bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Postural balance in the comprehensive rehabilitation of adolescents with cleft lip and palate and maxillofacial anomalies: A literature review
Authors: Botsarova Sofia А. , Semyonov Mikhail G. , Vissarionov Sergei V.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND: Patients with cleft lip and palate experience significant jaw relationship disorders and pathological bite formation, leading to changes in the motor activity of chewing muscles and postural balance disturbances. Most studies on postural control are conducted on patients with skeletal dentofacial anomalies and deformities without cleft lip and palate. The state of postural balance in children with cleft lip and palate requiring long-term complex medical rehabilitation, including bone-reconstructive operations on the jaw bones, remains poorly understood.
AIM: To analyze publications dedicated to the evaluation of postural balance in adolescents with cleft lip and palate combined with jaw relationship disorders and pathological bite formation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The article includes an analysis and review of several studies that investigated the state of postural balance in adolescents with cleft lip and palate, particularly at the final stages of growth and formation of the musculoskeletal system. Scientific articles published in various medical journals, monographs, dissertations, and materials from scientific symposiums related to this topic were used in the literature review. PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and RSCI were searched without language restrictions. The search depth was 23 years, and 64 studies were selected.
RESULTS: The article analyzes literature data related to theories of the mechanism of mutual influence between postural balance and the dentofacial apparatus (disorders and pathological bite formation). The state of postural balance is influenced by various factors, including the craniosacral system and anomalies of the cervical spine. Patients with cleft lip and palate, hemifacial microsomia, and other craniofacial dysostoses with growth disorders of jaw bones experience an imbalance in the entire “descending” chain, causing postural disturbances, increased plantar pressure, increased foot rigidity, and changes in photogrammetry indicators, which should be considered when developing an individual rehabilitation program for these patients. The treatment of these patients without considering postural balance disorders can lead to temporomandibular joint pathologies, unstable results of the conservative orthodontic treatment of bite pathologies, and bone-reconstructive operations on jaws.
CONCLUSIONS: The study highlights the ways of adaptation of the musculoskeletal system in the presence of occlusal relationship disorders and emphasizes the need to evaluate this influence comprehensively for the treatment of these patients. The limitations of the presented studies should be emphasized: insufficient sample size, lack of control groups and prospective studies, limited types of examination, and lack of studies dedicated to more severe anomalies of craniofacial development.
In vivo application of prevascularized bone scaffolds: A literature review
Authors: Novosad Yury A. , Pershina Polina А. , Shabunin Anton S. , Asadulaev Marat S. , Vlasova Olga L. , Vissarionov Sergei V.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND: Despite expanding research, the development of materials for replacing bone defects remains an urgent problem in orthopedics and traumatology. Thus, one of the most important tasks is to create conditions for proper trophicity of the bone implant.
AIM: To analyze modern approaches to bone scaffold vascularization and evaluate their adequacy in in vivo models.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The article presents a literature review dedicated to the methods of vascularization of bone scaffolds. A literature search was performed in PubMed, ScienceDirect, eLibrary, and Google Scholar databases from 2013 to 2023 using keywords, and 271 sources were identified. After exclusion, 95 articles were analyzed, and the results of 38 original studies and one literature review were presented.
RESULTS: Regardless of the initial vascularization method of scaffolds, bone implants show distinct osteoinductive features and promote advanced bone tissue regeneration. Constructs based on solid polymers and calcium–phosphate compositions also perform osteoconductive functions. Mesenchymal stem cells are used as the main cell type, as well as vessel-type cells, which in cooperation also have a positive effect on bone-defect remodeling. Bone morphogenetic proteins are used for directed differentiation in the osteogenic direction, and vascular endothelial growth factor is used for differentiation in the vascular pathway.
CONCLUSIONS: At present, no method for vascularization of scaffolds has been approved universally. In addition, no evidence supported the comparative effectiveness of vascularization methods, whereas animal model studies have demonstrated a positive effect of prevascularized patterns on the recovery rate of minor and critical defects.
Triceps surae shortening in children
Authors: Sapogovskiy Andrey V.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND: The triceps surae is the main muscle that exerts propulsion power during walking and running. Its retraction changes the biomechanics of the foot, alters locomotion, and results in the secondary development of flatfoot deformity. Literature data on the clinical assessment of triceps surae retraction vary.
AIM: To assess the threshold value of foot dorsiflexion in different clinical assessment methods of determining Achilles tendon shortening.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included the clinical assessment results of foot dorsiflexion in 167 patients (325 feet) with flatfeet aged 7–18 years. The foot dorsiflexion evaluation consisted of the assessment of isolated foot dorsiflexion and foot dorsiflexion with stabilization of the tarsal joints. To determine the involvement of the gastrosoleus complex in the pathological process, foot dorsiflexion was assessed with knee joint flexion and extension. The obtained data were subjected to correlation, regression, and Bland–Altman analyses.
RESULTS: Strong correlations were found when foot dorsiflexion was assessed with the same knee joint position (assessment of isolated foot dorsiflexion and foot dorsiflexion with stabilized tarsal joints and knee joint flexion; the same tests with knee joint extension). Moderate correlations were noted when comparing foot dorsiflexion with knee joint extension and flexion. In the regression analysis, formulas were obtained according to which the threshold values of foot dorsiflexion were calculated in various variants during knee joint flexion and extension, indicating the retraction of the triceps surae: isolated foot dorsiflexion with knee joint extension 20°, isolated foot dorsiflexion with knee flexion 36°, and foot dorsiflexion with tarsal joint stabilization and knee extension 23°.
CONCLUSIONS: Retraction of triceps surae in children with flatfeet equally involves the gastrocnemius and soleus. Differences in the magnitude of foot dorsiflexion with knee joint flexion and extension are the main factors in the retraction of the triceps surae to the gastrocnemius muscle.
Clinical and genetic characteristics of multicentric carpotarsal osteolysis syndrome
Authors: Markova Tatiana V. , Kenis Vladimir М. , Kozhevnikov Aleksei N. , Buklemishev Yuriy V. , Gorodilova Darya V. , Shchagina Olga А. , Dadali Elena L.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND: Multicentric carpotarsal osteolysis (MCTO) syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disease of skeletal dysplasias caused by heterozygous missense variants in MAFB. Clinical manifestations of the disease are characterized by pain, swelling, and hand and foot deformities as a result of progressive osteolysis of the carpal and tarsal bones. Kidney insufficiency also developed in some patients.
CLINICAL CASES: Three Russian patients aged 2–39 years with MCTO syndrome caused by pathogenic variants c.176CT, c.184AG, c.203CT in MAFB are presented. All cases were sporadic. Two of our patients with MCTO were typically observed for several years with a diagnosis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis. All patients underwent phenotypic analysis using standard methods, radiography of the upper and lower extremities, ultrasonography of the kidneys, blood and urine tests to assess renal function, and molecular tests to clarify the diagnosis. Molecular genetic analysis included direct automatic Sanger sequencing of MAFB (NM_005461.5).
DISCUSSION: The clinical manifestations of the disease in the patients included deformities and shortening of the hands and feet and typical signs of osteolysis of the metacarpal and metatarsal bones on radiographs. One of the examined patients had proteinuria in early childhood. Considering the rarity of MCTO syndrome, a description of the clinical and radiological characteristics of newly identified cases of the disease will help optimize its diagnosis and multidisciplinary observation of patients and improve the quality of medical and genetic counseling for affected families.
CONCLUSIONS: The first clinical manifestations of MCTO syndrome are characterized by significant similarities with those of juvenile arthritis. For their differential diagnosis, a thorough radiographic analysis of the hands and feet for osteolysis is necessary. Early diagnosis of MCTO syndrome is essential because in recent years intensive research aimed at developing therapy for diseases caused by dysfunction of the RANK/RANKL signaling pathway, in which the protein product of MAFB functions.
Hallux valgus in children. Biomechanical aspect: A literature review
Authors: Umnov Valery V. , Zharkov Dmitriy S. , Novikov Vladimir  А. , Umnov Dmitriy V.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND: The study comprehensively describes the issues of the normal biomechanics of the first toe, first metatarsophalangeal joint, and first ray when walking. Understanding the fundamental processes of the functioning of these structures is a leading aspect in the study of the etiopathogenesis of hallux valgus and is important in treatment planning.
AIM: To analyze the literature concerning the kinematic and kinetic indicators of the first toe, first metatarsophalangeal joint, and first ray of the foot when walking in the final support phase.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The characteristics of periods, gait phases, kinetic and kinematic movements were analyzed.
RESULTS: To perform a “push-off” when walking, sufficient extension of the first toe in the first metatarsophalangeal joint is necessary, which is fully accomplished only in combination with flexion and eversion of the first ray of the foot. Muscular control of the position of the first toe in the first metatarsophalangeal joint is carried out by the short and long flexors of the first toe with the sesamoid apparatus of the first metatarsal bone, whereas functions of the first ray and midfoot joints are stabilized by the peroneus longus muscle.
CONCLUSIONS: The influence of kinematic and kinetic indicators of movements in the lower-limb joints in the horizontal plane on the flexion of the first ray and extension of the first toe in the metatarsophalangeal joint and the determination of the nature and volume of movements in midfoot joints in various phases of the gait cycle remains a pressing issue.
Differences in Perceptions Regarding the Causes of Accidents in Logistics Vehicles: Freight vs. Passenger Cars
Authors:   The Korean Logistics Research Association, Kim Kyung-Jin
Published: April 2024

What factors do truck drivers consider as the primary causes of accidents? Study 1 investigated whether there were differences in risk perception among drivers of freight and passenger cars regarding various accident causes. Truck drivers perceived lower accident risks due to external factors during longer distances compared to shorter distances. Conversely, passenger car drivers felt lower risks at closer distances than at longer ones. This discrepancy can be attributed to variations in risk perception for the same accident factor, influenced by psychological fluency and the fit of regulatory focus with psychological distance.
Study 2 explored conditions where the interaction effect between driving distance and regulatory focus influenced by driver type (freight vs. passenger car), differed from Study 1. Participants indicated that, when anticipating driving long distances while intoxicated, the perceived risk of drunk driving decreased if they were identified as other truck drivers. However, when identifying themselves as truck drivers, the risk perception of drunk driving increased significantly. This pattern was also replicated in the context of drowsy driving.
Empirical Study on the Impact of Smart Logistics Platform Utilization Capabilities in the Era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution on Data-Driven Demand Forecasting Performance
Authors:   The Korean Logistics Research Association, Kim Chang-Bong , Park Wan-Soo
Published: April 2024

The rapid emergence of Industry 4.0 technologies, such as big data, IoT, and AI, has significantly transformed the distribution and logistics landscape. Smart logistics platforms are increasingly adopted in this sector, leading to improvements in various aspects, including demand forecasting accuracy. This study aims to investigate the mediating effects of data compatibility, real-time risk response, and product history tracking on the relationship between a company’s smart logistics platform utilization capability and its data-driven demand forecasting performance. Drawing upon theoretical insights from existing literature, this study develops a research model and corresponding hypotheses. Operationalization of key constructs is achieved through the development of a structured questionnaire based on established measurement scales. To ensure the representativeness of our sample, the survey is distributed to professionals utilizing smart logistics platforms in domestic distribution and logistics companies. Following a rigorous data collection process, a total of 280 valid responses are retained for further analysis. This study aims to highlight the growing importance of smart logistics platform utilization capability as smart technologies advance. Based on the research results, it presents practical situations in the industrial field and provides policy implications for supporting small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to government agencies and local governments.
Modern Approaches for Historical Seismograms: Moment Tensor Inversion of the 1947 Squillace Basin, South Italy, Earthquake
Authors: Scolaro Silvia , Batlló Josep , Orecchio Barbara , Presti Debora , Stich Daniel , Totaro Cristina
Published: April 2024

The scientific community has become increasingly aware of the importance of preserving and recovering historical seismic data, also because of their possible use in combination with modern techniques of analysis. Seismograms coming from the analog recording era cover more than 100 yr of seismic activity and may have a great relevance, especially for seismic risk evaluations in regions struck by destructive events in the past centuries but characterized by minor activity in the last decades. In this study we used analog seismograms to investigate an earthquake of presumed magnitude 5.7 that occurred in 1947 in central Calabria, south Italy, a high-seismic risk region framed in a complex geodynamic setting led by northwest-trending Nubia–Eurasia convergence and southeastward Ionian slab rollback. According to seismic catalogs, the 1947 is the only M > 5.5 earthquake instrumentally recorded in an area where the presence of the lateral edge of the Ionian slab has been suggested and an intense debate is still open concerning possible existence, and proper location, of a subduction-transform edge propagator (STEP) fault zone. To study this earthquake, we selected 15 medium- to long-period analog seismograms with related instrumental parameters, and we proceeded with vectorization process and proper waveform corrections. A technique specifically developed for time-domain moment tensor computation through waveform inversion of analog seismograms has been applied to the digitized recordings. The moment tensor solution estimated for the 1947 earthquake indicates strike-slip mechanism, focal depth of 28 km and Mw 5.1. The obtained hypocentral depth and left-lateral kinematics on about west-northwest–east-southeast-oriented fault fit well with the local seismotectonic framework and are compatible with STEP fault activity in central Calabria, furnishing a new seismological constraint to the debate concerning slab edge kinematics. Moreover, the presented analysis is useful for sharing with the scientific community new data and methodological issues related to historical seismogram management.
Geodiversidade e ensino de geografia
Authors: Lopes Jaelson , Cristina de Ananias Arapujo Alda , Maria Sabóia de Aquino Cláudia
Published: April 2024

Ao considerar a relevância dos estudos voltados ao ensino da Geografia física nas últimas décadas e o fortalecimento das discussões sobre Geodiversidade, este artigo objetiva realizar um levantamento com alunos e professores do curso de Geografia da UFPI acerca do processo de ensino e aprendizagem do conteúdo de Geodiversidade. A pesquisa contribuirá com a discussão sobre o tema Geodiversidade articulada ao ensino sob a perspectiva dos componentes físico-naturais. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quali-quanti de cunho exploratória, onde se utilizou a análise de conteúdo de Bardin (2011). Os resultados apontam que os docentes abordam de maneira interdisciplinar os conteúdos que ministram, relacionando-os com a Geodiversidade. Os discentes apontam a contribuição que a Geografia física exerce em seu percurso formativo, mas que, segundo os mesmos, necessita-se ainda de uma abordagem mais articulada para a formação de professor, e práticas que considerem a sua preparação para atuarem, posteriormente, na educação básica. Desse modo, o trabalho contribuirá com o avanço das pesquisas no que concerne à relação da Geodiversidade, formação docente e ensino de Geografia para o fortalecimento do campo à nível nacional
O raciocínio multiescalar na qualificação do Ensino de Geografia e o conceito escala na normativa curricular nacional de Geografia
Authors: Leite Alvarenga Botelho Lucio Antonio , Valadão Roberto Célio
Published: April 2024

Nosso objetivo neste artigo é apresentar e discutir os resultados egressos da leitura analítica e interpretativa do conceito científico escala prescrito na Base Nacional Comum Curricular – Geografia, para o Ensino Fundamental. Nessa leitura utilizamos os procedimentos metodológicos preconizados pela Grounded Theory, os quais permitiram analisar o sentido dos textos da normativa a partir da interpretação dos pesquisadores. Primeiramente, mediante uso de revisão bibliográfica, destacamos algumas questões relacionadas ao papel das escalas cartográfica e geográfica na sala de aula, na busca por delimitar o papel fundamental do emprego sistemático desta última como um caminho para a qualificação do ensino de Geografia na escola. Diante da relevância da escala geográfica é que buscamos contextualizar o tratamento do conceito escala, tal como se encontra ele prescrito na normativa curricular hoje vigente no País. Nessa normativa, apesar de não haver distinção quanto ao papel e importância das escalas cartográfica e geográfica, segundo informações e dados por nós sistematizados conclui-se que o currículo nacional prescreve, em grande medida, a escala geográfica como aquela a ser priorizada no processo de ensino-aprendizagem em Geografia.
Lavrado de Roraima
Authors: Franco Buenafuente Sandra Maria , Almeida Galdino Lúcio Keury , Barbosa Reinaldo I.
Published: April 2024

Este artigo aborda a caracterização ecogeográfica do Lavrado de Roraima e as potencialidades socioeconômicas para os povos indígenas. Com o avanço da agricultura mecanizada do milho, soja e arroz, que promovem significativos impactos negativos a este ecossistema único, faz-se necessário demonstrar a importância para a conservação da biodiversidade e recursos hídricos desse ambiente. Neste contexto, será analisado os conhecimentos e processos produtivos tradicionais dos povos indígenas que habitam essa região. É uma pesquisa com abordagem metodológica descritiva e analítica, referenciado em diferentes fontes, como artigos científicos, livros, projetos e documentos pertinentes. Os recursos disponíveis que fazem parte da vivência dos povos indígenas do Lavrado, garantem uma economia de base própria, mesmo com a convivência e inter-relação das forças de mercado. As políticas públicas ambientais, local estadual e nacional, devem ser implementadas para manter a sustentabilidade socioeconômica e ambiental dessa região, no marco da Política Nacional de Gestão Territorial e Ambiental de Terras Indígenas- PNGATI, de acordo com os Planos de Gestão Territorial Ambiental - PGTAs das comunidades indígenas. Essas ações abririam espaço para a troca de paradigma que atualmente é adotado para o lavrado de Roraima, com o agronegócio em larga escala, que vem provocando uma acelerada perda das paisagens naturais. É necessário reforçar as políticas ambientais para o desenvolvimento da economia sustentável dos povos indígenas.

Palavras-Chave: Lavrado. Roraima. Ecogeográfica. Socioeconomia dos Povos Indígenas. Políticas Ambientais.
Inundação e vulnerabilidade socioeconômica na bacia hidrográfica Caranã (BHC)
Authors: Santos Mayk Feitosa , Araújo Júnior Antônio Carlos Ribeiro , De Souza Vladimir
Published: April 2024

Na geografia estudos sobre vulnerabilidade tem papel importante em relação a eventos danosos, como os causados por inundação, principalmente em locais onde o volume de dados é escasso, a exemplo da Amazônia setentrional. Partindo desse princípio, a pesquisa buscou analisar e delimitar as áreas de vulnerabilidade socioeconômica na bacia hidrográfica Caranã (BHC), Boa Vista-RR em decorrência de inundações. A metodologia deste estudo foi divida em três etapas: (I) Levantamento de dados secundários como artigos, livros, revistas, dissertações, teses, periódicos eletrônicos e imagens de satélites; (II) levantamento de dados primários que consistiram em várias atividades de campo com o intuito de coletar coordenadas geográficas, imagens digitais e imagens panorâmicas; (III) etapa de laboratório que consistiu na sintetização dos dados de campo para criação do banco de dados geográficos e estatísticos. A delimitação das áreas vulneráveis socioeconômicas foi processada no software Arcgis 10.3, com base no procedimento de ponderação das variáveis socioeconômicas. Os resultados demonstraram que as áreas em maior grau de vulnerabilidade socioeconômica estão localizadas no baixo curso do igarapé Caranã, principal curso d’água da BHC, sendo observada nos bairros Caranã, Jardim Caranã, União e Cauamé. Para reverter esse processo, são necessárias medidas estruturais e não estruturais para diminuição dessas áreas vulneráveis.
Structural relationships between workation attachment, workationer power, workation relationship quality, and workation intention
Authors: Wu Hung-Che , Xu Haonan
Published: April 2024

This research aims to examine the structural relationships between the dimensions of workation attachment, workationer power, the dimensions of workation relationship quality, and workation intention. It demonstrates that the proposed model aligns well with the collected data based on a convenience sample comprising 494 workationers in Bangkok using structural equation modeling. The analysis outcomes contribute to the tourism marketing theory by providing additional insights into the dimensions of workation attachment, workationer power, the dimensions of workation relationship quality, and workation intention. The findings from this study can aid workation managers in formulating and executing market-oriented service strategies to enhance the dimensions of workation attachment, workationer power, and workation relationship quality and foster workation intention.
Interrelation of Social Representations about Envy and Self-Actualisation of the Person of the Student
Authors:   Institute of Social Education (branch) of the Russian State Social University in Saratov, Nikitenko P. D.
Published: April 2024

Given article is devoted research of social representations about envy and self-actualisation of the person of the student. The description of empirical research of representations about essencethe nature and the reasons of envy depending on level of self-actualisation of the personis given.
Interrelation of Readiness and Motivation to Risk
Authors:   Saratov State University, Klenova M. A.
Published: April 2024

In clause the basic problems, concerning motivations of risk and readiness for risky behavior are considered. Results of the comparative analysis of motivation of risk of representatives of different generations are discussed. Distinctions in structure of readiness for risk, representations about motivation of risk in society and subjective motivation of youth, an average and the senior generation are established. The interrelation of readiness for risk and motivation is established.
Psychopedagogical Aspects of the Organized Educational Situation
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after IN Ulyanov, Polyakov S. D.
Published: April 2024

In article are discussed psychopedagogical aspects of the organized educational situation. Psychological consequences of different variants of end of educational situations.
To the Question about Emotional Intelligence
Authors:   Saratov State University, Kuznetcova K. S.
Published: April 2024

There is the history of such concept, as emotional intelligence, and also positions of scientists concerning formation of this new phenomenon of pedagogy in the article. The theoretical analysis of its basic models is given. It is noticed that development of emotional intelligence of children is represented to the extremely important and actual in a context of a modern society.
Besedila v kontekstu slovenske kulture
Authors: Krajnc Ivič Mira
Published: April 2024

Poznavanje jezika je sinteza izkušenjskega in teoretičnega znanja o jeziku in kulturi. V sodobnih kulturnih in informacijsko-tehnoloških trendih zato poučevanje in učenje jezika le kot sistema ne zadostuje več. Težnje Sveta Evrope k spodbujanju pluralnega jezikovnega in kulturnega okolja so razvidne v novem evropskem dokumentu, v Referenčnem okvirju za pluralistične pristope k jezikom in kulturam: Zmožnosti in viri (ROPP). Ta sporazumevalno jezikovno zmožnost nadgrajuje v medkulturno zmožnost, skupne referenčne ravni nadomešča s sedmimi globalnimi zmožnostmi in notranjimi ter zunanjimi viri. Razvijanje globalnih zmožnosti in pridobivanje notranjih virov, tj. znanja, spretnosti in stališč, pa se spodbuja s pluralističnimi pristopi k jezikom in kulturam. S tem jezik ni le orodje ali sredstvo za prenos informacij, ampak jasno izrazilo osebine identitete, njenih vrednot in pripadnosti skupnosti. Vse to je vidno pri tvorjenju in interpretiranju besedila, katerega mentalne sheme kažejo na podobnosti in razlike med komunikacijskimi položaji ter oblikujejo besedilne vrste oz. žanre.
How safe is our water food?
Authors:   African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, Oniang'o Ruth
Published: April 2024

I wish to use my editor’s note for issue 100 to celebrate a friend I have known for decades, as we met through the corridors of various global conferences and discourses, discussing various aspects of nutrition. One could tell from her names that she was a blend and very global. I had no idea as to who was likely to win the coveted World Food Prize 2021 and was pleasantly surprised to learn of Dr. Shakuntala Haraksingh Thilsted’s huge achievement.
Covid-19 Pandemic - Personal Encounter
Authors:   Biorisk Management Association of Kenya (BMAK), Kiiyukia Ciira
Published: April 2024

Covid-19 pandemic has been with us since beginning of the year 2020. Covid is selective and ruthless to people with other underlying diseases or conditions which would weaken the body immune system one of which is advanced age. I always consider myself healthy as I do not have any known underlying conditions and I am fairly active.
Technical Reviewer's Editorial
Authors:   University of Abomey-Calavi, Honfoga Barthelemy
Published: April 2024

Dear Scholars, Researchers and Development Specialists! Dear Readers and Sponsors of the African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development! One year ago, we launched a call for papers to inform you about how to address the devastating Covid-19 pandemic, an “invisible enemy” that was born in China and spread quickly across the whole world!
Indigenous People's Contribution to Food Systems Transformation
Authors:   African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, Karanu Mary Njeri
Published: April 2024

Across the world, there is an estimated 370-500 million indigenous people. They are distinct social and cultural groups that share collective ancestral ties to the lands and natural resources where they live, occupy, or from which they have been displaced. Indigenous peoples are often discriminated against, marginalized, and vulnerable. They include groups like the Maasai in East Africa, Pygmies of Central Africa, the San in Southern Africa, Berbers of North Africa, the Maya people of Central America, Australian Aboriginals, Maoris of New Zealand and many others
Is zero hunger achievable by 2030
Authors:   African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, Oniang'o Ruth
Published: April 2024

The UNFSS, the people’s summit is here. It has been highly anticipated, receiving huge publicity, and being interpreted in all manner of ways in terms of what it hopes to achieve. We have been told of how it is all-inclusive, and that it is not an end in itself, but that it marks the beginning of action, real action. The idea is to have everyone internalize this, to feel involved, to partner just as enshrined in Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 17 -Partnerships. All these SDGs are interlinked. They are all relevant, just as Njeri Karanu has described in her Commentary in this issue.
The Year 2021
Authors:   African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, Oniang'o Ruth
Published: April 2024

As we begin to look back on this year, 2021, each one of us reflects on what could have been. What have we been through, as a world, country, family, and at an individual level?
War in Ukraine
Authors:   African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, Oniang'o Ruth
Published: April 2024

The year is running quickly, as we continue to experience all kinds of problems worldwide. We have lost people in killer floods in South Africa, people have died in gas explosions in Nigeria and we have a bad drought in the Horn of Africa. And now see the negative impact the war between Russia and Ukraine is having on faraway continents like Africa. Just after setting forward-looking targets at some international forums, we get confronted by some other calamity. For example, just when we are trying to recover from the pandemic effects, the war in Ukraine breaks out.
Agenda 2063
Authors:   African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, Oniang'o Ruth
Published: April 2024

Agenda 2063 was adopted on January 15, 2013, at the 24th Heads of State and Government Assembly in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, the headquarters of the Organization of African Unity (OAU). This was to reaffirm Africa's commitment to embracing Africa's diverse cultures and socio-political ethos, through political and economic collaboration.
The Countless deaths due to Hunger and Starvation pandemic
Authors:   International Union of Food Science and Technology (IUFoST), Prakash Vish
Published: April 2024

The Countless deaths due to Hunger and Starvation even in the normal days is much higher than one can imagine compared to that situation now along with COVID 19 Pandemic in Africa and other regions of the world is beyond one's imagination.
How to Frame a Resilient E-Learning Strategy During & Post-COVID-19
Authors:   Riara University, Onditi Francis
Published: April 2024

As Robert Greene puts it in his work, “……...life is endless battle and conflict…..”, the success of winning any battle, lies in the ability to identify the enemy and maintain your mental power, whatever the circumstance [1]. In this article I have likened the ravages of COVID-19 to the effects of warfare.
It is difficult to retire when nearly a billion people still go to bed hungry
Authors:   African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, Oniang'o Ruth
Published: April 2024

Matters of food and nutrition security have become everyone’s concern and should have been a responsibility for all of us who care about the vulnerable, many of whom go hungry or ill-nourished for days and even years on end. That is why this journal is important. It shares all aspects of food systems with a particular focus on Africa. With over 1000 articles published in the past 20 years a lot of ground has been covered.
Political will can improve food and nutrition in Africa
Authors:   Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Rome, Italy, Lupien John
Published: April 2024

In the current sea of problems including Covid-19, economic problems in many countries and regions, the scourge of lack of access of adequate supplies of affordable food continues to cause untold, and preventable, problems. Undernutrition in children causes poor growth, lack of enough energy to perform to the best of one’s abilities in school or in daily life, disease linked to not enough food and necessary micro-nutrients, and in adults an inability to work efficiently and to many disease problems and early death.
Energy Budgeting and Efficiency Analysis of Organic Cotton: A DEA Approach
Authors: Iswarya S. , Shanmugam P.M. , Somasundaram E. , Chitdeshwari T. , Suganthy M.
Published: April 2024

Background: Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is crop of economic importance in global and national scale. India is the greatest producer of quality cotton, the third largest exporter and the second largest consumer. Conventional cotton farming creates environmental pressures and negative impact on public health. Organic farming is the sustainability option in cotton production. Cotton is the energy intensive crop, which uses high amount of input energy to produce seed cotton. Hence, energy budgeting is highly essential for better energy utilization and resource conservation and also measuring the input use efficiency of a farm/agronomic practices is vitally important in present day Indian agriculture. Methods: Sensing the economic importance of cotton, ten number of eco-friendly, ecologically safe organic nutrient management (ONM) practices were framed and field experiment was conducted in split plot design with two main plots (M) and five subplots (S) and replicated thrice. The direct and indirect energy used in different ONM practices were computed and energy coefficients were computed from energy equivalents and that has been used as inputs to generate efficiency coefficients by using an input oriented DEA approach. Result: Energy budgeting on field operation basis reported that, the field preparation and irrigation operation uses most of the energy (in non-renewable forms) which needs attention and there is the scope to find alternative energy conservation systems. Results on input use efficiency reported that the ONM practice, double green manuring followed by cotton and application of well decomposed poultry manure and foliar application of fermented fish extract at 5% concentration at 25 and 35 DAS are 100% efficient in terms of technical CRS, technical VRS, scale, allocative and cost efficiencies. This organic nutrient management practice would produce optimum output from the least amount of input and would be ideal for sustainable cotton production.
Adolescents' Attitudes and Intention to Seek Psychological Help According to the Theory of Planned Behavior
Authors: Aras Ercan , Peker Adem
Published: April 2024

Theory of planned behavior explores the factors influencing behavior, with attitude being a primary determinant. Specifically, attitude plays a crucial role in shaping the decision to seek psychological assistance. According to the theory of planned behavior, behavior is determined by one's intentions, which are influenced by attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. Various factors, including demographic, individual, and social elements such as age, gender, social stigma, self-stigmatization, self-efficacy perception, and self-disclosure, impact help-seeking behavior. Exploring these factors is vital for enhancing our understanding of psychological help-seeking behavior. Notably, attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control significantly influence adolescents' attitudes and intentions towards seeking psychological help. Negative attitudes towards seeking such help diminish the likelihood of adolescents seeking assistance, potentially leading to avoidance. Understanding the barriers to seeking psychological help is paramount for promoting adolescent mental health. Thus, this study investigates adolescents' attitudes and intentions regarding seeking psychological help through the lens of the theory of planned behavior.
Cognition and Quality of Life in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Kalaba Öznur , Cansever Güzeloğlu Özlem Merve
Published: April 2024

Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease known for its progressive prognosis which may be associated with delay in diagnosis. Its etiology can be composed of different modalities involving genetic, psychiatric, and social factors. Findings and observations from clinical settings, motor symptoms such as bradykinesia, tremor, and rigidity have been reported. In addition, non-motor symptoms, such as depression and cognitive dysfunctions have been demonstrated. Moreover, decrease in quality of life has been reported in people with Parkinson’s disease diagnosis. Although multidisciplinary studies on Parkinson's disease indicated general the molecular and radiological findings of the disease, inconsistent data are reported in terms of modalities such as cognitive functioning, depression, and quality of life. The present study aims to present the current perspective in the context of quality of life by examining the findings reported in the cognitive and psychiatric context of Parkinson's disease. According to the findings of this study, cognitive impairments that can be identified based on the course of the disease, manifesting in various forms such as attention, memory, and visual-spatial skills, negatively impact the quality of life for patients. The emergence of depression or depression-like symptoms can further decrease the overall quality of life for individuals diagnosed with Parkinson's disease.
From Modern Paradigms to Postmodern Paradigms: Therapeutic Interventions on a Journey of Change and Transformation
Authors: Yıldırım Özge , İşmen Gazioğlu Ayşe Esra
Published: April 2024

The transition from a hierarchy-based approach to therapy, in which the counselor is seen as an objective observer of the client's life; to an egalitarian counselor-client relationship-based therapy approach, which holds the client in their strengths, focuses on what the solution is, and sees the client as an expert, is a radical paradigm shift in the field of psychology. The background of this change in psychology's perspective, based on the questioning of modernism's belief that truth, knowledge and reality are universal and valid beyond all times and places. These inquiries have given birth to the postmodernist paradigm, which argues that knowledge and truth are multiple, complex and relative, that knowledge is interpreted and constructed between people. Postmodernism, which has effects in many fields such as art, architecture, cinema and literature; has led to radical changes psychology’s view on human nature, the counselor-client relationship and the therapy process. This study aims to examine modernism and postmodernism from a historical perspective, and then to discuss the reflections of postmodernism on the field of psychology. In order to achieve this aim, first of all, the emergence of modernism, its epistemology, its basic assumptions and the reflections of modernism on psychology are discussed. Afterwards, the social and epistemological changes which occured in the transition from modernism to postmodernism were examined. After examining the epistemology and assumptions of postmodernism in comparison with modernism; the general characteristics of postmodern therapies and their perspective on human nature, therapy process and counselor-client relationship are discussed. The study further provides recommendation for future directions inTurkish counseling and therapy contetxs.
Effects of Acculturation and Ethnic Identity on Immigrant Adolescents’ Mental Health
Authors: Yetim Onat
Published: April 2024

In today's world, the main problem affecting all humanity, especially children and adolescents, is the phenomenon of migration. In acculturation due to migration, the influence of dominant culture and ethnic identities on each other is discussed. Acculturation changes ethnic identities; acculturation stress experienced in this change affects adolescent mental health. In recent years, the effects of acculturation strategies preferred by majority and minority cultures on mental health and psychological well-being have been evaluated from a broad perspective. In this study, the relationships between acculturation, ethnic identity, and mental health are examined comprehensively, the literature on adolescent mental health findings is evaluated comparatively, and various suggestions are made for possible results. No systematic review study on this subject was found in the national and international literature. Early studies, in particular, found a positive relationship between adolescents' ability to identify with the dominant culture and mental health. However, today, the characteristics of the immigrant and the dominant culture are considered two-dimensionally, and it turns out that maintaining adaptation to both cultures positively affects mental health. In addition, the effectiveness of psychiatric interventions leads adoption of the society of immigrant/refugee adolescents is discussed in detail. More studies are needed to determine which acculturation processes positively affect adolescents' mental health.
A educação de jovens e adultos em hotelaria: um estudo sobre o curso técnico em hospedagem Proeja no Instituto Federal do Maranhão
Authors: Correia Jonilson Costa , Pinheiro Costa Dandara Catarina
Published: April 2024

We aim with this work to identify the profile of the students of the Proeja Course (Youth and Adult Education) in Hotel Management at IFMA - Historic Center of São Luís - MA, to map the students' conceptions about the course, during the training process, aiming to present the main demands of this process. This was qualitative research supported by quantitative elements. A questionnaire was administered on Google Forms, as it was a remote class period. The research revealed that despite advances in Youth and Adult Education in Brazil and Maranhão, there is still a lot to do. Today, students still face and overcome many problems such as reconciling study time with work and caring for their families, (re)adaptation to school writing and reading activities. But there are positive points such as the awakening of a feeling of belonging to the history of São Luís, the motivation to continue studying and enter the job market. In other words, there is a stimulus for the personal and professional growth of students.
An Analysis of the Effects of Macro-Fiscal Policy in Korea
Authors:   KOREA DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS ASSOCIATION, Kim Hyeongwoo , Cho Tae Hyung , Joo Sang Yeong , Ryu Deockhyun
Published: April 2024

This study employs a dynamic analysis to assess the effectiveness of fiscal policy on the private sector within the Korean economy, utilizing long-term macroeconomic data. To achieve this, we conduct quantitative economic empirical analysis using the vector autoregressive model under the rolling window scheme. The major takeaways of this study confirm the necessity for strong fiscal policies in the Korean economy, given a new economic normal characterized by low growth, akin to advanced economies. Furthermore, it underscores the importance of implementing a balanced policy mix that combines both monetary and fiscal measures to guide the economy effectively towards stabilization.
Does the Corporate Income Tax Cut Promote Business Investment?: An Application of Tax-adjusted Tobin q Model
Authors:   KOREA DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS ASSOCIATION, Hong Jangpyo
Published: April 2024

This paper is to investigate the effect of corporate income tax on business investment by using panel data of Korean companies between 1983 and 2022. This paper estimates tax term in the tax-adjusted q model before and after economic crisis.
The tax term estimation between 1983 and 1997 shows that the effect of corporate income tax rate on investment was strong before Korean financial crisis. Corporate income tax cut promoted significantly business investment. The estimation between 1998 and 2010 after Korean financial crisis shows that corporate income tax cut promoted moderately business investment. But the estimation between 2011 and 2022 shows that the effect of corporate income tax rate on investment is insignificantly small. Corporate income tax cut promote barely business investment after global financial crisis in 2008.
Empirical results in this paper provide the new perspective on the corporate income tax policy. The Effect of the corporate income tax cut policy on business investment decreases rapidly as tax rate decreases and tax rate cut reduces the effect of tax incentive policy, such as investment tax credit and depreciation savings on investment.
A Novel Superconducting Mechanism Derived from Room Temperature Superconductivity in Thorium Salts
Authors: Zhao Dong , Zhao George Jin
Published: April 2024

An innovative superconducting mechanism was developed based on a patented discovery of room temperature superconductivity in several thorium (Th) salts or compounds. The rationale behind this discovery is through the experimental results about the unique electronical and magnetic properties of these Th salts. Accordingly, this new superconducting mechanism for these Th salts was obtained through the analyses of the compounds’ molecular configurations and the packings of their relevant crystal structures. Owing to the distinctive properties of the Th compounds in this discovery, we further established a different electron pairing scheme as opposed to the pairing of the Cooper pairs. Compared to the long distance electron pairing of the Cooper pairs, the new electron pairing in our mechanism is constructed by two closely correlated electrons that reside on the same atomic orbital of the Th cation as an electron lone pair. In this new superconducting mechanism, the Th cation is sitting on a relevant crystallographic lattice arrangement or a network of the relevant Th compounds. This network is constructed by many Th cations along certain crystallographic lattice arrangement where each Th cation contains one electron lone pair. This network allows the electron lone pairs on the Th cations to be delocalized over the network, “in pair”, and thus, reveals the electron lone pair in presence in a long distance fashion. The closely correlated electron lone pairs hop on this network and thus construct the supercurrent over the network. This explanation about the superconductivity laid the basis for our superconducting mechanism. All these conclusions came from the previous studies about these compounds that illustrated their unusual features of a coexistence of high electrical conductivity and diamagnetism. These electrical and magnetic properties fall in line with that of superconductors but, surprisingly, these Th compounds have such properties at the ambient condition, meaning under room temperature and atmosphere pressure. We expect that this mechanism may be appropriate to be utilized to other superconducting cases and therefore, can be adapted to describe the superconducting phenomenon for other superconductors.