bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of serum hormone levels in female patients with acne vulgaris
Authors: Nguyen Phu Cuong , Nguyen Hoang Van , Vu Van Tien , Pham Van Tran , Tran Dang Quyet , Nguyen Thanh Tung
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Acne is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the pilosebaceous unit with differential pathogenesis. To elucidate the roles of hormones in acne pathogenesis, we conducted a study to evaluate the serum testosterone, estradiol, progesterone levels in women with acne vulgaris.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study, and 175 women with acne vulgaris were examined; their serum estradiol, progesterone, testosterone were analyzed by chemiluminescence technique and compared with the healthy control group.

Results: Increased serum hormone levels in women with acne vulgaris were accounted for 29.7%, and hyperandrogenism was accounted for 16.0% of cases. We found significant differences in testosterone levels (mean value, 55.67±25.56 versus 38.37±10.16 ng/dL, p<0.05) respectively in the acne group and the control group. However, the estradiol level of the acne group (323.15±93.31 pmol/L) was lower than the control group (370.94±58.88 pmol/L) with p<0.05). No statistically significant differences were found for progesterone (0.60±0.38 versus 0.50±0.15 ng/mL, p>0.05) levels. Moreover, we did not find the relationship between serum hormone levels and the severity of acne vulgaris.

Conclusion: This study showed that the female acne vulgaris patients may have high serum testosterone levels and low serum estradiol levels compared with those of female controls. However, hormone alterations had no correlation with the acne grades.
Health literacy education programmes developed for qualified health professionals: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Connell Lauren , Finn Yvonne , Dunne Rosie , Sixsmith Jane
Published: January 2022

Introduction:Health literacy education, for health professionals, has been identified as having the potential to improve patient outcomes and has been recognized as such in policy developments. Health literacy, as a relational concept, encompasses individuals’ skills and how health information is processed in relation to the demands and complexities of the surrounding environment. Focus has been predominantly on the dimension of functional health literacy (reading, writing and numeracy), although increasing emphasis has been placed on interactive and critical domains. Such dimensions often guide the development of health professional education programmes, where the aim is to enhance the patient-practitioner relationship, and ultimately reduce the health literacy burden experienced by patients navigating health services. Currently little is known about qualified health professionals’ education in health literacy and communication skills, and development, implementation or evaluation of such interventions.

Aim:To identify and map current educational interventions to improve health literacy competencies and communication skills of qualified health professionals.

Methods: A scoping review will be conducted drawing on methods and guidance from the Joanna Briggs Institute, and will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) Checklist. This study will retrieve literature on health professional education for health literacy and communication skills through a comprehensive search strategy in the following databases: CINAHL; Medline (Ovid); the Cochrane Library; EMBASE; ERIC; UpToDate; PsycINFO. Grey literature will be searched within the references of identified articles; Lenus; ProQuest E-Thesis Portal; RIAN and OpenGrey. A data charting form will be developed with categories including: article details, demographics, intervention details, implementation and evaluation methods.

Conclusion:Little is known about the extent and nature of the current evidence base therefore a scoping review will be conducted, in order to identify programme characteristics in relation to health literacy competencies and communication skills.
Anti-TNF therapy for inflammatory bowel disease in patients with neurodegenerative Niemann-Pick disease Type C
Authors: Williams Isabelle , Pandey Sumeet , Haller Wolfram , Huynh Hien Quoc , Chan Alicia , Düeker Gesche , Bettels Ruth , Peyrin-Biroulet Laurent , Dike Chinenye R. , DeGeeter Catherine , Smith David , Al Eisa Nada , Platt Nick , Marquardt Thorsten , Schwerd Tobias , Platt Frances M. , Uhlig Holm H.
Published: January 2022

Background:  Blockade of tumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) is effective in patients with Crohn’s Disease but has been associated with infection risk and neurological complications such as demyelination. Niemann-Pick disease Type C1 (NPC1) is a lysosomal storage disorder presenting in childhood with neurological deterioration, liver damage and respiratory infections. Some NPC1 patients develop severe Crohn’s disease. Our objective was to investigate the safety and effectiveness of anti-TNF in NPC1 patients with Crohn’s disease.

Methods: Retrospective data on phenotype and therapy response were collected in 2019-2020 for the time period 2014 to 2020 from patients in the UK, France, Germany and Canada with genetically confirmed NPC1 defects and intestinal inflammation. We investigated TNF secretion in peripheral blood mononuclear cells treated with NPC1 inhibitor in response to bacterial stimuli.

Results: NPC1 inhibitor treated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) show significantly increased TNF production after lipopolysaccharide or bacterial challenge providing a rationale for anti-TNF therapy. We identified 4 NPC1 patients with Crohn’s disease (CD)-like intestinal inflammation treated using anti-TNF therapy (mean age of onset 8.1 years, mean treatment length 27.75 months, overall treatment period 9.25 patient years). Anti-TNF therapy was associated with reduced gastrointestinal symptoms with no apparent adverse neurological events. Therapy improved intestinal inflammation in 4 patients.

Conclusions: Anti-TNF therapy appears safe in patients with NPC1 and is an effective treatment strategy for the management of intestinal inflammation in these patients.
The rates of middle molecules in the blood in rats with different motor activity in alcoholic and non alcoholic exerimental hepatosis
Authors: Denefil O.
Published: January 2022

Alcohol use disorders affect millions of individuals worldwide. The impact of these facts lies in the elevated social and economic costs. Liver metabolizes 75-98 % of ethanol that enters the organism. If the level of alcohol in the liver cells exceeds its degradation rate, alcoholic liver disease develops.

The aim of the study was to determine the peculiarities of hepatotoxicity after simulation of of ethanol hepatosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis of high and low-motor active rats.

Material and methods of investigation. The experiments were performed on on 72 white outbred male rats. The animals were divided into three groups: control, non-alkoholic hepatitis (NAH), ethanol hepatosis (EH). Each of group was subdivided – animals with high and low-motor activity (HA and LA). Contents of middle-mass molecules (MMM) were determined in the blood serum.

Results. The analysis of the results shows that the levels of MMM in blood serum are increasing. Dystrophic changes that appear in a consequence of hypoxia are noted in NAH and EH. Both morphological and biochemical changes were more significant in HA animals. The degree of MMM accumulation depends on the severity of the pathology and motor activity of the animals. Less activity of MMM238 is observed in HA rats, which can be explained by the development of multi-organ pathology.

Conclusions. During our investigations it was found the significant increasing of MMM levels in blood serum in rats with ethanol hepatosis and nonalkoholic hepatitis. The accumulation of MMM is not only a marker of endotoxication, they also increase the course of the pathological process, acquiring the roles of secondary toxins, affect the viability of all organs and systems. The degree of MMM accumulation depends on the moto activity of the animals and simulated pathology and is more significant in highly active animals, compared with low-active in the ethanol using.

Less activity of MMM238 is observed in HA rats with EH, which can be explained by the development of multi-organ pathology, in particular, renal impairment. Morphological investigations showed that the grade of liver injury was more significant in HA rats.
Au « DEAR WHITE PEOPLE » : Lovecraft Country, une série contre Lovecraft ?
Authors: Casta Isabelle-Rachel
Published: January 2022

Que ce soit dans la série de romans young adult « Le collège Lovecraft », ou le show Lovecraft Country, tout se passe comme si le nom même du fantastiqueur américain était devenu une sorte de « franchise », dont la simple mention assure le « branding » de l’objet en question. Mais il s’agit plus d’allusions aux légendes véhiculées autour de l’auteur que d’actualisations fines de son oeuvre ; oui, le défilé des horreurs, plus ou moins modélisées sur le principe du monster of the week, évoque davantage Supernatural (compendium de tous les standards de l’horror)… En s’inspirant d’un des écrivains les plus ouvertement racistes du premier vingtième siècle, la série de Misha Green parvient paradoxalement à rassembler les genres cinématographiques appréciés de la planète geek. Cette étude souligne en effet les « jump scares » liés au Livre vivant, héritage gnosique, métemsomatose. Cette réexploitation offre un pas de côté à l’oeuvre princeps, en déjouant par l’humour et l’horreur les solennités toxiques du modèle.
L’univers imaginaire de H. P. Lovecraft au prisme du cinéma d’animation
Authors: Menegaldo Gilles
Published: January 2022

Cet article examine un corpus de films d’animation et présente divers modes d’adaptation et de réécriture. Dans ces variations sur des motifs lovecraftiens, l’hybridation générique est fréquente associant fantasy, horreur et film noir comme dans History of the Necronomicon (Hideke Takayama, 1987). La dimension intertextuelle est marquée ainsi que les déclinaisons parodiques. Les techniques d’animation sont variées : marionnettes en argile, pâte à modeler, crayonnages, pastel, numérique. The Dunwich Horror and Other Stories (Ryo Shinagawa, 2008) exploite un procédé nouveau, le « ga-nimé », une forme d’animation lente en 3-D utilisant des matériaux mixtes et reposant sur des plans fixes. Dans The Night Ocean (Maria Lorenzo Hernandez, 2015), le récit subjectif et potentiellement non fiable de Lovecraft et Barlow est transposé sous la forme du carnet de voyage d’un artiste peintre mélancolique dont les oeuvres sont animées par une grande variété de procédés visuels et sonores, avec une partition musicale envoûtante. Ces deux films permettent de montrer que le cinéma d’animation se prête à la mise en images et en sons d’un imaginaire qui souvent résiste à la transposition à l’écran.
Could H.P. Lovecraft Create a Semblance of Normality?
Authors: Gregori Alfons
Published: January 2022

As part of historically minorized culture, Catalan literature endured difficult periods, e.g., the Francoist regime. To imagine different worlds writing in this language was even more arduous in the 20th century because of the negative attitude towards the fantastic shared by two fundamental trends of Catalan literature up to the 1970s: Noucentisme and historical realism. Nonetheless, H.P. Lovecraft was an important reference in the Catalan non-mimetic fiction that had a certain revival in post-war times. As a step towards “normalization” of Catalan literature after Franco’s death, the writers’ collective Ofèlia Dracs published several collections of short-stories of “genre” fiction–among them Lovecraft, Lovecraft! (1981). On the one hand, this article inscribes this exceptional collection in its historical context and in the contemporary Catalan literary system; on the other, it aims to shed light on Lovecraft’s role in Ofèlia Dracs’ book, proving the projection of his extraordinary supernatural world onto it by the presence not only of Lovecraftian hypotexts in its different tales, but also of metafictional elements inherited mainly from Joan Perucho’s postmodernist writings.
Nacjonalizm Stalina
Authors: Ciesielski Stanisław
Published: January 2022

W artykule podjęto próbę weryfikacji opinii o nacjonalistycznym charakterze poglądów Iosifa Stalina. Autor wziął pod uwagę oficjalne i nieoficjalne wypowiedzi Stalina z lat trzydziestych i czterdziestych XX w., a także napisane przez niego dokumenty partyjne i państwowe. Ich treść rozpatrywał z punktu widzenia spotykanych w literaturze naukowej argumentów uzasadniających twierdzenia o nacjonalizmie Stalina. Analizą zostały objęte następujące problemy: deklarowany przez niego stosunek do nacjonalizmu, ewolucja jego poglądów na przeszłość Rosji, konstruowany przez niego obraz narodu rosyjskiego, przypisywany temu narodowi przez Stalina status wśród innych narodów Związku Radzieckiego.
Koncepcje federacyjne w II Rzeczypospolitej
Authors: Pisuliński Jan
Published: January 2022

Artykuł przedstawia koncepcje federacyjne powstałe w okresie II Rzeczypospolitej, ich założenia, cele i zasady oraz ich uzasadnienie. Krótko omawia środowiska polityczne, które je formowały. Dominowały środowiska lewicowe, szczególnie aktywni na tym polu byli socjaliści. Odwoływali się do tradycji jagiellońskiej i Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów. Forsowali ideę federacji trialistycznej składającej się z Polski, Litwy i Białorusi. Rzadziej dołączano do niej Ukrainę i inne państwa bałtyckie, Łotwę i Estonię. Koncepcje federacyjne po traktacie ryskim w 1921 r. wysuwano już tylko sporadycznie.
Zachodnioniemiecka dyplomacja o zagrożeniu radziecką interwencją zbrojną w Polsce – jesień 1980 r.
Authors: Świder Małgorzata
Published: January 2022

RFN była żywotnie zainteresowana wydarzeniami w Polsce, a przede wszystkim groźbą interwencji ZSRR, która mogła poważnie skomplikować relacje RFN-NRD. W oparciu o niemieckie materiały archiwalne podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na trzy zasadnicze pytania: czy rząd RFN liczył się jesienią 1980 r. z interwencją ZSRR w Polsce? Jakie warunki musiały być spełnione, aby ZSRR zdecydował się na działania siłowe? Czy w ocenach RFN sytuacja w Polsce wykazywała podobieństwa do sytuacji w Czechosłowacji w 1968 r.? Odpowiedzi na te pytania pozwolą zrozumieć zarówno działania podejmowane przez Bonn wobec Polski i całego bloku wschodniego, jak i prezentowane przez polityków RFN postawy.
Does art therapy need a theory? Considerations on terminology, models and paradigms of art therapy
Authors: Szulc Wita
Published: January 2022

The author discusses Polish publications on the theoretical foundations of art therapy published in Poland in chronological order and confronts them with the world literature of Art Therapy. One of theproblems discussed in this paper is plagiarism in the Polish literature on Art Therapy, which is an obstacle on the way to Art Therapy achieving the status of science. The article covers such issues as sources of knowledge about Art Therapies, terminology, types, models and paradigms of Arts therapy. The aim of this article is to draw attention to the need for a critical approach to the available and disseminated sources of knowledge about the theory.
Family Art Therapy: Towards possible applications of an underestimated form of art therapy
Authors: Nieduziak Edyta Maria
Published: January 2022

The main purpose of the article is to present various ways of conducting art therapy with families, which is often referred to as Family Art Therapy. In the first part, the author explains the sources and unique features of this form of work, before proceeding to characterize therapeutic interventions described in the literature on the subject. Although they are not numerous, they present a wide range of possibilities for the use of Family Art Therapy. The author, therefore, proposes a division into three main groups of problems: (1) the functioning of the family is disturbed as a result of the health condition of one of its members; most often it is a child who is experiencing severe mental disorders, e.g. schizophrenia, mood disorders, depression, suicide attempts, etc. or ADHD, ASD and neurodevelopmental disorders; (2) the functioning of the family is disturbed as a result of external conditions: a crisis situation, or domestic violence; (3) disturbances in the relationship between the parent(s) and the child. These various family problems require different techniques and exercises, which has been highlighted in the characteristics of the different ways of working with families. The article is also complemented by short descriptions of art-therapy works prepared by art therapy students, the starting point for which was the use of a diagnostic and therapeutic genogram technique for creative, artistic work and self-reflection on one’s own family. The article ends with the significant words of the precursor of Family Art Therapy, Hanna Kwiatkowska showing the value of this form of work not only for its participants but also for art therapists.
Education and Therapy Through Art in the Reality of a Post-Pandemic School
Authors: Gładkowska Eliza Kaja
Published: January 2022

The aim of the study presented in the article was to demonstrate the benefits of education and art therapy for students returning to traditional learning after the period of online education caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The article presents selected Polish and foreign studies on the relationship between the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) and psychological deterioration in schoolage children. Taking into account the probable intensification of such cases related to the widespread use of ICT in teaching during the pandemic, the need for systematic psychological support of the majority of students in the reality of the “post-pandemic school” is observed. Hence, the suggestion to introduce elements of art therapy in Polish schools. Art therapy as an activity facilitating group integration, expression of emotions and self-regulation using art and creative expression was presented as a possibility of adapting educational activities to the new challenges and needs of students. The reflections of Herbert Read, which serve as the conceptual framework for the article, indicate the interpretation of his ideas as a prototype of modern, visionary education incorporating elements akin to the purposes of art therapy.
Rare health conditions 54: arthrogryposis multiplex congenita, Edwards syndrome, and offering spiritual support
Authors: Barber Chris
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this series is to highlight a range of rare health conditions. Rare health conditions are those that affect no more and usually fewer than 1 person in every 2000 and many HCAs and nurses will encounter some of these conditions, given the high number of them. This 54th article will examine two of these conditions, arthrogryposis multiplex congenita and Edwards syndrome, along with an exploration of the idea of support staff offering spiritual support to those with rare health conditions and their families.
Cefazolin remains the linchpin for preventing acute periprosthetic joint infection following primary total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Buchalter Daniel B. , Nduaguba Afamefuna , Teo Greg M. , Kugelman David , Aggarwal Vinay K. , Long William J.
Published: January 2022

Aims

Despite recent literature questioning their use, vancomycin and clindamycin often substitute cefazolin as the preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis in primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA), especially in the setting of documented allergy to penicillin. Topical povidone-iodine lavage and vancomycin powder (VIP) are adjuncts that may further broaden antimicrobial coverage, and have shown some promise in recent investigations. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to compare the risk of acute periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) in primary TKA patients who received cefazolin and VIP to those who received a non-cephalosporin alternative and VIP.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study of 11,550 primary TKAs performed at an orthopaedic hospital between 2013 and 2019. The primary outcome was PJI occurring within 90 days of surgery. Patients were stratified into two groups (cefazolin vs non-cephalosporin) based on their preoperative antibiotic. All patients also received the VIP protocol at wound closure. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to control for potential confounders and identify the odds ratio of PJI.

Results

In all, 10,484 knees (90.8%) received cefazolin, while 1,066 knees (9.2%) received a non-cephalosporin agent (either vancomycin or clindamycin) as preoperative prophylaxis. The rate of PJI in the cefazolin group (0.5%; 48/10,484) was significantly lower than the rate of PJI in the non-cephalosporin group (1.0%; 11/1,066) (p = 0.012). After controlling for confounding variables, the odds ratio (OR) of developing a PJI was increased in the non-cephalosporin cohort compared to the cefazolin cohort (OR 2.389; 1.2 to 4.6); p = 0.01).

Conclusion

Despite the use of topical irrigant solutions and addition of local antimicrobial agents, the use of a non-cephalosporin perioperative antibiotic continues to be associated with a greater risk of TKA PJI compared to cefazolin. Strategies that increase the proportion of patients receiving cefazolin rather than non-cephalosporin alternatives must be emphasized. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2022;3(1):35–41.
TÉCNICAS DE COMUNICAÇÃO EM PROJETOS DE TI: UM ESTUDO DE CASO NO SETOR FINANCEIRO
Authors: Rezende Leandro Zocaratto , Prado Edmir Parada Vasques
Published: January 2022

A comunicação desempenha um papel importante no gerenciamento de projetos e nas relações humanas. Entretanto, muitos trabalhos acadêmicos têm destacado os problemas de comunicação com causa para insucesso de projetos. Diante desse contexto, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar as técnicas de comunicação em projetos de TI em uma instituição financeira brasileira. Para atingir esse objetivo, esta pesquisa fez uma revisão bibliográfica sobre as características e técnicas de comunicação. Esta pesquisa possui uma abordagem qualitativa, do tipo descritiva e utilizou uma estratégia ex-post-facto. Foram entrevistados 10 profissionais que atuam com projetos de TI, em uma instituição financeira de grande porte, no primeiro semestre de 2019. A pesquisa identificou as técnicas de comunicação mais usadas, as diversas motivações que levam à sua adoção, bem como seus pontos forte e fracos. Ao final, três técnicas de comunicação se destacaram: correio eletrônico, mensagens de texto e reuniões em grupo.
Informações Editoriais
Authors: G&R Editoria
Published: January 2022

informações editoriais 2021
The effect of NPK fertilizer with different dosage on the growth rate seaweed (Caulerpa racemosa)
Authors: Subur Riyadi , Irfan Muhammad , Akbar Nebuchadnezzar
Published: January 2022

NPK is a type of fertilizer that plays a role in increasing growth and survival in plants such as seaweed. This study aims to determine the effect of different NPK fertilizer doses on the growth rate of seaweed (Caulerpa racemosa), and to determine which NPK fertilizer dosage has the best effect on the growth rate of C. racemosa. Research begins with collecting samples of seaweed in coastal waters. Ternate Island District Kastela, and the cultivation process is carried out on Jalan Jan, Tabona Village, South Ternate City. The time of the research was two months from August to October, 2020. This study used 12 units of cool box in the form of cork with a size of 90 x 30 cm, which is used as a container for maintaining of C. racemosa. In each treatment using a seed weight of 50 grams. The NPK fertilizer dosage treatment tested was 4 doses, with 3 replications, namely: treatment A: 40 ml NPK fertilizer; B: 60 ml NPK fertilizer; C: 80 ml NPK fertilizer; D: 0 ml NPK fertilizer (control). Research containers using random placement. The design used was a completely randomized design (CRD), using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results obtained showed that NPK fertilizer with different doses the effect is not significantly different on the growth rate of C. racemosa with the highest average growth rate in treatment C amounting to 8.725%, followed by treatment B of 8.178%, treatment A of 7.761%, and the lowest was treatment D of 6.519%.Keywords:NPKSeaweedCaulerpa racemosaGrowth rate
Cellulase activity of bacteria isolated from water of mangrove ecosystem in Aceh Province
Authors: Dewiyanti Irma , Darmawi Darmawi , Muchlisin Zainal Abidin , Helmi Teuku Zahrial , Arisa Iko Imelda , Defira Cut Nanda , Fitriyani Fitriyani , Yura Sawva
Published: January 2022

Cellulolytic bacteria that produce cellulase enzymes play an essential role in degrading cellulose in their habitat. The presence of cellulolytic bacteria strongly supports the fertility and productivity in mangrove waters. The objectives of the study are to analyze the activity of cellulase enzyme qualitatively through the cellulolytic index and quantitatively through the activity and specific activity of the cellulase enzyme from bacteria isolated from the water of mangrove ecosystems in Aceh Province. The qualitative experiment of enzyme activity was carried out at the Microbiology laboratory SKIPM Aceh, and a quantitative experiment of enzyme activity was conducted at the Microbiology Laboratory, Biology Department, IPB. Isolation of cellulolytic bacteria isolated from mangrove water used Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (1% CMC) selective media and carried out by spread plate method. The ability of bacteria to produce cellulase was tested qualitatively using the spot technique, this test was carried out using 1% Congo Red. Furthermore, the quantitative testing of cellulase enzymes activity adopted the DNS spectrophotometric method. The specific activity of the cellulase enzyme can be determined by using the Lowry method. There were 21 isolates that had a clear zone and had the ability to produce cellulase enzymes from 49 isolates that were successfully purified. The highest cellulolytic index (CI) produced using BAM421 isolate with the value of 5.50 was included in the high category, followed by BAM326 and BAM132 isolates, with values of 1.55 and 1.05 were categorized into the medium category. The other isolates were in the low cellulolytic index category. The isolate with the highest CI value was further tested using the quantitative enzyme activity test. The highest cellulase enzyme activity of BAM421 occurred at 24hr (0.0029 U/ml). The highest specific cellulase activity of BAM421 was at 24hr with the value of 0.210 U/mg. The result concluded that the qualitative test showed CI values can be categorized into low, medium, and high. Moreover, the value of the quantitative assay described that the cellulase enzyme and the specific enzyme activities of the bacteria were low in the study area.Keywords:Cellulolytic indexQuantitative testMangrove watersCellulase enzymeMicroorganismTRANSLATE with x EnglishArabicHebrewPolishBulgarianHindiPortugueseCatalanHmong DawRomanianChinese SimplifiedHungarianRussianChinese TraditionalIndonesianSlovakCzechItalianSlovenianDanishJapaneseSpanishDutchKlingonSwedishEnglishKoreanThaiEstonianLatvianTurkishFinnishLithuanianUkrainianFrenchMalayUrduGermanMalteseVietnameseGreekNorwegianWelshHaitian CreolePersian //  TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW Back EMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster PortalBack//
The use of fish silage to increase feed efficiency and growth of grouper (Epinephelus coioides) in floating net cages
Authors: AS Agus Putra , Amin Muhammad , Baihaqi Baihaqi , Hatta Muhammad , Ayuzar Eva
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to investigate the efficiency of fish silage mixed in compounded diets on growth and survival rate of grouper (Epinephelus coioides). Grouper (2,34±0,24 cm, and 4,17±1,82 g) were divided into four groups and cultivated in 1x1x1,5 m floating net cages. Each group fed with compounded diets containing 0, 1, 3 and 5 g/kg fish silage diet twice daily. Fish were sampled for growth performances and feed efficiency at 14 days interval for 10 weeks. Results indicated that compounded diets at 1 and 3 g/kg silage affected the growth rate. Total length, specific growth rate and weight gain significantly increased in fish received 1 and 3 g/kg silage diets. The feed intake seen to be highest in groups administered 3 g/kg silage, whereas the best feed conversion ratio was found in fish fed 1 g/kg silage. Thus, this study indicated that using fish silage in compounded diets may affect feed efficiency and growth performances of grouper juveniles.Keywords:Artificial dietFeedingFish silageGrouperNet cages
Heavy metal contamination of Hg and Pb in water, sediment and Violet Batissa (Batissa violacea Lamark, 1818) meat in Teunom River, Aceh Jaya Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Fauziah Fauziah , Abdullah Abdullah , Supriatno Supriatno , Firdus Firdus , Nasir Muhammad , Mellisa Siska , Batubara Agung Setia
Published: January 2022

Violet Batissa (Batissa violacea) is an important economic organism on the west-south coast of Aceh, because it is relatively high consumed by the community. However, gold mining activities carried out around the watershed are estimated to pollute the river and cause B. violacea to also be affected. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of mercury (Hg) and Lead (Pb) contamination in clam meat in Teunom, Aceh Jaya Regency. The research was conducted from June to September 2021. Sampling of clam was done by purposive sampling method. Hg and Pb were analyzed in clam meat using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) method. The results of the analysis showed that the Hg content in clam meat was between 0.12-0.63 mg/kg (mean 0.35±0.26 mg/kg), water 0.0026-0.0103 mg/kg (mean 0.0052±0.004 mg/kg), and sediment 1.3224-3.8767 mg/kg (mean 2.2324±1.427 mg/kg). Furthermore, the results of the analysis showed that the Pb content in clam meat, water and sediment had the same value at 3 stations with values 0.0002±0 mg/kg, 0.0003±0 mg/kg, and 0.0002±0 mg/kg, respectively. The conclusion of this study is that the Hg content in water and sediment has exceeded the threshold, while the clam meat is still in good quality standards. The Pb content in clam meat, water and sediment were also in good quality standards. Based on our study, B. violacea is still safe for consumption, while the water has been polluted and is recommended not to be utilized for human consumption.Keywords:Heavy metalRiverWaterSedimentBatissa violacea
Mediating shame and pride: countermedia coverage of Independence Day in Poland and the US
Authors: Kazlauskaitė Rūta , Pyrhönen Niko , Bauvois Gwenaëlle
Published: January 2022

This article adopts a comparative qualitative approach to studying the rhetoric of injured pride in the coverage of Independence Day celebrations by the right-wing countermedia in Poland (wPolityce.pl) and the US (Breitbart News) from 2012 to 2018. In both countries, the number of countermedia articles on Independence Day proliferated in the aftermath of the election of the Law and Justice party (2015) and Donald Trump (2016). Based on the analysis of the narrative strategy for affective polarisation, we argue that the countermedia mobilise support from an electorate of ‘the disenfranchised’ by strategically invoking emotions of shame and pride. By positioning the radical right as a political force that shields ‘patriots’ from the leftist ‘pedagogy of shame’, the outlets instrumentalise the mobilising potential of shame by transforming it into righteous anger and pride. This strategy results in a mediated ‘emotional regime’ that offers guidelines for an acceptable emotional repertoire for the members of the nationally bound in-group.
Learning-based compensation of spatially varying aberrations for holographic display [Invited]
Authors: Yoo Dongheon , Nam Seung-Woo , Jo Youngjin , Moon Seokil , Lee Chang-Kun , Lee Byoungho
Published: January 2022

We propose a hologram generation technique to compensate for spatially varying aberrations of holographic displays through machine learning. The image quality of the holographic display is severely degraded when there exist optical aberrations due to misalignment of optical elements or off-axis projection. One of the main advantages of holographic display is that aberrations can be compensated for without additional optical elements. Conventionally, computer-generated holograms for compensation are synthesized through a point-wise integration method, which requires large computational loads. Here, we propose to replace the integration with a combination of fast-Fourier-transform-based convolutions and forward computation of a deep neural network. The point-wise integration method took approximately 95.14 s to generate a hologram of

1024
×
1024

p
i
x
e
l
s

, while the proposed method took about 0.13 s, which corresponds to

×
732

computation speed improvement. Furthermore, the aberration compensation by the proposed method is verified through experiments.
Characteristics of a rectangular channel sensor based on evanescent field enhanced photonic crystal fiber
Authors: Shen Tao , Liang Han , Liu Xin , Feng Yue , Xu Tao , Liu Chi , Han Wei
Published: January 2022

A miniaturized, rectangular-channel photonic crystal fiber (RC-PCF) high-sensitivity sensing scheme is proposed for high-refractive-index liquid analysis. The designed PCF is polished and features an open rectangular channel in the upper-middle part of the fiber cross-section, which facilitates the efficient flow of the sample liquid. The design utilizes the merit of photonic crystal array and the operability of external sensing. Gold is chosen as the plasma material because of its chemical stability and biocompatibility in a liquid environment. To obtain high sensitivity, the effect of the sample liquid height in the channel on the sensing performance is investigated. Numerical results show that the maximum wavelength sensitivity and amplitude sensitivity of the sensor is 28,000 nm/RIU (refractive index unit) and

−

1266.5

R
I

U

−
1

with a liquid analyte height of 100% of the channel height. The maximum wavelength sensitivity increases from 28,000 to 42,000 nm/RIU when the gold film thickness decreases from 30 nm to 20 nm. Due to the sensor’s simple structure and high sensitivity, it will have potential applications in the detection of high-refractive-index samples in biology, medicine, and chemistry.
Continuous multi-step pumping of the optical clock transition in alkaline-earth atoms with minimal perturbation
Authors: Hotter Christoph , Plankensteiner David , Kazakov Georgy , Ritsch Helmut
Published: January 2022

A suitable scheme to continuously create inversion on an optical clock transition with negligible perturbation is a key missing ingredient required to build an active optical atomic clock. Repumping of the atoms on the narrow transition typically needs several pump lasers in a multi step process involving several auxiliary levels. In general this creates large effective level shifts and a line broadening, strongly limiting clock accuracy. Here we present an extensive theoretical study for a realistic multi-level implementation in search of parameter regimes where a sufficient inversion can be achieved with minimal perturbations. Fortunately we are able to identify a useful operating regime, where the frequency shifts remain small and controllable, only weakly perturbing the clock transition for useful pumping rates. For practical estimates of the corresponding clock performance, we introduce a straightforward mapping of the multilevel pump scheme to an effective energy shift and broadening of parameters for the reduced two-level laser model system. This allows us to evaluate the resulting laser power and spectrum using well-known methods.
Oblique propagation of the squeezed states of s(p)-polarized light through non-Hermitian multilayered structures
Authors: Pilehvar Elnaz , Amooghorban Ehsan , Moravvej-Farshi Mohammad Kazem
Published: January 2022

Employing a second-quantization of the electromagnetic field in the presence of media with both gain and loss, we investigate the propagation of the squeezed coherent state of light through a dispersive non-Hermitian multilayered structure, in particular at a discrete set of frequencies for which this structure is

P
T

-symmetric. We detail and generalize this study to cover various angles of incidence and s- and p-polarizations to reveal how dispersion, gain/loss-induced noises in such multilayered structures affect nonclassical properties of the incident light, such as squeezing and sub-Poissonian statistics. Varying the loss layers’ coefficient, we demonstrate a squeezed coherent state, when transmits through the structure whose gain and loss layers have unidentical bulk permittivities, retains its nonclassical features to some extent. Our results show by increasing the number of unit cells and incident angle, the quantum features of the transmitted state for both polarizations degrade.
Compact and efficient three-mode (de)multiplexer based on horizontal polymer waveguide couplers
Authors: Zhang Ruhuan , Deng Chuanlu , Zhao Jingxuan , Zhang Fang , Huang Yi , Zhang Xiaobei , Wang Tingyun
Published: January 2022

A compact and efficient polymer three-mode (de)multiplexer with two cascaded waveguide directional couplers fabricated on the same substrate along the horizontal direction is proposed. Three waveguides formed two couplers, where two narrower waveguides were placed on either side of the central waveguide. By optimizing the core height and width, the two couplers can ensure that the

E

11

x

mode of the two narrower waveguides are highly coupled into the

E

21

x

and

E

31

x

modes of the central waveguide at a wavelength of 1310 nm. The structural size of the fabricated three-mode (de)multiplexer using ultraviolet (UV) lithography technology is in agreement with the designed value. The fabricated device, which is 35 mm long, exhibits coupling ratios of 98.07% and 95.43% for the two couplers, respectively. The insertion losses of the three waveguides are 5.23 dB, 8.58 dB, and 14.39 dB, respectively. The device can achieve the multiplexing of three modes in two dimensions, which can increase the channel capacity of optical communication.
Near-infrared ITO-based photonic hypercrystals with large angle-insensitive bandgaps
Authors: Shen Ke-Sheng , Li Xin-Kai , Zheng Yun , Liu Hong-Chao , Dong Shi-Qing , Zhang Jun , Xia Shi-Qiang , Dong Chao , Sun Xiao-Long , Zhang Xian-Zhou , Xue Chun-Hua , Lu Hai
Published: January 2022

The angle-sensitive photonic bandgap (PBG) is one of the typical features of one-dimensional photonic crystals. Based on the phase-variation compensation effect between the dielectric and hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs), angle-insensitive PBGs can be realized in photonic hypercrystals. However, since hypercrystals are usually constructed using metal components, these angle-insensitive PBGs are mostly limited to narrow bandwidths in visible range. Here, we replace metal with indium tin oxide (ITO) to construct HMMs in the near-infrared range. In these ITO-based HMMs, we experimentally demonstrate the negative refraction of light in transverse magnetic polarization. With this HMM component, we realize a photonic hypercrystal with an angle-insensitive PBG in the wavelength range of 1.15–2.02 µm. These ITO-based hypercrystals with large angle-insensitive PBGs can find applications in near-infrared reflectors or filters.
On-chip ytterbium-doped lithium niobate microdisk lasers with high conversion efficiency
Authors: Luo Qiang , Yang Chen , Hao Zhenzhong , Zhang Ru , Ma Rui , Zheng Dahuai , Liu Hongde , Yu Xuanyi , Gao Feng , Bo Fang , Kong Yongfa , Zhang Guoquan , Xu Jingjun
Published: January 2022

Integrated optical systems based on lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) have attracted the interest of researchers. Recently, erbium-doped LNOI lasers have been realized. However, the reported lasers have a relatively lower conversion efficiency and only operate in the 1550 nm band. In this paper, we demonstrate an LNOI laser operating in the 1060 nm band based on a high Q factor ytterbium-doped LNOI microdisk cavity. The threshold and the conversion efficiency of the laser are 21.19 µW and 1.36%, respectively. To our knowledge, the conversion efficiency is the highest among the reported rare-earth-doped LNOI lasers. This research extends the operating band of LNOI lasers and shows the potential in realizing high-power LNOI lasers.
Low-voltage-driven liquid crystal scattering-controllable device based on defects from rapidly varying boundary
Authors: Yuan Yide , Xie Jin , Ma Yongziyan , Luo Dan , Fan Fan , Wen Shuangchun
Published: January 2022

In this work, we disclose a method to fabricate an electronically tunable liquid crystal (LC) device that can switch between scattering and transparent state. The light scattering domain is attributed to defects from a rapidly varying boundary based on planar random photo-alignment. Distinct from the LC/polymer composite or haze-control LC elements based on patterned electrodes or a well-designed mask, there is no requirement for a complicated process or other auxiliary additives, as only positive dielectric nematic LCs are required. The device exhibits low driving voltage, small power consumption, and good ability to hide images, where the transparent state only needs a supply of 10 Vrms to offer 7.8% of haze, while with 1.1 Vrms, the device provides 58.7% of haze. The good performance and simple fabrication process reveal enormous promising applications in energy-conservation building, privacy protection, and transparent display.
Enlarged range of measurement method with strong noise resistance for dual-wavelength digital holography: erratum
Authors: Li Tuo , Tao Ye , Dong Jun , Zhang Qian , Wang Shuai , Shi Yishi
Published: January 2022

We present an erratum to our Letter [Opt. Lett.
46, 4694 (2021)10.1364/OL.432135]. This
erratum corrects an unintended error in the labels of
Figs. 5(h)–5(j). The corrections have no influence on the
results and conclusions of the original Letter.
Preparation of infrared axial gradient refractive index lens based on powder stacking and the sintering thermal diffusion method
Authors: Zhang Chunqiu , Gui Yiming , Xia Kelun , Jia Guang , Liu Cuiping , Zhang Jingwei , Li Jialin , Yang Zhiyong , Liu Zijun , Shen Xiang
Published: January 2022

The gradient refractive index (GRIN) lens is widely used in the visible band, but it is still elusive in the infrared band. In this paper, we propose a new method of fabricating chalcogenide GRIN by spark plasma sintering (SPS) technology based on powder stacking and sintering thermal diffusion. We replaced Se in Ge11.5As24Se64.5 glass with S and prepared several Ge11.5As24Se(64.5-x)Sx glasses as infrared transmission GRIN materials. The maximum refractive index difference (Δn) of the matrix glass is 0.18. The effects of heat treatment temperature and time on diffusion depth and concentration-dependent thermal diffusion coefficient were investigated. The diffusion depth of 100 µm was demonstrated under the condition of 400 °C-48 h by this method. The thickness of the glass layer can be well controlled by powder stacking. The obtained GRIN glass is highly transparent in the near- and mid-infrared wavelength region.
Broadly tunable lens-coupled nonlinear quantum cascade lasers in the sub-THz to THz frequency range
Authors: Fujita Kazuue , Hayashi Shohei , Ito Akio , Dougakiuchi Tatsuo , Hitaka Masahiro , Nakanishi Atsushi
Published: January 2022

Room-temperature terahertz (THz) quantum cascade laser sources with intracavity difference-frequency nonlinear mixing are electrically pumped monolithic semiconductor laser sources operating in the 0.6–6 THz spectral range. We report widely tunable, low-frequency THz quantum cascade laser sources using a lens-coupled Cherenkov waveguide scheme. Based on a watt-class high-power,

λ
∼
13.7
  
μm

quantum cascade laser, the monolithic THz source is strongly coupled with a high-resistivity silicon lens, which causes a major increase in the THz coupling efficiency and demonstrates significant performance improvements. A room-temperature 1.5 THz device produces a 0.2 mW peak output power with a high-quality beam pattern. Improved THz outcoupling efficiency using the lens-coupled scheme enabled the demonstration of a high-performance external-cavity semiconductor THz source that is tunable from 420 GHz to 2 THz. The external-cavity, lens-coupled device configuration can technically be assembled into a butterfly-style package for a thumb-sized, widely frequency tunable THz semiconductor source.
A systematic review of methodological approaches for evaluating real-world effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines: Advising resource-constrained settings
Authors: Teerawattananon Yot , Anothaisintawee Thunyarat , Pheerapanyawaranun Chatkamol , Botwright Siobhan , Akksilp Katika , Sirichumroonwit Natchalaikorn , Budtarad Nuttakarn , Isaranuwatchai Wanrudee
Published: January 2022

Real-world effectiveness studies are important for monitoring performance of COVID-19 vaccination programmes and informing COVID-19 prevention and control policies. We aimed to synthesise methodological approaches used in COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness studies, in order to evaluate which approaches are most appropriate to implement in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). For this rapid systematic review, we searched PubMed and Scopus for articles published from inception to July 7, 2021, without language restrictions. We included any type of peer-reviewed observational study measuring COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness, for any population. We excluded randomised control trials and modelling studies. All data used in the analysis were extracted from included papers. We used a standardised data extraction form, modified from STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE). Study quality was assessed using the REal Life EVidence AssessmeNt Tool (RELEVANT) tool. This study is registered with PROSPERO, CRD42021264658. Our search identified 3,327 studies, of which 42 were eligible for analysis. Most studies (97.5%) were conducted in high-income countries and the majority assessed mRNA vaccines (78% mRNA only, 17% mRNA and viral vector, 2.5% viral vector, 2.5% inactivated vaccine). Thirty-five of the studies (83%) used a cohort study design. Across studies, short follow-up time and limited assessment and mitigation of potential confounders, including previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and healthcare seeking behaviour, were major limitations. This review summarises methodological approaches for evaluating real-world effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines and highlights the lack of such studies in LMICs, as well as the importance of context-specific vaccine effectiveness data. Further research in LMICs will refine guidance for conducting real-world COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness studies in resource-constrained settings.