bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLICACIONES DEL DOLOR CRÓNICO EN LA CALIDAD DE VIDA DE MUJERES CON FIBROMIALGIA
Authors: Sanabria Mazo Juan Pablo , Gers Mariana
Published: September 2018

El objetivo de esta investigación fue comprender las implicaciones del dolor crónico en la calidad de vida de un grupo de mujeres diagnosticadas con fibromialgia. Para ello, se realizó un estudio cualitativo de diseño fenomenológico interpretativo en el que participaron 15 mujeres, con edades comprendidas entre los 23 y los 60 años. El análisis de los datos se realizó con el apoyo del programa Atlas.Ti. Los resultados indican que la intensidad de los síntomas, la interferencia del dolor crónico en actividades cotidianas, las alteraciones emocionales y las cogniciones negativas influyeron en su vida personal, familiar, social y laboral. Las estrategias de afrontamiento que asumieron las participantes facilitaron u obstaculizaron la aceptación de la enfermedad. Se concluye que el impacto de la fibromialgia en la calidad de vida depende más de las estrategias de afrontamiento que de los síntomas de la enfermedad. Las redes de apoyo facilitan el desarrollo de estrategias activas para afrontar la enfermedad.
“PAPAI NÃO TEM LEITE!” CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE O HOLDING PATERNO NA DEPENDÊNCIA ABSOLUTA
Authors: Santos Carine Valéria Mendes dos , Antúnez Andrés Eduardo Aguirre
Published: September 2018

Considerando a emergência de uma postura paterna afetivamente implicada nos cuidados diários demandados no período da dependência absoluta, este artigo tem o objetivo de analisar a possibilidade de constituição do holding paterno nos cuidados diretos oferecidos ao bebê. Dessa forma, apresenta-se um estudo de caso construído a partir das observações das interações de uma díade pai-bebê, realizadas no primeiro trimestre de idade da criança, e de duas entrevistas (pré e pós-nascimento) realizadas com o pai. Empreendeu-se uma análise de conteúdo do material que fomentou uma discussão psicanalítica e psicossocial sobre a possibilidade de constituição do holding paterno capaz de introduzir, na subjetividade do bebê, elementos de diversidade: sensoriais e perceptivos; psicoafetivos; e espaço-temporais. As elaborações apontam a possibilidade de ampliação de aspectos constitutivos do holding a partir da inserção dos cuidados diretos oferecidos ao bebê pelo pai; a necessidade de adaptação e flexibilização da teoria winnicottiana frente às dinâmicas relacionais apresentadas nas famílias contemporâneas; e a necessidade de legitimação do pai como um cuidador durante o ciclo gravídico-puerperal.
INVISIBILIDADE DAS MULHERES TRABALHADORAS RURAIS: AS PRODUÇÕES CIENTÍFICAS DA PSICOLOGIA NO BRASIL
Authors: Marques Gabriela da Silva , Quaresma da Silva Denise Regina
Published: September 2018

Este estudo qualitativo, do tipo exploratório, descritivo e bibliográfico, trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre o trabalho da mulher no meio rural, publicado em artigos científicos no Brasil no período de 2006 a 2016 na base de dados BVS-Psi, objetivando descrever o que estas produções exploram em relação a estas mulheres. Utilizaram-se os termos de busca “trabalhadoras rurais” e “mulheres rurais”, sendo a análise dos dados  por conteúdo (Bardin, 2011). Os principais achados destacam que a participação das mulheres rurais nas manifestações sociais potencializaram as suas conquistas, bem como evidenciam as preocupações referentes à saúde da trabalhadora rural, em que os/as pesquisadores/as  relatam as consequências psíquicas e físicas resultantes da intensificação do trabalho rural paralelo ao doméstico. Conclui-se que somente desde 2013 o número de publicações acerca do tema tem aumentado, sendo os/as pesquisadores da região Sul do Brasil os/as que mais publicam a temática, que foi pesquisada em somente nove das 27 unidades federativas do País, o que aponta para uma invisibilidade das mulheres trabalhadoras rurais nas pesquisas publicadas nesta base de dados, neste período.
Images in clinical medicine: gouty arthritis with osteomyelitis
Authors: Scipioni Rosa , Frate Luciano , Di Tomasso Valentino , Saltarelli Michele , Carubbi Francesco , Petrarca Marco
Published: September 2018

Gout is one of the most common inflammatory arthropathies, characterized by the deposition of monosodium urate crystals in the synovial membrane, articular cartilage and periarticular tissues and leading to inflammation. The natural history of articular gout is typically composed of four periods: asymptomatic hyperuricemia, episodes of acute attacks of gout (acute gouty arthritis) with asymptomatic intervals (intercritical gout), and chronic tophaceous gout. Tophi develop in 12-35% of gouty patients without adequate control of uricemia. Initially, they do not cause significant complaints or function limitation of the nearby joints. However, if they become larger, joint instability and movement range limitation, joint function impairment and bone erosions and infection at the sites of their penetration can develop.We report a case of a poorly controlled polyarticular tophaceous gout complicated by osteomyelitis.
The role of a missional social entrepreneurial church in a township community
Authors: Manyaka-Boshielo Semape J.
Published: September 2018

This article explores the role of a missional social entrepreneurial church in the community. This kind of church exists in the community to be the light and the salt as stated in Matthew 5:13, 14, which says, ‘you are the salt of the earth …’ and ‘you are the light of the world …’ These two metaphors might teach us more about the role of the church in all communities. The missional social entrepreneurial church has to play a role in bringing a holistic transformation in the world. Holistic transformation should affect the human spirit, mind, and emotional, physical, social, political and economic spheres as the word ‘holistic’ suggests. The church should influence the community in a comprehensive way. The author is convinced that if the church can play its role, then a holistic transformation is truly possible.
Misadventure in Muirhouse. Hiv Infection: A Modern Plague and Persisting Public Health Problem
Authors: Robertson R
Published: September 2018

This story is of particular interest and importance to Edinburgh and Scottish medicine. It describes the events in one general medical practice in Edinburgh, the Muirhouse Medical Group, and their impact and relationship to the AIDS pandemic. For many, the origin of HIV in the UK is now history. Since the introduction of HIV/AIDS into the intravenous illegal drug using community, much has changed but problems remain that should concern policy makers and clinicians. Reflections on the recent history of the HIV epidemic among drug users in the UK provide important insights into risks for current policy making and the potentially problematic direction that policy has taken. Rather than starting from a pragmatic baseline of harm minimisation, with its low cost, high impact, prevention approach, the emphasis, and consequently the resources, has been on a model of recovery which fails to acknowledge the fragile control maintained by early intervention and supporting treatments.

In 2015, the re-emergence of HIV in a vulnerable inner city population of people who inject drugs highlighted a policy failure. An ongoing epidemic could and should have been prevented, as should several other recent epidemics of other viral or bacterial infections in urban populations in Scotland.

The story of HIV is full of controversy, denial, prejudice and stigma. At all levels across the world from national presidents, governments and public opinion, progress has been impeded by these problems. People using drugs have an additional set of problems: criminality, poverty and marginalisation from education and the supports of main stream society. These continue to hamper efforts to improve lives and prevent disease
Sobre a dialética entre capital, direito e educação e a necessidade de superação da ideologia jurídica
Authors: Carvalho de Oliveira Diogo Mariano , Sobral da Silva Maia Jorge
Published: September 2018

Diante de transformações sociais fugazes e de graduais fissuras nos arranjos sociais contemporâneos, a presente pesquisa entende urgente o agenciamento de perspectivas e proposições críticas que principiem a apreensão efetiva desses novos fenômenos e que ensejem o prelúdio de uma abertura ontológica a novas formas de vida e de sociabilidade, esteando-se, para tanto, na breve tentativa de uma análise dialético-materialista do conceito de trabalho, direito e educação, a fim de que seja possível repensar efetivamente a produção concreta desses conceitos. Nesse sentido, a presente pesquisa propõe algumas considerações sobre os conceitos em questão, a fim de apresentar, a partir de uma dada perspectiva teórica e metodológica, uma leitura que suscite tanto o conteúdo efetivo desses conceitos quanto, consequentemente, em formas de repensá-los. Dessa maneira, o objetivo do trabalho é elucidar os conceitos elencados, mas também demonstrar criticamente a necessidade e a possibilidade da superação de seus atuais conteúdos. Para tanto, propõe-se que essa superação depende, essencialmente, da capacidade de se repensar os efeitos da ideologia jurídica, assim como de superar o atual bloco histórico, através da articulação de disputas hegemônicas que rompam ontologicamente com o atual estado de coisas e inaugurem uma nova forma de vida.
Werken in de nieuwe industriële revolutie Verwachtingen van werkgevers in de techniek over de werknemer van de toekomst
Authors: Corporaal Stephan , Vos Menno , van Riemsdijk Maarten , de Vries Sjiera
Published: September 2018

Smart Industry - de vierde industriële revolutie - gaat volgens veel publicaties de inhoud van werk razendsnel en drastisch veranderen. De veel geponeerde stelling is dat de samensmelting van allerlei technologische ontwikkelingen op het gebied van o. a. automatisering, optica
en big data deze veranderingen in werk in een stroomversnelling brengen. In dit artikel maken we die veranderingen concreter door te beschrijven hoe volgens werkgevers uit de technische sector werk de komende vijf jaar gaat veranderen en wat dat voor gevolgen heeft voor de competenties van
de medewerker van de toekomst. Ons onderzoek laat zien dat werkgevers in zowel de grote high-tech industry als het mkb veel en snelle veranderingen in werk zien aankomen. Zij beschrijven een toenemende complexiteit in machines en productieprocessen, toenemende onvoorspelbaarheid, een steeds
verdergaande samenwerking binnen de keten, robotisering en automatisering van productielijnen, fors toegenomen mogelijkheden voor productie-op-maat, nieuwe manieren van organiseren en wijzigende businessmodellen. Volgens de werkgevers vereist dit werk een technicus die nog steeds een uitstekende
kennisbasis heeft en expert is in zijn vakgebied, maar daarnaast een stevige bedrijfskundige blik heeft, in staat is om samen te werken met technici vanuit andere disciplines en zichzelf continu blijft ontwikkelen om te kunnen blijven omgaan met nieuwe technologie. Onderwijs en bedrijfsleven
hebben samen de taak om deze technicus van de toekomst op te leiden.
Technical note: How are NH3 dry deposition estimates affected by combining the LOTOS-EUROS model with IASI-NH3 satellite observations?
Authors: van der Graaf Shelley C. , Dammers Enrico , Schaap Martijn , Erisman Jan Willem
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Atmospheric levels of reactive
nitrogen have increased substantially during the last century resulting in
increased nitrogen deposition to ecosystems, causing harmful effects such as
soil acidification, reduction in plant biodiversity and eutrophication in
lakes and the ocean. Recent developments in the use of atmospheric remote
sensing enabled us to resolve concentration fields of NH3 with larger
spatial coverage. These observations may be used to improve the
quantification of NH3 deposition. In this paper, we use a relatively
simple, data-driven method to derive dry deposition fluxes and surface
concentrations of NH3 for Europe and for the Netherlands. The aim of
this paper is to determine the applicability and the limitations of this
method for NH3. Space-born observations of the Infrared Atmospheric
Sounding Interferometer (IASI) and the LOTOS-EUROS atmospheric transport
model are used. The original modelled dry NH3 deposition flux from
LOTOS-EUROS and the flux inferred from IASI are compared to indicate areas
with large discrepancies between the two. In these areas, potential model or
emission improvements are needed. The largest differences in derived dry
deposition fluxes occur in large parts of central Europe, where the
satellite-observed NH3 concentrations are higher than the modelled
ones, and in Switzerland, northern Italy (Po Valley) and southern Turkey,
where the modelled NH3 concentrations are higher than the
satellite-observed ones. A sensitivity analysis of eight model input parameters
important for NH3 dry deposition modelling showed that the
IASI-derived dry NH3 deposition fluxes may vary from ∼ 20 %
up to ∼50 % throughout Europe. Variations in the NH3 dry
deposition velocity led to the largest deviations in the IASI-derived dry
NH3 deposition flux and should be focused on in the future. A
comparison of NH3 surface concentrations with in situ measurements of
several established networks – the European
Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP), Meetnet Ammoniak in
Natuurgebieden (MAN) and Landelijk Meetnet Luchtkwaliteit (LML) – showed no significant or
consistent improvement in the IASI-derived NH3 surface concentrations
compared to the originally modelled NH3 surface concentrations from
LOTOS-EUROS. It is concluded that the IASI-derived NH3 deposition
fluxes do not show strong improvements compared to modelled NH3
deposition fluxes and there is a future need for better, more robust, methods
to derive NH3 dry deposition fluxes.
Cloud geometry from oxygen-A band observations through an aircraft side window
Authors: Zinner Tobias , Schwarz Ulrich , Kölling Tobias , Ewald Florian , Jäkel Evelyn , Mayer Bernhard , Wendisch Manfred
Published: September 2018

Abstract. During the ACRIDICON-CHUVA aircraft campaign in September 2014 over the Amazon, among other topics aerosol effects on the development of cloud microphysical profiles during the burning season were studied. Hyperspectral remote sensing with the imaging spectrometer specMACS provided cloud microphysical information for sun-illuminated cloud sides. In order to derive profiles of phase or effective radius from cloud side observations vertical location information is indispensable. For this purpose, spectral measurements of cloud side reflected radiation in the oxygen-A absorption band collected by specMACS were used to determine absorption path length between cloud sides and the instrument aboard the aircraft. From these data horizontal distance and eventually vertical height were derived. It is shown that, depending on aircraft altitude and sensor viewing direction, an unambiguous relationship of absorption and distance exists and can be used to retrieve cloud geometrical parameters. A comparison to distance and height information from stereo image analysis (using data of an independent camera) demonstrates the efficiency of the approach. Uncertainty estimates due to method, instrument and environmental factors are provided by the method. Main sources of uncertainty are unknown in-cloud absorption path contributions due to complex 3D geometry or unknown microphysical properties, variable surface albedo and aerosol distribution. A systematic difference of 3.8 km between stereo and spectral method is found which can be attributed to 3D geometry effects not considered in the methods simplified cloud model. If this offset is considered, typical differences found are 1.6 km for distance and 230 m for vertical position at a tpyical distance around 20 km between sensor and convective cloud elements of typically 1–10 km horizontal and vertical extent.
Greenhouse gas production in degrading ice-rich permafrost deposits in northeastern Siberia
Authors: Walz Josefine , Knoblauch Christian , Tigges Ronja , Opel Thomas , Schirrmeister Lutz , Pfeiffer Eva-Maria
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Permafrost deposits have been a sink for atmospheric carbon for millennia.
Thaw-erosional processes, however, can lead to rapid degradation of ice-rich
permafrost and the release of substantial amounts of organic carbon (OC). The
amount of the OC stored in these deposits and their potential to be
microbially decomposed to the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide (CO2) and
methane (CH4) depends on climatic and environmental conditions during
deposition and the decomposition history before incorporation into the
permafrost. Here, we examine potential greenhouse gas production as a result of degrading
ice-rich permafrost deposits from three locations in the northeastern Siberian
Laptev Sea region. The deposits span a period of about 55 kyr from the last
glacial period and Holocene interglacial. Samples from all three locations
were incubated under aerobic and anaerobic conditions for 134 days at 4 ∘C. Greenhouse gas production was generally higher in deposits
from glacial periods, where 0.2 %–6.1 % of the initially available OC was
decomposed to CO2. In contrast, only 0.1 %–4.0 % of initial OC
was decomposed in permafrost deposits from the Holocene and the late glacial
transition. Within the deposits from the Kargin interstadial period (Marine
Isotope Stage 3), local depositional environments, especially soil moisture,
also affected the preservation of OC. Sediments deposited under wet
conditions contained more labile OC and thus produced more greenhouse gases
than sediments deposited under drier conditions. To assess the greenhouse gas
production potentials over longer periods, deposits from two locations were
incubated for a total of 785 days. However, more than 50 % of total
CO2 production over 785 days occurred within the first 134 days under
aerobic conditions, while 80 % were produced over the same period under
anaerobic conditions, which emphasizes the nonlinearity of the OC
decomposition processes. Methanogenesis was generally observed in active
layer samples but only sporadically in permafrost samples and was several
orders of magnitude smaller than CO2 production.
The effect of bias adjustment on impact modeling
Authors: Zscheischler Jakob , Fischer Erich M. , Lange Stefan
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Bias adjustment is often a necessity in estimating climate impacts because impact models usually rely on unbiased climate information, a requirement that climate model output rarely fulfills. Most currently used statistical bias adjustment methods adjust each climate variable separately, even though impacts usually depend on multiple, potentially dependent variables. Human heat stress, for instance, depends on temperature and relative humidity, two variables that are often strongly correlated. Whether univariate bias adjustment methods effectively improve estimates of impacts that depend on multiple drivers is largely unknown, and the lack of long-term impact data prevents a direct comparison between model output and observations for many climate related impacts. Here we use two hazard indicators, heat stress and a simple fire risk indicator, as proxies for more sophisticated impact models. We show that univariate bias adjustment methods such as univariate quantile mapping often cannot effectively reduce biases in multivariate hazard estimates. In some cases, it even increases biases. These cases typically occur (i) when hazards depend equally strongly on more than one climatic driver, (ii) when models exhibit biases in the dependence structure of drivers, and (iii) when univariate biases are relatively small. Using a perfect model approach, we further quantify the uncertainty of bias-adjusted hazard indicators due to internal variability and show how inadequate bias adjustment can amplify this uncertainty. Both issues can be addressed successfully with a statistical bias adjustment that corrects the multivariate dependence structure in addition to the marginal distributions of the climate drivers. Our results suggest that currently many modelled climate impacts are associated with substantial uncertainties associated with the choice of bias adjustment. We conclude that, as long as bias adjustment is unavoidable for climate impact assessments, the use of statistical bias adjustment approaches that correct the multivariate dependence structure of drivers is preferable.
Deriving a dataset for agriculturally relevant soils from the Soil Landscapes of Canada (SLC) database for use in Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) simulations
Authors: Cordeiro Marcos R. C. , Lelyk Glenn , Kröbel Roland , Legesse Getahun , Faramarzi Monireh , Masud Mohammad Badrul , McAllister Tim
Published: September 2018

Abstract. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model has been commonly used in
Canada for hydrological and water quality simulations. However,
preprocessing of critical data such as soils information can be laborious
and time-consuming. The objective of this work was to preprocess the Soil
Landscapes of Canada (SLC) database to offer a country-level soils dataset in
a format ready to be used in SWAT simulations. A two-level screening process
was used to identify critical information required by SWAT and to remove
records with information that could not be calculated or estimated. Out of
the 14 063 unique soil records in the SLC, 11 838 records with complete
information were included in the dataset presented here. Important variables
for SWAT simulations that are not reported in the SLC database (e.g., hydrologic soils groups (HSGs) and erodibility factor (K)) were calculated
from information contained within the SLC database. These calculations, in
fact, represent a major contribution to enabling the present dataset to be
used for hydrological simulations in Canada using SWAT and other comparable
models. Analysis of those variables indicated that 21.3 %, 24.6 %,
39.0 %, and 15.1 % of the soil records in Canada belong to HSGs 1, 2,
3, and 4, respectively. This suggests that almost two-thirds of the soil
records have a high (i.e., HSG 4) or relatively high (i.e., HSG 3) runoff
generation potential. A spatial analysis indicated that 20.0 %, 26.8 %, 36.7 %, and
16.5 % of soil records belonged to HSG 1, HSG 2, HSG 3, and HSG 4,
respectively. Erosion potential, which is inherently linked to the
erodibility factor (K), was associated with runoff potential in important
agricultural areas such as southern Ontario and Nova Scotia. However,
contrary to initial expectations, low or moderate erosion potential was found
in areas with high runoff potential, such as regions in southern Manitoba
(e.g., Red River Valley) and British Columbia (e.g., Peace River watershed).
This dataset will be a unique resource to a variety of research communities
including hydrological, agricultural, and water quality modelers and is
publicly available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.877298.
Depth-to-Bedrock Map of China at a Spatial Resolution of 100 Meters
Authors: Yan Fapeng , Shangguan Wei , Zhang Jing , Hu Bifeng
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Depth to bedrock serves as the lower boundary of soil, which influences or controls many of the Earth’s physical and chemical processes. It plays important roles in geology, hydrology, land surface processes, civil engineering, and other related fields. This paper describes the materials and methods to produce a high-resolution (100 m) depth-to-bedrock map of China. Observations were interpreted from borehole log data (ca. 6,382 locations) sampled from the Chinese National Important Geological Borehole Database. To fill in large sampling gaps, additional pseudo-observations generated based on expert knowledge were added. Then, we overlaid the training points on a stack of 133 covariates including climatic images, DEM-derived parameters, land-cover and land-use maps, MODIS surface reflectance bands, vegetation index images, and the Harmonized World Soil Database. Spatial prediction models were developed using the random forests and gradient boosting tree, and ensemble prediction results were then obtained by these two independently fitted models. Finally, uncertainty estimation was generated by the quantile regression forest model. The 10-fold cross-validation showed that the ensemble models explain 57 % of the variation in depth to bedrock. Based on comparison with depth-to-bedrock maps of China extracted from previous global predictions, our predictions showed higher accuracy. More observations, especially those in data-sparse areas, should be added to training data, and more covariates with high precision should be used to further improve the accuracy of spatial predictions. The resulting maps of this study are available on Figshare at the following DOI: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7011524.v1. And they are also available for download at http://globalchange.bnu.edu.cn/ .
Rainfall events with shallow landslides in the Entella catchment, Liguria, northern Italy
Authors: Roccati Anna , Faccini Francesco , Luino Fabio , Turconi Laura , Guzzetti Fausto
Published: September 2018

Abstract. In recent decades, the Entella River basin, in the
Liguria Apennines, northern Italy, was hit by numerous intense rainfall
events that triggered shallow landslides and earth flows, causing casualties
and extensive damage. We analyzed landslide information obtained from
different sources and rainfall data recorded in the period 2002–2016 by
rain gauges scattered throughout the catchment, to identify the event rainfall
duration, D (in h), and rainfall intensity, I (in mm h−1), that
presumably caused the landslide events. Rainfall-induced landslides affected
the whole catchment area, but were most frequent and abundant in the central
part, where the three most severe events hit on 23–24 November 2002,
21–22 October 2013 and 10–11 November 2014. Examining the timing and location of
the slope failures, we found that the rainfall-induced landslides occurred
primarily at the same time or within 6 h from the maximum peak
rainfall intensity, and at or near the geographical location where the
rainfall intensity was largest. Failures involved mainly forested and
natural surfaces, and secondarily cultivated and terraced slopes, with
different levels of maintenance. Man-made structures frequently characterize
the landslide source areas. Adopting a frequentist approach, we define the
event rainfall intensity–event duration (ID) threshold for the possible
initiation of shallow landslides and hyper-concentrated flows in the Entella
River basin. The threshold is lower than most of the curves proposed in the
literature for similar mountain catchments, local areas and single regions
in Italy. The result suggests a high susceptibility to rainfall-induced
shallow landslides of the Entella catchment due to its high-relief
topography, geological and geomorphological settings, meteorological and
rainfall conditions, and human interference. Analysis of the antecedent
rainfall conditions for different periods, from 3 to 15 days, revealed that
the antecedent rainfall did not play a significant role in the initiation of
landslides in the Entella catchment. We expect that our findings will be
useful in regional to local landslides early warning systems, and for
land planning aimed at reducing landslide risk in the study area.
A novel approach for solving CNOPs and its application in identifying sensitive regions of tropical cyclone adaptive observations
Authors: Zhang Linlin , Mu Bin , Yuan Shijin , Zhou Feifan
Published: September 2018

Abstract. In this paper, a novel approach is proposed for solving
conditional nonlinear optimal perturbations (CNOPs), called the adaptive
cooperative coevolution of parallel particle swarm optimization (PSO) and the
Wolf Search algorithm (WSA) based on principal component analysis (ACPW). Taking Fitow (2013) and
Matmo (2014), two tropical cyclone (TC) cases, CNOPs solved by the ACPW
algorithm are used to investigate the sensitive regions identified by TC
adaptive observations with the fifth-generation Mesoscale Model (MM5).
Meanwhile, the 60 and 120 km resolutions are adopted. The adjoint-based
method (short for the ADJ method) is also applied to solve CNOPs, and the
result is used as a benchmark. To evaluate the advantages of the ACPW
algorithm, we run the PSO, WSA and ACPW
programs 10 times and then compare the maximum, minimum and mean objective
values as well as the RMSEs. The analysis results prove that the hybrid
strategy and cooperative coevolution are useful and effective. To validate
the ACPW algorithm, the CNOPs obtained from the different methods are
compared in terms of the patterns, energies, similarities and simulated TC
tracks with perturbations. The results of our study may be summarized as
follows:
The ACPW algorithm can capture similar CNOP patterns as the ADJ method,
and the patterns of TC Fitow are more similar than TC Matmo. At the 120 km
resolution, similarities between the CNOPs of the ADJ method and the ACPW
algorithm are more than those at the 60 km resolution. Compared to the
ADJ method, although the CNOPs of the ACPW method produce lower energies,
they can have improved benefits gained from the reduction of the CNOPs not
only across the entire domain but also in the identified sensitive regions. The sensitive regions identified by the CNOPs from the ACPW algorithm
have the same influence on the improvements of the skill of TC-track
forecasting
as those identified by the CNOPs from the ADJ method. The ACPW method is more efficient than the ADJ method. All conclusions prove that the ACPW
algorithm is a meaningful and effective method for solving CNOPs and can be
used to identify sensitive regions of TC adaptive observations.
Remote surface damage detection on rotor blades of operating wind turbines by means of infrared thermography
Authors: Traphan Dominik , Herráez Iván , Meinlschmidt Peter , Schlüter Friedrich , Peinke Joachim , Gülker Gerd
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Wind turbines are constantly exposed to wind gusts, dirt particles and precipitation. Depending on the site, surface defects on rotor blades emerge from the first day of operation on. While erosion increases quickly with time, even small surface defects can affect the performance of the wind turbine. Consequently, there is demand for an easily applicable remote monitoring method for rotor blades that is capable of detecting surface defects at an early stage. In this work it is investigated if infrared thermography (IRT) can meet these requirements by visualizing differences in the thermal transport and the corresponding surface temperature of the wall-bounded flow.Firstly, a validation of the IRT method compared to stereoscopic particle image velocimetry measurements is performed comparing both types of experimental results for the boundary layer of a flat plate. Then, the main characteristics of the flow in the wake of generic surface defects on different types of lifting surfaces are studied both experimentally and numerically: temperature gradients behind protruding surface defects on a flat plate and a DU 91-W2-250 profile are studied by means of IRT. The same is done with the wall shear stress from Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes simulations of a wind turbine blade. It is consistently observed, both in the experiments and the simulations, that turbulent wedges are formed on the flow downstream of generic surface defects. These wedges provide valuable information about the kind of defects that generate them. At last, experimental and numerical performance measures are taken into account for evaluating the aerodynamic impact of surface defects on rotor blades. We conclude that the IRT method is a suitable remote monitoring technique for detecting surface defects on wind turbines at an early stage.
“They sought it with thimbles, they sought it with care”: Lewis Carroll Studies, 2004–2017
Authors: Guiliano Edward
Published: September 2018

Recorded in this essay is the sweep of Lewis Carroll scholarship covering 2004–2017. New Primary Works; Critical, Annotated or Notable Editions; Reference Works; Biographies; Journals and Websites; Book-length Studies; Collections of Essays; and Selected Journal Essays and Book Chapters are covered. During the period discussed, diverse interest in Lewis Carroll and his works increased steadily and was extensive, more in evidence than for many if not most Victorian writers. The topics of interest related to this multitalented man—literature, photography, biography, mathematics and logic, Victorian cultural studies and more, and seen from many critical and thematic perspectives—have become increasingly broad and accepted as worthy of study of a major figure, and his Alice books established as major texts of world literature.
College English Reading Instruction in North China Electric Power University: The Production-Driven Approach
Authors: Ren Junhong , Wang Na
Published: September 2018

Production-oriented approach may provide us with a brand new perspective to our current college English reading instruction. Under this approach, teaching reforms need to be initiated in respects of teaching objectives, teaching materials, teaching methods and assessment. Instructors are required to design appropriate output tasks to stimulate learners’ motivation in reading. In addition, a wide variety of teaching activities need to be designed to fully involve students in classroom activities and ensure the completion of output tasks. The teaching materials should not only be aimed at improving students’ language knowledge, but also is conducive to students’ cross-cultural competence. Finally, immediate assessing and delayed assessing should be employed to guarantee the best possible learning results.
Promoting Language Learners’ Awareness of Autonomy Through Goal Setting—An Alternative Approach of Assessing Goal Setting Effects
Authors: Huei-Ju Shih
Published: September 2018

This article aims at proposing a new measurement to assess the effects of language learners’ goal-setting behavior, as an alternative to the traditional open-ended questionnaire. This goal-setting instrument was carefully developed through three phases. In the first phase, an item pool was generated. In the second phase, a pilot study was carried out with a view to modifying the weak points of the questionnaire. In the third phase, a final version of the questionnaire was distributed among participants for evaluating the practicality. The evaluation of the psychometric properties of the final instrument was made using confirmatory factor analyses (CFA), with the validity and reliability being evaluated. The results indicate that the proposed instrument yields satisfactory characteristics and that the theoretical model bears a good fit with the data. The researcher proposes that the instrument presented in this study can provide a more psychometrically sound measure of goal-setting in learning a second language than traditional open-ended questionnaires.
Exploring the Transfer Relationship of Summarizing Skills in L1 and L2
Authors: Kato Makiko
Published: September 2018

The purpose of the present study is to examine whether the summarizing skills in the first language (L1) of learners of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) affect their summary performances in a second language (L2). To examine the transferring of L1 summarizing skills to L2 summary performance it is necessary to figure out which L1 knowledge and skills EFL learners already possess. A total of 47 Japanese university students with low intermediate English proficiency were asked to write a summary in their L2 (i.e., English) and L1 (i.e., Japanese) of a text written in each of the same languages after they received a quick lecture on how to write a summary. The relationship between their L1 and L2 summarizing skills was examined by using the scores from their L1 and L2 summary performances. The results showed that a small variance of L1 summarizing skill affected the overall summary performances in L2, which supports the Cummins’s (1976) Linguistics Threshold Hypothesis. This study concludes by offering several suggestions for teachers of summary writing, and implications for future research.
Cultivation and Evaluation of a High-Value Ginkgo biloba Variety “ZY 1”
Authors: Wang Bo , He Guo , Wang Shumin , Wang Yu , Meng Jie , Chai Guohua , Zhou Gongke
Published: September 2018

Ginkgo biloba L., a native of China, enjoys unrivaled fame in the plant world, owing to its multipurpose characters. Ginkgo leave extract contains high levels of flavone glycosides and terpene lactones, which are widely used in orthodox or traditional medicine to treat diseases. However, there are few good Ginkgo varieties for leaf application to date. In this study, we collected fifteen core Ginkgo resources including the variety “Anlu 1” from different locations in China. Through 60Co-γ-ray irradiation of “Anlu 1”, a variety named as “ZY 1” with good properties was cultivated. Field test assays showed that “ZY 1” has obvious advantages compared with “Anlu 1” (control). “ZY 1” grows faster and has no branches but higher leaf yield. More importantly, its leaf extracts contain higher flavonoids and terpenoids contents but lower undesired components such as ginkgolic acids. These results indicated that the variety “ZY 1” may have a high value of leaf application for clinical medicine, health care products and cosmetic.
Growth of Sugar Cane Under Cultivation Flooded at Different Speeds Lowering of the Water Table
Authors: Tavares Antonio Clarette Santiago , Duarte Sergio Nascimento , Dias Nildo da Silva , Sá Francisco Vanies da Silva , Miranda Jarbas Honorio de , Souza Kelly Tagianne Santos de , Pizani Maria Alejandra Moreno , Neto Osvaldo Nogueira de Sousa , Fernandes Cleyton dos Santos
Published: September 2018

In order to study the effect of downgrade rate of water table in the growth of sugar cane (Saccharum spp, cultivate 867515), an experiment in was carried under randomized block design with factorial arrangement (3 × 5 + 1) and 4 replications, applying the flood irrigation system in 3 stages of development (67, 210 and 300 days after planting - DAP) with 5 downgrade rate of water table (3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 days) and the control (no flood). The plants were grown in soil columns of 240 liters, filled with Yellow Oxisol by 300 days after planting and monitored as the height of the stem, number of leaves, stem diameter, number of internodes, number of tillers, leaf area, growth increment, rate relative growth, leaf area index, leaf area ratio and specific leaf area. The stages of development that the flooding was applied at a rate of lowering of the groundwater level variables influenced the growth of cane sugar. The plants drenched at 210 days after planting for 12 days had higher growth of stem, leaf number, leaf area and leaf area index. Plants exposed to water logging after 67 and 210 days after planting obtain better physiological indices that the witness and those who received the 305 DAP waterlogging. It is recommended that the spacing between drains is estimated to be able to lower the water table, after a reloading project to 30 cm deep in 15 days.
Effect of Hydrogen Peroxide in the Growth of Yellow Passion Fruit Seedlings Under Salinity Stress
Authors: Santos Adriana da S. , Araújo Railene H. C. R. , Nobre Reginaldo G. , Sousa Valéria F. de O. , Rodrigues Marília H. B. S. , Formiga Juliana A. , Gomes Fernando A. L. , Santos Gisele L. dos , Onias Elny A.
Published: September 2018

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a molecule that can flag plants under biotic and abiotic stress conditions. Among the kinds of stress, the salinity stress is the one that most usually affects plants. Consequently, the purpose hereof was to use hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to mitigate the possible harmful effects of salinity in yellow passion fruit seedlings. We employed a randomized block design, in a 5 × 3 factorial scheme, corresponding to five irrigation water electric conductivity levels (0.3; 1.3; 2.3; 3.3; and 4.3 dS m-1) and three hydrogen peroxide concentrations (0; 5; and 15 μmol L-1), with four repetitions. The treatments were applied foliarly 7 and 15 days after the seedlings’ germination with hand sprayers. Sixty days after sowing, we evaluated the seedlings’ growth and quality variables, which finally proved that hydrogen peroxide mitigates the harmful effect of the irrigation water’s salinity up to 2 dS m-1 in the growth of yellow passion fruit seedlings at the concentration of 5 μmol/L. Nonetheless, excessive concentrations (15 μmol L-1) associated with high salt concentrations were proven detrimental to the seedlings’ phenological growth and quality.
Toxicity of Insecticide-Contaminated Soil Used in the Treatment of Cotton Seeds to Bees
Authors: Souza Ellen P. de , Degrande Paulo E. , Azambuja Rosalia , Silva Rafael A. da , Junior Valter V. Alves
Published: September 2018

Insecticide-treated cotton seeds can pose risks to Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 populations during crop establishment if chemical residues reach these insects near agricultural fields via dust drift produced during planting. However, the treatment of seeds with insecticides is essential to protect cotton plants from damage caused by pests, including thrips and aphids. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the toxic effects (acute toxicity) of soil dust from cotton fields planted with insecticide-treated seeds on A. mellifera adults using a toxicity assay developed in the laboratory. Forager honeybees were maintained in 700-ml plastic cages with 7 g of surface soil where insecticide-treated cotton seeds were sown (270 g a.i. clothianidin, 270 g a.i. imidacloprid, 210 g a.i. thiamethoxam, and 75 g a.i. fipronil/100 kg of seeds, and an untreated group). Ten bees were placed in each cage. The experimental design was randomized, with five treatments and twelve replicates. The mortality rate was evaluated during the entire assay. Data were transformed to x + 0.5  and compared with a regression analysis and contrast test. The linear regression model revealed a significant relationship between bee mortality and exposure time. The mortality rate gradually increased as time progressed in all treatments and the control group. The contrast test did not reveal significant differences between the insecticide and control groups. Thus, residues of the products tested, thiamethoxam, clothianidin, imidacloprid, and fipronil, did not influence the mortality of A. mellifera adults as a result of exposure to soil contaminated with insecticide-treated seeds.
Agro-economic Feasibility of Intercropped Systems of Radish and Cowpea-Vegetable Manured With Roostertree Biomass
Authors: Pereira Maria Francisca Soares , Neto Francisco Bezerra , Júnior Aurélio Paes Barros , Linhares Paulo César Ferreira , Silva Maiele Leandro da , Lins Hamurábi Anizio
Published: September 2018

The association of crops presents as one of the cultivation practices to be used in the systems of vegetable crop production in the northeast Brazil semiarid, fertilized with biomass of spontaneous species of the Caatinga biome as green manure. Under this approach, a study was performed during the period from June to December 2013, in the research area of the Experimental Farm belonging to the Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-árido, Mossoró, RN (Brazil), to assess the feasibility of the agro-economic efficiency of the radish × cowpea-vegetable association manured with different amounts of roostertree biomass in semiarid environment. A randomized complete block design was used with four treatments and five repetitions. The treatments were composed of four biomass amounts of roostertree incorporated to the soil (10, 25, 40 and 55 t ha-1 on a dry basis). The highest agronomic and economic efficiencies of the intercropping of radish with cowpea-vegetable were obtained with the incorporation of 53 and 47 t ha-1 of roostertree biomass added to the soil. The roostertree spontaneous species of the Caatinga biome it is showed as an efficient green manure in the association of radish with cowpea-vegetable.
Albedo Trend Analyses in Atlantic Forest Biome Areas
Authors: Alba Elisiane , Pereira Rudiney S. , Marchesan Juliana , Silva Emanuel A. , Batista Fábio de J. , Kazama Verônica S. , Schuh Mateus S. , Spiazzi José A.
Published: September 2018

The albedo is an important variable that controls the balance of radiation and energy of the atmosphere, so changes in land cover cause alterations in albedo values, influencing changes in climate behavior at different scales. The goal in this work was to investigate the possible occurrence and causes associated with surface albedo trends within the Atlantic Forest biome (São Francisco de Paula, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil), during the last thirty years (1987-2017), evaluating the impacts of the forest cover structure on albedo trends. The study included images of the TM/Landsat 5 and OLI/Landsat 8 sensors over the period 1987 to 2017. The surface albedo was obtained from the SEBAL algorithm, which includes in its variables the reflectance values of each band, reflected solar radiation and atmospheric transmissivity. The trend analysis was performed by the Mann-Kendall test verifying the existence of significant trends over 30 years. Subsequently, the influence of vegetation greenness on the trend presented by the albedo surface was evaluated. Approximately 92% of the pixels with significant tendency are associated with the decreasing tendency of the albedo. The downward trend was observed with the change from the field to the forest cover, while increasing trends were influenced by the change in forest cover, such as the suppression of individuals from the upper forest canopy. The forest populations in areas of the Mata Atlântica biome had a large participation in the energy balance, which exposed a reduction of approximately 60% of the surface albedo with its implantation, showing its importance for reducing the emission of energy to the atmosphere. The spatial pattern of the trend distribution of the surface albedo is related to the concentration and vigor of the arboreal vegetation.
Tolpyralate Applied Alone and With Atrazine for Weed Control in Corn
Authors: Osipitan O. Adewale , Scott Jon E. , Knezevic Stevan Z.
Published: September 2018

Tolpyralate, an HPPD (4-hydroxyphenyl-pyruvate dioxygenase) inhibitor, is a relatively new herbicide for weed control in corn. Field studies were conducted in 2015 and 2016 to evaluate the effective dose of tolpyralate applied alone or mixed with atrazine for weed control in corn. The treatments included seven rates (0, 5, 20, 29, 40, 50 and 100 g ai ha-1) of tolpyralate applied alone or mixed with a constant rate (560 g ai ha-1) of atrazine. The evaluated weed species were common waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis Sauer), common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.), velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medik), henbit (Lamium amplexicaule L.) and green foxtail (Setaria viridis L.). Overall, POST-application of tolpyralate resulted in 58-94% visual weed control when applied alone; whereas, addition of atrazine provided 71-100% control of same species. Calculated dose of 19-31 g ai ha-1 (ED90) of tolpyralate applied alone provided 90% visual control of waterhemp, lambsquaters, henbit, and velvetleaf. Whereas, addition of atrazine resulted in significantly lower dose of 11-17 g ai ha-1 for the same level of control, suggesting synergy between the two herbicides.