bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fracture risk assessment in men with prostate cancer requiring long-term androgen deprivation therapy: a systematic scoping review using the i-PARIHS implementation framework
Authors: Huang Qizhi , Mitchell Caroline , Theodoulou Elisavet , Lee Andrew , Brown Janet
Published: March 2024

Purpose
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a mainstay of treatment of prostate cancer (PCa) and is associated with increased risk of osteoporosis and fragility fractures. Despite international guidelines to mitigate fracture risk, osteoporosis is under-diagnosed and under-treated due to poor implementation. This scoping review aims to synthesise knowledge surrounding the implementation of guidelines and strategies to inform health service interventions to reduce fracture risk in men with PCa taking ADT.
Method
Four databases and additional literature were searched from January 2000 to January 2023. Studies which provided evidence influencing the implementation of guidelines were included. The i-PARIHS (Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services) framework was used to inform the narrative synthesis.
Results
Of the 1229 studies identified, 9 studies met the inclusion criteria. Overall, an improvement in fracture risk assessment was observed across heterogeneous study designs and outcome measures. Six studies were from Canadian. Two studies involved family physicians or a community healthcare programme. Two studies incorporated patient or specialist surveys. One utilised an implementation framework. Barriers included lack of knowledge for both patients and clinicians, time constraints, unsupportive organisational structures and challenges in transferring patient care from specialists to primary care. Effective strategies included education, novel care pathways using a multidisciplinary approach and incorporating existing services, point-of-care interventions, and bespoke clinics.
Conclusion
Guideline implementation requires contextualisation and innovation to address barriers and enablers.
Implications for Cancer Survivors
Whilst specialist cancer care is expected, primary care clinicians can play an important role in management of complications from long-term cancer treatment induced bone loss. Futurestudies should incorporate both patient and clinician perspectives and co-design interventions in primary care.
Evaluating Security Components in Urban Spaces: A Case Study of Tehran Metropolis District 20
Authors: Ghalehteimouri Kamran Jafarpour , Khaliji Mohammad Ali
Published: March 2024

Urban security and the quality of public spaces are critical issues that significantly impact the livability of urban areas. Without proper security measures, even the most well-designed public spaces can fail to fulfill their intended purpose. This research takes a closer look at the security components within urban spaces, with a specific focus on District 20 of Tehran metropolis. Employing an applied research methodology, this descriptive-analytical study comprehensively evaluates security across four fundamental dimensions: economic, physical, activity, and visual quality. To gauge the level of security within these urban spaces, the research utilizes Pearson's test and path analysis. The findings reveal intriguing insights into the security landscape of the 20th district. Visual quality emerges as the most secure component, achieving a rating of 2.52, while the activity dimension records the lowest average, with a score of 1.65. Furthermore, this study identifies a significant correlation between the economic and physical security components, scoring an impressive 0.688. In light of these results, it becomes evident that addressing security concerns in urban areas is essential for enhancing the quality and safety of public spaces. This research serves as a valuable resource for urban planners and policymakers striving to create more secure and vibrant urban environments in similar contexts.
Machine learning to predict outcomes of fetal cardiac disease: a pilot study
Authors: Nield Lynne , Manlhiot Cedric , Magor Keziah , Freud Lindsay , Chinni Bhargava , Ims Andrew , Melamed Nir , Nevo Ori , Weisz Dany , Ronzoni Stefania
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND: Prediction of outcomes following a prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease is challenging. Machine learning (ML) algorithms may be used to reduce clinical uncertainty and improve prognostic accuracy.
METHODS: We performed a pilot study to train ML algorithms to predict postnatal outcomes based on clinical data. Specific objectives were to predict 1) in-utero or neonatal death, 2) high-acuity neonatal care and 3) favourable outcomes. We included all fetuses with cardiac disease at Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada, from 2012 – 2021. Prediction models were created using the XgBoost algorithm (tree-based) with 5-fold cross validation.
RESULTS: Among 211 cases of fetal cardiac disease, 61 were excluded (39 terminations, 21 lost to follow-up, 1 isolated arrhythmia), leaving a cohort of 150 fetuses. Fifteen (10%) demised (10 neonates) and 70 (52%) of live births required high acuity neonatal care. Of those with clinical follow-up, 57/82 (70%) had a favourable outcome. Prediction models for live birth, high acuity neonatal care and favourable outcome had AUCs of 0.75, 0.82 and 0.72, respectively. The most important predictors for death were the presence of non-cardiac or genetic abnormalities and more severe structural heart disease. High acuity of postnatal care was predicted by increased nuchal thickness, lower gestational age (GA) and birthweight and favourable outcome was predicted by normal fetal right ventricular function, no tricuspid valve abnormalities, and normal GA/weight at birth.
CONCLUSION
Prediction models using ML provide good discrimination of key prenatal and postnatal outcomes among fetuses with congenital heart disease.
Determinants of premature membrane rupture among mothers receiving labor care at different public hospitals in Northeast Ethiopia: An unmatched case control study
Authors: Yosef Selamyhun Tadesse , Adissu Elsabeth , Amare Muluken , Ashagire Melaku , Birhane Tesfaye
Published: March 2024

Background: Premature rupture of membranes is a painless gush of amniotic fluid resulting from the rupture of membranes through the vaginal canal before the onset of uterine contractions and is responsible for increased perinatal mortality and neonatal morbidity. Therefore, identifying the determining factors is essential for minimizing its adverse impact. Despite the existence of this problem in the study area, there is a gap in identifying the factors affecting its occurrence.
Objectives: To assess the determinants of prematuremembrane rupture among mothers who attendedlabor at public hospitals in theNorth Wollo Zone, 2022/23.
Methods: An unmatched case‒controlstudy was conducted from December 1, 2022, to March 30, 2023. Three public hospitals were selected through a lottery method, and by proportional allocation, a total of 353 participants (118 cases and 235 controls) receiving labor were recruited. Cases were selected through convenience sampling, while controls were recruited through systematic random sampling. The datawere collected using a structured questionnaire and card review, entered into EpiData 4.6 and analyzed using STATA version 17. Logistic regression was employed to identify determinants, and a P value < 0.05 in multivariable logistic regression was considered to indicate statistical significance.
Results: Previous caesarian section (AOR: 2.11; 95% CI: 1.05–4.23), history of abortion (AOR: 3.68; 95% CI: 1.70–7.94), history of premature membrane rupture (AOR: 3.89; 95% CI: 1.73–8.71), chronic cough (AOR: 4.23; 95% CI: 1.47–12.18), mid-upper arm circumference <23 cm (AOR: 3.47; 95% CI: 1.53–7.84), suspected sepsis (AOR: 2.99; 95% CI: 1.25–1.99), and presence of urinary tract infection (AOR: 3.14; 95% CI: 1.50–6.60) were determinants of premature membrane rupture.
Conclusions: This study indicated that the aforementioned factors are determinants of premature membrane rupture. Therefore, hospitals need to increasethe proportion of vaginal deliveriesand provide strong advice regarding the complications of abortion. Moreover, early screening, diagnosis, and treatment should be applied for malnutrition, chronic cough, sepsis, and urinary tract infections.
In the Name of God Sustainable Development through Potential Local Resources in the Area of Torud village in the Field ofDigital Currencies (Especially Mining) Using the Strategic Area Assessment Approach
Authors: Momeni Mansour , Nayeri Mahmoud Dehghan , Arabameri Hasan
Published: March 2024

Purpose: Dynamism is the fundamental element in all phenomena in the world. Humans perceive phenomena through "systems concepts" and study their dynamic behaviors over time. One practical method of systems concepts is the Strategic Area Assessment used as a tool for local and regional development. This Strategic Area Assessment the potential facilities specific to a local area with the identification of the most probable strategies for innovation. Therefore, the main purpose of this research is to investigate the application of the SAA method as a case study for sustainable development of the" Torud" region through the mining industry and digital assets (while addressing the issue of electricity shortage resulting from mining).
Research Methodology: In this study, a strategic assessment approach, which is considered one of the soft operations research methods, was used. Within this approach, a wide range of stakeholders is collected, and based on their knowledge, their readiness to pursue new pathways is strengthened. In this research, the five main stages of the SAA have been implemented as follows: a conference consisting of 54 stakeholders and experts in the mining and digital currency industry in Torud village was formed. Also, "Innovation Compass" was used as the main tool of SAA. After identifying the 9 components and 45 sub-components of SAA, and after conducting key questions in the past and present, the final score of each component and sub-component was obtained. These scores are plotted in a "Spider web diagram" to identify strategic priorities for innovation in the mining and digital currency industry, and in the final stage, the identified priorities are used to draw a forward path.
Findings: With the help of the strategic area assessment tool, not only is the problem of electricity shortage for cryptocurrency miners solved, but also by utilizing the region's potential resources (solar energy), electricity becomes more accessible and cost-effective through solar panels. This approach not only results in cost savings but also generates additional income, fostering the sustainable economic development of this region.
Origin/Scientific Added Value: Strategic area assessment, including methods of systems thinking and soft operations research, has been rarely used in Iran, and very limited in research worldwide. Hopefully, this present study will serve as a source for further research, both globally and especially in Iran.
Effect of Irradiation Insecticidal Technology on Microbiome, Physicochemical Properties of Strong-flavor Baijiu Daqu
Authors: Wang Yu , Xue Jiaohao , Qiu Yue , Zhang Xiaopeng , Wang Dan , Chen Xiaoming , Gao Peng , Du Liuquan , Xie Fei , Xia Xiaojun , Liu Qiang , zeng yu
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility of utilizing high-energy electron beam irradiation for insecticidal purposes in Strong-flavor Baijiu Daqu (SBD) and to ascertain the irradiation threshold tolerable by SBD. According to the standard plate counting method, Illumina-MiSeq sequencing method and relevant industry testing standards, the effects of different irradiation doses (0-3.55 kGy) on the microbiome and Physicochemical properties of SBD were determined. Following irradiation, a reduction in the microbial population of SBD was observed, commensurate with the dose administered. However, subsequent to a 3-month storage period, SBD samples subjected to irradiation doses of 1.40 kGy or lower exhibited negligible disparities in physicochemical properties, microbial population, and microbial community structure when compared to non-irradiated counterparts. Conversely, irradiation doses exceeding 1.40 kGy resulted in marginal variations in physicochemical properties while notable discrepancies were noted in microbial abundance and community composition. Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) revealed robust positive correlations between specific microbial taxa (e.g., Acetobacter and liquefaction, Saccharopolyspora and liquefaction, Streptomyces and saccharification, Thermoascus and acidity, Byssochlamys and moisture). Assessment of the efficacy of radiation doses ranging from 0 to 1.40 kGy in pest eradication indicated that a minimum irradiation dose of 0.27 kGy is imperative to prevent pest infestation during a storage duration of up to 120 days. In conclusion, this study proposes an optimal irradiation dosage range for insecticidal purposes in SBD, falling between 0.27 and 1.40 kGy. Additionally, it underscores the potential of high-energy electron beam irradiation as a viable method for quality assurance.
Two Olea europea extracts reduce deleterious effects induced by lead exposure in a model of neurotoxicity: involvement of the endoplasmic reticulum
Authors: Maiuolo Jessica , Bonacci Sonia , Ruga Stefano , Bosco Francesca , Guarnieri Lorenza , Leo Antonio , Citraro Rita , Ragusa Salvatore , Palma Ernesto , Mollace Vincenzo , Sarro Giovambattista
Published: March 2024

Prolonged exposure to lead has been recognized as harmful to human health as it may cause neurotoxic effects including mitochondrial damage, apoptosis, excitotoxicity, and myelin alterations, among others. Numerous data have shown that consuming olive oil and its valuable components could reduce neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration. Olive oil is traditionally obtained from olive trees; this plant (Olea europeaL.) is an evergreen fruit tree belonging to the Oleaceae family and the genus Olea.
In this manuscript two extracts have been used and compared: the extract from the leaves of Olea europea L, Cultivar Coratina (OE), and the extract derived from OE but with a further sonication process (s-OE). Therefore, the objectives of this experimental work were as follows: 1) To generate an innovative extract; 2) To test both extracts on a model of neurotoxicity (human neurons) induced following lead exposure; 3) To study the mechanisms behind lead-induced neurotoxicity.
The results showed that the mechanism involved in the neurotoxicity of lead included dysfunction of the cellular endoplasmic reticulum, which suffered oxidative damage. Moreover, in all experiments, s-OE was 1) more effective than OE, having greater and better effects against lead-induced damage; 2) dissolved in a smaller amount of EtOH which improved its sustainability.
Mathematical model of tumor immune microenvironment with application to the combined therapy targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway and IL-10 cytokine antibody
Authors: Zhang Zixin , Liang Xiyin , Qin Jianyong , Lei Jinzhi
Published: March 2024

The tumor microenvironment constitutes a sophisticated integrated system shaped by the intricate interplay of tumor cells, immune cells, and cytokines. Within this milieu, the dynamics between immune cells and cytokines play a pivotal role in steering the course of tumor growth and evolution. Despite the maturity of clinical tumor immunotherapy systems, there is a notable gap in the comprehensive simulation of tumor immune response processes, particularly in cytokine-centric research. This study delves into the nuanced regulatory interactions among tumor cells, immune cells, and cytokines to address this gap and simulate the intricacies of the tumor immunotherapy process. We establish a comprehensive modeling and computational framework, integrating PD-1 inhibitors and interleukin-10 (IL-10) antibodies. This research offers a detailed mathematical analysis, shedding light on the profound impact of changes in the immune microenvironment on tumor numbers. Our findings underscore a significant therapeutic effect when administering anti-PD-1 medications or IL-10 inhibitors to individuals with tumors. Notably, an increase in the dosage of each drug correlates with a decrease in the quantity of tumors within the patient's body. Furthermore, the exploration of combination therapy demonstrates a remarkable extension of survival, achieved through reduced drug dosages compared to monotherapy. Based on model simulations, we proposed prognostic predictions by measuring the microenvironmental status before treatment. The results provide a promising avenue that could improve treatment efficacy and provide potential benefits to patients receiving tumor immunotherapy.
Effect of pre-acidification and whey proteins on low-fat Mozzarella cheese during storage: physicochemical, textural, and functional properties
Authors: Zhang Deju , Xiong Juan , Jiang Kai , Zhao Xiaorui , Gan Yiming
Published: March 2024

The aim of the current study was to explore the effect of pre-acidification and whey protein-based fat replacers (CH-4560 and YO-8075) on low-fat Mozzarella cheese (LFC). The color and browning, calcium, meltability, texutre and pizza bake performance of cheeses at 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 days storage was determined, and full-fat cheeses (FFC; milk containing 2.21 g fat/100 g milk) and LFC were manufactured as control. The LFC without fat replacer was harder, less sticky, and had high stretch force and low meltability, as well as poor pizza bake and stretch performance, while these appearance defects were partially corrected via the addition of whey protein concentrates and using pre-acidification. Pre-acidification of cheese milk to pH 5.5 or lower negatively affected the stickiness, and pizza bake, and stretch performance of LFC and LFC with fat replacers. As aging progressed, the meltability, stickiness and stretch performance of Mozzarella cheese improved, whereas the hardness and stretch force of Mozzarella cheese decreased. Our study will provide guidance for the preparation of higher quality low-fat mozzarella cheese.
Integrated Fuzzy Decision Tree based Blockchain Federated Safety- as-a-Service for IIoT
Authors: Tripathi Arun Mani , Umrao Lokendra Singh
Published: March 2024

Blockchains are not appropriate for smart appliances because they are expensive to compute, have a lot of overhead bandwidth and cause delays. Improving data delivery, quality, and precision are especially important for ML. The combination of ML and Blockchain technologies make exact outcomes. The IIoT, has quickly been recognized and is attainment huge attention in educational areas with manufacturing, but IoT solitude danger and privacy exposures are emerging by lack of significant security technology. The Blockchain Driven Cyber-Physical system (BDCPS) is supported by IoT-cloud services. In this paper, Integrated Fuzzy Decision Tree based Blockchain Federated Safety-as-a-Service for IIoT (IFDT-BCF-SAS-IIOT) is proposed. In this study, Lightweight Homomorphic Cryptographic Algorithm is run on separate board system. The suggested system uses Delegated Proof of Work Consensus Protocol to resolve problems likes’ lightweight, warehousing transactions, evaporation, and shipment time. The data flow of blockchain is proposed to establish application of integrated fuzzy decision tree to food traceability. The proposed method is executed in Python, performance of proposed technique is analysed with performance metrics like, accuracy, precision, F1-score, recall, specificity, Mean Absolute Error, MSE, RMSE are analyzed.The proposed IFDT-BCF-SAS-IIOT method attains 32.58%, 26.73% and 24.22%, higher Specificity, 23.58%, 20.73%, 19.32% higher precision, 30.18%, 28.66% and 24.32% higher recall, 21.58%, 20.73%, 18.32% lower RMSE analysed with existing techniques like new blockchain federated safety-as-a-service system for IIoT utilizing ML (NBF-SAS-IIOT), IIoT: requirements, architecture, challenges, future research directions (IIOT-SAS-RAC), differential privacy for IIoT: opportunities, applications, challenges (IIOT-SAS-OAC) respectively.
Interspecific interaction network of mites associated with mango trees
Authors: Melo André S. , Paz-Neto Antônio A. , Melo José W.S. , Gondim-Junior Manoel G.C.
Published: March 2024

Direct and indirect ecological interactions, environmental factors, and the phenology of host plants can shape the way mites interact. These relationships interfere with species occurrence and consequently alter the structure and stability of the intraplant community. We evaluated the associations between mite species and mango trees using a complex network approach. Additionally, we observed a correlation between mite population density and plant phenological stage. Environmental variables, such as average monthly temperature, monthly precipitation, and average monthly relative humidity at different times of the year, were used in the correlation analysis. Network analysis revealed that Amblyseius largoensis, Bdella ueckermanni, Parapronematus acaciae, and Tuckerella ornata occupied central positions in the assembly of mites occurring on mango trees. Environmental variables, average monthly temperature, and monthly precipitation were correlated with the occurrence of Brachytydeus formosa, Cisaberoptus kenyae, Oligonychus punicae, T. ornata, and Vilaia pamithus. We also observed a correlation between the plant phenological stage and population densities of Neoseiulus recifenses, O. punicae, P. acaciae, and V. pamithus.
Automated Glaucoma Detection Techniques: an Article Review
Authors: Abdulsalam Wisal Hashim , Ali Rasha H. , Hussien Samera Shams
Published: March 2024

Glaucoma, a vision-threatening disease, poses a serious concern and requires early detection and intervention to avoid irreversible vision loss. Significant advances in automated glaucoma detection techniques have done through the using of machine and deep learning techniques. An overview of these techniques will be provided in the article review. What sets our review apart is its exclusive focus on ML and DL techniques for glaucoma detection using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines for filtering the papers. To achieve this, an advanced search on the Scopus database was conducted, specifically looking at research papers from 2023 with the keywords " Glaucoma AND detection OR machine AND learning OR deep AND learning ". Of the 324 papers found, we carefully selected 21 papers to include in our final review using the advanced query. The review offering valuable insights for clinicians and summarizes the recent techniques used by ML and DL for glaucoma detection, including the algorithms, databases, and evaluation criteria.
Sublethal effects of Oberon Speed® on Phytoseiulus persimilis and Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiiidae) and potential compatibility for integrated management of two-spotted spider mite
Authors: Rezaei Elham , Aramideh Shahram , Michaud J. P. , Mirfakhrae Shahram , Forouzan Maryam
Published: March 2024

The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (TSSM), is an important cosmopolitan pest of horticultural crops that is often managed in greenhouses with a combination of acaricides and augmentation of predatory mites. Here we examined the transgenerational effects of low concentrations of a widely-used acaricide, Oberon Speed® (a combination of spiromesifen and abamactin), on the life history of TSSM and two of its predators, Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot and Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae). The concentrations employed corresponded to the LC10, LC20 and LC30 values calculated for TSSM protonymphs 48 h post-exposure in a topical bioassay, which yielded an LC50 value of 207.2 ppm. Parental exposure of TSSM to all three sublethal concentrations increased the total developmental time of progeny; both the LC20 and LC30 treatments reduced adult longevity and number of oviposition days, but only the LC30 treatment increased the preoviposition period. Similarly, both the LC20 and LC30 treatments significantly reduced life table parameters (r, R0, λ, and GRR), and increased generation time (T) and population doubling time (DT).
Although maternal exposure to the acaricide had various impacts on progeny life history, the life table parameters of A. swirskii were largely unaffected in comparison to those of P. persimilis, suggesting the former species would be more compatible for integration with Oberon Speed® for control of TSSM in greenhouse vegetable production.
Does marrying a man who is the eldest son bring happiness to women? Evidence from Japan
Authors: Sato Kazuma
Published: March 2024

The effect of birth order is an interesting topic in economics. Most studies use data from developed countries to show adverse birth order effects, demonstrating that individuals with higher birth orders are more likely to have lower educational attainment and earnings. Furthermore, many studies have revealed adverse effects on other outcomes, such as health, intelligence, and intergenerational effects; however, no studies have focused on the impact of birth order on other household members, such as spouses. This study assesses the birth order effect on spouses’ “subjective well-being.” In particular, we examine how marriage with the eldest-son affects the wife’s happiness using the Japanese General Social Surveys. Our results reveal four findings. First, the wife marrying the eldest son is less happy than the wife marrying the second or younger son. Second, satisfaction declines in the case of the recent wife’s birth cohort (i.e., the 1970s and onward) and marrying the eldest son with no siblings. Third, married men who are the eldest sons are likelier to believe they are responsible for caring for aging parents and tend to help their parents with housework. Fourth, unlike women who marry the second or younger sons, women marrying men who are the eldest sons have no difference in their preference for work and parenting.
JEL Classification: J12, J13, and I3
Spatial-Spectral Graph Convolutional Network for Automatic Pigment Mapping of Historical Artifacts
Authors: Cao Bei , Messinger David
Published: March 2024

Hyperspectral image classification is a challenging task due to the lack of ground-truth labels and high dimensionality of spectral bands. For hyperspectral image (HSI) data of cultural heritage artifacts, which are generally man-made objects, we typically have much higher spatial resolution posing extra challenges. Aiming to differentiate subtle spectral differences between varied pigments with little manual effort, we propose a Spatial-Spectral Graph Convolutional Network (SSGCN) as a powerful learning framework for realizing automatic pigment mapping. First, we introduce a novel spatial pattern descriptor “Edge Response Map" to extract structural information of a training ROI, upon which a Spatial-Spectral graph is built by incorporating spatial node connections into the spectral-based graph. Then, we infuse the Spatial-Spectral graph into the graph convolutional network and build a SSGCN learning pipeline. We train the network on the training ROI via semi-supervised classification. By aggregating node features in terms of spectral affinity and spatial context, SSGCN is capable of learning the intrinsic community structures in a non-linear way, and thus can be directly applied to another region for pigment mapping without ground-truth labels required. Furthermore, the graph-based nature of the approach empowers the SSGCN with scalability to learn new pigment classes by flexibly extending the current model. The experiments on multiple ROIs in the Selden Map of China demonstrate the strength and advantages of our method. Compared to an adaptive density-weighted KNN graph, the Spatial-Spectral graph is able to better identify spatial patterns. With only 15\% labeled training pixels, the SSGCN achieves mean per-class accuracy above 90\%, obtaining automatic pigment mapping on test ROIs with sub-visual spectral differences well discriminated. In terms of classification accuracy and time complexity, the SSGCN greatly outperforms a 3D CNN architecture, HybridSN, and demonstrates much better inductive learning ability on unseen pixels. The proposed graph-based learning pipeline brings a new prospect for processing large-scale HSI classification/clustering in an intelligent manner, and would aid historians in pigment analysis and codicological studies of artifacts with little manual cost.
Factors Correlating to Women's Involvement in Shared Decision-Making Following Caesarean Sections in Amhara Region Referral Hospitals, Ethiopia, 2023
Authors: SEID Tigist , yazie Wassie
Published: March 2024

Introduction: - "Shared decision-making" refers to a collaborative approach to healthcare that elevates the bar for medical judgments. However, not much research has been done on Ethiopian women's involvement in shared decision-making after cesarean sections.
Objective: Factors correlating to women's involvement in shared decision-making following cesarean sections in Amhara region referral hospitals, Ethiopia, 2023.
Methods: The institutional-based cross-sectional study design was directed amongst participants who underwent a cesarean section at Amhara region referral hospitals from June 1 to 30, 2023. A total of 398 postnatal mothers were included through a systematic random sampling method. The files were composed of a semi-structured interview-guided questionnaire. After checking for completeness, data were coded and entered into EPI INFO version 7 and analyzed using SPSS version 23. Multivariable logistics regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with women's involvement in shared decision-making. Statistical significance was declared at a P-value of < 0.05.
Result: Around, 382 women were included making a response rate of 95.97%. The overall prevalence of mothers' involvement in shared decision-making was (35.3%) with a mean of 3.62 and std. deviation of 2.484. %. respondents who had ANC contact4 and above (AOR=2.046, 95% CI: 1.19, 3.493), having information about shared decisions (AOR=2.34, 95% CI: 1.13, 4.83), and respondents who had information about cesarean section (AOR=7.9, 95% CI: 3.71, 17.19) were factors significantly associated with involvement in shared decision-making.
Conclusion and recommendation: - when compared to other studies, the outcome of these investigations was low participation in decision-making had a significant impact on knowing about shared decisions and knowledge about cesarean sections. Consequently, it is critical to focus on raising women's understanding of shared decision-making to improve patient satisfaction and care quality. Referral hospitals and the Amhara Region health office collaborate to improve collaborative decision-making.
Initial experience for treatment of refractory ureterovaginal fistula using self-expandable metal stent (Allium TM stent): a report of four cases and review of literatures
Authors: An Lizhe , Wang Mingrui , Wang Huanrui , Wang Qi , Xu Kexin , Xu Tao , Hu Hao
Published: March 2024

Objective
To report our initial experience in the treatment of refractory ureterovaginal fistula (UVF) with Allium™ stent, and to review related literatures.
Methods
From May 2019 to June 2021, four patients with refractory UVF were treatment with Allium™ stent in our department. Refractory UVF was defined as failure of previous treatment and the patient was not suitable for open or laparoscopic surgery. The process was described as follows, the affected ureter was dilated with balloon followed by placement of Allium™ stent, the stent was finally removed and stent-free was achieved. The perioperative and follow-up data were reviewed.
Results
UVF of these four patients was developed after gynecological surgery. All patients had received previous treatment, including ureteral reimplantation in one patient and endoscopic treatment in three patients. The mean age of patients was 47 (35–54) years. The mean time from fistula diagnosis to Allium™ stent placement was 8 (4–16) months. The mean operative time was 36 (25–50) minutes. All of four patients was confirmed of ureteral stricture intraoperatively. Leakage of urine was disappeared within two days in all patients. No high grade (MCCS Ⅲ or Ⅳ) complications was occurred postoperatively. The mean indwelling time of Allium™ stent was 17 (12–23) months and the mean stent-free follow-up removal was 9 (1–22) months. No patients developed recurrence of leakage or ureteral stricture.
Conclusions
Our initial results and experience showed that it is safe and feasible to treat refractory UVF with Allium™ stent. The long-term follow-up results still need to be verified.
Reversible, Stable and Uniform SERS in a Y-shaped Microfluidic Chip: Chemical Imaging of Concentration Gradients
Authors: Chauvet Fabien
Published: March 2024

Imaging of chemical composition in microfluidic chips is addressed using Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS). The Y-shaped SERS microfluidic chip used is fabricated by xurography and an electrodeposition method is employed to form a thin nanostructured silver layer over the bottom glass wall of the main microchannel. Used as an immobilized SERS substrate, this layer of silver nanocrystals exhibits an analytical enhancement factor of 5.104 uniformly distributed over its surface (RSD < 7%). These good performances allow the quantitative imaging of transverse diffusion profiles of Crystal Violet (CV) at low concentrations (10-8-10-6 mol/L). The SERS measurement turns out to be reversible at high laser power and this is explained by the thermal desorption of adsorbed CV (photothermal effect). However, too high heating leads to a low amount of adsorbed species and a low SERS signal. This effect is limited by using a fast enough flow inducing a cooling effect. A compromise must be found between laser power and liquid flow rate to enable a reversible and sensitive SERS measurement in the chip. These findings should contribute to the development of imaging, in microfluidic conditions, of the spatiotemporal dynamics of weakly concentrated key molecules involved in chemical, biochemical or biological processes.
Determination the number of food products in closed packages with the help of X-ray imaging and image processing
Authors: GORGULU AHMET , UNLU MEHMET
Published: March 2024

In this research, the determination of the number of products in closed (sealed) and bulk-type packages has been investigated using "X-ray imaging" and "image processing" techniques. A custom image processing program was developed to analyze X-ray images captured at a resolution of 784x1024 pixels. The program assigns numerical values ranging from absolute white to absolute black to each pixel in the image on a scale of 0-255. The number of products that belong to separate groups within each package was calculated by dividing the total grayness value of the group by the average grayness value of a single unit of the product. To minimize fluctuations, we employed moving average grayness values. The grayness values represent the overall intensity or darkness of the pixels in the image. The error rate of the multi-head weighers tested in determining the number of products in closed packages was determined to be 4%, the error rate of the product counting systems was 1.25% and the error rate of the developed X-ray imaging method was 0.25%.
WITHDRAWN: Development of a Bidirectional Charger with Current-Controlled Synchronous Reference Frame Hysteresis Based on Unit Templates
Authors: khali sonia , Khali Fatah
Published: March 2024

The existing distribution networks were not originally designed to accommodate the extensive infrastructure of electric vehicle (EV) charging, potentially leading to power quality (PQ) issues at the point of common coupling (PCC). To address this, a two-mode, unit template-based synchronous reference frame hysteresis current-controlled (SRF-HCC) three-phase Level 2 EV charger is proposed. In the first mode (G2V), the focus is on charging the EV battery from the grid, utilizing current and voltage control techniques to enhance battery life and performance. The second mode (V2G) enables the discharge of the EV's stored energy to the grid, allowing the sale of power to support transient effects on the grid voltage and frequency, thereby enhancing the grid's PQ. The hysteresis current control (HCC) generates switching pulses for both the AC-DC and buck-boost converters. The SRF-based unit template-based control (SRF-UTC) method ensures system stability, voltage, and frequency regulation for power exchange with the grid. The proposed EV charger system consists of a 3-phase bidirectional AC-DC converter, a bidirectional buck-boost converter, and a filter circuit. The system's performance was evaluated through MATLAB/Simulink modeling in two case studies.
A Potential Intervention for Enhancing Gross Motor Function in Children with Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Ibrahim Rasha Atia Kadri
Published: March 2024

The research aimed to investigate the impact of foot reflexology on gross motor skills in children with Cerebral Palsy (CP). The quasi-experimental study was conducted at the Outpatient Neurology Clinic of the Children's Hospital of Alexandria University and the Natural Medicine, Rheumatism, and Medical Rehabilitation Department of El-Shat by in Alexandria. Children (n=70) of age 3-6 years diagnosed with CP were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group using a convenience sample between January to October 2020. They received twice-weekly treatment sessions for eight weeks, each lasting 20 minutes. Only the study group received reflexology treatment. Descriptive and inferential statistics and SPSS software (ver. 28.0) were used to evaluate the data. The current study demonstrated that reflexology treatments improved the children's Gross Motor Function Classification levels. However, the finding also revealed that the difference between the study and control groups was not statistically significant (p= 0.764). According to the current study, children with CP who received reflexology treatment showed a modest improvement in their gross motor abilities.
The Role of Resilience in Entrepreneurial Success: A Qualitative Study of Startup Founders
Authors: Dewi Lutfiana
Published: March 2024

This qualitative study delves into the multifaceted role of resilience in entrepreneurial success, focusing on the experiences and perspectives of startup founders. Through in-depth interviews, the study explores how resilience manifests in the entrepreneurial journey, its impact on decision-making, and strategies employed to navigate challenges. Findings highlight resilience as a critical factor in overcoming setbacks, fostering innovation, and sustaining motivation amidst adversity. Resilience is conceptualized as the ability to bounce back from failures, adapt to change, and persevere in the pursuit of entrepreneurial goals, encompassing cognitive, emotional, and behavioral dimensions. Challenges faced by startup founders include financial constraints, market uncertainties, competition, and personal stressors. Participants employ cognitive and emotional strategies, such as reframing challenges, seeking social support, and practicing mindfulness, to cultivate resilience and sustain motivation. Resilient entrepreneurs exhibit higher levels of persistence, adaptability, and creative problem-solving, positioning them for long-term success in dynamic market environments. The study underscores the importance of fostering resilience skills in aspiring entrepreneurs and integrating resilience-building mechanisms within entrepreneurial ecosystems. Practical implications include the development of resilience-building programs, mentorship initiatives, and support networks tailored to the unique needs of entrepreneurs. Despite limitations such as sample size constraints and reliance on self-reported data, the study contributes to theoretical understanding of resilience in entrepreneurship and informs strategies to support and empower entrepreneurs on their journey towards success in uncertain and challenging environments.
Promoting Disinformation Literacy Among Adults: A Scoping Review of Interventions and Recommendations
Authors: Boler Megan , Gharib Hoda , Trigiani Amanda , Kweon Yoon-Ji , Perry Barbara
Published: March 2024

This scoping review updates scholars, educators, policymakers and the public up-to-date on the state of “disinformation literacy” suited to adult populations. We reviewed articles published between 2016–2022 that report on or provide recommendations for disinformation literacy interventions for adults. We found that intervention formats and evaluation methods were diverse and include course-, web-, or game-based interventions, public events, and visual resources. Studies on evaluated interventions outside of formal education were scarce. Experts recommended teaching about emotion targeting and regulation, algorithmic governance, lateral reading, visual technology, and in interactive formats that account for learners’ needs and context. Finally, we discovered debates around the usefulness of checklists and how to address politically sensitive issues, scepticism, and authority in programming. Future research and programming must attend to the needs of adult populations outside of formal education and draw upon librarians’ integral role in delivering community-based disinformation literacy programming.
The world from within: an investigation into the hard problem of consciousness from the perspective of Bayesian cognitive science
Authors:   , Kuhn Peter
Published: March 2024

This thesis develops a naturalist theory of phenomenal consciousness. In a first step, it is argued on phenomenological grounds that consciousness is a representational state and that explaining consciousness requires a study of the brain’s representational capacities. In a second step, Bayesian cognitive science and predictive processing are introduced as the most promising attempts to understand mental representation to date. Finally, in a third step, the thesis argues that the so-called “hard problem of consciousness” can be resolved if one adopts a form of metaphysical anti-realism that can be motivated in terms of core principles of Bayesian cognitive science.
The Application of Geographic Information System in Analysing the Voting Patterns among Dayak Voters in the Sarawak State Elections of 2016 and 2021
Authors:   Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak, Malaysia, Zaini Farah , Mersat Neilson Ilan ,   Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak, Malaysia, Puyok Arnold ,   Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak, Malaysia
Published: March 2024

Geographic information system (GIS) and election-related research focuses on the geographical characteristics of election boundaries, the election information management system and the application of GIS analysis to election boundaries. This article aims to acquire a deeper understanding of the issues affecting Dayak voters during the state elections of 2016 and 2021, geographically. This study employs three spatial analyses: Thematic Map-Density, Spatial Autocorrelation Moran’s I Index and Hot Spot Analysis (Getis-Ord Gi*). In select constituencies with a Dayak-majority, interviews and observations supplemented the spatial data. This article examines Dayak-majority constituencies’ geographical distribution and spatial concentration in the 2016 and 2021 elections. It demonstrates that there are significant differences in the density of voter participation, majorities obtained by candidates, and total votes cast by the electorate across the state in both state elections, confirming the assertion made by researchers of electoral politics in Sarawak that election issues are primarily location-specific and that understanding the problems faced by communities at the local level is essential. It is anticipated that the outcome of this study will aid in providing a spatial overview and projection of state election results and in strategising the future management of state elections.
Tungkus Asi Sebagai Variasi Lokal Politik Penaungan di Batang Ai Semasa Pilihan Raya Negeri Sarawak 2021
Authors:   Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak, Malaysia, Tutong Anthony , Mersat Neilson Ilan ,   Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak, Malaysia
Published: March 2024

This study explains the role of “tungkus asi” in strengthening the ruling party’s political power during the 2021 Sarawak State Election (SSE21) in Batang Ai. “Tungkus asi” is one of the local variations of patronage politics practised by the Iban at the grassroots level. During the 2016 Sarawak State Election “tungkus asi” played a role in the electoral victory of the candidate from Gabungan Parti Sarawak (GPS). In the SSE21, “tungkus asi” once again propelled the candidate from GPS to victory and thus strengthening the ruling party’s position in Batang Ai. This article looks at how “tungkus asi” was practised and its influence on the electoral support of the Iban towards the candidates. This article was based on a study conducted in Batang Ai which involved observation and interviews with the voters and “tuai rumah”. The study found that “tungkus asi” continued to play a prominent role in galvanising support from the voters. “Tungkus asi” remains relevant in the modern political era as it has become part and parcel of the political process and election among the Iban at the grassroots level. “Tungkus asi” not only consolidates GPS political power, but its practice also helps researchers and observers alike to understand the politics of patronage within the Iban voters.
Conclusion
Authors: Crenshaw Kimberlé , Evans-Winters Venus
Published: March 2024

Conclusion
Quantum droplets with particle imbalance in one-dimensional optical lattices
Authors: Vallès-Muns Jofre , Morera Ivan , Astrakharchik Grigori E. , Juliá-Díaz Bruno
Published: March 2024

We study the formation of particle-imbalanced quantum droplets in a one-dimensional optical lattice containing a binary bosonic mixture at zero temperature. To understand the effects of the imbalance from both the few- and many-body perspectives, we employ density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) simulations and perform the extrapolation to the thermodynamic limit. In contrast to the particle-balanced case, not all bosons are paired, resulting in an interplay between bound states and individual atoms that leads to intriguing phenomena. Quantum droplets manage to sustain a small particle imbalance, resulting in an effective magnetization. However, as the imbalance is further increased, a critical point is eventually crossed, and the droplets start to expel the excess particles while the magnetization in the bulk remains constant. Remarkably, the unpaired particles on top of the quantum droplet effectively form a super Tonks-Girardeau (hard-rod) gas. The expulsion point coincides with the critical density at which the size of the super Tonks-Girardeau gas matches the size of the droplet.
Stochastic field dynamics in models of spontaneous unitarity violation
Authors: Mertens Lotte , Wesseling Matthijs , van Wezel Jasper
Published: March 2024

Objective collapse theories propose a solution to the quantum measurement problem by predicting deviations from Schrödinger’s equation that can be tested experimentally. A class of objective theories based on spontaneous unitarity violation was recently introduced, in which the stochastic field required for obtaining Born’s rule does not depend on the state of the system being measured. Here, we classify possible models for the stochastic field dynamics in theories of spontaneous unitarity violation. We show that for correlated stochastic dynamics, the field must be defined on a closed manifold. In two or more dimensions, it is then always possible to find stochastic dynamics yielding Born’s rule, independent of the state being measured or the correlation time of the stochastic field. We show that the models defined this way are all isomorphic to the definition on a two-sphere, which we propose to be a minimal physical model for the stochastic field in models of spontaneous unitarity violation.