bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multiple invasive aspergillus brain abscess in an immunocompetent patient without any history of trauma
Authors: Barde Akshay K. , Soni Pankaj
Published: December 2019

Aspergillus is a fungus found in the environment. In an immunocompetent person, inhalation of spores may cause localized infection. In immune compromised patients, these fungi can cause life-threatening invasive infections which has high morbidity and mortality. Invasive aspergillosis has a poor prognosis. Intracranial aspergillosis is an extremely rare manifestation of invasive aspergillosis in immunocompetent individuals. A case of 60-year-old immunocompetent male is reported who had multiple Aspergillus brain abscess.
Radio-surgical correlation of chronic suppurative otitis media
Authors: B. S. Yogeesha , Maradi Nagaraj , Shekhar Ravi , Urs Rohini D.
Published: December 2019

Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) because of disease nature and location of vital structures like middle ear ossicles, facial nerve, and lateral semicircular canal poses clinical as well as radiological challenge in diagnosis, especially the squamosal variety. Hence this study to evaluate radio-surgical correlation in cases of CSOM.

Methods: We retrospectively analysed 92 case records who met the inclusion criteria. Their pre-operative high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) temporal bone imaging was evaluated for erosion of the ossicular chain and the fallopian canal. This was correlated with the surgical findings noted intra-operatively. The appropriate statistical analysis was carried out. The radio-surgical correlation was evaluated by Cohen’s kappa value.  

Results: The kappa value for status of ossicular chain was 0.805 and 0.384 for status of fallopian canal. HRCT imaging had a positive predictive value and negative predictive value of 94.3% and 85.3% respectively, in detecting ossicular chain erosion. In detecting fallopian canal erosion, HRCT showed a sensitivity of 33.3%. Analysing the individual ossicles, we found kappa to be 0.266 for malleus, 0.463 for incus and 0.827 for stapes.

Conclusions: There was excellent radio-surgical correlation for ossicular chain erosion while it was poor for fallopian canal erosion. HRCT showed excellent radio-surgical correlation for stapes, moderate for incus and poor for malleus. In-spite of its shortcomings in differentiating cholesteatoma and non-cholesteatomatous pathologies of the middle ear cleft, HRCT imaging plays a key role in assessing the status of the ossicles and fallopian canal.

 
Chronic kidney disease and its reflections on skin: a study from North-East India
Authors: Devi Bijayanti , Das Ranjit Chandra , Das Suchanda , Goswami Anup
Published: December 2019

Background: Chronic kidney disease is associated with a variety of cutaneous manifestations as a result of underlying etiology as well as the various treatment modalities.

Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out for two year among 100 diagnosed cases of chronic kidney disease admitted in the Department of General Medicine, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Manipur, India having at least one mucocutaneous manifestation. Complete clinical and dermatogical evaluation and relevant investigations were done in all patients.

Results: There were 57% male and 43% female patients. The maximum number of study subjects belonged to the age range of 41 to 60 years. Diabetes mellitus was the commonest (39%) cause of chronic kidney disease in this study, followed by hypertension (32%), chronic interstitial nephritis and chronic glomerulonephritis (9%) each, other diseases (7%) and obstructive uropathy (4%). Sixty three percent of the patients were managed under conservative therapy and rest (37%) was on dialysis. Xerosis (72%) was the most common cutaneous manifestation followed by pallor (64%), pruritis (56%), hyperpigmentation (51%), yellowish hue (21%), dermatitis (10%) and others (24%). Infectious skin manifestations were present in 43% of study population, among which fungal, bacterial, viral disease constituted 19%, 17% and 7% respectively. Mucosal changes, hair changes and nail changes were reported in 77%, 68%, 119% cases respectively.

Conclusions: Early recognition and management of the dermatological manifestations vastly reduce the morbidity and improve the quality of life in chronic kidney disease patients.
Educating Gen Z in a digital world
Authors: Valintine Frances
Published: December 2019

Keynote Address for ANZEA Conference, 16–19 July 2018, Waipuna Lodge, Auckland
Frances Valintine is a “Futurist” thought-leader in emerging and disruptive technologies and has 20 years’ experience across business, technology, and education. In 2013, Frances founded The Mind Lab, a unique collaboration between a public education provider and a specialist education lab dedicated to digital literacy capability and contemporary practice in the teaching profession. In 2016, she launched Tech Futures Lab to navigate the new world of technology-enabled businesses. In 2018, Frances was appointed a Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit in recognition of her lifetime of contribution to education and technology. She has won a number of awards, including the New Zealand Flying Kiwi Award, a Sir Peter Blake Leader Award, the Westpac New Zealand Woman of Influence (Innovation), and the NEXT New Zealand Woman of the Year (Education). She has also been inducted into the New Zealand Hi-Tech Hall of Fame.
Frances was invited to keynote at the ANZEA Conference to share her insights on future prospects for Aotearoa New Zealand. She spoke about the need for our education system to be responsive to young people who have grown up as digital natives surrounded by technologies that open the world up to them. Conference participants shared that it was riveting to contemplate the responsiveness of evaluation to a data-rich and digitally defined world that young people took for granted.
Evaluation in tertiary education
Authors: Hamerton Heather , Torr Amanda
Published: December 2019

In Aotearoa New Zealand, the New Zealand Qualifications Authority (NZQA) has an evaluative quality-assurance framework for all non-university tertiary education organisations. NZQA expects organisations to engage in their own self-assessment to maintain and improve quality and achieve outcomes. However, NZQA allows each organisation to decide its own methods, so long as self-assessment is systematic and planned, and improvement activities and decisions are evidence based. In 2015, our organisation decided to undertake a programme of evaluation as part of organisational self-assessment. The programme focused mostly on carrying out small-scale formal evaluations of new initiatives, activities, and programmes that were achieving good learner outcomes. This article describes three case-study examples to illustrate the range of evaluation activities completed to date. In our experience, evaluation provides a strong mechanism for education providers to define what quality is, taking into account the outcomes students, communities, and employers are seeking, as well as the external benchmarks and output measures government agencies use. Our experiences of evaluation have implications for evaluators. We have demonstrated that evaluation capability can be enhanced by teaming novice evaluators with those who are more experienced. We have also noted that organisational culture and leadership are crucial in ensuring evaluation findings are implemented. Multiple lenses on quality allow institutions to develop and demonstrate their ability to respond to the changing needs of students and stakeholders and enable students’ skill development to be recognised. We have found that evaluation builds confidence: in teachers to innovate and do things differently; in communities to work closely with providers to ensure their needs are met; in quality-assurance agencies that education standards meet required national and international benchmarks; and in funders who want to know public funding is being used wisely.
The overall evaluative conclusion as an element of evaluation practice
Authors: MacDonald Jo
Published: December 2019

The questions of who values, with whom, in what ways, and under what conditions concern all evaluators but are explicitly considered by some theorists more than others. Theorists placed on the valuing branch of Christie and Alkin’s (2013) evaluation theory tree emphasise valuing in their conceptualisation of evaluation, but even among these theorists there is diversity in the ways in which valuing is considered and realised in evaluation practice. This article explores this diversity within one aspect of valuing—the valuing involved in reaching a warranted conclusion about the overall merit, worth, or significance of an evaluand. It considers the extent to which the literature discusses overall evaluative conclusions as an element of evaluation practice; the extent to which drawing such conclusions is seen as the responsibility of the evaluator or stakeholders; and the methods that may be used to reach a warranted evaluative conclusion. The author concludes that there has been little empirical research undertaken on the valuing involved in reaching a warranted conclusion about the overall merit, worth, or significance of an evaluand. Much of the literature is evaluators theorising from different epistemological positions. Thus, while the literature does not definitively inform evaluators of whether they should always reach an overall evaluative conclusion, who they should involve, and what methods they should use, this review does support evaluators to reflect on these issues in their practice, and to make deliberate, informed decisions about the making—or not—of overall conclusions or judgements in future evaluations.
Challenges and possibilities in developing a programme-theory model through stakeholder engagement, dialogue, and reflection
Authors: Cram Aneta , Hopson Rodney , Powell Marvin , Kaul Akashi , Williams Asia
Published: December 2019

Programme theory (PT) development can prove challenging, as power dynamics among stakeholders and/or between the evaluator and stakeholders can be hard to navigate. An important part of the PT-development process is navigating the points of knowledge of a programme and merging them to gain accurate insight on the programme and outcomes. This process typically involves inviting the perspectives of different stakeholder groups and consolidating these perspectives in a visual depiction. This article analyses the PT-development process for the STEM + Families programme of the National Parent Teacher Association (NPTA), based in Alexandria, Virginia (United States). This initiative seeks to increase access to, interest in, and understanding of STEM careers and education pathways for all children, and especially girls, children of colour, and children living in low-socioeconomic communities. The article explores how dialogue, challenges and questioning, and reflection on organisational culture within the NPTA were core components of this process and the eventual PT-model development. In particular, this article will focus on how the PT revealed sources of tension and power dynamics, and illustrated the possibilities of and challenges to the evaluation process, from the beginning of the process to report writing. Finally, the article adds to the evaluation field, as it explores the key evaluation competencies and key learnings from the described process, which hold implications for PT-development processes more broadly. Explorations of situational analysis, reflective practice, and the political and contextual environment in which the evaluation is placed emerge as key considerations and essential skill sets in PT development.
Evaluation for the Anthropocene: Global environmental perspectives
Authors: Uitto Juha I.
Published: December 2019

Fellows’ Strand plenary
Evaluation for the Anthropocene: Shaping a sustainability-ready evaluation field
2018 Canadian Evaluation Society Conference
Recognizing Intergenerational Assets Within Religious Communities of Colour
Authors: Farrow Michael J. , Farrow JeanMarie
Published: December 2019

Religious organizations within communities of colour have traditionally been ignored by educational institutions, even though they provide community cultural wealth and literacy assets. While churches are often considered as having nothing to do with school, intergenerational experiences fostered by religious networks positively influence academic achievement and should be considered. In an effort to confront the minority deficit myth and promote a responsive pedagogy, this literature-based position paper promotes the acknowledgment of religion’s role in the cultural makeup of many children of colour, and the recognition of the intergenerational assets within marginalized religious social networks.
Effect of the Low or High Volume of High-Intensity Interval Training Protocols on the Leptin and Lipid Profile in Men with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Malekinezhad Hamidreza , Moflehi Dariush , Abbasi Hamid , Behzadi Arezoo
Published: December 2019

Introduction: Sport activity leads to metabolic and physiological adaptations, which may have a beneficial role for diabetic patients. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of low volume and high volume high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on serum leptin and some of the lipid profiles of type 2 diabetic men.
Materials and Method: In this randomized clinical trial, 30 males with type 2 diabetes mellitus were divided into three groups of 10, including low volume and high volume HIIT and control groups. The low volume groups underwent intensive training for up to two minutes and a high volume group up to six minutes for 8 weeks. Blood lipid profile indicators were measured before and 48 hours after the last exercise session. The paired t-test, ANCOVA and LSD as a post hoc test were used to analyze the data.
Results: There was a significant difference before and after 8 weeks of low-volume HIIT training at triglyceride (p = 0.049). However, there was no significant difference in serum leptin, cholesterol, LDL-C, and HDL-C in men with type 2 diabetes (p > 0.05). ANCOVA only found a differences between groups on BMI (F2, 26 = 3.61, p = 0.041). Also, the post hoc in two by two comparisons of HDL showed that there was a significant difference between high volume HIIT and control groups (p = 0.021) and low volume and control group (p = 0.011). The HDL-C levels in HIIT training groups increased significantly compared to controls.
Discussion: Considering other proven adaptations of HIIT training on triglyceride, HDL and improving glycemic indexes is a useful and safe training for type 2 diabetic patients. Therefore, needing a very short time for this training, metabolic, functional and physiological adaptations of HIIT training, along with other exercises are recommended to improve the condition and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and complications of type 2 diabetes
Cardiovascular Disease Patient's Quality of Life in Tabriz City in Iran in 2018
Authors: Azami-Aghdash Saber , Gharaee Hojatollah , Aghaei Mir Hossein , Derakhshani Naser
Published: December 2019

Introduction: Recently, Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is one of the most common causes of mortality all around the world. Achieving the high Quality of Life (QOL) is considered to be important for these patients. Therefore, the objective of the present study is to investigate the quality of life among patients with CVD in Tabriz Province.
Methods: This study was conducted in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in 2018. In this study, 180 patients were selected using convenience sampling method. World Health Organizations QOL-brief (WHOQOL-BREF) modified questionnaire was used for data collection. Questionnaire was consisted of 26 questions about different aspects of patients’ QOL. Descriptive statistics analysis including frequency, percentage and mean ± standard deviation was used to analyses the data. Independent samples T-test and One Way ANOVA was also used for data analysis by SPSS.16. P-value less than 5% was considered as statistically significant.
Results: Most participants (about 80%) were in the age group of 50-69. Among the participants, about 30% of the participants were satisfied with their health status and only 12% expressed that they can afford their needs. Less than half of the participants stated that they are satisfied with their ability in running their daily affairs. Mean (SD) score of QOL among the participants was 81.37 (11.88), with a minimum and maximum of 52 and 105, respectively.  There was statistically significant relationship between age, place of residence, education and income with QOL (p<0.05).QOL
Conclusion: The results­­­ showed that QOL is low in patients with CVD in Iran. Therefore, further studies are needed on the above-mentioned factors in order to plan for improving the QOL in these patients.
Estimating Bed Requirements for Emergency Wards of Qazvin Teaching Hospitals by 2021: Dynamic Systems Modeling
Authors: Rafiei Sima , Mohebbifar Rafat , Kazemifar Amir Mohammad , Shakuna Mahshad
Published: December 2019

Background: The provision of manpower is one of the effective factors on the improvement in the coverage of health services and the realization of the highest community health level and a considerable part of the health budget is devoted to the production and update on human resources. Therefore, the current study aimed to estimate the number of nurses required in the Emergency Department (ED) of Imam Ali hospital based on the proposed method of the World Health Organization, in which the manpower is calculated based on the workload Workload Indicators of Staffing Need (WISN).
Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study. The study population was all the nurses working in the emergency department of Imam Ali hospital affiliated by Alborz University of Medical Sciences and their duties in the hospital which was performed using the proposed method of the World Health Organization i.e. WISN in 2018. Determination of their duties and the time and number of times for performing them were carried out during the group discussion session through Delphi method.
Results: Based on the research findings, 40 standard nurses were calculated. The studied hospital had 4 nursing staff shortages. The working pressure ratio is 0.91in this study.
Conclusion: In the current study, the nursing staff shortage is observed and this shortage caused a high working pressure on the nurses working in the study area. Considering the vital role of nurses in the emergency department, it is recommended to employ and distribute the manpower based on the requirement and workload in the department.
Estimating Required Number of Nurses in Emergency Department of Imam Ali Hospital Affiliated by Alborz Province Using WISN Method
Authors: Ghorbani Ali , Rajaee Roya , Jamaly Zahra , Najafi Morteza , Najafi Marziye
Published: December 2019

The provision of manpower is one of the effective factors on the improvement in the coverage of health services and the realization of the highest community health level and a considerable part of the health budget is devoted to the production and update on human resources. Therefore, the current study aimed to estimate the number of nurses required in the Emergency Department (ED) of Imam Ali hospital based on the proposed method of the World Health Organization, in which the manpower is calculated based on the workload Workload Indicators of Staffing Need (WISN).
Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study. The study population was all the nurses working in the emergency department of Imam Ali hospital affiliated by Alborz University of Medical Sciences and their duties in the hospital which was performed using the proposed method of the World Health Organization i.e. WISN in 2018. Determination of their duties and the time and number of times for performing them were carried out during the group discussion session.
Results: Based on the research findings, 40 standard nurses were calculated. The studied hospital had 4 nursing staff shortages. The working pressure ratio is 0.91in this study.
Conclusion: In the current study, the nursing staff shortage is observed and this shortage caused a high working pressure on the nurses working in the study area. Considering the vital role of nurses in the emergency department, it is recommended to employ and distribute the manpower based on the requirement and workload in the department
The Effect of Health System Evolution Program on Out-of-pocket Payment in Hospitals Affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Adel Amin , Biparva Akbar Javan , Ebrahimipour Hosein , Badiee Aval Shapour , Askarzadeh Elaheh
Published: December 2019

Background: Providing financial resources for health services is the responsibility of the government, insurers and direct payments of individuals. Considering that health services are one of the most essential people's needsand impose a high cost on individuals, and may create catastrophic health costs for poor people. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the effect of health system evolution (HSE) program on out-of-pocket (OOP) payment in hospitals affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was conducted in 24 hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences from 2013 to 2017 in order to survey the effect of HSE Program. The sample of this study included all patients with basic insurance referring to hospitals. Data were collected based on a researcher-made checklist for urban and rural patients. The statistical analysis software SPSS19 was used to analyze the data.
Results: According to the research findings, the total OOP payment percentage fell from about 20 % to 8 % at the end of the year. The percentage of the patient's spending on consumer use declined from 60 % to 6 %, for drugs from 30 % to 5.5 %, for services from 12 % to 4 %.
Conclusion: Increasing people's financial access to health care will improve the health of the community, which is expected to improve community health indicators by lowering their OOP payments. The continuation of OOP payments reduces the need for macroeconomic policies and sustainable budgets.
Functional polymorphism of the serotonin reuptake transporter SLC6A4 gene in various clinical variants of irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Pushkina A. V. , Avalueva A. B. , Bakulin I. G. , Topanova A. A. , Murzina A. A. , Sitkin S. I. , Lapinsky I. V. , Skazyvaeva E. V.
Published: December 2019

Rationale:Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a multifactorial disease, the genetic aspect of which is being actively studied.

Aim:To investigate functional polymorphism of the serotonin reuptake transporter (SERT)SLC6A4gene of various clinical variants of IBS.

Materials and methods:We performed a cross-sectional single center study in 79 Caucasian patients with IBS (according to the Rome criteria IV). The patients were divided into two groups: group 1, IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D, n = 45) and group 2, IBS with constipation (IBS-C, n = 34). The control group included 59 Caucasian patients with gastrointestinal disorders without IBS. Polymorphism5-HTTLPRof theSLC6A4gene was assessed in all subjects. In group 1 patients, blood serotonin levels were measured and psychological tests were performed, including Spielberger's State / Trait Anxiety Inventory, quality of life by SF36 and GSRS, Asthenia scale, VAS scores for pain intensity.

Results:Thirty-five of 45 (77.8%) patients with IBS-D carried the mutantSallele, which was significantly more frequent than in the IBS-C group (p = 0.002) and in the control group (p = 0.005). There were no statistically significant differences (p = 0.54) in the frequency of detection of the homozygousLLgenotype (normal allele) and the heteroand homozygous mutant alleles (SLandSS) genotype between the IBS-C and control patients. In the IBS-D group, a gender difference for the mutantSSallele of5-HTTLPRwas found, with significantly higher frequency in female patients (p = 0.0147). No significant gender differences in the genotype distribution between the patients with IBS-C and the control group were found. There were also no differences in blood serotonin levels in the IBS patients with various5-HTTLPRtypes (p = 0.086); they were all in the reference range. However, there was a trend towards lower serotonin levels in theLLgenotype carriers compared to those with theSS/SLpolymorphisms. The Gastroenterological inventoryGSRSdemonstrated significantly higher total score for the constipation syndrome in the patients with homozygousLL 5-HTTLPRpolymorphism, compared to that in the patients with theSS/SLgenotype (p = 0.013).

Conclusion:The results may be related to lower expression of theSLC6A4gene in the carriers of the mutant allele in the5-HTTLPRpromoter and subsequent decreased rate of serotonin uptake, with resulting stimulation of the gastrointestinal tract. TheSERTpolymorphism of theSLC6A4gene is worth further investigation as a potential candidate gene in the IBS pathophysiology.
PERTIMBANGAN HAKIM DALAM PENJATUHAN PIDANA KEPADA ANAK YANG MELAKUKAN TINDAK PIDANA NARKOTIKA (Studi Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Stabat No. 10/Pid.Sus Anak/2015/PN.Stb)
Authors: Ratomi Achmad , Khairunnisa Khairunnisa
Published: December 2019

Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis dasar hukum yang diterapkan oleh Majelis Hakim dan jenis pidana yang dijatuhkan oleh Majelis Hakim dalam Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Stabat No. 10/Pid.Sus Anak/2015/PN.Stb telah tepat. Dari penelitian tersebut diperoleh hasil di dalam dakwaan yang kedua Jaksa Penuntut Umum mendakwa dengan Pasal 114 ayat (2) UU Narkotika, sementara Majelis Hakim di dalam pertimbangannya menguraikan tentang unsur-unsur tindak pidana yang terdapat di dalam Pasal 112 ayat (1) UU Narkotika, yaitu dalam bentuk memiliki tanpa izin. Padahal di dalam amar putusannya Majelis Hakim menyatakan bahwa terdakwa terbukti secara sah dan meyakinkan menjadi perantara dalam jual beli. Dan terdapat ketidaksesuaian yaitu pada pertimbangnnya Majelis Hakim menilai bahwa pidana yang tepat untuk dijatuhkan adalah pidana pengawasan sebagaimana diatur di dalam Pasal 71 ayat (1) huruf b angka 3 dan Pasal  77 ayat (2) UU No. 11 Tahun 2012, sementara di dalam amar putusannya Majelis Hakim menjatuhkan pidana penjara dan denda. Penjatuhan pidana denda itu bertentangan dengan Pasal 71 ayat (3) UU No. 11 Tahun 2012.
Kata Kunci : Pertimbangan Hakim, Pidana Anak, Narkotika
Translation and Preliminary Validation of the Oncology Acuity Tool–French (for Switzerland)
Authors: DeCosterd Sandy , Brennan Caitlin W. , Bavaud Sylvie , Ballabeni Pierluigi , Eicher Manuela
Published: December 2019

Background and Purpose

Few tools exist to measure real-time patient demands for care and match them with the supply of available nurses. We translated the Oncology Acuity Tool into a French version (for Switzerland) and conducted preliminary validation.

Methods

The setting was two French-speaking Swiss hospitals. Methods included translation and harmonization by experts. Content validity was assessed among nine oncology nurses. Inter-rater reliability was evaluated based on case studies.

Results

Content validity results met or exceeded pre-set cut-points and inter-rater reliability results were moderate. Several indicators were changed, added or removed.

Conclusion

The Swiss tool may improve real-time estimates of patients' nursing care needs and assist with efficient resource allocation. Additional validation studies are recommended.
Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Elderly Hypertension Self-Care Index
Authors: Gholamnejad Hanieh , Kakhki Ali Darvishpoor , Ahmadi Fazlollah , Rohani Camelia
Published: December 2019

Purpose

This study was done to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Elderly Hypertension Self-Care Index.

Methods

This was an exploratory mixed method study. Items were developed through conducting a qualitative study with conventional content analysis approach and comprehensively reviewing the existing literature. Then, the developed index was assessed for face, content, and construct validity as well as reliability.

Results

Analyses identified four themes of self-care: intelligent acceptance, self-actualization in the pass of the disease, effective supporters, and destructive constraints. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that only 28 items were appropriate which were loaded on six factors, accounting for 45.035% of the total variance of hypertension self-care. Cronbach's alpha and test–retest intraclass correlation coefficients of the index were 0.80 and 0.96, respectively.

Conclusion

The Elderly Hypertension Self-Care Index showed that it is a valid and reliable index in the elderly health context; and can be used for self-care assessment among elderly people with hypertension.
The Minimal Eating Observation Form—Version II Revisited: Validity and Reliability
Authors: Westergren Albert
Published: December 2019

Background and purpose

The Minimal Eating Observation Form—Version II (MEOF-II) is a screening and research tool for eating difficulties. Here we assess the psychometric properties of the tool.

Methods

Cross-sectional MEOF-II data, n = 5,956 persons (nursing home residents [n = 3,087]; in-hospital patients [n = 1,490]; mean age 76.9; 61% women). Data was analyzed taking account of the dichotomous nature of item-level data, that is, based on tetrachoric correlations.

Results

The MEOF-II items (n = 9) belonged to one higher order unidimensional factor (61.7% explained variance, omega 0.92), and three lower level factors, with three items each (92.9% explained variance, omega 0.83–0.88): deglutition; ingestion; and energy/appetite.

Conclusion

The study provides support for the reliability and validity of the MEOF-II total scale and subscales, and the findings are in line with previous studies.
Development and Psychometric Testing of the Maternal Nipple Shield Satisfaction Scale
Authors: Black Kathleen Darrah , Chertok Ilana Azulay , Acker Colette M.
Published: December 2019

Background and Purpose

Nipple shield use is common among breastfeeding mothers, yet no instrument measures maternal satisfaction. The new Maternal Nipple Shield Satisfaction Scale (MNSSS) was evaluated for reliability and validity.

Methods

The MNSSS for was tested in two phases: women (N = 128) using nipple shields in the previous 6 months and the second, women, (N = 57) within the first 3 weeks postpartum.

Results

From the original 21-item scale, content validity analysis, Cronbach's alpha, item to total correlation testing, exploratory factor analysis resulted in a one factor scale consisting of nine items with a Cronbach's alpha of .90. Convergent validity testing resulted in a small, but significant negative correlation.

Conclusion

The MNSSS may be a useful instrument for examining satisfaction of women using nipple shields for breastfeeding.
Measuring Fatigue in Older Adults With Joint Pain: Reliability and Validity Testing of the PROMIS Fatigue Short Forms
Authors: Hackney Alisha J. , Klinedinst N. Jennifer , Resnick Barbara
Published: December 2019

Background and Purpose

Limited literature exists regarding the psychometric properties of the Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Fatigue Short Form 8a. This study compared the psychometric properties of the 8a to the established PROMIS Fatigue Short Form 7a.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study of 31 older adults with joint pain. Equivalent forms reliability and a Rasch analysis explored reliability (equivalent forms, internal consistency), validity (unidimensionality, item INFIT/OUTFIT), and additional psychometrics (item mapping).

Results

The measures were equivalent in measuring fatigue (r = 0.75, p < .001) with good internal consistency (α = .87−.92). Both were unidimensional. Even though the 8a had better fitting items, neither measure could differentiate low levels of fatigue.

Conclusion

The 8a has comparable psychometric properties to the 7a in this population. Future work is needed in larger, more diverse samples.
A Population-Based Study on Association Between Cesarean Section and Neonatal Mortality in Nigeria
Authors: Olukade Tawa , Yaya Sanni , Bishwajit Ghose , Uthman Olalekan A.
Published: December 2019

OBJECTIVE

To examine the association between cesarean section and neonatal mortality Nigeria.

METHOD

A retrospective analysis using Nigeria Demographic Health Survey 2013 national population-based cross-sectional survey. The national prevalence of cesarean section was calculated, and logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of neonatal mortality outcome following cesarean delivery.

RESULTS

The national cesarean section rate for the 2009–2013 period was 2.1% among 31,495 deliveries. The odds of having a neonatal death was twice as high in cesarean deliveries in comparison to noncesarean deliveries (aOR = 2.56, 95% CI 1.75 to 3.74).

CONCLUSION

Cesarean section increases the odds of neonatal mortality in Nigeria. There is a need to scale up the quality and timeliness of emergency obstetric services offered to pregnant women.
The Woman-Centeredness of Various Dutch Maternity Service Providers During Antenatal and Postnatal Care
Authors: Fontein-Kuipers Yvonne , van Beeck Elise , Kammeraat Liesbeth , Rutten Fleur
Published: December 2019

AIMS

To examine the woman-centeredness of maternity care providers from the woman's perspective. To investigate the validity and reliability of the Client Centered Care Questionnaire among a childbearing population.

DESIGN

A cross-sectional study.

METHODS

The self-report Client Centered Care Questionnaire was administered to evaluate women's one-on-one antenatal and postnatal care appointments with various Dutch care providers: community and hospital-based midwives, General Practitioners, (registrar) obstetricians, sonographers, and maternity care nurses.

RESULTS

Eight-hundred and fifteen completed questionnaires were received. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses provided support for a two-factor model, with an acceptable model fit. Woman-centeredness of all maternity care providers showed scores above baseline for the neutral value. Welch ANOVA showed a statistical significant effect of the type of maternity care practitioner in providing woman-centered care during antenatal and postnatal visits (F(5.8) = 7.79). The Bonferroni post hoc test showed that women assigned significantly higher woman-centered care scores to community-based midwives compared with hospital-based midwives (p .011) and compared with registrars/obstetricians (p < .001).

CONCLUSION

Although overall scores of perceived woman-centeredness indicated a good to excellent performance of woman-centered care, with significantly higher scores for community-based midwives, it cannot be assumed that current woman-centered care completely meets the needs of Dutch childbearing women. The Client Centered Care Questionnaire (CCCQ) is an adequate instrument to measure woman-centered care in antenatal and postnatal maternity services. Further research regarding measuring woman-centered care is needed.
Značaj proučavanja profesionalnog identiteta školskog pedagoga
Authors: Slijepčević Senka , Zuković Slađana
Published: December 2019

Proučavanje prirode i strukture profesionalnog identiteta postaje veoma aktuelno područje istraživanja u okviru različitih profesija društveno-humanističkog usmerenja, posebno kada je reč o tzv. pomagačkim profesijama, usled težnje ka njihovom unapređivanju, razvoju i afirmaciji. Okvir za razumevanje i proučavanje ovog fenomena jeste teorija socijalnog identiteta, prema kojoj profesionalni identitet predstavlja deo šireg socijalnog identiteta koji odgovara na pitanja o doprinosu i značaju koje profesionalno delovanje pojedinca ima u društvu, i sastavni je deo self koncepta pojedinca. U tom smislu, i profesija pedagoga, koja spada u pomagačke profesije, predstavlja veoma inspirativno polje za proučavanje konstrukta profesionalnog identiteta, pri čemu se naglašava da sastavne komponente koje čine ovaj konstrukt, kao i indikatori koji utiču na njegovo razvijanje, umnogome zavise od konteksta u kom pedagog obavlja svoju delatnost. Imajući u vidu specifičnost školskog konteksta, u ovom radu se ističe potreba proučavanja brojnih (kako ličnih, tako i kontekstualnih) faktora koji determinišu razvoj profesionalnog identiteta školskog pedagoga. Posebno se apostrofira značaj i potreba empirijskog istraživanja ove tematike, jer identifikovanje faktora koji doprinose razvoju jasno izraženog profesionalnog identiteta može predstavljati značajan resurs za unapređivanje profesionalnog delovanja pedagoga, a samim tim i za unaređivanje rada škole kao institucije.
O VZŤAHU MEDZI POJMAMI VPLYV A INTERTEXTUALITA V TEÓRII A V INTERPRETÁCII
Authors: Šimakova Spevakova Marina
Published: December 2019

V štúdii sa venujeme prehľadu vymedzených teoretických koncepcií, ktoré explikovali pojem vplyv vo vzťahu k pojmu intertextualita. V druhej časti štúdie analyzujeme podoby intertextuality v tvorbe Víťazoslava Hronca. Cieľom štúdie je na pozadí konkrétnych príkladov z literatúry vymedziť postoj k teoretickým východiskám.
FILOZOFIJA MUZIKE IZMEĐU OSEĆANJA I FORME
Authors: Popović Una
Published: December 2019

Rad je posvećen analizi filozofskog razmatranja muzike Suzan Langer. Predmet ispitivanja je način na koji se Langerova postavlja spram pitanja odnosa muzičke forme i osećanja. Interpretativni ključ predstavlja jezički okret unutar kog Langerova dela, te postavljanje problema u horizont razmatranja uslova mogućnosti izvođenja jedne filozofije muzike. Rezultat istraživanja pokazuje da Langerova prisvaja i preoblikuje tradicionalna određenja muzike u smeru određenja filozofije muzike.
ПОСЛОВНА КОМУНИКАЦИЈА И ПОЛИТИЧАРИ – НАСТУП У МЕДИЈИМА
Authors: Пралица Дејан
Published: December 2019

Циљ овог рада јесте да покаже како политичари иступају у медијима.  Седам издања телевизијске емисије Правi угао, на Првом програму Радио-телевизије Војводине, са осам гостију – политичара чини корпус истраживања о пословној комуникацији политичара приликом наступа у медијима. Параметри који се посматрају за оцену наступа су поштовање пословног бонтона (јасан и недвосмислен говор, персирање) и аспекти невербалне комуникације: говор тела (уопште), контакта очима, израза лица, положаја саговорника у простору, гестикулација и начина одевања. Анализа је показала да политичари до одређене мере контролишу своје појављивање у медијима, али да постоје специфичне ситуације у којима они несвесно реагују слањем непланиране, односно искрене поруке публици, коју би вероватно сакрили. За разлику од вербалне комуникације у којој можемо да користимо речи да сакријемо оно што стварно мислимо, сматра се да говор тела не може бити измишљен.
RESSIGNIFICAÇÃO DO CORPO: ENFRENTAMENTOS NO ÂMBITO DO DIREITO
Authors: Nascimento Tainah Motta , Ravasio Marcele Homrich
Published: December 2019

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a relação entre direito e sexualidade e de que forma o Estado através do direito exerce uma espécie de poder regulador do corpo e consequentemente da sexualidade. Dentro desse quadro conceitual, buscou-se diferenciar sexo, gênero e sexualidade, que assim como as demais esferas da identidade, possuem construções sociais, históricas e culturais. Posteriormente, foram estudadas as transformações sócio-históricas da sexualidade, que é um fenômeno anterior ao aparecimento do homem, estando longe de ser apenas um ato físico, de natureza imutável, que passou a ter um significado simbólico bastante complexo e que atualmente funciona como estrutura social e cultural em si mesma, situada dentro de um sistema de poder e reconhecida como uma dimensão humana, um elemento básico da individualidade que determina no indivíduo, um modo particular e individual de ser e por isso não pode ser passível de controle ou limitação.
O AMBIENTE DE TRABALHO COMO MÉTODO DE ENSINO DOS DIREITOS CULTURAIS: UM ESTUDO DE CASO EM UMA ORGANIZAÇÃO SOCIAL
Authors: Da Silva Filho Edson Alves , Tassigny Mônica Mota
Published: December 2019

Os métodos de ensino utilizados nas Instituições de Ensino Superior, mais precisamente nos Cursos de Direito, têm sido muito criticados, inclusive com a própria ausência de um debate na academia sobre como hoje o conhecimento é transmitido. Também quase não há nas grades curriculares dos Cursos de Direito qualquer menção aos Direitos Culturais, os quais ganharam grande importância após o advento da Constituição Federal de 1988, o que propicia o surgimento de uma geração de profissionais da área jurídica sem qualquer pensamento crítico e nenhum conhecimento dos Direitos Culturais. Neste artigo, será identificado que o ambiente de trabalho do profissional que trabalha em uma Organização Social se constitui como um eficaz método de aprendizagem jurídica, especialmente no estudo dos Direitos Culturais, contribuindo, assim, para apontar caminhos sobre os problemas enfrentados pelo ensino do Direito e estudo dos Direitos Culturais Quanto à abordagem, a pesquisa será descritiva, explicativa e qualitativa, mediante levantamento bibliográfico, documental e realização de pesquisa de campo com um estudo de caso.
É POSSÍVEL COMPATIBILIZAR ABOLICIONISMOS E FEMINISMOS NO ENFRENTAMENTO ÀS VIOLÊNCIAS COMETIDAS CONTRA AS MULHERES?
Authors: Souza Luanna Tomaz , Pires Thula Oliveira
Published: December 2019

O presente artigo tem como objetivo refletir acerca dos atravessamentos entre feminismos e abolicionismos no enfrentamento às violências cometidas contra as mulheres. Parte-se de uma metodologia feminista decolonial, utilizando-se pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Foram analisadas, além da legislação referente ao tema, artigos submetidos ao Dossiê Gênero e Sistema Punitivo da Revista Brasileira de Ciências Criminais e a eventos nacionais na mesma área. Ao final, propõe-se que a interlocução entre abolicionistas e feministas precisa ser conduzida pelas mulheres em situação de violência, para que seja capaz de produzir abolicionismos feministas antirracistas, anticapitalistas e anticoloniais no enfrentamento às diversas violências existentes em nossa sociedade.
SPARASSODONTA (METATHERIA) COPROLITES FROM THE EARLY-MID MIOCENE (SANTACRUCIAN AGE) OF PATAGONIA (ARGENTINA) WITH EVIDENCE OF EXPLOITATION BY COPROPHAGOUS INSECTS
Authors: TOMASSINI RODRIGO L. , MONTALVO CLAUDIA I. , BARGO M.SUSANA , VIZCAÍNO SERGIO F. , CUITIÑO JOSÉ I.
Published: December 2019

Coprolites are a useful tool to obtain information related to the life history of the producer, trophic interactions, biodiversity, paleoenvironments, and paleoclimate, among other issues. We analyze here a sample of 111 coprolites recovered from levels of the Santa Cruz Formation (lower–middle Miocene, Burdigalian–early Langhian), outcropping in different localities of the Santa Cruz Province, Patagonian Argentina. Based on size and shape, two morphotypes were identified: coprolites assigned to morphotype I vary from ovoid to subspherical in shape, while coprolites assigned to morphotype II are cylindrical in shape. Several coprolites have bone and teeth inclusions belonging to small mammals (i.e., Octodontoidea and/or Chinchilloidea rodents). Morphometry, composition, and taphonomy of the bone remains suggest that the coprolites were produced by carnivorous mammals. According to the features of the guild of carnivorous mammals from the Santa Cruz Formation, we interpret that hathliacynids and/or small borhyaenoids (Sparassodonta) are the most probable producers. Different traces recorded in the coprolites, such as borings and putative eggs, suggest that the feces were exploited by coprophagous insects, probably dung beetles, for different purposes such as feeding and possible oviposition.
PALEOENVIRONMENTAL AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHIC IMPLICATIONS OF ECHINODERM OSSICLES TRAPPED WITHIN BURMESE AMBER
Authors: SALAMON MARIUSZ A. , LIN JIH-PAI , DUDA PIOTR , GORZELAK PRZEMYSŁAW , AUSICH WILLIAM I. , OJI TATSUO
Published: December 2019

Marine organisms are uncommonly preserved in amber. Recently, they were reported to be associated with Burmese amber. However, most of specimens from previous reports were preserved on the amber surface or within the sediment surrounding the amber. Based on X-ray tomography and thin-section optical microscopy of Burmese amber, we report here the first genuine and unambiguous evidence of inclusion of crinoid ossicles preserved in the fossil resin. Preservation of this exclusively marine group in amber gives insights into the paleoenvironment of the crinoid-amber association and provides additional evidence to support previous observations of shallow-water stalked crinoids from the mid-Cretaceous, when many stalked crinoids started to shift offshore due to increased predation pressure during the Mesozoic Marine Revolution. Crinoid remains, represented by disarticulated stem and arm ossicles assignable to Isocrinus cf. legeri (Repelin), point to a mid-Cretaceous age for the Burmese amber and support some previous hypotheses suggesting a close proximity between the resin-producing trees and seawater.
Factors that influence the use of community assets by people with physical disabilities: results of participatory mapping in Envigado, Colombia.
Authors: Toro-Hernandez Maria Luisa , Villa-Torres Laura , Mondragón-Barrera Mónica Alejandra , Camelo-Castillo Wendy
Published: December 2019

Background: Disability is an evolving concept that results from the complex interaction between a person with an impairment and the context in which he/she lives. There is limited understanding on the types, access and use of community assets valuable for people with disabilities, and the role of contextual factors in Colombia. Our goal with this work was to identify the factors at the levels of the socio-ecological framework, and their interaction, that influence the use of community assets among people with physical disabilities and community stakeholders in Envigado, Colombia. Methods: Using participatory mapping, a community based participatory approach, we carried out an assessment of community assets identified by people with disabilities and rehabilitation professionals. In-depth interviews (n=32) informed the design of two participatory mapping activities, one among people with disabilities (n=5) and a second with rehabilitation professionals (n=4). Results were presented in a community forum to receive feedback on the findings. Results: Main findings indicate a chain of contextual factors that limit access and use of assets stemming from the personal (e.g. financial resources, inaccessible housing), interpersonal level (e.g. lack of a personal assistance or aid), and community levels (e.g. lack of accessible public transportation and inaccessible buildings). In most cases these barriers are heightened by system level barriers (e.g. lack of effective enforcement of the legal framework). Conclusions: Identifying these contextual factors, and their interactions, calls for stronger enforcement of the existing legal framework through articulated work between different stakeholders, so that people with disabilities can enjoy community assets.