bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MANAJEMEN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA UNIVERSITAS KUTAI KARTANEGARA
Authors: Achmad Sjafruddin , Hasbi Sjamsir  , Susilo
Published: January 2022

Education is a government effort to educate the people of Indonesia, as mandated in the opening of the Constitution 1945, Human resources education is an important factor for the success of an education that must be managed with the most, because with the management of human resources education this educational institution can produce quality graduatesto realize the quality of the college graduates are required a qualified HR lecturer through the management of human resources in the University of Kutai Kartanegara. Human Resource Management (MSDM) is managing recruitment, selection, awarding, efforts to maintain assessment and promotion of personnel to gain the welfare or sanction of the institutions. The research objectives are: (1) to describe the mechanism of HR recruitment. 2 To describe the efforts to increase HR capability. (3) to describe the HR career level. (4) to describe the welfare of human resources. (5) to describe the process of termination or termination of human resources at Kutai Kartanegara University. This method of research uses a case study method with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques are conducted with; Interviews, observations, photography, and documentation. Data was analyzed by the interactive model Milles Huberman (1994), namely; Data collection, data reduction, display data, and conclusion. Data validity checks are conducted to test credibility, transferability, dependability and confirmability. The results of the study found (1) Therecruitment of resources lecturer in education and teaching is determined by the quality of lecturers. (2) Improving the resource capability of lecturers measured through performance. 3 Career Enhancement lecturer conducted with the implementation of college followers (4) Lecturers get guaranteed income, based on the performance report of lecturers (5) dismissal and sanctions system and award based monitoring, performance of lecturers using a written record system.
PENGARUH MEDIA AUDIO VISUALTERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN KOGNITIF ANAK USIA DINI DI TK CENDRAWASIH SAMARINDA
Authors: Masruhim Muh. Amir , Elin  , Palenewen Evie
Published: January 2022

Media audio visual merupakan media yang dapat menstimulus perkembangan kemampuan kognitif anak dengan anak mampu mengenal benda berdasarkan warna dan bentuk, menyebutkan benda berdasarkan warna dan bentuk, dan mengklasifikasikan benda berdasarkan warna dan bentuk. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah media audio berpengaruh terhadap perkembangan kognitif anak. penelitian ini menggunakan desain pra-eksperimen jenis one group pretest-postest design. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah 35 anak dengan sampel sebanyak 10 anak. teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis data uji statistik. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan setelah diberi perlakuan meningkat hingga 45,1%, pada awal saat pretest perkembangan kognitif anak 40,18%, kemudian pada saat postest meningkat jadi 85,28%. Dari penjelasan tersebut dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa media audio visual memberikan pengaruh terhadap perkembangan kognitif anak kelas B1 usia 5-6 Tahun di TK Cendrawasih Samarinda.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN MOTORIK HALUS ANAK MELALUI KEGIATAN MONTASE USIA 5-6 TAHUN DI TK BARUNAWATI 3 SAMARINDA
Authors: Anggawati Setia , Sujiman Sujiman , Rozie Fachrul
Published: January 2022

Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan dilapangan terhadap kemampuan motorik halus anak di TK. Barunawati 3 Samarinda masih rendah.  Penelitian ini tindakan kelas (classroom action research) menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif dan kualitatif. bertujuan untuk perkembangan motorik halus anak dengan kegiatan montase. Hasil penelitian ini melalui 3 siklus, Penelitian dilakukan sebanyak tiga siklus, setiap siklus terdiri dari tahap perencanaan, tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Hasil  penelitian pada siklus I, II, dan III menunjukan bahwa terdapat peningkatan kemampuan motorik halus anak setelah pemberian kegiatan montase. di TK. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukkan perolehan jumlah nilai pada siklus I yaitu 151 perolehan nilai rata-rata yaitu 38%. Pada siklus II yaitu 246,5% perolehan nilai rata-rata yaitu 62%. Pada siklus III yaitu 350,5% nilai rata-rata yaitu 88% dengan kriteria berkembang sangat baik. Berdasarkan data tersebut di atas, dapat disimpulkan kegiatan montase dapat meningkatan kemampuan motorik halus anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK. Barunawati 3 samarinda.
PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN SENTRA DALAM PENGEMBANGAN KECERDASAN LOGIKA MATEMATIKA ANAK USIA DINI DI TK ISLAMIC CENTER SAMARINDA
Authors: Rahardjo Budi , Jayanti Titi Dwi , Satriana Malpaleni
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji lebih mendalam suatu data primer dan sekunder tertentu yaitu: Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Sentra Dalam Pengembangan Kecerdasan Logika Matematika Anak Usia 5-6 tahun di TK Islamic Center Samarinda. Pengumpulan data di lakukan dengan metode observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan perencanaan yang dilakukan guru dalam penerapan model pembelajaran sentra dalam pengembangan kecerdasan Logika Matematika anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK Islamic Center Samarinda dilakukan dalam pembuatan RPPM dan RPPH, dengan pelaksanaan yang meliputi 4 pijakan yaitu pijakan lingkungan main, pijakan sebelum main, pijakan selama main, dan pijakan sesudah main semua sentra mengenalkan bentuk geometri pada kecerdasan logika matematika yang di kembangkan bisa teridentifikasi dari jenis main yang di tawarkan oleh pendidik. Hasil yang dicapai anak usia dini dari model pembelajaran sentra dalam pengembangan kecerdasan Logika Matematika pada anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK Islamic Center Samarinda yaitu Berkembang Sesuai Harapan.
Pemetaan Tingkatan Cuaca Ekstrim Masing-Masing Kecamatan di Kota Kupang
Authors: Rahmawati Arfita , Theo Tomi Pamungkas Bella , Partini Dwi
Published: January 2022

Extreme weather is one of the natural disasters that occur in Kupang City, East Nusa Tenggara Province. Like other natural disasters, extreme weather also has a detrimental impact on people's lives. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of extreme weather levels in each sub-district in Kupang City with mapping. This research is included in quantitative descriptive research, then the population and the sample used is Kupang City. The data collection method used the Landsat 8 OLI image interpretation and the data trajectory model. The data analysis technique used overlay analysis with the division of three classes of extreme weather levels, low, medium, and high. Based on the research results, it is 79.53% or with an area of 143.399 km2, Kupang is included in the extreme weather area with high criteria. The sub-district has the largest percentage range of high-level extreme weather in Kupang City is the Kota Lama sub-district. Meanwhile, the sub-district has the largest percentage of area to extreme weather with a low level is Alak sub-district.
"Put Your Own House in Order First”: Local Perceptions of EU Influence on Romani Integration Policies in the Czech Republic
Authors: Cashman Laura
Published: January 2022

This article examines the influence of the European Union (EU) on the development and implementation of Romani integration policy in the Czech Republic from the perspective of those responsible for policy delivery. Based on analysis of key policy documents and research conducted in the Czech Republic, this article first examines how Romani integration became a more important issue during membership negotiations and then discusses how the criticism of the European Commission’s Regular Reports was received by those responsible for implementing pro-Romani policies. Finally, the paper assesses how the status of full EU membership has impacted on integration policy. The article concludes that while funding for Romani integration projects has benefitted some groups, the overall impression of the EU is of a remote institution, quick to criticise and unwilling to practise what it preaches.
Research Notes: The Integration of European Mortgage Laws
Authors: Sanders Rebecca
Published: January 2022

This article has been written by a student participant of the ‘Legal Research Methodologies in European Union and International Law’ workshop series as detailed in the three Research Notes - 'Legal Research Methodologies in European Union and International Law', by Tamara Hervey, Rob Cryer, Bal Sokhi-Bulley .  The article introduces the student’s PhD project and details some of the methodological research issues which the AHRC funded workshops have helped the student to address.
KONTRIBUSI LOCUS OF CONTROL DAN KEPUASAN KERJA TERHADAP KOMITMEN ORGANISASI KARYAWAN WARALABA DI KOTA MANADO
Authors: Nento Shinta
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTThis study aims to examine and measure the contribution of locus of control and job satisfaction to organizational commitment among employees of a franchise that is currently popular in Manado City. The research used survey method with quantitative approach, measurement and structural equation modeling (SEM) testing using SmartPLS 3.2 software. The results showed that locus of control and job satisfaction contributed positively and indirectly to employee organizational commitment. Based on the research findings, it can be taken in the recruitment process to consider the locus of control and job satisfaction values of prospective employees.Keywords: Locus of Control, Job Satisfaction, and Organizational Commitment ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan menguji dan mengukur kontribusi locus of control dan kepuasan kerja terhadap komitmen organisasi pada karyawan salah satu waralaba yang sedang populer di Kota Manado. Penelitian dengan metode survei pendekatan kuantitatif, pengukuran dan pengujian Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) menggunakan software SmartPLS 3.2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa locus of control dan kepuasan kerja berkontribusi positif dan signifikan secara langsung ataupun tidak langsung terhadap komitmen organisasi karyawan. Berdasarkan temuan penelitian, maka dapat direkomendasikan dalam proses perekrutan karyawan mempertimbangkan nilai locus of control dan nilai kepuasan kerja calon karyawan.Kata kunci: Locus of Control, Kepuasaan Kerja, dan Komitmen Organisasi
ANALISIS FAKTOR PSIKOLOGIS DAN STRATEGI COPING STRES MAHASISWA MENIKAH PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID 19
Authors: Palintan Tien Asmara
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTCurrently, the number of married students in higher education is increasing from year to year. The roles played by students and housewives are very susceptible to causing stress for students. Interestingly, even though the COVID-19 pandemic is currently hitting, this has no impact on the student's decision-making process in getting married. This study aims to explore more deeply related psychological factors that influence student marriage decision making and find out the stress coping strategies developed by these students when facing pressure as a student with the status of being a wife and housewife. The research approach is qualitative phenomenology involving six students as research subjects. The data collection process was carried out by in-depth interviews and observation. The results of the study found that psychological factors that influenced student decision-making to marry during the COVID-19 pandemic were motivation, perception, learning, and attitude. Stress coping strategies developed by students to deal with the pressure (stress) they face are intropunitive, defensive, introversive, interactive, and impressive.Keywords: psychological factors, stress coping, student married  ABSTRAKSaat ini jumlah mahasiswa menikah pada Perguruan Tinggi meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Peran yang dijalani sebagai mahasiswa dan ibu rumah tangga sangat rentan menyebabkan stres bagi mahasiswa. Menariknya, meski saat ini pandemic COVID 19 sedang melanda, namun hal ini tidak berdampak pada proses pengambilan keputusan mahasiswa dalam melakukan pernikahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi lebih dalam terkait faktor psikologis yang mempengaruhi pengambilan keputusan mahasiswa menikah dan mengetahui strategi copign stres yang dikembangkan mahasiswa tersebut ketika menghadapi tekanan sebagai seorang mahasiswa dengan status menjadi istri atau ibu rumah tangga. Pendekatan penelitian adalah kualitatif fenomenologi yang melibatkan enam orang mahasiswa sebagai subjek penelitian. Proses pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam (in depth interview) dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menemukan faktor psikologis yang mempengaruhi pengambilan keputusan mahasiswa untuk menikah pada masa pandemic COVID 19 adalah motivasi, persepsi, belajar dadn sikap. Strategi coping stres yang dikembangkan mahasiswa untuk menghadapi tekanan (stres) yang dihadapi adalah intropunitive,defensivenes, intropersistive,, interpersistive, dan Impersistive.Kata Kunci: faktor psikologis, coping stres, mahasiswa menikah
PERAN MEDI ASI MODAL PSI KOLOGI S: HUBUNGAN ANTARA KEPEMI MPI NAN AUTENTI K DAN KOMI TMEN ORGANI SASI ONAL STUDI PADA RUMAH SAKI T JI WA DAERAH SURAKARTA DAN RUMAH SAKI T PKU MUHAMMADI YAH SURAKARTA
Authors: Sekar Palupi Yosephin Dila Sintka , Budiadi Nang Among , . Sugiyarmasto , Yulandari Ariefah
Published: January 2022

This study aims to examine the mediating role of pshychological capital in the rlationship between authentic leadership and organizational commitment. Organizational commitment is an important factor in improving hospital performance. Commitment as a type of pshchological bond that reflects the dedication and responbility of employees to the work targets and goals of the hospital so that when organizational commitment is built the hospital will lead to various beneficial results. Data was obtained through distributing questionnaires to employees who worked at Surakarta Regional Mental Hospital and PKU Muhammadiyah Surakarta Hospital. The research sample used amounted to 159. The sampling technique used in this study was the Cluster Sampling technique. Hypothesis testing is done using regression analysis with mediating variables. The results in this study indicate that authentic leadership has a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment, authentic leadership has a positive and significant effect on psychological capital, psychological capital has a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment. This means psychological capital mediates the relationship between authentic leadership and psychological capital
Guru Honorer dalam Lingkaran Ketidakadilan
Authors: Fauzan Gagan Aditya
Published: January 2022

This study aims to examine the value of justice for honorary teachers in the world of work and highlight various policies and issues that have strengthened in recent years from an ethical, legal, and human rights perspective. The method in this study is a qualitative method by conducting a literature review. The basic paradigm adopted is Justice as Fairness proposed by John Rawls. Sources of data that are used as references are books, secondary data, observations, and legislation related to research issues with the main reference book being A Theory of Justice as the result of John Rawls's thinking. This research is expected to provide an overview of the reality experienced by honorary teachers in the world of work, provide moral support for the struggle of honorary teachers in Indonesia, and insert an ethical perspective on the problems of honorary teachers in Indonesia. Some of the findings in this study are that the Ministry of Education and Culture as the institution that oversees honorary teachers creates a condition of circumstances of justice where it is necessary to apply the principles of social justice to create social cooperation, as well as a fair distribution of primary values ​​so that it does not cause economic inequality and can fulfill life. worthy. Besides being ethically unfair, the legal perspective also shows that there are still many parts of the law that have not been reflected on honorary teachers as workers.
Penggunaan Metode Pembelajaran Demonstrasi pada Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas V.A SD Negeri 114/X Pandan Jaya
Authors: Sutiban Sutiban
Published: January 2022

This study aims to disclose information and discuss the use of Demonstration Learning Methods in Islamic Religious Education Subjects in an Effort to Improve Student Learning Outcomes for Class V.A SD Negeri 114/X Pandan Jaya. This research is included in the type of classroom action research (CAR). This research was carried out in this research was carried out at SD Negeri 114/X Pandan Jaya. The time of this research was carried out in the odd semester of the academic year 2021 - 2022, which began in September 2021. The subjects in this study were class V.A students, totaling 25 people. The research procedure consisted of two cycles with four stages of research starting from planning, implementing, observing and reflecting. Data collection in this study was carried out using observation sheets, field notes, learning outcomes test sheets, and documents. The data were analyzed using the percentage formula.The results of this study indicate that through Demonstration Learning in Islamic Education Subjects can improve student learning outcomes in class VA SD Negeri 114/X Pandan Jaya which is marked by an increase from pre-cycle (20%), cycle I (60%), cycle II (80%).
Optimalisasi Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Tema Indahnya Kebersamaan Melalui Model Pembelajaran Jigsaw di Kelas IV.B SD Negeri 114/X Pandan Jaya
Authors: Handoyo Adi
Published: January 2022

Penelitian Ini Bertujuan Untuk Mengungkapkan Informasi Dan Membahas Tentang Optimalisasi Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Tema Indahnya Kebersamaan Melalui Model Pembelajaran Jigsaw Di Kelas IV.B SD Negeri 114/X Pandan Jaya. Penelitian Ini Termasuk Dalam Jenis Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Penelitian Ini Dilaksanakan Di Penelitian Ini Dilaksanakan Di SD Negeri 114/X  Pandan Jaya. Waktu Penelitian Ini Dilaksanakan Pada Semester Ganjil Tahun Pelajaran 2021 - 2022, Yang Dimulai Pada Bulan Juli 2021. Subjek Dalam Penelitian Ini Adalah Siswa Kelas IV.B Yang Berjumlah 26 Orang. Prosedur Penelitian Terdiri Dari Dua Siklus Dengan Empat Tahap Peneletian Mulai Dari Perencanaan, Pelaksanaan, Observasi Dan Refleksi. Pengumpulan Data Dalam Penelitian Ini Dilakukan Dengan Menggunakan Lembar Observasi, Catatan Lapangan, Lembar Tes Hasil Belajar, Dan Dokumen. Data Dianalisis Dengan Menggunakan Rumus Persentase. Hasil Penelitian Ini Menunjukkan Bahwa Melalui Model Pembelajaran Jigsaw Pada Pada Tema Indahnya Kebersamaan Dapat Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Di Kelas IV.B SD Negeri 114/X Pandan Jaya Yang Ditandai Oleh Meningkatnya Dari Pra Siklus (27%), Siklus I (63%), Siklus II (85%).
Optimalisasi Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Word Square untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Tema Makanan Sehat di Kelas V SD Negeri 168/X Pandan Sejahtera
Authors: Samdi Nopri
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan informasi dan membahas tentang Optimalisasi Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Word Square Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Tema Makanan Sehat Di Kelas V SD Negeri 168/X Pandan Sejahtera. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam jenis penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SD Negeri 168/X Pandan Sejahtera.  Waktu penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada semester ganjil tahun pelajaran 2021 - 2022, yang dimulai pada bulan September 2021. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V yang berjumlah 21 orang. Prosedur penelitian terdiri dari dua siklus dengan empat tahap peneletian mulai dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik catatan lapangan, lembar kerja siswa, tes tertulis, dan dokumen. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan rumus persentase.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Melalui Model Pembelajaran Word Square Pada Tema Makanan Sehat dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa di kelas V SD Negeri 168/X Pandan Sejahtera yang ditandai oleh meningkatnya dari pra siklus (14%), siklus I (57%), siklus II (91%).
Penerapan Media Video dengan Model E-Learning (Daring) dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPS Materi Globalisasi dan Nasionalisme pada Siswa Kelas IX MTs Negeri 9 Aceh Timur Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021
Authors: Amri Khairul
Published: January 2022

This research is an effort to Improve Social Studies Learning Outcomes through the E-Learning Model with Video Media for Class IX Students at MTs Negeri 9 Aceh Timur. Giving assignments without any learning materials delivered by the teacher causes social studies learning outcomes to be relatively low or still below the KBM, which is 75. This study uses Classroom Action Research (CAR) in the form of implementing an e-learning model with video media with the aim of improving student learning outcomes for Class IX MTs Negeri 9 Aceh Timur which consists of two cycles and each cycle consists of planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The research subjects were students of Class IX of MTs Negeri 9 Aceh Timur. The number of students was 29 students, consisting of 10 male students and 19 female students. The results showed that the application of the e-learning model with video media could improve social studies learning outcomes for Class IX students of MTs Negeri 9 Aceh Timur. Judging from the results of the pre-cycle students who completed KBM only 14 students (48.3%) and 15 students (51 ,7%) which has not been completed. In the first cycle there are 24 students (82.8%) who have completed and 5 students (17.2%) have not completed, and in the second cycle there are 26 students (89.7%) who have completed and there are 3 students (10.3 %) unfinished. From the increase in learning outcomes, this classroom action research was stopped in cycle II because it had achieved the classical completeness criteria, namely 85% of the total number of students who had completed learning and were declared successful in improving social studies learning outcomes for Class IX students of MTs Negeri 9 Aceh Timur in the 2020/2021 academic year. .
Frames COVID-19 no Estado de Emergência: análise dos editoriais de três jornais portugueses
Authors: Fontes Francisco
Published: January 2022

Este artigo analisa os editoriais que três media portugueses publicaram sobre a COVID-19, procurando perceber os modos como o tema é enquadrado e percecionado no discurso público.

Se o editorial é o género jornalístico que expressa a ideologia do jornal, através dele pode vislumbrar-se que mensagens, interpretações e posicionamentos são assumidos e colocados à discussão no espaço público.

Os três media escolhidos foram o jornal diário Público, a revista semanal Visão e o semanário regional da Beira Baixa Reconquista, todos eles de informação generalista. Dos dois de difusão nacional foram selecionados os editoriais das edições impressa e digital, e do regional, de inspiração cristã, apenas os da edição em papel. Definiram-se dois períodos de análise durante o Estado de Emergência, março de 2020 e janeiro de 2021, meses do primeiro e do segundo confinamento geral da população. O corpus é constituído por 48 editoriais, 30 do primeiro confinamento e 18 do segundo, sendo 41 do Público, cinco da Visão e dois do Reconquista.

Da análise realizada conclui-se que do primeiro para o segundo período se alteram os temas e enquadramentos (frames), e que o posicionamento maioritariamente positivo, em março de 2020, muda para negativo em janeiro de 2021, a penalizar as falhas na gestão política e sanitária da pandemia.
Contributions to a semiotics of religion: the semiosis from sign to meaning
Authors: Barroso Paulo
Published: January 2022

This article approaches theoretically the religious experience in toto. Considering the semiotics applied to religion, contributions to understand and recognize the relevance of this discipline are proposed. Such approach to the semiotics of religion justifies the aim of the article: to understand the meaning structures of religious experiences. These experiences are diverse, intimate, subjective, but all have an idea of the “transcendent” as a referent and they are based on structures of meaning, expressions, and representations of the sacred, forms, uses and interpretations of religious signs, systems of collective thought and symbolic action. It is intended to advocate that: 1) the semiotics of religion is an interdisciplinary branch of social sciences and humanities and a sort of semiotics of culture; religion is a form of culture, as well communication and social meaning; 2) religion is a semiotic phenomenon; it is sustained by signs, representations, processes of signification and cultural construction of the world, without which there could be no religion. This is followed by a conceptual, theoretical strategy of critical discussion of the structures of meaning on which manifest culture is based through what we say or do, the way we behave and the attitude we have towards signs.
UMURTQASIZLAR ZOOLOGIYASI FANIDAN AMALIY MAShG‘ULOTLAR
Authors: viaScience
Published: January 2022

Mazkur o‘quv qo‘llanma Tabiiy fanlar 5140100 – Biologiya ta’lim yo‘nalishi uchuno‘qitiladigan Umurtqasizlar zoologiyasi fani uchun ajratilgan vaqt hajmi doirasida, o‘quv reja vao‘quv dasturiga muvofiq yozilgan.Biologiya yo‘nalishi bo‘yicha malakali mutaxassislar tayyorlash tizimida umurtqasizlarzoologiyasi fanining tutgan o‘rni yuqori bo‘lib, o‘qituvchining dunyoqarashini shakllantirishdava er yuzida tarqalgan hayvonlar turlarini hisobga olish, biologik xilma-xillikni saqlab qolishmasalalarini o‘rganishda, nodir hayvon turlarini asrab qolish bilan bog‘liq chora-tadbirlarnibelgilashda, ushbu fanning ahamiyati katta.O‘quv qo‘llanma barcha tabiiy fanlar yo‘nalishidagi talabalarga, magistrlarga, malakaoshirish tinglovchilariga va tabiatga qiziquvchi keng kitobxonlar ommasiga mo‘ljallangan.
The Common Coordinate Framework (CCF) Organ VR Gallery
Authors: Bueckle Andreas , Browne Kristen M. , Herr Bruce W , Börner Katy
Published: January 2022

The CCF Organ VR Gallery lets the user explore 21 human organs, journeying from the Whole Body, to the Organ, to the Cell stage and back, presented in real-world size and 3D. The user discovers hidden regions by exploding and collapsing organs into their individual anatomical structures. We show cell type populations for a kidney using a data-driven dot density visualization. The organ models were developed to map trillions of cells for the Human BioMolecular Atlas Program (HuBMAP).
A Practical Guide to Lesion Symptom Mapping
Authors: Moore Margaret
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this guide is to provide a detailed overview of everything researchers need to think about and do when conducting lesion symptom mapping (LSM) analysis. This guide includes step-by-step instructions for data collection, lesion delineation, lesion normalisation, LSM, secondary analyses, results interpretation, and write-up. All original scripts and analysis tools referenced in this guide are openly availible on the Open Science Framework.
Using deep learning to predict ideology from facial photographs: Expressions, beauty, and extra-facial information
Authors: Rasmussen Stig Hebbelstrup Rye , ludeke steven , Klemmensen Robert
Published: January 2022

Deep learning techniques can use common public data such as facial photographs to predict sensitive personal information, but little is known about what information contributes to the predictive success of these techniques. This lack of knowledge limits both the public’s ability to protect against revealing unintended information as well as the scientific utility of deep learning results. We combine convolutional neural networks, heat maps, facial expression coding, and classification of identifiable features such as masculinity and attractiveness in our study of political ideology in 3323 Danes. Predictive accuracy from the neural network was 61% in each gender. Model-predicted ideology correlated with aspects of both facial expressions (happiness vs neutrality) and morphology (specifically, attractiveness in females). Heat maps highlighted the informativeness of areas both on and off the face, pointing to methodological refinements and the need for future research to better understand the significance of certain facial areas.
Finding pattern in the noise: Persistent implicit statistical knowledge impacts the processing of unpredictable stimuli
Authors: Kóbor Andrea , Janacsek Karolina , Hermann Petra , Zavecz Zsofia , Varga Vera , Csépe Valéria , Vidnyánszky Zoltán , Kovacs Gyula , Nemeth Dezso
Published: January 2022

Humans can extract statistical regularities of the environment to predict upcoming events. Previous research recognized that implicitly acquired statistical knowledge remained persistent and continued to influence behavior even when the regularities were no longer present in the environment. Here, in an fMRI experiment, we investigated how the persistence of statistical knowledge is represented in the brain. Participants (N = 32) completed a visual four-choice reaction time task consisting of statistical regularities. Two types of blocks constantly alternated with one another throughout the task: Predictable statistical regularities in one block type and unpredictable ones in the other. Participants were unaware of the statistical regularities and their changing distribution across the blocks. Yet, they acquired the statistical regularities and showed significant statistical knowledge at the behavioral level not only in the predictable blocks but also in the unpredictable ones, albeit to a smaller extent. Brain activity in a range of cortical and subcortical areas, including the early visual cortex, the insula, the right inferior frontal gyrus, and the right globus pallidus/putamen contributed to the acquisition of statistical regularities. The right insula, inferior frontal gyrus, and hippocampus as well as the bilateral angular gyrus seemed to play a role in maintaining this statistical knowledge. The results altogether suggest that statistical knowledge could be exploited in a relevant, predictable context as well as transmitted to and retrieved in an irrelevant context without a predictable structure.
Impacts of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Online Security Behavior within the UK Educational Industry.
Authors: Arogbodo Mololuwa
Published: January 2022

The emergence of the Covid19 pandemic has caused the shutdown of university activities on campus in the UK. There has been a migration of learning, teaching and assessment (LTA) into online virtual environments. This in turn resulted in a spike in cyber-attacks across educational businesses, as they seemed more vulnerable due to inadequate security systems that would facilitate online learning. In this research, the impact of the corona virus pandemic on the security behavior of academic businesses is uncovered. This is done by comparing the pre-pandemic annual cyber security survey with the peak and post-pandemic survey, i.e., 2019, 2020 and 2021 respectively. Findings from this research demonstrate that the pandemic brought about a rise in cyber-attack, which made universities prioritize security, and add defensive measures to ease online learning. Overall, the post-pandemic statistics suggests that educational businesses have improved their systems with adequate security measures, which makes the migration to online learning safe. That said, cyber attackers are innovative and will continue to impose a threat to these institutions. Therefore, improving security systems is a continuous process even when the pandemic put under control significantly or even eradicated.
Spatial Reasoning in early childhood
Authors: Gifford Sue , Gripton Catherine , Williams Helen , Lancaster Andrea , Bates Kathryn E , Williams Ashley Yvette , Gilligan-Lee Katie Anne , Borthwick Alison , Farran Emily Kate
Published: January 2022

This document is about how children develop spatial reasoning in early childhood (birth to 7 years) and how practitioners working with young children can support this. Spatial reasoning is a vital and often overlooked aspect of mathematics. So this toolkit, which is informed by extensive review of research in this areas, will support practitioners to enhance children's early mathematical learning. For the full Spatial Reasoning toolkit: https://earlymaths.org/spatial-reasoning/
A quantitative model of ensemble perception as summed activation in feature space
Authors: Robinson Maria Martinovna , Brady Timothy F.
Published: January 2022

Ensemble perception is a process by which we extract and consolidate redundancies in the environment, getting the ‘gist’ of a set of objects. This ability to summarize complex scenes is thought to underlie our ability to construct robust memory representations, guide attention and classify features or objects when many objects are present. Despite the relevance of ensemble perception to everyday cognition, there are few computational models that provide a formal, process-level account of ensemble perception across a range of experimental conditions and stimuli. In the current work, we take a conceptually novel approach towards developing such a model. According to the proposed theory of how ensemble representations are computed, items evoke distributed patterns of familiarity over feature space (e.g., a color evokes a pattern of familiarity over all color channels), and ensemble representations reflect the global sum of these signals across all individual items. We leverage this set of minimal assumptions to formally connect a model of memory for individual items to a model for ensembles. Our approach involves using parameter estimates of performance on a visual memory task for individual items, to predict individual differences in performance on an ensemble continuous report task. That is, we account for the full distribution of errors on the ensemble task with zero free parameters. We evaluate our ensemble model against a set of newly developed alternative models in five ensemble tasks. Our top-down modeling approach is the first to formally unify models of memory for individual items and ensembles, and opens a novel venue for building and comparing models of distinct memory processes and representations. We discuss our model and results in the context of current theories and models of ensemble processing, gist memory and neural population coding.
Social Support, Self-efficacy, Self-esteem, and Well-being During COVID-19 Lockdown: A Two-wave Study of Danish Students
Authors: Ozer Simon
Published: January 2022

Societal lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic has transformed everyday life across the globe, including requirements of social distancing which might limit the social support people derive from social interaction. Social support has proven to be a vital resource for well-being and coping during societal challenges. The present study examines how social support is associated with perceived stress and life satisfaction through self-efficacy and self-esteem among Danish students (N = 204). These psychological constructs were examined both during and after lockdown, assessing the possible aversive psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results did not yield any significant changes in either the mean scores of the constructs or the indirect effects model across the two timepoints. Moreover, the results indicate that social support derived from a significant person, family, and friends—but not student peers—is negatively linked with perceived stress and positively associated with life satisfaction through both self-efficacy and self-esteem. Although societal lockdown did not yield significant psychological impact, the results highlight the importance of social support among students, both during and after lockdown.
Is a boat bigger than a ship? Null results in the investigation of vowel sound symbolism on size judgments in real language
Authors: Sidhu David Michael , Pexman Penny M.
Published: January 2022

Sound symbolism is the phenomenon by which certain kinds of phonemes are associated with perceptual and/or semantic properties. In this paper we explored size sound symbolism (i.e., the mil/mal effect) in which high-front vowels (e.g., /i/) show an association with smallness, while low-back vowels (e.g., /ɑ/) show an association with largeness. This has previously been demonstrated with nonwords, but its impact on the processing of real language is unknown. We investigated this using a size judgment task, in which participants classified words for small or large objects, containing a small- or large-associated vowel, based on their size. Words were presented auditorily in Experiment 1 and visually in Experiment 2. We did not observe an effect of vowel congruence (i.e., between object size and the size association of its vowel) in either of the experiments. This suggests that there are limits to the impact of sound symbolism on the processing of real language.
Validated tests for language research with university students: Tests of vocabulary, general knowledge, author recognition, reading comprehension, reading frequency, attention check
Authors: Vermeiren Hanke , Vandendaele Aaron , Brysbaert Marc
Published: January 2022

We present five studies aimed at developing a new vocabulary test for university students. Such a test isuseful as an indication of crystallized intelligence and because vocabulary size correlates well withreading comprehension. In the first study, a list of 100 words based on Nation’s Vocabulary Size Test waspresented to 195 participants and compared to other tests of crystallized intelligence. Analysis suggestedthe presence of two distinct factors, which we interpreted as evidence for the possible existence of twotypes of difficult words: Unfamiliar words for general knowledge and unfamiliar words for specializedknowledge. In the subsequent studies we tried to develop vocabulary tests for each type of words, at thesame time trying out various reading comprehension tests to use as validation criterion. However, in thefinal study a high correlation (r =.82) was found between our two vocabulary tests, indicating that theymeasure the same latent factor, contrary to our initial assumption. Both tests have high reliability (r >.85) and correlate well (r > .4) with general knowledge, author recognition, and reading comprehension.As part of our research efforts, a collection of new and existing tests was used and (often) improved toverify the validity of the vocabulary tests. An exploratory factor analysis on all tests established 3 factors(text comprehension, crystallized intelligence, and reading rate), with the vocabulary tests loading on thefactor of crystallized intelligence, which in turn correlated with reading comprehension. Structuralequation modeling corroborated the interpretation. We end by providing an overview of the differenttests that were developed or improved throughout the studies. They are freely available for researchpurposes at https://osf.io/ef3s4/.
Do nutrition knowledge, food preferences, and habit strength moderate the association between Preference for Intuition and Deliberation in Eating Decision-making and dietary intake?
Authors: Sproesser Gudrun , Aulbach Matthias , Gültzow Thomas , König Laura M
Published: January 2022

An intuitive style in eating decision-making, for example, basing decisions on one’s gut feeling, has been related to a less healthy diet, whereas deliberately deciding what to eat, such as making plans about eating behavior, has been related to a healthier diet. The present study investigated whether nutrition knowledge, food preferences, and habit strength for healthy and unhealthy eating moderate these relationships. In total, 1245 participants took part in a preregistered cross-sectional online survey. Results revealed that neither nutrition knowledge, nor liking of healthy or unhealthy foods, nor habit strength for healthy or unhealthy eating interacted with the preference for intuition or deliberation in eating decision-making in affecting dietary intake. Instead, including the potential moderating variables in analyses rendered the effect of a preference for intuition largely non-significant. In contrast, the positive effect of a preference for deliberation was largely stable even when including the potential moderating variables. Thus, the present study confirms the general health-promoting effect of a preference for deliberation in eating decision-making. In contrast, results speak in favor of a generally minor role of a preference for intuition for healthy or unhealthy eating.
How nature nurtures: Amygdala activity decreases as the result of a one-hour walk in nature
Authors: Sudimac Sonja , Sale Vera , Kühn Simone
Published: January 2022

Since living in cities is associated with an increased risk for mental disorders such as anxiety disorders, depression, and schizophrenia, it is essential to understand how exposure to urban and natural environments affects mental health and the brain. It has been shown that the amygdala is more activated during a stress task in urban compared to rural dwellers. However, no study so far has examined the causal effects of natural and urban environments on stress-related brain mechanisms. To address this question, we conducted an intervention study to investigate changes in stress-related brain regions as an effect of a one-hour walk in an urban (busy street) vs. natural environment (forest). Brain activation was measured in 63 healthy participants, before and after the walk, using a fearful faces task and a social stress task. Our findings reveal that amygdala activation decreases after the walk in nature, whereas it remains stable after the walk in an urban environment. These results suggest that going for a nature walk can have salutogenic effects on stress-related brain regions, and consequently, it may act as a preventive measure against mental strain and potentially disease. Given rapidly increasing urbanization, the present results aim to influence urban planning to create more accessible green areas and to adapt urban environments in a way that will be beneficial for citizens’ mental health.
Assessment of Feeding Practice among Mothers Attending the Immunisation Clinic of UCMS Hospital, Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Gupta Binod Kumar , Kafle Raju , Chaudhary Nagendra
Published: January 2022

INTRODUCTION: Practice of exclusive breast feeding has dramatically reduced infant mortality in developing countries due to reduction in diarrhea and infectious diseases. We conducted a study to assess the feeding practices among mothers with children less than 12 months of age attending the immunization clinic of UCMS hospital, Nepal.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out in the immunization clinic of Pediatric ward of UCMS, Nepal for a period of four months. Mothers of child of 0-12 months were included in the study. Sample size was 372 which was based on the number of mothers visited Pediatric ward for immunization of their child of age group 0-12 months during the duration of the study. Mothers were interviewed by using a pre-validated structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version-20 software and presented by descriptive statistics as frequency and percentages.
RESULTS: Most of the children were above six months, 56.5% were of 7-12 months of age group. Exclusive breastfeeding was done in 48.4% children for first six months. Maximum population preferred hospital as their mode of delivery. 93.5% mothers opted for hospital as their place of delivery. 23.4% mothers were illiterate. Night feeding was practiced by 96.2% mothers.
CONCLUSION: Breast feeding awareness must be spread among mothers by workshops and health education programs.
Study on the Prevalence and Associated Factors of Perceived Stress on COVID-19 Among Healthcare Providers in Rupandehi District Health Institutions, Western Nepal
Authors: Paudyal Sreya , Ghimire Sailaja , Khadka Yudhisthir Raj , Dhungana Manoj
Published: January 2022

INTRODUCTION: Healthcare providers (HCPs) though stood as front-liners during the crisis situation were not themselves immune to the psychological consequences due to COVID-19. The present study aimed to find the prevalence of perceived stress on COVID-19 pandemic and its associated factors among health care providers in Rupandehi district health institutions.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: This  cross- sectional study was conducted among the HCPs in the institutions of Rupandehi district in Western  Nepal, from August to November, 2020. Total 126 subjects were included and probability sampling technique was applied for sample collection. After written consent from participants socio-demographic data were collected and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) was applied.
RESULTS: The study showed the prevalence of perceived stress in COVID-19 HCPs found to be 65.1% considering score 20 as cut-off. Age, work place, precaution measures taken and staying with family were statistically significant with the perceived stress level (p<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression showed perceived stress level had statistically significant association with precaution means and work place of HCPs. Healthcare providers who had unsatisfactory precaution means followed at work were 2.66 times more likely to have perceived stress as compared to satisfactory precaution means as adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.66 (1.09-6.51). Healthcare providers who stayed with family members were 2.28 times more likely to have perceived stress level as AOR=2.28 (0.94-5.52).
CONCLUSION: The study showed increased prevalence of perceived stress among HCPs during the initial stage of COVID‐19 pandemic in Nepal. Considering the findings, there is urgent need to develop and implement appropriate stress management and coping strategies to the target group.
Awareness Regarding Chronic Kidney Disease Among Adults in a Hospital of Siddharthanagar Municipality
Authors: Ghimire Sulochana , Neupane Gita , Sah Chanda
Published: January 2022

INTRODUCTION: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been recognized as a leading public health problem worldwide. Early detection and management of the risk factors of CKD is helpful for its prevention and reduction of burden caused by it. This study aimed to find out the awareness regarding chronic kidney disease among adults in a hospital of Siddharthanagar Municipality.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Hospital based descriptive cross-sectional study was used to find out the awareness regarding chronic kidney disease among 165 adults attending Medical out patient department of Universal College of Medical Sciences, Bhairahawa, Rupandehi, Nepal from July 11 to July 25, 2021. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to assess the awareness level and its association with different socio-demographic variables.
RESULTS: The findings of the study showed that 57.6% of respondents had low level of awareness regarding chronic kidney disease. Respondents have high awareness on risk factors of chronic kidney disease whereas respondents have relatively low awareness on meaning and clinical features of chronic kidney disease.
CONCLUSION: On the basis of findings, it is concluded that more than half of the respondents have low awareness level regarding chronic kidney disease so an effort should be made to improve the awareness regarding chronic kidney disease for early identification and management of chronic kidney disease.