bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Two Phases Queue With Vacations and Breakdowns Under T-Policy
Authors: Alnowibet Khalid , Tadj Lotfi
Published: October 2018

The service system considered in this chapter is characterized by an unreliable server. Random breakdowns occur on the server and the repair may not be immediate. The authors assume the possibility that the server may take a vacation at the end of a given service completion. The server resumes operation according to T-policy to check if enough customers have arrived while he was away. The actual service of any arrival takes place in two consecutive phases. Both service phases are independent of each other. A Markov chain approach is used to obtain the steady state system size probabilities and different performance measures. The optimal value of the threshold level is obtained analytically.
The Intelligence of E-CRM Applications and Approaches on Online Shopping Industry
Authors: Ahmed Bashar Shahir , Amroush Fadi , Ben Maati Mohammed
Published: October 2018

Today, most businesses are in continuous search of sophisticated tools and techniques to progressively grow their business. Therefore, the use of intelligence systems has found its pace in the global market. The intelligence systems has mostly affected the E-CRM as it is the most critical and central part for the growth of the business. The E-CRM approaches have enhanced drastically with an integration of the business intelligence systems and organizations are now diligently striving for excellence by gaining benefit from these integrated systems. However, there are many organizations that lag behind in escalating their progress and growth as they have not yet understand how to improve the data quality by using business intelligence systems and therefore used it for decision making. Hence, the following research is conducted to study the implementation trends of intelligence E-CRM in business process and how the business intelligence systems could help in improvising the data quality and the business processes.
Uberization (or Uberification) of the Economy
Authors: Daidj Nabyla
Published: October 2018

The global availability of the internet, along with innovations (innovation comes in a variety of products, services, and applications), explain certain aspects of the dynamics of the innovation process, the diffusion of technology, and the development of various platforms (product and service marketplace, social networking platform, content platform). Uber has been a driving force behind the emergence of new kinds of platform services connecting consumers and providers in real time and organizing information without any ownership of the products concerned. Uber has changed the rules of the economic game and its success has inspired the term “uberization.” Uberization exposes both traditional groups to direct competition with new entrants (especially peer-to-peer platforms operators). This fast-growing phenomenon is seen today as an important feature of economic transformation.
Improving Competencies for the Courier Service Industry in Malaysia
Authors: Hui Hoo Yee , Fernando Yudi
Published: October 2018

The aim of this chapter is to explore the literature on improving competencies for the courier service industry in Malaysia. The use of internet and advancement in technologies enable e-commerce to quickly emerge in courier service industry, linking enterprises, associations, governments, and individuals together. The usage of internet has changed the industry strategy in conducting business. It is crucial for a business to reassess their competencies to operate in a competitive global working environment which is highly volatile and rapidly change. Subsequently, the supply chain is facing a paradigm change in the e-business environment. A company supply chain in an e-business environment can be very complicated typically in Asia market because the Asia market is made up of many countries which vary in culture, religion, political systems, legal systems, language, and stages of economic development.
Determining Impact of Demographics on Perceived Service Quality in Online Retail
Authors: Kalia Prateek , Law Penny , Arora Richa
Published: October 2018

This chapter starts with a premise: whether significant difference in perceived service quality (PSQ) exists within demographic characteristics of online shoppers, such as education, age, gender, monthly income, occupation, and marital status. Web survey has been administered to 308 online shoppers of the four most popular e-retailers in India, who have made at least one online purchase in past six months. Hypotheses have been formulated on the basis of panoptic literature review of six demographic factors (i.e., education, age, income, occupation, marital status, and gender). Kruskal-Wallis (H Test) and Mann-Whitney Test have been used to check difference in PSQ within different demographic factors. No significant difference in PSQ within different demographic factors has been found, except within different occupational categories. Subsequent post-hoc test elucidated significant difference within business-service and business-student groups; however, there was no significant difference within service-student groups.
Integrating Content Authentication Support in Media Services
Authors: Katsaounidou Anastasia N. , Dimoulas Charalampos A.
Published: October 2018

The chapter investigates content authentication strategies and their use in media practice. Remarkable research progress has been conducted on media veracity methods and algorithms, however without providing that much straightforward tools to users involved in real-world applications. Hence, there is an urgent need for further support content verification by exploiting all the available methods in properly integrated online environments, forming a media authentication network. On-demand training (and feedback) on these technologies is considered of major importance, enabling users to collaborate with media and forgery experts towards adoption, refinement, and widespread dissemination of best practices. Better comprehension of the involved tools and algorithms would propel their broad exploitation in practice, gaining valuable feedback for further improvements. Thus, a continuously updated online repository, containing documented examples, learning resources, and media veracity tools could be adaptively accommodated, better supporting various users and applications needs.
IT Service Management Architectures
Authors: Tambo Torben , Filtenborg Jacob
Published: October 2018

IT service providers tend to view their services as quasi-embedded in the client organization infrastructure. Therefore, IT service providers lack a full picture of being an organization with its own enterprise architecture. By systematically developing an enterprise architecture using the unification operating model, IT service providers can much more efficient develop relevant service catalogues with connected reporting services related to SLAs and KPIs based on ITIL and newer frameworks like SIAM.
Open Data and High-Tech Startups Towards Nascent Entrepreneurship Strategies
Authors: Kitsios Fotis , Kamariotou Maria
Published: October 2018

Open data are freely accessible online, available to be reused. They can be used for the development of applications which improve citizens' lives. A way to boost the development of innovative applications is by hosting hackathons, workshops, and conferences. Apparently, as far as entrepreneurship, open data impact economic growth, innovation, empowerment, and new or improved products and services. There is limited previous research not only on what motivates the developers to participate in open data competitions, but also on the benefits and challenges which are caused from the use of open data. Furthermore, researches focus on factors that affect nascent entrepreneurs' decisions to create a startup, but research in the field of open data and hackathons are limited. The purpose of this chapter is to present a theoretical framework in order to examine the impact of motivations, benefits, and barriers of the use of open data in the participation in hackathons and to develop a startup based on their applications.
Evaluative Dimensions of Urban Tourism in Capital Cities by First-Time Visitors
Authors: Silvana de Rosa Annamaria , Dryjanska Laura , Bocci Elena
Published: October 2018

This chapter evaluates the social representations of historic European capital cities, comparing it before and after the first-time visit that took place in the period from 2011 to 2013. Based on the set of empirical data, it presents and discusses the integrative framework for evaluation of a city conceived as a resource in responsible urban tourism. In particular, the social representations of Madrid, London, and Warsaw by 420 visitors from seven different EU and non-EU countries (France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Spain, United Kingdom, and United States) are examined according to the modelling approach to the theory of social representations, focusing on the evaluative dimension present in an implicit and explicit way. Understanding how tourists assess the resource that they access, based on previous knowledge as opposed to direct experience, shall lay ground for enabling the policy makers and city planners to take into account the expectations of visitors while pursuing urban tourism development in the geo-cultural locations of European capital cities.
A Neuroaesthetic Approach to the Search of Beauty From the Consumer's Perspective
Authors: Ferrer Gemma García
Published: October 2018

Consumers pursue hedonism and beauty throughout the decision-making processes regarding purchases and consumption. The five senses (sensory marketing) will be essential in the aesthetic perception that consumers have in these processes. Therefore, consumers will go to points of purchase that they consider attractive. Consumers want the packaging of the products to satisfy their needs of making a gift to other people or to themselves. The product needs to be visually appealing – we can even think of something as simple as a piece of fruit, or something much more sophisticated, such as a cellular phone. Advertising strategies (billboards, commercials) need to stimulate this quest for beauty. Marketing strategists have been aware of this reality for a long time. However, the new neuromarketing and neuroaesthetic techniques can be useful complements to understand the consumers quest for beauty.
Inkjet and 3D Printing Technology for Fundamental Millimeter-Wave Wireless Packaging
Authors: Tehrani Bijan K. , Bahr Ryan A. , Tentzeris Manos M.
Published: October 2018

This article outlines the design, processing, and implementation of inkjet and 3D printing technologies for the development of fully printed, highly integrated millimeter-wave (mm-wave) wireless packages. The materials, tools, and processes of each technology are outlined and justified for their respective purposes. Inkjet-printed 3D interconnects directly interfacing a packaging substrate with an integrated circuit (IC) die are presented using printed dielectric ramps and coplanar waveguide transmission lines exhibiting low loss (.6–.8 dB/mm at 40 GHz). Stereolithography 3D printing is presented for the encapsulation of IC dice, enabling the application-specific integration of on-package structures, including dielectric lenses and frequency selective surface–based wireless filters. Finally, inkjet and 3D printing technology are combined to present sloped mm-wave interconnects through an encapsulant, or through mold vias, achieving a slope of up to 65° and low loss (.5–.6 dB/mm at 60 GHz). The combination of these additive techniques is highlighted for the development of scalable, application-specific wireless packages.
Reliability of Novel Ceramic Encapsulation Materials for Electronic Packaging
Authors: Kaessner Stefan , Scheibel Markus G. , Behrendt Stefan , Boettge Bianca , Berthold Christoph , Nickel Klaus G.
Published: October 2018

Enhancements on power electronic systems with reduced chip area and miniaturized passive components are subject of several research activities in academics and industry. To realize such future electronic devices, it is necessary to incorporate wide bandgap semiconductor technology such as silicon carbide and gallium nitride operating at higher temperatures. Therefore, the development of novel materials with high thermal conductivities and stability, withstanding harsh environments up to 300°C is of major interest. Especially, polymeric encapsulation materials have to be improved because of common degradation effects above 175°C. Ceramic (nonpolymeric) materials with thermal conductivities above 5 W/(m·K) already illustrated promising results for the encapsulation of power electronics. The present work illustrates recent developments and improvements on novel ceramic encapsulation materials, which finally avoid critical interactions with the chip surface. Furthermore, advances in reliability will be discussed in terms of passed high-temperature reverse bias and humidity tests correlated with relevant material properties.
Nursing clinical competence in area medica
Authors: Bertoncini Guest Editors: F. , Gatta C. , Pentella G.
Published: October 2018

Introduzione Background

La nursing clinical competence

Il concetto di clinical competence in medicina interna

Declinare e classificare i livelli di competenza

Aree di assistenza nei contesti di area medica 

Il paziente cronico

Scompenso cardiaco

La broncopneumopatia cronica e ostruttiva

La cirrosi epatica

La pancreatite

Il diabete mellito

Il delirium

La depressione

Il paziente critico

L’ipertensione

La trombosi venosa profonda

L’ischemia cerebrale

La disfagia

Gli squilibri idroelettrolitici

Le polmoniti

I sanguinamenti gastro-intestinali

La sepsi

Il monitoraggio cardiaco

La ventilazione non-invasiva

L’ecografia operativa bedside

Somministrazione di terapia e chemioterapia

Le lesioni da pressione

Il dolore

Gli accessi vascolari

Il paziente fragile

La dimissione difficile

Il fine vita

Obiettivo Metodi Risultati Conclusioni Bibliografia
Existence of solutions for the Neumann boundary problem of Kirchhoff type equations
Authors: An Yu-Cheng , Suo Hong-Min
Published: October 2018

The existence of weak solutions is obtained for some Kirchhoff type equations with Neumann boundary conditions by using the

G

-linking theorem in the critical point theory.
Eigenvalue bounds for non-self-adjoint Schrödinger operators with the inverse-square potential
Authors: Mizutani Haruya
Published: October 2018

The purpose of this paper is to study spectral properties of the non-self-adjoint Schrödinger operator

-\Delta-\frac{(n-2)^2}{4|x|^{2}}+V

on

\mathbb R^n

with complex-valued potential

V\in L^{p,\infty}

,

p > n/2

. We prove Keller type inequalities which measure the radius of a disc containing the discrete spectrum, in terms of the

L^{p,\infty}

norm of

V

. Similar inequalities also hold if the inverse-square potential is replaced by a large class of subcritical potentials with critical singularities at the origin. The main new ingredient in the proof is the uniform Sobolev inequality of Kenig–Ruiz–Sogge type for Schrödinger operators with strongly singular potentials, which may be of independent interest.
Solution of the capacitor allocation problem using an improved whale optimization algorithm
Authors: Shehata R.H. , Mekhamer S.F. , Abdelaziz A.Y. , Badr M.A.L.
Published: October 2018

A superior optimization technique called whale optimization algorithm introduced in 2016 which belongs to swarm intelligence family is used and implemented in this paper with some improvements to solve the problem of capacitor allocation in radial distribution feeders. In order to show the effectiveness of the proposed technique, three test distribution feeders are used (15 bus, 34 bus and 69 bus test systems). The obtained results are compared with other optimization techniques prove that the proposed method gives the optimal results; most reduction in system power losses, voltage profile enhancement and lower annual cost among the other techniques applied to the same distribution feeders.Keywords: Capacitor allocation, modified whale optimization technique, loss reduction, cost saving
Eddy flux measurements of sulfur dioxide deposition to the sea surface
Authors: Porter Jack G. , De Bruyn Warren , Saltzman Eric S.
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Deposition to the sea surface is a major atmospheric loss pathway for many
important trace gases, such as sulfur dioxide (SO2). The air–sea transfer
of SO2 is controlled entirely on the atmospheric side of the air–sea
interface due to high effective solubility and other physical–chemical
properties. There have been few direct field measurements of such fluxes due
to the challenges associated with making fast-response measurements of highly
soluble trace gases at very low ambient levels. In this study, we report
direct eddy covariance air–sea flux measurements of SO2, sensible heat,
water vapor, and momentum. The measurements were made over shallow coastal
waters from the Scripps Pier, La Jolla, CA, using negative ion chemical
ionization mass spectrometry as the SO2 sensor. The observed transfer
velocities for SO2, sensible heat, water vapor, and momentum and their
wind speed dependences indicate that SO2 fluxes can be reliably measured
using this approach. As expected, the transfer velocities for SO2,
sensible heat, and water vapor are lower than that for momentum,
demonstrating the contribution of molecular diffusion to the overall air-side
resistance to gas transfer. Furthermore, transfer velocities of SO2 were
lower than those of sensible heat and water vapor when observed
simultaneously. This result is attributed to diffusive resistance in the
interfacial layer of the air–sea interface.
Upgrade and automation of the JPL Table Mountain Facility tropospheric ozone lidar (TMTOL) for near-ground ozone profiling and satellite validation
Authors: Chouza Fernando , Leblanc Thierry , Brewer Mark , Wang Patrick
Published: October 2018

Abstract. As part of the international efforts to monitor air quality, several satellite missions were deployed (e.g. TROPOMI) and others, like TEMPO, are planned for the near future. In support of the validation of these missions, major upgrades to the tropospheric ozone lidar located at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory Table Mountain Facility (TMF) were recently performed. These modifications include the full automation of the system, which now allows unattended measurements during frequent satellite overpasses, and a new receiver that extends the measurement capabilities of the system down to 100 m above surface. The automation led to the systematic operation of the lidar during daily TROPOMI overpasses, providing more than 139 reference profiles since January 2018. Ozone profiles retrieved using the new lidar receiver were compared to ozonesonde profiles obtained from a collocated tethered balloon. An agreement of 5 % or better with the ozonesonde down to an altitude range of 100-m above ground was demonstrated. Furthermore, the stability of the receiver configuration was investigated. Comparisons between the lowest point retrieved by the lidar and a co-located surface ozone photometer showed no sign of drift over a two-month test period. Finally, measurements from a 24-hour intensive measurement period during a stratospheric intrusion event showed good agreement with two free flying ozonesondes. These comparisons revealed localized differences between sonde and lidar, possibly owing to the differing vertical resolutions (about 52 m for lidar and at least 120 m for sonde).
Sulfate deprivation triggers high methane production in a disturbed and rewetted coastal peatland
Authors: Koebsch Franziska , Winkel Matthias , Liebner Susanne , Liu Bo , Westphal Julia , Schmiedinger Iris , Spitzy Alejandro , Gehre Matthias , Jurasinski Gerald , Köhler Stefan , Unger Viktoria , Koch Marian , Sachs Torsten , Böttcher Michael E.
Published: October 2018

Abstract. In natural coastal wetlands, high supplies of marine sulfate suppress methanogenesis. Coastal wetlands are, however, often subject to disturbance by dyking and drainage for agricultural use and it has been shown that they can turn to potent methane sources when rewetted for remediation, suggesting that the sulfate-related methane suppressing mechanisms were suspended by the preceding land use measures. Here, we unravel the hydrological relocation and biogeochemical S and C transformation processes that induced high methane emissions in a disturbed and rewetted peatland despite former brackish impact. The underlying processes were investigated along a transect of increasing distance to the coastline using a combination of concentration patterns, stable isotope partitioning and analysis of the microbial community structure. We found that dyking and freshwater rewetting caused a distinct freshening and an efficient depletion of the brackish sulfate reservoir by dissimilatory sulfate reduction (DSR). Despite some legacy effects of brackish impact expressed as high amounts of sedimentary S and elevated electrical conductivities, contemporary metabolic processes operated mainly under sulfate-limited conditions. This opened up favorable conditions for the establishment of a prospering methanogenic community in the top 30–40 cm of peat, the structure and physiology of which resembles those of terrestrial organic-rich environments. Locally, high amounts of sulfate persisted in deeper peat layers through the suppression of DSR, probably by competitive electron acceptors of terrestrial origin, for example Fe(III), but did not interfere with high methane emissions on ecosystem scale. Our results indicate that the climate effect of disturbed and remediated coastal wetlands cannot simply be derived by analogy with their natural counterparts. From a greenhouse gas perspective, the re-exposure of dyked wetlands to natural coastal dynamics would literally open up the floodgates for a replenishment of the marine sulfate pool and constitute an efficient measure to reduce methane emissions.
Response of Net Primary Productivity of Zambezi teak forests to climate change along a rainfall gradient in Zambia
Authors: Ngoma Justine , Braakhekke Maarten C. , Kruijt Bart , Moors Eddy , Supit Iwan , Speer James H. , Vinya Royd , Leemans Rik
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Understanding climate change effects on forests is important considering the role forests play in mitigating climate change. We studied the effects of changes in temperature, rainfall, atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, solar radiation, and number of wet days (as a measure of rainfall intensity) on net primary productivity (NPP) of the Zambian Zambezi teak forests along a rainfall gradient. Using 1960–1989 as base-line, we projected changes in NPP for the end of the 21st century (2070–2099). We adapted the parameters of the dynamic vegetation model, LPJ-GUESS, to simulate the growth of Zambian forests at three sites along a moisture gradient receiving annual rainfall of between 700 mm to more than 1000 mm. The thus adjusted plant functional type was tested against measured data. We forced the model with contemporary climate data (1960–2005) and with climatic forecasts of an ensemble of five General Circulation Models (GCMs) following RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. We used local soil parameter values to characterize texture and measured local tree parameter values for maximum crown area, wood density, leaf longevity, and allometry. While increased CO2 concentration enhances NPP at the wetter Kabompo and the intermediate Namwala sites, NPP decreases at the drier Sesheke site under both scenarios by the end of 21st century. The projected decreased NPP under RCP8.5 at the Sesheke site results from the reduced rainfall. We thus demonstrated that differences in rainfall pattern influence the way in which climate change will affect forests resources. We also showed that using local parameter values is essential to obtaining reasonably reliable simulations.
Meteorological, soil moisture, surface water, and groundwater data from the St Denis National Wildlife Area, Saskatchewan, Canada
Authors: Bam Edward K. P. , Brannen Rosa , Budhathoki Sujata , Ireson Andrew M. , Spence Chris , van der Kamp Garth
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Long-term meteorological, soil moisture, surface water, and groundwater data provide information on past climate change, most notably information that can be used to analyze past changes in precipitation and groundwater availability in a region. These data are also valuable to test, calibrate and validate hydrological and climate models. CCRN (Changing Cold Regions Network) is a collaborative research network that brought together a team of over 40 experts from 8 universities and 4 federal government agencies in Canada for 5 years (2013–18) through the Climate Change and Atmospheric Research (CCAR) Initiative of the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC). The working group aimed to integrate existing and new data with improved predictive and observational tools to understand, diagnose and predict interactions amongst the cryospheric, ecological, hydrological, and climatic components of the changing Earth system at multiple scales, with a geographic focus on the rapidly changing cold interior of Western Canada. The St Denis National Wildlife Area database contains data for the prairie research site, St Denis National Wildlife Research Area, and includes atmosphere, soil, and groundwater. The meteorological measurements are observed every 5 seconds, and half-hourly averages (or totals) are logged. Soil moisture data comprise volumetric water content, soil temperature, electrical conductivity and matric potential for probes installed at depths of 5 cm, 20 cm, 50 cm, 100 cm, 200 cm and 300 cm in all soil profiles. Additional data on snow surveys, pond and groundwater levels, and water isotope isotopes collected on an intermittent basis between 1968 and 2018 are also presented including information on the dates and ground elevations (datum) used to construct hydraulic heads. The metadata table provides location information, information about the full range of measurements carried out on each parameter and GPS locations that are relevant to the interpretation of the records, as well as citations for both publications and archived data. The compiled data are available at https://doi.org/10.20383/101.0115.
Contributions to uncertainty related to hydrostratigraphic modeling using multiple-point statistics
Authors: Barfod Adrian A. S. , Vilhelmsen Troels N. , Jørgensen Flemming , Christiansen Anders V. , Høyer Anne-Sophie , Straubhaar Julien , Møller Ingelise
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Forecasting the flow of groundwater requires a
hydrostratigraphic model, which describes the architecture of the subsurface.
State-of-the-art multiple-point statistical (MPS) tools are readily available
for creating models depicting subsurface geology. We present a study of the
impact of key parameters related to stochastic MPS simulation of a real-world
hydrogeophysical dataset from Kasted, Denmark, using the snesim algorithm.
The goal is to study how changes to the underlying datasets propagate into
the hydrostratigraphic realizations when using MPS for stochastic modeling.
This study focuses on the sensitivity of the MPS realizations to the
geophysical soft data, borehole lithology logs, and the training image (TI).
The modeling approach used in this paper utilizes a cognitive geological
model as a TI to simulate ensemble hydrostratigraphic models. The target
model contains three overall hydrostratigraphic categories, and the MPS
realizations are compared visually as well as quantitatively using
mathematical measures of similarity. The quantitative similarity analysis is
carried out exhaustively, and realizations are compared with each other as
well as with the cognitive geological model. The results underline the importance of geophysical data for constraining
MPS simulations. Relying only on borehole data and the conceptual geology,
or TI, results in a significant increase in realization uncertainty. The
airborne transient electromagnetic SkyTEM data used in this study cover a
large portion of the Kasted model area and are essential to the
hydrostratigraphic architecture. On the other hand, the borehole lithology
logs are sparser, and 410 boreholes were present in this study. The borehole
lithology logs infer local changes in the immediate vicinity of the
boreholes, thus, in areas with a high degree of geological heterogeneity,
boreholes only provide limited large-scale structural information.
Lithological information is, however, important for the interpretation of
the geophysical responses. The importance of the TI was also studied. An
example was presented where an alternative geological model from a
neighboring area was used to simulate hydrostratigraphic models. It was
shown that as long as the geological settings are similar in nature, the
realizations, although different, still reflect the hydrostratigraphic
architecture. If a TI containing a biased geological conceptualization is
used, the resulting realizations will resemble the TI and contain less
structure in particular areas, where the soft data show almost even
probability to two or all three of the hydrostratigraphic units.
Physical modulation to the biological productivity in the summer Vietnam upwelling system
Authors: Lu Wenfang , Oey Lie-Yauw , Liao Enhui , Zhuang Wei , Yan Xiao-Hai , Jiang Yuwu
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Biological productivity in the summer Vietnam boundary upwelling
system in the western South China Sea, as in many coastal upwelling systems,
is strongly modulated by wind. However, the role of ocean circulation and
mesoscale eddies has not been elucidated. Here, we show a close
spatiotemporal covariability between primary production and kinetic energy.
High productivity is associated with high kinetic energy, which accounts for
∼15 % of the production variability. Results from a
physical–biological coupled model reveal that the elevated kinetic energy is
linked to the strength of the current separation from the coast. In the low
production scenario, the circulation is not only weaker but also shows weak
separation. In the higher production case, the separated current forms an
eastward jet into the interior South China Sea, and the associated southern
recirculation traps nutrients and favors productivity. When separation is
absent, the model shows weakened circulation and eddy activity, with
∼21 % less nitrate inventory and ∼16 %
weaker primary productivity.
Fatores maternos relacionados à alta frequência de consumo de sacarose por crianças acompanhadas por um programa de atenção odontológica materno-infantil nos dois primeiros anos de vida
Authors: Hartwig Andréia Drawanz , Romano Ana Regina , Pappen Fernanda Gerardo , Azevedo Marina Sousa
Published: October 2018

Objetivo: avaliar se os hábitos alimentares maternos re­latados durante a gestação influenciam a ingestão de sacarose das crianças nos primeiros dois anos de vida. Sujeitos e método: participaram da pesquisa 204 díades mãe-filho acompanhadas por um programa de atenção odontológica materno-infantil em uma cidade no sul do Brasil. As variáveis independentes foram obtidas por meio dos prontuários odontológicos disponibilizados pelo programa. Os hábitos alimentares maternos foram coletados durante a gestação e a ingestão diária de sa­carose pelas crianças foi baseada em um questionário alimentar de frequência, dicotomizado em < 4 vezes/ dia e ≥ 4 vezes/dia. A análise multivariada foi realizada com modelos de regressão de Poisson, com variância robusta para estimar a razão de prevalência e os interva­los de confiança de 95%. Resultados: a prevalência do consumo de sacarose nos primeiros dois anos de vida, com uma elevada ingestão de sacarose (≥ 4 vezes/dia), foi detectada em 90,69% das crianças. Após o ajuste, o desfecho (alta ingestão de sacarose) foi 10% maior para as crianças cujas mães relataram beber bebida açuca­rada para satisfazer sua sede durante a gestação [RP = 1,10 (IC95%: 1,02-1,18)]. Conclusões: a maioria das crianças apresentou alta ingestão de sacarose em idade precoce. A triagem de mulheres grávidas para consumo de bebidas açucaradas pode ser uma maneira possível de reconhecer crianças em risco futuro de alta ingestão de sacarose na primeira infância.
Rotatividade de profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família no município de Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brasil
Authors: Tonelli Bárbara Quadros , Leal Ana Paula Dos Reis , Tonelli Wanini Félix Quadros , Veloso Daniella Cristina Martins Dias , Gonçalves Dulce Pimenta , Tonelli Stephanie Quadros
Published: October 2018

Objetivo: analisar a rotatividade dos profissionais de saúde vinculados às Equipes de Saúde da Família (ESFs) de Montes Claros, MG. Sujeitos e método: trata-se de um estudo transversal de natureza quantitativa do tipo exploratório e descritivo. Os dados foram extraídos do Relatório de Profissionais Desligados no Estabelecimen­to do Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde (CNES), no período de fevereiro de 2001 a agosto de 2016. Resultados: foram avaliados 811 profissionais, dos gêneros feminino (n=599) e masculino (n=212), em 93 ESFs. Estiveram cadastrados 283 médicos, 264 enfermeiros, 50 técnicos de enfermagem, 75 auxiliares de enfermagem, 78 dentistas, 56 auxiliares de saúde bu­cal e 5 técnicos de saúde bucal. A média do tempo de permanência (TP) dos profissionais nas ESFs foi de 20 meses, sendo que o tempo mais frequente foi menor que 1 mês (6,2%), seguido pelos tempos de 1 (5,9%) e 2 (4,3%) meses; 48,82% dos profissionais (n=396) permaneceram por tempo menor que 12 meses. Os cirurgiões-dentistas foram os profissionais que tiveram maior TP dentre os profissionais de nível superior, e profissionais de nível médio apresentaram TP significa­tivamente maior. Conclusão: pôde-se observar uma alta taxa de rotatividade profissional nas ESFs no município avaliado.
A importância da bioética na prática odontológica: considerações atuais da literatura
Authors: Matos Jefferson David Melo de , Rodrigues André Guimarães , Pinto Alessandra Dossi , Lopes Guilherme Da Rocha Scalzer , Andrade Valdir Cabral
Published: October 2018

Objetivo: revisar a literatura sobre os meios pelos quais o cirurgião-dentista deve orientar sua conduta, tornan­do-se ciente daquilo que lhe é exigido em relação à sua profissão. Materiais e método: esta revisão de literatura foi conduzida pelos principais bancos de dados de saú­de: PubMed, SciELO e Google Scholar. As palavras-cha­ve para a busca textual foram: ética profissional (ethics, professional); educação em odontologia (education, dental); odontologia (dentistry). Os critérios de inclusão foram: literatura que aborde a temática em estudo, li­teratura dos últimos anos, idiomas inglês e português, estudos laboratoriais e clínicos e revisão sistemática. Os critérios de exclusão foram: revisão de literatura, carta ao editor, artigo de opinião, literatura duplicada em ba­ses de dados e literatura que não abordasse as variáveis em estudo. Revisão de literatura: a bioética baseia-se em quatro princípios básicos que estabelecem uma meto­dologia para analisar os casos concretos e os problemas éticos que ocorrem na prática da assistência à saúde, sendo eles: não maleficência, beneficência, respeito à autonomia e justiça. Sendo esses princípios fundamen­tais para o desenvolvimento da bioética, com isso, abor­dando uma forma peculiar de definir e manejar os va­lores envolvidos nas relações dos profissionais de saúde e seus pacientes. Considerações finais: a bioética deve nortear os avanços dentro do respeito ao ser humano e à sua individualidade, sem que ocorram possíveis in­frações. Todavia, são necessários maiores estudos para uma maior compreensão sobre o tema e as melhores medidas para cada caso em particular.
A APRENDIZAGEM DE PORTUGUÊS POR IMIGRANTES DESLOCADOS FORÇADOS NO BRASIL: UMA OBRIGAÇÃO?
Authors: Lopez Ana Paula De Araujo
Published: October 2018

RESUMO: Este trabalho busca discutir o ensino-aprendizagem da especialidade de Português como Língua de Acolhimento (PLAc) para imigrantes deslocados forçados no Brasil, com vistas a questionar o caráter de necessidade obrigatória com o qual sua aprendizagem é geralmente associada. Para alcançar tais objetivos, realizaremos uma análise de cunho qualitativo e interpretativista do discurso de profissionais da área – professores e coordenadores de diferentes cursos de PLAc no país –, bem como de alguns imigrantes, no que diz respeito às motivações para se aprender a língua majoritária do Brasil. O artigo está organizado da seguinte maneira: primeiramente, faremos uma breve exposição do cenário da imigração de deslocados forçados, evidenciando a relevância do tema. Em segundo lugar, apresentaremos alguns conceitos pertinentes que respaldam teoricamente as discussões realizadas. Em terceiro lugar, analisaremos o discurso dos participantes da pesquisa, visando discutir como a aprendizagem do PLAc é entendida como uma necessidade obrigatória, e como esse discurso pode oprimir sujeitos deslocados forçados, reforçando sua situação de vulnerabilidade. Finalizaremos nosso texto discorrendo sobre como certas perspectivas de trabalho com o PLAc, indo de encontro à primeira perspectiva, podem colaborar para processos de territorialização não-precária (BIZON, 2013) desses imigrantes.
“PELO MUNDO”: A CONFIGURAÇÃO DE UMA POLÍTICA LINGUÍSTICA NO ENSINO DE PORTUGUÊS COMO LÍNGUA ADICIONAL EM UM CURSO PARA CANDIDATOS AO PROGRAMA DE ESTUDANTES-CONVÊNIO DE GRADUAÇÃO (PEC-G)
Authors: Miranda Yara Carolina Campos de
Published: October 2018

Neste artigo, tenho como foco o funcionamento do Programa de Estudantes-Convênio de Graduação (PEC-G) que, como destacado no site do Ministério das Relações Exteriores (MRE)[1], permite que estudantes estrangeiros vindos de países em desenvolvimento com os quais o governo brasileiro mantém acordos educacionais e culturais possam realizar estudos de graduação no Brasil. Uma das exigências para participação nesse programa é a apresentação do Certificado de Proficiência em Língua Portuguesa para Estrangeiros (Celpe-Bras). Candidatos de países onde não há aplicação do exame podem realizá-lo no Brasil após terem concluído curso de português como língua adicional (PLA) em IES credenciadas. Em um desses cursos, sediado em uma universidade federal brasileira, desenvolveu-se o “Projeto Pelo Mundo”, em 2015. Alicerçado na perspectiva da Linguística Aplicada Indisciplinar (MOITA LOPES, 2006) e do Letramento Crítico (LUKE, 2003; MATTOS; VALERIO, 2010; JORDÃO, 2014), tal projeto procurou contribuir para a formação de uma consciência crítica e cidadã dos estudantes em relação à forma como se posicionavam e eram posicionados pelos Outros (BIZON, 2013) na sociedade à qual buscavam se integrar. Neste trabalho, analiso algumas das contribuições desse projeto para a configuração de uma política linguística pluricêntrica que coopere para a visibilização do PEC-G no processo de internacionalização das IES brasileiras, assim como para uma formação crítica dos estudantes e para a educação do entorno (MAHER, 2007).[1] Disponível em:< http://www.dce.mre.gov.br/PEC/PECG.php >. Acesso em 13 mar. 2018.
“DEPOIS DE TANTOS ANOS JUNTAS, VOCÊ SEQUER ME ENSINA SUA LÍNGUA”: NARRATIVAS SOBRE QUESTÕES BASILARES DA POLÍTICA LINGUÍSTICA DA COMUNIDADE SURDA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Lins Danielle Coelho
Published: October 2018

O presente artigo objetiva discutir como jovens estudantes surdos compreendem questões basilares da luta da comunidade surda brasileira – fortalecida ao longo das últimas décadas – em favor de uma Educação Bilíngue para Surdos que institui, dentre outras premissas, o ensino da LIBRAS como primeira língua e português como segunda língua. Dessas questões basilares relativas ao português, destacam-se: os usos sociais da língua nas vidas desses estudantes e as relações que eles constroem com pessoas ouvintes. Para tanto, são analisadas narrativas produzidas em conversas com alunos do sexto e sétimo anos do Ensino Fundamental II de uma escola de surdos localizada na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Essas conversas indicam avanços em direção à educação bilíngue pretendida, como, por exemplo, a percepção de que o uso do português, oral e/ou escrito, não é, necessariamente, uma prática geradora de traumas, como frequentemente relatado por gerações anteriores à Lei de LIBRAS (BRASIL, 2002). Contudo, outras narrativas ainda indiciam pontos de conflito, tais como os relatos de que algumas famílias de surdos não sabem ou sabem pouca língua de sinais. Espera-se, com a discussão promovida a partir das vozes dos estudantes aqui focalizados, levantar e observar os pontos mencionados para que possam subsidiar, em trabalhos futuros, a busca de caminhos para a operacionalização de uma educação bilíngue para surdos.
Career Choice, Barriers, and Prospects of Asian American Social Workers
Authors: Kwong Kenny
Published: October 2018

The current study explored factors influencing career choices of Asian American social workers and assessed if their personal characteristics and career-related experiences affected their perceived glass ceiling, perception of ethnic discrimination, and perception of career prospects.  A total of 208 Asian American social work administrators, supervisors, practitioners and graduate social work students participated in a comprehensive online survey.  Participants provided basic demographic and career-related information and completed a set of measures to explore their reasons of choosing social work as their career, and their career perceptions and prospects.  Correlation analyses and multiple regression analyses were used to identify predictors of their perception of ethnic discrimination, perceived glass ceiling, and perception of career prospects.  The findings showed that altruistic reasons were very important to extremely important in their choice of social work as their career.  Social work idealism was found to associate positively with both altruistic reasons and professional concerns of choosing social work.  There was a significant relationship between participant’s immigration status and family influence on their career choice.  Those who were not born in the U.S. were more likely to be influenced by their family in their career choice than those who were born in in the U.S.  Those whose parents were not born in the U.S. were more likely to be influenced by their family expectations on their career choice than either of their parents was born in the U.S.  Perceptions of organizational fairness was found to be a strong predictor of perceived glass ceiling, perception of ethnic discrimination, and perception of career prospects. Implications of the findings for social work education and future research were discussed.
Fracture of a Carbon Fiber Reinforced Intramedullary Femoral Nail
Authors: Vercio Robert C. , Basmajian Hrayr G.
Published: October 2018

Carbon fiber reinforced implants have emerged as an alternative to traditional stainless steel and titanium implants because of the improved visibility on advanced imaging and excellent biomechanical strength. This can be advantageous in patients with concern about fracture healing, tumor recurrence, or additional imaging requirements. However, limited long-term data are available to present complications from the use of these implants. We present the case of a failure of a carbon fiber reinforced intramedullary femoral nail used in a closed distal femur fracture.
Revision Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Chalmers Peter N. , Boileau Pascal , Romeo Anthony A. , Tashjian Robert Z.
Published: October 2018

As shoulder arthroplasty becomes increasingly common, the burden of revision shoulder arthroplasty is also increasing. Revision reverse shoulder arthroplasty requires an understanding of the causes of failure and the evaluation of these causes and their sequelae, including infection, instability, component loosening, humeral bone loss, and glenoid bone loss. Revision reverse shoulder arthroplasty is technically complex. On the humeral side, corticotomy may be required for component removal, and bone grafting may be necessary to achieve rotational stability and to restore humeral length and avoid undertensioning and instability. On the glenoid side, bone loss is common, structural bone grafting is not infrequently required, and proper component positioning is required to avoid impingement and component loosening. Although the outcomes are generally inferior to primary reverse total shoulder arthroplasty and complications and revision surgeries are common, revision procedures still lead to notable improvements in pain, motion, and function.
Cardiac Complications Related to Spine Surgery: Timing, Risk Factors, and Clinical Effect
Authors: Bovonratwet Patawut , Bohl Daniel D. , Malpani Rohil , Haynes Monique S. , Rubio Daniel R. , Ondeck Nathaniel T. , Shultz Blake N. , Mahal Amandeep R. , Grauer Jonathan N.
Published: October 2018

Introduction:

Large cohort studies evaluating cardiac complications in patients undergoing spine surgery are lacking. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence, timing, risk factors, and effect of cardiac complications in spine surgery by using a national database, the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program.

Methods:

Patients who underwent spine surgery in the 2005 to 2012 National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database were identified. The primary outcome was an occurrence of cardiac arrest or myocardial infarction during the operation or the 30-day postoperative period. Risk factors for development of cardiac complications were identified using multivariate regression. The postoperative length of stay, 30-day readmission, and mortality were compared between patients who did and did not experience a cardiac complication.

Results:

A total of 30,339 patients who underwent spine surgery were identified. The incidence of cardiac complications was 0.34% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.27% to 0.40%). Of the cases in which a cardiac complication developed, 30% were diagnosed after discharge. Risk factors for the development of cardiac complications were greater age (most notably ≥80 years, relative risk [RR] = 5.53; 95% CI = 2.28 to 13.43; P < 0.001), insulin-dependent diabetes (RR = 2.58; 95% CI = 1.51 to 4.41; P = 0.002), preoperative anemia (RR = 2.46; 95% CI = 1.62 to 3.76; P < 0.001), and history of cardiac disorders and treatments (RR = 1.88; 95% CI = 1.16 to 3.07; P = 0.011). Development of a cardiac complication before discharge was associated with a greater length of stay (7.9 versus 2.6 days; P < 0.001), and a cardiac complication after discharge was associated with increased 30-day readmission (RR = 12.32; 95% CI = 8.17 to 18.59; P < 0.001). Development of a cardiac complication any time during the operation or 30-day postoperative period was associated with increased mortality (RR = 113.83; 95% CI = 58.72 to 220.68; P < 0.001).

Discussion:

Perioperative cardiac complications were diagnosed in approximately 1 in 300 patients undergoing spine surgery. High-risk patients should be medically optimized and closely monitored through the perioperative period.

Level of Evidence:

Level III.
Impact of Smartphone: A Review on Positive and Negative Effects on Students
Authors: Singh Manvin Kaur Kuldip , Samah Narina A.
Published: October 2018

The use of smartphone among university students in the 21st century is seen as an important part of their life because of its advanced features. Students use their smartphones to accomplish their various daily tasks. Reviews from various studies reveled that students utilize smartphones for various objectives. Most of the students utilize smartphones for entertainment, social and education purposes. This study aims to review relevant literature on smartphone usage pattern among students and identify the positive and negative effect of smartphone on students by focusing on education, psychology and social aspect. Therefore, the review of this study is important in providing the outcome of smartphone use either it is positively or negatively effecting students life. This information is useful for researchers to conduct further studies in this field.