bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correction of proximal femoral deformities in children by a guided growth technique: A review
Authors: Kuznetsov Anatoly S. , Kozhevnikov Oleg V. , Kralina Svetlana E.
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: After surgical treatment of proximal femoral deformities in children, secondary deformities can often develop. They can be corrected successfully by epiphysiodesis — a method of working with growth zones.
AIM: To analyze the literature about the development of epiphysiodesis, a proximal femoral technique, and the results of its use in pediatric patients with hip joint pathologies.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The results of using epiphysiodesis for treating secondary deformities in children with hip joint pathologies were analyzed. The literature search was performed in open electronic scientific databases eLibrary and PubMed for the period from 1933 to 2022.
RESULTS: Most authors reported good and satisfactory results in the correction of secondary proximal femoral deformities in children. They also suggested that the development of these deformities could be prevented by epiphysiodesis in time frames, which should be chosen correctly. However, no consensus has been established on the timing of surgical intervention and methods of its implementation.
CONCLUSIONS: Proximal femoral deformities in children, such as valgus deformity of the femoral neck and its recurrence, consequences of Kalamchi type II avascular necrosis, and hypertrophy of the greater trochanter, were corrected for a long time by a complex surgical intervention–intertrochanteric osteotomy of the femur. Improvement in examination methods and a deeper understanding of the growth zone functioning of the proximal femur allow orthopedists to introduce into practice less invasive and less traumatic but effective methods for correcting these proximal femoral deformities by controlled blocking of the growth zones.
Nonbacterial osteomyelitis of the vertebral bodies and frontal bone: A description of a rare clinical case and a review of the literature
Authors: Kozhevnikov Aleksei N. , Zorin Vyacheslav I.
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: Nonbacterial osteomyelitis is a chronic autoinflammatory skeletal disorder of unknown origin characterized by sterile bone lesions and presenting more frequently in children. Spinal manifestations are often common in nonbacterial osteomyelitis; however, cases with skull involvement, except for the mandible, are generally rare.
CLINICAL CASE: Herein, we report the case of an 11-year-old girl presenting with multifocal thoracic vertebral and frontal bone lesions, which led to destructive sinusitis. Nonbacterial osteomyelitis was diagnosed after a bone biopsy, which showed no evidence of granuloma, malignancy, or histiocytes. The histopathological findings were nonspecific inflammatory changes. Ibandronic acid was used to treat nonbacterial osteomyelitis. Clinical signs begin to improve after the first infusion. After the fourth infusion of ibandronic acid, the inflammation was reduced and frontal bone structure and thoracic vertebrae were restored.
DISCUSSION: Bisphosphonate therapy can be used in nonbacterial osteomyelitis when response to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is not optimal. The efficacy of bisphosphonate therapy reaches 75%. However, bisphosphonate therapy in nonbacterial osteomyelitis has not been developed. The paper contained literature about rare cases with skull involvement and problems in bisphosphonate therapy in pediatric nonbacterial osteomyelitis.
CONCLUSIONS: Nonbacterial osteomyelitis is a treatable condition, whose care depends on a referral to a rheumatologist.
Comparative evaluation of contusion spinal cord injury models from ventral and dorsal approaches in rabbits in an experiment
Authors: Shabunin Anton S. , Savina Margarita V. , Rybinskikh Timofey S. , Dreval Anna D. , Safarov Vladislav D. , Safonov Platon А. , Fedyuk Andrey M. , Sitovskaia Daria A. , Dyachuk Nikita M. , Baidikova Alexandra S. , Konkova Lidia S. , Vlasova Olga L. , Vissarionov Sergei V.
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: Contemporary experimental models for spinal cord injury studies are mainly based on spinal cord injury in rats and mice. Modeling of experimental spinal cord injuries is generally performed from the dorsal approach, which excludes its injury as a result of compression by the fragments of the fractured vertebral body and significantly restricts the application of the results obtained from clinical practice.
AIM: To develop and create contusional spinal cord injury model from the ventral approach with its subsequent comparison with the contusional spinal cord injury model from the dorsal approach.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study examined 20 female Soviet Chinchilla rabbits weighing 3.5–4.5 kg. The rabbits were subjected to standardized spinal cord injuries from the ventral and dorsal approaches at the LII level. Somatosensory- and motor-evoked potentials, H-reflex, were recorded in all experimental animals before injury, immediately after, and 3 and 8 h after injury. Histological studies were also performed using qualitative and semiquantitative analyses of biopsy samples of damaged areas and assessing the number of dystrophic neurons over time. The results of neurophysiological and histological examinations of the spinal cord in cases of ventral and dorsal trauma were statistically processed.
RESULTS: When modeling spinal cord injury from the ventral approach, in comparison with the model from the dorsal approach, more significant damage is detected. As a result of the injury factor, the dysfunction of both neurons at the traumatization level and peripheral neurons below the injury zone was revealed; however, as histological examinations have shown, in contrast to the dorsal approach, mild hemorrhage was observed in the ventral approach.
CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained indicate a more significant and strict contusion mechanism of the spinal cord injury model from the ventral approach and the maximum proximity of the resulting model in a clinical situation. In the future, the experimental model of the contusional spinal cord injury in a laboratory animal can be used in chronic experiments.
Digital Transformation, Social Innovation and the Not-For-Profit Sector in Australia
Authors: Morsillo Robert
Published: December 2023

Digital transformation also includes the potential and practice of digital social innovation, whereby the affordances of digital technologies are used to address contemporary social issues. This is particularly relevant to the not-for-profit sector, which plays an important role in Australian society delivering community services. There is a growing appreciation of the ability of this sector to innovate, given its closeness to grass-roots social issues, its flexibility, and capacity to recruit staff and volunteers from all walks of life to contribute to its operations. The sector often operates in-between and in-connection-with government and business, and such collaboration with diverse viewpoints can also be a stimulus for innovation. However, various constraints have been identified, such as the lagging digital proficiency of the sector and its workforce, and the general standoff between purpose, profit and regulatory motivations. The relationship between modern technologies and social innovation by the not-for-profit sector is of national policy interest and worthy of investigation into its originality, opportunities and obstacles. From this brief discussion article, the author invites interested readers to correspond and contribute to this research project.
The Multiple Trajectories of the Allergic March
Authors: de las Vecillas L , Quirce S
Published: December 2023

The allergic march comprises the sequential appearance of a series of allergic comorbidities. However, variability in the onset and progression of allergic diseases generates a heterogeneous scenario that does not follow a linear and single trajectory. Almost half of the pediatric population presents at least 1 allergy symptom. However, only 4%-6% present multimorbidity, with several allergic diseases co-occurring. It has recently been shown that although they share etiological mechanisms and risk factors, allergic diseases arise independently. In most cases, progression is not consecutive, or at least not the same in all patients. TH2- mediated inflammation, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and genetic predisposition play a fundamental role in the etiology of allergic diseases, on which the interaction with the exposome acts decisively. Therefore, studying diseases from an omics point of view is essential when attempting to describe the various trajectories of allergic progression and to propose effective interventions to prevent multimorbidity. In this narrative review, we provide an overview of the current perception of the allergic march, including clinical observations, omics data, risk factors, and measures aimed at modifying its course or even preventing its onset.
COMO AS EMOÇÕES PODEM AFETAR O ESTAGIÁRIO EM SUPERVISÃO?
Authors:   Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Kozima Pacheco Yuri , Marcel Adhemar Vandenberghe Luc ,   Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás
Published: December 2023

A literatura sobre supervisão clínica aponta a importância do vínculo entre supervisor e estagiário e de emoções como confiança e segurança no seio desse relacionamento. Porém, o efeito que o vínculo afetivo e as emoções vivenciados nele tem sobre o estagiário não foram bem investigados. Objetivos: a presente pesquisa explorou quais emoções a relação com o supervisor evoca e como isso influência o supervisando. Método: Foram entrevistados cinco estagiários de psicologia em supervisão clínica. O método usado foi a teoria fundamentada em dados de forma virtual pela plataforma Microsoft Teams, após assinatura do (TCLE). Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa descritiva e interpretativa, cuja coleta de dados seguiu o método da Teoria Fundamentada em Dados (TFD), a qual também orientou a análise de dados com a estratégia de interpretação descritiva e codificação das transcrições das entrevistas. Resultados: os resultados indicam que os estagiários trazem principalmente sentimento de insegurança consigo para a supervisão. Eles procuram amenizar esses sentimentos pelo estudo e pela busca de maior experiência. A inserção no grupo de supervisão pode tanto ajudar quanto atrapalhar nisso. Sintam necessidade de ser validados pelo supervisor e de ser amparados pela disponibilidade e pelo respaldo propiciado pelo profissional. Conclusões: o relacionamento de supervisão é uma relação intima e marcante, onde emoções intensas são vivenciadas e onde o cuidado da supervisora para com o aluno influencia a qualidade do aprendizado. Esses efeitos fazem parte do processo de supervisão e merecem ser incluídos em modelos teóricos e em planos pedagógicos da supervisão.
El acceso al derecho a migrar de la comunidad cubana en Ecuador
Authors: Fernández Torres Elena
Published: December 2023

El presente artículo analiza el acceso al derecho a migrar como un derecho humano, y el ejercicio del derecho a permanecer, como uno de sus derechos centrales. Se exploran sus límites conceptuales establecidos por los sistemas internacionales de protección de los derechos humanos y migratorio, para ser reconstruido como un término paraguas más abarcador, que da acceso a derechos básicos de contenido social, cultural y económico. Por otro lado, se devela la contradicción interna que emerge tras el reconocimiento constitucional del ius migrandis, y la coexistencia de otras normativas/políticas migratorias jerárquicamente inferiores, cuestionadoras de su eficacia. En tal sentido, a partir del caso cubano en Ecuador, se analiza la legitimación de una política migratoria segmentada y criminalizadora sobre un sujeto diferenciado, mayormente en razón de su nacionalidad.
Character of youths: An Indian way to respond to VUCA challenges in business
Authors: Kumar Ashok , Joshi Manoj , Dhiraj Anachamkandy
Published: December 2023

Ostensibly, theories from the eastern and western worlds have emphasized different aspects of character, while in India, greater importance is attached to character building. We must understand that character building establishes surroundings for the human being with distinct values and virtues persisting inside him. This study attempts to explain the importance of the character merits of young managers in mitigating volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) challenges encountered in a business journey. This scholarly effort, with a framework of being reflective and expressive, attempts to capture empirical and qualitative data, hence presenting a model and explaining the connection between the character of young managers and VUCA. The authors initially mine on what character implies and how it could be plausibly examined. Character, as a manifestation, is qualitatively distinguished as a sum of one’s bent of mind, embracing the brighter part of good qualities and consolidating a frame to capture the countenance of a genuine personality. We must understand that for organisation’s growth and sustainability, it is vital for the human resources department to maintain a training methodology that is systematic and focused on character building.
Obowiązki i prawa diakonis w ujęciu historyczno-prawnym w Apostolskim Kościele Ormiańskim. Perspektywa historyczno-prawna od XVII do XXI wieku
Authors: Bider Marcin
Published: December 2023

Diakonisy w Apostolskim Kościele Ormiańskim rozwijały się niezależnie od diakonatu męskiego od IX do XXI w. Obowiązki diakonis ograniczają się do przewodniczenia w klasztorze liturgii godzin, asystowania prezbiterowi przy chrzcie, proklamacji Ewangelii, animowania śpiewu kościelnego, wnoszenia kielicha podczas Wielkiego Wejścia podczas Boskiej Liturgii, podnoszenia kielicha z celebransem podczas Boskiej Liturgii oraz okadzania podczas liturgii. Diakonisy od XX w. zostały związane z parafialnym duszpasterstwem. Odnowa diakonis mogłaby przyczynić się do odrodzenia ormiańskiego monastycyzmu oraz duszpasterstwa parafialnego, jak również podkreślenia wartości „pierwiastka kobiecego” obecnego w Apostolskim Kościele Ormiańskim.
Participation of Religious Brothers in the Exercise of Authority in Clerical Religious Institutes
Authors: Skorupa Ambroży
Published: December 2023

The paper has been inspired by the rescript of Pope Francis issued as a motu proprio on the appointment of superiors in clerical institutes. According to the binding ecclesiastical legislation, such practices used to be prohibited, although the Holy See would grant permissions on a case-by-case basis. The article discusses the idea of exercising authority in religious institutes according to the traditional rules of religious life, referring to St Benedict and St Francis. A serious obstacle to regulating this issue is the exercise of power. Another reason indicated in the rescript is the personnel situation in religious institutes, which makes it impossible for some members of the clergy to serve as superiors due to age and health status. This fact caused requests to the Holy See seeking permission for non-clerics to exercise the office of superiors. A significant attempt to respond to this need is the rescript announced by Pope Francis. It takes account of the existing legal solutions, as well as opening up a certain window of opportunity as regards changes to the structure of power in clerical institutes.
On Remission of Penalties in the 1983 Code of Canon Law. The Problem Outlined
Authors: Suchecki Zbigniew
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the concept of penalties in the Church and the remission of such penalties internally as provided for in Title IV of Book VI of the 1983 Code of Canon Law. The author outlines the concept of ecclesiastical penalties. Next, he looks at who is competent to lift penal sanctions in both ordinary and urgent necessities.
Relevansi Pemikiran Progresif Humanistik Perspektif Aly Syariati Dengan Pendidikan Islam Di Indonesia
Authors: Latingara Aslan Fahrian , Sa'adah Nurus
Published: December 2023

This article discusses progressive humanistic Islamic education that combines Islamic values and humanism to develop individuals who are humanistic and progressive. This research utilizes a qualitative research method with literature review as the research approach. The findings of this study indicate that progressive humanistic Islamic education aims to build a good personality, positive character, strong identity, and Islamic morality. By adopting the ideas of Ali Shariati, Islamic education in Indonesia can become more progressive, critical, and humanistic. Ali Shariati's ideology of Islamic humanism emphasizes the importance of critically understanding Islam in the social and political context. He rejects dogmatic teachings and disregards the role of humans in creating social change. The conclusion of this article explains that Ali Shariati's thoughts are relevant to progressive humanistic Islamic education in Indonesia. By adopting Ali Shariati's ideas, Islamic education in Indonesia can create a more advanced and just society.
GANGGUAN BERBAHASA PSIKOGENIK LATAH PADA PENUTUR BAHASA WANITA LANSIA (KAJIAN PSIKOLINGUISTIK)
Authors: Andriani Lia , Rosidin Odien
Published: December 2023

Latah is a type of psychogenic disorder that is part of a language disorder, usually referred to as echolalia, which is the act of parroting or imitating what other people say or repeating the same utterance when in certain situations. Speeches that include talkative are not all related to dirty words or those that are dirty. The purpose of this study is to describe the form of speech and the factors that cause the emergence of psychogenic disorders of the talkative type in the observed objects. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative. The source of data was obtained from the speech of someone with a psychogenic disorder of the talkative type who was the object or resource person in this study. The location of this research is in the Curug sub-district, Serang-Banten sub-district. The data collection technique used is the listening method with the tapping technique which is the basic technique in the listening method. While advanced techniques in the form of note-taking techniques and recording techniques are used to help the method used.
MENINGKATKAN RASA PERCAYA DIRI NARAPIDANA MELALUI PEMBINAAN AGAMA ISLAM DI LEMBAGA PEMASYARAKATAN
Authors: Bayti Putri Nur , Lestari Widayati , Nursikin Mukh
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study is to expand the self-confidence of prisoners through strict Islamic improvement in remedial foundations, a means to find out the practices of Islamic state administration as a weakening, the impact of constitutional teachings in developing courage in surviving as well as the supporting and inhibiting factors in developing a sense of trust. themselves through Islamic constitutional training as assistance. This study uses a qualitative method. Observation, interview, and documentation methods are used in data collection techniques. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of strict Islamic promotion for detainees is through daily exercises such as congregational prayers in the request room. To produce changes or results that are in accordance with the objectives of holding Islamic religious development, the motivation and attention given to Islam is given. Meanwhile, the impact of promoting strict Islam on self-confidence in Remedial Institutions is very high, as evidenced by the persistence of being able to understand the qualities and shortcomings they have, having a high motivation to provide views, imaginative and hopeful of having choices. to think decisively and have options to overcome the problems around them by talking to each other. Supporting variables in expanding devotion to help through the advancement of Islamic congregations are the books that have been given by the actual coaches, then the presence of human resources is one of the supporting elements in developing the tahajud schooling experience. Although the things that interfere with the implementation of the strict appeal are the Corona virus situation and the meeting of the Restorative Foundations which trigger not accepting ustadz for Muslims and ministers for non-Muslims from outside, meanwhile only mentors and packers who help implement the strict appeal. training.
One-directional parsing function for information security in computer networks of unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors: Zhukov I.A. , Pechurin M.K. , Kondratova L.P. , Pechurin S.M.
Published: December 2023

The tools of the formal languages and grammars theory are proposed to be used in developing the ways to increase the information security of wireless data transmission systems in computer networks of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). Multiple use of production rules for generating sentences of a (regular) language in the processes of inter-level transformations and transmission of PDUs from a true primary information generator through UAV wireless computer network nodes allows to create the pseudo-sources of primary information, which hinders unauthorized access.
НАВКОЛО РОЗУМІННЯ ФІЛОСОФІЇ: ІСТОРИКО-ФІЛОСОФСЬКІ ДИСКУСІЇ ХХ – ХХІ СТОЛІТЬ
Authors: Суходуб Тетяна
Published: December 2023

Анотація. У статті розглядаються особливості «класичної» та сучасної філософії, типи філософського тасоціального мислення як предмет сучасного історико-філософського дискурсу. Актуальність постановкипитання про розуміння філософії як певної культури мислення в аспекті суперечливого зв’язку філософськоїтрадиції та сучасного філософування викликана необхідністю переосмислення можливостей філософії упитанні стосовно соціокультурного, цивілізаційного визначення сучасного людства. Зроблено висновок:утопічне мислення, являючи собою варіант «соціального проєктування», є трансісторичним феноменом і неможе бути ототожненим із культурою класичного («модерного») мислення.
«ЗЕЛЕНЕ БУДІВНИЦТВО» ЯК СПОСІБ ВИРІШЕННЯ ЕКОЛОГІЧНИХ ПРОБЛЕМ: СОЦІАЛЬНО- ФІЛОСОФСЬКИЙ АСПЕКТ
Authors: Скиба Оксана
Published: December 2023

Анотація. Відповідь на питання про можливі шляхи подолання екологічної кризи неможливо віднайти в межах однієїтрадиційної науки, тому виникає низка нових наук, здатних запропонувати свої способи подолання екологічних проблем.Джерелом появи цих наук є зміна уявлень про місце людини в системі природи: ідея підкорення природи замінюєтьсяідеєю гармонійного розвитку природи і людини, яка допоможе зберегти для майбутніх поколінь природні багатстванашої планети. Людство нарешті зрозуміло: проблеми охорони природи та раціонального використання природнихресурсів, відновлення і збереження екологічної рівноваги неможливо вирішити силами науковців, філософів-мислителівта «зелених», а лише спільними зусиллями всіх людей. У даній статті досліджується досить ефективний і порівняноновий спосіб вирішення екологічних проблем - «зелене будівництво» (greenbuilding), або по-іншому екологічне. Показано,що цей спосіб спрямований на зниження рівня споживання матеріальних і енергетичних ресурсів, а також на зменшеннянегативного впливу будівельної діяльності на природне середовище
Investigating the Relationship between Red Cell Width Distribution (RDW) and Outcome in Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ramezani Shervin , Varpaei Hesam Aldin , Mohammadi Mostafa , Rahmani Hamid , Ramezani Masoud
Published: December 2023

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a consequence of mechanical ventilation, which can be fatal. Several markers are available to predict outcomes related to VAP. Choosing a predictor that is inexpensive, affordable, and accurate is advantageous. This study aimed to examine red cell distribution width (RDW) as a predictor of mortality in patients with VAP.
Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted among 49 patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) of Valiasr Hospital in Tehran. A researcher-made checklist was used to collect RDW and other marker data, as well as mortality outcomes and length of stay (LOS) in the ICU. The Pearson correlation coefficient in the SPSS software and the regression model in the Eviews software were used to examine the relationship between markers and different outcomes.
Results: Of a total of 49 patients (57.1% male; mean age = 54 ± 16), the length of ICU stays ranged from 7 to 14 days. According to the Pearson correlation coefficient, a significant association between RDW and mortality (P =.009) was noted. But no significant relationship between RDW and length of stay in the ICU (P =.81) was noted. Additionally, the regression model showed a positive relationship between RDW and white blood cells (WBC), lactate, and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA).
Conclusion: Our study showed a positive but weak correlation between RDW and ICU mortality in patients with VAP. Due to its availability and low cost of measurement, RDW is an appropriate option for predicting mortality risk in patients who are admitted to the ICU and develop VAP.
Efficacy of Combined Epidural-General Anaesthesia [CEGA] in Attenuating Hemodynamic Responses to Pneumoperitoneum in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomies: A Prospective Randomised Study
Authors: Nanjundaswamy Nethra H , Kannan Sudheesh , Narayanappa Vijaykumar H , Nagappa Saraswathi , Kalappa Sandya
Published: December 2023

Background: Pnuemoperitonium in laparoscopy is associated with cardiorespiratory changes. Combination of epidural with General anaesthesia (GA) will offer benefit of hemodynamic control and perioperative analgesia. We aimed to study the efficacy of Combined Epidural- General Anaesthesia (CEGA) with pre-emptive activation over general anaesthesia in laparoscopic cholecystectomies.
Methods: In this prospective double blind –randomised study, 90 surgical inpatients were studied in two study groups. Group GE-(n=45) received Lumbar Epidural analgesia with ropivacaine 0.2% along with GA and Group G (n=45) received only GA. Heart rate (HR), Mean arterial Pressure (MAP), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), Capnogram (ETCO2), saturation (spo2), VAS score, Ramsay sedation score, requirement of propofol, muscle relaxants and analgesics were studied.
Results: Statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS version 20. Statistical value of p<0.05 was considered significant. We noted significant difference in MAP, SBP, DBP, muscle relaxants, Propofol, Fentanyl and lesser pain scores in Group GE than Group G i.e (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Combination of epidural and general anaesthesia technique with pre emptive activation has the benefit of better control of hemodynamics .It reduced requirements of analgesics and anaesthetic drugs and had faster recovery with less post operative pain in laparoscopic cholecystectomies.
The Effectiveness of Amantadine in Improving Consciousness in Patients with Acute Brain Injury
Authors: Dahmardeh Alireza Rahat , Keykha Aliakbar , Amin Mehdi Rezvani , Khoshfetrat Masoum
Published: December 2023

Background: The improved consciousness level reflects the patient’s recovery following acute brain injury. The medications that can regulate neurotransmitter levels, neural synaptic plasticity, and functional connectivity of consciousness networks might play a crucial role in improving the consciousness status of the patients. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of amantadine in improving consciousness in acute brain injury patients.
Methods: The present quasi-experimental study was performed from 2021 to 2022 after obtaining the necessary permissions from Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Eighty patients with acute brain injury who met the study inclusion criteria were recruited and randomized into amantadine and placebo groups. The amantadine group was given a daily dose of 100 mg amantadine tablets, while the placebo group received a gavage of amantadine-like placebo tablets twice daily for 14 days. The consciousness level of patients was measured daily until the outcome (ICU discharge or expiration) was established. Eventually, a comparative data analysis was conducted to determine amantadine's efficacy in enhancing consciousness, reducing mechanical ventilation time, and improving patient outcomes.
Results: The mean GCS score in the amantadine group was 5.5±1.4 on admission and 11.9±3.7 at the end of the study, compared to 6.6±1.5 on admission and 11.8±3 at the end of the study, for the placebo group (p=0.154 and p=0.211, respectively). The mean duration of mechanical was 28.87±11.34 days in the amantadine group and 24.13±14.93 days in the placebo group (P=0.329). Twenty-four patients in the amantadine group were discharged from ICU, and 16 were expired. For the placebo group, 21 patients were discharged from ICU, while 16 were expired (p=0.221). No statistically significant difference was found in any of the measured variables between the two groups.
Conclusion: The results demonstrate that amantadine administration had no statistically significant impact on improving consciousness status and clinical outcomes and reducing mechanical ventilation time in acute brain injury patients.
Efficacy of Magnesium vs Dexamethasone as an Adjuvant to Ropivacaine in Ultrasound Guided Femoral and Sciatic Nerve Block for Postoperative Analgesia: A Prospective, Double Blinded Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Deshpande Jyoti , Kulkarni Priyanka , Nashine Sanjana
Published: December 2023

Background: In patients undergoing lower limb orthopaedic surgery, unrelieved post-operative pain not only results in discomfort to the patients but also predispose to the development of chronic pain syndromes. The dawn of ultrasonographic-guided techniques has led to increased interest in femoro-sciatic nerve block (FSNB) for lower limb orthopaedic surgeries. Efficacy of various adjuvants have been studied to prolong the block and analgesia. In recent years, there is growing interest in magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) and dexamethasone as adjuvants to local anaesthetics in nerve blocks. Duration of post-operative analgesia was the primary outcome of our study, whereas the rescue analgesics requirement, VAS scores and haemodynamic parameters and time required for toe movement were the secondary outcomes.
Methods: Sixty-patients scheduled to undergo below knee orthopaedic surgeries under subarachnoid block were divided into 2 groups: Group RM(n=30) patients received 38 mL of 0.375% Ropivacaine with MgSO4 150 mg in 2 mL NS and Group RD(n=30) patients received 38 mL of 0.375% Ropivacaine with Dexamethasone 8 mg(2mL) to make total drug volume of 40 mL. In all patients, 20 mL of LA solution was injected around femoral nerve and 20 mL around sciatic nerve. The primary outcome was duration of post-op analgesia and secondary being requirement of rescue analgesia and time for toe movement. Mean variables were analysed and compared with unpaired t-test. Proportions were compared with Chi-square test and Fischer-exact test.
Results: Duration of analgesia was prolonged with Dexamethasone (18.8 ± 7.8) as compared to MgSO4 (8.8 ± 4.2). In regards to early ambulation, MgSO4(6.78 ± 2.25) was a cut above Dexamethasone (16.43 ± 4.56).
Conclusion: Both MgSO4 or Dexamethasone added to Ropivacaine prolonged the duration of analgesia, decreased requirement of rescue analgesia. Dexamethasone delays requirement of rescue analgesics with better pain scores as compared to MgSO4.
A Narrative Review of Cardiac Output Measurement in Cardiac SurgeryA Narrative Review of Cardiac Output Measurement in Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Jahangirifard Alireza , Mirtajani Seyed Bashir , Jabbari Ali , Saliminejad Leila , Ghaheri Mohammad , Ahmadi Zargham Hossein
Published: December 2023

Continuous monitoring of the cardiovascular system and control of the changes affecting it is a constant challenge for the surgical team. The need to control the condition of the heart and better understand its condition is raised in the topic of advanced hemodynamic monitoring, which is a set of different techniques for real-time monitoring of the cardiovascular condition and its influencing factors. Cardiac output, as the most important indicator of cardiac function, is an integral part of cardiac monitoring systems. The measurement of this index has witnessed extensive changes in the past few years, which clearly shows its importance. Cardiac surgery is one of the most serious cases that requires accurate assessment of cardiac output and advanced hemodynamic monitoring. Therefore, the present study examines the types of cardiac output in cardiac surgery.
Vital Role of an Anaesthesiologist in Rendering Safe Anaesthesia in a Case of Parotid Tumor Resection with Obesity: A Case Report
Authors: Deshpande Jyoti , Jacob Merlin Elizabeth , Jadhav Vishal Dhondiram
Published: December 2023

Parotid pleomorphic adenomas are benign salivary gland tumors, which predominantly affect the superficial lobe of the parotid gland. The “pleomorphic” nature of the tumor can be explained on the basis of its epithelial and connective tissue origin. Slowly progressing asymptomatic swelling is the usual presentation of the tumor. Surgical excision of the tumor mass forms the mainstay of treatment, with utmost care taken to preserve the facial nerve. We describe here, a case of an obese male patient who was posted for parotid tumor resection under general anesthesia supplemented with superficial cervical plexus block whilst monitoring both muscle relaxation and nerve integrity.
Dual Intraoperative Management of a Patient Withrare form of Epilepsy- Hot Water Epilepsy and Corrected Ventricular Septal Defect Undergoing Implant Exit Removal of Tibia
Authors: Nunna Hannah Mounika , Gopal Vinod Krishna , G Purushotham
Published: December 2023

Hot water Epilepsy (HWE) is a type of epilepsy which occurs when hot water is poured over the body. Patient undergoing implant exit removal of tibia was intra operatively managed who has the history of corrected VSD and hot water epilepsy.
Thickness Profile of Donated Corneas Preserved in Optisol-GS versus Sinasol: An Ex-vivo Study
Authors: Javadi Fatemeh , Kheiri Bahareh , Rezaeian Akbarzadeh Amir , Rezaei Kanavi Mozhgan
Published: December 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the thickness profile and the endothelial cell density (ECD) of donated corneas maintained in Optisol-GS with those preserved in Sinasol over seven days. Methods: Twenty paired donor corneas were received from the Central Eye Bank of Iran. After recording the osmolarity of each medium, one of each of the cornea pairs was preserved in either Optisol-GS or Sinasol media. Then, slit-lamp biomicroscopy and specular microscopic examinations were performed at the baseline and on day seven. Visante optical coherence tomography (V-OCT) was also performed at 1 hour (h), 24h, 72h, and one week post-preservation. The specular microscopic and V-OCT values were then compared between the two groups. Results: The mean osmolarity of the Sinasol group was significantly less than the Optisol- GS group (296 vs. 366 mOsm/L, p = 0.0008). The mean central corneal thickness at the measurement points was comparable between the two groups. However, the increase of thickness one week post-preservation in the Sinasol group was remarkably lower than those in the Optisol-GS group (p = 0.019). Conclusion: Corneal storage in Sinasol over seven days provides better and superior maintenance and preservation of corneal tissue deturgescence and a lower rate of ECD loss over Optisol-GS.
Agreement Between Swept-source Optical Coherence Tomography and Rotating Scheimpflug Camera in Measurement of Corneal Parameters in Normal and Keratoconic Eyes
Authors: Ghassemi Hamed , Zarei-Ghanavati Mehran , Khastavan Mina , Atighehchian Mehrnaz , Azimi Khorasani Abbas , Latifi Golshan
Published: December 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the agreement between topographic indices of healthy subjects and keratoconus (KCN) patients using a swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT CASIA2) versus a Scheimpflug camera (Pentacam). Methods: 40 eyes of 23 patients with KCN and 40 eyes of 20 healthy subjects were included and evaluated with the CASIA2, followed by the Pentacam. Two consecutive modalities were obtained for one eye of each patient. Corneal parameters, including anterior keratometry at steep (Ks) and flat meridians (Kf), anterior astigmatism, anterior and posterior corneal elevation values, thinnest corneal thickness, and apex corneal thickness, were evaluated. Results: CASIA2 and Pentacam showed perfect agreement (95% limits of agreement (LoA): -0.22 to 0.68, 95% LoA: -1.5 to 1.44 D) and good correlation (Intraclass correlation (ICC):0.986, ICC:0.987; to 0.68, 95% LoA: -1.5 to 1.44 D) and good correlation (Intraclass correlation (ICC):0.986, ICC:0.987; P <0.01) for anterior (Ks) in normal and ectatic corneas, respectively. The cylinder amount had moderate agreement and correlation (95% LoA: -0.55 to 0.47D, ICC: 0.797, P <0.01) in normal, and moderate to strong agreement and correlation (95% LoA: -1.57 to 0.87D, ICC=0.911, P <0.01) in Keratoconic eyes. There was a fair agreement for anterior and posterior corneal elevation values in normal subjects (95% LoA: -3.09 to 4.59, 95% LoA: -6.91 to 7.31D). The thinnest corneal thickness amount had an excellent agreement in normal and KCN patients (ICC: 0.983, 0.953; respectively). Conclusions: Although the devices had different mean indices values, they had a good agreement based on the Bland–Altman plots. Since Pentacam is accepted as the standard tool for diagnosing ectatic cornea, pentacam CASIA2 is also helpful for early diagnosis of KCN.
Idiopathic Macular Hole: Algorithm for Nonsurgical Closure Based on Literature Review
Authors: M Mansour Ahmad , Parodi Maurizio , H Uwaydat Sami , Charbaji Suzanne , Ascaso Javier , A Mansour Hana , Tripathy Koushik , Marcelo Barbante Casella Antônio
Published: December 2023

Our purpose is to review the closure time and optical coherence tomography (OCT) biomarkers that result in the non-surgical repair of idiopathic full-thickness macular holes (IFTMH). Our methodology consisted of a comprehensive literature review of the nonsurgical resolution of IFTMH followed by the calculation of the estimated closure time using the structural equation model. Forty-nine studies were found eligible yielding 181 eyes with IFTMH: 81.1% being small holes (<250 μm) with a median diameter of 166 μm. Final vision (mean 20/41) was related to initial vision (mean 20/65) and mean age (67 years). The hole diameter was correlated with initial vision and closure time (mean 3.9 months). Closure time was related to hole diameter and initial vision in the following algorithm: Closure time (month)= −0.057 + 0.008 diameter (μm) + 0.021 age (year) + 2.153 initial vision (logMAR). Biomarkers by OCT for self-closure included in decreasing frequency: pointed edge, de-turgescence of cystic macular edema (CME) with reversal of bascule bridge, and vitreomacular traction (VMT) release. The crucial function of Muller cell bridging in sealing the hole attests to its exceptional capacity for regeneration. After the hole has begun to close; however in less than 5%, a delayed restoration of the ellipsoid layer or a persistent outer foveal defect may prevent visual recovery and reopening of the hole is possible. In conclusion, eyes with small-size IFTMH and good baseline vision can have the additional option of close OCT monitoring for biomarkers of self-sealing biomarkers. When rehabilitative activity seems to be lacking, surgery is therefore mandatory.
Malignant Epiretinal Membrane After Proton Beam Radiation of Ciliary Body Melanoma
Authors: Mashayekhi Arman , Yousaf Mohammad , Dorairaj Syril , Wu Kevin , Wagner Isabella , Bolling James
Published: December 2023

Purpose: To report the development of malignant epiretinal membrane after radiation of ciliary body melanoma.Case report: A 65-year-old woman was referred for evaluation of a ciliary body tumor in her right eye. On examination, a pigmented ciliary body tumor, displacing the iris anteriorly, was visible superotemporally and ultrasound biomicroscopy revealed a large solid ciliary body tumor. She was diagnosed with ciliary body melanoma and treated with proton beam radiation. Over the following 29 months, the treated tumor regressed but optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed the development of a dense epiretinal membrane. Enucleation was performed and histopathological examination showed viable melanoma cells in the vitreous cavity with sheet-like growth of viable spindle melanoma cells on the epiretinal surface. Conclusion: The development of a pigmented epiretinal membrane in eyes with uveal melanoma should raise the possibility of a malignant epiretinal membrane.
Erratum: Inverted ILM Flap Technique in Optic Disc Pit Maculopathy
Authors: Tavallali Ali , Sadeghi Yasaman , Abtahi Seyed-Hossein , Nouri Hosein , Samadikhadem Sanam , Rezaei Mitra , Mazloumi Mehdi
Published: December 2023

This article is an Erratum to "Inverted ILM Flap Technique in Optic Disc Pit Maculopathy" . Please download the PDF or view the article HTML.'
SHAREHOLDERS’ AGREEMENTS AND UNIDROIT PRINCIPLES OF INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL CONTRACTS
Authors: Smitiukh A. V.
Published: December 2023

The article examines the issue of the foreign law as an applicable law of shareholders’ agreement at companies established under the laws of Ukraine. The emergence of shareholders’ agreement in the legal system of Ukraine, as well as the changes that have taken place during the last decades regarding the possibility of applying foreign law to contractual corporate relations, have been studied. Because of authority of English common law among Ukrainian legal practitioners, there is an attitude among them to choose it as the foreign law that will be applied to shareholders’ agreement. At the same time, there are significant differences in the basic principles of common law and continental legal family, which includes the legal system of Ukraine. On the other hand, the law of Ukraine will remain the applicable law for the rest of corporate relations in the relevant companies insofar as it is its lex societatis (i.e. everything with except of obligations of the parties to the shareholders’ agreement). Taking into account all the above, a conclusion was made to introduce a document equidistant from both legal systems and able to ensure a high quality regulation of general issues of contract law, namely the UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts, among instruments providing regulation of relations under shareholders’ agreement. It is proposed to use one of the standard UNIDROIT clauses in order to determine the hierarchy between the provisions of foreign national law and the UNIDROIT Principles, as well as their correlation with the provisions of the shareholders’ agreement itself. It was also concluded that the UNIDROIT Principles might be applied to shareholders’ agreement even in the absence of a foreign element to establish a regulation of a contractual relations at the level of the best international standards.
Main Guidelines for the Change Strategy of SMEs in the Context of Industrialization 4.0
Authors: Dorogaia Irina
Published: December 2023

Industry 4.0 brings with it irreversible transformation processes hitherto unknown to the world.  The need for business transformation becomes obvious. The introduction of new technologies changes all aspects of business activities: structure, systems, personnel, procedures and rules, goals and objectives, corporate culture, and relationships with other elements of business: suppliers, customers, and other stakeholders. Often it is a question of changing the business model, which fundamentally changes all the principles of the company's activity. In this context there is a serious question: what change strategy to apply for its successful implementation. How will this strategy differ from the usual understanding of strategy and what are the factors of its success? Therefore, the purpose of this study is to justify an approach to change strategy in the context of instability, dynamism and fragility associated with Industrialization 4.0. The hypothesis of the study is the assumption that strategy in the classical view can no longer produce such an effect and therefore the new digital strategy is fundamentally different from previous approaches. The methods of this study are: the analysis of concepts and synthesis of theories of change management and strategic management, also an empirical study was conducted to identify the peculiarities of change implementation in small and medium-sized enterprises in the Republic of Moldova, after which conclusions and recommendations were substantiated in the field of changing the approach to change strategy in these companies.  As conclusions, the main directions of change strategy development for SMEs in the Republic of Moldova are discussed.
Self-reflexivity, Recessivity and the Evolution of Psychology
Authors: Popoveniuc Bogdan
Published: December 2023

This paper supports the idea that the epistemology of Psychology had a fairly progressive line of development, and it was not only an incessant swing between the primacy of two opposing perspectives: from out-side in and from in-side out. Although the recessive dynamics of these two metaphysical principles of Person Constructs Reality and Reality Constructs Person (Buss, 1978) was the critical marker of any major paradigm change from the history of Psychology, the development of psychological thinking has presupposed, in addition, a general evolutive path. I will demonstrate that these combined movements of alternation and progression form a unique complex sense of epistemological development of Psychology accompanying the corresponding development of human personality level of self-reflection.
In contrast to pessimistic viewpoints suggesting that the reflexivity inherent in this dual paradigm shift consigns the field of Psychology to an eternal return, it actually elevates the evolution of human self-reflective consciousness to a collective plane of self-reflexivity.
The final considerations are made about the current mainstream of psychological research and unreflexively practices detrimental to the substantiation of a Humanistic Psychological Science, which become vital in the Age of artificial intelligence.
Enakost žensk in moških, pravice otrok in pravice starejših v povezavi z umetno inteligenco
Authors: Poje Lučev Tija
Published: December 2023

Umetna inteligenca je eno izmed na novo razvitih in obravnavanih področij današnje družbe, za katero je značilno, da živi v informacijski dobi. Ker uporaba umetne inteligence povzroči številne etične dileme, predvsem glede poseganja v človekove pravice, je to področje tudi izredno pravno zanimivo, še posebej glede regulacije umetne inteligence tako, da bi bila ta zaupanja vredna in zakonita. Prispevek temelji na raziskovanju in nato predstavitvi, kako razvoj in uporaba umetne inteligence vplivata na človekove pravice. Raziskovanje je osredotočeno na poseg v tri temeljne človekove pravice, to so pravica do enakosti žensk in moških, pravice otrok in pravice starejših. Tako je v raziskovalni nalogi predstavljeno, kateri akti na mednarodni, evropski in nacionalni ravni določajo varstvo in spoštovanje teh pravic. Nadalje je pojasnjeno, kako umetna inteligenca vpliva na te pravice v praksi in kakšne iniciative se izvajajo z namenom, da se uresniči varstvo teh pravic pred vplivi umetne inteligence ter kakšni ukrepi naj bi se izvedli v prihodnje.