bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantitative analysis of Gd in the protein content of the brain following single injection of gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) by size exclusion chromatography
Authors: Kartamihardja Achmad Adhipatria Perayabangsa , Hanaoka Hirofumi , Andriana Putri , Kameo Satomi , Takahashi Ayako , Koyama Hiroshi , Tsushima Yoshito
Published: May 2019

Objective:

To investigate the role of transporter proteins in gadolinium (Gd) distribution and retention in the brain after one high-dose injection of Gd-based contrast agent (GBCA).

Methods and materials:

30 ddY mice were randomly divided into three treatment groups to be intravenously injected with either Gadodiamide (linear GBCA), Gadobutrol (macrocyclic GBCA), or Gadoterate (macrocyclic GBCA) at a dose of 5 mmol/kg, while five mice in the control group received 250 µL saline. Five minutes (5 min) and ten days (10d) post-injection, the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), choroid plexus (CP), and meninges and associated vasculature (MAV) were collected. The brain was then dissected to obtain the olfactory bulb, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum, and brainstem. Proteins were extracted and separated by a size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography (SEC) system, and Gd concentrations were quantified by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).

Results:

5 m post-injection, the Gadodiamide group had the highest Gd concentration, while Gadoterate had the lowest Gd concentration in all parts of the brain (p < .05). Gd concentration was highest in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of the Gadodiamide group (578.4 ± 135.3 nmol), while Gd concentration was highest in MAV in the Gadobutrol group (379.7 ± 75.4 nmol) at 5 min post-injection. At 10d, in spite of the significant decrease of Gd from all GBCAs ( p < 0.01), retained Gd from Gadodiamide was detected all over the brain in several molecules that varied in size. Gd from Gadobutrol detected in the olfactory bulb (8.7 ± 4.5 nmol) was significantly higher than in other parts of the brain. Although most Gd from Gadobutrol was found in molecules similar in size to Gadobutrol, it was also found in several protein molecules of molecular size larger than the contrast agents. Only a small amount of Gd from Gadoterate was found in the brain.

Conclusion:

GBCAs may be able to pass through intact brain barriers, and the chemical structures of GBCAs may affect the penetration capability of Gd into the brain. Retained Gd in the brain tissue from Gadodiamide and Gadobutrol may be bound to some organic molecules, including proteins.

Advances in knowledge:

Intact GBCA are able to penetrate a series of brain barrier immediately after administration regardless the type of the chelate. Gd may be bound with macromolecules that may cause Gd retention in the brain.
Scapulothoracic dissociation
Authors: Kani Kimia Khalatbari , Chew Felix S
Published: May 2019

Scapulothoracic dissociation is a rare and potentially limb- and life-threatening injury, that results from high-energy trauma. Scapulothoracic dissociation has the potential to be overlooked in the acute setting, especially in the setting of polytrauma. Therefore, a careful search for this condition should be performed in all patients with high-energy shoulder girdle injuries. The goals of this article are to review the anatomy of the scapulothoracic articulation as well as the spectrum, imaging evaluation, differential diagnosis and management of scapulothoracic dissociations.
Socialização organizacional em campus de Instituto Federal
Authors: Correia Adriana Da Silva , Montezano Lana
Published: May 2019

O artigo objetiva descrever a percepção dos servidores de um Campus do IFB sobre processo de socialização organizacional e identificar dificuldades e necessidades de aperfeiçoamento. O estudo é teórico-empírico, descritivo, recorte transversal, abordagem mista, coleta de dados com questionário eletrônico e feitas análise de conteúdo e estatística descritiva. Foi usada amostragem não probabilística por conveniência com participação de 76% da população. Os resultados apontam que 51,5% dos servidores participam em programa de integração, 55,9% em treinamento, 74,3% concordam que a integração contribuiu com o processo de adaptação e 84,2% obtêm conhecimento para executar as tarefas após o treinamento. Percebe-se a influência positiva da socialização organizacional no preparo do servidor ao exercício de suas funções. Apresentar a socialização organizacional como ferramenta estratégica, e as dificuldades e recomendações de melhoria das práticas de socialização foram as principais contribuições desta pesquisa para compreensão do fenômeno e como pontos de atenção para as organizações.
Características empreendedoras do discente do curso de Engenharia de Produção na Indústria 4.0
Authors: Silva Mariana Augusta de Araújo , Reategui Bryan Abreu , Oliveira Cesar Bündchen Záccaro de
Published: May 2019

A Quarta Revolução Industrial traz consigo as potencialidades da evolução da tecnologia da informação e do conhecimento. Esse novo cenário impacta na produção, consumo, organização da sociedade e das relações de trabalho. Este artigo tem por objetivo geral identificar, por meio da percepção docente, as características empreendedoras consideradas como mais importantes para a formação do engenheiro de produção que pretende atuar na indústria 4.0. A abordagem da pesquisa é quantitativa. Quanto aos objetivos, é exploratória descritiva, com levantamento de dados por meio do Survey. O objeto de investigação são todos os professores do Curso de Engenharia de Produção de uma IES no estado do Ceará. Conclui-se que as informações e os conhecimentos coletados contribuem para que as IES e os professores superem desafios na promoção da inclusão da temática da Indústria 4.0 dentro da academia e dos conceitos do empreendedor para a formação integral do discente focado na atuação diferenciada no mercado de trabalho.
Editorial
Authors: Weersma Laodicéia Amorim , Coelho Arnaldo Fernandes Matos
Published: May 2019

O cenário em direção ao que se denomina Internet of Things (IoT) tem impactado diretamente no contexto econômico-financeiro e tende a trazer à tona, segundo Weersma, Coelho e Shintaku (2019), uma sociedade contemporânea sedimentada em processos complexos e dinâmicos, formada como uma teia por atores que buscam o alcance de objetivos nos mais diversos contextos e perspectivas. A partir dessa percepção, entendemos que as sociedades parecem ficar mais fluídas, o que vem ao encontro com as afirmações de Bauman (2001) de que estamos vivendo em tempos líquidos. [...].
Recalibrating the ‘world map’ of palliative care development
Authors: Baur Nicole , Centeno Carlos , Garralda Eduardo , Connor Stephen , Clark David
Published: May 2019

Background: Despite growing interest from policy makers, researchers and activists in the global development of palliative care, there is still little science to underpin it. This study presents the methods deployed in the creation of a ‘world map’ of palliative care development. Building on two previous iterations, with improved rigour and taking into account reviewers’ feedback, the aim of this recalibrated version of the study is to determine the level of palliative care development in 198 United Nations recognised countries in 2017, whilst ensuring comparability with previous versions. We present methods of data collection and analysis.

Methods and analysis: Primary data on the level of palliative care development in 2017 was collected from in-country experts through an online questionnaire and, where required, supplemented by published documentary sources and grey literature. Data relating to the total population of each country as well as per capita opioid consumption were derived from independent sources. Data analysis was conducted according to a new scoring system and algorithm developed by the research team.  

Ethics and dissemination: The study was approved by the University of Glasgow College of Social Sciences Research Ethics Committee. Findings of the study will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals, as a contribution to the second edition of the Global Atlas of Palliative Care at the End-of-Life, and via social media, including the Glasgow End of Life Studies Group blog and the project website.

Limitations of the study: There are potential biases associated with self-reporting by key in-country experts. In some countries, the identified key expert failed to complete the questionnaire in whole or part and data limitations were potentially compounded by language restrictions, as questionnaires were available only in three European languages. The study relied in part on data from independent sources, the accuracy of these data could not be verified.
Edge and Fog Computing in Healthcare – A Review
Authors: Dash Sujata , Biswas Sitanath , Banerjee Debajit , Rahman Atta UR
Published: May 2019

The architectural framework of Fog and edge computing reveals that the network components which lie between the cloud and devices computes application oriented operations. In this paper, an in-depth review of fog and mist computing in the area of health care informatics is analyzed, classified, and discussed various applications cited in the literature. For that purpose, applications are classified into different categories and a list of application-oriented tasks that can be handled by fog and edge computing are enlisted. It is further added that on which layer of the network system such fog and edge computing tasks can be computed and trade-offs with respect to requirements relevant to healthcare are provided. The review undertaken in this paper focuses on three important areas: firstly, the enormous amount of computing tasks of healthcare system can take mileage of these two computing principles; secondly, the limitation of wireless devices can be overcome by having higher network tiers which can execute tasks and aggregate the data; and thirdly, privacy concerns and dependability prevent computation tasks to completely move to the cloud. Another area which has been considered in the study is how Edge and Fog computing can make the security algorithms more efficient. The findings of the study provide evidence of the need for a logical and consistent approach towards fog and mist computing in healthcare system.
Hybrid Balanced Task Clustering Algorithm for Scientific Workflows in Cloud Computing
Authors: Kaur Avinash , Gupta Pooja , Singh Manpreet
Published: May 2019

Scientific Workflow is a composition of both coarse-grained and fine-grained computational tasks displaying varying execution requirements. Large-scale data transfer is involved in scientific workflows, so efficient techniques are required to reduce the makespan of the workflow. Task clustering is an efficient technique used in such a scenario that involves combining multiple tasks with shorter execution time into a single cluster to be executed on a resource. This leads to a reduction of scheduling overheads in scientific workflows and thus improvement of performance. However available task clustering methods involve clustering the tasks horizontally without the consideration of the structure of tasks in a workflow. We propose hybrid balanced task clustering algorithm that uses the parameter of impact factor of workflows along with the structure of workflow. According to this technique, tasks can be considered for clustering either vertically or horizontally based on the value of the impact factor. This minimizes the system overheads and the makespan for execution of a workflow. A simulation based evaluation is performed on real workflows that shows the proposed algorithm is efficient in recommending clusters. It shows improvement of 5-10\% in makespan time of workflow depending on the type of workflow used.
Static Load Balancing Technique for Geographically Partitioned Public Cloud
Authors: Kaur Mandeep , Mohana Rajni
Published: May 2019

Large number of users are shifting to the cloud system for their different kind of needs. Hence the number of applications on public cloud are increasing day by day. Handling public cloud is becoming unmanageable in comparison to other counterparts. Though fog technology has reduced the load on centralized cloud resources to a remarkable extent, still load handled at cloud end is significantly high. Geographic partitioning of public cloud can resolve these issues by adding manageability and efficiency in this situation. Dividing public cloud in smaller partitions opens ways to manage resources and requests in a better way. But, partitioned clouds introduce different ends for submission and operations of tasks and virtual machines. We have tried to handle all these complexities in this paper. Proposed work is focused upon load balancing in the partitioned public cloud by combining centralized and decentralized approaches, assuming the presence of fog layer. A load balancer entity is used for decentralized load balancing at partitions and a controller entity is used for centralized level to balance the overall load at various partitions. In the proposed approach, it is assumed that jobs are segregated first. All the jobs which can be handled locally by fog resources are not forwarded to the cloud layer directly. Those are processed locally by decentralized fog resources. Selection of an appropriate Virtual Machine (VM) for filtered set of job, which are forwarded to cloud environment, is done in three steps. Initially, selecting the partition with a maximum available capacity of resources. Then finding the appropriate node with maximum available resources, within a selected partition. And finally, the VM with minimum execution time for a task is chosen. Results are compared with the results produced in this work with First Come First Serve (FCFS) and Shortest Job First (SJF) algorithms, implemented in same setup i.e. partitioned cloud. This paper compares the Waiting Time, Finish Time and Actual Run Time of tasks using these algorithms. After initial experimentation, it is found that in most of the cases, while comparing above parameters, the proposed approach is producing better results than FCFS algorithm. But results produced by SJF algorithm produce better results. To reduce the number of unhandled jobs, a new load state is introduced which checks load beyond conventional load states. Major objective of this approach is to reduce the need of runtime virtual machine migration and to reduce the wastage of resources, which may be occurring due to predefined values of threshold. The implementation is done using CloudSim.
“Dice”-sion–Making Under Uncertainty: When Can a Random Decision Reduce Risk?
Authors: Delage Erick , Kuhn Daniel , Wiesemann Wolfram
Published: May 2019

Stochastic programming and distributionally robust optimization seek deterministic decisions that optimize a risk measure, possibly in view of the most adverse distribution in an ambiguity set. We investigate under which circumstances such deterministic decisions are strictly outperformed by random decisions, which depend on a randomization device producing uniformly distributed samples that are independent of all uncertain factors affecting the decision problem. We find that, in the absence of distributional ambiguity, deterministic decisions are optimal if both the risk measure and the feasible region are convex or alternatively, if the risk measure is mixture quasiconcave. We show that some risk measures, such as mean (semi-)deviation and mean (semi-)moment measures, fail to be mixture quasiconcave and can, therefore, give rise to problems in which the decision maker benefits from randomization. Under distributional ambiguity, however, we show that, for any ambiguity-averse risk measure satisfying a mild continuity property, we can construct a decision problem in which a randomized decision strictly outperforms all deterministic decisions.

This paper was accepted by Teck Ho, optimization.
Sharing the Revenues from Broadcasting Sport Events
Authors: Bergantiños Gustavo , Moreno-Ternero Juan D.
Published: May 2019

We study the problem of sharing the revenues from broadcasting sport league events among participating teams. We provide direct, axiomatic, and game-theoretical foundations for two focal rules: the equal-split rule and concede-and-divide. The former allocates the revenues generated from broadcasting each game equally among the participating teams in the game. The latter concedes each team the revenues from its fan base and divides equally the residual. We also provide an application studying the case of sharing the revenue from broadcasting games in La Liga, the Spanish Football League. We show that hybrid schemes, combining our rules with lower bounds and performance measures, yield close outcomes to the current allocation being implemented by the Spanish National Professional Football League Association.

This paper was accepted by Manel Baucells, decision analysis.
Combating Child Labor: Incentives and Information Disclosure in Global Supply Chains
Authors: Cho Soo-Haeng , Fang Xin , Tayur Sridhar , Xu Ying
Published: May 2019

Problem definition: We investigate multinational firms’ inspection and pricing strategies to address the challenges of combating child labor in global supply chains. We also examine how several factors (such as information disclosure, goodwill loss, inspection cost, external monitoring by nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and penalty scheme) affect firms’ incentives to use different strategies to combat child labor. Academic/practical relevance: Nearly 200 million children are engaged in child labor, many in developing countries that are part of the supply base of global manufacturing networks. However, there has been little research on evaluating the impact of firms’ strategies and NGOs’ initiatives on child labor. Methodology: We develop a game-theoretic model based on a two-tier supply chain, in which a multinational firm in a developed country sells the product made by a supplier in a developing country. Results: If internal inspections are economical, a global firm can reduce the incidence of child labor by inspecting the supplier’s use of child labor. Otherwise, the firm can deter the supplier’s child labor employment by offering a sufficiently high wholesale price or simultaneously using internal inspections and a medium wholesale price. The latter strategy should be adopted only when information about the firm’s inspection policy can be informed credibly. This strategy combats child labor more effectively when a higher penalty is levied onto the supplier’s use of child labor. Managerial implications: A multinational firm that adopts a zero-tolerance policy should consider disclosing its effort to combat child labor (e.g., through a social responsibility report), whereas it should take extra caution when using other penalty schemes. NGOs should help raise the firm’s goodwill cost (e.g., through campaigns and consumer education), but they should be careful about helping to reduce the firm’s inspection cost (e.g., by improving a monitoring system). To prevent children from going back to work after initial removal, a sufficient amount of compensation should be provided to those children, especially when firms rely on inspections without paying a high wholesale price to suppliers.
Disruption Risk Mitigation in Supply Chains: The Risk Exposure Index Revisited
Authors: Gao Sarah Yini , Simchi-Levi David , Teo Chung-Piaw , Yan Zhenzhen
Published: May 2019

In recent years, supply chains are more prone to disruptions. The impact on performance depends on the system's ability to discover and then recover after the disruption has occurred. In this paper, we proposed a new method to integrate probabilistic assessment of disruption risks into the Risk Exposure Index (REI) approach proposed previously by Simchi-Levi et al. and measure supply chain resiliency by analyzing the worst-case CVaR (WCVaR) of total lost sales under disruptions. We show that the optimal strategic inventory positioning strategy in this model can be fully characterized by a conic program. The optimal primal and dual solutions to the conic program can be used to shed light on comparative statics in the supply chain risk mitigation problem. This information can help supply chain risk managers focus their mitigation efforts on critical suppliers and/or installations that will have greater impact on the performance of the supply chain when disrupted.
Should midwives learn to scan for presentation? Findings from a large survey of midwives in the UK
Authors: Barnfield Lauren , Bamfo Jacqueline , Norman Lynne
Published: May 2019

Background

Undiagnosed breech presentation in labour is associated with fetal morbidity and mortality, and may cause significant maternal anxiety. With increasing availability of scan machines, ultrasound is now widely used in UK maternity settings. Bedside presentation scans are usually undertaken by junior doctors, often leading to delays and frustration among staff and patients.

Aims

To assess local practices and attitudes towards midwives scanning for presentation.

Methods

A nine-question anonymous online survey was first disseminated by email locally, and then via social media. It was open to all UK non-sonographer midwives and midwifery students. A total of 870 responses were received between January and April 2018.

Findings

The survey highlighted significant variation in practice across the UK. Of those who did not scan for presentation, 85.2% felt that being able to do so would improve their practice, with the majority of respondents highlighting improvements in patient safety and satisfaction as well as workflow.

Conclusions

This demonstrates that demand exists for a postgraduate or accredited short course to teach midwives how to safely and accurately scan to assess fetal presentation.
Collaborative coaching and learning in midwifery clinical placements
Authors: Tweedie Kirsty , Yerrell Jodie , Crozier Kenda
Published: May 2019

The model of coaching and collaborative learning is based on the nursing model of collaborative learning in practice developed at University of East Anglia and supported by Health Education East of England.

The model was adapted to fit the midwifery antenatal and postnatal ward, where it was trialled between September 2016 and August 2017. During the trial, students, coaches, mentors and other staff on the ward were supported by the clinical education midwife. Evaluation data were collected in the normal module evaluations and showed overall satisfaction with the model and the opportunities for sharing learning.

The model is now being rolled out to other placement areas. Keys to success included good preparation of the clinical placement areas and supported from a practice educator.
How to write for a dental journal
Authors: Berry Claire
Published: May 2019

Claire Berry suggests dental nurses should ‘just do it’ if they are still umming and ahhing over committing pen to paper
Add a spring to your step
Authors: Siddon Roz
Published: May 2019

Is dental nursing a healthy job? Dental nurse Roz Siddon traces her own journey to a healthier working life and asks if we should all lead by example
Dry mouth and oral health
Authors: Sharma Priya
Published: May 2019

Priya Sharma considers the condition and its relation to the role of the dental nurse
Applying AHP in Conflict Resolution
Authors: Vargas Luis G , Zoffer H. J.
Published: May 2019

The current failure to resolve conflicts worldwide highlights the need for a different approach to conflict resolution. A new International Center for Conflict Resolution (IC4CR), to be housed in the Joseph M. Katz Graduate School of Business, was funded by the University of Pittsburgh Chancellor Patrick Gallagher in response to a proposal by professors Luis Vargas and Jerry Zoffer. 

The mission of IC4CR is to provide decision makers with an in-depth understanding of the negotiating positions of all parties and recommend implementation guidelines, based on preferences and priorities, to facilitate resolution of otherwise intractable conflicts.

We propose to implement this mission by conducting studies of diplomatic and corporate conflicts using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP).
Pitt Creates New IC4CR Center to Utilize AHP in Resolving International Conflicts
Authors: Zoffer Jerry
Published: May 2019

The current failure to resolve conflicts worldwide highlights the need for a different approach to conflict resolution. A proposal by University of Pittsburgh professors Luis Vargas and Jerry Zoffer to create a new International Center for Conflict Resolution (IC4CR) was funded by University of Pittsburgh Chancellor Patrick Gallagher and will be housed in the Katz Graduate School of Business. The mission of IC4CR is to provide decision makers with an in-depth understanding of the negotiating positions of all parties and recommend implementation guidelines, based on preferences and priorities, to facilitate resolution of otherwise intractable conflicts.
The care quality commission and specialist advisors in surgery
Authors: Cannell H
Published: May 2019

Who shall inspect the inspectors?
A race to the Finnish
Authors: Kerstein Ryan
Published: May 2019

Every organisation is now a ‘digital organisation’.
Book Reviews
Authors: Melkumova-Reynolds Jana , Velody Rachel , Tsui Christine , Reinach Simona Segre
Published: May 2019

Experimental Fashion: Performance Art, Carnival and the Grotesque Body, Francesca Granata (2017, first edition) London and New York: I.B. Tauris, 217 pp., ISBN 978-1-78453-379-3, p/bk, £14.99; ISBN 978-1-78453-378-6, h/bk, £63

Faith and Fashion in Turkey: Consumption, Politics and I slamic Identities, Nazlı Alimen (2018, first edition) London: I.B. Tauris, 305 pp., ISBN 978-1-78831-166-3, h/bk, £72.00

Fashion in Multiple Chinas: Chinese Styles in the Transglobal Landscape, Wessie Ling and Simona Segre Reinach (eds) (2018, first edition) London and New York: I.B. Tauris, 272 pp., ISBN 978-1-78453-864-4, h/bk, £64.00, US $94.00

Dizionario della moda: Inglese/Italiano, Italiano/Inglese, Mariella Lorusso (2017, first edition) Bologna: Zanichelli, 640 pp., ISBN 978-8-80816-489-6, p/bk 24.50
‘It’s like... it’s me’: Exploring the lived experience of clothing attachment during wear
Authors: Fleetwood-Smith Rebecka , Hefferon Kate , Mair Carolyn
Published: May 2019

Clothing and its intimate proximity to the body and self have been widely explored, and yet there is little psychological research that explores the experience of wearing items of clothing imbued with personal meanings, memories and emotions. This novel study explores the experience of actively worn items of attachment clothing from a psychological perspective. Method: due to a dearth of literature within this area, a qualitative methodology was employed. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used as the focus was to explore details of participants’ experience. A homogenous sample of five participants was used. Participants were asked to wear to the interview a garment that they felt emotionally attached to and was still in use. Semi-structured interviews were used, allowing for flexibility, thus ensuring the elicitation of rich data. Results: findings demonstrated that clothing attachment is a multifaceted and rich phenomenon. The garments were appropriated and imbued with a symbolic resonance that participants accessed through wearing the attachment garment. Conclusion: results link to and extend previous literature on possession attachment and provide nuanced findings that could impact areas within both fashion literature and psychology literature.
Triumph of the ΠΑΝΤΟΠΟΡΟΣ? The image of the self‑invented and self inventing Δεινον in antigone’s first stasimon
Authors: De Carvalho Mário Jorge
Published: May 2019

Este estudo incide sobre o primeiro estásimo da Antígona de Sófocles e procura analisar o seu significado. A questão a que tenta responder é a seguinte: que imagem do ser humano se encontra expressa nesta ode coral? Tal questão encerra várias outras: 1) Em, que sentido se diz que o homem é algo δεινόν – e mesmo até o mais δεινόν de tudo? 2) Qual a relação entre esta característica e o ser auto-inventado ou auto-inventor (o “império auto-inventado ou auto-inventor) de que falam as três primeiras estâncias deste estásimo? 3) Que significa exactamente παντοπόρος? É este conceito decisivo para se entender o ser humano? 4) É o homem efectivamente παντοπόρος? 5) Por que razão os anciãos de Tebas sustentam que, ainda que o epíteto “assente como uma luva”, παντοπόρος está longe de ser a última palavra sobre o ser humano?
Déguisement e Duperie nas máximas de La Rochefoucauld
Authors: Ferro Nuno
Published: May 2019

Neste artigo analisa‑se a Máxima de La Rochefoucauld “l’esprit est toujours la dupe du coeur”. O esclarecimento da noção de coração passa por uma análise dos mecanismos do inconsciente, pela investigação do que se entende por corpo (humores, paixões) e da sua relação com o conceito de coração. Estuda‑se a oposição entre espírito e coração, como formas de “legislação” contrárias entre si, e como se produz o seu apaziguamento.
HIRSCHSPRUNG’S DISEASE: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Budib Camyla Lemos , Fontana Jean Carlos , Gomes Hígor Guimarães , Zeron Rubens Moura Campos , Albuquerque Victor Campos de , Nogueira Paulo Luiz Batista
Published: May 2019

Abstract: The Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR) is a congenital malformation, which creates a defect in the ganglion cells migration to the distal intestine. This situation will cause a problem in the motor coordination generating a functional obstruction and retention of fecal content. The diagnosis of this disease is histological, and the treatment is the surgery.   Keywords: Hirschsprung's disease, congenital, obstruction.
Desenvolvimento de metodologia para avaliação da adesividade agregado-ligante com o uso de processamento digital de imagem
Authors: Lucas Júnior Jorge Luiz Oliveira , Soares Jorge Barbosa
Published: May 2019

A adesividade na interface agregado-ligante de misturas asfálticas é uma propriedade importante de se avaliar de modo a prevenir danos relacionados a umidade em pavimentos asfálticos. No Brasil, um dos ensaios normatizados para analisar essa propriedade é denominado Agregado graúdo: Determinação da adesividade ao ligante betuminoso (NBR 12583-2017), que proporciona um resultado qualitativo (satisfatório ou insatisfatório). A presente pesquisa visa desenvolver uma metodologia usando processamento digital de imagens a partir de imagens obtidas de smartphone que possibilite a determinação do percentual de área de agregado recoberto pelo ligante asfáltico, tornando o resultado do ensaio quantitativo. Foram analisadas 37 imagens para a calibração, além da análise de 5 imagens padrão, cujas dimensões são conhecidas, para comparação com as áreas obtidas por meio da presente metodologia. Os resultados indicaram ser possível quantificar o percentual de área do agregado recoberto pelo ligante, além da identificação dos agregados outliers. A metodologia mostrou-se promissora e executável em curto prazo, tendo em vista a rapidez de execução e a precisão dos resultados, podendo auxiliar na caracterização e seleção adequada de materiais para uso em pavimentação asfáltica.
Jeux de pouvoir dans nos poubelles. Économies morales et politiques du recyclage au tournant du XXIe siècle (N. Ortar et É. Anstett, dir., 2017)
Authors: Le Meur Mikaëla
Published: May 2019

Recensé : Nathalie Ortar, Élisabeth Anstett (dir.), Jeux de pouvoir dans nos poubelles. Économies morales et politiques du recyclage au tournant du XXIe siècle, Paris, Éditions Petra (« Matière à recycler »), 2017, 226 p.
Decolonizing Justice in Tunisia
Authors: Mullin Corinna , Trigui Nada , Shahshahani Azadeh
Published: May 2019

Building on decades of struggle, the January 2011 Tunisian uprising triggered a wave of popular revolt that spread across North Africa and West Asia. After the uprising, Tunisia became the focus of a celebrated project of transitional justice, which is now the globally mandated method of reconciling victims and perpetrators following a nonrevolutionary regime change. However, Tunisia's process of transitional justice must be critically examined. The very paradigm employed—that is, the rule of law that transitional justice consistently seeks to impose—is skewed in favor of imperial interests, which can be traced to the paradigm's origins in the mid–twentieth century victory of European powers over Nazi Germany and its allies. There are other models of justice, however, that are not rooted in this Eurocentric victor's history, but instead derive from revolutionary traditions. A key one is the People's Tribunal, used since the late 1960s. The convening of a People's Tribunal in Tunisia could help amplify and extend the popular-justice claims that surfaced during the country's recent transitional-justice process. Establishing such a tribunal might help build a symbolic reservoir and organizational force that could ultimately contribute to substantial revolutionary change in the country.
California's Migrant Farmworkers
Authors: Neuburger Bruce
Published: May 2019

"No one comes out here. No one knows what we go through," Roberto Valdez, a farmworker in the Coachella Valley town of Thermal, California, tells Gabriel Thompson, the interviewer and editor of Chasing the Harvest, a recently published book of interviews with farmworkers, growers, union activists, teachers, and others. And as one reads through the compelling stories that are told in the collection, one gets a deep sense of what Roberto means, as well as a passionate urge to have others know of the life and work of those who labor in California's fields.
STUDI PENGARUH SUSCEPTIBILITY TO GLOBAL CONSUMER CULTURE (SGCC) TERHADAP MINAT BELI SEPATU SECARA ONLINE PADA GENERASI MILLENIALS
Authors: Sari Bekti Pradina , Soesanto Harry , Raharjo Susilo Toto
Published: May 2019

Pada saat ini terdapat fenomena unik di kalangan Gen Y ketika teknologi membuat segalanya menjadi lebih mudah, yaitu terjadinya pergeseran perilaku dan pola berbelanja offline menjadi online.Fakta bahwa Pasar E-commerce ini begitu diminati, memberikan dampak yang baik bagi pelaku bisnis dan konsumen, dimana konsumen cenderung membeli barang branded melalui internet secara online di website E-commerce, Website yang akan dijadikan objek adalah Zalora. Penelitian ini mengacu pada penelitian terdahulu, menggunakan variabel social prestige, Internet technology readiness, Quality perception, dan Brand credibility, untuk mengukur pengaruhnya terhadap Susceptibility to Global Consumer Culture (SGCC) dan minat pembelian online konsumen. Objek pada penelitian ini adalah Generasi millenials dengan skala umur 18-35 tahun yang merupakan pengguna website E-commerce khususnya Zalora, yang tersebar di Jakarta, Semarang dan Surabaya. Metode analisis pada penelitian ini menggunakan Structural Equation Model (SEM). Temuan penelitian ini adalah terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan pada variabel social prestige dan internet technology readiness terhadap SGCC dan SGCC memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap minat beli konsumen.
Navigating learning worlds: Using digital tools to learn in physical and virtual spaces
Authors: Parsons David , Inkila Milla , Lynch Jonathan
Published: May 2019

This article explores the various ways that teachers and learners can navigate different learning worlds with the support of digital tools. Increasingly, teaching and learning takes place in spaces beyond the classroom, whether physical or virtual. Place, navigation and movement have all been recognised as important concepts in approaches to understanding how we learn in and across places. With our postgraduate cohort of in-service teachers from across New Zealand, we have been exploring forms of learning that engage in the exploration of other spaces, using a range of digital tools. Google Tour Builder has allowed creative global navigation in a virtual space, Google Expeditions has given teachers an opportunity to integrate virtual reality into their classrooms, and Actionbound has exposed them to the use and design of situated outdoor learning activities with geolocated augmented content. Our article is based around participant interactions on social media that express their responses and creativity using mobility in physical spaces and the navigation of virtual spaces. Based on these interactions, we reflect on the nature of pedagogy in technology-redefined activities that involve senses of both place and navigation, structuring our analysis along two continua of physical accessibility and the extent of world knowledge.
Habit and hedonic motivation are the strongest influences in mobile learning behaviours among higher education students in Malaysia
Authors: Moorthy Krishna , Tzu Yee Tsen , Chun T'ing Loh , Vija Kumaran Vikniswari
Published: May 2019

Mobile learning has become a common experience in higher education and in the professional workforce. However, the readiness of accounting students to engage in such learning appears to be weaker than in other disciplines. Therefore, this study set out to identify the factors affecting accounting students’ behavioural intention (BI) to accept mobile learning. The participants of this study were 358 accounting students of public universities in Malaysia. The study  was anchored in the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology 2 (UTAUT2) (Venkatesh, Thong & Xu, 2012), which has been employed by researchers in various research areas such as mobile payments, e-learning, mobile banking, and online shopping. The study revealed that habits have the most influence on accounting students’ intention to adopt mobile learning through an investigation of technology acceptance in the domain of mobile learning. From the perspective of universities, the study posits that consistent usage of mobile learning could be encouraged through processes to nurture students’ habits when using mobile learning system as a tool to complete tasks. Findings provide a reference for the future UTAUT2 and mobile learning related studies.
Principled Utility Discounting Under Risk
Authors: Mintz-Woo Kian
Published: May 2019

Utility discounting in intertemporal economic modelling has been viewed as problematic, both for descriptive and normative reasons. However, positive utility discount rates can be defended normatively; in particular, it is rational for future utility to be discounted to take into account model-independent outcomes when decision-making under risk. The resultant values will tend to be smaller than descriptive rates under most probability assignments. This also allows us to address some objections that intertemporal considerations will be overdemanding. A principle for utility discount rates is suggested which is rooted in probability discounting. Utility discounting is defended against objections from Parfit (1984) and Broome (2005); Broome (2012). A sample utility discount rate is estimated.
Conscientização do Manejo de Suplementação Mineral em Bovinos Leiteiros no Sertão da Paraíba
Authors: Lima Jéssica Monique Dos Santos , Fernandes Beatriz Dantas , Da Silva Bismark Alves , Rodrigues Gilderlândio Pinheiro , Da Silva Daniel Cézar
Published: May 2019

Prejuízos decorrentes de manejo nutricional inadequado, principalmente no que se refere à suplementação mineral, confere problema corriqueiro enfrentado por muitos produtores de vacas leiteiras, levando a diminuição na produção e consequentes perdas econômicas. Desta forma, objetivou-se com a iniciativa de extensão a realização de campanhas para conscientização do manejo adequado de suplementação mineral em bovinos leiteiros de produtores inseridos nos municípios de Sousa, São João do Rio do Peixe, Santa Helena e Paulista, localizados no Sertão Paraibano. O público efetor foram discentes do curso de Bacharelado em Medicina Veterinária do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Paraíba. Utilizou-se a metodologia participativa com o princípio de troca de saberes e reorganização de conceitos. Os recursos utilizados para ministração das palestras nas campanhas foram data show, banners, cartazes e vídeos. Durante visitas às propriedades foi possível verificar que o manejo não era realizado de forma adequada, identificando erros como fornecimento limitado de suplementação mineral, mistura e diluição de sal comercial com sal comum e cochos de tamanho inadequado. Porém após intervenção da equipe, os produtores conseguiram modificar essa realidade e afirmaram conseguir melhorias na produção e sanidade dos animais com adoção das práticas de manejo aprendidas durante as campanhas e dias de campo.
The Importance of Families and Communities in Understanding Ethnicity and Maintaining Ethnic Identity
Authors: Kelly Mary E.
Published: May 2019

Social science provides us with a variety of theories that attempt to explain the dynamics of race and ethnicity. Many of these theories are concerned with the basic question of ethnic difference: its origins, persistence, and decline. In the contemporary literature on immigration to the United States and on how immigrants adjust to that relocation, assimilation and the persistence of ethnic identity have often been considered polar opposites. Researchers, however, are beginning to find that both processes often occur simultaneously, as when immigrants become acculturated into American society but also maintain or even construct distinct ethnic identities, often “symbolically.” Even though a generation of immigrants may give up their ethnic identities, adopt the host language, and intermarry, their children or grandchildren may choose to renew ancestral ethnicities, and in so doing, may even contribute to the re-ethnicization of their parents as adults. Ethnicity (and ethnic identity), therefore, is both a conservative force as well as an agent of change. The articles in this special issue of Ethnic Studies Review explore the dynamics of ethnicity in the United States and contextualize the experience of various groups within families and communities.
Hmong on the Move: Understanding Secondary Migration
Authors: Bulk Jac D.
Published: May 2019

Between the time of first arrival of the Hmong refugees in 1975 and the mid-1990s, there has been much geographic movement of these new Americans. An initial pattern of Hmong residential dispersal throughout the American states has gradually transformed into a predominantly tri-state concentration (California, Wisconsin, and Minnesota). This highly distinctive resettlement pattern is the result of delicately balancing the most essential substance of Hmong tradition with pragmatic considerations such as job prospects (especially farming work), access to language and job training programs, extended family and clan obligations, changing federal policies for Refugee Cash Assistance (RCA), changing welfare eligibility regulations between the states (especially as it relates to AFDC-UP), climate and topographical considerations, and the like.
Black Cowboys In the American West: A Historiographical Review
Authors: Goldstein-Shirley David
Published: May 2019

Few subjects in the ethnic experience of the United States are as fraught with mythology and misinformation as black cowboys. Although absent from most classic history texts of the American West, black cowboys probably constituted about a quarter of the working cowboys in the nineteenth century, although q uantitative data to establish a number are lacking. This essay reviews the historiography of black cowboys published during the last half-century, noting how much of it is marred either by glossing over the presence of black cowboys or by credulously repeating estimates of their numbers established by earlier work. The essay speculates whether such problematic scholarship stems from unacknowledged prejudice among mainstream historians or from carelessness and calls for more and improved scholarly attention to the role of African American cowboys in the American West.
Anthropology and Ethnicity: From Herder to Hermeneutics
Authors: Eller Jack
Published: May 2019

For a long time, the central focus of anthropology has been on the study of the so-called traditional societies. However, with the transformation of those societies into “ethnicized” groups within state systems, anthropologists have had to rethink their concepts, theories, and methods. They have had to deal with, among others things, issues of cultural difference, cultural boundaries, and cultural movements. This article looks retrospectively at certain changes that have taken place in anthropology especially with regard to the study of ethnicity.
Afrocentric Ideologies and Gendered Resistance in Daughters of the Dust and Malcolm X: Setting, Scene, and Spectatorship
Authors: Jones David
Published: May 2019

This study of scenes from the films Daughters of the Dust and Malcolm X, describes images of myth, gender, and resistance familiar to African-American interpretive communities. Key thematic and technical elements of these films are opposed to familiar Hollywood practices, indicating the directors' effort to address resisting spectators. Both filmmakers, Julie Dash and Spike Lee respectively, chose subjects with an ideological resonance in African-American collective memory: Malcolm X, eulogized by Ossie Davis as “our living black manhood”(i) and the women of the Gullah Sea Islands, a site often celebrated for its authentically African cultural survivals. Both films combine images of an African past with an American present using a pattern of historically specific myths and tropes.
Editor's Note
Authors: Majak Jonathan
Published: May 2019

The articles in this volume share a common retrospective focus, but they can be clustered around two themes. Two articles deal with theoretical and or conceptual aspects of Ethnic Studies whereas the other three are about specific ethnic/racial groups.
Review: Urban Latino Cultures: La Vida Latina en LA by Gustavo Leclerc, Raúl Villa, and Michael J. Dear (eds.)
Authors: Ramirez Catherine S.
Published: May 2019

Throughout the twentieth century (and now the twenty-first), the specter of a Latina/o past, present, and future has haunted the myth of Los Angeles as a sunny, bucolic paradise. At the same time it has loomed behind narratives of the city as a dystopic, urban nightmare. In the 1940s Carey McWilliams pointed to the fabrication of a “Spanish fantasy heritage” that made Los Angeles the bygone home of fair señoritas, genteel caballeros and benevolent mission padres. Meanwhile, the dominant Angeleno press invented a “zoot” (read Mexican-American) crime wave. Unlike the aristocratic, European Californias/os of lore, the Mexican/American “gangsters” of the 1940s were described as racial mongrels. What's more, the newspapers explicitly identified them as the sons and daughters of immigrants-thus eliding any link they may have had to the Californias/os of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries or to the history of Los Angeles in general.
Patchwork and PR: Seminole-Constructed Public Image
Authors: Kasee Cynthia
Published: May 2019

Florida Seminoles represent a unique “response culture” among Southeastern Native Americans. An amalgamation of tribes, their history has been marked by their adaptability in the face of massive cultural change. Today the Seminoles are a major force in Florida's economy and politics. The public face they present has largely been of their own making throughout their history, and now it is more consciously so.
Distinctive Features of the African-American Family: Debunking the Myth of the Deficit Model
Authors: Briscoe David L.
Published: May 2019

Throughout the 1900's, social scientists have debated the question of whether the African American family is an adaptative social system or whether it is pathological, perpetuating its poverty over the generations. This article examines the holistic perspective as the preeminent comprehensive approach in studying the African American family and provides empirical evidence of distinctive features of the African American family in support of the adaptation argument. The adaptation/deficit debate will probably continue as long as the scientific community fails to fully acknowledge and make the most of theoretical constructs that are holistic in principle and design.