bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
State Policies and Islamic Law Regarding Juvenile Punishment for Theft
Authors: Suhendar Suhendar , Yunus Nur Rohim , Rezki Annissa
Published: April 2024

The development of an increasingly sophisticated era certainly has an impact on children, both positive and negative impacts. Due to the absence of maximum direction and assistance to children, children can at any time do disgraceful acts. When children are involved in the crime of theft, they will be faced with the law and processed. Therefore, there is a need for special guidance and assistance from parents and parties whose status and roles have been recognized as external companions for these children. In this research, the writer uses descriptive qualitative research method with normative juridical research type. The analysis was conducted to determine the form of state and Islamic protection against children who are perpetrators of the crime of theft. The results of the study state that the judge can give a decision on the case of a child crime case of theft. However, legal protection is needed for children who do not commit the crime of theft, considering that they are still underage and still need to be given more maximum attention and guidance. The state protects children because their future is also the future of the state. Every level of society in Indonesia is obligated to provide moral support and guarantee that children in dispute with the law are not excluded from the social environment and society, and that they continue to obtain an appropriate education so that their futures are secure. So that youngsters affected by this law do not feel alienated, continued enjoyment of the nation's youth is possible.
Dehumanisasi Hukuman Mati Bagi Pengedar Narkotika di Indonesia Menurut Hukum Islam
Authors: Imran Maizul , Arsal Arsal , Wahyuni Sri
Published: April 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui sejauh apa kesan dehumanisasi yang timbulkan dalam penerapan hukuman mati pada pengedar narkotika dan untuk mengetahui respons hukum Islam menyikapi penerapan hukuman mati bagi pengedar narkotika secara humanis. Metode penelitian hukum ini bersifat normatif dengan pendekatan studi literature dengan analisis data kualitatif dari data primer dan sekunder yang bersifat induktif. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan,  pertama, bahwa kesan dehumanisasi didasari pada dampak sejarah eksekusi mati yang kelam dari masa ke masa, kemunculan gerakan-gerakan penegak Hak Asasi Manusia yang semakin marak di beberapa negara, implementasi aturan-aturan berskala internasional yang melarang hukuman mati, bentuk penolakan grasi dan berbagai bentuk perbuatan pengedaran  yang digeneralisir hukumannya. Kedua, secara makna tekstual ayat al-Qur`ān untuk pengedar narkotika dapat dikategorikan sebagai makna fasādan fī al-ardhi dalam ranah hukuman ta’zīr yang masih terbuka hak grasi dan penuntutan keringanan hukuman di pengadilan. Namun secara kontektual dikategorikan hukumannya secara beragam dan fleksibel, sebagai ḥirābah (perampokan), al-baghyu dan peminum khamar (syirb al-khamr). Sebagai solusi hukum alternatif diharapkan dapat mencerminkan penerapan hukuman yang humanis bagi pengedar narkotika.
Karisma Gus Azmi di Kalangan Jamaah Milenial dalam Shalawat Syubbanul Muslimin Perspektif Max Weber
Authors: Fauzi Ahmad , Kasno Kasno
Published: April 2024

The emergence and spread of takfiri ideology can be traced back to the historical interpretations of the Khawārij and Wahhabis, leading individuals towards radicalization. This phenomenon has resulted in detrimental consequences, including the disruption of religious harmony, erosion of fundamental religious values and exacerbation of intra-Muslim conflicts culminating in violence. Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), as a proponent of the Aswaja sect, has actively undertaken measures to counteract Takfiri influence. This study analyzes NU’s efforts to combat takfiri ideology through its official platform, i.e., NU Online. Utilizing qualitative and library research methods, this investigation employs Charles Sanders Peirce’s semiotic framework to scrutinize the counter-takfiri discourse on NU Online. Central to Peirce’s semiotics are the concepts of representamen (sign), object, and interpretant. The findings reveal that the counter-takfiri contents on the NU Islamic portal predominantly promote moderate Islamic principles, aiming to foster critical thinking and moderation among Muslims to resist radical ideologies like takfiri beliefs. NU, characterized as a peaceful, tolerant, and nationalist mass organization, actively advocates for moderation within Islam, aiming to inoculate its followers against extremist interpretations.
Menari Menuju Kebahagiaan: Filosofi dan Peran Whirling Dervishes di Komunitas Kedai El Rumi Surabaya
Authors: Putri Dinny Maretta , Muktafi Muktafi
Published: April 2024

This article delves into the philosophy and significance of Whirling Dervishes within the Kedai El Rumi Community in Surabaya. Employing direct observation as the primary research method, supplemented by secondary data from relevant academic literature, the study uncovers the intricacies of this spiritual practice. The findings reveal the meticulous ritual of Whirling Dervishes, starting with heart purification and intention-setting, followed by intricate movements such as toe bending and clockwise rotation. This dance offers emotional benefits, fostering clarity, tranquility, and happiness among practitioners. Whirling Dervishes at Kedai El Rumi provide a platform for emotional management and spiritual connection through art. Additionally, each movement in Sufi dance carries profound significance, aiding in personal growth and spiritual development. Furthermore, Whirling Dervishes serve to strengthen social bonds within the community, fostering solidarity and deepening collective engagement in religious practices. This underscores the broader impact of Sufi dance, not only on individuals but also on community cohesion and religious life.
Moderasi Beragama Muhammadiyah dalam Risalah Islam Berkemajuan Perspektif Sosiologi Pengetahuan Karl Mannheim
Authors: Syafi’i Ali Ridho , Biyanto Biyanto
Published: April 2024

The significance of moderation remains paramount in contemporary discourse, persisting as an ongoing subject of discussion. Muhammadiyah, among the prominent proponents of this ethos, has recently inaugurated Risalah Islam Berkemajuan, a publication dedicated to advancing ideas on religious moderation. This article scrutinizes Muhammadiyah’s approach to religious moderation as delineated in Risalah Islam Berkemajuan. Employing Karl Mannheim’s sociological framework of knowledge, this research aims to elucidate Muhammadiyah’s stance on moderation. The methodology employed entails qualitative analysis of both primary and secondary data sources. Data collection techniques encompass library and online research, enabling a comprehensive exploration of pertinent sources. Subsequently, the gathered data undergoes qualitative analysis. The findings underscore how Karl Mannheim’s perspective on the sociology of knowledge illuminates Muhammadiyah’s conception of moderation as articulated in Risalah Islam Berkemajuan, shedding light on the organization’s role in shaping moderate discourse within the societal and cultural milieu.
Growth and flowering of carnation cultivated in different pot colors and protected environments
Authors: NAGEL Suzielly S.A. , COSTA Edilson , NAGEL Pedro L. , GOMES da SILVA Abimael , BINOTTI Flávio F.S. , VENDRUSCOLO Eduardo P. , VIEIRA Gustavo H.C. , DANTAS Thaise
Published: April 2024

The Dianthus caryophyllus L. occupies the second position of the best sold cut flowers after rose. The choice of the environment and the cultivation container is crucial for flower production because, besides permitting higher temperature, light, and relative humidity management, it also impacts yield. This study evaluated the cultivation of yellow carnation in different protected environments and pot colours. The experiment was conducted in a factorial 2 × 4 (greenhouse and nursery x blue, red, brown, and black pots; the black pot was considered the control treatment). The photosynthetically active radiation, substrate temperature, and meteorological variables in the environments were monitored during the experiment's conduction as well the growth and productivity variables. The greenhouse significantly reduced solar radiation, generating favourable conditions for the initial growth of carnation plants. The nursery maintained higher levels of solar radiation, stimulating its flowering. The cultivation in brown pots provided higher quality plants regarding both vegetative growth and flowering. Therefore, brown pots are an option to substitute the black pots traditionally used for flower production. The use of the blue pot negatively influenced the development of carnation plants.
Survey on nitrogenase evolution by considering the importance of nitrogenase, its structure, and mechanism of nitrogenase
Authors: SUN Wenli , SHAHRAJABIAN Mohamad Hesam
Published: April 2024

Nitrogenase is a complicated enzyme that actives the ATP-dependent reduction of dinitrogen (N2) to ammonia (NH3). The aim of this manuscript is to review the nitrogenase evolution with considering nitrogenase, structure of nitrogenase, action mechanism of nitrogenase and oxygen sensitive mechanism of nitrogenase. The searches focused on publications from 1980 to February 2023, using PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Scopus databases. In the term of evolution, the nitrogen cycle has experienced highly changes; at the beginning of life and suggested the exact anoxic scenario, the comparatively sufficient ammonium was possibly used in an assimilation/mineralization cycle by protocellular organisms. The main nif gene products which are active in nitrogen fixation are nifH, nifD, nifK, nifT, nifY/nafY, nifE, nifN, nifX, nifU, nifS, nifV, nifW, nifZ, nifM, nifF, nifL, nifA, nifB, fdxN, nifQ, and nifJ. The main vnf gene products which are active in nitrogen fixation are vnfA, vnfE, vnfN, vnfX, vnfH, vnfFd, vnfD, vnfG, vnfK, and vnfY. Oxygen can be either detrimental or beneficial for diazotrophs in organisms suitable for an aerobic catabolism, and it supports the production of a substrate for nitrogenase (ATP), but it can also impede the activity and suppress the synthesis of this enzyme.
Mitigating negative impact of salinity on berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum) by foliar application of salicylic acid
Authors: AHMAD Masood , NAQVE Maria , LIHONG Wang , ZIA Muhammad A. , MAHMOOD Athar , JAVAID Muhammad M. , AMEEN Muaz , RASHED Afaf A. , RASHEED Adnan , HASSAN Muhammad U. , QARI Sameer H.
Published: April 2024

Salicylic acid (SA) is a plant growth regulator known to take part in defense responses against different types of stresses, including salt stress. In this study, the role of foliar applied SA in improving the growth of berseem variety ‘Anmol’ under salt stress was examined. Plants were sown in plastic pots in the sand. Plants were treated with different concentrations of salinity (0, 60 mM and 120 mM NaCl) and salicylic acid (0, 100 mg L-1 and 150 mg L-1) was applied as a foliar spray. Salinity stress significantly reduced root and shoot fresh and dry weight, root and shoot length, photosynthetic pigments including Chl. a, b, a/b, total soluble proteins, total amino acids and uptake of K+ and Ca2+ ions in root and shoot tissues. Exogenous application of salicylic acid improved growth traits including shoot length, shoot fresh weight, root length, root fresh and weight, shoot dry weight, pigments contents (Chl. a, a/b and carotenoids). Total soluble protein and amino acid contents, activities of antioxidants peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were also enhanced by the foliar spray of SA under saline and non-saline conditions. SA played a crucial role in lowering Na+ and Cl− ions content in shoot and root tissues while enhancing the uptake of K+ and Ca2+ ions. The study revealed that 100 mg L-1 SA treatment significantly influenced several plant parameters, including shoot length (8 cm), root length 6.7 cm, chlorophyll (1.2 mg/g FW), total soluble proteins (0.8 mg/g FW) and total amino acids (2.5 mg/g FW), SOD (1.22 U/mg protein), CAT (1.75 U/mg FW), potassium ions (29 mg/g DW), and calcium ions (43 mg/g DW) during salinity stress. Therefore, field use of SA (100 mg L-1) is recommended to enhance the growth of berseem and other fodder crops in saline soils.
Research progress of MYB transcription factor family in plant stress resistance
Authors: CUI Ruye , AN Xia
Published: April 2024

The MYB (v-MYB avian myoblast viral oncogene homolog) family of transcription factors is a large class of transcription factors that are widely distributed in eukaryotes and found in nearly all eukaryotes. The MYB protein exhibits the typical structure and function of transcription factors. Its protein molecular structure consists of a highly conserved DNA-binding domain known as the MYB domain, as well as a relatively less conserved transcriptional activation region and negative regulatory region. MYB proteins can regulate plant growth and development, primary and secondary metabolism, and respond to various abiotic stresses such as drought, high temperature, and high salt. In this paper, we summarize the structural characteristics of MYB family transcription factors, as well as their roles in biotic and abiotic stresses. We also elaborate on the progress of relevant research, aiming to provide theoretical insights for better understanding the functions and regulatory mechanisms of all members of the MYB family in plants. Furthermore, we aim to explore the potential utilization of these transcription factor family members in crop improvement.
Physiological, biochemical and transcriptomic studies reveal the mechanisms promoting tiller bud growth under high temperature conditions in japonica rice
Authors: TIAN Xuefei , FANG Sheng , WU Yehui , CHEN Huizhen , QU Huijie , ASLAM Muhammad T. , RASHEED Adnan , WANG Yupeng , WU Ziming
Published: April 2024

High temperature (HT) negatively impacts the initiation and development of tiller buds in japonica rice, resulting in a substantial decrease in yield. However, the physiological and molecular mechanisms alleviating the inhibition of HT on the growth of tiller buds in japonica rice remain elusive. Hence, this study aimed to dissect the underlying mechanisms of normal tiller buds’ growth under HT in japonica rice through comparative physiological, biochemical and transcriptomics analyses of two contrasting varieties, ‘Changgeng 225’ (‘CG225’, heat-tolerant) and ‘Zhonghua 11’ (‘ZH11’, heat-sensitive). Compared with ‘ZH11’, the tiller number of ‘CG225’ decreased less under HT stress. ‘CG225’ outperformance over ‘ZH11’ was due to higher activities of the antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, POD and APX), as well as higher activities of the key enzymes involved in carbon and nitrogen metabolism (NR, GOGAT, GS, GDH, SS and SPS) in tiller buds. In addition, lower contents of the tiller-inhibiting phytohormone ABA and SLs, and higher contents of the tiller-promoting phytohormone CK in ‘CG225’ also promoted the growth of tiller buds. Most of the significant DEGs between ‘CG225’ and ‘ZH11’ under HT conditions were assigned to chloroplast and photosynthesis. We identified potential candidate genes, including transcription factors (EP2, B3, bHLH, MYB, NAC, and WRKY), phytohormone (auxin efflux carriers and ethylene biosynthesis genes), antioxidant system (peroxidases), and sucrose pathway-related genes. Furthermore, ectopic sucrose application significantly alleviated HT inhibitory effects on tiller bud growth of ‘ZH11’ plants. Our results reveal a synergistic control of heat stress by several metabolic mechanisms in japonica rice during tillering and provide fundamental resources for improving rice HT tolerance and production.
Changes in mango postharvest quality due to nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium dose and production season
Authors: BAEZA-HERRERA Liliana , JAEN-CONTRERAS David , SAN-MARTÍN-HERNÁNDEZ Cesar , CHÁVEZ-FRANCO Sergio H. , LOPÉZ-JIMÉNEZ Alfredo , MURATALLA-LUA Alfonso , GARCIA-OSORIO Cecilia
Published: April 2024

This study analysed the impact of two production seasons (PS): off-season (OS) and main-season (MS); plus, three fertilization doses (FD): proposed (PR), regional (RE) and no fertilization (NF); and the PSxFD interaction, on the quality of ‘Ataulfo’ mango produced in a commercial orchard. A completely randomized factorial design with four replications was used. The experimental unit was a 12-year-old mango tree. The variables evaluated at physiological maturity and ripe stage were firmness, color, titratable acidity (TA), total soluble solids (TSS), TSS/TA ratio, total sugars (TS), reducing sugars (RS), β-carotene, total phenols, vitamin C and weight loss (5, 10 and 15 days) only at the stage of maturity of consumption. PS and FD differentially affected (according to fruit maturity stage) the physicochemical and nutraceutical quality. A similar behavior was observed for the PSxFD interaction. The outstanding results were, at physiological maturity, the PR dose elevated TSS, phenols and TSS/TA ratio; in PS, OS increased Hue, TA, TSS and phenols. At maturity of consumption, the RE dose increased TSS, TSS/TA ratio, phenols, β-carotene and RS; at PS, OS increased TS, luminosity, TSS/TA ratio, β-carotene and vitamin C. The best fruit quality is achieved with the MS:PR combination at physiological maturity and OS:RE at ripening stage. Depending on the degree of maturity of the fruits, this study showed how the fertilization dose, the production seasons, and their interaction modify the physicochemical and nutraceutical quality of mango fruits.
Investigation of salinity tolerance to different cultivars of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) grown in vitro
Authors: MOLNAR Sabin , CLAPA Doina , POP Viorel C. , HÂRȚA Monica , ANDRECAN Flavia A. , BUNEA Claudiu I.
Published: April 2024

Salinity is one of the most critical abiotic stresses affecting various physiological, biochemical, and molecular functions of plants. This study aimed to assess the effects of different salt concentrations on in vitro blueberry shoots (‘Bluecrop’, ‘Blueray’, ‘Brigitta Blue’, ‘Duke’, ‘Goldtraube’, ‘Hortblue Petite’, and ‘Patriot’ cultivars) and to understand the mechanisms employed by this species under saline conditions. The Woody Plant Medium (WPM) proliferation medium was supplemented with 10, 50, 100, and 150 mM NaCl to induce salt stress. After ten weeks of in vitro culture under salinity stress, various parameters were evaluated, including the number of shoots obtained/explant, shoot length, fresh weight, dry weight, water content, stress tolerance index (STI), and McKinney index (MKI). Additionally, the behaviour of blueberry cultivars under salt stress was analyzed using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR). Compared to the control (culture medium without NaCl), all treatments with NaCl reduced shoot length and the number of shoots obtained/explant in all studied blueberry cultivars. ‘Brigitta Blue’ reported the shortest shoots (0.04 ± 0.02 cm) at a concentration of 150 mM NaCl, followed by ‘Blueray’ with 0.05 ± 0.03 cm. Also, the lowest number of shoots/explant was recorded for both cultivars under 150 mM NaCl, namely 0.12 ± 0.07 shoots/explant (‘Brigitta Blue’) and 0.11 ± 0.04 shoots/explant (‘Blueray’). Salt tolerance, as expressed by ITS and MKI, confirmed that ‘Goldtraube’ exhibited higher salt tolerance, with the highest ITS values and the lowest MKI values. Further validation presented ‘Goldtraube’ as the most unresolved spectra of the Mn (II) hyperfine structure under all salt concentrations, therefore ‘Goldtraube’ was the most tolerant to saline stress.
Leaf-based characterization of intermediate forms between Cuban and Honduran mahogany
Authors: RODRÍGUEZ COCA Liuder I. , CIOCÎRLAN Elena , TROCONES BOGGIANO Ana G. , DELGADO FERNÁNDEZ Luis A. , LORENZO ÉVORA Jorge F. , CODREAN Codrin , CURTU Alexandru L.
Published: April 2024

The genus Swietenia includes two mahogany species, Swietenia macrophylla (King.), commonly known as Honduran mahogany, and Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq, commonly known as Cuban mahogany. There are reports of morphologically intermediate forms between Cuban and Honduran mahogany that have been localized in some Caribbean islands. The main objective of this research is to distinguish morphologically intermediate forms between the parental species S. mahagoni and S. macrophylla based on leaf morphological characters. Phenotypic data from a total of 357 mahogany trees were collected in the province of Sancti Spiritus, Cuba. Rachis length, petiole length, leaflet length, leaflet width, number of leaflets and number of nerves were evaluated. Morphological descriptor analysis revealed significant differences in the morphometric variables of the evaluated leaves, with rachis length, number of leaflets, leaflet length, petiole length, leaflet width, and number of nerves being significantly higher in S. macrophylla than in S. mahagoni. ANOVA reflected the variance between all leaf morphological parameters evaluated between the two pure species with statistically significant difference. Using the function obtained in the first DC of the two species, the individuals in the mixed stands were classified into 71 morphologically intermediate forms, 45 S. macrophylla and 64 S. mahagoni. In the second DC with the two species and the morphologically intermediate forms, Wilks’ partial lambda indicates that the variable "leaflet length" with 0.67 contributed most to the overall discrimination.
Inflammatory Markers Involved in the Pathogenesis of Dupuytren's Contracture
Authors: Cates William T. , Denbeigh Janet M. , Salvagno Ralph T. , Kakar Sanjeev , van Wijnen Andre J. , Eaton Charles
Published: April 2024

Dupuytren's disease is a common fibroproliferative disease that can result in debilitating hand deformities. Partial correction and return of deformity are common with surgical or clinical treatments at present. While current treatments are limited to local procedures for relatively late effects of the disease, the pathophysiology of this connective tissue disorder is associated with both local and systemic processes (e.g., fibrosis, inflammation). Hence, a better understanding of the systemic circulation of Dupuytren related cytokines and growth factors may provide important insights into disease progression. In addition, systemic biomarker analysis could yield new concepts for treatments of Dupuytren that attenuate circulatory factors (e.g., anti-inflammatory agents, neutralizing antibodies). Progress in the development of any disease modifying biologic treatment for Dupuytren has been hampered by the lack of clinically useful biomarkers. The characterization of nonsurgical Dupuytren biomarkers will permit disease staging from diagnostic and prognostic perspectives, as well as allows evaluation of biologic responses to treatment. Identification of such markers may transcend their use in Dupuytren treatment, because fibrotic biological processes fundamental to Dupuytren are relevant to fibrosis in many other connective tissues and organs with collagen-based tissue compartments. There is a wide range of potential Dupuytren biomarker categories that could be informative, including disease determinants linked to genetics, collagen metabolism, as well as immunity and inflammation (e.g., cytokines, chemokines). This narrative review provides a broad overview of previous studies and emphasizes the importance of inflammatory mediators as candidate circulating biomarkers for monitoring Dupuytren's disease.
Online Distance Learning (odl) Behavior During Covid-19: Socio-economy Perspective of Civil Engineering Undergraduate in A Malaysian Public University
Authors:   School of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia., Lee Wei-Koon , Isa Che Maznah Mat ,   School of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This study examined the entrepreneurial knowledge and skills of engineering graduates and the entrepreneurial mindset of engineers. It also examined how entrepreneurial knowledge and skills affect the mindset of the entrepreneurial engineer. The study population consists of twenty-five Jordanian public and private universities that offer engineering programs. Based on the results of an overview of the engineering study plans of these universities, four universities were selected (The University of Jordan, Princess Sumaya University for Technology, Al- Hussein Technical University, Al-Hussein Technical University, Al-Ahliyya Amman University). The total number of engineering graduates participating in this study and whose responses were valid for the analysis was 65 students who graduated between 2016 and 2022. The results of this study indicated that the average entrepreneurial knowledge and skills of engineering graduates ranged between average and good. The findings also indicated that there is a statistically significant positive correlation between the entrepreneurial knowledge and skills of engineering graduates and their entrepreneurialmindset. The study concluded that it is essential for undergraduate engineering students to acquire entrepreneurial knowledge and skills that support their engineering major, and lead them to think broadly about their future careers and opportunities. Thus, entrepreneurial knowledge and skills enhance their competitiveness in innovative and rapidly emerging engineering industries. The study recommended the inclusion of entrepreneurship knowledge and skills in all engineering curricula and courses in universities. Keywords: civil engineering undergraduate, Covid- 19, movement control order (MCO), online distance learning (ODL), socio-economy
E-learning Over Covid-19 Pandemic in Hung Vuong University: A Case Study From a Multidisciplinary Local Public University In Vietnam
Authors:   Hung Vuong University, Viet Tri city, Phu Tho province, Vietnam, Cong-Kien Dr. Hoang , Hung-Cuong Dr. Nguyen ,   Hung Vuong University, Viet Tri city, Phu Tho province, Vietnam
Published: April 2024

Abstract : HVU is a multidisciplinary public local university, so they have specific characteristics to deploy e-learning in the general context of Vietnam. The pressure of implementing e-learning based on the appearance of Covid-19 leads to surprise and unexpected successes. The amount of work after Covid-19 occurred is many times more than before 2019, including implementing an e-learning system and the use of related users such as administrators, lecturers, and students. The research objective is to introduce the process of applying e-learning in HVU to the stakeholders. The experimental results are conducted by 508 surveys on students and 62 surveys on lecturers. The surveyed information includes (1) The interaction of students when using MS Teams; (2) The feedback from students when using HVU LMS; and (3) The habits of the lecturers when using elearning tools. All of those results verify the reached goal of the e-learning implementation of HVU. Keywords : E-learning; Vietnamese university; Covid-19
Issues and Challenges of Implementing Project Based Learning in Engineering Courses: Student and Faculty Perspective
Authors:   Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, NMAM Institute of Technology, Nitte Deemed to be University, Nitte, India., P. S Dr. Venugopala , B Dr. Ashwini ,   Department of Information Science and Engineering, NMAM Institute of Technology, Nitte Deemed to be University, Nitte, India, Pai P Dr. Shrinivasa ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, NMAM Institute of Technology, Nitte Deemed to be University, Nitte, India, C. V Dr. Aravinda ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, NMAM Institute of Technology, Nitte Deemed to be University, Nitte, India
Published: April 2024

Abstract - Project Based Learning (PBL) is a concept adopted in higher education that is focused on the mode of learning by implementing projects using the concepts studied during a course. This model is now extended even to middle schools. This paper is a case study on the implementation of PBL in the engineering course. PBL implementation has several issues to be considered before offering it to the students. The issues are more related to the faculty and the institution. A survey was carried out among the students and faculty to know the effectiveness of PBL implementation. A set of questions were asked to the students to know the technical and non-technical advantages and limitations of the PBL. Descriptive questions are used to know the general opinion of the students and faculty about PBL. Various observations are made based on the outcome of the survey. As the overall outcome of the survey, the faculty and students are of the opinion that the PBL will enhance the learning outcome of the course, provided sufficient time and resources are available to implement the project and the faculty can guide the students with regular monitoring of the project's progress. Faculty competency in handling the concepts practically, and availability of time and resources are of concern. Both faculty and students felt that PBL must be practiced in the engineering curriculum to enhance the skills of the student. Keywords: Engineering education; Internet of Things; Project based learning
Assessment and Classification Models of Regional Investment Projects Implemented through Concession Agreements
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Loseva O. V. , Munerman I. V. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Fedotova M. A. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Published: April 2024

Imposed wide-ranging sanctions require stricter control over the use of budget funds in order to increase the return on investment and minimise the risks of inappropriate spending. Thus, regional development based on the implementation of investment projects with public participation through concession agreements becomes particularly important. The article considers the construction of classification models for the assessment of such projects to identify high-risk concession agreements. State customers can use these models to make informed decisions when choosing a contractor and to improve the efficiency of public property management. For an objective assessment of the integrity of contractors based on financial and other factors, the study used screening models and built-in tools of the SPARK information and analytical system, as well as the methods of descriptive analysis of big data, machine learning and the nearest neighbours approach for clustering regional investment projects according to the risk of improper execution of concession agreements. The presented approach was tested on 1248 regional investment projects implemented through concession agreements. As a result, the research identified two clusters: projects with low risk (83.8 %) and high risk (16.2 %) of improper performance of obligations by the concessionaire. To assess the models’ accuracy and sensitivity to outliers, the confusion matrix and Spearman’s coefficient were utilised, which showed a sufficiently high accuracy of the resulting classification. The constructed models can be used for selecting regional investment projects, as well as for monitoring implemented projects in order to identify potential risks of their non-completion and timely take necessary response measures.
The Experience of Bulgaria in Attracting Foreign Direct Investment — Lessons for Emerging Economies
Authors:   University of National and World Economy, Zhelev P. N. , Kussainova A. A. ,   Ualikhanov University
Published: April 2024

Foreign direct investment (FDI) has been crucial in transitioning Central and Eastern European countries from planned to market economies, facilitating technological modernisation, job creation, export performance, and regional competitiveness. However, FDI alone cannot solve economic development challenges; effective policies are essential for leveraging FDI as a catalyst for economic catch-up. This paper aims to derive economic policy lessons for emerging economies through a critical assessment of the Bulgarian experience in attracting FDI. It employs a methodological approach that combines quantitative analysis of key FDI indicators with qualitative evaluation of the policy landscape. Since the end of the 1990s, Bulgaria has secured macroeconomic and political stability as an important precondition for FDI, applying an open-door policy for foreign investors without strategic targeting. The country's accession to the European Union in 2007 further enhanced its investment appeal. Nevertheless, the passive policy of reliance on a low tax regime and low labour costs without a strategic focus has led to unbalanced regional and unfavourable sectoral distribution with foreign investors crowding into the metropolitan area and sectors like non-tradable services and low-end manufacturing. Thereby, the Bulgarian experience, where the quantity of incoming FDI overshadowed the quality, demonstrates the insufficiency of a laissez-faire FDI strategy for maximising the benefits of FDI. The study underscores the necessity for proactive state policies in emerging economies that not only attract FDI but also ensure it fosters technological transfer and stimulates the economic potential of underdeveloped regions.
Tarım Sektöründe Çalışan Kadınların Sosyo-Ekonomik Durumu ve Mülkiyet Sorununa İlişkin Bir Alan Araştırması: Adıyaman İli Örneği
Authors: Kovancı Ezgi , Yıldız Karakoç Duygu
Published: April 2024

Tarım sektöründe çalışan kadınların sosyo-ekonomik ve mülkiyete ilişkin durumlarını ve sorunlarını irdelemek amacıyla yapılan bu çalışma Adıyaman ili özelinde 40 katılımcıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma, kadınların eğitim, gelir ve mülkiyet durumları, yaşam koşulları, finansal erişimleri, beklenti ve talepleri gibi birçok konuya dair bulguları kapsamlı biçimde ortaya çıkarmak amacını gütmüştür. Yapılan görüşmeler Maxqda programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma tarım alanında çalışan kadınların en çok hayat pahalılığı ve geçim şartlarında zorluklar yaşadığını ortaya koymuş, geleceğe yönelik en büyük beklentilerinin de çocuklarının eğitim hayatlarına devam etmeleri olduğunu göstermiştir. Kadınların finansal erişimine ve mülk edinimine ilişkin önemli sınırlamaların olduğu da çalışmaların bulguları arasında yer almıştır.
Genişletilmiş Gri MULTIMOORA Yöntemi ile Çok Dönemli Çok Kriterli Karar Verme: Demir-Çelik Sektöründe Finansal Performans Değerlendirmesi Örneği
Authors: Güçlü Pembe , Muzac Gülcan
Published: April 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de ham demir çelik üretimi gerçekleştiren işletmelerin çok dönemli finansal performanslarının genişletilmiş gri MULTIMOORA yöntemi ile değerlendirilmesidir. Çalışmada önerilen yeni gri tam çarpım formu ile desteklenen Gri MULTIMOORA yöntemi, bu çalışmada orijinal kullanım amacından farklı olarak belirsizlik içermeyen çok dönemli ve çok kriterli karar problemlerini çözmek için kullanılmıştır. Üç farklı yaklaşımdan elde edilen sıralama sonuçlarının toplulaştırılmasında MULTIMOORA’nın kullandığı baskınlık yöntemin yerine, Copeland yönteminin kullanımı önerilmiştir. Yöntem, BIST Temel Metal Endüstrisi Endeksi'nde yer alan, ham demir ve çelik üreten işletmelerin çok yıllık finansal performanslarını analiz etmek amacıyla uygulanmıştır. Yapılan analizler neticesinde önerilen yöntemin sonuçlarının birden fazla alternatif yöntemin sonuçlarını kapsadığı; yöntemin tek başına, karar problemini ve çözüm sonuçlarını çok boyutlu olarak ve daha detaylı irdeleme şansı tanıdığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Göç Alan Ülke Sınıflandırması İçin Metodolojik Çerçeve Analizi
Authors: Alioğlu Türker Özlem
Published: April 2024

Geleneksel göç alan ülke sınıflandırmaları, yakın dönemde yoğun göç alan yeni ülkeleri kapsamamaktadır. Yeni hedef ülkelerde yürütülecek saha araştırmalarının literatür ile bütünleşebilmesi ve ülkelerarası karşılaştırmalı araştırmaların yapılabilmesi için metodolojik sınırlılıkları aşmak gerekmektedir. Bu makalede göç alan ülke tipolojileri oluşturulurken yaygın olarak kullanılan ulus-devlet oluşumu, yurttaşlık rejimleri ve göç politikaları tarihsel ve kuramsal olarak analiz edilmiştir. Birbiriyle ilişkili değişkenlerin bir ülkenin göç profilini belirlemede kullanılabilecek; tarihsel, yasal ve politik düzlemde izlenebilecek metodolojik araçlar olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
La resiliencia en estudiantes universitarios no tradicionales
Authors: Castro-Méndez Nelson Patricio , Suárez-Cretton Ximena Alejandra
Published: April 2024

Varios adultos trabajadores intentan mejorar sus condiciones de vida estudiando una carrera universitaria. Ellos enfrentan desafíos como conciliar trabajo, familia y universidad en un nuevo contexto de incertidumbre, para lo cual requerirán una alta resiliencia. El objetivo de este artículo de investigación es identificar algunas variables que inciden en la resiliencia de adultos que trabajan y estudian en la universidad. Por lo tanto, se han utilizado 4 escalas: CD-RISC10, BNSG-S, MSPSS y SWLS para medir resiliencia, satisfacción de necesidades psicológicas básicas, apoyo social percibido y satisfacción con la vida, respectivamente. Estas fueron respondidas por 114 adultos entre agosto y septiembre del 2020. El diseño de la investigación fue no experimental, transversal, de tipo correlacional causal y se realizaron diversos análisis predictivos, de moderación y mediación entre las variables. Los resultados muestran que el principal predictor de la resiliencia es la satisfacción de la necesidad de competencia, junto a la satisfacción con la vida y la necesidad de relación; la necesidad de autonomía media esta relación de predicción. Se plantea un modelo hipotético y se discuten los resultados en relación con la teoría de la autodeterminación como marco explicativo de la fuente de motivación intrínseca y de construcción de resiliencia del estudiante adulto que trabaja y estudia.
Emociones en narrativas de maestros acerca del daño causado por el conflicto armado
Authors: Quintero-Mejía Marieta , Ballesteros-Albarracín Nine Yofana , Sánchez-Espitia Keilyn Julieth
Published: April 2024

El conflicto armado como fenómeno de larga duración en Colombia ha impactado la vida escolar; sin embargo, estos daños han sido escasamente reconocidos y estudiados. La firma del acuerdo de paz (2016) permitió entrar a territorios sostenidamente afectados y conocer, en narrativas de maestros, el lugar que han tenido las emociones para instalar la crueldad humana, pero también, para promover resistencias (¿qué se hace con las emociones?). Para la construcción de este artículo resultado de investigación, se empleó un enfoque cualitativo con el fin de comprender los modos de circulación, distribución y reproducción de las emociones hostiles y proclives para la construcción de paz. Entre los hallazgos, se encontró que el miedo y el odio se emplean para subordinar e instalar dinámicas de guerra. Por su parte, la indignación y el amor activaron la puesta en marcha de acciones pedagógicas que contribuyen a la construcción de paz desde las aulas.
От глобального языка к локальному переводу
Authors: Liberman Samson , Khayaleeva Adelya
Published: April 2024

В статье рассмотрена возможность понимания перевода в качестве языка современного мира. Авторы обращают внимание на то, что перевод сегодня становится значимым явлением не только в области языка и текстов, но и внутри политической, социальной областей. Приводится мнение ряда исследователей о необходимости рассматривать перевод не только как культурологическую, но как антропологическую и даже онтологическую проблемы. Основная цель исследования — определить «переводческий поворот» не только как продолжение и развитие лингвистического поворота (как предлагает его рассматривать автор термина Д. Бахманн-Медик), но и как его отрицание и противоречие. Отличие между поворотами авторы предлагают рассматривать как продолжение онтологической оппозиции между тождеством и различием, где язык и лингвистика будет на стороне первого, а перевод — второго. В качестве же экономико-исторического основания поворота от языка к переводу авторы предлагают рассмотреть переход от парадигмы глобализации к «глокализации». Отличительной чертой глоакализационного капитала авторы считают появление платформ и связанных с ними систем производства и потребления. Главный вывод статьи — формулирование противоречия между эмансипаторным потенциалом переводческих практик и тотализирующей реализацией этого принципа в современном капитализме. Проводится аналогия с концептом дискурса у Фуко: если, согласно последнему, миссия интеллектуала заключается в обнаружении власти языка, то сегодня она может заключаться в обнаружении власти перевода.
Практическая логика
Authors: Bobrova Angelina
Published: April 2024

В наши дни и перед общими курсами логики, и перед курсами логики, читаемыми на философских факультетах, остро стоит проблема, как их стоит преподавать. Эта статья акцентирует внимание на модернизации курсов первого вида. Она предлагает аргументы в пользу того, что рабочим выходом из сложившейся ситуации мог бы стать курс практической логики, осмысленный на современный лад. С этой целью я даю общее представление, чем была практическая логика в XVII–XVIII веках, то есть в момент своего появления, бегло сравниваю ее с неформальной логикой, а также показываю, что элементы практической логики уже присутствуют в образовательной системе, но они не могут работать столь же продуктивно, сколь цельный курс. Свою позицию я отстаиваю, отталкиваясь от анализа основных направлений «реализации» курсов критического мышления, которые не так уж и редко встречаются в университетских программах. Если оценивать их положительные и отрицательные стороны, наиболее продуктивными окажутся курсы, ядро которых формируют положения, заимствованные из логики, отвечающей на практические запросы реальной жизни. Систематизация подобных положений и разработка отдельных курсов могли бы стать полезным делом. Предмет и методы практической логики прошли испытание временем, а потому они выглядят более ясно. Ее задачи, поставленные столетия назад, не потеряли своей актуальной. Все это дает ей преимущества и в содержательном плане, и в плане достижения своих целей. Изучение практической логики способно вносить свой вклад и в развитие такого важного навыка, как критическое мышление, защищая от всякого рода догматизма в большей мере, чем пусть и модные, но неопределенные по своим методам и задачам предметы.
Демонстративные аргументы в логике устранения одной юридической коллизии
Authors: Lisanyuk Elena
Published: April 2024

Мы выделяем три главных свойства критического мышления — тщательность, проактивность и эвристическая пригодность, связанных с решением задач предпочтения, в отличие от демонстративной аргументации в решении логических задач. На примере устранения юридической коллизии в деле «Женщины и суд присяжных», возникшей из-за аксиологического пробела в праве, мы показываем, что несмотря на то, что способности критического мышления, вытекающие из трех его свойств, вносят вклад в обнаружение и устранение коллизии, этих способностей, взятых самих по себе, без знаний строгих методов и методик их применения, оказывается недостаточно для решения задачи устранения причин ее возникновения — пробелов или противоречий в праве. Для реконструкции дела мы используем методику нормативных систем, основанную на деонтической логике и теории множеств, которая была предложена Карлосом Альчурроном и Евгением Булыгиным в трактате «Нормативные системы». С ее помощью мы анализируем решение Конституционного Суда РФ в деле «Женщины и суд присяжных», поддержавшего жалобу обвиняемой в убийстве на отказ в рассмотрении ее дела судом присяжных. Обжалованный ею вердикт об отказе соответствовал нормам о составе суда и подсудности дел, требующим учитывать пол и возраст обвиняемых, и не соответствовал нормам Конституции РФ о равенстве в правах доступа к правосудию независимо от пола и возраста. Логическая реконструкция позволяет путем проверки корректности и обоснованности рассуждений оценить эффективность и адекватность дискреционного решения по устранению аксиологического пробела и демонстрирует важность изучения логики правоведами и юристами.
THE IMPACT OF PHYSICAL INACTIVITY AND OBESITY ON HEALTH EXPENDITURES IN TÜRKİYE
Authors: YÜCEL Ali Serdar , GÜMÜŞDAĞ Hayrettin , ÖZPINAR Saliha , ABAY Perihan , DERMAN Süleyman , KORKMAZ Murat
Published: April 2024

Aim: The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship between physical inactivity and abdominal obesity and public health expenditures among adults in Türkiye. The main objective of the study is to assess the potential impact of physical inactivity and obesity on Türkiye's health expenditures. Scope: TurkStat and OECD data from 2010 to 2020 were used as the sample. Health expenditures are categorized under the headings of medical expenditures, laboratory tests, medicines and general expenditures. Method: In this research, Descriptive statistics consisted of median and interquartile range (IR) values. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare independent groups and Mann-Whitney test was used as a post-hoc test when necessary. Categorical variables were expressed as proportions and compared using the chi-square test. Significant associations identified by the chi-square test were further analysed using binary logistic regression, which produces odds ratio and 95% confidence interval values. Conclusion: In many countries such as Türkiye, obesity and physical inactivity lead to an increase in health problems. Obesity increases the risk of a number of chronic diseases, which puts more burden on the health system. In addition, obesity and physical inactivity have a high potential impact on health expenditures. These include factors such as increased expenditures for the treatment of obesity-related diseases and obesity-related job losses. Likewise, physical inactivity is a major cause of many health problems. In Türkiye, obesity rates are increasing and physical inactivity is widespread. Sedentary and abdominally obese patients were found to have higher expenditure rates than patients with only abdominal obesity. There is a parallel relationship between abdominal obesity and physical inactivity, which has a significant impact on overall health expenditures.