bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
De la evaluación a la gestión: acortar la brecha entre eficacia y efectividad
Authors:   Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Ortún Rubio Vicente
Published: February 2025

Este artículo propone tres argumentos principales: que la esencia de la gestión clínica y sanitaria, pasa por reducir la brecha entre efectividad y eficacia, que se obtiene aquello por lo que se paga y que la gestión de las organizaciones sanitarias rebasa los ámbitos de las mismas. Parecería pues, lógico, pagar por los resultados en términos de salud y utilizar el incentivo de la competencia por comparación. Sería conveniente acabar con las letanías «más sanidad», «más educación», «más I+D+i», y esforzarse en obtener mejor sanidad, mejor educación, mejor I+D+i, aplicando lo que ya sabemos. La evaluación, de cualquier tipo, proporciona conocimiento analítico y siempre es conveniente investigar y evaluar más, pero el auténtico déficit se produce en la puesta en práctica: es necesario talento implantador para convertirlo en una mejor gestión, talento que obviamente está constreñido por unas limitaciones, cuya consideración cierra el escrito.
¿Son suficientemente conocidas las políticas de apoyo a la creación de empresas? Comparación entre el País Vasco y España
Authors:   Universidad del País Vasco, Saiz Santos María , Araujo de la Mata Andrés ,   Universidad del País Vasco
Published: February 2025

El fomento de una mayor dinámica empresarial mediante el incremento de las tasas de creación de empresas se ha convertido en una de las preocupaciones prioritarias de las autoridades nacionales y locales, que utilizan las políticas de apoyo a nuevos empresarios como instrumento central para la consecución de sus objetivos de empleo y crecimiento económico. El objetivo de este artículo es evaluar el impacto que tienen los programas públicos y semipúblicos destinados a la creación de empresas y al fomento del espíritu emprendedor en la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco y en España en cuanto a su conocimiento y utilización, como paso previo a una evaluación completa. Para ello, utilizando datos del Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 2004 para el País Vasco y España analizaremos el nivel de conocimiento y uso de estas políticas en la población vasca y española así como el grado de impacto que tienen en el colectivo de emprendedores.
¿Cómo incorporar los criterios y principios de la sostenibilidad en el diseño, construcción y gestión de las infraestructuras?
Authors:   Universidad de Texas, Vanegas Jorge A.
Published: February 2025

El medio natural «construido», definido por las edificaciones y los sistemas de infraestructura civil utilizados por las personas que viven en él, es la base fundamental sobre la que una sociedad existe, se reproduce y evoluciona. Como principales proveedores y custodios del «entorno natural construido» a lo largo de su vida útil, la arquitectura, la ingeniería y la construcción juegan un papel crítico en determinar la calidad, integridad y longevidad de esta base. Este artículo ofrece un mapa conceptual y un conjunto de principios iniciales para la implementación de la sostenibilidad del ambiente construido.
'Infraestructuras de apoyo a la innovación científica y tecnológica: elementos clave de competitividad industrial
Authors:   Universidad del País Vasco, del Castillo Hermosa Jaime , Díez Fuente Carlos ,   Infyde, S.L.
Published: February 2025

En el siglo XXI se da un proceso de cambio económico permanente, de aceleración de la innovación y de globalización, con un aumento de la competencia en todos los mercados. Por ello las políticas públicas han evolucionado hacia políticas orientadas a crear entornos competitivos y en las que, frente a la antigua preponderancia de las subvenciones y las infraestructuras físicas, cada vez tiene mayor peso el impulso de la innovación, de la tecnología y de la capacidad emprendedora. Un entorno favorable al desarrollo de la innovación y la tecnología necesita una serie de elementos, y es en cada territorio donde se suministra este conjunto de recursos esenciales para que los procesos tengan éxito. En el artículo se hace un repaso de estas nuevas infraestructuras inteligentes, en algunos casos intangibles, que son un factor fundamental de las políticas de desarrollo territorial, y se analiza en profundidad algunas de ellas (parques tecnológicos, incubadoras).
Nuevas estrategias para la competitividad en la gestión de las cadenas intermodales de transporte entre España y Europa
Authors:   Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Bilbao, Elizagárate Gutiérrez Juan Carlos , Ruiz de Arbulo López Patxi ,   Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Bilbao, Díaz de Basurto Uraga Pablo ,   Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Bilbao
Published: February 2025

En el marco de una nueva orientación de la empresa hacia el cliente basada en la cadena de suministro, la finalidad del presente artículo es investigar la creación de redes de plataformas logísticas en toda Europa, así como la utilización óptima combinada de los puertos marítimos como puntos de parada y manipulación de mercancías hacia distintos modos de transporte. A partir de los antecedentes existentes y del estado actual del intermodalismo, el artículo desarrolla un conjunto de indicadores representativos de la organización de las cadenas multimodales de transporte de mercancías. A continuación, mediante una técnica de análisis multivariable, el análisis cluster (cluster analysis), aplicada a los indicadores construidos, se analiza la gestión y se propone un conjunto de estrategias para desarrollar la competitividad de las cadenas intermodales de transporte de mercancías entre España y Europa.
SÍNDROME METABÓLICA: PREVENÇÃO, DIAGNÓSTICO PRECOCE E INTERVENÇÕES TERAPÊUTICAS
Authors: Brugnera Carla Guerra , Abreu Marciely Maria de Lima , Cisne Ana Gabriela Vasconcelos , Freitas Neto Maurício Medeiros de , Pereira Yasmim Figueiredo , Battisti Gabriel Augusto Mattei , Damasceno Bárbara de Pinho Prisco , Murad Gabriel Fernandes , Santana Catiane Ferreira , Melo Carlos Daniel Spindola , Santos Filho Marcos Gonçalves Amorim Dos , Baratta Lys Ponte Moreira , Batista Guilherme Sousa , Sena Antonio Victor Azevedo , Silva Ana Paula Rodrigues da Silva e
Published: February 2025

A síndrome metabólica é um conjunto de condições clínicas inter-relacionadas que aumentam significativamente o risco de doenças cardiovasculares, diabetes tipo 2 e outras complicações graves à saúde. Diversos estudos têm enfatizado a importância do diagnóstico precoce para a gestão eficaz da síndrome metabólica. A identificação precoce dos fatores de risco e a implementação de intervenções terapêuticas podem retardar a progressão da doença e prevenir complicações. O presente artigo tem como objetivo geral revisar as estratégias de prevenção, diagnóstico precoce e intervenções terapêuticas mais recentes para o manejo da síndrome metabólica. A pesquisa é fundamentada em uma revisão abrangente da literatura existente, para a coleta dos dados, foi utilizada a base de dados PubMed e Scielo, a pesquisa foi conduzida com os termos “Síndrome Metabólica”, “Prevenção”, “Diagnóstico Precoce”, aplicando o operador booleano “AND”. A revisão bibliográfica revelou que a síndrome metabólica representa um grande desafio para a saúde pública global, com uma crescente prevalência associada a fatores como obesidade, sedentarismo e dieta inadequada. A detecção precoce e o manejo adequado dos fatores de risco, como hipertensão, hiperglicemia e dislipidemia, são fundamentais para a prevenção de complicações graves, como doenças cardiovasculares e diabetes tipo 2. A revisão bibliográfica destaca a importância de uma abordagem integrada, que combine intervenções farmacológicas e não farmacológicas, como a modificação do estilo de vida, para o controle da síndrome metabólica e a redução dos impactos à saúde. No entanto, para que essas estratégias sejam eficazes, é essencial o fortalecimento das políticas públicas voltadas para a promoção de hábitos saudáveis e o acesso a tratamentos adequados. A implementação de programas de diagnóstico precoce e a educação em saúde são essenciais para mitigar a progressão da síndrome e suas complicações. A continuidade das pesquisas e o aprimoramento das intervenções terapêuticas têm o potencial de transformar o manejo da síndrome metabólica, melhorando a qualidade de vida dos pacientes e reduzindo os custos com tratamentos de doenças crônicas associadas.
OS PRINCIPAIS MÉTODOS DE CONSERVAÇÃO DOS ALIMENTOS.
Authors: Silva Kaio Rickson Rocha dos Reis da , Freire Glaucia
Published: February 2025

A conservação dos alimentos é essencial para garantir a segurança alimentar, evitar  desperdícios e prolongar a vida útil dos produtos. Existem diversos métodos de preservação, que  podem ser classificados em físicos, químicos e biológicos. Entre os principais métodos estão a  refrigeração e congelamento, que reduzem a atividade microbiana por meio de baixas  temperaturas; a desidratação e liofilização, que removem a água para inibir o crescimento de  microrganismos; a pasteurização e esterilização, que utilizam calor para eliminar patógenos; e a  fermentação, que promove a conservação por meio da ação de bactérias benéficas. Além disso,  técnicas como a adição de conservantes naturais ou artificiais e o uso de embalagens a vácuo  também desempenham um papel fundamental na manutenção da qualidade dos alimentos. Este  artigo analisa os principais métodos de conservação, seus benefícios e aplicações na indústria  alimentícia e no cotidiano.
EFICÁCIA DE HEMOSPRAY NO TRATAMENTO DE HEMORRAGIAS GASTROINTESTINAIS: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Teixeira Leonardo Pinto , Cruz Thais Mayara Sampaio , Bertges Klaus Ruback
Published: February 2025

Introduction. Hemorrhages in the gastrointestinal tract make this an important cause of morbidity and mortality and, therefore, need immediate management to decrease the risk of death. Endoscopic intervention is considered the gold standard in the treatment of this condition in association with hemostatic techniques. However, up to 10% of patients experience recurrence of bleeding after initial hemostasis.

Goal. To analyze the efficacy and safety of the use of TC325 in gastrointestinal hemorrhages for different causes and compare them with other techniques.

Methods. Systematic literature review, using the MedLine database. The search term was developed with the help of the MeSH tool and the studies found were applied filters according to the period of publication (2009-2019), availability of the full text, in the English language and which were carried out with humans. Studies with review designs, systematic reviews and case studies were excluded, opting for the manual selection of this item. The evaluated outcomes were the rate of initial hemostasis and the rate of rebleeding.

Results. 48 publications were found, all published from 2013. However, after the selection process, only 11 were qualified for the present review, totaling 917 patients divided into control groups, experimental groups or reported as participants in observational studies where all individuals were submitted to the treatment of
hemorrhage using TC325 / Hemospray, alone or in combination with another technique or medication.

Conclusion. TC-325 has become a candidate for further and more in-depth studies from the perspective of the medical specialty of Gastroenterelogy. Its optimal indications and technical limitations need to be better characterized, although the results obtained so far are promising.
MANEJO ANESTÉSICO PARA CORREÇÃO DE MIELOMENINGOCELE INTRAUTERINA: RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Santana Heloisa Aparecida de , Moreira Larissa Goveia , Arboes Jose Carlos Dantas , Rangel Alexandre de Miranda , Cruz Cynara Karolina Rodrigues da
Published: February 2025

In this study, we depict a case of anesthetic management in an EXIT procedure for intrauterine myelomeningocele correction. The patient, in a twin gestation with a history of preeclampsia, underwent a combination of spinal anesthesia and balanced general anesthesia. Extensive monitoring was conducted during the procedure, and the patient maintained hemodynamic stability. Given the rarity of this intervention and the necessity for an integrated approach, emphasizing the significance of multimodal anesthesia and meticulous monitoring in complex obstetric procedures. The scarcity of similar cases in the literature underscores the uniqueness of the event.
Manejo da Compulsão Alimentar: Perspectivas Atuais
Authors: Macedo Ryan Rafael Barros de , Filho Pedro Da Silva Alexandrino , Silva Catarine Roque Da , Freitas Sarah Vivian Gonçalves De , Cunha Gabriela Pitrovski Da , Oliveira Ana Luísa Moraes De , Souza Rebeca Suanne Santos De , Alves Sarah Fraporti Mocellin , Silva Evelyn Borges Da , Sanglard Maria Clara Adame Barros , Amaral William Henrique Faria Do , Thiago Julia Oliveira de S. , Silva Hiago Leite Da
Published: February 2025

O Transtorno de Compulsão Alimentar Periódica (TCAP) é caracterizado por episódios de compulsão alimentar seguidos de grande angústia, sem comportamentos compensatórios, sendo um transtorno que afeta significativamente a saúde mental e física dos pacientes. O tratamento de primeira linha envolve intervenções psicológicas baseadas em evidências, com destaque para a Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental (TCC), que tem mostrado eficácia na redução dos episódios de compulsão e na melhoria da psicopatologia associada. Além da TCC, outras terapias psicológicas, como a Psicoterapia Interpessoal (IPT) e a Terapia Comportamental Dialética (DBT), também têm demonstrado benefícios. No campo farmacológico, medicamentos como a lisdexanfetamina têm se mostrado eficazes no controle da compulsão alimentar, embora os resultados a longo prazo ainda necessitem de mais investigação. O manejo do TCAP deve ser realizado por uma equipe multidisciplinar, com acompanhamento contínuo para assegurar a adesão e a eficácia do tratamento.
Eficacia de controladores biológicos en el manejo de Cosmopolites sordidus y Metamasius hemipterus bajo condiciones de laboratorio
Authors: Vera Jurado Fanor Emmanuel , Santana Troya Wimper Manuel , Mayorga Arias David
Published: February 2025

La búsqueda de alternativas ecológicas para el control de C. sordidus, M. hemipterus son necesarias y la utilización de hongos entomopatógenos deben ser consideradas dentro del manejo de estos insectos-plaga; dentro de las especies de hongos entomopatógenos encontramos a Beauveria bassiana y Metarhizium anisopliae como potenciales reguladores naturales de poblaciones de insectos perjudiciales para los cultivos agrícolas. La investigación se realizó en el Laboratorio de Entomología de la Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias. Se utilizaron materiales de laboratorio. Se estudiaron dos factores: a) control de C. sordidus y M. hemipterus, b) dosis y controladores biológicos. Se evaluaron los tratamientos, constituidos por las cepas de hongos, con las respectivas dosis. Se utilizó el diseño experimental Bloques complemente al azar (DCA) con 6 tratamientos, 5 repeticiones. Mediante la prueba de Tukey al 95 % de probabilidades. Se evaluaron las siguientes variables: número de insectos vivos, numero de insectos muertos, porcentaje de micelio y mortalidad. Mediante el análisis de los resultados se determinó que mortalidad de C. sordidus a los 8 días se reportó con el tratamiento B. bassiana 12 g/L (28.00) y el tratamiento químico (Thiamethoxam) 12 ml/L (28.00 %) siendo numéricamente superiores al resto de tratamientos. En la evaluación a los 11 días se observó que el tratamiento M. anisopliae 12 g/L (60.00 %) fue estadísticamente superior al resto de tratamientos. El porcentaje de mortalidad de M. hemipterus a los 8 días se reportó con el tratamiento B. bassiana 12 g/L (28.00 %) y el tratamiento M. anisopliae 8 g/L (28.00 %) siendo numéricamente superiores al resto de tratamientos. En la evaluación a los 11 días se observó que el tratamiento B. bassiana 12 g/L (56.00 %) fue estadísticamente superior al resto de tratamientos.
A Qualitative Study on Community Usage of Antibiotics in Mogadishu-Somalia
Authors: Mohamed Shafii Abdullahi Maalim , Bashir Ahmed Muhammad
Published: February 2025

Aim: This study examines the knowledge and usage of antibiotics among participants in Somalia. Obtaining antibiotics from pharmacies based on perceived indications is common, driven by self-medication or advice from non-medical sources due to financial constraints.

Methods: The study used qualitative research design and data were gathered primarily through in-depth semi-structured interviews, employing a carefully designed interview guide. Participants were intentionally selected to encompass diverse medical and educational backgrounds, ensuring a comprehensive representation of the community. A total of 20 participants were interviewed, providing a sufficiently robust dataset for analysis.

Results: The study reveals that participants have a basic understanding of antibiotics and use them primarily for treating infections, naming specific examples. Dosage guidance varies, with participants relying on pharmacy salespersons, package leaflets, past prescriptions, or medical advice. Non-compliance with prescribed antibiotic courses is also prevalent. Concerns about the quality of antibiotics in the market are expressed, with participants favouring medicines imported from local markets of exporting countries.

Conclusion: The findings underscore the need for education and awareness campaigns to address knowledge gaps and promote responsible antibiotic use. Improving healthcare access, implementing regulatory measures, enhancing pharmaceutical quality, and properly training pharmacy personnel are necessary to ensure safe antibiotic use and combat antibiotic resistance.
Charles Sanders Peirce’ün Pragmatik Felsefesinde Dil Düşünce ve Anlam İlişkisi
Authors: Kara Hasan Hüseyin
Published: February 2025

The Relationship between Language, Thought and Meaning in Charles Sanders Peirce’s Pragmatic PhilosophyrnThis book, examines the relationship between language, thought, and meaning in the pragmatic philosophy of Charles S. Peirce. Through his development of the pragmatic method and his theory of semiotics, Peirce became a pioneer of modern philosophy of language. His pragmatic method aims to clarify closed expressions and metaphysical concepts in propositions. From this point, he chooses to divide the manifestation of the subject rather than dividing existence. Peirce’s categories are phenomenological in structure and consist of Firstness, Secondness, and Thirdness. As a demarcationist philosopher, Peirce attempts to bring the sciences together under the umbrella of his own phenomenology. According to the philosopher, experience creates language, which in turn creates thought, and thought creates meaning. There are three different approaches to the relationship between language, thought, and meaning. The first group argues that thought is primary and language is a tool; the second group argues that language and thought are one; and the third group argues that language creates thought. Since pragmatism is a philosophy of life, its theory of meaning is based on usage. Propositions that contribute to solving problems faced by humans and those that classify indicators are meaningful. The self classifies indicators, constantly receives and sends indicators, and even becomes an indicator itself. The dialogical structure of the self establishes the connection between the self and the world, the self and humans, and the self and society. Meaning is contextual, not fixed. When time and place change, the context changes as well. Therefore, attempts to fix meaning and to reduce the plurality of language to a single form are futile. Using his theory of semiotic play, Peirce evaluates all linguistic expressions as momentary sign (language) games in everyday life.rnKeywords: Pragmatism; Peirce; Categories; Language; Thought; Meaning
Kur’an’da Muhsin Kavramı -Hak Dini Kur’an Dili Bağlamında-
Authors: Ural İlknur
Published: February 2025

The Concept Of Muhsı̇n In The Qur’an –In The Context Of The Hak Dini Kur’ân Dili-rnThe Holy Qur’an is a guide for all humanity and simultaneously a declaration. Allah Almighty, the owner of the revelation, has distinguished those who follow Him and those who turn away from Him in this divine declaration according to their deeds and works. This distinction is reflected in the Holy Qur’an, where there are people mentioned, praised, loved and deemed worthy of many rewards. One of these is “muhsins”. The objective of this study is to enhance the recognition and comprehension of the concept of muhsins and to illuminate humanity in a constructive manner. To achieve this goal, the work of Elmalılı Muhammad Hamdi Yazır, a prominent contemporary period commentator, entitled “Hak Dini Kur’an Dili,” was selected as a reference point.rnOur thesis consists of four chapters including the introduction. In the second chapter following the introduction, the concepts of ihsan and muhsin are analyzed. In the same chapter, the comparison of muhsin with the names with which he has a close relationship is presented. In the other two chapters, our commentator’s views on the subject are included.rnDuring the course of our study, a number of works, theses, articles and books that constitute the source of the science of tafsir, particularly our holy book, the Holy Qur’an, have been utilised. The simplified version of Elmalılı Muhammad Hamdi Yazır’s ‘Hak Dini Kur’ân Dili’, which we refer to as the main source in our study, has been selected as the most appropriate for our purposes.rnThe concept of muhsin in the Qur’an has been evaluated in the context of Elmalılı Muhammad Hamdi Yazır’s work titled “Hak Dini Kur’an Dili”. In the aforementioned work, Elmalılı discussed the attribute of muhsin in relation to Allah, the prophet, and human beings. He provided detailed explanations of this attribute, which he titled in various ways. In the aforementioned titles, the attribute of muhsin of the Almighty Creator is evaluated primarily through examples of grace, and it is discussed in relation to bestowal, beginning with the first creation. When our commentator attributed this attribute to man, he set an example of muhsin in terms of the attitude of the servants towards their Creator and all creatures. Furthermore, Elmalılı drew attention to the significance of the office of muhsin in the relevant work, and also highlighted the pathways to this level on a number of occasions.rnKeywords: Elmalılı Muhammed Hamdi Yazır, ihsan, muhsin, tafsir.
Ahlâk-ı Alâî’de Sorumluluk Bilinci ve Boyutları
Authors: Çamcı Hikmet
Published: February 2025

The Consciousness of Responsibility and its Dimensions in Ahlâk-ı AlâîrnIn Ahlâq-ı Alâî, the consciousness of responsibility and its dimensions, the fact that man is only a consumer and the problems that arise as a result of this are discussed. The study, which assumes that the problems arising are related to the responsibility consciousness of human beings, consists of two chapters and a conclusion, except the introduction. In the first chapter, the basic concepts related to the consciousness of responsibility in Ahlâq-ı Alâî are analysed. In this chapter, the moral conceptions of some philosophers who are assumed to have influenced this work are also included. In the second chapter, the concept of consciousness of responsibility in Ahlâq-ı Alâî is searched. This subject has been analysed in two main sections: the sources of the consciousness of responsibility in Ahlâq-ı Alâî and the place and dimensions of the consciousness of responsibility in Kınalızâde’s thought. The sources of the consciousness of responsibility have been studied within the framework of reason, religion and society. In the section on the place and dimensions of the consciousness of responsibility, after explaining Kınalızâde’s understanding of morality, the dimensions of the consciousness of responsibility are analysed. These dimensions are one’s responsibilities towards oneself, one’s responsibilities towards the other (nature, society, etc.), and one’s responsibilities towards God. The book, which can be considered as an introductory level study, analyses the consciousness of responsibility and his understanding of morality in Kınalızâde’s Ahlâq-ı Alâî according to these three dimensions. In the conclusion, a general evaluation is made on the subject.rnKeywords: Religion; Philosophy; Ethic; Kınalızâde Ali Efendi; Responsibility Consciousness
Kur’ân’ın Nüzûlü ve Kadr Sûresi Tefsiri
Authors: Gürman Ceyda
Published: February 2025

The Revelation of the Qur’ān and the Tafsīr of Surah al-QadrrnThis book, which aims to make a modest contribution to the field of Qur’ānic sciences and tafsīr studies, consists of two parts. In the first part, the issue of the nuzūl of the Qur’ān, which was sent as a guide and source of guidance for all humanity, is examined comprehensively and comparatively. A conceptual framework is drawn by addressing the lexical and terminological meanings of the word nuzūl, the concepts of inzāl and tanzīl, and the relationship of the Qur’ān with collective or gradual revelation. Additionally, focusing on the concept of wahy, the modes of communication between Allah, Jibrīl, and the Prophet, the nature of Lawh-i Mahfūz and Bayt al-‘Izzah, and how the modes of revelation mentioned in Sūrat al-Shūrā, verse 51, should be understood are explained. The impact of societal needs, questions, and problems on the revelation of verses and the subject of gradual revelation (tadrīj) are also emphasized. In the second part, Sūrat al-Qadr, which addresses the Night of Decree when the Qur’ān began to be revealed, is examined in detail. The names of the sūrah, the meanings of these names, its sabab al-nuzūl, the debates regarding whether it is Makkī or Madanī, and its place in the chronological order of revelation are explained using tables and analyzed extensively. In the context of Fadā’il al-Qur’ān, narrations regarding the sūrah found in classical sources are touched upon, and its characteristics are discussed in the context of Munāsabāt al-Qur’ān. Evaluations are made regarding the place of Sūrah al-Qadr in both the Mushaf arrangement and the order of revelation. Comments on the notion of the Night of Decree (Laylat al-Qadr) being “better than a thousand months” are included, as well as detailed lexical and grammatical explanations of the sūrah, differences in qirā’āt, the descent of the angels and the Rūh, and the nature of salām. As a result, the sūrah is interpreted in detail based on the views of both classical and modern mufassirūn.rnKeywords: Tafsīr; Qur’ān; Revelation; Wahy; Surah al-Qadr
Islamic Solidarity Values in The Philosophy of Pancasila
Authors: Cahyati Ade Cici Nur , Ariska Ariska , Shafa Aulia Nuranida , Azzahra Nadia , Ardiyanti Nadya Tri , Ningsih Yulia , Rizti Zahwa Ananda
Published: February 2025

The application of ukhuwah values in society faces challenges such as social polarization, inter-group conflicts, identity discrimination, and radicalism, which shows that the ideality of ukhuwah in Pancasila has not been achieved. The purpose of this study is to identify the values of ukhuwah in Pancasila. This research uses a literature study approach with indicators of ukhuwah contained in Pancasila. The research data was obtained through journal reviews, and the analysis was conducted with data verification. The findings of this study confirm that the values of ukhuwah basyariyah, watthoniyah, and islamiyah have strong relevance to Pancasila as a moral framework in building brotherhood and harmony amid the diversity of Indonesian society. The theoretical implications of this study show that the values of ukhuwah in Pancasila can be a universal foundation for building harmonious social relations. The limitation of this study is the difference in interpretation regarding the deep meaning of the values of ukhuwah basyariyah, watthoniyah, and islamiyah, especially in its implementation in the life of the nation and state.
Susan Glaspell and the Midwest Playwrights’ Bureau of the Federal Theatre Project
Authors: Ben-Zvi Linda
Published: February 2025

In the winter of 1936, Hallie Flanagan invited Susan Glaspell to head the Midwest Playwrights Bureau of the Federal Theatre Project. Glaspell was an excellent choice: as co-founder of the Provincetown Players, she had first-hand experience administering a theatre company, soliciting and selecting original plays, and encouraging new playwrights. She also brought her reputation as the most prominent woman playwright in America at the time. Her eleven plays written during her Provincetown years (1916- 1922) had created new dramatic forms, and her later work Alison’s House received the Pulitzer Prize for drama in 1930. This essay explores Glaspell’s work for the FTP, which has received little critical attention, and focuses particularly on her significant support of Theodore Ward’s Big White Fog and her initiation of and involvement in the production of Arnold Sundgaard’s Living Newspaper Spirochete, two of the most important and original works staged by the FTP.
The Promise of It Can’t Happen Here: Performances of History in Times of Crisis
Authors: Osborne Elizabeth
Published: February 2025

On October 27, 1936, the Federal Theatre Project staged one of its great triumphs: Sinclair Lewis and John C. Moffitt’s It Can’t Happen Here. The play rehearsed how the United States could become a totalitarian state bit by bit. I argue that the piece operates as a potential future that played out for audiences in the imagined space of the theatre as a preventative lesson, with the intent of activating individual and community responses to fascism. In October 2016, Berkeley Repertory Theatre resurrected the play in a new adaptation by Tony Taccone and Bennett Cohen. Another presidential candidate railed against the mainstream media and intellectual elite. With this return to It Can’t Happen Here, Berkeley Rep brought a performance from a specific moment in history into the present. Employing cultural history and literary analysis, this article compares the novel, FTP production, and the Berkeley Rep production. Federal Theatre Project, Sinclair Lewis, It Can’t Happen Here, Berkeley Repertory Theatre, Tony Taccone, Bennett Cohen, Fascism, Historical performance.
Zora Neale Hurston’s “Real Negro Theater” and the Negro Unit of the Federal Theater Project in New York
Authors: Raynaud Claudine
Published: February 2025

Short-lived and poorly documented, Zora Neale Hurston’s work within the New York Negro Unit deserves to be examined in the context of the Negro Units. That environment throws light on her own dramatic and novelistic output, as well as the concerts or musical theater she produced. In 1935, Hurston joined the “Negro Unit” of the WPA’s Federal Theater Project in New York, based at the Lafayette Theatre, as a “drama coach,” to work on the production of Walk Together Chillun and asked to write a black folk adaptation of Aristophanes’ Lysistrata that was never produced. The manuscript did not survive. Theodore Browne (Seattle Negro Unit) staged a production also titled Lysistrata (1937) while J.A. Smith and Peter Morrell’s Turpentine (1936) bears comparison with Hurston’s 1944 Polk County. Even if her stay at the Negro Unit was cut short, her desire to have her folklore material and her plays brought to the stage is reverberated by that environment.
Percepción de Seguridad en el AGEB 013-7 y su Impacto en el Acceso a la Salud
Authors: Gutiérrez Nava Miguel Alberto , Dorantes Arellano Araceli , Garces Mendoza Itzel , Martínez Cárdenas Karina , Serafin Badillo Michell , Nava Ortega Elizabeth
Published: February 2025

Este estudio evaluó la percepción de seguridad y su impacto en el acceso a servicios de salud en el Área Geoestadística Básica (AGEB) 013-7 de la Colonia Los Padres, alcaldía La Magdalena Contreras, mediante la aplicación de 100 encuestas aleatorias. Los resultados indican que el 80% de los encuestados han residido en la zona por más de un año, lo que sugiere una estabilidad residencial asociada al conocimiento de experiencias comunitarias en materia de seguridad. La principal preocupación identificada fue la inseguridad: el 50% de los participantes la señala como el problema central y más del 50% percibe que la comunidad enfrenta una situación constante de riesgo. Asimismo, el 50% manifestó no sentirse seguro al transitar solo por las calles cercanas, lo que limita la movilidad y afecta directamente el acceso a centros de salud. En contraste, el 30% considera la zona segura, en tanto no ha experimentado amenazas directas. Adicionalmente, se observó que el 100% de los encuestados reportó haber vivido o conocer a alguien que ha vivido situaciones que amenazan su integridad; el 60% destacó la presencia frecuente de consumo de alcohol en espacios públicos, y el 20% mencionó haber tenido contacto directo o indirecto con intentos de robo o asalto. La preocupación por la pobreza (30%) y el aumento de precios (20%) complementa la problemática de inseguridad, evidenciando la intersección de determinantes sociales que agravan el acceso a servicios esenciales, incluyendo la atención sanitaria. Estos hallazgos demuestran que la inseguridad, especialmente en comunidades vulnerables, constituye una barrera significativa para el acceso equitativo a los servicios básicos como es la salud, afectando la calidad de vida de los habitantes. Se recomienda implementar estrategias integrales que incluyan el fortalecimiento de la seguridad pública (patrullajes, cámaras de vigilancia, iluminación adecuada) y la promoción de la participación ciudadana para mejorar tanto el entorno urbano como el acceso a servicios de salud.
Use of Nanoparticles in Pharmaceutical and Drug Delivery Systems: Advances and Challenges
Authors: Awais Ibrahim  , Sehar ul Islam  , Rabeea Razaq  , Sana Siddique  , Muhammad Azeem Rao  , Nimra Sardar  , Syed Mohsin Ali Gardazi  , Anum Sabir  , Malka Saba Bashir  , Rehana
Published: February 2025

Nanoparticles represent a significant innovation in pharmaceutical drug delivery, tackling essential issues such as inadequate solubility, restricted bioavailability, and systemic toxicity of medicinal medicines. Their distinctive physicochemical characteristics, such as nanoscale dimensions, elevated surface area-to-volume ratio, and adjustable surface functions, provide accurate targeting and regulated drug release, rendering them essential for contemporary medicine. This review synthesizes contemporary advances, obstacles, and emerging trends in nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery methods. This analysis focuses on essential nanoparticle types, including liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, and lipid nanoparticles, emphasizing their applications in oncology, gene therapy, and RNA-based vaccinations. Despite significant advancements, the analysis highlights persistent limitations such as biocompatibility, stability, regulatory obstacles, and deficiencies in comprehending biodistribution and long-term toxicity. The paper examines creative strategies to tackle these issues, including stimuli-responsive nanoparticles, theranostic systems, and biomimetic designs. Moreover, it underscores the use of cutting-edge innovations, such as artificial intelligence for nanoparticle optimization and advanced manufacturing methods, to improve scalability and efficiency. Future research will be enhanced by resolving the current shortcomings and broadening the applicability of nanoparticles to fields such as regenerative medicine and brain-targeted therapeutics. This study highlights the revolutionary capacity of nanoparticles to improve pharmaceutical drug delivery and emphasizes the necessity for ongoing interdisciplinary collaboration to convert these advancements into clinical and economic success.
Early and Very Early Discharge After Uncomplicated Primary PCI: A Comparative Observational Study
Authors: Zohaib Sadiq  , Sarmad Zahoor  , Shirjeel Murtaza  , Sadia Iqbal  , Uzma Majeed  , Muhammad Arshad
Published: February 2025

Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) continues to be a leading cause of mortality worldwide. The standard treatment involves prompt management with Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PPCI); however, the optimal duration of hospital stay following PPCI remains an area of ongoing investigation. This study aimed to assess the safety and outcomes associated with very early discharge (VED) in patients after uncomplicated PPCI. This prospective observational study included 148 STEMI patients treated at a leading cardiac center in Lahore, Pakistan, from August 2022 to August 2023. Participants were categorized into two groups: those discharged within 24 hours (very early discharge group) and those discharged between 24 and 48 hours (early discharge group) post-PPCI. Baseline characteristics, procedural details, and early outcomes were documented. The primary outcomes were Major Adverse Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Events (MACCE) at 7-day and 30-day follow-ups. Data analysis was performed using Student's t-tests, Chi-square tests, and logistic regression. A p-value of ≤0.05 was deemed statistically significant. The primary outcomes were assessed as Major Adverse Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Events (MACCE) at 7-day and 30-day follow-ups. The study found no significant differences in MACCE rates between the very early discharge group (5.43% at 7 days and 10.8% at 30 days) and the early discharge group (5.35% at 7 days and 10.7% at 30 days), with p-values of 0.98 and 0.97, respectively. VED criteria included successful PCI, LVEF ≥ 40%, and no major in-hospital complications. The discharge of low-risk patients within 24 hours after uncomplicated PPCI was found to be safe and feasible and indeed an effective strategy to improve bed utilization and reduce healthcare cost without increasing the risk for adverse outcome.
Effect of Thyroid Disorders on Cardiovascular Risk in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Furqan Mushtaq  , Aqsa Amjad  , Maryam Junaid Qureshi  , Aisha Butt  , Mansoor Ahmad  , Hafiz Muhammad Ali Haider  , Ali Raza
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Thyroid disorders and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are two interlinked endocrine conditions that frequently coexist. Emerging evidence suggests that thyroid dysfunction may exacerbate cardiovascular risks in T2DM patients by influencing lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and vascular health. Objective: To evaluate the impact of thyroid disorders, including hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, on cardiovascular risk profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methodology: This study examined the relationship between thyroid function and cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Shalamar Hospital, Lahore, during July to December 2024. A total of 175 participants met the inclusion criteria, ensuring reliable thyroid function assessments. Data collection involved thyroid function tests, lipid profiles, blood pressure monitoring, and echocardiographic evaluations. Statistical analysis using SPSS v26 included descriptive statistics, t-tests, and chi-square tests, with significance set at p<0.05. The study’s findings contribute to understanding the impact of thyroid function on cardiovascular health in diabetic patients, potentially aiding in better disease management and risk stratification strategies. Results: Thyroid dysfunction affected 40% of patients, with hypothyroidism (25%) being most common. Patients with thyroid disorders showed higher LDL (135 mg/dL vs. 100 mg/dL), triglycerides (180 mg/dL vs. 140 mg/dL), arterial stiffness (60% vs. 35%), and systemic inflammation (CRP 6.5 mg/L vs. 3.8 mg/L). Glycemic control was poorer, with HbA1c 8.2% vs. 7.5%, highlighting increased cardiovascular risk in this population. Conclusion: Thyroid dysfunction is a significant modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular complications in T2DM patients. Early detection and management of thyroid disorders could mitigate cardiovascular risks and improve overall outcomes.
Ammobaculites (Foraminifera): Living Fossils in Southern Western Australian Estuaries
Authors: Haig David W.
Published: February 2025

Ammobaculites assemblages are recorded from five localities selected during reconnaissance sampling of shallow-water mud in the hyposaline reaches of Wellstead Estuary, Kalgan River, Frankland River, Walpole Inlet and Hardy Inlet. The aim of the study was to: (1) find potential living populations that in future could be the subject of biological, including molecular, investigations, and (2) describe the morphological variation in the recovered assemblages. In the geological record, Ammobaculites is one of the longest ranging multichambered genera within the Phylum Foraminifera, and is common in shallow-marine mudstone facies of Gondwanan/Australian interior basins of the Late Paleozoic and Mesozoic. The southern Western Australian estuarine Ammobaculites are compared to five main morphotypes recognized in this genus among the global estuarine fauna. The most common form here is referred to Ammobaculites sp. ex. gr. A. exiguus; and another species, although related to one of the morphotype groups, does not appear to have close counterparts elsewhere. Species confirmation and comparisons to morphologically close forms in eastern Australian and on other continents must await future rDNA sequence study. The modern Ammobaculites are also compared to Australian continental fossil assemblages from the Permian, Triassic and Cretaceous, in which there are close morphological analogues. The modern types are living fossils whose future study could contribute to resolution of questions concerning the geological longevity of the genus, the morphological and potential genetic conservatism within the genus, and how such similar morphotypes that thrive in isolated ephemeral mud in marginal-marine environments can disperse across regions and continents in both space and time.
Discussion on ‘A. R. Wallace in the Light of Historical Method’ by John Van Wyhe
Authors: SMITH CHARLES H. , BECCALONI GEORGE , WILLIAMS JAMES D. , PARTRIDGE DEREK
Published: February 2025

The recent article by historian John van Wyhe purports to identify seventeen ‘myths’ concerning the life and work of naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace. Here we briefly describe what we feel is wrong with them, and refer to published literature that extend these arguments. Our objections do not extend to the ‘historical method’ van Wyhe adopts, but instead to the way he has ignored the criticisms of peers to the extent of not even acknowledging their scholarly articles.
AUTOMATIC ANALYSIS OF VISUAL CUES FOR TUBERCULOSIS DETECTION SYSTEM USING DEEP LEARNING TECHNIQUES
Authors: Ayoob Keenjhar , Chandio Ruqayya Ayoob
Published: February 2025

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health challenge, causing significant morbidity and mortality. Early and accurate detection is crucial for timely treatment and disease control. Traditional TB diagnosis relies on radiologists analyzing chest X-rays (CXRs), a process that is time-consuming and prone to variability. Advances in artificial intelligence, particularly deep learning, have facilitated the development of computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) systems capable of automating TB detection with improved efficiency and consistency.
Objective: This study aimed to develop an automated TB detection system utilizing deep learning techniques to segment lung regions and classify TB-infected CXRs, enhancing diagnostic accuracy and reducing reliance on manual interpretation.
Methods: A fully convolutional network (FCN) based segmentation model was implemented to isolate lung regions from CXRs, followed by post-processing techniques to refine segmentation accuracy. The classification module employed a ResNet architecture to differentiate between normal and TB-positive cases. The model was trained and validated on three datasets: the Japanese Society of Radiological Technology (JSRT), Montgomery County (MC), and a locally curated dataset. For classification, the Shenzhen dataset was used. Model performance was evaluated using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC), and the area under the curve (AUC).
Results: Segmentation accuracy was 97.1% for JSRT, 97.7% for MC, and 94.2% for the local dataset. DSC values were recorded as 95.1%, 95.4%, and 88.0%, respectively. The classification model achieved 84.4% accuracy, with sensitivity of 84.4%, specificity of 90.09%, and AUC of 95.0%. Comparative analysis demonstrated competitive performance with existing methodologies.
Conclusion: The proposed deep learning-based CAD system effectively automates TB detection, improving diagnostic efficiency. The integration of advanced segmentation and classification techniques enhances accuracy, facilitating early TB screening. Future research should explore optimizing classification through hybrid deep learning models for improved clinical applicability.
Educational Materials Addressing Industry and Market Developments: Introduction to the Special Issue
Authors:   University of Calgary, Hall David
Published: February 2025

The agriculture and agri-food industries rely on useful case studies and teaching materials to assist in knowledge communication and transfer of matters relating to technology change and adoption of new innovations, a supportive regulatory environment, equitable access to information, and corporate responsibility, among other issues. Valuable case studies and lesson materials may be underappreciated where it is not accompanied by rigorous data analysis and hypothesis testing. This introductory note summarizes the importance of eight contributions to the teaching literature and argues that these contributions can play substantial a role in helping with teaching fundamental concepts in agricultural economics and agribusiness.
Pengaruh Pengembangan Karir dan Kompensasi Terhadap Turnover Intention Pada Generasi Z di Indonesia
Authors: Muhammad Abi Ikhwanudin  , Puspita Wulansari
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the influence of career development and compensation on turnover intention among Generation Z in Indonesia. The high turnover intention phenomenon within Generation Z has impacted company sustainability. This study examines the relationship between career development, compensation, and the intention to leave a job among young workers. The research employed a quantitative descriptive approach, surveying 215 respondents. The variables studied included career development, compensation, and turnover intention. Data analysis was conducted using the SEM-PLS method to test the relationships between variables. The results revealed that career development and compensation, both partially and simultaneously, do not significantly influence turnover intention. Neither optimal nor inadequate career development and compensation affect employees' intentions to leave their jobs. In conclusion, companies should consider other factors, such as organizational culture or work-life balance, to better understand turnover intention among Generation Z. This study provides theoretical and practical contributions and recommends further exploration of other influencing factors.
Exploratory Behaviour and Risk-taking in Two Legless Lizard Species in Bulgaria: the Common Slow Worm Anguis fragilis L., 1758 and the Eastern Slow Worm Anguis colchica (Nordmann, 1840) (Squamata: Anguidae)
Authors: Spasova Venislava
Published: February 2025

Exploratory behaviour in animals is considered a driver of dispersal propensity, which might result in colonisation of new environments and population range expansion in the long term. To find out whether the patterns of exploratory behaviour and risk-taking in the slow worm, Anguis fragilis (L., 1758) differ from that of the eastern slow worm, A. colchica (Nordmann, 1840), the behaviour of nine A. fragilis and seven A. colchica individuals was tested. Escape latency at capture and response to a novel environment and a new object in captivity were assessed. Slow worms of A. fragilis were more exploratory than A. colchica but no difference in risk-taking between the two species was found. Probably the higher exploratory activity of A. fragilis, compared to A. colchica, could be connected to its wider vertical distribution and greater diversity of habitat occupancy.