bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modern Aspects of Leishmaniasis: Basis of Development New Approaches against Infection
Authors: Pinar Zorba Yildiz Asli , Yildirim Koken Gulnaz , Yavuz Burcak , Sefik Abamor Emrah , Ayse Tosyali Ozlem , Yesilkir Baydar Serap , Ullah Ikram , Berkay Civan Ahmet , Bagirova Melahat , M. Allahverdiyev Adil
Published: November 2023

In this review, the basic principles of developing new approaches to leishmaniasis have been stated contrary to the available literature on Leishmania. In general, the morphology of parasites, life cycle, clinical forms, correspondence to epidemiology, and distribution according to species in the world were described. It has been expressed in various aspects of the interaction between host and parasite cell receptors. This plays an extremely important role in vaccine and drug development against leishmaniasis. Immunologically, natural immunocytes emphasize the importance of macrophages and dendritic cells in the Leishmania parasites’ immunopathology. This review will also discourse on the possibilities and necessity for the generation of new treatment technologies for leishmaniasis.
Impact of PEF (Pulsed Electric Fields) on Olive Oil Yield and Quality
Authors: Parniakov Oleksii , David Hopper Sam , Toepfl Stefan
Published: November 2023

Olive oil holds significant importance in the European diet and is renowned globally for its sensory attributes and health benefits. The effectiveness of producing olive oil is greatly influenced by factors like the maturity and type of olives used, as well as the milling techniques employed. Generally, mechanical methods can extract approximately 80% of the oil contained in the olives. The rest 20% of the oil remains in the olive waste generated at the end of the process. Additionally, significant amounts of bioactive compounds like polyphenols are also lost in the olive pomace. Traditionally, heat treatment, enzymes, and other chemicals are used for the enhancement of oil extraction; however, this approach may impact the quality of olive oil. Therefore, new technology, such as pulsed electric field (PEF), is of great benefit for nonthermal yield and quality improvements.
The Modification Strategies for Enhancing the Metabolic Stabilities and Pharmacokinetics of Aptamer Drug Candidates
Authors: Ma Yuan , Zhang Yihao , Chen Zefeng , Tian Yuan , Zhang Ge
Published: November 2023

Aptamers are single-stranded DNA or RNA that can mimic the functional properties of monoclonal antibodies. Aptamers have high affinity and specificity for their target molecules, which can make them a promising alternative to therapeutic antibodies or peptide ligands. However, many aptamer drug candidates in clinical development have been discontinued due to suboptimal metabolic stabilities and pharmacokinetics. To address these issues, chemical modification can be used to enhance the metabolic stability and prolong the half-life of aptamer candidates. The chapter reviewed published data regarding the metabolic stability and pharmacokinetics of aptamer drug candidates from preclinical and clinical studies. The benefits and possible shortcomings of current modification strategies used in these aptamers were briefly discussed.
Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery Using Ionic Liquid-Based Surfactants
Authors: Kharazi Mona , Saien Javad
Published: November 2023

Critical challenges have forced the oil industry to improve chemical enhanced oil recovery (CEOR) processes using more effective materials. In this regard, ionic liquid-based surfactants (IL-based surfactants) with noteworthy features such as good interfacial activity, recyclability, environmentally friendliness, and stability at high temperatures and salinity can be considered as a significant option. While IL-based surfactants have been of interest in various fields, their applications in CEOR have not been systematically reviewed. In this frame, this chapter overviews the performance of IL-based surfactants in different portions of oil production. For this purpose, a brief explanation of the characteristics of the IL-based surfactants and their applicability in CEOR is first provided. Then, the performance of the IL-based surfactants in surfactant flooding, micellar flooding, and wettability alteration are surveyed in detail. Also, the activity of IL-based surfactants in all three regions has been monitored with the effect of the chemical structure, as well as comparing the performance of different types of IL-based surfactants. Relevantly, a comparison with conventional surfactants is also included. The crucial challenges and possible directions for the use of IL-based surfactants and the conclusions are summarized in the final section.
Antimicrobial Resistance of Cattle Mastitis-Causing Bacteria: How to Treat?
Authors: Maksimović Zinka , Čengić Benjamin , Ćutuk Amel , Maksimović Alan
Published: November 2023

Cattle mastitis continues to be a global burden for the dairy industry, and its control depends on preventive measures, rapid detection and identification of involved pathogens and accurate antimicrobial treatment. The (mis)use of antimicrobials initiated a rapid evolutionary process of bacterial resistance by natural selection and led to the increased frequency and spread of bacterial antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The global AMR emergency and the prudent use of antimicrobials in cows have raised questions about alternative treatment approaches; however, the use of antimicrobials remains the principal method for mastitis therapy. This chapter summarise the current knowledge on AMR in cattle mastitis as a multifactorial global problem, the trends in AMR patterns in the most common mastitis-causing bacterial pathogens and altering factors, the policies and actions restricting the use of antimicrobials in cows and related challenges in the treatment. The reasons influencing the outcome of treating an intramammary infection, such as the selection of appropriate antimicrobial agents, optimal drug regimens, the gaps in antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) of mastitis pathogens and interpretation criteria, and the paradoxical relationship between antimicrobial in vitro activity and in vivo efficacy are discussed. The importance of effective mastitis control programmes is emphasised by an overview of (accurate) diagnosis, the evaluation of the therapy, cow health control and farm management practices.
Inositols in the Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Reproductive Age
Authors: Smiljan Severinski Neda , Marton Ulla , Radojčić Badovinac Anđelka
Published: November 2023

Polycystic ovary is part of an endocrine syndrome in which different pathophysiological mechanisms lead to a similar reproductive outcome: anovulation, irregularity of the menstrual cycle, and infertility. Hormonal and metabolic disorders are associated with reproductive adverse outcomes, which represent a vicious circle with dysfunctional ovaries. Hyperandrogenemia, disorder of carbohydrate metabolism, and sex hormone synthesis led to reproductive abnormalities. One of the most crucial questions still remains, whether the polycystic ovary is the cause or the consequence of all known disorders. Inositols are in the treatment of PCOS capable of restoring ovulation with the impact on the carbohydrate metabolism, by increasing the sensitivity of cells to insulin, which releases the sex hormones-binding protein and improves hyperandrogenemia. Nine stereoisomers of inositol are known, myo-inositol and chiro-inositol are the most studied in the reproductive age. By normalizing the level of androgens in the blood, the growth of and the balance of sex hormones is established. A variety of metabolic pathways of these molecules are recognized in different tissues, such as fat, muscle, or ovarian tissue. Still, it is not clear which isomer has better reproductive or metabolic effects, and there are controversies about their effectiveness in the treatment of reproductive disorders.
Perspective Chapter: Artificial Intelligence in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Balasundaram Arthi , Krishna Ghanta Mohan
Published: November 2023

In recent times, the words artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning have been making a lot of buzz in different domains and especially in the healthcare sector. In disease areas like multiple sclerosis (MS), these intelligent systems have great potential in aiding the detection and prediction of disease progression and disability, identification of disease subtypes, monitoring, treatment, and novel drug-target identification. The different imaging techniques used to date in multiple sclerosis, various algorithms such as convolutional neural network, Support Vector Machine, long short-term memory networks, JAYA, Random Forest, Naive Bayesian, Sustain, DeepDTnet, and DTINet used in the various domains of multiple sclerosis are explored, along with used cases. Hence it is important for healthcare professionals to have knowledge on artificial intelligence for achieving better healthcare outcomes.
Perspective Chapter: Quality Determination of Hydraulic Pumps with Adaptive Fuzzy Pattern Classifiers to Reduce the Risk for Quality Management
Authors: Nemati Amir , Öztürk Elif , F. Bocklisch Steffen , Drossel Welf-Guntram
Published: November 2023

Automated production of complex assemblies such as hydraulic pumps also requires reliable detection of defects utilizing functional tests. In principle, this is a classification task in good/bad, which, however, is often not to be made sharply but should provide gradations for detailed error analysis. From this, conclusions can be drawn, for example, about the type or location of the defects, wear, or aging of components in the production chain. A high-dimensional vector of data from static or dynamic measurements including is generally available as the basis for the fault detection model. Modeling such complex nonlinear systems under various load conditions with dynamic test procedures leads to uncertainties that should also be reflected in the diagnostic model. For this, the design of the classification model (the classifier) should be largely automatic during the training phase for time and cost reasons. In addition, online updating under actual operating conditions is also often desired. These challenging goals can be met through the artificial intelligence (AI) methodology of fuzzy pattern classification. This chapter deals with the development of a fuzzy classifier for the application case of the final inspection of hydraulic axial piston pumps. The focus is on the automatic training of the classifier employing a new adaptation procedure and permanently (until termination) evaluates the resp. current classifier using performance measures. Using real experimental data, the procedure and the step-by-step adaptation results for different links between the current classification model and the new data are presented and compared.
PENGARUH LAMA PEMASAKAN DAN TINGKAT KEMATANGAN TERHADAP MUTU BUAH NANAS (Ananas comosus (L) Merr) DALAM SIROP GULA DENGAN PENGEMASAN BOTOL KACA
Authors: Muhandika Meida , Asta Hidayat , Johan Johan
Published: November 2023

Masalah yang terjadi adalah kurangnya pemanfaatan buah nanas menjadi olahan produk pangan, sedangkan Kabupaten Sambas merupakan salah satu daerah sentra produksi nanas di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Kabupaten Sambas telah memproduksi tanaman nanas mencapai 800,1 ton/tahun atau sekitar 1,07% dari produksi nanas di Kalimantan Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh lama pemasakan sirop gula terhadap mutu nanas dalam sirop gula dan Mengetahui pengaruh tingkat kematangan buah nanas terhadap mutu nanas dalam sirop gula. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan pada Maret 2021 dilakukan di laboratorium Agroindustri Pangan Politeknik Negeri Sambas. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah eksperimen, yaitu mengetahui pengaruh pemasakan sirop gula dan tingkat kematangan buah terhadap mutu nanas dalam sirop gula. Rencana percobaan yang dilakukan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan perlakuan pada penelitian ini adalah lama pemasakan sirop gula dengan taraf tanpa pemasakan, pemasakan 10 menit dan pemasakan 15 menit. Faktor adalah tingkat kematangan buah nanas dengan taraf buah lewat matang dan buah matang. Masing-masing perlakuan dilakukan pengujian derajat keasaman (pH) dengan dilakukan 3 kali pengulangan. Parameter yang diamati, yaitu keadaan isi, pengujian derajat keasaman (pH) dan organoleptik. Hasil peneitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh nyata setiap perlakuannya pada pengujian derajat keasaman (pH) dan organoleptik.
Detección e intervención de la vulnerabilidad urbana en España
Authors: Díez Bermejo Ana , Rodríguez Suárez Iván , Álvarez del Valle Lucas , Hernández Aja Agustín
Published: November 2023

The subject of the research is the tools for detecting and/or intervening in urban vulnerability in the Spanish territory within the framework of public policies on neighbourhood regeneration and the framework of urban agendas. The aim is to characterise and analyse them in relation to a series of parameters described in the methodology. The starting hypothesis is that currently existing tools have different approaches and dynamics, establish different scopes and scales of intervention and operate with different indicators that present different dimensions of urban vulnerability (socio-demographic, socio-economic, residential, subjective, urban framework, environmental) in the detection and/or urban intervention, there is no consensus on the indicators of detection and/or intervention of vulnerability in our territories.

El tema de la investigación son las herramientas de detección y/o intervención de la vulnerabilidad urbana en el territorio español dentro del marco de las políticas públicas en materia de regeneración de barrios y del marco de las agendas urbanas. El objetivo es caracterizar y analizar las mismas en relación a una serie de parámetros que se describen en la metodología. La hipótesis de partida es que actualmente las herramientas existentes tiene diferente enfoques y dinámicas, establecen diferentes alcances y escalas de intervención y operan con diferentes indicadores que presentan diferentes dimensiones de vulnerabilidad urbana (sociodemográfica, socioeconómica, residencial, subjetiva, marco urbano, ambiental) en la detección y/o intervención urbana, no existe consenso en los indicadores de detección y/o intervención de la vulnerabilidad en nuestros territorios.
Espacio multi-escalar para la actuación inclusiva en caso de desastre
Authors: Pacheco Barzallo Andrea , Fariña Tojo José , Álvarez de Andrés Eva
Published: November 2023

The objective of the research is to assess the role of spatiality as a catalyst for the survival of elderly people with disabilities within self-produced environments. To this end, a literary review was conducted to collect all those elements and spatial qualities with interference on inclusion and survival in the event of a disaster. With the results obtained, an instrument for spatial observation was built from various scales, the micro, the architectural, urban and geographical. With this instrument, three cases of neighborhoods with characteristics of self-production and highly exposed to natural hazards in the Metropolitan District of Quito were analyzed. The results indicate that spatiality can influence the actions of people in an emergency and that the qualities of its micro and geographic scales require particular attention in terms of risk management, health and inclusion.

El objetivo de la investigación es el valorar el rol de la espacialidad en tanto que catalizadora de la supervivencia de las personas mayores con discapacidad dentro de entornos autoproducidos. Con este fin se condujo una revisión literaria para recolectar todos aquellos elementos y cualidades espaciales con injerencia sobre inclusión y la supervivencia en caso de desastre, a partir de lo cual se construyó un instrumento para la observación espacial desde varias escalas, la micro, la arquitectónica, la urbana y la geográfica. Con este instrumento se analizaron tres casos de barrios con características de autoproducción y altamente expuestos a amenazas naturales en el Distrito Metropolitano de Quito. Los resultados indican que la espacialidad puede influir en el accionar de las personas en caso de emergencia y que, de manera especial, las cualidades de sus escalas micro y geográfica, requieren gran atención en materia de gestión del riesgo, de salud y de inclusión.
El derecho de las mujeres a la ciudad: una revisión del concepto de derecho a la ciudad desde una mirada feminista
Authors: Rodríguez Ponce de León Carolina
Published: November 2023

The right to the city is a concept used by several authors to explain the territorial inequalities of our cities and propose other forms of more just and democratic urban and territorial planning. On the other hand, for some time now, another layer of analysis of inequality has begun to gain relevance in Uruguay, which brings to the surface a problem that is often invisible:the gaze with a gender and feminist perspective. Currently, these inequalities, territorial and gender, continue to exist in our cities and in some cases have deepened. In this context, this research proposes to question the concept of the right to the city from a gender and feminist perspective, reviewing referent proposals and groups, from its origins to the present, to finally arrive at project reflections that guarantee women's right to the city.

El derecho a la ciudad, es un concepto utilizado por diversos autores y autoras a la hora de explicitar las desigualdades territoriales de nuestras ciudades y de proponer otras formas de construcción de ciudad más justas y democráticas. Ahora bien, desde hace un tiempo, en Uruguay ha comenzado a cobrar relevancia otra capa de análisis de la desigualdad, que trae a superficie una problemática muchas veces invisibilizada: la mirada con perspectiva de género y feminista. Actualmente, estas desigualdades, territoriales y de género, siguen existiendo en nuestras ciudades y en algunos casos se han profundizado. En este contexto, esta investigación propone interpelar el concepto de derecho a la ciudad desde una mirada con perspectiva de género y feminista, revisando propuestas y colectivos referentes, desde sus orígenes hasta la actualidad, para finalmente arribar a reflexiones proyectuales que propicien el derecho de las mujeres a la ciudad.
Índice de saturación de destinos turísticos: herramienta de gestión para la planificación del territorio
Authors: Arizaga Ximena , Zaviezo Daniela
Published: November 2023

The Tourism Destination Saturation Index (ISDT, for its acronym in Spanish) is an instrument that allows to understand the socio-spatial consequences of touristic activity in a territory, in order to improve its territorial management. It is a tool that allows each local government to visualize those aspects in which it’s necessary to focus management and investment (health services, HSW collection, etc.) to promote its sustainability and therefore wellness, for both residents and visitors. It aims to cement public-private alliances in order to avoid saturation situations, and, incentives industry formalization. At the national level, it improves understanding of the impact of tourism on the territory, which, combined with economic indicators, guides investment and allows prioritization of economic programs for this sector. Three aspects of ISDT are addressed: 1) Conceptual definitions and calculation formula; 2) Discussion of results in different destinations; 3) Roadmapping as a management and integration tool between agents.

El Índice de Saturación de Destinos Turísticos (ISDT) es un instrumento que permite comprender las consecuencias socio-espaciales de la actividad turística en un territorio, con el objetivo de mejorar su gestión territorial. La herramienta es de interés para los municipios dado que permite visualizar aquellos aspectos en los cuales es necesario enfocar la gestión e inversión (salud, recolección de RSD, etc.) teniendo en perspectiva la sustentabilidad del destino y el bienestar de la población tanto residente como visitante. Los resultados de la aplicación del ISDT, a su vez, logran visibilizar potenciales alianzas público-privadas de interés para evitar situaciones de saturación e incentiva la formalización de la industria. A nivel nacional, el ISDT busca mejorar la comprensión del impacto del turismo en el territorio, lo que cruzado con indicadores económicos, permite orientar la inversión y priorizar programas de apoyo a este sector de la economía. Se abordan 3 aspectos del ISDT: 1) Definiciones conceptuales y fórmula de cálculo; 2) Discusión de resultados en distintos destinos; 3) Las Hojas de Ruta como instrumento de gestión e integración entre agentes.
Tendências de expansão urbana e o impacto na mobilidade: análise da cidade de Londrina-PR de 1990 a 2020
Authors: Albuquerque Sofia Andriotti , Barbosa Leonardo Cassimiro , Oliveira Fernando Fayet de
Published: November 2023

The Brazilian urbanization process, intensified after the 1930s along with the country's industrialization, was marked by socio-spatial inequalities, especially the center-periphery dichotomy. In recent decades, with the consolidation of individual transport between the middle and upper classes, the urbanization process takes on a regional scale, with arrangements dispersed in the territory, a phenomenon that has been consolidated in large metropolises, but is also already visible in medium-sized cities. The present study proposes to analyze the pattern of urban expansion and the processes of socio-spatial formation of the city of Londrina-PR, from 1990 to 2020, with a special focus on the patterns of land use and urban mobility established, and the impacts on society and the territory of these trends. As a database, aero photogrammetric surveys from 1991 and images from the Google Earth Pro software will be used to map and classify urban growth, comparing with the evolution of the vehicle fleet in the period, through the DETRAN-PR database, and the diagnoses of the Londrina Mobility Plan (2020). The analysis showed a trend of dispersed urban growth, with distinct patterns of socio-spatial occupation between the north and south sectors, which are reflected in the pattern of urban mobility, aggravating segregation

O processo de urbanização brasileira, intensificado após a década de 1930 em concomitância com a industrialização do país, foi marcado por desigualdades socioespaciais, em especial pela dicotomia centro-periferia. Nas últimas décadas, com a consolidação do transporte individual entre as classes médias e altas, o processo de urbanização toma escala regional, com arranjos dispersos no território, fenômeno este consolidado nas grandes metrópoles, mas também já visível em cidades médias. O presente estudo propõe analisar o padrão de expansão urbana e os processos de formação socioespacial da cidade de Londrina-PR, de 1990 a 2020, com especial enfoque nos padrões de uso do solo e mobilidade urbanos estabelecidos, e os impactos na sociedade e no território destas tendências. Como base de dados, utilizar-se-á levantamentos aerofotogramétrico, de 1991 e imagens do software Google Earth Pro para mapear e classificar o crescimento urbano, confrontando com a evolução da frota de veículos no período, através da base de dados do DETRAN-PR entre 1990-2020 e os diagnósticos do Plano de Mobilidade de Londrina (IPPUL, 2020). A análise demonstrou uma tendência de crescimento urbano disperso, com padrões distintos de ocupação socioespacial entre os setores norte e sul, que se refletem no padrão de mobilidade urbana, agravando a segregação.
Segregación Urbana Contemporánea: análisis de enclaves fortificados en dos distritos de Londrina-PR
Authors: Zuin Fernando , Lino Laís
Published: November 2023

Studies on contemporary urban segregation are related to condominiums, linked to security, violence, and real estate interests. Social inequality and status distinction is fertile ground when it comes to the fear industry, as it generates profit for different industries. The objective of the study was to develop the theme "Fortified enclaves: the new urban segregation, by Tereza Pires do Rio Caldeira (1997)", transposing her concepts about fortified enclaves in two neighborhoods in the city of Londrina - PR. The selected neighborhoods were Gleba Palhano and Terra Bonita, as they have different characteristics in their condominiums, with the aim of translating the phenomena of enclaves into building elements on a meso and micro-scale. The analysis consists of simplified axial maps, interpreting its layout and morphology that translate the identity of the area, as well as the study of images of the condominiums for systematic reading. The article points out that the typologies of gated communities show the distinction on the meso scale, however, they indicate several similarities between the concepts of fortified enclaves on the micro-scale. And vertical condominiums tend to mask hostility, while horizontal condominiums stand out for security systems that alter the characteristics of public interactions.
Keywords: Fortified enclosures, urban segregation, industry of fear, Londrina.

Los estudios sobre la segregación urbana contemporánea están relacionados con los condominios, vinculados a la seguridad, la violencia y los intereses inmobiliarios. La desigualdad social y la distinción de estatus es un terreno fértil cuando se trata de la industria del miedo, ya que genera ganancias para diferentes industrias. El estudio tuvo como objetivo desarrollar el tema "Enclaves fortificados: la nueva segregación urbana, de Tereza Pires do Rio Caldeira (1997)", transponiendo sus conceptos sobre enclaves fortificados en dos barrios de la ciudad de Londrina - PR. Los barrios seleccionados fueron Gleba Palhano y Terra Bonita, por tener características diferentes en sus condominios, con el objetivo de traducir los fenómenos de enclaves en elementos constructivos a escala meso y micro. El análisis consiste en mapas axiales simplificados, interpretando su trazado y morfología que traducen la identidad del área, así como el estudio de imágenes de los condominios para una lectura sistemática. El artículo señala que las tipologías de barrios cerrados muestran distinción en la escala meso, sin embargo, indican varias similitudes entre los conceptos de enclaves fortificados en la escala micro. Y los condominios verticales tienden a enmascarar la hostilidad, mientras que los condominios horizontales se destacan por sistemas de seguridad que alteran las características de las interacciones públicas.
Estratégias de sobrevivência para quando só resta a rua: ensaio cartográfico sobre a cidade de Londrina vivida pela população de rua
Authors: Achete Janaina , Veiga Léia , Suguihiro Vera
Published: November 2023

Brazilian cities reflect the unequal and excluding society historically produced. With the advance of urbanization and the lack of public social policies truly focused on income distribution and social equity, we observe an exponential increase of people living on the streets of large and medium-sized cities. This population lives in extremely miserable conditions and, as a form of survival, they create strategies to satisfy their minimum needs. Thus, intimate activities are performed in the public space and the city is reshaped to support these precarious lives. This city produced by poverty is unwanted by formality, which often makes use of instruments to hide, invisibilise and suppress it. This paper investigates and maps a representative section of this invisible city experienced by the homeless population.

As cidades brasileiras refletem a sociedade desigual e excludente historicamente produzida. Com o avanço da urbanização e a falta de políticas sociais públicas focadas verdadeiramente na distribuição de renda e equidade social, observarmos um aumento exponencial de pessoas vivendo em situação de rua nas grandes e médias cidades. Essa população vive em condições extremamente miseráveis e como forma de sobrevivência criam estratégias para suprir suas necessidades mínimas. Desta forma, as atividades de foro íntimo passam a ser realizadas no espaço público e a cidade é remodelada para dar suporte a estas vidas precarizadas. Esta cidade produzida pela pobreza é indesejada pela formalidade que frequentemente faz uso de instrumentos para escondê-la, invisibilizá-la e suprimi-la. Este trabalho buscou cartografar como é um recorte representativo dessa cidade invisível de Londrina vivida pela população em situação de rua.
Centralidades contemporâneas em São Paulo: estudo sobre a construção do eixo Berrini - Chucri Zaidan
Authors: Lima Renata Priore , Nascimento Adriana Massucatti Silva do , Nunes Amanda Bozzi
Published: November 2023

This article investigates the morphological and functional changes of Chucri Zaidan avenue and its relationship with the new axis of urban centrality of São Paulo, also composed of Berrini Avenue. The study seeks to reveal the construction logics and the process that has been transforming the area into a financial center and condenser axis of a mixture of uses, including leisure activities, services, commerce and culture that enrich the social life of the area. To study it, we will seek to identify the main urban transformations that have occurred throughout history, drawing the changes that have occurred at the ground level, the building typology, the uses and contours of public and collective spaces. The analyses will be based on official documents, drawings drawn from registration maps of the city, on data collected on site, and on the theoretical discussion about the way as a powerful element of condensation of collective spaces and their centrality and urbanity. As a result, it is verified that the axis is constructed as a linear centrality, through the implementation of mixed-use buildings, with predominance of office buildings, implanted in partially open blocks configured with paths and permeable free areas, with a wide offer of green areas. On the other hand, it lacks social mixing.

Este artigo investiga as mudanças morfológicas e funcionais da avenida Chucri Zaidan e sua relação com o novo eixo de centralidade urbana de São Paulo, composto também pela avenida Berrini. O estudo busca revelar as lógicas de construção e os processos que vem transformando a área em centro financeiro e eixo condensador de atividades de lazer, serviços, comércio e cultura que enriquecem a vida social da cidade. Para estudá-la, buscaremos identificar as principais transformações urbanas que ocorreram ao longo da história, desenhando as mudanças transcorridas na tipologia edificada, nos usos e contornos dos espaços públicos e coletivos. As análises serão embasadas por documentos oficiais, desenhos elaborados a partir de mapas cadastrais da prefeitura, dados coletados in loco, bem como na discussão teórica sobre a via como elemento estruturador dos espaços coletivos e de sua centralidade e urbanidade. Como resultado, verifica-se que este eixo se constrói como uma centralidade linear, mediante a implantação de edifícios de uso misto, com predominância de edifícios de escritórios, implantados em quadras parcialmente abertas configuradas com caminhos e áreas livres permeáveis, com ampla oferta de áreas verdes. Por outro lado, é carente de mistura social.
Enquanto morar for um privilégio, ocupar é um direito: o caso Izidora e o ativismo das mulheres negras
Authors: Detomi Ísis
Published: November 2023

What would urban research look like if we paid more attention to women – their lives, thoughts, challenges against racial practices, gender and socio-spatial segregation? The article aims to design a plot that highlights the role of black women in the disputes for place in the region of Izidora, where the occupations Rosa Leão, Esperança and Vitória are located, in the northern vector of Belo Horizonte (MG). Starting from the understanding of the complex land conflict, we seek to start with its historical context, and then analyze the encounter between the struggles around the permanence of subjects in the physical-territorial dimension. Black feminist thought is taken to elaborate a conceptual narrative that, when problematizing investigations of the production of space with neoliberal values, attributes the look to the diverse dynamics that intersect in time and space. The article was made with bibliographic research and having previously developed an extension project of technical assistance on site. The results of the analyses, pointed to the challenges of the occupations of Izidora, didn't occur without the activism of these women, who strongly resisted in their territories, although made invisible by the intersections of gender, race, class and immeasurable fabrics in the arrangements of domination.

Como seria nossa pesquisa urbana se prestássemos mais atenção às mulheres – suas vidas, pensamentos, desafios contra práticas raciais, gênero e segregação sócio-espacial? Pensando nisso, o trabalho tem como objetivo conceber uma trama que destaque o protagonismo das mulheres negras nas disputas de lugar na região da Izidora, onde localizam as ocupações Rosa Leão, Esperança e Vitória, no vetor norte de Belo Horizonte (MG). Partindo do entendimento do complexo conflito fundiário desta região, busca-se iniciar com seu contexto histórico, para depois analisar o encontro entre as lutas em derredor da permanência dos sujeitos na dimensão físico-territorial. O pensamento feminista negro é tomado, enquanto epistemologia, para elaborar uma narrativa conceitual que, ao problematizar investigaçoes da produção do espaço com valores neoliberais, atribui o olhar às diversificadas dinâmicas que se entrecruzam no tempo e espaço. Em adição, o trabalho foi construído de pesquisa bibliográfica e estudo de campo por ter, previamente, desenvolvido um projeto de extensão de assessoria técnica no local. Os resultados das análises, apontados para os desafios das ocupações da Izidora não se deram sem os ativismos dessas mulheres, que resistiram fortemente nos seus territórios, ainda que invisibilizadas pelas intersecções de gênero, raça, classe e imensuráveis tessituras nos arranjos de dominação.
Mobilidade e infraestrutura no espaço público: avaliação da caminhabilidade no entorno da Uniandrade, Curitiba-PR
Authors: Forte Alicia Armanini , Almeida Beatriz Lemos de , Nunes Fernanda Pereira Grein , Simon Gleiciane Madalena
Published: November 2023

The term “walkability”, is linked with the new society yearnings to make cities into more sustainable, for the benefit of people and providing more pleasant and inviting urban environments for pedestrians, with guaranteed safety and accessibility conditions. This research started with the recognition of the mobility conditions and infrastructure of the public space, with a main focus on the analysis of sidewalks and crossings of roads and the fulfillment of pedestrian criteria. Subsequently, a geographic area was delimited, in this case the immediate surroundings of a university. The chosen place prioritized a space of urban dynamism, from a large equipment that works as an inducer of growth, densification and traffic generator, in addition, promoting pedestrian traffic. For this territorial cut, the Walkability Index was applied, a tool developed by the Institute of Transport and Development Policies (ITDP Brazil), aiming to measure the characteristics of the urban environment and evaluate them in their relevance to favor displacements on foot.

O termo “caminhabilidade”, traduzido do inglês “walkability”, está vinculado os novos anseios de criar cidades mais sustentáveis, voltadas para o benefício das pessoas, proporcionando ambientes urbanos mais agradáveis e convidativos aos pedestres. A Uniandrade, como equipamento de grande porte torna-se polo gerador de trânsito de pessoas e veículos, podendo fomentar ainda investimentos na infraestrutura local. O objetivo desta pesquisa é investigar se as condições de caminhabilidade ao redor da Uniandrade são adequadas, utilizando como método o Índice de Caminhabilidade elaborado pelo ITDP Brasil. Este índice se tornou mais adequado por incorporar mais de uma escala de avaliação, com a finalidade de avaliar a condição das calçadas e a relação destas condições com os principais trajetos de caminhada. Diante do processo de elaboração da pesquisa, julgou-se adequado ainda uma avaliação quanto a aplicabilidade do método, clareza nas especificações, facilidade no levantamento dos dados e relevância para o recorte. Como resultado, o recorte analisado foi considerado pouco adequado a caminhabilidade e percebeu-se que esta ferramenta apresenta alta complexidade e precisão de dados, porem foram identificadas limitações ao longo da aplicação. Estas limitações podem ocorrer, também, pela existência de diferentes cenários urbanos possíveis, sendo, portanto, recomendado a percepção particular para cada recorte avaliado.
A dinâmica da expansão em cidades médias: estudo da cidade de Erechim- RS, 2009-2019
Authors: Fiorentin Chaelin Dall’Agnol , Gadens Letícia Nerone , Pereira Gislene de Fátima
Published: November 2023

In the last decade, medium-sized cities showed a higher growth rate when compared to metropolises. This growth reflects in considerable expansions of its urban limits. By the observation, the sprawl dynamics not accompanied by investments in infrastructure and normative updating, intensifying in medium-sized cities, the inequalities already observed in metropolises. To understand this dynamic, the research explores the logic that configures sprawl in medium-sized cities, from the perspective of the main aspects that structure and regulate it. To this end, the research methodology covered as an empirical cut, the city of Erechim -RS, which between 2009 and 2019, showed a significant expansion of the urban perimeter, in addition to 100 new land divisions. The analysis was segmented in four aspects: the sprawl conditions; urban legislation in this process; the impacts of land-use conversion on land prices, and the morphology of expanded areas. The results showed how the space-producing agents benefit from the urban legislation, provoking socio spatial segregation in addition to another logic of expansion that may be common to other medium-sized cities and also, to metropolises.
Keywords: urban sprawl, medium-sized cities, urban law, urban segregation.

Na última década, as cidades médias apresentaram um ritmo de crescimento maior se comparadas às metrópoles. Este crescimento, refletiu em consideráveis expansões de seus limites urbanos. Observou-se que a dinâmica de expansão não foi acompanhada de investimentos na infraestrutura e atualização normativa, intensificando nessas cidades as desigualdades já observadas em metrópoles. Buscando compreender essa dinâmica, a pesquisa explora qual a lógica que configura a expansão em cidades médias, sob a ótica dos principais aspectos que a estruturam e regulam. Para tanto, a metodologia da pesquisa abarcou como recorte empírico, a cidade de Erechim –RS, que entre 2009 e 2019 mostrou significativa expansão do perímetro urbano, além de 100 novos loteamentos. Já a análise se desdobrou em quatro aspectos: os condicionantes da expansão; a legislação urbanística nesse processo; os impactos da conversão do uso do solo no preço da terra e a morfologia das áreas expandidas. Os resultados, permitiram identificar como agentes produtores do espaço se beneficiam da legislação urbanística, provocando a segregação socio- econômica, além de outras lógicas da expansão que podem ser comuns a distintas cidades médias e também às metrópoles.
Palavras-chave: expansão urbana, cidades médias, legislação urbanística, segregação residencial.
The Walnut Tree
Authors: Shainsky Michael ,   After Dinner Conversation
Published: November 2023

If connections and experiences make us happy, why do we buy things? In this work of philosophical short story fiction, Nikolay runs a tour company in Uzbekistan. When his employee gets sick, he must take a group of American tourists to see a local walnut tree in a small village, then to Lake Urungach for photos. Their bus breaks down in the small village and they are forced to spend the day there while waiting for replacement transportation. A tough situation becomes festive when they decide to have a BBQ by the town walnut tree. Beer becomes wine as the day winds on and, eventually a traditional band comes out to play and keep them company. As it gets dark the power in the small town goes out so they decide to build a fire to continue their drinking and revelry into the night. Steve, an unhappy lawyer on yet another vacation meets Sevara, the beautiful Cambridge educated daughter of the village elder and is forced to wonder if its too late to start the type of life he wishes he’d always been living; a life full of simple joy, instead of acquisition. Finally, the replacement bus shows up and the tourists (many of which are now too drunk to walk) are sent home to their hotels.
Heroes
Authors: Muir Lissa ,   After Dinner Conversation
Published: November 2023

What human values would you deny to save your life? In this work of philosophical short story fiction, a group of families are on vacation touring Frank Lloyd Wright’s Fallingwater when they hear gunshots. While most are confused, one attuned man realizes the danger and quickly gets the children safely into the basement. The remaining group is then confronted by men with guns looking to sort out, and kill, everyone who are not Christian. They are, they say, trying to bring America back to its true values and roots. An offended black man confronts them, but they assure him, they aren’t racists, they are good Christian men. They kill a Jewish man, who makes clear while he believes Jesus was a good man, but not the son of God. The narrator’s husband is then picked next and asked to confirm his Christian faith. His wife knows he’s an atheist and tries to will him to lie. Instead, her husband confesses both his Canadian citizenship and his lack of Christian faith, and is killed. Shortly thereafter police snipers show up and show the gunmen dead. The families are safe, but the narrator must now explain to their two children in the basement, that their father is dead.
Research on the current situation and influencing factors of college students learning engagement in a blended teaching environment
Authors: Wang Yanbo , Zhu Yonghong , Liu Jingjing
Published: November 2023

Taking students from a university who participate in blended teaching of innovation and entrepreneurship as the research object, a model of the influencing factors of college students’ learning engagement in a blended teaching environment was constructed. This paper constructs a model of influencing factors of college students’ learning engagement in the blended teaching environment. The results showed that individual, teacher, and peer factors all have a certain degree of influence on learning engagement, but the degree of influence is significantly different. Teacher factors have the greatest impact, followed by individual factors, and peer factors have the smallest impact; Environmental factors have a moderating effect on the relationship between individual factors, teacher factors, peer factors, and learning engagement, but the direction of action is not consistent. The positive effect of individual factors, teacher factors, and peer factors on learning engagement increases with the increase of environmental factors, while the positive effect of teacher factors and peer factors on learning engagement weakens with the increase of environmental factors
Classifying enset based on their disease tolerance using deep learning
Authors: Admassu Engida
Published: November 2023

Even though agriculture remains the main source of Ethiopia’s population economy, not identifying enset based on their disease tolerance level is an obstacle for the production of enset.This paper’s main objective is to automatically identify the disease resistance levels of enset plants through digital image. The researcher followed the design science research method to achieve the objective listed above. Besides, the researcher has attempted to get valuable information about the type and the nature of these classes from the domain expert through interviews, document analysis, and observation from the fields. The total number of images used for experimentation purposes was 3000. The Contaharmonic filtering technique was implemented to remove noise due to its highest entropy recorded. A deep learning-based approach with training from scratch and transfer learning convolutional neural network methods were applied. Based on this, the researcher made experimentation for transfer learning by using two different pre-trained models, namely VGG-19 and VGG-16. Finally, the developed classifier model’s performance was assessed using accuracy, precision, recall, and the F1 score. According to the interpretation of the results, the proposed model’s training from scratch method achieves 92.6%. On the other way, the accuracy obtained with the transfer learning method, VGG-16 achieves 98.5%, and VGG-19 achieves 93.9%. Hence, transfer learning, specifically the VGG-16 model revealed an effective and robust performance for classifying enset based on their disease tolerance level based on the researcher’s number of images.
Ensemble classifiers with hybrid feature selection approach for diagnosis of coronary artery disease
Authors: M Sowmiya , B Banu Rekha , E Malar
Published: November 2023

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a common type of cardiovascular disease with a high mortality rate worldwide. As symptoms may not be recognized until, after the cardiac attack, early diagnosis and treatment are critical to lowering mortality. The proposed study focuses on the creation of an intelligent ensemble system for the accurate detection of CAD. This paper presents the hybrid feature selection method based on Lasso, random forest-based boruta, and recursive feature elimination methods. The significance of a feature is determined by the score each approach provides. Machine learning techniques such as random forest, support vector machine, K-nearest neighbor, logistic regression, decision tree, and Naive Bayes are developed as base classifiers. Then, ensemble techniques like bagging and boosting models are created using base classifiers. The Z-Alizadeh Sani dataset was used to build and test the model. The bagged random forest model achieved 97.6% accuracy and 100% recall. The CatBoost model achieved 97.7% accuracy and 99.0% recall. Compared to traditional classifiers, the ensemble models achieved higher accuracy and can be used to assist clinicians in diagnosing coronary artery disease
Prediction of automobile insurance fraud claims using machine learning
Authors: F Adedotun Adedayo , A Odusanya Oluwaseun , S Adesina Olumide , A Adeyiga J. , I Okagbue, Hilary , O Oyewole
Published: November 2023

Automobile insurance fraud is a significant issue for insurance firms, causing financial losses and higher premiums for policyholders. This study aims to create a predictive model for accurately identifying potential vehicle insurance fraud claims. Understanding fraud detection processes and operationalizing information communication technology is crucial for implementing corrective actions, but personally reviewing insurance claims is time-consuming and costly. This study explored machine learning algorithms to detect fraudulent vehicle insurance claims. The research evaluated AdaBoost, XGboostNB, SVM, LR, DT, ANN, and RF. AdaBoost and XGBoost classifiers outperformed other models with 84.5% classification accuracy, while LR classifiers performed poorly with balanced and unbalanced data. The ANN classifier performed better with unbalanced data. Performance evaluation metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score are utilized to assess the effectiveness of the models. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of machine learning in distinguishing between genuine and fraudulent claims, providing insurance companies with a powerful tool to proactively combat fraud and improve their overall risk management strategies. The findings of this research contribute to the insurance industry’s efforts to enhance fraud detection systems, reduce financial losses, and offer more competitive insurance premiums to honest policyholders.