bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/6 Inhibitor (Palbociclib) Induced Aplastic Anemia in a Patient with Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Nwabudike Stanley Madu , Edwards Camille V. , Akinboro Oladimeji , Quinn Kathryn , Sarosiek Shayna , Ko Naomi
Published: December 2018

Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in women worldwide. Over the years, breast cancer treatment has undergone revolutionary changes especially for women with hormone receptor positive metastatic disease. As a result, women are living longer with their disease, particularly in developed countries. The use of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitors with antiestrogen therapy is a relatively new therapeutic option which has been shown to improve progression-free survival. Hematologic adverse events, most frequently neutropenia, are well-known side effects of CDK 4/6 inhibitors. However, to our knowledge, aplastic anemia has never been reported. We report a case of aplastic anemia in a patient with metastatic breast cancer treated with palbociclib after multiple prior lines of therapy.
Evaluation of Methods to Correct the Effect of Temperature on Electrical Conductivity of Mortar
Authors: Rangelov Milena , Nassiri Somayeh
Published: December 2018

Nondestructive methods to obtain the electrical conductivity (σ) or resistivity (ρ) of concrete are gaining popularity for durability evaluation. However, these methods are susceptible to the effects of curing and conditioning, primarily temperature and degree of saturation. Before σ of concrete at varied temperatures can be used for durability assessment, appropriate corrections must be made to account for the effect of temperature (T). In this study, two existing and one new temperature correction methods were evaluated for 12 mortar mixtures varying in water‐to‐cementitious material ratio (w/cm) and the content and types of supplementary cementitious materials (SCM). Mortar specimens instrumented with embedded sensors were cured in sealed conditions for 11–13 months. After this period, the sealed specimens were subjected to stepwise temperature change in 5–50°C range while σ was recorded using the embedded sensors. Linear, bilinear, and Arrhenius temperature correction (LTC, BLTC, and ATC, respectively) were fitted to the obtained σ‐T datasets and were evaluated for fitness. LTC provided an acceptable fit to the σ‐T data (R2 > 0.81) but was found the most suitable in 5–30°C temperature range. BLTC was defined as a combination of two distinct LTC below and above the reference temperature at 23°C and had a better fit to the data (R2 > 0.96). Lastly, ATC showed the best fit among the tested methods (R2 > 0.98) and was found applicable for the full tested temperature range. Comparison of correction coefficients among the mixtures indicated that increase in w/cm results in less sensitivity of σ to temperature. Mixtures with SCM generally exhibit higher temperature sensitivity compared to the corresponding plain mixture. Since the variations in correction coefficients were not substantial (less 18% variation among 10 of 12 mixtures), a single value of activation energy of conduction (Ec) at 32 kJ/mol was identified as the general recommendation for all the tested mixtures.
Hydraulic Conductivity of Polymer‐Amended Sand‐Bentonite Backfills Permeated with Lead Nitrate Solutions
Authors: Shen Sheng-Qiang , Wei Ming-Li
Published: December 2018

Hydraulic conductivity of sand‐bentonite (SB) backfills amended with polyanionic cellulose (PAC) to lead nitrate (Pb(NO3)2) solutions was evaluated experimentally in this study. PAC‐amended sand‐bentonite (PSB) backfills were synthesized by mixing sand‐bentonite mixture with 0.3 to 1.2% dry PAC (by total dry mixture mass) and mixed with a certain weight of conventional bentonite (CB) slurry. The rheology properties including the filtrate loss, viscosity, density, and pH testes of slurry with various bentonite dosages were measured to determine the reasonable CB dosage of slurry. The slump tests on PSB backfills with various mass slurries were conducted to determine the corresponding water content of backfills with slump 125 ± 5 mm. Under the applied pressure 100 kPa, the hydraulic conductivity to Pb(NO3)2 solutions (kc) of PSB backfills with various PAC contents was evaluated based on the modified filter press (MFP) tests, to ascertain the optimum PAC content of PSB backfills when permeated with Pb(NO3)2 solutions. Index properties, including the specific gravity (Gs) and liquid limit (wL) of PSB backfills, were measured after MFP tests. The MFP tests for PSB backfills were then conducted under various applied pressures to obtain the relationship between void ratio (e) and hydraulic conductivity of backfills. Finally, the flexible‐wall permeability test (FWP test) under osmotic pressure 100 kPa was conducted to verify the effectiveness of the MFP test. The results indicate that slurry with 8% bentonite dosage is the reasonable choice in slurry wall construction. PSB has lower GS and higher wL compared to SB; increasing Pb concentration leads to GS of PSB increased and wL of PSB decreased. PSB with 0.6% PAC content is supposed as the optimum proportion of backfills when permeated with concentrated Pb(NO3)2 solution. PAC adsorbs large amount of bound water, which leads to higher water content (w) and e of PSB backfills, while lead ions (Pb) cause the diffuse double layer (DDL) of bentonite compressed and e of PSB backfills reduced. The kc of PSB‐0.6 remains lower than 10−9 m/s and increases less than 10 times though the Pb concentration was up to 500 mM, demonstrating that the hydraulic performance of backfills can be improved effectively in Pb(NO3)2 solution by the additive PAC. The comparison results between k from MFP tests and FWP tests show that the MFP test is an effective and easy evaluation of hydraulic conductivity of backfills.
Adaptation of Alpha-Papillomavirus over Millennia
Authors: de Oliveira Cristina M.
Published: December 2018

Papillomaviruses (PVs) are a group of small DNA viruses that, with around 350 million years of evolution, acquired the capacity of infecting a broad range of vertebrates, including humans. To date, more than 300 PV types have been isolated. Viruses that have a long common evolutionary history with their host typically cause unapparent infections. However, in some Alpha-PV infections, lesions become apparent and may cause benign proliferative disorders or even malignant proliferative lesions of the cervix, vulva, vagina, anus, penis, and oropharynx. The incongruence observed between the topology of the phylogenetic tree of Alpha-PVs and that of their hosts suggests that virus-host codivergence is not the only evolutionary force that has driven the progression of PVs. The integration of the precursors of E5, E6, and E7 on the genome of the ancestral Alpha-PV was important and made the colonization of new niches and the emergence of carcinogenic types possible.
How to Measure Population Aging? The Answer Is Less than Obvious: A Review
Authors: Skirbekk Vegard F. , Staudinger Ursula M. , Cohen Joel E.
Published: December 2018

Usually, population aging is measured to inform fiscal and social planning because it is considered to indicate the burden that an elderly population presents to the economic, social security, and health systems of a society. Measures of population aging are expected to indicate shifts in the distribution of individuals’ attributes (e.g., chronological age, health) within a population that are relevant to assessing the burden. We claim that chronological age – even though it is the attribute most broadly used – may frequently not be the best measure to satisfy this purpose. A distribution of chronological age per se does not present a burden. Rather, burdens arise from the characteristics that supposedly or actually accompany chronological ages. We posit that in addition to chronological age, meaningful measures of population aging should reflect, for instance, the distribution of economic productivity, health, functional capacities, or biological age, as these attributes may more directly assess the burden on the socioeconomic and health systems. Here, we illustrate some limitations of measures of population aging based on each kind of measure, including chronological age, and review alternative measures that may better inform fiscal, social, and health planning.
Clinical Response to Subcutaneous Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus Immunotherapy in Children with Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Is Independent of Sensitization to Blomia tropicalis Allergens
Authors: Chen Shi , Zheng Yiwu , Chen Bing , Zhong Haifeng , Liao Feng , Wang Ling , Hui Siu Fu , Lai Xuxin
Published: December 2018

Background: Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (DP) and Blomia tropicalis (BT) are the dominant house dust mites inducing allergic diseases in tropical climates. It is not known whether the efficacy of DP subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) is similar in patients sensitized to DP alone or to both DP and BT. Method: Ninety-five children (5–17 years old) affected by asthma with rhinitis and sensitized to both DP and BT received 3 years of DP-SCIT. Clinical symptom and medication scores, serum-specific IgE and IgG4 were evaluated during DP-SCIT. Patients were grouped based on DP and BT co-sensitization or cross-reactivity, according to positive or negative IgE to BT major allergen (BTMA). Results: After 3 years of DP-SCIT, all patients had significant reductions in symptoms and medication use. In all, 65% of the patients were free of asthma symptoms and medication use; in addition, 3% was free of rhinitis symptoms. FEV1 in all patients were greater than 95% of predicted. DP-SCIT induced significant increases in DP- and BT-specific IgG4. In 50% of patients, DP-specific IgG4 increased more than 67-fold. BT-specific IgG4 increased more than 2.5 fold. A moderate correlation (r = 0.48–0.61, p < 0.01) was found between specific IgE against DP and BT in the BTMA– group (n = 34) before and after DP-SCIT, whereas no correlation was found in the BTMA+ group (n = 61). The 2 BTMA groups responded similarly with regard to clinical improvement and increase in specific IgG4 to both DP and BT. No safety finding of concern were reported in either group. Conclusion: DP-SCIT may be of clinical benefit to patients with IgE sensitizations to both DP and BT. DP-SCIT induces IgG4 that cross-react with BT allergens.
Catheter Tract Metastasis in Mesothelioma Patients with Indwelling Pleural Catheters: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Mitchell Michael A. , Li Pen , Pease Christopher , Hosseini Sarah , Souza Carolina , Zhang Tinghua , Amjadi Kayvan
Published: December 2018

Background: Use of indwelling pleural catheters (IPCs) for the management of symptomatic pleural effusions in patients with mesothelioma has increased in popularity. An important concern with this approach is the potential for the development of catheter tract metastasis (CTM). Objectives: To determine the incidence of IPC-related CTM in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Methods: In this single-center retrospective cohort study, patients with biopsy-confirmed MPM who had an IPC inserted between May 2006 and July 2017 were identified from a prospectively collected database. Thoracic CT scans following IPC insertion were reviewed to assess for evidence of CTM. Patients were followed until death or last documented patient encounter with a minimum of 6-month follow-up. Results: A total of 90 patients were included in the cohort. CTM was identified in 23 of 90 patients (26%). Median time from IPC insertion to CTM was 408 days (interquartile range 196–721 days). Medical thoracoscopy at the time of IPC insertion did not lead to a significantly increased odds of CTM (OR 2.30; 95% CI 0.66–7.94; p = 0.19). Incidence of CTM was not different between mesothelioma subtypes (p = 0.09). Patient-reported dyspnea scores were improved following IPC insertion in 80% of patients. Conclusions: CTM was identified in over a quarter of MPM patients when follow-up imaging was reviewed. Treating physicians should be cognizant of the possibility of CTM at the site of prior IPC.
Advanced Methods for the Investigation of Cell Contact Dynamics in Endothelial Cells Using Florescence-Based Live Cell Imaging
Authors: Hofer Irene , Schimp Christine , Taha Muna , Seebach Jochen , Aldirawi Mohammed , Cao Jiahui , Leidl Quentin , Ahle Annelie , Schnittler Hans
Published: December 2018

Endothelial cells of the vascular system are dynamic cells whose molecular adaptability is decisive for the adjustment of homeostasis and organ perfusion. Advanced microscopic techniques, automation processing, and image analysis software was shown to improve the understanding of vascular biology. In this work, we describe advanced methods that allow investigating the dynamics of endothelial cell contacts. The development of viral vectors has contributed significantly to the genetic manipulation of endothelial cells. We used the Gibson assembly as a quick and cheap cloning system for introducing sequences into the lentiviral-based pFUGW vector. Furthermore, classical fluorescence tags such as mCherry and EGFP were compared with self-labeling tags such as Halo and SNAP for their suitability to study junction dynamics in cultured endothelium, and found the self-labeling tags as useful tools. Using such combinations, we found maintained cell junction integrity during shear stress-induced junction remodeling using VE-cadherin-EGFP. Remodeling was accompanied by VE-cadherin plaque formation, indicating that this process is mediated by the for­mation of the actin-driven junction-associated intermittent lamellipodia, JAIL. The combined methods including the Gibson assembly, lentiviral mediated gene transfer, spinning disk-based live cell imaging, and software for quantification allow analyses of the endothelial cell junction dynamics under static and under shear stress conditions.
Immunocytochemistry Test of Protein BRAF Expression for Diagnosis of Well Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Sudarsa I. Wayan , Pualillin Elvis Deddy Kurniawan , Adiputra Putu Anda Tusta , Manuaba Ida Bagus Tjakra Wibawa
Published: December 2018

Background: Thyroid carcinoma generally has a good prognosis. The main focus of current research on thyroid carcinoma is to increase the accuracy of preoperative diagnosis of thyroid nodules. When the result of fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is indeterminate, clinicians often have doubts in determining the surgical management. Objective: Protein BRAF expression analysis can help improve the accuracy of FNAB and optimize the management of differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Methods: This study is a diagnostic test performed from October 2016 at Sanglah General Hospital with 38 patients as subjects who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Data is being presented in descriptive form before diagnostic test is done to determine sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and the accuracy of immunocytochemistry test for BRAF on indeterminate thyroid nodule. Results: Thirty-eight samples met the inclusion criteria during the study period. Three samples were male (7.9%) and 35 samples (92.1%) were female. The mean age of the sample was 45.21 years (SD ±10.910 years) with ages ranging from 23 to 66 years. Of the 12 samples undergoing isthmolobectomy, 7 samples (58.4%) were determined to be malignant from histopathological results. The sensitivity value of BRAF immunocytochemistry test is 45.45% with a specificity value of 81.25%, a positive predictive value of 76.92%, a negative predictive value of 52% and an accuracy of 60.50%. Analysis of the receiver operator (ROC) curve shows the area under the curve (AUC) of 63.4% with a confidence interval of 45.5–81.2%. Conclusion: Immunocytochemistry BRAF test have a reliable diagnostic value and can be taken into consideration in the preoperative diagnosis of thyroid malignancies.
Nintedanib in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Practical Management Recommendations for Potential Adverse Events
Authors: Bendstrup Elisabeth , Wuyts Wim , Alfaro Tiago , Chaudhuri Nazia , Cornelissen Robin , Kreuter Michael , Melgaard Nielsen Kirsten , Münster Anna-Marie B. , Myllärniemi Marjukka , Ravaglia Claudia , Vanuytsel Tim , Wijsenbeek Marlies
Published: December 2018

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal lung disease with a dismal survival rate of only 3 years and no curative pharmacological therapy. The recent approval of 2 anti-fibrotic drugs (nintedanib and pirfenidone) that slow disease progression has provided some hope for patients. However, effectively managing anti-fibrotic treatment can be a challenge due to tolerability issues, the presence of pulmonary and extra-pulmonary comorbidities, and the need for concomitant medications in many patients. In general, making clear evidence-based decisions can be difficult for physicians because patients with comorbidities are often excluded from clinical trials. Since currently anti-fibrotic drugs are the only effective therapeutics capable of slowing disease progression, it is imperative that all treatment options are thoroughly evaluated and exhausted in each individual, irrespective of complicating factors, to permit the best outcome for the patient. In this review, we present data from clinical trials, post hoc analyses, post-marketing surveillance, and real-world studies that are relevant to the management of nintedanib treatment. In addition, we also provide practical recommendations developed by a multidisciplinary panel of experts for the management of nintedanib treatment in patients with IPF associated complications and those experiencing gastrointestinal side effects.
Mandatory Neuroendovascular Evolution: Meeting the New Demands
Authors: El-Ghanem Mohammad , Gomez Francisco E. , Koul Prateeka , Nuoman Rolla , Santarelli Justin G. , Amuluru Krishna , Gandhi Chirag D. , Cohen Eric R. , Meyers Philip , Al-Mufti Fawaz
Published: December 2018

Background: Traditionally, patients undergoing acute ischemic strokes were candidates for mechanical thrombectomy if they were within the 6-h window from onset of symptoms. This timeframe would exclude many patient populations, such as wake-up strokes. However, the most recent clinical trials, DAWN and DEFUSE3, have expanded the window of endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke patients to within 24 h from symptom onset. This expanded window increases the number of potential candidates for endovascular intervention for emergent large vessel occlusions and raises the question of how to efficiently screen and triage this increase of patients. Summary: Abbreviated pre-hospital stroke scales can be used to guide EMS personnel in quickly deciding if a patient is undergoing a stroke. Telestroke networks connect remote hospitals to stroke specialists to improve the transportation time of the patient to a comprehensive stroke center for the appropriate level of care. Mobile stroke units, mobile interventional units, and helistroke reverse the traditional hub-and-spoke model by bringing imaging, tPA, and expertise to the patient. Smartphone applications and social media aid in educating patients and the public regarding acute and long-term stroke care. Key Messages: The DAWN and DEFUSE3 trials have expanded the treatment window for certain acute ischemic stroke patients with mechanical thrombectomy and subsequently have increased the number of potential candidates for endovascular intervention. This expansion brings patient screening and triaging to greater importance, as reducing the time from symptom onset to decision-to-treat and groin puncture can better stroke patient outcomes. Several strategies have been employed to address this issue by reducing the time of symptom onset to decision-to-treat time.
Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2, Tissue Inhibitor of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 and CD147 in the Traditional Chinese Medicine “Compound T11” for Treatment of Chronic Liver Injury
Authors: Xu Huaming , Yang Nian , Zhang Zhenqiang , Niu Chunling , Yang Wensheng , Song Junying , Zhang Junxia , Chen Xiaohui , Jia Yaquan , Miao Yufang
Published: December 2018

Objectives: To measure the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor (TIMP)-2, and CD147 in mice with chronic liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride after treatment with the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) “Compound T11”. Method: Sixty male ICR mice were divided randomly into 6 groups of 10: control (C), model (M), low-dose treatment (LT; 50 mg/mL of Compound T11), medium-dose treatment (MT, 100 mg/mL), high-dose treatment (HT, 150 mg/mL), and positive drug treatment (YT, 67.5 mg/mL). Each group was modeled for 7 weeks. Groups M, LT, MT, HT, and YT were injected (s.c.) with 20% carbon tetrachloride diluted with olive oil, and group C was given olive oil in the same way twice a week. After modeling, the treatment groups were administered Compound T11 at the concentrations shown above by oral gavage daily for 2 weeks, while group C was given 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose sodium. After the final treatment, mice were killed and their liver tissues were excised. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to measure the protein expression of MMP-2, TIMP-2, and CD147, and western blotting was used to measure the protein expression of MMP-2, TIMP-2, CD147, and α-smooth muscle actin (SMA). MMP-2, TIMP-2, and CD147 mRNA expression was determined by quantitative fluorescence real-time PCR. Results: Compound T11 increased the protein expression of MMP-2 and CD147 and decreased the protein expression of TIMP-2 and α-SMA. Conclusions: Treatment of chronic liver injury by TCM Compound T11 may be associated with changes to the expression of MMP-2 and CD147, and the inhibition of TIMP-2 expression.
Real-World Impact of Retrievable Stents for Acute Ischemic Stroke on Disability Utilizing the National Inpatient Sample
Authors: Behera Anit , Adjei Boakye Eric , Trivedi Jahnavi , Armbrecht Eric , Alshekhlee Amer , Edgell Randall
Published: December 2018

Purpose: We assess the impact of retrievable stent (RS) compared to first-generation devices on in-hospital mortality and disability in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Methods: Using the National Inpatient Sample, data were obtained for patients with a primary diagnosis of AIS who underwent mechanical thrombectomy (MT) and were admitted to US hospitals between 2010 and 2014. Two time periods were compared: 2010–2012 (pre-RS Food and Drug Administration [FDA] approval) and 2013–2014 (post-RS FDA approval). Disability level was used to classify outcomes as minimal disability, moderate to severe disability, or in-hospital mortality. Weighted, multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association between MT device type and disability. Results: A total of 2,443,713 weighted patients admitted with AIS were identified; 148,923 (4.9%) of these received intravenous tissue plasminogen activator; and 23,719 (0.8%) underwent MT. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, the odds of in-hospital mortality decreased (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.59–0.82) in the post-RS time-period compared with pre-RS time. The odds of moderate-to-severe disability decreased (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.73–1.06) compared with minimal disability. In-hospital mortality rates decreased successively over the 4 years in the MT-treated patients (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The FDA approval of RS technology after 2012 was associated with decreased in-hospital mortality when compared with the 3-year interval prior. These findings provide an indication that the RCT data on the efficacy of RS technology are translating into improved real-world outcomes.
Gender Disparities in Vascular Access Surgical Outcomes in Elderly Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Lee Timmy , Qian Joyce , Thamer Mae , Allon Michael
Published: December 2018

Background: Despite national vascular access guidelines promoting the use of arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) over arteriovenous grafts (AVGs) for dialysis, AVF use is substantially lower in females. We assessed clinically relevant AVF and AVG surgical outcomes in elderly male and female patients initiating hemodialysis with a central venous catheter (CVC). Methods: Using the United States Renal Data System standard analytic files linked with Medicare claims, we assessed incident hemodialysis patients in the United States, 9,458 elderly patients (≥67 years; 4,927 males and 4,531 females) initiating hemodialysis from July 2010 to June 2011 with a catheter and had an AVF or AVG placed within 6 months. We evaluated vascular access placement, successful use for dialysis, assisted use (requiring an intervention before successful use), abandonment after successful use, and rate of interventions after successful use. Results: Females were less likely than males to receive an AVF (adjusted likelihood 0.57, 95% CI 0.52–0.63). Among patients receiving an AVF, females had higher adjusted likelihoods of unsuccessful AVF use (hazard ratio [HR] 1.46, 95% CI 1.36–1.56), assisted AVF use (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.17–1.54), and AVF abandonment (HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.10–1.50), but similar relative rate of AVF interventions after successful use (relative risk [RR] 1.01, 95% CI 0.94–1.08). Among patients receiving an AVG, females had a lower likelihood of unsuccessful AVG use (HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.73–0.94), similar rates of assisted AVG use (OR 1.05, 95% CI 0.78–1.40) and AVG abandonment, and greater relative rate of interventions after successful AVG use (RR 1.16, 95% CI 1.01–1.33). Conclusions: While AVFs should be considered the preferred vascular access in most circumstances, clinical AVF surgical outcomes are uniformly worse in females. Clinicians should also consider AVGs as a viable alternative in elderly female patients initiating hemodialysis with a CVC to avoid extended CVC dependence.
Different Effect of Hemodialysis on Function of Human Arterial and Venous Endothelial Cells
Authors: Sosinska-Zawierucha Patrycja , Baum Ewa , Mackowiak Beata , Misian Monika , Bręborowicz Andrzej
Published: December 2018

Background/aims: Hemodialysis causes the systemic inflammatory response, which may affect the function of endothelial cells. Methods: We studied the effect of the serum obtained after a hemodialysis session, compared to serum collected before the start of the treatment, on the gene expression and secretory activity of arterial endothelial cells (AECs) and venous endothelial cells (VECs) in in vitro culture. Results: Serum collected at the end of the hemodialysis session increased expression of the studied genes in VECs, and at the same time decreased their expression in AECs. Secretory activity was increased in VEC: (interleukin-6 [IL-6] +29%, p < 0.05, von Willebrand factor +23%, p < 0.02; tissue plasminogen activator [t-PA] +35%, p < 0.002, t-PA/plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 [PAI-1] ratio + 57%, p < 0.005). In AEC, synthesis of IL-6 and vascular endothelial growth factor were reduced (–36%, p < 0.02, –34%, p < 0.05, respectively) and the tPA/PAI-1 ratio was increased (+22%, p < 0.01). Conclusions: Hemodialysis induces the inflammatory, procoagulant, and profibrinolytic activity of VEC, whereas suppression of AEC is observed at the same time. Video Journal Club ‘Cappuccino with Claudio Ronco’ at https://www.karger.com/Journal/ArticleNews/223997?sponsor=52
Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease Arising from the Bladder Wall
Authors: Kufukihara Ryohei , Niwa Naoya , Mizuno Ryuichi , Ohara Kentaro , Mikami Shuji , Kikuchi Eiji , Oya Mototsugu
Published: December 2018

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a recently described inflammatory disease with multiorgan involvement. Although there were reports of IgG4-related kidney disease or prostatitis, this disease rarely presents in the bladder. In this report, we describe a case of IgG4-RD arising from bladder wall. This patient had a past history of autoimmune pancreatitis and presented with incidental bladder tumor. Magnetic resonance imaging showed low signal intensity tumor on T2-weighted image, and no invasion to the muscular layer. We performed transurethral resection. Pathological findings showed that there were chronic inflammatory changes infiltrates under the epithelium, and IgG4-positive plasma cells were scattered throughout the lesion. They met the pathological diagnostic criteria for IgG4-RD. We think this is the first case of IgG4-RD arising from and confined to the inside of the bladder wall.
Idiopathic Pan-Colonic and Small-Intestine Varices
Authors: Liptak Peter , Schnierer Martin , Banovcin Jr. Peter , Duricek Martin , Hyrdel Rudolf
Published: December 2018

Idiopathic colonic varices represent a rare source of gastrointestinal haemorrhage with a presumed incidence around 0.0007%. Herein, we present a case of idiopathic colonic and small-intestine varices. According to our knowledge, this case report is the first description of both pan-colonic and small-intestine idiopathic varices of this extent. A young male patient without any previous notable medical history was admitted to the hospital because of massive enterorrhagia with haemodynamic instability. Colonoscopy revealed massive pan-colonic varices. After stabilization, numerous diagnostic procedures were performed in order to investigate the aetiology of pan-colonic varices without any explanation of the patient’s condition. In addition, capsule endoscopy revealed varices through the whole length of the small intestine. The final diagnosis was idiopathic varices of the colon and small intestine. Because of the rapid clinical stabilization, the single incident of haemorrhage and the extension of the disease, a conservative approach was chosen (venotonics and β-blockers). During the 12-month follow-up period, the patient reported no gastrointestinal haemorrhage.
Pure Autonomic Failure with Asymptomatic Hypertensive Urgency: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Aljohar Alwaleed , Muayqil Taim , Aldeeri Abdulrahman , Jammah Anwar , Hersi Ahmad , Alhabib Khalid
Published: December 2018

We report the case study of a 70-year-old gentleman who presented with isolated, slowly progressive dizziness after prolonged standing and was eventually diagnosed with pure autonomic failure. Initially, his symptoms improved with the use of midodrine and fludrocortisone, but gradually became refractory and disabling. Despite multiple therapeutic interventions, his symptoms persisted along with worsening supine hypertension. We discuss the challenges faced in the treatment of an uncommon condition and discuss the clinical utility of performing serial 24-h ambulatory monitoring to detect subclinical blood pressure fluctuations.
Size Matters
Authors: Zweerink Alwin , Friedman Daniel J. , Klem Igor , van de Ven Peter M. , Vink Caitlin , Biesbroek P. Stefan , Hansen Steen M. , Emerek Kasper , Kim Raymond J. , van Rossum Albert C. , Atwater Brett D. , Nijveldt Robin , Allaart Cornelis P.
Published: December 2018

Background:

In patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB), QRS duration (QRSd) depends on left ventricular (LV) dimension. Previously, we demonstrated that normalizing QRSd to LV dimension, to adjust for variations in LV size, improved prediction of hemodynamic response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). In addition, sex-specific differences in CRT outcome have been attributed to normalized QRSd. The present study evaluates the effect of normalization of QRSd to LV dimension on prediction of survival after CRT implantation.

Methods:

In this 2-center study, we studied 250 heart failure patients with LV ejection fraction ≤35% and QRSd ≥120 ms who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging before CRT implantation. LV end-diastolic volumes were used for QRSd normalization (ie, QRSd/LV end-diastolic volumes). The primary end point was a combined end point of death, LV assist device, or heart transplantation.

Results:

During a median follow-up of 3.9 years, 79 (32%) patients reached the primary end point. Using univariable Cox regression, unadjusted QRSd was unrelated to CRT outcome (
P
=0.116). In contrast, normalized QRSd was a strong predictor of survival (hazard ratio, 0.81 per 0.1 ms/mL;
P
=0.008). Women demonstrated higher normalized QRSd than men (0.62±0.17 versus 0.55±0.17 ms/mL;
P
=0.003) and showed better survival after CRT (hazard ratio, 0.52;
P
=0.018). A multivariable prognostic model included normalized QRSd together with age, atrial fibrillation, renal function, and heart failure cause, whereas sex, diabetes mellitus, strict left bundle branch block morphology, and LV end-diastolic volumes were expelled from the model.

Conclusions:

Normalization of QRSd to LV dimension improves prediction of survival after CRT implantation. In addition, sex-specific differences in CRT outcome might be attributed to the higher QRSd/LV end-diastolic volumes ratio that was found in selected women, indicating more conduction delay.
Pulmonary Production of Soluble ST2 in Heart Failure
Authors: Pascual-Figal Domingo A. , Pérez-Martínez Maria T. , Asensio-Lopez Maria C. , Sanchez-Más Jesús , García-García Maria E. , Martinez Carlos M. , Lencina Miriam , Jara Ruben , Januzzi James L. , Lax Antonio
Published: December 2018

Background:

Serum concentrations of ST2 (interleukin-1 receptor-like 1) represent a meaningful prognostic marker in cardiac diseases. Production of soluble ST2 (sST2) may be partially extracardiac. Identification of sST2 sources is relevant to design strategies for modulating its signaling.

Methods and Results:

An experimental model of ischemic heart failure was used. sST2, membrane-bound ST2 (ST2L), and IL-33 were measured in lungs, heart, kidney, and liver by quantifying mRNA and protein expression in tissue samples obtained at different times (1, 2, 4, and 24 weeks). Primary human type II pneumocyte cell cultures were subjected to strain. sST2 was measured in samples of bronchial aspirate and serum obtained from patients treated with invasive respiratory support. In the experimental model, sST2 increased significantly from the first week in both lungs and myocardium, whereas ST2L/IL-33 response was unfavorable in lungs (decrease) and favorable in myocardium (increase). No changes were observed in liver and kidneys. ST2 immunostaining was intensely observed in alveolar epithelium, and sST2 was secreted by primary human type II pneumocytes in response to strain. sST2 levels in lung aspirates were substantially higher in the presence of cardiogenic pulmonary edema (median, 228 [interquartile range, 28.4–324.0] ng/mL;
P
<0.001) than bronchopneumonia (median, 5.5 [interquartile range, 1.6–6.5]) or neurological disorders (median, 2.9 [interquartile range, 1.7–10.1]), whereas sST2 concentrations in serum did not differ.

Conclusions:

The lungs are a relevant source of sST2 in heart failure. These results may have implications for the progression of disease and the development of therapies targeting the ST2 system in patients with heart failure.
Polygala pubescens Muhl. (Polygalaceae) as a replacement name for P. senega L. var. rosea Michx
Authors: PASTORE JOSÉ FLORIANO B. , MOTA MICHELLE
Published: December 2018

Polygala pubescens Muhl., often treated as an invalid name (as nomen nudum), is here considered validly published and the legitimate name for Polygala senega L. var. rosea Michx. Establishment of the validity of P. pubescens Muhl. (1813), a taxonomic synonym of Asemeia grandiflora (Walter) Small, makes P. pubescens Mart. (1815) a taxonomic synonym of P. erioptera DC. (1824), a later homonym. Muhlenberg’s names published in two editions of his Catalogus Plantarum Americae Septentrionalis (1813, 1818) are analyzed and discussed. A lectotype for Polygala pubescens Rottler ex Mart. is here designated.
Verification of taxonomic relationships within the genus Secale (Poaceae: Pooideae: Triticeae) based on multiple molecular methods
Authors: TARGOŃSKA-KARASEK MAŁGORZATA , BOLIBOK-BRĄGOSZEWSKA HANNA , OLENIECKI TYMOTEUSZ , SHARIFOVA SAIDA , KOPANIA MARTA , RAKOCZY-TROJANOWSKA MONIKA
Published: December 2018

This study aimed to verify the taxonomic relationships within the genus Secale. The plant material included 16 wild rye accessions from four species. Two approaches were applied: 1) whole genome scanning using three molecular marker systems: diversity arrays technology sequencing, simple sequence repeats and sequence-specific amplification polymorphism; and 2) characterisation based on polymorphisms within the sequences of two genes involved in benzoxazinoid biosynthesis: ScBx1 and ScBx5. Bayesian and neighbour-joining clustering and principal coordinate analysis were applied to illustrate relationships among species and accessions of Secale based on genetic distance (GD) matrices. Pearson’s correlation analysis between GD matrices was conducted. Clustering of Secale accessions revealed that S. sylvestre samples were the most divergent. The remaining accessions formed two clusters. One of them comprised S. strictum accessions while the second cluster consisted of subspecies of S. cereale, the species S. vavilovii and S. strictum subsp. ciliatoglume.
Phylogenetic analysis of Rhizoclonium (Cladophoraceae, Cladophorales), and the description of Rhizoclonium subtile sp. nov. from China
Authors: ZHAO ZHI-JUAN , ZHU HUAN , LIU GUO-XIANG , HU ZHENG-YU
Published: December 2018

The genus Rhizoclonium (Cladophoraceae, Cladophorales) accommodates uniserial, unbranched filamentous algae, closely related to Cladophora and Chaetomorpha. Its taxonomy has been problematic for a long time due to the lack of diagnostic morphological characters. To clarify the species diversity and taxonomic relationships of this genus, we collected and analyzed thirteen freshwater Rhizoclonium specimens from China. The morphological traits of these specimens were observed and described in detail. Three nuclear gene markers small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU), large subunit ribosomal DNA (LSU) and internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequences were analyzed to elucidate their phylogenetic relationships. The results revealed that there were at least fifteen molecular species assignable to Rhizoclonium and our thirteen specimens were distributed in four clades. On the basis of morphological and molecular evidence we propose the new species, R. subtile sp. nov.
Erythroxylum pyan (Erythroxylaceae), a new species from the Brazilian semiarid region
Authors: COSTA-LIMA JAMES LUCAS DA , CHAGAS EARL CELESTINO DE OLIVEIRA
Published: December 2018

Based on fieldwork and an extensive analysis of herbarium and type collections, a new species which grows in sedimentary soil in the Brazilian semiarid region, Erythroxylum pyan (Erythroxylaceae), is described here. The new species occurs in areas of hyperxerophilic caatinga in the states of Piauí, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, and Bahia. Erythroxylym pyan resemble E. nummularium, but can be distinguished by having slender branches, foliar stipules non-striated longitudinally, 2-setulose at apex, leaf blades membranous to slightly chartaceous, emarginate to retuse at apex, inflorescences with 1 flower per node, long, slender and erect pedicels, and calyx lobes cuspidate at apex. Additionally, a distribution map and data about its phenology, conservation status, and uses are provide.
A new species of Ophryotrocha (Annelida: Dorvilleidae) associated with fish farming at Macquarie Harbour, Tasmania, Australia
Authors: PAXTON HANNELORE , DAVEY ADAM
Published: December 2018

Ophryotrocha shieldsi, sp. nov. is described from Macquarie Harbour, Tasmania, Australia, where it occurs in high densities beneath the sea cages of fish farms. SCUBA and ROV underwater observations revealed closely spaced mounds of aggregations of the new species. It is closely related to O. lobifera Oug, a species reported from fish farms and whale-falls in the North Sea, from which it can be distinguished by its ovate rather than triangular dorsal lateral lobes, palps with small globular rather than longer digitate palpostyles, and additional jaw differences.
On the taxonomic status of Monstrilla leucopis Sars (Crustacea: Copepoda: Monstrilloida) from Norway, with comments on the male of M. longiremis Giesbrecht
Authors: SUAREZ-MORALES EDUARDO
Published: December 2018

Specimens of monstrilloid copepods collected and described in the early 20 th century by G.O. Sars from the coasts of Norway and deposited in the Sars Collection (University of Oslo) were re-examined. Monstrilla leucopis Sars, 1921 was described based on female and male specimens, but the species was later synonymized with M. conjunctiva Giesbrecht, 1902 by several authors. Females of this species were analyzed and compared with closely related congeners, particularly with M. conjunctiva. This analysis includes the description of previously unknown morphological details following upgraded descriptive standards in this group. Evidence was found to support the notion that the female type specimens from Kvalø, Norway represent a distinct species; thus, M. leucopis is redescribed and reinstated as a valid taxon. Previous tropical records of female M. conjunctiva are questionable, but differences with M. leucopis can be found in body and antennule proportions, the structure of the genital spines and fifth legs, and most probably, their geographical ranges. Furthermore, M. leucopis has a modified thick-walled seta on the endopods of legs 2–4, so far a unique character among monstrilloids. The single male specimen labeled as M. leucopis in the Sars Collection was also examined and it is not the male of this species as depicted by G.O. Sars (1921). It is in fact a male of M. longiremis Giesbrecht, 1893, a species for which a short supplementary description and taxonomic comments are also provided herein. The male of M. leucopis also shares some important characters with that of M. conjunctiva, but also with another male specimen that was questionably assigned to the latter species; this male probably represents an undescribed species.
Erratum: Krogmann, L. & Burks, R.A. (2009) Doddifoenus wallacei, a new giant parasitoid wasp of the subfamily Leptofoeninae (Chalcidoidea: Pteromalidae), with a description of its mesosomal skeletal anatomy and a molecular characterization. Zootaxa, 2194, 21–36.
Authors: Krogmann L. , Burks R. A.
Published: December 2018

(Erratum)
Taxonomical study on the genus Pselaphodes Westwood (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) from China. Part I.
Authors: YIN ZI-WEI , LI LI-ZHEN , ZHAO MEI-JUN
Published: December 2018

Twelve Chinese species of the genus Pselaphodes Westwood, 1870 are described and illustrated. This includes one previously known species, Pselaphodes walkeri (Sharp, 1892), and, eleven new species: P. aculeus Yin, Li & Zhao sp. nov. from Yunnan, P. cornutus Yin, Li & Zhao sp. nov. from Henan, P. declinatus Yin, Li & Zhao sp. nov. from Zhejiang, P. hlavaci Yin, Li & Zhao sp. nov. from Sichuan, P. latilobus Yin, Li & Zhao sp. nov. from Zhejiang, P. miraculum Yin, Li & Zhao sp. nov. from Guizhou, P. nomurai Yin, Li & Zhao sp. nov. from Henan and Shanxi, P. subtilissimus Yin, Li & Zhao sp. nov. from Yunnan, P. tianmuensis Yin, Li & Zhao sp. nov. from Zhejiang, P. torus Yin, Li & Zhao sp. nov. from Qinghai and P. wuyinus Yin, Li & Zhao sp. nov. from Jiangxi and Fujian. Labomimus yunnanicus Hlaváč, Nomura & Zhou, 2002 is transferred to Pselaphodes. A key to all thirteen Chinese species of Pselaphodes is provided.
The genus Lelia Walker, 1876, with the Description of One New Species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Pentatominae)
Authors: FAN ZHONG-HUA , LIU GUO-QING
Published: December 2018

Three species in Lelia Walker, 1876 are reviewed. One of them, Lelia concavaemargo, from Guangxi Province in China, is described here as new to science. Genital illustrations and photographs of both dorsal and ventral habitus are given, and a key to this genus is provided. Type specimens are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
Cryophilic Isotomidae (Collembola) of the Northwestern Rocky Mountains, U.S.A.
Authors: FJELLBERG ARNE
Published: December 2018

Descriptions of Collembola from glaciers, snowfields and cold water seeps in Alaska, British Columbia, Alberta, Washington and Oregon are presented. Myopia alaskana Christiansen and Bellinger, and Desoria uniens Christiansen and Bellinger are redescribed. The following new species are described: Desoria albicornis sp. n., Desoria triangularis sp. n., Desoria ater sp. n., Desoria garibaldii sp. n., Desoria pilifrons sp. n., Desoria cryophila sp. n., Desoria rosea sp. n., Desoria olympica sp. n., Desoria capra sp. n. and Gnathisotoma spinolabris sp. n. One new genus, Mucronia gen. n. and its type species Mucronia enigmatica sp. n. are described from Alaska. The new genus possesses some characters of both the Isotomidae and Tomoceridae having a lobed post antennal organ and a mucro with two setae.
A new species of Scinax Wagler (Anura: Hylidae) from Cerrado of Brazil
Authors: NUNES IVAN , CARVALHO JR. RONALD R. , PEREIRA EMILIANE G.
Published: December 2018

A new species of Scinax of central Brazil, closer to the Scinax maracaya (Cardoso & Sazima), from the Cerrado biome (open formations) is described. This new species is characterized by the following combination of traits: moderate size (males 28.4–30.8 mm snout vent length); presence of several flash orange-yellowish transversal stripes on thigh; vocal sac well developed; snout acuminate in profile; advertisement call with one note, 4–15 pulses, and dominant frequency 2.93–3.27 kHz. Description of the advertisement call and comments on natural history and habitat are provided.
Amphilepis neozelandica sp. nov., the first record of the Amphilepididae in New Zealand waters (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea)
Authors: MILLS V. SADIE , O’HARA TIMOTHY
Published: December 2018

A new species of Amphilepis is described from several locations around New Zealand. It is distinguished from congeners by the combination of a lack of tentacle scales, separated dorsal and ventral arm plates, ventral interradial disc scaling and characteristic sharp appearance to the disc edge. This is the first record of Amphilepididae from New Zealand waters, and current evidence suggests that it occurs between 900 and 1500 m off eastern and western New Zealand.
A reclassification of the weevil subfamily Cyclominae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: OBERPRIELER ROLF G.
Published: December 2018

The structure of mainly the ovipositor is used to better define and constitute the tribes of the weevil subfamily Cyclominae, whose composition and classification are highly confused in existing catalogues. Eight tribes are recognised in the subfamily, Cyclomini, Amycterini, Hipporhinini, Rhythirrinini, Listroderini, Notiomimetini, Dichotrachelini and Aterpini, while Diabathrariini, Gonipterini and Viticiini are excluded from it. Based on unique modifications of the ovipositor for laying eggs into the soil, the reconstituted Cyclomini, Amycterini and Hipporhinini can be regarded as monophyletic groups, while Rhythirrinini may still comprise two separate lineages. Largely due to their unmodified ovipositor and a lack of detailed taxonomic studies, Listroderini and Notiomimetini remain undefined although better constituted, while the position of the monotypic Dichotrachelini in Cyclominae is uncertain and the tribe Aterpini remains in need of comprehensive study to determine whether any of its current genera can be retained in the subfamily. As a result, the concept of the subfamily Cyclominae as a monophyletic taxon remains in doubt. Ovipositor structure further indicates a sister-group relationship between Amycterini and Hipporhinini and is also significant in delineating higher taxa in other terricolous weevils, i.e. Brachycerinae and Microcerinae. A checklist of the genera and species of the tribe Cyclomini is provided. Several taxonomic changes are proposed, as detailed in an appendix: 7 new synonymies, 2 synonymies reinstated, 4 tribes resurrected, 4 tribes transferred and 56 genera transferred.