bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modified double dumbbell-shaped split-ring resonator-based negative permittivity metamaterial for satellite communications with high effective medium ratio
Authors: Hossain Md Bellal , Faruque Mohammad Rashed Iqbal , Islam Sikder Sunbeam , Islam Mohammad Tariqul
Published: September 2021

Metamaterial with negative permittivity demonstrate excellent performance in cutting-edge technology. Thus, this study modified the double dumbbell-shaped split-ring resonator (MDD-SRR) based negative permittivity for satellite communications. The proposed MDD-SRR unit cell comprises a square-shaped split-ring resonator and two dumbbell-shaped rings. Some parts of the outer square ring were extended to enlarge the electrical length which altered the inductance of the metamaterial unit cell. The dimension of the proposed unit cell is 9 × 9 × 1.524 mm3, fabricated on a Rogers RT6002 (lossy) substrate material. Based on the results, five resonances for the transmission coefficient were achieved at frequencies of 2.896 GHz, 8.11 GHz, 9.76 GHz, 12.48 GHz and 13.49 GHz, including the S, X and Ku band satellite communication frequency bands through numerical simulation in a high-frequency electromagnetic simulator Computer Simulation Technology (CST) microwave studio. Negative permittivity at frequencies ranging from 2.896–3.76 GHz, 8.11–8.592 GHz, 9.76–10.784 GHz, 12.496–12.768 GHz, 13.504–14.4 GHz, were observed and extracted using the Robust and Nicolson–Ross–Weir (NRW) methods. Meanwhile, an effective medium ratio (EMR) measured at 11.51 to 2.896 GHz specified the goodness of the metamaterial unit cell for satellite communication with higher bandwidth and gain. The simulated, circuit model and measured results that were compared for validation purposes indicated that the simulation results, the equivalent circuit model results and measured results occupied each other. Moreover, the numerical simulation of the double dumbbell-shaped metamaterial unit cell was performed using a High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) to confirm the results. To evaluate the parametric study, the proposed unit cell was subjected to change different substrate types, change of split gap of rings, change of direction of electromagnetic field propagation, and structural optimization. In conclusion, the S, X and Ku-bands in the proposed metamaterial are competent for satellite communications as they are also investigated using an array of a unit cell.
Benefits from one session of deep and slow breathing on vagal tone and anxiety in young and older adults
Authors: Magnon Valentin , Dutheil Frédéric , Vallet Guillaume T.
Published: September 2021

Anxiety is recognized as a major health issue and is quite prevalent among older adults. An efficient way to manage anxiety is abdominal breathing. Breathing exercises seem to reduce anxiety and to increase parasympathetic activity assessed by HRV indexes. Yet, the effect of abdominal breathing on physiological stress (HRV) and anxiety in older adults remains poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of this study is to test the effects of deep and slow breathing (DSB, low inhale/exhale ratio) on physiological stress and anxiety in older adults (n = 22) in comparison with younger ones (n = 25). DSB increased significantly HFpower and reduced state anxiety in both younger and older adults. Interestingly, the increased in HF power was significantly higher among older adults than younger ones. As expected, the ratio inhale/exhale being not equal, RMSSD did not increase following DSB. Thus, we provide evidence suggesting that DSB is more beneficial to older adults than younger ones to restore vagal outflow. Despite future work being required, those results provide relevant clinical application leads to manage state anxiety among older adults and to promote successfull aging.
One dollar incentive improves tuberculosis treatment outcomes in programmatic settings in rural Uganda
Authors: Baluku Joseph Baruch , Nakazibwe Bridget , Twinomugisha Bright , Najjuuko Rebecca , Isabella Nyirazihawe , Nassozi Sylvia , Namiiro Sharon , Katagira Winceslaus , Byonanebye Dathan Mirembe , Sekaggya-Wiltshire Christine , Muchiri Joseph , Ndungu Elizabeth , Anguzu Godwin , Mayanja-Kizza Harriet , Andia-Biraro Irene
Published: September 2021

The study aim was to determine the association of a one United States dollar (USD) dollar incentive and tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes among people with TB receiving treatment at a rural hospital in Uganda under programmatic settings. We conducted a quasi-experiment in which people with TB were randomised (1:1 ratio) to receive either a one USD incentive at months 0, 2, 5 and 6 (Dollar arm) or routine care (Routine arm). A second control group (Retrospective controls) consisted of participants who had a treatment outcome in the preceding 6 months. Treatment outcomes were compared between the intervention and control groups using Pearson’s chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests. The association between the incentive and treatment outcomes was determined using Poisson regression analysis with robust variances. Between November 2018 and October 2019, we enrolled 180 participants (60 in the Dollar arm and 120 in the Control group). TB cure (33.3% vs. 20.8%, p = 0.068) and treatment success (70.0% vs. 59.2% p = 0.156) were higher in the Dollar arm than the Control group, while loss-to-follow-up was lower in the Dollar arm (10.0% vs. 20.8% p = 0.070). Participants in the Dollar arm were more likely to be cured (adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR): 1.59, 95% CI 1.04–2.44, p = 0.032) and less likely to be lost to follow-up (aIRR: 0.44, 95% CI 0.20–0.96, p = 0.040). A one-dollar incentive was associated with higher TB cure and lower loss-to-follow-up among people with TB in rural Uganda.
Vicarious ratings of social touch the effect of age and autistic traits
Authors: Haggarty Connor J. , Moore David J. , Trotter Paula D. , Hagan Rachel , McGlone Francis P. , Walker Susannah C.
Published: September 2021

Tactile sensitivities are common in Autism Spectrum Conditions (autism). Psychophysically, slow, gentle stroking touch is typically rated as more pleasant than faster or slower touch. Vicarious ratings of social touch results in a similar pattern of velocity dependent hedonic ratings as directly felt touch. Here we investigated whether adults and children’s vicarious ratings vary according to autism diagnosis and self-reported autistic traits. Adults’ scoring high on the AQ rated stroking touch on the palm as less pleasant than a Low AQ group. However, in contrast to our hypothesis, we did not find any effect of autism diagnosis on children’s touch ratings despite parental reports highlighting significant somatosensory sensitivities. These results are discussed in terms of underpinning sensory and cognitive factors.
Single-molecule RNA sequencing for simultaneous detection of m6A and 5mC
Authors: Ohshiro Takahito , Konno Masamitsu , Asai Ayumu , Komoto Yuki , Yamagata Akira , Doki Yuichiro , Eguchi Hidetoshi , Ofusa Ken , Taniguchi Masateru , Ishii Hideshi
Published: September 2021

Epitranscriptomics is the study of RNA base modifications involving functionally relevant changes to the transcriptome. In recent years, epitranscriptomics has been an active area of research. However, a major issue has been the development of sequencing methods to map transcriptome-wide RNA base modifications. We have proposed a single-molecule quantum sequencer for mapping RNA base modifications in microRNAs (miRNAs), such as N6-methyladenosine (m6A) or 5-methylcytidine (5mC), which are related to cancer cell propagation and suppression. Here, we investigated 5mC and m6A in hsa-miR-200c-5p extracted from colorectal cancer cells and determined their methylation sites and rates; the data were comparable to those determined by mass spectrometry. Furthermore, we evaluated the methylation ratio of cytidine and adenosine at each site in the sequences and its relationship. These results suggest that the methylation ratio of cytidine and adenosine is facilitated by the presence of vicinal methylation. Our work provides a robust new tool for sequencing various types of RNA base modifications in their RNA context.
Single-cell and bulk transcriptomics of the liver reveals potential targets of NASH with fibrosis
Authors: Wang Zhong-Yi , Keogh Adrian , Waldt Annick , Cuttat Rachel , Neri Marilisa , Zhu Shanshan , Schuierer Sven , Ruchti Alexandra , Crochemore Christophe , Knehr Judith , Bastien Julie , Ksiazek Iwona , Sánchez-Taltavull Daniel , Ge Hui , Wu Jing , Roma Guglielmo , Helliwell Stephen B. , Stroka Deborah , Nigsch Florian
Published: September 2021

Fibrosis is characterized by the excessive production of collagen and other extracellular matrix (ECM) components and represents a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Previous studies of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with fibrosis were largely restricted to bulk transcriptome profiles. Thus, our understanding of this disease is limited by an incomplete characterization of liver cell types in general and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in particular, given that activated HSCs are the major hepatic fibrogenic cell population. To help fill this gap, we profiled 17,810 non-parenchymal cells derived from six healthy human livers. In conjunction with public single-cell data of fibrotic/cirrhotic human livers, these profiles enable the identification of potential intercellular signaling axes (e.g., ITGAV–LAMC1, TNFRSF11B–VWF and NOTCH2–DLL4) and master regulators (e.g., RUNX1 and CREB3L1) responsible for the activation of HSCs during fibrogenesis. Bulk RNA-seq data of NASH patient livers and rodent models for liver fibrosis of diverse etiologies allowed us to evaluate the translatability of candidate therapeutic targets for NASH-related fibrosis. We identified 61 liver fibrosis-associated genes (e.g., AEBP1, PRRX1 and LARP6) that may serve as a repertoire of translatable drug target candidates. Consistent with the above regulon results, gene regulatory network analysis allowed the identification of CREB3L1 as a master regulator of many of the 61 genes. Together, this study highlights potential cell–cell interactions and master regulators that underlie HSC activation and reveals genes that may represent prospective hallmark signatures for liver fibrosis.
Refractive lens power and lens thickness in children (6–16 years old)
Authors: Lu Tailiang , Song Jike , Wu Qiuxin , Jiang Wenjun , Tian Qingmei , Zhang Xiuyan , Xu Jing , Wu Jianfeng , Hu Yuanyuan , Sun Wei , Bi Hongsheng
Published: September 2021

To examine the refractive lens power (RLP) and lens thickness and their associated factors in children from North-Western China. Children from two schools (primary school and junior high school) in the North-Western Chinese province of Qinghai underwent a comprehensive ophthalmic examination including biometry and cycloplegic refractometry. The RLP was calculated using Bennett’s equation. The study included 596 (77.9%) individuals (mean age: 11.0 ± 2.8 years; range: 6–16 years) with a mean axial length of 23.65 ± 1.24 mm (range: 20.02–27.96 mm). Mean lens thickness was 3.30 ± 0.16 mm (range: 2.85–3.99 mm) and mean RLP was 24.85 ± 1.98D (range: 19.40–32.97). In univariate analysis, girls as compared to boys had a significantly thicker lens and greater RLP, shorter axial length, smaller corneal curvature radius and shorter corneal curvature radius (all P < 0.001). Both sexes did not differ significantly in refractive error (P = 0.11) and corneal thickness (P = 0.16). RLP was positively associated with refractive error (correlation coefficient r = 0.33; P < 0.001) and lens thickness (r = 0.62; P < 0.001) and negatively with axial length (r =  − 0.70; P < 0.001). In univariate analysis, RLP decreased significantly with older age in the age group from age 6–13, while it plateaued thereafter, with no significant difference between boys and girls. In multivariate regression analysis, a higher RLP was associated with younger age (P < 0.001; standard regression coefficient β =  − 0.07), female sex (P < 0.001; β =  − 0.08), shorter axial length (P < 0.001; β =  − 0.48) and higher lens thickness (P < 0.001; β = 0.42). In Chinese children, RLP with a mean of 24.85 ± 1.98D decreases with older age, male sex, longer axial length, and thinner lens thickness. Changes in RLP and axial length elongation are important players in the emmetropization and myopization.
Acute and subacute macular and peripapillary angiographic changes in choroidal and retinal blood flow post-intravitreal injections
Authors: Arumuganathan Nadhini , Wiest Maximilian Robert Justus , Toro Mario Damiano , Hamann Timothy , Fasler Katrin , Zweifel Sandrine Anne
Published: September 2021

Whether post injectional acute intraocular pressure (IOP) increase is associated with decreased peripapillary and macular perfusion is still under debate. Here, we investigated early changes in the choroidal and retinal blood flow using OCTA imaging in a cohort of patients undergoing anti-VEGF intravitreal injections (IVI) for macular edema following retinal vein occlusion and diabetic retinopathy. In this prospective single-center, observational study, the pre- and post-IVI changes in retinal perfusion were examined via assessment of vessel length density (VLD) and vessel density (VD) in deep and superficial capillary segmentations (DCP and SCP), foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in SCP, as well as flow signal deficits in the choriocapillaris segmentation. Mean IOP significantly changed over the study course (p = 0.000; ANOVA). Measurements at 5 min post-IVI (33.48 ± 10.84 mmHg) differed significantly from baseline (17.26 ± 2.41 mmHg, p = 0.000), while measurements from one day, one week, and one-month post-IVI did not (p = 0.907, p = 1.000 and p = 1.000 respectively). In comparison to baseline, no changes in OCTA parameters, including FAZ, VD, VLD, and FV, were detected 5 min post-IVI. No significant alterations in OCTA parameters were observed during study course. Increased IOP spikes were detected post-IVI; however, no potential permanent ischemic retinal damage was suspected.
A Random Forest approach to identify metrics that best predict match outcome and player ranking in the esport Rocket League
Authors: Smithies Tim D. , Campbell Mark J. , Ramsbottom Niall , Toth Adam J.
Published: September 2021

Notational analysis is a popular tool for understanding what constitutes optimal performance in traditional sports. However, this approach has been seldom used in esports. The popular esport “Rocket League” is an ideal candidate for notational analysis due to the availability of an online repository containing data from millions of matches. The purpose of this study was to use Random Forest models to identify in-match metrics that predicted match outcome (performance indicators or “PIs”) and/or in-game player rank (rank indicators or “RIs”). We evaluated match data from 21,588 Rocket League matches involving players from four different ranks. Upon identifying goal difference (GD) as a suitable outcome measure for Rocket League match performance, Random Forest models were used alongside accompanying variable importance methods to identify metrics that were PIs or RIs. We found shots taken, shots conceded, saves made, and time spent goalside of the ball to be the most important PIs, and time spent at supersonic speed, time spent on the ground, shots conceded and time spent goalside of the ball to be the most important RIs. This work is the first to use Random Forest learning algorithms to highlight the most critical PIs and RIs in a prominent esport.
Towards optimization of plant cell detection in suspensions using impedance-based analyses and the unified equivalent circuit model
Authors: Kadan-Jamal Kian , Jog Aakash , Sophocleous Marios , Georgiou Julius , Avni Adi , Shacham-Diamand Yosi
Published: September 2021

An improved approach for comparative study of plant cells for long term and continuous monitoring using electrical impedance spectroscopy is demonstrated for tomato and tobacco plant cells (MSK8 and BY2) in suspensions. This approach is based on the locations and magnitudes of defining features in the impedance spectra of the recently reported unified equivalent circuit model. The ultra-wide range (4 Hz to 20 GHz) impedance spectra of the cell lines were measured using custom probes, and were analyzed using the unified equivalent circuit model, highlighting significant negative phase peaks in the ~ 1 kHz to ~ 10 MHz range. These peaks differ between the tomato and tobacco cells, and since they can be easily defined, they can potentially be used as the signal for differentiating between different cell cultures or monitoring them over time. These findings were further analysed, showing that ratios relating the resistances of the media and the resistance of the cells define the sensitivity of the method, thus affecting its selectivity. It was further shown that cell agglomeration is also an important factor in the impedance modeling in addition to the overall cell concentration. These results can be used for optimizing and calibrating electrical impedance spectroscopy-based sensors for long term monitoring of cell lines in suspension for a given specific cell and media types.
Transcriptomic profiling of the high-vigour maize (Zea mays L.) hybrid variety response to cold and drought stresses during seed germination
Authors: Li Heqin , Yue Haiwang , Xie Junliang , Bu Junzhou , Li Li , Xin Xueying , Zhao Yanming , Zhang Haiyan , Yang Li , Wang Jianhua , Jiang Xuwen
Published: September 2021

Abiotic stresses, including cold and drought, negatively affect maize (Zea mays L.) seed field emergence and later yield and quality. In order to reveal the molecular mechanism of maize seed resistance to abiotic stress at seed germination, the global transcriptome of high- vigour variety Zhongdi175 exposed to cold- and drought- stress was analyzed by RNA-seq. In the comparison between the control and different stressed sample, 12,299 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected, of which 9605 and 7837 DEGs were identified under cold- and drought- stress, respectively. Functional annotation analysis suggested that stress response mediated by the pathways involving ribosome, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, among others. Of the obtained DEGs (12,299), 5,143 genes are common to cold- and drought- stress, at least 2248 TFs in 56 TF families were identified that are involved in cold and/or drought treatments during seed germination, including bHLH, NAC, MYB and WRKY families, which suggested that common mechanisms may be originated during maize seed germination in response to different abiotic stresses. This study will provide a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of response to abiotic stress during maize seed germination, and could be useful for cultivar improvement and breeding of high vigour maize cultivars.
Effects of artificial cycles with and without gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist pretreatment on frozen embryo transfer outcomes in patients with adenomyosis
Authors: Li Muzi , Xu Lihong , Zhao Heng , Du Yanbo , Yan Lei
Published: September 2021

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) is generally added to the improve pregnancy outcomes of hormone replacement therapy cycles among patients with adenomyosis. We aimed to investigate whether adding GnRH-a can result in better pregnancy outcomes. This retrospective analysis included 341 patients with adenomyosis who underwent frozen embryo transfer (FET) after in vitro fertilization (IVF). The control group was treated only with hormone replacement therapy cycles to prepare the endometrium, and GnRH-a was added to the study group before hormone administration to adjust the menstruation cycle. Based on the similar baseline values and embryological data, there was no significant difference in the clinical pregnancy rates (40.63% vs. 42.54%, P = 0.72) and live birth rates (23.75% vs. 23.75%, P = 0.74) of the control and study groups. Other secondary outcomes, including the rates of clinical miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, preterm birth and term birth, were not significantly different between the two groups. Compared with the hormone replacement therapy cycle alone, GnRH-a downregulation based on a hormone replacement therapy cycle may not increase the rate of clinical pregnancy or live birth of IVF-ET with FET among infertile patients with adenomyosis.
Effects of common rice field weeds on the survival, feeding rate and feeding behaviour of the crayfish Procambarus clarkii
Authors: Yuan Quan , Tian Zhihui , Lv Weiwei , Huang Weiwei , Sun Xiaolin , Lv Weiguang , Bi Yonghong , Shen Guohui , Zhou Wenzong
Published: September 2021

To check if it is possible for crayfish to reduce the weed biomass in a paddy field, we hypothesised that crayfish can feed on common weeds in a paddy field. The feeding ability of red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, males and females for 4 weeds, Ludwigia prostrata Roxb., Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees, Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv and Eclipta prostrata L., commonly found in rice–crayfish fields were evaluated using a quantitative feeding experiment and behaviour observation experiment. The results of the quantitative feeding and behaviour experiments were highly consistent. The P. clarkii gender and weed species had no interactive effects on survival rate, the daily feed intake (FI) and percentage of daily feed intake (PFI). The results of the quantitative feeding experiment showed that the FI and PFI values of both P. clarkii females and males were significantly higher in the P. clarkii feed group than in the weed treatment group. Both FI and PFI were significantly higher in the L. chinensis group than in the other treatment groups. The survival rate of P. clarkii was significantly lower in the E. crusgalli group than in the other treatment groups. The behaviour observation experiment showed that the feeding frequency and duration were in the order of L. chinensis > E. prostrata > L. prostrata > E. crusgalli. The results indicate that the P. clarkii specimens liked to eat L. chinensis (mean PFI was more than 2%), hardly fed on E. crusgalli.
The safety and efficacy of high-speed train transport for critical children: a retrospective propensity score matching cohort study
Authors: Zhao Zhe , Liu Yingyue , Yang Baowang , Zhang Huiling , Liu Xiaohong , Zhu Yanjuan , Hong Xiaoyang , Feng Zhichun
Published: September 2021

It is widely acknowledged that efficiency of pediatric critical care transport plays a vital role in treatment of critically-ill children. In developing countries, most critically-ill children were transported by ambulance, and a few by air, such as a helicopter or fixed airplane. High-speed train (HST) transport may be a potential choice for critically-ill children to a tertiary medical center for further therapy. This is a single-center, retrospective cohort study from June 01, 2016 to June 30, 2019. All the patients transported to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of PLA general hospital were divided into two groups, HST group and ambulance group. The propensity score matching method was performed for the comparison between the two groups. Finally, a 2:1 patient matching was performed using the nearest-neighbor matching method without replacement. The primary outcome was hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included duration of transport, transport cost, hospital stay, and hospitalization cost. A total of 509 critically-ill children were transported and admitted. Of them, 40 patients were transported by HST, and 469 by ambulance. The hospital mortality showed no difference between the two groups (p > 0.05). The transport distance in the HST group was longer than that in the ambulance group (1894.5 ± 907.09 vs.902.66 ± 735.74,p < 0.001). However, compared to the HST group, the duration of transport time by ambulance was significantly longer (p < 0.001). No difference in vital signs, blood gas analysis, and critical illness score between groups at admission was noted (p > 0.05). There was no death during the transport. There was no difference between groups regarding the transport cost, hospital stays, and hospitalization cost (p > 0.05). High-quality tertiary medical centers are usually located in megacities. HST transport network for critically-ill children could be established to cover most regions of the country. Without increasing financial burden, HST medical transport can be a potentially promising option to improve the outcomes of critically-ill children in developing countries with developed HST network.

Clinical Trial Registration: This study was registered athttp://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx(chiCTR.gov; Identifier: ChiCTR2000032306).
Molecular principles of recruitment and dynamics of guest proteins in liquid droplets
Authors: Kamagata Kiyoto , Iwaki Nanako , Hazra Milan Kumar , Kanbayashi Saori , Banerjee Trishit , Chiba Rika , Sakomoto Seiji , Gaudon Virginie , Castaing Bertrand , Takahashi Hiroto , Kimura Michiko , Oikawa Hiroyuki , Takahashi Satoshi , Levy Yaakov
Published: September 2021

Despite the continuous discovery of host and guest proteins in membraneless organelles, complex host–guest interactions hinder the understanding of the molecular grammar governing liquid–liquid phase separation. In this study, we characterized the localization and dynamic properties of guest proteins in liquid droplets using single-molecule fluorescence microscopy. Eighteen guest proteins of different sizes, structures, and oligomeric states were examined in host p53 liquid droplets. Recruitment did not significantly depend on the structural properties of the guest proteins, but was moderately correlated with their length, total charge, and number of R and Y residues. In contrast, the diffusion of disordered guest proteins was comparable to that of host p53, whereas that of folded proteins varied widely. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that folded proteins diffuse within the voids of the liquid droplet while interacting weakly with neighboring host proteins, whereas disordered proteins adapt their structures to form tight interactions with the host proteins. Our study provides insights into the key molecular principles of the localization and dynamics of guest proteins in liquid droplets.
Critical behavior of density-driven and shear-driven reversible–irreversible transitions in cyclically sheared vortices
Authors: Maegochi S. , Ienaga K. , Okuma S.
Published: September 2021

Random assemblies of particles subjected to cyclic shear undergo a reversible–irreversible transition (RIT) with increasing a shear amplitude d or particle density n, while the latter type of RIT has not been verified experimentally. Here, we measure the time-dependent velocity of cyclically sheared vortices and observe the critical behavior of RIT driven by vortex density B as well as d. At the critical point of each RIT, $$B_{\mathrm {c}}$$

B
c

and $$d_{\mathrm {c}}$$

d
c

, the relaxation time $$\tau $$
τ
to reach the steady state shows a power-law divergence. The critical exponent for B-driven RIT is in agreement with that for d-driven RIT and both types of RIT fall into the same universality class as the absorbing transition in the two-dimensional directed-percolation universality class. As d is decreased to the average intervortex spacing in the reversible regime, $$\tau (d)$$

τ
(
d
)

shows a significant drop, indicating a transition or crossover from a loop-reversible state with vortex-vortex collisions to a collisionless point-reversible state. In either regime, $$\tau (d)$$

τ
(
d
)

exhibits a power-law divergence at the same $$d_{\mathrm {c}}$$

d
c

with nearly the same exponent.
Nomograms for predicting the overall survival of patients with cerebellar glioma: an analysis of the surveillance epidemiology and end results (SEER) database
Authors: Li Jie , Huang Wobin , Chen Jiajing , Li Zhuhui , Liu Bocong , Wang Peng , Zhang Jun
Published: September 2021

At present, our understanding of cerebellar glioma is still insufficient. This study collected information on patients in the SEER database to identify the predictive factors for patients with cerebellar glioma. Data from patients with cerebellar glioma diagnosed from 1975 to 2018 were retrieved from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results Database. We randomly divided the patients into a training group and a validation group, established a nomogram based on the training group, and used the validation group data to verify the clinical value of the model. A total of 508 patients were included in this study. Multivariate analysis was performed based on the data before randomization, and the results showed that the patient's age, WHO grade, histological type, and extent were significantly correlated with the survival rate. The C-index of the OS nomograms of the training cohort was 0.909 (95% CI, (0.880–0.938)) and 0.932 (95% CI, (0.889–0.975)) in the validation group. The calibration curve of OS for 3 and 5 years showed that there was good consistency between the actual survival probability and the predicted survival probability. For patients with cerebellar glioma, the age at diagnosis, WHO grade of the glioma, histological type, and extension are the four factors that most strongly affect the overall survival outcomes. Furthermore, our model may be a useful tool for predicting OS in these patients.
Improved mechanical strength, proton conductivity and power density in an ‘all-protonic’ ceramic fuel cell at intermediate temperature
Authors: Azad Abul K. , Abdalla Abdalla M. , Afif Ahmed , Azad Atia , Afroze Shammya , Idris Azam Che , Park Jun-Young , Saqib Mohammad , Radenahmad Nikdalila , Hossain Shahzad , Elius Iftakhar Bin , Al-Mamun Md. , Zaini Juliana , Al-Hinai Amer , Reza Md. Sumon , Irvine John T. S.
Published: September 2021

Protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs) have become the most efficient, clean and cost-effective electrochemical energy conversion devices in recent years. While significant progress has been made in developing proton conducting electrolyte materials, mechanical strength and durability still need to be improved for efficient applications. We report that adding 5 mol% Zn to the Y-doped barium cerate-zirconate perovskite electrolyte material can significantly improve the sintering properties, mechanical strength, durability and performance. Using same proton conducting material in anodes, electrolytes and cathodes to make a strong structural backbone shows clear advantages in mechanical strength over other arrangements with different materials. Rietveld analysis of the X-ray and neutron diffraction data of BaCe0.7Zr0.1Y0.15Zn0.05O3−δ (BCZYZn05) revealed a pure orthorhombic structure belonging to the Pbnm space group. Structural and electrochemical analyses indicate highly dense and high proton conductivity at intermediate temperature (400–700 °C). The anode-supported single cell, NiO-BCZYZn05|BCZYZn05|BSCF-BCZYZn05, demonstrates a peak power density of 872 mW cm−2 at 700 °C which is one of the highest power density in an all-protonic solid oxide fuel cell. This observation represents an important step towards commercially viable SOFC technology.
A glutathione disulfide-sensitive Janus nanomachine controlled by an enzymatic AND logic gate for smart delivery
Authors: Mayol Beatriz , Díez Paula , Sánchez Alfredo , de la Torre Cristina , Villalonga Anabel , Lucena-Sánchez Elena , Sancenón Félix , Martínez-Ruiz Paloma , Vilela Diana , Martínez-Máñez Ramón , Villalonga Reynaldo
Published: September 2021

A new enzyme-controlled Janus nanomachine operated through an AND Boolean logic gate was assembled on Janus Au-mesoporous silica nanoparticles capped with thiol-sensitive molecular gates and functionalized with glutathione reductase.
Microplastic extraction from sediments established? – A critical evaluation from a trace recovery experiment with a custom-made density separator
Authors: Halbach Maurits , Baensch Christin , Dirksen Sonka , Scholz-Böttcher Barbara M.
Published: September 2021

Extraction of trace-spiked sediments resulted in higher recoveries of high- vs. low-density microplastics. This counterintuitive behavior requires a refocus from density effects of separation fluids, towards polarity/surface driven factors.
Microfluidic devices based on textile threads for analytical applications: state of the art and prospects
Authors: Agustini Deonir , Caetano Fábio Roberto , Quero Reverson Fernandes , Fracassi da Silva José Alberto , Bergamini Márcio Fernando , Marcolino-Junior Luiz Humberto , de Jesus Dosil Pereira
Published: September 2021

Critical review on the fundamentals, applications, challenges, and prospects of thread-based microfluidic analytical devices.
A silicon-rhodamine chemical-genetic hybrid for far red voltage imaging from defined neurons in brain slice
Authors: Ortiz Gloria , Liu Pei , Deal Parker E. , Nensel Ashley K. , Martinez Kayli N. , Shamardani Kiarash , Adesnik Hillel , Miller Evan W.
Published: September 2021

Small-molecule enzyme hybrids pair a far-red voltage-sensitive fluorophore with a cell-surface expressed HaloTag enzyme via a flexible linker to enable voltage imaging from genetically defined neurons in culture and brain slice.
Circular dichroism spectroscopy of catalyst preequilibrium in asymmetric autocatalysis of pyrimidyl alkanol
Authors: Matsumoto Arimasa , Tanaka Ayame , Kaimori Yoshiyasu , Hara Natsuki , Mikata Yuji , Soai Kenso
Published: September 2021

Circular dichroism spectroscopic analysis of the asymmetric autocatalytic reaction of pyrimidyl alkanol reveals the dimeric and tetrameric equilibria of the alkoxide catalyst in the solution state.
Retraction: Fabrication of black TiO2−x/CuFe2O4 decorated on diatomaceous earth with enhanced sonocatalytic activity for ibuprofen mitigation
Authors: Wu Qiong , Zhang Zhaohong
Published: September 2021

Retraction of ‘Fabrication of black TiO2−x/CuFe2O4 decorated on diatomaceous earth with enhanced sonocatalytic activity for ibuprofen mitigation’ by Qiong Wu et al., Catal. Sci. Technol., 2020, 10, 7922–7939, DOI: 10.1039/D0CY01478H
Encapsulating NH4Br in a metal organic framework: achieving remarkable proton conduction in a wide relative humidity range
Authors: Du Yihan , Zhang Kun , Liu Ziya , Liu Shaoxian , Huang Guoji , Huang Yang , Qin Qianqian , Luo Jiaxin , Xu Bingqing , Zhang Gen
Published: September 2021

Proton-conducting materials are key components for constructing high-energy-density electronic devices.
Phosphine-catalysed reductive coupling of dihalophosphanes
Authors: Siewert Jan-Erik , Schumann André , Hering-Junghans Christian
Published: September 2021

PEt3 catalyses the reductive coupling of dibromophosphanes to selectively give dibromodiphosphanes or diphosphenes.
Identifying sources of groundwater salinity and major hydrogeochemical processes in the Lower Kabul Basin aquifer, Afghanistan
Authors: Zaryab Abdulhalim , Nassery Hamid Reza , Alijani Farshad
Published: September 2021

The origin of groundwater salinity and major hydrogeochemical processes in the LKB aquifer were investigated using hydrogeochemical and HCA methods. The results indicate that evaporitic lacustrine deposits are the major source of salinity in the aquifer.
Correction: Nano-based soil conditioners eradicate micronutrient deficiency: soil physicochemical properties and plant molecular responses
Authors: Das Pallabi , Gogoi Nayanmoni , Sarkar Shuvasree , Patil Supriya A. , Hussain Nazneen , Barman Soma , Pratihar Sanjay , Bhattacharya Satya Sundar
Published: September 2021

Correction for ‘Nano-based soil conditioners eradicate micronutrient deficiency: soil physicochemical properties and plant molecular responses’ by Pallabi Das et al., Environ. Sci.: Nano, 2021, DOI: 10.1039/d1en00551k.
Safflower yellow reduces DEN-induced hepatocellular carcinoma by enhancing liver immune infiltration through promotion of collagen degradation and modulation of gut microbiota
Authors: Fu Huiying , Liu Xia , Jin Lu , Lang Jiali , Hu Zhiming , Mao Wen , Cheng Changpei , Shou Qiyang
Published: September 2021

SY exhibited a potent effect on the development of HCC by enhancing liver immune infiltration by promoting collagen degradation and modulating gut microbiota.
Transition metal coordination frameworks as artificial nanozymes for dopamine detection via peroxidase-like activity
Authors: Marieeswaran Muppidathi , Panneerselvam Perumal
Published: September 2021

Herein, Cu–HMT and Ni–HMT were synthesized via a green synthetic method. Cu–HMT possesses formidable peroxidase-mimic activity compared to Ni–HMT. However, the peroxidase-like activity of Cu–HMT was strongly inhibited in the presence of DA.
Two-dimensional ferroelectric metal for electrocatalysis
Authors: Ke Changming , Huang Jiawei , Liu Shi
Published: September 2021

Two dimensional ferroelectrics with out-of-plane polarization can be engineered via layer stacking to a genuine ferroelectric metal. These 2D ferroelectrics can serve as electrically-tunable, high-quality switchable electrocatalysts.
X-ray characterization, Hirshfeld surface analysis, DFT calculations,in vitroandin silicolipoxygenase inhibition (LOX) studies of dichlorophenyl substituted 3-hydroxy-chromenones
Authors: Ahmed Muhammad Naeem , Ghias Mehreen , Shah Syed Wadood Ali , Shoaib Mohammad , Tahir Muhammad Nawaz , Ashfaq Muhammad , Ibrahim Mahmoud A. A. , Andleeb Hina , Gil Diego M. , Frontera Antonio
Published: September 2021

This work reports the synthesis, X-ray characterization and theoretical study of dichlorophenyl substituted 3-hydroxy-chromenones focusing on the low prevalence of halogen bonds andin vitroandin silicolipoxygenase inhibition (LOX) studies.
In situ encapsulation engineering boosts the electrochemical performance of highly graphitized N-doped porous carbon-based copper–cobalt selenides for bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysis
Authors: Zhang Hang , Wang Xuemin , Li Zhengzheng , Zhang Cui , Liu Shuangxi
Published: September 2021

Copper–cobalt selenides embedded in highly-graphitized N-doped porous carbon by an in situ encapsulation strategy as an efficient bifunctional oxygen electrode for Zn–air batteries.
Discovery of β-N-acetylglucosaminidases from screening metagenomic libraries and their use as thioglycoligase mutants
Authors: Tegl Gregor , Rahfeld Peter , Ostmann Katharina , Hanson John , Withers Stephen G.
Published: September 2021

Screening of a human gut metagenomic library yielded a set of novel beta-N-acetyl-glucosaminidases. Mutation of active site residues yielded a thioglycoligase that efficiently S-GlcNAcylates protein targets as well as various thiosugar acceptors.
Red-shifted tetra-ortho-halo-azobenzenes for photo-regulated transmembrane anion transport
Authors: Kerckhoffs Aidan , Bo Zonghua , Penty Samuel E. , Duarte Fernanda , Langton Matthew J.
Published: September 2021

Squaramide functionalised red-shifted azobenzenes for cooperative anion binding and enhanced photo-regulated transmembrane transport are reported.
Direct conversion of sulfinamides to thiosulfonates without the use of additional redox agents under metal-free conditions
Authors: Ji Yuan-Zhao , Zhang Chi , Wang Jun-Hu , Li Hui-Jing , Wu Yan-Chao
Published: September 2021

Direct conversion of sulfinamides to thiosulfonates is achieved under metal-free conditions without the use of additional redox agents.
Stereoselective [4 + 3] annulation of azadienes and ethyl 4-bromo-3-oxobutanoate: construction of benzindeno-fused azepine derivatives
Authors: Shen Jinhui , Yu Aimin , Meng Xiangtai
Published: September 2021

We reported a NaH-promoted cycloaddition between azadienes and ethyl 4-bromo-3-oxobutanoate, which delivered a series of benzindenoazepines with good yields and stereoselectivities. Such benzindenoazepine derivatives were not easily obtained by using a traditional approach.
Catalyst-free room-temperature self-healing polymer networks based on dynamic covalent quinone methide-secondary amine chemistry
Authors: Zhang Yuanxing , Wu Ying , Li Jiayi , Zhang Ke
Published: September 2021

A novel type of dynamic covalent polymer network with a catalyst-free room-temperature self-healing ability was developed on a new dynamic covalent chemistry of aza-Michael addition between para-quinone methide and secondary amine.
Chiral amines as initiators for ROP and their chiral induction on poly(2-aminoisobutyric acid) chains
Authors: Rohmer Matthias , Ucak Özgün , Fredrick Rahul , Binder Wolfgang H.
Published: September 2021

Chirality induction by chiral amines in poly(amino acid)s by ring opening polymerization.
One-pot synthesis and aqueous solution properties of pH-responsive schizophrenic diblock copolymer nanoparticles prepared via RAFT aqueous dispersion polymerization
Authors: North S. M. , Armes S. P.
Published: September 2021

Well-defined doubly pH-responsive schizophrenic diblock copolymer nanoparticles with tunable isoelectric points are prepared via RAFT aqueous dispersion polymerization using an efficient one-pot protocol.
Defects tailoring IrO2@TiN1+x nano-heterojunctions for superior water oxidation activity and stability
Authors: Wang Sen , Lv Hong , Bi Songhu , Li Tianqi , Sun Yongwen , Ji Wenxuan , Feng Cong , Zhang Cunman
Published: September 2021

An effective strategy of tailoring IrO2@TiN1+x nano-heterojunction by defects is reported, aiming at enhancing intrinsic OER activity of IrO2.
Figure-eight arylene ethynylene macrocycles: facile synthesis and specific binding behavior toward Hg2+
Authors: Nie Hui , Li Qian-Hui , Zhang Siqi , Wang Chuan-Ming , Lin Wen-Hui , Deng Ke , Shu Li-Jin , Zeng Qing-Dao , Wan Jun-Hua
Published: September 2021

Two figure-eight arylene ethynylene macrocycles (AEMs) were synthesized from non-helical precursors and the figure-eight shape was clearly imaged by STM.
Transformation of Pueraria candollei var. mirifica phytoestrogens using immobilized and free β-glucosidase, a technique for enhancing estrogenic activity
Authors: Makkliang Fonthip , Juengsanguanpornsuk Wipawee , Phaisan Suppalak , Sakdamas Attapon , Putalun Waraporn , Sakamoto Seiichi , Yusakul Gorawit
Published: September 2021

Transformation of Pueraria candollei var. mirifica phytoestrogens by β-glucosidase increases estrogenic activity.
Coordination-based vapochromic behavior of a luminescent Pt(ii) complex with potassium ions
Authors: Shigeta Yasuhiro , Nanko Ryota , Amemori Shogo , Mizuno Motohiro
Published: September 2021

A luminescent Pt(ii) complex with potassium ions was successfully synthesized and its coordination-based vapochromic behavior was investigated.
Unexpected inverse correlations and cooperativity in ion-pair phase transfer
Authors: Kumar Nitesh , Clark Aurora E.
Published: September 2021

A forefront of research in separations science (specifically liquid–liquid extraction) is the study of transport mechanisms for solute partitioning, and the relationships that these have to solution structure at the phase boundary.
Reply to the ‘Comment on “Uncommon structural and bonding properties in Ag16B4O10” by A. Lobato, Miguel Á. Salvadó, and J. Manuel Recio, Chem. Sci., 2021, 12, DOI: 10.1039/D1SC02152D
Authors: Yin Congling , Wedig Ulrich , Jansen Martin
Published: September 2021

Where are the excess electrons in Ag16B4O10?
Dirhodium(ii)-catalysed cycloisomerization of azaenyne: rapid assembly of centrally and axially chiral isoindazole frameworks
Authors: Qiu Shaotong , Gao Xiang , Zhu Shifa
Published: September 2021

Rh(ii)-catalyzed asymmetric cycloisomerization of azaenyne through a cap-tether synergistic modulation strategy was described. Diverse centrally and axially chiral isoindazoles were prepared and directed C–H late-stage modifications were developed.
The effect of morphology and particle–wall interaction on colloidal near-wall dynamics
Authors: Rivera-Morán J. Alejandro , Liu Yi , Monter Samuel , Hsu Chiao-Peng , Ruckdeschel Pia , Retsch Markus , Lisicki Maciej , Lang Peter R.
Published: September 2021

The impact of particle morphology and interaction on near wall dynamics was investigated with evanescent dynamic light scattering. Particle wall interactions overcompensate hydrodynamic effects.
Improving the power factor and figure of merit of p-type CuSbSe2via introducing Sb vacancies
Authors: Chen Tao , Ming Hongwei , Qin Xiaoying , Zhu Chen , Huang Lulu , Hou Yunxiang , Li Di , Zhang Jian , Xin Hongxing
Published: September 2021

A large ZT of 0.50 is achieved for CuSb0.91Se2 due to 44% enhancement of power factor and 22% reduction of lattice thermal conductivity, which is realized through introducing Sb vacancies.
A novel electroplex host with dual triplet exciton up-converting channels suppressing triplet exciton induced degradation mechanisms in blue organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Yun Ju Hui , Kim Jae-Min , Chung Won Jae , Lim Junseop , Lee Jun Yeob , Lee Yoonkyoo , Choo Changwoong
Published: September 2021

A novel n-type host material with thermally activated delayed fluorescence nature (SiTCNCz) was developed. Electroplex-based PhOLEDs adopting mixed SiTCNCz revealed an extended device lifetime by more than twice compared to the reference device.
Splenectomy increases blood pressure and abolishes sex differences in renal T-regulatory cells in spontaneously hypertensive rats
Authors: Gillis Ellen E. , Belanger Kasey , Abdelbary Mahmoud , Mohamed Riyaz , Sun Jingping , Brands Michael W. , Sullivan Jennifer C.
Published: September 2021

Over the past decade there has been increasing support for a role of the immune system in the development of hypertension. Our lab has previously reported that female spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) have a blood pressure (BP)-dependent increase in anti-inflammatory renal regulatory T cells (Tregs), corresponding to lower BP compared with males. However, little is known regarding the mechanism for greater renal Tregs in females. The current study was designed to test the hypothesis that the greater relative abundance of renal Tregs in female SHR is due to greater Treg production. To test this hypothesis, T cell profiles were measured in the spleen by flow cytometry in male and female SHR at 5 and 14 weeks of age. Splenic Tregs did not differ between males and females, suggesting sex differences in renal Tregs is not due to differences in production. To assess the role of the spleen in sex differences in renal Tregs and BP control, rats were randomized to receive sham surgery (CON) or splenectomy (SPLNX) at 12 weeks of age and implanted with telemeters to measure BP. After 2 weeks, kidneys were harvested for flow cytometric analysis of T cells. Splenectomy increased BP in both sexes after 2 weeks. Renal Tregs decreased in both sexes after splenectomy, abolishing the sex differences in renal Tregs. In conclusion, splenic Tregs were comparable in male and female SHRs, suggesting that sex differences in renal Tregs is due to differences in renal Treg recruitment, not Treg production.
Combination of Comorbidities as a Reference Standard for Evaluating Auditory Processing Disorder: Response to the Letter to the Editor From Schow et al. (2021)
Authors: Ahmmed Ansar U.
Published: September 2021

Purpose:

Concerns expressed by Schow et al. (2021) around the evidence-based diagnostic criteria suggested by Ahmmed (2021a) are addressed here. The use of combination of comorbidities as a reference standard for evaluating auditory processing tests is a valid strategy, consistent with the Research Domain Criteria framework from the National Institute of Mental Health as well as the Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies. The correlations between auditory processing tests and some comorbidities in Ahmmed (2021a) were significant atp< .01. The low sensitivity and specificity reported was not related to the principle of using comorbidities as a reference standard but due to the choice of comorbidities combined in the reference standard. Ahmmed (2021a) suggested the option of inclusion of other comorbidities in addition to language impairment and impaired manual dexterity in the reference standard. Visual processing impairment could be considered as the additional comorbidity to improve sensitivity and specificity of the approach suggested by Ahmmed (2021a).