bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regional anaesthesia practice in public hospitals in Botswana: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Kassa Mamo , Madzimbamuto Farai , Kediegite Gaone , Tuyishime Eugene
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Little is known about the regional anesthesia practice in low resources settings (LRS). The aim of this study was to describe the regional anesthesia capacity, characteristics of regional anesthesia practice, and challenges and solutions of practicing safe regional anesthesia in public hospitals in Botswana.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional survey of anesthesia providers working in public hospitals in Botswana. A purposive sampling method of public hospitals was used to achieve representation of different hospital levels across Botswana. Paper-based questionnaires were sent to anesthesia providers from selected hospitals. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis.

Results

Questionnaires were distributed to 47 selected anesthesia providers from selected hospitals; 38 (80.9%) were returned. Most participants were nurse anesthetists and medical officers (57.8%). All hospitals perform spinal anesthesia; however, other regional techniques were performed by a small number of participants in one referral hospital. Most hospitals had adequate regional anesthesia drugs and sedation medications, however, most hospitals (except one referral hospital) lacked ultrasound machine and the regional anesthesia kit. The common challenges reported were lack of knowledge and skills, lack of equipment and supplies, and lack of hospital engagement and support. Some solutions were proposed such as regional anesthesia training and engaging the hospital management to get resources.

Conclusions

The results of this study suggest that spinal anesthesia is the most common regional anesthesia technique performed by anesthesia providers working in public hospitals in Botswana followed by few upper limb blocks. However, most public hospitals lack enough training capacity, equipment, and supplies for regional anesthesia. More engagement of the hospital management, investment in regional anesthesia resources, and training are needed in order to improve the regional anesthesia capacity and provide safe surgery and anesthesia in Botswana.
Digital transformation in schools of two southern regions of Sweden through implementation-informed approach: A mixed-methods study protocol
Authors: Masiello Italo , Fixsen Dean L. , Nordmark Susanna , Mohseni Zeynab (Artemis) , Holmberg Kristina , Rack John , Davidsson Mattias , Andersson-Gidlund Tobias , Augustsson Hanna
Published: December 2023

Background

The enhancement of–or even a shift from–traditional teaching and learning processes to corresponding digital practices has been rapidly occurring during the last two decades. The evidence of this ongoing change is still modest or even weak. However, the adaptation of implementation science in educational settings, a research approach which arose in the healthcare field, offers promising results for systematic and sustained improvements in schools. The aim of this study is to understand how the systematic professional development of teachers and schools principals (the intervention) to use digital learning materials and learning analytics dashboards (the innovations) could allow for innovative and lasting impacts in terms of a sustained implementation strategy, improved teaching practices and student outcomes, as well as evidence-based design of digital learning material and learning analytics dashboards.

Methods

This longitudinal study uses a quasi-experimental cluster design with schools as the unit. The researchers will enroll gradually 145 experimental schools in the study. In the experimental schools the research team will form a School Team, consisting of teachers/learning-technologists, school principals, and researchers, to support teachers’ use of the innovations, with student achievement as the dependent variable. For the experimental schools, the intervention is based on the four longitudinal stages comprising the Active Implementation Framework. With an anticipated student sample of about 13,000 students in grades 1–9, student outcomes data are going to be analyzed using hierarchical linear models.

Discussion

The project seeks to address a pronounced need for favorable conditions for children’s learning supported by a specific implementation framework targeting teachers, and to contribute with knowledge about the promotion of improved teaching practices and student outcomes. The project will build capacity using implementation of educational technology in Swedish educational settings.
User Motivation and Role of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) in Banking Services
Authors: Bekmukhambetova Anara , Németh Ádám
Published: December 2023

The development of financial technology and the ubiquity of the Internet are causing changes in consumer behavior, increasing competition in the financial services sector, and encouraging banks to actively implement digital technologies in their activities. Various initiatives and implemented innovations have attracted the attention of researchers in this industry. Previously, the main focus of researchers has been on technological development, but is now shifting to user-centered research. As practice shows, potential users may not use innovations despite their availability. This points to the need for additional research. The study was designed based on the Technology Adoption Model (TAM), and the model empirically examines changes in traditional banking services using a sample of 93 customers. The questionnaire included three parts. In the first part, respondents were asked what motivations for using online banking and traditional bank services are the most important for customer retention in the context of emerging technology. The second part asked about attitudes towards changes in bank services. The third part was demographic questions about the participants. According to the results, perceived usefulness, perceived ease, and attitudes toward use are determinants in the use of online banking services; the main motivators are getting banking services easier and faster, more control over financial banking activity, and a better customer experience. The implications of the results are discussed and suggestions for the future are made.
SISTEMA FINANCEIRO E LIVRE COMÉRCIO NO SÉCULO XXI: APONTAMENTOS SOBRE O ADVENTO DAS CRIPTOMOEDAS, FINANÇAS DESCENTRALIZADAS E O DESAFIO DA SEGURANÇA PÚBLICA BRASILEIRA EM UM CENÁRIO DE EXPANSÃO DO MERCADO GLOBAL
Authors: Da Silva Souza Vitor , Naves Junior Carlos Humberto
Published: December 2023

A expansão dos mercados globais no século XXI, fruto da globalização, possibilitou o rompimento de fronteiras por meio de tecnologias computacionais, softwares e uma releitura do sistema financeiro hodierno. Após o colapso financeiro de 2008, sobreveio o nascimento de uma nova forma de moeda, agora não mais física, mas digital, sendo um criptoativo revolucionário conhecido como Bitcoin, que em 2021 superou 1 trilhão em valor de mercado, ficando apenas atrás de gigantes como Apple e outras. O criptoativo proporcionou o fomento de debates sobre a liberdade de mercado, trazendo à tona a possibilidade de ocorrer transações econômicas sem interferência de instituições financeiras. Além disso, esboçando a dificuldade de compreensão do assunto, vislumbra-se a crescente utilização das finanças descentralizadas, que utilizam serviços monetários sem intermediários centralizados, configurando verdadeiras plataformas de empréstimos e corretoras, se posicionando como uma alternativa ao mercado tradicional. O ponto nevrálgico para a aceitação ou não das criptomoedas por parte dos governos está relacionado com a premissa de que as moedas digitais possam ser instrumentos para cometimento de crimes, em especial a “lavagem de dinheiro”. No Brasil, inexistia legislação que cuidava do assunto, entretanto em 2022 foi editada a lei n. 14.478, procurando regulamentar aspectos relacionados aos criptoativos, inclusive acrescentando dispositivos na legislação criminal. Assim, observa-se dicotomia no cenário atual envolvendo criptomoedas: de um lado, existe a tendência de regulamentação, restringindo a liberdade financeira; e, de outro, expansão do livre comércio e a liberdade econômica. Em ambos os casos, existe uma necessidade de especialização das autoridades, no sentido de possibilitar a utilização da moeda digital no ciberespaço, bem como evitar fraudes financeiras aptas a distorcer o objetivo dos criptoativos.
El derrotero de la población afromexicana en el ámbito social de México
Authors: Cantú-Martínez Pedro César
Published: December 2023

Este manuscrito tiene como objetivo dar cuenta del derrotero social del pueblo africano y sus descendientes mexicanos, quienes ayudaron a concretar el proyecto de nación que es México y contribuyeron a configurar su identidad nacional. Así pues, se presenta un panorama histórico de la presencia de la población africana en este territorio, mediante una investigación documental enfocada en temas sociales y culturales, con el fin de identificar la cohesión de la población africana en los lugares en los que convivieron con indígenas y españoles. A lo largo de la historia, ha persistido una falta de reconocimiento social de los afrodescendientes mexicanos, al soslayar y olvidar las expresiones sociales y culturales que aportaron al país.
Configuración de Subjetividades Políticas en “Mujeresnegras”
Authors: Díaz Gómez Alvaro , Castillo Mosquera Diana Marcela
Published: December 2023

Este artículo tiene como objetivo comprender la configuración de las subjetividades políticas en mujeresnegras oriundas del corregimiento de Santa Cecilia. Para ello, adopta una metodología de investigación cualitativa, utilizando la autobiografía política como diseño metodológico, a partir de las narrativas de una lideresa social y el relato autobiográfico de la investigadora. Los resultados indican que en los relatos autobiográficos existen puntos de viraje en el desdoblamiento de las subjetividades políticas, los cuales son asociados a la movilidad, el destierro, las resistencias y las juntanzas, a través de procesos organizativos y comunitarios. Estos últimos se dan por medio de la construcción de sentidos subjetivos políticos asociados a la significación de experiencias referentes a las segregaciones sociales en términos de sexismo, racismo, territorialidad y clase social. Frente a estas, se evidencian sentimientos de rabia, frustración, miedo, amor, entretejedores de tensiones asociadas a procesos instituidos e instituyente concernientes al ser mujernegra.
Manuel Zapata Olivella: Más Allá de la Conmemoración del Centenario
Authors: Ferrer Franco Yury de Jesús , Pulido Niño Omar Giovanny
Published: December 2023

La relevancia de la obra de Manuel Zapata Olivella (Santa Cruz de Lorica, Córdoba, 17 de marzo de 1920-Bogotá, 19 de noviembre de 2004), se deriva de su calidad estética, que se concreta en una sólida y aguda voz narrativa que se despliega en temáticas controversiales que asumen la hibridez como una opción que se pasea cómodamente por la ficción, el ensayo, el libro de viajes, el diario y la autobiografía. Su narrativa literaria y los textos críticos que constituyen su legado a la cultura colombiana tienen un claro carácter universal que sitúan al autor en un destacado lugar de las letras nacionales y mundiales. Este artículo recoge de manera breve las características esenciales de la obra de este escritor y argumenta la importancia de su actualización en los contextos creativos tanto de la academia como de los otros espacios de la cultura nacional. Este texto hace parte de un proyecto de investigación independiente, actualmente en curso, titulado: Voces otras de la literatura latinoamericana en el que avanzan los autores.
DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR MANAGING THE PROCESS OF MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF EQUIPMENT IN THE PLACES OF ITS OPERATION
Authors: Chikhladze Z. D.
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the relevance of developing a decision support system for managing the process of maintenance and repair of equipment in operating organizations. Enterprises that carry out maintenance and repair of equipment in the places of its operation are faced with the problem of the complexity of forecasting, and consequently, making effective and informed management decisions. The problem is also aggravated by the fact that the methods used at enterprises, developed for enterprises of a centralized manufacturing type, do not allow to fully take into account the specifics of the work of enterprises carrying out repairs and maintenance in places of operation that have a wide geography and a great distance from the main control center. Thus, it can be concluded that the management methods used at enterprises providing maintenance and repair of equipment in operating organizations do not meet modern management requirements. In order to form a system that allows to increase the rhythm, productivity and efficiency in the use of enterprise resources that carry out maintenance and repair of equipment in its places of operation, a comprehensive study was conducted and decision support tools were developed that take into account the specifics of the work.
INFORMATIVENESS OF COMBINED HUMAN SEMEN ANALYSIS ON THE WAY TO CLARIFY THE CAUSES OF REPRODUCTIVE DYSFUNCTION: BASIC SEMEN EXAMINATION AND SPERM SEDIMENT CYTOLOGY (SSC)
Authors: Sapozhkova Zh. Yu.
Published: December 2023

Aim. To analyze the informativeness of combined human semen analysis using a basic semen examination & SSC on the way to clarify the causes of reproductive dysfunction.
Materials and methods. We examined 529 samples of semen sediment from men aged 18 – 59 years with infertility and male accessory gland infection (MAGI) between 2019 and 2022. Study was conducted in combination of two laboratory methods like ROSE (rapid onesite examination) which one of them is 1 – 'basic semen examination' and second one is 2 – 'SSC' (‘Basic semen examination+SSC’-ROSE).
Results. 15.13 % of all of patients presented normozoospermia, 1.25 % of them have SSC-markers like bacteriospermia (SSC-mB «+»). Outcomes of SSC-reports clarify that 84.69 % of all men have the diagnostic significant SSC-findingsand different combination of it; 69.75 % of them were SSC-mB «+». ‘Normozoospermia’ and ‘SSC-mB’ are associated, thus, the frequency of SSC-mB in the presence of normozoospermia is recorded as follows.
Conclusion. The combined approach ‘Basic semen examination+SSC’-ROSE, allows the doctors to exclude a missing in the laboratory algorithm for check-up in male with impaired reproductive function and identifying the causes of idiopathic infertility, the causes of which were mainly positioned as unspecified.
AUTOMATED COUNTING OF SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS IN LIQUID-BASED CYTOLOGY SAMPLES
Authors: Kasoyan K. T. , Shabalova I. P. , Sapozhkov V. A. , Churilova A. S. , Lubnin M. S. , Falkov B. F.
Published: December 2023

Cytologic screening is only effective with adequate material. The Bethesda System (TBS), an international system for standardizing the results of cervical cytology, establishes criteria for adequacy. According to the TBS, a sample prepared by liquid-based cytology (LBC) can be classified as adequate if it contains not less than 5,000 squamous epithelial cells.
There are methods of manual assessment of the cellularity of cytological samples. However, the uniformity of cellular material distribution of LBC samples makes possible the application of automatic tools for assessing the adequacy of the material based on the cellularity criterion.
This paper compares the results of digital LBC samples adequacy assessment using the automated artificial neural network method Vision Cyto Pap and the manual assessment method.
Analysis of the results of counting squamous epithelial cells in 506 LBC samples showed a significant correlation (r = 0.93) between the automated and manual method. The high diagnostic parameters (sensitivity = 93.8 % and specificity = 99.2 %) of the automated Vision Cyto Pap method allow to conclude that the algorithms of such a tool can be used to determine the adequacy of the cytological material by the number of squamous epithelium cells with sufficient reliability.
CALIBRATION OF THE PIEZOELECTRIC DYNAMOMETER KISTLER USING A MEASURING DEVICE BASED ON A SAMPLE COMPRESSION DYNAMOMETER
Authors: Karelsky A. S. , Maslov A. R.
Published: December 2023

Establishing the error values of instruments with other control instruments that give correct readings by identifying and documenting differences between readings is a common method. A description of the measuring device for direct measurement of basic properties of technological equipment characterizing the accuracy of force measurement by a laboratory dynamometer. A measurement method is used, in which the desired value is determined directly by the displaying measuring instrument. The device is reconfigured by changing the included modules.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF MODERN DATA ENCRYPTION TOOLS USING THE NAVEOL ALGORITHM
Authors: Pustovoy E. A. , Pustovaya O. A. , Glazyrin A. V.
Published: December 2023

The paper evaluates the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm NaVeOl_Cript_UNO in comparison with the most common ones. 1,49 GB data was encoded, the number of repetitions was 500. The BlowFish 2000 algorithm completed the encryption in 186 ± 1,5 s, the NaVeOl_Cript_UNO algorithm completed the procedure in 98 ± 0,6 s. The information processing speed using the NaVeOl algorithm is 1,9 times faster than using the BlowFish algorithm. The absolute encryption time for a file of 1,49 GB in size on one core was 22,37 ± 0,03 s, the rate was 66,6 ± 0,5 Mb/s. For each encoded byte, an average of 44 machine cycles was spent, which is 54 times faster compared to the A5/1 algorithm. The performance of the algorithm in the limit of 202 KB and above does not have a clearly defined dependence on the size of the encoded file and the polynomial function with a significance level of 0,95. The impact of the algorithm type on entropy was evaluated using a 100 000 KB file. The file is filled with null values. It was encoded using BlowFish and NaVeOl_Cript, with the key 0123456789. The compression ratio was used to estimate the entropy of the files. As a result of compression of the source file, a 6 KB archive was obtained. The result obtained shows that the algorithms BlowFish and WinRAR 6.02 x64 are significantly inferior to the algorithm NaVeOl_Cript in terms of reducing redundancy in the file and, as a result, increasing entropy and encoding complexity.
Wiara narodu i religijność w czasach zarazy – o przekształceniach pobożności Polaków
Authors: Klimski Wojciech
Published: December 2023

The subject of the article is the transformation of Poles’ religiousness. They were analysed along two dimensions: nationwide religiousness and the religious dimension of the COVID-19 pandemic. These are two spheres that (in Polish conditions) have a particular chance to activate religiousness. Catholicism is firmly rooted in the nation’s faith, and the plague was the threat that has so far driven individuals towards religion. Transformations in these two spheres are strong indicators of transformations in piety. The research method used is analysing existing research (desk research). The inference carried out showed that Catholicism is fading in these two dimensions. Among the reasons cited for this process, the article points to Poland’s developing social and cultural pluralism, and clergy sex scandals, among others.
Człowiek i nieskończoność. O rozwoju i porażce ideologii nicwięcyzmu
Authors: Szulakiewicz Marek
Published: December 2023

We encounter the idea of infinity at an existential, epistemological, and scientific level. Man has the understanding of being finite, and at the same time, this understanding takes him beyond it, towards the infinite. Thereforte, the problems of finitude and infinity have been an enduring philosophical issue. However, this did not just mean trying to get a grasp of it, but to include it in experiencing of the world. Infinity was the condition of possibility for our experience. The inclusion of this idea in our experience meant trying to go beyond this world and discovering another dimension. From the 17th century onwards, its slow loss as a condition of our experience was taking place. The result is an ideology of nothingbutism in which the ‘Fifth Dimension’ (J. Hick) is eliminated. The article shows the dangers of this ideology and its overcoming by modern science and philosophy.
Study on the reliability of nano-silver-coated tin solder joints for flip chips
Authors: Yang Hui , Chen Wenhui
Published: December 2023

The nano-silver-coated tin (Sn@Ag) paste was modeled using the method of the Anand unified viscoplastic constitutive model and elastic model. After thermal cyclic loading, the plastic strain of the solder joints increased cumulatively, while the maximum equivalent stress remained basically stable. The simulation results show that the maximum displacement occurs at the solder joint at the farthest end from the center of the chip, which is a dangerous solder joint. Using the finite element method and EPRI (the American Electric Power Research Institute) estimation method, the fatigue life of the nano-silver-coated tin solder joint is predicted to be 616 weeks, which is significantly higher than that of the nano-silver solder joint. It is indicated that adding a certain amount of nano-tin to the nano-silver paste to form a core–shell structure can improve the shear strength of the solder joint and reduce the plastic strain, thereby significantly improving the reliability of the solder joint. It is proved by experiments that the nano-silver paste is feasible for flip–chip interconnection. The research on this topic provides experimental reference and theoretical basis for the application of a new generation of interconnection materials in power devices and promotes the development and application of microelectronic packaging technology.
Abduction in Animal Minds
Authors: Shumilina Vera
Published: December 2023

Following ideas of Ch. S. Peirce on continuity of mind (synechism) and universality of semiotic processes (pansemiotism) as well as development of the understanding of manipulative abduction in works of L. Magnani the thesis of possibility of abductive reasoning in non-human animal minds is defended. The animal capacity to form explanatory hypotheses is demonstrated by instances of grasping regularities in environment, behavior of conspecifics and even self-knowledge. In the framework of debate on instinctual or rather inferential nature of abductive capacity questions of innate and acquired mechanisms of learning, the role of language in development of explanations and priority of inner (emotional) or outer (referential) perspectives in genesis of first explanatory hypotheses are considered.
Mammals Achieve Common Neural Coverage of Visual Scenes Using Distinct Sampling Behaviors
Authors: Samonds Jason M. , Szinte Martin , Barr Carrie , Montagnini Anna , Masson Guillaume S. , Priebe Nicholas J.
Published: December 2023

Most vertebrates use head and eye movements to quickly change gaze orientation and sample different portions of the environment with periods of stable fixation. Visual information must be integrated across fixations to construct a complete perspective of the visual environment. In concert with this sampling strategy, neurons adapt to unchanging input to conserve energy and ensure that only novel information from each fixation is processed. We demonstrate how adaptation recovery times and saccade properties interact and thus shape spatiotemporal tradeoffs observed in the motor and visual systems of mice, cats, marmosets, macaques, and humans. These tradeoffs predict that in order to achieve similar visual coverage over time, animals with smaller receptive field sizes require faster saccade rates. Indeed, we find comparable sampling of the visual environment by neuronal populations across mammals when integrating measurements of saccadic behavior with receptive field sizes and V1 neuronal density. We propose that these mammals share a common statistically driven strategy of maintaining coverage of their visual environment over time calibrated to their respective visual system characteristics.
Amphetamine Induces Sex-Dependent Loss of the Striatal Dopamine Transporter in Sensitized Mice
Authors: Bagalkot Tarique , Sorkin Alexander
Published: December 2023

Dopamine transporter (DAT) controls dopamine signaling in the brain through the reuptake of synaptically released dopamine. DAT is a target of abused psychostimulants such as amphetamine (Amph). Acute Amph administration induces transient DAT endocytosis, which, among other Amph effects on dopaminergic neurons, elevates extracellular dopamine. However, the effects of repeated Amph abuse, leading to behavioral sensitization and drug addiction, on DAT are unknown. Hence, we developed a 14 d Amph-sensitization protocol in knock-in mice expressing HA-epitope-tagged DAT (HA-DAT) and investigated the effects of Amph challenge on sensitized HA-DAT animals. The Amph challenge resulted in the highest locomotor activity on Day 14 in both sexes, which was sustained for 1 h in male but not female mice. Strikingly, significant (by 30–60%) loss of the HA-DAT protein in the striatum was caused by the Amph challenge of sensitized males but not females. Amph also reducedVmaxof dopamine transport in the striatal synaptosomes of males without changingKmvalues. Consistently, immunofluorescence microscopy revealed a significant increase of HA-DAT colocalization with the endosomal protein VPS35 only in Amph-challenged males. Amph-induced loss of striatal HA-DAT in sensitized mice was blocked by chloroquine, vacuolin-1, and inhibitor of Rho-associated kinases ROCK1/2, indicative of the involvement of endocytic trafficking in the DAT protein loss. Interestingly, an apparent degradation of HA-DAT protein was observed in the nucleus accumbens and not in the dorsal striatum. We propose that Amph challenge in sensitized mice triggers Rho-mediated endocytosis and post-endocytic trafficking of DAT in a brain-region-specific and sex-dependent manner.
Methoden der Unternehmensbewertung und ihre Anwendung bei M&A
Authors: Gleißner Werner , Meckl Reinhard
Published: December 2023

Mergers & Acquisitions (M&A), also der Kauf/Verkauf von Unternehmen bzw. Unternehmensteilen ist einer der wichtigsten Anlässe für die Bewertung von Geschäftsaktivitäten mit dem Ziel der Bestimmung eines monetären Wertes der zur Disposition stehenden Unternehmen/Unternehmensteile. Für den Zweck der Unternehmensbewertung werden in Wissenschaft und Praxis verschiedene Verfahren genutzt, die in diesem Beitrag strukturiert dargestellt und abgegrenzt werden im Hinblick auf ihre Anwendung bei M&A.
Steuerkraftmessung im kommunalen Finanzausgleich
Authors: Scherf Wolfgang
Published: December 2023

Neben den eigenen Steuereinnahmen bestimmt der kommunale Finanzausgleich die finanzielle Situation der Gemeinden. Die Finanzzuweisungen des Landes erhöhen einerseits die Finanzkraft der kommunalen Ebene und bewirken andererseits eine gleichmäßigere Verteilung unter den Gemeinden. Dieser Beitrag analysiert den Einfluss der Steuerkraftmessung auf die interkommunalen Verteilungseffekte des Finanzausgleichs.
Die Forschungssynthese
Authors: Hustert Frank , Ziemer Michael
Published: December 2023

Sekundärstudien stützen ihren Wert auf die Analyse von primären und anderen sekundären Forschungsergebnissen. Die Forschungssynthese stellt eine geeignete Methode dar, um wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse aus der einschlägigen Literatur zu extrahieren und umfassend zu analysieren. Im Beitrag wird der Charakter dieser Methode in prägnanter Weise umrissen, um einen Leitfaden für ihre Anwendung zu skizzieren.
Die Replikationskrise in der empirischen Wirtschaftswissenschaft
Authors: Bense Jonas Max
Published: December 2023

Der Beitrag setzt sich vor dem Hintergrund der steigenden gesellschaftlichen Bedeutung empirischer Forschung kritisch mit der anhaltenden Replikationskrise in der empirisch-quantitativen Wirtschaftswissenschaft auseinander (im Folgenden nur „empirische Wirtschaftswissenschaft“). Die besagte Krise äußert sich in zwei Teilproblemen: Erstens ist ein eklatanter Mangel an Replikationsstudien zu konstatieren. Zweitens können Forschungsergebnisse im Rahmen von Replikationen überwiegend nicht nachvollzogen werden.
Subjetividad y precariedad del trabajo en América Latina
Authors: Julián-Vejar Dasten
Published: December 2023

En el presente artículo se analizan diversos enfoques en la investigación de la subjetividad del trabajo en América Latina. Se presentan algunos antecedentes del estudio del trabajo en América Latina y algunos de los principales ejes de los estudios cualitativos sustentados en la relación entre subjetividad y trabajo en la literatura latinoamericana. A continuación, se pone esta discusión en relación con la precariedad del trabajo y sus especificidades en el caso de América Latina. Finalmente, proponemos algunos nodos que utilizamos en la investigación empírica del estudio del trabajo precario.
La virtualización del trabajo académico universitario y la nueva explotación burocrática
Authors: Bueno Gómez Noelia
Published: December 2023

La obligatoriedad de la virtualización del trabajo académico universitario durante la pandemia de la Covid-19 conlleva una serie de cambios, tanto relativos a la forma y calidad del servicio docente e investigador, las relaciones que se establecen con el alumnado y las comunidades en las que se inserta la academia, como relativos a las condiciones, requerimientos y modalidades de control del trabajo. Este estudio filosófico pretende responder a la necesidad de comprender la naturaleza de estos cambios. La virtualización modula y, probablemente, incrementa, una forma de explotación basada en la burocratización de las labores docente e investigadora.
Las primeras redes de apoyo entre mujeres juristas (1920-1975)
Authors: Díaz de Terán Velasco Mª Cruz
Published: December 2023

El objeto de este trabajo son las redes de apoyo entre mujeres juristas. El estudio se divide en dos etapas: la primera se centra en las redes que surgieron entre pioneras del Derecho hasta el estallido de la Guerra civil (1920-1936). Esta parte se detiene principalmente en las acciones llevadas a cabo por Clara Campoamor y Matilde Huici. En la segunda etapa se exponen las redes que afloraron desde que acabó la guerra hasta el fin del régimen de Franco (1939-1975). En este caso, el trabajo de Mercedes Formica y María Telo tiene un tratamiento destacado. En ambas etapas, la prensa escrita fue el altavoz a través del cual se proclamaron sus logros, sus fracasos, las muestras de simpatía y los rechazos. Por ello, las crónicas de los medios de la época sirven como hilo conductor de este trabajo.
La investigación jurídica: escolios para una revisión del estado del arte
Authors: Henríquez Herrera Ian
Published: December 2023

El presente artículo analiza críticamente el estado del arte sobre la investigación en Derecho, analizando filosóficamente sus fines y su naturaleza. En primer término, trata sobre la investigación en general, seguidamente, sobre sus desafíos específicos en el quehacer propiamente jurídico y en el contexto universitario actual. Está dirigido, muy especialmente, a jóvenes investigadores y a quienes dedican la principal parte de su labor cotidiana a esta tarea.
Las relaciones con los otros y con la transcendencia en La vida es sueño: enseñanzas para la sociedad actual
Authors: Barraca Mairal Javier
Published: December 2023

Se examinan los vínculos entre las relaciones que los sujetos establecen con lo transcendente y las que mantienen consigo mismos y los demás en La vida es sueño de Calderón. Gracias especialmente al proceso de evolución del protagonista, Segismundo, se ahonda en las claves de la maduración integral. Se exploran la actualidad del tema y sus enseñanzas. Se advierte que la visión de lo transcendente y de la propia identidad influyen en la forma de orientar las relaciones consigo mismo y los otros, a la vez que son influidas por ello. Se concluye el valor de articular un vínculo con la transcendencia y con la propia subjetividad que propicie encuentros intersubjetivos fecundos.
Capable d’erreur. Una hipótesis sobre la recepción del Nietzsche de Klossowski en el último Foucault
Authors: López Silvestre Federico , Mejide Casas Sergio
Published: December 2023

En su último texto, dedicado a Georges Canguilhem, Michel Foucault se desvió del que había sido su vocabulario habitual durante los años sesenta y setenta para introducir unas enigmáticas reflexiones sobre la vida y, especialmente, sobre el error. Este artículo intenta interpretar esas últimas palabras. Para ello, se rastreará la presencia en el pensamiento de Foucault de la noción nietzscheana de error a través de algunos pensadores que le influenciaron notablemente, como Maurice Blanchot y Pierre Klossowski. La conclusión pretenderá sugerir que su sintonía inicial con el nietzcheísmo de Blanchot se complejizará gracias a la lectura de obras como Nietzsche et le cerce vicieux y La Monnaie vivante, que le permitirán adelantar un sentido otro para la vida. Esta perspectiva será la que aflorará, de forma subrepticia, en su último escrito sobre Canguilhem.
El segmento narrativo en la novela La violencia del tiempo de Miguel Gutiérrez
Authors: Malpartida Robles Juan Miguel
Published: December 2023

Este artículo trata sobre el segmento narrativo en la novela de Miguel Gutiérrez La violencia del tiempo (LVT), de cómo este organiza el discurso narrativo; de cómo, a través de él, el significado y el sentido discurren libremente en la sucesión de los capítulos, organizados cada uno en dos partes. Es una visión estructuralista que valida la organización del discurso: la historia que el relato va contando en la novela. No prestamos atención a la estructura, sino al devenir de la historia, segmento narrativo tras segmento narrativo. A esta unidad de contenido la denominamos así, segmento narrativo, para incidir en que se trata de una entidad de naturaleza mensurable, en tanto expresión de un contenido, a pesar de ser solamente sustancia, no forma.
Carlos Germán Belli: un mudo feto habitando un hueco en la periferia
Authors: Castillo Cruz Sandro Jaime
Published: December 2023

Considerado el poeta vivo más importante de la poesía peruana, la poética de Carlos Germán Belli se caracteriza por sus reminiscencias clásicas y alusiones contemporáneas, que hacen de ella un encuentro siempre desconcertante. Esto ocurre, por ejemplo, con la figura de su locutor. En esa línea, este artículo pretende identificar las características de la representación del locutor en cuatro poemas bellianos: «Segregación N.° 1», «El valle de heces», «Sextina primera» y «Yo pese al paso de los años». Sostenemos que la intención del sujeto lírico de estos poemas es dar cuenta de su trágica unicidad en la sociedad moderna capitalista, que lo ha privado de una voz poética, política y lo ha desterrado a habitar los límites de la condición humana.
El testimonio poético de María Marián en el poemario "Como cuando se riega jacintos tiernos"
Authors: Tauma Romero Patricia Victoria
Published: December 2023

María Marián es el seudónimo de la poeta huancaína Raquel Prialé Jaime (1927), quien a sus 85 años de edad se atrevió a publicar su primer poemario, Como cuando se riega jacintos tiernos (2012). En el siglo pasado, muchas mujeres se cohibieron al escribir y publicar, porque no querían ser vulnerables al exponer parte de su intimidad ante una crítica parcializada. Una poeta del interior del país tenía que afrontar una doble discriminación, por ser mujer y por ser de provincia. Sin embargo, en este siglo se está avanzando en el proceso de una justa reivindicación1. Por tal motivo, el poemario de Raquel Prialé adquiere un gran valor significativo como testimonio poético de una vida intensa.
Una figuración feminista desde la focalización interior en el cuento El niño y la mañana de Laura Riesco
Authors: Mitma Chávez Daniel Enrique
Published: December 2023

Este artículo se ocupará de analizar el cuento El niño y la mañana de la escritora peruana Laura Riesco. Se estudiará en él, la focalización interior, una teoría desarrollada por el francés Gerard Genette que propone a un narrador circunscrito a la consciencia de un personaje. Además de Genette, se tomarán los estudios de Mieke Bal, Seymour Chatman, José Valles Calatrava y Eric Rundquist. Asimismo, cómo esta perspectiva permite conocer el subtexto que existe detrás del relato. Ello será visto desde los postulados de Ernest Hemingway quien desarrolló esto en su teoría del Iceberg y de los escritores Ricardo Piglia y Juan Villoro. Finalmente, se profundizará, en ese subtexto que guarda el relato, el discurso feminista plasmado en el personaje principal. Esto será analizado desde la perspectiva del filósofo francés Gilles Lipovetsky y la teoría de la Tercera mujer junto con los estudios de Mariemma Mannarelli y Cyinthia Enloe.
Pablo Guadarrama. Cultura integracionista en el pensamiento latinoamericano. Grupo Editorial Penguin Random House, 2021, 418 pp.
Authors: Avila Vera Roger Park
Published: December 2023

Doctor en Filosofía por la Universidad de Leipzig y doctor en Ciencias por la Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas, Pablo Guadarrama González acaba de ser reconocido con uno de los premios nacionales de la Academia de Ciencias de Cuba por su obra Cultura integracionista en el pensamiento latinoamericano (2021). La oportunidad apremia presentar tan valiosa publicación producto de un largo y continuo trabajo de investigación. En este libro encontramos no solo estructuradas las ideas originales que nuestro autor ha presentado parcialmente a través de los años, sino que reflexiona desde las nuevas circunstancias —por ejemplo, la pandemia por coronavirus— y, por lo tanto, sobre los nuevos peligros que acechan el integracionismo latinoamericano.
Carlos Rojas Osorio. Pablo Guadarrama González: filósofo latinoamericano. Editora Búho, 2022, 452 pp.
Authors: Valdivia Otiniano Giancarlo Jesús
Published: December 2023

La fuga del hombre —o de su razón— entendida, bajo criterios desarrollistas, ha sido antes que nada la piedra de toque hegeliana con la que se tamiza cualquier semilla del pensamiento latinoamericano que busca cuestionar el discurso de la Modernidad. Con un minucioso prólogo de Federico José Álvarez y un no menos inteligente epílogo de Ángel Morela Aguasvivas se nos presenta el texto Pablo Guadarrama González: filósofo latinoamericano de Carlos Rojas Osorio —-acucioso investigador de la vida, obra y trayectoria guadarramiana—, en lo que se constituye como el estudio más completo y, hasta ahora definitivo, del quehacer filosófico de Guadarrama (véase la bibliografía de sesenta páginas sobre los textos publicados por Guadarrama y sobre su obra).
Análisis de la temporalidad aristotélica desde la fenomenología de Emmanuel Levinas
Authors: Aguirre Jiménez David José
Published: December 2023

Este trabajo es una reflexión fenomenológica acerca de la concepción del tiempo en Aristóteles desde la diacronía de Emmanuel Levinas. Se toma la distinción acerca del tiempo en Husserl para poder establecer cómo —en el evento de esperar a otro (Aristóteles)— se manifiesta la indeterminación de la intersubjetividad. De esta manera, esto constata que Levinas y Aristóteles tendrían concepciones del tiempo desde la otredad.
Compromiso social, realidad y ficción: influencias literarias en La guerra silenciosa de Manuel Scorza
Authors: Soltero Gonzalo
Published: December 2023

En este artículo se abordará la relación entre literatura y lucha social, de la cual Scorza es un caso paradigmático, pues el abordaje de las revueltas andinas en las cinco novelas que conforman el ciclo de La guerra silenciosa y el punto de vista del autor lo colocan dentro de lo que se conoce como literatura comprometida. Al examinar sus novelas se vuelve evidente que la exitosa unión entre literatura y lucha social, entre compromiso y valores estéticos, se logra a partir del uso de ciertos recursos, especialmente de la ósmosis que logra entre ficción y realidad. Scorza muestra influencia de dos escritores en sus manejos ficcionales, Gabriel García Márquez y Alejo Carpentier, cuyas pautas para la obra del escritor peruano, sus diferencias y usos son aquí analizados.
Las humanidades y la inteligencia artificial
Authors: Quiroz Ávila Rubén
Published: December 2023

La inteligencia artificial (IA) y sus posibles consecuencias han puesto a pensar a mucha parte del mundo, incluyendo el académico. Hay planteamientos que van desde los efectos éticos hasta aquellas que leen este fenómeno como acciones de irreversibles impactos culturales. De ese modo hay dos sectores antagónicos que lo problematizan en tanto sus premisas como sus conclusiones posibles. Un sector sostiene que debe ser pensada más bien por sus dramáticas consecuencias apocalípticas y que pone en cuestión la misma naturaleza humana y su aceptada evolución, así como los parámetros con las cuales se comprende y organiza la vida humana; por otro lado, un grupo sustenta más bien que es una gran oportunidad natural para concentrar los esfuerzos operativos en la tecnología, por ello, sería un inminente y necesario escenario en la que los seres humanos acrecentarían sus posibilidades. Este es un antiguo debate surgido muchas veces en las comunidades que han sido de afectadas por dramáticos cambios en la que la tecnología ha jugado un rol decisivo.
A Phenomenology of Closed Society in “The Drowned Girl” by Antanas Vienuolis: Anthropological Profiles
Authors: Levina Jūratė
Published: December 2023

The inquiry formulates the fundamentals of the hermeneutics of narrative against the background of the history of reception of the work under examination, “The Drowned Girl” by Antanas Vienuolis, and draws on the relevant phenomenological descriptions and resources of structural analysis to foreground the operative mechanisms of closed society. Such mechanisms are foregrounded on three planes: (1) social, of the rules of relationships between people, which in the story constitute a hierarchal system of power relations modelled on the structure of the traditional family of the agricultural holding, (2) significative, comprising sense-making discourses (traditional customs and Christianity) whereby the culture, in this story, configures the world without transcending corporeally perceivable horizons of the actually lived present, and (3) anthropological, where sociocultural praxis and self-perception are grounded in the essentially unhuman nature which the culture tries to assimilate and erase without recognising its essential otherness. This threefold configuration emerges at the crossroad of the (author’s and reader’s) Modern and (the represented) archaic cultural self-conceptions, which produces the conflict of interpretations and facilitates both the cathartic effect and the ongoing process of sense-making. All these configurations are derived from the story’s poetics, simultaneously exposing the discursive operative mechanisms of closed society.
Laivo supimosi vizualizavimo uždavinys
Authors: Bielskis Andrius Antanas , Djačkov Vasilij , Ramašauskas Olegas , Seselskis Erikas
Published: December 2023

In this article the research and algorithms for calculation of longitudinal ship motion are evaluated. The program for ship's pitching and heaving modelling based of these algorithms is presented. Applying of this makes possible to determine ship's seakeeping characteristics mostly using data of the ship's bodyplan. It is created with Visual Lisp programming language what insures good visual results and good combination with the stages of ship design. The application can be used for training of naval architecture and informatics engineering students, and also in research field helping to create analytical models.
The investigation of possibilities to use open source virtual learning environments in general schools
Authors: Jasutienė Eglė , Markauskaitė Lina
Published: December 2023

The paper analyses possibilities to adapt and introduce open source Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) in general schools of Lithuania. First, it looks at general functions of VLE and defines its generic model. After that, the paper analyses four specific aspects of general education in Lithuania: National Curricula and Standards, age range of learners, compulsory attendance of a school, and the level of ICT development in schools. On that basis, it decides, which VLE's functional requirements are the most essential. Later, the paper investigates and compares the main features of eight worldwide popular open source VLEs. It looks, how the VLEs mach the needs of Lithuanian schools. It concludes that Moodle and Caroline software fit the best.
Linguistic analysis of virtual course's terminology
Authors: Kaklauskienė Danutė , Kaklauskas Liudvikas
Published: December 2023

A virtual course of computers architecture is analyses in the present article. A computer-aided set of words for this course is prepared. Results of frequentative analysis, according to methodologies of B. Davey and M. Bauman, show that analyzed text is of average complication. The analysis of usage of new terms shows that the text is not overloaded with unknown terms (only 3,455% of the whole set of words). On the ground of researches ofJ. Mikk and N.I. Gez we can state that the virtual course is not complicated as a student has to soak up 2.5 new terms during one academic hour. After carried out research, according to methodologies of W.S. Gray and B.E. Leary, we found out that too many long words and sentences are used, and this leads to difficulties when soaking up a new material. In summing up we can state that virtual course is of average complication.
Finding internal and situational differences between two knowledge bases
Authors: Paliulionienė Laima
Published: December 2023

The task of comparing knowledge bases can emerge in different domains. It is sometimes essential to com­pare knowledge bases created by different experts for the same goal, or different versions of a knowledge base after amendments. The article presents a method of the automated comparing of knowledge bases, and offers an approach to its implementation. The method uses forward inference and model generating. Jess, the expert system shell for the Java platform, is proposed as an experiment basis, and constructs of F-logic are modelled by Jess.
On joint universality for general Dirichlet series
Authors: Genys Jonas
Published: December 2023

There is not abstract.
Об одном простейшем интерполяционном процессе в классе аналитических функций
Authors: Kirjackis Jevgenijus , Kirjackis Eduardas
Published: December 2023

There is not abstract.
О некоторых кардинальных инвариантах экспоненты в топологиях Шаботи
Authors: Praninskas Gintaras
Published: December 2023

В статье исследуется взаимно-отношения между кардинальными инвариантами базисного топологического пространства с топологиями типа Шаботи, таких как вес, псев­довес, сетевой вес. Доказано что для экспоненты в топологии Вьеториса псевдовес экспо­ненты не превышает веса исходного пространства. Для локально компактных пространств вес экспоненты совпадает с весом базисного пространства.
Impact of home factors on students' reading achievements
Authors: Elijio Aistė
Published: December 2023

On the basis of PIRLS 2001 data, we consider the impact of factors characterizing the home situation of students to their reading literacy achievements. The data was analyzed for three groups of countries: Eastern Europe,  ``Northern'', and English-speaking countries. Parents' education, home educa­tional resources, and early home literacy activities have a similar influence in all these groups of countries, while the financial well-being of the family and the type of location of a school have rather different influ­ences in the groups.
Конусы и проекторы на них как примеры неортомодулярных логик
Authors: Melničenko Grigorijus
Published: December 2023

There is not abstract.
Influence of stochastic volatility for option pricing
Authors: Valaitytė Akvilina , Valakevičius Eimutis
Published: December 2023

The article analyzes three models of stochastic volatility. Investigation of influence of stochastic volatility for pricing options traded in the Vilnius bank is done.