bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization of corrosion products formed on bronze ornaments excavated from the Chu tombs of the Spring and Autumn Periods in Dangyang, China
Authors: Cheng Xiaolin , Li Mo , Tang Lingran , Wu Na , Zhang Xin Yu
Published: October 2022

130 corrosion products on bronze ornaments excavated from the Chu tombs of the Spring and Autumn periods in Dangyang, Hubei Province, China, were examined by X-ray diffraction, and statistically analyzed. The results showed that the main corrosion products were cassiterite (SnO2), copper sulfates, and sulfides, and the rare tenorite (CuO). And corrosion products of different colors such as blue-green and black-gray were specifically detected by Raman spectroscopy. The Raman spectra of blue-green corrosion products were identified as Cu hydroxide sulfates and Cu hydroxide carbonate such as brochantite, posnjakite, antlerite and malachite, the black-gray corrosions were confirmed as copper sulfides, only the good quality Raman spectrum of covellite was obtained. The shifts of certain band positions in different Raman spectra of the black-gray corrosion products, as well as the causes of D and G peaks in the spectra were discussed. And the advantages and disadvantages of using Raman spectroscopy for the identification of corrosion products were presented and discussed. Finally, with reference to previous literature, it was proposed that the SO42 -ions and sulfate-reducing bacteria in the soil, along with the closed and anoxic burial environment, may explain the sulfate and sulfide corrosion products on the bronze ornaments. The presence of tenorite and charcoal indicates that the tombs might have undergone fire.
Probabilistic Coverage in Mobile Directional Sensor Networks: A Game Theoretical Approach
Authors: Golrasan Elham , Varposhti Marzieh
Published: October 2022

Directional sensor nodes deployment is indispensable to a large number of applications including Internet of Things applications. Nowadays, with the recent advances in robotic technology, directional sensor nodes mounted on mobile robots can move toward the appropriate locations. Considering the probabilistic sensing model along with the mobility and motility of directional sensor nodes, area coverage in such a network is more complicated than in a static sensor network. In this paper, we investigate the problem of self-deployment and working direction adjustment in directional sensor networks in order to maximize the covered area. Considering the tradeoff between energy consumption and coverage quality, we formulate this problem as a finite strategic game. Then, we present a distributed payoff-based learning algorithm to achieve Nash equilibrium. The simulation results demonstrate the performance of the proposed algorithm and its superiority over previous approaches in terms of increasing the area coverage.
Paraphilias in ADHD and their Association with Hypersexuality
Authors: Turner Daniel , Hertz Priscilla Gregorio , Biedermann Laura , Barra Steffen , Retz Wolfgang
Published: October 2022

Previous research has found some peculiarities in sexual functioning of adults with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). So far, the prevalence of paraphilias in adults with ADHD is not known. We assessed the prevalence of paraphilic fantasies and behaviors in a sample of 160 adults with ADHD in comparison to 75 adults without ADHD. Furthermore, the association between paraphilias and hypersexuality was evaluated. All participants had to answer several questionnaires online. Both adults with and without ADHD reported high rates of paraphilic sexual fantasies and behaviors. Women without ADHD reported about frotteuristic fantasies more often, while women with ADHD reported about a higher rate of masochistic and fetishistic fantasies. On the other side, men without ADHD had a higher rate of fetishistic fantasies than men with ADHD. Hypersexuality was related to paraphilias in adults with ADHD, however, not in adults without ADHD. Furthermore, temper problems significantly predicted paraphilias in adults with ADHD. Altogether, individuals with ADHD seem to be not more prone to develop and act out paraphilic sexuality than controls. The results of the present study add to the current trend to depathologize paraphilic sexuality in the general as well as in clinical populations.
Associations Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Early Adolescent Problematic Screen Use in the United States
Authors: Raney Julia H. , Ganson Kyle T. , Testa Alexander , Jackson Dylan B. , Singh Gurbinder , Sajjad Omar M. , Nagata Jason M.
Published: October 2022

Background
Problematic screen use, defined as loss of control over usage resulting in impairments in personal, social, and occupational functioning, has risen dramatically among adolescents. Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are important risk factors in the development of addictive behaviors and may play an important role in the development of problematic screen use.
Methods
Cross-sectional data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (Year 2; 2018-2020; N = 8,794) was analyzed in 2022. Multiple linear analyses were used to determine associations between ACEs and adolescent-reported problematic use of video games (Video Game Addiction Questionnaire), social media (Social Media Addiction Questionnaire), and mobile phones (Mobile Phone Involvement Questionnaire). Analyses were adjusted for potential confounders including age, sex, race/ethnicity, highest parent education, household income, and site.
Results
The 8,794 adolescent respondents ages 11-12 years old were racially and ethnically diverse (55.1% White, 19.5% Latino/Hispanic, 15.8% Black, 5.1% Asian, 3.2% Native American, 1.3% Other). ACEs were associated with higher problematic video game, social media, and mobile phone use in a dose-dependent fashion in both unadjusted and adjusted models.
Conclusions
Given the dose-dependent relationship in adolescent ACE exposure and rates of problematic screen use, public health programming for trauma-exposed youth should explore video game, social media, and mobile phone use among this population and implement interventions focused on supporting healthy digital habits.
A Possible Cause of Articular Cartilage Degeneration in the Acute Phase after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Morita Yudai , Tajima Takuya , Yamaguchi Nami , Yokoe Takuji , Chosa Etsuo
Published: October 2022

Backgroud: To evaluate the influence of intra-articular hemarthrosis on activities of a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) family and matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) in the acute phase after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).
Methods: Intra-articular hemarthrosis was collected from 17 patients who underwent primary ACLR on postoperative day POD1, POD4 and POD7. As control samples, synovial fluid without intra-articular hemarthrosis was obtained from ipsilateral knees prior to ACLR. ADAMTS-4, -5, and -9 and MMP-2 and -9 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Results: Expression levels of ADAMTS-4 were significantly higher in POD4 and POD7 samples than in control (Pc-4<0.0001, Pc-7<0.0001). Expression levels of ADAMTS-5 were significantly higher in POD1 samples than in control samples (Pc-1=0.0007). MMP-2 expression levels in POD4 and POD7 samples were significantly increased compared to control samples (Pc-4=0.0017, Pc-7=0.0013). Expression levels of MMP-9 were increased in POD1, POD4 and POD7 samples, significantly higher than in control (Pc-1<0.0001, Pc-4<0.0001, Pc-7=0.0004).
Conclusion: These findings indicate that intra-articular hemarthrosis induces expression of ADAMTS-4, -5, MMP-2 and -9 in the acute phase, and especially increasing ADAMTS-4, -5 after ACLR may lead to cartilage degeneration. So intra-articular hemarthrosis may be suggested to remove as soon as possible after knee injury or surgery.
Towards Metacognition: Subject-Aware Contrastive Deep Fusion Representation Learning for EEG Analysis
Authors: Briden Michael , Norouzi Narges
Published: October 2022

We propose a subject-aware contrastive learning deep fusion neural network framework for effectively classifying subjects' confidence levels in the perception of visual stimuli. The framework, called WaveFusion, is composed of lightweight convolutional neural networks for per-lead time-frequency analysis and an attention network for integrating the lightweight modalities for final prediction. To facilitate the training of WaveFusion, we incorporate a subject-aware contrastive learning approach by taking advantage of the heterogeneity within a multi-subject electroencephalogram dataset to boost representation learning and classification accuracy. The WaveFusion framework demonstrates high accuracy in classifying confidence levels by achieving a classification accuracy of 95.7% while also identifying influential brain regions.
Deoxyguanosine kinase mutation F180S is associated with a lean phenotype in mice
Authors: Borreguero Cédric Francis , Wuest Stephan , Hantel Constanze , Schneider Holger , Konrad Daniel , Beuschlein Felix , Spyroglou Ariadni
Published: October 2022

Background
Deoxyguanosine kinase (DGUOK) deficiency is one of the genetic causes of mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome (MDDS) in humans, leading to the hepatocerebral or the isolated hepatic form of MDDS. Mouse models are helpful tools for the improvement of understanding of the pathophysiology of diseases and offer the opportunity to examine new therapeutic options.
Methods
Herein, we describe the generation and metabolic characterization of a mouse line carrying a homozygous DguokF180S/F180S mutation derived from an N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea-mutagenesis screen. Energy expenditure, oxygen consumption (VO2) and carbon dioxide production (VCO2) were assessed in metabolic cages. LC-MS/MS was used to quantify plasma adrenal steroids. Plasma insulin and leptin levels were quantified with commercially available assay kits.
Results
Mutant animals displayed significantly lower body weights, reduced inguinal fat pad mass, but normal liver weights in comparison to unaffected littermates. Biochemically, they were characterized by pronounced hypoglycemia accompanied with hypoinsulinemia and significantly lower total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein and triglyceride levels. Moreover, energy expenditure was significantly higher in mutant compared to littermate mice. Histological examination of inguinal white adipose tissue (WAT) revealed adipocytes with multilocular fat droplets reminiscent of WAT browning. In addition, mRNA expression of Ucp1 was increased. Mutant mice also presented differing mitochondrial DNA content in various tissues and altered metabolic activity in mitochondria, but no further phenotypical or behavioral abnormalities. Preliminary data imply normal survival of DguokF180S/F180S mutant animals.
Conclusion
These data are suggestive of the presence of compensatory mechanisms in the context of this specific mutation, ensuring sufficient mitochondrial DNA levels that do not further influence phenotype and survival.
The impact of PSMA-PET on Oncologic Control in Prostate Cancer Patients Who Experienced PSA Persistence or Recurrence
Authors: Bianchi Lorenzo , Ceci Francesco , Costa Francesco , Balestrazzi Eleonora , Droghetti Matteo , Piazza Pietro , Pissavini Alessandro , Mei Riccardo , Farolfi Andrea , Castellucci Paolo , Puliatti Stefano , larcher alessandro , Gandaglia Giorgio , Mottrie Alexandre , Briganti Alberto , MORGANTI Alessio G. , Fanti Stefano , Montorsi Francesco , Schiavina Riccardo , Brunocilla Eugenio
Published: October 2022

Background: Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen-Positron Emission Tomography (PSMA-PET) is currently recommended to restage prostate cancer (PCa) and to guide the delivery of salvage treatments. We aim to evaluate the oncologic outcomes of patients with recurrent PCa who received PSMA-PET.
Methods: 324 hormone-sensitive PCa with PSA relapse after radical prostatectomy who underwent PSMA-PET in 3 high-volume European Centres. Patients have been stratified as pre-salvage setting who never received salvage treatments (n=134) and post-salvage setting, including patients who received previous salvage therapies (n=190). Patients with oligorecurrent (≤ 3 lesions) PSMA-positive disease underwent PSMA-directed treatments: salvage radiotherapy (sRT) or Metastases-directed therapy (MDT). Patients with polirecurrent (>3 lesions) PSMA-positive disease were treated with systemic therapy. Patients with negative PSMA-PET were treated with sRT or systemic therapies or observation according to the treating physician preferences. The primary outcome of the study was Progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary outcomes were: Metastases-free survival (MFS) and Castration Resistant Pca free survival (CRPC-FS). Kaplan-Meier analyses assessed PFS, MFS and CRPC-FS in the pre-salvage and post-salvage setting. Multivariable Cox regression models identified predictors of progression and metastatic disease.
Results: Median follow up was 23 months (IQR: 10-34 months). In pre-salvage setting, the PFS, MFS and CRPC-FS estimates at 3 years were 66.2% vs. 38.9%, 95.2% vs 73.7% and 94.9% vs 93.1% in patients with negative vs. positive PSMA-PET, respectively (all p≥0.2). In post-salvage setting, the PFS, MFS and CRPC-FS estimates at 3 years were 59.5% vs. 29.1%, 92.7% vs. 65.1% and 98.8% vs 88.8% in patients with negative vs. positive PSMA-PET, respectively (all p≤0.01). At multivariable analyses, a positive PSMA-PET was an independent predictor of progression (HR=2.15) and metastatic disease (HR 2.37; all p≤0.03).
Conclusion: PSMA-PET in recurrent PCa detects the site of recurrence guiding salvage treatments and has a prognostic role in patients who received previous salvage treatments.
Distinct Resting-State Functional Connectivity Patterns of Anterior Insula Affected by Smoking in Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Zhang Tianyi , Zeng Qingze , Li Kaicheng , Liu Xiaocao , Fu Yanv , Qiu Tiantian , Huang Peiyu , Luo Xiao , Liu Zhirong , Peng Guoping
Published: October 2022

Background
Smoking is a modifiable risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The insula plays a key role in both smoking and cognition. However, the smoking effects on insula-related networks in cognitively normal controls (CN) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients remain unknown.
Methods
We recruited 129 CN (85 non-smokers and 44 smokers) and 83 MCI (54 non-smokers and 29 smokers). Each underwent neuropsychological assessment and MRI (structural and resting-state functional). Seed-based functional analyses in anterior and posterior insula were performed to calculate the functional connectivity (FC) with voxels in whole brain. Mixed-effect analyses were performed to explore the interactive effects on smoking and cognitive status. Associations between FCand neuropsychological scales were assessed.
Results
Mixed-effect analyses revealed the FC differences between the right anterior insula (RAI) with the left middle temporal gyrus (LMTG) and that with the right inferior parietal lobule (RIPL) (p < 0.01). The FC of RAI in both LMTG and RIPL sees a significant decrease in MCI smokers (p< 0.01). Furthermore, the FC between RAI and RIPL was associated with processing speed (r = -0.35, p = 0.003) and execution (r = -0.45, p< 0.001)in smokers.
Conclusion
Smoking affects insular FC differently between MCI and CN, and could decrease the insula FC in MCI patients. Our study provides evidence of neural mechanisms between smoking and AD.
Prediction of respiratory complications by quantifying lung contusion volume using chest computed tomography in patients with chest trauma
Authors: Lee Na Hyeon , Kim Seon Hee , Seo Sang-hyup , Kim Byeong-Jun , Lee Chi-Seung , Kim Gil Hwan , Park Sung Jin , Ryu Dong Yeon , Kim Ho Hyun , Lee Sang Bong , Park Chan Ik , Kim Jae Hun , Kim Seon Hyun
Published: October 2022

Pulmonary contusion is an important risk factor for respiratory complications in trauma patients. Hence, we aimed to determine the relationship between pulmonary contusion volume and patient outcomes and the predictability of respiratory complications. We retrospectively included 73 patients with a pulmonary contusion on chest computed tomography (CT) from 800 patients with chest trauma admitted to our facility between January 2019 and January 2020. Chest injury severity was expressed as the ratio of the normal lung volume to total lung volume by quantifying pulmonary contusion volume on chest CT. The cut-off value was 80%. Among 73 patients with pulmonary contusion (77% males, mean age: 45.3 years), 28 patients had pneumonia, and 5 had acute respiratory distress syndrome. The number of patients in the severe risk group with <80% of normal lung volume was 38, among which 23 had pneumonia. In predicting pneumonia, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves for the ratio of the normal lung volume to total lung volume was 0.85 (95% confidence interval: 0.76–0.95, p=0.008), and the optimal threshold was 70.4%. Quantifying pulmonary contusion volume using initial CT in patients with chest trauma allows for identifying patients at high risk of delayed respiratory complications.
The discovery of multiple active mys-related LTR-retroelements within the Neotominae subfamily of cricetid rodents
Authors: Kass David H , Beatty Sarah , Smith Ashlee , Scott Megan , Shah Dishita , Czaplicki Mary
Published: October 2022

Retrotransposon families in the rodent family Cricetidae have been understudied in contrast to Muridae, both taxa classified within the superfamily Muroidea. Therefore, we pursued advancing our knowledge of the unique mys-1 LTR-retroelement identified in Peromyscus leucopus by utilizing intra-ORF PCR, quantitative dot bots, DNA and protein library screens, the generation of molecular phylogenies, and analyses of orthologous LTR-retroelement loci. This led to the discovery of three additional related families of LTR-retroelements. These include a 2900 bp full-length element of mys-related sequences (mysRS), an 8,000 bp element containing the mys ORF1 sequence (mORF1) with ERV-related sequences downstream in the reverse orientation, as well as an 1800 bp element primarily consisting of mys ORF2 (mORF2) related sequences flanked by LTRs. Our data revealed a very limited number of full-length mys elements among genera of the Neotominae subfamily of cricetid rodents. Additionally, although we estimated roughly 5,000–10,000 genomic copies of the mysRS element among Neotominae, most exist as partial copies. The mORF1 elements are also limited to the genomes of the Neotominae subfamily of cricetid rodents, whereas mORF2 appears limited to the Peromyscus genus. Molecular phylogenies demonstrating concerted evolution, along with an assessment of orthologous loci in Peromyscus for the presence or absence of elements, are consistent with recent activity of these novel LTR-retroelement families. Together with known activity of various families of non-LTR retroelements in Peromyscus species, we propose that retrotransposons have been continually contributing to the dynamics of Peromyscus genomes and are plausibly associated with the evolution of the over 50 identified species.
Anomalous enhancement of charge density wave in kagome superconductor CsV3Sb5 approaching the 2D limit
Authors: Song Boqing , Ying Tianping , Wu Xianxin , Xia Wei , Yin Qiangwei , Zhang Qinghua , Song Yanpeng , Yang Xiaofan , Guo Jiangang , Gu Lin , Chen Xiaolong , Hu Jiangping , Schnyder Andreas , Lei Hechang , Guo Yanfeng , Li Shiyan
Published: October 2022

The two-dimensional (2D) kagome lattice is a versatile platform to explore exotic quantum states. The recently discovered kagome superconductors AV3Sb5 (A= Cs, Rb, K) containing vanadium kagome lattices exhibit a variety of intriguing phenomena, such as a charge density wave (CDW) with time-reversal symmetry breaking and possible unconventional superconductivity. In particular, in bulk samples the CDW displays a three-dimensional character and tends to be suppressed by external or chemical pressure. However, the characteristics and stability of the CDW order in atomically thin flakes approaching the 2D limit remain unexplored. Here, through combined electrical transport, scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and Raman scattering measurements, we report an intertwined-order phase diagram of CsV3Sb5 flakes down to the monolayer. After successfully confirming the stability of the kagome lattice down to at least 4 layers, we observe a non-monotonic evolution of the CDW transition temperature TCDW with a reduction of flake thickness. TCDW first decreases to a minimum value of 72 K at 27 layers and then increases abruptly, reaching a record-high value of 120 K at 5 layers. The superconducting transition temperature (Tc) features an inverse variation with TCDW. Flakes with less than 5 layers, however, become more insulating with decreasing thickness. Raman scattering measurements reveal a weakened electron-phonon coupling with the reduction of sample thickness, suggesting that a crossover from electron-phonon coupling to dominantly electronic interactions could account for the non-monotonic thickness dependence of TCDW. Our work demonstrates the novel effects of dimension reduction and carrier doping on quantum states in thin flakes and provides crucial insights into the complex mechanism of the CDW order in the family of AV3Sb5 kagome metals.
Green immobilization and efficient proliferation of Escherichia coli cells in polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel membranes by unidirectional nanopore dehydration
Authors: Zhong Zhi-Hao , Zhang Yu-Qing
Published: October 2022

Background: The immobilized technology for microbial or cells has the advantages of high microbial activity, high microbial density per unit space, good tolerance, strong shock, load resistance, high processing efficiency, and high reuse rate. It is now widely used in environmental remediation, water quality treatment, biodegradation, food industry, chemical analysis, energy development, medicine and pharmaceuticals, and other fields.
Results: A novel Escherichia coli cell-immobilizing polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel membrane (ECI-PVAHM) was prepared by unidirectional nanopore dehydration (UND) from a 10% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) aqueous solution containing enhanced green fluorescent protein-labeled E. coli. This bacteria-loaded film has high water stability, flexibility, transparency, and mechanical robustness. Its tensile strength, elongation rate, and swelling rate are in the ranges 0.66–0.90 MPa, 300%–390%, and 330–800%, respectively. The effective bacterial load of ECI-PVAHM is 2.375×109–1010 CFU/g (dry weight), which does not affect the original crystal structure of the PVAHM. This biofilm has a porous network structure with pore sizes between 0.2 and 1.0 μm, and these cells are embedded in the PVAHM network. When the immobilized cells were continuously cultured for 20 days, and the medium was renewed twice daily, their relative proliferation efficiency after 40 cycles could still be maintained at ~91%.
Conclusion: The above results show that the cell division, proliferation ability, and metabolic activity of immobilized E. coli were not affected by the physical barrier of the porous network structure of the hydrogel. This UND-based ECI-PVAHM has potential applications in molecular biology, biopharmaceutical expression and production, bioreactors, and fuel cells.
Composition and Structural Identification of Silicon Particles in Diamond Wire Saw Silicon Powder
Authors: Zhang Tian , Wei Kuixian , Yang Shicong , Ma Wenhui
Published: October 2022

Improving the effective utilization of diamond wire saw silicon powder (DWSSP) waste is beneficial to increasing the production profit of the photovoltaic (PV) industry. It is also important to reduce the emissions of DWSSP to control environmental pollution. However, the surface oxides of silicon particles in DWSSP hinder its effective utilization. In this study, five raw DWSSP materials with different oxygen contents were used to reveal the composition and structure of surface oxides. Initially, the presence of amorphous SiO2 was proved by crystal transformation. Then, the SiO2 content was determined by SiO2-CaO phase diagram analysis, and the SiOx content was determined by using the oxygen conservation rule. The variation trend between the SiO2, SiOx, and Si contents in DWSSP and the O content was determined, according to the SiO2 and SiOx contents. Furthermore, the systematic study of raw DWSSP leads to general formula of the SiO2, SiOx, and Si contents with the total O content can be obtained. The three-layer structure of DWSSP was revealed, the DWSSP consisting of a Si core, an intermediate SiOx layer, and a SiO2 shell. This study can accurately identify the composition and structure of DWSSP and provide a better theoretical basis for the selection and design of the DWSSP recovery process.
An unusual case of huge fibrotic sac of hematoma at saphenous vein harvest site for CABG
Authors: Lee June , Na Hye Rim , Hong Seok Beom , Kim Do Yeon , Kim Hwan Wook , Kim Yong Han
Published: October 2022

Great saphenous vein is a conduit commonly used for coronary artery bypass grafting. However, several complications could occur at leg wound site for vein harvesting. Here, we describe a huge sac of hematoma as an uncommon complication of saphenous vein harvest for coronary artery bypass grafting. A 62-year-old gentleman was readmitted with swelling at left thigh 30 days after coronary artery bypass grafting. Lower extremity computed tomography was suggestive of an oval and thick sac implying a hematoma or seroma. After using ultrasound scanning for the mass, an incision through the previous surgical wound showed a huge mass looking like a ‘sweet potato’. Inspection after incision the mass revealed an old hematoma within the sac. Pathologic findings demonstrated chronic inflammation with the hematoma surrounded by a fibrotic sac. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful without recurrence. Our experience suggests the possibility of a huge hematoma within a thick fibrotic sac at the previous vein harvest site for coronary artery bypass grafting. We hope that this case will contribute to the management of leg wound complications in similar cases.
Association between age and the host response in critically ill patients with sepsis
Authors: Michels Erik H.A. , Butler Joe M. , Reijnders Tom D.Y. , Cremer Olaf L. , Scicluna Brendon P. , Uhel Fabrice , Peters-Sengers Hessel , Schultz Marcus J. , Knight Julian C. , Vught Lonneke A. van , Poll Tom van der
Published: October 2022

Background
The association of ageing with increased sepsis mortality is well established. Nonetheless, current investigations on the influence of age on host response aberrations are largely limited to plasma cytokine levels while neglecting other pathophysiological sepsis domains like endothelial cell activation and function, and coagulation activation. The primary objective of this study was to gain insight into the association of ageing with aberrations in key host response pathways and blood transcriptomes in sepsis.
Methods
We analysed the clinical outcome (n = 1952), 16 plasma biomarkers providing insight in deregulation of specific pathophysiological domains (n = 899), and blood leukocyte transcriptomes (n = 488) of sepsis patients stratified according to age decades. Blood transcriptome results were validated in an independent sepsis cohort and compared with healthy individuals.
Results
Older age was associated with increased mortality independent of comorbidities and disease severity. Ageing was associated with lower endothelial cell activation and dysfunction, and similar inflammation and coagulation activation, despite higher disease severity scores. Blood leukocytes of patients ≥ 70 years, compared to patients < 50 years, showed decreased expression of genes involved in cytokine signaling, and innate and adaptive immunity, and increased expression of genes involved in hemostasis and endothelial cell activation. The diminished expression of gene pathways related to innate immunity and cytokine signaling in subjects ≥ 70 years was sepsis-induced, as healthy subjects ≥ 70 years showed enhanced expression of these pathways compared to healthy individuals < 50 years.
Conclusions
These data demonstrate age-associated differences in the host response to sepsis and suggest that age should be considered in patient selection in future sepsis trials targeting the immune system and/or the endothelial cell response.
miR-212-5p protects the brain against ischemic damage in rats and its function is regulated by the lncfos/miR-212-5p/CASP7 axis
Authors: Li Shenghua , Qu Xiang , Qin Zhenxiu , Gao Jinggui , Li Jinpin , Liu Jing-Li
Published: October 2022

miR-212-5p has been reported to be involved in many biological processes. However, the role of miR-212-5p in ischemic stroke remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the biological role and potential mechanism of miR-212-5p inbrain damage in rats with ischemic stroke by investigating the lncfos/miR-212-5p/CASP7 axis. Rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and intracerebroventricular injection of miRNA agomir, miRNA antagomir, shRNA lentiviral vector or negative control. The neurological deficit score, infarct volume and histopathology, neuronal apoptosis, lncfos, miR-212-5p and CASP7 expression in the peri-infarct area were assessed. In this study, we found thatthe expression level of miR-212-5p was significantly downregulated in the peri-infarct area and blood in MCAO rats and in the blood of patients with ischemic stroke. The double luciferase experiment showed that CASP7 was the direct target gene of miR-212-5p and that lncfos was the direct target gene of miR-212-5p. Lateral ventricular injection of miR-212-5p agomir can effectively inhibit apoptosis induced by ischemic brain damage, reduce infarct volume, improve neurological deficit symptoms and downregulate the expression of CASP7 in the peri-infarct area in MCAO rats. Suppressing lncfos with sh-fos can upregulate the expression of miR-212-5p and plays a neuroprotective role in rat MCAO models. We conclude that miR-212-5p plays a neuroprotective role in rat MCAO models and that its function is regulated by the lncfos/miR-212-5p/CASP7 axis.
Iterative 3D modeling of thermal effects in end-pumped continuous-wave Ho3+:YAG lasers
Authors: Rupp Marius , Eichhorn Marc , Kieleck Christelle
Published: October 2022

We present a highly accurate model for end-pumped continuous-wave Ho3+:YAG laser resonators, based on a vectorial beam propagation method (BPM) algorithm. Thermal effects in the laser crystal like thermal lensing and stress birefringence are taken into consideration. The implementation of these effects is based on an iterative method, which updates the temperature and displacement in the crystal at specific roundtrip intervals. An experimental Ho3+:YAG resonator cavity in continuous wave operation is used to validate the model. In particular, a resonator showing higher order modes and beam distortions at higher pump power is set up, which shows a very good agreement between the model and experimental results.
Experimental investigation of steel fibres and polypropylene fibres effect on Fibre reinforced concrete
Authors: antarvedi Bhawani
Published: October 2022

The study is aimed to determine the effect of varying percentage of dosage of steel and polypropylene fibres in fresh concrete properties and find that optimum percentage of steel-polypropylene fibre which can enhance the more compressive strength, flexural strength and also reducing the crack initiation and reduction of shrinkage cracks. The results present that flexural and compressive strength characteristics influenced by steel and polypropylene fibres. Using steel fibres are found to be more effective for the enhancement of flexural strength characteristics and reducing cracks propagation. Two types of steel fibres namely crimped steel fibre and hooked end steel fibre are used separately with polypropylene fibres. The crimped steel fibre is more effective than the hooked end steel fibre. The workability is also affected by the addition of steel fibres. Workability is more affected by the crimped steel fibres than hooked steel fibres. The amounts of fibres in the SPFRC mixes are varied from 0.5–1% of the total volume of concrete. The variation is also carried out in the combination of steel and polypropylene fibres to enhance the properties of SPFRC Mixes. Steel fibre varies from 0.25–0.85% whereas polypropylene fibre varies from 0.15% and 0.25%. After all the tests carried out on the SPFRC samples, it showed the type of steel fibre to be preferred with Optimum Content of Fibre Mix is proposed.
PD-L1 expression is not a predictive factor for recurrence in resected non-small cell lung cancer Sub-heading: PD-L1 is not a predictive factor for recurrence
Authors: Motono Nozomu , Mizoguchi Takaki , Ishikawa Masahito , Iwai Shun , Iijima Yoshihito , Uramoto Hidetaka
Published: October 2022

Purpose: Although targeting programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), is an established treatment modality for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the prognostic relevance of PD-L1 expression in NSCLC patients who undergo pulmonary resection is controversial.
Methods: Two hundred thirty-seven NSCLC patients who underwent pulmonary resection were enrolled and the relationship between PD-L1 and various clinicopathological factors, as well as the prognostic relevance of PD-L1, was evaluated.
Results: PD-L1 expression was significantly higher in male patients (p<0.01), lymphatic invasion (p<0.01), vascular invasion (p<0.01), grade 3–4 differentiation (p<0.01), squamous cell carcinoma (p<0.01), and pathological stage >II (p<0.01), but significantly lower in those who were epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation-negative (p<0.01). Relapse-free survival was significantly worse in patients with PD-L1 expression (p=0.04). Univariate analysis showed that male sex (p=0.04), carcinoembryonic antigen expression (CEA) (p<0.01), maximum standardized uptake value (p<0.01), lymphatic invasion (p<0.01), vascular invasion (p<0.01), grade 3–4 differentiation (p<0.01), lower lobe disease (p=0.04), PD-L1 expression (p=0.03), and pathological stage (p<0.01) were significant risk factors of recurrence. In multivariate analysis, CEA expression (p=0.01), lymphatic invasion (p=0.04), and pathological stage (p<0.01) were risk factors for recurrence, whereas PD-L1 expression was not a significant factor of recurrence (p=0.62).
Conclusion: PD-L1 expression was not a risk factor of recurrence but tumor progression tended to increase PD-L1 expression.
Trial registration: The Institutional Review Board of Kanazawa Medical University approved the protocol of this retrospective study (approval number: I392), and written informed consent was obtained from all patients
Education as protective factor toward mental health risks among youth living in highly dangerous regions in Afghanistan
Authors: Kovess-Masfety Viviane , Frounfelker Rochelle , Keyes Katherine , Karam Elie , Sabawoon Ajmal , Sarwari Bashir Ahmad , Husky Mathilde , Kaur Navdep , Rousseau Cecile
Published: October 2022

Background: By living in dangerous areas, children in Afghanistan have been exposed to traumatic events and chaotic education; the ongoing Taliban’s comeback continues to jeopardize access to school for girls, hardly secured in the past.
Objectives: The objectives were to evaluate children mental health in a high-risk situation and the protective effect of attending to school for girls and boys.
Method: The study included 2707 school age children in eight regions of Afghanistan (16 provinces) residing in households recruited through a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling strategy in 2017. The level of terrorist threat was evaluated by the intensity of terrorist attacks recorded that year in each province. Child mental health was assessed with the parent Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) along with information on school attendance, sociodemographic characteristics and geographic location.
Results : A total of 52.75% of children had scores above threshold for the SDQ total difficulties score, 39,19% for emotional, 51,98% for conduct, 15,37% hyperactivity/inattention; peer relationship problems were high: 82.86%; and 12.38% reported that they impacted daily life. The level of terrorist threat was highly associated with SDQ total difficulties (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR]=4.08 P<.0001), with youth in high levels of terrorist threat regions more likely to have problems than youth in regions with low or medium levels of danger, independently of region and ethnicity. School attendance was protective for emotional (AOR=0.65 P<.0001) and mental health difficiulties with impairment (AOR=0.67 P=0.007), but increased risk for peer relationships difficulties (AOR=1.96 P>.0001). Conduct (AOR=1.66 P<.0001) and SDQ total difficulties (AOR=1.22 P=.019) were higher among boys. Overall, gender did not modify the relationship between school attendance and child mental health.
Conclusion: To attend school is essential for children’s mental health, across gender, and should be supported as a priority in Afghanistan.
Perceived Stigma among Discharged Patients of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a Latent Profile Analysis
Authors: Wu Yijin , Dai Zhenwei , Xiao Weijun , Wang Hao , Huang Yiman , Si Mingyu , Fu Jiaqi , Chen Xu , Jia Mengmeng , Leng Zhiwei , Cui Dan , Mak Winnie W. S. , Su Xiaoyou
Published: October 2022

Background
Perceived stigma has greatly influenced the life quality of the COVID-19 patients who recovered and were discharged (RD hereafter). It is essential to understand COVID-19 stigma of RD and its related risk factors. The current study aims to identify the characteristics of perceived COVID-19 stigma in RD using latent profile analysis (LPA), to explore its psycho-social influencing factors, and to determine the cut-off point of the stigma scale using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among COVID-19 RD in 13 communities in Jianghan District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China from June 10 to July 25, 2021, enrolling total 1297 participants. Data were collected on demographic characteristics, COVID-19 perceived stigma, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, depression, sleep disorder, fatigue, resilience, social support, and peace of mind. LPA was performed to identify different profiles of perceived COVID-19 stigma level. Univariate analysis and multinominal logistic regression analysis were conducted to explore the influencing factors in different profiles. ROC analyses was carried out to identify the cut-off value of perceived stigma.
Results
Among the participants, three profiles of perceived stigma were identified: “low perceived COVID-19 stigma” (12.8%), “moderate perceived COVID-19 stigma” (51.1%), and “severe perceived COVID-19 stigma” (36.1%). Multinominal logistic regression analysis revealed that older age, living with other people, anxiety, and sleep disorder were positively associated with moderate perceived COVID-19 stigma, while higher educational level was negatively associated with moderate perceived COVID-19 stigma. Female, older age, living with other people, anxiety, and sleep disorder were positively associated with severe perceived COVID-19 stigma, while higher educational level, social support, and peace of mind were negatively associated with severe perceived COVID-19 stigma. ROC curve of the Short Version of COVID-19 Stigma Scale(CSS-S) for screening perceived COVID-19 stigma showed that the optimal cut-off value was ≥20.
Conclusion
The study focuses on the issue of perceived COVID-19 stigma and its psycho-socio influencing factors. It provides evidence for implementing relevant psychological interventions to COVID-19 RD.
Movement Analytics: Current Status, Application to Manufacturing, and Future Prospects from an AI Perspective
Authors: Baumgartner Peter , Smith Daniel , Rana Mashud , Kapoor Reena , Tartaglia Elena , Schutt Andreas , Rahman Ashfaqur , Taylor John , Dunstall Simon
Published: October 2022

Data-driven decision making is becoming an integral part of manufacturing companies. Data is collected and commonly used to improve efficiency and produce high quality items for the customers. IoT-based and other forms of object tracking are an emerging tool for collecting movement data of objects/entities (e.g. human workers, moving vehicles, trolleys etc.) over space and time.Movement datacan provide valuable insights like process bottlenecks, resource utilization, effective working time etc. that can be used for decision making and improving efficiency. Turning movement data into valuable information for industrial management and decision making requires analysis methods. We refer to this process asmovement analytics. The purpose of this document is to review the current state of work for movement analytics both in manufacturing and more broadly. We survey relevant work from both a theoretical perspective and an application perspective. From the theoretical perspective, we put an emphasis on useful methods from two research areas: machine learning, and logic-based knowledge representation. We also review their combinations in view of movement analytics, and we discuss promising areas for futuredevelopment and application. Furthermore, we touch on constraint optimization. From an application perspective, we review applications of these methods to movement analytics in a general sense and across various industries. We also describe currently available commercial off-the-shelf products for tracking in manufacturing, and we overview main concepts of digital twins and their applications.
Towards harmonizing the collection of game statistics in Europe: a case study
Authors: Ruiz-Rodríguez Carmen , Blanco-Aguiar José A , Gómez-Molina Azahara , Illanas Sonia , Fernández-López Javier , Acevedo Pelayo , Vicente Joaquín
Published: October 2022

Wildlife population monitoring requires that collected information be comparable among data collection frameworks and useful in decision making. Hunting statistics may suppose a reliable alternative for monitoring population trends of game species, however, there is not a common and homogeneous framework in Europe, even, within countries. As a case of study, we aimed to i) describe the variability in the big game statistics collection frameworks across mainland regions in Spain, and ii) to propose a minimum common denominator for a harmonized approach at country level. The main constraints identified are that different information is collected among regions, and the variation in resolution and methodologies used. It is essential to incorporate hunting effort-related variables and improve temporal resolution (event level detail) to achieve complete harmonization. The use of applications to collect information from the field in a harmonized way is recommended, and this implies engaging stakeholders as part of the monitoring process. Applications should be designed on purpose only once objectives and monitoring program are defined. The open availability of hunting data collected will benefit the collaboration and information transfer to scientific and professional sectors. Our recommendations can be adapted to European countries, which would enlarge the usefulness of hunting data for population monitoring and wildlife policy-making at large-spatial scales. Initiatives such as the 'European Wildlife Observatory' initiative (www.wildlifeobservatory.org), a network of wildlife observation and monitoring points in Europe, may help to exchange data and implement harmonized protocols for the knowledge of European wildlife populations through the use of hunting statistics.
Theoretical and computational analysis of the thermal quasi-geostrophic model
Authors: Crisan Dan , Holm Darryl , Luesink Erwin , Mensah Prince Romeo , Pan Wei
Published: October 2022

This work involves theoretical and numerical analysis of the Thermal Quasi-Geostrophic (TQG) model of submesoscale geophysical fluid dynamics (GFD). Physically, the TQG model involves thermal geostrophic balance, in which the Rossby number, the Froude number and the stratification parameter are all of the same asymptotic order. The main analytical contribution of this paper is to construct local-in-time unique strong solutions for the TQG model. For this, we show that solutions of its regularized version α-TQG converge to solutions of TQG as its smoothing parameter α → 0 and we obtain blowup criteria for the α-TQG model.The main contribution of the computational analysis is to verify the rate of convergence ofα-TQG solutions to TQG solutions as α → 0 for example simulations in appropriate GFD regimes.
No evident sex-biased herbivory but phenological and interannual variation in Fuchsia parviflora (Onagraceae) a dioecious Neotropical shrub
Authors: Leal Yunuén , González Clementina , López-Toledo Leonel , Cuevas Eduardo
Published: October 2022

Herbivory may have a great impact in plants, reducing plant biomass and fitness. Herbivory patterns may differ among genders in dioecious species, affecting male and female plants differentially, which has been suggested to be a consequence of differences in resource allocation among genders. In this study, we evaluated herbivory intensity and mechanical defenses among genders during two years and during different phenological stages in populations of Fuchsia parviflora, a dioecious shrub. We also evaluated generalist and specialist herbivore gender preferences through a cafeteria experiment. No evident herbivory patterns were detected among genders using both the proportion of leaves damaged and the proportion of leaf area removed, except during one year in two populations where females had a significantly higher proportion of leaves damaged. This patter is similar to the specialist herbivore preference detected in the cafeteria experiment. We also found significant differences in herbivory intensity among phenological stages, populations and years, highlighting the relevance of continuous sampling to have a general picture of herbivory patterns in dioecious plants.
Green Guidewire Combined with Epidural Needle - Saline Separating Minimize Invasiveness and Optimize Outcomes in Single-Port Laparoscopic Treatment for Pediatric Inguinal Hernia
Authors: Lin Haipeng , Zeng Jianfeng , Qiu Zhaozhen , Zhou Zhiping , Huang Jingshan
Published: October 2022

Purpose: To investigate the application value, feasibility and safety of modified single-port laparoscopic surgery in the treatment for inguinal hernia in children.
Methods: 60 cases of children with indirect inguinal hernia admitted from 2019 to 2022 were divided into control group and observation group, with 30 cases in each group. They underwent traditional open high ligation of hernia sac and modified single-port laparoscopic high ligation of hernia sac, respectively. The operation duration, surgical incision size, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hospital stay, first ambulation time, hospitalization expenses were compared between the two groups, as well as the incidence of surgical complications in two groups.
Results: The surgical incision size, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hospital stay, and first ambulation time of observation group were less than those of control group. There was no significant difference in operation duration or hospitalization expenses between the two groups. Only 1 case in observation group showed suture knot reaction after surgery, with no incision infection, inguinal hematoma, iatrogenic cryptorchidism, etc. The overall incidence of complications in observation group was lower than that of control group.
Conclusion: The modified single-port laparoscopic surgery for inguinal hernia in children has the advantages of minimal invasiveness, enhanced recovery, less complications and recurrence, thus should be recommended in clinical application.