bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supercapacitor Assisted Hybrid PV System for Efficient Solar Energy Harnessing
Authors: Piyumal Kasun , Ranaweera Aruna , Kalingamudali Sudath , Kularatna Nihal
Published: October 2021

In photovoltaic (PV) systems, maximum power point (MPP) is tracked by matching the load impedance to the internal impedance of the PV array by adjusting the duty cycle of the associated DC-DC converter. Scientists are trying to improve the efficiency of these converters by improving the performance of the power stage, while limited attention is given to finding alternative methods. This article describes a novel supercapacitor (SC) assisted technique to enhance the efficiency of a PV system without modifying the power stage of the charge controller. The proposed system is an SC—battery hybrid PV system where an SC bank is coupled in series with a PV array to enhance the overall system efficiency. Developed prototype of the proposed system with SC assisted loss circumvention embedded with a DC microgrid application detailed in the article showed that the average efficiency of the PV system is increased by 8%. This article further describes the theoretical and experimental investigation of the impedance matching technique for the proposed PV system, explaining how to adapt typical impedance matching for maximum power transfer.
Enhancing Stability and Robustness of State-of-Charge Estimation for Lithium-Ion Batteries by Using Improved Adaptive Kalman Filter Algorithms
Authors: Zhang Fan , Yin Lele , Kang Jianqiang
Published: October 2021

The traditional Kalman filter algorithms have disadvantages of poor stability (the program cannot converge or crash), robustness (sensitive to the initial errors) and accuracy, partially resulted from the fact that noise covariance matrices in the algorithms need to be set artificially. To overcome the above problems, some adaptive Kalman filter (AKF) algorithms are studied, but the problems still remain unsolved. In this study, two improved AKF algorithms, the improved Sage-Husa and innovation-based adaptive estimation (IAE) algorithms, are proposed. Under the different operating conditions, the estimation accuracy, filter stability, and robustness of the two proposed algorithms are analyzed. Results show that the state of charge (SOC) Max error based on the improved Sage-Husa and the improved IAE is less than 3% and 1.5%, respectively, while the Max errors of the original algorithms is larger than 16% and 4% The two proposed algorithms have higher filter stability than the traditional algorithms. In addition, analyses of the robustness of the two proposed algorithms are carried out by changing the initial parameters, proving that neither are sensitive to the initial errors.
Comparative Study on the Cooling Characteristics of Different Fill Layout Patterns on a Single Air Inlet Induced Draft Cooling Tower
Authors: Deng Weipeng , Sun Fengzhong
Published: October 2021

To enhance the cooling capacity of a single air inlet induced draft cooling tower (SIDCT), the stepped fill layout pattern is proposed in this paper. A three-dimensional numerical model is established and validated by field measurement data. The cooling capacity of towers equipped with uniform fill and stepped fill is compared under various crosswind velocities (0 m/s–12 m/s) and crosswind angles (0°–180°). The results showed that the ventilation rate of the total tower with stepped fill is increased. Under the studied crosswind velocity and angle, the cooling capacity of the stepped fill tower is superior to the uniform fill tower. After using stepped fill, the mean drop of outlet water temperature rises by 0.29 °C, 0.27 °C, 0.17 °C, 0.10 °C, and 0.19 °C, corresponding to crosswind angles from 0° to 180°. The increment of cooling capacity is the maximum under the crosswind angles of 0° and 45° and is the minimum under the crosswind angles of 90° and 135°. The maximum increased value of N is 0.65 under the crosswind velocity of 4 m/s, 0.85 under 8 m/s, and 0.95 under 12 m/s.
Equivalent Parallel Strands Modeling of Highly-Porous Media for Two-Dimensional Heat Transfer: Application to Metal Foam
Authors: Dukhan Nihad
Published: October 2021

A new geometric modeling of isotropic highly-porous cellular media, e.g., open-cell metal, ceramic, and graphite foams, is developed. The modelling is valid strictly for macroscopically two-dimensional heat transfer due to the fluid flow in highly-porous media. Unlike the current geometrical modelling of such media, the current model employs simple geometry, and is derived from equivalency conditions that are imposed on the model’s geometry a priori, in order to ensure that the model produces the same pressure drop and heat transfer as the porous medium it represents. The model embodies the internal structure of the highly-porous media, e.g., metal foam, using equivalent parallel strands (EPS), which are rods arranged in a spatially periodic two-dimensional pattern. The dimensions of these strands and their arrangement are derived from equivalency conditions, ensuring that the porosity and the surface area density of the model and of the foam are indeed equal. In order to obtain the pressure drop and heat transfer results, the governing equations are solved on the geometrically-simple EPS model, instead of the complex structure of the foam. By virtue of the simple geometry of parallel strands, huge savings on computational time and cost are realized. The application of the modeling approach to metal foam is provided. It shows how an EPS model is obtained from an actual metal foam with known morphology. Predictions of the model are compared to experimental data on metal foam from the literature. The predicted local temperatures of the model are found to be in very good agreement with their experimental counterparts, with a maximum error of less than 11%. The pressure drop in the model follows the Forchheimer equation.
Field-Validated Communication Systems for Smart Microgrid Energy Management in a Rural Microgrid Cluster
Authors: Samanta Hiranmay , Das Abhijit , Bose Indrajt , Jana Joydip , Bhattacharjee Ankur , Bhattacharya Konika Das , Sengupta Samarjit , Saha Hiranmay
Published: October 2021

This paper demonstrates a smart energy management scheme for solar photovoltaic-biomass integrated grid-interactive microgrid cluster system. Three interconnected microgrids were chosen as a cluster of microgrids for validation of the proposed community energy management scheme. In this work, a Global System for Mobile (GSM)-based bidirectional communication technique was adopted for real-time coordination among the renewable energy sources and loads. To realize the common phenomenon of local grid outage in rural distribution networks, a practical case study is designed in this work. The optimized scheduling of the energy sources and loadsof different microgrids and the distribution grid were implemented to ensure zero loss of power supply probability (LPSP) for dynamic load profiles. The laboratory-scale prototype of the proposed microgrid clustering was first developed in this work by establishing real-time communication among multiple energy sources and loads through different energymeters located at different places inside the academic campus. The field validation was performed with a microgrid cluster consisting of 45 kWP solar photovoltaic, 50 kVA biogas plant, community loads in a village. The developed smart energy management solution is a generalized one and applicable to satisfy scalable community energy demands as well.
Antifungal Activity of Earthworm Coelomic Fluid Obtained from Eisenia andrei, Dendrobaena veneta and Allolobophora chlorotica on Six Species of Phytopathogenic Fungi
Authors: Ečimović Sandra , Vrandečić Karolina , Kujavec Martina , Žulj Martina , Ćosić Jasenka , Velki Mirna
Published: October 2021

The functioning of soil ecosystems greatly depends on the interactions occurring between soil biota communities. It is well known that earthworms are an important soil component that substantially affects its function, including their meaningful impact on the development of different phytopathogenic soil fungi. Phytopathogenic fungi are responsible for crop disease and cause great economic damage. It has previously been established that earthworms’ coelomic fluid can suppress the growth of phytopathogenic fungi, but the exact molecular mechanism is unknown. The present study aimed at broadening the proof of this observed phenomenon by investigating the effects of the coelomic fluid extract of three different earthworm species (Eisenia andrei, Dendrobaena veneta and Allolobophora chlorotica) on the growth of six different phytopathogenic fungi species (Berkeleyomyces basicola, Fusarium culmorum, Globisporangium irregulare, Rhizoctonia solani, Macrophomina phaseolina, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum). Coelomic fluid extract was obtained by electrostimulation or usage of extraction buffer (only in case of A. chlorotica) and prepared in three different concentrations by diluting the obtained coelomic fluid with physiological saline. The coelomic fluid extract of the three investigated earthworm species had an inhibitory effect on the growth of all six phytopathogenic fungi species. The greatest inhibitory effect was achieved with the E. andrei coelomic fluid extract reducing the growth of R. solani fungi. The findings of this research confirm the antifungal activity of coelomic fluid obtained from earthworm species belonging to different ecological categories and may be of potential use in crop protection against phytopathogenic fungi.
Fractionated Seminal Plasma of Boar Ejaculates Analyzed by LC–MS/MS: Its Effects on Post-Thaw Semen Quality
Authors: Fraser Leyland , Wasilewska-Sakowska Karolina , Zasiadczyk Łukasz , Piątkowska Elżbieta , Karpiesiuk Krzysztof
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to characterize the protein composition of fractionated seminal plasma (SP) by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) analysis and investigate its effects on survival of frozen-thaw (FT) boar spermatozoa following storage. Seminal plasma (SP) was fractionated by gel filtration chromatography to give two fractions, SP1 with more than 40 kDa (>40 kDa) and SP2 with less than 40 kDa (<40 kDa). SP1 and SP2 were subjected to LC–MS/MS and bioinformatics analysis. Following cryopreservation, FT boar semen (n = 7) was thawed in Beltsville Thawing Solution (BTS), BTS + SP1 or BTS + SP2, stored at different periods and subjected to post-thaw (PT) quality assessment. A total of 52 and 22 abundant proteins were detected in SP1 and SP2, respectively. FN1, ANGPTL1, and KIF15 proteins were more abundance in SP1, whereas a high abundance of spermadhesins (PSP-I and PSP-II) was detected in SP2. Proteins of the fractionated SP were involved in various biological processes, such as cell motility and signal transduction. The dominant pathway of SP1 proteins was the apelin signaling pathway (GNA13, MEF2D, SPHK2, and MEF2C), whereas a pathway related to lysosome (CTSH, CTSB, and NPC2) was mainly represented by SP2 proteins. In most of the boars, significantly higher motility characteristics, membrane integrity, and viability were observed in FT spermatozoa exposed to SP1 or SP2 compared with BTS. The results of our study confirm that a combination of several proteins from the fractionated SP exerted beneficial effects on the sperm membrane, resulting in improved quality characteristics following PT storage.
Grapevine Variety and Number of Canes Affect Dry-on-Vine (DOV) Raisin Production on an Overhead Arbor Trellis
Authors: Fidelibus Matthew W.
Published: October 2021

Making raisins (dried grapes) is a laborious process and grape growers around the world are increasingly interested in adopting mechanized methods, especially dry-on-vine (DOV). The DOV method entails severing canes bearing mature fruit, causing them to DOV, after which they may be harvested by machine. The overhead arbor is an important DOV raisin trellis system, but basic agronomic performance of raisin varieties on that system are scant. Therefore, a three-year experiment was conducted to compare the performance of several raisin grape varieties (Vitis vinifera L.), on an overhead arbor trellis, for production of DOV raisins. Grapevine variety, ‘DOVine’, ‘Fiesta’, ‘Selma Pete’, or ‘Thompson Seedless’, was the main-plot factor, and number of canes, six or eight, was the sub-plot. ‘Fiesta’ produced the highest yields, averaging about 12.24 Mg/ha raisins. However, ‘Fiesta’ generally had the lowest soluble solids and among the lowest raisin grades. The later ripening of ‘Fiesta’ fruit delayed harvest pruning to initiate fruit drying compared to the other varieties. Therefore, its raisins did not dry sufficiently to meet industry standards. ‘Selma Pete’, ‘DOVine’, and ‘Thompson Seedless’ had similar yields, generally about 20% less than ‘Fiesta’, but ‘Selma Pete’ produced fruit that were the largest in size, with the highest soluble solids, and that produced raisins of the highest grades, compared to the other varieties. Vines pruned to eight canes produced higher yields without sacrificing raisin quality. In conclusion, ‘Fiesta’ was notable for its high productivity, and ‘Selma Pete’ for its earliness and high quality, and both varieties had sufficient capacity to carry eight 15-node canes.
Investigating the Effect of Fruit Size on Ripening Recovery of Banana Treated with 1-Methylcyclopropene
Authors: Satekge Thabiso Kenneth , Magwaza Lembe Samukelo
Published: October 2021

Postharvest application of 1-methylcycloprepene (1-MCP) on banana fruit to extend shelf-life and maintain quality is inconsistent as treated fruit do not ripen uniformly. Banana response to 1-MCP treatment can be variable due to within-bunch variation in fruit size, composition, and maturity. Therefore, the present study investigated whether fruit size variation explains variability in ripening recovery. To investigate this relationship, large, medium, and small fruit were treated with 0 nL L−1 1-MCP (control), 400 nL L−1 1-MCP and 50 µL L−1 ethephon + 400 nL L−1 1-MCP. Fruit were then ripened using 800 µL L−1 ethephon and stored at 23 °C for 30 d. Irrespective of fruit size, treating banana with 1-MCP and ethephon + 1-MCP prolonged shelf-life by 30 d compared to control, which were fully ripe at 15 d for medium and large fruit, and 20 d for small fruit. 1-MCP significantly delayed yellow colour development (colour stage 4), chlorophyll degradation (97.4 µg/g), and sucrose (2.57 mg/g) and glucose (0.86 mg/g) accumulation in small compared to medium and large fruit. However, firmness (56.13 N) and starch (0.68 mg/g) were significantly lower in 1-MCP-treated small-sized fruit compared to medium and large fruit. Moisture loss was also significantly higher (19.49%) in 1-MCP-treated small fruit compared to medium (14.89%) and large (18.11%). Combined ethephon and 1-MCP allowed for an increase in ripening in small, medium, and large fruit. Overall, medium and large fruit treated with 1-MCP and ethephon + 1-MCP recovered their ripening capacity better compared to small fruit. The results demonstrate that 1-MCP efficacy is influenced by fruit size, whereas ethephon + 1-MCP treatment was consistent across small, medium, and large fruit. The effect of fruit size on 1-MCP efficacy might explain the inconsistency of the treatment in the banana fruit. Therefore, it is important to apply 1-MCP on fruit of approximately the same size to achieve the full benefit of the treatment. Moreover, fruit treated with 1-MCP + ethephon recovered their ripening capacity, irrespective of size, suggesting that it is a beneficial treatment.
Changes in the Fungal Community Assembly of Apple Fruit Following Postharvest Application of the Yeast Biocontrol Agent Metschnikowia fructicola
Authors: Biasi Antonio , Zhimo V. Yeka , Kumar Ajay , Abdelfattah Ahmed , Salim Shoshana , Feygenberg Oleg , Wisniewski Michael , Droby Samir
Published: October 2021

Recently, increasing focus has been placed on exploring fruit microbiomes and their association with their hosts. Investigation of the fruit surface microbiome of apple has revealed variations in the composition and structure depending on management practices, phenological stages, and spatial distribution on the fruit itself. However, the fate of the fruit surface microbiome assembly and dynamics in apple following interventions such as the application of biocontrol agents remains unknown. The objective of the study was to explore the effect of a postharvest application of a yeast biocontrol agent, Metschnikowia fructicola, on the composition of the epiphytic fungal microbiota on apples during cold storage. Our results demonstrated that the applied biocontrol agent, M. fructicola, persisted in high abundance (>28% relative abundance) on the fruit surface throughout the storage period. The biocontrol application significantly decreased the richness and caused a significant shift in the overall composition and structure of the fungal microbiome relative to untreated or water-treated controls. The yeast application reduced the abundance of several apple fungal pathogens, namely, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Comoclatris, Stemphylium, Nigrospora, Penicillium, and Podosphaera, throughout the cold storage period.
Morphological and Physiological Properties of Greenhouse-Grown Cucumber Seedlings as Influenced by Supplementary Light-Emitting Diodes with Same Daily Light Integral
Authors: Yan Zhengnan , Wang Long , Wang Yifei , Chu Yangyang , Lin Duo , Yang Yanjie
Published: October 2021

Insufficient light in autumn–winter may prolong the production periods and reduce the quality of plug seedlings grown in greenhouses. Additionally, there is no optimal protocol for supplementary light strategies when providing the same amount of light for plug seedling production. This study was conducted to determine the influences of combinations of supplementary light intensity and light duration with the same daily light integral (DLI) on the morphological and physiological properties of cucumber seedlings (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Tianjiao No. 5) grown in a greenhouse. A supplementary light with the same DLI of 6.0 mol m−2 d−1 was applied with the light duration set to 6, 8, 10, or 12 h d−1 provided by light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and cucumber seedlings grown with sunlight only were set as the control. The results indicated that increasing DLI using supplementary light promoted the growth and development of cucumber seedlings over those grown without supplementary light; however, opposite trends were observed in the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities. Under equal DLI, increasing the supplementary light duration from 6 to 10 h d−1 increased the root surface area (66.8%), shoot dry weight (24.0%), seedling quality index (237.0%), root activity (60.0%), and stem firmness (27.2%) of the cucumber seedlings. The specific leaf area of the cucumber seedlings decreased quadratically with an increase in supplementary light duration, and an opposite trend was exhibited for the stem diameter of the cucumber seedlings. In summary, increased DLI or longer light duration combined with lower light intensity with equal DLI provided by supplementary light in insufficient sunlight seasons improved the quality of the cucumber seedlings through the modification of the root architecture and stem firmness, increasing the mechanical strength of the cucumber seedlings for transplanting.
The Escape from Malnutrition of Chilean Boys and Girls: Height-for-Age Z Scores in Late XIX and XX Centuries
Authors: Núñez Javier , Pérez Graciela
Published: October 2021

We studied the trends of height-for-age (HAZ) Z scores by socioeconomic status (SES) groups of Chilean boys and girls aged 5–18 born between 1877 and 2001, by performing a meta-analysis of 53 studies reporting height-for-age sample data from which 1258 HAZ score datapoints were calculated using the 2000 reference growth charts for the US of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). We found stagnant mean and median HAZ scores of about −1.55 to −1.75 for the general population, and −2.2 to −2.55 for lower SES groups up to cohorts born in the 1940s. However, we found an upwards structural change in cohorts born after the 1940s, a period in which HAZ scores grew at a pace of about 0.25 to 0.30 HAZ per decade. Since this change happened in a context of moderate Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth, high and persistent income inequality, and stagnant wages of the working class, we discuss the extent to which our findings are associated with the increase in public social spending and the implementation and expansion of a variety of social policies since the 1940s and early 1950s.
Particle System-Based Multi-Hierarchy Dynamic Visualization of Ocean Current Data
Authors: Shi Qingtong , Ai Bo , Wen Yubo , Feng Wenjun , Yang Chenxi , Zhu Hongchun
Published: October 2021

In three-dimensional (3D) digital Earth environment, there are many problems when using the existing methods to express the ocean current, such as uneven distribution of seed points, density leap in scale change and messy visualization. In this paper, a new dynamic visualization method of multi-hierarchy flow field based on particle system is proposed; Specifically, three typical spherical uniform algorithms are studied and compared, and the streamline becoming denser from the equator to the poles on globe is eliminated by placing seed points using Marsaglia polar method as the most efficient. In addition, a viewport-adaptive adjustment algorithm is proposed, which realizes that the density of particles is always suitable to any viewing distance during continuous zooming. To solve the visual representation deficiency, we design a new dynamic pattern to enhance the expression and perception of current, which makes up for the shortcoming of the arrow glyph and streamline methods. Finally, a prototype of GPU parallel and viewport coherence is achieved, whose feasibility and effectiveness are verified by a series of experiments. The results show that our method can not only represent ocean current data clearly and efficiently, but also has outstanding uniformity and hierarchy effect.
Prevalence and Patterns of Risk of Osteoporosis in Bangladeshi Adult Population: An Analysis of Calcaneus Quantitative Ultrasound Measurements
Authors: Ali Mohammad , Uddin Zakir , Hossain Ahmed
Published: October 2021

(1) Objectives: A little is known about the prevalence of the “risk of osteoporosis (RO)” and the factors associated with RO among Bangladeshi adults. Using a cost-effective testing tool, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of RO and find the association between age, gender, and morbidity with RO among adults in Bangladesh. (2) Results: Among 526 subjects, the prevalence of RO was 37.3%. Gender (p =< 0.001), age (p = 0.003), diabetes (p = 0.003), cardiovascular disease (p =< 0.001) and multimorbidity (p =< 0.001) were associated with RO. The causal relationships, by adjusting confounders in the associations of RO and other variables, were depicted graphically. (3) Conclusion: The pattern of association between gender and age with RO was different and exclusive. Different approaches might be needed to alleviate the high burden of RO considering the subjects’ age, gender, and multimorbidity.
ALIANZAS ENTRE EL CONOCIMIENTO BIOLÓGICO Y EL PENSAMIENTO AMBIENTAL. UNA INVESTIGACIÓN CURRICULAR.
Authors: Chacón-Ramírez Carlos Alberto , Villada-Suaza Mario De Jesús , Santa-Jiménez Nhora Nitzanim
Published: October 2021

El artículo muestra como la investigación busca generar uniones creadoras entre el pensamiento ambiental y el saber biológico, conectados a la organización curricular en la Licenciatura en Biología y Educación Ambiental de la Universidad del Quindío-Colombia.  Presenta diagramas y espectros teóricos, los cuales contienen concepciones diversas de orden estético, poético, filosófico y epistémico, que se funden al logos biológico.  Todo esto  señala,  que es posible incorporar pensamiento ambiental en la práctica-praxis educativa,  para fundar un nuevo maestro y lograr un currículo reformulado.
UNA POLÍTICA PARA EL DESARROLLO DE LA MICRO, PEQUEÑA Y MEDIANA EMPRESA EN PASTO (COLOMBIA)
Authors: Tarapuez-Chamorro Edwin
Published: October 2021

El proyecto de investigación denominado “Estudio para el diseño de una política productiva encaminada hacia el desarrollo, promoción y fortalecimiento de la micro, pequeña y mediana empresa (MIPYME) en Pasto”, fue financiado por la Institución Universitaria CESMAG, a través de la Vicerrectoría de Investigaciones, dentro de la linea de investigación de Desarrollo Empresarial. Dicho proyecto tuvo como objetivo general, concertar y diseñar la propuesta de una política para el desarrollo, promoción y fortalecimiento de la MIPYME en dicho municipio. Contó con el apoyo de entidades públicas y privadas que directamente influyen en el desarrollo de las empresas del municipio y que participaron a  través de reuniones, conversatorios y diligenciamiento de encuestas, en la definición de los elementos constitutivos de la política de desarrollo para la MIPYME. Después de sistematizar y priorizar la información obtenida se concluyó que la política municipal de desarrollo de la MIPYME debe ser liderada por la Alcaldía Municipal y debe estar orientada por los principios de integralidad, cooperación, flexibilidad y universalidad.

De otra parte el trabajo de investigación permitió priorizar, con los participantes, cinco campos de acción en los que los actores involucrados deben aportar sus esfuerzos en forma coherente y colectiva. Dichos campos son: ambiental, capacitación del talento humano, comercialización, financiamiento e impuestos municipales. La conclusión más importante del trabajo es que la coordinación interinstitucional del gobierno local con el sector privado, la academia y otras entidades gubernamentales es posiblemente la variable clave para desarrollar con éxito una política para el desarrollo de la MIPYME a nivel local. El documento final contiene elementos útiles para cualquier municipio de latinoamérica, dada su problemática común.
ASPECTOS HIDROLÓGICOS E HIDRÁULICOS DEL ESTUDIO DE AMENAZA POR FENÓMENOS DE REMOCIÓN EN MASA EN LA QUEBRADA EL COFRE
Authors: García-Reinoso Pedro León , Monsalve-Durango Elkin Aníbal , Lozano-Sandoval Gabriel
Published: October 2021

En el Quindío los días 24, 25 y 26 de diciembre de 1999 ocurrieron avenidas torrenciales que afectaron al corregimiento de La Virginia. Estos eventos se asociaron con la inestabilidad de las laderas inducida por el sismo de enero de 1999 y las fuertes lluvias de diciembre. En los últimos diez años el fenómeno se ha documentado lo suficiente como para proponer acciones de intervención sustentadas en el análisis detallado de las variables que allí intervienen. La Universidad del Quindío, a través del Centro de Extensión de la Facultad de Ingeniería y con el Apoyo de los Grupos de Investigación CIDERA y QUIMBAYA, se propusieron analizar el fenómeno integrando las condiciones ambientales, geológicas, sísmicas, geotécnicas, hidrológicas e hidráulicas, con el propósito de definir los impactos que generaría la ocurrencia de un fenómeno de remoción en masa al corregimiento de La Virginia. El análisis se realizó con ArcGIS 9.3 y FLO-2D, para generar mapas de riesgo y amenaza por avalancha, respectivamente
ESTANDARIZACIÓN DEL PROTOCOLO DE DESINFECCIÓN DE DISCO DE HOJA EN LA INDUCCIÓN DE CALLOGÉNESIS DE CORDIA ALLIODORA (RUIZ & PAV.) OKÉN (LAMIALES: BORAGINACEAE) EN CONDICIONES IN VITRO
Authors: López-Franco Rodolfo , Murcia-Rincón Cesar Iván , López-Mora Paola Andrea , Valencia-Rincón Jenny Carolina
Published: October 2021

Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav.) Okén, es una especie con un doble propósito, la explotación comercial y la posibilidad de mejorar el medio ambiente debido a su aporte de nutrientes y a su vinculación con sistemas silvopastoriles. La aplicación de técnicas de micropropagación en especies forestales ha constituido una alternativa útil para aumentar el establecimiento de plantaciones.  No obstante, la desinfección de explantes en este tipo de especies ha sido una de las limitantes para el establecimiento in vitro, debido a la presencia de contaminantes que afectan el desempeño de estos bajo estas condiciones; haciendo indispensable el uso de protocolos de desinfección que permitan la disminución en la aparición de agentes contaminantes. El objetivo de la presente investigación consistió en evaluar diferentes protocolos de desinfección de explantes (disco de hoja), para determinar la eficiencia en el menor grado de contaminación sin comprometer su viabilidad. Se evaluaron tres protocolos: 1) López  2) Marulanda et al.  y 3) Ramírez – Villalobos  et al. , aunque los  protocolos  2 y 3 presentaron un comportamiento similar estadísticamente  se eligió este último ya que fue el que menos comprometió la viabilidad del explante.
Структурные и оптические свойства многослойных периодических структур с
псевдоморфными слоями GeSiSn
Authors: Тимофеев В.А. , Машанов В.И. , А.И. Никифоров
Published: October 2021

В работе изучен рост многослойных периодических структур и сверхрешеток, включающих
упругонапряженные слои GeSiSn с содержанием олова от 0 до 18 %. Установлена кинетическая
диаграмма роста слоев GeSiSn с высоким содержанием Sn в диапазоне температур 100 – 300 °C. На
основе кинетических диаграмм роста пленок GeSiSn выбиралась область толщин, соответствующая
псевдоморфному состоянию. В процессе роста кремния поверх слоев GeSiSn наблюдались различные
сверхструктуры в зависимости от содержания олова в слое твердого раствора и температуры
осаждения кремния в многослойной периодической структуре. Эти сверхструктуры соответствуют
определенному покрытию олова. Методом рентгеновской дифрактометрии изучены напряженное
состояние, состав, качество гетерограниц и термическая стабильность многослойных периодических
структур.
Инфракрасная фотолюминесценция в кремнии, облученном тяжелыми ионами
высоких энергий
Authors: Черкова С.Г. , Володин В.А. , Кривякин Г.К.
Published: October 2021

Изучение оптических свойств кремния с целью создания излучателя на его основе остается
актуальной задачей. Инженерия светоизлучающих дефектов является одним из возможных путей
решения. Люминесцентные свойства дислокаций широко исследуются [1, 2]. В нашей работе образцы
кремния были облучены тяжелыми ионами высокоэнергетичного Хе. Потери на ионизацию таких
частиц вблизи поверхности достигают десятков кэВ/нм и вдоль траектории иона возможен локальный
разогрев до температур, превышающих температуру плавления. В облученных тяжелыми ионами
кристаллических Si и Ge исследователи не наблюдали
треков и протяженных дефектов, независимо от уровня
потерь на ионизацию [3, 4].
Распределенный брегговский отражатель с улучшенной угловой зависимостью
коэффициента отражения
Authors: Протасов Д.Ю. , Журавлев К.С.
Published: October 2021

В данной работе предложена
модификация конструкции РБО,
позволяющая повысить коэффициент
отражения для лучей, распространяющихся
под большими углами, за счет компенсации
изменяющейся оптической разности хода
дополнительными слоями РБО, с периодом,
отличным от периода основного слоя РБО. На
рисунке представлены рассчитанные угловые
зависимости коэффициента отражения для
РБО на основе 20 пар слоев Al0.1Ga0.9As и
Al0.9Ga0.1As c максимумом на длине волны
860 нм: сплошная кривая - обычный РБО и
штрих-пунктирная кривая -
модифицированный РБО.
Как показывают результаты расчетов по
представленным на рисунке зависимостям, доля
света от ламбертовского источника, отраженная от
модифицированного РБО, в 2.7 раза больше, чем для обычного РБО.
Оптические терагерцовые свойства электрида 12CaO·7Al2O3 (C12A7)
Authors: Рыбак А.А. , Николаев Н.А. , Анцыгин В.Д.
Published: October 2021

В данной работе мы сосредоточили внимание на исследовании оптических терагерцовых свойств
нанопористых кристаллов 12CaO·7Al2O3 (C12A7). На терагерцовом импульсном спектрометре (ТИС),
диапазон которого 0.1 – 2.8 ТГц, в сфокусированном пучке с использованием двух плёночных
поляризаторов были исследованы ТГц оптические свойства четырёх образцов электрида алюмината
кальция C12A7, которые отличались по цвету, вследствии различных концентраций легированного
кислорода. Толщины образцов:d1=1,065 мм, d2=1,023 мм, d3=0,77 мм, d4=0,69 мм. Все образцы имели
небольшой клин, что внесло вклад в измерения в низкочастотной области спектра. Измерения
проводились при комнатной температуре (25℃) и температуре кипения жидкого азота (-195°С).
Рост Ван-дер-Ваальсовых материалов на Si(111)
Authors: Ищенко Д.В. , Ахундов И.О. , Кожухов А.С.
Published: October 2021

Бинарные соединения Bi2Te3, Bi2Se3 и Sb2Te3 являются классическими примерами трехмерных (3D)
топологических изоляторов (ТИ). Одной из возможных областей практического применения этих
материалов является детектирование терагерцового излучения [1]. Однако, халькогениды висмута и
сурьмы – это материалы с высокой проводимостью, обусловленной легированием собственными
дефектами, что затрудняет исследования поверхностных топологических состояний. Так, в Bi2Te3 и
Sb2Te3 избыток металла занимает узлы решетки Te и действует как легирующая примесь p-типа.
Поэтому, чтобы осуществить исследования транспортных свойств ТИ, связанные с их
топологическими поверхностными состояниями, необходимо уменьшить вклад объемных состояний в
проводимость. Одним из вариантов решения данной проблемы является рост твёрдых растворов
тройных и четверных соединений. Так в работе [2] было показано, что электрофизические свойства
соединения (BixSb1-х)2(SeyTe1-y)3 (BSTS) зависят от содержания компонент.
Экспериментальное исследование изменения параметров растущих двумерных пленок
с толщиной при их эпитаксиальном выращивании
Authors: Коханенко А.П. , Дирко В.В. , Кукенов О.И.
Published: October 2021

Целью данной работы является определение кинетики изменения параметров растущих двумерных
пленок с толщиной при их эпитаксиальном выращивании. Для этого в работе проводилось
эпитаксиальное выращивание напряженных двумерных слоев германия и твердого раствора германиякремния различного состава, а также рассматривались основные особенности формирования
квантовых точек в этих системах.
Awareness of Health Insurance among Unorganized Industrial Sample Workers in Coimbatore
Authors: Sangamithra A , Sindia P
Published: October 2021

Health insurance is an important method of financing the increased costs of medical care. The high cost of health services coupled with the randomness of health needs and the inadequacy of personal savings is the principal reason for the importance of insurance as a means of financing health services. The aim of the study is the awareness about health insurance among unorganized industrial workers in Coimbatore. The study states that people are aware of insurance but probably unaware of schemes and types of insurance.
SELECTION OF SHAPE AND DIMENSIONS OF SUPPORT ELEMENT OF PAIRED ORTHOGONAL WALKING MOVER
Authors: Arykantsev V. V. , Chernyshev V. V. , Sharonov N. G.
Published: October 2021

The paper describes the principle of choosing the optimal size and shape of the supporting element of a walking machine, provided that the maximum possible contact area with the supporting surface is provided for moving on snow or soils with a low bearing capacity. The study was carried out for an orthogonal walking propulsion device, but it can also be used for walking mechanisms of other types.
SPECIAL VEHICLE MOTION STABILIZATION SYSTEM
Authors: Lyashenko M. V. , Shekhovtsov V. V. , Potapov P. V. , Shvedunenko A. A.
Published: October 2021

The system of special vehicle (SV) motion stabilization during moving on a straight surface is modeled on the base of dynamic equations of the mathematical model. The movement is stabilized by using a PID controller, the angular displacement of the mass is selected to ensure a given speed of movement, and the deflection angle is stabilized by controlling the engine torque.
ABOUT THE LAWS OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE TENSIONING FORCES OF THE CABLES IN UNDERWATER ANCHOR-CABLE MOBILE ROBOTS
Authors: Penshin I. S.
Published: October 2021

Possibilities of synthesis of various laws of distribution of the tension force of cables in the modules of the anchor-cable mover are considered. The analysis of the features of several variants of the distribution of tensile forces is carried out.
circSMARCA5-SRSF1 interaction is functionally involved in GBM pathogenesis
Authors: Caponnetto Angela
Published: October 2021

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive human brain tumor with a median survival of 15 months. The standard treatments of GBM and the total medical resection are unable to contrast this mortal cancer. For these reason new diagnostic approaches and therapies are needed. The identification of molecular features of this cancer may allow to create a personalized therapy. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a new class of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) highly enriched in brain, stable within the cells, detectable in body fluids and having a potential role and biological importance still object of debate. This thesis investigated the putative involvement of circRNAs in GBM pathogenesis. It has been demonstrated that circSMARCA5 is downregulated in GBM biopsies, its expression is associated to the glioma grade malignancy and it negatively regulates migration of U87MG cells. Moreover, it has been proved the physical interaction between circSMARCA5 and one of its predicted interactor Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1 (SRSF1). Interesting splicing targets of SRSF1 are the serine and arginine rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) and the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA). It has been proposed that circSMARCA5 may regulate the alternative splicing of SRSF3 in favor of the formation of a stable oncoprotein in GBM. It also regulates the alternative splicing of VEGFA mRNA through the binding to SRSF1. In addition, blood vascular microvessel density evaluated in GBM negatively correlates with the expression of circSMARCA5, while positively correlates with that of SRSF1 and pro-to-anti-angiogenic VEGFA isoform ratio. GBM patients with low circSMARCA5 expression have lower overall and progression free survival rates. Based on these findings, CircSMARCA5 could be considered a promising druggable tumor suppressor in GBM. Moreover, its interaction with SRSF1 makes circSMARCA5 an upstream regulator of pro- to anti-angiogenic VEGFA isoforms ratio within GBM cells and a highly promising GBM prospective anti-angiogenic molecule.
Storytelling como estrategia de enseñanza-aprendizaje para desarrollar el lenguaje en Educación Inicial mediante cuentos
Authors: Crespo-Cárdenas Verónica Carolina , Cárdenas-Cordero Nancy Marcela
Published: October 2021

La investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar de qué manera el uso del Storytelling contribuye en el desarrollo del lenguaje en niños de Educación Inicial, mediante cuentos. Este estudio, fue de enfoque cuantitativo, de alcance descriptivo aleatorio, para ello, se realizó encuestas a docentes de Educación Inicial de la ciudad de Azogues, para estar al tanto si el empleo de este recurso tecnológico favorece el desarrollo del lenguaje en los niños y niñas de Educación Inicial. Con lo antes mencionado, es fundamental el correcto uso de esta estrategia digital en preescolar; puesto que facultará destrezas como: La creatividad, imaginación, pensamiento crítico, relaciones sociales, la concentración, y sobre todo estimulará el desarrollo del lenguaje, fomentando una clase innovadora, divertida y armónica.  Por tanto, es necesario la correcta mediación del docente para lograr que todas estas habilidades se construyan eficazmente.
Retos de los docentes en los tiempos de pandemia en la zona Rural
Authors: Guamán-Guallpa Viviana-del-Pilar , Ávila-Mediavilla Carlos Marcelo
Published: October 2021

La educación es estos tiempos de pandemia ha cambiado de forma presencial a la virtual, en donde se evidencia el analfabetismo en uso y manejo de la tecnología del docente. Han presentado varios factores que han impedido que se dé la educación con calidad en estos tiempos de pandemia entre ellos son: los docentes no estaban preparados para una educación virtual por lo que ha generado varios problemas tanto en su planificación, y abordamiento de la educación en línea. Por tal razón, el objetivo de esta investigación es analizar cuáles fueron los retos que enfrentaron los docentes de Guapán-Ecuador para la educación virtual en tiempos de pandemia. Este trabajo sé realizará con el enfoque cuantitativo, de alcance descriptivo, las técnicas a utilizar será la aplicación de encuesta a docentes.
Procesos gerenciales en la práctica del cuidado de Enfermería
Authors: Castillo-Merino Yasmín Alejandra , Merino-Conforme Monserrate Cristina , Delgado-López Deysi Agripina , Pinargote-Chancay Rosa-del-Rocío
Published: October 2021

Antecedentes: Siendo considerable emplear en esos momentos, una actuación gerencial con base a un liderazgo óptimo para la resolución de conflictos y convivencia entre pares, especialmente en las zonas de cuidados intensivos. Objetivo: analizar los procesos gerenciales en la práctica del cuidado de enfermería en pacientes en cuidados intermedios e intensivos de centros de salud de la provincia de Manabí – Ecuador. Metodología: Se empleó un tipo y diseño de investigación descriptiva observacional no experimental. Resultados: La gerencia en cuidados intermedios con un 33% representa la zona considerada donde se generó mayor eficacia por parte del personal de enfermería, lo cual permitió tratar a tiempo y con diligencia a los pacientes. Conclusión: La gerencia en el cuidado de enfermería debe estar focalizada centralmente en atender al personal de enfermería para gestionar su salud mental, producto de estar viviendo un proceso de pandemia por COVID-19.
CONTROL OF PASSAGE THROUGH RESONANCE ZONE FOR 1-ROTOR VIBRATION UNIT WITH TIME-VARYING LOAD
Authors: Tomchina O.P. , Gorlatov D.V. , Tomchin D.A. , Epishkin A.E.
Published: October 2021

The speed-gradient algorithms for controlled passage through the resonance zone of the one-rotor vibration unit are studied by computer simulation. The objective of the study is to analyze dependence of the control performance on the loading mode and the electric drive dynamics. In order to obtain an algorithm better suitable for practical implementation the theoretically designed algorithm is simplified by simplifying the expression for the total energy. First of all, we neglect the terms corresponding to the kinetic and potential energy of the load, since there are no load mass sensors on the stand. the term containing the inclination angle of the platform is neglected. In addition, the platform inclination angle and dynamics of the drives were neglected too. Efficiency of the proposed simplified algorithm for different loading modes, including linear loading with different loading rates and sine-shaped oscillatory loading.
Estudio de modelos de materia oscura leptónica fría y sus efectos en escenarios de interés cosmológico
Authors:   , Fushimi Keiko Juliana
Published: October 2021

En este trabajo estudiaremos un modelo de materia oscura y su posible detección en detectores que usan métodos directos. Para esto analizamos la interacción entre materia oscura y quarks y posteriormente nucleones y núcleos. Tomaremos como referencia extensiones mínimas de modelos supersimétricos, al tipo del modelo MSSM y extensiones similares. Desarrollaremos el formalismo necesario para calcular la sección eficaz de interacción entre los WIMPs (partícula masiva débilmente interactuante) y los quarks como función de los parámetros del modelo, tomaremos como partícula de materia oscura neutralinos (χ) de masas menores a 600 GeV. Consideraremos dos tipos de interacciones en el lagrangiano efectivo, la interacción escalar y la interacción axial-vectorial. Encontramos que en ambos tipos de interacción, la sección eficaz neutralino-nucleón decrece para valores crecientes del parámetro µ. Para el caso de interacción escalar, la sección eficaz entre neutralino y neutrones es similar a la correspondiente a la interacción entre neutralino y protones. El mediador dominante es el Higgs más liviano. Por otro lado, encontramos que la sección eficaz disminuye al aumentar el parámetro tan β. Hemos comparado las secciones eficaces calculadas con datos observacionales y estimaciones teóricas disponibles. Para el caso de interacción axial-vectorial, encontramos que las secciones eficaces para neutrones y protones son diferentes y es más notoria para masas pequeñas del neutralino. El bosón mediador que domina el canal axial-vectorial es el Z. En este canal, la sección eficaz cambia al modificar el valor de tan β y este cambio depende del valor del parámetro µ y de la masa del neutralino. A continuación, calculamos la tasa de reacciones posibles en un detector considerando dispersión elástica independiente y dependiente del spin. Encontramos que depende de la posición geográfica de los detectores, la fase de la señal depende de la longitud y la amplitud de la latitud. La mayor interacción entre la materia oscura y los núcleos del detector se da a bajas energías de retroceso, es por esto que es muy importante lograr una mayor sensitividad en los detectores. Al estudiar la dependencia con los parámetros del modelo teórico utilizado, encontramos que a menor valor de µ la tasa de reacciones aumenta. Por último en base a los resultados obtenidos, concluimos que para el futuro laboratorio ANDES es conveniente utilizar un detector de xenón o iodo si se quiere medir la interacción independiente del spin, ya que las tasas de reacciones calculadas resultan ser las mayores. Mientras que si se busca medir la interacción dependiente del spin no podemos concluir qué material es el más conveniente, ya que tasa de interacción depende del modelo nuclear utilizado para calcular el contenido de spin.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FILM REVIEW IN ENHANCING STUDENTS’ ENGLISH SPEAKING SKILLS
Authors: Rahman Nor Dawirah , Abu Bakar Anna Lynn , Osman Wan Hurani , Musa Mohammad Aqmal Hafidz
Published: October 2021

This study highlighted the effectiveness of film review in enhancing English speaking skills among students at the tertiary level. The population involved was 30 students from an Essential Communication Skills class at Universiti Malaysia Sabah. There were two parts of film review carried out for this study, namely, Part 1: Individual Film Review Presentation and Part 2: Group Discussion and 2 weeks prior, the teacher-researcher provided materials such as examples of vocabularies, grammars, phrases and sentences students could use to describe film genres, characters, themes, recommendations and criticisms in their film review. For Part 1 of the film review, in groups of 5, individual students orally presented the review of their chosen film whilst showing their power point slides whereas for Part 2, they gave ideas and opinions on the best film of those presented by their group members. The objective of this study was to identify students’ perceptions on the effectiveness of film review in enhancing their English-speaking skills. To accomplish that objective, this study employed a survey research design and the instrument utilised in the data collection was an online questionnaire comprising 10 questions on students’ perceptions on English film watching and review which was administered to 30 respondents. The data was then analysed using a google form spreadsheet and presented in pie charts and bar graphs. The findings depicted that students perceived that film review enhanced their English-speaking skills in the aspects of motivation and confidence in speaking simple English and applying appropriate English grammars, vocabularies, pronunciation, intonation, and conversational phrases in expressing ideas and opinions. They also opined that English subtitles in films and guidance from educators in reviewing films contributed positively to the development of their English-speaking acquisition as well as deduced that film review was an effective English learning tool. These positive findings hence signalled that the teaching and learning of English through films should be sustained in the future. It is recommended that future studies include larger numbers of respondents and interviews of students and teachers to obtain more holistic findings on the film review effectiveness towards students’ English-speaking competency. Other interesting topics to be studied are the challenges encountered by both learners and educators in the teaching and learning of English through films and ways to overcome them.