bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RESTORATION OF A DEGRADED BOG HYDROLOGICAL REGIME USING SYSTEM DYNAMICS MODELING
Authors: Java Oskars
Published: November 2018

In scope of biodiversity and sustainable ecosystem development the restoration of the bog ecosystem is important, because by reducing the drainage effect on the bog, the negative impact on adjacent intact or relatively intact raised bogs and other wetland hydrological regimes is lowered. To restore a degraded bog hydrological regime, it is necessary to fill up the drainage ditches and cut out part of the forest stand. While researching scientific literature the author has obtained no evidence that there is a system dynamics model developed in order to simulate the tree cutting intensity in a degraded bog after filling up the drainage ditches with the aim to speed up the restoration of hydrological regimes, thus this approach is an innovative way of restoring the hydrological regime of degraded bogs. In previous studies the author concluded that the STELLA® system dynamics model is an appropriate tool to model the hydrological regime of bog. As a result of this research there is a STELLA® system dynamics model developed which through mathematical relationships helps to better understand the bog water cycle and to determine the consequences of any intervention on the bog ecosystem, primarily the effect of tree cutting. While running this STELLA® system dynamics model by changing the leaf area index, changes in the peat layer moisture level can be observed, which allows to predict the tree cutting intensity in order to reach the desired peat layer moisture level. By changing input data, this STELLA® system dynamics model could be used in other restoration projects of degraded raised bogs.
SELECTED CONTAMINANTS IN FISH AND MUSSELS FROM THE BULGARIAN BLACK SEA
Authors: Peteva Zlatina , Georgieva Stanislava , Krock Bernd , Stancheva Mona
Published: November 2018

The presence of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners, organochlorine pesticides and marine biotoxins in the marine environment is important for the evaluation of a potential risk to human health. The purpose of the present study was to determine concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (DDT and its metabolites) in three fish species and mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) and marine biotoxins in mussels from the Black Sea, Bulgaria. Concentration of six Indicator PCB congeners, DDT and its metabolites were determined by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The mean levels of I-PCBs ranged between 6.78 ng/g ww and 16.33 ng/g ww (garfish and bluefish respectively). The sum of I-PCBs in all seafood studied did not exceed the EU maximum level. Hydrophilic marine biotoxins determination was performed by HPLC with postchromatographic oxidation. Lipophilic marine toxins were determined on liquid chromatograph coupled to mass spectrometry. The analyzed marine biotoxins were under the limit of detection.
ANALYSIS OF CRITICAL DISASTERS IN BULGARIA BASED ON THEIR CLASSIFICATION
Authors: Simova Iskra , Petrova Tsvetelina , Velichkova Rositsa , Markov Detelin Ganchev , Uzunova Milka , Pushkarov Martin
Published: November 2018

Disasters caused by natural phenomena or human activities often occur in the Republic of Bulgaria. Their social and economic consequences can have a significant adverse effect on the development of the country and its economic growth, therefore disaster risk reduction is very important for sustainable development. This paper presents an overview of the main natural and man-made hazards in Bulgaria. A descriptive analysis of the critical disasters in Bulgaria for the time periods of 2003-2008 and 2010–2016 is made. The survey is based on the classification of the hazards. Existing statistical data is reviewed and analysed and, as a consequence, recommendations are proposed.
HALOTHANE (2-BROMO-1,1,1-TRIFLUORO-2-CHLOROETHANE) AS AN EXAMPLE IN THE DISCIPLINE “FORENSIC CHEMISTRY” FOR UKRAINIAN STUDENTS OF PHARMACY
Authors: Welchinska Elena
Published: November 2018

The quantity of pharmaceutical preparations, which are used in medicine and different areas of the economy increased because of the development of the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. These substances can caise poisonings in certain situations. The sources of poisonings are: sewage of industrial enterprises; pesticides (chemical poisons) for fighting agricultural pests; soil; vegetables and fruits;  chemical substances for fights against rodents and insects. The use of chemical substances in the economy increases the quantity of poisons as objects of forensic toxicological analysis. “Forensic chemistry” — is a science which studies methods for the isolation, purification, qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis of toxic and poisonous substances and their metabolites in objects of various origins:  animal and plant biological materials, industrial waste, emissions of waste water, the air of industrial enterprises, soil and agricultural crops, etc. The aim of this work is to study the importance of chemicals, namely fluorine-containing organic compounds, which are strong toxic substances, during the study of "Forensic Chemistry" throughout the academic period at the Pharmaceutical Faculty in Ukraine.
O Constitucionalismo Democrático ou Neoconstitucionalismo como ideologia vitoriosa do século XX | The Democratic Constitutionalism or Neoconstitutionalism as triumphant ideology during 20th century
Authors: Barroso Luis Roberto
Published: November 2018

O presente ensaio busca retratar os principais pontos que compõem o chamado constitucionalismo democrático, tendo em vista que se sagrou a ideologia vitoriosa do Século XX. Para tanto, o trabalho está estruturado em três partes. A primeira parte resgata noções centrais do constitucionalismo, sobretudo do modelo americano, que repercutiu diretamente no modelo constitucional brasileiro, bem como noções centrais do Estado constitucional de direito. A segunda parte se ocupa do constitucionalismo no Brasil. Aqui, são retratados os principais momentos da história constitucional brasileira e os avanços trazidos a partir da Constituição de 88, com especial ênfase nas mudanças de paradigmas que ela promoveu. A terceira parte trata do novo direito constitucional brasileiro, que está intrinsecamente ligado ao neoconstitucionalismo. Nesse momento, a análise recai sobre a mudança de perfil do Poder Judiciário e de que modo essa instituição passou a ser protagonista no nosso cotidiano.
O desmembramento da Constituição de 1988: constitucionalismo abusivo e fim do ciclo político democrático | The 1988 Brazilian Constitutions’ dismemberment: abusive constitutionalism and the ending of the democratic political cycle
Authors: Nunes Daniel Capecchi
Published: November 2018

A hipótese central do presente trabalho é a de que os mais recentes processos de transformação – sejam formais ou interpretativos – que a Constituição brasileira vem sofrendo nos últimos tempos estão intimamente relacionados com o encerramento de um ciclo político – democratizante – e a abertura de um novo ciclo – cujas feições ainda são incógnitas. Nessa linha, esse final de ciclo será relacionado com o exercício de algo que a literatura especializada tem chamado de “constitucionalismo abusivo”, associado com momentos nos quais a classe política usa os instrumentos constitucionais democráticos para tornar a constituição menos democrática. O resultado do apelo constante a esse constitucionalismo abusivo é um “desmembramento constitucional”, originado de uma tentativa deliberada de desfazer as fundações da Constituição de 1988.
O direito à terra indígena sob a perspectiva da CF/88 e dos direitos humanos e sua respectiva aplicação no caso Guyraroká em Mato Grosso do Sul | The indigenous land rights under the perspective of CF/88 and human rights and their respective application in the case of Guyraroka in Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Moraes Julia Thais , Araujo Silvia Dettmer
Published: November 2018

o presente artigo visa analisar a tese adotada pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) denominada marco temporal, empregada para solucionar os casos de demarcação de terras indígenas.  O referido marco normativo se apresentará sob duas perspectivas, a constitucional, utilizando a Constituição Federal de 1988 como parâmetro interno. E no âmbito internacional utilizará a Convenção Americana de Direitos Humanos como orientadora da temática na esfera dos direitos humanos, pois elege critérios legais a serem seguidos nos procedimentos que reconheçam as terras originárias. O diálogo entre a atual constituição e a esfera internacional se faz imperativa, em virtude do princípio da prevalência dos direitos humanos nas relações em que a República Federativa do Brasil seja parte previsto na atual constituição.  Princípio que culminou na ratificação do citado pacto normativo. O caso Guyrároka, referente ao povo guarani-kaiowá, situado em Mato Grosso do Sul será explorado, a fim de demonstrar como se deu a interpretação constitucional e também dos direitos humanos. Empregou-se o método exploratório, qualitativo e bibliográfico.
Democracia em um mundo multipolar | Democracy in a Multipolar World
Authors: Mouffe Chantal
Published: November 2018

Introdução; 1. Um modelo agonístico; 2. Para um mundo multipolar; 3. Qual democracia para um mundo “agonístico” multipolar?; Referências.
COMPORTAMENTO REOLÓGICO DA POLPA DE MURTA COM MALTODEXTRINA
Authors: Feitosa Regilane Marques , Figueirêdo Rossana Maria Feitosa de , Queiroz Alexandre José De Melo , Oliveira Emanuel Neto Alves de
Published: November 2018

A maltodextrina é uma substância de baixo custo e apresenta grande disponibilidade comercial. Para que os equipamentos industriais (como secadores por aspersão) tenham funcionamento confiável e seguro, requer-se conhecimento detalhado do comportamento de fluxo do material a ser escoado. Diante disso, o conhecimento das curvas de fluxos de polpas de frutas e de polpas adicionadas de agentes carreadores é útil no controle de qualidade, controle de processo, cálculo da energia utilizada e seleção do equipamento adequado. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar o comportamento reológico da formulação elaborada com polpa de murta integral, adicionada de água e 30% de maltodextrina (DE 14). A polpa integral, a polpa diluída e a formulação foram analisadas quanto ao seu comportamento reológico na temperatura de 25ºC, usando o viscosímetro Brookfield. Concluiu-se que os modelos testados podem ser utilizados na predição dos dados, com destaque para o modelo de Sisko e o Mizrahi-Berk. A polpa integral, a polpa diluída e a formulação são fluidos pseudoplásticos; a viscosidade aparente diminuiu significativamente com a incorporação da água à polpa assim como da maltodextrina. A adição da maltodextrina proporciona o aumento da viscosidade aparente da formulação quando comparada à polpa diluída.
FENOLOGIA REPRODUTIVA DA GUARIROBA EM JATAÍ-GO
Authors: Nunes Hellen Fernanda , Reis Edésio Fialho dos , Guilherme Frederico Augusto Guimarães , Pinto Jefferson Fernando Naves , Silva Danielle Fabiola Pereira da
Published: November 2018

O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar os padrões fenológicos reprodutivos, bem como o efeito das variáveis climáticas sobre as fenofases de Guariroba. O trabalho foi realizado em uma população remanescente de guariroba localizada na UFG, Regional Jataí. As avaliações foram feitas entre outubro de 2008 a novembro de 2009, totalizando 29 observações fenológicas. A relação entre as fenofases e as variações de um a três meses anteriores às observações foram testadas por meio da correlação de Spearman. Com base nos resultados, pôde-se verificar que as fenofases pré-floração e floração seguem o padrão subanual, ocorrendo mais de uma vez ao ano. Pôde-se verificar que a fenofase pré-floração correlacionou-se positivamente com umidade no primeiro, segundo e terceiro meses anteriores à ocorrência do evento, indicando que para esta fenofase a umidade pode influenciar na emissão de espatas. Notou-se ainda que a frutificação não correlacionou com as variáveis climáticas. Concluiu-se que a Guariroba apresenta fenofases em eventos de forma subanual, com variações na sua intensidade reprodutiva ao longo do ano. A fenofase pré-floração correlaciona-se positivamente com umidade no primeiro, segundo e terceiro meses anteriores à ocorrência do evento. A fenofase floração Feminina correlaciona-se positivamente somente com umidade nos períodos anteriores ao evento.
TAMANHO E FORMA DE GRÃOS DE FEIJÃO-CAUPI EM FUNÇÃO DE DIFERENTES TEORES DE ÁGUA
Authors: Gomes Flávio Henrique Ferreira , Lopes Filho Luiz Cesar , Oliveira Daniel Emanuel Cabral de , Resende Osvaldo , Soares Frederico Antonio Loureiro
Published: November 2018

Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, analisar o tamanho e a forma de grãos de duas cultivares de feijão-caupi em função de diferentes teores de água. O experimento foi desenvolvido no Laboratório de Pós-colheita de Produtos Vegetais do Instituto Federal Goiano – Campus Rio Verde (IF Goiano – Campus Rio Verde). Foram utilizados grãos de duas cultivares de feijão-caupi (Novaera e Tumucumaque). O teor de água inicial dos grãos foi de 0,12 b.s (decimal base seca), determinado em estufa com ventilação de ar forçada mantida a 105 ± 3ºC por 24 horas, em três repetições. A partir do teor de água inicial, os grãos foram umedecidos para obtenção de outros quatro níveis de teor de água (0,15; 0,18; 0,20 e 0,23 decimal b.s.). Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, analisado em esquema fatorial 2 x 5, com quinze repetições. Foram determinados a esfericidade, a circularidade, a área projetada, a área superficial e o volume. Os grãos foram considerados como esferoides triaxiais escalenos, após as observações das dimensões características de 15 grãos. Houve diferença entres as cultivares e os teores de água para os parâmetros analisados do feijão-caupi, de modo que a Novaera apresentou maiores dimensões se comparada à Tumucumaque. Conclui-se que as características esfericidade, circularidade, área projetada, área superficial e volume dos grãos são influenciadas pelo teor de água dos grãos.
The grey area in the practice of online journalism in China
Authors: Xu Tianbo
Published: November 2018

Considerable scholarly discussion, in broad terms at least, has focused on the disruptions that the Internet has delivered to journalistic norms and the changes to perceptions that journalists hold of their role. However, such discussion tends to emphasize the Internet as a globally used form of technology with a singular impact on journalism; it mentions only in passing that its understanding of this concept is mainly based on an Anglo-American model. This article explores Chinese journalists’ ideas about disruption in China. It finds that Chinese journalists use of the Internet falls within the margins of the censorship system, leading to a grey area surrounding the practice of online journalism within which certain specific constraints supposedly enforced by administration law and departmental policies can be broken without punishment. While working in this grey area signals a disruption of journalistic norms in China, the characteristics of this disruption differ from those found in western countries.
Constructive journalism
Authors: Dagoula Chrysi
Published: November 2018

Danielle Batist is a freelance journalist and editor who embraces an entrepreneurial and positive approach to journalism. She has lived and worked in several countries around the globe. In the fifteen years she has been working as a journalist, she has developed an interest in social change, which she pursued in her work as the editor of the International Network of Street Papers (INSP), reaching six million readers in over 40 countries, and which underpins her current focus on ‘Constructive Journalism’ – a project she co-founded in 2014. Drawing on a variety of behavioural and audience studies, constructive journalism can be defined as ‘as rigorous, compelling reporting that includes positive and solutionfocused elements in order to empower audiences and present a fuller picture of truth, while upholding journalism’s core functions and ethics’ – in other words, an approach that attempts to bring positive elements to conventional reporting. By using a ‘wellbeing’ model of the world instead of a ‘disease’ model, stories about what is working – rather than just what is broken – become part of the news eco-system. Last year, Danielle got involved in the re-launch of Positive News, founded in 1993 and re-launched in 2016 as a magazine. The publication showcases a new model for media ownership, as well as a new way to tell news stories. Owned by a community of 1526 journalists, readers and supporters from 33 countries, the magazine features ‘Constructive Conversation’, where thought leaders are challenged to find common ground; ‘Solutions Lab’, where forward-thinking responses to difficult social issues are unearthed; ‘What Happened Next?’ where stories reported upon previously are updated. All these aspects are highlighted in a conversation with Danielle Batist, who gives her insight on the discussed matters.
Making sense of innovative and disruptive news in the digital age
Authors: Dagoula Chrysi
Published: November 2018

Launched in 2012, Zetland (zetland.dk) is a Danish media company that approaches digital journalism as ‘a force of good’. Its mission contains a paradox: it is simple but simultaneously complex – not to make news but to make sense of it. Through its diverse practices that vary from daily publications in a custom-built platform to pioneering shows of ‘performed’ journalism, Zetland’s aim is to tell stories worth remembering that integrate audiences – as co-creators in all journalistic processes – to be able to distribute knowledge and build a well-informed community. Since their founding, a lot has changed. Although its core remained the same, Zetland recently expanded, raising two million euros, broadening its team with 25 new members and adding the publication of a daily in-depth digital newspaper, all the while experimenting with new paradigms of digital journalism.
Effects of spatial variability on soil physical attributes in areas cultivated with cassava prepared with different tillage systems
Authors: Da Vitória Edney Leandro , Fernandes Adriano Alves
Published: November 2018

The objective of this study was to understand the effect of the spatial variability of the soil physical attributes in areas cultivated with cassava with different soil tillage systems, using the techniques of classical statistics and geostatistics. The experiment was carried in 2013 in São Mateus - ES, Brazil, on a cohesive ultisol, with a plan relief. The preparation of the soil for transplanting were made in two adjacent areas of approximately 0.5 ha each, using up to two passes of a harrow disk or two passes of a chisel plow. The following soil physical attributes were studied 90 days after transplanting: soil density (DS), macroporosity (Macro) and microporosity (Micro), soil water content according to two preparations systems and two depth ranges. Eighty plants were randomly selected to perform the experiment. The soil physical properties resulted in spatial variability due to the strong dependence for all variables, tillage system and soil depth. The semivariograms were adjusted to the spherical and exponential models for the evaluated physical attributes. Except for water content, it was observed an increase in the range (A0) with increasing depth for both tillage systems. The soil water content presented a decrease about 23% for the harrowing and scarification systems.
Phenology of African mahogany plants submitted to irrigation
Authors: Casaroli Derblai , De Oliveira Rosa Flávio , Alves Júnior José , Pêgo Evangelista Adão Wagner
Published: November 2018

In the searching of forest species with good wood quality, easy adaptability and high commercial value, the African mahogany (Khaya ivorensis Chev. A.) have been a good alternative. This study aimed evaluate the phenometric responses of African Mahogany submitted to irrigation. The field experiment was carried out in Bonfinópolis-GO, Brazil, with young plants of African mahogany, being 5 irrigated and 5 non-irrigated. The following variables were evaluated: plant height, stem heigh, number of leaves and leaflets, stem diameter and leaf area. A completely randomized design was used in a bi-factorial scheme 2x9 (A: irrigated and non-irrigated; D: 0, 120, 180, 240, 300, 360, 420, 480, 540 days after transplanting). All the variables showed significant differences not only for irrigated and non-irrigated treatments but also for the times of evaluation, except for stem diameter. Irrigation resulted in higher growth of plants and the irrigation of young African mahogany plants should be used mainly in drought period.
Initial growth of tree species grown on salinized soil with conditioners
Authors: Araujo Josinaldo Lopes , Oliveira Saul Ramos de , Sousa Flaubert Queiroga de , Silva Alexandre Paiva da
Published: November 2018

The excess of salts and sodium is one of the factors that contribute most to the soil chemical degradation. Recovery of these soils requires the establishment of techniques using soil conditioners and more tolerant species. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of soil conditioners on the recovery of a saline - sodic soil and on the growth and physiological responses of tree species. Two experiments were carried out in a greenhouse, both using a completely randomized design. In the first experiment, five treatments were evaluated for soil correction: saline soil with no correction, saline soil + calcium sulfate, saline soil+ sulfur, saline soil + O.M. (organic matter) and non saline soil. The second experiment, consisted of a 4x5 factorial arrangement, with four trees species (Amburana cearensis, Caesalpinia ferrea, Cnidosculus philacanthus and Moringa oleifera) and the five treatments described in the first experiment, with three repetitions. Bovine manure, elemental sulfur and calcium sulfate decrease the salinity and sodicity of saline-sodic soils, especially the latter two, which attenuate the negative effects of salinity and sodicity on the photosynthetic rate of C. philacanthus, M. oleifera and C. ferrea, favoring the growth and dry matter production of C. ferrea and M. oleifera.
Quality and yield of yam tubers cultivated with green manure in the Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Garrido Marlon Da Silva , Soares Ana Cristina Fermino , Menezes Rômulo Simões Cezar , Sampaio Everardo Valadares de Sá Barreto , Souza Erik Micael da Silva , Macedo Bruno Lopes do Nascimento
Published: November 2018

Yam (Dioscorea cayennensis Lam.) is a promising crop for small growers in the Northeast of Brazil, but productivities are limited due to low fertilization rates. Green manure could be an alternative due to its low cost and high availability. However, there is little information available regarding the effects of green manures on the productivity of yam. The quality and yield of yam tubers, “da costa” variety, were evaluated under application of three different green manures and a control treatment: 1) yam intercropped with sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.); 2) yam intercropped with pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.); 3) yam intercropped with a combination of sunn hemp and pigeon pea; and 4) conventional yam crop system. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design, with four repetitions. The data was submitted to analysis of variance and averages compared by Tukey´s test at 5%. Percentage values were transformed into arc sen (x/100)0.5. Sunn hemp and the combination of sunn hemp with pigeon pea produced the highest green manure biomasses (3.8 and 3.6 t DM ha-1, respectively) versus 2.1 t ha-1 with the use of only pigeon pea. However, the N concentration was higher in pigeon pea than in sunn hemp (26 and 16 g kg-1). Intercropping with pigeon pea led to the highest yield for total tubers (33.1 t ha-1), for market quality (32.2 t ha-1) and standard exportation quality tubers (23.0 t ha-1).
Rambutan seed germination: temperature and storage
Authors: Andrade Renata Aparecida de , Bagatim Amanda Garcia , Nacata Guilherme
Published: November 2018

The objective of this study was to verify if the germination temperature, storage condition and period could influence rambutan seeds germination. The research were realized in two stages, corresponding to rambutan seeds storage management: after extracted from the fruits or kept in the fruits, until sowing. Storage condition were also evaluated: low temperature (10oC) and room temperature, being realized the sowing at 0 (control), 3, 6, 9 and 12 days after storage, at different germination temperatures: 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40°C. The seeds were placed in plastic containers with commercial substrate with pine, using four repetitions with 10 seeds for each. The percentage and period of germination were assessed. The experimental design was completely randomized and the data was evaluated by variance analysis, applying Tukey´s test at 5% of significance for means with significant difference. According to the results, it is possible to conclude that the best temperature for rambutan germination is 25°C and the storage can be realized with the seeds inside the fruit until the time of sowing, in up tol six days.
Can malaria protein fight cancer?
Authors: Mannaa Fathia Abd Elwahid
Published: November 2018

Cancer risk depends on a combination of our genes, environment and other aspects of our lives, many of which we can control. Surgery, radiation and chemotherapy are often effective at treating people with a solid tumor, but once the cancer has spread and formed tiny tumors at distant sites, chances for a successful recovery are dismal.Recently, it was discovered that the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum produce and present a malarial protein called VAR2CSA, which bind a type of sugar molecule exclusively found in the placenta. It was found that the exact same sugar molecule structure is also found in most cancer cells. Both molecules are a type of chondroitin sulfate. The VAR2CSA only adhere in the placenta and do not bind to chondroitin sulfate expressed elsewhere in the body. In tumors, placental-like chondroitin sulfate chains are linked to a limited repertoire of cancer-associated proteoglycans including CD44 and CSPG4. The recombinant VAR2CSA (rVAR2) protein localizes to tumors in vivo and rVAR2 fused to diphtheria toxin or conjugated to hemiasterlin compounds strongly inhibits in vivo tumor cell growth and metastasis.
Least limiting water range in Oxisols under different levels of machine traffic
Authors: De Vares Rossetti Karina , Centurion José Frederico
Published: November 2018

This work aimed, to evaluate the structural behavior of Oxisols based on the least limiting water range (LLWR) and establish relations with corn crop. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with five treatments and four replications. Soil samples collected at the layer of 0-0.20 m depth in a Haplustox (LVd) and an Eutrustox (LVef) were used. The compaction treatments consisted of T0= no additional compaction; T1 and T2= two and four passes with a 4 t tractor, respectively; T3 and T4 = two and four passes with a 10 t tractor, respectively. The range of LLWR variation in the LVd was the lowest one and varied from 0.01 to 0.04 m3 m-3, whereas in the LVef varied from 0.03 to 0.13 m3 m-3 for the critical soil penetration resistance (PRc) of 2 MPa. It was observed that critical bulk density (BDc) values were 1.76 and 1.40 Mg m-3 in the LVd and the LVef, respectively. The highest frequency of bulk density (BC ≥ BDc) occurred from the T1 to T4 (LVd) and from the T2 to T4, however, a reduction in corn yield was not observed. The determination of the LLWR was efficient and complementary for identifying more favorable or more impeditive conditions to compaction in the LVef for the corn crop development in relation to the LVd.
Linear relations among pigeon pea traits
Authors: Cargnelutti Filho Alberto , Facco Giovani , Santos Gustavo Oliveira dos , Alves Bruna Mendonça , Burin Cláudia , Kleinpaul Jéssica Andiara
Published: November 2018

The objective of this research was to evaluate the linear relations among pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.), cultivar BRS Mandarim, traits and identify the ones applied for indirect selection. Two uniformity experiments were carried out, in an experimental area located 29º42’S, 53º49’W and with 95m of altitude, selecting 360 plants per experiment, totaling 720 plants. For each plant, the number of nodes was counted and the height and stem diameter were measured, for ten evaluation times (62, 69, 76, 83, 90, 98, 104, 111, 119 and 125 days after sowing - DAS) in the first experiment and 18 times (44, 51, 58, 65, 72, 79, 86, 93, 100, 107, 114, 120, 128, 135, 141, 148, 156 and 162 DAS) in the second experiment. During plant flowering, i.e. the 125 DAS in the first experiment and 162 DAS in the second experiment, the fresh and dry mass for each plant was obtained. The sigmoidal model was adjusted and it was studied the relations among the traits through correlation and path analysis. In the pigeon pea crop, the stem diameter has a positive and linear relation with the fresh and dry mass and it can be used for indirect selection.
Dry season and soil texture affect the chemical control of monocotyledonous in sugarcane
Authors: Takano Hudson Kagueyama , Biffe Denis Fernando , Constantin Jamil , Oliveira Junior Rubem Silvério de , Braz Guilherme Braga Pereira , Gemelli Alexandre
Published: November 2018

The chemical weed control in sugarcane during the wet season is more effective than the control carried out during the dry season. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of herbicides in the rainy season and in the dry season in sugarcane crop, and in different soil textural classes. The experiments simulated dry season and rainy season basing on periods of days in which experiment was submitted to irrigation restriction. In each experiment, it was tested 50 and 100% of the dose of the main herbicides commonly used in sugarcane to control B. decumbens, B. plantaginea, P. maximum and D. horizontalis. In general, in dry conditions, as well as varying the soil texture, there are restrictions in the choice of herbicide to be used due to the reduced effectiveness of some treatments in certain situations. In the very-clayey soil, especially in the dry season, the efficacy of herbicides is better, whereas, for the sandy-clay-loam soil in dry conditions, the effectiveness of herbicides is restricted. Thus, this study, despite the great complexity of the variables to be analyzed, permitted to establish guidelines for decision making on the most appropriate herbicide to be applied in each studied condition, in order to control these weed species.
Changing in chemical and physical attributes of a sandy soil under irrigated mango cultivation in semiarid region
Authors: Lima Augusto Miguel N. , Cardoso José Alberto Ferreira , Cunha Tony Jarbas Ferreira , Rodrigues Marcos Sales , Hernani Luis Carlos , Cunha Jailson Cavalcante , Amaral Andre Julio do , Neto Manoel Batista de Oliveira
Published: November 2018

Accelerated land use changes have been observed in Brazil. In Northeast, the Caatinga (native vegetation) has been replaced by fruit production, especially by mango and grapevine cultivation. Land use changes, tied to management techniques, can change the soil chemical and physical attributes. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the impact of irrigated mango cultivation in soil chemical and physical attributes in relation to the native Caatinga in the semi-arid region. The study was carried out at Boa Esperança Farm located in Petrolina, Pernambuco State, Brazil. In areas under irrigated mango and native Caatinga soil samples at 0-10 and 10-20 cm depth were collected. After collected and prepared soil samples, it was determined the macro (Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, P) and micronutrients (Cu2+, Fe2+, Zn2+, Mn2+) contents, Na content, electrical conductivity, pH, exchangeable acidity (Al3+) and potential acidity (H+Al). It was also determined soil texture, bulk density, particle density and total porosity. The mango cultivation increased the macronutrient contents, as well as, the micronutrients except for Fe2+ content. The physical attributes did not show difference comparing irrigated mango to native caatinga.
Nutritional status of yellow passion fruit submitted to nitrogen sources by fertigation
Authors: Moura Regiana Dos Santos , Marques Adenaelson De Sousa , Santos Silva Elton Jonh , Da Silva Junior Gabriel Barbosa , De Sousa Tiago Medeiros , Da Silva Everaldo Moreira
Published: November 2018

Yellow passion fruit is the most cultivated species in Brazil and requires high amounts of nitrogen and an adequate nutritional status to express its entire productive potential. In this sense, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of different sources and doses of nitrogen via fertigation on nutritional status and leaf chlorophyll of yellow passion fruit. The experiment was conducted from June 2013 to August 2014 in Gurgueia Valley, Cristino Castro county, Piaui State, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications, in a 2 x 5 factorial design related to the application of two nitrogen sources (urea and ammonium sulfate) and five N levels (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 kg ha-1 year-1). Six plants per replication were considered, totaling 240 plants, spaced 3 m between rows and 3 m between plants, and covering an area of 2,160 m2. At pre-flourishing, it was evaluated leaf chlorophyll index and leaf nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sulfur contents. Urea increases Ca and Mg leaf contents and reduces leaf S content in relation to ammonium sulfate. The increase in nitrogen fertilizing levels enhances leaf N and Mg concentrations. For Ca, the optimal ammonium sulfate dose is 296.30 kg ha-1.
Productivity and rooting of olive mini-cuttings grown in a clonal mini-garden according to season
Authors: Casarin Josiane Vergara , Moreira Roseane Maidana , Raasch Carlos Gustavo , Timm Cari Rejane Fiss , Schuch Márcia Wulff
Published: November 2018

The mini-cuttings productivity in clonal mini-garden using the semi-hydroponic system is a promising technique for the olive propagation, to obtaining a satisfactory amount of cuttings and with good quality. The objective was to evaluate the mini-stumps productivity and rooting of olive mini-cuttings in successive collections at different times of year in a clonal mini-garden in a semi-hydroponic system. In each collection the productivity of the clonal mini-garden was evaluated counting the collected cuttings. The mini-cuttings were prepared with 3-5 cm long with leaf area reduced by 50% and placed in plastic boxes with vermiculite for a period of 80 days. The evaluated variables were: mini-stumps productivity, mini-stumps and mini-cuttings percentage of survival, rooting percentage and number and length of mini-cuttings root. The olive mini-cuttings presented higher productivity during the spring of 2014. The mini-cuttings rooting percentage collected during the evaluated periods demonstrated that mini-cutting is a viable technique for olive propagation when grown in clonal mini-garden using a semi-hydroponic system.
Agronomic characteristics of pumpkin fruits of “Tetsukabuto”hybrid as a function of 2,4-D doses
Authors: De Miranda Flávia Fernandes Ribeiro , Do Nascimento Ildon Rodrigues , Chaves Prínscilla Pâmela Nunes , Muraishi Cid Tacaoca , Dourado Daisy Parente
Published: November 2018

Due to the short flowering period of the pumpkin hybrid ‘Tetsukabuto’, a poor pollination may influence the fruit production. In thissense, the objective of this study was to evaluate agronomic characteristics of the pumpkin hybrid (Tetsukabuto) as a function of 2,4-D doses as phytohormonal inducer. The experiment was conducted in the field, in a randomized block design with four replications and five plants per plot. It was established with eight treatments, seven of them increasing doses of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (187.5, 200, 212.5, 225, 237.5, 250 and 262.5 mg L-1) and a control (flowers fertilized with pollen). At 110 days after sowing it was made a fruit harvest, evaluating the following characteristics: yield, fruit mean weight, texture of bark, fruit shape and cycle. The fruits mean weight, yield and days from planting to harvest with the use of 2,4-D were superior to natural pollination. Increasing the dose of 2,4-D resulted in an increase in yield and fruit mean weight until to dose 250 mg L-1. There was a reduction in the cycle culture with increasing in the 2,4-D doses.
Phytomass production and micronutrient cycling by cover crops in the Brazilian cerrado of Goias.
Authors: Pacheco Leandro Pereira , Fonseca Weverson Lima , Menezes Carlos César Evangelista de , Leandro Wilson Mozena , Assis Renato Lara de , Petter Fabiano André , Petter Fabiano André
Published: November 2018

The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of cover crops over the phytomass production, accumulation and release of micronutrients in the Brazilian Cerrado of Goiás. The experiment was performed in Rio Verde, GO, Brazil, installed in dystroferric red latossol, from April 2008 to April 2009. The experimental design was a randomized block, in a factorial scheme (4x6), by split-splot array, with four replications. The plots received the cover crops, and the sub-plots consisted by biomass evaluations in six different times. The evaluated cover crops were: Urochloa ruziziensis, Pennisetum glaucum and U. ruziziensis + Cajanus Cajan and fallow area as reference. For the assessment of accumulation and release of biomass and micronutrients, biomass samples were collected in six times, from the management desiccation of the cover crops at the final off-season. The species U. ruziziensis and U. ruziziensis + C. cajan stood out in accumulation and in the release of biomass and micronutrients in the Brazilian Cerrado of Goiás.
Biometric responses of third ratoon sugarcane varieties under variable water regime
Authors: Rodolfo Júnior Francisco , Ribeiro Junior Walter Quadros , Ramos Maria Lucrécia Gerosa , Batista Fábio Pedro da Silva , Lima Cristiane Andréa de , Rocha Omar Cruz
Published: November 2018

Water deficit is one of the main factors to limit sugar cane production. This paper’s goal is to characterize biometrically varieties of sugarcane under different water regimes. The experiment was performed using randomized design with three repetitions in parcels subdivided in time, in which three varieties: RB855156, RB835486 e RB867515 (plots), with absence and presence of irrigation (irrigated and rainfed - subplots) to which the plants were subjected, and data collection in six observations in time (50, 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 days after cutting - DAC), were the subsubplots. The following biometrics were assessed: mean stem diameter (MSD), mean tiller height (MTH), number of green and completely open leaves (NoFOGL), length and width of +3 leaf (C+3 and L+3, respectively), leaf area index (LAI), leaf area (LA) and productivity. The data were subjected to variance analysis and regression at p<0.05. The variety RB867515 was the one that displayed higher MSD, MTH, C+3 and L+3 biometric values, both in irrigated cultivation and rainfed; it was observed that there was a decrease in NoFOGL values per tiller when the varieties were grown in rainfed conditions; the RB867515 variety had higher productivity, not differentiating to the RB855156, and proved better suited to water stress during the beginning of cultivation cycle.
Organic fertilizer and irrigation in changes the chemical properties of a Fluvent and okra production
Authors: Mesquista Evandro Franklin de , Chaves Lúcia |Helena Garófalo , Melo Emanuela Candida , Cavalcante Lourival Ferreira , Alves Anailson Sousa , Lima santos Albanisa Pereira
Published: November 2018

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of organic fertilization on changes of chemical properties of a “Neossolo Flúvico Eutrófico” (Fluvent) and okra production, cultivated with and without mulching and irrigation depths. The experiment was installed in the Agroecology sector at Universidade Estadual da Paraíba. The treatments were designed in a randomized blocks using the 2 x 5 x 2 factorial, which  corresponding to two irrigation depths (100 and 50% of the crop evapotranspiration - ETc), five doses of cattle manure to increase the level from 1.8 % to 2.8; 3.8; 4.8 and 5.8%, in soil with and without mulching (plant residues), with four replications, totaling 80 plots with 27 plants per plot. 140 days after planting okra, soil samples were collected at each plot and chemical analyses were performed. The okra production was evaluated based on the number of green fruits and crop yield. The data were submitted to analysis of variance. The application of cattle manures to the soil between 4.8 and 5.8% and irrigation with 100% of crop evapotranspiration - Etc, with and without mulching, was suitable for the cultivation of okra under semi-arid climatic conditions, which provided increases in the chemical attributes of a Fluvent and in the okra production.
Packing, moisture and environment for conservation of ‘jabuticatree açu’ seeds during storage
Authors: Hossel Cristiano , Hossel Jéssica Scalet Alves de Oliveira , Wagner Júnior Américo , Dotto Marcelo , Pirola Kelli , Citadin Idemir
Published: November 2018

The objective of this study was to evaluate the viability of ‘jabuticaree açu’ [Plinia cauliflora (DC.) Berg] seeds according to water loss and packaging conservation conditions. Two experiments were carried out at UTFPR - Dois Vizinhos Campus, Parana State, Brazil. For the first experiment, the seeds were submitted to the hydro conditioning process by soaking in water during 24 hours with subsequently storage in a BOD chamber at 25°C for 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84 and 96 hours. This experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications of 50 seeds each. For the second experiment the seeds were separated into three lots: PET® bottles with lids, kraft® paper bags at room temperature and in cold storage (6°C±1°C). Each lot was stored during 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 days. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, in a 3x11 factorial (storage location x storage period), with four repetitions of 50 seeds each. Plinia cauliflora seeds present storage capacity of 96 hours at room temperature without loss of germination capacity, when previous hydro conditioning was carried out. Storage using Pet® bottles at room temperature for up to 25 days allows seeds viability.
Effects of calcium supply on soybean plants
Authors: Fioreze Samuel Luiz , Tochetto Cláudia , Coelho Antônio Eduardo , Melo Heverton Fernando
Published: November 2018

This paper aims to evaluate the effects that calcium application on leaves and flowers of soybean plants exerts on yield and yield components. Two experiments were carried out in the 2013/2014 crop season under field conditions. In the first experiment, two soybean cultivars – one of determinate growth habit (BMX Ativa) and another of indeterminate growth habit (BMX Alvo) – were submitted to calcium spraying with four nozzles (twin flat, twin flat fan, cone and hollow cone). In the second experiment, soybean plants (BMX Ativa cultivar) were sprayed with calcium on the leaves and flowers at R1 or R3 growth stages. Subsequently, the plants were maintained or not under a 50-percent shade protection during flowering stage. Calcium spraying on soybean leaves or flowers during the flowering stage did not increase pod set, number of seeds, or grain yield. The calcium content in soybean flowers is not affected by foliar application thereof.
Potato yield and metabolic changes by use of biofertilizer containing L-glutamic acid
Authors: Röder Cinthia , Mógor Átila Francisco , Szilagyi-Zecchin Vivian Jaskiw , Gemin Luiz Gabriel , Mógor Gilda
Published: November 2018

The identification of natural bioactive sources capable of enhancing yield gains on agriculture is a tool to promote sustainability. In this study, the effect of foliar applications of sugarcane molasses fermented by the bacteria Corynebacterium glutamicum, containing 30% (w/v) of the amino acid L-glutamic acid was tested on organically grown potato for two seasons. Four foliar applications at intervals of ten days were made using solutions with different concentrations of the fermented broth (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 mL L-1). Total and commercial potato yield and biochemical alterations on leaves at 50 and 60 days after planting were determined. The applications of the fermented broth promoted yield gains and changes in chlorophylls, carotenoids, nitrate reductase enzyme (EC 1.6.6.1) activity, delaying the senescence and improving the free amino acid and soluble protein content of leaves. It was concluded that the fermented broth was able of improving potato yield by stimulating the nitrate reductase activity.
Anatomical and physiological aspects of cucumber graft
Authors: Baron Daniel , Saraiva Gustavo Francisco Rosalin , Amador Talita Silveira , Rodrigues João Domingos , Goto Rumy , Ono Elisabeth Orika
Published: November 2018

The grafting of two cucumber scions (Cucumis sativus L.)—Taiko hybrid and Tsuyoi hybrid—onto a Tropical hybrid pumpkin rootstock (Cucurbita moschata L.) was studied. The study was conducted in a greenhouse. Plants grafted using the tongue approach grafting technique were compared with ungrafted plants. We evaluated the initial establishment of grafting through anatomical cuts on the region of union graft and examining leaves’ chlorophyll index (SPAD) and their levels of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll. The experimental design utilized randomized blocks and the data were subjected to variance analysis (ANOVA) and the Tukey Test at 5% probability. The results indicate that Taiko cucumber scions are best grafted onto Tropical pumpkin rootstock, since these exhibits early grafting establishment. Moreover, when compared to grafting using Tsuyoi cucumber scions, Taiko cucumber scions present higher SPAD index values and levels of chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll.
Plot size and number of replications to assess the vegetable matter in oat
Authors: Lavezo André , Cargnelutti Filho Alberto , Alves Bruna Mendonça , Schabarum Denison Esequiel , Silveira Daniela Lixinski , Chaves Gabriela Görgen
Published: November 2018

The determination of the optimum plot size in agricultural crops is important for obtaining accurate inferences in the treatments in question. This study aimed at determining the optimum plot size (Xo) and the number of replications to evaluate the fresh matter (FM) and the dry matter (DM) of oat and at verifying the variability of Xo among cultivars and sowing dates. Ninety-six uniformity trials of 3×3 m were performed and each assay was divided into 36 basic experimental units (BEU) of 0.5×0.5 m. The 96 uniformity trials were distributed in four cultivars and three sowing dates. At the flowering stage, FM and DM were determined in each BEU. Then, the Xo was determined in each uniformity assay, using the maximum curvature method of the coefficient of variation model. In oat, there is variability of Xo among cultivars and sowing dates to measure FM and DM. For the four cultivars on the three sowing dates, the Xo of 1.66 m2 and of 1.73 m2 are suitable to evaluate FM and DM, respectively. Four replications to evaluate the maximum of 50 treatments in completely randomized design and randomized blocks design are sufficient so that the differences among treatment means of 44.75% of the experiment mean may be significant, using the Tukey test at 5% probability to measure FM and DM in oat.