bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERBEDAAN KADAR TRIGLISERIDA ANTARA ANGGOTA SENAM BODY LANGUAGE DENGAN ANGGOTA SENAM HIGH IMPACT SETELAH PEMBERIAN ASUPAN MAKANAN YANG SEBELUMNYA MELAKUKAN SENAM BODY LANGUAGE DAN SENAM HIGH IMPACT
Authors: Kurniawati Dewi , Purba Ambrosius , Fatimah Nur Siti
Published: April 2021

The majority of studies have found that aerobic exercise can reduce the increment of triglyceride postprandial in plasma. Therefore, the author is doing this research to know the difference of triglyceride concentration in plasma between-group who joint high impact exercise and group who joint body language exercise after given the same amount and dietary composition which had done high impact and body language exercise before. Twenty men (19-39 years old) did high impact or body language exercises for 1 hour. Two hours later, they were given dietary composition with carbohydrates 60% and fat 25%. Then the triglyceride postprandial concentrations were measured 3, 5, and 6 hours after the given dietary food. The result showed that the triglyceride concentration of high impact group was higher than body language group 3 hours after given dietary food (122.167 ± 17.11627 vs 111.67± 7.86554 mg/dL) and there was no difference between the high impact and body language group 5 hours (96.167 ± 7.25029 vs 94.0 ± 16.66133mg/dL) and 6 hours after given dietary food (77.5 ± 8.8261 vs 78.167 ± 14.27469 mg/dL).In conclusion, the triglyceride concentration of the high impact group was higher than the body language group 3 hours after given the same amount and dietary composition. But, there was no difference between triglycerides concentration of body language group and high impact group 5 and 6 hours after given the same amount and dietary composition which had done high impact and body language exercise before.
CORRELATION BETWEEN DURATION SPENT IN FITNESS CENTER AND VO2 MAX LEVEL AMONG ADULTS
Authors: Sabiq Mohammad , Rahman Putri HA , Wahyudi Kurnia
Published: April 2021

VO2 max or oxygen consumption maximum value is a gold standard indicator towards cardiovascular and aerobic endurance because it refers to the maximum amount of oxygen used by an individual in one minute during maximum physical activity. The study's purpose was to see the correlation between duration spent in the fitness center and VO2 max value among adults. This study used the analytical study method, cross-sectional type. We chose the participant from members of Gold’s Gym fitness center at Cihampelas, aged 18-45 years old, with 3 months minimum of activity, and exercise frequency around three times per week. Theparticipants who had cardiovascular and pulmonary disease, serious physical injury, had already exercised during the time of observation, or professionally trained athletes were excluded. We used the Queen College step test for the instrument. There were 47 participants in this study. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was calculated to measure the correlation between duration spent and VO2 max, and the result was 0.77(95% CI 0.64; 0.85), p<0.001 which is categorized as a strong correlation. From this study, we found that with the increase of duration spent in the fitness center, the VO2 max level is also increasing, and vice versa. This result is supported by a study from the United States which finds a correlation between VO2max and performance times of recreational triathletes. In conclusion, there is a positive correlation between duration spent in the fitness center and VO2 max level among adults.
ROLE OF RESISTANCE EXERCISE IN CONTROLLING INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR 1 (IGF-1) AND IT’S ASSOCIATION WITH METABOLIC DISEASE PREVENTION
Authors: Fadhilah Fitri , Hassan Abdul Hadi , Goenawan Hanna , Herman Herry , Rosdianto Aziiz Mardanarian , Lesmana Ronny
Published: April 2021

Based on data Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) in 2007, the number of people who had no or low physical activity reached 48.2 %. This condition contributes to the increasing number of metabolic disease cases such as hypertension, heart disease, stroke, and diabetes mellitus. Optimizing training approaches especially the aerobic type helps to counter metabolic diseases. Unfortunately, the benefits of resistance training (RT) are less understood. RT improves muscle strength, induces muscle hypertrophy, improvement of local muscular performance, and also helps to strengthen body balance and coordination. There is an interplay between training and hormone in muscle adaptation during resistance training. The hormone plays an important role in the regeneration of muscle after resistance training. The changes in hormone level cause hypertrophy. Regeneration and muscle hypertrophy are mediated by activation, proliferation, and differentiation of satellite cells. It is regulated by mitotic and myogenic activity, namely insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), which serves as a paracrine or autocrine. A better understanding of homeostasis hormone during training in skeletal muscle and its ultimate purpose to counter metabolic disease will lead us to a better treatment approach for the patient.
PENGARUH LATIHAN FISIK AEROBIK DENGAN INTENSITAS SEDANG TERHADAP KONDISI MAKROSKOPIK DAN GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGI MIOKARD MENCIT BALB/C
Authors: Batubara Niswan Helja , Sylviana Nova , Agustina Hasrayati , Qolbi Hadaral Hudanul
Published: April 2021

Cardiovascular diseases is one of the non-communicable diseases that has been the leading cause of death compared to other causes. Actually, cardiovascular diseases can be prevented with avoiding the risk factors and lifestyle improvements such as doing physical exercise. Useful physical exercise according to according to The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) is a moderate intensity aerobic exercise conducted 30 minutes in time for 5 days a week. This research aims to study the effects of moderate intensity aerobic exercise on macroscopic conditions, histopathologic features of the myocardium of mice. This research using 35 male balb/c mice devided to 3 groups (control, physical activity, exercise). Variables in this research included duration of physical activity and exercise, macroscopic conditions, histopathologic features of the myocardium of balb/c mice. After 10 and 28 days of exposure, the heart were harvested. The macroscopic conditions, histopathologic features of the myocardium were examined. The weight of heart in physical activity group was greater than control group (p=0.009). Similarly, the weight of heart exercise group was also greater compared to control group (p=0.013). The histopathologic features in physical activity and physical exercise groups showed pathological features of myocardial infarction (p=0.242). While in the control group did not show pathological features. Aerobic physical activity moderate intensity increase the risk of pathological condition of heart in the form of myocardial infarct through the macroscopic conditions and histological features of myocardium. Meanwhile, exercise with moderate intensity affect the physiological hypertrophy of the myocardium.
PERBANDINGAN KADAR ENZIM KREATININ FOSFOKINASE DAN NYERI OTOT SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH LATIHAN BERENANG SELAMA EMPAT MINGGU PADA PERENANG UNIT KEGIATAN MAHASISWA KLUB RENANG
Authors: Akmal Nur , Farenia Reni , Prihatni Delita
Published: April 2021

A research has been done to compare the differences on the enzyme creatine phosphokinase (CPK) level and muscle soreness before and after 4-weeks swim practices on swimmers of College swimming club. Eighteen healthy male swimmers (mean ± SD; age: 19,94 ± 1,86 years; weight: 65,28 ± 6,14 kg; height: 1,72 ± 0,43 m) participated in this study. All subjects performed their 4-weeks swim practices which consist of 2x120 hours per week with 500 meters average daily swim distance and weight training. Blood was collected before and after the practices and CPK were analyzed. Questionnaires concerning muscle soreness were filled put before each blood draw. Results were analyzed using normality test and Wilcoxon signed rank test (p<0.05). There was significant increase in CPK level during 4-weeks swim practices by 59.41% (p=0.044). Whereas for muscle soreness (overall and specifically in arms and thighs), there was no significant differences between before and after the 4-weeks swim practices. As a conclusion, participation in 4-weeks swim practices resulted in significant serum CPK enzyme elevation, but there was lack of significance in muscle soreness differences on swimmers of College swimming club.
PENGARUH BENTONIT PER ORAL TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH TIKUS MODEL DIABETES MELITUS YANG DIINDUKSI ALOKSAN MONOHIDRAT
Authors: Alviana Galuh , Yuwono Hendro Sudjono , Sylviana Nova
Published: April 2021

In Indonesia, it is estimated that there would be increasing in number of diabetes mellitus patients become 12 million cases in 2030. The expensive cost of conventional medications motivates people to find alternative medication. Bentonite is a natural clay which is a good absorbent and frequently called as healing clay for its potency in body detoxification. This study is an experimental research to prove bentonite which is a good absorbent and adsorbent in decreasing blood glucose concentration in diabetes mellitus. Subject of this research is 20 female Wistar rats which weigh 150–250 g. These subjects were divided into two groups: control group and bentonite group. Diabetes is induced by alloxan monohydrate 150mg/kg intraperitoneally, causing β cell necrosis in pancreas. Result of independent t-test showed that bentonite could significantly lower blood glucose levels with average value of 131.30 mg/dL (p=0.010). This concludes that bentonite canreduce blood glucose level in diabetic-induced rats.
INSTRUMENTOS DE AVALIAÇÃO DE OBJETOS DE APRENDIZAGEM (OA) A PARTIR DA TEORIA DA CARGA COGNITIVA (TCC)
Authors: Cristina Lima Portela Tereza , Cézar Amorim de Oliveira Mário
Published: April 2021

O texto que apresentamos é um ensaio teórico proveniente da revisão bibliográfica e de parte dos resultados presentes na dissertação de mestrado da primeira autora, sob orientação do segundo autor, pelo PROFBIO-UECE. Com a consolidação do uso das TICs na educação e em virtude do crescimento da elaboração e uso de Objetos de Aprendizagem (OA) na educação científica, é pertinente se discutir a avaliação do potencial pedagógico desses recursos, possibilitando aos docentes uma seleção consciente do material a ser utilizado em sala de aula. Desse modo, o objetivo desse ensaio é apresentar os principais aspectos da Teoria da Carga Cognitiva (TCC) e propor um instrumento de avaliação de Objetos de Aprendizagem (OA) a partir de um conjunto selecionado de efeitos da TCC.
Estabilidad de los regímenes políticos e inversión extranjera directa, período 1969 al 2008
Authors: Naranjo Navas Andres
Published: April 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar los efectos que tiene la inversión extranjera directa (IED) en la estabilidad de los regímenes políticos democráticos y autoritarios. La inversión extranjera directa ha sido estudiada desde varios ángulos, desde la economía y otras pocas desde la ciencia política. Este ensayo es desde la ciencia política, por ello, se trata de llenar ciertos vacíos en la literatura, partiendo con una idea a priori: la tendencia ascendente de la IED conlleva a una mayor estabilidad de los regímenes políticos. Esta investigación establece la estabilidad de los regímenes políticos como variable dependiente, mientras que la inversión extranjera directa se establece como la variable independiente preponderante. Esta investigación se la realizó en 192 países mediante el uso de la metodología análisis de supervivencia (survival analysis). Según los resultados obtenidos, por un lado, el aumento de la IED tiene un efecto positivo en la estabilidad de los regímenes políticos. Por otro lado, las democracias fuertes son las más importantes para atraer la IED, en la que el régimen político de mayor importancia son las democracias parlamentarias.
Phytochemical contents of a local food plant Saekan (Mollugo oppositofolia Linn.) in Pandi, Bulacan
Authors: Tingson Mark Anthony , Politano Alma
Published: April 2021

The present study was undertaken to confirm the phytochemical contents of Saekan (Mollugo oppositofolia Linn.) The plant sample was first confirmed by the Bureau of Plant Industry with a scientific name Mollugo oppositofolia Linn. and a common name Saekan/Papait/Salsalida plant under the family Aizoaceae. The results from a phytochemical analysis of about 500 grams of dried whole plant sample in the Chemistry Laboratory of the Department of Science and Technology Region III (DOST III) Office confirmed that alkaloidal compounds, a phytochemical with antimicrobial, anthelminthic, and antidiarrheal properties were present due to the formation of turbidity or white precipitate using Meyer Test; a reddish-brown layer that turned to blue/purple showed in the Keller-Killiani Test proved the presence of glycosides which has anti-diarrheal properties; and Saponins were found to be in the plant using Froth Test due to a formation of froth which has anthelmintic, antidiarrheal, and anticancer properties.
Gestión de recursos hídricos: una revisión internacional de literatura
Authors: Gárate Ríos Jhonny , Palomino Alvarado Gabriela del Pilar , Pereyra Gonzales Tony Venancio , Torres Delgado Froy
Published: April 2021

La investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar y examinar sistemáticamente la evidencia científica disponible sobre la gestión de los recursos hídricos en las cuencas de nuestro planeta, disponible en la base de datos EBSCO, Scopus, Science Direct, SciELO, ProQuest y Redalyc en inglés, portugués y español de los últimos 5 años. Método: Se ingresó a las bases de datos, realizándose la búsqueda del término “gestión de recursos hídricos”, descartándose artículos que no sean arbitradas y académicas y hayan sido publicados antes del año 2016. Como resultado de ello, se evidenció que existe la urgente necesidad de nuevos paradigmas para mejorar la gestión de recursos hídricos y para ello se debe consolidar una autoridad descentralizada sobre el agua. La investigación concluye que, los tres pilares; económico, social y ambiental, deben estar articulados para lograr la consolidación de la Gestión de los Recursos Hídricos, además; se puede afirmar que existen distintos sectores que supervisan la gestión de los recursos hídricos con regulaciones compartidas y responsabilidades superpuestas, incluso en conflicto; lo cual consolida la burocracia hídrica del estado. A esto se suma el crecimiento demográfico que genera un fuerte impacto sobre el cambio climático y acrecienta la escasez del agua.
PENYELENGGARAAN PEMBANGUNAN DESA DI DESA BIKA NAZARET
Authors: Atong Petrus
Published: April 2021

Pelaksanaan dan penyelengaraan pembangunan di desa, antara lain menjadi salah satu fungsidan tanggung jawab kepala desa. Peranan penting pelaksanaan pembangunan di desa adalah Kepala Desaharus mampu meningkatkan kegiatan koordinasi dan partisipasi masyarakat dan badan perwakilan desauntuk bersatu padu melaksanakan pembangunan di desa. Pelaksanaan pembangunan desa yang telahdilakukan berupa peningkatan koordinasi, sosialisasi pemeliharaan hasil pembangunan serta peningkatanpartisipasi dalam perencanaan, pelaksanaan pemanfaatan dan pemeliharaan hasil pembangunan desa.Aspek penting seperti keikutsertaan dalam perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pemeliharaan dan pemanfaatanhasil pembangunan.
MANAJEMEN PELAYANAN RUANG INSTALASI GIZI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH
Authors: - Yustina , - KAJA
Published: April 2021

Manajemen pelayanan di ruang Instalasi gizi dilaksanakan sesuai standar yang telah ditentukandan merujuk pada SOP Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Ade Muhammad Djoen Sintang, pelayanan khususnyamenu makanan dilakukan perencanaan dengan pola sistem pengorganisasian, pengarahan (pelaksanaan)sampai pada pengawasan distribusi makanan maupun bahan makanan pasien yang dapat meningkatkangizi pasien, pengolahan makanan, proses penyajian makanan pada pasien dilakukan oleh ahli gizi, tujuannyauntuk memastikan itu sehat sehingga layak di berikan pada pasien. Namun demikian letak dapur tempatpengelolaan makanan pasien belum layak karena berdekatan dengan ruang isolasi kamar jenazah dan ipal(mesin pengolah limbah). Selain itu, tenaga gizi juga masih kurang sehingga dapat mengalami keterlambatandalam pelayanan pendistribusian makanan.
IMPLEMENTASI STANDAR PELAYANAN MINIMAL MASYARAKAT DESA UJUNG KEMPAS KECAMATAN KETUNGAU HULU
Authors: Syamsudin Martinus
Published: April 2021

Masyarakat berhak menerima pelayanan publik, Negara Republik Indonesia secara khusus halini sudah diatur dalam undang-undang dan peraturan. Maka dari itu, pemerintah sebagai wakil dan pelaksanakebijakan negara haruslah mampu mewujudkan masyarakat yang berkeadilan. Fungsi Pemerintah sebagaipenyelenggara pemerintahan, pembangunan, dan kemasyarakatan, memiliki peran penting dalam mengelola,pelayanan masyarakat, mengingat yang menjadi kewenangan daerah, dalam hal ini kemampuan PemerintahDaerah untuk melaksanakan berbagai kewenangan yang selama ini dilaksanakan oleh Pemerintah Pusat,untuk itu, Pemerintah Daerah harus mampu memberikan pelayanan yang lebih berkualitas, efeisien, efektif,dan bertanggung jawab. Sehubungan dengan itu, aparatur pemerintah sebagai pelaksana suatu modelkebijakan pelayanan publik, di harapkan mampu memberikan suatu bentuk peningkatan pelayanan,khususnya pelayanan kepeda masyarakat desa.
PELAYANAN ADMINISTRASI TERPADU TAHUN 2017 DI KECAMATAN KELAM PERMAI KABUPATEN SINTANG
Authors: Mochsin Syekh
Published: April 2021

Permasalahan yang di kemukakan dalam Penelitian ini adalah Pelayanan Administrasi TerpaduTahun 2017 di Kecamatan Kelam Permai Kabupaten Sintang”. Pedoman Pelayanan Administrasi TerpaduKecamatan Kelam Permai Kabupaten Sintang, di ketahui bahwa dengan keluarnya Peraturan Mentridalam Negeri Nomor 4 Tahun 2010 tentang Pelayanan Administrasi Terpadu Kecamatan dan KeputusanCamat Kelam Permai Nomor 100/01/KEP-PELUM/2016.tentang Paten maka Kecamatan Kelam Permaibisa melaksanakan Pelayanan Administrasi Terpadu. Standar Pelayanan didasarkan pada KeputusanBupati Sintang Nomor 67 tahun 2014, tentang Standar Oprasional Prosedur Pelayanan Perizinan dan NonPerizinan pada Kantor Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu Kabupaten Sintang dan di teruskan dengan keluarnyaKeputusan Camat Kelam Permai Nomor 100/01/KEP-PELUM/2016, tentang Paten. Kesimpulan dalampenelitian ini adalah Pelayanan Administrasi Terpadu Tahun 2017 di Kecamatan Kelam Permai KabupatenSintang”, telah di laksanakan sesuai dengan SOP yang di keluarkan oleh Bupati Sintang, Saran yang harusdi lakukan adalah Pemerintah Kecamatan agar meningkatkan Sumber Daya Manusia dan Sarana Prasaranapenunjang lainnya.
Upaya Meningkatkan Minat Nasabah Produk BNI Griya Pada Bank Negara Indonesia (BNI) Cabang Sintang
Authors: - Paulus
Published: April 2021

BNI Griya merupakan salah satu produk BNI Cabang Sintang yang merupakan produkkredit. Produk BNI Griya disiapkan bagi nasabah yang memiliki keinginan untuk mendapatkan fasilitaspinjaman yang bertujuan untuk membeli rumah tempat tinggal, renovasi, dan pembangunan rumah baru.Selain itu produk BNI Griya juga dapat dipergunakan untuk keperluan kredit multi guna bagi nasabahyang memerlukan kredit untuk berbagai keperluan.Produk BNI Griya khusus untuk nasabah yang berprofesisebagai pegawai baik pegawai Negeri Sipil maupun pegawai swasta. Upaya untuk menarik minat paranasabah maka manajemen BNI melakukan promosi, yaitu dengan cara mendatangi instansi-istansipemerintah maupun swasta yang dilakukan oleh staf marketing (pemasaran). Promosi dilakukan denganbantuan media promosi berupa brosur yang berisikan informasi mengenai manfaat dan keunggulan produkBNI Griya.Suku bunga produk BNI Griya bervariasi sesuai dengan sistem yang diterapkan.Suku bungadengan menggunakan sistemflat rate (sistem bunga tetap) danfloating rate (sistem bunga mengambang).Sistem flat rate tingkat suku bunganya dibawah 12 % pertahun atau dibawah 1 % perbulan.
PARTISIPASI POLITIK MASYARAKAT DALAM PEMUNGUTAN SUARA PEMILIHAN BUPATI DAN WAKIL BUPATI SINTANG TAHUN 2020 DALAM KONDISI BENCANA NON ALAM CARONA VIRUS DISEASE 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors: YADISAR A.M.
Published: April 2021

Di Indonesia perjalanan demokrasi sudah banyak mengalami kemajuan dan kepercayaanrakyat pada elit politik menjadikan proses rekrutmen mengarah pada demokrasi langsung, termasukpemilihan kepala daerah. Pemilihan Bupati dan Wakil Bupati secara langsung merupakan fenomenakenegaraan baru di Indonesia dengan sistem pelaksanaan Pemilihan Bupati dan Wakil Bupati Serentaksehingga segala hal yang melandasinya perlu dibahas dengan seksama. Dalam hal ini kita perlumemperhatikan hubungan negara dan rakyat dalam bingkai demokrasi lokal, asas desentralisasi danpartisipasi politik masyarakat. Kabupaten Sintang merupakan salah satu kabupaten yang ikut dalampelaksanaan pesta demokrasi pada tahun 2020. Pelaksanaan pemilihan Bupati dan Wakil Bupati Sintangsudah berjalan sesuai dengan yang direncanakan mulai dari tahap persiapan sampai pada tahappenyelenggaraan mengacu kepada PKPU Nomor 6 Tahun 2020, dirubah dengan PKPU Nomor 10 Tahun2020 dan Perubahan Kedua PKPU Nomor 13 Tahun 2020 tentang Pelaksanaan Pemilihan Gubernur danWakil Gubernur, Bupati dan Wakil Bupati, dan/atau Wali Kota dan Wakil Wali Kota Serentak Lanjutandalam Kondisi Bencana Alam Covid-19. Pelaksanaan pemungutan suara dilaksanakan pada tanggal 9Desember 2020 secara serentak di seluruh Kecamatan di Kabupaten Sintang, Partisipasi politik masyarakatdalam pemilihan Bupati dan Wakil Bupati Sintang sebesar 82,75% dari jumlah pemilih. Faktor-Faktoryang mempengaruhi partisipasi politik masyarakat adalah perangsang politik, karakteristik pribadi,karekteristik sosial dan keadaan politik.
التوجيه القرآني لضبط إرادة الوالدين في الرضاعة عند الافتراق
Authors:   جامعة الأنبار ـ كلية العلوم الإسلامية ـ قسم التفسير وعلوم القرآن., العاني محمود عقيل معروف
Published: April 2021

إنَّ حقيقة الصلة التي يفرضها الإسلام للروابط الإنسانية كما أفصح عنه النص القرآني الكريم لا يكمن اكتفاؤها بالإشعاعات الروحية فحسب، بل يتبعها نظام قانوني محتم، وضمانات تشريعية ملزمة. وقد نالت الأسرة العناية القصوى من مجرى القدر الإلهي بإقامة الحياة البشرية، لتكون أول خلية في الوجود البشري ليتكاثر الناس بعد ذلك من هذه الخلية الأولى. وكان مما تناولنه البحث واجب الوالدين تجاه الأسرة بعد افتراق أحدهما عن الآخر، ويمكن تلخيص أهم ما جاء فيه على ما يأتي: 1. الحرص على إقامة نظام بيت على أساس قوامة أحد الشريكين وهو الأقدر على القوامة، منعاً للفوضى والاضطراب والنزاع. 2. بيان الراجح من الأقوال في المقصود من الآيتين في السورتين المختلفتين، وإن كان بعضهما مكملاً للآخر، فالتي في سورة البقرة قصدت البائنة المبتوتة، وفي سورة الطلاق قصدت البائنة والرجعية مع الحوامل، وقد أعمل كل منهما في محله من دون تضاد. 3. ثبت أن عناية الأم بطفلها في أثناء إرضاعه ورعايته تؤدى إلى تحسن أحواله وهو مقتضى الفطرة، لا ما نراه اليوم في كثير من الأحيان تهاونهنّ في رضاعة الأولاد وسائر الشؤون. 4. التحذير من مضارة بعضهم للآخر بما ينعكس سلباً على المولود، فالجملة الكريمة تغرس معاني الإخاء والتراحم والتكافل بين أبناء الأسرة الواحدة في الإنفاق، وهكذا لا يضيع الطفل إن مات والده، فحقه مكفول وحق أمه في جميع الحالات. 5. قوامة الأسرة ليست بالظواهر المادية فحسب إنما بتقوى الله، فإذا صلحت القلوب استقامت العلاقة بين الرجل وأهله وأولاده، وإن حل العكس فسيكون الظلم مهما تكن الأحكام، ومهما يكن القضاء. 6. الأم المطلقة طلاقاً بائناً، إذا أرادت أن ترضع ولدها بأجر المثل، فليس لأحد أن يمنعها من ذلك، لأنها أحق به من غيرها، لشدة شفقتها عليه، وليس للأب أن يسترضع غيرها حينئذ. والجميل من الأم المطلقة إرضاع الولد من غير أجرة. والجميل من الأب توفير الأجرة للأم للإرضاع. 7. الدنيا لا تدوم على حال، والأرزاق تتحول من عسر إلى يسر والعكس بالعكس، فعلينا الجد بالسعي مع الرضا والقناعة، لنهنأ بعيش كله أمان واطمئنان.
إيضاح مفردات النص القرآني {رَيْبَ} أنموذجاً
Authors:   جامعة ميسان /كلية التربية الأساسية, طاهر زين العابدين عبد علي
Published: April 2021

القرآن الكريم الذي أنزله الله على نبيه المصطفى أنزله بلسان عربي مبين فصيحاً ليكون بياناً واضحاً ظاهراً وقاطعا ً للعذر، مقيماً للحجة دليلاً على المحجة، قال تعالى: {بِلِسَانٍ عَرَبِيٍّ مُبِينٍ } الشعراء/195، وقال تعالى :{ إِنَّا جَعَلْنَاهُ قُرْآَنًا عَرَبِيًّا لَعَلَّكُمْ تَعْقِلُونَ} الزخرف/3. فالقرآن عربي في ألفاظه ودلالاته وتراكيبه ومعانيه ودقة ألفاظه في وضعها في المكان المناسب، ولذا دأب العلماء على دراسة دلالة الألفاظ لبيان أثرها في استعمال المفردة القرآنية الواردة في سياق النص القرآني لعظمة معانية وسعته. الكلمات المفتاحية إيضاح/ مفردات/ النص/ القرآني/ {رَيْبَ}/ التأصيل اللغوي/ التفسيرية/ معنى/ مقترنة القرآن الكريم الذي أنزله الله على نبيه المصطفى أنزله بلسان عربي مبين فصيحاً ليكون بياناً واضحاً ظاهراً وقاطعا ً للعذر، مقيماً للحجة دليلاً على المحجة، قال تعالى: {بِلِسَانٍ عَرَبِيٍّ مُبِينٍ } الشعراء/195، وقال تعالى :{ إِنَّا جَعَلْنَاهُ قُرْآَنًا عَرَبِيًّا لَعَلَّكُمْ تَعْقِلُونَ} الزخرف/3. فالقرآن عربي في ألفاظه ودلالاته وتراكيبه ومعانيه ودقة ألفاظه في وضعها في المكان المناسب، ولذا دأب العلماء على دراسة دلالة الألفاظ لبيان أثرها في استعمال المفردة القرآنية الواردة في سياق النص القرآني لعظمة معانية وسعته. الكلمات المفتاحية إيضاح/ مفردات/ النص/ القرآني/ {رَيْبَ}/ التأصيل اللغوي/ التفسيرية/ معنى/ مقترنة القرآن الكريم الذي أنزله الله على نبيه المصطفى أنزله بلسان عربي مبين فصيحاً ليكون بياناً واضحاً ظاهراً وقاطعا ً للعذر، مقيماً للحجة دليلاً على المحجة، قال تعالى: {بِلِسَانٍ عَرَبِيٍّ مُبِينٍ } الشعراء/195، وقال تعالى :{ إِنَّا جَعَلْنَاهُ قُرْآَنًا عَرَبِيًّا لَعَلَّكُمْ تَعْقِلُونَ} الزخرف/3. فالقرآن عربي في ألفاظه ودلالاته وتراكيبه ومعانيه ودقة ألفاظه في وضعها في المكان المناسب، ولذا دأب العلماء على دراسة دلالة الألفاظ لبيان أثرها في استعمال المفردة القرآنية الواردة في سياق النص القرآني لعظمة معانية وسعته. الكلمات المفتاحية إيضاح/ مفردات/ النص/ القرآني/ {رَيْبَ}/ التأصيل اللغوي/ التفسيرية/ معنى/ مقترنة القرآن الكريم الذي أنزله الله على نبيه المصطفى أنزله بلسان عربي مبين فصيحاً ليكون بياناً واضحاً ظاهراً وقاطعا ً للعذر، مقيماً للحجة دليلاً على المحجة، قال تعالى: {بِلِسَانٍ عَرَبِيٍّ مُبِينٍ } الشعراء/195، وقال تعالى :{ إِنَّا جَعَلْنَاهُ قُرْآَنًا عَرَبِيًّا لَعَلَّكُمْ تَعْقِلُونَ} الزخرف/3. فالقرآن عربي في ألفاظه ودلالاته وتراكيبه ومعانيه ودقة ألفاظه في وضعها في المكان المناسب، ولذا دأب العلماء على دراسة دلالة الألفاظ لبيان أثرها في استعمال المفردة القرآنية الواردة في سياق النص القرآني لعظمة معانية وسعته. الكلمات المفتاحية إيضاح/ مفردات/ النص/ القرآني/ {رَيْبَ}/ التأصيل اللغوي/ التفسيرية/ معنى/ مقترنة
جمع الزكاة والصدقات في المسجد وصرفها لصالحه -دراسة فقهية في مسائل معاصرة-
Authors:   كلية القرآن والدراسات الإسلامية جامعة القدس القدس / فلسطين, صبري عروة عكرمة
Published: April 2021

يلقي هذا البحث الضوء على عدد من المسائل المعاصرة المتعلقة بجمع الزكاة والصدقات في المسجد وصرفها لصالحه ، حيث تم بحث مسألة بيع المزاد في المسجد لبعض الهبات العينية ورصد ريعها لصالح المسجد ،ومسألة جمع الصدقات أثناء خطبة الجمعة ، ومسألة إعطاء المسجد لنسبة من الصدقات التي تجمع فيه ، ومسألة بناء المسجد خارج ديار الإسلام من أموال الزكاة . وقد توصل الباحث لعدد من النتائج منها أنه لا مانع شرعاً من بيع بعض الهبات العينية في المسجد بيع مزايدة وتخصيص الريع لصالح المسجد. كما لا يجوز جمع الصدقات والتبرعات أثناء خطبة الجمعة وفي الجلسة بين الخطبتين، أما بعد صعود الإمام على المنبر وقبل الشروع في الخطبة أو بعد الانتهاء من الخطبة وقبل الشروع في الصلاة، فإن جمع التبرعات فيهما خلاف الأولى. ويجوز لإدارة المسجد أخذ نسبة من التبرعات التي تجمع فيه، إذا لم يكن التبرع معيناً لجهة ما، أما لو قامت إدارة المسجد بالجمع فيمكن لها أخذ أجرة المثل فقط. ويجوز صرف الزكاة في بناء المساجد خارج ديار الإسلام كما يجوز الإنفاق عليها وعلى أنشطتها الدعوية .
كوكب الاشراق فيما يجب للواحد الخلاق محمد بن عبد الرحيم بن محمد السلموني المالكي المتوفى بعد : (1173هـ).
Authors:   المديرية العامة لتربية الأنبار, عبد الحمزة وليد طوينة
Published: April 2021

الحمد لله رب العالمين والصلاة والسلام على سيدنا محمد وعلى آله وصحبه وسلم. أما بعد: فهذا مخطوط منعوت بـ(كوكب الاشراق فيما يجب للواحد الخلاق). لمحمد بن عبد الرحيم بن محمد السلموني المالكي : (1173هـ). وأصل المخطوط نسختان، وقد نسخت بخط واضح وعبارات دقيقة، وكان المحور الذي يدور عليه المخطوط هو مسألة التوحيد، وبيان ما يتعلق بالله عز وجل وما يجب و يجوز ويستحيل في حقه تعالى، وتفصيل مسألة الصفات، وما يجوز ويستحيل في حق الأنبياء والرسل(عليهم الصلاة السلام) وقد بذلت ما في وسعي لإخراج المخطوط بأفضل صورة، وصلى الله على سيدنا محمد وعلى آله وصحبه وسلم.
سلطة النص القديم في شعر بشار بن برد/ دراسة تحليلية
Authors:   الجامعة المستنصرية / كلية الآداب قسم اللغة العربية, عبدالله محمود سهيل
Published: April 2021

يمثل التراث المركز الذي يدور حوله الشعراء وينهلون من معينه الذي لا ينضب، وما يحمله هذا الموروث من دلالات وقيم وأفكار مختلفة, والشاعر بشار بن برد من الشعراء البارزين الذين استلهموا من ذلك التراث ومن ثقافة العصر العباسي الأوّل ومن ذا وغيرها كان يستحق الدراسة والتتبع لإمكاناته وقدراته الإبداعية على استلهام موروث أسلافه، وتطوير هذا الموروث والتجديد فيه واقتضت منهجية البحث تقسيمه إلى مبحثين، المبحث الأوّل، وصف جمال المرأة، وصف الخمرة، أمَّا المبحث الثاني فيكون وصف الحقد والأنانية، وصف الليل، وصف الحرب والسلاح ، وخاتمة تضمنت أبرز نتائج البحث التي جاء بها البحث.
Indicators of Antarctic ozone depletion: 1979 to 2019
Authors: Bodeker Greg E. , Kremser Stefanie
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research/Bodeker Scientific (NIWA–BS) total column ozone (TCO) database and the associated BS-filled TCO database have been updated to cover the period 1979 to 2019, bringing both to version 3.5.1 (V3.5.1). The BS-filled database builds on the NIWA–BS database by using a machine-learning algorithm to fill spatial and temporal data gaps to provide gap-free TCO fields over Antarctica. These filled TCO fields then provide a more complete picture of wintertime changes in the ozone layer over Antarctica. The BS-filled database has been used to calculate continuous, homogeneous time series of indicators of Antarctic ozone depletion from 1979 to 2019, including (i) daily values of the ozone mass deficit based on TCO below a 220 DU threshold; (ii) daily measures of the area over Antarctica where TCO levels are below 150 DU, below 220 DU, more than 30 % below 1979 to 1981 climatological means, and more than 50 % below 1979 to 1981 climatological means; (iii) the date of disappearance of 150 DU TCO values, 220 DU TCO values, values 30 % or more below 1979 to 1981 climatological means, and values 50 % or more below 1979 to 1981 climatological means, for each year; and (iv) daily minimum TCO values over the range 75 to 90∘ S equivalent latitude. Since both the NIWA–BS and BS-filled databases provide uncertainties on every TCO value, the Antarctic ozone depletion metrics are provided, for the first time, with fully traceable uncertainties. To gain insight into how the vertical distribution of ozone over Antarctica has changed over the past 36 years, ozone concentrations, combined and homogenized from several satellite-based ozone monitoring instruments as well as the global ozonesonde network, were also analysed. A robust attribution to changes in the drivers of long-term secular variability in these metrics has not been performed in this analysis. As a result, statements about the recovery of Antarctic TCO from the effects of ozone-depleting substances cannot be made. That said, there are clear indications of a change in trend in many of the metrics reported on here around the turn of the century, close to when Antarctic stratospheric concentrations of chlorine and bromine peaked.
Towards a model for structured mass movements: the OpenLISEM hazard model 2.0a
Authors: van den Bout Bastian , van Asch Theo , Hu Wei , Tang Chenxiao X. , Mavrouli Olga , Jetten Victor G. , van Westen Cees J.
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Mass movements such as debris flows and landslides differ in behaviour due to
their material properties and internal forces. Models employ generalized
multi-phase flow equations to adaptively describe these complex flow types.
Such models commonly assume unstructured and fragmented flow, where internal
cohesive strength is insignificant. In this work, existing work on two-phase
mass movement equations are extended to include a full stress–strain
relationship that allows for runout of (semi-)structured fluid–solid
masses. The work provides both the three-dimensional equations and
depth-averaged simplifications. The equations are implemented in a hybrid
material point method (MPM), which allows for efficient simulation of
stress–strain relationships on discrete smooth particles. Using this
framework, the developed model is compared to several flume experiments of
clay blocks impacting fixed obstacles. Here, both final deposit patterns and
fractures compare well to simulations. Additionally, numerical tests are
performed to showcase the range of dynamical behaviour produced by the model.
Important processes such as fracturing, fragmentation and fluid release are
captured by the model. While this provides an important step towards
complete mass movement models, several new opportunities arise, such as
application to fragmenting mass movements and block slides.
Global scenarios of irrigation water abstractions for bioenergy production: a systematic review
Authors: Stenzel Fabian , Gerten Dieter , Hanasaki Naota
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Many scenarios of future climate evolution and its anthropogenic drivers include considerable amounts of bioenergy as a fuel source, as a negative emission technology, and for providing electricity. The associated freshwater abstractions for irrigation of dedicated biomass plantations might be substantial and therefore potentially increase water limitation and stress in affected regions; however, assumptions and quantities of water use provided in the literature vary strongly. This paper reviews existing global assessments of freshwater abstractions for bioenergy production and puts these estimates into the context of scenarios of other water-use sectors. We scanned the available literature and (out of 430 initial hits) found 16 publications (some of which include several bioenergy-water-use scenarios) with reported values on global irrigation water abstractions for biomass plantations, suggesting water withdrawals in the range of 128.4 to 9000 km3 yr−1, which would come on top of (or compete with) agricultural, industrial, and domestic water withdrawals.
To provide an understanding of the origins of this large range, we present the diverse underlying assumptions, discuss major study differences, and calculate an inverse water-use efficiency (iwue), which facilitates comparison of the required freshwater amounts per produced biomass harvest.
We conclude that due to the potentially high water demands and the tradeoffs that might go along with them, bioenergy should be an integral part of global assessments of freshwater demand and use.
For interpreting and comparing reported estimates of possible future bioenergy water abstractions, full disclosure of parameters and assumptions is crucial.
A minimum set should include the complete water balances of bioenergy production systems (including partitioning of blue and green water), bioenergy crop species and associated water-use efficiencies, rainfed and irrigated bioenergy plantation locations (including total area and meteorological conditions), and total biomass harvest amounts.
In the future, a model intercomparison project with standardized parameters and scenarios would be helpful.
Can the two-parameter recursive digital filter baseflow separation method really be calibrated by the conductivity mass balance method?
Authors: Yang Weifei , Xiao Changlai , Zhang Zhihao , Liang Xiujuan
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The two-parameter recursive digital filter method
(Eckhardt) and the conductivity mass balance (CMB) method are two
widely used baseflow separation methods favored by hydrologists. Some
divergences in the application of these two methods have emerged in recent
years. Some scholars believe that deviation of baseflow separation results
of the two methods is due to uncertainty of the parameters of the Eckhardt
method and that the Eckhardt method should be corrected by reference to the
CMB method. However, other scholars attribute the deviation to the fact that
they contain different transient water components. This study aimed to
resolve this disagreement by analyzing the effectiveness of the CMB method
for correcting the Eckhardt method through application of the methods to 26
basins in the United States by comparison of the biases between the
generated daily baseflow series. The results showed that the approach of
calibrating the Eckhardt method against the CMB method provides a “false”
calibration of total baseflow by offsetting the inherent biases in the
baseflow sequences generated by the two methods. The baseflow sequence
generated by the Eckhardt method usually includes slow interflow and bank
storage return flow, whereas that of the CMB method usually includes
high-conductivity water flushed from swamps and depressions by rainfall, but
not low-conductivity interflow and bank storage return flow. This difference
results in obvious peak misalignment and periodic deviation between the
baseflow sequences obtained by the two methods, thereby preventing
calibration. However, multi-component separation of streamflow can be
achieved through comparison. Future research should recognize the deviations
between the separation results obtained by the different methods, identify
the reasons for these differences, and explore the hydrological information
contained therein.
Minority Males and Graduate Education: Confronting Microaggressions in Counsellor Education Programs
Authors: Maiden Dr James
Published: April 2021

Microaggressions are intentional or unintentional exchanges that communicate hostile, derogatory, negative slights and insults to people of colour. Microaggressions are prevalent on college campuses across the United States. This article explores the impact of microaggressions on minority male graduate students in counsellor education programs. The article further discusses how institutions and counsellor education programs must address racial stereotypes through cultural competency training and hiring diverse faculty and staff. A quantitative design was employed to understand minority males’ perceptions of microaggressions. The sample of the study consisted of (n=99) participants comprised of Asian (n=30), Hispanic (n=33), and Black (n=36) male degree recipients from counsellor education programs. The data were collected using the Racial and Ethnic Microaggressions Scale (REMS) while a one-way ANOVA was used to examine the impact of microaggressions. The study revealed a difference in perceived microaggressions between Asian, Hispanic, and Black students in counsellor education programs.
SIMULADOR DE BAIXA FIDELIDADE NO CUIDADO DE ESTOMIAS INTESTINAIS
Authors: Amante Lúcia Nazareth , Reis Girondi Juliana Balbinot , Will Maitê Mirian , Martins Emanuela Bosa , Strauss Mohr Helena Sophia , Dos Santos Eduarda Brito , Espindola Maria Carolina
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: descrever o desenvolvimento e a aplicação de um simulador de baixa fidelidade para capacitações sobre os cuidados com estomias intestinais. Método: trata-se de um estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, sobre a idealização, elaboração, confecção e aplicação de um simulador de baixa fidelidade, que consiste em um modelo de avental em relevo representando órgãos do trato gastrointestinal e tipos de estomias intestinais. Resultados: construiu-se o avental em relevo com feltro, tecido de algodão e fibra comum de preenchimento com poliéster. Utilizou-se o simulador, após finalizado, para a capacitação de discentes e pacientes com estomia intestinal, a partir da qual se confirmou que ele possibilita a visualização do trato gastrointestinal e possíveis locais de confecção das estomias. Conclusão: conclui-se que o simulador se mostrou positivo para o desenvolvimento de habilidades e do autocuidado de pessoas com estoma intestinal e para o ensino de discentes, visto que os aproxima da vivência prática.Descritores: Treinamento por Simulação; Pesquisa em Educação de Enfermagem; Educação em Saúde; Estomia; Tutoria; Autocuidado.Descriptors: Simulation Training; Nursing Education Research; Health Education; Ostomy; Mentoring; Self Care; Autocuidado.Descriptores: Entrenamiento Simulado; Investigación en Educación de Enfermería; Educación en Salud; Estomía; Tutoría;
PREMATURE DELIVERY WORK: ASSOCIATED CONDITIONS
Authors: Alves Isabela Soares Gomes , Santos Amuzza Aylla Pereira dos , Sanches Maria Elisângela Torres de Lima , Maraysa Jéssyca de Oliveira Vieira Maraysa Jéssyca De Oliveira , Texeira Larissa De Morais , Costa André Veras
Published: April 2021

Objective: to identify which risk factors / clinical conditions are frequently associated with premature labor in a reference maternity for high risk. Method: this is a quantitative, descriptive, documentary study. In the population studied, it was understood that pregnant women diagnosed with premature labor admitted to the maternity ward of a public hospital from June to September 2018. Results: it was identified that, of the 40 pregnant women, 21 (52.5% ) were 20 to 34 years old and, in relation to parity, 24 (60%) were multigravid; of the cases that presented some clinical condition associated with the diagnosis of premature labor, Urinary Tract Infection was the most incident complication, corresponding to 27 (65%) of the cases. Conclusion: it appears that the most incident risk factors for the development of premature labor were: maternal age, parity and complications such as Urinary Tract Infection. It was seen that it is up to the professionals involved in prenatal care to provide adequate support for mothers and family members, based on solidarity and welcome, also combining technical and scientific knowledge in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.
PENERAPAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PROSES DAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA BAGI PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Syamsimar Syamsimar -
Published: April 2021

Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah rendahnya proses dan hasil belajar matematika peserta didik di kelas V SD Negeri 94/II Muara Bungo. Hal  ini dibuktikan dengan hasil observasi yaitu aktivitas belajar peserta didik masih terbatas terutama pada pembelajaran matematika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan proses dan hasil belajar matematika peserta didik dengan model problem based learning pada materi pecahan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian Tindakan Kelas yang dilaksanakan terdiri dari dua siklus penelitian dengan tahapan dalam tiap siklus meliputi perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi.

Penerapan model Problem Based Learning proses dan hasil belajar matematika kelas V meningkat seperti yang diharapkan. Meningkatnya proses belajar yaitu dibuktikan dari hasil lembar observasi guru dan peserta didik. Hasil observasi guru pada siklus I yaitu 60% dan siklus II 85%, hasil observasi peserta didik pada siklus I yaitu 55% dan siklus II 80%. Dengan meningkatnya proses belajar meningkat pula hasil belajar matematika peserta didik yaitu terdapat 5 peserta didik yang sudah mencapai kriteria sangat baik jika dipersentase 20% dan 16 peserta didik yang mencapai kriteria baik jika dipresentase yaitu 64%.
Hacia un modelo multidimensional del trastorno específico del lenguaje y la dislexia: Déficits compartidos y específicos
Authors: Acha Joana
Published: April 2021

Este artículo revisa la naturaleza y relaciones entre procesos implicados en el trastorno específico del lenguaje (TEL) y de la lectura (dislexia) en base a los criterios de clasificación del DSM-V. El TEL implica dificultades en la percepción y discriminación de los sonidos del habla, en la adquisición de vocabulario, así como en la comprensión y producción del lenguaje y de reglas gramaticales. La dislexia se incluye dentro de los trastornos de aprendizaje, y se caracteriza por una dificultad en la adquisición de las asociaciones entre letras y sus sonidos correspondientes y la fluidez o automatización lectora. Ambos trastornos se clasifican en categorías independientes y su posible interdependencia no queda clara. Recientes investigaciones han demostrado la presencia en ambos trastornos de un déficit de naturaleza fonológica que puede definirse en torno a dos dimensiones distintas aunque interrelacionadas: la habilidad para crear representaciones fonológicas y la habilidad para procesarlas y acceder a ellas. También se ha observado que ambos trastornos comparten dificultades atencionales, en la memoria de trabajo y en la velocidad de procesamiento, lo que explicaría la alta tasa de comorbilidad entre trastornos de lenguaje, lectura y atención. Estos hallazgos subrayan la naturaleza multidimensional de los trastornos y su ubicación en un continuum, suponiendo un reto para la perspectiva categórica de los actuales métodos de clasificación. Las nuevas investigaciones se orientan hacia el descubrimiento de características comunes y específicas de los trastornos. Éstas permitirán definir marcadores de riesgo tempranos, con claras implicaciones para la evaluación y tratamiento.
On the metacognitive dimension of suspended syntactic constructions. A descriptive study on aphasic Spanish speakers
Authors: Hernández-Sacristán Carlos , Serra-Alegre Enrique
Published: April 2021

By taking into consideration conversational outputs from aphasic Spanish speakers, a functional characterisation of suspended syntactic constructions will be provided here. Suspensions of syntactic constructions may be initially thought of as attributed to a language processing deficit in people with aphasia, which is, in fact, only partly the case. An examination of conversational data demonstrates, however, that a comprehensive explanation of syntactic suspensions requires a re-assessment of this phenomenon in the realm of meta-cognitive processes associated with language behaviour. Five general types of procedures and contexts for suspended syntactic constructions will be proposed and discussed in this paper. They differentially involve a series of metacognitive processes such as monitoring for anticipation and prevention of foreseeable mistakes, intersemiotic control of language production and communication by the use of gesturing, motivational and intentional aspects associated with language use, collaborative tasks in language production and theory of mind phenomena.
Orientaciones para la intervención logopédica con niños bilingües
Authors: Nieva Silvia
Published: April 2021

Los crecientes movimientos migratorios y las demandas sociales de manejo de lenguas para el desarrollo personal y profesional han aumentado el interés por la educación bilingüe. En el Estado Español encontramos un apoyo institucional emergente para la implantación de programas bilingües en lenguas extranjeras así como en lenguas cooficiales y dialectos regionales. Las investigaciones recientes destacan el bilingüismo como una opción que beneficia el desarrollo del lenguaje y de la cognición. Sin embargo, en población que presenta alteraciones del lenguaje aún quedan muchas cuestiones por resolver. Los profesionales se enfrentan a una gran variedad de contextos y situaciones bilingües y la información sobre desarrollo típico, atípico y sobre la efectividad de diferentes modelos de tratamiento es escasa. La presente revisión trata de organizar la información disponible sobre desarrollo y sobre evaluación e intervención basada en la evidencia para orientar a los profesionales en la toma de decisiones y en el asesoramiento a familias de niños con dificultades del habla y el lenguaje en entornos bilingües.
From mining to hydroelectric: the recent face of territorial dynamics in the Eastern Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Santos Luciano Laurindo , Pereira Airton dos Reis
Published: April 2021

Since the period of military dictatorship in Brazil, Amazon has become the focus through public and credit policies to privilege the interests of capital over traditional people (riverine people, fishermen, quilombolas, indigenous people), secular settled population, and other subjects (landless workers, those settled in agrarian reform projects). They are forcibly deterritorialized in this logic of integration of national and international capital in the exploration and production of commodities in this space. This work aims to portray the recent perspective of the last two decades of territorialization process of international interest, with the inflow of large capital resources, such as mining, and hydroelectric energy production. The methodology used was the case study, with interviews, documentary and bibliography research. These enterprises, of great magnitude of socio-territorial transformations, tend to provoke a new process of deterritorialization of hundreds of families of rural workers, as in the case of those settled in agrarian reform projects, riverine people, quilombolas, and indigenous people.