bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The associations of malaria parasite and ABO blood groups with aggressive periodontitis in Nigerians - a preliminary study
Authors: Savage K. O. , Ayanbadejo P. O. , Umeizudike K. A. , Alade G. O. , Campbell O. A.
Published: August 2023

Objective: Aggressive Periodontitis (AgP) is a rare form of periodontitis which has been associated with aetiological factors including genetic predisposition, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and blood group B. It seems to have a racial predisposition being more common among blacks, particularly people of West African origin. The role of endemic factors such as malaria is yet to be investigated in AgP. The aim of this study was to explore the associations of malaria parasites and ABO blood groups with aggressive periodontitis.

Method: A preliminary case-control study on localized aggressive periodontitis patients and age and gender matched controls. Microbiological and hematological tests were performed to determine the presence of malaria parasites and ABO blood groups respectively.

Result: Eight LAgP patients and 9 age and gender-matched controls were seen. Six patients were positive for Plasmodium Falciparum malaria parasite, compared with 2 controls. This difference was statistically significant (p=0.044). The prevalence of malaria infection was not significantly associated with age (p = 0.44) or gender (p = 0.34) of the subjects.

Conclusion: This preliminary study showed a high prevalence of malaria parasites among patients with aggressive periodontitis. Malaria infection may be associated with AgP. Studies with larger sample sizes may be needed to further investigate the relationship between aggressive periodontitis and malaria infection.
Relationship of oral hygiene status and practices with oral lesions in a group of HIV positive patients in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Umeizudike K. A. , Ayanbadejo P. O. , Savage K. O. , Akanmu A. S.
Published: August 2023

Objective: The oral health of HIV positive patients may be compromised because of their depressed immunity and may increase their risk of developing some oral lesions. This study was carried out to assess the relationship of the oral hygiene status and practices with oral lesions in HIV positive patients at a dedicated HIV clinic in Nigeria.

Method: A cross sectional study of adult HIV positive patients aged 18 years and above at the HIV outpatient clinic of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital. Data on age, gender, marital status, level of education and oral hygiene practices were collected. Their CD4 counts were recorded. Oral examination was carried out on all patients to assess their oral hygiene status using the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index. Oral lesions were recorded when present.

Result: A total of 134 HIV positive patients were seen, most (71.6%) of whom had never visited a dentist. The mean oral hygiene index (OHI-S) score of the patients was 1.85 and 55.2% had a fair oral hygiene status. The majority (77.6%) cleaned their teeth once daily. Oral candidiasis and linear gingival erythema (LGE) were the two most prevalent oral lesions being 26.1% and 11.2% respectively. The mean oral hygiene index (OHI-S) score was higher in males [2.10] compared with females [1.71] (p<0.05), in patients who had never visited the dentist [1.99] compared with those who had visited the dentist previously [1.49] (p<0.05) and in patients with linear gingival erythema compared with those without the lesion (p< 0.05).The CD4 + Tlymphocyte count was not associated with the OHI-S (p>0.05).

Conclusion: Poorer oral hygiene was significantly associated with male gender, no previous dental visits and linear gingival erythema lesions in the HIV positive patients in this study. Regular oral health education programmes should be incorporated into the treatment protocol of HIV positive patients at the HIV clinic to improve their overall health status.
Periodontal and gingival changes amongst pregnant women in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Onigbinde O. O. , Savage K. O.
Published: August 2023

Objective: To assess the periodontal and gingival changes during different stages of pregnancy among women in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital.

Method : Fifty three pregnant women attending the ante-natal clinic of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, (LUTH), were included in the study while, 53 non- pregnant with mean age 29.40 ± 3.8years, and apparently healthy women with mean age 30.96 ±2.3years served as the control. Periodontal and oral hygiene status were assessed using the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) and the Simplified Oral Hygiene (OHI-S) Indices respectively.

Result: There were a higher number of sextants with gingival bleeding and shallow pockets among the pregnant women in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy compared to that of the non-pregnant women. The number of sextants with gingival bleeding and shallow pocket however reduced post partum. Thus, in the pregnant women the mean number of sextants with gingival bleeding was 0.9 in 1st trimester, 1.4 in the 2nd trimester, 1.0 in the 3rd trimester and 0.1 postpartum. The mean number of sextants with pocket (code 3) was 0.1 in the 1st trimester, 0.4 in the 2nd trimester, 0.3 in the in 3rd trimester & 0.1 postpartum. Whereas in the non- pregnant group, the mean no of sextants with gingival bleeding was 0.6 at the 1st examination ,0.5 at the 2nd examination and 0.4 at the 3rd examinations and the mean number of sextants with pocket was 0.1at the 1st examination, 0.2 at the 2nd and 3rd examination. The mean OHI-S score of pregnant women increased from 2.36 ± 0.91 at the beginning of the study to 3.03±0.72 at the end of the study. While the score of the control group increased from 2.06±1.1 to 2.65±0.99.

Conclusion: The OHI-S score, gingival bleeding and pockets were higher in the pregnant than in the non –pregnant women. It is suggested that pregnant women should have routine dental check-up and early management of periodontal disease through adequate plaque control.
The multidisciplinary approach to the management toxic epidermal necrolysis syndrome (TENS) – a case report
Authors: Odai E. D. , Ogbebor O. G. , Igbinehi C. C. , Obuekwe O. N.
Published: August 2023

Toxic epidermal necrolysis syndrome (TENS) is a severe idiosyncratic reaction, most commonly triggered by medications, and characterized by fever and mucocutaneous lesions leading to necrosis and sloughing of the epidermis. A case of TENS in a sixteen year old boy following polypharmacy is presented. Complete haematological and biochemical tests were carried out and management was symptomatic. This report shows the multidisciplinary approach to the management and highlights the role of the dental surgeon in the management. It concludes that multidisciplinary approach to healthcare provision will be of benefit to the recipients and suggests that awareness be created on drug use and pharmacovigilance.
A C T 91 Intraoral penetrating injury from a long metallic foreign body: a case report
Authors: James O. , Adeosun O. O. , Anorue E. I.
Published: August 2023

Children often play with sharp objects in their mouths without knowing the injurious effects of such action. These objects can accidentally cause severe injury to oro-pharyngeal tissues. Timely removal of such objects is essential to prevent life threatening complications. This paper presents a case of an intraoral penetrating injury in a 5 year old patient caused by a long metallic foreign object. The foreign body was successfully removed by meticulous exploration through the existing wound. Educational measures such as enlightening the parents and guardians on the importance of keeping dangerous materials from the reach of their children may be necessary. The need to immediately bring such patients to the hospital for expert management in case of inadvertent injury and also to comply with follow-up appointments is also essential.
Supernumerary primary teeth and the clinical significance: a report of two cases
Authors: Utomi I.L. , Adediran V.E.
Published: August 2023

Supernumerary teeth occur frequently in the permanent dentition but they are rare in the primary dentition. Supernumerary teeth in the primary dentition usually erupt normally and are frequently of the supplemental type. The issue of differentiating the supplemental tooth from the normal series requires careful consideration. Supernumerary primary teeth should be thoroughly investigated and closely monitored. Early intervention is recommended when there are concerns and associated pathologies.
Eruption of primary Incisors: prevalence of sequence reversal and attitude of mothers In a Yoruba Community
Authors: Opeodu O.I.
Published: August 2023

Objective: The mandibular primary central Incisors are usually the first set of teeth to erupt In a child. However, eruption of the maxillary primary central incisors may precede that of the mandibular primary central Incisors, which Is viewed as a taboo among some tribes In Nigeria.Various means of dealing with the 'taboo' have been suggested In  different communities. The main aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of maxillary primary Incisors erupting before the mandibular among some children and the acceptance of the situation by their mothers.

Method: A cross sectional study of 290 nursing mothers and their children In the Immunisation clinics of the University College Hospital and the Adeoyo Maternity Teaching Hospital both In Ibadan, Nigeria was carried out. Intra-oral examination of the children was done to ascertain that each of them had at least a tooth after which the mothers were required to fill anInterviewer-administered questionnaire.

Result: Nine (3.1%) out of the 290 children assessed erupted the maxillary Incisors ahead of the mandibular counterparts and their mothers allowed the teeth to erupt normally. One hundred and fifty-seven (54.1 %) of the mothers agreed that the tooth should be allowed to grow normally as part of the series of the primary dentition, while 26.9% wlll rather have It extracted.

Conclusion: Though a greater percentage of the mothers would retain the affected tooth, concerted effort still needs to be made to further enlighten nursing mothers on the Issue of reversed eruption sequence.
Compliance in Review Attendance among Orthodontic Patients attending a Tertiary Level Health Care Centre
Authors: Temisanren O.T. , Ifesanya J.U. , Olatunji A.B.
Published: August 2023

Objectives: Estimating patient compliance during orthodontic treatment cannot be overemphasized as timely and successful outcome of orthodontic treatment is dependent on it. This study assessed patients' compliance to orthodontic reviews at a tertiary care orthodontic clinic as well as explored various factors that may influence review attendance.Materials and Methods: Data were collected retrospectively from 133 patients' case notes as well as the clinic daily attendance records. Socio-demographic data and type of appliance used by patients was extracted. The pattern of punctuality (in days) to clinic attendance as prescribed by the managing orthodontist was also ascertained. Data were analysed using the SPSS version 22. Level of significance was set at p<0.05.Results: The mean age was 14.65 ± 5.98 years. Sixty-two (46.6%) patients were males while 71(53.4%) were females. Sixteen patients (12%) had removable appliances, 116(87.2%) had fixed appliances while only one person (0.8%) had both fixed and removable appliances. Eighty (60.2%)  attendees were resident within the state of the clinic's location while 53 (39.8%) resided outside the state. At the first review visit after treatment commenced, 92(69.2%) presented on time for review while 41 (30.8%) defaulted with a mean lag time of 49.0±49.0 days before presenting at the clinic. The total default time varied significantly with the number of visits and length of treatment time (p<0.001).Conclusion: Rate of default to orthodontic reviews was found to increase gradually from the 2nd visit and imparted negatively on treatment time.
Influence of Dental Education on the Perception of Dental Aesthetics among Undergraduate Dental Students in a Nigerian University
Authors: Ameh G.G. , Enabulele J.E.
Published: August 2023

Background: Literature has shown the existence of difference in perception of esthetics between dentists and lay people. Could this difference be attributable to undergraduate dental education? This study aims to determine the influence of dental education on the relative perception of dental aesthetics among undergraduate dental students.Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out amongst all dental students attending a Nigerian University. The dental aesthetics selfperception questionnaire originally designed by Goldstein was administered to subjects. The data were subjected to descriptive analysis. Independent sample t-test and one-way analysis of variance were used to compare means across groups. Due to the multiple comparisons a post-hoc test (Bonferoni) was carried out with the one-way analysis of variance. Chi square was used to determine association between variables with p set at 0.05.Results: A total of 132 students participated in the study. Majority (91.7%) were self-confident about smiling. More than half (54.5%) of the  respondents believed there was someone with a better smile. With regards to wish of whiter teeth, 67.4% wished their teeth were whiter. The aesthetic self-perception scores of the respondents ranged from 0-12 with a mean score of 4.28± 2.64. There was no statistically significant association between the mean aesthetic self-perception score and the level of study of the participants.

Conclusion: A positive aesthetic self-perception was observed in dental students when it comes to their smile. However, there was no statistically significant association between the level of study of the respondents and the self-perception of dental student.
The Need for Geriatric Dental Education in Nigeria
Authors: Ibiyemi O. , Ibiyemi S.T.
Published: August 2023

Background: The elderly population of Nigeria has grown dramatically since the beginning of the twentieth century indicating the need for an increased geriatric care.Objective: To evaluate the status and need for geriatric dental education in Nigeria.Materials and Methods: A search of reports in libraries of Universities that offer Bachelor of Dental Surgery programme and websites of relevant educational agencies and institutions such as the Nigerian University Commission and the Medical and Dental Council of Nigeria on dental education in Nigeria focusing on geriatric dental education was undertaken.Results: There are nine universities that offer Bachelor of Dental Surgery in Nigeria; eight are owned by the federal government and one owned by the state government. Of the nine Faculties of Dentistry, four were established over 40 years ago producing about 160 dental graduates every year. The other five Faculties of Dentistry were established about 15 years ago producing about 100 dental graduates every year. At postgraduate level, there are ten recognized specialties in Dentistry and approximately 12 accredited health institutions offer about 80 places for specialist training every year. The specialist training is regulated by both the National Postgraduate Medical College of Nigeria and West African College of Surgeons and a Fellowship is awarded by these colleges to about 15 specialists every year. There are only two universities that offer postgraduate academic Masters programmes comprising Masters in dental public health and Master in dental sciences. Only one dental school has an undergraduate curriculum that has geriatric dentistry. At postgraduate level, geriatric dentistry was not developed as a separate and independent specialty. Undergraduate dental education is monitored by both the Medical and Dental Council of Nigeria and the National University Commission.Conclusion: It is recommended that geriatric dentistry should be included in the curriculum of undergraduate dental students and should be well structured in postgraduate specialists' curriculum. Postgraduate diploma and degree programmes in geriatric dentistry should be established to address the needs of the vast elderly population in Nigeria.
Immediate Hypersensitivity Reaction to Composite Restorations
Authors: Oderinu O.H. , Makinde O.E.
Published: August 2023

Restorative materials used in dentistry are constantly exposed to salivary components like enzymes that have a high impact on the degradation of  these materials and subsequent leaching of some of their constituents which may be harmful to the oral tissues in some patients. Released triethyleneglycolmethacrylate, bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA), diurethanedimethacrylate (UDMA) and formaldehyde have been  detected from incompletely polymerized composite and are implicated in occurrence of various adverse reactions. We present a case of a 60 year old female who had composite restorations done. She later presented with complaints of several episodes of intermittent gingival and cheek swellings of sudden onset adjacent to the restored teeth. The filling was taken off and patient was placed on anti-allergy medications with a close follow-up. This presentation highlights the occurrence of a typical allergy to composite material in our centre. It serves to educate dental practitioners about the awareness of such adverse reactions to dental resin materials and the need to be prompt in management of the condition.
Fibrous Dysplasia and Ossifying Fibroma - Solving the Diagnostic Dilemma
Authors: Soyele O.O. , Gbotolorun M.O. , Braimah R.O. , Taiwo A.O. , Ibikunle A.A.
Published: August 2023

Fibrous dysplasia (FD) and Ossifying fibroma (OF) of the jaws belong to a group of lesions called benign fibro-osseous lesions of the craniofacial  skeleton (BFOL). This group of intraosseous disease processes which are comparable in their microscopic features are characterized by hypercellular fibroblastic stroma containing various combinations of bone or cementum-like tissue and other calcified structures. Of these lesions, FD and OF are the most closely related, and although FD is recognized as a harmatomatous lesion and OF a tumour, these lesions are difficult to distinguish both clinically and histologically from each other. This review of current literature aims to highlight emerging features clinically, genetically and histologically that can help in distinguishing these two lesions.
Prevalence of Oral Impacts as Daily Performances among Adult Dental Patients in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Edetanlen B.E. , Ezigbo K.M.
Published: August 2023

Background: Oral conditions do not only cause pain but affect the various aspects of individual's daily performances.Objective: To investigate the prevalence of oral health impact on daily performance in adult patients at a Southern Nigerian tertiary hospital. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on dental patients that attended the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin-City, Nigeria. Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (OIDP) questionnaire was used to evaluate the impact of oral health status on the daily performance. The data collected were analysed with descriptive and inferential statistics. P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 110 patients (43 males and 67 females) participated in the study. The age range of the participants was 18-70 years and the mean age of the participants was 31.8±12.8 years. The mean ODIP score of the study participants was 1.58 ±2.77 with a range of 0 to 14. Sixty percent of all subjects had at least one daily performance affected by an oral impact in the previous six months. The ODIP indicators most commonly affected by oral health status were eating and enjoying food (31.8%), smiling and showing teeth (13.6%), and enjoying social contact with people (10.9%) and cleaning teeth (10.0%), The least commonly affected were maintaining usual emotional status (9.1%), sleeping and relaxing (9.1%), carrying out daily school task (8.20%), and speaking and pronouncing words clearly (7.30%).There were no statistically significant difference between ODIP score and age, gender, place of residence, level of education and oral/dental conditions.Conclusion: Oral health had an impact on daily performances of adult dental patients in southern Nigeria. The daily activities mostly affected was eating and enjoying food.
COVID – 19 Pandemic: The Implications for the Practice of Restorative Dentistry
Authors: Sede M.A. , Enone L.L. , Makanjuola J.O.
Published: August 2023

Objective: To assess the implication of COVID-19 pandemic on the practice of restorative dentistry in Nigeria.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study regarding the impact of COVID-19 on restorative dental practice was carried out among dentists across different cadres working in either private or public practice. Data was obtained using an online survey questionnaire regarding the infection control practice, availability and use of personal protective equipment, practice modifications to combat COVID-19 outbreak and the impact of COVID-19. Data was analysed using the chi-square test and p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Amongst 137 dentists that participated in the study, majority of respondents were males (58.4%), a greater proportion (49.6%) were in the age range 35-44 years and 78.1% worked in public hospitals. A significantly higher number of male respondents (p=0.019) and public dental workers (p=0.036) immediately changed their mode of dental service delivery following the COVID-19 outbreak. Majority of respondents (60.6%) carried out restorative dental procedures despite the pandemic; most of these procedures being emergency dental treatment and non-aerosol generating dental procedures. About half of respondents had respiratory masks (51.8%) and isolation gowns (54.0%) available. Majority reported that the pandemic had decreased patient flow (88.3%), increased treatment fee (53.3%) and had an impact on the income generated (92%). Only 20.4% of respondents hadproblems with their staff; the problems being emotional problems, work abandonment and demand of salary increase. The pandemic has had a negative impact on most respondents (74.5%) and only 31.4% respondents were optimally prepared to render dental services.Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic has changed the mode of restorative dental practice in Nigeria; resulting in a psychological impact on dentists and a financial burden on dental practice.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Dental Education and Management
Authors: Arigbede A.O.
Published: August 2023

Objective: The coronavirus disease is a highly infectious disease of global concern. It poses a severe threat to the lives of patients, hospital staff, students, and their trainers. The impact of Covid-19 pandemic on dental education and management is diverse and deep. This study is designed to highlight the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on dental education and management.Materials and Methods: The Medline and google databases were searched for relevant publications by combining the following mesh terms, COVID-19, dental education, impact and residency. Relevant information was extracted from all the selected papers. Personal experience as a trainer, clinician and administrator was included in the report. Results: Because of the pandemic, patients flow nosedived, routine clinical procedures, academic activities, students/residents' rotation were suspended, and some of the students/ residents had their examinations or time of graduation postponed. The use of virtual platform became the norm for learning and meeting. A new and broader PPE protocol was prescribed when carrying out dental procedures. Residents and students must ensure physical distancing, even as it relates to the hanging of clothes in the changing room. Blended and self-directed learning was brought into the fore of medical education.Conclusion: Government and professional bodies should make conscious efforts to cushion the adverse effects of corona
COVID-19 Pandemic and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Authors: Akadiri O.A. , Yarhere K.S.
Published: August 2023

Objective: To present a brief overview of global adjustments to COVID-19 by oral and maxillofacial surgeons and to characterise the reactions and adaptations of the oral and maxillofacial surgery specialty in Nigeria.Materials and Methods: A review of the global literature was done to highlight available guidelines for oral and maxillofacial surgery under COVID-19 pandemic. Questionnaires were electronically sent to maxillofacial surgeons in Nigeria and, a telephone survey of the Nigerian oral and maxillofacial surgery centres was done to characterise the reactions and adaptations of local practitioners to the pandemic situation.Results: Out of the 822 questionnaires electronically delivered to maxillofacial surgeons across 156 centres worldwide, the response rate was only 20.2%. Twenty-eight (17.9%) centres were completely shut down while only 6 (3.8%) centres were functioning normally. Other centres scaled down services and/or number of personnel. Surgeons older than 60 years were made to stay away in some centres while some personnel were drafted to support the medical team at the frontline COVID-19 treatment centres.Conclusion: It concluded that the variability of practices is remarkable and this is largely due to unequitable resources and lack of uniform policies even among federal tertiary health institutions and the authors therefore proposed an algorithm to guide oral and maxillofacial patients' classification and management in the face of COVID-19 pandemic.
Post-COVID Reflections and Practice: A Dental Student's Perspective.
Authors: Adedire Adetomiwa
Published: August 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic altered every aspect of human life. This article offers a compelling insight into the experiences and observations of a dental student navigating the field amidst the global pandemic. It also explores the impact of COVID-19 on dental education, patient care, and professional development. The challenges faced, lessons learned, and adaptations made during the crisis were reflected upon. This article highlights the importance of resilience, adaptability, and innovative approaches to dental practice in the post-pandemic world. It provides a unique perspective that encapsulates the evolving landscape of dentistry and underscores the need for continued adaptation and growth in the face of unprecedented circumstances.
AMELOBLASTOMA WITH INFRATEMPORAL EXTENSION: A REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Authors: Oyeneyin Aliyu Ope , Adekunle Adegbayi
Published: August 2023

Ameloblastomas are benign tumors of odontogenic epithelium. They are locally aggressive with tendency to recur and sometimes with metastatic behavior. Recurrences often occur due to incomplete treatment and they can occur at difficult sites such as temporal and infratemporal fossa. Recurrences in the temporal area are very rare and are related to the type of primary treatment.

AIM: This literature review aims to answer the question on how common recurrent ameloblastoma entends to the infratemporal fossa and how this is related to the site of the primary lesion.

METHODS; Web search for case reports, case series of ameloblatoma with temporal, infratemporal extension, published in the English literature was carried out. Search results were further scrutinized for age, sex, location of lesion, histology, treatment modalities and recurrence following the adopted treatment modalities and treatment outcome.

RESULT; A total 15 full length articles were included in this study. Twelve were case reports and 3 were case series. Of 28 patients with ameloblastoma in the articles, only 22 were recorded to have presented with ameloblastoma with infratemporal or temporal fossa involvement. All the cases of ameloblastoma involving the infratemporal/temporal fossa were recurrent tumors and the average time from first surgical intervention to recurrence was 11.36 years. Most of the primary cases were seen in the mandible (73%) with body/ramus region being the commonest location. Only 5cases were reported to be primarily maxillary ameloblastoma.

CONCLUSION; This review has shown that temporal/infratemporal extension of ameloblastoma occurs commonly with recurrent lesions, although the overall reported incidence is relatively low. Aggressive primary tumor resection, especially for extensive mandibular lesions may be key to preventing this tumor extension.
`PATTERN OF HISTOLOGIC VARIANTS OF AMELOBLASTOMA IN A SECONDARY HEALTH CARE FACILITY IN LAGOS STATE: A 5-YEAR RETROSPECTIVE STUDY.
Authors: Castano Babalola , OLUWAKUYIDE Remilekun T , ADESHINA Oluwafemi A , Adenaike Funmi S , Ayodele Adeshina , Osobu Oluwatosin , Adegbesan Kayode , Faminu Edward
Published: August 2023

Background: Ameloblastoma is a benign epithelial odontogenic neoplasm which is common amongst the Yoruba ethinc group. The various histologic types have been elucidated.

Aim: This study aimed to assess the prevalent histologic types of ameloblastoma in a Lagos secondary health care facility.

Methodology: A 5-year retrospective review of histopathologically diagnosed slides were retrieved. Data extracted include the age, gender, location, ethnicity and histologic variants were analysed by SPSS version 26. Percentages, ratio, mean, standard deviation and crude odd ratio were determined, and p-value ⩽ 0.05 is considered significant.

Result: A total of seventy-seven histopathologically diagnosed ameloblastoma slides were retrieved. Males were more affected than females in ratio 1.2:1 with the mean age 33.61±13.3. Ameloblastoma was commonest in the third decade of life and more in the mandible than maxilla. Yoruba ethnic group was most affected. The commonest histologic type was the unicystic type with intraluminal subtype accounting for the largest proportion. There was significant association between histologic types and gender (p= 0.037). Crude odd ratio revealed the odds in the unicystic type between male and female {p=0.041; CI=95%, OR=2.649(1.042-6.733)} and in the follicular between male and female {p=0.013; CI=95%, OR=3.855(1.321-11.288)}.

Conclusion: The unicystic histologic type of ameloblastoma was the commonest, occurring more in females and this was followed by the follicular histologic type which occurred more in males in this Lagos State secondary health care facility.
Hаrmonіsаsі Hukum Dаnа Pensіun Syаrіаh Dаlаm Kompіlаsі Hukum Ekonomі Syаrіаh (KHES) Dаn Fаtwа No.88/DSN-MUІ/XІ/2013
Authors: Moh. Ulumuddin  , Аhmаd Іnsyа Аnsorі
Published: August 2023

Background. The formulаtіon of the concept of а dіfferent Іslаmіc pensіon fund between the Compіlаtіon of Іslаmіc Economіc Lаw (KHES) аnd Fаtwа No.88/DSN-MUІ/XІ/2013.Aim. Thіs study exаmіnes the need for hаrmonіzаtіon of regulаtіons relаted to Іslаmіc pensіon funds so thаt there іs unіformіty аnd hаrmony of legаl provіsіons іn Іslаmіc pensіon fund regulаtіons.Methods. Thіs reseаrch study uses а lіterаture study аpproаch.Results. The legаl hаrmonіzаtіon of Іslаmіc pensіon funds аccordіng to Supreme Court Regulаtіon No. 2 of 2008 concernіng Compіlаtіon of Shаrіа Economіc Lаw аnd Fаtwа No. 88/DSN-MUІ/XІ/2013 concernіng generаl guіdelіnes for іmplementіng pensіon progrаms bаsed on shаrіа prіncіples whіch аre іn contrаcts аnd dіspute resolutіon, іn the KHES thаt іs used іs the Grаnt Аgreement іn the prаctіce of Іslаmіc pensіon funds, the grаnt contrаct іs іn the form of gіvіng funds (Mаrhun Bіh) from the Gіver Work (Wаhіb) to Workers (Mаuhub lаh) іn іmplementіng shаrіа pensіons. Whereаs іn the fаtwа usіng the Bі Syаrt Grаnt Аgreement, bаsіcаlly the Grаnt іs аbsolute іn the sense thаt the Grаnt іs pаrt of the tаbаrru' contrаct whіch іs for help or аskіng for help, thаt іs, someone who donаtes hіs property meаns thаt the ownershіp of the object іs trаnsferred. Іn the fаtwа relаtіng to аn explаnаtіon regаrdіng dіsputes between pаrtіes аnd the enаctment of the dаte for the determіnаtіon of the fаtwа "іn the event of а dіspute between the pаrtіes іn іmplementіng pensіons bаsed on shаrіа prіncіples through delіberаtіon, medіаtіon, аrbіtrаtіon or court іn аccordаnce wіth аpplіcаble lаws аnd regulаtіons". Meаnwhіle, іn terms of KHES, jurіdіcаlly, іt іs resolved through relіgіous courts. Іn relаtіon to thіs dіshаrmony, іt tends to be better іf the legаl substаnce іs mаde up of lаws аnd regulаtіons whіch the process relаtіvely does not requіre а lengthy legіslаtіve process (through POJK, PMK, PBІ, SEMА etc.) whіch аccommodаtes the two sіdes of the dіfferences thаt exіst.
Remoção cirúrgica de supranumerário maxilar seguida de colagem ortodôntica de canino impactado
Authors: DA CRUZ IANCA PEREIRA , MONTEIRO MARCO ANTONIO DE OLIVEIRA
Published: August 2023

Os dentes supranumerários podem aparecer impactados ou irrompidos e permanecer na cavidade bucal por anos, já que muitas vezes o paciente desconhece sua existência por não causar dor no local ou manifestações clínicas. No entanto, algumas situações clínicas requerem a sua remoção, haja vista o aparecimento de problemas clínicos, como erupção tardia, diastema, lesões patológicas, reabsorção dos dentes adjacentes, dentre outros. O diagnóstico de dentes supranumerários é radiográfico. Partindo do exposto, o objetivo deste artigo é relatar um caso clínico de remoção cirúrgica de um dente supranumerário impactado na maxila seguida da colagem ortodôntica do canino superior adjacente.
Frenectomia associada a enxerto gengival livre
Authors: PERDIGAO PAMELA ALMEIDA , SOUZA ANA CAROLINA  DUPIM , GONZAGA INGRID STEPHANE
Published: August 2023

O freio labial cuja inserção se apresenta próxima a margem gengival provoca tensão tecidual que dificulta a higienização, favorece o acúmulo de biofilme e predispõe a região a patologias periodontais, entre as quais, as recessões gengivais. Nesse trabalho é descrito um caso clínico de recessão gengival Classe II de Miller na face vestibular do dente 31, associada a inserção anormal do freio labial. Foi utilizado a técnica de frenectomia associada ao enxerto gengival livre com objetivo de aumentar a faixa de tecido ceratinizado e a profundidade do vestíbulo, além de prevenir a reinserção do freio labial. O controle pós-operatório imediato e de dois anos revelaram um ganho significativo de gengiva inserida e o total recobrimento radicular. Apesar da baixa previsibilidade do enxerto gengival livre para esse último resultado, nesse caso em especial, obteve-se o sucesso tanto funcional quanto estético.
Atendimento odontológico ao paciente com diabetes mellitus
Authors: CASTILHO LIA SILVA , MIRANDA GABRIEL FERREIRA , SANDRO FARIA  , VILACA ENIO LACERDA
Published: August 2023

O diabetes mellitus é uma doença crônica cuja prevalência vem aumentando mundialmente. Os custos do seu tratamento são altíssimos e poderiam ser reduzidos com a adoção de práticas preventivas tanto no controle dietético quanto na adoção de hábitos saudáveis como não fumar, ingestão de bebidas alcoólicas, drogas, entre outras. A prática odontológica é afetada pela doença, seja nos cuidados específicos ao se realizar procedimentos invasivos, na melhora do controle glicêmico por meio da redução de processos inflamatórios ou até no possível auxílio no diagnóstico de quadros de pré-diabetes pelo cirurgião dentista. Por isso o cirurgião-dentista deve estar sempre bem informado sobre os avanços científicos sobre o controle do diabetes e sobre as possíveis complicações inerentes à instalação da doença periodontal e da cárie dentária dentre outras afecções da cavidade bucal. Tendo esses fatores em vista, esse artigo é uma revisão narrativa da literatura que aborda as principais e mais recentes classificações da doença, assim como suas implicações na prática odontológica.
GAMIFICAÇÃO E EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE
Authors: Souza Ewerton José Moreira de , Da Silva Luiz Fernando , Araújo Paulo Henrique , Rocha Vinicio Felipe Brasil , Mialhe Fábio Luiz
Published: August 2023

Com a chegada da COVID-19 no Brasil, o Sistema Único de Saúde foi demandado quanto a sua capacidade de resposta frente a pandemia. Assim como as demais áreas da saúde, a prática odontológica foi bastante impactada exigindo mudanças significativas nos processos de trabalho. Nesse contexto, o desenvolvimento de atividades de educação em saúde mediadas por tecnologias pode se mostrar como uma alternativa viável. O objetivo desta comunicação breve é apresentar e discutir as possibilidades de utilização e aplicação de atividades gamificadas, através dos aplicativos e plataformas Kahoot, Mentimeter e Wordwall, pelas equipes de atenção primária à saúde, para fomento da educação em saúde bucal, possibilitando uma retomada segura das atividades, sobretudo na perspectiva do Programa Saúde na Escola (PSE). Verifica-se que tais ferramentas geram engajamento com o público infanto-juvenil, causando impactos positivos tanto no aspecto formativo quanto na possibilidade de autocuidado apoiado em saúde bucal. Entretanto, para isto faz-se necessária, a capacitação direcionada aos profissionais das equipes de saúde bucal, visando a melhor compreensão e utilização de ferramentas tecnológicas de informação e comunicação. Assim, a gamificação e o uso das plataformas e aplicativos apresentados parecem mostrar-se promissores para engajar pessoas, no que se refere a saúde bucal, possibilitando aumento da literacia em saúde, sendo factível de aplicação no âmbito da atenção primária em saúde.
ATENDIMENTO ODONTOLÓGICO A PACIENTES COM NECESSIDADES ESPECIAIS
Authors: Rozendo Daiana Moreira Mendes , Moreira Geovane Evangelista , Figueiredo Rísia Maria de Oliveira , Gonçalves Lísia Aparecida Costa
Published: August 2023

No âmbito odontológico, o cirurgião-dentista precisa ter um conhecimento íntegro e estar preparado para atender pacientes portadores de necessidades especiais. A maioria desses indivíduos não apresentam boas condições de saúde bucal e, por isso, necessitam de atenção individualizada além de medidas eficazes de prevenção. O objetivo deste trabalho é destacar a importância do conhecimento e a aplicação de medidas curativas e preventivas durante o atendimento odontológico de pacientes especiais. O levantamento da produção científica sobre o tema “Atendimento Odontológico a Pacientes com Necessidades Especiais”, foi realizado por meio de periódicos presentes nas bases de dados Pubmed, Scielo, Google Acadêmico e Bireme. Os resultados demostraram a importância de um conhecimento íntegro do cirurgião-dentista em relação ao atendimento de pacientes especiais e a necessidade de se abordar esse tema com os estudantes de graduação em odontologia. Portanto, é de extrema valia que haja durante o atendimento odontológico aos pacientes com necessidades especiais uma conduta individualizada, humanizada e com ênfase em medidas preventivas.
Teknologiforstyrrelser i læreruddannelsens danskfag
Authors: Falkesgaard Slot Marie , Rasmussen Hanne Fie , Kjærgaard Thomas
Published: August 2023

Denne artikel bidrager med ny forskning inden for teknologiforståelse i læreruddannelsens danskfag. I fokus er perspektiver på hvordan teknologi- og materialitetsforståelser gennem danskunderviseres handlinger, overvejelser og erkendelser både bliver forstyrret men også former dansk. Artiklen tager afsæt i empiri fra projektet Kompetenceløft for teknologiforståelse på Læreruddannelsen (2019-2022). Vi analyserer tre cases, hvor vi følger danskundervisere fra læreruddannelsens deltagelse i læringslaboratorier. Vi trækker på fagdidaktiske studier og indkredser danskfaget som en foranderlig social konstruktion med en stabil kerne. Vi udnytter også teoretiske begreber om forstyrrelse og erfaring, til at analysere de tre cases. Undersøgelsen af forstyrrelser viser tegn på nye former for danskfaglig teknologiforståelse, der opstår i og med laboratoriearbejde, hvor analoge såvel som digitale teknologier bringes sammen med undervisernes erfaringer med læreruddannelsens danskfag. Materialitet, teknologier, danskundervisere og danskfaget formes her på nye måder. Undersøgelsen viser dog også, at danskunderviserne ikke udelukkende oplever forstyrrelserne som produktive, eller som bidragende udvidelser af læreruddannelsens danskfag.
The Role of Clinical Pharmacists in Patient-Centric Comprehensive Multiple Sclerosis Care
Authors: Bainbridge Jacquelyn , Barnhart Rebecca , Fuller Ryan , Hellerslia Van T. , Kidd Julie , Merrill Steven , Volger Emily , Montgomery Jenelle H.
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:

Individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) may experience a variety of visible and invisible symptoms and, as they age, comorbidities related and unrelated to their MS. This can result in a complex medication regimen that includes disease-modifying therapies, symptom management drugs, and prescriptions for other comorbid disorders.

METHODS:

We reviewed the existing literature to discover how to optimally integrate neurology clinical pharmacists into the MS care team and how clinical pharmacists can directly support both providers and patients through their expertise in pharmacology and medication management.

RESULTS:

With approaches founded on a shared decision-making process alongside neurology providers, patients, and care partners, clinical pharmacists can help meet the complex challenges of MS care in a variety of ways. Especially within MS clinics, they are well positioned to enhance current neurology practices given their extensive training in comprehensive medication management and their ability to identify nuances in medication management to promote pharmacovigilance and patient-centered care.

CONCLUSIONS:

Neurology clinical pharmacists bring multifaceted medication management and patient counseling and education skills to the MS care team and can support the shared decision-making process by serving as an accessible resource for patients and clinicians. By building trusted partnerships between neurology providers and clinical pharmacists, MS care teams can achieve effective and efficient patient care. Future research should compare clinical and patient-reported outcomes between patients receiving standard care and those receiving multidisciplinary, pharmacist-integrated care.
Analogue signaling of somatodendritic synaptic activity to axon enhances GABA release in young cerebellar molecular layer interneurons
Authors: Trigo Federico , Kawaguchi Shin-ya
Published: August 2023

Axons are equipped with the digital signaling capacity by which they generate and faithfully propagate action potentials (APs), and also with the analogue signaling capacity by which subthreshold activity in dendrites and soma is transmitted down the axon. Despite intense work, the extent and physiological role for subthreshold synaptic activity reaching the presynaptic boutons has remained elusive because of the technical limitation to record from them. To address this issue, we made simultaneous patch-clamp recordings from the presynaptic varicosities of cerebellar GABAergic interneurons together with their parent soma or postsynaptic target cells in young rat slices and/or primary cultures. Our tour-de-force direct functional dissection indicates that the somatodendritic spontaneous excitatory synaptic potentials are transmitted down the axon for significant distances, depolarizing presynaptic boutons. These analogously transmitted excitatory synaptic potentials augment presynaptic Ca++ influx upon arrival of an immediately following AP through a mechanism that involves a voltage-dependent priming of the Ca++ channels, leading to an increase in GABA release, without any modification in the presynaptic AP waveform or residual Ca++. Our work highlights the role of the axon in synaptic integration.
CaMKII autophosphorylation can occur between holoenzymes without subunit exchange
Authors: Lučić Iva , Héluin Léonie , Jiang Pin-Lian , Castro Scalise Alejandro G , Wang Cong , Franz Andreas , Heyd Florian , Wahl Markus C , Liu Fan , Plested Andrew JR
Published: August 2023

The dodecameric protein kinase CaMKII is expressed throughout the body. The alpha isoform is responsible for synaptic plasticity and participates in memory through its phosphorylation of synaptic proteins. Its elaborate subunit organization and propensity for autophosphorylation allow it to preserve neuronal plasticity across space and time. The prevailing hypothesis for the spread of CaMKII activity, involving shuffling of subunits between activated and naive holoenzymes, is broadly termed subunit exchange. In contrast to the expectations of previous work, we found little evidence for subunit exchange upon activation, and no effect of restraining subunits to their parent holoenzymes. Rather, mass photometry, crosslinking mass spectrometry, single molecule TIRF microscopy and biochemical assays identify inter-holoenzyme phosphorylation (IHP) as the mechanism for spreading phosphorylation. The transient, activity-dependent formation of groups of holoenzymes is well suited to the speed of neuronal activity. Our results place fundamental limits on the activation mechanism of this kinase.
Specific Modulation of CRISPR Transcriptional Activators through RNA-Sensing Guide RNAs in Mammalian Cells and Zebrafish Embryos
Authors: Pelea Oana , Mayes Sarah , Ferry Quentin RV. , Fulga Tudor A. , Sauka-Spengler Tatjana
Published: August 2023

Cellular transcripts encode important information regarding cell identity and disease status. The activation of CRISPR in response to RNA biomarkers holds the potential for controlling CRISPR activity with spatiotemporal precision. This would enable the restriction of CRISPR activity to specific cell types expressing RNA biomarkers of interest while preventing unwanted activity in other cells. Here, we present a simple and specific platform for modulating CRISPR activity in response to RNA detection through engineering
Streptococcus pyogenes
Cas9 single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs). sgRNAs are engineered to fold into complex secondary structures that, in the ground state, inhibit their activity. The engineered sgRNAs become activated upon recognising complementary RNAs, thus enabling Cas9 to perform its function. Our approach enables CRISPR activation in response to RNA detection in both HEK293T cells and zebrafish embryos. Iterative design optimisations allowed the development of computational tools for generating sgRNAs capable of detecting RNA sequences of choice. Mechanistic investigations reveal that engineered sgRNAs are cleaved during RNA detection, and we identify key positions that benefit from chemical modifications to improve the stability of engineered sgRNAs
in vivo
. Our sensors open up novel opportunities for developing new research and therapeutic applications using CRISPR activation in response to endogenous RNA biomarkers.
Deep learning for rapid analysis of cell divisions in vivo during epithelial morphogenesis and repair
Authors: Turley Jake , Chenchiah Isaac V , Martin Paul , Liverpool Tanniemola B , Weavers Helen
Published: August 2023

Cell division is fundamental to all healthy tissue growth, as well as being rate-limiting in the tissue repair response to wounding and during cancer progression. However, the role that cell divisions play in tissue growth is a collective one, requiring the integration of many individual cell division events. It is particularly difficult to accurately detect and quantify multiple features of large numbers of cell divisions (including their spatio-temporal synchronicity and orientation) over extended periods of time. It would thus be advantageous to perform such analyses in an automated fashion, which can naturally be enabled using deep learning. Hence, we develop a pipeline of deep learning models that accurately identify dividing cells in time-lapse movies of epithelial tissues in vivo. Our pipeline also determines their axis of division orientation, as well as their shape changes before and after division. This strategy enables us to analyse the dynamic profile of cell divisions within the Drosophila pupal wing epithelium, both as it undergoes developmental morphogenesis and as it repairs following laser wounding. We show that the division axis is biased according to lines of tissue tension and that wounding triggers a synchronised (but not oriented) burst of cell divisions back from the leading edge.