Languages and to verify the validity of these methods in the course of a practical experiment.
Nomophobia Levels and Personalities of University Students
Authors: Dalbudak Ibrahim , Yilmaz Taner , Yigit Sihmehmet
Published: March 2020

The development of technology has made our lives easier and has caused some dependencies to enter our lives. The aim of this study is to measure the nomophobia levels of the students at the faculty of sports at Uşak University and the faculty of technology at Isparta Applied Sciences University and to examine the relationship of personality with the level of nomophobia.

The sample of the study consists of a total of 408 students at the faculty of sports at Uşak University and the faculty of technology at Isparta Applied Sciences University. Volunteering was taken into account in participation. Students’ nomophobia level and personality properties were analyzed according to the gender of the participants, age groups, educational status, department, phone usage by years, daily smartphone usage time, mobile internet usage time, daily mobile internet usage time, smartphone night off status, the time spent with friends during the day.

In the study, the Nomophobia Scale, developed by Yıldırım and Correia (2015) and whose validity and reliability were made, was developed by Somer, Tatar and Korkmaz (2001) and the 5-Factor Personality Inventory, whose validity and reliability of short form were, made was used by Tatar (2005). In this study, SPSS 22.00 Program used in quantitative research methods was used. The data were summarized by giving percentage and frequency tables. This study was tested with a significance level of 0.05. There are statistically both significant relationship (p < .05) and non-sense relationship (p > .05) between nomophobia and subscale scores according to age, gender, department, phone usage by years, daily smartphone usage time, mobile internet usage time, daily mobile internet usage time, smartphone night off status and the time spent with friends during the day. A statistically significant relationship was found between personality and nomophobia (p < .05).

The results of the study showed us how nomophobia is effective on students. As a result of the study, it is an indicator that personality affects nomophobia. It seems that personality is effective on nomophobia. As the personality gets stronger, the level of nomophobia will decrease. Therefore, necessary studies can be done about the personality. In addition, a new research can be proposed in which students in the other department will be assessed to be affected by the level of nomophobia.
¿Qué tipos de actividades diseñan e implementan en el aula futuros docentes de Educación Infantil cuando enseñan ciencia mediante rincones de trabajo?
Authors: Cruz-Guzmán Marta , Puig María , García-Carmona Antonio
Published: March 2020

Se analizan los tipos de actividades libres y dirigidas que diseñan los futuros docentes de Infantil (FDI) para rincones de trabajo sobre ciencia, así como sus preferencias al implementarlas en el aula. Se presenta el proceso instructivo llevado a cabo con los FDI, el instrumento de recogida de datos y la categorización de las actividades diseñadas. Los FDI encontraron algo más de dificultad en diseñar actividades libres que dirigidas, y, tras su implementación en el aula, la preferencia de los FDI por cada tipo se dio en proporciones equilibradas. Por otro lado, es destacable la amplia variedad de tipos de actividades dirigidas diseñadas, eludiendo las tradicionales en las que el escolar solo memoriza o no tiene una participación activa.
Representaciones epistemológicas sobre competencias de pensamiento científico de educadoras de párvulos en formación
Authors: Quintanilla-Gatica Mario , Orellana-Sepúlveda Carolina , Páez-Cornejo Rodrigo
Published: March 2020

En este artículo presentamos algunos hallazgos de un proyecto de investigación de 3 años que buscó caracterizar representaciones epistemológicas sobre competencias de pensamiento científico (CPC) de educadoras de párvulos en formación (EPF) en tres universidades chilenas. En en una primera fase, el proyecto indaga las representaciones de las EPF referidas a la noción de CPC, que analizamos caracterizándolas lo más densamente posible desde ámbitos epistemológicos «antagónicos»: el racionalismo moderado y el racionalismo positivista a partir del análisis de un cuestionario aplicado en tres cursos de didáctica de las ciencias. Los resultados arrojan conjeturas que dan cuenta de coexistencias de ambas representaciones epistemológicas, cuestión que tiene implicancias importantes en relación con la formación inicial de docentes que enseñan ciencias en la primera infancia.
Health status relating to cigarette smoking among Raglai ethnic minority women in Khanh Hoa Province, Viet Nam
Authors: Le T. P.
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE: To examine possible associations between body mass index (BMI), blood pressure and smoking status among Raglai ethnic minority women. Some sociocultural factors were also considered in the related association.METHOD: A cross-sectional design was used in
this study conducted among Raglai ethnic minority women aged 15–49 years, who are currently living in two mountainous districts, Khanh Son and Khanh Vinh, in Khanh Hoa Province of Viet Nam. Study variables included current smoking status, physical indices, blood pressure and some related
sociocultural factors.RESULTS: Based on the data from 613 respondents who completed the study questionnaire, the results showed current smoking prevalence among Raglai ethnic minority women aged 15–49 to be 16.6%. Compared with non-smokers, current smoker women had significantly
lower BMI and higher blood pressure. Smoking prevalence among illiterate and non-religious women was significantly higher than educated and religious ones.CONCLUSION: The current smoking prevalence among Raglai ethnic minority women aged 15–49 years was 16.6%. Significantly
lower BMI and higher blood pressure were observed among current smokers than among non-smokers. The prevalence among educated and religious women was significantly lower than among illiterate and non-religious women.
Leveraging differentiated HIV service delivery to expand tuberculosis preventive treatment: a call to action
Authors: Rabkin M. , Howard A. A. , Ehrenkranz P. , Fernandez L. G. , Preko P. , Singh V. , Tomlinson H. L. , El-Sadr W. M.
Published: March 2020

Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV), and sub-Saharan Africa has a particularly heavy burden of HIV-associated TB. Although effective TB preventive treatment (TPT) has been available for decades and shorter regimens
are newly available in some settings, TPT coverage among PLHIV is suboptimal, leading to preventable illness and death. In 2018, the United Nations High-Level Meeting on Ending Tuberculosis called for ambitious new targets for TPT coverage among PLHIV and many countries in sub-Saharan Africa
have redoubled their efforts to take TPT to scale. Importantly, however, this push to expand TPT among PLHIV is taking place in the context of a changing HIV treatment delivery landscape. Countries in sub-Saharan Africa are at the forefront of innovative changes in HIV program design, including
a shift towards less-intensive differentiated service delivery (DSD) models for stable patients doing well on antiretroviral therapy. Understanding the opportunities and challenges that DSD presents for TB diagnosis, prevention and linkage to care among PLHIV will be critical to success.
ZASTOSOWANIE METODY ZARZĄDZANIA RYZYKIEM ZACHOWAŃ PRZEMOCOWYCH W METODYCE WYKONANIA DOZORÓW KURATORSKICH
Authors: Węgliński Andrzej
Published: March 2020

W artykule na podstawie badań przekrojowych z zastosowaniem „Arkusza
SAVRY”, dokonano analizy czynników ryzyka i zasobów ochronnych podopiecznych
kuratorów sądowych. Okazało się, że podopieczni kuratorów na tle
nieletnich charakteryzują się istotnie niższym poziomem historycznych, społecznych
i indywidualnych czynników ryzyka wystąpienia zachowań o charakterze
przemocy. Tylko u nielicznych podopiecznych kuratorów rozpoznano typ totalnego
niedostosowania.
Identification of microRNAs and their target genes in the placenta as biomarkers of inflammation
Authors: Jang Hee Yeon , Lim Seung Mook , Lee Hyun Jung , Hong Joon-Seok , Kim Gi Jin
Published: March 2020

Objective: Recently, microRNA (miRNA) has been identified both as a powerful regulator involved in various biological processes through the regulation of numerous genes and as an effective biomarker for the prediction and diagnosis of various disease states. The objective of this study was to identify and validate miRNAs and their target genes involved in inflammation in placental tissue.Methods: Microarrays were utilized to obtain miRNA and gene expression profiles from placentas with or without inflammation obtained from nine normal pregnant women and 10 preterm labor patients. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blots were performed to validate the miRNAs and differentially-expressed genes in the placentas with inflammation. Correlations between miRNA and target gene expression were confirmed by luciferase assays in HTR-8/SVneo cells.Results: We identified and validated miRNAs and their target genes that were differentially expressed in placentas with inflammation. We also demonstrated that several miRNAs (miR-371a-5p, miR-3065-3p, miR-519b-3p, and miR-373-3p) directly targeted their target genes (LEF1, LOX, ITGB4, and CD44). However, some miRNAs and their direct target genes showed no correlation in tissue samples. Interestingly, miR-373-3p and miR-3065-3p were markedly regulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment, although the expression of their direct targets CD44 and LOX was not altered by LPS treatment.Conclusion: These results provide candidate miRNAs and their target genes that could be used as placental biomarkers of inflammation. These candidates may be useful for further miRNA-based biomarker development.
Comparing Provenance Data Models for Scientific Workflows: an Analysis of PROV-Wf and ProvOne
Authors: Oliveira Wellington , Missier Paolo , de Oliveira Daniel , Braganholo Vanessa
Published: March 2020

Scientific workflows rely on provenance to be understandable, reproducible and trustworthy. Nowadays, there is a growing demand for interoperability between provenance data generated from heterogeneous workflow management systems. To address this issue, some provenance models have been proposed by extending PROV to support specific requirements of scientific workflows. In this paper, we present two prominent provenance models for scientific workflows, PROV-Wf and ProvOne, which are specializations of PROV, and compare their elements and relationships. Our goal is to provide an overview of each one and to support the choice for the most suitable for a specific context.
Análise de erros de anotação de genes exclusivos
Authors: Wagner Priscilla , Mattos Guilherme , Digiampietri Luciano
Published: March 2020

Este artigo apresenta uma abordagem para a identificação de erros de anotação em genes exclusivos. O estudo apresenta ferramentas computacionais que possuem caráter genérico e podem ser utilizadas por pesquisadores e profissionais da área, bem como possibilitam uma maior confiabilidade em uma análise filogenética visando a identificação de genes exclusivos e suas origens. É apresentado um estudo de caso com genes de espécies de bactérias do gênero Xanthomonas, em que as ferramentas foram aplicadas.
Towards an Educational Platform with Real-Time Collaboration and Monitoring of Students Achievement
Authors: de Souza Paulo Silas Severo , Marques Wagner dos Santos , Mombach Jaline Gonçalves
Published: March 2020

Several studies have been undertaken aiming to improve the efficiency of e-learning through the development of features to Virtual Learning Environments. However, such researches have no focus on the use of collaboration of learning objects and analysis of students’ progress in real-time. Hence, this paper presents an educational platform that allows real-time co-authorship and monitoring of students’ progress in learning objects, through the implementation of software engineering techniques and patterns designed for educational systems.
Estudo e Implementação de Técnicas de Motivação no Moodle
Authors: Aires Samanta F. , Leite Jair C.
Published: March 2020

Um dos maiores problemas enfrentados pela Educação a distância, é a falta de interação entre os alunos, e entre eles e seus professores/tutores. Os ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem (AVAs) surgiram na tentativa de melhorar esse problema através de ferramentas de interação, como os fóruns e os chats. Entretanto, mesmo com essas ferramentas, ainda vemos que não há grande interatividade entre os usuários desses ambientes. Dessa forma, neste projeto, apresentamos as etapas de estudo, formulação, implantação e resultados da aplicação de algumas técnicas de motivação baseadas em recompensas e reconhecimento, que objetivam aumentar a colaboração e participação dos alunos dentro do AVA Moodle de um curso técnico. O impacto das técnicas foram avaliadas pela análise do uso do sistema para postar e comentar nos fóruns de discussão. Ao final, discutimos os resultados e indicamos que o uso destas técnicas, particularmente em ambientes de ensino, precisa ser bastante planejado.
Sterbehilfe und assistierter Suizid
Authors: Stiller Lisa
Published: March 2020

Bedingt durch den medizinischen Fortschritt sind die Grenzen der Lebenserhaltung, insbesondere die Frage nach der Legitimation von Sterbehilfe und Suizidassistenz, in den Fokus nicht nur der Medizin und Rechtswissenschaft, sondern auch der gesellschaftlichen Debatte gerückt.

Das Werk beschäftigt sich mit den Auswirkungen der Neuregelung der Patientenverfügung auf Legitimationsmöglichkeiten der Sterbe- und Suizidbeihilfe. Auf Grundlage des Patientenwillens wird unter Heranziehung des § 34 StGB eine Rechtfertigungslösung entwickelt.

Dabei wird insbesondere das Spannungsverhältnis zwischen Zivil- und Strafrecht beleuchtet. Zudem erfolgt eine Auseinandersetzung mit der Rechtsprechung des Bundesgerichtshofs zur Sterbehilfe sowie der von ihm entwickelten Einwilligungslösung.

Schließlich wird § 217 StGB einer kritischen Würdigung im Hinblick auf seine Verfassungsmäßigkeit unterzogen und es werden alternative Möglichkeiten der Suizidprävention aufgezeigt.
Innovative Capacity Allocations for All-IP Networks
Authors: Stocker Volker
Published: March 2020

The Internet ecosystem is characterised by strong dynamics and rapid evolution. In view of the evolving range of content and applications that are to be delivered in an integrated fashion via general-purpose broadband networks, the requirements for traffic delivery and corresponding capacity allocation problems are becoming increasingly complex. The anticipated role of the Internet of things, 5G or virtual reality applications underscores how important it will be for broadband access service providers to flexibly meet these evolving demands in an economically efficient fashion. This book examines the evolution of, and competition within, the Internet ecosystem and analyses efficient capacity allocations in all-IP networks from a network economic perspective. In doing so, it critically appraises the role of network neutrality regulations.
Rechtsphilosophie
Authors: Kirste Stephan
Published: March 2020

Dieses Buch von Stephan Kirste soll in das rechtsphilosophische Denken einführen. Rechtsphilosophie setzt sich kritisch mit dem juristischen Denken auseinander. So behandelt diese Einführung zunächst Theorien der Rechtsphilosophie selbst. Sie beschäftigt sich sodann mit der Rechtswissenschaft und ihrer Interdisziplinarität. Als Rechtstheorie fragt sie nach dem Begriff des Rechts und seiner Abgrenzung zur Moral, bevor schließlich die Rechtsethik die Gerechtigkeit des Rechts diskutiert. Diese systematische Darstellung der Rechtsphilosophie wird mit zahlreichen Beispielen erläutert und durch kurze „Steckbriefe“ zu den wichtigsten Rechtsphilosophen ergänzt.
Exploring Public-Private Partnership in Preschool Education Provision: Potential for Socio-Economic Development
Authors: Radsky Vitaly , Nabiyeva Aynur , Mikayilova Ulviyya
Published: March 2020

This paper explores the role of public-private partnerships in expanding access to preschool education. The first part of the paper summarizes global findings on the importance of quality early childhood education (ECE) for child development, participation of parents in the labor market and overall human capital development of a society. The second section provides a brief overview of the current ECE situation in Azerbaijan. The final section presents a community-based preschool model that was piloted in the Shamkir region by the Center for Innovations in Education (CIE), a Baku-based nonprofit organization as a model for expansion of ECE education in Azerbaijan. Developed as a partnership between a nonprofit, local municipality and a private business, the model offers an opportunity to increase access to ECE nationwide, particularly in rural areas where availability of ECE services is a major issue. Given the multi-faceted benefits of early childhood education (ECE) and quality childcare, this paper suggests that introducing alternative models of preschool education on national level can contribute to socio-economic development in Azerbaijan.
Patriotic Upbringing of Women According to the Idea of the Blessed Marcelina Darowska as a Preparation for the Fight for Independence of the Republic of Poland
Authors: Haratyk Anna
Published: March 2020

From the second half of the 19th century the educational system in Polish lands became a method of fighting for independence and preparation for life in free fatherland. Patriotic and civic upbringing would also include girls who, as wives, mothers, guardians of the homes, and social activists were to be responsible for the future of Poland. One of the educational systems aimed to form wise, reliable, honest, sensible, realistic Polish Christian women, capable of making sacrifices for the good of the fatherland, was developed and implemented by Blessed Mother Marcelina Darowska, founder of the Congregation of the Sisters of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary. The institution for girls established in Jazłowiec became a model not only for the institutions subsequently founded by the Congregation, but also to the entirety of the Polish society. It became a great example of responsible education and preparation of Polish women for independence.
Mounk, Yascha: People vs. Democracy – Why Our Freedom is in Danger and How to Save It
Authors: Marleku Alfred
Published: March 2020

Mounk, Yascha: PEOPLE VS. DEMOCRACY – WHY OUR FREEDOM IS IN DANGER AND HOW TO SAVE IT. London: Harvard University Press. 2018. 393 pages.
Formação do psicólogo na Bahia: uma análise a partir do ENADE 2015
Authors: Rudá Caio , Silva Gabriela Andrade da
Published: March 2020

No âmbito do Sistema Nacional de Avaliação da Educação Superior (SINAES), o Exame Nacional de Desempenho de Estudantes (ENADE) é uma das principais ferramentas de avaliação do ensino superior. O objetivo deste artigo é justamente analisar o desempenho dos estudantes de Psicologia no exame realizado em 2015, apresentando um recorte geográfico circunscrito ao estado da Bahia. Foi realizado um estudo quantitativo, com base nos dados do ENADE 2015 disponibilizados no Portal do INEP. Os cursos foram identificados pelo nome da instituição e município. Foram consideradas na análise as variáveis: organização acadêmica, categoria administrativa, indicadores do desempenho dos estudantes. Os resultados apontam para um processo de interiorização da formação do psicólogo, capitaneada pela rede particular de ensino. De modo geral, verificou-se também que não houve um desempenho significativamente distinto dos cursos no interior em relação aos cursos da capital, todos eles com desempenho mediano ou fraco, compatível com a média nacional. Universidades públicas apresentaram desempenho significativamente superior em relação a faculdades e centros universitários privados. Embora não tenha sido possível estabelecer se as diferenças significativas no desempenho se deveram à organização acadêmica ou à categoria administrativa, a predominância do setor privado, majoritariamente estruturado em faculdades e centros, indica um cenário de precarização do ensino no estado. É, portanto, preocupante o cenário de formação em Psicologia na Bahia, com um perverso processo de interiorização marcado pela presença do mercado, sem a devida garantia da qualidade do ensino, e cujo impacto na atuação profissional merece ser avaliado.