bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interleukins changes in blood of non-ethanol liver damage rats of different sex
Authors: Denefil O. , Bolyukh О.
Published: August 2022

Non-alcoholic liver disease is associated with liver injury, such as steatosis, steatohepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis. During their development, inflammation is occure and organs damage develops by help of cytokines influences. The intensity of injury depends on sex.
The aim of the study was to evaluate changes of interleukins in the blood of male and female rats with hepatosis, hepatitis used by overdrinking of glucose.
Material and methods of investigation. The experiments were performed on 60 male and 60 female outbred rats aged from four monthes (start of experiment). Animals were divided into five groups – control 1 (6 monthes old animals), control 2 (8 monthes old animals), glucose 2 monthes (3), glucose 4 monthes (4), and glucose 2+2 monthes (5).
Determined in the blood serum Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin 1 Beta (IL-1β), Interleukin 4 (IL-4), Interleukin 10 (IL-10).
Results. In 3, 4 and 5 groups we determined increasing of proinflammatory interleukins. When comparing the results of 5 groups with 3 in male rats, lower values of anti-inflammatory interleukins were noted with a reliably insignificant difference in the content of pro-inflammatory interleukins. Interleukins changes were not detected in rats female between groups 5 and 3.When comparing 3 and 4 groups, an increase in TNF-α and IL-1β, a decrease in IL-4 and IL-10 both in males and in females were determing, which depended on the duration of glucose consumption.
When comparing groups 5 and 4 in males rats, only TNF-α decreased, which can be regarded as a decrease in destructive processes when glucose consumption is stopped. In females, we see a decrease in TNF-α and IL-1β, an increase in IL-4 and IL-10, which may indicate a decrease in the effect of glucose or its long-term effect, since the results of groups 3 and 5 in female rats did not differ.
Conclusion. An increase in the content of pro-inflammatory interleukins and a decrease in anti-inflammatory interleukins was detected after 2 months, 4 months of glucose use, which is maintained for 2 months after the cessation of its use only 2 months and depends on the duration of glucose use. In males, the inflammatory reaction is more than in females.
Biceps Femoris Tendon Subluxation Snapping Knee, Treated by a Modified Kennedy Procedure: A Case Report
Authors: Aboujaoude Jihad , Nahed Georgio , El-Helou Nabil
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Snapping biceps femoris tendon over the fibular head is an uncommon cause of snapping knee. We report a rare case of knee pain secondary to subluxation of the long head of the biceps femoris over the fibular head in an athlete with no history of trauma. This case was treated surgically by a modification of Kennedy procedure. Case Report: A 21-year-old Lebanese athletic male presented for a nauseating feeling of something snapping over his lateral knee since the age of 12 when performing self-defense sports with no history of trauma. Snapping begins when the patient flexes above 80° during squatting, cycling, gym exercises, and climbing stairs. Conclusion: A symptomatic snapping biceps femoris tendon is a rare phenomenon with limited reports in the literature. When conservative treatment fails, surgery may be the only successful treatment. A modification of the Kennedy procedure was used. Rerouting of the subluxating superior aspect of the tendon without further dissection and release appears to be an effective treatment that can result in symptom resolution as long as no anatomic variants are present.
End Stage Hip Osteoarthritis in Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome – A Case Report
Authors: Vles Georges Frederic , Bossen eroen K J , Ghijselings Stijn
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) affects the development of blood vessels, soft tissues (such as skin and muscles), and bone. It is a rare cause of severe degenerative joint disease at an early age. Orthopedic interventions in these patients bring numerous difficulties for various reasons. Up to this point, only six cases of attempted total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with KTS have been reported in the literature. The two most recent cases were prematurely aborted due to excessive bleeding and imminent risk of exsanguination. One of the most recent published case reports suggested that hip joint replacement should be avoided in this patient population. Case Report: A middle-aged female presented with end stage coxarthrosis secondary to KTS. A thorough workup was performed and magnetic resonance imaging revealed that the direct anterior interval was relatively free of vascular malformations. After intensive work-up, uneventful THA was performed, resulting in dramatic improvement of quality of life. Conclusion: Effort should be put into identifying those patients with a relatively easy accessible joint so they are not unnecessarily being denied successful joint replacement.
Localized Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis of the Knee Joint: A Case Report
Authors: Sahin Mehmet Sukru
Published: August 2022

Background: The localized form is characterized by local participation of the synovium as a nodule or pedunculated mass. The incidence rate of PVNS is estimated to be 1.8 per million people – the localized type is just one-quarter of that. The aim of this study is to remind orthopedic surgeons about the unusual properties of LPVNS located in the knee. Case Report: A 39-year-old man presented to our clinic with pain and discomfort in his right knee. Magnetic resonance imaging showed an intra-articular mass in the infrapatellar region of the knee adjacent to the Hoffa fat pad. The mass was hypointense in the T1 sequence and heterogeneously hyperintense in the T2 sequence, which may be considered a local type of tenosynovial giant cell tumor (LPVNS). Excision was carefully performed without penetrating the tumor. The macroscopic appearance of the tumor was yellow-reddish and brown in color. Histopathologic examination revealed pigmented villonodular synovitis of the local type. Conclusion: Even though the LPVNS of the knee is an uncommon intra-articular phenomenon, orthopedic surgeons should not overlook this lesion based on imaging findings, and open excision should be regarded as a reliable treatment option.
Traumatic First Rib Fracture: An Indication of Life-threatening Injuries
Authors: Dhaniwala Nareshkumar Satyanarayan , Dhaniwala Mukund Naresh , Shah Parth , Khan Khizar Khusrau , Jadawala Vivek , Jadhav Shivshankar
Published: August 2022

Introduction: First rib fracture is a very uncommon injury due to protection provided to it by clavicle. In isolation, it may be associated with neurovascular injury rarely but as part of poly trauma the first rib fracture may be associated with vascular injury in significant number of cases. There is definite role of computed tomography scan thorax in diagnosis of this fracture which can be missed on X-ray chest. Management includes early diagnosis of associated life-threatening complications and its prompt treatment. Case Report: A case of poly trauma associated with right first rib fracture with subclavian artery thrombosis resulting in gross ischemia of the right upper limb and fractures in the right upper limb and right lower limb long bones is reported. The patient developed signs of ischemia and lung complications 24 h later. Subclavian artery damage was diagnosed on Doppler ultrasound and angiography. The case was managed by surgical repair of subclavian artery damage and stabilization of fractures. Conclusion: The case is reported to highlight association of first rib fracture with life-threatening complication of subclavian artery laceration causing extensive swelling around shoulder, ischemia to the right upper limb, lung damage, and problem of its detection and management.
Outcomes of operative management in the delayed presenting neck of femur fractures in children: A case series
Authors: Kumar Indrajeet , Ahmed Wasim , Shyam Ashok , Bhadani Janki Sharan , Kumar Santosh
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Fracture neck of femur in pediatric age group occurs due to high energy trauma and is an uncommon entity with high complication rate. No uniform guidelines are present to manage these fractures, especially in delayed presentation of fracture neck of femur as a smaller number of such cases were reported. Case Report: Eight children (nine hips), five boys and three girls of age <15 years, were operated on. The mean delay in surgery time was 8.6 days (range: 5–22 days). The mean union time was 13.44 weeks. The mean follow-up was 20.88 months (range: 12–36 months). All the cases were managed with closed or open reduction followed by internal fixation with or without hip spica application and resulted in satisfactory outcomes in most of the cases. Conclusion: Anatomical reduction (open or closed) and fixation reduce the risk of complications even in delayed presentation if the orthopedic surgeon is familiar with the management.
An Arthroscopic-assisted AC Joint Reconstruction and Hook Plate Fixation for the Treatment of AC Joint Dislocation: A Unique Surgical Technique
Authors: Satalich James , Nelson Chase , Vap Alexander
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Acromioclavicular Joint (ACJ) dislocations can lead to increased pain and disability. On failure of conservative management, surgical intervention is often recommended. At present, there is no gold standard surgical technique to treat this pathology. The current surgical options include coracoclavicular screw, hook plate (HP), endobutton coracoclavicular fixation, ligament reconstruction, and among others. Unfortunately, all these techniques have been reported to have increased complications such as recurrent dislocation, impingement, and among others. Case Report: A 41-year-old healthy male presented to the clinic with a symptomatic chronic right Grade 3 ACJ dislocation. He failed conservative treatment, including NSAID’s, rest, and physical therapy. We agreed to pursue an arthroscopic assisted ACJ reconstruction with allograft and joint fixation with a HP. Using a combined technique, we performed an arthroscopic-assisted ACJ reconstruction with an allograft and supplemental HP for additional fixation. This case report details the unique technique. Using this technique, the patient had improved pain and ACJ stability long-term. After 6 months, the HP was removed and the patient continued to remain asymptomatic and without instability. Conclusion: An arthroscopic-assisted ACJ reconstruction and HP fixation provide orthopedic surgeons a novel technique for the treatment of an ACJ dislocation. Further prospective studies are still recommended for further evaluation.
O Domínio do Ensaio no Cinema: A cinescrita de Agnès Varda e a fala ao lado de Trinh T. Minh-ha
Authors: Júlia Vilhena
Published: August 2022

Este artigo procura fomentar uma reflexão acerca do formato do filme-ensaio, enfocando alguns de seus gestos, tais como o imbricamento de forma e conteúdo, imagem e pensamento, domínios pessoal e político, assim como a marca da autorreflexividade na tessitura dos filmes. Partindo da análise de L’Opéra-Mouffe (1958) e de Daguerréotypes (1975), da cineasta francesa Agnès Varda, discutiremos o gesto de uma escrita para além de si, presente em sua cinescrita. A partir do pensamento da cineasta vietnamita Trinh T. Minh-ha e de sua obra Reassemblage (1982), veremos como sua enunciação propõe um engajamento com a imagem através de um olhar descolonizado e um modo de representação relacional que ela define como uma fala “ao lado” (speak nearby). Através desses dois gestos propostos pelas cineastas, faremos uma aproximação do filme-ensaio ao campo do cinema etnográfico, enfocando as potencialidades estéticas e narrativas dessas duas escritas audiovisuais.
Epistemic injustice and neoliberal imaginations in English as a medium of instruction (EMI) policy
Authors: Phyak Prem , Sah Pramod K.
Published: August 2022

This article examines the construction of epistemic injustice in creating and implementing an EMI policy. Drawing on “epistemic injustice” (Fricker, Miranda. 2007. Epistemic injustice: Power and the ethics of knowing. Oxford: Oxford University Press) and “misframing” (Fraser, Nancy. 2009. Scales of justice: Reimagining political space in a globalizing world. New York: Columbia University Press), we discuss how the EMI policy in Nepal’s school education has reinforced the epistemic nature of social injustice. Taking an ethnographic approach, we have analyzed how EMI policies are created, interpreted, and implemented in two public schools located in historically marginalized ethnic minority/Indigenous communities. Our analyses show that the schools misframe and misrecognize Indigenous/ethnic minority parents’ and children’s linguistic knowledge and awareness of language education policy. While reproducing neoliberal values, EMI policies construct a deficit identity of Indigenous/ethnic minority communities by erasing and stigmatizing their knowledge of mother tongues in school. Such policies not only promote an English-only monolingual ideology but also pose multiple challenges for epistemic access of Indigenous/minority students and affect parents’ “party of participation” (Fraser, Nancy. 2009. Scales of justice:
Reimagining political space in a globalizing world. New York: Columbia University Press) in policymaking process.
Comparison of protective coatings prepared from various trialkoxysilanes and possibilities of spectroelectrochemical approaches for their investigation
Authors: Surca Angelja K. , Rodošek Mirjana
Published: August 2022

Herein protective coatings against corrosion are compared with regard to their protective efficiency. The coatings had been prepared over the course of time from differently trialkoxysilyl-functionalized commercial or synthesized precursors but were tested using the same techniques and in similar conditions. The coatings are compared according to the existing data on contact angles for water, free surface energy, thickness and protective efficiency, expressed in term of corrosion current density. Moreover, the influence of differently functionalized trialkoxysilyl precursors on the crosslinking of coatings is regarded. It was also noted that too hydrophobic additives can introduce certain defects which can detrimentally influence the protective efficiency. Spectroelectrochemical approach can give important insights into the degradation of protective coatings under electrochemically induced loads. Ex situ infrared reflection-absorption (IR RA) spectroelectrochemical approach can identify hydration, breakage of some siloxane bands or changes in the C–H spectral region. Careful examination can confirm the interruption of some bands between alloy and coating that are responsible for its adhesion. Raman imaging is appropriate to follow the formation and growth of pits that form in the coatings.
Millimeter-wave imaging and near-field spectroscopy for burn wound assessment
Authors: Hecht Damaris , Ullmann Ingrid , Oppelt Daniel , Pfahler Tim , Amer Nadia , Vossiek Martin
Published: August 2022

Diagnostic applications for skin in the microwave range have developed significantly in recent years, due the non-invasiveness of these applications and their ability to assess tissue water content. Despite their capabilities, however, there is still no appropriate clinically applicable microwave tool for the assessment of burn wounds. A common practice is the visual inspection and evaluation of burns by the doctor, which is a challenging task even for experienced medical professionals. An incorrect assessment can have far-reaching consequences, such as unnecessary surgery or surgery that is necessary but omitted. In this paper, two different approaches of millimeter-wave burn wound assessment are presented: millimeter-wave imaging and near-field spectroscopy. For imaging, a MIMO sparse array was used to assess ex vivo burns on porcine skin in the frequency range of 70–80 GHz. With a resonant millimeter-wave near-field probe, reflective spectroscopy at individual sites of an ex vivo burn on porcine skin in the frequency range of 75–110 GHz was performed. The results showed individual advantages and drawbacks for both approaches, with surprising benefits of the spectroscopic method. Nevertheless, both approaches were shown to be suitable for clinical usage in diagnosing burns.
The Negev in the Intermediate Bronze Age: Questions of Subsistence, Trade, and Status
Authors: Cohen Susan L.
Published: August 2022

The northern Negev—a region both geographically peripheral and environmentally marginal for human habitation—experienced increased settlement and activity in the Intermediate Bronze Age in the southern Levant (ca. 2500–2000/1950 BCE). Most interpretations link this phenomenon with Egyptian demand for copper and the accompanying development of trade networks that transported this valuable resource. However, the function of these networks, the subsistence of the peoples who operated them, and the social and economic systems that supported them remain unclear. This paper examines the means of subsistence and sustenance of the populations of these sites in the northern Negev, together with their role in supporting connections between Egypt and the southern Levant, and suggests that while their location may have been marginal, their identity and role in the social and economic system of the Intermediate Bronze Age southern Levant was not.
Cross-Border Tax and Philanthropy: Avoiding the Icebergs in the Sea of Generosity
Authors: Breen Oonagh B. , Cordery Carolyn J.
Published: August 2022

This study examines the structural and policy obstacles hampering free movement of philanthropic capital across the EU’s ‘sea of generosity’. While free movement of capital is a key element in the EU single market as enshrined in the Treaty of Maastricht, this principle previously focused on the for-profit sphere and efficient markets. In 2009, the European Court of Justice (ECJ) confirmed that the free movement principle also covered philanthropic capital, with Member States being prohibited from restricting philanthropic capital movements and payments across borders. This decision should facilitate cross-border fundraising, investment, and tax-effective giving by both corporates and individuals. Yet, significant regulatory drag hinders the use of fiscal incentives, and to date, proposals for EU-wide policy solutions (e.g. a common public benefit definition) have failed. Using the theoretical construct of regulatory space, we highlight the regulatory space characteristics impacting cross-border philanthropic capital movement. This multi-regulatory space analysis finds that contrasting actions by regulators, disparate national policies and the dominance of tax evasion concerns affect the free movement of philanthropic capital across the EU. We argue EU philanthropy could be expanded if there was greater clarity regarding administrative taxation procedures and support for foreign charities and donors seeking to navigate the straits of comparability.
A brief guide to polymerization terminology (IUPAC Technical Report)
Authors: Luscombe Christine K. , Moad Graeme , Hiorns Roger C. , Jones Richard G. , Keddie Daniel J. , Matson John B. , Merna Jan , Nakano Tamaki , Russell Gregory T. , Topham Paul D.
Published: August 2022

The use of self-consistent terminology to describe polymerizations is important for litigation, patents, research and education. Imprecision in these areas can be both costly and confusing. To address this situation the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) has made recommendations, which are summarized below. In the version shown as the supplementary material, references and hyperlinks lead to source documents; screen tips contain definitions published in IUPAC recommendations. More details can also be found in the IUPAC Purple Book. This guide is one of a series on terminology and nomenclature. Refer to the supplementary material for the complete and interactive version of this brief guide.
Investigation ways of causes needle sticks injuries, risk factors affecting on health and ways to preventive
Authors: Abdalkareem Jasim Saade , Thaeer Hammid Ali , Turgunpulatovich Daminov Botir , Kadhem Abid Mohammed , Lateef Al-Awsi Ghaidaa Raheem , Afra Arghavan , Ekrami Hafez Ajam , Ameer Muhammed Fatin Abdul , Mohammadi Mohammad Javad
Published: August 2022

Needle sticks injuries (NSIs) has caused many health concerns, including the widespread infection disease. Needle sticks injuries can have high threaten health human especially, all those who are in contact with health and medical centers. The purpose of this review study was the determination the effects of needle sticks injuries (NSIs) on health care worker and patents. In this a review study of literature studied conducted on international databases included Google Scholar, ISI/WOS (Web of Science), Springer, Scopus, Medline/PubMed. The literature signs a notable undesirable affect from potential needle sticks injuries related to ways to preventive and risks factors among patents and health care worker. The literature was shown needle stick injuries can cause with a variety of ways including needle recapping, non-standard safety boxes, thin gloves, and inadequate personal protective equipment. According to the result this study, needle stick injuries can transfer infectious disease (Human Immunodeficiency viruses [HIV], Hepatitis C virus [HCV]) and increase risk health on health care worker and patients. According to research related to the subject, the ways to prevent reduce needle sticks include personal protective equipment, holding retraining courses for medical staff in the direction to raise awareness can significantly reduce cases of needle sticks injuries. Further research using more sophisticated methodology is warranted.
Los «posesivos enfáticos» en dos sociolectos del español europeo
Authors: Barrio de la Rosa Florencio del
Published: August 2022

The «emphatic» possession has been traditionally related to American Spanish, specially, surfacing in language-contact situations. Taking this for granted, the present paper explores the sociolinguistic and dialectal distribution of this possessive construction in European Spanish and attempts to characterize it both semantically and syntactically. This paper analyzes over 20,000 tokens of possessive pronouns. Data are extracted from two corpus representative of the spoken varieties of urban and rural European Spanish. The analysis confirms the colloquial-familiar character of this syntactic construction and supports that the so-called «redundant» possessive acts as an index of type-shifting from a sortal to a relational noun.
Characterization of particleboard using the inner part of oil palm trunk (OPT) with a bio-based adhesive of sucrose and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP)
Authors: Komariah Rahma Nur , Krishanti Ni Putu Ratna Ayu , Yoshimura Tsuyoshi , Umemura Kenji
Published: August 2022

The effective utilization of the inner part of oil palm trunk (OPT), generally considered a waste product, is desired. In this study, particleboards were manufactured using the inner part of OPT with a bio-based adhesive made of sucrose and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP). The mixture ratio of sucrose to ADP and the resin content were changed to investigate the optimum condition of the adhesive. The pressing condition was set at 180 °C for 10 min, and the target density was 0.8 g/cm3. The optimum mixture ratio of sucrose to ADP was 80:20, and the optimum resin content was 20 wt%. The manufactured boards had modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) in bending values of 16.4 MPa and 4.3 GPa, respectively. The internal bond strength (IB) was 1.85 MPa, and the thickness swelling (TS) was 9.6%. This indicated that the constructed particleboard was comparable to the 13 types of JIS A 5908 standard (2003). In addition, the particleboard had good termite and decay resistance, similar to those of OPT particleboards made with synthetic adhesives. It was clarified that excellent particleboard could be manufactured from the inner part of OPT and a bio-based adhesive made of sucrose and ADP.
Towards biodegradable barrier packaging: Production of films for single-use primary food liquid packaging
Authors: Ehman Nanci , Ponce de León Agustina , Felissia Fernando E. , Area M. Cristina
Published: August 2022

This research aimed to obtain bio-degradable microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) films from a pine sawdust pulp for use as liquid containers. The films were combined with food-grade polyols (sorbitol, glycerol, and mannitol) to improve the hydrophobicity and provide barrier properties. Pine sawdust (a by-product of primary wood industrialization, highly available, and inexpensive) was treated with soda-ethanol and a 2-stage oxygen sequence. The resulting pulps were mechanically fibrillated to produce MFC with a disk refiner. The polyols were added to improve crosslinking and achieve a plasticizing effect. The films were dried at 25, 50, and 60 °C. The mechanical and barrier properties (tensile strength, elongation, vapor permeability, and water absorption), the crystallinity, and the transparency of the films were evaluated. Total migration tests were carried out to verify the compliance of the films with current regulations. Finally, the film’s biodegradation properties in soil under normal climatic conditions were evaluated.
Description of the instantaneous stress drop behavior of a cornstraw-potato residue mixture based on stress relaxation models
Authors: Guo Wenbin , Hu Fan , De Xuehong , Hou Zhibo , Wang Zhipeng , Jiang Xinyang
Published: August 2022

Studying the stress relaxation characteristics can provide important process parameters for the granulation and briquetting of biomass materials. In this study, a generalized Maxwell model and fractional model were established to describe and analyze the stress instantaneous drop behavior of a cornstraw-potato residue mixture during the stress relaxation process. Stress relaxation characteristic parameters, e.g., the stress instantaneous drop time, were obtained. Using this information, the influence of the compression speed on the stress instantaneous drop time, stress relaxation time ratio, and other parameters were analyzed. In addition, the regression model of the compression frequency and compression speed was established, which provided a method for determining the appropriate compression frequency of the molding equipment according to the compression speed.
Effects of various treatment methods on decay resistance and dimensional stability of nano-silver-treated Persian/Shiraz inlay (Khatam)
Authors: Salahfard Mohammad-Hossein , Hosseinihashemi Seyyed Khalil
Published: August 2022

Four types of Shiraz inlay (Khatam) samples were impregnated with nano-silver solution via spraying (S), a vacuum desiccator (VD), and immersion/dipping (I/D) for 2 h and 24 h techniques. The decay resistance and dimensional stability were evaluated after each treatment. The impregnated specimens were exposed to white-rot fungus for 10 weeks by the agar-plate method, and the weight loss was determined to assess decay. The dimensional stability of samples after 2 and 24 h soaking in water were measured. According to the results, the highest weight loss (13.1%) was observed in the Shesh-Pareh Khatam (SPK)-untreated samples and the lowest weight loss (1.5%) occurred in the Ostokhani Khatam (OK)-VD-treated samples. The highest volumetric shrinkage (39.0%) was observed in the Haft Shamseh Alam-Zar Khatam (HSAZK)-untreated samples after 24 h soaking, and the lowest volumetric shrinkage (3.8%) was noted in the OK-S-treated samples after 2 h soaking. The highest volumetric swelling (64.1%) was observed in the HSAZK-untreated samples after 24 h soaking, and the lowest volumetric swelling (4%) was found in the OK-S-treated samples after 2 h soaking in water. Generally, the highest anti-shrinkage-efficiency (111.0%) and anti-swelling-efficiency (145.4%) after 24 h soaking in water were observed in the OK-S-treated and SPK-VD-treated samples, respectively.
Effects of pretreatments on the solubilization and theoretical methane production of waste activated sludge from a Brazilian eucalyptus kraft pulp mill
Authors: Fioreze Mariele , Labotić Lara , Torres Caio Moreira Miquelino Eleto , Silva Claudio Mudadu
Published: August 2022

Waste activated sludge (WAS) originating from kraft pulp mill effluent treatment plants represents an important environmental challenge for this industry. Anaerobic digestion is a promising option for WAS treatment, with the added benefit of biogas production. This paper presents the application of thermal, thermal-alkaline, and mechanical pretreatment methods in order to promote the solubilization of organic matter to enhance the anaerobic digestion of the WAS from a Brazilian Eucalyptus bleached kraft pulp mill. A total of 16 pretreatment operating conditions were compared. Chemical analyses showed an improvement in organic matter solubilization, with an increase greater than 7-fold for soluble chemical oxygen demand and 4-fold for biochemical oxygen demand. Nutrient solubilization showed an increase greater than 10-fold for total Kjeldahl nitrogen and 3-fold for total phosphorus. Theoretical biochemical methane potential was improved from 211 mLCH4/gVS for raw sludge to 333-343 mLCH4/gVS after mechanical pretreatment, 314-360 mLCH4/gVS after thermal pretreatment, and 373-378 mLCH4/gVS after thermal-alkaline pretreatment. In general, thermal-alkaline pretreatment showed the best results for all the evaluated parameters, with the advantage of requiring lower temperature and retention time when compared to thermal conditions.
Sompoton: Sabah bamboo mouth organ
Authors: Hamdan Sinin , Rahman Md Rezaur , Said Khairul Anwar Mohamad , Abidin Ana Sakura Zainal , Musib Ahmad Fauzi
Published: August 2022

This study considered the Sabah traditional bamboo musical instrument, sompoton. The fast Fourier transform (FFT) of sompoton was determined via a Pico oscilloscope. All three sompotons displayed almost similar fundamental frequencies. The individual tubes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 8 (except tube 7) of sompoton I, II, and III produced the fundamental frequency (in hertz) as 924, 758, 655, 589, 449, 407, 537, as 954, 779, 655, 614, 469, 387, 552, and as 944, 820, 655, 635, 407, 407, and 552, respectively. The averaged frequency obtained from the three sompotons (with the diatonic frequency and note in bracket) was 940.6 (932.3-A5# tube 1), 785.6 (783.9-G5 tube 2), 655 (659.2-E5 tube 3), 612.6 (622.2-D5# tube 4), 547 (554.3-C5# tube 8), 441.6 (440-A4 tube 5), and 400.3 (392-G4 tube 6). The tunings were remarkably similar in the tonal relationships. The pitch of the drone tube (tube 6) repeated an octave higher at tube 2, the intervals of perfect 4th higher at tube 8, and the intervals of perfect 5th higher at tube 4 were always found. The standard deviations of the fundamental pitch from the three sompotons for tube 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 8 were 15.3, 31.5, 0.0, 9.2, 31.6, 11.5, and 8.7, respectively.
Integrating the new age of bioeconomy and Industry 4.0 into biorefinery process design
Authors: Clauser Nicolás M. , Felissia Fernando E. , Area María C. , Vallejos María E.
Published: August 2022

Manufacturing processes and their economy are dramatically evolving due to machinery and digital control improvements. Artificial intelligence, big data analytics, and the Internet of Things are key tools for this new industrial revolution era based on Industry 4.0. Bioeconomy and circular economy concepts have appeared in the forest, agriculture, food, pharmaceutical, pulp and paper, chemical, biotechnological, and energy areas, etc., to achieve sustainable economic growth development via biomass valorization in a biorefinery platform. Biorefinery process development at an industrial scale requires the previous design and assessment of processes and technologies. Therefore, economic, environmental, and social factors should be evaluated to prevent the failure in one of these issues that could affect the performance of the others. With a growing interest in sustainable economic development, there is a need to incorporate new technologies early enough in the process design. This study aims to better understand how Industry 4.0 era tools can bring new solutions to the biorefinery process design, in terms of the technical, economic, environmental, and social factors. Thus, these tools could improve and revolutionize the process selection optimization, provide alternatives for biomass valorization, integration strategies, and the metrics selection for process evaluation, adding the approach toward sustainable economic development.
Bamboo as a source for value added products: Paving way to global circular economy
Authors: Kaur Perminder Jit , Yadav Preity , Gupta Manyata , Khandegar Vinita , Jain Arinjay
Published: August 2022

Bamboo biomass is known for its low cost, abundance, fast growth rate, low weight-to-height ratio, and load-bearing abilities, making it an attractive alternative to materials such as wood, metal, steel, and plastic for multiple applications. Bamboo is traditionally used in handicrafts, food, building, construction, pulp, and paper. The production of energy and green adsorbents with unique properties are a few emerging applications of bamboo. Porous structured, bamboo-based charcoal allows the separation of solute from solvent and can be used to detoxify the air, water, and soil. The surface functional groups can be enhanced during thermal processing, yielding activated carbon products and serving greenhouse gas capturing applications. Nanoparticle particles (Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 and silver) coated bamboo charcoal has shown microwave and Infrared energy shielding effects. Bamboo-based charcoal also has exceptional medicinal values, is an efficient drug-delivery agent, and has tremendous potential for small and medium enterprises. Bamboo charcoal is also investigated as a toxin adsorber and hence a blood purifier. This review also considers the potential and challenges in using bamboo and its products for many applications that can contribute to a renewable society.
Schizophyllum commune: A fungal cell-factory for production of valuable metabolites and enzymes
Authors: Kumar Amit , Bharti Amit Kumar , Bezie Yilkal
Published: August 2022

Schizophyllum commune is a basidiomycete that is capable of producing different valuable metabolites such as schizophyllan-a polysaccharide, ethanol, and lignocellulolytic enzymes. Schizophyllan finds application in the food industry, pharmacy, and oil recovery. It acts as a non-specific stimulator of immune system. It shows bioactivities such as antineoplastic, antibacterial, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and antiparasitic properties. S. commune is capable of producing bioethanol directly in a single step using lignocellulosic biomass. Lignocellulolytic enzymes including cellulase, xylanase, pectinase, laccase, lignin peroxidase, and manganese peroxidase, are also synthesized efficiently by different strains of S. commune. Being a good producer of ligninolytic enzymes, S. commune has been shown to be effective for the degradation of various synthetic dyes. This article reviews the production of schizophyllan, ethanol, and enzymes and the utilization of S. commune for lignocellulose degradation and decolorization of synthetic dyes.
The applications of machine vision in raw material and production of wood products
Authors: Wang Qi , Zhan Xianxu , Wu Zhihui , Liu Xinyou , Feng Xinhao
Published: August 2022

Machine vision has been developed nearly for 70 years and been widely applied in electronics, automotive manufacturing, food processing, etc. With deepening study of its theory and technology in forestry industry, the industry of wood products is moving steadily toward the goal of automated identification and production to improve the manufacturing intelligence of enterprises. In this study, theoretical and algorithmic research on image acquisition, feature extraction, recognition, and classification involved in machine vision-based wood recognition technology were analyzed on the basis of its global development. The applications of machine vision in the wood materials, such as the identification of tree species, wood inspection and classification, defects detection of wood product, surface analysis of wood color, and quality control of furnishing products were thoroughly analyzed. The development trend of machine vision in the production and management of wood materials was considered in the current development of wood and furnishing enterprises. These results lay a solid foundation for wood science research, and intelligent manufacture of wooden furniture, and efficient development of greener and cleaner production of the furniture industry, which could improve the environmental effect of the wood products and furniture and make a great contribution for the carbon goal of “30-60” in China.
Successful application of Yoga Prana Vidya therapy and energy healing techniques in de-addiction: An analysis of case series
Authors:   YPV L1 Trainer, and Arhat yoga practitioner, Melbourne, Australia., Dube Neelam , Ashwin Ramya ,   Senior YPV Trainer, Certified YPV healer & Arhat Yoga Practitioner, Hassan, Karnataka, India., Nanduri Venkata Satyanarayana ,   Consultant, Research & Publications, Yoga Prana Vidya Ashram, Sri Ramana Trust, Thally-635118, Krishnagiri District, Tamilnadu, India.
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Human beings are afflicted by various harmful addictions of substance and non-substance cravings. Several behavioural therapies and medications are normally available for de-addiction and rehabilitation. Yoga Prana Vidya (YPV) is an integrated and holistic system that consists of no-touch no-drug energy healing protocols and simple to practice. This paper presents cases of various addictions successfully overcome using YPV System Protocols. Method: This paper uses case study method going through case papers and feedback reports from subjects who had successfully overcome addictions using Yoga Prana Vidya system of protocols. Results: An Indian sample of 30 documented cases shows that Yoga Prana Vidya healers applied YPV protocols for de-addiction of these cases successfully, and the 7 subjects who could be followed up confirmed that they successfully sustained the change. An in-depth case study of a subject in Australia healed by a YPV healer in Australia shows that the subject cured completely of alcohol addiction after 2 weeks of YPV healing. Further to it, this subject learnt YPV Level 1 healing and became a healer to continue healing himself and others as well. Conclusion: YPV system is integrated and holistic, without touch or use of drugs. Decades of experience with YPV practice shows that many types of physical, mental and emotional illnesses have been cured successfully. YPV is easy to learn and simple to practice by all. Further research may be conducted on a larger sample of varied conditions of addiction to gain broader insights into this phenomenon. KEY WORDS: Addiction, Substance Use Disorder (SUD), Addictive behaviours, Yoga Prana Vidya System ®, YPV ®
ВОПРОСЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ КЛЮЧЕВЫХ ТРЕНДОВ РАЗВИТИЯ РЕГИОНОВ РОССИИ ПО НАПРАВЛЕНИЮ СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ СФЕРЫ
Authors: Бондаренко Виктория Андреевна , Гузенко Наталья Владимировна , Романишина Татьяна Сергеевна
Published: August 2022

Цель исследования. На основе проведения маркетингового анализа сложившихся ключевых трендов в развитии регионов приоритеты в отношении обеспечения качества жизни и возможностей будущих поколений могут быть оценены с точки зрения развитости, представленности социальной сферы. В данном ключе в современной ситуации актуальным представляется проведение маркетингового анализа сложившихся ключевых трендов в развитии регионов, что подразумевает формулирование мировых, а также федеральных трендов, определяющих возможности и прогнозы в части социальной сферы.

Методологическая база исследования. В рамках изучения вопросов формирования ключевых трендов развития регионов России по направлению социальной сферы авторы базируются на рассмотрении профильных научных источников, существующих компетентных мнений и результатов эмпирических исследований, характеризующих социальное развитие, материалов по текущей ситуации и перспективным направлениям развития. В исследовании использовались методы сбора и сравнения данных, анализа, синтеза и графической интерпретации полученной информации, что обеспечило обоснованность выводов.

Результаты исследования. В результате реализации исследования выявлены перспективы развития социальной сферы в регионах России в нацеленности на выделение пула регионов-лидеров, успешную практику которых можно масштабировать на другие субъекты. Само социальное развитие представлено направлением, связанным и во многом определяющим возможности современного общества в части экономического роста и научно-технического прогресса. Подход к выявлению основных тенденций на уровне регионов необходимо сопоставлять и определять в соотнесении с глобальными и федеральными трендами.

Перспективы исследования представляют сопоставление глобальных, федеральных, региональных трендов, позволяющих принимать обоснованные решения и формировать базис положительных преобразований в регионах-лидерах.
ОСНОВЫ ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО МЕХАНИЗМА ЭКОЛОГИЗАЦИИ МИНЕРАЛЬНО-СЫРЬЕВОГО КОМПЛЕКСА
Authors: Закондырин Александр Евгеньевич
Published: August 2022

Целью исследования является разработка концептуального подхода к организационно-экономическому механизму экологизации минерально-сырьевого комплекса.

Методологическую базу исследования представляют базисные положения к анализу теоретических подходов к понятию «организационно-экономический механизм» и принципов экологизации. В статье используются такие научные методы, как обобщение и дедукция, анализ, синтез.

Результаты исследования. Уточнены фундаментальные основы организационно-экономического механизма обеспечения процесса экологизации минерально-сырьевого комплекса и разработана концепция организационно-экономического механизма экологизации для компаний минерально-сырьевого сектора.

Перспективы исследования заключаются в развитии методических подходов к оценке результативности программ экологизации в минерально-сырьевом комплексе на основе разработанного концептуального подхода.
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ПОТРЕБИТЕЛЬСКОГО СПРОСА КАК ЭЛЕМЕНТ ЦЕЛЕПОЛАГАНИЯ ПРИ СОЗДАНИИ РЕГИОНАЛЬНОЙ СТРАТЕГИИ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ
Authors: Клеева Людмила Петровна
Published: August 2022

Цель исследования — выявление роли формирования потребительского спроса как элемента целеполагания при создании стратегии социально-экономического развития региона.

Методологическую базу исследования представляют базисные положения теории макроэкономической устойчивости концепции устойчивого развития. К используемым научным методам относятся системный, сравнительный и причинно-следственный анализ.

Результаты исследования. В статье рассматривается важность обеспечения роста благосостояния населения при формировании и реализации стратегий социально-экономического развития регионов, в том числе регулирования спроса населения на способствующие росту благосостояния населения товары и ограничение спроса на вредные товары, формирование спроса на инновационные товары. Выводы основываются на опыте автора по формированию стратегий социально-экономического развития Иркутской и Костромской областей, Забайкальского края, а также Кызылординской области Республики Казахстан.

Перспективы исследования. Полученные результаты могут использоваться в дальнейших работах по формированию стратегий социально-экономического развития регионов Российской Федерации, в частности при конкретизации целеполагания как ключевого элемента создания таких стратегий. К аналогичным элементам целеполагания отнесены достижение стабильного развития на основе системы макроэкономических показателей на базе принципа Парето-эффективности, достижение безопасности населения региона.
СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ РАЗВИТИЯ МАЛЫХ ФОРМ ХОЗЯЙСТВОВАНИЯ В АГРАРНОЙ СФЕРЕ ОБЩЕСТВЕННОГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВА
Authors: Сафронкина Елена Ивановна , Долматова Людмила Георгиевна
Published: August 2022

Цель исследования — анализ становления малых форм хозяйствования в России и выявление социально-экономических аспектов развития крестьянских (фермерских) и личных подсобных хозяйств в аграрной сфере общественного производства на современном этапе, представление статистических показателей, характеризующих производственную деятельность предприятий малых форм по отраслям аграрного сектора экономики за последние годы.

Методологическую базу исследования представляет система общих теоретических принципов решения современных проблем в экономической ситуации, влияющая на эффективность и результаты производства малых форм хозяйствования, на основе анализа исторического опыта. К используемым научным методам относятся историко-сравнительный, причинно-следственный и экономико-статистический анализ.

Результаты исследования. В результате анализа социально-экономических аспектов развития малых форм хозяйствования в аграрной сфере общественного производства и исторических моментов их развития было выявлено, что личные подсобные и крестьянские (фермерские) хозяйства реально могут составить организационно-экономический базис для формирования мощного сектора мелкотоварного производства. Несмотря на сокращение в последние годы числа малых сельскохозяйственных предприятий, результаты их производственной деятельности положительны. Фермеры имеют сильнейшую мотивацию на расширение производства, на модернизацию своих хозяйств и на освоение новых технологий. При всесторонней государственной поддержке это позволит не только обеспечить дальнейшее развитие всех малых форм, но и даст новый импульс развития, обеспечит положительную динамику всему сельскому хозяйству, откроет новые возможности для жителей сельских территорий.

Перспективы исследования заключаются в анализе развития крестьянских (фермерских) и личных подсобных хозяйств как малых форм хозяйствования в аграрной сфере общественного производства с целью выявления ряда причин, влияющих на эффективность их деятельности.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ИНСТИТУТА ГОСУДАРСТВЕННО-ЧАСТНОГО ПАРТНЕРСТВА В ЦИФРОВУЮ ЭПОХУ
Authors: Яцечко Станислав Станиславович
Published: August 2022

Целью статьи является идентификация особенностей и определение перспектив развития института государственно-частного партнерства в цифровую эпоху.

Методология. Поставленная цель достигается с помощью метода регрессионного анализа, благодаря которому устанавливаются причинно-следственные связи между уровнем развития государственно-частного партнерства и различными параметрами цифровой экономики. Исследование проводится на примере ведущих цифровых экономик мира в 2021 г. — как развитых, так и динамично развивающихся.

Результаты исследования. В результате с опорой на эконометрические модели выявлены особенности развития института государственно-частного партнерства в цифровую эпоху. Установлены последствия оптимизации влияющих факторов цифровой экономики для института государственно-частного партнерства в России. Оригинальность статьи заключается в учете нового — цифрового — контекста на институт государственно-частного партнерства. Теоретическая значимость полученных результатов заключается в том, что система выявленных факторов цифровой экономики, влияющих на институт государственно-частного партнерства, уточняет сущность данного института и более достоверно объясняет логику его развития в цифровую эпоху.

Перспективы исследования. Практическая значимость сделанных в статье авторских выводов состоит в том, что проанализированный международный опыт полезен для России — он позволяет наиболее точно прогнозировать и открывает широкие возможности для управления развитием института государственно-частного партнерства в отечественной хозяйственной системе.