bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Scholarships on Student Success: A Case Study of the University of Turbat, Pakistan
Authors: Riaz Ahmed, Adeel Ahmed, Waseem Barkat, Rehmat Ullah
Published: March 2024

This study uses data of a public sector university to investigate the impact of government financial aid on students’ success outcomes. The estimates of the differencein-differences (DID) model show that there is a positive and significant relationship between need-based scholarship (NBS) and students’ success outcomes while for meritbased scholarship (MBS), the relationship is insignificant. Empirical results reveal that the NBS seemingly increases the academic performance of male students by about 4 percent in subsequent semesters after the award. The t-tests further reveal that a male student when obtains a scholarship is less likely to depend on his parental income for university-related expenses and more likely to focus on his study by taking class notes seriously. This positive and significant difference between NBS holders and non-holders also exists for male students on every measure of success outcomes (e.g. students’ retention, engagement, acquisition of skills and competences, and career success). The NBS (i.e. HEC Ehsaas) is designed properly and contributes to reaching out to the targeted students in Balochistan or even in the country, therefore, the findings of this study suggest the government of Pakistan for its continuation while using a more self-sustained financial model just like the BEEF programme in Balochistan and the PEEF programme in Punjab.
Political Dynasties and Local Economic Development in Pakistan (Article)
Authors: Faiz Ur Rehman  , Noman Ahmad  , Muhammad Nasir
Published: March 2024

Political dynasties are entrenched in Pakistan’s political system. Dynastic legislatures constitute more than 50 percent of elected politicians in Pakistan. However, until recently, no scientific study was conducted to evaluate the economic performance of dynastic parliamentarians. This study explores the effect of political dynasties on local economic development at the constituency level across Pakistan. More specifically, the objective is to examine whether constituencies with dynastic persistence are significantly different from the rest in terms of economic activities and public good provisioning. To measure political dynasties, data on elected politicians who won 2002, 2008, & 2013 general elections are utilised to extract information about a politician’s family background. This information is then matched with the constituency level indicators of economic development and public goods. The findings show that dynastic legislature underperforms relative to non-dynast in terms of local economic development and public good provision. Constituencies with non-dynast winners have improved water and sanitation facilities, better infrastructure, and significantly higher access to public services such as electricity, gas, and telephone. The study recommends that limiting the role of parliamentarians in discretionary funds and development spending, and empowering the local government system would minimise the performance differences across constituencies.
A Techno-Economic Analysis of Widespread Microgrid/Minigrid Deployment in Pakistan’s Electrical Power Sector (Article)
Authors: Danial Saleem
Published: March 2024

In the recent past, the Government of Pakistan has undertaken certain appreciable initiatives in the electrical power sector, which is undergoing an extensive reform and restructuring process, particularly in the areas of decarbonisation and deregulation. Although Pakistan is blessed with abundant natural energy resources, a significant percentage of the population remains without electricity access since the expansion of the centralised grid is uneconomical due to certain reasons, including but not limited to limited financial resources and a scattered population. In this regard, micro/mini-grid (MG) deployment offers an excellent opportunity to address this problem, improve the life quality of the people of Pakistan, and help improve the economy. The study is predominately based on simulation and analysis-based research methods wherein the techno-economic analysis is performed keeping in view the technical and commercial aspects and also MG impacts on Pakistan’s power grid and prospective customers of MGs. According to this study’s findings, in comparison to fossil fuel-based MGs, renewable energy-dominated MGs offer a lucrative investment opportunity/financial viability and also contribute to reducing adverse effects on the environment. Even though MGs present a costeffective solution for the remote unelectrified areas of Pakistan, they may suffer from technical issues if not properly designed. Direct current MGs and the application of MGs for irrigation purposes present interesting cases with respect to reducing the overall cost of energy. Some of the important factors to be considered to evaluate the feasibility of MGs are the electricity demand pattern, supply reliability requirement, discount rate, and project lifetime, among other things. There is an urgent need for a comprehensive policy and regulatory framework since the existing one is insufficient to effectively upscale MGs deployment in Pakistan. While assessing electricity provision options for remote unelectrified areas of Pakistan, the electricity planners must consider and evaluate MGs before proposing huge investments in transmission and distribution infrastructure. One of the important considerations is to align the design of MGs with the affordability for the customers in each specific geographical area, to create a win-win situation for all the stakeholders.
PIDE’S Charter of Economy (Policy)
Authors: Nadeem Ul Haque, Saddam Hussein
Published: March 2024

Despite experiencing extreme economic and political instability, Pakistan has still been unable to break with the ramshackle of its unstable development enigma. Pakistan’s economic indicators over the last seventy-two years have fluctuated widely: the sixties, the eighties, and a significant part of the 2000s registered high growth episodes (over 6.0 per cent), with low growth observed in other periods. In the last twelve years (2008-20), growth averaged 3.25 per cent annually, crossing 5.0 per cent just twice (see Figure 1) Why so much volatility? Why does the economy rudderless and lacking direction?
From Imports to Exports—An Achievement of Mobile Phone Industry (Policy)
Authors: Uzma Zia
Published: March 2024

Pakistan has performed in local hand set manufacturing and has gradually become exporter of mobile phones. Being a new product for exports, no specific export targets were set before but the “domestic increase in production of handsets” and “initiating export successfully” is encouraging. The local mobile phone manufacturing industry is expected to promote Pakistan’s in-house handset manufacturing, exports, the digital economy through providing mobile services particularly in the form of mobile broadband and hence; enhancing digital connectivity, ecosystem & innovation.
Population Growth and GDP Growth in Pakistan: Three Models (Article)
Authors: Mac Kirby
Published: March 2024

Three dynamic population—GDP growth models, are developed, each based on a CobbDouglas production function. The first model simulates the effects of average wealth on population and GDP growth, whereas the second model simulates the effects of wealth inequality. The third model simulates the effects of a demographic dividend. The models successfully simulate the observed historical and projected future population and GDP of Pakistan. Scenario simulations with the first model with higher and lower population growth rates result in larger or smaller GDP, respectively, but smaller or larger GDP per capita at 2100. The inequality model simulations with reducing or increasing inequality result in a smaller or larger population, respectively, and smaller or larger GDP, but higher or lower GDP per capita at 2100. The demographic dividend model simulations result in larger GDP and higher GDP per capita than the other models.
Total Factor Productivity and Economic Growth in Pakistan: A Five-Decade Overview
Authors: Omer Siddique
Published: March 2024

This paper traces Pakistan’s TFP and GDP growth from 1972 to 2021. The analysis shows that Pakistan’s TFP and economic growth have declined over time. The sectoral—agriculture, industry, and services—trends are also not different. The TFP and GDP growth rates of the total economy and the three sectors were the highest in the 1980s. In general, whenever TFP growth has increased, Pakistan’s economic growth has also increased. The analysis further shows that whenever attempts were made to deregulate and liberalise the economy, it resulted in higher TFP growth and  consequently higher GDP growth. Similarly, macroeconomic and political stability also seems to be important factors in higher TFP and GDP growth. The comparison with other countries shows that Pakistan’s TFP growth performance has been reasonable, especially when compared with India. At the same time, however, the experience of other countries shows that to achieve GDP growth above 8 percent, Pakistan needs to enhance its productivity growth to 3 percent or above.
Necrotising sarcoid granulomatosis: A report case
Authors: H Benaziz  , S Bounhar  , M Ijim  , O Fikri  , L Amro
Published: March 2024

Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease characterised by the appearance of noncaseifying epithelioid granulomas in the affected organs, most commonly the lungs, skin, and eyes. Necrotizing sarcoid granulomatosis is challenging to diagnose due to its rarity and similarity with other necrotizing disorders. We describe a case of a 47-year male with fever, chest pain, and nodular pulmonary opacities on chest radiograph. Histological examination of the lung tissue confirmed NSG. Diagnostically, infectious causes, vasculitis, and malignancy were excluded. A corticosteroid treatment has been started with a tendency to regression. The key to diagnosis, emphasized in our paper, is the histopathological finding. The course of NSG is similar to sarcoidosis. The treatment of choice is Corticosteroids, but the disease exhibits a tendency towards spontaneous regression.
Pembentukan Kader Relawan Aisyiyah untuk Mengkampanyekan Gerakan Berantas Narkoba
Authors: Solikhah Solikhah , Ruliyandari Rochana
Published: March 2024

Tujuan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah untuk membekali ibu-ibu Aisyiyah di tingkat ranting di Yogyakarta tentang gerakan memberantas narkoba dan penyalagunaan obat-obat terlarang di masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan melalui beberapa tahapan yaitu, 1) koordinasi dengan mitra dalam menentukan perwakilan kader setiap ranting Aisyiyah di Yogyakarta, 2) melakukan penyuluhan dengan menggunakan zoom meeting tentang bahaya narkoba, dampak narkoba, upaya pencegahan, deteksi dini narkoba. Di tahap kedua ini juga diberikan penguatan kaderisasi tentang peran Aisyiyah dalam pencegahan narkoba serta konsep team working dalam pemberantasan narkoba. Tahap terakhir adalah melakukan pendampingan melalui whattapp group supaya kegiatan ini dapat berjalan secara kontinyu. Tingkat pengetahuan kader diukur dengan cara memberikan pre-post test, dan menunjukkan bahwa ada peningkatan tingkat pengetahuan kader tentang narkoba setelah diberi pelatihan. Terbentuknya kader Aisyiyah dalam gerakan berantas narkoba sangat diperlukan sebagai bentuk tanggung jawab moral kepada masyarakat serta dalam upaya penyelamatan generasi bangsa.
Pelatihan Daur Ulang Limbah Organik Dapur Menjadi Eco Enzyme Bagi Ibu Rumah Tangga
Authors: Lustiyati Elisabeth Deta , Untari Jati , Rosali Wiwin , Dewi Desita
Published: March 2024

Hasil capaian pembangunan Kabupaten Sleman terkait pengelolaan sampah sebagian besar 58,9% dilakukan dengan penanganan TPA. Pengelolaan sampah masih bergantung kepada kelompok yaitu TPS3R dan pengepul. Keluarga sebagai sumber awal sampah perlu melakukan usaha pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga secara mandiri. Salah satu metode pengolahan sampah organik yang mudah dilakukan di skala rumah tangga adalah pembuatan eco enzyme. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan ibu rumah tangga kelompok BKR Padukuhan Tanjungsari untuk pengolahan sisa organik rumah tangga menjadi eco-enzyme. Intervensi dalam kegiatan ini menggunakan metode penyuluhan, praktik, pre-test dan  post-test. Pelaksanaan kegiatan dilakukan pada Desember 2021 bertempat di Balai Bina Keluarga Remaja (BKR) Tanjungsari. Peserta kegiatan pelatihan ini adalah ibu rumah tangga kader BKR Tanjungsari sejumlah 17 orang. Hasil analisis data didapatkan bahwa rerata nilai tes peserta sesudah penyuluhan lebih tinggi daripada sebelum penyuluhan.  Berdasarkan analisis data menggunakan uji-t tidak berpasangan (paired t-test) terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan skor rerata antara sebelum  dan sesudah penyuluhan (p<0,05). Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi peserta menunjukkan bahwa seluruh kegiatan pada pengabdian ini telah dilaksanakan seluruhnya dengan baik.
PENGARUH INHALER STICK AROMATERAPI KOMBINASI PEPPERMINT DAN JAHE TERHADAP MUAL MUNTAH IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER I DI PUSKESMAS SUNGAI DURIAN KABUPATEN KUBU RAYA
Authors: Lepita Lepita Lepita
Published: March 2024

Latar Belakang: Ibu hamil pada awal kehamilan sering mengalami mual muntah, ketidaknyamanan dalam masa kehamilan berhubungan dengan peningkatan Hormon Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG). Salah satu penatalaksanaan mual muntah secara non farmakologi adalah dengan aromaterapi. Pada  penelitian  ini menggunakan inhaler stick  aromaterapi  kombinasi peppermint dan jahe. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian inhaler stick aromaterapi kombinasi peppermint dan jahe dengan komposisi yang berbeda terhadap mual muntah ibu hamil Trimester I. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian quasy eksperimen dengan desain two group pretest dan posttest, jumlah sampel sebanyak 46 orang menggunakan teknik non probability sampling dan menggunakan kuesioner PUQE. Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan skala mual muntah pada pemberian inhaler stick aromaterapi kombinasi peppermint 7 ml dan jahe 3 ml dengan pemberian inhaler stick aromaterapi kombinasi peppermint 3 ml dan jahe 7 ml terhadap ibu hamil trimester I, pada uji independent t-test diperoleh p-value 0,048. Kesimpulan: Inhaler stick aromaterapi kombinasi peppermint 7ml dan jahe 3ml lebih efektif terhadap penurunan mual muntah ibu hamil trimester I dibandingkan dengan kelompok inhaler stick aromaterapi kombinasi peppermint 3ml dan jahe 7ml.
Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja dan Konflik Kerja terhadap Turnover Intention Karyawan pada PT Tayoh Sarana Sukses
Authors: Tungga Buana Irfana  , Asna Oktavi Dismarani  , Tungga Buana Diana
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine how much influence the work environment and work conflict have on employee turnover intention at PT. Tayoh Sarana Sukses. The population in this study were employees of PT.Tayoh Sarana Sukses. Sampling method using Sampling in this study using purposive sampling technique (sample considerations), namely the sampling unit selected based on certain considerations with the aim of obtaining a sampling unit that has characteristics. With the slovin formula technique. The sample used in this study were 92 employees. This study uses quantitative  methods with  multiple  linear  regression  analysis,  hypothesis testing using t test and f test with a significance level of 5%. Based on the t-test the work environment has a significant effect on turnover intention and work conflict has a significant effect on turnover intention. And based on the f test, the work environment  and  work  conflict  together  have a  significant  effect  on turnover intention.
LOAD OF BUSHES OF SEEDLESS GRAPE VARIETIES BY SHOOTS AND BUNCHES: A REVIEW
Authors:   Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making», Krasnodar, Russia, Marmorshtein Anna Aleksandrovna , Petrov Valeriy Semionovich ,   Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making», Krasnodar, Russia, Mayborodin Sergey Vyacheslavovich ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Don State Agrarian University», Rostov Region, v. Persianovsky, Russia
Published: March 2024

The article considers the issue of loading bushes of seedless grape varieties with shoots and bunches in the world practice. The analysis is presented on the timing and length of pruning shoots, the load of bush by shoots, the load of bushes by bunches and methods for regulating the compactness of bunches of seedless grape varieties. The timing of pruning regulates the growth strength of shoots and the maturation time of early seedless grape varieties. Experiments on the timing of pruning often combined with subsequent treatment with growth regulators to increase yields. The length of the pruning of shoots affects the condition and death of the buds, the timing of the passage of phenological phases, productivity and quality of seedless varieties. Variety specificity and pruning dependence are noted: some varieties prefer short pruning (Perlett in India, White Seedless and Red Seedless in Iran), some – long (Beauty Seedless in India, Kishmish Batir in Uzbekistan, etc.). With an increase in the number of shoots per bush, yield capacity increase, however, the quality of grapes decreases, which also happens when the load of bunches increases. For the Jumba Seedless variety, despite the high performance with a low load of bushes with bunches, a higher one is recommended for an optimal ratio of productivity and quality. Thinning of bunches is also a common technique for regulating yield and quality, however, it is necessary to take into account the timing of thinning – too early removal of part of the inflorescences can lead to the formation of an excessively loose bunch, as in the BRS Vitoria variety in Brazil. Studies of the load of bushes of seedless grape varieties with shoots and bunches are relevant, especially in view of modern climate changes and increasing demand for high-quality products. Such studies are few in number in Russia, which requires closer study for the development of table seedless viticulture.
THE EFFECTIVENESS EVALUATION OF BROAD SPECTRUM INSECTICIDES IN THE PEAR PSYLLA CONTROL
Authors:   Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making», Krasnodar, Russia, Didenko Nadezhda Aleksandrovna , Podgornaya Marina Efimovna ,   Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making», Krasnodar, Russia
Published: March 2024

Pear psylla Psylla pyri L. it is one of the main pests of pears worldwide. Decisions on the timing of preventive treatments and the choice of plant protection products used are made on the basis of regular monitoring of the stages of phytophagan development and taking into account the specifics of the action of insecticides on a particular stage of pest development. The article analyzes the range of insecticides allowed on pear against pear psylla, which is represented by preparations from 8 chemical classes. To reduce the resistance of pear psylla to the used pesticides, it is necessary to expand the range of broad-spectrum insecticides against this phytophagan. In this study, insecticides with larvicidal action, such as Voliam Flexi, SC, Lirum, SC, Lufox, EC, were tested in laboratory conditions. The characteristics of the used pesticides are given and the mechanisms of their action are described.Samples of annual pear growth were selected in the Prikuban zone of the Zakuban horticulture subzone of the Krasnodar region, Ust-Labinsk district. As a result of the study, it was found that the following pesticides have the best biological efficacy against nymphs (first-third age) of pear psylla: Voliam Flexi, SC with a consumption rate of 0.5 l/ha and Lirum, SC 1.5 l/ha. On the seventh day, they showed a maximum biological efficacy of 100 %, which was at the level of the standard preparation Movento Energy, SC. In this experiment, Lufox, SC had low efficacy, due to the fact that the drug has a longer mechanism of action, it takes 10-12 days for a good effect. We recommend using the data obtained in the case of registration of tested preparations for the control of pear psylla.
THE MAIN RESULTS OF THE RESEARCH WORK OF THE DAGESTAN BREEDING EXPERIMENTAL STATION OF VITICULTURE AND VEGETABLE GROWING IN 2023
Authors:   Dagestan Breeding Experimental Station of Viticulture and Vegetable Growing – branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «North Caucasus Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Winemaking», Derbent, Republic of Dagestan, Russia, Kazakhmedov Ramidin Efendievich
Published: March 2024

The article presents the main results of the research work of scientists of the DBESVVG – branch of NCFSCHVW, carried out in accordance with the State Task for 2023 and the Research Plan for 2022-2026 on the basis of the PFSR of the state Academies of Sciences for 2021-2030. The research results reflect the main directions of the research station: genetic resources, breeding and variety studies of grapes, vegetable and subtropical fruit crops; development of a methodology for the creation and operation of intensive own-root plantations of grapes in the phylloxera infestation zone; obtaining environmentally safe products of grapes, vegetables and subtropical fruit crops. The main objectives of the research work are the creation of new genotypes of grapes, subtropical fruit and vegetable crops based on the mobilization of the potential of wild species, native and high-value introduced varieties with high productivity, product quality and resistance to abiotic and biotic stressors; improvement of the methodological base to accelerate the breeding process of grapes; identification of mechanisms for the realization of the genetic potential of indigenous and promising introduced grape varieties against the background of phylloxera infection, mechanisms for the formation of genetic and functional tolerance to the pest and scientific (biological) foundations for the creation of intensive own root plantations of grapes; identification of patterns of accumulation of dry matter and BAS in raw materials obtained from young broccoli plants and secondary products of grape and tomato processing depending on from varietal characteristics, stages of development, harvest period, processing methods; development of scientific and applied bases for obtaining environmentally safe raw materials for the production of functional food products and dietary supplements intended for the prevention of cardiovascular and oncological diseases. The research results expanded the base of genetic sources and methodological approaches for the creation of adaptive grape varieties in the changing climatic conditions of southern Russia, allowed to expand methodological approaches to the creation of root-related grape plantations and management of resistance to stressors, confirmed the fundamental possibility and effectiveness of hormonal management of the development of grape plants from the first year of life, as well as the quality of raw grapes, tomatoes and broccoli to create environmentally safe functional food products and dietary supplements, focused on the prevention of socially significant diseases.
Numerical Investigation of Energy Absorption Performance in Thin-Walled Structure Under Three-Point Bending Test
Authors: Halis Serdar , Altın Murat
Published: March 2024

The components used to absorb and dissipate the effects of the kinetic energy generated during impact are vital for improving the safety standard of vehicles. Among these, the bending behavior of thin-walled beams in particular plays a critical role in effectively managing the effects of the forces generated in a crash. Furthermore, the material selection of these beams helps to maximize the safety of the occupants inside the vehicle by increasing structural durability. Therefore, the correct positioning and engineering appropriate design of such components in vehicle design is a critical factor to minimize damage from accidents and ensure the safety of occupants. The effective use of these components increases overall vehicle safety by ensuring that vehicles pass crash tests successfully and meet industry standards. In this study, thin-walled beams with seven different geometric structures were designed using the finite element method. In addition, the energy absorption capacities of these designs for three different materials are investigated by considering two important parameters such as specific energy absorption (SEA) and crush force efficiency (CFE). The highest values of both CFE and SEA parameters for the best performing model were obtained with E-glass/PET199 composite material. The use of E-glass/PET199 composite material provided an improvement of 2.32% in the CFE value, while the SEA value remained at the same level (1.08 kJ/kg) as the AA6063-T1 material.
Rendimiento diagnóstico de la citología por aspiración con aguja fina en pacientes con nódulo tiroideo en la E.S.E. Hospital Universitario del Caribe
Authors: Herrera Francisco , Castañeda Sergio , Contreras Sandra , Fernández Alberto , Pérez Eduard
Published: March 2024

Introducción. La citología obtenida por aspiración con aguja fina (cACAF) es la mejor herramienta diagnóstica para decidir la conducta frente al nódulo tiroideo. La determinación del rendimiento diagnóstico para este procedimiento sustenta este hecho y ayuda a conocer el comportamiento de la enfermedad. Materiales y métodos. Se hizo una revisión retrospectiva de las historias clínicas de los pacientes con impresión diagnóstica de nódulo tiroideo, con citología obtenida por aspiración con aguja fina y manejados quirúrgicamente, en el período de 2007 a 2013. A partir de estos pacientes, se determinaron sensibilidad, especificidad, valor diagnóstico positivo, valor diagnóstico negativo, precisión y concordancia diagnóstica. Resultados. La población de estudio fue de 161 pacientes. Para la citología obtenida por aspiración con aguja fina, se calcularon los siguientes parámetros: sensibilidad, 54,5 %; especificidad, 98 %; falsos positivos, 1,8 %; falsos negativos, 4,5 %; valor diagnóstico positivo, 75 %; valor diagnóstico negativo, 98 %; precisión diagnóstica, 93 %; índice kappa, 0,598 excluyendo los microcarcinomas. Conclusión. La citología obtenida por aspiración con aguja fina es una prueba diagnóstica con gran especificidad para el diagnóstico citológico de las lesiones de la glándula tiroides. Sin embargo, la variabilidad anatómica de las lesiones y el hecho de ser una prueba que depende del operador, disminuyen su sensibilidad, por lo que el estudio histopatológico es el método de referencia en el diagnóstico definitivo de las lesiones de la glándula tiroides.
Beyond the descriptive-prescriptive cline: Encoding language ideology in in Hobson-Jobson, a Victorian dictionary of Indian English.
Authors:   University of Lisbon, Quieroz de Barros Rita
Published: March 2024

This paper considers the presence of language ideology in dictionaries through both prescriptive bias and descriptive procedures. To that purpose, it examines the example provided by Hobson-Jobson, a dictionary of Indian English first published in England in 1886, and it investigates how this work encodes imperialistic language ideology. Two major tenets of Victorian language ideology are considered in particular – standard British English superiority and the global status of English – and shown to be overtly or covertly reflected in both the paratexts (title, preface, introductory remarks) and lexicographic text (word list, definitions and translated illustrative quotations). Ideological stance is thus identified in both prescriptive and descriptive procedures, and Hobson-Jobson is thus shown to be a good example of how the ideological bias in dictionaries extends beyond the descriptive-prescriptive cline.
A Gothic dictionary .
Authors:   Universitatea din București, Dimitriu Anda
Published: March 2024

The present work takes into consideration the Historical Dictionary of Gothic Literature which was compiled by William Hughes in 2013. Since this is a historical dictionary of literature, the entries encapsulate both concepts and the names of significant figures or works, all alphabetically organized, but lack any descriptions of lexical category or morphological features, focusing instead on the vast context in which each item could and should be used within this specialized context. Following the premise that the Gothic should be considered a “language” rather than a literary genre, this article analyses, within the parameters of metalexicography, the features of the eclectic entries, as well as the importance of William Hughes’ choices for the field of the Gothic in general. Moreover, the second part of this work deals with Hughes’s explanations for controversial terms in the field of the Gothic, which should be read as prescriptive comments for the literature.
Complex aspects of hate speech and their problematic representation in dictionaries ..
Authors:   Universitatea din București, Vișan Ruxandra
Published: March 2024

The paper discusses an official response provided by the spokesperson of the Romanian Orthodox Church (ROC), addressing previous criticism by a popular Romanian journalist of several statements by Patriarch Daniel, the head of the ROC. Taking its cue from previous research by van Dijk (1995), the paper examines the lexical choices in the representation of an outgroup in the text, which include the abundant use of derived words based on a rich range of negative prefixes, most of which are salient to Romanian speakers. Emphasizing the role played by these evaluative prefixes to create “epithets” which target the group represented as holding views different from those of the Romanian Orthodox Church, the paper argues that the text, which does not include direct insults, and which relies on “sarcastic irony” (Dynel 2016), emerges as an instance of covert hate speech. The paper goes on to discuss the role of Romanian dictionaries in identifying instances of “overt” and “covert” hate speech.
Paula Rautionaho, Hanna Parviainen, Mark Kaunisto and Arja Nurmi (eds.).Social and Regional Variation in World Englishes. Local and Global Perspectives (Review)
Social and Regional Variation in World Englishes. Local and Global Perspectives
Authors:   Universitatea din București, Drăgan Ruxandra
Published: March 2024

review
Alcohol use in early midlife: Findings from the age 37 follow-up assessment of the FinnTwin12 cohort
Authors: Cooke Megan , Lumpe Erin Marie , Stephenson Mallory , Urjansson Mia , Aliev Fazil , Palviainen Teemu , Brislin Sarah J , Piirtola Maarit , Rabinowitz Jill , Latvala Antti , Barr Peter , Vuoksimaa Eero , Maes Hermine H M J L , Viken Richard , Rose Richard J. , Kaprio Jaakko , Dick Danielle , Aaltonen Sari , Salvatore Jessica E
Published: March 2024

This paper provides an overview of the most recent assessment, collected in early midlife, of the FinnTwin12 cohort, a population-based study of Finnish twins born in 1983-1987. The twins were invited to complete an online survey assessing a range of variables, including physical and mental health, alcohol use and problems, other substance use, and early midlife environments (e.g., parenthood). In total, 2,085 individuals (~40% of the original sample) completed the survey (551 complete twin pairs, 58.7% female, 37.3% monozygotic, age range = 34-39 years). Individuals who participated were more likely to be female, monozygotic, and have higher parental education and less hyperactivity/impulsivity and aggression at age 12 when compared to individuals who were invited but did not participate. Parental alcohol misuse and the twins’ alcohol use and misuse at age 14 were not related to study retention. Alcohol misuse in early midlife was positively associated with nicotine dependence, lifetime use of cannabis and other drugs, trauma exposure, and depressive symptoms, and negatively associated with physical health and having biological children. These new data expand upon the wealth of measures collected as part of previous assessments, expanding the scope of work on the etiology and correlates of alcohol misuse across within a longitudinal, genetically-informed framework. In addition to these new survey measures, we are planning an in-person assessment to collect physiological measurements and conduct additional in-depth phenotyping on a subset of twins who have been more intensively studied over the years.
Relational representation: speaking with and not about Nature
Authors: Cano Pecharroman Lidia , O'Donnell Erin
Published: March 2024

The transnational movement to recognise the rights of Nature continues to fuel experimentation by a growing number of jurisdictions in legal form, content, powers, and governance arrangements. In this paper, we focus on the mechanisms through which Nature is represented in various ways. There is enormous diversity in representational arrangements, but there is no clarity on precisely who should be representing Nature, or how Nature can be represented in human spaces, or even what the intent of this representation is (or should be). We describe a spectrum of representation that ranges from speaking about, to speaking for, to speaking with the natural entity. We develop a model of relational representation that shows the power of speaking with Nature to not only develop relations between the representatives and the natural entity, but also to enable a broader dialogue of knowledges with a wider pool of participants. By examining four case studies (the Mar Menor in Spain, the Rio Atrato in Colombia, the Birrarung/Yarra River in Australia and Te Awa Tupua/Whanganui River in Aotearoa New Zealand), we show how these diverse representational models are moving towards the relational end of the spectrum, and identify the challenges and opportunities of relational representation of Nature.
Automatic Coding of Contingency in Child-Caregiver Conversations
Authors: Agrawal Abhishek , Nikolaus Mitja , Favre Benoit , Fourtassi Abdellah
Published: March 2024

One of the most important communicative skills children have to learn is to engage in meaningful conversations with people around them. At the heart of this learning lies the mastery of contingency, i.e., the ability to contribute to an ongoing exchange in a relevant fashion (e.g., by staying on topic). Current research on this question relies on the manual annotation of a small sample of children, which limits our ability to draw general conclusions about development. Here, we propose to mitigate the limitations of manual labor by relying on automatic tools for contingency judgment in children's early natural interactions with caregivers. Drawing inspiration from the field of dialogue systems evaluation, we built and compared several automatic classifiers. We found that a Transformer-based pre-trained language model — when fine-tuned on a relatively small set of data we annotated manually (around 3,500 turns) — provided the best predictions. We used this model to automatically annotate, new and large-scale data, almost two orders of magnitude larger than our fine-tuning set. It was able to replicate existing results and generate new data-driven hypotheses. The broad impact of the work is to provide resources that can help the language development community study communicative development at scale, leading to more robust theories.
Understanding the Developmental Transition between Parallel and Social Play During Preschool: A Multiplex Social Network Analysis
Authors: Neal Jennifer Watling , Neal Zachary P. , Brutzman Brian , Durbin C. Emily
Published: March 2024

Preschoolers are expected to transition from parallel play, where they engage in similar activities next to peers, to social play, where they engage in direct interactions with peers. We use longitudinal, multiplex social network analysis to examine the transition between observed parallel and social play over a school year in a three-year-old classroom (N = 25, 45% girls, 48% White) and a four-year-old classroom (N = 28, 42.86% girls, 60.71% White). In both classrooms, the existence of a parallel play relationship between two children predicted the formation of a social play relationship between the same two children over time but not vice versa. Findings provide support for a unidirectional, sequential transition from parallel to social play with the same peers.
Evolution of Peer Review in Scientific Communication
Authors: Kochetkov Dmitry
Published: March 2024

It is traditionally believed that peer review is the backbone of an academic journal and scientific communication, ensuring high quality and trust in the published materials. However, peer review only became an institutionalized practice in the second half of the 20th century, although the first scientific journals appeared three centuries earlier. By the beginning of the 21st century, there emerged an opinion that the traditional model of peer review is in deep crisis. This study aims to synthesize the key characteristics, practices, and outcomes of traditional and innovative peer review models in scholarly publishing. The article discusses the evolution of the institution of scientific peer review and the formation of the current crisis. We analyze the modern landscape of innovations in peer review and scientific communication. Based on this analysis, three main peer review models in relation to editorial workflow are identified: pre-publication peer review (traditional model), registered reports, and post-publication (peer) review (including preprints (peer) review). We argue that the third model offers the best way to implement the main functions of scientific communication.
A Theory of Economic Coercion and Fragmentation
Authors: Clayton Christopher , Maggiori Matteo , Schreger Jesse
Published: March 2024

Hegemonic powers, like the United States and China, exert influence on other countriesby threatening the suspension or alteration of financial and trade relationships.Mechanisms that generate gains from integration, such as external economies of scaleand specialization, also increase the hegemon’s power because in equilibrium they makeother relationships poor substitutes for those with a global hegemon. Other countriescan implement economic security policies to shape their economies in order to insulatethemselves from undue foreign pressure. Countries considering these policies face atradeoff between gains from trade and economic security. While an individual countrycan make itself better off, uncoordinated attempts by multiple countries to limittheir dependency on the hegemon via economic security policies lead to inefficient fragmentationof the global financial and trade system. We study financial services as aleading application both as tools of coercion and an industry with strong strategic complementarities.We estimate that U.S. geoeconomic power relies on financial services,while Chinese power relies on manufacturing. Since power is nonlinear and increasesdisproportionally as the hegemon approaches controlling the entire supply of a sectoralinput, we estimate that much economic security could be achieved with little overallfragmentation by diversifying the input sources of key sectors currently controlled bythe hegemons.
बुद्धका क्रान्तिकारी विचारहरू
Authors: Rana Raj Bahadur
Published: March 2024

क्रान्ति शब्द ल्याटिन रेभोल्युशियोबाट व्युत्पन्न अंग्रेजी रेभोल्युशनको समानान्तर मानिने ‘अवस्थापलट’ अर्थसँग दाँजेर हेर्दा भगवान बुद्धको कैयौँ वचन र धर्म देशनाहरूमा समाजमा भएका विकृति तथा विसंगति विरुद्धको आवाज र सन्देश प्रवाह भएको पाइन्छ । बुद्धको जीवन संघर्षलाई हेर्दा पनि तत्कालिन समाज सुधारको निमित्त क्रान्तिको सुरुवात स्वयम् बाटै गरेको देखिन्छ । समाजमा महिलाप्रतिको हीन दृष्टिकोण, उच्च नीच, विभेद, अन्धविश्वास र अनैतिकताप्रति कडा संघर्ष गरेको पाइन्छ । उनले गाउँ, सहर, निगम र देश देशान्तरमा अशिक्षाबाट जगाउने काम गरे । अज्ञानताबाट ज्ञानतर्फ, अनैतिकताबाट नैतिकतातर्फ, अन्धो परम्पराबाट प्राकृतिक यथार्थतर्फ, दुःखबाट सुखतर्फ, विभेदबाट समानतातर्फ जगाउनु उनको जीवन संघर्ष नै रह्यो । आफ्नै जीवनकालमा कठोर प्रयास र अभ्यासबाट दुःख अन्त्यको सत्य ज्ञान बोध गरी बुद्धत्व प्राप्त गर्नु आफैँभित्रको ठूलो क्रान्ति मान्न सकिन्छ । जब उनी बुद्ध बने तब उनले साँच्चै सम्पूर्ण क्लेश रूपी दुःखमाथि विजय प्राप्त गरे । त्यही चारआर्यसत्यको ज्ञानमार्फत् समाजलाई जगाउने अभियान रूपी क्रान्तिको सुरुवात गरे । उक्त बुद्धको अभियान रूपी क्रान्तिमा समाज परिवर्तनका थुप्रै आयामहरू देख्न सकिन्छ । ती आयामहरूलाई समाज परिवर्तनको संवाहक मान्न सकिन्छ । सिङ्गो बुद्धको अभियान रूपी क्रान्ति शील विनयको जगमा आधारित छ । मानिसको चित्त शुद्ध नभएसम्म व्यक्तिमा साँचो परिवर्तन आउन सक्दैन । किनकी चित्तको क्लेशलाई दमन गर्नाले मानवमा भएको पशुत्व हट्न गइ असल चरित्रवान मानव बन्दछ । जसले कहिल्यै असामाजिक काम गर्दैन । यो शील विनय बिना कदाचित सम्भव छैन । शील विनय, ज्ञान, अभ्यास, आचरण आदिको माध्यमबाट समाजलाई सुधार गर्ने काम भएकोले उनको यो अभियान सामाजिक क्रान्तिको रूपमा अत्यन्तै महत्वपूर्ण छ ।
Perancangan Desain Produk Furniture Sederhana dengan Konsep Mix Material sebagai Inovasi Baru dalam Meningkatkan Produksi Mitra UMKM (Studi Kasus CV. Restu Ibu, Sidayu, Gresik)
Authors: Anam Choirul , Khadafi Shah , Oktafiana Brina , Aditya Wahyu Yoga
Published: March 2024

Gresik merupakan salah satu Kabupaten di Provinsi Jawa Timur yang terkenal dengan sebutan Kota Industri karena Kabupaten Gresik menjadi kawasan industri-industri besar dan juga usaha kecil. CV. Restu Ibu merupakan salah satu usaha kecil menengah yang memproduksi furnitur selama 20 tahun. Seiring perkembangan jaman diperlukan pengembangan desain dengan cara melakukan kombinasi material utama dengan bahan pendukung yaitu kayu dengan resin. Karena gabungan kayu dan resin merupakan material yang sedang tren untuk produk furnitur. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini yaitu dibagi menjadi 2 tahap, tahap studi lapangan dan pustaka dilanjutkan dengan identifikasi masalah. Setelah tahapan pertama selesai dilaksanakan, dilakukan tahap desain dan produksi. Berikut alur pelaksanaan kegiatan PKM. Berdasarkan analisis data, produk yang akan dipilih adalah nakas 2 pintu dengan sistem rel. Dapat disimpulkan, desain nakas adalah inovasi baru dan material yang digunakan merupakan kombinasi yang tepat, sehingga dapat meningkatkan penjualan dan produksi untuk mitra
Pelatihan Kontrol Diri Kepada Kader Remaja Sebagai Upaya Preventif Perilaku Seksual Berisiko
Authors: Afifi Farah Dzikrina , Alfian Ilham Nur
Published: March 2024

Faktor-faktor yang mendorong remaja ke dalam perilaku seksual berisiko muncul dari berbagai domain perkembangan remaja. Kurangnya kemampuan kontrol diri terhadap perasaan seksual merupakan salah satu penyebabnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelatihan “MIKAN: Pahami dan Sebarkan” dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kemampuan menyampaikan kontrol perilaku, kontrol pikiran, dan kontrol keputusan pada kader remaja. Metode penelitian menggunakan pra-eksperimen, yakni one-group-pretest-posttest design degan metode purposive sampling, yaitu 6 anggota Sanggar X yang berusia 12-16 tahun. Peneliti menyusun sendiri alat ukur pengetahuan perilaku seksual berisiko dan kontrol diri. Pelatihan ini terdiri dari 4 sesi yang dilaksanakan dalam satu hari. Analisa data menggunakan paired sample t-test. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan “MIKAN: Pahami dan Sebarkan” efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kemampuan menyampaikan kontrol perilaku, kontrol pikiran, dan kontrol keputusan pada kader remaja.
Pemanfaatan Ruang Baca Dalam Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Anak-Anak Usia 6-12 Tahun Di Desa Liya One Melangka Wakatobi
Authors: Nurhalizah Dina , Novandy Hartanto , Anggun Mustika , Nur Putri Mawaddah , Zawulan Zawulan , Kartini Kartini
Published: March 2024

Membaca memiliki berbagai manfaat yang sangat penting untuk perkembangan personal, intelektual, dan emosional seseorang. Membaca tidak hanya memberikan manfaat saat ini, tetapi juga membentuk individu untuk pertumbuhan jangka panjang. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk  meningkatkan pengetahuan mereka dalam pelajaran Bahasa Inggris, Matematika, belajar Mengaji, dan mewarnai. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini adalah penyampaian materi, dengan tahapan tahapan: Observasi, Pembentukan team, persiapan, pengabdian dan evualuasi.  Hasil dari pengabdian ini menunjukan bahwa kegiatan kursus (Ruang Baca) (ruang baca)  memiliki dampak positif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan anak-anak dalam pelajaran Bahasa Inggris, Matematika, dan Mengaji di desa Liya Onemelangka. Hal ini bisa dilihat dari hasil pembelajaran kursus (Ruang Baca) seperti meningkatnya kosa kata bahasa inggris anak-anak, kemampuan menghitung anak-anak, pelafalan huruf hijaiyah anak-anak, dan meningkatkan kreatifitas anak-anak dalam mewarnai.Kata kunci: Kursus (Ruang Baca), anak-anak Desa Liya Onemelangka.
Aspects of Contemporary Opera Studies
Authors: Cherkashina-Gubarenko Maryna
Published: March 2024

The article explores the paradoxes of using literary sources in opera: literary works, myths and fairy tales, legends and traditions. Among these stories, the author focuses on the theme of the femme fatale, associated with the motif of seduction and the final catastrophe that ends her life story. The theme of the femme fatale is considered in the context of gender issues, the relationship between the male and female worlds. The research is based on the principles of historical poetics. The author analyses the origins of plot motifs, their development in time, the combination of motifs in connection with the system of characters, external and internal motives of their behavior, and, in general, the artistic structure of the work. The analysis of the plots in terms of the existence of common motifs in them and their place in the integral plot structure is based on the operas by composers of different ages. The article first examines the works of Jean-Baptiste Lully, Georg Friedrich Händel, Antonín Dvořák, Georges Bizet, Richard Wagner, and Alban Berg in terms of the common motifs and their place in the integral plot structure. This makes it possible to reveal non-linear connections between opera works belonging to different historical epochs, different genres, and national traditions.
ANALISIS RISIKO KECELAKAAN KERJA PADA BAGIAN PRODUKSI CV. JAYA ABADI MENGGUNAKAN METODE JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS (JSA)
Authors: Rizki Moh , Jufriyanto Moh , Hidayat Hidayat
Published: March 2024

Faktor penunjang keberhasiIan suatu industri ditentukan dari keIancaran pada saat proses produksi. CV. Jaya Abadi adaIah perusahaan bergerak di bidang manufaktur kayu potong. ApabiIa proses produksi berjaIan Iancar, maka penggunaan mesin dan peraIatan produksi yang efektif akan menghasiIkan suatu produk yang berkuaIitas dan rendahnya produktivitas produksi akan mengakibatkan kerugian bagi perusahaan yang disebabkan oIeh penggunaan mesin/peraIatan yang tidak efektif dan efisien. DaIam kegiatan operasionaInya pekerja pada perusahaan ini banyak berhubungan Iangsung dengan mesin-mesin dan peraIatan serta Iingkungan kerja yang memiIiki risiko keceIakaan sangat tinggi. KeceIakaan kerja yang sering terjadi ada pada mesin bandsaw, pony dan crosscut. DaIam peneIitian ini, penuIis menggunakan metode Job Safety AnaIysis (JSA) yang kemudian didapatkan hasiI yaitu dari risiko potensi bahaya yang memiIiki kategori paIing tinggi, dapat diketahui penyebab dari timbuInya risiko bahaya yang terjadi.Kata Kunci:  Manufaktur, Kayu Potong, Job Safety Anaiysis (JSA), Potensi Bahaya.