bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Designing Feedback Systems: Examining a Feedback Approach to Facilitation in an Online Asynchronous Professional Development Course for High School Science Teachers
Authors: Marei Amin , Yoon Susan A. , Yoo Jae-Un , Richman Thomas , Noushad Noora , Miller Katherine , Shim Jooeun
Published: January 2021

Many researchers have identified the need for a more holistic understanding of the role of feedback in supporting learning in online environments. This study explores how our design, development, and implementation of an online feedback facilitation system influenced high school science teachers’ learning in an asynchronous teacher professional development online course. We then describe teachers’ and facilitators’, i.e., feedback providers’, perceptions of the effectiveness of the system’s features for supporting participants’ learning and engagement. Our work also responds to recent calls for developing a more nuanced understanding of how the complexity of feedback influences learning and the need for more qualitative research on online facilitators’ and learners’ experiences working with new technologies. Results demonstrated that, despite the difficulty of analyzing the complex variables influencing learners’ interactions and perceptions of the feedback system, designing adaptive feedback systems that draw on the principles of design-based implementation research (DBIR) offer promise for enhancing the systems’ contributions to teacher learning.
Intestinal Chelators, Sorbants, and Gut-Derived Uremic Toxins
Authors: Laville Solène M. , Massy Ziad A. , Kamel Said , Chillon Jean Marc , Choukroun Gabriel , Liabeuf Sophie
Published: January 2021

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a highly prevalent condition and is associated with a high comorbidity burden, polymedication, and a high mortality rate. A number of conventional and nonconventional risk factors for comorbidities and mortality in CKD have been identified. Among the nonconventional risk factors, uremic toxins are valuable therapeutic targets. The fact that some uremic toxins are gut-derived suggests that intestinal chelators might have a therapeutic effect. The phosphate binders used to prevent hyperphosphatemia in hemodialysis patients act by complexing inorganic phosphate in the gastrointestinal tract but might conceivably have a nonspecific action on gut-derived uremic toxins. Since phosphorous is a major nutrient for the survival and reproduction of bacteria, changes in its intestinal concentration may impact the gut microbiota’s activity and composition. Furthermore, AST-120 is an orally administered activated charcoal adsorbent that is widely used in Asian countries to specifically decrease uremic toxin levels. In this narrative review, we examine the latest data on the use of oral nonspecific and specific intestinal chelators to reduce levels of gut-derived uremic toxins.
Superfluid Neutron Matter with a Twist
Authors: Palkanoglou Georgios , Gezerlis Alexandros
Published: January 2021

Superfluid neutron matter is a key ingredient in the composition of neutron stars. The physics of the inner crust are largely dependent on those of its S-wave neutron superfluid, which has made its presence known through pulsar glitches and modifications in neutron star cooling. Moreover, with recent gravitational-wave observations of neutron star mergers, the need for an equation of state for the matter of these compact stars is further accentuated and a model-independent treatment of neutron superfluidity is important. Ab initio techniques developed for finite systems can be guided to perform extrapolations to the thermodynamic limit and attain this model-independent extraction of various quantities of infinite superfluid neutron matter. To inform such an extrapolation scheme, we performed calculations of the neutron 1S0 pairing gap using model-independent odd–even staggering in the context of the particle-conserving, projected Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer (BCS) theory under twisted boundary conditions. While the practice of twisted boundary conditions is standard in solid-state physics and has been used repeatedly in the past to reduce finite-size effects, this is the first time that it has been employed in the context of pairing. We find that a twist-averaging approach results in a substantial reduction of the finite-size effects, bringing systems with N⪆50 within a 2% error margin from the infinite system. This can significantly reduce extrapolation-related errors in the extraction of superfluid neutron matter quantities.
HIV-1: To Splice or Not to Splice, That Is the Question
Authors: Emery Ann , Swanstrom Ronald
Published: January 2021

The transcription of the HIV-1 provirus results in only one type of transcript—full length genomic RNA. To make the mRNA transcripts for the accessory proteins Tat and Rev, the genomic RNA must completely splice. The mRNA transcripts for Vif, Vpr, and Env must undergo splicing but not completely. Genomic RNA (which also functions as mRNA for the Gag and Gag/Pro/Pol precursor polyproteins) must not splice at all. HIV-1 can tolerate a surprising range in the relative abundance of individual transcript types, and a surprising amount of aberrant and even odd splicing; however, it must not over-splice, which results in the loss of full-length genomic RNA and has a dramatic fitness cost. Cells typically do not tolerate unspliced/incompletely spliced transcripts, so HIV-1 must circumvent this cell policing mechanism to allow some splicing while suppressing most. Splicing is controlled by RNA secondary structure, cis-acting regulatory sequences which bind splicing factors, and the viral protein Rev. There is still much work to be done to clarify the combinatorial effects of these splicing regulators. These control mechanisms represent attractive targets to induce over-splicing as an antiviral strategy. Finally, splicing has been implicated in latency, but to date there is little supporting evidence for such a mechanism. In this review we apply what is known of cellular splicing to understand splicing in HIV-1, and present data from our newer and more sensitive deep sequencing assays quantifying the different HIV-1 transcript types.
Viral Evasion of RIG-I-Like Receptor-Mediated Immunity through Dysregulation of Ubiquitination and ISGylation
Authors: Chiang Cindy , Liu Guanqun , Gack Michaela U.
Published: January 2021

Viral dysregulation or suppression of innate immune responses is a key determinant of virus-induced pathogenesis. Important sensors for the detection of virus infection are the RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs), which, in turn, are antagonized by many RNA viruses and DNA viruses. Among the different escape strategies are viral mechanisms to dysregulate the post-translational modifications (PTMs) that play pivotal roles in RLR regulation. In this review, we present the current knowledge of immune evasion by viral pathogens that manipulate ubiquitin- or ISG15-dependent mechanisms of RLR activation. Key viral strategies to evade RLR signaling include direct targeting of ubiquitin E3 ligases, active deubiquitination using viral deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), and the upregulation of cellular DUBs that regulate RLR signaling. Additionally, we summarize emerging new evidence that shows that enzymes of certain coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of the current COVID-19 pandemic, actively deISGylate key molecules in the RLR pathway to escape type I interferon (IFN)-mediated antiviral responses. Finally, we discuss the possibility of targeting virally-encoded proteins that manipulate ubiquitin- or ISG15-mediated innate immune responses for the development of new antivirals and vaccines.
Mapping Center Pivot Irrigation Systems in the Southern Amazon from Sentinel-2 Images
Authors: Tang Jiwen , Arvor Damien , Corpetti Thomas , Tang Ping
Published: January 2021

Irrigation systems play an important role in agriculture. Center pivot irrigation systems are popular in many countries as they are labor-saving and water consumption efficient. Monitoring the distribution of center pivot irrigation systems can provide important information for agricultural production, water consumption and land use. Deep learning has become an effective method for image classification and object detection. In this paper, a new method to detect the precise shape of center pivot irrigation systems is proposed. The proposed method combines a lightweight real-time object detection network (PVANET) based on deep learning, an image classification model (GoogLeNet) and accurate shape detection (Hough transform) to detect and accurately delineate center pivot irrigation systems and their associated circular shape. PVANET is lightweight and fast and GoogLeNet can reduce the false detections associated with PVANET, while Hough transform can accurately detect the shape of center pivot irrigation systems. Experiments with Sentinel-2 images in Mato Grosso achieved a precision of 95% and a recall of 95.5%, which demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method. Finally, with the accurate shape of center pivot irrigation systems detected, the area of irrigation in the region was estimated.
Secagem da madeira de Hovenia dulcis e Eucalyptus tereticornis em forno micro-ondas com diferentes potências de temperatura
Authors: Talgatti Maiara , Baldin Talita , Santini Elio José , Rosso Silviana , Oliveira Laura Hoffmann , Valcorte Guilherme
Published: January 2021

A secagem da madeira utilizando micro-ondas é recente no Brasil e, por isso, mais pesquisas devem ser exploradas no sentido de melhor conhecimento e divulgação desta tecnologia. O objetivo do trabalho foi comparar a secagem da madeira de Hovenia dulcis e Eucalyptus tereticornis em forno micro-ondas com diferentes potências de temperatura. Amostras foram submetidas a secagem em micro-ondas com 50% e 100% da potência de temperatura. Avaliou-se o teor de umidade, a taxa de secagem e o gradiente de umidade. Observou-se que Hovenia dulcis, mesmo apresentando maior umidade inicial conseguiu atingir o teor de umidade final em menor tempo. A taxa de secagem para esta espécie também apontou melhores resultados, indicando que a água flui rapidamente, mesmo com a madeira apresentando mais que o dobro de umidade em relação à Eucalyptus tereticornis. Os gradientes de umidades para Eucalyptus tereticornis manifestaram valores negativos, indicando que a parte interna das peças estavam mais secas que a parte externa, refletindo uma das principais características da secagem por micro-ondas, que é o aquecimento de dentro para fora, gerando calor diretamente no centro da madeira. Por fim, em ambas as potências de temperaturas, observou-se que a madeira de Eucalyptus tereticornis apresentou maior dificuldade de secagem em comparação a Hovenia dulcis, assinalando a dificuldade na secagem de eucaliptos.
Biodeterioração e propriedades colorimétricas da madeira de Maclura tinctoria
Authors: FREITAS DANILO LEÃO DE , CARVALHO DOUGLAS EDSON , HASELEIN CLÓVIS ROBERTO , PEDRAZZI CRISTIANI , COLDEBELLA RODRIGO , DALLA COSTA HENRIQUE WEBER , MACHADO SABRINA FINATTO
Published: January 2021

Os fungos apodrecedores são agentes bióticos que, além da alteração de cor, causam deterioração e estão entre os maiores desvalorizadores de produtos à base de madeira. Nesse contexto, o trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a perda de massa e a alteração da cor do cerne e do alburno da madeira de Maclura tinctoria (Tajuva), submetida a ensaio acelerado com os fungos Gloeophyllum trabeum (podridão parda) e Pycnoporus sanguineus (podridão branca). As amostras foram avaliadas quanto à resistência natural via análise da perda de massa após exposição a fungos apodrecedores. Com um colorímetro, através do sistema de medições Cielab, obteve-se as variáveis: luminosidade (L), coordenadas cromáticas (a* e b*), saturação (C), ângulo de tinta (h*) e calculado a variação total da cor (∆E*).  O cerne de Maclura tinctoria apresentou elevada resistência aos fungos apodrecedores com perdas de massa de 1,52% para Pycnoporus sanguineus e de 0,96% para Gloeophyllum trabeum. O fungo Pycnoporus sanguineus deteriorou a madeira de alburno e cerne com maior intensidade e alterou a cor natural de branco-acinzentado/ amarelo para amarelo-claro. A variação total na cor da madeira foi considerável e com maior representatividade para o cerne.
Propriedades físicas da madeira de cinco espécies nativas da caatinga
Authors: Farias Daniel Tavares de , Melo Rafael Rodolfo
Published: January 2021

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo realizar a caracterização das propriedades físicas da madeira de cinco espécies nativas da Caatinga. As espécies avaliadas foram aroeira (Myracrodruon urundeuva), angico branco (Anadenanthera colubrina), canafistula (Senna trachypus), cedro (Cedrela odorata) e cumaru (Amburana cearensis). Para realização desta pesquisa, foram utilizadas 28 amostras de cada com dimensões de 2,0 x 3,0 x 4,0 cm nos sentidos radial, tangencial e longitudinal, respectivamente. Foram realizados testes físicos para determinação da massa específica básica, dos coeficientes de contração linear nos eixos tangencial, radial, contração volumétrica e fator de anisotropia. A madeira de cumaru foi a que apresentou a maior densidade e, a menor foi observada para madeira de cedro. Para os testes de contração, as madeiras de aroeira, cedro e cumaru foram as que apresentaram a maior estabilidade, podendo ser usadas como matéria prima de produtos que exijam da madeira sólida elevada qualidade quanto à variação de suas dimensões. A madeira de angico branco apresenta potencial para ser empregada para fins estruturais, devido à sua elevada massa específica. Já a canafistula, por se tratar de uma madeira leve, é mais adequada para caixotaria.
Häckningsmiljöns betydelse för häckningsframgången hos havsfiskande smålom Gavia stellata i Västerbotten
Authors: Skyllberg Ulf , Lessman Joakim , Hansson Per
Published: January 2021

In Sweden sea-foraging Red-throated Divers are found only in the north-eastern part, along the Gulf of Bothnia and the Bothian Bay. The breeding biology of these possibly 100–200 pairs is virtually unknown. In this study, the breeding success of 15 pairs of these birds was related to lake and nesting site characteristics. During the years 1993–1998, a total of 53 initiated incubations were recorded in 14 different lakes within a 400 km2 area. Out of a total of 43 well-grown young (28 incubations) all except 5 (3 incubations) were with certainty hatched in nests located on small islets or on floating Spaghnum spp. moss mats. The overall breeding success, expressed as non-fledged, half-grown chicks (large young) per incubation, was 0.81. The breeding success was significantly lower (0.01<p<0.05, Kruskal-Wallis followed by Dunn’s test) in bog-type mire lakes (0.33 young per incubation) than in lakes with a mosaic character of open water, high-grown Carex vegetation and Spaghnum moss mats (0.94 young per incubation). Also in forest lakes, formed in depressions of glacial till, the production was higher than in mire lakes (1.09 young per incubation). It was found that a dense cover of high vegetation close to the nest was the most important factor for the breeding success (p<0.01, Spearman’s rS), whereas distance between the nest and the shore showed a weak statistical significance (0.05<p<0.10). On a lake level scale, it was found that breeding success increased with decreasing percentage open water (i.e. increasing mosaic character, p<0.01, Spearman’s rS) whereas the absolute size of the lake (0.26 to 15.9 ha), maximum distance over open water and distance to the sea (0.3 to 4.0 km) did not seem to affect the breeding success. The influence of predation and yearly fluctuations in lake water level on breeding success are discussed.
Equation Including Local Fractional Derivative and Neumann Boundary Conditions
Authors: ÇETİNKAYA Süleyman , DEMİR Ali
Published: January 2021

The aim of this study to discuss the construction of the solution of fractional partial differential equations (FPDEs) with initial and boundary conditions. Since the homogenous initial boundary value problem involves local fractional-order derivative, it has classical initial and boundary conditions. By means of the separation of variables method (SVM) and the inner product on L^2\left[0,l\right], we construct the solution in this series form in terms of eigenfunctions of related Sturm-Liouville problem. An illustrative example presents the applicability and influence of the separation of variables method on fractional mathematical problems.
DESCRIÇÃO ANATOMO-ULTRASSONOGRÁFICA DO CARPO EQUINO
Authors: Mendonça Zanella Cecconi Cardoso Isabella , Maria de Vasconcelos Machado Vânia , Fernades Viana Gustavo , Luís Filadelpho André , Hataka Alessandre
Published: January 2021

O carpo equino é uma região anatômica que apresenta relevância clínica e cirúrgica aos veterinários, sendo o ultrassom uma modalidade de exame complementar útil para auxiliar no diagnóstico de afecções que envolvem as principais estruturas desta articulação. Devido à escassez de trabalhos que ilustrem os aspectos morfológicos da articulação cárpica hígida e também por consequência de sua alta complexidade, foi objetivo deste trabalho apresentar uma minuciosa descrição anátomo-ultrassonográfica comparada do carpo equino. Na primeira etapa deste estudo, foram utilizadas peças anatômicas provenientes de membros torácicos equinos de modo a priorizar estruturas de maior importância clínica dos aspectos dorsal, palmar, lateral e medial da articulação cárpica. Na segunda etapa, através do exame por ultrassonografia de dois cavalos, foram geradas imagens longitudinais e transversais das estruturas alvo para o estudo anatômico, as quais foram avaliadas quanto à espessura, ecogenicidade e ecotextura. A partir desses dois estudos, foi realizada a correlação das estruturas macroscópicas das peças com suas respectivas representações ultrassonográficas, levando ao desenvolvimento de imagens didáticas aliadas às descrições das estruturas musculoesqueléticas da articulação cárpica, de modo a auxiliar no estudo desta região.
La apertura de la legislación boliviana a la solución por arbitraje de conflictos que podrían ser calificados como delitos
Authors: Zenteno Santivañez Francisco Fermin
Published: January 2021

La Constitución Política promulgada en 2009 define a Bolivia como un Estado que promueve el diálogo y la cultura de paz. Consecuentemente, el 2015 se promulgó la Ley de Conciliación y Arbitraje, a fin de fomentar dicha cultura de paz y aligerar la carga procesal. Paralelamente, el sistema penal arrastra una profunda crisis, la cual se evidencia en la sobrecarga procesal y la retardación de justicia. En virtud a dichos antecedentes, la posibilidad de resolver por arbitraje conflictos susceptibles de ser calificados como delitos fue objeto de múltiple análisis dentro de la jurisprudencia constitucional, existiendo líneas jurisprudenciales contradictorias en cuanto a dicha posibilidad, como consecuencia de su antagonismo con el principio de legalidad procesal. Por tanto, esta investigación pretende determinar si de conformidad con la legislación vigente se podría plantear la aplicación del arbitraje para dirimir los mencionados conflictos, además de analizar la necesidad y los beneficios que tendría la medida dentro del contexto nacional. En ese sentido, se determinó que el arbitraje es acorde a los principios y límites establecidos por la legislación vigente y su utilización supondría grandes beneficios; consecuentemente, se recomienda su aplicación en aquellos delitos que no supongan la afectación de los bienes jurídicos más importantes.
Objetos que nos encaram: apontamentos sobre as relações entre sujeito e objeto no contexto da colonização das Américas
Authors: Motta Veiga Felipe
Published: January 2021

O artigo toma como pano de fundo o contexto político-cultural da colonização das Américas, nos séculos XVI e XVII, para refletir sobre diferentes modos de conceber as categorias de sujeito e objeto, tão fundamentais à racionalidade ocidental. Em vez de operar com uma dicotomia que situaria, em polos opostos, uma concepção europeia cristã e uma concepção ameríndia, a proposta é indicar pontos de convergência e de divergência entre tais concepções, sobretudo no que diz respeito ao olhar dirigido por esses povos, o europeu cristão e o ameríndio, às imagens que circulam no interior de suas sociedades. O fio condutor da reflexão é o “Sermão do Espírito Santo”, de Antônio Vieira. Se por um lado o procedimento discursivo do jesuíta passa por objetificar os indígenas brasileiros, privando-os de interioridade ou de espírito, por outro, o mesmo sermão, quando lido a partir de noções vigentes no pensamento ameríndio, como aquelas referidas por Eduardo Viveiros de Castro (2002, 2006) e Diana Taylor (2013), pode sugerir um sentido não pejorativo a essa objetificação. Sustenta-se aqui, portanto, que o texto de Vieira, escrito e veiculado com intenções específicas, é todavia capaz de se desviar das intenções de seu próprio autor, caso o interpretemos desde outro ângulo.
Vida e Morte dos Santiagos: o realismo mágico na construção de uma nova consciência em Mário Ventura
Authors: Ana Saldanha
Published: January 2021

Vida e Morte dos Santiagos, romance de Mário Ventura publicado em 1985, alegoriza o tempo histórico português recente, graças a um processo de criação literária em que a ficcionalidade cruza e dialoga com a realidade histórica. Crónica mágica do nascimento e decadência de uma aldeia imaginária, num Alentejo de sofrimento e de luta, a narrativa assume-se como uma reflexão sobre o passado recente do tempo de escrita da narrativa, para tal recorrendo a elementos do realismo mágico e do maravilhoso, típicos das narrativas sul-americanas. Pretendemos, deste modo, compreender o processo de construção de uma narrativa que, recorrendo a topoi da literatura realista mágica e maravilhosa, reflete sobre a História recente de um país que viveu sob uma ditadura de 48 anos, libertado a 25 de Abril de 1974, graças à eclosão de uma Revolução que introduziria reformas profundas no espaço agrícola das terras alentejanas do sul.
As línguas e as culturas indígenas: representações literárias e realidade linguística
Authors: Casanova Pere Comellas
Published: January 2021

As identidades coletivas sempre foram altamente complexas, apesar da tendência geral à simplificação que nossas categorias lhes tentam impor. O contato intercultural e interlinguístico se constitui num fator ao mesmo tempo clarificador - desde que oferece uma alteridade evidente com a qual se confrontar - e complexificador - no sentido de que possibilita a hibridação e as identificações múltiplas. Talvez não exista uma situação mais prototípica de contato e confronto brusco, violento, cortante, que a colonização moderna. Diversos povos europeus iniciam no século xvi umas invasões legitimadas não só pela força militar como também por um discurso de suposta superioridade cultural e religiosa. Um movimento que impulsa uma nova representação do mundo e de seus habitantes produto das novas experiências tanto quanto das expetativas prévias e das projeções interessadas. Um exemplo paradigmático disso é o próprio conceito (e a própria palavra) de «índio» ou «indígena».A denominação de índio ou indígena responde claramente à criação de uma categoria unificadora de uma alteridade percebida pelos intérpretes europeus como radical e uma respeito da própria autorrepresentação. A imensa diversidade dos povos habitantes da América antes da colonização é assim drasticamente reduzida e condensada em um só conceito que ainda por cima carrega significativamente a expectativa da viagem europeia: afinal a etimologia de «indígena» é nascido na Índia.Essa enorme diversidade unificada sob o conceito de «índio» tem uma retroação lógica, a da necessidade de um conceito complementário, o de «branco», isto é, uma projeção igualmente redutora nas culturas e nos povos europeus. E mais importante ainda, tem também um efeito de estrangeirização dos povos originários americanos. A apropriação dos territórios colonizados exige a despossessão dos seus antigos usufrutuários, acompanhada de um discurso que visa serem percebidos como estranhos, alheios, paradoxalmente estrangeiros à identidade hegemônica comum, que é a «nacional». Os esforços de uma parte da sociologia, da história, da antropologia e até de alguma literatura por enquadrar as identidades pré-coloniais no tronco principal da identidade cultural brasileira têm sido incapazes de alterar substancialmente o pensamento hegemônico da população americana (e nomeadamente brasileira) geral. Deste jeito, as culturas indígenas são quase sempre representadas com estereótipos monolíticos, primitivistas, estáticos e folclorizados.Por esta razão continua a ser imprescindível o estudo tanto das culturas —e no âmbito desta revista, nomeadamente das línguas e das artes da linguagem— ameríndias como das suas representações atuais e pretéritas no imaginário hegemônico.
O significado linguístico em perspectiva
Authors: Leitão de Almeida Maria Lucia , Quadros Gomes Ana Paula , Lisboa Júnior Jorge Luiz Ferreira
Published: January 2021

O presente número temático, organizado por Maria Lucia Leitão de Almeida, Ana Paula Quadros Gomes e Jorge Luiz Ferreira Lisboa Júnior (Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro) dedica-se à dimensão do significado linguístico, a partir de duas perspectivas teoricamente prósperas: a Semântica Cognitiva e a Semântica Formal.A partir da contribuição científica de pesquisadores do Brasil, EUA e Europa, o leitor terá acesso a uma visão panorâmica da diversidade de análises semânticas existentes. Os artigos que compõem o dossiê demonstram diferentes posições sobre o significado linguístico, sobre a composicionalidade, sobre a relação entre a semântica e a pragmática, entre o gramatical e o cognitivo etc., o que acreditamos ser um estimulante para a reflexão científica.O presente Dossiê de Língua também é uma homenagem ao semanticista brasileiro Rodolfo Ilari, por sua representatividade entre nós, seja no desenvolvimento de uma agenda científica para uma semântica do português, que tende a crescer, seja na formação de semanticistas.Contamos ainda com duas entrevistas ilustres, a de Gilles Fauconnier, um dos pilares da Semântica Cognitiva, e a de Gennaro Chierchia, um dos grandes nomes da Semântica Formal.
PERCEPÇÃO DE PAIS/CUIDADORES SOBRE A ETIOLOGIA DO POSSÍVEL BRUXISMO DO SONO EM ESCOLARES
Authors: Isabel Braz Vieira Maria , Letícia Ramos Jorge Maria , Lopes Beserra Neto Antonio , Pereira Brocos Pires Lívia , do Nascimento Andrade Feitosa Ankilma , Lopes Drumond Clarissa
Published: January 2021

OBJETIVO: Avaliar associação entre a percepção dos pais/cuidadores sobre a etiologia do bruxismo do sono e o possível bruxismo do sono em seus filhos. MÉTODOS: Um estudo transversal realizado com amostra de 439 escolares de 8 a 10 anos de idade de escolas públicas e particulares da cidade de Diamantina, Minas Gerais e seus pais e cuidadores. Os pais/cuidadores responderam um questionário pré-estruturado com informações sobre as crianças:som característico de ranger os dentes durante o sono, conhecimento dos pais/cuidadores sobre a causa de bruxismo do sono e fatores sociodemográficos (idade da criança, número de filhos, ordem do nascimento da criança, escolaridade dos pais/cuidadores, renda mensal familiar, duração da renda). O diagnóstico de bruxismo do sono foi baseado no relato dos pais (possível bruxismo do sono) de acordo como o consenso internacional. A análise descritiva e inferencial (frequência absoluta e relativa dos dados e teste qui-quadrado (P0,05)) foram realizadas. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de possível bruxismo do sono foi de 40,1% (n=176). Um total de 54,7% (n=240) das crianças eram do sexo feminino e 55,1% (n=242) dos pais/cuidadores apresentaram escolaridade menor que 8 anos de estudo. Além disso, 38,2% (n=71) dos pais/cuidadores relataram que não tinham conhecimento da etiologia do ranger os dentes, enquanto 29,0% (n=54) dos pais/cuidadores relataram que a etiologia do ranger os dentes dos seus filhos era devida à presença de vermes e 15,1% (n=28) acreditavam que era devido à fatores psicossociais (ansiedade, estresse). A falta de conhecimento de pais/cuidadores sobre a etiologia do bruxismo do sono foi associada com o relato de bruxismo do sono do seu filho (possível bruxismo do sono) (p=0,043). Não houve associação estatisticamente significativa nas demais variáveis independente com o possível bruxismo do sono. CONCLUSÃO: A falta de conhecimento dos pais / cuidadores quanto à etiologia do ranger os dentes foi associada à presença de PSB.A maioria dos pais / cuidadores da presente amostra parece desconhecer a etiologia do ranger os dentes de seus filhos durante o sono.

Palavras chave: Bruxismo do Sono. Criança. Epidemiologia.
Cuando la muerte nos mira con deseo de llevarnos al tártaro
Authors: Huanca Jesús
Published: January 2021

The entire planet has collapsed by the Covid-19-named pathogen, and death starred in its best horror episode to bring to the Tatar all those who still did not realize the life they had. The present aims to theoretically reflect the limit situations, the dire actions, the apparent realities, pathologies and devastating phenomena that brought the human species to the brink of extinction.
Author’s program of the discipline “Methodology of scientific researches”
Authors: Furman Anatoliy
Published: January 2021

Author’s program of the discipline “Methodology of scientific researches”
Perception And Response of Islamic Religious Education Teachers to Religious Education Policy During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Adzim Abdul , Faris Khoirul Anam
Published: January 2021

This study aims to determine the perceptions and responses of Islamic Religious Education teachers to educational policies during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of this study provide an overview of technical policy making in educational units. Government policy towards the implementation of Islamic education raises pros and cons in society. This study shows that Islamic religious education teachers in public schools and colleges have different responses to online learning. 70% of Islamic Religious Education teachers said that they agreed with government policies in an effort to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic. However, 24% of them said that this policy seemed forced on all sectors of education. The interesting thing revealed in this study is that Islamic Religious Education teachers have a high level of optimism towards the government regarding overcoming the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. This study used a qualitative model with in-depth interviews with 9 Islamic Religious Education teachers at 4 schools of various levels. The interview instrument was previously validated by an expert
Islamic Studies in Madrasah Aliyah Al-Maarif Singosari Malang During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Moh Eko Nasrulloh
Published: January 2021

Juvenile delinquency in the form of violence is still common in the community even during the covid-19 pandemic. violence has several contributing factors. Education as a form of institution that seeks to prevent violence from inside and outside students through Islamic religious learning. This study discusses Islamic religious learning efforts carried out at MA Almaarif Singosari Malang during the covid-19 pandemic. Kulaitatif research is used as a method in discussing the title so that conclusions are obtained as answers.interviews and observations are used in collecting data. The research results are islamic learning and at MA Almaarif Singosari Malang is conducted online and offline. Learning objectives are conveyed in learning in both ways. Media, learning resources, and teaching materials are available in both ways of learning. Conducive, proactive, flexible learning atmosphere is manifested in online and face-to-face learning.
Modulation of innate immunity of calves in the early neonatal period with probiotic nanometal globulin drug
Authors: Kovalenko L. V. , Boiko V. S. , Rudenko O. P. , Busol V. O. , Busol L. V.
Published: January 2021

The article highlights the results of studying the effect of a new probiotic nanometal globulin drug (PNMGD) on biomarkers of innate immunity of newborn calves. The experiment was performed on two groups of calves. Animals of the experimental group from the 2nd day of life were fed the drug for 5 days at a dose of 0.25 g/kg of body weight with milk, calves of the control group received milk without its addition. Before the experiment, and on the 10th, 20th, 35th day of the experiment, blood was taken from calves for clinical and biochemical studies. The obtained results show that the use of PNMGD causes an increase in the natural resistance of calves. This is indicated by an increase in the expression of such markers of innate immunity as globulins, circulating immune complexes and nitrogen metabolites by an average of 17–25%, as well as inhibition of seromucoid synthesis by 16.9%. Signs of anti-stress effect of the drug on the calves in the early postnatal period have been found. The positive effect of PNMGD on the state of innate immunity of calves can be regarded as one of the factors increasing the average daily weight gain by 32.2% in the first 36 days of life
Method of biochemical change corrections in the boar organisms with Toxicant-induced reproductive dysfunctions
Authors: Naumenko S. V. , Koshevoi V. I. , Siehodin O. B.
Published: January 2021

The pathogenetic mechanism of reproductive diseases is oxidative stress, which is manifested by an increase in lipid peroxidation and a decrease in antioxidant potential. The aim of the study was to develop a method for the correction of biochemical changes in the body of boars with toxicant-induced reproductive dysfunctions using drugs based on nanobiomaterials, based on reducing lipoperoxidation, neutralization of toxic substances by antioxidant protection increasing of animals and endocrine activity stimulating of their gonads. The article presents the results of research on the effectiveness of the complex drug ‘Karafand+OV,Zn’, which contains carotenoids, phytoandrogens and nanomaterials — nanoparticles of gadolinium orthovanadate, activated by europium, and zinc carbonate. Experimental toxicant-induced reproductive dysfunctions were caused by feeding sodium nitrate at a dose of 0.3 g NO3–/kg body weight. The drug was administered in a dose of 15 ml per male, orally, once a day for 14 days. Blood samples for test were taken before and on the 20th day after drug administration. Conventional biochemical methods were used, as well as chemiluminometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. There was a positive effect of the developed drug on the hormonal state (testosterone concentration increased by 91.8% (20.6 ± 0.32 nmol/l, p < 0.001), the content of vitamin A increased 1.3 times (0.65 ± 0.02 μmol/l, p < 0.001) and zinc by 47.6% (24.8 ± 0.86 μmol/l, p < 0.001), the dynamics of lipoperoxidation processes (the concentration of malonic dialdehyde in the serum was reduced by 53.2% (0.394 ± 0.01 μmol/l, p < 0.001)) and the system of antioxidant protection of boars (increased activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase in serum by 71.5% (41.4 ± 1.03 μmol/H2O2/l-min, p < 0.001) and 54.8% (8.98 ± 0.09 st. un./mgHb, p < 0.001), respectively), increased the content of reduced glutathione by 23.2%, indicators of the oxygen metabolism system (concentration 2,3-diphosphoglycerate increased 1.3 times (1.4 ± 0.03 mmol/l, p < 0.001), the activation of which reduces the hypoxic state. The total antioxidant activity of boars increased, as evidenced by a decrease in the light sum of chemiluminescence of serum by 47.6% (4.4 ± 0.15 un., p < 0.001). The results of research convincingly testify to the high efficiency of the use of the complex drug ‘Karafand+OV,Zn’ as a means of correction of toxicant-induced reproductive dysfunctions in boars and proves the possibility of its use in practical veterinary andrology
Projective Synchronization of a 3D Chaotic System with Quadratic and Quartic Nonlinearities
Authors: Idowu Babatunde , Oyeleke Kehinde , Ogabi Cornelius , Olusola Olasunkanmi
Published: January 2021

Introduction: In this work, the projective synchronization of two identical three dimensional chaotic system with quadratic and quartic non linearities was considered as well as the equilibrium and stability analysis of the system. The projective synchronization with same and different scaling factor was carried out for this category of system to show its feasibility in order to establish that no matter the type and number of nonlinearities, projective synchronization can be achieved. Numerical simulations was done to verify the above. In all kinds of chaos synchronization, projective synchronization (PS), characterized by a scaling factor that two systems synchronize proportionally, is one of the most interesting problems. It was first reported by Mainieri et al [1] , where it was stated that the two identical systems (master and slave) could be synchronized up to a scaling factor, . They further stated that the scaling factor was dependent on the chaotic evolution and initial conditions so that the ultimate state of projective synchronization was unpredictable. Aims: Is to achieve projective synchronization of two identical three Dimensional chaotic system with quadratic and quartic nonlinearities synchronizing to a scaling factor and also present the equilibrium and stability analysis of the system. This is to establish that projective synchronization can be achieved for varied systems with varied nonlinearities. Materials and Methods: We employed the adaptive synchronization technique to achieve projective synchronization of the system (master and slave) with different scaling factors, and the fourth order RungeKutta algorithm is used for numerical solutions. Results: In this work, the projective synchronization of two identical three dimensional systems with quadratic and quartic nonlinearities was achieved with the same and different scaling factor, . The equilibrium and stability analysis of the system was also presented. Numerical simulations was done to verify the above. Conclusion: The investigated projective synchronization behaviour of two identical three-dimensional system with two nonlinearities (quadratic and quartic) was achieved for cases where the scaling factor is the same and when different. This shows that projective synchronization can be achieved for systems with varying nonlinearities even when the scaling factor is different and this suggests its use in communication using chaotic wave forms as carriers, perhaps with a view to securing communication.
Millimeter-Wave 3D-Printed Antenna Array based on Gap-Waveguide Technology and Split E-plane Waveguide
Authors: Palomares-Caballero Ángel , Alex-Amor Antonio , Valenzuela-Valdés Juan , Padilla Pablo
Published: January 2021

A multilayer aperture antenna array in millimeter-wave band is presented in this article. The antenna array is based on glide-symmetric holey gap-waveguide technology combined with E-plane insertion gaps for a low-cost and low-loss design. The radiating part of the antenna array is formed by an array of sixteen aperture antennas, grouped in four sets of 2x2 antenna subarrays in E-plane configuration. The 2x2 subarrays are fed by a one-to-four corporate feeding network in E-plane with holey gap-waveguide technology. The antenna array has been manufactured with high precision stereolithography (SLA) and subsequent metal plating. This design procedure yields a low-cost and low-weight manufacturing process for functional prototypes. The complete array has been manufactured and measured, comparing its performance with the simulation results. Measurements show an input reflection coefficient below -10 dB which ranges from 68 GHz to 74 GHz. The measured radiation patterns suit adequately the defined ones in the design stage. Moreover, gain above 19 dBi in the entire operating frequency band is achieved with a 74.1% mean antenna efficiency.
POSISI ORIENTASI BANGUNAN PERMUKIMAN TEPI SUNGAI PADA PENGEMBANGAN POTENSI PARIWISATA KOTA
Authors: Ismadi  , Yuuwono Abito Bamban
Published: January 2021

Rekam jejak sejarah nusantara menunjukan bahwa sebagian besar kota-kota di indonesia berada pada daerah tepi laut dan tepi sungai besar, hal ini terjadi dikarenakan pada awal mula terbentuknya permukiman maka infra strukturnya belum tersedia sehingga masyarakat memanfaatkan sungai sebagai sarana jalur transportasi yang paling mudah dan sudah tersedia secara alami. Permukiman yang semula berada dan berkembang di sepanjang tepi pantai dan tepi sungai pada perkembangannya akan menjadi kota yang pada akhirnya semakin mendorong wilayah permukiman semakin jauh merambah ke daerah yang semakin jauh dari pantai dan sungai sehingga sarana transportasi yang semula mengandalkan sungai telah berkembang dengan sistem transportasi darat dan perkembangan ini telah mendorong sebagian besar masyarakat mulai meninggalkan sarana transportasi melalui sungai karena semakin lengkapnya infrastruktur jaringan jalan.Perkembangan sistem transportasi darat  lambat laun akhirnya telah merubah pola orientasi bangunan pada permukiman tepi sungai yang semula berorientasi ke sungai telah berubah menjadi ke arah darat/jalan sehingga sungai yang pada mulanya menjadi muka kawasan permukiman yang berarti wajah dan halaman berubah menjadi arah belakang dari kawasan permukiman yang dapat di artikan arah yang buruk, kotor dan kurang diperhatikan dan hal tersebut juga telah merubah prilaku dan pandangan masyarakat terhadap nilai dan eksistensi sungai. Mengembalikan arah orientasi permukiman kembali menghadap kearah sungai tentunya akan memberikan dampak positif yang kompleks bagi pengembangan dan penataan kawasan mulai dari semakin terjaga kebersihannya, menghidupkan kembali sebagai sarana transportasi air yang dapat mengurangi kepadatan lalu lintas darat dan dapat menjadi obyek pariwisata melalui olahraga air, pasar terapung dan sebagainya.

Kata kunci: Orientasi, Pemukiman, Tepi Sungai, Pariwisata, Kota
PERAN SALURAN PERKOTAAN GUNA MENUNJANG ESTETIKA DAN KENYAMANAN LINGKUNGAN PERKOTAAN
Authors: Krisnawati Eny , Prabowo Wahyu
Published: January 2021

Surakarta sebagai kota pariwisata khususnya wisata budaya dan sejarah hal ini didukung adanya keraton dan peninggalan bangunan bersejarah, selain itu elemen elemen pendukung  seperti taman kota, perairan kota serta penataan kota. Pada saat ini perairan kota khususnya sungai dalam kota banyak mengalami perubahan fungsi menjadi pendestrian, parkir, kios, seperti halnya sungai di sepanjang jalan Bhayangkara kota Surakarta. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adanya pengembalian fungsi sungai agar tercipta keseimbangan, estetika dan kenikmatan dalam lingkungan perkotaan, mengingat fungsi sungai tidak hanya sebagai drainase perkotaan saja tetapi lebih dari itu pendingin kota , keindahan kota, untuk itu perlu penanganan khusus atau penataan kembali fungsi sungai. Penataan sungai nerupakan pendekatan dan penerapan salah satu atau beberapa fungsi sungai dalam elemen penataan di perkotaan guna mencapai tujuan proteksi, rekreasi, estetika dan kegunan fungsi lainnya bagi masyarakat perkotaan.

Kata kunci: estetika, perkotaan, sungai.
EVALUASI PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN TEMPAT PARKIR BAGI SISWA DAN GURU PADA SEKOLAH DASAR DI SURAKARTA
Authors: Yuono Teguh , Handoyo Suryo
Published: January 2021

Pendidikan memegang peranan yang sangat vital dalam perkembangan sebuah bangsa. Bangsa yang maju dapat dilihat dari tingkat pendidikan penduduknya, semakin maju sebuah bangsa semakin tinggi juga tingkat pendidikan penduduknya.  Pemerintah dari tahun ke tahun terus meningkatkan alokasi anggaran negara untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan. Pembangunan gedung sekolah beserta prasarana pendukungnya sebaiknya juga memperhatikan kebutuhan tampungan sarana transportasi yang digunakan oleh siswa dan guru, baik itu berupa sepeda, sepada motor maupun mobil. Dari pengamatan yang ada kenyataannya banyak sekolahan yang belum memprioritaskan penyediaan tempat parkir yang memadai. Sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian letak sekolah dalam sebuah permukiman, kondisi tempat parkir yang ada dan pemenuhan kebutuhan parkir. Lokasi penelitian yaitu sekolah dasar di Kota Surakarta. Dalam penelitian dibuat rancangan penelitian sebagai berikut : 1). penyiapan bahan dan peralatan. 2).survei lapangan,wawancara, pengamatan, foto dokumentasi dilanjutkan pengukuran dan dibuat sket. 3). pembuatan gambar peta situasi keberadaan sekolah dan permukiman sekitarnya. 4). pengambaran denah sekolahan dan tempat parkir. 5). analisis kondisi tempat parkir yang ada, menghitung kebutuhan tempat parkir dan mengambar denah tempat parkir yang ideal. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 1). letak sekolahan terhadap permukiman, 10% sekolah cukup dekat, 20% dekat dan 70% sangat dekat. 2). kondisi tempat parkir bagi siswa yang membawa sepeda ontel kurang memadai, prosentase kondisi tempat parkir pada lokasi penelitian adalah 20% kondisi kurang, 60% kondisi sedang, 20% kondisi baik. 3). kebutuhan lahan untuk tempat parkir tercukupi dengan pengaturan parkir yang baik. Rata-rata dalam satu sekolahan membutuhkan lahan parkir seluas 129 m2, dengan kapasitas untuk sepeda 37 unit, 13 sepeda motor dan 2 mobil.

Kata kunci: permukiman, sekolah, tempat parkir
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI DAKWAH KH ZAINUL MAA’RIF DALAM PEMANFAATAN MEDIA DAKWAH
Authors: Habibah Fitri Ummu
Published: January 2021

Dakwah merupakan proses penyampaian atau cara-cara tertentu yang dilakukan seorang da’i kepada mad’u untuk mencapai suatu tujuan atas dasar hikmah dan kasih sayang. Pada saat ini banyak da’i yang muncul di tengah-tengah masyarakat, menyampaikan dakwahnya dengan metode-metode khusus sehingga menarik perhatian masyarakat. Dari sekian banyak da’i yang mampu membuat mad’u terkesima akan gaya bicaranya yang khas saat menyampaikan materi dakwahnya adalah KH. Yahya Zainul Ma’arif (selanjutnya disebut Buya Yahya). Dia adalah seorang yang memiliki sifat ramah, hal itu dapat dilihat dari mimik wajahnya dalam setiap menyampaikan dakwahnya dan sikapnya yang tampak ketika berinteraksi secara langsung dengan para jamaah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian subjek dan aktivitas dakwah. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui metode dakwah KH. Yahya Zainul Ma’arif. Jenis penelitian adalah kualitatif studi tokoh dengan spesifikasi analisis taksonomi. Desain analisis taksonomi yaitu dengan memaparkan domain subjek penelitian dan segala aspek yang membentuk perannya dalam bidang dakwah Islam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode dakwah yang digunakan oleh KH. Yahya Zainul Ma’arif adalah metode tabligh. Tabligh tersebut dilakukan dengan cara membentuk majelis ceramah. Setelah tabligh dilakukan, Buya Yahya mengembangkan tabligh dengan melakukan pengkaderan. Pengkaderan tersebut dilakukan dengan cara tarbiyah, dari tarbiyah inilah akan muncul ulama’ yang akan melanjutkan misi dakwah ke depannya. Oleh karena itu, Buya Yahya mendirikan Pondok Pesantren Lembaga Pengembangan Dakwah (LPD) al Bahjah. Sebenarnya dalam aktivitas tabligh, Buya Yahya sambil menggali potensi untuk mengajak bersama-sama melakukan tabligh. Dalam bertabligh juga menggunakan berbagai media, seperti sound system dan media-media lain, seperti radio, TV, live streaming, facebook, instagram, aplikasi android (buya Yahya di playstore) dan web agar tabligh tersebut sampai ke masyarakat luas. Metode tabligh tersebut mencakup empat hal, yaitu al hikmah, mauidzah al hasanah dan mujadalah dan tanya jawab.