bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Short Fast Fourier Transform and Continuous Wavelet Transform in Study of Stride Interval
Authors:   Rehabilitation and Assistive Technology Research Group, Faculty of Electrical Technology and Engineering, Technical University Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia, Lee TH , Nazmi N ,   Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, University of Technology Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: October 2024

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) are a heterogeneous group of complex diseases characterized by neuronal loss and progressive degeneration of different areas of the nervous system. Gait analysis presents an early recognition system for NDD which is important to increase the patient’s awareness of their health conditions. However, it is very difficult to identify and formulate suitable digital biomarkers from the data collected from gait experiments such as stride interval and swing. The objective of this paper is to compare the result of Short - Time Fourier Transform (STFT) and Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) on the collected stride interval of healthy young people and healthy old people. In this paper, STFT and CWT are performed on the collected stride interval and from the result of the STFT and CWT, further features are extracted like instantaneous RMS and maximum RMS value. STFT is performed on the collected stride interval from a window length of 64 to 512 while CWT is performed on the collected stride interval from the scale of 128 to 2048. The processing time of the STFT and CWT with varied window lengths and scales respectively are collected. Besides, the actual maximum time from the time - frequency plot derived from STFT and CWT is also collected. Both STFT and CWT show that the young group has a higher maximum RMS, an indication of higher stride interval than the old group and higher variance, an indication of higher gait complexity. The suitable window lengths for STFT in analyzing the stride interval are 64 and 128 while the scale for CWT should be set to the lowest scale. Overall, STFT with a window length of 64 and 128 is better in analyzing the stride interval due to low processing time at the expense of slightly less accurate time - frequency representation.
Interleukin 6, As a « Target Molecule », in the Assessment of the Severity of Sars-Cov-2 Infection
Authors:   The Pulmonology Department of the Military Hospital of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia, Nouha Boubaker
Published: October 2024

Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 is an emerging virus, responsible for pulmonary and systemic tissue damage. We suggest that Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is the key molecule of inflammatory mediators. Aim of the study: We aimed to highlight the importance of IL-6 as a prognostic marker of the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: It is a prospective, cross-sectional study including 70 patients affected with COVID19, admitted in our hospital, from September 2020 to January 2021 (during the first wave). Results: We included 70 patients. The mean age was 64 years with a male predominance (sex-ratio=3.1). Twenty-six patients were active smokers (37.1%). Hypertension was the most common comorbidity (51.4%) followed by Diabetes (28.6%) and dyslipidemia (17.2%). The common clinical manifestations at admission were fever (68.1%), dyspnea (59%) and fatigue (46%). The mean IL-6 level was 7.3 ±3.6pg/ml. Multivariate analysis showed that high Il-6 is associated with severe form of the disease on admission (OR: 1.8, CI: 1.02-1.9, p=0.004) and intensive care unit referrals (OR: 2.8, CI: 2.02-4, p=0.001). Conclusion: To conclude, we do underline the importance of IL-6 as a prognostic biomarker in the assessment of the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Further studies are required in order to highlight the beneficial effects of Interleukin-6 inhibitors to treat these severe forms.
Risk of Faecal Contamination of Water used by Food Vendors in Owerri Munipality, Imo State Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Medicine, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria, Nkenna Udoka
Published: October 2024

Assessment of faecal contamination of water is a key factor in assessing the quality and safety of food. It also reveals the level of hygiene adopted by food
handlers in the course of preparation and serving of such foods. This study assessed the risk of microbial contamination of water used by food vendors
in Owerri munipality, Imo State Nigeria between January-December 2019 with an emphasis on total coliforms and the faecal coliforms/ faecal indicator
bacteria (FIB) – Escherichia coli (E. coli) and thermotolerant coliforms (TTC). One hundred and thirty water samples collected across three vending types
(street vendors, high level and low level restaurants) were evaluated for microbial contamination using standard methods. Data obtained was statistically
analyzed with p-value set at 0.05 significance level. The result identified Enterobacter spp. and Klebsiella spp. The result showed that 48.46% (63) of the 130
water samples examined were contaminated with coliform bacteria, of which 20 (22.22%) samples had faecal coliform bacteria, representing 10.77% of the
entire water samples examined. Of the 64 samples from water used for food preparation, 12.50% (8) had faecal coliform bacteria as against 9.09% (6) of 66
samples collected from water offered to customers for drinking. The result showed that 116 (89.23%) of the 130 water samples recorded no faecal coliform
contamination, hence they were considered excellent based on the guidelines for determination of faecal contamination of water. Two samples had faecal
coliform counts of 1-3 per 100 ml of water accounting for 1.54% of water samples, which is considered Satisfactory. The result revealed suspicious (4-9 per
100 ml) coliform count in 9 (6.92%) water samples, while three water samples (2.31%) had ≥10 count and are classified as unsatisfactory. The result revealed
that 89.23% (116) of the examined water samples were of ‘no risk’ to the public, which was significantly higher than 8.46% (11) and 2.31% (3) recognized as
being of low and intermediate risk respectively (p <0.05). High and very high risk water samples were not encountered in the study. This trend in qualification
of risk of water samples reflected in the two types of water usages, and the observed differences was however not statistically significant (p>0.05).
Combined Laparoscopic Pyelolithotomy with RIRS in a Patient with Horseshoe Kidney Anomaly and Kidney Stone: A Case Report
Authors:   College of Medicine, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Turkey, Tekin Yakup Emre
Published: October 2024

Horseshoe Kidney is the most prevalent congenital kidney fusion anomaly, affecting 0.25 percent of the general population and occurring in 1 in
400 to 1600 births. Approximately forty percent of patients develop kidney stones due to anomalies. In our case, we aimed to perform combined
laparoscopic pyelolithotomy with RIRS instead of PCNL in a patient with horseshoe anomaly. This procedure enabled us to detect the location of
the mobile stone with RIRS and then successfully extract it with laparoscopic pyelolithotomy. Laparoscopic pyelolithotomy combined with RIRS is
a reasonable additional treatment option for complicated stone surgery due to horseshoe kidney anomalies.
Sitagliptin-Induced Acute Necrotizing Pancreatitis: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Surgery, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria, Al-Hajjaj Maher
Published: October 2024

Introduction and Importance: Sitagliptin is a dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitor used as an oral hypoglycemic agent in the treatment of type
2 Diabetes Mellitus. Acute pancreatitis is a rare known complication of sitagliptin, which can occur at any time after initiation of the drug therapy.
Case Presentation: A 41 year-old female patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus presented with signs and symptoms of acute necrotizing pancreatitis.
Recently, her GP added sitagliptin for more control on her disease. This drug induced acute pancreatitis. We admitted the patient to the ICU for
monitoring after cessation of the causative agent. Fluid resuscitation and intravenous antibiotics were the definite treatment. Follow-up for three
months showed no recurrence
Clinical Discussion: Our patient had a fatal complication after the use of sitagliptin drug. Computed tomography scan with contrast is usually enough
to reach the diagnosis. Early treatment is very important in these cases.
Conclusion: Sitagliptin is a good oral hypoglycemic agent to control glucose in patients with diabetes. Serious side effects should be monitored to
avoid morbidity and mortality.
Targeting Different Types of Cancer: Molecular Factors and Therapeutic Applications of Phyto Compounds
Authors:   Department of Pharmacy, Burdwan Institute of Pharmacy, West Bengal, India, Nandy Shouvik Kumar
Published: October 2024

Cancer is still the second most common cause of death because of genetic mutations in DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) sequences. The standard target-directed strategy, which is one of the biggest hurdles in anti-cancer research is dealing with the significance of target function in healthy cells. Cancer cells also suffer from a variety of mutations, alterations in gene duplication, and chromosomal abnormalities, all of which have an immediate impact on the effectiveness of anticancer medications at various developmental stages. Cancer medicine development is challenging due to a combination of these characteristics, which also contribute to lower clinical licensure success rates than in other therapeutic categories. The pathophysiology and molecular characteristics of prevalent cancer types are the main topics of the current review. The search for herbal-based alternatives that lessen resistance brought on by cancer therapy and exert chemo-protective properties is motivated by the fact that the currently available chemotherapeutic medications, also known as combination chemotherapy, are linked to a number of negative effects. This review revised the list of important substances that may improve the effectiveness of cancer treatment in order to offer fresh perspectives
The Patient with Cancer and the Information
Authors:   School of Medicine, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina, Huñis Adrián P
Published: October 2024

The communication of information to cancer patients plays a critical role in their care and well-being. This editorial examines the importance of providing accurate and understandable information to newly diagnosed cancer patients. It analyzes how effective communication of diagnosis, prognosis, treatment options and possible side effects not only empowers patients in decision-making, but also provides them with emotional support. In addition, best practices are explored to adapt communication to the individual needs of patients, considering factors such as emotional state, comorbidities and personal preferences. This summary emphasizes the importance of empathetic and patient-centered communication to improve the quality of care and the experience of the cancer patient.
Pet-Scan for Osteosarcoma
Authors:   The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan, Almohammed Manar
Published: October 2024

The communication of information to cancer patients plays a critical role in their care and well-being. This editorial examines the importance of providing accurate and understandable information to newly diagnosed cancer patients. It analyzes how effective communication of diagnosis, prognosis, treatment options and possible side effects not only empowers patients in decision-making, but also provides them with emotional support. In addition, best practices are explored to adapt communication to the individual needs of patients, considering factors such as emotional state, comorbidities and personal preferences. This summary emphasizes the importance of empathetic and patient-centered communication to improve the quality of care and the experience of the cancer patient.
Myoepithelial Carcinoma arising from a Parotid Pleomorphic Adenoma A Case Report
Authors:   Head of the Department of General Surgery and Head and Neck Surgery, Vicente López Hospital, Argentina, José Luis D’Addino
Published: October 2024

Myoepithelial carcinoma is a rare neoplasm, accounting for less than 2% of all salivary gland carcinomas and can arise de novo or secondary to a previous pleomorphic adenoma, as in the case presented here. The presence of mitoses, foci of necrosis, characteristic histomorphology, and exclusive proliferation of myoepithelial cells identified by immunohistochemistry confirm the diagnosis. The gold standard of therapy is surgical resection with clear margins; however, the risks of local recurrence and distant metastasis are 35% and 22%, respectively. Our case corresponds to a 65-year-old patient who underwent surgery for a pleomorphic adenoma, which recurred after 5 years. She presented to our clinic with a myoepithelial tumor of 2 months’ evolution with involvement of the facial nerve and soft tissues. Due to its rapid growth, this is an unusual presentation.
A Review on Tablet in Tablet for Cancer and Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Authors:   Department of Pharmacy, Panipat Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panipat, Haryana, India, Agarwal Gaurav
Published: October 2024

The tablet is the most commonly utilised dosage form because to its stability and high level of acceptance among patients. The film and sugar coatings have a crucial role in enhancing the aesthetic qualities of the tablet, such as colour, texture, mouth feel, and taste masking. Therefore, the coating is a vital component in the tablet formulation. Film and sugar coatings have several drawbacks, with the most significant being the use of aqueous or organic solvents, which can result in toxicity. In 1896, Noyes proposed the compression coating or Tablet in Tablet technology as a solution to this problem. The literature contains significant research reports and patents inputs that have garnered great attention from researchers in the development of Tablet in Tablet dosage form. Furthermore, our attention was directed on the latest progress in methodologies such as one-step dry-coating (OSDrC®) for the analysis of manufacturing properties. Additionally, we discussed the obstacles encountered in the creation of a Tablet in Tablet dosage form for cancer treatment. The present review compiled data on the most recent patent, use of artificial Intelligence for Tablet in Tablet or compression coating
https://www.onlinescientificresearch.com/articles/relapsed-bacterial-meningitis-in-an-adolescent-patient-with-aberrant-patent-foramen-caecum.pdf
Authors:   Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Kampala, Uganda, James Higenyi , Katamba Achilles ,   Jinja Regional Referral Hospital, Main Laboratory, Ezekiel Mupere ,   Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine College of Health Sciences Makerere University
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Before the COVID-19 pandemic, over 4000 people were dying from TB every day. TB is still a major public health threat globally, but the TB epidemic may be exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The lockdown in response to the pandemic and the events related to it can have an adverse epidemiologic impact on TB treatment outcome through its effect on poverty, and dietary intakes.
Public Satisfaction with Land Acquisition at Komodo Airport, Labuan Bajo, West Manggarai: Case Study
Authors:   Open University Graduate Program, Indonesia, Mau Abel Asa
Published: October 2024

The quality of public services is a variable that affects public satisfaction. Land acquisition for the development of Labuan Bajo Airport seeks to maintain a dynamic relationship between developers and land owners. This research focuses on 5 (five) indicators of public satisfaction with the airport development process, including aspects of tangibles, Reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy. This study used a qualitative observational approach. The data collection method used interviews, surveys, observations and Focus Group Discussions on airport service users. The study results show that five indicators, tangibles, Reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy, have been carried out well in implementing land acquisition for airport development.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Prevention Practice Towards Scabies Among Haramaya University Health and Medical Science Students, Harar, Ethiopia 2022
Authors:   Department of Nursing, College of Health Science, Debark University, Debark, Ethiopia, Abinew Yideg
Published: October 2024

Background: Scabies is a skin disease caused by infestation and sensitization to Sarcoptes scabies mites and is an endemic in tropical and subtropical areas. It is a common skin infestation, endemic in developing countries, usually affecting families and large groups of people living together. Objective: The study was aimed to assess Knowledge, attitude, and prevention practice towards scabies among Haramaya university health and medical science students, Harar, Ethiopia, 2022. Methods: Institutional -based Cross-sectional study was conducted from April 25- May 21, 2022 among 417 randomly selected students. Self-administered questioner was used to collect data. The collected data was entered into SPSS version 22 for analysis. Descriptive and analytic data was used to present the finding. Result: Approximately 62.85% of the students demonstrated a high understanding of scabies, encompassing its transmission, symptoms, and prevention methods. Conversely, 6.1% exhibited poor knowledge. A finding of attitudes towards scabies among students only 36.7% demonstrating good attitude towards the condition. The data provided underscores a significant variation in scabies prevention practices among students with 65.8% exhibiting good practices. Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of continuous education and awareness programs to enhance knowledge and attitudes, which in turn can lead to better practices. It also underscores the need for targeted interventions to address the gaps identified in both knowledge levels and attitudes to foster a more proactive approach to scabies prevention and management. The findings serve as a valuable benchmark for the university and health authorities to develop tailored strategies that can improve health outcomes related to scabies within the community.
Possibilities of Skin Autofluorescence Reflecting the Characteristics of Diabetes Mellitus in Childhood
Authors:   https://www.onlinescientificresearch.com/articles/possibilities-of-skin-autofluorescence-reflecting-the-characteristics-of-diabetes-mellitus-in-childhood.pdf, Viktorovna Proskurina Margarita
Published: October 2024

Objective: To measure skin autofluorescence in children and adolescents suffering from type 1 diabetes mellitus and evaluate its relationship with gender, age, experience and chronic complications of the disease. Materials and Methods: The study group included 47 children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Autofluorescence of the skin from the inner surface of the shoulder and nail of patients was measured using an original compact spectrofluorimeter based on the STS-VIS OCEAN OPTICS © USA microspectrometer with UVA excitation. Statistical analysis was carried out using StatsoftStatistica 12.0 software. The data is presented as a two-dimensional array. The UV LED signal was averaged and smoothed using the moving average method with a 10 nm window. Then the spectra were renormalized taking into account the found coefficients. The result of applying additional normalization is a decrease in the standard deviation. Results and Discussion: Significant differences were revealed in the skin fluorescence spectra of children of different ages. between age groups (5-7) and (8-12) is most significant in the region of the alpha band of oxyhemoglobin (540 nm) (p <0.005). When using I-normalization, the NADH peak region (p < 0.02) is significant with increasing disease duration. When studying the influence of gender factors on the level of skin autofluorescence, the most significant differences are found in the area of only the isosbestic points of deoxy and oxyhemoglobin 442 nm (p<10-7) and 491 nm (p<10-8). Significant differences in skin autofluorescence at the reference length were also obtained waves in the autofluorescence spectrum of 500 nm correspond to p<10-14, depending on the presence of complications. Conclusion: In Russia, as well as throughout the world, there is an increase in the incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus. For early diagnosis of changes in carbohydrate metabolism and complications of the disease, a simple, accessible, non-invasive research method is needed. Taking into account the results of our study, when creating non-invasive methods for monitoring the state of carbohydrate metabolism, it is necessary to take into account gender and age characteristics, experience and the presence of complications of type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Transorbital Penetrating Intracranial Trauma with a Pen. A case Report
Authors:   Department of Neurosurgery, TYUMSMU University, Tyumen, Russia, Castellanos Ana D Caballero
Published: October 2024

Intracranial injury by penetrating foreign bodies through the eye socket is an unusual form of traumatic brain injury. Postoperative complications, such as meningitis, bleeding and brain abscess are some of the most common in these rare cases. In this study, we are reporting a case of a 54-year-old man who stuck a pen in his left eye socket with the aim of committing suicide. The patient arrived via emergency with clinical manifestations of hemiparesis and ophthalmoplegia, CT scan was performed which showed the presence of a foreign body (a writing pen) in the projection of the left orbit, the course of which crosses the apex of the orbit and the basal part of the brain (without displacement of medial structures) penetrating the upper part of the left cerebellar hemisphere. After successful extraction, the patient was in our neuro-intensive care unit for a period of 3 days. The patient was prescribed intravenous administration of broad-spectrum antimicrobials, but 5 days after the injury, developed secondary bacterial meningitis so it was decided to change the antibiotic therapy. After 12 days of admission, the patient presented a noticeable improvement while his relatives asked for discharge at their request and, 3 weeks later the patient is readmitted with symptoms of hydrocephalus. In the control CT, can be seen a marginal lamellar fracture in the apex of the left orbit, accompanied by purulent meningitis and post-traumatic occlusive hydrocephalus.
Enhancing Nuclear Reactor Safety through ICE Digital Systems and Cyber Integration
Authors:   Galaxy Advanced Engineering, Chief Executive Officer, A Consulting Firm, Albuquerque, New Mexico, Zohuri Bahman
Published: October 2024

This article examines the imperative of enhancing nuclear reactor safety through the Integration of Instrumentation, Control, and Electrical) Digital (ICE) Systems and cybersecurity measures. Focused on advancements within Boiling Water Reactors (BWRs), particularly the BWRX-300, the discussion emphasizes the transformative impact of digital technology on safety protocols. ICE Digital Systems contribute to real-time monitoring, predictive maintenance, and remote operation, optimizing reactor performance. Simultaneously, robust cybersecurity measures are integrated to safeguard against potential cyber threats. The article highlights the synergistic effect of ICE Digital Systems and cybersecurity in fortifying the safety framework of nuclear reactors, ensuring a secure, efficient, and sustainable future for nuclear power.
Conducting Operational Modal Analysis on a Suspension Bridge Utilizing a Single Accelerometer: Simulation and Determination of Eigen Frequencies
Authors:   University of Sfax, Tunisia, Hamdi Faouzi
Published: October 2024

This research concentrates on implementing Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) using a simplified sensor arrangement, relying solely on a single accelerometer for data collection.
Impact of Covid-19 on Respiratory and Cardiovascular Status in Covid Recovered Young Adults
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Banarsidas Chandiwala Institute of Physiotherapy, New Delhi, India, Kashyap Neha , Mishra Himanshu ,   BPT Student, Banarsidas Chandiwala Institute of Physiotherapy, New Delhi, India
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Corona viruses are a type of virus that can infect both humans as well as animals. they can impact both the pulmonary and extra-pulmonary systems, resulting in a high fatality rate. The purpose of this review article is to understand the impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular and respiratory function in young adults who have recovered from Covid-19. Methodology: To construct a narrative review on this topic, we examined a number of databases, Google Scholar, Medline, PubMed, Researchgate and search approach was using a combination of the words impact of Covid- 19 on young adults, SARS-CoV-2, cardiovascular status, respiratory status. Discussion: It was found that even while the majority of mild and moderate instances of acute respiratory distress syndrome recover completely, a tiny percentage of severe cases of acute respiratory distress syndrome remain hypoxemic despite obtaining proper care and VO2 max is seen to be reduced in COVID-19 symptomatic patients compared to asymptomatic. There was a high prevalence of multi-organ failure and associated elevated d-dimer, fibrinogen, and delayed thrombin time in severe diseases, and their negative outcomes were linked to co-morbidities such as hypertension, cardiovascular, pulmonary illness and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Conclusion: The long-term effect of Coronavirus on cardiopulmonary function is highly controversial. It is expected that some patients will have subclinical and possibly observable cardiovascular abnormalities. Patients with allegedly recovered cardiac function may still be at risk of CAD, atrial fibrillation or ventricular arrhythmias. Recovered patients with compromised respiratory status are more vulnerable to develop respiratory and cardiac ailments later in life.
Barriers and Facilitators with Accessing Healthcare Services among Children with Disabilities in Ghana: A Systematic Review
Authors:   University of Suffolk, Fordie Ann Sena
Published: October 2024

Background: The primary objective of global health is universal health coverage, yet there are significant barriers preventing children in Ghana from accessing healthcare. The purpose of this systematic review is to identify the obstacles and enablers that children with disabilities in Ghana now face when trying to obtain healthcare and rehabilitation services.
“Comparison of Postoperative Analgesic Effect of Ultrasound Guided Pectoral Vs Erector Spinae Block in Patients Undergoing Modified Radical Mastectomy”: A Randomised Controlled Study
Authors:   Associate professor, Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India, Mahajan Shweta
Published: October 2024

Objectives: Post-operative pain after modified radical mastectomy ranges from moderate to severe. Pectoralis (PECS) block has been found to be more effective than Erector Spinae Pain block in reducing pain and the consumption of analgesia in the post-operative period. This study aimed to compare the effect of ESP and PECS block on the quality of recovery after modified radical mastectomy with different dosage of drugs and different time of giving blocks. Methods: The randomised controlled study was conducted at Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, India, from March 2019 to March 2020. Patients were given blocks according to the computer-generated randomisation 30 minutes before shifting to the operation theatre. Group A received ESP block and group B received modified PEC block. Patient VAS score, NRS score and demand of rescue analgesia with patient satisfaction was recorded for 48hrs post-operatively. Results: A total of 60 patients were included (30 in each group). In the post-operative period, the mean VAS scores were statistically significant at 4, 8 and 24 hours postoperatively between the two groups with significantly lower VAS scores in Group A than in Group B. The total requirement of rescue analgesic was significantly lower in the ESP group than in the PECS group with p value 0.0154(<0.05). The time to first rescue analgesia was significantly higher in the ESP group (11.21±3.14) hours than in the PECS group (6.15±3.52) hours. Conclusion: Both ESP and PECS block were effective in improving the VAS score and in reducing the consumption of rescue analgesia after modified radical mastectomy.
Successful Anaesthetic Management of Triple Valve Surgery (Double Valve Replacement and Tricuspid Valve Ring Repair)- Challenges and Troubleshooting
Authors:   MBBS, DNB Anaesthesia, FIACTA (Fellowship in Cardiac Anaesthesia) Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Fortis Escorts Heart Institute Delhi, India, Mishra Roly
Published: October 2024

Heart valve diseases are extensive and include double (mitral-aortic, mitral-tricuspid), or triple (mitral, aortic, and tricuspid) valvular regurgitation, stenotic or mixed lesions. The surgical correction of valvular lesions usually consists of the repair or replacement of all valves affected by a pathologic process.We present a challenging complex valvular case of a 61 year old hypothyroid female diagnosed with severe mitral stenosis with moderate mitral regurgitation, severe aortic stenosis with mild aortic regurgitation and severe tricuspid regurgitation with high pulmonary artery pressures.She successfully underwent Double valve replacement (Mitral and aortic) and Tricuspid Annuloplasty Ring repair.
Endoscopic Treatment of Neurosurgical Pathologies: Experience and Future Prospects in the Neurosurgery Department at Mohammed 6 University Hospital, Marrakech
Authors:   Neurosurgery Department, Mohammed 6 University Hospital, Marrakech, Morocco, Badr Drai
Published: October 2024

Endoscopy is a new procedure in neurosurgery that uses optical magnification and video-assisted endoscopes to guide the hand to hard-to-reach locations. Despite extensive trials and meta-analyses, no definitive results have been published on its benefits. Neuroendoscopy has expanded beyond ventricular operations to treat various neurosurgical conditions, including cyst fenestration, tumor biopsy, tumor excision, and metastatic disease evaluation. It is beneficial for patients with hydrocephalus, intraventricular cysts, and concurrent hydrocephalus. Intracranial cysts are ideal for neuro-endoscopic therapy, and it can treat cystic craniopharyngiomas, dysontogenic tumors, gliomas, and metastases. Endoscopic tumor biopsy is a reliable technique for ventricle brain tumors. our study treated 480 hydrocephalus patients using endoscopic third ventriculostomy, accounting for 50.5% of cases. The most common cause was Sylvius aqueduct stenosis. Endoscopy was beneficial for treating colloidal cysts, arachnoid cysts, pituitary adenoma, and craniopharyngioma. It also served as a complement to microsurgery in 55 cases. Neuroendoscopy improved sciatic pain in 15 patients who underwent lumbar discectomy, with only minor issues due to the surgical scar. Neuroendoscopic surgery is expected to advance significantly in the future, with advancements in camera and optical technology, surgical instrument design, navigation systems, multiport surgery, and improved microsurgery.
Precision Periodontics- A Review
Authors:   Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Kochi, India, Anil Arathi
Published: October 2024

Periodontal diseases are common inflammatory diseases that affect the gingiva and tooth supporting apparatus. In the early stages treatment of periodontal
disease involves reversibility of gingivitis so that progression to periodontitis is halted. Resolution of inflammation plus the biofilm attached to the tooth
surfaces removed through mechanotherapy, gingival health is restored. However, in the later stage of the disease, periodontitis is irreversible and nonresolving in nature. Therefore, it is generally accepted that etiology of periodontal disease is microbial in nature. Disease progression itself is host mediated.
Various modifiable and non-modifiable risk factor contribute to development of periodontitis.
The Association Between Number of Parity and Incidence of Woman Breast Cancer at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General hospital Jakarta A Cross Sectional Study
Authors:   Departemen Patologi Anatomik, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia– Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta, Indonesia, Zuraidah Endah
Published: October 2024

Background: Breast cancer remains as one of the many types of cancer that is commonly faced in all countries, including Indonesia. To this day, the leading cause of breast cancer has not yet been found but there are evidences of the probability on risk factors. One of the risk factors that may be related to breast cancer is the number of parity. This study analyzes the association between number of parity and incidence of breast cancer in woman at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital Jakarta in 2010 – 2014. Method: The study design is a cross-sectional study with 123 cases which were obtained using random sampling. The data were acquired from the patient’s medical records based on their anatomical pathology examination results and were analyzed using Fisher test. Results: The number of parity have no significant association against to breast cancer statistically in woman at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General HospitalJakarta in 2010 – 2014 (p>0,05). Conclusion: Statistically the number of parity have no significant affect to women breast cancer incidence at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta. Further research is needed regarding risk factors that have significant affect for the incidence of breast cancer. This can be realized by using a case-control study design and combining other risk factors, such as age at first delivery. In addition, further research can also consider the type and stage of breast cancer
The Value of Emotional Intelligence in Midwifery: Enhancing Care and Outcomes for Mothers and Infants through Sustainable Development Goals and Leadership
Authors:   King’s College London, United Kingdom, da Silva Tiago Reis
Published: October 2024

Emotional Intelligence (EI), the ability to recognise, understand, and manage emotions in oneself and others, plays a crucial role in the field of midwifery. This article explores the value of EI in midwifery practice, highlighting its impact on maternal and infant outcomes, professional relationships, and job satisfaction among midwives. Through a comprehensive literature review and case studies, the article demonstrates how high levels of EI contribute to effective communication, empathy, and stress management, leading to improved care experiences for mothers and infants. The discussion includes practical strategies for developing EI skills among midwives and recommendations for integrating EI training into midwifery education and professional development programs. The article also connects the value of EI in midwifery to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), emphasising its importance in achieving gender equality, health, and well-being. Furthermore, the role of leadership in fostering a culture of EI within midwifery practice is examined. The findings underscore the importance of EI as a key competency in midwifery, essential for fostering a supportive and responsive care environment aligned with global development goals.
Radiologists Versus Artificial Intelligence in Distinguishing Between Thyroid Nodules on Ultrasound Images
Authors:   Systems engineering and decision support laboratory, National School of Applied Sciences Agadir, Morocco, Bahmane Karima
Published: October 2024

Introduction: In order to distinguish between benign and malignant thyroid nodules on ultrasound
pictures, we created three convolutional neural network (CNN) models as well as ensemble models. We
then evaluated the diagnostic efficacy of CNN models against that of two radiologists.
Advancements in Alzheimer's Disease Research: Targeting Beta-Amyloid Protein for Disease Management
Authors:   School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Europe, Helou Sama Abu
Published: October 2024

Objective: To provide a comprehensive overview of advancements in Alzheimer’s treatment focusing on therapies targeting beta amyloid plaques and tau protein neurofibrillary tangles.
Strength and Durability Studies on Concrete Utilizing Sewage Sludge Ash and Treated Sewage Water
Authors: Lokesh B K  , Ashwini L K  , S Vijaya
Published: October 2024

The effects of incorporating sewage sludge ash and treated sewage water on the strength and durability of concrete, with the goal of evaluating their viability as sustainable alternatives in construction materials. The sewage sludge ash was used as a replacement material to cement after burning of sewage sludge with high temperature of 800oC. So obtained sewage sludge ash was analysed for chemical, physical and morphological properties. Burning sewage sludge at high temperatures imparts pozzolanic properties to the resulting ash, which, when used as a cement replacement, improves concrete's compressive and tensile strengths. Various SSA replacement levels (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%) were tested, with 15% SSA showing the highest strength gains. SSA affects setting time and workability, but treated sewage water does not significantly impact concrete properties. Concrete with SSA showed superior strength compared to conventional mixes with both fresh and treated water. Durability tests revealed that while SSA concrete experienced minor efflorescence in saltwater, it resisted acid attacks better than conventional concrete, indicating its good durability.
A Decentralized and Self-Adaptive Intrusion Detection Approach Using Continuous Learning and Blockchain Technology
Authors: Aliyu Ahmed Abubakar , Liu Jinshuo , Gilliard Ezekia
Published: October 2024

The landscape of cyber threats is constantly in flux, which can cause traditional intrusion detection systems (IDS) to fall behind the rapid evolution of attacks. This can result in delayed detection and devastating consequences. The proposed system leverages continuous learning and self-adaptive neural networks to transcend the limitations of traditional IDS. It takes a proactive approach by continuously analyzing intrusion logs, using a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) core to identify emerging patterns and refine its understanding of threats in real time. This eliminates the static limitations of traditional models and encourages continuous improvement. The system's neural network is distributed across each block of the blockchain, creating a decentralized 'brain' that develops defenses against advanced adversaries. Secure enclaves are located within Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs), ensuring tamper-proof operation and reliable threat detection. The system's superior performance is demonstrated through rigorous evaluations of established datasets, such as NSL-KDD. The model demonstrates a high level of accuracy of 0.9994 with a minimal false positive rate of 0.06, indicating its ability to differentiate between legitimate network activity and malicious intrusions. Embracing continuous learning and a decentralized architecture creates a dynamic and resilient system that proactively adapts to the ever-changing threat landscape. This approach has several advantages over traditional solutions, including enhanced precision, increased security, and real-time adaptability.
 
Received: 9 July 2024 | Revised: 4 September 2024 | Accepted: 10 October 2024
 
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
Data available on request from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
 
Author Contribution Statement
Ahmed Abubakar Aliyu: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Project administration. Jinshuo Liu: Validation, Resources, Visualization, Supervision, Funding acquisition. Ezekia Gilliard: Software, Formal analysis, Writing - review & editing.
Water Competency and Sensory Processing Among Children on the Autism Spectrum
Authors: Kemp Erika , Nikahd Melica , Ackerman Mackenzie , Howard Mequeil , Darragh Amy , Crasta Jewel
Published: October 2024

Importance: Globally, drowning is the third leading cause of unintentional injury death, and children on the autism spectrum are at a higher risk of drowning. Several factors affect limited water competency (swim skills and water safety) and engagement in swimming as a meaningful leisure activity.

Objective: To identify baseline water competency among children on the autism spectrum, examine caregiver goals for swim skill intervention, and examine factors associated with water competency.

Design: Cross-sectional analysis of baseline assessment from a larger randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Franklin County Board of Developmental Disabilities Therapy Pool.

Participants: Children on the autism spectrum (N = 37; 28 boys, 9 girls), ages 5 to 9 yr, recruited from the local community.

Outcomes and Measures: Water competency was assessed using the Water Orientation Test–Alyn 1 and 2 (WOTA 1 and 2). Caregivers completed the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), the Sensory Profile–2 (SP–2), and a prior aquatic exposure questionnaire.

Results: Children on the autism spectrum showed limited water competency skills on the WOTA 1 and 2. A majority of caregivers identified safety in and around water as a goal for their child, using the COPM. Higher conduct processing and low registration scores on the SP–2 significantly correlated with lower water competency. Exposure to group lessons significantly correlated with better water competency.

Conclusions and Relevance: Children on the autism spectrum demonstrated limited swim and water safety skills, highlighting the need for programs that teach swim and water safety skills in this population.

Plain-Language Summary: This study examined water competency, including swim safety skills, among children on the autism spectrum. The results suggest that these children lacked basic water competency and safety skills. Caregivers of children on the autism spectrum identified water safety in and around bodies of water to be a high-priority goal. A child’s sensory characteristics and prior exposure to water activities affect their water competency. Our results highlight the need for programs that teach swim and water safety skills for children on the autism spectrum.
Blockchain Applications in the Food Industry: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Montenegro Hernandez Juan C.
Published: October 2024

This paper presents the findings from a systematic literature review that explores the applications of blockchain technology within the food industry. The review is based on an analysis of 83 selected publications which have been sourced from ScienceDirect and Web of Science databases. The findings show promising and multifaceted ways of blockchain technology in the supply chain. By enabling secure and traceable data management, blockchain contributes to more safety and reliability of information hereby contributing to auditing functions as well as enabling sustainability-oriented business and reporting practices. The impact of blockchain technology is affecting various stakeholders in the supply chain. For example, consumers benefit from improved access to trustworthy food-related information, which in turn can shape purchasing decisions. Businesses, on the other hand, face the imperative of assessing the potential implications of blockchain technology on their existing strategies. Despite the evident progress and the promise of numerous advantages, it is apparent that blockchain technology in the food industry remains at an early stage of development with much work ahead with respect to academic contributions and practical implications. It is essential to tailor the implementation of blockchain technology to the specific conditions of individual supply chains, particularly regarding different types of food products. This applies equally to the bakery industry, where academic research is still missing so far. Therefore, insights from other sectors within the food industry are informative as to their applicability in the bakery industry as well if they are indirectly applied.
Ungarn möchte bauernzentrierte EU
Authors: Pehl Patrick
Published: October 2024

Am Montagabend präsentierte István Nagy, Ungarns Landwirtschaftsminister, die Prioritäten des ungarischen EU-Ratsvorsitzes vor dem Landwirtschaftsausschuss des Europäischen Parlaments (EP) in Straßburg. Eine „bauernzentrierte EU-Agrarpolitik“ steht im Mittelpunkt, die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit, Krisenfestigkeit und Nachhaltigkeit in den Vordergrund rückt.
Solide mit kleinen Umsatzdellen
Authors: König Inge
Published: October 2024

Allensbach. Die agrarzeitung bietet zum zweiten Mal einen Überblick über die Top-50-Lieferanten der Landwirte. Auf den ersten Blick wird klar: Die Umsätze in der Branche sind leicht gesunken, die Personalausstattung hat sich verbessert.
Artificial Intelligence Approaches for Predicting Diabetes in Egypt
Authors: H. Elsheikh Ayah , A. Ghazi Hossam , Awad Nancy Awadallah
Published: October 2024

One major public health concern in Egypt is the increasing incidence of diabetes mellitus. It is essential to recognize problems early and treat them effectively [1]. This work applies several machine learning methods to predict diabetes risk using a dataset from Egyptian diabetes and endocrinology clinics. Features including age, BMI, medical history, and other health markers are included in the dataset. Using performance criteria such as confusion matrix, F1-score, recall, accuracy, and precision, we assessed various models including K-Neighbors, Gaussian Naive Bayes, Bernoulli Naive Bayes, Extra Trees, SVC, and Logistic Regression. The findings indicate that diabetes can be accurately predicted using machine learning. Logistic Regression, with a cross-validated accuracy of 0.965, test accuracy of 0.957, precision of 0.94, recall of 0.90, and an F1-score of 0.92, proved to be the most effective model for this dataset.
AutoEncoder Convolutional Neural Network for Pneumonia Detection
Authors: Nosa-Omoruyi Michael , U. Oghenekaro Linda
Published: October 2024

This study presents an innovative approach utilising Autoencoder Convolutional Neural Networks (AECNNs) for pneumonia detection in paediatric chest x-rays. The research addresses the complexity of pneumonia, considering diverse causative agents, including bacteria, viruses, and aspiration. Autoencoder Convolutional Neural Networks are employed to enhance anomaly detection by revealing hidden patterns in the data. The evaluation process involves meticulous analysis of the histogram reconstruction error, leading to the establishment of a threshold for anomaly identification. The results demonstrate distinct differences in error magnitudes during testing and training periods, with a threshold providing a tangible criterion for anomaly detection. The study contributes valuable insights into the discriminative capability of Autoencoder Convolutional Neural Networks, with a threshold of 0.0127, in detecting pneumonia in paediatric chest x-rays, emphasising their potential for improving diagnostic precision.