bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Friedrich A. von Hayek e il problema della solidarietà
Authors: Antiseri Dario
Published: March 2021

In the development of science and of a democracy, competition represents the highest form of collaboration. The same applies in the free market economic system that supports political freedom and corresponds to the most secure source of extended welfare. However, Hayek warns that The «Great Society» is seriously threatened by the comeback of the social-ism’s «tribal ethic»: «the concept of ‘social justice’ has been the Trojan horse for the entrance of the totalitarism». By saying this, he does not deny the value of solidarity. The Great Society can allow itself to help those in need, and actually it must do it.

Resumen. La competizione nello sviluppo della scienza e nella vita di una democrazia costituisce la piü alta forma di collaborazione, cosí come lo é nell’economia di mercato - sistema económico che sta a base delle liberta politiche e che é la fonte maggiormente sicura del piü esteso benessere. La Grande Societá, tuttavia, é seriamente minacciata - ammonisce Hayek - dalla riaffermazione dell»’etica tribale» del socialismo: «il concertó di ‘giustizia sociale’ é stato il cavallo di Troia tramite il quale ha fatto il suo ingresso il totalitarismo». Con ció Hayek non nega affatto il valore della solidarietá, in quanto la Grande Societá puó permettersi di aiutare i piü deboli e deve farlo.
Il divieto dell’usura nella società cristiana. Valore morale, significato storico e implicazioni economiche
Authors: Zanotto Paolo
Published: March 2021

This work studies the main functions, economic and moral, of the prohibition of interest in loans of money which was settled down, at medieval time, in the christiana respublica. Also, it analyses the benefits in social terms that this norm produced and the negative consequences that, however, were originated in the human being´s work of their cancellation on the part of the theorists of the classical economy at the modern time.

Palabras clave: divieto di usura; società cristiana; morale cattolica; vangelo; depositum irregulare; libertà d’intrapresa; capitalismo; aliena-zione.

Clasificación JEL: B11, B31, B53

Resumen: El presente trabajo estudia las principales funciones, eco-nómicas y morales, de la prohibición del interés en el prestamo de dine-ro que se estableció, en época medieval, en la respublica christiana. Igualmente, se analizan los beneficios en términos sociales que esa norma produjo y las consecuencias negativas que, en cambio, se origi-naron en el trabajo del ser humano de su anulación por parte de los teóricos de la economía clásica en la época moderna.
The Uneasy Case for Fractional- Reserve Free Banking
Authors: Hauwe Ludwig van den
Published: March 2021

Since a few decades several sub-disciplines within economics have witnessed a reorientation towards institutional analysis. This development has in particular also affected the fields of macroeconomics and monetary theory where it has led to several proposals for far-reaching financial and monetary reform. One of the more successful of these proposals advocates a fractional-reserve free banking system, that is, a system with no central bank, but with permission for the banks to operate with a fractional reserve. This article exposes several conceptual flaws in this proposal. In particular several claims of the fractional-reserve free bankers with respect to the purported working characteristics of this system are criticized from the perspective of economic theory. In particular, the claim that a fractional-reserve free banking system would lead to the disappearance of the business cycle is recognized as false. Furthermore an invisible-hand analysis is performed, reinforcing the conclusion that fractional-reserve free banking is incompatible with the ethical and juridical principles underlying a free society.

Key words: monetary and banking regimes, comparative institutional analysis, fractional-reserve free banking, business cycle, invisible hand.

Clasificación JEL: B53, E32, E42, E5, G18, H11, K39, P3, P34

Resumen: Desde hace algunas décadas varias subdisciplinas de la economía se ven reorientadas hacia el análisis institucional. Este desarrollo ha afectado más específicamente también a los campos de la macroeconomía y la teoría monetaria donde ha llevado a varias propuestas de reformas financieras y monetarias de gran alcance. Una de las propuestas más exitosas aboga por una banca libre con reserva fraccionaria, o sea un sistema sin banco central en el cual, sin embargo, los bancos puedan operar con una reserva fraccionaria. Este artículo comenta varios defectos conceptuales de dicha propuesta. Más específicamente, varias alegaciones de los banqueros de la banca libre con reserva fraccionaria relativas a las supuestas características operativas de este sistema se critican partiendo de la teoría económica. Más en particular, se denuncia como errónea la alegación de que una banca libre con reserva fraccionaria llevaría a la desaparición del ciclo económico. Además, se realiza un análisis de mano invisible lo cual refuerza la conclusión que la banca libre con reserva fraccionaria es incompatible con los principios éticos y jurídicos propios de una sociedad libre.

Palabras clave: banca libre con reserva fraccionaria, ciclo económico, mano invisible.
Stability of gold standard and its selected consequences: a comment
Authors: Howden David
Published: March 2021

Kvasnicˇka (2007) attempts to demonstrate that the gold standard may be an unlikely alternative for small economies to revert to. The crux of his argument deals with supply considerations that could prove fatal to a fledgling currency. An influx of gold from the world’s existing gold stock, or its new production could prove to be a destabilising supply-side factor undermining the usability, and hence, adoption, of such a monetary system. We find fault with this for two main theoretical reasons. First, a distinction must be made between gold stock, and monetary gold. Second, the mechanism that creates monetary gold works as a natural break on unrestrained supply growth. Several additional clarifications are necessary as well, among them the role money supply plays in the trade cycle, and the casual relationship that exists between supply and price. Finally, an insightful comparison used linking monetary gold in a small economy to the use of cigarettes in a Second World War P.O.W. camp must be slightly altered to make a true comparison. Kvasnicˇka does a great service to free-marketers by providing a theoretical attack on the choice of gold as a medium of exchange, however, in light of this paper’s theoretical conclusions, the free-market defence of commodity money endures.

JEL Classification: B53 – Austrian Economics, E42 – Monetary Systems, E51 – Money Supply.
Study of the effects on employment of public aid to renewable energy sources
Authors: Álvarez Gabriel Calzada , Jara Raquel Merino Jara , Julián Juan Ramón Rallo , Bielsa José Ignacio García
Published: March 2021

Economic crisis has raised the topic of whether governments should control the economy in order to promote prosperity and create jobs. This idea has specially sprung in relation to the promotion of entire productive sectors which are considered strategic or high-value by planners, one of which is renewable energies. This article analyzes the Spanish experience on subsidizing wind, mini-hydroelectric and photovoltaic energies in order to foster growth and create so-called «green jobs». Results suggest that more jobs are destroyed than those that initially were intended to be created.

Key words: Renewable energies, subsidies, job destruction, economic planning, spending stimulus.

JEL Classification: E24; E32; H25; H44; O13; Q42; Q43; Q48.

Resumen: La crisis económica ha planteado la cuestión de si los gobiernos deberían controlar la economía para promover la prosperidad y crear empleo. Esta idea ha surgido especialmente en relación a la promoción de sectores productivos enteros que se consideran estratégicos o de alto valor por los planificadores, como el sector de las energías renovables. Este artículo analiza la experiencia española en relación con la subvención de las energías eólica, hidroeléctrica y fotovoltaica para impulsar el crecimiento y crear los llamados «empleos verdes». Los resultados sugieren que se destruyen más empleos de los que inicialmente se pretendía crear.

Palabras clave: Energías renovables, subvenciones, destrucción de empleos, planificación económica, estímulos de gasto.

Clasificación JEL: E24; E32; H25; H44; O13; Q42; Q43; Q48.
La filosofía política de Ludwig von Mises
Authors: Zanotti Gabriel J.
Published: March 2021

In this article I outline a basic interpretive conjecture about the political philosophy of Ludwig von Mises, issue about very few work have been done. I begin with a psychological conjecture that explains his life and work; then, from there, I explain his political philosophy’s hard core (focusing on his particular utilitarianism and his notion of social cooperation and «civilization»). Then I analyze some specific issues: state and nation, property, social peace, state and government, democracy, criticism of nationalism and colonialism and the crisis of political parties. The article ends with a call for a deeper study of these issues in the work of Mises.

Key words: Social cooperation, utilitarianism, social peace, property, classical liberalism, western civilization.

JEL Classification: B31, B53.

Resumen: En el presente artículo tratamos de esbozar una conjetura inter-pretativa básica de la filosofía política de Ludwig von Mises, aspecto poco tratado de su pensamiento. Comenzamos con una conjetura psicológica que explique su vida y su obra, para luego, a partir de allí, explicar el núcleo central de su filosofía política (centrada en su peculiar utilitarismo y en su noción de cooperación social y «civilización»). Tratamos luego algunos temas específicos: estado y nación, propiedad, paz social, estado y gobierno, la democracia, la crítica a los nacionalismos y colonialismos y la crisis de los partidos políticos. El artículo termina con una exhortación a un estudio más profundo de estos temas en la obra conjunta de Mises.

Palabras clave: Cooperación social, utilitarismo, paz social, propiedad, liberalismo clásico, civilización.

Clasificación JEL: B31, B53.
Schumpeter’s Entrepreneur and The German Historical School. A Critical Analysis
Authors: Kleinheyer Marius
Published: March 2021

This paper provides a fundamental critic of the Schumpeterian concept of entrepreneurship. Being one of the most influential economist of the 20th century, Schumpeter inspired many different lines of economic thought. The nexus of his theory, the concept of entrepreneurship, can be seen as his most important contribution to economic theory. A deeper understanding of the complex work of Schumpeter requires to identify the intellectual roots and the core of his thinking. This paper claims that the core in his thinking can be found in the conceptual basis of the German Historical School. It is reasoned that the Schumpeterian entrepreneur is understandable and inherently consistent, if he is interpreted as a representative of the thought system of German historicism.

Key words: German Historical School - Schumpeter - Entrepreneurship.

JEL Classification: A12, A14, B15, B25, B31, B53.

Resumen: Este artículo critica de forma fundamental el concepto de función empresarial de Schumpeter e identifica que el origen conceptual de su teoría sobre el empresario se encuentra en la Escuela Histórica Alemana.

Palabras clave: Escuela Histórica Alemana - Schumpeter - función empresarial.

Clasificación JEL: A12, A14, B15, B25, B31, B53.
El fletamento de mercancías en la carrera de Indias (1560-1622): introducción a su estudio
Authors: Lorenzo Sergio M. Rodríguez
Published: March 2021

The carrera de Indias constitutes the maritime-mercantile system that communicates Spain with his American colonies. The whole Europe takes part in this route under the jurisdiction of the Catholic Monarchy. Up to Mexico, Peru or the Carib there arrives many goods that sell for silver and other precious products. There are many economic activities that give form to this maritime route; but the base of everything is the shipping business. The contract that regulates the relations between merchants and masters of the vessels is the freightment. The present work analyzes the different clauses of the freightments of goods and defends that, in spite of Crown’s interventions, the carrera de Indias was an area of economic freedom, been ruled by the private negotiation and the institutional spontaneity of the maritime law.

Key words: Economic history, shipping business, freightments, mercantilism, maritime law.

JEL Classification: L260, N010, N730, N830.

Resumen: La carrera de Indias constituye el sistema marítimo-mercantil que comunica a España con sus colonias americanas. Toda Europa participa en esa ruta bajo jurisdicción de la Monarquía Católica. Hasta México, Perú o el Caribe se llevan mercancías que se venden por plata y otros productos preciosos. Son muchas las actividades económicas que dan forma a esta ruta marítima; pero la base de todo es el negocio naviero. El contrato que regula las relaciones entre comerciantes y señores de naos es el fletamento. El presente trabajo analiza las diferentes cláusulas de los fletamentos de mercancía y defiende que, a pesar de la intervención de la Corona, la carrera de Indias fue un ámbito de libertad económica, regido por la negociación privada y la espontaneidad institucional propia del derecho marítimo.

Palabras clave: Historia económica, negocio naviero, fletamentos, mercan-tilismo, derecho marítimo.

Clasificación JEL: L260, N010, N730, N830.
The non-neutrality of money: a response to Dr. Humphrey
Authors: Ravier Adrián O.
Published: March 2021

This article answers Dr. Humphrey contention on the similarities between monetarist and Austrian approaches to the neutrality of money. Monetarists at most only concentrate on short term non neutrality while Austrians base their analysis in short, medium and long term non neutrality. For the more, monetarists lack a true theory of capital that could let then understand thet even with flexible markets money would not be neutral in the short term.

Key words: Economic cycles, neutrality of money, short and long term effects of money, capital theory.

JEL Classification: B53, B49, D01, K13.

Resumen: El presente artículo contesta la tesis del Dr. Humphrey según la cual las diferencias entre austriacos y monetaristas son ficticias pues algunos de éstos también reconocieron los efectos distorsionadores del crecimiento monetario sobre los precios relativos. El artículo demuestra que la teoría austriaca considera que el dinero no es neutral ni a corto, ni a medio ni a largo plazo y ello contrasta con el enfoque monetarista que solo reconoce la no neutralidad a corto plazo y por razones equivocadas al carecer de una verdadera teoría del capital.

Palabras clave: Ciclo económico, neutralidad del dinero, corto plazo, largo plazo, teoría del capital.

Clasificación JEL: B53, B49, D01, K13.
La paradoja de los indignados
Authors: Kaiser Axel
Published: March 2021

Una ola de convulsiones sociales atraviesa el mundo. En Occidente, la prensa ha llamado a los manifestantes «indignados». El término ha sido tomado del panfleto Indignáos! (Indignez-vous!) del intelectual francés Stéphane Hessel. La indignación por la si - tuación política y económica de Occidente es justificada. Tanto en Europa como en Estados Unidos, la brecha entre élites finan - cieras y el resto de la población se ha extendido mientras la clase política se ha convertido en una suerte de nobleza de estado com - pletamente desconectada de la realidad del hombre común. La corrupción del sistema ha llegado a tal punto, que no es una exa - geración sostener que las democracias han fracasado en asegurar un juego limpio entre los diversos actores sociales, poniendo así en peligro su propia subsistencia.
La percepción de que algo se encuentra fundamentalmente des - compuesto en las sociedades occidentales explica por qué Hessel ha logrado vender millones de copias de su provocativo panfleto detonando movimientos sociales en Francia y España. También explica el surgimiento de Occupy Wall Street en Estados Unidos,Movimiento que declara oficalmente inspirarse en las acampadas españolas. El efecto galvanizador del panfleto de Hessel nos ha recordado que los intelectuales, como insistió Karl Popper, deben ser especialmente cuidadosos con las ideas que difunden. Jamás se debiera olvidar la advertencia de Isaiah Berlin de que «cuando las ideas son descuidadas por aquellos que han de atenderlas —es decir, aquellos que han sido entrenados para pensar crítica mente acerca de las ideas—, en ocasiones adquieren un incontrolable impulso y un poder irresistible sobre las multitudes que puede llegar a ser demasiado violento como para ser afectado por la crítica racional.»1 Esta es una lección de la historia del marxismo y del nacional socialismo que no debiéramos olvidar.
Peligrosamente, Hessel ha endosado la misma actitud que con - dujo al comunismo y el nacional socialismo, a saber: el colectivis - mo. En efecto, tanto el nazismo como el marxismo derivaron de un rechazo a la filosofía individualista que sentó las bases de la civilización occidental. Por individualismo debe entenderse en este contexto, el que cada persona es considerada única, un fin en sí misma como diría Kant, lo cual implica que esta es libre de perseguir sus propios fines. Un individuo es libre entonces, sólo en la medida en que no es coaccionado por otros para perseguir fines ajenos, sean estos particulares o colectivos. La libertad con - siste así, como afirmó John Locke, en «encontrarse libre de restricciones y de la violencia de otros».2 Este reemplazo de la coerción por los acuerdos voluntarios de los diversos individuos persigui - endo sus intereses es esencial para que el progreso pueda florecer. No es una coincidencia el que los grandes logros de la huma - nidad hayan sido el producto de la libertad de perseguir fines individuales: ninguna ópera o invento tecnológico significativo ha sido jamás creado bajo coerción.
Excellent Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes with Direct Superior Total Hip Arthroplasty with a Minimum of Two-Year Follow Up
Authors: Sharabianlou Moritz , Arora Prerna , Amanatullah Derek
Published: March 2021

This study aims to establish the midterm safety and performance for the direct superior approach to minimally invasive surgery total hip arthroplasty (MIS-THA). We used a unicentric, single-surgeon, retrospective, consecutive case series analysis of the first 40 patients who received primary unilateral direct superior MIS-THA. Special attention was given to functional recovery by measuring Harris Hip Score (HHS) and timed-up-and-go (TUG) with a mean follow up of 2.2 ± 0.4 years. A radiologic evaluation was performed. HHS and TUG improved significantly at three months and one year (p < 0.001). All components were placed within the Lewinnek safe zone with no change position or signs of loosening at two years. With a minimum of two years of follow up, the direct superior approach appears to be safe without any obvious or consistent postoperative complications—clinically or radiographically—with excellent functional recovery. Additionally, our subgroup analysis supported no late learning curve effect.
JUST IN TIME INVENTORY MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUE AND SUPPLY
CHAIN PERFORMANCE IN PROCESSING FIRMS IN KENYA:
A CASE OF CROWN PAINTS LIMITED
Authors: Kibisu Penina , Machoka Paul
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
The main objective of the study was to investigate the effect of just in time inventory management technique on
supply chain performance in processing firms in Kenya with focus to Crown Paints Limited. This study
analyzed several theories majoring on the deterministic inventory which deterministic models of stock
control are utilized to decide the ideal stock levels in the company. This study adopted descriptive research
design. Target population of this study was 279 staff working in various department at Crown Paints Limited.
Stratified random sampling technique was used in this study to come up with a sample size of 81 respondents.
Questionnaires were used to collect primary data. Qualitative and quantitative data was collected where
quantitative data was coded in the SPSS (Version 22). Data has been presented using frequency tables and
figures while interpretation has been done in prose form. Inferential statistics was used to establish
relationship between just in time inventory management technique on supply chain performance. The study
concluded that customer order cycle influence supply chain performance. There was significant relationship
between customer order cycle and supply chain performance. The study concludes that supply chain cycle
contributes to supply chain performance, and that there was significant relationship between supply chain
cycle and supply chain performance. The study concludes that there was linear relationship between Takt
Time and supply chain performance. There was significant influence of Takt Time on supply chain
performance. The study concludes that pull system contributes to the supply chain performance. The study
concludes that the overall significant relationship between pull system and supply chain performance. The
study recommends that organizations should have multiple objectives like enhanced competitiveness, better
customer service and increased profitability among other. To seek these objectives organizations should
employ various defensive as well as offensive business performance improvement approaches. In order to
receive an accurate result using takt time formula on supply chain performance, organizations should put
both the production time available and the customer demand into frames. Goods should simply be produced
according to the pace of consumption in the market a market demand-pull supply chain system.
Peran Masyarakat Film Indonesia (MFI) Dalam Mendukung Demokratisasi Indonesia (2007-2009)
Authors:   Departemen Ilmu Politik, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Indonesia, Solechan Aulia Tiara , Oktavia Indriana ,   Departemen Ekonomi, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Padjajaran, Pratiwi Julia ,   Fakultas Film dan Televisi, Institut Kesenian Jakarta
Published: March 2021

Masyarakat Film Indonesia merupakan bagian dari masyarakat sipil Indonesia yang memiliki perhatian dalam perkembangan perfilman Indonesia. Penelitian ini membahas tentang upaya MFI dalam mendorong demokratisasi di Indonesia. Mereka menuntut Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1992 tentang Perfilman perlu direvisi, karena dianggap tidak relevan. Teori yang akan digunakan dalam artikel ini untuk menganalisis upaya MFI adalah teori masyarakat sipil dan perannya dalam mendukung demokratisasi oleh Larry Diamond dan Els van Enckevort. Temuan artikel ini adalah; MFI berhasil mendorong Mahkamah Konstitusi untuk merevisi Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1992 tentang Film dengan menjadikan IMLPC (Indonesian Media Law and Power Centre) sebagai konsultan, mencari saksi dan mengumpulkan bukti yang terkait dengannya, membuat perbandingan dengan UUD 1945 sebagaimana telah diubah, dan mempublikasikan komunitas.
AN IR AND FLOW REACTOR STUDY OF CHLOROFORM OXIDATION OVER MANGANESE OXIDES
Authors: Gallegos Maria V , Garbarino Gabriela , Colman Lerner Jorge Esteban , Finocchio Elisabetta , Busca Guido , Sambeth Jorge Enrique , Peluso Miguel Angel
Published: March 2021

A series of manganese base oxides (MnCe, MnZr and MnCeZr) obtained by co-precipitation, were characterized by SBET, XRD, TPR, XPS and studiedby FTIR in the oxidation reaction of a typical Cl-VOC such as chloroform, CHCl3. The oxides were compared with a manganeseoxide obtained from the recycling of spent batteries (MnOx). In addition, the catalytic combustion of CHCl3 in a fixed-bed reactor was analyzed and the CHCl3 conversion decreased in the order: MnZr > MnOx = MnCeZr >MnCe. In all cases, the conversion is higher than that obtained without a catalyst. The surface Mn4+/Mn3+ ratio would favor the decomposition of Cl-VOC. The study of CHCl3 reaction atmosphere by in situ IR reveals that in the absence of catalysts, CCl4, COCl2, C2Cl4 and CH2Cl2 were observed. On the other hand, C2Cl4 is not formed in the presence of catalysts, although CCl4 and CH2Cl2 were observed and must be avoided
EFFECTS OF HYDROCOLLOID COMBINATIONS ON PHYSICAL, TEXTURAL AND SENSORY PROPERTIES OF KAZANDIBI
Authors: Arslan Seher , Kadagan Selen
Published: March 2021

This study investigated the effect of the utilization of different hydrocolloid combinations (guar gum-xanthan gum, carrageenan-guar gum and carrageenan-xanthan gum combinations) on kazandibi.  Kazandibi containing a guar gam and carrageenan combination received the lowest syneresis value and the highest Hunter L and b values at the end of the storage period. Sample hardness and gumminess values were found as 0.46-2.41 Newton (N) and 0.453-1.806 N, respectively. Based on sensory analysis, guar gam containing formulations had  the highest general appreciation during the storage period.  The addition of hydrocolloids in kazandibi production resulted in positive effects on textural and sensory properties.
BATCHPUMP: AN ALTERNATIVE TO CONVENTIONAL BLOW TANKS
Authors: Gomes de Freitas Adriano , Oliveira Lima Yuri , Furlan de Oliveira Vitor , Borges dos Santos Ricardo , Alberto Martinez Riascos Luis
Published: March 2021

The pursuit of better energy efficiency solutions is a constant subject. Here we present a number of results obtained during the development of an industrial equipment; a bulk solids feeder called Batchpump. With the proposal of being an alternative to the conventional blow tanks, having as main differentials: energy efficiency; simpler installation; lower dimensions; and lower cost of production. In this work there is presented the results obtained for both the Batchpump and a conventional blow tank applied to a  pneumatic conveying system, with limestone powder, on a pipeline with 133m of total length, with an inlet pressure of 4 bar, the Batchpump obtained results of conveying rate being 25% lower and the air consumption being 30% lower validating the initial hypothesis: to consume less energy with comparable transport rate. We present in the results the data in steady state transport cycle in dense phase regime.
THE EFFECT OF MICROWAVE OUTPUT POWER ON DRYING KINETICS OF YOGHURT AND MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF DRYING CURVES
Authors: Yüksel Ayşe Nur
Published: March 2021

The objectives of this study were investigation the effects of microwave output powers on drying kinetics of yoghurt, selecting the best fitted thin-layer model to characterize the drying behavior of yoghurt and determination of the activation energy and effective diffusivity. In order to achieve these objectives, low-fat yoghurt was dried by using domestic microwave oven at different microwave output powers (100, 180 and 300 W). Average drying rates were determined as 1.49, 4.43 and 7.90 g H2O m-2 s-1 for microwave output powers of 100, 180 and 300 W, respectively. The effective moisture diffusivities were determined as 3.30 x 10-9, 6.62 x 10-9 and 1.15 x 10-8 m2 s-1 for 100, 180 and 300 W, respectively. The Ea of yoghurt was found as 3.62 W g-1. Midilli and others model was selected as best fitted model due to highest values of R2 and low values of χ2, RMSE and RSS.
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THIN-LAYER DRYING CHARACTERISTICS OF APPLE SLICES
Authors: Doymaz İbrahim , Soydan Mehmet
Published: March 2021

In this experimental study, cultivar of Granny Smith apple slices were dried by using convective hot air tray dryer. Before drying process, the pretreatment methods with ascorbic acid and citric acid solution (0.5% + 0.5%), blanching (80°C and 1 min) and potassium carbonate solution (4%) were carried out. Control samples were dried naturally without any pretreatments. Temperatures for hot air convective drying were decided as 50, 60, 70 and 80°C with constant air velocity of 2 m/s in the cabinet dryer. Throughout the drying process, constant drying period was not observed. Once the temperatures increased from 50 to 80°C, drying rate also increased. Well-known mathematical models such as Henderson & Pabis, Page, Midilli & Kucuk, Wang & Singh and Agbashlo et al. were compared with each other to specify the change of moisture inside the material. Consequently, Midilli & Kucuk model was chosen the best model to explain the drying characteristics of the samples with all slice thicknesses and all drying conditions. Diffusivity coefficients of the moisture transfer inside the apple slices at different temperatures (50, 60, 70 and 80°C) were calculated with the help of Fick’s second law of diffusion. The values of diffusion coefficients over the mentioned temperature range changed between 4.804´10-10 and 1.739´10-9 m2/s. The activation energy values of the drying process were calculated by Arrhenius type equation and found to be 36.1, 32.5, 29.8 and 32.1 kJ/mol for potassium carbonate, citric acid and ascorbic acid mixture, blanching and control samples, respectively.
ASUHAN KEBIDANAN PADA NY. S UMUR 33 TAHUN USIA KEHAMILAN 33 MINGGU 1 HARI DENGAN KEHAMILAN HEMOROID DI RUMAH SAKIT ELISABETH MEDAN TAHUN 2018
Authors: Ambarita Bernadetta , Sinurat Winda Mintauli
Published: March 2021

Hemorhoids are one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders found in everyday practice and are often the main differential diagnoses for almost all anorectal complaints. (murdani Abdullah 2014). Hemorhoid in pregnant women is common and is a physiological condition that accompanies pregnancy. Pregnancy will increase the incidence of hemorhoid, where more than 50% of pregnant women encountered this case. The risk will increase by 20-30% after the second pregnancy or more. Surgical treatment of hemorrhoidectomy is an option that must be taken by pregnant women if treatment conservatively fails. (Leliana Carolina; 2014).Goals : Able to perform Midwifery Care on Mrs.S Age 33 Years old Pregnancy age 33 Weeks 1 Day With Hemoroid Pregnancy At Elisabeth Hospital Medan in 2018 by using the varney midwifery management approach and solve the problem if there is a gap between practice and theory in pregnant women.Methods: Based on the case study on Mrs.S, the method used for data collection was primary data consisting of physical inspection appears there was swelling on the nus, the pain.Result: Based on case of Mrs.S with hemorhoids pregnancy done handling for 3 days in Elisabeth Hospital Medan. After handling the pain and giving therapy.Conclution : Midwifery care on Mrs.S with Hemoroid Pregnancy in its execution there is no gap between theory and practice in the field.
PERBEDAAN RERATA PENINGKATAN BERAT BADAN BAYI ANTARA IBU MENYUSUI OBESITAS DAN NORMAL
Authors: Sinaga Desriati
Published: March 2021

Obesity is one of the trigger factors for the incidence of non-communicable diseases as well as increasing morbidity in mothers and infants. Obesity experienced by mothers before pregnancy can affect the increase in baby's weight. Goals : Analyze differences in the increase in infant weight of obese and normal breastfeeding mothers. Method : Observational study with cross sectional design for 40 breastfeeding mothers and their babies in the work area of Andalas Community Health Center, Ikur Koto Health Center and Lubuk Buaya Health Center in Padang City with consecutive sampling techniques from August to November 2017. Increased body weight was obtained from a 1-month baby weight reduction with baby's birth weight. Data analysis using independent t test to see the difference between the two groups of variables. Result : There was a difference in the increase in infant weight from obese mothers with normal breastfeeding mothers (p = 0.023).Conclusion : Lower weight gain in infants of obese mothers. It is recommended for breasfreeding mothers, especially obese mothers, to continue to give exclusive breastfeeding and not to give formula milk or other foods even though the baby's weight gain was slow.
GAMBARAN STATUS GIZI LANSIA DI WILAYAH BINAAN PRODI NERS STIKes SANTA ELISABETH MEDAN
Authors: Sinaga Endang Junita , Simorangkir Lindawati
Published: March 2021

Nutirional methods of the elderly is most important. Changes in body function effect to concumption and absortion of nutrients. The elderly with nutritional problems, it is necessary to cure and prevent complications from the disease. The most problems often are is malnutrion and obesity, it caused due to changes in diet and activities after retirement. Goals : This study aims to determine the description of the nutritional status of the elderly in the Nurse Study Program area of STIKes Santa Elisabeth Medan Method : The present study is descriptif to asses the nutritional status of the elderly Gerontik Ners Nursing Area STIKes Santa Elisabeth Medan using Body Mass Index (BMI) by measuring body weight and height in 30 elderly people. Results: The results showed that the majority of elderly people in the Elderly category (60- 74) 56.4%, the elderly who had gout acid comorbidities were 63.3% and over nutrition status 53.4%. Conculsion : From the results of the study it was found that the majority of the elderly experienced over nutrition 53.4%, based on the study suggested that the Gerontik Nursing group could provide optimum for the elderly. optimum nutrition for the elderly.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PERNIKAHAN DINI DI DUSUN I DESA BARU KEC PANCUR BATU DELI SERDANG SUMATERA UTARA TAHUN 2017
Authors: Purba Meriati Bunga Arta
Published: March 2021

Based on the research by the Sexuality and Gender Study Center of University of Indonesia, the rate of early marriage in Indonesia is the second highest in Southeast Asian in which 2 million out of 7.3 million women below 15 years old are married and drop out from school. Early marriage hinders them from going to school, causes pregnancy and birth complication, impedes the achievement of KB (Family Planning) Program and increases divorce rate. Goals : The objective of the research was to discover the correlation of value of virginity, knowledge and trust with early marriage at Dusun I Desa Baru. Methods: This is an observational analytical research with cross sectional design. It was done at Dusun I Desa Baru, Pancur Batu Subdistrict from November, 2017 until February, 2018. The population covered the teenagers below 20 years old which was all taken as the research samples i.e. 139 people. The dependent variable was early marriage, while the independent variables were parent income, trust, knowledge and value of virginity. The data were collected through questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression testing was employed to analyze the data. Result : The research results demonstrated that the variable with the most dominant influence was parent income at p-value = 0.006 (p<0.05) and Exp. β value = 3.675, followed by the variable of trust at p-value = 0.027 (p<0.05) and Exp. β value = 2.368, the variable of knowledge at p-value = 0.003 (p<0.05) and Exp. β value 6.064, and the variable of virginity at p-value = 0.003 (p<0.05) and Exp. Β value = 6.064. Based on these results, it was concluded that f(y) was 97%. It indicated that the probability of the variables of parent income, trust, knowledge and virginity influenced early marriage of 97.7%. Conclusion: It is recommended that the local government cooperate with local Puskesmas, Religious Figures, and Parents to conduct counseling to improve people’s knowledge of the ideal age to get married, so that they can prevent from possible problems due to early marriage and provide their children parent income at early age the importance of protecting their virginity until they get married.
TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN IBU HAMIL MENGENAI OMEGA-3 DAN OMEGA-6 TERHADAP KEHAMILAN DI KLINIK BERSALIN PERA SIMALINGKAR MEDAN TAHUN 2019
Authors: Siallagan Ermawaty Arisandi
Published: March 2021

In the womb of a mother the fetus experiences amazing growth and development all the time. Many factors are needed to help the fetus grow optimally in the mother's uterus. Nutrient is one of the factors for fetal brain development. Although the fetal brain mass is only about 16% of the body, but compared to other organs, the brain requires the most energy, which is more than 70% for the process of growth and development. Omega-3 and Omega-6 substances more than 60% are needed as constituents of brain cells and neurons. From the study it was said that 55% of diagnoses of autism occur due to the lack of pregnant women consuming intakes containing omega-3 and omega-6, while genetic factors causing autism are only about 37%. Goals: This study aims to determine the extent to which pregnant women know the use of Omega-3 and Omega-6 for pregnancy in the Pera Simalingkar Maternity Clinic Medan in 2019. Method: This research is descriptive using primary data by distributing questionnaires to every pregnant woman who comes to visit to check her pregnancy to the Pera Simalingkar Maternity Clinic Medan with a total of 40 respondents. Result: From the results of the study respondents who were well-knowledgeed were 30%, quite knowledgeable were 55% and knowledgeable were less than 15%. Conculsion: From the data above, the knowledge of pregnant women about Omega-3 and Omega-6 regarding pregnancy is sufficient knowledge. It is recommended for health workers to further improve IEC regarding Omega-3 and Omega-6 for pregnancy to pregnant women.
PENGARUH TEKNIK RELAKSASI GUIDED IMAGERY TERHADAP KUALITAS TIDUR PADA LANSIA DI UPT PELAYANAN SOSIAL LANSIA BINJAI
Authors: P Indra P , Tampubolon Linda F , Ndruru Samani
Published: March 2021

Complaints about night-time sleep difficulties often occur among the elderly. Difficulties in sleep that affect the quality of sleep of elderly are still many elderly people often have woke up.Guided imageryis a non farmokologi therapy is often used to treat sleep disorders andcan is useful to reduce anxiety, pain and facilitate good sleep quality. Goals : This study aimed to determine the effect of guided imagery relaxation technique on quality of sleep in the elderly in social services UPT Elderly Binjai. Method : This research method using one-group pre-post test design test. The sampling technique is purposive sampling, with a sample of 20 respondents. Measuring instruments used PSQI questionnaire. Result : Analysis of the data shows the results of the sleep quality pre-test all elderly experience poor sleep quality (100%) and post-test were experiencing good sleep quality as much (10%) and poor sleep quality as much (90%). The results showed that guided imagery relaxation techniques affect the quality of sleep in elderly UPT Elderly Social services Binjai p = 0.001 (<0.05). Conculsion : Researchers suggest to the elderly in order to continue the selfguided imagery regularly.
HUBUNGAN PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI DENGAN KECERDASAN SPIRITUAL PERAWAT DI RUMAH SAKIT SANTA ELISABETH MEDAN
Authors: Simorangkir Lindawati , Novitarum Lilis , Situmorang Titin Dwijayanti
Published: March 2021

Background : Nurses who are spiritually intelligent are able to positionbehavior, assess health measures given, be able to place feelings andface busy work and try to be responsible at work. Reducing workdensity, nurses take advantage of technology that can providechanges in terms of helping work, communication and so on so thatthe nurse's time to patients is moreMethods: The study design used an analytic survey design with cross sectionalmethod. Sampling using probability sampling with a Systematicsampling technique with a sample size of 58 people. The instrumentused in this study was a questionnaireResults: The results showed that the use of nurse technology was good(94.8%), the spiritual intelligence of nurses was high (58.6%).Elisabteh Health Journal : Jurnal Kesehatan, Vol. V No. 02 (Desember, 2020) : V-02 E-ISSN 2541-4992Discussion: In hospital services nurses must be able to utilize existingtechnology as reformers and be competitive in the world of healthand be able to place spirituality: their feelings and emotions inproviding nursing care to ensure an increase in the quality ofhospital services
Biostratigraphy of the Gurpi Formation (Zagros Basin, western Iran) based on planktonic foraminifera
Authors: Honarmand Atusa , Vahidinia Mohammad , Gharaie Mohammad Hosein Mahmudy , Ardestani Meysam Shafiee
Published: March 2021

Micropalaeontological and biostratigraphic studies of the Gurpi Formation were carried out at the Kuhe-Surgah section (Zagros Basin, Iran). In this research, 62 species of planktonic foraminifera, belonging to 23 genera, were recognized and used to describe the following zones: 1) Contusotruncana plummerae Interval Zone; 2) Radotruncana calcarata Total Range Zone; 3) Globotruncanella havanensis Partial Range Zone; 4) Globotruncana aegyptiaca Interval Zone; 5) Gansserina gansseri Interval Zone; 6) Contusotruncana contusa Interval Zone; 7) Abathomphalus mayaroensis Interval Zone; 8) Pseudoguembelina hariaensis Interval Zone; 9) Pseudotextularia elegans Interval Zone; 10) Parvularugoglobigerina eugubina Total Range Zone; 11) Parasubbotina pseudobulloides Interval Zone; and 12) Praemurica unicinata Interval Zone. Based on the ranges of planktonic foraminifera, the age of the Kuhe-Surgah section was estimated to be middle Campanian–late Danian.
Низька теорія (передмова до книжки «Квір-мистецтво неуспіху»)
Authors: Галберстам Джудит/Джек
Published: March 2021

У книжці «Квір-мистецтво неуспіху» я обґрунтовую необхідність не так переглянути стандарт «склав* / не склав*», як зруйнувати саму логіку успіху та невдачі, таку типову для нашого суспільства. За певних обставин неуспіх, втрачання, забування, розбирання, руйнування, невідповідність, незнання можуть, зрештою, відкрити креативніші, взаємодійніші [more cooperative], несподіваніші способи буття у світі. Бути неуспішними – це те, що квір-люди роблять і завжди робили винятково добре; для квір-людей неуспіх може бути стилем, згадаймо Квентина Криспа (Quentin Crisp), або способом життя, згадаймо Фуко (Foucault), і це засадничо відрізняється від безжального сценарію успіху, заснованого на принципі «пробувати знову й знову». Якщо успіх вимагає таких значних зусиль, то, можливо, в тривалій перспективі неуспіх є легшим шляхом, і він принесе інші винагороди.
«Освіта неспокою», активізм і академія: нотатки на полях корисної книжки
Authors: Плахотнік Ольга
Published: March 2021

Це аналітична рецензія на книжку Кевіна Кумаширо "Освіта неспокою: квір-активізм та антиопресивні педагогіки" (Kevin Kumashiro, "Troubling Education: Queer Activism and Antioppressive Pedagogy", New York: RoutledgeFalmer, 2002), що належить до класики антиопресивної освіти. Автор розуміє квір-активізм як такий, що обіймає ЛҐБТ+, феміністичні, антирасистські, антикапіталістичні політики тощо. Антиопресивні педагогіки, в інтерпретації автора, спрямовані на виховання соціально чутливих людей, здатних бачити багаторівневість субординацій у суспільстві і докладати зусиль, аби боротися з ними, опиратися несправедливості.
Чей феминизм? Феминистские движения в России и "западная" культурная гегемония
Authors: Соловей Ваня
Published: March 2021

Всем известно, что феминизм – это «западное» изобретение, а если в России и есть феминизм, то это просто калька с «Запада». Такие представления встречаются на каждом шагу в господствующих дискурсах, а иногда и внутри российских феминистских сообществ. Действительно ли российские феминизмы обречены вечно «догонять» «западные»? В этом эссе речь идет о культурной гегемонии «Запада» в отношении феминизма и о разных способах критически взаимодействовать с ней, о том, почему феминистская «матчасть» опирается на «западные» теории и на что еще она может опираться.
Стигматизація аналітичної концепції ґендеру як ідеології
Authors: Борат Ержебет
Published: March 2021

Звідколи 1989 року в Угорщині змінився політичний режим, авторка визначає три смислові вузли, які виникли та кристалізувалися в дискурси «ґендерної ідеології» та «ґендероманії». Таке переприсвоєння ключової категорії феміністичного аналізу – серйозний наступ, що має на меті не лише стигматизувати й огудити критичний потенціал «ґендеру», а й підважити саме його існування. У тексті Ержебет Борат розмірковує про особливості цих змін та пропонує полівокальну модель значення, яка завжди відкрита до критики. Така соціально обумовлена модель потрібна, аби повернути собі ґендер як критичну категорію аналізу, створену для розвінчування ідеологічної потреби патріархальних інституцій ре/продукувати нерівні владні відносини як даність.
SYCHOEMOTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ADOLESCENTS WITH ALLERGIC RHINITIS
Authors: Adamia N.
Published: March 2021

Allergic rhinitis is a widespread allergic disease, with 35-40% prevalence in the world population. It is characterized with increasing frequency, particularly in children’s population. Aim:. Study of psycho-emotional profile in adolescents with allergic rhinitis of different severity. Materials and methods. Single-stage research was conducted, in compliance with the ethical norms. Study included 86 children (41% girls and 45% boys) of age from 11 to 13 years with allergic rhinitis of different severity and 30 healthy children. For the purpose of study of the patients’ psychological profile Esenek Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) intended for assessment of characterological and individual psychological features in children and adolescents (10-15 years) was used. Psycho-emotional sphere of the adolescents with allergic rhinitis was assessed also by Psychopathologic Symptom Checklist (Symptom Checklist-90-Revised-SCL-90-R). Clinical scale of self-assessment of psychical condition is widely applied in ambulatory and hospital practice. At the final stage of research the mathematical-statistical data processing was provided by means of SPSS/v12 software package. According to the research results, susceptibility to significant and mild introversion was identified in severe and average AR cases. Such patients are often locked into their inner world. These children are reserved, communicate with the parents and close friends only. They make decisions with care, love order, control their emotions, are pessimistic and rarely aggressive. Results of neuroticism study by G. Esenek techniques are provided in Table. Neuroticism is associated with the lability of nervous system, characterizes emotional condition or emotional lability (emotional stability or instability). Results of Symptom Checklist-90-Revised – SCL90R) are provided in the Table.Conclusion: according to the research results, allergic rhinitis is characterized with emotional instability, anxiety, as manifested by unsatisfactory adaptation, instable nature, depression, low resistance to the stress situations. Based on the conducted research, we regard that individual assessment of psychological profile of patients with allergic rhinitis would be reasonable, for the purpose of management optimization
SKALA LIKERT UNTUK PENELITIAN PARIWISATA; BEBERAPA CATATAN UNTUK MENYUSUNNYA DENGAN BAIK
Authors: Suasapha Anom Hery
Published: March 2021

Artikel ini merupakan sebuah artikel studi literatur (literature review article) yang disusun dengan metode literatur review. Hal yang mendasari penulisan artikel ini adalah keinginan untuk memahami lebih baik mengenai Skala Likert dengan membaca beberapa literatur dan menuangkan hasilnya ke dalam bentuk manuskrip. Topik yang diulas melalui penulisan artikel ini adalah mengenai Skala Likert, sehingga kata kunci yang dipergunakan untuk mengumpulkan data, yang dalam hal ini adalah pustaka berupa buku maupun artikel jurnal adalah “Skala Likert”. Sebanyak 27 pustaka yang membahas mengenai Skala Likert telah dibaca. Mengingat Sebagian besar literatur yang dibaca adalah berupa buku yang terdiri atas banyak topik dan halaman, maka teknik membaca berupa scan, skim dan understand telah diaplikasikan. Ide utama dari penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk memaparkan semaksimal mungkin mengenai Skala Likert berdasarkan karya asli penemunya, untuk kemudian diperkuat dengan berbagai pendapat dari pakar lain mengenai Skala Likert, termasuk penggunaanya di bidang ilmu pariwisata. Bagi penulis, Literatur review mengenai Skala Likert ini menghasilkan pemahaman yang lebih baik mengenai Skala Likert dan apa saja yang harus dipertimbangkan untuk menyusun kuesioner Skala Likert dengan baik. Diharapkan, manfaat yang sama juga dapat dirasakan oleh pembacanya kelak.