bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RORα inhibits proliferation and chemoresistance through AKR1A1-induced glucose and lipid reprogramming in gastric cancer
Authors: Wang Xiaoshan , Chen Mengding , Wu Yuwei , Chen Feixu , Shen Tong , Wang Zhengguang
Published: September 2024

Background Abnormal glycolysis and lipid synthesis play important roles in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer (GC).Moreover, dysregulation of circadian genes was associated with metabolic reprogramming in the tumor microenvironment. This study aimed to decipher the role of retinoic acid-related orphan receptor alpha (RORα) in glucose and lipid reprogramming of GC.
Methods The effects on GC growth in vitro and in vivo were studied using gain- and loss-of-function experiments. Glycolysis and lipid metabolism of GC cells were detected using seahorse assay and test kit. Moreover, regulatory mechanisms underlying RORα deletion were explored using half-life, Co-Immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), Chromatin immunoprecipitation (Chip), luciferase reporter and immunofluorescence co-localization assays in GC cells. In addition, the relationship of RORα with E47 and AKR1A1 was analyzed using clinicopathological retrospective analysis in two cohorts.
Results RORα deletion promoted proliferation and 5-FU chemoresistance by enhancing glycolytic activity and lipid synthesis. In contrast, SR1078, a RORα activator, reversed these phenomena and had a synergistic inhibitory effect on cell proliferation through combination with 2-deoxygulose glucose or atorvastatin. Mechanistically, RORα deletion promoted aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1 (AKR1A1)-induced glycolysis and lipid metabolism to enhance cell proliferation and 5-FU chemoresistance. In detail, the protein stability of the AKR1A1 transcription factor E47 is modulated by β-catenin through binding to form a transcription heterodimer. RORα deletion enhanced wnt3a and β-catenin expression and indirectly inhibited E47 protein stability, leading to attenuated AKR1A1 transcriptional activity. Moreover, AKR1A1 expression was associated with clinicopathological parameters, including age, tumor-node-metastasis stage and tumor grade; AKR1A1 was found to be an independent predictor of GC prognosis and was negatively correlated with RORα expression. Moreover, the disease-free survival time of GC patients with RORα-high/E47-low/AKR1A1-low expression patterns was optimal. Furthermore, RORα, E47 or AKR1A1 expression alone or in combination with each other was associated with response status, the standard uptake value and lipid synthesis.
Conclusions These findings revealed a novel mechanism by which RORα regulates glucose and lipid reprogramming and might be a promising target for GC treatment.
Rare Synovial Sarcoma in the Oral Pharynx: A Case Study and Literature Review
Authors: Qi YanGe , Li Rong , Hu LiNa , Yan Xia , Bai XueQi , Han JiaLi , Song JianBo
Published: September 2024

Background: Synovial sarcoma (SS) is a rare cancer that is less common in the head and neck area. Because of its low incidence in this anatomical area, early diagnosis is difficult, and optimal treatment strategies remain uncertain. Here, we present a case of SS in the oropharynx.
Case presentation: The patient, a 70-year-old male, was admitted to the hospital with intermittent pain in the left gingiva, head, and face, and experienced dysphagia. biopsy proved to be SS. The patient did not agree to the surgery because of the extent of the resection. Thus, combined treatment based on radiotherapy and chemotherapy was performed. Post-treatment evaluations revealed significant reductions in the size of the oral pharynx lesion and lymph nodes, achieving a therapeutic response assessed as partial remission (PR).
Conclusions: The intricate anatomical landscape of the head and neck region poses significant challenges for the surgical management of SS. Combined treatment based on radiotherapy and chemotherapy offers avenues to achieve tumor regression for synovial sarcoma where surgery is not available.
Application of high-frequency ventilation combined with closed-loop automatic oxygen control therapy in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Huang Shan-biao , Lin Jia-Jia , Lin Hong , Fu Zi-zhou , Lin Yun-feng
Published: September 2024

Objective In the realm of retrospective research, the researcher embarked on a comprehensive inquiry with the primary aim of assessing the effectiveness and safety of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) in conjunction with closed-loop oxygen control for the management of severe neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) in the pediatric population. The study population comprised 34 premature infants who had received a diagnosis of NRDS and were under the care of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) at Fujian Children's Hospital during the period spanning from April 2023 to January 2024. To facilitate a rigorous investigation, these participants were systematically stratified into two distinct cohorts, each adhering to specific treatment protocols.Method 17 premature infants who only received high-frequency ventilation as the control group and 17 premature infants who received high-frequency ventilation + closed-loop automatic oxygen control as the study group. The therapeutic effects and complications of the two groups were compared.Results The 2-hour “oxygen saturation of blood” and 4-hour “oxygen saturation of blood” in the control group were lower than those in the experimental group ( P < 0.05 ). The "PO2" of the control group after 1 day of treatment was higher than that of the experimental group ( P < 0.05 ).There was no statistically significant difference in the occurrence of VAP, pulmonary air leakage, pulmonary hemorrhage, grade III-IV intracranial hemorrhage, ROP, and BPD between the two groups ( P > 0.05 ). It is noteworthy that the number of hypoxic interventions in the control group was significantly higher than that in the experimental group, with a p-value less than 0.05.Conclusion The use of high-frequency ventilation + closed-loop automatic oxygen control in Premature infants with NRDS has a positive effect on reducing the occurrence of hypoxemia during treatment, which can significantly reduce the number of interventions when hypoxemia occurs. However, there is no significant difference in the occurrence of common long-term complications such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants.
Laser interstitial thermal therapy for hypothalamic-hamartoma-related epilepsy: the long-term cognitive outcome of the first pediatric case in Europe
Authors: Diab Eva , LEFRANC M , MOING Anne Gaelle LE , HERY Loic , BOUREL-PONCHEL Emilie , BERQUIN Patrick
Published: September 2024

Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is a minimally invasive surgical treatment for drug-resistant, focal epilepsies. With MRI guidance, LITT can also be used to treat hypothalamic hamartoma. Here, we report on the first European case of LITT for hypothalamic hamartoma. No complication occurred except a transitory peripheral facial paralysis. The short- and long term outcomes (for both epilepsy and cognitive development) were excellent.
Association between Preoperative Exercise Tolerance and Unplanned Readmission in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Onji Makoto , Nakai Asuka , Kakizoe Shinji , Naito Koichi , Kozono Shingo
Published: September 2024

Background
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between preoperative exercise tolerance and the likelihood of unplanned readmission in patients with pancreatic cancer. Despite advances in treatment, the incidence of postoperative complications following pancreatectomy remains high, leading to frequent hospital readmissions.
Methods
This retrospective analysis included 133 patients who underwent pancreatectomy between July 2019 and September 2022 and their preoperative exercise tolerance was assessed using the 6-min walk distance (6 MWD).
Results
The study found a 23.4% readmission rate within 1 year, with the median 6 MWD being significantly lower in readmitted patients than in those who were not readmitted (390.0 m versus 438.5 m; p < 0.01). A 6 MWD cut-off of 425 m was a strong predictor of readmission, with lower preoperative exercise tolerance associated with a higher risk of readmission.
Conclusions
Enhancing preoperative physical reserves through exercise therapy may reduce readmission rates and improve patient outcomes. Further research with larger sample sizes is required to confirm these findings.
Does timely surgery or not affect surgical outcomes in patients with severe spinal tuberculous kyphosis? An observational cohort study
Authors: Gao Yuan , Zhao Jianquan , Lai Bowen , Zhang Zhanrong , Jiang Heng , Zhou Xuhui
Published: September 2024

Background Spinal tuberculous kyphosis can cause paralysis, severely affecting patient's life. However, timing of the surgery has become a controversial issue. The aim of this study was to explore whether timely surgery would have an impact on surgical outcomes. Methods In this single-center, retrospective, observational cohort study, we collected clinical data of patients with severe spinal tuberculous kyphosis who underwent surgery from July 1st, 2015 to February 28th, 2019 at Shanghai Changzheng Hospital. We obtained patients' consultation, treatment, and follow-up data from the patient database of Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, and divided them into two groups according to whether they received surgery timely. We compared the data of the two groups using neurological function recovery as the primary outcome indicator and complication rates and deformity correction rates as the secondary outcome indicators. Results A total of 43 patients were included. 48.8% patients underwent surgery within 2 years and all patients underwent surgery within 7 years after the neurological symptoms onset. We grouped the patients who were treated surgically after 2 years as non-timely surgery group (Group A, Number of cases: 22) and the patients who were treated within 2 years as timely surgery group (Group B, Number of cases: 21). There was no statistically significant difference in correction rates between the two groups. There was a statistical difference in pulmonary complication rates (P = 0.037) and follow-up neurological function recovery rates (P = 0.021). Conclusion Considering neurological function recovery, deformity correction and complications, we support that patients with severe spinal tuberculous kyphosis should receive surgical treatment as soon as possible after the neurological symptoms onset and preferably within 2 years. This contributes to postoperative neurological recovery in patients as well as reducing the incidence of pulmonary complications.
A two-person collaborative conservative repositioning approach successfully reduced peritoneal dialysis catheter high migration: A case report and literature review
Authors: Yao Zhuangyan , Li Yanqing , Zhai Liping
Published: September 2024

Peritoneal dialysis catheter displacement is one of the most common complications in peritoneal dialysis patients, with serious consequences such as poor dialysate drainage, infection, and abdominal pain. Therefore, timely and effective treatment of catheter displacement is essential to maintain the patient's dialysis treatment. This case report describes catheter migration in an 80-year-old female peritoneal dialysis patient and details the successful reduction of the catheter by a two-person collaborative conservative reduction approach. Compared with other surgical and conservative reduction methods, this method not only reduces the physical and mental burden of elderly patients, but also has better results, significantly improves the success rate of reduction, and shortens the reduction time. In addition, this method effectively reduces the economic cost, is simple to operate, has high safety, and is easy to be accepted by patients. This case shows that this method has a significant effect in elderly patients and improves the quality of peritoneal dialysis, which is worthy of further promotion and application in clinical practice.
Adverse reactions associated with the use of ustekinumab in Crohn's disease treatment：an analysis based on the FAERS database
Authors: Guo Chiwei , Kang Qile , Lei Da , Mei Xuejiao , Wu Xingmei , Si Yifan , Wang Nongrong
Published: September 2024

Background: Approved in 2016 for Crohn’s disease(CD), ustekinumab’s adverse reaction signals(ADRs) remain largely unclear. This study aims to enhance clinical safety by identifying ADRs through mining the FAERS database.
Methods: We collected adverse drug event (ADE) data for ustekinumab used in the treatment of CD, reported in the FDA’s Adverse Event Reporting System from the fourth quarter of 2016 to 2023. For signal mining, we employed the Reported Odds Ratio (ROR), Proportional Reporting Ratio (PRR), Bayesian Belief Propagation Neural Network (BCPNN), and Empirical Bayesian Geometric Mean (EBGM). Additionally, we conducted a statistical classification of ADRs according to the System Organ Class (SOC).
Results: The timeframe was limited to Q4 2016 to Q4 2023. For CD, 17,187 ADRs were identified, resulting in 44,232 signals affecting 24 SOCs and 258 PTs. The most numerous reports were for injury, poisoning, and procedural complications. Infections and infestations had the highest ROR signals. Among PTs, congenital pulmonary airway malformation had the strongest ROR signal and the highest off-label use instances.
Conclusion: When administering ustekinumab for CD, in addition to monitoring common AEs like infections and tumors, vigilance is crucial for potential AEs involving the heart, hepatobiliary system, and emerging genetic diseases.
Association of CU/ZN Ratio With Protein Energy Wasting, Inflammation and Cardiovascular Disease Susceptibility of Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
Authors: Fikadu Henok Akalu , Juhar Leja Hamza , Assefa Eskedar Getachew
Published: September 2024

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) presents a significant global health challenge, with hemodialysis (HD) being the primary treatment option. HD patients are prone to complications such as protein-energy wasting (PEW), inflammation, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The imbalance in the ratio of copper (Cu) to zinc (Zn) has been implicated in the development and progression of these conditions. However, little is known about the association between the Cu/Zn ratio and these metabolic parameters in Ethiopian hemodialysis patients. This study aimed to evaluate the association of the Cu/Zn ratio with protein-energy wasting, inflammation, and CVD susceptibility in hemodialysis patients at St. Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted for three months, involving 42 hemodialysis patients and 20 healthy individuals as controls. Serum Cu and Zn levels were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS), and the Cu/Zn ratio was calculated. PEW was assessed through anthropometric measurements and biochemical markers. Inflammation levels were determined using C-reactive protein (CRP) while CVD risk factors were evaluated. The correlation between the Cu/Zn ratio and markers of PEW, inflammation, and CVD risk factors in hemodialysis patients was examined. The Statistical Package for Social Science (IBM SPSS version 20) was used for the data analysis. The study revealed that most hemodialysis patients (64.2%) exhibited an elevated Cu/Zn ratio compared to healthy controls. The Cu/Zn ratio showed a significant inverse correlation with serum albumin levels and triceps skinfold thickness and CRP indicating a relationship with PEW and Inflammation. Furthermore, a moderate positive correlation was observed between the Cu/Zn ratio and basal systolic blood pressure, a well-known CVD risk factor. Hemodialysis patients demonstrated an elevated Cu/Zn ratio, associated with PEW, inflammation, and increased cardiovascular disease risk factors. Monitoring and managing these imbalances are crucial for improving hemodialysis patients' health outcomes.
Application of Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy in the Protection of Color Cultural Relics
Authors: Yanhong Liu , Kangyu Yang , Tianhua Meng
Published: September 2024

The identification of appropriate pigments for the conservation of cultural murals and sculptures continues to pose a significant challenge. In this paper, terahertz time-domain spectroscopy was utilized to distinguish the common heritage pigments. The terahertz time domain spectra, frequency domain spectra, transmission spectra, absorption spectra and refractive index of six pigments(garcinia, lapis, lazuli, loess, calcite, laterite, mineral green)with very different colors were analyzed and studied in the range 0.2 to 1.5THz. Furthermore, in order to demonstrate the applicability of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy more comprehensively, the terahertz spectra of garcinia and orpiment as well as laterite and sinopis with very similar colors were investigated and compared respectively. The experimental results show that indicate distinct differences in the spectral characteristics for each pigment. Additionally, evident differences in spectral characteristics were observed for pigments with the same main ingredients. These results suggest that terahertz measurement techniques can provide an accurate reference for restoring color to cultural relics.
Impaired metabotropic glutamate type 5 receptor signaling in the dorsal striatum of the R451C-neuroligin 3 mouse model of Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Meringolo Maria , Montanari Martina , D'Antoni Simona , Martella Giuseppina , Atiallah Ilham El , Ponterio Giulia , Tassone Annalisa , Reverte Ingrid , Caprioli Daniele , Strimpakos Georgios , Pieroni Luisa , Catania Maria Vincenza , Bonsi Paola
Published: September 2024

Background Human genetics indicates enrichment of synaptic pathway-related mutations in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Accordingly, several preclinical studies have reported synaptic alterations in different brain areas of relevant ASD mouse models. In particular, we previously showed that corticostriatal long-term synaptic depression is impaired in the dorsal striatum of mice carrying the ASD-associated R451C mutation in the neuroligin3 gene.Methods We used behavioral, proteomic, biochemical, and electrophysiological approaches to explore the dorsal striatum-dependent functions in the R451C-neuroligin3 mouse model of ASD.Results A detailed behavioral analysis confirmed striatum-dependent alterations in these mice. We further explored the corticostriatal synaptic function, disclosing modifications of the glutamatergic postsynaptic density protein composition, which functionally result in the impairment of different forms of corticostriatal synaptic plasticity, namely activity-dependent long-term depression and potentiation, and group I metabotropic glutamate receptor-dependent synaptic depression. We also found reduced protein expression levels of type 5 metabotropic glutamate receptor at striatal synapses, which likely preclude the expression of long-term potentiation and depression by preventing the potentiation of NMDA receptor-mediated currents and a sufficient generation of endocannabinoids, respectively.Conclusions Overall, our findings point to a significant impairment of type 5 metabotropic glutamate receptor signaling, affecting the dorsal striatum function, which underlies specific autism-relevant behaviors in R451C-neuroligin3 mice.
Durable flame-retardant finishing of cotton fabric via constructing multiple crosslinked layers
Authors: Fan Zuwei , Xue Yihai , Liu Hao , Yu Yuanyuan , Liu Rangtong
Published: September 2024

To improve the flame-retardant performance of cotton fabric, multiple crosslinked layers were constructed on cotton fiber surfaces through polymerization of m-phenylenediamine (MPD)/tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphonium chloride (THPC) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC). The resulting morphology, general properties, flame retardancy, and durability were characterized and analyzed. Cotton fabric alternately finished with MPD-TMC and THPC-TMC displayed greater changes in surface morphology than that finished with single crosslinked products. The former material had the highest weight gain percentage and possessed significantly higher limiting oxygen index (LOI) value and weaker heat release, accompanied by formation of a more robust carbonaceous layer during micro combustion calorimetry. After alternating finishing with MPD-TMC and THPC-TMC, the cotton fabric exhibited increased flexural rigidity and decreased air permeability, with the change influenced by the number of finishing cycles. Increased finishing cycles also resulted in an increased LOI, up to 33.5% after five cycles. According to micro combustion calorimetry results, heat release was suppressed more effectively as long as the number of finishing cycles reached three, such that finishing with 3 cycles was optimal in this study. Moreover, a fabric with 3 cycles of alternating finishing almost kept its LOI value after washing in disturbed water for 24 h, exhibiting good durability for flame retardancy, which would be beneficial in real applications.
A novel variant of NEMF in a family with congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles: a case report and literature review
Authors: Peng Chuzhi , Zhang Ranran , Jia Hongyan , Chang Qinglin , Wang Dan , Jiao Yonghong
Published: September 2024

Background
Congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles (CFEOM) is one of the congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders (CCDDs) characterized by hypoplastic oculomotor nerves (CN3), congenital ptosis and non-progressive restrictive ophthalmoplegia. The NEMF gene encodes a protein that resolves stalled ribosomes during translation. Variants in NEMF have been associated with neurodevelopmental and neuromuscular disorders, including intellectual disability, developmental delay, central nervous system impairment and peripheral neuropathy.
Case presentation:
We describe a family with CFEOM harboring a novel variant of NEMF gene. CFEOM3 was diagnosed in two siblings, a 9 year old girl and a 6 year old boy. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) revealed that the siblings carried a novel heterozygous NEMF variant c.1972A > C, p. (Lys658Gln). This variant was predicted to lead to the loss of hydrogen bonds, potentially affecting the spatial structure and stability of the NEMF protein.
Conclusions
Our findings support that the NEMF variant may be the cause of CFEOM in our case. This report expands the phenotypic spectrum of NEMF-associated diseases and provides a new candidate gene for CFEOM.
Investigation of the Free-Radical Polymerization of Vinyl Monomers Using Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) Nanoflowers
Authors: Ozaydin Gulbahar , Mirioglu Muge , Dadi Seyma , Ocsoy Ismail , Gokturk Ersen
Published: September 2024

In this study, we report the production of flower-shaped HRP-Cu2+ hybrid nano biocatalyst from the complexation between horseradish peroxidase (HRP) enzyme and Cu2+ ions, and investigate catalytic activity and stability of the obtained nanoflowers on the polymerization of some vinyl monomers (styrene, methylmethacrylate, acrylamide and N-isopropylacrylamide). Polymerizations of these monomers, except water soluble acrylamide, were accomplished under emulsion conditions using cationic, anionic and non-ionic surfactants in the presence of H2O2 and 2,4-pentanedione mediator. Optimum polymerizations were achieved under the conditions of non-ionic surfactant (tween 40) used. HRP-Cu2+ mediated polymerizations resulted in very high yields and molecular weights (Mn) of the polymers. Optimum polymerization of styrene with 84% of yield (Mn= 319 kDa) was accomplished at room temperature. However, the highest polymerization yields for acrylamide (96%, Mn= 171 kDa) and N-isopropylacrylamide (85%, Mn= 185 kDa) was achieved at 70 ºC. Similarly, optimum polymerization of methylmethacrylate was accomplished with 84% of yield (Mn= 190 kDa) at 60 ºC. While free-HRP loses its catalytic activity at 60 ºC and above temperatures, HRP-Cu2+ showed very high catalytic activity and stability even at 70 ºC. Increasing activity and stability of hybrid nanoflowers provide significant advantages for both scientific and industrial applications.
How do original actions performed by an attacker modify defensive dispersion in small-sided soccer games?
Authors: Borges Paulo Henrique , Ueda Lucas Shoiti Carvalho , de Souza Paulo Vitor , Binda Maria Eduarda Valente , Silva Juliano Fernandes da , Ribeiro João , Guilherme José
Published: September 2024

In complex systems, the system’s self-regulation processes can transition between states of equilibrium and disequilibrium, leading to changes in the distribution of players within the playing space. Actions that are surprising, rare, or out of the ordinary tend to be valued for their potential to destabilize the opposing defensive structure, altering player dispersion, and creating fragile spaces for the attack. With advancements in understanding the influence of the environment on players' affordances, the tactical consequences from individuals' solutions to various scenarios and their impact on the game context becomes a rich area for investigation. This study compared defensive dispersion in the moments preceding and following original actions in small-sided games. The original actions were obtained using the Creative Behavior Assessment in Team Sports (CBATS) observational matrix. At the same time, defensive dispersion was derived from positional data collected via GPS and processed using dedicated routines in MATLAB to obtain variables such as Stretch Index, Surface Area, Team Width, Team Length, and Individual Player Area. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was employed for normality, and the General Linear Model with Repeated Measures was used to compare pre-and post-action moments across different action classifications (pass and shot) and game configurations (SSG4v4-Small, SSG4v4-Large, SSG5v5-Small, and SSG5v5-Large). Differences were found in the Stretch Index, Surface Area, and Team Width variables in SSG4v4-Small and Surface Area in SSG5v5-Small (p < 0.05). It was concluded that the original action could attract opponents in small formats of SSG, increasing the contraction of the opposing team and reducing space around the action, with the potential to create new spaces in other areas of the field.
Assessing the landscape of clinical trials involving bioprinting: a scoping review
Authors: Briones Yumi , Pascua Beatrice , Tiangco Narra , Crisostomo Isabel , Casiguran Samantha , Remenyi Roland
Published: September 2024

Objective:
Bioprinting is a tissue engineering technique that is rapidly evolving to include complex clinical applications. However, there is limited evidence describing how far bioprinting has progressed past the pre-clinical stage. Thus, we conducted a scoping review to assess the landscape of clinical trials involving bioprinting by charting trends in general characteristics, bioprinting application, and trial design.
Methods:
The term "bioprint" and its variants were searched in five trial databases (ICTRP, ScanMedicine, CENTRAL, NIHCC, HCCTD) and two registries (ClinicalTrials.gov, PHRR) on 22 February 2024. This was followed by duplicate removal and dual independent review to finalize the inclusion list. We included trials published in or translated to English mentioning "bioprint" in their design, while we excluded those that did not adhere to our definition of bioprinting. Finally, data were charted and synthesized narratively.
Results:
Of 36 total search records, 11 trials met inclusion criteria. Registration dates ranged from 2016 to 2023, with China conducting the most trials globally. Only one trial had published results while the majority were still in progress. Seven trials aimed to bioprint in vitro models with autologous cells to study patient-specific conditions such as cancer. The remaining four trials aimed to implant bioprinted tissues, also with autologous cells, including blood vessels, trachea, external ear, and wound dressings.
Conclusion:
Bioprinting is still in the early stages of clinical research, with a focus on producing patient-specific tissues for cancer precision medicine and regenerative purposes. More standardized reporting of bioprinting-related information is needed to improve communication between researchers. As the body of evidence grows, our review may be used as a framework to monitor the clinical translation of bioprinting over the years.
PROZ and ARNT genes novel homozygous mutations are related to Recurrent pregnancy loss
Authors: Komachali Sajad Rafiee , Salehi Mansoor , Tamandani Dor Mohammad Kordi
Published: September 2024

Background
Recurrent miscarriage or Recurrent pregnancy loss is a complex situation, defined by two, three or more pregnancy losses. Expression of PROZ and ARNT genes are vital in normal pregnancy and their partial or complete deficiencies will result in early pregnancy loss and also recurrent pregnancy losses. Present study aims to find PROZ and ARNT novel mutations as causes of Recurrent miscarriage; and involves two couples that they had a consanguineous marriage and referred with 3 Recurring miscarriages. To find out the cause, pathological tests were requested for fetus and high resolution giemsa banding karyotypes were requested for couple. Also product of abortion sampling was done for array CGH and whole-exome sequencing in order to mutation analysis. It is notable that sanger sequencing was done for confirming the mutation.
Results
Based on the results, our first proband has novel likely pathogenic homozygous mutation NM_003891:c.349T > C (p.Y117H) in PROZ gene locates on 13q34 as a novel mutation of the PROZ gene, and our second proband has novel likely pathogenic homozygous mutation NM_001286035:exon16:c.1353-2A > G in ARNT gene, locates on 1q21.3. Sanger sequencing confirmed homozygosity of these two mutations in the probands and heterozygosity of these loci in their parents, suggesting it as the likely pathogen mutations, and autosomal recessive inheritance pattern in Recurrent miscarriage.
Conclusion
Novel likely pathogenic homozygous mutation NM_003891:c.349T > C (p.Y117H) in PROZ gene, and novel likely pathogenic homozygous mutation in ARNT gene are related to Recurrent miscarriage.
Novel Furan-2(3H)-one derivatives as promising anticancer agents against liver and breast cancers cell lines: Green Synthesis, Spectroscopic analysis, in Vitro Antiproliferative Activity, and DFT study
Authors: Azmy Eman M. , Mohamed Eslam A. , Altalhi Amal A. , Nassar Ibrahim F. , Rizk Sameh A. , Awad Hanem M. , Lashin Walaa H.
Published: September 2024

Some new biologically active heterocyclic compounds were synthesized upon green reaction of (Z)-3-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-ylmethylene)-5-phenylfuran-2(3H)-one (L)with different electrophilic and nucleophile reagents under ultrasonic irradiation. The electronic structure of synthesized prepared materials was elucidated using FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, and melting point. The new compounds were examined for invitro ant proliferative action towards HepG-2, HCT116, MCF-7, and the normal human skin fibroblasts (BJ-1) cell lines. The results showed that: five investigated compounds could be considered as good selective ant proliferative candidate drugs for only human liver cancer as their effects on this cancer type are much more toxic compared to their toxicity on the human healthy cells. DFT Study of the new compounds showed that pyrrolone derivatives L3, L4, LN, and azapyrrolone L5 (pyrimidinone) have the maximum electron transfer for inhibition for cancer cells.
Experiences and ethical issues during shared decision-making in healthcare at rural health facilities in Uganda: An exploratory qualitative study
Authors: Owino Ranga Solomon , Sewankambo Nelson K. , Kituuka Olivia , Kutyabami Paul
Published: September 2024

Background: Shared decision-making in healthcare is a collaborative process where patients are supported to make informed decisions according to their preferences. Healthcare decisions affect patients' lives which necessitates patients to participate in decisions concerning their health. This study explored experiences and ethical issues related to shared decision-making in a rural healthcare setting.
Methods: An exploratory qualitative study was conducted at Budumba Health Centre III and Butaleja Health Centre III in rural Eastern Uganda. In this study, 23 in-depth interviews were conducted among 12 healthcare providers and 11 patients. Data was analyzed thematically using NVivo-12 plus software.
Results: Four themes emerged which included: experiences, challenges, strategies for improvement, and ethical issues. Patients at both facilities expressed the need to be involved in decision-making processes. However, many stressed that they are not engaged in decision-making about their health. Many healthcare providers noted that shared decision-making could improve patient prognosis but are faced with challenges related to low male involvement and the influence of cultural and religious practices, including myths and patriarchal attitudes which impact effective patient engagement.
Ethical issues included concerns about informed consent, privacy and confidentiality, deception, and harm. This study highlighted the need for better sensitization of patients and comprehensive training for HCPs to minimize and resolve ethical issues that emerge during shared decision-making processes.
Conclusions: There is a need for targeted interventions to enhance decision-making processes in rural healthcare including but not limited to developing shared decision-making manual and continuous training of healthcare providers to ethically engage patients. Further research is needed to explore larger facilities with a bigger scope including patients under 18 years of age and and their surrogates.
New Norms or Old Habits: Evaluating Interlinked Trajectories of Online Shopping and Work Commute Post-Pandemic
Authors: Sharda Shivam , Alonso Patrick , Garikapati Venu , Laguarda Isabel , Goulias Konstadinos , Viz Nicole
Published: September 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly shifted travel behaviors, with major changes observed in online shopping and travel to work. Despite considerable research into pandemic-induced changes in travel behavior, it remains uncertain whether these new patterns have persisted or reverted to pre-pandemic norms. This study addresses this uncertainty by evaluating whether shifts in online shopping and work travel during the pandemic have become permanently ingrained in individuals’ daily routine. Leveraging data from the 2022 National Household Travel Survey, a bivariate ordered probit model is employed to analyze changes in online shopping and work travel—whether they have increased, decreased, or remained stable compared to pre-pandemic levels across different population segments. The analysis finds that the pandemic did not significantly alter online shopping for home delivery and travel to work for the majority of society. However, a substantial portion of respondents reported increased online shopping for home delivery and reduced travel to work compared to pre-pandemic levels, with online shopping trends appearing more permanent. Segment-wise analysis and model results indicate heterogeneity in behavioral shifts with females engaging more in online shopping, while zero-vehicle households are traveling less to work, compared to pre-pandemic levels. Additionally, increase in online shopping frequency is significantly and negatively correlated with decrease in traveling to work. These findings highlight the need for improved digital infrastructure, flexible work policies, and integrated transportation solutions tailored to evolving demographic and socioeconomic needs in the post-pandemic era. Additionally, the study calls for integrating passenger and freight movement in a single framework rather than treating them in silos.
Comparing IRI-2020 modeled hmF2 and ionosonde measured hmF2 variabilities during the geomagnetically disturbed period of solar cycle 24 over Grahamstown, in South Africa
Authors: Sylivanus Robert , SULUNGU Emmanuel
Published: September 2024

The ionosphere's electron density, particularly the height of the F2 layer's peak electron density (hmF2), is critical for radio wave propagation and satellite communication. Accurate prediction of hmF2 is crucial, especially during geomagnetic disturbances, which can significantly affect ionospheric behavior. This study compared hmF2 values predicted by the ionospheric IRI model with real measurements from ionosondes during geomagnetic storms. We assessed discrepancies between modeled and observed hmF2 values across three distinct geomagnetic storm events, 22–25 October 2009, 26–29 August 2014, and 18–22 February 2014. We categorized geomagnetic disturbances using the Ap and Dst indices. Results indicated that while both SHU-2015 and AMTB-2013 models show varying degrees of accuracy, the SHU-2015 model generally outperforms AMTB-2013 in predicting hmF2, with lower root mean square errors and percentage deviations. The study highlights the need for ongoing model refinement and improved real-time data integration to enhance predictive accuracy during geomagnetic disturbances.
Asymmetric Multi-component Trifunctionalization Reactions with α-Halo Rh-Carbenes
Authors: Qian Yu , Yang Xiaoyan , Zhou Xiaoyu , Hu Wenhao
Published: September 2024

Multi-component multi-functionalization reactions involving active intermediates are powerful tools for rapidly generating a wide array of compounds. Metal carbynoids, with their distinct reactivity, hold great promise for developing new synthetic methodologies. However, their application in catalytic transfer reactions has been hindered by the limited availability of suitable precursors. In this study, we investigate the catalytic potential of α-halo Rh-carbenes, leveraging the concept of metal carbynoids in multi-functionalization reactions. Through a chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed asymmetric trifunctionalization, we have developed an innovative method for synthesizing a variety of chiral α-cyclic ketal β-amino esters with high yields and excellent enantioselectivity. Our extensive experimental and computational studies reveal that α-halo Rh-carbenes exhibit carbynoid properties, which facilitate the transformation into functionalized Fischer-type Rh-carbenes through the decomposition of the C-halo bond.
Identification of Volatile Compounds in Moringa Pods (Moringa oleifera) During Cooking Using HS-SPME Coupled with GC-MS
Authors: Balasubramanian Rajagopal , Seenivasan Prasanna , Renukadevi Perumal , AU Thangavelu
Published: September 2024

Moringa (Moringa oleifera) is renowned for its therapeutic properties, with the chemical constituents of various plant parts well-documented. However, no study has previously explored the volatile compounds responsible for the characteristic aroma released during cooking of moringa pods, which is commonly practiced in South Indian cuisine “Sambhar.”This study aimed to investigate these volatile compounds using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Moringa fruits (variety PKM-1) were harvested during their peak season and prepared using a traditional cooking method to release the aroma volatiles. These volatile compounds were analysed from both the headspace and the boiled water extract. The results revealed the predominant presence of nizatidine (CAS No.: 76963-41-2), an H2-receptor antagonist commonly used to treat ulcers, in the volatile headspace and in the boiled water extract. This discovery suggests that moringa pods might offer gastrointestinal therapeutic benefits, potentially due to the bioavailability of Nizatidine when consumed as part of regular meals. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the volatile compounds in moringa pods and proposes further investigation into their therapeutic potential.
Kicking it off(-shell) with direct diffusion
Authors: Butter Anja , Jezo Tomas , Klasen Michael , Kuschick Mathias , Palacios Schweitzer Sofia , Plehn Tilman
Published: September 2024

Off-shell effects in large LHC backgrounds are crucial for precision predictions and, at the same time, challenging to simulate. We present a novel method to transform high-dimensional distributions based on a diffusion neural network and use it to generate a process with off-shell kinematics from the much simpler on-shell one. Applied to a toy example of top pair production at LO we show how our method generates off-shell configurations fast and precisely, while reproducing even challenging on-shell features.
Role of law enforcement, governance, and digital transformation in risk control and management at Vietnamese commercial banks
Authors: Cao Dinh Lanh , Phan Thanh Hai
Published: September 2024

Risk control and management are essential tasks necessary to ensure the safe and sustainable development of commercial banks, especially in today’s digital business environment. This study aims to identify the factors and their impact on risk control and management through intermediary variables, including law enforcement, corporate governance, and digital transformation, using the partial least square – structural equation modeling. Data for the study were collected through interviews assessing the perceptions of 765 managers in 35 Vietnamese commercial banks. The results indicate that factors directly affecting law enforcement include digital transformation, awareness of risks related to new technologies, training in law and technological knowledge, employee capabilities, monitoring and inspection procedures, size and complexity of bank operations, and corporate governance. However, only law enforcement and corporate governance have an indirect intermediary impact on risk control and management (digital transformation did not show a statistically significant impact). These findings highlight that, according to managerial perceptions in commercial banks, current digital transformations have not significantly influenced risk control and management, emphasizing the need for further enhancement in this area moving forward. This study makes a positive contribution to the development of models and measurement systems, laying the foundation for similar experimental research in the field of commercial banking in various countries in the future.
AcknowledgmentThis study is the result of collaboration between a group of scientists from the Faculty of Law – Hue University and Duy Tan University. The authors would like to acknowledge the support and facilitation provided by both institutions for the publication of this research. Furthermore, this work is conducted within the framework of project code B2023-ĐHH-03 under decision No. 2036/QĐ-BGDĐT dated July 22, 2022.
Allergic contact dermatitis in the beauty industry
Authors: Kovaleva Ju. S. , Orobei M. V. , Zyablitskaya N. K. , Goltsov R. E.
Published: September 2024

Allergic contact dermatitis in the beauty industry is a common and growing problem in dermatology, due to both the annual increase in the popularity of existing beauty services and the emergence of new fashion trends. Cosmetic products in hairdressing, manicure, permanent makeup, eyelash extensions, tattooing and piercing contain a number of potent haptens, sensitization to which results in a classic delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction. The development of contact allergic reactions is important not only for consumers of these services, but also for hairdressers and beauty salon technicians themselves. Thus, hairdressers take first place in the incidence statistics of occupational contact dermatitis associated with allergens and haptens in hair dyes, products for bleaching, curling or straightening hair. In 65% of cases, allergic contact dermatitis to acrylates develops among manicurists within the first years of work. The basis of treatment for allergic contact dermatitis is external therapy using topical glucocorticosteroids. The article contains Russian and foreign literature data about the most common allergens in products used in hairdressing, permanent tattooing, eyelash extensions, manicure and piercing, on the prevalence and characteristics of allergic contact dermatitis in these areas of the beauty industry and our own clinical observations of the effectiveness of treatment of allergic contact dermatitis using Comfoderm K cream (methylprednisolone aceponate with ceramides in the base).
Comparative analysis of selected gene expression profiles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with rosacea and healthy volunteers
Authors: Tserikidze N. G. , Soboleva A. G. , Sobolev V. V. , Sakaniya L. R. , Potekaev N. N. , Korsunskaya I. M.
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Rosacea is a chronic skin disease with about 10% prevalence in the global population. The pathogenesis of the disease is multifactorial and is not yet fully understood. The dermatosis affects the facial skin and is characterized by persistent erythema, the formation of telangiectasias, papules, pustules, and can also be complicated by ophthalmic lesions.

The disease is rooted in impaired neurovascular regulation and changes in the innate immune systems. It is known that the expression of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) in the skin are increased in rosacea and the level of myeloperoxidase, a lymphocyte lysosomal enzyme, is increased in the inflammatory processes occurring in the arteries.

Aim. To study the level of these gene expression in blood lymphocytes in the acute stage of the disease.

Materials and methods. A total of 10 patients with erythematous rosacea, 10 patients with papulopustular rosacea and 10 healthy volunteers were included in the study. The peripheral blood samples were collected from the subjects for further isolation of lymphocytes. The level of gene expression was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results. Investigators observed a 3.7-fold increase in the activity of myeloperoxidase expression in immune blood cells compared to the values of healthy volunteers. Also, the level of relative VEGFA expression increased by 6.5 times, the level of VEGFС increased by 11 times in mononuclear lymphocytes of patients compared to the values of healthy subjects. A comparative analysis in the groups of patients with erythematous and papulopustular rosacea showed a multidirectional expression pattern of vascular growth factors VEGFA and VEGFС. An increase in VEGFA expression is observed in the papulopustular rosacea, while VEGFС is higher in the erythematous form of the pathology.

Conclusion. The obtained results demonstrate that a significant increase in the gene expression levels associated with vascular activity and angiogenesis in rosacea occurs not only in the skin, but also in the peripheral blood mononuclear lymphocytes of the patients. The detected differences in the expression of vascular growth factors in different forms of the disease indicate the need for differentiated treatments.