bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Relative Age Effect on Anthropometry, Body Composition, Biological Maturation and Motor Performance in Young Brazilian Soccer Players
Authors: Altimari Juliana , Altimari Leandro , Bortolotti Henrique , Junior Adalberto , Gabardo Juliano , Buzzachera Cosme , Frisselli Ariobaldo , Moraes Antonio
Published: April 2021

The present study aimed to investigate the influence of months of birth on anthropometry, body composition, biological maturation, and motor performance in young Brazilian soccer players. Young Brazilian soccer players from the Under-13 (n = 50; 13.6 ± 0.3 years), Under-15 (n = 50; 15.5 ± 0.4 years), and Under-17 categories (n = 46; 17.7 ± 0.3 years) took part in this study. Athletes were divided according to chronological age, 1st tertile (January to April); 2nd tertile (May to August); and 3rd tertile (September to December). Anthropometry, body composition, biological maturation, and motor performance variables were evaluated for all participants. There were no differences between the U-13, U-15, and U-17 categories regarding birth tertiles (p > 0.05). Differences between the ages and birth tertiles were observed for the stature, body mass, and lean body mass (p < 0.05). Moreover, differences were found in maturational status between the ages and birth tertiles (p < 0.05). In general, U-13 players showed lower values compared to U-15 and U-17 players in tests of motor performance. In addition, there was a difference in motor performance between the birth tertiles only for RSA variables. The months of birth influenced the stature, body mass, lean body mass, and repeated sprint ability in the U-13 and U-15 categories. Thus, care should be taken during the process of talent selection, as many young players could be underestimated due to their date of birth.
Effects of Pre-Activation with Variable Intra-Repetition Resistance on Throwing Velocity in Female Handball Players: A Methodological Proposal
Authors: Martínez-García Darío , Rodríguez-Perea Ángela , Huerta-Ojeda Álvaro , Jerez-Mayorga Daniel , Aguilar-Martínez Daniel , Chirosa-Rios Ignacio , Ruiz-Fuentes Pablo , Chirosa-Rios Luis
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effect of pre-activation with Variable Intra-Repetition Resistance and isometry on the overhead throwing velocity in handball players. Fourteen female handball players took part in the study (age: 21.2 ± 2.7 years, experience: 10.9 ± 3.5 years). For Post-Activation Potentiation, two pre-activation methods were used: (I) Variable Intra-Repetition Resistance: 1 x 5 maximum repetitions at an initial velocity of 0.6 m·s-1 and a final velocity of 0.9 m·s-1; (II) Isometry: 1 x 5 s of maximum voluntary isometric contraction. Both methods were "standing unilateral bench presses" with the dominant arm, using a functional electromechanical dynamometer. The variable analysed was the mean of the three overhead throws. Ball velocity was measured with a radar (Stalker ATS). The statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA with repeated measures. No significant differences were found for either method (variable resistance intra-repetition: p = 0.194, isometry: p = 0.596). Regarding the individual responses, the analysis showed that 86% of the sample increased throwing velocity with the variable resistance intra-repetition method, while 93% of the sample increased throwing velocity with the isometric method. Both the variable intra-repetition resistance and isometric methods show improvements in ball velocity in female handball players. However, the authors recommend checking individual responses, since the results obtained were influenced by the short rest interval between the pre-activation and the experimental sets.
Evaluation of the Prevalence of ESBL Multi-Resistant Bacteria, Carbapenemase Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: Cucian Alina Oana Iacob , Voidazan Septimiu Toader , Pop Nicolae Ovidiu
Published: April 2021

Microbial resistance to antibiotics represents a complex global, cross-border and intergenerational problem that requires interventions in due time, taking into consideration the enormous potential impact on human health.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing bacteria (ESBL), carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae (CPE) multidrug-resistant bacteria in urinary tract infections in the County Emergency Clinical Hospital of Târgu-Mureş during 2017-2018.
Acute Drug-Allergic Tubulointerstitial Nephritis
Authors: Rădulescu Daniela
Published: April 2021

Acute drug-allergic tubulointerstitial nephrites are increasingly common conditions in current practice due to increased patient access to a variety of drugs. The clinical-biological panel associates acute renal injury with hypersensitivity phenomena. Considered classically reversible after the cessation of the incriminated drug, drug-allergic tubulointerstitial nephrites have changed their evolutionary characteristics in recent decades, even under treatment. This article presents the clinical-biological, therapeutic and evolutionary characteristics of drug-allergic tubulointerstitial nephrites.
УТИЦАЈ ПОЈЕДИНАЧНИХ ОТВОРА У РЕБРИМ СПРЕГНУТИХ НОСАЧА НА ДЕФОРМАЦИЈУ
Authors: Вукић Никола
Published: April 2021

У раду је анализиран утицај појединачних правоугаоних отвора у ребру челичног профила на угибе спрегнутих носача од челика и бетона. Параметрска анализа обухвата носаче распона 10 m и 15 m са различитим величинама и положајима укрућених и неукрућених отвора.
МЕТОДОЛОГИЈА ПРОРАЧУНА ГАБИОНСКИХ ПОТПОРНИХ ЗИДОВА ПРЕМА ЕВРОКОДУ 7
Authors: Јелић Петар
Published: April 2021

У оквиру рада објашњена је методологија прорачуна стабилности габионских потпорних зидова према еврокоду 7. Прорачун габионског зида се врши према еврокоду 7 у оквиру кога су дефинисана 3 пројектна приступа према граничним стањима носивости (STR+GEO). Прорачун стабилности габионског зида је урађен према прорачунском приступу 2*, код кога се парцијални коефицијенти наносе на силе и отпоре, али тек на крају прорачуна, тако да се он, у највећем делу, одвија применом карактеристичних вредности, као што је код нас била пракса. На деоници Косјерић – Пожега, стационаже од км 183+075 до км 205+210 (дужине 22. 135 км), Због пројектованог проширења пута и пројектоване пешачке стазе у зони раскрснице Косјерић (жел.станица), а због недостатка простора да се изведе насип, у зони ножице насипа са десне стране пута, дато је решење у виду  габионског зида. У оквиру прорачуна стабилности раде се следеће анализе: анализа стабилности потпорног зида на претурање, анализа стабилности потпорног зида на клизање, анализа напрезања тла у контактној површи,носивосттла. Прорачун је урађен ручно, као и применом софтверског пакета GEO 5. (Програм Gabion).
PRIMENA POTPORNIH KONSTRUKCIJA U ULICI BRAĆE ANĐELIĆ U SREMSKIM KARLOVCIMA
Authors: Palalić Dejan
Published: April 2021

U radu su opisani potporni zidovi, njihova podjela i namjena. Fokus je na armirano betonskim gravitacionim zidovima za koje je opisano konstruisanje. Takođe, za gravitacione zidove navedena je geostatička analiza. Zatim su u kratkim crtami opisani rezultati proje-ktovanja potpornih zidova u ulici Braće Anđelić koja se nalazi u Sremskim Karlovcima.
SAVREMENA REŠENJA IZGRADNJE SISTEMA ZA TRETMAN OTPADNIH VODA NA PRIMERU PPOV ŽITIŠTE
Authors: Nikolin Nataša
Published: April 2021

U okviru rada predstavljene su konvencionalne i savremene metode prečišćavanja otpadnih voda. Cilj rada je analiza prednosti i nedostataka savremenih metoda prečišćavanja otpadnih voda u odnosu na konvencionalne, i primena SBR metode prečišćavanja na PPOV Žitište
ELEMENATI ANIMACIJE ZA UČITAVANJE E-SADRŽAJA
Authors: Mijatović Selena , Vladić Gojko
Published: April 2021

U ovom radu su predstavljen proces izrade animacije za učitavanje e-sadržaja. Analizirani su sastavni elementi kako različite vrste, vizualni elementi, dinamičnost animacija  za učitavanje utiču na posmatrače i njihovu percepciju. Ove animacije imaju veliki značaj za obezbeđivanje prijatnijeg korišćenja internet sadržaja koji zahtevaju duže vreme učitavanja.
UTICAJ POVRŠINSKE MASE NA KVALITET OTISAKA DOBIJENIH GRAFIČKIM SISTEMOM KONICA MINOLTA C224E
Authors: Despotović Darko , Kašiković Nemanja , Lilić Ana
Published: April 2021

Štampa je delatnost koja je ljudskom društvu poznata dugi niz godina. Njen razvoj je doveo do toga da danas na raspolaganju imamo moderne oblike štape, od kojih je najznačajnija digitalna štampa. U ovom radu je posebna pažnja posvećena elektrofotografiji kao značajnom tipu digitalne štampe. Na konkretnom primeru je prikazano na koji način se vrši štampanje elektrofotografijom i na koji način se kontrolišu dobijeni rezultati.
ENTERIJER SUŠI BARA U NOVOM SADU – ISTRAŽIVANJE PRIMJENE MOBILIJARA OD BETONA
Authors: Čajević Mladenka
Published: April 2021

Cilj ovog projekta jeste postizanje najboljeg enterijerskog rješenja suši bara sa akcentom na mobilijar. Kroz istraživanje betona kao materijala, dobijene su njegove ključne osobine i proučene su njegove mogućnosti prilagođavanja enterijeru. Takođe, veliki fokus je stavljen na funkcionalnost datog rješenja, kao i ambijentalnost. Nisu upotrijebljena obilježja Japanske kulture, ali se kroz raznovrsnost materijala i čiste linije u prostoru oslikavaju karakteristike ove azijske hrane.
REALISTIČAN PRIKAZ STRUKTURE PLETENIH TKANINA
Authors: Marić Smiljana
Published: April 2021

U ovom radu je analiziran  problem kreiranja pletenih struktura za potrebe arhitektonske vizualizacije modernog enterijerа, gde se često pojavljuju tradicionalno ispletene tkanine kao dodatni elementi koji komplementarno upotpunjuju scenu. Istraživanjem su obuhvaćene različite metode za kreiranje geometrije, po­tencijalna rešenja, kao i nedostaci svake metode zasebno, kako bi se primenom alatki u programu za 3D modelo­vanje – Blenderu, dobio realističan prikaz strukture ple­tene tkanine, uz racionalan odnos utrošenog vremena i vizuelnog kvaliteta krajnjeg rezultata.
ОБЈЕКАТ МЈЕШОВИТЕ НАМЈЕНЕ – НАДОГРАДЊА РОБНЕ КУЋЕ "НОРК" У НОВОМ САДУ
Authors: Jанковић Jована
Published: April 2021

Пројекат објекта мјешовите намјене као надоградње робне куће ''Норк'' у Новом Саду настаје у циљу да се постојећем објекату и главној намјене које се налази у њему кроз надоградњу једне нове етаже и нових намајена које ће се у њој налазити добије један нови дух и нова функција објекта за будуће кориснике.
SPOLJNO UREĐENJE UNUTARBLOKOVSKIH PROSTORA U OKVIRU DVA BLOKA OPŠTINE VRAČAR
Authors: Damnjanović Višnja
Published: April 2021

Konstantna urbanizacija dovela je do sve većeg nedostatka zelenila u gradovima i pogoršanja ekoloških problema. Stvaranje prirodnog okruženja u gusto izgrađenim gradskim sredinama postalo je potreba. Ovaj rad se bavi analizom problema nastalih usled ne­dostatka pejzažno uređenih urbanih prostora, kao i pred­nostima istih. Komparativnom metodom su analizirani primeri dobre prakse širom sveta, a mogućnost primene pejzažnih rešenja u već izgrađenim gradskim strukturama prikazana je u dva gradska bloka opštine Vračar.
MULTIFUNKCIONALNA REVITALIZACIJA FABRIKE TEKSTILA „CVETA DABIĆ” U UŽICU
Authors: Bošković Nataša
Published: April 2021

Ovaj rad istražuje pojam multifunk­cionalne revitalizacije, analizirajući napušteni fabrički kompleks tekstilne industrije Cveta Dabić koja se nalazi u Užicu. Izvršena je analiza razvoja fabrike kroz istoriju nakon čega se vrši transformacija kompleksa u svrhu funkcionalne iskorišćenosti i adekvatne prenamene pros­tora. Zbog toga je prostor podeljen na nekoliko segme­nata koji su međusobno povezani. To su: sportsko- rekrе­аtivna hala, javna garaža, objekat kulture, multifunkcio­nalna tržnica, poslovni i kreativni prostor sa komerci­jalnim sadržajima i igraonica.
Dungeons & Dragons & Drama
Authors: Huk Darby
Published: April 2021

Players sit around a table. A group of adventurers pause in their pursuit of escape. Stunned, they stare at the die that just rolled poorly, resulting in the loss of a dear friend, his throat ripped out because they could not save him. The players mourn the death of a fictional character who only ever existed within the game. Dungeons & Dragons (D&D) is a popular role-playing game illustrating the interconnectedness of drama, performance, and games. My presentation will examine this relationship, identifying factors from gameplay that suggest how performance fosters success in D&D for both actual players and fictional characters. Research into dramatic theory and game theory reveals how interdisciplinary concepts such as the “magic circle”, the “lusory attitude”, and uncertainty can apply to elements of D&D (Salen and Zimmerman, Suits, Costikyan). Data collected from in-person observation of D&D sessions, coding participants’ behaviour, and watching for instances of performance (e.g. voice change, pronoun switches, or mimetic gesture), has been combined with theoretical research to determine elements that better facilitate success in the game/campaign. These elements range from emotional situations that provoke players, to forms of invitations encouraging participation (Isbister, White). I have discovered that while in theatre performance acts as a vehicle for story, in D&D the story acts as a vehicle for performance. The in-game performance often facilitates fun between players, as well as leading them to success in the game, so a campaign that maximizes theatricality will not only result in more fun, but also more success.

Works Cited

Costikyan, Greg. Uncertainty in Games. MIT Press, 2013.

Isbister, Katherine. How Games Move Us: Emotion by Design. MIT Press, 2016.

Salen, Katie, and Eric Zimmerman. Rules of Play: Game Design Fundamentals. The MIT Press, 2004.

Suits, Bernard Herbert. The Grasshopper: Games, Life, and Utopia. Broadview Press, 2014.

White, Gareth. Audience Participation in Theatre: Aesthetics of the Invitation. Springer, 2013.
Village life and Concert Hall: Is There a Connection?
Authors: Lawryshyn Diana
Published: April 2021

Ukrainian folk music has been embedded into much of the classical music we hear. Mykola Leontovych and Peter Wilhousky are credited for the ever-famous piece Carol of the Bells, an arrangement of a Ukrainian Epiphany carol called Shchedryk (Щедрик). Despite the applicability of Ukrainian folk-inspired music in our society, people are generally unaware of its origin. In fact, researcher Yakov Soroker provides evidence of Ukrainian folk inspiration in various classical pieces being misclassified as Russian, Polish, and/or Hungarian. Ukrainian classical music, for many reasons pertaining to its unstable history, is not well known outside Ukraine and, therefore, is rarely discussed. This has limited potential insights it might bring to those who have interest in its place in Western music. My research explores the influence that Ukrainian folk traditions have had on contemporary classical music. My research has come from gathering and sifting through historical literature about the origins of classical, Ukrainian classical, Ukrainian folk, and other folk music works. I have also listened to selected works and examined the critiques of experts to form conclusions about how composers today have been influenced, knowingly or otherwise, by Ukrainian folk music. Going one step further, in order to provide a deeper, practical insight into the creative process of composers who have been influenced by Ukrainian folk music, I have composed a piece of my own influenced by Ukrainian folklore.
Utter Pandemonium: Devil-Narratives in the First Edition of the Grimms' Fairy Tales
Authors: Williams Jack
Published: April 2021

This paper examines how depictions of the devil in the first edition of the Grimm Brothers’ Folk and Fairy Tales function to mitigate the spiritual anxieties which arose from the decentralization of religious authority in post-Reformation Germany. It centres upon three tales: “The Devil and his Grandmother”, “the Devil with the Three Golden Hairs”, and “The Blacksmith and the Devil”. Beginning with a brief overview of the religious climate of post-Reformation Germany and the function of devil’s-pact narratives during the Medieval period, it proceeds to examine how the Grimm tales subvert the moralizing function of their Medieval precursors. It illustrates how the tales use absurd humour to humanize the devil, making him an object of mockery rather than terror. From there, it demonstrates that, in all three tales, the protagonists’ dealing with the devil does not place their souls in jeopardy, disrupting the orthodox potential of the devil-narrative by allowing the protagonists to attain earthly rewards without the supposedly requisite spiritual punishment. Moreover, it observes that almost every instance of reward without punishment is situated within a broader narrative of the protagonists’ securing social advancement despite an oppressive social structure. Having illustrated these features, it posits that the tales’ valourization of wit and resourcefulness over moral virtue serves to both reflect and manage the existential uncertainty of a society which had rejected church authority but not religion itself. It concludes by suggesting that these tales’ depictions of the human-devil relationship offer a fascinating addition to the Miltonic and Faustian traditions.
Designing for Opera in the Scramble: Duality in Sound and Experience
Authors: Helferty Emily
Published: April 2021

There are few art forms as comprehensive and encompassing as opera. Since its conception, opera has been used to express the deepest emotions of the human experience and it has been adapted by designers in a variety of methods and degrees to speak to each generation. In this project, I have proposed the re-imagining of public spaces as opera performance spaces and studied the resulting duality of sound and experience. To explore this topic, I looked to the public spaces on Queen’s University campus for inspiration and found it where Union and University meet. The familiar “scramble” is a central location that students cross on their way to classes many times throughout the day. It is a public space, regimented by the design of traffic lights which prioritize pedestrian crossing on a dependable and predictable circuit. I propose that this location provides an opportunity for the twenty-first century opera designer to use its existing cycle to create a dynamic and unique performance space for opera. While the idea of performing opera outside of the opera house is not new, few have designed opera in a simultaneously public and dynamic space as I am proposing. This fresh approach to opera for the twenty-first century creates an experience for passer-bys and performers that is twofold: the scramble remains a public and utilitarian space meant for getting from one place to another, but it also becomes a performance space in which spectators and performers alike “play their parts”. In short, the resulting experience of sound is hearing the city and the opera simultaneously, transforming the perception of the scramble as a public space into a heightened and transcended experience.
Do Canadian Youth Use Alcohol and Cannabis as Compliments or as Substitutes?
Authors: Goodall-Halliwell Ian
Published: April 2021

It remains unclear as to whether cannabis and alcohol are used as substitutes or complements by Canadian adolescents. Since co-use of these two drugs can have a high economic and personal cost, and because of the recent legalization of recreational cannabis, it is essential to determine whether adolescents are using these drugs as compliments or substitutes. Using data from the Canadian Institute for Health Information’s National Ambulatory Care Reporting System, a quasi-experimental design was created to track hospital admissions marked with either alcohol or cannabis-related codes around the minimum legal drinking age (MLDA). There was a strong increase in alcohol admissions and a weak decrease in cannabis admissions after the MLDA. This is indicative of a weak substitution effect between cannabis and alcohol. The findings of this study mimic those of similar quasi-experimental studies done in the United States, but there is now a need to apply the same quasi-experimental design in the more liberal Canadian cannabis environment.
Universal value worldview: analysis of virtual tourist reviews
Authors: Bondareva Evgeniya Petrovna , Chistyakova Galina Victorovna
Published: April 2021

All realities of the surrounding human environment have an axiological potential, and it is generally believed that the ethnic worldviews are characterized by various evaluative dominants. This work substantiates the idea of the existence of universal value attitudes of the representatives of different locative worldviews. The object of this research is the evaluative field “Recreation”; the subject is evaluative judgments of the authors of virtual reviews about vacation on the island Hainan (China), which contain an axiological response to a particular object related to the analyzed evaluative field. The virtual tourist reviews from three locative groups (USA, Europe, Russia) served as the material for this research. The analysis was based on the field method of language description. The conducted research demonstrates that the evaluative field “Recreation” has a similar structure in the representations of native speakers of the three locative groups. The nuclear zone is represented by the thematic group “Hotel accommodation”; the near periphery is formed by the thematic groups “Service”, “Food”, “Beach recreation”; the far periphery includes evaluative judgments of the thematic groups “Activities outside the hotel”, “Landscape”, “Overall impression”, “Fauna”. Each group consists of several objects of evaluation, the axiological response to which is verbalized through evaluative predicates. As a result of studying the evaluation field “Recreation”, the author established that nationality and place of residence of a person do not impact the choice of the object of evaluation of recreation sphere; responses of the representatives of the three locations to tourist objects are very similar.
Palatally displaced and impacted canines – What is taught during postgraduate orthodontics training in Europe?
Authors: Muslim Hibatul , Naoumova Julia
Published: April 2021

Objectives:

One of the most challenging orthodontic treatments is displaced and impacted canines palatally displaced canines (PDC/PIC). The aim of this study was, therefore, to assess what postgraduate students are taught about PDC and PIC during their postgraduate orthodontic training (POT) in Europe.

Materials and Methods:

A digital survey containing 22 questions was sent to 164 POT programs in 28 European countries. Questions were asked about which interceptive and surgical treatments are taught, the advantages of different surgical procedures, and what dressing materials and X-rays are used for PIC therapy planning. Reminders were sent 4 times.

Results:

About 43% (71 POT programs) responded. Extraction of deciduous canines (76%) was the most favored interceptive treatment. A closed technique with a gingival margin flap and a gold plated chain was the most commonly taught surgical technique (69%), even though both open and closed exposure of PICs were performed in 54 postgraduate programs. Coe-Pak™ with sutures was one of the preferred dressing materials in open exposure. Active treatment was started before the canine erupted, that is, spontaneous eruption of the tooth following open exposure was not awaited by 1/3 of the respondents and 1/3 left the question unanswered. Closed exposure was more often preferred than open exposure for post-surgical, periodontal, and esthetic reasons. The most common radiographs before surgery were panoramic and intraoral radiographs. Cone-beam computed tomography was taken by half of the respondents when resorption of adjacent teeth was suspected.

Conclusion:

Extraction of deciduous canines as an interceptive approach to PDC and closed exposure of PIC were taught in most of the POT programs.
Preliminary study of articulatory characteristics in open bite subjects revealed by 3T magnetic resonance imaging movies
Authors: Ozawa Erika , Honda Ei-ichi , Tomizato Hiroshi , Kurabayashi Tohru , Nunthayanon Kulthida , Ohmori Hiroko , Shimazaki Kazuo , Ono Takashi
Published: April 2021

Objectives:

Previous studies have reported that articulatory dysfunction accompanied by a certain type of malocclusion can be improved by orthodontic treatment. We developed a 3-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) movie method with tooth visualization that can display the dynamic movement of articulation without radiation exposure. To the best of our knowledge, there is currently no report on the possible differences in articulatory movement between subjects with a normal occlusion and those with malocclusion using the 3T MRI movie method. Thus, the objective of this study was to examine the articulatory difference between subjects with a normal occlusion and those with an open bite using an MRI movie.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty healthy adult females, ten with a normal occlusion and ten with an anterior open bite were recruited. The overbite of the open bite subjects was zero or smaller, and all of them exhibited a tongue-thrusting habit during swallowing. A turbo spin echo image with a contrast medium was used to visualize the anterior teeth, and articulatory movement during articulation of the vowel-consonant-vowel syllable (/asa/) was scanned. The difference in tongue movement between subjects with a normal occlusion and those with an open bite was compared by measuring seven variables. Moreover, the distance between the incisal edge and the tongue apex during articulation of /s/ and the speech duration were compared. Furthermore, frequency analysis on /s/ by fast Fourier transform power spectrum was performed.

Results:

The tongue apex of the open bite subjects moved more anteriorly than that of the normal subjects. However, there was no significant difference in the phonetic analysis between subjects with a normal occlusion and those with an open bite.

Conclusion:

The 3-T MRI movie was an efficient method to quantify articulatory tongue movements. Although there was a difference in tongue movement during swallowing between subjects with a normal occlusion and those with an open bite, the difference in the articulatory tongue movements was minimal, suggesting it could be a functional compensation.
Early timely orthodontic treatment: Treatment of unerupted maxillary laterals
Authors: Ngan Peter , Sarraj Mohamad , AlSaty Ghaddy
Published: April 2021

There is no universal agreement as to which type of orthodontic or orthopedic treatment deserves early intervention. In addition, there is a need for more information as to which treatments are the most effective and less costly if they are initiated timely in the mixed dentition. Early timely treatment may benefit young patients with a maxillary transverse deficiency with or without a posterior crossbite that requires maxillary expansion. It may also be indicated in children with anteroposterior jaw discrepancy that requires chin cup or maxillary protraction. In this paper, the authors will focus on early maxillary expansion to facilitate the eruption of maxillary laterals. In specific, the authors will present a contemporary protocol using a bonded maxillary expander as anchorage for treatment of unerupted maxillary laterals. The use of this protocol was illustrated with two case reports to enable clinicians to routinely achieve a beautiful smile on a young patient by timely alignment of the maxillary incisors.
Stiff Person sendromlu hastanın Gordon’un fonksiyonel sağlık örüntüleri modeli doğrultusunda öz etkililik-yeterlilik durumunun incelenmesi-olgu sunumu
Authors: KURT Berna , KAPUCU Sevgisun
Published: April 2021

Stiff Person Sendromu, kaslarda rijidite, ani myoklonik sıçrama ve spazmlar ile tonik aktiviteler şeklinde seyreden otoimmün bir hastalıktır. Hasta A.K.’nin şikayetleri sol kolda kasılma şeklinde ortaya çıkmış daha sonra sağ kol ve sırt bölgesine yayılmıştır. Kasılmalar ve hareket etmekle şiddeti artan ağrılardan rahatsız olan hasta günlük işlerini yapamayacak duruma gelmiştir. Hastanın dış merkezde yapılan tetkiklerinde Glutamik Dekarboksilaz enzim seviyesi yüksek çıkmıştır. Bu olgu sunumunda Stiff Person Sendromlu bir hastanın, Gordon’un fonksiyonel sağlık örüntüleri modelinden yararlanarak hemşirelik bakım planı sunulmuştur. Bu olguya göre; ‘’ağrı’’, ‘’uyku örüntüsünde bozulma’’, ‘’beden gereksinimden az beslenme‘’, ‘’öz bakım eksikliği’’, ‘’beden imgesinde bozulma’’, ‘’fiziksel harekette bozulma’’, ‘’fonksiyonel inkontinans’’ tanıları ele alınmış ve tanılara yönelik girişimler yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak; bu vakayla oldukça nadir görülen Stiff Person Sendromlu bireyin sistematik ve bütüncül değerlendirilmesi ile sendroma ilişkin farkındalık oluşması ve kanıt temelli planlanan çalışmalara yol gösterici olacağı düşünülmektedir.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF SPRINGBACK OF LOCALLY HEATED ADVANCED-HIGH STRENGTH STEELS
Authors: Eyercioglu Omer , Alacaci Sevket , Aladag Mehmet
Published: April 2021

Sheet metal bending is one of the important metals forming processes at ambient temperature. The usage of high-strength steel is one of the stronger materials for the construction of components in the automotive industries. However, for complex shapes, cold forming is not always sufficient, and heating the workpiece plays a major role in manufacturing these shapes. Bendability may increase with increasing forming temperature and currently, hot forming of advanced high strength steels (AHSS) is becoming more attractive. While hot forming of AHSS is beneficial for high formability, subsequent quenching is required to maintain final strength. This procedure extends the production time. In this study, temperature gradients, bending loads, and springback after V-bending were investigated. The experimental study was carried out on a 2 mm thick Docol 1500M steel at various temperatures by using a speed-controlled servo press machine. The bending regions of the specimens were locally heated to 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600oC by using a high-frequency induction heating device. The results show that; punch loads were significantly lowered with increasing the local heating temperature during bending. There were no cracks observed on the specimens. The amount of spring back is decreasing with the bending temperature and around 500oC almost no springback was measured. Negative spring back was observed for the bending temperatures higher than 500oC
Perspective of E-Waste in Concrete: A review
Authors: Devi Kiran , Kumar Amit
Published: April 2021

In this digital era, usage of electric and electronic devices has become the need of people. Evolution of technology triggers the adoption of new devices over old and discarded appliances turned into the electronic wastes also termed as e-waste/s. E-waste from any source has become a major concern to the society. The disposal of these wastes into the landfills causes many hazardous impacts to the ecosystem. As a promising solution construction industry can utilize the e-wastes effectively. The wastes may be used either as fine filler or aggregates in concrete and bituminous based constructions efficiently. Usage of waste/s conserves the natural resources also. Present study magnifies the scenario of application of electronic wastes in different forms i.e., plastic, metal etc. in bituminous and concrete based mixtures. A critical review has been carried the effects of electronic wastes in concrete and bituminous mixes and findings confirm the praxis of electronic wastes is possible within certain limits.
A Study of Fabrication Technique, Structural and Morphological Behavior of Polypropylene Reinforced with Short Natural Fiber Banana
Authors: ISLAM NAZRUL , GAFUR M A , KHAN AMIR HOSSAIN
Published: April 2021

With regard to the environmental aspect it would be very interesting if natural fibers like banana, jute, and coir could be used instead of artificial fibers and synthetic products as reinforcement in some applications. Banana .Natural fibers have many advantages compared to other man made fibers. The natural fiber composites may be used in everyday applications such as lampshades, suitcases, paperweight, helmets, shower and bath units.  Polypropylene composites were fabricated with untreated and alkali treated jute fiber with 10-25% loading of fiber by weight and were designated at Polypropylene Banana Composite (PPBC). The composites of biodegradable Polypropylene (PP) reinforced with short jute natural fiber was prepared by melt mixing followed by hot press molding. The micro structural analysis and morphologies of the composites were studied via infrared spectroscopy (IR) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques respectively. The extensive application of infrared spectroscopy is mainly due to the concept of group vibration. Any structural change like substitution or addition of groups or atoms in a molecule affects the relative mode of vibration of the group. This causes change in IR spectral band position, change in relative intensities and appearance of new bands and disappearance of any band and splitting of a single band into two or more bands. Infrared spectroscopy can also be used to increase the utility of fiber. It deals with the interaction of infrared light with matter. The former can indicate the presence of functional groups qualitatively and the latter can provide a semi quantitative measure of their concentrations. Electron Microscopy is most widely used to obtain information regarding the morphology of fiber surfaces, especially SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy). Using SEM, it is easy to determine the differences of fiber surface topography after and before treatment, and hence the formation of fiber polymer composites. Fiber deboning was also observed for untreated and treated fiber pp matrix composite. It reveals that bonding between the fiber and the matrix at the interface may be improved. These indicate that there are some kinds of interfacial contact between fiber and pp matrix due to fiber treatment. The SEM can have a magnification range from a few times to several hundred thousand times.
Comparative Analysis of Steel Plates and PLA Used for Joint Repair in Humans and Canines
Authors: Zhu Yi , Wang Yibo , Yang Fan , Yue Hao
Published: April 2021

The exploration of fracture internal fixation materials has been one of the research hotspots in the field of biomedical materials. The traditional internal fixation material for fracture is metal fixation. Although its mechanical strength is very large, it can not be degraded and absorbed in human body after implantation of human body or canine joint, which requires a secondary operation to remove, which not only brings pain to patients, but also causes economic pay.[1] Therefore, the development of a biodegradable fracture internal fixation material has become the goal of many researchers. Polylactic acid (PLA) is nontoxic and harmless, has good biocompatibility and strong mechanical properties. It can be degraded in vivo after implantation. The degradation products are CO2 and H2O.[2] For the study of the feasibility of polylactic acid as a substitute for common fracture fixation materials ,18 northern Chinese pastoral dogs were randomly divided into blank group, PLA group and plate group. The data were recorded according to the Wakitani score from the first week to the fifteenth week after operation. First, all the indexes were divided into two categories by principal component analysis [3], then the blank group, steel plate group and PLA group were fitted and compared. Finally, it is concluded that PLA is more beneficial to joint repair than steel plate.
Dreams about an Overcome Boundary: Street Children, Venders, Urban Political Regimes in “Wars of Memories” about the City of the “Nineties”
Authors: Timoshkin D.O.
Published: April 2021

The article analyzes the images of the Irkutsk city center in the memories of the representatives of two marginal groups — street children and venders, who lived and worked there from 1999 to 2006, as well as its mo dern images in the public statements of the urban elites. The aim of the study is to identify the functions that the city center performed during the years of deep social transformations and to reveal why today one wants to forget about it as soon as possible. The author argues that the places mentioned by the respondents and the actions performed in those places largely shaped the current ideas about the period of social chaos in the “post-Soviet” city — a period of uncertainty, violence and fear. Today, these places and functions are mostly memories, which are gradually being replaced by the simplified and emotionally rich myths about the past that are being broadcast by the urban political regimes. The latter displace marginal groups from the center and change the places they previously occupied, simultaneously altering the collective memory associated with these places. The article puts forward and justifies a hypothesis that starting from the mid-1990s and almost until the end of the 2000s these territories were used by the majority of citizens as an extra-institutional interface necessary for connecting to the city resource node. This function has become the primary cause of fierce conflicts, during which numerous enforcers tried to establish a monopoly on the collection of rents from the human and resource flows concentrated there. The image of the center as a deviant place was constructed simultaneously by the urban regimes and marginal groups: the former used it as a weapon in the struggle for the “right to the city,” the latter associated it with the collective trauma they had experienced.
Miracle as Theological Paradigm of Sovereign Power
Authors: Yarkeev A.V.
Published: April 2021

The article justifies the approach to the essence of sovereign power from the point of view of the Western Christian theological paradigm. In this regard, the author considers the “miraculous” aspect of the power of the sovereign, derived from the idea of the absolute power of God, whose volitional decision is capable of limiting/suspending the operation of natural laws in the manifested form of a miracle. In the most general sense, a miracle is understood as a divine act that is extraordinary (exceptional) in nature, an act that interrupts the usual phenomenological series, proclaims the will of God and has the property of “salvation”. Thus, the theological concept of a miracle turns out to be a paradigm of secular sovereign power, based on the exclusive right to decide on a state of emergency. The concept of sovereignty, which includes the notion of the absoluteness and indivisibility of the supreme power, has a theological origin, since absolute power can only be an attribute of an absolute being, that is, God. The secularization and politicization of theological concepts build sovereign power on the basis of the equality between the sovereign and God, giving the state ruler the place that God occupied in the universe. The personified image of the sovereign represents a logically necessary completion of the hierarchical system of power. The transformation of the monarchic principle of sovereign power into the people’s democratic one leads to the formation of an administrative-bureaucratic state, where the criterion of sovereignty is not legitimacy, but the effectiveness of managerial actions, which involves the permanent use of emergency measures. The “salvation” of God’s miraculous actions finds its manifestation in the “salvific” purpose of emergency measures aimed at ensuring public safety by preventing fictitious threats. The totalization of the threat establishes a mode of functioning of the sovereign power, which within an exception to the law (“a miracle”) becomes equal to the law.
Process and Relation: Origins of the Autonomist Theory of Individuation
Authors: Tinus N.N.
Published: April 2021

Any political theory is built on the foundation of a certain ontology, an integral part of which is the problem of an individual. For a long time, the ontological primacy in the European thought was attached to the concept of an individual that was understood as a complete and selfsufficient unit. However, today one can talk about the growing popularity of the approach that views an individual as a relative reality in a state of continuous formation i.e., the process of individuation. This approach is developed by the Italian intellectuals, whose general ideological view is known as autonomism (P.Virno, M.Lazzarato, A.Negri etc.). The article examines the origins of the theory of individuation and its political implications within the autono mist thought. The first part of the article examines the ways of representing an individual in the ontologies of B.Spinoza and G.Simondon. The author demonstrates that the procedural and relational understanding of an individual proposed by these philosophers contributes to bridging the gap between the collective and the individual not only in politics, but also in thinking. An individual is a consequence of the concretization of the general and retains a connection with it. The second part analyzes the psychological and linguistic aspects of individuation, elaborated in L.Vygotsky’s psychology and M.Bakhtin’s philosophy of dialogue. Individuation is interpreted as a movement from the social to the individual, carried out with the help of various tools, primarily by the means of the language. The author evaluates the reception of these thinkers’ ideas in the context of autonomism. The author concludes that the autonomist concept of individuation is a synthetic theory that brings together the general aspects of the consi dered above schools of thought into a single perspective. In fact, the concept is a large-scale revision of the ontological and anthropological foundations of thinking about politics. Its goal is to destroy the idea of a “sovereign individual”, which was born within the liberal tradition, and, as a consequence, to liberate the sphere of the collective from the control of capital.
Determination of optimum blood meal level for performance of broilers under Sudan condition
Authors: Sami Ahmed Mohammad Arabi  , Reem Adam Ibrahim Adam
Published: April 2021

Different unconventional feed stuffs are used in poultry production to decrease ration cost and the environmental, nutritional and economic benefits derived from the maximal utilization of animal blood. This study was established to assess the effect of feed partially replaced dried blood content supplemented on growth performance responses and carcass. In a feeding trial, 240 commercial broiler chicks a day old, with an average starting weight of 48.40± 1.50 g, Lehmann breed unsexed commercial broiler were randomly allocated to one of four dietary treatments in a completely randomized design. The dietary treatments consisted of the control diet, and three diets which contained varying levels of Sun-dried blood meals SDBM (3, 4 and 5 %) respectively. The experimental diets were formulated to be both isonitrgenous (22.5% CP) and isocaloric (3.10 Mcal /kg). Feed and water were provided adlibitum for a period of 6 weeks. Data for the entire 42 days growth assay indicate the concentration of SDBM in the diet had impact on feed intake. However, birds fed SDBM at 3 or 5% had better weight gains and feed efficiency (p < 0.05) than birds fed 4% SDBM and the SDBM free diet. Carcass yields were similar. Mortality was also unaffected by dietary treatments. In addition, Analysis of productive parameters indicated that dietary SDBM up to 5% had a positive effect on growth performance and that partial replacement of protein sources (blood meal and groundnut cake) with SDBM was possible.
Prophylactic antimalarial effects of Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf (Poaceae) in a mouse model of Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection: normalisation of haematological and serum biochemical status
Authors: Raymond Bess Bila  , Germain Sotoing Taiwe  , David Denis Feugaing Sofeu  , Orelien Sylvain Mtopi Bopda  , Hart Mann Alain Youbi Mambou  , Seraphin Nji Ombel Musa  , Liliane Laure Toukam  , Helen Kuokuo Kimbi
Published: April 2021

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf (Poaceae) is a medicinal plant known for its antimalarial, antipyretic and antifatigue activities in Cameroonian folk medicine. Aim of the study: The aim of this work was to evaluate the prophylactic antimalarial effects of the decoction prepared from the leaves of Cymbopogon citratus on Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection in mice and investigate its action on haematological and serum biochemical status. Materials and methods: Swiss mice were treated with Cymbopogon citratus leaf decoction (25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) and later inoculated with Plasmodium berghei ANKA. The prophylactic antimalarial activity of the decoction was evaluated by determining the parasitaemia, percentage chemosuppression, body weight, body temperature, food and water intake in pretreated parasitised mice. The possible ameliorative effects of the decoction on malaria associated haematological and serum biochemical changes were also assessed. Results: The decoction exhibited a prophylactic activity of 85.32% and its chemotherapeutic effects ranged from 56.88 – 85.32% with maximum effect observed at the highest experimental dose. It significantly inhibited parasitaemia (P < 0.001) compared to the negative control group. Interestingly, treatment of parasitised mice with the decoction significantly restored the malaria modified haematological and biochemical status compared with distilled water-treated parasitised mice. Conclusion: The results of this prophylactic assay indicated that Cymbopogon citratus decoction has antimalarial effects and normalised haematological and serum biochemical aberrations generated by malaria. Hence, Cymbopogon citratus represents a promising source of new antimalarial agents.
Immunological and hematological effects of Irvingia gabonensis stem bark in sodium arsenite-exposed rats
Authors: Efosa Godwin Ewere  , Ngozi Paulinus Okolie  , Jessie Idongesit Ndem  , Samson Adewale Oyebadejo
Published: April 2021

This study investigated the effect of ethanol stem bark extract of Irvingia gabonensis (ESEIG) on sodium arsenite (SA)-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines and hematological perturbations in Wistar rats. Fifty-five Wistar rats weighing 100 g - 179 g were distributed into eleven groups (n=5). Group 1 had feed and water only. Group 2 received 4.1 mg/kg body weight (kgbw) of SA. Groups 3-11 received SA and/or ESEIG. Treatment was done orally for 14 days. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-4 (IL-4) concentrations, hemoglobin (HB) concentration, red blood cell (RBC) count, packed cell volume (PCV), mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean cell hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), white blood cell (WBC) count and its differentials and platelet (PLT) count were used to investigate the immunological and hematological effects of ESEIG. Exposure to SA produced significant (p ˂ 0.05) increases in hepatic IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-10 and IL-4 concentrations relative to control. Administration of SA also caused significant (p ˂ 0.05) decreases in HB, RBC, PCV, MCHC, MCH, MCV and PLT and significant (p ˂ 0.05) increases in WBC, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and neutrophils compared with control. Treatment with ESEIG concomitantly and 2 weeks after SA exposure, mitigated the deleterious effect of SA. However, ESEIG alone at various doses caused significant (p ˂ 0.05) increases in some of the assayed parameters, compared with control. These results imply that ESEIG may be protective against SA-induced inflammation and hematological derangements in Wistar rats. Its exclusive administration on chronic basis may also be slightly toxic.