bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Entre Parentes, quem?
Authors: Signori Amanda
Published: September 2020

Resenha do filme dirigido por Tiago de Aragão, Entre parentes (2018, Brasil, cor, 27 min.) Resenha do curta-metragem Entre Parentes dirigido por Tiago de Aragão, da Universidade Federal de Brasília, que recebeu o segundo lugar no Prêmio Pierre Verger na 31ª Reunião Brasileira de Antropologia. Acompanhando caminhos que o cineasta percorre e observa, somos provocados por cenas de uma guerra instaurada, que evoca lugares e posições. Em uma guerra não há meio termo e o contexto em si, anuncia o final do mês de abril, em 2017, passado um ano do impeachment da ex-presidente Dilma, que retirou a primeira mulher eleita na história do país. Ocasião mesma em que Brasília recebia o 14º Acampamento Terra Livre, tendo sido a maior mobilização coletiva entre os povos indígenas do Brasil e seus aliados.
O conceito “campeiro” na música regional gaúcha: uma reconfiguração da ordem artístico/cultural
Authors: Ferraro Eduardo Hector
Published: September 2020

Desde 1971, com a realização do festival 1ª Califórnia da Canção Nativa, a música configura um campo de disputas entre tendências inovadoras e tradicionalistas no Movimento Tradicionalista Gaúcho (MTG), e nas últimas quatro décadas assume um papel central, constituindo-se numa linguagem que agencia transformações nos discursos e na ordem cultural do gauchismo. O conceito “campeiro” aqui mencionado se apresenta como uma reconfiguração da ideia do nativismo, consagrada depois da 1ª Califórnia da Canção Nativa, em uma espécie de transformação de ordem ontológica que aproxima e intensifica a linguagem musical voltada às formas de vida presentes na campanha do sul do Brasil. O material deste artigo surge através de entrevistas e conversas com músicos, poetas e compositores, e artistas que participam de eventos de música regional gaúcha.
Entre mar, montanha e iris do mundo todo: uma aproximação do Museu Penitenciário de Ushuaia
Authors: Negretti Natalia
Published: September 2020

“Los invitamos a caminar por los pasillos estrechos, asomarse a las celdas para imaginar cómo habría sido la vida en la cárcel”. Esse é o convite do Museo do Presidio de Ushuaia (Argentina) em sua página eletrônica. Ativado em 1902 a partir da transferência da prisão militar de San Juan do Salvamento, o presídio de Ushuaia teve um longo processo e hoje circunscreve um campo, além de histórico, cultural e turístico, ao significar-se como Museo. Tema de documentários e livros no território argentino, suas dimensões nos fazem questionar sobre turismo e este espaço. De antigo presídio experimental para museológico e turístico, dinamiza Memória. Quais são os arranjos dessa experimentação? Esse trabalho se debruça nas construções entrelaçadas e dinâmicas de, entre um conjunto, duas dimensões primordiais: desativação de prisão e ativação de Museo.
P-COSCA (Pediatric Core Outcome Set for Cardiac Arrest) in Children: An Advisory Statement From the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation
Authors: Topjian Alexis A. , Scholefield Barnaby R. , Pinto Neethi P. , Fink Ericka L. , Buysse Corinne M.P. , Haywood Kirstie , Maconochie Ian , Nadkarni Vinay M. , de Caen Allan , Escalante-Kanashiro Raffo , Ng Kee-Chong , Nuthall Gabrielle , Reis Amelia G. , Van de Voorde Patrick , Suskauer Stacy J. , Schexnayder Stephen M. , Hazinski Mary Fran , Slomine Beth S.
Published: September 2020

Studies of pediatric cardiac arrest use inconsistent outcomes, including return of spontaneous circulation and short-term survival, and basic assessments of functional and neurological status. In 2018, the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation sponsored the COSCA initiative (Core Outcome Set After Cardiac Arrest) to improve consistency in reported outcomes of clinical trials of adult cardiac arrest survivors and supported this P-COSCA initiative (Pediatric COSCA). The P-COSCA Steering Committee generated a list of potential survival, life impact, and economic impact outcomes and assessment time points that were prioritized by a multidisciplinary group of healthcare providers, researchers, and parents/caregivers of children who survived cardiac arrest. Then expert panel discussions achieved consensus on the core outcomes, the methods to measure those core outcomes, and the timing of the measurements. The P-COSCA includes assessment of survival, brain function, cognitive function, physical function, and basic daily life skills. Survival and brain function are assessed at discharge or 30 days (or both if possible) and between 6 and 12 months after arrest. Cognitive function, physical function, and basic daily life skills are assessed between 6 and 12 months after cardiac arrest. Because many children have prearrest comorbidities, the P-COSCA also includes documentation of baseline (ie, prearrest) brain function and calculation of changes after cardiac arrest. Supplementary outcomes of survival, brain function, cognitive function, physical function, and basic daily life skills are assessed at 3 months and beyond 1 year after cardiac arrest if resources are available.
Effects of a Feedback-Demanding Stroke Clock on Acute Stroke Management
Authors: Fousse Mathias , Grün Daniel , Helwig Stefan A. , Walter Silke , Bekhit Adam , Wagenpfeil Stefan , Lesmeister Martin , Kettner Michael , Roumia Safwan , Mühl-Benninghaus Ruben , Simgen Andreas , Yilmaz Umut , Ruckes Christian , Kronfeld Kai , Bachhuber Monika , Grunwald Iris Q. , Bertsch Thomas , Reith Wolfgang , Fassbender Klaus
Published: September 2020

Background and Purpose:

This randomized study aimed to evaluate whether the use of a stroke clock demanding active feedback from the stroke physician accelerates acute stroke management.

Methods:

For this randomized controlled study, a large-display alarm clock was installed in the computed tomography room, where admission, diagnostic work-up, and intravenous thrombolysis occurred. Alarms were set at the following target times after admission: (1) 15 minutes (neurological examination completed); (2) 25 minutes (computed tomography scanning and international normalized ratio determination by point-of-care laboratory completed); and (3) 30 minutes (intravenous thrombolysis started). The responsible stroke physician had to actively provide feedback by pressing a buzzer button. The alarm could be avoided by pressing the button before time out. Times to therapy decision (primary end point, defined as the end of all diagnostic work-up required for decision for or against recanalizing treatment), neurological examination, imaging, point-of-care laboratory, needle, and groin puncture were assessed by a neutral observer. Functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale) was assessed at day 90.

Results:

Of 107 participants, 51 stroke clock patients exhibited better stroke-management metrics than 56 control patients. Times from door to (1) end of all indicated diagnostic work-up (treatment decision time; 16.73 versus 26.00 minutes,
P
<0.001), (2) end of neurological examination (7.28 versus 10.00 minutes,
P
<0.001), (3) end of computed tomography (11.17 versus 14.00 minutes,
P
=0.002), (4) end of computed tomography angiography (14.00 versus 17.17 minutes,
P
=0.001), (5) end of point-of-care laboratory testing (12.14 versus 20.00 minutes,
P
<0.001), and (6) needle times (18.83 versus 47.00 minutes,
P
=0.016) were improved. In contrast, door-to-groin puncture times and functional outcomes at day 90 were not significantly different.

Conclusions:

This study showed that the use of a stroke clock demanding active feedback significantly improves acute stroke-management metrics and, thus, represents a potential low-cost strategy for streamlining time-sensitive stroke treatment.
Chatting at Church: Information Diffusion through Religious Networks
Authors: Murphy David M. A. , Nourani Vesall , Lee David R.
Published: September 2020

This paper shows the causal relationship between mutual religious association and the formation of social ties. We analyze dyadic relationships and show that joint attendance at a religious institution (RI) increases the probability of sharing information with and trusting a peer. We use a novel spatial instrumental variable strategy that combines insights from homestead inheritance institutions with triangular distances between peers and RI locations within villages in Kenya. We find that shared attendance at an RI increases the likelihood of receiving advice from a peer by 30 percentage points, demonstrating the strong impact of weak ties formed through social spaces.
Endogenous Technological Change and the New Keynesian Model
Authors: Okada Toshihiro
Published: September 2020

This paper develops and estimates a New Keynesian (NK) model with endogenous technology. It shows that introducing endogenous technology can solve three important puzzles that conventional NK models face: the inflation persistence, disinflationary news shock, and zero lower bound (ZLB) supply shock. First, the observed persistence in inflation is explained without relying on the conventional NK models' additional assumptions (e.g., backward price indexation). Second, it explains the observed disinflationary effect of a news shock. Third, the model avoids the conventional NK models' paradoxical, empirically inconsistent prediction that a negative supply shock is expansionary at the ZLB on interest rates.
Is Compassion an Oceanic Feeling?
Authors: Mentz Steve
Published: September 2020

The emotional connections that humans feel with other humans seem quite distinct from the ‘oceanic feeling’ that confronts us when solitary mortals face the great waters. Uniting these discourses requires drawing together the myriad resources of sea poetry, canonical novels, and multiple theoretical traditions from Freudian psychoanalysis to the ‘blue’ (or oceanic) humanities and contemporary environmental studies. Shifting from narrowly human to post-human ways of understanding our human and nonhuman surroundings enables the novels of Austen and Cervantes to speak to the theoretical perspectives of Luce Irigaray, Sigmund Freud and John Dewey, as well as contemporary figures such as Allan Sekula, Karin Animoto Ingersoll and Christopher Connery. Principles of connection and ‘experience’ unearth new ways of imagining the relationships among humans and between humans and the nonhuman environment that seem particularly valuable in our own moment of ecological crisis and catastrophe.
All the Love is on the Radio: Local Media, Cyclone Larry and an Injunction to Care
Authors: Anderson Deb
Published: September 2020

Local news media play a key role in fostering citizen participation in public life and offer communities forms of supportive action during crisis, which lie at the heart of compassion. Through the lens of emotion, we can see that ‘the story’ of local disaster reporting is one of being local, where the journalist’s position between involved actor and interpretive observer is anchored in compassion for the local. In turn, a focus on compassion illuminates the power of oral history as a means to contextualise the experience of disaster – in this case, how cyclones are made culturally meaningful – and expand media research on climate-related disaster.
Compassion, a Timely Feeling …
Authors: Barnes Diana G. , Falconer Delia
Published: September 2020

The concept of compassion, defined as suffering with, has a long history often entangled in that of the cognate term pity. It has proven to be a changeable concept that is not only responsive to but integral to historical change itself. This is because it is a sociable emotion, but, in the sense that it expresses a desire to alleviate the suffering of another, the emotion also expresses the desire to effect change. For this reason it is a particularly timely lens through which to consider the emotional effect of climate change upon local communities, and the new emotional regime taking shape in the Anthropocene – and the dawning of the Pyrocene – beginning with Armidale, New South Wales through the drought and fire of Australia’s Black Summer of 2019–20, but extending beyond.
Life histories of Paucispinigera Freeman, Paraborniella Freeman and Paratendipes Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae) with phylogenetic considerations
Authors: CRANSTON PETER S.
Published: September 2020

The immature stages of the New Zealand endemic Paucispinigera Freeman and Paraborniella Freeman, endemic to Australia, are described fully for the first time. A new species of Paratendipes Kieffer endemic to Australia is described in all life stages. Morphological support from larvae for placement in a ‘Microtendipes’ group in tribe Chironomini includes the 6-segmented antenna with Lauterborn organs on the 2nd and 3rd segments, and a well-demarcated, multi-toothed ventromentum. The pupa has a few-branched thoracic horn and the distribution of taeniate L-setae is informative. Significant differentiating characters of the adult male include the form of tibial apices and the structures of superior and median volsellae in the genitalia. In the wing of Paucispinigera, the squama lacks setae, contrary to the original description, and unusually has vein M1+2 setose in both sexes and also the M3+4 setose in the female. An apical spine on the gonostylus of Paucispinigera is unusual. The female genitalia are described here for the first time but lack phylogenetically informative variation. An Australian species of the widespread genus Paratendipes Kieffer, described here as Paratendipes sinespina sp. n., is provided for comparison. Paucispinigera and Paraborniella each warrant independent generic rank.
New species of Caprella (Crustacea: Amphipoda) from the Gulf of Oman, Iran
Authors: MOMTAZI FARZANEH , SARI ALIREZA , DARVISH JAMSHID
Published: September 2020

Caprella moradi sp. nov. is described from intertidal zone of the Gulf of Oman, Iran. This species is differentiated from the most similar species Caprella danilevskii (Czerniavski, 1868), by four rows of fine setae on the body surface and bears a curved anterior surface of propodus in the second male gnathopod.
A Wave-Relative Framework Analysis of AEW–MCS Interactions Leading to Tropical Cyclogenesis
Authors: Núñez Ocasio Kelly M. , Evans Jenni L. , Young George S.
Published: September 2020

An African easterly wave (AEW) and associated mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) dataset has been created and used to evaluate the propagation of MCSs, AEWs, and, especially, the propagation of MCSs relative to the AEW with which they are associated (i.e., wave-relative framework). The thermodynamic characteristics of AEW–MCS systems are also analyzed. The analysis is done for both AEW–MCS systems that develop into tropical cyclones and those that do not to quantify significant differences. It is shown that developing AEWs over West Africa are associated with a larger number of convective cloud clusters (CCCs; squall-line-type systems) than nondeveloping AEWs. The MCSs of developing AEWs propagate at the same speed of the AEW trough in addition to being in phase with the trough, whereas convection associated with nondeveloping AEWs over West Africa moves faster than the trough and is positioned south of it. These differences become important for the intensification of the AEW vortex as this slower-moving convection (i.e., moving at the same speed of the AEW trough) spends more time supplying moisture and latent heat to the AEW vortex, supporting its further intensification. An analysis of the rainfall rate (MCS intensity), MCS area, and latent heating rate contribution reveals that there are statistically significant differences between developing AEWs and nondeveloping AEWs, especially over West Africa where the fraction of extremely large MCS areas associated with developing AEWs is larger than for nondeveloping AEWs.
Development of a Novel Preoperative Venous Thromboembolism Risk Assessment Model
Authors: Mlaver Eli , Lynde Grant C. , Gallion Claire , Sweeney John F. , Sharma Jyotirmay
Published: September 2020

Introduction

Standardization of preoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk assessment remains challenging due to variation in risk assessment models (RAMs) and the cumbersome workflow addition that most RAMs represent. We aimed to develop a parsimonious RAM that is automatable and actionable within the preoperative workflow.

Methods

We performed a case-controlled review of all 18 VTE cases reported over a 12-month period and 171 matched controls included in an institutional National Surgical Quality Improvement Project (NSQIP) data set. We examined the predictive value of the Caprini, Padua, and NSQIP RAMs. We identified the 5 most impactful risk factors in VTE development by contribution to the known RAMs. We compared the predictive ability of cancer, age, body mass index, black race, and American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status (ASA-PS) score, to the Caprini, Padua, and NSQIP RAMs for VTE outcomes. Finally, we evaluated concordance between each of the models.

Results

The Caprini Score was found to be 88.9% sensitive and 32.7% specific using a threshold of 5. The Padua score was found to be 61.1% sensitive and 47.4% specific using a threshold of 4. The novel 5-factor RAM was found to be 94.4% sensitive and 38.0% specific using a threshold of 4. The Caprini and Padua models were discordant in 26% of patients.

Discussion

Cumbersome manual data entry contributes to the ongoing challenge of standardized VTE risk assessment and prophylaxis. Universally documented information and patient demographics can be utilized to create clinical decision support tools that can improve the efficiency of perioperative workflow and improve the quality of care.
Efficacy of Preoperative Usage of Dexamethasone in Diabetic Patients Undergoing Total Hip or Knee Arthroplasty for Control of Nausea and Vomiting
Authors: Wasfie Tarik J. , Groton Jessica , Cwalina Natalia , Hella Jennifer R. , Barber Kimberly
Published: September 2020

Background

Dexamethasone has been used in surgical patients to decrease nausea, vomiting, and postoperative pain. However, it is not well studied how much dexamethasone complicates glucose control in diabetic patients and whether this leads to poor surgical outcomes.

Methods

We analyzed 256 diabetic patients who underwent elective hip and knee arthroplasty and evaluated the groups that received dexamethasone intraoperatively (201 patients), those who received dexamethasone postoperatively (237 patients), and those who did not receive the steroid intraoperatively (55 patients) and postoperatively (19 patients).

Results

256 diabetic patients were included in the study. The mean age of the group was 68.7 (SD ± 9-10) years. Patients were divided into 123 males (48%) and 133 females (52%). 174 (78%) patients had a total knee replacement operation, and 82 (32%) patients had total hip replacement operation. The mean hemoglobin A1c was 6.728 (SD ± 0.99). The mean ASA score was 2.86 (SD ± 0.38). 201 (78.5%) patients received preoperative or intraoperative dexamethasone, and 237 (92.6%) patients received it postoperatively. The mean blood glucose for all patients raised from 131.9 to 172.2 mg/dL ( P = .012) postoperatively, 206.1 mg/dL in the first 24 hours, and 146.2 mg/dL ( P = .39) in the second postoperative day. The change was significant in patients who had poorly controlled diabetes ( P < .01) preoperatively. There was no significant difference in our study regarding dexamethasone use and effect on postoperative nausea ( P = 1.0) and vomiting ( P = .52). There was an improvement in pain scores in the patients who received dexamethasone postoperatively which was statistically significant ( P = .054).

Conclusion

Dexamethasone use in diabetic patients for control of postoperative nausea and vomiting in those undergoing elective total knee and hip arthroplasty had a negative impact on glycemic control specifically in those with poorly controlled diabetes and should be avoided.
Serum Endocan Levels on Admission Are Associated With Worse Clinical Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients: A Pilot Study
Authors: Medetalibeyoglu Alpay , Emet Samim , Kose Murat , Akpinar Timur Selcuk , Senkal Naci , Catma Yunus , Kaytaz Arif Murat , Genc Sema , Omer Beyhan , Tukek Tufan
Published: September 2020

Thrombotic and embolic complications in the cardiovascular system are evident and associated with worse prognosis in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Endothelial-specific molecule 1 (endocan) plays a role in vascular pathology. We hypothesized serum endocan levels on admission are associated with primary composite end point (mortality and intensive care unit hospitalization) in COVID-19 patients. Patients (n = 80) with laboratory, clinical, and radiological confirmed COVID-19 were included in this cross-sectional study. Ten milliliter of peripheral venous blood were drawn within 24 hours of admission to estimate serum endocan levels. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0 (IBM). Patients with the primary composite end point had significantly higher serum endocan levels than patients without (852.2 ± 522.7 vs 550.2 ± 440.8 ng/L, respectively; P < .01). In the logistic regression analysis, only increased serum endocan levels and increase in age were independent predictors of the primary composite end point ( P < .05). In the receiver operating characteristics curve analysis, we found that a serum endocan level of 276.4 ng/L had a 97% sensitivity and 85% specificity for prediction of the primary composite end point. Baseline serum endocan levels may prove useful as a prognostic factor in patients hospitalized for COVID-19.
Leveraging social networks of Black women in beauty salons to improve uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis
Authors: Randolph Schenita D , Johnson Ragan , Meyers Danielle , Washington Davon , Saint-Hillaire Lamercie
Published: September 2020

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to assess social networks among Black women and beauty salons to see whether these could be leveraged to increase the awareness, knowledge and uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in this population.

Design:

Qualitative descriptive design.

Setting:

Beauty salons in counties in North Carolina, USA, with high rates of HIV among the local Black population.

Method:

A total of 13 focus groups were conducted: 6 with stylists and 7 with Black women customers. In addition, six individual interviews were conducted with salon owners. Structured focus group questions were used to explore participants’ perspectives on the functions and characteristics of the social networks in salons and among women customers and how these might inform a PrEP intervention.

Results:

Results across all subgroups indicated social networks are pre-formed, developed and nurtured in a beauty salon setting. In addition, there is a positive influence of social networks on information sharing, specifically with respect to health-related topics. Variations in the results suggest salon settings differ and interventions within these settings should be tailored to specific salon’s characteristics.

Conclusion:

Black women are disparately affected by HIV, having the highest incidence rates among all women in the USA. PrEP is an effective HIV prevention strategy, yet there is low uptake among Black women due to lack of awareness and knowledge of PrEP, HIV- and PrEP-related stigma, and medical mistrust. Social networks are a powerful source of influence on health behaviour. Findings from this study suggest a social network–based PrEP intervention in a salon setting may be promising and has the potential to extend the reach beyond its initial participants.
College students’ preferences for information on self-initiated sexually transmitted infection testing
Authors: Adebayo Oluwamuyiwa Winifred , Anderson Jocelyn C , Wardecker Britney M
Published: September 2020

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to identify preferences for content, method of delivery and frequency of information to encourage self-initiated sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing.

Design:

Qualitative study involving individual in-depth interviews with 35 college students aged 18–24 years.

Setting:

A university in Central Pennsylvania, USA.

Method:

Data were collected using a demographic and sexual history questionnaire, Sexually Transmitted Disease Knowledge Questionnaire and a semi-structured interview guide. Transcribed interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis.

Results:

Findings from the study document STI testing information preferences as they relate to self-initiated testing. The majority of participants preferred receiving STI testing information through email. Themes within their accounts included Actionable Information Content, Frequently Accessed Delivery Method, and Routine STI Testing Information.

Conclusion:

The high incidence of STIs among US college students is an indication of the need to increase diagnosis and treatment to reduce transmission. Study findings have implications for the development and evaluation of low-cost interventions to improve the uptake of STI testing and reduce STI burden among college students.
Estimating the COVID-Related Deaths Attributable to President Trump’s Early Pronouncements About Masks
Authors: Hahn Robert A.
Published: September 2020

The goal of this analysis is to estimate the proportion of COVID-19 deaths attributable to President Donald Trump’s early pronouncements about voluntary mask use and his intention not to use masks. Data from available research were used to estimate parameters for the calculation of population attributable risk for COVID-19 deaths reported to date. Assuming Trump’s pronouncement to have caused 25%, 50%, and 75% of the non-use of masks, estimates of Trump-attributable COVID-19 deaths to date would be, respectively, 4,244, 8,356, or 12,202. The effects of presidential pronouncements on health-related matters may have large public health consequences. Pronouncements of national leaders should be based on the best available science.
Explaining Change in Legislatures: Dilemmas of Managerial Reform in the UK House of Commons
Authors: Meakin Alexandra , Geddes Marc
Published: September 2020

How do institutions adapt and reform themselves in response to new challenges? This article considers the role of ideas and posits that the concept of ‘dilemma’ – clashes of beliefs played out through power relations and practices – offers a complementary tool to understand institutional change. It draws on the 2014 appointment of a new Clerk to the UK House of Commons – in which conflicting beliefs about the House of Commons administration opened a dilemma for key parliamentary actors – as a token case study to highlight the value of the concepts of beliefs, practices and dilemmas. It further broadens out these findings to consider the value of a wider interpretive approach for understanding how institutions may adapt and change. In doing so, it makes (1) a theoretical contribution by exploring the role of ideas in causing institutional change and (2) an empirical contribution through its analysis of parliamentary administration, an understudied area.
Making Best Friends From Other Groups and Mental Health of Chinese Adolescents
Authors: Zhou Xiaochen , Li Jia , Wang Qi
Published: September 2020

Friendship may be significantly associated with adolescents’ psychological well-being. Among various kinds of friendships, this study investigated two types of intergroup friendships among Chinese adolescents, specifically cross-hukou-location and cross-gender friendship. Fixed-effects modeling with a two-wave national dataset—the China Education Panel Survey (CEPS)—was performed to evaluate the relationship between within-individual changes in cross-hukou-location friendship, cross-gender friendship, and mental health status ( N = 5,297, boys: 50.18%, average age: 12.92 at wave 1). The relationship pattern among different genders was also explored. The results showed that cross-hukou-location friendship is positively associated with male adolescents’ mental health status. The cross-gender relationship is negatively related to mental health in the overall sample and female subsample. The findings not only emphasized the vital role of intergroup contact but also shed light on understanding the role of gender in intergroup friendship-making and the relationship with psychological well-being.
Examining the Influence of Early-Life and Recent Traumatic Events on Loneliness in Centenarians
Authors: Struckmeyer Kristopher M. , Caldwell Jillian A. , Bishop Alex J. , Scheuerman Paige N.
Published: September 2020

Early-life traumatic experiences have lasting implications for late-life socio-emotional development, contributing to a greater prevalence of poor mental health in very old age. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of early-life and recent traumatic life experiences on loneliness among centenarians. A total of 154 centenarians participated in a semistructured interview. The time of traumatic occurrence and type of trauma experienced influence loneliness in centenarians. Experiencing a natural disaster 70 or more years ago significantly predicted loneliness. Terror management theory proposes that coming to terms with one’s mortality represents an underlying source of anxiety that can influence human behavior to create both immediate and future defenses. Evidence from this study can be used to improve how aging service practitioners integrate reminiscence or life-review therapy or counseling within clinical or educational settings.
Short-Term Study Abroad in Psychology: Effects of a Cultural Scavenger Hunt on the Development of Intercultural Competence
Authors: Zayac Ryan M. , Miller Sydney , Lenhard Wolfgang , Paulk Amber , Chrysler Kirby
Published: September 2020

Steadily increasing ethnic and cultural diversity in the United States has led employers to see intercultural competence as a valuable and necessary trait for those entering the workforce, including students studying psychology. One high-impact practice that may increase students’ multicultural awareness is study abroad. The current research examined the effectiveness of a cultural scavenger hunt offered during two short-term study abroad programs to increase participants’ intercultural competencies. Cultural competence was assessed in Study 1 ( N = 10) using the Miville-Guzman Universality-Diversity Scale–Short Form. Results indicated a statistically significant increase across all subscales. In Study 2 ( N = 16), the Cross-Cultural Adaptability Inventory was utilized. Results from Study 2 demonstrated statistically significant improvements in the Emotional Resilience subscale. These findings suggest that a cultural scavenger hunt may assist participants in actively engaging in the local culture and facilitate the initial development of intercultural competencies.
Improving Students’ Study Habits and Course Performance With a “Learning How to Learn” Assignment
Authors: Brown-Kramer Carolyn R.
Published: September 2020

How can instructors help students adopt effective learning strategies? In this study, students in a large introductory psychology class completed a “learning how to learn” assignment in which they read one of four randomly assigned empirical articles about the utility of a learning strategy (i.e., distributed practice, rereading, practice testing, or forming mental images) and wrote a paper summarizing, analyzing, and applying the article’s findings. Students relied significantly less on low-utility strategies and significantly more on moderate and high-utility strategies at the end of the semester than at the beginning. Furthermore, students who completed this assignment outperformed their peers in a control semester of the same course, improving by about one-third of a letter grade. Suggestions for effective implementation of a similar assignment are presented.
One Fish, Two Fish; Red Fish (or Green Fish?): Assisting Students With Color Vision Deficiency
Authors: Prieto Loreto R. , Siegel Zachary D. , Kaiser Dakota J.
Published: September 2020

In this article, we discuss the ways in which psychology educators can assist students who have color vision deficiency (CVD). We outline basic information concerning CVD, offer tips for instructors to help students with CVD access content materials in the classroom, and suggest class activities to help all psychology students learn about CVD.
Applications of Office-Based 445 nm Blue Laser Transnasal Flexible Laser Surgery: A Case Series and Review of Practice
Authors: Miller Benjamin John , Abdelhamid Amr , Karagama Yakubu
Published: September 2020

Background:

The recent introduction of 445 nm blue laser to office-based laryngology presents potential advantages. These include a desirable combination of cutting and photoangiolytic qualities and a lightweight, shock-resistant design. Despite its increasing use, current evidence is limited to experimental data and case reports.

Objectives:

The authors present a case series and overview of office blue laser transnasal flexible laser surgery (TNFLS), considering indications, patient selection, safety, technique, and surgical outcomes. We also review the safety and relevance of TNFLS to the ongoing coronavirus pandemic.

Methods:

Retrospective case series and narrative review. Our primary outcome measure was preoperative and postoperative Voice Handicap Index (VHI-10) score. Complications were documented by nature and severity.

Results:

Thirty-six cases of office blue laser TNFLS were performed. A statistically significant improvement in VHI-10 score was demonstrated in cases of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) and benign laryngeal lesions causing dysphonia ( P < 0.01 and 0.045). Blue laser also proved effective in assisting office biopsy procedures. A minor and self-limiting complication was reported.

Conclusions:

Office blue laser TNFLS is safe and effective in the treatment of RRP and a range of benign laryngeal lesions. Future research should compare the efficacy and safety of blue laser with potassium titanyl phosphate laser in office-based treatment of these conditions. Further assessment of the cutting qualities of blue laser, initially in the theater environment, is necessary to refine our understanding of future applications.
Bilateral Hearing Loss and Unilateral Cochlear Ossification in a Patient With Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
Authors: Zeng Xianhai , Lin Zengping , Han Xiaodong , Li Juanjuan , Zhang Peng , Gou Lingshan , Xu Jian
Published: September 2020

Bilateral sensorineural deafness and unilateral cochlear ossification have rarely been described in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). A 21-year-old man presented to a hospital with right-sided sudden hearing loss and tinnitus. He was diagnosed with CML. Five days later, sudden hearing loss appeared in the other ear. Abnormality of the right-sided inner ear structure was revealed by preoperative magnetic resonance imaging; honeycomb-like cochlear ossification was observed during cochlear implant surgery in the right ear. The patient’s auditory performance exhibited significant improvement after bilateral cochlear implantation in our hospital. Hematological disorders must be considered in patients with sensorineural hearing loss. Cochlear implantation is feasible in patients with CML who exhibit sensorineural deafness, but cochlear ossification should be carefully evaluated by means of preoperative imaging examinations.
Post-gay television: LGBTQ representation and the negotiation of ‘normal’ in MTV’s Faking It
Authors: Monaghan Whitney
Published: September 2020

LGBTQ representation has dramatically increased on US television over the past two decades. While many media scholars highlight the importance of LGBTQ characters moving from television’s margins to the mainstream, others critique this increase in visibility. They argue that media mainstreaming promotes neoliberalism through post-gay or post-queer sensibilities. This article moves beyond quantitative studies of LGBTQ representation to map and interrogate neoliberal discourses within narrative television produced in the United States. It examines how a specific set of post-gay politics characterized by themes of ‘tolerance, acceptance and genuine love’ mask a troubling politics of normalization. This article demonstrates how these ideas have been reproduced in adult gay and lesbian characters on mainstream US television series, and subsequently negotiated by the gender and sexually diverse youth of contemporary teen television. Taking MTV’s Faking It as a primary case study, this article demonstrates how youth-oriented media both embrace and critique the neoliberal ideology of the post-gay era.
Social media dissidence and activist resistance in Zimbabwe
Authors: Matsilele Trust , Ruhanya Pedzisai
Published: September 2020

Dissidents exist in every nation, always have, and perhaps always will – existing in that risky space between being patriots and being enemies of the state. Social media, on the other hand, is a fairly recent tool of communication defined by its heightened ductility in the hands of users. The admixture of social media and political dissidence has thrown many governments in a ceaseless panic, reflected in the raft of legislation enacted to control and constrain cyber activities. This paper studied the ‘social media dissidence’ phenomenon in Zimbabwe in the period 2016 within the context of digital media and the publics in Africa. The periodization understudy is noticeable because it bore witness to a variety of unsettling acts by individuals that provoked panicked responses from the state. Using qualitative data drawn from Facebook and Twitter and deploying Mamdani’s citizen and subject, the study examines the nature of the born-digital dissidence in a sample of two cases, #ThisFlag and #Tajamuka. The paper establishes the possibilities and limitations of deploying social media as a tool for expressing protest and dissidence. The study found that social media dissidence is marked by constant fluidity, transmogrification, crests, and troughs.
Path to Well-being: Moderated Mediation Model of Perfectionism, Family–Work Conflict, and Gender
Authors: Ekmekci Ozge Tayfur , Metin Camgoz Selin , Bayhan Karapinar Pinar
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this article is twofold. First, it aims to investigate the mediating role of family–work conflict (FWC) on the relationship between the dimensions of perfectionism (adaptive vs. maladaptive) and well-being, and second, it aims to explore whether gender moderates this mediated relationship. Data are gathered from 238 dual working and married employees working in different sectors. The moderated mediation analyses are conducted using PROCESS macro developed by Hayes and Preacher (2013). The findings reveal that FWC plays a critical mediating role in transmitting the effects of maladaptive perfectionism to well-being. Regarding it the moderated relationship, we find that the positive relationship between maladaptive perfectionism and FWC is stronger for men than it is for women. However, the effect of adaptive perfectionism on FWC is found to be stronger for women compared to that for men. We discuss these findings in relation to gender roles and FWC policies and research.
Notch signaling is involved in the antiapoptotic effects of liraglutide on rat H9c2 cardiomyocytes exposed to hypoxia followed by reoxygenation
Authors: Wu Juan , Xie Fei , Qin Yali , Liu Jie , Yang Zihua
Published: September 2020

Objective

Liraglutide (Lir) protects cardiomyocytes against high glucose-induced myocardial damage. This study investigated whether Notch signaling participated in the antiapoptotic effects of Lir on rat H9c2 cardiomyocytes subjected to hypoxia followed by reoxygenation (H/R).

Methods

We used H9c2 rat cardiomyocytes as a model of H/R and measured viability, apoptosis, and expression of the apoptotic genes Bax and Bcl-2 and Notch signaling genes Notch1 and Jagged1. Notch1 was depleted by siRNA to test the effect of Notch1 deficiency on the antiapoptotic effects of Lir on H/R-treated H9c2 cardiomyocytes.

Results

After H/R treatment, viability was significantly decreased, and the apoptosis rate was greater in the H/R group than in the control (CT). Lir at 50, 100, and 200 nM significantly increased viability and decreased apoptosis in H/R-treated H9c2 cells. Treatment with 50 nM Lir for 2 hours before H/R significantly increased the expression levels of Notch1, Jagged1, and Bcl-2 compared with the CT levels. Bax was downregulated, which indicated that Lir activated Notch signaling and inhibited apoptosis. Notch1 depletion partially abolished the antiapoptotic effect of Lir on H/R-treated H9c2 cells by altering apoptotic gene expression.

Conclusion

Lir activated Notch signaling, which was responsible for the antiapoptotic effect of Lir on H9c2 cardiomyocytes.
A case report of primary multiple obturator nerve schwannomas
Authors: Bai Xuechai , Li Yan , Li Xiaojing , Cao Siyu , Wang Liang
Published: September 2020

Primary multiple obturator nerve schwannomas originate from Schwann cells and are extremely rare. Patients with schwannomas are asymptomatic and a retroperitoneal schwannoma is often misdiagnosed as an adnexal mass. In the present study, we describe a 58-year-old woman in whom a right adnexal mass accompanied by endometrial polyp was found incidentally through transvaginal ultrasound. The mass was diagnosed as multiple obturator nerve schwannomas after laparoscopy. Immunohistochemical assay confirmed the schwannomas to be positive for SOX10. To our knowledge, this is the first report to demonstrate a case of multiple schwannomas originating from the obturator nerve and treated by laparoscopic resection.
Tibial Spine Fractures: How Much Are We Missing Without Pretreatment Advanced Imaging? A Multicenter Study
Authors: Shimberg Jilan L. , Aoyama Julien T. , Leska Tomasina M. , Ganley Theodore J. , Fabricant Peter D. , Patel Neeraj M. , Cruz Aristides I. , Ellis Henry B. , Schmale Gregory A. ,   The Tibial Spine Research Interest Group, Green Daniel W. , Jagodzinski Jason E. , Kushare Indranil , Lee R. Jay , McKay Scott , Rhodes Jason , Sachleben Brant , Sargent Catherine , Yen Yi-Meng , Mistovich R. Justin
Published: September 2020

Background:

There is a high rate of concomitant injuries reported in pediatric patients with tibial spine fractures, ranging from 40% to 68.8%. Many tibial spine fractures are treated without initial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Purpose:

To understand rates of concomitant injury and if the reported rates of these injuries differed among patients with and without pretreatment MRI.

Study Design:

Cross-sectional study; level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

We performed an institutional review board–approved multicenter retrospective cohort study of patients treated for tibial spine fractures between January 1, 2000, and January 31, 2019, at 10 institutions. Patients younger than 25 years of age with tibial spine fractures were included. Data were collected on patient characteristics, injury, orthopaedic history, pretreatment physical examination and imaging, and operative findings. We excluded patients with multiple trauma and individuals with additional lower extremity fractures. Patients were categorized into 2 groups: those with and those without pretreatment MRI. The incidence of reported concomitant injuries was then compared between groups.

Results:

There were 395 patients with a tibial spine fracture who met inclusion criteria, 139 (35%) of whom were reported to have a clinically significant concomitant injury. Characteristics and fracture patterns were similar between groups. Of patients with pretreatment MRI, 79 of 176 (45%) had an identified concomitant injury, whereas only 60 of 219 patients (27%) without pretreatment MRI had a reported concomitant injury ( P < .001). There was a higher rate of lateral meniscal tears ( P < .001) in patients with pretreatment MRI than in those without. However, there was a higher rate of soft tissue entrapment at the fracture bed ( P = .030) in patients without pretreatment MRI. Overall, 121 patients (87%) with a concomitant injury required at least 1 treatment.

Conclusion:

Patients with pretreatment MRI had a statistically significantly higher rate of concomitant injury identified. Pretreatment MRI should be considered in the evaluation of tibial spine fractures to improve the identification of concomitant injuries, especially in patients who may otherwise be treated nonoperatively or with closed reduction. Further studies are necessary to refine the indications for MRI in patients with tibial spine fractures, determine the characteristics of patients at highest risk of having a concomitant injury, define the sensitivity and specificity of MRI in tibial spine fractures, and investigate patient outcomes based on pretreatment MRI status.
Arthroscopic Superior Capsular Reconstruction With Mesh Augmentation for the Treatment of Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears: A Comparative Study of Surgical Outcomes
Authors: Kholinne Erica , Kwak Jae-Man , Kim Hyojune , Koh Kyoung Hwan , Jeon In-Ho
Published: September 2020

Background:

Arthroscopic superior capsular reconstruction (ASCR) is an alternative to open surgery for irreparable chronic rotator cuff tears (RCTs). This approach can provide static restraint while avoiding upward migration of the humeral head. However, graft tears and their effect on clinical outcomes after ASCR remain a debated topic.

Purpose:

To evaluate the clinical outcomes of ASCR with mesh augmentation for the treatment of irreparable RCTs.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

The data of 72 patients with irreparable RCTs who underwent ASCR between 2013 and 2018 were retrospectively evaluated. Among them, 64 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. Fascia lata grafts augmented with a polypropylene mesh were used for 30 patients (mesh group), and grafts without mesh augmentation were used for 34 patients (control group). Clinical outcomes were evaluated using range of motion, the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) questionnaire, and visual analog scale for pain. Radiological outcomes were evaluated according to acromiohumeral distance and stage of rotator cuff arthropathy. The status of fatty infiltration and graft integrity was evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging. Outcomes were assessed preoperatively and at the final follow-up.

Results:

Both groups showed improvement in clinical and radiological outcomes at the final follow-up. The mesh group demonstrated a larger improvement in ASES score (mean ± SD, 29.1 ± 15.8) than the control group (18.1 ± 15.9) ( P = .006). The mean improvement in active forward flexion was significantly higher in mesh group (40°± 26°) than in control group (28°± 23°) ( P = .003). The mean improvement in active external rotation was also significantly higher in the mesh group (11°± 5°) than in the control group (6°± 3°) ( P = .004). Graft healing rate was significantly higher in the mesh group (83.3%) than in the control group (58.8%) ( P = .039), and acromiohumeral distance was significantly greater in the mesh group (9.1 ± 2.4 mm) than in the control group (6.3 ± 1.8 mm) at the final follow-up ( P = .001). Subgroup analysis revealed that patients with graft failure generally showed progression of fatty infiltration without improvement in the stage of rotator cuff arthropathy. Patients with intact grafts demonstrated a more substantial improvement in functional outcomes (ASES score and forward flexion motion).

Conclusion:

ASCR with mesh augmentation reduced graft failure rate to restore superior shoulder joint stability.