bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STRATEGI PENGUATAN KARAKTER KEBHINEKAAN GLOBAL DALAM MEWUJUDKAN PROFIL PELAJAR PANCASILA
Authors: Setiyawati Dina , Harsan Toni , Rahayu M.H. Sri
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan strategi penguatan karakter kebhinekaan global dalam mewujudkan profil pelajar pancasila peserta didik kelas VII SMP N 1 Baki Sukoharjo. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu metode deskriptif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah, guru dan peserta didik kelas. Pengumpulan data diambil melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Teknik untuk menganalisis data menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman terdiri dari mereduksi data, menyajikan data, serta penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini yaitu sekolah tersebut telah melaksanakan strategi penguatan karakter kebhinekaan global dalam mewujudkan profil pelajar Pancasila, yaitu: 1) guru mengintegrasikan ke dalam kegiatan pembelajaran, 2) membiasakan kegiatan diskusi dalam memecahkan masalah, 3) bekerja sama, 4) gelar karya projek penguatan profil pelajar Pancasila, 5) kunjungan wisata ke tempat bersejarah, 6) kegiatan pembelajaran bahasa asing. Secara keseluruhan, semua kegiatan tersebut telah membantu dalam membentuk karakter peserta didik yang berkebhinekaan global, sebagai salah satu dasar untuk membentuk karakter yang sesuai dengan profil pelajar Pancasila.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN GURU SEKOLAH DASAR MELALUI SERTIFIKASI GURU
Authors: Refi Mariska  , Annisya Ridhotulloh  , Rosmadani  , Rizki Ananda  , Nasrul
Published: August 2024

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi dampak sertifikasi guru terhadap peningkatan profesionalisme guru di Sekolah Dasar. Metode penelitian yang diterapkan adalah studi literatur dengan mengkaji berbagai penelitian terkait efek sertifikasi guru. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa sertifikasi guru memiliki dampak positif terhadap peningkatan kompetensi, kualitas, dan kesejahteraan guru. Guru yang telah bersertifikasi cenderung memiliki motivasi lebih tinggi untuk terus berkembang dan memupuk kualitas pengajaran di kelas. Selain itu, tunjangan sertifikasi juga berkontribusi pada peningkatan kesejahteraan guru. Guru yang lebih sejahtera akan lebih fokus dan berdedikasi dalam melaksanakan tugasnya, yang pada akhirnya dapat memupuk kualitas pendidikan secara keseluruhan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa sertifikasi guru adalah salah satu cara efektif untuk memupuk profesionalisme dan kualitas guru di Indonesia. Penelitian ini memiliki signifikansi yang penting karena kualitas guru merupakan salah satu faktor kunci dalam meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan di Indonesia. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa program sertifikasi guru dapat menjadi strategi yang efektif untuk meningkatkan kualitas pengajaran di kelas.
MODEL PEMBELAJARAN SELF DIRECTED LEARNING PADA PELAJARAN PEMBUATAN POLA BUSANA KERJA SISWA SMK DITINJAU DARI KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Sari Arum Dewi , Marniati  , Rijanto Tri , Cholik Mochammad
Published: August 2024

Perkembangan teknologi era pandemi menuntut para pengguna dalam memperlancar semua aktivitas, terutama dalam proses belajar mengajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya pengaruh model pembelajaran Self-Directed Learning terhadap kemandirian belajar dan hasil belajar pembuatan pola. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu dengan rancangan The Posttest-Only Control-Group Design. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh siswa Tata Busana SMK Negeri 1 Buduran-Sidoarjo, setiap tingkat terdiri dari 4 kelas yakni 1 kelas Desain dan 3 kelas reguler. Kelas XII tata busana dengan jumlah 120 siswa dipilih sebagai sampel yang ditentukan dengan teknik group random sampling. Data kemandirian belajar dikumpulkan dengan kuesioner dan hasil belajar pembuatan pola menggunakan tes pilihan ganda. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan MANOVA (Multivariat Analysis of Variance). Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: Pertama, kemandirian belajar antara siswa yang mengikuti model pembelajaran Self-Directed Learning secara signifikan lebih baik daripada siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran konvensional. Kedua, hasil belajar pembuatan pola antara siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran model Self-Directed Learning secara signifikan lebih baik daripada siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran konvensional. Ketiga, secara simultan kemandirian belajar dan hasil belajar pembuatan pola antara siswa yang mengikuti model pembelajaran Self-Directed Learning secara signifikan lebih baik daripada siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran konvensional.
HUBUNGAN SELF-EFFICACY GURU DENGAN SIKAP GURU TERHADAP PENYELENGGARAAN PENDIDIKAN INKLUSI DI SEKOLAH DASAR DI KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Sahna Aufa Rizqia , Ningrum Nadya Aditya , Febriati Tuti , Masfia Irma , Fahmy Zulfa
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara self-efficacy guru dengan sikap guru sekolah penyelenggaraan pendidikan inklusif di Semarang. Self-efficacy guru merupakan keyakinan guru pada kapasitas pengajaran yang diberikan dalam memberikan dampak positif dan menjadikan siswa sukses dalam pembelajaran. Sikap guru adalah suatu cara guru untuk memberikan tanggapan penilaian yang dapat menyenangkan atau tidak menyenangkan terhadap sesuatu atau seseorang. Subjek penelitian ini sebanyak 97 responden yang merupakan guru sekolah dasar negeri inklusif dari wilayah Semarang. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuesioner yang dikembangkan oleh peneliti. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan metode Spearman's Rho dengan bantuan perangkat lunak SPSS versi 26. Bertujuan untuk menguji hubungan self-efficacy guru dengan sikap guru terhadap penyelenggaraan pendidikan inklusi di sekolah dasar di semarang. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi positif antara kedua variabel tersebut. Artinya, semakin tinggi keyakinan diri guru dalam kemampuan mengajar di Sekolah Dasar inklusi, semakin tinggi pula respons positif guru terhadap penyelenggaraan pendidikan inklusif.
PENDEKATAN PLURALISME AGAMA DALAM PENDIDIKAN DI INDONESIA: TANTANGAN DAN STRATEGI IMPLEMENTASI
Authors: Walad Muzakkir , Dewi Ni Wayan Risna , Windayani Ni Luh Ika , Mudana I Wayan , Lasmawan I Wayan
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyoroti bagaimana pendekatan pluralisme agama dalam pendidikan akan memberikan gambaran komprehensif, mengkaji tantangan dan hambatan dalam menerapkan pendekatan pluralisme agama dalam pendidikan di Indonesia, serta menawarkan arah untuk tindakan selanjutnya dalam memperkuat kerukunan antarumat beragama dan membangun masyarakat yang lebih inklusif, toleran, harmonis dan berbudaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode wawancara dan observasi untuk mengumpulkan data yang mendalam mengenai pluralisme agama dalam pendidikan. Pembahasan dalam artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif-analitik yaitu suatu metode penelitian yang menggabungkan elemen deskriptif dan analitis dalam menganalisis suatu fenomena atau masalah. Pendekatan tersebut menegaskan bahwa Indonesia, dengan keragaman agama yang kaya, menghadapi dinamika kompleks dalam interaksi antaragama. Meskipun ada tantangan, potensi untuk menciptakan masyarakat yang harmonis dan toleran tetap besar melalui pendekatan pluralisme agama yang inklusif. Berbagai metode dan strategi dalam pendidikan, seperti pengembangan kurikulum yang inklusif, penggunaan literatur yang mewakili berbagai agama, dan pendekatan dialogis, terbukti efektif dalam mempromosikan pluralisme agama. Beberapa rekomendasi yang mendukung pendekatan pluralisme agama dalam pendidikan mencakup integrasi kurikulum yang inklusif, pelatihan bagi guru dalam pendekatan dialogis dan pedagogis inklusif, penggunaan literatur yang mendukung keragaman agama, penguatan program ekstrakurikuler, kegiatan komunitas, perbaruan kebijakan pendidikan, dan kampanye publik.
EFEKTIVITAS MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING PADA PEMBELAJARAN PKN DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Aiman Ummu , Bagus Sanjaya Dewa , Suastika I Nengah
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas model discovery learning terhadap hasil belajar PKn IV pada topik pola hidup bergotong-royong di sekolah dasar MIS AL-Fitrah Oesapa Kota Kupang. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pra-ekperimen, dimana hanya menggunakan 1 kelas dalam penelitian. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan one group pretest dan posttest. Sampel penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV MIS AL-Fitrah Oesapa yang berjumlah 20 siswa, menggunakan nonprobability sampling sampling jenuh sebagai teknik penarikan sampel dimana semua anggota populasi dijadikan sampel. Teknik pengumpulan data yakni tes hasil belajar yang menggunakan soal pilihan ganda sebanyak 25 soal pafa materi pola hidup gotong royong. Hasil penelitian rata-rata untuk kelas pretest adalah 62,00, dan kelas posttest dengan rata-rata 72,50. Dengan berdasarkan hasil uji analisis statistik diperoleh bahwa kedua data berdistribusi normal dan homogen, sehingga pengujian hipotesisi dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji independen sampel t-test. Hasil perhitungan uji-t pretest-posttest pada taraf signifikansi 0.05 dengan df 38 di peroleh nilai sig. 0.000< 0.05 sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa H0 ditolak dan H1 di terima. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa adanya efektivitas model discovery learning terhadap hasil belajar PKn IV pada topik pola hidup bergotong-royong di sekolah dasar MIS AL-Fitrah Oesapa Kota Kupang.
Mengintegrasikan Pendidikan Karakter Dalam Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Teknologi Informasi Di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Gusti Utari Akhir
Published: August 2024

Indonesian education faces problems with improving ethics that can be integrated with Information Technology. It is important to carry out research implementation to develop character-based learning media. This research is descriptive and qualitative with data collection techniques; interviews, observation, and documentation of learning media in schools. Research locations in several elementary schools in Padang City. This research analyses learning media, character education, and the needs of elementary school students. The research results show that students need character-based learning media to strengthen their character values. These findings highlight the importance of character education from an early age in forming a strong moral and ethical foundation. Apart from that, integration of information technology is also a major need for students. By using IT-based learning media, students can dig deeper into their digital competencies. Integrating character into IT-based learning media promises a holistic approach to meeting students' needs not only academically but also in terms of character development and digital literacy. Analysis of character education highlights the urgent need to improve students' character. Incorporating character into learning the media is a powerful tool for forming positive attitudes, behaviour, and values ​​in students. Therefore, the results of this analysis suggest the need to integrate efforts to meet the needs of students at the elementary level in a comprehensive manner. The combination of text-based learning media and information technology is the key to creating a learning environment that answers the needs of the times and produces a competent and ethical generation.
Internalization of Sundanese Local Wisdom in Strengthening the Profile of Pancasila Students through the Literacy Movement in Madrasah
Authors: Aswie Viqhi , Ruhbani Amarulloh Reza
Published: August 2024

This study aims to find out and describe the values ​​of Sundanese local wisdom that can be implemented in literacy-based learning in madrasas in the process of strengthening the Pancasila student profile. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method by analyzing the problem and then breaking it down into ideas. the preparation of this paper uses secondary data by reviewing relevant literature from scientific articles. After the data is collected, the analysis is carried out using descriptive and comparative analysis. The profile of Pancasila students is interpreted as a profile of lifelong students with the character of faith and piety to God Almighty, noble character, global diversity, cooperation, independence, critical thinking, and creative reasoning. In this regard, Sundanese local wisdom can be internalized as silih asih, silih asah, silih asuh, silih wawangi, cageur, bageur, bener, pinter and singer. These values ​​are moral values ​​that are firmly held by the Sundanese people and are relevant to strengthening the profile of Pancasila students. In its implementation, these values ​​are designed through the literacy movement by dividing its activities into 3 stages. The first stage is the habituation stage. At this stage, the inculcation of local wisdom values ​​can be divided into each day of the learning process, so in one week of learning, students can form the expected characteristics of the Pancasila student profile. In the second stage, namely the development stage through the literacy corner. The last stage is the learning stage applying learning models that focus on students.
Community Education and its Role in Promoting Smart Cities within a Rapidly Changing Technological Environment
Authors: Wamaungo Abdu Juma , Kamil Mustofa
Published: August 2024

This study explores the role of community education in smart city development within the Indonesian context. The purpose is to understand urban residents' perceptions, attitudes, and barriers toward technology and smart city initiatives and evaluate the effectiveness of current community education programs. A cross-sectional research design was employed, involving surveys and interviews with residents from cities participating in Indonesia's 'Towards 100 Smart Cities' initiative. Thematic and statistical analyses were conducted to analyze the data collected. The findings reveal a mix of optimism and concerns among respondents regarding technology and smart city initiatives, highlighting the importance of addressing privacy, security, and inclusivity issues. While current community education programs effectively raise awareness about smart city concepts, gaps in accessibility and inclusivity persist, suggesting the need for targeted interventions. The study's novelty lies in its contextualized approach to understanding smart city development within Indonesia's diverse urban landscape. It provides practical insights for policymakers and urban planners, emphasizing the importance of community education in promoting inclusive and participatory smart city development. The study contributes to the growing literature on smart city development by offering valuable insights and recommendations for advancing sustainable and equitable urban development in Indonesia and beyond.
Parching for Principle: Hotel Boycotts in Regional Australia, 1901–20
Authors: McIntyre Iain
Published: August 2024

This article serves as the first in-depth study of the nature, dynamics and growth of a set of consumer boycotts in early twentieth-century Australia. Labelled “beer strikes,” these targeted hotels over issues such as the price and quality of alcohol, food and accommodation, as well as the treatment of staff. The article examines how campaigners created and adapted a body of tactics and forms of organisation between 1901 and 1920, to the point where beer strikes became an established and recurring form of contestation. Identifying beer strikes as a primarily regional tactic, it also sheds new light on consumer activism outside of cities. It finds that beer strikes had continuities with other forms of working-class activism: making use of methods of organisation rooted in unions and in labour politics, and drawing on modern adaptions of ideas concerning “fair” prices and rightful compensation for work. It demonstrates that boycotts played a greater role in Australian working-class distributive and consumer struggles than has been previously acknowledged.
Ubiquitous Late Radio Emission from Tidal Disruption Events
Authors: Cendes Y. , Berger E. , Alexander K. D. , Chornock R. , Margutti R. , Metzger B. , Wieringa M. H. , Bietenholz M. F. , Hajela A. , Laskar T. , Stroh M. C. , Terreran G.
Published: August 2024

We present radio observations of 23 optically discovered tidal disruption events (TDEs) on timescales of ∼500–3200 days postdiscovery. We detect nine new TDEs that did not have detectable radio emission at earlier times, indicating a late-time brightening after several hundred (and up to 2300) days; an additional seven TDEs exhibit radio emission whose origin is ambiguous or may be attributed to the host galaxy or an active galactic nucleus. We also report a new rising component in one TDE previously detected in the radio at ∼103 days. While the radio emission in some of the detected TDEs peaked on a timescale ≈2–4 yr, over half of the sample still show rising emission. The range of luminosities for the sample is ∼1037–1039 erg s−1, about 2 orders of magnitude below the radio luminosity of the relativistic TDE Sw J1644+57. Our data set indicates ∼40% of all optical TDEs are detected in radio hundreds to thousands of days after discovery, and that this is probably more common than early radio emission peaking at ∼102 days. Using an equipartition analysis, we find evidence for a delayed launch of the radio-emitting outflows, with delay timescales of ∼500–2000 days, inferred velocities of ≈0.02–0.15c, and kinetic energies of ∼1047–1049 erg. We rule out off-axis relativistic jets as a viable explanation for this population, and conclude delayed outflows are a more likely explanation, possibly from delayed disk formation. We conclude late radio emission marks a fairly ubiquitous but heretofore overlooked phase of TDE evolution.
A Stellar Dynamical Mass Measurement of the Supermassive Black Hole in NGC 3258
Authors: Waters Thomas K. , Gültekin Kayhan , Gebhardt Karl , Nagar Neil , Ávila Vanessa
Published: August 2024

We present a stellar dynamical mass measurement of the supermassive black hole in the elliptical (E1) galaxy NGC 3258. Our findings are based on integral field unit spectroscopy from the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) observations in narrow-field mode with adaptive optics and the MUSE wide-field mode, from which we extract kinematic information by fitting the Ca ii and Mg b triplets, respectively. Using axisymmetric, three-integral Schwarzschild orbit library models, we fit the observed line-of-sight velocity distributions to infer the supermassive black hole mass, the H-band mass-to-light ratio, the asymptotic circular velocity, and the dark matter halo scale radius of the galaxy. We report a black hole mass of (2.2 ± 0.2) × 109
M
⊙ at an assumed distance of 31.9 Mpc. This value is in close agreement with a previous measurement from Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array CO observations. The consistency between these two measurements provides strong support for both the gas dynamical and stellar dynamical methods.
The Influence of Different Phases of a Solar Flare on Changes in the Total Electron Content in the Earth’s Ionosphere
Authors: Bekker Susanna , Milligan Ryan O. , Ryakhovsky Ilya A.
Published: August 2024

Variations in X-ray and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) irradiance during solar flares lead to a noticeable increase in the electron concentration in the illuminated part of the Earth’s ionosphere. Due to the large amount of experimental data accumulated by global navigation satellite systems, the total electron content (TEC) response to the impulsive phase of a solar flare has been studied quite well. However, recent studies have shown that a large fraction of X-class flares have a second strong peak of warm coronal emission (which is called “EUV late phase”), whose influence on the ionization of ionospheric layers is not yet clear. A combined analysis of successive solar emissions and the caused TEC changes made it possible to numerically estimate the ionospheric response to the impulsive, gradual, and late phases of the X2.9 solar flare that occurred on 2011 November 3 and demonstrate the high geoeffectiveness of the rather weak Fe xv 28.4 nm solar emission during the EUV late phase. It was found that the ionospheric response to the relatively weak emissions of the EUV late phase of the X2.9 solar flare amounted to almost a third of the TEC increase during the impulsive phase.
Merger Shocks Enhance Quenching in Local Galaxy Clusters
Authors: Roberts Ian D.
Published: August 2024

We report evidence for enhanced quenching in low-redshift galaxy clusters hosting radio relics. This effect is strongest for low-mass galaxies and is consistent with a rapid quenching of star formation. These results imply that merger shocks in the intracluster medium play a role in driving environmental quenching, which we argue is due to elevated ram pressure in these disturbed systems.
Toward Spectrum Coexistence: First Demonstration of the Effectiveness of Boresight Avoidance between the NRAO Green Bank Telescope and Starlink Satellites
Authors: Nhan Bang D. , De Pree Christopher G. , Iverson Matt , Gregory Brenne , Dueri Daniel , Beasley Anthony , Schepis Brian
Published: August 2024

NRAO and SpaceX have been engaged in coordinated testing efforts since Fall 2021, including conducting experiments on different interference avoidance schemes for the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array in New Mexico, and the Green Bank Telescope (GBT) inside the National Radio Quiet Zone in West Virginia. The Starlink system is capable of avoiding direct illumination of telescope sites with their adaptive tasking to place downlink beams far away. Nevertheless, even satellites operating in this mode can potentially present strong signals into the telescope’s receiver system if they pass close to the telescope’s main beam at the boresight. For additional protection, Starlink satellites can either momentarily redirect or completely disable their downlink channels while they pass within some minimum angular separation threshold from the telescope’s boresight, methods that are referred to as “telescope boresight avoidance.” In two separate experiments conducted since Fall 2023, NRAO and SpaceX arranged to have the GBT observe a fixed R.A./decl. position in the sky, chosen to have a large number of close-to-boresight Starlink passages. Preliminary analysis from these two experiments illustrates the feasibility of these avoidance methods to significantly reduce, if not eliminate, the negative impact of close-to-boresight satellite passages. Importantly, these experiments demonstrate the value of continuing cooperative efforts between NRAO and SpaceX, and expanding cooperation between the radio astronomy and satellite communities more generally.
A new Xilithus species from Hubei, China (Araneae, Phrurolithidae)
Authors: Liu Rongxin , Liu Jie , Liu Changyong , Chen Kuai , Hu Changhao
Published: August 2024

The genus Xilithus Liu & Li, 2023 contains 22 species, three of which are known from Hubei Province, China: X. acerosus (Yao, Irfan & Peng, 2019), X. auritus (Fu, Zhang & Zhang, 2016) and X. xingdoushanensis (Yao, Irfan & Peng, 2019).

One new Xilithus species from Hubei, China is described: X. qizimeishanensis Liu & Hu sp. nov. Morphological description, digital photos and distribution map are provided.
Possibility of 3D Model Collections with LiDAR: Simply, Easily, and Inexpensively in Paleontology
Authors: Maruyama Satoshi , Miyata Shinya , Kurosu Hiromi , Matsuoka Hiroshige
Published: August 2024

Until several years ago, it was difficult for the general public to acquire 3D data. Recently, portable devices have been equipped with LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging). LiDAR is a method for determining ranges by targeting an object or a surface with a laser and measuring the time for the reflected light to return to the receiver. It is easy to acquire 3D data by LiDAR at low cost, so making 3D digital specimens and using 3D databases have become more popular. This study aims to to investigate the possibility of creating 3D digital model collections in paleontology using a simple, easy and inexpensive approach that applies portable devices equipped with LiDAR. Two Apple iPad Pro® (3rd and 4th generation) and an iPhone® 15 Pro equipped with LiDAR are used with the Scaniverse application. The scanning distance of Scaniverse is from 0.3 m to 5.0 m for 3D modelling. Targets of paleontological 3D models in our study, range from hand-sized specimens to exhibits several meters in size, exhibition rooms and outcrops, including a 5 cm ammonite and an ~3 m full-body replica of Naumann’s elephant, Palaeoloxodon naumanni. In this case study, it was difficult to make 3D models of specimens under 10 cm diameter. On the other hand, 3D modelling of specimens greater than 10 cm, and up to 5 m long produced reasonable results. These 3D model collections can be used as exhibits and for education by making 3D printings and virtual reality (VR) models. Because the LiDAR technology is now built into common devices, problems may arise because anyone could make and share 3D models simply, easily, and inexpensively. Several issues of ownership, such as copyright, could arise from creating these models because digital data policies are not uniform or codified between museums and institutions. In the future, rules to govern these collections internationally need to be developed.
Karyotypic description and comparison of Litoria (L.) paraewingi (Watson et al., 1971), L. ewingii (Duméril et Bibron, 1841) and L. jervisiensis (Duméril et Bibron, 1841) (Amphibia, Anura)
Authors: Mollard Richard , Mahony Michael , West Matt
Published: August 2024

The karyotype of Litoria (L.) paraewingi (Watson et al., 1971) (Big River State Forest, Victoria) is described here for the first time. It is prepared following tissue culture of toe clipping macerates, cryopreservation, reculture and conventional 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining. The L. paraewingi karyotype is then compared to similarly processed IUCN (International Union for the Conservation of Nature) least concern members L. ewingii (Duméril et Bibron, 1841) (southern Victoria) and L. jervisiensis (Duméril et Bibron, 1841) (Myall Lakes National Park, New South Wales), all members of the same L. ewingii complex/group. The L. paraewingi diploid number is 2n = 26, the same as for the other two species. Litoria paraewingi chromosomes 1, 2, 6 and 7 are submetacentric, chromosomes 3 and 5 are subtelocentric and the remainder are metacentric. No secondary constriction or putative nucleolus organiser region (NOR) was readily identifiable following conventional DAPI staining in any scored L. paraewingi metaphase spread. Conversely, a putative NOR was readily identifiable on the long arm of chromosome 1 in all examined metaphase spreads for the other two species. The karyotypes of L. ewingii and L. jervisiensis here further differ from L. paraewingi with chromosome 1 being metacentric and chromosomes 8 and 10 being submetacentric for both former species. The L. jervisiensis karyotype differs from those of L. ewingii and L. paraewingi by DAPI staining with: (i) apparent relative length inversion of subtelocentric chromosome 3 and metacentric chromosome 4 and (ii) chromosome 6 being metacentric rather than submetacentric. All three species have a highly conserved chromosome morphology with respect to chromosomes 2, 5, 7, 9, 11, 12 and 13. The greatest gross morphological difference karyotypically is observed between L. paraewingi and L. jervisiensis. These karyotype data support the previous phylogenetic separation of these three species based upon genetic compatibility and behavioural, biochemical and molecular genetic analyses.
Optimising eDNA analysis for urban otter monitoring: seasonal patterns, detection strategies and prey availability
Authors: Kang Yujin , Han Seungwoo , Song Youngkeun
Published: August 2024

Significant advancements in environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis technology have led to its widespread adoption for species monitoring. However, the low DNA concentration in eDNA often raises concerns about PCR bias, which is a primary issue in enhancing the reliability of eDNA survey results. This study aims to identify the suitable eDNA analysis method and detection strategy for obtaining the presence data of Eurasian otters in an urban stream and to investigate the seasonal distribution patterns of Eurasian otters and their potential prey species. The eDNA survey revealed the presence of six out of the 13 mammal species recorded in fieldwork and literature reviews, including Canis lupus, Felis silvestris and Mustela sibirica. Notably, Eurasian otters were not detected in the eDNA metabarcoding conducted in April and October, despite traditional surveys confirming their presence. In contrast, qPCR assays successfully amplified Eurasian otters from the same samples that were analysed using metabarcoding. When evaluating detection criteria, based on the number of positive samples in repetitions, Eurasian otters were detected at 42.9% to 85.7% of the sampling sites in April and at all sampling sites in October. This suggests a higher detection probability of Eurasian otters in October, indicating a potential expansion of their home range during that season compared to April. Metabarcoding results revealed similar findings regarding fish species as traditional surveys, with Cyprinidae accounting for the largest proportion of fish species at the family level (April, 54.57%; October, 43.58%), followed by Gobiidae (April, 16.90%; October, 22.88%). At the species level, P. parva was the dominant fish species in Saetgang, constituting 5.68% and 6.35% of relative abundance in April and October, respectively. This implies that Eurasian otters as opportunistic predators, may increasingly take advantage of the availability of species within the family Cyprinidae, notably Pseudorasbora parva, as a food source within the study area during the months of April and October. This study highlights that qPCR is the more effective approach in urban areas to offer insights into otters’ distribution patterns, while metabarcoding is useful to provide the properties of the biological environment. Furthermore, this study indicated that it is necessary to determine the suitable eDNA analysis methods depending on the research purpose to obtain detection results effectively.
Econometric analysis of supply chain disruptions: financial performance in the European automotive sector
Authors: Naimy Viviane , Chedid Tatiana Abou , Bitar Nicolas
Published: August 2024

We investigated the relationship between supply chain disruptions (SCD) and the financial performance (FP) of European automotive companies across emerging and developed nations. Addressing gaps in the literature, it offers a comprehensive, industry-specific analysis using panel data from 73 automotive firms across 21 European countries from 2013 to 2022. We examined the impact of SCD on return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), and stock returns (SR), while controlling for factors such as age, leverage, size, economic growth, inflation, and unemployment. Our findings revealed that disruptions related to industrial materials and iron prices (IRAW) positively influence stock market performance, with a 99.5% increase in SR per 1% rise in IRAW, suggesting increased demand. Conversely, precious metal prices negatively affected all financial metrics, reducing ROE by 17.3% and SR by 55.5% per 1% increase. Heightened shipping costs showed varied impacts on ROA and ROE but contributed to a 12.9% average increase in SR, indicating effective cost transfer to consumers. The pandemic years significantly decreased ROA, ROE, and SR, highlighting challenges faced by the automotive sector. Rising oil prices showed no significant association, underscoring the importance of hedging strategies. The control variable outcomes emphasize the need for detailed evaluation in assessing financial performance. This study's contribution lies in its detailed analysis of specific disruptions within the automotive industry and their distinct impacts on financial performance metrics, providing a nuanced understanding that addresses significant gaps in the existing literature.
Dynamics of a stoichiometric phytoplankton-zooplankton model with season-driven light intensity
Authors: Sun Zhenyao , Song Da , Fan Meng
Published: August 2024

Chemical heterogeneity significantly influences the dynamics of phytoplankton and zooplankton interactions through its effects on phytoplankton carrying capacity and zooplankton ingestion rates. Our central objective of this study was to develop and examine a nonautonomous model of phytoplankton-zooplankton growth, which incorporates season-driven variations in light intensity and chemical heterogeneity. The dynamics of the system is characterized by positive invariance, dissipativity, boundary dynamics, and internal dynamics. Subsequently, numerical simulations were conducted to validate the theoretical findings and to elucidate the effects of seasonal light intensity, nutrient availability, and zooplankton loss rates on phytoplankton dynamics. The outcomes of our model and analysis offer a potential explanation for seasonal phytoplankton blooms.
JOGO DIDÁTICO “TRÊS PISTAS EM AÇÃO”: DESVENDANDO OS SISTEMAS” PARA O ENSINO INTEGRADO DOS SISTEMAS FISIOLÓGICOS
Authors: Silva Maisa , Silva Karla Vieira Marins
Published: August 2024

Observando a necessidade em romper com a forma fragmentada e memorização de conteúdos pela qual o ensino de fisiologia muitas vezes é conduzido nas salas de aula, é notória a necessidade de novas práticas pedagógicas diferenciadas que favoreçam a integração de conceitos, estimulem o pensamento crítico e ofereçam oportunidades para a aplicação do conhecimento em situações do mundo real. O papel dos jogos pode ser uma ferramenta para favorecer o processo de ensino aprendizagem, uma vez que podem motivar a participação do aluno e despertar o interesse em sala de aula. Diante disso, nosso objetivo foi desenvolver e aplicar o jogo “Três Pistas em ação: Desvendando os sistemas” sobre os sistemas digestório, circulatório e excretor. O jogo foi aplicado a estudantes de uma turma do 2º ano do ensino médio e após sua aplicação os alunos responderam um questionário de usabilidade referente a este jogo. Por meio da análise dos questionários de usabilidade do jogo didático percebemos que o jogo desenvolvido atuou como agente motivador e facilitador no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Assim, concluímos que a utilização de metodologias alternativas pode potencializar o entendimento de conceitos básicos relacionados à fisiologia humana.
CONHECIMENTO DE ACADÊMICOS DE ODONTOLOGIA SOBRE A UTILIZAÇÃO DE SELANTE EM LESÕES DE CÁRIE EM DENTINA
Authors: Lazzarin Helen Cristina , Denzer Tholken Bruna , Schaefer Luiz Camilly
Published: August 2024

Com o advento da odontologia minimamente invasiva, os selantes, além de serem utilizados para o selamento preventivo de cicatrículas e fissuras, podem ser usados para selar lesões cariosas em dentina, pois formam uma barreira mecânica com o meio bucal e impedem a progressão da lesão. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o conhecimento dos acadêmicos de odontologia sobre a utilização de selantes em lesões de cárie em dentina. Participaram da pesquisa 73 acadêmicos de odontologia da terceira e quarta série da Universidade Paranaense, campus Cascavel - PR, os quais responderam um formulário contendo 12 questões objetivas sobre o selamento de lesões de cárie em dentina.  Na terceira série, 69,2% dos acadêmicos acreditam que os selantes podem paralisar lesões cariosas enquanto que, dos acadêmicos da quarta série, 73,5% acreditam na eficácia da técnica. Sobre o melhor material para o selamento de cárie, 2,6% dos acadêmicos da terceira série e 5,9% da quarta série indicaram corretamente a resina flow. Quanto às cavidades de cárie indicadas para realização do selamento a maioria dos entrevistados da terceira série (64,1%) e quarta série (52,9%) selecionaram corretamente as cavidades restritas, sendo face oclusal, 53,8% da terceira série e 26,5% da quarta série em cavidades com distância segura da câmara pulpar e 35,9% da terceira série e 23,5% da quarta série em cavidades com abertura máxima de 3 mm. Após a análise dos resultados, pode-se concluir que os acadêmicos da 4ª série mostraram ter maior conhecimento sobre os selantes nessas condições, quando comparados aos da 3ª série.
Residual attention based multi-label learning for apple leaf disease identification
Authors: Zhou Changjian , Zhao Zhenyuan , Chen Wenzhuo , Feng Yuquan , Song Jia , Xiang Wensheng
Published: August 2024

Recent studies suggest that plant disease identification via machine learning approach is vital for preventing the spread of diseases. Identifying multiple diseases simultaneous on a single leaf is one of the most irritating issues in agricultural production. However, the existing approaches are difficult to meet the requirements of production practice in accuracy or interpretability. Here, we present residual attention based multi-label learning framework (RAMDI), a method for predicting apple leaf diseases in natural environment. Built upon an attention based multi-label learning framework, the channel and spatial attention mechanisms are investigated and embedded in residual network for multi-label disease prediction, which takes advantage of channel-wise and spatial-wise attention weights. Experimental results indicate that the RAMDI achieves 0.976 accuracy, 0.986 F-score, and 0.979 mAPs, outperforms the existing state-of-the-art apple leaf disease identification models. RAMDI not only predicts multi-disease on a single leaf simultaneously, but also reveals the interpretability among positive predictions that contribute most to identify the key features that are significant for the leaf diseases. This method achieves the following two achievements. Firstly, it provides a solution for detecting multiple diseases on a single leaf. Secondly, this approach gains an interpretable understanding for apple leaf disease identification.
Photobiomodulation therapy for oral lesions: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Wangsa Clarissa Wiemputri , Gunardi Indrayadi , Amtha Rahmi , Djamil Melanie Sadono , Sari Elizabeth Fitriana
Published: August 2024

Photobiomodulation therapy is a nonthermal light therapy with therapeutic properties for pain and inflammation relief, immune modulation, and tissue regeneration. Our goal was to provide a comprehensive overview of photobiomodulation therapy for oral lesions using visual mapping techniques. We used VOSViewer to analyze publications in the “photobiomodulation” and “oral lesion” categories from PubMed, Scopus, and Dimension AI databases, allowing us to track author contributions, journal, institutional affiliations, and contributions by country. A total of 373 publications from 1991 to 2022 were gathered. Notably, Brazil, the United States, and France emerged as major contributors in this field. The College of Dentistry at the University of Florida (US) ranked first with 515 citations. Jan Magnus Bjordal was the most prolific author, receiving 207 total citations. Supportive Care in Cancer and Photomedicine and Laser Surgery were identified as the two most promising journals. The intellectual structure was divided into four clusters: cluster one for ‘lllt’, cluster two for ‘head and neck cancer’, cluster three for ‘olp’, and cluster four for ‘inflammatory mediators’. Overall, there has been a significant increase in research on photobiomodulation, particularly over the last decade. The study identified four distinct research clusters: low-level light therapy, head and neck cancer, oral lichen planus, and inflammatory mediators. These findings highlight the need for further research into photobiomodulation in the treatment of various oral diseases. This trend may indicate an increase in the use of low-level light therapy to treat oral lesions in the population, as well as the potential for alternative treatments.
Nursing students’ perceptions and attitudes towards dementia care in Namibia
Authors: Tomas Nestor , Mangundu Andrias M.
Published: August 2024

Background: Dementia is a significant public health concern and a leading cause of disability and dependency among elderly individuals globally. However, there is currently limited research examining the perceptions and attitudes of healthcare providers, including nursing students, in Namibia.Aim: This study aimed to examine nursing students’ perceptions and attitudes of caring for patients with dementia.Setting: The study was conducted at two university campuses in Namibia.Methods: A quantitative correlational design was employed to conveniently recruit 196 third- and fourth-year nursing students between April and August 2023, utilising the Geriatric In-Hospital Nursing Care Questionnaire (GerINCQ) online survey. Data were analysed using SPSSv28 for descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: The perception score ranged from 2.26 to 2.43, indicating negative attitudes and perceptions towards dementia care. The highest mean perception of 2.43 (95% CI = 2.3–2.55) was on reacting to challenging behaviour and the lowest was on professional responsibility 2.26 (95% CI = 2.12–2.4). Correlations were observed between age and performed interventions (r = 0.66; p = 0.01) and gender and dementia-sensitive care (r = 0.52; p = 0.01).Conclusion: The study revealed unfavourable attitudes and perceptions towards dementia care among nursing students, contrary to the optimistic anticipation. The results highlight the urgent need to develop and integrate dementia care strategies and practices into nursing education curricula.Contribution: This study provides valuable data for informing quality assurance initiatives aimed at improving nursing training in dementia care.
Paediatric chronic suppurative otitis media in rural Rwanda: Prevalence and parental practices
Authors: Tuyishimire Gratien
Published: August 2024

Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a common paediatric ear disease in developing countries, typically resulting from an acute otitis media (AOM) that is not promptly diagnosed or treated. Home remedies using herbal medicine in rural villages may contribute to treatment delays and complications.Methods: A cross-sectional study of children from three rural schools was conducted. Children between 6 and 14 years of age were randomly selected and screened by the lead author for CSOM between January and February 2015 by history and physical examination, including otoscopy. Parents of children diagnosed with CSOM were asked additional questions regarding their understanding of this clinical entity.Results: A total of 461 children with a mean age of 9.8 years were screened and 17 were diagnosed with CSOM (3.6%). The majority (n = 10/17, 59%) of parents reported no understanding of the aetiology of their children’s ear symptoms and the remainder (n = 7, 41%) reported other incorrect aetiologies. Traditional home remedies such as instilling fruit juice are still common in this community. Most parents confirmed to have previously used traditional remedies at least once to treat their children for CSOM.Conclusion: Approximately one in 25 school-aged children in rural Rwanda had CSOM at the time of this study. Parental knowledge about the causes, treatments and complications of CSOM is limited.Contribution: This study provided insights into the prevalence of CSOM in school-aged children in the Rwandan district of Bugesera and explored current beliefs and practices among parents of children with CSOM.
A Clinico-Epidemiological Study on Porokeratosis
Authors: Shirahatti Trishala , Bangaru H , Sathish S
Published: August 2024

Porokeratosis (PK) is a chronic progressive disorder of keratinization characterized clinically by hyperkeratotic papules or plaques surrounded by a threadlike, elevated border that expands centrifugally. Pathogenesis involves heterozygous mutations in mevalonate kinase enzyme. The most common variants are disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis (DSAP) and PK of Mibelli. All forms show a thin column of parakeratosis, the cornoid lamella, representing the active border. Dermoscopy reveals central brownish discoloration surrounded by a single hypopigmented band and a peripheral ‘white track’. Long-standing cases of PK may undergo malignant transformation. UV-protection and topical agents, such as 5-fluorouracil, imiquimod, calcipotriol, tretinoin and oral retinoids are helpful. To study the clinical and epidemiological pattern of PK and the clinico-dermoscopic and histopathological correlation of PK. A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on the patients attending the dermatology outpatient department (OPD) over 9 months with suspected features of PK. These patients were evaluated clinically and subjected to dermoscopy and histopathology. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Of 11 patients, there were four (36.36%) males and seven (63.66%) females. The youngest was 18-year-old boy, and the eldest was 63-year-old man. The clinically most common type was PK of Mibelli with five (45.45%) cases. The most common dermoscopic feature observed was double-marginated, white peripheral border. The most common histopathological feature noted was cornoid lamella. PK is a rare skin disorder with a wide spectrum of clinical variants. Dermoscopy and histopathology aid in diagnosis, whereas dermoscopy plays a pivotal role in early and non-invasive diagnosis. Regular follow-up is mandatory to watch for the development of malignancies in a few variants.
Association between Isotretinoin Exposure and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Nationwide Case-Control Study in South Korea
Authors: Hyeong Jin H. , Son Minkook , Jeong Dayeon , Jang Ye J. , Kim Kwang H. , Kim Kwang J. , Park Eun J.
Published: August 2024

Context:

Isotretinoin is commonly prescribed for the treatment of acne. However, its association with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) could not be confirmed due to inconsistencies in the literature. Furthermore, no related study has been conducted on an Asian population.

Aims:

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between isotretinoin and inflammatory bowel disease.

Methods and Material:

A nationwide, population-based, case-control study using the National Health Insurance Service database of South Korea was conducted. The case group comprised 107,434 patients with IBD, while the control group comprised 393,830 patients who were matched using a 1:4 propensity score. Data on isotretinoin exposure within the previous 5 years were extracted, and a multivariable-adjusted, conditional, logistic, regression analysis was performed.

Results:

After adjusting for age, sex, underlying disease, the Charlson co-morbidity index, and tetracycline use, a significant association between isotretinoin exposure and IBD was found, with an odds ratio of 1.20 (95% confidence interval, 1.10–1.30). Furthermore, the association appeared to become stronger with longer exposure, more of a cumulative dose, and a longer time since the first exposure. When analyzed separately for ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, isotretinoin exposure was significantly associated with both diseases.

Conclusions:

Our study reveals a dose–response relationship between isotretinoin exposure and IBD risk in an Asian population. Healthcare professionals should be aware of the association and consider alternative medications for acne treatment, particularly in patients who are at a higher risk of developing IBD.