bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS SISTEM SAPAAN DALAM KAD UNDANGAN PERKAHWINAN MELAYU
Authors: ALIZUDDIN NURUL AIN , NIK MOHD ARIF NIK NUR ATHIRAH
Published: October 2021

Kajian ini meneliti penggunaan sistem sapaan dalam kad undangan perkahwinan masyarakat Melayu. Sistem sapaan dalam masyarakat Melayu amat unik kerana terdapat pelbagai sistem gelaran dan panggilan berdasarkan status sosial seseorang individu tersebut. Oleh itu, kertas kerja ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan bahawa sistem sapaan yang diamalkan merupakan satu bentuk kesantunan berbahasa kerana melambangkan taraf dan status sosial seseorang. Data dianalisis menggunakan Teori Ervin-Tripp (1972). Kaedah yang digunakan dalam kajian ini ialah kaedah kualitatif dengan teknik kajian analisis kata sapaan dalam kad undangan perkahwinan Melayu. Berdasarkan analisis kajian pustaka yang dijalankan, faktor yang mempengaruhi sistem sapaan dan panggilan dalam masyarakat Melayu adalah berdasarkan status sosioekonomi seseorang, iaitu umur, jantina, pangkat dan pendidikan individu. Sistem sapaan dan panggilan dalam masyarakat Melayu mempunyai fungsi yang tersendiri, iaitu untuk menunjukkan rasa hormat dan memuliakan seseorang, mengeratkan hubungan kekeluargaan dan persaudaraan. Selain itu, sistem sapaan bertujuan mendidik generasi muda kini dan generasi akan datang untuk menghormati orang yang lebih tua. Kajian sistem sapaan ini penting dan memberi manfaat kepada masyarakat Melayu kerana dengan menerapkan nilai-nilai kesantunan dalam berkomunikasi, masyarakat Melayu lebih dipandang tinggi dan dihormati.
 
This study examined the use of the address system in Malay wedding invitation cards. The address system in the Malay community is very unique due to the use of various titles and terms based on the social status of the intended individuals. This paper was therefore aimed at proving that the address system practised in the community was a form oflanguage politeness since it portrayed the rank and social status of a person. Data were analysed with the theory proposed by Ervin-Tripp (1972). This study utilised a qualitative approach using the technique of extracting andanalysing address forms used in Malay wedding invitation cards. Based on the analysis, it was found that factors affecting the address system and honorifics in the Malay community depended on a person’s socioeconomicstatus such as age, gender, rank and education of individuals. The address system in the Malay community has specific functions namely to show respect and honour, and to strengthen family and community bonds. In addition, the use of the address system is aimed at educating the young and future generations to respect their elders. This study is critical and beneficial to the Malay community since inculcating politeness values in communication with others would lead to the community being regarded with esteem and respect.
PEMURNIAN TAUHID DI TURKI: ANALISIS TERHADAP USAHA BADIUZZAMAN SAID NURSI
Authors: AHMAD ZAHIR MUHAMMAD SUHAIB , MOHD SHARIF MOHD FARID
Published: October 2021

Artikel ini membincang dan memperkenalkan usaha pemurnian yang dilakukan oleh Badiuzzaman Said Nursi (1877–1960 M) mendepani permasalahan yang timbul dalam masyarakat Islam di Turki pada awal abad ke-20. Kesan daripada penyerapan nilai dan pengaruh pemikiran luar ketulenan Islam ini telah berjaya mempengaruhi pemikiran masyarakat dalam aspek kepercayaan dan amalan beragama. Justeru, Said Nursi telah menawarkan penyelesaian kepada permasalahan yang timbul ini dengan melaksanakan langkah pemurnian terhadap tauhid dalam masyarakat. Dengan kata lain, artikel ini merupakan analisis usaha Said Nursi terhadap pemurnian tauhid dalam melaksanakan tuntutan dakwah di Turki. Bagi mencapai tujuan tersebut, metode analisis sejarah akan digunakan untuk membincangkan usaha Said Nursi dan mengemukakan penelitian kritikal terhadap usahanya menyelamatkan tauhid umat Islam agar kembali kepada ajaran Islam yang sebenar. Hasil daripada analisis ini akan memperlihatkan bahawa Badiuzzaman Said Nursi merupakan seorang tokoh dakwah yang memberi sumbangan terhadap pemurnian tauhid dalam dunia Islam di samping boleh digunakan sebagai sebuah garis panduan kepada para agamawan, pendakwah dan penyelidik mengetengahkan pemurnian tauhid sebagai usaha dakwah yang penting terhadap masyarakat pada hari ini.
 
This article discusses and introduces the efforts of Tawhid purification undertaken by Badiuzzaman Said Nursi (1877–1960 AD) to address emergent problems within the Turkish Muslim community in early 20th century whereby the absorption of values and thought outside the authenticity of Islam had successfully influenced society thinking in terms of religious beliefs and practices. Said Nursi therefore offered a solution to this problem by implementing measures to purify tawhid in society. This article analyses his efforts in tawhid purification in the implementation of da’wah dictates in Turkey. To achieve this goal, the historical analysis method is utilised to discuss the efforts of Said Nursi and present criticalexamination of his efforts to save the tawhid of Muslims and ensure they return to the true teachings of Islam. The results of this analysis highlight Badiuzzaman Said Nursi as a da’wah figure who contributed to tawhid purification in the Islamic world. The findings at the same time could be used as guidelines for the religious, preachers and researchers to propose tawhid purification as an important da’wah effort in society today.
NILAI KEPAHLAWANAN DALAM TANGON TERPILIH SUKU KIMARAGANG DI SABAH
Authors: JAMAIL MASADOR  , ABDUL HALIM ALI  , AZHAR WAHID
Published: October 2021

Tangon (cerita rakyat) sering diperdengarkan dalam masyarakat suku Kimaragang. Pada umumnya, cerita-cerita rakyat (tangon) suku Kimaragang melambangkan sosiobudaya, falsafah dan gambaran nilai kepahlawanan bagi masyarakat tersebut. Namun, dewasa ini, nilai-nilai yang terkandung dalam tangon sering dilupakan, terutama oleh generasi muda. Oleh itu, kajian ini memberi perhatian pada nilai-nilai kepahlawanan yang terkandung dalam cerita rakyat suku Kimaragang di Sabah. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang melibatkan kaedah kajian lapangan dan temu bual untuk mendokumentasi tangon. Seterusnya, data akan dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan Alamiah salah satu pendekatan dalam teori Pengkaedahan Melayu yang dikemukakan oleh Hashim Awang bagi memahami aspek-aspek kepahlawanan seperti keberanian, rela berkorban, semangat juang dan keterbukaan yang terkandung dalam cerita rakyat. Dapatan kajian ini membuktikan bahawa elemen kepahlawanan penting dikuasai, terutama dalam norma masyarakat yang kucar-kacir demi mengangkat martabat diri dan menjaga kehormatan. Sememangnya, masyarakat suku Kimaragang pada masa lampau mengamalkan nilai-nilai kepahlawanan dalam kehidupan untuk memastikan sebuah kehidupan yang aman dan sejahtera. Mengaplikasi nilai-nilai kepahlawanan dalam kehidupan masa kini merupakan suatu daripada usaha untuk mengupaya dan mengekalkan warisan yang semakin dilupakan.
The telling of ‘tangon’ (folklore) is a common practice in the Kimaragang community. In general, the ‘tangon’ of the Kimaragang symbolises the socio-culture, philosophy and description of the heroism values for the community. However, nowadays, the values in ‘tangon’ are often forgotten, especially by the younger generation. This study thereforefocused on the heroism values as portrayed in the folklore of the Kimaragang. Using a qualitative approach, the field work and interview methods were utilised to document the ‘tangon’. Data was analysed using the Alamiahapproach, one of the approaches in the ’Pengkaedahan Melayu’ theory by Hashim Awang as a means to understand heroism aspects such as bravery, sacrificial spirit, fighting spirit, and openness as embodied in the folklore. The findings of this study prove that the element of heroism is important to master especially in the norms of a chaotic society in order to improve self-esteem and maintain honour. Indeed, the Kimaragang in the past practised heroism values to ensure a peaceful and prosperous life. Applying these values in life today is one of the efforts to activate and sustain an increasingly forgotten heritage.
A Study on Fuzzy Query with Weights Based on Fuzzy Logic
Authors:   Assistant Professor, RCST, DURG, Chhattisgarh, India., TAMRAKAR Dr. ASHISH KUMAR
Published: October 2021

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is the electronic tactic to analyzing text that is depends on both a set of ideas and a set of technologies. Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a subfield of artificial intelligence and etymology it thinks about the issues of computerized era and comprehension of regular human dialects. Common dialect era frameworks change over data from PC databases into ordinary sounding human dialect, and normal dialect understanding frameworks change over specimens of human dialect into more formal representations that are less demanding for PC projects to control. The Fuzzy logic-based approach provides another alternative for effective natural language analysis. It is commonly recognized that many phenomena in natural language lend themselves to descriptions by Fuzzy mathematics, including Fuzzy sets, Fuzzy relations and Fuzzy logic. By defining a Fuzzy logic system and acquiring proper rules, we hope that difficulties in analysis of speech can be alleviated. The goal of NLP is to enable communication between people and computers without resorting to memorization of complex commands and procedures.
COVID-19 E O AUMENTO DA VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA A MULHER NO BRASIL
Authors: Mendonça Samuel , Volpon Berto Isadora
Published: October 2021

O artigo visa a analisar a violência contra a mulher no contexto da pandemia da Covid-19 no Brasil, por meio de informações do Relatório “Visível e invisível: a vitimização de mulheres no Brasil”, elaborado pelo Fórum Brasileiro de Segurança Pública em 2019, e estatísticas atualizadas fornecidas pela Secretaria de Segurança Pública do Estado de São Paulo, acerca da violência contra mulheres, relacionando o aumento de casos com a construção e a desigualdade de gênero. O problema do artigo se expressa por meio da pergunta: qual o papel do Estado na construção de políticas públicas que possam resultar na diminuição da violência contra a mulher em tempos de pandemia e ainda do combate à cultura machista? O principal objetivo consiste em analisar políticas públicas que buscam diminuir a violência contra a mulher e, de forma mais específica, procura sugerir caminhos para o enfrentamento do problema na pandemia. O método se constitui de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. A singularidade da pesquisa está em demonstrar a importância do poder público no combate à violência contra a mulher na pandemia, mas, também, em problematizar caminhos para a resolução do problema na esfera individual, da consciência de cada um para a superação da cultura machista. Como resultado, o artigo apresenta três soluções adicionais à Lei Maria da Penha, reconhecendo a importância de políticas públicas e do poder do Estado no enfrentamento de questões relacionadas aos direitos fundamentais. Para o enfrentamento da cultura social machista é preciso contar, igualmente, com a capacidade de pensamento do macho em se superar da estupidez que explica casos de violência contra e mulher.
O ATENDIMENTO CLÍNICO PELO VIES DA ANÁLISE DO COMPORTAMENTO
Authors: Maria Fogassa Tonial Tavares Franciele
Published: October 2021

Este artigo visa dissertar sobre a prática clínica pelo viés da Análise do Comportamento. Esta ciência é fundamentada em princípios de base filosóficas do behaviorismo radical, dedicando-se ao estudo da gênese do comportamento. A diante pretende-se contextualizar sobre a Análise do Comportamento, sua forma de compreensão sobre o homem citar alguns de seus principais conceitos e recursos utilizados pelo profissional que fundamenta sua atuação nessa abordagem. Pretende-se ainda contemplar algumas formas de terapias existentes dentro desta ciência e suas formas de intervenção.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO ASSISTENTE SOCIAL PARA A SAÚDE PÚBLICA DIANTE DOS DESAFIOS ENCONTRADOS NOS SUS
Authors: Da Silva Claro Luciana
Published: October 2021

A importância do assistente social inserido na saúde pública, sobretudo diante dos enfrentamentos atuais do SUS (Sistema Único de Saúde), tem como objetivo relatar dentro do contexto, pontos cruciais que os profissionais do serviço social vivenciam na prática desta área e suas estratégias para sobressair das diversas problemáticas que os cercam nesta atuação. Por isto é essencial abordar as totalidades de ações que são desenvolvidas pelos assistentes sociais na saúde, considerando a particularidade dos atos desempenhados nos programas de saúde bem como na atenção básica, na media e alta complexidade em saúde. Por outro lado, a opção em não estruturá-lo diante dessas frentes de trabalho que buscam superar o registro de ações que são comuns dentro destas, e tendem a se repetir quando a perspectiva é apontar as atribuições dos profissionais na saúde. Norteado pelo código de ética da profissão de 1993, as atribuições e competências do assistente social são fundamentais, seja na saúde ou nas mais diversas politicas públicas de atuação, enfatizando conquistas teóricas e práticas, abordando um universo profissional mais crítico, participativo, dialético e reflexivo. Dentro da fundamentação teórica foram abordados os seguintes pontos: como Sistema Único de Saúde e as imposições para os assistentes sociais; o SUS e a ética profissional; o trabalho profissional do assistente social e a concepção ampliada de saúde; SUS a trajetória e os desafios atuais, com intuito de estabelecer informações e promover estratégias a serem executadas no campo da atenção básica na saúde pública.
The synthesis, structure and properties of polypropylene nanocomposites
Authors:   , Moodley Vishnu Kribagaran
Published: October 2021

Polymer nanocomposites may be defined as structures that are formed by infusing layered-silicate clay into a thermosetting orthermoplastic polymer matrix. The nanocomposites are normally particle-filled polymers for which at least one dimension of the dispersed particles is in nanoscale. These clay-polymer nanocomposites have thus attracted great interest in industry and academia due to their exhibition of remarkable enhancements in material properties when compared to the virgin polymer or conventional micro and macro-composites. The present work describes the synthesis, mechanical properties and morphology of nano-phased polypropylene structures. The structures were manufactured by melt- blending low weight percentages of montmorillonite (MMT) nanoclays (0.5, 1, 2, 3, 5 wt. %) and polypropylene (PP) thermoplastic. Both virgin and infused polypropylene structures were then subjected to quasi-static tensile tests, flexural tests, micro-hardness tests, impact testing, compression testing, fracture toughness analysis, dynamic mechanical analysis, tribological testing. Scanning electron microscopy studies were then conducted to analyse the fracture surfaces of pristine PP and PP nanocomposite. X-ray diffraction studies were performed on closite 15A clay and polypropylene composites containing 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 5 wt. % closite 15A nanoclay to confirm the formation of nanocomposites on the addition of organo clays. Transmission electron miscopy studies were then performed on the PP nanocomposites to determine the formation of intercalated, exfoliated or agglomerated nanoclay structures. Analysis of test data show that the mechanical properties increase with an increase in nanoclay loading up to a threshold of 2 wt. %, thereafter the material properties degrade. At low weight nanoclay loadings the enhancement of properties is attributed to the lower percolation points created by the high aspect ratio nanoclays. The increase in properties may also be attributed to the formation of intercalated and exfoliated nanocomposite structures formed at these loadings of clay. At higher weight loading, degradation in mechanical properties may be attributed to the formation of agglomerated clay tactoids. Results of XRD, transmission electron microscopy studies and scanning electron microscopy studies of the fractured surface of tensile specimens verify these hypotheses.
A particle swarm optimization approach for tuning of SISO PID control loops
Authors:   , Pillay Nelendran
Published: October 2021

Linear control systems can be easily tuned using classical tuning techniques such as the Ziegler-Nichols and Cohen-Coon tuning formulae. Empirical studies have found that these conventional tuning methods result in an unsatisfactory control performance when they are used for processes experiencing the negative destabilizing effects of strong nonlinearities. It is for this reason that control practitioners often prefer to tune most nonlinear systems using trial and error tuning, or intuitive tuning. A need therefore exists for the development of a suitable tuning technique that is applicable for a wide range of control loops that do not respond satisfactorily to conventional tuning. Emerging technologies such as Swarm Intelligence (SI) have been utilized to solve many non-linear engineering problems. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), developed by Eberhart and Kennedy (1995), is a sub-field of SI and was inspired by swarming patterns occurring in nature such as flocking birds. It was observed that each individual exchanges previous experience, hence knowledge of the “best position” attained by an individual becomes globally known. In the study, the problem of identifying the PID controller parameters is considered as an optimization problem. An attempt has been made to determine the PID parameters employing the PSO technique. A wide range of typical process models commonly encountered in industry is used to assess the efficacy of the PSO methodology. Comparisons are made between the PSO technique and other conventional methods using simulations and real-time control.
Propiedades físicas y estructura microscópica de la cutícula de Agave salmiana (mixiote)
Authors: Vargas-Rodríguez Lorena , García-Vieyra María I. , León-Bata Brandon I. , Lozano-Sotomayor Paulina
Published: October 2021

Los objetivos del trabajo fueron describir la estructura de las hojas mixioteras o cutículas de agave, así como su permeabilidad al agua y resistencia a la esterilización. Para ello, cutículas de hojas de Agave salmiana (grosor = 0.114 mm; densidad = 7.2 mg∙cm-2) se analizaron mediante Microscopía Electrónica de Barrido. Las imágenes revelaron una densidad promedio de 64 estomas∙mm-2. Los estomas son de tipo tetracítico con longitudes de 30 a 52 μm. La permeabilidad de la cutícula al agua mostró comportamiento lineal. La difusión de agua a través de la cutícula es mayor desde el lado externo que desde el lado interno. La cutícula de A. salmiana es un material que resiste calor húmedo al esterilizarse en condiciones de presión (121 °C y 15 lb in-2 durante 15 min). Los resultados sugieren que la cutícula de A. salmiana tiene perspectivas amplias para uso industrial.
Concentración de elementos menores en plantas de higuerilla (Ricinus communis L.) que crecieron en suelo fertilizado con biosólidos
Authors: Maciel-Torres Sandra  P. , Figueroa-Viramontes Uriel , Jacobo-Salcedo María  D.  R. , Pedroza-Sandoval Aurelio , Trejo-Calzada Ricardo , Encerrado-Alva Rubén C.
Published: October 2021

Los suelos alcalinos y calcáreos, típicos de las zonas áridas, limitan la disponibilidad de micronutrientes en el suelo para algunos cultivos. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar los contenidos de elementos menores en suelo y plantas de higuerilla cuando se usaron sulfato de amonio y dos tipos de biosólidos como fertilizantes. Los tratamientos se definieron al considerar tres fuentes (fertilizantes) y tres dosis de N, así como un testigo (sin fertilización). Las fuentes de N fueron sulfato de amonio (SA), biosólidos de plantas de tratamiento de agua residual con lagunas de oxidación (BLO) y con lodos activados (BLA). Las dosis de N fueron de 0 (testigo), 134, 200 y 260 kg∙ha-1. El diseño experimental fue bloques al azar con cuatro repeticiones. El rendimiento de materia seca y el contenido de aceite en semillas se incrementaron al aumentar las dosis de N. Las concentraciones mayores de Cu y Fe en el suelo después de la cosecha correspondieron a los tratamientos con BLO, con medias de 0.98 mg∙kg-1 de Cu y 5.20 mg∙kg-1 de Fe. Los resultados indican que los biosólidos utilizados en el presente trabajo aportaron los micronutrientes necesarios para un desarrollo adecuado de plantas de higuerilla, sin riesgo de toxicidad y contaminación.
Persepsi Perubahan Aspek Sosial, Ekonomi, dan Lingkungan Terhadap Keberadaan Jalan Tol Layang AP Pettarani
Authors: Said Lambang Basri , Syafei Ilham , Watono Watono , Anis Fadel Muhammad , Makassari Muhammad Yusuf Al
Published: October 2021

Keberadaan Jalan Tol Layang AP Pettarani sebagai bagian dari Jalan Tol Ujung Pandang, sangat diharapkan menjadi salah satu solusi transportasi darat sebagai angkutan logistik penunjang pertumbuhan ekonomi secara nasional, khususnya dalam rangka mengatasi kemacetan serta mendukung mobilitas barang dan jasa di Kota Makassar. Perubahan sosial, ekonomi, dan lingkungan tersebut merupakan pengaruh yang ditimbulkan atau kemungkinan besar akan terjadi, yang menyangkut keadaan sosial, ekonomi, dan lingkungan masyarakat pengguna jalan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis seberapa besar persepsi perubahan aspek sosial, ekonomi, dan lingkunganmasyarakat pengguna jalanterhadap keberadaan jalan tol layang AP Pettarani. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data subyek. Data kuesioner yang digunakan adalah dari hasil jawaban responden atas pertanyaan yang diajukan penulis kepada responden dalam bentuk tulisan. Adapun untuk mengetahui hubungan variabel-variabel yang mempunyai hubungan, maka dilakukan pengujian hipotesis dengan perhitungan statistik. Untuk penganalisisan data digunakan SPSS versi 21.00 dalam model dan pengkajian hipotesis. Berdasarkan dari hasil kuesioner maka didapatkan variabel-variabel mana saja yang mempunyai pengaruh signifikan terhadap keberadaan jalan tol layang AP Pettarani.The existence of the AP Pettarani Flyover Toll Road as part of the Ujung Pandang Toll Road, is expected to be one of the land transportation solutions as a logistical transportation to support national economic growth, especially in the context of overcoming congestion and supporting the mobility of goods and services in Makassar City. These social, economic, and environmental changes are the effects that are caused or will most likely occur, which involve the social, economic, and environmental conditions of road user communities. This study aims to analyze how much the perception of changes in social, economic, and environmental aspects of the road user community to the existence of the AP Pettarani flyover. The type of data used in this study is subject data. Questionnaire data used are the results of respondents' answers to questions raised by the author to respondents in written form. As for knowing the relationship of the variables that have a relationship, then testing the hypothesis with statistical calculations. For analyzing data SPSS version 21.00 is used in the model and hypothesis assessment. Based on the results of the questionnaire, it is obtained which variables have a significant influence on the existence of the AP Pettarani flyover.
Pengaruh Pergerakan Putar Balik Arah terhadap Kinerja Ruas Jalan Letjen Hertasning Kota Makassar
Authors: Alkam Rani Bastari , Marhabang Muhammad Ilham , Ikhwan Muhammad
Published: October 2021

Aktivitas putar balik arah pada beberapa bukaan median yang tersedia di sepanjang ruas Jalan Letjen Hertasning disinyalir sebagai pemicu kemacetan lalu lintas sebab pergerakan ini dapat menghambat pergerakan kendaraan pada kedua arah lalu lintas saat kendaraan memerlukan ruang manuver tambahan untuk menyelesaikan gerakan putar balik arah secara penuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pergerakan putar balik arah terhadap kinerja ruas jalan pada Jalan Letjen Hertasning Kota Makassar. Survei lalu lintas dilakukan pada lima pos pengamatan yang dipilih pada lima bukaan median pertama Jalan Letjen Hertasning yang berbatasan langsung dengan Jl. AP Pettarani selama tiga hari untuk segmen jam puncak pagi, siang, dan sore hari. Kinerja ruas jalan dianalisis mengikuti prosedur pada Manual Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa antrian kendaraan saat bermanuver untuk memutar arah khususnya pada jam puncak setara dengan panjang 9 kendaraan atau sepanjang 36 m. Antrian ini menyebabkan kapasitas ruas jalan berkurang sebesar 2,5-10% dari kapasitas sesungguhnya yang menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan kecepatan, peningkatan derajat kejenuhan, dan penurunan tingkat pelayanan ruas jalan Letjen Hertasning. The U-turn movement activities at several median openings available along the Letjen Hertasning road arguably is one of the triggering factors for the occurrence of traffic congestion on that road section because this movement creates hindrances to traffic flow in the same lane and the contra flow when the vehicle requires additional space to complete the movement. The purpose of this study is to reveal the consequence caused by the U-turn movement to the traffic performance of Letjen Hertasning road in Makassar City. The traffic surveys were conducted at five selected observation points at the first five median openings of Jalan Letjen Hertasning which is directly adjacent to Jl. AP Pettarani for three days at three peak hours segment which are in the morning, afternoon, and evening. The analysis of road performance follows the procedures in the Indonesian Road Capacity Manual. Research result shown that the length of vehicles queuing to finish the U-turn movement during the peak hours reached 9 vehicles with a queue length of 36 m. This queue causes the capacity of the road to decrease by 2.5-10% of the actual capacity which causes a decrease in speed, an increase in the degree of saturation, and a reduction in the level of service of the road.
The Aerosol Research Observation Station (AEROS)
Authors: Ardon-Dryer Karin , Kelley Mary C. , Xueting Xia , Dryer Yuval
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Information on atmospheric particles’ concentration and sizes are important for environmental and human health reasons. Air quality monitor stations (AQMSs) for measuring Particulate Matter (PM) concentrations are found across the United States, but only three AQMSs measure PM2.5 concentrations (particles with an aerodynamic diameter of < 2.5 μm) in the Southern High Plains of West Texas (area ≥ 1.8 × 105 km2). This area is prone to many dust events (~21 per year), yet no information is available on other PM sizes, total particle concentration, or size distribution during these events. The Aerosol Research Observation Station (AEROS) was designed to continuously measure these particles’ concentrations to better understand the impact of dust events on local air quality. The AEROS aerosol measurements unit features a temperature-controlled shed with a dedicated inlet and custom-built dryer for each of the three aerosol instruments used. This article provides a description of AEROS as well as an intercomparison of the different instruments using laboratory and atmospheric particles, which shows that the instruments used provided similar concentration measurements. Measurement with AEROS can distinguish between various pollution events (natural dust events vs anthropogenic haze) to improve knowledge of the air quality in this region.
The Effect of Performance, Price Perception, Brand Image, and Brand Association on Purchase Decision of Honda CBR150R in Surabaya
Authors: Saktiawan Ponta Dewa , Harsono Soni
Published: October 2021

In the automotive industry, the consumer purchase decision is the most important aspect of the company's life cycle because it can affect profitability, especially for Honda CBR 150R. This study aims to analyze the effect of performance, price perception, brand image, and brand association on the purchase decision of Honda CBR 150R in Surabaya. The research design is descriptive-correlational. Data were collected by distributing 113 questionnaires to the respondents who met the inclusion criteria. The data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. This research shows that performance and price perception have a negative effect on purchase decisions, but not significantly. The brand image has a positive effect on the purchase decision, but not significantly. On the other hand, the brand association has a positive and significant effect on a purchase decision. It can be concluded that brand association is the most important aspect in Honda CBR 150R purchase decision.
The Influence of Emotional Well-Being and Spiritual Wholeness on Midlife Positive Functioning of Middle-Aged Professionals
Authors: Tajonera Chris Feli Joy P. , Lamig Rigel Kate Y.
Published: October 2021

This descriptive-correlational study focused on the emotional well-being, spiritual wholeness, and positive functioning of middle-aged professionals. It aimed to measure the levels of emotional well-being, spiritual wholeness, and positive functioning; likewise, their difference when age, sex, civil and employment status, and job rank were considered.  This research also intended to determine the relationship among the mentioned constructs. The study utilized tests on Emotional Well-being, Spiritual Wholeness, and Psychological Well-being Scale.  Eighty-three participants from the university in Bacolod City were purposively chosen to answer these tests. Findings revealed that the levels of emotional well-being and spiritual wholeness of midlife adults were very high. Also, no significant differences in both constructs were found.  The positive functioning of the respondents is high.  However, an average positive functioning of single respondents was revealed when the civil status was considered. It was concluded that both emotional well-being and spiritual wholeness are significantly related to the positive functioning of midlife adults. The results of the study will be utilized for the creation of a wellness program, which aims to improve the employee’s psychological well-being.
Health Risks in Natural Disasters: Four Case Studies in the Philippines
Authors: Lamberte Exaltacion E. , Demeterio III Feorillo Petronillo A. , Clamor Wilfred Luis L.
Published: October 2021

The Philippines is prone to a variety of natural calamities. Consequently, the community's health is impacted by many extreme events. This study investigates stakeholders' knowledge and preparedness in the face of major natural events and disasters, health impacts of disasters in the community, and different sectors' response amid extreme events, explicitly flooding, earthquakes, super typhoons, and volcanic eruptions. Data was gathered from four locations through interviews and focus group discussions, and available literature and situation reports. According to the narratives, residents' and local government units' awareness of an impending catastrophic event and disaster preparations are critical. Moreover, community members experienced various immediate, short-term, and long-term health impacts due to various disasters. Therefore, the lessons in this study should be used to improve its preparations, strategies, and protocols.
COVID-19 as an Anthroponosis: Toward a Nonspeciesist Criminology of Human-to-Animal Pathogen Transmission
Authors: Beirne Piers
Published: October 2021

This paper examines a potentially fatal type of pathogen transmission, namely, the spillover of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from COVID-19-positive humans to nonhuman animals. This neglected direction of pathogen transmission (“anthroponosis”) was first publicized in March 2020, when eight large felids at a zoo in New York City were infected with SARS-CoV-2 by a COVID-19-positive employee. The paper gathers and problematizes the as-yet sparse evidence of anthroponotic transmissions of SARS-CoV-2 at sites in the animal–industrial complex where animals are held captive in zoos; appointed as human companions; used in scientific experiments; and raised and slaughtered in industrialized agriculture. The great fear is that animals infected with SARS-CoV-2 by COVID-19-positive humans will develop mutant strains of the virus, that these variants will be transmitted back to humans, and that the variants will be immune to the vaccines currently in use or in development. When we harm animals, we harm ourselves. Never has the need for a nonspeciesist approach to public health and safety been more urgent.
Digital Disruption in the COVID-19 Era: The Impact on Learning and Students’ Ability to Cope with Study in an Unknown World
Authors: James Trixie , Toth Gabiela , Tomlins Melissa , Kumur Brijesh , Bond Kerry
Published: October 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic will forever be known as a disruptive dilemma that impacted many industries in Australia.  For the university sector, sudden lockdown and social distancing rules resulted in an acceleration in the provision of learning and teaching via online platforms, creating new challenges for students and educators. This project explored the ways in which an enabling course supported students through the forced transition from face-to-face classes to online learning due to the COVID-19 restrictions, and the students’ ability to adjust to the disruption caused by the pandemic. This unexpected change provided the opportunity to explore how enabling students perceived this experience and the effect it had on their ability to complete their units of study.  This paper presents findings on the impact that the abrupt transition to online learning had on the students’ educational experience and on their psychological and emotional wellbeing. It was found that most students experienced increased stress due to the changes in household dynamics, responsibilities and a different learning context, yet many reported improved study and technological skills, as well as an improved awareness of their ability to cope with change.
A magyar fogyasztók krónikus aflatoxin M1 expozíciója
Authors: Kerekes Kata , Csorba Szilveszter , Ambrus Árpád
Published: October 2021

A takarmányok mikotoxin szennyezettsége megjelenik az élelmiszerláncban. Az aflatoxinok az állatok szervezetében metabolizálódnak és metabolitjuk, az aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) – amely az aflatoxin B1-hez (AFB1) hasonlóan, de annál tízszer kisebb mértékben genotoxikus és rákkeltő – megjelenik a tejben, a májban, valamint a tojásban is. Ezek közül a legjelentősebb élelmiszerbiztonsági kockázatot a tej AFM1 szennyezése jelenti. Cikkünkben bemutatjuk a magyar fogyasztók tej és tejtermékek AFM1 szennyezése alapján determinisztikus módszerrel számított expozícióbecslését. Az eredmények azt jelzik, hogy a három évnél fiatalabb gyermekek kitettsége egyértelműen egészségügyi kockázatot jelent, a 3-6 éves korcsoport expozíciója pedig határeset. Az idősebb korcsoportok ng/testtömeg kg-ban kifejezett expozíciója a növekvő testtömeg következtében közvetlen egészségügyi kockázatot nem jelent. Hangsúlyozzuk azonban, hogy a rákkeltő vegyületek jelenlétét minden korcsoportban a lehető legalacsonyabb szinten kell tartani. Ennek érdekében a tej üzemi ellenőrzésének rendeleti módosítását javasoljuk.
Serratia fajok jellemzése, valamint Serratia marcescens kvalitatív kimutatása nyers és pasztőrözött tejből polimeráz láncreakción alapuló vizsgálati módszerrel
Authors: Korcz Evelin , Varga László , Kerényi Zoltán
Published: October 2021

A Serratia fajok elsősorban nozokomiális (kórházhigiénés fertőzés – a Szerk.) fertőzőként ismert opportunista patogén mikroorganizmusok, amelyek élelmiszer-minőségi elváltozásokat is okozhatnak. Az extracelluláris pigment-termelő Serratia marcescens tehéntejben való megjelenése annak piros elszíneződését okozza, kihívások elé állítva a tejipart és az élelmiszer-minősítő laboratóriumokat. A baktérium kimutatása hagyományos mikrobiológiai módszereken alapuló eljárásokkal idő- és munkaigényes, ezen túlmenően sok esetben nem is vezet eredményre, a kísérő mikroflóra kompetitív gátló hatása miatt. A vonatkozó szakirodalom elemzését követően a S. marcescens kimutatása kapcsán publikált végpont PCR módszereket és alkalmazott primereket in silico és in vitro vizsgálatban értékeltük, majd az eljárást üzemi tejmintákon teszteltük. A módszer alkalmazásával összesen 60 db nyers, illetve pasztőrözött tejmintát vizsgáltunk meg, amelyeknek több mint felét (32 db-ot) azonosítottuk S. marcescens pozitívként. Munkánk jelentőségét legfőképp a publikált vizsgálati módszerek élelmiszeripari gyakorlatban való alkalmazása adja. Eredményeink felhívják a figyelmet e baktériumfaj detektálásának a fontosságára.
Hey, Google, is it what the Holocaust looked like?
Authors: Makhortykh Mykola , Urman Aleksandra , Ulloa Roberto
Published: October 2021

By filtering and ranking information, search engines shape how individuals perceive both the present and past events. However, these information curation mechanisms are prone to malperformance that can misinform their users. In this article, we examine how search malperformance can influence representation of traumatic past by investigating image search outputs of six search engines in relation to the Holocaust in English and Russian. Our findings indicate that besides two common themes - commemoration and liberation of camps - there is substantial variation in visual representation of the Holocaust between search engines and languages. We also observe several instances of search malperformance, including content propagating antisemitism and Holocaust denial, misattributed images, and disproportionate visibility of specific Holocaust aspects that might result in its distorted perception by the public.
Uzaktan Eğitim Yoluyla Yapılan Hayat Bilgisi Dersine Yönelik Öğretmen Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: SUSAM Birol , GÖNÜL Almina , BAŞAR Begüm , DEMİR Mehmet Kaan
Published: October 2021

Tüm dünyayı etkisi altına alan COVİD-19 pandemisi toplumları tüm alanlarda etkisi altına almıştır. Pandemi sürecinde diğer alanlarda olduğu gibi eğitim alanında da bazı önlemler alınması zorunluluk haline gelmiştir. Bulaş riskinin azaltılması amacıyla yüz yüze eğitime ara verilerek uzaktan eğitime geçilmiştir. COVİD-19 pandemisi döneminde uzaktan eğitim yoluyla verilen Hayat Bilgisi derslerine yönelik öğretmen görüşlerini incelemeyi amaçlayan bu araştırma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgubilim desende planlanmıştır. Araştırma verilerini toplamak amacıyla görüşme soruları geliştirilmiştir. Elde edilen bu verilerin analizinde içerik analizi tekniği kullanılmıştır. Bulgulara göre uzaktan eğitim platformlarına erişimde yaşanan sorunların başında teknolojik donanım yetersizliği gelmektedir. Uzaktan eğitim yolu ile işlenen Hayat Bilgisi dersinde yaparak yaşayarak öğrenmenin gerçekleşmemesi büyük bir eksiklik olarak görülmüştür. Buna ek olarak öğrencilerin yeterince söz hakkı alamadığı, uzaktan eğitim yoluyla yapılan derslerde sunum ve video gibi dijital ders içeriklerinin paylaşımının daha kolay olduğu, somut aktivite yapılamadığı, uygulamalı etkinliklerin öğrenci için yetersiz kaldığı ve öğretmenlerin çoğunun uzaktan eğitim platformu kullanım bilgisine bağlı olarak kendilerini uzaktan eğitim konusundan yeterli hissettikleri anlaşılmıştır.
Uzaktan Eğitimle Türkçe Öğrenme Sürecinde A1 düzeyindeki Arap Öğrencilerin Karşılaştıkları Güçlükler ve Çözüm Önerileri
Authors: BAŞARAN Mustafa , BENSEGHİR Rania
Published: October 2021

Arap öğrencilerin COVİT-19 salgını sürecinde uzaktan eğitimle Türkçe öğrenimi sürecinde karşılaştıkları güçlükleri ve önerdikleri çözümleri tespit etmek amacıyla yapılan bu araştırmada nicel araştırma yaklaşımı ve alan araştırma yöntemlerinden tarama kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini Arap ülkelerinde yaşayan ve yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğrenen A1 düzeyindeki 100 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma sonucunda öğrencilerin en sık karşılaştıkları sorunlar, “uzaktan eğitimle ders işlerken yaşanan bağlantı problemleri”, “yayın kalitesinin düşüklüğü”, “evdeki fiziki imkanların sınırlı olması”, “saat farkı dolayısıyla ortaya çıkan problemler”, “ödevleri yalnız yapmanın zorluğu” ve “ekran karşısında uzun süre kalma” olarak sıralanabilir. Öğrencilerin önerdiği çözüm önerileri ise “uzaktan eğitim için günlük ders çalışma planı hazırlanması”, “pandemide egzersizler yaparak moral ve sağlığın korunması”, “Türkçe kitap okunması”, “derslerin tekrarının izlenmesi”, “ekran karşısında geçirilen zaman dikkat edilmesi”, “eğitsel oyunların oynanması”, “Türkçe film belgesel veya animasyonların izlenmesi”, “ders sorumlusuyla ders dışında da iletişime devam edilmesi” ve “sanal olarak Türkiye’de bulunan müze, sinema, tiyatroların gezilmesi” şeklindedir.
Lise Öğrencilerinin Benlik Saygılarının Bazı Değişkenlere Göre İncelenmesi
Authors: KAPLAN Venhar
Published: October 2021

Çalışmanın amacı, lise öğrencilerinin benlik saygısı düzeylerini saptamak ve bazı değişkenlere göre incelemektir. Araştırma betimsel tarama modelinde hazırlanmıştır. Araştırmaya, Kayseri İli Kocasinan, Melikgazi ve Talas merkez ilçelerindeki ortaöğretim kurumundaki 1058 öğrenci katılmıştır. Öğrencilerin kişisel bilgilerini öğrenebilmek için kişisel bilgi formu, benlik saygısı özelliklerini değerlendirebilmek amacıyla “Benlik Saygısı Ölçeği”nden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmada kullanılan ölçeğe ait güvenirlik ve geçerlik analizleri yapılarak, elde edilen verilerin analizinde, “frekans”, “yüzde”, “tek yönlü varyans analizi (Anova)”, “bağımsız örneklemler için t testi”, “Tukey testi (HSD)” analizlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular sonucunda öğrencilerin benlik saygısı düzeyleri incelendiğinde, Güzel Sanatlar Lisesi öğrencilerinin benlik saygıları, Meslek Lisesi öğrencilerine göre daha yüksektir. Öğrencilerin kardeş sayısı arttıkça benlik saygısı düzeyleri azalmaktadır. Buna karşın, öğrencilerin cinsiyet, yaş, sınıf düzeyi, sosyoekonomik durum, anne ve babanın öğrenim durumu değişkenleri ile benlik saygısı arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmamıştır. Ulaşılan sonuçlara bağlı olarak lise öğrencilerinin benlik saygısı düzeylerinin iyileştirilmesine yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur.
STRONGYLS BENZIMIDAZOLE RESISTANCE IN EQUINE FROM ZOO
Authors: CERNEA Mihai , CERNEA Cristina
Published: October 2021

The research in view of establishing the development and the way in which antihelmintical treatment influences epidemiological indexes, was carried out between October 2008 and May 2009 in equine species from zoos.

In the zoo located Targu Mures it was noticed am strongyls intensity of 2300 EPG - 8700 LPG in horses, and 700 EPG - 1400 LPG in ponies. In vitro effectiveness of bemzimidazoles (BZ) being low in both horses and ponies. In the zoo located in Turda the intensity of the strongyl parasitism reached the level of 900 EPG - 2300 LPG in horses and 2400EPG - 2800 LPG in ponies, the effectiveness of the benzimidazoles being low. In the zoo located in Baia Mare the intensity of strongyls infestation was of 900 EPG - 1600 LPG in horses, 1900 EPG – 2600 LPG in ponies, 900 EPG -1500 LPG in donkeys benzimidazoles treatment being proven effective.

Cyathostomum species are considered as having the most significant pathology in equines. Worldwide, anthelmintical treatment, especially in strongylatosis, faces an ever-increasing phenomenon of drug resistance, to phenotiazin, thiabendazole as well as other BZ and ProBZ, in the strongyls population. The lack of success in treatment using drug combinations (piperazin and phenotiazin; triclorfon and phenotiazin; diclorfos and morantel) have spurred the development of new substances to which strongyls have not developed resistance. Tong time treatment with the same substance leads to the development of drug-resistant strongyl population, thus a low effectiveness, below the desired level.
DETERMINATION OF PATHOGEN RESISTANCE TO STREPTOMYCIN
Authors: CHEREJI Anca , CHEREJI Rareş
Published: October 2021

This research was made in order to emphasize the actual incindence of the sensibility of various bacterial pathogens to streptomycin. The pathogens were identified as belonging to Staphylococcus, Escherichia, Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Salmonella, Proteus, Pasteurella and Pseudomonas genus.

Antimicrobial agar disk diffusion method was used to test the strains isolated from animals and the results were interpreted as resistant, intermediate and sensitive according to international standards.

Resistance in 100% percentage was registered for staphylococci and also for the pathogens from Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Proteus, Pasteurella, Pseudomonas genus. There wasalso resistance for Escherichia coli strains - 90%, and Salmonella - 50%.

Intermediary values of the antibacterial inhibition zones presented Salmonella (50%) and also Escherichia coli pathogens (10%). The only genus that was sensitive to streptomycin was Klebsiella.The frequency of resistance phenomenon to streptomycin was 87,5%, intermediary values for the inhibition zones – 8,33% and only 4,17% of the strains showed sensibility to this antibiotic.
THE PHILOGENY OF CLARIDES AND THE ECOMORPHOLOGY OF THE AFRICAN CATFISH
Authors: BOLOGAN Gheorghe Radu
Published: October 2021

The African catfish was introduced into romanian fish breeding starting with the year 2002. It is artificially breed, intensively, in a monoculture in a private ranch near Oradea.
IN UTERO TRANSPLANTATION OF HUMAN STEM CELLS USING AN ANIMAL MODEL: A COMPARISON BETWEEN TWO TECHNIQUES
Authors: GROZA Daria , PALL Emoke , CENARIU Mihai , POP Raul , Nicolae Nicolae , GROZA Ioan
Published: October 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of in utero stem cell transplantation of human umbilical cord blood stem cells in fetal sheep and to compare two different techniques of in utero transplantation, namely ultrasound-guided in utero transplantation and in utero transplantation after midline celiotomy.

Study design: Umbilical cord blood units were collected from term deliveries, after obtaining written informed consent. Human cord blood–derived, CD34+ stem cells were injected into the peritoneal cavity of 60- to 65-day-old ovine fetuses by using 2 different techniques: ultrasound-guided transabdominal percutaneous needle puncture and midline celiotomy with the exposure of the pregnant uterus. Engraftment was determined after birth by flow cytometry with use of human-specific anti-CD 34/45 antibodies.

Results: We obtained a total of 3 chimeric lambs. Using the midline celiotomy technique the fetal loss rate was 75% and only 33,3% when using ultrasound-guided transabdominal percutaneous needle puncture technique. Engraftment of donor cells was found in all fetuses, with a mean level of 1.4% in fetal peripheral blood and 3.3% in fetal bone marrow.

Conclusion: This preliminary study indicates that in utero stem cell transplantation of human hematopoietic cord blood stem cells in fetal lambs is feasible and effective in terms of hematopoietic engraftment. We also concluded that the ultrasound-guided transabdominal percutaneous needle puncture technique is more effective than performing a midline celiotomy in terms of fetal loss rate.