bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Mendelian Randomization Study on Infant Length and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Risk
Authors: Zhuang He , Zhang Ying , Yang Shuo , Cheng Liang , Liu Shu-Lin
Published: September 2019

Objective:

Infant length (IL) is a positively associated phenotype of type 2 diabetes mellitus
(T2DM), but the causal relationship of which is still unclear. Here, we applied a Mendelian randomization
(MR) study to explore the causal relationship between IL and T2DM, which has the potential to
provide guidance for assessing T2DM activity and T2DM- prevention in young at-risk populations.

Materials and Methods:

To classify the study, a two-sample MR, using genetic instrumental variables
(IVs) to explore the causal effect was applied to test the influence of IL on the risk of T2DM. In this
study, MR was carried out on GWAS data using 8 independent IL SNPs as IVs. The pooled odds ratio
(OR) of these SNPs was calculated by the inverse-variance weighted method for the assessment of the
risk the shorter IL brings to T2DM. Sensitivity validation was conducted to identify the effect of individual
SNPs. MR-Egger regression was used to detect pleiotropic bias of IVs.

Results:

The pooled odds ratio from the IVW method was 1.03 (95% CI 0.89-1.18, P = 0.0785), low
intercept was -0.477, P = 0.252, and small fluctuation of ORs ranged from -0.062 ((0.966 - 1.03) /
1.03) to 0.05 ((1.081 - 1.03) / 1.03) in leave-one-out validation.

Conclusion:

We validated that the shorter IL causes no additional risk to T2DM. The sensitivity analysis
and the MR-Egger regression analysis also provided adequate evidence that the above result was
not due to any heterogeneity or pleiotropic effect of IVs.
Size of the Adult HIV-Infected Population Adjusted for the Unreported AIDS Mortality in the Santa Catarina State, Brazil, 2008-2017
Authors: Tombini Larissa Hermes Thomas , Kupek Emil
Published: September 2019

Objective:

To estimate the number of 15-79-year-old individuals infected with HIV in the
Santa Catarina state, Brazil, during the period 2008-2017.

Methods:

Three official registers of the HIV-infected individuals were compiled: SINAN for the
HIV/AIDS epidemiological surveillance, SIM for mortality and SISCEL for the HIV viral load and
CD4/CD8 cell count. Their records were linked by a unique personal identifier. Capture-recapture
estimates were obtained by log-linear modelling with both the main effects and interaction between
the registers, adjusted for age, sex and period. An adjustment for underreporting of AIDS-related
deaths used published data on ill-defined causes of death and AIDS mortality.

Results:

After data sorting, 67340 HIV/AIDS records were identified: 29734 (44.2%) by SINAN,
5540 (8.2%) by SIM and 32066 (47.6%) by SISCEL. After record linkage, the HIV population size
was estimated at 45707, whereas the capture-recapture method added 44 individuals. The number of
new HIV/AIDS notifications per year increased significantly in 2014-2017 compared to the period
2011-2013 among 15-34-year-old men and less so for older men and women. Including 1512 unreported
AIDS-related deaths gave an estimated 47263 HIV-infected individuals with 95% confidence
interval (CI) of 47245-47282 and corresponding incidence of 93 (95% CI 91-96) p/100000. Case ascertainment
of 62.9%, 78.5% and 67.8% was estimated for SINAN, SIM and SISCEL, respectively.

Conclusion:

Three major HIV/AIDS registers in Brazil showed significant under-notification of the
HIV/AIDS epidemiological surveillance amenable to significant improvement by routine record
linkage.
One-Pot, Regioselective Synthesis of Homopropargyl Alcohols using Propargyl Bromide and Carbonyl Compound by the Mg-mediated Reaction under Solvent-free Conditions
Authors: Ma Xiaofang , Li Shunxi , Devaramani Samrat , Zhao Guohu , Xu Daqian
Published: September 2019

The elimination of volatile organic solvents in organic synthesis is the most important goal
in “Green” chemistry. We report a simple, efficient and facile method for the addition of progargyl
bromide to carbonyl compounds using Mg metal as a mediator under solvent-free conditions which
could regioselectively generate homopropargyl alcohols efficiently in good to excellent yields. The
procedure has advantages such as short reaction time, operationally simple, excellent product yields,
high regioselectivity and organic solvent-free.
Rapid Screening and Quantification of Multi-Class Multi-Residue Veterinary Drugs in Pork by a Modified Quechers Protocol Coupled to UPLC-QOrbitrap HRMS
Authors: Wang Liya , Qi Chunyan , Wang Lidan , Wang Tingcai , Lei Yi , Zeng Xuefang , Liu Jiafei , Liang Xuxia , Huang Lixin , Wu Yongning
Published: September 2019

Background:

A rapid and simple analytical method for the screening and quantification of multi-residues was established by a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe (QuEChERS) approach coupled to ultra-performance liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization quadrupole orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS). A total number of 59 veterinary drugs were investigated, which belonged to 12 classes, such as β-agonist, quinolones, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, lincomycin series, triphenylmethane, nitroimidazoles, macrolides, amide alcohols, quinoxalines, steroid hormone and sedatives.

Methods:

The factors which influence the determination of veterinary drugs residues, such as mobile phase, extract solvent, clean up sorbent, and re-dissolved solvent, were optimized by the single factor experiment. The method was sufficiently validated by using the parameters of linearity, sensitivity, accuracy, and repeatability.

Results:

The response of the detector was linear for 59 veterinary drug residues in extensive range (two to three orders of magnitude) with a high coefficient of determination (R2) (0.9995-0.9998). The limit of quantification (LOQ) ranged from 0.1μg/kg to 2.0μg/kg for 59 veterinary drug residues in pork samples. The repeatability was in the range of 1.0%-9.5%. Average recoveries of 59 veterinary drugs at three spiked levels ranged from 53.7%-117.8% with relative standard deviation (RSD) of 1.9%-13.9%. The full MS scan coupled with data-dependent MS/MS mode was applied for screening the target compounds to simultaneously obtain the accurate mass of parent ion and the mass spectrum of fragments. Elemental composition, accurate mass, and retention time and characteristic fragment ions were used to establish a homemade database.

Conclusion:

The ability of the homemade database was verified by analyzing the real pork samples, and the result was satisfactory.
Fabrication of Latex-based Nanofibers by Electrospinning
Authors: Zhou Chan-Juan , Chen Chen , Zhou Hong-yu , He Ji-Huan
Published: September 2019

Background:

Natural latex has been widely used in medical gloves, gas masks and nipples
characterized by high elasticity, good film-forming performance and flexible film, but it is seldom used
in nanomaterials. Electrospinning is an effective technology for manufacturing microfibrous or nanofibrous
membranes. Latex-based nanofibers can be fabricated by electrospinning. Few relevant patents
to the topic have been reviewed and cited.

Methods:

The natural rubber latex and PVA solution were prepared for electrospinning in this study.

Results:

When the rubber tends to nano scales, the flexibility of natural rubber gets enhanced.
Additionally, the latex fluid can be used as an additive to improve mechanical property of nanofibers.

Conclusion:

The electrospinning rubber nanofibers shed a new light on rubber industry.
Influence of Nanocellulose Additive on the Film Properties of Native Rice Starch-based Edible Films for Food Packaging
Authors: Jeevahan Jeya , Chandrasekaran Manoharan
Published: September 2019

Background & Objective:

Starch-based edible films, which are transparent, odourless, biodegradable, tasteless, and semi-permeable to gases and food additives, have attracted the attention of the research community as the alternative food packaging materials to synthetic plastics. However, they pose poor water resistance and mechanical strength that should be improved for food packaging application. Few relevant patents to the topic have been reviewed and cited.

Methods:

Inclusion of nanoadditives in starch films can not only improve their mechanical and barrier properties but also can act as antimicrobial agent, oxygen scavenger, and biosensor. The present investigation is focussed on the effects of nanocellulose extracted from banana pseudostems on the film properties of rice starch-based edible films. Nanocellulose was extracted from dried banana pseudostems through isolation of cellulose and acid hydrolysis. Rice starch-based edible films were prepared through solution casting by adding nanocellulose of varying concentrations (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% & 10%).

Results:

The film properties, such as Water Vapour Permeability (WVP), mechanical strength (tensile strength, Young's modulus and percentage of elongation), film solubility in water and film colour, were determined. The test results were discussed and the effects of nanocellulose additives were studied.

Conclusion:

From the results, it was clear that the addition of nanocellulose had improved the film properties, making the rice starch-based edible films a promising choice for food packaging applications.
Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Dimethoxy and Trimethoxy Indanonic Spiroisoxazolines Against Cancerous Liver Cells
Authors: Abolhasani Ahmad , Heidari Fatemeh , Noori Somayeh , Mousavi Shokoufeh , Abolhasani Hoda
Published: September 2019

Background:

3'-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4'-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-4'H-spiro
[indene-2,5'-isoxazol]-1(3H)-one and 4'-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-3'-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-
4'H-spiro[indene-2,5'-isoxazol]-1(3H)-one compounds containing indanonic spiroisoxazoline
core are widely known for their antiproliferative activities and investigation of
tubulin binding modes.

Objective:

To evaluate the cytotoxicity effect of Dimethoxy and Trimethoxy Indanonic Spiroisoxazolines
against HepG2 cancerous liver cell line and to perform a comparison with
other known anti-liver cancer drugs.

Methods:

The evaluation of cytotoxicity of dimethoxy and trimethoxy indanonic spiroisoxazoline
compounds, Oxaliplatin, Doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil and Cisplatin against HepG2
(hepatocellular liver carcinoma) cell line has been performed using MTT assay and analyzed
by GraphPad PRISM software (version 8.0.2).

Results:

Potent cytotoxicity effects against HepG2 cell line, comparable to Cisplatin (IC50=
0.047±0.0045 µM), Oxaliplatin (IC50= 0.0051µM), Doxorubicin (IC50= 0.0014µM) and 5-
fluorouracil (IC50= 0.0089 µM), were shown by both dimethoxy (IC50= 0.059±0.012 µM)
and trimethoxy (IC50= 0.086±0.019 µM) indanonic spiroisoxazoline compounds.

Conclusion:

In vitro biological evaluations revealed that dimethoxy and trimethoxy indanonic
spiroisoxazoline compounds are good candidates for the development of new anti-liver
cancer agents.
Explosion in Virtual Assets (Cryptocurrencies)
Authors: Cerecedo Hernández Daniel , Franco Ruiz Carlos Armando , Contreras-Valdez Mario Iván , Franco Ruiz Jovan Axel
Published: September 2019

El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la presencia de burbujas financieras o un comportamiento explosivo en cuatro criptomonedas: Ethereum, Ripple, Bitcoin Cash y EOS. La selección de los activos se basó en la capitalización de mercado. La metodología implementada fue una prueba simple y generalizada (SADF y GSADF) de una variación de la prueba aumentada de Dickey-Fuller propuesta por Phillips et al. (2011, 2015). Encontramos diez, siete, seis y siete comportamientos exuberantes en los activos mencionados, respectivamente. Esta metodología ha sido en gran parte inexplorada y podría emplearse de manera estándar en el sector financiero para cualquier otro activo. Esta es la primera investigación que detecta este tipo de comportamiento para un grupo de criptomonedas con frecuencia diaria. Con el presente trabajo y el artículo de Li et al. (2018), el 68,47% del mercado ha sido analizado bajo la metodología. En consecuencia, este comportamiento podría estar disperso en todo el sector.
Comparison of the costs of the defined-benefit and the defined-contribution schemes under an actuarial methodology
Authors: Aguirre Farías Francisco Miguel , Aguirre Villarreal Francisco Miguel , López-Barrientos José Daniel
Published: September 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo es utilizar herramientas básicas de análisis actuarial para demostrar por primera vez que el costo del financiamiento del esquema de beneficio-definido es igual al de un esquema de contribución-definida siempre que estos planes otorguen beneficios iguales en términos de cantidad y condiciones para obtenerlos, y llevamos a cabo nuestros cálculos usando las mismas hipótesis financieras y biométricas.

Enunciamos nuestros resultados en términos de un cálculo individual y de un modelo grupal (en el segundo caso, el esquema de beneficio definido requiere del cómputo de una prima media general); y en ambos escenarios, estudiamos la posibilidad de la jubilación anticipada con portabilidad total y parcial.

Nuestra recomendación general es abandonar el debate sobre qué esquema es más caro. La principal limitante de nuestra investigación es también su mayor fortaleza: hemos demostrado que no hay predominio de ninguno de los planes sobre el otro cuando no hay otras distorsiones del mercado laboral; lo que significa que la discusión podría continuar vigente si consideramos la presencia de tales factores.
Social Weights and the Regional Allocation of Inter-Governmental Transfers
Authors: Ponce Rodriguez Raul Alberto , Ponce Rodriguez Benito Alan
Published: September 2019

Desarrollamos una teoría de transferencias intergubernamentales optimas y un análisis de simulación que nos permite estimar las transferencias óptimas de recursos del gobierno central a los gobiernos estatales en México. Nuestros resultados son: Primero, nuestros modelos demuestran que el mejor predictor de las transferencias intergubernamentales observadas en México es la densidad poblacional. Segundo, nuestro trabajo provee recomendaciones de política económica al proporcionar estimaciones sobre la proporción óptima de transferencias intergubernamentales a los estados en México. Nuestro análisis es el primero en desarrollar estimaciones de las transferencias intergubernamentales al utilizar funciones paramétricas Paretianas de la distribución regional del ingreso y las preferencias inter-regionales por el gasto público local. Nuestras estimaciones ayudan a entender las ventajas y desventajas del sistema actual de transferencias y, adicionalmente, propone una alternativa de asignación de las transferencias intergubernamentales que podría mejorar el bienestar asociado con el gasto público local en México.
Adherence to Electronic Health Tools Among Vulnerable Groups: Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Arsenijevic Jelena , Tummers Lars , Bosma Niels
Published: September 2019

Background

Electronic health (eHealth) tools are increasingly being applied in health care. They are expected to improve access to health care, quality of health care, and health outcomes. Although the advantages of using these tools in health care are well described, it is unknown to what extent eHealth tools are effective when used by vulnerable population groups, such as the elderly, people with low socioeconomic status, single parents, minorities, or immigrants.

Objective

This study aimed to examine whether the design and implementation characteristics of eHealth tools contribute to better use of these tools among vulnerable groups.

Methods

In this systematic review, we assessed the design and implementation characteristics of eHealth tools that are used by vulnerable groups. In the meta-analysis, we used the adherence rate as an effect size measure. The adherence rate is defined as the number of people who are repetitive users (ie, use the eHealth tool more than once). We also performed a meta-regression analysis to examine how different design and implementation characteristics influenced the adherence rate.

Results

Currently, eHealth tools are continuously used by vulnerable groups but to a small extent. eHealth tools that use multimodal content (such as videos) and have the possibility for direct communication with providers show improved adherence among vulnerable groups.

Conclusions

eHealth tools that use multimodal content and provide the possibility for direct communication with providers have a higher adherence among vulnerable groups. However, most of the eHealth tools are not embedded within the health care system. They are usually focused on specific problems, such as diabetes or obesity. Hence, they do not provide comprehensive services for patients. This limits the use of eHealth tools as a replacement for existing health care services.
A Smartphone App Designed to Empower Patients to Contribute Toward Safer Surgical Care: Community-Based Evaluation Using a Participatory Approach
Authors: Russ Stephanie , Latif Zahira , Hazell Ahmarah Leah , Ogunmuyiwa Helen , Tapper Josephine , Wachuku-King Sylvia , Sevdalis Nick , Ocloo Josephine
Published: September 2019

Background

MySurgery is a smartphone app designed to increase patient and carer involvement in behaviors that contribute toward safety in surgical care.

Objective

This study presents a pilot evaluation of MySurgery in which we evaluated surgical patients’ perceptions of the app in terms of its content, usability, and potential impacts on communication and safety.

Methods

A participatory action research (PAR) approach was used to formulate a research steering group consisting of 5 public representatives and 4 researchers with equal decision-making input. Surgical patients were recruited from the community using multiple approaches, including Web based (eg, social media, recruitment websites, and charitable or voluntary organizations) and face to face (via community centers). Participants referred to MySurgery before, during, and after their surgery and provided feedback via an embedded questionnaire and using reflective notes.

Results

A diverse mix of 42 patients took part with good representation from 2 “seldom heard” groups: those with a disability and those from a black, Asian, or minority ethnic group. Most were very supportive of MySurgery, particularly those with previous experience of surgery and those who felt comfortable to be involved in conversations and decisions around their care. The app showed particular potential to empower patients to become involved in their care conversations and safety-related behaviors. Perceptions did not differ according to age, ethnicity, or length of hospital stay. Suggestions for improving the app included how to make it more accessible to certain groups, for example, those with a disability.

Conclusions

MySurgery is a novel technology-driven approach for empowering patients to play a role in improving surgical safety that seems feasible for use within the United Kingdom’s National Health Service. Adopting a PAR approach and the use of a diversity strategy considerably enhanced the research process in terms of gaining diverse participant recruitment and patient and public involvement. Further testing with stakeholder groups will follow.
“Positive Peers”: Function and Content Development of a Mobile App for Engaging and Retaining Young Adults in HIV Care
Authors: Step Mary M , McMillen Smith Jennifer , Kratz Joshua , Briggs Julia , Avery Ann
Published: September 2019

Background

Although treatment for HIV infection is widely available and well tolerated, less than 30% of adolescents and young adults living with HIV infection achieve stable viral suppression. Mobile technology affords increased opportunities for young people living with HIV to engage with information, health management tools, and social connections that can support adherence to treatment recommendations and medication. Although mobile apps are increasingly prevalent, few are informed by the target population.

Objective

The objective of this study was to describe the “Positive Peers” app, a mobile app currently being evaluated in a public hospital in the Midwestern United States. Formative development, key development strategies, user recruitment, and lessons learned are discussed in this paper.

Methods

“Positive Peers” was developed in collaboration with a community advisory board (CAB) comprising in-care young adults living with HIV and a multidisciplinary project team. Mobile app functions and features were developed over iterative collaborative sessions that were tailored to the CAB members. In turn, the CAB built rapport with the project team and revealed unique information that was used in app development.

Results

The study was funded on September 1, 2015; approved by the MetroHealth Institutional Review Board on August 31, 2016; and implemented from October 11, 2016, to May 31, 2019. The “Positive Peers” mobile app study has enrolled 128 users who reflect priority disparity population subgroups. The app administrator had frequent contact with users across app administration and study-related activities. Key lessons learned from the study include changing privacy concerns, data tracking reliability, and user barriers. Intermediate and outcome variable evaluation is expected in October 2019.

Conclusions

Successful development of the “Positive Peers” mobile app was supported by multidisciplinary expertise, an enthusiastic CAB, and a multifaceted, proactive administrator.
Immersive Virtual Reality in Health Care: Systematic Review of Technology and Disease States
Authors: Snoswell Aaron J , Snoswell Centaine L
Published: September 2019

Background

Immersive virtual reality (IVR) presents new possibilities for application in health care. Health care professionals can now immerse their patients in environments to achieve exposure to a specific scene or experience, evoke targeted emotional responses, inspire, or distract from an experience occurring in reality.

Objective

This review aimed to identify patient-focused applications for head-mounted IVR for acute treatment of health conditions and determine the technical specifications of the systems used.

Methods

A systematic review was conducted by searching medical and engineering peer-reviewed literature databases in 2018. The databases included PubMed, EMBASE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Association for Computing Machinery, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Scopus, and Web of Science. Search terms relating to health and IVR were used. To be included, studies had to investigate the effectiveness of IVR for acute treatment of a specific health condition. IVR was defined as a head-mounted platform that provides virtual and auditory immersion for the participant and includes a minimum of 3 degrees of orientation tracking. Once identified, data were extracted from articles and aggregated in a narrative review format.

Results

A total of 58 studies were conducted in 19 countries. The studies reported IVR use for 5 main clinical areas: neurological and development (n=10), pain reduction through distraction (n=20), exposure therapy for phobias (n=9), psychological applications (n=14), and others (n=5). Studies were primarily feasibility studies exploring systems and general user acceptance (n=29) and efficacy studies testing clinical effect (n=28).

Conclusions

IVR has a promising future in health care, both in research and commercial realms. As many of the studies examined are still exploring the feasibility of IVR for acute treatment of health conditions, evidence for the effectiveness of IVR is still developing.
Factores edafoclimáticos en la producción y calidad del pasto Saboya (Holcus lanatus L.) en el Altiplano de Nariño
Authors: Apráez Edmundo , Gálvez Arturo , Apraez Julian
Published: September 2019

La ganadería de leche en el departamento de Nariño depende en gran medida de la oferta forrajera cuya calidad nutritiva y producción se ven afectadas principalmente por las condiciones climáticas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue establecer la incidencia de los factores edafoclimáticos en la producción y calidad del pasto Saboya (Holcus lanatus L.) en el Altiplano de Nariño. El estudio se realizó en tres zonas: zona 1)  en tres localidades del municipio de Guachucal, entre 3050-3300 msnm; zona 2) tres del municipio de Ipiales, entre 2800-3049 msnm; zona 3) tres del municipio de Pasto, entre 2500-2650 msnm. Se muestrearon parcelas con pasto Saboya (Holcus lanatus L.) sin laboreo, donde se midieron variables climáticas, agronómicas, edáficas y bromatológicas, con el fin de determinar el grado de correlación entre ellas. Los resultados cuantitativos se sometieron a un Análisis Multivariado de Componentes Principales (ACP) y los cualitativos a un Análisis de Correspondencias Múltiples (ACM). Se concluyó que para obtener los mejores rendimientos del pasto Saboya (H. lanatus) a alturas entre los 2800-3049 msnm, se necesita de un suelo suelto, materia orgánica de 5-6% y un pH de 6 a 7. Además, se determinó que H. lanatus crece bien a una temperatura de 10ºC, humedad relativa del 83%, precipitación anual de 800 a 900 mm y una luminosidad de 25 klx. Entre 3050-3300 msnm, se requiere de un suelo suelto, materia orgánica superior al 10% y pH entre 5 y 6. El pasto se adapta bien a una temperatura de 10 a 12ºC, humedad relativa del 86,28% y precipitación pluvial de 923 mm anuales.
Da Guerra ao Iraque à Primavera Arabe: mídias digitais e ativismo transnacional
Authors: Mannheimer Vivian , Ituassu Arthur , Capone Leticia
Published: September 2019

O objetivo desta pesquisa é identificar os principais atores de dois episódios recentes do ativismo transnacional e o papel das mídias digitais para protestos. A partir de uma revisão de literatura serão analisados dois casos emblemáticos: os protestos coordenados de 15 fevereiro de 2003 contra a iminente Guerra ao Iraque e os de 2011 no Egito, no contexto da Primavera Árabe. Serão trabalhadas as seguintes questões nos casos estudados: 1) Quem são os principais ativistas nesses dois contextos?; 2) Por que trata-se de eventos transnacionais? 3) de que forma as mídias digitais são utilizadas?
Adjuvant application of trastuzumab in HER2 positive breast cancer and impact on time to relapse
Authors: Dukic Nikolina , Gojkovic Zdenka , Vladicic-Masic Jelena , Masic Srdjan , Lalovic Nenad , Popovic Sladjana
Published: September 2019

Background: Of all breast cancers 20-25% are HER2 positive. Overexpression of HER2 protein on the surface of the malignant cell leads to excessive cell proliferation through different signaling pathways. Trastuzumab is a human monoclonal antibody that binds to domain IV of HER2 receptor and blocks signaling pathway for proliferation. The result is an improved prognosis for HER 2 positive breast cancer patients, even when compared to patients with other types of breast cancers. Methods: The study presents 74 women patients with early HER2 positive breast cancer who were previously operated (either radicaly or using breast conserving surgery), and received adjuvant chemo- and radiotherapy. Fourty four patients received adjuvant trastuzumab for one year, and 30 patients did not (control group). Observed time to relapse of the disease was 60 months. Results: There was a significant difference in survival in favor of the group that received trastuzumab (p<0.001). Application of trastuzumab also delayed relapse of the disease by 51.7%. No significant difference was observed between estrogen receptor positive and estrogen receptor negative cancers., In the control group there was a significant difference in relapse free survival in favor of estrogen and progesteron receptor positive tumors (p<0.001). Conclusion: Survival of patients with a HER2 positive breast cancer whose prognosis was initially worse compared to HER2 negative patients, significantly improved after administration of trastuzumab.
Epidemiological and pathological characteristics of post-surgical cases of invasive breast cancer among ethnicities of Iran in 2018: A single center cross-sectional study
Authors: Sayad Soheila , Ahmadi Seyyed , Nekouian Reza , Panahi Mahshid , Anbari Khatereh
Published: September 2019

Background: Present study aimed to investigate immunohistochemical parameters in post-surgical cases of invasive breast cancer. Methods: In this single center cross-sectional study we investigated ethnicity, familial history, type of cancer, stage of cancer, lymph node positivity, bilateral involvement, metastasis and immunohistochemical parameters (estrogen and progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, as well as frequency of triple positive and triple negative patients merely based on immunohistochemical parameters). Results: Frequency of positive familial history was 27.42% (16.31-38.52%). Lymph node involvement was detected in 55.93% (43.26-68.60%) of the cases. Frequency of positive HER2 was 38.60% (25.96-51.23%). There were 17.54% (7.67-27.42%) of triple positive and 7.02% (0.39-13.65%) of triple negative cases. The most common stage at the time of diagnosis was stage 3 with 43.33% (30.79-55.87%) frequency. In Lur/Lak population higher frequency of positive HER2 cases was detected whereas in Mazani population frequency of positive HER2 cases was low (p=0.0291). Conclusions: These results could contribute to understanding of breast cancer patterns among different ethnicities. In order to draw clear conclusion future investigations have to be done in several health centers, for longer time periods and with larger number of patients.
Consequences of humanitarian interventionism
Authors: Lukic Aleksandar
Published: September 2019

In this paper, the author explores the problem of humanitarian interventions
and critically examines theories of intervention. According to those
theories, the duty to react is one of the key arguments for intervening.
However, it turns out that such a duty is, as a rule, linked to some
political interest which in fact constitutes a primary motive for
intervention. Humanity, therefore, fails in such actions that are, as a
rule, military and have a coercive and destructive character.
Effects of Character Recognition with Shell Histogram Method Using Plate Characters
Authors: UZUN ARSLAN Rukiye , İNCETAŞ Mürsel Ozan , DİKİCİ Sedat
Published: September 2019

Character recognition
is a study that has been used in various fields for many years. In character
recognition, the aim is to identify the various texts, letters and symbols in
the images as accurately and quickly as possible. In addition to the Optical
Character Recognition (OCT) method, which is used as a very common method,
there are many feature extraction methods in which character image features are
compared. In this study, which is presented as another feature extraction
method, the letters on the license plates are recognized. The characters were
examined using the circular shape histogram technique and histograms were
obtained from the sectors within the circular regions. Feature vectors for
letter characters were created using character pixel densities in sectors.
Feature vectors are analyzed linearly and an alternative quick character
recognition method is presented. With the proposed method, the element numbers
of the feature vectors are kept constant. In this way, both the processing
speed is increased and the processing speed variations are minimized. The
results show that the proposed method requires lesser parameters than the OCT
method, but also has a significant success rate according to known feature
extraction methods.
Analisis Efisiensi Pasar Modal Indonesia Periode 1998-2000 (Studi pada PT. Bursa Efek Jakarta)
Authors: Nursiam Nursiam , Puteranto Lastiyono Doso
Published: September 2019

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Keadilan Prosedural dalam Hubungan Antara Budgetary Goal Characteristic dan Kinerja Manajerial Pejabat Pemerintah
Authors: Bawono Andy Dwi Bayu
Published: September 2019

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Efektifitas Evaluasi Potensi Pajak Daerah Sebagai Sumber Pendapatan Asli Daerah
Authors: Suwarno Agus Endro , Suhartiningsih Suhartiningsih
Published: September 2019

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MODEL KURIKULUM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM MULTIKULTURAL DI PONDOK PESANTREN MODERN ISLAM ASSALAM SURAKARTA
Authors: Aly Abdullah
Published: September 2019

This research aims to: (1) investigate the curriculum planning of Assalaam Modern Islamic Boarding School Surakarta (henceforth MIBS) and its multicultural values; (2) understand the implementation of Assalaam MIBS curriculum and its multicultural values; (3) reveal the curriculum evaluation of  Assalaam MIBS and its multicultural values; and (4) search a model of curriculum development for multicultural Islamic Boarding Schools. This research produces 4 find- ings. First, closely investigated from multicultural perspectives, the curriculum planning of Assalaam  MIBS  includes  both  multicultural  values  (democratic  and  justice  values)  and  antimulticultural values (discrimination and injustice values). Second, in the curriculum implementation, both multicultural and antimulticultural values are exposed to students. While the values of democracy, solidarity, togetherness, love, forgiveness, peace and tolerance are embedded in the learning materials, activities, and evaluation, the values of discrimination and injustice are found in the learning references, available only for special service program as opposed to regular programs. Third, the curriculum evaluation contains multicultural values such as democracy, peace, tolerance, and togetherness particularly embedded in the processes and product of curriculum evaluation. On the other hand, conflict, hegemony and domination values are found in the interac- tion among students in daily school environments. Fourth, the model curriculum of multicultural Islamic Boarding School needs to consider three aspects: (1) the planning of the multicultural Islamic boarding school curriculum is determined by its process and product; (2) the implementation of the multicultural Islamic Boarding school curriculum is determined by the textbooks that contain multicultural values; learning strategies that stimulate students’ active participation in democratic and interesting learning activities; and evaluation of contextual and comprehensive learning results by making use of oral and written tests, portfolios, and assignments; and (3) the evaluation of the multicultural Islamic Boarding School curriculum is determined by its process and product.
Profil Kompetensi Profesional Guru Mapel Biologi Pasca Sertifikasi di Karesidenan Surakarta
Authors: Anif Sofyan
Published: September 2019

As stated in UU No. 14, 2005 and PP No. 74, 2008 that teachers as proffessional educator have to possess four competences, namely: pedagogic, proffessional, character, and social. However the condition in Indonesia is not like that. In general, they are in low category, specifically in pedagogic and proffessional. Those conditions happen in biology teachers and other teacher subjects. Then the aim of this study is to observe the profile of biology teachers especially their proffessional competence pasca sertification in Surakarta residance. The population of this study is all biology teachers (332 persons) that have rechieved sertification through direct, portofolio, and PLPG program. Purposive random sampling is used to get 116 teachers. Data are collected by depth interview, documentation, and test, then the collected data are analysed by descriptive qualitative. The result shows that the profile of proffessional competence of biology teachers can be grouped into three: low, middle, and high. The teachers are low in: concept implementation, using tool of measurements, biology experiment planning, using the result of reflection, self reflection, understanding the principles and theories of savety work, doing action research, and understanding the steps of biology experiement correctly. The teachers are middle in: understanding the objective of the study, creative and innovative in implementing and developing science of biology nad correlated sciences, undesrtanding thinking process of biology, using symbolic language, undesrtanding standard competence, and understanding the scoupe of biology. They are high in: understanding the structure biology science and its correlation, selecting the material, cooking the material creatively, understanding the concepts, laws, and biology theories, undesrtanding the history of the natural science, specifically biology, understanding the basic competence of the subject or topic, updating their knowledge from many sources, and rationally qualitatively and quantitatively in understanding the process and biology law.
Bahan Ajar Bahasa Indonesia Tematik Berkarakter dan Berbudaya dengan Sastra Anak Bagi Siswa SD
Authors: Irawati Retno Purnama
Published: September 2019

The development of character values and cultural values is a long process start- ing from the initial incoming students to completion of an educational unit. In fact, the pro- cess starts from the kindergarten continues to elementary school and lasted at least until the 9th grade or last grade of junior high school. The development process of character and cultural values carried by each subject, and in each curricular and extracurricular activities, through all subjects, personal development, and education unit. This study seeks to describe the profile of Indonesian subjects teaching materials in the current elementary school according to teachers and students opinions and the needs of students and teach- ers towards Indonesian subjects thematic teaching materials which contains character and cultural values. Research and development is applied to the field of education . The subjects of research were elementary school students and elementary schools teachers in Ungaran and Semarang. 27 people (29 %) of teachers declared that there are Indonesian textbooks were still least helpful in teaching. 8 people (9 %) of teachers stated that the Indonesian textbooks were incomplete. 85 people (91 %) of teachers want the Indonesian textbook to be more complete, making it easier for teachers to teach.
Validitas Soal-Soal Ujian Nasional Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Untuk SMP/ MTs
Authors: Muyasaroh Siti Jamilatul
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this research is to find out the level of the content validity and con struct validity of the questions of the national assessment of Indonesian language subject for junior high school / MTs. The Research method applied in this research was qualitative research method. This research employed the qualitative analysis. To support this qualita tive research, the writer used some tools in the data analysis. They are 1) to figure out the content validity, the writer had matched the test items with the indicators listed in the SKL (Graduation Standard Competency) of the Indonesian Language subject 20102011 aca demic years; 2) For the construct validity, the writer used the evaluation format of multiple choice test items by applying material aspect, construct aspect, and language and culture aspect. After the research was conducted, it can be concluded that the questions of the National Assessment of Indonesian Language Subject for Junior High School / MTs in the 20102012 academic years have high content validity and construct validity. The content validity, the entire indicators in the SKL (Graduation Standard Competency) has been ap plied in the test items. However, the writer found that there are two indicators that are used in four test items. In fact, each indicator should be applied in one test item. The construct validity, by using analysis method of the evaluation format of multiplechoice test items, the writer figured out that 56% 100 % test items are appropriate with the aspects. Meanwhile, the test items which are not deal with the aspects are 16 – 44%.
Penerapan Pembelajaran Tematik Kurikulum 2013 oleh Guru SD/MI di Desa Klepek Kecamatan Sukosewu Kabupaten Bojonegoro Semester Gasal Tahun Ajaran 2014/2015
Authors: Indriani Ari
Published: September 2019

Elementary school is the starting point of formal education in Indonesia. While this study has the objective to provide insight to the teacher on the application of thematic learning curriculum 2013 that includes planning, implementing and assessing thematic learning curriculum in 2013. Thematic learning curriculum 2013 that applicable in elementary school / MI is an integrated thematic learning, learning to integrate material from multiple subjects in a single theme to cultivate a skill on learners. The subjects in this study are teachers in elementary school / MI in Klepek Sukosewu District of Bojonegoro and methods of data collection use interviews and questionnaires. The conclusion from this study is that the learned predetermined theme of the center located at Master Books, learning methods used according to the theme being studied, while the valuation techniques used are based on attitude.
Revealing Problems on Teaching English for Young Learners at Al – Azhar 55 Islamic Primary School Yogyakarta and How to Solve Them
Authors: Widodo Anang , Dewi Septi Riana
Published: September 2019

The present paper aims to reveal the problems faced by teachers when teaching English for second – grade students at Al – Azhar 55 Islamic Primary Schoolin Yogyakarta. This bilingual school is considered as a pilot project which began theprogram in July 2016. There are only 2 classes which are the first and second grade.However, this study involved 21 second-grade students, 2 homeroom teachers, and 1native speaker. Qualitative method was applied in this study by combining documentanalysis, observation, and interview both students and the teachers. The results showsome problems occurred during teaching and learning process and how the teachersovercome them. The problems were (1) students’ lack of discipline during teaching andlearning process (2) the variety of students’ English ability, (3) difficulty in creating habit to use English as daily language, and (4) less support from parents. While, the solutions were (1) applying Class Dojo application, (2) providing the preparation class, (3) support and assistance from teachers and friends, and (4) hands – on learning.
KADAR LOGAM BERAT Pb (TIMBAL) SUSU KAMBING YANG DIBERI PAKAN SILASE LIMBAH SAYURAN
Authors: Falahudin Aaf , Rahmah U.I.L.
Published: September 2019

The aim of this research is to get information of heavy metal content of Pb in goat milk fed with vegetables waste silage which is safe to be consumed by society. The experiments were carried out by using 16 pregnant 2 - 2,5 years old goat who were treated until the mother was lactated. The experimental design used was Completely Randomized Design with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments applied were as follows: T0 = 100% forage (mixture of grass and legume), T1 = 80% forage + 20% vegetables waste silage, T2 = 60% forage + 40% silage vegetables waste, and T3 = 40% forage + 60% waste silage vegetables. The experiment was conducted for 5 months. The research results show that the feed silage vegetables waste very real produce milk production daily higher than the control of grass. The provision of silage vegetables waste very real produce metal Pb levels higher than control and be above threshold SNI 3141.1: 2011. So that it can be concluded that the silage vegetables waste not advisable done by farmers due to metal Pb in goat milk is still not safe to be consumed. Keywords : Silage, Vegetables Waste, Pb, Goat Milk.
STUDI KASUS TINGKAT INFEKSI CACING PADA PETERNAKAN KAMBING BOER DI KABUPATEN BANYUMAS
Authors: Indradji Mohandas , Yuwono Endro , Indrasanti Diana , Samsi Muhamad , Sufriyanto Sufriyanto , R. Asep Herlan , Herdiana Budi
Published: September 2019

The worm infections can cause a decrease in livestock productivity, were in the form of a decrease in body weight, milk production, growth restriction, decrease immunity to disease, even death. Research on worm disease in Boer goats aims to determine the infection rate of Nematodiasis and Trematodiasis in goats with various age levels, young and adult age groups. This research method is survey with sampling technique is sampling by the judgment. The data analysis of the research was prevalence study and Chi-Square analysis (X2). The examination of worm eggs in feces on the research used centrifuge method. The results of examination on 30 samples of Boer goats showed that 93.33% of Boer goats were infected by Nematodes and 13.33% of Boer goats were infected by Trematoda. Infection rates of Nematodes and Trematoda were not showed any significant differences between the two groups. The low level of Trematodiasis in Boer goats indicates that Boer goats in Banyumas district are resistant to Trematoda worm infections. Keywords: Boer Goats, Centrifuge Method, Chi-Square Analysis, Infection Rate, Worm Infection
PENGARUH IMBANGAN PROTEIN DAN ENERGI TERHADAP EFISIENSI PENGGUNAAN RANSUM PADA DOMBA GARUT BETINA
Authors: Ayuningsih Budi , Hernaman Iman , Ramdani Diky , Siswoyo Siswoyo
Published: September 2019

This research aimed to study the effect of protein and energy on Diet Use Efficiency of female Garut sheep. Four different treatments diets of different protein to TDN (energy) ration such as R1=11.53%:63.13%; R2=10.78%:70.06%; R3=13.54%:63.18%; and R4=13.67%:69.18% were allocated to 20 heads of female Garut sheep with 7-8 months old and average body weight 15.72 ± 1.33 kg. Completely randomized design was used and collected data  was analyzed with Duncan’s test. The results showed that highest diet use efficiency and protein consumption (P<0.05) were seen in R4 treatment, 13.09% and 94.04 g/day. Meanwhile, TDN consumption did not have any different among R4 (480.23 g/day), R2 (474.80 g/day), and R1 (446.77 g/day) but they were higher (P<0.05) than R3 (370.87 g/day). In other hand, TDN digestibility of R2 and R3 were higher than R1 and R3. In conclusion, protein to TDN ratio of 13.67%:69.18% resulted highest diet use efficiency. Keywords: Female Garut Sheep, Digestibility, Protein, Total Digestible Nutrient
PERFORMA AYAM HASIL PERSILANGAN YANG DIBERI RANSUM KADAR PROTEIN DAN DOSIS HERBAL BERBEDA
Authors: Sutrisna Rudy , Sholeh M. Sofyan
Published: September 2019

This study aims to determine the performance of F2 resulting from crossing (Layer Stud vs. Hatcher resulting in pullet F1, F1 mated with Layer Male, resulting in F2). Performance of F2 given ration with levels of Crude Protein (CP) 16% and 18%, as well as “Herbs“. The research was carried out in a Completely Randomized Design 2 x 4 factorial pattern. Protein factors were 2 kinds of rations with Crude Protein levels of 16% and 18% of metabolic energy 3062.40 and 3013.20 kcal/kg. Herbs factor were doses of herbal dosage 0, 1, 2, 3 g/kg ration. Each treatment was repeated 4 times. Data collection performance were include rationing, giving protein, egg weight, and chicken day production, and mild shells. The results showed those the level of crude and herbal protein had no interaction, and the level of crude protein which was different was not significant (P> 0.05) on feed consumption and was significantly different (P<0.05) against crude protein consumption. Herbal treatments with doses of 1, 2 and 3 g/kg of rations did not show significant differences (P> 0.05) on feed consumption, ration crude protein, egg weight, and thick shell, but significantly different (P<0.05) from the production of hen day at without herbal treatment. Keywords: Crossbreed, Herbal Ration, Herbs, Performance, Protein Ration