bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La influencia personal como principio biográfico, educativo y evangelizador en John Henry Newman
Authors:   Universidad Villanueva, España, Fernández-Castiella José-Antonio , Rumayor Miguel ,   Universidad Panamericana, México, Rodríguez José-Gabriel ,   Universidad Villanueva, España
Published: January 2023

Este artículo es un estudio del significado y alcance de la influencia personal en John Henry Newman. Se propone este principio como clave hermenéutica de su biografía, acción evangelizadora y visión educativa en la universidad y se lo contrasta con sus estudios y doctrina en ámbito histórico-teológico y filosófico. Es posible hacer un paralelismo entre los principios de influencia y disciplina en los que Newman cifra la esencia e integridad de la universidad y la influencia personal y el asentimiento real en el desarrollo biográfico. Esta interpretación resulta esclarecedora para comprender la vida y enseñanza del autor sobre la autoformación.
Dialogue and Agreement Models in the Modern Ecumenical Movement (1910-1983): Minimal, Comparative, and Convergence Ecumenisms
Authors:   Chair of Intercultural Theology and Physicality, Faculty of Protestant Theology Ruhr-Universität Bochum (Germany), Jara Daniel
Published: January 2023

El artículo presenta tres de los modelos más relevantes para diálogo y acuerdo durante la llamada "etapa moderna" del movimiento ecuménico, esto es, desde la histórica Conferencia Misionera de Edimburgo de 1910 hasta el comienzo del "Invierno Ecuménico". En primer lugar, presenta el modelo Minimalista en relación con el Acuerdo de Bonn entre la Comunión Anglicana y la Antigua Iglesia Católica de la Unión de Utrecht, sus ventajas y sus deficiencias. En segundo lugar, el artículo estudia el modelo Comparativo como principal marco metodológico de las primeras y segundas conferencias de Fe y Constitución en Lausana (1927) y Edimburgo (1937), y explica su incapacidad para trascender el nivel descriptivo, su carácter "estadístico" y su inadecuación para promover puntos de encuentro negociados entre las tradiciones cristianas. Por último, analiza el modelo de Convergencia en lo que respecta a la estructura y el lenguaje comunes de sus documentos y cómo se convirtió en un medio para lograr un consenso limitado, especialmente tras la consolidación de organizaciones ecuménicas globales.
Los migrantes en el Antiguo Testamento. ¿Aceptación o rechazo?
Authors:   Facultad de Estudios Teológicos y Filosofía. Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Bravo Arturo
Published: January 2023

Este artículo pretende mostrar cómo aparecen presentados los migrantes en el Antiguo Testamento y si es posible establecer al respecto una postura global del mismo en términos de su aceptación o rechazo. Para ello, se analiza la terminología utilizada y se examina un abanico de textos relativos a un marco u horizonte universalista y otros representativos de las tendencias mencionadas, para luego presentar un balance del análisis y concluir con unas pistas para el hoy.
Utilidad de la resonancia magnética cardíaca en pacientes con distrofias neuromusculares (distrofia neuromuscular de Duchene/ Becker)
Authors: Burgos Mario A. , Carrizo Álvaro D. , Carrizo Víctor D. , Soria Franco L. , Gaya Martín V. , Fernández Julio R.
Published: January 2023

Introducción: La Resonancia Magnética Cardíaca (RMC) es cada vez más frecuentemente utilizada en pacientes con Distrofia Neuromuscular de Duchene y Becker (DMD y DMB). Por la capacidad de demostrar realce tardío con gadolinio (RTG), que identifica zonas de fibrosis de la pared media y subepicárdica, subendocárdica o global, y el cálculo de la fracción de eyección ventricular izquierda (FEVI), se considera el patrón oro en el diagnóstico y pronóstico de la afección cardíaca de estas distrofias. Objetivos: Determinar por medio de RMC la presencia de fibrosis cardíaca en pacientes con distrofia neuromuscular. Determinar el compromiso neuromuscular y cardiaco. Definir la evolución cardiovascular de estos pacientes Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal de 16 pacientes consecutivos desde marzo de 2021 a julio de 2022 en el Área de imagen cardiaca de CEMET (Centro Médico Tafi Viejo) y Diagnóstico Médico Dr. Gaya de la provincia de Tucumán. Resultados: Se evaluaron 16 pacientes, todos con diagnóstico confirmado de DMD/DMB por laboratorio, enzimas, y test genéticos. La edad promedio fue 19 años. Todos tenían estadio grave de la escala de Vignos y tratamiento neurológico. Todos tenían tratamiento con betabloqueantes o inhibidores de la enzima de conversión de la angiotensina. La RMC evidenció que 4 pacientes tenían deterioro grave de la FEVI (<35%); 8 pacientes tenían trastornos segmentarios o globales de la motilidad parietal del VI y en 12 se observó RTG, de distribución variable: difusa, mesocárdica, subendocárdica y subepicárdica. En 6 pacientes se observó miocardio no compacto y en 2 derrame pericárdico leve. Conclusión: La RMC debe ser incluida como método de cribaje para pacientes con distrofias neuromusculares. Su aporte para la estadificación clínica y terapéutica es de suma importancia.
Use of Benzodiazepines in Hypertension Treatment
Authors: Schiavone Miguel Javier , Richly Pablo , Pronotti Victoria , Pérez Mariana , Aquieri Analia , Avaca Horacio , Tartaglione Jorge E.
Published: January 2023

Hypertension is a worldwide prevalent disease and one of the main cardiovascular risk factors. Today we live in a society dominated by stress, depression and anxiety, disorders generating a high sympathetic discharge which is damaging for the cardiovascular health. It is usual that as physician we meet patients who in the office and/or emergency departments present some degree of anxiety associated with elevated blood pressure, and in these cases, the treatment chosen to decrease blood pressure is frequently anxiolytics, specially benzodiazepines. As currently no guidelines support the use of anxiolytics for blood pressure management, we decided to carry out a bibliographic review to assess the evidences of their indication to treat hypertension.
CAD-CAM Designed Ceramic Veneer for the Restoration of Peg-shaped Lateral Incisor: Case Report
Authors: Refeai Mohammad H Al
Published: January 2023

Peg shaped lateral incisors are considered to be the most common discrepancy concerning tooth size. This results in reduced size of the tooth, anterior diastema, and most often an unpresentable smile. Now a days, the concepts of Adhesive Dentistry and wider use of ceramic veneers have allowed all ceramic restorations to be more acceptable in terms of function and esthetics as well as establishing a good smile harmony. The aim of the clinical report presented, is to demonstrate a conservative approach of treatment so as to improve an esthetically disharmonious smile resulting from a unilateral peg-shaped lateral incisor. Here the authors present a case of 33 years old Saudi patient, who sought treatment for solving his esthetically disharmonious smile. Digital Impression guides were utilized for planning and fabricating Lithium Disilicate veneers. This was done to restore the size, morphology, function, as well as the esthetics of upper lateral incisors including the overall smile of the patient. The veneers using Lithium disilicate provided the harmonization of smile of the patient. It further resulted in recovering of the tooth size including its shape as well as anatomical characteristics.
Socio-demographic and Clinical Profile of Children and Adolescents Attending the Psychiatry Outpatient Service of a Tertiary Level Hospital in Eastern Nepal
Authors: Bhurtel Srijana , Gautam Rinku , Adhikari Baikuntha Raj , Shakya Dhana Ratna , Kumar Rajesh , Deo Binod , Rana Asmita
Published: January 2023

Aims: This study aims to find out the socio-demographic and clinical profile of children and adolescents attending psychiatry outpatient service of a tertiary-level hospital in Nepal.

Study Design:  Descriptive cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in the psychiatry outpatient department from Sep 2017 to Sep 2018.

Methodology: All children and adolescents, aged 6 years to 18 years, visiting the psychiatry outpatient department registered as new cases were included in the study. Epidemiological profiles and clinical characteristics (psychiatric diagnosis, age, sex, ethnicity, occupation, education geographical areas, family characteristics) were noted using a semi-structured questionnaire. Psychiatric diagnosis was made based on ICD-11 criteria. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 14.07 years ± 3.43 (mean ± SD). Psychiatric disorders were most common in children and adolescents of 16-19 years of age group followed by the 11-15 years of age group. Majorities of the patients were male (52.1%), and Hindu (87.2%). More than 85% of the patients had received some level of education. Most resided in rural areas (43.2%) and nuclear families (54.7%). The most common psychiatric diagnosis was depressive disorder (21.6%) followed by Dissociative disorder (16.15%.), and Panic disorder (10.16%). Thirteen percent of the patients presented with a history of intentional self-harm, 19.5% had a positive family history of mental illness, and 18% had emotional difficulties with their parents. There was a history of alcohol use in the family in 17.2% and family conflicts in 14.1% of cases.

Conclusion: Depression is the most common psychiatric disorder in the pediatric age group. Adolescents of the elder age group and male gender constitute the major proportion of patients with psychiatric morbidity. Positive family history of mental illness and emotional difficulties with the parents were the most commonly seen family characteristics.
Comparison between Efficacy of Carboxytherapy, Plasma Gel Injection and Mesotherapy in Treatment of Periorbital Dark Circles
Authors: Mohamed Shalash Aya , Moustafa Fawzy Mohamed , Naiem Elfar Nashwa , Ramzy Ghaly Nahla
Published: January 2023

Background: Periorbital dark circles (PODC) is also recognized as periorbital melanosis, dark eye circles, and infraorbital darkness. It`s a public cosmetic skin disorder with relative darkness of the periorbital areas. This condition affects both sexes, it gets worse by aging which makes people look tired and older, so it has a negative effect on the quality of life, particularly in Women.

Methods: This comparative, simple randomized, controlled study was carried out on 30 patients with presented with periorbital dark circles did not receive any treatment 3 months before joining the study. The patients were equally allocated into three groups Group A: treated with bilateral injection of PRP gel, Group B: treated with bilateral intradermal injection of CO2 with carboxytherapy machine and Group C: treated with intradermal injection of vitamin C. All patients received 4 sessions with 2 weeks a part.

All patients were subjected to complete history taking, general and dermatological examination and clinical assessment was done for all patients to determine the type of dark circles.

Results: The improvement of PODC in Plasma gel injection and carboxytherapy mesotherapy were excellent in (50%) and (40%) in vitamin C group. There was gradual improvement of PODC with time, but recurrence rate of the studied groups after 6 months was 40%, 30%, 60% in group A, B and C respectively, showing higher recurrence rate in group C patients treated with vitamin C mesotherapy.

Conclusions: Gel injection, carboxytherapy and vitamin C mesotherapy were effective and safe therapeutic modalities in treatment of PODC.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Safe Disposal of Unused and Expired Pharmaceutical Products among Pharmacy Students
Authors: Muppa Leena , Thenmozhi G. , Priyadharshini V. , Meenatchi R. , Rajmahizhan T.
Published: January 2023

Pharmaceuticals are produced and consumed in greater quantities every year. Unfortunately, not all medicines given to patients are used up; significant amounts are left unused or expired. The accumulation of medications in the home and the improper Disposal of unused medications can result in inappropriate medication sharing, unintentional childhood poisonings, and the diversion of medicines for illegal use.

Aims: To evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice on safe Disposal of unused and expired pharmaceutical products among pharmacy students, and to assess the most common categories of drug products that are kept unused at home, the reasons for stocking up and the most preferred ways to dispose of them.

Study Design:  A Descriptive Cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Pharmacy students during the period of March 2022 to August 2022.

Methodology: We included 402 students (209 male, 193 females; age range 18-25 years) from different pharmacy departments (D. Pharm, B, Pharm and Pharm. D). Data were collected using a pre-structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. Descriptive statistics including frequencies, mean, standard deviation and percentages were used to summarize the data.

Results: A total of 402 pharmacy students participated in the study. Among the study participants, approximately 81% of the respondents had leftover medicines at home and the most common types of medicines kept in households were NSAIDS (29.89%) followed by antibiotics (24.06%). The most preferred ways of disposing of both unused and expired medicines among the study population were throwing them away in household garbage (55.5%) and disposing of them in their original package and dosage form (22.60%).

Conclusion: The majority of the students were aware of the adverse effects of unsafe Disposal of leftover medicines and they mentioned the need for schemes like drug takeback programs to encourage safe Disposal. Though respondents had good knowledge, the right attitude toward and practice of safe Disposal of medicines were lacking.
Spectral Response of a Monocrystalline Silicon Solar Cell: Under the Influence of the Variation of the Refractive Indices of the Antireflection Materials
Authors: Dieye Awa , Mbengue Nacire , Dieye Mayoro , A. Niasse Oumar , Ba Bassioru
Published: January 2023

Numerical simulations have shown that low reflectivity’s at the surface of the planar cell coated with a single layer can be obtained. For example, for single coatings of Si3N4 and HfO2 materials, reflectivity values of around 3% and 2% respectively are obtained. Structures with multilayer coatings such as MgF2 /SiNx: H/Si, give a very low reflectivity of around 1%. Thus, the refractive index of the coating is an important parameter that plays a major role in the optical properties of the materials. The closer the refractive index is to the index of the substrate or the layer above the substrate, the higher the reflectivity. The low reflectivity’s of silicon coated with anti-reflective materials increase the external quantum efficiency of the solar cell; for example, the efficiency is 95% for HfO2 /Si and Si3N4 /Si, as there is a maximum incident photon flux within the solar cell.
Prevalence of Positive COVID-19 Test Results Collected by Digital Self-report in the US and Germany
Authors: Kolb Jakob J. , Radin Jennifer M. , Quer Giorgio , Rose Annika H. , Pandit Jay A. , Wiedermann Marc
Published: January 2023

This cohort study examines traditional surveillance and self-reported COVID-19 test result data collected from independent smartphone app–based studies in the US and Germany.
Tobacco, Alcohol, Cannabis, and Other Drug Use in the US Before and During the Early Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Compton Wilson M. , Flannagan Kerry S. J. , Silveira Marushka L. , Creamer MeLisa R. , Kimmel Heather L. , Kanel Moana , Blanco Carlos , Volkow Nora D.
Published: January 2023

Importance

Information about national substance use trends among youths and adults after mid-March 2020 is limited due to constraints on surveillance during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective

To evaluate whether substance use prevalence in the early part of the pandemic (2020) differed from the prepandemic periods of 2018 to 2019 and 2016 to 2018.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cross-sectional study was a repeated analysis of 2016 to 2020 data from a nationally representative sample of youths and adults in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study. Participants were representative of the US civilian noninstitutionalized population. Household residents age 13 years or older were interviewed in person from 2016 to 2019 and via telephone in 2020.

Exposures

Age, calendar year.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Past 30-day self-reported use of any tobacco, any alcohol, binge drinking, cannabis, and any other illegal or misused prescription drugs.

Results

The overall nationally representative 2020 sample included 7129 youths (ages 13-17 years), 3628 young adults (ages 18-20 years), and 8874 adults (ages ≥21 years). Comparing 2018 to 2019 with 2020 among youths, prevalence of all substances used declined (eg, cannabis use declined in those aged 16-17 years from 14.9% to 7.6%; absolute difference, −7.3 percentage points [95% CI −8.8 to −5.8 percentage points]). Among young adults, prevalence of all substances other than any alcohol decreased significantly (eg, tobacco use declined from 37.8% to 22.8%; absolute difference, −15.1 percentage points [95% CI −16.8 to −13.3 percentage points]). In adults ages 21 to 24 years, any tobacco use declined from 39.0% to 30.9% (absolute difference, −8.2 percentage points [95% CI, −10.6 to −5.7 percentage points]), and alcohol use increased from 60.2% to 65.2% (absolute difference, 5.0 percentage points [95% CI, 2.3 to 7.7 percentage points]). Among adults aged 25 years or older, any tobacco use declined from 39.0% to 30.9% (absolute difference, −8.2 percentage points [95% CI, −10.6 to −5.7 percentage points]), cannabis use increased from 11.3% to 12.4% (absolute difference, 1.2 percentage points [95% CI, 0.3 to 2.0 percentage points]), and other substance use declined from 5.8% to 3.7% (absolute difference, −2.1 percentage points [95% CI, −2.9 to −1.4 percentage points]).

Conclusions and Relevance

In this cross-sectional study, substance use decreased between 2019 and 2020 among those aged 13 to 20 years; consistent declines were not seen in older persons other than tobacco use reductions, and cannabis use increased among adults ages 25 years and older. While social changes during the COVID-19 pandemic could have affected substance use, findings should be interpreted with caution due to differences in data collection methods in 2016 to 2019 and 2020.
Porous Organic Cage Induced Spontaneous Restructuring of Buried Interface Toward High‐Performance Perovskite Photovoltaic
Authors: Gao Feng , Luo Chao , Wang Xianjin , Zhan Changling , Li Yang , Li Yiming , Meng Qingbo , Yang Miao , Su Kongzhao , Yuan Daqiang , Zhu Rui , Zhao Qing
Published: January 2023

In perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the buried interface containing high concentrations of defects is critical for efficient charge extraction toward high‐performance device. Herein, porous organic cage (POC) is introduced between tin dioxide and perovskite to spontaneously reconstitute the buried interface. Through the chemical linkage formed by polydentate chelation of POC with SnO2 and perovskite, the buried interface achieves greatly reduced defect density and enhanced carrier extraction. More importantly, it is found that iodide ions in aged devices to migrate down to the electron transport layer and even invade the ITO electrode, changing the work function of ITO. This detrimental effect can be well resolved by POC since the host‐guest interaction of POC can effectively suppress the iodide ions trying to migrate downward. As a result, the PSC fabricated by POC‐restructured strategy yields a superior PCE of 24.13%. Moreover, the unencapsulated PSCs exhibit conspicuous improved long‐term stability and retain 93% of its initial efficiency after 5000 h in ambient condition.
Kinetically Accelerating Elementary Steps via Bridged Ru‐H State for the Hydrogen‐Evolution in Anion‐Exchange Membrane Electrolyzer
Authors: Wang Kexin , Cao Junhui , Yang Xiaoxuan , Sang Xiahan , Yao Siyu , Xiang Rong , Yang Bin , Li Zhongjian , O'Carroll Thomas , Zhang Qinghua , Lei Lecheng , Wu Gang , Hou Yang
Published: January 2023

Designing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalysts for facilitating its sluggish adsorption kinetics is crucial in generating green hydrogen via sustainable water electrolysis. Herein, a high‐performance ultra‐low Ruthenium (Ru) catalyst is developed consisting of atomically‐layered Ru nanoclusters with adjacent single Ru sites, which executs a bridging‐Ru‐H activation strategy to kinetically accelerate the HER elementary steps. Owing to its optimal electronic structure and unique adsorption configuration, the hybrid Ru catalyst simultaneously displayed a drastically reduced overpotential of 16 mV at 10 mA cm−2 as well as a low Tafel slope of 35.2 mV dec−1 in alkaline electrolyte. When further coupled with a commercial IrO2 anode catalyst, the ensembled anion‐exchange membrane water electrolyzer achievs a current density of 1.0 A cm−2 at a voltage of only 1.70 Vcell. In situ spectroscopic analysis verified that Ru single atom and atomically‐layered Ru nanoclusters in the hybrid materials play a critical role in facilitating water dissociation and weakening *H adsorption, respectively. Theoretical calculations further elucidate the underlaying mechanism, suggesting that the dissociated proton at the single atom Ru site orients itself adjacently with Ru nanoclusters in a bridged structure through targeted charge transfer, thus promoting Volmer‐Heyrovsky dynamics and boosting the HER activity.
Water as the Only Solvent for CsPbCl3 and NIR‐Emitting CsPbCl3:Yb3+ Films by Antisolvent‐Enhanced Crystallization in Aerosol‐Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition
Authors: Becerril Luis , Balderas Jesús , Hernández Jorge , Rodríguez Bibiana , Alonso Juan , Falcony Ciro
Published: January 2023

CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) perovskites have emerged as promising materials for optoelectronic applications. However, thin film synthesis has essential issues such as chemical stability, toxicity, and processability. In this work, a green synthesis approach using water as the only solvent to deposit CsPbCl3 and CsPbCl3:Yb3+ films by aerosol assisted chemical vapor deposition technique under ambient atmospheric conditions, is proposed. X‐ray diffraction pattern and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis confirm the phase purity and negligible degradation by using water during deposition. Moreover, CsPb2Cl5 secondary phase is detected as a substitution and anchoring doped mechanism response for doped materials. Additionally, green antisolvents (alcohols and propan‐2‐one) are used to assist the crystallization process; all the green antisolvents result in an increased substrate coverage, highlighting those with high boiling points and low heat of combustion that promote heterogeneous nucleation. As‐deposited films show a photoluminescent excitonic emission peak around 418 nm and an additional peak at 984 nm emission band associated with the Yb3+ infrared 2F5/2 to 2F7/2 transitions for doped materials. Near infra‐red photoluminescence emission is notably improved upon antisolvent assistance up to a threefold increase for ethanol, reaching a photoluminescence quantum yield of 33.94% at low Yb3+ concentration.
Cumulative Effects in 100 kHz Repetition‐Rate Laser‐Induced Plasma Filaments in Air
Authors: Wang Tie-Jun , Ebrahim Mehdi H. , Afxenti Ivi , Adamou Dionysis , Dada Adetunmise C. , Li Ruxin , Leng Yuxin , Diels Jean-Claude , Faccio Daniele , Couairon Arnaud , Milián Carles , Clerici Matteo
Published: January 2023

Cumulative effects are crucial for applications of laser filaments, such as for the remote transfer of energy and the control of electric discharges. Up to now, studies of cumulative effects in the air of high‐repetition‐rate pulse trains have been performed at lower rates than 10 kHz. Herein, the nonlinear effects associated with short plasma filaments produced by pulses of moderate energy (0.4 mJ per pulse) and repetition rates up to 100 kHz are experimentally characterized. With increasing repetition rate, a decrease in absorption, fluorescence emission, and breakdown voltage and concurrently an increase in peak intensity and third‐harmonic‐generation efficiency are observed. Hydrodynamic simulations of the heated gas show that the observed decreases are directly related to a quasi‐stationary state of reduced gas density in the filament. However, further investigations are required to fully understand the physics underpinning the observed sharp reduction of the breakdown voltage at 100 kHz repetition rates. The results may prove relevant for energy and information delivery applications by laser‐induced air waveguide or electric discharge and lightning control.
Decoupling Accurate Electrochemical Behaviors for High‐Capacity Electrodes via Reviving Three‐Electrode Vehicles
Authors: Qin Nan , Jin Liming , Xing Guangguang , Wu Qiang , Zheng Junsheng , Zhang Cunman , Chen Zonghai , Zheng Jim P.
Published: January 2023

Developing high‐capacity electrodes requires the evaluation of electrochemical behaviors with an increasing current density. Currently, the current density for evaluation of high‐capacity electrodes has reached a new stage where the polarization at the lithium counter electrode has become a technical barrier for the accurate evaluation of battery electrodes, resulting in severe performance and mechanism mischaracterizations. Here, the accurate electrochemical behavior for high‐capacity electrodes via a single‐channel three‐electrode vehicle is decoupled, by which the impact of lithium counter electrode is minimized. The testing high‐capacity graphite electrode is capable of delivering an excellent rate capability with 81.7% capacity retention at 0.3 C, as well as stable cycling performance retaining 97.5% practical reversible capacity after 225 cycles, much higher than the graphite electrode tested with traditional half‐cell testing vehicle but in close agreement with the results obtained from a well‐matched full cell, reflecting accurate electrochemical performance evaluations of high‐capacity electrodes. Moreover, detailed electrochemical mechanisms of impedance and diffusion properties for working electrodes are also successfully decoupled individually. This work uncovers the mismatch between traditional evaluation configuration and increasing testing current density and provides a guideline for accurate electrochemical evaluation for ever‐increasing high‐capacity electrodes, which is of great significance for high‐energy lithium or other alkali‐metal ion batteries.
Implementation of a pediatric in situ, train‐the‐trainer simulation program in general emergency departments
Authors: Schertzer Kimberly , Wang N. Ewen , Khanna Kajal , Lee Moon O.
Published: January 2023

Background

Most children receive emergency care in general emergency departments (EDs). Pediatric resuscitations require specific equipment and weight‐based dosing that may be less familiar to general ED healthcare professionals. In situ simulation (ISS) improves teamwork and problem solving, and it may identify latent safety threats. This innovative program brought academic faculty to participating hospitals and taught simulation principles in a small‐group environment. This format removed many of the barriers to implementing simulations for general EDs and was intended to teach principles for utilizing simulation to meet unique departmental needs.

Methods

Using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) framework, ED teams at eight hospitals participated in a train‐the‐trainer program from 2016 to 2020 intended to help them implement their own ISSs. Training covered benefits of ISS, use of simulation for identifying latent safety threats, debriefing principles, and potential safety risks of ISS. Faculty also provided on‐site mentoring during the implementation phase. We identified factors and barriers that contributed to the successful adoption of an ISS program.

Results

Most hospitals continued their ISS program after the study ended. Several themes emerged as pearls and pitfalls to implementing a train‐the‐trainer program. Successful teams had strong nursing and physician leadership participation, and team members had positive working relationships with early positive feedback which encouraged future ISS implementation. Barriers to simulation included high staff turnover of nurses and physicians as well as social distancing protocols related to infection control.

Conclusions

Academic EDs can partner with general EDs to implement a train‐the‐trainer simulation program. We describe facilitators and barriers to implementing a train‐the‐trainer ISS program in general EDs to improve emergency care for high‐risk, low‐frequency events.
AI‐Enabled Micro Motion Sensors for Revealing the Random Daily Activities of Caged Mice
Authors: Liu Yifan , Chen Meng , Chan Chishing , Chan Ho-yin , Wang Jianping , Yu Xinge , Li Xinyue , Li Wen Jung
Published: January 2023

More than 120 million mice and rats are used yearly for scientific purposes. While tracking their motion behaviors has been an essential issue for the past decade, present techniques, such as video‐tracking and IMU‐tracking have considerable problems, including requiring a complex setup or relatively large IMU modules that cause stress to the animals. Here, we introduce a wireless IoT motion sensor (i.e., weighing only 2 g) that can be attached and carried by mice to collect motion data continuously for several days. We also introduce a combined segmentation method and an imbalanced learning process that are critical for enabling the recognition of common but random mouse behaviors (i.e., resting, walking, rearing, digging, eating, grooming, drinking water, and scratching) in cages with a macro‐recall of 94.55%. An interactive preprint version of the article can be found at:https://doi.org/10.22541/au.166005321.10787501/v1.
Visible light‐catalyzed living cationic homopolymerization and copolymerization of isobutyl vinyl ether: Characteristics and mechanism
Authors: Feng Xiaohu , Liu Ruofan , Shao Lei , Xu Xinghang , Jin Yushun , Shi Qisong , Wu Yibo
Published: January 2023

On the basis of synthesizing a highly efficient chain‐transfer agent ethyl (1‐isobutoxyethyl) carbonotrithioate(CTA), living cationic polymerization of isobutyl vinyl ether (IBVE) was successfully initiated by visible light catalysis. The random copolymerization of isobutyl vinyl ether and propyl vinyl ether (PVE), cyclohexyl vinyl ether (CyVE), and 2‐chloroethyl vinyl ether (CEVE) was achieved on the basis of investigating the reactivity ratios of vinyl ether monomers. The influence of photocatalyst (PC) concentration and wavelength on the copolymerizations was investigated. It was found that high PC concentration results in a fast polymerization rate. The wavelength of the blue LED was most suitable for this reaction system. This photocatalytic reaction provides a new way for molecular design of cationic polymerization.
The synthesis of triazine‐based conjugated microporous polymers via nucleophilic substitution reactions for fluorescence sensing to o‐nitrophenol
Authors: Wang Kang , Geng Tong‐Mou , Xu Heng
Published: January 2023

O‐nitrophenol (o‐NP) is a toxic substance that pollutes the environment and harms human health. Therefore, the development of materials for the efficient detection of o‐NP has attracted the attention of researchers in recent years. Triazine‐based porous organic materials are a kind of porous polymer materials with broad application prospects because of their physical and chemical stability. In this paper, two triazine‐based conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) containing π‐π conjugated structures, TDAPT and HDAPT, are prepared by nucleophilic substitution reactions with the yields of 89.9% and 67.7%, respectively. Through a series of characterization, it is found that both triazine‐based CMPs have good chemical and thermal stabilities, and high pore properties, and their Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface areas are as high as 1314 and 1315 m2 g−1, respectively. At the same time, the fluorescence sensing abilities of TDAPT and HDAPT are studied. The results show that both TDAPT and HDAPT have high sensitivities to o‐NP, their KSV values are 9.8 × 103 and 9.7 × 103 L mol−1 and limits of detection (LODs) are 7.42 × 10−11 and 8.17 × 10−11 mol L−1, respectively. The fluorescence quenching of TDAPT by o‐NP is only caused by the electron transfer mechanism, while the fluorescence quenching of HDAPT by o‐NP has both the electron transfer mechanism and the energy transfer mechanism.
Garment ageing in a laundry care process under household‐like conditions
Authors: Heller Claudia , Altmann Korinna , Braun Ulrike , Kerndorff Alexander , Bannick Claus Gerhard , Fuchs Monika , Thamsen Paul Uwe
Published: January 2023

This study reflects typical consumer textile washing behaviour while taking into account existing standards in the household appliance and garment industries. Two garments were washed repeatedly with artificial dirt and detergent 30 times. The collected washing water was separated using fractional filtration. Textile physical tests were used to follow property changes of the garments, the microplastic release is determined using thermoextraction/desorbtion–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and the total organic carbon was measured as a sum parameter for the organic bonded carbon. This article shows the importance of a reality‐based approach when investigating microplastics of textile origin in the laundry care process. Deposits of detergent and dirt on the textiles were detected. The total mass of sieve residues was much higher than the release of synthetic polymers. The cotton content of the garments causes a much higher fibre release than synthetic fibres. Both will lead to false results by purely gravimetric analysis because nonpolymer fibres will be included microplastic mass. The results cannot be generalised only by the main polymer type, knowledge of the textile construction must be included for final evaluation.
Controlling Exchange Interactions and Emergent Magnetic Phenomena in Layered 3d‐Orbital Ferromagnets
Authors: Bi Xiangyu , Qiu Caiyu , Qin Feng , Huang Junwei , Yuan Hongtao
Published: January 2023

Layered 3d‐orbital ferromagnet is an ideal research platform to experimentally achieve intrinsic 2D ferromagnetism and theoretically study the quantum nature of magnetic exchange interactions therein. A variety of magnetic phases can emerge from the strongly correlated feature of 3d‐orbital electrons, in which their exchange interactions can be effectively modulated by various kinds of external stimuli. Therefore, controlling the emergent magnetic phenomena of layered 3d‐orbital ferromagnets is significant in both fundamental science and practical applications. Considering the roles of magnetic exchange interactions, this review summarizes recent progress in controlling the emergent magnetic properties of layered 3d‐orbital ferromagnets by systematically introducing modulation methods, underlying mechanisms, and device applications. The existing challenges and future prospects for this research field are also outlined, shedding light on finding optimized magnetic materials, exploring powerful modulation techniques, and designing multifunctional new concept devices.
Solution‐Processed AgSbS2 Thin Films for Photodetection
Authors: Bai Songxue , Li Ruiming , Yang Yujie , Jia Zhenglin , Yu Bin , Liu Yong , Yao Fang , Huang Huiming , Lin Qianqian
Published: January 2023

Ternary chalcogenide, silver antimony sulfide (AgSbS2), has emerged with great potential for optoelectronic applications, thanks to its excellent optical properties, facile processability and superior stability. However, high‐performance AgSbS2‐based photodiodes have not been realized mainly due to the large dark current caused by the poor morphology and device leakage. Here, compact AgSbS2 and porous AgSbS2 thin films are fabricated mainly via modulating the sol–gel processes of the precursors. After optimizing the Ag content and the thermal annealing temperature of the AgSbS2 films, AgSbS2 photodiodes with excellent performance metrics, including low dark current density, decent specific detectivity, and superior stability, are achieved. Furthermore, the optimized AgSbS2‐based photodetectors are also introduced for heart rate detection, which exhibit excellent sensitivity and great potential for real applications.
Hybridized face‐to‐face and online laboratory content in the time of COVID‐19
Authors: Widjaja Michael , Kim Richard Y. , Donovan Chantal
Published: January 2023

This article describes strategies to adapt and ensure equivalency of content coverage for an existing protein assay laboratory practical for concurrent face‐to‐face and online deliveries during COVID‐19 and beyond.
Business group affiliation and corporate sustainability performance in emerging economies: Evidence from South Korea
Authors: Lee Ki‐Hoon , Shin Donghoon , Lee Minwoo
Published: January 2023

Does business group (BG) affiliation enhance corporate sustainability performance (CSP) in emerging economies? This paper focuses on the unique roles of BG affiliation in enhancing CSP amid increasing institutional pressures for more contributions to the society and stakeholders. The empirical evidence on the relationship between BG affiliation and CSP is inconclusive. Although BGs effectively insulate their affiliate firms from external shocks and pressures by internalizing various resources, they are vulnerable to institutional pressures for enhanced CSP. We argue that BG affiliates tend to have higher CSP than their non‐affiliated counterparts because their unique roles and history of BG development in emerging economies exert stronger institutional pressures on them. However, affiliate centrality and foreign ownership reduce the positive effect of BG affiliation on CSP in emerging economies because BG firms can exercise agency in response to institutional pressures.
Escherichia coli aceE variants coding pyruvate dehydrogenase improve the generation of pyruvate‐derived acetoin
Authors: Moxley W. Chris , Brown Rachel E. , Eiteman Mark A.
Published: January 2023

Several chromosomally expressed AceE variants were constructed in Escherichia coli ΔldhA ΔpoxB ΔppsA and compared using glucose as the sole carbon source. These variants were examined in shake flask cultures for growth rate, pyruvate accumulation, and acetoin production via heterologous expression of the budA and budB genes from Enterobacter cloacae ssp. dissolvens. The best acetoin‐producing strains were subsequently studied in controlled batch culture at the one‐liter scale. PDH variant strains attained up to four‐fold greater acetoin than the strain expressing the wild‐type PDH. In a repeated batch process, the H106V PDH variant strain attained over 43 g/L of pyruvate‐derived products, acetoin (38.5 g/L) and 2R,3R‐butanediol (5.0 g/L), corresponding to an effective concentration of 59 g/L considering the dilution. The acetoin yield from glucose was 0.29 g/g with a volumetric productivity of 0.9 g/L·h (0.34 g/g and 1.0 g/L·h total products). The results demonstrate a new tool in pathway engineering, the modification of a key metabolic enzyme to improve the formation of a product via a kinetically slow, introduced pathway. Direct modification of the pathway enzyme offers an alternative to promoter engineering in cases where the promoter is involved in a complex regulatory network.
Production of Nickel‐Rich Cathodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries from Lab to Pilot Scale under Investigation of the Process Atmosphere
Authors: Heck Carina A. , Huttner Fabienne , Mayer Julian K. , Fromm Olga , Börner Markus , Heckmann Thilo , Scharfer Philip , Schabel Wilhelm , Winter Martin , Kwade Arno
Published: January 2023

The selection of an appropriate cathode active material is important for operation performance and production of high‐performance lithium‐ion batteries. Promising candidates are nickel‐rich layered oxides like LiNixCoyMnzO2 (NCM, x+y+z=1) with nickel contents of ‘x’  0.8, characterized by high electrode potential and specific capacity. However, these materials are associated with capacity fading due to their high sensitivity to moisture. Herein, two different polycrystalline NCM materials with nickel contents of 0.81  ‘x’  0.83 and protective surface coatings are processed in dry‐room atmosphere (dew point of supply air TD ≈ −65 °C) at lab scale including the slurry preparation and coating procedure. In comparison, cathodes are produced in ambient atmosphere and both variants are tested in coin cells. Moreover, processing at pilot scale in ambient atmosphere is realized successfully by continuous coating and drying of the cathodes. Relevant electrode properties such as adhesion strength, specific electrical resistance, and pore‐size distribution for the individual process steps are determined, as well as the moisture uptake during calendering. Furthermore, rate capability and cycling stability are investigated in pouch cells, wherein initial specific discharge capacities of up to 190 mAh g−1 (with regard to the cathode material mass) are achieved at 0.2C.
Recent Developments in the Field of Sulfide Ceramic Solid‐State Electrolytes
Authors: Kraytsberg Alexander , Ein-Eli Yair
Published: January 2023

The demand for higher energy density and safety leads to replacement of conventional Li+ batteries for all‐solid‐state lithium‐ion batteries (ASSLIB). A Li+ conductivity comparable with those of liquid electrolytes is sine qua non for commercialization of ASSLIB, and sulfide solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) demonstrate this feature. However, the interfacial SSE decomposition at electrodes/electrolyte interfaces and Li‐dendrite growth at anodes represent a serious barrier for commercialization of ASSLIBs with SSEs. Herein, an overview on the progress made in this arena is provided and the state of the art and the latest development of SSE with high Li+ ‐conductivity are included, and the progress in engineering of the SSE/electrode interfaces, along with the vision of the perspectives on research in the field, is presented.
The effect of ice cover on velocity and shear stress in a riffle‐pool sequence
Authors: Smith Karine , Cockburn Jaclyn , Villard Paul V.
Published: January 2023

Discharge and channel geometry control velocity and bed shear stress within a reach. Channel roughness (e.g., riffles, pools) and ice cover in winter moderates velocity and shear stress at the bed. This study evaluated velocity profiles across a channel segment with variable bed roughness (e.g., riffles, pools) to determine changes in the position of maximum velocity, maximum velocity magnitude, and resulting bed shear stress estimates when ice cover was present. Using acoustic doppler velocimeter (ADV) and acoustic doppler current profiler (ADCP) high resolution velocity profiles were collected during ice cover, open water, and open water with significant increases in vegetation cover through a riffle‐pool sequence in a low‐order channel in southern Ontario Canada in the first half of 2021. Key findings were that in five of the seven cross‐sections, flow direction was significantly different when ice was present. Additionally, maximum velocities were closer to the bed during ice cover, a common finding in modelling and experimental work, and is confirmed in this field setting. Although maximum velocity magnitudes were not significantly different, derived bed shear stress values under ice were larger. Specifically, under ice conditions, riffle bed shear stress ranged 0–16 N/m2 compared to 0–9 N/m2 in ice free conditions. In the pool, bed shear stress ranged 0–6 N/m2 under ice cover, and 0–5 N/m2 in ice free conditions. Further, as flow levels increased through the spring and summer, this coincided with increased in‐stream vegetation cover, which decreased flow velocities near the bed, and thus decreased bed shear stresses to less than 1 N/m2 in both the riffle and pool sections. The findings indicate that channel evolution processes may be more intense during lower‐stage winter flows when ice is present and has significant implications for channel design, restoration and management strategies used in small channels impacted by ice cover.
A hybrid deep neural network‐based automated diagnosis system using x‐ray images and clinical findings
Authors: Aydogan Murat
Published: January 2023

Image‐based computer‐aided diagnosis systems are frequently utilized to detect vital disorders. These systems consist of methods based on machine learning and work on data obtained from imaging technologies such as x‐rays, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography. In addition to image data, clinical findings usually consist of text data that have a critical role in diagnosing diseases. In this study, an effective classification approach that can automatically detect diseases using a deep learning algorithm is proposed. A clinically usable deep machine‐learning model is presented with an approach based on the hybrid use of image processing and text processing methods. Although image‐processing techniques are used frequently in the literature by using images, text processing techniques are not often used in this field. The proposed method was evaluated on a dataset consisting of x‐ray images of subjects with and without Covid‐19 disease and their clinical notes. When the dataset was classified using image processing and text processing techniques accuracy values were obtained as 90.9% and 92.0% respectively. With the hybrid approach proposed in this study, the classification performance was increased and an accuracy value of 93.5% was obtained.
Food and drug industry applications of microalgae Spirulina platensis: A review
Authors: Maddiboyina Balaji , Vanamamalai Hari Krishna , Roy Harekrishna , Ramaiah  , Gandhi Sivaraman , Kavisri M. , Moovendhan Meivelu
Published: January 2023

Spirulina platensis is a photosynthetic, blue‐green, spiral‐ or bulb‐shaped microalgae. Due to the presence of minerals, vitamins, pigments (carotenes, phycocyanin and chlorophyll) proteins (55%–70%), carbohydrates (15%–25%), and essential fatty acids (5%–8%), it has been used as a nutritional supplement for decades. NASA successfully employed it as a nutritional supplement for astronauts on space missions then its popularity was increased. The chemical composition of Spirulina, which is rich in vitamins, minerals, phenolics, vital fatty acids, amino acids, and pigments, can be beneficial to human health when incorporated into meals. The pharmacological effects include antibacterial, anticancer, metalloprotective, immune‐stimulating, and antioxidant. It modulates immunological activities and possesses anti‐inflammatory qualities by preventing mast cells from releasing histamine. Due to its high quantity of protein, carbohydrate, lipid, vital amino and fatty acids, dietary minerals and vitamins, Spirulina exerts the abovementioned benefits. In this review, up‐to‐date and possible biological aspects, patents applied on Spirulina and heights of confirmation are addressed, and the extent of current and future exploration is also explored.