bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biomolecular Characterization of Diazotrophs Isolated from the Tropical Soil in Malaysia
Authors: Naher Umme , Othman Radziah , Latif Mohammad , Panhwar Qurban , Amaddin Puteri , Shamsuddin Zulkifli
Published: August 2013

This study was conducted to evaluate selected biomolecular characteristics of rice root-associated diazotrophs isolated from the Tanjong Karang rice irrigation project area of Malaysia. Soil and rice plant samples were collected from seven soil series belonging to order Inceptisol (USDA soil taxonomy). A total of 38 diazotrophs were isolated using a nitrogen-free medium. The biochemical properties of the isolated bacteria, such as nitrogenase activity, indoleacetic acid (IAA) production and sugar utilization, were measured. According to a cluster analysis of Jaccard’s similarity coefficients, the genetic similarities among the isolated diazotrophs ranged from 10% to 100%. A dendogram constructed using the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) showed that the isolated diazotrophs clustered into 12 groups. The genomic DNA rep-PCR data were subjected to a principal component analysis, and the first four principal components (PC) accounted for 52.46% of the total variation among the 38 diazotrophs. The 10 diazotrophs that tested highly positive in the acetylene reduction assay (ARA) were identified as Bacillus spp. (9 diazotrophs) and Burkholderia sp. (Sb16) using the partial 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. In the analysis of the biochemical characteristics, three principal components were accounted for approximately 85% of the total variation among the identified diazotrophs. The examination of root colonization using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) proved that two of the isolated diazotrophs (Sb16 and Sb26) were able to colonize the surface and interior of rice roots and fixed 22%–24% of the total tissue nitrogen from the atmosphere. In general, the tropical soils (Inceptisols) of the Tanjong Karang rice irrigation project area in Malaysia harbor a diverse group of diazotrophs that exhibit a large variation of biomolecular characteristics.
Pharmacological Studies of Tentacle Extract from the Jellyfish Cyanea capillata in Isolated Rat Aorta
Authors: Wang Beilei , Zhang Bo , Wang Qianqian , Zhang Zhi , Nie Fei , Liu Guoyan , Zheng Jiemin , Xiao Liang , Zhang Liming
Published: August 2013

Our previous studies demonstrated that tentacle extract (TE) from the jellyfish, Cyanea capillata, could cause a dose-dependent increase of systolic blood pressure, which seemed to be the result of direct constriction of vascular smooth muscle (VSM). The aim of this study is to investigate whether TE could induce vasoconstriction in vitro and to explore its potential mechanism. Using isolated aorta rings, a direct contractile response of TE was verified, which showed that TE could induce concentration-dependent contractile responses in both endothelium-intact and -denuded aortas. Interestingly, the amplitude of contraction in the endothelium-denuded aorta was much stronger than that in the endothelium-intact one, implying that TE might also bring a weak functional relaxation in addition to vasoconstriction. Further drug intervention experiments indicated that the functional vasodilation might be mediated by nitric oxide, and that TE-induced vasoconstriction could be attributed to calcium influx via voltage-operated calcium channels (VOCCs) from the extracellular space, as well as sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ release via the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R), leading to an increase in [Ca2+]c, instead of activation of the PLC/DAG/PKC pathway or the sympathetic nerve system.
In Vitro Delivery and Controlled Release of Doxorubicin for Targeting Osteosarcoma Bone Cancer
Authors: Kamba Shafiu , Ismail Maznah , Hussein-Al-Ali Samer , Ibrahim Tengku , Zakaria Zuki
Published: August 2013

Drug delivery systems are designed to achieve drug therapeutic index and enhance the efficacy of controlled drug release targeting with specificity and selectivity by successful delivery of therapeutic agents at the desired sites without affecting the non-diseased neighbouring cells or tissues. In this research, we developed and demonstrated a bio-based calcium carbonate nanocrystals carrier that can be loaded with anticancer drug and selectively deliver it to cancer cells with high specificity by achieving the effective osteosarcoma cancer cell death without inducing specific toxicity. The results showed pH sensitivity of the controlled release characteristics of the drug at normal physiological pH 7.4 with approximately 80% released within 1,200 min but when exposed pH 4.8 the corresponding 80% was released in 50 min. This study showed that the DOX-loaded CaCO3 nanocrystals have promising applications in delivery of anticancer drugs.
Chapiteaux de marbre antérieurs à l'époque romane dans le Gers : nouvelles découvertes
Authors: Lapart Jacques
Published: August 2013

Les chapiteaux de marbre antérieurs à l'époque romane du département du Gers ont déjà donné lieu à plusieurs travaux publiés il y a quelques années par M. Larrieu-Duler. Outre les dimensions et la description du chapiteau, chaque notice comprend un paragraphe sur le contexte archéologique du lieu de découverte. En l'état actuel de la recherche, il est difficile de dater avec précision ces différents éléments ; ils témoignent néanmoins de l'excellente qualité de la décoration immobilière des établissements ruraux de Novempopulanie durant l'Antiquité tardive.
Un puits : reflet de la vie quotidienne à Montpellier au XIIIe siècle
Authors: Leenhardt Marie , Leguilloux Martine , Vallauri L. , Vayssettes J.-L. , Waksmann Sylvie-Yona , Merle-Thirion V.
Published: August 2013

The presentation of the totality of chattels (ceramics, wood, metal, glass, leather, cloths) and the fauna filling a well, in the rue Barallerie in Montpellier, gives an exceptional and diversified image of the life in this urban metropolis at the 13th century. The pre-eminence of ceramics in the other categories is remarkable, with virtually all pieces of crockery being regional with few imports. The study of ceramics, completed by the characterisation of clays in the laboratory and compared with written sources, contributes to the research on production in the Montpellier area, perhaps of the city itself in this period. It gives a first approach to their distribution and gives information on the mode of supply of this district. Dishes and objects made of wood constitute one of the major sets discovered in France, uncommon in the Mediterranean area.
Les mines de plomb argentifère et zinc d’Aulus-les-Bains (Ariège)
Authors: Dubois Claude
Published: August 2013

In the XIVth century, lead / silver and zinc ores were extracted mainly at the Raspes vertical vein. The lodging of Castel-Minier exploited by means of pits, blankroom and exhaust gallery, was opened by firesetting and stickle burin. As much as forty tons of silver were recovered on the right bank of the river Garbet. A new period of modest exploitation came at the end of the XVIIIth century. The zinc ore forsaken by medieval miners at Raspes was extracted at the end of the XIXth century and begining of the next. Mining engineer and contractor Gustave Vieira began and " Societé de la Vieille Montagne" took over in a policy of extensive exploitation of resources. The mine and metallurgical site at Castel Minier are still of potential archeological interest.
L'automne horticole du Moyen Age, permanences médiévales dans les traités de jardinage de la première modernité (1486-1652).
Authors: Quellier Florent
Published: August 2013

This paper examines medieval mental and technical permanencies in French horticultural treatises published between the end of the XVth centuty and the 1650’ s. Until the 1560’ s, gardening treatises testify to a vivid unitary vision of the world where everything is possible, where an extremely good knowledge of the art of grafting does coexist with the most extravagant grafts. This rationality begins to falter during the second half of the XVIth century. Yet, it’s only in the 1650’ s that we witness the arrival of a new generation of horticultural treatises. The rupture is then obvious, concerning mentalities - magic and supernatural are banned from serious horticultural literature -as well as techniques thanks to theorization and improvement of fructification grafting and increased selection of fruit varieties.
Characterization of Permeability, Stability and Anti-HIV-1 Activity of Decitabine and Gemcitabine Divalerate Prodrugs
Authors: Clouser Christine L , Bonnac Laurent , Mansky Louis M , Patterson Steven E
Published: August 2013

Background:

Over 25 drugs have been approved for the treatment of HIV-1 replication. All but one of these drugs is delivered as an oral medication. Previous studies have demonstrated that two drugs, decitabine and gemcitabine, have potent anti-HIV-1 activities and can work together in synergy to reduce HIV-1 infectivity via lethal mutagenesis. For their current indications, decitabine and gemcitabine are delivered intravenously.

Methods:

As an initial step towards the clinical translation of these drugs for the treatment of HIV-1 infection, we synthesized decitabine and gemcitabine prodrugs in order to increase drug permeability, which has generally been shown to correlate with increased bioavailability in vivo. In the present study we investigated the permeability, stability and anti-HIV-1 activity of decitabine and gemcitabine prodrugs and selected the divalerate esters of each as candidates for further investigation.

Results:

Our results provide the first demonstration of divalerate prodrugs of decitabine and gemcitabine that are readily permeable, stable and possess anti-HIV-1 activity.

Conclusions:

These observations predict improved oral availability of decitabine and gemcitabine, and warrant further study of their ability to reduce HIV-1 infectivity in vivo.
Empirical Study on the Effectiveness of Network-based College English Teaching Mode
Authors: Chengxing Jin
Published: August 2013

In order to study the effectiveness of the network-based college English teaching mode, the paper firstly introduces the application background, its main features and theoretical basis. Then, an investigation via questionnaires was made to the two experiment classes and studentsâ?? achievement test scores were compared between the two experiment classes and the control class. By analyzing the findings and comparing the achievement test scores, a conclusion was arrived that the students in the experiment classes benefits by developing an autonomy in English learning, getting highly motivated , becoming more independent of teachers and, more importantly, their comprehensive abilities were more enhanced , particularly in listening ,speaking, reading and writing, while, on the other hand, teachers are still an important factor, acting its new role by designing the courseware, administrating studentsâ?? autonomous learning, facilitating the learning process ,organizing the cooperative learning activities and giving instructions on using the network resources and learning strategies.
Discussion of Cities Construction Shape in Urbanization
Authors: Wang Shu
Published: August 2013

With the accelerated pace of urbanization in China , more and more around the town 's land development , but most of the towns architectural form in a chaotic , self-development conditions , constitute urban architectural form of the four elements : building color , spatial composition , four aspects of the architectural style and building materials and other constraints , planning and building genuine regional characteristics in the urban architectural form.
Research on Adsorption of Cu2+ in Wastewater by Carbonaceous Adsorbent Made by Sludge
Authors: Gu Jin Chuan , Mei Zi Liang , Wei Chun Mei , Wang Hui Yan , Lin Wen Jun , Dou Chuan Long
Published: August 2013

The adsorption property of Cu2+ in aqueous solution by carbonaceous adsorbent made by sludge was studied. Under static conditions, the influences to the adsorption properties by the dosage of adsorbent, adsorption time, concentration of Cu2+, adsorption temperature, pH value, and other factors were systematically studied. The adsorption kinetics of the carbonaceous adsorbent was analyzed, and its adsorption properties were primarily discussed. The research results show that the carbonaceous adsorbent made by sludge has strong removal efficiency of Cu2+; the adsorption process complies with the Fruendlich adsorption isotherm; and the adsorption process can be represented by first-order kinetic model.
A Study of the Creativity Competition of the International College Student Charity Advertising Festival for Environmental Protection
Authors: Lin Rui Lin
Published: August 2013

This study announced the competition rules of the International College Student Charity Advertising Festival on Facebook and invited students from the Department of Commercial Design of a Technology University in central Taiwan to participate actively. Moreover, the cross-school team teaching method with two teachers was adopted to guide the students in the print advertisement design competition with the topic of environmental protection. During the time after school and the winter vacation, the students discussed their works with the teachers face-to-face through online video conferences and then made modifications on their works. The duration was 9 weeks. A total of 8 representative works were selected to be submitted to the poster design competition. The results were outstanding. This method is worth promoting in the future.
Analysis of Natural Ventilation Efficiency of a Passive Solar Chimney in a Conference Hall of the Magic School of Green Technology
Authors: Chien Chun Han , Lin Hsien Te
Published: August 2013

This study focuses on the efficiency of passive solar chimney in natural ventilation performance of the conference hall at the Magic School of Green Technology (MSGT) in Tainan, Taiwan. The air exchange rate in the conference hall was between 5.73 ACH and 9.11 ACH, which exceeded the minimum air ventilation rate required in Taiwan. This shows that a passive solar chimney can effectively applied to the conference hall to meet indoor ventilation and air exchange requirements without using air conditioning.
Investigation on Self-Assembly in Binary Organogels Containing Benzimidazole/Benzothiazole and Alkyl Substituent Acids
Authors: Liu Ai Xin
Published: August 2013

The gelation behaviors and self-assembly of organogels composed of benzimidazole/benzothiazole derivatives and benzoic acid with single/multi-alkyl substituent chain in various organic solvents were investigated. Their gelation behaviors in 20 solvents were tested as new organic gelators. It showed that the number and length of alkyl substituent chains, and benzimidazole/benzothiazole segment, have played a crucial role in the gelation behavior of all gelator mixtures in various organic solvents. More alkyl chains in molecular skeletons in present gelators are favorable for the gelation of organic solvents. The length of alkyl substituent chains has also played an important role in changing the gelation behaviors and assembly states. Morphological studies revealed that the gelator molecules self-assemble into different aggregates from wrinkle, lamella, belt, to fiber with change of solvents.
Effects of Flexible Functional Layer Incorporated with Rubber Powder on the Vibration Reduction of Cement Concrete Pavement
Authors: Yang Bin , Wang Jiang , Yang He Yuan , Zeng Ling Nian , Feng Chao , Tan Shi Yu
Published: August 2013

Small sized specimen of cement concrete pavement structure was prepared indoors. By utilizing the dynamic signal tester and obtaining the vibration frequency domain signals through the falling-ball vibration impact test method, the attenuation rules of the vibration response of the pavement structure were analyzed and the effects of the flexible functional layer on the vibration-reduction and energy-absorption were studied. The results showed that, after compared with the normal flexible functional layer, the flexible functional layer incorporated with rubber powder resulted in the pavement structure having the better capacities of vibration-reduction energy-absorption and impact resistance. Accordingly, the rupture failure of the cement concrete pavement induced by vehicle load can be reduced.
The Study of Elastic Strains of Parts from the Grinding Technological System
Authors: Casian Maxim
Published: August 2013

In this paper we present the results of numerical simulation of the stiffness of gear grinding system using finite element method (FEM). Since the rigidity of system can be characterized by two aspects, one static and one dynamic. We will concentrate on the low stiffness of components inside the system to find errors that may affect the precision on the horizontal, vertical and rotational direction of technological system elements.
A Comparison between the Wear of the Ball Nose End Mill Generated in 4 Axes Milling and in 5 Axes Milling
Authors: Diciuc Vlad
Published: August 2013

Ball nose end mills are being extensively used for 3-5 axes milling processes but research is still being conducted on the behavior of this type of tool and on the factors that influence its lifespan. The current paper presents the comparative study results of the tool wear, tool life and machined surface quality when 4 axes milling and 5 axes milling annealed C45 workpiece.
Experimental Researches on the Limit Angle of Conical Parts Manufactured by Single Stage Incremental Forming on CNC Lathes
Authors: Neagoe Ion , Filip Alexandru Catalin , Vasiloni Mircea Anton
Published: August 2013

ncremental sheet forming (ISF) is one the manufacturing methods for sheet metal parts which has an increased rate of flexibility combined with relatively simple and cheap common technological equipment. This paper presents the results of researches on ISF performed on a CNC lathe, for thin sheet parts made of DC04Am mild steel. The main objective of the paper was to establish the maximum wall angle of the parts and its dependence on the main parameters of the process: thickness and diameter of the part, the tool radius, the feed rate, the spindle speed and the lubricating/cooling conditions. The tests were performed with original equipment designed by the authors and the results were commented and presented in diagrams and images of the parts. The main conclusion is that ISF on a CNC lathe can be successfully used for manufacturing conical shaped parts made of mild steel thin sheet, having a certain maximum angle of the parts wall, for small sized batches. The limit values of the parameters analyzed are a useful technological database for engineers.
Blank Shape Optimization in Deep Drawing with Combined Restraint
Authors: Paunoiu Viorel , Teodor Virgil
Published: August 2013

One of the methods for increasing the degree of deformation in the deep drawing of the cylindrical parts is the method with the combined restraint. In this process, due to the high degree of deformation, the earing is pronounced and affects the quality of the final part. The paper focuses in optimization the blank shape in this process applying a method which combines a mathematical relation with the results of the numerical simulation. The mathematical relation connects the radii of the initial blank at the different angles with the sizes of the part heights at different angles. The numerical simulation using FEM was used for the heights determination at the main anisotropy directions considering different initial blank dimensions. An experimental work was done for certify the numerical results. The results confirmed that the optimization of the blank shape in deep drawing with the combined restraint is a key for improving the deformation process, for reduction the earing and for minimizing the material consumption.
Dimensional Accuracy of the Molds Built on Rapid Prototyping under the Influence of the Investment Casting Heat Processes
Authors: Coman Adrian , Rodean Simona , Leordean Dănuţ Vasile , Patalita Carol
Published: August 2013

t is well known that the Investment Casting (IC) processes automatically involves wax and molds as a first step. During the wax injection there are heat transfer between the wax pattern and mold. The mold is getting heat and due to this, the dimensional accuracy suffers in the not desirable way. Injection molding has been the most popular method for making wax products due to high efficiency and manufacturability.
Customer Matrix with Different Time Horizons Applied to Electrodischarge Machines
Authors: Ghiculescu Daniela , Marinescu Niculae , Ghiculescu Daniel , Pirnău Claudiu
Published: August 2013

A very effective method to evaluate the products is the Customer Matrix (CM) that uses two coordinates: Perceived Used Value (PUV) and Perceived Price. Our researches extend this basic concept by adding the time variable, creating CM with different time horizons that assures a better understanding of competitive environment. In the first stage, the Customer Matrix is associated with a forecast method. The relevance tree method was used to predict the most probable evolution paths of electrodischarge machines. In the second stage, the CM with different time horizons is constructed, considering products evaluation for short, medium and long time. Finally, a strategy is conceived for an organization that attempts to ameliorate and consolidate its long term position against the main competitors, aiming at obtaining sustainable competitive advantage.
Machinability Evaluation by Single Electrical Discharge
Authors: Gherman Lorelei , Palaghia Ionut , Slătineanu Laurenţiu
Published: August 2013

Electrical discharge machining is widely used in processing complex shaped parts. The method uses a tool electrode having a specific geometry, but the tool wear can affect such geometry in time. An affordable material for obtaining tool electrodes with complicated profiles can be electrolytic copper. Some issues appear when workpiece materials made also out of copper or copper alloys are processed, as the copper tool life span decreases. Machinability is the property of a material that indicates good process outcomes for the manufacturer, such as a high material removal rate and low tool wear. In order to determine some machinability indicators such as tool wear and material removal rate, a set of experiments were designed for single discharge machining using thin sheets of copper as tool electrodes and thin sheets of brass as test pieces, with workpiece thicknesses of 0.1 mm. The craters obtained after discharge were analyzed by means of a digital microscope. Based on these results, a statistical analysis was developed and the influence of input process factors was evaluated.
Formation of the Optimal Machining Process Based on the Analysis of Design and Technological Dimension Relations
Authors: Toca Alexei , Stingaci Ion
Published: August 2013

The traditional method of development of technologies of machining
Diminishing Shape Errors at Electrical Discharge Machining of External Cylindrical Surfaces
Authors: Slătineanu Laurenţiu , Coteaţă Margareta , Gherman Lorelei , Beşliu Irina , Radovanović Miroslav , Mircescu Ciprian , Ştoica Stefan
Published: August 2013

Electrical discharge machining is a method that could be applied in order to detach cylindrical parts from a workpiece made of electroconductive material. If cylindrical tube is used as tool electrode, the machined surface could have a conical shape, due to the presence in the work gap of the electroconductive particles, detached from electrodes. Experimental researches were developed in order to obtain information concerning the shape error of machined surface. As a result of the experimental observation, improved technological solutions were identified and investigated. The experimental results proved certain possibilities of shape error decrease.
Contribution at the Calculation and Variation in Time of the Surface Roughness Produced by Turning Process
Authors: Buzatu Constantin , Orzan Iulian Alexandru
Published: August 2013

Starting from the analytical calculation relation of the Ra parameter of the surface roughness for the turning operations, it brings contribution to the improvement of the precision of the surface roughness calculation, by taking in consideration the working speed, the top radius of the tool and the in time wear of the turning cutting tool. Also, it is presented the relation between in time wear of the radial turning cutting tool, the variation in time of the correction coefficient and the surface roughness obtained, by taking in consideration the material characteristics of working and of the technological and constructive parameters in specification for the turning process.
Studies Concerning the Corrosion Behaviour of the Cast Stainless Steel Used for Chemical Industry
Authors: Simionescu Gheorghe , Gheorghian Mirela
Published: August 2013

The current work deals with experimental tests concerning the behaviour of different materials used in chemical industry when are exposed to diverse corrosions environments. During the research work four different metals have been tested, namely T15NiCr180, T15MoNiCr180, W4027 and W4059. The presented work is trying to classify the tested materials function to different chemical environment, different concentration of the environment, different temperature of the environment, and different expose time. Some of the substances which were considered as corrosion environment are: HNO3, H3PO4, NaCl, NH4Cl, C2H5OH, Petrol, NH4NO3, KNO3, K2CO3, Na2CO3, KMnO4, KOH and Ca (OH)2. The concentration of the corrosion solutions varies between 1% and 96%. Tests have been done at room temperature and hot environment of 100°C. Time is playing an important role on evolution of the corrosion. For this reason the samples have been analyzed after 48, 336, 720 and 2160 hours of exposes to chemical agents. To understand the comportment of the subject metals when are used in industry, samples have been tested for longer period of time, respectively 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. After each selected period of time the metallic samples were analyzed and measured to quantify the effect of the environment on the corrosion speed.
Automated Stand for Non-Destructive Testing Evaluation of Metal Products
Authors: Cicic Dumitru Titi , Amza Cătălin Gheorghe , Popescu Diana , Anania Florea Dorel
Published: August 2013

Problem be used for evaluating products quality: - Destructive evaluation, in which the product is destroyed in order to analyse its properties and internal structure; - Non destructive evaluation (NDE), used for identifying defect and irregularities, without damaging the product. These non destructive evaluation methods include [1-4]: ‐ Visual and optical testing – VT; ‐ Magnetic particle testing – MT; ‐ Liquid penetrant testing –PT; ‐ Radiographic testing – RT ; ‐ Ultrasounds testing – UT; ‐ Eddy current testing – ET; One of the most frequently used method of non destructive examination is PT or dye penetrant testing (DPT), due to the low costs involved, ease of use and flexibility, suitability to a large number of applications. This method evaluates the presence of open discontinuities (or cracks) on the surface part, based on reverse capillary action and on the developer absorption effect which draw out penetrant and produces indications visible for the inspector (see fig.1 for a principle scheme of LP examination [5]). Although widely used, PT has several disadvantages: - Limitation to surface defects or to the defects which communicates with the surface; - Only products with non porous surfaces (or with low porosity) can be inspected; - Important amount of time used for manipulating the parts during inspection; - Results interpretation heavily depends on subjective aspects such as operator experience, knowledge and motivation. In order to eliminate or reduce the operator involvement in the process steps, research has being made for automating the process, such examples of liquid penetrant inspection lines can be found in [10-15]. However, in all analysed automated PT systems, the inspection is still made visually by an inspector, who gives a pass/fail grade for the inspected parts. The difficulty of fully automating the liquid penetrant inspection process is due not only to the necessity to precisely determine and control process parameters (dwell time, developer time, drying time, quantity of penetrant, developer and cleaning water, pressure for spraying solutions with penetrant, developer and cleaning water, transport speed, etc.) but also to the evaluation and results interpretation process. Thus, even if there are patents [16-17] which present approaches and general frameworks for fully-automated LPT systems, including also automatic image processing of the flaws, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, these equipment are not yet implemented. In this context, this paper presents an experimental stand for a fully automated liquid penetrant inspection line, which includes the development and use of dedicated imaging software used for real time interpretation of the images acquired using a digital camera. The novelty of the research consist in designing and building a fully-automated LPT stand, controlled by a soft which contains also a module for acquisition and image processing in real time without no human implication.
Poly-Articulated System with Spatial Positioning
Authors: Stan Gheorghe
Published: August 2013

Researchers in the field of robotics have intense preoccupations on building cheaper and faster robots, with higher accuracy and repeatability, with modulated architectures, diversified in terms of design and oriented to the most diverse activities. The present work is placed in this context; it presents a new poly-articulated system, brevetted, with availability for spatial positioning at high accuracy and repeatability. Thus the robot can insert its arm through windows of small size and place the arm behind a panel etc. The modular structure of its joints provides the possibility for obtaining several advantages on performing various configurations in a short time and on lower expenses. At the same time, the driving and control systems of the rotary axes are conceived in closed loop that confers the premises for obtaining a high positioning accuracy.
FEA Study on the Elastic Deformation Process of a Simple Bimetal Beam
Authors: Aignătoaie Mihail
Published: August 2013

The design of bimetal strips actuators is usually based on some approximate formulas. The cross section of the bimetal actuators is usually constant. In order to optimize the shape of the bimetal it is important to know the configuration of the deformation process in the entire body during real conditions. The paper presents a Finite Element Analysis of simple bimetal beam. There have been considered both thermical and mechanical loads acting on the bimetal actuator . The study focused on the distribution of stresses and the strain energy distribution in both longitudinal and transversal sections. Areas with smallest values and gradients for these parameters could be considered for material removal in order to reduce the volume and optimize the shape of the bimetal simple beam actuator.
About CAD Activities Effectiveness and Efficiency as Instruments for Sustainable Product Development
Authors: Merticaru Vasile , Ripanu Marius Ionut
Published: August 2013

The paper presents an approach upon some strategies for improving the effectiveness and efficiency of engineering design activities, respectively of CAD activities, discussions being made in relation with their expected effects upon the sustainability of product development process. Concepts and principles of collaborative design, axiomatic design, integration of design applications with manufacturing planning and technical data management aspects, design reuse etc. are discussed within the presented approach. Complex assembly modeling management issues are also discussed as case study.
Modeling of Stress in Drills with Curved Cutting Edges
Authors: Baroiu Nicuşor , Boazu Doina , Vasilache Cosmin Alexandru , Teodor Virgil
Published: August 2013

In this paper, it is presented an analysis of the strains and deformation state for a new constructive type of cutting tool the helical drill with three curved cutting edges. The analysis was developed in the application Ansys Workbench, after a definition of the drills geometry in the CATIA environment. It was modeled a specifically load, according to the geometry of the variable working angle of the new drill type. They are presented numerical examples, in comparison with a standard drill, for the diameter of 20 mm.
Mathematical Model and Algorithm to Optimize the Construction of Adjustable Multi-Axis Heads
Authors: Nitu Eduard Laurentiu , Babă Alexandru , Iordache Daniela Monica , Costea Aurel , Iacomi Doina
Published: August 2013

Current trends in the field of manufacturing systems are mostly connected to the transfer of technical solutions specific to large manufacturing series toward small and medium manufacturing series. Our researches presented in this paper study thoroughly and expand the concept of modularization of multi-tool processing devices in order to obtain a high level of productivity and flexibility of the technological system, as well as a significant decrease of the adaptation costs. To this end, we elaborated and used computing methods, mathematical models, optimizing algorithms and original constructive solutions to develop new modular structures meant to optimize the construction and configuration of adjustable multi-spindle ends. We obtained the highest level of modularization for this type of equipment which integrates from the point of view of organs and is functional from the point of view of performance, highly efficient, in a flexible complex multi-tool system of simultaneous-successive and multi-directional processing.
Industrial Rollers in PUR Made for Slaughterhouses
Authors: Storm Birgit Kjærside , Schjøtt Liliana Aurelia
Published: August 2013

ndustrial rollers made in polyurethane, PUR, are made to be used in a conveyer system in slaughterhouses. The rollers are made by the company Dansk Gummiindustri A/S. During use the rollers or the materials give some problems with the durability. Break in the rollers come much earlier than expected. An intensively investigation of the rollers has therefore been made. The investigations have been on the mechanical and chemical properties of the rollers. During their lifetime the rollers are cleaned at least once per day with cleaning agents of different types.
The mechanical forces on the rollers have been analysed. It has been assumed that the weight of the meat pieces have been 7 kg each. The force on the roller under use has been calculated by using Finite Element method, FEM. The strength of the roller has been determined to be 26MPa, and the maximum load on the roller under use has been calculated to be 1,8MPa, which is far from the 26MPa. The fatigue strength is not known, but from knowledge of PUR there should not be any risk of fatigue.
The rollers can have different colours though they are made of the same type of material all of them. The colour differences of the rollers appear because the curing time is different for the rollers. Samples for testing if the curing parameters have any influence of the strength and the chemical resistance for the cleaning agents used in the slaughterhouses are made.
The mechanical properties are not changed considerable because of different curing parameters, but the PUR in the rollers become more homogenous after long time curing compared with short time curing. Infrared spectroscopy has been used for proving that.
Samples with different curing times have been influenced by cleaning agents, which are normally used at slaughterhouses. Five different agents are tested. Two of them are acidly agents and three of them alkaline agents. One of the acidly and two of the alkaline agents are further more oxidative agents.
It can be concluded that the cleaning agents influence the properties of the rollers. If the temperature is increased the influence increases. The rollers influence most of oxidative and acidly products.
The conclusion is that it can be recommended to cure the PUR to full cure. Furthermore it can be recommended only to clean them up with alkaline cleaning agents without oxidative agents added to the cleaning system.
Research on Improving the Assessment Process of Students' Knowledge in the Field of Materials Processing
Authors: Strnad Gabriela
Published: August 2013

The paper presents the research work carried out in order to determine the optimum assessment process in the case of an introductory engineering course, Technology of Materials. This course is taught to the students in the second year of Faculty of Engineering, specializations: Machine Building Technology and Industrial Engineering Economics. The relation between the assessment process and the students results for the last six academic years has been carefully analyzed. In the last three years the author had an innovative approach that involves the use of blogs and social media in the process of students learning. Also a significant change in the assessment process has been established. The students were encouraged to make a more active contribution in their technical training path, by preparing individual essays on topics related to advanced materials and technologies. Also their involvement in practical activities was encouraged and rewarded in the grading process. As a result the distribution of students final grades had a significant change, becoming now a Gaussian distribution.
Project-Based Learning in Higher Education
Authors: Peterlicean Andrea , Morar Florica
Published: August 2013

Students learning styles must be taken into account when devising curricula for teaching EFL and EAP at university. The differences in learning styles are frequently more subtle than the mere classification into visual or auditory learners. Therefore, we investigated how project-based learning contributes to better performance by students of engineering in their first and second year at university, as illustrated by the pass rate in English as a Foreign Language. Keywords: EST, project-based learning, student participation, new technologies, higher education
The Importance of Teaching GIS in Engineering
Authors: Morar Tudor , Costescu Ion , Muller Bassian Hissink
Published: August 2013

This paper offers researchers in transport engineering a method for reducing urban traffic congestion by planning for pedestrians. The method is designed for cities where GIS data is unavailable. Showing how this data can be obtained is one of the major contributions to the field. Other contributions are: using density data instead of infrared imagery to populate housing units with the number of inhabitants, performing network analysis instead of buffer analysis, eliminating homogeneity errors of the density dataset and offering a quantitative way of evaluating new investments in pedestrian infrastructure. The method is applied on a case study, namely the Romanian city of Timisoara. The conclusions present some applications of this technology and underline the importance of teaching it in engineering.
Machine Learning and Creative Methods Used to Classify Customers in a CRM Systems
Authors: Cioca Marius , Ghete Andrada Iulia , Cioca Lucian Ionel , Gîfu Daniela
Published: August 2013

Considering the fact that business processes are becoming more and more customer-oriented, marketing and connecting top management to the customers are extremely important, which should be given a special attention, taking into account the globalization and the increasing market competition. Due to the exponential growth of data volume, in any field, it was necessary to use and develop new methods and techniques for discovering hidden information in data, information almost impossible to be detected by traditional means, based on human analysis skills. This paper presents a pre-processing method for mining data in order to support decision makers in developing coherent and saleable strategies as regards the customers, based on their classification in different categories, specific to the area of concern, for the purpose of improving the CRM systems. In order to facilitate analysis and decision making by top management, the analyzed results are presented - in graphic format-using the facilities provided by Google API integrated in the application created with Open Source technologies.
Advanced Product Quality Planning Reference Model in Automotive Industry
Authors: Chiliban Bogdan , Chiliban Marius , Inţă Marinela
Published: August 2013

The papers objective is to present a detailed model of the Advanced Product Quality Planning methodology in the context of the automotive industry. The relations existent between the various inputs and outputs of each planning phase are clearly formulized revealing the intricate web of connections present among them thus facilitating understanding and comprehension of the vast task for both novice and experienced managers. The model can also contain a time and cost analysis of the various activities, concerning a family of products.
A Point of View on Functional Approaches Used in Product Design
Authors: Banciu Felicia Veronica , Drăghici George , Turc Cristian
Published: August 2013

This papers purpose is to highlight the positive aspects that can be drown from using a functional approach based on functional analysis and on TRIZ functional modeling in products design. Since the function notion linked to products design is present and very broadly discussed in many papers why not taken into consideration also the functional modeling from TRIZ where functions are seen as useful and harmful, combined with functional analysis for example. An enlarged view of such contradictions leads to solve problems and help to a better understanding of the product and its functions and why not in emerging new solutions. In this paper, an internal functional analysis approach followed by a useful/harmful point of view to inventoried functions is done for a mandrel. The harmful effects induced by technical functions can be used as starting points for improvements.
Cooling Capability of Cutting Fluids in Grinding
Authors: Yin Guo Xu , Marinescu Ioan D.
Published: August 2013

Grinding is a machining process used in the production of components with high precision tolerances and smooth finishes. It is an extremely complex process in which the main difference between grinding and other process is the relatively large contact area between the abrasive grits and the workpiece surface. The large contact area will cause difficulties supplying cutting fluids to the grinding arc, which leads to high energy input per volume of material removed. Since most of this energy dissipates as heat, a high temperature will occur. This will not only produce thermal damage and reduce the precision and quality of the workpiece surface, but also cause wear of the grinding wheel [. Therefore, the use of a process fluid in grinding is imperative in most cases.
Fluorescent DNA Probes Based on Quantum Dots and Core/Shell Quantum Dots
Authors: Song Meng Meng , Guo Wen Juan , Dai Zhao , Qiu Kai Li , Wei Jun Fu
Published: August 2013

Fluorescent DNA probes based on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) were presented in this paper when AuNPs were as the energy acceptors and CdTe quantum dots and CdTe/SiO2 core/shell nanoparticles were as the energy acceptors, respectively. The DNA probes were prepared when energy donors and acceptors were conjugated with two single-stranded complementary oligonucleotides and hybridized with each other and the fluorescent intensity of probes could be decreased. The quenching efficiency of DNA probe was about 67 % when CdTe QDs were as the energy donors, while that of DNA probe was about 75 % when CdTe/SiO2 fluorescent core/shell nanoparticles were as the energy acceptors, which indicated that CdTe/SiO2 core/shell nanoparticles were suitable donors compared with CdTe QDs in DNA probe field.
Characterization of ZnxCd1-xO Nanorods for PV Applications
Authors: Mushtaq Umer , Al-Bat’h Souad. A.M. , Othman Raihan
Published: August 2013

This paper describes the growth of ZnxCd1-xO nanorods (NRs) by a single step electrodeposition process. Thin films of polycrystalline nature with cadmium and zinc concentration changing from 10% - 90% were electrodeposited onto ITO conductive glass substrates. XRD analysis confirms a hexagonal wurtzite structure having grain size 57.2 nm. From the FESEM analysis, the synthesized ZnxCd1-xO nanorods have uniform hexagonal crystallographic planes, and their diameters are about 100 nm. Remarkably, the ultra-violet (UV) near-band-edge (NBE) emission was red-shifted from 2.75 eV to 3.02 eV due to the direct modulation of band gap caused by Zn/Cd substitution, revealed by UV visible spectroscopy. Finally, ZnCdO thin film deposited on ITO glass substrate is used as one electrode in photovoltaic cells to produce energy by absorbing the energy from the sun, this single junction cells have been put forward as a potential low-cost alternative to the widely used solar cells.
Sintered Properties of Y-TZP/ZrB2 Ceramics
Authors: Chew W.J. Kelvin , Singh Ramesh , Tan C.Y. , Amiriyan M. , Tolouei R. , Teng W.D.
Published: August 2013

The effect of ZrB2content ranging from 10 to 30 wt% on the mechanical properties and electrical resistivity of sintered Y-TZP/ZrB2composite was investigated. While ZrB2content showed marginal improvement in elastic modulus, the presence of up to 20 wt% ZrB2was beneficial in densification and hardness of the composite when sintered at lower sintering temperatures. Significantly higher fracture toughness of all composites compared to monolithic Y-TZP implied that other toughening mechanisms are at work. In spite of the poor mechanical properties, Y-TZP/30 wt% ZrB2showed the lowest electrical resistivity at room temperature.
Compressive Properties of High Strength Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete with Different Fiber Volume Fractions
Authors: Kim Hye Ran , Han Seung Ju , Yun Hyun Do
Published: August 2013

This paper describes the experimental results of 70 MPa high strength steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) with different steel fiber volume fractions in compression. The effect of steel fiber on fresh properties, compressive strength, toughness index, cracking procedure of high strength steel fiber concrete is also investigated. The steel fibers were added as the volume fractions of 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0%. The cylindrical specimens with Φ100 x 200 for compressive tests were manufactured in accordance with ASTM C 39[. The experimental results showed that the slump of fresh SFRC was inversely proportional to the fiber volume fraction added to high strength concrete. As the addition of steel fiber increased, compressive strength of SFRC decreased. Inclusion of steel fiber improves compressive toughness of high strength SFRC.
Damage Tolerance of Reinforced Concrete (RC) Beams with a Layer of PE Fiber Reinforced Strain-Hardening Cement Composite (PE-SHCC)
Authors: Yun Yeon Jun , Jang Seok Joon , Yun Hyun Do
Published: August 2013

This work evaluated the applicability of polyethylene (PE) fiber reinforced strain-hardening cement composite (PE-SHCC) layer at the bottom of reinforced concrete (RC) beams to improve the flexural performance and cracking behavior. PE-SHCC material with specific compressive strength of 70MPa was reinforced with 1.5% PE fibers at the volume fraction. Four RC beams with cross-section of 130 x 170mm and length of 1,460mm were made and tested under four-point monotonic loading. Three beams were layered with PE-SHCC material and one whole RC beam was a control specimen for comparison. Principal variable is the thickness of PE-SHCC layer; 20, 40 and 60mm that are equivalent to 11, 23 and 35% of beams depth. Experimental results indicated that the addition of PE-SHCC layer enhanced the crack-damage mitigation of RC beams and improve the structural behavior, such as strength and ductility, of RC beams.