bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Introduction and Tutorial to Fitting (Time-Dependent) Diffusion Models with the R-Package dRiftDM
Authors: Koob Valentin , Richter Thomas , Ulrich Rolf , Janczyk Markus
Published: June 2024

Using mathematical models of human cognition has become an increasingly important and valuable research tool in many different fields of psychological research and neighboring areas. Widely used are drift diffusion models (DDMs) that can be used to predict probability density functions (PDFs) of binary choice reaction tasks. Often, the parameters of such a model are time-independent (i.e., they do not vary as a function of time within a trial). However, the more general case is that of time-dependent parameters. Several recent models, for example, assume time-dependency for the drift rate and/or the boundaries. Such time-dependent (or non-stationary) models increase mathematical complexity, but several solutions to approximate the PDFs have been advanced. We here present dRiftDM, an R package particularly designed to meet the needs of psychological research. This package approximates the PDFs by solving the Kolmogorov-Forward-Equation to handle time-dependent models as well. Fitting a model to data can be done participant-wise, and model parameters and statistics are easily accessible and can be visualized directly to provide information about (qualitative) model fits. Hands-on examples for using pre-built models and for developing own models are provided.
Burkina Faso long-term climate change resilience: the Badolo ResesilienceBurkina 2075 scenario
Authors: Badolo Mathieu
Published: June 2024

The global challenge of climate change resilience for Burkina Faso is to build configurations of its main economic and social development sectors on which climate change will have only residual direct and indirect impacts. This resilience challenge is a complex and long-term challenge that will require specific scientific achievements for efficient long-term results-based climate change management plans. The main result of this article is the scenario Badolo ResesilienceBurkina 2075 scenario, a new scientific tool for Burkina Faso long-term resilience planning, management and monitoring. It implements climate change impact chains, residual impacts, residual vulnerabilities, partial resilience configurations and resilience trajectory segments concepts to establish resilience schemes that achieve Burkina Faso inclusive and low-carbon resilience configurations by 2075.Basically, the Badolo ResilienceBurkina 2075 scenario is an innovative tool for improving the relevance and efficiency of public action for Burkina Faso long-term resilience to climate change. Specifically, it achieves inclusive and low-carbon resilience configurations that includes the specificities of the different regions of the country.
Right and left-handed pitch-type recognition among hitters and pitchers in baseball: Testing the motor simulation hypothesis
Authors: Besler Zachary Andrew , Muller Sean , Chua Romeo , Hodges Nicola Jane
Published: June 2024

Both visual and motor experiences impact action prediction, yet through potentially different mechanisms. Having physical experience with an action is thought to engage motor simulative processes, potentially activating the watcher’s motor system in an effector-specific manner, aiding prediction. Leveraging baseball’s unique specialization demands, we assessed pitch discrimination in athletes with predominantly visual experience seeing pitches (hitters, n = 41; 7 = left-handed hitters) and motor experience producing pitches (pitchers, n = 42; 9 = left-handed). Videos of right-handed (RH) pitches, with temporal occlusion applied at or after ball release, of three different pitches, were used to assess pitch prediction accuracy. Two versions of each video clip were shown; the original RH clips were “flipped” to make the pitcher appear to throw left-handed (LH). Pitchers and hitters had reliable responses and showed high accuracy (~70%) and discriminability. Pitchers were more discriminatory than hitters when contrasting two pitch types with the same initial trajectory and speed, but different postural cues (curveballs and changeups; d’ pitchers = 2.18, hitters = 1.88). Although there was the predicted interaction for the pitchers when comparing LH and RH pitchers watching LH and RH videos (p<.05), only LH pitchers showed a trend for a same-side, LH video advantage (p=.06). Because pitchers did not differ in accuracy from hitters, despite a lack of visual experience seeing and responding, this suggests that their motor experience aided predictions. However, there was only partial support for a simulation explanation based on effector specificity (due to absence of any differences in RH pitchers).
The relationship between love, number of children, and level of emotional intelligence.
Authors: Hudyma Dominika
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study was to understand the relationship between love, number of children, and level of emotional intelligence. Specifically, it investigated whether emotional intelligence affects the number of children and how it correlates with the love components of passion, intimacy and commitment. The results indicate that emotional intelligence is significantly related to commitment and relationship duration. On the other hand, passion correlates negatively with the number of children, relationship duration. Intimacy shows a negative relationship only with the number of children.
More than Money Over Time: A Verbal Self-Report Scale for Measuring Intertemporal Preferences
Authors: Krefeld-Schwalb Antonia , Bartels Daniel , Johnson Eric J.
Published: June 2024

IIntertemporal preferences have become an increasingly important construct for understanding individual behavior. Most measures of intertemporal preferences have focused on tradeoffs between smaller monetary amounts that are available sooner and larger later monetary amounts. But individuals make time-value tradeoffs in many other domains, too, like health and work. We developed a new approach, the Intertemporal Preferences in Choice Behavior (IPICB) scale, which uses verbal self-report items derived from crowdsourcing and previous research. The IPICB measures preferences in three domains: Health: maintaining a healthy lifestyle; Personal Finance: saving, investing and spending wisely; and Effort: a preference for getting things done rather sooner than later. We find domain-specific predictive validity for a large variety of behaviors and indices (e.g., Credit scores, intentions to get vaccinated, filing tax returns on time). The IPICB explains additional variance beyond standard elicited intertemporal preferences, even when self-control and other covariates (numeracy, social desirability and parents’ SES). The IPICB’s accessible verbal format allows widespread application for studying individuals’ intertemporal preferences.
Who Are the Online Commenters: A Large-scale Representative Survey to Explore the Identity and Motivation of Online Commenters
Authors: van der Linden Liesje , Waterschoot Cedric , van den Hemel Ernst , Kunneman Florian , Bosch Antal van den , Krahmer Emiel
Published: June 2024

The identity of online commenters is frequently associated with stereotypes such as ‘the angry white male’. However, the predominance of a small unrepresentative group in online commenting sections in response to news articles potentially causes a disproportionate influence on the public debate. In order to estimate how disproportionate the situation is, we uncovered the demographic composition of online commenting sections by conducting a large-scale survey (n=5,490) with a representative sample of the Dutch population – the LISS panel. We combined this data with demographic background variables and previously collected data on political views and values, to provide a detailed description of the identity of online commenters in comparison to non-commenters. Our results show that online commenters are overall somewhat more likely to be male (55%), and the age group of 45-54 years old has the largest share of commenters (18% for men, 13% for women). Furthermore, we found little or no differences for education levels, income, location, political preferences, and cultural background, suggesting that there is no striking overrepresentation of specific groups among online commenters in general. However, when looking at the profiles of online commenters as a function of the topic and platform of discussion, differences start to emerge for gender, age, and education levels. For example, men are more present in discussions about politics (67%), and women are more likely to engage in discussions on social media over internal commenting platforms. Lastly, we found no differences related to age and gender distributions for those with a higher commenting frequency, but a higher frequency does go hand in hand with more support for national populist and radical-right political parties and a decreased trust in politics. Taken together, our findings provide a nuanced picture of who online commenters are, and how representative they are of the general population.
„Związek pomiędzy miłością, liczbą dzieci a poczuciem jakości życia”
Authors: Więckowska Michalina
Published: June 2024

Przeprowadziłam badanie korelacyjne by sprawdzić związek miłości i liczby dzieci z poczuciem satysfakcji z życia. Miłość rozumiana jest w moim badaniu w myśl trójkątnego modelu miłości Sternberga, który mierzy miłość przy pomocy trzech czynników: zaangażowanie, namiętności oraz intymności. Zgodnie z moją hipotezą namiętność w związku powinna wpływać na liczbę dzieci, zwiększając ją, ponieważ większy pociąg seksualny do drugiej osoby, skutkuję częstszymi kontaktami seksualnymi. Uważam, że wpływ na posiadaną liczbę dzieci ma także poczucie jakości życia, ponieważ zgodnie z moim przypuszczeniem człowiek szczęśliwszy ma wyższy poziom namiętności i charakteryzuję się częstszymi kontaktami seksualnymi, co skutkować powinno większą ilością posiadanych dzieci. Wyniki jednak nie wskazują na związek pomiędzy posiadanyi dziećmi a miłością i satysfakcją z życia. Wskazują natomiast na to, że poczucie jakości życia jest wyższe u osób, które otrzymują więcej miłości. Z każdym z trzech komponentów miłości, wystąpiła istotna korelacja z poczuciem jakości życi. Oznaczać to może, żę im bardziej jest się kochanym tym jest się szczęśliwszym.
Efficiency enhancement of solar cell using mirror concentrator
Authors: Tawhid Mohammad M. , Ali Mohammad
Published: June 2024

This research is done to find out a method by which the efficiency of a solar cell can be increased by using mirror concentrator to get a higher power and optimum efficiency. At first the sun lights are incident on the mirror concentrator made of plane glass and then the reflected rays are incident to the solar cell. Flat mirror concentrator (FMC) has been used to increase the incident irradiance on solar panel system by concentrating the sun light ray on it and then to improve the cell performance. A comparison is made for the same PV solar panel systems using single and triple flat mirror concentrator. It is a beneficial and important theory of solar power plant sector. It can be used in household and any kind of industrial area. The FMC consists of two flat mirrors made of glass, with dimensions (170cm × 80cm) enclosed by aluminum frame and inclined to an angle 55° with a solar panel (160cm × 120cm) tilted at 45° from the horizon. The results indicated that when the concentrator is used with the solar panel the efficiency increased by a factor of 4.52% to 11.34%. So, the increase in efficiency of the solar cell is 6.82%.
Effects of open dumping site on surrounding air, soil, and water: a case study of Biratnagar metropolitan city
Authors: Gautam Aastha , Malla Diya , Khatiwada Aadarsh , Kafley Ghanashyam , Shah Sujit Kr , Kafle Sagar
Published: June 2024

Managing solid waste is one of the emerging challenges in urban areas, and open dumping and burning is common practices mostly in developing countries like Nepal. Which affects the overall surroundings. The study has investigated the effects of open dumping and burning in nearby air, soil, and river water in dumping site of Biratnagar metropolitan city. For studying the effects on air, the three samples of air were taken, at center and 100m upstream and downstream to the direction of wind flow. Soil samples were taken at 10m from the dumping site center, at 25m from the first sample and at 60m from the second sample, and the water samples were taken at leachate and 100 m upstream and downstream to the leachate. Soil and water were subjected to the physiochemical test, heavy metals test and microbes test whereas PM 2.5, and PM 10 were tested for air  quality. The results showed that the air from upstream has been seen carrying particulate matter from the dumping site to downstream. Similarly, it is found that the quality of water at leachate and downstream is degraded compared to upstream. The soil quality has been found to have degraded due to the harmful and toxic material of the dumping site. Thus, this study shows that open dumping and burning have affected the nearby air, water, and soil.
Skojarzenia słowne jako kontekst do badań nad słownictwem pól tematycznych CHRZEST i POGRZEB w języku mieszkańców wsi wielkopolskich
Authors: Surma Michalina
Published: June 2024

Przedmiot badań stanowią skojarzenia słowne związane z perspektywą obrzędową (skojarzenia do słów: chrzest, pogrzeb) i biologiczną (skojarzenia do słów: narodziny, śmierć ). Dane językowe pozyskano metodą ankietową w ankiecie internetowej przeprowadzonej pomiędzy 22 kwietnia 2021 a 22 maja 2021 przez Formularze Google. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza skojarzeń słownych w kontekście budowy kwestionariusza do badań dialektologicznych. Badanie ankietowe ma pomóc wprowadzić zmiany w kwestionariuszu do badań terenowych. Pozyskane dane uporządkowano w pola semantyczne i przeanalizowano w perspektywie frekwencyjnej i pokoleniowej. Rezultaty prowadzonej obserwacji mają charakter poznawczy (analiza wyników pozwoliła na wskazanie nadrzędnych dla pól leksemów) oraz praktyczny – (wprowadzenie zmian w kwestionariuszu, a także na wybór perspektywy badawczej).
„Człowiek jest stworzony na podobieństwo Boga, zwierzęta na podobieństwo rzeczy” – dyskurs wegetarianki w powieści Elizabeth Costello Johna Maxwella Coetzee
Authors: Stanecka Agnieszka
Published: June 2024

W powieści Elizabeth Costello autorstwa J.M.Coetzee tytułowa bohaterka, mimo iż jest cenioną pisarką, wydaje się być kompletnie niezrozumiana i nieakceptowana w związku ze swoimi stanowczymi poglądami na temat traktowania zwierząt i spożywania mięsa. Kontrowersyjne opinie poparte wyjątkowo sugestywnymi argumentami i intelektualnymi rozważaniami zawstydzają nie tylko słuchaczy wystąpień publicznych Elizabeth Costello, ale także jej syna, który jest pracownikiem uniwersytetu, na którym kobieta ma wykład. Argumenty i porównania, których używa Costello zawsze wywołują zainteresowanie. Szeroki kalejdoskop dziedzin, jakie Elizabeth Costello stosuje do wyjaśnienia swoich poglądów, daje czytelnikowi możliwość wielopłaszczyznowego spojrzenia na zagadnienie spożywania mięsa, a nade wszystko traktowania zwierząt przez człowieka. Celem artykułu jest omówienie poglądów i dyskursu, jakim posługuje się bohaterka powieści w celu wpłynięcia na odbiorców jej wykładów.
Improving Students’ Learning Outcomes in Indonesian Language Subject on Writing Texts of Fantasy Materials Through the Application of Problem Based Learning Learning Models
Authors: Irman Irman
Published: June 2024

One of the causes of low learning outcomes in low student Indonesian lessons is the application of learning models that are less able to make students active in participating in learning activities. So it is necessary to innovate learning models that can activate students. The purpose of this study is to analyze the application of the Problem Based Learning learning model to the results of learning Indonesian, especially the lesson of writing students' fantasy story texts. This research is a type of classroom action research with 2 cycles. With research subjects namely class VIII students totaling 32 students. data is collected by giving a test of learning outcomes to students. The collected data were analyzed using quantitative descriptive statistical analysis techniques. The results of the study in the first cycle showed an average value of 77, while in the second cycle, it was 82. So it can be concluded that the use of the Problem Based Learning learning model can improve student learning outcomes. The implication of this research is to teach students to work together in groups, use information to try to solve problems and students are trained to synthesize knowledge and skills before they apply them to problems.
Increasing Studentss’ Effetive Reading Speed Competence by Using The Klos Method at SMP Negeri 02 Rumbia, Indonesia Sitti Jumarni Maduha
Authors: Jumarni Maduha Sitti
Published: June 2024

The effective speed of reading has a very important role, because with fast reading accompanied by the ability to understand quality reading one can master science and technology. However, the habit of reading Indonesian that is not good has a negative impact on a person's level of readability, especially a student. To overcome this much needed effort and creativity of the teacher. One of them is through the application of the klos method in learning to read. This study aims to increase the Effective Reading Speed (KEM) using the clos method for Class VIII students of SMP Negeri 02 Rumbia. This classroom action research took place at SMP Negeri 02 Rumbia grade VIII, with a total of 30 students. Implementation of activities carried out through three cycles. Data from the three cycles are in the form of student and teacher observations during the learning process. The entire data was analyzed qualitatively. While the data on the results of the Effective Reading Speed (KEM) test for students using the KLOS method were analyzed quantitatively. The results of the data analysis show that learning speed reading activities using the KLOS method can increase students' Effective Reading Speed (KEM).
Ação do nematoide entomopatogênico, Steinernema rarum e sua bactéria simbionte sobre formigas lava-pés (Solenopsis spp.)
Authors:   , Babesco Carolina Egidio
Published: June 2024

O gênero Solenopsis inclui cerca de 191 espécies e são conhecidas como “formigas lava-pés” ou “formigas de fogo”. Essas formigas são altamente agressivas às perturbações da colônia e podem causar acidentes com suas ferroadas. Também podem causar prejuízos econômicos na agricultura por dificultar a colheita manual, se alimentarem de algumas culturas e terem relação mutualística com insetos sugadores de seiva. Por isso, existe um grande interesse na descoberta de novos produtos e métodos que sejam eficientes no controle desses insetos. Os objetivos deste projeto foram avaliar a ação do nematoide entomopatogênico Steinernema rarum e sua bactéria simbionte sobre formigas lava-pés (Solenopsis spp.) em condições de laboratório e em campo, avaliar a ocorrência natural de nematoides entomopatogênicos (NEPs) em ninhos de formigas lava-pés antes e após a sua aplicação e identificar molecularmente as espécies de formigas lava-pés para os testes em laboratório e de campo.
Examining the Stability and Durability of Child Care Arrangements during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Canada
Authors: Hacioglu Busra , Burns Samantha , Davidson Adrienne , Perlman Michal , White Linda A.
Published: June 2024

La pandémie de COVID-19 a provoqué d'importantes perturbations dans tous les secteurs du travail et de la vie familiale, y compris les services de garde éducatifs à l'enfance (SGÉE). Les recherches démontrent que l'instabilité (soit les interruptions aux services de garde) et l'absence de durabilité des SGÉE (soit le maintien des mêmes services de garde au fil du temps) peuvent exacerber le stress des parents et nuire au développement de l'enfant. S'inspirant des données d'un sondage original réalisé en décembre 2020 auprès de 882 parents de jeunes enfants de quatre provinces canadiennes, les autrices ont examiné les choix des parents au sujet de la garde d'enfants avant la pandémie et les répercussions de la COVID-19 sur ces dispositions, dans l'immédiat et à long terme. Dans leur échantillon, elles ont trouvé que a) les services hors du domicile étaient plus instables et plutôt moins durables que ceux à domicile; b) la perte d'accès pendant la pandémie à cause de la fermeture des centres de la petite enfance était moins marquée en Colombie-Britannique, ce qui était toutefois contrebalancé par un taux relativement élevé de retraits volontaires; c) l'Ontario a présenté un taux relativement élevé de pertes d'accès en raison des fermetures et des retraits volontaires; d) dans l'ensemble, 64 % des dispositions en matière de garde se sont révélées durables, mais e) la durabilité était plus faible dans les familles à plus faible revenu et en Ontario. En revanche, la durabilité était beaucoup plus élevée au Québec, ce qui fait ressortir le rôle possible des investissements dans les politiques des SGÉE pour protéger les parents et les enfants en cas d’événements déstabilisants.
Debating Decolonization: The Use of Postcolonial Metatheatre in Murray Carlin’s Not Now, Sweet Desdemona
Authors: Eward-Mangione Angela
Published: June 2024

This article considers Not Now, Sweet Desdemona (1967) by the South African playwright Murray Carlin as an intervention in the critical and performance histories of Othello, situating Shakespeare’s tragedy within contemporary postcolonial and apartheid-era debates. Carlin’s play reveals multiple interlocking layers of meta-commentary to illustrate the ways in which Othello is haunted by postcolonialism. This reading builds on Marvin Carlson’s notion of the haunted stage as well as Joanne Tompkins’s account of postcolonial metatheatre, in which an embedded counter-discourse assists in the rereading, restructuring, and resituating of a “base” play. In the case of Not Now, Sweet Desdemona, Carlin engages metatheatrically with racist and misogynist discourses as well as with fields that are less often mentioned in discussions of postcolonial metatheatre, such as literary criticism and theatre history. Through these engagements, Carlin positions Othello as both a historical vector for racist ideologies and a more contemporary tool for challenging and dismantling systemic oppression.
Martin Kagel and David Z. Saltz, eds. Open Wounds: Holocaust Theater and the Legacy of George Tabori
Authors: Plunka Gene A.
Published: June 2024

This collection of essays fills a gap in the critical literature in English on Hungarian-German Holocaust playwright and director George Tabori. The book will be useful for scholars in theatre, German, and comparative literature departments.
Macroscale Fracture Appearances
Authors: Christie David M. , Parrington Ronald J.
Published: June 2024

This article provides practical guidance for interpreting macroscale fracture appearances. It focuses on metallic fracture features. The article covers the important distinctions between ductile and brittle fracture and the influence of the type of loading on the facture-surface orientation. It discusses both ductile fracture and brittle fracture macroscale features. Finally, it delves into fracture-initiation sites and metal-processing effects on fracture appearance, including castings, powder metals, additive manufacturing, and surface treatments.
İnsan Yüzü Modifikasyonu için Farklı Bir GAN Modeli
Authors: Kardal Emre , Nabiyev Vasif
Published: June 2024

Günümüzde aktif olarak kullanılan Üretken Çekişmeli Ağlar (GAN'lar), makine öğrenmesi ve yapay zeka alanlarında son teknoloji yöntemlerden biridir. GAN'lar, iki sinir ağının (Üretici ve Ayırt Edici) rekabetçi bir şekilde birbirlerini eğiterek yüksek karmaşıklıktaki veri örneklerini işlemelerine ve bu sayede gerçekçi yapay görüntüler, sesler veya videolar üretmelerine olanak tanır. Genel olarak GAN algoritması kullanan modeller, rastgele gürültü örnekleri ile rastgele sonuçlar üretmektedir. Ancak, bu çalışmada geliştirilen farklı bir GAN modeli, belirli koşullara uygun olarak modifiye edilmesi istenen hedef yüzlerin gerçekçi sonuçlar oluşturmasına odaklanmaktadır. Bu modelin tasarımında, hedef yüz verileri girdi olarak kullanılarak, bu yüzlerin istenilen özelliklere göre (örneğin, sakal ekleme, kellik, vb.) modifiye edilmesi sağlanmıştır. Deneysel sonuçlar, belirli koşullar altında üretilen çıktının kayda değer başarılar elde ettiğini göstermiştir. Özellikle, geriye yönelik bir eğitim süreci olmamasına rağmen, modelin çıktısı giriş olarak tekrar kullanıldığında, eski fotoğrafın yeniden oluşturulmasında %62 başarı elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca, fotoğrafların arka planı silinerek sadece yüz için yapılan hesaplamalar sonucunda bu başarı oranı ortalama %85'e yükselmiştir. Bu çalışma, GAN modellerinin sadece rastgele gürültü ile sonuç üretmekten öte, belirli koşullara uygun gerçekçi modifikasyonlar yapabilme potansiyelini göstermektedir. Ulaşılan bu başarı oranları, özellikle güvenlik sistemleri, estetik cerrahi, film endüstrisi ve bilgisayar yaratıcılığı gibi alanlarda GAN modellerinin kullanım potansiyelini artırmaktadır.
Comparative Analysis of Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment Methods in Ağrı Cement Factory: Fine-Kinney vs. 3T Approach
Authors: İnanlı Azize , Özbakır Okan
Published: June 2024

Occupational health and safety is essential to protect, maintain and improve the physical, psychological and social well-being of employees and to prevent harmful factors. One way to prevent occupational hazards is to identify them in the workplace. Therefore, providing information to assist in making the necessary decisions to reduce occupational hazards, and conducting hazard identification and risk assessment will contribute significantly. In this study, the risks identified at Ağrı Cement Factory were classified using the Fine-Kinney method and the 3T risk assessment method, and the results were compared. The 3T method is superior to the Fine-Kinney method because of its modular structure. The high risks that require immediate action in the Fine-Kinney method appear to be prioritized similarly in the 3T method as well. However, in the Fine-Kinney method, significant, possible, and risks are considered among the top 3 priority risks, while in the 3T method, they are considered among the top 2 priority risks. It has been observed that a risk assessment utilizing the Fine-Kinney method will be successful if continuously updated. Difficulty in selecting the probability component has led to elevating risk values in the Fine-Kinney risk assessments by selecting a higher level of risk. Although both methods exhibit different approaches, the 3T methodology has been understood to provide a comprehensive perspective by considering risk in terms of threat, performance, and harm. This approach has addressed different dimensions to understand the origins, impacts, and consequences of risks. On the other hand, the Fine-Kinney Risk Assessment Method, relying on weighting and scoring factors specific to project characteristics and factors, has been reported to evaluate risk in a more analytical manner. It has been concluded that this methodology will be successful in calculating risk scores by considering specific project characteristics and risk profiles.
Creating a Lactation Model for 305-Day Milk Yield with Different Resampling Techniques (Bagging Mars) in Mars Modeling
Authors: Çanga Boğa Demet
Published: June 2024

The main purpose of this research is to obtain a prediction model for milk yield by using Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) and Bagging MARS algorithms as a non-parametric regression technique. For this purpose, the effects on milk yield of 305 days were investigated by using lactation parameters in dairy cattle. In the study, 9337 lactation milk yield records belonging to 37 animals belonging to the 2022-2023 period were used and the data set was created by randomly ordering the animals. Data on milk yield results were analyzed with MARS and Bagging MARS algorithms. For dairy cattle; it was modeled with explanatory variables such as lactation month (month), service period (SP), last 7 days average milk yield (L7DMMY), animal's first birth age (FP), animal's age (Age), number of lactations (LN).Correlation coefficient (r), coefficient of determination (R2), Adjusted R2, Root of Square Mean Error (RMSE), standard deviation ratio (SD ratio), mean absolute percent error (MAPE), mean absolute for MARS algorithm estimating total average milk yield deviation (MAD) and Akaike Information Criteria (AIC) values are 0.9986, 0.997, 0.977, 0.142, 0.052, 0.2389, 0.086 and -88, respectively. Similar statistics for the Bagging MARS algorithm are 0.754, 0.556, 0.453, 1.8, 0.666, 3.96, 1.47, and 115, respectively. It has been observed that MARS and Bagging MARS algorithms provide correct results according to the goodness of fit statistics. In this study, it was revealed that MARS algorithm gave better results in milk yield modeling of 305-day lactation.
Deprem Yalıtımlı Tank Tasarımında Yönetmeliklerin Doğrusal Olmayan Analiz Prensiplerinin İrdelenmesi
Authors: Kılıç Samet
Published: June 2024

Endüstriyel tanklarda, depremlerde hasarları engellemek için, günümüzde sismik yalıtım kullanılmaktadır. Sismik yalıtım, zaman tanım alanında doğrusal olmayan analizler gerektirir. Yalıtımlı tanklar için doğrusal olmayan analiz prensipleri Eurocode8, ASCE7-16 ve diğer kodlarda detaylı olarak verilmiştir ve binalara benzer yapılar için tanımlanan kurallar tanklar için önerilmiştir. Türkiye Boru Hattı Sistemleri ve Sıvı Depolama Tankları Deprem Yönetmeliği’nde, yalıtımlı tankların tasarımında Türkiye Bina Deprem Yönetmeliği’ne yönlendirme yapılmaktadır. Yaygın tank tasarım kodlarına Eurocode8 Part4, API 650 ve New Zeland Yönetmeliği örnektir. Bu yönetmeliklerde sismik yalıtım esaslarından bahsedilmiş fakat tüm tasarım prensipleri tanımlanmamış, ilgili ülkelerin deprem yönetmeliklerine atıfta bulunulmuştur. Tank ve deprem yönetmelikleri kıyaslandığında, doğrusal olmayan analiz prensiplerinin sismik yalıtımlı tanklar için uyumsuzluğu görülmüştür. Bu çalışmada, mevcut yönetmeliklerin sismik yalıtım prensipleri incelenmiştir. Bir adet atmosferik basınçlı, 10m yüksekliğinde, içerisinde su bulunduran çelik tank boyutlandırılıp, uygun yalıtım sistemi tasarımı yapılmış ve doğrusal olmayan analizler için ANSYS kullanılarak, deprem yalıtım sistemleri değerlendirilmiştir. Taban kesme kuvvetleri, yalıtım birimi çekme kuvvetleri, hidrodinamik tank duvarı gerilmeleri ve çalkalanma dalgası yüksekliği sonuçları deprem ölçekleme metotları kıyaslanarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bunlar sonucunda, deprem ölçekleme yöntemlerinin elde edilen sonuçları değiştirdiği, yalıtım biriminin çekme ve basınç kuvveti kapasitelerinde yer değiştirmiş izdüşüm alanının belirleyici olduğu, yalıtım sisteminin tanklarda darbesel mod üzerinde etkili olduğu, devinimsel modda olmadığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
Üre-Formaldehit Reçinesi Katı Atıklarının Tarımsal Gübre Olarak Kullanımı
Authors: Eryilmaz Hasan , Demirarslan Kazım Onur , Aykan Recep
Published: June 2024

Bu araştırmada temel amaç; orman ürünleri sanayinde çıkan üre-formaldehit reçineleri (UFR) atıklarının, çevre dostu sayılabilecek “iyi tarım” uygulamalarında gübre olarak, nasıl yeniden kullanılabileceğini incelemektir. Yani esas hedef, UFR atıklarının tarımsal faaliyetlerde kullanılmasının, bitki büyümesi üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirmek ve bu atıkların çevresel sürdürülebilirlik açısından potansiyelini ortaya koymaktır. Çalışma, UFR atıklarının tarım sektöründe verimli bir şekilde kullanıldığında olumlu etkiler sağladığını göstermektedir. Bu atıkların toprak verimliliğini artırdığı, bitki büyümesini teşvik ettiği ve topraktaki besin maddelerinin daha etkili bir şekilde kullanılmasına olanak tanıdığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, UFR atıklarının çevre dostu bir gübre kaynağı olarak kullanılması, atık yönetimi ve tarım uygulamaları arasındaki çevresel ve ekonomik bağlantıyı güçlendirecektir. Bu çalışmada, UFR atıklarının tarımsal gübre olarak kullanılmasının sürdürülebilir bir strateji olabileceği ve bu yaklaşımın çevresel faydalarının yanı sıra tarım sektöründeki ekonomik etkilerini de iyileştirebileceği ortaya konulmuştur. Bu bağlamda; UFR atıkları dâhil tüm atıkların verimli bir şekilde değerlendirilmesi, çevre dostu olabilecek “iyi tarım” uygulamalarının teşvik edilmesi ve tarımın sürdürülebilirliğine katkıda bulunulması, önemli bir araştırma önerisidir.
Toz Metalürjisi ve Sıcak Preslemeyle Üretilen Karbon Nanotüp Katkılı Al6061 Matrisli Kompozitlerin Mikroyapısının ve Mekanik Özelliklerinin Araştırılması
Authors: Şenel Mahmut Can , Şenbaş Tülin
Published: June 2024

Alüminyum esaslı kompozitler; hafif olmaları, iyi ısıl ve elektriksel iletkenliğe sahip olmaları, mekanik dayanımlarının yüksek olması sebebiyle çeşitli endüstriyel alanlarda (havacılık, otomotiv, uzay sanayi vb.) sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, toz metalürjisi ve sıcak presleme yöntemleriyle karbon nanotüp (KNT) katkılı (ağırlıkça %0,1-0,5) Al6061 esaslı kompozitler üretilmiştir. Üretilen numunelerin faz yapısı ve mikroyapısı analiz edilip deneysel yoğunluğu, gözeneklilik oranı, sertliği ve basma dayanımı tespit edilmiştir. Yürütülen testler sonucunda Al6061 alaşımına kıyasla Al6061-%0,1KNT kompozitin sertliğinin ve basma dayanımının sırasıyla %10,2 ve %21 oranlarında iyileştiği görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak karbon nanotüp katkısının ağırlıkça belirli bir orana (%0,1) kadar mekanik özellikleri iyileştirdiği ve karbon nanotüpün alüminyum matrisli kompozitler için etkili bir takviye elemanı olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Photovoltaic Thermal PV/T Solar Panels and Practical Applications
Authors: Altınkök Sevgi , Altınkök Atılgan
Published: June 2024

The research and development of renewable energy resources for energy production are of utmost importance due to factors such as the restricted utilization of fossil fuels and the escalating presence of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere resulting from their usage. The conversion of solar energy into electrical energy is made possible through the utilization of photovoltaic (PV) technology. Nevertheless, due to the PV cells' efficiency ranging between 15% and 20%, the excess energy is dissipated into the atmosphere as heat. Photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) systems increase efficiency both by converting solar energy into electrical energy and by converting the generated heat into useful energy. PV/T systems are a technology that increases efficiency by using solar energy to produce both electricity and hot water. PV/T systems have many types and have commercial and domestic applications. PV/T systems harness solar energy to generate electrical energy while simultaneously utilizing the generated heat to produce useful energy. This innovative approach enables the cooling of the PV cell surface, resulting in improved efficiency. Also, thanks to the use of these systems, it is possible to recover the energy lost in conventional photovoltaic systems The primary objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive overview of the progress made in the research and development of PV/T solar collectors, encompassing an in-depth investigation of their various practical applications.
Belek Özel Çevre Koruma Bölgesi Su Kalitesinin Çok Değişkenli İstatistiksel Yöntemler ile Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Özcan Ömer Faruk , Akın Prof. Dr. Beril
Published: June 2024

Bu çalışmada, ülkemizde deniz kaplumbağalarının yuvalama alanı olarak koruma altında olan Belek Özel Çevre Koruma Bölgesindeki yüzey sularının uzun yıllar periyodundaki kalite değişimlerinin değerlendirilmesinde istatistiksel metotların kullanımı hedeflenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında 2005-2020 yılları arasında (15 yıl) koruma alanı içinde yer alan yüzeysel su kaynaklarına ait su kalitesi analiz sonuçları değerlendirilmeye alınmıştır. Yüzeysel su kalitesinin sınıflandırılmasında ülkemizde yürürlükte olan Yerüstü Su Kalitesi Yönetmeliği standart değerleri çerçevesinde fiziko-kimyasal ve biyolojik parametre verileri analiz edilmiş ve su kalite sınıfları belirlenmiştir. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde çok değişkenli istatistiki yöntemlerden Kümeleme Analizi metodolojisi kullanılmıştır. Kümeleme analizi sonucunda istatistiksel manada anlamlı üç küme tespit edilmiştir. Yerüstü Su Kalitesine göre yapılan kalite sınıflandırması ve Hiyerarşik Kümeleme Analizi benzerlik göstermiştir. Oluşan kümeler neticesinde genel su kalitesi durumunun; Acısu Deresi’nin II. Sınıf (İyi Kalite), Köprüçay Deresi’nin I. Sınıf (Çok İyi Kalite), Sarısu Deresi’nin I. Sınıf (Çok İyi Kalite), Kömürcüler Deresi’nin II. Sınıf (İyi Kalite) ve Ilıca Deresi’nin III. Sınıf (Orta Kalite) olduğu çalışmalar sonunda görülmüştür. İstatistiki değerlendirmede kullanılan Temel Bileşenler Analizine göre dört faktör belirlenmiş, toplam varyansın % 91,04’ünü açıklamıştır. Sadece birinci faktör toplam varyansın % 59’unu açıklamaktadır. Özdeğeri en fazla olan değişkenlerin; Toplam Koliform, Toplam Kjehldal Azotu, Fekal Koliform, Toplam Azot, Toplam Fosfor olduğu temel bileşenler analiz sonuçlarına göre açıklanmıştır. Genel manada kirleticilerin turizm tesisleri, evsel kaynaklı kirleticiler ve yoğun tarımsal faaliyetlerden kaynaklandığı öngörülmektedir. Çalışma sonucunda istatistiksel olarak belirlenen faktör parametrelerin sahadaki su kalitesi izleme çalışmalarında öncelikli olarak kullanılabilecek parametreler olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Enhanced Area Defense: Magnetic Launcher and Sensor Integration
Authors: Kırıkcı Furkan Muhammed , Kahveci Hakan , Akyazı Ömür
Published: June 2024

In this article, the most appropriate design method for a field defense system that operates with magnetic field laws by taking audio and video signals as reference is described. The study is important because it eliminates the operator (soldier) factor in the battlefield. Taking into account the effect of capacitor voltage, capacitance value and accelerator winding inductance value, the main criteria for determining the power supply and armature structure of the electromagnetic launcher are proposed. This proposal is made with MATLAB/Simulink software based mathematical model and the differences are explained by comparing with ANSYS Maxwell simulation. The simulated results show that the speed difference between the models is 7%. Additionally, the design methods of the audio and video-based positioning systems that control the system are explained in the study. In this system where signal receiving microphones are positioned in triangular form, a linear algorithm using the time difference method is utilized. By comparing the theoretical mathematical model with the experimental simulation model, the accuracy of the method and the method function is proved. In this study, a deep learning-based target detection system that operates with the YOLO v2 algorithm is used to increase the system's mission execution capacity. The operator is eliminated by switching the system with the signal received from the positioning systems.
6 Şubat Kahramanmaraş Depremleri Sonrasında Ecemiş Fayı’nda Meydana Gelen Kabuksal Deformasyonların GNSS Yöntemiyle Belirlenmesi
Authors: Tiryakioğlu İbrahim , Koçbulut Fikret , Gezgin Cemil , Solak Halil İbrahim , Eyübagil Eda Esma , Çakanşimşek Ece Bengünaz , Aladoğan Kayhan , Dönmez Ergin , Poyraz Fatih
Published: June 2024

Bu çalışmada, Ecemiş Fayı ve çevresindeki kabuksal deformasyonun belirlenmesi amacıyla kurulan 28 noktalı GNSS ağında 6 Şubat Kahramanmaraş depremleri sonrası meydana gelen kosismik deformasyon incelenmiştir. TÜBİTAK 121Y409 numaralı proje kapsamında kurulan GNSS ağı, bölgede yer alan TUTGA noktaları ve TUSAGA-Aktif istasyonları ile genişletilerek 64 noktalı bir GNSS ağı oluşturulmuştur. Proje ağında kampanya tipi 25 noktada, 2022 Temmuz ayında bir kampanya GNSS ölçümü yapılmıştır. 6 Şubat 2023 tarihinde meydana gelen Kahramanmaraş depremlerinden sonra ise 2023 Temmuz ayında bir kampanya daha ölçüm yapılmıştır. Ayrıca ağda yer alan TUTGA noktalarının ve TUSAGA-Aktif istasyonlarının deprem öncesi (presismik) dönemde en az 3 farklı yıla ait GNSS verileri temin edilmiştir. Tüm GNSS verileri GAMIT/GLOBK yazılımı ile değerlendirilmiştir. Ağda yer alan TUTGA ve TUSAGA noktalarının deprem öncesi verileri ile bu noktalara ait Avrasya sabit (ITRF14) hızları elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca TUSAGA Aktif istasyonlarının deprem sonrası (postsismik) 10 aylık verilerinin değerlendirilmesiyle deprem sonrası hızlar elde edilmiştir. Deprem öncesi ve sonrası hızlar kullanılarak kampanya tipi noktaların hızları enterpolasyon yöntemi ile hesaplanmıştır. Kampanya tipi noktalarda depremin neden olduğu atım miktarları, enterpolasyon ile elde edilen hızlar kullanılarak deprem öncesi ve sonrası koordinatların deprem anı epoğuna kaydırılmasıyla hesaplanmıştır. Kampanya tipi noktalarda atım miktarlarının doğu bileşende 10 mm ile 410 mm ve kuzey bileşende ise 18 mm ile 316 mm arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir.
Microplastic pollution profile and potential ecological risk of in Aksu Stream (Giresun, Türkiye)
Authors: Aydın Uncumusaoğlu Arzu
Published: June 2024

The microplastic (MP) profile in water and sediment samples collected from five stations along Aksu Stream, which serves as a drinking water source for Giresun province, was investigated. The presence and characterization of MPs in the samples were determined using both microscopic and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy techniques. The study revealed 910 items kg-1 of MPs in sediment samples, while 0.65 items L-1 were found in water samples. The dominant color of MPs observed in the study was transparent. The most prevalent size range of MPs was between 0-50 µm, and the dominant shape in the polymer analysis of MPs collected from Aksu Stream was fiber. According to FT-IR analysis results, polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) were the most abundant MP polimer types detected. When assessing the potential ecological risk of MPs, it was determined that the stream falls into damage and risk categories III (High) and IV (Hazard). This research adds to the expanding body of evidence indicating that microplastic contamination is pervasive in freshwater environments. It is urgent to reduce MP waste generation in order to protect aquatic ecosystems and human health.
Legal Prerequisites for the Use of Smart Contracts
Authors:   Ural State Law University named after V.F. Yakovlev, Bazhina M.A. , Shchekochikhina E.P. ,   Ural State Law University named after V.F. Yakovlev
Published: June 2024

The term “smart contract” has become quite widespread. It is used not only in scientific literature, but also in normative acts and in practice when concluding contracts. However, there is no single approach to the definition of this concept. The purpose of the study is to highlight the main problems that exist in modern approaches to the definition of smart contracts. To achieve this goal, the article considers the main approaches to the interpretation of the term “smart contract”. This part of the article concludes that a smart contract involves the use of a digital document rather than an electronic document, whichhas now gained some momentum of development. Discussing what lies at the heart of a smart contract, the authors consider the correlation between the concepts of “electronic document” and “digital document”. Methods: in conducting the research the general scientific (analysis, synthesis, description), as well as interdisciplinary approach) and private-scientific methods of cognition, including the interdisciplinary one, and economic analyze of law were used. Results: the article presents a new approach to the consideration of the essential content of smart contracts. As the main conclusion it is necessary to point out the position that the smart-contract is based on the typification of contractual terms. In this connection the possible problems of registration of contractual relations in the form of smart-contracts are highlighted, namely: the need to develop model conditions of various contractual forms and their unification at the international level.
Oral Health and Dental Treatment Needs in Thalassemia Major Patients
Authors: Chaudhry Sharjeel
Published: June 2024

Abnormalities in haemoglobin is a defining characteristic of hemoglobinopathies, encompassing conditions such as sickle cell anaemia and thalassemia. Thalassemia major, a condition marked by profound anaemia resulting from insufficient haemoglobin production, impacts a significant global population. The objective of this study was to enhance comprehension of the oral health needs specific to individuals with thalassemia major, to improve the provision of healthcare services for this population. A descriptive multicentric cross-sectional study was undertaken including a cohort of 42 individuals diagnosed with severe thalassemia. The assessment of the participants' oral health was conducted with the DMFT/DMFT Index and the OHI-Simplified (OHI-S). The research revealed a significant occurrence of dentofacial abnormalities and dental treatment requirements, thereby emphasizing the importance of complete oral health care for those diagnosed with thalassemia. Individuals diagnosed with thalassemia major may present a distinctive facial attribute referred to as "Chipmunk facie" or "Rodent facie," which arises from the enlargement of the maxilla and zygomatic bone. Malocclusion, along with dental caries and oral ulcers, is a prevalent dental and facial abnormality observed within the study population. The findings of this study underscore the imperative of early detection and intervention of oral health concerns among individuals with thalassemia. Regular dental examinations and prompt intervention for dental and facial abnormalities confer advantages to individuals afflicted with thalassemia. The research highlights the importance of enhancing oral health awareness and providing education to the community as a means to enhance the provision of oral health care for those with thalassemia. The integration of dental care into thalassemia management necessitates the collaborative efforts of medical and dental professionals. Notwithstanding the perceptive conclusions drawn from the study, further research employing larger and more diverse sample sizes is necessary to substantiate and advance the obtained findings. The findings of this study will have significant implications for the development of enhanced management procedures and targeted oral health care programs for those diagnosed with thalassemia major, hence offering substantial benefits to this population. By emphasizing the significance of oral health in the context of thalassemia care, we can augment the overall well-being and quality of life of patients.
THE CHANGING FACES OF CITIZENSHIP
Authors: Mushaben Joyce Marie
Published: June 2024

In contrast to most migration studies that focus on specific “foreigner” groups in Germany, this study simultaneously compares and contrasts the legal, political, social, and economic opportunity structures facing diverse categories of the ethnic minorities who have settled in the country since the 1950s. It reveals the contradictory, and usually self-defeating, nature of German policies intended to keep “migrants” out—allegedly in order to preserve a German Leitkultur (with which very few of its own citizens still identify). The main barriers to effective integration—and socioeconomic revitalization in general—sooner lie in the country’s obsolete labor market regulations and bureaucratic procedures. Drawing on local case studies, personal interviews, and national surveys, the author describes “the human faces” behind official citizenship and integration practices in Germany, and in doing so demonstrates that average citizens are much more multi-cultural than they realize.