bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evolution of environmental considerations in efficiency evaluation
Authors:   Ural State Mining University, Ignat’eva Margarita Nikolaevna , Pustokhina Nataliya Georgievna ,   Ural State Mining University, Strovskiy Vladimir Evgen’evich ,   Ural State Mining University, KOMAROVA Oksana Gennad’evna ,   Ural State Mining University
Published: February 2023

Relevance. The making of any investment decision requires an economic justification, an assessment of efficiency. The reliability of the assessment result requires taking into account social and environmental factors, which makes it relevant to study the evolution of this process. The purpose of the research – identification of stages in the development of the theory of efficiency from the standpoint of taking into account the environmental factor. Research methodology – logical analysis, comparisons, analogy method, systematic approach. Research results. The study identified four stages in the development of efficiency theory. The first stage, from the 1920s until the mid-1970s, is characterized by an economic approach to assessing the efficiency in the production sector. The second stage, from the mid-1970s until the early 1990s, is distinguished by the emergence of an ecological-economic approach in terms of environmental activities of research on accounting for social and environmental consequences that cause the formation of economic damage. The third stage, from the beginning of the 1990-s until the first decade of the twenty-first century, is distinguished by the appearance of methodological recommendations for evaluating the efficiency of investment projects in market conditions. The assessment of the economic result is detailed, and the consideration of social and economic factors continues to remain formal. Evaluation of the efficiency of environmental protection measures is reflected in the materials of researchers and authors. During the fourth stage, from the first decade of the XXI century to the present, appears an ecosystem approach to assessing environmental indicators, taking into account the economic damage that occurs when ecosystems are disturbed, which leads to a deterioration in their functioning, a decrease in the flow of ecosystem functions. Conclusions. In order to obtain a more reliable result of the assessment of efficiency, it is necessary to pay more attention to the consideration of environmental and social consequences in the context of production activities, and in the implementation of environmental activities, it is necessary to more accurately assess the preventable economic damage using the ecosystem approach.
Saving energy resources: limiting consumption or energy efficiency?
Authors:   The Institute of Regional Economic Research, Poletaev Ilʹya Yurʹevich
Published: February 2023

The relevance of the research is due to the need to improve measures to reduce the energy intensity of the world economy in the context of the exacerbation of the global energy crisis. The problem of saving all types of energy and the efficiency of using fossil fuels in the current situation for most countries of the world is a key one. The purpose of this research is to determine the promising actions of the Russian Federation to reduce the energy intensity of the state economy. The main research method is the analysis of the list of steps taken by the countries of the European Union in the face of a possible restriction or 100% cessation of gas and oil supplies from Russia. Particular attention is drawn to the fact that the current situation in the world economic community is a unique chance for Russia, which has practically unlimited reserves of natural resources: without spending a huge amount of financial resources and time, not only to systematically implement the planned activities on energy saving and energy efficiency, but also to keep statistics, analyze the actions and results of the countries of the European Union and others in this direction. The results of the research showed the need and possibility of monitoring and analyzing the results of measures taken to improve energy efficiency in other countries, which will avoid resource-intensive solutions and build more efficient and sustainable energy systems that increase the well-being of the Russian population. The conclusion formulated by the author suggests that borrowing advanced and proven technologies will allow Russia to be ready and able to adapt to the current situation, as well as avoid the mistakes made by the countries of the European Union on the way to reducing the use of energy resources.
Crustal waveguides of sedimentary deposits and conditions for their operation
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Revinskiy Yuriy Alekseevich , Sharova Tat’yana Viktorovna ,   Southern Federal University
Published: February 2023

The relevance of the article is determined by the need to develop the theory of crustal waveguides as a new look at the processes of formation of various hydrocarbon deposits. The purpose – identification of new structures – crustal waveguides – active fluid-saturated zones, within which certain types of traps for hydrocarbons can be formed. Research methods. The article analyzes literature sources that consider the phenomenon of oil formation as a result of the evolution of fluid-saturated zones of crustal waveguides and data from X-ray diffraction and electron microscopic analyzes of layered silicates. Results. The conditions for the operation of crustal waveguides are considered from the standpoint of the presence of free matter, methods of its delivery and energy sources, and features of the formation of their structure. The data of studies of the mineral composition of the rocks of the North-Tazovskaya depression of Western Siberia and the features of their hydrothermal-metasomatic alterations are presented. Minerals and their parageneses have been established, indicating the presence of hydrothermal processes accompanying crustal waveguides. The article argues that the processes of alteration of host rocks in various zones of crustal waveguides lead to the formation of special hydrocarbon traps of an unconventional type, established for deep Jurassic and pre-Jurassic deposits in the north of Western Siberia. The theory of crustal waveguides makes it possible to find the relationship between the formation of oil and gas fields and the geoenergetic aspects of the problem of the removal of intraterrestrial heat in various forms, the main of which is hydrothermal activity. The conclusions summarize the main provisions of the theory of crustal waveguides of sedimentary deposits, the conditions for their operation. The necessary conditions are: the presence of free matter in deep zones, energy sources of self-oscillations of the sedimentary strata and deep faults containing them as a result of unloading the stress field of a special kind, taking into account the depths of their formation. Conclusions are also drawn about the mineral composition of hydrothermal solutions associated with crustal waveguides, which affect host rocks and lead to the formation of a new type of metasomatic traps for hydrocarbons.
INFECTION CONTROL PROTOCOLS IN SPECIALIST DENTAL CENTRE AT SAUDI ARABIA. A NEWAPPRESIAL
Authors: Abdulmohsen Alyousif Mohammed , Bassam Alshobaki Abdullah , Khalid Alsuayri Sultan , Alyousif Lina , Mittal Gaurav
Published: February 2023

Context Although the principles of infection prevention and control remain unchanged, new technologies,materials, equipment and updated data require continuous evaluation of current infection control practicesandcontinuouseducationfor theoralhealthteam. Scope This policy statement provides the basic principles of infection prevention and control. More detailedinformationcanbefound inthe referencesandinrelevant legislation. Definitions Infection prevention and control (IPC): scientific approach and practical solution designed topreventharmcausedby infectiontopatientsand healthworkers. Standardprecautions:Guidelinesforthepreventionoftransmittablediseasesincludingnosocomialinfection.Standardprecautionscombineuniversalprecautionsandbody-substanceprecautionsforallpatientsregardlessof diagnosisor possible infectiousstatus. Principles It is the responsibility of dentists to establish a protocol that prevents or limits the spread ofinfectionindentalpracticefortheirpatients,theirstaffandthem-selves.Thiscanbeaccomplishedbyfollowingthe recommendedinfectioncontrolworkpractice procedures. PolicyFDIsupportsthefollowingstatements: Recommendations,guidelinesandregulationsshouldbedevelopedinconsultationwiththedentalprofession. â€¢ Recommendations, guidelines and laws affecting standard precautions required of dental practices must beevidence-based or based on international best practices and receive adequate financial compensation for theadditionalcoststhatareincurred. â€¢ Local/regional dental associations should educate the public on the importance of proper infection controlin the dental office, the effectiveness of such recommended procedures and consequently the absence of asignificant riskofcontractingtransmittable diseasesthrough theprovisionofdentalcare. â€¢ Dentaleducatorsmustincorporatecurrentinfectionpreventionandcontrolrecommendationsinhealthcare settings into the curriculum and during clinical activities. This should include a blame-free criticalincidentreportingandlearningsystem.
ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY DETECTION OF HEAVY METALS (COPPER AND LEAD) IN DIFFERENT VEGETABLES OF DISTRICT GORAKHPUR, U. P. INDIA
Authors:   Department of Zoology, C. M. Science College, Darbhanga, Bihar., Agrahari Pooja , Pandey Lokpriy ,   M.Sc Final Year Students (2017)- Department of Environmental Science, D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, U.P.-273009, India., Kumar Susheel ,   M.Sc Final Year Students (2017)- Department of Environmental Science, D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, U.P.-273009, India., Kumar Manoj ,   M.Sc Final Year Students (2017)- Department of Environmental Science, D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, U.P.-273009, India., Singh V. K. ,   Malacology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, U.P.- 273009, India., Singh D. K. ,   Malacology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, U.P.- 273009, India.
Published: February 2023

Vegetables are very important in the human diet because it provide many nutrients for our body. Different types of industrial effluents, chemical fertilizers, municipal waste, and pesticides have resulted in heavy metal accumulation in soil and ultimately in vegetables. Exposure to heavy metals by the consumption of contaminated vegetables and its toxicity is a serious concern for human/animal. This present study reveals the heavy metal accumulation in different vegetables. The bioaccumulation of lead was higher in mustard leaf (0.435 mg/kg) and spinach leaf (0.593 mg/kg) of Gida and spinach leaf (0.605 mg/kg) of Nausad. The bioaccumulation of Copper in potato (1.743 mg/kg) was higher in Nausad, whereas in spinach leaf higher value was found in Taramandal (2.410) and Mohaddipur (2.214 mg/kg). These contaminated vegetables could be hazardous to human beings and their health. Furthermore, strategy and policy should be devised to control the heavy metals in vegetables and those vegetables that are hyper-accumulators of heavy metals should be identified for awareness purposes.
AUTHORITY OF NOTARY IN MAKING RECOGNITION DEED OF A CHILD BORN OUT OF WEDLOCK(DETERMINATION ANALYSIS OF NUMBER: 36/PDT.P/2018/PN BMS)
Authors:   Master Student,FacultyofLaw, JenderalSoedirmanUniversity, Indonesia., Ester Rini Angela , Lisiani Prihatinah Tri ,   Associate Professor, FacultyofLaw, JenderalSoedirmanUniversity, Indonesia., a Sulistyandari ,   Senior Lecturer, FacultyofLaw, JenderalSoedirmanUniversity, Indonesia., Wahyu Handayani Sri ,   Senior Lecturer, FacultyofLaw, JenderalSoedirmanUniversity, Indonesia.
Published: February 2023

Law number 2 of 2014 concerning the Office of a Notary states that a notary has the authority to make authentic deeds. In addition, Article 281 of the Indonesian Civil Code states that the recognition of an illegitimate child can be made in the form of an authentic deed. These two rules are interconnected so that an interpretation arises that a notary has the authority to make a deed of recognition of children out of wedlock. However, this does not necessarily mean that the deed of recognition of children out of wedlock by a notary can be registered directly to Department of Population and Civil Registration. Based on the stipulation number 36/Pdt.P/2018/PN Bms, the Department of Population and Civil Registration rejected the deed of recognition of illegitimate children made by a notary and required a court order. Denial of the Department of Population and Civil Registration on this matter makes the notarys authority in terms of making a deed of recognition of children out of wedlock becomes blurred. The purpose of this study is to analyze the authority of a notary in making a deed of recognition of children out of wedlock. The research method used is normative juridical, using secondary data obtained from library research which includes primary, secondary, and tertiary legal sources. The implementation of the theory of authority affects the authority of a notary in making authentic deeds, especially the recognition of children out of wedlock. Meanwhile, the meaning of an authentic deed is a deed made by an authorized official, but the authority to make an authentic deed is not only in the notary.
QUALITY CONTROL MANAGEMENT ISSUES OF ROUTINE COAGULATION TEST IN A LOW-INCOME COUNTRY (MADAGASCAR)
Authors:   Department of Medical biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antananarivo, Madagascar., Niry Manantsoa S. , Andriamampihonona J. ,   Faculty of Medicine, University of Toamasina, Madagascar., Rakotonjafiniarivo F.H ,   Department of Medical biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antananarivo, Madagascar., Rasamoelina A. ,   Faculty of Sciences, University of Antananarivo, Madagascar., Raheritiana T.M ,   Department of Medical biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antananarivo, Madagascar., Rakotovao A.L ,   Department of Medical biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antananarivo, Madagascar., Rasolonjatovo JDLC ,   Faculty of Medicine, University of Toamasina, Madagascar., Rakoto Alson A.O ,   Department of Medical biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antananarivo, Madagascar.
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Reliability of biological assays results depends closely on the quality of the 3 biological stages: pre-analytical, analytical, and post-analytical. In each stage, a quality program including internal quality control (IQC) and external quality assurance (EQA) has to be assessed to ensure test result accuracy and precision. The coagulation laboratory plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of people with blood disorders, so though several lack of facilities in Malagasy labs, QC has to be implemented. Thus, this study aimed to analyze IQC and EQA in hemostasis tests in the Hematology laboratory of the CHU-HJRA in Antananarivo Madagascar in order to improve its analytical phases quality. Methods: This retrospective descriptive and analytical study was conducted from January 1st, to October 31st, 2021 in the Hematology laboratory of CHU-JRA within the routine coagulation tests (Prothrombin time PT and Activated partial prothrombin time aPTT). Regarding the EQA, percentage of deviation from the peer groups results were calculated. Then in order to analyze IQCs results, coefficient of variation and biases of IQCs results, corresponding respectively to precision and accuracy, were calculated and Levey-Jennings graphs were analyzed. Results: Regarding global results of EQA, 50% were within consensus compared to peer-group. And regarding IQC, for precision, one coefficient of variation for both PT and aPTT exceeded 5%, and for accuracy, no bias exceeds 10% deviation from the expected result. Levey-Jenningss plot showed more than 90% of the results to be within MÂ±2 SD range. A violation 10x Westgard rules, corresponding to a systematic error was observed. Conclusion: Each out-of-control results has to be analyzed as part of strengthening quality program guaranteeing coagulation tests reliability.
STUDY OF METABOLIC SYNDROME AND DIABETES MELLITUS AMONG ISCHEMIC STROKE PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY HOSPITAL, NORTHERN KARNATAKA
Authors:   Post Graduate, Depaerment Of General Medicine Mahadevappa Rampure Medical College, Kalaburagi-585105., Parvez Shaik , Konin Bharat ,   DM (Nuerologist), MD (General Medicine) Hod & Professor Of Department Of General Medicine Mahadevappa Rampure Medical College, Kalaburagi.
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Stroke is significant global health problem and major cause of mortality and morbidity in developed countries and increasingly in low-middle income countries. In 2016, Global Burden of Disease project estimated the number of incident cases of stroke in India to be 1,175,778 and number of deaths due to stroke to be 9.4 million. Metabolic syndrome is known as an independent risk factor of stroke. Objectives: 1. To estimate prevalence of metabolic syndrome among Ischemic stroke patients. 2. To assess the association between metabolic syndrome and Ischemic stroke 3. To assess the association between Diabetes Mellitus type 2 and Ischemic stroke Methods: A observational study was performed on 100 out patients and inpatients admitted in Basaveshwara Teaching and General Hospital attached to Mahadevappa Rampure Medical College Kalaburagi for a period of 1 year. A detailed history was collected from qualifying patients using a pre-designed, structured proforma. Further, general examination and a detailed systemic examination, followed by relevant investigations (FBS: A blood sample is taken after an 8 hour overnight fast., Fasting Lipid Profile) were conducted and the results were noted. Results: Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in this study was 58 (58%) of them presented with metabolic syndrome. Higher prevalence was observed in 50-59 years age group 17 (74%) and among males 43 (64.3%). Smoking and diet were significantly associated with metabolic syndrome. Mean values of the components of metabolic syndrome were significantly higher in patients with metabolic syndrome. Prevalence of Diabetes was 73% and among them majority presented with metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Mellitus was significantly associated with stroke. Conclusion: In this study both metabolic syndrome and Diabetes Mellitus were significantly associated with stroke. Hence, they can be used as independent predictors for stroke.
Budaya Organisasi dan Kepemimpinan dalam Pengelolaan Piutang Pajak Impor
Authors:   Politeknik Keuangan Negara STAN, Sektor V, Jl. Bintaro Utama 5, Jurang Manggu Tim., Kec. Pd. Aren, Kota Tangerang Selatan, Banten 15222, Firmansyah Amrie , Ambarwati Ria Dewi ,   Politeknik Keuangan Negara STAN, Sektor V, Jl. Bintaro Utama 5, Jurang Manggu Tim., Kec. Pd. Aren, Kota Tangerang Selatan, Banten 15222, Hartopo Wing ,   Direktorat Jenderal Bea dan Cukai, Jl.Jenderal A Yani (By Pass) Rawamangun, Jakarta Timur - 13230, Iswandy Iis ,   Direktorat Jenderal Bea dan Cukai, Jl.Jenderal A Yani (By Pass) Rawamangun, Jakarta Timur - 13230
Published: February 2023

This study examines organizational culture and leadership on tax revenue receivables management in the context of imports. The data used in this study derives from a questionnaire survey distributed to respondents from March to July 2022. The respondents for this study were selected using purposive sampling with the criteria is officials/employees at the Treasury Unit who manage tax receivables and Officers/employees at the General Affairs/Finance Unit, which handles the Financial Statements in each work unit within DGCE. The final sample used in this study totaled 166 observations. This study concludes that organizational culture positively affects the management of tax revenue receivables in the context of imports, while leadership does not affect the management of tax revenue receivables in the context of imports.
Projections and impact assessment of the local climate change conditions of the Black Volta Basin of Ghana based on the Statistical DownScaling Model
Authors: Siabi Ebenezer K. , Phuong Dang Nguyen Dong , Kabobah Amos T. , Akpoti Komlavi , Anornu Geophery , Incoom Awo Boatemaa Manson , Nyantakyi Emmanuel Kwesi , Yeboah Kofi Antwi , Siabi Sarah Elikplim , Vuu Christopher , Domfeh Martin Kyere , Mortey Eric Mensah , Wemegah Cosmos Senyo , Kudjoe Francis , Opoku Precious Dapaah , Asare Austin , Mensah Samuel Kofi , Donkor Peter , Opoku Emmanuel K. , Ouattara Zié Adama , Obeng-Ahenkora Nana Kwame , Adusu Daniel , Quansah Andrew
Published: February 2023

The uncertainties and biases associated with Global Climate Models (GCMs) ascend from global to regional and local scales which delimits the applicability and suitability of GCMs in site-specific impact assessment research. The study downscaled two GCMs to evaluate effects of climate change (CC) in the Black Volta Basin (BVB) using Statistical DownScaling Model (SDSM) and 40-year ground station data. The study employed Taylor diagrams, dimensionless, dimensioned, and goodness of fit statistics to evaluate model performance. SDSM produced good performance in downscaling daily precipitation, maximum and minimum temperature in the basin. Future projections of precipitation by HadCM3 and CanESM2 indicated decreasing trend as revealed by the delta statistics and ITA plots. Both models projected near- to far-future increases in temperature and decreases in precipitation by 2.05-23.89, 5.41–46.35, and 5.84–35.33% in the near, mid, and far future respectively. Therefore, BVB is expected to become hotter and drier by 2100. As such, climate actions to combat detrimental effects on the BVB must be revamped since the basin hosts one of the largest hydropower dams in Ghana. The study is expected to support the integration of CC mitigation into local, national, and international policies, and support knowledge and capacity building to meet CC challenges.
Synergistic bactericidal activity of ultraviolet radiation, ozone, and liquid-thin-film technology against Escherichia coli in water
Authors: Le Tuan Van , Dang Thanh-Loc Thi , Imai Tsuyoshi
Published: February 2023

Providing effective and sustainable water disinfection methods, without harmful by-products, is essential to protect public health and safety. It is hypothesized that the application of liquid-thin-film (LTF) technology can enhance the bactericidal activity of both ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and ozone (O3) treatments. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the bactericidal activity and synergistic effect of the combined UV + O3 + LTF treatment against Escherichia coli in water processing. The results showed that LTF technology significantly increased the disinfection efficiency of UV and O3 in potable water production. Thus, the combined UV + LTF, O3 + LTF, and UV + O3 + LTF treatments were more effective than the individual treatments under identical conditions. Particularly, the combined double-UV (41.7 mJ cm−2) + O3 (100% O3) + LTF (65 L min−1) treatment exhibited the highest bactericidal activity, resulting in a 5.8-log decrease in the E. coli load within 30 min. Pearson's correlation analysis demonstrated a significant correlation between the synergistic effects of the combined treatments and UV dosage (r = 0.88, p < 0.0001) and aqueous O3 concentrations (r = 0.84, p < 0.0001). These findings suggest that combined UV + O3 + LTF treatment could be a viable alternative method for water disinfection.
Removal performance and mechanism for a three-dimensional electrode system treating biochemical effluent of a wastewater treatment plant
Authors: Tan Mengyu , Zhang Shuchi , Dong Jiayu , Huang Jialu , Wu Xiaolong , Tang Xueni , Wu Donglei
Published: February 2023

With the increasingly strict discharge requirements, it is urgent for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to find an efficient and feasible technology for advanced treatment. A three-dimensional (3D) electrode system was used to treat the real biochemical effluent of a WWTP collecting industrial and domestic wastewater in the present study. The 3D electrode system had the best performance at a current density of 2 mA/cm2 and an electrode distance of 3 cm. The kinetic analysis showed that the organic pollutant degradation conformed to pseudo-first-order kinetics. The COD removal of the 3D electrode system was more than twice that of the two-dimensional (2D) electrode system, and the energy consumption was 46.56% less than that of the 2D electrode system. By measuring the adsorption capacity and the electrocatalytic ability of the system to produce strong oxidizing species, it was demonstrated that granular activated carbon (GAC) had the synergy of adsorption and electrochemical oxidation, and ·OH playing the dominant role in oxidizing pollutants. At the same time, the organic contaminants adsorbed on GAC could be degraded. Finally, the adsorption–electrochemical oxidation mechanism was proposed. The above results highlighted that the 3D electrode system was a promising alternative method in the application of advanced treatment for WWTPs.
Study on low temperature plasma combined with AC/Mn + TiO2–Al2O3 catalytic treatment of sewage-containing polyacrylamide
Authors: Wang Xiaobing , Guan Fengwei , Huang Zhigang , He Hao , Wang Lu , Li Kaifeng
Published: February 2023

With the introduction of tertiary oil recovery technology, polymer oil drive technology has effectively improved the recovery rate of crude oil, but the resulting oilfield wastewater-containing polyacrylamide (PAM) is viscous and complex in composition, which brings difficulties to wastewater treatment. The treatment of this kind of wastewater has become an urgent problem to be solved, and the removal of PAM is the key. In this paper, a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) co-catalyst was used to treat PAM-containing solutions to investigate the effect of different catalytic reaction systems on the degradation of PAM. The morphological changes of the PAM solution before and after the reaction were also studied by the environmental electron microscope scanner (ESEM), and the information of the functional groups in the solution before and after the reaction was studied by infrared spectroscopy analysis of the PAM solution. The degradation rate rose by 26.3% in comparison to that without discharge when AC/Mn + TiO2 and Al2O3 were combined and catalyzed at a mass ratio of 2:1 and a discharge period of 300 min. The degradation rate rose by 19.3 and 6.8%, respectively, in comparison to AC/Mn + TiO2 and Al2O3-catalyzed alone. It demonstrates that this catalytic system has the optimum catalytic effect.
Phosphate Prodrugs: An Approach to Improve the Bioavailability of
Clinically Approved Drugs
Authors: Tantra Tanmoy , Singh Yogesh , Patekar Rohan , Kulkarni Swanand , Kumar Pradeep , Thareja Suresh
Published: February 2023

The phosphate prodrug approach has emerged as a viable option for increasing
the bioavailability of a drug candidate with low hydrophilicity and poor cell membrane
permeability. When a phosphoric acid moiety is attached to the parent drug, it results in a
several-fold elevation in aqueous solubility which helps to achieve desired bioavailability
of the pharmaceutically active parental molecule. The neutral phosphate prodrugs have
rapid diffusion ability through the plasma membrane as compared to their charged counterpart.
The presence of phosphate mono ester breaking alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme
throughout the whole human body, is the main consideration behind the development
of phosphate prodrug strategy. The popularity of this phosphate prodrug strategy is
increasing nowadays due to the fulfillment of different desired pharmacokinetic characteristics
required to get pharmaceutical and therapeutic responses without showing any serious
adverse drug reactions (ADR). This review article mainly focuses on various phosphate
prodrugs synthesized within the last decade to get an improved pharmacological response
of the parent moiety along with various preclinical and clinical challenges associated
with this approach. Emphasis is also given to the chemical mechanism to release the
parent moiety from the prodrug.
Circular RNAs in Prostate Cancer: Is it Time to Further Explore Liquid
Biopsies?
Authors: Yu Jianpeng , Li Hanlin , Shang Zhiqun , Niu Yuanjie
Published: February 2023

Background:

Although diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer (PCa) have evolved rapidly
in recent years, clinically significant molecular biomarkers are still needed to lower the mortality.
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a poorly characterized component of PCa transcriptome. Recently,
since the development of deep RNA sequencing and novel bioinformatic pipelines, emerging evidence
suggests circRNAs to have diverse functions in the development and progression of PCa. Thus, we
attempt to summarize the current situation and potential development prospects about the role of
circRNAs in PCa liquid biopsies.

Methods:

The role of circRNAs in PCa was summarized by searching the literature related to circRNAs
in PubMed in recent years.

Results:

Deregulation of circRNAs is associated with cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell invasion, migration,
as well as metastasis in PCa. Because of the high stability and tissue specificity of circRNAs,
with improved detection methodologies, circRNAs may be predictive biomarkers in liquid biopsies.

Conclusion:

From the perspective of recent research, with the development of high-throughput sequencing
and novel bioinformatics tools, knowledge of circRNAs will be further expanded. Improved
technologies will make personalized precision medicine less of a paper exercise. It is time to further
explore circRNA in liquid biopsies.
Advances in Ovarian Cancer Treatment Beyond PARP Inhibitors
Authors: Aliyuda Fine , Moschetta Michele , Ghose Aruni , Sofia Rallis Kathrine , Sheriff Matin , Sanchez Elisabet , Rassy Elie , Boussios Stergios
Published: February 2023

Ovarian cancer has become the largest cause of gynaecological cancer-related mortality. It
is typically diagnosed at a late stage and has no effective screening strategy. Ovarian cancer is a highly
heterogeneous disease that can be subdivided into several molecular subsets. As a result of a greater
understanding of molecular pathways involved in carcinogenesis and tumor growth, targeted agents
have been approved or are in several stages of development. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)
inhibitors and the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A antibodies are two types of approved
and most effective targeted drugs for ovarian cancer at present. With the success of bevacizumab,
tyrosine kinase inhibitors which could target alternate angiogenic pathways are being studied.
Furthermore, many treatments targeting the PI3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin
(mTOR) pathways, are being developed or are already in clinical studies. MicroRNAs have also become
novel biomarkers for the therapy and clinical diagnosis of ovarian cancer. This manuscript reviews
the molecular, preclinical and clinical evidence supporting the targeting of growth-dependent
pathways in ovarian cancer and assesses current data related to targeted treatments beyond PARP inhibitors.
A Lightweight Low-dose PET Image Super-resolution Reconstruction
Method based on Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Liu Kun , Yu Haiyun , Zhang Mingyang , Zhao Lei , Wang Xianghui , Liu Shuang , Li Haoran , Yang Kun
Published: February 2023

Background:

PET imaging is one of the most widely used neurological disease screening
and diagnosis techniques.

Aims:

Since PET involves the radiation and tolerance of different people, the improvement that has
always been focused on is to cut down radiation, in the meantime, ensuring that the generated images
with low-dose tracer and generated images with standard-dose tracer have the same details of images.

Methods:

We propose a lightweight low-dose PET super-resolution network (SRPET-Net) based on a
convolutional neural network. In this research, We propose a method for accurately recovering highresolution
(HR) PET images from low-resolution (LR) PET images. The network learns the details and
structure of the image between low-dose PET images and standard-dose PET images and, afterward,
reconstructs the PET image by the trained network model.

Results:

The experiments indicate that the SRPET-Net can achieve a superior peak signal-to-noise
ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity index measurement (SSIM) values. Moreover, our method has
less memory consumption and lower computational cost.

Conclusion:

In our follow-up work, the technology can be applied to medical imaging in many different
directions.
An Approach to Treat Conundrum of Skin Cancer: Bioactive Loaded
Niosomes
Authors: Srivastava Shikha , Sharma Divya
Published: February 2023

Background:

Skin cancer is one of the most life-threatening and progressive diseases nowadays,
majorly resulting from the cumulative effect of genetic and environmental exposure including
UV rays and numerous pollutants. UV radiation stimulates the excessive generation of Reactive oxygen
species (ROS) and Reactive nitrogen species (RNS), altering numerous signaling and inflammatory
pathways and cumulatively causing alteration at numerous genetic and inflammatory levels. Numerous
treatment strategies have been proposed for this purpose, and it has been found that antioxidants
could play a crucial role in regulating inflammation at certain levels. Among numerous treatment
strategies, natural flavonoid quercetin could play a vital role in protecting cells from oxidative
stress as it is enriched with anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. The activities of
quercetin could be further enhanced by administrating it through novel systems.

Objective:

Thus, the present article focuses on the delivery of natural flavonoid quercetin via novel
carrier noisome to enhance targeting potency and safety efficacy.

Method:

Optimized quercetin-loaded niosomes were prepared by mechanical shaking method followed
by solvent evaporation and altering the ratio of cholesterol and span 80. In vitro characterization
was performed for morphology, zeta potential (ZP), entrapment efficiency and drug release.

Result:

The optimized niosome was reported to have a size range of 120 nm, entrapment efficiency
(80%-85%) and followed zero order kinetics.

Conclusion:

Optimized quercetin-loaded niosomes were successfully formulated and characterized
for controlled drug delivery.
Job satisfaction moderate the effect of integrity, work experience, and organizational commitment on audit quality
Authors: Sadiah Imas Siti , Rasmini Ni Ketut
Published: February 2023

This study aims to provide a more comprehensive view of the influence of integrity, work experience, and organizational commitment on audit quality moderated by job satisfaction. A quantitative associative approach was used in this study with a total sample of 59 people, namely all auditors at the Inspectorate of the Province of Bali. Data collection techniques used questionnaires which were analyzed with structural equation modelling with SmartPLS3.0 and for descriptive statistical testing using SPSS 25. The findings in this study are integrity, work experience, and organizational commitment have a positive effect on audit quality. Regarding moderating variables, job satisfaction strengthens the positive effect of integrity and work experience on audit quality, and job satisfaction does not moderate the effect of organizational commitment on audit quality. The conclusion from this study is that the higher the integrity, work experience, and organizational commitment, the auditor tends to be responsible for carrying out inspection duties to obtain good audit quality. Job satisfaction is an additional benefit to increase the integrity and work experience of the auditor in carrying out audit duties to realize good audit quality.
The causes of reproduction of crime and their refraction in the Republic of Dagestan
Authors:   Datsi M. Gadzhiev Dagestan State University of National Economy, Gadzhiev Datsi M.
Published: February 2023

The common causes of crime in the Republic of Dagestan during the periodunder reviewarecorruption, bribery, a sharp decline in the standard of living of the population, a decline inpublicmorality, legalnihilism that has engulfed society and government structures at all levels, and the underminingof lawandorder.Causes of crime: 1) the contradiction between poverty and openly stolen wealth fromthe peopleintheabsenceofthe middle well-to-do stratum; 3) the contradiction between the globally Americanized"oligarchy"(vorobogachestvo) and sovereign civilizations. The third contradiction in the refraction of the global intotheRussianarises between the government, merged with the "oligarchy", and the majority of the population.
Current problems of harmonization of criminal law: experience and analysis of their studyinwesternlegal science
Authors:   Yulia I. Isakova Don State Technical University, Isakova Yulia I.
Published: February 2023

The article is devoted to the study of experience and analysis of actual problems of harmonization of criminal law in Western legal science. The author refers to the scientific heritage of one of themainexpertson the designated subject - the English lawyer William Blackstone, considering his ideas inthefieldofcriminallaw, as well as comparing them with the concepts of the predecessors, contemporaries andfollowersofthisoutstanding scientist. Of particular interest is the author's original approach, which analyzes Blackstone'sdoctrineinthe context of the political and legal events that he witnessed, and characterizes the significanceof hisworksforlegal science in general – in particular, in the field of harmonization of criminal law. It is alsonoteworthythattheauthor uses English-language sources that have not previously been translated into Russian, whichisof undoubtedinterest for domestic criminal law theory, since it makes it possible to get acquainted with original materialsthathave had a significant impact on the current state of Western legal science and its intellectual roots, fromwhich,among other things, the topical issue of the harmonization of criminal law arises.
Problematic issues of supervision of the prosecutor's office over compliance withlaws in operational-search activities
Authors:   Mirza A. Mirzaev Dagestan State University, Mirzaev Mirza A.
Published: February 2023

The article deals with the problematic issues of the implementation by the prosecutor'sofficeofsupervision over the observance of laws in operational-search activities, as well as its improvement. Thepurposeof the work is to reveal these problems and ways to resolve them, as well as to justify measures tostrengthenthesupervision of the prosecutor's office over the rule of law in this area. The concept and place of supervisionaredefined, the powers of the prosecutor in the exercise of supervision are established. The mainviolationsthat occurduring the implementation of this activity are identified, and recommendations are givenfor their elimination.Analyzed various acts of prosecutorial response as legal means in identifying, eliminatingandpreventingviolations. The result of the study is the conclusion that it is necessary to improve the supervisionof theprosecutor'soffice over compliance with laws in operational-search activities due to existing problems, as well astoamendthelegislation.
Problems of legal provision of cybersecurity of universities
Authors:   Ruslan A. Abdusalamov Daghestan State University, Abdusalamov Ruslan A.
Published: February 2023

The article deals with the problems of legal provision of cybersecurity of higher educationalinstitutions. Based on the analysis of the state of the legislation of the Russian Federation oninformationsecurity,local regulations of higher educational institutions and potential threats fromthe digital space, theproblemsoflegal provision of cybersecurity of higher educational institutions are identified. The influence of the information space on educational activities, on the data security o higher educational stitutions is substantiated. Special emphasis is placed on the current state of the legal provision o cybersecurity universities, current problems in this area are identified. Taking into account the identified dfficulties i esuring cybersecurity of higher educational institutions, the main directions of improving legal regulation i tis aea e indicated. The author concludes that the category “cybersecurity” is not identical to the category “nformation scurity”. In order to improve the legal provision of cybersecurity of universities, it is necessary to tke te athor poposed a set of appropriate measures of a law-making and organizational nature.
Contractual relations in ancient Mesopotamian sources of law
Authors:   Olga A. Plotskaya  Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education ", Plotskaya Olga A. ,   MIREA -Russian Technological University", Elinsky Valery I. ,   Valery I. Elinsky Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "MIREA -Russian Technological University"
Published: February 2023

This work is devoted to the study of contractual relations in ancient Mesopotamiansourcesoflaw. Considerable attention is paid to the article-by-article analysis and commentary of suchsourcesof lawcontaining an empirical basis, such as the inscriptions of King Uruingina, the Laws of Ur-Nammu, theLawsofLipitIshtar, the Laws of the ruler of Bilalama of the kingdom of Eshnuna, the Laws of King Hammurabi, theCentralAssyrian laws. The article explores various incidents and examples of the use of imperatives byancient Mesopotamian legislators to regulate contractual relations.
On the problems and prospects of interaction of subjects of public control withlawenforcement aencies in the Russian Federation: constitutional and legal analysis
Authors:   Vitaly V. Goncharov Polytechnic Institute (branch), Don State Technical University in Taganrog, Goncharov Vitaly V.
Published: February 2023

This article is devoted to the constitutional and legal analysis of the problems andprospectsofinteraction of subjects of public control with law enforcement agencies in Russia. The author substantiatestheroleof the institute of public control as the most important legal guarantee for the implementation, protectionandprotection of the constitutional principles of democracy and the participation of citizens in the management ofstateaffairs. The article examines the legal foundations, as well as the main approaches in the scientificandeducationalliterature to determining the content and nature of the interaction of the above-mentionedsubjects. Theauthorsubstantiates the position that such interaction should be based on: 1) the priority of subjects of publiccontrol,which follows from their control powers; 2) compliance with the legality of the participants of this interaction;3)mutual responsibility of these participants for violating the mechanismof this interaction, as well asincreased responsibility of law enforcement officials for countering the legitimate actions of representatives of subjectsofpublic control; 4) compliance with the principles of transparency, ethics and professionalismintheworkoflawenforcement officers in their interaction with representatives of subjects of public control. The paper analyzesthemain problems that hinder the effective interaction of subjects of public control with lawenforcement agenciesand develops and justifies a system of proposals and recommendations for solving problems andimprovingthemechanism of this interaction
Improving the fiscal activities of the customs authorities
Authors:   Zukhra-Khanum T. Abusufyanova Dagestan State University, Abusufyanova Zukhra-Khanum T. , Akhmedova Zhuliana A. ,   Zhuliana A. Akhmedova Dagestan State Technical University
Published: February 2023

. The problems of the fiscal activities of the customs authorities are relevant, sincetherevenuepart of the federal budget of the Russian Federation is formed mainly at the expense of customs payments. Thearticle analyzes the fiscal activity of the customs authorities and identifies ways to improve it. Themaindirectionof improving the fiscal activities of the customs authorities is the development of modern informationtechnologies and the automation of all operations for the administration of customs payments. The digitalizationofthemechanism for paying customs payments makes it possible to ensure the completeness of the collectionofcustoms payments and the timeliness of their transfer to the federal budget. When writing the work, various research methods were used, including: analysis, synthesis, statistical, epert assessments. Based on the analysis of customs statistics data, the opinions of scientists and specialists, measures ae proosed to improve the work of customs authorities in collecting customs duties and increasing fedral budget renues.
Signs and classification of the competence of the European Union
Authors:   Akhmed M. Ibragimov Dagestan State University, Ibragimov Akhmed M.
Published: February 2023

Signs of the competence of the European Union and her classification are the most importantindicators characterizing the activities of this large-scale integration association. In this article, theseindicatorsareconsidered in sufficient detail, in particularly, an additional doctrinal systematization of the competenceoftheEUis proposed in it. The article shows not only the strengthening of the centralization of its competence, but alsothedesire of the leading member states of the Union to derive political and other benefits fromthis. Suchanegativedesire, multiplied by the anti-Russian foreign policy, only deepens the systemic crisis of the EuropeanUnion
Insurmountable force as a circumstance eliminating civil liability
Authors:   Zamira A. Akhmedova Dagestan State University, Akhmedova Zamira A.
Published: February 2023

The author of the article analyzes the current problems of establishing circumstancesthat eliminate civil liability and suggests ways to minimize the consequences of force majeure in contractual obligations.According to the author, it is necessary to fix in the normative legal act newcircumstances that eliminatecivilliability and the specifics of their proof. In order to minimize the consequences of force majeurecircumstancesincontractual obligations, the author suggests that it is mandatory to include a clause on force majeurecircumstances with an indication of the deadline for notifying the counterparty of the occurrence of force majeureandtheconsequences of their occurrence
Legal life of unions of rural communities of Mountainous Dagestan in the 18th- early19th centuries (on the example of Akusha-Dargo) Part 1
Authors:   Magomedzapir N. Abdullaev Dagestan State University, Abdullaev Magomedzapir N. , Aitberov Timur M. ,   Timur M. Aitberov Dagestan State University
Published: February 2023

In this article, for the first time, on the basis of Arabic texts of legal content, thelegal lifeoftheAkush society and unions of rural communities that constituted Akush-Dargo in the 18th - early19thcenturiesisstudied. The authors note that Akusha-Dargo was one of those mountain unions that for centuries retainedindependence from the neighboring princes-rulers of the Eastern Caucasus. It is emphasized that intheAkushi zoneand adjacent territories, the areographic written practice can be traced fromthe turn of the 13th- 14thcenturies,which was a condition for the establishment of the tradition of written fixation of lawin a commonlyunderstoodlanguage. Early awareness of the importance of the written consolidation of existing and newlyadoptednormsoflocal law (darg. zega) is a distinctive feature of the Akusha-Dargo communities, reflectingthelevel of development of law and statehood. The authors come to the conclusion that Akusha-Dargo was a successivelyevolving socio-political system, rooted in the pre-Mongol era, in the state of Shandan. The centuries-oldprocessofformation of Akusha-Dargo with "republican" rule took place in interaction and mutual influence withthesurrounding feudal monarchies. At the same time, the federation of the Dargin unions of rural communities Akusha-Dargoactually retained sovereignty and acted as an equivalent political unit in the structure of the statehoodofthepeoples of Dagestan.