bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
‘Having braces helped me master the art of orthodontic nursing’
Authors: Ariza's Annabelle
Published: November 2020

Clinical lead dental nurse Annabelle Ariza shares her passion for this life-changing dental specialty – both professionally and personally
Taper corrosion: a complication of total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Morlock Michael M. , Hube Robert , Wassilew Georgi , Prange Felix , Huber Gerd , Perka Carsten
Published: November 2020

The focus on taper corrosion in modular hip arthroplasty increased around 2007 as a result of clinical problems with large-head metal-on-metal (MoM) bearings on standard stems. Corrosion problems with bi-modular primary hip stems focused attention on this issue even more. Factors increasing the risk of taper corrosion were identified in laboratory and retrieval studies: stiffness of the stem neck, taper diameter and design, head diameter, offset, assembly force, head and stem material and loading. The high variability of the occurrence of corrosion in the clinical application highlights its multi-factorial nature, identifying the implantation procedure and patient-related factors as important additional factors for taper corrosion. Discontinuing the use of MoM has reduced the revisions due to metal-related pathologies dramatically from 49.7% (MoM > 32 mm), over 9.2% (MoM ⩽ 32 mm) to 0.8% (excluding all MoM). Further reduction can be achieved by omitting less stiff Ti-alloys and large metal heads (36 mm and above) against polyethylene (PE). Standardized taper assembly of smaller and ceramic heads will reduce the clinical occurrence of taper corrosion even further. If 36 mm heads are clinically indicated, only ceramic heads should be used. Taper-related problems will not comprise a major clinical problem anymore if the mentioned factors are respected.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2020;5:776-784. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.200013
Resuming elective hip and knee arthroplasty in the COVID-19 era: a unique insight into patient risk aversion and sentiment
Authors: Madanipour S , Al-Obaedi O , Ayub A , Iranpour F , Subramanian P
Published: November 2020

Introduction

There has been guidance from the government and orthopaedic community on how best to ensure the safety of our patients and colleagues as we recommence elective surgery in the UK. The primary aim was to determine what proportion of patients feel they should proceed with their elective hip and knee arthroplasty surgery during the COVID-19 climate. The secondary aim was to investigate what variables affected this decision.

Methods

Patient information from a single surgeon's waiting list in a district general hospital were recorded. A standardised telephone discussion was had with all the patients noting the severity of pain and the potential reasons for not wanting to proceed with surgery.

Results

A total of 70.6% (96/136) of patients wished to proceed with surgery; 29.4% (40/136) did not wish to proceed. The decision to proceed with surgery was not correlated with sex, American Society of Anesthesiologists grade or COVID-19 risk. Those who wished to proceed with surgery had a mean age of 68.5 years while those who did not had a mean age of 72.4 years (P = 0.03). Within the matched subgroups, patients under the age of 70 years were more willing to proceed with primary hip arthroplasty surgery (87.9%) compared with primary knee arthroplasty surgery (57.1%; P = 0.007); 75% of the patients who did not wish to proceed with surgery expressed concerns about perioperative COVID-19 infection.

Conclusion

There is a significant proportion of arthroplasty patients on waiting lists who would be willing to accept the increased risks associated with COVID-19 to undergo surgery on an urgent basis. The subgroup of younger patients awaiting hip arthroplasty is more willing than those awaiting knee arthroplasty to proceed with surgery.
GPU-based fast processing for a distributed acoustic sensor using an LFM
pulse
Authors: Wang Shuanghao , Jiang Junfeng , Wang Shuang , Ma Zhe , Xu Tianhua , Ding Zhenyang , Lv Zhankun , Liu Tiegen
Published: November 2020

We carried out a fast processing investigation based on a graphics
processing unit (GPU) for a distributed acoustic sensor using a linear
frequency modulation pulse. The moving window cross-correlation
calculations are realized on the GPU, which makes use of parallel
computing. We analyzed the effect of the thread number in a block on
the GPU streaming multiprocessor utilization efficiency and then
compared the acceleration under different calculation scales. By
maximizing the streaming multiprocessor utilization efficiency and
large calculation scale, a maximum acceleration ratio of 86.01 was
obtained.
Halo effect in high-dynamic-range mini-LED backlit LCDs
Authors: Hsiang En-Lin , Yang Qian , He Ziqian , Zou Junyu , Wu Shin-Tson
Published: November 2020

We develop an optical model including the glare effect in the human vision system to analyze the halo effect of high-dynamic-range (HDR) mini-LED backlit liquid crystal displays (LCDs). In our model, an objective function is first introduced to evaluate the severity of the halo effect with different image contents. This function is further combined with PSNR to establish a new evaluation metric to analyze the image quality affected by the halo effect. A subjective visual experiment is also conducted to verify the above-mentioned evaluation metrics. In addition, we analyze the influence of ambient environment (viewing angle and ambient light illuminance) on the halo effect. After considering the requirements on local dimming zones, dynamic contrast ratio, gamma shift, and color shift for practical applications, we find that fringe-field-switching mode is a strong contender for the mini-LED backlit LCD system.
Free-standing silicon nitride nanobeams with an efficient fiber-chip interface for cavity QED
Authors: Alajlan Abdulrahman , Khurana Mohit , Liu Xiaohan , Cojocaru Ivan , Akimov Alexey V.
Published: November 2020

We present the design, fabrication and characterization of high quality factor silicon nitride nanobeam PhC cavities at visible wavelengths for coupling to diamond color centers in a cavity QED system. We demonstrate devices with a quality factor of ∼24, 000 (±250) around the zero-phonon line of the germanium-vacancy center in diamond. We also present an efficient fiber-to-waveguide coupling platform for suspended nanophotonics. By gently changing the corresponding effective indices at the fiber-waveguide interface, we achieve a coupling efficiency of ∼96% (±2%) at the cavity resonance.
PeskAAS: A near-real-time, open-source monitoring and analytics system for small-scale fisheries
Authors: Tilley Alexander , Dos Reis Lopes Joctan , Wilkinson Shaun P.
Published: November 2020

Small-scale fisheries are responsible for landing half of the world’s fish catch, yet there are very sparse data on these fishing activities and associated fisheries production in time and space. Fisheries-dependent data underpin scientific guidance of management and conservation of fisheries systems, but it is inherently difficult to generate robust and comprehensive data for small-scale fisheries, particularly given their dispersed and diverse nature. In tackling this challenge, we use open source software components including theShinyR package to buildPeskAAS; an adaptable and scalable digital application that enables the collation, classification, analysis and visualisation of small-scale fisheries catch and effort data. We piloted and refined this system in Timor-Leste; a small island developing nation. The features that makePeskAASfit for purpose are that it is: (i) fully open-source and free to use (ii) component-based, flexible and able to integrate vessel tracking data with catch records; (iii) able to perform spatial and temporal filtering of fishing productivity by fishing method and habitat; (iv) integrated with species-specific length-weight parameters fromFishBase; (v) controlled through a click-button dashboard, that was co-designed with fisheries scientists and government managers, that enables easy to read data summaries and interpretation of context-specific fisheries data. With limited training and code adaptation, thePeskAASworkflow has been used as a framework on which to build and adapt systematic, standardised data collection for small-scale fisheries in other contexts. Automated analytics of these data can provide fishers, managers and researchers with insights into a fisher’s experience of fishing efforts, fisheries status, catch rates, economic efficiency and geographic preferences and limits that can potentially guide management and livelihood investments.
The effects of chronic diseases on plutonium urinary excretion in former workers of the Mayak Production Association
Authors: Suslova Klara G. , Efimov Alexander V. , Sokolova Alexandra B. , Napier Bruce A. , Miller Scott C.
Published: November 2020

The radiochemical analysis of plutonium activity in urine is the main method for indirect estimation of doses of internal exposure from plutonium incorporation in professional workers. It was previously shown that late-in-life acute diseases, particularly those that affect the liver, can promote accelerated rates of release of plutonium from the liver with enhanced excretion rates. This initial study examines the relationships of some chronic diseases on plutonium excretion as well as the terminal relative distribution of plutonium between the liver and skeleton. Fourteen cases from former workers at the Mayak Production Association (Mayak PA) who provided from 4–9 urine plutonium bioassays for plutonium, had an autopsy conducted after death, and had sufficient clinical records to document their health status were used in this study. Enhanced plutonium excretion was associated with more serious chronic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and other diseases that involved the liver. These chronic diseases were also associated with relatively less plutonium found in the liver relative to the skeleton determined by analyses conducted after autopsy. These data further document health conditions that affect plutonium biokinetics and organ deposition and retention patterns and suggest that health status should be considered when conducting plutonium bioassays as these may alter subsequent dosimetry and risk models.
Moderate aerobic exercise, but not anticipation of exercise, improves cognitive control
Authors: Bergelt Maximilian , Fung Yuan Vanessa , O’Brien Richard , Middleton Laura E. , Martins dos Santos Wellington
Published: November 2020

Background

Evidence suggests a single bout of exercise can improve cognitive control. However, many studies only include assessments after exercise. It is unclear whether exercise changes as a result, or in anticipation, of exercise.

Objective

To examine changes in cognitive control due to moderate aerobic exercise, and anticipation of such exercise.

Methods

Thirty-one young healthy adults (mean age 22 years; 55% women) completed three conditions (randomized order): 1) exercise (participants anticipated and completed exercise); 2) anticipation (participants anticipated exercise but completed rest); and 3) rest (participants anticipated and completed rest). Cognitive control was assessed with a modified Flanker task at three timepoints: (1) early (20 min pre-intervention, pre-reveal in anticipation session); (2) pre-intervention (after reveal); and (3) post-intervention. An accuracy-weighted response time (RTLISAS) was the primary outcome, analyzed with a linear mixed effects modeling approach.

Results

There was an interaction between condition and time (p = 0.003) and between session and time (p = 0.015). RTLISASwas better post-exercise than post-rest and post-deception, but was similar across conditions at other timepoints. RTLISASimproved across time in session 1 and session 2, but did not improve over time in session 3. There were also main effects of condition (p = 0.024), session (p = 0.005), time (p<0.001), and congruency (p<0.001).

Conclusions

Cognitive control improved after moderate aerobic exercise, but not in anticipation of exercise. Improvements on a Flanker task were also observed across sessions and time, indicative of a learning effect that should be considered in study design and analyses.
Predicting time to graduation at a large enrollment American university
Authors: Aiken John M. , De Bin Riccardo , Hjorth-Jensen Morten , Caballero Marcos D.
Published: November 2020

The time it takes a student to graduate with a university degree is mitigated by a variety of factors such as their background, the academic performance at university, and their integration into the social communities of the university they attend. Different universities have different populations, student services, instruction styles, and degree programs, however, they all collect institutional data. This study presents data for 160,933 students attending a large American research university. The data includes performance, enrollment, demographics, and preparation features. Discrete time hazard models for the time-to-graduation are presented in the context of Tinto’s Theory of Drop Out. Additionally, a novel machine learning method: gradient boosted trees, is applied and compared to the typical maximum likelihood method. We demonstrate that enrollment factors (such as changing a major) lead to greater increases in model predictive performance of when a student graduates than performance factors (such as grades) or preparation (such as high school GPA).
The lives of unknown guards
Authors: Diževič Alma
Published: November 2020

The article deals with a specific peripheral phenomenon: the Museum of Contemporary Art Metelkova has begun employing a selection of people who are independently involved in theory (understood in its widest sense; from critique to general reflections) as guards. The Museum is shown as a specific institution that “by accident” enables this phenomenon, while the phenomenon itself and the life stories of the guards reveal common difficulties in various fields: academy, journalism, humanities, critique, etc. The guards-theoreticians persevere; but they must persevere as there are no more “open” spaces.
The tactics of emancipation in new performative art practices in Yugoslavia (1965–1987)
Authors: Založnik Jasmina
Published: November 2020

In the contribution, I highlight cases of New Performative Art Practices in Yugoslavia in the period between 1965 and 1987 in which prominent changes in perception of the body and subjectivity emerged. With the term, I am accentuating the heterogeneity of the practices of my primary interest: I study performances, progressive theatre experiments, street theatre, contemporary dance as well as interdisciplinary performative experiments in music. By shedding light on these practices again I reveal connections between artistic practices of different periods in the aims of their attempts; in initiating socially relevant tactics and strategies and creating fresh cultural-artistic forms. By revealing the structural conditions for development and the boom of emancipatory artistic practices I show how they were socially constitutive, formed as a cause and a consequence of the Yugoslav social and political reality. The changes in approach, continued invention of new tactics and strategies, changes in contexts of work and audiences were necessary elements for assuring their social relevance and topicality.
Mr K meets Modern Times: Intertextual closure in La Vis
Authors: Rossouw Martin P.
Published: November 2020

Among the many functions that the doppelgänger-twist in La Vis fulfils, it also stages a convergence of the film’s two most self-conscious influences – Kafkaesque bureaucracy in The Trial (1925) and The Castle (1926); and Charlie Chaplin’s Modern Times (1936) – in which Mr K comes face-to-face with the Tramp.
On the edge of alienation: La Vis
Authors: Özdemİr Burcu Dabak
Published: November 2020

This analysis will show that Metallika is designed as an absurd and exaggerated form of a mechanical, industrial society in which different types of alienation are organized.
Verfremdung/Entfremdung and modernism: ‘Pseudo-language’ in La Vis
Authors: Sørenssen Bjørn
Published: November 2020

This article deals with the role artificial language (pseudo-language) plays in this short film and draws parallels to other examples where pseudo-language has been used to achieve comic effect, from Chaplin’s Modern Times to contemporary use of the effect while emphasizing the concept of alienation in twentieth-century modernism.
The intrusive ‘echoing’ of past violence into the present
Authors: van Vuren Mitchell
Published: November 2020

The short film Echo shows, through multiple filmic aspects, how violence can resonate from past to present without an instance of glorification. I analyse how the film engages with the indirect representation of violence and how it redirects past violent atrocities back to its perpetrators.
Concentrated Noir: Reinforcing and transgressing genre boundaries in Echo
Authors: Waller Rhian
Published: November 2020

Nordic Noir has emerged as an increasingly codified set of aesthetic, political and philosophical televisual elements. Echo compresses these elements, subjecting them to the crucible of short film. This article investigates the dramatic potential of stripping back cross-genre tropes to reveal the defining characteristics of a newly emergent format.
Doing and repeating in Echo
Authors: Pricop Laura
Published: November 2020

The characters in Echo are trapped in a repetitive mechanism. In this article, I explore the differences between the doing and the repeating of the same acts, also involving the ways in which characters ask and answer questions in relation to those two processes.
Comparative analysis of various step-dilution techniques on the quality of frozen Limousin bull semen
Authors: Arif Ani Atul , Maulana Tulus , Kaiin Ekayanti Mulyawati , Purwantara Bambang , Arifiantini Raden Iis , Memili Erdogan
Published: November 2020

Background and Aim: Indonesia has two National Artificial Insemination centers and 17 Regional Artificial Insemination Centers. The frozen semen production techniques differed between the centers, including the type of diluent and semen dilution technique. The aim of the research was to compare the quality of frozen Limousin bull semen diluted using different techniques.

Materials and Methods: Semen was collected from three sexually mature Limousin bulls using an artificial vagina. Immediately after collection, the semen was evaluated macroscopically and microscopically. Semen that had >70% motile sperm and <20% sperm abnormality was divided into three tubes and diluted with skim milk-egg yolk (SMEY) using three different dilution techniques: One-step dilution (100% SMEY with 8% glycerol) at room temperature ([RT] 20°C until 25°C) two-step dilution (50% SMEY without glycerol at RT, stored at 5°C; and 50% SMEY with 16% glycerol after 1 h stored at 5°C); and three-step dilution (50% SMEY without glycerol at RT, stored at 5°C; and 50% SMEY with 16% glycerol added twice at 1 h and 1.5 h after being stored at 5°C). The diluted semen was loaded into 0.25 mL mini straws, equilibrated, and frozen using a freezing machine. Sperm motility, viability, membranes, DNA integrity, and concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) enzymes were evaluated after thawing.

Results: The results showed that there were no significant differences in sperm motility and DNA integrity between dilutions (p>0.05). However, sperm viability and membrane intactness of one-step dilutions were higher than those of three-step dilutions. The concentrations of MDA and AST enzymes of sperm in one-step dilutions were lower than those of three-step dilutions (p<0.05).

Conclusion: It was concluded that the one-step-dilution technique was better than three-step dilution for cryopreservation of Limousin bull semen.
Efficient Market Hypothesis and Forecasting of the Industrial Sector on the Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Mubarok Faizul , Fadhli Mohammad Masykur
Published: November 2020

The presence of the stock market has helped boost economic growth in Indonesia. However, high levels of volatility plus economic uncertainty make investors need to carry out strategies in investing in the capital market. This study aims to analyze the index movement of each industry sector on the stock exchange in Indonesia by testing the Efficient Market Hypothesis and estimating the growth of returns for each industrial sector. This research uses monthly data from 1996 to 2020 with research methods including variance ratios, data stationarity test, Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), and Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (ARCH). The results showed that the industrial sector on the Indonesia Stock Exchange was inefficient in its weak form. In forecasting, almost all indices experience a contraction of growth at the beginning of the forecasting period. Stakeholders are expected to be more active in the market by buying and selling, especially the contraction of shares. The market has proven to be inefficient in its weak form.
Protocolo Alt-RAMEC modificado para o tratamento precoce da Classe III com o Disjuntor DAFI
Authors: Itaborahy Wanderson , Costa Rachel Itaborahy
Published: November 2020

OBJETIVO: O presente artigo tem como objetivo descrever as etapas do Protocolo Alt-RAMEC modificado para a correção precoce da má oclusão de Classe III, bem como apresentar um caso tratado pela técnica proposta. O Protocolo é indicado para pacientes com Classe III esquelética, por deficiência maxilar, em dentição decídua, mista ou permanente jovem. MÉTODOS: Após a cimentação do Disjuntor DAFI (Disjuntor de Abertura e Fechamento Itaborahy) nos molares superiores, inicia-se a fase de ativação/desativação do expansor. O aparelho consiste em um expansor em leque, com um centro de articulação tipo helicoide, feito com fio de TMA, que mantém o paralelismo da disjunção, e um gancho na região dos caninos, para possibilitar o uso de elásticos extrabucais. Decorridas sete semanas de abertura e fechamento do disjuntor, o uso da máscara de tração reversa tipo Petit é iniciado. Essa deve ser utilizada até se atingir um trespasse horizontal de 3 a 4 mm. Finalizada a protração maxilar, monta-se o nivelamento 4x2, com uso de elásticos cruzados com vetor de Classe III, para manutenção simultânea da relação de Classe I ou II, dependendo de cada caso, e da expansão transversal obtida. A contenção após a fase ortodôntica é indispensável. RESULTADOS: No presente caso clínico, houve melhora significativa dos ângulos SNA, ANB e nas medidas Witts e trespasse horizontal, bem como redução da inclinação e protrusão dos incisivos superiores e inferiores. CONCLUSÃO: Conclui-se que o Protocolo Alt-RAMEC modificado é uma terapia eficaz e minimamente invasiva para tratamento da Classe III em crianças.
Surveillance of hepatocellular carcinoma in Slovakia
Authors: Adamcová Selčanová Světlana , Skladaný Ľubomír , Čiefová Jana , Dražilová Sylvia , Koller Tomáš , Jarčuška Peter , Žigrai Miroslav
Published: November 2020

Background: Certain trials have demonstrated that surveillance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) lowers mortality via earlier dia­gnosis and therapy. We aimed to analyse surveillance performance in order to define targets for improvement. Methods: We retrospectively analysed consecutive patients (pts) ELIGIBLE for surveillance between January 2001 and December 2010, with three questions: 1. How many have had surveillance RECOMMENDED and 2. PERFORMED, and by which method and 3. with what outcome. We divided the pts into three groups by dia­gnosis of cirrhosis or HBV infection (ELIGIBLE), written recommendation for surveillance (RECOMMENDED) and ≥ 2 US or alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) exams six months apart (PERFORMED). We recorded the demographics, liver disease characteristics, ultrasound (US), AFP, new lesions, their size and mortality. We excluded patients without data for analysis. Results: We identified 445 and excluded 52 of the ELIGIBLE pts. The remaining 393 pts formed the RECOMMENDED group: 334 (85%) with cirrhosis, 59 (15%) with HBV infection. The median age was 55 years, 34% were females. The most prevalent aetiologies were alcohol-related liver disease (ALD, 46%), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH, 17%) and hepatitis C virus (HCV, 12%). Surveillance was PERFORMED in 322 (82%) of the RECOMMENDED pts by US only in 1%, AFP in 40% and US with AFP in 31% of the pts, respectively. New lesions were detected in 2.2% of the pts, aged 63.5 years (53–79), with diameter of 31.5 mm (9–120) in 8 surveillance pts and 75 mm (35–115) in 2 pts without surveillance (p = 0.296). Conclusion: This quality control study has shown that the uptake of HCC surveillance in pts with valid indication was suboptimal, the methods used deviated considerably from the guidelines and the diameter of newly-detected lesions was larger than would be required for surveillance to be effective.
Prevalence of hypovitaminosis D and impaired glucose tolerance in patients with neuroendocrine tumours undergoing somatostatin analogues therapy
Authors: Nosáková Lenka , Bánovčin Peter , Hyrdel Rudolf , Pindura Miroslav , Uhrík Peter
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract (GEP-NETs) are rare tumors representing a heterogeneous group of tumors. Somatostatin analogs (SSA) are commonly used in the palliative treatment of GEP-NETs. The aim of the study was to determine the potential side effects of SSA treatment. Methods and group of patients: The set consisted of patients undergoing the treatment with somatostatin analogues in an outpatient form. We evaluated the data about disease duration, SSA treatment, and type of SSA preparation. Subsequently, patients underwent vitamin D and blood glucose tests. Results: We evaluated a total of 16 patients (8 women and 8 men). The mean age was 61 years (43–82 years). Hypovitaminosis D was present in 13 patients (81.25%). Vitamin D levels ranged from 12.2 to 55.8 ng/ml. Glucose tolerance impairment was present in 44% of patients. Blood glucose ranged from 4.5 mmol/l to 7.6 mmol/l. Conclusion: Somatostatin analogues are generally considered as safe and well tolerated. In our work, we pointed to the relatively high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D and impaired fasting glucose.
WIELOJĘZYCZNOŚĆ ZRÓWNOWAŻONA? KRAJOBRAZ JĘZYKOWY POLSKO-CZESKIEGO POGRANICZA W UJĘCIU EKOLINGWISTYCZNYM (PRZYPADEK DUSZNIK ZDROJU I HRONOVA)
Authors: STECIĄG MAGDALENA , KARMOWSKA ANNA
Published: November 2020

The aim of the article is to analyse the linguistic landscape of the Polish-Czech borderland with particular emphasis placed on the number and hierarchy of languages existing in the public space. A static study will be carried out i.e. a study of the language(s) of public road signs, names of streets and squares, public-access buildings, signs on businesses and shops, hoardings etc. The research material comes from two small towns: Duszniki Zdrój in Poland and Hronov in the Czech Republic, both aspiring to become local tourist centres. The global vs. local opposition is of importance to the assumptions made in the study because the language will be regarded as a local practice (Pennycock, 2010). In conclusion, the study will examine the thesis that the local linguistic landscape is a testimony to a transition from a monolingual paradigm towards a “post-monolingual condition” (Yildiz, 2012). It will also be very interesting to find out which configuration of the languages can be considered sustainable in terms of the area’s multilingual nature.
PTAKI Z PUNKTU WIDZENIA CZŁOWIEKA A SŁOWIAŃSZCZYZNA Z PTASIEJ PERSPEKTYWY (SŁOWIAŃSZCZYZNA Z PTASIEJ PERSPEKTYWY POD REDAKCJĄ MAGDALENY BAER. WYDAWNICTWO NAUKOWE UNIWERSYTETU IM. ADAMA MICKIEWICZA, POZNAŃ 2019, SS. 321)
Authors: CZACHOWSKA NADIA
Published: November 2020

Ptaki z punktu widzenia człowieka a Słowiańszczyzna z ptasiej perspektywy(Słowiańszczyzna z ptasiej perspektywy pod redakcją Magdaleny Baer. Wy-dawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza, Poznań 2019, ss. 321)
SPOSOBY ASEKURACJI WYPOWIEDZI WE WSPÓŁCZESNYCH PRZEKAZACH MEDIALNYCH (NA PRZYKŁADZIE „MAGAZYNU KRYMINALNEGO 997”)
Authors: STRÓŻYK MAREK
Published: November 2020

This article presents various types of narration safety measures adopted by the message sender and their linguistic indexes in contemporary media messages. The material under scrutiny were episodes of “Magazyn Kryminalny 997” from 1995-2010, hosted by Michał Fajbusiewicz. Of special interest are accounts of murders presented in “MK 997” as dramatizations. An analysis was carried out primarily of the verbal aspect of the dramatization i.e. verbal and style-related means used by the programme’s authors and the applied sender-receiver strategies. The sender plays an important role as he adopts safety measures at the time of providing information about the crime. A linguistic analysis leads to a conclusion that in “MK 997”, the sender formulates hypotheses and makes use of modality indexes with the aim of expressing various degrees of conviction in the statements (ranging from lack of knowledge to certainty). What is more, he uses judgemental modulators, forms of the conditional mood and conditional structures. Notably, the function of the safety measures adopted by the sender in his statements is to lend credibility to the message.
DESENVOLVIMENTO PROFISSIONAL DOCENTE: TRAJETÓRIAS DE PROFESSORES DE ESPANHOL
Authors: Victor Glíndia , Rausch Rita Buzzi
Published: November 2020

Nesta pesquisa analisamos o desenvolvimento profissional docente de professores de Espanhol que atuam no Ensino Médio em escolas da Rede Estadual de Blumenau/SC. Para a geração de dados, utilizamos o questionário, a técnica de complemento e a entrevista narrativa. O aporte teórico sustenta-se, principalmente, nos estudos de Nóvoa (1995a, 1995b, 1997, 2011), Marcelo García (1999, 2009), Vaillant e Marcelo (2012, 2015), Huberman (1995), Mizukami (2013) e Romanowski (2010). Para a análise de dados, as categorias elencadas são: percepções sobre a formação inicial; condições de trabalho na inserção da profissão docente; processos de formação continuada. Os resultados apontam aspectos importantes para a reformulação de políticas públicas para a formação continuada, além de novos caminhos para futuras pesquisas na área.
O Diretor de Turma e a gestão pedagógica das escolas profissionais: estudo de caso de uma política educacional
Authors: Costa Gilmar Pereira , Magalhães Júnior Antonio Germano , Carneiro Stânia Nágila Vasconcelos , Mattos Sérgio Horta
Published: November 2020

O Projeto Professor Diretor de Turma funciona no Estado do Ceará, desde o ano de 2008, mesmo período em que a unidade da federação também cria e fortalece sua Política Estadual de Educação Profissional. As duas políticas nascem, assim, articuladamente, de modo que todas as escolas profissionais mantidas pela esfera estadual aderem ao citado projeto e o têm intrínseco à sua estrutura e ao seu funcionamento. Este estudo tem como objetivo compreender como o Diretor de Turma interfere na gestão pedagógica das escolas profissionais do Sertão dos Inhamuns, mesorregião que conta com duas escolas do aludido tipo, nas quais foi realizado um estudo de caso múltiplo, amparado pela pesquisa qualitativa, utilizando a técnica da entrevista semiestruturada. A análise dos dados mostrou que o projeto contribui para a gestão pedagógica das escolas loci, norteando seu trabalho educacional, mas apresenta aspectos a serem ressignificados em sua práxis, oriundos dos mais diversos âmbitos (escola, entidade regional e estadual).
A atitude fenomenológica em Husserl e a prática pedagógica
Authors: Borges Valdir , Rehbein Lucas
Published: November 2020

Este artigo estabelece relações entre a fenomenologia do filósofo e matemático alemão Edmund Husserl e a prática pedagógica na educação infantil. Na atitude natural a inserção no mundo se faz por meio da experiência sensível, isenta da reflexão e da análise; enquanto a atitude fenomenológica ultrapassa os fatos objetivos como única realidade, sendo uma atitude reflexiva e analítica sobre os fatos. Tal diferenciação entre a atitude natural e a atitude fenomenológica é tomada como apropriada para pensar a prática docente do educador que se depara com o universo da criança, repleto de seres fantásticos, metáforas, símbolos, ficção e faz-de-conta. A criança tem uma maneira própria de se relacionar com o mundo, permeada por objetos que não existem de modo concreto, mas que, apesar disso, não deixam de ser significativos. Destarte, problematizamos a atitude do educador perante uma criança que quer conversar sobre dragões ou que está fingindo ser uma fada. Ao finalizarmos este itinerário reflexivo, empreendemos discussões sobre o conceito de infância e sobre a questão e a função da fantasia na infância e na vida adulta.
Self-Controlled Choice Arises from Dynamic Prefrontal Signals That Enable Future Anticipation
Authors: Tanaka Daiki , Aoki Ryuta , Suzuki Shinsuke , Takeda Masaki , Nakahara Kiyoshi , Jimura Koji
Published: November 2020

Self-control allows humans the patience necessary to maximize reward attainment in the future. Yet it remains elusive when and how the preference to self-controlled choice is formed. We measured brain activity while female and male humans performed an intertemporal choice task in which they first received delayed real liquid rewards (forced-choice trial), and then made a choice between the reward options based on the experiences (free-choice trial). We found that, while subjects were awaiting an upcoming reward in the forced-choice trial, the anterior prefrontal cortex (aPFC) tracked a dynamic signal reflecting the pleasure of anticipating the future reward. Importantly, this prefrontal signal was specifically observed in self-controlled individuals, and moreover, interregional negative coupling between the prefrontal region and the ventral striatum (VS) became stronger in those individuals. During consumption of the liquid rewards, reduced ventral striatal activity predicted self-controlled choices in the subsequent free-choice trials. These results suggest that a well-coordinated prefrontal-striatal mechanism during the reward experience shapes preferences regarding the future self-controlled choice.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAnticipating future desirable events is a critical mental function that guides self-controlled behavior in humans. When and how are the self-controlled choices formed in the brain? We monitored brain activity while humans awaited a real liquid reward that became available in tens of seconds. We found that the frontal polar cortex tracked temporally evolving signals reflecting the pleasure of anticipating the future reward, which was enhanced in self-controlled individuals. Our results highlight the contribution of the fronto-polar cortex to the formation of self-controlled preferences, and further suggest that future prospect in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays an important role in shaping future choice behavior.
Taste as Governor: Soy Sauce in Late Chosŏn and Colonial Korea
Authors: Bae Kyoungjin
Published: November 2020

The history of soy sauce in Korea has been viewed as a progression from premodern handicraft to modern industrialization. Questioning such a linear perspective, this article examines the history of soy sauce during the late Chosŏn (1392–1910) and colonial (1910–45) periods through the lens of taste. Traditional soy sauce made from blocks of fermented soybeans called meju appeared only in the eighteenth century alongside the standardization of homebrewing. This, however, did not lead to a standard taste of soy sauce, as taste was understood to be naturally variable across households, and women were the arbiters of taste in each family. The notion of Korean soy sauce possessing a coherent taste emerged during the colonial era. As commercially brewed, and later industrialized, Japanese soy sauce entered the Korean market, taste gradually acquired a new role for consumers as a guide to navigate the increasingly heterogeneous foodscape. Focusing on the practice of blending and pairing different kinds of soy sauce, this article argues that taste became a site of culinary experiments and an instrument of knowledge building that linked the premodern and modern modes of making and cooking.
Numbing Aesthetics: Taste and Tempers of Peppercorn / Mountain Pepper / Sanshō
Authors: Li Lan A.
Published: November 2020

This article explores a cultural history of peppercorn and its famous characterization as a “numbing spice.” It investigates how the quality of “numbing spice” extended from East Asian cosmologies that engaged with peppercorn, also known as mountain pepper or sanshō 山椒, as a medical, literary, and culinary object. Medieval and early modern encyclopedias in China described how the plant's vivid colors reflected cosmological relationships that promised better health and eternal youth. The plant's desirability represented what I call “numbing aesthetics,” in that its taste was directly tied to its appearance and utility. When burned, boiled, or crushed, forms of peppercorn could treat hemorrhages, hair loss, swollen scrotums, and toothaches. Beautiful peppers were more effective; ugly peppers were less effective. These many types of plants had many kinds of names with origin stories that derived from young girls, young couples, pigs, and frogs. As a social metaphor, pepper dust became a popular metaphor for describing confined concubines. This article later argues that these qualities fell away when biologists attempted to reduce the plant into its active molecular components in the twentieth century. Tokyo-based chemists imperfectly distilled numbing juices from the pepper's bark and fruit to define numbness as a single unit of flavor, even when numbness was not a classical kind of flavor and more closely resembled tingling vibrations. But by becoming a quasi-category of flavor, the molecularization of peppercorn would diminish its long history of cosmological associations that were gendered, practiced, and otherworldly.
Food Desert or Food Oasis? Insights from Mexican Chicago
Authors: Ferrant Coline , Fine Gary Alan
Published: November 2020

In those neighborhoods that epidemiologists identify as “food deserts,” access to food is difficult and limited to unhealthy options, whereas in “food oases,” access to healthy food is easier and widely available. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in Mexican Chicago, this article moves from the deterministic, spatial frameworks of food deserts and food oases toward a meaning-centered framework of residents' creation of food access and acquisition. Many residents feel that, given the metropolitan structure of Chicago, they can access the resources necessary for their gastronomic lives. Further, they do not conceive of food access as embedded in a static environment but as created from their activities and their opportunities for mobility. They treat the wider Chicago metropolis as their community, particularly areas that are easily accessible by car. Immigrants explain that they can find products from their homeland. They report that compared to past decades, the availability of Mexican products is greater today: both a larger variety of products and an increased diversity of outlets that sell these products. These findings suggest that in the case of Mexican Chicago, the dual imageries of food desert and food oasis are inadequate. Residents highlight access to transportation and the presence of stores that cater to a wide variety of eaters.
El aprendizaje por descubrimiento. Un cambio metodológico para aprender Didáctica de la Historia.
Authors: Molina Torres María Pilar
Published: November 2020

El presente trabajo muestra una experiencia didáctica cuyo principal objetivo se ha centrado en incorporar dinámicas de trabajo en equipo con el alumnado de cuarto curso de Educación Primaria y en adquirir las competencias educativas para aproximarse al origen y evolución del ser humano, a las formas de vida prehistóricas, y a las manifestaciones culturales y artísticas creadas por aquellos primeros humanos, en el período más largo de la Humanidad. Mediante la implementación de una metodología investigativa se analizaron los acontecimientos históricos relacionados con el periodo que abarca desde el Paleolítico hasta la Edad de los Metales y se buscó fortalecer las capacidades históricas de los/as estudiantes con la realización de ejercicios que trabajaron el tiempo histórico y el espacio cronológico donde se desarrollaron los hechos más relevantes de la Prehistoria. Los resultados de su puesta en práctica mostraron a un alumnado capaz de analizar e interpretar acontecimientos con coherencia y perspectiva históricas. Las conclusiones que arroja la propuesta destacan por el trabajo cooperativo como instrumento para garantizar el aprendizaje de indagación y el conocimiento del patrimonio prehistórico.
Identidade propia e industrias creativas e culturais. O caso das rexións europeas.
Authors: Amoedo Meijide José Manuel , González López Manuel
Published: November 2020

Neste artigo analizamos o impacto que ten a identidade cultural e a autonomía política na capacidade das rexións europeas para desenvolver o sector das industrias creativas e culturais. En primeiro lugar, facemos unha recompilación da literatura existente sobre os factores clave para explicar a aglomeración das ditas industrias. En segundo lugar, presentamos as nosas hipóteses sobre o efecto da identidade propia nas industrias culturais e creativas. A continuación, mostramos catro modelos econométricos que relacionan estes conceptos no caso das rexións europeas. Finalmente, expoñemos as principais conclusións do traballo, que poden resumirse na existencia dun impacto positivo da identidade propia no desenvolvemento das industrias creativas e culturais nas rexións europeas.
Blue governance: Sustainable port governance
Authors: López-Bermúdez Beatriz , Freire-Seoane Maria Jesús , Pateiro-Rodríguez Carlos
Published: November 2020

This research presents a proposal for a study of governance from the perspective presented in the Integrated Maritime Policy (IMP) of the European Union, which seeks to provide coherence to the problems in the maritime sector through the coordination of all stakeholders in the maritime sector. The objective of this research is to identify the barriers and the problems that occur when a Member State tries to implement the Integrated Maritime Policy in the governmental organization of marine spaces. The challenge is to achieve ‘blue governance’ i.e.the activation of a network of cooperation between the different stakeholders of the port sectors so as to be able to integrate the different regional, national, European and international levels with the purpose of establishing a structured, systematic collaboration framework
El lenguaje como sentido y significación en la filosofía de Gottlob Frege y Xavier Zubiri
Authors: Martínez Vásquez Luis Arturo
Published: November 2020

El presente estudio pretende exponer las nociones de signo, sentido, referencia y representación en la propuesta filosófica de Friedrich Ludwig Gottlob Frege (1848-1925), así como las de expresión, señal, signo y significación en la filosofía madura de Xavier Zubiri Apalategui (1898-1983), con la pretensión de identificar relaciones y diferencias, tanto en los puntos de partida de sus planteamientos sobre lenguaje, así como en los conceptos que articulan sus propuestas. De esta manera se concluye que Zubiri aporta tanto aspectos generales como precisiones terminológicas a la filosofía del lenguaje en la actualidad.
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of wood degradation in old architecture
Authors: Sun He , Yang Yan , Han Yanxia , Tian Mingjin , Li Bin , Han Li , Wang Aifeng , Wang Wei , Zhao Rui , He Yiming
Published: November 2020

To investigate the decay mechanisms of red oak (Quercus rubra) and hemor (Schima spp.) woods in the old architectural structure of Xichuan Guild Hall, chemical composition changes were determined and analyzed with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results showed that decaying resulted in a noticeable decrease of the O/C from 0.59 to 0.42 in the red oak wooden components. The increase of C1 contribution, decrease of C4 contribution, increase of O1 and O3 contributions, and decrease of O2 contribution indicated that the carbohydrates in red oak wooden components can be easily degraded by fungi compared with lignin. Moreover, decaying resulted in a slight decrease of the O/C from 0.49 to 0.47 in the hemor wooden components. The results of increase of C1 contribution, decrease of C3 and C4 contributions, increase of O1, and decrease of O2 and O3 contributions indicated that carbohydrate and lignin were all degraded by fungi.
Contribution of Low Enthalpy Geothermal Energy in the Retrofit of a Single-Family House: A Comparison between Two Technologies
Authors: Diana D’Agostino  , Francesco Minichiello  , Angela Valentino
Published: November 2020

In recent years, the European Union has developed a sustainable, competitive, safe, and “decarbonised” energy approach. To achieve this objective, especially in highly urbanized contexts, there is a need to drastically improve the energy behavior of buildings and related energy systems. For this purpose, the aim of this paper is to analyse two very promising technologies that exploit the geothermal energy of the ground: the Earth-to-Air Heat eXchanger (EAHX) and the Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP). These two systems are used as an energy retrofit strategy for the air conditioning system in an existing single-family house, located in Naples (south Italy). The building and the related systems are dynamically simulated using the DesignBuilder software. The results show energy savings of these two systems (compared to a traditional solution with an air-to-water heat pump) between 13% and 28%, with a total yearly primary energy consumption of about 80 kWh/m2 for the case with EAHX and around 67 kWh/m2 for the case with GSHP.
ПРАВИЛА ЯЗЫКА — РЕЧИ — СЛОВА В ПСАЛТИРИ, ПРИТЧАХ СОЛОМОНА И ЕВАНГЕЛИИ
Authors: Annushkin Vladimir
Published: November 2020

Spiritual texts implicitly contain rules and recommendations for the construction of speech communication. These rules are derived from direct references to the language-speech-word, or indicate speech actions or language actions. The texts of the Psalter, the book of Proverbs of Solomon, and the Holy Gospel are selected for this article. The author identified direct or hidden references to the terms language-speech-word-mouth that express judgments about the content or evaluation of these words in the life of a person. All these terms are used in the sense of “an instrument of communication, an instrument of organizing human contacts.” And they all receive a fundamentally dual moral and ethical assessment: language-speech-word can either “praise God” and be “words of good,” carry “joy in the response of the mouth,” or become an instrument of evil (“slander”), deception (“flattery”), suffering and destruction (“flood verbs”). Compared with oral pre-literate speech in folklore at a new stage of civilization development, these terms have acquired new meanings in written and printed literature: the term language obtains the meaning of “people” (in the Psalter), the term word becomes of overriding importance for European culture as the Word of God (the Holy Gospel), and the term mouth is metaphorically used most frequently in the Proverbs of Solomon. The revealed position in regard to the primacy of moral and ethical requirements for the speaker in the preparation of speech, when “pure heart” is mentioned first (“create a pure heart in me, oh God”), about righteousness and wisdom (in “Parables”), about the qualities of a person (see the Beatitudes), and only then it is about actions “of the tongue and mouth.” The duality of assessments of language-speech-word also speaks of the dual nature of man, who either “praises God with his mouth” or receives “judgment” for idle and false words. The analysis of judgments about language-speech-word-mouth in spiritual texts allows us to form recommendations and instructions for language acts and actions of a modern person who must preserve moral and cultural traditions and creatively apply the newly revealed rules in their own speech acts.