bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peningkatan Pembelajaran Sepakbola Menggunakan Permainan Sepakbola Mini Pada Peserta Didik Kelas V-A Sdn 4 Bukit Tunggal
Authors: Marhat Marhat
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini adalah perlunya meningkatkan hasil belajar dalam pembelajaran sepakbola dengan menggunakan permainan sepakbola mini pada Peserta didik Kelas V-A SDN 4 Bukit Tunggal Kota Palangka Raya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil pembelajaran sepakbola menggunakan permainan sepakbola mini pada Peserta didik Kelas V-A. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil pembelajaran sepakbola menggunakan permainan sepakbola mini pada Peserta didik Kelas V-A.

Dari hasil pengamatan yang diperoleh dengan bantuan check list dapat diperoleh hasil bahwa prosentase kemampuan aspek psikomotor, kognitif, dan afektif dari Peserta didik Kelas V-A SDN 4 Bukit Tunggal Kota Palangka Raya setelah diberikan pembelajaran terjadi peningkatan, pada siklus I dan siklus II prosentase mengalami peningkatan dari 73,9 % menjadi 86,4 %. Begitu juga dengan prosentase ketuntasan pada siklus I hanya mencapai 57,1 % dari jumlah Peserta didik yang ada. Dan pada siklus II mengalami kenaikan menjadi 92,9 %.

Dengan demikian tindakan pembelajaran sepakbola dengan menerapkan permainan sepakbola mini pada Peserta didik Kelas V-A SDN 4 Bukit Tunggal Kota Palangka Raya dapat dikatakan berhasil. Dan diharapkan bagi guru Pendidikan Jasmani di Sekolah Dasar untuk dapat menerapkan permainan sepakbola mini pada Peserta didik dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani, Olahraga dan Kesehatan.
Aktivitas Belajar Siswa Tema “Makanan Sehat” Melalui Pendekatan Saintifik Di Kelas V Sdn -5 Menteng Kota Palangka Raya
Authors: Endang Mugi Rahayu Sri , Sugiyanto Roso , Rianti Rianti , Lamiyang Lamiyang
Published: September 2021

Peningkatan mutu pendidikan dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai cara, salah satunya adalah dengan berusaha memahami siswa belajar dan bagaimana informasi yang diperoleh dapat diproses dan dapat bertahan lama dalam pikiran siswa, untuk itu perlu diupayakan penerapan iklim belajar yang tepat. Dalam proses pembelajaran guru adalah salah satu faktor yang menentukan keberhasilan pendidikan terutama dalam meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan. Hal ini disebabkan karena guru dari segi banyaknya maupun kualitasnya merupakan unsur yang secara langsung terlibat dalam kegiatan pendidikan. Guru dituntut untuk mampu mengembangkan diri dengan berbagai cara agar tujuan pembelajaran tercapai. Selama proses belajar mengajar berlangsung keaktifan siswa sangat kurang sekali dan terbatas. Hal ini menggambarkan belajar secara tradisional, dimana siswa hanya mendengar penjelasan dari guru sebagai satu-satunya sumber. Pembelajaran dengan pendekatan saintifik meliputi: mengamati, menanya, mencoba, menalar dan mengkomunikasikan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui aktivitas siswa selama proses pembelajaran dengan Tema “Makanan Sehat” Melalui Pendekatan Saintifik pada Siswa Kelas V C SDN -5 Menteng Kota Palangka Raya dengan jumlah siswa sebanyak 28 orang. Hasil penelitian aktivitas siswa dalam pembelajaran pada siklus I mendapat skor 2, 61 dengan kategori cukup baik sedangkan pada siklus II aktivitas siswa selama pembelajarn mengalami peningkatan menjadi 3,49 dengan kategori baik, dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pendekatan saintifik sangat sesuai dan baik untuk digunakan dalam setiap kegiatan pembelajaran.
INFOGRAFIS PANDEMI COVID-19 PADA MEDIA PERSS ONLINE DI INDONESIA
Authors: Handriyotopo
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT

 The phenomenon of infographics as a visual strategy attracts readers of digital newspapers to make them aware of the importance of protocols for the community as recommended by WHO and the government of the Republic of Indonesia in an effort to deal with the Covid-19 pandemic which is quite prevalent by online media perss. Through qualitative research methods on the phenomenon of infographic design with literature review of its constituent elements to find important infographic data in the online perss media. Literature research with literature studies as the object of covid-19 infographic material is in the local and national perss media which have been determined by positive sampling, the main ones are solopos.com, detik.com and kompas.com. The aim is to determine the visual elements of infographics and important messages of infographics in response to the Covid-19 pandemic related to health protocols during the new normal. The findings of this study are related to the form of infographics that are predominantly portrait or vertical where visual elements of color tend to be primary colors such as red, yellow, blue, and black to denote a pandemic-related color psychology. The visual metaphor tends to be iconic, such as the emphasis on header letters and the dominant copy (script) uses sanserif. Infographics always contain messages of equality in the meaning of complying with health protocols, such as the slogan of messages from 3 (three) M mothers, namely Wearing Masks, Washing Hands, and Maintaining Social Distancing which are the keywords for deciding the pandemic in all online perss.

 Keywords: Covid-19 infographics, aesthetics, visual rhetoric, online perss media
APLIKASI MOTIF BATIK PADA PAKAIAN APD
Authors: Aan Sudarwanto
Published: September 2021

Artikel ini merupakan hasil penelitian terapan dengan pendekatan eksperimentasi.  Fokus penelitian  pada penerapan motif ke  pakaian APD, agar memberikan kesan familier dan indah. Penelitian ini  bertujuan untuk menjawab permasalahan   tentang aplikasi pengembangan motif batik. Bahwa motif batik  tidak hanya digunakan dalam busana formal saja namun dapat masuk ke semua ranah termasuk ke dalam pakaian APD. Tujuan kedua   adalah untuk membuat model (penerapan motif pada pakaian APD) sehingga dapat digunakan pada industri fasyen. Penelitian diharapkan memberi kontribusi terhadap munculnya inovasi baru (pakaian APD bermotif). Metode yang dilakukan menggunakan  eksperimentasu untuk menghasilkan model. Dimulai dengan mencari kemungkinan pemanfaatan menggunakan rancangan dari program komputer grafis. Dengan sasaran  dibatasi  pada masalah pengembangan motif dan aplikasinya pada pakaian APD. Objek penelitiannya adalah pakaian APD. Adapun langkah-langkah perancangan untuk menghasilkan model yang berupa prototipe diawali dengan melakukan riset emik dan etik kemudian melakukan eksperimen melalui perenungan dengan mereka-reka pengembangan motif yang bersumber dari motif batik untuk disesuaikan dengan pakaian APD dengan mencari kesesuaiannya yang berdasar kaidah estetika dan dilanjutkan dengan pembentukan. Hasil penelitian ini berupa model prototipe pakaian APD bermotif dengan beberapa variasi yang dihasilkan dari strategi keteknikan dalam pengerjaannya.

 Kata kunci: pakaian, APD, motif, batik
Effects of Migration Experience on Labour Income in Turkey
Authors: Dudu Selda , Rojo Teresa
Published: September 2021

A significant number of migrants return to their home country every year, and these returnees with migration experience join the labour force. This study investigates the effect of migration experience on labour income applying regression analysis to data from the Household Labour Force Surveys of Turkey from 2009 to 2018. The findings confirm that migration experience has a positive impact on labour income in Turkey. Furthermore, the returnees earn more than the overall wage earners with the same education and skill levels. Additional findings show that women in Turkey earn less than men across all wage earners in the average, but that migration experience does not close the earnings gap between female and male returnees. Nevertheless, highly-educated and upskilled returnees contribute more to the economic growth of Turkey; so, the returnees are labour capital gains to improve the home country economy.
Alleviation of arsenic accumulation in rice by applying silicon-rich rice husk residues in Bangladesh soil
Authors: Mamud A , Saha B , Hossain SA , Chowdhury MTA
Published: September 2021

While the accumulation of arsenic in rice (Oryza sativa L.) has been highlighted as a major concern in Bangladesh, sustainable measures are critically needed to reduce the uptake of arsenic by rice plants. In the present study, a pot-experiment was conducted using a Boro rice variety (BRRI dhan-29) in two geomorphologically different soils from Holocene floodplains and Pleistocene terraces, in which silicon-rich fresh rice husk (FRH) and rice husk ash (RHA) were applied, as silicon fertilisers, in the soils at the rate of 1% (w/w) of rice residue:soil.In the Holocene floodplain soils, the application of FRH was found to decrease arsenic in grain, husk and straw by 42, 56 and 51%, respectively, whereas the soil incorporation of RHA decreased arsenic in grain, husk and straw by 26, 37.5 and 36%, respectively. In the Pleistocene terrace soils, the application of FRH reduced the grain, husk and straw arsenic by 38, 38 and 44%, respectively, whereas the RHA decreased the grain, husk and straw arsenic by 26, 30 and 29%, respectively. Fresh rice husk was found to be more effective in alleviating arsenic accumulation in rice than RHA. In both the Holocene floodplain and Pleistocene terrace soils, the grain concentrations of calcium, phosphorus, silicon, and zinc were found to be increased with the decrease of arsenic in the grain due to the use of FRH and RHA. The present study suggests that silicon-rich rice husk residue scan be used as silicon fertilisers to reduce arsenic accumulation in rice in Bangladesh.
Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.56(3), 195-206, 2021
Potential of Ulva linza L. and Caulerpa racemosa var. uvifera seaweeds from Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh as sea vegetable
Authors: Aziz A , Roy SK , Hassan A , Haque MZ , Shahjadee UF , Mondal K , Mohanta LC , Mashuk OF , Saha BK
Published: September 2021

The nutritional quality parameters of leafy Ulva linza L. collected from the west coast of the Naf river estuary, Teknaf and grape-like Caulerpa racemosa var. uvifera collected from St. Martin's Island, Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh, were studied. Total protein content in U. linza (22.05±1.73%) was found significantly (p<0.05) higher than C. racemosa var. uvifera (18.20±1.50%) but with low crude lipids in the former; total amino acid content was also higher in the former, both having nearly the same amount of essential and non-essential amino acids; vitamin C content (about 2.5 mg/100 g) was nearly identical but β -carotene content was higher in the later (9.04 mg/100 g dry wt.). Crude fiber in U. linza was low (4.21±0.43%) but high in C. racemosa var. uvifera (18.20±1.50%). Other micronutrients were also ascertained. The nutritional quality parameters determined suggested that the “sea-salad” and “sea- grapes” can be used as sea-vegetables and food supplements.
Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.56(3), 223-230, 2021
Comparison among the Role of Different Imaging Techniques in Diagnosis of Malignant Lesions Causing Obstructive Jaundice
Authors: Salam Farhana , Islam Nadia Farzana , M Nazmul Huda , Parveen Farzana , Afrin Tangina , HA Nazmul Hakim , , Saha Tapan Kumar
Published: September 2021

Introduction: The expanding spectrum of therapeutic options for patients with Obstructive /surgical jaundice makes it necessary for the surgeon to precisely assess the etiology, location, level and extent of disease before operation. Aims were to compare the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of different imaging techniques like ultrasonography (USG), Computed tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in evaluation of patients with malignant obstructive jaundice and correlation of histopathological findings after surgical/ therapeutic intervention. Methods: It was a prospective observational study conducted in the Department of General Surgery and Hepatobilliary unit, Dhaka Medical College Hospital and Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka during January 2015 to December 2015 for duration of one year to find out the role of different imaging techniques in diagnosis of malignant lesions causing obstructive jaundice in 50 cases who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Initial USG evaluation was followed by CT scan, MRCP and ERCP. The results were read by radiologists blinded to other imaging findings. Surgically fit patients with a stage of resectability should be offered the option of surgical resection for cure. For unresectable malignancies, the choice is between surgical palliation/bypass and ERCP with drainage. The characteristic surgical findings or ERCP features and histopathological diagnosis were recorded methodically as final. Results: Malignant obstructive jaundice is the commonest amongst the males and mean age was 47.56 ± 13.191 and the commonest etiology was Ca head of pancreas (30%). Diagnostic accuracy of MRCP (98%) in the diagnosis of malignant obstructive jaundice was relatively high (98%) as compared to ERCP (89.5%), CT (91.43%), USG (89.97%) in malignant obstructive jaundice respectively. In the diagnosis of malignant diseases, MRCP was more sensitive (95.83%) as compared to ERCP (89%), CT scan (91.67%) and ultrasonography (78.17%). Regarding specificity MRCP (100%) was the high in comparison among ERCP (94%), CT (90.91%) and USG (96.15%).Conclusion: It is concluded that malignant obstructive jaundice is the commonest amongst the males. Ca head of pancreas was the commonest malignant etiology in malignant obstructive jaundice. MRCP was superior to among USG, CT scan or ERCP in studying the malignant lesions.
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2021; 39: 233-240
Efektifitas Metode Scramble Dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam di SDN Balonggabus Sidoarjo
Authors: Hakim Femiliana
Published: September 2021

Islamic religious education learning (PAI) at elementary school has been dominated teacher and is not conducted maximally. This causes students' attention less focused in the teaching and learning process. To overcme this problem, it needs an alternative learning method. This article is descriptive analytic using a qualitative approach. The data is collected used literature study. The research results indicate three things. The first is, the scramble method is a relatively new learning technique, it also makes students are actively involved in the teaching and learning process. The second is, PAI learning is still dominated by the teacher which causes students to be less active and resulted learning outcomes too low. The third is, the scramble method is very important to be applied in PAI learning for elementary schools. This is done to improve student learning outcomes and change the monotonous learning methods.

[Pembelajaran pendidikan agama Islam (PAI) pada jenjang sekolah dasar menunjukkan masih didominasi belum berlangsung secara maksimal. Hal ini menyebabkan perhatian siswa kurang fokus saat belajar di sekolah. Diperlukan metode pembelajaran alternatif untuk mengakhiri permasalahan ini. Artikel ini bersifat deskriptif-analitik dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengumpulan datanya menggunakan studi kepustakaan. Hasil pembahasan tulisan ini menunjukkan kepada tiga hal. Pertama menunjukkan bahwa metode scramble adalah teknik pembelajaran yang tergolong baru dan mampu menjadikan siswa aktif dalam proses pembelajaran. Kedua adalah kondisi pembelajaran PAI selama ini masih didominasi oleh metode ceramah yang menyebabkan siswa kurang aktif sehingga hasil belajar siswa masih tergolong rendah. Ketiga adalah metode scramble semakin penting (urgent) untuk diterapkan dalam pembelajaran PAI pada sekolah dasar. Hal ini didorong keinginan untuk menaikkan hasil belajar siswa dan mengakhiri metode pembelajaran yang selama ini masih monoton]
Berpikir Reflektif Siswa Kelas V-A MI Tanwirul Fuad Sumberjo dalam Memecahkan Masalah Matematika Materi Pecahan
Authors: Yuanita Dianis Izztul , Muchib Azhari Mohamad
Published: September 2021

So far, the tendency of mathematics teachers to not optimize students' mathematical thinking skills in learning, especially higher order thinking skills. One of the higher order thinking skills is reflective thinking. Reflective thinking is a directed and precise process in which individuals analyze, evaluate, motivate, gain deep meaning, using appropriate learning strategies. The reflective thinking ability according to Surbeck, Han and Moyer has 3 phases/levels, namely reacting, comparing, and contemplating. The purpose of this study was to describe students' reflective thinking skills in solving math problems with fractions in class V-A MI Tanwirul Fuad Sumberjo. As a source of data taken 6 students from 27 students. In this study data collection techniques used, namely tests, interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique used is qualitative data analysis with data reduction steps, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Data analysis was carried out by: 1) presenting the data, 2) comparing the test result data with interviews conducted with students, and 3) concluding the data.

[Selama ini kecenderungan para guru matematika kurang mengoptimalkan kemampuan berpikir matematika siswa dalam pembelajaran, terutama kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi. Salah satu kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi adalah berpikir reflektif. Berpikir reflektif adalah proses terarah dan tepat dimana individu menganalisis, mengevaluasi, memotivasi, mendapatkan makna mendalam, menggunakan strategi pembelajaran yang tepat. Kemampuan berpikir reflektif menurut Surbeck, Han dan Moyer memiliki 3 fase/tingkatan yaitu reacting, comparing, dan contemplating. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan berpikir reflektif siswa dalam memecahkan masalah matematika materi pecahan di kelas V-A MI Tanwirul Fuad Sumberjo. Sebagai sumber data diambil 6 siswa dari 27 siswa. Dalam penelitian ini teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan, yaitu tes, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis data kualitatif dengan langkah-langkah reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan cara: 1) menyajikan data, 2) membandingkan data hasil tes dengan wawancara yang dilakukan terhadap siswa, dan 3) menyimpulkan data]
DEMOGRAPHIC SITUATION IN THE PRIMORSKY TERRITORY
Authors: Rasskazova V. N. , Kiku P. F. , Sakharova O. B. , Volkova M. V. , Tuchina M. E. , Tregubenko A. Yu.
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Russian national demographic policy aims at increasing life expectancy, reducing mortality, increasing birth rate, and regulating internal and external migration to protect and promote health of the population. Aim: To analyze the demographic situation in the Primorsky Territory in the Russian Far East. Methods: A descriptive study. Secondary data from the Medical Information and Analytical Center of the Ministry of Health of the Primorsky Territory for 2009-2019, State report on the state of health of the population in the Primorsky Territory for 2017-2019; data of the Territorial Body of the Federal State Statistics Service for the Primorsky Territory (Primorskstatupravlenie) "Primorsky Statistical Yearbook" for 2017-2019 and data from the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation "Healthcare in Russia in 20112019". Absolute and relative values, indicators of a time serie were calculated. Results: The overall population decreased by 2.3 % from 2013 to 2019. The proportion of rural population decreased to 22.6 % while the proportion of the urban residents increased to 77.4 %. The total number of women exceeds the number of men by 4.4 %. The proportion of the population under the working age was 17.9 %, while the corresponding proportion of the people over the working age was 25.1 %. The proportion of the population aged 0-14 years increased by 0.14 % while the share of the working age population decreased by 1.38 %. The population turnover ratio was 23.2 %, and the share of natural decrease was 17.0 %. The birth rate has been decreasing every year and it was 9.6 per 1 000 in 2019. The overall mortality rate was 13.6 per 1 000exceeding the national average by 10.6 %. Infant mortality rate was 6.4 per 1 000 in 2019, which is 30 % higher than the national data. Conditions of perinatal period was the main cause of death in infancy Conclusion: Our assessment indicates that the process of depopulation in the Primorsky Territory continues warranting development and implementation of regional measures to improve the demographic situation.
GENDER VARIATIONS IN ELF-PRESERVING BEHAVIOR DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AMONG THE STUDENTS IN SARATOV
Authors: Blinova T. V. , Vyalshina A. A. , Nozhkina I. A.
Published: September 2021

Introduction: The role of human behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic is of paramount importance to control the epidemic. However, this issue has been little studied in Russia, particularly among the students. Aim: To study gender aspects of the attitude of students to the COVID-19 pandemic as well as their self-preserving behavior patterns. Methods: A pilot questionnaire survey in a simple random sample of 216 students aged 17-25 years (36.1 % men) living in Saratov was performed in November 2020. was Categorical variabes were compared using Pearson's cho-squared test. All statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS 17.0 software. Results: The value of health was greater among the women than among the men. Women were more likely to report adhering to preventive measures. The proportion of women regularly using antiseptics was 57.4 % vs. 42.1% in men. The proportion of those who were not cautious about their behavior during the pandemic was 10.3 % among the men compared to only 2.2 % among the women. As many as 16.7 % of the men and 8.7 % of the women (p = 0.08) were so-called COVID-19 skeptics, who considered the risks to be exaggerated and denied the pandemic reporting that it was a phenomenon propagated by the media. Statisitically significant gender differences were observed for fears regarding potential shortage of medicines and personal protective equipment (p = 0.01), as well as in the proportion of those who were not afraid of anything (p = 0,01). Significant gender differences were also observed for the regular use of antiseptics, reflecting the readiness to take anti-epidemic measures (p = 0.01). Concluzion: Models of self-preserving behavior of students during the COVID-19 pandemic and gender differences in social fears as well aspeculiarities of the subjective attitude towards anti-epidemic measures should be taken into account when developing measures to protect the population during the pandemic.
Designing and Implementing a Distance Education Plan: A Case Study at a School in Portugal in Pandemic Context
Authors: Gonçalves Bruno Miguel F.
Published: September 2021

Considering the epidemiological situation of the new coronavirus - COVID 19 in Portugal, the XXII Constitutional Government decided, in March 2020, to suspend all classroom teaching and non-teaching activities in all educational establishments in the national territory. Consequently, all Portuguese educational institutions had to adapt to the new educational reality, where technologies play a leading role in ensuring communication, interaction and collaboration between all stakeholders in the teaching-learning process. Naturally, this adaptation took time and was accompanied by several opinions and guidelines issued by the Ministry of Education and other responsible entities. In general, these guidelines aimed to ensure that all students continue to learn in a pandemic context, regardless of geographical and temporal barriers. One of the guidelines issued was the design, development and implementation of a Distance Learning Plan in each of the Portuguese schools. Thus, based on the case study methodology, we intend to demonstrate the process of designing and implementing a distance education plan in a school in Portugal. The plan was categorized into three main areas - technology, pedagogy, and content - and arise from the theoretical model Technological, Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK). This plan was developed based on the consultation of all educational agents in that school, but, in a special way, of the students and teachers who were the protagonists in the educational process. Participant observation, recorded in the researcher's diary, was also another instrument used that contributed to the design of the distance education plan. The results of the study suggest that the plan designed, despite the improvements that it naturally had to have during its implementation, was adequate for the realization of the process of teaching and learning at a distance in times of pandemic.
Construction dewatering in reclaimed land in Hong Kong — a review of best practices
Authors: Laver Rich
Published: September 2021

A sound understanding of groundwater engineering principles is a prerequisite for effective construction dewatering and the associated pumping tests. This paper makes practical recommendations to improve dewatering designs in reclaimed land in Hong Kong and the interpretation of groundwater monitoring data. The paper first introduces the reader to the hydrogeology of Hong Kong and its implications on dewatering. It then draws upon experiences in Hong Kong, reviewing and recommending best practices in groundwater monitoring, and the design of extraction and recharge wells.
‘The Eagles are coming!’: A Pneumatological Reinterpretation of the Old Germanic ‘Beasts of Battle’ Motif in the Works of J.R.R. Tolkien
Authors: Neubauer Łukasz
Published: September 2021

J.R.R. Tolkien’s imagination is invariably abundant in all sorts of peoples, races, and other forms of intelligent life, including those whose prototypes could be encountered in the natural world and which found their way into Tolkien’s fiction with little alteration to their physical properties and only some modification of their often deep-rooted framework of cultural associations in Indo-European lore. This last group includes, amongst others, the Great Eagles of the Misty Mountains, Tolkien’s ‘dangerous machine’, whose two principal affiliations appear to be with, on the one hand, the pre-Christian beliefs of the Germanic peoples (via the so-called beasts of battle) and, on the other, the pneumatological soteriology of the Roman Catholic Church (via the eagle as a creative recasting of the evangelical ‘dove’). The present article is an attempt to demonstrate that these seemingly incompatible ingredients in fact came to be quite seamlessly unified in The Hobbit and, in particular, The Lord of the Rings, providing even more depth to the powerful Christian substratum of Tolkien’s fiction.
Geodesic accuracy of railway networks Ukraine in connection with accession to the eu
Authors:   Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport, Shevchenko Anna , Matviienko Oleksander ,   Engineering systems "El-term", Manuylenko Vladimir ,   Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport, Uzhvieva Elena ,   Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport, Maliavin Anatoliy ,   Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport, Chechuha Oleksand ,   National Transport University
Published: September 2021

The operation of international transport corridors is primarily assessed in terms of direct economic efficiency. Profit associated with the transit of transport operations and cargo. However, projects for the creation and development of international transport corridors always entail socio-economic changes. Including: the development of industrial and social infrastructure, the transformation of industrial and economic relations, environmental change, etc. This article discusses the existing problems and the ways of Ukraine’s transition to standards (survey, design, construction, operation, modernization stages) and rules operating the railways of the European Union. Taking into account the actual technical condition of the infrastructure of the Ukrainian railway. The parameters limiting the speed of the existing sections of the railway are considered. These include - the radius of the curve, the length of the transition curve, displacement, increase in the external rail, insufficient increase; type of the upper part of the route and its wear; directed translations; artificial constructions; passenger platforms; communication and blocking systems; energy saving systems; rolling stock; train speed and more. Line plan analysis on curves and straight sections of international transport corridors. Calculations using the method of registration of measurement accuracy in high-speed movement confirmed the urgent need to account for the volume of labor costs. The cost of restructuring curves and energy savings to establish rational parameters of the plan in accordance with the specified maximum speed levels.
Constraints of optimization of statistical analysis of data of engineerig monitoring of transport networks
Authors:   National Transport University, Kuzminets Nikolai , Dubovenko Yurii ,   National Transport University
Published: September 2021

Time series for the technical monitoring of the transportation networks include interference and omissions. Their analysis requires the special statistical analysis. Known statistical packages do not contain a full cycle for processing of large time series. The linear timeline for the processing of periodic data is not available in digital statistics. The sliding window approach is suitable for processing of interrupted time series. Its disadvantage is the restriction on the length of the row and the sensitivity to data gaps. The graph of the time series process­ing needs the internal optimization. The necessary steps for optimizing of the time series processing graph are determined. They are as follows: store data in an internal database, build the data samples on a single time scale, sampling based on the meta-description of the series, averaging in a sliding window, calendar bindings and omission masks, generalization of graphs, storage of graphics in vector format and so on. The conditions for the study of series are revealed such as the database, calendar structure of data, processing of the gaps, a package of numerical methods of analysis, processing in a sliding window.
Simulation of the influence of the integral indicator for formation and use of intellectual capital on the generalized criterion of competitiveness and investment attractiveness of construction companies
Authors:   National Transport University, Slavinska Olena , Prunenko Dmytro ,   O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv
Published: September 2021

The article defines the directions of modeling the influence of the integral indicator of the formation and use of intellectual capital on generalizing criteria of competitiveness and investment attractiveness of construction enterprises. A high level of influence of the integral indicator of the formation and use of intellectual capital on the level of competitiveness is established. It is proved that the investment attractiveness at a low level is determined by the directions of formation and use of the intellectual capital of construction enterprises. The results of modeling have formed the basis for the growth of the level of competitiveness and investment attractiveness through the adoption of sound management decisions.
Methodology of digitalization of engineering and cartographic information at the reconstruction of transport communications
Authors:   National Transport University, Kuzminets Nikolai , Dubovenko Yurii ,   National Transport University
Published: September 2021

The paper describes the process of entering into the computer of the technical raster information from paper engineering and geological maps, which accompanies the reconstruction of transport communications. It is proposed to formalize the process of the automatic input and the digitiza­tion of the technical information using the proprietary software MapInfo Professional, which is a gene­ral-purpose mapping geographic information system (GIS). It is shown that the technology of working at a raster substrate allows us to combine both raster and vector layers of initial engineering map. This operation significantly increases the accuracy and speed of digitization of the input data. It has been found that such a method of the digitization does not require the involvement of the external special devices in order to transfer the needed information from the paper base to digital form one. It is proposed to use the point-based objects on maps (as the stations, the measurement points, the observations and the values of technical monitoring indicators, etc.) for digitization procedure, rather than the isolines themselves. A significant advantage of the proposed procedure there is the use of the right rectangular coordinate system and the solid coordinate point binding before the vectorization of mapping objects.
Ionic Liquids/SiO2 Supporting Pd Nanoparticles: Efficient Catalysts in Hydrogenation Reaction
Authors: Taís Hartz , Daiane Fischer , de Fraga Karina , Carla Scheeren
Published: September 2021

Palladium nanoparticles (ca. 4.8 nm) were synthesized in presence of 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetraflouroborate (BMI.BF4) and 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMI.PF6) and PMI.Si.(OMe)3.Cl functionalized ionic liquids using the sol-gel method. The characteristics of the sol-gel method, ionic liquid on the palladium content was studied, as well as the silica morphology and texture of the support and the hydrogenation activity. The palladium content in the resulting xerogels (ca. 0.22 wt% Pd/SiO2) was shown to be independent of the sol-gel process. The xerogels synthesized in acidic conditions formed materials with larger pore diameters, which in turn might be responsible for the higher catalytic activity in hydrogenation of the alkenes and arenes obtained with the heterogeneous catalyst (Pd/ILs/SiO2).
Global SUMOylome Adjustments in Basal Defenses of Arabidopsis thaliana Involve Complex Interplay Between SMALL-UBIQUITIN LIKE MODIFIERs and the Negative Immune Regulator SUPPRESSOR OF rps4-RLD1
Authors: Kasera Mritunjay , Ingole Kishor D. , Rampuria Sakshi , Walia Yashika , Gassmann Walter , Bhattacharjee Saikat
Published: September 2021

Steady-state SUMOylome of a plant is adjusted locally during developmental transitions and more globally during stress exposures. We recently reported that basal immunity in Arabidopsis thaliana against Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato strain DC3000 (PstDC3000) is associated with strong enhancements in the net SUMOylome. Transcriptional upregulations of SUMO conjugases, suppression of protease, and increased SUMO translations accounted for this enhanced SUMOylation. Antagonistic roles of SUMO1/2 and SUMO3 isoforms further fine-tuned the SUMOylome adjustments, thus impacting defense amplitudes and immune outcomes. Loss of function of SUPPRESSOR OF rps4-RLD1 (SRFR1), a previously reported negative regulator of basal defenses, also caused constitutive increments in global SUMO-conjugates through similar modes. These suggest that SRFR1 plays a pivotal role in maintenance of SUMOylation homeostasis and its dynamic changes during immune elicitations. Here, we demonstrate that SRFR1 degradation kinetically precedes and likely provides the salicylic acid (SA) elevations necessary for the SUMOylome increments in basal defenses. We show that SRFR1 not only is a SUMOylation substrate but also interacts in planta with both SUMO1 and SUMO3. In sum1 or sum3 mutants, SRFR1 stabilities are reduced albeit by different modes. Whereas a srfr1 sum1 combination is lethal, the srfr1 sum3 plants retain developmental defects and enhanced immunity of the srfr1 parent. Together with increasing evidence of SUMOs self-regulating biochemical efficiencies of SUMOylation-machinery, we present their impositions on SRFR1 expression that in turn counter-modulates the SUMOylome. Overall, our investigations reveal multifaceted dynamics of regulated SUMOylome changes via SRFR1 in defense-developmental balance.
Lack of IRF6 Disrupts Human Epithelial Homeostasis by Altering Colony Morphology, Migration Pattern, and Differentiation Potential of Keratinocytes
Authors: Girousi Eleftheria , Muerner Lukas , Parisi Ludovica , Rihs Silvia , von Gunten Stephan , Katsaros Christos , Degen Martin
Published: September 2021

Variants within the gene encoding for the transcription factor Interferon Regulatory Factor 6 (IRF6) are associated with syndromic and non-syndromic Cleft Lip/Palate (CLP) cases. IRF6 plays a vital role in the regulation of the proliferation/differentiation balance in keratinocytes and is involved in wound healing and migration. Since a fraction of CLP patients undergoing corrective cleft surgery experience wound healing complications, IRF6 represents an interesting candidate gene linking the two processes. However, Irf6 function has been mainly studied in mice and knowledge on IRF6 in human cells remains sparse. Here, we aimed to elucidate the role of IRF6 in human postnatal skin- and oral mucosa-derived keratinocytes. To do so, we applied CRISPR/Cas9 to ablate IRF6 in two TERT-immortalized keratinocyte cultures, which we used as model cell lines. We show that IRF6 controls the appearance of single cells and colonies, with the latter being less cohesive in its absence. Consequently, IRF6 knockout keratinocytes often moved as single cells instead of a collective epithelial sheet migration but maintained their epithelial character. Lack of IRF6 triggered severe keratinocyte differentiation defects, which were already apparent in the stratum spinosum and extended to the stratum corneum in 3D organotypic skin cultures, while it did not alter their growth rate. Finally, proteomics revealed that most of the differentially expressed proteins in the absence of IRF6 could be associated with differentiation, cell-cell adhesion as well as immune response. Our data expand the knowledge on IRF6 in human postnatal keratinocytes, which will help to better understand IRF6-related pathologies.
Expression Profile Analysis of Long Non-coding RNA in OVX Models-Derived BMSCs for Postmenopausal Osteoporosis by RNA Sequencing and Bioinformatics
Authors: Gu Huijie , Huang Zhongyue , Zhou Kaifeng , Chen Guangnan , Bian Chong , Xu Jun , Yin Xiaofan
Published: September 2021

Osteoporosis (OP) has the characteristics of a systematically impaired bone mass, strength, and microstructure. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are longer than 200 nt, and their functions in osteoporosis is yet not completely understood. We first harvested the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) from ovariectomy (OVX) and sham mice. Then, we systematically analyzed the differential expressions of lncRNAs and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and constructed lncRNA–mRNA coexpression network in order to identify the function of lncRNA in osteoporosis. Totally, we screened 743 lncRNAs (461 upregulated lncRNAs and 282 downregulated lncRNAs) and 240 mRNAs (128 upregulated and 112 downregulated) with significantly differential expressions in OP compared to normal. We conducted Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional analyses to investigate the functions and pathways of the differential expression of messenger RNAs (mRNAs), a coexpressed network of lncRNA/mRNA. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) validated that the expressions of NONMMUT096150.1, NONMMUT083450.1, and NONMMUT029743.2 were all downregulated, whereas NONMMUT026970.2, NONMMUT051734.2, NONMMUT003617.2, and NONMMUT034049.2 were all upregulated in the OVX group. NONMMUT096150.1, as a key lncRNA in OP, was identified to modulate the adipogenesis of BMSCs. Further analysis suggested that NONMMUT096150.1 might modulate the adipogenesis of BMSCs via the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway, AMPK signaling pathway, and the lipolysis regulation in adipocyte and adipocytokine signaling pathway. Our study expands the understanding of lncRNA in the pathogenesis of OP.
Death Receptors DR4 and DR5 Undergo Spontaneous and Ligand-Mediated Endocytosis and Recycling Regardless of the Sensitivity of Cancer Cells to TRAIL
Authors: Artykov Artem A. , Yagolovich Anne V. , Dolgikh Dmitry A. , Kirpichnikov Mikhail P. , Trushina Daria B. , Gasparian Marine E.
Published: September 2021

Tumor necrosis factor-associated ligand inducing apoptosis (TRAIL) induces apoptosis through the death receptors (DRs) 4 and 5 expressed on the cell surface. Upon ligand stimulation, death receptors are rapidly internalized through clathrin-dependent and -independent mechanisms. However, there have been conflicting data on the role of death receptor endocytosis in apoptotic TRAIL signaling and possible cell type-specific differences in TRAIL signaling have been proposed. Here we have compared the kinetics of TRAIL-mediated internalization and subsequent recycling of DR4 and DR5 in resistant (HT-29 and A549) and sensitive (HCT116 and Jurkat) tumor cell lines of various origin. TRAIL stimulated the internalization of both receptors in a concentration-dependent manner with similar kinetics in sensitive and resistant cell lines without affecting the steady-state expression of DR4 and DR5 in cell lysates. Using the receptor-selective TRAIL variant DR5-B, we have shown that DR5 is internalized independently of DR4 receptor. After internalization and elimination of TRAIL from culture medium, the receptors slowly return to the plasma membrane. Within 4 h in resistant or 6 h in sensitive cells, the surface expression of receptors was completely restored. Recovery of receptors occurred both from newly synthesized molecules or from trans-Golgi network, as cycloheximide and brefeldin A inhibited this process. These agents also suppressed the expression of cell surface receptors in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, indicating that DRs undergo constitutive endocytosis. Inhibition of receptor endocytosis by sucrose led to sensitization of resistant cells to TRAIL and to an increase in its cytotoxic activity against sensitive cells. Our results confirm the universal nature of TRAIL-induced death receptor endocytosis, thus cell sensitivity to TRAIL can be associated with post-endocytic events.
Using Immune-Related Long Non-coding Ribonucleic Acids to Develop a Novel Prognosis Signature and Predict the Immune Landscape of Colon Cancer
Authors: Wang Xu , Chen Ke , Wang Zhenglin , Xu Yuanmin , Dai Longfei , Bai Tao , Chen Bo , Yang Wenqi , Chen Wei
Published: September 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to construct a novel signature to predict the survival of patients with colon cancer and the associated immune landscape, based on immune-related long noncoding ribonucleic acids (irlncRNAs).

Methods: Expression profiles of irlncRNAs in 457 patients with colon cancer were retrieved from the TCGA database (https://portal.gdc.cancer.gov). Differentially expressed (DE) irlncRNAs were identified and irlncRNA pairs were recognized using Lasso regression and Cox regression analyses. Akaike information criterion (AIC) values of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were calculated to identify the ideal cut-off point for dividing patients into two groups and constructing the prognosis signature. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to validate the expression of LINC02195 and SCARNA9 in colon cancer.

Results: We identified 22 irlncRNA pairs and patients were divided into high-risk and low-risk groups based on the calculated risk score using these 22 irlncRNA pairs. The irlncRNA pairs were significantly related to patient survival. Low-risk patients had a significantly longer survival time than high-risk patients (p < 0.001). The area under the curve of the signature to predict 5-year survival was 0.951. The risk score correlated with tumor stage, infiltration depth, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis. The risk score remained significant after univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. A nomogram model to predict patient survival was developed based on the results of Cox regression analysis. Immune cell infiltration status, expression of some immune checkpoint genes, and sensitivity to chemotherapeutics were also related to the risk score. The results of qRT-PCR revealed that LINC02195 and SCARNA9 were significantly upregulated in colon cancer tissues.

Conclusion: The constructed prognosis signature showed remarkable efficiency in predicting patient survival, immune cell infiltration status, expression of immune checkpoint genes, and sensitivity to chemotherapeutics.
Interactions Between Pathogenic Burkholderia and the Complement System: A Review of Potential Immune Evasion Mechanisms
Authors: Syed Irum , Wooten R. Mark
Published: September 2021

The genusBurkholderiacontains over 80 different Gram-negative species including both plant and human pathogens, the latter of which can be classified into one of two groups: theBurkholderia pseudomalleicomplex (Bpc) or theBurkholderia cepaciacomplex (Bcc). Bpc pathogensBurkholderia pseudomalleiandBurkholderia malleiare highly virulent, and both have considerable potential for use as Tier 1 bioterrorism agents; thus there is great interest in the development of novel vaccines and therapeutics for the prevention and treatment of these infections. While Bcc pathogensBurkholderia cenocepacia,Burkholderia multivorans, andBurkholderia cepaciaare not considered bioterror threats, the incredible impact these infections have on the cystic fibrosis community inspires a similar demand for vaccines and therapeutics for the prevention and treatment of these infections as well. Understanding how these pathogens interact with and evade the host immune system will help uncover novel therapeutic targets within these organisms. Given the important role of the complement system in the clearance of bacterial pathogens, this arm of the immune response must be efficiently evaded for successful infection to occur. In this review, we will introduce theBurkholderiaspecies to be discussed, followed by a summary of the complement system and known mechanisms by which pathogens interact with this critical system to evade clearance within the host. We will conclude with a review of literature relating to the interactions between the herein discussedBurkholderiaspecies and the host complement system, with the goal of highlighting areas in this field that warrant further investigation.
Zebrafish Embryo Infection Model to Investigate Pseudomonas aeruginosa Interaction With Innate Immunity and Validate New Therapeutics
Authors: Pont Stéphane , Blanc-Potard Anne-Béatrice
Published: September 2021

The opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is responsible for a variety of acute infections and is a major cause of mortality in chronically infected patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Considering the intrinsic and acquired resistance of P. aeruginosa to currently used antibiotics, new therapeutic strategies against this pathogen are urgently needed. Whereas virulence factors of P. aeruginosa are well characterized, the interplay between P. aeruginosa and the innate immune response during infection remains unclear. Zebrafish embryo is now firmly established as a potent vertebrate model for the study of infectious human diseases, due to strong similarities of its innate immune system with that of humans and the unprecedented possibilities of non-invasive real-time imaging. This model has been successfully developed to investigate the contribution of bacterial and host factors involved in P. aeruginosa pathogenesis, as well as rapidly assess the efficacy of anti-Pseudomonas molecules. Importantly, zebrafish embryo appears as the state-of-the-art model to address in vivo the contribution of innate immunity in the outcome of P. aeruginosa infection. Of interest, is the finding that the zebrafish encodes a CFTR channel closely related to human CFTR, which allowed to develop a model to address P. aeruginosa pathogenesis, innate immune response, and treatment evaluation in a CF context.