bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Technology of Communicative Resistance in Wartime: The Example of Ukraine in 2022

Authors: Sovenko Olga
Published: August 2024

The war in Ukraine, which broke out in 2014 and entered the full-scale stage in 2022, has its own long history, mythology and symbolism. As we know, the presence of an external enemy brings people together and actively consolidates the masses, and this is exactly what is happening in Ukraine. Starting from February 2022, the Ukrainian state and the broad mass of Ukrainian people unequivocally chose a position of resistance to Russian invasion, Russian propaganda and manipulative communicative technologies that are happening in parallel with the physical war itself.
In a conflict situation, communication can be used by conflicting parties, if not for the purposes of diplomacy, then in order to increase their own power or reduce the power of the enemy. Watching the informal communicative space in Ukraine in 2022, we can discover a special element that has appeared and could be named the technology of communicative resistance. We analyse its nature and conclude that the main two factors – the development of institutions and networks of civil society actors, and the development of mass communication technologies in Ukraine – make it possible to effectively confront the enemy in communicative fields during the wartime.
Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy for Hydrocephalus in Paediatrics
Authors: Shah Syed Zahid Hussain , Khan Shoaib Saleem , Aamir Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Background: Abnormal CSF accumulation within ventricles of brain leading to raised intracranial pressure is a potentially life-threatening state that is commonly seen in neurosurgical patients. Aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) in treatment of pediatric hydrocephalus in pediatrics.
Materials and Methods: A total of sixty-two patients were included in this prospective study. Patients were generally discharged from the hospital on the 2nd or 3rd postoperative day unless some complication arose. All the information was recorded in a pre-structured proforma, and data were analyzed by SPSS. Statistical significance was defined as p-value less than or equal to 0.05.
Results: At follow up, clinical improvement and radiological findings did not necessarily correlate with each other, as ventricular size was reduced in only 42 (67.7%) out of 62 patients. Remaining 20 (32.3%) patients had no change in the size of ventricles. The difference was not statistically significant. However, as observed by cine PC MRI, CSF flow was observed in all the patients.
Conclusion: In non-communicating hydrocephalus, ETV is a simple technique and safe and effective treatment if done by an expert surgeon correctly. It is a reasonable alternate of VPS due to its simplicity and effectiveness.
Maturity Assessment for Integrated Care during Health Transformation Using SCIROCCO Tool
Authors: Alqumaizi Khalid I. , Aledaili Manal , Aladaili Khalid M. , Bin-Hussain Ibrahim Z. , Alshammari Sami A. , Alqahtani Shahad A.
Published: August 2024

Integrated health care has the ability to provide adequate care system in different modalities of medical care. Saudi Arabia is going through major transformation in its health care services in order to provide sufficient resources. A 12-dimension SCIROCCO online self-assessment tool, was extracted from the B3-MM, was used for the scaling up of health intervention and for assessing the maturity level of integrated care within different regions. SCIROCCO tool assess a step wise scaling up technique to evaluate how to scale up integrated care during heath transformation. By having knowledge of the factors which make this strategy difficult to implement this study evaluates to what extent SCIROCCO technique was applied.
The SCIROCCO tool was used to assess the maturity of systems of Jazan, Saudi Arabia for integrated care system and for the evaluation of factors affecting scaling up. Data was collected from Stakeholders from multiple disciplines including decision-maker, healthcare professional, IT specialist by self-assessment method. The outcomes of the self-assessment process were visually captured in the form of spider diagrams.
All three fundamental steps of the scaling up procedure were executed with satisfactory devotion. Integrated heath transformation in Jazan yielded 18 points out of 60 on spider diagram according to SCIROCCO tool. Majority of the dimensions have no more than 3 score. Digital Health care transformation in Jazan needs to be improved in most of the aspects.
This study assesses maturity level of integrated care in Jazan and concludes that An ICT infrastructure to support integrated care has been agreed together with a recommended set of technical standards but there are Still local variations or some systems in place are not yet standardized. Learning about integrated care and change management was in place but not widely implemented.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) pertaining to COVID-19 in Karachi, Pakistan: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Awan Sana , Zubairi Mustafa Bin Ali , Atif Anfal , Awan Safia , Sarfraz Zouina , Irfan Omar , Zubairi Ali Bin Sarwar
Published: August 2024

Background: In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Government of Pakistan issued safety measures in an effort to mitigate the rising number of cases, the effectiveness of which depends on people’s response and behavior. This study investigates the knowledge, attitude and practices towards COVID-19 pandemic among residents of Karachi, Pakistan. 
Methods: An online survey of 764 residents of Karachi was conducted between 15 September and 20 November 2020. Popular social media and authors’ networks with the residents were utilized for the successful recruitment of these responses. A self-developed online KAP questionnaire was developed with 9 questions on knowledge, 7 on attitude, and 5 on practices. 
Results: Out of 764 participants, 60.6% were female, 37.2% had university degrees and 20.8% were white collar workers. Social media was the most popular information source (52.9%) and a trend to update daily on the news was observed (69.6%). Preventative measures were well known; washing hands with soap and water (97.4%), wearing facemasks (91.5%) and using hand sanitizer (89.4%). Majority (86.7%) were aware of social distancing. Favorable practices were observed; with 83% using masks, 71.6% limiting social interaction, 74% staying at home, 95% ensuring extra hygiene and 73% authenticating information from trusted sources.
Conclusion: Most residents of Karachi were knowledgeable regarding mitigation measures and had optimistic attitude and appropriate practices during the initial period of the COVID-19 outbreak. Future interventions in low and middle-income countries ought to prioritize interventions to develop a community-centered approach, targeting vulnerable subgroups in rural areas.
Wolcott-Rallison syndrome, A rare paediatric case report
Authors: Khurshied Saleh , Khurshid Nawal , Khurshid Madiha , Khizer Muhammad Azeem , Ahmed Hammad , Khushdil Arshad
Published: August 2024

Wolcott-Rallison syndrome (WRS) is a rare autosomal recessive, neonatal or infancy onset disease that is non-autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes and is associated with skeletal dysplasia and liver failure. It results in the death of the patient, mainly due to multi-organ failure. Less than 60 cases have been described in the literature so far. Here, we present a very rare case of WRS, which was diagnosed by genetic testing for EIF2AK3 mutations with typical findings of the disease, except skeletal dysplasia, which eventually died due to multi-organ failure.  To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of WRS in Pakistan.
Prevalence of Dental Anomalies Among the Pediatric Population at Abbasi Shaheed Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Zafar Maryam , Shaikh Aiman , Mohsin Maliha
Published: August 2024

Background: Pediatric dental anomalies refer to irregularities or abnormalities in the development, structure, or positioning of the teeth in the oral cavity of children. These anomalies can encompass a wide range of conditions that affect the number, size, shape, and structure of teeth. In Karachi, there is limited evidence regarding the prevalence of dental anomalies in children.
Objective: This study investigated the prevalence of dental anomalies in the pediatric population of the Abbasi Shaheed Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.
Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 278 children aged between 3 and 12 years. The socio-demographic and thorough medical history were recorded on a predesigned performa. The diagnosis of all dental anomalies was based on clinical interpretation using sterilized mouth mirrors, probes, or tongue depressors. Difficult cases were addressed by senior faculty members. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 19. Descriptive statistics were used to present the frequency and Mean ± SD.
Result: The prevalence of dental anomalies was 7.4%. in the study area. Male-to-female ratio was 2.2:1. Boys exhibited a higher prevalence of 10.05% compared to girls (4.3%). Peg Lateral Incisors and Fusion/Gemination were the most common anomalies among both genders. Dilaceration, Dentinogenesis Imperfecta, Amelogenesis Imperfecta, Talon Cusp, Anodontia, and supernumerary Tooth (disto-molar) were not identified in either boys or girls. The highest number of dental anomalies was recorded at ages 11 and 12 years.
Conclusion: The prevalence of dental anomalies was high in the study area, underscoring the significance of early diagnosis and careful management to prevent complications.
Epidemiological Profile and Management of Central Nervous System (CNS) Malformations in Dera Ghazi Khan
Authors: Khan Atta ur Rehman , Rasheed Sarwat , Fahad Malik
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Malformation of the central nervous system (CNS) typically leaves the family in chaos and medical team helpless. The strict use of preventative measures has significantly decreased the frequency of congenital abnormalities in industrialized nations.
Materials & Methods: At Dera Ghazi Khan Medical College conducted this Cross-sectional analytical study was conducted from January 2023 to December 2023 to evaluate the epidemiological profile and management CNS malformations. All cases of CNS malformations treated in the neurosurgery department were included in the study. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0.
Results: Total 61 cases were included in the study. The patient’s age ranged from 1 d to 70 years old. Six (9.8%) patients with CNS abnormalities had prenatal diagnoses. There were 34.8% CT scans, 1.7% MRIs (7 after CT), and 23.7% ultrasound scans, among other tests. In 49 instances (80.32%), there was a surgical rationale: 20 cases (40.81%) could be treated, whereas 29 cases (59.18%) did not. In 11 cases (18%), the surgical rationale was not maintained.
Conclusion: CNS abnormalities were frequent in our study. They cause numerous neurological aftereffects and permanent impairments, and are not usually amenable to surgical treatment. Therefore, it is imperative that the DG Khan region concentrates on enhancing preventative measures.
Relevansi Nilai-nilai Islam dalam Tradisi Maddoja Bine terhadap Pendidikan Abad 21
Authors: Nurasia  , Muzakkir  , Syamsuddin
Published: August 2024

The public's belief in a tradition is of course inseparable from the many opinions of the outside community who are of the opinion that the traditions that are still preserved to this day deviate from the teachings of Islam and still contain animism, without clearly knowing what the meaning is and how to implement these traditions as stated in implementation of the Maddoja bine tradition which is the topic of research, the relevance of Islamic values in the Maddoja bine tradition to 21st century education is indeed very important to be studied further and primarily to maintain the existence of the Maddoja bine culture which contains important meanings for the Bugis people in order to ensure sustainability. , as information obtained through interviews using descriptive qualitative research methods, namely 1) the implementation of the Maddoja bine tradition is carried out for two to three days carried out in mutual cooperation, 2) Islamic values in the Maddoja bine tradition consist of aqidah values, sharia values and moral values 3) the relevance of Islamic values in the Maddoja bine tradition to education in the 21st century.
العلاقة بين إتقان مفردات اللغة العربية ومهارة الكتابة لدى طلاب المدرسة الثانوية 1 كتافنج
Authors: Habib Moh. Thohiri , Alvia Putri Prima Sari
Published: August 2024

هذا البحث مبني على المسائل البديئة هي نقصان مهارة طلاب الفصل الثامن في الكتابة مع أن في هذه المرحلة ينبغي لهم أن يستطيعوا على كتابة صحيحة، ولكن في الواقع كثير منهم لايعلمون  أن يكتب الكلمات بكتابة صحيحة و تركيب الجملة الصحيحة .ربما الطريقة التى تطبقت في الفصل هي مجرد بطريقة الكتابة فقط يعني يقرء الأستاذ ويكتب الطلاب ، ونتيجة هذه الطريقة أن أكثر الطلاب لايقدرون على الكتابة الصحيحة و لايقدرون على فهم ما كتبوا صحيحا.وفي هذا المنهج التعليم سعى الباحث فى تنمية مهارة الكتابة لدى الطلاب بالسهولة و إلى الفهم وقبول الطلاب من بيان المدرس بتنظيم المنهج المختصر والميسر، ولذا هذه الطريقة التحليلية سهلة إلى التطبيق وتفهيم الطلاب على ما كتبوا. تقصد هذه الطريقة إلى تمرين التلاميذ على كتابة الكلمات و الجمل العربية التي درسوها.
 أما المسائل التي اختار الباحث في هذه الرسالة :1) ما هو مستوى اتقان مفردات اللغة العربية المقابل للتلاميذ في الفصل الثامن في المدرسة الثانوية 1 كتافنج ؟2) ما هو مستوى قدرة الكتابة للتلاميذ في الفصل الثامن في المدرسة الثانوية 1 كتافنج ؟ 3) ما العلاقة بين اتقان المفردات و قدرة الكتابة في التدريس للتلاميذ في الفصل الثامن في المدرسة الثانوية 1 كتافنج ؟  في جواب هذه المسئلة اختار الباحث المدخل الوصفي الكمي. أما الطريقة فى جمع البيانات فهي الإختبار. دل تحليل عن نت التّحليل باختبار r حصل (t/to) قيمة 0,243 وقيمة (rt) في الجدوال على درجة 5% =0,361. بمعنى أن العلاقة ضعيفة ولكن أيجابية يعني إذا ارتفع نتيجة الطلاب في إتقان المفردات ارتفع كذلك نتيجتهم في مهارة الكتابة. وتلخيص الّذي أخذه الباحث  أن هناك وجود الفعالية بهذه الطريقة في تعليم مهارة كتابة لدى طلاب في الفصل الثامن بمدرسة الثانوية 1 كتافنج كالمانتان الغربية
تعليم مهارة الكلام بالأشعار العربية بمعهد رياض الصالحين فروبولنغو جاوى الشرقية
Authors: Munapi Munapi , Hadyan Arka
Published: August 2024

كما بدا في كثير من المعاهد التي يهتم طلابهم على الكلام و الحوار بالعربية أود الباحث أن يساعد معهد رياض الصالحين في ترقية مهارة الطلاب في اللغة العربية و خاصة في مهارة الكلام بالأشعار العربية. و إرادة الباحث استعمال هذا الموضوع بسبب كثرة سوء فهمهم في استعمال الكلمة العربية و أنها لم تكن لائقة في التركيب كأن يعبر أخبارا عند شخص خالي الذهن بالتوكيد و القسم. و كل ذلك يطبقه الباحث تعليم مهارة الكلام بالأشعار العربية في القسم الثانوي في معهد رياض الصالحين بطريقة سهلة و مفهومة لديهم.
 و الأشعار العربية المستخدمة في هذا البحث هي أشعار ملتقطة من كتاب ديوان الحبيب علي بن محمد الحبشي و ديوان البارودي. و وجد الباحث بعض العراقل في تنفيذ أو تطبيق تعليم مهارة الكلام في معهد رياض الصالحين، كان بعضهم لم يتعود غلى الكلام بالعربية في البيت و في المعهد، حتى يكون لسانه يتتعتع في الكلام  ولو أنه درس علم اللغة ثلاث حصص في الأسبوع و حفظ عدة المفردات لم يكن نفسه منطلقا في اإلقاء اللغة العربية. و هناك من لم يتعود على الحوار بالعربية الفصحى لأنه كان مكث في السعودية أكثر من ست سنين، لذا يحتاج إلى وقت يسير لتعويد لسانه في العربية الفصحى.
 و قد وجد الباحث كيفية اللائقة بهم و هي استفادة من الأشعار العربية. لأن ما يبحث فيه من المحبة و غيرها تجلب إرادتهم ليعمق مهارة الكلام خصوصا. و ربما نلخصها بالترتيب :
مشكلات البحث هي : 1) كيف تطبيق تعليم مهارة الكلام بالأشعار العربية بمعهد رياض الصالحين فروبولنغو ؟. 2) ما مزية الأشعار العربية في تعليم مهارة الكلام ؟
و منهج هذا البحث من نوع البحث الميدني و المدخل الكيفي. و من أساليب جمع البيانات هي الملاحظة و المقابلة و الوثائق. و أما نتائج البحث نمكن تلخص فيما يلي : 1) إن الطرق المستخدمة لتعليم مهارة الكلام ثلاثة  وهي طريقة القواعد و الترجمة ثم الشفهية و التطبيق.
و نتائج هذا البحث إن الطرق المستخدمة لتعليم مهارة الكلام في معهد رياض الصالحين فروبولنغو جاوى الشرقية ثلاثة وهي طريقة القواعد، و الطريقة الشفهية ثم طريقة المباشرة. و الطريقة الأولى أكثر تناولا إذ الطريقة قد توارثت لدى المدرسين السابقين في هذا المعهد من جيل إلى جيل. وتليها الطريقة الشفهية ثم الطريقة المباشرة.
 و استخدام الأشعار العربية في تعليم مهارة الكلام بمعهد رياض الصالحين فروبولنغو جاوى الشرقية  له تأثير ملموس في ايصال الفهم نحو الطلاب لأن الأشعار العربية ممتعة لتعلمها لجمال لغته و حسن تركيبه و علو بلاغته لأنهم يحبون المعاني الشعرية.
Unlocking the Secrets of Arabic Learning: Implementing the Al-Syamiyyah Al-Syafahiyah Method as an Effective Alternative in Schools and Islamic Boarding Schools
Authors: Mohammad Jailani  , Zaki Abouelnasr Elbaghdadi
Published: August 2024

This research aims to analyze the contribution of the Al-Syamiyyah Al-Syafahiyyah method as a suitable foundational strategy in basic Arabic language learning. The study is motivated by the limited understanding within the education community regarding Arabic language teaching methods. The qualitative approach with descriptive analysis is used, analyzing various selected literature to answer and support the findings. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the Al-Syamiyyah Al-Syafahiyyah method is a strategic approach that should be implemented in basic Arabic language learning. However, it is essential to consider both the strengths and weaknesses of this method, as not all aspects may be effectively implemented. This research sheds light on the significance of the Al-Syamiyyah Al-Syafahiyyah method as a valuable tool in Arabic language education and emphasizes the need for further exploration and refinement of language teaching approaches. By understanding and implementing this method effectively, educators can enhance the learning experience and proficiency of students in basic Arabic language skills.
CNN-based Network Intrusion Detection and Classification Model for Cyber-Attacks
Authors: Anthony. O Uwadia
Published: August 2024

A Convolution Neural Network (CNN)-based Network Intrusion Detection Model for Cyber-attacks is of great value in identifying and classifying attacks on any network. The Knowledge Discovery in Database Cup '99 dataset containing approximately 4,900,000 single connection vectors was divided into two phases; 75% of the total dataset was used during the learning process of the machine learning technique, while 25% was used on a fully trained model to validate and evaluate its performance. The model's performance indicated that it can detect and classify different classes of attacks with an accuracy of 98% with 20 epochs at a 0.001 learning rate using machine learning. The model loss for the training and validation was 7.48% and 7.98%, respectively, over 20 epochs, which implies that the model performed better on the training dataset. This study demonstrated that the convolutional Neural network-based Network Intrusion Detection and classification model shows high detection and low false negative rates. The CNN model offers a high detection rate and fidelity to unknown attacks, i.e., it can differentiate between already-seen attacks and new zero-day attacks. At the end of the experiment, the proposed approach is suitable in modeling the network IDS for detecting intrusion attacks on computer networks thereby enabling a secured environment for the proper functioning of the system
Predicting Student’s Alcohol Drinking Habits Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: R Sanjan , Kumar Hemanth
Published: August 2024

Alcohol drinking among college student’s is common problem that can leads to low academic performance, health issues and risky behavior. When student’s in college, they often experience more freedom, which can result to increased consumption of alcohol. Therefore, this work explores the prediction of student’s alcohol drinking habits utilizing Machine Learning techniques. Data set is utilized in this work contains 25 parameters collected by various college students and using this dataset is employed for Machine Learning algorithms, such as Random Forest Classifier, Decision Tree, and Logistic Regression, are employed. This experiment aims to classify students into categories of alcoholic, non-alcoholic and maybe alcoholic based on various influencing factors. The results obtained are contrasted with various Machine Learning techniques.
Rolf Loeber – Machteld Hoeve – N. Wim Slot – Peter H. van der Laan (eds.): Persisters and Desisters in Crime from Adolescence into Adulthood. Ashgate, Surrey, 2012, 461 oldal
Authors: Párkányi Eszter
Published: August 2024

The volume “Persisters and Desisters in Crime from Adolescence into Adulthood”. edited by Rolf Loeber, Machteld Hoeve, Wim Slot and Peter van der Laan, gathers an international team of academics for an interdisciplinary challenge. The authors provide an overview of the most important criminological questions and problematic issues of the transition period from adolescence to adulthood.
Kommunikációs és információs rendszerek szoftverbiztonságának korszerű megvalósítási eszközei
Authors: Kuris Zoltán
Published: August 2024

The author provides an overview of the challenges communications and information systems software security faces.
A világháló veszélyei – internetbiztonság az Európai Unióban és Magyarországon
Authors: Baracsi Katalin
Published: August 2024

The author provides an overview of the EU’s “Safer Internet Plus” programme.
Effects of IDO1 and AhR Inhibition on Trypanosoma musculi co-cultured with macrophages in vitro
Authors: Cyrille Oliver Ozzin-Kholy Zolipou , Romaric Nzoumbou-Boko , Silla Semballa
Published: August 2024

During coevolution with their hosts, trypanosomes have developed mechanisms to modulate immune responses. Some of these mechanisms involve deregulating amino acid metabolism, including L-arginine and potentially L-tryptophan metabolism. Then, we wanted to decipher tryptophan (Trp) metabolism via the IDO1 pathway, involving the AhR (Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor) receptor. The inhibitors 1-M-LT for IDO1 and CH-223191 for AhR were used to study the involvement of IDO1. The method consisted of carrying out a series of trypanosome/macrophage co-cultures with the various inhibitors, assessing the parasite load, and then characterizing the effects of these inhibitors in vivo. Our preliminary results demonstrated that in vitro inhibitors of IDO1 and AhR distinctly reduced parasite multiplication in co-culture with macrophages. These results show that in vitro, IDO1 and AhR are involved in T. musculi-induced immunomodulation.
Climatic Effects of Ocean Salinity on M Dwarf Exoplanets
Authors: Batra Kyle , Olson Stephanie L.
Published: August 2024

Ocean salinity is known to dramatically affect the climates of Earth-like planets orbiting Sun-like stars, with high salinity leading to less ice and higher surface temperature. However, how ocean composition impacts climate under different conditions, such as around different types of stars or at different positions within the habitable zone, has not been investigated. We used ROCKE-3D, an ocean-atmosphere general circulation model, to simulate how planetary climate responds to ocean salinities for planets with G-star versus M dwarf hosts at several stellar fluxes. We find that increasing ocean salinity from 20 to 100 g kg−1 in our model results in nonlinear ice reduction and warming on G-star planets, sometimes causing abrupt transitions to different climate states. Conversely, sea ice on M dwarf planets responds more gradually and linearly to increasing salinity. Moreover, reductions in sea ice on M dwarf planets are not accompanied by significant surface warming as on G-star planets. High salinity can modestly bolster the resilience of M dwarf planets against snowball glaciation and allow these planets to retain surface liquid water further from their host star, but the effects are muted compared to G-star planets that experience snowball bifurcation and climate hysteresis due to the ice-albedo feedback.
A validated spectrophotometric analysis for simultaneous estimation of vincristine sulfate and bovine serum albumin in pure preparations using Vierordt’s method
Authors: Hasan Hamid Jabbar , Ghareeb Mowafaq Mohammed
Published: August 2024

The novel Vierordt’s approach, or simultaneous equation method, was created and validated for the concurrent determination of vincristine sulfate (VCS) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) in pure solutions utilizing UV spectrophotometry. It is simple, precise, economical, rapid, reliable, and accurate. This method depends on measuring absorbance at two wavelengths, 296 nm and 278 nm, which correspond to the λmax of VCS and BSA in deionized water, respectively. The calibration curves of VCS and BSA are linear at concentration ranges of 10–60 μg/mL and 200–1600 μg/mL, with correlation coefficient values (R2) of 1 and 0.999, respectively. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were 0.465 μg/mL and 1.410 μg/mL for VCS and 41.096 μg/mL and 124.533 μg/mL for BSA. The precision investigation indicated that the relative standard deviation (RSD) value was within limitations (RSD < 2%). The percentage recovery varied between 99.40 and 103.20% for VCS and 97.90 and 102.54% for BSA at various concentration levels, demonstrating that the simultaneous equation technique is accurate. The suggested approach can be successfully applied to estimate VCS and BSA simultaneously in pure and pharmaceutical-marketed products comprising these two components.
Risk stratiﬁcation of sepsis death based on machine learning algorithm
Authors: Ma Jiaqi , Chang Hui , Zhong Xiaoqing , Chen Yueli
Published: August 2024

Sepsis, a life-threatening syndrome caused by the body's dysfunctional response to infection, carries a high mortality rate. Prompt and aggressive treatments can significantly reduce the morbidity and mortality rates. Utilizing conventional physiological and laboratory data from MIMIC Ⅲ, we applied various machine learning algorithms, including a logistic regression, XGBoost, the K-nearest neighbor, a decision tree, and a support vector machine, to predict the mortality risk. After comparing the performance of these algorithms, XGBoost emerged as the most effective, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.91, a specificity of 0.82, and a sensitivity of 0.84. Furthermore, we used a logistic regression to develop a scoring system for the sepsis death risk stratification, and achieved an AUC of 0.79. This scoring system identified high-risk patients upon their admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). By continuously collecting data from electronic health records and calculating the mortality risk scores, clinicians can promptly identify patients at a high risk of death and intervene early to either prevent or minimize the associated morbidity and mortality.
Analysis of the General Skills of Graduates in Environmental Sciences: The View of Students, Teachers and Employers
Authors: Vera Galván José Ramón , Díaz López Oliver , González Enrique
Published: August 2024

General competencies are crucial for the personal and professional growth of university graduates. This paper provides a critical analysis of the significance and level of competence development within the environmental sciences degree (ESD) context. The research involved surveys conducted among final-year students, faculty members, and industry employers. The survey results reveal that employers perceive the level of competence achieved to be higher than what teachers and students reported. However, all three groups acknowledge a high level of competence development for most skills. Nonetheless, certain competences such as critical thinking (CT), problem-solving, organisation, and planning need to be strengthened to better align with their perceived importance. Students tend to undervalue essential competences such as digital literacy and environmental awareness, contrary to international organisations’ recommendations. The study findings also underscore the necessity of enhancing “entrepreneurial skills” and emphasising the significance of the digital realm for students pursuing an environmental sciences degree.
Understanding the city as an analytical lens for career development: A systematic literature review
Authors: Vaclavik Marcia Cristiane , Macke Janaina
Published: August 2024

The local peculiarities that govern labor relations influence individuals’ agency in their career trajectories. The study of cities as a context in which careers develop has received little attention from scholars, highlighting a research gap based on understanding the city as a new analytical level. This study aims to analyze how international literature articulates the constructs of careers and cities from human capital, ecosystems, innovation, and sustainable development perspectives. Through a systematic literature review using the Web of Science database and the Iramuteq® software, we examine 42 previous studies in four main categories: city livability and attractiveness, labor market and mobility, organizational work and expatriation, and educational system. Using an interdisciplinary approach, we present four assumptions to foster future empirical research. As contributions, this study put together areas with a little academic approach, opening spaces for deeper investigations and fruitful possibilities for scholars, urban planners, and policymakers. We conclude that career management is not just an individual endeavor but part of a wide ecosystem that must be analyzed collectively, within the scope of employability, labor market, educational system, talent, human capital, attractiveness, and livability, demanding integrated actions and partnerships between the individuals and public and private sectors.
The Shifting Landscape of Digital Accessibility for Students With Visual Impairments in K-12 Schools
Authors: Martiniello Natalina
Published: August 2024

Technologies based on universal design foster greater inclusion and proactively embed accessibility for all learners. Today, the digital workflow of students with visual impairments incorporates universally accessible tools used alone or alongside specialized assistive technologies. At the same time, opportunities remain to address persisting gaps in inclusion, diversity, equity, and accessibility within the K-12 landscape. Among these priorities, there is a need to empower educators and administrators with the tools to ensure accessibility in classroom content, embed disability allyship in change management efforts, consider access equity within change measurement outcomes, and contemplate the empowering ways that accessible digital tools can be used to deepen student engagement and diversify the curriculum. This chapter traces the shift from traditional to mainstream digital accessibility for students with visual impairments, outlining how broader issues of inclusion, diversity, equity, and accessibility can inform and advance inclusive learning and UDL implementation efforts.
Enhancing Quality of Life
Authors: Padhye Yaashodaa K. , Gore Manisha
Published: August 2024

India is ageing rapidly. Being the most populous country in the world, India's ageing scenario is predicted to pose significant challenges, one of which is geriatric caregiving. The present chapter discusses the qualitative aspects of the role of a formal or trained caregivers in the delivery of geriatric palliative care (GPC) who are employed at professional care centres located in urban parts of Pune city, Maharashtra, India. Though palliative care is not a new concept, GPC is an emerging extension of palliative care that aims at maintaining the quality of life (QoL) of ailing older adults. Interestingly, GPC demands extra care and coordinated efforts with the older adults and their family members to reduce the suffering of both of them as GPC also includes end of life care. This is where the role of formal caregiver extends its duty from just being a medium to assist an older adult to also supporting him/her with so much empathy and compassion to understand their needs. The present chapter attempts to portray this extended role of formal caregivers and the contributions of their managers in making GPC a standard practice in geriatric care facilities.
Green Human Resource Management
Authors: Okunhon Precious T. , Ige-Olaobaju Adejoke Yesimi
Published: August 2024

Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) is an emerging field that focus on integrating HRM functions and practices to support business sustainability. Adopting Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) practices not only contributes to environmental sustainability but also amplifies employee engagement, providing organisations with a distinct competitive advantage. This chapter highlights the importance of GHRM in providing sustainable environmental solutions. This exploratory chapter will provide an introduction to GHRM and its initiatives in promoting environmental sustainability, it will further explore the concepts of GHRM, its advantages, challenges, and limitations. Additionally, the chapter will extensively examine strategies and practices integral to GHRM that contribute to environmental sustainability. Subsequently, recommendations for ensuring the successful implementation of GHRM practices and agenda for future academic research will be discussed. The conclusion of this study will highlight ways in which employees can actively foster and promote sustainable practices.
Green Marketing Strategies for Indonesia's Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises
Authors: Gaffar Vanessa , Koeswandi Tika
Published: August 2024

Indonesia as a developing country has a long history of implementing the development transition to become a developed country. During this transition process, social and environmental phenomena also emerged as a result of this agenda. Environmental awareness campaigns for micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia require a different approach compared to other types of businesses. With the unique characteristics of MSMEs, a special strategy and practice is needed. This chapter explains the implementation of green marketing of MSMEs from the internal and external environment. A case study is also offered to describe how a green B2b Indonesia MSME has succeed in running sustainable business practice. This chapter offers a matrix to visualize the best positioning mapping for MSMEs to effectively and efficiently implement green marketing in Indonesia and any other developing countries. The chapters set the tone for the rest of the chapters examining the implications of the issues discussed for waste management and life cycle assessment for sustainable business practice.
Integration of IoMT for Enhanced Healthcare
Authors: Tariq Muhammad Usman
Published: August 2024

The internet of medical things (IoMT) has revolutionised modern healthcare. This is explored in detail in the chapter. The chapter examines how IoMT technologies are being applied in three critical areas—sleep monitoring, body movement detection, and rehabilitation evaluation—and how they may completely transform patient outcomes and treatment. The chapter gives an overview of IoMT in healthcare in the introduction, highlighting the value of body movement detection, sleep monitoring, and rehabilitation in improving patient well-being. The chapter also covers future trends, problems and potential roadblocks to IoMT adoption, and solutions to privacy and security issues. The chapter ends with a summary of the most important lessons learned, highlighting the revolutionary potential of IoMT in contemporary healthcare and urging more research into its possible uses.
Application of Angelica Sinensis in Gynecological Diseases
Authors: Pei Feng , Zang Yunliang , Bhattacharya Pronaya , Liu Haipeng
Published: August 2024

Angelica sinensis is an herbal medicine commonly used for gynecological diseases in traditional Chinese medicine. This chapter aims to systematically review the prescriptions in ancient classics and analyze the compatibility of Angelica sinensis with other medicines, categorize the treatment, and understand the applicability from a clinical view. The prescriptions recorded in Shennong Bencao Jing and Jingyue Quanshu that are related to gynecological diseases were summarized, and the characteristics of the prescriptions were analyzed. According to the classification of gynecological diseases in traditional Chinese medicine, such as breast disease, offspring, meridians, and postpartum, the role of Angelica sinensis was analyzed based on the properties, tastes, and channel distribution. The traditional processing methods and recent development of biochemical approaches for extracting active ingredients from Angelica sinensis were also briefly reviewed. This chapter provides a comprehensive reference for Chinese medicine practitioners, clinical researchers, and biomedical engineers.
Emotional Behaviour Study Using AI Tools
Authors: Chandrasekaran R. , T. R. Thamizhvani , R. Kishore Kanna
Published: August 2024

Emotions can be stated as mental states that are described by neurological changes or variations. These mental states are always associated with different forms of conditions like joy, sorrow, anger, love, and so on. Emotions help in influencing information processing and decision making and define behaviour during the interaction with the surroundings. The human-system interaction happens when the physical, social, and cognitive connections are integrated together. Emotions can be illustrated in two different forms. One is descriptive, which the compatibility of interaction using normal linguistic forms is, and the other is prescriptive, which means determining theoretical outcomes. Emotions are formed of multiple components, and each component is associated with the episodes of neurological changes based on interaction and integration. In this chapter, various emotional patterns and its characteristics in which how it can be identified using AI tools are discussed.
Two-Dimensional Automatic SSA Domain Multi-Modal Deep Neural Network for Detection of COVID-19 From Lung Ultrasound Images
Authors: Muralidharan Neha , Gupta Shaurya , Gade Anurag , Prusty Manas Ranjan , Tripathy Rajesh Kumar , Pachori Ram Bilas
Published: August 2024

This chapter proposes an image decomposition-based multi-modal deep convolutional neural network (CNN) for the automated detection of COVID-19 using ultrasound images. The two-dimensional (2D) automatic-singular spectral analysis (Auto-SSA) is introduced to decompose ultrasound images into four modes or sub-images. The obtained modes are then used as input to the proposed multi-modal CNN model for COVID-19 detection. The performance of the proposed model is assessed on a dataset consisting of 3710 ultrasound images. The classification schemes such as COVID-19 versus pneumonia versus other ailments and COVID-19 versus pneumonia versus healthy are considered in this work. The proposed multi-modal deep CNN has obtained the maximum accuracy values of 100% and 99.87% for COVID-19 versus pneumonia versus other ailments-based classification schemes using 5-fold cross-validation (CV) and hold-out validation techniques.
Data Breach Incidents and Prevention in the Hospitality Industry
Authors: Tariq Muhammad Usman
Published: August 2024

The hotel industry, reliant on substantial financial and personal data, faces heightened susceptibility to cyber security threats, necessitating a meticulous examination of data breaches. This chapter conducts a comprehensive analysis of data breach dynamics within the hotel sector and proffers recommendations for effective preventative and remedial measures. Commencing with a detailed exploration of the mechanics underlying data breaches in the industry, the discussion delineates common categories such as credit card theft and personal data leakage, elucidating methodologies and potential repercussions. Furthermore, this chapter critically scrutinises noteworthy instances of data breaches, presenting detailed case studies that illuminate both technological and human oversights involved, along with the ensuing ramifications on financial standings, reputation, and regulatory compliance. These cases serve as foundational material for deriving insightful conclusions and formulating optimal practices conducive to robust mitigation and prevention strategies.
Analysis of the Intelligent Energy Resource Management Strategy Applied to the ENICarthage Building
Authors: Wertani Hamza , El Khaldi Jihen , Ben Salem Jamel , Lakhoua Mohamed Najeh
Published: August 2024

This chapter explores comprehensive approaches for managing energy resources in individual buildings connected to the electrical grid, integrating local renewable energy production and storage systems. It addresses diverse constraints such as geographical, climatic, physical, and socio-cultural factors. The proposed strategies aim to optimize energy production and consumption while considering economic costs, occupants' comfort, and environmental impact. The objective is to enhance energy self-consumption, minimize reliance on the grid, and maximize renewable resource utilization. Performance criteria encompass comfort, economic and environmental costs, and renewable energy utilization, ensuring a holistic approach to microgrid management.
Solid Biomass Combustion Simulation Using OpenFOAM
Authors: García Sánchez Gabriel Fernando , Velasco Jorge Luis Chacón , Martínez Morales Jairo René
Published: August 2024

Burning fossil fuels is the primary cause of global warming, with profound impacts on health, ecosystems, and infrastructure. Transitioning to renewable energy sources is crucial. Biomass, a key renewable source, offers benefits like carbon neutrality, lower emissions, and steady generation. Its use has surged, ranking it as the fourth major energy source globally. Combustion is the most common method for biomass energy; however, inefficiencies persist. Therefore, enhancing combustion efficiency is critical for emissions reduction. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models offer a promising avenue for optimization. OpenFOAM, an open-source CFD software, presents a valuable tool for simulating biomass combustion, yet its application in this field remains limited. This chapter proposes a methodology for biomass combustion simulation in OpenFOAM using “coalChemistryFoam” solver, offering a detailed examination of the current state of the field, the mathematical model within OpenFOAM, and the simulation procedure.
Cherish Data Privacy and Human Rights in the Digital Age
Authors: Singh Bhupinder
Published: August 2024

Data privacy encompasses the safeguarding and control individuals exercise over their personal information and data. It revolves around ensuring the confidentiality and security of sensitive data, including financial records, health information, and unique identifiers. In the era of extensive data collection, storage, and sharing in the digital landscape, preserving data privacy has become imperative to uphold individuals' rights and shield them from potential harm. From artificial intelligence and machine learning to internet of things (IoT) devices, innovative solutions have transformed our way of life and work. However, every innovation brings the responsibility to safeguard the privacy and security of individuals whose data is collected and processed. So, balancing innovation and personal security is a nuanced task. While innovation offers substantial benefits, it also poses risks to personal privacy without adequate regulation. This chapter dives into the diverse exploration of human rights protection concerning data and privacy of individuals in the digital arena.
The Roles of Personalized Learning and Service Learning in Developing Students' Self-Leadership and Global Citizen Education
Authors: Nguyen Tam Thi Thanh , Harrip Jeff , Tran Tien Ngoc
Published: August 2024

This book chapter scrutinizes the relationship between student self-leadership and global citizenship education in higher education using a mixed-methods design. The qualitative phase involves focused-group interviews with students and teachers, using content analysis to identify themes and patterns of the studied concepts. This phase uncovers diverse standpoints and effective instructional methods. The quantitative phase surveys 225 students to measure the direct and indirect effects of personalized learning and service learning on student self-leadership and global citizenship education, employing Hayes' moderation analyses. Findings determine how the student's self-leadership influences their global citizenship development and highlight the critical roles of personalized learning and service learning. Funded by FPT Education in Vietnam, this research provides actionable insights for educators and administrators to cultivate globally aware and responsible citizens through innovative educational practices. This study underscores the importance of integrating self-leadership, personalized learning and service learning to enhance student development and global citizenship.
Using Experiential Education and Gamification to Enhance the Quality of Instruction
Authors: Tran Minh Tung
Published: August 2024

This study aims to systematically review the literature on the use of GBL to improve the quality of the teaching process in general, and specifically in the field of hotel management, due to its importance in higher education. The chapter extensively reviewed the most relevant academic literature on the use of GBL in educational settings. The empirical analysis of a project involving 27 players from FPT University Danang's hospitality program yielded significant findings. One of the main findings of the study is a detailed description of theoretical approaches to GBL and EBL, as well as the development of a conceptual model that synthesizes the findings of multiple studies and sets the stage for future research. Another notable conclusion is the creation of a curriculum for hospitality and tourist management that gradually integrates various forms of experiential learning. The importance of the research findings underscores the necessity of close connections between the best aspects of academic and real-world contexts to enhance engagement and effectiveness in teaching and learning.
Adaptive Learning Technologies for Higher Education
Authors: Nyathi Vuyiswa Sandrah , Sisimayi Tapiwa Patson
Published: August 2024

The integration of adaptive learning technologies, particularly interactive online learning platforms, is transforming higher education to meet the demands of a digital age and socioeconomic challenges. These platforms foster active participation, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills, facilitating communication, collaboration, and information sharing across geographical boundaries. They enrich the learning experience, offering real-time interaction. E-learning platforms are notable for their adaptability and features, but challenges such as technological barriers and pedagogical concerns persist. The chapter discusses constructivism learning theory, focusing on interactive online learning platforms like Moodle, Google Classroom, Google Meet, Microsoft Teams, and Blackboard. It explores interactions, methods, challenges, and prospects, benefiting students, educators, researchers, business communities, and policymakers.
Elevating Technological Adoption: The Role of Perceived Benefits in Enhancing Learning Experiences in Higher Education
Authors: Yadav Neha , Pushpesh P.
Published: August 2024

Quality education and global competencies among students are the main focus of the education sector in the economy. The research aims to find out the effect of the intention to adopt technology on the satisfaction level of students and the impact of perceived benefits on the satisfaction level of students. Also, whether perceived benefits influence the relation between the satisfaction of students and their technological adoption intention. Reliability analysis and validity analysis were performed to check the internal consistency of data. Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling have been used to analyze the relationship among the constructs. The results highlight a direct and positive relation between students' intention to adopt technology and their satisfaction levels, indicating the importance of addressing students' perceived benefits in enhancing satisfaction. This research will help universities and higher education institutes who want to know what factors or benefits students seek while intending to use technology in their learning.