bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An assessment of availability of handwashing facilities in households from four East African countries
Authors: Kisaakye Peter , Ndagurwa Pedzisai , Mushomi John
Published: December 2020

The World Health Organization provides guidelines on handwashing as part of the global campaign towards achieving proper hygiene. In East Africa, cholera and diarrhoea outbreaks and, most recently, COVID-19 remain a threat to public health – calling for the promotion of handwashing to prevent infection. Using data from demographic and health surveys in four East African countries (Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda), we estimate the prevalence and identify the predictors of the availability of handwashing facilities in households. Findings indicate that the presence of a handwashing facility is not universal in the four countries: Kenya (66.4%), Rwanda (76.4%), Tanzania (80.7%) and Uganda (59.2%). Results from the pooled binary logistic regression model indicate that age, sex and education of the household head, type of place of residence, number of children, and household wealth are strong predictors of having handwashing facilities in all countries. However, the likelihood of having a handwashing facility in Uganda is lower than other countries. This study provides a rich understanding of the factors that explain the availability of handwashing facilities. Findings indicate how prepared the four countries are in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic – and can guide the policy direction in the prevention of infection.
Modern Idyll: Scrapping the Genre or Dialogue with Tradition (Based on the Novel-Idyll by A.P. Chudakov "Haze Sets upon the Old Steps")
Authors: Puchkova Anna Viktorovna
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the topical issue of the role of the genre canon in the work of A.P. Chudakov "Haze Sets Upon the Old Steps". The subtitle «idyllic novel» indicates a certain interaction with the genre invariant, and therefore the main task of this work is to clarify the purpose of including the idyllic canon in the structure of the novel. As a result, it is concluded that in this work it is worth talking about a dialogue with the canon, since even situations designed to serve as an opposition to idyllic pathos are structurally based on a traditional idyllic plot.
Theoretical and Methodological Approaches to the Study of Social Structure: Western Ideas in Domestic Practice
Authors: Soloveva Iuliia Nikolaevna
Published: December 2020

The study of the social structure of society involves the selection of features that determine social stratification. The variety of these features contributes to the emergence of a large number of theoretical and methodological approaches. The article examines the most significant approaches for studying the social structure of Russian society based on the ideas of representatives of Western sociology: from class theories to theories of social stratification. In the process of transformation of society, not only the structure changes, but also the factors influencing it, which leads to the emergence of new approaches for the most complete and accurate analysis.
Propagation of Invasive Species with Different Activity Status on Upper Volga Region
Authors: Borisova Solomonida Dmitrievna
Published: December 2020

Heracleum sosnowskyi Manden, a transformer specie, is in the list of species with status I. It actively intrudes natural communities, changes the face of ecosystems. It is an edifier and dominant. It forms thickets over a large area. Displaces germination of other species. Impatiens glandulifera Royle has status II. This is an adventive specie. It is actively spreading and naturalizing in natural and semi-natural habitats. It has been established that the introduction of these species into the territory of the region and their dispersal over its territory proceeds from the south to the northwest and northeast.
General Education Schools of Yekaterinodar and Their Operations in Pre-Revolutionary Period
Authors: Kravtsova Iuliia Nikolaevna
Published: December 2020

The following article examines the basic features of the formation and development of education in Kuban. Education plays an important role in the life of modern society. The level of scientific and technological progress, economic development, social differentiation of population depends on education. The basic principles of the Russian educational system have been established during the pre-revolutionary period. It was then when rather high requirements of educational-bringing-up process were set.
Uma janela no tempo
Authors: Petrarca Fernanda
Published: December 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as condições sócio-históricas que possibilitaram a ascensão do bolsonarismo no Brasil. Para dar conta destas questões analisamos: o papel das amplas coalizões no sistema político brasileiro e as condições que conduziram a atual situação de ruptura; a posição ocupada por Bolsonaro no jogo de forças políticas nacionais e, por fim, os principais setores que se favoreceram da crise e que passaram a apoiar o projeto político por ele representado. A conclusão central é a de que a ruptura no sistema de alianças abriu espaço para um conjunto de grupos outsiders, sem poder de voz dentro do executivo e legislativo e com um forte discurso antissistema.

Palavras-chave: Bolsonarismo. Sistema político brasileiro. Sistema de alianças.
Fetichismo da desinformação na web: uma pandemia agravada
Authors: Silva Caxias de Sousa Rodrigo , Valerim Patricia , Heller Bruna , Heloisa Tavares de Figueredo Lima Maria
Published: December 2020

Discute os conceitos de desinformação e práticas informacionais, aproximando-os da noção de semiformação cultural (semicultura), tendo como referência a Teoria Crítica da Informação e Comunicação. Defende que processos de comunicação ocorrem segundo práticas sociais de produção intencional de desinformação, segundo um circuito de produtividade que demanda do receptor/usuário, a responsabilidade pela checagem das informações. Atenta para funções que se multiplicam e podem ser identificadas em relação a diferentes atores sociais, dentre os quais o Estado. Metodologicamente, trata-se de um estudo exploratório de abordagem qualitativa, através de uma triangulação metodológica, que consistiu em observação espontânea, seguida de análise de conteúdo e interpretação hermenêutica  de um corpus de 86 fake news do site do Ministério da Saúde do Brasil. Os resultados permitiram a identificação de seis categorias emergidas da pré-análise. Na fase posterior, foram analisadas cinco notícias, considerando-se  a identificação de aspectos operacionais e situacionais do governo em relação à disponibilização do conteúdo no site, relacionados às perspectivas ideológicas e religiosas que, supostamente, entram em contradição com o propósito de esclarecimento dos cidadãos sobre a pandemia. Concernente às cinco fake news analisadas, é prudente afirmar que o governo brasileiro se valeu do site do Ministério da Saúde para desinformar e violar o direito à informação.  

Palavras-chave: Desinformação. COVID-19. Semicultura. Teoria Crítica da Informação e Comunicação. Práticas informacionais.
Problemas relacionados à farmacoterapia e intervenções farmacêuticas em indivíduos com tuberculose
Authors: Pereira da Silva Iara , Inahê Marques Luiza , Moraes Penha Ramon , Guimarães Polisel Camila
Published: December 2020

Introdução: A Tuberculose (TB) é uma doença infecciosa cujo longo período de terapia farmacológica contribui para o abandono do tratamento e desfechos negativos em saúde. O cuidado farmacêutico tem demonstrado otimizar a adesão ao tratamento e reduzir o número de problemas relacionados à farmacoterapia (PRF). Objetivo: Identificar PRF e traçar o perfil das intervenções farmacêuticas (IF) em indivíduos com tuberculose assistidos em uma instituição hospitalar. Métodos: Tratou-se de um estudo transversal, prospectivo, intervencional e com abordagem quantitativa, realizado no período de fevereiro a outubro de 2017. Para a definição do método a ser utilizado na classificação dos PRF e das IF, utilizaram-se as recomendações do Ministério da Saúde para a implantação de Serviços de Clínica Farmacêutica. As prescrições medicamentosas e os prontuários dos participantes também representaram fonte de coleta de dados. Resultados: Trinta e três indivíduos com idade média de 40,41 (±13) anos participaram do estudo. Um total de 278 PRF foi identificado, sendo os mais frequentes os problemas envolvendo seleção e prescrição (n=215; 77,3%) e reação adversa a medicamento (n=13; 4,7%). Foram realizadas 296 IF, especialmente informações e aconselhamentos (n=99; 33,5%) e manejo de interação medicamentosa (n=80; 27%). Conclusão: PRF foram comuns neste estudo, assim como a necessidade de IF, o que sugere que os serviços clínicos farmacêuticos possuem o potencial de contribuir com a equipe multiprofissional na identificação e manejo de problemas relacionados à farmacoterapia, contribuindo com o alcance de melhores desfechos em saúde em pacientes com tuberculose.
Acolhimento com classificação de risco na Estratégia Saúde da Família: implantação a partir do Arco de Maguerez
Authors: Farias Quiteria Larissa Teodoro , Azevedo Samir Gabriel Vasconcelos , Bastos Ismael Brioso , Vital Amanda Caroline Pereira , Cavalcante Ana Suelen Pedroza , Rocha Sibele Pontes , Vasconcelos Maristela Inês Osawa
Published: December 2020

Introdução: O Ministério da Saúde (MS) propôs, em 2004, a implantação do Acolhimento com Avaliação e Classificação de Risco nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS). Na cidade de Sobral/Ceará, ainda há algumas unidades em processo de implantação. Visto isso, a partir da inserção no serviço de saúde do município, os discentes do curso de graduação em Enfermagem da Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú atuaram mediante esse enfoque. Objetivo: Relatar a experiência de acadêmicos de enfermagem no processo de implantação do Acolhimento com Avaliação e Classificação de Risco em uma UBS da cidade de Sobral/Ceará a partir do método do Arco de Maguerez. Métodos: A partir do referencial metodológico de Charles Maguerez, foram realizadas com os profissionais da unidade as seguintes etapas propostas: observação da realidade, a identificação dos pontos-chave, a teorização, o levantamento das hipóteses de solução e a aplicação à realidade. Resultados: Na observação da realidade, foi possível perceber que a forma de acolher os usuários adotada pela unidade resultava em extensas filas de espera e conflitos. Partindo da investigação dos pontos-chave, foram organizadas oficinas de alinhamento teórico-reflexivo com cada classe de profissionais da unidade, resultando na etapa da teorização e concomitante a esta, no decorrer das oficinas de alinhamento foram levantadas dos profissionais hipóteses de solução, sendo por fim modificada a realidade a partir da implantação do Acolhimento com Avaliação e Classificação de Risco. Conclusão: A intervenção foi importante para expor a realidade do serviço com suas deficiências e propor estratégias de melhorias a partir da formação dos profissionais envolvidos no uso de metodologias que permitissem sua atuação conjunta, obtendo-se assim melhora dos atendimentos realizados pela equipe de saúde e processos de trabalho.
Percepção de estudantes de Enfermagem sobre os sentidos e significados do trabalho gerencial do enfermeiro
Authors: Araujo Mariana de Oliveira , Nunes dos Santos Sabrina , Batista Mascarenhas Nildo , Oliveira Bet Freitas Taciane
Published: December 2020

Introdução: A função gerencial integra o processo de trabalho do enfermeiro nos vários níveis de atenção à saúde e busca garantir a realização de uma assistência de qualidade e eficiente, sendo necessário para a sua execução conhecimento técnico e científico. Objetivos: Compreender a percepção de estudantes de enfermagem sobre os sentidos e significados do trabalho gerencial do enfermeiro e identificar a(s) dificuldade(s) e/ou facilidade(s) na execução do trabalho gerencial do enfermeiro na percepção de discentes de enfermagem. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, na qual a coleta de dados foi realizada através da técnica da entrevista semiestruturada e teve como participantes dez estudantes de enfermagem. Para análise dos dados, foi utilizada a Técnica de Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: O trabalho gerencial do enfermeiro relaciona-se à organização do trabalho e do serviço de saúde e ao planejamento das atividades prestadas. No desenvolvimento do trabalho gerencial, os estudantes identificaram como facilidades a capacitação profissional, o trabalho em equipe e o diálogo. Como dificuldades, citou-se o desafio do enfermeiro em realizar a associação do trabalho assistencial e gerencial, a sobrecarga de trabalho, a relação de liderança sobre a equipe e a falta de recursos materiais. Conclusão: A articulação entre o trabalho gerencial e o assistencial deve ser enfatizada e construída no cotidiano do trabalho, dado que ambos constituem o trabalho do enfermeiro no Brasil e valorizam essa profissão.
Metformin: Is it Still the First Line in Type 2 Diabetes Management Algorithm?
Authors: Grammatiki Maria , Sagar Rebecca , Ajjan Ramzi A.
Published: December 2020

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has an ever-growing prevalence worldwide, affecting 1 in 11
adults. It continues to significantly impact patients in terms of morbidity and mortality, in addition to impairing
quality of life while adding to the spiralling healthcare costs. Metformin was first used over half a century ago,
and for the past two decades, it has been considered first-line oral therapy to treat patients with T2DM, in whom
lifestyle measures failed to improve glycaemic control. Early landmark studies supported a glycaemic benefit
with metformin use with a relatively safe adverse effect profile, particularly with avoidance of hypoglycaemia.
Moreover, studies have indicated other potential beneficial role for metformin on organs typically affected by
diabetes complications. However, more recently, with the discovery of newer hypoglycaemic agents and the
wealth of data provided by large-scale cardiovascular safety studies, algorithms for the treatment of patients
with T2DM have become increasingly complex. Indeed, recent guidelines challenge current thinking and advocate
the use of agents other than metformin as first-line agents in those with higher cardiovascular risk, potentially
unseating metformin from its long-held throne. This narrative review aims to summarize the background
and origins of metformin, assess its role in the current management of patients with T2DM, highlighting the
clinical efficacy and safety profile of this agent. Also, the position of metformin in the clinical algorithms is
discussed in light of the most recent evidence in the field, helping with an ever-increasing shift towards individualized
patient care to maximize benefits and minimize risks.
Blood Cell Count Indexes of Systemic Inflammation in Carotid Artery Disease: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives
Authors: Dettori Paola , Paliogiannis Panagiotis , Pascale Rosa M. , Zinellu Angelo , Mangoni Arduino A. , Pintus Gianfranco
Published: December 2020

Carotid artery disease is commonly encountered in clinical practice and accounts for approximately
30% of ischemic strokes in the general population. Numerous biomarkers have been investigated as predictors
of the onset and progression of carotid disease, the occurrence of cerebrovascular complications, and overall
prognosis. Among them, blood cell count (BCC) indexes of systemic inflammation might be particularly useful,
from a pathophysiological and clinical point of view, given the inflammatory nature of the atherosclerotic process.
The aim of this review is to discuss the available evidence regarding the role of common BCC indexes,
such as the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet to lymphocyte
ratio (PLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and red cell distribution width
(RDW), in the diagnosis and risk stratification of carotid artery disease, and their potential clinical applications.
Clinical Review of COVID-19; Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management
Authors: Abdelgawad Hussien Ahmed H. , Sayed Ahmed , Munir Malak , Elberry Mostafa H. , Sayed Ibrahim M. , Kamal Md. Amjad , Negida Ahmed , Ebada Mahmoud A. , Bahbah Eshak I.
Published: December 2020

Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2, or COVID-19 virus) is a worldwide
pandemic pathogen infecting 210 territories. It belongs to the family coronaviriadae and the order Nidovirales.
The SARS-CoV-2 virus is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA enveloped virus that includes spike proteins
projecting from the envelope. The spike (S) protein interacts with the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
(ACE2) receptor, which plays a role in the viral entry into the cell. The SARS-CoV-2 virus is zoonotic; the wet
animal market where live animals are sold is expected to be the source of infection. It is the third zoonotic coronavirus,
after SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Transmission of the virus among humans is confirmed by direct
contact, droplet infection, fecal-oral, and blood transmission. The symptoms of COVID 19 include fever, dry
cough, headache, and difficulty in breathing. COVID 19 complications, including the development of acute respiratory
distress syndrome (ARDS), acute organ injury, secondary infection, and shock, are common in immunocompromised
and elderly patients. Up till now, there is no established treatment for COVID-19, and supportive
measures including mechanical ventilation and the use of nonspecific anti-viral therapies such as
Remdesevir, Liponavir, and chloroquine, are currently applied in severe cases. Also, until now, there is no approved
vaccine for COVID-19. In this review, we have provided an update on the SARS-COV2 virus, focusing
on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentations, treatment options, and preventive measures associated
with COVID-19 cases.
Clinical Management of Syncope in Emergency Department Based on Risk Stratification : A Review Literature
Authors: Annisa Kamila Putri , Rizal Ardian , Kurnianingsih Novi , Widito Sasmojo
Published: December 2020

Background: Background Syncope is a frequent problem among patients who present to the ED, accounts for 3% of emergency department admission and 1% of hospitalization. It is characterized by a comparatively short and self-limited loss of consciousness, which is caused by temporary cerebral hypoperfusion. Objective: Therefore, Risk stratification performed in the ED can guide triage decisions, and Risk-stratifying patients into low, moderate, and high-risk groups can assist medical decisions and determine the patient’s disposition. Discussion: The central point of syncope progression pathophysiology is the reduction of systemic blood pressure (BP) with a drop in global cerebral blood flow. Based on the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) syncope practice guidelines, syncope is classified into three categories, Neurally-mediated syncope (neural reflex syncope), Orthostatic hypotension, Cardiac syncope. Proper evaluation of syncope cases could in turn enable timely hospitalization and treatment by syncope experts. Assessment of a patient with syncope can be difficult, requiring a wide variety of medical testing with high health care costs. Sometimes, even after a careful examina- tion, it may not be possible to determine a definitive etiology for syncope. Given these uncertainties, about one-third of emergency room (ER) syncope/collapse patients are referred for assessment to the hospital, including non to low-risk patients. establish the urgency of any further work-up. Conclusion: Syncope assessment and treatment are very difficult, and syncope cases should be treated and dispositioned properly using proper risk stratification guidelines.
Pengaruh Fortifikasi Daun Kelor dan Rumput Laut Terhadap Mutu Mie “JENIuS”
Authors:   Universitas Mataram, Saloko Satrijo , Alamsyah Ahmad ,   Universitas Mataram, Cicilia Siska ,   Universitas Mataram, Nuzulina Baiq ,   Universitas Mataram
Published: December 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan proporsi tepung daun kelor dan tepung rumput laut pada berbagai konsentrasi yang difortifikasikan pada pembuatan mie “JENIuS” (Mie Jagung Enak Nutrisi Instan untuk Sehat). Penelitian dilaksanakan di laboratorium menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktor tunggal terdiri 6 perlakuan dan tiga ulangan, yaitu konsentrasi tepung jagung : mocaf : tepung daun kelor : tepung rumput laut E. spinosum yaitu P1 (65%: 20% : 0%: 15%); P2 (65%: 20% : 3%: 12%); P3 (65%: 20% : 6%: 9%); P4 (65%: 20% : 9%: 6%); P2 (65%: 20% : 12%: 3%); P2 (65%: 20% : 15%: 0%). %). Data dianalisis dengan analisis keragaman (Analysis of Variance) pada taraf nyata 5% dengan menggunakan software Co-Stat. Apabila terdapat beda nyata, maka diuji lanjut dengan metode beda nyata jujur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi penambahan tepung daun kelor dan tepung rumput laut memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata terhadap kadar air, kadar lemak, kadar protein, kadar iodium, kadar kalsium, kadar serat kasar, waktu rehidrasi, cooking time, cooking loss, warna, serta mutu organoleptik baik hedonik maupun skoring. Perlakuan P2 merupakan perlakuan terbaik mie “JENIuS’ dengan kadar air 7,04%; kadar lemak 1,04%; kadar protein 9,2%; kadar iodium 5,58%; kadar kalsium 0,15%; kadar serat kasar 9,71%; waktu rehidrasi 10,36 menit; cooking time 10,22 menit; cooking loss 11,33%; Nilai L* 28,13 sebelum dimasak dan 40,46 setelah dimasak, serta Hue° 77,32 sebelum dimasak dan 83,71 setelah dimasak. Pembuatan mie dengan memanfaatkan potensi lokal perlu terus ditingkatkan, sehingga dapat mengurangi ketergantungan impor.
Insight into the secondary imbibition rate of concrete and its relationship with curing time
Authors: Alderete Natalia , Villagrán Zaccardi Yury Andrés , De Belie Nele
Published: December 2020

Long-term capillary imbibition in cementitious materials is relevant to describe their durable behaviour. Many structures are exposed to long-term contact with moisture, such as foundations or wastewater installations. After several weeks, when capillary rise is no longer progressing, a distinguished change in the slope (from the mass gain - fourth root of time relation) is noticed. Primary and secondary imbibition rates (PIR and SIR, respectively) can be obtained from such behaviour. Contrary to the widely investigated PIR, usually defined as the capillary absorption rate, the SIR has been scarcely examined. Data from literature of tests in concrete lasting more than 7 days is very limited. To form a better view of this process, we contrasted values of SIR and porosity (water accessible porosity under vacuum and intrudable porosity by mercury intrusion porosimetry). Moreover, we used statistical inference to evaluate the evolution of the SIR of mixes with different composition and curing age. This paper presents the effect of curing on the SIR and the relation between porosity changes and SIR. Despite the decrease in capillary porosity and intrudable porosity, SIR increases with curing time. This is probably due to a connection between SIR and the increasing C-S-H content with time.
The structure of Albanian personality descriptive trait-adjectives: A psycho-lexically based taxonomy
Authors: Ademi Shala Rudina , De Raad Boele , Arënliu Aliriza
Published: December 2020

In this study, we describe the taxonomy of personality descriptive trait terms in the Albanian language according to the psycho-lexical procedure, in two parts. In the first part the selection of trait terms from a standard Albanian dictionary took place, largely according to standard procedures. This resulted in a useful set of 607 personality relevant terms. In the second part this list of trait terms was administered to 497 participants to obtain self-ratings. During the rating process, participants could indicate their familiarity with the terms, leading to another reduction to a final set of 434 trait terms with self-ratings. Principal Components Analysis followed by Varimax rotation was applied both using raw data and using ipsatized data. Structures with one up to seven factors were discussed and represented in a hierarchy of factor solutions. As an aid to the interpretation of the factors, use was made of markers of the Big Five, selected from the full list of 434 terms. The most comprehensive and clearest structure was found with seven factors, which included the Big Five and both Negative Valence and Positive Valence.
The Influence of Modified Open-Plan Preschool Spaces on Cognitive School Readiness in Malaysia
Authors: Shaari Mariam Felani , Ahmad Sabarinah Sheikh , Ismail Izaham Shah , Zaiki Yazid
Published: December 2020

Modified open-planning to define children’s spaces is important in preschool design. Cognitive school readiness (SR) is an objective of Malaysian preschools. This study investigates the correlation between modified open-plan spaces and cognitive SR in Malaysian preschools. A prospective cohort study involving 378 children at 18 Malaysian Ministry of Education (MOE) preschools was conducted. Compared to other preschool physical aspects (size, scale, circulation, facilities, indoor environment quality, safety, home bases, activity areas, and play yards), the quality of modified open-plan spaces showed the strongest correlation with children’s cognitive SR (Pearson’s r=0.658, p=0.000). Findings are hoped to promote better preschool designs.
Keywords: Modified open-plan, preschool design, children education, school readiness
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i15.2374.
The potential of memorial tourism development in Istria (Croatia)
Authors:   Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Faculty for Interdisciplinary, Italian and Cultural Studies, Pula, Croatia, Vojnović Nikola
Published: December 2020

This paper analyses the geographical features and potential of memorial tourism development in the tourism region of Istria in Croatia. In the past century, Istria has had several political and socio-economic turning points, with far-reaching consequences for its overall development. For the most part, the historical turning points in the 20th century in Istria were marked by armed conflict, followed by individual and mass human casualties, terror, and the persecution of the population. The motive of travel in memorial tourism here is to visit the places where these tragic events occurred. Therefore, the aim of this research was to determine the geographical distribution of potential sites in Istria suitable for the development of memorial tourism. An additional objective was to propose thematic routes of memorial tourism in the areas of Istrian towns and municipalities. A secondary aim of this research was to provide a geographical contribution to the scientific evaluation of memorial tourism in Croatian tourism regions, with proposals for measures in the planning of the development of this form of tourism.
A new technique of intraoperative prevention of infectious complications during penile prosthesis implantation
Authors: Popov S. V. , Lledo-Garcia E. , Orlov I. N. , Topuzov T. M. , Kyzlasov P. S. , Gribanov D. V. , Pestryakov I. Yu.
Published: December 2020

Penile prosthetics is the «gold standard» for treatment of severe or drug-induced refractory erectile dysfunction. One of the most formidable postoperative complications of penile prosthetics is periprosthetic infection. Currently, infusion and topical application of broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs is used for the prevention of prosthetic infectious complications. One of the means for the prevention of postoperative infectious complications is the Alexis retractor (Applied Medical, Rancho Santa Margarita, CA). It is a port that is installed in the surgical area and limits the contact of the prosthesis components with the surrounding tissues and skin, achieving optimal wound visualization. The use of Alexis provides atraumatic retraction of the wound edges and 360-degree protection of the wound from the contact of the implant components with adjacent tissues and skin.
Validation of a Portable Game Controller to Assess Peak Expiratory Flow Against Conventional Spirometry in Children: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Chelabi Khadidja , Balli Fabio , Bransi Myriam , Gervais Yannick , Marthe Clement , Tse Sze Man
Published: December 2020

Background

International asthma guidelines recommend the monitoring of peak expiratory flow (PEF) as part of asthma self-management in children and adolescents who poorly perceive airflow obstruction, those with a history of severe exacerbations, or those who have difficulty controlling asthma. Measured with a peak flow meter, PEF represents a person’s maximum speed of expiration and helps individuals to follow their disease evolution and, ultimately, to prevent asthma exacerbations. However, patient adherence to regular peak flow meter use is poor, particularly in pediatric populations. To address this, we developed an interactive tablet-based game with a portable game controller that can transduce a signal from the user’s breath to generate a PEF value.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the concordance between PEF values obtained with the game controller and various measures derived from conventional pulmonary function tests (ie, spirometry) and to synthesize the participants’ feedback.

Methods

In this cross-sectional multicenter study, 158 children (aged 8-15 years old) with a diagnosis or suspicion of asthma performed spirometry and played the game in one of two hospital university centers. We evaluated the correlation between PEF measured by both the game controller and spirometry, forced expiratory volume at 1 second (FEV1), and forced expiratory flow at 25%-75% of pulmonary volume (FEF25-75), using Spearman correlation. A Bland-Altman plot was generated for comparison of PEF measured by the game controller against PEF measured by spirometry. A post-game user feedback questionnaire was administered and analyzed.

Results

The participants had a mean age of 10.9 (SD 2.5) years, 44% (71/158) were female, and 88% (139/158) were White. On average, the pulmonary function of the participants was normal, including FEV1, PEF, and FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC). The PEF measured by the game controller was reproducible in 96.2% (152/158) of participants according to standardized criteria. The PEF measured by the game controller presented a good correlation with PEF measured by spirometry (r=0.83, P<.001), with FEV1 (r=0.74, P<.001), and with FEF25-75 (r=0.65, P<.001). The PEF measured by the game controller presented an expected mean bias of –36.4 L/min as compared to PEF measured by spirometry. The participants’ feedback was strongly positive, with 78.3% (123/157) reporting they would use the game if they had it at home.

Conclusions

The game controller we developed is an interactive tool appreciated by children with asthma, and the PEF values measured by the game controller are reproducible, with a good correlation to values measured by conventional spirometry. Future studies are necessary to evaluate the clinical impact this novel tool might have on asthma management and its potential use in an out-of-hospital setting.
112 ACİL SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARININ HASTA GÜVENLİĞİ KÜLTÜRÜ ALGILARININ İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ALPER AY Ferda , UÇAR YENİHAYAT Canan
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 112 acil sağlık hizmetlerinde çalışanların hasta güvenliği kültürü düzeylerinin sosyo-demografik özeliklere göre anlamlı farklılık olup olmadığının belirlenmesidir. Bu amaçla Sivas İl Sağlık Müdürlüğüne bağlı 112 acil sağlık hizmetlerinde görev yapan 297 kişiden veriler elde edilmiştir. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde ortalamalar, bağımsız örneklem t testi ve ANOVA testinden yararlanılmıştır. HGK alt boyutları puan ortalamaları incelendiğinde en yüksek “çalışanların eğitimi” ve en düşük “beklenmedik olay ve hata” olarak bulunmuştur. Katılımcıların, olumlu hasta güvenliği kültürüne sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların HGK algıları ile cinsiyet, eğitim, unvan, çalışılan birim, hizmet içi eğitime katılma durumları değişkenleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, doktor ve hemşirelerin, kadın çalışanların, lisansüstü mezunların, hizmet içi eğitime “bazen” düzeyinde katılanların, idari birim ve Komuta Kontrol Merkezi (KKM) ve diğer birimlerde çalışanlarda güvenlik kültürü daha olumsuz algılandığından, hasta güvenliği kültürünün iyileştirilesine yönelik çalışmalar yapılması önerilebilir.
Применение декскетопрофена в современных подходах к мультимодальной аналгезии
Authors: Nikonov V.V. , Lyzohub K.I. , Lyzohub M.V.
Published: December 2020

Одной из первоочередных задач ведения больных в интраоперационном и раннем послеоперационном периоде является соответствующее обезболивание, которое обеспечивает не только гладкое клиническое течение заболевания и качество жизни пациентов, но и успех хирургического лечения в целом благодаря снижению количества стресс-реализованных осложнений. Длительная послеоперационная острая боль может быть причиной развития функциональных нарушений со стороны легких, сердечно-сосудистой системы, желудочно-кишечного тракта, центральной нервной системы, системы гемостаза и др. Применение опиоидов увеличивает количество осложнений в раннем послеоперационном периоде. Поэтому сегодня перспективным направлением является применение схем мультимодальной аналгезии, что способствует лучшему обезболиванию, более гладкому клиническому течению заболевания, ранней мобилизации больных благодаря минимизации количества осложнений, вызванных опиоидами. Выбор адекватной модели после­операционного обезболивания должен основываться на понимании многоплановости болевого синдрома, который может включать как соматический компонент, обусловленный хирургической травмой, так и нейропатический, вызванный хроническим воспалением, нейропатией, ишемическими расстройствами. В статье приведены данные современных исследований относительно концепции мультимодальной аналгезии, которые показывают, что применение в ее составе декскетопрофена (Декспро) способствует более качественной и длительной аналгезии, предотвращает развитие хронической послеоперационной боли, уменьшает потребность в применении наркотических анальгетиков.
Неинвазивная вентиляция легких (лекция)
Authors: Pidhirnyі Ya.M.
Published: December 2020

В лекции освещены вопросы step by step респираторной терапии у больных с острой дыхательной дисфункцией (ОДД). Первым шагом в лечении больных с ОДД (при отсутствии показаний к инвазивной механической вентиляции легких) является использование высокопоточной оксигенации (ВПО) и неинвазивной вентиляции легких (НИВЛ). По сравнению с инвазивной механической вентиляцией легких эти технологии имеют определенные преимущества. Они не приводят к вентилятор-ассоциированному повреждению легких, вентилятор-ассоциированной диафрагмальной дисфункции и не вызывают вентилятор-ассоциированной пневмонии. НИВЛ обеспечивает определенная концентрация кислорода на вдохе (FiO2) в сочетании с умеренным давлением в конце выдоха (РЕЕР)/постоянным положительным давлением в дыхательных путях (СРАР) и инспираторным давлением. В отличие от оксигенации через лицевую маску или носовые канюли она уменьшает возможность экспираторного закрытия мелких дыхательных путей, предупреждает коллапс альвеол и возможность возникновения ателектазов. Преимуществом НИВЛ в сравнении со стандартной оксигенотерапией через лицевую маску/носовые канюли можно считать то, что она обеспечивает умеренный уровень РЕЕР/СРАР, который уменьшает пред- и постнагрузку левого желудочка. Это имеет особенное значение у больных с острой левожелудочковой недостаточностью или отеком легких. Главным условием успешного проведения НИВЛ является наличие адекватного сознания у больного. В основе клинической эффективности ВПО лежит возможность создания большой скорости потока газа (до 60 л/мин). Такая скорость потока (которая равна или даже больше скорости потока при вдохе больного) минимизирует «примешивание» комнатного воздуха и разрешает поддерживать на вдохе высокую FiO2. Принципиально важно наличие возможности методом step by step регулировать скорость потока и температуры, точное измерение FiO2. Современные системы ВПО имеют специальные контуры из полупроницаемых материалов, которые не допускают образования конденсата и имеют оригинальные носовые или трахеостомические канюли.
Ключевые аспекты лечения тяжелой негоспитальной вирусно-бактериальной пневмонии
Authors: Turkevych O.M. , Zakotianskyi O.P. , Harbar M.O.
Published: December 2020

Актуальность. Высокая частота заболеваемости тяжелой пневмонией при инфицировании гриппом H5N1, A/H1N1, SARS, MERS и COVID-19 привлекает особое внимание и заставляет пересматривать и совершенствовать современные элементы комплексной интенсивной терапии. Цель: проанализировать основные элементы интенсивной терапии клинического случая тяжелой внебольничной вирусно-бактериальной пневмонии, подчеркнуть основные проблемы и предложить пути решения. Материалы и методы. Мы проанализировали клинический случай лечения тяжелой внебольничной вирусно-бактериальной пневмонии пациента, находившегося на лечении в ОАИТ КНП «Клиническая больница скорой медицинской помощи» г. Львова, и выделили основные ключевые аспекты интенсивной терапии: респираторную терапию, неинвазивную искусственную вентиляцию легких (ИВЛ), своевременность интубации, протективную ИВЛ и начало отлучения; cедацию, анальгезию и миорелаксацию; оценку волемического статуса, инфузионную терапию и энтеральное питание. Результаты. Общий срок проведения ИВЛ составил 26 дней. С 16-го дня начат процесс отлучения, который составлял 10 дней. Основные режимы ИВЛ, которые применялись, следующие: SIMV-PC (8 дней), BIPPV (7 дней), CPAP+PS (10 дней). Период применения дексмедетомидина составлял 12 дней. Использование NIV не обеспечило должного эффекта, о чем свидетельствует ухудшение состояния пациента после 24 часов данной респираторной поддержки. Волемический статус в критическом периоде (первые 48 часов после интубации) оценивался с помощью ультрасонографии функции сердца и состояния магистральных сосудов, что оказалось очень эффективно. Выводы. Пациенты с тяжелой внебольничной вирусной пневмонией требуют раннего начала ИВЛ и обязательного применения протективной стратегии. Именно респираторная терапия является основным и первоочередным звеном интенсивной терапии. Обеспечение адекватной и комфортной седации является одним из важных элементов комплекса интенсивной терапии, который решает проблему асинхронии. Ультразвуковое исследование позволяет провести неинвазивную оценку волемического статуса, риска отека легких и предусмотреть ответ пациента на инфузионную терапию. С этой целью следует проводить комплексный УЗИ-мониторинг нижней полой вены, легких и сердца у всех пациентов в критическом состоянии, которым планируется или уже налажена инфузионная терапия.
Sistem Instrumentasi Data Logger Parameter Elektrik Sel Galvani Secara Otomatis Berbasis Arduino dan Borland Delphi 7
Authors: Handayani Rima Mei , Pauzi Gurum Ahmad , Supriyanto Amir
Published: December 2020

Penelitian mengenai sel galvani air laut banyak dikembangkan dalam beberapa tahun terakhir. Namun, dalam proses penelitian sel galvani air laut masih memiliki kendala dalam pengukuran parameter yang dihasilkan. Pada penelitian ini telah direlisasikan sistem instrumentasi data logger parameter sel galvani secara otomatis berbasis Arduino dan Borland Delphi 7. Sistem ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi parameter sel galvani seperti tegangan, arus, dan iluminasi menggunakan sensor INA219, dan BH1750. Mekanisme pengambilan data penelitian ini yaitu sistem diaplikasikan dengan sel galvani air laut menggunakan elektroda Cu(Ag)-Zn. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sistem dapat mendeteksi parameter, menyimpan parameter pada kartu memori, menampilkan data sampling pada LCD, dan user interface Borland Delphi 7 secara real-time. Sensor pada sistem ini mampu mendeteksi tegangan, arus, dan iluminasi dengan akurasi masing-masing sebesar 99,73%, 95,85%, dan 98,31%.
Pengaruh Variasi Penambahan Abu Ampas Tebu dan Serat Ampas Tebu Terhadap Sifat Fisis dan Mekanis Pada Mortar
Authors: Nursani Muhammad , Karo Karo Pulung , Yulianti Yanti
Published: December 2020

Penelitian tentang pengaruh variasi penambahan abu ampas tebu dan serat ampas tebu terhadap sifat fisis dan mekanis pada mortar telah dilakukan. Bahan-bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini antara lain abu ampas tebu, serat ampas tebu, semen portland, CaCl dan air. Abu ampas tebu diperoleh dari pembakaran ampas tebu pada suhu 700 ˚C selama 2 jam. Serat ampas tebu diperoleh dari pencacahan ampas tebu menggunakan mesin disk mill dengan ayakan berukuran 5 mm. Perbandingan semen, abu ampas tebu dan serat ampas tebu yang digunakan yaitu sampel A (90%:0%:10%), sampel B (85%:5%:10%) dan sampel C (80%:10%:10%), dengan penambahan CaCl sebesar 5% dari massa total dan 250 ml air. Pengujian yang dilakukan yaitu uji fisis (daya serap air dan kerapatan) dan uji mekanis (kuat tekan, kuat lentur dan kuat tarik belah) serta karakterisasi scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Mortar sampel A masuk dalam kategori mortar tipe S dengan kuat tekan sebesar 132,28 kg/cm2, mortar sampel B masuk dalam kategori mortar tipe M dengan kuat tekan sebesar 176,16 kg/cm2 dan mortar sampel C masuk dalam kategori mortar tipe S dengan kuat tekan sebesar 170,68 kg/cm2, secara keseluruhan sampel C memiliki nilai yang lebih tinggi baik secara fisis maupun mekanisnya, mikrostruktur sampel C lebih baik dibandingkan sampel A dan B karena memiliki butiran yang lebih kecil serta terdapat banyak gumpalan yang menyebabkan ukuran pori mengecil sehingga kerapatannya meningkat, penambahan abu ampas tebu meningkatkan jumlah unsur oksigen yang dapat menambah kekuatan mekanis mortar.
Predictors of Postpartum Depression: The Role of Emotion Regulation, Maternal Self-Confidence, and Marital Satisfaction on Postpartum Depression
Authors: Dinni Siti Muthia , Ardiyanti Difa
Published: December 2020

Postpartum Depression (PPD) is a serious mother’s mental health problem that may endanger the safety of mother and her child. This study aimed to identify whether emotion regulation, maternal self-confidence, and marital satisfaction could be a significant predictor of PPD. The participants of this study were 100 women who gave birth in the past 2-24 weeks. Research instruments presented via online platform, comprised of: ASIPP (Alat Asesmen Ibu Postpartum/Postpartum Maternal Assessment Tool containing the Emotion Regulation Scale, the Maternal Self-Confidence Scale, and the Marital Satisfaction Scale) and the early detection scale for postpartum depression. Regression analysis showed that only maternal self-confidence and emotional regulation were proven significant in simultaneously predicting PPD, while marital satisfaction was not proven to significantly predict PPD either partially or simultaneously. This finding suggested that psychological prevention programs for postpartum mothers were better focused on encouraging maternal self-confidence and emotion regulation ability of the mothers.
Robert Skidelsky, What’s Wrong with Economics?: A Primer for the Perplexed
Authors: Spencer Roger W.
Published: December 2020

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Efficacy and safety of GP40021 insulin lispro biphasic compared with Humalog Mix 25 in Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Mayorov Alexandr Y , Mosikian Anna A , Alpenidze Diana N , Makarenko Igor E , Orlova Valeria L , Lunev Ivan S , Verbovaya Maria V , Zinnatulina Bella R , Khokhlov Alexander L , Drai Roman V
Published: December 2020

Aim:
To compare safety (immunogenicity) and efficacy of a biosimilar insulin GP-Lis25 and a reference insulin Ly-Lis25 (Humalog Mix 25) in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) patients.
Materials & methods:
This randomized open-label, 26-week clinical trial enrolled 210 T2D patients, randomized 1:1 to twice-daily GP-Lis25 or Ly-Lis25. The primary end point was immune response at 26th week. Noninferiority margin for HbA1c was 0.4%.
Results:
Immune response frequency was similar in GP-Lis25 and Ly-Lis25 groups both at week 12 (p = 0.651) and 26 (p = 0.164). The difference of HbA1c change at week 26 was (95% CI) 0.01 (-0.27–0.28)%. Fasting plasma glucose, seven-point glucose profile and insulin dose were similar between groups. Safety did not differ between groups.
Conclusion:
GP-Lis25 and Ly-Lis25 demonstrated similar safety and efficacy.

ClincalTrials.gov
identifier:
NCT04023344
.
Dispositional awe and prosocial tendency: The mediating roles of selftranscendent meaning in life and spiritual self-transcendence
Authors: Lin Rong-Mao , Hong You-Juan , Xiao Hui-Wen , Lian Rong
Published: December 2020

Dispositional awe is a self-transcendent experience that has been investigated in few empirical studies. We explored the mediating effects of both self-transcendent meaning in life and spiritual selftranscendence in the relationship between dispositional awe and prosocial tendency.
Participants were 1,907 Chinese undergraduates. As predicted, self-transcendent meaning in life and spiritual selftranscendence mediated the relationship between dispositional awe and prosocial behavior. These findings not only demonstrate the mediating effect of self-transcendence on prosocial
tendency, but also support dispositional awe as an element of self-transcendence.
STUDY OF SPIRITUAL VOICES AND VISIONS: A QUESTION OF ETIOLOGY
Authors:   MIKHAIL M. BAZLEV Russian State University for the Humanities, BAZLEV MIKHAIL M.
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the etiology of experiences of spiritual voices and visions typical for Christian mysticism. The problem of one-sidedness of judgments in this question, which formed a confrontation between the positions of psychiatric and theological reflection by the XX century, is raised. It is shown that an interdisciplinary approach is necessary for religious studies, overcoming the initially given positions of predetermining the ontological status of experiences. The approach is aimed at finding an explanation of the natural mechanisms of thinking underlying such experiences. The research shows that in the absence of psychopathological factors, due to the polymorphism of thinking, the internal speech experienced in a situation of failure as given by the Other can serve as such a single basis for both types of experiences. However, these remarks on the etiology of spiritual visions and voices show that it is questionable whether a single universally applicable theory is possible outside the analysis of a particular personal experience. They point to the need for methodological caution in religious studies and perform hermeneutic and phenomenological analysis of the human lifeworld.
“SOCIOLOGY OF ONTOLOGY”: IMPORTANCE OF THE SOCIAL ASPECTS OF THE STRUGGLE FOR THE CREED AT THE FIRST ECUMENICAL COUNCIL
Authors:   VIKTOR S. LEVYTSKYY Ukrainian Institute of Strategies of Global Development and Adaptation, LEVYTSKYY VIKTOR S.
Published: December 2020

The process of adoption of the Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed is well documented and studied in modern literature. As a rule, it becomes the subject of research in religious studies or theological discourses. However, it raises philosophical problems. Interdisciplinary research allows us to see a tool in the struggle for church authority and power in a theoretical debate on the central principles of Christian dogma: “copyright” on the ontological basis of the teachings of the Church automatically increased the importance of its owners in the church hierarchy. Acknowledging the growing cultural influence of the Church, the confrontation of the opposing groups during the First Ecumenical Council was an important milestone in the struggle for the right to form the central meanings of the new social reality, as well as identities and institutions, which were based on it. The article analyzes the factors that ensured the victory of the party of Alexander Athanasius and ultimately led to the adoption of the Orthodox Symbol of Faith...