bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sustaining Affective Commitment and Extra-Role Service among Hospitality Employees: Interactive Effect of Empowerment and Service Training
Authors: Castro-Casal Carmen , Vila-Vázquez Guadalupe , Pardo-Gayoso Álvaro
Published: July 2019

The success of hospitality sector firms depends largely on the degree to which frontline employees offer a high-quality service to customers. In this context it is of vital importance to determine how to promote positive employees’ attitudes and behaviors through the human resource practices. This study analyzes the indirect effect of empowerment via affective commitment on the extra-role service. In addition, the moderating effect of service training on the empowerment–affective commitment–extra-role service relationship is explored. The data was collected from a sample of frontline employees working in three-to-five-star urban hotels in Santiago de Compostela (Spain). The results of the study suggest that for empowerment to lead to greater emotional attachment to the organization and extra-role customer service, it is necessary for frontline employees to perceive that they have received a moderated-high level of training in customer service. This finding is particularly interesting for frontline employees’ management in hotels sector.
Using Genetic Algorithms to Develop a Dynamic Guaranteed Option Hedge System
Authors: Song Hyounggun , Han Sung Kwon , Jeong Seung Hwan , Lee Hee Soo , Oh Kyong Joo
Published: July 2019

In this research, we develop a guaranteed option hedge system to protect against capital market risks using a genetic algorithm (GA). We test the hedge effectiveness of our guaranteed option hedge strategy by comparing the performance of our system with those of other strategies. A genetic algorithm heuristic trading method for the optimization of a non-linear problem is applied to each system to improve the hedge effectiveness. The GA dynamic hedge system developed in this research is found to improve hedge effectiveness by reducing the option value volatility and increasing the total profit. Insurance companies are able to make more efficient investment strategies by using our guaranteed option hedge system. It contributes to the investment efficiency of the insurance companies and helps to achieve efficiency for financial markets. In addition, it helps to achieve sustained economic benefits to policyholders. In this sense, the system developed in this paper plays a role in sustaining economic growth.
Helminthiasis among School-Age Children and Hygiene Conditions of Selected Schools in Lafia, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Abe Eniola M. , Echeta Onyinye C. , Ombugadu Akwashiki , Ajah Linus , Aimankhu Peter O. , Oluwole Akinola S.
Published: July 2019

The burden of soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) infections in Nigeria is enormous with serious public health significance. This study, therefore, assessed helminthiasis among school-age children and the hygiene conditions of schools in Lafia, Nasarawa State, Nigeria between December 2015 and April 2016 from four randomly selected primary schools. Stool samples were collected from 200 primary school pupils including 80 males (40%) and 120 females (60%) between five and 16 years, using clean sample bottles and a standard parasitology examination technique at the central laboratory at the Federal University, Lafia. An overall prevalence of 33.5% (67/200) helminths infections was recorded. A checklist of Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm, Trichuris trichiura, and Strongyloides stercoralis was generated from the pooled data of the four studied schools in which A. lumbricoides occurred highest with 13% (26/200) while S. stercoralis was the least prevalent at 2.50% (5/200). Among the schools sampled, St. James Pilot Science Primary School’s children were the most infected at 44% (22/50). Multiple infections were observed in three of the four schools sampled. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in prevalence rates of different STHs infections in relation to age group and gender across schools. Our findings showed that the hygiene conditions in the studied schools were poor without water, hand washing materials, refuse bins, as well as poor sanitary conditions. This study also identified ova and larvae of STHs parasites in the analyzed soil samples from the studied schools. Most school-age children had knowledge about contamination but few among them washed their hands with water and soap. The obtained result indicated a negative association between the prevalence of STHs and the proportion of pupils that cleaned up with water after defection. We, therefore, advise that hygiene conditions in schools be improved and that the government should prioritize enrolling all primary schools in Nasarawa state for the school health program so as to reduce the burden of STHs among school-age children in the state.
Why New Vaccines for the Control of Ectoparasite Vectors Have Not Been Registered and Commercialized?
Authors: de la Fuente José , Estrada-Peña Agustín
Published: July 2019

The prevention and control of vector-borne diseases is a priority for improving global health. Despite recent advances in the characterization of ectoparasite-host-pathogen molecular interactions, vaccines are not available for most ectoparasites and vector-borne diseases that cause millions of deaths yearly. In this paper, in response to the question of why new vaccines for the control of ectoparasite vectors have not been registered and commercialized, and to contribute developing new effective vaccines against ectoparasite vectors, we propose challenges and approaches to be addressed.
Phosphorus and Nitrogen Adsorption Capacities of Biochars Derived from Feedstocks at Different Pyrolysis Temperatures
Authors: Zhou Lei , Xu Defu , Li Yingxue , Pan Qianchen , Wang Jiajun , Xue Lihong , Howard Alan
Published: July 2019

This study investigates the P and NO3− adsorption capacities of different biochars made from plant waste including rice straw (RSB), Phragmites communis (PCB), sawdust (SDB), and egg shell (ESB) exposed to a range of pyrolysis temperatures (300, 500 and 700 °C). Results indicate that the effect of pyrolysis temperature on the physiochemical properties of biochar varied with feedstock material. Biochars derived from plant waste had limited adsorption or even released P and NO3−, but adsorption of P capacity could be improved by adjusting pyrolysis temperature. The maximum adsorption of P on RSB700, PCB300, and SDB300, produced at pyrolysis temperature of 700, 300 and 300 °C, was 5.41, 7.75 and 3.86 mg g−1, respectively. ESB can absorb both P and NO3−, and its adsorption capacity increased with an increase in pyrolysis temperature. The maximum NO3− and P adsorption for ESB700 was 1.43 and 6.08 mg g−1, respectively. The less negative charge and higher surface area of ESB enabled higher NO3− and P adsorption capacity. The P adsorption process on RSB, PCB, SDB and ESB, and the NO3− adsorption process on ESB were endothermic reactions. However, the NO3− adsorption process on RSB, PCB and SDB was exothermic. The study demonstrates that the use of egg shell biochar may be an effective way to remove, through adsorption, P and NO3− from wastewater.
Long-Term Perspective Changes in Crop Irrigation Requirement Caused by Climate and Agriculture Land Use Changes in Rechna Doab, Pakistan
Authors: Arshad Arfan , Zhang Zhijie , Zhang Wanchang , Gujree Ishfaq
Published: July 2019

Climate change and agriculture land use changes in the form of cropping patterns are closely linked with crop water use. In this study the SDSM (statistical downscaling model) was used to downscale and simulate changes in meteorological parameters from 1961 to 2099 using HadCM3 General Circulation Model (GCM) data under two selected scenarios i.e., H3A2 and H3B2. Results indicated that Tmax, Tmin, and wind speed may increase while relative humidity and precipitation may decrease in the future under both H3A2 and H3B2 scenarios. Downscaled meteorological parameters were used as input in the CROPWAT model to simulate crop irrigation requirement (CIR) in the baseline (1961–1990) and the future (2020s, 2050s and 2080s). Data related to agriculture crop sown area of five major crops were collected from Punjab statistical reports for the period of 1981–2015 and forecasted using linear exponential smoothing based on the historical rate. Results indicated that the cropping patterns in the study area will vary with time and proportion of area of which sugarcane, wheat, and rice, may exhibit increasing trend, while decreasing trend with respect to the baseline scenario was found in maize and cotton. Crop sown area is then multiplied with CIR of individual crops derived from CROPWAT to simulate Net-CIR (m3) in three sub-scenarios S1, S2, and S3. Under the H3A2 scenario, total CIR in S1, S2, and S3 may increase by 3.26 BCM, 12.13 BCM, and 17.20 BCM in the 2080s compared to the baseline, while under the H3B2 scenario, Net-CIR in S1, S2, and S3 may increase by 2.98 BCM, 12.04 BCM, and 16.62 BCM in the 2080s with respect to the baseline. It was observed that under the S2 sub-scenario (with changing agriculture land-use), total CIR may increase by 12.13 BCM (H3A2) and 12.04 BCM (H3B2) in the 2080s with respect to the baseline (1961–1990) which is greater as compared to S1 (with changing climate). This study might be valuable in describing the negative effects of climate and agriculture land use changes on annual crop water supply in Rechna Doab.
The Influence of Stress on Erythrocyte Sedimentary Rate (ESR) for the Staff of College of Science – Diyala University
Authors: Farhan Mohammed A. , Al-Zuhairi Wafaa Sh. , Imran Nuha Abduljaleel
Published: July 2019

This study was applied on 15 teaching staffs (10 men and 5 women) from Department of Chemistry, Diyala University to measure the effect of the stress during the working hours on the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Blood samples were taken from the teaching staffs before and after the work, as well as another sample after the end of the working hours. The results were analyzed using a statistical program. Most of the results were within the normal level of ESR. There is no stress effect on teaching staffs during the working hours.
Synthesis and Characterization of Substituted Starch Grafted Methyl Nadic Anhydride and Substituted with 4-Aminoantipyrine
Authors: Ali Firyal M. , Farhan Mohammed A.
Published: July 2019

In this research the structural modification of starch was carried out with methyl nadic anhydride (M1) as a spacer by using ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) as an initiator, and grafted copolymer was substituted with amino drug such as 4-aminoantipyrine (M1B), this design of carries for controlled delivery of therapeutic agent which could release the entrapped drug over an extended period of time, due to its nontoxic, biodegradable and slow digesting nature, the new drug copolymer was characterized by FTIR, 1H-NMR and UV Spectroscopes. The prepared drug copolymer was analyzed in different pH values at (37°C) as in vitro study and controlled drug release was compared at zero time and after four days.
On Günlük Civciv Embriyosunda PCR ile Cinsiyet Tayini
Authors: KAYA Muhammet , KONUCUK Samed
Published: July 2019

Günlük civcivlerin cinsiyet ayrımı, ırka özgü tüy
rengi veya tüy gelişim hızına bağlı olarak ya da özel eğitimli seksörler
tarafından kloaktan yapılmaktadır. Civciv embriyosunun erken döneminde,
cinsiyetin doğru bir şekilde tanımlaması için DNA’ya dayalı yöntemler
geliştirilmektedir. Bu yöntemlerden biri olan PCR tekniğinde kanatlı cinsiyet
kromozomların dizilerine (ZZ erkek ve ZW dişi) göre dizayn edilen primerler
kullanılır. Bu araştırmada 10 günlük embriyo (n=30) amniyotik sıvılarından elde
edilen DNA kullanılarak yapılan PCR çalışmasında W kromozomu üzerindeki Xhol
tekrar dizisi ve 18S ribozomal gene ait belirli bölgeler çoğaltılmıştır.
Araştırmamızda, PCR ürünlerinin agaroz jel elektroforez bant görüntüsüne göre
tek bant (256 bç) veren örnekler erkek, iki bant (256 ve 415 bç) veren örnekler
dişi olarak belirlenmiştir. PCR yöntemi ile embriyonun erken dönemlerinde
cinsiyet tespiti doğru ve hızlı bir şekilde yapılabilmektedir.
La enseñanza integrada de las lenguas en la escuela plurilingüe
Authors: Apraiz Jaio María Victoria , Pérez Gómez Marimar , Ruiz Pérez Teresa
Published: July 2019

A partir de la constatación del carácter multilingüe y multicultural de la sociedad actual, el artículo plantea la necesidad de que la escuela introduzca los cambios organizativos y metodológicos imprescindibles para dar respuesta a las necesidades comunicativas del alumnado plurilingüe. Para ello, se proponen dos vías de trabajo: la primera, la enseñanza integrada de lenguas y contenidos curriculares (clil); la segunda, el tratamiento integrado de diferentes lenguas (til). Este artículo se centra en esta última, en el Tratamiento Integrado de las Lenguas, propuesta metodológica, basada en el enfoque comunicativo de la enseñanza de las lenguas aplicado a las situaciones de aprendizaje en las que coexisten lenguas diferentes. El til propone el trabajo colaborativo del profesorado de las distintas lenguas de la escuela a partir de todos aquellos elementos que estas comparten. La coordinación entre el profesorado, además de multiplicar la eficacia de las intervenciones individuales, facilita el desarrollo de la competencia plurilingüe de los aprendices.
¿Cómo enseñar a leer sin pedir que deletreen? una experiencia de enseñanza de estrategias de lectura en nivel inicial
Authors: Bottero Verónica , Palma María Eugenia , Pelizza Luisa , Rosales Pablo
Published: July 2019

¿Cómo es posible que se proponga que los niños aprendan a leer leyendo si no saben aún las letras? Este trabajo se hace cargo de la búsqueda de respuestas a esta pregunta formulada habitualmente por los docentes que actúan en la alfabetización inicial. Se asume que alfabetizar consiste en transmitir prácticas y quehaceres de la lectura, diseñando situaciones en las que, con ciertas intervenciones docentes, permitimos a los alumnos interactuar con los textos reales escritos, activando estrategias de lectura. Para determinar si ello es posible, en una sala de 5 años de un jardín de infantes se hizo una investigación didáctica en tres fases, la primera de las cuales consistió en entrevistar a 10 niños a fin de determinar qué estrategias de lectura activaban para interpretar un folleto publicitario. En la segunda fase del estudio se desarrollaron para todo el grupo-clase actividades orientadas a enseñar el uso de estrategias de lectura para leer una receta de cocina y un instructivo de construcción de objetos. En la tercera se tomó una segunda entrevista con textos similares a los de la primera instancia a la misma muestra de niños, para comparar los cambios en los modos de activación de estrategias de lectura que se evidenciaban luego de la experiencia.Los resultados fueron promisorios, ya que 7 de los 10 niños en la segunda entrevista tuvieron en cuenta indicadores textuales cualitativos para anticipar el significado de las palabras escritas. Esto es, en solo pocas clases se registraron cambios relevantes en la activación de estrategias de lectura en la mayoría de los niños, lo que permite ser optimistas en relación con los avances que podría manifestar el resto si experiencias de este tipo tuvieran continuidad en su formación.
La mirada del profesorado, reflexión sobre su actividad docente Actitudes hacia los alumnos y actividades en el aula
Authors: Rodríguez Pérez Marías de las Nieves
Published: July 2019

En la actividad docente del profesorado de lenguas extranjeras tienen una gran influencia el desánimo y la falta de motivación de los alumnos. Es un hecho aceptado que la desmotivación es una fuente importante de fracaso y que la metodología del enseñante y su forma de actuar en el aula influyen de manera positiva o negativa en la motivación del aprendiz.El objetivo de esta investigación es conocer, desde la experiencia docente, qué factores relacionados con las actividades en el aula y con la actitud del enseñante hacia los alumnos pueden determinar que sus esfuerzos influyan de manera positiva en la motivación de estos por la adquisición de otra lengua-cultura. Los resultados del presente estudio pueden ofrecer al profesorado diferentes miradas que inviten a reflexionar sobre la actividad docente de otros enseñantes, y así modificar y mejorar sus propias actuaciones metodológicas.
Peningkatan Kepuasan Mahasiswa Melalui Kualitas Jasa Pendidikan: Studi Pada Mahasiswa di STIE Indonesia Banking School
Authors: Bagasworo Wasi , Rimadias Santi
Published: July 2019

This research discusses the service quality through service performance affect customer satisfaction at STIE Indonesia Banking School (IBS). In this study, the variable of the service performance is measured through three dimensions: interaction quality, environmentalquality and quality of results. Each of these dimensions will be partially tested on how it affects customer satisfaction. In addition, this study also wanted to know which the most influential dimension to customer satisfaction. The research sample was 214 students who studied at least one year in STIE Indonesia Banking School. The observations will be analyzed using the Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS). The results from the study showed that the three dimension of service performance have a strong significant effect on customer satisfaction
The Calling of Paradise On Earth: Marketing Mix Factors Analysis for Foreign Tourists in Bali
Authors: Nugraha I Dewa Made Agung Kertha , Paulina P.
Published: July 2019

Purpose – For the past decade, cultural resources and tourism have become inextricably linked throughout the world especially in developing countries. This study aims at determining the factors of Bali tourism marketing mix priority for foreign tourist. Design/methodology/approach – The research applied a quantitative method and employed an Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) for examining the dominant factors based on data collected from97 foreign tourists who fulfilled the questionnaires.Findings – The findings of the study reveal that marketing mix factors that has the highest value from foreign tourist about Bali tourism is the price factor with a weight of 0.200 followed by product factor (0,160), promotion factor (0,159), people (0,134), physical evidence (0,123), process (0,166), and the last position is placed factor which has a weight of (0,107).
Identifikasi Uji Kemampuan Hidrolisis Lemak Dan Penentuan Indeks Zona Bening Asam Laktat Pada Bakteri Dalam Wadi Makanan Traditional Kalimantan Tengah
Authors: Rizky Mirza Yanuar , Fitri Rizka Diah , Hastuti Utami Sri , Prabaningtyas Sitoresmi
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Wadi is a sort of fermented fish product from Dayak tribe in Central Kalimantan. Wadi is made with the addition of lumu, sugar, and salt, and fermented for 7-10 x 24 hours. During the fermentation process, there are microflora from fish, and microflora from lumu that play a role in fermentation process. Some species of bacteria that play a role in the wadi fermentation process are lipolytic bacteria and Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB). This research aims to: (1) identify the species of lipolytic bacteria and LAB that present in the wadi, (2) determine the lipid hydrolysis index and lactic acid clearance zone index of lipolytic bacteria and LAB that present in the wadi, and (3) determine the species of lipolytic bacteria and LAB which have highest ability to hydrolyze lipid and have the highest ability to produce lactic acid based on lipid hydrolysis index and lactic acid clearance zone index. The results showed that, (1) there are four species of lipolytic bacteria and LAB present in wadi: Lactobacillus coryniformis, Lactobacillus casei, Nitrococcus mobilis and Streptococcus lactis; (2) the four species of bacteria have  different lipid hydrolysis index and lactic acid clearance zone index which are Lactobacillus coryniformis has a lipid hydrolysis index of 1.63 and lactic acid clearance zone index of 3.31; Lactobacillus casei has index of 1.94 and 3.96; Streptococcus lactis has index of 1.51 and 1.54 and Nitrococcus mobilis has index of 0.98 and 1.52; (3) Lactobacillus casei is a species of lipolytic bacteria and LAB which has the highest ability to hydrolyze lipid and to produce the highest lactic acid based on the lipid hydrolysis index and lactic acid clearance zone index, which are 1.94 and 3.96. Keywords: lipolitic bacteria, LAB, lipid hydrolysis index, lactic acid clearance zone, wadi.
Eksplorasi Dan Inventarisasi Anggrek Di Desa Tompobulu Resort Balocci Taman Nasional Bantimurung Bulusaraung
Authors: Hilmiah Hilmiah
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Resort Balocci of Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park is location grown many natural orchids. This research aims to knew the natural orchids species. This research used the exploration method by tracing did the study area investigation and documentation includes of took the picture and morphological characterization as basic to identification of orchids type. Exploration of natural orchid conducted in 1 location with 94 distribution point had height from 764 m dpl until 1252 m dpl. The results of research got 44 types of orchid, the research there were 3 kinds of orchids growth characteristic, epiphytic amount 38, terrestic 5, and litofit 2, while the type its growth dominated by simpodial orchid amount 26 types. Type many found that was Eulophia spectabilis. Based on the height of place, type grow in higher position was Trichotosia sp that is 1252 m dpl while lower position was Bulbophyllum sp.2, Dendrobium stuartii, Oberonia sp.1, Pholidota sp.2, dan Luisia sp.1 that is 764 m dpl. Based on light intensity visually, the most commonly found orchid in the light intensity is half as much as 35. Keywords: Natural orchids, Epiphytic, Resort Balocci, Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park Area
Gastropoda di Perairan Budidaya Rumput Laut (Eucheuma sp) Kecamatan Suppa Kabupaten Pinrang
Authors: Djunaid Rahmatullah , Setiawati Henny
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Indonesia has a high diversity of marine life, including gastropods. The distribution of gastropods varies in various locations at sea such as at the location of seaweed cultivation in Suppa Regency. These types of gastropods have not been identified even though the public knows the benefits of this organism. Therefore, efforts are needed to inventory these types of gastropods. The purpose of this study was to determine Gastropods living together in seaweed aquaculture locations (Eucheuma sp) in Suppa District. This research uses free roaming techniques along the seaweed cultivation location. The population is all types of gastropods that live together in seaweed farming locations. Samples are types of gastropods found at seaweed farming locations. Samples of abiotic and biotic factors along seaweed farming locations are also recorded as supporting inventory data. Gastropods were found there were 9 (nine) types that came from 8 (eight) genera, 5 (five) families. There are 3 species found in all sampling points, namely Cerithidea cingulata, Terebralia sulcata, and Terebralia palustris. Species found in certain locations and not found in other locations are Telecospium telecospium, Faunus ater, Rhinoclavis vertagus, Strombus microurceus, Nerita insculpta, and Monodonta labio. The suggestion of this research is to periodically observe the diversity of gastropod species in seaweed cultivation locations to determine patterns of interaction between organisms and the environment that occur seaweed cultivation locations.Keywords: gastropods, seaweed, pinrang district
Studi Morfologi Tanaman Sansevieria Di Kota Makassar
Authors: Istiqamah I. , Hiola St. Fatmah , Karim Hilda
Published: July 2019

Abstract. This research is a descriptive study which aims to study the morphological characteristics of Sansevieria plants in Makassar City. This research was conducted from February to March 2018. The location of the study was conducted in several areas in Makassar city which Sansevieria met. Data collection was done by observing the morphological characteristics of Sansevieria plants. The results of the study obtained as many as 25 species of Sansevieria. Sansevieria plants in the city of Makassar are dominated by species with dark green to gray green, only a few are pale green or have a combination of yellow, have a shape or build a variety of leaves such as wake oval (ovalis), elongated (oblongus), lancet (lanceolatus ), to subulate or terete (subulatus).Keywords: Sansevieria, Characteristics, Morphology, Makassar City.
Kandungan Kadar Air dan Kadar Protein pada Bakso Ayam Broiler dengan Putih Telur Sebagai Bahan Pengenyal pada Konsentrasi yang Berbeda
Authors: Munassir B Munassir B , Nurhaeda Nurhaeda , Irmayani Irmayani
Published: July 2019

Abstract. This study aims to determine the effect of egg white at different concentrations on the content of water content and protein content in broiler chicken meatballs. This research uses Completely Randomized Rangcangan (CRD) with three replications and treatment four times, namely T0 = Control, T2 = 15 grams of Egg White, T2 = 30 grams of Egg White, T3 = 75 grams of White Egg. Variety analysis showed the addition of egg whites as pengeyal material at different concentrations significantly affected the content of water content and did not significantly affect the content of protein content. The average water content in the highest to lowest broiler chicken meatballs was obtained from P3 treatment of (61.48%), P0 (58.48%), P1 (53.58%), and P2 (43.32%). The average protein content in the lowest broiler chicken meatballs was obtained from treatment P0 (12.54%), P2 (13.29%), P1 (14.13%), and P3 (15.32%). From the results of research the content of water content and protein content with egg whites as different pengeyal ingredients is 43 grams of egg white. The best water content obtained in P2 treatment with an average value of 43.32%. The best protein content obtained in P3 treatment with an average value of 15.32%.Keywords: broiler, egg white, moisture content, protein content
Analisis Kandungan Protein Kasar dan Serat Kasar Silase Pakan Komplit Berbahan Dasar Kombinasi Jerami Padi dan Daun Lamtoro Sebagai Pakan Ternak Ruminansia
Authors: Jamaluddin Darmawan , Nurhaeda Nurhaeda , Rasbawati Rasbawati
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The purpose of this study was to determine the increase in protein content and decrease in crude fiber in complete feed silage based on rice straw and lamtoro leaves as ruminant feed. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatment levels and 3 replications namely J0 = 100% rice straw (control), J1 = 60% rice straw and lamtoro leaves 40% J2 = 70% rice straw and lamtoro leaves 30% J3 = 80% rice straw and lamtoro leaves 20%. The results showed that the combination of rice straw and lamtoro leaves had a very significant effect on the value of crude protein and crude fiber in complete feed silage. The highest average to the lowest protein content was J1 (11.45), J2 is equal to (9.50), J3 is equal to (8.44), and J0 is equal to (6.60). The average value of the highest crude fiber content to the lowest is (35.19), J3 is equal to (33.82), J2 is equal to (32.35), and J1is equal to (30.55). From the results of the study it is known that the best treatment that can be recommended is J1 treatment with a combination of 60% rice straw and lamtoro leaves 40%. Keywords: coarse protein, coarse fiber, complete feed silage, lamtoro leaves and rice straw.
Efek Ekstrak Kasar Cacing Tanah Pheretima sp. terhadap Morfologi Sel Bakteri Salmonella enteritidis
Authors: Sahribulan Sahribulan , Rauf H Dirayah , Hasyim Zohra
Published: July 2019

Abtract. This study was aimed at studying changes in the morphology of Salmonella enteritidis bacterial cells after the crude extract of Pheretima sp. using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Earthworm extraction uses 96% ethanol, and binds to the appropriate bacteria in the exponential phase with extract concentrations of 5% and 10%. Observations using a microscope scanner were carried out after agreeing to a 6-hour, 12-hour, and 24-hour extract. Obtained from the results showing the crude extract of Pheretima sp. to changes in cell morphology of Salmonella enteritidis bacteria. Salmonella enteritidis bacterial cells are damaged consisting of: formed holes in the surface of bacterial cells, bumps on the surface of bacterial cells, shrinkage of bacterial cells, elongation of bacterial cells, and increase in bacterial cells. In addition, as well as longer contributions and free time, incubation, after being added, crude extract of Pheretima sp. against Salmonella enteritidis bacteria, the greater the damage caused. However, 5% extract concentration is the optimal concentration in the effect of damage to the morphology of the cells of Salmonella enteritidis bacteria.Keywords: Coarse Extract, Earthworms, Pheretima sp., Morphological Cells, Salmonella enteritidis, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
Efektivitas Penambahan Bahan Pengenyal yang Berbeda terhadap Kandungan Lemak dan Susut Masak Bakso Daging Ayam Broiler
Authors: Nasrul Nasrul , Novieta Intan Dwi , Irmayani Irmayani
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of addition of chewing agents which differed on broiler chicken meatballs. The results of study show that with the addition of different ingredients that are egg white, carrageenan and gelatin have a very real effect. The average value of the highness fat content at the lowest is T3 at (0,71) T1 at (0,64) T2 at (0,61) and T0 at (0,51). The highest average cooking shrinkage value is T0 of (31,15) T1 of (20,82) T2 of (16,77) and T3 of (2,35). From the results of this study, it is known recommended is T0 treatment for fat content and T3 treatment for cooking losses.Keywords: Fat content, Cooking shrinkage, Egg white, Carrageenan, and Gelatin
Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Sirih (Piper betle L) dan Ekstrak Bawang Putih (Allium sativum) terhadap Mortalitas Larva Nyamuk Aedes aegypti
Authors: Amirullah Amirullah , Malik Nurhayu , Rosmaya Rosmaya
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The study of the efficacy of betel leaf extract (Piper betle L.) and garlic extract (Allium sativum) on the mortality of Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae was carried out at the Zoology Laboratory of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Halu Oleo Kendari University. Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae were obtained from the rearing of F2 from Aedes aegypti eggs that were taken by ovitrap from in Kambu Village, Kendari City, which is an endemic area of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF). Extrac of betel leaf (Piper betle L.) and garlic extract (Allium sativum) at concentrations of 1.0%, 2.0% and 3.0% respectively and their combinations were given to Aedes aegypti larvae (L4). The results showed that the highest larval mortality (88%) occurred after 24 hours of exposure to betel leaf extract (Piper betle L.) at a concentration of 3%, whereas with garlic extract (Allium sativum) the highest larval mortality (98%) occurred at concentration 3 %, and for the highest larval mortality (99%) found in a combination of 3% betel leaf extract (Piper betle L.) and 3% garlic extract (Allium sativum). Based on WHO (2009), the most effective treatment for killing Aedes aegyti larvae is 3% garlic (Allium sativum) extract and a combination of 3% betel leaf extract (Piper betle L.) and 3% garlic extract (Allium sativum).Keywords:  Biopesticide, Mortality, Aedes aegypti, betle leaf (Piper betle L.), garlic (Allium sativum).
Pengaruh Permainan Ular Tangga dalam Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe TGT Terhadap Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar Kimia Siswa Kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Masamba (Studi pada Materi Pokok Struktur Atom dan Tabel Periodik Unsur)
Authors: Anggraeni Virna , Muharram Muharram , Alimin Alimin
Published: July 2019

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini adalah penelitian quasy experiment yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh permainan ular tangga dalam  model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TGT terhadap motivasi dan hasil belajar kimia siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Masamba (materi pokok struktur atom dan tabel periodik unsur). Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah pretest-posttest control group design.. Sampel yang terpilih kelas X MIA 4 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas X MIA 5 sebagai kelas kontrol dengan jumlah siswa masing-masing 42 orang dan 43 orang. Kelas eksperimen diajar dengan permainan ular tangga dalam model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TGT sedangkan kelas kontrol diajar dengan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TGT. Teknik pengumpulan data diperoleh dengan memberikan tes hasil belajar dan pengisian angket motivasi kepada siswa. Pengujian hipotesis yang dilakukan dengan uji nonparametrik dengan menggunakan uji mann-withney menghasilkan Zhitung  Ztabel =4,426  > 1,64 untuk motivasi belajar sedangkan hasil belajar menghasilkan Zhitung  Ztabel = 1,661 > 1,64 sehingga disimpulkan permainan ular tangga dalam model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TGT berpengaruh positif terhadap motivasi dan hasil belajar kimia siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Masamba.Kata Kunci:  Ular Tangga, TGT, Motivasi, Hasil belajar  ABSTRACTThis study is a quasi experimental study that aims to determine the effect of snakes and ladders game in cooperative learning model type TGT to motivation and learning outcomes of students class X SMA Negeri 1 Masamba (atomic structure and periodic table of elements subject matter).  Research desain is pretest-posttest control group design. Samples were selected class X MIA 4 as an experimental class and class X MIA 5 as class control the number of students are 42 and 43 peoples. Experimental class taught by a game of snakes and ladders in cooperative learning model TGT and the control class was taught just by cooperative learning model TGT. Data collection techniques provide the achievment test and learning questionnaires to measure students motivation. The results of pre-requisite test of inferential statistical analysis shown the data were not normally distributed and not homogeneous. So, hypothesis testing is done by using a nonparametric test Mann-Whitney shown Zhitung> Ztabel = 4,426> 1,64 for the learning motivation to and learning outcomes shown Zhitung> Ztabel = 1,661> 1,64. It concluded  the game of snakes and ladders in cooperative learning model TGT positive effect on motivation and learning outcomes of students class X SMA Negeri 1 Masamba.Keywords: Snakes Ladders, TGT, Motivation, Learning Outcomes
GENRE ANALYSIS OF RESEARCH ABSTRACTS IN CENTRAL MINDANAO UNIVERSITY
Authors: Bonifacio Rene Marquez
Published: July 2019

Research abstract provides a summary of a completed research article. This study aims to classify the pattern of the rhetorical moves, identify the obligatory and optional moves, and determine the linguistic features in the research abstracts of Central Mindanao University (CMU) undergraduate students. The study used content analysis and stratified random sampling. The corpora were the research abstracts written by the CMU undergraduate students in the Academic Year (AY) 2011-2015 using Genre-based Approach and Hyland’s Framework for Abstract Analysis (2000). The study reveals that the M2-M3-M4-M5 (purpose-method-product-conclusion) pattern obtained the highest number of occurrences with 159 or 50.96%. Purpose (M2), method (M3), and product (M4) are considered as the obligatory moves because these moves appeared in all of the samples. Various linguistic features are also found. The variations of the rhetorical move patterns, diverse optional moves, and distinctive linguistic features imply that the CMU undergraduate students are unaware of the genre of writing research abstracts.
PREPARATION PROGRAM FOR ENHANCING COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE TEACHING ABILITY
Authors: Songsiengchai Saifon , Kewara Punwalai , Prabjandee Denchai
Published: July 2019

English language teaching in Thailand has shifted the paradigm to implement the Communicative Language Teaching approach and focus on who is expected to understand and be able to create activities for them. Although the English teaching practicum provides an internship for all pre-service teachers, it is found that they lack sophisticated professional knowledge and skills. Pre-service teachers have anxiety about “how” and “what” to teach, the communicative language teaching activity for supporting students' communication. The Faculty of Education is aimed to train pre-service teachers before teaching in the real context. Preparation programs can prepare pre-service teachers to develop their knowledge and skills of teaching and learn how to competently apply these in the teaching practicum by teacher training. The purpose of this study is to investigate how to enhance pre-service teachers’ communicative language teaching ability through a designed three-day preparation program for teaching practicum. This qualitative research employed self-reflection to collect the data. Twelve pre-service teachers were selected to participate through purposive sampling. The data were analyzed by using content analysis as the coding technique for grounded theory. The results from the training session phases showed seven topics: confidence, speaking ability awareness, CLT classroom activities, awareness on learners’ language abilities, error tolerance, accuracy and fluency, and grammar discovery. In conclusion, the designated three-day program enhanced pre-service teachers' CLT regarding their knowledge and awareness of how to apply CLT to their future teaching practicum rather than gaining tangibly improved CLT performance. However, future study, such as on monitoring the pre-service teachers' teaching at the real professional context, i.e., during teaching practicum, is highly suggested to seek empirical evidence of their CLT ability.
RELIGIOUS EDUCATION MODEL FOR CHILDREN AGE OF PRESCHOOL IN FAMILY MELAYU SAMBAS
Authors: Mahdi Adnan
Published: July 2019

This article focuses on the model of preschool education of preschool-aged children in Sambas Malay family. The purpose of this study was to find the model of preschool education of preschool children in Sambas Malay. The research was conducted in Sambas District, West Kalimantan Province. An in-depth study is directed to aspects of preschool educational goals, preschool educational programs, preschool education process, and evaluation of preschool education. This research is designed with a qualitative approach using penology method. The result of analysis shows that 1) The purpose of religious education of preschool children in Sambas Malay family there are three kinds, namely ideal goal, intermediate goal, and immediate goal; 2) Preschool program of preschool education in Sambas Malay family there are three aspects, namely: Aqidah, worship, and morals; 3) The process of religious education of preschoolers in Sambas Malay family is seen from three aspects, namely method, learning source, and time used to educate children. The method used by parents there is three kinds, namely demonstration, point of pronunciation, and show behavior. Learning resources used include Picture storybook, Iqra ', prayer book, al-Qurân, pictures, posters, mobile phones, televisions, laptops, VCDs, and children's toys. While the time spent educating children is all of the spare time that parents have, especially after Maghrib prayers and at bedtime; and 4) Evaluation of religious education used by Sambas Malay parents in educating preschool children is direct evaluation and indirect evaluation.
BURNOUT AMONG EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION TEACHERS: CAUSES AND IMPLICATIONS
Authors: Ajang Laila , Abu Bakar Kamariah
Published: July 2019

Burnout among early childhood education teachers and the factors that cause burnout will affect the value and quality, performance and service of an achievement. This study examines the level of burnout of early childhood education teachers through three main symptoms of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal achievements and further decline to analyze the causes contributing to the symptoms of burnout and burnout implications against the teacher early childhood education. This study uses a mixed-method and was carried out involving 165 and respondents consisting of early childhood education teachers in the Samarahan and Kuching Sarawak. A total of five respondents were interviewed. Questionnaires related to burnout were circulated containing 30 items whereas items for the interview questions contained 20 questions. Data has been analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings show that burnout levels among early childhood education teachers in Kuching and Samarahan are low. While teachers' personal factors, economic factors, and social factors have been identified as the main cause of teachers experiencing burnout. Uncontrolled burnout provides negative impact to teachers that can be viewed through the impact of emotional, physical, health, social and career education of early childhood teachers.
MANAGEMENT PANEL, THE QUALITY OF TEACHING AND COMMITMENT TO THE ACHIEVEMENT OF MALAY LANGUAGE IN SABAH STATE
Authors: Ayang Latifah , Abdullah Mohamad Khairuddin
Published: July 2019

This study was conducted to identify the management panel, the quality of teaching and teachers' commitment to the achievement of the Malay language in Sabah. Management panel is seen in the aspects of the committee’s management principles, self- properties and self-management skills. While the quality of teaching is seen from the dimensions of teaching preparation, a teaching presentation, and behavioral aspects. Other than that, the variable of working commitments is seen in terms of its Willingness to remain in the organization, teaching profession commitment and commitment to the students. In this study, the researcher used the Taylor Scientific Management Theory, Vroom Theory, and Side Bet Theory. The researcher has collected 335 questionnaires that have been answered among teachers who teach Malay Language and representative to all high schools in Sabah by using group sampling, cluster sampling, and simple random sampling. While the data were analyzed using SPSS for Windows version 25.0. One-way ANOVA test, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data collected. This study found that there are significant differences in the management committee, the quality of teaching and work commitments based on teaching experience, but there were no significant differences in management committee based on academic qualifications. In terms of connectivity, it is found that there is a positive significant correlation between the management committee and the achievements of Malay Language. While the variable in the quality of teaching was a positive significant correlation with Malay Language achievement. Thus, there was also a significant relationship between work Commitment and the achievement of the Malay language. Multiple regression tests showed that there was a significant influence between the work commitment with the achievement of the Malay Language. The researcher also suggested that the authorities should force together to ensure the achievement of students in the Malay Language is always excellent in line with the Malay language as the National Language.
ROLE OF TEACHERS IN INCREASING PSYCHOSOCIAL ADJUSTMENT OF CHILDREN IN RESIDENTIAL CARE
Authors: Rohani Ropizah , Jamaluddin Zakiyah , Abd Manaf Abd Razak
Published: July 2019

The study aims to explore the role of teachers in helping to improve the psychosocial adjustment of children in residential care in the school environment. This research is designed as a qualitative study approach. The case study method is used to explore primary data that look at psychosocial adjustments and narrative data from the perspective of children living in shelters in Malaysia. The study participants consisted of children who lived in residential care as well as the teachers. The findings of the study have resorted to three main themes, teachers as guides, creating good relationships with children’s in residential care and also providing opportunities for school activities. Teachers play an important role in providing a rewarding life experience as it has a major impact on the success of psychosocial adjustment of residential care children while in school. Additionally, quality education services are all-in-the-way to meet the needs of children and to ensure the healthy development of children and to adapt well when in the environment beyond. Also, teachers need to provide more holistic education services by establishing a network of partnerships with various parties, especially residential care management so that schools become a safe, comfortable and conducive environment in shaping the balance of psychosocial adjustment of residential care residents.
A LITERATURE REVIEW: WOMEN WORKER COMMUTING PRODUCTIVITY INFORMAL SECTOR
Authors: Ranita Sylvia Vianty , Siddin Fashbir Noor
Published: July 2019

Woman worker has to get more attention in the formal sector of their role, beside of informal sector. Because of the women role has sufficient potentially toward the labor market. The number of commuter woman workers are getting increased in the formal sector. This is also influenced by the owner of the business to be trusted on the productivity of commuter woman workers. The urban sector of economic offers more formal sector especially service sector. Woman workers regarded more proper to be in the formal sector that concerning to woman character for the reason of helping family economically, the concept of gender encourages woman workers to tend to have the spirit for doing work better. The effect of modernization has become one of mobilizing to women in the rural area to an urban area even behavior or transportation. Conformity of woman characteristic informal sector encourages the productivity of workers in the service sector.
EDUCATIONAL MISMATCH AND NON-COGNITIVE SKILLS OF WOMAN ON BOARD IN THE CREATIVE INDUSTRY: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Effendi Nur Ika , Murni Yanti , Gusteti Yessi , A. Roni Khairun
Published: July 2019

Productivity and wages can be motivated by education, skills, and experience. This paper is a literature study of a woman on boards in the creative industry with a focus on interrelationship educational mismatch and non-cognitive skills to strategic decision making in the sustainability of the business they lead. The method used is to examine some of the results of previous studies. The findings of this study inform that educational mismatch and non-cognitive skills can influence the strategic decisions and more positively affect to cognitive conflict. The limitation of this research studies only conducted at creative industry and only focuses on the woman on board. Further qualitative and quantitative research of male and female workers in other types of industries is required to investigate the application of such recommendations.
LEVEL OF PREPARATION AND TEACHER'S TRAINING REQUIREMENTS IN IMPLEMENTING THE HOTS IN SCIENCE TEACHING
Authors: Jusoh Norshuhada , Osman Kamisah
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study is to identify the extent of readiness of national elementary science teachers in the Kuala Pilah District to apply the High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) teaching as well as the level of HOTS-focused training needs in Science teaching. Quantitative research using the survey method and questionnaire as a research instrument. The sampling method was used to select respondents consisting of 124 National School Science teachers in Kuala Pilah District, Negeri Sembilan. The data were analyzed using Winstep 3.71.0.1 software with Rasch Measurement Model approach for the description of descriptive data. The Cronbach Alpha value obtained in the pilot study was 0.95. The findings showed that Science teachers had a high level of knowledge in HOTS (mean score = 3.85, min size +0.29). This data indicates that this Science teacher has a high level of readiness to embrace HOTS basic knowledge, KBAT pedagogy knowledge, KBAT item building, and KBAT assessment to be applied in the classroom. The analysis also shows the level of teacher training requirement applied HOTS as a whole at a high level (mean score = 4.21, mean size = -0.87). This finding concludes that Science teachers have had a high level of readiness to implement KBAT in teaching Science, but they also require training to empower existing domains.