bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between Digital Addiction and Sleep Habits for Preschool Children
Authors: Neamat Ahmed Sabah , Shawq Adraa Hussein , Mohammed Wasnaa Jomaa
Published: July 2022

Background: Excessive screen time has been shown to be a harmful habit that starts in the beginning of child life. However, little is known about the factors that influence children use of digital media. Increased digital time in young children has been associated to unfavorable health effects, such as an increase in BMI. Objective(s): The aim of this study is to detect the association between digital addiction and sleep habits for preschool children. Methodology: A descriptive (Cross-Sectional Design) study was conducted on preschooler’s parents by using the instrument of the study, the study was carried out through different governmental kindergartens at Al-Russafa and Al-Karkh Districts in Baghdad City to assess sleep habits regarding digital screen addiction for preschool children through period from November 1st, 2021, to March 7th 2022. The accessible population included the preschooler’s parents whom their children attended to Government kindergartens. Non-probability, convenient sample of (200) child and parents is selected; (100) participant from Al-Rusafa District Government Kindergartens and (100) participant from Al-Karkh District Government Kindergartens. Results: The results indicates that 62% of preschooler using digital screens at moderate level of addiction, and the mean score was moderate (30.03±4.039), and that 53% of preschool children show fair level of sleep style, and the mean score was fair (39.19±4.513). Conclusion: More than half of the study sample scored on moderate level on digital screen addiction. Half of study sample scored on fair level of sleep style. Recommendations: Increase parent’s awareness about the negative effect of digital screen up on children by social media and educational posters. More future studies about the effects of digital screen up on the different age groups of children. Keywords: Digital Addiction, Sleep Habits, Preschool Children.
A Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders among Physiotherapists during COVID-19 in Western Region of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mohamed Salem , Gihan Mousa , Ghada Hawsawi , Batool Kalantan , Jude Faraj , Asma Alqurashi , Samarah Yamani , Rana Bogari , Waad Al Mazni , Alanoud Al Sulami , Bashyir Al Sharif , Shatha Yalli
Published: July 2022

Background: COVID-19 pandemic exposed health care providers such as physiotherapists to physical injuries. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders refer to musculoskeletal injuries caused by the occupation. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among physical therapists during COVID-19 in western region of Saudi Arabia. Method: Researchers performed a cross-sectional web-based survey (questionnaire) targeting physiotherapists in western Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic. The questionnaire composed of 3 parts: personal, occupational and physical. One hundred and ten physical therapists who replied were working at 18 public and health hospitals of the western region of Saudi Aribia, providing direct care for patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Result: A total of 110 physiotherapists [(60%) females and (40%) males] participated in this study. The overall prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders as follows: neck, shoulder, wrist/hand region (42.1%), lower back (28.9%), and neck, upper back (15.8%). The most common types of injuries were muscle strain (42.1%), pain and spasm (28.9%), and vertebral disc problem and ligament sprain (21.1%). Conclusion: The prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among physiotherapists during the COVID-19 pandemic in western region of Saudi Arabia was high in the neck, shoulder, and wrist/hand regions. Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic, work-related musculoskeletal disorders, physiotherapists.
Study of XPD Gene Polymorphism in HCV Positive HCC Egyptian Patients
Authors: Madkour Bothaina , Mahmouad Ola , Sabry Omar M. , Mashaal Ahmed R. , Refaiy Mohamed A. El- , Fouad Rabab
Published: July 2022

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most frequently occurring tumorous cells globally, but its pathogenesis is unknown. Xeroderma pigmentosum gene D (XPD) is a critical Repair of DNA gene that has been implicated in protein mutation. Aim: The objectives of this research were to assess the relationship between the XPD gene polymorphism (rs13181) (codon 751, Lys to Gln) and susceptibility to hepatocellular neoplasms, as well as to investigate the relationship between HCV and XPD polymorphisms. Methods: Seventy-nine HCC patients and 63 patients with active HCV infection, and 52 healthy controls were involved. Real-time PCR carried out for genotyping of XPD Lys751Gln (rs 13181). Results: Patients with XPD Lys751Gln AC genotype have a great risk of HCC development (p = 0.01, OR =1.505). Conclusion: Our finding was that XPD Lys751Gln (A/C) polymorphism exhibit a major function in HCC early detection susceptibility in Egyptian patients. It has the potential to be a valuable noninvasive molecular indicator for evaluating the HCC threat. Keywords: HCC; RT-PCR; XPD gene polymorphism
Analytical investigation on interlocking brick masonry with RC frame
Authors: Dinesh Ram G , Rahman S Syed Abdul
Published: July 2022

Bricks, which are constructed of sand, lime, concrete, and fly ash, are the traditional materials used in masonry construction. Traditional bricks, of course, come with high insulation and fire-resistant characteristics. There is a demand for traditional bricks around the world, which must be cost, energy, and time-efficient. Mortarless interlocking brick is now being used in this alternate quest for the mortar revolution. These interlocking bricks have protrusions on their surface and look like regular bricks. The goal of interlocking bricks is to create a beautiful perspective with continuous patterns in masonry walls while also allowing construction in rural regions without the use of trained personnel. To achieve suitable structural strength, interlocking bricks do not require mortar to join the individual brick components. As a result, mortarless masonry walls will save 35 percent on construction costs, or 20 to 40% on labour costs. Naturally, earthquakes are widespread these days, however, unlike normal bricks, interlocking bricks are seismic-resistant materials that can withstand earthquake stresses. The lateral load in the analytical research and preliminary testing were completed in the first phase. The RC Frame with Interlocking Bricks will be included in the analytical investigation.
comparative study on arterial blood gas analysis among COPD patients and non-COPD patients
Authors: Katariya Dharmendra , Tomar Mukesh Singh , Charel Kailash , Pandey Smriti
Published: July 2022

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was confused with so many diseases but as the knowledge and medical skill advance gradually a dramatic change could be observed about all diseases. Cigarette smoking is a leading cause of COPD. Objective: The study principally aims to compare arterial blood gas analysis among patients having chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and healthy control cases. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted in 200 patients attended a department with 100 COPD patients and 100 healthy patients. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria patients were recruited. All patients were under go through ABG analysis. Informed consent was obtained from each patient. P value less than 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: The results of present study indicated that there were significantly greater alteration in the blood gases and acid base chemistry, particularly PaO2, PaCO2 in patients who show evidence of various complications mentioned earlier. Conclusion: It has thus been inferred that although COPD patients had pH within the normal range the majority of them had low normal values. This study concluded that all parameters of ABG were statistically significantly deranged in chronic bronchitis, emphysema and chronic bronchitis with emphysema patients.
Human behavior
Authors: Sulistyo Aris Budi , Kuncoro Amin , Ahmad Rahmat , Dwipayana Arif Devi , Oktavianus Riz Rifai
Published: July 2022

The purpose of the study was to analyze the driver management of conventional vehicles and listic vehicles from a human behavior perspective. Research design uses quantitative descriptive with a post-positivism approach. The study sample was drivers who used conventional vehicles and drivers who used electric cars which amounted to 133 respondents. Data sources use primary data and skunders. The results of the study explained that conventional vehicle drivers are more self-interested due to habitual factors, as well as drivers in electric vehicles, also have the same thoughts, this is due to habitual factors. However, there is a noticeable difference that is when viewed from economic factors, namely in the aspect of fuel expenditure, prestice and smarter design.
Nutritional intervention could improve long term outcome post LDLT in limited resources university hospital in Egypt
Authors: Ibrahim Shaimaa Mohammed , Nabil Ahmed , Mansour Doaa , Saad Yasmin , Ziada Dina Hazem , Said Mohammed , Elshazly Mostafa Abdelrahman , El Sayed Negm Osama
Published: July 2022

Introduction: liver transplantation (LT) is considered as salvage therapy for those with irreversible liver failure. Malnutrition is prevalent in transplanted patient’s pre and post transplantation. Objective: to analyze the nutritional status of patients post living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) by using different nutritional assessment tools with nutritional modification in order to improve the outcomes post liver transplantation. Materials and methods: Our prospective cohort study was conducted on 30 who underwent liver transplantation before the study, they were nutritionally assessed through different nutritional scores and anthropometric parameters with application of nutritional modification. Results: ALT and AST decreased significantly and normalized at 6 months with p-value .025, .036; respectively. HbA1c, fasting blood sugar and post prandial blood sugar levels decreased after 6 months. There was statistically significant improvement in lipid profile after 3 and 6 months with nutritional modification. There was significant improvement (p= 0.017) in metabolic syndrome. There is correlation between numbers of years from transplantation and appearance of metabolic syndrome Regarding dyslipidemia, there was significant improvement after 6 months (p< 0.001).CAP study showed improvement (p= 0.014).
Invaliditet kao pojam i iskustvo
Authors: Vuk Martina
Published: July 2022

U posljednje vrijeme nailazimo na velik interes i zauzetost oko razumijevanja invaliditeta i uključivanja osoba s invaliditetom u šira područja društvene djelatnosti. Ipak višestruki pozitivni primjeri društvene djelatnosti i skrbi unutar pastoralne teologije nedostatni su za sustavno i strukturalno razumijevanje invaliditeta. Stoga je potreban otvoren, epistemološki i konstruktivan dijalog kako s teologijom invaliditeta tako i sa studijem invaliditeta. Autorica u članku ističe potrebu integracije studija invaliditeta u akademsko područje kršćanske teologije s ciljem produbljivanja konceptualnog razmišljanja o invaliditetu kao i proširivanja okvira teološke zainteresiranosti za invaliditet. Osim prikaza povijesnih i suvremenih pristupa invaliditetu, kako unutar suvremene socijalno-kulturološke stvarnosti tako i unutar kršćanske teologije i pastoralne prakse, krajnji je cilj ovog pristupa ukazati na ispravnost konceptualnog i teorijskog razumijevanja i primjene znanja o invaliditetu. To će se ponajprije postići kroz postavljanje ispravne terminologije i društveno-kulturološke percepcije u odnosu na invaliditet u prvom dijelu. U drugom dijelu rada cilj je naglasiti važnost teologije invaliditeta kao posebne grane teologije, dok će se u trećem dijelu invaliditetu pridati teološko razumijevanje i time otvoriti put za ispravnije teološko definiranje invaliditeta.
Experiencia exitosa en la gestión de residuos sólidos en el Colegio San José, de la ciudad de Bluefields
Authors: Suárez Miranda Ingrid Yoxcely , Castillo Aguilar Jennyfer del Socorro , Ruíz Acevedo Tania Veruzka , Flores-Pacheco Juan Asdrúbal
Published: July 2022

Esta investigación consta de dos fases. Se partió del diagnóstico en el Colegio San José de la ciudad de Bluefields, Región Autónoma de la Costa Caribe Sur, Nicaragua, sobre las capacidades técnicas y los conocimientos de la población (alumnos, docentes, padres de familia y personal administrativo) respecto al manejo y gestión de residuos sólidos. Se identificaron limitaciones en la conceptualización para el manejo exitoso de la gestión; se identificó carencia de la cantidad de recipientes necesarios para la recolección, selección y reciclaje/reúso del material generado por el colegio. Se reconoció la necesidad de capacitaciones dirigidas a la mejora de la gestión de los residuos del colegio y en la segunda fase se formuló un plan piloto de manejo de residuos sólidos. Dentro de sus componentes se desarrollaron capacitaciones a la población del centro. Paralelamente, se aumentó el número de recipientes rotulados, mejorando la distribución con relación a la población estudiantil. Se logró la selección de los residuos, el aumento de la cantidad de residuos en sus depósitos, reduciendo la carga al tren de aseo municipal. La metodología empleada es ajustable y aplicable en otros centros educativos, teniendo su mayor impacto al conjugar esfuerzos las autoridades municipales y regionales de los sectores educativos y ambientales
Apresentação do Dossiê Especial “PLUENPLI - Plurilinguismo, Ensino de Línguas e Políticas Linguísticas”
Authors: Daher Claudia Helena , Rocha da Cunha Karine Marielly
Published: July 2022

Este número reúne textos sobre plurilinguismo, ensino de línguas e políticas linguísticas que foram temas do Congresso Internacional PluEnPLi. O evento ocorreu de forma online nos dias 27, 28 e 29 de setembro de 2021, na Universidade Federal do Paraná.
Tingkat Kecemasan, Pengetahuan dan Dukungan Keluarga Ibu Balita di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 dengan Status Kunjungan Ke Posyandu
Authors: Aininnisa Qurrotul
Published: July 2022

Pendahuluan: Pelaksanaan posyandu ada beberapa kekhawatiran dan kecemasan  tertular oleh Covid-19 yang  dirasakan  oleh ibu peserta posyandu. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi adalah kecemasan, pengetahuan dan dukungan keluarga.
Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat kecemasan, pengetahuan dan dukungan keluarga ibu balita dengan status kunjungan ke posyandu di desa gunung menyan wilayah kerja puskesmas cibening tahun 2022.
Metode: Jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode survey analitik. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 50 responden dengan menggunakan teknik probability sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuesioner tentang tingkat kecemasan, pengetahuan, dan dukungan keluarga dengan status kunjungan ke posyandu.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini adalah adanya hubungan tingkat kecemasan (P=0,014), pengetahuan (P=0,000, OR (95%CI=2,425), dukungan keluarga ibu balita (P=0,032, OR (95%CI=2,658) dengan status kunjungan ke posyandu.
Kesimpulan: Tingkat kecemasan ibu balita mayoritas pada kategori sedang, tingkat pengetahuan ibu balita berada kategori tinggi, mayoritas ibu balita mendapatkan dukungan keluarga yang tinggi dan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat kecermasan, pengetahuan dan dukungan keluarga dengan kunjungan ke posyandu.
WhatsApp Group Dapat Mempengaruhi Pola Makan Remaja Perempuan Yang Mengalami Gastritis
Authors: Vellyasari Desy
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Gastritis or ulcer disease is a very disturbing disease. This gastritis usually occurs in people who have irregular eating patterns and eat foods that can stimulate the production of stomach acid. Gastritis is more common in teenagers, especially teenage girls who more often have irregular eating patterns and who like to procrastinate eating. If gastritis is not treated immediately, it will cause dangerous complications such as upper gastrointestinal bleeding, peptic ulcer, and gastric perforation.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of WhatsApp groups on the eating patterns of adolescent girls who experience gastritis in Sarua Indah Village, South Tangerang City.
Methods: The research design used in this study was the One Group Pre-test Post-test design with the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with a total sample of 30 respondents.
Result: In the Wilcoxon signed rank test results obtained p-value 0.000 <0.05.
Conclusion: This study concludes that there is an effect of WhatsApp groups on the eating patterns of teenage girls who experience gastritis in Sarua Indah Village, South Tangerang City in 2021.
the formulation of the basil (Ocimum Basilicum Linn) leaf juiced ointment as a liniment
Authors: Hasanah Iim
Published: July 2022

Basil is traditional medicinal plants found a lot of in Indonesia. Basil leaves affication as analgetic, antiinflamantory, bacteria and antioxidant. This study aims to make an ointment stock that fulfills the requirements of preparation, knowing the physical properties of basil (Ocimum sanctum L) leaf juice. This research is an experimental research by making and evaluating basil leaves ointment preparations. The result of this research is that the juice of basil leaves (Ocimum sanctum L) containing the flavanoid compounds, tannins, and steroids and can be made as ointment stock that fulfill the requirements of physical properties evaluation. The organoleptic test included color, odor, and texture, from the three bases, it showed that the different types of basil leaf-squeezed ointment bases caused differences in the strength of the ointment preparations, while the color showed clear white and green. In the pH test, the three preparations had a pH of 5, the pH met the requirements for the pH of the topical preparation, which is between 4 – 6 which is the same as the normal pH of the skin. The homogeneity test of the three preparations showed that the preparations were homogeneous (no coarse lumps). The dispersion test has a dispersion of FI 3,5 cm, FII 5 cm, FIII 5,2 cm. Meanwhile the adhesion test is 4 seconds, 4,30 seconds, and 4,50 seconds. Keywords : Basil leaves, Evaluation tests, Ointments
Correlations between physico-chemical properties and dielectric behavior of thermally aged XLPE cables insulation
Authors: Sebbane Yasmina , Boubakeur Ahmed , Mekhaldi Abdelouahab
Published: July 2022

The carried out investigations aim at clarifying the correlations between physico-chemical properties and the variation of dielectric losses of Cross-Linked Polyethylene (XLPE) as Medium Voltage cable insulation during thermal aging. The used cables were manufactured by ELSEWEDY CABLES. They have been installed in Algeria where they must resist high temperatures that could exceed 50 degrees in the south of the country. For this aim, thermal aging measurements were performed on XLPE cables samples at 80, 100 and 140 °C for aging time of 5000 hours. The chemical properties were evaluated through Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrum (FTIR). In addition, the effect of aging on the crystallinity ratio, the lamellar thickness and the melting peak temperature was assessed using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Frequency domain dielectric spectroscopy has been conducted on the aged XLPE cables in order to study the evolution of the dielectric losses. The obtained results showed that the principal aging mechanism is thermal oxidation which heads to deteriorate the morphology and increase both the polarization and losses, principally at low frequencies. It has been found that the color changes caused by the chains scission indicate the increase of interfaces between the cable insulating and semi-conductive layers, which could head to increase the dielectric losses due to the interfacial polarization.
UNA NARRAZIONE AUTOBIOGRAFICA RADICATA NELL’ALTERITÀ: LA RAPPRESENTAZIONE LETTERARIA DELL’APPRENDIMENTO LINGUISTICO
Authors: Meozzi Tommaso
Published: July 2022

Analizzando opere letterarie sia di autori nati in Italia e poi emigrati, sia di scrittori immigrati in Italia, che hanno scelto di scrivere in italiano le proprie opere, l’articolo mostra il rapporto costitutivo tra io e alterità caratteristico dell’autobiografia linguistica. Imparare un’altra lingua significa prima di tutto confrontarsi drasticamente con l’impossibilità del rapporto simbiotico, che l’individuo plurilingue non può più proiettare né sulla lingua madre e le figure familiari, né sul sostituto di una completa identificazione tra individuo e società. La lingua materna diventa così da una parte fantasma che evoca sensi di colpa e un simbolico “matricidio”, dall’altra serbatoio di esperienze che possono confluire nella scrittura e mettere l’individuo in contatto con i propri desideri più profondi. A sua volta, la seconda lingua può diventare oggetto di diverse strategie di elaborazione: dalla distorsione aggressiva, al confronto interculturale, alla maturazione di una competenza metalinguistica e pragmatica.

 

An autobiographical narrative rooted in otherness: the literary representation of language learning

By analyzing literary works both by authors born in Italy and then emigrated, and by writers immigrated to Italy, who have chosen to write their works in Italian, the article shows the constitutive relationship between self and otherness which is characteristic of linguistic autobiography. Learning another language means first of all dealing with the impossibility of the symbiotic relationship which the multilingual individual can no longer project either on the mother tongue and family figures, or on the substitute of a complete identification between the individual and society. The mother tongue thus becomes on the one hand a ghost that evokes feelings of guilt and a symbolic "matricide", on the other hand a reservoir of experiences that can flow into writing and put the individual in contact with their deepest desires. In turn, the second language can become the object of different processing strategies: from aggressive distortion, to intercultural confrontation, to the maturation of a metalinguistic and pragmatic competence.
LA STORIA DELLE VOCI “LINGUE” E “LINGUISTICA” DI CARLO TAGLIAVINI
Authors: Grassano Matteo
Published: July 2022

Il saggio ripercorre la storia degli articoli Lingue e Linguistica di Carlo Tagliavini, pubblicati nel 1934 nel XXI volume dell’Enciclopedia Italiana. Dopo averne ricostruito la genesi e riassunto il contenuto, il saggio si sofferma sul lavoro di rielaborazione e aggiornamento a cui Tagliavini sottopose le due voci nei tre decenni successivi alla loro stesura. Gli articoli furono infatti ampliati e trasformati in pubblicazioni indipendenti. Il fatto che questo lavoro – che si spinse fino agli anni Sessanta – trovi la sua origine in due voci enciclopediche è spia dell’importanza che ebbe per l’autore la partecipazione alla sezione linguistica dell’Enciclopedia Italiana.

 

The history of voices, languages and linguistics by Carlo Tagliavini

This essay traces the history of Carlo Tagliavini’s Lingue e Linguistica entries published in 1934 in the XXI volume of the Enciclopedia Italiana. After reconstructing their genesis and summarizing their contents, the paper focuses on the work of revising and updating the articles that Tagliavini carried out during the following three decades. The original articles were expanded and transformed into independent publications. The fact that this reworking – which went on until the 1960s – originated from two encyclopaedic entries shows the importance of Tagliavini’s participation in the linguistic section of the Enciclopedia Italiana.
MORFOLOGIA DIACRONICA E PARITÀ DI GENERE
Authors: Miglietta Annarita
Published: July 2022

Il presente saggio s’inserisce nel filone degli studi sulla discriminazione di genere, in particolare focalizza l’attenzione su alcune dissimmetrie morfologiche. Lo studio, basato sull’utilizzo di dizionari cartacei e digitali, si propone di dimostrare come l’italiano, lingua che ha una potente risorsa morfologica, talvolta, soprattutto per la denominazioni di alcune professioni – ingegnera, architetta, avvocata e giudice – incorra in blocchi di regole sicuramente non dovuti alla grammatica, ma dipendenti da una visione del mondo declinata al maschile (non di rado radicata ed introiettata dalle stesse donne) e dal contesto extralinguistico che ne impediscono la normale applicazione. Ai fini della presente ricerca, per un’indagine che tenga conto della variazione nella frequenza d’uso dei nomi delle professioni oggetto d’analisi in un arco temporale abbastanza ampio, dal 1800 al 2019, è stato utilizzato Ngram Viewer, un programma di Google, che consente di fare analisi su corpora di testi di numerose lingue, compresa l’italiana.

 

Diachronic morphology and gender equality

This paper is part of the study of gender discrimination, in particular focused on some morphological dissymmetries. The study, based on the use of printed and electronic dictionaries, aims to demonstrate how Italian, a language that has a powerful morphological resource, sometimes especially for the denominations of certain occupations – engineer, architect, lawyer and judge – encounters rule blocks certainly not due to grammar, but dependent on a male-oriented worldview (not infrequently rooted and introjected by women themselves) and by the extralinguistic context that impedes normal application. For the purposes of this study, for a survey that takes into account the change in the frequency of use of the names of the professions under analysis in a fairly wide time span- from 1800 to 2019- Ngram Viewer, a Google program, was used to analyze corpora of texts of many languages, including Italian.
A Comparison of 2017 YRBS Data Regarding Weapon-Related Violence in Duval County, Florida and Nationwide
Authors: Lopez Briana , Reasonover Madisen , Bergeron Camryn , Dozier Makinlea , Rodriguez Judith
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study was to compare data from the National 2017 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) and the Duval County, FL 2017 YRBS regarding the prevalence of weapon-related violence among high school students. Alongside the collection of national data, the CDC funds particular large urban school districts to collect data on their specific populations. Among those is Duval County, FL, one of the largest school districts in the state of Florida that is home to over 129,000 students and 206 schools (National Center for Education Statistics, 2018). In examining the results, we used an analysis of secondary data for four questions which address how often an individual carries a weapon on and off school property, feelings of safety on campus, and threats to safety on campus. Results indicated that high school students in Duval County, FL, did not go to school because they felt unsafe at school or on their way from school more often than high school students at the national level. Furthermore, compared to students nationally, more high school students in Duval County, FL were threatened or injured with a weapon on school campus. There were no significant findings regarding the prevalence of weapon-carrying behaviors among Duval County, FL high school students and high school students nationwide. Potential contributors to the higher prevalence of weapon-related violence behaviors may reflect elements of the Social Determinants of Health including, socioeconomic, cultural and environmental conditions, all of which are associated with the diverse population in Duval County, FL.
Buprenorphine Prior Authorization Removal: Low Hanging Fruit in the Opioid Overdose Crisis
Authors: Beetham Tamara
Published: July 2022

The overdose crisis in the United States is not abating. The number of overdose mortalities has never been higher, and synthetic opioid mortalities increased 45% from 2016 to 2017 (Scholl, et al., 2019). The scope is daunting, but there is “low-hanging fruit” yet to be addressed. Though seldom mentioned in public debate, effective treatment is available, yet access to it is mired in red tape.
A Review of Inventory Management of Small-Scale Enterprise in India
Authors: S SATYAJIT
Published: July 2022

Business owners greatly benefit from inventory management since it enables stores to safely preserve sales and purchase information. When inventory is not managed properly, it results in unhappy customers, paperwork, manual delays, slower sales, excess cash on hand, and warehouses, whereas properly managed inventory speeds up sales and available inventory, notifies a business owner when to restock, and how much to buy. By minimising delays, this method avoids the possibility of stock-outs of fast-moving commodities.
Technical assistance for community schools: Enabling strong implementation
Authors: Maier Anna
Published: July 2022

A growing number of states are launching community school initiatives to ensure family and community engagement, provide enriched and expanded learning, and offer integrated supports for students. This brief offers examples from the National Center for Community Schools and from New York, New Mexico, and California showing how technical assistance can build capacity through consultation, training, coaching, and knowledge building. These examples indicate the ways that states are designing technical assistance (TA) systems to support practitioners, the value of providing differentiated TA supports, and the impact of cross-sector partnerships on TA provision.
Effectiveness of high- and low-fidelity simulation-based medical education in teaching cardiac auscultation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Osborne Craig , Brown Craig , Mostafa Alyaa
Published: July 2022

Simulation-based medical education (SBME) is an evolving method of teaching cardiac examination skills to healthcare learners. It has been deliberated how effective this teaching modality is and whether high-fidelity methods are more effective than low-fidelity methods. This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of high-fidelity SBME in teaching cardiac auscultation compared with no intervention or another active teaching intervention (low-fidelity SBME) using evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Literature searches were performed on Medline, Embase, PsychInfo and Cinahl. RCTs that compared the effectiveness of high-fidelity simulation against no intervention or high-fidelity simulation against low-fidelity simulation in teaching cardiac auscultation to healthcare learners were included. Outcomes were knowledge, skills and satisfaction relating to cardiac auscultation education. Data were analyzed using Review Manager 5.3 software.

Seventeen RCTs (n = 1055) were included. Twelve RCTs (n = 692) compared high-fidelity simulation with no intervention. The pooled effect sizes for knowledge and skills were 1.39 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.39–2.38;

This review’s findings suggest that high-fidelity SBME is an effective teaching method for cardiac auscultation education. Interestingly, there was no significant difference in knowledge or skills among learners when comparing high-fidelity simulation with low-fidelity simulation. Further research is needed to establish the effectiveness of different forms of SBME as educational interventions.
The Tasting Party Assessment: Can Educators Reliably Evaluate Preschoolers’ Willingness to Try New Foods in Group Settings?
Authors: Bellows Laura L. , Hobbs Savannah , Johnson Susan L.
Published: July 2022

Food neophobia, defined as an unwillingness to consume novel and unfamiliar foods is common in young children. Assessment of neophobia or willingness to try new foods can be a challenge with this audience. With the increase in nutrition interventions focused on the young child, valid and reliable measures to assess willingness to try new foods that can be administered in groups by classroom teachers and Extension educators are needed. The Food Friends: Fun with New Foods (FWNF) program aims to increase children’s willingness to try new foods in childcare settings. The Tasting Party assessment was developed as the primary tool for measuring the FWNF program’s impact. Construct and face validity were established and inter-observer reliability between two researchers and teachers was obtained. Findings indicate the Tasting Party could reliably be used by classroom teachers to accurately observe tasting behaviors in a group of preschool-aged children. This provides a low-cost, low-burden valid and reliable assessment tool, thus enhancing the scalability and reach of nutrition education programs focused on young children. The Tasting Party is adaptable for use in Extension programs such as the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Education (SNAP-Ed).
Facilitators and Barriers to Implementation of Community-Based Socio-Ecological Approaches to Obesity Prevention Among Cooperative Extension Agents
Authors: Holson Denise , Stroope Jessica , Cater Melissa
Published: July 2022

Perceptions, knowledge, and attitudes of Cooperative Extension Service (CES) Family and Consumer Science (FCS) agents related to the planning and implementation of community-based multi-level ecological obesity prevention strategies were identified through qualitative, exploratory research. Focus group discussions (FGD) were conducted in the five regions of the Louisiana State University CES (LSU AgCenter). Participants included CES FCS Extension agents (n = 35; 97% of agents). Participants were female and responsible for conducting programming in parishes (counties). Thematic analysis of data found principal factors that influenced FCS Extension agents’ perceived ability to plan and implement community-based multi-level obesity prevention approaches to include knowledge of the socio-ecological model, beliefs about roles of CES, funding, human resources, community connectedness, community buy-in, guidance, and internal support. Assessing what FCS agents perceived as barriers and facilitators to implementing community-based obesity prevention approaches provided valuable direction to the state FCS office. Understanding gaps in knowledge, professional development needs, and existing strengths will help make the transition to community-based obesity prevention initiatives more effective. These findings may be beneficial to other CES and public health agencies implementing multi-level, community-based obesity prevention programs in partnership with community coalitions.
The Theoretical Influence of Praise Given to Teen Leaders at 4-H Camp on Their Feelings of Contribution and Motivation
Authors: Wallace Ruth E.
Published: July 2022

Praise in the context of behavior-specific encouragement, positive reinforcement, and recognition may provide a linkage in positive youth development to teen leaders’ feelings of contribution and motivation at 4-H Camp. Existing literature on praise in academic settings, combined with literature related to positive youth development, organized camping programs, and 4-H, lends credibility to the theory that there is an influence on teen attitudes and participation regarding contributing to their community at 4-H Camp. Practical implications are presented, along with suggestions for future research.
Lessons from Two States with Extension Programs for Managing Stress
Authors: Tiret Holly , Eschbach Cheryl , Nichols Allison , Smith Becky , Riffe Jane , Clark Jones Terry
Published: July 2022

Recognizing the need for education that addresses social emotional and mental health issues faced by adults, Extension developed two different types of programs. Michigan State University (MSU) Extension developed the RELAX: Alternatives to Anger program (RELAX) to address anger management, and West Virginia University (WVU) Extension created Stress Less with Mindfulness (SLM) to build stress management skills among adults. At a national conference, the two states independently shared their programs’ objectives and delivery implementation and then later cross-trained each other’s Extension team. The research reported here shares the designs of both stress-reduction health programs and the results of a combined two-state SLM evaluation with 1,304 participants. The benefits of SLM included skill learning and practice. Recommendations for practice include state Extension services sharing curricula resources, training teams from each other’s states, and jointly implementing evaluation protocols. Extension professionals looking for established programs that help people gain skills to promote emotional health and stress-reduction may consider implementing one of these community-based programs in their states.
A Process Evaluation of the HappyHealthy Social Marketing Campaign
Authors: Downey Laura H. , Terp Kristy , Byrd Sylvia H.
Published: July 2022

Social marketing campaigns are effective in promoting health behavior changes in individuals and communities. Mississippi State University Extension Service’s (MSU Extension) Office of Nutrition Education launched a statewide social marketing campaign branded HappyHealthy to target nutrition and healthy lifestyle-related behaviors of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program-eligible individuals and families. In this study, a process evaluation was conducted with MSU Extension staff to assess perceptions of the campaign’s relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability, and observability. In the early stages of the campaign, external evaluators conducted in-depth interviews with MSU Extension staff members (n = 17). After the campaign had been active for several months, the same external evaluators developed a web-based survey instrument for administration with MSU Extension staff (n = 54). Interview and survey responses were interpreted in accordance with Roger’s diffusion of innovation theory. Staff responses indicated it is important that campaign messages and materials align with and enhance staff members’ job responsibilities and that campaign messages are consistent with other education being delivered. Allowing staff to get familiar with some campaign materials before they are responsible for using them may also be advantageous for successful adoption and implementation.
The Food Factor: Relating Brand Viewership to Behavior and Behavioral Intention
Authors: Brubaker Nichols McKayla , Settle Quisto , Hardman Alisha , Downey Laura
Published: July 2022

Mississippi residents (n = 404) were surveyed to determine how The Food Factor brand viewership impacted their behavior and behavioral intention. The Food Factor is a weekly Extension mass media program that communicates research-based information about food, nutrition, and healthy lifestyles. A researcher-developed instrument was used to collect information about behavior and behavioral intent, as well as perceptions of The Food Factor using Qualtrics from a representative sample. Respondents were split into viewer and non-viewer categories. Viewers were asked about their viewing frequency and their nutrition-related behaviors and behavioral intention to create a behavioral score. Non-viewers were also asked about their nutrition-related behaviors and behavioral intention to compare to viewers. The majority of viewers’ results indicated they were casual viewers. On average, viewers had a slightly higher behavioral score than non-viewers. There was no statistically significant correlation between viewing frequency and viewers’ behavioral scores. Overall, it was uncertain if the brand had meaningful effects on viewers. Recommendations include future studies on the use of branding in social marketing programs and other mass media programs in other states, and further evaluation of The Food Factor brand.
Creating Learning Environments to Support Students Experiencing Stress: Qualitative Insights from an Extension-Community Partnership
Authors: Hetherington Chelsea , Cronin Sarah , Langworthy Sara , Michaels Cari
Published: July 2022

For children experiencing chronic stress, succeeding academically in the face of other obstacles can be daunting. Many efforts focused on supporting students fail to address nonacademic aspects of well-being that can impact their ability to succeed. Working to bridge the gap between research and practice, here we describe the results of an Extension-Community partnership that sought to design learning environments to support elementary students’ healthy bodies and minds. Project leaders took an ecological systems approach, intervening with students at a local elementary school across multiple contexts. This entailed creating a calming room in the school, building a community garden on the school grounds, and providing wrap-around educational programming for teachers, staff, and families. Interviews were conducted with teachers and school staff (N = 20) to measure their perceptions of the impact of this intervention. Results are presented within the framework of the socio-ecological model, accounting for the multilevel nature of the project impacts. Interview themes revealed the program’s success in supporting positive outcomes for students, staff, the school, and the surrounding community. Discussions center around the program’s impact on students and on lessons learned that could inform future efforts.
Move More, Sit Less: Applying the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans to Extension Programs
Authors: Balis Laura E. , Fuerniss Hannah F. , Brown Drew T. , Marshall Chance , Harden Samantha M.
Published: July 2022

Extension enhances the lives of Americans by translating research-based information related to existing needs into programming that is practical and accessible to the general public. Evidence clearly indicates that physical activity is correlated to positive health outcomes, but despite this conclusion, the majority of Americans do not meet the recommendations for physical activity. The 2nd Edition of the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans provides guidance for Extension professionals to implement physical activity interventions. We recommend training and technical assistance strategies based on the Interactive Systems Framework to integrate physical activity promotion into all Extension areas.
Building Bridges: Improving Extension Support to Organic Growers in North Georgia
Authors: Olbrick Marabesi Amanda , Kelsey Kathleen D. , Anderson James C. , Fuhrman Nicholas E.
Published: July 2022

Organic agriculture has the potential to improve the environmental performance of U.S. agriculture, supporting increasing food demand and diversification of food consumption while improving the quality of ecosystems. Organic growers are challenged by a lack of Cooperative Extension agent support as agents have not served organic growers to the same extent as conventional growers nationwide. Rogers’ (2003) diffusion of innovations theory guided our phenomenological inquiry to explore (a) what agents experienced while supporting organic growers, and (b) how agents experienced providing support to organic growers in north Georgia. According to participants, the essence of the support offered to organic growers was an uneven bridge. Agents were willing to provide growers with the resources to support organic production; however, they lacked theoretical and empirical knowledge regarding organic agricultural production that would enable them to establish stronger relationships with growers. Findings from the study and the uneven bridge metaphor led to an original model to assist Extension agents in better serving the organic agricultural community.
Assessing Rural and Urban Community Assets and Needs to Inform Extension Program Planning
Authors: Narine Lendel , Ali Amanda D. , Hill Paul A.
Published: July 2022

A needs assessment is a useful tool for prioritizing community needs and allocating resources. Prioritizing community needs helps ensure Extension programs are relevant and targeted towards specific audiences. This study prioritized normative needs of urban and rural Utah residents using a needs assessment framework. Convenience data were gathered from 1,043 adult Utah residents, and the raking method was used to weigh the sample by selected population characteristics. Descriptive statistics (frequencies and nonparametric statistics) were used for data analysis. A calculated Point-Score represented the difference between residents’ perceived importance and satisfaction of various community assets. Results showed affordable housing, affordable medical clinics, well-paying jobs, quality public schools, and affordable internet were the top five needs in urban areas. Utah rural residents ranked well-paying jobs, quality public schools, steady jobs, emergency healthcare, and affordable housing as high priority needs in their communities. Utah State University Extension should tailor existing programs to address urban and rural community needs, allocate resources to create new programs aligned to those needs, facilitate collaborations with local organizations, and conduct timely needs assessments to monitor changing community needs.
Analysis of Networks in a College of Agriculture Course
Authors: Dees-Leek Brittany , Edgar Don W.
Published: July 2022

Technology advances occur almost daily and how they share information is constantly evolving. Educators must understand how their students prefer communicating especially relating to coursework. By mapping social networks present in courses, it may allow educators to determine how students prefer to communicate and also determine if there are constant identities that are stable throughout the semester (Edgar, Amaral, and Edgar, 2010). For the participants in this study, contacts between students increased from the initial to the final assessment of the semester. Face-to-face communication was the preferred method of communication followed by text messaging and Facebook. Communicating for social reasons was most cited with planning and venting closely being the reasons cited for contact after social. Overall, venting increased substantially as did planning throughout the course of the semester but social kept somewhat constant. No perpetual key players were identified through this study with the exception of one from the middle to the end iteration which disagrees with previous research.
ANALISIS STRATEGI PEMASARAN ERIGO STORE BRAND FASHION LOKAL INDONESIA YANG MENDUNIA
Authors: Fardiana Putri Rivani , Fitriani Elsa Windu , Sartika Sri Hardianti
Published: July 2022

In doing business, business actors must be able to keep up with the times so that they are not left behind and remain in demand by the public, as well as marketing strategies in business that must continue to be able to expand market reach and innovate in the products they offer. One of the businesses that implements a marketing strategy by participating in the export program on the Shopee platform to optimize sales and introduce their products to the international scene is Erigo Store. The study aims to determine the strategy and marketing mix carried out by local fashion brand Erigo Store so that they could enter the international market. The main theory used is the theory of segmenting, targeting, positioning and the 4P marketing mix. The research used is a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection is done by library research or literature study. The results of this research show that the analysis shows that Erigo Store uses a promotional strategy to follow the bazaar, create an official erigo website, endorse influencers, sell through various e-commerce, advertising through billboards, promotion through TikTok, and overseas expansion.