bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Early drain removal after live liver donor hepatectomy is safe - A randomized control trial
Authors: Durairaj Parthiban , Pamecha Viniyendra , Mohapatra Nihar , Patil Nilesh , Sindhwani Gaurav
Published: October 2022

INTRODUCTION: The aim of current study was to assess safety of early drain removal after live donor hepatectomy (LDH).
METHODS: 108 consecutive donors who met the inclusion criteria, were randomized to Early Drain Removal (EDR – post operative day (POD) 3 - if serous and the drain bilirubin level was less than 3 times of serum bilirubin - “3x3” rule) and Routine Drain Removal (RDR – drain output serous and less than 100ml). Primary outcome was to compare the safety. Secondary outcomes was to compare the post-operative morbidity.
RESULTS: Pre-operative, intra-operative and postoperative parameters except for timing of drain removal were comparable. EDR was feasible in 46 out of 54 donors (85.14%) and none required re-intervention after EDR. There was significantly better pain relief with EDR (p=0.00). Overall complications, pulmonary complications, and hospital stay were comparableon intention-to-treat analysis. However, pulmonary complications (EDR - 1.9% Vs RDR -16.3% P= 0.030), overall complications (18.8% Vs 36.3%, P= 0.043) and hospital stay (8 Vs 9, P= 0.014) were more in RDR group on per treatment analysis. Bile leaks were seen in three donors (3.7% in EDR group Vs RDR 1.9% in P=0.558), none of them required endobiliary interventions. Re-Exploration for intestinal obstruction was required for 3 donors in RDR (0% vs 5.7%; p-0.079).
CONCLUSION: EDR by “3x3” rule after LDH is safe and associated with significantly better pain relief. On per treatment analysis, EDR was associated with significantly less hospital stay, pulmonary and overall complications.
Clinical Trial Registry: Clinical Trials.gov - NCT04504487.
Heteroscedastic-embedded Ensemble for Imbalanced Massive Data Classification
Authors: Li Hong , Peng Ge , Wang Jia , Xu Xinggui , Qian Kun
Published: October 2022

The imbalanced learning methods aim to learn the unbiased models from massive class-imbalanced datasets. However, due to the uncertainty of data distributions affected by noise and borderline samples, the models based on heuristic assumptions or meta learning often suffer from the lack of stability and practicability for real-world classification tasks which often uses the skewed dataset of low-quality. In order to effectively cope with these issues, in this work, we propose a novel heteroscedastic-embedded ensemble (HEE) for imbalanced massive data classification. We first design an effective task sensing strategy with data-dependent heteroscedastic to adaptively guide the sampler’s focus on informative samples, which makes the learning method much more robust for noisy data. Then, similar to the learning style of human beings, i.e., easy to difficult, the HEE framework gradually builds a strong ensemble classifier through interactions between harmonizing data resampling and model-training. The simulation results and analysis on both synthetic and real-world tasks demonstrate the effectiveness, robustness, and transferability of the proposed method.
The clinical symptoms in post COVID condition among Syrian population
Authors: alshami Sara , mohammad Yousser
Published: October 2022

Background: Post-Covid case is a single condition that occurs in people with a confirmed or probable history of infection with the Coronavirus, usually three months after the onset of symptoms of infection with the Coronavirus, with symptoms persisting for at least two months, and that cannot be explained by an alternative diagnosis.
Following up on patients who have recovered from COVID-19 has shown that one or more symptoms persist in a significant proportion of people, even weeks or months after COVID-19. Newly onset symptoms may be following initial recovery from acute COVID-19 infection or persistent from acute COVID-19 infection. Symptoms may recur or regress over time.
Aim of the study: Since there are no previous studies on Post-Covid Syndrome in Syria, we conducted this study to evaluate clinical symptoms in Post-Covid Syndrome among Syrian population.
This will be the first study in Syria about post-Covid syndrome.
Method: We designed this observational cross-sectional study to collect self-reported information using an on-line questionnaire. We used a list of 18 possible symptoms, Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS), the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea scale, cough symptom score (CSS) in the questionnaire to assess the symptoms in post COVID condition.
Result: We found that only 34.4% of our population have no symptoms while the others suffered from symptoms in context of post COVID condition. 25% did not suffer from any kind of fatigue. 55% experienced various degrees of dyspnea. 33% had different degrees of cough and 37% experienced various degrees of chest pain.
Conclusion: It is noted that the post-Covid condition is relatively widespread, which requires the attention of the health care system, as it constitutes a burden on the quality of life of individuals and a negative impact on society.
Continuous generation of single-copy MosTI insertions in C. elegans from a multiplex mix.
Authors: Mouridi Sonia El , Frøkjær-Jensen Christian
Published: October 2022

Precise expression of transgenes in C. elegans can be used to understand gene regulation, control cells, or as a starting point for genetic screens. Inserting single-copy transgenes into well-defined safe-harbor locations is useful when consistent expression levels are required (e.g., to compare expression from different transgenes) or when expression is desired in germ cells. Here, we describe a detailed protocol for the simultaneous injection of several different plasmids ("multiplex mix"). Heat-shock inducible Cas9 expression allows the insertion of single-copy transgenes from the multiplex mix using Modular Safe-harbor Transgene Insertion (MosTI). The protocol allows the generation of many different transgene inserts over several generations from a single injection. In principle, the method can be used to screen a collection of plasmids for a desirable property, such as expression in a particular tissue. Only a few extra-chromosomal strains are required, which makes the protocol particularly appropriate for researchers with limited experience with C. elegans micro-injection.
Impact of operational activities on customer satisfaction in cafes and restaurants: A mediating role of infrastructural elements
Authors: Zainurossalamia ZA Saida , Martiyanti Dwi , Noorlitaria Achmad Gusti , Lesmana Dadang , Yudaruddin Rizky
Published: October 2022

After restrictions on community activities caused by the COVID-19 pandemic were lifted, numerous businesses, including restaurants and cafes, have already resumed normal operations. Competition is also unavoidable. Thus, companies should motivate their managers to develop various operational strategies to increase customer satisfaction. This study aims to analyze the relationship between customer satisfaction and operational management activities, including layout, decoration, location, and cleanliness. In addition, it examines human resource management, food quality, and atmosphere as mediating variables. Data were obtained using an online questionnaire conducted between June and December 2021. A total of 1,068 clients of cafes and restaurants were selected as the participants using purposive random sampling. Data were evaluated using variance-based structural equation modeling. The results showed that operational management activities promote cafes and restaurants (p-value = 0.000). Furthermore, this study indicates the role of infrastructure elements, specifically human resource management, atmosphere, and food quality, as moderating variables on customer satisfaction (p-value = 0.000). Overall, the findings of this empirical study provide a theoretical contribution by emphasizing cafe and restaurant operational strategies that enhance customer satisfaction.
Optimalisasi Pariwisata Telaga Ngebel Ponorogo melalui Ekonomi Kreatif Pasca Pandemi
Authors:   Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Airlangga No.4 - 6, Airlangga, Kec. Gubeng, Surabaya, Jawa Timur 60115, Indonesia, Palupi Dyah Ayu , Sitaviana Silvi ,   Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Airlangga No.4 - 6, Airlangga, Kec. Gubeng, Surabaya, Jawa Timur 60115, Indonesia
Published: October 2022

Latar belakang dari penelitian kami yaitu Telaga Ngebel, Ponorogo kaya akan kearifan lokal dan pariwisatanya akan tetapi masih kurang optimalnya kepariwisataan di desa tersebut, sehingga kami memiliki inovasi melalui inovasi ekonomi kreatif dan ditunjang dengan teori ekonomi dan era society 5.0 yang diharapkan dapat menjadi strategi optimalisasi pariwisata Telaga Ngebel, Ponorogo serta menjadi pemberdayaaan masyarakat asli Ngebel. Metode penulisan yang kami gunakan yaitu metode kualitatif. Jenis data yaitu data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui studi pustaka dan teknik analisis data yaitu kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian kami bahwa strategi optimalisasi pariwisata Telaga Ngebel Ponorogo melalui ekonomi kreatif pasca pandemi di era society 5.0 efektif dengan 4 model antara lain: keadaan stabil dengan kemajuan teknologi dalam Model Solow; pengaruh kemajuan teknologi; interaksi berkemampuan media sosial dan pengalaman wisata; dan permintaan pasar.
Pengembangan Bisnis Dimsum "Offline to Online" di Masa Pandemi
Authors:   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Edutown BSD Campus Kavling Edu I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Serpong - Tangerang , Indonesia 15820, Jocelyn Anastasia , Firdausa Aura Fonda ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Edutown BSD Campus Kavling Edu I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Serpong - Tangerang , Indonesia 15820, Edbert Edbert ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Edutown BSD Campus Kavling Edu I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Serpong - Tangerang , Indonesia 15820, Setjoadi James Christian ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Edutown BSD Campus Kavling Edu I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Serpong - Tangerang , Indonesia 15820, Prayogo Choiss Kevin ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Edutown BSD Campus Kavling Edu I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Serpong - Tangerang , Indonesia 15820, Kenzo Rivaldo ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Edutown BSD Campus Kavling Edu I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Serpong - Tangerang , Indonesia 15820, Ang Shania ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Edutown BSD Campus Kavling Edu I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Serpong - Tangerang , Indonesia 15820, Rachman Rathria Arrina ,   Universitas Prasetiya Mulya, Edutown BSD Campus Kavling Edu I.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama, BSD City, Serpong - Tangerang , Indonesia 15820
Published: October 2022

Pada masa sekarang ini pandemi Covid-19 masih diraskan dampaknya oleh masyarkat, terlebih para pemilik usaha mikro kecil menengah. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk membantu para pelaku bisnis untuk mengenali dan mengimplementasikan sistem secara digital serta dapat membantu mempersiapkan penerapan bisnis offline menjadi online bisnis. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh selama ini pengapdian kepada masyarakat, penulis dapat menyimpulkan bahwa digitalisasi dapat memberikan kemudahan dan keuntungan bagi pelaku bisnis yang menerapkannya.
Stepwise efficiency assessment in a competitive scenario using DEA for ratios: service level benchmark
Authors: Gidion Dickson K. , Karia Adam O. , Nyangi Magori J. , Mwamila Tulinave B. , Senkondo William , Mmasi Doglas B. , Alphayo Stephano M. , Khoveyni Mohammad
Published: October 2022

Urban water utility (UWU) regulation has been a potential practice in the water industry for years. This is because UWUs operate in an environment without competitors, and regulating them in a competitive scenario under sunshine regulation helps UWUs simulate the best management strategies. During efficiency assessment, the selection of the best, intermediate and least performing UWUs involves averaging scores of many efficiency assessment criteria analysed separately. This study expands a UWU efficiency assessment based on attaining service-level-benchmark and agreed target-level criteria using network data envelopment analysis (NDEA) for ratios. The assessment shows that the average of efficiencies of the two criteria identify a UWU with the best and worst performance in selected key indicators.
Retracted: Synthesis characterization of Zn-based MOF and their application in degradation of water contaminants
Authors: Jasim Saade Abdalkareem , Amin Hawraz Ibrahim M. , Rajabizadeh Ahmad , Nobre Marcos Augusto Lima , Borhani Fariba , Jalil Abduladheem Turki , Saleh Marwan Mahmood , Kadhim Mustafa M. , Khatami Mehrdad
Published: October 2022

Water Science & Technology issues a formal retraction in relation to the above article by Saade Abdalkareem Jasim et al. The publisher issues this retraction for the following reasons. Following publication, concerns were raised regarding potential citation manipulation in this article, due to a large number of inappropriate references. The journal did not receive a satisfactory response to these concerns and during the investigation additional concerns were raised about the authorship of the article, including the authors' contributions. The Editors-in-Chief therefore no longer have confidence in the reliability of the findings presented.
As linguagens na Base Nacional Comum Curricular do Ensino Médio
Authors: Araújo Allyson Carvalho , Oliveira Natália Dória
Published: October 2022

Objetiva analisar a noção de linguagem apresentada na Base Nacional Comum Curricular do Ensino Médio (BNCC-EM) e suas implicações para a Educação Física (EF). Com metodologia exploratória-documental de abordagem qualitativa, o estudo explora a BNCC-EM com uso do software IRAMUTEQ por análise da Classificação Hierárquica Descendente (CHD) e análise de similitude do termo “linguagem”. A partir da análise lexical forma-se cinco categorias, a saber: Sistema institucional; Expressões e Diversidade; Juventude; Elementos da Linguagem; e Códigos da Linguagem. Os dados indicam que a BNCC-EM se aproxima de uma abordagem semiótica de linguagem, contudo não a conceitua, por vezes, trazendo elementos divergentes desta. Ao olharmos para EF, observamos que o documento centra na noção de linguagem corporal. Conclui-se com a percepção de fragilidade conceitual da linguagem na política educacional, bem como na fragmentação de suas expressões em detrimento de uma perspectiva do multiletramento.
Motivações para a criação de avaliação educacional em larga escala por municípios brasileiros
Authors: Silva Antônia Bruna da , Zakia Lian Sousa Sandra Maria
Published: October 2022

A avaliação externa e em larga escala se intensifica como iniciativa de municipalidades do Brasil a partir de meados dos anos 2000, inserindo-se como uma medida pretensamente voltada à aferição e/ou melhoria da qualidade do ensino. Este texto apresenta resultados de estudo que teve por objetivo analisar as motivações de municípios brasileiros para a criação de avaliações próprias, com base em achados de produções sobre avaliação em larga escala de nível municipal, decorrentes de pesquisas concluídas no país entre 2004 e 2020. O estudo foi delineado na forma de uma metassíntese qualitativa. A base consultada para o levantamento bibliográfico foi a Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD), com recorte temporal de 2002 a 2021. Embora possua motivações de variadas ordens, a proposição dessas iniciativas no plano das municipalidades tem em comum a associação entre avaliação e qualidade da educação, guardando relação com os sistemas nacional e estaduais de avaliação da educação básica.
Infância e consumo no YouTube
Authors: Salazar Guizzo Bianca , Costa da Silva Tamara
Published: October 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar como o conteúdo do canal do YouTube Luccas Neto, Luccas Toon, contribui para a propagação de representações de infâncias consumidoras. Para tanto, foram selecionados 15 vídeos postados no referido canal. As análises foram desenvolvidas tomando como referencial teórico os estudos culturais em Educação, de viés pós-estruturalista. No intuito de desenvolver uma análise cultural, a partir da assistência aos vídeos, foram destacadas imagens e transcrições de falas do youtuber consideradas recorrentes e de maior relevância. Neste artigo, discute-se a categoria “gestão de si como uma marca”. Os resultados apontaram que o canal coloca em circulação a representação de uma infância consumista que busca incessantemente por novidades no mercado. Isso que implica na apresentação de diversos produtos e na grande identificação das crianças com um indivíduo adulto que forja uma identidade infantil e reforça gostos e preferências dos fãs mirins.
Amor em ativismo
Authors: Silva Junior Fernando Joaquim da
Published: October 2022

Este artigo apresenta investigação etnográfica sobre um relacionamento gay sorodiferente e suas dinâmicas sociais emaranhadas em redes familiares e de ajuda mútua, segredo, cuidado e ativismo biossocial. Seguindo além de concepções biomédicas de gestão do risco e prevenção ao HIV, sem necessariamente negá-las, proponho complexificar as discussões acerca dessas experiências conjugais por meio de outros matizes. Mobilizo dados etnográficos junto aos/às ativistas do movimento HIV e AIDS no Rio Grande do Norte, especificamente de um casal de interlocutores sorodiferentes. Percebi que a dupla carga moral envolvendo a homossexualidade e o HIV produzia diferentes dilemas e reconfigurações das vivências conjugais dos interlocutores com suas redes sociais, afetivas e, principalmente, através da ressignificação de experiências de cuidado e de ativismo biossocial. Portanto, reconhecer as particularidades dessa forma de relação há quatro décadas da epidemia continua sendo relevante, sobretudo, pelo reconhecimento de sua complexidade em múltiplas dimensões sociais.
VIADUTO DA ERS-509 EM SANTA MARIA/RS
Authors: Pereira da Silva Jamile , Garcia Donoso Verônica
Published: October 2022

Os viadutos são equipamentos urbanos que cada vez mais têm sido usados como estratégia para desafogar o trânsito em locais onde existem vias em conflito. Inserir grandes equipamentos urbanos em regiões bastante povoadas gera mudanças em todo o contexto local com diferentes graus de impactos no entorno onde foi implantado. O que se tem inferido é que muitas vezes o projeto desses equipamentos urbanos não leva em consideração o impacto que causarão no seu entorno e no cotidiano da população que convive com eles. Este trabalho tem como objetivo entender como as pessoas interagem com o viaduto da ERS-509 em Santa Maria/RS. Através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre o assunto e após um levantamento de dados com o uso de mapas comportamentais e observação sistemática, foi possível obter resultados relevantes, que demonstram como a população da cidade interage com o viaduto. A pesquisa tem relevância por abordar questões de mobilidade e paisagem, e tem potencial de contribuição tanto para a continuidade de pesquisas no tema quanto para melhorias nos projetos de equipamentos urbanos no município e na região.
ANÁLISE VISUAL DO MOBILIÁRIO URBANO INFANTIL
Authors: Azevêdo Viviane , Veloso Isis
Published: October 2022

Espaços livres qualificados que satisfazem as necessidades de seus usuários influenciam positivamente o bem-estar dos indivíduos e, a longo prazo, contribuem com a sua qualidade de vida. De maneira oposta, aqueles que não atendem às preferências de seus utilizadores afetam negativamente o comportamento humano, influindo para a não utilização destes, e tornando-os subutilizados. Nesse contexto, a pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar as relações de uso e apropriação dos usuários (crianças e seus acompanhantes) pelo espaço livre e mobiliário destinado ao público infantil de um parque urbano localizado na cidade de Campina Grande-PB. Para a compreensão desses elementos, o trabalho foi dividido em duas etapas, a primeira etapa corresponde à análise visual urbana através da aplicação das ferramentas de visão serial, mapa mental e mapa psicogeográfico. A segunda etapa corresponde à análise visual do design através de ferramentas de categorias funcionais, de comunicação e investigação. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam que apesar dos  problemas identificados, relacionados ao déficit de mobiliários urbanos, interferência externa e interna de adultos, preferência por horários, composição visual desordenada e  qualificação superficial,  existe apropriação efetiva e satisfatória dos espaços e mobiliários urbanos infantis. Conclui-se, portanto, que o Parque da Criança promove aos seus utilizadores oportunidades de lazer e recreação infantil no âmbito dos espaços livres públicos urbanos e que os mobiliários que os constituem atuam diretamente como atrativos, estimulando a vivência da cidade.
OFICINA DE PROJETOS DE INTERVENÇÕES NO PATRIMÔNIO
Authors: Veloso Maísa , Do Nascimento José Clewton
Published: October 2022

Este artigo apresenta e discute uma experiência didática no âmbito do ensino de projeto de intervenções no patrimônio edificado, desenvolvida sob a forma de uma oficina semi-intensiva, nos meses de junho e julho de 2022, no Programa de Pós-graduação Profissional em Arquitetura, Projeto e Meio Ambiente (PPAPMA) da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). A oficina foi coordenada pelos professores autores deste texto e contou com a participação de uma doutoranda e de cinco mestrandos profissionais, citados oportunamente. A área de intervenção foi uma fração do bairro da Ribeira, no centro histórico da cidade de Natal/RN, inserida na poligonal do tombamento federal definida pelo IPHAN. Como produtos, foram propostos um masterplan para a área e três projetos de intervenção na preexistência, em dois edif´ícios de valor patrimonial e um lote semi-ocupado por uma edificação descaracterizada. A experiência atestou o significativo potencial didático-pedagógico da modalidade “Oficina de Projeto”,  como ambiência favorável à reflexão crítica e à criatividade projetual, em caráter complementar ao atelier de projeto convencional, no âmbito da formação profissional continuada em Arquitetura e Urbanismo.
Introduction to Photo-Catalysis﻿
Authors: Banerjee Diptonil , Sharma Amit Kumar , Das Nirmalya Sankar
Published: October 2022

The matter-energy reaction is the basis of a variety of fundamental scientific phenomena we have witnessed in nature. Photoreaction is related to the interaction of photons and the molecules of a substance. When the necessary photon in the ultra-violet or visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum is absorbed by the materials in concern, it may convert different poisonous elements into harmless substances, such as water and carbon dioxide. The study of photon physics and chemistry is fundamental for our understanding of the world we live in. The basic physiological processes through which the living species maintain their life cycles are also somehow related to the different photochemical reactions. Photo-catalysis happens to be a low-cost, versatile, and environment-friendly method that deals with a variety of harmful pollutants. Pollutants can be inorganic, organic, or even biological, and they can be found in both air and water. Photo-catalysis is a process in which the catalyst, light source, and contaminants must be in close proximity or contact. There have been numerous studies on the oxidation-induced removal of different organic pollutants as well as microorganisms, especially those found in water. In this chapter, we have covered the basics of photo-catalysis, the characteristics of various catalysts, their types, and photochemical laws, as well as the conditions and limitations of quantum yield.
Removal of Dyes by the Process of Adsorption
Authors: Banerjee Diptonil , Sharma Amit Kumar , Das Nirmalya Sankar
Published: October 2022

Adsorption is one of the simplest ways and means to remove dyes from water. The process of adsorption simply involves the removal of water contaminants that come in contact with adsorbents, i.e., the materials of interest. The material should only have sufficient surface area, porosity, and adequate numbers of adsorption sites. Besides being one of the simplest means of dye removal, the process has further advantages in that the same material may be used many times, i.e., regarding the recyclability of the material. Keeping all these in mind in this chapter, a detailed discussion regarding the adsorption process has been included. The discussion not only covers the basic principle of the process but also unfolds the analysis technique regarding the performance of certain material as an efficient absorber. The quantification of removal efficiency will also be a topic of discussion. The setup for such a kind of measurement will be unveiled, and most importantly, different theoretical models for such a process will also be a topic of interest in this chapter. The different models include the Langmuir model, Freundlich model, Temkin model, and others. An effort has also been made to enlighten the readers with the different reaction kinetics like pseudo-first-order, or second-order reaction kinetics. In every subsection, a few experimental data will be shown and discussed.
Marina Warner, Inventory of a Life Mislaid: An Unreliable Memoir
Authors: Zekri Masson Souhir
Published: October 2022

In The Encyclopedia of Life Writing, Francis Russell Hart is quoted as having written that ‘[m]emoirs personalize history and historicize the personal … memoirs are about individuals,’ but they can reflect ‘an event, an era, an institution, a class identity’ (qtd. in Buss 595). This fits in perfectly with Marina Warner’s Inventory of A Life Mislaid: An Unreliable Memoir, her latest publication and most openly autobiographical one. On the one hand, crucial historical moments are personalized such as post-World-War II British neo-colonialism or ‘soft power’ in Egypt and the ensuing 1952 Cairo riots whose circumstances and consequences her parents, Emilia Terzulli and Esmond Warner, went through. On the other hand, Warner’s personal past, or rather her parents’ first meeting, wedding and various trips which transported them from Bari to London, then to a cosmopolitan post-war Cairo where the father opened a WH Smith bookshop, are historicized.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Clinical Findings in Medical Imaging Exams in a Nationwide Israeli Health Organization: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Ozery-Flato Michal , Ein-Dor Liat , Pinchasov Ora , Dabush Kasa Miel , Hexter Efrat , Chodick Gabriel , Rosen-Zvi Michal , Guindy Michal
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic had a major effect on the consumption of health care services. Changes in the use of routine diagnostic exams, increased incidences of postacute COVID-19 syndrome (PCS), and other pandemic-related factors may have influenced detected clinical conditions.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on the use of outpatient medical imaging services and clinical findings therein, specifically focusing on the time period after the launch of the Israeli COVID-19 vaccination campaign. In addition, the study tested whether the observed gains in abnormal findings may be linked to PCS or COVID-19 vaccination.

METHODS

Our data set included 572,480 ambulatory medical imaging patients in a national health organization from January 1, 2019, to August 31, 2021. We compared different measures of medical imaging utilization and clinical findings therein before and after the surge of the pandemic to identify significant changes. We also inspected the changes in the rate of abnormal findings during the pandemic after adjusting for changes in medical imaging utilization. Finally, for imaging classes that showed increased rates of abnormal findings, we measured the causal associations between SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19–related hospitalization (indicative of COVID-19 complications), and COVID-19 vaccination and future risk for abnormal findings. To adjust for a multitude of confounding factors, we used causal inference methodologies.

RESULTS

After the initial drop in the utilization of routine medical imaging due to the first COVID-19 wave, the number of these exams has increased but with lower proportions of older patients, patients with comorbidities, women, and vaccine-hesitant patients. Furthermore, we observed significant gains in the rate of abnormal findings, specifically in musculoskeletal magnetic resonance (MR-MSK) and brain computed tomography (CT-brain) exams. These results also persisted after adjusting for the changes in medical imaging utilization. Demonstrated causal associations included the following: SARS-CoV-2 infection increasing the risk for an abnormal finding in a CT-brain exam (odds ratio [OR] 1.4, 95% CI 1.1-1.7) and COVID-19–related hospitalization increasing the risk for abnormal findings in an MR-MSK exam (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.9-5.3).

CONCLUSIONS

COVID-19 impacted the use of ambulatory imaging exams, with greater avoidance among patients at higher risk for COVID-19 complications: older patients, patients with comorbidities, and nonvaccinated patients. Causal analysis results imply that PCS may have contributed to the observed gains in abnormal findings in MR-MSK and CT-brain exams.
The Effect of Periodic Email Prompts on Participant Engagement With a Behavior Change mHealth App: Longitudinal Study (Preprint)
Authors: Agachi Elena , Bijmolt Tammo H A , van Ittersum Koert , Mierau Jochen O
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND

Following the need for the prevention of noncommunicable diseases, mobile health (mHealth) apps are increasingly used for promoting lifestyle behavior changes. Although mHealth apps have the potential to reach all population segments, providing accessible and personalized services, their effectiveness is often limited by low participant engagement and high attrition rates.

OBJECTIVE

This study concerns a large-scale, open-access mHealth app, based in the Netherlands, focused on improving the lifestyle behaviors of its participants. The study examines whether periodic email prompts increased participant engagement with the mHealth app and how this effect evolved over time. Points gained from the activities in the app were used as an objective measure of participant engagement with the program. The activities considered were physical workouts tracked through the mHealth app and interactions with the web-based coach.

METHODS

The data analyzed covered 22,797 unique participants over a period of 78 weeks. A hidden Markov model (HMM) was used for disentangling the overtime effects of periodic email prompts on participant engagement with the mHealth app. The HMM accounted for transitions between latent activity states, which generated the observed measure of points received in a week.

RESULTS

The HMM indicated that, on average, 70% (15,958/22,797) of the participants were in the inactivity state, gaining 0 points in total per week; 18% (4103/22,797) of the participants were in the average activity state, gaining 27 points per week; and 12% (2736/22,797) of the participants were in the high activity state, gaining 182 points per week. Receiving and opening a generic email was associated with a 3 percentage point increase in the likelihood of becoming active in that week, compared with the weeks when no email was received. Examining detailed email categories revealed that the participants were more likely to increase their activity level following emails that were in line with the program’s goal, such as emails regarding health campaigns, while being resistant to emails that deviated from the program’s goal, such as emails regarding special deals.

CONCLUSIONS

Participant engagement with a behavior change mHealth app can be positively influenced by email prompts, albeit to a limited extent. Given the relatively low costs associated with emails and the high population reach that mHealth apps can achieve, such instruments can be a cost-effective means of increasing participant engagement in the stride toward improving program effectiveness.
Development and Exploration of the Effectiveness and Feasbility of a Digital Intervention for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DEsireD)- a Clinical Non-randomised Pilot Trial in Brunei Darussalam: Study Protocol (Preprint)
Authors: Chan Hiu Nam , Lim Hong Shen , Chong Pui Lin , Yung Chee Kwang , bte Hj Awang Abd Mulok Dayang Hjh Musjarena , Wei Yuan , Chan Si Yee , Yong Alice Moi Ling
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing worldwide, and the estimated prevalence is 12.4% amongst the 20-75 years old group in Brunei Darussalam. Digital intervention has been shown to be cost-effective in the management of T2DM and provide a better accessibility of lifestyle intervention. A combination of digital intervention with support by professional management can enhance users with better self-efficacy than digital intervention alone.

OBJECTIVE

The study aims to determine the potential effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed 16-week digital intervention programme for T2DM self-management, and to guide the roll out of a mobile application (APP) as part of the population health solution for adults with T2DM in Brunei Darussalam. The primary outcome of this study is to measure the proportion of participants with HbA1c reduction of at least 0.6% from baseline; and the secondary outcomes include a change in 1) HbA1c, 2) body mass index, 3) lipid profile and 4) EQ-5D-5L.

METHODS

This single-arm, non-randomised pilot study includes 1) participant recruitment in an online [leverage on the national healthcare information and management system to select eligible individuals, national healthcare APP (BruHealth) and official social media platforms for outreach] and offline manner (in-person recruitment at health centres), 2) selection of 180 individuals with T2DM aged between 20 and 70 years who fulfill the study inclusion criteria with baseline data collection at offline health centres, followed by enrolment into a 16-week digital intervention programme which consists of online and offline support, 3) evaluation of relevant markers post-intervention (state markers being measured).

RESULTS

The study started in April 2022. It has received approval by the Medical and Health Research and Ethics Committee of the Brunei Ministry of Health (MHREC/MOH/2022/4(1)). This pilot study is still ongoing and preliminary results will be available by November 2022.

CONCLUSIONS

The conclusions will be able to provide evidence to prove the effectiveness of the developed 16-week digital intervention programme for T2DM management, feasibility of the proposed model of care and as a guide to roll out an APP as a digital solution in Brunei Darussalam with the intention to optimise the quality of life for individuals with T2DM.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05364476
Role of Oral Intake, Mobility, and Activity Measures in Informing Discharge Recommendations for Hospitalized Inmate and Noninmate Patients With COVID-19: Retrospective Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Briggs Matthew S , Kolbus Erin Shevawn , Patterson Kevin Michael , Harmon-Matthews Lindsay Elizabeth , McGrath Shana , Quatman-Yates Catherine C , Meirelles Cristiane , Salsberry Marka Jean
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND

Patients who were incarcerated were disproportionately affected by COVID-19 compared with the general public. Furthermore, the impact of multidisciplinary rehabilitation assessments and interventions on the outcomes of patients admitted to the hospital with COVID-19 is limited.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to compare the functional outcomes of oral intake, mobility, and activity between inmates and noninmates diagnosed with COVID-19 and examine the relationships among these functional measures and discharge destination.

METHODS

A retrospective analysis was performed on patients admitted to the hospital for COVID-19 at a large academic medical center. Scores on functional measures including the Functional Oral Intake Scale and Activity Measure for Postacute Care (AM-PAC) were collected and compared between inmates and noninmates. Binary logistic regression models were used to evaluate the odds of whether patients were discharged to the same place they were admitted from and whether patients were being discharged with a total oral diet with no restrictions. Independent variables were considered significant if the 95% CIs of the odds ratios (ORs) did not include 1.0.

RESULTS

A total of 83 patients (inmates: n=38; noninmates: n=45) were included in the final analysis. There were no differences between inmates and noninmates in the initial (P=.39) and final Functional Oral Intake Scale scores (P=.35) or in the initial (P=.06 and P=.46), final (P=.43 and P=.79), or change scores (P=.97 and P=.45) on the AM-PAC mobility and activity subscales, respectively. When examining separate regression models using AM-PAC mobility or AM-PAC activity scores as independent variables, greater age upon admission decreased the odds (OR 0.922, 95% CI 0.875-0.972 and OR 0.918, 95% CI 0.871-0.968) of patients being discharged with a total oral diet with no restrictions. The following factors increased the odds of patients being discharged to the same place they were admitted from: being an inmate (OR 5.285, 95% CI 1.334-20.931 and OR 6.083, 95% CI 1.548-23.912), “Other” race (OR 7.596, 95% CI 1.203-47.968 and OR 8.515, 95% CI 1.311-55.291), and female sex (OR 4.671, 95% CI 1.086-20.092 and OR 4.977, 95% CI 1.146-21.615).

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this study provide an opportunity to learn how functional measures may be used to better understand discharge outcomes in both inmate and noninmate patients admitted to the hospital with COVID-19 during the initial period of the pandemic.
An Ecological Sailing Towards Amitav Ghosh’s Ibis Trilogy: A Historical Perspective
Authors: Bawa Ekta , Arora Dr. Shaifali
Published: October 2022

This paper is an ecocritical reading of Amitav Ghosh’s Ibis Trilogy which comprises of three historical fictions, Sea of Poppies (2008), River of Smoke (2011) and Flood of Fire (2015). It is a documentary of the opium trade between India and China and the trafficking of people as indentured labors by the East India Company during the mid-nineteenth century. The paper will examine the ecocentric dimensions in the work of Ghosh. Ecocriticism is a rapidly emerging field of literary study that considers the relationship which human beings share with the environment. The main issues that become very prominent in these novels are Ecological Imperialism and Ecocide. These terms are portrayed by Ghosh in his Ibis Trilogy in a very realistic manner with the grand scale of opium war. Opium war is one of the greatest incidents in the colonial history of India. This paper will analyse the issue of environmental degradation as found in the Ibis Trilogy in the light of ecocriticism.
Destitution, Optimism, and Resistance for Identity in Bandhu Madhav’s The Poisoned Bread
Authors: Shankar Pooja
Published: October 2022

Life itself is comprised of many favorable and unfavorable situations. Our lives are hampered by unfavorable circumstances, and these adverse situations change the progress of our life into a decline. Because of factors like caste, poverty, and other comparable issues, we frequently suffer identity crises in our daily lives. But without attempting to change the situation, it is impossible to envision a successful era and identity for us. Having an optimistic outlook on life provides us the strength to confront and altar the circumstances. Literature provides numerous real life examples of such situations, which make us question the assumption that just because there is a human, there must also be humanity. Literature also makes us aware of the conditions under which a person must struggle to survive and to protect his rights. However, only a person with an optimistic attitude on life is capable of enduring this struggle. Bandhu Madhav’s short story ‘The Poisoned Bread’ makes us aware of the helplessness of life but also emphasizes the importance of maintaining a positive attitude, which always brings a ray of hope to our lives. This paper will talk about destitution, optimism, and resistance for identity in Bandhu Madhav’s ‘The Poisoned Bread’ and will convey a valuable message that humans must have humanity.
Estilos de apego adulto y regulación emocional en población de Quito, Ecuador
Authors: Díaz-Mosquera Elena , Merlyn Sacoto Marie-France , Latorre Vaca Grace
Published: October 2022

El objetivo de este estudio fue explorar la asociación entre estilos de apego adulto y regulación emocional. Participaron 290 estudiantes de 18 a 25 años (M = 21.18; DE = 2.86), procedentes de varias carreras universitarias de dos instituciones de educación superior de Quito (Ecuador), seleccionados por agrupamiento casual. Para la medición se utilizaron dos instrumentos. El primero fue la escala Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised (ECR-R), validada en el contexto ecuatoriano, con la que se evaluó el tipo de apego en las relaciones de pareja. El segundo instrumento fue la escala Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), en su versión original traducida al castellano, empleada para evaluar dificultades en regulación emocional. Los resultados demostraron que el apego seguro se presenta en mayor porcentaje en las participantes mujeres (60 %), que no existen diferencias por sexo en los indicadores de regulación emocional (p > .05) y que, en la población estudiada, hay una asociación entre estilos inseguros de apego adulto y desregulación emocional (p < .05). Se concluye que los modelos positivos de sí mismo y de los demás, así como los niveles bajos de ansiedad y evitación, presentes en el estilo de apego seguro, constituyen factores protectores que contribuyen a la regulación emocional.
Evaluation of the Patentability of Medicines based on plants produced in Cameroon: Case of Yaounde
Authors: Aude Périne Minyem Ngombi Afuh , Kevin Ekeme , Saurelle Maniepi , Vanessa Charlotte Soppo Lobe , Martin Nyangono Ndongo , Jeanne Mauricette Mbole Mvondo , Chimène Benga , Nga Nnanga
Published: October 2022

Objective: Assess the patentability of medicines based on plants produced in Cameroon.

Materials and Methods: An analytical study, conducted at the Library of the Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Yaoundé I and the Directorate of Pharmacy, Drug and Laboratories (DPML) from November 2021 to June 2022. We conducted a consecutive and non-exhaustive sampling that allowed us to identify 51 drugs and evaluate 16 of them. After that, we proceeded to assess the patentability of our samples exclusively on the criteria of novelty, inventive ability and industrial application.

Results: With regard to patentability, we obtained a patentability percentage of 75%, which shows that the potential for innovation in traditional medicine is enormous.

Conclusion: Cameroon has a rich plant heritage with high therapeutic potential, which it is important to develop. The patent, provides researchers guaranteed and solutions for the protection and enhancement of their inventions.
Formulation and Evaluation of Pluronic -Lecithin Organogel Containing Natural Moisturizing Agent for Xerosis
Authors: Trivedi Rashmi , Samrit Shraddha , Amgaokar Yogesh , Supe Urvashi , Umekar Milind , Wadher Kamlesh
Published: October 2022

Xerosis is a common skin condition as well as a key aspect of a number of diseases associated to hereditary and acquired conditions. The objective of this study was to formulate and evaluate the pluronic lecithin organogel containing natural moisturizing agents for topical application.  Different formulations of pluronic lecithin organogels were prepared by using Pluronic F127, Lecithin, Vitamin E, Aloe vera, water, sorbic acid, and potassium sorbate. The gel containing different quantities of Polaxomer, soya lecithin and polyvinyl alcohol were characterized for their mechanical properties and moisturizing capabilities.The pH of the formulations was 6.89- 7.19 reflecting no risk of skin irritation. Pluronic enhances the stability of organogel by increasing the viscosity. The polymeric films, which were produced, were thin, flexible, resistant, and suitable for application on limbs and feet. Studies showed that the film was intact for longer period of time. The results obtained showed that the polymeric films formed from organogel containing vitamin E and Aloe vera could be an innovative therapeutic approach for enhancing the moisturization of skin.

Keywords: Organogel, film forming gel, dry skin, Aloe vera, Vitamin E, soya lecithin, Pluronic F127
Hepato and Nephro-protective Potentials of Gongronema latifolium in Streptozotocin Induced diabetic Rat Model
Authors: Ujong Gabriel Otu , Beshel Justin Atiang , Etah Nkanu Etah , Ofem Ofem Effiong , Okon Idara Asuquo
Published: October 2022

Gongronema latifolium (GL) is reported to have hepato-protective and nephron-protective ability. Diabetes is associated with liver and kidney damage. This work was designed to evaluate the effect of ethanolic leaf extract of Gongronema latifolium on liver and kidney functions in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. 40 Wistar rats of both sexes (150g-200g) were divided into five (n=8). Group 1- normal control (received normal saline placebo orally). Group 2 received 200mg/kg GL orally. Group 3 was the diabetic group administered 65mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ) intraperitoneally for two consecutive days with an interval of one day in between. Group 4 (diabetic + GL group) had STZ (65mg/kg i.p.) + oral administration of 200mg/kg GL. Group 5 was the diabetic group treated with insulin subcutaneously. Blood samples were collected via cardiac puncture to assess Liver enzymes activity, Serum electrolytes biomarkers, Urea and Creatinine. The Result shows a significant (P<0.05) increase in the glucose level of the diabetic group compared to the control. Intervention with GL and insulin significantly reduced the glucose level towards normal. The liver enzymes activity was significantly (p<0.05) increased in the diabetic group but was significantly (p<0.01) decreased following treatment with GL and insulin. Sodium, potassium, chloride, urea and creatinine were significantly (p<0.01) increased in the diabetic group with a decrease in bicarbonate. GL and insulin significantly (p<0.01) reversed these changes in electrolytes and liver enzymes activity towards normal. Results presented shows that GL just like insulin possess hypoglycemic, nephro and hepato-protective potential. Thus, in diabetic condition, Gongronema latifolium leaf extract may exert ameliorative effect on these target organs.

Keywords: Gongronema Latifolium, Diabetes, insulin, serum electrolytes, liver enzymes, rats.
Behavior to Overcome Rheumatic Pain in the Elderly
Authors: Mustika I Wayan , Pratiwi Ni Putu Indah Mas
Published: October 2022

Rheumatism is an autoimmune disease in which the joints experience inflammation, resulting in swelling, pain and often causes damage to the inside of the joints. The high incidence of rheumatism in the elderly is due to the demographic characteristics of the elderly and their behavior in dealing with rheumatic pain is not maximal. The purpose of this study is to describe the behavior of dealing with rheumatic pain in the elderly in Mengwitani Village, Mengwi District, Badung Regency in 2021. This research is a descriptive study using a cross sectional approach. The sampling method in this study is to use non-probability sampling with consecutive sampling. The research was conducted in January - April 2021 in Mengwitani Village with a total sample of 66 respondents. The results of this study, in terms of the characteristics of the respondents, found that the most age suffered from rheumatic pain was 60-74 years, 50 respondents (75.8%), with the most gender being 43 respondents (65.2%), the most education was SD 53 respondents (80, 3%), and most jobs are traders 24 respondents (36.4%). Based on the results of the research on the behavior of dealing with rheumatic pain in the elderly, a small proportion of them had less knowledge as much as 8 respondents (12.1%), most of them had sufficient attitudes, namely 53 respondents (80.3%), and 24 respondents (36.4%) have actions that are classified as good in dealing with rheumatic pain. For the elderly it is recommended to make lifestyle changes so that they can reduce the risk of rheumatism