bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dharma Therapy: A Buddhist Counselling Approach to Acknowledging and Enhancing Perspectives, Attitudes and Values
Authors: Hung Sik Hin , Wa Jennifer Yim Shui
Published: December 2020

In the modern world, psychological problems like anxiety and depression are common phenomena in society. Dharma therapy is a Buddhist teaching-based therapeutic intervention which utilizes the Buddhist model of ending suffering to help clients to deal with psychological issues. In many cases, it has been shown to be effective. The present case study illustrates how the client, Mr. Peter Chan, who was suffering from anxiety, benefited from going through the intervention of Dharma Therapy. The article will describe what is Dharma Therapy, Mr. Chan’s psychological issues and how the seven steps of Dharma Therapy helped Mr. Chan to deal with his sufferings. Psychological tests administered before and after the therapeutic intervention showed improvement in all aspects of anxiety.
Know Thyself: Jane Discovers the Value of Her Depression
Authors: Browne Tamara Kayali
Published: December 2020

Western culture tends to view depression more often than not as something to be avoided and eradicated. Yet there are individuals who have been through the journey of depression, diagnosis and treatment who challenge this view. In what follows, Jane recounts her story in which depression becomes a catalyst for understanding herself and her past. The insight she gained, in turn, led to self-growth—all of which she would not have gained had she not become depressed. Jane’s story also emphasises the importance of looking to the context of one’s depression—a view which presents a challenge to the current focus on the symptomatology of depression in medical manuals such as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Jane felt that understanding the context in which her depression arose, which she achieved through talking therapy, was key to her recovery. Jane shows us what we potentially lose with our current focus, and the value that may actually be gained from the journey into and out of depression.
The Role of Culture, Values and Trauma in Shaping Abnormal Bodily Experience in Migrants
Authors: Aragona Massimiliano
Published: December 2020

The way somatization is expressed—including the actual somatoform symptoms experienced—varies in different persons and in different cultures. Traumatic experiences are intertwined with cultural and social values in shaping the resulting psychopathological phenomena, including bodily experiences. Four ideal-typical cases are presented to show the different levels involved. The effects of trauma, culture and values may be pathofacilitating (creating a social context which is necessary for the experience to take place), pathogenetic (taking a causal role in the onset of the psychopathological reaction), pathoplastic (shaping the form such a psychopathological reaction takes) or pathointerpretive (different interpretation of the same symptoms depending on the patient’s beliefs). While the roles of trauma and culture were already well recognized in previous accounts, this chapter adds an exploration of the importance of values, including cultural values, in the aetiology, presentation and management of somatization disorders. As a consequence, the therapeutic approach has to be adjusted depending on the way these factors intervene in the patient’s construction of mental distress.
Online Counseling “The World Without a Label”
Authors: Kuralić-Ćišić Lejla , Bijedić Meliha , Dobrinjic Irma , Kravić Nermina , Duraković Aida , Stajić Dajana
Published: December 2020

The online platform is a platform of the future, both in the world and in Bosnia and Herzegovina. “The World Without a Label” is the first counseling center of this kind in BiH, because it brings together experts from behavioral, psychological, and psychiatric problems in one place. As a special problem of sociopolitical context is victims of sexual violence, war rape crimes. A case study shows a young boy is accompanied by a parent due to behavioral problems manifested by extremely bad social interaction with peers and for spending most of his free time on his computer playing video games. The boy’s mother had previously been treated in a psychiatric clinic’s day hospital, where she shared her own trauma of rape in group psychotherapy and the painful problems she faced in her early 20s, where Republika Srpska Army soldiers systematically raped captured Bosniaks. The father is a former member of the Bosnian army, and he himself had lot of war traumas. Experience in working in the Counseling Centers like this one, as well as with all the scientific and technological achievements, we have enabled the development of procedures for solving mental health problems through online platforms and standardization of those procedures.
The Realpolitik of Values-Based Practice: An Introduction to Part VI, Reflections
Authors: Fulford Bill
Published: December 2020

The three chapters in this Part reflect on their authors’ respective experiences of the challenges presented by the realpolitik of implementing projects in values-based practice. The challenges reflect the ‘3 Rs’ of values-based practice by which (as described in our concluding chapter 47, “Co-writing Values: What We Did and Why We Did It”) we have been guided in developing this book: Raising awareness, chapter 44, “Reflections on the Impact of Mental Health Ward Staff Training in Race Equality and Values-Based Practice”, a project combining race equality training and values-based practice for ward staff; Recognition, chapter 45, “Connecting Patients, Practitioners and Regulators in Supporting Positive Experiences and Processes of Shared Decision-Making in Osteopathy: A Case Study in Co-production”, a project in positive practice bringing together regulators, clinicians and patients; and Respect, chapter 46, “Beyond the Colour Bar: Sharing Narratives in Order to Promote a Clearer Understanding of Mental Health Issues Across Cultural and Racial Boundaries”, a project aimed at getting beyond the colour bar between white and black in mental health diagnosis. The chapter concludes with a note on the significance of the resources available from a culturally enriched form of values-based mental health practice for meeting the challenges of implementation.
Connecting Patients, Practitioners and Regulators in Supporting Positive Experiences and Processes of Shared Decision-Making: A Case Study in Co-production
Authors: Browne Fiona , Bettles Steven , Clift Stacey , Walker Tim
Published: December 2020

This chapter describes a project in osteopathy exploring how regulators can support shared decision-making by positively promoting good practice rather than by way of traditionally adopted methods based on fitness to practice and disciplinary action. The project is built in part on a background development programme in values-based osteopathy. The regulator (the General Osteopathic Council), osteopaths and patients worked together co-productively in a series of workshops to develop support resources for shared decision-making based on what is important to the individual patient in question. Central to the project was an emerging understanding of the cultural values of osteopathy as a profession and how these impact on their practice. A summary of and links to the resources produced by the project are included. The chapter starts with a case narrative (the story of ‘Jennifer’) adapted from one used in the background development programme.
Anorexia as Religion: Ocularcentrism as a Cultural Value and a Compensation Strategy in Persons with Eating Disorders
Authors: Stanghellini Giovanni , Mancini Milena
Published: December 2020

Building on a view of Feeding and Eating Disorders (FEDs) as passions, this chapter illustrates through personal testimony and materials from publicly accessible (Pro-Ana) websites the nature of anorexia as a kind of religion. The explicit values of this ‘religion’ are shown to have their origins in a cultural value we call ‘ocularcentrism’. Some of the limitations and further developments of this model are indicated. The model though we conclude may be helpful in developing more effective approaches to therapy.
Behold! The Voices of Angels: Narrative, Audience and Affect in Eadmer of Canterbury’s Breviloquium Vita Sancti Wilfridi
Authors: Powell Hilary
Published: December 2020

Two new, lengthy and highly detailed miracle stories appear at the end of Eadmer of Canterbury’s ‘Brief Life of St. Wilfrid’. The first involves an invisible angelic choir, while the second comprises a vision of angels worshipping Wilfrid’s relics in a church suffused with golden, heavenly light. As neither story features in the earlier, full-lengthVita, Powell examines what sets these narratives apart, focusing on their cognitive and affective impact upon their audience. In foregrounding Eadmer’s declared desire to inspire veneration, Powell distances herself from traditional historicist interpretations of hagiography. She proposes that hagiography should be seen as a cultural artefact, and demonstrates how thetopoiof visions and voice-hearing offered particularly effective vehicles for the provocation of wonder and veneration.
Thinking Fantasies: Visions and Voices in Medieval English Secular Writing
Authors: Saunders Corinne
Published: December 2020

The creative engagement with visions and voices in medieval secular writing is the subject of this essay. Visionary experience is a prominent trope in late medieval imaginative fiction, rooted in long-standing literary conventions of dream vision, supernatural encounter and revelation, as well as in medical, theological and philosophical preoccupations of the period. Literary texts repeatedly depict supernatural experience of different kinds—dreams and prophecies, voices and visions, marvels and miracles, otherworldly and ghostly visitants. In part, such narratives respond to an impulse towards escapism and interest in the fantastic, and they have typically been seen as non-mimetic. Yet they also engage with serious ideas concerning visionary experience and the ways in which individual lives may open onto the supernatural—taking up the possibilities suggested both by dream theory and by the theological and psychological models of the period. Examples drawn from a range of Middle English romances and from Chaucer’s romance writing demonstrate the powerful creative potential of voices and visions. Such experiences open onto fearful and fascinating questions concerning forces beyond the self and their intersections with the processes of individual thinking, feeling and being in the world, from trauma to revelation to romantic love.
Holographic integral geometry with time dependence
Authors: Czech Bartłomiej , Olivas Yaithd D. , Wang Zi-zhi
Published: December 2020

Abstract

We write down Crofton formulas — expressions that compute lengths of space- like curves in asymptotically AdS3 geometries as integrals over kinematic space — which apply when the curve and/or the background spacetime is time-dependent. Relative to their static predecessor, the time-dependent Crofton formulas display several new features, whose origin is the local null rotation symmetry of the bulk geometry. In pure AdS3 where null rotations are global symmetries, the Crofton formulas simplify and become integrals over the null planes, which intersect the bulk curve.
Worldline theories with towers of internal states
Authors: Abel Steven , Lewis Daniel
Published: December 2020

Abstract

We study particle theories that have a tower of worldline internal degrees of freedom. Such a theory can arise when the worldsheet of closed strings is dimensionally reduced to a worldline, in which case the tower is infinite with regularly spaced masses. But our discussion is significantly more general than this, and there is scope to consider all kinds of internal degrees of freedom carried by the propagating particle. For example it is possible to consider towers corresponding to other geometries, or towers with no obvious geometric interpretation that still yield a modular invariant theory. Truncated towers generate non-local particle theories that share with string theory the property of having a Gross-Mende-like saddle point in their amplitudes. This provides a novel framework for constructing exotic theories which may have desirable properties such as finiteness and modular invariance.
Addendum to: Improved global fit to non-standard neutrino interactions using COHERENT energy and timing data
Authors: Coloma Pilar , Esteban Ivan , Gonzalez-Garcia M. C. , Maltoni Michele
Published: December 2020

In this addendum we re-assess the constraints on Non-Standard Interactions (NSI) from the combined analysis of data from oscillation experiments and from COHERENT after including the new data released since the publication of ref. [1].
Cosmic ray boosted sub-GeV gravitationally interacting dark matter in direct detection
Authors: Wang Wenyu , Wu Lei , Yang Jin Min , Zhou Hang , Zhu Bin
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Detections of non-gravitational interactions of massive dark matter (DM) with visible sector so far have given null results. The DM may communicate with the ordinary matter only through gravitational interaction. Besides, the majority of traditional direct detections have poor sensitivities for light DM because of the small recoil energy. Thanks to the high energy cosmic rays (CRs), the light DM can be boosted by scattering with CRs and thus may be detected in the ongoing experiments. In this work, we derive the exclusion limits on the cosmic ray boosted sub-GeV DM with gravitational mediator from the Xenon1T data. It turns out that a sizable region of such a cosmic ray boosted DM can be excluded by the current data.
Massive celestial fermions
Authors: Narayanan Sruthi A.
Published: December 2020

Abstract

In an effort to further the study of amplitudes in the celestial CFT (CCFT), we construct conformal primary wavefunctions for massive fermions. Upon explicitly calculating the wavefunctions for Dirac fermions, we deduce the corresponding transformation of momentum space amplitudes to celestial amplitudes. The shadow wavefunctions are shown to have opposite spin and conformal dimension 2 − ∆. The Dirac conformal primary wave- functions are delta function normalizable with respect to the Dirac inner product provided they lie on the principal series with conformal dimension ∆ = 1 + iλ for λ ∈ ℝ. It is shown that there are two choices of a complete basis: single spin $$ J=\frac{1}{2} $$
J
=

1
2

or $$ J=-\frac{1}{2} $$
J
=
−

1
2

and λ ∈ ℝ or multiple spin $$ J=\pm \frac{1}{2} $$
J
=
±

1
2

and λ ∈ ℝ+∪0. The massless limit of the Dirac conformal primary wavefunctions is shown to agree with previous literature. The momentum generators on the celestial sphere are derived and, along with the Lorentz generators, form a representation of the Poincaré algebra. Finally, we show that the massive spin-1 conformal primary wavefunctions can be constructed from the Dirac conformal primary wavefunctions using the standard Clebsch-Gordan coefficients. We use this procedure to write the massive spin-$$ \frac{3}{2} $$

3
2

, Rarita-Schwinger, conformal primary wavefunctions. This provides a prescription for constructing all massive fermionic and bosonic conformal primary wavefunctions starting from spin-$$ \frac{1}{2} $$

1
2

.
Defects in the 3-dimensional toric code model form a braided fusion 2-category
Authors: Kong Liang , Tian Yin , Zhang Zhi-Hao
Published: December 2020

Abstract

It was well known that there are e-particles and m-strings in the 3-dimensional (spatial dimension) toric code model, which realizes the 3-dimensional ℤ2 topological order. Recent mathematical result, however, shows that there are additional string-like topological defects in the 3-dimensional ℤ2 topological order. In this work, we construct all topological defects of codimension 2 and higher, and show that they form a braided fusion 2-category satisfying a braiding non-degeneracy condition.
Assessment of the duration of the pubertal growth spurt in patients with skeletal open bite
Authors: Szemraj-Folmer Agnieszka , Wojtaszek-Słomińska Anna , Racka-Pilszak Bogna , Kuc-Michalska Małgorzata
Published: December 2020

Purposes

The objectives were to assess the skeletal age of patients with skeletal open bite and to estimate and compare the mean chronological age related to CS3 and CS4 (cervical stage, CS) and the duration of the pubertal growth spurt (PGS).

Methods

Orthodontic records of 145 patients were analyzed in this retrospective cross-sectional study. The study group comprised 104 patients with skeletal open bite (angle between cranial base plane line [NS] and mandible base plane line [ML] > 39° according to Steiner), whereas the control group comprised 41 patients with normal anteroposterior and vertical measurements. Skeletal age was assessed using the 6‑stage CVM (cervical vertebral maturation) method according to Baccetti. Quantitative variables were characterized by means of the arithmetic mean and standard deviation. The PGS duration was calculated as the difference between the means of the chronological ages related to CS3 and CS4.

Results

In the study group, the arithmetic means related to CS3 and CS4 were 11.12 and 13.54 years, respectively; the duration of the PGS was 2.42 years. In the control group, the arithmetic means related to CS3 and CS4 were 10.71 and 11.82 years, respectively; the duration of the PGS was 1.11 years.

Conclusions

In patients with skeletal open bite, the duration of PGS is longer but it occurs at a similar chronological age compared to patients with normal anteroposterior and vertical measurements. The PGS in males begins later than in females. Knowledge on the longer growth spurt in patients with skeletal open bite compared to patients with normal anteroposterior and vertical relationships can be useful in the selection of an appropriate therapeutic method and also provides information about the possibility of a longer and thus more effective orthopedic approach directed at positive change in the vertical growth pattern during intense bone remodeling.
Practical ultrasonographic technique to precisely identify and differentiate tendons and ligaments of the elbow at the level of the humeral epicondyles: anatomical study
Authors: Omoumi Patrick , Gondim Teixeira Pedro Augusto , Ward Samuel R. , Trudell Debbie , Resnick Donald
Published: December 2020

Objectives

To develop a practical step-by-step technique to precisely identify and differentiate tendons and ligaments attaching to the humeral epicondyles, to confirm through gross anatomical study the accurate structure identification provided by this technique and to determine the frequency at which each structure can be identified in healthy volunteers.

Materials and methods

First, ten fresh frozen cadavers (6 men, age at death = 58–92 years) were examined by two musculoskeletal radiologists and a step-by-step technique for the identification of tendons and ligaments at the level of humeral epicondyles was developed. Second, the accurate identification of structures was confirmed through gross anatomical study including anatomical sections on five specimens and layer-by-layer dissection technique on five others. Finally, 12 healthy volunteers (6 men, average age = 36, range = 28–52) were scanned by two radiologists following the same technique.

Results

An ultrasonographic technique based on the recognition of bony landmarks and the use of ultrasonographic signs to differentiate overlapping structures was developed and validated through gross anatomical study. In healthy volunteers, most tendons and ligaments were identified and well-defined in ≥ 80% of cases, except for the extensor carpi radialis brevis and extensor digiti minimi tendons on the lateral epicondyle (having common attachments with the extensor digitorum communis) and the palmaris longus tendon on the medial epicondyle (absent, or common attachment with the flexor carpi radialis).

Conclusion

A step-by-step approach to the ultrasonographic assessment of tendons and ligaments at the humeral epicondyles allowed accurate identification of and differentiation among these structures, in particular those relevant to pathological conditions.
Auslegung hybrider Querpressverbände für erhöhte Betriebstemperaturen
Authors: Wagner Miriam , Binz Hansgeorg
Published: December 2020

Die vorliegende Veröffentlichung befasst sich mit der Auslegung hybrider Querpressverbände, d. h. der Verbindung von Stahlwellen und vollkeramischen Naben, bei Betriebstemperaturen oberhalb der Raumtemperatur. Zunächst wird in einer Einführung auf die Vorteile dieser Verbindung eingegangen. Es folgt ein Überblick über den Stand der Forschung und die erzielten Ergebnisse bei Raumtemperatur. Die zwei bisher vorhandenen Auslegungsverfahren bedienen sich strukturmechanischer bzw. thermomechanischer Simulationen, um die wirkenden Kräfte auf die Fügepartner und die daraus resultierenden Verformungen zu berechnen. Mit den Ergebnissen wird eine neue Wellenform definiert. So gefertigte Wellen führen im Pressverband zu einem annähernd konstanten Fugendruckverlauf.

Simulationen zeigen jedoch, dass sich diese Wellen nicht für den Betrieb bei erhöhten Temperaturen eignen. Um einen ähnlich günstigen Spannungszustand zu erreichen und Spannungsspitzen zu vermeiden, muss das Vorgehen modifiziert werden. Die hierfür notwendigen Schritte werden ausführlich beschrieben. Darüber hinaus werden anwendungsnahe Hinweise zur Optimierung der Ergebnisse bzw. geometrischen Gestaltung des Pressverbands gegeben.
The concurrent validity of the Abilitator: a self-assessment questionnaire on functioning and work ability
Authors: Savinainen Minna , Jauhiainen Olli , Heikkilä Hannu , Joensuu Matti
Published: December 2020

Aim

The Abilitator is a self-assessment questionnaire which was developed to evaluate the perceived work ability and different aspects of functioning of working-age people. The present study aimed to explore the concurrent validity of the Abilitator.

Subject and methods

The participants (n = 177) were patients of a rehabilitation outpatient clinic. Their mean age was 47.1 years. Using Spearman’s correlation coefficients, we assessed the concurrent validity of the Abilitator to compare it to the HAD, RAND-36, EQ-5D, and WHODAS 2.0 (12-item short version) questionnaires.

Results

The five domains of the Abilitator showed fair to moderate correlation coefficients with the previously validated and accepted measures of functioning. The strongest correlations were found in specific domains measuring similar constructs, namely social inclusion and RAND-36 vitality/fatigue (rs = 0.58), psychological functioning and RAND-36 emotional well-being (rs = 0.67) and HAD depression (rs = −0.65), everyday activities and total score of EQ-5D (rs = 0.63), cognitive functioning and WHODAS 2.0 cognition (rs = 0.57), and physical condition and RAND-36 physical functioning (rs = 0.70). Analysis by subpopulations of gender and age group showed a broadly similar pattern to that of the total sample. In general, stronger correlations were seen among women and among those of a younger age (50 years or under).

Conclusion

The Abilitator questionnaire has acceptable concurrent validity for assessing different aspects of the functioning of working-age people.
Friction-induced vibrations in the framework of dynamic substructuring
Authors: Brunetti Jacopo , D’Ambrogio Walter , Fregolent Annalisa
Published: December 2020

In complex vibrating systems, contact and friction forces can produce a dynamic response of the system (friction-induced vibrations). They can arise when different parts of the system move one with respect to the other generating friction force at the contact interface. Component mode synthesis and more in general substructuring techniques represent a useful and widespread tool to investigate the dynamic behavior of complex systems, but classical techniques require that the component subsystems and the coupling conditions (compatibility of displacements and equilibrium of forces) are time invariant. In this paper, a substructuring method is proposed that, besides accounting for the macroscopic sliding between substructures, is able to consider also the local vibrations of the contact points and the geometric nonlinearity due to the elastic deformation, by updating the coupling conditions accordingly. This allows to obtain a more reliable model of the contact interaction and to analyze friction-induced vibrations. Therefore, the models of the component substructures are time invariant, while the coupling conditions become time dependent and a priori unknown. The method is applied to the study of a finite element model of two bodies in frictional contact, and the analysis is aimed to the validation of the proposed method for the study of dynamic instabilities due to mode coupling.
Genitourinary cancers—best of ASCO 2020
Authors: Pichler Renate , Tulchiner Gennadi , Bektic Jasmin
Published: December 2020

The aim of this short review is to summarize “clinical practice changing” abstracts about genitourinary cancers from this year’s ASCO Annual Meeting. The phase 3 JAVELIN Bladder 100 trial showed astonishing overall survival (OS) data up to 22 months in metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC), using a novel gold standard in the first-line setting of mUC—immunotherapy maintenance with avelumab after response to platinum-based chemotherapy. In the first-line treatment of metastatic RCC (mRCC), two phase 2 trials (OMNIVORE and HCRN GU16-260) evaluated the efficacy of a novel sequential strategy, nivolumab monotherapy followed by ipilimumab rescue if nonresponse to nivolumab, confirming that this therapeutic concept is less effective as upfront combination treatment. Finally, updated 24-month progression-free survival (PFS) and OS rates of the KEYNOTE-426 are presented, showing efficacy most in intermediate- and poor-risk patients for the combination pembrolizumab plus axitinib compared with sunitinib. According to the impressive data from the HERO trial, the US Food and Drug Administration granted relugolix priority review as the first oral GNRH receptor antagonist in advanced prostate cancer. Moreover, 18F‑DCFPyL-PET/CT is a promising diagnostic tool for biochemical recurrence as the CONDOR trial confirmed diagnostic superiority of PyL-PET/CT compared with conventional imaging in detecting occult metastasis even in low PSA values. In nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC), final OS data of ARAMIS, PROSPER and SPARTAN evaluating efficacy and safety of second-generation antiandrogens versus placebo were presented. In patients with mCRPC progressing after docetaxel, 177Lu-PSMA-617 demonstrated improved rates of 50% reduction in PSA relative to cabazitaxel (TheraP study).
Urban heat island amplification estimates on global warming using an albedo model
Authors: Feinberg Alec
Published: December 2020

In this paper, we provide nominal and worst-case estimates of radiative forcing due to the UHI effect using a Weighted Amplification Albedo Solar Urbanization model. This calculation is done with the help of reported findings from UHI footprint and heat dome studies that simplify estimates for UHI amplification factors. Using this method, we quantify a global warming range due to the UHI effect, including its extent. Forcing estimates varied approximately between 0.07 and 0.87 W/m2 representing 3% to 36% of global warming relative to the greenhouse gas forcing estimates between 1950 and 2019. Variations in our model are due to the urbanized area and associated UHI amplification estimate uncertainties. However, the model showed consistent values of about 0.16 W/m2/% solar effective amplified areas and 1.6 W/m2/%Δalbedo for the urbanized coverage forcing values. The basic model is additionally used to quantify feedback warming due to Arctic sea ice loss. Feedback estimates contribute to the impact of UHI forcing assessments. From our median estimates, it is concluded that UHIs contribute significantly to global warming trends. The model is versatile and also provides UHI albedo reverse forcing assessments. The results provide insight into the UHI area effects from a new perspective using a global view albedo model compared to prior ground-based measurement studies. It also illustrates the utility of using effective UHI amplification estimates when assessing their warming effect on a global scale.
The effect of different cancer therapies on clinical outcomes of assisted reproductive technology in breast cancer patients
Authors: Zhang Mengmeng , Song Xueling , Ma Caihong , Zhen Xiumei , Chi Hongbin , Zhang Xiaowei , Li Rong , Yan Jie , Qiao Jie
Published: December 2020

Objective

To evaluate the clinical outcomes of assisted reproductive technology (ART) on fertility preservation and infertility treatment in breast cancer patients who had undergone different cancer therapies.

Methods

20 infertile females who had undergone breast cancer treatments during 2011–2018 were studied retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups based on their cancer treatment methods and their needs of fertility preservation: the combined treatment group, who had both breast cancer surgery combining with any of the three treatments (adjuvant endocrine therapy, radiotherapy or chemotherapy), and the surgery only group. A group of infertile females without breast cancer history were used as a control group. An aromatase inhibitor Letrozole - based ovarian micro-stimulation protocol was used in females from the three groups for in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. The ART clinical outcomes were evaluated by using the parameters of antral follicle count (AFC), the ratio of FSH/LH, oocyte retrieval number, 2 pronucleus(2 PN) fertilization rate, high-quality embryo rate, clinical pregnancy rate, and delivery outcome.

Results

The surgery only group had significantly lower ratio of FSH/LH than the combined treatment group and the control group. No significant difference on the ART clinical outcomes, evaluated by the aforementioned criteria, were found between the three groups.

Conclusions

Breast cancer surgery with adjuvant therapies, but not surgery alone, may damage ovarian function. The best time-limited window to preserve fertility for breast cancer patients is after surgery but before the initiation of adjuvant therapies. Importantly, the clinical outcomes of aromatase inhibitor-based ovary micro-stimulation in breast cancer patients are similar to that in non-breast cancer controls.
Hungarian Film, 1929–1947
Authors: Gergely Gábor
Published: December 2020

What does it mean for someone or something to be Hungarian? People in Hungary grappled with this far-reaching question in the wake of the losses and transformation brought by World War I. Because the period also saw the rise of cinema, audiences, filmmakers, critics, and officials often looked at films with an eye to that question, too. Did the Hungary seen on screen represent the Hungary they knew from everyday life? And-crucially-did the major role played by Jewish Hungarians in the film industry make the sector and its creations somehow Jewish rather than Hungarian? Jews, it was soon decided, could not really be Hungarian, and acts of Parliament soon barred them from taking major roles in cinema production. This book tells the troubled story of that period in Hungarian cinematic history, taking it up through World War II.
Modeling and control schedule design of a two-dimensional thrust-vectoring nozzle and aeroengine
Authors: Liu Y. , Chen M. , Tang H.
Published: December 2020

For advanced operational aircraft, the two-dimensional (2-D) thrust-vectoring (TV) nozzle effectively improves the flight mobility and post-stall manoevrability. However, its flow capacity decreases when deflecting and cooling air is injected, which impacts the engine’s operating state, including decreasing the fan surge margin and increasing the turbine inlet temperature. Therefore, in order to improve engine performance in the whole flight envelope, this paper studies the matching mechanism of the engine and the cooled 2-D TV nozzle, performance characterisation and control schedule of the nozzle, and an integrated aeroengine/nozzle modeling method is put forward. Based on these, an engine performance simulation model is modified to include a cooled 2-D TV nozzle. The testing results show that applying the nozzle control schedules recommended in this paper avoids the performance degradation when the nozzle deflects. This work advances the field of engine/nozzle integrated modeling, and helps to instruct the simulation and experimentation to better fit the needs of engine modeling and engineering applications.
Access to Justice and the Limits of Environmental Class Actions in Ontario
Authors: Molavi Michael
Published: December 2020

For over half a century, it has been axiomatic that environmental claims are particularly well suited for class actions. This paper examines this notion in the context of Ontario’s regime and finds that environmental class actions have been limited in the extent to which they have promoted access to justice. Starting with a brief overview of class action history in Canada and the economics of mass litigation at a general level, the paper then analyzes barriers specific to environmental claims. A series of representative case studies is then offered to substantiate the central contention on the limits of environmental class actions. In so doing, the paper takes a holistic approach, incorporating empirical, economic, political, and procedural factors and dynamics to provide an integrated assessment about the type of access to justice that is presently achieved and achievable for environmental claims in Ontario.
Exchange Systems in Late Postclassic Mesoamerica: Comparing Open and Restricted Markets at Tlaxcallan, Mexico, and Santa Rita Corozal, Belize
Authors: Marino Marc D. , Fargher Lane F. , Meissner Nathan J. , Johnson Lucas R. Martindale , Blanton Richard E. , Heredia Espinoza Verenice Y.
Published: December 2020

In premodern economic systems where the social embedding of exchange provided actors with the ability to control or monopolize trade, including the goods that enter and leave a marketplace, “restricted markets” formed. These markets produced external revenues that could be used to achieve political goals. Conversely, commercialized systems required investment in public goods that incentivize the development of market cooperation and “open markets,” where buyers and sellers from across social sectors and diverse communities could engage in exchange as economic equals within marketplaces. In this article, we compare market development at the Late Postclassic sites of Chetumal, Belize, and Tlaxcallan, Mexico. We identified a restricted market at Chetumal, using the distribution of exotic goods, particularly militarily and ritually charged obsidian projectile points; in contrast, an open market was built at Tlaxcallan. Collective action theory provides a useful framework to understand these differences in market development. We argue that Tlaxcaltecan political architects adopted more collective strategies, in which open markets figured, to encourage cooperation among an ethnically diverse population.
Redefining the Debate Over Reputation and Credibility in International Security
Authors: Jervis Robert , Yarhi-Milo Keren , Casler Don
Published: December 2020

A wave of recent scholarship has breathed new life into the study of reputation and credibility in international politics. In this review article, the authors welcome this development while offering a framework for evaluating collective progress, a series of related critiques, and a set of suggestions for future research. The article details how the books under review represent an important step toward consensus on the importance of reputation in world politics, elucidating scope conditions for when reputational inferences are likely to be most salient. The authors argue that despite the significant accomplishments of recent studies, the scholarly record remains thin on the psychology of the perceiver and is instead focused on situational factors at the expense of dispositional variables and is rather myopically oriented toward reputation for resolve to the exclusion of other important types. Despite its contributions, the new literature still falls short of a full explanation for how actors draw inferences about reputation. These remaining theoretical challenges demand scholarly attention and suggest a role for psychology in filling some of the gaps.
Building a “Double First-class University” on China's Qing-Zang Plateau: Opportunities, Strategies and Challenges
Authors: Yang Miaoyan , Leibold James
Published: December 2020

Situated in the broader context of educational aid for Tibet and higher education reform in China, this article examines efforts to develop higher education in the Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR). Based on document analyses, observations and interviews, we interrogate the thoughts and actions of university officials in the TAR when responding to the state's call for the creation of “double first-class” (shuangyiliu双一流) universities and disciplines. Our study identifies two main strategies adopted by university officials: capitalizing on the plateau's unique geography and China's system of preferential ethnic policies. University administrators hope to use the TAR's unique and strategic location as a springboard for curriculum and research development, while drawing on aid and assistance from the central government and partner universities. We conclude that the future of higher education in the TAR is highly dependent on external assistance and that the region faces an uphill battle in building a truly world-class university.
Characteristics of the pulmonary circulation in infants with complete atrioventricular septal defect
Authors: Doi Hirohito , Muneuchi Jun , Watanabe Mamie , Sugitani Yuichiro , Matsuoka Ryohei , Ezaki Hiroki , Ochiai Yoshie
Published: December 2020

Objective:

Infants with complete atrioventricular septal defect occasionally accompany pulmonary hypertension; however, the pulmonary circulation can be altered by pulmonary vascular conditions as well as the left heart lesions. This study aimed to explore whether the left heart lesions were related to the pulmonary circulation among them.

Methods:

We performed echocardiography and cardiac catheterisation in 42 infants with complete atrioventricular septal defect and studied relationships between the pulmonary haemodynamic parameters and the left heart morphology.

Results:

Age and weight at preoperative evaluation were 65 days (47-114) (the median following interquartile range) and 5.5 kg (4.0-7.1), respectively. There were 27 individuals with Down syndrome. Gestational age was 38 weeks (37-39). Catheterisation showed mean pulmonary arterial pressure: 36 (29-46) mmHg, the ratio of pulmonary to systemic blood flow: 3.45 (2.79-4.98), pulmonary vascular resistance: 2.20 Wood units·m2 (1.53-3.65), and pulmonary arterial compliance: 2.78 (1.86-4.10) ml/Hg/m2. Echocardiography showed the Rastelli classification type A in 28 and type C in 14, moderate or severe left atrioventricular valve regurgitation in 19 patients (45%), atrioventricular valve index of 0.67 (0.56-0.79), left ventricular end-diastolic volume z score of 4.46 (1.96-7.78), and aortic valve diameter z score of −0.70 (−1.91 to 0.20). Multivariable regression analysis revealed that preoperative pulmonary vascular resistance was significantly correlated to gestational age (p = 0.002), and that preoperative pulmonary arterial compliance was significantly correlated to gestational age (p = 0.009) and Down syndrome (p = 0.036).

Conclusions:

The pulmonary circulation does not depend upon the presence of left heart lesions but gestational age and Down syndrome in infants with complete atrioventricular septal defect.
Chronic chest pain after percutaneous atrial septal defect closure
Authors: Figueras-Coll Marc , Martí-Aguasca Gerard , Betrián-Blasco Pedro
Published: December 2020

Percutaneous closure of atrial septal defect is recognised as a safe and effective procedure, however, in some patients complications may occur. Although chest pain has been sporadically reported, its exact aetiology has been poorly studied. Herein, a 14-year-old female with an atypical and long-lasting chest pain after percutaneous atrial septal defect closure is described.
Height, Chest Size, and Household Composition in Late-Nineteenth-Century Catalonia
Authors: Galofré-Vilà Gregori
Published: December 2020

This article measures the impact of early-life household composition on adult height and chest size in men born in Catalonia in the late nineteenth century. It combines data from military drafts with census records, observing the same individual twice over his lifetime. For family composition characteristics I control for the number of siblings, intergenesic interval, parental occupation and educational level, fatherless or motherless families, and other relatives living in the household. I show that taller individuals were more likely to come from well-off families and that men who grew up in orphanages or in motherless households were shorter than their counterparts. Results also uncover that there was a negative association between height and the number of siblings and the age gap between them. However, this negative association is driven by having more brothers (instead of sisters). If we are to gain a fuller understanding of the factors that have influenced height, we need to consider the composition of the household as an explanatory variable.
Neue Herausforderung für die Suchthilfe
Authors: Iking Anne , Grümer Katrin
Published: December 2020

Zusammenfassung. Ziel: Der vorliegende Beitrag reflektiert den Bedarf an Entwöhnungsbehandlung für Männer, die Sex mit Männern haben (MSM) mit abhängigem Chemsex-Konsummuster und stellt ein spezifiziertes Behandlungskonzept vor. Ergebnisse: Die besondere therapeutische Herausforderung bei dieser Konsumentengruppe besteht in der ausgeprägten Funktionalisierung des Substanzkonsums in der Anbahnung und Durchführung der Sexualität sowie die daraus resultierende enge Kopplung von Sexualität mit Substanzkonsum und umgekehrt. Die „Entkopplung“ mit dem Ziel der Gestaltung einer substanzfreien Sexualität bedarf einer intensiven psycho-und suchttherapeutischen Auseinandersetzung in verschiedenen Stufen von Stimulus Kontrolle zu Beginn der Behandlung, über Exposition und Wiederannäherung an substanzfreie sexuelle Aktivitäten. Seit den ersten Behandlungsanfragen über die Aidshilfe Köln entwickelte die salus klinik Hürth, Abteilung für Abhängigkeitserkrankungen, einen Behandlungsansatz für MSM mit abhängigem Chemsex-Konsum, der die Funktionalisierung von Drogen im Kontext der Sexualität sowie die Entwicklung einer substanzfreien Sexualität in den Mittelpunkt der Behandlung stellt. Der Artikel liefert Hinweise für die Notwendigkeit eines spezifischen Behandlungskonzeptes durch erste klinikinterne Auswertungen der behandelten Chemsex-Konsumenten im Vergleich zu anderen Männern mit abhängigen Konsummustern. Schlussfolgerungen: In der Behandlung von MSM mit Chemsex-Konsummuster bedarf es neben der sucht- und psychotherapeutischen Expertise einer sexualtherapeutischen Perspektive und eines manualisierten Programmes zur Behandlung der kognitiven und emotionalen Kopplung des Substanzkonsums mit der Sexualität.
Multistatic Specular Meteor Radar Network in Peru: System Description and Initial Results
Authors: Chau J. L. , Urco J. M. , Vierinen J. , Harding B. J. , Clahsen M. , Pfeffer N. , Kuyeng K. M. , Milla M. A. , Erickson P. J.
Published: December 2020

The mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region is dominated globally by dynamics at various scales: planetary waves, tides, gravity waves, and stratified turbulence. The latter two can coexist and be significant at horizontal scales less than 500 km, scales that are difficult to measure. This study presents a recently deployed multistatic specular meteor radar system, SIMONe Peru, which can be used to observe these scales. The radars are positioned at and around the Jicamarca Radio Observatory, which is located at the magnetic equator. Besides presenting preliminary results of typically reported large‐scale features, like the dominant diurnal tide at low latitudes, we show results on selected days of spatially and temporally resolved winds obtained with two methods based on: (a) estimation of mean wind and their gradients (gradient method), and (b) an inverse theory with Tikhonov regularization (regularized wind field inversion method). The gradient method allows improved MLT vertical velocities and, for the first time, low‐latitude wind field parameters such as horizontal divergence and relative vorticity. The regularized wind field inversion method allows the estimation of spatial structure within the observed area and has the potential to outperform the gradient method, in particular when more detections are available or when fine adaptive tuning of the regularization factor is done. SIMONe Peru adds important information at low latitudes to currently scarce MLT continuous observing capabilities. Results contribute to studies of the MLT dynamics at different scales inherently connected to lower atmospheric forcing and E‐region dynamo related ionospheric variability.
Magnetosphere‐Ionosphere Coupling via Prescribed Field‐Aligned Current Simulated by the TIEGCM
Authors: Maute A. , Richmond A. D. , Lu G. , Knipp D. J. , Shi Y. , Anderson B.
Published: December 2020

The magnetosphere‐ionosphere (MI) coupling is crucial in modeling the thermosphere‐ionosphere (TI) response to geomagnetic activity. In general circulation models (GCMs) the MI coupling is typically realized by specifying the ion convection and auroral particle precipitation patterns from for example, empirical or assimilative models. Assimilative models, such as the Assimilative Mapping of Ionospheric Electrodynamics, have the advantage that the ion convection and auroral particle precipitation patterns are mutually consistent and based on available observations. However, assimilating a large set of diverse data requires expert knowledge and is time consuming. Empirical models, on the other hand, are convenient to use, but do not capture all the observed spatial and temporal variations. With the availability of Active Magnetosphere and Planetary Electrodynamics Response Experiment (AMPERE) data, there is an opportunity for employing field‐aligned currents (FAC) in GCMs to represent the MI coupling. In this study, we will introduce a new method which enables us to use observed FAC in GCMs and solve for the interhemispherically asymmetric electric potential distribution. We compare Thermosphere‐Ionosphere‐Electrodynamics General Circulation Model (TIEGCM) simulations of a geomagnetic storm period using the new approach and two other often‐used methods for specifying MI coupling based on empirical and assimilative high latitude electric potentials. The comparison shows general similarities of the TI storm time response and improved temporal variability of the new method compared to using empirical models, but results also illustrate substantial differences due to our uncertain knowledge about the MI coupling process.