bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Projected increases in extreme drought frequency and duration by 2040 affect specialist habitats and species in Scotland
Authors: Kirkpatrick Baird Fairlie , Spray Deborah , Hall Jeanette , Stubbs Partridge Julia
Published: August 2023

Climate‐driven increases in drought occurrence are an overlooked risk in temperate climates, which may be less resilient to water scarcity than arid habitats. Scotland provides an example of a temperate oceanic climate in which drought risk is understudied, but could have substantial ecological impacts, particularly in combination with additional stressors.

We modelled changes to risk of extreme drought occurrence in Scotland, and considered potential impacts of these changes on two key habitats, ombrotrophic (precipitation fed) wetlands and temperate rainforest. Using temperature and precipitation data from the UK Climate Projections 2018 and the drought index Standardized Precipitation‐Evapotranspiration Index, we calculated and mapped likely changes in extreme drought for the near future (2021–2040) in comparison to a baseline (1981–2001).

We found likelihood of extreme drought events increased from an average of one event every 20 years in the baseline period, to one event every 3 years by 2040. Typical events were projected to be up to 2–3 months longer, with an average of 11 extra drought months per decade. Increases were projected throughout the country, but the effect was most severe in the east, and during autumn.

Ombrotrophic wetlands have some level of adaptive resilience to drought, but are considered at high risk as several key sites are in drought hotspot areas. In contrast, Scotland's temperate rainforest is located in lower risk areas, but is typically less drought resilient. Potential impacts on these habitats include reductions in ecosystem services including carbon capture, reduced breeding success for multiple taxa and increased competition among plant communities, which threatens drought‐sensitive species.

These projections suggest that climate‐driven drought risk is a significant and imminent threat, even in wet climates. In Scotland, the results can direct mitigation and management actions to areas likely to be at greatest risk, as well as informing conservation interventions that can cope with drought. Additionally, other areas with a temperate oceanic climate may be at risk of extreme drought and could experience similar consequences. Therefore, these results have implications both for facilitating improved resilience to extreme drought in Scotland and for potentially overlooked impacts of drought in oceanic climates elsewhere.
New York announces first mobile methadone van
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: August 2023

Operated by VIP Community Services, an opioid treatment program (OTP) in the Bronx, a “ribbon cutting” was held last month for the first mobile methadone van in New York state. The state's Office of Addiction Services and Supports (OASAS). The mobile unit will provide a wide range of addiction services and other medical care in the New York City area.
Partner in planned Rhode Island OPC expanding comprehensive SUD care
Authors: Enos Gary
Published: August 2023

As Rhode Island edges closer to the planned opening of what is expected to be the nation's first state‐regulated overdose prevention center (OPC), one of that project's partners is preparing for an earlier launch of a comprehensive treatment and support site that ultimately could benefit many of the OPC's visitors.
Dopamine‐Based High‐Transparent Hydrogel as Bioadhesive for Sutureless Ocular Tissue Repair
Authors: Qian Yuna , Xu Kejia , Shen Liangliang , Dai Mali , Zhao Zelin , Zheng Yujing , Wang Haiou , Xie Hailin , Wu Xuan , Xiao Decheng , Zheng Qinxiang , Zhang Jinyi , Song Yang , Shen Jianliang , Chen Wei
Published: August 2023

Ocular injuries and their complications represent the most common causes of visual impairment. For ocular surgery, there is an unmet need for highly transparent bioadhesives with superior adhesion, biocompatibility, and regenerative properties. Herein, a novel high‐transparent bioadhesive hydrogel composed of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) and dopamine methacrylamide (DMA) is developed by in situ oxidative free‐radical polymerization. This bioadhesive hydrogel overcomes the fundamental weakness of mussel‐inspired adhesive copolymers in clinical practice by combining multiple favorable properties, including high light transmission, mechanical strength, adhesive strength, and biocompatibility. DMA significantly enhances corneal epithelial cells adhesion, proliferation, and migration on GelMA, and prevents the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in corneal epithelial cells. In rabbit models of corneal and conjunctiva transplantation, the bioadhesive is able to decrease the inflammatory response and fibrosis formation induced by suture surgical trauma. In addition, the rabbit corneal stromal defect model reveals that the Gel/DMA bioadhesive could effectively seal corneal defects, accelerates corneal re‐epithelialization, and promotes wound healing. Thus, given the advantages of high bioactivity and simple preparation, the Gel/DMA bioadhesive represents a promising strategy for suture‐free ocular repair.
Solvent Exchange Induced In Situ Formed Hydrogel as Liquid Embolic Agents
Authors: Liu Menghui , Wang Yunzhi , Chen Yanlv , Li Liujun , Sun Yang , Li Yongchao , Yuan Yajun , Lu Pan , Zhang Wenkai , Pang Pengfei , Peng Xin , Shan Hong
Published: August 2023

Endovascular embolization can selectively deploy embolic agents into diseased or injured blood vessels to complete the treatment. However, traditional embolic agents still face challenges, such as poor intravascular diffusivity, non‐biodegradable, unstable mechanical properties, radiolucency, and recanalization. Herein,  we report a poly (lipoic acid‐tannic acid)/tromethamine/Galinstan (PLTTG) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution‐derived hydrogel liquid embolic agent. By injecting PLTTG DMSO solution into body fluids, a PLTTG hydrogel can be formed in situ owing to the solvent exchange induced intra‐ and inter‐polymer hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions. Moreover, the gelation time and injection forces of the solution as well as the mechanical properties and embolic pressure of the obtained hydrogels can be adjusted by changing the concentration of PLTTG. The PLTTG hydrogel can effectively embolize the renal artery and femoral vein without recanalization and displacement in rabbit models. Furthermore, the hydrogel can embolize the ruptured femoral artery to arrest active bleeding. Owing to the advantages of the hydrogel, including adjustable gelation time, mechanical properties, viscosities, injection forces, and embolic pressure, as well as good biocompatibility and biodegradability, radiopacity, excellent embolization performance and intravascular diffusivity, easy usage, low cost, allowing it to be a potential embolic agent to treat multiple vascular diseases in clinic.
A Trojan Horse Delivery Vehicle Carrying siRNA Nanotherapeutics with Multiple Tumor Microenvironment Responsiveness Elicits Robust Antitumor Immune Responses In Situ via a “Self‐Synergistic” Approach
Authors: Fang Yan , Chen Shuai , Zhang Mingyi , Lin Xiaojie , Jin Xuechao , Zhang Mingming , Liu Yunmeng , Wang Yaxin , Shi Kai
Published: August 2023

The potential of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) in the treatment of malignant tumors has attracted increasing attention due to their inherent advantages. However, their therapeutic performance strongly depends on the efficiency of their cytoplasmic delivery in vivo by the delivery vehicle with good cellular permeability and histocompatibility. Herein, a polycationic carrier camouflaged with macrophage membrane (MPM) is constructed biomimetically, which is condensed from endogenous spermine monomers through diselenide bonds. The developed Trojan horse delivery vehicle has desirable compression efficacy for siRNA oligo against PD‐L1 (siPDL1) as well as intracytoplasmic release properties derived from its sequential degradation triggered by redox microenvironment in tumor cells. Furthermore, the coloading of photosensitizer can mediate photodynamic therapy (PDT) accompanied by the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon light irradiation applied, which accelerated the degradation of the carrier as well as the release of cargoes while enhancing the PD‐L1 blockage‐mediated immunotherapy by inducing in‐situ immunogenic cell death. Moreover, the synchronously delivered siPDL1 attenuated the ROS‐induced increase in immunosuppressive PD‐L1 expression, thereby effectively eliciting a robust antitumor immune response with a “self‐synergistic” manner in the xenograft breast cancer mouse model.
A Review on Quantum Dot‐Based Color Conversion Layers for Mini/Micro‐LED Displays: Packaging, Light Management, and Pixelation
Authors: Chen Junchi , Zhao Qiliang , Yu Binhai , Lemmer Uli
Published: August 2023

Mini/microlight‐emitting diodes (LEDs) are one of the most promising technologies for next‐generation displays to meet the requirements of demanding applications, including augmented reality/virtual reality displays, wearable devices, and microprojectors. To realize full‐color displays, the strategy of combining miniaturized blue nitride‐based LEDs with color conversion layers is promising due to the high efficiencies of the LEDs and the advantageous manufacturing. Quantum dots (QDs), owing to their high photoluminescence quantum yield, small particle size, and solution processability, have emerged as the color conversion material with the most potential for mini/micro‐LEDs. However, the integration of QDs into display technologies poses several challenges. From the material side, the stability of QD materials is still challenging. For the case of packaging QDs in a matrix, the dispersion quality of QDs and the light extraction of the emission need to be improved. From the fabrication side, the lack of high‐precision mass manufacturing strategies in QD pixelation hinders the widespread application of QDs. Toward the issues above, this review summarizes the research on QD materials for color conversion display in recent years to systematically draw an overview of the packaging strategies, the light management approaches, and the pixelation methods of QD materials toward mini/micro‐LED‐based display technologies.
Determination of Free Charge Carrier Luminescence and Quasi‐Fermi Level Separation in Organic Solar Cells via Transient Photoluminescence Measurements
Authors: List Mathias , Faisst Jared , Heinz Friedemann , Würfel Uli
Published: August 2023

The detection of photoluminescence (PL) is extremely valuable for photovoltaic technologies as it provides direct information about the free charge carrier densities and therefore about the separation of the quasi‐Fermi levels (ΔEF). However, for organic solar cells the PL is strongly dominated by photogenerated excitons that in part decay radiatively before they form free charge carriers via dissociation at a donor/acceptor interface. For this reason, it is impossible to deduce the free charge carrier densities and ΔEF directly from the PL signal. To overcome this severe limitation, a new approach is developed that allows disentangling the luminescence of photogenerated excitons from the one of free charge carriers. Due to the large difference in respective lifetimes—for photogenerated excitons it is ≤ ns whereas for free charge carriers it is in the µs‐range—this is achieved by time‐resolved PL measurements. For highly efficient organic solar cells, it is found that ΔEF determined from these PL transients matches perfectly with the electrical voltage. Moreover, the new method also allows for the determination of ΔEF from mere absorber films without electrodes and thus paves the way for a better understanding of organic solar cells.
Solution‐Processable Ultrapure‐Blue Light‐Emitting Electrochemical Cells
Authors: Tanaka Yuki , Ito Shun‐ichiro , Liu Junfeng , Ou Hao , Tanaka Hisaaki , Pu Jiang , Ikeno Atsuhiro , Hatakeyama Takuji , Takenobu Taishi
Published: August 2023

Light‐emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) have attracted considerable attention owing to their unique luminescence mechanisms and device structures, making them suitable for solution processing. However, these cells encounter problems related to color purity, which plays an important role in efficient and high‐resolution displays. Here, two types of solution‐processed LECs are reported that exhibit ultrapure blue emissions at 467 and 452 nm with narrow emission full‐widths at half‐maximum (FWHM) values of 21 and 30 nm, corresponding to the Commission Internationale de l'éclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.12, 0.15) and (0.16, 0.10), respectively. These values are obtained using the multi‐resonance‐induced thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR‐TADF) materials, namely, ν‐DABNA and DABNA‐4TBC. The suppression of structural relaxation and vibronic coupling in these MR‐TADF materials results in high‐color‐purity emissions with a small FWHM. Host‐guest‐type LECs employing these molecules as guest emitters in a spin‐coated single active layer exhibit both ultrapure blue electroluminescence (EL) and solution processability, strongly supporting their use in building a sustainable society in the future.
Screen‐Printing Technology for Scale Manufacturing of Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Chen Changshun , Ran Chenxin , Yao Qing , Wang Jinpei , Guo Chunyu , Gu Lei , Han Huchen , Wang Xiaobo , Chao Lingfeng , Xia Yingdong , Chen Yonghua
Published: August 2023

As a key contender in the field of photovoltaics, third‐generation thin‐film perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have gained significant research and investment interest due to their superior power conversion efficiency (PCE) and great potential for large‐scale production. For commercialization consideration, low‐cost and scalable fabrication is of primary importance for PSCs, and the development of the applicable film‐forming techniques that meet the above requirements plays a key role. Currently, large‐area perovskite films are mainly produced by printing techniques, such as slot‐die coating, inkjet printing, blade coating, and screen‐printing. Among these techniques, screen printing offers a high degree of functional layer compatibility, pattern design flexibility, and large‐scale ability, showing great promise. In this work, the advanced progress on applying screen‐printing technology in fabricating PSCs from technique fundamentals to practical applications is presented. The fundamentals of screen‐printing technique are introduced and the state‐of‐the‐art studies on screen‐printing different functional layers in PSCs and the control strategies to realize fully screen‐printed PSCs are summarized. Moreover, the current challenges and opportunities faced by screen‐printed perovskite devices are discussed. This work highlights the critical significance of high throughput screen‐printing technology in accelerating the commercialization course of PSCs products.
Tris‐benzo[cd]indole Cyanine Enables the NIR‐photosensitized Radical and Thiol‐ene Polymerizations at 940 nm
Authors: Elian Christine , Mourot Benjamin , Benbouziyane Camil , Malval Jean‐Pierre , Lajnef Sonia , Peyrot Fabienne , Massuyeau Florian , Siri Olivier , Jacquemin Denis , Pascal Simon , Versace Davy‐Louis
Published: August 2023

A near‐infrared‐absorbing heptamethine (HM+) incorporating three bulky benzo[cd]indole heterocycles was designed to efficiently prevent self‐aggregation of the dye, which results in a strong enhancement of its photoinitiating reactivity as compared to a parent bis‐benzo[cd]indole heptamethine (HMCl+) used as a reference system. In this context, we highlight an efficient free‐radical NIR‐polymerization up to a 100 % acrylates C=C bonds conversion even under air conditions. Such an important initiating performance was obtained by incorporating our NIR‐sensitizer into a three‐component system leading to its self‐regeneration. This original photoredox cycle was thoroughly investigated through the identification of each intermediary species using EPR spectroscopy.
Comparison of solvent systems on extraction, quality characteristics, and volatile compounds of palm kernel oil
Authors: Asuzu Peace C. , Wyatt Victor T. , Asare‐Okai Papa Nii , Tawiah Nii Adjetey , Jones Kerby C. , Aryee Alberta N. A.
Published: August 2023

Hexane (HEX) and dichloromethane (DCM) have been used to extract oils from various sources due to their expansive solubility and low volatility that ease removal at low temperatures. However, environmental and health concerns make them undesirable solvents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the extraction efficiency and physicochemical characteristics of palm kernel oil (PKO) extracted with the addition of acetone in HEX‐acetone (1:1, vol/vol) and DCM‐acetone (1:1, vol/vol) mixtures as an alternative to DCM and HEX alone. PKO extracted with co‐solvent systems had better quality characteristics compared with single solvent extracts. The oil recovered, free fatty acid content, peroxide value and other quality characteristics, and thermal properties were within the range for PKO, and similar oils as stipulated in standards. Monounsaturated fatty acid content in PKO was up to 70% of which lauric acid was the most abundant (48%–52%). A total of 50 volatile compounds were identified by GC–MS in all the extracts including amide (1), alcohol (1), aldehydes (2), ketones (3), acids (6), esters (6) and hydrocarbons (31) with higher numbers of volatiles in the HEX extracts compared to the DCM extracts. Dodecanoic acid, hexanal, and 2‐undecanone were the most abundant acid, aldehyde, and ketone, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) differentiated the volatiles identified on the polar and non‐polar columns with 88.2% and 8.8%, and 67.3% and 19.6% of the variation accounted for by PC1 and PC2, respectively, with several common volatile components forming a cluster from all the solvents used.
The size, number, and distribution of nerve endings around and within the human epiglottis, focusing on tracheal intubation maneuvers
Authors: Reina Miguel Angel , Sala‐Blanch Xavier , Boezaart André P. , Tubbs Richard Shane , Pérez‐Rodríguez Francisco José , Riera‐Pérez Rita , Sanromán Junquera Margarita
Published: August 2023

The aim of this study was to examine the distribution of nerve endings in the mucosa, submucosa, and cartilage of the epiglottis and the vallecula area and to quantify them. The findings could inform the choice of laryngoscope blades for intubation procedures. Fourteen neck slices from seven unembalmed, cryopreserved human cadavers were analyzed. The slices were stained, and cross and longitudinal sections were obtained from each. The nerve endings and cartilage were identified. The primary metrics recorded were the number, area, and circumference of nerve endings located in the mucosa and submucosa of the pharyngeal and laryngeal sides of the epiglottis, epiglottis cartilage, and epiglottic vallecula zone. The length and thickness of the epiglottis and cartilage were also measured. The elastic cartilage of the epiglottis was primarily continuous; however, it contained several fragments. It was covered with dense collagen fibers and surrounded by adipose cells from the pharyngeal and laryngeal submucosa. Nerve endings were found within the submucosa of pharyngeal and laryngeal epiglottis and epiglottic vallecula. There were significantly more nerve endings on the posterior surface of the epiglottis than on the anterior surface. The epiglottic cartilage was twice the length of the epiglottis. The study demonstrated that the distribution of nerve endings in the epiglottis differed significantly between the posterior and anterior sides; there were considerably more in the former. The findings have implications for tracheal intubation and laryngoscope blade selection and design.
Rolling Circle Amplification/G‐Quadruplex‐Based Dual‐Signal Ratiometric Electrochemical Aptasensor for Ultrasensitive Detection of Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Ding Zishan , Yang Sha , Wang Jue , Zhao Zhuyang , Xu Hanqing , Chen Zhiguo , Liu Zhiyong , Wang Yunxia , Bao Jing , Chang Kai , Chen Ming
Published: August 2023

Accurate and efficient detection of pathogenic bacteria plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of infectious diseases. However, rapid and highly sensitive detection of specific bacteria in clinical samples remains challenging. In this study, we developed a ratiometric dual‐signal electrochemical biosensor for ultrasensitive detection of pathogenic bacteria, based on an aptamer recognition‐induced rolling circle amplification (RCA)/G‐quadruplex strategy. On the surface of a gold electrode chip, we used an aptamer sequence (P1) conjugated to ferrocene (Fc) to capture the target bacterium. This capture released a different, previously bound sequence (P2) sequence that initiated the RCA/G‐quadruplex cascade, which, in the presence of potassium ions, was able to bind the electrochemical indicator methylene blue (MB). We integrated the signals from the loss of Fc and the appearance of MB (IMB/IFC ratio) to quantify the target bacteria concentration. This biosensor showed excellent detection performance and specificity, with a detection limit of 10 CFU/mL. Notably, it showed great diagnostic potential for clinical infectious diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria in precise/personalized medicine applications.
Co‐precipitation of NCM 811 Using Recycled and Purified Manganese: Effect of Impurities on the Battery Cell Performance
Authors: Kauppinen Toni , Laine Petteri , Välikangas Juho , Tynjälä Pekka , Hu Tao , Salminen Justin , Lassi Ulla
Published: August 2023

Co‐precipitation of NCM811 precursors and cathodes for lithium‐ion batteries was carried out using recycled and purified manganese solution. In this paper, the aim is to study the role of the impurities in the co‐precipitation step of NMC811 and further in the battery cell performance. Based on the results, cationic impurities (Ca, Zn, Mg, and Fe) are co‐precipitated in the NMC811 precursors, as expected based on the thermodynamic considerations. The presence of these impurities was confirmed by several characterizations. Impurities did not affect the particle morphology or tap density of NMC811. Impurities had surprisingly minor effect on the cell performance. During the cycling, these cells provided good cyclability and high‐capacity retention after 1100 cycles compared to reference samples.
Ca2V2O7 as an Anode‐Active Material for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Effect of Conductive Additive and Mass Loading on Electrochemical Performance
Authors: Silvano Leticia Trezecik , Sandherr Jens , Valadares Folgueras Marilena , Ferreira de Souza Eder Carlos , Kaya Pinar , Knoblauch Volker
Published: August 2023

Lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) play a crucial role in using renewable sources. Vanadates have been applied as anode material due to the combined diffusion mechanisms and higher and stable capacities. Despite the interest in vanadates as anode materials, only a few studies have considered Ca2V2O7 (CVO) as an active material for LIBs. This work focuses on the use of CVO as a potential alternative anode‐active material for LIBs. Additionally, we investigate the effect of the conductive additive (C65) on the electrochemical properties of the electrodes, utilizing densified electrodes with a porosity of about 40 %. In doing so, this study provides important insights into new materials for LIBs, where the electrodes were manufactured using the commercial slurry methodology, replacing graphite by CVO – which was synthesized via the Pechini route (D50: 8 μm after milling). In summary, the results reveal that the amount of C65 positively affects the electrode‘s capacity. An increase in specific capacity was observed by up to 30 % using 10 wt.% C65. Such electrodes showed 235 mAh/gAM at C/10 and, when cycled at 1 C, completed 300 cycles with a retained capacity of 39 %. The results demonstrate that CVO might be a promising anode material for LIB energy storage systems.
Bilateral tone mapping scheme for color correction and contrast adjustment in nearly invisible medical images
Authors: Subramani Bharath , Veluchamy Magudeeswaran
Published: August 2023

Medical images are commonly used to diagnose and screen various diseases. However, medical images taken by operators with different skill levels have a considerable variation in visual quality. Poor illumination of images increases uncertainty in clinical treatment and lead to the risk of misdiagnosis. This paper proposes a novel bilateral tone‐mapped gamma correction to enhance the visual quality of medical images without affecting the natural color quality. First, the proposed tone‐mapped gamma correction is employed to enhance the intensity values of poorly illuminated medical images. Then, bilateral enhancement curve adjustment is performed to effectively improve the global luminance content of the input image with features and richer information. The image quality assessment measures like entropy, blind/reference less image spatial quality evaluator, natural image quality evaluator, perception‐based image quality evaluator, contrast enhancement based image quality parameter, and color contrast fog density evaluates the superior performance of the proposed technique. The experimental results significantly enhance the intensity difference between dark and bright areas and can aid clinical experts and intelligent health fields.
Stay Hydrated! Impact of Solvation Phenomena on the CO2 Reduction Reaction at Pb(100) and Ag(100) surfaces
Authors: Cheong Oskar , Bornhake Thomas , Zhu Xinwei , Eikerling Michael H.
Published: August 2023

Herein, a comprehensive computational study of the impact of solvation on the reduction reaction of CO2 to formic acid (HCOOH) and carbon monoxide on Pb(100) and Ag(100) surfaces is presented. Results further the understanding of how solvation phenomena influence the adsorption energies of reaction intermediates. We applied an explicit solvation scheme harnessing a combined density functional theory (DFT)/microkinetic modeling approach for the CO2 reduction reaction. This approach reveals high selectivities for CO formation at Ag and HCOOH formation on Pb, resolving the prior disparity between ab initio calculations and experimental observations. Furthermore, the detailed analysis of adsorption energies of relevant reaction intermediates shows that the total number of hydrogen bonds formed by HCOO plays a primary role for the adsorption strength of intermediates and the electrocatalytic activity. Results emphasize the importance of explicit solvation for adsorption and electrochemical reaction phenomena on metal surfaces.
Intensive therapy can improve long‐term survival in newly diagnosed, advanced‐stage extranodal NK/T‐cell lymphoma: A multi‐institutional, real‐world study
Authors: Wei Yu‐Ce , Qi Fei , Zheng Bao‐Min , Zhang Chang‐Gong , Xie Yan , Chen Bo , Liu Wei‐Xin , Liu Wei‐Ping , Fang Hui , Qi Shu‐Nan , Zhang Di , Chai Yue , Li Ye‐Xiong , Wang Wei‐Hu , Song Yu‐Qin , Zhu Jun , Dong Mei
Published: August 2023

The study investigated the treatment and prognosis of advanced‐stage extranodal natural killer/T‐cell lymphoma (ENKTL). With a median follow‐up of 75.03 months, the median overall survival (mOS) for the 195 newly diagnosed stage III/IV ENKTL patients was 19.43 months, and estimated 1‐, 2‐, 3‐ and 5‐year OS were 59.5%, 46.3%, 41.8% and 35.1%, respectively. Chemotherapy (CT) + radiotherapy (RT) compared to CT alone (P = .007), and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) compared to non‐HSCT (P < .001), both improved OS. For patients ≤60 years and ineligible for HSCT, other therapies with complete remission led to comparable OS (P = .141). Nine patients ever treated with chidamide achieved a median progression‐free survival (mPFS) and mOS of 53.63 (range, 3.47‐92.33) and 54.80 (range, 5.50‐95.70) months, and four with chidamide maintenance therapy (MT) achieved a mPFS and mOS of 55.83 (range, 53.27‐92.33) and 60.65 (range, 53.70‐95.70) months, possibly providing an alternative option for non‐HSCT patients. Non‐anthracycline (ANT)‐ compared to ANT‐, asparaginase (Aspa)‐ compared to non‐Aspa‐ and gemcitabine (Gem)‐ compared to non‐Gem‐based regimens, prolonged PFS (P = .031; P = .005; P = .009) and OS (P = .010; P = .086; P = .003), respectively. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that Gem‐based regimens improved PFS (HR = 0.691, P = .061) and OS (HR = 0.624, P = .037). Gem + Aspa combinations slightly improved PFS and OS compared to regimens containing Gem or Aspa alone (P > 0.05). First‐line “intensive therapy,” including CT (particularly Gem + Aspa regimens), RT, HSCT and alternative chidamide MT, was proposed and could improve long‐term survival for advanced‐stage ENKTLs. Ongoing prospective clinical studies may shed further light on the value of chidamide MT.
Inside Cover
Authors: Zhu Yirui , Zhao Yanzhi , Shi Jiulin , Gomez Alvarez‐arenas Tomas E. , Yang Hongwei , Cai Hongling , Zhang Dong , He Xingdao , Wu Xiaoshan
Published: August 2023

A novel ARF‐OCE system based on a ultrasmall ultrasound transducer is presented for in vivo rabbit corneal biomechanics evaluation. This is the smallest ultrasound transducer reported in the literature for nondestructive mechanical excitation of cornea. The biomechanics of healthy corneas, keratoconus, and CXL procedures were evaluated, and the results demonstrate that ARF‐OCE can evaluate the effects of different surgical protocols on corneal biomechanics. This suggests that proposed ARF‐OCE has good clinical translation potential.

For further details please visit the article by Yirui Zhu, Yanzhi Zhao, Jiulin Shi, Tomas E. Gomez Alvarez‐arenas, Hongwei Yang, Hongling Cai, Dong Zhang, Xingdao He, and Xiaoshan Wu (e202300074).

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Genetic counseling in diabetes mellitus: A practice resource of the National Society of Genetic Counselors
Authors: Maloney Kristin A. , Mizerik Elizabeth , King Robin H. , McGinnis Erin M. , Perkowitz Susan , Diamonstein Callie J. , Schmanski Andrew A. , Saliganan Sheila , Shipper Andrea G. , Udler Miriam S. , Guan Yue , Pollin Toni I.
Published: August 2023

Diabetes mellitus is a group of diseases characterized by hyperglycemia and its consequences, affecting over 34 million individuals in the United States and 422 million worldwide. While most diabetes is polygenic and is classified as type 1 (T1D), type 2 (T2D), or gestational diabetes (GDM), at least 0.4% of all diabetes is monogenic in nature. Correct diagnosis of monogenic diabetes has important implications for glycemic management and genetic counseling. We provide this Practice Resource to familiarize the genetic counseling community with (1) the existence of monogenic diabetes, (2) how it differs from more common polygenic/complex diabetes types, (3) the advantage of a correct diagnosis, and (4) guidance for identifying, counseling, and testing patients and families with suspected monogenic diabetes. This document is intended for genetic counselors and other healthcare professionals providing clinical services in any setting, with the goal of maximizing the likelihood of a correct diagnosis of monogenic diabetes and access to related care.
Multimodal management of tenosynovial giant cell tumors (TGCT) in the landscape of new druggable targets
Authors: van der Heijden Lizz , Spierenburg Geert , Kendal Joseph K. , Bernthal Nicholas M. , van de Sande Michiel A. J.
Published: August 2023

Tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TGCT) is a rare, benign, locally aggressive synovial based neoplastic process that can result in functional debilitation and end‐stage arthrtitis. Although surgical resection is the primary treatment modality, novel systemic therapies are emerging as part of the multimodal armamentarium for patients with unresectable or complex disease burden. This review discusses the pathogenesis of TGCT, potential druggable targets and therapeutic approaches. It also evaluates the safety and efficacy of different systemic therapies.
The permutations with n non‐fixed points and the subsets with n elements of a set
Authors: Panasawatwong Supakun , Vejjajiva Pimpen
Published: August 2023

We write and for the cardinalities of the set of permutations with n non‐fixed points and the set of subsets with n elements, respectively, of a set which is of cardinality , where n is a natural number greater than 1. With the Axiom of Choice, and are equal for all infinite cardinals . We show, in ZF, that if is assumed, then for any infinite cardinal . Moreover, the assumption cannot be removed for and the superscript cannot be replaced by n. We also show under that for any infinite cardinal , implies is Dedekind‐infinite.
Anticoagulation strategies in patients with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A network meta‐analysis and systematic review
Authors: Chen Jiale , Chen Guoquan , Zhao Wenyi , Peng Wenxing
Published: August 2023

Objectives

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) plays an important role in providing temporary life support for patients with severe cardiac or pulmonary failure, but requires strict anticoagulation and monitoring. This network meta‐analysis systematically explored the most effective anticoagulation and monitoring strategies for patients receiving ECMO.

Methods

MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched up to January 31, 2023, for studies comparing unfractionated heparin (UFH), argatroban (Arg), bivalirudin (Biv), and/or nafamostat mesylate (NM) in patients receiving ECMO. The primary outcomes included device‐related thrombosis, patient‐related thrombosis, and major bleeding events. The secondary outcomes included ECMO survival, ECMO duration, and in‐hospital mortality.

Results

A total of 2522 patients from 23 trials were included in the study. Biv was associated with a decreased risk of device‐related thrombosis (odd ratio [OR] 0.51, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.33–0.84) compared with UFH, whereas NM (OR 2.2, 95% CI: 0.24–65.0) and Arg (OR 0.92, 95% CI: 0.43–2.0) did not reduce the risk of device‐related thrombosis compared with UFH. Biv was superior to Arg in decreasing the risk of device‐related thrombosis (OR 0.14, 95% CI: 0.03–0.51). Biv reduced the risk of patient‐related thrombosis compared with UFH (OR 0.44, 95% CI: 0.18–0.85); NM (OR 0.65, 95% CI: 0.14–3.3) and Arg (OR 3.1, 95% CI: 0.94–12.0) did not decrease risk of patient‐related thrombosis compared with UFH. No significant difference was observed in the risk of major bleeding between three alternatives and UFH: Biv (OR 0.54, 95% CI: 0.23–1.3), Arg (OR 1.3, 95% CI: 0.34–5.8), and NM (OR 0.60, 95% CI: 0.13–2.6). NM showed a reduced risk of in‐hospital mortality compared with UFH (OR 0.27, 95% CI: 0.091–0.77), whereas Arg (OR 0.43, 95% CI: 0.15–1.2) and Biv (OR 0.75, 95% CI: 0.52–1.1) did not decrease risk of in‐hospital mortality.

Conclusions

Compared with UFH and Arg, Biv reduces the risk of thrombosis and appears to be a better choice for patients requiring ECMO. NM was associated with a reduced risk of in‐hospital mortality.
A top‐down proteomic approach reveals a salivary protein profile able to classify Parkinson's disease with respect to Alzheimer's disease patients and to healthy controls
Authors: Contini Cristina , Fadda Laura , Lai Greca , Masala Carla , Olianas Alessandra , Castagnola Massimo , Messana Irene , Iavarone Federica , Bizzarro Alessandra , Masullo Carlo , Solla Paolo , Defazio Giovanni , Manconi Barbara , Diaz Giacomo , Cabras Tiziana
Published: August 2023

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease with motor and non‐motor symptoms. Diagnosis is complicated by lack of reliable biomarkers. To individuate peptides and/or proteins with diagnostic potential for early diagnosis, severity and discrimination from similar pathologies, the salivary proteome in 36 PD patients was investigated in comparison with 36 healthy controls (HC) and 35 Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. A top‐down platform based on HPLC‐ESI‐IT‐MS allowed characterizing and quantifying intact peptides, small proteins and their PTMs (overall 51). The three groups showed significantly different protein profiles, PD showed the highest levels of cystatin SA and antileukoproteinase and the lowest of cystatin SN and some statherin proteoforms. HC exhibited the lowest abundance of thymosin β4, short S100A9, cystatin A, and dimeric cystatin B. AD patients showed the highest abundance of α‐defensins and short oxidized S100A9. Moreover, different proteoforms of the same protein, as S‐cysteinylated and S‐glutathionylated cystatin B, showed opposite trends in the two pathological groups. Statherin, cystatins SA and SN classified accurately PD from HC and AD subjects. α‐defensins, histatin 1, oxidized S100A9, and P‐B fragments were the best classifying factors between PD and AD patients. Interestingly statherin and thymosin β4 correlated with defective olfactory functions in PD patients. All these outcomes highlighted implications of specific proteoforms involved in the innate‐immune response and inflammation regulation at oral and systemic level, suggesting a possible panel of molecular and clinical markers suitable to recognize subjects affected by PD.
Erythritol sprays reduce Drosophila suzukii infestation without impacting honey bee visitation nor fruit quality
Authors: Lee Jana C , Price Briana E , Adams Chris G , Rutkowski Emily , Choi Man‐Yeon
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Spotted‐wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii, is an economic pest of small fruits and cherries. Insecticides primarily control this pest while alternative controls are in development. Laboratory studies show that erythritol is insecticidal to D. suzukii and other pests while approved for human consumption. Moreover, erythritol combined with sucrose or non‐caloric sucralose can stimulate feeding and quicken mortality. Before growers can use erythritol, the impact on crop protection, non‐target insects, and fruit quality need evaluation.

RESULTS

In three blueberry and cherry field cage trials, oviposition on fruit sprayed with erythritol:sucrose or erythritol:sucralose formulations was lowered by 59%–81% compared with unsprayed controls. Fly infestation (larval or adult counts from fruit) was 90% lower in a greenhouse blueberry trial, and 49% lower in an open field blueberry trial with 2 m erythritol : 0.5 m sucrose. Infestation was also 57% lower in an open field cherry trial with 1.5 m erythritol:0.5 m sucrose. Other field trials with very low pest pressure or frequent rains revealed no differences from controls. Field trials consistently revealed that honey bees did not preferentially visit plants sprayed with either erythritol formulation, although yellow jackets visited plants sprayed with erythritol:sucrose more frequently. Erythritol formulations consistently led to more leaf spotting, but there was no reduction in the quality of treated blueberries or cherries in terms of mold development, firmness, diameter, epidermal penetration force, and Brix° (total soluble solids) at harvest.

CONCLUSION

Eleven trials conducted over four years show that erythritol formulations can reduce D. suzukii pressure without attracting foraging honey bees nor negatively impacting fruit quality. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
P‐1.2: Realization of Visible Detection of InGaZnO Thin‐Film Transistors by Coating (PEA)2PbI4 Light Absorbing Layer
Authors: Xu Xindi , Chen Zhiying , Jiang Zhendong , Chen Feilian , Wan Yunhao , Huang Jinyang , Zhao Yuwei , Tien Ching-Ho , Chen Lung-Chien , Zhang Meng
Published: August 2023

In this work, the visible detection of RF‐sputtered InGaZnO
(IGZO) thin‐film transistor (TFT) is realized by spin‐coating a
light absorption layer of (PEA) 2 PbI 4 on the top of IGZO TFTs.
A large number of carriers flow into the IGZO channel after
visible light illuminations, resulting in the negative shift of the
transfer curves and thus realizing the visible detection. The
IGZO/(PEA)2PbI4 bilayer‐based phototransistors exhibit a
photoresponsibility of 63.2 A/W and detectivity of 1.13 × 1014
Jones under the illumination of green light (550 nm).
P‐1.9: Optimization of InSnZnO Thin‐Film Transistors Based on Ultra‐Low‐Temperature Annealing Process
Authors: Wan Yunhao , Chen Zhiying , Huang Jinyang , Xu Xindi , Zhao Yuwei , Jiang Zhendong , Zhang Meng
Published: August 2023

The application of metal oxide thin‐film transistors (TFTs) in the
field of flexible displays is particularly constrained by the critical
fabrication process temperature. In this work, InSnZnO (ITZO)
TFTs are optimized based on an ultra‐low‐temperature annealing
process. When the annealing temperature and time are respectively
set to 100 ° C and 560 h, ITZO TFTs exhibit decent device electrical
characteristics with field‐effect mobility of ~14.59 cm2V‒1s‒1,
subthreshold swing of ~0.39 mV/dec, and on/off current ratio of
~7.12 × 108. The test results provide the experimental basis of ITZO
TFTs for further flexible applications.
P‐2.11: Research on Scene 3d Reconstruction Technology Based on Multi‐sensor Fusion
Authors: Shen Xi , Li Wanlin
Published: August 2023

3D scene provides reliable prior information for autonomous decision-making of mobile robot, which is the premise of intelligent mobile robot. 3D reconstruction technology realizes data fusion by sensing the environment and registering sensor data multiple times to the same coordinate system to generate offline 3D scene. 3D reconstruction is widely used in cultural relics reconstruction, AR tourism, automatic driving, smart home and video entertainment. This paper mainly uses lidar to fuse IMU data to realize 3D reconstruction of scene. The front-end odometer based on the fusion of lidar and IMU and the global pose optimization and mapping system based on loopback detection are designed. It improves the accuracy of the simultaneous positioning and mapping system and ensures the real-time performance
P‐2.24: A Survey of Privacy Protection Research based on Virtual Reality
Authors: Wu Chensi , Yang Lvlin , Zhao Xiaoying , Sun Qifeng
Published: August 2023

Virtual reality is immersive, personalized, and highly interactive. The data is rich and diverse, and privacy involves a wide range. It is crucial to study the privacy protection of virtual reality. This paper introduces the development process of virtual reality privacy protection in detail. From the form of data generation, the virtual reality privacy protection system is proposed, divided into perception, transmission, application, and interaction. According to the shortcomings of current research, the pending problems and possible solutions faced in virtual reality privacy protection are summarized.
Identification and Calibration Method of Deviation of Main Transformer Online Monitoring Date Groups
Authors: Yuan Juntao , Zhu Ziwei , Tong Chao , Xu Yong , Zhai Jialu , Zhou Mengyao
Published: August 2023

Dissolved gas in transformer oil (DGA) online monitoring data can reflect equipment insulation performance, which provides an important basis for transformer condition assessment. The accuracy of online monitoring data directly affects the correctness of transformer condition assessment, and the health condition of the online monitoring data device also affects the effectiveness and reasonableness of online monitoring data. With the accumulation of operation time, the DGA online monitoring device faces many problems, resulting in the overall deviation of this indicator data from the actual value, and the transformer online monitoring device cannot play its monitoring effect. To solve these problems, this paper firstly linearizes the data of the DGA online monitoring device by segmentation, extracts the characteristics of the line segment curve, constructs a segmented correlation mining model, and mines the correlation of different indicators of DGA. Then, according to the change of correlation strength and weakness between online monitoring data in time sequence, the data deviation is tracked. Finally, a multi‐indicator back propagation (BP) neural network algorithm optimized by the genetic simulated annealing algorithm is constructed to calibrate the deviated data. The analysis shows that the method can identify the population deviation of online monitoring data and calibrate the deviated data effectively. © 2023 Institute of Electrical Engineer of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Process parameter study and kinetic of remazol dye adsorption onto local rice husk‐based organic porous materials
Authors: Rahim Nurul Elia Aqila Abu , Azelee Nur Izyan Wan , Ghazali Mohd Nazlee Faisal Md , Ismail Noor Mohd Syeqqal , Abdul Manas Nor Hasmaliana
Published: August 2023

Remazol Brilliant Blue dye (RBB) is a harmful dye from the textile industry that can damage the environment and aquatic life. Since RBB is impossible to degrade in water by primary and secondary wastewater treatment, its removal is a challenge. An excellent treatment procedure is urgently anticipated to avoid the pollution spreading into the environment. Moreover, rice husk waste (RH) in Malaysia is abundant and generally dumped into landfills. Turning the waste into a value‐added product such as biochar as an effective adsorbent material for treating water pollutants is one of the initiatives in realizing the circular economy agenda. This study develops an organic porous material of biochar from RH and assesses the kinetic of RBB adsorption onto the rice husk biochar (RHB) in aqueous solution. The production of RHB was optimized by pyrolysis procedure at various temperatures, times, and particle sizes. The removal of RBB dye by RHB was investigated at different exposure times from 0 to 120 min under 100 rpm shaken and immersed conditions. The reduction of RBB concentrations using different RHB pyrolysis conditions has also been investigated. The dye removal efficiency by RHB increased with time and the highest removal efficiency (69.3%) was achieved by the smallest particle size of RHB which was produced at the highest pyrolysis temperature of 400°C (RHB‐400). The total pore volume and BET surface area of RHB‐400 were found to be 50.4827 m2/g and 0.00875 cm3/g, respectively. The adsorption kinetic study signifies that maximum adsorption has been completed within 90–120 min depending on the RHB conditions whereas two kinetic models such as pseudo‐first order and pseudo‐second order kinetic models were utilized to fit the experimental data and the results are more consistent with pseudo‐second order kinetic models. This study revealed that RHB can be used as adsorbent materials for dye removals, yet it is economical, environmentally friendly, and sustainable.