bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Operations strategy and analysis of competitive criteria: a case study of a food business
Authors: Lohmann Sabrina , Lacerda Daniel Pacheco , Camargo Luís Felipe Riehs , Dresch Aline
Published: August 2019

Abstract This study proposes an alternative way to access customer priority information on competitive criteria that a food industry company needs to take into account. Based on this approach, it is possible to identify a consistent set of information that assists in the decision-making process at an operational strategy level, such as investments in dedicated or shared production lines, quality programs, and cost reduction. This study is a single embedded case study. Data were collected through interviews with ten customers of each business unit (BU). Descriptive statistics of the results were performed to analyze data: mean central tendency, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation. The Fleiss Kappa Index was then used to analyze the agreement between respondents' answers. Finally, a new statistical analysis was performed. This analysis was weighted considering the representativeness of each customer in the company's billing. The results show that there are differences among competitive priorities of each BU. In addition, the proportionality of participation of each BU in the company influences the order of preference of competitive criteria.
PERFIL METABÓLICO DURANTE O PERIPARTO DE OVELHAS DA RAÇA SANTA INÊS COM GESTAÇÃO SIMPLES E MÚLTIPLA
Authors: Moreira Roberta Tavares , Assis Lorena Campos , Lima Eduardo Maurício Mendes , Facury Filho Elias Jorge , Borges José Renato Junqueira
Published: August 2019

Resumo O perfil metabólico é uma importante ferramenta no diagnóstico de doenças metabólicas e monitoramento nutricional de animais de produção. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o escore corporal e perfil metabólico de ovelhas da raça Santa Inês criadas em sistema de semiconfinamento, ao longo do periparto, comparando esses parâmetros entre animais com gestação simples e gestação múltipla. Cinquenta e cinco ovelhas (55), sendo 43 com gestação simples e 12 com gestação gemelar, foram submetidas a coletas de sangue e avaliação do escore corporal semanalmente, entre o fim do terceiro mês de gestação e um mês pós-parto, totalizando 10 avaliações. Observaram-se diferenças na comparação entre semanas para as variáveis: Glicose, BHB, NEFA, Triglicerídeos, Cálcio, Fósforo, Uréia e Creatinina para os grupos Gestação Simples (GS) e Gestação Gemelar (GG), além de Magnésio para o primeiro grupo (p<0,005). A semana do parto e as semanas subsequentes apresentaram valores estatisticamente diferentes das semanas que precederam o parto na maioria das variáveis estudadas. Não houve diferença significativa na comparação entre os grupos GS e GG para os parâmetros avaliados. Em ambos os grupos houve redução no escore corporal das fêmeas acompanhadas, com uma queda na proporção de animais com EC3 e 4 e concomitante crescimento de EC2.
Attention-Aware Sampling via Deep Reinforcement Learning for Action Recognition
Authors: Dong Wenkai , Zhang Zhaoxiang , Tan Tieniu
Published: August 2019

Deep learning based methods have achieved remarkable progress in action recognition. Existing works mainly focus on designing novel deep architectures to achieve video representations learning for action recognition. Most methods treat sampled frames equally and average all the frame-level predictions at the testing stage. However, within a video, discriminative actions may occur sparsely in a few frames and most other frames are irrelevant to the ground truth and may even lead to a wrong prediction. As a result, we think that the strategy of selecting relevant frames would be a further important key to enhance the existing deep learning based action recognition. In this paper, we propose an attentionaware sampling method for action recognition, which aims to discard the irrelevant and misleading frames and preserve the most discriminative frames. We formulate the process of mining key frames from videos as a Markov decision process and train the attention agent through deep reinforcement learning without extra labels. The agent takes features and predictions from the baseline model as input and generates importance scores for all frames. Moreover, our approach is extensible, which can be applied to different existing deep learning based action recognition models. We achieve very competitive action recognition performance on two widely used action recognition datasets.
STA: Spatial-Temporal Attention for Large-Scale Video-Based Person Re-Identification
Authors: Fu Yang , Wang Xiaoyang , Wei Yunchao , Huang Thomas
Published: August 2019

In this work, we propose a novel Spatial-Temporal Attention (STA) approach to tackle the large-scale person reidentification task in videos. Different from the most existing methods, which simply compute representations of video clips using frame-level aggregation (e.g. average pooling), the proposed STA adopts a more effective way for producing robust clip-level feature representation. Concretely, our STA fully exploits those discriminative parts of one target person in both spatial and temporal dimensions, which results in a 2-D attention score matrix via inter-frame regularization to measure the importances of spatial parts across different frames. Thus, a more robust clip-level feature representation can be generated according to a weighted sum operation guided by the mined 2-D attention score matrix. In this way, the challenging cases for video-based person re-identification such as pose variation and partial occlusion can be well tackled by the STA. We conduct extensive experiments on two large-scale benchmarks, i.e. MARS and DukeMTMCVideoReID. In particular, the mAP reaches 87.7% on MARS, which significantly outperforms the state-of-the-arts with a large margin of more than 11.6%.
Projection Convolutional Neural Networks for 1-bit CNNs via Discrete Back Propagation
Authors: Gu Jiaxin , Li Ce , Zhang Baochang , Han Jungong , Cao Xianbin , Liu Jianzhuang , Doermann David
Published: August 2019

The advancement of deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) has driven significant improvement in the accuracy of recognition systems for many computer vision tasks. However, their practical applications are often restricted in resource-constrained environments. In this paper, we introduce projection convolutional neural networks (PCNNs) with a discrete back propagation via projection (DBPP) to improve the performance of binarized neural networks (BNNs). The contributions of our paper include: 1) for the first time, the projection function is exploited to efficiently solve the discrete back propagation problem, which leads to a new highly compressed CNNs (termed PCNNs); 2) by exploiting multiple projections, we learn a set of diverse quantized kernels that compress the full-precision kernels in a more efficient way than those proposed previously; 3) PCNNs achieve the best classification performance compared to other state-ofthe-art BNNs on the ImageNet and CIFAR datasets.
StNet: Local and Global Spatial-Temporal Modeling for Action Recognition
Authors: He Dongliang , Zhou Zhichao , Gan Chuang , Li Fu , Liu Xiao , Li Yandong , Wang Limin , Wen Shilei
Published: August 2019

Despite the success of deep learning for static image understanding, it remains unclear what are the most effective network architectures for spatial-temporal modeling in videos. In this paper, in contrast to the existing CNN+RNN or pure 3D convolution based approaches, we explore a novel spatialtemporal network (StNet) architecture for both local and global modeling in videos. Particularly, StNet stacks N successive video frames into a super-image which has 3N channels and applies 2D convolution on super-images to capture local spatial-temporal relationship. To model global spatialtemporal structure, we apply temporal convolution on the local spatial-temporal feature maps. Specifically, a novel temporal Xception block is proposed in StNet, which employs a separate channel-wise and temporal-wise convolution over the feature sequence of a video. Extensive experiments on the Kinetics dataset demonstrate that our framework outperforms several state-of-the-art approaches in action recognition and can strike a satisfying trade-off between recognition accuracy and model complexity. We further demonstrate the generalization performance of the leaned video representations on the UCF101 dataset.
Non-Local Context Encoder: Robust Biomedical Image Segmentation against Adversarial Attacks
Authors: He Xiang , Yang Sibei , Li Guanbin , Li Haofeng , Chang Huiyou , Yu Yizhou
Published: August 2019

Recent progress in biomedical image segmentation based on deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) has drawn much attention. However, its vulnerability towards adversarial samples cannot be overlooked. This paper is the first one that discovers that all the CNN-based state-of-the-art biomedical image segmentation models are sensitive to adversarial perturbations. This limits the deployment of these methods in safety-critical biomedical fields. In this paper, we discover that global spatial dependencies and global contextual information in a biomedical image can be exploited to defend against adversarial attacks. To this end, non-local context encoder (NLCE) is proposed to model short- and long-range spatial dependencies and encode global contexts for strengthening feature activations by channel-wise attention. The NLCE modules enhance the robustness and accuracy of the non-local context encoding network (NLCEN), which learns robust enhanced pyramid feature representations with NLCE modules, and then integrates the information across different levels. Experiments on both lung and skin lesion segmentation datasets have demonstrated that NLCEN outperforms any other state-of-the-art biomedical image segmentation methods against adversarial attacks. In addition, NLCE modules can be applied to improve the robustness of other CNN-based biomedical image segmentation methods.
Image Saliency Prediction in Transformed Domain: A Deep Complex Neural Network Method
Authors: Jiang Lai , Wang Zhe , Xu Mai , Wang Zulin
Published: August 2019

The transformed domain fearures of images show effectiveness in distinguishing salient and non-salient regions. In this paper, we propose a novel deep complex neural network, named SalDCNN, to predict image saliency by learning features in both pixel and transformed domains. Before proposing Sal-DCNN, we analyze the saliency cues encoded in discrete Fourier transform (DFT) domain. Consequently, we have the following findings: 1) the phase spectrum encodes most saliency cues; 2) a certain pattern of the amplitude spectrum is important for saliency prediction; 3) the transformed domain spectrum is robust to noise and down-sampling for saliency prediction. According to these findings, we develop the structure of SalDCNN, including two main stages: the complex dense encoder and three-stream multi-domain decoder. Given the new SalDCNN structure, the saliency maps can be predicted under the supervision of ground-truth fixation maps in both pixel and transformed domains. Finally, the experimental results show that our Sal-DCNN method outperforms other 8 state-of-theart methods for image saliency prediction on 3 databases.
Movement-Versus Sporting-Based Physical Education in Elementary Schools: Does Either Ensure Quality?
Authors: Scott Joseph John
Published: August 2019

Within the physical education literature, there remains to be contentions between the effectiveness of sporting- and movement-based approaches. Whilst both have noted strengths and weaknesses, there is little research into whether either is leading to quality physical education in Australian elementary schools. This paper therefore examines two of the common models based approaches to teaching physical education in elementary schools against the five interrelated propositions of the Australian Curriculum to determine if either pedagogical approach is leading to quality physical education. This paper draws on current literature, curriculum frameworks and pedagogical recommendations to determine the value of a models based approaches to physical education in relation to quality. Examinations indicate that both the sports and movement based approaches can address the five key propositions that underpin the Australian Curriculum, however quality is dependent on appropriate implementation by qualified and skilled teachers. Teacher education and pedagogical knowledge is paramount for the implementation of quality physical education. Further investigation and exploratory research is required to determine if the model based approaches are being effectively being introduced by both generalist and specialist health and physical education teachers in elementary school settings.
Site Response in the Oklahoma Region from Seismic Recordings of the 2011 Mw 5.7 Prague Earthquake
Authors: Mendoza Carlos , Hartzell Stephen
Published: August 2019

We invert the shear‐wave displacement spectra obtained from 30 three‐component, broadband waveforms recorded within 300 km of the 6 November 2011 Mw 5.7 Prague, Oklahoma, earthquake to recover the site‐response contribution using an inversion method that simultaneously inverts for source, path, and site effects. Site‐response functions identify resonant frequencies within a range of 0.1–10 Hz that generally coincide with spectral peaks in horizontal‐to‐vertical ratio curves derived from the recorded waveforms. S‐wave velocity profiles available for several sites were also used to calculate theoretical SH transfer functions that predict the site amplification due to the near‐surface soil structure down to depths of 30–50 m. The transfer functions do not provide resonance information below about 5–8 Hz, indicating that the spectral peaks in the site response obtained from the waveform analysis result from deeper velocity variations. A 0.3 Hz spectral peak observed at several stations, for example, coincides with the strong, surface‐wave amplitudes observed at 3 s periods for induced M≥3 earthquakes in Oklahoma and Kansas, suggesting that this resonant peak may be due to surface waves trapped in the upper ∼2  km sedimentary layer of the crust. Both shallow and deep contributions to the site response are important for the characterization of ground motion from central and eastern North America (CENA) earthquakes. We obtain a corner frequency of 0.229, consistent with independent observations of the size of the event. A frequency‐dependent attenuation relation of Q(f)=1107f0.398 consistent with prior CENA path measurements is also derived.
Waveform Cross‐Correlation for Differential Time Measurement: Bias and Limitations
Authors: Bachura Martin , Fischer Tomáš
Published: August 2019

The waveform cross‐correlation technique is a popular tool for estimating the differential times of seismic phases in a fast and reliable manner. Differential times are used for a variety of methods, with the double‐difference relocation method HypoDD being the most popular. In this work, we analyzed the precision and possible error of cross‐correlated differential times by conducting a simple comparison with reference manual datasets. Our study was carried out on two well‐studied mainshock–aftershock datasets from the seismically active West Bohemia region (Czechia). We observed that the magnitude difference δML between two cross‐correlated earthquakes presents a significant bias, resulting in the over‐ or underestimation of the final differential time of both P and S waves. The earthquakes of differing magnitudes exhibit unequal first pulse durations in otherwise similar waveforms. As a result, the cross‐correlated differential time, which shifts seismograms to the position of maximum cross‐correlation, is different from the differential time between phase arrivals. Our test cases revealed that the resulting deviation from the true differential time depends on the actual δML and can reach values higher than 0.025 s when δML>2. Hence, in standard differential time datasets, the error has a greater impact on the data related to strong events—mainshocks. In HypoDD applications, the error leads to mislocations of mainshocks, and at the same time, the locations of the weak events are improved. We demonstrate the mislocation potential of the error on relocated hypocenters of mainshock–aftershock sequences and earthquake swarms from West Bohemia, as well as on synthetic tests. The error cannot be avoided by changing the cross‐correlated window length or filtration. We propose a few suggestions to suppress the consequences of the magnitude difference data bias. Nonetheless, the differential times error and its effects cannot currently be completely suppressed using the mentioned methods.
Sınıf Öğretmenlerinin Öğrencilere Sundukları Sözel Problem Türleri
Authors: CANBAZOĞLU H. Beyza , TARIM Kamuran
Published: August 2019

Bu çalışmanın amacı, sınıf öğretmenlerinin öğrencilere sundukları sözel problem türlerini belirlemektir. Çalışmada,karma yöntem araştırmaları modellerinden, yakınsayan paralel desen kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, Türkiye’nin güneyindeki bir ilin farklı okullarında görev yapan 104 sınıf öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın nicel verileri anket formu kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın nitel verileri ise “Görüş Alma Formu” kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Nicel verilerin çözümlenmesinde betimsel istatistiklerden frekans ve yüzde dağılımları kullanılmıştır. Görüşmelerden elde edilen verilere ise içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, sınıf öğretmenlerinin toplama ve çıkarmaya ilişkin en fazla sundukları problem türlerinin; birleştirme ve ayırma problemlerinden sonuç miktarının bilinmediği durumlar; parça-parça-bütün problemlerinden parçanın bilinmediği durumlar; karşılaştırma problemlerinden ise farkın bilinmediği durumlara yönelik problem türleri olduğu; çarpma ve bölmeye ilişkin en fazla sunulan problem türlerinin ise; eş-grup problemlerinden tekrarlı toplama adil paylaşım, ölçüm bölmesi ve tekrarlı çıkarma ile karşılaştırma problemlerinden çarpma türü problemler olduğu belirlenmiştir. Öğretmenlerin büyük çoğunluğu çocukların gelişim özelliklerini göz önünde bulundurarak çocuklara sözel problem türlerini sunduklarını ifade etmişlerdir. Bununla birlikte, bazı problem türlerine yer vermeme nedenlerine ilişkin görüşlerinde ise, çocukların gelişim özelliklerine ve yaşlarına uygun olmaması ile müfredatta belirtilen kazanımlarda yer almaması gerekçelerini kullanmışlardır.
Getting to the Heart of It All: An Analysis of Due Process in Interscholastic Athletics
Authors: Czekanski W. Andrew , Siegrist Amanda , Aicher Thomas
Published: August 2019

Based on authority of the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution, a person is entitled to procedural due process protections by the state prior to the deprivation of any life, liberty, or property interest to ensure a just outcome. While many people assert interscholastic athletics are an important part of a student’s overall education, courts have been reluctant to accept this argument. The purpose of this article is to examine how past legal precedent applies to the current structure and purpose of interscholastic sport. To achieve this, a single state athletic association (i.e., the Ohio High School Athletic Association) was examined as well as the state’s accompanying school districts. Mission statements, structure, and modes of operation were examined in-depth through surveying high schools and performing content analysis of state bylaws. Results revealed the use of pay-to-play, affording student-athletes academic credit for participation, and current mission statements and bylaws may be increasing the liability of school districts.
Spatial distribution of active and inactive rock glaciers and protalus ramparts in a sector of the Central Andes of Argentina
Authors: Villarroel C.D. , Forte A.P.
Published: August 2019

Rock glaciers and protalus ramparts are two of the main morphological features of the Central Andes in the Province of San Juan, Argentina. This sector of the Andes has one of the highest densities of occurrence of rock glaciers in the world. In this region, which has semiarid climatic characteristics, the presence of these landforms is important due to their solid state water reserves and as water resource regulators. Their occurrence is vital in several basins where, due to the lack of glaciers, debris-covered glaciers and perennial snow patches, rock glaciers are the only solid-state water reserves. However, the topo-climatic factors controlling the development and evolution of rock glaciers and protalus ramparts are not well known, which prevents an integrated management of the basins. This contribution, first, analyzes the spatial distribution of active and inactive rock glaciers and of protalus ramparts with respect to different topographic variables in the upper section of the Santa Cruz River basin. In total, 375 landforms have been inventoried, out of which 83 are active rock glaciers, 81 are inactive and 211 are protalus ramparts, covering an area of 13.09 km2 (3.03 % of the total area). The active periglacial environment belt occurs between 4000 and 4200 m a.s.l. and slopes with a southwesterly aspect have a greater development of active rock glaciers. Secondly, the evolution of such landforms is addressed. While the development of protalus ramparts does not seem to be mainly controlled by the topographic variables analyzed, the evolution of protalus ramparts in rock glaciers would be mainly controlled by elevation and aspect. Besides, there are local topo-climatic factors that contribute to the development of such landforms.
Emergency peripartum hysterectomy: a 7-year review at tertiary hospital
Authors: K. Manjula S. , Katakam Suvarchala , G. Shobha
Published: August 2019

Emergency peripartum hysterectomy (EPH) is a major obstetric procedure, usually performed as a life-saving measure in cases of intractable obstetric hemorrhage. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence, indications and the risk factors and complications of emergency peripartum hysterectomy (EPH). The medical records of 13 patients who had undergone EPH, between January 2012 and December 2018, were reviewed retrospectively. All necessary data was obtained by record review. The mean age of pregnant women was 30 year. There were 13 EPHs out of 15768 deliveries, a rate of 0.82 per 1,000 deliveries. Out of 13 women who underwent EPHs, 8 hysterectomies were performed after cesarean delivery and 5 after vaginal delivery. The most common indication for hysterectomy was abnormal placentation (7/13), followed by atony (4/13), rupture of scared uterus (1/13) and rupture of unscared uterus (1/13). There were two cases of intra-operative bladder injury, we had 1/13 maternal death because of EPH. There were no cases of neonatal mortality. In our series, abnormal placentation was the most common of indication for EPH. The risk factors for EPH were previous CS for abnormal placentation and placental abruption for uterine atony and peripartum hemorrhage. Limiting the number of CS deliveries would bring a significant impact on decreasing the risk of EPH.
Prospective study of primary amenorrhoea and its management in a rural tertiary centre
Authors: A. Pavanaganga , Ivalla Sai Prathyusha , R. Nagarathnamma , A. Sailakshmi M. P.
Published: August 2019

Background: Amenorrhoea (absence of menstruation) is a symptom of varied causes. It results from dysfunction of hypothalamic-pituitary ovarian axis, uterus and vagina. It is a major concern for pubertal girls and their family members. It has a major impact on the physical, mental, psychological and social life of the girl and her family. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the aetiology and management of primary amenorrhoea in young adolescent girls.Methods: It was a prospective study conducted for a period of 2 years from August 2016 to July 2018 at Rajarajeswari medical college and hospital. Patients presenting with history of amenorrhoea that is, absence of menses by the age of 13 years with no visible development of secondary sexual characteristics or by 15 years of age with the presence of normal secondary sexual characteristics were included in our study. Cases of secondary amenorrhoea were excluded. Detailed history, examination, investigations and management was documented and analysed.Results: A total of 25 patients of primary amenorrhea were studied during the study period. In our study outflow tract anomalies were the commonest cause of amenorrhoea accounting for 84%, of which imperforate hymen (32%) and Mayer Rokitansky Küster Hauser syndrome (MRKH) 36% were the two most common Mullerian anomaly causing primary amenorrhoea. Gonadal dysgenesis accounted for 12% of the cases. Amenorrhoea was the commonest complaint patients presented with accounting to 76%, followed by cyclical pain abdomen accounting for 16% of cases.Conclusions: Primary amenorrhoea is multifactorial and is of major concern among adolescent girls. Early diagnosis and intervention has an impact on the physical and psychological wellbeing of the girl.
Validation of weight, insulin like growth factor 1, neonatal retinopathy of prematurity for detecting retinopathy of prematurity among Indian preterm neonates
Authors: H. Marthandappa D. , J. Vandanapriya N. , S. Surabhi H. , H. Prathik B. , S. Niranjan H. , Benkappa Naveen
Published: August 2019

Background: Among the premature infants, WINROP (weight, insulin like growth factor 1, neonatal retinopathy of prematurity), a web- based retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) risk algorithm, uses postnatal weight gain in predicting the risk of severe ROP. This retrospective study assess the sensitivity and specificity of WINROP algorithm to predict proliferative ROP (type 1, type 2).Methods: This was a tertiary hospital based retrospective study conducted in level 3 - NICU from February -November 2018. The data was entered in WINROP website. 45 neonates enrolled in the study, were classified as either alarm given (increased risk of severe ROP) or not given (no risk of severe ROP/ no ROP). Timing of alarm was also noted.Result: 10 neonates (22%) had severe ROP requiring treatment. The mean gestational age was 30 weeks and mean birth weight was 1275 grams. In this study, sensitivity to WINROP online system was found to be 90%, specificity of 48.6%, positive predictive value of 33.3% and negative predictive value of 94.4%. The median time from alarm to treatment was 6 weeks (3-8 weeks).Conclusion: WINROP algorithm has a good sensitivity in detection of treatable ROP.
Respiratory variation of inferior vena cava diameter and central venous pressure in ventilated and non-ventilated children in fluid refractory septic shock: an observational study
Authors: Ali Mohd Kashif , Naim Eeman
Published: August 2019

Background: Ultrasound guided fluid assessment in management of septic shock has come up as an adjunct to the current gold standard Central Venous Pressure monitoring. This study was designed to observe the respiro-phasic variation of IVC diameter (RV-IVCD) in invasively mechanically ventilated and spontaneously breathing paediatric patients of fluid refractory septic shock.Methods: This was a prospective observational study done at Paediatric intensive Care Unit (PICU) in Paediatric ward of Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital (JNMCH) from February 2016 to June 2017. 107 consecutive patients between 1 year to 16 years age who were in shock despite 40ml/kg of fluid administration were included. Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) diameters were measured at end-expiration and end inspiration and the IVC collapsibility index was calculated. Simultaneously Central Venous Pressure (CVP) was recorded. Both values were obtained in ventilated and non-ventilated patients. Data was analysed to determine to look for the profile of RV-IVCD and CVP in ventilated and non-ventilated cases.Results: Out of 107 patients, 91 were on invasive mechanical ventilation and 16 patients were spontaneously breathing. There was a strong negative correlation between central venous pressure (CVP) and inferior vena cava collapsibility (RV-IVCD) in both spontaneously breathing (-0.810) and mechanically ventilated patients (-0.700). Negative correlation was significant in both study groups in CVP <8 mmHg and only in spontaneously breathing patients in CVP 8-12 mmHg range. IVC collapsibility showed a decreasing trend with rising CVP in both spontaneously breathing and mechanically ventilated patients.Conclusion: Ultrasonography guided IVCCI appears to be a valuable index in assessing fluid status in both spontaneously breathing and mechanically ventilated septic shock patients. However, more data is required from the paediatric population so as to define it as standard of practice.
Study on prevalence of nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and associated factors
Authors: Prasad Nakkina Bhavani , Muralidhar G.
Published: August 2019

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease and the care of patients with diabetes and DN contributes significantly to health care costs. The objective of this present study was to determine prevalence of nephropathy in type2 diabetes and associated factor.Method: The present cross sectional study was conducted on type 2 diabetic subjects who attended the outpatient and inpatient wards of medicine department in GSL General Hospital from November 2015 to April 2017. Protocol approval was taken from institutional ethical committee and Informed consent from the study subjects was taken.Result: In this study the overall prevalence of nephropathy in type 2 DM was 44.7% (67 cases). The prevalence of nephropathy was similar in both males (44.3%) and Females (45.1%). and significant association was not found between gender and nephropathy. On apply of chi-square test, association was not found to be statistically significant for Sex (p=0.9), and ECG (p=0.07), whereas association was found to be statistically significant for HbA1C (p=0.04), Dyslipidemia (p=0.006), and USG (p=0.001).Conclusion: There is significant evidence to support the conclusion that microalbuminuria or proteinuria in patients with diabetes is a potential risk factor not only for kidney function impairment but also a marker for high risk of cardiovascular complications.
Determinants of Tocolysis Failure in Preterm Labor: A Case-Control Study in Two Hospital in Yaounde
Authors: F Essiben , G Ayissi , NCC Noa , AMJ Porro , S Dohbit , P Foumane
Published: August 2019

Background: Tocolysis aims to prolong pregnancy by stopping labor to achieve lung maturation. Failure of tocolysis is a common situation in obstetrics with its share of risks and complications for the fetus.Objective: To identify the determinants of tocolysis failure in two Hospitals in Yaounde.Patients and methods: We carried out a case-control study over a 6 months period at Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital (YGOPH) and Yaounde Central Hospital (YCH). We compared each case (patient with failure of tocolysis after 48 hours) with 3 controls (patients with successful tocolysis after 48 hours). The association degree between two variables was measured by calculating the odds ratio (OR) with their confidence interval. Multivariate analysis was performed to eliminate confounders.Results: In this study,238 women were included: 62 cases and 186 controls after multivariate analysis, predictive factors were: sexual activity during the last two month of pregnancy (AOR = 2.76; CI: 1.06-7.23, p = 0,038), prenatal follow-up by midwife or nurse (AOR = 8.96 CI: 2,05-39.22, p = 0,003), the persistence of the temperature ≥ to 38°C after 48 H (AOR = 3.89; CI: 1.36-11.6, p = 0,011),) and the Bishop score ≥ 7 at admission (AOR = 12.50; CI: 4.30-36.27, p < 0,001).Conclusion: The determinants of tocolysis failure in our study were sexual activity during the last two month of pregnancy, prenatal midwife/nurse follow-up, temperature persistence ≥ 38°C after 48 hours of tocolysis, Bishop’s score ≥ 7 at admission.
EXAMINING THE INFLUENCE OF FAIRNESS PERCEPTION ON TAX COMPLIANCE BEHAVIOR OF THE LIBYA INDIVIDUAL TAXPAYERS: THE MODERATING TAX AWARENESS AND TAX COMPLEXITY
Authors: Jaafar Sidik Morni Hayati , Reza Zandi Gholam , Alshadli Ruhoma Al Seddig
Published: August 2019

Purpose of Study: This study examines the impact of the perceptions of fairness among Libyan taxpayers in the Libyan income tax system, where a multidimensional model of justice was introduced. This extends the definition of justice from one to distributive fairness and procedural fairness, along with tax awareness and tax complexity as moderators’ variables. This study is one of the first studies that test the impact of tax awareness and tax complexity as moderators’ variables on tax compliance behavior in a country. Methodology: Despite the importance of collecting taxes from individual taxpayers, it is a little known about the behavior of tax compliance in general in the Libyan context. This is important for tax authorities to identify behavioral factors that may hinder the successful tax compliance so that remedial action can be taken to improve compliance behavior. It remains currently a severe challenge for the Libyan tax authorities. Results: The results of this research will contribute significantly to the paucity of current literature on the role of tax awareness and tax complexities as moderators’ variables on tax compliance behavior, particularly in developing countries. The serial exploratory search design will be used in this study. The sub-squares analysis will be used to analyze the surveys.
ANNONCES DE PRESSE
Authors: Trébuchon Jean-François
Published: August 2019

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Study of a chemotaxonomic marker able to identify the genus Aquilaria (Thymelaeaceae)
Authors: Andary Claude , Longepierre Damien , Le Cong Kiet , Hul Sovanmoly , Zaremski Alba , Michaloud Georges
Published: August 2019

Le genre Aquilaria Lam. (Thymelaeaceae) comprend 21 espèces d’arbres (The Plant List, 2013) et se trouve principalement en Asie du Sud-Est. Lorsque l’arbre est infecté (champignons, bactéries), son bois devient brunâtre ou noirâtre (appelé bois d’agar) en raison de la sécrétion d’une oléorésine en réaction à l’infection. La résine est très parfumée et a été recherchée et utilisée pendant des siècles par les bouddhistes, les hindous et les musulmans pour faire de l’encens pour les cérémonies religieuses. Cette oléorésine se trouve principalement dans les espèces du genre Aquilaria, mais aussi dans quelques espèces des genres Gyrinops Gaertner et Gonystylus Teijsmann & Binnendijk. Il est difficile de faire la distinction entre ces espèces, et ce manque de connaissances taxonomiques a conduit à une surutilisation des arbres, mettant en danger ces espèces endémiques inscrites à l’Annexe II de la CITES. Nous avons utilisé la chimiotaxonomie comme outil de discrimination pour analyser les molécules polyphénoliques, métabolites secondaires, qui sont connus pour agir comme marqueurs taxonomiques dans d’autres plantes. En utilisant une technique d’analyse simple, efficace et peu coûteuse (chromatographie bidimensionnelle en couche mince), nous avons trouvé la même molécule polyphénolique dans les six espèces du genre Aquilaria étudiées, qui a été identifiée comme mangiférine par analyse colorimétrique et chromatographique en comparaison avec la mangiférine de contrôle. Au cours de ces analyses, nous avons trouvé une relation entre les genres Aquilaria et Gyrinops (botaniquement démontrée) par l’existence occasionnelle de mangiférine chez trois espèces du genre Gyrinops. Nous avons également constaté qu’un laps de temps de cent-quarante ans entre deux échantillons d’herbier de la même espèce n’avait pratiquement aucun effet sur la concentration de mangiférine dans la plante. Ces travaux ont montré les mérites de la chimiotaxonomie dans la recherche de marqueurs taxonomiques et l’originalité de l’analyse colorimétrique d’un métabolite de plante chromatographié en couche mince.
Une forte saisonnalité du climat et de la phénologie reproductive dans la forêt du Mayombe : l’apport des données historiques de la Réserve de Luki en République démocratique du Congo
Authors: Angoboy Ilondea Bhely , Beeckman Hans , Ouedraogo Dakis-Yaoba Ouedraogo , Bourland Nils , De Mil Tom , Van Den Bulcke Jan , Van Acker Joris , Couralet Camille , Ewango Corneille , Hubau Wannes , Toirambe Benjamin , Doucet Jean-Louis , Fayolle Adeline
Published: August 2019

En Afrique, la phénologie reproductive des arbres tropicaux, majoritairement annuelle, semble présenter une certaine régularité. Cette étude documente les variations intra- et interannuelles de la phénologie reproductive des arbres de la forêt du Mayombe à partir des données historiques de la Réserve de Luki (République démocratique du Congo). Le diamètre de reproduction des espèces exploitées pour le bois, encore largement méconnu, a été également examiné pour les espèces suffisamment représentées dans les données. Le suivi phénologique de 3 642 arbres appartenant à 158 espèces et 39 familles a été réalisé tous les 10 jours de 1948 à 1957. Les statistiques circulaires ont été utilisées pour tester le synchronisme de la phénologie entre arbres, à l’échelle de la communauté, pour la forêt dans son ensemble, et individuellement pour 87 espèces, dont 35 espèces bien représentées (n ≥ 20 arbres), 16 espèces commerciales et 36 autres espèces. Des régressions logistiques ont permis de déterminer le diamètre de fructification (minimum et régulier) de ces espèces. Pour la majorité des espèces, la floraison était régulière, annuelle et largement saisonnière (81,6 %, 71 espèces). Les pics étaient plus marqués pour la floraison que pour la fructification, plus étalée dans le temps, bien que significativement agrégée temporellement. La majorité des arbres et des espèces fleurissaient entre décembre et février, pendant la petite saison sèche, bien que des fleurs et des fruits étaient observables toute l’année à l’échelle de la communauté. Seules 13 espèces ont montré une relation significative entre le diamètre et la reproduction, parmi lesquelles sept espèces de canopée, cinq de sous-bois et une héliophile. Pour ces espèces, la moyenne du diamètre minimum de reproduction était de 17,3 cm.
Some physical properties of delignified and compressed Melia dubia wood
Authors: Kumar Shailendra , Nautiyal Ismita , Shukla Shikhar
Published: August 2019

Cette étude explore les effets de la délignification dans l’amélioration de quelques propriétés physiques du bois comprimé. Les billes de bois d’une plantation de six ans d’âge de Melia dubia (densité = 0,39 g/cm3) ont été délignifiées dans une solution alcaline de NaOH et Na2SO3 pendant 4 heures. Les billes de bois délignifiées ont été séchées jusqu’à contenir 12 % d’humidité, et comprimées à deux températures (120 °C et 150 °C) pendant 2 heures et 4 heures. Les améliorations dans la densité, la recouvrance de la compression (%) et la perte d’épaisseur (%) après la compression ont été observées et comparées avec des échantillons non délignifiés. La densité moyenne du bois délignifié et comprimé (DCW) était de 0,825 g/cm3 (SD = 0,109) ; pour le bois comprimé sans délignification (CW), la densité moyenne était de 0,889 g/cm3 (SD = 0,049). Ces densités diffèrent significativement : les échantillons de DCW ont montré une basse recouvrance de la compression (2,97 % à 5,22 %), tandis que, comparativement, les échantillons de bois CW ont montré une haute recouvrance de la compression (48,47 % à 38,05 %). La perte moyenne d’épaisseur (%) dans les échantillons de DCW a varié de 47,22 % à 52,26 %, et elle était approximativement de 10 % plus haute (58,77 % à 61,91 %) dans les échantillons de CW, sans délignification.
Qualidade microbiológica e físico-química de sorvetes sabor chocolate comercializados na cidade de Limoeiro do Norte, Ceará, Brasil
Authors: Barcelos Samuel Carneiro de , Silva Edilene Ferreira da , Batista Elisabeth Mariano , Santos Sandra , Sá Daniele Maria Alves Teixeira , Monte Antônia Lucivânia de Sousa
Published: August 2019

O objetivo foi avaliar a qualidade microbiológica e físico-química de sorvetes comercializados a granel em Limoeiro do Norte, Ceará, Brasil. Amostras de sorvete, sabor chocolate, foram coletadas em cinco estabelecimentos que comercializam gelados comestíveis a granel tipo “self-service”. Foram determinados coliformes termotolerantes, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus e Salmonella sp., além dos parâmetros físico-químicos e composição centesimal. Os resultados foram comparados com os obtidos na análise de sorvetes industrializados e com a legislação Brasileira. Os aspectos higiênicos sanitários dos estabelecimentos que comercializam sorvetes a granel foram avaliados por meio de uma lista de verificação em boas práticas. Todas as amostras de sorvetes comercializados a granel (100%) e 60% das amostras de sorvetes industrializados analisadas apresentaram-se em desacordo com os padrões microbiológicos preconizados pela legislação Brasileira apresentando níveis inaceitáveis de coliformes termotolerantes e Staphylococcus aureus, o que pode estar associado às condições higiênicas dos estabelecimentos uma vez que 60% das sorveterias avaliadas foram classificadas no grupo III (alto risco) de acordo com a lista de verificação em boas práticas. Além disso, parte dos sorvetes apresentaram teores inferiores de proteínas e gorduras lácteas, sendo, portanto, necessária uma maior fiscalização por parte dos órgãos competentes a fim de evitar danos ao consumidor.
Hubungan Pola Asuh Orang Tua dengan Perkembangan Anak Usia Prasekolah di TK RA Cut Nyak Dien
Authors: Herminaju Ketjuk , Kholidati Ratna
Published: August 2019

Introduction: Development is a progressive which means irreversible, development that is movement, language, social and independence. The age of preschoolers can be ordered as a golden period or golden age, an important period in development. In this period parents' parenting is very important. But parents sometimes do not pay attention to parenting who is good, they are always worried about what if left alone. Therefore parents must know the importance of having good parenting. The purpose of this study was to study the pattern of foster care of parents with the development of preschool children.Methods: Pre correlational with cross sectional method. Population of all parents and preschoolers at RA Kindergarten. Cut Nyak Dien in Gendingan Kedungwaru Village for 6 - 08 February 2018 as many as 72. The samples of this study were 72 parents and preschool children who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Total sampling technique, questionnaire and KPSP instruments, and spearman rank ranking statistics ( rho) with α = 0.05.Results: The study obtained 63 (87.5%) parents who had authoritative parenting and with appropriate child development as many as 65 (90.3%) while authoritarian parenting with a number of 1 (1.4%). spearman rank (rho) with a value of P = 0,000 <α (0,05), then there is a relationship between Parenting Parenting and the Development of Preschool children in TK RA. Cut Nyak Dien Gendingan village Kedungwaru.Conclusion: Parenting Parenting has a relationship to the development of preschool children. Where parents who have authoritative parenting, the development of children in accordance with the development.
Faktor Strategi Koping pada Pasien Kanker yang Menjalani Kemoterapi
Authors: Sugo Maria Evarista , Kusumaningrum Tiyas , Fauziningtyas Rista
Published: August 2019

Introduction: Chemotherapy is one of the treatments for cancer that is effective and requires a considerable amount of time so that an adaptive coping strategy is needed from the patient. Patient coping strategies can be influenced by physical, psychological, and social factors. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors associated with coping strategies for cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy at Prof. W Z Johannes Kupang Hospital.Methods: The design in this study was cross-sectional. The total population were 163 and obtained 100 respondents by consequtive sampling. Independent variables were physical condition, emotional atmosphere, self-concept, and family support. The dependent variable was the coping strategy of cancer patients who undergo chemotherapy. The instrument used The Chemotheraphy Symptom Assessment Scale (C-SAS), Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), self-concept, family support and The Cancer Coping Questionnaire. Data were analyzed with Spearman's Rho, and Pearson.Results: There is a relationship between physical condition (p=0.030), emotional condition (p=0.001), self-concept (p=0,000), family support (p=0,000) with coping strategies for cancer patients who undergo chemotherapy.Conclusion: Coping strategies in patients undergoing cancer can be affected by physical conditions while undergoing chemotherapy, psychological experienced by patients, and social support that can come from family and close relatives. Nurses who were close to patients during the chemotherapy process can also be a support system so that patients' coping strategies can be adaptive during chemotherapy.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN KOMPOS DAN POSISI LERENG TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN SENGON (Paraserianthes falcataria) DI LAHAN REVEGETASI BEKAS TAMBANG BATUBARA
Authors: Syauqie Achmad , Hatta Gt. Muhammad , Priatmadi Bambang Joko , Kissinger Kissinger
Published: August 2019

Reclamation activities are efforts to repair or restore damaged land and vegetation in order to function optimally in accordance with its designation (Government Regulation Number 76 of 2008). The important component in reclamation is revegetation or replanting. Improvements in the quality of land in revegetation need to be done to improve the success of revegetation. Giving organic material is the main key to improving soil layers. This study aims to determine the effect of compost on the growth of Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) plants located on peaks, slopes, and valleys. The analytical method used is a randomized block design (RBD) of two factors. The first factor is the topographic position of the peaks, slopes, and valleys. The second factor is the fertilizer dose consisting of a dose of 1 kg, a dose of 2 kg and a dose of 3 kg. The growth assessed is the size of the diameter and height of the plant. Fertilizers used compost. The treatment of compost dosing and slope position significantly affected the increase in the diameter and height of the plant. The dominant compost dose affects the increase in diameter and height of Paraserianthes falcataria.