bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Robotic Pill for Biomarker and Fluid Sampling in the Gastrointestinal Tract
Authors: Soto Fernando , Purcell Emma , Ozen Mehmet Ozgun , Sinawag Prima Dewi , Wang Jie , Akin Demir , Demirci Utkan
Published: February 2022

Developing on-site biomarker enrichment platforms could help to improve
the diagnosis of gastrointestinal (GI) tract diseases at early stages.
 Medical procedures, such as colonoscopies and imaging techniques, are
used to diagnose disease, but are not easily accessible for repeat
measurements. In the other hand, liquid biopsies, e.g., blood,
urine, or fecal samples, have become important sampling strategies to
identify health concerns.  Herein, a robotic pill is designed for
collecting relevant biomarkers from the GI over prolonged sampling
periods. The robotic pill comprises a magnetic core for locomotion, a
delayed gate mechanism that controls sampling location based on changes
in its environment, and an enrichment module that traps biomarkers in an
absorbent matrix while enabling biofluid to pass through the chamber.
The robotic pill was assessed to sample microparticles, proteins, and
bacteria from solution. Moreover, the robotic pill was capable of
directed locomotion in complex environments and docking in a targeted
region against fluid flow. Utilization of an untethered robotic sampling
system could provide a tool to investigate aspects of disease initiation
and progression for early diagnosis and therapy monitoring.
Application of self-made rubber drainage strip in the operation of giant lipoma
Authors: Shao Ping , Chen Qing
Published: February 2022

Lipoma is a common benign soft tissue tumor. we report a 33-year-old
patient with a giant lipoma in the left scapular region. We placed a
self-made rubber drainage strip during the operation to control exudate,
which is effective in improving incision effusion and worthy of clinical
promotion.
Post COVID-19 vaccination cutaneous vasculitis: A case series and literature review
Authors: hadizadeh Alireza , vahidnezhad hassan , Ghanadan Alireza , saffarian zahra
Published: February 2022

Ever since the first COVID-19 vaccines got emergency use authorization,
side-effects and complications pertaining to vaccines were reported.
vasculitis is among the very uncommon complications of both COVID-19
disease and COVID-19 vaccines. Cutaneous vasculitis manifests usually as
palpable purpura, infiltrated erythema, and panniculitis. During our
practice in dermatology office ewe encountered 3 cases who developed
symptoms only after they had received vaccine jabs (2 cases received
Sinopharm vaccine and one got AstraZeneca), in accordance with their
symptoms we obtained skin biopsies and their diagnosis was confirmed.
All patients were treated with topical corticosteroids and subsequently
showed progress.
The paradox of access: The 21st century museum confronted by its security
Authors: Gallardo-Frías Laura , Mairesse François
Published: February 2022

Access is a key element for an architectural work. In museums, access takes
on special significance due to the connection between two very different
worlds, and it is therefore associated with an ?access ritual?, in which
three parts can be considered for study: preliminary, liminal, and
postliminary. Recently, the enforcement of security elements has been
implemented differently and in distinct parts of the entrance, which, in
many cases, breaks the flow of passage. To analyse this situation, we have
examined the seven most visited museums in the world and two emblematic
cases in France, where the ?ritual of passage? is contrasted with security
elements, in order to reflect on how to link security elements to museum
access.
The city as a playground: Skate parks, inclusion and new territory
Authors: Obradovic Milorad , Milenkovic Vladimir
Published: February 2022

There are two central topics in this study: the first topic relates to the
physical space created by skateboarding, while the other relates to social
capital derived from skateboard culture. The paper analyzes the case studies
of three skate parks, in which the theme of social inclusion is the
theoretical framework. Looking through the history of skateboarding and
integration of skate parks as a part of the urban environment, the theme is
concerned with bringing the openness that is part of the design of our public
spaces to skateboarding culture, and in general, to the feeling of belonging
as an essential part of building social capital. In the manner of shared
space, public space has started to be used as a communication platform
between community members looking for expression of their needs and desires.
The benefits of the skateboarding settings have rarely been the subject of
empirical research, so these case studies will deepen our knowledge on why
social bonds connected to this sport make such a significant contribution in
city landscapes. Individuality and its political manifestation have a
structural role in this paper: from the appearance of the architectural
figuration to the idea about a movement and a settlement, which for
architecture, can be seen in the form of new territories.
Involvement of Sensory Neurone-TRPV4 in Acute and Chronic Itch Behaviours
Authors: Zhang Qiaojuan , Dias Fabiana , Fang Quan , Henry Gwendolyn , Wang Zilong , Suttle Abbie , Chen Yong
Published: February 2022

Abstract is missing (Short communication)
Dermatology Life Quality Index as a Prognostic Tool for Predicting Need for Healthcare in Patients with Eczema: A Pilot Study
Authors: Jamil Wasim , Von Kobyletzki Laura , Berg Mats , Lindberg Magnus
Published: February 2022

Abstract is missing (Short Communication)
Estrategias asociativas para las organizaciones solidarias en el marco del posconflicto en el Tolima
Authors: Ávila Suárez Karen Dahianna , GarcÍa Solano Sandra Lorena
Published: February 2022

El proceso de paz que se ha llevado en Colombia ha impulsado que las víctimas o victimarios del conflicto armado vean la constitución de las organizaciones solidarias como una alternativa de vida. Ya que de esta manera se genera una activa participación en el sector empresarial y en el mercado laboral, donde se logra obtener beneficios comunes como: mejorar la calidad de vida de los asociados, la reducción de las brechas de la desigualdad y pobreza causadas por el conflicto y la contribución en la construcción de territorios de paz. Por consiguiente, nace la importancia de diseñar estrategias asociativas que fortalezcan a las organizaciones solidarias que involucran a personas pertenecientes en el conflicto armado para generar un desarrollo sostenible, perdurable y competitivo en el mercado.

Lo que conlleva a plantear los siguientes objetivos específicos: (i) Realizar un diagnóstico los procesos de asociatividad de las organizaciones solidarias en el marco del posconflicto, (ii) Identificar las principales problemáticas asociativas de las organizaciones, y (iii) Elaborar estrategias de asociatividad para impulsar el desarrollo comercial de sus procesos productivos. Por tanto, la metodología de esta investigación es de tipo descriptivo - propositiva, ya que caracterizan los procesos internos que se llevan a cabo en las organizaciones solidarias y se proponen diversas estrategias asociativas para impulsar desarrollo comercial y aumentar su competitividad empresarial.
Fiber type composition of the hip abductor muscles
Authors: Flack Natasha A. M. S. , Woodley Stephanie J. , Nicholson Helen D.
Published: February 2022

Objectives: The hip abductor muscles; gluteus medius, gluteus minimus and tensor fasciae latae, play an important role in pelvic stabilization. Morphological changes occur in these muscles as a consequence of chronic musculoskeletal conditions (e.g. osteoarthritis), aging, and following hip joint replacement. Functional studies show unique activation profiles of the different compartments of gluteus medius and gluteus minimus; however, little is known of the fiber type composition of these muscles, which is an important consideration for understanding their functional and metabolic capabilities. Methods: Eight transverse muscle samples from each compartment of gluteus medius and gluteus minimus, and two samples from tensor fasciae latae were harvested from 11 cadavers, and processed for immunohistochemistry. Fast-twitch muscle fibers were stained with the MY-32 antibody to estimate the proportion of type II fibers comprising the muscles. Results: Individual muscle fiber composition profiles demonstrated that gluteus medius and gluteus minimus were similar in composition, supporting a predominantly postural function. Tensor fasciae latae had a higher proportion of type II fibers, suggesting a more phasic functional role. No differences were observed between compartments for gluteus medius, but the anterior compartment of gluteus minimus had a significantly higher proportion of type II fibers than the posterior. Conclusion: This study provides anatomical data for the fiber type composition profiles of the hip abductor muscles, contributing to the understanding of their metabolic and contractile capabilities. These data may be valuable when considering changes that occur at the cellular level in the hip abductor muscles under pathological conditions and with aging.
Biogas Production in Laboratory Scale from Different Organic Wastes Using Primary Sludge as Co-substrate
Authors: Prifti Holta , Floqi Tania
Published: February 2022

Biogas production technology not only constitutes a biofuel source, but also can be a mitigation measure for the various environmental pollutants. This technology, i.e., anaerobic digestion is a biological process that takes place naturally when microorganisms break down organic matter in the absence of oxygen. In an enclosed chamber, controlled anaerobic digestion of organic matter produces biogas which is predominantly methane. The produced methane then can be directly used; or after certain conditioning, can be used in onsite power generation, heating homes or as vehicular fuel. Besides, organic waste is increasingly becoming a major problem in every society imposing serious economic and environmental concerns. For this reason, many contemporary researches are emphasizing in finding sustainable solutions to recycle and produce energy from such waste. In this context, this paper aims to investigate the potential of cow and chicken manure, and olive waste for biogas production obtained through the anaerobic digestion process.

The substrates were placed in laboratory scale digesters without pretreatment. The retention time in the digesters was 30 days. The samples of the tested substrates were collected and analyzed for pH, total solids, ash, and the content of volatile solids (VS). Under mesophilic conditions, all combinations of cow and chicken manure, and olive waste with sludge by an anaerobic pond of a trickling filter treatment plant, as co-substrate, significantly improved biogas, and methane yields. The experimental results showed that chicken manure (CM) is the most suitable for anaerobic digestion (AD).

The next step of the study will consist in implementing a large scale of biogas production plants and we will estimate the national potential of green energy produced by this technology and map the areas that need digesters.
An MICP Algorithm for 3D Map Reconstruction Based on 3D Cloud Information of Landmarks
Authors: Ngo Ba-Viet , Nguyen Thanh-Hai , Vo Duc-Dung
Published: February 2022

This paper aims to reconstruct 3D map based on environmental 3D cloud information of landmarks. A Modified Iterative Closest Point (MICP) algorithm is proposed to apply for merging point clouds through a transformation matrix with values updated using the robot’s position. In particular, reconstruction of 3D map is performed based on the location information of landmarks in an indoor environment. In addition, the transformation matrix obtained using the MICP algorithm will be up-dated again whenever the error among the point clouds is greater than one setup threshold. The result is that the environmental 3D map is reconstructed more accurately compared using the MICP. The experimental results showed that the effectiveness of the proposed method in improving the quality of reconstructing 3D cloud map.
Thermal-Hydraulic Performance Analysis by Means of Rectangular Winglet Vortex Generators in a Channel: An Experimental Study
Authors: Heriyani Oktarina , Djaeni Mohamad , Syaiful .
Published: February 2022

Vortex generators (VGs) are one of the effective passive models used to increase the heat transfer rate in heat exchangers. In this experiment, heat transfer from six cylinders heated to the airflow was improved by attaching rectangular winglet vortex generators (RWVGs) to a plate in a rectangular channel. The installation aimed to increase the value of the thermal-hydraulic performance evaluation criteria in the line. This experimental study was carried out by varying the fluid flow velocity from 0.4 m/s to 2 m/s with an interval of 0.2 m/s in the channel. Three pairs of VGs were arranged in both in-line and staggered configurations. The experimental results show that the thermal-hydraulic performance evaluation criteria for three pairs of vortex generators in the staggered configuration was 15.17% higher than the baseline, while the thermal-hydraulic performance of the in-line arrangement was 1.54% higher than the staggered one.
Natural Frequency Analysis of a Jeffcott Rotor Having Stepped Shaft
Authors: Alahmadi Ahmed A. , Alnefaie Khalid A. , Diken Hamza
Published: February 2022

The Rotating shafts are mechanical elements used to transmit power or motion. A shaft with a step or steps is widely used instead of a shaft with a fixed (non-variable) diameter when operating at high speeds. The aim of this research is to study the effect of the step amount and its location in the shaft on the natural frequencies of the Jeffcott rotor model. Analytical methods are used to find an approximate formulation to obtain the natural frequencies of the Jeffcott rotor model neglecting the shaft mass. Lagrange equations are used to develop dynamic equations assuming elastic shaft with steps carrying a disk. The finite element method by using ANSYS is used to validate and compare the results obtained in the analytical method. The results obtained analytically and numerically were compatible and in good agreement. In addition, some parameters such as the step amount and the stepped shaft length are changed to check its effects on the natural frequencies. the results showed that the natural frequencies increase with an increase in the amount and length of the stepped part, while they decrease the closer the disc position to the center.
Modelling and Simulation of 330 KV, 600 MW Shiroro Substation in the DIgSILENT Environment for Integration of Hybrid Solar PV – Hydro System to Improve Power Supply in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) of Abuja from Shiroro, Nigeria
Authors: Uwaoma Onyinyechi A. , Emechebe Jonas N. , Uthman Muhammed , Oshiga Omotayo , Olisa Samuel
Published: February 2022

This research paper focuses on modelling and simulation of 330 KV, 600 MW Shiroro Substation in the DIgSILENT Environment for the integration of Hybrid Solar PV – Hydro System to improve power supply in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) of Abuja, Nigeria. A hybrid energy system is a system that combines multiple types of energy generations to satisfy the demand of the users effectively and efficiently. The Solar Photovoltaic (PV)/Hydro hybrid system consists of electrical energy generated from solar PV and hydro energy. Effect of environmental issues, reduction of fossil fuels in addition to its high cost have actively encouraged interest in great integration of renewable energy sources in power systems. This work capitalized on the possibilities of harnessing commercial solar energy and feeding it to the National grid through a nearby 330 KV substation at Shiroro Dam. The simulation is carried out in DIgSILENT (Power factory) environment. The Shiroro 16 kV, 330 kV, 600 MW Transmission Lines are modelled, and results of simulations of the five bus bars (Jebba, Shiroro, Gwagwalada, Katampe and Kaduna) voltages directly connected to Shiroro Network are: 331.8kV, 331.7 kV, 329.3 kV, 325.6 kV and 332.2 kV, respectively. All the values are within the Operational and Statutory Limits of the National Grid Code.
Detection of EEG-Based Eye-Blinks Using A Thresholding Algorithm
Authors: Tran Dang-Khoa , Nguyen Thanh-Hai , Nguyen Thanh-Nghia
Published: February 2022

In the electroencephalography (EEG) study, eye blinks are a commonly known type of ocular artifact that appears most frequently in any EEG measurement. The artifact can be seen as spiking electrical potentials in which their time-frequency properties are varied across individuals. Their presence can negatively impact various medical or scientific research or be helpful when applying to brain-computer interface applications. Hence, detecting eye-blink signals is beneficial for determining the correlation between the human brain and eye movement in this paper. The paper presents a simple, fast, and automated eye-blink detection algorithm that did not require user training before algorithm execution. EEG signals were smoothed and filtered before eye-blink detection. We conducted experiments with ten volunteers and collected three different eye-blink datasets over three trials using Emotiv EPOC+ headset. The proposed method performed consistently and successfully detected spiking activities of eye blinks with a mean accuracy of over 96%.
Restructuring of Backrest and Drainage Provision System in the Campus Area
Authors: Purwadi Ofik T. , Afriani L. , Zakaria A.
Published: February 2022

The University of Lampung area, especially in the Faculty of ISIP, FEB, and FT is a densely packed student area. This area has undergone many land-use changes. The condition of the land as a green open space has changed its function to become an area for lecture buildings and offices. One of the impacts is an increase in direct surface runoff and a decrease in the quantity of water that seeps into the ground, this condition causes flooding during the rainy season. To facilitate the rehabilitation of the drainage system in the University of Lampung area, it is necessary to redesign the drainage system of the University of Lampung area. Rehabilitation of drainage channels is carried out to resolve flood inundation points that occur during the rainy season. Rainwater that is channeled through drainage channels is directed to natural or artificial reservoirs. The collected rainwater is used to recharge groundwater through natural infiltration methods. The analysis carried out in this study includes hydrological analysis and analysis of the existing drainage sections and the solutions are given. The hydrological analysis aims to calculate the planned discharge using the rational method. Modeling with the application used in this study aims to determine the capacity of the water level in the existing channel. Based on the results of the analysis, in the area, the Faculty of Engineering experienced runoff and inundation. This situation requires rehabilitation of the Lampung University area drainage system.
Hydraulic Modelling of Different Working Regimes in Water Pipeline. Case Study: Mihaliq – Water Treatment Plant “SHKABAJ”
Authors: Vataj Gjelosh , Berisha Xhevat , Sejfijaj Zenel
Published: February 2022

In the flow through the pipes, we have unstable movements when, due to the closing or opening of the valve or other hydraulic equipment, the speed of movement of the liquid changes. The change in velocity causes inertial forces to arise in the liquid which cause pressure changes in the flow. The phenomenon characterized by these pressure changes is called hydraulic water hammer.

The hydraulic shock can be called the increase or decrease of the flow pressure in the pipe caused by the change in time (in any section) of the flow velocity.

The objective of this paper is to provide information and resources to assist water company management and their staff in identifying and implementing opportunities to reduce energy use. Case study is Pumping Station in Milloshevo managed by Regional Water Company “PRISHTINA”.
Filed Comparative Investigation of Loading Test on Micro-Piles Installed with Different Technique – (Case Study)
Authors: Elsiragy M. N.
Published: February 2022

Foundation can be subjected to additional load and constructed in soft soils; therefore, the settlement or foundation tilting is achieved. The most beneficial method to control the settlement and foundation tilting are to be used Micro-piles which have been considered is an effective and easy to reinforce the existing foundation, it also successfully adopted in many ground improvement techniques to safeguard structure from collapse. The paper aims to study the behavior of full-scale micro piles under compression in the filed with length of 20 m as end bearing with diameter of 88.9 mm. This study is focused on the observing the behavior of three micro-piles installed with different technique. The first is normal one without injection as pipe piles MP1, the second is pipe pile with grouted bulb MP2 only under the toe of micro-piles and inside grouting. The last one or third micro-pile MP3 is pipe pile with fully injection for both toe and around the pile length. Three loading tests in the field are carried out to show the load settlement response under axial compression and horizontal load to get the ultimate micro-pile capacity. The results showed that the fully injected micro-piles with grouting have a higher ultimate load capacity and minor settlement compared with other two cases. The ultimate load capacities for fully grouted micro-piles and only with grouted bulb are found to be 13 and 8 times of ultimate capacity of pipe micro-piles without grouted bulb at the toe respectively. Also, it is found that the ultimate horizontal load capacity of Mp3 is found to be 27 ton while it is recorded as 3 and 4 ton for MP1 and MP3 respectively at horizontal displacement of 0.2 micro-pile diameter.
Recognition of Automated Hand-written Digits on Document Images Making Use of Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Raja Hiral , Gupta Aarti , Miri Rohit
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study is to create an automated framework that can recognize similar handwritten digit strings. For starting the experiment, the digits were separated into different numbers. The process of defining handwritten digit strings is then concluded by recognizing each digit recognition module's segmented digit. This research utilizes various machine learning techniques to produce a strong performance on the digit string recognition challenge, including SVM, ANN, and CNN architectures. These approaches use SVM, ANN, and CNN models of HOG feature vectors to train images of digit strings. Deep learning methods organize the pictures by moving a fixed-size monitor over them while categorizing each sub-image as a digit pass or fail. Following complete segmentation, complete recognition of handwritten digits is accomplished. To assess the methods' results, data must be used for machine learning training. Following that, the digit data is evaluated using the desired machine learning methodology. The Experiment findings indicate that SVM and ANN also have disadvantages in precision and efficiency in text picture recognition. Thus, the other process, CNN, performs better and is more accurate. This paper focuses on developing an effective system for automatically recognizing handwritten digits. This research would examine the adaptation of emerging machine learning and deep learning approaches to various datasets, like SVM, ANN, and CNN. The test results undeniably demonstrate that the CNN approach is significantly more effective than the ANN and SVM approaches, ranking 71% higher. The suggested architecture is composed of three major components: image pre-processing, attribute extraction, and classification. The purpose of this study is to enhance the precision of handwritten digit recognition significantly. As will be demonstrated, pre-processing and function extraction are significant elements of this study to obtain maximum consistency.
A Survey of Factors on Design for Manufacture of Chemical Fertilizer Granulating Machine
Authors: Ikimi J. A. , Odinikuku W. E. , Adeleke T. B.
Published: February 2022

The design for manufacturing of granulating machines to produce fertilizer granules in small scale using locally available materials is often challenging and this results in low fertilizer usage among Nigerian farmers when compared with the world’s average usage. A lot of factors are associated with chemical fertilizer granulating machine, and it is necessary to examine and understand the interplay among these factors. This study weighs up a number of variables that relates with the design and usage of chemical fertilizer granulating machine and offers increased insight and awareness about their insidiousness. The study employed a survey approach, using the Rensis Likert’s attitudinal scale, to generate respondents’ data matrix that was analyzed with Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and which was facilitated by statistiXL software. Kendall’s Coefficient of Concordance (KCC) was used to rank the thirty two (32) identified variables and PCA was thereafter deployed to ascertain the degree of interplay among the variables. Results obtained by KCC suggested that judges ranking were consistent as there was sufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis Also, PCA was indicating parsimony in data reduction from 32 variables to mere five. The result established five principal factors creatively labeled Miscellany Components, Technical Considerations, Granulation Efficiency, Agricultural National policy and Biophysical Elements. The most influential variable by its factor loading of 0.894 is Agricultural National policy. A gamut of variables which seem to affect chemical fertilizer granulating machine has been examined. This has helped in discerning similarities in dissimilarities.
The Application of Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) to Determine the Employee Additional Salary
Authors: Sadikin Mujiono , Darminto . , Purwanto S. K.
Published: February 2022

The increasing of employee salary is one of the mechanisms to maintain the good employee performance. The decision of periodic additional salary for a certain employee is the difficult task even in some cases this is a sensitive issue. To minimize such as those problems, the fair additional salary computation performed by system can be chosen as the way out. The study presents the application of fuzzy inference system (FIS) to determine the additional salary computation. This study uses the real dataset collected from a local drinking water distribution company. The experiment results confirm that the method is feasible to be applied for this purpose. This feasibility conclusion is supported by the little deviation between manual computation results compared to FIS. For almost all cases, the FIS provides more detail results.
Unified Vector Multiplication Approach for Calculating Convolution and Correlation
Authors: Okoloko Innocent E.
Published: February 2022

This paper is a theoretical analysis of discrete time convolution and correlation and to introduce a unified vector multiplication approach for calculating discrete convolution and correlation, both of which are important concepts in the design and analysis of signals and systems and are usually encountered in the first course in signals and systems analysis. There are software tools for calculating them, however, it is important to learn now to compute them by hand. Several methods have been proposed to compute them by hand, most of which can be very involving. However, a closer look at the concepts reveal that the convolution and correlation sums are actually vector multiplication with diagonalwise addition and for finite sequences, can be computed by hand the same way. The method is also extended to N-point circular convolution. The method also makes it clearer to see the similarities and differences between convolution and correlation.
Medical Imaging using Deep Learning Models
Authors: Singh Chetanpal
Published: February 2022

Deep learning has played a potential role in quality healthcare with fast automated and proper medical image analysis. In clinical applications, medical imaging is one of the most important parameters as with the help of this; experts can detect, monitor, and diagnose any kind of problems that are there in the patient's body. However, there are two things that one needs to understand; that is, the implementation of Artificial Neural Networks and Convolutional Neural Networks as well as deep learning to know about medical image analysis. It is necessary to state here that the deep learning approach is gaining attention in the medical imaging field in evaluating the presence or absence of disease in a patient. Mammography images, digital histopathology images, computerized tomography, etc. are some of the areas on which DL implementation focuses. One upon going through the paper will get to know the recent development that has occurred in this field and come up with a critical review on this aspect. The paper has demonstrated in detail modern deep learning models that are implemented in medical image analysis. There is no doubt about the promising future of the deep learning models and according to experts; the implementation of deep learning techniques has outperformed medical experts in numerous tasks. However, deep learning also has some drawbacks and challenges that are required to be addressed like limited datasets and many more. To mitigate such kinds of challenges, researchers are working on this aspect so that they can enhance healthcare by deploying AI.
Comparison of Four MANOVA Test Statistic for Pig Production in Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Aniesedo J. M. , Okoli C. N.
Published: February 2022

This study used the multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) test statistic to examine the impact of three categories feed used in the production of pig in Delta State. The multivariate test statistic considered are the Pillai – Bartlett trace, Wilks’ Test Statistic, Roy’s Largest Root Test Statistic, and the Lawley- Hotelling (LH) Statistic. The objectives include to: evaluate the robustness of the four Multivariate Analysis of Variance test statistics to ensure that the best is employed in multivariate analysis to guarantee most useful result in pig production; determine the relatively efficient test statistic for pig production; and determine the test statistic that is consistent across the sample sizes. Secondary source of data collection was used to obtain the data required for the analysis. The outcome of the study showed that the obtained data was multivariate normally distributed based on the result of the asymmetry-based multivariate normality test and the multivariate normality test based on the kurtosis test which makes the data suitable parametric multivariate method such as multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The results show that the Wilks and Roy tests found a significant difference for the intercept. While the Pillai and LH tests could not find any significance. The Roy test was also found to be significant for feed one, feed two, and feed three. The Wilks and Roy tests also turned out to be significant differences for the intercept. All test measures showed significance for feed one. The Wilks and Roy tests also showed a significant difference for feed two, while all test measures found a significance for feed one. Another result showed that none of the tests found significance for the interaction between feed one and two, while the Roy test found significance for the interaction between feed one and three, feed two and three and feed one, two and three. The performance of the test for evaluating the performance of feeds for pig production with/without considering interactions was found to be in the following order of magnitude: Roy, Wilks and Pilla = LH. This result implies that the Roy method, with or without consideration of the interaction, has a better performance of the test than the other methods considered in the study.
Potential Energy Production from Biogas Economically and Environmental Profitable. Case Study: Establishing a Batch Digester in “Fogi” Farm
Authors: Prifti Holta , Floqi Tania , Mico Mirel
Published: February 2022

Recently the use of biomass for biogas production is very limited in Albania. According to data acquistion from the study, the highest share in the entire structure of urban solid waste is that of organic waste 41-61.2%.

A large part of these waste are bio digestible and can used for production or utilized as potential substrate in anaerobic digestion to produce biogas, a renewable source of energy and environment friendly too.

Live stocks waste and especially cow manure farms are concerned in this study because there are a high number 11813 of them are spread all over Albania. In addition, the amount of cow manure exceeds 37,693.92 ton/year.

In this case study is presented a cow farm located near Tirana, capital city of Albania with 200 cow heads which in the future will become 700 cow heads. The total amount of cow manure produced in this farm is 1825 ton/year, a considerable quantity of manure available for biogas production.

This paper presents the type of digester, calculation of the biogas production yield, the optained energy, the pay back period of the initial investment and the net present value of this farm batcher digestor.
LIA: A Mathbot Assistant for First-grade Students
Authors: Moussiades Lefteris , Zografos George
Published: February 2022

Nowadays, chatbots are helpful in many areas, including education. This article presents a chatbot that aims to help first-grade students get acquainted with arithmetic operations. The architecture we propose has a general character, scalability and can build other closed-domain chatbots. The results of an initial pilot study are satisfactory and encourage us to continue the research.
The Study of Information Support System for Decision Making based on Kansei Engineering
Authors: Hadiana A. , Wahid A. A. , Sofyan A. , Hirawan D. , Patalia K. , Faruqi M. Z.
Published: February 2022

Kansei Engineering has been adopted as a method to analyze the relationship between human emotional factors and the critical elements design of system in developing a new product of software based on consumers’ emotion. However, the general analysis in kansei engineering has been using statistical analysis such as principal component analysis, factor analysis etc. in evaluating the data average gathered from all respondents, and then giving a recommendation the suitable product. This paper reports an attempt to discover the relationship between interface design of product and consumers’ emotion using Multiple Attribute Decision Making (MADM) method rather than using the convensional of statistical method. This research also recommends a global system design of kansei engineering system to support consumers’ decision in choosing the most desired product based on their real emotional feeling.
Prediction of Steering Angle for Autonomous Vehicles Using Pre-Trained Neural Network
Authors: Sokipriala Jonah
Published: February 2022

Autonomous driving is one promising research area that would not only revolutionize the transportation industry but would as well save thousands of lives. accurate correct Steering angle prediction plays a crucial role in the development of the autonomous vehicle .This research attempts to design a model that would be able to clone a drivers behavior using transfer learning from pretrained VGG16, the results showed that the model was able to use less training parameters and achieved a low mean squared error(MSE) of less than 2% without overfitting to the training set hence was able to drive on new road it was not trained on.
A Cooks Distance Approach to Control the Haz and Arc Length of Tig Mild Steel Weld
Authors: Uwoghiren F. O. , Ozigagun A.
Published: February 2022

The heat affected zone and arc length parameters have a vital role to play in determining the integrity of a weld structure. The cooks distance is a statistical diagnostic employed in this study to select the best optimum combination of welding process parameters. Mild steel plate was the choice material used to produce the weld specimen, which was welded with the Tungsten inert gas method. The RSM model was used to develop an optimal solution that can explain the behavior of the welded joint with respect to the heat affected zone and arc length, different diagnostic techniques were employed which includes the normal probability plot and cooks distance plot. The model developed has sufficient merit as the results obtained shows that the cooks distance values is within the range of 0 and 1 indicating the absence of outlier in the data making the optimal solution highly acceptable.
Comparison of the Thermal and Electrical Conductivities of Pretreated Kenaf–Polyester Composites
Authors: Obianuko P. U. N. , Obianuko J. C. , Onuegbu T. U.
Published: February 2022

Conductivity of a material is an important physical property that determines its suitability or otherwise in all engineering designs and construction. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of two pretreatment methods viz acetylation and permanganate on the thermal and electrical conductivities of pretreated kenaf bast fibres applied in polyester resin. Fully grown kenaf (hibiscus cannabalis) were manually retted from the stalk, washed, and cut into short fibre lengths of about 10 cm. One portion of the fibres was pretreated with 5%pbw NaOH solution before immersing it in glacial acetic acid and then in acetic anhydride. The second was also pretreated with5%pbw of NaOH before being pretreated with 0.125%of KMnO4. The third portion of fibres was untreated to serve as control. The ground fibre was incorporated into ortho unsaturated polyester rand cast with moulds of dumb-belland square shapes. The electrical conductivity of the composites was deduced by measuring the resistance of the composites using the high voltage insulation tester model 3122 and calculating from equations. The thermal conductivities were determined by analytical method. The results show that chemical pretreatments of fibres by acetylation and permanganate methods have no appreciable effect on the thermal conductivities of composites. Further findings show that the acetylated fibre composites have no effect on the electrical conductivities of the composites. The permanganate pretreated fibre composites however increased the electrical conductivities of the composites significantly.
Development of an STM32 Microprocessor System for Automatic Continuous Remote Temperature Control in an Intensive Flow of People
Authors: Bakiev Ilgiz
Published: February 2022

This article discusses the fundamental principles of non-contact temperature measurement, technical solutions that translate them into practice in order to automate temperature control and improve the current epidemiological situation in the world in connection with coronavirus infection, as well as a proposal for a new technical solution that is more affordable, which will increase coverage of the use of automatic systems for monitoring the body temperature of people in public places, and a description of the following steps for its implementation.
Study of Classification of Human Emotion Features from EEG Signals at Minimum Free Energy Operated Effortlessly
Authors: Yu Hong , Tomer Sean-Paul , Perla Marcus , Yu Yvett
Published: February 2022

With the rapid development of various EEG-based features, PC machine robots can apply their fast massive parallel electronic computing AI capability to BCI systems. However, the machines do not have the human-equivalent chemical macromolecular hormone signals to understand human emotions. Machines cannot test people who are home alone with their loneliness, depression, drowsiness, happiness or remark the real hints through human being communication. But a minimum free energy of EEG discrete wavelet transform can indicate human emotion features and human being trend action. In this paper, we focus on EEG discrete wavelet transform at minimum free energy compared to operating effortlessly in visualization algorithm. In addition, we discuss EEG-based brain activities with the discrete wavelet energy spectrum for clinic treatment.
Spectral Analysis of Electromagnetic Compatibility
Authors: Dakuri Venkata Raghavendra
Published: February 2022

The report's main aim was to transmit the frequency signals without any disturbances and compute the time and frequencies of energies. Conduct the data burst system with the help of an anechoic chamber to study the electromagnetic interference and utilise the spectrum analyser to identify the required frequency during the conduction of signal transmission and minimise the noise disturbances.
Smart Wheelchair with Voice Control for Physically Challenged People
Authors: Al Rakib Md Abdullah , Uddin Salah , Rahman Md. Moklesur , Chakraborty Shantanu , Abbas Fysol Ibna
Published: February 2022

A wheel chair is a mechanically operated device that allows the user to move about independently. This minimizes the user's personal effort and force required to move the wheelchair wheels. Furthermore, it allows visually or physically handicapped people to go from one location to another. Voice commands and button controls can be used to operate wheelchairs. In recent years, there has been a lot of interest in smart wheelchairs. These gadgets are very handy while traveling from one location to another. The devices can also be utilized in nursing homes where the elderly have difficulties moving about. For individuals who have lost their mobility, the gadgets are a godsend. Different types of smart wheelchairs have been created in the past, but new generations of wheelchairs are being developed and utilized that incorporate the use of artificial intelligence and therefore leave the user with a little to tamper with. The project also intends to develop a comparable wheel chair that has some intelligence and so assists the user in his or her mobility.
Controlling Factors of the Particle Size of Spherical Silica Synthesized by Wet and Dry Processes
Authors: Saiki Keiji , Ishikawa Toshihiro
Published: February 2022

We clarified the controlling factors of the particle size of the amorphous silica synthesized by wet and dry processes. In the wet process using methyl-trimethoxy-silane as a starting monomer, the obtained particle size can be easily controlled by changing the reaction time appropriately. However, to obtain larger particles, a relatively long time is needed. After the condensation reaction was conducted for 50h, the silica particles (D50: 3?m) were synthesized by calcination at 550oC in air. To synthesize larger silica particles, we used silica-seed particles (8?m) to obtain very large spherical silica particles (D50: 20?m). Thus, although the wet process needs a relatively long reaction time, it is very useful for synthesizing spherical silica particles with a wide range of particle size. In the dry process, we used methyl-trimethoxy-silane (MTMS), tetra-ethoxy-silane (TEOS), and octamethyl-cyclotetrasiloxane (OMCTSO) as the starting materials. In this process, the size of the silica particles was dominated by the molecular structure of the monomer, in particular, the number of silicon atoms contained in the monomer and the bulkiness of the substituent group. The largest silica particles were synthesized from OMCTSO, which contains the largest number of silicon atoms.
Improving the Response Performance of Anti-Surge Control Valve for Gas Compressors
Authors: Ogweda Haruna A. , Okhaifoh Joseph E.
Published: February 2022

Anti-surge control valves are used for the protection of gas compressors by opening to relief sudden pressures (surge) which could damage the compressor internals. It is of great importance that the response of the anti-surge valves to surge detection is swift and within a few seconds since a little delay could cause catastrophic damages to the compressor it is meant to protect. In this paper, a design modification was done on an existing anti-surge valve to improve its response time. The modified system was designed and implemented, installed, and commissioned on a mixed refrigerant compressor. The modified system was tested, and the response performance was recorded. Results obtained showed average percentage improvement of 86% to that of the initial system. Also, the response performance of the modified system was less than 3 seconds as compared to the initial set-up which averages 9 seconds. This is indeed a great improvement in comparison to the initial system.
Experimental Study of the Effect of Misalignment on Rolling Element Bearing
Authors: Albdery Mohsin H. , Szabo Istvan
Published: February 2022

Any single machine rotary component in the process could result in downtime costs. It is necessary to monitor the overall machine health while it is in use. Bearing failure is one of the primary causes of machine breakdown in industry at high and low speeds. A vibration signature evaluation has historically determined misalignments in shafting systems. These misalignments are also responsible for the bearing increase in temperature. The purpose of this work is to undertake a comparative study to obtain the reliability of the effect of the amount of misalignment on bearing by using thermography measurement. An experimental study was performed in this paper to indicate the existence of machine misalignment at an early stage by measuring the bearing temperature using a thermal imaging camera. The effects of load, velocity, and misalignment on the bearings and their temperature increase have been investigated. The test bench's rolling-element bearing is an NTN UCP213-208 pillow block bearing. It has been observed that by tracking the change of temperature in bearings could lead to misalignment detection and the effect of the amount of misalignment on it.
Electrical Power Generation System: Optimal Design for Medium-Load Industries with High-Rated Generators
Authors: Soeb Md. Janibul Alam , Iqbal Md. Shahid , Mojumder Md. Abu Naser , Al Mamun Muhammad Rashed , Atik A. S. M. Shahjalal , Jubayer Md. Fahad
Published: February 2022

The demand for electrical power is rapidly increasing due to the rise of industries in developing countries. Power generation stations are having troubles to strike a balance between demand and generation. In this situation, it is urged that appropriate remedial action be taken. Rising power demand can be met by designing an efficient electric power generation system which will also help lowering the generation cost. It is shown that while high rated electric power generators are connected in parallel the value of neutral current is rising and the cooling temperature is also increased. Here, the goal of this experimental work is to present a new model for designing an efficient power production system for average-load (ranging up to 8000 Amp, 440 V) industries to minimize the demand on centralized interconnected grid. A scheme is proposed with four generators (2500 kVA, 2000 kVA, 2000 kVA and 1250 KVA) in parallel and enough cooling arrangement is provided with minimal cost. The coolant temperature is maintained 61 °C to 61.5 °C and at that time diesel temperature is not more than 38.5 °C. The amount of neutral-current is also optimized (up to 8.5 Amp.) which was more than 12 Amp. At the morning and afternoon, the neutral current is almost constant, but it is bit fluctuating between 7.5 Amp to 8.2 Amp at mid-day. The final outcome shows, the suggested system is efficiently stable with the change of load and generates optimal electricity.