bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The reliability and validity of the Arabic version of the Mouth Handicap in Systemic Sclerosis (MHISS) Questionnaire in Arabian systemic sclerosis patients
Authors: Elattar Enas A. , Balata Mona G. , El Mallah Reem
Published: September 2020

Background

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune multi-systemic disease with predominant affection of connective tissue. Skin is characteristically affected in SSc and is almost responsible for oral complications as well as aesthetic changes which affect the patient’s oral health-related quality of life. The Mouth Handicap in Systemic Sclerosis (MHISS) Questionnaire is the first tool to subjectively calculate the handicap associated with mouth disability in SSc patients. This study aimed to test for reliability, the validity of the Arabic version of the MHISS to be used in Arabian systemic sclerosis.

Results

This study was conducted on 38 females with SSc with a mean age of 48.7 ± 5.01 years and a mean disease duration of 6.23 ± 3.14 years—18 patients (47.4%) have diffuse SSc while 20 (52.6%) have localised SSc. The mean value of the total MHISS for SSc patients was 12.21 ± 3.51, test–retest reliability of the Arabic version was excellent (ICC = 0.991) with excellent internal consistency (Chronbach’s α = 0.892) with significant negative correlation with mouth opening (r = − 0.512, p < 0.05) and no correlation with the Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI).

Conclusion

Our results demonstrated that the Arabic version of the MHISS questionnaire had excellent test–retest reliability and very good validity in measuring mouth disabilities in Arabian SSc patients.
GFI1 functions to repress neuronal gene expression in the developing inner ear hair cells
Authors: Matern Maggie S. , Milon Beatrice , Lipford Erika L. , McMurray Mark , Ogawa Yoko , Tkaczuk Andrew , Song Yang , Elkon Ran , Hertzano Ronna
Published: September 2020

Despite the known importance of the transcription factors ATOH1, POU4F3 and GFI1 in hair cell development and regeneration, their downstream transcriptional cascades in the inner ear remain largely unknown. Here, we have used Gfi1cre;RiboTag mice to evaluate changes to the hair cell translatome in the absence of GFI1. We identify a systematic downregulation of hair cell differentiation genes, concomitant with robust upregulation of neuronal genes in the GFI1-deficient hair cells. This includes increased expression of neuronal-associated transcription factors (e.g. Pou4f1) as well as transcription factors that serve dual roles in hair cell and neuronal development (e.g. Neurod1, Atoh1 and Insm1). We further show that the upregulated genes are consistent with the NEUROD1 regulon and are normally expressed in hair cells prior to GFI1 onset. Additionally, minimal overlap of differentially expressed genes in auditory and vestibular hair cells suggests that GFI1 serves different roles in these systems. From these data, we propose a dual mechanism for GFI1 in promoting hair cell development, consisting of repression of neuronal-associated genes as well as activation of hair cell-specific genes required for normal functional maturation.
An HIV-Tat inducible mouse model system of childhood HIV-associated nephropathy
Authors: Tang Pingtao , Das Jharna R. , Li Jinliang , Yu Jing , Ray Patricio E.
Published: September 2020

Modern antiretroviral therapies (ART) have decreased the prevalence of HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN). Nonetheless, we continue to see children and adolescents with HIVAN all over the world. Furthermore, once HIVAN is established in children, it is difficult to revert its long-term progression, and we need better animal models of childhood HIVAN to test new treatments. To define whether the HIV-1 trans-activator (Tat) gene precipitates HIVAN in young mice, and to develop an inducible mouse model of childhood HIVAN, an HIV-Tat gene cloned from a child with HIVAN was used to generate recombinant adenoviral vectors (rAd-Tat). rAd-Tat and LacZ control vectors (2×109) were expressed in the kidney of newborn wild-type and HIV-transgenic (Tg26) FVB/N mice without significant proteinuria (n=5; 8 per group). Mice were sacrificed 7 and 35 days later to assess their renal outcome, the expression of HIV-genes and growth factors, and markers of cell growth and differentiation by RT-qPCR, immunohistochemistry and/or western blots. HIV-Tat induced the expression of HIV-1 genes and heparin-binding growth factors in the kidney of HIV-Tg26 mice, and precipitated HIVAN in the first month of life. No significant renal changes were detected in wild-type mice infected with rAd-Tat vectors, suggesting that HIV-Tat alone does not induce renal disease. This new mouse model of childhood HIVAN highlights the critical role that HIV-Tat plays in the pathogenesis of HIVAN, and could be used to study the pathogenesis and treatment of HIVAN in children and adolescents.
Η εμπορευματοποίηση του ανθρώπινου σώματος
Authors: Merkou (Μαρία Μέρκου) Maria
Published: September 2020

The medical community has to confront the shortage of organs available for human transplantation, resulting in large waiting lists worldwide. Hence, the introduction of a donor reimbursement system, which would partly serve as an incentive is often proposed. This model leads us, however, to the much-disputed notion of the commercialization of the human body.This concept triggers a series of reactions of both moral and social interest. However, the philosophical justification of the actual legislative provisions is only used as a means to highlight the conflict between the various practices on the matter and is not itself the main focus of the present essay.In addition to solid organs, other parts of the body such as the human reproductive material and the bone marrow are used for both therapeutic and research purposes.Consequently, the following is an attempt to understand the concept of commercialization and whether it could act beneficially within certain contexts or contrariwise, cause great harm.
The de.NBI / ELIXIR-DE training platform - Bioinformatics training in Germany and across Europe within ELIXIR
Authors: Wibberg Daniel , Batut Bérénice , Belmann Peter , Blom Jochen , Glöckner Frank Oliver , Grüning Björn , Hoffmann Nils , Kleinbölting Nils , Rahn René , Rey Maja , Scholz Uwe , Sharan Malvika , Tauch Andreas , Trojahn Ulrike , Usadel Björn , Kohlbacher Oliver
Published: September 2020

The German Network for Bioinformatics Infrastructure (de.NBI) is a national and academic infrastructure funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). The de.NBI provides (i) service, (ii) training, and (iii) cloud computing to users in life sciences research and biomedicine in Germany and Europe and (iv) fosters the cooperation of the German bioinformatics community with international network structures. The de.NBI members also run the German node (ELIXIR-DE) within the European ELIXIR infrastructure. The de.NBI / ELIXIR-DE training platform, also known as special interest group 3 (SIG 3) ‘Training & Education’, coordinates the bioinformatics training of de.NBI and the German ELIXIR node. The network provides a high-quality, coherent, timely, and impactful training program across its eight service centers. Life scientists learn how to handle and analyze biological big data more effectively by applying tools, standards and compute services provided by de.NBI. Since 2015, more than 300 training courses were carried out with about 6,000 participants and these courses received recommendation rates of almost 90% (status as of July 2020). In addition to face-to-face training courses, online training was introduced on the de.NBI website in 2016 and guidelines for the preparation of e-learning material were established in 2018. In 2016, ELIXIR-DE joined the ELIXIR training platform. Here, the de.NBI / ELIXIR-DE training platform collaborates with ELIXIR in training activities, advertising training courses via TeSS and discussions on the exchange of data for training events essential for quality assessment on both the technical and administrative levels. The de.NBI training program trained thousands of scientists from Germany and beyond in many different areas of bioinformatics.
Recent advances in managing overactive bladder
Authors: Araklitis George , Baines Georgina , da Silva Ana Sofia , Robinson Dudley , Cardozo Linda
Published: September 2020

Overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) is defined as urinary urgency, usually accompanied by frequency and nocturia, with or without urgency incontinence, in the absence of urinary tract infection or other obvious pathology. In this review, we focus on recent advances in the management of OAB. We examine the evidence on the effect of anticholinergic load on OAB patients. Advances in medical treatment include a new beta-3 agonist, vibegron, which is thought to have fewer drug interactions than mirabegron. Treatment of genitourinary syndrome of the menopause with oestrogens and ospemifene have also shown promise for OAB. Botulinum toxin has been shown to be an effective treatment option. We discuss the new implantable neuromodulators that are on the market as well as selective bladder denervation and laser technology.
Methodology for Building a Distance Course in the Context of Undergraduate Education Foreign Scientific Discourse
Authors: Zaykova I. , Kazanceva Elena , Kazanceva Anzhela , Sverdlova Nataliya
Published: September 2020

The article presents a methodology for creating a distance course in the context of teaching graduate students of foreign language scientific discourse. The technology of phased organization of the course is shown: the preparation stage, the methodical design stage of the course, the production stage of the course, the implementation stage. The methodology involves certain requirements for the course: a clear structure and consistency, focus on the specifics of training, a balance of theoretical and practical components, an established system of control and self-control, a multi-stage assessment of the quality of the course.
The Impact of Digitalization on Territory Promotion
Authors: Minaeva Lyudmila
Published: September 2020

Recent research of digitalization in different spheres of human activity has called for studies exploring communication to improve the process of interaction of regional authorities with target groups for specific government functions. The present study addresses this need through an exploration of communication practices in place promotion context. Based on the study of regional sites the paper points to the most effective ways of reaching different target audiences which can be useful for the economic development of the region.
Design and Pricing of Discretionary Service Lines
Authors: Debo Laurens , Li Cuihong
Published: September 2020

For discretionary services, longer service duration implies higher service quality. We study the optimal design and pricing of discretionary service lines, a range of services that are vertically differentiated through their duration (quality), offered to a market with customers who are heterogeneous in terms of their sensitivity to service duration. In a resource-constrained environment with stochastic arrival of demand, longer service duration also implies longer wait, which all customers dislike. Hence, service line design takes into consideration both customer heterogeneity in quality sensitivity and customer disutility in waiting. We first study the case when the firm serves customers in the order they arrive (first in first out (FIFO)). Then we investigate a processing-time-based sequencing rule with two priority classes (two classes shortest processing time (2-SPT)) as a practical operational improvement of FIFO. We identify service variety reduction as an instrument to mitigate congestion, in addition to service time reduction and throughput control used for discretionary service design. Although FIFO results in a range of closely related service durations and an increasing price schedule, we show that 2-SPT gives rise to a clustered service line with a gap between the ranges of service durations offered for different priority classes, along with a decrease of demand volume and a possible price drop from the lower-quality to the higher-quality cluster. Finally, even without customer heterogeneity, it is still optimal for the firm to offer a variety of services under 2-SPT, driven by operational efficiency improvement, whereas under FIFO the service line collapses to a single service.

This paper was accepted by Terry Taylor, operations management.
Assessing quality of life in older horses
Authors: Ireland Jo
Published: September 2020

The equine population is ageing and equine geriatric medicine is a growing field. With increasing horse age, both the frequency of veterinary attention and the provision of several preventive health care measures are reduced. Moreover, owners appear to under-recognise several prevalent age-associated diseases, often considering clinical signs as normal signs of ageing. There is a high burden of chronic disease within the geriatric equine population, which may have a detrimental effect on quality of life. In the absence of a validated equine quality of life measurement scale, this review highlights factors and domains that should be evaluated in a comprehensive assessment of the quality of life in older horses. The potential benefits of assessing quality of life as a routine component of veterinary care for older horses are also summarised.
Developing Teachers’ Professionalism through School Initiative-Based Lesson Study
Authors: Rozimela Yenni
Published: September 2020

The implementation of Lesson Study (LS) varies considerably across countries and institutions and is still in a phase of adaptation and experimentation. This article explains the result and the process of a school-based initiative endeavor to implement LS at a suburban elementary in Padang, Indonesia. The study involved 13 teachers, the principal and 6 classes of students. The data were collected through observation and interview. They were classified on the basis of three noticeable emerging themes- teacher collaboration, scaffolding, and reflection. The data were analyzed qualitatively. The results of data analysis reveal a promising improvement in these aspects. Implementing school- support LS increased by weaving the concept into practice helped teachers develop their professionalism gradually. It was obvious that the teachers felt more at ease to work collaboratively when they designed the lesson. This also affected their design which showed more meaningful learning activities and challenging tasks. Then, the teachers improved the way they scaffolded the pupils. The content of reflection and the way the results of reflection were conveyed became better. The principal’s support and the teachers’ strong willingness to elevate their quality apparently took an important role. In spite of that, there were some challenges in carrying out collaboration, providing appropriate scaffolding, and doing reflection. Changing the teachers’ common practice to LS apparently needs some adjustment and time.
Evaluation of Farmers Management Practices of Arabica Coffee Plantation Across Altitude for Climate Change Adaptation Strategies in Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Anhar Ashabul , Widayat Heru P. , Muslih Ali Muhammad , Subhan Subhan , Romano Romano , Baihaqi Akhmad , Bahri Teuku Saiful , Zulkarnain Zulkarnain , Bagio Bagio , Yusmaizal Yusmaizal , Abubakar Yusya
Published: September 2020

The productivity of Arabica coffee in low-altitude areas in Aceh have been declined, caused by an increase in temperatures, and by pests and diseases attack. This study aims to develop adaptation strategies to climate change in Aceh trough understanding how coffee productivity correlates with the management practices across the altitude. To find out a correlation between farming practices variables and coffee productivity, Spearman's rank test was used. To assess whether farming practice explanatory variables affected by the altitudes, a non-parametric with the Kruskal-Wallis Test, with Tukey’s post-hoc test (P0.05) with Chi-square distance were used. The results showed that coffee productivity was positively and significantly correlated to pruning, weeding, application of fertilizer, and application of pest and disease control, but was not to coffee plant density, sustainability certification, land conservation, and age of the coffee plant. Adaptation strategies for farmers in higher altitudes are to maintain the coffee plant density as well as shade density at an optimum level, followed by increasing management practices such as pruning, weeding, application of fertilizer, and pest and diseases control; in lower altitudes, those are to increase shade density both with Leucaena and multipurpose plants such as avocado and citrus, as well as increasing management practices such as land conservation, pruning, weeding, application of fertilizer and pest and diseases control. In middle altitudes, those are to maintain and improve management practices applied
Charge Characteristics and Cation Exchanges Properties of Hilly Dryland Soils Aceh Besar, Indonesia
Authors: Sufardi Sufardi , Arabia Teti , Khairullah Khairullah , Karnilawati Karnilawati , Sahbudin Sahbudin , Zainabun Zainabun
Published: September 2020

Soil surface charge and cation exchange are important parameters of soil fertility in tropical soils. This study was conducted to investigate characteristics of surface charges and cation exchanges on four soil orders of the dryland in  Aceh Besar district. The soil order includes Entisols Jantho (05o16’58.41” N; 95o37’51.82” E), Andisols Saree (05o27'15.6" N; 95o44'09,1" E), Inceptisols Cucum (05º18’18,37” N; 95º32’48,04” E), dan Oxisols Lembah Seulawah (05o27’19,4” N; 95o46’19,2” E). The charge characteristics of surface charge are evaluated from the parameter of DpH (pHH2O-pHKCl), variable charge (Vc), permanent charge (Pc), and point of zero charges (PZC). In contrast, cation exchange properties are evaluated from several soil chemical properties, such as soil organic matter (SOM), base saturation (BS), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and effective CEC (ECEC). The results show that the four pedons of soil in the hilly dryland of Aceh Besar include a variable charge because it has a PZC, which is characterized by a negative surface charge with a PZC of pHH2O and has CEC dependent soil pH. PZC value varies from 3.21 – 5.26 and sequentially PZC Andisols Oxisols Entisols Inceptisols. The total CEC value differs considerably from ECEC and the sum of cations. CEC total of the soils varies from 12.8 – 34.4 cmol kg-1, whereas the ECEC values vary from 2.72 – 8.66 cmol kg-1. The highest variable charge percentage is found in Andisols Saree. In contrast, the highest permanent charge is found in Inceptisols Cucum and is positively correlated with pHH20, PZC, CEC, and sums of cations or ECEC. Improving soil quality in hilly dryland soils in Aceh Besar District can be done by decreasing the PZC status of soils with organic amendments and fertilizers or increasing the pH by using liming.
Theoretical analysis of large negative dispersion photonic crystal fiber with small confinement loss
Authors: Rahaman Md. Ekhlasur , Hossain Md. Mahbub , Shekhar Mondal Himadri , Saha Rekha , Saif Muntaseer Ahmed
Published: September 2020

Solid core circular and octagonal photonic crystal fibers (CPCF and OPCF) are proposed for analyzing different guiding properties such as dispersion, effective mode area, nonlinearity, and confinement loss from 0.8 to 2.6 µm wavelength. The proposed structures use three different types of background materials: SF10, BK7, and silica. Moreover, the fill fraction is varied by changing the diameter of the air hole where the lattice pitch is unchanged. The proposed PCFs show a high negative dispersion with low confinement loss and small effective mode area. In the proposed design, the finite element method with a perfectly matched layer absorbing boundary condition is used. At 1.8 µm wavelength with 0.6 fill fraction, the maximum negative dispersion of

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is observed for CPCF when the background material is SF10. In addition, at this particular wavelength, the confinement loss is observed to be very small. Moreover,

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dispersion is found for the similar condition at 1.55 µm wavelength. On the other hand, using BK7 as the background material,

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dispersion is found at 1.55 µm wavelength for CPCF. Results also imply that CPCF shows better performance than OPCF for a wide wavelength range. Furthermore, at 1.55 µm wavelength, silica-based glass exhibits maximum dispersion, whereas increasing wavelength flint type glass shows the similar result. Analyzing different guiding properties of PCFs has significant impact on broadband dispersion compensation applications, especially using SF10.
Influence of optical forces induced by paraxial vortex Gaussian beams on the formation of a microrelief on carbazole-containing azopolymer films
Authors: Khonina Svetlana N. , Ustinov Andrey V. , Volotovskiy Sergey G. , Ivliev Nikolay A. , Podlipnov Vladimir V.
Published: September 2020

The paper discusses photoinduced microrelief formation in a film of an azopolymer. A theoretical study of the effect of laser beam polarization on the balance of optical forces acting under the direct action of paraxial Gaussian beams on the irradiated substance was made. We show that taking into account the gradient and scattering components of the force does not allow us to correctly describe the shape of the microasperities obtained on a carbazole-containing azopolymer. An approximation function is presented that describes the dependence of the microasperities’ shapes on the non-gradient component of the optical force of laser radiation in the absence and presence of a vortex phase. A comparative analysis of the approximation results and experimentally obtained microreliefs was carried out.
Electron Blocking Layer Free AlGaN Deep-Ultraviolet Light Emitting Diodes
Authors: Jain Barsha , Velpula Ravi Teja , Bui Ha Quoc Thang , Tumuna Moses , Jude Jeffrey , Nguyen H. P. T.
Published: September 2020

Performance of the deep-ultraviolet LEDs is improved by replacing conventional p-doped electron blocking layer with an intrinsic 2 nm thin AlGaN strip in the last quantum barrier due to enhancement of the hole transportation.
Boosted performance of ultraviolet light-emitting diodes via wavy quantum wells grown on large misoriented sapphire substrate
Authors: Sun Haiding
Published: September 2020

High quality Al1-xGaxN/Al1-yGayN multiple quantum wells (MQWs) with sharp interfaces and emitting at ~280 nm was successfully grown on sapphire substrate with a misorientation angle as large as 4°. Wavy MQWs are observed due to step bunching formed at the step edges of the highly misoriented substrate. A significantly enhanced photoluminescence intensity (at least 10 times higher), improved internal quantum efficiency over 90%, and a much longer carrier lifetime were achieved for QWs grown on 4° misoriented sapphire substrate when compared with that grown on 0.2° misoriented sapphire. Importantly, the wafer-level output power of the ultraviolet light emitting diodes on 4° misoriented sapphire substrate were nearly doubled. The compositional modulation in active region arising from the substrate misorientation provides a promising approach in the pursuit of future high-efficient UV emitters.
Spectral Shaping of Mid-Infrared Laser Pulses with a Digital Micromirror Device
Authors: Rutkauskas Marius , Srivastava Anchit , Reid Derryck T.
Published: September 2020

Spectral shaping of ultrafast laser pulses in the 3.6–3.9-µm wavelength region is implemented using a CaF2-windowed digital micromirror device. Short-pass, long-pass, bandpass and multi-wavelength shaping is demonstrated, targeting applications in spectroscopy and compressive sensing.
Optical power limiters based on frequency-selective surfaces and phase-transition materials
Authors: Wan Chenghao , Zhang Zhen , Salman Jad , Xiao Yuzhe , Yu Zhaoning , Shahsafi Alireza , Ramanathan Shriram , Kats Mikhail A.
Published: September 2020

We designed and demonstrated optical limiters that incorporate thin-film vanadium dioxide into metallic frequency selective surfaces and feature large, broadband off-state transmittance, small on-state transmittance, and minimized absorption.
Broadband Electromagnetic Radiation Detector Based on Photoacoustic Effect
Authors: Rossi Jussi , Uotila Juho , Laurila Toni , Ikonen Erkki , Vainio Markku
Published: September 2020

We report a highly linear and sensitive power detector, which is based on a silicon-cantilever enhanced photoacoustic sensor. Broadband operation from visible to mid-infrared is demonstrated, and extension to THz is envisioned.
Gradual Modulation of Semiconductor Properties via Grayscale Processing
Authors: Kacmoli Sara , Holly Carlo , Gmachl Claire F.
Published: September 2020

We demonstrate a novel method of inducing a gradual change in semiconductor conductivity by combining grayscale processing of photoresist and proton implantation. This method is flexible and lends itself to many applications in semiconductor-based optical and electrical devices.
Ge-on-Si Single Photon Avalanche Diode Detectors for LIDAR in the Short Wave Infrared
Authors: Millar Ross W. , Kirdoda Jaroslaw , Kuzmenko Kateryna , Vines Peter , Halimi Abderrahim , Collins Robert J. , Maccarone Aurora , McCarthy Aongus , Greener Zoe M. , Thorburn Fiona , Dumas Derek C.S. , Ferre-Llin Lourdes , Mirza Muhammad M. , Paul Douglas J. , Buller Gerald S.
Published: September 2020

Ge-on-Si single photon avalanche diodes are used to demonstrate LIDAR in laboratory conditions. Modelling demonstrates that eye-safe kilometre range-finding is achievable at 1450nm wavelength. Afterpulsing is found to be considerably lower than commercial InGaAs/InP devices.
Progress and Trends in Intracavity Absorption Spectroscopy for Combustion Diagnostics
Authors: Fjodorow Peter
Published: September 2020

First proposed in 1970, intracavity absorption spectroscopy (ICAS) has developed into a powerful diagnostics technique. This talk will focus on recent ICAS applications to combustion diagnostics and sketch promising future developments.
Combustion Diagnostics Using a Difference-Frequency-Generation Laser Tunable from 12.6 to 15 μm
Authors: Shakfa Mohammad Khaled , Mhanna Mhanna , Marangoni Marco , Farooq Aamir
Published: September 2020

We developed a new diagnostic technique based on a widely tunable difference-frequency-generation laser for combustion studies. We applied this technique to probe benzene near 14.84 μm during its formation from propargyl radicals.
Wavelength-Multiplexed Single-Shot Ptychography
Authors: Barolak Jonathan , Goldberger David , Bellouard Yves , Squier Jeff , Durfee Charles , Adams Daniel
Published: September 2020

We present multi-wavelength single-shot ptychography, a technique which is ideally suited for imaging dynamically evolving plasmas. Through improvements to single-shot ptychography and a novel probe constraint, wavelength-multiplexed single-shot ptychography was developed and experimentally realized.
Lidar Optical Architectures with Digital Micromirror Devices
Authors: Takashima Yuzuru , Hellman Brandon , Rodriguez Joshua , Luo Chuan , Kim Young-Sik , Park Jae-Hyeung
Published: September 2020

Lidar optical architectures employing Digital Micromirror Devices provide unique features such as low mechanical inertia, a large aperture area, fast scanning speed, and a high efficiency in beam steering.
High-brightness wavelength stabilized diode lasers for sensor systems and non-linear frequency conversion
Authors: Sumpf Bernd
Published: September 2020

High-brightness wavelength stabilized diode lasers emitting between 750nm and 1100nm with output powers up to 15W for sensor applications such as biomedical imaging and spectroscopy as well as for non-linear frequency conversion will be presented.
Covert polarization display based on ultra-thin lossy nanocolumns with wide color selectivity
Authors: Yoo Young Jin , Ko Joo Hwan , Kim Yeong Jae , Song Young Min
Published: September 2020

We present a flexible, large-area covert polarization display based on ultra-thin lossy nanocolumns with a wide color selectivity. Self-aligned porous nanocolumns (PNCs) fabricated by glancing angle deposition are a facile approach to polarization distinguishable structures.
Narrow Linewidth Distributed Feedback Diode Lasers for Cooling in Cold Atom Systems
Authors: Watson S. , Di Gaetano E. , McBrearty E. , Sorel M. , Paul D. J.
Published: September 2020

Distributed feedback (DFB) lasers have been realized emitting at a wavelength of 780.24 nm which demonstrate powers in excess of 60 mW with 612 kHz linewidth for use in rubidium (87Rb) cold atom systems.
Performance Enhanced Multicolor Quantum Grid Infrared Photodetector with Graphene/GaAs Heterojunction
Authors: Liang Bor-Wei , Huang Chiu-Chang , Kao Kuang-Ju , Lan Yann-Wen , Kuan Chieh-Hsiung
Published: September 2020

We have demonstrated a performance enhanced multicolor quantum grid infrared photodetector (QGIP) through graphene overlaying. The responsivity and the detectivity are improved due to the photoelectrons extra-generated at the Graphene-GaAs interface contribute to the photocurrent.
A High-Power, Low-Noise, Ultraviolet Laser System for Trapped-Ion Quantum Computing
Authors: Tobey R. I. , Lee K. W. , Hankin A. M. , Gresh D. N. , Francois D. J. , Bohnet J. G. , Hayes D. , Bohn M. J.
Published: September 2020

We demonstrate a high power, modular, bichromatic, ultraviolet laser system based on the Master Oscillator / Power Amplifier (MOPA) configuration for quantum computing with 171Yb+ ions. Low phase noise allows for high fidelity qubit operations.
Efficient bidirectional piezo-optomechanical transduction between microwave and optical frequency
Authors: Jiang Wentao , Sarabalis Christopher J. , Dahmani Yanni D. , Patel Rishi N. , Mayor Felix M. , McKenna Timothy P. , Van Laer Raphaël , Safavi-Naeini Amir H.
Published: September 2020

We demonstrate a lithium niobate piezo-optomechanical frequency converter which exhibits an acousto-optic modulation V
π
= 0.02 V and a quantum conversion efficiency of 10
−
5.
A novel software-based optical sampling scheme for high-precision and interference-free time-of-flight LiDAR
Authors: Ishizaki Yu , Zhang Chao , Set Sze Y. , Yamashita Shinji
Published: September 2020

We propose a novel software-based optical sampling scheme for time-of-flight light detection and ranging using pseudo-random binary sequences. Temporal resolution of 1.1 ps, corresponding to a ranging resolution of 165um can be achieved.
Amplitude-Modulated Continuous-Wave Light Detection and Ranging with Bessel Beamforming
Authors: Zhang Chao , Liu Sifan , Zhang Zheyuan , Jin Lei , Set Sze Yun , Yamashita Shinji
Published: September 2020

We realized a novel light detection and ranging whose beam propagates >40 times longer than the depth of focus of Gaussian beam with a beam spot size of <1/3 of that of the collimated beam.
5.6-GHz-Bandwidth Photonic Stepped-Frequency Radar using MHz-level Frequency-Shifting Modulation
Authors: Zhang Ziqian , Liu Yang , Burla Maurizio , Eggleton Benjamin J.
Published: September 2020

We present the first demonstration of a photonics-based stepped-frequency radar imaging system with 5.6 GHz bandwidth and thus a centimetre-level range resolution, enabled by a simple optical frequency-shifting loop using an 80-MHz acousto-optic modulator.
Large-field step-structure surface profilometry using a femtosecond laser
Authors: Wang Yue , Xu Guangyao , Xiong Shilin , Wu Guanhao
Published: September 2020

We present a femtosecond laser based interferometer for step-structure surface measurement. The synthetic-wavelength method is adopted to bridge the envelope positioning and carrier phase extraction methods. A three step surface is precisely reconstructed.
Going beyond the Shockley-Queisser efficiency limit for a GaAs laser power converter (LPC) using optical front and rear coat optimization
Authors: McBroom Tianna , Schiff Eric
Published: September 2020

For laser power converters dominated by photon recycling, optimized anti-reflection coatings will achieve efficiencies that exceed the Shockley-Queisser limit. We present designs for such coatings based on efficiency optimization considering both anti-reflection and low hemispherical emissivity.
Penetration Depth Increase of Near Infrared Vortex Light through Turbid Media
Authors: Di Bartolo Francesco , Malik Muhammad N. , Scaffardi Mirco , Bogoni Antonella , Celi Simona , Malacarne Antonio
Published: September 2020

The higher capacity of Laguerre-Gaussian vortex beams of penetrating turbid media (e.g. biological fluids) with respect to conventional Gaussian beams is, for the first time, demonstrated in the 1.3µm-wavelength range commonly used for intravascular OCT.
Tandem Mach-Zehnder Based Directional Coupler to Enhance Signal-to-Noise Ratio of Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Lu Yi-Ting , Widhianto Benedictus Yohanes Bagus , Hsu Shih-Hsiang
Published: September 2020

A tandem Mach-Zehnder directional coupler (MZDC) demonstrates maximally flat wavelength-insensitive optical power divider compared with directional coupler and MZDC. Its 100-nm wavelength response could enhance the signal-to-noise ratio of optical coherence tomography up to 24-dB.
Smart Fiber-optic Inclinometer
Authors: Zhu Chen , Huang Jie
Published: September 2020

Machine learning (ML) techniques combined with a high-resolution (~17 nanoradian) fiber-optic inclinometer (FOI) are used to recognize and classify vibrations stimulated at different locations on the perimeter of the FOI.
Compact Self-Mixing Vibrometer for Application to Burglary Detection
Authors: Donati Silvano , Hwang Sheng-Kwang
Published: September 2020

A laser-diode self-mixing vibrometer with a new, minimum part-count analogue processing of fringe signal is developed. It detects ambient vibrations with high sensitivity and is demonstrated to be an excellent burglary intrusion detector, on a range up to several meters.
2 - 18 GHz ultra-wideband channel sounding with low- bandwidth ADC enabled by dual optical combs
Authors: Tong Hancheng , Li Yihong , Li Yihan , Li Ting , Zhao Xin , Zheng Zheng
Published: September 2020

We report an ultra-wideband channel sounding enabled by an optical dual-comb and photonic asynchronous sampling. A 2-18 GHz rich-multipath wireless channel is measured by a <60 MSa/s ADC with >1 kHz highest refresh rate.
Phase imaging with computational specificity (PICS)
Authors: Popescu Gabriel
Published: September 2020

We present a new microscopy concept, where the process of retrieving computational specificity is part of the acquisition software, performed in real-time. We demonstrate it with various fluorescence tags and operation on live cells as well as tissue pathology.
Tessellation Structured Illumination Microscopy
Authors: Shterman Doron , Eyal Ori , Tsesses Shai , Bartal Guy
Published: September 2020

Treating structured illumination microscopy (SIM) as a Fourier domain tessellation challenge, we suggest a super-resolution method allowing spatial resolution better than X/4 and requiring up to three times less raw images, effectively increasing temporal resolution.
Two-photon microscopy using hollow Gaussian beam
Authors: Alam Sabir Ul , Soni Niraj Kumar , Ren Yu-Xuan , He Hongsen , Tsia Kevin K. , Wong Kenneth K. Y.
Published: September 2020

We demonstrate two-photon microscopy based on hollow Gaussian beam illumination by leveraging an axially elongated central lobe, along with reduced central lobe width for increased mode order of the focused hollow Gaussian beam.
Through Cuticle Neural Imaging of Drosophila Melanogaster with Multiphoton Microscopes
Authors: Mok Aaron T. , Shea Jamien , Yapici Nilay , Xu Chris
Published: September 2020

Multiphoton neural imaging of Drosophila melanogaster required the removal of dorsal head capsule cuticle, prohibiting longitudinal imaging studies (> 5hrs). Here we demonstrate two- and three-photon imaging on cuticle-intact Drosophila brains with dorsal air-sacs removed.
1572-nm High-Energy Single-Frequency PM Fiber Laser for CO2 Coherent Remote Sensing
Authors: Sun Songsong , Yan Wei , Wang Lisha , Liu Fei , Wang Yong
Published: September 2020

We report a high-energy narrow-linewidth SBS-free high-efficiency polarization-maintaining fiber laser based on MOPA at 1572 nm for CO2 coherent remote sensing. The Lorentz linewidth of the seed laser is <10 kHz, and the output pulse energy of the fiber amplifier is >150 μJ, with tunable repetition rate of 1 k~1 MHz and tunable pulse width of 100~500 ns.
Spatially offset Raman spectroscopy for the diagnosis of bone composition
Authors: Cui Han , Glidle Andrew , Cooper Jonathan M.
Published: September 2020

Spatially Offset Raman Spectroscopy involves the collection off-axial scattered light, enabling the rapid collection of high signal-to-noise spectral information including that for phosphate, collagen and carbonate at millimeter depths, all indicative of bone health.
Optical probing of nanostructural alterations of brain tissues by partial wave spectroscopy in chronic alcoholism
Authors: Adhikari Prakash , Shukla Pradeep K. , Alharthi Fatemah , Regmi Binod , Rao Radhakrishna , Pradhan Prabhakar
Published: September 2020

We report the recently partial wave spectroscopy (PWS) with finner focusing that can probe precise scattering volume in tissues. Applications in distinguishing the nanostructural alteration in brain tissues in chronic alcoholism are reported.
An Automated and Cost-Effective System for Early Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing
Authors: Brown Calvin , Tseng Derek , Larkin Paige M.K , Realegeno Susan E. , Di Carlo Dino , Garner Omai B. , Ozcan Aydogan
Published: September 2020

We present a cost-effective, automated antimicrobial susceptibility testing system that delivers results after as little as 4 hours of sample incubation, as opposed to manual readings performed by professionals after >18 hours of incubation.
Single Flat lens enables Extreme Depth of Focus Imaging
Authors: Banerji Sourangsu , Meem Monjurul , Majumder Apratim , Rodriguez Berardi Sensale , Menon Rajesh
Published: September 2020

With judicious design of a multi-level diffractive lens (MDL), it is possible to drastically enhance the depth of focus by over ~4 orders of magnitude while maintaining focus for objects that are separated by ~6m.
Three-Dimensional Single-shot Ptychography
Authors: Goldberger David , Barolak Jonathan , Durfee Charles G. , Adams Daniel E.
Published: September 2020

We introduce three-dimensional single-shot ptychography (3DSSP). 3DSSP implements a novel algorithm to reconstruct multiple 2D planes of a 3D object. We analyze the technique’s performance via numerical simulations, and we demonstrate it experimentally.
Time-of-Flight Depth-Resolved Imaging with Heralded Photon Source Illumination
Authors: Ren Ximing , Frick Stefan , McMillan Alex , Chen Songmao , Halimi Abderrahim , Connolly Peter W. R. , Joshi Siddarth K. , Mclaughlin Stephen , Rarity John G. , Matthews Jonathan C. F. , Buller Gerald S.
Published: September 2020

We demonstrate 3D time-of-flight imaging from a scattering target illuminated with a heralded single photon source. Our image reconstruction algorithm achieves millimeter depth resolution with only 0.3 average detected photons per image pixel.
Falloposcope Modifications for Clinical Trials
Authors: Kiekens Kelli C. , Galvez Dominique , Romano Gabriela , Cordova Ricky , Barton Jennifer K.
Published: September 2020

We present engineering design improvements upon a prototype fallopian tube endoscope. These modifications allow for interchangeability between endoscopes and reduce complexity. The construction time for each endoscope has been significantly reduced compared to the prototype.
Mutually Injection Locked Gain Switched Optical Frequency Combs for Dual Comb Spectroscopy of H2S
Authors: Martin Eamonn P. , Chandran Satheesh , Rosado Alejandro , Soderholm Erik P. , Alexander Justin K. , Peters Frank H. , Ruth Albert A. , Anandarajah Prince M.
Published: September 2020

Application of two mutually injection-locked gain-switched optical frequency combs for near-infrared spectroscopy of H2S in air is demonstrated. The high phase correlation between OFCs allows measurement sensitivities of 740 ppmv using a compact, flexible device.
Widely Tunable, Fast Scanning, Narrow Linewidth, Mid-IR Source Centred at 2.9 Um
Authors: Wu Jingda , Kelleher Edmund , Chrostowski Lukas , Jones David , Young Jeff F.
Published: September 2020

A mid-IR source based on difference frequency generation is shown capable of performing a 100 nm wide scan centred at 2.9 Um in under 3 minutes. Its use for measuring the quality factors of photonic crystal cavities is demonstrated.
High Extinction Pump Rejection Bragg Filters for Silicon Quantum Photonic Devices
Authors: Goswami Arnab , Das Bijoy Krishna
Published: September 2020

A single-stage distributed Bragg filter in silicon waveguide has been demon strated with a rejection bandwidth of 7-nm and ultra-high extinction of ~ 55-dB; suitable towards silicon quantum photonic chip operating at λ ~ 1.55 jUm for on-chip pump rejection.
EO Integration of Planar Ion Trap and Silicon Photonics for Optical Addressing in Quantum Computing
Authors: Lim Yu Dian , Tao Jing , Zhao Peng , Li Hong Yu , Apriyana Anak Agung Alit , Guidoni Luca , Tan Chuan Seng
Published: September 2020

Feasibilities of Electro-Optical integration for ion-trapping in quantum computing are demonstrated. Photonics devices exhibit ~33% coupling efficiency and 1.12 dB/cm propagation loss. Wide positional tolerance of ± 10 pm is obtained for optical addressing of trapped ion.
Modelling Weak-Coherent QKD Systems Using a Classical Simulation Framework
Authors: Kreinberg Sören , Novik Piotr , Koltchanov Igor , Richter André
Published: September 2020

We demonstrate how an existing simulation framework for modelling classical optical systems can be utilized for simulations of weak-coherent QKD links.
A High Efficiency Reconciliation Method for Free-space Continuous-Variable QKD
Authors: Zhou Chao , Wang Xiangyu , Zhang Yichen , Zhang Zhiguo , Yu Song
Published: September 2020

We propose a high efficiency reconciliation method for continuous-variable quantum key distribution over free-space channel, which achieves stable reconciliation efficiency of more than 95% under the fluctuation of the SNR (as low as -16 dB).
Adding Artificial Noise for Dynamic Code Rate Matching in Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution
Authors: Kreinberg Sören , Koltchanov Igor , Richter André
Published: September 2020

CV-QKD over long distances requires high reconciliation efficiencies, hence matching error correction code rate vs. SNR. For time-varying quantum channels, we achieve this by adding a controlled amount of digital noise to the measured data.
Experimental Resource-Efficient Entanglement Detection
Authors: Saggio Valeria , Dimic Aleksandra , Greganti Chiara , Rozema Lee A. , Walther Philip , DakiC Borivoje
Published: September 2020

A new entanglement-verification method is introduced and experimentally verified with a six-photon cluster state. We demonstrate that it is possible to efficiently detect multipartite entanglement with only a few copies of the state.
A Laboratory Light Source for Ultrafast Kinetics of EUV Exposure Processes and Ultra-Small Pitch Lithography
Authors: Cousin Seth L. , Bargsten Clayton , Rinard Eric , Ward Rod , Hosler Erik , Petersen Brennan , Kapteyn Henity , Vanelderen Pieter , Petersen John , van der Heide Paul
Published: September 2020

An ultra-short pulsed, ultra-broadband (~13nm-~13pm) light-source has been developed to drive atto- to femto- second time-resolved studies on EUV photo-resist materials. The same source will also be used to investigate EUV driven nano-lithography.
Three-Color Phase-Amplitude Holography with a Metasurface Doublet
Authors: Huang Xiaoyan , Shrestha Sajan , Overvig Adam , Yu Nanfang
Published: September 2020

We report experimental demonstrations of a phase-amplitude metasurface doublet capable of producing 2D artifact-free, full-color holographic images.
Biologically Wavelength-Tunable Droplet Laser for Molecular Barcoding Analysis
Authors: Yuan Zhiyi , Gong Xuerui , Cheng Xin , Feng Shilun , Chen Yu-Cheng
Published: September 2020

The first demonstration of molecular barcoding analysis based on wavelength-tunable lasers was conceptualized and demonstrated. Our work shows great impact in both biomedical sensing and fundamental research in biology, paving a new road for biomedical analysis.
Large-Area Silver Nanodimple Arrays for Ultrasensitive Molecular Beacon-Based DNA Sensing
Authors: Wang Yi-Chieh , Liu Ye , Tanyi Ekembu K , Wu Bo , Kannegulla Akash , Cheng Li-Jing
Published: September 2020

We report a large-area nanoplasmonic device fabricated by nanosphere lithography for enhanced molecular beacon-based biosensing. The device enabled 20-fold fluorescence enhancement that led to ultrasensitive DNA sensing with the detection limit of 10 fM.
Sensitizing an all-optical ultrasound sensor with a polymer overlayer
Authors: Zhu Eric Y. , Charles Maria C. , Rewcastle Cory , Gad Raanan , Qian Li , Levi Ofer
Published: September 2020

We exploit the refractive-index (RI)-sensing capabilities of a photonic crystal slab (PCS) and the photoelastic effect in a polymer overlayer to measure ultrasonic signals in water. Using a TM resonance in the PCS device, we obtain an acoustic sensitivity of 4.4×10
−
2 nm/MPa.
BioBots: 3D-printed microrobots manipulated by light as potential biomedical “surgeons”
Authors: Bunea Ada-Ioana , Engay Einstom , Wetzel Alexandre , Taboryski Rafael
Published: September 2020

Microrobots with spherical handles for optical trapping and additional features for biological applications are fabricated by direct laser writing. Surface functionalization, combined with wavefront correction algorithms, shows promise for improved microrobot manipulation in biological fluids.
Nighttime Radical Chemistry Observations based on a Visible Dual-Comb Spectrometer
Authors: Lu Haoyuan , Xu Hao , Zhao Jianye , Zuo Peng
Published: September 2020

We propose a visible dual-comb spectroscopy with 0.001 nm spectrum resolution and 50 microseconds time resolution. We perform high-precision observing of NO3 real-time chemical reactions by using a dual-comb Spectrometer and the Herriott Cell.
Theoretical Performance Analysis of QCL-Based Dual Comb Spectroscopic System for Trace Detection of Chemicals in Air
Authors: Rasna Miftahul Jannat , Teng Chu , Westberg Jonas , Wysocki Gerard
Published: September 2020

We develop realistic air and noise models for dual-comb spectroscopy using real urban background measurements and analyze true- and false-positive rates of target molecules. Real-world situations for various targets can be simulated using these models.
Open-path atmospheric ammonia sensor based on 9.06 pm hollow core fiber coupled quantum cascade laser
Authors: Yi Hongming , Tao Lei , Pan Da , Guo Xuehui , McSpiritt James , Wang Rui , Luu Charles , Zondlo Mark A.
Published: September 2020

An open-path ammonia sensor based on 9.06 pm hollow core fiber coupled quantum cascade laser was developed to atmospheric NH3 monitoring, measurement precision of 0.25 ppb was obtained with fast time response of 0.1 s.
Internal Structuring of Silicon using THz-Repetition-Rate Trains of Ultrashort Pulses
Authors: Wang A. , Das A. , Grojo D.
Published: September 2020

We generate and apply trains of infrared femtosecond pulses at the highest achievable repetition-rates. This gives unique multi-timescale control parameters used for improved energy deposition and reliable 3D laser writing deep inside silicon.
3-D optical cavities created using local light-triggered polymerization on fiber tips
Authors: Smith Jonathan W. , Williams Jeremiah C. , Suelzer S Joseph , Usechak Nicholas G. , Chandrahalim Hengky
Published: September 2020

This paper presents 3-D optical cavities fabricated directly onto cleaved ends of optical fibers by local light-triggered polymerization. This fabrication technique is quick, simple, and inexpensive compared to standard microfabrication processes.