bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
JOGO MANCALA DE GUINÉ BISSAU EM DIÁLOGO COM A ETNOMATEMÁTICA: um dos caminhos para decolonialidade do saber
Authors: Santos Eliane Costa , Caetano Samora
Published: November 2019

Este artigo descreve um recorte de uma pesquisa, na linha da Etnomatemática, em processo de execução, mas que já apresenta resultados parciais. Pretende-se discutir a necessidade de serem trabalhados na escola os conhecimentos dos países ditos “periféricos” no mundo, no intento de pensar, com a sala de aula, um dos caminhos afrocentrados para a decolonialidade do saber das culturas ditas “periféricas”, especialmente, dos africanos de Guiné- Bissau, como maneira de contribuir para descolonização do saber. Nesse sentido, trazemos um jogo de origem africana, especificamente de Guiné-Bissau, denominado de Mancala, apontando como ele pode ser trabalhado nas instituições escolares, com intuito de promover a intersecção da Matemática com as culturas não hegemônicas. Um dos objetivos é mostrar a importância de tais conhecimentos nessa perspectiva serem introduzidos no currículo escolar de forma a contribuir para com a decolonialidade, desconstruindo barreiras cientificas que rejeitam os saberes não eurocêntricos. Para realização deste trabalho tomamos como base D´Ambrosio (2001), para pensar episte-mologia etnomatemática; Powel e Bairral (2006), acerca da linguagem matemática; Quijano (2005) e Sousa Santos (2009), para pensar a decolonialidade do saber, e Santos (2018) para entender a etnomatemática e cultura africana. O jogo foi desenvolvido na disciplina de Etnomatemática na UNILAB (2017.2) e aplicado em turmas do Ensino Fundamental do município de Acarape e na formação de professores trazemos como um dos resultados do projeto, os depoimentos, tanto da professora quanto dos estudantes que apontaram a necessidade de estes fazeres e saberesa serem também abordados na sala de aula a fim de desconstruir ou reconstruir outros caminhos ou outras formas de pensar aMatemática escolar.Palavras-chave: Matemática Escolar. Etnomatemática. Decolonialidade. Epistemologia. Jogo Mancala.
APRENDE ESTOCÁSTICOS CON MATERIAL LÚDICO EN EL BACHILLERATO UNIVERSITARIO
Authors: Casales María del Socorro Rivera , Mojica José Marcos López
Published: November 2019

O objetivo deste estudo foi promover o desenvolvimento das idéias fundamentais de estocástica de acordo com Heitele (1975), através de atividades recreativas e aleatórias, em particular para beneficiar idéias prévias do acaso, como antecedente ao cálculo de probabilidades. Concebeu-se um curso em duas sessões para professores do nível secundário superior e superior, com atividades que favorecem o desenvolvimento do pensamento probabilístico; já que a probabilidade é importante na tomada de decisões na vida cotidiana, "mas também é importante reconhecer o „Azar‟ como uma possibilidade de tomar decisões baseadas em conceitos matemáticos para prever ou estimar a probabilidade de um evento" . Para a fundamentação teórica, o trabalho apresenta como suporte teórico três eixos importantes: Epistemológico, Cognitivo, Social. Segundo Ojeda (2003), é necessário fornecer ao indivíduo uma cultura matemática abrangente, o que leva ao tratamento de questões probabilísticas e estatísticas. Palavras-chave: Educação Matemática. Estatística. Pensamento probabilístico.
Estrutura Populacional e Morfometria do camarão branco Litopenaeus schmitti (Burkenroad, 1936) capturado pela pesca artesanal em Sergipe, Brasil.
Authors: FREIRE Matheus Cristóvão de Santana , FREIRE Kátia Meirelles Felizola , ROSA Leonardo Cruz da , BOMFIM Carolina Nunes Costa
Published: November 2019

O presente trabalho objetivou analisar a estrutura populacional do camarão branco Litopenaeus schmitti (Burkenroad, 1936) capturado pela pesca artesanal de arrasto em Sergipe e sua morfometria. O material biológico foi coletado mensalmente de janeiro/2015 a março/2016, exceto durante os defesos. De todos os indivíduos foram medidos o comprimento total (CT), o comprimento da carapaça (CC) e o peso total (PT), identificados o sexo e o estágio de maturação. Dos 191 indivíduos coletados, 81 foram machos e 110 fêmeas, resultando em uma proporção sexual de 0,7:1. O comprimento médio da carapaça para os machos foi 26,85±2,73 mm CC e para as fêmeas foi 29,97±5,28 mm CC. O peso médio foi 16,39±4,34 g e 20,55±9,51 g para machos e fêmeas, respectivamente. A relação entre o comprimento total e o comprimento da carapaça para machos e fêmeas foi CT=25,960+3,837CC e CT=33,199+3,502CC, respectivamente. A relação entre o peso total e o comprimento da carapaça foi PT=0,00303∙CC2,609 para machos e PT=0,00248∙CC2,642 para fêmeas. O maior exemplar amostrado foi uma fêmea com 52,50 mm CC, correspondendo ao maior indivíduo já registrado em Sergipe. Apenas 9,4% dos exemplares estavam imaturos. Essa é a primeira vez que a estrutura populacional dessa espécie é analisada diretamente na pesca de arrasto artesanal em Sergipe.Palavras-Chave: Pistola, tamanho máximo, análise morfométrica, peneídeo, relação peso-comprimento.
Nestor: A Tool for Natural Language Annotation of Short Texts
Authors: Sexton Rachael T.B. , Brundage Michael B.
Published: November 2019

Nestor is a software tool that annotates natural language CSV (comma-separated variable) files, with a UTF-8 (Unicode Transformation Format – 8-bit) encoding, using a process called tagging [1]. The objective of Nestor is to help analysts make their natural language data, which is often unstructured, filled with technical content, jargon, mispellings, and abbreviations, computable to improve analysis. An example of natural language data that could be input to Nestor and the subsequent output data and the corresponding output is shown in Table 1. The annotated datasets generated by Nestor (as either a CSV or .h5 file) can be used for different analysis techniques, such as failure prediction, problem hot spot identification, and maintenance technician expertise assessment, as shown in [2–10]. Currently, the majority of use cases involve maintenance in the engineering domain (manufacturing, mining, heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC)), however, any natural language CSV file with UTF-8 encoding can be input to Nestor.
Chaos Narrative and Experientiality in the Graphic Memoir
Authors: Gammelgaard Lasse Raaby
Published: November 2019

This article contributes to research on illness narratives. It revisits Arthur Frank’s notion of the chaos narrative and argues in favour of supplementing it with the concept of tellability, and with Monika Fludernik and David Herman’s postclassical narratological approaches to the definition of narrative that foreground experientiality and what it’s like. Furthermore, it is argued that tellability is recuperated at the discourse level in literary representations of the chaos narrative. Frank argues, that the chaos narrative cannot be represented, but in this article, the case is made that literature can mimick the chaos. It is suggested, to label this particular chaos narrative: The mediated chaos narrative. This is demonstrated in a reading of Danish cartoonist Thomas H. Nøhr’s graphic memoir entitled Cirkus, which chronicles his encounter with the Danish health care system after suffering from stress, depression and severe burnout. The graphic memoir can experiment with the affordances of its multimodality to support the focus on narrative experientiality and to draw attention to issues of social justice. To render the chaos of the experience, Nøhr examines how the affordances of graphic memoir enables one to experiment with narratological building blocks such as the distinction between the narrating I and the experiencing I and with Gérard Genette’s three categories of time: order, duration, and frequency.
‘Human First’: Teaching close reading and creative writing to medical students
Authors: Stewart-Ferrer Sif , Rasmussen Anders Juhl
Published: November 2019

The University of Southern Denmark has introduced a mandatory course in Narrative Medicine into the curriculum of undergraduate medical students. It is part of a trajectory called ‘Human First’, which aims to improve the students’ empathic abilities by teaching them narrative competencies to draw on in their future clinical encounters as medical doctors. Although, theoretical accounts seem to make a strong case for the utility and value of educational interventions, such as courses in narrative medicine or medical humanities, there has been a lack of empirical studies providing evidence to support such accounts – especially those focusing on the long-term effects and impact on patient care. Our systematic literature search and review of empirical studies regarding the effects of teaching close reading of fictional texts and creative writing to medical and health care students, tentatively confirmed previous indications of positive effects. Larger, multi-site and more rigorous studies that assess the long-term impacts of these educational interventions and adjust for local variations are, however, still in short supply. Finally, we present critical reflections on whether empathy and similar phenomena are at all measurable and discuss the possibility of meaningfully evaluating the utility of curricular interventions such as narrative medicine courses.
Why do we read illness stories?
Authors: Nesby Linda , Johansen May-Lill
Published: November 2019

Why do we read pathographies and why have they become so popular? These are the key questions in our paper. In answering these, we will introduce and discuss Rita Felski’s The Uses of Literature (2008) in connection to the American bestseller and Pulitzer prize finalist pathography When Breath Becomes Air (2016) by Paul Kalanithi.

We chose Kalanithi’s book because we consider it in many ways typical of the pathographical genre with its first-person narrator, the frequent expression of shock, its reflections on meaning of the illness and the focus on daily life. Rita Felski’s The uses of literature reflects by means of the four concepts knowledge, recognition, shock and enchantment upon what makes us want to read a certain book or genre. However, when working with Kalanithi´s novel we soon found that Felski´s four modes were not only meaning-making for enlightening the question on why we as readers turn to this book. We soon also found that recognition, enchantment, knowledge and shock were concepts that were relevant used in connection with Kalanithi´s own experience of becoming ill and being a patient. The concepts, therefore, seem most useful for reflections on both the reader’s response and the author drives of the pathography genre.
Cancer narratives on social media as ‘small stories’
Authors: Stage Carsten
Published: November 2019

Cancer narratives shared on social media platforms have received increased academic interest over the last decade but often without sufficiently acknowledging the media specific narrative affordances of these platforms. The article will address this problem, by first presenting a ‘small stories’ approach to studying illness narrative on social media and then putting the approach to work in a case study of a Danish cancer patient’s Instagram profile (@jannelivsnyder66). The paper argues, that the storytelling practices on the profile can be analytically approached by focusing on the interplay between three co-constitutive levels of interaction: 1) a level of the desired illness narrative and position that the narrator, influenced by available cultural discourses and interaction with followers, hopes to be able to tell; 2) a level of sharing everyday posts, which can either support or disturb the desired narrative; 3) a level of follower responses, where relations between the desired narrative and singular posts are monitored through processes of liking and commenting. Followers of social media cancer narratives should in light of this not be understood as an audience witnessing an individual telling his/her “own” story, but rather as crucial contributors to the social interaction and co-creation of desired narratives, subject positions, narrative progress and tellability. In conclusion, the article thus stresses that cancer storytelling on social media, despite the strong biological connection of the disease to an individual body, emerges through inherently social processes of reading, liking, commenting, monitoring and co-deciding narrative practices.
Monitoramento do NDVI da Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu em função das doses de nitrogênio com uso de câmera multiespectral
Authors: Aires Dias João Lucas , De Macedo Barros Izaías , Rodrigues Pereira Paulo Alexandre , Barboza Barros Pedro Matheus , Pereira da Silva Neto Sabino
Published: November 2019

Objetivou-se avaliar o índice vegetativo da diferença normalizada (NDVI) do dossel da Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu em função das doses de nitrogênio, com o uso de câmera multiespectral e sensor óptico ativo. Além disso, realizou-se estudo de correlação entre o NDVI, obtido pela câmera e o sensor óptico, e a características produtivas do capim Marandu. Os tratamentos foram compostos por cinco doses de nitrogênio (N) correspondentes a 0; 62,50; 125; 187;40; e 250 mg dm-3. Antes da semeadura, aplicou-se 2250 mg dm-3 de calcário dolomítico. Foram aplicados 200 mg dm-3 de fósforo (P2O5) no plantio e 300 mg dm-3 de potássio (K2O). As predicações das equações de regressão indicam que as respostas espectrais do dossel da planta forrageira foram influenciadas pela aplicação de N. Em todas as situações os valores de NDVI adquiridos pelo sensor óptico ativo se ajustaram a modelos matemáticos de regressão de segundo grau, e os da câmera multiespectral, apenas aos 42 dias de crescimento após a adubação, ajustaram-se ao modelo linear. Assim, a câmera digital convertida e o sensor óptico ativo detectaram mudanças na reflectância espectral do dossel da cultivar Marandu em reposta à adubação nitrogenada.
Life on a leaf
Authors: Tecon Robin
Published: November 2019

Microscopic water films allow bacteria to survive the seemingly dry surface of plant leaves.
TransPrise: a novel machine learning approach for eukaryotic promoter prediction
Authors: Pachganov Stepan , Murtazalieva Khalimat , Zarubin Aleksei , Sokolov Dmitry , Chartier Duane R. , Tatarinova Tatiana V.
Published: November 2019

As interest in genetic resequencing increases, so does the need for effective mathematical, computational, and statistical approaches. One of the difficult problems in genome annotation is determination of precise positions of transcription start sites. In this paper we present TransPrise—an efficient deep learning tool for prediction of positions of eukaryotic transcription start sites. Our pipeline consists of two parts: the binary classifier operates the first, and if a sequence is classified as TSS-containing the regression step follows, where the precise location of TSS is being identified. TransPrise offers significant improvement over existing promoter-prediction methods. To illustrate this, we compared predictions of TransPrise classification and regression models with the TSSPlant approach for the well annotated genome of Oryza sativa. Using a computer equipped with a graphics processing unit, the run time of TransPrise is 250 minutes on a genome of 374 Mb long. The Matthews correlation coefficient value for TransPrise is 0.79, more than two times larger than the 0.31 for TSSPlant classification models. This represents a high level of prediction accuracy. Additionally, the mean absolute error for the regression model is 29.19 nt, allowing for accurate prediction of TSS location. TransPrise was also tested in Homo sapiens, where mean absolute error of the regression model was 47.986 nt. We provide the full basis for the comparison and encourage users to freely access a set of our computational tools to facilitate and streamline their own analyses. The ready-to-use Docker image with all necessary packages, models, code as well as the source code of the TransPrise algorithm are available at (http://compubioverne.group/). The source code is ready to use and customizable to predict TSS in any eukaryotic organism.
Low Temperature Synthesis and Characterization of MFe12O19 (M=Sr, Ca) by Solvo-combustion and Ceramic Method Using Mathematical Analysis
Authors: Borkar A. B. , Borkar B. T. , Pande K. P. , Choubey S. R.
Published: November 2019

Hexagonal Magnetoplumbite Compound CaFe12O19 were synthesized by two methods  namely  Solvo  Combustion  and  Ceramic methods respectively. The compounds were studied by X-ray diffraction technique (XRD), Scanning electron Microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and Magnetic Studies. The XRD studies indicate the sample synthesized by Solvo Combustion Method CaFe12O19 doesnot crystallize purely in Magnetoplumbite structure. Its ‘d’ values and (hkl) are slightly different than when small amount of Strontium is added to calcium which crystallize in Hexagonal Structure with a = 5.80 Ǻ and c = 22.15 Ǻ since the ionic radius of Strontium  is  more than that of Calcium.  The SEM images by Solvo Combustion and Ceramic method nearly indicate the morphology of the samples to be Hexagonal structure. The EDS indicates the clear presence of element Ca, Sr, Fe and O in the Solvo combustion and ceramic method prepared sample.
Antidiarrhoea Activities of Aqueous Extract of Myrianthus arboreus Leaves in Albino Rats
Authors: Nwachoko N. , Essien E. B. , Ayalogu E. O.
Published: November 2019

Diarrhoea is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children under the age of 5 years. Due to this problem, the World Health Organization has encouraged studies that will bring about the desired treatment and prevention of diarrhoea. Myrianthus arboreus leaves (MA) is used in some tribes of Nigeria for food. In this study, the antidiarrhoea activities of the aqueous extract of Myrianthus arboreus leaves were investigated with experimental animals via feacal count, measurement gastrointestinal charcoal meal distance and electrolyte composition.  The extract (500, 1000 and 2000) mg/kg in comparison with loperamide hydrochloride, decreased the degree of gastrointestinal motility, production of diarrhoea stool, reduced the frequency of defecation and delayed the onset of diarrhoea in castor oil induced in albino rats. Also the extract inhibited the concentration of intestinal fluid electrolytes.
Ethnopharmacological Survey on the Consumption of the Association of Medicinal Plants-koutoukou in the City of Abidjan (Ivory Coast)
Authors: Ban O. V. A. , Djyh B. N. , Bahi C. , Kouakou G. Siransy , Adama Coulibaly
Published: November 2019

Aims: The purpose of this study is to identify the medicinal plants used in the bistros and to determine the preference between the consumption of Koutoukou alone or the Koutoukou mixture associated with medicinal plants in the city of Abidjan.

Place and Duration: Pharmacodynamic Biochemical Laboratory, Faculty of Biosciences, University Félix Houphouët-Boigny, between December 2017 and June 2018.

Methodology: The investigation took place in the neighborhoods of Abobo, Cocody, Koumassi and Yopougon. This is an open-ended questionnaire intended for consumers of Koutoukou alone and  association of medicinal Plants-Koutoukou. The identity, the region, the marital and professional status of the consumers on the one hand, the ethnobotany of the medicinal plants used and their associations with Koutoukou on the other hand were considered.

Results: This study identified 12 species of medicinal plants commonly used in bistros. 70% of the surveyed population prefer and consume more cocktails at the expense of simple koutoukou. The Garcinia kola-Koutoukou combination is the most significantly consumed cocktail (Number of treated illnesses greater than 10).

Conclusion: This descriptive study resulted in the identification of 12 medicinal plants commonly used in the bistros of 4 Commune of the city of Abidjan and consumed in association with Koutoukou. The populations of these municipalities (70%) greatly appreciate. The Most consumed is the association of Garcinia kola-Koutoukou  for his righ rate of healing.
Seasonal Pattern and Occurrence of Schistosoma haematobium Egg Excretion among Pregnant Women in Munyenge, South West Region, Cameroon
Authors: Wepnje Godlove Bunda , Anchang-Kimbi Judith Kuoh , Lehman Leopold Gustave , Kimbi Helen Kuokuo
Published: November 2019

Aim: The aim of this study was to describe temperature, precipitation pattern and the occurrence of maternal urogenital schistosomiasis (UGS) in Munyenge in 2017.

Study Design: It was a twelve-month cross-sectional study.

Study Site and Duration: The study was carried out in Munyenge from January to December 2017.

Materials and Methods: Volunteer pregnant women attending antenatal care clinic were enrolled consecutively on a monthly basis from January to December 2017. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain information on socio-demographic data and water contact behaviour. Urine samples were analysed for presence of microhaematuria and/or Schistosoma haematobium ova using filtration method. Monthly land surface temperature (LST) and precipitation were sourced from MODIS and CHIRPS satellite data respectively. Statistical analyses performed were analysis of variance, student t- test and correlation analysis. 

Results: The mean annual temperature was 27.18 ± 0.74°C. Monthly temperatures were fairly constant (range: 26.12 to 28.82°C). Precipitation varied greatly (range: 0.26 - 12.75 mm) with a mean of 6.58 ± 4.5mm. A marginal negative correlation (r = -0.586; P = .04) was observed between stream usage and precipitation where stream usage reduced with increase in precipitation. Generally, there was high dependence on the stream as source of water (60.9 - 90.6%) in the  study area. Dependency on the stream was associated (r = 0.603; P = .03) with domestic and bathing activities. The annual prevalence of maternal UGS was 24.1% (77/320) with a high occurrence during the rainy season (16.6%; 53/320) than the dry season (7.5%; 24/320) but the difference was not significant (χ2 = 2.26; P = .13).  There was no significant difference between months.

Conclusion: Our findings show no seasonal variation in the occurrence of maternal UGS in Munyenge. Transmission of infection may be perennial.
APRESENTAÇÃO
Authors: Rocha Franciane , Santos Gredson
Published: November 2019

Desde 1984, a Revista Estudos Linguísticos e Literários oferece ao público acadêmico, com regularidade em suas publicações em versões impressas e online, acesso a trabalhos de grande relevância no âmbito dos estudos linguísticos e literários, com o cuidado de ter sua indexação em plataformas específicas.

Temos, neste número especial, a satisfação de publicar alguns dos trabalhos apresentados no V CIDS – Congresso Internacional de Dialetologia e Sociolinguística, realizado em setembro de 2018 na Universidade Federal da Bahia. 
ANÁLISE SOCIOFONÉTICA DO PORTUGUÊS FALADO EM SÃO LUÍS/MA COM BASE EM DADOS AMPER | SOCIOPHONETIC ANALYSIS OF PORTUGUESE SPOKEN IN SÃO LUÍS / MA BASED ON AMPER DATA
Authors: Cardoso Brayna , Cruz Regina Célia Fernandes
Published: November 2019

Resumo: O artigo apresenta uma análise comparativa intradialetal do português falado em São Luís, com a finalidade de caracterizar o padrão entoacional da variedade, no que diz respeito as sentenças declarativas neutras e interrogativas totais. A teoria segue as concepções da Sociofonética (FELLONI, 2011), visto que empreende uma análise acústica da variação entoacional da variedade ludovicense com base nos dados AMPER-POR. Ao todo foram 1.836 dados analisados (51 sentenças x 2 modalidades x 3 melhores repetições x 6 locutores). A metodologia é composta das seguintes etapas: codificação das repetições; isolamento das repetições; segmentação automática dos sinais de áudio; extração das medidas acústicas das vogais e das médias dos parâmetros físicos controlados; seleção das 3 melhores repetições; normalização dos dados e produção de gráficos no R. Os resultados comprovam que, apenas a F0 atuou como fator determinante na discriminação da entoação modal, a duração e a intensidade atuaram mais com relação ao acento lexical, contudo, não foram fatores determinantes no que concerne à entoação modal.

Abstract: The article presents an intradialetal comparative analysis of the Portuguese spoken in São Luís, with the purpose of characterizing the intonational pattern of the variety, with respect to the neutral declarative and total interrogative sentences. The theory follows the conceptions of Sociophonetic (FELLONI, 2011), since it undertakes an acoustic analysis of the intonational variation of the ludovic variety based on AMPER-POR data. In total, 1.836 data were analyzed (51 sentences x 2 modalities x 3 best repeats x 6 speakers). The methodology is composed of the following steps: repetition coding; isolation of replicates; automatic segmentation of audio signals; extraction of the acoustic measures of the vowels and the means of the controlled physical parameters; selection of the 3 best replicates; normalization of the data and production of graphs in the R. The results show that only F0 acted as a determining factor in the discrimination of modal intonation, duration and intensity acted more in relation to the lexical accent, however, were not determinant factors with respect to modal intonation.

Keywords: Sociophonetic. Prosodic Analysis. Brazilian Portuguese. AMPER-POR project. São Luís. 

 
A VARIAÇÃO DO ITEM LEXICAL PONTE NAS NÃO-CAPITAIS DA REGIÃO NORDESTE DO PROJETO ATLAS LINGUÍSTICO DO BRASIL (ALiB) | THE VARIATION OF PONTE LEXICAL ITEM IN LINGUISTIC ATLAS LINGUISTIC OF BRAZIL (ALiB)’S NON-CAPITAL
Authors: Coimbra Diego , Razky Abdelhak
Published: November 2019

Resumo: Este estudo visou mapear a variação do item ponte nas não-capitais da região Nordeste do Atlas Linguístico do Brasil (ALiB). O estudo segue a orientação teórico-metodológica da Dialetologia Pluridimensional e Relacional (RADTKE; THUN, 1996), do método Geossociolinguístico (1996) e da Sociolinguística Quantitativa (GUY; ZILLER, 2007). No total, foram analisados dados de 64 municípios dos estados que compõem a rede de pontos do ALiB- Nordeste. Foram levantadas 11 variantes agrupadas do item ponte. Em cada localidade, foram entrevistados 4 informantes estratificados em faixa etária e sexo. Os resultados mostram que o fator diassexual e diageracional influíram apenas sobre as variantes ponte e pinguela, ao passo que o fator diatópico exerceu influência sobre as 11 variantes encontradas.

Abstract: This study aimed to map the variation of the ponte lexical item in the non-capitals of the Northeast region of the Brazilian Linguistic Atlas (ALiB). The study follows the theoretical- methodological orientation of the Pluridimensional and Relational Dialectology (RADTKE, THUN, 1996), Geossociolinguistic (1996) and Quantitative Sociolinguistics (GUY; ZILLER, 2007) methods. In overall, 64 cities of the states that compose the ALiB-Northeast points network were analyzed. 11 variants of ponte were collected. In each city, 4 informants were interviewed, who were stratified in age and sex. The results show that the diasexual and diagenerational factors influenced to ponte and pinguela variants only, while the diatopic factor influenced on the 11 variants found.

Keywords: Ponte. Lexical Variation. Geossociolinguistic. ALiB. 
RECONFIGURAÇÃO DA SOCIOLINGUÍSTICA VARIACIONISTA E REPERCUSSÕES PARA O ENSINO: QUESTÕES ESTILÍSTICAS E IDENTITÁRIAS | RECONFIGURATION OF VARIATIONIST SOCIOLINGUISTICS AND REPERCUSSIONS FOR TEACHING: STYLISTIC AND IDENTITY ISSUES
Authors: Görski Edair Maria , Valle Carla Regina Martins
Published: November 2019

Resumo: O objetivo deste texto é discutir questões estilísticas e identitárias associadas a indivíduos e/ou a grupos sociais ou regionais e que vão além de uma visão polarizada de prestígio/estigma, de padrão/não padrão ou de formal/informal. A discussão se dá no escopo da Sociolinguística Educacional, a partir de reflexões à luz de avanços na área da Sociolinguística Variacionista, considerando as três ondas delineadas por Eckert (2012), e de orientações constantes em documentos oficiais (PCN e BNCC) acerca do tratamento da variação. Enfatiza-se

a necessidade de reforço e ampliação da “bagagem” do professor, especialmente na formação de docentes nos cursos de Letras e de Pedagogia e sugerem-se algumas atividades de ensino, envolvendo aspectos estilísticos e construção de identidade.

Abstract: The aim of this text is to discuss stylistic and identity issues associated with individuals and/or social or regional groups, beyond a polarized vision of prestige/stigma, standard/non-standard or formal/informal register. The discussion takes place within the scope of Educational Sociolinguistics, based on reflections in light of advances in the area of Variationist Sociolinguistics, considering the three waves delineated by Eckert (2012), and guidelines in official documents (PCN and BNCC) about the treatment of variation. Emphasis is given to the need to reinforce and expand the teacher's "baggage", especially in the training of teachers in the Letras and Pedagogy courses and suggest some teaching activities, involving stylistic aspects and identity construction.

Keywords: Educational sociolinguistics; Stylistic variation; Identity. 
HARMONIA VOCÁLICA NA FALA DE BELÉM-PA: UMA ANÁLISE ACÚSTICA | VOWEL HARMONY IN THE SPEECH OF BELÉM-PA: AN ACOUSTICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Souza Gisele Braga , Barbosa Plínio Almeida
Published: November 2019

Resumo: O presente trabalho faz parte de um estudo que tem por intuito analisar acusticamente o fenômeno da harmonia vocálica na fala de Belém-PA. Para tal, investiga-se o grau de coarticulação vogal a vogal por meio da análise dos parâmetros acústicos F1, F2 e duração. O corpus analisado é constituído por amostras de fala de 6 falantes nativos da cidade de Belém, os quais foram submetidos a um protocolo de coleta de dados composto por palavras-alvo inseridas em frase veículo. De posse das gravações, os dados foram tratados e analisados estatisticamente. Os resultados preliminares mostram que, de modo geral, as vogais médias pretônicas tendem a abaixar diante de vogais baixas na tônica, o que pode caracterizar a ocorrência de harmonia vocálica.

Abstract: The present work is part of a study that aims to acoustically analyze the phenomenon of vowel harmony in the speech of Belém-PA. To do this, we investigate the degree of vowel-to-vowel coarticulation through the analysis of the acoustic parameters F1, F2 and duration. The analyzed corpus consists of speech samples of six speakers from the city of Belém, who were submitted to a data collection protocol composed of target words inserted in a carrier phrase. With the recordings in hand, the data were treated and analyzed statistically. Preliminary results show that, in general, the median pre-tonic vowels tend to lower with low vowels in the tonic, which may characterize the occurrence of vowel harmony.

Keywords: Acoustic analysis; Phonetics; Vowel harmony; Brazilian Portuguese. 
A PREPOSIÇÃO PARA SOB A ÓTICA SÓCIO-HISTÓRICA: ANÁLISE DO ITEM NA ESCRITA DE ALUNOS DO 9o ANO DE UMA ESCOLA RURBANA | THE PREPOSITION PARA UNDER THE SOCIO-HISTORICAL OPTICS: ANALYSIS OF THE ITEM IN THE WRITING OF STUDENTS OF THE 9TH GRADE OF A RURBAN ...
Authors: Gomes Isabel Dos Santos Magalhães , Sousa Valéria Viana , Silva Jorge Augusto Alves da
Published: November 2019

Resumo: Este artigo objetiva estudar, na escrita de alunos do 9o ano de uma escola rurbana, a variação do uso da preposição PARA e A em contextos de verbos de movimento, fato que averiguaremos com base na Sócio-História, cogitando a propensão desses itens à gramaticalização desde sua gênese, segundo destaca Said Ali (1966 [1921]), adotando a concepção de língua enquanto sistema heterogêneo e maleável, afeito à variação e mudança, conforme preconizado em Labov (2008 [1975]), Mollica (2017), Lucchesi (2015), Martelotta e Kenedy (2015).

Para tanto, partimos da sala de aula, locus propício à reflexão sobre a língua real, como propõe Bortoni-Ricardo (2004), tomando a Sociolinguística Laboviana para análise das ocorrências, cujos resultados parciais apontam a confirmação da concorrência entre PARA e A, mais condicionada por fatores linguísticos do que extralinguísticos.

 

Abstract: This article aims to study the variation of the use of the preposition PARA as opposed to A, in contexts of movement verbs in the writing of 9th grade students, in a rurban school, a fact that will be investigated based on Socio-History, considering the propensity of these items to grammaticalization since its genesis, according to Said Ali (1966 [1921]), adopting the concept of language as a heterogeneous and malleable system, subject to variation and change, as advocated in Labov (2008 [1975]), Mollica (2017), Lucchesi 2015), Martelotta and Kenedy (2015). For that, we start from the classroom, conducive locus to reflection on the real language, as proposed by Bortoni-Ricardo (2004), taking the Labovian Sociolinguistics to analyze the occurrences, whose partial results point to the confirmation of the competition between PARA and A, more conditioned by linguistic rather than extralinguistic factors.

Keywords: Socio-History; Sociolinguistics; Classroom; Preposition; Rurban
O USO DAS AFRICADAS [TCH] E [DJ] VERSUS FRICATIVAS [CH] E [J] NO FALAR DO QUILOMBO CAMPINA DE PEDRA EM POCONÉ- MT | THE USE OF AFRICADAS [TCH] AND [DJ] VERSUS FRICATIVAS [CH] AND [J] DO NOT TALK ABOUT THE QUILOMBO STONE CAMP IN POCONÉ-MT
Authors: Karim Jocineide Macedo , Karim Taisir Mahmudo
Published: November 2019

Resumo: Esta pesquisa concentra-se na área da Sociolinguística tem por objetivo investigar usos linguísticos, as realizações africadas [tch] e [dj] versus fricativas [ch] e [j] no falar da comunidade quilombola Campina de Pedra, localizada na área rural da cidade de Poconé-MT. Na análise utilizamos um corpus composto por entrevistas. Nos resultados constatamos usos linguísticos que identificam o falar das regiões de Mato Grosso fundadas no período do Brasil-Colônia. Os resultados mostram a manutenção de traços antigos da língua portuguesa trazida pelos colonizadores que aqui entraram em contato linguístico com o falar dos povos indígenas e africanos daquela época.

Abstract: This research focuses on the area of Sociolinguistics to investigate linguistic uses, the African [tch] and [dj] versus fricative [ch] and [j] achievements in speaking about the quilombola community Campina de Pedra, located in the rural area of the city of Poconé-MT. In the analysis we used a corpus composed of interviews. In the results we find linguistic uses that identify the speaking of the regions of Mato Grosso founded in the period of Brazil-Cologne. The results show the maintenance of old traits of the Portuguese language brought by the colonizers who came into linguistic contact here with the indigenous and African peoples of that time.

Keywords: Sociolinguistics; Linguistic uses; Quilombola Community. 
UM OLHAR SOCIOLINGUÍSTICO SOBRE O PORTUGUÊS MOÇAMBICANO: A CONCORDÂNCIA VERBAL DE TERCEIRA PESSOA DO PLURAL | A SOCIOLINGUISTIC LOOK AT MOZAMBICAN PORTUGUESE: THE THIRD PERSON PLURAL VERBAL AGREEMENT
Authors: Pissurno Karen Cristina da Silva , Vieira Silvia Rodrigues
Published: November 2019

Resumo: Estudo sociolinguístico sobre a concordância verbal de 3a pessoa no Português de Maputo, Moçambique. A partir dos pressupostos da Teoria da Variação e Mudança (WLH, 1968), o objetivo é constatar o estatuto da regra (LABOV, 2003) de marcação de plural na variedade moçambicana. Assim, observaram-se as restrições (extra)linguísticas que condicionam a concordância. Os resultados obtidos por meio do programa GOLDVARB X revelam o comportamento de uma regra semicategórica (96.8% de marcas), índice que deve ser compreendido após análise qualitativa, que aponta a existência de contextos efetivamente variáveis. No entanto, a particularidade da situação multilíngue de Moçambique localizaria a variedade em posição intermediária dentro de um continuum de padrões de concordância da Língua Portuguesa.

Abstract: Sociolinguistic study on verbal agreement of 3rd person in the Portuguese of Maputo, Mozambique. From the assumptions of the Theory of Variation and Change (WLH, 1968), the objective is to verify the status of the agreement rule (LABOV, 2003) in the Mozambican variety. Thus, the (extra)linguistic restrictions that constrain the rule were observed. Through the statistical treatment performed in GOLDVARB X, the results obtained reveal the behavior of a semicategorical rule (96.8% of marks), which must be understood after qualitative analysis, that indicates the existence of effectively variable contexts. However, the particularity of Mozambique's multilingual situation would establish an intermediary position for the variety within a continuum of the Portuguese agreement standards.

Keywords: Mozambican Portuguese; Sociolinguistics; Multilingualism; Verbal Agreement. 
ESTUDO SEMÂNTICO-LEXICAL DO FALAR EM COLÍDER-MT | SEMANTIC-LEXICAL STUDY OF SPEAKING IN COLÍDER-MT
Authors: Marques Maria José Basso
Published: November 2019

Resumo: Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar as dificuldades e abstenções das respostas dadas aos 14 campos semânticos do Questionário Semântico-Lexical, do Atlas Linguístico do Brasil. O estudo orientou-se pelos princípios da Dialetologia e da Sociolinguística. Utiliza como corpus os dados geolinguísticos documentados para o Atlas Semântico-Lexical de Colíder-MT. Os registros evidenciaram que as áreas semânticas com maior número de não-respostas foram àquelas relacionadas a área Terra como, Fenômenos Atmosféricos, Astros e Tempo e Atividades Agropastoris. Constatou-se, também, que os entrevistados mais velhos demonstraram maior conhecimento desse universo com um índice menor de abstenções quando comparados com a produtividade dos mais jovens.

Abstract: This article aims to present the difficulties and abstentions of the given answers to the 14 semantic fields of the Semantic-Lexical Questionnaire, from the Brazilian Linguistic Atlas. The study was guided by Dialectology, Sociolinguistics principles. It uses as corpus the documented geolinguistic data to Colíder-MT Semantic-Lexical Atlas. The records showed that the semantic areas with the greatest number of non-responses were those related to the Earth area, such as Atmospheric Phenomena, Astros and Time and Farming and Agricultural Activities. It was also observed that the older interviewees demonstrated greater knowledge of this universe with a lower rate of abstentions when compared to the youngest one’s productivity.

Keywords: Semantic-Lexical Study; Abstentions of answers; Colíder-MT. 
Historical study on the development of gated communities and its correlation with the barangay in the Philippines formed with European and American influences: Focused accounts of these community concepts from 16th century early settlements to 20th century postwar development
Authors: Lorenzo Clarissa Mozo , Ito Yasuyuki , Kaku Satoru , Mukaiguchi Takeshi , Ono Akihiko
Published: November 2019

This paper presents an introduction to gated communities in the Philippines and its correlation with another community concept: the barangay. In particular, we examine the historical context of the concept, with an overview of the physical, economic, political, and cultural characteristics of the Republic, to further understand the existing urban landscape. This paper begins with the definitions of the term “gated community,” and then presents notions of its origins, offering an explanation of the foundations on which the system was instituted in the country. This paper focuses on an aspect of architecture and cities that is foreign to some parts of the world but well‐established in others. Each nation in the world has its own deep history, with many societies having parallel beginnings. Existing in different continents and separated by vast seas, and then living through analogous occurrences and reaching identical philosophies, much can be deduced and discovered to assist in the progress of our own cultures.
Intrafraction 4D‐cone beam CT acquired during volumetric arc radiotherapy delivery: kV parameter optimization and 4D motion accuracy for lung stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) patients
Authors: Liang Jian , Lack Danielle , Zhou Jun , Liu Qiang , Grills Inga , Yan Di
Published: November 2019

Purpose

Elekta XVI 5.0 allows for four‐dimensional cone beam computed tomography (4D CBCT) image acquisition during treatment delivery to monitor intrafraction motion. These images can have poorer image quality due to undersampling of kV projections and treatment beam MV scatter effects. We determine if a universal intrafraction preset can be used for stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) lung patients and validate the accuracy of target motion characterized by XVI intrafraction 4D CBCT.

Methods

The most critical parameter within the intrafraction preset is the nominal AcquisitionInterval, which controls kV imaging acquisition frequency. An optimal value was determined by maximizing the kV frame number acquired up to 1000 frames, typical of pretreatment 4D CBCT. CIRS motion phantom intrafraction phase images for 16 SBRT beams were obtained. Mean target position, time‐weighted standard deviation, and amplitude for these images as well as target motion for three SBRT lung patients were compared to respective pretreatment 4D CBCTs. Evaluation of intrafraction 4D CBCT reconstruction revealed inclusion of MV only images acquired to remove MV scatter effects. A workaround to remove these images was developed.

Results

AcquisitionInterval of 0.1°/frame was optimal. The number of kV frames acquired was 567–1116 and showed strong linear correlation with beam monitor unit (MUs). Phantom target motion accuracy was excellent with average differences in target position, standard deviation and amplitude range of ≤0.5 mm. Target tracking for SBRT patients also showed good agreement. Evaluation of phase sorting wave forms showed that inclusion of MV only images significantly impacts intrafraction image reconstruction for patients and use of workaround is necessary.

Conclusions

A universal intrafraction imaging preset can be used safely for SBRT lung patients. The number of kV projections with MV delivery parameters varies; however images with fewer kV projections still provided accurate target position information. Impact of the reconstruction workaround was significant and is mandated for all 4D CBCT intrafraction imaging performed at our institution.
Iron homeostasis, complement, and coagulation cascade as CSF signature of cortical lesions in early multiple sclerosis
Authors: Magliozzi Roberta , Hametner Simon , Facchiano Francesco , Marastoni Damiano , Rossi Stefania , Castellaro Marco , Poli Alberto , Lattanzi Federico , Visconti Andrea , Nicholas Richard , Reynolds Richard , Monaco Salvatore , Lassmann Hans , Calabrese Massimiliano
Published: November 2019

Objective

Intrathecal inflammation, compartmentalized in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and in meningeal infiltrates, has fundamental role in inflammation, demyelination, and neuronal injury in cerebral cortex in multiple sclerosis (MS). Since the exact link between intrathecal inflammation and mechanisms of cortical pathology remains unknown, we aimed to investigate a detailed proteomic CSF profiling which is able to reflect cortical damage in early MS.

Methods

We combined new proteomic method, TRIDENT, CSF analysis, and advanced 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in 64 MS patients at the time of diagnosis and 26 controls with other neurological disorders. MS patients were stratified according to cortical lesion (CL) load.

Results

We identified 227 proteins differently expressed between the patients with high and low CL load. These were mainly related to complement and coagulation cascade as well as to iron homeostasis pathway (30 and 6% of all identified proteins, respectively). Accordingly, in the CSF of MS patients with high CL load at diagnosis, significantly higher levels of sCD163 (P < 0.0001), free hemoglobin (Hb) (P < 0.05), haptoglobin (P < 0.0001), and fibrinogen (P < 0.01) were detected. By contrast, CSF levels of sCD14 were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in MS patients with low CL load. Furthermore, CSF levels of sCD163 positively correlated (P < 0.01) with CSF levels of neurofilament, fibrinogen, and B cell‐related molecules, such as CXCL13, CXCL12, IL10, and BAFF.

Interpretation

Intrathecal dysregulation of iron homeostasis and coagulation pathway as well as B‐cell and monocyte activity are strictly correlated with cortical damage at early disease stages.
Effects of Neurodynamic Mobilizations on Pain Hypersensitivity in Patients With Hand Osteoarthritis Compared to Robotic Assisted Mobilization: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Pedersini Paolo , Valdes Kristin , Cantero-Tellez Raquel , Cleland Joshua A. , Bishop Mark D. , Villafañe Jorge H.
Published: November 2019

Objective

To evaluate the effectiveness of the neurodynamic mobilization techniques compared with passive robotic physiologic movement in patients with hand osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods

We conducted a randomized controlled trial. A total of 72 patients (mean ± SD age 71 ± 11 years) with dominant symptomatic hand OA were randomized in 2 groups, and both received 12 treatment sessions over 4 weeks. The experimental group received neurodynamic mobilization of the median, radial, and ulnar nerves, and the control group received robotic‐assisted passive movement treatment. Both groups also participated in a program of hand stability exercises. Outcome measures included pain intensity, pressure pain thresholds (PPTs), and strength measurements. Group‐by‐time effects were compared using mixed‐model analyses of variance.

Results

After the intervention, the experimental group had statistically significant, higher PPTs than the control group at the thumb carpometacarpal joint by 0.7 kg/cm2 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.6, 0.8), the median nerve by 0.7 kg/cm2 (95% CI 0.6, 0.7), and the radial nerve by 0.5 kg/cm2 (95% CI 0.3, 0.6); however, the difference was not statistically significant at 3 months postintervention. Although mean values in the experimental group were higher than in the control group at all PPT sites at both assessments, these differences were not statistically significant. The experimental group experienced a statistically significant reduction in pain immediately postintervention, but this was not present at the 3‐month follow‐up. There were no statistically significant differences in pinch or grip strength between groups.

Conclusion

We found that neurodynamic mobilizations decreased hypersensitivity in patients with hand OA immediately after the intervention; however, differences were no longer present at 3 months. The results suggest that these techniques may have some limited value in the short term but do not have lasting effects.