bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a framework for assessing climate risk in water supply and its computation for the Districts of Maharashtra, India
Authors: Kabir Yusuf , Kumar M. Dinesh , Ghodke Anand , Vharkat Balaji , PNA Vaishnavi
Published: November 2024

The paper discusses the development of a composite index for assessing the risks faced by rural communities because of disruptions in water supply caused by natural hazards such as droughts, floods, and landslides. The various parameters considered for developing the three dimensions of the risk index, namely, hazard, exposure, and vulnerability, the rationale for choosing those parameters, and the manner in which these parameters influence them are discussed. The index uses 29 variables: five for hazard, 15 for exposure, and the remaining nine for vulnerability. The variables are natural, physical, socioeconomic, and institutional or policy-related. The quantitative criteria for assigning values for various parameters and the analytical procedure for computing the sub-indices and the final risk index are also discussed. The paper also presents the results of a mapping of climate-induced risk to water supply in 35 districts of the state of Maharashtra in western India, done using district level data on the various parameters concerned, and identifying the district where water supply systems are highly prone to climate-induced risks.
Avaliação do Desempenho da Atenção Primária numa Região de Saúde da Bahia: Programa Previne Brasil
Authors: Lôbo Manuela , Alves Leite Leal Juliana , De Camargo Maria Cristina
Published: November 2024

O ensaio descreve e analisa documentos produzidos pelo Ministério da Saúde entre 2019 e 2020 para o novo modelo de financiamento da Atenção Primária a Saúde (APS), o Programa Previne Brasil- PPB, que é calculado com base em quatro critérios, entre eles, o pagamento por desempenho que depende dos resultados alcançados nos sete indicadores monitorados no trabalho das Equipes de Saúde da Família e Atenção Primária. Buscou-se avaliar o desempenho dos indicadores do PPB no período de 2019 e 2020 na Região de Feira de Santana, Bahia. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, multirreferencial, quali-quanti, a partir de dados secundários, de análise comparativa quadrimestral, de abrangência regional. Selecionados, Amélia Rodrigues, Feira de Santana, Irará, Pé de Serra e São Gonçalo dos Campos. Os critérios de inclusão: cobertura de 100% da atenção básica e municípios que tiveram maior número de casos da COVID-19. A análise documental foi realizada por meio dos Planos: Municipal de Saúde; de Contingência para o enfrentamento da COVID -19 e Protocolos locais. Os dados coletados dos Sistemas de Informação em Saúde para a Atenção Básica, e do Caderno de Monitoramento da Atenção Básica. Os dados foram digitados em Planilha Excel, utilizada a estatística descritiva obtendo-se as frequências absolutas, proporções. Os resultados foram apresentados em tabelas e gráficos. Foram observados diferentes níveis de desempenho nos resultados de cada município para os sete indicadores do PPB. Conclui-se que a cobertura dos indicadores é insatisfatória, destaca-se a importância dos instrumentos de gestão para o planejamento das ações em serviços em saúde.
Palavras-Chave: Atenção Primária em Saúde; Indicadores Básicos de Saúde; Avaliação em Saúde.
Fanzines como aliados na Educação Interdisciplinar em Saúde para Crianças e Adolescentes com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1
Authors: Ferreira Rejane Eleuterio , Santos Juliana Caroline Ferreira dos , Viana Verônica Pinheiro
Published: November 2024

O Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1 é uma doença endócrino-metabólica de maior incidência em crianças e adolescentes com um custo elevado para o sistema público de saúde, sobretudo em pacientes com mau controle metabólico. A educação em saúde interdisciplinar desempenha um papel fundamental no manejo eficaz do diabetes nesse grupo etário, capacitando-os e suas famílias com conhecimentos essenciais sobre dieta, monitoramento glicêmico e estilo de vida saudável.  Nesse sentido, o presente estudo terá como objetivo geral propor a construção de um Fanzine, em colaboração com a equipe multidisciplinar, no contexto de um ambulatório hospitalar, visando a proposição de uma estratégia de educação em saúde destinada a crianças e adolescentes com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1 e como objetivos específicos identificar os temas mais relevantes relacionados à educação em saúde com crianças, adolescentes com diabetes mellitus tipo 1 e seus familiares; apresentar o Fanzine como uma tecnologia educacional com possibilidade de uso na educação em saúde com crianças e adolescentes com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1; e construir um Fanzine, em colaboração com a equipe multidisciplinar, no contexto de um serviço ambulatorial de um hospital pediátrico. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, que tem como cenário o Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira  da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Os participantes da pesquisa serão profissionais do ambulatório de Diabetes do  Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira  que realizam educação em saúde com crianças, adolescentes com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1 junto aos seus familiares e/ou cuidadores. A produção de dados será por meio de grupo focal e os dados passaram por análise temática de conteúdo.
Palavras-Chave: Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1; Educação em Saúde; Crianças e Adolescentes; Equipe Multidisciplinar.
Elucidating the Mechanisms of Astragalus Membranaceus in Colorectal Cancer Patients through Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Wang Shuwei , Tang Jiandong , Li Gan , He Songbing
Published: November 2024

Background:

Astragalus membranaceus has shown positive clinical efficacy
in treating colorectal cancer (CRC).

Objective:

This study aimed to identify the key active components of Astragalus and determine
effective targets of these components in CRC patients.

Methods:

We identified active components of Astragalus membranaceus and differentially
expressed genes in traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database
and The Cancer Genome Atlas. Additionally, the enrichment analysis of differential target
genes (DTGs) was performed using the R-package clusterProfiler. Immunocyte correlation
analysis and non-coding regulatory network construction were performed for
biomarkers using Spearman’s method and NetworkAnalyst. Finally, molecular docking
of biomarkers and their corresponding molecule drugs was done with Autodock Vina
software.

Results:

We identified 20 active components of Astragalus membranaceus and 1 403 target
genes through screening. A total of 2 300 differentially expressed genes, and 3 035
hub genes in CRC were screened. The integration of the target genes with the significantly
differentially expressed genes and Hub genes identified resulted in a total of 86 DTGs.
Subsequently, the results showed 828 enriched GO biological processes, 184 enriched
GO molecular functions, 59 enriched GO cellular components, and 46 enriched
KEGG pathways. We also obtained a total of 143 PPI pairs involving 67 nodes. Additionally,
we constructed 45 mRNA-TF pairs, 101 miRNA-mRNA pairs, and 200 miRNA-
mRNA-TF triplets. Finally, molecular docking was performed for the active component
quercetin with F2 and UGT1A1 and formic acid with FGA, AHSG, and KNG1.

Conclusion:

This study identified the active components of Astragalus membranaceus
and their corresponding targets in CRC. These findings provide robust evidence for precision
drug therapy in patients with CRC.
Molecular Mechanisms of GFAP and PTPRC in Alzheimer's Disease: An Analysis of Neuroinflammatory Response and Progression
Authors: Huang Jingyue , Pang Xinping , Yang Hongmei , Gao Chonghao , Wang Dongxiao , Sun Yue , Taishi Yezi , Pang Chaoyang
Published: November 2024

Introduction:

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurological disorder that progressively
worsens. Although its exact causes are not fully understood, new research indicates that
genes related to non-neuronal cells change significantly with age, playing key roles in AD's pathology.
METHOD: This study focuses on a protein network centered on Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein
(GFAP) and Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type C (PTPRC).

Method:

This study focuses on a protein network centered on Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein
(GFAP) and Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type C (PTPRC).

The Key Findings of this Study Include:

1. A significant correlation was observed between GFAP
and PTPRC expression throughout AD progression, which links closely with clinical phenotypes
and suggests their role in AD pathology. 2. A molecular network centered on GFAP and PTPRC,
including Catenin Beta 1 (CTNNB1) and Integrin Beta 2 (ITGB2), showed distinct changes in interactions,
highlighting its regulatory role in AD. 3. Analysis of GSE5281 data revealed a decline in
the interaction strength within this network, pointing to potential desynchronization as a biomarker
for AD. 4. SVM diagnostic models comparing GFAP expression and coupling values confirmed this
desynchronization, suggesting it worsens with AD progression.

Result:

Based on these findings, it is hypothesized that as AD progresses, the GFAP- and PTPRCcentered
molecular framework undergoes significant changes affecting key biological pathways.
These changes disrupt immune regulation and cellular functions, increasing immune cell activation
and inflammation in the brain. This may impair neuronal communication and synaptic functionality,
exacerbating AD's pathology.

Conclusion:

To verify these findings, Support Vector Machine (SVM) diagnostic models and correlation
analyses were used to examine changes in this network, indicating that its dysregulation significantly
affects AD progression.
Enhanced Detection of Gastrointestinal Malignancies using Machine Learning-Optimized Liquid Biopsy: A Mini Review
Authors: M. Shankar Ganesh , N. Venkateswaramurthy
Published: November 2024

Background:

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers represent some of the most common and lethal malignancies globally, underscoring the urgent need for improved diagnostic strategies. Traditional diagnostic methods, while effective to some degree, are often invasive and unsuit-able for regular screenings.

Objective:

This review article explores integrating machine learning (ML) with liquid biopsy techniques as a revolutionary approach to enhance the detection and monitoring of GI cancers. Liquid biopsies offer a non-invasive alternative for cancer detection through the analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and other biomarkers, which when combined with ML, can significantly improve diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes.

Methods:

We conducted a comprehensive review of recent advancements in liquid biopsy and ML, focusing on their synergistic potential in the early detection of GI cancers. The review addresses the application of next-generation sequencing and digital droplet PCR in enhancing the sensitivity and specificity of liquid biopsies.

Results:

Machine learning algorithms have demonstrated remarkable ability in navigating complex datasets and identifying diagnostically significant patterns in ctDNA and other circu-lating biomarkers. Innovations such as machine learning-enhanced "fragmentomics" and tomographic phase imaging flow cytometry illustrate significant strides in non-invasive cancer diagnostics, offering enhanced detection capabilities with high accuracy

Conclusion:

The integration of ML in liquid biopsy represents a transformative step in the early detection and personalized treatment of GI cancers. Future research should focus on overcoming current limitations, such as the heterogeneity of tumor-derived genetic materials and the standardization of liquid biopsy protocols, to fully realize the potential of this technol-ogy in clinical settings.
Targeting c-Met in Cancer Therapy: Unravelling Structure-activity Relationships and Docking Insights for Enhanced Anticancer Drug Design
Authors: Singh Surbhi , Nigam Vaibhav , Kasana Shivani , Kurmi Balak Das , Gupta Ghanshyam Das , Patel Preeti
Published: November 2024

The c-Met receptor, a pivotal player in oncogenesis and tumor progression, has become a
compelling target for anticancer drug development. This review explores the intricate landscape of
Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) studies and molecular binding analyses performed on c-Met
inhibitors. Through a comprehensive examination of various chemical scaffolds and modifications,
SAR investigations have elucidated critical molecular features essential for the potent inhibition of
c-Met activity. Additionally, molecular docking studies have provided invaluable insights into how
c-Met inhibitors interact with their target receptor, facilitating the rational design of novel compounds
with enhanced efficacy and selectivity. This review highlights key findings from recent
SAR and docking studies, particularly focusing on the structural determinants that govern inhibition
potency and selectivity. Furthermore, the integration of computational methodologies with experimental
approaches has accelerated the discovery and optimization of c-Met inhibitors, fostering the
advancement of promising candidates for clinical applications. Overall, this review underscores the
pivotal role of SAR and molecular docking studies in advancing our understanding of c-Met inhibition
and guiding the rational design of next-generation anticancer agents targeting this pathway.
Triazole scaffold-based DPP-IV Inhibitors for the management of Type-II Diabetes Mellitus: Insight into Molecular Docking and SAR
Authors: Shamim Saniya , Alam Ozair , Jha Mukund , Nazar Shagufi , Mathur Vishal , Ali Shaheen , Iliyas Anam , Chandra Kailash , Jamil Ahmed Shaikh Mohd. Aatif , Naim Mohd. Javed , Parveen Bushra
Published: November 2024

Diabetes mellitus, characterized as a chronic metabolic disorder or a polygenic syndrome;
is increasing at a very fast pace among every group of the population worldwide. It arises
due to the inability of the body to produce enough insulin (the hormone responsible for controlling
blood sugar levels) or inability to utilize the insulin, leading to hyperglycaemic condition, which, if
left uncontrolled gives rise to chronic microvascular and macrovascular complications like retinopathy,
neuropathy, nephropathy, coronary artery disease, cognitive impairment, etc. Several
therapeutic approaches are available for the treatment of diabetes; among which dipeptidyl peptidase
(DPP-IV) inhibitors (gliptins) hold a significant place. DPP-IV is a multifunctional enzyme or
a serine exopeptidase that plays an imperative role in cleaving bioactive molecules. DPP-IV causes
the breakdown of incretin hormone (GLP-1: Glucagon-like peptide 1 and GIP: Glucose-dependent
insulinotropic peptide) that is essential for controlling glycaemic levels in the body. Inhibition of
DPP-IV enzyme (DPP-IV inhibitors: Sitagliptin, Saxagliptin, Linagliptin, Alogliptin) prevents this
breakdown, thereby controlling blood glucose levels and saving the patients from deleterious effects
of prolonged hyperglycaemic conditions. Triazole-based DPP-IV inhibitors are a significant
class of drugs used to treat Type 2 diabetes mellitus in a dose-dependent manner. Clinical trials
have demonstrated their efficacy as monotherapy or in combination with other antidiabetic agents.
This review highlights the molecular docking studies and structure-activity relationship of potential
synthetic derivatives that may act as lead molecules for future drug discovery and yield drug molecules
with enhanced efficacy, potency and reduced toxicity profile.
The Role of Newborn Pulse Oximetry Screening for Detecting Critical Congenital Heart Defects: A Narrative Review
Authors: De Bernardo Giuseppe , Arienzo Maria Rosaria , Barbieri Flavia , Centanni Fabio , Moccia Francesconina , Giordano Maurizio , Buonocore Giuseppe , Perrone Serafina
Published: November 2024

Critical congenital heart diseases are life-threatening, with a high morbidity rate and
mortality among newborns; in fact, a newborn discharged from the hospital with undiagnosed
heart disease may experience severe complications during the initial days or weeks of their life, necessitating
emergency care and even death. Among all kinds of critical congenital heart disease,
coarctation of the aorta is one of the most difficult to diagnose because it only becomes noticeable
a few days after birth, when patients have already been discharged from the hospital. This underlines
the importance of having a reliable diagnostic tool to discover these diseases. The identification
of some of these patients can be achieved through newborn screening with pulse oximetry,
but only a small number are diagnosed.

Hence, the objective of this review was to determine the value of pulse oximetry screening for the
early detection of congenital heart defects in newborns, with a focus on coarctation of the aorta. A
literature search was conducted between December 2023 and February 2024 using four electronic
databases: Pubmed, Google Scholar, Embase, and Scopus to identify studies that evaluated the efficacy
of pre- and post-discharge neonatal ductal saturation monitoring for the diagnosis of critical
congenital heart defects before discharge.

Twenty research studies with a large number of patients, demonstrating moderate sensitivity and
high specificity of pulse oximetry test in detecting critical heart defects, especially coarctation of
the aorta, were selected and analyzed.

Many confirmations have been found of how good the specificity of screening is, reaching an average
value of 99.9% in each study analyzed. The problem still lies in the sensitivity of the screening,
which is not as good as the specificity, never reaching 90% in any of the studies analysed. So,
it is crucial to keep up with efforts to improve the efficacy of the pulse oximetry screening
method.
Unmasking the Hidden Peril: A Case Report of Ankylosing Spondylitis Revealing a Giant Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: Manel Boudoukhane , Ichrak Oueslati , Hiba Bettaieb , Rim Bourguiba , Wiem Helali , Hedi Doggui Mohamed , Syrine Belakhel
Published: November 2024

Background:

Ankylosing Spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease with
both articular and extra-articular features. While cardiovascular involvement in Ankylosing
spondylitis is rare, it can be life-threatening. This condition is typically associated with the HLAB27
antigen and often presents in the advanced stages of the disease.
This case is particularly uncommon as cardiovascular involvement was identified at the time of diagnosis
in a patient who tested negative for HLA-B27.

Case Presentation:

Here, we present an uncommon case of a 37-year-old male with 3 years of
evolving Ankylosing Spondylitis negative for HLA-B27, who was incidentally found to have a
giant aortic aneurysm during cardiovascular screening at the time of his rheumatic disease diagnosis.
The patient underwent surgical intervention using the Tyron-David procedure. Subsequent
post-operative follow-ups revealed satisfactory outcomes without complications,

Conclusion:

Even in the absence of clinical signs, and even in the early stages of Ankylosing
spondylitis, it is necessary to screen for this condition, at least with transthoracic ultrasound. Early
screening ensures prompt treatment, which will save the patient’s life.
Comprehensive Review of Coronary Artery Anatomy Relevant to Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Kesieme Emeka B. , Omoregbee Benjamin , Ngaage Dumbor L. , Danton Mark H.D.
Published: November 2024

In order to perform safe cardiac surgery, a knowledge of applied coronary artery anatomy
and its variants is essential for cardiac surgeons. In normal individuals, the right and the left
coronary arteries arise from the corresponding sinuses of Valsalva within the aortic root. From
the cardiac surgical perspective, the coronary artery is divided into the left main coronary artery,
its branches (the left anterior descending artery and the circumflex artery), and the right coronary
artery. With high-risk cardiac surgeries, including redo procedures, becoming increasingly
performed, abnormal courses and variations of the coronary arteries, if not recognized, can predispose
the patient to avoidable coronary injuries, resulting in adverse outcomes of cardiac surgical
procedures. We aim to describe normal and applied coronary anatomy, common coronary
artery variants previously reported, and their clinical relevance to both adult and paediatric cardiac
surgery.
Unveiling the Complexities: Exploring Mechanisms of Anthracyclineinduced Cardiotoxicity
Authors: Tayal Rohit , Mannan Ashi , Singh Shareen , Dhiman Sonia , Singh Thakur Gurjeet
Published: November 2024

The coexistence of cancer and heart disease, both prominent causes of illness and
death, is further exacerbated by the detrimental impact of chemotherapy. Anthracycline-induced
cardiotoxicity is an unfortunate side effect of highly effective therapy in treating different types
of cancer; it presents a significant challenge for both clinicians and patients due to the considerable
risk of cardiotoxicity. Despite significant progress in understanding these mechanisms, challenges
persist in identifying effective preventive and therapeutic strategies, rendering it a subject
of continued research even after three decades of intensive global investigation. The molecular
targets and signaling pathways explored provide insights for developing targeted therapies, emphasizing
the need for continued research to bridge the gap between preclinical understanding
and clinical applications. This review provides a comprehensive exploration of the intricate
mechanisms underlying anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity, elucidating the interplay of various
signaling pathways leading to adverse cellular events, including cardiotoxicity and death. It highlights
the extensive involvement of pathways associated with oxidative stress, inflammation,
apoptosis, and cellular stress responses, offering insights into potential and unexplored targets
for therapeutic intervention in mitigating anthracycline-induced cardiac complications. A comprehensive
understanding of the interplay between anthracyclines and these complexes signaling
pathways is crucial for developing strategies to prevent or mitigate the associated cardiotoxicity.
Further research is needed to outline the specific contributions of these pathways and identify
potential therapeutic targets to improve the safety and efficacy of anthracycline-based cancer
treatment. Ultimately, advancements in understanding anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity
mechanisms will facilitate the development of more efficacious preventive and treatment approaches,
thereby improving outcomes for cancer patients undergoing anthracycline-based
chemotherapy.
The Efficacy of Two Triple Therapy Regimens and One Quadruple Regimen [Omeprazole, Amoxicillin, Metronidazole with Bismuth] in Eradicating
Helicobacter Pylori in Patients with Peptic Ulcer: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Salehi Amir Mohammad , Ebrahimi Alireza , Hasanzarrini Maryam , Khanlarzadeh Elham , Bahrami Anvar
Published: November 2024

Background:

Helicobacter pylori [H. pylori] infection is the main cause of most PUD;
therefore, the eradication of H. pylori is extremely important in the treatment of PUD. There are
several recommended treatment regimens suggested to eradicate this organism.

Aim:

This study compared the efficacy of three anti-Helicobacter pylori regimens in patients with
dyspepsia or peptic ulcer disease [PUD].

Objective:

The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of three anti-H Pylori treatments
in patients based on C14 urease breath test [C-UBT] results, drug compliance, and adverse effects.

Methods:

This randomized, open-label clinical trial included 136 H. Pylori-infected patients without
prior treatment. Patients were randomly divided into three groups. The OAC group received
20 mg Omeprazole capsules twice a day, two 500 mg Amoxicillin capsules twice a day, and 500
mg Clarithromycin capsules twice a day for 14 days. The OAL group received 20 mg Omeprazole
capsules twice a day, two 500 mg Amoxicillin capsules twice a day, and Levofloxacin 500 mg capsules
twice a day for 14 days. The OAMB group received 20 mg Omeprazole capsules twice a
day, two 500 mg Amoxicillin capsules twice a day, Metronidazole 500mg three times a day, and
Bismuth 240 mg twice a day for 14 days. Evaluation for compliance and drug-related adverse effects
were assessed at the end of two weeks. H. Pylori eradication was evaluated eight weeks after
treatment using the C-UBT.

Results:

A total of 136 patients participated in this study, and their groups were matched based on
age and sex. The results of the C-UBT test showed that the eradication rate of H. Pylori was
82.2%, 91.3%, and 97.3% for the three-drug OAC, OAMB, and OAL treatment regimens, respectively.
Moreover, all the regimens showed high compliance among the patients. Only OAC and
OAL showed a significant difference in the H. Pylori eradication rate, and no superiority was
found between OAMB and OAL or OAC therapies.

Conclusion:

The regime of OAL achieved a satisfactory rate of H. pylori infection eradication
with good tolerance in patients with PUD, without any acute side effects.

Clinical Trial Registration Number:

IRCT201605189014N100.
Mucormycosis and COVID-19: Unraveling the Interplay of Fungal Infection in a Global Health Crisis: An Overview
Authors: Moheb-Alian Ali , Akbari Ali , Nooraei Saghi , Bahrulolum Howra , Farsani Zoheir Mohammadian , Mokhtari Negin , Ebadi Mozhdeh Sadat , Farsani Arezoo Mohammadian , Khatami Seyedmoein , Esmaeili Mohammadmahdi , Keykhaee Zahra , Heydargoy Mohammad Hossein , Rafiei Zahra , Ahmadian Gholamreza
Published: November 2024

The healthcare system has been greatly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, result-ing in an increase in secondary and co-infections among patients. Factors like pulmonary dam-age and weakened immune systems make patients more susceptible to fungal infections. Mu-cormycosis, an opportunistic fungal infection, prospers in environments with limited oxygen, and elevated glucose levels due to conditions such as diabetes and steroid use, as well as in acidic environments from metabolic acidosis and diabetic ketoacidosis, where it demonstrates heightened germination ability. Recognizing these complications is critical to minimize harm to patients. The insights gained from this review can improve our understanding of how fungal infections develop in connection to COVID-19, leading to better predictive algorithms, tailored care plans, enhanced antifungal treatments, quicker diagnostics, and improved management strategies.
Microcrystalline Cellulose Extracted from Tissue Paper and its Comparison to Commercial Microcrystalline Cellulose
Authors: Mehta Himanshu , Tewari Srishti , Gorade Vikrant G. , Chaudhary Babita U. , Pattanaik Jasam , Khilari Vishal , Meshram Rohan C. , Kale Ravindra D.
Published: November 2024

Introduction:

Tissue paper has been utilized to extract Microcrystalline Cellulose
(MCC) using sulphuric acid. The two approaches used for MCC extraction were with NaOH pretreatment
(NaOH-EMC) and without NaOH (EMC).

Method:

The extracted MCC was characterized by FTIR, SEM, TGA, XRD, zeta potential, particle
size, and degree of polymerization and then subsequently compared with the commercially
available MCC(CMC). The particle size of the NaOH-EMC was lesser than the CMC, while the
EMC had a larger size. The values recorded were respectively 1.322, 6.750, and 8.521 μm. The
SEM images also supported the values reported by the particle size analyzer.

Result:

The distribution, however, was staggered for the prepared samples, as against the CMC.
The prepared MCC suspensions were found to be more stable than the CMC based on the recorded
zeta potential. The crystallinity for NaOH-EMC, EMC, and CMC was recorded to be
69.91, 68.59, and 70.89 percent, respectively, and the observations were not significantly different.

Conclusion:

The degree of polymerization of NaOH-EMC and EMC was 129 and 94, which
was 189 lower than that of CMC, having the value of 178. The study successfully reports the
extraction of MCC from the tissue paper as an alternative source.
Nanocarrier Delivery of Cisplatin and its Patent Studies
Authors: Kumar Mohit , Sharma Shikha , Bhatnagar Payal , Tejaswi  , Banik Bimal Krishna
Published: November 2024

Cisplatin, also known as cis-(diammine) dichloridoplatinum (II) or CDDP, is frequently
used as first-line chemotherapy in head, neck, and lung malignancies. It can be given as a single
agent or in conjunction with radiation therapy and/or other anti-cancer chemotherapeutic agents.
Now, experiences based on PEGylated liposome-based nano-formulations AroplatinTM, LipoplatinTM,
and SPI-077 are undergoing clinical trials. These cisplatin drug delivery systems resolve issues
like poor solubility in water, drug resistance, and toxicity by using nanocarrier systems. The
above-cited nano-delivery technologies for cisplatin have been extensively described in numerous
pieces of literature existing in various databases. Essentially, this evaluation gives a severe focus
on newer information, invented news, and up-to-date articles regarding various carrier systems for
CDDP and the newer patents of this drug formulation.
A New Augmentation Strategy against Depression Combining SSRIs and the N-terminal Fragment of Galanin (1-15)
Authors: Flores-Burgess Antonio , Millon Carmelo , Cantero-Garcia Noelia , Pineda-Gomez Juan Pedro , Flores-Gomez Marta , Diaz-Cabiale Zaida
Published: November 2024

Depression is one of the most disabling mental disorders, with the second highest social
burden; its prevalence has grown by more than 27% in recent years, affecting 246 million in 2021. Despite
the wide range of antidepressants available, more than 50% of patients show treatment-resistant
depression. In this review, we summarized the progress in developing a new augmentation strategy
based on combining the N-terminal fragment of Galanin (1-15) and SSRI-type antidepressants in animal
models.
The influence of cooperative learning strategy on social studies pre-service teachers’ attitudes towards cybercrime prevention
Authors: Omojemite Matthew Damilola , Cishe Elphina Nomabandla
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the influence of cooperative learning strategy on Social Studies pre-service teachers' attitudes toward cybercrime prevention. The study employed a quasi-experimental research design of the pre-test, post-test, and control group design. The population comprised pre-service teachers enrolled in Social Studies education departments across three universities in the Southwest region of Nigeria. A multistage sampling procedure was employed, selecting intact classes from each university. The research utilized a comprehensive set of instruments, including the Cooperative Learning Strategy Guide and Lecture Note (CLSG), Conventional Method Guide and Lecture Note (CMG), and Attitude to Cybercrime Prevention Scale (ACPS). Data analysis was conducted using descriptive and inferential statistics. All Hypotheses were tested at a significance level of 0.05. The findings showed that using cooperative learning strategies positively affects Social Studies pre-service teachers' attitudes toward cybercrime prevention. This approach encourages active engagement, collaboration, group discussions, problem-solving, and sharing learning experiences. These results revealed the necessity for tailored approaches to address attitude change effectively. Integrating cooperative learning strategies into higher education can help pre-service teachers take a proactive approach to cybercrime prevention. This will improve their knowledge and skills while promoting a safer digital learning environment for students.
Parenting and production of anxiety on social media: Analysis of parenting on Instagram @parentalk.id
Authors: Machmiyah Siti , Udasmoro Wening , Noviani Ratna
Published: November 2024

This article discusses the phenomena parenting of the anxiety production constructed by @parentalk.id as a result of interacting with parenting social media accounts. In the digital era, social media has become a primary source of information for many parents seeking guidance and support in raising their children. However, the content often emphasizes ideal standards of parenting that can trigger feelings of anxiety among parents. This study uses a qualitative approach with critical multimodal discourse analysis of the Instagram social media account @parentalk.id. The research findings show that the Instagram account @parentalk.id generates anxiety among parents through its content, which portrays ideal parenting standards. The account acts as a "regime" that limits parents' freedom, guiding them towards the account's constructed ideas of ideal parenting. The account also shapes the parenting narrative by disciplining the parents themselves. Uncertainty in modernity is also used as a tool to produce anxiety in parenting. Additionally, the study found that child health is a key content theme that can trigger anxiety among parents.
Sex-Specific Trends in the Prevalence of Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis From 2005 to 2021 in South Korea: Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Park Seoyoung , Son Yejun , Lee Hyeri , Lee Hayeon , Lee Jinseok , Kang Jiseung , Smith Lee , Rahmati Masoud , Dragioti Elena , Tully Mark A , Fond Guillaume , Boyer Laurent , Lee Jun Hyuk , Pizzol Damiano , Park Jaeyu , Woo Selin , Yon Dong Keon
Published: November 2024

Background

Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are prevalent chronic joint disorders, with prevalence rates varying by sex. However, few studies have comprehensively documented the factors contributing to the sex-specific prevalence of osteoarthritis and RA, including sociological factors and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective

This study aims to identify long-term trends in the sex-specific prevalence of osteoarthritis and RA from 2005 to 2021 while examining the factors that serve as vulnerabilities specific to each sex within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

Data were collected from a nationally representative sample of 110,225 individuals through the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2005 to 2021. The study included patients aged 19 years and older diagnosed with osteoarthritis or RA in South Korea. Data were analyzed using weighted trends to accurately represent the sample population, with a 95% CI. Weighted logistic and regression models were used to identify vulnerable groups at risk of osteoarthritis or RA during the pandemic to assess sex-specific trends.

Results

In total, 110,225 individuals (n=48,410, 43.92% male participants) were analyzed from 2005 to 2021, with prevalence rates remaining stable over time and higher in female than in male participants. Notably, during the pandemic, female participants aged 60 years and older exhibited a prevalence of osteoarthritis that was 4.92 times greater than male participants and a prevalence of RA that was 6.44 times greater (osteoarthritis: prevalence ratio [PR] 69.78, 95% CI 41.66-116.88; RA: PR 17.27, 95% CI 8.75-34.07). In terms of osteoarthritis, male participants did not show a significant association with BMI (PR 1.40, 95% CI 1.21-1.61; P=.47), whereas female participants exhibited a significantly higher vulnerability within the obese group (PR 1.68, 95% CI 1.55-1.83; P<.001). Regarding RA, lower education levels were associated with increased vulnerability, with male participants showing a greater risk than female participants (male participants: PR 2.29, 95% CI 1.61-3.27 and female participants: PR 1.50, 95% CI 1.23-1.84).

Conclusions

This study reveals that women in South Korea have a higher prevalence of osteoarthritis and RA than men. Understanding these sex-specific trends and identifying vulnerability factors can enhance preventive efforts and patient care.
Effectiveness of Self-Management Programs Among Athletes With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: Protocol for a Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Masoudi Ameen , Chemane Nomzamo , Useh Ushotanefe , Bello Bashir , Magida Nontembiso
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Patellofemoral pain syndrome is a highly prevalent overuse knee injury in athletic populations associated with pain and functional limitations, exacerbated by activities such as running, pivoting, cycling, and jumping. Self-management programs empowering athletes to take an active role in controlling their symptoms for chronic musculoskeletal conditions such as patellofemoral pain syndrome have grown in popularity. However, the efficacy of self-management programs specifically for athletes with patellofemoral pain syndrome is unclear due to limited and heterogeneous evidence.

OBJECTIVE

The systematic review study will evaluate the effectiveness of self-management programs on pain and function, in athletes with patellofemoral pain syndrome.

METHODS

PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), and PsycINFO databases will be systematically searched using terms related to “patellofemoral pain syndrome,” “self-management,” and “athletes.” Interventional studies that are randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials will be included, comparing self-management programs to other treatments or control conditions among athletes with patellofemoral pain syndrome. Four reviewers will independently screen studies, extract data using the COVIDENCE software, and assess the quality of the study and evidence using the Pedro scale of risk of bias tool and GRADE approach, respectively. If feasible, a meta-analysis will be performed using the RevMan (version 5.4; the Cochrane Collaboration).

RESULTS

The systematic review is currently in the search phase, with the authors refining search strings for the selected databases. The final search strings are expected to be ready by March 2024, and the review is projected to be completed by July 2024.

CONCLUSIONS

This systematic review protocol outlines a rigorous methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of self-management programs among athletes with patellofemoral pain syndrome. The findings will inform clinical practice and guide the development of tailored interventions to optimize outcomes for athletes with patellofemoral pain syndrome.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO CRD42023492746; https://tinyurl.com/c5jze9ca

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/58340
Efficacy of a Wearable Activity Tracker With Step-by-Step Goal-Setting on Older Adults’ Physical Activity and Sarcopenia Indicators: Clustered Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Ho Mu-Hsing , Peng Chi-Yuan , Liao Yung , Yen Hsin-Yen
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Smart wearable technology has potential benefits for promoting physical activity and preventing sarcopenia.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to explore the efficacy of a wearable activity tracker with 2-stage goal-setting for daily steps on older adults’ physical activity and sarcopenia indicators.

METHODS

The study used a clustered trial design and was conducted in March to June 2022. Participants were community-dwelling adults older than 60 years who were recruited from 4 community centers in Taipei City. The intervention was designed with 2-stage goals set to 5000 steps/day in the first 4 weeks and 7500 steps/day in the final 4 weeks while wearing a commercial wearable activity tracker. Data were collected by self-reported questionnaires, a body composition analyzer, a handle grip tester, and 5 sit-to-stand tests.

RESULTS

All 27 participants in the experimental group and 31 participants in the control group completed the 8-week intervention. Total and light-intensity physical activities, skeletal muscle index, and muscle strength increased, while sedentary time, BMI, and the waist circumference of participants decreased in the experimental group, with significant group-by-time interactions compared to the control group.

CONCLUSIONS

A wearable activity tracker with gradual goal-setting is an efficient approach to improve older adults’ physical activity and sarcopenia indicators. Smart wearable products with behavioral change techniques are recommended to prevent sarcopenia in older adult populations.
Empowering Healthcare Actors to Contribute to the Implementation of Health Data Integration Platforms: A Retrospective of the medEmotion Project (Preprint)
Authors: Parciak Marcel , Pierlet Noëlla , Peeters Liesbet M
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Health data integration platforms are vital to drive collaborative, interdisciplinary medical research projects. Developing such a platform requires input from different stakeholders. Managing these stakeholders and steering platform development is challenging, misaligning the platform to the partners’ strategies might lead to a low acceptance of the final platform.

OBJECTIVE

We present the medEmotion project, a collaborative effort between seven partners from healthcare, academia and industry to develop a health data integration platform for the region of Limburg in Belgium. We focus on the development process and stakeholder engagement, aiming to give practical advice for similar future efforts based on our reflections on medEmotion.

METHODS

We introduce Personas to paraphrase different roles that stakeholders take and Demonstrators that summarise personas’ requirements with respect to the platform. Both the personas and the demonstrators serve two purposes. First, they are used to define technical requirements for the medEmotion platform. Second, they represent a communication vehicle that simplifies discussions between all stakeholders.

RESULTS

Based on the personas and demonstrators, we present the medEmotion platform based on components from the Microsoft Azure cloud. The demonstrators serve as use cases that showcase the utility of the platform. We reflect on the development process of medEmotion and distil takeaway messages that will be helpful for future projects.

CONCLUSIONS

Investing in community building, stakeholder engagement, and education is vital to building an ecosystem for a health data integration platform. Instead of academic-led projects, the healthcare providers themselves ideally drive collaboration among healthcare providers. The providers are best positioned to address hospital-specific requirements, while academics take a neutral mediator role. This also includes the Ideation Phase, where it is vital to ensure the involvement of all stakeholders. Finally, balancing innovation with implementation is key to developing an innovative yet sustainable health data integration platform.
Relationship Between Attachment Anxiety and Attachment Avoidance, Mentalization Ability, and Various Digital Addictions: A Cross-Sectional Study Among University Students (Preprint)
Authors: Jasper Lara , Bischoff Henrik , Eichenberg Christiane
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

The increasing prevalence of digital media has led to a rise in behavioral addictions, such as smartphone and social media addiction. Previous research suggests that insecure attachment styles (attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance) play a role in the development of these addictions. However, the significance of mentalization ability, the capacity to recognize and interpret one's own and others' mental states, has not yet been thoroughly explored.

OBJECTIVE

This study examines the relationship between attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance, mentalization ability, and digital addictions among students in Germany and Austria. Specifically, it analyzes whether mentalization ability moderates the relationship between attachment insecurities and digital addictions.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study was conducted with N = 324 students from Germany and Austria. Participants completed questionnaires assessing their attachment style (ECR-RD), mentalization ability (MZQ-6), and forms of digital addiction (smartphone, social media). Multiple regression analyses were used to explore the relationships between these variables

RESULTS

The results show that attachment anxiety is a significant predictor of digital addiction, particularly social media addiction. Attachment avoidance also showed significant, albeit weaker, associations. Mentalization ability was found to moderate the relationship between attachment avoidance and social media addiction, indicating a complex interaction.

CONCLUSIONS

This study enhances the understanding of digital addictions by highlighting the role of mentalization ability. The findings underscore the importance of considering both attachment styles and mentalization skills in prevention and treatment strategies. Future research should explore therapies that integrate attachment and mentalization-based approaches to treat digital addictions in a more targeted way.
Corpus-Based Study of Amplifiers in Academic Writing of Chinese EFL Learners
Authors: Yueming Li
Published: November 2024

This research aims to analyse the use of amplifiers in academic writing of Chinese EFL (English as a Foreign Language) learners with a comparison to that of native speakers. By analysing the frequency and features of amplifiers in Louvain Corpus of Native English Essays and Ten-thousand English Compositions of Chinese Learners, it is noticeable that Chinese EFL learners’ limited variety of vocabulary might lead to the high frequency of certain amplifiers. Pedagogically, raising learners’ awareness on the inappropriate use of amplifiers in academic writing is a necessity. The instruction on using intensifying adverbs authentically should be emphasized in Chinese EFL classes.
A Comparative Examination of Machine Learning Algorithms for Predicting Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Chawarekar Amit
Published: November 2024

Over the previous few years, India’s heart disease incidence has varied between 1.2% and 13.2% in urban areas and 1.6% and 7.4% in rural areas. India would probably have more CVD deaths in 2020 which is 4.77 million compared to 2.26 million in 1990. Worldwide, 200 million individuals are estimated to be affected by heart disease. Heart disease affects over 110 million men and 80 million women globally. This study explores the use of machine learning (ML) with various models and data to predict cardiovascular illness with the goal of improving accuracy. Clinician parameters, lifestyle indicators, and demographic data are used to train and assess an assortment of machine learning methods, including Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machines, Random Forests, Decision Trees, and Naive Bayes.
Big Data in Cloud Computing
Authors: Totade Prof. Mrs. Sunita K.
Published: November 2024

The convergence of Big Data and cloud computing has revolutionized the way organizations process, store, and analyze large datasets. This paper explores the synergistic relationship between these two transformative technologies, highlighting their impact on business operations, decision-making, and innovation. By leveraging cloud platforms, enterprises can harness the scalability, flexibility, and cost-efficiency of distributed computing to manage vast volumes of data generated from diverse sources. Cloud-based big data analytics enables real-time insights, which drive strategic actions, improve customer experiences, and foster competitive advantages. The research delves into key cloud architectures, data management techniques, and analytics tools that underpin big data solutions, while addressing challenges such as data security, privacy, and compliance. Furthermore, the study reviews industry use cases across various sectors, illustrating how big data in cloud environments enhances productivity and innovation. The findings underscore the pivotal role of cloud computing in unlocking the full potential of big data, offering a roadmap for businesses aiming to capitalize on data-driven strategies.
Estimation of Damage Degree of Buildings in Earthquakes by Statistical Modeling Method
Authors: Tamrazyan A. G. , Matseevich T. A.
Published: November 2024

A new approach to assessing the degree of damage to buildings during earthquakes using statistical modeling is proposed. Using the Monte Carlo method, synthetic databases with specified statistical characteristics of damageability of reinforced concrete frame buildings were obtained. After transforming the elements of these databases, new statistical characteristics of damageability were obtained with variation coefficient values less than 0.30. The research results can be used to determine the seismic load calculation through the permissible damage coefficient.