bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distal radial access in percutaneous non-coronary interventions
Authors: Korotkikh A.V. , Babunashvili A.M. , Kazantsev A.N. , Tarasyuk E.V.
Published: September 2022

Since the inception of interventional cardiology and for decades, the femoral artery has been the only access of choice for coronary angiography and intervention. Over the past 20 years an extensive evidence data accumulated, and most interventional cardiologists around the world have almost completely switched to routine radial access in both elective and emergency procedures, and in the last 5 years, a similar trend has been observed about distal radial access. Non-coronary endovascular interventions go through all the same stages to improve and optimize the approaches, but in a more accelerated way. The aim of this review was to analyze the literature on distal radial access in non-coronary interventions. Currently, according to retrospective studies and single observations, there is a clinical benefit to perform non-cardiac endovascular interventions through distal radial access. However, it is necessary to conduct prospective studies in the context of early, mid-term and long-term outcomes.
Received 16 February 2022. Revised 31 March 2022. Accepted 1 April 2022.
Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.
Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Contribution of the authors: The authors contributed equally to this article.
A City for People in the Light of Studies on Urban Stress: Case Study of a Medium-sized City in Poland - Zduńska Wola
Authors: Rzeńca Agnieszka , Wierucka Oliwia
Published: September 2022

Alarming data revealing the poor quality of the urban environment as well as international documents calling for urban policies to be re-orientated towards more sustainable growth (e.g., IPCC Sixth Assessment Report: Climate Change 2022) force greater integration and deepening of the existing urban studies, as well as promote the initiation of new research. This paper focuses on the perception of urban stress in contemporary cities and towns and on identifying factors that produce it. The case study features a deliberately selected town of Zduńska Wola, from the Łódź Voivodeship in Poland. The thesis proposed in this paper reads: Contemporary towns and cities, including Zduńska Wola, generate urban stress that is experienced by its residents. Significant aspects of this work deal with the specification of differences in the interpretation of urban stress factors. Based on the study of the literature on the issue of stress, it appears that among the most often listed stressors are the ones connected with the condition and quality of the environment, which was confirmed by opinions expressed by inhabitants of Zduńska Wola (more than 70% of respondents mentioned pollution as a stress factor). Interestingly, our questionnaire-based studies revealed that commuters to the city reported higher levels of perceived stress caused by neglected urban space, than permanent residents.
The LL-37 Antimicrobial Peptide as a Treatment for Systematic Infection
of Acinetobacter baumannii in a Mouse Model
Authors: Abtahi Hamid , Zarei-Mehrvarz Ehsan , Fahimirad Shohreh , Ghaznavi-rad Ehsanollah , Abbasian Shabnam Sadoogh
Published: September 2022

Background:

The antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) played a critical role in the innate immunity of host and considered natural sources illustrating a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity with high specificity and low cytotoxicity. AMPs generally possess a net positive charge and have amphipathic structures. Thus, AMPs can bind and interact with negatively charged bacterial cell membranes, leading to destructive defects in biomembranes and ending in cell death. LL37 is only human cathelicidin-derived antimicrobial peptide which show a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity.

Materials and Methods:

To determine the antibacterial efficiency of LL37 in a mouse model of systemic A. baumannii infection, LL37 corresponding gene was expressed in E.coli, purification and refolding situations were optimized. The antimicrobial performance of produced LL-37 against A. baumannii was evaluated in vitro via MIC and Time Kill assays, and its destructive effects on the bacterial cell were confirmed by SEM image.

Results:

The recombinant LL37 showed strong antibacterial function against A. baumannii at 1.5 μg/mL concentration. Time kill assay showed a sharp reduction of cell viability during the first period of exposure, and complete cell death was recorded after 40 min exposure.

Conclusion:

Furthermore, in vivo results represented a significant ability of LL37 in the treatment of systematic infected mouse models, and all infected mice receiving LL37 protein survived without no trace of bacteria in their blood samples.
Curcuminoids Attenuate Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by
Regulating Total RNA M6a Levels: In Vitro Study
Authors: Cui Jian-Kun , Wang Xin , Fan Mingming , Wang Qinwen
Published: September 2022

Objective:

Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is an unresolved medical problem with a high incidence. This study aims to analyze the novel molecular mechanism by which curcuminoids protect cardiomyocytes from IR injury.

Methods:

A IR model in vitro of rat cardiomyocytes H9c2 cells was structured. Curcumin (CUR) and its derivatives, demethoxycurcumin (DMC) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) treated H9c2 cells, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, viability, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), oxidative stress and total RNA m6A levels of H9c2 cells were detected by using DCFH-DA stain, CCK-8, flow cytometry, Hoechst 33342 stain, TMRM stain, ELISA and RT-qPCR. FB23 was used in rescue experiments.

Results:

IR significantly increased ROS production, decreased cell viability, and induced apoptosis, MMP loss, and oxidative stress. In addition, IR induced an increase in total RNA m6A levels and changes in m6A-related proteins expression. CUR (10 μM), DMC (10 μM) and BDMC (10 μM), significantly inhibited IR-induced ROS production, apoptosis, MMP loss and oxidative stress, and enhanced cell viability. Furthermore, CUR, DMC and BDMC altered the expression pattern of m6A-related proteins and reduced IR-induced total m6A levels. There was no significant difference in the effects of the three. FB23 partially offseted the protective effect of CUR

Conclusion:

Curcuminoids attenuate myocardial IR injury by regulating total RNA m6A levels.
Compelling Cyclic Peptide Scaffolds for Antitubercular Action: An
Account (2011-21) of the Natural Source
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Anupam , Chowdhury Arnab
Published: September 2022

Natural cyclic peptide scaffolds are indispensable in medicinal chemistry, chemical biology,
and drug discovery platforms due to their chemical diversity, structural integrity, proteolytic stability
and biocompatibility. Historically, their isolation and profound understanding of target engagement
have been identified as lead pharmacophore discovery. Natural cyclic peptides are the largest class of
pharmacologically active scaffold, in which most show activity against drug-resistant Mycobacterium
tuberculosis (Mtb). Nevertheless, eight recently discovered cyclic peptide scaffolds exhibit promising
antitubercular activity among numerous naturally occurring antitubercular peptides, and they are amenable
scaffolds to drug development. We examined their biological origin, scaffolds, isolations, chemical
synthesis, and reasons for biological actions against Mtb. Understanding these peptide scaffold details
will further allow synthetic and medicinal chemists to develop novel peptide therapeutics against
tuberculosis-infected deadly diseases. This review emphasizes these cyclic peptides' in vitro and in
vivo activity profiles, including their structural and chemical features.
In Vitro and In Silico Studies of Glycyrrhetinic Acid Derivatives as Antitubercular
Agents
Authors: Khare Naveen K. , Srivastava Santosh K. , Vishwakarma Sadhna , Shukla Aparna , Khan Feroz , Trivedi Priyanka , Chaturvedi Vinita
Published: September 2022

Background:

Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) is a biologically active triterpenoid acid, isolated from the root of the Glycyrrhiza plant species. In our earlier studies, the semisynthetic analogs of GA have been reported to possess improved anticancer activities against various cell lines, antimalarial, and antifilarial activities.

Method:

GA was isolated and characterized from roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra and converted to its various C-3 aryl ester derivatives via the protection of C-30 carboxylic group. Antitubercular activity was determined against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra by Agar dilution assay. The in-silico docking was performed for the most active analogue against three antitubercular targets, catalase peroxidase, dihydrofolate reductase and enoyl-ACP reductase.

Results:

The derivatives, Methyl glycyrrhetinate (GA-1), 3-O-(4-methyl-phenyl)-ethanoyl methyl glycyrrhetinate (GA-1a), 3-O-(4-fluoro phenyl)-ethanoyl methyl glycyrrhetinate (GA-1c), 3-O-(4-methoxy trans cinnamyl)-ethanoyl methyl glycyrrhetinate (GA-1e) and 3-O-{(4-chlorophenyl)-ethanoyl methyl glycyrrhetinate (GA-1g) showed improved antitubercular activity (in the range 38.76 to 51.546 mM) over the parent molecule (MIC >106.157 mM). The derivative, 3-O-(4-aminobenzoyl)- methyl glycyrrhetinate (GA-1h) was found most active (MIC 20.695 mM) which was further supported by high binding affinity with the selected antitubercular target proteins in in silico docking studies.

Conclusion:

Synthetic modifications on GA led to C-3 aryl ester derivatives with improved antitubercular activities. Further studies for the development of GA-1h as potential antitubercular lead is therefore warranted.
Statin in Clinical and Preclinical Knee Osteoarthritis-What E vidence Exists for Future Clinical Use?-A Literature Review
Authors: Siddiq Md Abu Bakar , Jahan Israt , Rasker Johannes J.
Published: September 2022

Background:

Statins are used to lower serum cholesterol. Recent preclinical and clinical research focuses on articular cartilage regeneration aspects of statin. This review summarizes the effects of statins on knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods:

Published preclinical and clinical literature till November 2021 were searched in PubMed and PubMed Central databases. Articles not written in English, not relevant for the review, and un-published evidence were excluded. Finally, 27 papers were reviewed and presented in the study.

Results:

A total of 27 articles have been included-13 clinical and 14 preclinical studies. Preclinical studies showed statin-induced chondroprotective effects; these included in vitro studies on human or animal-derived degenerated articular cartilage as well as OA animal models. Chondroprotective effects of statins are thought to mediate by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, prevent-ing synovial inflammation, and inhibiting catabolic-stress-induced aging of cartilage. Preclinical study outcomes were based on biochemical, macroscopic, and microscopic (histology) assessments and seemed promising in cartilage regeneration. In the 13 clinical studies, the effect of statins on human OA is inconclusive: some showing improvement of OA symptoms, and others depict signs of aggravation and radiological progression. No randomized controlled trial (RCT) has tested the efficacy of intra-articular statins in clinical knee OA, and it seems feasible to avoid oral statin-associated severe adverse effects.

Conclusion:

There are no arguments to recommend oral statins in clinical OA-knee. An RCT test-ing the efficacy of oral statins in patients with OA knee was never done and still seems justified, as well as a prospective phase-II clinical trial for intra-articular statins in different types of OA.
Prediction of Breast Cancer Through Random Forest
Authors: S. Safia Naveed
Published: September 2022

Background:

8% of women are diagnosed with breast cancer. (BC) BC is the second most
common cause of death in both developed and undeveloped countries. BC is characterized by the mutation
of genes, constant pain, changes in the size, color (redness), and skin texture of breasts. Classification
of breast cancer leads pathologists to find a systematic and objective prognostic; generally, the
most frequent classification is binary (benign/malignant).

Introduction:

Machine Learning (ML) techniques are broadly used in breast cancer classification.
They provide high classification accuracy and effective diagnostic capabilities. Breast cancer remains
one of the top diseases that lead to thousands of deaths in women yearly. Artificial intelligence (AI)
has been utilized to rapidly and accurately identify breast tumors and for early diagnosis. This paper
aims to research, determine and classify these tumors.

Methods:

Machine learning algorithm such as Random Forest (RF) is used to classify medical images
into malignant and benign. Moreover, Machine learning has been employed recently for the same purpose.

Results:

The results showed that Random Forest achieved high accuracy; therefore, the researchers
utilized various functions for this algorithm and added more features such as bagging and boosting to
increase its efficacy.

Conclusion:

The random Forest algorithm achieved an enhanced accuracy of 98%.
Plant Alpha-amylase Inhibitors: Steady Kinetic Study, Bidens odorata
Aqueous Infusion Toxicity and Stability in Digestive Tract Simulation
Authors: Valdés Roberto Arredondo , Ceniceros Elda Patricia Segura , Iliná Anna , Hernández José Luis Martínez , Belmares Sonia Yesenia Silva , González Rodolfo Ramos , Kunakova Raihana , Zaynullin Radik
Published: September 2022

Background:

α-Amylase inhibitors are considered an important therapeutic target to control
type 2 diabetes mellitus, reducing postprandial hyperglycemia. Medicinal plants are an important source
with inhibitory activities of this enzyme but are little studied.

Objective:

The present study explored the α-amylase inhibition with extracts of 11 medicinal plants
available in Saltillo, Mexico; the kinetic mechanism of inhibition of selected extracts and their phytochemical
screening; evaluation of the toxicity of Bidens odorata extract in Artemia salina model, as
well as estimation of its inhibitory effect under in vitro digestive tract conditions.

Methods:

The inhibitory assays were carried out spectrophotometrically with aqueous suspensions of
the extracts obtained after evaporation of solvent from aqueous and ethanolic infusions.

Results:

Eleven plants showed an inhibitory effect of α-amylase above 10% of the initial activity at
666.7 ppm. Four plants were selected for kinetic assay due to the inhibitory effect near or higher than 20
%. The IC50 for the aqueous suspension of the ethanolic extract of Bidens odorata was 851 ppm, similar
to that detected with the drug acarbose. The inhibition mechanism for Bidens odorata, Cinchona succirub,
and Opuntia ficus-indicata was competitive, and for Cnidoscolus chayamansa it was uncompetitive.
All selected extracts presented flavonoids, the majority contained terpenoids, 3 contained tannins
and phenols. The aqueous infusion of Bidens odorata - model of a functional drink showed no toxicity
and was characterized by resistance for 60 min to the simulated stomach and intestinal conditions in
vitro.

Conclusions:

The findings of this study revealed the species of medicinal plants, which were not previously
considered as sources of α-amylase inhibitors, and their kinetic mechanisms of inhibition, which
can be used for functional hypoglycemic food preparation.
A Fuzzy System Classification Approach for QSAR Modeling of α-
Amylase and α-Glucosidase Inhibitors
Authors: Diéguez-Santana Karel , Puris Amilkar , Rivera-Borroto Oscar M. , Casanola-Martin Gerardo M. , Rasulev Bakhtiyor , González-Díaz Humberto
Published: September 2022

Introduction:

This report proposes the application of a new Machine Learning algorithm
called Fuzzy Unordered Rules Induction Algorithm (FURIA)-C in the classification of druglike
compounds with antidiabetic inhibitory ability toward the main two pharmacological targets:
α-amylase and α-glucosidase.

Methods:

The two obtained QSAR models were tested for classification capability, achieving satisfactory
accuracy scores of 94.5% and 96.5%, respectively. Another important outcome was to
achieve various α-amylase and α-glucosidase fuzzy rules with high Certainty Factor values. Fuzzy-
Rules derived from the training series and active classification rules were interpreted. An important
external validation step, comparing our method with those previously reported, was also
included.

Results:

The Holm’s test comparison showed significant differences (p-value<0.05) between
FURIA-C, Linear Discriminating Analysis (LDA), and Bayesian Networks, the former beating the
two latter according to the relative ranking score of the Holm’s test.

Conclusion:

From these results, the FURIA-C algorithm could be used as a cutting-edge technique
to predict (classify or screen) the α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of new compounds
and hence speed up the discovery of new potent multi-target antidiabetic agents.
A Number of the N-terminal RASSF Family: RASSF7
Authors: Xu Yang , Du Wei , Xiao Yongshuang , Gao Keyu , Li Jie , Li Shuofeng
Published: September 2022

The Ras association domain family 7 (RASSF7, also named HRC1), a potential tumor-related gene, located
on human chromosome 11p15, has been identified as an important member of the N-terminal RASSF family. Whereas,
the molecular biological mechanisms of RASSF7 in tumorigenesis remain to be further established. We perform a
systematic review of the literature and assessment from PUBMED and MEDLINE databases in this article. RASSF7
plays a significant role in mitosis, microtubule growth, apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation. Many research
literature shows that the RASSF7 could promote the occurrence and advance of human tumors by regulating Aurora B,
MKK4, MKK7, JNK, YAP, MEK, and ERK, whereas, it might inhibit c-Myc and thus lead to the suppression of tumorigenesis.
The pregulation of RASSF7 often occurs in various malignancies such as lung cancer, neuroblastoma,
thyroid neoplasm, hepatocellular cancer, breast cancer and gastric cancer. The expression stage of RASSF7 is positively
correlated with the tumor TNM stage. In this review, we primarily elaborate on the acknowledged structure and
progress in the various biomechanisms and research advances of RASSF7, especially the potential relevant signaling
pathways. We hope that RASSF7 , a prospective therapeutic target for human malignancies, could play an available
role in future anti-cancer treatment.
Neuroinflammation: Molecular Mechanisms And Therapeutic Perspectives
Authors: Meccariello Rosaria , Marino Marianna , Mele Elena , Pastorino Grazia Maria Giovanna , Operto Francesca Felicia , Santoro Antonietta , Viggiano Andrea
Published: September 2022

Background:

Neuroinflammation is a key component in the etiopathogenesis of neurological diseases and brain aging. This process involves the brain immune system that modulates synaptic functions and protects neurons from infection or damage. Hence, the knowledge of neuroinflammation related-pathways and modulation by drugs or natural compounds is functional to the development of therapeutic strategies aimed at preserving, maintaining and restoring brain health.

Objective:

This review article summarizes the basics in neuroinflammation and related signaling pathways, the success of dietary intervention in clinical practice and the possible development of RNA-based strategies for the treatment of neurological diseases.

Methods:

Pubmed search (2012-2022); keywords: neuroinflammation and molecular mechanisms in combination with diet, miRNA and non-coding RNA.

Results:

Glial cells play a crucial role in neuroinflammation, but several pathways can be activated in response to different inflammatory stimuli, inducing cell death by apoptosis, pyroptosis or necroptosis. Dietary intervention has immunomodulatory effects and could limit the inflammatory process induced by microglia and astrocytes. Thus by ihibiting neuroinflammation and improving the symptoms of a variety of neurological diseases, diet exerts pleiotropic neuroprotective effects independently from the spectrum of pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the specific disorder. Furthermore, data from animal models revealed that altered expression of specific non-coding RNAs, in particular microRNAs, contributes to neuroinflammatory diseases; consequently, RNA-based strategies may be promising to alleviate the consequences of neuroinflammation.

Conclusion:

Further studies are needed to identify the molecular pathways and the new pharmacological targets in neuroinflammation to lay the basis for more effective and selective therapies to be applied, in parallel to dietary intervention, in the treatment of neuroinflammation-based diseases.
A Review of Perception-Based Navigation System for Autonomous Mobile Robots
Authors: Fusic S. Julius , Sugumari T.
Published: September 2022

Perception-based navigation systems have become more popular in robotic applications such as autonomous moving vehicles in hospitals, logistics, packing and forwarding, mines, military, defense, consumer robots, building surveillance, rescuing and carrying a child or physically challenged people, and so on, due to the need, advanced development, and large influence. To improve positioning, localization, and path planning on obstacle-free trajectories, several navigation designs have been developed. In this study, we attempt to analyze various navigation methods and technologies applied by mobile robots in various applications. On paths without obstacles, a number of navigation designs have been created to enhance positioning, localization, and path planning. An overview of many navigation technologies is given in this article. The paper focuses on Measurand-based navigation of mobile robot applications in a diverse environment by taking into account previous research works. Additionally, there is a comparison of technologies, methodologies, applications, algorithms for error reduction, and different kinds of perception systems, in addition to metrics like accuracy and usability. This limited study focuses on the integration of an antenna with an IMU-based navigation system that is suited for all environments, as well as some future trends to detect to aid in the profound-implication of navigation system enhancement in robotic applications.
Association with and Dissociation from Groups in Response to Personal and Social Identity Threats: The Role of Self-Construal and Anxiety
Authors: Dariusz Drążkowski
Published: September 2022

Background:

In response to an identity threat, some individuals may dissociate themselves from social groups, whereas others may associate with these groups.

Objective:

This study examined how threats to social and personal identity influence the processes of association/dissociation with in-groups and out-groups in individuals with different self-construal types. Further, it explored whether the associative/dissociative processes are linked with physiological anxiety aroused by the identity threat.

Methods:

A total of 204 women were randomly assigned to one of six conditions: identity threat (social vs. personal vs. no threat) and primed self-construal (independent vs. interdependent).

Results and Discussion:

Under identity threat, independent women may dissociate from their out-group, which is manifested in lower ratings for masculine consumer brands. In contrast, interdependent women may associate with their in-group as well as the out-group, which is manifested as higher ratings for feminine and masculine brands, respectively. These findings provide evidence that the response to an identity threat depends not on the type of identity threat but rather on the type of self-construal. The results showed an unexpected possibility of association with the out-group when faced with an identity threat. However, physiological arousal did not mediate these effects, suggesting that associative/dissociative processes are a product of the maintenance of a positive self-concept rather than psycho-physiological efforts to regulate arousal.

Conclusion:

This work contributes to the existing literature on the impact of personal and social identity threats on in-group and out-group association/dissociation, evaluated using brand ratings representing these groups. The results also have several practical implications for marketers.
Pediatric Basic Life Support among Nursing Students in Jordan: Stimulation-Based Education
Authors: Kasem Abedallah , Abuhammad Sawsan
Published: September 2022

Background:

In the context of seeking to reduce the neonatal mortality rate (NMR) in Jordan, there is a need to use simulation to teach and train nursing students in pediatric basic life support (PBLS) skills. This study aims to measure the preservation of PBLS knowledge and determine whether active observation of an immersive simulation using a simple checklist would improve PBLS skills.

Methods:

A single group pretest-posttest approach design was applied in the Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST) pediatric simulation lab for 108 nursing students.

Results:

The result of the paired samples t-test showed that there was a statistically significant increase in PBLS knowledge between pretest and post-test. The result of the paired samples t-test in the group showed that there was a statistically significant enhancement in PBLS skills between pretest and post-test. PBLS skills at pretest were poor (M = 4.31, SD = 1.12). It was reported that place of residence is a significant predictor of knowledge in PBLS (p <.05).

Conclusion:

The results of this study showed that a simulation-based PBLS course positively impacted knowledge and skills in pediatric BLS. The findings also suggest that policymakers should establish continued professional development BLS training programs for healthcare providers, especially nurses, which can be provided at low cost in most of the settings around the country.
Impact of Non-Biodegradable Polymers on the Environment and Human Health
Authors: Singh Sudarshan , Chunglok Warangkana
Published: September 2022

Synthetic polymers have been thriving in global industries over the past few decades due to their malleability, resilience, and economic value. But leaching of additives such as bisphenol-A, polybrominated diphenyl ether, and phthalates used in the manufacturing of polymeric products has raised serious concerns. However, the growing interest and investment in the development of biodegradable polymers could be a vital step toward reducing the impact of non-degradable polymers on the environment. Moreover, a combination of petroleum products with biopolymers can be a turning point for gradually replacing synthetic polymers to address or resolve these problems. In addition, a possible reduction in plastic polymer usage and manufacturing of products with materials that are less aggressive towards the environment can also reduce the impact of plastic on nature. Nature-derived biopolymers possess an enormous advantage over synthetic polymeric materials through cost-effectiveness, eco-, and user-friendly materials. Furthermore, the advanced applications of biopolymers in medical, tissue engineering, food industry, and fabrication of biotechnological products suggest that biopolymers are a boon for nature over synthetic polymers. This chapter discusses the advantage of biopolymers over synthetic polymers considering socioeconomic, human health, and environmental aspects. Additionally, the impact of petroleum-based polymeric materials on the environment compared to biodegradable polymers has been taken into consideration. The discussion is further extended to life cycle assessment, regulation, valorization, and utilization of polymer derived from waste with their potential use as inactive materials.
Exploring Malaysian Consumers' Perception and Purchase Intention of Meat Analogues
Authors:   Sime Darby Plantation Research Sdn Bhd, Zaman Maslia Manja B. Badrul , Lai Chun Wai ,   Universiti Putra Malaysia, Abidin Ungku Fatimah Ungku Zainal ,   Universiti Putra Malaysia, Sanny Maimunah ,   Universiti Putra Malaysia
Published: September 2022

Increased meat consumption is said to have detrimental effects on health, environmental, and non-ethical. One alternative to meat consumption is meat analogues. To our knowledge, Malaysian consumers' perceptions, expectations and their purchase intention of meat analogues is less explored. In our study, significant determinants of consumers’ purchase intentions of meat analogues were studied on 387 consumers by using the extended Ajzen's theory of planned behaviour (TPB). The TPB model accounted for 49% of the variance in purchase intention and 6% of the variance in purchase behaviour. It was revealed that attitude, subjective norms, environmental concerns, healthiness influence, and objective knowledge were all statistically significant predictors of consumers' intention to purchase meat analogues. Purchase intention had a significant but negative correlation on purchase behaviour . We found no evidence that perceived behavioural control, food neophobia, and perceived monetary barriers influenced purchase intention. Knowledge on meat analogues was not significantly correlated with attitude towards meat analogues. Our study also confirmed that meat substitutes should taste, feel, and prepare similarly to meats. In a nutshell, the research findings indicated that meat analogue producers should emphasize on improving the sensorial qualities of their existing meat substitute products and increasing consumers’ awareness about the novel food product.
Green' Production of Protein Isolate from Novel Golden Pennycress Seeds
Authors:   USDA ARS NCAUR Plant Polymer Research, Hojilla-Evangelista Milagros , Evangelista Roque ,   USDA ARS NCAUR Bio-Oils Research
Published: September 2022

A new field pennycress variety with golden yellow seeds (TT8) was developed to enhance protein properties and for use as an alternative plant protein source. The chemical and functional properties of TT8 proteins have not been determined. Additionally, alternatives to hexane for defatting are being sought due to negative consumer perception on the use of petroleum-based solvents for food processing. In this research, alcohol defatting of the TT8 ground seeds and saline extraction (AL-SE) of the protein were evaluated as approaches for protein production and compared with the previous hexane defatting/saline extraction (HX-SE) techniques. Seeds were ground (final particle size 250-350 μ) and then defatted with anhydrous ethanol or hexane (60°C) until residual oil content was around 0.7%. Protein extraction from defatted meal was done using our saline-based method (1: 10 w/v, 0.1 M NaCl, 2 h, 50°C) for wild pennycress. Alcohol defatted meal was more protein-enriched (49% protein) than hexane-defatted meal (39% protein), but its protein yield and extraction efficiency were reduced. AL-SE protein had lower purity (85% protein) than did the HX-SE protein (94%). Solubility (73-98%) of AL-SE protein from pH 2-8.5 was notably greater than those observed for HX-SE protein. Foaming capacity (125-145 mL), foam stability (90-93% remaining foam after 15 min), emulsifying activity index (141-236 m2/g protein), and emulsion stability index (15-26 min) were also improved in the AL-SE protein. Overall, TT8 protein was more soluble than wild pennycress protein from pH 2-7 and showed better foaming and emulsifying properties. This work demonstrated that proteins with desirable properties can be produced by AL-SE from TT8, a new golden pennycress variety.
Introducing Mung Bean as an Alternative or Rotation Crop to Tobacco in Virginia
Authors:   Virginia Tech, Wilbur Jessica , Abaye Ozzie ,   Virginia Tech, Zhang Bo ,   Virginia Tech, Willki Carol ,   Virginia Tech Southern Piedmont Agricultural Research & Extension Center
Published: September 2022

Mung bean [Vigna radiata] is an important grain legume crop in Asia, particularly in India. Mungbean is consumed in the United States by a niche market in Asian cuisines, mostly as bean sprout, but is on the rise for use as an alternative plant protein as it is very high in micronutrients such as zinc, iron, and folic acid while also being low in fat and high in protein. Currently, more than two-thirds of mungbeans consumed in the United States are imported and nearly all domestically farmed mungbeans are produced in Oklahoma. This project explores the viability for mungbean to be produced by Virginia tobacco farmers as an alternative specialty or rotation crop since the demand for tobacco is on the decline. Two cultivars commercially available in the United States, Berken and OK2000, were planted in two locations in southern piedmont Virginia with an early and late planting date to determine the optimal time to plant mungbean and if it is a feasible crop in Virginia. Location played the most determining factor in overall seed size (g/100 seeds) for both cultivars--which is an indicator of quality--but the overall yield was not affected by location or planting date for either cultivar. Berken yielded an average of 771.03 lbs/ ac and OK2000 yielded an average of 728.81 lbs/ac as compared to 1000 lbs/ acre being considered “good yield.” This study suggests that an early versus late planting date has minimal effect on overall yield of mungbean, and with proper management techniques, there is potential for production in Virginia. This project is important to the AOCS community because it looks into the potential for mungbean to be grown in greater acreage within the USA as an alternative plant protein crop.
Improving Edamame Seedling Establishment by Determining the Optimal Temperature
Authors:   Virginia Tech, Li Xiaoying , Zhang Bo ,   Virginia Tech
Published: September 2022

Demand in the United States for edamame has increased over the past two decades. Edamame has become the second largest soyfood consumed in the US (25,000-30,000 tons annually). While domestic edamame production is slowly increasing, at least 70% of edamame consumed in the US is imported. Poor crop establishment is a major problem limiting edamame production. Seedling emergence ranges from 50-85%, which is lower than that of grain-type soybean ( >85%). Seedling stand can be improved by growing under the optimal temperature. Up to now, edamame is planted still based on grain-type soybean recommendations. The objective of this study was to determine the minimum, optimum, and maximum emergence temperatures of edamame. It will provide a scientific basis for deciding the best planting time of edamame, ultimately improving its seedling stand in the field. In this study, two edamame cultivars (VT Sweet and UA Kirksey) were tested for their seedling emergence percentage and emergence rate (i.e., emergence speed) at 5, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 32, 35, 38, 41, 45 °C (soil temperature) using the LabFieldTM Simulation Table. Two grain-type soybean cultivars (MFS-48P1 and USF5618v) were checks. The results showed that the optimal temperature range for edamame seedling emergence is 25-32 °C, which is lower than that of grain-type soybean (29-36 °C). Soybean did not emerge at around 4 °C, however, edamame seeds may have a higher tolerance to low temperature compared with grain-type soybean. The maximum temperature varied little among soybean types, with an average of 41.08 °C. In addition, edamame needs more thermal time to emerge. The results indicate that edamame has a different emergence response to temperature compared with grain-type soybean. Edamame should be planted earlier than grain-type soybean and later planting may reduce edamame seedling emergence.
Gender Incongruence: clinical, psychological and therapeutic aspects
Authors: Yagubov M. I. , Starostina E. A. , Dobaeva N. V. , Ichmelyan M. A.
Published: September 2022

Recently, the issues of violations of gender identity are becoming more relevant and discussed, the number of patients with a request for a sex change is increasing. The complexity of this issue requires clinicians to be competent in helping transgender people, as they sometimes face many obstacles in the way of receiving care in medical institutions: the lack of specialists in the regions, a clear algorithm for helping transgender people, discrimination, stigmatization, and financial difficulties. At the same time, there are more and more foreign studies devoted to "detransition", i.e. "reverse" gender reassignment, which may indicate existing problems in the diagnosis of these conditions and methods of providing medical care to patients with gender identity disorders. The most difficult issues when working with patients experiencing gender dysphoria, in addition to identifying the true causes of gender identity disorders, are the preservation of fertility after gender-affirmative interventions, possible regrets after operations, and the provision of medical care to minors. Changes in the classification of gender disorders, including the exclusion of transsexualism from the class of mental disorders, creates the basis for discussions about the clinical, psychopathological and phenomenological features of these conditions. The scientific review provides information on the clinical and psychological aspects of gender identity disorders, as well as on therapeutic interventions for individuals with this pathology, using a multidisciplinary approach. Certain stages of the provision of medical and social assistance are described to reduce risks and more successful, professional assistance to persons with a gender incongruence.
A telehealth system based on the ontology design of a diabetes management pathway model in China: Development and evaluation (Preprint)
Authors: Fan ZhiYuan , Cui LiYuan , Ye Ying , Li ShouCheng , Deng Ning
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND

Diabetes needs to be under control with management and intervention. Mobile health is a practical approach for diabetes management. However, most diabetes mobile health management systems did not meet expectations, which may be due to the lack of standardized management processes in the management systems and the lack of intervention implementation recommendations in the management knowledge base.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was as following: (1) to construct a diabetes management care pathway suitable for the actual situation in China; (2) to express the diabetes management care pathway using ontology; (3) to develop a diabetes closed-loop system based on the construction results of the diabetes management pathway and apply it practically.

METHODS

This study proposes a diabetes management care pathway model which divides the management process of diabetes is divided into nine management tasks and constructs the Diabetes Care Pathway Ontology (DCPO) is constructed to represent the knowledge contained in this pathway model. A telehealth system was designed and developed based on the DCPO, which can support the comprehensive management of diabetes patients while providing active intervention by physicians. A retrospective study was performed based on the data records extracted from the system to analyze usability, the treatment effect of DCPO.

RESULTS

The diabetes management pathway ontology constructed in this study contains 119 newly added classes, 28 object properties, 58 data properties, 81 individuals and 426 axioms, and 192 SWRL rules. The developed mobile medical system was applied to 272 diabetic patients. Within 3 months, the average fasting blood glucose of the patients decreased by 1.34mmol/L (P<0.01), and the average 2h postprandial blood glucose decreased by 2.63mmol/L (P<0.01), while the average systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased by 11.86mmHg (P<0.5) and 8.8mmHg (P<0.5) respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

This study guides the timing and content of interactive interventions between physicians and patients and regulates physicians' medical service behavior. Different management plans are formulated for physicians and patients according to different characteristics, which can comprehensively manage various cardiovascular risk factors. The application of DCPO in the diabetes management system can provide effective and adequate management support for diabetic patients and diabetic patients with hypertension.
Mobile Apps and Quality of Life in Patients With Breast Cancer and Survivors: Systematic Literature Review (Preprint)
Authors: Saevarsdottir Saeunn Rut , Gudmundsdottir Sigridur Lara
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND

Side effects of breast cancer treatment may persist long into survivorship, reducing quality of life (QOL) in patients with breast cancer and survivors. There is growing evidence for the use of digital health technologies, such as mobile apps, to support self-management, decrease symptom burden, and improve QOL in patients with cancer. However, an updated overview of the effects of mobile apps on QOL and well-being in patients with breast cancer and survivors is needed.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this review was to provide an overview of breast cancer–specific, mobile app–driven lifestyle or behavioral interventions in patient care through to survivorship and their impact on QOL and mental well-being.

METHODS

A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted to identify relevant studies. The inclusion criteria were limited to original studies involving a trial of a mobile app–driven lifestyle or behavioral intervention for patients with breast cancer or survivors and using QOL or well-being measures. The results of the studies that met the inclusion criterion were then synthesized in text and table format. The quality of the evidence was assessed with the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool.

RESULTS

A total of 17 studies with the number of participants ranging from 23 to 356 met the inclusion criterion. Of the 17 reviewed studies, 7 (41%) delivered an app-only intervention, and 10 (59%) combined an app with additional supporting materials, such as SMS text messaging, telecoaching, wearables, or printed materials. Among the 17 reviewed studies, 6 (35%) focused on aiding patients with breast cancer during the active treatment phase (excluding ongoing hormone therapy), whereas the remaining 11 (65%) focused on survivorship. The majority of the studies (14/17, 82%) observed some positive effects on QOL or well-being measures.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of the review indicate that mobile apps are a promising avenue for improving QOL and well-being in breast cancer care. Positive effects were observed in patients undergoing active treatment in all reviewed studies, but effects were less clear after chemotherapy and in long-term survivors. Although lifestyle and behavioral digital interventions are still being developed, and further research should still be pursued, the available data suggest that current mobile health apps aid patients with breast cancer and survivors.
Identifying the ongoing and local HIV acquisition among newly diagnosed sexually transmitted HIV/AIDS in China: Innovative approach for HIV epidemic surveillance practice (Preprint)
Authors: Jiang Jun , Cheng Wei , Xu Yun , Yang Jiezhe , Chen Wanjun , Luo Mingyu , Tang Huiling , Zhang Xingliang , Zhou Xin , Pan Xiaohong , Chai Chengliang
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND

Population migration makes it complex and difficult to identify local hotspot of HIV transmission, and compromise the HIV prevention and control efforts.

OBJECTIVE

Based on individual-based epidemiological investigation and clinical indicators, we developed logical algorithmic approaches for narrowing the scope of time and location of HIV acquisition, and characterizing the ongoing and local HIV acquisition in eastern China.

METHODS

We recruited newly diagnosed sexually transmitted HIV individuals in Zhejiang province between January 2017 and December 2019. We describe and compare the percentage of HIV acquisition within one year of HIV diagnosis, and HIV acquisition within Zhejiang province among participants within different sociodemographic and transmission route categories.

RESULTS

We enrolled 7775 participants in total. Among them, 84.8% (6594) were males and 15.2% (1181) were females. Over half of the participants (52.4%, 4063) have been living in Zhejiang province ever since, and 47.6% (3683) of them moved in from other provinces. Through the logical algorithmic approaches, among participants with an inferred time or location of HIV acquisition, 20.1% (1503/7482, 95%CI: 19.2%~21.0%) were infected with HIV within one year prior to HIV diagnosis, and 76.8% (5074/6603, 95%CI: 75.3%~78.4%) were infected with HIV in Zhejiang province. Among participants who moved in from other provinces to Zhejiang, 54.7% (1600/2927) were inferred to be infected with HIV in Zhejiang province. Compared with the corresponding group, participants who were males, had a negative HIV test history, and were infected through homosexual behavior have a higher proportion of infected HIV within one year of HIV diagnosis and within Zhejiang province. Homosexual transmission accounted for 73.4% of study participants who were inferred to be infected with HIV within one year prior to HIV diagnoses in Zhejiang province.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study found differences in the time and location of HIV infection between different mobility status and transmission routes subgroups. The practice of identifying recent and local HIV infections demonstrates the importance of coordinating more efforts on epidemiological surveillance, especially in areas with higher degree of population mobility. To detect the hotspot of upsurge HIV infection and have a comprehensive understanding of the HIV epidemic in a certain area.
A Conceptual Framework of Social Media Listening for Public Health Behaviour (Preprint)
Authors: Tsao Shu-Feng , Chen Helen , Meyer Samantha , Butt Zahid A
Published: September 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

During the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and infodemic, existing communication and behavioural models or frameworks have been applied to address health misinformation online and offline. However, there is no theory or framework especially designed to investigate how online information on social media influences people’s behaviour. With more and more social listening and infodemiological studies published over the course of COVID-19 pandemic, we propose a novel conceptual framework that can be used to investigate social media listening and people’s behavioural intentions behind the discourse.
Green Technology On The Virgin Coconut Oil Production Using Enzyme From Pineapple Waste
Authors: Harimurti Sabtanti , Nadhifa Naurah , Febrianti Fera Rizki , Pramana Facetha Intan , Wahita Sevina Riska , Sukamdi Dyani Primasari , Krisridwany Annisa , Widada Hari , Amid Azura
Published: September 2022

Virgin coconut oil (VCO) is widely used for the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. The high lauric acid content is very beneficial in the pharmaceutical field, such as for antiviral and antibiotic. Also, this VCO is very useful for cosmetic formulation. VCO production can be done by several methods, which are chemical, physical, and enzymatic methods. By the increase of VCO demand at the national and international levels, this study proceeded with the production of VCO using an enzymatic way that was efficiently conducted and environmentally friendly. The purpose of this research is to study the enzymatic process of VCO production by using pineapple waste, including pineapple crowns, pineapple fruit skins, pineapple leaves, and pineapple trunks. The pineapple waste used contains the enzyme bromelain to break down protein emulator in coconut milk cream. From the number of experiments with variations in substrate volume and temperature, the optimal VCO formation was obtained at 50oC with the ratio between the substrate and enzyme material was 9 to 1. The quality of VCO was evaluated as water content, free fatty acid concentration, and saponification numbers. Based on the evaluation results, the quality of VCO produced was similar to the standard of APCC, SNI, and Codex.