bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Issues of Combating Corruption Oriented Crimes: Forensic Science Aspect
Authors: Geller Boris , Martynenko Nataliia
Published: November 2023

Activities of anticorruption system specialized bodies of Ukraine and its mechanisms are analyzed. The article purpose is to investigate possibilities and forensic science role on (in particular, specific expertise application) for investigation of corruption-oriented crimes and anticorruption legislation improvement. Methodological basis of the research is a situational analysis (case study). Forensic expert, conducting examination, discovers factual data and circumstances that contribute (could contribute) to commission of corruption and related offenses. Based on  examination results of the objects submitted for examination,  forensic expert presents in the conclusion discovered data that are important for criminal proceedings and about which he was not asked any questions. Preventive recommendations about  circumstances and facts that contributed (could contribute) to the crime commission that can be provided by forensic expert, will help to prevent corruption and corruption related offenses will help state bodies to combat corruption and increase effectiveness of its prevention mechanisms. As mechanisms for expert prevention implementation, scientific and forensic institutions are proposed to generalize forensic expert practice and provide anticorruption system bodies of Ukraine with information that would contain analysis and proposals for prevention of corruption and related offenses that should be established at legislative level.
Forensic Veterinarian as a Subject of Procedural Legal Relations and Forensic Expert Activity
Authors: Yatsenko Ivan
Published: November 2023

The research paper suggests an extended definition for “forensic veterinarian”, consisting in the fact that this is an independent subject of procedural legal relations and forensic expert activity, with higher veterinary education (educational qualification level of specialist or master), who has undergone professional expert training, is certified and has gained qualification of a forensic veterinarian in the expert speciality 18.1 “Veterinary research”, on a professional basis possesses specific expertise and skills in the field of veterinary medicine, is entrusted to solve tasks of forensic veterinary examination and in accordance with legislation is involved in conduct of research on objects of forensic veterinary examination containing information about circumstances of criminal offense commission by using specific expertise as well as provides the expert conclusion or notifies about the impossibility of its provision. It is argued that special criteria for determining procedural status of a forensic veterinarian specify specifics of his professional activities in the system of forensic expert support of justice which is due to his specific veterinary expertise. Procedural criteria of the forensic veterinarian’s status reveal his role in the course of proceedings, in particular: his belonging to other (replaceable) participants in proceedings and performing auxiliary functions in it; has no personal interest in proceedings; has no material and legal interest in procedure outcome; information about the forensic veterinarian is entered into the State Register of Certified Forensic Experts (although this criterion is not mandatory).
100 Years of Experience in Forensic Science Support to Justice
Authors: Simakova-Yefremian Ella
Published: November 2023

Вітаю всіх із виходом 32-го випуску збірника наукових праць «Теорія та практика судової експертизи і криміналістики»! На превеликий жаль, війна триває, і це видання, як і попередні, редакційна колегія підготувала в умовах збройної агресії про- ти України. Цей випуск особливий, оскільки саме в листопаді 2023 року Національний науковий центр «Інститут судових експертиз ім. Засл. проф. М. С. Бокаріуса» відзначатиме своє 100-річчя.За вікову історію сумлінного служіння істині співробітники установи стали учасниками багатьох епохальних подій у нашій державі. 100 років поспіль згуртований колектив Центру гідно відповідає на виклики часу. Щоденно майже 400 відданих справі досвідчених фахівців наполегливо працюють з єдиною метою — забезпечити правосуддя України незалежною, кваліфікованою й об’єктивною експертизою. 1923 року в системі Народного комісаріату юстиції УСРР створено кабінети науково-судової експертизи в містах Харкові, Києві й Одесі. У листопаді 1923 року на базі кафедри судової ме- дицини медичного інституту розпочав свою діяльність Харківсь- кий кабінет науково-судової експертизи, який очолив Микола Сергійович Бокаріус — фундатор криміналістичного напряму в національній судовій медицині, видатний учений і педагог у галузі судової експертизи.Чи уявляв хтось тоді, що багато років потому, завдяки плід- ній праці та досягненням на українській та міжнародній арені, Харківський кабінет стане знаною судово-експертною установою
Scientific activity in the field of forensic science is the methodology basis forensic researches under martial law
Authors: Ivanović Aleksandar , Simakova-Yefremian Ella , Pivnov Yevhen
Published: November 2023

In its essence, research method is a pool of techniques, methods and operations of practical and theoretical actions of person aimed at learning about an object. Foreign scientific schools often do not distinguish between methodology and research methods. Domestic scientific tradition considers methodology as a teaching about scientific method of cognition or as a system of scientific which principles research is based and on which determining totality of its cognitive means, methods and techniques. Another important basis for differentiating methods is the division by the degree of their influence on preservation of objects of forensic examination. The purpose of this work (for which achievement general scientific, separate and special methods are applied) is to investigate the issues of methodology of forensic science, methods and techniques of expert research in the conditions of martial law and global threats related to crimes of Russian aggressor against Ukraine. Analysis of terms and concepts was carried out, their own definitions were proposed and the need to improve the scientific and methodological provisions of forensic expert activity was emphasized. Despite  objective problems associated with martial law, scientists and experts of the system of forensic science institutions of Ukraine persistently continue their scientific activities, since specific expertise application in the form of expert conclusion is a guarantee of expert provision of justice in the state. At the same time, solution of forensic examination tasks should be based on a reliable, modern scientific and methodical base requiring scientific research on theoretical and methodological issues. Analysis of regulatory control of accounting of forensic science methods was carried out. According to results of consideration of issues of international cooperation in the field of forensic science during the war, urgent problems were singled out, including involvement of foreign experts in conducting forensic examinations in Ukraine which requires regulatory control in the Law of Ukraine “On Judicial Examination”. The R&D topic of  (on the example of National Scientific Center «Hon. Prof. M. S. Bokarius Forensic Science Institute») related to the challenges of the war was studied that confirmed relevance of issues raised for the modern stage of development of forensic science.
Introduction Directions of Foreign Innovative Practice in Staffing of Forensic Science Institutions of Ukraine
Authors: Uhrovetskyi Oleh , Cataraga Olga , Davydenko Daria
Published: November 2023

The authors aimed to outline introduction directions of foreign innovative practices in the staffing of forensic science institutions of Ukraine. In order to achieve the goal, a system of general scientific methods (theoretical generalization, comparison, system analysis and formalization) was applied. It was established that in the field of HR management in recent years, a synthesis of various models has been used among which the Western European and American ones (despite certain differences) have common cornerstones making them the most suitable for improving the staffing of domestic institutions and enterprises, in particular forensic science institutions. Western innovations in HR policy (planning, search, selection, hiring (determination of requirements for  specific job position, attraction and selection of candidates) and adaptation (mentoring and coaching) of employees: psychophysiological, socio-psychological, professional, organizational ones) were analyzed and compared with established trends in the work of Ukrainian HR departments. Attention is focused on: training (informal, specific duties, continuous and self-education) and development of employees; specifics of calculating their wages (in particular, the expediency of using multi-factor methods of assessing personal contribution of each employee from the standpoint of effectiveness, quality, initiative, timeliness of execution and modernity of working methods, compliance with safety techniques, speed of adaptation to new conditions, etc. was considered); motivation and formation of a favorable climate in the team for further development of each employee; assessment and certification of employees (using, in particular, psychological, practical and prognostic methods).
Problematic Aspects of Appointing and Conducting a Forensic Fire Investigation
Authors: Petrova Iryna , Bohdaniuk Ihor
Published: November 2023

The authors aimed to outline problematic aspects of individual stages in investigation of circumstances of the fire; to formulate recommendations regarding requirements for the inspection of the scene and the circle of expert witnesses who should participate in this inspection, regarding the specifics of the appointment of forensic fire investigations and further evaluation of results of the conducted research; pay attention to errors that a forensic expert may make during a forensic fire investigation and reasons for such errors. For achieving this goal, general scientific and special scientific methods are applied, in particular, analysis, synthesis, analogy; formal and logical; logical and legal; systemic and structural ones. It has been proven that methods and expert techniques determined by the investigative-expert situation at each stage of the investigation should be used to investigate the fire. In order to prevent erroneous expert conclusion, the need to update to modern level of development of science and technology and unify methodical recommendations and forensic methods for conducting forensic researches on all possible objects at each of the stages of fire investigation has been identified. It is emphasized that the following criteria should be used to evaluate the results of a forensic fire research and form forensic expert conclusion: availability of dangerous process signs; the existence of fire-hazardous process factors;  coincidence of detection place of fire-hazardous factor with the fire center; possibility of combustion from such a fire-hazardous factor; justified exclusion of other possible factors of fire occurrence. Errors that are most often assumed while conducting of forensic a fire investigations and preparation of forensic expert conclusion are highlighted.
Features and Prospects of the Use of X-chromosomal Tandem Repeats in Forensic Molecular Genetic Examination
Authors: Ziubrii Sofiia
Published: November 2023

When conducting molecular genetic examinations, biological specialists in Ukraine usually use kits for autosomal STR repeats and Y-chromosome repeats and do not use kits for X-chromosomal STR repeats at all. The research paper’s purpose is to analyze the literature data to determine the characteristics of the X chromosome, the possibilities of using X chromosome typing kits, and their implementation in the forensic practice of experts in molecular genetic examinations. The criteria for searching and STR loci are defined, the characteristics of commercial kits (in particular, Argus X-8 PCR Amplification Kit from Biotype AG and Investigator Argus X-12 QS Kit (Germany), X19 X-STRs amplification kit from AGCU ScienTech Inc. and 19X Direct ID system (China)) the directions of their use are considered. The data of scientific and methodological literature on the frequency of mutations, the prevalence of alleles in populations, and the prospects for creating a common database of X-STR repeats are studied. To achieve this goal, general and special methods were used, among which the main one is the structural genetic analysis and synthesis of X-chromosome research data from the standpoint of forensic genetics. The methods of formalizing the characteristics of commercial X-STR repeat kits and their comparative analysis, systematizing possible areas of STR repeat use taking into account the peculiarities of X chromosome inheritance, and generalizing population studies conducted in European countries were also used.
Possibilities of Diagnostic Research on Speech of People State of Alcohol Intoxication
Authors: Brendel Olha
Published: November 2023

Author aimed to highlight a number of issues arising before forensic expert while forensic research on phonograms containing oral speech of persons, regarding diagnosis of the unusual state of the speaker: in the state of alcohol intoxication and determination of the degree of influence of  speaker’s intoxication state on possibility of conducting identification researches of the announcer while examination of video and sound recording. For achieving the goal, methods of scientific knowledge were used: observation, comparison, abstraction, analysis, synthesis, modeling, etc. Speech disorders have been observed in persons who are in a state of alcohol intoxication. Analysis of alcohol intoxication stages was carried out and their influence on the process of forming a person’s speech activity was determined. Patterns characteristic of the speech of people under influence of alcohol have been revealed. Variability specifics of voice formation and speech of a person under influence of alcohol were studied. Possibility of conducting identification researches based on physical parameters of oral speech, depending on degree of person intoxication was studied. Attention is focused on peculiarities of diagnosing speech of person who is in a state of mild, medium and severe degree of simple alcohol intoxication, and situational moments related to the speaker. As anatomical person speech apparatus creating  individual picture of a speech signal characteristic of a certain person, as speech behavior, skills, individual experience, intelligence, etc., which influence creation of an individual image of speaker in an unusual state alcohol intoxication, are considered. Factors whose variability affects characteristics of a person’s voice in various states of alcohol intoxication have been studied.
Plea Bargaining — A Comparative Study of India with Foreign Countries
Authors: Majumder Boivob
Published: November 2023

Plea bargaining has become more popular as a means of settling court issues all around the world. Plea bargaining’s application, scope, and operation change significantly between common law and civil law regimes. To analyze these differences in regard to different jurisdictions, a comparison between India and the USA (their plea bargaining) has been done in this study. The relative benefits and drawbacks of plea bargaining are up for debate. This is because it is argued that plea bargaining calls into question the primary goals of a trial, which are to establish the truth and uphold justice. It is without dispute that India needs a framework for speedy justice administration. Indian courts are being battered by the rise in criminal cases. Prisons are now overflowing with inmates who are being held without a trial due to the ongoing delays in case resolution. India has developed plea bargaining (as a response to this sad status of the judicial system), which was acknowledged as a trustworthy strategy for concluding open cases and accelerating the criminal justice system. According to the then-Chief Justice of India, Y. K. Sabharwal (2005-2007), the introduction of plea bargaining in India would not only expedite the criminal justice system but also serve as a restorative form of justice where victims would be equal stakeholders and receive sufficient compensation. However, despite years of conceptualization, the Indian criminal justice system has yet to adopt plea bargaining. The paper attempts to research whether plea bargaining in India in its present form and structure is adequate to achieve that goal by weighing its advantages and disadvantages in the context of the Indian judicial system. Given the above, it is proposed to introduce changes to this contemporary dispute resolution mechanism.
General System of Forensic Engineering Tasks
Authors: Bohdaniuk Ihor
Published: November 2023

Active development of forensic sciences in recent years (in accordance with the laws and principles of the genesis of forensic expertise) growing demand for their conduct and the urgent need for the emergence of new types of research make it necessary to systematize general tasks of forensic science in general and engineering in particular. This article purpose: to conduct an analysis of tasks solved by performing engineering and technical types of forensic science; determine the general principles of their formation; organize (unify) these tasks into a general (generic) system; to form a theoretical basis for improving the list of issues to be resolved while forensic engineering and technical researches (with the aim of modernizing Chapter II “Research guidelines concerning preparation and appointment of forensic examinations and researches”, that should be made the basic for new species(subspecies) of forensic engineering. In order to achieve the goal, methods of scientific knowledge were used: observation, comparison, abstraction, analysis, synthesis, modeling, etc. It is proposed to differentiate the tasks of engineering and technical research according to four groups that define the system as general (generic): 1) research of the state of objects; 2) establishment of conformity / non-conformity of the state of the object with certain requirements; 3) mechanism determination of investigated situation occurrence ; 4) clarification of cause-and-effect relationships in the situation under research.
The Model of Adjudication by Administrative Courts in Poland
Authors: Szyszka Anna
Published: November 2023

This research concerns the model of judicial proceedings by Polish administrative courts. Article purpose is to analyze the administrative court in Poland, to compare it with the Ukrainian one, to investigate the effectiveness and possibilities of intervention of the administrative court in the sphere of powers of other authorities. Administrative justice in Poland consists of voivodship administrative courts, which hear cases in the first instance, and the Supreme Administrative Court as a court of second instance. The author assumed that the introduction of a mixed model of judicial practice of administrative courts effectively fulfills the main goal of administrative proceedings, which is to protect individual rights from the arbitrariness of public administration bodies. The intrusion of the administrative court into the sphere of powers of the authorities is justified by the effectiveness and efficiency of the judiciary. This allows the complainant to get a decision on the merits much faster. The mixed model of judicial practice of Polish administrative courts allows more effective implementation of the protection of individual rights. The analysis of the issue was carried out using theoretical-legal and historical-legal methods.
Inculcating Authentic Pedagogy and Blended Learning at King Khalid University: A Digital Transformation Perspective
Authors: Elnadeef Elsadig Ali Elsadig , Elneil Ayman Hamd
Published: November 2023

This paper describes how to inculcate authentic pedagogy and blended learning at KKU in terms of digital transformation. The study is aimed at integrating classroom face-to-face learning experiences with online learning experiences and creating active learning entailing authenticity, which entails educational practice with respect to external reality. Besides, the construction of digital transformation, including technology, services, and security, bridges the digital gap to create collaborative, interactive, and personalized learning experiences. The study is based on quantitative and qualitative data collection instruments, including a pre-and post-test. The population of the study consists of students studying English language as an intensive course at KKU. The study sample is composed of two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The result of this study indicates that Authentic pedagogy and blended learning models improve students' English proficiency and maximize collaborative learning. Furthermore, it provides a more flexible learning environment, enjoyment, and student-centered, and the role of the teacher is a guide and facilitator.
Executing Jakarta DKI Province's Regulation Number 4 2015 on Betawi Culture Preservation
Authors: Aziz Rahimy  , Zeffry Alkatiri  , Rozanna Mulyani
Published: November 2023

As globalization evolves, it leads to a gradual erosion of local cultures, including in Indonesia. It's imperative for the government to nurture and enhance Indonesian culture. However, there's a noticeable decline in the cultural preservation efforts by DKI Jakarta's Regional Government, negatively impacting relevant stakeholders. This research delves into how DKI Jakarta's Regional Regulation No. 4 of 2015, focused on the Preservation of Betawi Culture, is being integrated into the educational curriculum. The main objective is to devise strategies for embedding the Betawi language into the local educational content, aiming to safeguard it against the risk of disappearing, aligning with the goals of the 2015 regulation. A notable issue is the differing perceptions between DKI Jakarta’s Culture Service officials and the Education and Community Service Office regarding the significance of researching and promoting the protection of Betawi language and literature, compared to public opinion. The research adopts a descriptive qualitative approach, suitable for analyzing societal phenomena that are not quantifiable, allowing for a detailed depiction of the observations. Literature Review is used as the main method for gathering data. The outcome of this study includes practical solutions for integrating the Betawi language into the local educational content, thereby contributing to its preservation and averting the danger of its extinction.
Identification of leaf rust genes in wheat varieties through sts markers
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Sajjad , Ahmad Wesal , Akbar Muhammad , Inamullah
Published: November 2023

Leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticinia is the most destructive disease which reduces wheat production. Thirty-eight wheat varieties were screened for four leaf rust resistance genes viz. Lr10, Lr26, Lr34 and Lr47 through STS markers. Among them Lr10 gene showed its presence in 16 genotypes, Lr26 in 8, both Lr34 and Lr47 in 10 each. Variety Anza+2ns showed promising results by the presence of three Lr genes (Lr10, Lr26 and Lr47) surely recommended for crop improvement and/or direct utility at farmers field. Chakwal-97, Indus-79, Marwat-Y-01, Mumal-2002, Khyber-83, Pasban-90, Pari-73, Lr-268, and Satluge-86 showed 2 genes presence while 23 with single gene and 5 without any response. A diagnostic band of size 310, 258, 1000 and 380-450 bps was amplified showing presence of Lr10, Lr34, Lr26 and Lr47. Marker STS are suggested for large scale germplasm screening during marker assisted breeding.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 52(3): 709-714, 2023 (September)
Effects of iba and media on the growth performance of three cultivars of grapes (Vitis Vinifera L.)
Authors: Zhou Ruijin , Jia Shanyi , Han Feifei , Li Kaiwei , Li Guirong
Published: November 2023

Annual branches of three grape cultivars, namely ‘Xia Hei’ grape, ‘Eastern Star’ grape and ‘Giant Rose’ grape were first treated with Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) solution, then inserted in different media and then n their growth performances were studied. The growth performance of the three grape cultivars were: ‘Xia Hei’ > ‘Eastern Star’ > ‘Giant Rose’. Media (M4) was the most conducive to improve the survival per cent of gape rooted cuttings. This study provides a reference for choosing a suitable method to grow rooted cuttings taken from grape annual branches, which would furthermore improve the survival rate of young vines.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 52(3): 763-774, 2023 (September)
Genetic variation and association between seedling root traits and yield in chickpea (Cicer Arietinum L.)
Authors: Kumar Amit , Kumar Hitesh , Kumar Mukul , Gupta Vikas , Kumar Arun , Singh Vivek
Published: November 2023

In the present study, 90 chickpea germplasm lines for yield and related traits, along with early plant growth root system architecture traits, under controlled conditions after 25, 30, and 35 days of sowing were evaluated. The analysis of variance revealed significant variation in traits such as shoot length, secondary root branches, days to 50 % flowering, days to maturity, seed index, plant height, and seed yield. Additionally, primary root length was positively correlated with shoot length and the number of root branches at all three seedling growth stages. The findings suggest that early shoot length and seedling root length, particularly more secondary root branches, are crucial traits that should be incorporated into chickpea breeding programs to develop new elite cultivars with improved yield potential, better resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, and enhanced crop productivity.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 52(3): 791-797, 2023 (September)
Effects of pruning intensity and plant growth regulators on growth, yield and quality of guava (Psidium Guajava L.) CV. Sardar
Authors: Magadum Basavaraj , Kanpure Rn , Singh Op , Kachouli Bk , Bhandari J
Published: November 2023

Effects of pruning intensity and spray of plant growth regulators (PGR) on dfferent parameters of Guava (Psidium Guajava L.) Sardar were investigated. Growth, quality and yield attributing characters were improved at 30 cm pruning intensity. With respect to effect of plant growth regulators, application of 600 ppm NAA improved all the characters except  minimum number of days taken to flower initiation (39.47), acidity (0.33 %), TSS (12.11 oBrix) and total sugars (6.79 %) which were recorded in 600 ppm ethephon. The interaction studied showed that P3G2 (30 cm pruning + 600 ppm NAA) had recorded the highest value with growth, yield and quality, while the combination of P3G3 (30 cm pruning + 600 ppm ethephon) was good for qualitative parameters.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 52(3): 813-820, 2023 (September)
Effects of hazelnut husk waste on quality parameters of german primrose (Primula Obconica Hance)
Authors: Najafi Mina , Kütük Cihat , Najafi Solmaz , Balci Meric
Published: November 2023

The study was conducted to determine the feasibility of using hazelnut shell waste as a growth medium for German primroses (Primula obconica Hance) under greenhouse conditions. Five different media combinations were prepared using sphagnum moss peat (SMP) and hazelnut husk waste (HHW). Some quality and growth parameters of P. obconica appeared to be significantly different depending on the growth medium. Results showed that HHW had a statistically significant impact on two parameters, namely aesthetic appearance score and mean flower weight, but had no impact on the other qualitative traits. The highest (8.94) and lowest (4.70) esthetic appearance scores were observed at 100% HHW and control treatments, respectively. In addition, the maximum (0.15 g) and minimum (0.097 g) mean flower weights were observed in HHW2 treatment and control plants, respectively.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 52(3): 829-835, 2023 (September)
Growth and yield performance of wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) As influenced by combined application of naa and n-fertilizer in two sowing time
Authors: Adam AMM Golam , Jahan Nargis , Rashid Parveen
Published: November 2023

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of NAA (both as foliar and seed soaking) in combination with different N-levels on growth and yield performance of BARI Gom-25 in two sowing time (November 15 and November 22). The experiment consisted of nine treatments viz. control, F4, SOF0, SOF1, SOF2, SOF3, SOF4, SSF0 and SSF1. Results revealed that seed soaking with 10 ppm NAA in combination with 75% recommended dose nitrogen (RDN)  produced tallest plants and maximum number of tillers, leaves, total dry matter per plant with  significant variations in majority of case in both the sowing time. In case of November 15 sown wheat, seed soaking with 10 ppm NAA in combination with 75% RDN treatment resulted maximum number of effective tillers per plant (6.67), longest spike (9.75), highest dry weight of spike (16.54 cm), highest number of grains per plant (198.08) and maximum yield per plant (7.75 g). Maximum yield per plant obtained from this best performed treatment was 24.80 and 19.81% higher over 10 ppm NAA in combination with RDN and RDN treatment alone, respectively. Findings showed that seed soaking treatment was more effective than foliar spray treatment and wheat sown on November 15 produced better stimulation than sown on November 22 in majority of case. Out of nine treatments, seed soaking with 10 ppm NAA in combination with 75% RDN resulted  higher growth and maximum yield in BARI Gom-25.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 52(3): 853-860, 2023 (September)
Effects of auxins on the stem cuttings of Justicia Adhatoda L.
Authors: Uddin Mohammed Sala , Rashid Mohammad Harun Ur
Published: November 2023

Justicia adhatoda L. (Bashak) is an evergreen, medicinal shrub belongs to the family Acanthaceae. The seeds germination quality of the species is very poor. The effects of auxins viz. IAA, IBA and NAA on the stem cuttings of the plant were assessed. A total of 13 treatments were applied on the stem cuttings and planted in sandy bed following completely randomized design. Results revealed that the maximum number of roots (28.67), length of roots (14.10 cm) and biomass (12.78g) were obtained at 90 days after planting in the cuttings treated with IBA 1000 ppm solution. Whereas, number of roots (21.67 and 22.67), length of roots (11.30 and 15.17 cm), biomass (8.56 and 12.17g) were obtained at 90 days after planting in the cuttings treated with IAA and NAA 1000 ppm solution respectively. IBA 1000 ppm solution would be considered as the most suitable for producing maximum number of roots and biomass, as well as NAA 1000 ppm solution for length of roots in Bashak at 90 DAP.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 52(3): 861-865, 2023 (September)
Effects of plant growth regulators on the callus of rose leaves
Authors: Liu Yanpu , Li Ge , Liu Yanpu
Published: November 2023

In the present study effects of different plant growth regulator combinations on leaf callus growth in two Rosa hybrida cultivars, Rosa hybrida ‘Ingrid Bergman’ and Rosa hybrida ‘Xindongfang’, were analyzed. The plant growth regulators were added into MS, MS + 2,4-D (1.5 mg/l, 2.5 mg/l, 3.5 mg/L, and 4.5 mg/l) and MS + 2.0 mg/l NAA + 1.0 mg/l ZT, MS + 2.0 mg/l NAA + 1.0 mg/l KT, MS + 2.0 mg/l NAA + 1.0 mg/l 6-BA and MS + 2.0 mg/l NAA. The leaves were treated as broken and cultured on these nine different media types. Results showed significant differences in color, morphology, and callus quantity. In the first medium, the callus of rose leaves was the best on MS + 4.5 mg/l 2,4-D medium, followed by MS + 2.5 mg/l 2,4-D and MS + 3.5 mg/l 2,4-D, and finally MS + 1.5 mg/l 2,4-D. No callus was found in MS medium. In the second kind of medium, the leaves grow callus, and the callus grew best on MS + 2.0 mg/l NAA + 1.0 mg/l ZT medium, followed by MS + 2.0 mg/l NAA + 1.0 mg/l KT, finally MS + 2.0 mg/l NAA + 1.0 mg/l 6-BA, MS + 2.0 mg/l NAA medium, the callus grew loose and dry, and lost luster after a few days. Therefore, 2,4-D, KT, ZT, 6-BA, and NAA can promote the formation of callus. With the increase of concentration of 2,4-D, the callus induction rate increased, and the color of the callus also changed significantly. The combination of KT, ZT, and NAA had an obvious effect on callus induction and expansion.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 52(3): 867-873, 2023 (September)
İş Yerinde Sosyal Cesaret Davranışı Üzerinde Etik Liderliğin Etkisi
Authors: GÖKGÖZ Hakan
Published: November 2023

Artan rekabet ortamında, işletmelerin sahip olduğu en önemli rekabet avantajı çalışanlarıdır. İşletmelerin varlıklarını sürdürmesi, verimlerini ve performanslarını arttırması, çalışanların katkısına bağlıdır. İşletmelerde bulunan etik liderler, adil, eşit, dürüst ve tarafsız gibi erdemler sergilediklerinde, bunu gören çalışanlar da liderlerini örnek alarak etik davranışlarda bulunmakta, bununla birlikte etik, eşit veya adil olmayan durumlar ya da uygulamalar karşısında iş yerinde sosyal cesaret davranışı göstererek bu durumlara tepki gösterme cesaretinde bulunmaktadırlar. Bu araştırmada, çalışanların görev yaptıkları kurumda bağlı bulundukları lider konumundaki kişilerin etik davranışlar sergilemelerinin, çalışanların iş yerinde sosyal cesaret davranışı göstermeleri üzerindeki etkisini belirlemek amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırma kapsamında TR21 Trakya Alt Bölgesi’nde faaliyet gösteren elektronik firması çalışanlarına anket uygulanmış ve elde edilen veriler SPSS istatistik programı ve LISREL yapısal eşitlik programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Yapısal eşitlik modeli sonuçlarına göre etik liderlik bağımsız değişkeni ile iş yerinde sosyal cesaret davranışı bağımlı değişkeni arasında pozitif yönde ve anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Buna göre etik liderlik değişkenindeki bir puanlık artışın, iş yerinde sosyal cesaret davranışı değişkeninde 0.67 puanlık bir artışa yol açtığı bulunmuştur.
Propiedades de los suelos cafetaleros en zonas productivas de Colon y Panamá Oeste
Authors: Villarreal José E. , Ramos Iván A. , Riquelme Marcos
Published: November 2023

La siembra de café robusta adquiere mayor interés entre productores panameños como alternativa de conservación de suelos. El objetivo fue caracterizar las propiedades de los suelos de fincas productoras de café en las provincias de Colón y Panamá Oeste para la elaboración de cartillas de fertilización regionalizadas de acuerdo con las características edafoclimáticas de cada zona. En 15 fincas de la provincia de Colón y 20 de Panamá Oeste, se tomaron muestras en dos profundidades (0-20 y 20-40 cm) para conocer sus propiedades e iniciar un programa de fertilización sostenible que coadyuve en el mejoramiento de la productividad. Se elaboraron mapas digitales utilizando el programa Q-Gis v.2.2. y cartillas de fertilizacion regionalizada para cada zona. Los suelos de la provincia de Colón 47% presentaron alto porcentaje de saturación de aluminio, pH promedio de 4.6, bajos niveles de materia orgánica y de fósforo, 53% bajos en potasio. El 80% están altos en magnesio, 40% en calcio. Se encontraron desbalances en las relaciones Ca/Mg y Ca + Mg/K, lo que ocasiona problemas nutricionales. En Panamá Oeste 30% presentaron alto porcentaje de saturación de aluminio, pH promedio de 5.3 y 1.4% de materia orgánica, 100% están bajos en fósforo, 90% bajos en potasio, niveles medios y altos de magnesio y calcio. Se encontró correlación positiva y estadísticamente significativa entre % de arcilla, materia orgánica, pH y calcio. Se espera con esta caracterización y las cartillas de fertilización regionalizadas lograr mejorar las propiedades de los suelos en forma sostenible.
Comportamiento anual de la calidad del agua y caudal sólido de la microcuenca La Zanguenga
Authors: Gómez Shantale , Esquivel Alexander , Arcia Manuel , Espino Kleveer , Flores Isaías
Published: November 2023

La expansión demográfica y el crecimiento económico traen consigo desarrollo, así como una mayor presión sobre los recursos naturales. Las actividades productivas como la ganadería, porcinocultura y agricultura tienen el potencial de comprometer la calidad del agua, y degradar el recurso suelo al acrecentar la erosión. Los estudios y monitoreos proporcionan información sobre la situación de los recursos, y permiten advertir sobre posibles cambios en su manejo y conservación. El objetivo del trabajo consiste en diagnosticar las características fisicoquímicas y bacteriológicas de las corrientes superficiales de la microcuenca de la quebrada La Zanguenga, así como medir el volumen de sólidos suspendidos transportados que transmite, a la subcuenca del río Caño Quebrado. Para cumplir con este propósito, se seleccionaron 8 sitios de aforo y muestreo, y se estableció una frecuencia de muestreo mensual; se utilizó en campo una sonda multiparamétrica y un correntómetro para la medición de parámetros y caudal, respectivamente; espectrofotómetro y método de Colilert en laboratorio para el resto de los parámetros faltantes; y el Índice de Calidad de Agua del National Sanitation Foundation y las concentraciones de sólidos suspendidos para los cálculos. Sobre el caudal de sólidos de los distintos cauces, se obtuvieron valores entre 4,23 y 89,30 T/año para sólidos suspendidos, y 13,64 y 164,13 T/año para sólidos disueltos; además, los valores obtenidos en el cálculo del índice de calidad de agua denotaron que el agua de los cauces de la microcuenca presenta una condición entre “regular y mala”, obteniéndose resultados de ICA entre 46,98 y 53,42.
Uso de 137CS para establecer la tasa de erosión dentro de la microcuenca la zanguenga
Authors: Rodríguez Indiana , Esquivel Alexander , Juri Ayub Jimena , Valladares Diego , Flores Isaías
Published: November 2023

Los procesos erosivos afectan negativamente la calidad del suelo, agua y aire. Se ha reconocido la importancia de la erosión en el traslado de nutrientes y contaminantes dentro de los sedimentos, los cuales muchas veces llegan de manera directa a los cuerpos de agua. Desde 1960 han sido utilizados con mayor frecuencia los radionucleidos (137Cs, 210Pb y 7Be) para estudiar la redistribución del recurso suelo dentro de las diferentes unidades geográficas. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar los inventarios 137Cs en el área de trabajo (microcuenca de la quebrada la Zanguenga), para analizar su uso potencial como trazador de la redistribución del suelo dentro del paisaje; así como, cuantificar la tasa anual de erosión/deposición en un sitio de estudio utilizado principalmente para el pastoreo de ganado. En el sitio de referencia se detectó y cuantificó un inventario de 137Cs de 451,89±78,13 Bq/m2 con una profundidad másica de relajación de 34,71 kg/m2. Se estimó una tasa de erosión anual promedio de 2,1 ton/ha/año, lo que representa la perdida de una capa de suelo de 0,31 mm por año; es decir, que en los últimos 58 años en el sitio de estudio la capa superior del suelo ha disminuido 1,78 cm aproximadamente. Los datos de 137Cs fueron comparados con los hallazgos de técnicas convencionales (parcelas de erosión y modelo USLE), dando resultados similares. Los resultados de esta investigación son un indicativo de que el uso de los FRN es viable en Panamá.
Explorando las diferencias entre el café Geisha verde y tostado: Identificación de ácidos fenólicos y actividad antioxidante
Authors: Abrego González, Kilmara Abrego , Vega Aracelly , Sánchez-Martínez Hugo Alexis , Morales Abdy , Morán-Pinzón Juan Antonio , López-Pérez José Luis , Santos-Buelga Celestino , González-Paramás Ana María , Del Olmo Esther , Guerrero De León Estela
Published: November 2023

Debido a que el proceso de tostado del café puede generar cambios en sus constituyentes, y por ende en sus propiedades biológicas, buscamos identificar los ácidos fenólicos presentes en café Geisha verde y tostado, y a su vez, evaluar sus propiedades antioxidantes. Primero, se sometió la materia prima (granos de café Geisha) a un proceso de “extracción en frío” con etanol al 70% y posteriormente el perfil fenólico de los extractos etanólicos del café verde (EEtCG-V) y del café tostado (EEtCG-T) fue determinado en un HPLC-MS utilizando 280, 330 y 360 nm. La actividad antioxidante fue determinada en extractos acuosos de café Geisha verde (EACG-V) y tostado (EACG-T), obtenidos a través de un proceso de extracción en cafetera italiana, frente a los radicales: DPPH, anión superóxido no enzimático (•O2−) y peroxidación lipídica a distintas concentraciones (0,48-1000 mg/mL). Los resultados para el EEtCG-V, a 330 nm, indican la presencia de 17 picos cromatográficos correspondientes a derivados de ácidos hidroxicinámicos, similar a los detectados en el EEtCG-T, éste con la excepción de la aparición de los picos correspondientes a lactonas de los ácidos clorogénicos, relacionadas con el proceso de tostado. Para los resultados de la actividad antioxidante: frente al radical DPPH, tanto para el EACG-V y EACG-T fue discreta, en comparación al 80,4±1,2% obtenido por quercetina; frente al •O2− fue significativa para ambos extractos entre un 60 y 70% muy similar al patrón quercetina (75,8 ± 0,6%) y en la prueba de peroxidación lipídica, el EACG-T fue superior (73.0 ± 1.7%) al EACG-V (<50%), resultando similar al obtenido por nuestro patrón de Quercetina (73.7 ± 2.7%).Los resultados expuestos constituyen una parte de los primeros estudios realizados sobre extractos de café Geisha verde y tostado.
SOSTENIBILIDAD HÍDRICA: CASO DE ESTUDIO PROVINCIA DE PANAMÁ
Authors: Chang-Fossatti Lucila , Tejedor-Flores Nathalia
Published: November 2023

Panamá posee un gran recurso hídrico del cual se sostiene su sociedad y economía. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar la sostenibilidad hídrica de la provincia de Panamá para el año 2019. En esta investigación se propone analizar la sostenibilidad hídrica a través de la gramática del Metabolismo Social - tomado del Análisis integrado multiescalar del metabolismo social y ecológico (MuSIASEM por sus siglas en inglés) – el cual examina la interrelación de las variables: población, economía y agua, para evaluar la sostenibilidad hídrica. Este tipo de análisis permite describir el rol del agua en la sociedad desde un ambiente no sólo social sino económico. De los resultados, se señala que el mayor consumo de agua se da en el sector residencial, mientras que, en el trabajo remunerado, el sector económico registra el consumo más alto y, así mismo, el aporte al PIB más alto. Al analizar los indicadores, el sector de gobierno resalta como el mayor consumidor por hora dedicada, mientras que aporta el mínimo PIB por hora; por lo que se recomienda enfocar esfuerzos en analizar este sector.
Evaluación de la Estabilidad de Taludes Naturales en los Alveos, provincia de Coclé, Panamá
Authors: Poveda Genesis
Published: November 2023

Los deslizamientos son procesos destructivos evitables si se identifican con anterioridad los factores desencadenantes que pueden influir en su ocurrencia, esto bajo un concepto preventivo. En Panamá en el año 2022 se registraron múltiples deslizamientos en la comunidad de Los Alveos, Antón, provincia de Coclé, los cuales afectaron a un gran número de viviendas, causando pérdidas materiales y humanas. Este estudio presenta una caracterización cualitativa el material presente en los deslizamientos del área. La caracterización geotécnica preliminar fue realizada por medio de ensayos como: descripción visual, límites de Atterberg, clasificación de suelos, ensayos de permeabilidad y mineralogía a través de corte petrográfico. La evaluación petrográfica de las muestras evidencia presencia de fragmentos de piedra pómez y de minerales como cuarzo, hornblenda y magnetita; característicos de la formación El Valle. Los resultados del estudio geotécnico preliminar revelan que el suelo es arenoso con características de tipo grueso para el tamaño del agregado, con una cohesión casi nula y con una alta conductividad hidráulica. Se requiere ampliar el estudio para poder tener una descripción más detallada de la zona y poder establecer medidas de mitigación para ayudar a las personas de esta comunidad.
Rol de la Precipitación en la Cuenca del Río Guararé (Costa Pacífica de Panamá), 1981 – 2020
Authors: Abrego-Bonilla Jessie , Guccione Margaret
Published: November 2023

Los ríos son ecosistemas que albergan una variedad especies y contribuyen al crecimiento de las comunidades que se desarrollan a lo largo de sus riberas; sin embargo, estos ecosistemas hídricos son afectados por el clima global. En particular, el fenómeno de El Niño/Oscilación del Sur (ENSO) tiene un impacto directo en los ríos, debido a los cambios en la distribución de la precipitación provocados por las variaciones en la temperatura de la superficie del Océano Pacífico. La Península de Azuero es conocida por su variabilidad climática particularmente susceptible a los efectos del fenómeno de El Niño, que provoca sequías e inundaciones. La cuantificación de los efectos climáticos en la cuenca del Río Guararé muestra los cambios significativos en los patrones de precipitación en cuarenta años (1981 – 2020) y su distribución de acuerdo con las clasificaciones del ENSO. Para medir los impactos de la precipitación sobre el caudal del Río Guararé, se calculó la variabilidad en la precipitación utilizando técnicas geoestadísticas y herramientas de Sistemas de Información Geográfica (GIS). Los resultados muestran una variabilidad en la precipitación, de acuerdo con la elevación y la proximidad al mar, así como también las áreas más susceptibles a la sequía y otras a las inundaciones. Este análisis, primero en su tipo, allana el camino para el pronóstico de desastres en la cuenca del Río Guararé, ayudando a las comunidades a desarrollar planes de resiliencia ante el cambio climático.
Aplicación de isótopos ambientales para determinar zonas de recarga en el complejo sistema acuífero de la subcuenca del río Zaratí
Authors: González-González Alexandra , Fábrega-Duque José , Adar Eilon , Atencio Betzabé
Published: November 2023

La ciudad de Penonomé y sus municipalidades enfrentan un incremento en la demanda de agua debido al crecimiento poblacional Para abordar esta necesidad, se ha recurrido a una explotación excesiva de agua subterránea como una solución temporal sin miras a una gestión sostenible de estas aguas en la subcuenca del río Zarati. Por esta razón surge la necesidad de identificar las zonas de recarga como primer paso para identificar el origen de estas aguas a través de la medición y distribución espacial de isotopos estables (18O y 2H). Estos permitieron identificar diferentes áreas de recarga una al NE correspondiendo a la parte media y alta; y otro al NO de la parte baja, las cuales deben ser destinadas para su conservación.