bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Personalized Temporomandibular Joint Total Alloplastic Replacement as a Solution to Help Patients with Non-Osteosynthesizable Comminuted Mandibular Head Fractures
Authors: Pruszyńska Paulina , Kozakiewicz Marcin , Szymor Piotr , Wach Tomasz
Published: September 2024

Background: Treatment methods for mandibular head fractures are controversial, although effective techniques for open reduction and rigid fixation (ORIF) have been known since the late 1990s. Notably, some forms of posttraumatic comminution of the mandibular head can be reduced or fixed. Methods: This study presents a personalized treatment to cure patients with nonreduced comminuted fractures of the mandibular head: total temporomandibular joint alloplastic replacement (18 patients). The reference group included patients who underwent ORIF (11 patients). Results: Personalized alloplastic joint replacements resulted in a more stable mandibular ramus after three months compared with ORIF. Conclusions: The authors recommend not performing osteosynthesis when the height of the mandibular ramus cannot be stably restored or when periosteal elevation from most of the mandibular head is necessary for ORIF. Personalized TMJ replacement should be considered in such patients. Personalized medicine allows patients to maintain a normal mandibular ramus height for a long period of time.
Postural Stability in Children with Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Szopa Andrzej , Domagalska-Szopa Małgorzata
Published: September 2024

Background: A lack of postural control is one of the key problems in children with cerebral palsy (CP). The goals of the present study were to assess static postural stability in children with mild CP using a force platform compared to that of typically developing peers and to identify differences in static stability between children with hemiplegic and diplegic CP. Methods: This study included 45 children with hemiplegic CP and 45 children with well-functioning diplegic CP (Gross Motor Function Classification System; GMFCS scores between I and II) who were patients of local paediatric rehabilitation centres. The testing procedure included two interrelated parts: (1) the analysis of the body weight distribution and (2) the posturometric test (the centre of pressure; CoP measurements) using the force platform. Results: The results of the present study show that children with CP, compared to their TD peers, demonstrated significantly higher values for all of the analysed indexes of postural stability. The obtained results indicate differences in disorders of static postural stability between children with hemiplegic and diplegic CP. Compared to their TD peers, children with hemiplegic CP showed greater body weight asymmetry between the affected and unaffected sides of the body and greater CoP sway in the medial–lateral direction. In contrast, children with diplegic CP exhibited greater CoP displacements in the anterior–posterior direction. Conclusions: The findings of the present study show that (1) children with CP have increased static postural instability compared to their TD peers and (2) children with diplegic CP exhibit weaker mediolateral stability in standing, whereas children with hemiplegic CP show reduced anterior–posterior stability.
Association of Renal Hyperfiltration with Incidence of New-Onset Diabetes Mellitus: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Kim Min-Ju , Kang Min Kyoung , Hong Ye-Seon , Leem Gwang Hyun , Song Tae-Jin
Published: September 2024

Background and Objectives: While the connection between decreased kidney function and diabetes mellitus (DM) is commonly acknowledged, there is insufficient research examining the relationship between higher-than-normal estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and the incidence risk of new-onset DM. Our research aimed to explore the relationship between an eGFR and the incidence risk of new-onset DM in the Korean general population through a nationwide longitudinal study. Methods: This research employed the cohort records of the National Health Insurance Service in Korea, analyzing records from 2,294,358 individuals between the ages of 20 and 79 who underwent health check-ups between 2010 and 2011. The eGFR levels from the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation were used to assess the renal function. New-onset DM was defined as two or more claims with the International Classification of Diseases-10 classification codes E10 to E14, being prescribed any medication for lowering blood glucose, or having a record of fasting plasma glucose levels of ≥126 mg/dL from a health examination after the index date. Results: The mean age of subjects was 47.34 ± 13.76 years. The 150,813 (6.57%) new-onset DM cases were identified over a median follow-up of 9.63 years. In the multivariable Cox regression analysis, in comparison with the 5th decile, the 10th (≥114.12 mL/min/1.73 m2) (hazard ratio (HR): 0.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.50–0.54), p < 0.001) eGFR decile was significantly associated with a decreased incidence of new-onset DM. Moreover, eGFR >120 mL/min/1.73 m2 was associated with a reduced risk of new-onset DM (HR: 0.40, 95% CI (0.39–0.42), p < 0.001). These results were consistent regardless of the presence of impaired glucose tolerance, age, or obesity. Conclusion: Our study showed higher-than-normal eGFR levels were associated with a lower risk of incidence for new-onset DM regardless of the presence of impaired glucose tolerance, age, or obesity. In general population, higher-than-normal eGFR may be associated with a lower risk of incidence of new-onset DM.
Nanotechnology and Its Application in Dentistry: A Systematic Review of Recent Advances and Innovations
Authors: Dipalma Gianna , Inchingolo Alessio Danilo , Guglielmo Mariafrancesca , Morolla Roberta , Palumbo Irene , Riccaldo Lilla , Mancini Antonio , Palermo Andrea , Malcangi Giuseppina , Inchingolo Angelo Michele , Inchingolo Francesco
Published: September 2024

Background: This study looks at the clinical applications of nanotechnology in dentistry, with an emphasis on implantology, preventive care, orthodontics, restorative dentistry, and endodontics. Methods: Following PRISMA criteria and registered in PROSPERO (ID: CRD 564245), a PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science search was conducted for studies from January 2014 to April 2024. The criteria were English-language research on nanotechnology in dental coatings, with a focus on clinical trials and observational studies. The electronic database search yielded 8881 publications. Following the screening process, 17 records were selected for qualitative analysis. Results: Nanotechnology has revolutionized dentistry. In orthodontics, nanoparticles improve antibacterial characteristics, durability, and biocompatibility, lowering bacterial colonization and plaque. In preventative care, Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACP) combined with stannous fluoride (SnF2) and nano-sized sodium trimetaphosphate (TMPnano) substantially remineralizes enamel. Nanostructured surfaces in dental implants, particularly those containing calcium, improve osseointegration and stability. Nanoparticles in restorative dentistry improve composite and adhesive strength, aesthetics, and longevity. Conclusions: Nanotechnology improves dental materials and equipment, resulting in better treatment outcomes and increased patient comfort. Its integration provides more effective treatments, which improves dental care and patient outcomes. More research is needed to overcome present problems and expand nanotechnology’s medicinal applications.
Impact of Reverberation on Speech Perception in Noise in Bimodal/Bilateral Cochlear Implant Users with and without Residual Hearing
Authors: König Clara , Baumann Uwe , Stöver Timo , Weissgerber Tobias
Published: September 2024

(1) Background: The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of reverberation on speech perception in noise and spatial release from masking (SRM) in bimodal or bilateral cochlear implant (CI) users and CI subjects with low-frequency residual hearing using combined electric–acoustic stimulation (EAS). (2) Methods: In total, 10 bimodal, 14 bilateral CI users and 14 EAS users, and 17 normal hearing (NH) controls, took part in the study. Speech reception thresholds (SRTs) in unmodulated noise were assessed in co-located masker condition (S0N0) with a spatial separation of speech and noise (S0N60) in both free-field and loudspeaker-based room simulation for two different reverberation times. (3) Results: There was a significant detrimental effect of reverberation on SRTs and SRM in all subject groups. A significant difference between the NH group and all the CI/EAS groups was found. There was no significant difference in SRTs between any CI and EAS group. Only NH subjects achieved spatial release from masking in reverberation, whereas no beneficial effect of spatial separation of speech and noise was found in any CI/EAS group. (4) Conclusions: The subject group with electric–acoustic stimulation did not yield a superior outcome in terms of speech perception in noise under reverberation when the noise was presented towards the better hearing ear.
One-Year Analysis of Autologous Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells as Adjuvant Therapy in Treatment of Diabetic Revascularizable Patients Affected by Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia: Real-World Data from Italian Registry ROTARI
Authors: Furgiuele Sergio , Cappello Enrico , Ruggeri Massimo , Camilli Daniele , Palasciano Giancarlo , Guerrieri Massimiliano Walter , Michelagnoli Stefano , Dorrucci Vittorio , Pompeo Francesco
Published: September 2024

Wounds in diabetic patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) may be poorly responsive to revascularization and conventional therapies. Background/Objective: This study’s objective is to analyze the results of regenerative cell therapy with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) as an adjuvant to revascularization. Methods: This study is based on 168 patients treated with endovascular revascularization below the knee plus three PBMNC implants. The follow-up included clinical outcomes at 1-2-3-6 and 12 months based on amputations, wound healing, pain, and TcPO2. Results: The results at 1 year for 122 cases showed a limb rescue rate of 94.26%, a complete wound healing in 65.59% of patients, and an improvement in the wound area, significant pain relief, and increased peripheral oxygenation. In total, 64.51% of patients completely healed at 6 months, compared to the longer wound healing time reported in the literature in the same cohort of patients, suggesting that PBMNCs have an adjuvant effect in wound healing after revascularization. Conclusions: PBMNC regenerative therapy is a safe and promising treatment for diabetic PAD. In line with previous experiences, this registry shows improved healing in diabetic patients with below-the-knee arteriopathy. The findings support the use of this cell therapy and advocate for further research.
Numerical Assessment of the Effect of CFRP Anchorages on the Flexural and Shear Strengthening Performance of RC Beams
Authors: Ayyobi Pedram , Barros Joaquim António Oliveira , Dias Salvador José Esteves
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the effectiveness of a hybrid solution that combines carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) systems for the flexural and shear strengthening of T-cross section reinforced concrete (RC) beams. The hybrid solution consists of near-surface mounted CFRP laminates for flexural enhancement and externally bonded U-shaped CFRP strips for shear strengthening. Moreover, an innovative CFRP anchorage system is proposed to prevent premature debonding of the U-CFRP strips and to improve their shear contribution. To address the limitations of the experimental program and propose an efficient and design-oriented simulation approach for NSM-EBR strengthening RC beams with the innovative anchorage system, a comprehensive numerical investigation was conducted by considering the key parameters affecting the performance of the strengthened system. This paper presents the results of an experimental program and a nonlinear finite element analysis that simulate the behavior of the materials up to their failure and the bond conditions between CFRP and concrete. This study also includes a numerical parametric study to assess the effectiveness of the proposed strengthening concept with several possible scenarios, as well as the predictive performance of the fib Bulletin 90 and ACI 440.2R-17 formulations.
Development of a Method and a Smart System for Tool Critical Life Real-Time Monitoring
Authors: Wang Shih-Ming , Tsou Wan-Shing , Huang Jian-Wei , Chen Shao-En , Wu Chia-Che
Published: September 2024

Tool wear management and real-time machining quality monitoring are pivotal components of realizing smart manufacturing objectives, as they directly influence machining precision and productivity. Traditionally, measuring and analyzing cutting force fluctuations in the time domain has been employed to diagnose tool wear effects. This study introduces a novel, indirect approach that leverages spindle-load current variations as a proxy for cutting force analysis. Compared to conventional methods relying on machining vibration or direct cutting force measurement, this technique provides a safer, simpler, and more cost-effective means of data aquisition, with reduced computational demands. Consequently, it is ideally suited for real-time monitoring and long-term analyses such as tool-life prediction and surface-roughness evolution induced by tool wear. An intelligent tool wear monitoring system was developed based on spindle-load current data. The system employs extensive cutting experiments to identify and analyze the correlation between tool wear and spindle-load current signal patterns. By establishing a tool wear near-end-of-life threshold, the system enables intelligent monitoring using C#. Experimental validation under both roughing and finishing conditions demonstrated the system’s exceptional diagnostic accuracy and reliability. The results demonstrate that the current ratio threshold value has good universality in different materials, indicating that monitoring the machining current ratio to estimate the degree of tool wear is a feasible research direction, and that the average error between the experimental surface-roughness measurement value and the predicted value was 10%.
Metabolomic Profiling and Biological Investigation of the Marine Sponge-Derived Fungus Aspergillus sp. SYPUF29 in Response to NO Condition
Authors: Xiao Jiao , Lin Xiuping , Yang Yanqiu , Yu Yingshu , Li Yinyin , Xu Mengjie , Liu Yonghong
Published: September 2024

Marine-derived fungi are assuming an increasingly central role in the search for natural leading compounds with unique chemical structures and diverse pharmacological properties. However, some gene clusters are not expressed under laboratory conditions. In this study, we have found that a marine-derived fungus Aspergillus sp. SYPUF29 would survive well by adding an exogenous nitric oxide donor (sodium nitroprusside, SNP) and nitric oxide synthetase inhibitor (L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester, L-NAME) in culture conditions. Moreover, using the LC-MS/MS, we initially assessed and characterized the difference in metabolites of Aspergillus sp. SYPUF29 with or without an additional source of nitrogen. We have found that the metabolic pathway of Arginine and proline metabolism pathways was highly enriched, which was conducive to the accumulation of alkaloids and nitrogen-containing compounds after adding an additional source of nitrogen in the cultivated condition. Additionally, the in vitro anti-neuroinflammatory study showed that the extracts after SNP and L-NAME were administrated can potently inhibit LPS-induced NO-releasing of BV2 cells with lower IC50 value than without nitric oxide. Further Western blotting assays have demonstrated that the mechanism of these extracts was associated with the TLR4 signaling pathway. Additionally, the chemical investigation was conducted and led to nine compounds (SF1–SF9) from AS1; and six of them belonged to alkaloids and nitrogen-containing compounds (SF1–SF6), of which SF1, SF2, and SF8 exhibited stronger activities than the positive control, and showed potential to develop the inhibitors of neuroinflammation.
Advancements in Diagnosis and Management of Distal Radioulnar Joint Instability: A Comprehensive Review Including a New Classification for DRUJ Injuries
Authors: Dmour Awad , Tirnovanu Stefan-Dragos , Popescu Dragos-Cristian , Forna Norin , Pinteala Tudor , Dmour Bianca-Ana , Savin Liliana , Veliceasa Bogdan , Filip Alexandru , Carp Adrian Claudiu , Sirbu Paul Dan , Alexa Ovidiu
Published: September 2024

Distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) instability is a complex condition that can severely affect forearm function, causing pain, limited range of motion, and reduced strength. This review aims to consolidate current knowledge on the diagnosis and management of DRUJ instability, emphasizing a new classification system that we propose. The review synthesizes anatomical and biomechanical factors essential for DRUJ stability, focusing on the interrelationship between the bones and surrounding soft tissues. Our methodology involved a thorough examination of recent studies, incorporating clinical assessments and advanced imaging techniques such as MRI, ultrasound, and dynamic CT. This approach allowed us to develop a classification system that categorizes DRUJ injuries into three distinct grades. This system is intended to be practical for both clinical and radiological evaluations, offering clear guidance for treatment based on injury severity. The review discusses a range of treatment options, from conservative measures like splinting and physiotherapy to surgical procedures, including arthroscopy and DRUJ arthroplasty. The proposed classification system enhances the accuracy of diagnosis and supports more effective decision making in clinical practice. In summary, our findings suggest that the integration of advanced imaging techniques with minimally invasive surgical interventions can lead to better outcomes for patients. This review serves as a valuable resource for clinicians, providing a structured approach to managing DRUJ instability and improving patient care through the implementation of our new classification system.
Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomics for Classification and Treatment Optimisation of Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Metwali Essraa , Pennington Stephen
Published: September 2024

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) presents a significant medical challenge due to its highly invasive nature, high rate of metastasis, and lack of drug-targetable receptors, which together lead to poor prognosis and limited treatment options. The traditional treatment guidelines for early TNBC are based on a multimodal approach integrating chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation and are associated with low overall survival and high relapse rates. Therefore, the approach to treating early TNBC has shifted towards neoadjuvant treatment (NAC), given to the patient before surgery and which aims to reduce tumour size, reduce the risk of recurrence, and improve the pathological complete response (pCR) rate. However, recent studies have shown that NAC is associated with only 30% of patients achieving pCR. Thus, novel predictive biomarkers are essential if treatment decisions are to be optimised and chemotherapy toxicities minimised. Given the heterogeneity of TNBC, mass spectrometry-based proteomics technologies offer valuable tools for the discovery of targetable biomarkers for prognosis and prediction of toxicity. These biomarkers can serve as critical targets for therapeutic intervention. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of TNBC diagnosis and treatment, highlighting the need for a new approach. Specifically, it highlights how mass spectrometry-based can address key unmet clinical needs by identifying novel protein biomarkers to distinguish and early prognostication between TNBC patient groups who are being treated with NAC. By integrating proteomic insights, we anticipate enhanced treatment personalisation, improved clinical outcomes, and ultimately, increased survival rates for TNBC patients.
Market Mavericks in Emerging Economies: Redefining Sales Velocity and Profit Surge in Today’s Dynamic Business Environment
Authors: Lulaj Enkeleda , Dragusha Blerta , Lulaj Donjeta
Published: September 2024

This research aims to explore market mavericks by redefining sales velocity and profit surge in today’s dynamic business environment in emerging economies. The study focuses on the interplay between Sales Excellence (SE), Sales Capability (SC), Market Alignment (MA), Strategic Responsiveness (SR), and Dynamic Sales Management (DSM). Data from 180 companies (2021–2023), provided by financial leaders, were analyzed using SPSS (23.0) and AMOS (23.0) software. The analysis employed exploratory factor analysis (EFA), reliability analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The results highlight the critical role of these factors in shaping market mavericks and their significant impact on sales and profits in emerging economies. Specifically, SE enhances sales and profits when supported by effective strategies, SC drives organizational change by aligning service quality with SE, and MA drives sales velocity and profit surges through accurate forecasting. SR positively influences sales results by aligning sales with corporate strategy, while DSM is critical for motivating salespeople and shows strong links to SC and SR for successful adaptation in a dynamic business environment. The study reveals the interdependence of these factors and emphasizes the need for seamless integration and coordination to drive effective organizational change. These findings have significant implications for corporations seeking to improve their sales strategies and achieve sustainable growth in a rapidly evolving marketplace in emerging economies. This research explores market mavericks, redefines sales velocity and profit surge, and provides valuable insights into the critical factors shaping market mavericks and their impact on sales and profits. It offers guidance for organizations seeking sustainable growth.
Do Corporate Ethics Enhance Financial Analysts’ Behavior and Performance?
Authors: Ben Hassine Sana , Francoeur Claude
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the relationship between corporate ethics and the information intermediation element of public companies’ information environment. Drawing on the well-established virtue, deontological, and consequential ethical theories, we predict that higher corporate ethics standards have a positive effect on financial analysts’ behavior and earnings forecasts. Using a sample of 5276 firm-year observations from 780 publicly listed US companies, multivariate regression analyses document a significant positive association between company’s level of ethical commitment and analyst coverage and forecast accuracy. Furthermore, the results show that firms with fewer incidents of ethical misconduct are associated with higher analyst consensus. These findings hold across a battery of robustness tests and indicate that a firm’s ethical commitment enhances its corporate information environment and allows financial analysts to play a more effective intermediary role in capital markets.
Stacked Ensemble Model for the Automatic Valuation of Residential Properties in South Korea: A Case Study on Jeju Island
Authors: Kim Woosung , Hong Jengei
Published: September 2024

While the use of machine learning (ML) in automated real estate valuation is growing, research on stacking ML models into ensembles remains limited. In this paper, we propose a stacked ensemble model for valuing residential properties. By applying our models to a comprehensive dataset of residential real estate transactions from Jeju Island, spanning 2012 to 2021, we demonstrate that the predictive power of ML-based models can be enhanced. Our findings indicate that the stacked ensemble model, which combines predictions using ridge regression, outperforms all individual algorithms across multiple metrics. This model not only minimizes prediction errors but also provides the most stable and consistent results, as evidenced by the lowest standard deviation in both absolute errors and absolute percentage errors. Additionally, we employed the decision tree method to analyze the conditions under which specific features yield more accurate results or less reliable outcomes. It was observed that both the size and age of an apartment significantly impact prediction performance, with smaller and older complexes exhibiting lower accuracy and higher error rates.
The Genetic Architecture of Congenital Heart Disease in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Patients—The Experience of University Medical Centre, Ljubljana
Authors: Peterlin Ana , Bertok Sara , Writzl Karin , Lovrečić Luca , Maver Aleš , Peterlin Borut , Debeljak Maruša , Nosan Gregor
Published: September 2024

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most commonly detected congenital anomaly and affects up to 1% of all live-born neonates. Current guidelines support the use of chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) as diagnostic approaches to identify genetic causes. The aim of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic yield of CMA and NGS in a cohort of neonates with both isolated and syndromic CHD. The present study included 188 infants under 28 days of age with abnormal echocardiography findings hospitalized at the Department of Neonatology, UMC Ljubljana, between January 2014 and December 2023. Phenotypic data were obtained for each infant via retrospective medical chart review. We established the genetic diagnosis of 22 distinct syndromes in 17% (32/188) of neonates. The most frequent genetic diagnoses in diagnosed cases were 22q11.2 microdeletion and CHARGE syndromes, followed by Noonan syndrome and Williams syndrome. In addition, we detected variants of uncertain significance in 4.8% (9/188) of neonates. Timely genetic diagnosis is important for the detection of syndrome-related comorbidities, prognosis, reproductive genetic risks and, when appropriate, genetic testing of other family members.
The Clavien–Dindo Classification for Body-Contouring Surgery Complications: Evaluation of 602 Cases
Authors: Pollhammer Michael S. , Duscher Dominik , Pagani Andrea , Zaussinger Maximilian , Wenny Raphael , Zucal Isabel , Schmidt Manfred , Prantl Lukas , Huemer Georg M.
Published: September 2024

Background: Due to the high frequency of postoperative complications after body-contouring surgeries, the need for a unifying postoperative complication grading system that correlates with outcomes is of key importance. Here we therefore consider the application of the Clavien–Dindo classification to evaluate postoperative complications after body-contouring surgeries. Methods: A retrospective study on 602 patients who underwent body-contouring surgery between 2009 and 2015 at our institution was performed. The length of hospital stays, age, sex, follow-up visits, and postoperative complications were evaluated and classified using the Clavien–Dindo classification. Results: We raised a total of 672 body-contouring procedures on 602 patients (563 female, 39 male). According to the Clavien–Dindo System, the severity of postoperative complications following body-contouring procedures was significantly correlated with the duration of hospitalization (mean 5.8 ± 2.7 days) and the number of follow-up visits (mean 4.4 ± 4.7). Conclusions: The Clavien–Dindo classification offers a valid prediction for postoperative hospital stay and the number of follow-up visits after body-reshaping surgery. By becoming a validated and reliable grading system that correlates patients’ outcomes after body-contouring procedures, this classification has the potential to significantly improve patients’ healthcare and quality of life.
Computed Tomography and Fluorescence Spectroscopy Blood Plasma Analysis Study for Kynurenic Acid as a Diagnostic Approach to Chronic Coenurosis in Sheep
Authors: Olar Loredana Elena , Tomoiagă Vasile Daniel , Mârza Sorin Marian , Papuc Ionel , Beteg Ioan Florin , Peștean Petru Cosmin , Musteață Mihai , Lăcătuș Caroline Maria , Marica Raluca , Pașca Paula Maria , Purdoiu Robert Cristian , Lăcătuș Radu
Published: September 2024

Coenurosis is a parasitic disease caused by the larval stage of Taenia multiceps, Coenurus cerebralis, typically found in the central nervous system of different livestock such as sheep and goats. The blood plasma from fifteen clinically healthy sheep and six sheep with neurological symptoms was studied by fluorescence spectroscopy in order to establish the contribution of kynurenic acid (KYNA), the neuroprotective metabolite of the kynurenine pathway, to the total fluorescence of the plasma. CT scans were used to confirm the presence of cysts in the central nervous system of sheep with neurological symptoms. The fluorescence spectroscopy analysis and further spectra deconvolution process revealed some significantly lower KYNA contributions to the total plasma fluorescence in sheep with coenurosis compared to healthy controls. Our results indicate that KYNA emission parameters could serve as valuable diagnostic markers, particularly for detecting preclinical cases of coenurosis, thus allowing for improved farm management practices.
Ranking and Challenges of Supply Chain Companies Using MCDM Methodology
Authors: Momena Alaa Fouad , Gazi Kamal Hossain , Rahaman Mostafijur , Sobczak Anna , Salahshour Soheil , Mondal Sankar Prasad , Ghosh Arijit
Published: September 2024

Background: Supply chain companies have merits and demerits regarding operational and economic transactional policies. The effectiveness of supply chain companies corresponds to a cumulative score on a multi-criteria and perspectives-based evaluation. In this paper, we analyse the performances and challenges of several celebrated e-commerce companies to perceive their overall impression of supply chain management. Method: A mathematical model is framed as a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem with challenges as criteria and companies as alternatives. The criteria importance through inter-criteria correlation (CRITIC) method is used in this paper to adjust weights representing the available data. The ranking of e-commerce companies is evaluated using multi-objective optimization by ratio analysis plus the full multiplicative form (MULTIMOORA) method. Results: This model investigates the most dependent criteria and sub-criteria for the adaptation challenges of supply chain companies (SCCs). Furthermore, the SCCs are prioritized based on various conflicting criteria. Conclusion: Various challenges of SCCs, like logistics constraints, disruptions in supply chains, issues with technology, ethical sourcing and inconsistency between the products’ availability and the pace of consumption, are considered and analysed. We amassed the difficulties as criteria and sub-criteria in a numerical process using the MCDM approach. Additionally, the sensitivity and comparative of several optimal phenomena are analysed based on distinctive combinations of challenges in the ranking arena.
Highly Porous Co-Al Intermetallic Created by Thermal Explosion Using NaCl as a Space Retainer
Authors: Yu Yonghao , Zhou Dapeng , Qiao Lei , Feng Peizhong , Kang Xueqin , Yang Chunmin
Published: September 2024

Co-Al porous materials were fabricated by thermal explosion (TE) reactions from Co and Al powders in a 1:1 ratio using NaCl as a space retainer. The effects of the NaCl content on the temperature profiles, phase structure, volume change, density, pore distribution and antioxidation behavior were investigated. The results showed that the sintered product of Co and Al powders was solely Co-Al intermetallic, while the final product was Co4Al13 with an abundant Co phase and minor Co2Al5 and Co-Al phases after added NaCl dissolved out, due to the high Tig and low Tc. The open porosity of sintered Co-Al compound was sensibly improved to 79.5% after 80 wt.% of the added NaCl dissolved out. Moreover, porous Co-Al intermetallic exhibited an inherited pore structure, including large pores originating from the dissolution of NaCl and small pores in the matrix caused by volume expansion due to TE reaction. The interconnected large and small pores make the open cellular Co-Al intermetallic suitable for broad application prospects in liquid–gas separation and filtration.
Structural Changes in High-Entropy Alloys CoCrFeNi and CoCrFeMnNi, Irradiated by He Ions at a Temperature of 700 °C
Authors: Ivanov Igor , Amanzhulov Bauyrzhan , Uglov Vladimir , Zlotski Sergey , Kurakhmedov Alisher , Koloberdin Mikhail , Sapar Asset , Ungarbayev Yerulan , Zdorovets Maxim
Published: September 2024

High-entropy alloys (HEA) are promising structural materials that will successfully resist high-temperature irradiation with helium ions and radiation-induced swelling in new generations of nuclear reactors. In this paper, changes in the elemental and phase composition, surface morphology, and structure of CoCrFeNi and CoCrFeMnNi HEAs irradiated with He2+ ions at a temperature of 700 °C were studied. Structural studies were mainly conducted using the X-ray diffraction method. The formation of a porous surface structure with many microchannels (open blisters) was observed. The average diameter of the blisters in CoCrFeMnNi is around 1.3 times smaller than in CoCrFeNi. It was shown that HEAs’ elemental and phase compositions are stable under high-temperature irradiation. It was revealed that, in the region of the peak of implanted helium, high-temperature irradiation leads to the growth of tensile macrostresses in CoCrFeNi by 3.6 times and the formation of compressive macrostresses (−143 MPa) in CoCrFeMnNi; microstresses in the HEAs increase by 2.4 times; and the dislocation density value increases by 4.3 and 7.5 times for CoCrFeNi and CoCrFeMnNi, respectively. The formation of compressive macrostresses and a higher value of dislocation density indicate that the CoCrFeMnNi HEA tends to have greater radiation resistance compared to CoCrFeNi.
Development of a Superhydrophobic Protection Mechanism and Coating Materials for Cement Concrete Surfaces
Authors: Zhao Zihao , Qi Shuai , Suo Zhi , Hu Tao , Hu Jiaheng , Liu Tiezheng , Gong Mengyang
Published: September 2024

In order to further enhance the erosion resistance of cement concrete pavement materials, this study constructed an apparent rough hydrophobic structure layer by spraying a micro-nano substrate coating on the surface layer of the cement concrete pavement. This was followed by a secondary spray of a hydroxy-silicone oil-modified epoxy resin and a low surface energy-modified substance paste, which combine to form a superhydrophobic coating. The hydrophobic mechanism of the coating was then analysed. Firstly, the effects of different types and ratios of micro-nano substrates on the apparent morphology and hydrophobic performance of the rough structure layer were explored through contact angle testing and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Subsequently, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and permeation gel chromatography were employed to ascertain the optimal modification ratio, temperature, and reaction mechanism of hydroxy-silicone oil with E51 type epoxy resin. Additionally, the mechanical properties of the modified epoxy resin-low surface energy-modified substance paste were evaluated through tensile tests. Finally, the erosion resistance of the superhydrophobic coating was tested under a range of conditions, including acidic, alkaline, de-icer, UV ageing, freeze-thaw cycles and wet wheel wear. The results demonstrate that relying solely on the rough structure of the concrete surface makes it challenging to achieve superhydrophobic performance. A rough structure layer constructed with diamond micropowder and hydrophobic nano-silica is less prone to cracking and can form more “air chamber” structures on the surface, with better wear resistance and hydrophobic performance. The ring-opening reaction products that occur during the preparation of modified epoxy resin will severely affect its mechanical strength after curing. Controlling the reaction temperature and reactant ratio can effectively push the modification reaction of epoxy resin through dehydration condensation, which produces more grafted polymer. It is noteworthy that the grafted polymer content is positively correlated with the hydrophobicity of the modified epoxy resin. The superhydrophobic coating exhibited enhanced erosion resistance (based on hydrochloric acid), UV ageing resistance, abrasion resistance, and freeze-thaw damage resistance to de-icers by 19.41%, 18.36%, 43.17% and 87.47%, respectively, in comparison to the conventional silane-based surface treatment.
Biomacromolecules as Immunomodulators: Utilizing Nature’s Tools for Immune Regulation
Authors: Miteva Dimitrina , Kitanova Meglena , Velikova Tsvetelina
Published: September 2024

Although there are numerous available immunomodulators, those of natural origin would be preferable based on their safety profile and effectiveness. The research and clinical interest in immunomodulators have increased in the last decades, especially in the immunomodulatory properties of plant-based therapies. Innovative technologies and extensive study on immunomodulatory natural products, botanicals, extracts, and active moieties with immunomodulatory potential could provide us with valuable entities to develop as novel immunomodulatory medicines to enhance current chemotherapies. This review focuses on plant-based immunomodulatory drugs that are currently in clinical studies. However, further studies in this area are of utmost importance to obtain complete information about the positive effects of medicinal plants and their chemical components and molecules as an alternative to combatting various diseases and/or prevention.
Correction: Grewal et al. Structural and Photocatalytic Studies on Oxygen Hyperstoichiometric Titanium-Substituted Strontium Ferrite Nanoparticles. Magnetochemistry 2022, 8, 120
Authors: Grewal Jaspreet Kaur , Kaur Manpreet , Sharma Rajeev K. , Oliveira Aderbal C. , Garg Vijayendra Kumar , Sharma Virender K.
Published: September 2024

The authors wish to make a change to the published paper [...]
Performance Analysis of a New Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access Design for Mitigating Information Loss
Authors: Park Sang-Wook , Kim Hyoung-Do , Shin Kyung-Ho , Kim Jin-Woo , Seo Seung-Hwan , Choi Yoon-Ju , You Young-Hwan , Moon Yeon-Kug , Song Hyoung-Kyu
Published: September 2024

This paper proposes a scheme that adds XOR bit operations into the encoding and decoding process of the conventional non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system to alleviate performance degradation caused by the power distribution of the original signal. Because the conventional NOMA combines and sends multiple data within limited resources, it has a higher data rate than orthogonal multiple access (OMA), at the expense of error performance. However, by using the proposed scheme, both error performance and sum rate can be improved. In the proposed scheme, the transmitter sends the original data and the redundancy data in which the exclusive OR (XOR) values of the data are compressed using the superposition coding (SC) technique. After this process, the data rate of users decreases due to redundancy data, but since the original data are sent without power allocation, the data rate of users with poor channel conditions increases compared to the conventional NOMA. As a result, the error performance and sum rate of the proposed scheme are better than those of the conventional NOMA. Additionally, we derive an exact closed-form bit error rate (BER) expression for the proposed downlink NOMA design over Rayleigh fading channels.
Impact of Perioperative Lidocaine on Neutrophil Extracellular Trapping and Serum Cytokines in Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy: Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Shin Dongho , Kim Jiheon , Lee Subin , Chae Min Suk
Published: September 2024

Background and Objective: This randomized controlled trial investigated the influence of perioperative lidocaine administration on the postoperative inflammatory response in patients undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy, with the results having potential implications for postoperative recovery and cancer recurrence via neutrophil extracellular trapping (NETosis). Materials and Methods: In total, 58 patients with localized prostate cancer were randomly assigned to receive an intravenous infusion of 2% lidocaine or a saline placebo intraoperatively. Serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and IL-17, tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α, interferon(IFN)-γ, neutrophil elastase (NE), citrullinated histone3 (CitH3), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were determined preoperatively and at 24 h postoperatively. Biochemical recurrence (BCR) was assessed over a follow-up period of 2 years. Results: The lidocaine group showed a significant change in MPO, a greater reduction in IL-10 level, and a smaller increase in the NE level compared to the placebo group, suggesting a modulatory effect of lidocaine on certain anti-inflammatory and neuroendocrine pathways. No significant difference in the BCR rate was observed between the two groups. Conclusions: Perioperative lidocaine administration selectively modulates certain inflammatory and neuroendocrine responses after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy surgery, potentially influencing recovery outcomes. These findings highlight the need for further investigations of the role of lidocaine in Enhanced Recovery After Surgery protocols, particularly in oncologic surgeries.
Association of Dietary Inflammatory Index and Thyroid Function in Patients with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis: An Observational Cross–Sectional Multicenter Study
Authors: Klobučar Sanja , Kenđel Jovanović Gordana , Kryczyk-Kozioł Jadwiga , Cigrovski Berković Maja , Vučak Lončar Jelena , Morić Nikolina , Peljhan Katarina , Rahelić Dario , Mudri Dunja , Bilić-Ćurčić Ines , Bogović Crnčić Tatjana
Published: September 2024

Background and Objectives: The available research suggests that dietary patterns with high inflammatory potential, as indicated by a high DII score, may exacerbate inflammation and potentially influence thyroid function. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the associations between the inflammatory potential of a diet and thyroid function in adults with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT). Materials and Methods: A total of 149 adults diagnosed with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis were enrolled in this observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) was calculated using a 141-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The serum levels of the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (fT4), thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO-Ab), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were determined. Results: The DII® scores ranged from −3.49 (most anti-inflammatory) to +4.68 (most pro-inflammatory), whereas three DII® tertile ranges were defined as <−1.4, −1.39 to +1.20, and >+1.21, respectively. Participants in tertile 1 (more anti-inflammatory diet) had significantly higher levels of fT4 than those adhering to a more pro-inflammatory diet (p = 0.007). The levels of hsCRP and TSH appeared to increase with increasing the DII® score, but without statistical significance. A significant association was found between the DII® and TSH (β = 0.42, p < 0.001) and between DII® and free thyroxine (β = 0.19, p < 0.001). After adjustment for age, gender, energy intake, and physical activity, a significant positive correlation remained between the DII® and TSH (β = 0.33, p = 0.002) and between the DII® and body mass index (BMI) (β = 0.14, p = 0.04). Conclusions: Adherence to an anti-inflammatory diet appears to be beneficial in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, suggesting that dietary modification aimed at lowering DII® levels may be a valuable strategy to improve clinical outcomes in these patients.
Efficacy and Safety of Boldine Combined with Phyllanthus niruri and Ononis spinosa in Medical Expulsive Therapy for Distal Ureteral Stones with Renal Colic: A Single-Center, Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Di Mauro Ernesto , Saldutto Pietro , La Rocca Roberto , Sangiorgi Giuseppe , Patelli Gianluigi , Barone Biagio , Verratti Vittore , Castellucci Roberto , Napolitano Luigi , Iacono Fabrizio , Altieri Vincenzo Maria
Published: September 2024

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to compare the effects and safety of boldine combined with Phyllanthus niruri and Ononis spinosa plus tamsulosin vs. tamsulosin alone in medical expulsive therapy (MET) for distal ureteral calculi. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted on 159 renal colic patients with distal ureteric stones (≤10 mm). Patients aged between 18 and 70 years or older with distal ureteral (below the sacroiliac joint) stones ≤10 mm (defined by the largest diameter in three planes) confirmed by urinary ultrasonography and/or native computed tomography (CT). Patients were divided into two groups: A and B. Patients in Group A received tamsulosin 0.4 mg plus boldine combined with Phyllanthus niruri and Ononis spinosa, while those in Group B received tamsulosin 0.4 mg. The rate of stone expulsion, duration of stone expulsion, the dose and the duration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), analgesic use, and adverse effects of drugs were recorded. Results: No differences were reported in demographic profiles between the two groups. The stone expulsion rate in Group A (84.8%) was higher in comparison to Group B (52.5%); the mean time of stone expulsion was 16.33 ± 4.75 days in Group A and 19.33 ± 6.42 days in Group B. The mean requirement time of analgesia was significantly less in Group A, 2.42 ± 2.56, than in Group B, 6.25 ± 3.05. Drug-related adverse effects (headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, postural hypotension, backache, and running nose) were comparable between the two groups. Conclusions: Tamsulosin plus boldine combined with Phyllanthus niruri and Ononis spinosa as medical expulsion therapy is more effective for distal ureteric stones with less need for analgesics and a shorter stone expulsion time than tamsulosin alone.