bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unusual finding on bone scintigraphy: Cerebral 99m-tc mdp involvement
Authors: Ekinci Edanur , Kalender Ebuzer , Çayırlı Yusuf Burak
Published: September 2024

99mTc-MDP (99mTc-methylene diphosphonate) uptake in the brain parenchyma was observed in the scintigraphic imaging of a 56 years old male patient with renal cell carcinoma (RCC), who was referred to our clinic for metastasis screening due to widespread bone pain. Uptake of 99mTc-MDP in the brain parenchyma in bone scintigraphy is a rare finding. This case is presented to reveal the causes of cerebral 99mTc-MDP involvement.
Integrating SQA into the Robotic Software Development Lifecycle
Authors: Mohammed Rahimoddin
Published: September 2024

Software Quality Assurance (SQA) is integrated into the robotic software development lifecycle to improve robotic system dependability, safety, and performance in this research. The main goals are finding gaps in existing SQA procedures, presenting a specialized SQA integration architecture, and solving robotics difficulties, including hardware-software Integration, real-time processing, and machine learning validation; the research evaluates current SQA methodologies and proposes changes using secondary data from the literature, industry reports, and technical publications. Due to their intricate interconnections, hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing, real-time performance assessments, and automated Testing are crucial to the robotic system SQA. The report also notes resource requirements for extensive testing and simulation fidelity. Policy implications include standardizing testing techniques, investing in new simulation technology, and establishing safety and compliance regulations. The suggested paradigm addresses these difficulties to help design more dependable and competent robotic systems, improving robotics and its applications.
Tackling the radiotherapy (RT) shortage in Sub-Saharan Africa by gathering and using data from LMICs and HICs facilities for designing a future robust RT facility
Authors: Dosanjh Manjit
Published: September 2024

Purpose Historically, highly sophisticated medical linear accelerators (linacs) produced for high- (HIC) and upper-middle-income country (MIC) markets frequently experience significant additional operational failures in low- and lower-middle-income countries (LMICs). This study focuses on LMICs in Africa where there is a substantial equipment shortfall, projected to be a gap by 2040 of about 5000 linacs. The purpose of this study was to gain an insight into the poor performance of linac components, the unreliable infrastructure often encountered in LMICs and the consequent linac-related treatment downtime. Methods and Materials A questionnaire was sent to at least one cancer center in each of the 28 African countries that had experience treating cancer patients with linacs at the time of the survey (4 more countries have acquired linacs) since we completed this survey. For comparison questionnaires were sent to selected facilities in four high-income countries (Canada, Switzerland, UK, US) and to Jordan, a middle-income country. To investigate factors influencing linac downtime, we first utilised flow diagrams to illustrate the dependence of linac subsystem performance on infrastructural/environmental factors, the availability of spare parts and local repair capability. Secondly, a univariate analysis correlated linac downtime with factors such as method of linac fault diagnosis and staffing. Finally, a multivariate analysis investigated the relationship between GDP per capita and cancer mortality to incidence ratio statistics and compared these with the surveyed linac downtime across low-, middle- and high- income countries. Results Responses to the survey confirmed significant multi-factorial issues that influence the extent of linac downtime especially the performance of multi-leaf collimators, electron guns, vacuum systems, RF power and software. Other challenges include electrical power instability, inadequate national funding (GDP/capita), and workforce capability as well as a significant shortfall in formal education and training programmes for the radiation therapy (RT) workforce. Conclusion This survey identified numerous modes of radiotherapy (RT) equipment failure causing treatment downtime in LMICs that can be overcome by improvements in the design of RT technology but they need to be accompanied by increased RT staff training, improved broadband access and increased annual national funding for RT. The collaborative network of linac-based RT facilities in 28 1 * African countries that was developed to conduct this study is available for further investigations as RT capacity and capability improve in Africa.
Endocrine disruptors: Effect on the intestinal microbiota as a cause of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Márquez Pedro
Published: September 2024

With lifestyles changes, chronic non-communicable diseases are the new pandemic of this century. This includes diabetes, that even if it exists a polygenic genetic predisposition, the effect of epigenetics is more relevant. Among the epigenetic conditions are endocrine disruptors, to which human being have high exposure in daily life, these can damage multiple organs such as the intestinal microbiota, generating toxicity and predisposing to development of the disease. The goal of the article is to discuss the mechanisms of endocrine disruptors that can affect our health, particularly in terms of the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus due to intestinal dysbiosis. Taking in to account that we are in permanent contact to these, directly or indirectly, substances such as pesticides, plastics, medications, sweeteners, among others can be taken as endocrine disruptors.
Time for Tea: Representations of Postcolonial and Chinese Diaspora Culture and Identity in Chuah Guat Eng’s Echoes of Silence
Authors: Zach Goh Cheng Fai,
Published: September 2024

Tea, the second most consumed beverage in the world, originates from China, and was then brought all over the world through trade, affecting the many different cultures that it encounters along the way. The way a person takes their tea can often reveal parts of their cultural identity and upbringing. This paper aims to examine the representations of the hybrid identities of the Chinese Diaspora in Malaysia through a close reading of tea scenes and tea culture in Chuah Guat Eng’s first novel, Echoes of Silence: A Malaysian Novel, first published in 1994. The novel explores the complex race relations and postcolonial politics and identity in Malaysia and provides an excellent springboard for the examination of Malaysian literary cultural politics, as well as postcolonial issues such as cultural hybridity, and the way that culture spreads and is spread from one part of the world to another and is manifested in diaspora identities. Through such an exploration, I hope to examine the negotiation between the hybridizing culture of being overseas Chinese as well as a British subject simultaneously in relation to representations of tea consumption and culture in Anglophone literature, which may provide more insight into the mentality of Anglophone Malaysian writers concerning issues of cultural identity and diaspora.
Critical Discourse Analysis of Japanese Mainstream Media Reports on China’s Aid to Africa: Based on Corpus Data
Authors: Chen Bangni
Published: September 2024

This paper conducts a comprehensive quantitative and qualitative analysis of coverage on China’s aid to Africa by the mainstream Japanese media, Asahi Shimbun, using corpus linguistics and Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis model. The study collected relevant news articles from Asahi Shimbun published between 1984 and 2023. Using the timeline of the coverage as a framework, it carried out statistical analyses, including word frequency analysis, co-occurrence analysis, and correlation analysis, accompanied by visualization techniques. By integrating historical context, the study explores the linguistic features and evolving focal points across different periods of reporting. Through analyzing word frequency, keyword indexing, collocations, and grammatical structures, the study reveals the underlying meaning of the discourse, exposing Japan’s ideology and discourse power structure within the media’s narrative. This research offers new perspectives and methodologies for exploring the interplay between media, international relations, and development aid.
Research on Product Design of Face Pareidolia
Authors: Yang Lai-Fen , Cheng Yueh-Hsiu
Published: September 2024

Pareidolia means that the brain sees a meaningful shape in a meaningless thing when it receives a blurred picture from the outside world. Face Pareidolia has become an effective design method in the field of design to enhance product interest, attract attention, and convey emotional characteristics. This study’s purpose is to explore whether there are differences in product design with pareidolia in different categories, and how the appearance of emotional faces affects product perception. Shopee, MOMO, and PChome 24h are the top three shopping websites in Taiwan. Used as the search platform for the number of product samples. Products with facial pareidolia (Face Pareidolia) are classified into three main categories: household appliances, 3C audio-visual, and home decoration accessories. From each category, select 8 photos of products with fantasy facial features. Scored by the Product Semantic Difference Scale. After collecting 93 valid questionnaires. Among the three product types with application illusions, the 3C audio-visual category presents a more technological sense of product tonality. And there are obvious differences with the other two types of products. Emotional appearance design can have an impact on the semantics of the product, and strengthen the perception of 「seriousness, toughness, coldness, and sense of technology」, while its 「interestingness and delicacy」 are less affected by emotional appearance.
Adaptándonos al cambio: de los Materiales Avanzados a la Educación del Futuro
Authors:   Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Merino Guijarro Sonia
Published: September 2024

Lección inaugural del solemne acto de apertura del Curso Académico 2024/2025 de la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. Paraninfo Universitario "Luis Arroyo". Ciudad Real, 18 de septiembre de 2024
Análise da viabilidade financeira e econômica do agroextrativismo da amêndoa do baru (Dipteryx alata Vogel) no Vale do Rio Urucuia, Arinos/MG
Authors: Valadão Gabriel , Souza Álvaro Nogueira de Souza
Published: September 2024

O baruzeiro (Dipteryx alata) desempenha um papel vital na conservação do Cerrado. Suas amêndoas são valorizadas pelo alto valor nutricional e pela crescente demanda por produtos da sociobiodiversidade, gerando renda para agroextrativistas. Este estudo analisa a viabilidade do extrativismo do baru no Vale do Rio Urucuia, Arinos/MG. Por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, foram coletados dados financeiros e econômicos das safras de 2013-2014. Foram calculados custos, receitas e o fluxo de caixa com base na volatilidade da produção em diferentes cenários. Os resultados indicaram que o extrativismo é financeiramente viável na maioria dos indicadores de rentabilidade, exceto para agroextrativistas médios na safra de 2014, devido ao aumento do custo da mão de obra. A simulação da viabilidade econômica para 10 anos, incluindo investimentos, mostrou que o extrativismo é viável apenas em cenários de associação entre agroextrativistas. Assim, estratégias de cooperação e organização comunitária são essenciais para a viabilidade do extrativismo do baru.
The three years’ experience of long and very long chain fatty acid analysis
Authors: Gök Gamze , Bal Ceylan , Akbulut Emiş Deniz , Uzdoğan Andaç , Yilmaz Gulsen , Erel Özcan
Published: September 2024

Amaç: Kolesterol esterleri, sfingolipidler ve gliserolipitler gibi hücresel lipitler, Yağ asitleri (YA) içerir. YA'lar birçok canlı yapıda yer almakta ve YA'lar bazı hastalıkların teşhisinde ve incelenmesinde kullanılmaktadır. 22 veya daha fazla karbon atomu içeren YA'lar çok uzun zincirli yağ asitleri (ÇUZYA'lar) olarak tanımlanır. Bu çalışmada Ankara Bilkent Şehir Hastanesi'nin ÇUZYA analiz verilerinin sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesi ve literatüre katkı sunulması amaçlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmaya toplam 5973 C22:0, 5973 C24:0, 5973 C26:0, 5664 fitanik asit ve 5658 pristanik asit analiz sonucu ile 5973 C24/C22 ve 5658 C26/C22 oranları dahil edildi. VLCFA analizi, Eureka ve Obikrom kitleri ile SHIMADZU Gaz Kromatograf Kütle Spektrometresi (GCMS) QP2010 SE sisteminde gerçekleştirildi. Ankara Bilkent Şehir Hastanesi Biyokimya Laboratuvarında 01/01/2020 ile 31/12/2022 tarihleri arasında yapılan analiz sonuçları dahil edildi.
Bulgular: Pozitif sonuçlar; C22:0 için 207 (%3.5), C24:0 için 149 (%2.5), C24:0/C22:0 oranı için 340 (%5.7), C26:0 için 111 (%1.9), 158 (%2.9) C26:0/C22:0 oranı için, Fitanik Asit için 89 (%1.6) ve Pristanik Asit için 8 (%0.1) idi. Erkek grupta C22:0 (p
Results of surgical treatment of posterior cranial fossa meningiomas
Authors: Kopylov I. S. , Buzunov A. V. , Stupak V. V.
Published: September 2024

Surgery of meningiomas of the posterior cranial fossa, due to its small volume and close anatomical relationship of neoplasms with the brain stem, cranial nerves, main arteries and venous collectors, remains one of the urgent problems of neurooncology. Despite the improvement of microsurgical techniques and neurophysiological control, maintaining a high level of quality of life after radical removal of meningiomas is still far from desired. Purpose of the study. Retrospective analysis and generalization of clinical results of surgical treatment of patients with meningiomas of the posterior cranial fossa. Material and methods. The paper analyzes the results of surgical treatment of 101 patient with meningiomas of the posterior cranial fossa of various localization (80 women (79.2 %) and 21 men (20.7 %), age 58.26 ± 1.00 years). According to the localization of meningiomas, they were distributed as follows: convexital – 49 (48.5 %), cerebellopontine angle – 22 (21.8 %), jugular foramen – 4 (4 %), petroclival – 16 (15.8 %), foramen magnum – 10 (9.9 %). Results. All patients underwent surgical removal of the formation. In 99 (98 %) one-stage and in 2 (1.9 %) cases of additional surgical intervention, in the form of external drainage according to Arendt and ventriculoperitoneal shunting, due to frolicking liquorodynamic disorders. Radical removal of meningioma (grade I according to Simpson scale) was achieved in 72 (71.3 %) of cases, tumor resection with coagulation of the tumor matrix zone (Simpson II) – in 21 (20.8 %), removal without resection and coagulation of the matrix, or leaving the extradural component of meningiomas (Simpson III) – in 8 (7.9 %). Conclusions. The results obtained on the basis of the complex use of modern neuroimaging diagnostic tools, microneurosurgery, optimal surgical approaches in combination with the mandatory intraoperative physiological control of the function of the brain stem and cranial nerves in the early postoperative period indicate an improvement in the functional state, and sometimes complete regression of the neurological symptoms in 58 (57.4 %) of operated patients. Complete regression of symptoms and restoration of the functional state was achieved in 30 (29.7 %) of cases, deterioration was noted in 17 (16.8 %) of the operated patients, mortality was 4.95 % (n = 5).
Features of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the prevalence of certain respiratory diseases of infections etiology
Authors: Sorokin I. A. , Nikolskaya M. V. , Melnikov V. L.
Published: September 2024

The aim of the study was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of respiratory infections of the population of Penza region in different age groups. Material and methods. The analysis of statistical reporting data (Form 12) on the number of diseases in the service area of the medical organization in Penza region was carried out. Information was sampled on respiratory diseases of infectious etiology for the period from 2015 to 2022 and on COVID-19 morbidity in the period from 2020 to 2022 among patients of different age periods. The data is presented as a calculation per 100 thousand population. Results. In 2020, compared to 2019, there was a pronounced increase in the number of respiratory diseases (p = 0.000) in adults; in 2021, the incidence decreased slightly, being higher until 2022 than in the period before the pandemic (p = 0.000). Among children and adults, there was an increase in the incidence of acute respiratory infections in 2022 compared to 2015 (p < 0.001). Peak incidence of croup and epiglottitis among children and adolescents was observed in 2020. The incidence of COVID-19 among adolescents (8339.6) and adults (7678.5) was significantly higher than the incidence among children (5949.9) (p = 0.000). Discussion. Respiratory diseases of infectious etiology have an acute course, so primary morbidity predominates. In adults, the proportion of primary morbidity is decreasing, which may be related to an increase in chronic diseases of the respiratory system. The weak impact of the pandemic on pediatric respiratory diseases incidence is supported by the low pediatric incidence of COVID-19. The increased incidence of COVID-19 among adolescents is alarming; it supports the assumption that child and young adult populations have proven to be major gateways for the spread of COVID-19 to adults. The high incidence of croup and epiglottitis in 2020 among children (p = 0.024) and adolescents could be one of the symptoms of COVID-19 characteristic of younger age. Conclusions. COVID-19 had no effect on the increase in respiratory disease among children, but children contributed to the spread of infection among adults. There is a trend towards an increase in chronic respiratory disease in adults. RBD of infectious etiology is almost impossible to predict, except for acute laryngitis and tracheitis among adults. In adolescents and children against the background of COVID-19 infection, a large number of more severe symptoms may appear.
A case series of atraumatic nonaneurysmal perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhages triggered during exertion at altitude
Authors: Smith Austin T
Published: September 2024

Background: Nonaneurysmal perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage (NAPH) is a form of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) occurring predominantly in the perimesencephalic region, in the absence of an aneurysm or other source of bleeding on diagnostic angiography. The underlying cause of NAPH remains unclear. Case report: Herein, we describe three patients who developed NAPH during strenuous activity in the absence of trauma after traveling to an altitude of approximately 7,500 feet. The patients were treated conservatively without any residual neurological deficits.Conclusions: This case series suggests that hypoxia and vigorous exercise could be risk factors for NAPH. Patients traveling to higher altitudes should be counseled to increase their exercise intensity gradually.
Pressure and Temperature during the Shroud Image Formation
Authors: Fazio Giovanni , Callipari Rosanna
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we investigate the trend of Pressure and Temperature during the Shroud Body Image formation. The Pressure is constant with different values on the two images. The Temperature of the corpse decreases to reach the thermal equilibrium. The first parameter acts on the dorsal image that becomes a contact image. The decrease of the second parameter leads to trigger a stochastic process.
MENGUNGKAP MISPERSEPSI SISWA MADRASAH ALIYAH ATAS TUDUHAN NEPOTISME TERHADAP KHALIFAH UTSMAN BIN AFFAN (644-656 M)
Authors: Fahlevi Kresna Azhi , Fatiyah Fatiyah
Published: September 2024

The learning process at the Madrasah Aliyah level which is based on the 2013 Curriculum is carried out using teaching material books provided by the government. One of them is the Student's Book of Islamic History and Culture for Class X Students of Madrasah Aliyah. Unfortunately, in discussing the history of accusations of nepotism against Caliph Uthman bin Affan there are still articles that need further explanation. However, the fact is that this discussion point is often ignored, causing misperceptions among students, even after graduation. This study uses historical research methodologies and library research studies. This study is also part of the study of the history of the Islamic world to complement and dig deeper into the accusations of nepotism leveled against Caliph Uthman bin Affan in the class X MA SKI book which is the background to the emergence of misperceptions among students. Several student books compiled by the Ministry of Religion became the main reference to be later clarified with various other sources such as works by Khalid Muhammad Khalid and other works. Based on the results of the study, Uthman bin Affan did not commit nepotism without certain considerations so that the act of nepotism that he did was considered something that was permissible in Islam. Starting from here, the role of the government, schools and students themselves is very important to prevent the emergence of misunderstandings based on strategies related to textbooks
Dari Benteng Kuto Gawang Ke Kuto Besak : Analisis Faktor Politik Pada Tahun 1780
Authors: R.M. Apriza Zulkarnain
Published: September 2024

This study describes the change of Kuto Gawang Fortress to Kuto Besak in 1780 Palembang City. This study uses political theory, from an antropological point of view there is a politics that occurs gradually. This method uses historical methods for sistematic and objective reconstruction of the past through the stages of data collection, evaluation, verification, synthesizing evidence of fact, and obtaining evidence of strong conclusions. The method approach uses qualitative research method which are literature reviews both journals, magazines, and the internet. The data used is using primary data and secondary data. Data collection techniques, observation, interview documentation. The conclusion of this research us that Kuto Besak and Kuto Gawang forts are one of the historical relics of the past in the city of Palembang. The Kuto Gawang palace which was founded by Ki Gede Ing Suro who was a follower of Aria Jipang who fled to Palembang from 1552 to 1659 Kuto Gawang was destroyed by the Dutch.
Primbon Pernikahan Masyarakat Jawa Desa Suka Mulia Kecamatan Tungkal Ilir Kabupaten Banyuasin
Authors: Rahayu Ramadani
Published: September 2024

This study describes the meaning of primbon in marriage in Javanese society in Suka Start Village, Tunggal Ilir District, Banyuasin Regency through cultural diffusion as well as describing marriage according to Islam. Primbon are the prophecies of the ancestors of the Javanese people that have been preserved until now and have spread due to transmigration during the Suharto people's government. Evidence of the existence of primbon can be found from Javanese primbon books that regulate people's lives. The framework of thought is needed to provide an explanation of the object (variable) of the subject matter in order to be more detailed, the main issues include: 1. The religious system of the people in Suka Mulia Village towards Javanese tradition and the way of primbon calendar in general. In this study there are several stages of data collection methods, history, such as observation, interviews, documentation and data analysis to reveal a research regularly and accurately. The theory used in this study uses the symbol theory, because primbon is part of a symbol that has its own meaning for the Javanese people. The object/variable to be studied is interpreting the marriage primbon script and the meaning of the primbon which has symbols. The results of this study reveal that in determining a good day (in this study, the matter of marriage), Javanese people believe in ancient primbon and predictions of good days in the implementation of marriage and the consequences of these violations so that primbon has an important meaning for the Javanese people.
THE FORMATION OF ISLAMIC PARTIES IN POST-INDEPENDENCE INDONESIA
Authors: Fajar Arif , Nabila Nabila , Nasikhin Nasikhin , Fihris Fihris
Published: September 2024

This study aims to explain the formation of Islamic parties that were formed after independence, and to look at the political reality of Islamic parties from the Old Order to the New Order. Islamic political position in that period was relatively weak. Islamic parties at that time it was a minority political group in state institutions. As a minority group, they only play a driving role in giving an Islamic style to political developments in Indonesia as a logical consequence that must be accepted in the reality of political history. Only adapting to the new political system and order under one command. By using the literature study method, this study shows that; (1) Islamic parties that were established after independence (2) Dynamics of post-independence socio-cultural conditions (3) Post-independence government systems (4) Da'wah strategies carried out by Islamic parties (5) Challenges faced by Islamic parties when post-independence (6) Figures and Ulama' who influenced the post-independence period. This study is important to add to sources of study of Islamic history in Indonesia, especially the scarcity of themes regarding the formation of post-independence Islamic parties
Assessment of Agricultural Drought Using Vegetation Condition Index and Vegetation Health Index in Niger River Basin, Nigeria
Authors: Abubakar Muhammad Lawal , Ahmed Muhammad Sambo , Abdussalam Auwal Farouk
Published: September 2024

Soil moisture indicates the dryness of the ground surface. This phenomenon is directly tied to vegetation quality and Land Surface Temperature in a specific place. As a result, these characteristics indirectly describe the dryness of the ground surface. This study assessed agricultural drought in Niger River in Nigeria. Data used include MODIS driven MOD13Q1 (NDVI), and MOD11A2 (LST) datasets obtained from Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center. These datasets were used to compute Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) in Niger River Basin, Nigeria. Additionally, correlation and regression analyses were used to check the relationship between LST and NDVI. Results revealed that the mean NDVI for the year 2002 is 0.494, 0.477 in 2007, 0.468 in 2012, 0.458 in 2017 and 0.430 in 2022. The mean LST in Niger River Basin for year 2002 is 32.28 oC, 32.12 oC in 2007, 32.35 oC in 2012, 33.20 oC in 2017 and 33.41 oC in 2022. For the statistical relationship between NDVI and LST, results exhibited negative correlation, with -0.33 in 2002, -0.43 in 2007, -0.42 in 2012, -0.36 in 2017 and -0.27 in 2022. For the VCI results, findings revealed that the mean VCI in the basin was 83.73 in 2002, 64.26 in 2007, 56.76 in 2012, 45.32 in 2017, and 14.93 in 2023. Also, the VHI results revealed that the mean VHI in the basin was 75.44 in 2002, 69.54 in 2007, 61.02 in 2010, 37.22 in 2017 and 18.87 in 2022. The study therefore concluded that vegetation is decreasing in the basin, while land surface temperature is increasing.
Impactos do contexto da Covid-19 na dimensão onírica
Authors: Passiani Enio , Santos Harlon Romariz Rabelo , Moraes Weslley Daniel Bueno
Published: September 2024

Este artigo procura, fundamentalmente, cumprir dois objetivos articulados: a) apresentar uma tipologia acerca dos estudos sociológicos dos sonhos, uma área relativamente escanteada no interior da sociologia, apesar de contar com variada abordagem desde os seus primórdios; b) e, em seguida, posicionar nossa própria pesquisa frente a tal classificação a partir da coleta de dados empíricos, sua descrição estatística e interpretação, de modo a demonstrar certas relações entre a dimensão subjetiva da vida, particularmente a onírica, e um conjunto de atravessamentos sociais, como pertencimento socioeconômico, gênero e raça durante a pandemia da Covid-19, especialmente no Brasil Meridional.
Using the Theory of Planned Behavior to Explore Factors Associated with the Behavior of Consuming Blood Booster Tablets Among Adolescent Girls in Bantul Regency
Authors: Retno Heru Setyorini  , Era Revika
Published: September 2024

Background: Providing iron and folic acid through the ingestion of blood booster tablets is an intervention to lower the prevalence of anemia in adolescents. However, just a small percentage of adolescent girls have consumed blood booster tablets as prescribed. Aims: To identify the factors related to the behavior of consuming blood booster tablets among adolescent girls in Bantul Regency based on the Theory of Planned Behavior. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in Bantul Regency, a Special Region of Yogyakarta Province, between March and May 2023. A total of 381 adolescent girls aged 16-18 years participated in filling out questionnaires to collect data. The questionnaire includes socio-demographics, knowledge about blood booster tablets and anemia, attitudes, subjective norms, intentions, and behaviors of consuming blood booster tablets. Path Analysis was used to analyze the data with statistical significance (p) at 0.05. Result: As a result, intention directly influences the behavior of consuming blood booster tablets (p=˂0.001). Subjective norms have a direct influence on the behavior of consuming blood booster tablets (p=0.023) and have an indirect influence through attitudes (p˂0.001) and intentions (p˂0.001). Attitude has an indirect influence on the behavior of consuming blood booster tablets through intention (˂0.001), then the level of knowledge has an indirect influence on intention (p=0.037) and attitude (p=0.032). Conclusion: Adolescent girls will have good consumption behavior of blood booster tablets if they have a positive attitude, a high level of knowledge, subjective norms, and high intentions. These findings can be used to design health promotion models useful for increasing the consumption behavior of blood booster tablets. Further research is needed to find the right educational model to increase knowledge, attitudes, subjective norms, and intentions to consume blood booster tablets.
Bilateral Subconjunctival Hemorrhage (SCH) Following Delivery
Authors: Kamal Ronik Harsono , Dwinastiti Yasmine Ayu
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Subconjunctival hemorrhage (SCH) occurs when blood enters from the conjunctival or episcleral blood vessels into the subconjunctival space. SCH is classified as traumatic and non-traumatic (NTSCH). Microvascular diseases and increased intraabdominal pressure are associated with NTSCH; consequently, SCH can develop after vaginal delivery. However, reports regarding postpartum SCH are still scarce. This study aims to enhance awareness and comprehension of postpartum SCHs rather than minimize their significance. Case Presentation: A 17-year-old female presented with bilateral redness in both eyes one day post-delivery with no other ocular complaints. There were no complications in pregnancy and labor. The patient had no medical history of anticoagulant usage, trauma, hypertension, or blood disorders. Ophthalmic examination revealed visual acuity 20/20 on both eyes and bilateral subconjunctival hemorrhage, while other examinations were unremarkable. Treatment included a cold compress for 24 hours, followed by warm compresses every two hours on both eyes. Pharmacological therapy included artificial tears and naphazoline eye drops. Conclusions: Increased intra-abdominal pressure during labor can contribute to SCHs. While spontaneous resolution is common, accurate differentiation of SCH etiology is crucial for effective management. Obstetricians and ophthalmologists must collaborate to identify risk factors early, including routine eye screenings during the perinatal period, to enhance patient comfort and safety. Furthermore, additional research endeavors and investigations are necessary to deepen our understanding of the frequency and risk factors associated with postpartum SCHs and to develop effective prevention and treatment measures.
Guerra, prisioneiros e inimigos em Roma Antiga
Authors: Ortu Rosanna
Published: September 2024

O presente contributo propõe-se a analisar a concepção jurídica das guerras, dos inimigos e do status dos prisioneiros no mundo romano, além das noções técnico-jurídicas de bellum iustum e hostis, e com referência específica também ao estudo do status jurídico das presas dos piratas, em relação ao qual se pode hipotetizar, a partir dos dados contidos nas fontes, a existência de uma condição de escravidão de fato.
Sandwich-structured electrospun polyvinylidene difluoride sensor for structural health monitoring of glass fiber reinforced polymer composites
Authors: Lin Haokun , Peng Yunsong , Zhang Fengjia , Ke Xucheng , Sai Liman , Wang Feifei , Zhou Helezi , Zheng Nan , Huang Zhigao , Zhou Huamin
Published: September 2024

Stress monitoring and interlaminar failure detection attract much attention in glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) structural health monitoring area. However, due to limitations of sensing or electrode materials, existing embedding sensors cannot be designed to have both of the abilities without sacrificing mechanical properties. This work fabricated a sandwich-structured sensor, which is composed of three layers of electrospun polyvinylidene difluoride membranes. The upper and lower electrodes are flexible membranes that ensure stable signal collection in the rigid GFRP material system. The sensor can quantitatively monitor the stress based on piezoelectric effect, and interlaminar crack propagation based on parallel plate capacitors. The voltage and capacitance values have a linear relationship with the stress level and crack length (R-square of the functions is 0.999 and 0.933), respectively. Due to the porous microstructure of electrospun membranes, polymer matric can well infiltrate the polyvinylidene difluoride nanofibers while preparing the sensor embedded GFRP. Thus, the perfect bonding of the sensor within GFRP ensures the effective sensing abilities until sample failure and negligible effect (< -7%) on the mechanical properties of GFRP.
WATER PURIFICATION FROM HEAVY METAL IONS USING LIME AND PHMG
Authors: Nyzhnyk Taras
Published: September 2024

The method of metal ions' chemical precipitation using polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG) and calcium oxide (CaO) was employed for extracting metal ions from concentrated solutions. The order of reagent introduction was found to be crucial in the extraction process, with the best extraction efficiency observed when PHMG was added to water before CaO. This order of addition facilitated the polyelectrolyte effect, resulting in the unfolded conformation of macromolecules and enhancing their interaction with metal ions in solution. Optimal dosage ranges were determined, coinciding with the concentration interval of the polyelectrolyte effect, which maximized the flocculation ability and complex formation of PHMG. The combined use of PHMG and CaO, along with variations in pH, achieved high degrees of metal ion removal (>99%) in a single stage of solution treatment, except for chromium (Cr3+) and cobalt (Co2+). The surface activity of PHMG and ability to transfer metal ions as metal-polymer complexes supported its use in the flotation method for extracting heavy metal ions from low-concentration aqueous solutions. The kinetics of PHMG and metal ion removal by flotation showed rapid binding of metal ions to polymer macromolecules, and regression equations were established to describe the kinetics. The residual concentrations of metal ions after flotation met regulatory sanitary and environmental requirements for wastewater and drinking water.
A two-stage scheme for heavy metal ion extraction was developed, involving chemical precipitation and flotation extraction, with a pilot plant designed and manufactured for testing. During wastewater treatment in an electroplating production setting, metal ion concentrations that complied with regulatory standards were achieved.
Uji Toksisitas Tiga Varietas Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb) sebagai Kandidat Antikanker dengan Metode BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test)
Authors: Nurcholis Waras
Published: September 2024

Temulawak merupakan tumbuhan dengan nilai ekspor tertinggi. Temulawak juga dapat tumbuh serta beradaptasi di berbagai habitat. Temulawak bermanfaat sebagai antiinflamasi dan ekstrak kurkuminoid temulawak berpotensi sebagai antikanker. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek toksisitas dan kandungan fitokimia dari tiga (3) varietas temulawak, yaitu Cursina 1, Cursina 2, dan Cursina 3. Metode yang digunakan untuk uji toksisitas secara kuantitatif yaitu dengan brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT). Senyawa yang toksik berdasarkan metode BSLT seringkali berkorelasi positif sebagai antikanker. Uji toksisitas dalam penelitian ini ditentukan oleh nilai LC50 atau mortalitas larva udang yang telah terpapar sampel selama 24 jam. Selain itu, dilakukan uji skrining fitokimia secara kualitatif. Skrining Fitokimia adalah cara mengidentifikasi bioaktif yang belum tampak dalam suatu uji yang dapat memisahkan bahan alam yang mengandung fitokimia. Skrining ini terdiri dari uji alkaloid, fenol, flavonoid, saponin, tannin, triterpenoid dan steroid. Ketiga Ekstrak (Cursina 1, Cursina 2, dan Cursina 3) menunjukkan aktivitas ketoksikan dalam uji toksisitas jika ekstrak dapat menyebabkan kematian 50% hewan uji pada konsentrasi <1000 ppm. Hasil analisis fitokimia temulawak positif mengandung metabolit sekunder seperti alkaloid, fenol, flavonoid, saponin, tanin, dan triterpenoid.  Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan perubahan warna pada larutan sampel temulawak setelah perlakuan. Berdasarkan uji ANOVA, hasil yang signifikan memiliki nilai p<0,05. Namun data yang diperoleh tidak signifikan karena menghasilkan nilai p>0,05. Suatu ekstrak dikatakan sangat toksik jika  LC50 ≤ 30 mg/L, dikatakan toksik jika nilai LC50 ≤ 1.000 mg/L, dan dikatakan tidak toksik jika nilai LC50 >1.000 mg/L. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa sampel Cursina 3 memiliki tingkat toksisitas yang lebih besar dibandingkan Cursina 1 dan Cursina 3.
Respon Beberapa Varietas Tebu Komersial Terhadap Hama Uret Lepidiota stigma F.
Authors: Putra Lilik Koesmihartono
Published: September 2024

Hama uret Lepidiota stigma merupakan hama utama di perkebunan tebu lahan kering bertekstur pasir.  Untuk mengendalian uret, para pekebun tebu umumnya bertumpu pada penggunaan insektisida granuler, namun tingkat efikasinya cenderung masih rendah. Penanaman varietas yang tahan atau toleran merupakan alternatif pengendalian yang dapat dikembangkan dan dipadukan dengan cara pengendalian lainnya. Informasi respon varietas tebu komersial terhadap L. stigma masih sangat terbatas dan pemuliaan tebu yang secara khusus ditujukan untuk ketahanan terhadap uret belum dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon varietas tebu komersial yaitu BL, PS 862, PS 881, KK dan PS 091 terhadap hama uret L. stigma. Penelitian dilaksanakan di rumah kaca Pusat Penelitian Perkebunan Gula Indonesia, Pasuruan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 3 ulangan. Setiap unit percobaan terdiri dari lima tanaman tebu per varietas yang masing-masing ditanam dalam pot berdiameter ± 30 cm. Ketika tebu berumur dua bulan tiga ekor larva L. stigma instar ke-2 diinfestasikan pada setiap pot. Dua minggu kemudian dilakukan pengamatan awal dengan mengukur tinggi tanaman dan menilai gejala kerusakan tanaman. Penilaian kerusakan tanaman baik di atas maupun di bawah permukaan tanah dilakukan dengan sistem rating. Pengamatan dilakukan secara desktruktif dengan cara mengambil satu pot untuk setiap unit percobaan.  Setelah pengamatan awal dilakukan aplikasi insektisida diazinon untuk membunuh uret dan membiarkan tanaman tumbuh dengan dipelihara sesuai standar.  Pengamatan tinggi tanaman dan gejala kerusakan tananaman dilakukan kembali pada 1, 2, 3 dan 4 minggu setelah aplikasi insektisida. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelima varietas yang diuji memberikan respon yang berbeda terhadap serangan hama uret L. stigma. Varietas BL dan KK menunjukkan respon lebih tahan dibandingkan varietas lain yang diuji. Varietas PS 862 dan PS 881 menunjukkan tingkat ketahanan sedang dan varietas PS 091 menunjukkan respon rentan.
The Impact of Environmental, Social, and Governance Disclosure on the Performance of Saudi Arabian Companies: Evidence from the Top 100 Non-Financial Companies Listed on Tadawul
Authors: Hussain Maha Abu , Alsayegh Maha Faisal , Boshnak Helmi A.
Published: September 2024

This study investigated the relationship between environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosure and the performance of Saudi Arabian companies. We analysed panel data from the 100 non-financial companies listed on the Saudi stock exchange (Tadawul) from 2017 to 2022. Using fixed effects, random effects, and generalised method of moments (GMM) models to account for endogeneity concerns, we examined the impact of ESG disclosure on the return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), and Tobin’s Q. An ESG index was constructed through principal component analysis of individual environmental, social, and governance scores. Our results indicate a significant positive relationship between ESG disclosure and companies’ key performance variables across all models. These findings are consistent with stakeholder theory and signalling theory, suggesting that comprehensive ESG practices can lead to better financial performance and serve as a positive signal to stakeholders. The study also reveals sector-specific differences, with non-manufacturing firms showing stronger positive relationships between ESG disclosure and performance measures compared to manufacturing firms. Additionally, we find that firm size, age, and liquidity are important factors influencing the ESG–performance relationship. This research contributes to the growing literature on ESG and corporate performance in emerging markets, offering valuable insights for policymakers, investors, and corporate practitioners in Saudi Arabia’s evolving sustainable business landscape. Our findings underscore the importance of ESG disclosure in driving sustainable and responsible business practices in the region.
Histological Findings In Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis – A Retrospective Cohort Study Conducted at "Dr. Carol Davila" Central Military Emergency University Hospital in Bucharest
Authors: ANTON CORINA IOANA , DUȚULESCU SORIN , Staniceanu Florica , Buzilă Cosmin Alexandru , Ștefan Alexia Teodora , Ștefan Ion , Streinu-Cercel Adrian
Published: September 2024

Histological evidence of active prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) in cardiac valve tissue is widely regarded as a criterion established by Duke to confirm the presence of this condition, although the histological characteristics of mechanical prosthetic valve endocarditis have not yet been definitively established. The primary objective of this study was to determine the histologic differences in mechanical PVE in individuals with either early- or late-onset PVE, with the aim of distinguishing the unique aspects of this rare condition. Histological analysis of mechanical cardiac valve tissue was conducted in 27 patients who underwent surgical valve removal, comprising individuals with early onset and late-onset PVE. The findings were compared between the two groups. Histopathologically, PVE in individuals with mechanical heart valves is typically associated with the formation of vegetation and considerable neutrophil-rich infiltrates. In cases of early onset PVE, the affected valve tissue displays intense inflammation predominantly consisting of lymphocytes. In contrast, valve tissue samples from patients with late-onset PVE exhibit extensive fibrosis and inflammation, comprising macrophages, which are specialized immune cells and calcifications.
UI-Hawk: Unleashing the Screen Stream Understanding for GUI Agents
Authors: Zhang Jiwen , Yu Yaqi , Liao Minghui , Li Wentao , Wu Jihao , Wei Zhongyu
Published: September 2024

Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents are expected to precisely operate on the screens of digital devices. Existing GUI agents merely rely on current visual observations and plain-text action history, ignoring the significance of history screens. To mitigate this issue, we propose UI-Hawk, a visual GUI agent specially designed to processing screen streams encountered during GUI navigation. UI-Hawk incorporates a history-aware visual encoder and an efficient resampler to handle the screen sequences. To acquire a better understanding of screen streams, we define four fundamental tasks—UI grounding, UI referring, screen question answering, and screen summarization. We develop an automated data curation method to generate the corresponding training data for UI-Hawk. Along with the efforts above, we have also created a benchmark FunUI to quantitatively evaluate the fundamental screen understanding ability of MLLMs. Extensive experiments on FunUI and GUI navigation benchmarks consistently validate that screen stream understanding is not only beneficial but also essential for GUI navigation.
Combining Ability of Capsicum annuum Hybrid for Antioxi-Dant Activities, Polyphenol Content, α-Glucosidase Inhibitory, Yield, and Yield Components
Authors: Syukur Muhamad , Maharijaya Awang , Nurcholis Waras , Ritonga Arya Widura , Pangestu Arya Yuda , Hatta Andi Nadia Nurul Lathifa , Istiqlal Muhammad Ridha Alfarabi , Hakim Abdul , Sahid Zulfikar Damaralam
Published: September 2024

Type II diabetes is a major coronavirus disease comorbidity that can be prevented through a diet. Capsicum annuum (chili) consumption is often suggested, and using functional food cultivars is the most effective strategy. However, the general combining ability (GCA), specific combining ability (SCA), and heterotic effect of functional biochemicals (polyphenol content, antioxidant activities, and α-glucosidase inhibitory compounds) remain poorly known in C. annuum. This study aimed to estimate those parameters in C. annuum by using five different genotypes and their hybrid com-binations based on growth characteristics, yield, yield components, and fruit functional biochem-icals. The F1 and F1R progenies were obtained from crosses in a greenhouse and full diallel design. Each parent used in this study had a GCA advantage for each character. The hybrid combination of 074 x 005 and 435 x 367 displayed the best yield results. However, the results indicated the opposite regarding α-glucosidase inhibitory. The heterotic effect of functional biochemicals was observed for traits related to genotypes, polyphenol content, antioxidant activity, α-glucosidase inhibitory compounds, and similar properties related to yield and yield components, indicating their hybrid use in chili production.
Enhancing UAV Path Planning in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning through Adaptive Dimensionality Reduction
Authors: Shi Haotian , Zhao Zilin , Chen Jiale , Zhou Mengjie , Liu Yang
Published: September 2024

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have become increasingly important in various applications, including environmental monitoring, disaster response, and surveillance, due to their flexibility, efficiency, and ability to access hard-to-reach areas. Effective path planning for multiple UAVs exploring a target area is crucial for maximizing coverage and operational efficiency. This study presents a novel approach to optimizing collaborative navigation for UAVs using Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL). To enhance the efficiency of this process, we introduce the Adaptive Dimensionality Reduction (ADR) framework, which includes Autoencoders (AEs) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for dimensionality reduction and feature extraction. The ADR framework significantly reduces computational complexity by simplifying high-dimensional state spaces while preserving crucial information. Additionally, we incorporate communication modules to facilitate inter-UAV coordination, further improving path planning efficiency. Our experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach significantly enhances exploration performance and reduces computational complexity, showcasing the potential of combining MARL with ADR techniques for advanced UAV navigation in complex environments.