bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE IMPACT OF LEADERSHIP STYLES ON EMPLOYEE JOB SATISFACTION AND TURNOVER INTENTIONS IN CORPORATE SECTOR
Authors: Zafar Ammad
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the relationship between employee job satisfaction, work environment, and intention to leave a company. It delves into the impact of two leadership styles, transformational and participative, aiming to address employee satisfaction and retention issues. Data was collected from 300 individuals using a quantitative research approach. The findings of the study reveal a strong connection between transformational and participative leadership styles, job satisfaction, and the inclination to leave one's current job. Statistical analysis, specifically chi-square tests, demonstrates significant associations between leadership with transformational qualities, employee job satisfaction, and the desire to leave the organization. Participative leadership approaches also correlate highly with job satisfaction and intentions to leave. Binary logistic regression analysis further supports the role of leadership styles in influencing turnover intentions. The research establishes a significant relationship between leadership styles and job satisfaction, as well as leadership styles and employee turnover intentions. Moreover, it underscores that a one-time shift in leadership style can result in a 15-fold change in job satisfaction and a 7-fold change in employee turnover intentions.
STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION TOWARDS TEACHER EVALUATION PRACTICE: ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF IMPRESSION MANAGEMENT
Authors: Rashdi Raeesa , Khaskhely Mahvish , Pitafi Adnan
Published: December 2024

In universities, quality assurance has initiated teacher evaluation method to know teaching quality. Therefore, the goal is to determine whether a teacher's evaluation is impartial or if there exists a concealed aspect of impression management in assessing teacher performance. This study utilized a quantitative approach, collecting data through primary source (questionnaires) and analyzing it with inferential and statistical methods using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).This study sampled 370 undergraduate and postgraduate students from Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. The study's findings indicate a significant and positive relationship among all variables that are students perception of teacher, teacher evaluation practice, students perception towards teacher evaluation and impression management tactics. Additionally, impression management tactics partially mediate the association between students' perceptions of teachers and teacher evaluation practices. The study reveals that the top three tactics used by teachers are self-promotion, intimidation, and supplication. The study suggests the importance of management considering hidden factors influencing teacher evaluation methods when reviewing filled evaluation forms. It contributes valuable insights by highlighting impression management tactics that can influence evaluation reports, shaping perceptions of teachers positively or negatively. This research significantly contributes to human resource management, particularly in measuring teacher/faculty performance and understanding the impact of impression management strategies.
GOVERNANCE AT GRASS ROOTS LEVEL IN PAKISTAN: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Shaikh Khalil
Published: December 2024

Pakistan gained independence on August 14, 1947. Its democratic system has deep historical roots dating back to ancient times. This study explores the growth and development of grassroots governance in Pakistan. A qualitative research approach was employed, incorporating an extensive review of books on the subject and relevant online materials. The research reveals that grassroots governance in Pakistan has undergone several evolutionary phases, supported by a strong legal and constitutional framework. These constitutional provisions have played a crucial role in reinforcing local governance institutions. The study finds that the system of local governance has provided citizens with the opportunity to manage their affairs through elected representatives, thus empowering individuals across different social strata without discrimination based on caste or creed. This empowerment at the local level has been instrumental in fostering inclusive participation in the democratic process and enhancing the overall effectiveness of governance. The study concludes that grassroots governance in Pakistan not only has a rich historical foundation but also continues to be a vital component of the country’s democratic framework, promoting equity and inclusion.
SOME PHONOLOGICAL AND MORPHONOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE LANGUAGE OF PETAR II PETROVIĆ NJEGOŠ COMPARED TO OTHER MONTENEGRIN SPEECH PATTERNS (WITH AN EMPHASIS ON NJEGUŠI’S SPEECH PATTERN)
Authors:   Institut za crnogorski jezik i književnost, ČIRGIĆ Adnan
Published: December 2024

The present paper presents a brief comparative analysis of the major phonological and morphophonological features Njegoš’s language with such properties in Montenegrin speech patterns, especially in Njeguši’s speech pattern. The list provided by Danilo Vušović in his study Contributions to the Study of Njegoš’s Language from 1930 was used as a reference for features of Njegoš’s language.
THE GLAGOLITIC SCRIPT OF CONSTANTINE CYRIL AND ARS MAGNA OF RAMON LLULL – PARADIGMS OF SEMIOTIC COMMUNICATION
Authors:   Filozofski fakultet Sveučilišta J. J. Strossmayera u Osijeku, LUKIĆ Milica , HORVAT Jasna ,   Ekonomski fakultet Sveučilišta J. J. Strossmayera u Osijeku
Published: December 2024

Two known sign systems created in European historical and territorial context had the same purpose – evangelization or spreading of Christian thought: the Glagolitic script of Constantine Cyril Philosopher (9th Century) and Ars Magna (The Great Skill) of the philosopher Ramon Llull (14th Century). In a very brief period of time after its creation, the Glagolitic script had become an efficient medium of semiotic communication, and was simultaneously used for christening and spreading literacy among the Slavs in the area of Great Moravia and Pannonia. After that, it spread along with Old (Church) Slavic language to all Slavic peoples/countries, where it was in use during at least one period of their history, or at least in one part of their main territory. It was only in the Croatian national territory that it stayed for nearly a thousand years – from 9th to 19th Century. The importance of the script for all segments of life is illustrated by numerous physical monuments of various kinds (liturgical, belletristic and legal). Llull’s Ars Magna did not manage to persist in the way the Glagolitic script did, because it was less of a phonetic system in the true sense of the word (even though it contained an alphabet made up of 9 letters, from B to K), and more of a system of perfect philosophical language which had a task of converting the unbelievers, as Umberto Eco interpreted it (2004). The aim of this paper is to determine how much of communicative specificities can be interpreted, determined and analyzed in those two semiotic systems of communication, and which semiotic codes helped Glagolitic script to accomplish its goals more than Llull’s Ars Magna.
DUŠKO ANĐIĆ OR POLITICAL JEDILIŠTE AS A CRUEL REFLECTION OF BOSNIAN DESTINY
Authors: MEMIĆ Amra
Published: December 2024

Anđić belongs to that group of playwrights who are trying to preserve the tradition of literary continuity and to topicalize modern political pragma-tism (totalitarian rule and the general political character of life).Unlike previous romantic historical dramas, built on the contrast of these two historical figures (Omer-pasha Latas and Ivan Franjo Jukić), Anđić establishes a similar contrast, but his deconstruction of the hero is adapted to modern theatre, so he displays them as irrefutable evidence that the basic problem pressing them both is the totalitarian rule. The idealistic enthusiasm of young Jukić is shattered and he becomes aware that nobody is free to decide, that everything is predetermined, and that we are all merely puppets in political games. This historical drama text is at the same time the most profound comment about a man who is forced to live as a political animal, realizing that everyone is at a loss in this dirty game of existence.
MICHEL AUBIN AS A NJEGOŠOLOGIST
Authors:   Institut za strane jezike Univerzitet Crne Gore, ĐUKIĆ Marjana
Published: December 2024

Despite a very important monograph devoted to Njegoš and his other scientific research in the field of Slavic and Yugoslav studies, French researcher Michel Aubin remains without a proper reception in the literary and theoretical public in Yugoslav countries. This paper presents the importance and contribution of Michel Aubin in the fields of Njegošology and Montenegrin literature.
MILORAD STOJOVIĆ – A LITERARY CRITIC AND ESSAYIST
Authors: PIŽURICA Krsto
Published: December 2024

The present paper presents a reminder of the literary critic work of famous Montenegrin critic and literary historian Milorad Stojović, with a special emphasis on his two-volume Selected Works. Stojović’s Selected Works present the peak of his literary engagement. Unlike the Collected Works – they still did not give a feeling of comprehensiveness and the completion of intellectual work. Either way, Stojović is one of the most prominent Montene-grin literary critics of the second half of nineteenth century.
ANOTHER ACCOUNT OF THE MONTENEGRIN LITERATURE (The History of Montenegrin Literature, Institute for Montenegrin Language and Literature, Podgorica 2012)
Authors:   Filozofski fakultet Sveučilišta J. J. Strossmayera u Osijeku, LUKIĆ Milica
Published: December 2024

The author of this review provides a reflection on the three-volume History of Montenegrin Literature published by the Institute for Montenegrin Language and Literature from Podgorica. As a part of studying Montenegrin literature in a broader context, this capital project covers the period from the beginnings of literacy in Montenegro until 1918. Its authors are Novak Kilibarda, Radoslav Rotković and Milorad Nikčević.
THE HISTORY OF THE MONTENEGRIN LITERATURE– THE FIRST VOLUME (Novak Kilibarda, Oral Literature,Institute for Montenegrin Language and Literature, Podgorica, 2012)
Authors:   Filološki fakultet – Skoplje, PIRUZE-TASEVSKA Violeta
Published: December 2024

The present article presents a review of the first volume of the History of the Montenegrin Literature. Authored by Novak Kilibarda, the volume is entitled Oral Literature. The History of the Montenegrin Literature presents material through a well-organized literary-historical text and presents a unique and critically founded theoretical synthesis. Montenegrin literary history is treated as a separate literary and cultural context for the first time, as it was previously viewed as a part of the Serbian, i.e. regional literature. Kilibarda pays special attention to the study of oral literature genres in Montenegro and their impressive diversity, i.e. “stable genre system”, as a typical feature of oral literature in general.
PURE OTHERNESS, OTHERNESS FROM OTHERS AS INFORMATION
Authors:   Filozofski fakultet u Splitu, TOMELIĆ ĆURLIN Marijana , RUNJIĆ-STOILOVA Anita
Published: December 2024

In the literature on dialectology, the book entitled The Chakavian Dialect: Phonology (1977) by M. Moguš is among the most relevant. In it, Moguš provides a brief introductory overview of the dialectological criteria that are of importance for researching specific types of speech patterns. By introducing the term alijetet (pure otherness), which signifies otherness from all other systems, and alteritet (alterity), which signifies otherness of the other of two (but not all of them), Moguš established the basic criteria for the classification of particular speech patterns into dialects of the same language. The criterion of otherness was the starting point for the analysis in this paper, the purpose of which is to present the highest evidential values for proving that a certain speech patterns belongs to a certain dialect.
GRAMMATICAL COMPETENCE AND EXPLICIT AND IMPLICIT GRAMMATICAL KNOWLEDGE
Authors:   Filozofski fakultet – Nikšić, BOJIČIĆ Gordana
Published: December 2024

In this paper, the author notes the importance that contemporary research in the field of educational linguistics and theory of language learning and teaching attribute to the grammatical competence. Although attitudes emerged during the development of language teaching methodology that stated that there was no place for grammar in the language teaching and learning process, the second half of the twentieth century was marked by studies that clearly indicated that students ought to possess knowledge of grammar rules and able to apply this knowledge in their communication in a foreign language. The author of the present paper defines grammatical competence and explicit and implicit language knowledge, analyzing the results obtained from a language test conducted in 25 primary schools in Montenegro in order to determine the extent to which the examined students have mastered the receptive and productive usage of Italian grammatical structures.
DEFINING THE FANTASTIC IN SOUTH-SLAVIC LITERATURE: MILORAD PAVIĆ AS THE CREATOR OF POSTMODERN FANTASY
Authors:   Fakultet za crnogorski jezik i književnost – Cetinje, TERIĆ Marijana
Published: December 2024

One of the first authors that started the post-modernization of the fantastic is Milorad Pavić. Nourishing the literary phenomenon of the fantastic, Pavić introduced new reception practices, starting the deepest processes of artistic perception of prose. In this way, the fantastic has started conquering the pages of post-modern works, occupying an important place in the science of literature. For this reason, the aim of the present paper is to determine the term of fantasy, classifying the fantastic and its typological characteristics in order to point to its functioning in the prose of Milorad Pavić. Following the path of development of this literary phenomenon throughout history, the author attempts to explain its functioning in the earliest epochs and all the way to the latest literary perception of the phenomenon by analyzing the work of this renowned author, whose prose is seen as a paradigm of the postmodern fantastic.
AIMÉ CÉSAIRE, POET OF NEGRITUDE
Authors:   Université de Zadar, VRANČIĆ Frano
Published: December 2024

Aimé Césaire, master of poetry and Caribbean revolt, was born on 26 June 1913. From his youthful friendship with Léopold Senghor to his break with the French Communist Party, which he considered moderate on the issue of colonies, from his famous poetic and political manifesto Notebook of a Return to the Native Land to a Season in the Congo, a play centred on the independence of the Belgian Congo, he launched a cry of anger and revolt, expressing his desire for justice and dignity. Black Orpheus, as Sartre used to call him, has championed the cause of blackness, embodying the claim of African roots and awareness of simply being black. Indeed, Notebook of a Return to the Native Land which introduced the concept of negritude is one of the most important poetic books in Francophone literatures. However, regar-dless of its virulence, Césaire has never fallen into the black racism. Even if inspiration or creation of the first pages of the Notebook occurred in Croatia, where Césaire was staying with famous Croatian linguist Petar Guberina, the fact remains that the matrix of this piece is essentially African.
RADOMIR ALEKSIĆ’S CONTRIBUTION TO THE STUDY OF MONTENEGRIN SPEECH PATTERNS
Authors:   Fakultet za crnogorski jezik i književnost – Cetinje, ČIRGIĆ Adnan
Published: December 2024

The author of the present paper reflects on the contribution of Radomir Aleksić to Montenegrin dialectology. The analysis encompasses seven reports on the study of Montenegrin speech patterns, created with a view to describe the speech patterns of Gornji Vasojevići and Paštrovići. Aleksić completed the monograph on the speech pattern of Gornji Vasojevići, but did not publish it, and it is very likely that there is also a manuscript with uncompleted description of the speech pattern of Paštrovići with the neighbouring coastal towns.
AN INNOVATIVE STUDY BY MILORAD NIKČEVIĆ – METHODICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL LITERARY-PROBLEM STUDIES
Authors:   Fakultet za crnogorski jezik i književnost – Cetinje, MANDIĆ Ethem
Published: December 2024

The author of this article provides a review of the book entitled Methodical and Methodological Literary-Problem Studies by Milorad Nikčević. The author notes the value of the text presented and exposes the contents of the book through its three large chapters. The study by Professor Nikčević offers valuable content and provides new ways of interpreting classical works of South Slavic and world literature. Its approach is, first of all, comprehensive and significant for use in teaching in that it understands and explains the literary work and its complexity in multiple directions. According to the paper, the reviewed book additionally offers the beauty of reading and learning about the various theoretical and fictional texts and can therefore be extremely useful not only in secondary schools but also in higher education.
Paz y acceso a la justicia como derecho humano: Evaluación del ODS 16 y su relación con la justicia alternativa en México
Authors: Guerrero Vega Roberto Neftalí , López Mejía Dave Alexander
Published: December 2024

La Convención Americana de Derecho Humanos establece que el derecho de acceder a la justicia de manera efectiva comprende elementos políticos y socioeconómicos que están relacionados a instituciones que ejercen la tutela jurisdiccional efectiva y a los autores no jurisdiccionales que también ejercen justicia alternativa que deben de ser efectivos. La Justicia Alternativa por medio de los Métodos Alternos de Solución de Conflictos, ciudadaniza el acceder a la justicia y retoma los preceptos esenciales y fines de la justicia, como lo son la paz, la justicia pronta y efectiva y el bienestar social. Este articulo tiene por objetivo general, analizar como la justicia alternativa contribuye y converge con las metas globales planteadas por la ONU en su ODS 16, de igual manera evaluar los indicadores de cumplimiento de las metas mencionadas en el territorio mexicano. Este estudio posee un enfoque cualitativo, que utiliza un diseño no experimental, basado en la técnica del análisis bibliográfico. Partiendo de la revisión del marco legal, la literatura y de diferentes informes emitidos por organismos internacionales, nacionales centralizados y descentralizados, se llegó a la conclusión que México como muchos países en la región ha sufrido un retroceso significativo en cuanto a índices de paz en su sociedad, de igual forma sustento que las instituciones encargadas de impartir justicia, presentan números deficientes en cuanto a su capacidad de gestionar los conflictos de la sociedad; sin embargo también observo el hallazgo del avance significativo de la justicia alternativo como un método que contribuye a los criterios establecidos por el ODS 16.
Petrophysical Characterization and Lithology of the Mishrif Formation in Ratawi Oil Field, Southern Iraq
Authors: Radhi Farah , Al-Fatlawi Omar
Published: December 2024

The Ratawi Oil Field (ROF) is one of Iraq's most important oil fields because of its significant economic oil reserves. The major oil reserves of ROF are in the Mishrif Formation. The main objective of this paper is to assess the petrophysical properties, lithology identification, and hydrocarbon potential of the Mishrif Formation using interpreting data from five open-hole logs of wells RT-2, RT-4, RT-5, RT-6, and RT-42. Understanding reservoir properties allows for a more accurate assessment of recoverable oil reserves. The rock type (limestone) and permeability variations help tailor oil extraction methods, extraction methods and improving recovery techniques. The petrophysical properties were calculated using Interactive Petrophysics software (version 4.5), employing various methods such as density (RHOB), neutron porosity (NPHI), sonic, gamma-ray, resistivity, and caliper logs. The well logs were evaluated and adjusted based on the environmental conditions. The lithology of the formations was identified through Neutron-Density cross plots, which revealing a composition primarily of limestone. The optimum approach for calculating clay volume was the gamma ray method, which indicated approximately 10% clay content. For calibrating effective porosity with core data, the Neutron-Density method proved to be the most accurate, showed values between 12% and 14% in the MB unit. The Archie technique was selected for its compatibility with limestone. Formation water resistivity was estimated from analogies of the southern field of the Mishrif reservoir (RW=0.021). Permeability was calculated using the flow zone indicator method (FZI) with an average between 0.2 and 0.35 md. According to the petrophysical analysis conducted at Mishrif, the formation consists of four units: MA, MB1, MB2, and MC. The most significant hydrocarbon-bearing unit in the formation is MB1.The insights gained from this study not only enhance the understanding of the Mishrif Formation but also contribute to the development of more efficient extraction techniques and improved reservoir management strategies. By optimizing recovery methods based on precise petrophysical and lithological data, the study supports the sustainable and economically viable exploitation of hydrocarbon resources in the ROF and similar reservoirs worldwide. These findings are significant in the broader context of petroleum engineering and reservoir management, as they provide a foundation for improved recovery techniques and sustainable resource management.
Geomechanical Modeling and Artificial Neural Network Technique for Predicting Breakout Failure in Nasiriyah Oilfield
Authors: Abdul Hussein Hassan , Al-Obaidi Dahlia , Abd Hussien
Published: December 2024

Wellbore instability is one of the major issues observed throughout the drilling operation. Various wellbore instability issues may occur during drilling operations, including tight holes, borehole collapse, stuck pipe, and shale caving. Rock failure criteria are important in geomechanical analysis since they predict shear and tensile failures. A suitable failure criterion must match the rock failure, which a caliper log can detect to estimate the optimal mud weight. Lack of data makes certain wells' caliper logs unavailable. This makes it difficult to validate the performance of each failure criterion. This paper proposes an approach for predicting the breakout zones in the Nasiriyah oil field using an artificial neural network. It also presents the optimal mud weight window for this field, which can be used to optimise the mud weights to minimise the wellbore instability issues. The results showed that an artificial neural network is a powerful tool for determining the breakout zones using the input data. The obtaining root mean square error and the determination coefficient were respectively 0.0082 and 0.959, by which the 1D MEM gave a high match between the predicted wellbore instabilities using the Mogi-failure criterion and the predicted breakout using the ANN model. Most borehole enlargements occur due to formation shear failures because of using low mud weights during drilling. The conclusion clarify the1.35 g/cc is the optimal mud weights for drilling new wells in this field of interest with fewer drilling issues.
Deducing the Total Magnetic Intensity Field for Visualizing the Crustal Rocks Setting of Iraq from the World Magnetic Model 2023
Authors: Al-Khafaji Wadhah
Published: December 2024

This research includes the derivation of an updated total magnetic intensity map of Iraq given from the satellite data. The World Magnetic Model (WMM), 2023 which was obtained from satellite orbitography adopted to determine the total magnetic intensity field (F) values for each grid point that covered the whole study region of Iraq. The WMM software was used to calculate the F value for 272 grid points that covers the whole study region. This region was gridded with suitable interstitial distances of 50 Km to cover such region representatively. The calculations of F were achieved in two steps. The first step represents the F calculation at sea level (altitude=0), whereas the second one calculated the F by considering the elevation meter value of altitude for each grid point. It was proposed to deduce the residual F by subtracting these values at altitude = 0 field from that altitude field. Then, the deduced residual surface was reflected the magnetic intensity variations across the study region for the rocks overlain the reference ellipsoid. Residual Fsurface was treated mathematically within the 2D domain by using the software. The results were provided a vision of the highest and lowest gradients of F and for interpreting their variations were shown to be coincided with the major tectonic boundaries of Iraq that been detected by previous studies. The given values of F were found to be mostly dependent on the magnetic susceptibility subsurface basement and / or crustal rocks depth. It was concluded that the increase of F values towards the N and NE direction is related to the increasing thickness of crustal rocks or the depth to the Moho discontinuity, and also such thickness or depth is found to be increased towards the E-W direction but with lesser values.
Hydraulic Characteristics of the Dammam Aquifer in Al-Rahba Area, Najaf, Western Iraq
Authors: AI-Haider Mariam , AI-Kubaisi Qusai
Published: December 2024

The present study seeks to evaluate the hydraulic properties of the aquifer strata. In the absence of observation wells adjacent to the pumping wells, four wells in the research area (P.W1, P.W2, P.W3, and P.W4) were utilized for the single pumping test experiment, employing the Cooper-Jacob and Theis Recovery methodologies as a basis. The transmissivity values of the aquifer in the studied area varied from 0.43 to 1198.61 m²/day. The specific capacity values varied from 1.60 to 3811.76 m²/day, while the hydraulic conductivity ranged from 0.01 to 19.83 m/day. Clay in the aquifer accounts for the substantial difference in values of W.P4. Both transmissivity and hydraulic conductivity are markedly low.
Dam Site Investigation in Chokhmakh Area, Sulaymaniyah, KRG, Iraq
Authors: Othman Payman , Bapeer Galawezh , Bakir Hawkar , Alwan Layla
Published: December 2024

The proposed dam is located to the northwest of the Sulaimaniyah City. The site is covered by clay and rock fragments of the Qamchuqa and Sarmord Formations, with a limestone ridge of the Qamchuqa Formation, which has a dip ranging from 80 to 90 degrees. This study aims to investigate the subsurface properties of the Chokhmakh site. 2D-electrical resistivity method is used for the dam site investigation in the Chokhmakh area. Four profiles were conducted, Pr-1, Pr-2, Pr-3, and Pr-4, they have lengths equal to 355 m. The Wenner-Schlumberger configurations were used, and a layer of very high resistivity was detected. It shows a wide range of resistivity due to different components ranging from dolomitic limestone to limestone. A layer of moderate resistivity has also been detected. It represents the marl and marly limestone of the Sarmord Formation, these layers reach to a maximum depth of 64m. River terraces are detected beneath electrodes. They extend to a depth equal to (5-15) m and are composed mainly of clay with different sizes of limestone and marly limestone pebbles. From a structural point of view, no faults have been detected beneath the surface. Also, the groundwater depth at the dam axis is 36m, and there is no evidence of cavities. So the location is suitable for dam construction.
Evaluation of Clay Deposits and Limestone for the Manufacture of Ordinary Portland Cement in the Bazian Basin, Northern Iraq
Authors: Mohammed Omer , Al-Hazaa Sawsan
Published: December 2024

This study aims to provide a potential reserve of clay and limestone suitable for manufacturing Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) in the Bazian Basin area within Sulaymaniyah Governorate. The limestone rocks of the Sinjar Formation and the limestone rocks of the Pela Spi Formation were evaluated, and the clay deposits from the Quaternary sediments and the clay of the Gercus and Kolosh formations were assessed. In the chemical study of the limestone of the Pila Spi Formation, the percentage of magnesium oxide (MgO) is very high, reaching 22.17%. This percentage does not meet the requirements of the cement industry, as the chemical study showed, the limestone deposits of the Sinjar Formation are considered to have high purity and lime content. The chemical analysis of clay deposits for the Kolosh Formation showed the percentage of magnesium is very high, reaching 22%, this high percentage is impossible to use as raw materials for cement production OPC. As for clay deposits in the Gercus Formation contain a good percentage of iron oxide, which is considered an important oxide for the cement industry, but the high percentage of magnesium made it unsuitable as a raw material for the cement industry. It can be used by as little up to 10% to raise iron oxide, As for the Quaternary deposits, the study showed that Quaternary deposits with physical and chemical properties are suitable for the cement industry OPC. The common minerals in the clays showed X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD) and photography of the scanning electron microscope (SEM) that they contain a variety of clay minerals, namely smectite, chlorite, ilite, and palygorskite. Clinker was produced from the mixture of raw materials (RW) using clay of Quaternary deposits of 32.31% with limestone rocks of the Sinjar Formation by 67.69% with a lime saturation factor of 96%. All the equivalent coefficients of oxides were calculated and the mixture (RW) was burned. The metal phases of the produced clinker were diagnosed using X-ray diffraction (XRD).
Heavy Minerals Study of the Injana Formation Sandstone in Selected Outcrops in Iraq: Implication for Provenance and Tectonic Setting
Authors: Al-Bayaty Haider , Alhazaa Sawsan
Published: December 2024

Two sections were selected, the first section is Basara, and Sulaymaniyah, which is located at the boundary between the high and the low folded zone, and the second section is Tuz-Khurmatu, Salaheddin, which is located in the Low Folded Zone. Ten samples of sandstone were collected to study heavy minerals. The study indicates that opaque, amphibole, and pyroxene group minerals form the main heavy minerals, followed by chlorite and magnesite. According to heavy minerals assemblage, the source rocks are interpreted to be composed essentially of sedimentary followed by igneous and metamorphic rocks and the high contents of metastable minerals confirm their direct derivation from the adjacent primary source. The Ternary diagram of MF-MT-GM showed that the studied samples fall within the field of active continental margins characterized by a relatively high percentage of minerals (MF˃GM) derived from mafic magmatic rocks.
UPAYA PEMERINTAH DAERAH DALAM PENANGANAN KEMISKINAN DI KABUPATEN MAROS
Authors: Sakir Ahmad Rosandi
Published: December 2024

This research aims to delve into, uncover, and analyze the steps and efforts undertaken by the Local Government of Maros Regency in addressing poverty. The applied research method is qualitative, utilizing a descriptive approach to gain a deeper understanding of the reality under investigation. Data are obtained through observation, in-depth interviews, and analysis of documents and archives, employing qualitative analysis techniques. The research results highlight two main aspects. Firstly, the efforts of the Local Government of Maros Regency in poverty alleviation are focused on the roles of the Department of Social Affairs, Manpower, and Transmigration, as well as the Department of Cooperatives, Industry, and Trade. They implement strategic programs, including the Family Hope Program (PKH), the Empowerment Program for the Poor (KUBE-FM), and the Empowerment Program for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (UMKM). PKH is focused on social assistance, KUBE-FM aims to empower joint business groups of the poor, and the empowerment of UMKM serves as a local economic strategy. Secondly, the implementation of these programs is influenced by specific factors. Supportive factors include high commitment from relevant agencies, good coordination among various parties, internal motivation, and an integrated organizational structure. On the other hand, inhibiting factors involve the lack of understanding among impoverished communities regarding potential sanctions, budget limitations, low-quality human resources, obstacles in group member relationships, and a lack of skills among UMKM actors. Identifying these factors provides a more comprehensive understanding of the complexity of poverty alleviation in Maros Regency and serves as a foundation for improving policies and implementation strategies in the future.
Dynamics of Arbitration Choice as an Alternative Dispute Resolution for Business Disputes
Authors: Nugraha Lingga , Riswadi Riswadi
Published: December 2024

The arbitration mechanism as an alternative dispute resolution for business in Indonesia offers advantages such as speed, confidentiality, and specialization of the arbitrator. However, its effectiveness is hindered by various factors, including non-compliance with arbitration awards and the varying quality of arbitrators. This research employs a normative legal research method, analyzing applicable regulations and legal doctrines related to arbitration in Indonesia, particularly Law No. 30 of 1999 concerning Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution. Findings indicate that while arbitration is preferred due to its efficiency, challenges such as low compliance with awards, concerns about arbitrator quality, and complexities in the selection process persist. Additionally, legal culture and issues like corruption significantly affect the choice of arbitration. To enhance the effectiveness of arbitration, regulatory reforms, improvements in the quality of arbitration institutions, and education for business actors are essential. Strengthening the relationship between arbitration and the judiciary is also crucial for fostering trust in this mechanism. In conclusion, improving arbitration as a dispute resolution method in Indonesia requires a comprehensive approach, including regulatory enhancements, better education, and quality assurance for arbitrators. By addressing these challenges, arbitration can become a more reliable choice for business actors, supporting sustainable economic growth in Indonesia.
Optimization Strategy to Reduce Unplanned Low Power Engine Breakdowns on PC-2000 Units at PT Antareja Mahada Makmur
Authors: Maulana Q , Sugeng Sugeng , Yudistira J. , Turnip H. P.
Published: December 2024

Low-power machine breakdowns that occur unplanned (unscheduled) on the PC-2000 unit are one of the main obstacles in maintaining operational efficiency in the workshop area of PT Antareja Mahada Makmur Jobsite Mifa Bersaudara. This study aims to identify the main causes and design optimization strategies to reduce the frequency of these events. The research methodology included analysis of historical damage data, technical inspection of the affected machine components, and evaluation of the quality of the fuel used. Based on the analysis, it was found that the use of B35 fuel (35% biodiesel) is one of the significant factors affecting engine performance, especially in the combustion system and fuel injection components. The implementation of preventive maintenance-based strategies, including increased frequency of fuel injection system inspections, replacement of vulnerable components, and use of fuel additives to improve combustion efficiency, reduced the frequency of breakdowns by 40% within three months of implementation. The results of this study emphasize the importance of mitigating the impact of B35 fuel use on engine performance through a planned maintenance approach. Recommendations include developing technical guidelines specific to biodiesel fuel use and training technicians to support more reliable operational sustainability.
Imagination Is the Door to Amazement and Moral Imagination Holds the Key to Unlock It
Authors: Manolescu Dan
Published: December 2024

The present article presents the concept of moral imagination in the general context of imagination as a journey of discovery and a reawakening of the values created through our feelings, emotions and other relevant life experiences that challenge us to appreciate the power of mind to transcend reality. In this vein, special attention should be paid to our moral principles that guide us through life, where we find moral imagination and its overwhelming capacity to engender new ideas, build new skills, and ultimately develop our critical thinking. Morality and imagination have many things in common, although morals refer to the realm of duties and obligations, whereas imagination concerns the faculty of the mind that deals with ideas from afar. To support this seemingly debatable concept, researchers, linguists, educators, and philosophers are brought into the discussion and they provide meaningful substance with theoretical and practical examples. That education should be the cultivation of goodness and good character is just one of the ensuing conclusions, compounded by the idea that practical knowledge also leads to moral imagination and its ancillary assets.
Pengaruh Penerapan Metode Outdoor Learning terhadap Hasil Belajar IPAS
Authors: Sulistiana  , Cicci Rizqiyah Ramadhani
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan metode pembelajaran outdoor learning terhadap hasil belajar IPAS siswa kelas IV UPT SPF SDN Gunung Sari 1 Makassar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuasi eksperimen dengan desain one-group pretest-posttest. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 22 siswa kelas IV yang semuanya mengikuti pembelajaran di luar kelas. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes hasil belajar IPAS. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji-t berpasangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan signifikan pada hasil belajar IPAS siswa setelah penerapan metode outdoor learning (p < 0,05). Kesimpulannya, metode outdoor learning berpengaruh positif terhadap hasil belajar IPAS siswa kelas IV UPT SPF SDN Gunung Sari 1 Makassar.
The effects of supplementation of milk with sodium butyrate on calf performance, some blood parameters and fecal Escherichia coli (E. coli) presence1
Authors: Bilgeçli Kazım , Yılmaz Aydan
Published: December 2024

The present study was conducted to determine the effects of supplementation of milk with sodium butyrate (SB), on calf performance, some blood parameters and Escherichia coli (E.coli) presence in feces. 10 male and 10 female Holstein calves of 7 days of age and 40-45 kg live weight were selected for the trial which lasted 50 days. The milk given to the trial group in the morning feeding was supplemented with SB at a dosage of 3 g/day from day 7 to 21 and 5 g/day from day 21 to 49. Water was provided ad libitum. On days 7 and 50, blood samples were drawn from 6 randomly selected calves from each group for Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), β-Hydroxybutyric Acid (BHBA), Immunoglobulin A (IgA) and Growth Hormone (GH) determinations. Fecal samples were also collected for E.coli counts. At the end of the study, it was observed that SB supplementation had a positive effect on IgA and GH throughout the trial, as well as on GCAA from day 21 to 35 (p0.05). E.coli analysis in feces, revealed %33.33 less pressure in trial group calves.
Impacto de la estrategia 'aprender a aprender' en el desarrollo de habilidades matemáticas en niños de 7-8 años
Authors: Tutiven Jorge Arturo Albuja , Ortiz Willian Wistor Muñoz , Coello Francisco Javier Montesdeoca , Pincay Federico Enrique Swett , Santos Olga Marisol Bravo , Arguello Vicente Javier Pérez
Published: December 2024

En este estudio se investigó el impacto de la estrategia "Aprender a Aprender" en el desarrollo de habilidades matemáticas en niños de 7-8 años, desde la perspectiva de los padres. El objetivo general fue evaluar cómo esta estrategia influye en la motivación, el pensamiento crítico, la autonomía y la confianza de los estudiantes en su aprendizaje matemático. Se empleó una metodología basada en encuestas estructuradas aplicadas a padres de estudiantes de dicho grupo de edad. Los principales hallazgos revelaron que la estrategia "Aprender a Aprender" ha mejorado significativamente la motivación y la confianza de los estudiantes hacia las matemáticas, además de contribuir al desarrollo de habilidades de pensamiento crítico y autonomía en el aprendizaje. Sin embargo, también se identificaron áreas de mejora, como la necesidad de ajustar la implementación para maximizar la consistencia en los beneficios percibidos por todos los estudiantes. En conclusión, este estudio destaca la importancia de continuar refinando y adaptando la estrategia "Aprender a Aprender" para optimizar su efectividad en el contexto educativo, asegurando así un apoyo integral al desarrollo académico y personal de los estudiantes en el área de las matemáticas.
Prevalencia y factores de riesgo de la violencia en relaciones de pareja entre estudiantes universitarios
Authors: León Alma Arana , López Ena Erandy Díaz , Sánchez Francisco Javier Miranda , Gallardo Elizabeth del Carmen Zarate , López José Edgar Luna
Published: December 2024

El presente artículo es un estudio mixto, exploratorio y transversal, centrado en la medición de la violencia de pareja entre los estudiantes de la carrera de Ingeniería en Gestión Empresarial de una universidad tecnológica. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 241 estudiantes, con una edad promedio de 21 años, quienes fueron evaluados mediante el instrumento validado VIREPA por González Gijón y Soriano Díaz (2021). Los resultados revelaron una mayor prevalencia de violencia económica, con un 37.6%, seguida de la dependencia emocional, con un 19.1%. Además, el 18.7% de los encuestados justificó la violencia en pareja. Este estudio destaca la necesidad de implementar acciones preventivas y de educar a la población para que reconozca este fenómeno en todas sus manifestaciones, así como para desarrollar la capacidad de buscar ayuda frente a dinámicas no saludables en las relaciones de pareja, contribuyendo así, a romper la naturalización de la violencia.
Improving information retrieval bug localization with query reformulation and haar transform
Authors: Saim Zouairi
Published: December 2024

The daily tasks for Developers are searching source code, to find pieces of code to reuse, to find where to implement changes, in order to fix a coming bugs implied by a specific report, using a query. Locating relevant files depends largely on the quality of the query used. This localization is done with a query formed by a few keywords; the effectiveness of returned results depends strongly on this query, which in case of poor formulation it will lead to biased result. In this paper, we use query reformulation technique to reinforce our results related to bug localization with haar transform (ZOUAIRI & M K ABDI, 2023). Experiments on SWT Eclipse project demonstrate that the algorithms can significantly improve the retrieval performance by 90% averagely, compared to the performance of the original queries given in the benchmarks. Experiments also show that our method can be applied to query expansion and works satisfactorily in selection of good expansion terms.
A Thyroid Carcinoma Induced by COVID-19 and its Effect on The Variation of Thyroglobulin Level as a Marker for Diagnosis and Assessment Strategy
Authors: Kudhair Ahmed Hassan , Almahbobi Taghreed F. , Jawad Anfal Abdulhussain , Baqer Enas Jalil , Kadhim Dhuha Abdullah , Al-Mayaly Adel Sahib , Abbas Hanan Diekan
Published: December 2024

Background: the thyroid carcinoma is one of the most cases seen of the thyroid un expected disease. Due to its increase in the no of cases reported there is un urgent interest of the prognostic risk expectations and the out come of the treatment. there will be an increment of the cases and an interesting in prohibit its complications by follow-up this disease. Aim: is to predict the effect of the thymoglobulin test in facilitating its diagnosis in consideration  with selectivity and the specify. Results: data indicated that although this test is helpful in the diagnosis but still it is not only deoendable test used due to lack of complete accuracy in different cases of the  thyroid disease. one of the main reasons for the thyroid carcinoma is viral infection, particularly COVID due its effect on the endocrine function of the human body especially thyroid gland and its abnormally proliferation and behavior that could be ends with tumors even if this tumor is multifactorial but there is and evedance that it caused by viral infection.
Exposing to Infiltrate SCADA Using Whale Algorithm and Support Carrier
Authors: Msad Jenan Jader , Husam Dhulfikar Dhurgham , Abbas Mustafa Husham
Published: December 2024

In today's growing cyber attack, where the critical infrastructure of a country's communications and services can quickly be eliminated by hostile attacks, the protection of vital infrastructure and advanced cyber security is needed at all times. In fact, security defects for such systems can lead to widespread destruction and consequences in different layers of society. The SCADA system (information control and collection control system (process control system is computer -based. It monitors and interacts with the physical process of the remote road. This system collects information about the physical process conditions; the system is widely used in large industries such as petrochemicals, water distribution and nuclear power plants. Monitoring the proper performance of the process is provided on large control panels that allow the operator to allow the operator. With the introduction of telemetry, the conditions for connecting the equipment used in this infrastructure are created. In fact, the term SCADA refers to a technology that creates conditions for controlling and monitoring such infrastructures from a central control room. For example, this technology can be used in water distribution facilities to check the water level in the water storage tank, as well as monitor the flow and pressure in the pipe. The SCADA system enables the intelligent collection of information from various parts for the user and provides real-time monitoring of all processes, and may also warn in the event of an error and the operator can react by sending commands to work equipment compared to process changes.
2.4 GHz Telecommunication Network Propagation Environment Characterization Using Ray Tracing Algorithm
Authors: Ifeagwu E.N.  , Ihekeremma A.U. Ejimofor,
Published: December 2024

This paper focused on 2.4 GHz telecommunication network propagation environment characterization using Ray Tracing Algorithm. In this paper, a geographical database of the 2.4 GHz telecommunication network environment was created and replicated with ray tracing algorithm. Computer modeling was used to determine crucial channel parameters for the Otuoke suburban environment in Bayelsa State, including the path loss exponent, power delay profile, and angle spread of radio propagation environment at the 2.4GHz band. The result showed that the root mean square delay spread is 0.5539 and the mean delay is 1.1733. The result also showed that the root mean square angle spread is 58.650 and the mean arrival angle is 1630. The pathloss exponent results obtained also matched with the measured field data.