bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hydrogen Tunneling and Conformational Motions in Nonadiabatic Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer between Interfacial Tyrosines in Ribonucleotide Reductase
Authors: Zhong Jiayun , Zhu Qiwen , Soudackov Alexander , Hammes-Schiffer Sharon
Published: December 2024

Ribonucleotide reductase is essential for DNA synthesis and repair in all living organisms. The mechanism of E. coli RNR requires long-range radical transport through a proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) pathway spanning two different protein subunits. Herein, the direct PCET reaction between the interfacial tyrosine residues, Y356 and Y731, is investigated with a vibronically nonadiabatic theory that treats the transferring proton and all electrons quantum mechanically. The input quantities to the PCET rate constant expression are computed with a combination of density functional theory and molecular dynamics simulations. The calculations highlight the importance of hydrogen tunneling in this PCET reaction. Compression of the distance between the proton donor and acceptor oxygen atoms of the interfacial tyrosine residues is essential to facilitate hydrogen tunneling by increasing the overlap between the reactant and product proton vibrational wavefunctions. This compression occurs by thermal conformational fluctuations of these interfacial tyrosine residues. N733 and R411 are identified as key residues that can hydrogen bond to Y731 and Y356, respectively, and thereby compete with the hydrogen-bonding interaction between Y731 and Y356 required for direct PCET. Understanding the roles of hydrogen tunneling and conformational motions in this interfacial PCET reaction, as well as identifying other residues that may impact the kinetics, is important for targeted protein engineering efforts to modulate RNR activity.
Enhancement of Photoluminescence Quantum Yield of Silver Clusters by Heavy Atom Effect
Authors: Akiyama Aoi , Hossain Sakiat , Niihori Yoshiki , Oiwa Kazutaka , Roy Jayoti , Kawawaki Tokuhisa , Pradeep Thalappil , Negishi Yuichi
Published: December 2024

Many ligand-protected metal clusters exhibit phosphorescence at room temperature. However, strategies for improving their phosphorescence quantum yield, a critical parameter of performance, remain poorly developed. In contrast, fluorescent dyes are commonly modified by introducing heavy atoms, such as iodine (I), to enhance intersystem crossing in the excited state, thereby harnessing the heavy atom effect to increase phosphorescence efficiency. In this study, we successfully synthesized a pair of ligand-protected silver (Ag) clusters with internal cavities encapsulating anions (Xz−), namely sulfide ions (S2−) or iodide ions (I−), which significantly differ in atomic number each other. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed that the resulting Ag clusters were composed of X@Ag54S20(thiolate)20(sulfonate)m, where (X, m) = (S, 12) or (I, 11). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the Ag atoms in these compounds exhibit a mixed-valence state. Furthermore, experiments on their photoluminescence revealed that a heavy central anion induced an internal heavy-atom effect similar to that observed in organic fluorescent dyes. As a result, the phosphorescence quantum yield became 16 times higher when S2− was replaced by I− as the central atom.
A perspective on the reaction mechanisms of CO2 electrolysis
Authors: Seger Brian , Kastlunger Georg , Bagger Alexander , Scott Soren
Published: December 2024

In this work we analyze the current state of CO2 electrolysis and give our best analysis of what we believe is the most dominant mechanism for all predominant products in CO2 electrolysis. We draw on both computational and experimental literature to develop conclusions for C1 and C2 products. From this, we develop a set of self-consistent mechanistic rules. As the volume of literature on the mechanism towards C3 products is substantially smaller than on C1 and C2 products, these rules help us in evaluating mechanistic routes towards C3 products. While these mechanistic routes are speculative, it does give us a point of reference that can be modified in the future based on further developments in the field.
Genetic modulation of RNA splicing rescues BRCA2 function in mutant cells
Authors: Lima Beatriz Anjo , Pais Ana Carolina , Dupont Juliette , Dias Patrícia , Custódio Noélia , Sousa Ana Berta , Carmo-Fonseca Maria , Carvalho Célia
Published: December 2024

Variants in the hereditary cancer-associatedBRCA1andBRCA2genes can alter RNA splicing, producing transcripts that encode internally truncated yet potentially functional proteins. However, few studies have quantitatively analyzed variant-specific splicing isoforms. Here, we investigated cells heterozygous and homozygous for theBRCA2:c.681+5G>C variant. Using droplet digital RT–PCR, we identified two variant-specific mRNA isoforms. The predominant transcript is out-of-frame, contains a premature termination codon, and is degraded via the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay pathway. In addition, we detected a novel minor isoform encoding an internally truncated protein lacking non-essential domains. Homozygous mutant cells expressed low levels of BRCA2 protein and were defective in DNA repair. Using CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, we induced the production of in-frame transcripts in mutant cells, which resulted in increased protein expression, enhanced RAD51 focus formation, and reduced chromosomal breaks after exposure to genotoxic agents. Our findings highlight the therapeutic potential of splicing modulation to restore BRCA2 function in mutant cells, offering a promising strategy to prevent cancer development.
Enhanced U-Net architecture with CNN backbone for accurate segmentation of skin lesions in dermoscopic images
Authors: Aqthobirrobbany Aqil , Al-Fahsi Resha Dwika Hefni , Soesanti Indah , Nugroho Hanung Adi
Published: December 2024

Addressing the critical public health challenge of skin cancer, particularly melanoma and non-melanoma, this study focuses on enhancing early diagnosis through improved automatic segmentation of skin lesions in dermoscopic images. The researchers propose an optimized U-Net architecture that integrates advanced convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with backbone models such as ResNet50, VGG16, and MobileNetV2, specifically designed to handle the inherent variability and artifacts in dermoscopic imagery. The method's effectiveness was validated using the ISIC-2018 dataset, and our U-Net model incorporating the VGG16 backbone achieved notable improvements in segmentation accuracy, demonstrating an accuracy rate of 0.93. These results signify significant enhancements over existing methods, emphasizing the potential of the proposed approach in aiding precise skin cancer diagnosis and detection. This study makes a valuable contribution to dermatological imaging by presenting an advanced method that substantially boosts the accuracy of skin lesion segmentation, addressing a crucial need in public health.
Computer-aided pulmonary disease diagnosis using lung ultrasound video
Authors: Bahri Saeful , Suprijanto Suprijanto , Juliastuti Endang
Published: December 2024

The development of a machine learning-based computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system implemented for processing lung ultrasound images will greatly assist doctors in making decisions in diagnosing lung diseases. The learning method of the classifier model used in the computer-aided diagnosis system will affect the system's accuracy in diagnosing lung disease. Determining variables in the classifier and image pre-processing stages requires special attention to obtain a highly accurate classifier model. This study presents the development of a machine learning-based CAD as an add-on tool to classify lung disease based on a lung ultrasound (LUS) video. The main steps in this study are capturing the LUS videos and converting them into images, image pre-processing for speckle noise removal, image contrast and brightness enhancement, feature extraction, and the classification stage. In this study, three learning algorithm models, namely Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and Naïve Bayes (NB), were used to classify images into three categories, namely healthy conditions, pneumonia, and COVID-19.  The performance of the three classifier models is compared to each other to obtain the best classifier model. The experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the suggested strategy utilizing the SVM classifier. Based on experimental data using 2,149 lung images for three classes and 20 texture feature sets, the SVM has an accuracy of 98.1%, the KNN is 94.7%, and the Gaussian NB is 79.6%. The model with the highest accuracy will be used to develop the computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system.
Computation of spatial error model with matrix exponential spatial specification approach
Authors: Marsono Marsono , Setiawan Setiawan , Kuswanto Heri
Published: December 2024

In spatial regression analysis, we not only consider the internal factors of a location, but also take into account the spatial factors that may affect the relationship. The model of spatial dependence between regions caused by unknown factors or errors is known as the Spatial Error Model (SEM). In its application to large datasets, SEM suffers from several problems in parameter estimation and computational time. One of the methods to solve this problem is to use Matrix Exponential Spatial Specification (MESS). The purpose of this research is to find another alternative to modeling data containing spatial autocorrelation errors as a substitute for SEM. MESS(0,1) is named as an alternative model to SEM. With the advantage of MESS features, the MESS(0,1) model is expected to be faster in analytics and computation compared to SEM when using Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the MESS (0,1) model as an alternative to SEM using MLE based on simulation studies and real data analysis. Simulation studies were conducted by generating data from small samples to large samples and then estimating parameters with the MESS(0,1) and SEM models. Then we compared the performance of the two models with the time used during estimation and the root mean square error (RMSE). In addition, it is applied to real data, namely Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) data. The real data used is the GRDP of the construction category on Java Island in 2021. This is in line with the massive infrastructure development as a government program. The independent variables used and considered influential on the GRDP of the construction sector are domestic investment, foreign investment, labor, and wages. Based on the simulation study results, the computation time for estimating the parameters of MESS(0,1) is faster than the SEM model. In addition, in terms of accuracy, the RMSE indicator shows MESS(0,1) is more accurate than the SEM. In addition, the MESS(0,1) and SEM models were applied to the real data. The modeling real data results show that all variables have a significant positive effect on GRDP in the construction category.
An individualized approach to the treatment of affective disorders in the comorbidity of post-traumatic stress disorder and traumatic brain injury
Authors: Smashna O.Ye.
Published: December 2024

Background. Affective disorders are among the most prevalent psychopathological manifestations in veterans with comorbid traumatic brain injury (TBI) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). These conditions profoundly impact the quality of life, cognitive function, and social integration of those affected.

Purpose. The objective of this study is to examine the psychopathological structure of affective disorders in veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), and comorbid conditions. This will be achieved by utilizing the 4DSQ scales to assess the psychopathological structure of affective disorders and the WHODAS 2.0 scale to evaluate the functional activity level. Additionally, the study will analyze the dynamics of affective symptoms after combined therapy.

Materials and Methods. Study was conducted on 329 veterans, comprising 109 with PTSD, 112 with mild TBI (mTBI), and 108 with comorbid PTSD and TBI. We assessed disability level using WHODAS 2.0 ver 12. The severity of clinical symptoms was evaluated using the Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire (4DSQ). To assess cases of traumatic brain injury throughout the life course, the Boston Assessment of Traumatic Brain Injury-Life (BAT-L) semi-structured interview was utilized. All patients were prescribed an eight-week comprehensive course of therapy, which consisted of standardized treatment by unified protocols for PTSD and mild TBI (mTBI). The therapy included psychotherapeutic methods such as psychoeducational sessions, motivational interviewing elements, as well as acceptance and commitment therapy, in conjunction with transcranial DC stimulation for the treatment of PTSD.

Results. The results of the study demonstrate a significant correlation between the 4DSQ and WHODAS 2.0 scores in veterans with PTSD, but not in those with mTBI. In veterans with PTSD, correlations were identified between somatoform symptoms and cognitive function as well as between self-care and general health. Following the implementation of therapy, these relationships transformed, giving rise to the emergence of new correlations, particularly between anxiety symptoms and social activity. Veterans with TBI did not demonstrate statistically significant correlations, indicating that there is no statistically significant relationship between symptoms and disabilities. Veterans with comorbid PTSD and TBI exhibited a decline in cognitive function when they were experiencing increased distress.

Conclusions. In veterans with PTSD, there is a close relationship between mental and physical functioning, which changes after therapy, as anxiety symptoms begin to dominate. In contrast, veterans with mTBI do not exhibit such connections, which may indicate alternative mechanisms of adaptation or manifestations of affective disorders.
Morphological and morphometric features of fat tissue in rats with the development of chronic inflammation against the background of the metabolic syndrome
Authors: Kuzmina I.Yu. , Kuzmina O.O.
Published: December 2024

Background. Obesity in rodents is considered as an increase in body weight due to fat depots when they are given a high-fat diet, which contributes to an increase in the internal body weight. Modeling of metabolic syndrome (MS) was carried out on white female rats, aged 5–6 months, to determine morphological and morphometric changes in adipose tissue and to establish the relationship with the development of chronic inflammation.

Purpose of the work is to study the morphological and morphometric features of adipose tissue in obesity in rats, to establish a relationship with markers of systemic inflammation, the level of leptin and pro-inflammatory cytokines in blood serum in metabolic syndrome.

Materials and Methods. The research was conducted on 30 white female rats of the WAG / G Sto population, aged 5–6 months. For MC modeling, rats were divided into 2 groups: main (20 rats) and control (10 rats). Morphological and morphometric study of adipocytes was performed to quantitatively assess the state of adipose tissue. The concentration of cytokines and leptin in blood serum was determined by enzyme immunoassay. To confirm the development of MS in the animals of the main group, body weight, concentration of glucose, insulin, triglycerides, total blood cholesterol (ТBH), low- and high-density lipoproteins (LDL, HDL), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were evaluated.

Results. Morphological and morphometric studies of adipose tissue confirm a change in the mass of adipose tissue due to the size of fat cells – hypertrophy of adipocytes. Metabolic markers of the metabolic syndrome are a specific adipokine – leptin, the concentration of which in blood serum characterizes the degree of its hormonal activity. It has been proven that an increase in leptin level in MS is not only a symptom that characterizes the functional state of adipose tissue, but also determines the spontaneous production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the blood and is pathogenetically interconnected with the development of non-differentiated chronic inflammation.

Conclusions. The morphological and morphometric study of the increase in the volume density of adipocytes, the size of their diameter and the number of infiltrates corresponds to the statement about inflammation of adipose tissue in the main group of rats. A change in the cytokine profile in the blood serum of rats can be not only a marker of the development of this type of adipose tissue inflammation, but also a prognostic sign of the effectiveness of the treatment of metabolic syndrome Key words: Metabolic syndrome, obesity, morphological and morphometric mechanisms, leptin, adipocytes, hypertrophic processes.
Cytokine production activity in persons with infectious mononucleosis in relationship with status of immunity to diphtheria and tetanus
Authors: Liadova T.I. , Popova A.M.
Published: December 2024

Background. Over the past 10 years, the infection rate of the population with EBV in the world has increased several times and varies from 90 to 100%. EBV infection can cause immunodeficiency and suppress specific immunity. The processes of antibody formation are controlled by the immune system both through direct contact of T- and B-cells and through the production of cytokines.

Purpose – of the work was to study the activity of blood lymphocytes to produce cytokines that regulate the processes of antibody formation in people who have contracted infectious mononucleosis.

Materials and Methods. The activity of lymphocytes in vitro culture, the production of cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-15, IL-21, IL-23) was studied in persons who had an IM compared to those who did not have a protective level of antibodies against diphtheria and tetanus (19 people – 1 group) and in people who have a protective level of antibodies against these infections (26 people – 2 group). The control group consisted of 20 people. The age of the examinees was 18–25 years. The level of cytokines in the culture medium was measured by ELISA. Spontaneous production of cytokines, induced by FHA and the potential of lymphocytes to produce cytokines were determined.

Results. It was established that compared to individuals of group 2 and the control group, the ability of lymphocytes to produce IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-15, IL-21, and IL-23 and increased production of IL-10 was reduced in individuals of group 1, and there is also an imbalance between cytokines with an activating and suppressing effect on the processes of antibody formation.

Conclusions. T-dependent cytokine mechanisms of control and regulation of antibody formation are disrupted under the influence of EBV infection in the immune system. EBV infection suppresses the potential of T-lymphocytes to produce basic cytokines by regulating the activity of B-lymphocytes. The lack of a protective level of antibodies against diphtheria and tetanus in people who have contracted infectious mononucleosis is associated with a decrease in the potential of lymphocytes to produce cytokines and an imbalance in the cytokine network.
ПОРТАЛ АИП ИКП (FUSIONSPACE.RU) ДЛЯ ИНФОРМАЦИОННОГО ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ УЧАСТНИКОВ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ В ОБЛАСТИ УПРАВЛЯЕМОГО ТЕРМОЯДЕРНОГО СИНТЕЗА
Authors: Семенов Е. В. , Вишня А. С. , Лебедева А. В. , Гусев Д. М. , Семенов О. И. , Миронова Е. Ю. , Портоне С. С.
Published: December 2024

В ходе научных исследований в области управляемого термоядерного синтеза сегодня в России используется ряд электрофизических установок и стендов. Данные научные исследования имеют большое значение для развития национальной программы по физике плазмы и в активных фазах их проведения требуют как современных средств их автоматизированной информационной поддержки (например, обеспечения своевременного регламентированного доступа к вычислительным средствам для проведения расчетов), так и наличия единой площадки для взаимодействия с коллегами в рамках общей новостной, нормативно-справочной, событийной и иных тематических повесток. Таким образом, крайне актуальной является задача создания единых, современных, унифицированных программных средств, которые обеспечили бы возможность оперативного обмена информацией по тематикам исследований через веб-интерфейс. В России разрабатывается уникальная отечественная аппаратно-инфраструктурная платформа информационно-коммуникационного пространства (АИП ИКП, включающая в себя ряд функциональных возможностей для получения данных из источников (установок и стендов), их отображения и анализа. В данной работе рассмотрена задача создания портала информационного обмена как единого интерфейса взаимодействия участников УТС-сообщества в рамках АИП ИКП (FusionSpace.RU). Были определены основные задачи, архитектура, а также выбраны и апробированы технологии их реализации. Рассмотренные решения обеспечивают возможность информационного взаимодействия участников УТС-сообщества России в рамках АИП ИКП. Сформированы выводы по результатам проведенной работы.
Parenting Style and Stimulation of Psychosocial Development on the Psychosocial Development of Pre-School Children with Stunting
Authors: Nurhayati Risa , Rukmawati Sefrina , Utami Rahayu Budi , Nurmalita Deppi , Rahma Paradita Ayu
Published: December 2024

Stunting is a condition of impaired growth in children under five caused by chronic malnutrition, particularly within the first 1,000 days of life, resulting in children being too short for their age. This issue is crucial because stunting also impacts children's motor skills and psychosocial development. The problem of malnutrition predominantly occurs in developing countries, where approximately 80% of stunted children are found in 24 countries across Asia and Africa. Indonesia has the highest prevalence, followed by India, China, Nigeria, and Pakistan. This study analyzes the influence of parenting styles and psychosocial stimulation on preschool-aged children experiencing stunting development. The research design uses an analytical observational method with a cross-sectional approach. The study sample consists of stunted children aged 3-6 years and their parents in Nganjuk Regency, totaling 150 respondents. Sampling was conducted purposively, and data were collected through the PSDQ questionnaire for parenting style, the EC HOME for psychosocial stimulation, and the KMME for psychosocial development. Multiple linear regression analysis was employed, with a significance level of (α=0.05). The analysis results indicate a significant effect of psychosocial stimulation on the psychosocial development of stunted children, with a p-value of 0.001≤α=0.05. Responsive parenting and active parent-child interaction are crucial in supporting children's development. Therefore, it is essential to improve children's nutritional status through proper caregiving approaches to ensure they grow with normal nutritional status and achieve optimal development in the future.
Biofilm as a supracellular organization of pathogenic bacteria
Authors: Kuzminov B.P. , Mazhak K.D.
Published: December 2024

The high frequency of resistance to antibiotics among bacterial clinical isolates necessitates the discovery of new targets for suppressing the pathogenicity of microbes without stimulating their resistance. The studied sources suggest that this can be achieved by targeting the determinants of virulence. The search for new active substances with anti-biofilm activity based on the analysis of literature data on the structure of bacterial biofilms, mechanisms of their resistance to antimicrobial agents was the purpose of this work. An electronic search was conducted in Medline (PubMed interface), Scopus, and Web of Science between 2011 and July, 2024 using the keywords: biofilms, antibiotic resistance, Quorum sensing, persisters. 30 sources were selected, 85 were processed. The subject of the search was: microbial landscape of hospital strains of microorganisms, biofilm formation by microorganisms – pathogens of infectious diseases, regulation of virulence factors in bacterial biofilm. Studies of recent years have established that many pathogenic bacteria produce signal molecules for cellular communication. This signaling system is called Quorum sensing (QS) and it depends on the density of the bacterial population and is mediated by signaling molecules called pheromones or autoinducers (AI). Bacteria use QS to regulate activities and behavior including competence, conjugation, symbiosis, virulence, motility, sporulation, antibiotic production and biofilm formation. Researches aimed at bacterial communicative signals and suppressing QS demonstrate a fundamental approach to forming competitive microbial communication. The search, synthesis, and development of drugs based on modified autoinducers of various natures can lead to a breakthrough in the field of antibacterial therapy of infectious diseases, as well as surgical purulent postoperative complications. The pro­cessed literature describes a number of hypotheses regarding the participation of "toxin-antitoxin" systems that control the growth and metabolism of bacteria in the stimulation of the formation of persister cells. The simultaneous acquisition of resistance to many antibacterial factors, including physico-chemical ones, is suggested. Therefore, there is an increased attention of scientists to the study of the anti-biofilm effect of new compounds and drugs capable of influencing energy or metabolic processes in cells, as well as substances that do not require a metabolically active target. The review illustrates general modern approaches to the use of QS chains in pathogenic bacteria as new therapeutic targets.
Disability of military personnel in Ukraine for 2014-2022
Authors: Khanyukova I.Y. , Hondulenko N.O. , Sanina N.A.
Published: December 2024

In connection with the military operations in our country, initially in the form of the Anti-Terrorist Operation (ATO), 2018 – the Joint Forces Operation (JFO), and from February 24, 2022 in the form of a large-scale invasion of the RF (Russian Federation), which led to changes in the life of the entire country, there was a need for new approaches to medical and social examination and collection of statistical information on disability and rehabilitation of military personnel. The study aims to investigate the dynamics and features of military personnel's disabilities from 2014 to 2022. By the method of a continuous sample of all participants of ATO/JFO in Ukraine examined for the first time by medical and social expert commissions of Ukraine from 2014 to 2022 (a total of 40,209 cases) was conducted. For that, the study's authors developed a separate form of statistical reporting, entitled: "Report on the causes of disability, indications for medical, professional and social rehabilitation of ATO participants for _____ year." Generally accepted methods of mathematical descriptive statistics were used for processing. Up to and including 2019, there was an annual increase in the level of primary disability among ATO/JFO participants despite the downward trend in disability rates in Ukraine as a whole. In 2020, the level of disability of ATO/JFO participants decreased slightly, but in 2021 and 2022, it increased again. According to the severity of disability, persons with disabilities of the third group prevailed (59.9% of those examined). More than half of those first recognized as disabled were identified as such not due to traumatic injuries but for other reasons, mainly due to cardiovascular diseases (32.4%). Brain traumas and traumatic injuries of the limbs prevailed among the injuries. As for rehabilitation services, the most requested were medical services, including restorative treatment, reconstructive surgery, and orthotics. The rate of primary disability of servicemen between 2014 and 2022 gradually increased, with a slight “dip” in 2020, and given the intensity of hostilities, further increases in the number of persons with war-related disabilities can be predicted. According to the structure of disability groups, most military personnel are persons with disabilities of the third group (58.8%). Most identified as disabled (62.5%) received disabilities because of diseases, not traumas. The leading causes of non-traumatic disability among military personnel are cardiovascular diseases (32.4%), musculoskeletal diseases (8.7%), and mental and behavioral disorders (8.3%).
Structure of mycoses of the skin and its appendices in HIV-infected patients
Authors: Moskaliuk V.D. , Kravchuk I.I. , Randiuk Yu.O. , Balaniuk I.I.
Published: December 2024

The spread of HIV infection is one of the most pressing problems of modern health care. The purpose of the work is to analyze the structure of the disease on the surface of the skin and its appendages by the nosological forms in HIV-infected persons and to establish a possible correlation between the presence of fungal lesions. The data obtained from 801 patients who sought medical help at the «Chernivtsi Regional Medical Center for Socially Significant Diseases» for the period from 2018 to 2023 were analyzed. The diagnosis of HIV infection was established according to the International Classification of Diseases of the 10th revision (ICD-10) and verified by the detection of specific serological and molecular biological markers of HIV. Mycological examination included micro­scopy of pathological material and cultural diagnosis. Analysing the structure of the disease it was found that skin mycoses and its appendages were detected in 334 (41,7%) HIV-infected patients. The main part of such patients – 237 (71%) – did not receive antiretroviral therapy (ART). Accordingly, dermatomycosis was detected in only 97 people (29%) who were adherent to ART. The relative risk method confirms the assessment of the effect of ART on the frequency of combined forms of mycosis – RR=0.608, which indicates the obvious rarity of the event (mycosis of the skin and its appendages), compared to the group that did not receive ART. A statistically significant direct relationship was established between the presence of a fungal skin lesion and its applications and indicators of HIV load in the blood – r=0.421...0.460 at p<0.001, as well as the duration of HIV infection – r=0.573...0.611 at p<0.01 . In addition, there is a clear positive correlation of medium strength between the duration of HIV infection and the level of viremia – r=0.388...0.427 at p<0.01, as well as an inverse weak relationship with the number of CD4+-lymphocytes – r=-0.105. ..-0.204 at p<0.05. The number of CD4+-lymphocytes was expected to be in an inverse correlation of medium strength with the HIV load (r=-0.618...-0.682, p<0.01). The relative risk of the development of mycoses of the skin and its applications in HIV-infected patients under the condition of antiretroviral therapy is only 0.262 (0.225-0.298), which indicates an obvious rarity of the event, compared to the group that did not receive antiretroviral therapy. The majority of HIV-infected patients (62.3%) have a combination of several nosological forms of mycosis of the skin and its applications. A strong inverse relationship between the probability of developing combined forms of mycoses and receiving antiretroviral therapy was revealed – r=-0.719...-0.806 at p<0.001. In the absence of antiretroviral therapy, a statistically significant direct relationship was established between the presence of fungal lesions of the skin and its appendages and indicators of HIV load in the blood, as well as the duration of HIV infection.
CONSERVACIÓN Y CALIDAD DE SITIO DEL BOSQUE MESÓFILO Y DE PINO-ENCINO EN LA ZONA DE PROTECCIÓN DE LA CIUDAD DE URUAPAN, MICH., MÉXICO
Authors: Córdova Juvenal Esquivel , Sánchez Rosa Elena Pérez , Hernández José Antonio Chávez , García Georgina Farfán , Muñoz Juvenal Roberto Esquivel
Published: December 2024

Objetivos: Los objetivos fueron evaluar el grado de conservación de la biodiversidad de la vegetación y condiciones de salud de los estratos arbóreos y determinar la calidad de sitio de los bosques mesófilo de montaña y de pino-encino.
 
Marco Teórico: Los bosques de estudio se localizan al norte de la ciudad de Uruapan, Michoacán, en la Zona Protectora Forestal Vedada de 1937, en 154.32 hectáreas. Su importancia radica por las funciones como bienes y servicios ecosistémicos, el amortiguamiento y captación del agua de lluvia, protección al suelo, generación de oxígeno y recreación. La degradación ocurre por incendios, clandestinaje, erosión del suelo, plagas y enfermedades Esquivel, (2017b; 2018c).
 
Método: Se realizó muestreo estratificado con intensidad del 2.5%, utilizando índices de biodiversidad (Margalef, Shannon, Simpson), dominancia sociológica de Peder Braathe y modelos matemáticos para evaluar condiciones dasométricas y epidométricas.
 
Resultados y Discusión: Los bosques contienen mezclas de géneros Pinus, Quercus, Abies, Cupressus, Carpinus, Clethra, Arbutus, Cornus, Fraxinus, Garria, Dendropanax, Oreopanax, Inga, Symplocus y Laurus, con 38 especies de barrancas, laderas y parteaguas. Las Unidad Mínima de Manejo (UMM) presentan en promedio 38 años de edad, volumen de 175.032 m³ ha⁻¹, tiempo de paso de 8 años, y 62.5% de salud general, la mayor densidad volumétrica la presentan las UMM 3, 5, 7 y 15.
 
Implicancias de la Investigación: Los resultados destacan la necesidad de medidas de manejo sostenible para conservar los servicios ecosistémicos esenciales y mitigar los factores que están provocando la degradación.
 
Originalidad/Valor: Este estudio aporta un análisis integral del estado de conservación del área como zona protegida, utilizando enfoques cuantitativos y cualitativos.
Rural Tourism As Promoter of Rural Development: A Conceptual Overview
Authors: Sert Ayşe Nevin
Published: December 2024

Economic, social and technological developments in recent years have led to significantchangesand transformationsin the tourism sector.There has been a growing interest in alternative tourism types such as rural tourism.This form of tourism is becoming increasingly popular as it offers an escape from urban life and allows people to reconnect with nature. Furhermore itis accepted that rural tourism is an important tool for socio-economic development and regeneration in rural areas where the economic return of agricultural activities is decreasing. The aim of the study is to explore the role of rural tourism in rural development and to provide recommendations for its more effective use.Preservation of cultural heritage, maintaining the unique natural features of rural regions and keeping traditional handicrafts alive are important for the development of rural tourism.
Transformational Leadership and Organizational Condition as Antecedents of Job Satisfaction and Employee Performance : A Case of Graha Power Kaltim Bontang Company, Indonesia
Authors: Sugiarto Meilan , Patasik Christina , Utomo Hastho Joko Nur , Heriyanto Meyzi
Published: December 2024

Antecedents that affect employee performance and job satisfaction need to be known to help organizations more intensely maintain and improve employee performance and job satisfaction in the long run. This study examines how the synergistic relationship between transformational leadership, work environment, and organizational communication as antecedents of job satisfaction and employee performance. This study used a quantitative approach. Data were obtained through structured quantitative questionnaires. Sampel of this study consists of 54 employees ofGraha Power Kaltim Bontang Company. Data analysis was performed with SEM-PLS. A direct relationship is observed between job satisfaction and performance. The findings demonstrated a strong and meaningful synergistic connection between transformational leadership, work environment, organizational communication, job satisfaction, and employee performance. The work environment is a key factor in determining employee performance, whereas organizational communication is a crucial factor in determining job satisfaction.
Research Status and Future Prospects of Cultural Communication in Contemporary International Student Education in China
Authors: Bao Qiang
Published: December 2024

The dissemination of Chinese culture to international students in China encompasses two closely interconnected dimensions: first, the dissemination aimed at international students to cultivate their understanding and recognition of the core values of Chinese culture; second, the dissemination of Chinese culture by international students themselves, which involves creating a diversified platform to effectively communicate China’s narratives. From the perspective of external cultural dissemination, this study employs a literature research method combined with CiteSpace knowledge mapping software to analyze and summarize the research network, hotspots, and knowledge structure within the field of international education in China. The exploration of future development directions presents significant practical value and contemporary relevance.
Research on Strategies for Enhancing the Effectiveness of University Labor Education in the Context of “Sanquan Education”
Authors: Li Ruixi
Published: December 2024

The concept of “Sanquan education” emphasizes educating all members, the whole process, and all-round education, and guides ideological values throughout the entire process and every link of education and teaching. Under the guidance of this concept, labor education in colleges and universities needs to pay more attention to the cultivation of students’ comprehensive literacy, not just simple skill training, but also the cultivation of students’ ideological and moral character, practical skills, and innovative consciousness. This article analyzes the current status of labor education practice in colleges and universities, conducts in-depth research on the connotation of labor education under the “Sanquan education,” and proposes effective strategies to improve the effectiveness of labor education in colleges and universities, creating a “five-in-one” education pattern, focusing on multi-level and whole-process education, realizing all-round education in the first, second, third, and fourth classrooms, providing theoretical support and practical guidance for cultivating high-quality talents.
The Implementation Path of Multimedia-Assisted High School Geography Teaching: Taking “China’s Climate” as an Example
Authors: Zhang Chenguang , Liu Zhaoli , Yuan Xiaojie , Li Xiumei , Li Zongmeng , Shi Xingjun
Published: December 2024

With the rapid development of modern information technology, multimedia-assisted instruction has become an indispensable tool in today’s classrooms. Taking “China’s Climate” as an example and aiming to improve the quality of geography teaching in high schools from the perspective of core competencies, this paper explores the implementation pathways of multimedia-assisted geography teaching by comparing traditional teaching methods with multimedia-assisted ones. The goal is to provide a paradigmatic reference for teachers to better leverage digital technology to achieve more efficient, personalized, and precise geography teaching, thereby promoting a comprehensive enhancement of education and teaching quality.
Uma História do Pensamento Econômico do consumo: averiguação da literatura econômica ortodoxa e heterodoxa
Authors: Silva Ferreira Natânia , Alves Souza Jessica , Dos Santos de Oliveira Maria Michelle , Souza França Êmile
Published: December 2024

De forma geral, a Economia pode ser definida como uma Ciência Social Aplicada que se ocupa da averiguação da alocação de recursos escassos em uma comunidade, sendo compreendidos, tais recursos, especialmente, como todos os bens materiais necessários para a vida em sociedade. Dada esta definição, o estudo da produção material se constitui em elemento central para análises econômicas e, compondo o processo de produção, o consumo pode ser entendido como a fase final de tal processo. Desta forma, o objetivo deste artigo é o de analisar o consumo dentro da História do Pensamento Econômico, com base em autores da ortodoxia e da heterodoxia econômica. Para cumprimento do objetivo, as fontes principais serão obras de autores selecionados, que trataram, de forma mais ou menos direta, do tema consumo. Concluímos que o consumo, variável econômica – mas também estudado por outras áreas como a história, a sociologia e a antropologia – é visto de maneira diferente por autores ortodoxos e heterodoxos, sendo que, para estes últimos, o termo guarda uma relação muito próxima com outras áreas da Ciência, que estão para além da economia, sendo compreendido como uma prática social que escapa da utilidade, racionalidade e bem-estar ortodoxos.
Carne e osso: o trabalho nos frigoríficos
Authors: Lima Renan Augusto Francisco de
Published: December 2024

A presente resenha surge a partir de uma reflexão durante uma aula realizada em 19 de março de 2024, que abordava as transformações do capitalismo regulado para o neoliberalismo. Durante essa aula, um colega aluno mencionou ao professor a utilização de filmes como uma maneira de tornar mais tangível o conteúdo teórico abstrato. O documentário "Carne e Osso" é explorado neste contexto, oferecendo um retrato do cotidiano dos trabalhadores das agroindústrias. A partir da análise cinematográfica e de uma revisão bibliográfica de autores que discorrem sobre a relação entre ambiente de trabalho, saúde e segurança ocupacional, constata-se uma flagrante violação das regras humanas fundamentais e das normas legais. A primeira parte deste resenha consiste em uma análise ampla do documentário, seguida pelo recorte de alguns relatos dos trabalhadores para ilustrar as condições de trabalho enfrentadas por eles. Na terceira parte, são tecidos comentários sobre a inércia legislativa em relação às questões de saúde do trabalhador. Por fim, são apresentadas conclusões que apontam para a necessidade de superação de paradigmas vigentes.
Neoliberalismo e instabilidade política na América Latina: um olhar histórico-analítico
Authors: Suárez Daniel Alberto Perozo , Figueiredo Silva Vinícius
Published: December 2024

A partir de uma abordagem histórica, este artigo examina como a implementação do neoliberalismo contribuiu para o agravamento da instabilidade política nos países latino-americanos, refletindo sobre as consequências desse modelo para o desenvolvimento socioeconômico e político da região. A análise está estruturada em três partes principais. Na primeira, é feita uma reflexão sobre as imposições de poder aos Estados latino-americanos e a conexão dessas imposições com o subdesenvolvimento, abordando o contexto histórico de desigualdade e dependência econômica que caracteriza muitos países da região. A segunda parte discute as origens e principais características do neoliberalismo, detalhando a ascensão do modelo a partir da década de 1970, suas bases teóricas e sua implementação, especialmente sob a influência de organismos financeiros internacionais como o FMI e o Banco Mundial. Por fim, a terceira parte apresenta as conclusões sobre as consequências das políticas neoliberais na América Latina, destacando o impacto negativo sobre a desigualdade social, a fragilização das instituições democráticas e o aumento da instabilidade política. Na primeira parte, recorremos à História para abordar as imposições de poder aos Estados da região e sua conexão com o subdesenvolvimento. Na segunda, apresentamos as origens do termo neoliberalismo e suas principais características. Por último, apresentamos algumas conclusões a partir da experiência neoliberal na região.
Relationship Between Patient Satisfaction and Dimensions of Health Service Quality with Revisit Interest of Outpatient in Lumajang Health Center
Authors: Armiyanti Yunita , Mirawati  , Anisah Ardiana
Published: December 2024

High outpatient revisit interest reflects good health services that meet patient expectations. However, in Lumajang, 25 health centers experienced a decline in outpatient revisit numbers. This study aimed to examine the relationship between patient satisfaction and dimensions of service quality with outpatient revisit interest at Lumajang Health Center. Using a cross-sectional design, the study involved 386 outpatients selected through purposive sampling. Inclusion criteria included health centers with a decline of over 200 visits, patients aged 15-50 years, literate, spiritually healthy, and visiting for the first time between December 2023 and February 2024. Exclusion criteria were severe illness or mental disorders hindering questionnaire completion. Data were collected through direct questionnaires and analyzed using chi-square tests. Results showed that 90.4% of patients were satisfied with health services. Service quality dimensions scored as follows: tangibility (91.2%), reliability (60%), responsiveness (93.8%), health insurance (95.6%), and empathy (87.8%). The chi-square analysis revealed a significant relationship between responsiveness and revisit interest (p=0.034). However, no significant relationship was found between revisit interest and satisfaction, tangibility, reliability, health insurance, or empathy (p>0.05). In conclusion, while most patients expressed satisfaction with the services provided, the key factor influencing revisit interest was the responsiveness of health workers. This highlights the importance of responsive healthcare in fostering patient loyalty and improving outpatient revisit rates.
Arab Women’s Revolution Against Patriarchy In The Cyber Feminist World
Authors: Amboy Abdul Givari Pratama , Basid Abdul
Published: December 2024

Cyberfeminism is a phenomenon of feminist groups adapting to developments in technology, information, and communication. This phenomenon of existence is quite attractive in itself, as is how this feminist group struggles to defend their rights, especially their activities in the cyber world. The aims of this research are (1) The Rise of Women in Global Civilization, (2) Critique of Patriarchal Culture, (3) Posthuman Thinking. Posthumanism has begun to be implemented. The research method uses a qualitative type of content analysis whose data comes from five Arab feminist blog sources. This data is collected through documentation techniques and analysed using the Milles & Huberman analysis style. The results show that (1) feminist women experience development in achievements and a consistent environment for society, (2) feminist groups still carry out protests against patriarchal culture, (3) Arab feminist women can adapt to the technological, information, and communication environment in voice their arguments. This research introduces a new perspective on the critique of patriarchy, often associated with anarchic acts, demonstrations, or other threatening behaviors. Through the lens of cyberfeminism, the study highlights that criticism of patriarchal culture can be expressed positively and constructively. Data collected from various news sources illustrate actions that are appreciated by society, such as achievements, independence, and innovative breakthroughs. Consequently, this critique is no longer perceived as a threat but rather as a meaningful effort that drives change and gains broad acceptance.