bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on Galloping Oscillation of Iced Twin Bundle Conductors considering the Effects of Variation of Aerodynamic and Electromagnetic Forces
Authors: Wu Chuan , Ye Zhongfei , Zhang Bo , Pan Yong , Li Qing , Yan Bo
Published: July 2020

Due to the occurrence of whole-span and subspan vibration at the same time during the galloping of the iced bundle conductors, the distance between the subconductors changes, resulting in the variation of the aerodynamic parameters for the leeward subconductors. The existing conventional studies usually only consider the whole-span galloping, ignoring the relative motion and the electromagnetic force between the subconductors. Based on considering the above two factors at the same time, a new numerical simulation method to study the galloping behaviors of the iced conductors is presented. Then, the galloping behaviors of the iced twin bundle conductors’ transmission line with different current intensity, initial wind attack angle, and spacer layout are studied. The galloping oscillation behaviors include time histories of vibration displacements, mode, amplitude, frequency, motion traces, and the distance between two subconductors. The simulation results showed that the whole-span and subspan vibration appear at the same time during galloping oscillation and two subconductors may collide with each other when affected by the varying electromagnetic and aerodynamic forces. The effects of varying electromagnetic and aerodynamic forces on galloping behavior cannot be ignored. The new method presented in this work can contribute to the galloping study of the iced bundle conductors.
Progesterone Attenuates Allodynia of Inflamed Temporomandibular Joint through Modulating Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel 1.7 in Trigeminal Ganglion
Authors: Bi Rui-Yun , Zhang Xiao-Yu , Zhang Peng , Ding Yun , Gan Ye-Hua
Published: July 2020

Background. Women with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) experience some amelioration of pain during pregnancy. Progesterone increases dramatically and steadily during pregnancy. Sodium channel 1.7 (Nav1.7) plays a prominent role in pain perceptions, as evidenced by deletion of Nav1.7 alone leading to a complete loss of pain. In a previous study, we showed that Nav1.7 in trigeminal ganglion (TG) is involved in allodynia of inflamed temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Whether progesterone modulates allodynia of inflamed TMJ through Nav1.7 in TG remains to be investigated. Methods. The effects of progesterone on sodium currents of freshly isolated TG neurons were examined using whole-cell recording. Female rats were ovariectomized and treated with increasing doses of progesterone for 10 days. Complete Freund’s adjuvant was administered intra-articularly to induce TMJ inflammation. TMJ nociceptive responses were evaluated by head withdrawal thresholds. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to examine Nav1.7 mRNA and protein expression in TG. Immunohistofluorescence was used to examine the colocalization of progesterone receptors (PRα/β) and Nav1.7 in TG. Results. Whole-cell recording showed that progesterone could attenuate sodium currents. Moreover, progesterone dose-dependently downregulated Nav1.7 mRNA expression and reduced the sensitivity of TMJ nociception in ovariectomized rats. Furthermore, treatment with progesterone attenuated allodynia of inflamed TMJ in a dose-dependent manner and repressed inflammation-induced Nav1.7 mRNA and protein expression in ovariectomized rats. The progesterone receptor antagonist, RU-486, partially reversed the effect of progesterone on allodynia of inflamed TMJ and TMJ inflammation-induced Nav1.7 mRNA and protein expression. Conclusion. Progesterone, by modulating trigeminal ganglionic Nav1.7, may represent a promising agent to prevent allodynia of inflamed TMJ.
Workforce and Contents of Home Dental Care in Japanese Insurance System
Authors: Nomura Yoshiaki , Okada Ayako , Kakuta Erika , Otsuka Ryoko , Saito Hideaki , Maekawa Hiroshi , Daikoku Hideki , Hanada Nobuhiro , Sato Tamotsu
Published: July 2020

Background. In Japan’s super-aging society, it is required to establish a home dental service provision system. It is necessary to analyze the current state of visiting dentistry. Methods. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a self-administered postal mail questionnaire distributed to all members of the Iwate Dental Association. We analyzed the implementation status of dental care at home/nursing facilities, the number of dental clinic staff, and the contents of dental home care. Correspondence analysis, item response theory, and zero-inflated model were used for the analysis. Results. Of the 354 dental clinics, 187 (52.8%) performed visiting dental care and 195 (55.1%) implemented dental care in a nursing home. Visit dentistry was mainly performed by part-time workers. Denture treatment and oral care were common treatments for dental home care. Conclusion. More than half of the dental clinics did not offer visiting dentistry. In order to fully provide dental visiting services, infrastructure development is necessary. Specifically, human resources are most important, even if they are part-time workers.
Decentralized Suboptimal State Feedback Integral Tracking Control Design for Coupled Linear Time-Varying Systems
Authors: Attia Mohamed Sadok , Bouafoura Mohamed Karim , Braiek Naceur Benhadj
Published: July 2020

In this paper, a suboptimal state feedback integral decentralized tracking control synthesis for interconnected linear time-variant systems is proposed by using orthogonal polynomials. Particularly, the use of operational matrices allows, by expanding the subsystem input states and outputs over a shifted Legendre polynomial basis, the conversion of time-varying parameter differential state equations to a set of time-independent algebraic ones. Hence, optimal open-loop state and control input coefficients are forwardly determined. These data are used to formulate a least-square problem, allowing the synthesis of decentralized state feedback integral control gains. Closed-loop asymptotic stability LMI conditions are given. The proposed approach effectiveness is proved by solving a nonconstant reference tracking problem for coupled inverted pendulums.
Prediction of the Impact of Deleterious Nonsynonymous Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms on the Human RRM2B Gene: A Molecular Modeling Study
Authors: Ait El Cadi Chaimaa , Krami Al Mehdi , Charoute Hicham , Elkarhat Zouhair , Sifeddine Najat , Lakhiari Hamid , Rouba Hassan , Barakat Abdelhamid , Nahili Halima
Published: July 2020

RRM2B gene encodes ribonucleoside‐diphosphate reductase subunit M2 B, the p53‐inducible small subunit (p53R2) of ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), an enzyme catalyzing dNTP synthesis for mitochondrial DNA. Defects in this gene may cause severe mitochondrial disease affecting mainly the nervous system. This study is aimed at examining the effect of deleterious nonsynonymous SNP (nsSNP) on the structure of the RRM2B protein, using a variety of prediction tools followed by a molecular modeling analysis. After using 13 algorithms, 19 nsSNPs were predicted deleterious. Among these variants, 18 decreased the protein stability and 16 were localized in very highly conserved regions. Protein 3D structure analysis showed that 18 variants changed amino acid interactions. These results concur with what has been found in experimental trials; 7 deleterious nsSNPs were previously reported in patients suffering from genetic disorders affecting the nervous system. Thus, our study will provide useful information to design more efficient and fast genetic tests to find RRM2B gene mutations.
Impact of R&D&I on the Performance of Spanish Construction Companies
Authors: López Salvador , Yepes Víctor
Published: July 2020

Deciding whether certain factors should be considered drivers of innovation in construction firms is crucial in terms of improving their performance and survival in an environment that is changing by leaps and bounds. Throughout the years, construction companies have been considered to be traditional and without the tendency to innovate. However, several studies have confirmed that this perception of the sector is evolving and that successful instruments from other industries are gradually being adapted for the benefit of the industry. The objective of this paper is therefore to investigate the potential factors affecting the performance of these organizations. Eighteen factors related to the individual, group, and organizational levels were identified through a review of the literature and an instrument developed that was validated by experienced professionals. A questionnaire was sent to 103 people working in the sector at the national level to obtain their views. The results of the classification analysis indicate that “technology and equipment” and “software acquisition” are considered the two most significant factors. In addition, these 18 factors can be classified into 7 groups: (i) internal drivers of innovation; (ii) innovation within the organization; (iii) technological innovation; (iv) technological links with the environment; (v) external drivers of innovation; (vi) innovation in processes; (vii) a culture of innovation in the company. Innovation in processes has the highest level of impact. This research deepens the current understanding of the factors at different organizational levels that must be highlighted in the implementation of an R&D system in order for companies to improve their performance and survival in future processes.
MiR-181c-5p Promotes Inflammatory Response during Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury by Downregulating Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Nonreceptor Type 4 in H9C2 Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Wang Sheng , Ge Liang , Zhang Dengwen , Wang Lin , Liu Hao , Ye Xiaodong , Liang Wanling , Li Jun , Ma Haichun , Cai Yin , Xia Zhengyuan
Published: July 2020

Background. Constitutive nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) activation has been shown to exacerbate during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. We recently showed that miR-181c-5p exacerbated cardiomyocytes injury and apoptosis by directly targeting the 3′-untranslated region of protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 4 (PTPN4). However, whether miR-181c-5p mediates cardiac I/R injury through NFκB-mediated inflammation is unknown. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the role of miR-181c-5p during myocardial I/R injury and explore its mechanism in relation to inflammation in H9C2 cardiomyocytes. Methods and Results. In hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R, 6 h hypoxia followed by 6 h reoxygenation)-stimulated H9C2 cardiomyocytes or postischemic myocardium of rat, the expression of miR-181c-5p was significantly upregulated, which was concomitant increased NFκB activity when compared to the nonhypoxic or nonischemic control groups. This is indicative that miR-181c-5p may be involved in NFκB-mediated inflammation during myocardial I/R injury. To investigate the potential role of miR-181c-5p in H/R-induced cell inflammation and injury, H9C2 cardiomyocytes were transfected with the miR-181c-5p agomir. Overexpression of miR-181c-5p significantly aggravated H/R-induced cell injury (increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level) and exacerbated NFκB-mediated inflammation (greater phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα, phosphorylation of p65, and increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β). In contrast, inhibition of miR-181c-5p by its antagomir transfection in vitro had the opposite effect. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-181c-5p significantly enhanced lipopolysaccharide-induced NFκB signalling. Additionally, knockdown of PTPN4, the direct target of miR-181c-5p, significantly aggravated H/R-induced phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα, phosphorylation of p65, and the levels of proinflammatory cytokines. PTPN4 knockdown also cancelled miR-181c-5p antagomir mediated anti-inflammatory effects in H9C2 cardiomyocytes during H/R injury. Conclusions. It is concluded that miR-181c-5p may exacerbate myocardial I/R injury and NFκB-mediated inflammation via PTPN4, and that targeting miR-181c-5p/PTPN4/NFκB signalling may represent a novel strategy to combat myocardial I/R injury.
Optimal Homotopy Asymptotic Method-Least Square for Solving Nonlinear Fractional-Order Gradient-Based Dynamic System from an Optimization Problem
Authors: Okundalaye Oluwaseun Olumide , Othman Wan Ainun Mior , Kumaresan Nallasamy
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we consider an approximate analytical method of optimal homotopy asymptotic method-least square (OHAM-LS) to obtain a solution of nonlinear fractional-order gradient-based dynamic system (FOGBDS) generated from nonlinear programming (NLP) optimization problems. The problem is formulated in a class of nonlinear fractional differential equations, (FDEs) and the solutions of the equations, modelled with a conformable fractional derivative (CFD) of the steepest descent approach, are considered to find the minimizing point of the problem. The formulation extends the integer solution of optimization problems to an arbitrary-order solution. We exhibit that OHAM-LS enables us to determine the convergence domain of the series solution obtained by initiating convergence-control parameter Cj′s. Three illustrative examples were included to show the effectiveness and importance of the proposed techniques.
Automatic Diagnosis of Microgrid Networks’ Power Device Faults Based on Stacked Denoising Autoencoders and Adaptive Affinity Propagation Clustering
Authors: Xu Fan , Shu Xin , Zhang Xiaodi , Fan Bo
Published: July 2020

This paper presents a model based on stacked denoising autoencoders (SDAEs) in deep learning and adaptive affinity propagation (adAP) for bearing fault diagnosis automatically. First, SDAEs are used to extract potential fault features and directly reduce their high dimension to 3. To prove that the feature extraction capability of SDAEs is better than stacked autoencoders (SAEs), principal component analysis (PCA) is employed to compare and reduce their dimension to 3, except for the final hidden layer. Hence, the extracted 3-dimensional features are chosen as the input for adAP cluster models. Compared with other traditional cluster methods, such as the Fuzzy C-mean (FCM), Gustafson–Kessel (GK), Gath–Geva (GG), and affinity propagation (AP), clustering algorithms can identify fault samples without cluster center number selection. However, AP needs to set two key parameters depending on manual experience—the damping factor and the bias parameter—before its calculation. To overcome this drawback, adAP is introduced in this paper. The adAP clustering algorithm can find the available parameters according to the fitness function automatic. Finally, the experimental results prove that SDAEs with adAP are better than other models, including SDAE-FCM/GK/GG according to the cluster assess index (Silhouette) and the classification error rate.
A Graph‐Based Method for IFC Data Merging
Authors: Zhao Qin , Li Yuchao , Hei Xinhong , Yang Mingsong
Published: July 2020

Collaborative work in the construction industry has always been one of the problems solved by BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology. The integration of IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) data as a general building information standard is one of the indispensable functions in collaborative work. The most practical approach of merging IFC data depends on GUID (Global Universal Identifier) comparison at present. However, GUID is not stable in current applications and often changes when exported. The intact representation of relationships between IFC entities is an essential prerequisite for proper association of IFC entities in IFC mergence. This paper proposes a graph‐based method for IFC data merging. The IFC data are represented as a graphical data structure, which completely preserves the relationship between IFC entities. IFC mergence is accomplished by associating other data with an isomorphic graph that is obtained by mining the IFC graph. The feasibility of the method is proven by a program, and the method can ignore the impacts of GUID and other factors.
Aeroelastic Flutter and Sliding Mode Control of Wind Turbine Blade
Authors: Chang Lin , Yu Yingjie , Liu Tingrui
Published: July 2020

Flutter is an important form of wind turbine blade failure. Based on damping analysis, synthetically considering aeroelastic vibration instability of the blade and using the parameter fitting method, the aeroelastic flutter model of the pretwisted blade is built, with the simulation and emulation of flap and lead-lag directions flutter of the 2D dangerous cross section realized. Through the construction of two controllers, modular combinatorial sliding mode controller and sliding mode controller based on LMI for parameterized design suppress blade aeroelastic flutter. The results show that a better control effect can be achieved on the premise of the design of the precise parameters of the controller: the proposed sliding mode control algorithm based on LMI can effectively act on the aeroelastic system of the blade, significantly reduce the vibration frequency, and make the aeroelastic system converge to an acceptable static difference in a short time, which proves the effectiveness of sliding mode control in suppressing high-frequency vibration under high wind speed.
Isotretinoin-Induced Delusional Disorder, Somatic Subtype
Authors: Jensen Katharine V. , Abba-Aji Adam
Published: July 2020

Isotretinoin, an active form of vitamin A, is the drug of last resort for the treatment of severe acne. Depression, suicidal ideation, and psychosis are among the most well-documented psychiatric side effects. Here, we report a case of isotretinoin-induced psychosis, which was diagnosed as delusional disorder somatic subtype, in a young male in the absence of any prodromal symptoms, previous psychiatric history, or family history of mental illness. The onset of psychosis was in the context of a dosage increase from 40 mg/day to 80 mg/day. Isotretinoin was discontinued, and the patient showed improvement on low-dose quetiapine.
Persistent Cutibacterium (Formerly Propionibacterium) acnes Bacteremia and Refractory Endocarditis in a Patient with Retained Implantable Pacemaker Leads
Authors: Freedman M. , Aflatooni J. O. , Foster R. , Haggerty P. G. , Derber C. J.
Published: July 2020

Cutibacterium (formerly Propionibacterium) acnes (C. acnes) is a commensal bacteria commonly found on the human skin and in the mouth. While the virulence of C. acnes is low in humans, it does produce a biofilm and has been identified as an etiologic agent in a growing number of implant-associated infections. C. acnes infections can prove diagnostically challenging as laboratory cultures can often take greater than 5 days to yield positive results, which are then often disregarded as contaminant. Patients with recurrent bacteremia in the setting of implantable devices warrant further studies to evaluate for an associated valvular or lead endocarditis. The patient in this report demonstrates how cardiac device-related endocarditis secondary to C. acnes can be overlooked due to the indolent nature of this pathogen. This patient presented with an implanted cardiac pacemaker device, as well as retained leads from a prior pacemaker. Transesophageal echocardiography was required to confirm the diagnosis in the setting of multiple positive blood cultures and negative transthoracic echocardiograms over a period of 4 years. The purpose of this report is to highlight the difficulties encountered in diagnosing C. acnes endocarditis in a patient with a cardiac implantable electronic device and persistently positive blood cultures.
Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness among Pregnant Women in a Secondary Health Facility in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Authors: Anikwe Chidebe Christian , Okorochukwu Bartholomew Chukwunonye , Ikeoha Cyril Chijioke , Asiegbu Obiora G. K. , Nnadozie Ugochukwu Uzodimma , Eze Justus Ndulue , Obuna Johnson Akuma , Okoroafor Francis Chigozie
Published: July 2020

Background. Birth preparedness and complication readiness (BP/CR) concept is based on the premise that preparing for birth and being ready for complications reduce all three phases of delay to a bad obstetric outcome. Objectives. To determine the knowledge of BP/CR with its determinants and BP/CR index among pregnant women in Abakaliki, southeast Nigeria. Methods. A cross‐sectional survey was done between 1st March 2019 and 31st July 2019 among 450 randomly selected antenatal attendees at Mile Four Hospital, Abakaliki, Nigeria. The data were obtained using a pretested interviewer‐administered structured questionnaire adapted from the maternal and neonatal health program handbook of the Johns Hopkins Program for International Education in Gynaecology and Obstetrics (JHPIEGO). The data obtained were analyzed using percentages, chi‐square, and odds ratios. The level of significance is at P value < 0.05. Results. The birth preparedness and complication readiness index was 41.9%. Only 44.9% and 36.9% of the study population had adequate knowledge of birth preparedness (BP) and complication readiness (CR), respectively. Upper social class, lower educational level, urban residence, and less than 30 years of age were associated with increased odds of respondents having adequate knowledge of BP and CR (P > 0.05). However, only booking in the 1st or 2nd trimester was a significant determinant of the respondent’s adequate knowledge of BP (AOR = 0.63, 95% CI 0.40‐0.98) and CR (AOR = 0.62, 95% CI 0.39‐0.97). Identification of transport and saving of money was the commonest birth plan while the commonest danger sign known to the participants was bleeding. Conclusion. This study revealed that knowledge of BP/CR is suboptimal. The determinant of this knowledge is antenatal booking. It is recommended that women should have adequate antenatal care education to improve their knowledge of BP/CR. This will help to increase the low BP/CR index seen in our study.
Prediction of Suspect Activity Trajectory in Food Safety Area Based on Multiple U-Model Algorithm
Authors: Wang Kang , Bu Kun , Zhang Yipeng , Li Xiaoli
Published: July 2020

Modelling and predicting the suspect activity trajectory are of great importance for preventing and fighting crime in the food safety area. Combing artificial intelligence and the multiple U-model algorithm, this paper represents a novel approach to predict the suspect activity trajectory. Based on social text data, emotional assessment is conducted using the LSTM network to detect food safety criminal suspects. Activity trajectories of criminal suspects are clustered using the graphic clustering method based on the GPS data. U-model with the sliding window algorithm is proposed to model activity trajectories. Further, the multiple U-model strategy is proposed to predict the activity trajectory based on the accumulated model error of previous positions and multiple clustered trajectories. The simulation study shows that the proposed scheme can detect food safety criminal suspects and predict their activity trajectories effectively.
Pattern Dynamics of Nonlocal Delay SI Epidemic Model with the Growth of the Susceptible following Logistic Mode
Authors: Guo Zun-Guang , Li Jing , Li Can , Liang Juan , Yan Yiwei
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we investigate pattern dynamics of a nonlocal delay SI epidemic model with the growth of susceptible population following logistic mode. Applying the linear stability theory, the condition that the model generates Turing instability at the endemic steady state is analyzed; then, the exact Turing domain is found in the parameter space. Additionally, numerical results show that the time delay has key effect on the spatial distribution of the infected, that is, time delay induces the system to generate stripe patterns with different spatial structures and affects the average density of the infected. The numerical simulation is consistent with the theoretical results, which provides a reference for disease prevention and control.
Prediction of Air Quality Based on Hybrid Grey Double Exponential Smoothing Model
Authors: Xu Zhicun , Dun Meng , Wu Lifeng
Published: July 2020

To predict the concentration of air pollutants accurately, conformable fractional accumulation grey double exponential smoothing and adjacent accumulation grey double exponential smoothing are proposed, respectively. A hybrid model with conformable fractional accumulation and adjacent accumulation is proposed to further improve the prediction accuracy. The hybrid model is applied to the prediction of AQI, PM2.5, and PM10. Compared with the traditional double exponential smoothing model, the new model has a higher prediction accuracy.
Derivatization of Levoglucosan for Compound-Specific δ13C Analysis by Gas Chromatography/Combustion/Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Zhang Dongling , Swe Aung Swe , Han Yong , Zhang Yanlin , Chen Yingjun , Li Hongli , Yu Feifei , Wang Yangjun , Feng Jialiang , Wang Wu
Published: July 2020

Levoglucosan is a thermal decomposition product of cellulose in particulate matter. δ13C value of levoglucosan could be used in studying the combustion mechanisms and chemical pathways. In order to introduce a minimum number of carbon atoms, based on the stereostructure of levoglucosan, a two-step derivatization method with methylboronic acid and MSTFA was developed and carefully optimized. The recommended reaction temperature is 70°C; the reaction time is 60 min for MBA and 120 min for MSTFA derivatization; and the molar ratio of levoglucosan : MBA : MSTFA is 1 : 1: 100 and 1 : 1: 120 and the reagent volume ratio of MSTFA : pyridine is between 1 : 3 and 1 : 4. The developed method achieved excellent reproducibility and high accuracy. The differences in the carbon isotopic compositions of the target boronate trimethysilylated derivative between the measured and calculated ranged from 0.09 to 0.36‰. The standard deviation of measured δ13C value of levoglucosan was between 0.22 and 0.48‰. The method was applied to particle samples collected from the combustion of cellulose at four different temperatures. δ13C values of levoglucosan in particle samples generated from a self-made combustion setup suggesting that combustion temperature play a little role on isotope fractionation of levoglucosan, although 13C enriched in levoglucosan during the combustion process.
Recent record of a threatened holoparasitic plant Sapria himalayana Griff. in Mehao Wildlife Sanctuary, Arunachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Arif Ahmad  , Kumar Amit , Rawat Gopal Singh , G.V. Gopi
Published: July 2020

In this note, we report the opportunistic observation of Sapria himalayana a rare and endangered plant species in Mehao Wildlife Sanctuary during our camera trapping for mammals. We recorded the plant in two locations inside the sanctuary. We found three flowers near Mehao lake and five flowers near Sally lake. Considering the restricted distribution and limited information available on Sapria himalayana it is suggested that further ecological studies to document their host plants, population and threat assessment will aid in their conservation.
Living with Leopard Panthera pardus fusca (Mammalia: Carnivora: Felidae): livestock depredation and community perception in Kalakkad-Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve, southern Western Ghats
Authors: Bawa Mothilal Krishnakumar  , Rajarathinavelu Nagarajan  , Kanagaraj Muthamizh selvan
Published: July 2020

Livestock depredation by large carnivores and retaliatory killings have become worldwide conservation issues.  Leopard depredation of livestock across their range undermines public support for their conservation, resulting in contentious coexistence between the leopard and humans.  Lack of knowledge on the patterns of livestock depredation often hinders the formulation of effective conservation management policies.  We conducted a questionnaire survey on 656 respondents to assess the extent of livestock depredation and their attitudes towards leopards.  Leopard kills included goats (49%) as the main prey, followed by the domestic dog (28%), hen (12%), sheep (5%), cow (4%), and cat (2%).  Our results show that depredation varied significantly across seasons (KW = 30.33, df = 2, P < 0.05); 47% of domestic animals were killed during monsoon, followed by 33% in winter, and 20% in summer.  Leopards killed 49.96% of goats as they grazed, 50% of sheep when tethered at the house, 67% of cows while in the corral, and 59% of dogs while they roamed freely around the house.  Though local people experienced significant levels of livestock losses, about 68% expressed positive attitudes towards leopard conservation.  Positive attitudes were revealed by their awareness about conservation and by moral consciousness towards killing of animals, which is forbidden in their religion.  In the present study site, fodder cultivation and stall feeding would reduce the grazing-related attack.  Similarly, simple changes in the husbandry practices such as closed fence type instead of stockade, effectively reduce enclosure-related depredation.
Ichthyofaunal diversity of Manjeera Reservoir, Manjeera Wildlife Sanctuary, Telangana, India
Authors: Kante Krishna Prasad , Younus Mohammed , Srinivasulu Chelmala
Published: July 2020

The ichthyofaunal diversity of Manjeera Wildlife Sanctuary in Telangana State was studied between October 2015 and November 2016.  A total of 57 species of fish belonging to 42 genera, within 20 families and 11 orders were recorded.  The present communication provides an updated ichthyofaunal checklist of Manjeera Reservoir and discusses the threats to fish in Manjeera Wildlife Sanctuary.
Eleven new records of lichens to the state of Kerala, India
Authors: Zachariah Sonia Anna , Nayaka Sanjeeva , Joseph Siljo , Gupta Pooja , Varghese Scaria Kadookunnel
Published: July 2020

Abstract:The present paper deals with new records of lichen species from the state of Kerala, India. The study was conducted as part of the exploration of lichen mycota from the croplands and forests of Pathanamthitta district in Kerala. Field study and collection of specimens were conducted during the period 2017-2019. Specimens were identified using standard procedures, keys and literature followed by preservation and deposition in the recognized herbaria of the country (LWG and RHK). Eleven species of lichens, Cladonia praetermissa A.W. Archer, Collema japonicum (Müll. Arg.) Hue, Heterodermia hypochraea (Vain.) Swinscow & Krog, Leptogium coralloideum (Meyen & Flot.) Vain., Pannaria emodii P.M. Jørg., Phyllopsora chlorophaea (Müll. Arg.) Zahlbr., Phyllopsora parvifolia var. subgranulosa (Tuck.) Müll. Arg., Physcia dilatata Nyl., Physcia dubia (Hoffm.) Lettau, Physcia sorediosa (Vain.) Lynge, and Pseudocyphellaria clathrata (De Not.) Malme are being reported for the first time from Kerala.  These are enumerated along with their present distribution. This study further enriches the lichen diversity of the state.
The worrisome conservation status of ecosystems within the distribution range of the Spectacled Bear Tremarctos ornatus (Mammalia: Carnivora: Ursidae) in Ecuador
Authors: Guerrero-Casado José , Zambrano Ramón H.
Published: July 2020

The distribution range of Spectacled Bear in Ecuador has been strongly fragmented owing to human activities, thus studying the conservation status of the remaining patches in which this species inhabits is essential to ensure its conservation. We performed a descriptive analysis of the conservation status of the ecosystems that form part of the Spectacled Bear distribution range in Ecuador, using values of five indicators (fragmentation, connectivity, threat, vulnerability and fragility) provided by the Ecuadorian Ministry of Environment.  Moreover, we compared the conservation status between scrubland & pastures and evergreen forest ecosystem according to the five indicators. Overall, the Spectacled Bear distribution in Ecuador is covered by a greater surface area of ecosystems classified with a medium level of fragmentation (58.8%), low connectivity (45.1%), high fragility (45.6%), high (38.2%) and medium threat (39.2%), as well as high (33.7%) and medium (33.1 %) vulnerability.  Scrubland and pastures ecosystems had worse conservation status than evergreen forests, with 98% of their surface classified as having low or very low connectivity, 77.3% as high fragility and 77.4% as high threat.  These results showed the worrisome conservation status of the ecosystems shaping the distribution range of Spectacled Bear in Ecuador, particularly the scrubland and pastures, and therefore, a wider national strategy (inside and outside the limits of the bear distribution range) should be applied to ensure the preservation of these ecosystems.
Impact of vehicular traffic on birds in Tiruchirappalli District, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Siva T. , P. Neelanarayanan
Published: July 2020

Roads have numerous direct and indirect ecological impacts on wildlife.  Roads constitute an extensive and integral part of our environment.  Collisions with vehicles kill a large number of birds every year.  The present study was carried out from January 2016 to December 2016.  The data was collected from Nehru Memorial College to Pavithram Lake of Thuraiyur to Namakkal road of Musiri Taluk, Tiruchchirappalli District.  During this study, we recorded a total of 64 birds belonging to 12 species killed due to vehicular traffic.  A maximum of 11 birds were killed in the months of January and October, and a minimum of two bird kills were observed in the months of September and December.  Of the 64 birds, the roadside mortality was observed to the tune of 25%, 20.3%, 14%, 12.5%, 10.9%, 4.6%, and 4.6% for Southern Coucal Centropus parroti, Common Myna Acridotheres tristis, House Crow Corvus splendens, Spotted Owlet Athene brama, Indian Jungle Crow Corvus culminatus, Yellow-billed Babbler Turdoides affinis, and Large Grey Babbler Turdoides malcolmi.  Other birds such as Asian Koel Eudynamys scolopaceus, Indian Roller Coracias benghalensis, Shikra Accipiter badius, White-breasted Waterhen Amaurornis phoenicurus, and White-browed Bulbul Pycnonotus luteolus accounted for 1.5% mortality.  Suggestive measures to prevent wildlife loss due to vehicular traffic are presented in this communication.
A checklist of macrofungi (mushroom) diversity and distribution in the forests of Tripura, India
Authors: Debnath Sanjit , Upadhyay Ramesh Chandra , Saha Rahul , Majumdar Koushik , Das Panna , Saha Ajay Krishna
Published: July 2020

Abstract: The tropical region, which has the highest macrofungi diversity, has not been fully exploited instead of this is an important component of the global diversity. However, no work has been carried out to assess such diversity in Tripura. Since tropical forests are diverse in plant composition and structure, hence the objective of this study was to explore the mushroom species richness in Tripura, Northeast India with the aim of producing a checklist along with their present geographical distributions, key identification characters and valid photographs. Field surveys and collection of mushrooms were carried out in Tripura covering different sites during 2015–2018. Data on macrofungal diversity, distribution patterns and taxonomic identification were analyzed. A total of 217 wild mushrooms were documented from eight districts of Tripura, northeastern India. Out of 217 samples, 202 samples were identified up to the genus level, 125 samples were identified up to the species level.  A total of 76 genera belonging to 60 families and 25 orders were classified in this ecological study. The majority of macrofungi belong to the family Polyporaceae (30 nos), and order Agaricales (103 specimens). The wild macrofungi were collected from 56 sites of eight districts of this state and the maximum macrofungi diversity was recorded from Sepahijala District. Present findings also observed that the maximum wild fungi of this state grow on different plant parts. This is the preliminary study on documentation of wild macrofungi from eight districts of Tripura, northeastern India and it will be used as a reference database of wild mushrooms of this state, which will also help in future research work in different fields.
First records of the black widow spider Latrodectus elegans Thorell, 1898 (Araneae: Theridiidae) from Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Binu , Dörr Tobias
Published: July 2020

Latrodectus spp. are globally widespread, however, the occurrence of members of this genus in Nepal has been unconfirmed, with no recent observations reported in the literature.  Here, we present evidence for the occurrence of Latrodectus elegans Thorell, 1898 in west-central Nepal.
Some rare damselflies and dragonflies (Odonata: Zygoptera and Anisoptera) in Ukraine: new records, notes on distribution, and habitat preferences
Authors: Martynov Alexander V.
Published: July 2020

New records of 11 rare species of damselflies and dragonflies (Calopteryx virgo, Lestes macrostigma, Nehalennia speciosa, Coenagrion scitulum, Ophiogomphus cecilia, Lindenia tetraphylla, Cordulegaster boltonii, Somatochlora arctica, Leucorrhinia albifrons, Leucorrhinia caudalis, and Selysiothemis nigra) within Ukraine are given.  Habitats  and distribution of species within the country are briefly discussed.  Breeding sites of C. boltonii within Ukraine is found for the first time and confirmed with larval material.  Somatochlora arctica is recommended for inclusion in the next edition of the Red Data Book of Ukraine.
Herminium longilobatum (Orchidaceae), a new record for Bhutan
Authors: Dechen Ugyen , Wangchuk Tandin , Norbu Lam
Published: July 2020

Herminium longilobatum S.N. Hedge & A.N. Rao is reported here as new record to Bhutan.  With the documentation of this species, the total number of species belonging to this genus in Bhutan adds up to 20.  Short description, phenology, ecology and colour images are provided for the same.
Length-weight relationships of two conservation-concern mahseers (Teleostei: Cyprinidae: Tor) of the river Cauvery, Karnataka, India
Authors: Pinder Adrian C. , Raghavan Rajeev , Bower Shannon D. , Britton J. Robert
Published: July 2020

Length-weight (LW) relationships are presented for two conservation-concern species of mahseer (Tor spp.) from southern India’s river Cauvery.  Constructed from angler catch data, these are the first available LW relationships for the Critically Endangered Tor remadevii and the non-native and locally invasive Tor khudree.  For T. remadevii, the value of b, the allometric parameter, was 2.94 (95% CI: 2.75–3.14) and was not significantly different from 3.0, indicating isometric growth (t = 0.61, P = 0.54).  For T. khudree, b was greater at 3.18 (95% CI: 3.01–3.38), but with this also not significantly different from 3.0 (t = 1.91, P = 0.06).  Outputs are discussed with reference to species conservation and recreational catch-and-release fisheries.
Population dynamics and management strategies for the invasive African Catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) in the Western Ghats hotspot
Authors: Kuttanelloor Roshni  , Chelapurath Radhakrishnan Renjithkumar  , Raghavan Rajeev , Dahanukar Neelesh , Kutty Ranjeet
Published: July 2020

The African sharp-tooth catfish, Clarias gariepinus has caused significant negative impacts on freshwater biodiversity, especially in the developing world. An assessment of the demographics of an invasive C. gariepinus population from a freshwater Alliance for Zero Extinction (AZE) site in Southern India, revealed high growth rate, low fishing mortality and year-round recruitment as major driving factors aiding its successful establishment. Modelling of population dynamics using virtual population analysis and yield per recruit suggests that, while capturing larger individuals can help reduce population, eradication of the species is possible only by targeting small-sized, immature fish (<10 cm).
Tracing heavy metals in urban ecosystems through the study of bat guano - a preliminary study from Kerala, India
Authors: Johnson Jithin , Vincent Moncey
Published: July 2020

Abstract: Bat guano serves as a potential bio-indicator tool for accessing the heavy metals contamination level in bats.  Such a non-invasive tool also permits an assessment of the plausible risks of heavy metal pollution among wildlife, humans, and the ecosystem.  The study provides the first assessment of metals such as mercury, chromium, copper, manganese, and nickel in bat guano from the Indian state of Kerala, thus providing us valuable information on the quality of the environment.
The Early Judeo-Persian Manuscripts in the British Library and in the National Library of Russia
Authors: Haim Ofir
Published: July 2020

This article concerns a textual corpus of nine manuscripts written in Early Judeo-Persian. These manuscripts, which are preserved in the British Library and in the National Library of Russia, contain various exegetical works copied by the same group of scribes during the eleventh-twelfth centuries. This article attempts to demonstrate that these manuscripts were also composed in the same possibly-Karaite intellectual milieu, and not merely copied by the same scribes, using two criteria: similar exegetical explanations of the same biblical passages and the employment of Karaite-Hebrew terminology. Furthermore, the examination of these criteria reveals yet another common feature—the manuscripts’ affinity to the works of the tenth-century Karaite scholar Yefet ben ʿEli, which suggests either reliance on Karaite exegetical works written in Judeo-Arabic or a shared background.
Judeo-Spanish Manuscripts in the Firkovitch Collections
Authors: Markova Alla
Published: July 2020

This paper presents several rather unexpected manuscripts that have been discovered in the Firkovitch collections. These collections, which are preserved in the National Library of Russia, are best known for Hebrew, Karaite, Samaritan, and Judeo-Arabic manuscripts, and have attracted the interest of specialists in Middle-Eastern languages and cultures. It is generally not known that they also contain manuscripts written in a western language. In the course of my research on the collections, however, I have come across approximately twenty manuscripts in Judeo-Spanish.
In-Situ Grown ZnS Nanoparticles on Amorphous Carbon Nanotubes Improved Cold Cathode Emission and Photoluminescence
Authors: Jha Arunava , Sarkar Sudipta Kumar , Chattopadhyay Kalyan Kumar
Published: July 2020

The current work reveals notable increase in field emission and photoluminescence characteristics of amorphous carbon nanotubes after forming its composite with In-Situ grown zinc sulfide (ZnS) nanoparticles. An easy chemical technique was employed to synthesize amorphous carbon
nanotubes (ACNTs) and then ZnS nanoparticles were grown on them through an In-Situ solvothermal process. The morphology of the ZnS-ACNTs hybrid material was investigated through scanning electron microscope. Photoluminescence and field emission studies of the material were carried out
as well in order to realize the applications. Substantial increase in photoluminescence intensity was found for ZnS-ACNTs hybrid material in comparison with pure amorphous carbon nanotubes, the hybrid also turned out as a better field-emitter than pure amorphous carbon nanotubes. Turnon field
for ZnS-ACNTs composite decreased to 6 Vμm−1 which was 8 Vμm−1 in case of pure amorphous carbon nanotubes. A simulation analysis following finite element modelling method was carried out which ensured the improvement as field emitter for
amorphous carbon nanotubes after ZnS nanoparticles were grown on them. Altogether the hybrid material proved to be a potential candidate for luminescent and cold cathode applications.
Evaluation of the Therapeutic Effect of Magneto-Nanomicelles Based on Magneto-Thermal and Photo-Thermal Therapy
Authors: Lin Weiwen , Chen Zhizhong , Fang Jiaoning , Chen Jingming , Xie Jiangao , Wang Shu , Huang Guoming , Duan Qing , Lin Ruolan , Wang Lili
Published: July 2020

In this study, we investigated the hyperthermia efficiency of magnetic hyperthermia therapy (MHT), photo-thermal therapy (PTT), and the combination of both techniques by employing SPIO-based magneto-nanomicelles as the heating agents. Magneto-nanomicelles in aqueous suspension were
exposed to 808-nm laser irradiation (PTT mode), alternating magnetic field (MHT mode), and both modalities (DUAL mode). All the three methods can offer effective temperature increases (above 20 °C). DUAL-mode resulted in an approximately 2-fold increase in heating efficiency (36 °C)
compared with PTT or MHT alone. For in vivo experiments, a total of 24 Lewis carcinoma-bearing mice were randomly divided into four groups: the control group (no therapy), PTT, MHT, and DUAL group. In the three therapy groups, magneto-nanomicelles were injected into the tumor and the
corresponding treatment measures were performed every other day for a total of three times each. MRI scans were used to calculate tumor volume after each treatment. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed to compare the curative effect of different treatment groups. Compared with
the control group, PTT, MHT, and DUAL groups all showed a significant inhibitory effect on tumor volume (P < 0.05). In the DUAL group, the mean tumor volume was smaller than that of the PTT or the MHT group. Our work demonstrated that hyperthermia using SPIO-based magnetonanomicelles
has a remarkable suppressive effect in anticancer therapy. Moreover, the combined model of hyperthermia in vivo can achieve synthetic effects with shorter healing time by using the same magneto-nanomicelles.
Bandgap Modulation of Glancing Angle Deposition Aided Ag Nanoparticles Covered TiO2 Thin Film by High Temperature Annealing
Authors: Nath Amitabha , Raman Rahul , Yadav Vinit Kumar , Sannibabu Pudi , Sarkar Mitra Barun
Published: July 2020

Glancing Angle Deposition (GLAD) technique has been used to fabricate the Ag nanoparticles (NPs) over TiO2 thin film (TF) on the n-Si substrate. The deposited Ag NPs are in the size of 3–5 nm. Open-air annealing has been done at 500 °C and 600 °C for
the n-Si/TiO2 TF/Ag NP samples. High Resolution X-ray Diffraction (HRXRD) peaks were identified to calculate the crystalline size of the NPs and rutile phase of the annealed sample were exhibited. Morphological analysis has been done for the sample using Field Emission Scanning
Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The enhancement of plasmonic absorption and modulation in the bandgap for the annealed Ag NPs surrounded TiO2 TF has been verified by UV-Vis Spectroscopy and the bandgap has been
calculated using Tauc plot. An overall 2.5 fold and 3 fold enhancement has been observed in the UV region and visible region for n-Si/TiO2 TF/Ag NP annealed at 500 °C and 600 °C samples as compared to the n-Si/TiO2 TF/Ag NP as-deposited samples.
The modulation of bandgap due to the sub-band transition and Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) effect of Ag NPs and relevant sub-band transition due to change in annealing temperature has been reported.