bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Platinum(II) complex containing N-(bis(-2,4-dimethoxy-benzyl)carbamothioyl)-4-methylbenzamide ligand: synthesis, crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis, and antimicrobial activity
Authors: Solmaz U. , Keskin E. , Gumus I. , Cevik P.K. , Binzet G. , Arslan H.
Published: August 2021

A new complex of Pt(II) bearing N-(bis(2,4-dimethoxybenzyl)carbamothioyl)-4-methylbenzamide ligand is prepared and characterized by 1H, 13C, HMQC, COSY NMR and FTIR spectroscopic techniques. The structure of the complex is determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The structural data reveal that the ligands in the cis-conformation attach to the platinum center and the complex has a slightly distorted square-planar geometry. The molecular packing of the complex is mainly supported by the C—H⋯O hydrogen bond, the C—H⋯π interaction, and Pt⋯H nonclassical interactions. The three-dimensional (3D) Hirshfeld surfaces and the associated 2D fingerprint plots of the complex are investigated for the intermolecular hydrogen bonding and non-covalent interactions. In addition, the antimicrobial activity of the free ligand and the Pt(II) complex is evaluated against Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, E. faecalis, B. subtilis), Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli, P. aeruginosa), and fungal strains (C. albicans, C. glabrata). The results of this evaluation reveal that ligand is much more active against bacteria than the Pt(II) complex. The highest dose found to be effective against bacterial and fungal strains is evaluated in terms of cytotoxic effects on peripheral blood lymphocytes. It is determined that the 500 mg/mL dose does not cause a cytotoxic effect.
On improving the hygroscopic stability of palmatine chloride with crystalline palmatine sulfosalicyate pharmaceutical salt
Authors: Zhang Yu-Nan , Duan Yu , Liu Li-Xin , Chang L. , Feng Yan-Ru , Wu Li-Li , Zhang Lei , Zhang Yun-Jie , Zou D.-Y. , Liu Ying-Li , Su Xin
Published: August 2021

With the aim to improve the hygroscopic stability of palmatine chloride (PMTCl), an unreported single crystal of PMT—SSA (C21H20NO4·C7H5O6S·H2O) is prepared by the solvent evaporation method and characterized. A comprehensive analysis of the structure and Hirshfeld surface reveals that π—π stacking plays a crucial role in accumulating PMT—SSA. As expected, the hygroscopic stability of PMT—SSA is significantly improved compared with that of PMTCl. This may be due to the presence of π—π stacking in the structure of PMT—SSA which improves the hygroscopic stability. The present work inaugurates an avenue for improving the hygroscopic stability of active pharmaceutical ingredients and provides a novel crystalline product with a bright commercial prospect. Unfortunately, the maximum solubility of PMT—SSA is lower than that of PMTCl. How to improve its solubility will be explored in subsequent studies. However, it is surprising that PMT—SSA shows advantages with regard to antibacterial properties in comparison to PMTCl.
Synthesis, crystal structure, and DFT studies of a new phenoxo-bridged dinuclear zinc(II) Schiff base complex with two different geometries
Authors: Thakurta S. , Maiti M. , Rosair G.M. , Tsaturyan A.A.
Published: August 2021

A new dinuclear Zn(II) complex Zn2L(H2O)(NCS)2 (1) is synthesized by the reaction of the tetradentate Schiff base ligand N,N'-bis(5-bromosalicylidene)-1,3-diaminopropane (H2L) with Zn(OAc)2·2H2O in the presence of sodium thiocyanate. The ligand and complex 1 are characterized by microanalytical and spectroscopic techniques. The structure of the complex is established by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. In the phenoxo-bridged zinc complex, one Zn atom is five-coordinated in a square-pyramidal geometry while another is four-coordinated in a tetrahedral geometry. To gain insight into the structural features of complex 1, DFT studies are performed. The calculations reveal a strong effect of the intermolecular interaction, namely the π—π stacking interaction, on the geometry of the complex.
Получение и кристаллическая структура кластерного бромидного комплекса тантала [Li(диглим)2]2[Ta6Br18]
Authors: Шамшурин М.В. , Абрамов П.А. , Михайлов М.А. , Соколов М.Н.
Published: August 2021

Экстракция диглимом продукта реакции Ta, Br2 и LiBr (720 °C, 2 сут, мольное соотношение 1.5:1.75:1.0) приводит к кристаллизации комплекса состава [Li(диглим)2]2[Ta6Br18], структура которого определена методом рентгеноструктурного анализа.
Instrumento de autopercepción de competencia digital para futuros docentes
Authors: Cañete-Estigarribia Delia Lucía , Torres-Gastelú Carlos Arturo , Lagunes-Domínguez Agustín , Gómez-García Melchor
Published: August 2021

El presente artículo describe la creación, validación y fiabilidad del instrumento ad-hoc que permite conocer la autopercepción de competencia digital de los futuros docentes (CDFD). Se elaboró teniendo en cuenta los estándares DIGCOMP de Ferrari (2013), UNESCO (2008) y ENLACES (2008) y la validez de contenido fue validado mediante juicio de expertos, las cuales permitieron verificar los ítems obtenidos, así también modificar o eliminar dichos ítems. El resultado es un instrumento de 40 ítems, distribuidos en áreas de conocimiento como: la pedagogía, el área de conocimientos técnicos, el conocimiento de los aspectos sociales, éticos y legales y el uso de las TIC para la formación profesional docente. La fiabilidad obtenida en el instrumento mediante la prueba de Alpha de Cronbach fue de 0.978.  En tanto la validez de contenido emitida por parte de los expertos fue de 0.959.
PENGARUH BAURAN PEMASARAN DAN KUALITAS LAYANAN TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN KONSUMEN MEMILIKI KARTU KREDIT BANK BRI DENGAN GAYA HIDUP SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERATING
Authors: Mulfachriza Mulfachriza , Bachri Naufal , Biby Sapna
Published: August 2021

This study is aimed to identify the influence of marketing mix and service quality to customer’s decision to have BRI credit card with life style as a variable moderating. The samples of this study are 150 of kredit card’s holders at BRI Banda Aceh Regional Office. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS softaware was used to analyze the data. The results of the study indicate that marketing mix dan service quality has positive and significant influence on customer’s decision to have BRI credit card. Lifestyle could moderate each of marketing mix and service quality on customer’s decision to have BRI credit card.
GRAFFITI ART OF CHANDVAD RAJPRASAD
Authors: Jain Sushma
Published: August 2021

A small town named Chandvad is situated on the Agra-Mumbai highway between Nashik and Malegaon in the state of Maharashtra. The Holkar's palace at Chandvad was built between 1753 and 1797. Many paintings have been made on the walls of this palace, which are older than the paintings of Rajbara found in Indore, but from the point of view of study, these paintings could be known much later. In 1929 the eminent archaeologist Shri R.D. When the Chandwad palace was surveyed by Banerjee, no importance was given to the painted walls there. After 12 years, the then District Collector of Nashik district, Shri H. F. Knight saw these paintings in AD 1933 and asked Sir J.J. School of Art Bombay Director Mr. H.J. King was invited. Mr. King was very impressed by those pictures, and he studied those pictures closely and sent his report to the Holkar state. The princely state of Holkar again sent Kalaguru Devlalikar ji from Indore to Chandvad for a classified study of those paintings. After about ten years of all these activities, these paintings were preserved in 1944 AD. The frescoes built here were probably built between 1753 and 1797 AD during the construction of the Rajwada. Ketkar (2007-08)
Quantum Algorithm of Imperfect KB Self-organization Pt I: Smart Control-Information-Thermodynamic Bounds
Authors: Ulyanov Sergey Victorovich
Published: August 2021

The quantum self-organization algorithm model of wise knowledge base design for intelligent fuzzy controllers with required robust level considered. Background of the model is a new model of quantum inference based on quantum genetic algorithm. Quantum genetic algorithm applied on line for the quantum correlation’s type searching between unknown solutions in quantum superposition of imperfect knowledge bases of intelligent controllers designed on soft computing. Disturbance conditions of analytical information-thermodynamic trade-off interrelations between main control quality measures (as new design laws) discussed in Part I. The smart control design with guaranteed achievement of these tradeoff interrelations is main goal for quantum self-organization algorithm of imperfect KB. Sophisticated synergetic quantum information effect in Part I (autonomous robot in unpredicted control situations) and II (swarm robots with imperfect KB exchanging between “master - slaves”) introduced: a new robust smart controller on line designed from responses on unpredicted control situations of any imperfect KB applying quantum hidden information extracted from quantum correlation. Within the toolkit of classical intelligent control, the achievement of the similar synergetic information effect is impossible. Benchmarks of intelligent cognitive robotic control applications considered.
A New Approach of Intelligent Data Retrieval Paradigm
Authors: Al-akashi Falah , Inkpen Diana
Published: August 2021

What is a real time agent, how does it remedy ongoing daily frustrations for users, and how does it improve the retrieval performance in World Wide Web? These are the main question we focus on this manuscript. In many distributed information retrieval systems, information in agents should be ranked based on a combination of multiple criteria. Linear combination of ranks has been the dominant approach due to its simplicity and effectiveness. Such a combination scheme in distributed infrastructure requires that the ranks in resources or agents are comparable to each other before combined. The main challenge is transforming the raw rank values of different criteria appropriately to make them comparable before any combination. Different ways for ranking agents make this strategy difficult. In this research, we will demonstrate how to rank Web documents based on resource-provided information how to combine several resources raking schemas in one time. The proposed system was implemented specifically in data provided by agents to create a comparable combination for different attributes. The proposed approach was tested on the queries provided by Text Retrieval Conference (TREC). Experimental results showed that our approach is effective and robust compared with offline search platforms.
THE MEANING OF RELIGIOUS MODERATION ON THE RESILIENCE OF MUSLIM MINORITY IN BALINESE HINDUS
Authors: Tohari Amin , Raya Moch. Khafidz Fuad
Published: August 2021

Abstract: The Bali bombing around two decades ago has caused deep traumatic events in the world, not only psychological, socioeconomic, and multinational effects, but also serious impacts on the relationship between the two religions: Islam and Hindusm. This study documents how Muslims as a minority group in Bali attempted to survive amidst the Hindu majority and how these two ethnic-religious groups maintain harmonious relationship after the Bali Bombing incident. This study uses a case study methods with an interpretive paradigm and qualitative approach, the aim is to shows that social pressure and discrimination has not harm the relationship between the two in that the Muslim and Hindus cooperate in the economic sector and strengthen the relationship with kinship and marriage. This effort is a way for the Muslim-Hindus to rebuild the moderation of unity which was collapsed in Bali.

Keywords: Muslim-Hindus, Bali, majority-minority, relations
Kondisi Sanitasi Pada Kapal Kargo Di Wilayah Kerja Kantor Kesehatan Pelabuhan (KKP) Kelas III Manokwari
Authors: Syamsudin Syamsudin , Sabariah Vera , Lisangan Meike M. , Sarungallo Zita L , Hendri Hendri , Kaber Yuanike
Published: August 2021

Ship sanitation and its environment are a mandate from International Health Regulation (IHR)2005 and the regulation of Ministry of Health Republic IndonesiaNo 40 Tahun 2015 that request all the ship in Indonesia territory should have a certificate of ship sanitation. This is due to prevent, protect and control  spreading of diseases.  This study aimed to analyze the sanitation condition of cargo ships in working area of  Harbour Health Office (KKP) type III Manokwari. Research location was done in Manokwari Harbour on September to October 2020.  Method used in this study was descriptive approach and direct observation. Sample was obtained by purposive sampling, that 13 (thirteen) cargo ships anchored in Manokwari. Variables observed included room sanitation, vector, foods and drinking water, and waste.  Results showed that in general the sanitation of the 13 cargo ships was qualified good (91.21%), except for warehouse and medical facilitation. There were two ships (15.38%) unqualified because had no storage room for dry and wet foods. Moreover, six cargo ships (46.15%) had no medical facilitation according to the requirement, but only some medicines without observation room and  medical tools. On the other hands, the vector and disease-spread animals, management food and drinking water, as well as the waste management for 13 cargo ships were qualified.
Persepsi dan Partisipasi Masyarakat Lokal terhadap Pemanfaatan dan Pengelolaan Kawasan-kawasan Cagar Alam Kabupaten Teluk Bintuni
Authors: Leftungun Nicolaus Y. , Widodo A.P.E. , Wambrauw Ludia T.
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine the level of perception and participation of the community around the Bintuni Bay Nature Reserve area and to provide recommendations with active community involvement. This study was conducted in Korano Jaya SP2 and Banjar Asoy SP4 Villages, Manimeri District, Teluk Bintuni Regency. In this study, based on the excessive use of nature reserves, it requires the views of the community around the nature reserve area, the approach used to obtain information by means of interviews or Forum Group Discussion and analyzed using a Likert scale. The results of this study indicate that community participation in order to be involved in the management of the nature reserve area is very high, the lack of public knowledge of the nature reserve area makes people often use the area as a place to catch crabs, shellfish (The Locals called as Bia) and fish for sale, sometimes for consumption As a recommendation from the results of this study is to provide an understanding for the community about the preservation of nature reserves and formulate several strategies that can be used as a support for the community's economy and community involvement in the nature reserve area.
Comprender y defender (o atacar) en la historia
Authors: Valcárcel Carlos Daniel
Published: August 2021

El problema que aquí se trata puede ser planteado, de breve manera, en la interrogación siguiente: ¿es posible hacer historia, objetivamente válida, defendiendo (o atacando) lo que predominantemente ha de escudriñarse en actitud crítica?
Martín Fierro, una epopeya de América
Authors: Arriola Grande F. Maurilio
Published: August 2021

Tesis presentada por Dn. F. Murilio Arriola Grande, para optar el grado de Doctor en Literatura
La rebelión de Túpac Amaru
Authors: Pons Muzzo Gustavo
Published: August 2021

Brinda un excelente estudio sobre la rebelión de Túpac Amaru, que lo convierte sin disputa en el mejor historiador de tan importante movimiento precursor de la emancipación de América española.
Nuestras literaturas
Authors: Arias Augusto
Published: August 2021

Imposible desconocer que nuestra historia se traza como a letra conjunta, y que Pizarro, al filo de su espada, funda la Gobernación de Quito que la corona española entregó a su hermano Don Gonzalo, pero respetando la existencia de los antiguos reinos del Perú y de Quito, tal como los había reconocido Huaina Cápac a su muerte.
Nuevos estudios ingleses
Authors: Núñez Estuardo
Published: August 2021

Con posterioridad a la publicación de mi libro Autores Ingleses y Norteamericanos en el Perú, aparecido en 1956, he hallado la sugestión de nuevos asuntos dentro de la misma materia que ahora reúno a manera de apéndice de dicho volumen.
Six Sigma Methodologies and its Application in Manufacturing Firms
Authors: Saxena Mudit M.
Published: August 2021

Six Sigma is a methodology for process improvement as well as a statistical concept that looks for to determine the variation intrinsic in any process. Six Sigma represents process, that is having 3.4 defects per million opportunities. i.e. 99.99966 % of the products from a Six Sigma process are perfect. Firms can impact their sigma level by combining main principles from the Six Sigma methodology into leadership styles, process management, and improvement activities. Main principle of the technique is a focus on the customer. There are many challenges in the implementation of Six Sigma. A well-run manufacturing team can make the entire firm more successful through cost-saving measures, increased quality and a larger inventory of products that the company can market. The Six Sigma objective is to make sure the process has minimum defects(3.4 defects per million chances). Every aspect of the process must be carefully planned and documented in detail in order for manufacturing to go efficiently. The main aspect of Six Sigma for enhancement in the manufacturing industry is to maximize the financial returns.
High Speed Data Exchange Algorithm in Telemedicine with Wavelet based on 4D Medical Image Compression
Authors: Fatima Samreen
Published: August 2021

Existing Medical imaging techniques such as fMRI, positron emission tomography (PET), dynamic 3D ultrasound and dynamic computerized tomography yield large amounts of four-dimensional sets. 4D medical data sets are the series of volumetric images netted in time, large in size and demand a great of assets for storage and transmission. Here, in this paper, we present a method wherein 3D image is taken and Discrete Wavelet Transform(DWT) and Dual-Tree Complex Wavelet Transform(DTCWT) techniques are applied separately on it and the image is split into sub-bands. The encoding and decoding are done using 3D-SPIHT, at different bit per pixels(bpp). The reconstructed image is synthesized using Inverse DWT technique. The quality of the compressed image has been evaluated using some factors such as Mean Square Error(MSE) and Peak-Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR).
Project Management Strategies to Support Research Partnerships
Authors: Cattlin Joann
Published: August 2021

While research collaborations between academics and industry/government and non-profit organisations is known to be an effective way of translating new knowledge into practice, there is limited understanding of how this is achieved at the project level. This paper provides a detailed case study of project (PM) strategies used in a research partnership and presents a model to guide development of PM in research partnerships. The research used a single study case study approach, involving semi-structured interviews and a focus group, which was situated in the existing literature on research partnerships and research project management. The findings are that the key PM strategies that support effective partnership projects are clear governance, stakeholder management and communication strategies to enable partner engagement. This paper contributes new insights to inform post-award support services for partnership projects.
Nymph Piss and Gravy Orgies: Local and Global Contrast Effects in Relational Humor
Authors: Siew Cynthia S. Q. , Engelthaler Tomas , Hills Thomas
Published: August 2021

How does the relation between two words create humor? In this paper, we investigated the effect of global and local contrast on the humor of word pairs. We capitalized on the existence of psycholinguistic lexical norms by examining violations of expectations set up by typical patterns of English usage (global contrast) and within the local context of the words within the word pairs (local contrast). Global contrast was operationalized as lexical-semantic norms for single-words and local contrast was operationalized as the orthographic, phonological, and semantic distance between the two words in the pair. Through crowdsourced (Study 1) and best-worst (Study 2) ratings of the humor of a large set of word pairs (i.e., compounds), we find evidence of both global and local contrast on compound-word humor. Specifically, we find that humor arises when there is a violation of expectations at the local level, between the individual words that make up the word pair, even after accounting for violations at the global level relative to the entire language. Semantic variables (arousal, dominance, concreteness) were stronger predictors of word pair humor whereas form-related variables (number of letters, phonemes, letter frequency) were stronger predictors of single-word humor. Moreover, we also find that semantic dissimilarity increases humor, by defusing the impact of low-valence words—making them seem more amusing—and by enhancing the incongruence of highly imageable pairs of concrete words.
Imaging transcriptomics of brain disorders
Authors: Arnatkeviciute Aurina , Fulcher Ben , Bellgrove Mark , Fornito Alex
Published: August 2021

Non-invasive neuroimaging is a powerful tool for quantifying diverse aspects of brain structure and function invivo and has been used extensively to map the neural changes associated with different brain disorders. However,most neuroimaging techniques have limited spatiotemporal resolution and offer only indirect measures ofunderlying pathological mechanisms. The recent development of anatomically comprehensive gene-expressionatlases has opened new opportunities for studying the transcriptional correlates of non-invasively measured neuralphenotypes, offering a rich framework for evaluating pathophysiological hypotheses and putative mechanisms.Here, we overview some fundamental methods in imaging transcriptomics and outline their application tounderstanding brain disorders of neurodevelopment, adulthood, and neurodegeneration. Converging evidenceindicates that spatial variations in gene expression are linked to normative changes in brain structure during agerelatedmaturation and neurodegeneration that are in part associated with cell-specific gene expression markersof gene expression. Transcriptional correlates of disorder-related neuroimaging phenotypes are also linked totranscriptionally dysregulated genes identified in ex vivo analyses of patient brains. Modeling studies demonstratethat spatial patterns of gene expression are involved in regional vulnerability to neurodegeneration and the spreadof disease across the brain. This growing body of work supports the utility of transcriptional atlases in testinghypotheses about the molecular mechanism driving disease-related changes in macroscopic neuroimagingphenotypes.
Living with a vestibular disorder during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Smith Laura Jennie , Tresh Miriam , Wilkinson David , Surenthiran Suren S
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND: People with vestibular disorders experience symptoms which put them at risk of reduced wellbeing during the Covid-19 pandemic.OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on vestibular symptoms, access to healthcare and daily activities amongst people living with a vestibular disorder.METHODS: An online survey was completed by 124 people in the UK with a vestibular disorder. The survey incorporated the Vertigo Symptom Scale-Short Form and questions regarding health status, healthcare received, daily activities and employment during Covid-19.RESULTS: The Covid-19 pandemic affected perceptions of wellbeing. 54.1% rated their health as worse now than before the pandemic. Vertigo, unsteadiness, dizziness, tinnitus, loss of concentration/memory, and headaches were the most exacerbated symptoms. Respondents reported changes to their daily activities including reduced social contact (83%) and exercise (54.3%). Some experienced healthcare delays or received a remote appointment. Remote care was perceived as convenient, but barriers included difficulty communicating, trouble concentrating and perceived unsuitability for initial appointments. Unintended benefits of the pandemic included less social pressure, avoiding busy environments, and engaging in self-care. CONCLUSION: The effects of the Covid-19 pandemic are diverse. Clinical services should be mindful that Covid-19 can exacerbate vestibular and allied neuropsychiatric symptoms that require acute, multi-disciplinary intervention, but not lose sight of the potential benefit and cost saving associated with promoting self-management and delivering remote care, especially post-diagnosis.
Sociologia del Dissenso
Authors: Misuraca Francesco
Published: August 2021

The theme of this article is epistemological: Defining the logical and epistemological statute of Dissent as a sociological act ofinnovation and change in international law by social groups in opposition to the establishment, sovereign states and theirgeopolitical alliances. The sociological theory of the loop as an object of study and ontological unity is, therefore, applied to thecase of Dissent, to try to explain the paradox of this social function that makes its way, every day, in a world originally dominatedby the Force (of military, police, hooliganism, terrorist, antisocial nature, etc.). We try to answer the problem of how Dissent(political-democratic, human rights, civil disobedience, etc.) can be a practice of peaceful contrast to violence and the Force,which can even create such beautiful and fragile buildings as state law, international law, human rights and peace itself. In doingso, it is assumed that international human rights regimes cooperate with Dissent (operating within them, and viceversa) toimpose international legal obligations, in the field of human rights, which are fully effective and sanctioned, even in the absenceof a police and/or centralized jurisdiction and/or a deterrent system of military sanctions. This concurrent, complementary andquasi-collaborative activity with the States, on the one hand, challenges the "local and nationalized" Force, on the other, "tosome extent", follows a "loop" logic making use of them.The conjecture formulated by this article is that the sociological theory of the loop, applied to the case of dissent, can explainthe paradox of dissent (political-democratic, in human rights, in civil disobedience, etc.). Indeed, it is aporetic how peacefulpractice can contribute to establishing international law, human rights and peace itself without being Force and violence itself.The aporia would be resolved, by conjecture, by arguing that Dissent "is" Strength to a certain extent, that is, that it is logicallyand ontologically "vague" related to the practice of States and by asserting that the International Regimes of Human Rights aresketches of the future international law (or the future legal systems of the Sovereign States or their, for now, unknown successor).Such an outcome, however, requires a reformulation of the implicit presuppositions of the sociology of Dissent, affecting itslogical and ontological foundations, with a new thesis of deontic logic, which resorts to an attenuation of the principle of non contradiction,in the particular field of praxis of Dissent. This allows us to conceptualize the ontological and logical theory thatDissent would be "almost" an act of Force.
Intellectual property transformation under the influence of the development of artificial intelligence. (Review)
Authors:   INION RAN, Kodaneva Svetlana
Published: August 2021

Artificial intelligence is becoming an indispensable assistant not only in solving technical problems, but also in various creative industries and even in creativity, which has always been considered a human prerogative. In April 2021 at the Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov was held an international scientific and practical conference, dedicated to the discussion of the key problems of legal regulation of various aspects of intellectual property both for human-created neural networks and for works (inventions) created by artificial intelligence. This review presents the problems and issues raised in the framework of this conference.
Role of Alanine Aminotransferase in Determining the Biliary Etiology in Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Bharti Shiv Vansh , Sharma Anup
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Acute pancreatitis a disorder that has numerous causes and an obscure pathogenesis. It can be a serious abdominal emergency associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Cholelithiasis is most common cause of acute pancreatitis and excessive alcohol consumption is second most frequent cause which together account for approximately 80% of underlying etiology. The detection of biliary etiology is crucial to delivery of definitive therapy to prevent repeated attacks of acute pancreatitis. During an attack of acute pancreatitis, elevation of alanine aminotransferase to >150 IU/L is a predictive factor for biliary cause of acute pancreatitis.

Aims: To investigate the predictive value of raised alanine aminotransferase in determining biliary etiology in patients presenting with acute pancreatitis.

Methods: A prospective study was done among 70 patients who were admitted in surgery department over a period of one year with diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. Peak alanine aminotransferase within 48 hours of presentation was recorded. The diagnosis was based on typical clinical presentation of acute pancreatitis combined with an increase in serum amylase levels ≥ 3 times the upper limit of the laboratory reference value. All biliary cases were confirmed by abdominal ultrasonography.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 47.9 ±15.7 years (19-88 years). Acute pancreatitis was common in 31-40 years of age group. Among them, 40(57.1%) were male and 30(42.9%) were female. Forty two (60%) patients had biliary pancreatitis, 20(28.5%) had alcoholic pancreatitis, 2(2.8%) patients had drug induced pancreatitis and 6(8.5%) patients had idiopathic pancreatitis. Mean alanine aminotransferase for biliary pancreatitis was 205.9U/L, while cases with other etiologies (alcoholic 58.4U/L; drug induced 62.6 U/L; and idiopathic 48.3 U/L) showed significantly lower values (p=0.001).

Conclusion: An elevated alanine aminotransferase strongly supports a diagnosis of gallstones in acute pancreatitis.
Screening of Diabetes in Pregnancy at Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital Kohalpur
Authors: Sharma Nirmala , BC Durga
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance of variable severity or hyperglycemia occuring for the first time during pregnancy but the glucose intolerance reverting back to normal after the puerperium. According to American Diabetic Association, approximately 7% of all pregnancy are complicated by Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, resulting in more than two lakhs cases annually and the prevalence may range from 1-14% of all pregnancies. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus usually develop in the second trimester and carries grave prognosis both for mother and fetus. So screening of diabetes is necessary for early detection of diabetes and prevention of further progression.
Aims: Screening of impaired glucose tolerance and gestational  diabetes mellitus by glucose challenge test (GCT) and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 24-28 weeks of pregnancy.
Methods: This study  was conducted in Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital over one year period taking 98 pregnant women who came to ANC (Antenatal Check up) out patient department. Screening for diabetes was done giving 50 gm of oral glucose (glucose challenge test) to the pregnant women at 24-28 weeks of gestational age.
Results: The incidence of Impaired glucose tolerance  and gestational diabetes in this study population was  4.1% and 1% respectively.
Conclusion: Screening of Diabetes mellitus in Second trimester of pregnancy is important investigation to be done to prevent the mother and the fetus from many upcoming complications of diabetes.
Tropospheric Sounding with Low-Cost Particulate Matter Sensors
Authors: Potosnak Mark J. , Mistry Aarti , Beck-Winchatz Bernhard , Ritter Paul
Published: August 2021

The high-altitude balloon (HAB) platform has allowed scientists to measure vertical profiles in the atmosphere at a relatively low cost. The current project combines the HAB platform with low-cost air quality sensors that measure particulate matter (PM). PM is detrimental to human health and can exacerbate asthma. In the atmosphere, PM can affect cloud formation and also radiative transfer, which links emissions of PM to climate change. Therefore, understanding and controlling PM emissions is vital to air quality and climate change. In agricultural regions, several practices produce significant PM emissions. Tilling can release PM in the form of dust, especially under arid conditions. The burning of crop residue is also a common practice practice that releases PM in the form of partially combusted organics (soot). The ultimate goal of this project is to use low-cost PM sensors and HAB to assess PM sources from agricultural regions using citizen scientists. The current presentation evaluates the performance of two different PM sensors over flights conducted during the summer of 2017.
Augmented Pain and Inflammation with Obesity: A Role for the Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Visfatin
Authors: Dolan Sharron , M Alorfi Nasser , Dolan Sharron
Published: August 2021

Obesity is associated with several co-morbidities including chronic pain. Systemic low-grade chronic inflammation and dysregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines have been proposed to underlie these phenomena. This study characterized pain and inflammation, and levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine visfatin, in a rodent model of obesity, and investigated whether treatment with the visfatin inhibitor, FK866, has anti-inflammatory and/or analgesic effects in normal and obese rats. The effects of pre-administration of FK866 (3, 10 mg/kg; i.p.) on carrageenan (3%; i.d. into the left paw)-induced thermal and mechanical hypersensitivity and paw oedema was measured in adult male Wistar rats fed a normal diet (ND) or high fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. HFD-fed rats displayed an increased sensitivity to acute mechanical nociceptive stimulation, and potentiated mechanical hyperalgesia and peripheral inflammation to carrageenan. Levels of circulating visfatin were increased in HFD-fed rats. Treatment with FK866, a visfatin inhibitor, was effective in reducing carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia and paw oedema in both ND-fed and HFD-fed rats. These data show that FK866 has anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. The potentiated response to pain and inflammation, and elevated visfatin levels in HFD-fed rats supports the hypothesis that obesity is a chronic low-grade inflammatory disorder. Reversal of this co-morbidity by blocking visfatin may be a novel therapeutic strategy for managing pain with obesity.
Learning Computer Programming Using Project-Based Collaborative Learning
Authors: Apeanti Wilson Osafo , Essel Daniel
Published: August 2021

The major concern of teaching computer programming in higher education is to provide students with the skills necessary to integrate theory and practice. One of the methods most suited for this task is project-based collaborative learning (PBCL). This study provides an in-depth analysis of students’ experiences, levels of collaboration and challenges in learning computer programming in a PBCL setting. A survey of 428 students was selected from a population of 840 undergraduate computer programming students at all levels using a stratified random sampling technique. It was found that focusing programming courses on real problems made the course more interesting for students. The students gained new interpersonal skills and understood the technical concepts of the courses better. PBCL was found to be suitable for teaching lower level (level 100 and 200) undergraduate programming courses compared with higher level (level 300 and 400) courses. Students' challenges in PBCL computer programming courses include time allocation for projects, choosing appropriate problems and piggy riding in project groups. We expect the findings of this study to influence policy on the teaching of computer programming courses at the undergraduate level.
Isolation and Identification of Yeasts in White Cheese
Authors: URÇAR GELEN Sevda , CEYLAN Ziya
Published: August 2021

In this study, firstly yeast was isolated from 50 white cheese samples produced by traditional methods from raw milk. The yeast species were isolated from 50 traditional white cheese samples and identified with the VITEK2 Compact system. There were obtained from white cheese samples 90 isolates 35.6% Candida sake (32), 13.3% Candida zeylanoides (12), 8.9% Candida famata (8) and 8.9% Candida kefyr (8) and the remaining 33.3% Candida sphaerica (4), Candida colliculasa (2), Candida boidinii (2), Candida lusitaniae (4), Candida parapsilosis (2), Candida sphaerica (4) Cryptococcus laurentii (4), Candida krusei (4) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (4). Yeasts are known as a saprophyte found in many foods, but that some of them positively contribute to the fermentation. More over some yeasts are could used of starter culture during the manufacture of certain dairy product for maturation by supporting the functions. some yeasts species were isolated in this study, could be used as support culture.
Splenic Mass in a Dog: clinical case report
Authors: GÜLERSOY Erdem , İYİGÜN Süleyman , ERTÜRK Alper , OK Mahmut
Published: August 2021

Büyük çoğunluğunu hemangiosarkomların oluşturuduğu splenik kitleler, diğer türlere ve yaşlara göre sıklıkla yaşı ileri köpeklerde gözlenmektedir. 14 yaşlı Beagle ırkı kısırlaştırılmamış erkek köpek, iştahsızlık, durgunluk, kilo kaybı gibi non spesifik bulgular ile birlikte abdominal gerginlik şikayeti ile hastaneye başvurdu. Klinik muayenelerde mukozalarda solgunluk ile birlikte şiddetli abdominal gerginlik; hemogramda anemi ile birlikte lökositozis; serum biyokimyasında yüksek BUN ve kreatinin seviyeleri ile birlikte karaciğer enzimlerinde belirgin artış belirlendi. Ultrasonografik muaeyenede belirlenen splenik kitlenin ince aspirasyonu ile alınan aspiratın mikroskopik muayenesinde çok sayıda eksentrik çekirdekli, pleomorfik, multinüklear ve farklı miktarlarda eozinofilik sitoplazmaya sahip çok sayıda neoplastik hücre tespit edildi. Bu olgu sunumunda, kitlenin vasküler yapısı, hasta sahibinin onay vermemesi sonucu biyopsi veya laparotominin yapılamadığı limitasyon durumlarında ultrasonografik muayene ile kitle varlığı; ince iğne aspirasyonu ile alınan aspiratın mikroskopik muayenesi sonucu belirlenen infiltre olan mast hücre sayısı, kitlenin benign veya malign karakterini belirlemede bilgi sağlayabileceği gösterildi.
Factores de éxito en las empresas forestales comunitarias: un caso de estudio
Authors: Rodríguez Zúñiga Joel , González Guillén Manuel de Jesús , Valtierra Pacheco Esteban
Published: August 2021

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los determinantes de éxito (DE) de las empresas forestales comunitarias (EFC) en la Reserva de la Biósfera de la Mariposa Monarca (RBMM) para evaluar su éxito en la conservación del recurso forestal y los beneficios que han generado en las organizaciones. Los DE se analizaron con el modelo analítico de “diamante de Porter”, una encuesta estructurada, un análisis espacial y un estudio de caso de tres EFC con diferentes niveles de integración de la cadena productiva forestal (CPF). Los resultados sugieren que el capital humano y el capital social son los DE, además, existe una correspondencia entre la conservación del recurso forestal y la integración de la CPF. El éxito de una EFC en la RBMM no radica en los grandes beneficios económicos que genera, ni en la abundancia de su recurso forestal, sino en la conservación del capital natural y su aprovechamiento sostenible. Por tanto, las políticas públicas deberían considerar las prácticas comunales de autogobierno, los usos y costumbres y la actividad silvícola comunal en los primeros eslabones de la CPF.
Identifying and understanding the philosophical and historical context of Vladimir Putin's rhetoric through his New Year addresses
Authors:   , Heidt Marci
Published: August 2021

As leader of the Russian Federation, a state with both a large military stockpile and veto power in the United Nations, it is important to understand who Vladimir Putin is as a leader. In order to do so, we must first identify and understand the contexts of Putin's leadership. One of the ways in which we can do that is by looking at his rhetoric. This thesis looks specifically at the language and recurrence of ideas in Putin's New Year Addresses. Given the cultural significance of this holiday to the Russian people and the holiday's own significance to Putin's presidency, it is a useful genre for identifying philosophical and historical context within his speeches. This thesis not only identifies the foundational elements of this genre of speech, but it is able to identify the shifts in rhetoric and understand the context behind them.
Prosthetic foot design with biomimetic ankle mechanism
Authors:   , Grace Colin
Published: August 2021

This thesis proposes a novel lower-limb prosthetic device. Current prosthetics either have overly simplistic designs with inaccurate biomechanics or use delicate microprocessors that are easily damaged in harsh environments. This thesis aims to address these concerns by creating a novel device that combines a pneumatic damping system with a ball joint, resulting in a robust design with improved biomechanics. This prosthetic offers an affordable alternative that can be completely rebuilt while providing added comfort through improved biomechanics. Overall, this thesis contributes to the literature by proposing and discussing an innovative design for an affordable, comfortable, biomechanically sound alternative for lower limb prostheses.
CONDITIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CRUSHED STONE PRODUCTION IN UKRAINE AND COMPETITION ON THE TRANSPORT MARKET
Authors: Mironovich A.
Published: August 2021

The article describes the production and use of crushed stone in Ukraine. The price factor of production and sale of crushed stone in the foreign countries is given and the comparative analysis with the Ukrainian producers is carried out. The dynamics of capacity and production of crushed stone products in Ukraine taking into account export and import components is given. It is established that the most capacious market is located in Zhytomyr region. It is noted that the share of crushed stone production of the enterprises located on the territory of the Regional Branch "South-Western Railway" is 44. It was found that only fruitful cooperation between two parties will get positive results, which will certainly increase railway traffic.
MARGARIDA CARDOSO E AS MULHERES DA CASA-GRANDE
Authors: Pereira Ana
Published: August 2021

Compreendo a obra de Margarida Cardoso como parte de um movimento global da arte portuguesa contemporânea que visa refletir sobre o presente à luz de um passado recente. Defendo que a investigação da autora parte da necessidade de ultrapassar um evento silencioso e silenciado que marcou a sociedade portuguesa desde os anos 1970 até à década de 1990 e situo a sua perspetiva partindo das ideias de branquitude e de fragilidade branca. Proponho uma reflexão discursiva e crítica em torno de A Costa dos Murmúrios (2006) e Yvone Kane (2015) que visa problematizar a forma como Margarida Cardoso organiza a sua subjetividade feminina, branca e burguesa por forma a construir uma memória insustentável sobre as mulheres brancas, em África, que as desculpabiliza de toda a violência colonial e que as coloca numa posição de fragilidade relativamente às mulheres negras, colonizadas e pobres.
Особливості механізму адміністративно-правового регулювання у сфері цивільної авіації
Authors: Кирилюк Н. Д.
Published: August 2021

Статтю присвячено дослідженню механізму правового регулювання діяльності цивільної авіації крізь призму адміністративно-правових норм.

Зазначається, що повітряне законодавство містить норми конституційного права (встановлюється повний і винятковий суверенітет України над її повітряним простором), адміністративного права (наприклад, встановлюються порядок сертифікації та реєстрації повітряних суден й аеродромів, правила сертифікації авіаційної техніки, правила льотної придатності, правила безпеки польотів, Порядок накладення і стягнення штрафів за порушення вимог законодавства на повітряному транспорті), цивільного права (встановлюються правила перевезення пасажирів і багажу, цивільно-правова відповідальність перевізника за цілість багажу і вантажу, а також за збиток, заподіяний пасажирам та іншим особам.

Наявність характеристик авіаційного транспорту, авіаційної діяльності та цивільної авіації, авіації як галузі закріплених в ЗУ «Про транспорт», ПКУ, Положенні про використання повітряного простору України, приписів щодо обов’язковості реєстрації та сертифікації суб’єктів та об’єктів авіаційної діяльності, що містяться в інших нормативно-правових актах, дає можливість говорити саме про адміністративно-правове регулювання діяльності цивільної авіації, а звідси й про його механізм. Під останнім треба розуміти сукупність таких елементів, як норми права, правовідносини, правове становище суб’єктів авіаційної діяльності щодо використання об’єктів такої діяльності, акти реалізації їхніх прав та обов’язків щодо сертифікації авіаційного персоналу, реєстрації та сертифікації елементів авіатранспортної інфраструктури (повітряних суден та його компонентів, аеродромів, повітряних трас та повітряних ліній тощо), кожен з яких, взаємодіючи з іншими, функціонально спрямований на гарантування безпеки авіації, забезпечення інтересів держави, національної безпеки та потреб суспільства й економіки в повітряних перевезеннях та авіаційних роботах.
Гендерна рівність у трудових правовідносинах: питання сьогодення
Authors: Клименко М. В.
Published: August 2021

Стаття присвячена питанням гендерної рівності у трудових правовідносинах в умовах сьогодення, на підставі чого зроблено певні висновки. Питання гендерної рівності у сфері трудових відносин сьогодні є досить актуальним і має включати такі принципи: рівність можливостей і однакове ставлення до чоловіків і жінок у сфері зайнятості; рівну оплату праці рівної цінності; поліпшення балансу між роботою і сім’єю для працівників; рівні підходи для пропозицій у разі зайняття вакантних посад.

Зазначено, що нагальною потребою сьогодення є прийняття правових норм, які б забезпечили розвиток статей як рівних, та гендерних відносин як рівноправних, оскільки правове становище жінки на рівні суспільства і сім’ї є показником розвинутості політичного, соціального і правового державного устрою. Державна політика дедалі більше повинна орієнтуватися на створення рівних можливостей для жінок і чоловіків, при цьому вона повинна проводитися з урахуванням міжнародних документів, підписаних Україною. Констатовано, що Україна вже перебуває на шляху виправлення гендерного законодавства та впровадження норм, принципів і положень, закріплених у міжнародно-правових актах, пов’язаних із наданням рівних прав і можливостей чоловікам і жінкам у трудових відносинах. Наголошено, що під час розроблення реформи трудового законодавства в Україні слід (1) не допустити звуження наявних прав і гарантій працівників/иць, врахувати принцип рівних прав та можливостей жінок і чоловіків. Визначити розширення економічних можливостей жінок одним із пріоритетів реформи трудового законодавства; (2) забезпечити правові інструменти, що сприятимуть впровадженню принципу рівної оплати праці рівної цінності; (3) урегулювати законодавче забезпечення безпеки праці з виконання робіт із важкими, шкідливими і небезпечними умовами праці, умовами підвищеного ризику для життя і здоров’я.