bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT MELALUI PENDISTRIBUSIAN ZAKAT, INFAQ DAN SEDEKAH PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 STUDI KASUS: LAZISMU SURABAYA
Authors: Aprilianto Ersa Dwi , Widiastuti Tika
Published: March 2021

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran LAZISMU dalam pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat Surabaya melalui pendistribusian zakat, infaq, dan sedekah pada masa pandemi covid-19. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode studi kasus. Informan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari pengurus LAZISMU Surabaya dan anggota program UMKM BMW yang menerima pinjaman modal pada masa pandemi covid-19. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada masa pandemi covid-19 LAZISMU Surabaya berhasil memberdayakan ekonomi masyarakat Surabaya melalui program UMKM BMW di mana keberhasilan pemberdayaan ekonomi LAZISMU Surabaya diukur dengan indikator pembelian kebutuhan pokok, kebutuhan tambahan, pendidikan, kesehatan, jaminan ekonomi, kepedulian sosial dan ibadah. Kata Kunci: Pemberdayaan, Pendistribusian, Zakat, infaq, Sedekah, Covid-19. ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the role of LAZISMU in the economic empowerment of Surabaya people through the distribution of zakat, infaq, and shadaqah during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research approach used in this research is a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study method. The informants in this study consisted of LAZISMU Surabaya administrators and members of the BMW MSME (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises) program who received capital loans during the covid-19 pandemic. The data was collected by means of observation, interview and documentation techniques. The results showed that during the covid-19 pandemic LAZISMU Surabaya succeeded in empowering the economy of Surabaya community through the BMW MSME (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises) program where the success of LAZISMU Surabaya's economic empowerment was measured by indicators of necessities purchase, additional needs, education, health, economic security, social care and religious activity.Keywords: Role, Empowerment, Distribution, Zakat Infaq Alms, Covid-19.
Is the Presence of Leptospira in the Environment Merely Random? an Epidemiological Explanation Based on Serial Analysis of Water Samples
Authors: Warnasekara Janith , Srimantha Shalka , Senevirathna Indika , Kappagoda Chamila , Farika Nirmani , Nawinna Achala , Agampodi Suneth
Published: March 2021

Human leptospirosis cannot be investigated without studying zoonotic and environmental as-pects of the disease. The objectives of this study are to explore the abundance of Leptospira in dif-ferent climate zones of Sri Lanka and to describe the presence of Leptospira in same water source at different time points. First, water and soil samples were collected from whole-island, secondly, water sampling continued only in dry-zone, finally serial sampling of water from ten open wells was performed at five different time points. Quantitative PCR for water and metagenomic se-quencing for soil were used to detect Leptospira. In first component, 2 out of 12 water sites were positive and both are situated in wet-zone. Very small quantities of Genus Leptospira was detect-ed by metagenomic analysis of soil. Only 5 out of 26 samples were positive in the second compo-nent. Six, five, four, five, six wells were positive respectively in serial measurements of third component. All wells were positive at least one measurement while only one well was positive in all measurements. Closer to tank and higher distance from main road were significant risk fac-tors associated with well positivity. Presence of Leptospira seems not consistent indicating ran-dom abundance of Leptospira in natural environment.
Asynchronous Chirp Slope Keying for Underwater Acoustic Communication
Authors: Schott Dominik Jan , Gabbrielli Andrea , Xiong Wenxin , Fischer Georg , Höflinger Fabian , Wendeberg Johannes , Schindelhauer Christian , Rupitsch Stefan Johann
Published: March 2021

We propose an asynchronous acoustic chirp slope keying to map bit sequences on single or multiple bands without preamble or error correction coding on the physical layer. Details of the implementation are disclosed and discussed, the performance verified on laboratory scale in a pool measurement, as well as simulated for a channel containing Rayleigh fading and Additive White Gaussian Noise. For time-bandwidth products of 50 in single band mode, a raw data rate of 100~bit/s is simulated to achieve bit error rates below 0.001 for signal-to-noise ratios above -6~dB. In dual-band mode and a data rate of 200~bit/s, this bit error level was achieved for signal-to-noise ratios above 0~dB for time-bandwidth product of 25. The packet error rates follow this behavior with an offset of 1~dB.
Growth and Yield of Soybean as a Response of the Fertilization of NPK Compound Produced with Spent and Deoiled Bleaching Earth Filler
Authors: Sinaga Radinal Arief , Kurniasih Budiastuti , Putra Eka Tarwaca Susila
Published: March 2021

Spent Bleaching Earth (SBE) is a by-product of the refining of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) into cooking oil which is classified as hazardous and toxic materials waste. SBE has the potential to be used as a filler in the production of NPK fertilizer. This study aims to compare the effect of SBE and Deoiled Bleaching Earth (DBE) as the replacement of clay mineral, which is expected to have the same effect as the control treatment in terms of the leaf area, total dry weight, plant height and yield of plant. This experiment used a one-factor Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. The treatments of filler in NPK fertilizer were 10% clay minerals, NPK with 5% clay mineral + 5% SBE filler and NPK with 5% clay mineral + 5% DBE filler. Fertilizer was given twice, ie when the plant was 14 days after planting (DAP) as much as 2 g polybag-1 and age 35 DAP as much as 3 g polybag-1 at each treatment. The results showed that the application of NPK fertilization with 5% clay mineral + 5% SBE filler and NPK fertilization with 5% clay mineral + 5% DBE filler had the same effect as NPK fertilization with 10% clay mineral filler on leaf area, total dry weight, plant height and yield of plant. SBE and DBE can be used as substituties for clay mineral in NPK fertilizer production.
The Effect of Active Paper Packaging Enriched with Oleoresin from Solid Waste of Pressed Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. Placement Methods on Quality of Refrigerated Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa)
Authors: Utami Rohula , Kawiji Kawiji , Atmaka Windi , Nurmaya Lulus , Khasanah Lia Umi , Manuhara Godras Jati
Published: March 2021

Strawberry is a popular and nutritious fruit. However, its improper post-harvest handling leads to quality degradation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of active paper packaging placements methods on strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) quality during refrigerated storage. Strawberry quality was determined based on the physical (weight loss, hardness, color), chemical (pH, total titratable acid, total soluble solids and vitamin C content) and microbiological (total plate count) properties. The results of this study indicated that different placement methods of active paper packaging had no significant effect on the physical and chemical qualities; but it did affect the microbiological quality of the strawberries. At the end of the experiment (12 days), the microbial content of C (the bottom and walls), D (covering all surfaces) and E (cut into pieces) samples were significantly lower than the A (without active paper packaging) and B (the bottom) samples. The Total Plate Count (TPC) values of the control and B samples were higher than the maximum acceptable limit of 6 log10 colony-forming units (CFU) g-1, while the other samples remained below the limit. These results indicated that a larger surface area of active paper that had contact with the strawberries provided better protection against microbes. Due to their microbial properties, C, D and E treatments maintained the strawberry quality for up to 12 days, compared with 9 days for control and B treatments. Active paper packaging containing oleoresin from solid waste of pressed Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. can be applied to extend the shelf life of strawberries during refrigerated storage.
Evaluation of Farms’ Sustainability According to Land Tenure in Mornag, Tunisia
Authors: Gara Anissa , Aounallah Mohamed Karim , Ajabi Dorra
Published: March 2021

In Tunisia the main objective of sustainable agriculture is to improve agricultural systems by creating more wealth and meeting the needs of the population without compromising those of future generations. It turned out that confusion and lack of clarity of ownership status of agricultural land would lead to instability in agricultural sustainability by having a negative impact on social and economic prosperity and environment preservation. Within this environmental concern, the current research constitutes an assessment of the level of sustainability of different farms in Tunisia where problems of land ownership still exist. The current research is based on the Farm Sustainability Indicators method (standing for: ‘Indicateurs de durabilité des exploitations agricoles or IDEA). This case study employed IDEA method which provides operational content to compare the sustainability concept at the farm level, based on the factor of ‘land tenure status’. In Tunisia, the lack of clear land ownership affects the output of agriculture that is why it is valuable to assess the impact of land properties status on farms’ agricultural sustainability. Hence, we distinguished two groups of farms: Private Farms (PF) (inherited from father to son) and Farming Enhancement Corporation (FEC) (state’s lands leased by farmers for many years). The results showed that land tenure has impact on farms sustainability. PF are more sustainable on both agro-ecological scale (49.2) and socio-territorial scale (48); compared to FEC (agro-ecological: 44.5 and socio-territorial: 46). PF favor integrated systems and the production of field crops and fodder crops and they attach greater importance to their employees’ training.
PERHITUNGAN KAPASITAS DUKUNG FONDASI TIANG TUNGGAL MENGGUNAKAN CLUSTERING DATA STANDARD PENETRATION TEST (SPT)
Authors: Dananjaya Raden Harya , Djarwanti Noegroho , Rahma Hida Alifa
Published: March 2021

Penyelidikan tanah merupakan salah satu proses penting dalam perencanaan pembangunan. Penyelidikan tanah dibutuhkan untuk menentukan jenis fondasi yang akan digunakan. Salah satu penyelidikan tanah adalah uji  Standard Penetration Test (SPT). Penelitian ini akan memaparkan pengembangan metode perhitungan kapasitas daya dukung fondasi dengan mengoptimalkan penggunaan data sekunder, sehingga dapat memprediksi kapasitas daya dukung di titik lain yang tidak dilakukan pengujian tanah. Metode clustering mengelompokkan jenis tanah berdasarkan nilai Nrata-rata data SPT. Nilai Nrata-rata diplotkan kedalam QGIS untuk dilakukan clustering jenis tanah. Prediksi kapasitas dukung fondasi tiang tunggal (Qu) pada kedalaman tiang berdasarkan data SPT digunakan interval kepercayaan. Interval kepercayaan memprediksi nilai Qu dan kedalaman yang belum diketahui nilainya. Nilai Qu setiap kedalaman (z) yang dihitung dengan tingkat kepercayaan kemudian dihubungkan menggunakan grafik berdasarkan cluster. Hasil analisis QGIS memiliki dua cluster jenis tanah yaitu tanah lempung sangat kaku dan tanah lempung keras. Tingkat kepercayaan semakin besar menghasilkan kapasitas dukung fondasi tiang pancang tunggal (Qu) semakin kecil. Jika diambil diameter 30 cm kedalaman 8 meter cluster lempung keras, maka hasil pembacaan grafik menunjukkan nilai Qu  interval kepercayaan 60% = 961,42 kN, 80% = 858,60 kN, dan 95% = 719,19 kN. Lapisan tanah yang semakin keras diperlukan kapasitas dukung ultimit yang lebih besar. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh nilai  Qu cluster lempung sangat kaku lebih kecil daripada cluster lempung keras jika diambil diameter 50 cm dan kedalaman 10 m dengan interval kepercayaan 60% diperoleh nilai Qu sebesar 1663 kN pada cluster lempung sangat kaku dan nilai Qu sebesar 3716 kN pada cluster lempung keras
STUDI PERGESERAN WAKTU KEBERANGKATAN ARUS LALU LINTAS DAN ARUS JENUH DASAR PADA SIMPANG BERSINYAL UNTUK PENDEKAT SATU ARAH (STUDI KASUS : SIMPANG BERSINYAL DI RUAS JALAN BRIGJEN SLAMET RIYADI, SOLO)
Authors: Cholis Ganang Noor , Mahmudah Amirotul M.H. , Legowo Slamet Jauhari
Published: March 2021

Simpang jalan merupakan daerah dengan konflik kendaraan yang tinggi. Solusi untuk mengurangi konflik adalah dengan penambahan lampu lalu lintas. Pemasangan lampu lalu lintas dapat menambah tundaan,  waktu keberangkatan kendaraan lebih awal dan arus jenuh dasar per meter yang besar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis besaran arus jenuh dasar per meter yang nantinya dapat sebagai rujukan dalam perbaikan MKJI 1997 dan mengetahui variasi waktu keberangkatan kendaraan pada simpang dengan adanya lampu lalu lintas. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode time slice. Data primer mencakup data arus lalu lintas, data variasi waktu keberangkatan kendaraan, data geometrik simpang, data durasi lampu lalu lintas dan data fungsi lahan sekitar simpang yang diperoleh melalui survei langsung di lapangan dengan mengambil sampel di jalan Slamet Riyadi Surakarta. Survei dilakukan saat jam puncak dan jam tidak puncak. Data sekunder berupa data jumlah penduduk dan peta jaringan jalan diperoleh dari instansi terkait. Berdasarkan hasil analisis 8 dari 10 hasil rata-rata waktu keberangkatan kendaraan menunjukkan adanya tundaan keberangkatan kendaraan. Sementara hasil analisis perhitungan So/m didapatkan 7 dari 10 data menunjukkan hasil koefisien arus jenuh dasar permeter yang lebih besar dari 600 smp/jam/m (standar yang ditetapkan MKJI 1997) dengan range 636,7249 - 906,7352 smp/jam/m.

 
ANALISIS PEMODELAN TARIKAN PERGERAKAN DEPARTMENT STORE (STUDI KASUS DI WILAYAH SOLORAYA)
Authors: Syafi’i Syafi’i , Legowo Slamet Jauhari , Kholis Mahmud Nur
Published: March 2021

Transportasi merupakan kebutuhan dasar dari sebuah wilayah yang digunakan sebagai usaha untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan penduduknya. Perencanaan transportasi mutlak diperlukan untuk mencari solusi paling efisien dari adanya interaksi pergerakan. Pergerakan diawali dengan adanya bangkitan dan tarikan pergerakan (Trip Generation). Department Store adalah salah satu tata guna lahan yang membangkitkan pergerakan secara massal dan memiliki ukuran yang besar. Karena itu dilakukan studi mengenai tarikan pergerakan pada department store yang ada di Soloraya menggunakan analisis regresi linier. Dengan begitu dapat diketahui faktor apa yang mempengaruhi tarikan pergerakan kendaraan ke department store di Soloraya serta model terbaik yang dapat dibuat. Penelitian dilakukan pada hari Sabtu – Minggu, 27 – 28 April 2019 pada jam puncak mall dimana tiap mall jam puncaknya berbeda-beda. Data kendaraan yang terkumpul kemudian dikonversikan menjadi satuan mobil penumpang. Variabel yang digunakan adalah tarikan pergerakan kendaraan (Y), total luas lahan (X1), dan total luas bangunan (X2). Analisis menggunakan software SPSS dengan metode enter dan stepwise. Dilakukan berbagai uji data untuk mendapatkan hasil sesuai syarat BLUE (Best Linear Unbias Estimator). Hasil analisis dan uji yang telah dilakukan disimpulkan bahwa model regresi dari metode Stepwise adalah model terbaik, yaitu Y = 14.455 + 0.005 X2 dimana X2 adalah total luas bangunan. Sehingga disimpulkan bahwa pengaruh terbesar tarikan pergerakan kendaraan dipengaruhi oleh total luas bangunan.
KAJIAN MODULUS ELASTISITAS PADA BETON RINGAN MEMADAT MANDIRI MENGGUNAKAN AGREGAT KASAR PECAHAN GENTENG DENGAN VARIASI VISCOCRETE
Authors: ‘Aina Firda Zulfa , Mediyanto Antonius , Safitri Endah
Published: March 2021

Beton kini telah mengalami perkembangan pesat dikarenakan beton merupakan salah satu bahan dasar dalam konstruksi bangunan, terbukti dengan beberapa inovasi jenis beton yang ada di Indonesia salah satunya adalah beton ringan memadat mandiri. Beton ringan memadat mandiri (Lightweight Self Compacting Concrete) adalah beton yang mudah mengalir karena berat sendiri mengisi keseluruhan cetakan sehingga tidak diperlukan vibrator untuk pemadatan dan mempunyai berat jenis tidak lebih dari 2000 kg/m³, karena pada dasarnya beton ringan diperoleh dengan cara penambahan pori-pori ke dalam campuran beton. Pecahan genteng dapat digunakan sebagai agregat ringan karena genteng terbuat dari tanah liat yang dibakar.

Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah eksperimental dengan parameter yang dikaji adalah modulus elastisitas beton. Benda uji yang digunakan silinder dengan ukuran diameter 150 mm dan tinggi 300 mm berjumlah 12 dengan melakukan pembacaan dial gauge setiap diberikan beban 20kN. Pada penelitian ini Superplasticizer yang digunakan adalah Viscocrete 8050SG dengan kadar viscocrete 1,5% ; 1,75% ; 2% ; 2,25%.

Didapatkan hasil modulus elastisitas maksimum menurut ASTM C469 dan Eurocode 2-1992 pada prosentasi viscocrete 2,25% sebesar 17423,37 MPa dan 16425,41 MPa.
FUTSAL SHOOTING TRAINING MODEL FOR EXTRACURRICULAR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Indrawan Ader damar
Published: March 2021

Abstract The purpose of this study was to provide an overview of a variety of models of training in futsal shooting techniques that are effective for high school extracurricular students. To find out that the design product of a new training model or perfecting previous research is complete with product specifications as well as testing the effectiveness of the training model created, so that it can improve accuracy and quality and can be used as a guide for playing futsal games in the form of shooting. Based on the data obtained from the expert / expert test results and implementation to the futsal extracurricular trainer, it can be concluded that this training model is feasible to be applied in practicing futsal shooting skills. The subjects in this study were students who were members of the extracurricular activities at KORPRI higj school and Al-Muslim high school. The research method used is (Research and Development) from ADDIE which consists of 5 steps, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation. There are 23 models of futsal shooting practice.
The Achievement Gap between Schools and Relationship between Achievement and Socioeconomic Status in Turkey
Authors: SUNA Eren , ÖZER Mahmut
Published: March 2021

Nowadays, the performances of education systems are monitored through national and international large-scale studies. In these studies, besides the academic performance of the countries, their status regarding equality in education is also considered. In large-scale studies the relationship between the socioeconomic status and academic achievement and the achievement gap between schools are emphasized. The achievement gap between schools is considered a chronic problem of Turkey, and socioeconomic differences are also considered to be one of the elements of this problem. In this study, the achievement gap between schools and the relationship between socioeconomic status and academic achievement in Turkey were examined through data regarding the last three cycles of TIMSS. For this purpose, multilevel regression analysis was used. The findings showed that although the mean score of Turkey increased between the 2011 and 2019 cycles, the relationship between socioeconomic characteristics and achievement remained at a similar level, with a partial decrease in 2019. These results show that despite the significant increase in Turkey's TIMSS performance in the last cycles, the share of socioeconomic levels on this performance does not increase simultaneously. Another result showed that the achievement gap between schools increased in the last cycle at both grades. Although the relationship between socioeconomic status and achievement does not increase, the widening of the achievement gap between schools may indicate that within-school factors might have stronger relations with achievement. Results revealed that the performance of Turkey in TIMSS increased significantly at 8th grade, and the relationship between socioeconomic status and achievement decreased partially; however, the alleviation of the achievement gap between schools remained a development area for Turkey. Although the relationship between socioeconomic status and academic achievement decreased in the 2019 cycle, the current socioeconomic status role increased the importance of compensating students' socioeconomic disadvantages through educational support programs.
Development of a Multivariable Model Based on Individual Risk Factors for Recurrent Lateral Patellar Dislocation
Authors: Ling Daphne I. , Brady Jacqueline M. , Arendt Elizabeth , Tompkins Marc , Agel Julie , Askenberger Marie , Balcarek Peter , Parikh Shital , Shubin Stein Beth E.
Published: March 2021

Background:

Nonoperative treatment after first-time patellar dislocation is the standard of care. There is evidence that certain patients may be at high risk for recurrent instability. The aim of this study was to develop a multivariable model to guide management of patients based on their individual risk of recurrent dislocation.

Methods:

A multivariable model was developed using 291 patients from 4 institutions to identify which patients were at higher risk for recurrent patellar dislocation within 2 years. This model was informed by a univariable logistic regression model developed to test factors based on the patient’s history, physical examination, and imaging. The discriminatory ability of the model to classify who will or will not have a recurrent dislocation was measured using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).

Results:

Age, a history of a contralateral patellar dislocation, skeletal immaturity, lateral patellar tilt, tibial tubercle-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance, Insall-Salvati ratio, and trochlear dysplasia were the most important factors for recurrent patellar dislocation. Sex, mechanism of injury, Caton-Deschamps ratio, sulcus angle, inclination angle, and facet ratio were not factors for recurrent dislocation. The overall AUC for the multivariable model was 71% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 64.7% to 76.6%).

Conclusions:

Optimizing the management of lateral patellar dislocation will improve short-term disability from the dislocation and reduce the long-term risk of patellofemoral arthritis from repeated chondral injury. This multivariable model can identify patients who are at high risk for recurrent dislocation and would be good candidates for early operative treatment. Further validation of this model in a prospective cohort of patients will inform whether it can be used to determine the optimal treatment plan for patients presenting with an initial patellar dislocation. Until validation of the model is done with new patients, it should not be used in clinical practice.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Pediatric Orthopaedic Observerships in North America for International Surgeons
Authors: Carrillo Laura A. , Sabharwal Sanjeev
Published: March 2021

Background:

There is substantial disparity in access to surgical care worldwide that largely impacts children in resource-limited environments. Although it has been suggested that surgeons in high-income countries work alongside their overseas peers to bridge this gap, there is limited information regarding the impact of pediatric orthopaedic observerships that are available to international surgeons. This study aimed to assess the perceived impact of such visitations on overseas surgeons, including their professional development and clinical practice.

Methods:

A survey was distributed to overseas surgeons who participated in a pediatric orthopaedic observership in North America in the years 2009 to 2019. Details were collected regarding each respondent’s demographics and observership program, and the impact of this short-term clinical experience as perceived by the visiting surgeon.

Results:

Of the 181 international surgeons from 56 countries who participated in a pediatric orthopaedic observership, most were young male surgeons residing in a middle-income nation. The majority of surgeons observed in outpatient clinics (98%) and in the operating room (96%) and attended educational in-house conferences (92%). Most observers (75%) acknowledged gaining relevant orthopaedic knowledge and clinical skills that improved local patient care, and nearly all (99%) shared the newly acquired knowledge with their peers and trainees. Most (97%) were still living and working in the country that had been their residence at the time of their observership. No noteworthy trends were identified between the income classification of the surgeons’ country of residence and their ability to incorporate the acquired skills into their practice.

Conclusions:

Participating in a North American pediatric orthopaedic observership has a positive perceived impact on the majority of visiting surgeons, with potential gains in clinical skills and knowledge that likely benefit their patients, peers, and trainees. Such participation does not contribute to substantial brain drain and may assist with local capacity building. Identifying ways to increase access to such educational opportunities, particularly for surgeons from lower-income countries, should be explored further.
Conversations in Community Change: Voices from the Field
Authors: Grimes Cathy
Published: March 2021

The Virginia Tech Institute for Policy and Governance launched an experiment in 2011 called the Community Voices initiative. Community Voices was a student-led group devoted to bringing graduate students and faculty from diverse backgrounds into thoughtful dialogue with leaders who have devoted their professional lives to spurring or assisting with community change. This book is the product of those conversations. Conversations in Community Change features 12 interviews conducted by members of Community Voices, since renamed the Community Change Collaborative (CCC). The interviewees are leaders who have worked in many different contexts across the public, nonprofit, and for-profit sectors to instigate meaningful change (democratic social, political and economic) in their communities. The animating idea behind these interviews is that those in search of peaceful democratic social change, especially amidst ongoing economic and social dislocation, have much to learn from one another within the United States and internationally, and at all levels of governance. Among the topics and initiatives discussed in the book: - Efforts to secure civil and human rights for groups that have historically experienced discrimination, - How food system pioneers are seeking to make alternatives to the present corporate-dominated food production framework real for growers and consumers alike, - How the arts can open up new public and private spaces to permit reconsideration of otherwise dominant assumptions and thinking, - The social exigencies created by capitalism’s constant economic dislocation and roiling, Ultimately, readers will come away from the book with a fuller appreciation for the complexities of democratic change—and the need for modesty, patience, and perseverance among those who would seek to lead or encourage such efforts.
Ruedi Imbach, Minima mediaevalia. Saggi di filosofia medievale, Aracne, Canterano (RM) 2019 (Flumen Sapientiae. Studi sul pensiero medievale, 10), PP. 352, ISBN 9788825523386.
Authors: Calma Dragos
Published: March 2021

Review of:

Ruedi Imbach, Minima mediaevalia. Saggi di filosofia medievale, Aracne, Canterano (RM) 2019 (Flumen Sapientiae. Studi sul pensiero medievale, 10), PP. 352, ISBN 9788825523386.
Corpus dei papiri filosofici greci e latini (CPF). Testi e lessico nei papiri di cultura greca e latina, PT. II: Frammenti adespoti e sentenze, Vol. 1*: Frammenti adespoti, Leo S. Olschki, Firenze 2019, PP. XXX + 268, ISBN: 9788822266897
Authors: Ulacco Angela
Published: March 2021

Review of:

Corpus dei papiri filosofici greci e latini (CPF). Testi e lessico nei papiri di cultura greca e latina, PT. II: Frammenti adespoti e sentenze, Vol. 1*: Frammenti adespoti, Leo S. Olschki, Firenze 2019, PP. XXX + 268, ISBN: 9788822266897.
Risk-based prioritization of operational condition assessments : stakeholder analysis and literature review
Authors: Alt Jonathan , Brown Willie , Gallarno George , Richards John
Published: March 2021

The US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) operates, maintains, and manages more than $232 billion worth of the Nation’s water resource infrastructure. Using the Operational Condition Assessment (OCA) system, the USACE allocates limited resources to assess conditions and maintain assets in efforts to minimize risks associated with asset performance degradation. Currently, OCAs are conducted on each component within a facility every 5 years, regardless of the component’s risk contribution. The analysis of risks associated with Flood Risk Management (FRM) facilities, such as dams, includes considering how the facility contributes to its associated FRM watershed system, understanding the consequences of degradation in the facility’s performance, and calculating the likelihood that the facility will perform as expected given the current OCA condition ratings of critical components. This research will develop a scalable methodology to model the probability of failure of components and systems that contribute to the performance of facilities in their respective FRM systems combined with consequences derived from hydrological models of the watershed to develop facility risk scores. This interim report documents the results of the first phase of this effort, stakeholder analysis and literature review, to identify candidate approaches to determine the probability of failure of a facility.
Hybrid machine learning process improves operations in South Australian trial
Authors: Braun Kalan , Ireland James , Klaric Jonathan
Published: March 2021

TRILITY has developed a production cloud data management solution, KOIOS DatalytiX to provide hybrid machine learning applications and deterministic modelling tools to its operations, asset management, and engineering teams. Two optimiser applications for chemical coagulant prediction and filtration performance were deployed in the Riverland, South Australia at 10 conventional water treatment plants in 2018, to full production in 2019. One year later the impacts on the optimisation behaviour of operations teams, process performance and trihalomethane (THM) reduction outcomes are discussed.
Prediction of Wax Deposits for Crude Pipelines Using Time-Dependent Data Mining
Authors: Yao Bo , Chen Jiaqi , Li Chuanxian , Yang Fei , Sun Guangyu , Lu Yingda
Published: March 2021

Accurately predicting wax deposits in a crude pipeline through empirical formulas or numerical modeling is unreliable because of the incomplete mechanism and the time-dependent unsteady actual operating conditions. With the help of the data collected by the supervisory control and data acquisition system of pipelines, wax deposit prediction is made possible by developing the time-dependent data mining method. In this article, the data from a typical long-distance crude pipeline in China operating over a 4-year time period was investigated. The inlet temperature prediction was first conducted by developing the long short-term memory (LSTM)-recurrent neural networks (RNNs) model, during which the feature sequencing, overfitting problems, and optimal hyperparameters were fully considered. Because of the time sequence cell, the accuracy of the LSTM-RNN model, as well as the time consumption, is much better than the RNN model when dealing with a great deal of data over a long period of time. Taking the inlet temperature prediction results as input features, the prediction model of average wax deposit thickness was established based on the backpropagation (BP) neural network and optimized by the particle swarm optimization (PSO), chaos particle swarm optimization (CPSO), and adaptive chaos particle swarm optimization (ACPSO) algorithms. The conclusions and associated algorithm from this article help to determine the reasonable pigging circle of long-distance pipelines practically. It could also be applied to guide the wax deposit prediction in the wellbore or oil-gatheringpipes.
Preliminary Results of first Belgian Cohort of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Where Do we Stand in Terms of Quality of Care and Remission?
Authors: La Céline , Lê Phu Quoc , Ferster Alina , Goffin Laurence , Lauwerys Bernard , Durez Patrick , Boulanger Cécile , Maertelaer Viviane De , Sokolova Tatiana , Badot Valérie
Published: March 2021

IntroductionJuvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) represents a very heterogeneous disease. As such, it has been a challenge to describe the disease activity of JIA cohorts. Our objective was to describe the first Belgian cohort of children with JIA by assessing their disease characteristics, outcomes, and potential markers of prognosis.MethodsThe CAP48 cohort is a multicentric observational study of children with recent or well-established diagnosis of JIA (naïve or not to treatment at baseline), evaluated every 3 to 6 months during a follow-up of 10 years.ResultsThere were 125 children included, composing of 25 naïve and 100 established patients. Their median age at onset was 6.2 and 4.2 years in the naïve and established cohort respectively, with a predominance of female. All subtypes of JIA were represented in both cohorts. The mean DAS28-CRP and JADAS10-CRP at baseline in naïve patients was 2.52 and 6.0 respectively. Uveitis occurred in 19% of patients and was strongly associated with presence of antinuclear antibodies (odds ratio of 6). Among naïve patients, 55% were in remission at 12 months according to ACR criteria and JADAS10 scores, in contrast with 100% achieving DAS28 remission. ConclusionThis first cohort study in Belgium allowed to compare its data to other existing cohorts and to evaluate quality of care in Belgian French-speaking hospitals. Additionally, it highlighted a superiority of JADAS10 over DAS28 to monitor and evaluate remission in JIA. This study also underlined a need for more accurate markers of prognosis to improve treatment and long-term outcomes.
Developmental stability, canalization and phenotypic plasticity in annual herbaceous species under different biotic and abiotic conditions
Authors: Wang Shu , Zhou Dao-Wei
Published: March 2021

The relationships among developmental stability, canalization and phenotypic plasticity have not been well understood. Inconsistent conclusions from different studies suggested the complexity of their associations, probably depending on specific traits, environmental contexts and plant growth stages. To address this issue, we conducted three experiments (EXP I ~ III) with several annual herbaceous species, to investigate the relationships among leaf (or cotyledon) developmental stability, canalization and plasticity and their variations with different biotic and abiotic environmental conditions and plant growth stages, with comparisons among different species at their early growth stage. We analyzed variations in mean trait value, lamina fluctuating asymmetry (FA), coefficient of variation (CV) and plasticity (RDPIs) and their correlations for lamina size (LS) of individual plants, for LS, petiole length (PL) and petiole angle (PA) of different plant layers in Abutilon theophrasti at three densities in infertile and fertile (or only fertile) soil conditions at three (or two) stages, and for cotyledon size (CS) of five species in contrasting light conditions and seeding depths. High vs. low density decreased LS (with negative RDPIs), FA indexes and CVs, either for individual plants or different layers, especially in fertile soil. Shading was more likely to increase CS (except for A. therophrasti) and FA and decrease CV; deep seeding increased CS of some species in full light, but decreased CS and FA of other species in shading (except for A. therophrasti). FA indexes more likely had positive correlations with mean value, CV and RDPIs of traits; correlations between CV and RDPIs can be positive, negative or insignificant. Correlations among the three variables were more likely positive or insignificant for traits of LS, CS and PL, but more likely negative or insignificant for PA. High density and infertile soil may favor more positive over negative correlations among variables. Results suggested higher levels of lamina FA more likely indicate higher growth rates of plants or modules. Developmental stability was more likely to have positive correlations with canalization, and negative correlations with plasticity, indicating certain common mechanisms associated with them. Environmental stresses can lead to greater phenotypic variations at different levels, facilitating cooperation between the three processes in dealing with environmental challenges.
The Effect of Ferritin on Arteriovenous Fistula Survival in Hemodialysis Patients: Analyzing Using Data Mining Technique.
Authors: Majidi Azin , Ashrafi Arman , Rezapour Mohammad , zadeh Morteza Khavanin
Published: March 2021

Background: End stage renal disease (ESRD) need either kidney transplant or dialysis in order to stay alive. Hemodialysis (HD) requires vascular access (VA) for access to the bloodstream. Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the top choice amongst vascular access procedures based on reduced morbidity and mortality. Follow up of AVF is vital for detecting factors which contribute to failure or survival of Fistula. Methods: This study is aimed to investigate follow up of 113 HD patients who underwent AVF surgery from 2015 to 2018 at Hasheminejad kidney center of Tehran. Using a predictive approach the investigation was conducted to determine the relationship between biomarkers such as serum ferritin, SI / TIBC ratio, hemoglobin (HB) and fistula function. The decision tree method was used based on CHAID algorithm, which is one of the data mining approaches for data classification. Results: The decision tree for the measures taken indicated the ferritin and SI/TIBC class in which the fistula had a better survival rate. Prediction accuracy rate was within a range of 62.50%-66.07%. Conclusions: AVF survival rate in ESRD patients who had SI/TIBC<30% or a serum ferritin level of lower or equal to 200 ng/ml, specifically when their HB was greater than 8, were better.
The mechanism of grape seed oligomeric procyanidins in the treatment of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice
Authors: Xue Liyuan , Wang Qing , Ding Zhibin , Miao Qiang , Li Yanqing , Song Lijuan , Li Yanhua , Yu Jiezhong , Wang Yingli , Ma Cungen
Published: March 2021

Objective This study aims to investigate the mechanism of grape seed oligomeric procyanidins (GPC) in the treatment of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice, providing pharmacodynamic materials for drug development in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods The constituents which have nerve protective effect in GPC were collected through literature retrieval. We used PharmMapper and STITCH database to predict drug targets, GeneCards and OMIM database to predict MS-related genes. Targets of GPC treating MS were obtained from intersected targets between drug and disease. The GO functional enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed by DAVID database. EAE mouse model was used to study the therapeutic mechanism of GPC. Results Forty-two targets were discovered to be related to the process of GPC treating MS. KEGG enriched a total of 32 pathways. The pharmacological experiment showed that GPC improved the clinical symptoms of EAE mice, inhibited the expression of indicators of oxidative stress and inflammatory response in CNS, and decreased the expression of P-Akt, P-ERK, and P-JNK. Conclusion The therapeutic effect of GPC in EAE mice is associated with the suppression of MAPK and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways, providing a theoretical basis for the application of GPC inMS.
Medical decisions concerning the end of life for cancer patients in three Colombian hospitals – a survey study
Authors: de Vries Esther , Arenas Fabián Alexander Leal , Heide Agnes van der , Gempeler Fritz , Murillo Raul , Morales Olga , Diaz Eduardo , Rodríguez Nelcy , Gonzalez Beatriz Juliana , Delgado Danny Steven Castiblanco , Calvache José Andrés
Published: March 2021

Background: Cancer patients’ end-of-life care may involve complex decision-making processes. Colombia has regulations regarding palliative care and is the only Latin American country with legislation regarding euthanasia. We describe medical end-of-life decision-making practices among cancer patients in three Colombian hospitals.Methods: Attending physicians of 261 cancer patients in participating hospitals answered a questionnaire regarding end-of-life decisions: a.) decisions regarding the withdrawal or withholding of potentially life-prolonging medical treatments, b.) intensifying measures to alleviate pain or other symptoms with hastening of death as a potential side effect, and c.) the administration, supply or prescription of drugs with an explicit intention to hasten death. For each question addressing the first two decision types, we asked if the decision was (partially) made with the intention or consideration that it may hasten the patient’s death. Results: Decisions to withdraw potentially life-prolonging treatment were made for 112 (43%) patients, 16 of them (14%) with an intention to hasten death. For 198 patients (76%) there had been some decision to not initiate potentially life-prolonging treatment. Twenty-three percent of patients received palliative sedation, 97% of all patients received opioids. Six patients (2%) explicitly requested to actively hasten their death, for two of them their wish was fulfilled. In another six patients, medications were used with the explicit intention to hasten death without their explicit request. In 44% (n=114) of all cases, physicians did not know if their patient had any advance care directives, 26% (n=38) of physicians had spoken to the patient regarding the possibility of certain treatment decisions to hasten death where this applied. Conclusions: Decisions concerning the end of life were common for patients with cancer in three Colombian hospitals, including euthanasia and palliative sedation. Physicians and patients often fail to communicate about advance care directives and potentially life-shortening effects of treatment decisions. Specific end-of-life procedures, patients’ wishes and availability of palliative care should be further investigated.
Efficacy of eastern Australian rainforests and topography as fire refugia under anthropogenic climate change
Authors: Bennell Myles Jay , Stewart Philip Le C. , Moss Patrick T.
Published: March 2021

Background: The 2019-20 Australian bushfire season was the most environmentally detrimental bushfire season on record. The extreme heat and drought exposed normally fire-resistant communities to uncharacteristically dry fuel loads and abnormally high severity burning. In eastern Australia this included mesic rainforest environments (including the World Heritage listed Gondwana Rainforests of Australia), which are often highly sensitive to fire, contain high biodiversity values, are critical habitat for threatened species, embody distinct endemism, provide valuable ecosystem services and are critical for terrestrial carbon storage. East coast rainforests are also highly fragmented, with less than half of pre-European levels remaining. Increases in fire frequency and intensity associated with climate change may threaten these already fragmented rainforest environments. This study considers the efficacy of rainforest refugia under a heightened bushfire climate, via spatial analysis of burn extent, burn severity and topographic characteristics for rainforests during the 2019-20 bushfire season within the Eastern Australian Temperate and Subtropical Forests Conservation Management Zone.Results: Burn severity, vegetation and elevation datasets were merged and analysed across mid-eastern Australia. A significant portion of rainforest was fire affected across the study area (~17%), with ~5% burnt to a high or very high severity. Elevation, topographic position (i.e. valleys), slope and aspect all contributed to maintaining rainforest fire refugia. The study resulted in a mapping product that can be utilised by researchers and protected area managers to locate and assess burnt rainforest in mid-eastern Australia.Conclusions: This study enables the identification of rainforest fire refugia and threatened rainforest communities for future research and conservation efforts in eastern Australia. The results also demonstrate the potential of climate change to enact widespread rainforest declines, with potentially dire consequences for biodiversity and ecosystem services. This event and recurrent fire events may enact positive climate feedback systems by enabling pyrophytic vegetation expansion and converting rainforest carbon pools into a carbon source.
Condensates in RNA Repeat Sequences are Heterogeneously Organized and Exhibit Reptation-like Dynamics
Authors: Nguyen Hung , Hori Naoto , Thirumalai Dave
Published: March 2021

Although it is known that RNA undergoes liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS), the interplay between the molecular driving forces and the emergent features of the condensates, such as their morphologies and dynamical properties, is not well understood. We introduce a coarse-grained model to simulate phase separation of trinucleotide repeat RNAs, which are implicated in neurological disorders such as Huntington disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. After establishing that the simulations reproduce key experimental findings (length and concentration dependence of the phase transition in (CAG)n repeats), we show that once recruited inside the liquid droplets, the monomers transition from hairpin-like structures to extended states. Interactions between the monomers in the condensates result in the formation of an intricate and dense intermolecular network, which severely restrains the fluctuations and mobilities of the RNAs inside large droplets. In the largest densely packed high viscosity droplets, the mobility of RNA chains is best characterized by reptation, reminiscent of the dynamics in polymer melts.
Collision-induced amplitude dynamics of fast 2D solitons in the presence of the generic nonlinear loss
Authors: Huynh Toan , Quan Nguyen Minh
Published: March 2021

We study the amplitude dynamics of two-dimensional (2D) solitons in a fast collision described by the coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations with a saturable nonlinearity and weak nonlinear loss. We extend the perturbative technique for calculating the collision-induced dynamics of two one-dimensional (1D) solitons to derive the theoretical expression for the collision-induced amplitude dynamics in a fast collision of two 2D solitons. Our perturbative approach is based on two major steps. The ﬁrst step is the standard adiabatic perturbation for the calculations on the energy balance of perturbed solitons and the second step, which is the crucial one, is for the analysis of the collision-induced change in the envelope of the perturbed 2D soliton. Furthermore, we also present the dependence of the collision-induced amplitude shift on the angle of the two 2D colliding-solitons. In addition, we show that the current perturbative technique can be simply applied to study the collision-induced amplitude shift in a fast collision of two perturbed 1D solitons. Our analytic calculations are conﬁrmed by numerical simulations with the corresponding coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations in the presence of the cubic loss and in the presence of the quintic loss.