bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Awareness and Acceptability of Breast Reconstruction Among Women with Breast Cancer in Twin Cities of Islamabad and Rawalpindi
Authors: Mehmood Mehwish , Aslam Ayesha , Ahmed Waqas , Aman Sameena , Ali Ahmed , Feroze Hira , Saleem Nousheen
Published: January 2024

Objective: To determine the frequency of awareness and acceptability of breast reconstruction surgery among women in the twin cities of Islamabad and Rawalpindi.Study Design: Cross-sectional study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Department of Plastic Surgery, Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from October 2022 to June 2023.Methods: A total of 271 patients between 20-70 years of age with a diagnosis of breast cancer were included. Demographic details, including marital status, education, residence, occupation, family history, awareness of breast reconstruction, and source of information about breast reconstruction, were documented on a proforma. All patients received information regarding breast reconstruction, and records of the frequency of acceptability and contributing factors were made. Data analysis was carried out by using SPSS 25.0.Results: The mean age of patients was 43.41 ± 8.98 years. Out of 271 patients, 114 patients (42.1%) had an awareness of breast reconstruction. The primary source of information was the treating physician in 60 out of 114 patients (52.6%). Breast reconstruction acceptability was reported in 110 out of 271 patients (40.6%). Family support was the most common reason for acceptance in 43 out of 110 patients (39.1%).Conclusion: Efforts need to be made at the community level to educate the general population about breast cancer treatment options, including breast reconstruction. Education was significantly associated with increased awareness and acceptability for breast reconstruction. Better cosmetic outcomes and family support were the factors for increased acceptability, while financial constraints and family pressures were reasons for the vice versa.How to cite this: Mehmood M, Aslam A, Ahmed W, Aman S, Ali A, Feroze H, Saleem N. Awareness and Acceptability of Breast Reconstruction Among Women with Breast Cancer in Twin Cities of Islamabad and Rawalpindi. Life and Science. 2024; 5(1): 9-15. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.509
Effectiveness of Postoperative Analgesia with Rectal Placement of Diclofenac Sodium in Patients Undergoing Gynecological and Obstetrical Surgeries under General Anesthesia
Authors: Saeed Riffat , Mahboob Anam , Mahmood Ali Syed , Latif Amer , Ammar Tooba , Kakepotto Irfan Ali
Published: January 2024

Objective: To determine the frequency of need for postoperative intravenous analgesia after rectal diclofenac suppository in patients undergoing lower abdominal gynecological or obstetrical surgery under general anesthesiaStudy Design: Cross-sectional study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Operation Theater and Postoperative Ward of Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan from January 2021 to July 2021.Methods: A total of 245 women undergoing gynecological and obstetrical surgeries under general anesthesia were enrolled in the study using non-probability consecutive sampling. All the participants were recruited after obtaining informed consent and meeting the inclusion criteria. All subjects had a single 100mg diclofenac suppository inserted rectally after undergoing general anesthesia, and their Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores for postoperative analgesia were recorded immediately after surgery and again at 1, 6, and 24 hours.Results: The mean age of the patients was 37 years, with a standard deviation of 6.2. The mean VAS (Visual Analog Scale) scores at 1, 6, 12, and 24 hours were 3 (±1.24), 5 (±1.46), 7 (±1.93), and 6 (±2.14), respectively. The need for rescue analgesia was reported in 15.9% of cases at 1 hour, 37.1% at 6 hours, 82% at 12 hours, and 68.2% at 24 hours.Conclusion: The administration of diclofenac via rectal placement led to a notable decrease in Visual Analog Scale scores and a lower incidence of needing additional pain relief within the first 6 hours after surgery.

How to cite this: Saeed R, Mahboob A, Ali SM, Latif A, Ammar T, Kakepotto IA. Requirement of Postoperative Analgesia after Per Rectal Placement of Diclofenac Sodium in Patients Undergoing Gynecological and Obstetrical Surgeries under General Anesthesia. Life and Science. 2024; 5(1): 120-125. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.515
Maternal Hypothyroidism-Induced Impaired Development of Neurons in Rat Offspring: Insights for Antenatal Care
Authors: Fahad Tayyaba , Ali Shabana , Qureshi Tayyaba , Khan Noor Fatima
Published: January 2024

Objective: To determine the effect of maternal hypothyroidism on the development of neurons in the motor cortex of rat pups by using light microscopy. Study Design: Laboratory-based experimental study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in collaboration with the National Institute of Health (NIH) Islamabad and the Department of Anatomy, Islamic International Medical College, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan from March 2023 to May 2023.Methods: In this study, 24 females and 12 male Sprague dawley rats were sorted into control and hypothyroid groups. The control group received a standard diet and plain drinking water throughout the study. In contrast, the hypothyroid group had 4.5mg of propylthiouracil administered per rat per day, mixed into their drinking water. This treatment started a week before mating and continued until three weeks after delivery. Once successful mating was confirmed via vaginal plugs, gestation proceeded, and newborn pups were born after nd three weeks, having full access to maternal lactation for 21 days. On the 22 day after birth, dissection took place, and the brains of the pups were carefully removed. Coronal sections of the motor cortex were then obtained for subsequent examination.Results: The control group displayed a typical pattern of neurogenesis, characterized by the normal structure of cortical neurons. On the other hand, intracellular vacuolation, glial cell necrosis, and reduced Nissl rim thickness were statistically significant in hypothyroid group which collectively pointed to atypical neurogenesis. Conclusion: This study highlights the adverse effects of maternal hypothyroidism on the structural integrity of cortical neurons. It focuses on increasing awareness and implementing thorough prenatal healthcare strategies.How to cite this: Fahad T, Ali S, Qureshi T, Khan NF. Maternal Hypothyroidism-Induced Impaired Development of Neurons in Rat Offspring: Insights for Antenatal Care. Life and Science. 2024; 5(1): 68-74. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.525
Existence and Stability Results of Nonlinear Random Impulsive Integro-Differential Evolution Equations with Time-Varying Delays
Authors: Maqbol Sahar M. A. , Jain R. S. , Reddy B. S.
Published: January 2024

This study examines the existence, uniqueness, and stability of nonlinear random impulsive integrodifferential equations with time-varying delays under sufficient conditions. Our study is based on the Leray-Schauder alternative fixed point theorem, Pachpatte’s inequality, and the Banach contraction principle. Besides, we generalize, extend, and develop some results for Kasinathan et al.
Neutrophil Elastase is Identified as a Key Regulator of Atherosclerosis and Immune Infiltration by Multi-Omics
Authors: An Weiwei , Ke Wanhai , Li Yang , Cao Chun-Mei
Published: January 2024

Neutrophil elastase is a serine protease. The function of neutrophil elastase in vascular targeted therapies in oncology was analyzed by multi-omics analysis. By comparing the neutrophil elastase mRNA levels in atherosclerotic and normal blood vessels, we observed that neutrophil elastase was elevated in atherosclerotic arteries. The neutrophil elastase mRNA expression level in most tumors was lower than in the adjacent tissues, which is not conducive to the clinical prognosis of extensive tumors. Interestingly, neutrophil elastase was highly expressed in colon cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and acute myeloid leukemia. There was a positive relationship between neutrophil elastase and the fibroblast immune invasion of various tumors. Furthermore, we obtained 20 hub genes from Cytoscape and verified their mRNA levels in a mouse model of atherosclerosis. The results showed that they were highly expressed in the arteries of mice with high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis as well as in human atherosclerotic plaques. Neutrophil elastase inhibitors suppressed the ox-low-density-lipoprotein-induced cathepsin G expression. Neutrophil elastase is not only an important risk factor for atherosclerosis but also an important oncogene and a potentially important target in cancer patients with arterial diseases.
Evaluation of the Performance of the Equations of State Available in CFTurbo for Air
Authors: Moutsios Vasileios , Margaris Dionissios , Pittas Nicholas
Published: January 2024

In this publication, we evaluate the performance of equations of state Perfect Gas, Redlich-Kwong, Aungier/ Redlich-Kwong, Soave/ Redlich-Kwong, Peng-Robinson, and Cool Prop in calculating the properties of air at temperatures between 250 K to 800_K and pressure between 1 bar to 250 bar. Firstly, we research the available literature to find the real density (or molar volume or specific volume) at each point. Then we create these equations and use the temperature and density (or molar volume or specific volume) to calculate the pressure, which is then compared to the pressure of the real values. This comparison evaluates the performance of each equation. Finally, we compare our calculations with online calculators to verify our results and comment on the performance of each equation.
Modeling and Analysis of the Monotonic Stability of the Solutions of a Dynamical System
Authors: Luybimov Vladislv V.
Published: January 2024

This study aims to develop an approach for the qualitative analysis of the monotonic stability of specific solutions in a dynamical system. This system models the motion of a point along a conical surface, specifically a straight and truncated circular cone. It consists of two nonlinear ordinary differential equations of the first order, each in a unique form and dependent on a particular parameter. Our proposed method utilizes traditional mathematical analysis of a function with a single independent variable, integrated with combinatorial elements. This methodology enables the precise determination of various qualitative cases where the chosen function's value monotonically decreases as a point moves along the conical surface from a specified starting point to a designated point within a final circular region. We assume that the system's partial solutions include a finite number of inflection points and multiple linear intervals.
Systematic analysis of the pharmacology of standardized extracts of human placenta
Authors: Bogacheva T. E. , Torshin I. Yu. , Gromova O. A.
Published: January 2024

Currently, the study of promising “biogenic stimulants” that exhibit pathogenetic effects in relation to various diseases continues. The first results of studies of peptide “biogenic stimulants” based on human placenta extracts (HPE) were obtained by Prof. Filatov VP in the thirties of the 20th century. Currently, through modern methods of postgenomic pharmacology (including high-precision mass spectrometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and sequencing), it becomes possible to obtain new data on the structure and functions of peptide extracts, which indicates the molecular pharmacological mechanisms of their action. Analysis of peptide fractions of individual standardized ENPs and the results of clinical studies of these ENPs indicate a wide range of clinical applications of ENPs: (1) liver diseases; (2) viral diseases — COVID-19, etc.; (3) diseases accompanied by iron overload and hyperferritinemia; (4) chronic fatigue syndrome; (5) skin diseases; (6) joint pathologies; (7) acceleration of wound healing; (8) diseases associated with the female reproductive system.
Study of antacid effect of the drug Antareit® in healthy volunteers
Authors: Zakharov K. A. , Vasilyuk V. B. , Goncharov A. S. , Goncharov I. S. , Losevich A. V. , Grigorev A. V. , Verbitskaya E. V. , Globenko A. A. , Kapashin A. V. , Pasko M. A.
Published: January 2024

The aim. Study of pharmacodynamic parameters and confirmation of pharmacodynamic equivalence (bioequivalence) of the drugs Antareit® (INN: magaldrate), chewable tablets, 800 mg (Valenta Pharm JSC, Russia) and Riopan (INN magaldrate), chewable tablets, 800 mg (Takeda GmbH, Germany). Material and methods. An open randomized crossover study was conducted to investigate the pharmacodynamics of the study drug Antareit® and the reference drug Riopan, assessing their bioequivalence after taking 2 chewable tablets of the study or reference drug 3 times a day. The study involved 40 healthy volunteers who were randomized into 2 groups of 20 people depending on the sequence of drug administration in study periods I and II. Intragastric acidity was measured with a pH-probe within 30 minutes before and for one hour after taking the study drugs. Based on the data obtained, 90% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for the pharmacodynamic parameter AUCABL, reflecting the area above the baseline pH. The safety of the study drugs was assessed by the frequency and severity of adverse events (AEs). Results. Statistical analysis showed that the 90% CI for the ratio of the mean values of the AUC ABL parameter of the study drug to the reference drug did not fall below 80% (90% CI: 80.55–119.49). During the study, 18 adverse events (AEs) were reported in 15.4% (6 of 39) of volunteers in the safety population, and there were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of AEs between groups, nor in the incidence of AEs depending on the drug taken. Conclusion. The studied drugs are pharmacodynamically equivalent and have a similar safety profile when administered repeatedly.
Development of the optimal scheme for the synthesis of the dipeptide TSPO ligand, N-phenylpropionyl-L-tryptophanyl-L-leucine amide (GD-102), a potential anxiolytic drug
Authors: Deeva O. A.
Published: January 2024

Previously at the Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology the first dipeptide ligand TSPO, the compound N-phenylpropionyl-L-tryptophanyl-L-leucine amide (laboratory code GD-102), was designed and synthesized. The anxiolytic activity was detected for this compound at the doses 0.01–1.0 mg/kg intraperitoneally (ip) in mice. Dipeptide GD-102 also possessed antidepressant-like activity at the doses 0.01 and 0.05 mg/kg ip in BALB/c mice in the Porsolt forced swim test. The ligand properties of dipeptide GD-102 to TSPO were confirmed by pharmacological inhibitory analysis and molecular docking. This work is devoted to the development of the optimal scheme for the synthesis of the GD-102. 3 methods were tried — 1 activated succinimide esters method, 2 activated pentafluorophenyl ethers method and 3 imidazolide method. These three synthesis schemes have been compared in terms of yield and optical purity of the final product. It was shown that the optimal synthesis scheme is the first one, using succinimide esters.
LINGUISTIC MEANS OF POLITICAL CORRECTNESS HIGHLIGHTING SOCIAL PROBLEMS IN ENGLISH AND FRENCH MEDIA DISCOURSE
Authors: Tomasheva Irina Vladimirovna , Belyaeva Irina Olegovna
Published: January 2024

The article compares the linguistic markers of political correctness in English and French media discourse. It focuses on the axiological aspect of their functioning in the context of social issues in electronic news publications. The authors make a comparative analysis of the linguistic means used by English and French journalists to cover politically correct issues.
ANALYSIS OF CONSUMER SPENDING OF THE POPULATION OF THE DONETSK PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC
Authors: Polovyan Aleksey Vladimirovich , Sinitsyna Karina Igorevna
Published: January 2024

The article presents the results of the analysis of consumer spending of socio-demographic groups of the population living in the Donetsk People's Republic for 2022-2023. The assessment of the degree of structural changes in the consumer basket of the population according to the coefficients of K. Gatev and A. Salai was carried out.
ZOOHYGIENIC ASSESSMENT OF THE CONDITIONS OF KEEPING TROTTING RACEHORSES IN A PRIVATE STABLE
Authors: Kuznetsova Elena Leonidovna , Danilova Nadezhda Ivanovna , Yandukova Ekaterina Alexandrovna
Published: January 2024

In this paper, a zoohygienic assessment of the conditions of keeping racehorses of trotting breed was carried out.
THE VALUE PERCEPTION OF HEALTH AND ITS REFLECTION IN THE GERMAN-LANGUAGE MEDIA 2020-2022
Authors: Karpunina Irina Vladimirovna
Published: January 2024

The article seeks to define the value of Health in media texts of newspapers and magazines in Germany during two periods: before and after the year 2020. The conditional boundary of the periods is the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic. An analysis of modal and other linguistic means expressing the value of Health is carried out and the dynamics of value orientations of the German-speaking society are investigated.
LAW-MAKING POLICY AS A FACTOR IN IMPROVING BUSINESS LAW
Authors: Dyachenko Olga Viktorovna , Mazurenko Andrey Petrovich
Published: January 2024

The doctrinal aspects of improving business law with the help of law-making policy are considered. Various points of view on the content and purpose of this type of legal policy of the state are analyzed, as well as author's conclusions are drawn about its potential to influence certain branches of law.
EVOLUTION OF CREMATORIUM ARCHITECTURE IN EUROPE
Authors: Shirkunova Elizaveta Alekseevna , Tretyakova Elena Germanovna
Published: January 2024

The article discusses the key stages of the crematorium architecture formation. The first significant examples of this type of architecture are given.
CALENTAMIENTO GLOBAL, ESTABILIZACIÓN DE LA BIOSFERA DE LA TIERRA
Authors: Kell Lev Sergeevich
Published: January 2024

De acuerdo con los datos disponibles de la paleoclimatología sobre el estado del clima de la Tierra en épocas pasadas, el calentamiento global tiene efectos principalmente positivos. Tal vez una de las principales tareas planetarias de la humanidad es devolver el dióxido de carbono a la atmósfera de la Tierra, que se le quitó en períodos anteriores de desarrollo en forma de caustobiolitas (carbón, petróleo, gas, etc. - estabilizar el ciclo del carbono de la Biosfera?
SPECIFICS OF INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS AMONG CLIENTS OF FITNESS CENTERS
Authors: Kozhukhar Galina Sokratovna
Published: January 2024

The article examined the characteristics of interpersonal relationships among clients of fitness centers who regularly attend various types of classes for more than one year, in comparison with people who do not engage in physical activity at all. In general, clients of fitness centers were more conflicted, aggressive, less inclined to cooperate, less inclined to accept another person and perceive him adequately. Although they are more motivated by the desire to accept communication partners.
MORPHOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF THE BLOOD SYSTEM IN CHILDREN 6-10 YEARS OF THE CHECHEN REPUBLIC
Authors: Морякина Светлана Васильевна , Джаватханова Мадина Турпал-Алиевна , Алимханова Танзила Исламовна
Published: January 2024

Научная статья посвящена исследованию возрастных особенностей системы крови у детей разного пола Чеченской Республики. В результате было установлено, что мальчики в возрасте 8 лет имели более высокое количество эритроцитов, которое превышало значение шестилетних более чем на 10,8%. У мальчиков 10 лет уровень гематокрита был ниже на 5,8% в сопоставлении с мальчиками 7 и 8 лет. Среди девочек 8 лет в сопоставлении с 10-ти летними, гематокритное число было снижено на 2,5%.

A scientific article is devoted to the study of the age characteristics of the blood system in children of different genders of the Chechen Republic. As a result, boys aged 8 were found to have higher red blood cell counts, which exceeded the six-year-olds by more than 10.8%. Boys 10 years old had a 5.8% lower hematocrit rate compared to boys 7 and 8 years old. Among girls aged 8 years compared to 10 years, the hematocrit number was reduced by 2.5%.
COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE CITY'S WATER SUPPLY PROBLEMS
Authors: Болдырева Алина Юрьевна , Помогаева Валентина Васильевна
Published: January 2024

В статье приведена оценка проблем водоснабжения города с числом жителей до 60 тыс. человек. Показаны направления решения выявленных проблем.

The article provides an assessment of the problems of water supply in a city with a population of up to 60 thousand people. The directions of solving the identified problems are shown.
ЛЕДОВЫЙ РЕЖИМ РЕК В КОНЦЕ ЛЕДОСТАВНОГО ПЕРИОДА
Authors: Фомичева Няиля Николаевна , Беляева Виктория Васильевна , Черменина Дарья Дмитриевна
Published: January 2024

В данном исследовании рассматривается изменение толщины ледяного покрова и его структуры в предледоходный период. В работе приведены материалы натурных полевых исследований толщины льда и его структуры на реке Иртыш. Выполнен анализ полученных данных и сделаны выводы.
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ BIG DATA ДЛЯ АНАЛИЗА И ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЯ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ
Authors: Александрова Д.Н.
Published: January 2024

В современном мире аспекты цифровизации распространились на все сферы жизни общества, включая экономическую. Вследствие чего изменения также претерпевают методы анализа и прогнозирования экономических показателей. Такой технологический инструмент, как Big Data, способствует усовершенствованию и модернизации уже работающих и применяющихся методов, наряду с внедрением новых концепций и решений при работе с экономическими показателями.
FEATURES OF THE DETERMINATION OF ILLEGAL TREATMENT MEDICINES
Authors: Суровикина Анна Евгеньевна
Published: January 2024

Статья посвящена причинам и условиям совершения преступлений, связанных с обращением фальсифицированных, недоброкачественных и незарегистрированных лекарственных средств и медицинских изделий. Устанавливается взаимосвязь и взаимозависимость наиболее полных знаний о детерминирующих признаков преступления со своевременностью и эффективностью предупреждения совершения преступных деяний.

The article is devoted to the reasons and conditions for committing crimes related to the circulation of counterfeit, substandard and unregistered medicines and medical devices. The relationship and interdependence of the most complete knowledge about the determining signs of crime with the timeliness and effectiveness of preventing the commission of criminal acts is established.
УЧЕТ ДЕФОРМАЦИОННОЙ ПОЛЯРИЗАЦИИ ПОЛЯРНЫХ МОЛЕКУЛ ПРИ ОПИСАНИИИХ ИХ АДСОРБЦИИ НА ПОВЕРХНОСТИ НЕПОЛЯРНОГО АДСОРБЕНТА ВО ВНЕШНЕМ ЭЛЕКТРОСТАТИЧЕСКОМ ПОЛЕ
Authors: Галимбеков Айрат Дамирович
Published: January 2024

В статье рассматривается адсорбция полярных молекул на поверхности неполярного адсорбента во внешнем электростатическом поле с учетом их ориентационной и деформационной поляризации. Для оценки воздействия внешнего электростатического поля рассматривается предельный случай, когда поверхность адсорбента моделируется проводящей металлической поверхностью. Показано, что электростатическое поле усиливает адсорбцию полярных молекул на поверхности адсорбента.
FORMATION OF THE SPHERES OF CHILDREN'S DEVELOPMENT OF THE LEONIE SERVICE
Authors: Чурилина Екатерина Владимировна , Жильцов Владимир Анатольевич
Published: January 2024

Компания «Леони» разработала динамическую модель отслеживания и развития профессионально важных качеств (ПВК) человека. Модель включает диагностику, построение индивидуальной траектории развития, отслеживание динамики ПВК ребенка. Разработаны скрининговые тестирования, которые оценивают от 39 до 135 ПВК для разных возрастов. В работе показано, как были сгруппированы ПВК и сформированы сферы детского развития.

The Leoni company has developed a dynamic model for tracking and developing professionally important qualities of a person. The model includes diagnostics, building an individual development trajectory, and tracking the dynamics of the child's skills. Screening tests have been developed that evaluate from 39 to 135 professionally important qualities for different ages. The paper shows how the professionally important qualities were grouped and the spheres of child development were formed.
ИСКУССТВО И ДИЗАЙН. ЭСТЕТИЧЕСКИЙ ВЗГЛЯД
Authors: Аксенова Лариса Вадимовна , Орлова Елена Юрьевна
Published: January 2024

В статье искусство, дизайн и их взаимодействие рассмотрены с точки зрения эстетики, освещено разнообразие мнений философов, исследующих процессы познания мира с позиции искусства, проанализирована эстетическая «почва» на момент появления в мировой культуре понятия дизайн; подчеркивается роль художественного творчества как уникального вида деятельности, имеющего множество аспектов и форм.

The article considers art, design and their interaction from the point of view of aesthetics, highlights the variety of opinions of philosophers who explore the processes of knowing the world from the standpoint of art, analyzes the aesthetic "soil" at the time of the emergence of the concept of design in world culture; emphasizes the role of artistic creativity as a unique activity with many aspects and forms.
FORMATION OF A SOCIAL AND VALUE ATTITUDE TOWARDS THE CHOSEN PROFESSION AMONG STUDENTS OF MEDICAL SCHOOLS
Authors: Мукаилова Альбина Мукаиловна
Published: January 2024

В статье проанализированы проблемы формирования социально-ценностного отношения к профессии у обучающихся медицинских училищ. Изучена роль самостоятельной работы и различных сфер в процессе формирования ценностного отношения к профессии. Сделан ряд выводов о необходимости самостоятельной деятельности обучающегося, сотрудничества преподавателя и обучающегося в ходе образовательного процесса, опоры на методы самовоспитания и самообразования.

The article analyzes the problems of developing a social-value attitude towards the profession among medical school students. The role of independent work and various spheres in the process of forming a value attitude towards the profession has been studied. A number of conclusions have been made about the need for independent activity of the student, cooperation between teacher and student during the educational process, and reliance on methods of self-education and self-education.
Can large language models help augment English psycholinguistic datasets?
Authors: Trott Sean
Published: January 2024

Research on language and cognition relies extensively on psycholinguistic datasets or “norms”. These datasets contain judgments of lexical properties like concreteness and age of acquisition, and can be used to norm experimental stimuli, discover empirical relationships in the lexicon, and stress-test computational models. However, collecting human judgments at scale is both time-consuming and expensive. This issue of scale is compounded for multi-dimensional norms and those incorporating context. The current work asks whether large language models (LLMs) can be leveraged to augment the creation of large, psycholinguistic datasets in English. I use GPT-4 to collect multiple kinds of semantic judgments (e.g., word similarity, contextualized sensorimotor associations, iconicity) for English words and compare these judgments against the human “gold standard”. For each dataset, I find that GPT-4’s judgments are positively correlated with human judgments, in some cases rivaling or even exceeding the average inter-annotator agreement displayed by humans. I then identify several ways in which LLM-generated norms differ from human-generated norms systematically. I also perform several “substitution analyses”, which demonstrate that replacing human-generated norms with LLM-generated norms in a statistical model does not change the sign of parameter estimates (though in select cases, there are significant changes to their magnitude). I conclude by discussing the considerations and limitations associated with LLM-generated norms in general, including concerns of data contamination, the choice of LLM, external validity, construct validity, and data quality. Additionally, all of GPT-4’s judgments (over 30,000 in total) are made available online for further analysis.
Digitalization of Family Planning Services: A Reality or Fantasy?
Authors: Opatunji Florence Omowunmi
Published: January 2024

This position paper examines the changing environment of digitalizing family planning services, investigating how established healthcare paradigms might be transformed via the incorporation of new technology. The increasing use of digital technologies in the healthcare sector has brought attention to the provision of family planning services, leading to an examination of the practicality and achievability of this technological advancement. The study explores several aspects of this discussion, such as the present condition of family planning services, technical advancements, obstacles to digitalization, user viewpoints, and policy deliberations. The story begins by analysing the wider digitalization patterns in healthcare, setting the stage for the convergence of technology and reproductive health. The study critically examines the significance of digital technologies in family planning, including both the potential advantages and difficulties they may provide. It tackles the obstacles related to privacy, access, and cultural factors, in contrast to the optimistic potential of developing technology. The article showcases case studies and success stories that demonstrate the effectiveness of digital family planning, offering significant insights for future implementation. The report finishes by endorsing a series of policy proposals designed to navigate the complex interaction between technology, ethics, and healthcare infrastructure. These proposals prioritise the need of explicit rules, purposeful investments in digital literacy and accessibility, and smooth integration into current healthcare systems. This study examines the digitization of family planning services, highlighting its role as both a technical innovation and a potential driver of social change. It emphasises the importance of individual empowerment and well-being in discussions about reproductive health.
Predictors of Patients` Satisfaction with Nursing Care Delivery Among Patients in Mbodo Aluu Health Center, Rivers State
Authors: Emordi Nnenna , Orukwowu Udo , Robinson-Mbato Legborsi
Published: January 2024

Patients’ satisfaction is a vital evaluation that should be made often for improved service delivery. Patients’ satisfaction is key to improving quality of care. Patients have a right to quality care and information regarding their health and treatment regimen. This study assessed the predictors of patients` satisfaction with nursing care delivery among patients in Mbodo Aluu Health Center, Rivers State. Descriptive survey design was used for the study. A sample of 160patients were selected from Mbodo Aluu Health Center in Rivers State. A simple random sample technique was adopted to select the participants who met the inclusion criteria into the study. Data were collected using a self-developed questionnaire. Face and content validity of the questionnaire were ensured. The reliability of the questionnaire was ascertained using test re-test method and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.78. Data collected were processed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. Research questions and hypotheses were answered using descriptive statistics of mean, standard deviation, percentage t-test, PPMC and Chi-squaretested at 0.05 level of significance. Results revealed the overall satisfaction levels of the patient receiving nursing care to be fair,while hospital environment, nurses’ disposition to work, attitude of the nurses, supply of information by the nurses to the patients, and respect for privacy are the factors that affect the satisfaction level of patient. Also, nurses’ behavior or care affects patients’ health \recovery of health. It was revealed further that male and female patients do not differ in their level of satisfaction and the care received; while a positive significant relationship was found between respondent’s length of hospital stays, level of education, and their satisfaction with nursing care received. It is concluded that nurses’ care attributes and hospital environments are strong predictors of patients’ satisfaction. Therefore, it is recommended that to increase satisfaction with nursing care, greater emphasis should be given to patient privacy, freedom and communication.
Evaluación, Factores Causales y Abordajes Terapeúticos de los Astrocitomas
Authors: Guerrero Guale Daniela Fernanda , Álvarez Verneuille Alisson Kristel , Castillo Guayalema Britany Gisbel , Desiderio Sosa Kevin Joseph
Published: January 2024

Existe una extensa gama de enfermedades y patologías que influyen en el funcionamiento correcto del sistema nervioso. Estas constituyen la fuente de origen de una serie de problemas a largo y corto plazo que afectan en el diario vivir. El sistema nervioso central está conformado por cerebro, cerebelo, tronco encefálico, hipotálamo, vía visual y médula; cuando una célula neuroglial, también llamada astrocito, se torna en un glioma este se denomina astrocitoma los cuales se describen como tumores del encéfalo que aparecen frecuentemente en dichas zonas. El propósito de la presente investigación es profundizar en las generalidades de los astrocitomas al considerarse una patología importante ya que al presentarse como defecto en las células del sistema nervioso central (SNC) este significa un perjuicio en la vida de los pacientes. El presente análisis se llevó a cabo utilizando una metodología documental basada en la revisión bibliográfica. Se optó por esta modalidad debido a que se enfoca en la exploración de información previamente registrada en textos relacionados con el diagnóstico y tratamiento del astrocitoma como una patología.
Síndrome Disneico Afebril en Paciente Femenino de 59 Años con Múltiples Comorbilidades. Reporte de Caso
Authors: Banda Tapia Daniel Andrés , Castillo Guzmán Daniel Vicente , Pinzón Paladines Ana Belén , Saavedra Sarango Josselyne Adriana , Picoita Solórzano Pamela Johanna
Published: January 2024

La insuficiencia renal aguda, la cirrosis hepática, la hiperplasia mieloide leve, la trombosis venosa profunda y la tromboembolia pulmonar aguda son condiciones médicas importantes. La insuficiencia renal aguda se caracteriza por la disminución súbita de la función renal. La cirrosis hepática es una enfermedad crónica del hígado que causa cicatrización y disfunción hepática. La hiperplasia mieloide leve involucra una alteración anormal de células mieloides en la médula ósea. Comprender y reconocer estas afecciones es fundamental para un diagnóstico y tratamiento adecuado, lo que puede mejorar los resultados clínicos y la calidad de vida de los pacientes.En el presente reporte de caso, Hija de paciente femenina de 59 años refiere que hace aproximadamente 2 semanas y sin causa aparente presenta disnea grado III, malestar general, tos productiva, diaforesis nocturna, distensión y dolor abdominal localizado en epigastrio y mesogastrio, difuso, EVA 7/10, que no cede al adoptar ninguna posición, y pérdida de peso de aproximadamente 5 kg.  Además, refiere que desde hace 1 semana presenta parestesias de miembros inferiores y edema periférico ++++/4.
La Motricidad Gruesa y su Incidencia en la Flexibilidad y Coordinación de Movimiento
Authors: Pastrana Porozo Silvia Esperanza , Pastrana Porozo Malena Fernanda , Zúñiga Delgado Mireya Stefanía
Published: January 2024

El propósito de este estudio es analizar la influencia de la motricidad gruesa en la flexibilidad y la coordinación motora a través de un estudio de campo para mejorar la adquisición de esquemas corporales en niños pequeños. La metodología utilizada en este estudio fue brindar un análisis crítico del problema, desarrollar un marco teórico para cada categoría básica e identificar la relación entre la motricidad gruesa y su influencia en la flexibilidad y el rendimiento deportivo, es descriptiva con un enfoque cualitativo. Ajuste del movimiento. Esta investigación se basa en autores como Lev Vygotsky, quien a partir de su extensa trayectoria sostiene que el desarrollo de la motricidad gruesa se aprende en la interacción de los sujetos con sus entornos sociales, naturales y culturales. una excelente función psicológica. Reconociendo la importancia y utilidad de la motricidad gruesa en un nivel temprano, se propone presentar actividades que apoyen significativamente el desarrollo de la motricidad gruesa en niños de 3 años y, por ende, el desarrollo integral de los niños pequeños. Y llegamos a la conclusión de que el cuerpo del niño es importante porque es el punto de partida de muchas de sus posibles acciones.
Infección por SARS-CoV-2 como Factor de Riesgo para Úlcera Gastro Duodenal en Pacientes del Centro Médico Naval
Authors: Hernández Trujillo Elías , Coppe Gutiérrez Adriana Díaz
Published: January 2024

Introducción: La infección por SARS-CoV-2 es una enfermedad que no solo afecta el aparato respiratorio sino también el aparato digestivo provocando diversas complicaciones. Objetivo: Evaluar la relación que existe entre la formación de ulceras gastro duodenales y la infección por SARS-CoV-2 en pacientes hospitalizados en el Centro Médico Naval. Material y métodos: Se realizo un estudio observacional transversal en pacientes hospitalizados en el Centro Médico Naval comparando la presentación de ulceras gastro duodenales en pacientes de terapia intensiva del área COVID y el área no COVID por medio de endoscopia alta. Resultados: Se captaron 15 pacientes en el grupo COVID, de los cuales el 80% fueron masculinos y de los 15 pacientes en el grupo no COVID 67% fueron femeninos. No hubo diferencia estadística entre la edad de ambos grupos presentándose un promedio de 69 años. En el grupo COVID ulceras tipo Forrest IA y IB en un 36.6% vs un 0% en el grupo no COVID y un 33.3% con ulceras Forrest IIA a IIC del grupo COVID vs un 0% del grupo no COVID con una p>0.0001. La mortalidad fue del 87.5% en el grupo COVID, la mortalidad en el grupo no COVID fue de un 7%, la supervivencia en el grupo COVID fue de 12.5%, mientras que en el grupo no COVID el 93%. Conclusiones: En el presente estudio se concluyó que la infección por SARS-CoV-2 representa un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de úlceras gástricas y duodenales en pacientes con infección severa, lo cual aumenta la mortalidad en los pacientes que las desarrollan, independientemente del uso de esteroides o anticoagulantes.
Estilos de Alimentación en Estudiantes en el Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Escárcega
Authors: Cervantes Sánchez Martha Elena , Neftali Benitez Humberto
Published: January 2024

La alimentación es un factor determinante en la salud de los seres humanos. El alto consumo de azúcares simples, grasas trans y la poca actividad física contribuyen al deterioro físico del individuo a un corto o mediano plazo de tiempo dependiendo de la frecuencia y cantidad que se consuman este tipo de alimento y se lleve este estilo de vida. Por ello en la presente investigación se identificaron los estilos de alimentación en la comunidad estudiantil del Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Escárcega. Para el logro del trabajo se aplicó una encuesta en línea que se dividió en cuatro secciones misma que fue enviada a través de los correos electrónicos institucionales de los estudiantes. Los resultados muestran que un 50 % dijo comer de manera saludable de los cuales el 63% consumen sus alimentos en casa. Un factor importante a considerar en estos resultados es  la economía y educación nutricional familiar y que la etapa juvenil o edad promedio de 19 años de los estudiantes contribuye a que las enfermedades crónicas relacionadas con la alimentación no son perceptibles.
The evolution of NATO policy in the conditions of the russian-Ukrainian war
Authors: Demenko Oleksandr
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the evolution of NATO policy within the context of the russian-Ukrainian war. The North Atlantic Alliance consistently demonstrates its commitment as a reliable guarantor of peace, security, and stability for its member countries. The foundation of NATO’s accomplishments lies in its dependable and effective institutional structure, well-regulated political consultation mechanisms geared towards consensus-building, and the aspiration to constantly maintain and improve the balance of transatlantic interests.
The russian invasion of Ukraine has prompted a critical reassessment of NATO’s role and its development prospects, primarily regarding the imperative of strengthening the Alliance’s defensive potential, the expansion of its operational scope, and the refinement of its security missions. The new Strategic Concept outlined NATO’s priorities, core objectives, and approaches. It also identified the main threats to Euro-Atlantic security and proposed countermeasures for the next decade. The Alliance reacted to the kremlin’s aggressive intentions by activating its defence plans and deploying additional military formations on NATO’s eastern flank, backed by significant air and naval potential. Moreover, the Alliance enhances the reliability of nuclear forces, strengthens the operational capabilities of conventional armed forces and anti-missile defence assets, and reinforces the resilience of member countries for collective defence.
An analysis of Ukraine’s relations with NATO amidst the large-scale russian aggression underscores that the heroic resistance of the Ukrainian people could facilitate a quick accession of Ukraine to the Alliance following the end of the war. An invitation to Ukraine at the 2023 Vilnius Summit opens prospects for establishing long-term sustainable peace in Europe.
Keywords: NATO, russian aggression, Strategic Concept, NATO expansion, Euro-Atlantic integration of Ukraine.
Innovation Diffusion of Digital Application in Supporting Waste Management in Sidoarjo Regency
Authors: Kurniawan Badrudin , Rahaju Tjitjik , Tauran  , Maria Hukubun Martintje
Published: January 2024

Indonesia's waste management capabilities are still weak. The majority of waste is still handled by collecting-transporting-disposing and even many are still not handled. This has caused many landfills to experience over capacity, including those in Sidoarjo Regency. However, the process of Reduce, Reuse, Recycle (3R) waste is also being carried out by the people of Sidoarjo Regency. Waste banks apply these principles and contribute significantly to reducing waste entering the landfill. Therefore, there needs to be an effort to improve the performance of waste banks, for example through training on the use of digital waste bank applications. The process of innovation diffusion is important so that work processes become more efficient and data can be stored properly. However, there are many obstacles in diffusing these innovations. This study aims to examine the diffusion innovation of digital application in supporting waste management in Sidoarjo Regency. Authors adopt qualitative research methods. The result shows that the innovation diffusion process encountered quite a lot of obstacles both from the change agent and from the client, in this case the waste bank administrator. Therefore, the objectives of the innovation diffusion have not been achieved.
Contemporary Progress in the Hybrid Coating of Titanium Alloys using the Liquid Additive Manufacturing Technique
Authors: Naping Rosmia  , Md Abd Maleque  , Norshahida Sarifuddin  , Masjuki Hj Hassan  , Kamilu Adeyemi Bello
Published: January 2024

This paper presents a review of the contemporary advancements in hybrid coating applications on titanium alloys using the liquid additive manufacturing technique. Hybrid coatings represent highly functional coatings with very good hardness, wear resistance, and adhesion properties with other tailored properties for the application of aerospace, automotive, construction, and maritime industries. Within this review, a comprehensive study of the foundational principles governing hybrid coatings is highlighted with the key aspects of the selection of metallic substrates, diverse coating methods, and the characterization of coatings. A perceptive segmentation of the merits and demerits attendant to diverse surface coating processes such as liquid additive manufacturing, sol-gel deposition, laser beam techniques, thermal spraying, and micro-arc oxidation are analyzed. Based on the literature review, it can be found that TIG torch LAM technology, appears as an encouragement rendering itself both cost-effective and ecologically sustainable, this methodology not only bequeaths a meticulous control over the mantle of coating thickness and composition but also bestows upon the resultant hybrid coatings an enhanced morphology and hardness, particularly within the realm of titanium alloys. Therefore, evident is the prospect of a transformative trajectory, wherein the higher costs associated with a laser beam, liquid deposition, and sol-gel techniques are supplanted by the greener, more sustainable embrace of liquid additive manufacturing. The hybrid coating on commercial purity titanium showed that hybrid coating enhances hardness value by a factor of three to fourfold accompanied by the development of a new microstructure. In conclusion, this paper explains the reflective impact of hybrid coatings and stresses the potential of TIG torch LAM technology in advancing the field of surface engineering, particularly in the context of hybrid coating on titanium alloy materials.
Hot Embossing of Micro Grating and Its Replication Accuracy
Authors: Muhammad Syahrir Ahmad  , Ahmad Rosli Abdul Manaf
Published: January 2024

The Hot Embossing (HE) process was applied in the fabrication of micro grating. High-density polyethene (HDPE) was used as a specimen material for producing microstructure components and parts. In this research, a series of experiments were conducted using an HDPE specimen and embossed the polymer under different parameters such as temperature, embossing time, and embossing force as factors. The experimental setup was based on a response surface method (RSM) that employed a face composite design. The constructed RSM quadratic models assisted in analysing the response parameters, namely accuracy and surface roughness, to determine the relevant linkages between the input variables and the replies. The results defined that hot embossing temperature and hot embossing force will enhance the accuracy and surface quality of the micro grating. Based on RSM, the results revealed that the optimal parameters were as follows: hot embossing temperature is 1650c, embossing force is 10kN/s, and embossing holding time is 150 seconds. Under this condition, the actual deviation of accuracy and surface roughness is 5,75% and -1.32% respectively compared to the actual size of the micro grating mould. Hence, it is highly agreed with the model prediction value. In conclusion, optimization of process parameters on the hot embossing system that was developed is promising to fabricate the HDPE micro grating substrate with optimum dimensional accuracy and surface quality.