bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sugarcane Mapping and Harvest Monitoring using ML and Google Earth Engine
Authors: Awan Ala Ud Din , Mustafa Muhammad Hasan , Tahir Ali , Mazhar Yusra , Chertovitskiy Aleksandr , Narbaev Sharafatdin
Published: November 2024

The increasing global population intensifies the pressure on food production, necessitating optimized agricultural practices. This study explores the potential of remote sensing and machine learning to enhance sugarcane identification, mapping, and harvest monitoring in Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan. Employing a two-step approach, we leverage Sentinel-2 satellite imagery and NDVI analysis for sample selection followed by a comprehensive field survey using Kobo Toolbox. Of 467 collected samples, 80% served for model training, identifying a total sugarcane area of ~21,875 hectare. We implemented RF, SVM, CART, KNN, and K- Means classification models, with SVM achieving the highest overall accuracy of 90%. Furthermore, we propose a novel sugarcane harvest monitoring approach using an NDVI threshold of 0.35 and analyzing the decrease in NDVI value of sugarcane areas to delineate harvested areas, offering real-time insights into cropping patterns. This research aligns with two key objectives: (1) Enhancing precision in sugarcane identification and mapping, and (2) Automating and improving growth and harvest tracking. The findings demonstrate the potential of this methodology for sustainable crop monitoring, contributing to informed decision-making in agriculture and potentially mitigating the global food demand-production gap.
Development stages of the geodetic network in Tashkent city
Authors: Ruziev Azizjon , Yusupjonov Otabek , Földváry Lóránt , Okhunov Ziyo , Rakhimov Sherzod , Rakhmonov Sherzod , Yakubov Gayrat
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the stage of development of the geodetic network in Tashkent city, conduct satellite observations, and preprocess measurements to establish a urban frame network. The stages of development of the geodetic network in Tashkent were analyzed and evaluated. A preliminary reconnaissance was conducted at the work site to verify the suitability of selected points for satellite observations. Suitable days for field measurements were scheduled using software. Observations were carried out at 9 points of the designed frame network using 6 Chcnav i90 GNSS receivers in 2 sessions employing the Static method. The sessions were linked by 3 points, and each session lasted four hours. Measurement data from the Chcnav i90 GNSS receivers were obtained in ‘RINEX’ format for processing. Joint measurements from the two sessions were processed using Trimble Business Center software version 5.52. Initial adjustments were made to the measurements of the lengths between points, and their accuracy was verified. The maximum root mean square error of side measurements was found to be less than the specified value for the frame network. A figure closure program was utilized to accurately determine baseline length errors.
Monitoring land use and land cover (LULC) in the Khorezm oasis using the Esri Sentinel-2 Land Cover Explorer database
Authors: Boymurodov Rifat , Matchanov Muzaffar , Tajiyev Qudrat , Amandurdiyev Dilshodbek , Mansourian Ali , Ashurov Abdullo
Published: November 2024

In the following study, using highly-developed remote sensing methodologies, a historical over-ten-year study of the LULC phenomenon of the Khorezm Oasis was conducted. The analysis provides valuable insights about agricultural change, water management policies and the alteration of LULC in the region, including several processes, changes in plants and irrigation levels, population density and growth of urban structures. Consequently, the work establishes an interrelation between climate variability and therefore, this assessment comes with useful policy information for any policy maker or relevant stakeholders who wish to implement good land management policies and policies that reduce any negative effects on the environment within the Khorezm Oasis. Based on the below results, it was indicated that there is a divergence in change in agricultural land, water areas, natural vegetation, and urban form based on 2018 to 2022, informing of the decrease in water areas, tree coverage, and cane regions, as well as the increase in built-up areas and bare ground. These transformations are explored with respect to socio-economic characteristics, climate fluctuations, and policy management, providing useful guides for professional communities and policymakers to design more favourable conditions for sustainable management of land and agriculture.
Improvement of the existing technology of cadastral assessment of irrigated crop land in case of Uzbekistan
Authors: Babajanov A. , Roziboev S. , Inamov B.
Published: November 2024

The article examines and analyses the existing methods of cadastral assessment of irrigated agricultural lands, especially the existing methods for comparative assessment of the quality of irrigated lands, specific proposals and recommendations for further improvement of this methodology on the basis of adaptation to today’s limited water distribution conditions; specific proposals and recommendations for further improvement of this methodology on the basis of adaptation to today’s limited water distribution conditions; specific proposals for the simplification and simplification of the methodology for determining the normative value of land, which is carried out annually in the country, using the data of soil assessment, have been developed and are comprehensively substantiated.
Study of modern solutions for improving land preparation works on agricultural land in Uzbekistan
Authors: Avezbaev Sadulla , Soatov Oybek , Sharipov Sayfiddin
Published: November 2024

The article critically evaluates the impact of recent reforms on agricultural lands and proposes contemporary solutions to enhance their efficient utilization. By analyzing the outcomes of these reforms, it identifies the practical challenges faced in land organization and management. The study underscores key issues, such as land fragmentation, soil degradation, and inefficient water usage, which impede optimal productivity. Through a comprehensive examination of current practices and innovative approaches, the article puts forth strategies for addressing these problems. These strategies encompass adopting advanced agricultural technologies, improved land management techniques, and sustainable farming practices. The proposed solutions aim to bolster land productivity, promote environmental sustainability, and ensure the long-term viability of agriculture. The article emphasizes the need for a coordinated effort among policymakers, farmers, and stakeholders to implement these solutions effectively. By fostering collaboration and knowledge exchange, the agricultural sector can surmount existing challenges and achieve a more sustainable and productive future. This research offers valuable insights into the ongoing discourse on agricultural land reforms and provides practical recommendations for their successful implementation.
Forecasting urban territorial expansion using GIS and artificial intelligence technologies
Authors: Muhamediyeva Dildora , Ismailov Ilxom , Bobokulov Shokhnazar
Published: November 2024

This study presents an innovative approach using modern GIS and artificial intelligence technologies to predict the future territorial expansion of Samarkand city. Using Landsat satellite imagery, land use and land cover (LULC) images were created using ArcGIS software. These images were input into a ConvLSTM model, allowing for the prediction of urban expansion trends. Additionally, a U-Net model was applied to accurately identify and monitor urban boundaries. The research results showed uneven expansion of Samarkand city, which is crucial in the decision-making process for urban planning and management. The obtained data can serve as a valuable resource in developing urban policies, infrastructure development, and addressing environmental issues related to urban expansion. This methodology can be applied not only to Samarkand but also to other rapidly growing cities, contributing to sustainable urban development.
Comparative Analysis of Sentinel-2 MSI and Landsat-8 OLI for Enhanced Land Monitoring
Authors: Ruzikulova Oykhumor , Sharipov Zayniddin , Samatova Gulbonu , Safarov Eshkobil , Ergasheva Yulduz , Tajekeev Ziynatdin , Jumayeva Shoira , Abdurakhmanova Muqaddas
Published: November 2024

The usage of satellite imagery has been extremely beneficial to many industries, such as environmental monitoring, medical mapping, urban planning, and agriculture. Among the several satellite pictures that are emerging as significant sources of multispectral data that provide crucial insights into the dynamics of the Earth’s surface are Sentinel-2 MSI and Landsat-8 OLI. Understanding the differences between these two satellite systems is essential to maximizing their use in various applications. This study examines the advantages and disadvantages of Sentinel-2 and Landsat- 8 OLI satellite data. The results enabled the use of the pertinent satellite images to create various themed memories, such as the connection between human health and the environment while creating medical-related geographic maps.
The role of remote sensing data in providing land monitoring information
Authors: Batykova Ainura , Tuleev Beksultan , Tuleev Tamchybek , Ruziboev Sobir , Gofirov Azim , Ismaylov Kuatbay , Valiyeva Albina
Published: November 2024

Over the past three decades, remote sensing technologies have become increasingly valuable for monitoring sustainable land management practices. Remote sensing allows for easy and versatile monitoring through various types of imagery, enabling land planners and managers to make well- informed decisions. This article explores key aspects of using Earth Remote Sensing (ERS) tools, particularly for tracking changes in forested areas. By leveraging satellite-derived time-series imagery, it is possible to monitor large regions continuously, assess forest conditions, and evaluate the impact of various natural and human-induced factors over time. This study presents an analysis of forest changes over a specific period, providing insights into the dynamics and health of these ecosystems.
Ecological irrigated land mapping: A review of papers from the Scopus database published in English for the period of last 20 years
Authors: Oymatov Rustam , Mamatov Dilshod , Aminova Guljahon , Khudoyberdiev Feruz
Published: November 2024

In scientific research, review articles or literature reviews are essential. Despite the abundance of resources on literature reviews, most of them only address the theoretical underpinnings of the protocols, nomenclatures, and review processes. Due to overlapping similarities, this may result in reporting that is not economical and may also generate confusion. We adopt a practical approach to describe and clarify the academic practice of conducting literature reviews in order to solve these limitations. The types, goals, factors, techniques, and contributions of literature reviews as stand-alone investigations are the main topics of our attention. Therefore, without becoming bogged down in the nuances of review protocols, procedures, and nomenclatures, our essay offers an overview that academics can rely on to navigate the important components of literature reviews as stand-alone and independent studies.
GIS mapping and visualizing historical data of the Bagi Buldi, Bagi Dilkusho, Bagi Davlet Abad gardens of Amir Temur
Authors: Sadikova Sitora
Published: November 2024

The paper is devoted to the geoinformation analysis, processing and visualization of historical data on the gardens of Amir Timur - "Bagi Dilkusho" (translation "Garden that Captivates the Heart"), the garden "Bagi Buldi" ("Garden of Consciousness") and the garden "Bagi Davlet Abad" ("Garden - the Abode of Power"). These were luxurious country gardens with palaces, built in favourable natural and geographical locations of Samarkand along the military and strategic routes of Amir Timur’s campaigns specially for the purpose of his recreation and restoration Using GIS tools, the location of 15 Temurid gardens of the 14th-16th centuries were found. At their historical site, measurements were taken with a Leica TS-02 Plus tacheometer. Thus, the use of GIS tools, the creation of an interactive map of the Timurid gardens of Samarkand, and the compilation of tacheometric and topographic surveys opened up a wide range of data for a more accurate reproduction of the design of these Timurid gardens. As a result, three-dimensional visualizations of the Bagi Dilkusho, Bagi Buldi, and Bagi Davlet-Abad gardens were performed in 3 DS Max programs, and three 3D films were created in the Lumion program.
Research of the temporal distribution of the atmospheric aridity index and its spectrum of fluctuations on the territory of Uzbekistan
Authors: Eshmuratova Gulchekhra , Eshmuratov Davron
Published: November 2024

The issue of spatio-temporal distribution of the atmospheric aridity index SPI on the territory of Uzbekistan by month of the year is considered based on precipitation data from 1966 to 2015 at meteorological stations of the regional centers of the Republic. The adequacy of the SPI index in diagnosing dry (wet) years and its informativeness in analyzing precipitation regimes is shown. Oscillation spectra (periodograms) of the SPI index were obtained for 13 weather stations in Uzbekistan. The main periods of oscillations of 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5 and 10-12 years were identified, caused by fluctuations in the climate system on a global scale, caused by external factors. Features of the spectrum on a local scale are manifested in the structure of the periodogram, its sparseness/accuracy (number of peaks), which can be used as an objective criterion when performing climatic zoning of the study area.
Study of methodology for the determination of environmental protection costs and their impact on the effectiveness of land management in case Uzbekistan
Authors: Avezbaev Sadulla , Sharipov Sayfiddin , Soatov Oybek , Ismailov Timur
Published: November 2024

The importance of include environmental costs in the evaluation of land management projects—particularly with regard to agricultural activities in irrigated areas—is covered in this article. It looks at several approaches to determining and measuring environmental costs and evaluating the environmental effects of land management, both good and bad. According to the report, environmental costs must be taken into account when evaluating the financial viability of such initiatives. It also describes the kinds of environmental resources and expenses that have to be taken into account when developing a project, providing a thorough framework for managing land in agricultural contexts in a way that is both sustainable and profitable.
Sustainable development of Turkmenistan in the context of climate change
Authors: Myradov Yolly , Ataeva Aina , Abdurahmanov Ilhom
Published: November 2024

The geographical location of Turkmenistan makes it particularly vulnerable to climate change. Global warming threatens to impact key aspects of the country’s socio-economic development, especially in sectors such as water management, agriculture, and healthcare. Consequently, adapting to climate change has become a primary focus of the National Strategy of Turkmenistan on climate change. This paper highlights the critical role of ongoing adaptation measures—such as urban greening and improved water management systems—to compensate for potential irrigation water shortages caused by climate change. It also emphasizes the importance of developing strategies to enhance the use of return waters, which will contribute to reducing water resource scarcity, improving environmental conditions, creating new jobs, and strengthening the standard of living for the population.
The role of weather derivatives in agricultural risk management of Uzbekistan
Authors: Rasulov Abdujabar , Abdulakimova Mokhina , Kurbonov Shaydobek , Rakhmatov Maxmadrasul
Published: November 2024

Uzbekistan’s agricultural sector faces significant challenges from climate change, with unpredictable weather patterns impacting crop yields and jeopardizing food security. This study focuses on the potential of weather derivatives to mitigate agricultural risks in Uzbekistan, particularly in the context of wheat production, a crucial sector for the nation’s economy and food security. The study explores the feasibility of implementing weather derivatives in Uzbekistan, considering the current financial infrastructure and regulatory environment. It highlights the potential benefits of weather derivatives, including improved risk management, increased access to financing, and greater resilience to climate change. By examining the factors that influence the success of weather derivatives in other regions, the study outlines a framework for effective implementation in Uzbekistan, advocating for collaborative efforts between the government, financial institutions, and agricultural producers. The research ultimately emphasizes the importance of weather derivatives as a tool for enhancing agricultural resilience and fostering sustainable development in Uzbekistan.
Industrial development and assessment of its impact in Samarkand region - a GIS mapping-based study
Authors: Ibragimov Lutfullo , Sherxolov Olimjon , Musayev Bekzod , Boboyev Shodiyor , Sobirova Muazzam , Boratova Gulmira
Published: November 2024

In this article, the trends in the development of industrial sectors in the Samarkand region, the role of industry in the development of the regional economy, the structure of the industrial sector and its determining factors, the importance of industries and their development and ensuring employment of the population are highlighted on the basis of GIS maps. Also, the state of using the production potential in the region and the possibilities of using it in the development of its own industry were studied. At the moment, in the implementation of economic reforms in the region, the main task is to ensure macroeconomic stability, increase the size of the gross domestic product, effectively use its factors, and improve the structural structure of the economy.
Specific features of the agricultural sector and its use
Authors: Jabborova Zukhra , Hudayberganov Dilshod , Kalimullina Nargiza , Mukumov Abdugani
Published: November 2024

In this article, the importance of agriculture as the most priority sector in the structure of economic sectors, its existing opportunities, main issues, the most important features of this sector and the objective necessity of its effective use are highlighted. At the same time, based on the existing and advanced experience, some opinions, theoretical approach and practical suggestions specific to the effective use of this field in the conditions of Uzbekistan are highlighted.
Enhancing Sustainable Agriculture through Crop Diversification in Uzbekistan
Authors: Musaev Ilhomjon , Khakimova Kamola , Nuretdinova Mashkhurakhon , Jalolova Malikakhon
Published: November 2024

This review explores the critical role of crop diversification in enhancing sustainable agricultural development in Uzbekistan, a nation traditionally dominated by cotton and wheat monoculture. It delves into various strategies for diversification, such as policy reforms, conservation agriculture, water management innovations, and capacity building, and evaluates their environmental, economic, and social impacts. Despite the benefits of diversification, challenges including policy constraints, technical gaps, water scarcity, and climate change impacts persist. Recommendations emphasize the need for comprehensive policy support, research investment, and socio-economic mechanisms to address these hurdles. The manuscript highlights that effective diversification can significantly contribute to Uzbekistan’s transition towards a more resilient, productive, and sustainable agricultural landscape, underscoring the importance of a collaborative approach among stakeholders to realize this goal.
Field research to ensure the safety of the earth dam
Authors: Paluanov Daniyar , Mamatkulov Dilmurat , Gadaev Sodik , Saidov Farid
Published: November 2024

One of the ways to ensure the safe condition of earth dams during operation is to conduct field investigations on the structure. One of the factors leading to water spillage over the dam crest is the determination of settlement in the body of the earth dam. The assessment of excessive settlements in reservoir earth dams is based on observation data and project documentation. In practice, the settlement of earth dams during the operational period should not exceed the values specified in the project. Settlement measurements for the embankment body are carried out based on requirements specified in regulatory documents. The Langar Reservoir is located in the Langar River bed in the Kashkadarya region. The facility was built in 1971-1973. It was put into permanent operation in December 1973 with a design capacity of 4.0 million m3 as a mudflow storage facility. Repeat geodetic measurements (second cycle) were conducted to determine the settlement of the dam crest. According to the geodetic measurements, the settlement of the dam crest during the observation period was 15 mm in the first cycle and 18 mm in the second cycle.
Analysis of accidents of water reservoir systems and assessment of their reliability and safety
Authors: Yangiev Asror , Adjimuratov Dilmurat , Panjiev Sherzod , Muratov Oybek , Shokirova Manzuraxon
Published: November 2024

In this article provides an analysis of accidents at reservoir hydroelectric facilities in the world. This is covered in the materials of the International Commission on Large Dams, according to which about 3 thousand accidents occur at hydroelectric power stations in the world every year. Therefore, when designing, constructing and operating reservoir hydraulic systems, special attention is paid to ensuring their reliable and safe operation. The seminars held on this issue provide an opportunity to improve the skills of the personnel responsible for the safety of hydraulic structures to ensure compliance with the standards and rules for their qualification. In order to prevent accidents and ensure reliable, safe operation of reservoir hydraulic structures, it is necessary to perform a set of tasks related to the following issues: step-by-step restoration of failed control and measuring equipment at hydraulic structures of reservoir hydraulic structures for continuous monitoring of their condition; continuous improvement of the skills of the personnel responsible for the safety of hydraulic structures to ensure compliance with the standards and rules for their qualification; study of the best world experience in modern methods and technologies for ensuring the safety of reservoir hydraulic structures and their implementation.
Subsidence, soil suffusion and their influence on the appearance of cracks on concrete slopes of irrigation canals
Authors: Bakiev Masharif , Kulumbetov Bakhodir , Kuybakov Seytkhan , Oralsynkizi Moldir
Published: November 2024

The physical and physical-mechanical properties of soils, exceeding permissible hydraulic gradients, rapid filling and emptying of canals, the quality of embankments, linings and others which determine the filtration stability of canals. After completion of construction in the western part at PK47+20, PK202+80, PK218+00, longitudinal cracks appeared in the left slopes. To identify the causes of crack formation, the concrete lining was removed and comprehensive study for the causes of cracks was carried out. Based on the plasticity number, the soils were classified as sandy loams and loamy. The relative subsidence deformation for samples taken from PK 202+80, 218+00 and one sample from PK 47+20 are less than 0.007, those are not subsidence, but the results of second sample taken from PK 47+20 showed from 0.014 to 0.017 which is subsidence soil. The results for the analysis of water samples show the turbidity at PK 185+00 and 218+00, results are 128 mg/dm3 and 11.5 mg/dm3 which exceeds the 6 times than norm, and the results of dry residue are 2026 mg/dm3 and 2030 mg/dm3, which exceed 2 times than the norm.
Approche ontologique du jumeau numérique pour la maintenance énergétique des bâtiments
Authors: Calixte Maxence , Rahhal Anabelle , Leclercq Pierre
Published: November 2024

La transformation numérique dans le secteur de la construction, axée sur le BIM, suscite un intérêt croissant pour la maintenance des bâtiments. Notre recherche vise à développer et valider une méthode de maintenance prévisionnelle basée sur un jumeau numérique du bâtiment, mettant l’accent sur les équipements énergétiques. Notre méthodologie comprend la création d’une ontologie pour organiser les données et leur intégration à l’aide d’une base de données orientée graphe (GDB). Cette approche améliore l’interopérabilité BIM grâce aux Linked Data et au développement des outils de maintenance prévisionnelle des installations énergétiques, incluant la détection et le diagnostic des anomalies (FDD). Une série de questions de maintenance a été identifiée pour valider l’approche, démontrant la capacité de l’ontologie à répondre à des questions complexes liées à la maintenance. Bien que la recherche présente des limites, notamment dans l’évaluation complète de l’efficacité de l’ontologie, l’implémentation de la GDB et les perspectives des méthodes de FDD laissent entrevoir des avancées prometteuses pour l’amélioration des processus de maintenance et d’exploitation des bâtiments.
Modélisation des espaces de solutions en conception architecturale. La dynamique des paysages
Authors: Claeys Damien , Roobaert Louis , Cleven Sheldon
Published: November 2024

L’article explore la dynamique d’adaptabilité des domaines des solutions satisfaisantes au cours des processus de conception architecturale. Les spatialisations graphiques issues de trois modèles théoriques sont remises à jour (L. Bruce Archer, N. John Habraken et Ömer Akin), tandis que l’approche computationnelle est analysée en tant que méthode d’optimisation de performances et d’instanciation de solutions. Le présent essai spéculatif questionne la modélisation de la dynamique des domaines de solutions et les effets de l’usage des outils computationnels sur celle-ci. En s’appuyant sur la dynamique des systèmes, une tentative de réponse est proposée à l’aide d’une modélisation, construite à partir d’une succession de paysages analytiques.
L’application de l’ingénierie de collaboration sur le projet architectural - Phase projet d’exécution
Authors: Rezgui Hana , Ait Haddou Hassan , Camilleri Guy
Published: November 2024

Tout au long du processus d’un projet architectural BIM, de sa conception jusqu’à sa démolition, divers acteurs interviennent, chacun apportant ses compétences et son expertise spécifiques pour contribuer à sa réalisation. La collaboration et la coopération entre ces parties prenantes revêtent une importance cruciale pour garantir le succès global du projet. Cet article propose l’application d’une méthode d’ingénierie de la collaboration à une phase particulière du projet architectural BIM, visant à favoriser une communication fluide et une collaboration efficace entre les intervenants. Cette étude se focalise sur l’identification des activités collectives entre les différents acteurs de la construction, mettant particulièrement l’accent sur l’aspect pratique du Building Information Modeling (BIM), notamment sur la collaboration autour de la Maquette numérique BIM au sein des agences lors de la phase de projet d’exécution.
Evaluation algorithmique inclusive de la qualité des espaces publics
Authors: Koseki Shin , Ammar Toumadher , Ahmad Mushkani Rashid , Berard Hugo , Tannir Sarah
Published: November 2024

L’intelligence artificielle (IA) offre de multiples possibilités pour une analyse des paysages urbains, mais elle ne permet pas le saisi de la diversité des points de vue et des appréciations différenciées et situées de la qualité de l’espace public. Pour le moment seules les approches ethnographiques classiques en sont capables. Soumettre la qualité de l’espace public au prisme de l’IA devient ainsi une démarche à explorer et à creuser. Le projet que nous avons développé puise ressource dans les enjeux préalablement assortis. Une IA est alors créée pour évaluer la qualité des espaces publics à partir d’un lot d’images représentatives de la richesse du paysage urbain Montréalais. L’approche suivie s’appuie sur les pensées de l’urbanisme participatif tout en s’adossant sur les opportunités offertes par l’IA. Cette proposition se focalise sur la mise en évidence de l’utilité et de la pertinence des approches IA pour concevoir la ville. Elle a pour objectif d’apporter une réponse concrète pour une meilleure qualification et une meilleure production d’un urbain inclusif.
Modélisation HBIM d’héritages culturels. Le cas de l’huilerie amazighe de Toujane
Authors: Abidi Zayneb , Claeys Damien , Belcadhi Ferdaws , Vandenbroucke David
Published: November 2024

Lorsqu’un édifice est incomplet ou a disparu, sa dimension matérielle est partiellement restituée à partir de traces observables. Cependant, le cas de la dimension immatérielle du patrimoine est complexe. Alors que la culture amazighe risque de disparaître, le type architectural de l’huilerie traditionnelle revêt une importance cruciale pour la comprendre, la sauvegarder et la transmettre en raison de sa volumétrie complexe et de ses caractéristiques. Le cas étudié est une reconstruction numérique d’une huilerie amazighe traditionnelle du village tunisien de Toujane. Une méthode de modélisation HBIM est proposée pour identifier les lacunes archéologiques et intégrer des données de différentes sources, à l’aide d’outils et d’algorithmes avancés.
Cognition et syntaxe spatiale. Analyse de la résilience des parcours de l’unité d’urgence Sadok Mokaddem à Djerba
Authors: Barouni Khouloud , Claeys Damien
Published: November 2024

Dans le cadre d’une recherche pour améliorer la circulation des patients dans les unités de soins en cas de crises sanitaires, une méthode d’analyse est proposée du point de vue de la cognition spatiale. À partir de l’analyse de l’unité d’urgence Sadok Mokaddem à Djerba, la méthode est testée en deux phases : la dynamique des systèmes modélise les flux de patients à travers différents parcours cliniques possibles, tandis que la syntaxe spatiale calcule des corrélations entre le mouvement humain et la disposition spatiale. Enfin, l’analyse contribue à comprendre les états possibles du système de l’unité d’urgence, en généralisant la méthode pour intégrer une logique spatiale résiliente.
Espaces d’hybridation en conception architecturale. Modalités collaboratives entre cognitions naturelles et artificielles
Authors: Roobaert Louis , Claeys Damien , Cleven Sheldon
Published: November 2024

Les développements récents de l’intelligence artificielle (IA) forcent la reconfiguration des interactions humains-machines (IHM). Initiée par la cybernétique, cette évolution s’est déroulée en trois phases : standardisation, automatisation, adaptabilité. Permettant une collaboration entre conception et computation, l’IA favorise des réseaux d’hybridation entre mondes physique et numérique, où cognition humaines et artificielles interagissent pour renforcer l’émulation créative et décisionnelle. En conception architecturale, ces réseaux sont peu développés. Pour révéler ce potentiel, une analyse des réseaux de conception hybrides et une comparaison des niveaux de cognition sont proposées à l’aide de la taxonomie de Bloom croisée avec le modèle Cattell-Horn-Carroll.
Aldosteron-Synthase-Inhibitoren
Authors: van der Giet Markus
Published: November 2024

Es ist ein alter Traum: Die Bildung von Aldosteron in der Nebennierenrinde blockieren, um dessen blutdrucksteigernde Effekte in den Griff zu bekommen. In den vergangenen Jahren konnten erste selektive Inhibitoren der Aldosteronsynthase (ASI) entwickelt werden, die sich bereits in ersten klinischen Studien als effektiv gezeigt haben. Es haben sich klare Hinweise darauf ergeben, dass sich mit diesen Substanzen die Aldosteronbildung hemmen lässt, ohne sonstige Substanzen in der Nebenniere negativ zu beeinflussen. Neben einer robusten Blutdrucksenkung haben sich weitere protektive Eigenschaften durch die Beeinflussung einer Albuminurie gezeigt. In diesem Beitrag wird die Rolle von Aldosteron in der Blutdruckregulation zusammengefasst. Zudem werden die ersten klinischen Studien vorgestellt, in denen die Aldosteronbildung gezielt reduziert werden konnte.
Long-term Follow-up Study for Fractured and Non-Fractured Hand Enchondromas Treated by Sole Curettage
Authors: Prahm Cosima , Kefalianakis Laura , Heinzel Johannes , Kolbenschlag Jonas , Daigeler Adrien , Lauer Henrik
Published: November 2024

Background: Enchondromas are the most common primary tumors in the small tubular bones of the hand and fractures are often the result of thinned cortical bone. The main question was whether fractured enchondromas influence the long-term clinical and radiological outcome.
Methods: Between 2000 and 2019, 57 patients with previously treated fractured (group I) and non-fractured (group II) hand enchondromas (34 female, 23 male, mean age was 39.4 years, ± 13.7) were evaluated for clinical and radiological treatment outcomes. SF-36 and DASH questionnaires as well as patient reported experience measures were used to assess subjective health outcomes. Subsequently, 43 patients underwent clinical and radiological follow-ups. Comparative evaluation of objective treatment outcomes in both groups was conducted in terms of hand functionality, perioperative complications, recurrence rates, and osteogenesis.
Results: Almost half the patients suffered enchondromas with fractures (49.1%, n=28). Two patients received additional k-wire-stabilization due to intraoperative instability. Defect resolution could be reached in 97.7% (n=42) of all cases. No recurrence of enchondroma was observed. Groups were equal regarding radiological and clinical outcomes. The patient reported experiences were predominantly positive (86%), both cohorts had good to very good results with a DASH mean score of 4 (±6.3). The SF-36 demonstrated a return to normal quality of life in both groups. Mean follow-up time was 7.78 years (±4.8).
Conclusions: Sole curettage of enchondromas yields effective outcomes with good to excellent results regardless of the presence of a fracture. Long-term radiological follow-up is not required until symptomatic recurrence.
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Bialy-Mironov type rigidity for centrally symmetric symplectic billiards
Authors: Baracco Luca , Bernardi Olga , Nardi Alessandra
Published: November 2024

The aim of the present paper is to establish a Bialy–Mironov type rigidity for centrally symmetric symplectic billiards. For a centrally symmetric C
2 strongly-convex domain D with boundary

∂
D

, assume that the symplectic billiard map has a (simple) continuous invariant curve

δ
⊂

P

of rotation number

1

/

4

(winding once around

∂
D

) and consisting only of 4-periodic orbits. If one of the parts between δ and each boundary of the phase-space is entirely foliated by continuous invariant closed (not null-homotopic) curves, then

∂
D

is an ellipse. The differences with Birkhoff billiards are essentially two: it is possible to assume the existence of the foliation in one of the parts of the phase-space detected by the curve δ, and the result is obtained by tracing back the problem directly to the totally integrable case.
Fast identification of critical nodes in complex network based on improved greedy algorithm
Authors: Sun Yang , Guo Sijia , Chen Lei , Li Shengquan , Shi Dongdong , Ding Yipei
Published: November 2024

Over the past decades, many critical and complex systems, such as power grid, transportation network, and information network, have been effectively modeled using complex network. However, these networks are susceptible to cascading failure, triggered by minor failure, leading to partial or total collapse. Preventing cascading failure necessitates the protection of critical nodes within the network, making the identification of these nodes particularly crucial. In this paper, we introduce an Improved Greedy algorithm (IGA), inspired by the traditional greedy algorithm and the relationship between the propagation mechanism of cascading failure and N-K failure. This algorithm gets rid of the shortcomings of traditional recognition algorithms for dealing with large-scale networks with long time and low accuracy, and evaluates the critical degree of nodes based on network connectivity and overload rate. The simulation is carried out in Barabsi-Albert (BA) network and IEEE 39-, 118-bus systems, and make comparisons with other different algorithms. The results show that IGA not only has low computational complexity, but also has high accuracy in identifying critical nodes in complex networks.
A modified artificial electric field algorithm and its application
Authors: Lin Qiuhong , Zhang Lieping , Cheng Jiatang
Published: November 2024

As an efficient meta-heuristic technique, artificial electric field algorithm (AEFA) has been extensively applied to tackle various challenging tasks posed by practical scenarios. However, in the classical AEFA, the fitness function has a cumulative effect on the charge, resulting in limited search capability. To address this issue, a modified AEFA (MAEFA) is presented in this paper. More specifically, a novel charge calculation scheme is introduced to overcome the cumulative effect by gradually distinguishing the charges of particles during the evolutionary process. Further, an alternating search strategy is developed to calculate the total electrostatic force, thereby reinforcing the guiding effect of excellent individuals on the entire population. Subsequently, the performance of MAEFA is investigated using 42 well-benchmarked functions, two chaotic time series prediction problems, and two engineering design problems. Experimental results reveal that MAEFA is more competitive in comparison with several established AEFAs and 20 popular meta-heuristic techniques.
Impact of negative gate stress on the reliability of p-GaN gate HEMT devices under dynamic switching operation
Authors: Ai Yue , Song Xiufeng , Liu Shuang , Yu Longyang , Dai Tianjun , Wang Hanze , Wang Zhongxu , You Shuzhen , Zhao Shenglei , Hao Yue , Zhang Jincheng
Published: November 2024

In this study, we investigated the impact of single stress (negative gate bias stress) and combined stress (both negative gate bias stress and drain voltage stress) on the instability of the threshold voltage (VTH) on p-GaN gate HEMT devices during dynamic switching operation. The dynamic VTH shift during pulsed negative gate bias stress was investigated for the first time. The VTH exhibits an initial rapid increase upon the initiation of stress and a slight decrease with increasing stress time. For the applied stresses of VGS = −1/−2/−3 V, the VTH shift values were, respectively, 0.12/0.16/0.19 V at the stress time of 100 s. Under the stress of VGS = −3 V and VDS = 100 V, the shift value of VTH was 0.61 V. After the combined stress, the saturation and off-state leakage currents exhibited a significant reduction, with the latter decreasing by one order of magnitude after the reverse voltage stress. When only a negative gate bias stress is applied, the degradation of the device can recover quickly after the stress is removed. In contrast, the positive shift in VTH caused by the drain-voltage stress is difficult to recover. Furthermore, the mechanisms underlying the VTH shift mentioned above were explored. Under single-stress conditions, the shift in VTH is associated with shallow traps that trap electrons. Meanwhile, under the combined stress, the degradation of Vth was also affected by the deep-level traps.
Artificial meerkat algorithm: a new metaheuristic algorithm for solving optimization problems
Authors: Wang Xiaowei
Published: November 2024

In this study, a novel artificial meerkat optimization algorithm (AMA) is proposed to simulate the cooperative behaviors of meerkat populations. The AMA algorithm is designed with two sub-populations, multiple search strategies, a multi-stage elimination mechanism, and a combination of information sharing and greedy selection strategies. Drawing inspiration from the intra-population learning behavior, the algorithm introduces two search mechanisms: single-source learning and multi-source learning. Additionally, inspired by the sentinel behavior of meerkat populations, a search strategy is proposed that combines Gaussian and Lévy variations. Furthermore, inspired by the inter-population aggression behavior of meerkat populations, the AMA algorithm iteratively applies these four search strategies, retaining the most suitable strategy while eliminating others to enhance its applicability across complex optimization problems. Experimental results comparing the AMA algorithm with seven state-of-the-art algorithms on 53 test functions demonstrate that the AMA algorithm outperforms others on 71.7% of the test functions. Moreover, experiments on challenging engineering optimization problems confirm the superior performance of the AMA algorithm over alternative algorithms.
Understanding the stability of finite double walled phenine and its hybrid structures using DFT investigation
Authors: Sharma Amrish , Kaur Sandeep , Sharma Hitesh , Mudahar Isha
Published: November 2024

We have performed ab initio calculations based on density functional theory to investigate the structural and electronic properties of finite double wall phenine nanotubes and their hybrid structures with armchair carbon nanotubes. The result shows that double wall phenine nanotubes and the hybrid structures are quite stable. The stability of structure is strongly depends on inter-layer separation between the two tubes. The double walled phenine nanotubes are more stable than their corresponding pristine armchair tubes and exhibit a semi-conducting nature with a HOMO-LUMO gap of 2.78 eV and 2.80 eV. The hybrid structures have a small electronic gap between 0.13eV-0.56 eV similar to double wall armchair nanotubes. The results highlight the possibility of the synthesis of novel semi-conducting double wall phenine structures.
Atomic H over crystal surface: effective potential dependence on sample properties
Authors: Silaev P , Tolokonnikov A
Published: November 2024

We considered the behavior of the lowest electronic level of atomic H in a semi-infinite space bounded by a flat surface. We impose a third kind boundary condition on the electronic wave functions, where the boundary condition parameter models the adsorbent properties of the surface. For the crystal surface, the double periodic function as the boundary parameter seems reasonable; therefore, this case is considered. It is shown that there are two modes of atom adsorption on the sample surface depending on the parameters of the boundary condition. In the first case the effective atomic potential, considered as a function of the distance between H and the boundary plane, exhibits a well pronounced minimum at some finite distance and a relatively small effective range of interaction distances between the atoms and samples. The second case occurs under the condition of a large positive affinity of the atomic electron to the sample boundary and low initial H-concentration inside the sample. In such a situation, the minimum of the effective potential is close to the sample surface, and a significant amount of energy can be emitted throughout the adsorption process.
High-efficiency adsorption of HF and HCN gases by transition metal X (X=Pd, Mo, Ni) doped WS2 :a first-principles study
Authors: Wang Zhijian , Liang Yongchao , Chen Qian
Published: November 2024

This article studies the adsorption effect of pristine WS2 and Pd, Mo, Ni-doped WS2 on HF and HCN gases based on density functional theory. The energy band structure, density of states (DOS), charge differential density (CDD), adsorption energy, charge transfer, and molecular orbitals of the materials are calculated. The results show that Pd, Mo, Ni-doped WS2 significantly improve the adsorption energy of HF and HCN gases. Moreover, the Mo_WS2/HF system exhibits a charge transfer of 0.48 e, significantly higher than other systems. Mo_WS2 and Ni_WS2 systems exhibit an increase in transferred charges compared to pristine WS2 as adsorbing HCN, which are easy to adsorb HCN. Using recovery time as an indicator, Mo_WS2 is the most suitable for adsorbing HF between 300 K and 400 K, while Ni_WS2 is the most suitable for adsorbing HCN. Analyzed the application of materials in adsorbing harmful gases HF and HCN.
Optimizing non-toxic (CH3NH3)3Bi2I9 perovskite solar cells by SCAPS-1D
Authors: Mohammed Mustafa K A
Published: November 2024

Low-dimensional bismuth-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have demonstrated some benefits over lead-based PSCs for nontoxicity and remarkable stability. These two factors are now the primary concerns in the photovoltaic community. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs using the lead Pb-free chemical methylammonium bismuth iodide (CH3NH3)3Bi2I9 is severely limited due to the poor quality of the photoactive material. The objective of this study was to investigate the intrinsic impacts of (CH3NH3)3Bi2I9 perovskite by using SCAPS-1D (Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator) to simulate the PSCs and the adjustment of relevant physical parameters to closely match experimental results. Moreover, the cells were optimized based on (CH3NH3)3Bi2I9 film thickness, total defect density of (CH3NH3)3Bi2I9, optical bandgap, and interfacial defects. By conducting a comprehensive analysis of the current–voltage (J-V) plots and quantum efficiency (QE) feature, the best values of perovskite thickness, bandgap, and defect density were determined to be 100 nm, 1.6 eV, and 1014 cm−3, respectively. Furthermore, defects in the interfaces between the electron transport layer (ETL)/(CH3NH3)3Bi2I9 and hole transport layer (HTL)/(CH3NH3)3Bi2I9 were added, and their influence on performance was also investigated. Accordingly, the optimum cell has realized a record PCE of 9.043% and a high quantum efficiency exceeding 60%, which is comparable to those of some Pb-free perovskite analogues. The operational temperature calculations showed that all parameters remain relatively constant with increasing temperature. Therefore, the results imply that the simulated Pb-free PSCs can be stable in a thermal environment. The proposed structural layout and optimization approach can encourage more study and actual applications for Pb-free organometallic perovskite solar cells.
Two fitness inference schemes compared using allele frequencies from 1068 391 sequences sampled in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Zeng Hong-Li , Yang Cheng-Long , Jing Bo , Barton John , Aurell Erik
Published: November 2024

Throughout the course of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, genetic variation has contributed to the spread and persistence of the virus. For example, various mutations have allowed SARS-CoV-2 to escape antibody neutralization or to bind more strongly to the receptors that it uses to enter human cells. Here, we compared two methods that estimate the fitness effects of viral mutations using the abundant sequence data gathered over the course of the pandemic. Both approaches are grounded in population genetics theory but with different assumptions. One approach, tQLE, features an epistatic fitness landscape and assumes that alleles are nearly in linkage equilibrium. Another approach, MPL, assumes a simple, additive fitness landscape, but allows for any level of correlation between alleles. We characterized differences in the distributions of fitness values inferred by each approach and in the ranks of fitness values that they assign to sequences across time. We find that in a large fraction of weeks the two methods are in good agreement as to their top-ranked sequences, i.e. as to which sequences observed that week are most fit. We also find that agreement between the ranking of sequences varies with genetic unimodality in the population in a given week.