bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pelatihan Strategi Mempelajari Bisnis Tata Rias Make Up Artis bagi Ibu-Ibu PKK RW. 06 Kecamatan Marpoyan Damai Pekanbaru
Authors: Joesyiana Kiki , Hasan Sawqi Saad El , Prihastuti Asepma Hygi , Haryadi Rofiq Noorman , Suratminingsih Suratminingsih
Published: May 2023

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pelatihan keterampilan Tata Rias Make Up Artis (MUA) beserta cara memulai bisnisnya untuk mendorong jiwa wirausaha ibu-ibu rumah tangga dan untuk melihat minat ibu-ibu rumah tangga terhadap pelatihan Tata Rias Make Up Artis (MUA) ini. Metode pengabdian ini menggunakan metode ceramah, demostrasi langsung, dan tanya jawab. Metode ceramah digunakan untuk menyampaikan pengetahuan secara umum tentang bisnis make up artis, yaitu meliputi apa itu make up artis, manfaat make up artis, dan cara memulai bisnis make up artis. Metode demostrasi langsung digunakan untuk memberikan keterampilan langsung kepada peserta tentang tata cara make up dari ahlinya, yaitu pemateri yamg memiliki bisnis make up baik untuk pengantin maupun untuk acara-acara tertentu yang telah memiliki banyak pengalaman. Diambil beberapa peserta dengan warna kulit, jenis kulit dan bentuk wajah yang berbeda untuk langsung dimake up, mulai dari make up dasar sampai finishing. Serta metode tanya jawab digunakan untuk melengkapi hal-hal yang belum terakomodasi oleh metode diatas. Pelatihan keterampilan ini melibatkan Pelaku Bisnis Make Up Artis Pekanbaru Juan Bantari dan Dosen Program Studi Manajemen dan Akuntansi yang bekerjasama dengan Ibu-ibu PKK pada RW 06, Kelurahan Sidomulyo Timur, Kecamatan Marpoyan Damai sebagai mitra
Characterizations of Belligerent Interior GE-Filters in GE-Algebras
Authors: Romano Daniel A. , Bandaru Ravikumar , Song Seok-Zun , Jun Young Bae
Published: June 2023

The notion of GE-algebra is introduced by Bandaru et al. as a generalization of Hilbert algebra. The consept of interior GE-algebra is introduced by Lee et al., and related properties are investigated. GE-filter study at GE-algebra using interior operator was conducted by Song et al. In this paper, various properties that belligerent interior GE-filter could perform were explored, and necessary conditions have been established for interior GE-filter to turn into belligerent interior GE-filter. As a result, the characterization of belligerent interior GE-filter was established.
Indoor Climate Prediction Using Attention-Based Sequence-to-Sequence Neural Network
Authors: Eka Setiawan Karli , Elwirehardja Gregorius N. , Pardamean Bens
Published: May 2023

The Solar Dryer Dome (SDD), a solar-powered agronomic facility for drying, retaining, and processing comestible commodities, needs smart systems for optimizing its energy consumption. Therefore, indoor condition variables such as temperature and relative humidity need to be forecasted so that actuators can be scheduled, as the largest energy usage originates from actuator activities such as heaters for increasing indoor temperature and dehumidifiers for maintaining optimal indoor humidity. To build such forecasting systems, prediction models based on deep learning for sequence-to-sequence cases were developed in this research, which may bring future benefits for assisting the SDDs and greenhouses in reducing energy consumption. This research experimented with the complex publicly available indoor climate dataset, the Room Climate dataset, which can be represented as environmental conditions inside an SDD. The main contribution of this research was the implementation of the Luong attention mechanism, which is commonly applied in Natural Language Processing (NLP) research, in time series prediction research by proposing two models with the Luong attention-based sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) architecture with GRU and LSTM as encoder and decoder layers. The proposed models outperformed the adapted LSTM and GRU baseline models. The implementation of Luong attention had been proven capable of increasing the accuracy of the seq2seq LSTM model by reducing its test MAE by 0.00847 and RMSE by 0.00962 on average for predicting indoor temperature, as well as decreasing 0.068046 MAE and 0.095535 RMSE for predicting indoor humidity. The application of Luong's attention also improved the accuracy of the seq2seq GRU model by reducing the error by 0.01163 in MAE and 0.021996 in RMSE for indoor humidity. However, the implementation of Luong attention in seq2seq GRU for predicting indoor temperature showed inconsistent results by reducing approximately 0.003193 MAE and increasing roughly 0.01049 RMSE. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-05-06 Full Text: PDF
AN EFFICIENT OPTIMIZED MPPT FOR PV SYSTEM UNDER EXTREMELY FAST CHANGING IRRADIANCE – HYBRID HONEY BADGER OPTIMIZER
Authors: B. Lakshanya Sri , V. Mohan , S. Senthilkumar
Published: May 2023

In closing a long time, renewable power means have entered lesser hobbyhorse as the choice for of strength is growing. Solar power is truly the maximum functional salutary useful resource in the fineness of renewable powers as it's long hauls to be had transnational. Solar energy can be converted into energy in approaches; via CSP energy factory life or Photovoltaic structures. The solar energy is converted to lukewarmness and also this energy is converted to energy in CSP energy shops. Still, this revision of power can be finished in an unattached- step system by the use of sun panels and PV period. This generation is fantastically trusted sun irradiance and temperature. For every particular 2d, there can be a maximum electricity aspect (MPP) and its charge is reckoned on irradiance and temperature. The conventional strategies cannot perform sufficiently. Metaheuristic optimization algorithms may be used to song MPP in every normal circumstance and partial shading script. The pivotal gain of the use of them is that they will be speedy in operation, and they don't trap in near optimums. This oil uses Honey Badger Optimization set of rules in Maximum Power Tracking (MPPT) in PV systems.
Implementation of Pop-Up Book Media: Potential Implication on Mathematics and Science Learning Outcomes
Authors: Akina Akina , Paeri Dian Nitami Rukmana , Mufidah Mufidah , Nuraini Nuraini
Published: June 2023

Mathematics is important to the broader implications for science education, as science and mathematics are inherently interconnected. The use of interactive and engaging media such as pop-up books can be a valuable tool for teaching natural science concepts and improving student learning outcomes. This study aims to improve students' mathematics learning outcomes through the implementation of pop-up media during the learning process. The current study also describes potential implication of the result to the natural science learning. This research is classroom action research (CAR). This research was conducted at SD Inpres Baru with 16 third grade students as subjects for two cycles. Research data were analyzed descriptively-quantitatively. Data on student learning outcomes were collected using multiple-choice tests. In addition, observation sheets are also used to collect data on teacher and student activities. The results of the research in cycle I showed that the average student score reached 68.87 with classical completeness reaching 43.75%, while the results of observations of teacher activity (68%) and students (69%) were in the sufficient category. In cycle II, the average student score increased to 87 with classical completeness reaching 87.5%. There were better teacher (89%, good category) and student (91%, very good category) activity compared to the results in cycle I. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the implementation of Pop-up Book learning media in learning mathematics can improve students' learning outcomes on flat shape material. The result can be applied to natural science teaching as well, where teachers need to be more active and effective in guiding students in experiments and demonstrations, and ensure that students are actively participating in the learning process.
Weakness of Character Education in Indonesian Teenager
Authors: Suryanto Adi , Saliman Saliman , Sudrajat Sudrajat
Published: June 2023

Natural Science plays an important role in developing student character to form superior and noble human resources. This study aims to identify the weaknesses of character education for adolescents in Indonesia.The components that are the focus of evaluating character education learning consist of character education program policies in schools, lesson planning, learning implementation, monitoring and results of implementing character education learning. The research samples were 309 students, 306 parents, and 40 teachers. Data collection techniques using questionnaires and documentation. The collected data will be analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results of the study show that schools have implemented character education in a good category in accordance with the character education policies set by the government. 53%-75% of teachers are in good standing. Parents and students have the same perception of the implementation of character education in schools that character education can be implemented properly in schools. Character education has been running but not optimal, there are still several aspects that need to be addressed such as the preparation of lesson plans for mathematics, science, Indonesia language, and social studies as well as mentoring the implementation of character education. The teacher's ability to integrate character values ​​into lesson plans needs to be improved. Recommendation: Character education should be continued by increasing teacher commitment and performance
USING THE SAVI LEARNING MODEL BASED ON GOOGLE CLASSROOM MEDIA TO IMPROVE STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES IN SOCIOLOGY IN CLASS XI IPS 2 SMAN 2 SELONG
Authors: Asri Rizian , Suryanti Ni Made Novi , Nursaptini Nursaptini
Published: June 2023

Sociology is one of the subjects taught at the high school level which currently uses the 2013 curriculum, in implementing the 2013 curriculum a model and a media are needed whose learning is student-centered so that students are required to be active and innovative in learning, but in the implementation of the national curriculum in class XI IPS 2 SMAN 2 SELONG students are still fine it is difficult to play an active role in learning so that student learning outcomes are low, this is because the learning models and media used are still traditional. Low student learning outcomes are the background for this research. The purpose of this study is to improve student learning outcomes in class XI IPS 2 SMAN 2 SELONG. This research was conducted in 2 cycles as a class action research project. The data in this study were collected by observing, reflecting, learning achievement tests, and documentation. The results of this study showed that the percentage of learning implementation was 66.6% and the percentage of student learning outcomes was 66.6% in chicle I, then there was an increase after the implementation of cycle II with the percentage of learning implementation being 90.4% and the percentage of student learning outcomes being 84.8%.
META-SYNTHESIS: TRI HITA KARANA A PHILOSOPHY OF HARNESS AND LIFE HARMONY
Authors: Ermiana Ida , Sutajaya I Made , Suja I Wayan , Fauzi Asri
Published: June 2023

Harmony in the life of the state, society and family really needs to be nurtured and preserved from an early age. Harmony is not only in religion, but in all things in life. Considering that the Indonesian state consists of many religions (six religions and belief systems), many islands, many customs, many languages and many tribes in it. Harmony is a peaceful and peaceful life in living a social life of mutual tolerance between people with one another, both of the same religion or different religions, so as to create harmony in life. The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of Tri Hita Kirana in the world of work, education and socio-cultural society. Meta-synthesis as a qualitative systematic review method with a meta-aggregation approach is the method of choice for this research. There are ten Tri Hita Karana articles reviewed. Tri Hita Karana as a philosophy of view of life that can be used as a philosophical foundation for living in harmony, creating a harmonious relationship with God, harmonious human-human relations, and human-human relations with the universe. If harmony has been created starting from the smallest scope, namely family, society and country, then tolerance and harmony in life will create happiness on earth. Tri Hita Karana can be implemented in the world of work, education and socio-cultural.
Understanding RNG Gas Quality through Execution at Newtown Creek WRRF RNG
Authors: Pradheep Kileti , Brian Barkwill , Devinder Mahajan
Published: June 2023

With each passing year a new record for global emissions is set (1) and policymakers and utility companies must embrace all avenues for decarbonization of energy. Universal adoption of electrification for every building and home by 2050 (2) is not practical, a balance must be struck between an equitable transition to cleaner energy supplies and ensuring uninterrupted, safe delivery of energy to utility customers. Renewable Natual Gas (RNG) is a molecule-for-molecule replacement of traditional geological natural gas with tangible life cycle emissions reductions. California continues to lead the way, initially starting with the low carbon fuel standard (LCFS) which aimed to reduce the carbon intensity of transportation fuel, and subsequently, Senate Bill 1440, which established RNG procurement goals including 12% RNG by 2030 (3). Other States are starting to adopt similar changes such as Oregon’s Senate Bill 98 and Colorado’s Senate Bill 21-264. As utilities attempt to transition the energy network, they must never compromise system safety and reliability. Recognizing that raw biogas has dangerous levels of contaminants of concern (COC) and must be conditioned to pipeline quality, its important utility companies better understand the methods with which methane is extracted and the testing protocols used to confirm performance. This paper highlights the equipment, processes, and testing regime National Grid and its partner the New York City Department of Environmental Protection (NYC DEP) deployed as part of its Newtown Creek RNG project, which successfully began injecting RNG into the NYC gas distribution network in October 2022.
Pengaruh Motivasi dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan
Authors: Farisi Salman , Irnawati Juli , Fahmi Muhammad
Published: May 2023

To achieve company goals, human resource management which has the potential to affect the performance of employees which will ultimately affect the performance of the company. To be able to show the performance of the employees PT. Perkebunan Nusantara V (Persero) Kebun Tanah Putih at Riau Province, the company is required to uphold the motivation and work discipline of the employees. The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the influence of motivation and work discipline on the performance of employees of PT. Perkebunan Nusantara V (Persero)  Kebun Tanah Putih Provinsi Riau. The population in this study were all employees of PT. Perkebunan Nusantara V (Persero)  Kebun Tanah Putih at Riau Province, amounting to 162 people. While the sample in this study was 62 employees distributed in each section. Data analysis techniques using multiple linear regression. The results showed that simultaneously motivation and work discipline variables had a positive and not significant effect on the performance of employees of PT. Perkebunan Nusantara V (Persero) Kebun Tanah Putih at Riau Province. Based on the partial test it is known that motivation has a positive and significant effect on the performance of employees of PT. Perkebunan Nusantara V (Persero) Kebun Tanah Putih Riau Province, while work discipline has a positive and not significant effect on the performance of the employees of PT. Perkebunan Nusantara V (Persero) Kebun Tanah Putih at Riau Province.
Pengaruh Disiplin Kerja Dan Kompensasi Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan
Authors: Azhar Muhammad Elfi , Nurdin Deissya Utami , Siswadi Yudi
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the effect of work discipline on job satisfaction, to know and analyze the effect of compensation on job satisfaction and to find out and analyze the effect of work discipline and compensation on employee job satisfaction at PT. Mitra Abadi Setiacargo - Medan. The approach used in this research is an associative approach. The population in this study were all employees of PT. Mitra Abadi Setiacargo - Medan, amounting to 34 people using a saturated sample so that all members of the population are sampled. Data collection techniques in this study used a questionnaire technique. Data analysis techniques in this study used the Classic Assumption Test, Multiple Regression, t Test, F Test and Determination Coefficient. Partially known work discipline variables have a positive and significant influence on job satisfaction of employees of PT. Mitra Abadi Setiacargo - Medan. Partially known compensation variable has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction of employees of PT. Mitra Abadi Setiacargo- Medan. Simultaneously it is known that work discipline and compensation have a positive and significant influence on job satisfaction of employees of PT. Mitra Abadi Setiacargo. The coefficient of determination is 0.887 or 88.7%. This shows 88.7% of the variables of work discipline and compensation contribute to job satisfaction. The remaining 11.3% is influenced by other factors not examined.
Pengaruh Disiplin Kerja Dan Pelatihan Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Dengan Budaya Organisasi Sebagai Variabel Moderasi Pada Rumah Sakit Milik Pemerintah di Kota Medan
Authors: Yusnandar Willy , Nefri Roydi , Siregar Safi'i
Published: May 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of work discipline on employee performance in state-owned hospitals in Medan. To determine the effect of training on employee performance at government-owned hospitals in Medan. To determine the effect of organizational culture on employee performance in government-owned hospitals in Medan. To determine the effect of organizational culture moderating work discipline on employee performance in government-owned hospitals in Medan. To determine the effect of organizational culture moderating training on employee performance in government-owned hospitals in Medan. In this study the object of study was permanent employees at a government-owned hospital in Medan with a sample of 75 people. The study in this case conducted a sampling technique because the total population was used as the number of samples so this study was a sample study. Data collection techniques in this study is to use a questionnaire (Questionnaire). While the data analysis technique used is to test classical assumptions, multiple linear regression, hypothesis, coefficient of determination and moderation.
Pengaruh Keterlibatan Kerja Dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Komitmen Organisasi Pegawai
Authors: Tanjung Hasrudy
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh keterlibatan kerja dan kepuasan kerja terhadap komitmen organisasi pegawai pada Dinas Ketenagakerjaan, Koperasi dan Usaha Mikro Kabupaten Serdang bedagai. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan eksplanatori. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pegawai Dinas Ketenagakerjaan, Koperasi dan Usaha Mikro Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai yang berjumlah 32 orang. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan sensus/sampling total. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 32 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu dengan memperoleh data yang diperoleh dari wawancara dan kuesioner/angket. Teknik analisis data menggunakan regresi linier berganda, uji asumsi klasik, uji t, uji f, dan koefisien determinasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial keterlibatan kerja berpengaruh terhadap komitmen organisasi, secara parsial kepuasan kerja berpengaruh terhadap komitmen organisasi dan secara simultan keterlibatan kerja dan kepuasan kerja berpengaruh terhadap komitmen organisasi
SIFIRDAN AKILLI BİR KENT YARATMAK ÜTOPYA MI? DİSTOPYA MI?
Authors: KEMEÇ Abidin
Published: May 2023

Son yıllarda kentlerde ortaya çıkan mekansal, çevresel, ekonomik, kültürel ve sosyal sorunlarda kamu yöneticilerinin süreci yürütme biçimi sıklıkla sorgulanmaktadır. Yukarıdan aşağıya yönetim yaklaşımlarına yönelik eleştiriler artmakta katılım sürecinin kurgusunun başarısız bir şekilde yürütüldüğü yaklaşımlar sorgulanmaktadır. Kentsel alan ve nüfus artışının farkında olan ve bu olguyu lehine çeviren yöneticiler ise başarılı sayılmaktadır. Kamu yöneticileri veya şirketler, kentlerin sosyal, kültürel, mekansal ve ekonomik rekabet düzeyini artırabilmek için farklı arayışlara girmektedir. Bu arayışlardan bir tanesi de sıfırdan bir kent inşa etmektir. Çalışmada nitel araştırma desenlerinden biri olan örnek durum incelemesi (case study) metodolojisi seçilmiştir. Çalışma, Güney Kore’den Songdo, Kanada’dan Sidewalk Labs, Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri’nden (BAE) Masdar, Portekiz’den PlanIT Valley, Çin ve Singapur’dan Tianjin ve Kuveyt’ten XZero City dahil altı projenin ortaya çıkışı, yenilikçi çözümleri ve proje çıktıları üzerinden kapsamlı bir şekilde değerlendirilmesi üzerine kurgulanmıştır. Ayrıca, kentlerin rekabet gücünü yükseltmede bir araç olarak görülen uygulamaların ortaya çıkardığı endişelere ve sorunlara vurgu yapılarak değerlendirmeler sunulmuştur. İncelenen örneklerden yola çıkarak genel olarak ütopik hayallerle sıfırdan yaratılan kentler uygulamada distopyaya dönüşmektedir.
D-Shaped Photonic Crystal Fiber Toxic Metal Ions (Arsenic) Sensor Based on Surface Plasmon Resonance
Authors: Mohammed Jassam Ghufran , Salman Ahmed Soudad
Published: June 2023

In this work, a Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) sensor based on the Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) technology was proposed. A thin layer of gold (Au) was deposited on a D-shaped Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF), which was coated with plasmonic chemically stable gold material with a thickness of 40nm. The performance parameters like sensitivity including wavelength sensitivity and amplitude sensitivity and resolution were evaluated by simulation using COMSOL software. The proposed sensor was created by using the finite element approach, it is numerically examined. The results show that the surface of D-shaped Photonic Crystal Fiber coated with Au behaves as a sensor to detect the refractive index (IR) of toxic metal ions. The impacts of the structural characteristics on the resonant spectra are also researched in order to improve sensing performance. The greatest amplitude sensitivity  was 99.2 RIU-1 and maximum resolution was 4 x 10-5 RIU achieved within the detection range (1.351-1.363).
Spontaneous Vitiligo in a Captive Rhesus Monkey (Macaca Mulatta)
Authors: Meireles Bárbara CS , Goldschmidt Beatriz , Lopes Cláudia A , Demarque Kelly C , Leal Gabriel M , Magalhães Mariana S , Souza Milena B , Cruz Ricardo S
Published: June 2023

Vitiligo affects a significant portion of human and animal populations. The disease causes irregular and multifocal progressive loss of fur, skin, and mucous membrane pigmentation due to the loss or absence of melanocytes. While etiopathogenesis is not completely understood, autoimmunity,
environmental, and genetic factors are implicated We present a case report on a 16-y-old female rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta ) with depigmented areas that are progressively increasing on the skin and coat and are distributed on the head and back. Histopathology revealed alterations
compatible with vitiligo characterized by the absence of melanocytes in the epidermis and dermis. The clinical history and complementary exams support this diagnosis.
GAYA BAHASA SINDIRAN DALAM KUMPULAN CERPEN LELUCON PARA KORUPTOR KARYA AGUS NOOR DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Khaerani Sashi , Sumadyo Bambang , Anam Ahmad Khoiril
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gaya bahasa sindiran dalam kumpulan cerpen Lelucon Para Koruptor karya Agus Noor dan implikasinya terhadap pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik analisis isi. Dalam penelitian ini penulis mengambil data berdasarkan penggunaan gaya bahasa sindiran dalam kumpulan cerpen Lelucon Para Koruptor menggunakan metode deskripsi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya gaya bahasa sindiran yang terbagi menjadi lima jenis, yaitu gaya bahasa sarkasme sejumlah 13 data (10,74%), gaya bahasa sinisme sejumlah 29 (23,97%), gaya bahasa ironi sejumlah 33 (27,27%), gaya bahasa satire sejumlah 25 (20,67%), gaya bahasa innuendo sejumlah 21 (17,35%). Setelah penulis menganalisis gaya bahasa sindiran dalam kumpulan cerpen Lelucon Para Koruptor karya Agus Noor, penulis menarik simpulan bahwa gaya bahasa sindiran yang memiliki jumlah paling banyak adalah gaya bahasa ironi
The Effect of Rubber Crumbs on Marshall Properties for Warm Mix Asphalt
Authors: Al-Fayyadh Zahraa T. , Hasan M. Al-Mosawe
Published: June 2023

A new pavement technology has been developed in Highway engineering: asphalt pavement production is less susceptible to oxidation and the consequent damages. The warm mix asphalt (WMA) is produced at a temperature of about (10-40) oC lower than the hot asphalt paving. This is done using one of the methods of producing a WMA. Although WMA's performance is rather good, according to previous studies, as it is less susceptible to oxidation, it is possible to modify some of its properties using different materials, including polymers. Waste tires of vehicles are one of the types of polymers because of their flexible properties. The production of HMA, WMA, and WMA modified with proportions of (1, 1.5, and 2%) of rubber crumbs by the dry method are accomplished in this work. Marshall Test and volumetric properties determination are performed to evaluate its performance. The results showed that using 1% of rubber crumbs as a replacement for fine aggregate in the warm asphalt mixture produced the best properties of the WMA compared to the conventional WMA.
HYPOTHESIS STABILITY TESTING FOR THE VALIDATION OF STATISTICAL MODELS
Authors: Rovetta Alessandro
Published: May 2023

[NO ABSTRACT AVAILABLE]
The Role of Nutrition in Preventing and Managing Obesity
Authors: berkat wahaj
Published: May 2023

The Role of Nutrition in Preventing and Managing Obesity
Analisis LDR dan NPL Pada PT. Bank Nagari Cabang Lubuk Gadang
Authors: Saputri Fauziah Dwi , Putra Yosep Eka
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study is to measure the financial health of Bank Nagari Lubuk Gadang Branch by using the ratio of LDR and NPL. This study uses quantitative data analysis methods, namely analyzing calculations obtained from the financial statements of PT. Bank Nagari Lubuk Gadang Branch in 2019-2021. Based on the results of the analysis that has been carried out, it can be seen that the Loan To Deposit Ratio (LDR) of Bank Nagari Lubuk Gadang Branch in 2019 was 184%, in 2020 it was 187% and in 2021 it was 157%. This means that LDR PT. Bank Nagari Lubuk Gadang Branch for the last three years has been considered unhealthy. Where the Loan To Deposit Ratio (LDR) based on standard criteria of Bank Indonesia > 120% is declared unhealthy. And Non Performing Loans (NPL) at Bank Nagari Lubuk Gadang Branch in 2019 was 0.18%, in 2020 it was 0.28% and in 2021 it was 0.26%. This means that the NPL of PT. Bank Nagari Lubuk Gadang Branch for the last three years has been considered healthy. Where Non- Performing Loans (NPL) based on standard criteria of Bank Indonesia <5% are declared healthy.
Addressing the “Why” in White privilege: The limits of mere evidence confrontations and the potential of contextualizing White privilege in national colonial history
Authors: Eckerle Frank , Lienen Carmen Sarah , Kutlaca Maja , Kotzur Patrick Ferdinand , Cohrs Christopher
Published: May 2023

Past studies found that when confronted with evidence of White privilege, White individuals claim life hardships to distance themselves from it. However, these effects were only barely significant, and samples were predominantly from the US, which is a unique context for White privilege. Merely presenting evidence of White privilege also overlooks its socio-historical embedding in colonialism. Drawing from collective memory research, we expected that contextualizing White privilege in national colonial history will trigger moral concerns. None of three experiments with White Germans (N = 646) replicated the effect on life hardships. Instead, the contextualized confrontation activated moral motives for social justice among White German students and White Germans with a migration background. We highlight the need for theoretical models that explicitly consider how cultural contexts shape reactions to White privilege even among "Western" nations. We discuss the social change potential of framing White privilege as a systemic rather than individualized issue.
Memory precision and age differentially predict the use of decision-making strategies across the lifespan.
Authors: Noh Sharon Mina , Singla Umesh Kumar , Bennett Ilana J. , Bornstein Aaron
Published: June 2023

Memory function declines in normal aging, in a relatively continuous fashion following middle-age. The effect of aging on decision-making is less well-understood, with seemingly conflicting results on both the nature and direction of these age effects. One route for clarifying these mixed findings is to understand how age-related differences in memory affect decisions. Recent work has proposed memory sampling as a specific computational role for memory in decision-making, alongside well-studied mechanisms of reinforcement learning (RL). Here, we tested the hypothesis that age-related declines in episodic memory alter memory sampling. Participants (total N=361; ages 18-77) performed one of two variants of a standard reward-guided decision experiment with additional trial-unique mnemonic content and a separately-administered task for assessing memory precision. When we fit participants’ choices with a hybrid computational model implementing both memory-based and RL-driven valuation side-by-side, we found that memory precision tracked the contribution of memory sampling to choice. At the same time, age corresponded to decreasing influence of RL and increasing perseveration. A second experiment confirmed these results and further revealed that memory precision tracked the content of sampled memories. Together, these findings suggest that differences in decision-making across the lifespan may be related to memory function, and that interventions which aim to improve the former may benefit from targeting the latter.
Comparison of CD3 and CD8 immunoscoring with histological grade of the tumor in urothelial carcinoma of bladder
Authors: Sneha M  , Radhika Krishna OH  , Sri Lakshmi Gollapalli  , Vani Padmaja GJ
Published: June 2023

Background: Inflammatory response within transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) bladder is known to be predictive of tumor prognosis. Lower scores are associated with worser outcome and vice versa. Simpler and cost-effective methods of immunoscoring using immunohistochemistry (IHC) have been described. This study uses two easily available T-cell markers CD3 and CD8 and compares their immunoscore with tumor grade and understands the association.
Aims and Objectives: The aims of this study were as follows: (1) To perform immunoscoring for cytotoxic T lymphocytes -CD3+ and CD8+ lymphocytes in urothelial carcinoma and (2) to correlate the immunoscore with tumor grade and calculate its significance in predicting prognosis.
Materials and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study of 2 years duration from October 2018 to October 2020 was conducted at a tertiary level super specialty government institution. All the transurethral resection of bladder tissue biopsies reported as urothelial malignancies during the study period were included in the research. The tumors were graded histologically into high grade and low grade on histology based on the World Health Organization 2016 classification of Urothelial Carcinomas/International Society of Urological Pathology grading system. They were then subject to IHC with two T-cell markers CD3 and CD8 and immunoscoring was done using the method described by Galon.
Results: A total of 42 cases of urothelial malignancies were diagnosed during the study period. Cases with higher tumor grade were 25 and lower tumor grade were 17. The association between the lower immunoscore and higher tumor grade was statistically significant.
Conclusion: Immunoscoring is a useful adjunct to the routine histological evaluation of TCC. Easily available T-cell markers can be used as simple easy and cost-effective method for immunoscoring.
Clinical spectrum and laboratory profile of scrub typhus in children: A study from tertiary care hospital in Uttarakhand, Northern India
Authors: Bhandari Bharti , Nitesh  , Malik Sunil , Singh Ragini
Published: June 2023

Background: Scrub typhus is a mite-born disease scrub. It commonly manifests as an acute febrile illness with multi-system involvement. It is regarded as a life-threatening disease in children, with serious complications usually occurring in the 2nd week of illness.
Aims and Objectives: The aims of this study were to explore the clinical and laboratory profile of children with scrub typhus.
Materials and Methods: All children admitted with scrub typhus over 1-year duration were enrolled in the study. The clinical, laboratory profile, and outcome were observed and analyzed.
Results: A total of 47 children were diagnosed with scrub typhus, 17 (36.1%) children had clinical and laboratory evidence of meningitis. The most frequent presenting features were fever (100%), headache (82.4%), vomiting (82.4%), seizures (41.2%), and altered sensorium (70.6%). The mean duration of fever was 6.57 days, eight children (7%) had persistent fever for >14 days duration. Other complications reported were hepatitis 2 (4.3%), hepatosplenomegaly in 18 (38.3%) acute respiratory distress syndrome 2 (4.3%), and shock 31 (66%). The mean cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein, glucose, and cell count was 65.75±9.27 mg/dL, 45.00±7.23 mg/dL, and 65.94±52.72 cells/mm3 of CSF, respectively, with lymphocyte count of more than 96% in all cases. Most patients had lymphocytic pleocytosis and the mean lymphocyte percentage was 96.2%±4.5%. Out of all 47 patients, 45 (84.61%) patients recovered with appropriate antibiotics in both groups, while two (15.38%) patients expired in the group without meningitis.
Conclusion: A high degree of suspicion and knowledge of the geographical distribution of Rickettsial diseases is crucial for its early diagnosis and favorable outcome. Scrub typhus should be considered in the differential diagnosis of aseptic meningitis.
Comparison of hemodynamic alterations and post-operative profile of sevoflurane and propofol during laparoscopic cholecystectomies
Authors: Swarup Dutta  , Tirtha Ratan Ghosh  , Goswami Debarati , Subrata Mondal  , Somnath Dey  , Debasish Saha
Published: June 2023

Background: Modern laparoscopic surgeries with insufflation of gas into peritoneal cavity are gold standard treatment for cholelithiasis. Propofol, a GABA receptor positive allosteric modulator and Sevoflurane, an inhalational anesthetic are used for maintenance of general anesthesia. In laparoscopy, significant hemodynamic changes occur. Searching in field of anesthesia is going on for anesthetic agent for better recovery.
Aims and Objectives: Objective of the study is to compare sevoflurane with propofol for intraoperative hemodynamic changes and post-operative recovery profile of patient’s undergone laparoscopic cholecystectomies under general anesthesia. Secondary objective is to compare post-operative complications.
Materials and Methods: A prospective, randomized, single-blinded, and comparative study done after permission from the institutional ethical committee and informed consent from patients. Total 84 patients of 20–50 years age of either sex were scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy, divided in two equal groups – Group P, induced with propofol and anesthesia was maintained with propofol (100–120 μg/kg/min), nitrous oxide and oxygen and Group S induced with propofol and anesthesia was maintained using sevoflurane (1–2%), nitrous oxide, and oxygen.
Results: We found that time for eye opening was 9±1.21 min in Group P and 8±1.34 min in Group S. Time for following verbal command was 10±1.20 min in Group P and 9±1.32 min in Group S. Time for speaking name by patient was 11±1.20 min in Group P and 10±1.34 min in Group S. Difference between two groups regarding eye opening, following verbal command, and time to speak own name are highly significant with P<0.001 which proves that eye opening, following verbal command and time for speaking name by patient were significantly shorter in sevoflurane group. Time to achieve modified aldrete score >8 was 14±1.30 min in Group P and 13±1.37 min in Group S. Difference between two groups is also highly significant with P<0.001 which proves that time to achieve modified aldrete score>8 were significantly shorter in sevoflurane group.
Conclusion: From our study, maintenance of general anesthesia with sevoflurane is associated with faster recovery from anesthesia.
A study on efficacy of mechanical bowel preparation in case of elective colorectal surgery
Authors: Madhusudan Panja  , Chandranath Banerjee  , Riddhisundar Samanta  , Amalesh Barman
Published: June 2023

Background: There has been a resurgence of interest in the use of mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) and antibiotics before elective colorectal surgery. In the era of antibiotics, the use of MBP is controversial.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the current study was to analyze the effect of MBP over “no MBP” on outcome in patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery.
Materials and Methods: This study was an institution-based prospective, randomized and comparative study. Fifty patients, who were planned for elective colorectal surgery between February 2018 and July 2019 in Department of General Surgery, were included in this study. The patients were divided into two groups. Group 1: Surgeries with use of MBP; Group 2: Surgeries without use of MBP. Outcomes of surgeries were analyzed in terms of post-operative anastomotic leak, intra-abdominal septic collections, wound infections, hospital stay, return of IPS, and start of enteral feeding.
Results: This study demonstrates that risk of anastomotic leak, wound infection, intra-abdominal collection, and hospital stay were higher among MBP group over non-MBP group and also better outcomes in non-MBP groups in respect to early return of IPS, early oral feeding.
Conclusion: Our study proves that no advantage is gained by preoperative MBP in elective colorectal surgery and can be easily avoided to save patients from unwanted exhaustion, distress, and adverse effects related to it.
Preductal postductal oxygen saturation gradient in preterm infants immediately after birth: Effect of gestational age on achievement of target saturation
Authors: Shaon Mitra  , Arnab Mondal
Published: June 2023

Background: The delivery room oxygen saturation (SpO2) monitoring in neonates is based on studies in term infants. Study of preductal-postductal SpO2 gradient in healthy preterms immediately after birth will help in follow-up of an abnormal gradient, rationalizing oxygen therapy, and early identification of congenital cyanotic heart disease.
Aims and Objectives: SpO2 is initially low and gradually increases to normal in healthy term newborns postnatally. Postductal SpO2 is lower than preductal, but their difference gradually decreases postnatally. Our study aims to find out the preductal-postductal SpO2 gradient in healthy preterms and the correlation between gestational age and SpO2. In preterms, gradient may persist longer due to patent ductus arteriosus and higher pulmonary vascular resistance.
Materials and Methods: This observational cross-sectional study has been conducted over 1 year with 80 preterms immediately after birth, after the Institutional Ethics Committee approval and parental informed consent. Preductal and postductal SpO2 were recorded by probes on right hand and left foot respectively for 20 min after birth. Data were analyzed by SPSS software.
Results: This study shows that preductal-postductal SpO2 gradient is significant in the first 20 min of life in preterms, and there is significant positive correlation of gestational age with preductal SpO2 at 1 min and negative correlation of gestational age with time taken to achieve 90% SpO2.
Conclusion: This study concludes that significant preductal-postductal SpO2 gradient persists for first 20 min of life in preterms and preductal SpO2 at 1 min decreases and time taken to reach SpO2 90% increases significantly with decreasing gestational age.
A prospective randomized study to compare hemodynamic changes and post-operative outcome of intravenous buprenorphine versus epidural buprenorphine in patients undergoing abdominal surgeries under general anesthesia
Authors: Youvaraj M  , Jitendra Agrawal  , Brajesh Kumar  , Sourabh Shrivastava  , Preeti Goyal
Published: June 2023

Background: Post-operative pain following major abdominal surgeries is accompanied with multitude of negative consequences, including increased morbidity, impaired physical function, and slow recovery. Opioids are the gold standard of post-operative pain management. Buprenorphine is a new semi-synthetic opioid and 0.3 mg has shown equipotent effect as 12.5 mg of morphine and 0.125 mg of fentanyl.
Aims and Objectives: The aims of this study were to compare the effects of epidural and intravenous buprenorphine and clinically significant differences on perioperative hemodynamic variables, duration, and quality of analgesia and its adverse-effects.
Materials and Methods: A total of 60 patients with ASA grade I/II scheduled for elective abdominal surgeries under general anesthesia were randomized into two groups. Group IA received intravenous Inj Buprenorphine 0.3 mg diluted with 10 mL of normal saline and 10 mL NS given epidurally just before the closure of peritoneum; Group EA received epidural Inj Buprenorphine 0.3 mg diluted with 10 mL of normal saline and 10 mL NS given intravenously just before the closure of peritoneum. The post-operative hemodynamic vitals, analgesia, and adverse-effects were assessed at certain intervals over 24 h.
Results: In both groups, there was a significant reduction in heart rate and blood pressure as compared to baseline (pre-induction) over first 2 h–3 h following the administration. Group EA has shown to provide satisfactory, prolonged duration of analgesia 22.32 h, and better visual analog scale score as compared to Group IA 18.71 h.
Conclusion: Epidural buprenorphine 0.3 mg has proved to provide higher satisfactory post-operative analgesia and considered a better alternative to 0.3 mg intravenous buprenorphine in terms of prolonged post-operative analgesia and acceptable adverse event profile.
Finding the optimal anesthetic technique during PCNL for renal stone disease: A comparison of general, spinal, and combined spinal epidural anesthesia
Authors: Choudhary Arpan , Jain Vishal Kirti , Sharma Manas , Jain Nimish , Munir Ahmad Khan  , Gupta Parul
Published: June 2023

Background: Renal stone disease is prevalent worldwide. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) has become an important mode of treatment for large size renal stones. Various anesthetic techniques have described for performing PCNL, with each having its own merits and demerits. There is lacuna in evidence for the ideal mode of anesthesia with best results and least associated complications.
Aims and Objectives: PCNL is a common procedure for renal stones. It can be performed under various anesthesia techniques. Selection of an appropriate anesthetic technique is essential for successful outcome. In this study, we compared three anesthesia techniques during PCNL and their outcomes.
Materials and Methods: Retrospective and observational study involved all cases of PCNL performed from February 2022 to January 2023. Baseline clinical and anesthesia parameters were recorded. Three groups based on anesthesia method were made; Group A for general anesthesia (GA), B for spinal anesthesia (SA), and C for combined spinal epidural anesthesia (CSEA). Intraoperative variables including heart rate (HR), blood pressure, operation time, and analgesia adequacy were noted. Post-operative pain level, hospital stay, stone free rate (SFR), complications, patient, and surgeon satisfaction were recorded.
Results: Seventy-two cases (56 Male and 16 Female) with a mean age of 36.2±15.9 years were included in the study. Age and body mass index were lower in Group A, while ASA status and comorbidities were comparable. Intraoperative HR and mean blood pressure were higher in Group A than in B and C (P=0.000, P=0.003). Hypotension was more frequent in Group B (24.1%, P=0.046). Operation time, hospital stay, transfusion rates, SFR, and overall patient satisfaction were similar. Group A patients experienced more post-procedure pain (Visual analogue scale 4.1 vs. 2.2 vs. 2.1; P=0.001). Nausea-vomiting and shivering episodes were also higher in Group A (P=0.033, P=0.021). Anesthetic effect weaned-off in 6 patients of SA. Post-operative headache was higher but non-significant in Group B and C (P=0.621).
Conclusion: CSEA appears a superior alternative to both SA and GA, with additional adequate post-operative comfort.
Evaluation of the Evan’s and Bicaudate index for South Karnataka Population using computed tomography
Authors: Praveen Basavaraj Kumbar  , Anil Kumar Sakalecha  , Chaithanya A  , Rajeswari G  , Revanth RB  , Jayendra Mannan
Published: June 2023

Background: Radiological markers that are useful in the diagnosis of normal pressure hydrocephalus include the Bicaudate index (BCI) and the Evans index (EI), which are practical indicators of ventricular volume. Worldwide, variation exists in normative studies for both these indices. The majority of research for EI and BCI is based on data from the Western population. The study has been performed on the South Karnataka population.
Aims and Objectives: This study’s goal is to derive age and gender specific cutoff values on normative data of Evans and BCI.
Materials and Methods: This was a prospective and observational study.Patients referred to “RL Jalappa Hospital” for computed tomography (CT) scan of the brain who meet the inclusion criteria will be included in this study. CT brain of all the patients will be performed in Siemens Somatom emotion 16 slice CT scanner. Ninety-seven were selected for this study, and EI and BCI were calculated for them.
Results: The mean value of EI and BCI in our study was 0.26±0.02 and 0.1167±0.02, respectively. The difference in EI and BCI between males and females shown significant statistical difference between males and females but the values increased as increase in age.
Conclusion: Our study for South Indian population concludes that EI and BCI have a significant statistical difference between males and females. Both EI and BCI values increase with age. Hence cutoff values of EI and BCI index according to age and gender are important for evaluation of hydrocephalus.