bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
QueerCrip fashion in the twenty-first century: Sky Cubacub and the QueerCrip Dress Reform Movement
Authors: Reddy-Best Kelly L. , Goodin Dana
Published: May 2019

Sky Cubacub, designer, artist and twenty-first century activist, based in Chicago, Illinois, creates garments and accessories for their fashion brand Rebirth Garments while critically considering gender, body size and ability, using the body and its expressions as a site of resistance and rebellion. This research is a case study of the life of Sky Cubacub and their work. We used the oral history method and triangulated information from the oral history with a material culture approach by analysing garments or apparel-related items produced by the designer; their self-produced zine/manifesto; and analysis of content on their social media accounts. Cubacub challenges ideas of visibility and ambivalence around the identities of queerness, fatness and disability. Through Cubacub’s life story, design philosophy and business practices, these shifting and, most importantly, stigmatized and invisible identities can be expressed on an individualized basis in a celebratory fashion, leading into the twenty-first century as a hyperaware designer who is arguably a model for others looking to do the same.
RANCANG BANGUN SIMULASI DISPLAY ARUS GANGGUAN RELAI PROTEKSI SEL 551 DI MASTER STATION PADA SCADA SURVALENT SEBAGAI UPAYA MEMPERBAIKI SAIDI
Authors: Azhar Dzulfikar Muhammad , Yuniarto Yuniarto
Published: May 2019

Dzulfikar Muhammad Azhar, Yuniarto, in this paper explian that disruption of the power distribution network of 20 KV greatly influence the level of reliability of electric power system. Localize interference by means of network down one by one causing a long recovery time. As a result, SAIDI relatively high value. Protection Relays 551 SEL has a feature that can save the nominal fault current value last received. The value stored in the relay memory. Value of fault current can be processed into the distance nuisance. Thus, the fault current value can help officers to track the fault location based on distance. SCADA as a system that monitors and controls the electrical power system equipment remotely in real time on duty to display the current value of disturbance located at 551 SEL protection relays to be sent to the Control Center or the Master Station. Keywords : SCADA, fault current, relay protection 551 SEL
POWER SUPPLY INVERTER DC-DC SEBAGAI SUPPLY AUDIO AMPLIFIER
Authors: Wardani Ilham Setiya , Manan Saiful
Published: May 2019

Ilham Setiya Wardani, Saiful Manan in this paper explain that Utilization of power electronics components in the process of conversion of electrical energy has been growing from year to year. for controlling power from one form to another is very important and the characteristics of the equipment of power electronics has allowed it. DC-DC converters can also be called a wave DC inverter capable of producing symmetrical widely used and applied in industry and everyday life.In the inverter power supply are made using half-bridge converter topology. Half-bridge converter topology has several advantages that are easy to create and output a lot easier in the controlling. The process of switching at the half bridge converter using mosfet IRFZ44N and executed using ICTL494.In the design of the tool, using the supply is 12 Volt DC that directly goes to IC TL494 and frequency output that is generated directly toward the driver mosfet with the type BC327 used to mesaklarkan mosfet by means of on / off alternately to supply the power transformer intiferit to raise the voltage to 26 volt AC that will be rectified by using fast diode recofery MUR1560 to rectify the AC into DC voltage with the output voltage of +/- 26 volts DC. Keywords: power supply, inverter, TL494ReferencesBarkhordarian, V. Power MOSFET Basics. International Rectifier: California. E-book :www.aosmd.com. Didownload pada april 2016. Pukul 21.15 WIB.Hermawan, H. Rancang Bangun Sistem Kendali High Frequency Induction Heating. Skripsi S1 Teknik Elektro. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia.Malvino . 1995. Prinsip-prinsip Elektronika. Jakarta : Erlangga.Maruitula, Edison. 2011. Rancang Bangun Flyaback Regulator Untuk Mencatu Sistem Pensaklaran IGBT pada Invereter. Skripsi S1 Teknik Elektro .Depok : Unversitas Indonesia.Muis, Saludin. 2013. Perancangan Teori Dan Praktis Power Supply Jenis Switch Mode. Yogyakarta : Graha Ilmu.Rasyid, Muhammad H. 1999. Elektronika Daya. Jakarta : PT Prenhallindo.
ALAT UKUR INDUKTANSI DIGITAL BERBASIS ATMEGA 32
Authors: Ramdany Hanna Fury Nur , Winarno Heru
Published: May 2019

Hanna Fury Nur Ramdany, Heru Winarno in this paper explain that inductors have an important role in the field of electronics. Many values of capacitors and inductors whose values are difficult to translate, namely when capacitors and inductors are of low value and the color of the print is less clear , also considering the human read factor  when an analog measuring instrument is used. From these problems, it is designed an inductance measuring instrument (L Meter) whose results can be directly displayed.The research method used in the manufacture of inductance meter measuring instruments is the literature method and laboratory tests using frequency variables generated or read by the oscillator circuit. The inductance measuring instrument designed in this researc is simple and meticulous measuring instrument that can be read and used by everyone. This digital inductance meter can be used to measure inductance - inductance with a level or a range of measurements between 20μH –100mH.The lower the inductor value measured, the higher the percentage error. So that the tools designed must be able to work well. The average error ratio of an inductance meter with a standard LCR meter is 6.5%. . Keywords: Measuring, Inductor, Microcontroller and LCD DisplayReferencesMimail,B. (2011) Dasar Teknik Elektro Rangkaian Listrik.Malang UB Press.Malvino, A.P. (1979). Prinsip-Prinsip Elektronik Edisi Kedua (terjemahan Hanapi Gunawan). Jakarta:Erlangga.Malvino, A.P. (1996). Prinsip-Prinsip Dasar Elektronika Edisi Ketiga (terjemahan Prof. M. Barmawi, Ph.D. , M.O. Tjia, Ph.D., Departemen Fisika, Institut Teknlogi Bandung). Jakarta: Erlangga.Bishop, O. (2004). Dasar-Dasar Elektronika (terjemahan Irzam Harmein S.T). Jakarta: Erlangga.Yuliana, E. (2006). Rancang Bangun Alat Induktansi dan Kapasitansi Meter. Semarang. Universitas Negeri Semarang.Amallia, F. (2009). Rancang Bangun Kapasitansi dan Induktansi Meter Menggunakan Mikrokontroler Atmega8 Dengan Tampilan LCD. Jakarta. Universitas Mercu Buana.Frank D, Petrezuella. (2001). Elektronika Industri. Yogyakarta: Andi
ALAT UKUR TDS (TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLID) AIR GARAM DENGAN RESISTIF SEBAGAI INDIKATOR
Authors: Dewa Aloisius Wisnu Lalita , Sasmoko Priyo
Published: May 2019

Aloisius Wisnu Lalita Dewa, Priyo Sasmoko  in this paper explain that, physical water quality can be identified in various ways, one of which is measuring the amount of solute called Total Dissolved Solid (TDS). This study aims to design and make a TDS solution by using two electrodes as sensors. These two electrodes flow alternating current and negative values alternately into water. Analog signal in the form of voltage is read by the microcontroller by converting it into a digital signal, then the microcontroller processes the data and displays the TDS value. Tests are carried out by measuring the same solution using TDS meters and salt water TDS. Testing starts from a solution of 175 ppm to 8500 ppm. Making solutions based on TDS meter factory production. The results of salt water TDS measurements showed that the measured tds values increased from 173 ppm to 8007 ppm. Error reading at 8500 ppm, this is because the reading distance of salt water TDS is only up to 8260 ppm. Keywords : TDS, conductivity, electroda, measurement device.ReferencesMalvino. 1995. Prinsip-prinsip Elektronkai. Jakarta : Erlangga.Rusmadi, Dedy. 2001. Mengenal Komponen Elektronika. Bandung : Pionir JayaSumariyah, Yulianto. T, Priyono J, 2006. Rancang Bangun Sistem Pengukur Konduktivitas Larutan Elektrolit Menggunakan Mikrokontoler AT89C51. Program Studi Fisika Fakultas MIPA Universitas Diponegoro. Semarang.Utomo, D. 2012. Alat pengukur resistansi konduktivitas. dan Total dissolved solids air dengan Teknik dorong-tarik. Program Studi Sistem Komputer. Fakultas Teknik Elektronika dan Komputer. Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana. Salatiga.Wiono.A,Rahmawati. E, 2014.  Perancangan Dan Pembuatan Alat Ukur Konduktivitas Larutan Berbasis Mikrokontroler. Program Studi Fisika Fakultas MIPA Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Surabaya
Mobilisasi Pasien Lanjut Usia dengan Peripheral Nerve Block pada Operasi Cemented Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty Akibat Fraktur Collum Femur: Sebuah Laporan Kasus
Authors: Tanumihardja Tommy Nugroho , Daniella Dian
Published: May 2019

Pendahuluan : Komplikasi dari fraktur tulang panggul seringkali berhubungan dengan mobilisasi, dimana semakin cepat mobilisasi postoperatif pasien, maka semakin rendah risiko komplikasi yang dialami pasien.Sekitar 50% fraktur tulang panggul adalah fraktur collum femur. Tujuan pembuatan laporan kasus ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan mengenai mobilisasi pada pasien lansia dengan fraktur collum femur.Penting untuk mengontrol rasa nyeri dan menggunakan teknik anestesi yang mendukung mobilisasi dini pasien postoperatif.Perlu diperhatikan pula masalah psikologis dari pasien, seperti ketakutan untuk jatuh postoperatif yang menjadi penghambat utama dalam kasus ini bagi pasien untuk berjalan independen dan masih perlu ditentukan waktu mobilisasi postoperatif yang terbaik bagi pasien.Kasus : Pasien laki-laki berumur 73 tahun datang dengan keluhan nyeri pada paha kiri (Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) 5) setelah terjatuh empat hari sebelumnya dari anak tangga setinggi ± 50 cm. Pasien terjatuh terduduk dan semenjak itu pasien tidak dapat berdiri.Sebelum terjatuh, pasien dapat berjalan mandiri, merawat dirinya sendiri dan tinggal bersama dengan anak perempuannya.Ringkasan : Mobilisasi dini pada pasien lansia dengan fraktur collum femur dihubungkan dengan penurunan risiko komplikasi dan mortalitas.Penting bagi seorang dokter untuk mengontrol rasa nyeri dan menggunakan teknik anestesi yang mendukung mobilisasi pasien postoperatif.Perlu diperhatikan pula masalah psikologis dari pasien, seperti ketakutan untuk jatuh postoperatif dan masih perlu ditentukan waktu mobilisasi postoperatif yang terbaik bagi pasien.
KARAKTERISTIK HIDROLOGI PADA DUA DAS KECIL DI WILAYAH UPT PSDA DI SURABAYA : ANALISIS MENGGUNAKAN INDICATORS OF HYDROLOGIC ALTERATION (IHA)
Authors: Indarto Indarto , Rohman Isfi roni , Andriyani Idah
Published: May 2019

This research proposes to evaluate whether there has been a change in hydrological regimes of the watershed. The research was conducted at the the administrative area of UPT PSDA Surabaya. Furthermore, Surabaya-Perning and Lamong-Simoanggrok watersheds were used as a sample for this study. The analysis was conducted using the Indicator of Hydrologic Alteration (IHA). The main input is the daily discharge data series from the two watersheds. The discharge data range from 1996 to 2015. Then, the time series data is divided into two periods, the pre-impact period (1996-2005) and the post-impact period (2006-2015). A total of 33 IHA parameters classified into 5 categories were used to evaluate the change. The results of the assessment are then used for RVA (Range of Variable approach) calculations. RVA calculations were used to discover changes occurring from the pre-impact period to the post-impact period. The data series from the two watersheds also analyzed using Environmental Flow Components (EFC) and Flow Duration Curves (FDC). The result of the research shows the difference in parameter value that indicating the hydrological change between the pre-impact period and the post-impact period. RVA analysis results show an increased flow in the Surabaya-Perning watershed from January to September and December. RVA analysis results also show an increased flow in the Lamong-Simoanggrok watershed from January to July and December. The results of the EFC analysis can provide information about flows that have the potential to cause floods and droughts. The Surabaya-Perning watershed has the potential to encounter a small flood with a value 254,7 m3/s which last for 9 days with a chance of occurring 0,5 times every 2 years.
HUBUNGAN STRES, PERILAKU MAKAN, DAN ASUPAN ZAT GIZI DENGAN STATUS GIZI PADA MAHASISWA TINGKAT AKHIR
Authors: Wijayanti Annisa , Margawati Ani , Wijayanti Hartanti Sandi
Published: May 2019

Latar Belakang: Mahasiswa tingkat akhir dapat mengalami stres disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, seperti mengerjakan tugas akhir, hubungan pertemanan yang tidak baik, memenuhi kewajiban orang tua, dan meningkatkan softskill agar mempermudah dalam mencari pekerjaan. Stres dapat mempengaruhi perilaku makan sehingga akhirnya mempengaruhi status gizi.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan stres, perilaku makan, dan asupan zat gizi dengan status gizi pada mahasiswa tingkat akhirMetode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan metode consecutive sampling. Jumlah subjek sebanyak 46 mahasiswa Fakultas Teknik yang sedang mengerjakan skripsi. Data stres diukur menggunakan kuesioner Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS), data perilaku makan diukur menggunakan kuesioner Adult Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (AEBQ), data asupan energi, karbohidrat, lemak, dan protein diukur menggunakan kuesioner FFQ semi kuantitatif, dan data aktivitas fisik subjek diukur menggunakan kuesioner International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Rank Spearman.Hasil: Ditemukan 15,2% subjek memiliki status gizi kurang dan 41,3% subjek memiliki status gizi lebih. Sebanyak 43,5% subjek mengalami stres, 54,3% mengalami perubahan perilaku makan,54,3% memiliki asupan energi kurang, 50% kekurangan asupan karobohidrat, 67,4% asupan proteinnya kurang, dan 43,5% memiliki aktivitas fisik kurang. Hubungan stres, perilaku emotional under eating, perilaku emotional over eating, dan aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi secara berturut-turut adalah (p= 0,214; 0,726; 0,100 dan 0,416). Sementara hubungan asupan energi, asupan karbohidrat, dan asupan protein dengan status gizi secara berurutan adalah (p= 0,008; 0,002 dan 0,003).Simpulan: Asupan energi, karbohidrat dan protein berhubungan dengan status gizi. Stres, perilaku makan dan asupan lemak tidak berhubungan signifikan dengan status gizi.
PERBEDAAN ASUPAN GIZI DAN KADAR HEMOGLOBIN PADA REMAJA PEREMPUAN OBESITAS DAN TIDAK OBESITAS
Authors: Nisa Ana Khoirun , Nissa Choirun , Probosari Enny
Published: May 2019

Latar belakang: Obesitas merupakan keadaan tubuh dimana terjadi kelebihan akumulasi lemak. Semakin tinggi lemak akan mengakibatkan inflamasi yang berisiko terjadinya anemia defisiensi besi. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui perbedaan asupan zat gizi dan kadar hemoglobin pada remaja perempuan obesitas dan tidak obesitas.  Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observational dengan desain cross sectional. Subjek penelitian adalah remaja 15-18 tahun remaja perempuan SMA Negeri 15 Semarang. Subjek terbagi atas kelompok obesitas (n = 30) dan kelompok tidak obesitas (n = 30). Kadar hemoglobin diuji dengan metode cyanmethemoglobin. Uji analisis statistik menggunakan uji Independent t-test dan Mann Whitney. Hasil: Kadar hemoglobin pada kelompok obesitas mempunyai nilai rerata lebih rendah (12,52 ± 1,34 g/dl) dibandingkan dengan kelompok tidak obesitas (12,62±1,48 g/dl). Asupan zat gizi (protein, besi, zinc, tembaga, vitamin A, vitamin C) pada kelompok obesitas mempunyai nilai rerata lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan kelompok tidak obesitas. Namun, tidak bermakna secara statistik (p>0,05).  Simpulan: Tidak ada perbedaan asupan zat gizi dan kadar hemoglobin yang signifikan pada kelompok obesitas dan tidak obesitas. Kadar hemoglobin pada kelompok obesitas dan tidak obesitas dalam batas normal.
PENGARUH SUPPLEMENTASI PROBIOTIK DAN SELENIUM TERHADAP RESPON IMUN NLR (NEUTROPHIL LYMPHOCYTE COUNT RATIO) , HAEMOGLOBIN DAN ALBUMIN PADA TIKUS WISTAR YANG DIINDUKSI MYCOBAKTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Widiastuti Yuliati , S.S Darmono , Sofro Muchlis Achsan Udji
Published: May 2019

Latar belakang : Penyakit    tuberkulosis  (TBC)  paru   merupakan masalah   kesehatan masyarakat global termasuk   Indonesia. Penyakit tuberkulosis paru pada umumnya terjadi malnutrisi akibat efek samping obat anti tuberculosis, yang menyebabkan gangguan saluran cerna dan respon imunitas. Probiotik dan Selenium diduga memiliki efek menguntungkan respon imunitas dan status gizi pada pasien terinfeksi tuberculosisTujuan : Untuk menganalisis pengaruh pemberian suplementasi probiotik dan selenium  terhadap NLR ( Neutrophill Ratio Lymphocyte ), Hemoglobin dan Albumin pada tikus wistar yang diinduksi Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Metode : Penelitian eksperimen dengan rancangan Randomized Post test Control Group Design. Dua puluh delapan tikus Wistar dibagi 4 kelompok, kelompok 1 : kelompok kontrol hanya diberikan OAT, kelompok 2 : probiotik + OAT, kelompok 3 : selenium + OAT serta kelompok 4 : probiotik dan selenium + OAT. Setelah diinduksi 14 hari, hewan diberikan perlakuan selama 28 hari. Analisis data menggunakan Anova, Post Hoc atau Kruskal Wallis, Mann Whitney pada tingkat kemaknaan p<0.05. Hasil : Terjadi penurunan kadar NLR, peningkatan kadar Hemoglobin dan Albumin  pada tikus kelompok 1 (p<0.05), kelompok 2 (p<0.05) serta kelompok 3 (p<0.05). Efektifitas pemberian probiotik dan selenium paling kuat terdapat pada NLR, Hemoglobin dan AlbuminSimpulan : Suplementasi probiotik dan selenium selama 28 hari mampu meningkatkan sistem imunitas ( NRL ), Hemoglobin dan Albumin  pada kelompok perlakuan lebih baik dibanding kelompok kontrol.
Increasing Quality of Anatomical Education by Introduction of Digital Imaging Into Documentation of Topographic Dissections
Authors: Slížová Dáša , Krs Otakar , Pospíšilová Blanka
Published: May 2019

Knowledge of topographic anatomy is essential prerequisite for any physician to be successful in professional career. That is why we pay special attention to topographic dissections completing course of normal human anatomy at our department. Dissection procedure is subjected to relatively rigid rules demanding removal of some superficial structures during preparation of deeper layers. Thus some important structures get lost for further learning and also for final evaluation of students knowledge and manual skills. Therefore we decided to introduce digital imaging into the recording of course of preparation, the topographic relationships and unique variations. Digital acquisition of pictures through still digital camera makes possible to bypass the wet photographic process and provides instant graphic inputs for further computer processing. The image files can be further edited, printed, archived on various media and then may be used for instructional, test, evaluative, and publication purposes. Moreover, own original pictorial material is feasible to be presented at anatomy lectures. Practical results of this new approach, besides higher attractiveness and motivation impact, allow us to conclude that systematic digital acquisition of dissection pictures combined with computer processing fairly increases quality of anatomical education.
W okowach etniczności? Funkcjonowanie wybranych partii etnoregionalnych w Serbii i Chorwacji
Authors: Mikucka-Wójtowicz Dominika
Published: May 2019

Na przestrzeni ostatnich dwóch dekad możemy obserwować wyraźny wzrost znaczenia regionalnych i etnicznych tożsamości, prowadzący do powstawania coraz większej liczby ugrupowań etnoregionalnych i regionalnych. Mimo to – podobnie jak w przypadku wielu innych, istotnych i aktualnych współcześnie zjawisk społecznych – zdania badaczy w kwestii przyczyn reetnicyzacji systemów partyjnych, funkcjonowania partii etnoregionalnych, ich typów czy relacji z demokracją pozostają podzielone. Celem artykułu jest przybliżenie toczącej się w tym zakresie dyskusji oraz zaprezentowanie na jej tle wstępnych wyników badań dotyczących funkcjonowania wybranych ugrupowań etnoregionalnych w Serbii i Chorwacji.
Zjawisko reelekcji prezydenta miasta w świetle wyników badań exit poll z wyborów samorządowych w Bielsku-Białej
Authors: Kubisz-Muła Łukasz
Published: May 2019

Celem artykułu jest określenie uwarunkowań reelekcji prezydenta miasta za pomocą badań sondażowych typu exit poll zrealizowanych w dniu elekcji samorządowych z roku 2006 (n=1769) i z roku 2014 (n=1160). Analizy wykazały istotne statystycznie związki między głosowaniem na inkumbenta a wiekiem i kategorią społeczno-ekonomiczną wyborców, deklarowanymi przez nich motywacjami głosowania w wyborach prezydenta miasta (szczególnie jeżeli chodzi o deklarację motywu dokonań) oraz poziomem wykazywanej przez głosujących niechęci wobec zmian. Badania nie ujawniły natomiast związków między głosowaniem za reelekcją a poziomem wiedzy politycznej.
Addressing Construct Intensity in Entrepreneurship: Log-Transformed Guttman Scaling with Need for Achievement as Exemplar
Authors: Conejo Francisco J. , Young Clifford E. , Wooliscroft Ben , Parthasarathy Madhavan
Published: May 2019

Unlike physical science, entrepreneurship lacks measurement units through which to quantify constructs properly. This study explores the viability of logarithmically transformed Guttman scaling (GS).Need for Achievement(nAch), a quintessential entrepreneurial feature, illustrates the technique’s application. A valid and reliable 10-item Guttman nAch scale is developed, its unidimensionality psychometrically confirmed. Compliant with measurement theory, the scale offers concatenatable units that quantify nAch intensity. GS is a viable complement to psychometric methods, a useful addition to entrepreneurship’s methodological repertoire. Researchers are encouraged to expand their view of entrepreneurial constructs. Also approaching them from an intensity perspective offers fertile ground for future inquiry.
Kavalactones from Kava (Piper methysticum) root extract as modulators of recombinant human glycine receptors
Authors: Hegazy Nada Hany , Breitinger Hans-Georg , Breitinger Ulrike
Published: May 2019

Roots of kava (Piper methysticum) plant are used in almost all Pacific Ocean cultures to prepare a drink with sedative, anesthetic and euphoric properties. One of the main active ingredients of the extract are kava lactones. Here, kava root CO2 extract and three kavalactones, DL-kavain, dihydrokavain and yangonin (isolated from whole extract by column chromatography) were tested for their inhibitory action on recombinant homomeric human α1 glycine receptors expressed in HEK293 cells. Kava CO2 root extract, as well as the individual components DL-kavain, dihydrokavain and yangonin inhibited glycine receptor activity in a dose-dependent manner. DL-kavain was the most potent inhibitor (IC50 = 0.077 ± 0.002 mm), followed by yangonin (IC50 = 0.31 ± 0.04 mm) and dihydrokavain (IC50 = 3.23 ± 0.10 mm) which were 4- and 40-fold less active than DL-kavain, respectively. Application of kava root extract did not reduce maximum currents, but increased EC50 of glycine. Simultaneous application of kava extract and strychnine showed additive inhibition, suggesting that binding of kavalactones and strychnine on the receptor is mutually exclusive. Overall, kavalactones exert a moderate inhibitory effect on the human α1 glycine receptor with DL-kavain being the most potent constituent.
Maternal abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness as a simple predictor for gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Budak Mehmet Sukru , Kahramanoglu Ilker , Vitale Salvatore Giovanni , Akgol Sedat , Dilek Mehmet Emin , Kartal Serhat , Caruso Salvatore , Kahveci Bekir , Obut Mehmet , Bademkiran Muhammed Hanifi , Cianci Antonio
Published: May 2019

Background

To date, only a limited number of studies have evaluated the importance of abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness (ASFT) on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) screening. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of ASFT measurement during routine obstetric ultrasound performed between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation in predicting cases with GDM.

Methods

This prospective comparative study was conducted on 50 cases with GDM and 50 cases without GDM in the GDM screening program at 24–28 gestational weeks between January 2018 and May 2018. The most accurate ASFT cut-off point values were determined for the prediction of cases with GDM by performing receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.

Results

The ASFT was higher in those with GDM compared to those without GDM (P < 0.05). For an ASFT cut-off point value of 18.1 mm for the prediction of cases with GDM, the sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values were 72.0%, 60.0%, 64.2% and 68.1%, respectively. The risk of GDM increased 3.86-fold in those with ASFT level >18.1 mm (P = 0.001).

Conclusion

The ASFT value measured by routine obstetric ultrasound performed at 24–28 weeks of gestation was found to be significantly higher in patients with GDM in comparison to those without GDM. However, further multi-centered and comprehensive prospective studies are required to better demonstrate this relationship.
General Theory of Law and Development: An Overview
Authors: Lee Yong-Shik
Published: May 2019

The 2019 Law and Development Review Special Issue features two articles that apply the general theory of law and development to explain the development process of Botswana and South Africa. This paper provides a condensed overview of the general theory for the convenience of readers who wish to grasp the essential elements of the theoretical frameworks under which the two articles examine the development cases.
Nasointestinal tube in mechanical ventilation patients is more advantageous
Authors: Ge Wu , Wei Wu , Shuang Pan , Yan-Xia Zheng , Ling Lv
Published: May 2019

Objective

To assess the effects of two different nutritional mode on the occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in patients on mechanical ventilation.

Methods

70 patients admitted to the ICU and under mechanical ventilation, were randomly divided into the nasointestinal tube group and nasogastric tube group. Patients from both groups received enteral nutrition, using the same nutritional agent, through intubation. The duration of stay in the ICU, duration of mechanical ventilation, incidence of VAP, nutritional state, and survival of the intestinal tract were compared between the two groups.

Results

The duration of stay in the ICU, duration of mechanical ventilation and incidence of VAP in the nasointestinal tube group was lower than that in the nasogastric tube group (P<0.05). There was an increase in the levels of prealbumin and transferrin in the nasointestinal tube group (P<0.05). However, there were no obvious difference in the nasogastric tube group (P<0.05). The incidence of abdominal distension, diarrhea, regurgitation, aspiration, and hyperglycemia in the nasointestinal tube group was much lower than that in the nasogastric tube group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

This study showed that enteral nutrition delivery using a nasointestinal way can effectively reduce the incidence of VAP and improve the nutritional status of patients under mechanical ventilation.
Naming Rights
Authors: Baird Kingsley W.
Published: May 2019

This paper explores the rich and dynamic history of a physically modest hill called Pukeahu Mount Cook, located on the southern outer edges of the central business district in New Zealand’s capital city, Wellington. The hill was named »Pukeahu« by Māori who originally settled in the area and renamed »Mount Cook« by British colonists soon after their arrival in the nineteenth century. The story of Pukeahu Mount Cook is one of Māori habitation, tribal tensions and migrations, of conflict between Māori and Pākehā and the assertion of British colonial rule, and of the official narrative of New Zealand’s national identity forged through overseas wars and reinforced by associated remembrance practices. The hill’s two names, the ascendency of one over the other, and finally their »peaceful coexistence« are a reflection of changing cultural dynamics, a recognition of the nation’s founding bicultural principles and a process of restoration.
Investigating consumer preferences and willingness to pay for Orange-fleshed Sweet potato (OFSP) juice in Rwanda
Authors: Bocher Temesgen , Sindi Kirimi , Muzhingi Tawanda , Nshimiyimana Jean Claude , Nzamwita Madjaliwa , Low Jan
Published: May 2019

While micronutrient malnutrition has become a major public health problem in developing countries, consumption of biofortified foods such as orange fleshed sweet potato has proved to be cost effective means of addressing vitamin A deficiency. This paper describes consumer preferences and willingness to pay for Orange fleshed Sweet potato (OFSP) juice based on a structured survey and taste tests administered to 946 participants (384 female and 562 male) chosen at random in Rwanda. Four juices types were tested: two popular brands of 100% pineapple juice, one 100%-OFSP juice, and one 80% OFSP- 20% pineapple juice blend. Consumers ranked different attributes of each juice such as aroma, taste, color, “right” amount of sugar, and aftertaste using a Likert scale (1 to 5). Heckman two-stage probit model was used to analyze willingness to pay and a multinomial logit model was used to analyze the determinants of juice choice. Gender of the consumer, juice buying frequency, aroma, the taste of the juice, and vitamin A knowledge were positively associated with willingness to pay and juice choice. Without nutritional information on OFSP juice, the willingness to pay for the standard juices were statistically higher; but with nutritional information, the willingness to pay and choice of OFSP juice was significantly improved. It is concluded that nutrition information is an important factor influencing the acceptance and willingness to pay for OFSP juice.
Cite This Economics Paper! It Is Time for the House of Cards to Fall Down
Authors: Payson Steven
Published: May 2019

This paper takes a fresh look at citation counts and publications in top-rank journals, which the academic economics profession uses to evaluate and promote its members. It first examines how and why citations are mentioned in an article, and what this implies about their counts. The discussion then examines how average citation counts to articles are used to rank journals, and the paper reviews the concerns that have been expressed about this practice. These concerns identify the large variance in citation counts among articles of the same journal, implying that those articles themselves must vary greatly in quality (Engemann and Wall 2009). To address these concerns, the paper proposes the classification of citations into three categories: Fodder Citations (for references that contribute only trivially to a paper), Relevant Citations (which substantively contribute to the paper, though the paper would remain roughly the same without them), and Essential Citations (which have a major influence). The paper argues that counts of citations by the last two categories offers greater credibility in the application of citation counts to evaluate economic literature. Finally, the paper provides an opportunity for economists to participate in a new project that solicits information on citations by these categories.
Verbal Symbols and Demonstrations Across Modalities
Authors: Ramchand Gillian
Published: May 2019

In this paper, I develop a new theory of the ingredients of semantic composition for the verb phrase, building on work in Ramchand (2018). I argue that the essential properties of this new approach make possible a new rapprochement between the theoretical analyses of symbolic verbal meaning across the visual and auditory modalities. The innovation of the new theory is that it partitions the verb phrase into a lower purely symbolic zone and a higher instantiational situation zone, mediated by the demonstrative act (cf. Davidson 2015, Henderson 2016). In the first part of the paper, I lay out the system, and then I show how it can be used to give a formal analysis of gestural and iconic elements in language. Along the way, I discuss the different ways in which iconicity in the two modalities plays out.
Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy with cisplatin and mitomycin C for colorectal cancer peritoneal metastases: A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Pinto Amandine , Pocard Marc
Published: May 2019

Background

The randomized trial PRODIGE 7 failed to show the benefit of oxaliplatin hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in colorectal peritoneal metastasis treatment (CR PM). This systematic review focuses on the association of cisplatin (CDDP) with mitomycin C (MMC) in HIPEC in CR PM.

Content

Experimental studies demonstrated that hyperthermia, in addition to CDDP ± MMC treatment, gradually improved the cytotoxic effect by increasing early apoptosis, eATP interaction, intracellular CDDP concentration (by 20%) and p73 expression. Recent studies with highly selected patients reported unusual prolonged survival with a median overall survival (OS) of approximately 60 months, with a HIPEC combination of CDDP (25 mg/m2/L) plus MMC (3.3 mg/m2/L) at a temperature of 41.5–42.5 °C for 60–90 min. Major complications occurred in less than 30% of patients with limited hematological toxicity (less than 15%). In addition, in a phase 2 trial, an adjuvant HIPEC benefit was demonstrated in colorectal cancer patients with high risk for peritoneal failure (5-year OS: 81.3% vs. 70% for the HIPEC group vs. the control group, respectively, p=0.047). After a recurrence, an iterative procedure permitted similar recurrence-free disease (13 vs. 13.7 months) with an acceptable morbidity (18.7% of severe complications).

Summary and outlook

The combination of CDDP and MMC seems to be an interesting protocol as an alternative to high-dose and short-term oxaliplatin.
A link between environmental pollution and civilization disorders: a mini review
Authors: Konduracka Ewa
Published: May 2019

Most civilization disorders have a complex etiology, involving factors such as genetics, lifestyle, and environmental pollution (EP) due to different chemicals. Among harmful chemicals, the major ones include particulate matter (PM), nitrogen oxides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), heavy metals, pesticides, plasticizers, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dioxins, furans, some food additives, hormones, and antibiotics. In fact, potential pollutants are countless and most of them have never been evaluated in terms of their toxicity and health risks, especially that new chemicals emerge all the time due to interactions between the existing ones. It is almost impossible to determine the effects of these new compounds on health. Previous studies have revealed a broad spectrum of diseases related to pollution. EP has been associated with an increased incidence of some malignancies, an increased rate of all-cause mortality, development or exacerbation of cardiovascular diseases, recurrent infections, impairment of intellectual and psychomotor development in children, development of type 2 diabetes, respiratory and immune system diseases, and also brain degenerative disorders. EP is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, generating high health care costs. Global pollution questions the common recommendation to eat vegetables, fruit, and fish regularly as part of a healthy diet, if they do not have ecological certification. Research in the fields of ecology, biology, and toxicology is needed to determine which environmental contaminants are the most hazardous to wildlife and humans and at what levels. Only an interdisciplinary cooperation and measures to raise public awareness could help improve environmental protection.
Reflective and Impulsive Predictors of Unhealthy Snack Impulse Buying
Authors: Moayery Meysam , Narvaiza Cantín Lorea , Gibaja Martíns Juan José
Published: May 2019

While impulse buying has been conceptualized as a product of impulses, this study proposes that both reflective and impulsive determinants can outline impulse buying. Following a dual-system model that distinguishes between a reflective and an impulsive system, we hypothesized that unhealthy snack impulse buying can be differentially influenced by either impulsive system or reflective system as a function of self-regulatory resources. Participants in the experiment were randomly assigned to one of the conditions of the two-group design (self-regulatory resources depletion vs. control condition); then they were given the opportunity to take part in a mock store spontaneous buying situation. While the impulsive system was represented by impulse buying tendency and unhealthy snack buying habit, dietary restraint represented the reflective system. The dependent variables were the number of unhealthy snacks purchased and the percentage of unhealthy snacks purchased. The results provided the first empirical foundation for reflective and impulsive aspects of impulse buying behavior. The findings showed that self-regulatory resources moderate the impact of both reflective and impulsive determinants on unhealthy snack impulse buying. While the reflective system (dietary restraint) only determined the behavior in the high self-regulatory resource condition, the impulsive system (impulse buying tendency and habit) associated with the behavior when self-regulatory resources were diminished. There was one exceptional case in which habit determined the percentage of unhealthy snacks purchased even in the high self-regulatory resource condition.
Ein „merkliches Muster von Blutsverwandtschaft“: Josef Jedličkas Herkunftserzählung inKrev není voda(1991)
Authors: Artwińska Anna
Published: May 2019

The essay deals with Josef Jedlička’s family chronicleKrev není voda(‘Blood is no water’), regarding the genealogical figures of thought which structure the text and organize the narration of family history. It examines how the Czech author adapts and redefines the traditional genre of the family chronicle for his writing purposes, as well as to what extent the reconstruction of one’s own family history and the narrative about social origin interlock. The thesis is thatKrev není vodais an interesting example of a Central European family chronicle that works with a deterministic concept of origin and distinguishes itself from nostalgic, mythologizing representations of one’s own family history.
The Deflection of Rotating Composite Tapered Beams with an Elastically Restrained Root in Hygrothermal Environment
Authors: Lin B.C. , Qin Y. , Li Y.H. , Yang J.
Published: May 2019

This article aims to study the static deflection of a rotating composite Timoshenko beam subjected to the laterally distributed load and restrained by the elastic root and affected by the various cross-section, installation mode, and hygrothermal environment. The governing equation is established according to the force equilibrium condition and solved by a semianalytical power series solution. To verify the correctness, the results of differential quadrature method are introduced to make a comparison. Then, several parameters that can affect the static deflection of the beam, such as the rotating speed, temperature variation, elastic root, and so on, are investigated. Results indicate that (1) pitch angle, rotating speed, and hub radius can result in the centrifugal stiffening effect; (2) setting angle, fibre orientation angle, taper ratio, and elastic root affect the static deflection by changing the rigidity of the rotating composite tapered beam; and (3) temperature variation and moisture concentration can cause the expansion deformation and the change of material properties.
Cell Adhesion-Mediated Actomyosin Assembly Regulates the Activity of Cubitus Interruptus for Hematopoietic Progenitor Maintenance in Drosophila
Authors: Sharma Shiv Kumar , Ghosh Saikat , Geetha Aarathy RavisundarJose , Mandal Sudip , Mandal Lolitika
Published: May 2019

The actomyosin network is involved in crucial cellular processes including morphogenesis, cell adhesion, apoptosis, proliferation, differentiation, and collective cell migration in Drosophila, Caenorhabditis  elegans, and mammals. Here, we demonstrate that Drosophila larval blood stem-like progenitors require actomyosin activity for their maintenance. Genetic loss of the actomyosin network from progenitors caused a decline in their number. Likewise, the progenitor population increased upon sustained actomyosin activation via phosphorylation by Rho-associated kinase. We show that actomyosin positively regulates larval blood progenitors by controlling the maintenance factor Cubitus interruptus (Ci). Overexpression of the maintenance signal via a constitutively activated construct (ci.HA) failed to sustain Ci-155 in the absence of actomyosin components like Zipper (zip) and Squash (sqh), thus favoring protein kinase A (PKA)-independent regulation of Ci activity. Furthermore, we demonstrate that a change in cortical actomyosin assembly mediated by DE-cadherin modulates Ci activity, thereby determining progenitor status. Thus, loss of cell adhesion and downstream actomyosin activity results in desensitization of the progenitors to Hh signaling, leading to their differentiation. Our data reveal how cell adhesion and the actomyosin network cooperate to influence patterning, morphogenesis, and maintenance of the hematopoietic stem-like progenitor pool in the developing Drosophila hematopoietic organ.
Diet, the Gut Microbiome and Heart Failure
Authors: Harikrishnan Sivadasanpillai
Published: May 2019

The collection of microorganisms that live in coexistence within or on the host body has been referred to as the microbiota. In humans, such cohabitation is mostly seen in the gut, mainly in the colon. The gut microbiome is acquired from the environment and is modified mostly by the diet. There are preliminary data to show that gut microbia can directly influence the pathogenetic disease processes in heart failure (HF). HF leads to bowel wall oedema and regional hypoxia, causing a change in the microbial flora of the gut, which can initiate or perpetuate certain pathogenetic process in HF. The structural component of the microbiota itself, such as lipopolysaccharides or the substances produced by the bacteria, such as trimethylamine N-oxide, is implicated in the pathogenesis of HF. This process is termed as the ‘heart–gut axis’ in HF. Manipulating the gut microbia or targeting products from the microbia may become treatment options for HF in future.
Winter Peaks in Heart Failure: An Inevitable or Preventable Consequence of Seasonal Vulnerability?
Authors: Stewart Simon , Moholdt Trine T , Burrell Louise M , Sliwa Karen , Mocumbi Ana O , McMurray John JV , Keates Ashley K , Hawley John A
Published: May 2019

Climate change is a major contributor to annual winter peaks in cardiovascular events across the globe. However, given the paradoxical observation that cardiovascular seasonality is observed in relatively mild as well as cold climates, global warming may not be as positive for the syndrome of heart failure (HF) as some predict. In this article, we present our Model of Seasonal Flexibility to explain the spectrum of individual responses to climatic conditions. We have identified distinctive phenotypes of resilience and vulnerability to explain why winter peaks in HF occur. Moreover, we identify how better identification of climatic vulnerability and the use of multifaceted interventions focusing on modifiable bio-behavioural factors may improve HF outcomes.
Hospice Use Among Patients with Heart Failure
Authors: Cross Sarah H , Kamal Arif H , Taylor Donald H , Warraich Haider J
Published: May 2019

Despite its many benefits, hospice care is underused for patients with heart failure. This paper discusses the factors contributing to this underuse and offers recommendations to optimise use for patients with heart failure and proposes metrics to optimise quality of hospice care for this patient group.
Redes intelectuales en la reforma educativa en Guatemala a finales del siglo XIX
Authors: Nivón Bolán Amalia
Published: May 2019

Durante los gobiernos guatemaltecos de 1873-1898 intelectuales liberales influyeron en la reforma educativa que impulsó en las escuelas públicas la enseñanza objetiva, racional y positivista a favor del desarrollo económico y el programa civilizatorio del Estado, al estilo de las sociedades modernas de Europa y América. El trabajo es de corte historiográfico, enmarcado en la historia de la educación centroamericana, desde la perspectiva cultual e intelectual de los grupos hegemónicos interesados en la construcción de las identidades nacionales asumidas como propias. Los vínculos profesionales identificados a partir del estudio prosopográfico de tres profesores estrechamente cercanos a la formación de docentes de primaria: Santos Turiño, José María Izaguirre y Rafaela del Águila,  y sus relaciones de colaboración interinstitucional en escuelas,  revistas de educación y asociaciones científicas y literarias fortalecen el capital cultural del profesorado e impactan en la educación pública nacional e internacional.
La "ideología costarricense" y el espectro de la "ideología extranjera" (1950-1959)
Authors: Álvarez Garro Laura
Published: May 2019

En este artículo se exponen los resultados del análisis del concepto ideología y su espectro – derecha e izquierda – durante el periodo de 1950-1959, el cual se desprende de una investigación de mayor alcance titulada Conceptos políticos en Costa Rica durante el periodo de 1950 a 1959: transformaciones y permanencias, desarrollada en el Centro de Investigaciones Históricas de América Central (CIHAC). Se expone cuáles son los contenidos asociados a estos conceptos y su uso político por parte de actores políticos y sociales en campos políticos pagados – publicidad política –, en dos periódicos de circulación nacional – La Nación y La Extra-. Se concluye que para el periodo, el concepto de ideología está asociado al imaginario nacional, su uso político se dirige a establecer la distinción entre “lo costarricense” y lo “extranjero”.
Comparación entre Técnicas de Modelado Computacional de Edificios de Tipo Muro
Authors: Álvarez González Sergio Gabriel
Published: May 2019

En este artículo se compara la aplicación de diferentes técnicas de modelado computacional de edificios de tipo muro; específicamente se estudiaron las siguientes metodologías de modelado:

Modelado a través de elementos tipo barra con sección transversal rectangular

Modelado a través de elementos tipo barra con sección transversal irregular 

Modelado a través de elementos tipo área.

Con el fin de aplicar cada una de las técnicas de modelado a distintos edificios se utilizó el software de análisis estructural llamado ETABS. Posteriormente se efectuó un análisis dinámico de cada uno de estos modelos, con lo cual se creó una matriz de resultados que permitió comparar y discutir las diferentes respuestas estructurales que se pueden obtener para un mismo edificio cuando se utilizan distintas técnicas de modelado. De esta comparación se concluye que en general los modelos compuestos por elementos tipo barra con sección transversal rectangular y los modelos elaborados con elementos tipo área presentan comportamientos similares, por lo que se podrían modelar edificios de tipo muro de hasta 30 niveles con ambas metodologías sin esperar diferencias significativas en las respuestas estructurales. Por otro lado, los modelos elaborados con elementos tipo barra con sección transversal irregular presentaron diferencias significativas en cuanto a dichas respuestas.