bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pola Asuh Orang Tua dalam Membentuk Akhlak Sesama Manusia pada Anak Keluarga Nelayan Kampung Pasir Ganting Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan
Authors: Utama Meiji Colna Putri , Yetti Murni
Published: July 2023

This study aims to find out how parents' upbringing in shaping the morals of fellow humans in the children of fishermen families in Pasir Ganting Village, Pesisir Selatan Regency and also to find out what factors influence parenting patterns in forming the morals of fellow humans in children of fishermen families in Pasir Ganting Village. South Coastal District. The subject of this research is parenting style. Informants in this study were parents and children aged 8-13 years, and the method chosen in this study was descriptive qualitative method. The results of this study are that the parenting style used by parents in the Pasir Ganting fishing village is mostly authoritarian parenting and democratic parenting. The most dominant factor that can influence parenting in shaping the morals of fellow human beings in the children of the Pasir Ganting fishing village is the environmental factor where they live, and there are also other factors that can influence parenting patterns, namely the personality factor of the parents.
Las percepciones de la juventud española sobre la regularización o la abolición de la prostitución
Authors: García-Vázquez Olaya
Published: July 2023

Existe un vacío en el estudio de las percepciones sociales sobre la prostitución en España. Para contribuir a la escasa literatura actual sobre percepciones de prostitución se han utilizado diferentes técnicas de investigación cuantitativa mediante el muestreo en forma de bola de nieve. Se ha llegado a una muestra de 3.126 jóvenes en España, con edades comprendidas entre 16 y 30 años. El análisis confirma algunos de los resultados recogidos en anteriores encuestas: la juventud española considera que legalizar y regular dónde y cómo se hace es la mejor respuesta legal ante la prostitución. Sin embargo, podríamos estar ante un cambio de paradigma hacia una postura más abolicionista de «prohibir, penalizando sólo a quien paga». La postura legal ante la prostitución difiere según ciertas variables, de forma que ser mujer, ser una persona con estudios universitarios, considerar que los clientes siempre son violentos y que la prostitución siempre es forzada disminuye la posibilidad de apoyar la postura regulacionista. Por su parte, las personas que conocen a clientes o a personas que ejercen apoyan más la regulación de la prostitución.
Videoactivismo en redes: Credibilidad, viralidad y emocionalidad
Authors: Leal-Fernández Ignacio , Ruiz San Román José A.
Published: July 2023

El uso de contenido audiovisual para el activismo social se ha popularizado. Este trabajo explora las opiniones de once activistas y de nueve investigadores sobre la relevancia del uso de contenidos audiovisuales para la credibilidad y la viralidad de los mensajes en favor de los derechos humanos. El análisis de las entrevistas semiestructuradas pone de manifiesto que el audiovisual no siempre aporta mayor credibilidad o viralidad. La credibilidad retoma viejos debates sobre la relación de la imagen mecánica y la realidad. Se encuentra que el poder movilizador del vídeo reside en la emocionalidad, entroncando con los estudios en neurocomunicación. Los audiovisuales con contenido «emocional» se relacionan con la viralidad, aunque también lo hace con una nutrida variedad de factores, como el contenido del mensaje, el texto que acompaña al vídeo, elementos en la recepción y el canal. Líneas futuras de investigación podrían desarrollarse en torno a la neurocomunicación y los diseños experimentales.
Distance Constraints and the Re-Emergence of Trade by Barter during COVID-19 Pandemic in Three Coastal Communities of Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Authors: Gunn Ezekiel Ovuokerie , Deinne Clement Ebizimor
Published: July 2023

Physical distance constraints and the COVID-19 pandemic appeared to have introduced uncertainties, affecting people's lives and livelihoods and disrupting food production, demand, and supply chains. This study examines the influence of distance constraints and the emergence of trade by barter at the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic in spatially isolated coastal communities in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. A participatory survey research design was adopted in which three barter trade locations of Foropagha, Lobia and Ukubie communities were purposively selected due to the practice of trade by barter during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results revealed that females participated more in the barter trade with 308 (77.0%), while 92 (23.0%) were males. The economically active and youthful population of 155 (38.8%) between 31-40 years dominated the trade followed by 73 (18.3%) traders between 41-50 years, 126 (51.0%) received money and also exchanged food items at the markets during the COVID-19 pandemic, while 70 traders exchanged food items such as fish and farm produce during the pandemic. The result of the logistic regression reveals that age was more likely to influence the emergence of a trade by barter during the COVID-19 pandemic with an odd ratio of 9.3, followed by occupation at 9.1, income at 6.3, location at 4.8, and transportation at 3.5, as a result of the restrictions of movement and disruption of transportation, livelihoods, demands and supply of food items, and decreased purchasing power in the coastal communities reverted to trade by barter to avert food poverty, acute starvation and to sustain their major livelihoods of fishing and farming.
Literasi dan Potensi Zakat Perkebunan
Authors: Azhar Azhar , Eviza Eviza , Misra Misra , Sukmawati U. Sulia
Published: July 2023

Cepala adalah desa dengan lahan terluas di kecamatan Tekarang yang memiliki berbagai macan jenis perkebunan sehingga memiliki potensi yang besar untuk zakat perkebunan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualititif, yang bertujun untuk memberitahukan seberapa pentingnya literasi zakar yang harus diketahui masyarakat Desa Cepala khususnya. Hasil yang di dapat pun tidak sejalan dengan ekspektasi di lapangan dengan rendahnya tingkat literasi di kalangan para petani menjadikan tersendatnya penyaluran dana zakat yang seharusnya ditunaikan setiap tahunnya untuk zakat perkebunan. Sudah seharusnya hal ini menjadi perhatian setiap kalangan mengingat bahsanya zakat tidak hanya merupakan rukun Islam, namun zakat juga merupakan salah satu instrument pengentas kemiskinan yang paling ampuh. Sudah seharusnya lembaga zakat BASNAZ kabupaten Tekarang Desa Cepala melirik hal tersebut dan melakukan aksi nyata dalam meningkatkan literasi zakat perkebunan di Kabupaten Tekarang Desa Cepala.
Gerônimo
Authors: Médici de Steiner Carmen
Published: July 2023

Mediante a reconstrução da história de Gerônimo, a autora propõe abrir uma dúvida clínica e teórica coadjuvada pela perspectiva linguística, a partir do prefixo des. Enfatiza que o prefixo des anuncia que há algo que existiu, mas que já não está presente. Procura também examinar similaridades, nexo e diferenças entre os termos integração e amparo, não-integração, não amparo, desamparo e desintegração.
sete invejas capitais
Authors: Lemgruber Lea Maria de Oliveira Castro
Published: July 2023

Resenha do livro: CHUSTER, Arnaldo; TRACHTENBERG, Renato. As Sete Invejas Capitais. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2009.
Interpretação e adolescência
Authors: Saimovici Edmundo
Published: July 2023

O ato de interpretar nos tratamentos com adolescentes deve ser abordado no marco de um amplo espectro de situações; algumas foram estudadas com base em diferentes esquemas referenciais e outras, em diferentes patologias. Concordamos com os autores que consideram o adolescente vivendo uma etapa com características próprias. Os eixos principais que se entrecruzam em grau variável no campo analítico no tratamento com adolescentes e que geram angústias específicas são, como já dissemos: a oscilação edípica-pré-edípica, a dualidade independência- dependência, o par idealização-desidealização e o par lutos pela perda da infância e bissexualidade versus elaboração do crescimento corporal e do desenvolvimento da genitalidade. A tarefa interpretativa (para a qual o timing, que depende da capacitação específica nesse tipo de tratamento, é fundamental) é composta de múltiplas possibilidades de abordagem, cuja finalidade última será conseguir a transformação da patologia do paciente adolescente e a tolerância a uma etapa conflituosa que, por si, é difícil. Assim, nominar ansiedades e afetos desconhecidos ou novos, utilizar intervenções não-interpretativas como sinalizadoras, pedidos diretos, assumir papéis, interpretação de jogos, desenhos, discriminações de atitudes contraditórias, certificações consensuais com respeito à realidade, conversar sobre assuntos de interesse do adolescente, estão implicados com a interpretação transferencial no momento oportuno das diferentes projeções que o paciente adolescente faz desde o seu lugar tanto edípico como pré-edípico. É indispensável conhecer a dinâmica pai-filhos e o entorno social e educacional do paciente para poder operar com eficácia. Nas patologias severas, podemos nos deparar com um esquecimento das características da adolescência. A abordagem terapêutica se parecerá mais aos mesmos quadros do adulto; nesses casos, a aparição do conflito adolescente será um sinal de melhora.
Aspectos psicológicos em mulheres que se submetem às tecnologias de reprodução assistida
Authors: Araújo Katya de Azevedo , Barbosa Mara Horta , Pacheco Maria Isabel Ribas , Mazeron Patrícia Poerner , Vives Renata Viola
Published: July 2023

A infertilidade configura-se como um problema universal, porém é mais pronunciado em países em desenvolvimento. Segundo dados da Organização Mundial da Saúde, estimase, no século XXI, uma percentagem de infertilidade de 8 a 12%. Nesse sentido, este trabalho, por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa, tem o objetivo de apresentar dados coletados referentes às fantasias presentes em mulheres que se submetem ao tratamento de reprodução assistida. O método utilizado teve um delineamento qualitativo de caráter interpretativo. Foram avaliadas 11 mulheres, na faixa etária de 20 a 41 anos, que estavam pela primeira vez participando do tratamento. Essas mulheres foram encaminhadas pelo serviço de reprodução de um hospital público de Porto Alegre. O instrumento utilizado foi uma entrevista semiestruturada, gravada e posteriormente transcrita, e a análise dos dados foi realizada pelo procedimento de análise de conteúdo de Bardin (2003). Este estudo constatou que as entrevistadas apresentam uma relação com características predominantemente pré-edípicas, sendo que essas mulheres demonstram um discurso que representa um pensamento de pouca subjetividade psíquica. A representação paterna dá-se com características falhas, não cumprindo o papel de interditor da relação mãe-bebê. As fantasias mais frequentes encontradas foram de incapacidade de ser mãe, bem como a de ter problemas orgânicos, além de psicológicos. A representação de filho se deu de uma forma idealizada e em poucos casos parece remeter ao desejo de constituir família.
Trauma e desorganização progressiva
Authors: Holovko Cândida Sé , Rache Eliana
Published: July 2023

Neste trabalho, as autoras, apoiadas na narrativa literária apresentada no livro “Marte”¹, de Fritz Zorn (1977/1986), ilustram o desenvolvimento de conceitos importantes no campo da psicossomática. Fritz Angst, narrador e protagonista do livro, ao ter conhecimento de um câncer, decide escrever sua autobiografia imerso num trabalho psicoterapêutico que começara no mesmo período em que teve a notícia da doença.. Através da elegante escrita do autor vão se mesclando os mais diversos temas tratados pela Escola de Psicossomática Psicanalítica de Paris: questões ligadas a falhas no narcisismo, ao trauma fundamental, à melancolia, à desorganização progressiva, à regressão somática, à desintrincação pulsional, enfim, às relações entre psicanálise e corpo.
Breves considerações sobre a agressividade e a compulsão à repetição
Authors: Halperin Celso
Published: July 2023

Partindo do conceito de pulsão de morte, o autor procura outras possíveis causas para compreender manifestações como a agressividade, a destrutividade e a compulsão à repetição. Seguindo o modelo de desenvolvimento proposto por Winnicott, somado às contribuições de Roussillon, encontra nas características de desenvolvimento do processo de simbolização e integração do self uma relevante contribuição ao entendimento desses fenômenos.
Decolonizar o pensamento – um ensaio para compartilhar leituras de pandemia
Authors: Lima Juliana Lang
Published: July 2023

A pandemia de coronavírus revelou ao mundo, como nunca antes em nossa história recente, o cenário de desigualdades em que todos convivemos pacificamente. Nesse contexto, em busca de romper com séculos de silêncio, discussões sobre negritude e branquitude (e os privilégios dessa última) se desenvolveram de forma intensa no ano que passou. O texto que segue busca compartilhar leituras que colaboraram no processo de letramento racial da autora, convidando à reflexão sobre o tema.
Tempo e trauma
Authors: Graña Roberto Barberena
Published: July 2023

Partindo de um filme Iraniano, O espelho, o autor propõe uma reflexão sobre o efeito das rupturas prolongadas do contato com o objeto durante os anos de infância, e sobre as perturbações disto resultantes, no desenvolvimento das dimensões de tempo, espaço e sentido e no estabelecimento autêntico do self no mundo.
Por que Ferenczi hoje?
Authors: Borgogno Franco
Published: July 2023

Nos congressos internacionais anteriores – de Paris, Budapeste, Nova York, São Paulo, Madrid e Tel Aviv –, Ferenczi foi reconhecido como um dos fundadores da psicanálise, um alter ego de Freud que, desde os primeiros passos da nossa disciplina, deu voz a aspectos importantes (relacionais e procedimentais, antecipo) que o método e a teoria recém instituídos já estavam inevitavelmente sacrificando em sua atuação concreta. [...]
State transplant coordinators’ views on influencing factors of the performance of organ donation and transplantation services in Brazil: a qualitative study
Authors: Araujo Claudia Affonso Silva , Siqueira Marina Martins
Published: July 2023

Despite their prominent role in organ donation and transplantation (ODT) results, studies aimed at state transplant coordinators’ managerial views are lacking. This qualitative study explores their perspective on facilitators and barriers to the performance of ODT services. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with coordinators of state transplant centers from 15 out of 27 Brazilian states. Content analysis was applied to identify key themes and organize the perceived factors affecting performance. The factors identified relate to services’ internal management, organizational characteristics of state transplant centers and hospitals performing ODT activities, the socioeconomic, political, and regulatory context surrounding services, and the interface with the general population. A major factor identified is the use of indicators as a critical management tool to locate inefficiencies, guide decision-making, and ground the dialogue with stakeholders. Other factors mentioned are the relationship with hospitals, the state's political stability, the coordinators' interpersonal traits, and relational skills. This article offers practitioners and researchers an overview of the multiple factors influencing the performance of ODT services, intending to enrich the practice and management literature in this relevant health field and stir future research. Based on identified aspects, a list of managerial recommendations is proposed.
Um ensaio sobre framework para transformação digital
Authors: Costa Georgiana Motta , Freitas Junior José Carlos da Silva , Brinkhues Rafael Alfonso , Cabral Patrícia Martins Fagundes
Published: July 2023

A transformação digital é massivamente discutida e apontada como fator-chave para que as empresas sejam capazes de sobreviver à era digital. Porém, há o risco de que as empresas adotarem soluções genéricas sem um alinhamento com enfoque estratégico, criando, assim, uma desvinculação das realidades da empresa e culturas organizacionais. Essa percepção tem sido destacada em diversos fóruns, na academia autores com Vial (2019) e Gupta (2018) apontam gaps de pesquisa nesse sentido, o que encontra eco nas empresas, e são destacados em publicações especializadas como a MIS Quarterly Executive. Assim, este ensaio teórico se justifica, tanto no campo prático, como no campo acadêmico, uma vez que se observa a necessidade de estudos que contribuam para que as empresas possam incluir na pauta de seu planejamento estratégico o tema da Transformação Digital. Vale ressaltar que este ensaio é parte de uma pesquisa maior, que tem como método a Design Science Research e buscará propor como artefato um Framework para o apoio da estratégia de transformação digital. Diante desse contexto, o presente estudo visa compreender os critérios que devem ser considerados e avaliados na concepção deste referido Framework direcionador do planejamento da estratégia de operação da transformação digital.
Incidence and Management of Cystic Calculi in Dogs in and Around Meerut
Authors: Singh Ajit Kumar , Jithin M. V. , Varun V. K. , John Jeny K. , Sarkar T. K.
Published: July 2023

A total of 54 animals of either sex with cystic calculi were prospectively studied. Most often the mature adult dogs aged between 3 to10 years were affected and the juveniles (<1 year) were less commonly affected. Prevalence was maximal in extreme winter and summer. Cystic calculi were diagnosed either by radiography or ultrasonography. All the dogs were given urinary alkalizer and calculolytic drugs to dissolve the calculi and the dogs with urinary obstruction were treated surgically. Majority of the cases showed uneventful recovery.
PEMIKIRAN TEORI KOGNITIF PIAGET DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Wardani Helda Kusuma
Published: July 2023

Jean Piaget is a psychologist who contributed greatly to the world of education, there are at least two contributions piaget, namely the theory of cognitive learning and the theory of human cognitive development.  Piaget's theory explains that human knowledge is essentially considered active, namely: knowing means acting on objects and realities, and building a system of transformations that can be done on or with them. Piaget stresses that the cognitive processes children use as they build their knowledge of the world are essential: schema, assimilation and accommodation, organization, and equilibrium. Piaget divides the cognitive development of children and adolescents into four stages: sensory-motor, preoperative, concrete operations, and formal operations. Elementary school students are at the stage of concrete operational thinking. Student learning activities are given concrete experiences. Through concrete experience students will easily find concepts. One of them can be done by playing. Piaget believes that playing will foster intrinsic motivation from students. This theory focuses on the active role of children in learning activities. A child not only receives material instantly but the child is guided and directed to discover the concept of material.
Model Pelepasan Obat dari Matriks
Authors: Suprianto Suprianto
Published: July 2023

Saat pengembangan bentuk sediaan obat, sangat penting untuk mempelajari pelepasan obat atau disolusi yang diakui sebagai elemen dalam pengembangan obat. Model matematika dapat membantu mengoptimalkan desain obat untuk menghasilkan informasi model pelepasan. Analisis nilai kuantitatif yang diperoleh saat disolusi yang menggambarkan profil pelepasan obat lebih mudah ketika konsep matematika digunakan untuk menggambarkan model kinetika pelepasan obat. Tujuan tinjauan ini menerapkan konsep matematika untuk mempelajari fenomena pelepasan obat matriks. Produk pelepasan terkendali menawarkan beberapa keuntungan, antara lain: mempertahankan kadar obat dalam plasma, memperkecil toksisitas, menurunkan efek samping akibat fluktuasi kadar obat, frekuensi pemberian obat sekali sehari dan menjamin terapi optimum
Isolasi dan Identifikasi Cendawan Patogen pada Tanaman Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Authors: RIYANTI INDRA
Published: July 2023

Tanaman Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L) merupakan salah satu tanaman hortikultura yang penting di Indonesia. Tanaman ini banyak mengalami masalah terhadap produksi baik kuantitas maupun kualitas. Salah satu masalah tersebut adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh mikroba patogen yaitu cendawan patogen. Cendawan merupakan makhluk hidup yang tidak memiliki klorofil sehingga bersifat heterotroph. Selain itu, cendawan juga membutuhkan vitamin, Isolasi cendawan merupakan suatu kegiatan dalam mikrobiologi yaitu memindahkan sekaligus memisahkan mikroorganisme sehingga didapatkanlah kultur murni. CO2 dan nitrogen untuk perkembangan hifa serta juga digunakan sebagai sumber nutrisi. Tujuan dari mini riset ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis cendawan yang ada di tanaman tomat. Metode yang digunakan adalah isolasi endofit tumbuhan. Adapun hasil yang didapatkan adalah terdapat cendawan patogen pada ulangan 1 dan ulangan 2 sedangkan pada ulangan 3 tidak terdapat cendawan patogen. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan dari kedua ulangan tersebut termasuk kedalam genus Fusarium. Cendawan Fusarium dengan karakteristik koloni berwarna putih hingga oranye dengan tipe seperti kapas yang tipis.
MUDHARABAH MENURUT AAOIFI DAN DSN MUI
Authors: Zulfikar Muhammad , Bahri Syamsul
Published: July 2023

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk membandingkan fatwa-fatwa yang dikeluarkan AAOIFI dengan fatwa dari DSN-MUI. Penelitian ini tidak bertujuan untuk membandingkan kekuatan kelemahan ataupun kelebihan kekurangan dari fatwa kedua institusi tersebut, tapi lebih untuk melihat apakah terdapat titik temu atau kesamaan dalam rangka memperkuat akad Mudharabah yang sering dilakukan oleh para kaum Muslimin. Dengan metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berupa studi kepustakaan dengan telaah terhadap data-data yang relevan, diharapkan dapat membuahkan hasil penelitian yang dapat membantu untuk memperkaya khasanah keilmuan dalam rumpun ekonomi syariah. Penelitian ini sendiri memberikan kesimpulan bahwa fatwa AAOIFI dan DSN-MUI tentang Mudharabah sifatnya saling melengkapi dan bukan saling melemahkan. Dengan demikian kaum Muslimin, baik Lembaga keuangan maupun perorangan tidak akan merasa kebingungan untuk memilih pedoman fatwa yang akan dipergunakan untuk melakukan akad Mudharabah.ABSTRACTThis study aims to compare the fatwas from AAOIFI with those from DSN-MUI. This study isn't trying to determine the pros and cons or strengths and weaknesses of the fatwas of the two institutions. Instead, it's trying to find common ground or similarities that can help strengthen the Mudharabah contract that Muslims often follow. Using a literature study and a review of important data, the method used in this research, research results will be found that can help add to the scientific knowledge of the Islamic economic family. This study concludes that the AAOIFI and DSN-MUI fatwas on Mudharabah work well together and don't hurt each other. So, Muslims, financial institutions, and people won't be confused about which ruling rules to follow when making Mudharabah contracts.
Ultrastrong Magnon–Magnon Coupling and Chirality Switching in Antiferromagnet CrPS4
Authors: Li Wei , Dai Yuyao , Ni Lijun , Zhang Baoshan , Tang Dongming , Yang Yi , Xu Yongbing
Published: July 2023

As new information carriers, antiferromagnetic magnons have great potential in the fields of spintronics and quantum information. However, the strong exchange interaction between sublattice spins in conventional antiferromagnets results in their frequencies up to the terahertz (THz) range, hindering further exploration of related applications and physics. Recently, emerging van der Waals A‐type antiferromagnets with the weak exchange interaction may bring about a change. In this study, it demonstrates two distinct tunable ultrastrong magnon–magnon couplings in the gigahertz (GHz) band using this type of antiferromagnet, CrPS4, with a maximum normalized coupling strength (η) of 0.31. It establishes orthorhombic and monoclinic models for theoretical analyses, unambiguously showing that the ultrastrong coupling strength is caused by unique magnetocrystalline anisotropy rather than exchange enhancement. Furthermore, for the first time, it observes a continuous switching process of sublattice magnon chirality arising from the orthorhombic nature of anisotropy. These findings not only deepen the understanding of antiferromagnetic spin dynamics but also offer a powerful platform for building magnonic quantum systems and chirality‐based spintronics.
Recent Progress of Supramolecular Chemotherapy Based on Host–Guest Interactions
Authors: Yan Miaomiao , Wu Sha , Wang Yuhao , Liang Minghao , Wang Mengbin , Hu Wenting , Yu Guocan , Mao Zhengwei , Huang Feihe , Zhou Jiong
Published: July 2023

Chemotherapy is widely recognized as an effective approach for treating cancer due to its ability to eliminate cancer cells using chemotherapeutic drugs. However, traditional chemotherapy suffers from various drawbacks, including limited solubility and stability of drugs, severe side effects, low bioavailability, drug resistance, and challenges in tracking treatment efficacy. These limitations greatly hinder its widespread clinical application. In contrast, supramolecular chemotherapy, which relies on host–guest interactions, presents a promising alternative by offering highly efficient and minimally toxic anticancer drug delivery. In this review, an overview of recent advancements in supramolecular chemotherapy based on host–guest interactions is provided. The significant role it plays in guiding cancer therapy is emphasized. Drawing on a wealth of cutting‐edge research, herein, a timely and valuable resource for individuals interested in the field of supramolecular chemotherapy or cancer therapy, is presented. Furthermore, this review contributes to the progression of the field of supramolecular chemotherapy toward clinical application.
Design Principles for Grain Boundaries in Solid‐State Lithium‐Ion Conductors
Authors: Quirk James A. , Dawson James A.
Published: July 2023

Lithium dendrite formation and insufficient ionic conductivity remain primary concerns for the utilization of solid‐state batteries. Given that the interpretation of experimental results for polycrystalline solid electrolytes can be difficult, computational techniques are invaluable for providing insight at the atomic scale. Here, first‐principles calculations are carried out on representative grain boundaries in four important solid electrolytes, namely, an anti‐perovskite oxide, Li3OCl, and its hydrated counterpart, Li2OHCl, a thiophosphate, Li3PS4, and a halide, Li3InCl6, to develop the first generally applicable design principles for grain boundaries in solid electrolytes for solid‐state batteries. The significantly different impacts that grain boundaries have on electronic structure and transport, ion conductivity and correlated ion dynamics are demonstrated. The results show that even when grain boundaries do not significantly impact ionic conductivity, they can still strongly perturb the electronic structure and contribute to potential lithium dendrite propagation. It is also illustrated, for the first time, how correlated motion, including the so‐called paddle‐wheel mechanism, can vary substantially at grain boundaries. These findings reveal the dramatically different behavior of solid electrolytes at the microscale compared to the bulk and its potential consequences and benefits for the design of solid‐state batteries. These design principles are expected to aid the synthesis and engineering of solid electrolytes at the microscale for preventing dendrite propagation and accelerating ion transport.
Resurgence of destructive behavior following differential rates of alternative reinforcement
Authors: Helvey Casey Irwin , Fisher Wayne W. , Greer Brian D. , Fuhrman Ashley M. , Mitteer Daniel R.
Published: July 2023

Behavioral momentum theory (BMT) suggests that resurgence of destructive behavior may be at least partly determined by the rate of alternative reinforcement, with lean schedules of reinforcement producing less resurgence than dense schedules. Findings from basic and translational studies have been mixed, and the effects of alternative reinforcement rate on resurgence remain unclear. In the current study, we conducted a within‐subject evaluation of resurgence during extinction with four children following functional communication training using dense and lean (BMT‐informed) schedules of alternative reinforcement. We observed no reliable differences in resurgence across the dense and lean conditions. We discuss implications of these findings in relation to future research using quantitative analyses to evaluate the relative effects of alternative reinforcement rate and other BMT‐based strategies for mitigating resurgence in applied settings.
Food globalization in southern Central Asia: archaeobotany at Bukhara between antiquity and the Middle Ages
Authors: Mir-Makhamad Basira , Stark Sören , Mirzaakhmedov Sirojidin , Rahmonov Husniddin , Spengler Robert N.
Published: July 2023

The Silk Road is a modern name for a globalization phenomenon that marked an extensive network of communication and exchange in the ancient world; by the turn of the second millennium AD, commercial trade linked Asia and supported the development of a string of large urban centers across Central Asia. One of the main arteries of the medieval trade routes followed the middle and lower Zarafshan River and was connected by mercantile cities, such as Samarkand and Bukhara. Bukhara developed into a flourishing urban center between the fourth and sixth centuries AD, served as the capital of the Samanid court between AD 893 and 999, and remained prosperous into the Qarakhanid period (AD 999–1220), until the Mongol invasion in AD 1220. We present the first archaeobotanical study from this ancient center of education, craft production, artistic development, and commerce. Radiocarbon dates and an archaeological chronology that has been developed for the site show that our samples cover a range between the third and eleventh centuries AD. These samples from Bukhara represent the richest systematically collected archaeobotanical assemblage thus far recovered in Central Asia. The assemblage includes spices and both annual and perennial crops, which allowed Sogdians and Samanids to feed large cities in river oases surrounded by desert and arid steppe and supported a far-reaching commercial market in the first millennium AD.
Logic-Based Benders Decomposition in Answer Set Programming for Chronic Outpatients Scheduling
Authors: CAPPANERA PAOLA , GAVANELLI MARCO , NONATO MADDALENA , ROMA MARCO
Published: July 2023

In answer set programming (ASP), the user can define declaratively a problem and solve it with efficient solvers; practical applications of ASP are countless and several constraint problems have been successfully solved with ASP. On the other hand, solution time usually grows in a superlinear way (often, exponential) with respect to the size of the instance, which is impractical for large instances. A widely used approach is to split the optimization problem into subproblems (SPs) that are solved in sequence, some committing to the values assigned by others, and reconstructing a valid assignment for the whole problem by juxtaposing the solutions of the single SPs. On the one hand, this approach is much faster due to the superlinear behavior; on the other hand, it does not provide any guarantee of optimality: committing to the assignment of one SP can rule out the optimal solution from the search space. In other research areas, logic-Based Benders decomposition (LBBD) proved effective; in LBBD, the problem is decomposed into a master problem (MP) and one or several SPs. The solution of the MP is passed to the SPs that can possibly fail. In case of failure, a no-good is returned to the MP that is solved again with the addition of the new constraint. The solution process is iterated until a valid solution is obtained for all the SPs or the MP is proven infeasible. The obtained solution is provably optimal under very mild conditions. In this paper, we apply for the first time LBBD to ASP, exploiting an application in health care as case study. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the approach. We believe that the availability of LBBD can further increase the practical applicability of ASP technologies.
Psychedelic therapies reconsidered: compounds, clinical indications, and cautious optimism
Authors: Mitchell Jennifer M. , Anderson Brian T.
Published: July 2023

The clinical investigation of psychedelic medicines has blossomed over the last 5 years. Data from a Phase 3 industry trial and a multicenter Phase 2 industry trial, in addition to multiple early phase investigator-initiated and industry trials, have now been published in peer-reviewed journals. This narrative review summarizes both the recent data and the current clinical trials that are being conducted with various classes of “psyche-manifesting” substances, which may prove beneficial in the treatment of a broad range of conditions. Methodological considerations, unique challenges, and next steps for research are discussed in keeping with the uniquely “experiential” nature of these therapies.
Structural basis for receptor binding and broader interspecies receptor recognition of currently circulating Omicron sub-variants
Authors: Zhao Zhennan , Xie Yufeng , Bai Bin , Luo Chunliang , Zhou Jingya , Li Weiwei , Meng Yumin , Li Linjie , Li Dedong , Li Xiaomei , Li Xiaoxiong , Wang Xiaoyun , Sun Junqing , Xu Zepeng , Sun Yeping , Zhang Wei , Fan Zheng , Zhao Xin , Wu Linhuan , Ma Juncai , Li Odel Y. , Shang Guijun , Chai Yan , Liu Kefang , Wang Peiyi , Gao George F. , Qi Jianxun
Published: July 2023

Multiple SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-variants, such as BA.2, BA.2.12.1, BA.4, and BA.5, emerge one after another. BA.5 has become the dominant strain worldwide. Additionally, BA.2.75 is significantly increasing in some countries. Exploring their receptor binding and interspecies transmission risk is urgently needed. Herein, we examine the binding capacities of human and other 28 animal ACE2 orthologs covering nine orders towards S proteins of these sub-variants. The binding affinities between hACE2 and these sub-variants remain in the range as that of previous variants of concerns (VOCs) or interests (VOIs). Notably, R493Q reverse mutation enhances the bindings towards ACE2s from humans and many animals closely related to human life, suggesting an increased risk of cross-species transmission. Structures of S/hACE2 or RBD/hACE2 complexes for these sub-variants and BA.2 S binding to ACE2 of mouse, rat or golden hamster are determined to reveal the molecular basis for receptor binding and broader interspecies recognition.
Determining the metabolic effects of dietary fat, sugars and fat-sugar interaction using nutritional geometry in a dietary challenge study with male mice
Authors: Wali Jibran A. , Ni Duan , Facey Harrison J. W. , Dodgson Tim , Pulpitel Tamara J. , Senior Alistair M. , Raubenheimer David , Macia Laurence , Simpson Stephen J.
Published: July 2023

The metabolic effects of sugars and fat lie at the heart of the “carbohydrate vs fat” debate on the global obesity epidemic. Here, we use nutritional geometry to systematically investigate the interaction between dietary fat and the major monosaccharides, fructose and glucose, and their impact on body composition and metabolic health. Male mice (n = 245) are maintained on one of 18 isocaloric diets for 18–19 weeks and their metabolic status is assessed through in vivo procedures and by in vitro assays involving harvested tissue samples. We find that in the setting of low and medium dietary fat content, a 50:50 mixture of fructose and glucose (similar to high-fructose corn syrup) is more obesogenic and metabolically adverse than when either monosaccharide is consumed alone. With increasing dietary fat content, the effects of dietary sugar composition on metabolic status become less pronounced. Moreover, higher fat intake is more harmful for glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity irrespective of the sugar mix consumed. The type of fat consumed (soy oil vs lard) does not modify these outcomes. Our work shows that both dietary fat and sugars can lead to adverse metabolic outcomes, depending on the dietary context. This study shows how the principles of the two seemingly conflicting models of obesity (the “energy balance model” and the “carbohydrate insulin model”) can be valid, and it will help in progressing towards a unified model of obesity. The main limitations of this study include the use of male mice of a single strain, and not testing the metabolic effects of fructose intake via sugary drinks, which are strongly linked to human obesity.
Selenium-enriched peptides identified from selenium-enriched soybean protein hydrolysate: protective effects against heat damage in Caco-2 cells
Authors: Chen Xinwei , Liu Wanlu , Zhang Jian , Li He , Liu Xinqi
Published: July 2023

Selenium-enriched peptides identified from the hydrolysate alleviate heat damage by reducing intestinal epithelial cell permeability, protecting tight junction proteins, and regulating Nrf2-Keap1 and NLRP3 signaling pathways.
Lychee pulp phenolics fermented by mixed lactic acid bacteria strains promote the metabolism of human gut microbiota fermentation in vitro
Authors: Tang Shuying , Luo Nan , Zeng Qingzhu , Dong Lihong , Zhang Ruifen , He Shan , Nag Anindya , Huang Fei , Su Dongxiao
Published: July 2023

Lactic acid bacteria fermentation and colon fermentation can promote the release of phenolics from lychee pulp, and gut microbiota featured excellent metabolism and transformation of lychee phenolics.
Advances in the application of metal–organic framework nanozymes in colorimetric sensing of heavy metal ions
Authors: Zhang Li , Bi Xiaoya , Liu Xiaohong , He Yi , Li Libo , You Tianyan
Published: July 2023

In this minireview, the preparation methods and catalytic mechanisms of MOFs-based nanozymes were mainly described. Furthermore, the applications of MOFs-based nanozymes in the colorimetric sensing platform of heavy metal ions were demonstrated.
Visible-light mediated synthesis of main-chain-type semifluorinated alternating terpolymers by NaI catalyzed START polymerization
Authors: Li Chaojie , Cheng Jiannan , Zhang Yi , Yu Qing , Yuan Zhiru , He Weiwei , Bao Xiaoguang , Zhang Lifen , Cheng Zhenping
Published: July 2023

A facile strategy for the synthesis of tailored main-chain-type semifluorinated terpolymers (AB1AB2)n was developed by START polymerization employing diiodoperfluoroalkanes as monomer A and two different α,ω-unconjugated dienes as monomers B1 and B2.
The interplay between hydrogen and halogen bonding: substituent effects and their role in the hydrogen bond enhanced halogen bond
Authors: Sun Jiyu , Decato Daniel A. , Bryantsev Vyacheslav S. , John Eric A. , Berryman Orion B.
Published: July 2023

The hydrogen bond enhanced halogen bond can be modulated by changing substituents on the HB or XB donor ring. Thus, distant substituents can impact nearby noncovalent interactions and this can be used as a viable approach for molecular design.
Phytonematode on Pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merrill) GP3 Clone With Symptoms of Pineapple mealybug wilt-associated virus (PMWaV)
Authors: Fatimatuzzahroh  , Kurniawati F , Damayanti TA , Basuki M , Ratdiana  , Masdiyawati
Published: July 2023

Pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr) is one of Indonesia’s important fruit commodities. Indonesia became the world’s fourth-largest pineapple producer in 2020. The monoculture cultivation system can lead to the continuous presence of pests and diseases in plantation areas. Mealybug wilt disease is caused by Pineapple mealybug wilt-associated virus (PMWaV) and its thought to be associated with phytomatodes. This study aims to determine the type of phytomatodes in pineapple plants with three health degrees: healthy plants, moderate symptoms, and severe symptoms. The soil and roots were sampled at 3, 5, 13, and 14 MAP (Month after Planting). Nematodes were extracted from the soil using the flotation-centrifugation method, while the root samples were extracted using the mist chamber method. Identification of nematode morphology was based on anterior (mouth and stylet shape), posterior (tail shape and reproductive organs), and the type of annulation or nematode cuticle surface. Seven genera of phytomatodes were identified from soil and root samples: Pratylenchus spp., Rotylenchulus spp., Meloidogyne spp., Helicotylenchus spp., Crinonemoides spp., Tylenchus spp., and Rotylenchus spp.. The dominant phytonematodes in the soil samples were Rotylenchulus spp. (66.67/100 ml of soil), while Pratylenchus spp. predominated in the roots (58.33/10 g of roots). Based on the three degrees of plant health, the phytonematodes that dominated the soil samples were Rotylenchulus spp. on the health degree of healthy and moderate symptoms, and Meloidogyne spp. dominate the sample at severe symptoms. Pratylenchus spp. dominated the root samples at healthy and severe symptoms, while Rotylenchulus spp. predominate in moderate symptomatic samples.
Insecticidal activity of fermented Calatropis gigantea L and Crescentea cujete L. extract combination against rice pests and natural enemies
Authors: Sjam Sylvia , Rosmana A. , Vien S.D. , Sulaeha T. , Farida  , Agung Muh. , Adhyaksa H.
Published: July 2023

Farmer’s use of synthetic pesticides on rice is still high and therefore needs to be reduced. The study aims to examine the insecticidal activity of fermented C. gigantea and C. cujete extract mixture against pests and natural enemies and its impact on rice production. The extracts mixture was applied to the rice crop eight times with concentrations of 1%, 2.5%, 4.0% 5.5% and 7.5%. The results showed that all concentrations significantly reduced the S. Innotata and C. medinalis population and their damage intensity compared to the farmers’ treatment. However, these extracts did not adversely affect natural enemies, like Coccinellidae, Aranea, Zygoptera and Paederinae families, and tended to increase rice production. Therefore, these data showed that the application of fermented two-extract combinations was effective in controlling rice pests without any impact on natural enemies.
Ensuring household food security through enhanced production of pechay (Brassica rapa L.) as influenced by different levels of carbonized rice hull integration
Authors: Gonzaga N R , Gonzaga A B , Silverio B G S , Pabellon J M L , Taylaran R D , Montecalvo L L C
Published: July 2023

Household gardens have been a staple of many rural areas in the region. However, due to limited space, a need to intensify productivity while maintaining our natural resources has risen to the forefront of research innovativeness. The productivity and economic efficiency of pechay applied with varying rates of carbonized rice hull (CRH) were evaluated from February 2021 to April 2021. The study was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with five (5) growing media as treatments (T1 - garden soil with the recommended rate of NPK; T2 - growing media (GM) consisting of mixtures of garden soil, chicken dung, and coco peat; T3 - GM + 5% CRH; T4 - GM + 10% CRH; and T5 - GM + 15% CRH) with three (3) replications. Results revealed that the integration of 5% CRH with specialized mixed growing media (T3) significantly increased yield attaining 102.13 kg per 100 m2. Utilization of specialized growing media (T2, T3, T4, and T5) either with or without integration of CRH has higher dry matter yield which was significantly higher than plants harvested from plots grown with purely garden soil. Cost and return analysis revealed that pechay production utilizing the specialized growing media with the integration of 10% CRH obtained the highest return of expenses of Php 2.57 which was significantly higher than the rest of the treatments. The study concludes that the addition of 10% CRH to specialized mixed media is promising based on its yield performance and return on cost invested, thus, it is highly recommended.
Recording and Conceptualising Cultural Values in Landscape: The Travelling Transect-based Drawing approach
Authors: Godwin Emmanuel J , Ophylia Vinodhini G
Published: July 2023

Landscape conservation should follow a holistic approach to record and conceptualising cultural values in a larger context. Stephenson’s ‘Cultural Values’ model helps in the conceptualization of three components of values as Forms, Relationships and Practices across space and time. The current study intends to record and conceptualise the cultural values in a landscape. Based on the travelling transect-based drawing approach, the current study narrates the researcher’s observations and experiences on three train trips between the cities. During these trips, the researcher thinks, draws, and writes as much of what one could observe and experience along the travel. The study outcomes include several analytical drawings and textual narratives that express significant tangible features, relationships, and practices as values of the landscape. The application of the travelling transect-based drawing approach helps in recording and conceptualising the values of the landscape; it can therefore instigate the “systems thinking” approach as the knowledge of natural and cultural systems beyond space and time. The knowledge also helps address the challenges that include conservation-development conflicts in historically urban areas of India and evoke appropriate interventions to several conservation and planning practices. Such a skillset would further enhance one’s analytical thinking abilities towards listing the unprotected natural and cultural heritage in historic urban landscape areas.
Application of geoinformatics to classify the landcover from satellite imagery using NDVI – A case of peri-urban regions of Southern Chennai
Authors: Narayani A R , Nagalakshmi R , Pakrasi Debanjan
Published: July 2023

The peri-urban regions of the Indian cities are growing at a rapid rate, engulfing all the available lands in their vicinity. It is vital to map the changes that occur in the available green areas to plan for sustainable urban environments and ecosystems. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is a graphical indicator that utilizes multispectral remote sensing techniques for the classification of land cover. The aim of the current study is to use the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) tools and its indices to classify the land cover in the areas of interest. For this study, the primary data collection includes the identification of the study area, collection of the toposheets from the Survey of India and satellite images from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) for the study year 2021. The methodology includes the acquisition of data, image processing, application of NDVI technique, accuracy assessment and the presentation of results. For this exercise, the land cover has been classified under three categories namely, water, land and vegetation. The analytical outcomes segregated 30.06 sq.km (3%) area as water bodies, 152.85 sq.km (15%) as land/barren area and 821.97 sq.km (82%) as areas covered with vegetation, out of the total study area of 1004.88 sq. km. The obtained results were validated through field visits and ground truthing method. The accuracy assessment produced an overall accuracy of 91% with a kappa coefficient value of 0.87. Since the peri-urban areas are under constant transformation, it is challenging and time-consuming to physically map the landcover, especially with the lack on definite boundaries. Hence, the current study recommends that NDVI can be used as an effective technique for the classification of Landsat imagery in the constantly-evolving peri-urban regions.