bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermomechanical Analysis of Friction Stir Welding by Using a New Velocity-Based Model for Tool-Workpiece Interaction
Authors: Sun Zhen , Liu Pengfei , Yu Xinghua
Published: September 2021

The friction stir spot welding test was designed to measure the coefficient of friction on the tool-workpiece contact interface under different tool rotation speeds. The boundary velocity of the workpiece material was calculated based on the stress state of the material on the contact interface. An integrated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of friction stir welding (FSW) was established based on the matrix's coefficient of friction and boundary velocity to simulate heat and mass transfer. A more realistic boundary velocity distribution was acquired. A method was introduced to predict strain along a streamline by integrating the strain rate along with the streamline's reverse. The nephogram of strain on the transverse cross-section of weldment displays that strain at the advancing side (AS) is more significant than that at the retreating side (RS), and strain increases as the distance from the shoulder surface decrease. Strain in some regions can be tremendous if the material flows through the rotation flow zone. Wall heat flux on tool-workpiece contact interface at RS is more significant than that at AS. The maximum temperature was observed at the front part of RS. The model is validated since the predicted temperature profile agrees well with corresponding experimental results.
The Role of Admission Scores in Predicting Academic Performance in Medical Students
Authors: Idris Fazean , Chaw Li Ling , Knights Joe , Lim Ya Chee
Published: September 2021

BackgroundAdmission scores have been used to select highly capable students for an undergraduate medical programme. This study examines the relationship between three admission criteria: (i) multiple-mini-interview (MMI); (ii) pre-university final results (PUFR); (iii) entrance scores (combination of 50% MMI and 50% PUFR), with students’ academic performance in the medical programme at Universiti Brunei Darussalam (UBD).MethodsWe performed linear regression analysis on 125 students who completed the programme from 2013 to 2018 and compared their MMI, PUFR and entrance scores with their academic performance throughout their three years of undergraduate study. Academic performance outcomes were assessed from students’ Grade Point Average (GPA), cumulative Grade Point Average (cGPA) and marks in the modules ‘Health Sciences’ (HS), ‘Patient Care’ (PC), ‘Our Community and Personal Professional Development’ (OCPPD) and Special Study Modules, for overall (six-semesters average) and individual semesters.ResultsSimple linear regression results revealed that one unit increase in MMI score was associated with a significant increase in overall PC marks by 0.09. A 20-unit increase in PUFR was associated with a significant increase in students’ cGPA by 0.05; overall HS marks by 1.0; GPA in semesters 1,2,3,6; HS marks in semesters 1,2,3,6 and OCPPD marks in semesters 2,3. Meanwhile, one unit increase in entrance score was associated with a significant increase in cGPA by 0.01; overall HS by 0.2 marks and overall OCPPD by 0.11 marks. The effect of entrance score was also seen with increase in students’ GPA in semesters 1,2,3,4,6 by at least 0.01, as well as marks for HS in semesters 1,2,3,4,6 and OCPPD in semesters 2,3.ConclusionOur findings support that both PUFR and entrance scores as selection criteria for admission into a medical programme were associated with better academic performances, with PUFR showing a greater mark increase than entrance scores. Meanwhile, MMI showed better academic performance in the patient care module only, inferring that MMI grants a glimpse of candidates’ bedside attitude towards patients.
Musculoskeletal healthcare at a Swiss university hospital chiropractic medicine outpatient clinic in 2019: a health services research study
Authors: Hofstetter Léonie , Häusler Melanie , Mühlemann Malin , Nyirö Luana , Mühlemann Daniel , Hincapié Cesar
Published: September 2021

Background
The Balgrist University Hospital in Zurich, Switzerland, is an academic hospital focused on musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders. An integrated chiropractic medicine clinic provides chiropractic care to a broad patient population. Our health services research study aims to advance understanding of chiropractic health care service for quality assurance and health care quality improvement.
Methods
An observational clinical cohort study at the Balgrist chiropractic medicine clinic in 2019 was performed. The records of all patients with initial visits or returning initial visits (> 3 months since last visit) and their subsequent visits from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019, were used to create the study dataset. Data collected included demographic characteristics, diagnoses, imaging data, conservative treatments, surgeries, and other clinical care data. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize data.
Results
1844 distinct patients (52% female, mean age 48 ± 17 years) were eligible and included in the study. 1742 patients had a single initial visit, 101 had 2 initial visits, and 1 patient had 3 initial visits during the study period. The most common main diagnoses were: low back pain (41%; 95% CI, 39–43%), neck pain (21%; 19–23%), and thoracic pain (8%; 7–9%). 29% had an acute (< 4 weeks) symptom duration, 10% subacute (4 to 12 weeks), and 52% chronic (> 12 weeks). Patients had a median number of 5 chiropractic visits during their episode of care, with a median care episode duration of 28 days. Only 49% (95% CI, 47–52%) of patient records had a clinical outcome that was extractable from routine clinical practice documentation retrievable from the hospital system.
Conclusion
Our health services research study provides an initial understanding of the patient characteristics and MSK clinical care delivered in a Swiss outpatient hospital setting and areas for clinical data quality assurance. Deeper insights into health care services and outcomes will help to facilitate a health quality improvement initiative by identifying clinical data and health care quality gaps, and establishing overall aims and targets for improvement.
Electron-Phonon Decoupling in Two Dimensions
Authors: McArdle George , Lerner Igor V.
Published: September 2021

In order to observe many-body localisation in electronic systems, decoupling from the lattice phonons is required, which is possible only in out-of-equilibrium systems. We show that such an electron-phonon decoupling may happen in suspended films and it manifests itself via a bistability in the electron temperature. By studying the electron-phonon cooling rate in disordered, suspended films with two-dimensional phonons, we derive the conditions needed for such a bistability, which can be observed experimentally through hysteretic jumps of several orders of magnitude in the nonlinear current-voltage characteristics. We demonstrate that such a regime is achievable in systems with an Arrhenius form of the equilibrium conductivity, while practically unreachable in materials with Mott or Efros-Shklovskii hopping.
Amyloid-beta peptide (25-35) triggers a reorganization of lipid membranes driven by temperature changes
Authors: Ivankov Oleksandr , Murugova Tatiana N. , Ermakova Elena V. , Kondela Tomáš , Badreeva Dina R. , Hrubovčák Pavol , Soloviov Dmitry , Tsarenko Alexey , Rogachev Andrey , Kuklin Alexander I. , Kučerka Norbert
Published: September 2021

The amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) is considered a key factor in Alzheimer's disease (AD) ever since the discovery of the disease. The understanding of its damaging influence has however shifted recently from large fibrils observed in the inter-cellular environment to the small oligomers interacting with a cell membrane. We studied the effect of temperature on the latter interactions by evaluating the structural characteristics of zwitterionic phosphatidylcholine (PC) membranes with incorporated Aβ25-35 peptide. By means of small angle neutron scattering (SANS), we have observed for the first time a spontaneous reformation of extruded unilamellar vesicles (EULVs) to discoidal bicelle-like structures (BLSs) and small unilamellar vesicles (SULVs). These changes in the membrane self-organization happen during the thermodynamic phase transitions of lipids and only in the presence of the peptide. We interpret the dramatic changes in the membrane's overall shape with parallel changes in its thickness as the Aβ25-35 triggered membrane damage and a consequent reorganization of its structure. The suggested process is consistent with an action of separate peptides or a small number of peptide oligomers rather than the result of a large Aβ fibril.
Silver coated textile for versatile personal thermal management via multi-order reflections
Authors: Xie Xiaoyu , Liu Yang , Xu Zhao , Ge Dengteng , Yang Lili
Published: September 2021

Personal thermal management (PTM) is of paramount importance for reducing energy consumption and improving the thermal comfort of individuals. However, wearable textile via facile methods for indoor/outdoor PTM is still challenging. Here we present a novel simple yet effective method for versatile PTM via silver coated textile. Infrared transmittance of coated fabric is greatly enhanced by 150% due to the multi-order reflection of silver coating. Based on their IR radiative cooling, in indoor and outdoor, the skin surface temperature is lower by 1.1˚C and 0.9˚C than normal cloth, allowing the textile to be used in multiple environments. Moreover, the coated fabric is capable of active warming up under low voltage, which can be used in low-temperature conditions. These promising results exemplify the practicability of using silver coated textile as a personal thermal management cloth in versatile environments.
Title: Association of XRCC3, XRCC4, BAX and BCL-2 Polymorphisms with the Risk of Breast Cancer
Authors: Ozoran Emre , Trabulus Fadime Didem Can , Erhan Duygu , Batar Bahadir , Guven Mehmet
Published: September 2021

Background
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women. Genetic risk factors associated with breast cancer incidence have been identified.
Aims
The aim of this study was to determine the association of XRCC3 Thr241Met (rs861539), XRCC4 G(-1394)T (rs6869366) DNA repair and BAX G(-248)A (rs4645878), BCL2 C(-938)A (rs2279115) apoptotic gene polymorphisms with breast cancer.
Materials and Methods
Genetic analysis was performed using peripheral blood samples. Gene polymorphisms were detected by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. 175 patients and 158 healthy controls were enrolled in the study.
Results
Breast cancer risk was 5.43 times more in individuals with AA genotype of Bax G(-248)A (rs4645878) (p = 0.002). The risk of metastasis was 11 times with this genotype. It was associated with 6 times more risk of having a tumor larger than 2 cm. The risk of breast cancer was 2.77 times more in individuals carrying the Met/Met genotype of XRCC3 Thr241Met (rs861539) (p = 0.009). The risk of having advanced clinical stage (stage III + IV) with the Met/Met genotype was 4 times more increased. No relationship with breast cancer was found with XRCC4 G(-1394)T (rs6869366) and BCL2 C(− 938)A(rs2279115) gene polymorphisms.
Conclusion
Multi-center trials using subjects with genetic variations are needed to establish the relationship between breast cancer and single gene polymorphism.
The COVID-19 Hospitalization Metric in the Pre- and Post-vaccination Eras as a Measure of Pandemic Severity: A Retrospective, Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Fillmore Nathanael , La Jennifer , Zheng Chunlei , Doron Shira , Do Nhan , Monach Paul , Branch-Elliman Westyn
Published: September 2021

Importance: Since the early days of the pandemic, COVID-19 hospitalizations have been used as a measure of pandemic severity. However, case definitions do not include assessments of disease severity, which may be impacted by prior vaccination.Objective: To measure how the severity of respiratory disease changed among inpatients with documented SARS-CoV-2 infection and to measure the impact of vaccination status on these trends, in order to evaluate the accuracy of the metric of “hospitalization plus a positive SARS-CoV-2 test” for tracking pandemic severity.Design: Retrospective cohort of inpatients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2. All data were obtained from electronic health records.Setting: Multi-center, nationwide study conducted in the healthcare system of the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) from March 1, 2020, through June 30, 2021.Participants: All VA patients admitted to a VA hospital with a laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection within the 14-days prior to admission or during the hospital admission.Main Outcome: Moderate-to-severe COVID-19 disease, defined by use of any supplemental oxygen or documented SpO2 <94%, during an inpatient hospitalization between one day before and two weeks after a positive SARS-CoV-2 test.Exposure: SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status at the time of hospitalization. Patients were regarded as fully vaccinated starting 14 days after receiving the second of a 2-dose regimen or 14 days after receipt of a single-dose vaccine.Results: Among 47,742 admissions in 38,508 unique patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2, N=28,731 met the criteria for moderate-to-severe COVID-19. The proportion with moderate-to-severe disease prior to widespread vaccine availability was 64.0% (95% CI, 63.1-64.9%) versus 52.0% in the later period (95% CI, 50.9-53.2%), p-value for non-constant effect, <0.001. Disease severity in the vaccine era among hospitalized patients was lower among both unvaccinated (55.0%, 95% CI, 53.7-56.4%) and vaccinated patients (42.6%, 95% CI, 40.6-44.8%).Conclusions and Relevance: The proportion of hospitalizations that are due to severe COVID-19 has changed with vaccine availability, thus, increasing proportions of mild and asymptomatic cases are included in hospitalization reporting metrics. The addition of simple measures of disease severity to the case definition of a SARS-CoV-2 hospitalization is a straightforward and objective change that should improve the value of the metric for tracking SARS-CoV-2 disease burden.
PARÂMETROS PARA ESTABELECIMENTO DE POLÍTICA DE GESTÃO DE ESTOQUE EM HOSPITAIS PÚBLICOS UNIVERSITÁRIOS
Authors: Lopes de Souza Claudia , Gerardin Poirot Land Marcelo
Published: September 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estabelecer parâmetros para política de compras eficiente e adequada à realidade de uma organização pública de saúde. Para tal, foram explorados os principais tópicos inerentes ao bom planejamento de estoque e suas peculiaridades ao adaptá-los ao sistema público brasileiro. Demonstra-se que o custo total da operação vai variar consideravelmente, tanto com a variação do tempo de resposta quanto com o intervalo entre as revisões de estoque. Ao menos para itens de alto custo, assumir revisões frequentes e menores tempos de resposta é essencial para economia hospitalar. A sazonalidade e variação de demanda, também têm seu impacto quantificado no artigo. Ao abordar nível de serviço, lida com o desafio de diminuir a super estocagem sem incorrer em falta de insumos. A estratificação é artifício apropriado para minimizar custos enquanto que a definição de limites orçamentários possibilita racionalizar pedidos. Ajustar o planejamento de estoque à realidade da gestão pública é um desafio e a simulação de cenários permite antever gargalos e deficiências.

Palavras-chave: logística hospitalar, gestão estoque, planejamento de compras.
Hyperbolic two-temperature generalized thermoelasticity with fractional order strain of solid cylinder
Authors: A. El-Bary Alaa
Published: September 2021

A novel mathematical model of thermoelastic of a homogenous isotropic solid cylindrical infinite medium has been constructed in this paper. Thermally shocked is the bounding surface of the cylinder. In the sense of the hyperbolic two-temperature generalized thermoelasticity with fractional stress theory, the governing equations have been taken. Different values of the fractional order and two-temperature parameters have shown numerical results for the dynamical and conductive temperature increment, strain, displacement, and average stress, which are graphically applicable to all the functions studied. The fractional-order parameter has significant effects on stress and displacement distributions, while it has little effect on the dynamical and conductive temperatures increment and significant effects on all studied functions as well as on the two-temperature parameter. The two-temperature hyperbolic model is precious and effective.
Convolutional mask-wearing recognition algorithm for an interactive smart biometric platform
Authors: Bałazy Patryk , Gut Paweł , Knap Paweł
Published: September 2021

This paper presents the results of a neural convolutional system for recognizing the wearing of a mask by people entering a building. The algorithm is provided with input data thanks to cameras placed in the humanoid robot COVIDguard. The data collected by the humanoid – the temperature of people entering the facility, the location of the person, the way the protective mask was applied – are stored in the cloud, which enables the application of advanced image recognition algorithms and, consequently, the tracking of people within the range of the robot’s sensory systems by the administrator and the verification of the security level in the given premises. The paper presents the architecture of the intelligent COVIDguard platform, the structure of the sensory system and the results of the neural network learning.
Methane production from food waste using a feedback control strategy in a sequencing batch reactor
Authors: Jiménez-Ocampo U. E. , Vargas A. , Moreno-Andrade I.
Published: September 2021

The performance of a feedback control strategy in the operation of a sequencing batch reactor was evaluated. This strategy uses the online biogas flow measurements to define the duration of the reaction phase of each operating cycle, thereby increasing the energy production of the system and maximizing the methane production rate. The reaction phase is ended when the biogas flow rate reaches a sustained value significantly lower value than the maximum flow rate achieved, as a consequence of the depletion of the soluble chemical oxygen demand. The implementation of the depletion-time control was successful and reached a maximum methane production rate of 1.22 L CH4/d, showing an average productivity of 0.73 ± 0.3 L CH4/d. The reaction phase varied from 1.2 to 6 days with hydraulic retention times from 6 to 30 days. The use of this feedback control strategy increased the methane production and the energy production in 80% of the evaluated cycles (from 10.4 to 43.8%) compared to the operation of conventional AD without a control strategy. Furthermore, the strategy is easy to implement since it does not require complex calculations and uses a readily available biogas flow rate sensor.
CUIDADOS DE ENFERMAGEM NA PREVENÇÃO DA PNEUMONIA ASSOCIADA À VENTILAÇÃO MECÂNICA
Authors: Da Silva Costa Givanilson , Barbosa de Lima Daniela , Larissa Nepomuceno Torres Rebeca , Lara Costa Manso Maria , César dos Santos Oberto , Augusto da Silva João , Matheus Missias da Silva Marcos , Augusto Lopes Oliveira Diego , Régia Sousa de Medeiros Rosa , Marinho Silva Barbosa Lidiane
Published: September 2021

Introdução: A ventilação mecânica invasiva é um recurso terapêutico artificial, que possui a finalidade de equilíbrio da ventilação e/ou oxigenação de pacientes com insuficiência respiratória, entre as complicações desta intervenção, destaca-se a pneumonia. Nesse âmbito, o enfermeiro tem um papel primordial na criação de programas de prevenção das infecções, sobretudo na precaução da pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica nas unidades de terapia intensiva. Objetivo: Descrever as ações de enfermagem para prevenção da pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica invasiva na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo bibliográfico, do tipo revisão integrativa da literatura, para qual, definiu-se como ambiente de pesquisa as bases de dados BDENF, LILACS e MEDLINE. Elencou-se artigos publicados nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol no período entre 2015 a 2019. Explorou-se os artigos a partir da leitura dos títulos, resumos e texto completo, considerando os estudos que estivessem de acordo com o objetivo proposto, sendo selecionados 7 artigos para compor esta revisão. Resultados: Observou-se nos artigos analisados, a importância da adesão dos protocolos e bundles de prevenção da pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica, para quais compreendem práticas como a verificação da pressão do cuff, elevação da cabeceira, aspiração de secreção, higiene oral, validade dos artigos médicos, lavagens das mãos e a interrupção da infusão de sedativos. Conclusões: Preconiza-se a adesão de medidas preventivas da pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica nas unidades de terapia intensiva, as quais precisam ser praticadas rigorosamente pelos profissionais de enfermagem, por serem representantes do cuidado. Ressalta-se a necessidade de atualizações e construções de protocolos com medidas que possam prevenir as infecções de trato respiratório oriundas do uso da ventilação mecânica invasiva.
A SUPLEMENTAÇÃO COM PROBIÓTICOS É EFICAZ NO TRATAMENTO DE ALERGIA ALIMENTAR EM CRIANÇAS? REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Filizola Dantas Carneiro Tatiana , Christiane de Azevedo Machado Flávia , De Oliveira Suelen Ferreira
Published: September 2021

Introdução: As alergias alimentares são definidas como uma reação imunológica adversa que se repete mediante a exposição a determinado alimento. Essas reações variam da anafilaxia (mais grave) à manifestações gastrointestinais. O tratamento preconizado das alergias alimentares é a exclusão absoluta do alimento da dieta da criança. Objetivo: Através de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, avaliamos a eficácia da suplementação com probióticos no tratamento de alergias alimentares em crianças, na redução dos sintomas e/ou na aquisição de tolerância, identificando cepa mais eficaz, relação dose-resposta e efeitos adversos de seu uso. Metodologia: Para busca de ensaios clínicos e outras revisões, utilizamos as bases científicas Science Direct, a Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), PubMed e MEDLINE, com as palavras-chave “probiotics”, “treatment”, “food allergy”, “children”, e “infant”. Após a aplicação dos critérios de exclusão, foram selecionados quatro ensaios clínicos randomizados, cinco revisões e uma metanálise; a amostra de todos os estudos foi de lactentes com alergia à proteína do leite de vaca (APLV). Resultados: Os estudos apontaram que o uso de fórmula infantil extensamente hidrolisada (FEH) com Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, em doses de 1x106 a 5x108 cfu/g, é eficaz tanto em acelerar a melhora do eczema atópico, como em induzir tolerância em crianças na faixa de idade de 1 mês a 3 anos que não tenham reações anafiláticas ao leite de vaca. Conclusões: Outros ensaios clínicos com amostras maiores devem ser realizados antes de incluir os probióticos na prática clínica, inclusive para avaliar melhor seu perfil de segurança.
Palavras-Chave: Probióticos, Eficácia; Hipersensibilidade Alimentar; Hipersensibilidade a Leite; Criança.
INTERSETORIALIDADE NA PROMOÇÃO DA SAÚDE DA CRIANÇA E DO ADOLESCENTE: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA DA INTEGRAÇÃO ENSINO-SERVIÇO
Authors: De Azevedo Machado Flávia Christiane , Dantas de Oliveira Nayara Priscila , Maia Morais Gabriel , Peres dos Santos Gabriel , Pelogio de Macedo Yasmin
Published: September 2021

Introdução: Para instituir a intersetorialidade como prática cotidiana deve-se viabilizar uma formação profissional coerente. Neste sentido, experiências ensino-serviço são importantes meios para esta formação.  Objetivo: Relatar a experiência das ações voltadas a adolescentes e crianças desenvolvidas em equipamentos sociais adscritos a uma Unidade Saúde da Família de Natal-RN em 2018.2 no contexto da disciplina Saúde e Cidadania.  Metodologia: A partir do conhecimento geral do território e compreensão de sua dinâmica, sob o referencial da problematização, foram desenvolvidos planos operativos, articulando lideranças locais e comunidade, para contribuir com o desenvolvimento local.  Desta forma, foram realizadas três intervenções: estações temáticas para abordar programas do governo de acesso à educação superior e técnica, carreira militar; Infecção Sexualmente Transmissível, hábitos alimentares saudáveis e iniquidades utilizando dinâmica interativa (escola estadual); gincana com as crianças e uma palestra com os pais sobre os desafios para a educação dos filhos (Centro de convivência) e teatro de fantoches sobre higiene pessoal; musicalização com as crianças; dinâmica com massinhas e pintura; instrução sobre lavagem das mãos e escovação dos dentes; momento literário (Centro Municipal de Educação Infantil). Resultados: As intervenções tiveram um caráter intersetorial e obtiveram um balanço positivo tanto pelo público-alvo, como pelos membros do grupo tutorial. As atividades realizadas propiciaram produtos de extensão (paródia; jogo; dinâmica) que viabilizaram trabalhar habilidades cognitivas, artísticas e relacionais do grupo, favorecendo a transformação do grupo em uma equipe. O grupo tutorial buscou estimular os equipamentos sociais a atuarem em conjunto, buscando a prática vivencial da intersetorialidade. Além disso, buscou difundir informações sobre determinantes sociais da educação e alimentação, objetivando maior empoderamento da comunidade. Conclusões: Os produtos gerados na experiência podem ser utilizados em outros contextos conferindo uma maior amplitude de alcance deste relato como um referencial de ações a serem desenvolvidas.
ANÁLISE DE UMA PRÁTICA INTERPROFISSIONAL COLABORATIVA NA ESTRATÉGIA SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA
Authors: Diniz Aracelli Laise Tavares Mendonça , Melo Ricardo Henrique Vieira de , Vilar Rosana Lúcia Alves de
Published: September 2021

Introdução: No contexto da Atenção Primária em Saúde brasileira, a complexidade das situações vivenciadas pelas equipes da Estratégia Saúde da Família demandam intervenções ampliadas no seu cotidiano profissional, produtos de um conjunto de saberes. Objetivo: Analisar a Prática Interprofissional Colaborativa realizada pelos profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família e do Núcleo Ampliado de Saúde da Família e Atenção Básica; descrever o processo de trabalho desenvolvido; e identificar as competências colaborativas no desenvolvimento dessa prática. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, compreensivo-interpretativo, qualitativo, ambientado em um município de pequeno porte. Os participantes foram profissionais atuantes no acompanhamento do crescimento e desenvolvimento de crianças de 0 a 2 anos. A coleta ocorreu através de: entrevista semiestruturada; aplicação de questionários sobre perfil profissional e competências colaborativas; e observação direta, apoiada por diário de campo. Os dados, analisados por Análise Temática de Conteúdo, foram interpretados pelos referenciais sobre a Interprofissionalidade. Resultados: A experiência profissional e o tempo de trabalho foram vinculados à implementação e sustentação da prática investigada. As seguintes competências colaborativas foram consideradas presentes e latentes: comunicação interprofissional; cuidado centrado no paciente; funcionamento da equipe; clareza de papéis; resolução de conflitos; e liderança colaborativa. Conclusões: Os achados apontaram para o desenvolvimento de uma efetiva experiência interprofissional colaborativa, pela práxis dialógica entre o saber e o fazer. Ressalta-se a necessidade de novos estudos que possam apresentar o impacto dessas práticas sobre a qualidade do serviço ofertado.
Palavras-Chave: Relações Interprofissionais. Saúde da Família, Atenção Primária à Saúde.
PREVALÊNCIA DE MALOCLUSÃO EM DENTIÇÃO DECÍDUA NOS ALUNOS DO ENSINO PRÉ-ESCOLAR DO CONCELHO DE PORTO DE MÓS (PORTUGAL)
Authors: Ventura Irene , Jorge José Miguel , Barata Ana Raquel , Kizi Gunel
Published: September 2021

Introdução:A maloclusão é considerada a segunda doença oral mais comum em crianças e jovens adultos. É importante saber identificar estas alterações de forma a permitir um adequado desenvolvimento da oclusão. O diagnostico de um desenvlvimeno anormal na dentição decídua é relevante para uma prevenção e quando necessário uma intervenção precoce. Objetivo:O objetivo deste estudo transversal foi avaliar a prevalência de maloclusão em crianças com dentição decídua e relacionar com diferentes parâmetros.Metodologia:Observaram-se 300 crianças de ambos os sexos, com idades compreendidas entre os 3 e os 6 anos. A recolha de dados foi realizada a partir do exame clínico com recurso a kits de observação, em ambiente escolar, no Agrupamento de Escolas de Porto de Mós, Distrito Sanitário de Leiria. Analisaram-se as seguintes características: Tipo de arco de Baume, espaços primatas, diastemas, apinhamento, relação distal dos segundos molares decíduos, relação canina, sobremordida e sobressaliência, mordida anterior e posterior.Resultados:A prevalência de maloclusão registada foi de 67,7%, verificando-se ser mais baixa aos seis anos, sem apresentar diferenças significativas em ambos os sexos. A sobressaliência foi a maloclusão mais prevalente (42,7%) nas crianças observadas, seguida da mordida aberta anterior (23,3%). Registou-se uma elevada prevalência de maloclusão nas crianças com arco de Baume tipo II, sem diastemas ou espaços primatas, com apinhamento, degrau distal, classe II canina ou desvio da linha média para a direita.Conclusões:Verificou-se existir uma elevada prevalência de maloclusão nas crianças do agrupamento de escolas do Concelho de Porto de Mós, estando esta relacionada com diferentes parâmetros oclusais.
Palavras-Chave:crianças, dentição decídua, maloclusão.
The Role of Celecoxib as a Potential Inhibitor in the Treatment of
Inflammatory Diseases - A Review
Authors: Cruz Josiane Viana , Rosa Joaquín María Campos , Kimani Njogu Mark , Giuliatti Silvana , dos Santos Cleydson Breno Rodrigues
Published: September 2021

This article aims at reviewing celecoxib as a potential inhibitor in the treatment
of inflammatory diseases. The enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX) predominantly has
two isoforms called cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). The
former plays a constitutive role related to homeostatic effects in renal and platelets, while
the latter is mainly responsible for the induction of inflammatory effects. Since COX-2
plays an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, it has been signaled
as a target for the planning of anti-inflammatory intermediates. Many inhibitors developed
and planned for COX-2 inhibition have presented side effects to humans, mainly in
the gastrointestinal and/or cardiovascular tract. Therefore, it is necessary to design new
potential COX-2 inhibitors, which are relatively safe and have no side effects. In this
sense, celecoxib is the only potent, selective COX-2 inhibitor that is still commercially
available (within the “coxib” family). Thus, celecoxib became a commercial prototype inhibitor
for the development of anti-inflammatory agents for the COX-2 enzyme. This review
provides inhibition highlights that should provide a structural basis for the design of
promising new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which act as COX-2 inhibitors
with lesser side effects on the human body.
Escherichia coli and Colorectal Cancer: Unfolding the Enigmatic
Relationship
Authors: Rezaee Mohammad Ahangarzadeh , Nouri Roghayeh , Hasani Alka , Shirazi Kourosh Masnadi , Alivand Mohammad Reza , Sepehri Bita , Sotoodeh Simin , Hemmati Fatemeh
Published: September 2021

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the deadliest cancers in the world. Specific strains of intestinal Escherichia coli (E. coli) may influence the initiation and development of CRC by exploiting virulence factors and inflammatory pathways. Mucosa-associated E. coli strains are more prevalent in CRC biopsies in comparison to healthy controls. Moreover, these strains can survive and replicate within macrophages and induce a pro-inflammatory response. Chronic exposure to inflammatory mediators can lead to increased cell proliferation and cancer. Production of colobactin toxin by the majority of mucosa-associated E. coli isolated from CRC patients is another notable finding. Colibactin-producing E. coli strains, in particular, induce double-strand DNA breaks, stop the cell cycle, involve in chromosomal rearrangements of mammalian cells and are implicated in carcinogenic effects in animal models. Moreover, some enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) strains are able to survive and replicate in colon cells as chronic intracellular pathogens and may promote susceptibility to CRC by downregulation of DNA Mismatch Repair (MMR) proteins. In this review, we discuss current evidence and focus on the mechanisms by which E. coli can influence the development of CRC.
Recent Advancement in the One-pot Synthesis of the Tri-substituted
Methanes (TRSMs) and their Biological Applications
Authors: Verma Monika , Thakur Ajay , Sharma Renu , Bharti Ruchi
Published: September 2021

:

The history of tri-substituted methanes (TRSMs) in chemical industries is much older. Tri-substituted methanes were previously used as dyes in the chemical industries. Still, there is a significant surge in researchers' interest in them due to their wide range of bioactivities. Tri-substituted methane derivatives show a wide range of biological activities like anti-tumor, antimicrobial, antibiofilm, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic activities. Due to the wide range of medicinal applications shown by tri-substituted methanes, most of the methodologies reported in the literature for the synthesis of TRSMs are focused on the one-pot method. This review explored the recently reported one-pot processes for synthesizing tri-substituted methanes and their various medicinal applications. Based on the substitution attached to the -CH carbon, this review categorizes them into two major classes: (I) symmetrical and (II) unsymmetrical trisubstituted methanes. In addition, this review gives an insight into the growing opportunities for the construction of trisubstituted scaffolds via one-pot methodologies. To the best of our knowledge, no one has yet reported a review on the one-pot synthesis of TRSMs. Therefore, here we present a brief literature review of the synthesis of both symmetrical and unsymmetrical TRSMs covering various one-pot methodologies along with their medicinal applications.
Ag-catalyzed Multicomponent Synthesis of Heterocyclic Compounds: A
Review
Authors: Mamaghani Manouchehr , Nia Roghayeh Hossein , Tavakoli Fatemeh
Published: September 2021

The investigation of the procedures for the multi-component synthesis of heterocycles has attracted the interest of organic and medicinal chemists. The use of heterogeneous catalysts, especially transition metal catalysts in organic synthesis, can provide a new, improved alternative to traditional methods in modern synthetic chemistry. The main focus is on the utilization of silver as a catalyst for the multi-component synthesis of heterocyclic compounds. The present review describes some important reported studies for the period of 2010 to 2020.

Conclusion:

The present review addresses some of the important reported studies on multi-component synthesis of heterocycles in the period of 2010-2020. These approaches were performed under classical and nonclassical conditions, using Ag salts, Ag NPs, Ag on the support, Ag as co-catalysts with other transition metals, ionic liquids, acidic or basic materials. Most of the reported reactions were performed under solvent-free conditions or in green solvents and the utilized catalysts were mostly recyclable. The main aim of the present review is to provide the organic chemists with the most appropriate procedures in the multi-component synthesis of desired heterocycles using silver catalysts.
Recent Advances in the Green Synthesis of Heterocycles: From Building
Blocks to Biologically Active Compounds
Authors: Schäfer Christian , Cho Hyejin , Vlocskó Bernadett , Xie Guoshu , Török Béla
Published: September 2021

:

Recent advances in the environmentally benign synthesis of common heterocycles are described. This account features three main parts; the preparation of non-aromatic heterocycles, one-ring aromatic heterocycles and their condensed analogs. Due to the great variety of and high interest in these compounds, this work focuses on providing representative examples of the preparation of the target compounds.
Inactivation of PDH can Reduce Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cells’ Sensitivity to Artemisinin
Authors: Li Yitian
Published: September 2021

Background:

Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer (ATC) is a rare subtype of thyroid tumors with a high mortality
rate. Targeted therapies against ATC are ineffective and mostly transient. Artemisinin has shown excellent anti-tumor
activity in several cancers, but its effects on ATC are still unknown.

Objective:

To evaluate the effects of artemisinin on ATC cells and assess the mechanism underlying drug resistance.

Methods:

The viability and proliferation rates of the artemisinin-treated CAL-62 and BHT-101 cells were analyzed by
MTT and EdU incorporation assays. The protein expression levels were determined by Tandem Mass Tag (TMT)
labeling quantitative proteomics and western blotting.

Results:

Artemisinin treatment significantly decreased the expression levels of COX2 and COX7A2 and increased that
of COX14, YEM1l1, ALAS1, and OAT after 48h. In addition, FTL was upregulated in the CAL-62 cells and downregulated
in BHT-101 cells. The CAL-62 cells showed transient and reversible resistance to artemisinin, which was
correlated to time-dependent changes in HIF1α, PDK1, and PDHA levels.

Conclusion:

Artemisinin targets the mitochondrial respiratory chain proteins in ATC cells. CAL-62 cells show transient
resistance to artemisinin via PDH downregulation, indicating that PDH activation may enhance the cytotoxic
effects of artemisinin on ATC cells
Computational Elucidation of Phylogenetic, Functional and Structural Features of Methioninase from Pseudomonas, Escherichia, Clostridium and Citrobacter Strains
Authors: Irajie Cambyz , Mohkam Milad , Vakili Bahareh , Nezafat Navid
Published: September 2021

Background:

L-Methioninase (EC 4.4.1.11; MGL) is a pyridoxal
phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzyme that is produced by a variety of bacteria, fungi,
and plants. L-methioninase, especially from Pseudomonas and Citrobacter
sp., is considered as the efficient therapeutic enzyme, particularly in cancers such
as glioblastomas, medulloblastoma, and neuroblastoma that are more sensitive to
methionine starvation. Objective: The low stability is one of the main drawbacks
of the enzyme; in this regard, in the current study, different features of the enzyme,
including phylogenetic, functional, and structural from Pseudomonas,
Escherichia, Clostridium, and Citrobacter strains were evaluated to find the best
bacterial L-Methioninase.

Methods:

After the initial screening of L-Methioninase sequences from the
above-mentioned bacterial strains, the three-dimensional structures of enzymes
from Escherichia fergusonii, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Clostridium homopropionicum
were determined through homology modeling via GalaxyTBM server
and refined by GalaxyRefine server.

Results & Conclusion:

Afterwards, PROCHECK, verify 3D, and ERRAT
servers were used for verification of the obtained models. Moreover, antigenicity,
allergenicity, and physico-chemical analysis of enzymes were also carried
out. In order to get insight into the interaction of the enzyme with other proteins,
the STRING server was used. The secondary structure of the enzyme is mainly
composed of random coils and alpha-helices. However, these outcomes should
further be validated by wet-lab investigations.
Cordycepin and its Nucleoside Analogs for the Treatment of Systemic
COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Chellapandi P. , Saranya S.
Published: September 2021

:

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a new coronavirus isolated from Wuhan, China. It is a global
health emergency, and there is no effective antiviral therapeutics available to date. Continuous
structural genomic insights of SARS-CoV-2 proteins provide a warranty for the development of rational-
based antivirals. Nevertheless, a structure-based drug candidate with multiple therapeutic actions
would be a practical choice of medication in the treatment of severe COVID-19 patients.
Cordycepin from medicinal fungi (Cordyceps spp.) and its nucleoside analogs targeting viral RNAdependent
RNA polymerase and human RNase L have potent antiviral activity against various human
viruses with additional immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. Anti-inflammation
treatment is of pivotal importance and should be timely tailored to the individual patient along with
antivirals. Our perspective on the combined antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects of cordycepin
and its analogs suggests them as new therapeutics in the treatment of systemic COVID-19 infection.
Drug Sensitivity Testing for Cancer Therapy, Technique Analysis and
Trends
Authors: Lu Da-Yong , Lu Ting-Ren
Published: September 2021

:

The techniques and qualities of drug sensitivity testing (DST) for anticancer treatment
have grown rapidly in the past two decades worldwide. Much of DST progress came from advanced
systems of technical versatility (faster, highly-throughput, highly-sensitive, and smaller in
tumor quantity). As the earliest drug selective system, biomedical knowledge and technical advances
for DST are mutually supported. More importantly, many pharmacological controversies
are resolved by these technical advances. With this technical stride, the clinical landscape of DST
entered into a new phase (>500 samples per testing and extremely low quantity of tumor cells). As
a forerunner of the drug selection system, DST awaits a new version that can adapt to complicated
therapeutic situations and diverse tumor categories in the clinic. By upholding this goal of pathogenic
and therapeutic diversity, DST could eventually cure more cancer patients by establishing
high-quality drug selection systems. To smoothen DST development, there is a need to increase the
understanding of cancer biology, pathology and pharmacology (cancer heterogeneity, plasticity,
metastasis and drug resistance) with well-informative parameters before chemotherapy. In this article,
medicinal and technical insights into DST are especially highlighted.
A comparative clinical study on the effect of Gudashunti
Nasya and Kola Kulattadi Ruksha Sweda in
Manyasthamba
Authors: K Sandeep , G Guruprasad , Hegde Veeraj
Published: September 2021

Due to present day lifestyle, a greater number of people are inclined to desk work and computer
usage leading to many disorders. Manyasthamba is one among such disorders where the stiffness of
neck with severe pain is the classical symptom which hampers our day to day life. While explaining
treatment of Manyasthamba our Acharyas explained Rukshasweda and Nasya Karma as main line of
treatment. Here a study was done by taking Gudashunti Yoga explained in Sharangadara Samhita
indicated for Nasya and Kolakulattadi Churna indicated in Vatavyadhi explained in Ashtanga Sangraha
for Ruksha Churna Sweda. A comparative clinical study of 40 patients suffering from Manyastambha
were selected after thorough investigation. Patients were subjected to Nasya Karma in Group A and
Ruksha Sweda and Nasya Karma in Group B for 7 days. Patients were assessed based on standard
parameters before and after treatment and 7 days follow up. The statistical analysis revealed that
there was a significant improvement in parameters like pain and stiffness. Hence proving the efficacy
in the condition.
A comparative study of effect of Chandraprabha Vati and
Gudamalaka Yoga in Pittaja Mutrakruchra w.s.r. to
Lower UTI
Authors: Kudari Savitha V. , Parvathy Midhu
Published: September 2021

Urinary tract infections are common causes of infections which lead to various morbidities and also to
mortality in severe neglected cases. With the presentation of symptoms it is closely related to
Mutrakruchra in Ayurveda. The major problem with the antibiotics are resistance of bacteria and high
chances of recurrence. Chandraprabha Vati and Gudamalaka Yoga are indicated drugs in Mutrakruchra
condition. This study evaluates the efficacy between the two drugs in the management of Urinary tract
infections. It was found that both Chandraprabha Vati and Gudamalaka Yoga are very effective in the
management of Urinary tract infections.
Development and validation of a Yoga module for Primary dysmenorrhoea
Authors: PS Vijaya kumar , N Manjushree , AU Sahana
Published: September 2021

Menstrual pain without organic pathology is considered to be primary dysmenorrhoea. Dysmenorrhoea refers to the occurrence of painful menstrual cramps of uterine origin. It is a common gynaecological condition with considerable morbidity affecting majority of the adolescent girls, yet which is under diagnosed and under treated. Yoga can be considered as a simple and safe management tool for Primary Dysmenorrhoea. Studies have reported the beneficial role of Yoga in alleviating the symptoms of Primary dysmenorrhoea; however, a validated Yoga module for Primary dysmenorrhoea is unavailable. This study developed and validated an integrated Yoga module (IYM) for Primary dysmenorrhoea. Methods: The IYM was prepared after a thorough review of classical Yoga texts and previous findings. Twenty experienced Yoga experts, who fulfilled the inclusion criteria, were selected validating the content of the IYM. A total of 38 practices were included in the IYM, and each practice was discussed and rated as (i) not essential, (ii) useful but not essential, and (iii) essential; the content validity ratio (CVR) was calculated using Lawshe’s formula. Results: Data analysis revealed that of the 38 IYM practices, 18 exhibited significant content validity (cut-off value: 0.42, as calculated by applying Lawshe’s formula for the CVR). Conclusion: The IYM is valid for Primary dysmenorrhoea, with good content validity. However, future studies must determine the feasibility and efficacy of the developed module.
A randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect on pain by Agnikarma with Madhuchista (bee wax) and Panchaloha Shalaka in Vatakantaka
Authors: Hiremata Vijayananda , Balaraddi Shivaputra L. , Bagi Hanumanth M.
Published: September 2021

Background: Vaatakantaka explained in the context of Vatavyadhi, it has been said that when the foot is kept on the uneven ground or placing the foot improperly (while walking) or by over exertion of the foot, Vata localized in the Khudaka (heel region) gets aggravated and produces pain. Sharp stinging pain at the heel of foot which resembles the symptoms of calcaneus spur. All the Ayurvedic classics have given due importance to the Vatavyadhi and especially Shoola Pradhana Vatavyadhi. Among the Anushastra Chikitsa, Agnikarma is gaining acceptance and becoming more popular among Ayurvedic surgeons. The procedure of Agnikarma is very short and gives instant relief. In this study Agnikarma is performed with two different materials in the treatment of Vatakantaka. Hence here is an attempt is made to compare the efficacy of Agnikarma with Panchalohashalaka with Madhuchista in the management of pain in Vatakantaka.