bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SUSCETIBILIDADE À COVID-19 EM SANTA CATARINA: UMA PROPOSTA METODOLÓGICA
Authors: Nascimento Júnior Lindberg , Augusto Werneck Ribeiro Eduardo , Augusto Menegon Fabrício , Salaib Springer Kalina , Monguilhot Michele , Fernando Meliani Paulo , da Silva Celestino Reginato Vivian
Published: July 2020

Apresenta-se uma proposta metodológica de avaliação da suscetibilidade à COVID-19 no Estado de Santa Catarina. O interesse é contribuir com a análise da difusão espacial da doença e oferecer um parâmetro técnico-científico que auxilie os processos decisórios e gestão da saúde no Estado no que tange à previsibilidade de áreas e regiões mais propensas à observação, aumento e distribuição espacial da doença. O índice contemplou 47 variáveis dimensionadas em indicadores que agravam os quadros da COVID-19, considerando população residente, riqueza material e processo saúde-doença para as unidades espaciais dos 293 municípios catarinenses. Para construção dos índices os valores demográficos e de saúde foram submetidos à testes de normalidade, multicolinearidade, análise de componentes principais. A transformação de valores estatísticos para índices de suscetibilidade foi assumida a partir de duas componentes principais que explicou 84,8% da variância da matriz. Na espacialização, os índices se apresentam com padrão de distribuição, associados na maioria dos municípios com população mais alta e com os maiores casos confirmados Nestes aspectos o índice pode, em sua primeira versão, ser apresentado como uma estratégia para a análise e controle da epidemia no Estado, principalmente, na indicação de municípios para ação prioritária.
DISPERSÃO DA COVID-19 NO ESTADO DO PARANÁ
Authors: Martinuci Oseias da Silva , Lima Valeria , Maria Endlich Ângela , Cristiano Montanher Otávio , Grochoski Felini Matheus , Cristina Rigoldi Kelly , Milene Caraminan Laine , Balieiro Crestani Rafael , Blaudt Lima da Silva Rodrigo , Henrique Sorato da Silva Gabriel , Rafaela Ferreira Monique
Published: July 2020

O presente texto tem como objetivo apresentar análise do processo de difusão espacial da Sars-Cov-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2), também conhecida como Covid-19 ou Coronavirus, no estado do Paraná. Para tanto, a análise dos dados é focada no primeiro mês após a confirmação do primeiro caso, ocorrido no dia 12 de março de 2020. Subjacente à análise está a compreensão de que a Covid-19, como um evento de saúde pública de interesse mundial, está atrelada às estruturas e dinâmicas do espaço geográfico. Dialeticamente, como singularidade e universalidade, simultaneamente faz parte do espaço geográfico, mas, também, é espaço geográfico. Metodologicamente, são considerados: 1) dados produzidos pelas Secretarias Municipais e Estaduais de Saúde; 2) dados sobre Síndromes Respiratórias Agudas Graves do sistema Sivep-Gripe do Ministério da Saúde; 3) dados demográficos, de infraestruturas e organização do território do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE); 4) dados do Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde (CNES). A partir da análise conjunta dos dados, subsidiada pela teoria da produção do espaço geográfico, foi possível chegar a algumas constatações: a) a dispersão do vírus pelo território se dá em dependência com as estruturas e dinâmicas territoriais; b) os pontos e rotas predominantes são as cidades médias e eixos rodoviários economicamente mais importantes que constituição basicamente em espaços de contágio e de dispersão; c) cidades médias são espaços estratégicos de contensão ou de aceleração da dispersão, pois as decisões nelas tomadas determinarão os impactos nas cidades pequenas sob sua influência; d) as cidades pequenas, que ainda não foram significativamente afetadas, têm redes de atenção à saúde muito frágeis, o que permite antever cenários de grande risco para as populações que nelas residem. A análise geográfica, por fim, pode dar uma dupla contribuição: reconhecer os padrões espaciais das rotas de dispersão, fornecendo informações relevantes para o planejamento das ações em saúde, por um lado, e aprofundar a compreensão dos modos de ser do espaço geográfico contemporâneo, através dos eventos em saúde, por outro.
Kontekstualisasi Larangan Talak Ketika Istri Sedang Haid
Authors: Wahyudi Muhammad Isna
Published: July 2020

Menurut hukum Islam tradisional dalam kitab-kitab fikih, pengucapan talak kepada istri yang sedang haid adalah bertentangan dengan syari’ah (bid’i), perbuatan tersebut dilarang dan dianggap berdosa. Larangan yang demikian didasarkan pada kasus Abdullah bin Umar yang menceraikan istrinya pada saat istrinya sedang haid, sebagaimana diriwayatkan dalam hadis. Hakim­hakim pengadilan agama sering menghadapi masalah dalam memenuhi ketentuan larangan tersebut. Mereka akan menunda ikrar talak ketika istri sedang haid, kecuali pihak suami meminta hakim untuk tetap melanjutkan, dan pihak istri sepakat. Artikel ini membahas kontektualisasi larangan tersebut dalam praktik hukum perceraian di pengadilan agama saat ini. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kontekstual, penulis menemukan bahwa illat hukum larangan tersebut adalah untuk menghindari kesewenangan suami dalam menceraikan istrinya, dan illat hukum yang demikian tidak dapat ditemukan dalam praktik hukum perceraian di pengadilan agama saat ini.[According to traditional Islamic law in fiqh books, declaring talak to a wife who has her period or menstruation is not permitted and, if it happens, is considered bid’i talak and is viewed as a sin. This prohibition is based on a hadith in the case of Abdullah ibn Umar who divorced his wife when she got her period. The judges of the religious courts usually face several obstacles to obey that rule. They will postpone talak declaration when the wife is in her period, except that the husband side asks the judges to proceed, and the wife agrees. This article discusses the contextualization of the prohibition in the current legal practice of divorce in religious courts. Using contextual approach, the author finds that a legal aspect for this prohibition is to avoid the husband’s arbitrariness in divorcing his wife, and this consideration cannot be found at the legal practice of divorce at religious courts currently.]
Menilik Bentuk Perilaku Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga
Authors: Nisa Haiyun , Rahmita Nanda Rizki
Published: July 2020

Kekerasan dalam rumah tangga merupakan sebuah perlakuan tidak menyenangkan yang kerap terjadi diranah domestik atau di dalam rumah tangga terutama pada perempuan. Kekerasan dalam rumah tangga dapat diidentifikasi dalam berbagai bentuk perilaku, dapat terlihat secara langsung maupun tidak terlihat secara langsung. Adapun bentuk kekerasan dalam rumah tangga berupa kekerasan fisik, kekerasan psikologis, kekerasan seksual dan penelantaran ekonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi berbagai bentuk perilaku kekerasan dalam rumah tangga yang dialami oleh perempuan. Jumlah responden yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini adalah 74 orang perempuan yang diperoleh dengan teknik incidental sampling. Adapun kriteria responden adalah perempuan dengan status menikah, berusia di atas 20 tahun, dapat membaca dan menulis, dan bersedia menjadi responden. Proses pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan skala Domestic Violence Questionnaire yang dikembangkan oleh Abolmaali, dkk. (2014). Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik analisis data deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk perilaku kekerasan dalam rumah tangga yang dialami oleh perempuan meliputi aspek psycho-physical violence dan control violence.[Domestic violence is an unpleasant behavior which occurs in the domestic sphere or in the household, especially on women. Domestic violence can be identified in various forms of behavior, both directly and indirectly. The practices of domestic violence are physical violence, psychological violence, sexual violence, and economic neglect. Therefore, this study aims to identify the various practices of domestic violence behavior experienced by women. There are 74 women involves as respondents through incidental sampling technique. The criteria for being a respondent are married status, aged over 20 years, literate and would like to become a respondent. The process of collecting data was using the Domestic Violence Questionnaire scale developed by Abolmaali, et al. (2014). The data were analyzed by using descriptive techniques. The result shows that the practice of domestic violence experienced by women included aspects of psycho-violence and control violence.]
Menanggapi Hadis Perempuan Sebagai Imam Sholat dalam Perspektif Amina Wadud (Analisis Hermeneutika Feminis)
Authors: Mas'udah Mas'udah
Published: July 2020

Isu-isu gender di era kontemporer kini marak diusung oleh beberapa tokoh Feminis, salah satunya yakni Amina Wadud. Berangkat dari konstruksi sosial yang dialami semasa hidupnya, dimana perempuan mendapatkan kedudukan di bawah laki-laki, ia memunculnya paradigma baru yang memperjuangkan hak-hak perempuan. Salah satu fenomena yang menimbulkan berbagai kontroversi dari pemikiran Amina Wadud yakni pelaksanaan sholat jumat di Amerika Serikat dimana dia menjadi imam sholat bagi jamaah yang terdiri dari laki-laki dan perempuan. Berbagai kritik datang dari beberapa ulama klasik terutama di bidang fikih mengenai hal tersebut. Pada redaksi hadis yang diriwayatkan oleh Ummu Waraqah, hadis tersebut dinilai shahih derajatnya. Dalam hal ini, Amina Wadud memberikan tanggapan yang pro terhadap hadis tersebut dengan metodologi yang baru yakni hermeneutika feminisme.Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan analisis hermenutika feminisme yang dikembangkan Amina Wadud Muhsin dimana di dalamnya terdapat penelitian metodologis dan analitis untuk menelisik paradigma yang dibangun oleh Amina Wadud dalam menanggapi hadis tersebut.[On this article refers to issues gender in this contemporary era which is intensely brought by several feminist figures, one of them is Amina Wadud. According to the social construction during her lifetime, when women were subordinated over the man, therefore she brings a new paradigm which is the fight for women’s rights. One of the controversy phenomena from Amina Wadud’s thought is that she performs as imam during Jumah’s prayer for both men and women. Many critics come from several classic ulama, mainly in the fiqh field, concerning about that issue. On the redaction of hadith narrated by Ummu Waraqah, that is included to shahih based on the level. In this case, Amina Wadud gives an affirmative response regarding the hadith with a new methodology, Feminism Hermeneutic. In this observation, the author uses analysis of feminism hermeneutic that developed by Amina Wadud which includes the analytical and methodological observation to know the paradigm used by Amina in hadith.]
Reinterpretasi Ayat Gender dalam Memahami Relasi Laki-Laki dan Perempuan (Sebuah Kajian Kontekstual dalam Penafsiran)
Authors: Andika Mayola
Published: July 2020

Dewasa ini isu gender hangat diperbincangkan. Hal itu dilatarbelakangi oleh realitas masyarakat yang sebagian masih memegang prinsip budaya patriaki. Laki-laki mendapatkan hak-hak istimewa, sedangkan kaum perempuan cenderung dinomorduakan. Islam pada dasarnya menjunjung tinggi kesetaraan. Agama Islam diyakini sebagai agama yang ideal. Diturunkan untuk mengangkat derajat dan membebaskan perempuan dari tradisi jahiliyyah yang memarginalisasi kedudukannya. Ayat al-Qur’an telah mengungkapkan kesetaraan laki-laki dan perempuan serta menggariskan persamaan kedudukan diantara keduanya. Adapun yang membedakan adalah tingkat ketaqwaan. Namun, dalam realitas empiris keagamaan timbul problem pemahaman dan penafsiran teks-teks agama yang bias gender. Hal tersebut kemudian memunculkan masalah berkaitan dengan relasi laki-laki dan perempuan, seperti ketidakadilan, subordinasi, diskriminasi, dan marginalisasi. Untuk itu penulis menganggap perlu adanya peninjauan ulang interpretasi ayat dan model penafsiran yang cenderung meminggirkan peranan kaum perempuan. Dalam penelitian ini penulis memaparkan bagaimana relasi laki-laki dan perempuan dalam perspektif al-Qur’an melalui reinterpretasi terhadap penafsiran QS an-Nisa` ayat 34 secara kontekstual. Penulis memfokuskan kajian gender dan menghubungkannya dengan konsep kesetaraan laki-laki dan perempuan dengan metode deskriptif-analitis.[Nowadays, gender’s issue turns to be the most discussed topic. It is motivated by the community that some still hold the principle of patriarchy culture. Men get some privileges, while women tend to be the second position. Islam to the extent of upholding equality. Islam is believed to be the ideal religion. It is decreed to elevate women’s position and freedom from the jahiliyyah tradition that marginalizes women in society. The verses of the Qur’an have declared about the equality of men and women. The difference between them is their level of devotion. However, in the empirical reality of religion arises the misunderstanding and misinterpreting religious texts that are gender biased. It triggers the raising of issues related to male and female relationships, such as injustice, subordination, discrimination, and marginalization. Therefore, the author believes that it is necessary to reinterpret the verses and the interpretation model which tend to marginalize the role of women. In this article, the author explains how the interpretation of Q.S an-Nisa`verse 34 contextually reinterpret the relation of men and women. The author focuses on gender studies and relates them to the concept of male and female equality with descriptive-analytical methods.]
Ragam Kajian Gender dalam Jurnal Keagamaan Islam di Indonesia
Authors: Suryadilaga Muhammad Alfatih
Published: July 2020

Gender sebagai sebuah diskursus perkembangan pemikiran yang baru hadir mewarnai kajian keislaman termasuk dalam hal ini kajian hadis. Kenyataan tersebut setidaknya dapat dilihat dalam kajian yang berada di jurnal-jurnal PTKI secara umum maupun jurnal-jurnal yang dibawah Pusat Studi Gender/Wanita. Kajian gender dalam hadis mengikuti pola yang ada dalam kajian studi hadis secara umum yang meliputi tiga bentuk utama yakni kajian ilmu hadis, penelitian hadis dan pemaknaan hadis berikut perkembangannya. Demikian juga kajian hadis dan gender di dalamnya berisikan fenomena keilmuan atas gender dan hadis, penelitian atas hadis dan kitab-kitabnya serta pemahaman hadis tertentu baik dalam dimensi teks-teks dalam hadis maupun non teks yang berada di masyarakat yang dikenal dengan living hadis. Apa yang digagas dalam pemahaman hadis dan gender ini sebenarnya adalah mengembalikan ruh ajaran Islam sesuai dengan al-Qur’an dan hadis. Walaupun ada yang menolak keberadaan gender dalam tradisi Islam, maka dimensi keberadaan persamaan laki-laki dan perempuan merupakan dimensi yang diajarkan dalam Islam. Secara tidak langsung, maka kajian gender dan hadis merupakan upaya untuk menghidupkan misi kenabian Muhammad saw. yang sangat menjunjung perempuan. Perempuan dan laki-laki memilki relasi yang sama di hadapan Allah swt.[Gender is as a discourse of thought development, its contemporary discourse gives a new contribution to Islamic studies, including the study of hadith. This phenomenon is reflected both in several studied of PTKI’s journals in general and journals under supervision of Women/Gender Studies Center. Gender studies in the hadith adopt the study of hadith’s current pattern. In general, there are three main forms of its pattern; the study of hadith, the research of hadith, the interpretation of hadith and its development. Similarly with the study of hadith and gender, inside of them contains about the phenomena of science toward gender and hadith, the research about hadith and its books, and understanding of specific hadith based on text and non-text dimensions inside of society, known as living hadith. The purpose of hadith and gender studies is actually to reconstruct Islamic studies based on Al-Qur’an and hadith. Even though, there are some groups refuse the existence of gender in Islamic tradition, it reminds the same that Islam teaches there is equality dimension of men and women. Indirectly, the study of gender and hadith are an effort to revive the mission of Prophet Muhammad SAW which uphold women’s rights. Women and man have the same relation in front of Allah SWT.]
Resepsi Pembaca Terhadap Bentuk Ketidakadilan Gender Dalam Cerpen Mata Telanjang Karya Djenar Maesa Ayu
Authors: Laras Kandhi , Zahro’ Azizatuz
Published: July 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui beragam resepsi pembaca terhadap bentuk ketidakadilan gender dalam cerpen feminisme berjudul Mata Telanjang. Bentuk ketidakadilan gender yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini meliputi: marginalisasi, subordinasi, stereotipi, dan kekerasan. Data resepsi dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan dianalisis berdasarkan metode resepsi sastra. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya kontradiksi penerimaan pembaca terkait bentuk ketidakadilan gender terhadap tokoh perempuan (pekerja seks) yang ditawarkan oleh cerpen Mata Telanjang. Perbedaan perspektif dari pembaca disebabkan oleh latar belakang usia, pengetahuan, dan status sosial pembaca sehingga menimbulkan dua kelompok pembaca, yakni kelompok pembaca yang pro terhadap adanya bentuk ketidakadilan gender, dan kelompok pembaca yang menolak bentuk ketidakadilan gender pada tokoh perempuan dalam cerpen.[The purpose of this study is to find out various reader receptions towards gender inequality in feminism short stories entitled Mata Telanjang. The forms of gender injustice discussed in this study include: marginalization, subordination, stereotyping, and violence. The data of reception were collected through questionnaires and analyzed based on the method of literary reception. The results of this study indicate a contradiction in readers' acceptance of the form of gender inequality towards female leaders (sex workers) offered by Mata Telanjang short story. The difference in perspective from the reader is caused by the background of the age, knowledge, and social status of the reader. Here, there are two groups of readers, namely the readers who are pro against the form of gender inequality, and the readers who reject the form of gender injustice in female characters in the short story.]
Mapping Isu Jurnal Berbasis Pengarusutamaan Gender dan HAM Pada Perguruan Tinggi di Indonesia
Authors: Witriani Witriani , Kusuma Bayu Mitra A.
Published: July 2020

Isu tentang relasi Islam dengan gender dan HAM adalah persoalan praksis yang perkembangannya dapat disaksikan melalui berbagai saluran, salah satunya adalah jurnal ilmiah. Lewat jurnal ilmiah dapat diketahui update persoalan yang menjadi perhatian para akademisi di lingkungan perguruan tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sejauh mana isu-isu pengarusutamaan gender, HAM, dan Islam dapat terangkum dalam sejumlah jurnal seperti Jurnal Musawa, Jurnal Perempuan, dan berbagai jurnal dalam Directory Open Access Journal (DOAJ) yang mencerminkan persoalan-persoalan kontemporer masyarakat. Secara khusus penelitian ini juga menghasilkan pemahaman strategis pengelolaan jurnal ilmiah agar dapat menyesuaikan fungsinya sebagai media diseminasi akademik dengan perkembangan dunia keilmuan mutakhir yang bergerak cepat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif.  Hasil pemetaan dan analisis menunjukkan bahwa relasi perempuan dengan persoalan hukum, kekerasan, dan politik menjadi perhatian utama dari para akademisi. Munculnya isu-isu tersebut terlihat lebih dari sekedar respon pada berbagai ketidakadilan serta pelanggaran HAM terhadap perempuan dan anak yang terjadi di Indonesia. Selain ketiga isu di atas, isu-isu lain yang muncul dengan intensitas tinggi dan merata di setiap jurnal adalah pernikahan anak, feminisme dalam bentuk gerakan perempuan, kepemimpinan perempuan, ataupun positioning perempuan dalam kearifan lokal.[The issue of the relationship between Islam with the gender and human rights is a matter of praxis whose development can be witnessed through various channels, one of which is a scientific journal. Through scientific journals, the issues that are of concern to academics in the university environment are recognized. This study aims to analyze the extent to which issues of mainstreaming gender, human rights, and Islam can be summarized in the Jurnal Musawa, Jurnal Perempuan, and various journals in the Directory Open Access Journal (DOAJ) which   also   reflect the contemporary problems of society. Specifically, this research also produced a strategic understanding for the management of scientific journals in order to be able to adjust its function as a medium for academic dissemination with the latest developments in the fast-moving scientific world. This study is qualitative research by descriptive approach. The results of mapping and analysis show that the relation of women with legal, violence, and political issues is the main concern of academics. The emergence of these issues is seen as more than just a response to various injustices and human rights violations against women and children that occurred in Indonesia. In addition to the three issues above, other issues that emerge with high intensity and are evenly distributed in each journal are child marriage, feminism in the form of women’s movements, women’s leadership, or women’s positioning in local wisdom.]
Tranformasi Dakwah Nahdhatul Ulama dan Muhammadiyah: Dari Subordinasi Menuju Emansipasi
Authors: Halim Abdul , Maulana Luthfi
Published: July 2020

Tranformasi merupakan terjadinya perubahan dari sebuah bentuk ke bentuk yang lain, baik dilakukan oleh indvidu maupun kelompok tertentu. Terjadinya tranformasi biasanya disebabkan oleh suatu kebutuhan yang mengharuskan tranformasi tersebut harus dilakukan. Dalam kaitannya dengan tranformasi dakwah Nahdhatul Ulama dan Muhammadiyah, sejauh ini terdapat dinamika keputusan dakwah keduanya yang berhubungan dengan fatwa-fatwanya. Menggunakan pendekatan studi pustaka yang fokus pada hasil kajian fatwa yang dihasilkan oleh kedua organisasi, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa dari hasil perkembangan dakwah keduanya, terdapat   proses transformasi fatwa, terutama pada masalah fatwa-fatwa hukum yang berkaitan dengan sikap kedua organisasi terhadap perempuan. Kedua organisasi  massa ini mengalami tranformasi fatwa dari sikapnya yang cenderung subordinatif berkembang menuju keputusan-keputusan hukumnya yang bersifat emansipatif, yang mendukung peran dan hak-hak perempuan di ranah publik.[Transformation is a change from one form to another by both individuals and certain groups. The transformation is usually caused by a need that requires the transformation to be done. In relation to the dakwah transformation of  Nahdhatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah, so far there are dynamics of organization decision related to their fatwas. Using a literary study approach that focuses on the results of fatwas produced by the two organizations, this study found that from the results of the development of dakwah of  both organization, there was a process of transformation of fatwas, especially on the issue of legal fatwas related to the attitudes of the two organizations towards women. Both mass organizations undergo a fatwa transformation from subordinating attitude into emancipatory decisions which support the role and rights of women in the public sphere.]
Mewujudkan Gender Equality Melalui Pengembangan Industri Rumahan Perempuan
Authors: Tresiana Novita , Duadji Noverman
Published: July 2020

Artikel ini fokus pada kebijakan industri rumahan guna mewujudkan produktivitas ekonomi perempuan pelaku industri rumahan dan model ideal ketercapaian gender equality perempuan bidang ekonomi. Dalam hal ini perlu kebijakan baru dalam peningkatan produktivitas ekonomi perempuan sebagai bentuk demokrasi ekonomi dan keadilan gender (gender equality). Metode survei dan analisis kebijakan digunakan untuk pemetaan dan elaborasi potensi, peluang, tantangan hambatan dan kelemahan sebagai landasan rekomendasi model dan desain kebijakan. Tulisan ini menunjukkan kebijakan industri rumahan mampu mengembangkan potensi diri perempuan sehingga memungkinkan mereka memanfaatkan kesempatan yang sama dalam pembangunan. Rancangan model kebijakan rintisan klaster dengan melibatkan peran triple helix merupakan model ideal untuk mengembangkan industri rumahan dan ketercapaian gender equality. Tipologi klaster yang belum dewasa (rintisan) memerlukan keterlibatan peran triple helix dalam hal ini bukan saja pemerintah daerah, tetapi perguruan tinggi dan bisnis. Peran triple helix difokuskan pada penguatan kebijakan lokal, sarana prasarana, pembangunan kapasitas masyarakat dan pengembangan inovasi produk, dan pemasaran.[This article focuses on the policies of the home industry in order to realize the economic productivity of women in the home industry and the ideal model for the achievement of gender equality in the economy. In this case, new policies are needed to increase women’s economic productivity as a form of economic democracy and gender equality. The survey and policy analysis method is used for mapping and elaborating the potentials, opportunities, challenges and constraints as a basis for recommending models and policy designs. This paper shows that home industry policies are able to develop women’s potential to enable them to take advantage of the same opportunities in development. The design of a cluster pilot policy model which involves the role of the triple helix is an ideal model for developing a home industry and achieving gender equality. The typology of immature clusters (pioneering) requires the involvement of the role of the triple helix, not only the local government, but also universities and business. The role of the triple helix is focused on strengthening local policies, infrastructure, community capacity building and product innovation development, and marketing.]
Perempuan Dalam Kepemimpinan Agama: Pengalaman Kristen
Authors: Natar Asnath N.
Published: July 2020

Saat ini perempuan yang menjadi pemimpin sudah semakin meningkat di hampir semua aspek kehidupan. Negara Indonesia pernah dipimpin oleh presiden perempuan dan saat ini kaum perempuan juga ada yang menjabat sebagai walikota, bupati, camat dan kepala desa di beberapa daerah. Mereka juga mengisi kursi-kursi di badan legislatif dan menjabat sebagai pimpinan di lembaga-lembaga pemerintah dan perusahaan-perusahaan. Memang harus diakui bahwa jumlah mereka belum sebanyak laki-laki dan ini tentunya menjadi tantangan ke depan. Tantangan yang terbesar selalu berasal dari agama dan budaya. Agama dan budaya yang patriarkhi ini juga didukung dengan konsep politik yang patriarki, feodalistis & berwarna maskulin, di mana kekuasaan politik ada pada laki-laki, yang akan mengambil keputusan baik di dalam rumah maupun di luar rumah. Kondisi perempuan dalam kepemimpinan gereja nampak tidak jauh berbeda dengan kepemimpinan dalam bidang politik dan masyarakat. Kendati mayoritas warga jemaat di gereja adalah perempuan, namun mereka lebih banyak bertindak sebagai pelaksana keputusan dan kurang terlibat dalam pembuatan keputusan. Sehubungan dengan hal itu, maka paper ini akan mengulas tentang kepemimpinan perempuan Kristen di Indonesia dengan melihat tantangan dan peluang yang ada baik dari ajaran gereja, budaya, dan perempuan sendiri. Selain itu, akan dipaparkan juga tentang gaya kepemimpinan perempuan untuk menjawab tantangan Indonesia saat ini. Tulisan ini akan dibahas dengan menggunakan teori gender dengan pendekatan teologi feminis. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian literatur.[Nowadays the number of women who become leaders have increased in almost every aspects of life. Indonesia was once led by a female president and a lot of women serves as mayors, regents, sub-district heads and village heads in several areas. Though not as many as the men, women also get position in the legislature and serve as leaders in government institutions and companies. However, among religious institution, especially in the church, getting the highest position is kind of challenging for women. Supported by the concept of a patriarchal, feudalistic & masculine political concept, where political power is on men, women are difficult to get position as the leaders of the Churches. Although majority of church members are women, they are less involved in decision making. In this regard, this paper will review the leadership of Christian women in Indonesia by looking at the challenges and opportunities that exist both from the teachings of the church, culture, and women themselves. This paper will be discussed by using gender theory with a feminist theology approach and the literature review as the method.]
Implementasi Uqubat Cambuk Terhadap Wanita Hamil (Penelitian di Wilayah Hukum Kejaksaan Negeri Banda Aceh dan Kejaksaan Aceh Besar)
Authors: Savana Dikha , Din Mohd. , Bakar Ali Abu
Published: July 2020

Qanun Aceh Nomor 6 tahun 2014 tentang Hukum Jinayat dan Qanun Aceh Nomor 7 Tahun 2013 tentang Hukum Acara Jinayat adalah hukum positif yang berlaku di Propinsi Aceh. Salah satu yang menarik dalam penelitian ini adalah pelaksanaan hukum uqubat, yaitu hukum cambuk bagi wanita hamil yang telah memiliki kekuatan hukum tetap. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan menganalisa implementasi, menjelaskan kendala dan hambatan implementasi Qanun Aceh Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Hukum Jinayat, terhadap pelaku jarimah yang hamil. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif, penelitian menunjukan bahwa implementasi pelaksanaan ‘uqubat bagi wanita hamil tidak dapat dilaksanakan,karena beberapa hal, antara lain sesuai dengan ketentuan pada Pasal 26 Qanun Nomor 7 Tahun 2013 masa penahanan hanya 30 hari. Sementara itu belum ada aturan yang lebih khusus dalam hal pemeriksaan bahwa terdakwa terbukti hamil, berupa surat atau alat bukti petunjuk dari ahli (dokter) yang berupa USG, yang menjadi pertimbangan hakim dalam penundaan eksekusi cambuk tersebut. Untuk itu perlu adanya kajian yang lebih komprehensif terhadap pelaksanaan ‘uqubat cambuk khusunya aturan yang mengatur lebih lanjut tentang ‘uqubat cambuk bagi wanita yang sedang hamil dalam Qanun Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Jinayat.[Qanun ACEH Number 6 year 2014 about Jinayat and Qanun ACEH Law number 7 year 2013 about Jinayat event law is a positive law in Aceh province. One of the interesting thing in this study is the implementation of the law Uqubat, a law of whip for pregnant women who have had a fixed legal force. The purpose of this research is to know and analyze the implementation, explaining the constraints and obstacles to implement ACEH Qanun Number 6 year 2014 about Jinayat law, to the perpetrator of the pregnant jarimah. By using qualitative method, research indicates that implementation of ‘ Uqubat for pregnant women can not be implemented, because several things, among others , according to the provisions of article 26 Qanun number 7 year 2013, the detention period is only 30 days. Meanwhile, there is no specific rules in the case of the examination that the defendant proved to be pregnant, in the form of a letter or a means of evidence from USG, as the proof for the judge to consider the (delayed) execution of the whip.  Thus, it is necessary to have a more comprehensive study on the implementation of the ‘Uqubat whip especially the rules that govern more about ‘Uqubat whip for women who are pregnant in Qanun number 6 year 2014 about Jinayat.]
Molecular Characterisation using 16S rRNA and COI Gene Sequences in Hard Ticks of Gwalior, India
Authors: Ghosh Pooja , Tikar Sachin , Gupta Mahendra K. , Sukumaran D
Published: July 2020

Tick infestation in humans and animals represents a global threat for different tick-borne diseases. In the present study, the ticks from the Gwalior region of India have been mapped to create a database of tick diversity. We explored 773 ticks collected from domestic animals and vegetation in Gwalior. Animals were screened visually, and ticks were collected manually, whereas the flag-drag method was used to collect ticks from the vegetation. The 16S rRNA and cytochrome oxidase I (COI) genes of tick samples were amplified and purified for sequencing and respective phylogenetic trees were constructed. The ticks were morphologically identified using taxonomical keys, revealing the presence of five genera in the region: Hyalomma, Haemaphysalis, Rhipicephalus, Boophilus, and Nosomma. Hyalomma spp. (Hy. annatolicum and Hy. marginatum) were the most abundant accounting for 69.598% of the total sample, followed by Rhipicephalus sanguineus (17.335%), Rhipicephalus microplus (7.115%), Haemaphysalis sp. (5.692%), and Nosomma monstrotum (0.258%). The tick sequences were submitted to the GenBank database. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the morphological identification at the species level. The combination of molecular and morphological analyses of the ticks supported the result obtained with each method, thus providing more reliable estimates for continued surveillance studies.
High altitude Provoked Thrombotic Complications
Authors: Kumar Vinay , Rai Chhavi , Srivastava Swati , Kumar Bhuvensh , Garg Iti
Published: July 2020

On rapid ascending to high-altitude particularly very high-altitude or extreme high-altitude, there is a risk of developing high-altitude illness and most people may experience acute mountain sickness which may further lead to potentially life-threatening pathologies like high-altitude pulmonary edema, high-altitude cerebral edema, high-altitude-induced thrombosis etc. if not treated on time. Hypercoagulability state associated with high-altitude which lead to the formation of a clot in the blood vessels, a condition called deep vein thrombosis, which may further complicate and lead to pulmonary embolism. Lack of epidemiological data poses a constraint in evaluating the actual incident rate of thromboembolic disorders at high-altitude. In the present scenario, the most commonly used diagnostic marker for thrombosis is the D-dimer test which has low specificity. Various anticoagulants are also available for anticoagulation therapy but they have their own limitation. Under this review, worldwide reported incidents and management strategies related to thrombotic complications are consolidated and presented. It also summarizes diagnostic and anticoagulation therapy regimes against thrombosis existing at present. Accurate diagnosis and therapeutics are a thrust area of further exploration and there is an urgent need to develop quick and advanced methods to reduce the mortality associated with this disorder especially with respect to high-altitude.
Comparative Allelopathic Effects of Two Weed Extracts on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. and Abelmoschus esculentus L.
Authors: Bhattacharya Sanchita , Namasudra Shibani , Debnath Sanjit , Saha Ajay Krishna
Published: July 2020

Pot culture experiment and Petri dish bioassay were conducted to assess the allelopathic potential of Cyanthillium cinereum and Lantana camara on seed germination and seedling growth of Vigna unguiculata and Abelmoschus esculentus. Aqueous leaf and stem extracts of weed were used for treatment. The differential inhibitory effect was observed for two weed plants on two tested crops. The experimental results revealed that in case of pot culture experiment, lowest germination percentages (40.8±0.49%, 63.6±0.60% and 83±0.78%) were recorded in L. camara leaf extract treated set of A. esculentus and maximum decrease in seedling length (0.31±0.05 cm, 4.18±0.07 cm, 6.42±0.08 cm and 13.51±0.07 cm) was observed in stem extract treated a set of A. esculentus. L. camara stem and leaf extract induced a more negative effect on seedling length in both A. esculentus and V. unguiculata. For petridish bioassay experiment, lowest germination percentages (54.60±0.40%, 59.20±0.49%, 66.20±0.74% and 69.80±0.38%) were observed in L. camara leaf extract treated a set of A. esculentus. In V. unguiculata, lowest germination percentage (45.8±0.49%, 75.4±0. 40%, 84.4±0.25% and 89±0.32%) was observed in stem extract treated set. Maximum suppressive effect on seedling length was recorded for stem and leaf extract of C. cinereum of A. esculentus and leaf extract of L. camara and stem extract of C. cinereum of V. unguiculata.
Growing Cauliflower in Winter under Passive Solar Greenhouse in Trans Himalayan Ladakh, India
Authors: Angmo Phunchok , Dolma Tsering , Katiyar Anand K , Chaurasia O. P. , Stobdan Tsering
Published: July 2020

Traditionally cauliflower is not grown during winter months in the trans-Himalayan Ladakh region due to sub-zero degree celsius at night. Accordingly, the feasibility of growing cauliflower, a temperature-sensitive crop, was studied during winter months in a passive solar greenhouse in the high altitude (elevation 3340 m) trans-Himalayan Ladakh region. Studies were conducted during 2017-2020 with three commercial varieties. Curd was formed in all the varieties despite the temperature extremes (0.0±1.6 to 39.5±0.9 ºC) in the greenhouse. Harvesting was done in the month of February. The mean marketable curd weight ranged from 258±113 to 743±62 g depending on variety and year, which suggested that cauliflower can be successfully grown during winter months in the trans-Himalaya. However, the marketable curd weight was significantly lower as compared to the yield potential of the varieties. High temperature inside the greenhouse resulted in the occurrence of fuzziness, and it ranged from 0-35% of the harvested curd depending on the year and variety. Fuzziness was not observed in cv Shentha while 10.4-35% of cv Amazing exhibited fuzziness.
Pojęcie kultury w teorii zarządzania
Authors: Sójka Jacek
Published: July 2020

The aim of this article is to explore the way the notion of culture has been presented in management theories. In some instances, the concept was absent; but a closer inspection can reveal that culture was an issue or a challenge for managers – as it was the case with taylorism, which actually tried to overcome the cultural differentiation of the workforce. Today, intercultural management and the concept of organizational culture are a crucial part of management theory and education. But the abundance of books and articles on the impact of culture on the economy poses yet another challenge for the students of culture. Is this phenomenon understood correctly, and does intercultural management do justice to the nature of culture and intercultural relations? Perhaps the focus on culture has been blown out of proportion, and perhaps it is meant to hide a purely technocratic attitude toward the workforce? Nevertheless, it would be hard to understand globalization without taking into account the transcultural phenomen of today’s management.
Kultura a problem zacofania
Authors: Banach Wiesław
Published: July 2020

The aim of this paper is to present and examine the link between culture and economic backwardness. One of the main questions of economic thought is: why some are so rich and some so poor? Traditionalexplanations like imperialism, dependency and racism are no longer adequate, and increasingly observers are concluding that the principal reason why some countries and ethnic groups are better off than others lies in cultural values, which powerfully shape political, economic and social performance. According to many authors (Lawrence E. Harrison, Samuel P. Huntington, Peter Berger, David Landes, Mariano Grondona, Francis Fukuyama, Robert Putnam, Ronald Inglehart, Michael Porter) adequate values, axiological determinants and other cultural factors (like customs, beliefs attitudes, trust in the individual, the moral imperative, the value of work) have a very positive impact on the economic development of each society. The paper is an attempt to show why the category of backwardness is more appropriate and helpful for the understanding of the role of culture than the category of development.
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the Right to a Fair Trial: Towards a Robot Judge?
Authors: Ulenaers Jasper
Published: July 2020

This paper seeks to examine the potential influences AI may have on the right to a fair trial when it is used in the courtroom. Essentially, AI systems can assume two roles in the courtroom. On the one hand, “AI assistants” can support judges in their decision-making process by predicting and preparing judicial decisions; on the other hand, “robot judges” can replace human judges and decide cases autonomously in fully automated court proceedings. Both roles will be tested against the requirements of the right to a fair trial as protected by Article 6 ECHR.

An important element in this test is the role that a human judge plays in legal proceedings. As the justice system is a social process, the AI assistant is preferred to a situation in which a robot judge would completely replace human judges. Based on extensive literature, various examples and case studies, this paper concludes that the use of AI assistants can better serve legitimacy and guarantee a fair trial.
On the Effectiveness of Self-Training in MOOC Dropout Prediction
Authors: Goel Yamini , Goyal Rinkaj
Published: July 2020

Massive open online courses (MOOCs) have gained enormous popularity in recent years and have attracted learners worldwide. However, MOOCs face a crucial challenge in the high dropout rate, which varies between 91%-93%. An interplay between different learning analytics strategies and MOOCs have emerged as a research area to reduce dropout rate. Most existing studies use click-stream features as engagement patterns to predict at-risk students. However, this study uses a combination of click-stream features and the influence of the learner’s friends based on their demographics to identify potential dropouts. Existing predictive models are based on supervised learning techniques that require the bulk of hand-labelled data to train models. In practice, however, scarcity of massive labelled data makes training difficult. Therefore, this study uses self-training, a semi-supervised learning model, to develop predictive models. Experimental results on a public data set demonstrate that semi-supervised models attain comparable results to state-ofthe-art approaches, while also having the flexibility of utilizing a small quantity of labelled data. This study deploys seven well-known optimizers to train the self-training classifiers, out of which, Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) outperformed others with the value of F1 score at 94.29%, affirming the relevance of this exposition.
On the spallation of oxide scales in high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) hot-rolled steels
Authors: Garza-Montes-de-Oca Nelson F. , Treviño-Cubero Arnulfo , Ramírez-Ramírez Javier H. , Pérez-González Francisco A. , Mercado-Solís Rafael D. , Colás Rafael
Published: July 2020

In this work, results on the causes that could promote the abnormal spallation of the oxides formed on the surface of high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steels are presented. By means of Rietveld refining of X-ray diffraction spectra, scanning electron microscopy analyses and calculations, it was found that the value of the thermal stress experienced by the oxide scale reached a maximum when the oxide scale was comprised by 65% wt magnetite Fe3O4 and 24% wt wustite FeO this, due to the incomplete transformation of the latter phase to Fe3O4 and α-Fe from cooling from 670 °C to ambient temperature. Contrarily, it was found that when a balance in the amount of Fe3O4 and FeO was 46.4 and 46.5%wt respectively, the calculated thermal stress was reduced, and oxide spallation was not that severe. The reasons for oxide scale detachment from the surface of the steels are explained in terms of the adhesion energy of the bulk oxide scale, the amount of magnetite Fe3O4 present in the oxides and the chemical composition of the steel particularly the elements chromium and titanium.
Perinatal severe hypophosphatasia: a case report
Authors: Grace Livera , Surya Raymond
Published: July 2020

Objectives

Hypophosphatasia is a rare, inherited metabolic disorder characterized by low serum alkaline phosphatase activity. It is caused by mutations in the ALPL gene, which encodes tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP) [1], [2], [3]. The degree of skeletal malformation varies, but the severe form carries a very poor prognosis.

Case presentation

This study reports a male neonate diagnosed with infantile hypophosphatasia (HPP). Genetic analysis showed two heterozygous missense variants at nucleotides c.977G>T (protein Gly326Val) and c.862+4A>G (IVS8+4A>G) (protein NA). The two mutations originated separately from the parents, consistent with autosomal recessive infantile HPP. The pathogenic variant was ALPL exon-9-heterozygous, and the other allele was ALPL IVS8-heterozygous, a variant of uncertain significance.

Conclusions

This case of infantile HPP was caused by two heterozygous mutations. One of those is a novel genetic mutation needed for further study. Genetic consultation is recommended for future offspring of affected parents.
Building the First Business Relationships: Incubatees in University Business Incubators (UBIs)
Authors: Redondo María , Camarero Carmen
Published: July 2020

University Business Incubators (UBIs) are ideal spaces for supporting and developing novice entrepreneurs and their businesses. In the current study, we explore whether such incubators can also be considered an ideal space for building dyadic relationships between incubatees based on trust and knowledge exchange, and whether this can encourage commitment in the relationship. To this end, we propose that the perception of shared values from the academic world may foster such trust. Furthermore, perceiving there may be supplementary and complementary resources encourages the exchange of knowledge, the specific resource on which UBI businesses are based. At the same time, empathy between academic incubatees leads to relational commitment being reinforced.
Soil carbon stock and nutrient characteristics ofSenna siameagrove in the semi-deciduous forest zone of Ghana
Authors: Logah Vincent , Tetteh Erasmus Narteh , Adegah Ebenezer Yao , Mawunyefia Justice , Ofosu Emmanuel Aburam , Asante Derrick
Published: July 2020

We report soil carbon stock (SCS) and nutrient characteristics of a pure stand ofSenna siameagrove in comparison with adjacent cropland usingt-test. This study was conducted in 2018 at the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi. Soil sampling up to 50 cm depth was carried out from five subplots in each ecosystem. The SCS of the grove at 0–15 cm depth was over 100% greater (30.78 Mg/ha) than that of the cropland (15.16 Mg/ha). Soil pH and total N content of the grove were 5.75 ± 1.22 and 0.10 ± 0.03% in the topsoil (0–15 cm) and 5.52 ± 0.80, 0.06 ± 0.01% and 5.03 ± 1.22, 0.04 ± 0.01% in the 15–30 and 30–50 cm depths, respectively. Although these values were greater in the grove than the cropland, the available phosphorus content was 3–4 fold greater in the latter soil. The two ecosystems affected soil organic carbon and total nitrogen contents significantly (p< 0.05) only in the topsoil, but had a significant influence on soil available phosphorus in both the topsoil and the subsoil. Sand content of the grove seemed to explain greater variability in its SCS (R2= 0.81) than clay content. The greater SCS of theSennagrove demonstrates its role in soil carbon storage in tropical climate in the era of climate change.
Access-to-Justice Reforms: A Brazilian Case Study of Bank Litigation Related to Heterodox Economic Plans
Authors: Refosco Helena C.
Published: July 2020

Between 2003 and 2016, Brazil carried out a World Bank-inspired “rule-of-law” reform that has failed to substantially increase access to justice. To buttress such a disheartening conclusion, this paper includes a case study of Brazil’s biggest litigation ever, which centered on the losses that bank customers had incurred because of heterodox national economic plans implemented in the late 1980s and early 1990s. By showing that the system of binding precedents consolidated in the reform ended up favoring “repeat players” over “one-shotters” in this litigation, this paper seeks to explain how institutional reforms that fail to tackle deep inequalities may backfire.