bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MICROSTRUCTURAL, COMPOSITIONAL AND TEXTURAL PROPERTIES DURING RIPENING OF LIGHVAN CHEESE, A TRADITIONAL RAW SHEEP CHEESE
Authors: AMINIFAR MEHRNAZ , HAMEDI MANOUCHEHR , EMAM‐DJOMEH ZAHRA , MEHDINIA ALI
Published: July 2010

The physiochemical characteristics, microstructure and texture of Lighvan cheese were investigated over a 90‐day ripening period. The moisture content of the cheese decreased during storage and the salt‐in‐moisture ratio increased during this period. The most important biochemical change of the Lighvan cheese during aging was the extent of proteolysis. The water‐soluble nitrogen to total nitrogen ratio increased significantly during ripening. This microstructural study suggested that the size and number of pores increased significantly and the dense microstructure with large protein aggregates converted to a casein network with more homogenous aggregates. The degree of proteolysis caused the hardness of the ripened cheese to decrease during aging.

PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS

Limited work has been done on Lighvan cheese, a traditional Iranian cheese, which ripens in deep natural or man‐made caves for 3–4 months at an average temperature of 10–12C. Reducing ripening time is desirable for the producer. This study identified some of the physiochemical, microstructural and textural changes during cheese aging in brine. Precise recognition of cheese changes during aging provides essential information for ripening characteristics control and reducing ripening time.
Online health information use by participants in selected senior centres in Korea: current status of internet access and health information use by Korean older adults
Authors: Chung Joohyun , Gassert Carole A. , Kim Hyun Sook
Published: July 2010

chung j., gassert c.a. & kim h.s. (2010) Online health information use by participants in selected senior centres in Korea: current status of internet access and health information use by Korean older adults. International Journal of Older People Nursing6, 261–271 doi: 10.1111/j.1748‐3743.2010.00238.x

Aims and objectives.  The purpose of this research was to describe how older adult internet users from senior centres in Korea accessed and used health information on the internet and the perceived barriers that prevented internet use.

Background.  Increasingly, patients are using health‐related information available on the internet. Internet based health information has influenced patient knowledge and expectations regarding healthcare. However, there are few studies about the use of internet for health information by older adults, and even less is known about older adults in Korea.

Design.  Based on the Access to Information framework developed by McCreadie and Rice, this quantitative study with a qualitative adjunct explored the older adults’ use of internet for health information.

Methods.  A convenience sample of 91 community‐dwelling older adults in Korea was recruited from 10 randomly selected senior centres, using the modified Kaiser Family Foundation Survey as the basis for structured interview.

Results.  Half of older internet users (n = 13) had used online health information and found it was helpful. Barriers to internet use were: no interest (90.8%); too complicated (75%); no experience in using internet (∼50%); too expensive (∼50%); or disability (10%). Qualitative findings revealed that the prime reason for non‐use of the internet was related to literacy and level of education due to historical background.

Conclusions.  The results of quantitative and qualitative analysis supported that the internet users were relatively younger, more educated, male, had a higher income, received more support from others and all from large senior centres.

Implications for practice.  This study is important because the results can provide valuable insights into the potential for health education and health communication for older adults in Korea using the internet. It could affect health promotion, policy and education for older adults in Korea.
DNA‐Based Detection of Prostate Cancer in Blood, Urine, and Ejaculates
Authors: GOESSL CARSTEN , MÜLLER MARKUS , HEICAPPELL RÜDIGER , KRAUSE HANS , MILLER KURT
Published: July 2010

Abstract: Background—Methylation‐specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) targeting promoter hypermethylation of the glutathione S transferase P1 gene (GSTP1), as the most frequent DNA alteration in prostatic carcinoma, was used for the molecular detection of cell‐bound and cell‐free prostate tumor DNA in various human bodily fluids. Materials and Methods—We investigated GSTP1 promoter hypermethylation in DNA isolated from plasma, serum, nucleated blood cells, ejaculates, urines after prostate massage, and prostate tissue from 33 patients with prostate cancer and 26 control patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Using a viral DNA extraction kit specifically recommended for DNA isolation from urine samples, GSTP1 promoter hypermethylation in urine sediments after prostatic massage was investigated in a cohort of 29 patients with prostate cancer and 40 controls with BPH. Fluorescently labeled MSP products were analyzed on an automated gene sequencer. Results—GSTP1 promoter hypermethylation was found in 90% of tumors (18 of 20), 72% of plasma or serum samples (23 of 32), 50% of ejaculates (4 of 8), and between 36% (4 of 11; normal DNA isolation kit) and 76% (22 of 29; viral kit) of exprimated urines from patients with prostate cancer. Also, MSP identified circulating tumor cells in 30% (10 out of 33) of prostate cancer patients. Except for one urine sample, GSTP1 promoter hypermethylation was not found in tissue and body fluids from patients with BPH. Conclusion—GSTP1 promoter methylation analysis provides a highly specific tool for DNA‐based diagnosis of prostate cancer in body fluids.
Induction of Insulin Autoantibodies and Protection from Diabetes with Subcutaneous Insulin B: 9‐23 Peptide without Adjuvant
Authors: LIU EDWIN , ABIRU NORIO , MORIYAMA HIROAKI , MIAO DONGMEI , EISENBARTH GEORGE S.
Published: July 2010

Abstract: Insulin B chain peptide B: 9‐23 given with incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) subcutaneously to NOD and BALB/c mice induces insulin autoantibodies (IAA). We also found that subcutaneous administration of the peptide without adjuvant induced IAA in normal BALB/c mice. The autoantibodies react with intact insulin and cannot be absorbed by the B: 9‐23 peptide. With the induction of IAA by the self‐peptide without adjuvant, we hypothesized that the peptide given subcutaneously without adjuvant would prevent the development of diabetes mellitus in NOD mice. The peptide B: 9‐23, when given in standard doses of 100 μg and low doses of 10 μg, protected female NOD mice versus unvaccinated controls from diabetes. Presently, NOD mice vaccinated with the standard dose and the low dose have a 44% and 60% survival, respectively, at 26 weeks compared to controls with a 10% diabetes‐free survival at 22 weeks (n= 10 for each group, P < 0.001 for both vaccine doses). As expected, the level of IAA expressed was significantly higher for the vaccinated mice versus the control group. We conclude that insulin B chain peptide B: 9‐23 can confer protection from diabetes in NOD mice even when administered subcutaneously without adjuvant.
Early harvest and ensilage of forage sorghum infected with ergot (Claviceps africana) reduces the risk of livestock poisoning
Authors: Blaney BJ , Ryley MJ , Boucher BD
Published: July 2010

Sorghum ergot produces dihydroergosine (DHES) and related alkaloids, which cause hyperthermia in cattle. Proportions of infected panicles (grain heads), leaves and stems were determined in two forage sorghum crops extensively infected 2 to 4 weeks prior to sampling and the panicles were assayed for DHES. Composite samples from each crop, plus a third grain variety crop, were coarsely chopped and half of each sealed in plastic buckets for 6 weeks to simulate ensilation. The worst‐infected panicles contained up to 55 mg DHES/kg, but dilution reduced average concentrations of DHES in crops to approximately 1 mg/kg, a relatively safe level for cattle. Ensilation significantly (P = 0.043) reduced mean DHES concentrations from 0.85 to 0.46 mg/kg.
Pathology of cutaneous trombidiosis caused by larval trombiculid mites in a wild Lesueur's tree frog (Litoria wilcoxii)
Authors: Mendez D , Freeman AB , Spratt DM , Speare R
Published: July 2010

Cutaneous trombidiosis caused by larvae of trombiculid mites (Vercammenia gloriosaandV. zweifelorum) in the skin of a wild tree frog,Litoria wilcoxii, in northern Queensland, Australia manifested as small, domed vesicular lesions on the dorsal and lateral surfaces posterior to the eyes. The lesions contained small, orange trombiculid mites, with a surrounding minimal inflammatory reaction. The general health and behaviour of the frog appeared unaffected. Provisional diagnosis of cutaneous trombidiosis can be made from its distinctive clinical appearance and confirmed by biopsy with direct microscopic examination of mites. This case report represents a new host record.
Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome, Insulin Resistance, Impaired Fasting Blood Glucose, and Dyslipidemia in Uygur and Kazak Populations
Authors: Wang Lifeng , Tao Yicun , Xie Zijing , Ran Xinjian , Zhang Minfang , Wang Ye , Luo Xin , Hu Mengying , Gen Wenning , Wufuer Hamulati , Li Linlin , Ren Jun , Mao Xinming
Published: July 2010

J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2010;12:741–745. ©2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

This study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), impaired fasting blood glucose (IFG), insulin resistance (IR), hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), and low high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) in adult Uygur and Kazak populations. Questionnaires, blood pressure, anthropometric measurement, and fasting glucose were evaluated. The age‐adjusted prevalence of MetS and IFG was 3.43‐ and 1.47‐fold higher, respectively, in Uygurs compared with Kazaks. The prevalence of IR and HTG was 1.33‐ and 2.22‐fold higher, respectively, in Uygurs compared with Kazaks. In addition, the prevalence of low HDL‐C was 4.05‐fold higher in Uygurs compared with Kazaks. These data depicted greater risk for cardiometabolic syndrome in Uygurs compared with Kazaks. In addition, all prevalence with the exception of low HDL‐C was greater in men compared with women in both ethnic groups. For body mass index (BMI) <24, 24 to 28, and ≥28 kg/m2, the prevalence of MetS, HTG, and low HDL‐C was higher in Uygurs than Kazaks at the same BMI level. For individuals with a BMI between 24 and 28, the prevalence of IR but not IFG was significantly greater in Uygurs than Kazaks. At BMI ≥28, neither IFG nor IR was overtly different between the two ethnic groups.
Green Tea Polyphenols and Cancer: Biologic Mechanisms and Practical Implications
Authors: Ahmad Nihal , Mukhtar Hasan
Published: July 2010

Polyphenolic compounds in fruits and vegetables have been associated with lower risk of some diseases, including cancer. Recent research has shown that the polyphenolic antioxidants in green tea possess cancer chemopreventive effects. This review discusses the cancer chemopreventive effects associated with green tea and the molecular mechanisms that underlie the broad anticarcinogenic effect of polyphenols in green tea.
Oral health considerations in muscular dystrophies
Authors: Balasubramaniam Ramesh , Sollecito Thomas P. , Stoopler Eric T.
Published: July 2010

Muscular dystrophies (MD) are a heterogeneous group of inherited neuromuscular disorders characterized by muscle necrosis and progressive muscle weakness. It is important for oral healthcare providers to be familiar with MD as special considerations are necessary to provide appropriate and safe dental care for these medically complex patients. This article briefly reviews the more common types of MD, namely, Duchenne MD, Becker MD, Emery‐Dreifuss MD, facioscapulo–humeral MD, limb‐girdle MD, oculopharyngeal MD, and myotonic dystrophy. Aspects of their epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and medical management as well as oral health considerations are discussed.
DNA barcoding Indian marine fishes
Authors: LAKRA W. S. , VERMA M. S. , GOSWAMI M. , LAL K. K. , MOHINDRA V. , PUNIA P. , GOPALAKRISHNAN A. , SINGH K. V. , WARD R. D. , HEBERT P.
Published: July 2010

DNA barcoding has been adopted as a global bio‐identification system for animals in recent years. A major national programme on DNA barcoding of fish and marine life was initiated in India by the authors during 2006 and 115 species of marine fish covering Carangids, Clupeids, Scombrids, Groupers, Sciaenids, Silverbellies, Mullids, Polynemids and Silurids representing 79 Genera and 37 Families from the Indian Ocean have been barcoded for the first time using cytochrome c oxidase I gene (COI) of the mtDNA. The species were represented by multiple specimens and a total of 397 sequences were generated. After amplification and sequencing of 707 base pair fragment of COI, primers were trimmed which invariably generated a 655 base pair barcode sequence. The average Kimura two parameter (K2P) distances within species, genera, families, orders were 0.30%, 6.60%, 9.91%, 16.00%, respectively. In addition to barcode‐based species identification system, phylogenetic relationships among the species have also been attempted. The neighbour‐joining tree revealed distinct clusters in concurrence with the taxonomic status of the species.
Residue growth on metallic-hard mask after dielectric etching in fluorocarbon-based plasmas. I. Mechanisms
Authors: Posseme N. , Chevolleau T. , Bouyssou R. , David T. , Arnal V. , Barnes J. P. , Verove C. , Joubert O.
Published: July 2010

This work focuses on the formation of residues that grow on a metallic-hard mask after etching of porous low-k materials in fluorocarbon-based plasmas. The residue growth, which is dependent on the air exposure time after etching, causes line and via opens that strongly impact the yield performance. The different elements which could play a role in the chemical reactions have been clarified. The authors have demonstrated that in their experimental conditions, after fluorocarbon etching and air exposure, the oxidized titanium nitride reacts with fluorhydric acid to form metallic salts. This is a reaction between fluorine from the reactive layer formed on titanium nitride and hydrogen coming from the atmosphere. This reaction is all the more fast because the titanium nitride is oxidized.
Polythiophene-based charge dissipation layer for electron beam lithography of zinc oxide and gallium nitride
Authors: Dylewicz R. , Lis S. , De La Rue R. M. , Rahman F.
Published: July 2010

The ability of thin polythiophene layers to dissipate accumulated charge in the electron beam lithography (EBL) of wide bandgap semiconductors, such as zinc oxide and gallium nitride, is demonstrated. A quick and inexpensive processing method is demonstrated for EBL exposure of dense and high-resolution patterns in a hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ) negative-tone resist deposited on bulk ZnO samples and with GaN/AlN on sapphire substrates. For the former, experimental results are given for three different cases: where no charge dissipation layer was used as well as cases where 40-nm-thick Al and 100-nm-thick conductive polymer layers were used on the top of the HSQ resist. For the latter material, EBL exposure was investigated for pure HSQ and for HSQ with a thin conductive polymer layer on top. Based on the scanning electron microscope observations of the resulting photonic crystal (PhC) pattern, conventional Al and the proposed polymer approach were compared. Good agreement between these results is reported, while the new method considerably simplifies sample processing. Spin-coatable conducting polymer may be easily removed due to its solubility in water, which makes it a perfect solution for the processing of amphoteric oxide samples, i.e., zinc oxide. Gallium nitride processing also benefits from polymer dissipation layer usage due to extended exposure range and the avoidance of dense pattern overexposure in HSQ.
Structural and electronic properties of carbon nanocylinder consisting of nanoribbon-walls with arrayed-oxygen hinges
Authors: Fujii Yuto , Natori Akiko , Nakamura Jun
Published: July 2010

The authors present the prediction of novel class of materials for carbon nanotube (CNT), carbon nanopolygonal-cylinder (CNPC), which consists of walls of graphene nanoribbon (GNR) with arrayed-oxygen hinges. The rolling-up energy for CNPC, that is, the energy required to roll up the two-dimensional sheet, is drastically reduced compared with that for CNT, e.g., the rolling-up energy of 5.62 eV per unit cell (12 C atoms) for (3,3) CNT, while negligibly small for CNPC with the corresponding chirality. Electronic dispersions for π-bands near the Fermi edge along the cylinder axis of CNPC have shapes very similar to those of GNR rather than CNT, reflecting the fact that the atomic arrangement of the walls separated by oxygen-arrays holds that of GNR.
Mercury’s Complex Exosphere: Results from MESSENGER’s Third Flyby
Authors: Vervack Ronald J. , McClintock William E. , Killen Rosemary M. , Sprague Ann L. , Anderson Brian J. , Burger Matthew H. , Bradley E. Todd , Mouawad Nelly , Solomon Sean C. , Izenberg Noam R.
Published: July 2010

MESSENGER's Third Set of Messages

MESSENGER, the spacecraft en route to insertion into orbit about Mercury in March 2011, completed its third flyby of the planet on 29 September 2009.

Prockter
et al.

(p.
668
, published online 15 July) present imaging data acquired during this flyby, showing that volcanism on Mercury has extended to much more recent times than previously assumed. The temporal extent of volcanic activity and, in particular, the timing of most recent activity had been missing ingredients in the understanding of Mercury's global thermal evolution.

Slavin
et al.

(p.
665
, published online 15 July) report on magnetic field measurements made during the 29 September flyby, when Mercury's magnetosphere underwent extremely strong coupling with the solar wind. The planet's tail magnetic field increased and then decreased by factors of 2 to 3.5 during periods lasting 2 to 3 minutes. These observations suggest that magnetic open flux loads the magnetosphere, which is subsequently unloaded by substorms—magnetic disturbances during which energy is rapidly released in the magnetotail. At Earth, changes in tail magnetic field intensity during the loading/unloading cycle are much smaller and occur on much longer time scales.

Vervack
et al.

(p.
672
, published online 15 July) used the Mercury Atmospheric and Surface Composition Spectrometer onboard MESSENGER to make measurements of Mercury's neutral and ion exospheres. Differences in the altitude profiles of magnesium, calcium, and sodium over the north and south poles of Mercury indicate that multiple processes are at play to create and maintain the exosphere.
GEOMETRIC PHASE IN THE CONDENSED VAPOR OF Rb UNDER PRESSURE AND EXTERNAL MAGNETIC FIELD
Authors: YU ZHAO-XIAN , JIAO ZHI-YONG , LI XIANG-GUI
Published: July 2010

By using the Lewis–Riesenfeld invariant theory, we have studied the geometric phase in the condensed vapor of Rb under pressure and external time-dependent magnetic field. We find that the geometric phase in the cycle case has nothing to do with the coupling constant between electron and atomic nucleus, and the external time-dependent magnetic field.
Lincolnshire borehole proves greater extent of the Scarborough Formation (Jurassic: Bajocian)
Authors: Bradshaw M. J. , Bate R. H.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. The ostracod fauna of a thin unit of shelly mudstones encountered directly beneath the Great Oolite Group in a recently drilled borehole in north Lincolnshire confirms the presence of the Scarborough Formation, formerly thought of as being confined to the Cleveland Basin. Sandstones and coals separating the Scarborough Formation from typical upper Lincolnshire Limestone calcarenites were probably deposited by delta progradation and are correlated with the regressive Yons Nab Beds and lower Gristhorpe Member of the Cleveland Basin.Discovery of the Gristhorpe Member and the Scarborough Formation beneath the basal Great Oolite unconformity on the East Midlands Shelf suggests that the youngest limestone facies of the Lincolnshire Limestone can be no younger than earliest sauzei Zone, and that the erosional event which preceded deposition of the Great Oolite is of late humphriesianum Zone or younger age.A revised palaeogeography for Scarborough Formation times envisages that following initial westward marine transgression along the axis of the Cleveland Basin, the sea broadened and at its maximum extent covered much of the Market Weighton Block.
The search for a reliable mounting medium for Recent ‘live’ foraminifera
Authors: Maybury C. , Morrison L. , Stewart V.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. There is no suitable mounting medium for the long term storage of Recent ‘live’ foraminifera. Glycerol has been used for this purpose since the last century, but its properties do not meet our requirements (see below). We therefore began a series of trials in order to find the ‘perfect’ mountant. The inception of this “Micropalaeontological Notebook” provides a timely opportunity to highlight the results of our experiments and to elicit a response from the readership to facilitate our search.In choosing mounting media for experiment it was first necessary to detail our requirements. The latter are as follows: the medium must be clear and possess a refractive index (nD) close or equal to that of glass. The nD of the mounted specimens should differ from that of the mountant or they will be invisible. It should function as a permanent mount, fixing specimens in a position suitable for light microscopical examination. It should not form aggregations or induce overlap of specimens and should permit easy relocation of small organisms (i.e., fixing them so that their co-ordinates can be read with an England Finder). It should neither be messy nor aspirate air and should not contract, thereby crushing delicate specimens. The mountant must be treated to inhibit bacterial and fungal growths. It must be relatively inexpensive and quick to prepare and must not solidify too rapidly, leaving insufficient time to position specimens. Since the specimens are ‘live’ it is important that the protoplasmic contents of the cell auld the mountant are. . .
The Ostracoda community in hypersaline channels in Al-Khiran, Arabian Gulf
Authors: Razzaq Sabeekah Al-Abdul
Published: July 2010

Abstract. A community of ten ostracod species characterizes the hypersaline channels of Khor Al-Mufateh and Khor Al-Mamlaha. The dominant species in Khor Al-Mufateh are Loxoconcha (Loxoconcha) indica Jain, 1978; Gibboborchella venosa Gumey, 1979; Gibboborchella alata Gurney, 1979; and Hemicytheridea paiki Jain, 1978. L.(L.) indica, along with Neomonoceratina sp., dominate Khor Al-Mamlaha. Other species ranging from common to rare, include Carinocythereis (Carinocythereis) batei Jain, 1978; Callistocythere cf. flavidofusca intricatoides (Ruggieri), 1953; Loxoconcha (Loxoconcha) multiornata Bate & Gurney, 1981; Tanella cf. gracilis Kingma, 1948; and Xestoleberis rotunda Hartmann, 1964.Khor Al-Mufateh and Al-Mamlaha are divided into zones according to the distribution of ostracod species, which are dependant upon the richness and distribution of algae and the type of sediment. The ten ostracod species are salinity-tolerant and occur in the upper third of Khor Al-Mufateh and the lower half of Khor Al-Mamlaha with salinity ranging between 55–70‰ and 45–70‰, respectively. These zones are rich in algal growth with sediments varying from muddy carbonate sands to sandy mud. Most ostracod species are found in abundance during the summer exhibiting a rich diversity of algae genera and species.
Kirkbyites Johnson, a valid ostracod genus from the Upper Palaeozoic
Authors: Becker Gerhard
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Kirkbyites upsoni Johnson, 1936 from the Upper Pennsylvanian of North America, type species of the poorly understood genus Kirkbyites, corresponds significantly with the well-known species Kullmannissites? solus Becker, 1981 from the Upper Devonian of SW Europe. From common, important diagnostic characters, the latter is considered to be a species of Kirkbyites Johnson, 1936 which is a valid genus of the Family Amphissitidae Knight, 1928 (Ostracoda, Palaeocopida, Kirkbyacea).
Paleoecology of Late Eocene-Oligocene foraminiferal assemblages in a two-well transect across the North-East Newfoundland shelf
Authors: Thomas F. C.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Core samples from the Paleogene of the Bonavista C-99 well on the northeast Newfoundland shelf and cuttings from downdip Blue H-28 contain foraminiferal assemblages which enable reconstruction of paleoenvironments along a downslope transect in Eocene through Late Oligocene-Miocene time. Comparison with coeval assemblages in North Sea wells with respect to structure and grain size of agglutinated taxa between the two areas reveal inter-basin differences.Reconstruction of the paleobathymetry derived from foraminiferal analysis, confirms seismic evidence for shallowing at the Bonavista site beginning in the Early Oligocene. The relationship of the Bonavista assemblages to contour currents is explored with reference to modern regional analogues. Species such as Reticulophragmium amplectens, Haplophragmoides walteri, Eponides umbonatus and Uvigerina ex. gr. miozea-nuttalli persist stratigraphically higher in the deeper Blue site.The paleoslope of this two-well transect is determined as approximately 0.48° during the Middle to Late Eocene and 0.68° during the Late Oligocene-Early Miocene. The bottom water hydrography of the transect can be evaluated by reference to these assemblages and a comparison to flysch-type agglutinated assemblages from a transect in the North Sea. The presence of an Upper Eocene-Middle Miocene hiatus at the Blue site contrasting with apparently continuous Tertiary deposition at Bonavista places a theoretical upper limit of 500–1000 m on the depth of the early Cenozoic western boundary undercurrent.
Paralesleya perforata gen. et sp. nov., a new ostracod species from the Latest Jurassic of Northwest Europe
Authors: Witte L. , Lissenberg Th.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. A Late Jurassic ostracod species, reported earlier under the name of Indet. Gen. sp.206, is formally described and placed in the new genus Paralesleya. Its known distribution, southern Sweden and Denmark, is extended by new reports from southern England (Dorset), northern France (Boulonnais), and the Dutch Central North Sea Graben. The species has stratigraphic value and contributes to more precise correlations between the cliff sections on either side of the Channel.
Revision of the genus Valvobifarina Hofker, 1951 (Foraminiferida)
Authors: Revets Stefan A.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. The genus Valvobifarina is exhaustively revised to include three species; V. mackinnonii (Millett), the type species, V. robusta (Sidebottom), and V. niobeae sp.nov. All species are typified. Bifarina elongata Millett, 1900 is excluded from Valvobifarina.
Lower Eocene Ostracods from the Rusayl Shale Formation of Oman
Authors: Keen Michael C. , Racey Andrew
Published: July 2010

Abstract. A small fauna of ostracods is described from the Early Eocene of the Rusayl Shale of northern Oman. The fauna is dominated by Neocyprideis rusaylensis sp. nov., forming 95% of the ostracods. The other species present are Stigmatocythere siddiquii sp. nov., Krithe sp. and Paracypris sp. None of these taxa has been previously recorded, but there is a close resemblance to the fauna described from the upper part of the Lower Eocene of Pakistan. The fauna indicates restricted conditions, probably of fluctuating salinities in coastal lagoons, which were often hypersaline.
Palynological interpretation of the palaeoenvironments of Miocene strata of the well Igbomotoru-1, Niger delta
Authors: Oboh F. E. , Salami M. B. , Chapman J. L.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Palynological and lithological results have been employed in interpreting the depositional environment of strata penetrated by the Igbomotoru-1 well at the interval 1123–3583 metres. The environment of deposition is largely transitional with marine influence occurring only at the base of the studied sequence. Zonocostites ramonae is frequent to abundant in most samples: this indicates a high influence of mangrove swamp vegetation in the environment at the time of deposition. The absence or rarity of this species at some horizons within the studied interval is taken as evidence of deposition in a more continental environment or of a swamp forest area composed of non-Rhizophora type trees. The nature of the organic matter points to a source area near the basin of deposition for the sediments.
Trochamminoides grzybowskii, nom.nov., a new name for Trochammina elegans Grzybowski, 1898 (Foraminiferida)
Authors: Kaminski M. A. , Geroch Stanislaw
Published: July 2010

Abstract. INTRODUCTIONTrochamminoides elegans (Grzybowski) [= Trochammina elegans Grzybowski, 1898] is a familiar species that is commonly recorded from the Paleogene of the Carpathian flysch. However, during the course of work on a taxonomic revision of the Grzybowski Collection, it has become apparent that the name of this taxon is in actuality, invalid.The designation Trochammina elegans was first used by Rzehak (1887), but since the name only appeared in a table (without a description or illustration) the name is unavailable under Article 12 of the ICZN. Grzybowski (1898), who had received specimens from Rzehak, referred to this species as “Trochammina elegans Rzehak”, but the authorship of the species belongs to Grzybowski under Article 50 of the ICZN. Grzybowski (1898) described Trochammina elegans as follows: Test agglutinated, surface rough; circular in outline, spirally coiled in two and one-half to three whorls. Chambers spherical, increasing in size, numerous, with depressed sutures; there are thirteen to fifteen of them in the last whorl. Aperture at the lower edge of the last chamber, just above the rounded periphery. Diameter 1.3 mm.However, transferring the authorship of this species makes Trochammina elegans Grzybowski, 1898 a primary junior homonym of Trochammina elegans Egger, 1893 (Article 53c of the ICZN). As such, the name must be permanently rejected (Article 52a). Because no junior synonym exists, we propose the replacement name Trochamminoides grzybowskii Kaminski & Geroch, nom. nov.SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONSuborder:Textulariina Delage & Herouard, 1896Genus: Trochamminaides Cushman, 1910Trochamminoides grzybowskii Kaminski & Geroch, nom.nov. for Trochammina elegans. . .
The dinoflagellate cyst genus Epiplosphaera Klement 1960 - a reappraisal
Authors: Poulsen Niels E.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. The dinoflagellate cyst genus Epiplosphaera Klement 1960 and its species have been studied in material from the Oxfordian and Kimmeridgian of Poland. The taxonomic history of the genus is summarized and the morphology is discussed. The type species Epiplosphaera bireticulata differs from other representatives of the genus in having high septa which are dissected distally. Additional septa in E. bireticulata form a second reticulum inside the parasutural septa. Epiplosphaera reticulata differs from the other species by having low spines and low, smooth septa. The septa form a second reticulum within the parasutures, as in the case with E. bireticulata. Epiplosphaera areolata has high spines, but almost no reticulum or parasutures. Epiplosphaera reticulospinosa is intermediate between E. bireticulata and E. areolata. It has a mixture of both high and low septa between the spines. Epiplosphaera gochtii has low spines and few, low septa between some of the spines. Epiplosphaera ornata is regarded as a junior synonym of E. gochtii.
Calcareous Nannofossils in Surface Sediments of the Central and Northern Parts of the South China Sea
Authors: Xinrong Cheng
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Taxonomic composition and quantitative distribution of calcareous nannofossils in the nothern and central parts of the South China Sea were studied in 146 samples of surface sediments taken from estuary, continental shelf, continental slope and deep-water basin. This paper reports distribution patterns of nannofossils in the area, including nannofossil abundance, species, assemblages and specimen size. Abundance increases from shelf to slope, with a decrease from the lower part of the slope towards the abyssal plain. The assemblages are dominated by Emiliania huxleyi, Gephyrocapsa oceanica and Florisphaera profunda. Ecologically the effects of water temperature, and nutrient inputs can be detected in the distribution of nannofossils, while dilution by terrigenous materials and deep sea carbonate dissolution influence the sedimentological aspect of the samples. The composition of the South China Sea nannofossil assemblage enables it to be grouped with the central zone of the North Pacific in biogeographic zonations of nannoplankton.
New nummulite (Foraminiferida) species from the Eocene of Northern Oman
Authors: Racey Andrew
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Three new species of nummulites; Nummulites minutus sp. nov., N. omanensis sp. nov. and N. schaubi sp. nov., are described and illustrated from the Eocene of Northern Oman. N. omanensis sp. nov. and N. schaubi sp. nov. are shown to range from Early to Middle Lutetian whilst N. minutus sp. nov. ranges from Late Ypresian to Early Lutetian. N. minutus sp. nov. is far smaller in all major dimensions than any species of Nummulites previously described and if found in isolation would be assumed to be very primitive and probably dated as Late Palaeocene. However, N. minutus sp. nov. was found in association with an unreworked Lutetian fauna. The commonly held belief that proloculus size and test size are smallest in the most primitive (i.e. oldest) species must therefore be treated with some degree of caution.
An occurrence of Ammobaculites (Foraminiferida, Lituolacea) in the Purbeck Formation (late Jurassic-early Cretaceous) of Dorset, south-west England
Authors: Radley Jon D.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. An influx of Ammobaculites cf. obliquus Loeblich & Tappan is documented from the late Jurassic-early Cretaceous Purbeck Formation of Dorset, south-west England. The foraminifera are interpreted as inhabitants of a dysaerobic, muddy, brackish lagoonal environment.
Ostracoda from the Miocene Marada Formation of Libya
Authors: Gammudi Amar , Keen Michael C.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. The ostracods of the Miocene Marada Formation from three wells in the east of the Sirt Basin are described. These indicate ages ranging from Aquitainian to Tortonian. Four biozones are recognised: Pokornyella deformis minor (=Aquitainian), Aurilla soummamensis (=Burdigalian), an interval zone of Mid Miocene age, and Ruggieria tetraptera tetraptera (=Tortonian). 55 species have been identified, 22 of which are known from other Mediterranean localities. Six new species are described: Actinocythereis sirtensis sp. nov, Bythocypris tripoliensis sp. nov, Cyprideis maradaensis sp. nov, Cytheridea joshensis sp. nov, Gammudi, Hermanites zaltanensis sp. nov, and Paijenborchellina keeni sp. nov, Gammudi.
Syracosphaera noroiticus sp. nov., and S. marginaporata sp. nov., (Syracosphaeraceae, Prymnesiophyta), new coccolithophorids from the Mediterranean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Knappertsbusch Michael
Published: July 2010

Abstract. During scanning electron microscope investigations of living coccolithophorids from the Mediterranean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, two hitherto undescribed species of the genus Syracosphaera Lohmann, 1902 emend. Gaarder (in Gaarder and Heimdal, 1977) were found. The first species, Syracosphaera noroiticus sp. nov., was recorded in the Gulf of Lyons (Mediterranean Sea), and the second, S. marginaporata sp. nov., was found in the eastern North Atlantic.
Glyphidocythere, a new deep marine, paradoxostomatid (Ostracoda) from the Quaternary and Recent of the Indo-Pacific
Authors: Ayress M. A. , Corrége T. , Whatley R. C.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Chapman’s (1910) Pseudocythere funafutiensis from 1924m off Funafuti, western Pacific is redescribed and illustrated together with additional Pleistocene and Recent material from the Coral and Tasman seas. A new paradoxostomatid genus, Glyphidocythere, is described to accommodate it and two other species yet to be formally described from the Banda Sea, eastern Indonesia. The genus is apparently restricted to the marine slope environment of low (less than 20°) southern latitudes. In the Coral and Tasman seas G. funafutiensis occurs within a narrow bathyal depth range (955m to 1754m) coincident with the Antarctic Intermediate Water.
David Ure and the first illustrations of British fossil Ostracoda
Authors: Keen Michael C.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. 1993 is the bicenntenary of the publication of David Ure’s classic work, The History of Rutherglen and East-Kilbride, published with a view to promote the study of antiquity and natural history, and with it the start of studies in Britain of fossil ostracods. To commemorate this occasion, the 2nd. European Ostracodologists Meeting was held in the University of Glasgow July 23–27th, 1993.David Ure was born in 1750 the son of a weaver, a product of the Scottish enlightenment, who studied at Glagow Grammar School and then at the University of Glasgow. He was licensed to preach the gospel in 1783, and soon after was appointed Assistant Minister at East Kilbride, where he remained for seven years. During this time he collected material for his great work which was published after he had left East Kilbride for Newcastle.David Ure’s book was financed by public subscription, and amongst the 700 subscribers can be found many Professors from the Scottish Universities as well as the eminent geologists James Hutton and John Playfair. This was the heroic age of geology, when careful observations were leading to an understanding of basic principles. David Ure is often regarded as the "Father of Scottish Palaeontology". His book contains the first illustrations of fossils from Scotland, and is fairly unique for the period because his specimens are still preserved in the collections of the Hunterian Museum at the University of Glasgow and the City Museum and Art Gallery, Kelvingrove, Glasgow. The macrofossils are beautifully drawn, . . .
Piallina tethydis gen. et sp.nov. (Foraminiferida) from the Triassic (Carnian) of the Kocaeli Peninsula, Turkey
Authors: Rettori R. , Zaninetti L. , Martini R. , Vachard D.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. A new genus, Piallina Rettori & Zaninetti (type-species Piallina tethydis Rettori & Zaninetti sp.nov.), is recorded from the Upper Triassic (Carnian) of the Kocaeli Peninsula (Turkey). The new Family, the Piallinidae is also introduced.
A biostratigraphic revision of the Eocene and Oligocene foraminiferal type localities of Trinidad described by Cushman & Stainforth (1945) and Cushman & Renz (1948)
Authors: Mccabe Caroline M , Kaminski Michael A , Finch Edward
Published: July 2010

Abstract. This study constitutes a revision and reappraisal of the samples used in the two classic studies of the calcareous benthic foraminifera of the Navet, San Fernando and Cipero Formations of Trinidad: Cushman & Renz’s 1948 study of the Eocene, and Cushman & Stainforth’s 1945 study of the Oligocene. Biostratigraphical calibration is achieved by reference to the lithological schemes of Bolli (1957) and other studies, and by directly assigning the samples to the standard planktonic foraminiferal and nannofossils zonal schemes. This direct calibration enables a more precise biostratigraphic framework for the type localities of 55 benthic foraminiferal taxa described by Cushman & Renz and Cushman & Stainforth.
Orbitally induced cycles in benthonic foraminiferal morphogroups and trophic structure distribution patterns from the Late Albian “Amadeus Segment” (Central Italy)
Authors: Coccioni Rodolfo , Galeotti Simone
Published: July 2010

Abstract. A detailed analysis was made of benthonic foraminiferal distribution patterns and morphogroups in the late Albian “Amadeus Segment” of the Aptian-Albian organic-rich Scisti a Fucoidi Formation outcropping over a widespread area of the Umbria-Marche region, Central Italy. Rhythmic changes in the trophic structures and composition of benthonic foraminiferal assemblages suggest cyclical fluctuations of the sea floor environment which appear to be orbitally induced. Benthonic foraminiferal assemblages varied significantly through the section and appear to contain a strong paleoecological signal. Fluctuations in both bottom water oxygenation and the surface primary productivity as a result of the orbital forcing are interpreted to have been the primary controls on benthonic foraminiferal distribution patterns.
Opportunistic features of the foraminifer Stainforthia fusiformis (Williamson): evidence from Frierfjord, Norway
Authors: Alve Elisabeth
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Frierfjord is the innermost part of a fjord system which connects with the open sea via Grenlandsfjord. Sills between fjords restrict bottom water circulation and in Frierfjord (sill depth: 23 m, max. water depth: 100 m) efficient deep water renewals at depths greater than about 50 m occur once every one to three years (Rygg et al., 1987). For several centuries waste products (primarily bark and wood fibres), initially from saw mills and later from pulp and paper industries, have been deposited in Frierfjord. Additionally, the fjord has received substantial amounts of organic material and nutrients from domestic sewage. In summary, this led to more or less permanent anoxic deep bottom water conditions. However, slight improvements have occurred over the last decade in response to reduced pollution input (Alve, in prep.). Investigations of short sediment cores (<50 cm) from the deeper areas of Frierfjord (>50 m) show that Stainforthia fusiformis exhibits typical opportunistic features. The oxygen concentration of the bottom water immediately above the sediment–water interface was > 1 ml I1at all stations at the time of collection, but the surface sediments reflected recent anoxic conditions. This was especially evident at >70 m where the sediments had a soupy appearance and black colour, with brownish faecal pellets and sometimes light grey, fluffy sediment aggregates in the topmost veneer. The total organic carbon content of the surface sediments is typically between 4 and 6%.DISCUSSIONThe following features characterize Stainforthia fusiformis as an opportunistic r-strategist:Distribution. Stainforthia fusiformis is a . . .
Late Miocene ostracods from the Fujikotogawa Formation, northern Japan – with reference to cold water species involved with trans-Arctic interchange
Authors: Irizuki Toshiaki
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Seventy-eight ostracod species belonging to 38 genera are recognized from the late Miocene Fujikotogawa Formation (c. 7–8 Ma), 40 km NE of Akita City, northern Japan. Some 30–40% of the ostracod species belong to the cold water groups (circumpolar and cryophilic species) reported from Plio-Pleistocene formations yielding the Omma-Manganji Fauna, the name given by Otuka (1939) to the Pliocene Japanese cold water molluscan fauna. This study demonstrates that most ostracod species distinguished in deposits yielding the Omma-Manganji Fauna had already appeared in the late Miocene. At least 13 of the ostracod species have been reported from both the Arctic and northern Atlantic Oceans, implying migration from the Pacific to the northern Atlantic through the Arctic after the Bering Strait had been breached. The 13 circumpolar, nine cryophilic and four endemic cold water species are illustrated, with brief taxonomic notes.
Spirals: their orientation and description
Authors: Revets Stefan A.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. The trochoid coiling mode is the most dominant amongst hyaline foraminifera. The parallels in shape with especially gastropods neatly explains the use of the same terms to describe the spiral coiling. Other terms came in use, at first well-defined, but gradually losing their precision. Because of growing demands of systematics and changes in stress of use and value of characters, the inadequacy of this terminology has become a stumbling block. The terms ventral/dorsal and spiral/umbilical denote different things and are therefore all useful: the latter pair should not be relinquished as suggested (Haynes, 1990: 512). Historically, the terms ventral/dorsal and upper and lower side have been used by most students of the foraminifera with only few exceptions (notably Reuss and Loeblich & Tappan). Despite the protist nature of foraminifera, dorsal and ventral continued to be used, analogous to terms used to describe, for example gastropods. Far fewer problems beset the terms spiral and umbilical, which arc generally defined (Oxford English Dictionary) as: spiral a.. n. & v. 1. a. Coiled; winding about a centre in an enlarging or decreasing circular motion, either on a flat plane or rising in a cone.
spire n. Spiral, coil; single twist of this; upper part of spiral shell [F. f. Lf. Gk speira coil]
umbilical a. 1. Of, situated near, affecting, the umbilicus 2. Centrally placed.
umbilicus n. Navel; (Bot. & Zool.) navel-like formation; (Geom.) point in a surface through which all cross-sections have same curvature [I., rel. to Gk omphalos]ORIENTATION: A GEOMETRICAL . . .
Computer analysis of benthic foraminiferal associations in a tidal New Zealand inlet
Authors: Hayward Bruce W. , Triggs Christopher M.
Published: July 2010

Abstract. Census data on benthic foraminiferal tests in 45 surface sediment samples from Pauatahanui Inlet, Wellington, New Zealand, are analysed by Correspondence Analysis and Non-Hierarchical classification techniques. The faunas are grouped into 7 associations: (A) Trochamminita irregularis/Miliammina fusca - at high tide level in a small tidal creek at the limits of salt water influence; (B) Trochammina inflata/Jadammina macrescens - in an extreme high tidal pool, close to the mouth of a small stream; (C) Miliammina fusca/Haplophragmoides wilberti/Trochammina inflata - intertidal and shallow subtidal (to 0.6 m depth), muddy sand over a large area in the upper reaches of the inlet, where most freshwater runoff enters; (D) Elphidium excavatum/Miliammina fusca - intertidal muddy sand associated with shelly beaches on the fringe of association C; (E) Ammonia beccarii/Haynesina depressula - in a wide variety of intertidal and shallow subtidal (to 3 m depth) sediments that form a belt between the more brackish associations (A–D) and the more normal salinity associations (F–G); (F) Bolivina cf. translucens/Textularia earlandi/Bolivina subexcavata - in mud to muddy, very fine sand in a shallow basin (1–2.5 m deep) in the middle of the inlet and in a small, sheltered backwater; (G) Elphidium charlottensis/Patellinella inconspicua/Quinqueloculina seminula - in sandy mud and muddy fine sand, intertidal to 10 m depth, in the mouth, entrance channel and adjacent outer and middle parts of the inlet, where a flush of normal salinity water enters during each tidal cycle.Using Canonical Correspondence Analysis, the factors most influential in determining the faunal distribution are, in decreasing importance: freshwater influence (salinity), exposure to the air during tidal cycles, proximity to the open sea, tidal current strength and percentage of mud in the substrate.