bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SENTIMENT ANALYSIS OF CODE-MIXED LANGUAGES
Authors: Sri Sai Sankar Padaga , Avanija Dr.J.
Published: May 2024

In the multilingual context of today, code-mixed language is frequently utilized. It happens when a sentence contains both foreign language vocabulary and grammar. Finding the sentence's polarity value is the aim of sentiment analysis of code-mixed language. It is mostly concerned with sentiment analysis of tweets that contain extra Hindi and English words and symbols. The collection is composed of 20,000 tweets, which produces word-level representations of the tweets for use as input in several models, including CNN, LSTM, and Bi-LSTM. When compared to other models, the Bi-LSTM model performs better. The precision of CNN, LSTM and Bi-LSTM is 65.00%, 58.59% and 54.24% respectively.
Menstrual cycle moods and symptoms in young, healthy women: A heuristic model
Authors: Boyle Gregory J.
Published: May 2024

There is a need for development of theoretical models in menstrual cycle research. Changes in moods and symptoms related to the menstrual cycle are problematic for a small, hut significant proportion of women, and the complexity of such interrelationships remains a barrier to more effective management. The present study provides empirical data on symptoms-mood interrelationships, using a sample of 370 healthy undergraduate women, all of whom responded to the Eight State Questionnaire, and the Menstrual Distress Questionnaire, within the context of a between-groups experimental design. Effects due to age, oral contraceptives, and menstrual cycle phase were tested using MANOVA procedures. Although age effects were not significant, physical symptoms were elevated both menstrually and premenstrually, while use of the contraceptive pill significantly reduced negative mood states. In addition, a nonrecursive heuristic model is postulated, providing hypotheses as to putative "causal influences." Overall, the empirical (LISREL) model suggests that menstrual cycle symptoms and mood states are discrete constructs, which interact reciprocally.
Relationship between premenstrual syndrome and postnatal depression: An exploratory study
Authors: Boyle Gregory J. , Boucher Emma J.
Published: May 2024

The present study examined the relationship between postnatal depression (PND) and premenstrual syndrome, using the Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MDQ) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Fifty-one mothers participated in the study. A nondepressed group consisted of 25 mothers with no reported PND symptoms, while a depressed group comprised 26 mothers with clearly diagnosed PND symptomatology. The present findings provide further evidence of an association between premenstrual syndrome and the later development of postnatal depression, raising the possibility of predicting subsequent PND from pre-existing premenstrual syndrome (PMS).
Major Milestones in the Development of Sigma Gamma Epsilon's Core Traditions
Authors: Ford Richard
Published: May 2024

The Society of Sigma Gamma Epsilon (SGE) is now more than 95 years old, making it one of the oldest, currently active geological societies in North America; the Geological Society of America was founded in 1888 and the Paleontological Society dates to1908. Among discipline-specific honor societies in the sciences, it is also one of the oldest (Table 1). At the national level SGE is strong, with over seventy active chapters within college and university geoscience departments across the country (Table 2). The primary mission of Sigma Gamma Epsilon has been to recognize academic excellence and promote the professional growth of students of the Earth sciences. The various chapters also play an important role in contributing to the social life and collegiality of their home department and many chapters provide valuable outreach and service to their campus and community. This was very evident in the chapter reports presented at the Society"s 41st National Convention (March 26-28, 2010). Table 3 provides basic information about all of SGE"s national conventions. As a student organization, the national conventions have served a vital role in shaping the Society"s core traditions and most of the organizational innovations and “firsts” discussed below were enacted by student delegates at the national conventions. It is my belief that membership in any professional organization is enhanced by a basic understanding and appreciation of the organization"s history. A comprehensive history of Sigma Gamma Epsilon"s first fifty years (1915-1960) was prepared by SGE member Patricia Daniel (1996a,b) and published in The Compass. More recently, Don Steinker (2002) provided a historical overview of the efforts to admit women into Sigma Gamma Epsilon. The purpose of this communication is to update and abstract some important milestones from these previous works, in celebration of The Compass becoming an electronic journal with this issue [v. 84(1)]. In addition, Tables 2 and 3 serve to update chronological listings of chapters and national conventions previously published in print-based issues of The Compass (Steinker, 1981; Merriam, 1991). My secondary goal is to begin collecting and synthesizing information for a comprehensive history of SGE"s second fifty years; our centennial in 2015 is fast approaching.
Eta Epsilon Chapter Spring Initiation, 2016
Authors: Zdanowski Sarah
Published: May 2024

Report on the spring 2016, initiation for the Eta Epsilon chapter of Sigma Gamma Epsilon at Southern Utah University.
Pense como um Farmacêutico Clínico
Authors: Torelli Reis Walleri Christini , Entringer Bottacin Wallace
Published: May 2024

A sociedade tem passado por transformações importantes. O envelhecimento populacional e a mudança do estilo de vida culminaram em uma maior prevalência de doenças crônicas, transtornos mentais e no advento de doenças infectocontagiosas antes não conhecidas. Outras questões que merecem menção são: o uso irracional de medicamentos, a verdadeira medicalização da vida - “medicamentos para acordar, para tratar consequências de um estilo de vida ruim e para dormir” - e os problemas de adesão a terapia medicamentosa. Isso tem exigido uma verdadeira reinvenção da maneira de cuidar da saúde. Farmacêuticos clínicos, nesse contexto, representam um importante elo entre serviços de saúde e pacientes, através de uma atuação humanizada baseada em evidências, multiprofissional e centrada no paciente – melhorando os desfechos em saúde da população. Para tal, capacitação constante é necessária. A presente obra traz uma visão ampliada sobre a atuação do farmacêutico em diferentes pontos de atenção à saúde através de casos clínicos comentados.
The JBIB Journey
Authors: Johnson Sharon G.
Published: May 2024

I have long called the combination of “Christian” and “Higher Education” a “zany” idea (Marsden, 1997). I have worked in three very different Christian universities and have seen how the “marriage” of substantive Christian faith and substantive higher education has produced a variety of tensions which led to various compromises. While some have argued that there “should” be a natural affinity between the Christian heart and the academic head, I have often seen both spiritual heartburn and scholastic headache.
Unlikely by Kevin Palau
Authors: Smith Yvonne S.
Published: May 2024

This book is recommended as a current, appealing, and unlikely example of living Biblical Integration. It is also recommended for anyone interested in finding effective ways to engage the culture and see it transformed through relationships and loving service.
Velvet Elvis: Repainting the Christian Faith By Ron Bell
Authors: Porter Brian E.
Published: May 2024

Rob Bell, author of Velvet Elvis, celebrates and affirms the many Christians satisfied with the current “painting” of the Christian faith--the churches, the books, the music, the language, the beliefs. However, Velvet Elvis is not intended for these people. Bell has written Velvet Elvis for those who need a fresh perspective on Jesus and what it means to live the life that Jesus teaches.
Biblical Perspectives on Leadership and Organizations by J. Lee Whittington
Authors: Sheehan Stephanie
Published: May 2024

With growing interest by faith-based institutions in the area of biblical integration within academia, Whittington’s endeavor provides a valuable resource for those in the fields of leadership, management, theology, et al. Outside of academia, it will serve well as a resource for Christian leaders wanting to gain a more thorough understanding of scripturally based (i.e. spiritual) leadership and/or deepen their personal growth in this area, as well as those striving to influence organizational cultural through biblical principles. The principles are derived from scripture, however, are certainly actionable in secular or faith-based organizations.
Book Review, Honorable Influence: A Christian’s Guide to Faithful Marketing
Authors: Fawcett Jeffrey
Published: May 2024

One day a colleague of mine caught me after teaching a session of his ethics course. He pulled me aside and told me that no one in his class, including himself, could imagine an ethical reason for a Christian to be involved in marketing. I was a bit stunned because I have always seen marketing as a way of meeting the needs of other image-bearers. Hagenbuch (2016) opens his work with similar stories about the reactions to marketing that seem to be based more on societal stereotypes and anecdotal evidence than careful consideration of what the discipline of marketing actually means.
The Time Value of Morality
Authors: Cafferky Michael E.
Published: May 2024

Few topics in business capture as much attention for contemporary business professionals as the topic of how to succeed in business. Every year hundreds of books are written and published offering readers the secrets of business success. Whole magazines are devoted to uncovering the secrets of winning in the marketplace. Organizations are learning ever faster and more completely what it means to preserve the knowledge that has been gained as their employees engage in systematic, continuous process improvements. We are talking about companies gaining wisdom and with that wisdom increasing their economic value to society.
Theology and Corporate Environmental Responsibility: A Biblical Literalism Approach to Creation Care
Authors: Spence Mark B. , Brown Lee W.
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we use theological development to help understand why biblical literalists, particularly those American evangelicals who believe in a literal interpretation of the Bible, are less likely to engage in Corporate Environmental Responsibility (CER) than other religious people. The hermeneutic we employ is a historical-grammatical method of exegesis to show that biblical literalists should actually care more for the environment than non-biblical literalist due to the creation care mandate found in Genesis 1. While religion has been studied in organizations, the research often focuses on outcomes of religion in the workplace or on firm level outcomes in the aggregate. We offer individual theology as a possible causal mechanism behind the influence that religion has on individuals and organizations. Theological beliefs influence individual behaviors, and understanding this process has implications for organizations. We discuss generalizability to those of differing faiths and non-religious individuals. We also discuss implications of increased creation care through CER for organizations.
Usaha Meningkatkan Nilai Asssesmen Kompetensi Minimum Melalui Pengayaan Materi Pada Masa Pandemi di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Azmussya'ni Azmussya'ni , Aziz Lalu Abdul
Published: May 2024

Terganggunya proses pembelajaran akibat wabah pandemi dapat menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan kualitas sumber daya manusia ke depan baik dalam aspek kognitif, afektif dan konatif. Untuk itu diperlukan upaya dari berbagai pihak agar tujuan pembelajaran yang diinginkan dapat tercapai. Program kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini berupa kegiatan pengayaan materi pelajaran di Sekolah Dasar di Kecamatan Sakra. Program pengayaan dilakukan guna menigkatkan nilai asesmen kompetensi minimum baik itu kompetensi literasi maupun numerasi siswa sebagai syarat kelulusan. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan memberikan materi tambahan kepada siswa kelas VI yang berkaitan dengan kisi-kisi Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum. Melalui kegiatan ini, diharapkan mampu mendongkrak nilai dan pengetahuan siswa pada sekolah-sekolah yang menjadi sasaran PKM selama masa pandemic covid-19. Adapun sasaran pengabdian ini adalah tiga sekolah, yaitu SDN 2 Kabar, SDN 3 Kabar dan SDN 1 Peresak Berdasarkan hasil pengabdian, nilai rata-rata sebelum bimbingan adalah 37,5 dan setelah bimbingan adalah 50,6. Nilai minimum sebelum bimbingan adalah 15 dan setelah bimbingan 40. Nilai maksimum sebelum bimbingan 55 setelah bimbingan adalah 73 dengan standar deviasi sebelum bimbingan 12,16 dan setelah bimbingan 8,75. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya Peningkatan nilai latihan UN sebelum dan setelah bimbingan belajar.
Edukasi PHBS di Rumah Tangga Dalam Mencegah Stunting Pada Ibu Balita di Perumahan Lingkar Permai Kota Mataram
Authors: Naelasari Dian Neni , Nurmaningsih Nurmaningsih
Published: May 2024

Stunting merupakan gangguan pertumbuhan linier yang disebabkan adanya malnutrisi asupan zat gizi kronis dan atau penyakit infeksi kronis berulang. Stunting dapat dicegah dengan beberapa hal seperti memberikan ASI Esklusif, mengkonsumsi makanan beraneka ragam dengan menu sehat dan seimbang, membiasakan PHBS, melakukan aktivitas fisik seperti berolahraga, memberikan suplemen pada balita dan memantau tumbuh kembang anak secara teratur atau rutin membawa ke posyandu. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan penerapan dalam PHBS pada tingkat rumah tangga khususnya ibu hamil dan ibu dengan anak balita dalam menerapkan PHBS di rumah tangga dan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan asupan gizi yang sehat dan seimbang dengan menerapkan PHBS dalam praktik pengolahan bahan makanan. Sasaran kegiatan adalah ibu hamil dan ibu dengan anak balita yang berada Perumahan Lingkar Permai Kota Mataram berjumlah 15 peserta. Kegiatan pengabdian berupa edukasi PHBS dan demonstrasi mencuci tangan dengan baik dan benar disertai dengan kegiatan pre-test dan post-test. Hasil dari pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini yaitu terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan dan penerapan mengenai PHBS Di Rumah Tangga Dalam Mencegah Stunting pada Ibu Balita Di Perumahan Lingkar Permai Kota Mataram.
Pelatihan Penulisan Lagu Berbahasa Inggris untuk Guru Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD) di Desa Darek Kecamatan Praya Barat Daya Kabupaten Lombok Tengah
Authors: Saifuddin Fahimah , Ardiansyah Lalu Dwi Satria
Published: May 2024

Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini mengambil  peran  untuk melatih guru  PAUD dalam  menulis lagu  berbahasa inggris  guna memudahkan siswa mempelajari Bahasa Inggris. Lagu merupakan salah satu media pembelajaran yang menyenangkan untuk anak usia dini. Selain sebagai hiburan, lagu juga bisa digunakan untuk menghafal kosakata bahasa Inggris. Hampir semua anak senang dengan lagu sehingga lagu selalu dipakai di PAUD. Tujuan dari pengabdian ini adalah untuk membantu guru-guru PAUD agar bisa membuat lagu berbahasa inggris sehingga materi-materi Bahasa Inggris tersampaikan dengan menyenangkan kepada siswa PAUD di Desa Darek. Pengabdian ini diawali dengan memberikan materi tentang karakteristik anak usia dini, aspek yang perlu diperhatikan dalam pengajaran Bahasa Inggris bagi anak usia dini, manfaat lagu untuk anak usia dini, dan cara membuat lagu untuk anak usia dini. Selanjutnya pemateri membagikan kelompok yang terdiri dari dua orang setiap kelompok. Dilanjutkan dengan membuat lirik lagu oleh setiap kelompok yang kemudian dievaluasi melalui praktek menyanyikan lagu oleh setiap kelompok sesuai dengan lagu yang mereka ciptakan. Kegiatan ini mendapat tanggapan yang sangat baik. Hal ini terlihat dari antusias guru-guru yang mengikuti kegiatan tersebut mulai dari pemberian materi, praktek membuat lirik lagu, sampai pada menyanyikan lagu ciptaan mereka.
Upaya Pemberdayaan Kader Kesehatan dalam Pencegahan Stunting di Desa Karangsari, Jatiyoso, Karanganyar
Authors: Cahyaningtyas Anindhita Yudha , Mahmudah Mutik
Published: May 2024

Stunting merupakan gangguan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak yang disebabkan kekurangan asupan nutrisi, menderita infeksi, maupun stimulasi yang kurang memadai. Stunting berdampak pada Indeks Pembangunan Manusia. Stunting menyebabkan peningkatan resiko penurunan kemampuan motorik, produktifitas, dan peningkatan risiko penyakit degeneratif dimasa yang akan datang. Permasalahan mitra berdasarkan data dari Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Karanganyar, Desa Karangsari merupakan salah satu desa di Kecamatan Jatiyoso dengan kejadian stunting yang paling tinggi dibanding desa lainnya. Pencegahan stunting perlu dilakukan sejak dini untuk mengupayakan generasi yang berkualitas dan memiliki daya saing yang baik. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan mengurangi stunting melalui kampanye pendidikan, perluasan program gizi, peningkatan produksi pangan, dan akses yang lebih luas ke makanan bergizi. Upaya edukasi stunting perlu dilakukan dengan melibatkan orangtua kader kesehatan, serta masyarakat agar mempercepat program penurunan angka stunting di Indonesia. Program promosi kesehatan yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengurangi angka stunting dapat dilakukan dengan memberikan penyuluhan terkait stunting kepada kader kesehatan. Tujuan PKM ini diantaranya meningkatkan pengetahuan kader kesehatan dengan melakukan penyuluhan kesehatan. Metode yang dilakukan terdiri dari 3 tahapan yaitu melakukan pretest sebelum diberikan pendidikan kesehatan, Memberikan pendidikan kesehatan terkait stunting, melakukan posttest setelah diberikan pendidikan kesehatan. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat berupa penyuluhan kesehatan ini efektif untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan kader kesehatan terkait pencegahan stunting. Terdapat perbedaan rerata pengetahuan kader kesehatan sebelum dan sesudah diberikan pendidikan kesehatan. Diharapkan setelah dilakukan pendidikan kesehatan, para kader dapat mengenali risiko stunting sehingga dapat melakukan pencegahan terjadinya stunting.
Pengaruh Pelatihan Kader Posyandu Terhadap Sikap Mengenai Kurang Energi Kronik (KEK) di Desa Kramajaya dan Tanak Beak Kecamatan Narmada Kabupaten Lombok Barat
Authors: Sukma Septiani Baiq Dewi , Naelasari Dian Neni , Raodah Siti
Published: May 2024

Riset Kesehatan Dasar Tahun 2018 pengukuran LiLA diketahui bahwa prevalensi KEK pada Wanita tidak hamil sebesar 14,8%, sedangkan prevalensi KEK pada Wanita hamil sebesar 17,3%. Desa Kramajaya dan Tanak Beak merupakan Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Narmada dengan angka kejadian KEK sebesar 14% pada tahun 2020. Sikap kader posyandu terhadap remaja, ibu hamil dan ibu menyusui mengenai dampak yang akan ditimbulkan oleh KEK menyebabkan remaja, ibu hamil dan ibu menyusui rentan dalam status gizi yang ditandai KEK. Berdasarkan data tersebut, intervensi tentang pentingnya kecukupan zat gizi yang harus dikonsumsi untuk remaja, ibu hamil dan ibu menyusui sangat penting untuk mencegah KEK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh pelatihan kader posyandu terhadap KEK. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Open-Label Non-Randomized Controlled Trial Design dengan rancangan penelitian Pre-Post with Control Design atau disebut juga dengan Non-Equivalent Group Design yaitu dengan membandingkan perubahan hasil pada kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok. Populasi dalam penelitian ini 35 orang kader posyandu di Desa Kramajaya dan 35 orang kader posyandu di Desa Tanak Beak dengan jumlah sample 10 orang kader posyandu di Desa Kramajaya dan 10 orang kader posyandu di Desa Tanak Beak yang diambil dari analisis multivariate. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa ada pengaruh pelatihan kader posyandu terhadap sikap mengenai KEK (p=0.000).
Stylistic features of the development of Muravyov-Amursky Street in Khabarovsk in the pre-revolutionary period
Authors: Vakhonin Maksim Sergeevich , Bazilevich Mikhail Evgenevich
Published: May 2024

The work presents a systematic picture of the development of the historical core of the architectural ensemble of the central main street of the city of Khabarovsk – Muravyov-Amursky, which was formed during the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries, and is currently of absolute interest from the point of view of studying the history of regional architecture of the pre-revolutionary period associated with the economic development of the eastern outskirts of the Russian Empire, the construction of new cities and settlements and the creation of transport infrastructure that connected the Pacific region with the central part of the country. The study was based on materials obtained by the authors during the study of scientific and local history literature, Internet resources and archival searches, as well as their own field surveys of street development. As a result, the stylistic and space-planning characteristics of the buildings and structures included in the ensemble, determined by the specifics of the development of the city and its architectural and construction complex, were considered. The study showed that the status of Khabarovsk as the administrative center of the Amur Governor-General and, as a consequence, the presence in it of three categories of customers: the city administration, the military department and private merchants, as well as the characteristics of local building materials, determined the typological and form-creative diversity of the ensemble of the central street of the city , which developed during the period under review in four stylistic systems: Russian style, retrospectivism, “brick” style and modernism. The authors identified a range of problems of interaction between historical buildings and new construction objects, which are actively being introduced into the urban fabric and changing the perception of the cultural landscape of the city.
Innovative solutions in easel painting through the prism of the activities of artists of the Creative Painting Workshop of the Russian Academy of Arts under the leadership of H. A. Yakupov.
Authors: Titova Elena Aleksandrovna
Published: May 2024

The subject of the study is a set of innovative solutions for easel painting by artists of the Creative Painting Workshop of the Russian Academy of Arts under the leadership of H. A. Yakupov in Kazan from 1977 to 2008. Easel painting by artists-trainees of the Creative Painting Workshop of the Russian Academy of Arts in Kazan was chosen as the object of research. The review of the activities of the Russian Academy of Arts in the XX-XXI centuries is given, from the point of view of supporting the Russian traditions of easel painting in Russia and abroad. The characteristic of the Creative Painting Workshop of the Russian Academy of Arts under the leadership of H. A. Yakupov in Kazan as an object of research in the context of painting of the Republic of Tatarstan and Russia is given. The methodology of the analysis includes the following concepts: genre, plot, composition, color, format, and their implementation in the works of trainee artists. Comparative methods of compositional and coloristic analysis are applied, compositional solutions are considered as innovations in the composition of easel painting of a subject-themed painting. The research materials confirm the high results of the creative work of the trainee artists in creating new compositional and coloristic solutions in easel painting in the laboratory of the Creative Workshop using a combination of innovations. Сonclusions are formulated about the need to popularize the work of artists-trainees of the Creative Painting Workshop of the Russian Academy of Arts under the leadership of H. A. Yakupov in Kazan. Russian realism traditions have been preserved, and the easel painting of the trainee artists is based on the artistic experience of Russian realistic art, using a combination of innovations in author's solutions.
Effects of pharmacist-led counseling on pediatric antibiotic suspension reconstitution knowledge and technique among rural parents: A multicenter study in Malaysia
Authors: Lock Bao Xu , Chong Chee Ping
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of pharmacist-led counseling on the rural parents’ knowledge and technique of oral antibiotic suspension reconstitution, storage, and dose measurement. This was a multicenter interventional study involved 330 parents from four government health clinics in Sik, Malaysia. A checklist and infographic handout were developed for the counseling purpose. A questionnaire was used to evaluate parents’ knowledge, and they were tasked with demonstrating their reconstitution and dose measurement techniques during the counseling session. The knowledge and technique were evaluated through scoring both before and after counseling sessions, and the comparison was performed using Wilcoxon signed rank test. The parents’ median score of reconstitution knowledge improved significantly (p < 0.001) from 5 (pre-counseling) to a perfect score of 7 (post-counseling). Meanwhile, the antibiotic storage knowledge showed a similar trend of significant improvement (p < 0.001) from a median of 2 to a perfect score of 3. Significant improvement (p < 0.001) was found in the reconstitution technique with the median score increased from 3 to a perfect score of 7. After the counseling, majority of parents (96.4%) performed the correct dose measurement technique as compared to 37.7% at pre-counseling. In conclusion, the pharmacist-led counseling guided with checklist and visual handout was effective.
Ethnobotany, total phenolic and flavonoid content in the species Corymbia citriodora (Hook.) K.D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson
Authors: Valdiviezo-Campos Juan Ernesto , Olascuaga-Castillo Karyn Alicia , Ruiz-Reyes Segundo Guillermo
Published: May 2024

After the emergence of COVID-19, respiratory sequelae persisted, and one alternative worth reconsideration is Corymbia citriodora (Hook.) K.D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson. The objective is to determine the ethnobotany and the total phenolic and flavonoid content of C. citriodora. The ethnobotanical information was gathered using a semi-structured questionnaire from herbalists in markets in the city of Trujillo, La Libertad, Peru. Corymbia citriodora was collected in Agallpampa, Otuzco, and identified in the Herbarium Truxillense. Three extracts were prepared and evaluated (infuse, decoct, and hydroethanolic). The total phenols were quantified using the Folin Ciocalteau method, and total flavonoids were quantified using the aluminum chloride method. Corymbia citriodora reported a higher medicinal use in bronchitis (39.1%), in the preparation of a frequent infusion, made from leaves, often in combination with Piper aduncum (35.7%). Total phenols and flavonoids were reported as 118.65 mg GAE and 33.95 mg QCE per gram of dried drug, with the hydroethanolic extract standing out. The high presence of phenolic and flavonoid bioactives is directly related to anti-inflammatory activity, suggesting that C. citriodora remains a viable option and demonstrates efficacy in a traditional context for improving respiratory conditions.
Africa leaf (Vernonia amygdalina Delille.) DCM extract synergistically supports growth suppression effect of doxorubicin on MCF7 and MCF7/HER2 with different effects on cell cycle progression and apoptosis evidence
Authors: Hapsari Novia Permata , Rahmawati Desty Restia , Nugraheni Nadzifa , Hanifa Mila , Satria Denny , Zaitun Hasibuan Poppy Anjelisa , Meiyanto Edy
Published: May 2024

Africa leaf (Vernonia amygdalina Delille) has low cytotoxic activities against several cancer cells. We evaluated its combination treatment with doxorubicin against luminal breast cancer cells against MCF-7 and MCF-7/HER2 cells. The dried leaves were extracted to collect Hexane, Butanol, Dichloromethane (DCM), and ethyl acetate (EA) extracts and were then tested for their cytotoxic activities on MCF7 and MCF7/HER2 cells using MTT assay. The most potential extracts were then examined for cytotoxicity in combination treatment with doxorubicin followed by cell cycle and apoptosis analysis with flow cytometry. All the extracts showed low and no cytotoxic activities against both MCF7 and MCF7/HER2 cells. The DCM extract exhibited a weak cytotoxic activity on both cancer cells with the IC50 values of 220 μg/ml. However, DCM and EA extracts gave synergistic cytotoxic effects with Dox on both cells with strong synergism characteristics. Both extracts induced cell cycle accumulation on the S-phase for DCM and the G1 phase for EA. Both extracts also caused apoptosis with Dox but in different ways in modulating apoptosis. In conclusion, DCM and EA extract of V. amygdalina provide potential synergistic anticancer properties with Dox for luminal breast cancer through cell cycle modulation and apoptosis induction.
Global marine phytoplankton dynamics analysis with machine learning and reanalyzed remote sensing
Authors: Adhikary Subhrangshu , Tiwari Surya Prakash , Banerjee Saikat , Dwivedi Ashutosh Dhar , Rahman Syed Masiur
Published: May 2024

Phytoplankton are the world’s largest oxygen producers found in oceans, seas and large water bodies, which play crucial roles in the marine food chain. Unbalanced biogeochemical features like salinity, pH, minerals, etc., can retard their growth. With advancements in better hardware, the usage of Artificial Intelligence techniques is rapidly increasing for creating an intelligent decision-making system. Therefore, we attempt to overcome this gap by using supervised regressions on reanalysis data targeting global phytoplankton levels in global waters. The presented experiment proposes the applications of different supervised machine learning regression techniques such as random forest, extra trees, bagging and histogram-based gradient boosting regressor on reanalysis data obtained from the Copernicus Global Ocean Biogeochemistry Hindcast dataset. Results obtained from the experiment have predicted the phytoplankton levels with a coefficient of determination score (R2) of up to 0.96. After further validation with larger datasets, the model can be deployed in a production environment in an attempt to complement in-situ measurement efforts.
Investigating Inclusive Education Practices of Teachers in Selected Primary Schools in the Wassa Amenfi West District, Ghana
Authors: Fofie Douglas , Attia Isaac , Essilfie Michael , Akongyam Merri
Published: May 2024

This article presents findings on the current status of inclusive education practices in Wassa Amenfi West District in the Western Region of Ghana.The population comprised in-service teachers in the country.The key objective of the study was to survey the views of teachers on the extent to which the pilot inclusive education project has been implemented in the District after the implementtion of Inclusive Education in the country.The approach to the study is quantitative with the cross-sectional descriptive as its design. We collected data from 50 teachers of inclusive primary schools in the Wassa Amenfi West District. Data analysis involved percentages and frequencies of multiple-scaled items. Findings revealed that teachers adapt the curriculum in diverse ways. The schools’ environments somewhat promoted access for learners with disabilities. Teachers had knowledge in identifying learners with special needs in the classroom but admitted that they were deficient in skills in Individualised Education Plans (IEP).It can be concluded a lot more needs to be done in terms of infrastructural modification as well as training of teachers, especially, in IEP preparation. It is suggested solutions to improve the current practices will require whole-school professional development and the provision of specialised equipment and materials.
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Contamination and Quality of Locally Produced Crude Palm Oil in South-South Zone, Nigeria
Authors: Onyegeme-Okerenta M. Blessing , Isiodu C. Vera , Essien B. Eka
Published: May 2024

Background: Oil palm, Elaeis guineensis Jacq is a perennial crop mainly cultivated for its vegetable oil. The fatty acid composition of crude palm oil (CPO) is mostly composed of palmitic, stearic oleic, and linoleic acids.
Objectives: This study evaluated the quality of locally produced CPO from six states of South-South zone, Nigeria.
Methods: The parameters of CPOs were characterized by specific gravity (SG), acid value (AV), percentage of free fatty acid (%FFA), and saponification value (SV) and peroxide value (PV). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in CPO were quantified using standard procedures, the related risk due to daily consumption of 25 g was characterized by lifetime cancer risk (LCR) and margin of exposure (MOE).
Results: The study observed that the mean values of the parameters were 0.931 SG; 5.01 mgKOH g-1 AV; 2.28% FFA; 177.27 mgKOH g-1 SV and 29.65 meqO2 kg-1 PV. Apart from %FFA, the others did not meet the requirements recommended by the Codex Alimentarius Commission of the joint WHO/FAO. Diagnostic ratios of PAHs suggested a mixture of petrogenic and pyrogenic origins. The MOEs showed low health concern while 16PAH-LCR values which ranged from 2.48E-04 - 4.48E-04 were unacceptable. The screening value 0.003 was significantly (p> 0.05) lower than the computed total BaP equivalent (BaPeq) values indicating potential human health concerns. It is recommended that CPO processing and storage methods should be properly monitored to prevent quality reduction and contamination, which might have adverse effect on consumers.
Solar Energy's Role in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals in Agriculture
Authors: Panda Samarendra Nath , Saikia Ranjita , Sagar . , Swamy G Narayana , Panotra Narinder , Yadav Kamalkant , Singh Bal Veer , Rathi Shivam , Singh Rajan , Pandey Shivam Kumar
Published: May 2024

The adoption of solar energy in agriculture has the potential to significantly contribute to achieving multiple Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly those related to clean energy access (SDG 7), sustainable economic growth (SDG 8), responsible consumption and production (SDG 12), and climate action (SDG 13). This review article examines the various applications of solar energy in agricultural practices, including irrigation, crop drying, greenhouse heating, and powering farm machinery. It analyzes the economic, environmental, and social benefits of transitioning to solar-powered agriculture, such as reduced reliance on fossil fuels, lower greenhouse gas emissions, improved energy security, and increased income for farmers. The article also discusses the challenges and barriers to widespread adoption, including high upfront costs, lack of awareness and technical expertise among farmers, and inadequate policy support. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature and case studies, this article highlights the immense potential of solar energy in transforming the agricultural sector and contributing to sustainable development. It concludes by emphasizing the need for concerted efforts from governments, international organizations, and the private sector to promote and facilitate the integration of solar energy in agriculture, particularly in developing countries where access to clean energy and sustainable farming practices are most crucial for achieving the SDGs.
Physio-chemical and Phytochemical Characteristics of a Lesser-known Wild Edible Fruit of Mizoram, Elaeagnus pyriformis Hook. F. (Family Elaeagnaceae): Need for its Proper Domestication
Authors: Vanlaldinpuii . , Khadka Paratikshya , Chauhan Anita , Lalruatsangi Esther , Lalnunpuia . , Lalnunzawma R.
Published: May 2024

The lesser-known yet incredibly nourishing wild edible fruit Elaeagnus pyriformis Hook.f. is found in the north-eastern mountainous states of India. Elaeagnus pyriformis fruits were collected from three villages in Champhai District, Mizoram, with the goal of analysing their physio-chemical and phytochemical qualities in order to determine its potential for domestication. Measurements were made of the fruit's physical characteristics, including its length, diameter, weight, and moisture content. Juice was extracted, and total soluble solids (TSS), titrable acidity, ascorbic acid, reducing sugar, total sugar, non-reducing sugar, and sugar:acid ratio were among the chemical parameters that were examined afterward. The existence of several beneficial substances was determined by phytochemical screening. Physical and chemical differences between the samples from various villages were found to be significantly varied, according to the results. Ruantlang produced the highest titrable acidity, whereas Zotlang had the maximum fruit weight, length, TSS, reducing sugar, total sugar, non-reducing sugar, and flavonoid content. Fruit diameter, the ratio of sugar to acid, and the total phenolic content were all highest in Hmunhmeltha. The fruit's phytochemical examination identified flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, tannins, and cardiac glycosides.
Genomic Approaches for Enhancing Yield and Quality Traits in Mustard (Brassica spp.): A Review of Breeding Strategies
Authors: Sunagar Ramesh , Pandey Manoj Kumar
Published: May 2024

Mustard, a vital oilseed crop, plays a significant role in global agriculture due to its versatile applications in food, feed, and biofuel industries. However, meeting the increasing demands for yield and quality traits poses a substantial challenge to mustard breeders. In response, genomic approaches have emerged as powerful tools to expedite mustard breeding programs by unraveling the genetic basis of key agronomic traits. This review provides a comprehensive overview of genomic strategies aimed at enhancing yield and quality traits in mustard. Beginning with an exploration of traditional breeding methods and their limitations, we delve into the advancements in genomics, including next-generation sequencing technologies, marker-assisted selection (MAS), and genome editing techniques. We discuss how these tools are leveraged to identify yield-related genes, quantitative trait loci (QTLs), and markers for efficient trait selection. Furthermore, we examine genomic approaches for improving oil content, nutritional profiles, and phytochemical composition, crucial for enhancing mustard quality. Case studies demonstrating the successful integration of genomics into breeding programs are highlighted, along with discussions on challenges such as regulatory concerns and technical hurdles. Finally, we outline future directions and the potential of genomic approaches to revolutionize mustard breeding, paving the way for sustainable crop improvement. This study offers valuable insights into the application of genomics in mustard breeding and underscores its importance in addressing the evolving needs of agriculture in the 21st century.
Die KGaA im modernisierten Personengesellschaftsrecht
Authors: Bachmann Gregor , Habighorst Magnus
Published: May 2024

Das MoPeG ist in Kraft - zahllose Veröffentlichungen vor und nach dem 1.1.2024 haben es unmöglich gemacht, dies zu übersehen. Weitgehend übersehen wurden aber die Auswirkungen im Recht der Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien (KGaA), für die in weiten Teilen Personengesellschaftsrecht gilt. Der Beitrag schließt diese Lücke und durchleuchtet das Recht der KGaA darauf, wo das MoPeG Änderungen gebracht hat und wo es beim bisherigen Stand verbleibt. Auch die unlängst aufgeworfene Frage, ob § 179a AktG für die KGaA gilt, wird einer Klärung zugeführt.
Die Offenlegung von Ertragsteuerinformationen
Authors: Desens Marc
Published: May 2024

Umsatzstarke multinational tätige Konzerne und Großunternehmen sind verpflichtet, für Geschäftsjahre, die nach dem 21.6.2024 beginnen, bestimmte Steuer- und andere Unternehmensdaten frei zugänglich im Internet zu veröffentlichen (§§ 342 bis 342p HGB, Art. 90 Abs. 1 Satz 2 EGHGB). Neben einer zusätzlichen Bürokratielast für die betroffenen Unternehmen stellt sich auch die Frage, wie die inhaltliche Richtigkeit der Berichte staatlicherseits kontrolliert werden kann. Der Beitrag zeigt auf, dass insoweit Vollzugsschwierigkeiten entstehen, die ihre Ursache in unions- und verfassungswidrigen Kompetenzverstößen haben.
Secondary Metabolites: Deterring Herbivores
Authors: Wink Michael
Published: March 2010

All plants produce and store secondary metabolites (SM), which are not important for primary or energy metabolism of a plant. However, SMs are not waste products, but important for the ecological fitness and survival of the plants producing them. Apparently, plants have evolved the production and storage of SM as a means to defend themselves against herbivores, bacteria, fungi, viruses as well as other competing plants. Most SM can interfere with basic molecular targets of animals or microbes and thus provide plants with an adequate protection against a multitude of enemies. Plants usually produce complex mixtures of SMs, which can work in an additive or even synergistic way. Some defence chemicals address a single target, such as a neurotransmitter receptor or ion channel, others have a broad activity spectrum and exhibit pleiotropic activities on several targets.

Key concepts:

Plants cannot run away when attacked by herbivores; they use defence chemicals to ward off enemies.

Plants do not have an immune system to defend themselves against microbes hence use antimicrobial secondary metabolites instead.

Plants produce and store complex mixtures of secondary metabolites with additive or even synergistic activities.

Secondary metabolites are important for chemical defence but are also used to attract pollinating insects and fruit‐dispersing animals.

The process of biosynthesis, transport and storage of SM is energetically costly.

Some SM specifically interact with a particular molecular target in herbivores, whereas other SM are nonselective.

Synthesis, transport and storage of SM are optimized in space and time to fulfil the ecological functions.

Although some SMs are stored in a constitutive way, others are inducible and are only made in case of danger.

Herbivores have evolved effective biochemical adaptations towards the defence chemistry of plants, involving cytochrome p450 enzymes and ABC transporters.
T Lymphocyte Responses: Development
Authors: Cosmi Lorenzo , Liotta Francesco , Annunziato Francesco
Published: March 2010

The function of T cells is to recognize specific ‘non‐self’ antigens and to generate against them specific responses to protect the body from different diseases. In particular, a subset of T lymphocytes, named T‐helper cells, produces cytokines that orchestrate the immune response, whereas another subset, named cytotoxic T cells is able to kill the pathogen‐infected cells.

Two population of T‐helper lymphocytes exist: T‐effector cells, devoted to respond to foreign antigens and to protect the body from infection and tumours, and T‐regulatory cells, whose main function is to suppress T‐effector responses and to avoid the development of atoimmune diseases.

T‐effector lymphocytes can be divided, according to their cytokines production profile in TH1, TH2 and TH17 cells, whereas T‐regulatory cells can be distinguished, on the basis of their origin, in natural and adaptive.

Key Concepts

T‐ and B cells are the major cellular components of the adaptive immune response.

CD4+ T‐helper lymphocytes produce cytokines that orchestrate the immune response, whereas CD8+ T cytotoxic lymphocytes kill the target cells.

T‐helper lymphocytes can be distinguished in effector cells, which protect the body from pathogens, and regulatory T cells, that suppress effector responses, when they may become dangerous for the host.

Effector T‐helper cells can be distinguished, according to the cytokines they are able to produce, in TH1, TH2, and TH17 cells.

TH1 cells play an important role in the protection against intracellular pathogens, but they could be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, when Treg cells fail to control autoreactive clones.

TH2 cells are mainly involved in the protection against parasitic helminths, but they also play a central role in the development of allergic disorders.

TH17 cells favour the clearance of extracellular pathogens, and play a pathogenic role in autoimmune and other chronic inflammatory disorders, particularly when they acquire the ability to produce IFNγ, thus becoming TH17/TH1 cells.

Treg cells can be distinguished in natural Treg cells, a population already planned to suppress the response against self‐antigens since its birth in thymus, and adaptive Treg cells which acquires their suppressive activity in the periphery.
Single‐Molecule Light Microscopy
Authors: Greulich Karl Otto , Uhl Volker
Published: March 2010

With conventional microscopy, the wavelength of visible light (∼500 nm) does not permit spatial resolution of individual molecules, but single molecules can be detected if they are themselves fluorescent (fluorophores) or are fluorescently tagged with fluorophores. Such techniques allow optical microscopy studies of quantum‐mechanical phenomena, mechanical properties of macromolecules and single‐molecule reaction kinetics and mechanisms. When an enzyme reaction deletes or generates fluorescence, the kinetics of one or a few of such enzyme molecules can be directly observed in the microscope. Fluorescently tagged compounds can be introduced into biologically relevant environments and their movements or molecular mode of action can be analysed. Such techniques enable further studies on various topics like the movement of motor proteins, molecular diffusion or intramolecular conformational changes. The reactions of molecules which work on DNA (
deoxyribonucleic acid
) can be directly seen in the microscope. Also, the addressability of the DNA molecule can be exploited to build nanostructures with nanometre accuracy.

Key concepts:

Single molecules can be visualized in the light microscope with high temporal resolution, when stray light and other polluting photons are separated from the informative photons.

Structural transitions and reactions can be observed.

The individuality of each molecule can be visualized.

DNA molecules can be used as building blocks for the construction of nanostructures.

Although smaller than the diffraction limit for optical microscopy, single molecules can be detected if they are fluorescent or fluorescently tagged.

Fluorescent molecules can be investigated to study quantum‐mechanical phenomena of the mechanical properties of macromolecules, or their trajectories and properties in their specific environment can be observed.