bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influência do nível socioeconômico, idade, gordura corporal e sintomas depressivos na frequência de atividade física em adultos: uma análise de caminhos
Authors: Martins Tatiana Carvalho Reis , Pinho Lucinéia de , Brito Maria Fernanda Santos Figueiredo , Pena Geórgia das Graças , Silva Rosângela Ramos Veloso , Guimarães André Luiz Sena , Silveira Marise Fagundes , Rodrigues Neto João Felício
Published: September 2020

Resumo A atividade física é um comportamento complexo e influenciado por variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas. A melhor compreensão desses fatores possibilita considerar a associação deles com a atividade física. O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar os efeitos do nível socioeconômico, idade, gordura corporal e sintomas depressivos na frequência de atividade física entre adultos. Trata-se de um estudo transversal de base populacional conduzido com 808 indivíduos. Foram avaliadas as inter-relações entre as variáveis nível socioeconômico, idade, gordura corporal e sintomas depressivos no nível de atividade física total, por meio da técnica “path analysis”. Observou-se efeito direto negativo e significativo da idade (β = -0,113; p < 0,004) nos níveis de atividade física. A idade (β = 0,376; p < 0,001) influenciou a gordura corporal, com efeito positivo e significativo. Os sintomas de depressão foram influenciados negativamente pelo nível socioeconômico (β = -0,126; p < 0,001) e positivamente pela idade (β = 0,244; p < 0,001) e gordura corporal (β = 0,169; p < 0,004). O nível socioeconômico, a gordura corporal e os sintomas depressivos não influenciaram diretamente os níveis de atividade física. Concluindo, os resultados mostraram que o avançar da idade contribui para a redução da prática de atividade física.
Alimentação do Trabalhador: uma avaliação em indústrias no nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Guilherme Ruth Cavalcanti , Canuto Raquel , Clark Sabrina Gomes Ferreira , Vasconcelos Fábio Nogueira de , Padilha Vivianne Montarroyos , Tavares Fernanda Cristina de Lima Pinto , Pessoa Renata Freire de Melo , Lira Pedro Israel Cabral de
Published: September 2020

Resumo Objetivo deste artigo é avaliar o Programa de Alimentação do Trabalhador sob a ótica de gestores, nutricionistas e a alimentação oferecida em indústrias da Região Metropolitana do Recife. Trata-se de um estudo transversal. Foi aplicado questionário estruturado com 40 gestores e 40 nutricionistas acerca dos seus conhecimentos sobre o programa e o cumprimento das atribuições exigidas por ele. Também foi avaliada a qualidade nutricional dos cardápios. Entre os gestores e os nutricionistas, 22,5% e 72,5% não sabiam do cadastro no programa e das suas exigências nutricionais, respectivamente. Grande parte dos nutricionistas e gestores relacionou o programa a uma exigência da legislação trabalhista. Nenhum respondente conhecia a obrigatoriedade de ações de educação alimentar e nutricional, mesmo assim, 55% dos serviços realizavam ações educativas e 25% realiza avaliação nutricional dos trabalhadores. Observou-se que apesar da oferta de bebidas naturais, frutas e folhosos diariamente, também há oferta diária de diversos produtos ultraprocessados, principalmente doces e bebidas artificiais. O estudo evidenciou o pouco conhecimento dos gestores e dos nutricionistas sobre os objetivos do programa bem como a sua insipiente execução.
O excesso de peso modifica a composição nutricional do leite materno? uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Oliveira Elissa , Marano Daniele , Amaral Yasmin Notarbartolo di Villarosa do , Abranches Andrea , Soares Fernanda Valente Mendes , Moreira Maria Elisabeth Lopes
Published: September 2020

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é identificar associação entre excesso de peso e composição nutricional do leite materno. Foi realizada revisão sistemática nas bases de dados PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), EMBASE, Web of Science e SCOPUS. As buscas foram realizadas de maio a junho de 2018, com os descritores: “Human Milk” and “Overweight” or “Obesity” or “Body Mass Index”. A busca bibliográfica resultou em 435 artigos após remoção das duplicatas. Desse total, 12 foram selecionados para leitura dos resumos e nove foram inseridos para compor a presente revisão sistemática. Oito artigos demonstraram que o excesso de peso acarretou aumento da concentração total de lipídeos, e/ou glicose e/ou frações de macronutrientes e um estudo não observou associação entre o excesso de peso e a composição nutricional do leite humano. A maior parte dos artigos selecionados observou que a obesidade modificou a concentração total de lipídeos e de suas frações. Portanto, é recomendado que o peso e a estatura da mulher sejam avaliados na consulta pré-concepcional, a fim de identificar e acompanhar desvios nutricionais, contribuindo para a adequação do peso antes da gravidez e auxiliando na produção de leite com conteúdo nutricional adequado.
Prevenção de incapacidade física por hanseníase no Brasil: análise histórica
Authors: Santos Aleksandra Rosendo dos , Ignotti Eliane
Published: September 2020

Resumo As orientações para prevenção de incapacidades físicas por hanseníase vêm ganhando destaque no controle da doença para além da poliquimioterapia. O objetivo deste artigo é descrever as mudanças, de forma cronológica, nas orientações técnicas para prevenção das incapacidades físicas por hanseníase no Brasil. Trata-se de relato histórico baseado em documentos oficiais dos órgãos de saúde brasileiros. Foram incluídos todos os decretos, portarias e manuais que fizeram menção à prevenção de incapacidades, publicados entre 1962 e 2016. Os documentos estabeleceram os critérios clínicos, técnicos, assistenciais, emocionais e sociais, de direcionamento das ações de prevenção nas instituições de saúde. As publicações foram coordenadas pelo Ministério da Saúde e adequadas ao longo dos anos sob o ponto de vista conceitual, político, estratégico e assistencial. As orientações abrangeram, principalmente, as atividades de avaliação neurológica e do grau de incapacidade física, técnicas de prevenção de incapacidades e autocuidado. As incapacidades físicas refletem a qualidade do acesso ao diagnóstico, do acompanhamento dos casos durante o tratamento e pós-alta por cura. Os serviços de saúde deverão ser organizados não apenas para o diagnóstico e oferta da poliquimioterapia, mas para todos os aspectos que envolvem a doença.
Imagem corporal em adolescentes: associação com estado nutricional e atividade física
Authors: Fantineli Edmar Roberto , Silva Michael Pereira da , Campos Jhonatan Gritten , Malta Neto Nicolau Augusto , Pacífico Ana Beatriz , Campos Wagner de
Published: September 2020

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é verificar a associação do estado nutricional e da atividade física com a percepção de satisfação da imagem corporal em uma amostra de adolescentes de Curitiba/PR. Compuseram a amostra 844 adolescentes entre 11 a 17 anos. O nível de atividade física foi avaliado pelo Questionário de Atividade Física para Adolescentes. A percepção da imagem corporal foi avaliada pela Escala de Figura de Silhueta e pelo Body Shape Questionnarie. A associação do estado nutricional e do nível de atividade física com a satisfação com a imagem corporal foi realizada através da regressão logística multinominal para obtenção da razão de chances com intervalo de confiança de 95% e p<0,05. O sobrepeso/obesidade esteve associado positivamente com a insatisfação com a imagem corporal (IIC) moderada e grave para meninas (RC: 6,20; IC95%: 2,62 - 14,66 e RC: 6,20; IC95%: 4,10 - 9,36) e meninos (RC: 1,95; IC95%: 1,06 - 3,59 e RC: 3,91; IC95%: 2,57 - 5,95) e com o desejo de diminuir a silhueta para meninos e meninas (RC: 4,86; IC95%: 3,37 - 7,00 e RC: 6,46, IC95%: 4,12 - 10,14). O nível de atividade física não se mostrou associado com a IIC. Adolescentes com sobrepeso e obesidade apresentam maior chance de reportarem IIC. A atividade física não esteve relacionada com a IIC.
Automutilação em adolescentes: revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Moreira Érika de Sene , Vale Raquel Rosa Mendonça do , Caixeta Camila Cardoso , Teixeira Ricardo Antonio Gonçalves
Published: September 2020

Resumo Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura acerca dos conhecimentos produzidos pela comunidade científica sobre automutilação em adolescentes no período de janeiro de 2012 a junho de 2017. A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados SCIELO e Portal CAPES, em português, inglês e espanhol com amostra final de 71 artigos. Este estudo mostrou grande número de publicações a nível internacional, com destaque para artigos epidemiológicos e fragilidade na publicação de estudos de intervenção que investiguem a eficácia de terapias e programas de prevenção.
The social status associated with dental experience among Brazilian children
Authors: Barreto Kamila Azoubel , Colares Viviane
Published: September 2020

Abstract Dentists should be alert not only to clinical variables, but also to socioeconomic, psychological and cultural factors, which have all been associated with the experience of dental caries. The aim of this study of was to assess social status and dental experience among Brazilian children. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 1367 male and female children aged six and seven years enrolled at public and private schools in the city of Recife (Brazil) in 2013. The children at tending public schools were socioeconomically less privileged than those attending private schools. Data were collected through interviews and intraoral examinations. Caries experience was high (53.3%) in the overall sample, but less privileged children had larger percentages of decayed teeth and teeth that required extraction (p < 0.001). Children from less privileged social class had a greater chance of having a low (OR = 1.77 [95%CI 1.33 - 2.35]), moderate (OR = 4.41 [95%CI: 3.18 - 6,14]) and high (OR = 9.55 [95%CI 6.01 - 15.16]) caries experience. They also had a greater chance of never visiting a dentist (OR= 2.90 [95% CI 2.25 - 3.74]) and had dental anxiety (OR = 1.70 [95%CI 1.34-2, 16]). Socioeconomic status influences the dental caries experience, the visits to the dentist and the dental anxiety of the children analyzed.
Fatores associados às multimorbidades mais frequentes em idosos brasileiros
Authors: Melo Laércio Almeida de , Lima Kenio Costa de
Published: September 2020

Resumo Objetivou-se buscar associação entre as multimorbidades mais frequentes em idosos no Brasil e variáveis socioeconômicas e de estilo de vida. Para tal, foram utilizados os dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde. O teste Qui-quadrado e a regressão múltipla de Poisson foram utilizados para a análise dos dados. Participaram 5.575 idosos com multimorbidade e idade média de 70,3 anos. A maioria é do sexo feminino (66,3%), brancos (56,1%), não realizam exercícios físicos (75,3%), de baixa escolaridade (40%), sem planos de saúde (65,3%), não consomem bebida alcoólica (78,7%) e não fumam (90,1%). As multimorbidades mais prevalentes foram: Hipertensão e Colesterol alto (31,3%), Hipertensão e AVC (30,9%) e Hipertensão e Diabetes (23,3%). Houve associação da primeira condição com o sexo feminino, idosos mais jovens e ao fato de não fumar. Já a segunda condição, esteve associada ao sexo feminino e à baixa escolaridade. A terceira associou-se à baixa escolaridade, aos que não realizam exercício físico e não fumam. Conclui-se que a multimorbidade em idosos brasileiros é uma condição frequente em mulheres, naqueles mais jovens e socioeconomicamente desfavorecidos. Ademais, para as principais multimorbidades as condições socioeconômicas e o estilo de vida influenciaram nas suas prevalências.
Condições de vida, trabalho e saúde mental: um estudo com trabalhadores brasileiros e espanhóis que atuam em serviço de limpeza hospitalar
Authors: Rocha Márcia Regina Alves , Marin Maria José Sanches , Macias-Seda Juana
Published: September 2020

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é comparar as condições de vida, trabalho e saúde, com ênfase na saúde mental, de trabalhadores do serviço de limpeza (SL) hospitalar terceirizados da Espanha e do Brasil. Pesquisa quantitativa, transversal realizada em dois hospitais gerais, públicos, sendo um numa cidade no centro-oeste paulista e o outro em uma a sudoeste da Península Ibérica. Foram entrevistados 78 trabalhadores do hospital brasileiro e 39 do espanhol, utilizando-se de um roteiro com dados das condições de vida, de saúde e de trabalho, incluindo alguns questionários já validados como Job Content Questionnaire e o Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Os trabalhadores espanhóis são mais velhos, de cor branca e com renda familiar maior, apresentam escores do SRQ-20 menores em todas as dimensões. Eles fumam mais, têm maior déficit de visão e alergias, trabalham há mais tempo na mesma atividade, com carga horária menor e não contam com dois empregos. Além disso, quase quarenta por cento deles consideram ter autonomia no trabalho. Trabalhadores brasileiros se encontram em condições de vida, trabalho e saúde mental mais precarizadas. Alguns aspectos das condições de saúde foram piores entre os espanhóis, o que provavelmente pode ter ocorrido devido a idade mais avançada dos mesmos.
Fatores de risco cardiovascular em uma população rural brasileira
Authors: Luz Tamires Conceição da , Cattafesta Monica , Petarli Glenda Blaser , Meneghetti João Paulo , Zandonade Eliana , Bezerra Olívia Maria de Paula Alves , Salaroli Luciane Bresciani
Published: September 2020

Resumo Diante da extensão dos custos decorrentes das doenças cardiovasculares e do aumento na prevalência dessas doenças em agricultores este estudo tem como objetivo estimar a prevalência de fatores de risco cardiovascular nesta população e avaliar seus fatores associados. Foi realizado estudo transversal envolvendo 790 agricultores do município de Santa Maria de Jetibá-ES. Seis em cada dez agricultores avaliados apresentaram pelo menos um fator de risco cardiovascular (FRC). A hipertensão arterial foi o fator de risco mais prevalente, presente em 35,8% (IC95% 32-39, n=283) dos agricultores seguido pela dislipidemia (34,4%, IC95% 31-38, n = 272). Ter mais que 50 anos aumentou em 5,6 vezes (IC95% 2,03-15,43) a chance de apresentar dois ou mais FRC, possuir perímetro da cintura elevado ou dobra cutânea triciptal indicando excesso de peso aumentou esta chance em 2,35 vezes (IC95% 1,47-3,76) e em 1,6 vezes (IC95% 1,05-2,44), respectivamente. Estes achados revelam a elevada prevalência de FRC em trabalhadores rurais e o significativo impacto da idade e do acúmulo de gordura corporal no desenvolvimento destes fatores, demonstrando a necessidade de intensificar políticas públicas de saúde voltadas para esta população.
STRUCTURE AND BIOMASS ANALYSIS OF URBAN VEGETATION IN SQUARES OF SANTA CECÍLIA DISTRICT, SÃO PAULO, SP
Authors: Arratia Andre Luis Dias , Ribeiro Andreza Portella , Quaresma Cristiano Capellani , Rodrigues Elaine Aparecida , Lucca Edgar Fernando de , Camargo Plínio Barbosa de , Nascimento Ana Paula Branco do , Ferreira Maurício Lamano
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT Urban trees play an important role in urban planning and are directly linked to urban spaces that promote ecosystem services such as biodiversity conservation and carbon stock. A useful methodology to quantify the above-ground (ABG) biomass, and consequently, the carbon stocks, in this green infrastructure is the allometric models made for tropical areas. This work aimed to evaluate the carbon stock in public squares within the central region of São Paulo city, thus contributing to the comprehension of São Paulo’s green infrastructure. To test the models, tree density and ABG biomass of approximately 7 ha of urban green areas in the center of São Paulo city were evaluated. The activities involved measuring the diameter at breast height (DBH) of the trees and the total height of all individuals with a DBH greater than 5 cm. The results showed that the public squares varied in size and number of trees. The average height of trees also varied along the squares, probably influencing the ABG biomass allocation. Also, the results showed that there was a considerable variation between the ABG biomass estimated along the models. Some squares stood out in absolute terms of ABG biomass accumulation. The size of the green area correlated only with the total number of individuals found (R2=0.44). The total ABG biomass, tree density, and ABG biomass density did not present a significant relationship with the size of the squares. This work demonstrates, for the first time, the attributes of tree communities in public squares of- São Paulo city and provides technical information for the management of public policies related to the protection and maintenance of urban green areas.
Rootstocks and planting types on root architecture and vegetative vigor of ‘Pera’ sweet orange trees
Authors: Meneses Thaís N. , Coelho Filho Mauricio A. , Santos Filho Hermes P. , Santos Luana L. de A. dos , Gesteira Abelmon da S. , Soares Filho Walter dos S.
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT Root architecture affects plant growth and agricultural productions. Although it is related to genetic factors, soil physical limitations can affect the root system and volume of explored soil, compromising plant growth and fruit production. Considering the need to mitigate these restrictions, the objective of the present study was to evaluate two planting types (planting of protected seedlings and planting of seeds in definitive place) and two scion-rootstock combinations (‘Pera’ sweet orange, CNPMF D-6 selection, combined with ‘Santa Cruz Rangpur’ lime and ‘Sunki Tropical’ mandarin rootstocks). The experiment was conducted at the Lagoa do Coco Farm, Rio Real, BA, Brazil, in a Oxisol under rainfed conditions. Biometric, physiological, and soil water content evaluations were made during the experiment. Soil mechanical resistance to root penetration and root system characteristics were also evaluated. Roots were concentrated on the soil surface layers (0-0.40 m), extending horizontally up to 1.50 m from the plant, regardless of the management practices used. The total root length in each root diameter classes studied, root length density, and total root mean diameter were higher for planting of protected seedling, resulting in greater root development. Plants from ‘Pera’ sweet orange scion grafted on ‘Santa Cruz Rangpur’ lime rootstock had earlier production and were more vigorous. Soil structure affects root growth, and the root distribution up to 0.40 m depth is correlated with plant vigor, yield, and water status under rainfed conditions.
Organomineral phosphate fertilization in millet in sandy soil
Authors: Araújo Maria D. M. , Souza Henrique A. de , Benites Vinicius M. , Pompeu Roberto C. F. F. , Natale William , Leite Luiz F. C.
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT Evaluation of fertilizers is an important premise, given the need for knowing new alternative sources to increase the efficiency in the use of nutrients, especially phosphorus. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth of millet cultivated in sandy soil under phosphorus doses and sources. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, in Sobral, CE, in soil with low phosphorus concentration in the randomized block experimental design, with two sources (monoammonium phosphate - MAP and organomineral fertilizer prepared with MAP and organic compost of waste from small ruminant production - OMF) and four doses of P2O5 (35, 70, 140 and 210 kg ha-1), plus an additional treatment without phosphate fertilization, with three replicates, conducted in the second half of 2015. The variables measured were dry mass production, phosphorus accumulation in the plant and agronomic, physiological and recovery efficiencies. Evaluations were carried out in two cuts in millet plants(65 and 110 days after germination). The data were subjected to analysis of variance, followed by t-test for the sources and regression analysis for the doses, in addition to the Dunnett’s test to compare the phosphate fertilization with the control. In the first cut, it was observed that even at low doses of P2O5 (35 kg ha-1of P2O5), the biomass increases compared to the control. Increment in phosphorus doses increased the accumulation of this nutrient in millet plants. Considering the total accumulated in the two cuts of millet, the organomineral fertilizer promoted higher nutrient content compared to monoammonium phosphate from 127 kg ha-1 of P2O5.
Drying kinetics and thermodynamic properties of bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) leaves
Authors: Silva Daniel P. da , Santos Samuel G. F. dos , Silva Isneider L. , Silva Hellismar W. da , Rodovalho Renato S.
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT Bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) is a versatile plant that can be consumed as a food and has therapeutic applications. Studying its drying process is important to maintain their leaf quality during storage. The objective of this study was to evaluate the drying kinetics of bitter melon leaves and determine their thermodynamic properties. The leaves were placed in polyethylene trays and subjected to drying in an oven at temperatures of 20, 30, 40, and 50 °C until reaching hygroscopic equilibrium. The experimental data were fitted to several non-linear regression models to characterize the drying process. The Arrhenius model was used to obtain the coefficients of diffusion and the activation energy, which were used to calculate the enthalpy, entropy, and the Gibbs free energy. Midilli and Page were the best models to represent the drying kinetics of bitter melon leaves at temperatures of 20, 30, 40, and 50 °C. Increases in the drying air temperature increased the Gibbs free energy and water diffusivity in the interior of the leaves. Enthalpy and entropy decreased as the temperature was increased.
Quality of coffee beans from peeled green fruits after temporary immersion in water
Authors: Coelho Ana P. de F. , Silva Juarez de S. e , Carneiro Antônio P. S. , Melo Evandro de C. , Silva Camilla S. da , Lisboa Cristiane F.
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT The harvest of green coffee fruits affects their quality; they should be separated from the ripe fruits during processing. The proportion of harvested green fruits can be high, requiring information and technologies to adequately manage and add value to coffee beans from this fruit category. The objective of this work was to evaluate the quality of coffee beans from green fruits separated during a wet processing and peeled after temporary immersion in water. A completely randomized design was used, consisting of six treatments (ripe peeled coffee fruits dried on suspended yards, non-peeled green coffee fruits under traditional dry management on a concrete yard, and peeled and non-peeled green coffee fruits temporarily immersed in water and dried on suspended and concrete yards) and four replications, in the 2018 crop season. Samples of coffee beans temporarily immersed in water were peeled and separated into peeled and non-peeled fractions and dried in suspended and concrete yards. The peeling yield of green coffee beans and the physical and sensorial characteristics of the processed coffee beans were evaluated. The mean peeling yield was 62% and allowed the separation of more developed green fruits, equating them to ripe peeled coffee beans regarding physical and sensorial quality.
Desigualdades de renda e capacidade funcional de idosos em município do Sudeste brasileiro
Authors: Veloso Marylane Viana , Sousa Neuciani Ferreira da Silva , Medina Lhais de Paula Barbosa , Barros Marilisa Berti de Azevedo
Published: September 2020

RESUMO: Objetivo: Estimar a magnitude das desigualdades de renda nas prevalências de dependência funcional em atividades básicas e instrumentais da vida diária (ABVDs e AIVDs, respectivamente) e no abandono de atividades avançadas (AAVDs). Métodos: Estudo transversal, de base populacional, desenvolvido com dados de amostra de 986 idosos de inquérito de saúde realizado no município de Campinas, São Paulo, em 2014/15. Foram estimadas as prevalências de dependência funcional em ABVDs e AIVDs e de abandono das AAVDs segundo a renda familiar mensal per capita, bem como desenvolvidas análises de regressão múltipla de Poisson para estimar razões de prevalência (RPs) ajustadas por sexo e idade. Resultados: Não houve associação significativa entre renda e dependência funcional em ABVDs. Das sete AIVDs analisadas, cinco apresentaram maior prevalência de dependência no estrato de menor renda, com destaque para o uso de telefone (RP = 3,50), o controle do uso de remédios (RP = 2,40) e o uso de transporte (RP = 2,35). O abandono de AAVDs foi maior entre os idosos de menor renda em todas as atividades analisadas, com maiores desigualdades observadas no contato por carta, telefone e e-mail (RP = 3,76), no uso de internet (RP = 3,34), em dirigir veículos (RP = 2,85) e na visita a familiares (RP = 2,77). Conclusão: As amplas desigualdades detectadas entre estratos de renda quanto à capacidade funcional nas AIVDs e no abandono das AAVDs ressaltam a importância da plena implementação e manutenção de políticas e programas voltados à proteção social de idosos, focando, em especial, os segmentos socialmente mais vulneráveis, na perspectiva de se atingir um patamar populacional mais equânime de um envelhecimento ativo, participativo e independente.
Nursing Now and the role of nursing in the context of pandemic and current work
Authors: Oliveira Kalyane Kelly Duarte de , Freitas Rodrigo Jácob Moreira de , Araújo Janieiry Lima de , Gomes José Giovani Nobre
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To discuss the Nursing Now Campaign and the role of Nursing in times of pandemic by COVID-19. Method: This is a theoretical reflection based on the scientific literature. Results: The pandemic highlights the importance of Nursing care for the maintenance of life and the right to health, and the Nursing Now Campaign is in line with the call for appreciation of nursing professionals currently working at the forefront of the fight against COVID-19. Despite the limitations of structural resources that lead to exposure to illness, nursing professionals maintain their role of caring. Conclusion: It is necessary for Nursing to recognize its own value, add to its continuous learning capacity, and be aware of the social changes that occur. The study contributes to rethinking strategies for valuing Nursing.
Survival and initial growth in the field of eucalyptus seedlings produced in different substrates
Authors: Stuepp Carlos Andre , Kratz Dagma , Gabira Mônica Moreno , Wendling Ivar
Published: September 2020

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the survival and initial growth, in the field, of eucalyptus seedlings produced in different substrates. Eucalyptus benthamii seedlings produced in 36 substrates were evaluated in the field. The substrates consisted of mixtures, at different volumetric proportions, of: carbonized rice husk, charcoal with granulometry between 1.0-3.0 mm, charcoal with granulometry between 3.0-5.0 mm, coconut fiber, semi-decomposed pine bark, fine vermiculite, sewage sludge, and peat moss. At 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after planting, survival, height, and diameter were determined. At 24 months after planting, height increment, diameter increment, transversal area, and basal area were also measured. The seedlings that showed 100% survival after 24 months under field conditions were those grown in the nursery in substrates with a higher proportion of fine vermiculite, sewage sludge, and peat moss, that is, in substrates with a higher microporosity. However, there is no effect of substrate characteristics on seedling initial growth in the field. A significant correlation is observed between the survival of seedlings at 6 months and their diameter at the end of the nursery period, evidencing the importance of this characteristic for the establishment of the plant in the field, regardless of the used substrate.
Population dynamics and structural characteristics of 'Survenola' digit grass subjected to intermittent defoliation strategies
Authors: Fontes Pryanka Thuyra Nascimento , Sousa Bráulio Maia de Lana , Oliveira Júnior Luiz Fernando Ganassali de , Fagundes Jailson Lara , Backes Alfredo Acosta , Nascimento Gilmartins Alves , Florêncio Rafaela Stefanny Rodrigues , Santos Anna Luiza Hora dos
Published: September 2020

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of defoliation strategies and insolation periods on the population dynamics and structural characteristics of Digitaria eriantha 'Survenola'. The following four defoliation strategies (DSs) were evaluated: 40/10, 40/20, 50/10, and 50/20 cm (that is, 40 and 50 cm pre-defoliation height, and 10 and 20 cm post-defoliation height), under high- (September to March) and low- (April to August) insolation periods. An experimental randomized complete block design was carried out with five replicates. The accumulation of forage and leaf blade was higher when using the DS 40/20 cm in the higher insolation period. DSs 40/10, 50/10, and 50/20 cm resulted in a higher stem accumulation than DS 40/20 cm. 'Survenola' grass showed a higher appearance rate for basal and aerial tillers using the 40/10 and 40/20 cm strategies, respectively, during the lower insolation period. Greater tiller densities (basal, aerial, and total) were observed in the DS 40/20 cm in the higher insolation period. DS 40/20 cm resulted in a greater tiller renewal. In the DS 40/20 cm, 'Survenola' grass shows the greatest number of defoliation cycles, the highest density of tillers, and the greatest accumulation of forage and leaf blade.
Morphogenetic, physiological, and productive of forage peanut responses to shading
Authors: Cruz Priscila Júnia Rodrigues da , Santos Márcia Vitória , Silva Leandro Diego da , Ferreira Evander Alves , Magalhães Marcela Azevedo , Martuscello Janaína Azevedo , Fonseca Dilermando Miranda da
Published: September 2020

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the morphogenetic, structural, physiological, and productive traits of forage peanut (Arachis pintoi) subjected to different levels of artificial shading in the field. The 'Amarillo MG-100' forage peanut was planted in April 2015, and the evaluations were carried out from May 2017 to April 2018. The treatments were: 0, 30, 45, and 75% of artificial shading. There was no significant effect of shading on the morphogenetic traits of forage peanut. Shading increased final leaf length and canopy height and decreased the leaf area index and number of stolons. Photosynthesis, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll b, and leaf temperature increased quadratically as a function of shading. There was a linear positive effect on the growing cycle length and a quadratic effect on the production of dry matter mass, with the maximum at 30% shade. Forage peanut harvested at 95% light interception (11-cm height) shows adaptation to shading up to 45%, with increased leaf size, canopy height, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and chlorophyll b. In addition, plants at 30% shading show a higher yield than those growing under full sun.
Seroprevalence and incidence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum infection in naturally exposed domestic dogs from a rural area of São Paulo state, Brazil
Authors: Sevá Anaiá da Paixão , Chiebao Daniela Pontes , Brandão Ana Perola Drulla , Godoy Silvia Neri , Jimenez-Villegas Tatiana , Pena Hilda Fátima Jesus , Ferreira Fernando
Published: September 2020

Abstract Dogs are hosts of the protozoans Toxoplasma gondii, which causes an important public health disease, and Neospora caninum. Studies that have evaluated toxoplasmosis and neosporosis for prolonged periods in dog populations are rare. We analyzed infection by both parasites in a domestic dog population over three consecutive years in São Paulo state, Brazil. In the 1st, 2nd and 3rd years of collection, 181, 193 and 172 domiciles were visited, and blood samples of 331, 371 and 348 dogs were collected for antibody serology, respectively. The seroprevalence of T. gondii in each year was 27.2%, 22.5% and 43.9%, respectively, and that of N. caninum was 7.8%, 4.8% and 6.8%, respectively. The incidence rates for T. gondii in the 2nd and 3rd collections were 13.2% and 30.0%, and those for N. caninum were 3.3% and 4.4%, respectively. Positive and negative serological conversions for both agents occurred at high frequencies during the study period. This study reveals the canine population’s serological profile and demonstrates the constant exposure of dogs to the investigated pathogens, indicating the need for prevention and control measures in the region.
Endoparasitic fauna of two South American foxes in Chile: Lycalopex culpaeus and Lycalopex griseus
Authors: Oyarzún-Ruiz Pablo , Cataldo Sophia Di , Cevidanes Aitor , Millán Javier , González-Acuña Daniel
Published: September 2020

Abstract Native foxes face serious threats related to anthropic activities and the uncontrolled pets. However, the transmission of several pathogens such as parasites by domestic dogs is an important conservation issue with limited attention in Chile. The lack of a proper identification of the helminths of wild canids in the country, based mostly in coprological studies, limited our knowledge in potential interspecific transmission. Thus, the aim of the present survey was to identify the parasitic fauna of two native canids, the Andean fox (Lycalopex culpaeus) (n=49) and Chilla (Lycalopex griseus) (n=17), from several localities in Chile through a complete parasitological survey. Sixteen different species were identified, 9 of which are new host records for Andean fox and two for Chilla fox in South America, and three are recorded for first time in Chile. Also, five of them are of zoonotic concern and six are known to use domestic dogs as their principal hosts. These findings have implications for public health and the conservation of canids whose interspecific transmission of parasites with domestic dogs is confirmed through these findings. The need for an exhaustive surveillance of wild carnivores is emphasized considering these hosts as important sources of micro- and macroparasites.
Larva migrans in Votuporanga, São Paulo, Brazil: Where does the danger hide?
Authors: Silva Giane Serafim da , Ferreira Frederico Cardoso , Romera Daiane Mompean , Soares Vando Edésio , Bonuti Marcos Roberto
Published: September 2020

Abstract Soil samples collected near municipal schools (public/EMEI and private/EPEI schools), clubs (CLB), public squares (PS) and residential condominiums (CND) and samples of animal faeces from the Zoonosis Control Centre (CCZ) of the municipality of Votuporanga/SP were analysed using the Baermann method for the detection of zoonotic helminth larvae. The prevalence rates of the nematode genera identified were determined, and the results were compared using Fisher’s exact and chi-square frequency tests. Information about cases of larvae migrans in the population were collected from the Family Health Units and the private health plans. All sites were positive for Ancylostoma spp. and, with the exception of EPEIs and dog faeces, for Strongyloides spp. The prevalence of Ancylostoma spp. was 87.5% for CND samples, 74.29% for EMIEs, 63.64% for CLB, 61.76% for PS and 64.29% for dog’s and 42.86% for cats at CCZ. The prevalence of Strongyloides spp. ranged from 14.29% (cats/CCZ) to 41.18% (PS). Cases of cutaneous larva migrans were reported during interviews. Thus, from the public health perspective, the risk of individuals that frequent recreational areas in the municipality, especially children, to be infected by helminth larvae is noteworthy, indicating the need to develop policies aimed at controlling this important zoonosis.
Multiple resistance in equine cyathostomins: a case study from military establishments in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Authors: Flores Alexandra Geyer , Osmari Vanessa , Ramos Fernanda , Marques Camila Balconi , Ramos Denise Jaques , Botton Sônia de Avila , Vogel Fernanda Silveira Flores , Sangioni Luís Antônio
Published: September 2020

Abstract Semi-intensive equine breeding system favors gastrointestinal nematode infections. The treatment of these infections is based on the use of anthelmintics. However, the inappropriate use of these drugs has led to parasitic resistance to the available active principles. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the main classes of antiparasitic (ATP) used in control in adult and young animals, including: benzimidazoles (fenbendazole), pyrimidines (pyrantel pamoate), macrocyclic lactones (ivermectin and moxidectin), as well as the combination of active ingredients (ivermectin + pyrantel pamoate). The study was carried out in two military establishments, located in Rio Grande do Sul (RS), from January to December, 2018. The intervals between the treatments of the animals were performed from 30 to 90 days. Coproparasitological evaluations were determined by the egg count reduction in the faeces. Cyatostomine larvae were identified in pre and post-treatment cultures. The results demonstrated the multiple parasitic resistance of cyathostomins to fenbendazole, moxidectin in young animals, and to fenbendazole, pyrantel pamoate in adult animals. Thus, it is necessary to define or diagnose parasitic resistance to assist in the creation of prophylactic parasitic control, using suppressive treatment with ATP associated with integrated alternatives. The progress of parasitic resistance can be slowed.
Mentoring PE Student Teachers in Wales: Lessons from a Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Bethell Sally , Bryant Anna S. , Cooper Steve M. , Edwards Lowri C. , Hodgkin Kieran
Published: September 2020

This paper systematically reviews the contemporary research literature surrounding physical education (PE) mentors in initial teacher education (ITE). Using the 'Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta- Analysis Protocols' (PRISMA- P) methodologies, articles were analysed qualitatively using deductive thematic analysis in relation to content related to three core aspects of PE mentorship: i) terminology ii) attributes and iii) professional learning. The findings identified variations in the terminology and the expectations associated with the role of the PE mentor. A significant number of research studies identified in the literature search focused on developing mentoring processes through collaboration and co- enquiry approaches. However, the literature review found a lack of explicit reference to the professional learning needs and opportunities for PE mentors. The review has led to six key recommendations, two of which are: i) PE mentors should be selected because they possess appropriate attributes to be effective in the role and, ii) professional learning opportunities should be made available to enable PE mentors to recognise the scope of the role and build their capacity to employ collaborative and enquiry- based approaches to supporting the development of student teachers.
Medium Efficiency: Comparing Inputs and Outputs by Language of Instruction in Secondary Schools in Wales
Authors: Johnes Geraint
Published: September 2020

A meta-frontier approach is used to evaluate the efficiency with which inputs into the education process are converted into outputs, using data for secondary schools in Wales obtained from the 2015 PISA study. The efficiency of schools in which teaching is conducted through the medium of English is compared with that of Welsh- medium schools. On most measures, inputs into the latter are relatively high, having an impact on their observed levels of efficiency. Improving PISA scores in Wales likely requires enhancement of the performance of Welsh- medium schools, but there needs to be explicit recognition of a trade-off between such improvement and the realisation of policy goals that are broader than those evaluated in PISA.
Using an Instructional Fluency Approach to Teach Addition Skills in a Pupil Referral Unit: A Pilot Study
Authors: Owen Kaydee , Watkins Richard C. , Hughes J. Carl
Published: September 2020

Pupil referral units (PRUs) in Wales accommodate children who present with a range of difficulties that cannot be managed within a mainstream setting. Many children attending PRUs in Wales do not develop the numeracy skills that they need to support their learning across the curriculum. In an effort to teach and assess addition skills, the authors assessed the effects of using a combination of direct instruction (DI) and precision teaching (PT) in a PRU. Over six school weeks, we worked with five children (aged 7 to 10 years) on a 1:1 basis through the Corrective Mathematics addition curriculum (Engelmann and Carnine, 2005). Following each lesson, the children completed an individualised fluency assessment, which we tailored to their needs using PT methods. We collected baseline and follow- up data using the Test of Early Mathematics Ability (TEMA-3), the Wide Range Achievement Test (WRAT-4) and the Corrective Mathematics placement test. We also interviewed the children post- intervention to gain insight into their experience of the approach. The results provide evidence to support the use of an instructional fluency approach in a PRU setting to help children develop early mathematics skills, particularly for children who engaged in the sessions regularly. Due to the small sample size, the results of this study have limited generalisability but may help shape future research investigating effective strategies for teaching mathematics in PRUs.
Genetic diversity of pear cultivars using SSR markers and their reactions to pear rust (Gymnosporangium fuscum)
Authors: Kaymak Suat , Pinar Hasan
Published: September 2020

Commonly grown in different ecological conditions of Turkey and the world, pear (Pyrus communis L.), as a plant species, has a long cultivation history in Turkey. However, its unique genetic resources are in danger of extinction due to changes in the agro-ecosystem and genetic erosion. In addition, pear rust caused by Gymnosporangium fuscum is one of the significant diseases of pear. Severe economic losses have been reported in some pear orchards near the extensive juniper populations. In the present study, the genetic diversity and sensitivity level to pear rust (Gymnosporangium fuscum) of 25 local and commercially important pear varieties grafted on seedling and Quince A (QA) was determined using 13 SSR primers. The selected verities were clustered into two major groups that were closely related. The SSR markers provided reliable genotyping and demonstrated their usefulness for identifying pear genetic diversity. The difference between years and rootstocks according to disease severity rates was found to be statistically significant. Although none of the pear varieties assessed in these experiments were resistant to rust, the disease severity of the pear varieties of QA rootstock was generally higher than that of the seedling varieties.
Turunçgil Antraknoz Etmeni Colletotrichum gloeosporioides’in LAMP (Loop-Mediated İsothermal Amplification) Tekniği Kullanılarak Hızlı Tanısı
Authors: Uysal Aysun , Kurt Şener
Published: September 2020

Turunçgillerde antraknoz hastalığı sürgünlerde geriye doğru kuruma, yapraklarda leke, erken dönem yaprak ve meyve dökümleri, meyvelerde antraknoz belirtileri şeklinde ortaya çıkmaktadır. Antraknoz etmeni Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, ülkemizde özellikle limon başta olmak üzere birçok turunçgil tür ve çeşitlerinde şiddetli enfeksiyonlara yol açmaktadır. C. gloeosporioides fungal patojeninin tanısı, morfolojik, moleküler yöntemler ve proteine dayalı spektrum analizleri ile yapılabilmektedir. Bu çalışma, LAMP tekniğini kullanarak turunçgil antraknoz etmeni C.gloeosporioides’in hızlı tanısını gerçekleştirmek için yürütülmüştür. LAMP yöntemi için spesifik primerler, C. gloeosporioides türünün gen dizileri her gen bölgesine özgü primer setleri (F3/B3 ve FIP/BIP) ‘Primer Explorer V3’ adlı bilgisayar programı (http://primerexplorer.jp/e) kullanılarak tasarlanmıştır. LAMP reaksiyonunda kullanılmak üzere tasarlanan primerlerin özgüllükleri C. gloeosporioides’ in 3 farklı izolatları ile Fusarium solani’ nin Fs4 izolatı olmak üzere toplam 3 DNA örneği kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. PCR çalışmasında genomik DNA 1ng/µl-1, LAMP çalışmasında 10 fg/µl-1 miktarında kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, Flouresan boya ile incelendiğinde, C. gloeosporioides izolatlarının bulunduğu tüplerde parlama olmuştur. Ancak, F. solani’ nin bulunduğu tüpte parlama gözlenmemiştir. LAMP analizinin C. gloeosporioides’ den elde edilen genomik DNA'yı başarıyla tespit ettiğini göstermiş, fakat F. solani’ elde edilen genomik DNA'yı tespit edememiştir. LAMP tekniği ile 2 saat süren bir analiz sonucunda elde edilen başarılı sonuçlarla kısa süre içerisinde patojenin varlığı tespit edilmiştir.
Distribution of Septoria tritici blotch disease agent Zymoseptoria tritici mating type idiomorphs in Turkey
Authors: Mustafa Zemran
Published: September 2020

Zymoseptoria tritici is the pathogen responsible for Septoria tritici blotch (STB) disease in wheat, causing significant yield losses during some years. This disease is observed in wheat production areas in our country as in many regions of the world. In this study, STB diseased wheat leaves were collected from six geographical regions in wheat cultivation areas of Turkey during 2013 and 2014 production seasons. A total of 103 single spore isolates obtained from the collection of Z. tritici population were chosen as representative for testing of their mating type. The isolates were evaluated for mating type (MAT) idiomorph frequency by multiplex PCR using Z. tritici specific MAT primers. The prevalence of mating types was found to be 48.5% (50) and 51.5% (53) for Mat1-1 and Mat1-2, respectively. Chi-square test was used to assess that two mating type scores are at equal frequencies. The study affirms the hypothesis that Z. tritici is reproducing sexually and spread via airborne ascospores aside from rain splash dispersed asexual spores in Turkey. Genetic recombination during sexual mating has a potential to generate more virulent pathotypes of Z. tritici.
Determination of the effectiveness of different spraying programs against powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator Schw.)
Authors: Mermer Doğu Duygu , Zobar Damla
Published: September 2020

The control of powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator Schw.) is carried out based on phenology in Turkey. First spraying is done when the shoots become 25-30 cm in length before blooming according to the Agricultural Control Technical Instructions. The aim of this project was to assay different spraying programs on epidemiology effects and determine the suitable time to start chemical control. Within the scope of the project, three different spraying programs were applied on Cabernet Sauvignon grape variety in the research area within the Tekirdağ Viticulture Research Institute in 2015. As a result of the applied programs; it is found that the effects of the disease control in fungicide applications in leaf for Program A (according to Agricultural Control Technical Instructions) as 36.4%, Program B (addition of an additional pesticide application between first two applications in Agricultural Control Technical Instructions) 43.2%, Program C (early chemical control when shoots are 10 cm) 59.3%; in cluster for Program A is 52.5%, for Program B 74.1% and for Program C 87.9%. It was suggested that Program B was a suitable alternative to control powdery mildew disease in Tekirdağ province and Thrace Region, since it was an economical option.