bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ALCOHOL USE AMONG MODERN URBAN ADOLESCENT SCHOOLCHILDREN
Authors:   Federal research institute for Health organization and informatics of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Skvortsova Elena , Babyshkina Ekaterina ,   Ural State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Ekaterinburg, Russia
Published: December 2023

Significance. Alcohol use (alcoholization) is one of the most common health risks that starts to develop in adolescence. The purpose of the study is to identify characteristics of alcohol use among modern urban adolescent schoolchildren. Material and methods. Alcohol use among urban adolescent schoolchildren aged 15-17 years was studied as part of the monitoring of consumption of psychoactive substances (PSA): alcohol, tobacco, narcotic substances in 2019-2020. The sampling of adolescents was guided by the method of multi-stage selection: from typological and random to continuous anonymous questioning. The study covered 12 cities from 6 Federal Districts of the Russian Federation. 14084 teenagers were examined including 6535 (46.4%) boys and 7549 (53.6%) girls. Statistical data processing included calculation of absolute and relative indicators. To calculate the statistical significance of differences in indicators, the nonparametric Pearson test (χ2) was used. Results. On average, the prevalence of alcohol use in adolescents in the surveyed cities equaled to 37.0 per 100 adolescents of the corresponding sex and age (p<0.001) among boys and 49.0 - among girls. Adolescents who frequently drink alcohol (twice a month or more often) are a “risk group”, the share of this group equals to 6.7 in boys and 7.83 in girls per 100 adolescents (p<0.01). The main motives for alcohol use in adolescents are traditional events - holidays and family celebrations - 49.1% of boys and 53.8% of girls. The number of those who first try alcohol under 12 years has decreased with the peak in the debut shifting to 13-16 years. Awareness of adolescents about dangers of alcohol is insufficient. Only about 60% consider alcohol unhealthy. Conclusion. Alcohol use among modern adolescents is characterized by a lower prevalence and a postponed first introduction to alcohol.
METHODOLOGY FOR CERTIFYING MEDICAL SPECIALISTS WITH «HEALTH ORGANIZATION AND PUBLIC HEALTH» QUALIFICATION CATEGORY
Authors:   Russian Research Institute of Health of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Khodakova Olga ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Senotrusova Yulia ,   Russian Research Institute of Health of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2023

Significance. Specifics of the work of medical professionals in some specialties are not accounted for by legally mandated requirements for certified specialists. It is necessary to specify methodology for certifying specialists for each of the approved nomenclature of medical specialties, including “Health Organization and Public Health” in order to improve performance efficiency of attestation commissions. The purpose of the study is to develop methodology for certifying health professionals with "Healthcare organization and public health" qualification category. Material and methods. The methodological basis of the study is presented by regulatory information analysis, and the method of expert assessments. Results. Based on the results of the analysis of normative legal documents and available literature, a methodology was developed to certify health specialists with "Health Organization and Public Health" qualification category. Within the framework of this methodology, the main and additional criteria that are potentially applicable for certifying specialists in health organization and public health were identified, and an evaluation gradation of these criteria was developed. The opinion of 35 specialists with at least a five-year experience in health organization collected through a specially designed questionnaire were analyzed using the expert assessment method. The experts were asked to evaluate the methodology for certifying health specialists for "Health organization and public health" qualification category identifying significance of individual criteria on a rank scale from 1 to 6 and grading their values according to the qualification category. In general, the experts' opinion coincides with the proposed methodology. Based on the results of the expert evaluation, the most significant criteria have been highlighted. Conclusion. The methodology for certifying health specialists with "Health organization and public health" qualification category is based on current normative and legal acts and makes it possible to subjectively certify a specialist with the relevant qualification category. A further opinion evaluation of specialists in health organization is needed to decide on the feasibility of using the developed methodology for certifying medical specialist with “Health Organization and Public Health” qualification category. Scope of application. The study results can be used by certification commissions for attesting medical specialists for "Health organization and public health" qualification category.
SOCIAL INEQUALITY IN THE HEALTH STATUS OF RUSSIANS: THE ROLE OF MATERIAL, PSYCHOSOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL FACTORS
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Kislitsyna Olga
Published: December 2023

Significance. Social inequality in the health status is a major public health challenge. The underlying mechanisms are yet to be well understood. This is especially true for Russia. The purpose of the study is to analyze the association between the social status and self-rated health, as well as to study the contribution of various material, psychosocial and behavioral factors with due regard to their interrelations, to social inequality in the health status in Russia. Material and methods. The study is based on data from the Comprehensive observation of living conditions conducted by the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) in 2018. Social status was measured by the level of education. The direct and indirect contributions of three material, four psychosocial, and two behavioral factors to social differences in self-rated health were studied using logistic regression methods. Results. Given the socio-demographic characteristics, lower levels of education are associated with higher health risks. Out of the three groups of factors, material factors contribute to social inequality the most: the relationship between education and health decreased by 45-48% when material factors were included, with the inclusion of psychosocial factors - by 8-15%, and with behavioral factors included - by 5-13%. Part of the contribution of material factors is associated with psychosocial factors, while the other part - with the behavioral ones. Psychosocial factors contribute to social inequality, in part through behavioral factors. The inclusion of all possible explanatory factors has reduced the association between education and health by 52-62%. The sequential inclusion of individual factors made it possible to establish that such factors as employment, income level, impossibility of meeting with relatives and friends, and alcohol consumption make the main contribution to the explanation of the relationship between health and education. Conclusions. The results highlight the need to address material problems first, especially low incomes and unemployment, which can significantly reduce social inequity in the health status.
Local Pastry Production: Empowering Economic Growth through Pia Cake Industry
Authors: Yusuf Lisa Aprilia , Agustina Isna Fitria
Published: December 2023

This qualitative descriptive study investigates economic empowerment in Kampung Pia, located in Kejapanan Village, through the lens of pastry sales, particularly the renowned pia cake. Employing purposive sampling, data collection methods include interviews, observations, documentation, and literature review. The Miles and Huberman data analysis approach, comprising data collection, reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing, was utilized. The research reveals a concentrated workforce exclusively involved in pia cake production. This study contributes valuable insights into the localized economic impact of specialty pastry production, providing a basis for further research and potential development strategies for similar communities worldwide.
Highlights:

Localized Economic Impact: The study sheds light on the focused economic contributions of a specialized local industry, emphasizing the significance of micro-enterprises in community development.

Purposive Sampling Method: Employing a purposive sampling technique, the research ensures targeted participant selection, providing depth and relevance to the qualitative analysis of economic empowerment.

Global Relevance of Pastry Production: Insights from this study extend beyond Kejapanan Village, offering a basis for understanding and developing localized pastry industries worldwide, fostering global perspectives on community economic empowerment.

Keywords: Economic Empowerment, Pia Cake Industry, Localized Entrepreneurship, Qualitative Research, Community Development.
Caracterización del bienestar en hogares mexicanos de niñas y niños con diarrea, Ensanut Continua 2022
Authors: Delgado-Sánchez Guadalupe , Mongua-Rodríguez Norma , Ferreyra-Reyes Leticia , Ferreira-Guerrero Edith Elizabeth , Martínez-Hernández Maribel , Téllez-Vázquez Norma Araceli , Canizales-Quintero Sergio , Cruz-Salgado Arturo , García-García Lourdes
Published: December 2023

Objetivo. Analizar el nivel de bienestar en los hogares mexicanos de niñas y niños menores de cinco años que presentaron enfermedad diarreica aguda (EDA) en las últimas dos semanas en México, según la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición Continua 2022 (Ensanut Continua 2022). Material y métodos. La encuesta se realizó entre julio y diciembre de 2022. Variable dependiente: ocurrencia de EDA. Variable independiente: nivel de bienestar de los hogares. Se realizó análisis bivariado y regresiones logísticas crudas y ajustadas. Resultados. Se estima que 9.4% de los menores de cinco años presentaron EDA, de quienes 76.4% (IC95%: 69.0,82.5) pertenecía a hogares con nivel de bienestar bajo-medio. La EDA fue más frecuente en los niños y niñas de un año de edad (razón de momios ajustada [RMa] 3.00; IC95%: 1.76,5.11), en comparación con quienes tenían menor edad y en los hogares donde el agua para beber no es tratada (RMa 2.13; IC95%: 1.11,4.08). Conclusiones. Se requiere fortalecer las medidas sanitarias preventivas de EDA en niñas y niños de un año de edad, principalmente implementar acciones para asegurar la disponibilidad de agua potable o el tratamiento adecuado para beberla, y planear, ejecutar y evaluar acciones de política pública integrales y multisectoriales para coadyuvar en garantizar el derecho humano a la salud durante la niñez.
Cambios en el consumo de frutas, verduras y leguminosas en población mexicana menor de 20 años, Ensanut 2012 a 2022
Authors: Valenzuela-Bravo Danae Gabriela , Gaona-Pineda Elsa Berenice , Arango-Angarita Andrea , Medina-Zacarías María Concepción , Rodríguez-Ramírez Sonia , Martinez-Tapia Brenda , Shamah-Levy Teresa
Published: December 2023

Objetivo. Estimar cambios en el consumo de frutas, verduras y leguminosas y su cumplimiento según recomendaciones internacionales en población menor de 20 años de México. Material y métodos. En 31 083 menores de 20 años con información de frecuencia de consumo de alimentos de las Encuestas Nacionales de Salud y Nutrición 2012, 2016, 2018 y 2020-2022, se estimó el cambio en el consumo de frutas, verduras y leguminosas ajustados mediante modelos de regresión cuantílica y la probabilidad de cumplimiento de las recomendaciones de ingesta de EAT-Lancet y la Organización Mundial de la Salud mediante modelos de regresión logit. Resultados. Entre 2012 y 2020-2022 se observó un incremento en la mediana de consumo de 15% en frutas y 23.5% en verduras. La probabilidad de cumplimiento de recomendaciones de EAT-Lancet fue de 42.6% para frutas y 13.6% para verduras en 2020-2022. El consumo de leguminosas disminuyó 17.4% en 10 años. Conclusión. La población mexicana menor de 20 años se encuentra muy lejos de alcanzar las recomendaciones de consumo para la salud planetaria, a pesar de los incrementos modestos en el consumo de frutas y verduras. Se debe poner especial atención en el consumo de leguminosas por su disminución alarmante en estos grupos de edad. Es esencial realizar más investigación en este tema.
Factores asociados con el cumplimiento de los comportamientos del movimiento en adultos mexicanos: Ensanut 2022
Authors: Medina Catalina , Jáuregui Alejandra , Hernández César , González Citlali , Blas Nabetse , Campos Ismael , Barquera Simón
Published: December 2023

Objetivo. Examinar las características sociodemográficas e indicadores de salud asociados con el cumplimiento de las recomendaciones de los comportamientos del movimiento en adultos mexicanos. Material y métodos. Estudio transversal que utilizó datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición (Ensanut) 2022. Se obtuvo información de actividad física (AF), sedentarismo y sueño, características sociodemográficas e indicadores de salud en adultos de 20-78 años. Para el análisis se utilizaron regresiones logísticas y lineales ajustadas y no por covariables. Resultados. Los adultos que viven en áreas urbanas tuvieron mayor posibilidad de no cumplir las recomendaciones de actividad física, sedentarismo, sueño y los comportamientos del movimiento (CM) en conjunto. No cumplir las recomendaciones de los tres CM se asoció con mayores niveles de glucosa, colesterol y tensión arterial elevada. Conclusión. La asociación de los CM con indicadores de salud muestra la importancia de identificar estrategias para promover estos comportamientos en la población mexicana.
Alien toxic toads suppress individual growth and phenotypic development of native predatory salamanders
Authors: Inoue Yoshihiro , Okamiya Hisanori , Aota Takayuki , Crossland Michael R. , Kishida Osamu
Published: December 2023

Alien species can influence populations of native species through individual-level effects such as predation, competition, and poisoning. For alien species that possess strong defensive chemicals, poisoning is one of the most powerful mechanisms of individual-level effects on native biota. Although toxic alien species could potentially negatively affect survival (lethal effects) or life history traits (sublethal effects) of native predators via poisoning, previous studies have mainly focused on acute lethal effects. Thus, delayed effects on predator life history traits have been largely overlooked. To fill this knowledge gap, we conducted laboratory and field experiments to investigate whether toxic alien prey (hatchlings and tadpoles of an invasive toad, Bufo japonicus formosus) affect survival and/or growth and development of a native predatory salamander (larvae of Hynobius retardatus) on Hokkaido, Japan. The laboratory experiment revealed that consumption of a single toad hatchling exerted no lethal effects on salamanders, but suppressed both salamander growth and development of an ecological phenotype (broad gape) normally induced by environmental conditions. Furthermore, the field experiment in a natural pond showed that the presence of toad hatchlings and tadpoles resulted in reduced salamander growth (smaller body size) and lower survival of salamanders in the later larval period. The results of the laboratory and field experiments are complementary evidence of the life history impacts of the toxic alien toad on native salamanders. Thus, poisoning effects of toxic alien species can affect the life history of native predators even if they do not exert the acute lethality.
Opposed Mood Dynamics of Depression and Anxiety are related to Reward Prediction Error
Authors: Xu Pengfei , Wang Zhihao , Wang Ting , Nan Tian , Xu Jiahua , Aleman André , Luo Yuejia , Blain Bastien , Liu Yunzhe
Published: December 2023

Mood fluctuations, central to human experience, are profoundly influenced by reward prediction error (RPE). Although depression and anxiety are traditionally understood to exhibit contrasting mood fluctuations, their interrelated nature has made it challenging to pinpoint their specific roles in RPE-induced mood variations. In this study, we employed a computational model of momentary mood using a gambling task, involving 2,011 participants. These participants also completed a series of questionnaires, allowing us to differentiate the influences of anxiety- and depression-specific traits through bifactor modelling. Across five experiments, we found that depression was associated with dampened mood fluctuations due to mood hyposensitivity to RPE. In contrast, anxiety correlated with heightened mood fluctuations stemming from mood hypersensitivity to RPE. Notably, when participants were given explicit RPE information, the suppressive impact of depression on mood sensitivity was mitigated, leading to mood improvement. Furthermore, we verified that adjusting mood sensitivity to RPE is beneficial for patients with mood disorders. Collectively, our results present a novel, non-pharmacological, and easy-to-use online intervention for depression.
EU’s Medical Device Expert Panels: Analysis of Membership and Published Clinical Evaluation Consultation Procedure (CECP) Results
Authors: Watson Colleen , Richmond Frances J
Published: December 2023

Background
The new EU Medical Device Regulation (MDR) places greater importance on the role of clinical evidence to establish safety and performance. Article 54 of the MDR calls for expert committees to independently review the scientific, technical, and clinical evidence supporting the market authorization of certain novel devices independently from the established process of Notified Body reviews. Four expert committees (General and Plastic Surgery and Dentistry; Orthopaedics, Traumatology, Rehabilitation, Rheumatology; Circulatory System; and Neurology) have published at least one Scientific Opinion (SO) under the Clinical Evaluation Consultation Procedure (CECP) in 2021-2022.
Methods
The four expert committees with published CECP opinions were reviewed to assess the academic backgrounds and professional expertise of each member with respect to clinical, technical, and biological domains on a 0-2 scale for each domain. A content review was conducted on the 10 CECP opinions published by these committees to assess their consistency with the goals and outcome expectations set by the MDR. The extent of content related to each of the clinical, technical, and biological domains was also assessed on a 0-2 scale.
Results
All committees were composed primarily by members with strong clinical expertise, but only a few had strong technical and biological expertise. Across committees, the averaged scores of members related to academic background and professional expertise both ranged from 1.64-2.00 in the clinical domain, but only 0-0.15 and 0.15-0.69 respectively in the biological domain, and 0.12-0.55 and 0.23-0.73 respectively in the technical domain.
A content review for the 10 SOs showed that all opinions focussed exclusively or primarily on the clinical evidence. Three contained a modest amount of additional text directed at technical/engineering issues and five at biological issues.
Conclusions
Expert committees are composed predominantly of expert clinical reviewers but have many fewer members with significant technical or biological expertise. This may limit the ability of the committees to evaluate the significant technical and biological risks that are often best understood by preclinical testing. Broadening the expertise across the committees may improve the depth of their benefit/risk critiques.
Effectiveness of a new generation CEW in human subjects with a goal directed task
Authors: Kunz Sebastian Niko , Ho Jeffrey. D. , Dawes Donald. M. , Knack Sarah K.
Published: December 2023

Conducted Electrical Weapons (CEWs) have been used by law enforcement agencies worldwide to control and restrain potentially violent persons. As new generations of these weapons are developed, effectiveness and safety need to be evaluated. The new TASER 10 uses an independently targeted probe scheme with floating polarities so that any two probes can form a connection. This is in contrast to older generation weapons, which used paired probes with fixed take-off angles. The expectation is with 10 shots and independent targeting, the weapon will have a greater effectiveness. In this pilot study, we used our previously published, standardized methodology for measurement of CEW effectiveness on motivated human volunteers for several objectives: 1) to directly compare the effectiveness of the waveform on human subjects to an older generation weapon (the TASER 7), 2) to more broadly compare it to historic controls and 3) to look at various configurations to determine effectiveness of these configurations. The task at hand was to reach a suspended martial arts dummy 12 ft (3.65 m) away while being exposed (under power) to the electrical waveform of the TASER devices in various dart configurations. Several intervention groups were examined. We used video review with our standard methodology to rate goal achievement and limb capture. The results demonstrate that the TASER 10 has similar ability to induce neuromuscular incapacitation as the TASER 7. Additionally, the ability of the TASER 10 to place multiple darts on a specific target area to create the desired probe spread is a technological advantage over previous models, making it potentially more effective in the field.
TAB182 Regulates Glycolytic Metabolism by Controlling LDHA Transcription to Impact Tumor Radiosensitivity
Authors: zhou pingkun , Chen Shi , Xie Dafei , Li Saiyu , Luo Jinghua , Han Yang , Guo Hejiang , Gao Shuaining , Huang Xin , Guan Hua , Huang Ruixue
Published: December 2023

Background
Metabolic reprogramming is a significant characteristic of cancer cells, and closely associated with the resistance of tumors to radiotherapy. Metabolic change involves multiple pathways, with much yet to be understood. This study aims to identify key factors influencing tumor metabolism, potentially aiding in combating radiation resistance in cancer therapy.
Method
Proteomic analysis elucidated the role of TAB182 in cellular processes. Glycolysis-related markers (lactate, pyruvate, and ATP) were measured using specific assays. Metabolic-related mRNA and protein expression was evaluated using qPCR and Western blotting experiments. Transcriptional activity was quantified with dual-luciferase reporter assays, and tumor cell radiation sensitivity was determined through clonogenic assays and nude mouse xenograft models.
Results
Ionizing radiation (IR) significantly increases TAB182 expression, and knocking down TAB182 enhances cancer cells' sensitivity to IR. Proteomic analysis indicated that TAB182 influences several vital biological processes, including multiple metabolic pathways. Knockdown of TAB182 results in decreased lactate production and increased pyruvate and ATP levels in cancer cells. Additionally, knocking down TAB182 reverses radiation-induced metabolic changes, such as radioresistant-related lactate production. Further investigation reveals TAB182's necessity for activating LDHA transcription, with its knockdown attenuating the upregulation of LDHA by IR, subsequently suppressing lactate production. Subsequent studies reveal that TAB182 controls LDHA expression by affecting transcription factors SP1 and c-MYC. Targeted suppression of TAB182 significantly enhances the sensitivity of murine xenograft tumors to radiotherapy.
Conclusion
The study unveils a novel role of TAB182 in glucose metabolism by controlling LDHA transcription, potentially affecting IR-induced metabolic reprogramming in tumor cells during radiotherapy. Targeting TAB182 may offer significant implications for developing therapeutic strategies in tumor radiosensitization.
Dual-channel Mechano-phosphorescence: A Combined Locking Effect with Twisted Molecular Structures and Robust Interactions
Authors: Yu Tao , Xie Zongliang , Mao Zhu , Wang Hailan , Xiao Yuxin , Zhang Xiayu , An Zhongfu , Huang Wei
Published: December 2023

Organic mechanoluminescence materials, featuring dual emission and ultralong phosphorescence characteristics, exhibit significant potential for applications in real-time stress sensing, pressure-sensitive lighting, advanced security marking techniques, and material breakage monitoring. However, due to immature molecular design strategies and unclear luminescence mechanisms, these materials remain rarely reported. In this study, we propose a precise molecular design strategy to achieve dual-channel mechano-phosphorescence. By introducing the arylphosphine oxide group into a highly twisted molecular framework, enhanced intra- and intermolecular interactions could be achieved within rigid structures, leading to dual-channel mechanoluminescence with greatly promoted ultralong phosphorescence. Further investigations reveal the substantial boosting effect of intra- and intermolecular interactions on mechanoluminescence and ultralong phosphorescence properties by locking the highly twisted molecular skeleton. This work provides a concise and guiding route to develop novel smart responsive luminescence materials for widespread applications in material science.
Optimization of barrel temperature and feed moisture content on physio-chemical and sensory properties of extruded snacks from finger millet, sweet potato, and soybean composite flour
Authors: Mohammed Ibrahim , Forsido Sirawdink Fikreyesus , Kuyu Chala G.
Published: December 2023

Extruded snacks are commonly made with cereals with good expansion properties but low nutritional value. This study aimed to develop a nutrient-rich optimized extruded snack by incorporating orange-fleshed sweet potato, finger millet, and soybean flour. The extrusion processing conditions were optimized using a response surface method with a range of barrel temperature (90–130°C) and (20–26%) feed moisture content. Thirteen treatment combinations were generated for this experiment using response surface methods and face-centered central composite design. Standard methods were used to evaluate the effect of barrel temperature and feed moisture content on extruded snacks' nutritional, anti-nutritional, physical, functional, and sensory acceptability. The data were analyzed using Design Expert software version 13. Multiple regression analysis showed significant effects of the independent variables on moisture, protein, fat, beta-carotene, bulk density, hardness, expansion ratio, WAI, WSI, and overall acceptability of the extrudates. The optimum response of 14.06% protein, 3.26% ash, 69.12% carbohydrate, 6.477mg/100g beta-carotene, 0.36g/ml BD, 2.72mm/mm ER, 87.28N hardness, 4.34g/g WAI, 22.34% WSI, and overall acceptability of 3.30 was achieved at a barrel temperature of 114.5°C and feed moisture content of 20%. The extrusion processing conditions significantly impacted the resulting extrudates' nutritional value and other properties. These findings suggest that optimizing the extrusion processing conditions can lead to developing extruded snacks with desirable nutritional, physical, functional, and sensory properties.
Genome Characteristics and ODVs Proteome of a Second Distinct Alphabaculovirus from Spodoptera litura
Authors: Gao Weisong , Liu Xingjian , Gao Xintao , Wu Tong , Wei Shuang , Zhang Zhifang , Zhang Huan , Li Yinü
Published: December 2023

Background
Spodoptera litura is a harmful pest that feeds on over 80 species of plants, which can be infected and killed by Spodoptera lituranucleopolyhedrovirus (SpltNPV). SpltNPV-C3 is a clone from type C SpltNPV, observed and collected in Japan. Compared with type A or type B SpltNPV, SpltNPV-C3 can cause rapid mortality of S. litura larvae.
Methods
In this research, occlusion bodies (OBs) and occlusion-derived viruses (ODVs) of SpltNPV-C3 were purified, and OBs were observed under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). ODVs were observed under a transmission electron microscope (TEM).
Results
Both of OBs and ODVs show typical nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV) morphological characteristics.The genome of SpltNPV-C3 was sequenced and analyzed, and the total length was 148,634 bp (GenBank accession:780426 which was submitted as SpltNPV-Ⅱ) with a G+C content of 45%. A total of 149 ORFs were determined to encode ORFs. Based on the core genes of baculovirus, a phylogenetic tree of 90 baculoviruses was constructed. LC‒MS/MS was used to analyze the proteins of SpltNPV-C3; 34 proteins were found in the purified ODVs, 15 of which were core proteins. The complexes of Per osinfectivity factors 1, 2, 3 and 4 (PIF-1, 2, 3 and 4) were predicted with the help of the AlphaFold multimer and predicted conserved sequences in PIF-3. SpltNPV-C3 is a valuable species because of its virulence, and this research will be beneficial for pest control by analyzing the genome and proteins of SpltNPV-C3.
Evaluation of green technology innovation efficiency in provinces along the Chinese “Belt and Road”
Authors: Zhou Yulan , Zhang Zhao , Zhang Haixia , Yu Xiaozhong
Published: December 2023

Green technology innovation is the fundamental guarantee to achieve the dual-carbon goal and an important driving force for the sustainable economic development of provinces along the "Belt and Road". Based on the data of 17 provinces along the Belt and Road from 2011 to 2020, this paper uses the super-efficiency SBM model and Malmquist index to measure and evaluate the efficiency of green technology innovation. The results show that from 2011 to 2020, the efficiency of green technology innovation in the provinces along the "Belt and Road" shows a fluctuating upward trend as a whole, and there are large differences among regions. Spatially, it shows the characteristics of "high east, low west" and "high south, low north". There are obvious development differences and differences between the southeast region and other regions. The average value of Malmquist index in provinces along the Belt and Road is greater than 1. The overall development situation is good. Malmquist index is mainly affected by pure technical efficiency and technological progress. Finally, suggestions for regional development and improvement of green technology innovation efficiency are put forward.
Distinguishing the role of positivity bias, cognitive impairment and emotional reactivity in the deontological preference in multiple sclerosis during moral dilemmas: a social cognition study protocol
Authors: Zikos Laurent , Degraeve Béatrice , Pinti Antonio , Poupart Julien , Norberciak Laurène , Kwiatkowski Arnaud , Donze Cécile , Lenne Bruno
Published: December 2023

Background
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system characterized by a broad and unpredictable range of symptoms, including cognitive and sociocognitive dysfunction. Among these social-cognitive functions, moral judgment has been explored in persons with MS (PwMS) using moral dilemmas, where participants must decide whether to sacrifice one person to save a greater number. Opting for such a sacrifice reflects utilitarian reasoning (sacrificing one for the benefit of many is deemed acceptable), while refusing reflects deontological reasoning (such sacrifice is considered morally wrong). Compared to controls, PwMS have been shown to make greater deontological moral choices in such dilemmas.
Objectives
While PwMS have demonstrated a higher tendency for deontological moral choices in moral dilemmas compared to controls, the underlying determinants of this reasoning pattern remain unclear. In this project, we aim to investigate cognitive, emotional, and motivational factors that may explain deontological decision-making in MS.
Methods and analysis
We will recruit a sample of 45 PwMS and 45 controls aged 18–55 years. The type of response, deontological or utilitarian, to a series of 20 vignettes of moral dilemmas will constitute the primary outcomes. Global cognitive performance, temporal perception and emotional reactivity measured by electrodermal activity (EDA) during moral dilemmas will be secondary outcomes.
Ethics and dissemination:
Ethics approval was granted by a national ethical committee (CPP Ouest III, national number 2023-A00447-38). The project is sponsored by the ARSEP Foundation. Findings will be presented at national and international conferences, as well as published in peer-reviewed scientific journals.
Network Analysis Uncovers Gene-Regulatory Intersections Linking Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis to Blood Cancers and Other Autoimmune Diseases
Authors: Pudjihartono N. , Ho D. , O'Sullivan J. M.
Published: December 2023

Background
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is an inflammatory joint disease characterized by a complex genetic etiology. As JIA progresses, patients commonly develop additional comorbid conditions, including other autoimmune diseases and cancers. However, the specific gene-regulatory mechanism linking these conditions remains unknown. This study aims to elucidate the underlying gene-regulatory mechanisms that link JIA to its associated comorbidities.
Methods
A two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis was conducted to identify blood-expressed genes causally linked to JIA. Integration of data from expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL), 3 dimensional (3D) genome organization, and protein-protein interaction network was performed to pinpoint sets of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (i.e., spatial eQTL SNPs) regulating the expression of these genes and their interaction partners. These SNPs were then cross-referenced against a public GWAS database to identify other traits that have been previously associated with these SNPs.
Results
MR analysis identified 54 blood-expressed genes causally linked to JIA. The spatial eQTLs regulating JIA causal genes and their interaction partners were enriched for the GWAS SNPs of 87 comorbid traits. Shared dysregulation of three HLA class II genes (HLA-DQB2, HLA-DRB1, and HLA-DQA2) underpins the association between JIA and most comorbid traits. We highlighted a set of genes on chromosome 6p22.1 (HLA-A, HCG4P5, HLA-T, MOG, TRIM26, HCG, IFITM4P) involved in the association between JIA and specific autoimmune diseases, such as Crohn’s disease, type 1 diabetes, asthma, and rheumatoid arthritis. Unique associations between JIA and Hodgkin lymphoma was identified through genes in 6p21.3 (FKBPL, PBX2, AGER) and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia through the BAK1 gene. Notably, genes like PBX2 and BAK1 have been implicated in the regulation of cell cycle and apoptosis.
Conclusions
The JIA phenotype is partially determined by an individual's genetic susceptibility to specific co-occurring conditions. Our research enhances the understanding of disease origins by identifying regulatory mechanisms linking JIA with its comorbidities. This offers avenues for pinpointing shared therapeutic targets, thereby improving outcomes for patients with multimorbidity.
Further evidence supporting the role of GTDC1 in glycine metabolism and neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Bonaglia Maria , Errichiello Edoardo , Lecca Mauro , Vantaggiato Chiara , Motta Zoaraide , Zanotta Nicoletta , Zucca Claudio , Bertuzzo Sara , Piubelli Luciano , Pollegioni Loredano
Published: December 2023

Copy number variants (CNVs) represent the genetic cause of about 15–20% of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). We identified a ~ 67 kb de novo intragenic deletion on chromosome 2q22.3 in a female individual showing a developmental encephalopathy characterized by epilepsy, severe intellectual disability, speech delay, microcephaly, and thin corpus callosum with facial dysmorphisms. The microdeletion involved exons 5–6 of GTDC1, encoding a putative glycosyltransferase, whose expression is particularly enriched in the nervous system. In a previous study, a balanced de novo translocation encompassing GTDC1 was reported in a male child with global developmental delay and delayed speech and language development. Based on these premises, we explored the transcriptomic profile of our proband to evaluate the functional consequences of the novel GTDC1 de novo intragenic deletion in relation to the observed neurodevelopmental phenotype. RNA-seq on the proband’s lymphoblastoid cell line (LCL) showed expression changes of glycine/serine and cytokine/chemokine signalling pathways, which are related to neurodevelopment and epileptogenesis. Subsequent analysis by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography) revealed increased levels of glycine in the proband’s LCL and serum compared to matched controls. Given that an increased level of glycine has been observed in the plasma samples of individuals with Rett syndrome, a condition sharing epilepsy, microcephaly, and intellectual disability with our proband, we proposed that the GTDC1 downregulation is implicated in neurodevelopmental impairment by altering glycine metabolism. Furthermore, our findings expanded the phenotypic spectrum of the novel GTDC1-related condition, including microcephaly and epilepsy among relevant clinical features.
Synthetic polyploidization induces enhanced phytochemical profile and biological activities in Thymus vulgaris L. essential oil
Authors: Gupta Neha , Dutta Adrish , Bhattacharya Soham , Tauchen Jan , Landa Přemysl , Urbanová Klára , Fernández-Cusimamani Eloy , Leuner Olga
Published: December 2023

Essential oil from Thymus vulgaris L. has valuable therapeutic potential that is highly desired in pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries. Considering these advantages and the rising market demand, induced polyploids were obtained using oryzalin to enhance essential oil yield. However, their therapeutic values were unexplored. So, this study aims to assess the phytochemical content, and antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities of tetraploid and diploid thyme essential oils. Induced tetraploids had 41.11% higher essential oil yield with enhanced thymol and γ-terpinene content than diploid. Tetraploids exhibited higher antibacterial activity against all tested microorganisms. Similarly, in DPPH radical scavenging assay tetraploid essential oil was more potent with half-maximal inhibitory doses (IC50) of 180.03 µg/mL (40.05 µg TE/mg) than diploid with IC50 > 512 µg/mL (12.68µg TE/mg). Tetraploids exhibited more effective inhibition of in vitro catalytic activity of pro-inflammatory enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) than diploids at 50 µg/mL concentration. Furthermore, molecular docking revealed higher binding affinity of thymol and γ-terpinene towards tested protein receptors, which explained enhanced bioactivity of tetraploid essential oil. In conclusion, these results suggest that synthetic polyploidization using oryzalin could effectively enhance the quality and quantity of secondary metabolites and can develop more efficient essential oil-based commercial products using this induced genotype.
Effects of type 2 diabetes on mortality and immunity responses in sepsis patients: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Du Qingxia , Yin Xuelian , Li Jiebin , Zhao Hong , Cao Qiumei , Zhang Jing
Published: December 2023

Aim： The study aimed to investigate the association between comorbid Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and sepsis outcomes with new evidence and compare the immunity responsesof sepsis patients with T2DMand non-diabetics.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective data collection from consecutive patients diagnosed with sepsis. Utilizing propensity score matching (PSM), we matched T2DM patients with non-diabetics. We subsequently performed a comparative analysis of immune markers and primary clinical outcomes. Additionally, we examined the correlation between HbA1c levels and immunity parameters.
Results: Following the PSM, sepsis patients with comorbid T2DM exhibited a reduced risk of 28-day (odds ratio (OR): 0.62; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.41-0.94; P=0.031) and 90-day (OR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.45-0.89; P=0.010) in-hospital mortality. Notably, T2DM patients showed elevated levels of lymphocytes and C4, while their IGM and IGG levels were lower than non-diabetics. Furthermore, a positive correlation was found between C4 (r =0.161, p = 0.016) and HbA1c, whereas IGM (r =-0.194, p = 0.001) and IGG (r =-0.221, p = 0.003) exhibited a negative association with HbA1c. These findings suggest that HbA1c partially influences the plasma IGM and IGG levels.
Conclusions: T2DM is associated with a reduced risk of mortality in sepsis. Patients with T2DM exhibit enhanced levels of lymphocytes and C4 but reduced levels of IGG and IGM compared to non-diabetics. Additionally, IGM and IGG levels in sepsis patients with T2DM are partially influenced by HbA1c levels.
Atrostelia — a new genus in Megasporaceae (Pertusariales, lichenized Ascomycota)
Authors: Paukov Alexander G. , Davydov Evgeny A. , Yakovchenko Lidia , Ren Qiang , Sohrabi Mohammad
Published: December 2023

Phylogenetic analysis based on nc ITS, nc LSU, and mt SSU ribosomal DNA fragments revealed a new genus in Megasporaceae described here as Atrostelia Paukov, Davydov & Yakovchenko. Phylogenetically, it is close to Aspiciliella but differs in radiate-placodioid dark-brown thalli, large, 23–36 µm spores, and substictic acid as a secondary metabolite. The genus is represented by a single species, Atrostelia magnifica Paukov, Davydov & Yakovchenko, which is endemic to the Mongun Taiga massif, Republic of Tyva, Russia. The phylogenetic reconstruction proved 9 genera in Megasporaceae: Aspicilia, Aspiciliella, Atrostelia, Circinaria, Lobothallia, Megaspora, Oxneriaria, Sagedia and Teuvoa, while Agrestia, Chlorangium and Sphaerothallia were synonymous with Circinaria.
Gut microbiota profile in CDKL5 deficiency disorder patients as a potential marker of clinical severity
Authors: Borghi Elisa , Xynomilakis Ornella , Ottaviano Emerenziana , Ceccarani Camilla , Viganò Ilaria , Tognini Paola , Vignoli Aglaia
Published: December 2023

CDKL5 deficiency disorder (CDD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by global developmental delay, early-onset seizures, intellectual disability, visual and motor impairments. Unlike Rett Syndrome (RTT), CDD lacks a clear regression period. CDD patients frequently encounter gastrointestinal (GI) disturbances and exhibit signs of subclinical immune dysregulation. However, the underlying causes of these conditions remain elusive. Emerging studies indicate a potential connection between neurological disorders and gut microbiota, an area completely unexplored in CDD. We conducted a pioneering study, analyzing fecal microbiota composition in CDD patients and their healthy relatives. Notably, differences in intestinal bacterial diversity and composition were identified in CDD patients. We further investigated microbiota changes based on the severity of GI issues, seizure frequency, sleep disorders, food intake type, impairment in neuro-behavioral features (assessed through the RTT Behaviour Questionnaire - RSBQ), and ambulation capacity. Our findings hint at a potential connection between CDD, microbiota, and symptom severity. This study marks the first exploration of the gut-microbiota-brain axis in CDD patients. It adds to the growing body of research emphasizing the role of the gut microbiota in neurodevelopmental disorders and opens doors to potential interventions that target intestinal microbes with the aim of improving the lives of CDD patients.
Low-hazardous-multi-functional textile through one-step nano-assisted processing
Authors: Shahin Seyed Mohammad Taher , Montazer Majid , Rad Mahnaz Mahmoudi
Published: December 2023

Textile processing with low hazardous chemicals in one step through a nano-assisted technique for multi-functional purposes is an important task. Here, the toxic carrier was replaced with zinc acetate in dyeing to modify the polyester fabric through the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs). Whereas polyester after conventional dyeing was followed by other required finishing to achieve functional properties. Disperse blue 19 and zinc acetate were used on different pre-treated fabrics at 130°C for 1 h in diverse alkaline media. The dyeing effluent showed almost no remaining dye providing a clean route for the simultaneous nano-assisted processing. This eco-friendly, time- and energy-saving technique exhibited an even distribution of ZnO-NPs on the fabric with reasonable dye adsorption. NaOH, as an alkaline, caused the smallest ZnO-NPs with the highest evenness. However, applying air plasma as a clean activation route on the fabric alongside alkali processing produced a higher color strength with the lowest cytotoxicity. Furthermore, the mechanical, physical, and chemical properties of polyester fabrics improved as noticeable achievements. Besides, excellent fastness obtained on all dyed and ZnO-NPs synthesized samples indicated the successful attachment of dye and nanoparticles on the fabric. In addition, the efficient product showed antibacterial features against S. aureus. Lastly, better stability in alkali media specified for the dyed fabric included synthesized ZnO-NPs which led to an industrially advanced multi-functional product.
HPV16-miRNAs Exert Oncogenic Effects through Enhancers in Human Cervical Cancer
Authors: Wang Yunuan , Wang Xueying , Liu Yiting , He Yuxin , Duan Xiaoling , Li Qinmei , Huang Yanchun , Xu Guoxiong , Lu Qi
Published: December 2023

Background
Cervical cancer is a human papillomavirus (HPV)-related disease. HPV type 16 (HPV16), which is the predominant cause of cervical cancer, can encode miRNAs (HPV16-miRNAs). However, the role of HPV16-miRNAs in the pathogenesis of cervical cancer remains unclear.
Methods
Human cervical cancer cell lines SIHA (HPV16-positive) and C33A (HPV-negative), and cervical cancer tissues were collected to investigate the expression level of two HPV16-miRNAs (HPV16-miR-H1 and HPV16-miR-H6). The overexpression and knockdown of HPV16-miR-H1 and HPV16-miR-H6 were performed using the lentiviral vector system and miRNA inhibitors, respectively. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis and H3K27ac chromatin immunoprecipitation and sequencing (CHIP-seq) experiments were utilized to explore the roles of HPV16-miR-H1 and HPV16-miR-H6 facilitated by enhancers. CCK8, EdU, transwell, and wound healing assays were performed to verify the effects of HPV16-miR-H1 and HPV16-miR-H6 on cell proliferation and migration.
Results
HPV16-miR-H1 and HPV16-miR-H6 were highly expressed in both SIHA cells and tissue samples from HPV16-positive cervical cancer patients. RNA-seq analysis showed that HPV16-miR-H1 and HPV16-miR-H6 induced the upregulation of numerous tumor progression-associated genes. H3K27ac CHIP-seq experiments further revealed that HPV16-miR-H1 and HPV16-miR-H6 modulated the expression of critical genes by regulating their enhancer activity. The functional study demonstrated that HPV16-miR-H1 and HPV16-miR-H6 increased the migratory capacity of SIHA cells.
Conclusions
Our data shed light on the role of HPV16-encoded miRNAs in cervical cancer, particularly emphasizing their involvement in the miRNA-enhancer-target gene system. This novel regulatory mechanism of HPV16-miRNAs provides new insights and approaches for the development of therapeutic strategies by targeting HPV16-positive cervical cancer.