bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A SCHOLARLY CONSIDERATION ON THE THEORIES AND LITERATURE OF TAX REFORMS IN SIERRA LEONE
Authors: Samuels Harry , Duramany-Lakkoh Ezekiel K.
Published: September 2023

This study examines how tax reforms have been implemented and how it has influenced Sierra Leone's ability to streamline fiscal structures. The topic of tax revenue mobilization is becoming more and more popular and crucial for emerging nations. The fiscal arrangement that exists between taxpayers and the current political administration is a fiduciary relationship that binds both parties to the right and obligation to effectively and efficiently mobilize revenues. The tax system in use has had a significant impact on government revenue since it allows for loopholes, dishonest tax authorities, inadequate data, and many other issues. This study also applauds the government for strengthening corporate tax authority plans and putting local restrictions on large corporations and foreign governments who conduct business in Sierra Leone. By doing this, taxpayers and tax authorities will be encouraged to be accountable, transparent, and compliant. Additionally, Sierra Leone's tax administration underwent a number of modifications between 2014 and 2019, although nothing is known about how well those reforms fared in terms of raising tax revenue. In fact, reform as a factor affecting tax collection has received little attention in the research on what motivates domestic resource mobilization. The paper evaluates whether reforms are crucial for raising tax revenue by taking into account various aspects of reforms in the tax administration, including tax-related reforms and reforms related to institutions, and using various econometric methods based on ordinary least squares, instrumental variable two-stage least squares, and iteratively reweighted least squares. According to the findings, tax reforms, institutional reforms, and all other reforms put together have greatly improved tax revenue performance. The main takeaway is that greater institutional and tax-related reforms are essential for sustainingly increasing tax revenue collection.

 

JEL: E61, E62, P35

 

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COVID-19 PANDEMIC EVENTS AND PHILIPPINE STOCK MARKET PERFORMANCE: TESTING FOR MULTIPLE BREAKPOINTS
Authors: Pinili Charisse Prince R. , Murcia John Vianne
Published: September 2023

This study examined several PSEi breakpoints to determine if COVID-19-related headlines or events cause significant stock market breaks. From December 2, 2019 to May 5, 2022 (T=632), time-series data revealed that the stock market performed the worst during the first four months of 2020. Regression with ordinary least squares on PSEi values revealed the Philippine stock market has random walk characteristics for the same time period. The Breusch-Godfrey serial correlation LM test at two lags demonstrated serial correlation in the mean equation residuals. During COVID-19 pandemic events, the Chow test was applied to daily stock market data to identify structural breaks and PSEi shifts. The Bai-Perron test identified four noteworthy multi-breakpoints. On April 17, 2020, Leyte reported the first confirmed case of COVID-19, and Johns Hopkins University reported that the global death toll exceeded 50,000. This event is likely related to the cutoff dates of November 5 and 6, 2020, when the Philippines will have an average of 1,000 COVID-19 cases per day and the government will have identified specific sectors to receive free vaccines under the initial procurement. On March 23, 2021, 17 mayors of Metro Manila and neighbouring cities voted unanimously to close recreational establishments for two weeks, indicating a possible parallel to the breakpoints on September 3, 2021, when the Philippine Food and Drug Administration approved Moderna vaccines for 12–17-year-olds. Another breakpoint found was on October 11, 2021924,300 COVAX vaccines donated by the United States arrived at Ninoy Aquino International Airport. Breakpoint events and their implications for the study of financial economics were discussed. 

JEL: E32; G11; G14; G17

 

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EFFECT OF PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT ON THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF LISTED INSURANCE FIRMS IN THE NAIROBI SECURITIES EXCHANGE, KENYA
Authors: Wandabusi Celestine , Ombok Benjamin O. , Nyamita Micah O.
Published: September 2023

The performance of listed insurance companies in Kenya has over time been unstable, despite its contribution to Kenya’s GDP. Whereas the firms have diversified investment asset portfolios, the financial performance of these companies has generally remained low; as evidenced by inconsistent revenues. The purpose of this paper is to establish the relationship between portfolio management and the financial performance of the listed insurance firms in Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE), Kenya. The study has been guided by Modern Portfolio Theory, allowing for the integration of mixed securities. correlational research design has been employed on a target population of six (6) listed insurance companies at the Nairobi Securities Exchange. census technique of data collection to obtain secondary data through the document review method was used. Analyzing data through descriptive and inferential statistics, the following results were obtained; showing a positive significant effect of both portfolio size (β = 0.4859, p = 0.002) and portfolio asset allocation (β = 0.4031, p = 0.000) on the financial performance of listed insurance firms at NSE. However, the results yielded a negative but significant effect of portfolio risk (β = - 0.02546, p = 0.002) on financial performance; implying that a unit increase in portfolio size and portfolio asset allocation leads to 48.59% and 40.31% increase in financial performance of listed insurance firms, respectively. However, Portfolio risk has a negative effect, implying that a unit increase in portfolio risk leads to a 2.55% reduction in financial performance. It can therefore be concluded that portfolio management influences the financial performance of insurance firms listed at the NSE, thereby recommending that listed insurance firms in the NSE should increase the level of portfolio management by giving attention to such elements as portfolio size, portfolio asset allocation, and portfolio risk; which are important predictors of the firms’ financial performance, alongside determining the specific mix of investments generating the highest return for a given level of risk, which will lead to increased profitability. 

JEL: G10; G20; G22

 

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WORKPLACE WITHOUT WALLS: AN INVESTIGATION INTO REMOTE WORKING AND EMPLOYEE WELL-BEING AT MAYBANK, MALAYSIA
Authors: Kanapathipillai Kumaran , Anuar Adam Bin , Hamzah Iza Musliha Binti , Zulkiply Muhd Norazul Hafiz Bin
Published: September 2023

This study examines remote work's impact on employee well-being. This study aims to provide valuable insights for the banking sector and businesses to improve their employees' well-being by comprehensively investigating remote work dynamics and their outcomes. The results, involving 445 participants from Maybank, show that remote work significantly impacts employees' well-being at Maybank. This study has brought to light that telecommuting, employee engagement, transformational leadership, and work-life balance positively impact the well-being of employees at Maybank. This study's findings can help Maybank improve its policy development, resource allocation, and program implementation, ultimately enhancing remote working arrangements and employee well-being. By effectively managing the challenges inherent in remote work, Maybank can cultivate a conducive work environment that fosters employee satisfaction, engagement, and productivity, ultimately resulting in enhanced organizational performance.
 

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DIGITAL TRANSITION AT GOLDEN YEARS: UNCOVERING WHAT FUELS, THE SHIFT TO DIGITAL BANKING SERVICES AMONG MALAYSIAN SENIORS
Authors: Kanapathipillai Kumaran , Sufian Noraini binti Mohd , Anuar Nor Haslina binti , Shamsudin Nurul Athiera Binti Mohd
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this research is to identify the factors that affect the behavioural intention to adopt digital banking among senior citizens in Malaysia. The adoption of digital banking among senior citizens is relatively low compared to the younger generation. Therefore, a survey was conducted to evaluate the factors that affect the behavioural intention to adopt digital banking among senior citizens in Malaysia. 390 questionnaires were collected from senior citizens in Malaysia's Klang Valley. Based on the data collected, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to evaluate the responses. The findings suggested that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, price value, habit, social influence, and hedonic motivation significantly influence the behavioural intention to adopt digital banking among senior citizens in Malaysia. This study's findings will allow banks, financial institutions, and policymakers to broaden their understanding of what drives the adoption of digital banking services and the obstacles that stand in the way of adopting these services. The results from this study can aid financial institutions and the banking sector in improving or enhancing these factors so that elderly banking consumers can benefit and experience the total value offered by the banking sector. The banking sector should develop digital banking services appropriately to entice senior citizens to use digital banking services. The digital banking platform should be aesthetically designed to improve senior citizens' experiences. The marketing of digital banking could be strategized based on the factors studied in this research.
 

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NAVIGATING THE DIGITAL SHIFT: HOW ACCEPTANCE FACTORS SHAPE MALAYSIA'S BANKING EVOLUTION
Authors: Kanapathipillai Kumaran , Shari Ahmad Nabil Bin , Ajmain Muhamad Farid Bin Muhamad , Rahman Nur Syuhada Binti Abdul
Published: September 2023

This study investigates the factors influencing Malaysian consumers' intentions toward digital banking. Digital banking has revolutionised the traditional banking industry by leveraging technology and the internet to provide convenient and accessible financial services. In Malaysia, the adoption of digital banking has been slow, with only 31% of Malaysians interested in digital banking services. This is due to several factors, including security concerns, a lack of trust in digital banking platforms, and the perceived difficulty of using these platforms. This study uses the responses of 392 Malaysian consumers on their perceptions of digital banking services. The study results show that perceived awareness and risk are the most significant factors influencing Malaysian consumers' intentions to adopt digital banking. The findings of this study have implications for banks and financial institutions in Malaysia. Therefore, banks need to address consumer concerns about risks and security and make their digital banking platforms more user-friendly to increase the adoption of digital banking services.
 

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THIRTY THREE (33) YEARS ON: AN ASSESSMENT OF ECOWAS TRADE LIBERALIZATION SCHEME AND ECONOMIC INTEGRATION IN THE WEST AFRICAN SUB-REGION
Authors: Uko E. Uwak , Ebong V. Edem
Published: September 2023

The ECOWAS Trade Liberation Scheme (ETLS) is the main ECOWAS Operational tool in bringing a free trade area and economic interaction for the West African Sub-region. Although there are few minimal achievements of the scheme, there are a lot more obstacles bedevilled the full implementation of the scheme after 44 years it had been drawn up, and 33 years after it became fully operational. Therefore, the crux of this study was an assessment of whether the scheme has succeeded in the creation of a free trade area, customs union and economic integration in the West African sub-region. The study adopted the custom Union theory as the theoretical framework of analysis. The major finding of the work was that there cannot be a free trade area without any products to trade as the lack of export diversification has been one of the major obstacles to attaining a free trade area and economic integration in West Africa. Other findings included but were not limited to, the inadequacies of laid-down policies coupled with the constant circumvention of such policies, the absence of harmonization of policies and standards and much more. In the final analysis, the study recommended among others, the improvement in levels of production in individual member states through policies and programmes, eliminating of all forms of trade barriers as well as the private sector involvement in the decision-making and the implementation process of ECOWAS protocols and schemes for a fair representation of their interest.
 

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PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE OF MARXISM-LENINISM ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BEHAVIORAL CULTURE AND THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Hung Le Trong
Published: September 2023

Behavioral culture is an integral component of culture, comprising a system of values including knowledge, emotions, beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors of individuals towards the natural environment, social environment, and human interactions accumulated through practical activities. In this article, we clarify the concept of behavioral culture, cultural behavior towards the natural environment, and delve into the study of the relationship between behavioral culture and the natural environment based on the viewpoints of Marxism-Leninism concerning behavioral culture towards the natural environment.
 

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THE ARCHITECTURE OF VIETNAMESE TEMPLES – A STUDY FROM AN ARTISTIC PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Ngan Nguyen Thi Kim , Hai Nguyen Chi
Published: September 2023

The pagoda in Vietnam is an architectural work with many artistic values. The pagoda is a sacred space, and it gathers the cultural and artistic values of the Vietnamese people. In addition, it has satisfied the living needs of life, meeting the aesthetic needs of the people. The temple is the most complete collection of visual elements, closely combining and supporting each other in a unified whole. From an artistic perspective, the temple is the most typical architectural art of the Vietnamese people. The beauty of the temple is reflected in its sanctity. The art of architecture and decoration of the temple expresses the thoughts and feelings of the Vietnamese people. Besides, it shows the creativity and aesthetic aptitude of the Vietnamese people. The pagoda is a typical example, a uniqueness that creates the unique beauty of the Vietnamese people.
 

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RESEARCH CAPABILITY OF TEACHING AND NON-TEACHING PERSONNEL OF UNIVERSIDAD DE MANILA FOR RESEARCH MANAGEMENT COURSE CERTIFICATE PLAN
Authors: Caday Ma. Aurora T. , Canda Edgardo G. , Mallillin Leovigildo Lito D. , Singson Jose Florante F.
Published: September 2023

The paper aims to investigate the research capability of teaching and non-teaching personnel of Universidad De Manila. A descriptive survey research design is utilized in the study to quantify and measure the research capability of teaching and non-teaching personnel for the research management course plan. Likewise, purposive sampling is employed in selecting the sample size of the population. The study comprised One Hundred (100) respondents only. Results show that teaching personnel are capable and can do the task independently in identifying or recognizing researchable problems, preparing the rationale of the study and finding related literature on the research topic, show that non-teaching personnel are capable and can do the task independently in identifying or recognizing researchable problems, gathering of data according to the nature of the study. Findings show that there is no significant difference between the teaching and non-teaching personnel when it comes to research capability as observed by the respondents.
 

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COMPUTER SCIENCE AND PRIMARY EDUCATION TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS, IN USING DIGITAL GAMES AS LEARNING TOOLS. OBSTACLES AND FACTORS THAT LEAD TO THEIR EFFECTIVE USE
Authors: Kougioumtzidou Eleni , Botsoglou Kafenia , Zygouris Nikolaos
Published: September 2023

Over the last decade, in addition to their entertainment dimension, digital games, have been used as teaching and learning tools. International literature has shown several studies that evaluate the effectiveness of digital games in the educational process. Many researchers argue that digital games can be of assistance to student’s learning and solving problems, as well as develop social and cognitive skills (Gee 2003, Prensky 2007, Oblinger & Oblinger 2005, Watson et al. 2011). This research aimed to computer science teachers and primary education teacher’s perceptions, regarding the use of digital games, as a teaching and learning tool, the factors that make their use effective, not to mention the barriers to their use. One hundred twenty teachers participated (70 computer science teachers and 50 teachers), by completing a questionnaire of fifteen questions, on a Likert scale and two open-ended questions. Results demonstrated that both teachers and computer educators agree that the use of digital games is a "good" practice, which enhances and enriches the learning process, provides motivation, and is an effective learning tool. Their design should be addressed to students’ personal needs and be based on learning principles. However, it has been observed that computer educators are the ones who use digital games in their teaching, more often as opposed to teachers. The main obstacles that prevent teachers from using technology in their classrooms are the lack of infrastructure, motivation, training, as well as the time available. The elements that seem to be taken into consideration by a teacher, in order to capitalize on digital games in the educational process, are personal needs and students’ particularities, as well as preparation, feedback and the setting of limits by the teachers. Research findings could be utilized in both digital play use in education and in its development, as a learning tool.
 

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PROMOTING THE CULTURAL STRENGTH IN CONSTRUCTION AND PROTECTION OF THE COUNTRY – THE VALUABLE PRACTICE FROM THE 1943 OUTLINE OF VIETNAMESE CULTURE
Authors: Thuy Doan Thanh , Hong Dong Thi
Published: September 2023

Culture plays an important role in the socio-economic development and sustainable development of the country. It is the spiritual foundation of society, the goal and the driving force of development. The article researches and clarifies the values of the 1943 Outline of Vietnamese Culture, the role of culture in the construction and defense of the country. From there, the article offers solutions to promote the strength of culture in the construction and development of the country in the current period.
 

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DIPLOMATIC STRUGGLE FOR MAINTAINING THE REVOLUTION AND STRENGTHENING THE REVOLUTIONARY GOVERNMENT IN VIETNAM FROM SEPTEMBER 1945 TO THE 1946 PRELIMINARY AGREEMENT
Authors: Tham Hoang Thi
Published: September 2023

After the successful August 1945 Revolution in Vietnam, the imperialist forces and reactionary henchmen in Vietnam conspired together to attempt to overthrow the newly established revolutionary government and destroy the achievements of the Vietnamese revolution. In this extremely dangerous situation, relying on the revolutionary momentum and strength of the newly liberated nation, the diplomatic struggle was soon deployed with clever and flexible strategies and measures that contributed to an important part in creating a temporary pause in order to maintain and strengthen the revolutionary government and to take advantage of preparing the strength for the national resistance war. The article focuses on clarifying the process of peaceful diplomatic struggle with Chiang Kai-shek's army in North Vietnam and stepping up the resistance against the French colonialists' re-invasion in South Vietnam by the Indochinese Communist Party and the Government of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. The process of diplomatic struggle was deferred with France, coming to a preliminary agreement on March 6, 1946, pushing Chiang Kai-shek's army out of Vietnam.
 

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QUESTIONING IF THE LITERARY NARRATIVE AND REAL-LIFE STORIES OVERLAP WITH TODAY'S REALITIES: THE EXAMPLE OF "ANNE WITH AN E" TV SERIAL
Authors: Pembecioğlu Nilüfer , Çomak Nebahat Akgün
Published: September 2023

In this study, there are three key topics are explored and discussed. It is first and foremost vital to examine whether the series in question is appropriate for viewers who are older than eight years old. In the second evaluation, it is examined whether contemporary realities and literary narratives have any overlap. This implies that issues related to history, society, psychology, and modernity are approached from a fresh angle. Last but not least, it has to do with the potential social effects of adjusting historical tales to the present. This entails reassessing the past or historical narratives from the viewpoint of the present. However, the key inquiry is: How closely does a film's core meaning align with the meaning that is revealed after seeing it? What about a movie's relevance alters when it's watched again after some time? This study addresses the film-audience connection in two separate ways under the category of "meaning." The relationship between the meaning that viewers derive from the movie's content while watching it is the main topic of discussion. The second is the text's complementary meaning as revealed by its social, psychological, or historical elements.
 

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ECONOMIC RELATIONS BETWEEN VIETNAM AND THE SOVIET UNION (1986-1991)
Authors: Phuc Nguyen Thi , Nga Cao Thi Huyen , Thuy Pham Thi
Published: September 2023

On November 3, 1978, Vietnam and the Soviet Union signed the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation, signaling a fresh and significant development in many domains, both in breadth and depth, which had a significant impact on the development of the two countries. This is seen as a "golden period" in particular for business connections between Vietnam and the Soviet Union. When both Vietnam and the Soviet Union began the process of "reforming" and "renovating" their respective nations in 1986, the two nations' economic connections continued to experience qualitative advancements. Vietnam was able to begin the process of rehabilitation and national construction with a strong economic foundation thanks to the Soviet Union's backing and aid during the years 1986 to 1991.
 

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PENGARUH MODEL BLENDED LEARNING DALAM MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI MAHASISWA
Authors: Simangunsong Sumihar
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya keahlian lulusan perguruan tinggi yang mengakibatkan rendahnya kompetensi dalam dunia kerja di era globalisasi saat ini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menunjukkan hubungan peningkatan kompetensi profesional melalui model blended learning. Sampel penelitian ini adalah empat puluh lima mahasiswa jurusan Pertambangan ISTP TA 2021/2022 yang dijadikan dua kelompok sampel. Kelompok kontrol (CG) sebanyak 20 siswa merupakan kelompok yang tidak diberi perlakuan model blended learning, sedangkan kelompok eksperimen (EG) sebanyak 25 siswa diberi perlakuan model blended learning. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Untuk mengetahui tingkat kompetensi profesional siswa digunakan tes untuk setiap kriteria kompetensi. Hasil yang diperoleh pada tingkat kompetensi pada kelompok kontrol kognitif 0%, kompetensi andragogik 25% dan kompetensi sosial 35%, serta pada kelompok eksperimen. kognitif 48%, andragogical competence 72% dan social competence 64%. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa model blended learning dapat meningkatkan dan mengembangkan kompetensi profesional mahasiswa pascasarjana sehingga berkompeten di dunia kerja di era globalisasi.
ANALISA PERENCANAAN (PERKERASAN LENTUR) PADA STA 2+000 S/D 4+000 PADA PEMBANGUNAN JALAN AKSES TSTH II DOLOK SANGGUL (STUDI KASUS)
Authors: Debataraja Semangat Marudut Tua , Ginting Rahelina , Tambunan Arie Paska , Waruwu Brama Damai Putra
Published: September 2023

ABSTRAK

Taman Sains Teknologi Herbal dapat diakses dari berbagai kendaraan melalui Jalan Akses TSTH, jalan lintas provinsi. Kapasitas jalan tidak dapat melebihi batas Derajat Kejenuhan (DS) = 0,75 karena akan digunakan untuk mengakses peningkatan permintaan makanan dan bahan obat tradisional Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, untuk menentukan kenaikan kelas jalan yang ditetapkan pemerintah, perlu dilakukan pelebaran dan pelapisan jalan untuk meningkatkan kapasitasnya. Metode Metode Analisis Komponen Konstruksi Bangunan Indonesia dan Metode AASHTO'86 digunakan dalam Perencanaan Pembangunan Jalan Akses TSTH untuk menghitung tebal perkerasan yang dibutuhkan. Apabila hasil perhitungan dibandingkan, maka diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut: DDT = 2.1;ITP = 9.5;10 cm pada Laston MS 744 ;  25 cm untuk lapisan pondasi atas; 25 cm pondasi bawah; menggunakan Pendekatan Jalan Raya yaitu 450.000 Psi = EAC; SN = 4 ; D1 = 10 cm; D2 = 25 cm; D3 = 28 cm. Diperoleh tebal ke dua pendekatan adalah sama.
EVALUASI PERENCANAAN TEMBOK PENAHAN TANAH LONGSOR SIDIKALANG – SINGKIL STA 2+150
Authors: Malau Leyona , Sinaga Herry Apriantho , Endayanti Masriani
Published: September 2023

Kelongsoran tanah sering terjadi diakibatkan meningkatnya tegangan geser suatu massa tanah atau menurunnya kekuatan geser suatu massa tanah. Pada kasus ini Sidikalang–Singkil STA 2+150 mengalami kelongsoroan.Alternatif penanggulangan longsor pada kasus ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan dinding penahan tanah model Kantilever yaitu dinding penahan tanah yang terbuat dari beton bertulang yang tersusun dari dinding vertikal dan tapak lantai dimana konstruksi berbentuk dinding yang digunakan untuk menjaga kestabilan agar bidang tanah tidak bergeser atau longsor.Dari perhitungan Retaining wall hasil  = 2,5  ;  = 3,6 ;  = 3429,966 dimana Qg  Pu .Nilai SF aman terhadap guling dan geser
Financial Benefits of Peace Discourse between two Belligerent Neighbors
Authors: Iqbal Sabeeh , Mubeen Muhammad , Aamir Muhammad , Saleem Muhammad Shujaat
Published: September 2023

Political risk is an important factor for an international investor in order to diversify his portfolio. Regional political instability causes hindrance in economic development and therefore influences capital markets in the region. The objective of this paper is to investigate the impact of bilateral peace dialogue between India and Pakistan on stock markets of Pakistan. The study uses a quantitative research design with secondary data as source. The sample includes KSE all shares, and a cross-section of 575 stocks in PSX. The study uses event study methodology of Brown & Warner (1985). The methods of estimation include summery statistics, average abnormal returns summery, and event analysis. The dependent variable is average abnormal returns, and cumulative average abnormal returns, while independent variables are the news of peace dialogues. The sources of data collection includes “Data stream”, and Aljazeera website. Results suggest that abnormal returns of KSE All Share Index are not significant. Only a few peace dialogues occurring on October 19, 2007, April 24, 2008 and July 16, 2009 show significant CARs for eleven days event window. These results imply that peace process should be carefully drafted so that market can feel its presence. Additionally, central issues on Kashmir, Kargil, Siachen and so on should be resolved in order to bring peace in the region. This study contributes to emerging capital markets literature as it guides an international investor in gauging the stock market’s reaction in the wake of political events like peace processes. The study generalizes its findings on PSX only. The future research may consider the impact of peace discourse on stock market of other countries in comparative format.
A Critical Review of Apanavata with special reference to Menstrual Physiology
Authors: Mohini Singh  , Ravindra Singh Yadav  , Smriti Pandey
Published: September 2023

Dosha, Dhatu, and Mala constitute the human body. Doshas are an essential component of our body's health, illness, etc. Only by maintaining these Doshas in balance can the human body be kept in a healthy state, and their imbalance results in disease. There are three Doshas: Vata, Pitta and Kapha. Due to its ability to control the actions of other Doshas as well, Vata is regarded as the most important among them. The body's Nishkramana of Mutra (urine), Purisha (faeces), Shukra (semen), Artava (menstrual fluid and ovulation) and Garbha (foetus) are all activities of the Apanavata subdivision of Vata. Nearly every Acharya in Ayurveda has quoted about Apanavata and its activities, but because its mechanism of action is not elucidated, we only possess an incomplete comprehension of it. With the aid of current theories, the present study has been done to examine the Apanavata and fully comprehend its role (physiological action). Ovulation and menstruation are associated with Artava nishkraman, but parturition or childbirth is associated with Garbha nishkraman. The main objective of this work is to take into consideration Artava Nishkraman in female reproductive physiology.
An Integrated Approach in Management of Pemphigus Vulgaris
Authors: Neha J Achary  , Pankaj V. Chhayani  , Kalapi B.Patel
Published: September 2023

Pemphigus refers to a group of autoantibody-mediated intra-epidermal blistering diseases characterized by loss of cohesion between epidermal cells (a process termed acantholysis). Applying pressure to the skin of these patients may elicit the separation of the epidermis which is known as Nikolsky’s sign. Pemphigus vulgaris can be compared with Agnivisarpa based on similar manifestation. The mainstay of treatment is systemic glucocorticoids in allopathy science. The current mortality is around 5% with glucocorticoids treatment. Case History: This case report is of 40 years old male patient who presented with blisters formation on whole over body, perspiration, itching and burning since last 6 months. He was treated in indoor department with Snehana Cikitsa mainly along with oral glucocorticoids for 25 days. The dose of oral glucocorticoids was tapered with improvement in patient’s condition. Result: At the time discharge, patient was prescribed 10mg prednisolone and oral Ayurvedic medicines. After 25 days of treatment patient had more than 90% relief and glucorticoids was stopped. On the 2nd follow of treatment patient was kept only on Ayurvedic medicines. During first two follow-ups, patient had significant relief.
A Review of the Therapeutic Effect of Musli in (Chlorophytum Borivilianum) Sukra Alpata which Correlates to Oligospermia
Authors: Rajdeep Kumar  , Chitranjan Das  , Sampurna Nand Tiwari
Published: September 2023

Male infertility is one of today's most pressing issues, and the prevalence of this condition is rising owing to a change in lifestyle. Low sperm count denotes a lower-than-normal sperm count in the semen you produce during orgasm. Oligospermia is another name for low sperm counts. A zero sperm count is referred to as azoospermia. Oligozoospermia is a disorder associated with male infertility that is characterized by a low sperm count. Ayurveda, the Indian medical system's science, defined several terminologies linked to male infertility, including Kshina shukra, Alpa Retasa, and Shukra dosha, which are similar to disorders connected with oligozoospermia. Ayurveda also described several medications for treating oligozoospermia. Musli is the most widely used remedy for oligospermia. Musli is one of the well-known medications described in Ayurvedic texts. Musli has exceptional aphrodisiac and revitalizing qualities. It is beneficial to overall health development. In Ayurveda, musli is also known as Talamuli, Suvaha, Talamulika, Deerghakandika, and Talapatri. It is a Rasayana medication that is useful in Ayurvedic Materia Medica for vigor and vitality. Sweta Musli's therapeutic value has long been praised and supported due to its aphrodisiac properties. Samhita Sweta Musli and Krishna Musli are the two main varieties of Musli. It works to treat impotence, and infertility, increase male potency, and has immune-modulating and adaptogenic qualities.
Role of Panchbhautika Taila Nasya in Socio-Behavioral Disorders - Ayurveda Perspective
Authors: Piyushika Sharma  , Rahul Katkar  , Shrinidhi Kumar K
Published: September 2023

Socio-behavioural disorders have a profound impact on affected individuals lives and society at large. The conventional treatment for child and adolescent psychiatric disorders often involves psychopharmacology, which may be associated with adverse side effects. Ayurveda, an ancient traditional system of medicine, offers a multidimensional therapeutic strategy to address these disorders. According to the classics, the unstable status of Mana, Indriya and Atma leads to many socio-behavioural disorders. To address this challenge, Ayurveda have given a multidimensional approach including Medhya rasayanas, Panchakarma procedures like Nasya and nonmedical treatment including Achara rasayana (rejuvenation through the right code of conduct) and Satvavajaya chikitsa. Panchbhautika taila nasya is mentioned in Kashyap samhita for increasing the strength of sensory organs This research article explores the efficacy of Ayurvedic Nasya therapy, particularly Panchbhautik Taila Nasya, as a potential intervention to enhance cognitive function and mitigate socio-behavioural abnormalities.
Analytical Studies on Jarajanya Vishada (Geriatric Depression) in Light of Charaka Samhita and its Management with Ashwagandha Root
Authors: Sukalyan Ray  , Sumana Ray Paul
Published: September 2023

The state of Vishada (depression) which is seen during Jeernavastha (old age) can be termed as ‘Jarajanya Vishada’ in accordance with geriatric depression which is now days considered as world-wide phenomenon. Vata Dosha which becomes dominant during old age is also responsible for causation of Vishada. Geriatric depression is generally associated with higher medical morbidity and mortality, greater disability along with more neuro-psychological and neuro-radiological abnormalities which is also seen during Jeernavastha. Aims and Objectives: To evaluate the concept of Jarajanya Vishada in line of geriatric depression along with to evaluate the efficacy of the stipulated drug i.e., root of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera Linn.) to combat the same. Materials and Methods: In selected 24 subjects of Jarajanya Vishada (geriatric depression) having inclusion and exclusion criteria based on Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), selected therapeutic regimen (1. Shirodhara by warm decoction of root of Ashwagandha + 2. Avapida Nasya by fresh juice of Ashwagandha root along with 3. Oral intake of fresh juice of root of Ashwagandha) was administered for 30 consecutive days. Results: The result of the study revealed that, the stipulated therapeutic regimen with Ashwagandha has moderate efficacy (25% - 50%) on maximum cases of mild depression and mild efficacy (<25%) on maximum cases of major depression. Conclusion: The state of Jarajanya Vishada should be evaluated on the basis of subjective experience by the individuals suffering from it with the help of Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Cases of geriatric depression should be treated with drugs having Vata Shamaka and Jara Nashaka properties, like root of Ashwagandha.
The Bruhaniya Effect of Ashwagandha Rasayan in Management of Apatarpanjanya Karshya with Special Reference to Undernutrition
Authors: Ashutosh A Debnath  , Rajesh S Kolarkar  , Swati Ambekar  , Swapnil Kharat
Published: September 2023

Karshya (undernutrition) is an Apatarpanjanya and Rasa-pradoshaja vyadhi. It is the most large spreading health and nutritional disorder in developing countries. Karshya means person having lean and thin body character without having any more complaints. Karshya is the disease comparable with undernutrition which can be Swatantra Vyadhi (independent disease) a normal phenomenon or it can also manifest along with other diseases as a prestige symptom of complication. It is an Apatarpana Janya Vyadhi (disease caused due to under nourishment) where Vata Dosha plays a very important role in the pathogenesis along with that vitiated Pitta. Vitiated Pachaka Pitta (sub type of Pitta- digestive enzymes) leads to Agni Dushti (impaired digestion) as a result of which the Dhatus are not nourished properly leading to Anuloma Karshaya (depletion of body tissues).

Acharya Charaka has well explained clinical symptoms of Karshya. He has explained causative factors in detail which are Aharaja (dietary), Viharaja (behavioural), and Manasika (psychological). “Rasayana therapy” is one of the eight clinical specialties of classical Ayurveda. The nutritional and nourishment deriving function of particular drugs or therapy are known as ‘Rasayana’ in Ayurveda. Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera, fam. Solanaceae) is commonly known as ‘Indian Ginseng’. ‘Ashwagandha Rasayana’ is described as a herbal preparation that promotes a youthful state of physical and mental health. It is known as “Sattvic Kapha Rasayana” Herb (Changhadi, 1938). The various measures of Karshya and Rasayan chikitsa described in the dispersed manner in Ayurveda are collected, compiled and discussed in this research paper.
A Pharmaceutico-Analytical Study of Shirishadi Sharir Daurgandhyahara Yoga (SSD)
Authors: Sharma Rachana  , Shukla Govind Sahay  , Agarwal Rajaram  , Goyal Manisha  , Tyagi Vijaypal
Published: September 2023

The importance of beauty and personality is increasing now a day as it is a competitive era. The urge of need of using perfumery and cosmetic was nurtured when person started using them. Need of beautification was correlated with attraction. The Indian tradition of perfumery and cosmetic is very old. Sweating is a normal physiological process; sweat is 99% water with some salt (NaCl), vitamin C, anti-bodies, traces of metabolic wastes and lactic acid composition. It’s a natural process to cool the body temperature. Thermal and emotional factors promote sweating. The moist environment created by Hyperhidrosis condition, creates an ideal conditions for an overgrowth of bacteria. Hyperhidrosis condition, bacteria break down certain proteins in the sweat into acids, so it is not the bacteria that stink. It is the by-product of the bacteria breaking down the protein. As we are living in the industrial era, where the problem of global warming a matter of great concern and is increasing radically, as a result of increasing temperature. People are suffering from excessive sweating and some people also posses bad odor with sweating. This situation will bring a huge psychological and social burden, because it will interferes with daily activities. Many people do not seek medical help because they do not know that their condition requires medical intervention. Due to excessive sweating it can cause various infections. Many people use antiperspirants products to control sweating and body odor. Some chemical antiperspirants are effective; however, the side effects like irritations, discoloration allergy, are also obvious.
Ayurvedic Management of Nasa Arsha w.s.r to Nasal Polyp
Authors: M.Priyanka  , Ch.Ramadevi  , K.Anasuya
Published: September 2023

Shalakya tantra has given more importance among the eight branches of Ayurveda, for dealing with the vital sense organs located above the Jatru (clavicle), also considered as Uttamanga in Ayurveda. Arshas is described as one of the Asta mahagada roga by Acharyas and also explained fourfold treatment such as Bheshaja, Shastra, Kshara and Agni karma. The Nasa arshas means Arshas located in the nasal cavity causing nasal obstruction. The predominant Dosha is Kapha and Dushya are Twak, Mamsa and Medho dhatus. Nasaarshas can be correlated with nasal polyps. Nasal polyps are non-neoplastic masses of oedematous, prolapsed, pendenculated nasal or sinus mucosa. It can be treated by medical and surgical methods. Prolonged usage of anti-histaminics, steroids, antibiotics, nasal decongestants cause drug resistance, decreases the immunity, rebound congestion and there is a lot of chance for reoccurrence, even after the surgery especially in ethmoidal polyp. In Ayurveda the treatment modalities given are Apatarpana chikitsa, Vata anulomaka, Bala and Agni vardhaka chikitsa. Here the present case study was planned to evaluate the efficacy of Yava kshara nasa pichu, Shikhari taila nasya and Shamana oushadhas. Over all there is a significant improvement in the condition. Through Ayurveda we can treat nasal polyps non invasive, cost effectively and improving the quality of life.
Phytochemical Evaluation of Bark of Chirbilva Holoptelea integrifolia Planch.
Authors: Vinod Katoch  , Prashant Kumar Jha  , Vikas Kumar
Published: September 2023

Purpose: This study serve the purpose of standardization of bark of Chirbilva Holoptelea integrifolia an Ayurvedic drugs mentioned in classics. Methods: Drug is studied both qualitatively and quantitatively. Bark was air-dried under net in sun and fine powdered. Fine powdered was taken for phytochemical analysis. Results: Phytochemical study reveals phytochemical standardization of plant material With preliminary phytochemical analysis of drugs, presence or absence of primary and secondary metabolites was exposed. Carbohydrates, protein, alkaloids and cardiac glycosides were slightly present in bark. Flavonoid was moderately present and contains important compounds such as gallic acid, quercetin catechin, rutin, hyperoside and chlorogenic acid. Conclusion: Finding of this study laid a specific background for further research on extracts of stem bark of Holoptelea integrifolia for identification, purification, isolation of compounds having anti-inflammatory, digestive, carminative, laxative, anthelmintic, depurative revulsive, hypolipidemic and urinary astringent properties.
An Ayurvedic Perspective on Glaucoma
Authors: P.Ramya Kumari  , Ch.Ramadevi  , K.Anasuya
Published: September 2023

The word Adhimantha indicates excessive churning type of pain. Adhimantha is compared with glaucoma in modern science to some extent. Clinical features of this disease vary depending upon Doshas involvement 4 types of Adhimantha was mentioned by our Acharyas. Glaucoma affects 2-3% of people over the age of 40 years 50% may be undiagnosed. primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is the most common form, the disease is insidious and usually asymptomatic until it has caused a significant loss of visual field hence it is called as “silent thief of sight”.

Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative condition that affects mainly nervous coat of eye and is associated with increased intraocular pressure when left untreated patients may gradually experience visual field loss and even lose their sight completely. It is the second leading cause of blindness around worldwide. It cannot be treated completely but it can be managed with Ayurvedic therapeutics to some extent by giving Sodhana chikista like Virechana and Raktomokshana, Kriyakalpas like Akshitarpan, Seka, Anjana, Aschyotana, Pindi, Bidalaka, Chakshsuya drugs and Mutrala drugs (diuretics) etc.
An Introduction to Ayurvedic Methods of Bloodletting
Authors: Biswajit Dash  , Ajaya Kumar Meher
Published: September 2023

Ayurveda aims to prevent and cure diseases. In Ayurvedic system of medicine, bloodletting procedure is a kind of para-surgery practiced for the treatment of specifically blood borne diseases along with other surgical diseases. Therapeutic bloodletting is indicated in abscess, cellulitis, chronic ulcers resulting from snake bite, filariasis, genital infections, gout, herpes, inflammatory conditions, Skin disorders, tumors, ulcers, etc. While mentioning the five methods of body detoxification, the Ayurvedic texts mentions bloodletting as one among them, so it is one of the important therapies in Panchakarma. Bloodletting is also known as Phlebotomy and considered to be a prime treatment modality among the surgical procedures in Ayurveda. With curative aspects it also acts in preventive and promotive aspects. The vitiated impure blood is removed out from the body by the seven procedures - Venesection (Siravyadhana), scrapping (Pracchanna karma), horn application (Sringa avacharana), gourd application (Alabu avacharana), leech application (Jalauka avacharana), application of cupping pot/glass (Ghatiyantra avacharana), and needle application (Suchivyadhana). Bloodletting is also used to lower the iron levels and prevents its accumulation in various organs. Therapeutic bleed is a holistic treatment for impure blood and it helps to bring the body back into its natural and homoeostatic state.
Vataja Artava Dusti and its Management - An Ayurvedic Review
Authors: Nekib Hussain  , Kaushalya Khakhlary
Published: September 2023

Almost every women, experience one or the other types of menstrual problem in her lifetime. The prevalence of menstrual disorders has been recorded as high as 87%, out of which dysmenorrhea has prevalence of 60% to 93%. In Ayurvedic classics, most of the menstrual disorders have been described under the heading Asta artavadusti and Asrgdara. Vatajaartavadusti is described in various texts by Acharyas. According to Ayurveda classics Vatajaartavadusti define as Artava vitiated by Vata excreted with pain and reddish or blackish in colour. The condition of Vatajaartavadusti resembles with the description of dysmenorrhea. Dysmenorrhea is the painful menstruation of sufficient magnitude so as to incapacitate day to day activities. On the basis of symptom menstruation along with pain, it appears to be nearer to dysmenorrhea. At present, different types of treatment protocol which are mainly used for treating dysmenorrhea are NSAIDs (analgesics), antispasmodics, oral contraceptive pills and surgical procedure. But they provide only temporary relief. Ayurveda describes various modalities like oral medication, Panchakarma procedures, life style modification and correction in diet. So this study is undertaken to through the light on classical reference of Vatajaartavadusti with modern correlation dysmenorrhea and its Ayurvedic management.
An In-Vivo Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Padmaka (Prunus Cerasoides) as a Vedanasthapak in Supti (Numbness) Caused by Neuropathy in Wistar Rats
Authors: Badgujar Ankita Pankaj
Published: September 2023

This research article attempts to address the main symptom of chemotherapy-induced neuropathy, which is ‘numbness’. Neuropathic pain is a common side effect of anticancer drugs that significantly reduces a patient's quality of life. This work redefines the term "Vedanasthapan" by explaining the act of regaining sensation along with its analgesic properties. This study was carried out by using an animal model of rats prepared by using an anti-cancer agent cisplatin. Before inducing cisplatin, normal latency periods of all rats were noted by ‘Hot plate’ method. Cisplatin was given to the rats to induce numbness with the interval of a week for two weeks. Four groups of rats having six rats in each group were labelled as – ‘control group’ treated with daily diet only, ‘vehicle group’ treated with carboxymethyl cellulose, ‘positive control’ treated with pregabalin, and ‘test drug group’ treated with ‘Padmaka’. After the treatment period, all groups were tested on a hot plate to record the latency time of rats. All obtained data were processed by ANOVA test and Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison test. It showed that the means of all groups differed significantly from each other. The mean time of the positive control group was 9.06 seconds and that of the experimental drug group was 12.9 seconds, which is close to the mean time in the normal state (7.36 seconds). While the control group and the vehicle group were far apart. This means that the experimental drug Padmaka is also useful in reversing cisplatin-induced numbness. Further clinical studies are needed to fully understand its range of action.