bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
I.A. Bunin and ‛Book Publishing of Writers in Moscow’. Materials and Comments
Authors: Frolov Maksim A.
Published: February 2021

The article presents an attempt to chronically highlight the episodes of collaboration between I. A. Bunin and the “Book Publishing of Writers in Moscow” (1912 –1923) based on the preserved archival materials, both those that have already been introduced into scientific circulation and those that are published for the first time, help to look at them with a possible degree of objectivity. Chronologically, its center will be 1912, as well as the first few years of the existence of “Book Publishing”. Since 1963, the topic of the article has been covered in a number of articles and publications, but not as a separate independent story, but in the context of studying the activities of “Book Publishing” as a whole. I.A. Bunin was one of the most active and authoritative employees and authors of the publishing house. For seven years, eighteen books (including reprints) were published, including milestone books that were important for the development of Bunin's literary reputation. “Memoirs” of N.S. Angarsky-Klestov are published according to the latest authorized typescript (with additions from the 1992 publication in the journal “Voprosy literatury”); letters of S.N. Sergeyev-Tsensky, V.V. Veresayev, M.V. Averyanov, V. V. Muyzhel to AngarskyKlestov, letters of the Angarsky-Klestov to Sergeyev-Tsensky and Bunin, fragments of correspondence between Bunin and Veresayev, Veresaev’s letter to S.D. Makhalov, as well as the agreement between Bunin and “Book Publishing” concerning the fifth edition of the book “Mountain Pass. Short Stories 1892 –1902” (1913) are published according to manuscripts.
Sergey Durylin on Valery Bryusov
Authors: Moteyunaite Ilona V.
Published: February 2021

The report considers the perception of V.Ya. Bryusov by S.N. Durylin. The report is based on the book “In One’s Own Corner”, a newspaper article “Silhouettes. Valery Bryusov” and Durilin`s letters to Ellis and I.N. Rozanov. In private recordings “In One’s Own Corner” Durylin, concerning the writers, usually distinguished their “author” and “human” hypostases due to the specifics of his aesthetic program. The author shows that Bryusov’s poems first enchanted Durylin with the sharpness of their revolutionary spirit, and then attracted him with their passion and openness to the “abyss” characteristic of Symbolism as a whole. Durylin highly valued Bryusov’s Symbolist activity. However, his personality evoked conflicting feelings and did not yield to unambiguous characteristics. The most accurate expression of Bryusov’s complex personality for Durilin was his portrait by Vrubel. Mystical stories about the artists who worked on the portraits of Bryusov were recorded by Durylin and substantiate his unspoken direct attitude towards him: the connection of the demonic principle with a literary biography. The report also shows the stability of Bryusov's literary reputation, which significantly influenced Durylin in his early youth.
PORTUGUÊS PARA FINS ESPECÍFICOS NO SÉCULO XXI: ESTATUTO E CONTRIBUTOS PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO DO ENSINO DE PORTUGUÊS LÍNGUA ESTRANGEIRA
Authors: Duarte Martins Susana Maria
Published: February 2021

Instigada pelos fluxos migratórios e pela mobilidade estudantil no ensino superior, a diversidade linguística é atualmente uma realidade nas instituições de ensino portuguesas. Neste contexto, o Português para Fins Específicos e Académicos assume-se mais do que nunca como uma necessidade por parte de estudantes universitários e profissionais estrangeiros. De facto, a importância das línguas para fins específicos no âmbito do ensino de língua estrangeira é já reconhecida desde os anos 1960 com o advento do movimento do Inglês para Fins Específicos, tendo como base a análise das necessidades do público aprendente. Neste sentido, os documentos orientadores de ensino-aprendizagem de língua estrangeira europeus e nacionais não poderiam deixar de contemplar o Português para Fins Específicos. A questão que se coloca é se a língua para fins específicos tem o reconhecimento devido na atualidade, pretendendo-se analisar o seu estatuto nos guias orientadores e respetivas repercussões para o ensino de Português Língua Estrangeira. Na verdade, verifica-se que o crescimento do interesse pelo Português para Fins Específicos contrasta com um investimento insuficiente no desenvolvimento desta área, quer em Portugal, quer no Brasil. Outro intuito desta investigação é revelar os contributos da linguística para o ensino de Português para Fins Específicos e para a criação de materiais e recursos linguísticos que apoiem a sua aprendizagem e disseminação.
EVIDENCE OF NON-SELECTIVE LEXICAL ACCESS IN CHILDREN FROM A PORTUGUESE-ENGLISH BILINGUAL SCHOOL
Authors: Arêas da Luz Fontes Ana Beatriz , De Souza Brentano Luciana , Freitas Pereira Toassi Pâmela , Sittig Catherine , Finger Ingrid
Published: February 2021

The issue of language selectivity regarding lexical access of bilingual adults has been thoroughly reported in the literature. However, studies with bilingual children are still limited, especially in the Brazilian context. To fill this gap, the present study was conducted with the goal of investigating whether the same cognate facilitation effect reported for bilingual adults is also true for bilingual children. To do so, two experiments were carried out. In Experiment 1, 53 Portuguese-English bilingual children from 3rd and 7th grade took part in a lexical decision task which had a Portuguese and an English version. In Experiment 2, 18 English monolinguals performed the English version of the lexical decision task. The results of Experiment 1 showed that the cognate effect was evident for the two groups of bilinguals when the task was performed in the L2- English, even though no statistical difference between the two groups of bilinguals was found. When performing the task in the L1 – Portuguese, the bilingual groups showed no cognate effect, which suggests that these participants had not reached a level of proficiency in which the L2 can influence L1 processing. The results of Experiment 2 showed no cognate facilitation effect for monolinguals, indicating that the results of the bilingual participants, in the English version of the lexical decision task, were indeed due to the cognate status of the words of the bilingual's two languages. In short, the present results favor the nonselective view of lexical access and the effect of proficiency in the perception of cross language similarity.
THE EFFECTS OF IMPLICIT AND EXPLICIT CLASSROOM FEEDBACK ON BILINGUAL SPEECH PRODUCTION
Authors: Weissheimer Janaina , Oliveira Caldas Vaneska
Published: February 2021

Recent research on the role of classroom feedback has pointed out that learning is easier and quicker when students receive detailed feedback that tells them precisely what they have done wrong and what they should have done instead. Our study aimed to investigate how two different types of classroom feedback influence the development of bilingual oral production. Fifty-four English L2 learners were divided into an experimental group and a control group. Both groups were exposed to a two-month-hybrid experience for the development of oral production. The control group received implicit feedback based on the general content of their oral production. The experimental group received explicit feedback based on grammar, pointing out corrections in relation to the form of their oral production. Through a pre- and post-test, we verified whether the different types of feedback impacted the participants' oral production, in terms of grammatical accuracy, weighted lexical density and fluency. Results show that explicit feedback was more effective in improving learner´s L2 grammatical accuracy after the two months of intervention. However, there were no significant differences between the two types of feedback in relation to developing lexical density or fluency over time.
Circulating Jet for Enhancing the Mass Transfer in a Gas-liquid Stirred Tank Reactor
Authors: Wang Lei , Xu Xiao , Wang Hualin , Liu HongLai , Yang Qiang
Published: February 2021

A gas-liquid stirred tank reactor (STR) has some problems, such as low
mass transfer efficiency, high exhaust gas oxygen concentration, and low
product conversion rate, due to limitations of stirring speed and input
power. This article proposes a method to enhance the gas-liquid mass
transfer in a STR using circulating jet internals. When a circulating
jet is added, the average bubble size in the reactor is reduced to 1.26
mm, and the overall gas holdup is increased to 8.23%, which is an
increase of 3.62 times of the original STR. The gas-liquid volumetric
mass transfer coefficient is increased to 0.05556 s-1, which is 4.84
times of the original STR. The unit volume power is increased by only
1.4 times. These data provide references for the design and scale-up of
new jet STRs.
Globally Optimal Synthesis of Heat Exchanger Networks.Part III:Non-isothermal Mixing in Minimal and Non-Minimal Networks
Authors: Chang Chenglin , Liao Zuwei , Costa André , Bagajewicz Miguel
Published: February 2021

In this work, the enumeration algorithms presented in parts I and II for
the globally optimal synthesis of heat exchanger networks are extended
to consider non-isothermal mixing. The previous models are modified by
adding non-isothermal mixing constraints and new models are constructed
to target the bounds of the energy consumption and the binding exchanger
minimum approximation temperature. These new models are solved using
algorithms that involve solving the solution of systems of equations
instead of mathematical programming. We also present two alternatives
for optimizing each enumerated structure, namely, the use of a global
solver, or the use of a golden search with simple resolution of
non-isothermal mixing model for fixed energy consumption. The
non-isothermal mixing model is reformulated as a convex model, either
solved using nonlinear programming or a programming-free methodology,
i.e. solving Karush-Kuhn-Tucker equations. A global optimum search
algorithm is developed and examples are tested comparing the proposed
strategies.
Monitoring growth of Cellulomonas uda in solid state fermentations with Brewers’ spent grain and optimization of the bioprocess
Authors: Akermann Alexander , Weiermueller Jens , Chodorski Jonas , Nestriepke Malte , Baclig Maria , Ulber Roland
Published: February 2021

Brewers’ spent grain (BSG) is a low-value by-product of the brewing
process, which is produced in large quantities every year. In this
study, the lignocellulosic feedstock was used to run solid state
fermentations with Cellulomonas uda. For aerobic processes,
maximum cellulase activities of 0.98 nkat∙ml,
maximum xylanase activities of 5.00 nkat∙ml and cell
yields of 0.22
g∙g were
achieved. Under anaerobic conditions, enzyme activities and cell yields
were lower, but valuable liquid products (organic acids, ethanol) were
produced with a yield of 0.41
g∙g. The
growth phase of the organisms was monitored by measuring extracellular
concentrations of two fluorophores pyridoxin (aerobic) and tryptophan
(anaerobic) and by cell count. By applying reductive conditions to the
anaerobic approach, the ratio of ethanol to acetate was increased from
1.08 to 1.59
mol∙mol. This
ratio was further improved to 9.2
mol∙mol by
lowering the pH from 7.4 to 5.0 without decreasing the final ethanol
concentration. A scale up fermentation with 15w% BSG instead of 5w%
BSG quadrupled the acetate concentration, whilst ethanol was removed by
gas stripping. This study provides various ideas for optimizing and
monitoring solid state fermentations, which can support feasibility and
incorporation into holistic biorefining approaches in the future.
Subcutaneous injection of organophosphate: a case report of unusual poisoning
Authors: Zoofaghari shafeajafar , Dehkordi Afshar Fazeli , Nemati Kourosh , Hashemzadeh Mozhdeh , Otroshi Arman
Published: February 2021

Organophosphate poisoning by self-injection is rare. Current case report
describes a man with subcutaneous self-injected OP. poisoning presenting
with delayed. He was treated with pralidoxime. Through the observation,
dose and the time between poisoning until time to start treatment we can
conclude different presentations and outcomes of OP poisoning.
Design and Realization of Residential Property Management Information System Based on Browser/Server Mode
Authors: Ma Mingze
Published: February 2021

In response to the needs of Chinese community residents for property
management, this article designed and developed a residential property
management information system based on the B/S model. The system
development adopts the browser/server (B/S) architecture, Java as the
development language, the framework adopts Spring MVC mode, the MySQL
database is used, the source code and database interaction process uses
the Mybatis framework, and the front-end display uses the VUE.js
framework to realize the residential property. Manage the data reporting
and statistics of each link.Functional modules include:owner
information, real estate information, engineering equipment, personnel
management, lease management.The system has passed the functional
test,，It has been in trial operation for one year in multiple
residential communities. The results show:the system has the
characteristics of simple operation, stable operation, strong
scalability, etc., which can assist property managers in scientific,
convenient and efficient community property management, improve the
informatization and modernization of community property management,
enhance the experience of community owners, and improve the satisfaction
of community owners degree.
Barriers to gene flow along the Brazilian coast: a synthesis and data analysis
Authors: Martins Nuno , Macagnan Leonardo , Cassano Valéria , GURGEL CARLOS
Published: February 2021

Barriers to gene flow (BGF) play a pivotal role in the dynamics of
population genetics promoting genetic differentiation, thus, are
inexorably associated with the development and maintenance of
phylogeographic structure. Phylogeographic structure resulting from BGF
represents data that help the management of natural genetic resources,
aiding in the recognition of areas of conservation interest. Several
geographic and oceanographic processes found along the Brazilian coast
have been proposed as BGF. However, no consensus exist identifying which
of them represents the most important in shaping biodiversity.
Therefore, this study provides a synthesis of the scientific literature
on Brazilian marine phylogeography and used published data to build
datasets that allowed us apply linear (lm) and generalized additive
models (gam) to identify spatially congruent phylogeographic breaks
among marine species (as areas of high BGF frequency occurrence). Lm
identified a significant negative correlation between the occurrence of
BGF and latitude, suggesting that population in the tropics are
genetically more structured than in higher latitudes. This result bears
strong association with the latitude species diversity gradient observed
worldwide. Gam identified Cape São Roque (05° 28’ S) as the main BGF for
populations with continuous distribution along the Brazilian coast. Cape
São Roque is located near the center point region where the South
Equatorial Current splits into the northward North Brazil Current and
the southward Brazil Current. This study represents the first literature
synthesis of Brazil’s marine phylogeography and provides a novel
explicit quantitative approach to comparative phylogeography.
The Impact of Shareholder Litigation Risk on Equity Incentives: Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment
Authors: Yang Jingyu , Yu Yangxin , Zheng Liu
Published: February 2021

While prior studies generally support that equity-based compensation induces CEOs to manipulate financial reporting, there is limited direct empirical evidence on whether financial misreporting concerns affect compensation design. A key challenge for establishing a causal relationship is that misreporting incentives and compensation policies are often endogenously determined. Exploiting the exogenous reduction in litigation threat following a 1999 ruling of the U.S. Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, we examine how heightened misreporting concerns in a less litigious environment affect CEOs' compensation design. Consistent with the theoretical prediction that misreporting concerns prevent companies from providing more powerful incentive pay that is otherwise optimal, we find that firms headquartered in Ninth Circuit states decreased CEOs' equity portfolio vega relative to the control firms after the ruling. We further document that this reduction was concentrated among firms facing greater misreporting concerns post-ruling.

JEL Classifications: J33; K22; M52.
Association of Objectively Measured Timing of Physical Activity Bouts With Cardiovascular Health in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Qian Jingyi , Walkup Michael P. , Chen Shyh-Huei , Brubaker Peter H. , Bond Dale S. , Richey Phyllis A. , Jakicic John M. , Hu Kun , Scheer Frank A.J.L. , Middelbeek Roeland J.W. , Group the Look AHEAD Research
Published: February 2021

Objective: Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) improves cardiovascular health.
Few studies have examined MVPA timing. We examined the associations of timing
of bout-related MVPA with cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiovascular risk in
adults with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Baseline
7-day hip-worn accelerometry data from Look AHEAD participants (n=2,153, 57% women) were analyzed to identify
bout-related MVPA (≥3 metabolic
equivalent tasks (MET)/min
for ≥10mins). Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed by maximal graded exercise
test. Participants were categorized into six groups based on the time of day
with the majority of bout-related MVPA (MET×min): ≥50% of bout-related MVPA
during the same time window (Morning, Midday, Afternoon, or Evening), <50%
bout-related MVPA in any time category (Mixed; the reference group), and ≤1 day
with bout-related MVPA per week (Inactive).

Results:
Cardiorespiratory fitness was highly associated with timing of bout-related MVPA (P=0.0005), independent of weekly bout-related MVPA volume
and intensity. Importantly, this association varied by sex (P=0.02). In men,
the midday group had the lowest fitness (β -0.46 [95%CI -0.87, -0.06]), while the mixed
group in women was the least fit. Framingham risk score (FRS) was associated
with timing of bout-related MVPA (P=0.02), which also differed by sex (P=0.0007).
The male morning group had highest 4-year FRS (2.18% [0.70%, 3.65%]), but no association
was observed in women.

Conclusions:
Timing of bout-related
MVPA is associated with cardiorespiratory
fitness and cardiovascular risk in men with type 2 diabetes, independent of
bout-related MVPA volume and intensity. Prospective studies are needed to
determine the impacts of MVPA timing on cardiovascular health.
S. A. RACHINSKY'S EXPERIENCE IN EDUCATING PEASANTS' CHILDREN IN THE CONTEXT OF DESTROYING CULTURALLY MEANINGFUL SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT IN THE LATE 19TH TO EARLY 20TH CENTURY
Authors: SENCHENKOV NIKOLAI P. , TERESHCHENKOVA VICTORIA V.
Published: February 2021

The article discusses certain measures for preventing juvenile delinquency in the Russian Empire in the late 19th - early 20th century. It was conditioned by the fact that the given social contradiction brought negative consequences for the country and demanded ultimate concentration of the government on finding the solution to the problem. There were scientists at that historical period who suggested effective ways out of this contradictory situation. S. A. Rachinsky, a science communicator, was one of such people. His efforts produced positive results and contributed to the prevention of crime among underagers. The experience of the Tatev school was used by other educational institutions. Thus, Storozhishchensky correctional and shelter facility founded in 1894 in Smolensk province for underage criminals followed the education system proposed by S. A. Rachinsky, which contributed to effective socialization and correction of pupils.
Curcuma Longa (Turmeric): A Condiment of Great Therapeutic Value Tested with the Ayurveda up to the Modern Medicine
Authors: NC Shah
Published: February 2021

Turmeric is associated and is a part of Indian's culture: it is an important ingredient in curry dishes; it is also used in many religious observances, as a cosmetic, a dye, and it enters in the composition of many traditional remedies. This paper deals with its botany, its earliest reference in 'Atharva Veda', its uses in folk medicine, folk cosmetics, as a folk condiment, folk dye, its folk-chemistry, used in folk culture, and etymology and philology of 36 Sanskrit names, its important chemical constituents and its pharmacodynamics, its biopiracy and finally, the conclusion and discussions with a suggestion that when drug or its therapeutic compounds have been pharmacologically and therapeutically tested then why it is not being used in the modern medicine as a post-operative drug.
Computational Statistics on Stress Patients with Happiness and Radiation Indices by Vedic Homa Therapy: South Asian Heritage with Scientific Aspects in Global Pandemic
Authors: Rastogi Rohit
Published: February 2021

The Happiness Programs and seeking its various means are popular across globe. Many cultures and races are using it in different ways through Carnivals, festivals and occasions. In India, the Yajna, Mantra, Pranayama and Yoga like alternate therapies are now drawing attention of researchers, socio behavioral scientists and philosophers by its scientific divinity. The present manuscript is an honest effort to identify the logical progress on happiness indices and reduction in radiation of electronic gadgets. The visualizations propound evidences that the Ancient Vedic Rituals and Activities were much effective in maintaining the mental balance. The data set was collected after a specified protocol followed and analyzed through various scientific data analysis tools available.
Physicochemical, Thermal and Spectroscopic Characterization of the Energy of Consciousness Healing Treated Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) Root Extract
Authors: Jana Snehasis
Published: February 2021

Ashwagandha root extract is widely used in nutraceutical preparations due to its broad range of pharmacological activities. The objective of this study was to analyse the impact of Biofield Energy Treatment (The Trivedi Effect®) on the physicochemical, thermal and spectral properties of ashwagandha root extract by using various analytical techniques. The sample of ashwagandha root extract was divided into two parts in which one part was kept untreated and called as control sample; while the other part was provided with the Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment remotely by the Biofield Energy Healer, Mr. Mahendra Kumar Trivedi and termed as Biofield Energy Treated sample. The study reported that the particle size values at d10, d50, d90, and D (4,3) in the Biofield Energy Treated sample was significantly decreased by 9.23%, 9.04%, 11.86%, and 10.59%, respectively compared with the control sample. Thus, the surface area of the treated sample was significantly increased by 10.75% compared to the control sample. The PXRD analysis showed that the control as well as the Biofield Energy Treated samples was amorphous in nature. The DSC analysis showed that the onset evaporation temperature and latent heat of vaporization were significantly altered by 2.18% and-10.29%, respectively in the Biofield Energy Treated sample compared with the control sample. The TGA analysis indicated the four step thermal degradation of both the samples. The 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th steps of thermal degradation of the treated sample showed an alteration in the weight loss by -6.59%, 1.97%, -1.80%, and -8.65%, respectively along with 0.81% reduction in the total weight loss, compared with the control sample. Besides, the maximum thermal degradation temperature (Tmax) in the control sample was observed at 234.17°C and 365.12°C for the two broad peaks, which was decreased by 1.73% and 0.82%, respectively compared to the control sample. The overall analysis suggests that the Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment might enhance the solubility, absorption, and bioavailability profile of ashwagandha root extract along with altered thermal stability. Such altered properties might help in designing better pharmaceutical and nutraceutical preparations; thereby provide better therapeutic response against various diseases such as amnesia, arthritis, anxiety, cancer, impotence, neurodegenerative, and cardiovascular diseases.
Implementasi Kartu Uno dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Motivasi Dan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik
Authors:   Universitas Siliwangi, Indonesia, Nova Fitria , Suprapto Purwanti ,   Universitas Siliwangi, Indonesia, Hernawati Diana ,   Universitas Siliwangi, Indonesia
Published: February 2021

This study aims to find out the implementation of uno card games on motivation and learning outcomes in motion system materials in class XI MAN Tasikmalaya Regency. This research was conducted from November to January 2020 in MAN Tasikmalaya Regency. Sample research as many as 2 classes, with sampling using cluster random sampling techniques. The instruments used in this study were test results of learning on motion system materials as many as 32 items of questions and motivational questionnaires learned as many as 22 items of statement. Data analysis techniques using U Mann Whitney. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that there is a positive influence of uno card games on the motivation and learning outcomes of learners on motion system materials in class XI MAN Tasikmalaya Regency.
Gambaran Psikologis Remaja Selama Sekolah Dari Rumah Akibat Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Estikasari Paramita , Pudjiati Sri Redatin Retno
Published: February 2021

Penyebaran COVID-19 di Indonesia berdampak pada penutupan sementara sekolah-sekolah di berbagai jenjang pendidikan termasuk Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP).  Sekolah dari rumah secara daring menjadi alternatif pilihan agar kegiatan belajar mengajar tetap berjalan dengan risiko penyebaran COVID-19 yang minim pada remaja. Akan tetapi, beberapa penelitian menemukan bahwa kegiatan sekolah dari rumah membawa dampak negatif bagi remaja, khususnya remaja awal mengingat kebutuhan remaja untuk terlibat dalam aktivitas sosial sangat tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi psikologis remaja SMP selama melaksanakan kegiatan sekolah dari rumah secara daring akibat pandemi COVID-19. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan metode survei online menggunakan media internet (internet surveys). Metode sampling yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel 143 partisipan (Mage=14; 57% perempuan). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sekolah dari rumah membuat remaja SMP mengalami perasaan negatif seperti bosan (45,26%), sedih (20,53%), lelah (9,47%), takut (1,58%), khawatir (1,58%), dan kecewa (2,63%). Disisi lain, beberapa remaja menunjukkan perasaan positif seperti senang (16,32%) dan nyaman (0,53%). Perasaan negatif yang muncul terutama disebabkan oleh terbatasnya interaksi dengan teman dan banyaknya tuntutan tugas yang diberikan dari sekolah
STRICT LIABILITY FOR DAMAGES CAUSED HIGHLY AUTOMATED AND FULLY AUTOMATED VEHICLES AS SOURCES OF DANGER ​
Authors: FEDOROV D.V.
Published: February 2021

This article is devoted to the liability for damages caused by highly automated and fully automated vehicles as sources of danger. The author considers owner and manufacturer of these vehicles as possible responsible persons by the rule of strict liability. It is concluded that neither option has clear advantages.
Design and evaluating efficiency of gas exhaust system silencer of outboard motor SEA PRO 2.5
Authors: Pokusaev Mikhail Nikolaevich , Khmelnitsky Konstantin Evgenievich , Kadin Alexei Alekseevich , Sergeev Alexei Viktorovich
Published: February 2021

The article presents the results of developing and evaluating the effectiveness of the silencer of outboard motor SEA PRO 2.5 made in China. The experiments were carried out in a large experimental pool of Astrakhan State Technical University, with the use of a noise meter-spectrum analyzer Ecophysics-110 of the first class, with the software Signal+3G Light. In the theoretical analysis of the development, it has been suggested that the efficiency of silencers of exhaust systems of outboard motors could have a smaller effect than with cars, since at underwater exhaust the noise reduction will occur from the water layer when the motor is submerged. It has been proved that using a silencer in underwater exhaust systems of outboard motors can increase the aerodynamic drag for gases and reduce power. To test the theoretical assumptions, there was made a silencer for the gas exhaust system of the outboard motor SEA PRO 2.5 from stainless steel perforated sponge. It was determined that the net effect of the silencer (excluding water silencing) could be heard at low frequencies (up to 125 Hz) and makes up to 12.7 dba at full speed of the motor. The average equivalent sound level is reduced up to 4.5 dba at low speed, and at full speed of the outboard motor is practically not evident. In addition, the outboard motor noise level was reduced by water and made at full speed up to 22 dba for frequencies over 2000 Hz; for average equivalent noise level it made 15 dba. The combination of noise reduction by water and by a silencer helps to reduce noise at low and high sound frequencies, which is a positive effect of the developed device.
KEAMANAN DOKUMEN MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA ADVANCED ENCRYPTION STANDARD (AES)
Authors: Handoyo Joko , Subakti Yulieo Muchti
Published: February 2021

Masalah keamanan merupakan salah satu aspek penting dari sebuah sistem informasi, akan tetapi masalah keamanan seringkali mendapatkan perhatian dari pemilik dan pengelola sistem informasi. Salah satu kasus yang terjadi adalah kebocoran data pemilih di Indonesia sebanyak 2,3 juta. Data berukuran 2,36 GB yang berisi data dalam format file PDF. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan mengamankan data dengan menggunakan konsep kriptografi. Dalam bidang kriptografi terdapat dua konsep yang sangat penting yaitu enkripsi dan deskripsi. Keamanan data diperlukan untuk mencegah informasi yang disimpan dibaca atau dibuka oleh pihak yang tidak berkepentingan. Untuk menghindari penyadapan atau pembajakan file yang berisi informasi penting bagi pengguna dan untuk menjaga integritas tersebut, maka diperlukan algoritma yang dapat melindungi file adalah Algoritma Advanced Standard Encryption (AES). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengamankan dokumen dengan menggunakan algoritma AES. File yang melalui uji enkripsi akan berubah menjadi file yang tidak dapat dibaca, file tersebut dapat kembali ke bentuk aslinya jika melalui proses dekripsi menggunakan kunci yang sama pada saat enkripsi. Dari hasil penelitian telah dibuktikan bahwa isi dari file awal yang mengalami proses enkripsi, kemudian melalui proses dekripsi, akan kembali ke file aslinya..
The effect of natural Zeolite (Ag-Zeolite) modified with silver against the inhibition of Candida albicans
Authors: SEPTOMMY Catur , SA’ADAH Nikmatus , MU’AROFAH Binti
Published: February 2021

Candida albicans is a commensal microorganism or normal flora in the mouth, and about 20-75% is found in the general population without causing symptoms (Candida carriers). C. albicans is a primer agent that cause oral candidiasis. Silver modified natural Zeolite has potential antifungals. This research aimed to know the effect of silver modified natural Zeolite (Ag-Zeolite) on the C. albicans growth. Antifungals were treated through a good diffusion test. Antifungals agents were divided into four groups. They were 30 mg with 0.025 M (AgNO3), 0.05 M (AgNO3), 0.1 M (AgNO3) modified natural zeolite, and unmodified natural zeolite. Each group has treated into four times well diffusion tests. This research showed that 0.1 M (AgNO3) modified natural Zeolite has the highest inhibition. ANOVA test showed the average diameter of inhibition was significant in 0,004 (p0,05). Each group has different average diameter inhibition. In conclusion, the active natural Zeolite with silver modification can inhibit the growth of C. albicans better than natural Zeolite without silver modification
PENGARUH DUE PROFESSIONAL CARE, PENGALAMAN AUDIT, PENDIDIKAN DAN PELATIHAN BERKELANJUTAN TERHADAP KUALITAS AUDIT INTERNAL DENGAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI SEBAGAI PEMODERASI PADA KANTOR INSPEKTORAT PEMERINTAH KOTA LHOKSEUMAWE
Authors: Bachtiar Hafiz
Published: February 2021

The objective of this study is aimed to examine empirically the influence of due professional care,audit experience, education and ongoing training on the audit quality with organizationalcommitment as the moderating variables. All auditors at the Government Internal SupervisoryApparatus (APIP) in the city of Lhokseumawe, Aceh were selected as the respondenst. The primarydata used in this study gathered by distributing questionnaires to the respondents, and analyzedusing the Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The study documented that the due professionalcare, audit experience, education ongoing training, and organizational commitment affectedsignificantly and simultaneously the quality of audits at the Inspectorate of Government InternalSupervisory Apparatus at the city of Lhokseumawe. Organizational commitment moderated therespective influence of due professional care,audit experience, education and ongoing training onthe quality audit.Keywords: Quality Audit, Due Professional Care, Audit Experience, Education and OngoingTraining, Organizational Commitment.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh variabel independen due professional care,pengalaman audit, pendidikan dan pelatihan berkelanjutan terhadap variabel dependen kualitasaudit dengan komitmen organisasi sebagai variabel moderasi baik secara bersama-sama maupunparsial. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh auditor Aparat Pengawasan InternalPemerintah (APIP) berjumlah 47 (empat puluh tujuh) orang, semua anggota populasi akandijadikan sampel dalam penelitian ini karena menggunakan metode sensus atau penelitianpopulasi. Penelitian ini melalui pengujian hipotesis secara kuantitatif, data yang digunakanmerupakan data primer yang bersumber dari jawaban responden atas kuesioner yang dikirim.Pengolahan data pada penelitian ini dengan menggunakan analisis interaksi atau ModerateRegression Analysis (MRA). Hasil penelitian secara bersama-sama menunjukkan bahwa dueprofessional care, pengalaman audit, pendidikan dan pelatihan berkelanjutan serta komitmenorganisasi berpengaruh terhadap kualitas audit pada Aparat Pengawasan Internal PemerintahInspektorat Kota Lhokseumawe. Hasil penelitian secara parsial menunjukkan bahwa masingmasingvariabel due professional care, pengalaman audit, pendidikan dan pelatihan berkelanjutanserta komitmen organisasi berpengaruh terhadap kualitas audit, juga komitmen organisasimemoderasi masing-masing pengaruh due professional care, pengalaman audit, pendidikan danpelatihan berkelanjutan terhadap kualitas audit.Kata Kunci: Kualitas Audit, Due Professional Care, Pengalaman Audit, Pendidikan danPelatihan Berkelanjutan, Komitmen Organisasi
ANALISIS PENGELOLAAN DAN PEMANFAATAN DANA OTONOMI KHUSUS DI KABUPATEN BENER MERIAH
Authors: Taurina Milia , Basri Hasan , Fahlevi Heru
Published: February 2021

This study aims to analyze the mechanism of management and utilization of special autonomy funds in Bener Meriah Regency after the enactment of Qanun Aceh Number 2 of 2013 and to know how the pattern and proportion of allocation of special autonomy funds to priority programs/activities in achieving special autonomy goals. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. Data collection techniques were observation, documentation and semi-structured interviews of the regency apparatus work unit (SKPK) of Otsus fund managers, which then analyzed using interactive data analysis method, furthermore to convince the validity of the data used triangulation technique. The results showed that the transfer mechanisms showed significant changes, higher levels of activity completion, allowing more diverse and strategic programs / activities to suit local needs. But it can also lead to the selection of activities that are not controlled / strategic if not well planned. The effectiveness of the management of a good Otsus fund needs to be accompanied by clear and binding regulations or rules as a need to realize accountability in the management of special autonomy funds.Keywords: Management and utilization analysis, special autonomy fund, allocation pattern.Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis mekanisme pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan dana otonomi khusus di Kabupaten Bener Meriah pasca pemberlakuan Qanun Aceh Nomor 2 Tahun 2013 dan mengetahui bagaimana pola dan proporsi pengalokasian dana otonomi khusus pada program/kegiatan prioritas dalam mencapai tujuan otonomi khusus (otsus). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, dokumentasi dan wawancara semi terstruktur terhadap satuan kerja perangkat kabupaten (SKPK) pengelola dana otsus,  yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan metode  analisis data interaktif. Selanjutnya untuk meyakinkan validitas data digunakan teknik trianggulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mekanisme transfer menunjukkan perubahan yang signifikan, tingkat penyelesaian kegiatan yang lebih tinggi, memungkinkan adanya program/kegiatan yang lebih beragam dan strategis sesuai kebutuhan daerah. Tetapi  juga dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya pemilihan kegiatan yang tidak terkendali/strategis jika tidak direncanakan dengan baik. Efektivitas pengelolaan dana Otsus yang baik perlu disertai dengan regulasi atau aturan-aturan yang jelas serta mengikat sebagai suatu kebutuhan guna mewujudkan akuntabilitas dalam pengelolaan dana otonomi khusus.
ANALYSIS OF DETERMINANTS OF UNEMPLOYMENT RATE IN INDONESIA
Authors: Muin Muhamad Fathul
Published: February 2021

Solving the unemployment issue is one of the best ways to reduce poverty. Through the provision of job opportunities, the poverty rate can be reduced. Therefore, this research explores the factors that influence the unemployment rate across 34 provinces over the 2015-2018 period using the panel regression technique. The variable used consisting of economic growth, the percentage of people with IT competence, and the average school duration. This study indicates that the unemployment rate can be reduced by increasing the average school duration. Meanwhile, the level of economic growth and the proportion of people with IT competence have an insignificant influence on Indonesia's unemployment rate. Based on these findings, the government needs to ensure that every resident in its territory can receive an adequate education.
Fenomena Pungli dan Patologi Birokrasi
Authors: Hasyem Muhammad , Ferizaldi Ferizaldi
Published: February 2021

Extortion is an illegal levy or request for payment of an amount of money that is not appropriate or is not based on the prevailing laws. The root of and the widespread phenomenon of extortion in Indonesia is a form of legacy of the past, from the era of feudalism to the present modern era. The various forms, types, patterns, and colors of the extortion phenomenon have been entrenched as if they are normal, legal, lawful, permissible, and customary. The impact is that free extortion is carried out in society because the community views it as something normal, what it is, it has always been so, and even someone becomes alienated if they do not give tips/rewards for receiving a service. Sometimes someone also feels ashamed for not giving tips as a result of offering something or offering bribes or rewards so that it is facilitated, prioritized, privileged and other things to be served quickly. History records that the long phenomenon of corruption is increasingly rampant and increasingly difficult to detect in various cases in different time and space.AbstrakPungli atau pungutan liar adalah permintaan pembayaran sejumlah uang yang tidak sesuai atau tidak berdasarkan perundang-undangan yang berlaku/sah. Berakarnya dan merebaknya fenomena pungli di Indonesia adalah salah satu bentuk warisan atau peninggalan masa silam, dari masa feodalisme hingga masa modern sekarang ini. Berbagai bentuk, ragam, corak, dan warna fenomena pungli telah membudaya dimana seakan-akan hal tersebut adalah hal biasa, sah, resmi, halal, legal, diperbolehkan, dan dibiasakan. Dampaknya pungli bebas dilakukan dalam masyarakat dikarenakan masyarakat memandang sebagai sesuatu yang wajar, apa adanya, memang demikian dari dahulu, bahkan seseorang menjadi terasing bila tidak memberikan tip/imbalan setiap menerima suatu pelayanan. Terkadang seseorang juga timbul rasa malu karena tidak memberikan uang tip (uang pelicin, uang rokok, atau uang minum) akibat menyodorkan sesuatu atau menawarkan sogokan atau imbalan agar dipermudah, didahulukan, diistimewakan dan hal-hal lain agar dilayani dengan cepat. Sejarah mencatat bahwa fenomena panjang korupsi semakin merajalela dan semakin sulit terdeteksi di berbagai kasus dalam ruang dan waktu yang berbeda pula.
The Effect of Palm Kernel Shell Ash on the Mechanical and Wear Properties of White Cast Iron
Authors: Fesomade Kayode I. , Alewi Damilola D. , Seidu Saliu O. , Saka Sheriff O. , Osuide Bonaventure I. , Ebidame Godwin C. , Ugoh Marybeth C. , Animasaun Damilola O.
Published: February 2021

This study investigates the influence of palm kernel shell ash (PKSA) on mechanical and wear properties of white cast iron (WCI) particularly its influence on its microstructure, elemental composition, hardness and wear resistance. The PKSA was characterized to determine its elemental composition, and it was found to contain high amount of silicon (Si) and iron (Fe) followed by calcium (Ca) and other trace elements. The cast iron was cast into rods of specific dimension with sand casting method using rotary furnace to re-melt cast iron scrap. The WCI rods were then cut into bits for the various test. Heat treatment operation was carried out to determine its properties. Upon completion of the examinations, it was found that the PKSA increased the cementite phase within the matrix of the cast iron, and reduced the pearlitic phase and graphite formation, which gave it increased hardness, and perfect wear resistance due to the increment in carbon content and reduction in silicon content. Also, upon heat treatment, it was found that the PKSA reduced the pearlitic phase within the matrix of the cast iron, increases the formation of transformed ledeburites, austenitic dendrites and tempered graphite, which lead to increased machinability and ductility as well as to reduced hardness, and wear resistance when compared to non-heat treated samples.
Rola przedsiębiorczości w aktywizacji ośrodków ponadlokalnych (na przykładzie Jarosławia)
Authors: Fedan Roman
Published: February 2021

Przedsiębiorczość w najszerszym ujęciu obejmuje trzy podstawowe elementy tj. poję-cie przedsiębiorcy, działania przedsiębiorcze oraz przedsiębiorstwo jako organizację przedsiębiorczą. Pod pojęciem przedsiębiorcy kryją się ludzie rozpoczynający działalność gospodarczą nastawioną na zysk, a więc prowadzący interesy na własny rachunek i całkowicie odpowiedzialni za efekty swojej działalności. Osoby te wykorzystują zaistniałe warunki tj. szanse i okazje pojawiające się w ich otoczeniu. Starają się oni wprowadzić jak najwięcej zmian, podejmując działania innowacyjne i przetwarzają otaczającą ich rzeczywistość, niezależnie od posiadanych zasobów i środków. Według P. Druckera (1992) przedsiębiorca to człowiek, który nabywa środki produkcji i wykorzystuje je do wytwarzania wprowadzonych na rynek produktów. Uważa on przedsiębiorcę za człowieka poszukującego zmian i odpowiedzialnego za nie, a także wykorzystującego je jako swoją szansę...
Funkcjonowanie systemu oświaty w okresie cywilizacji informacyjnej
Authors: Błażejewski Wojciech
Published: February 2021

W opiniach licznych specjalistów spotkać można ocenę, iż Polska na przełomie XXi XXI wieku znalazła się w sytuacji, w jakiej zachodnie społeczeństwa były 100 lat wcze-śniej. Jesteśmy zatem świadkami zmian społecznych wynikających z odchodzenia od modelu społeczeństwa przemysłowego i zbliżania się ku zupełnie nowej cywilizacji naukowoinformacyjnej...
MyĶlenie relacyjne, inkluzyjne w dobie kryzysu klimatycznego
Authors:   Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach, Skubała Piotr
Published: February 2021

Climate change caused by excessive emissions of greenhouse gases is becoming, along with excessive exploitation of the environment, agriculture and urbani-zation, one of the main threats to life on Earth and our civilization. Although we have known about the relationship between carbon dioxide emissions and the rise of the average temperature on Earth since end of the 20th century, it was only after nearly 100 years that we took international action to reduce this phenomenon. We are looking at the closing window and the question arises whether we will be able to react and stave oȮ the climate crisis. We know what immediate actions are needed, but we do not take them. It seems that a neces-sary condition for doing the work of repairing the world is a complete change in the way we view the natural world. It must be based on relational thinking, emphasize mutual relationships, the interdependence of man and nature, hu-man beings and non-human beings.
„Nie ma ekologii bez antropologii”. O zobojętnieniu ekologiczno-społecznym, w oparciu o koncepcję „ekologii integralnej” papieża Franciszka
Authors:   Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny w Krakowie, Kamińska Anna
Published: February 2021

The article presents the problem of global ethical and social indiff erence in re-lation to Pope Francis’ refl ection on the need to oppose the globalization of indiff erence and the need to combine ecology as a refl ection on nature with anthropology as a refl ection on man. 149„Nie ma ekologii bez antropologii”. O zobojętnieniu ekologiczno-społecznymThe author analyzes Pope Francis’ Laudato si encyclical, juxtaposing its refl ec-tions with the thoughts contained in His other encyclicals, apostolic exhorta-tions, homilies, speech documents and books, thus showing a broader pano-rama of thoughts on the relationship between climate change on our planet and the present economic and social situation. The argument is, that “integral ecology” proposed by Pope Francis, which includes both nature and man, is an expression of ecological and social sensitivity, an example of concern for the fragility of both man and nature. Consequently, the author concludes that true ecological sensitivity is also a social sensitivity, as it includes the issue of social justice in the discussion of the environment, allowing for the opportunity to hear the cry of all harmed and suff ering beings.
Mekanisme ‘gacha’ dan ‘parasocial interaction’ pemain gim seluler
Authors: Pradhipta Amelia Yeza
Published: February 2021

This article elaborates how parasocial interaction in freemium mobile game may motivate users to spend money for Gacha, an in-game virtual lottery mechanism in which users will randomly get one or several in-game items with different levels of rarity. The literature review method was used for this article which began with thorough explanations of the main concepts, such as freemium seluler game, microtransactions, Gacha mechanism, and parasocial interaction. This article concludes that seluler game developers creatively designed the game characters to be well-liked by the players through characterization and visual aspects that aesthetically pleasing in hope that gamers may experience parasocial interaction and relationship with one of the characters, which may turn into character attachment. The interaction and attachment will then encourage the players to keep spending money through microtransactions to get the characters or virtual cosmetic items they want through Gacha.