bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Le métier de tuilier à Paris au xve siècle : approche sociale et organisation du travail dans la juridiction de Saint-Germain-des-Prés
Authors: Gouzouguec Stéfan
Published: September 2023

Les comptabilités seigneuriales et les actes notariés, qui éclairent les aspects économiques et sociaux de l’artisanat de la terre cuite architecturale, sont bien connus pour un certain nombre de régions (Bourgogne, Provence, Normandie, environs de Toulouse). L’indigence de telles sources pour Paris peut être compensée par l’étude des sources judiciaires de l’abbaye de Saint-Germain-des-Prés qui permettent d’analyser les tuileries de la rive gauche. Les registres de la justice seigneuriale, loin d’être anecdotiques, éclairent certains aspects parfois masqués par les autres sources. Ils permettent d’appréhender plus finement l’organisation du travail ainsi que les rapports sociaux entre les différentes catégories d’intervenants (propriétaires de tuileries, fabricants, employés, fournisseurs) et de dégager quelques spécificités parisiennes, ainsi l’indépendance précoce de l’activité par rapport aux différents pouvoirs, sans doute due à l’importance du marché parisien de la construction. De plus, les conditions juridiques de l’exercice du métier montrent que la réglementation y est moins stricte que pour d’autres métiers ou pour d’autres régions.
L’église Saint-Pierre de Thaon (Calvados) Étude de l’édifice au xiie siècle
Authors: Delahaye François
Published: September 2023

L’ancienne église paroissiale Saint-Pierre de Thaon (Calvados) constitue un des monuments les plus insignes de l’architecture romane en Normandie. Elle est composée d’un clocher élevé au xie siècle autour duquel s’articulent une nef et un chœur édifié au xiie siècle. Cette nef possédait à l’origine deux bas-côtés aujourd’hui disparus. Depuis le début du xixe siècle, plusieurs études architecturales et archéologiques lui ont été consacrées s’attachant à dresser les grandes phases de construction et de remaniement du monument, non sans susciter sur certains points de nombreuses controverses. Préalablement à un programme de restauration générale de l’église, une nouvelle opération archéologique associant l’analyse des élévations et la fouille exhaustive du monument a été entreprise afin de compléter son étude et soutenir le meilleur parti de restauration. Ces travaux en cours ont montré que plusieurs édifices du iie au xie siècle avaient précédé la construction du xiie siècle. Sont présentés ici les apports de l’analyse archéologique du bâti à la connaissance de l’église au xiie siècle préservée en élévation.
La salle capitulaire de l’abbaye Saint-Séverin à Château-Landon (Seine-et-Marne). Analyse architecturale et fonction funéraire (xiie-xiiie siècles)
Authors: Mecquenem Claude de , Delattre Valérie
Published: September 2023

En 1996, la fouille d’un secteur de la partie orientale des bâtiments conventuels de l’ancienne abbaye Saint-Séverin, à Château-Landon, a permis la découverte d’une salle capitulaire jusqu’alors oubliée. Ce bâtiment, construit au cours du xiie siècle, était accolé à une église antérieure. L’aile orientale du couvent qui incluait le chapitre avait été, à partir de la fin du Moyen Âge, profondément modifiée, le lieu de réunion des chanoines ayant été, à cette époque, transféré dans l’aile sud du monastère. Ainsi, les très nombreuses sépultures médiévales que recelait son sous-sol demeurèrent exemptes de bouleversement ultérieur. La fouille de cet ensemble exceptionnel et l’étude de cette population ont pu être menées à bien, permettant une rencontre avec les dignitaires de cette importante abbaye qui venait de rejoindre les chapitres réguliers réformés, affiliés à l’observance augustinienne.
Un établissement agricole du xiiie siècle à Beaumont, lieu-dit La Mouraude (Puy-de-Dôme)
Authors: Gabayet Franck , Gauthier Fabrice , Horry Alban , Rodet-Belarbi Isabelle , Gaime Sébastien
Published: September 2023

La création de bassins d’orage dans la banlieue sud de Clermont-Ferrand a été l’occasion de procéder à une intervention d’archéologie préventive sur près de 4 000 m2. L’essentiel des découvertes concerne un établissement occupé durant le xiiie siècle. Il regroupe quatre bâtiments réalisés en pierre et un enclos au sein duquel ont été implantés une quarantaine de silos. Ces chiffres sont toutefois à considérer avec circonspection puisqu’une partie de l’emprise du site, en particulier vers l’est, échappe à la fouille. Le bâtiment I est bien préservé. L’édifice avec cinq pièces, aménagées en trois grands états, constitue manifestement une unité d’habitation. La pièce principale était fermée par une large porte barrée. Construite dans le dernier état en avant de la précédente, une salle était en outre pourvue d’un foyer complexe, peut-être associé à un dispositif de séchoir ou de fumoir. Les trois autres bâtiments sont moins bien conservés et ont fait l’objet d’investigations plus limitées. Le statut de l’ensemble est difficile à définir. Il semble que l’élevage – majoritairement des bovins – voire le regroupement de bétail, a été pratiqué sur le site de La Mouraude. La nature des restes osseux mis au jour suggère que l’abattage était d’ailleurs réalisé sur place. L’établissement était sans doute également voué à la conservation et au traitement des récoltes comme l’atteste la découverte de plusieurs grandes meules et le nombre important des silos.
Quelques aspects de la production céramique à la lumière des sources écrites ou comment pratiquer l’archéologie médiévale
Authors: Chapelot Jean
Published: September 2023

Un consensus existe chez beaucoup d’archéologues médiévistes à propos des sources écrites : elles sont peu nombreuses sinon inexistantes sur beaucoup des sujets qui les intéressent et de surcroît difficiles à trouver. Cette opinion conforte une image elle aussi très répandue, celle de l’archéologie vue comme un domaine de recherche autonome, notamment par rapport à l’histoire­ ou à l’histoire de l’art. Trois exemples illustrent, à propos de la céramique, l’obligation dans laquelle se trouve l’archéologue médiéviste d’être aussi historien et de savoir exploiter les sources écrites. Le premier concerne les origines de la production céramique dans le village de La Chapelle-des-Pots (Charente-Maritime), où cette activité est assurée par les données archéologiques à partir du xiiie siècle. Les sources écrites montrent que l’actuelle église du xviiie siècle a été précédée d’un édifice roman, ce qui conduit à revoir l’histoire de cette production céramique en montrant que ces artisans sont avant tout établis hors du centre du village aux xiiie-xive siècles, à l’intérieur de celui-ci après le Moyen Âge. Le deuxième exemple pose le problème du statut d’une famille de Genouillé (Sarthe) qui rend hommage au xve siècle au seigneur du lieu pour son droit d’extraire de l’argile, ce qui conduit à s’interroger sur l’origine de cet artisanat dans cette paroisse avant cette date et sur son histoire après le Moyen Âge. Le troisième exemple éclaire les relations entre artisanat de la terre cuite et économie marchande par le biais de l’approvisionnement en formes à sucre des raffineurs de la ville de La Rochelle. Deux contrats montrent que ces formes spécialisées sont produites dans la seconde moitié du xvie siècle dans des ateliers ruraux d’origine médiévale à la demande directe des raffineurs rochelais. Ces exemples veulent illustrer trois points essentiels qui caractérisent l’archéologie du Moyen Âge : les sources écrites sont parfois le meilleur moyen pour établir une problématique archéologique ; leur mise en œuvre éclaire les données archéologiques en fournissant des approches complémentaires, sinon même originales ; comme elles portent souvent sur des aspects qui n’intéressent pas les historiens classiques, elles ne peuvent être recherchées et exploitées que par des archéologues et elles ne prennent toute leur valeur que confrontées aux données archéologiques.
La résidence aristocratique rurale de Montbaron : structures et mobilier
Authors: Querrien Armelle
Published: September 2023

La résidence aristocratique rurale de Montbaron a été découverte par avion, mais n’est pas attestée dans la documentation écrite. Du centre du domaine des xie-xiie siècles ont été retrouvés deux enclos contigus, un puits, des silos et des fosses, une zone recouverte de mortier. À la fin du xiie siècle, ces structures sont comblées et deux plates-formes fossoyées établies. Sur l’une s’élevait un bâtiment rectangulaire de 10 x 6 m, avec une petite tour carrée accolée à un angle. Les structures de l’autre ont disparu, sauf quelques fonds de fosses. Des effondrements naturels ont entraîné la destruction du site avant le milieu du xiiie siècle. Un four à pain est le dernier vestige d’un bâtiment construit sur le site après son nivellement. L’étude est accompagnée d’analyses métallographiques, palynologiques et anthracologiques.
Adding a Novel Italian Treebank of Marked Constructions to Universal Dependencies
Authors: Paccosi Teresa , Palmero Aprosio Alessio , Tonelli Sara
Published: September 2023

In this paper we present a novel treebank developed to analyse marked constructions in Italian called MarkIT. The resource contains almost 1,300 sentences manually annotated with dependency relations following the Universal Dependencies paradigm. The sentences have been extracted from essays written by high-school students along several years, which accounts for the structure and the topic variability of the sentences. In this work, we detail the process to select the sentences, parse them automatically and then manually correct them. The resource covers seven types of marked constructions (839 sentences overall) plus some sentences, whose syntax can be wrongly classified as marked and which can serve as negative examples of markedness (453 sentences). We also present an evaluation of parsing performance, comparing a model trained on existing Italian treebanks with the model obtained by adding MarkIT to the training set.
Conditional Mediation of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy and Global Mindset in International Individual Entrepreneurial Intention of SME Entrepreneurs
Authors: Jneid Chérine
Published: September 2023

The authors analyze the effect of conditional mediation of global mindset (GM) -entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) in the international entrepreneurial intention (IEI) of small and medium enterprises (SMEs)' entrepreneurs in Brazil. They collected the data from 794 entrepreneurs and used the partial least square method to test the hypotheses and analyze the mediating and direct effects. The effect of the IEI on the international entrepreneurial orientation (IEO) of SMEs' entrepreneurs in Brazil improves with the mediation of the ESE and the moderation of the GM. The authors suggest more empirical and longitudinal analyses to extend the literature on IEI as well as future studies that lead to the generalizability of our results. Finally, they think that similar studies with different sample groups may be of interest. These findings may encourage would-be international entrepreneurs and vocational trainers on IE to consider the critical effect of ESE and GM on their future business activities.
Concept of Microenterprises' Supply Chain Management and Active Flexibility of Micro-Organizations in Bangladesh
Authors: Vargas-Hernandez José G. , Ali Muhammad Mahboob
Published: September 2023

Microenterprises have a substantial impact on Bangladesh's economy. Supply chain management and dynamic flexibility of a micro-organization in Bangladesh are very important. As such the research question is whether supply chain management and dynamic flexibility for uplifting micro-entrepreneurial organizations are feasible in Bangladesh. The time of the study is 1st September 2022 to 5th January 2023. The study observed that microenterprises' supply chain management and dynamic flexibility of a micro-organization in Bangladesh are yet to be properly developed. Both the public and private sectors should work simultaneously to get rid of the problem. Local-level planning, the raising of the local economy, and projects/programs for the local sector in both urban and rural areas are being required to properly utilize mega projects as commented by the authors which in turn help to raise purchasing power, removing income inequality and help to develop the economy of the country.
How Policies Foster Regional Development
Authors: Cangiano Nicoletta
Published: September 2023

The entrepreneurial ecosystem literature paid little attention to policies' effects on the evolution of the regional ecosystem. Scholars underlined the development of the entrepreneurial ecosystem and how different actors affect its dynamics. However, no study focused on the dynamic role and different types of policies in an entrepreneurial ecosystem that evolves or changes. This chapter aims to fill this gap by highlighting the policy directions in addressing regional entrepreneurial ecosystem development. The author presents the results of the thematic content analysis exploring the regional operational programme of three Italian regions - Lombardy, Campania, and Calabria - representative of different development levels. Taking evidence from the analysis, implementing a specific policy direction indicates the entrepreneurial ecosystem stage covered by each region. Results highlight measures employed at different stages of the entrepreneurial ecosystem - nascent, strengthening, and resilient - and identify three policy directions: recovery, reinforcing, and shooting.
The Labor Market Policies and Social Development in Bulgaria
Authors: Georgiev Marin Petrov , Terziev Venelin Krastev
Published: September 2023

The study comes as a result and in response to the identified priorities of the social policy in Bulgaria and logically outlines the actions for an effective management of the social processes tailored to the dynamic social environment. The essential characteristics of the social policy, its relations with the social management, and the opportunities for it to become a way of realization of important public tasks gives the chance to fit in it more delicate and important problems and the associated solutions. For this reason, the achievement of an active labor market is perceived as an objective of the social management, reachable in the conduct of relevant social policies, reflecting the registered interests of interested parties and society's need for an appropriate and irreversible change. The actually active social programs, interpreted as a system of social projects with direct feedback of social interaction, define the possibilities for adaptation of their components to the coming changes.
Management Decisions on Optimizing Regional Educational Infrastructure and Ensuring Its Transport Accessibility
Authors: Kuznetsov Andrei N.
Published: September 2023

Most of the Russia's territory – with its focal small living settlements - does not have sufficient educational infrastructure. Schools teach children living in the neighboring settlements where the construction and operation of schools do not prove reasonable. The authors focus on the challenges faced by the developing countries: the challenge is between the imperfection of educational environment and the need to ensure an adequate level of educational results. Russia pays special attention to the so-called ‘advanced special economic zones' (ASEZ): the increasing flow of investments will lead to a shift of population between ASEZ and the adjacent regions, and this will require managerial decisions on changes in the educational infrastructure. As the variety of transport and residence conditions in these regions is large, the decision can hardly be limited to one criterion when deciding on building a new school. As a novelty, a complex of criteria for making such managerial decisions is considered based on mathematical modeling and analysis of legal acts and scientific publications.
From a Paper Textbook to a Digital Educational Resource
Authors: Kastornova Vasilina A. , Mukhametzyanov Iskandar Sh. , Roslova Larisa O. , Shikhnabieva Tamara Sh. , Polyakov Victor P. , Kozlov Oleg A.
Published: September 2023

For many years, the student's companion was a paper textbook. During informatization of education, people are talking more about distance education and digital education. It is envisaged that the textbooks will also be electronic copies of paper form or in the form of electronic educational resources. It should be remembered that the previously developed methodology for preparing textbooks does not work in the case of electronic educational resources since this type of activity is not standardized. This determines the existing approaches to their creation, integration into training programs, and evaluation of the effectiveness of their use. Along with the traditional paper textbook, in the digitalization framework, there is an approach to learning using electronic educational resources (EER) in the digital educational environment (DEE). One of the basic elements of this environment is an electronic textbook (ET) and EER.
Using Digital Educational Resources in Studying Foreign Language in Higher Education
Authors: Kastornova Vasilina A. , Gerova Natalya V. , Paskanny Vladimir A. , Sysuev Vladimir A. , Budkina Yulia E.
Published: September 2023

This chapter focuses on the organization of the educational process through digital educational resources in foreign language acquisition. The fundamental objectives of structuring the educational journey using digital educational resources for teaching foreign languages have been outlined. Leveraging insights from the grammar skill development theory and theoretical paradigms governing educational information dissemination, a comprehensive framework for staging the educational process using digital educational resources for foreign language instruction has been considered. Drawing upon the communicative approach to integrating digital information technologies into foreign language pedagogy, the authors unveil the constituent elements pivotal in nurturing communicative proficiency and intercultural acumen amongst students engaged in foreign language studies. Noteworthy prerequisites for the efficacy of digital educational resources in the context of foreign language instruction are expounded, shedding light on the requisites these resources must fulfill.
Moodle System Effectiveness Evaluation in Blended Learning of a Foreign Language Knowledge
Authors: Kharchenko Nikolay L. , Usov Sergey S. , Bagdasarova Ilona Yu. , Lutsenko Natalia S. , Esipov Roman A.
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of the Moodle platform in foreign language learning using the SWOT analysis method. The study was conducted through a sociological survey among 1st and 2nd year students of the humanities at The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, as well as lecturers from the same institution. The participants included 102 students from the 1st year and 64 students from the 2nd year, aged 17 to 20, along with 37 lecturers aged 25 to 62. The data collected during February 2023 pertains to the first semester of the 2022-2023 academic year. The research findings indicate that the utilization of the Moodle platform enhances the educational process and improves learning outcomes, while the identified threats are not significantly detrimental to the educational process.
The Role of Substitute Family in Preventing Deviant Behavior in Adolescents
Authors: Morozov Alexander V. , Cremezion Olga V. , Romanova Elena N.
Published: September 2023

The chapter focuses on the problem that is currently one of the priorities among the existing psychological and social issues that require special attention and immediate solutions. In particular, the authors argue that deviant manifestations in teenagers' behavior from among orphaned children and children left without parental care can and should be stopped with the help of such a social institution as the replacement family is today. In this context, crime prevention assumes that a substitute family for children left without parental care becomes a place where the child finds a use for their opportunities and initiative. The chapter aims to determine the existing social and psychological characteristics of orphaned children and children left without parental care that determine the development and manifestation of deviant behavior in them. Prevention of deviant behavior of foster children, carried out by various state and public organizations, among which the family plays a particularly important role and contributes to the resolution of existing individual problems.
A DNN Approach to Design a Smart Security System for Android Platform
Authors: Sahu Diptimayee , Tripathy Satya Narayan , Kapat Sisira Kumar , Morty Soujanya
Published: September 2023

Malware is an extensive threat to all computing devices and involves a massive loss for end-users and corporations. This chapter gives a fundamental idea about Android malware types, the intrusion techniques used by malware, the inbuilt security models provided by Android, and the combating techniques used by malware writers to bypass anti-virus detection. Several machine and deep learning approaches have been proposed so far in the Android malware detection field, but most of them have relied on static features due to their lower cost. In this chapter, several experiments are performed using the deep neural network model and the result analysis explains the effectiveness and the limitations of different detection techniques. The experiment with static, dynamic, and hybrid detection techniques achieves an accuracy of 95.40%, 99.66%, and 87.54% respectively. Malware family classification is also conducted using static detection technique and achieved 91.54% accuracy. The content of this chapter provides a methodical way to design an effective detection system.
Heart Stroke Prediction Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Vijarania Meenu , Gupta Swati , Kumar Nitin , Kumar Rohit
Published: September 2023

In today's generation, many people face heart-related diseases and lose their life due to heart attack, stroke, and cardiac arrest. Heart strokes have become a challenging symptom as patients face issues like speech difficulty, face drooping and arm weakness which shows the patient is suffering from heart-related issues. To prevent the deaths due to heart strokes, the new technologies could help to predict the symptoms earlier, which are responsible for heart-related diseases and reduce the number of deaths. The chapter also shows the comparison of different algorithms to differentiate from old traditional methodologies and find the best methodology which gives the best result. In the case of prediction models, parameters like age, gender, BMI, medical history, drinking and smoking habits, level of glucose, type of work the person does, etc., which will help to find the root cause for deaths in heart-related diseases. The use of prediction models, algorithms like random forest, decision tree, k-nearest neighbour, SVM, help to make a comparative analysis and keep a record of accurate models.
Families, Students, and Teachers
Authors: Begeske Jasmine , Smith Jennifer Elaine , Miranda David Ray Gutierrez , Bashiru Samira
Published: September 2023

Building relationships with students and their families is essential to being an effective teacher. Learning to build relationships should be taught in teacher preparation courses and allow for practicing these skills in classroom field experiences. Developing positive relationships leads to students feeling a greater sense of school connectedness and increased positive peer relationships. Relationship building is especially important when working with vulnerable populations such as students with disabilities and their families. Positive relationships with teachers are associated with positive academic and social outcomes for students with and without disabilities. This chapter will discuss building positive student-teacher-family relationships and will provide ideas for how pre-service and in-service teachers can develop those positive relationships.
Building School-Family Partnerships That Propel Children on Pathways for Positive Life Outcomes
Authors: Liberty Lisa M.
Published: September 2023

A large body of research supports the importance of family involvement in raising youth. Children who feel more supported by their families are more likely to experience both academic and social benefits. Family-school partnership activities such as communicating with teachers and school personnel, attending school events, and participating in organizational and leadership are components of multifaceted interventions that directly support effective family management practice and promote the well-being of children and adolescents.
Using HLPs to Increase Family Engagement in the IEP Process
Authors: Snider Julia E. , Hopkins Shari L. , Hovey Katrina A.
Published: September 2023

Family engagement in the individualized education program (IEP) process is a core tenant under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004. Central to family engagement is the use of strategies which promote family-school partnerships. Many of these strategies are addressed through the use of high leverage practices (HLPs) in special education. This chapter explores how HLPs can be conceptualized to promote family engagement in the IEP process, from development to implementation. Concrete, practitioner focused strategies and resources are provided to aid schools in fostering positive and collaborative relationships with families to ensure students are able to access the necessary support and service to make progress in their education.
Family Events and Connections That Work
Authors: Ferguson Lori Kay , Brown Megan R.
Published: September 2023

Family Mathematics Nights and Family Literacy Nights are much-anticipated events in communities. These opportunities engage families with their child's learning in fun and interactive ways. Educators, both preservice and practicing teachers, connect with families in schools during the events to provide support. However, during the COVID-19 pandemic, in-person family events were not possible. Therefore, virtual family events were created, and the benefits were clear. This catalyst opened the potential for these events to continue, especially for families of children with disabilities. This chapter will include the benefits of pursuing these events in both an in-person and virtual manner and practical steps for implementing these events.
A Review on In-Situ Denitrification Technology for Consideration in Jaffna Peninsula Aquifer Remediation
Authors: Sivaramanan Sivakumaran , Reinsel Mark
Published: September 2023

The groundwater nitrate levels in the Jaffna peninsula of Sri Lanka are well above the World Health Organization limit of 10 mg/L as N and recent studies point to the high use of chemical fertilizers and the close proximity of septic systems to drinking water wells as probable causes. Since aquifers in the peninsula are primarily porous, and shallow karstic Miocene limestone, they provide high levels of infiltration. If the current situation continues unabated, the public may suffer the harmful effects of nitrate toxicity.  This paper discusses in-situ bioremediation processes, along with other possible mitigation measures, to remove nitrate and improve the quality of the drinking water. Five in-situ denitrification projects conducted in the Northern USA and Canada are presented, using carbon sources such as ethanol, methanol, and acetate. Treatment was achieved by a) injecting carbon and phosphorus or b) infiltrating treated water with excess carbon and phosphorus into groundwater. Nitrate-nitrogen concentrations as high as 60 mg/L have been reduced to below the limit of 10 mg/L with no ill effects. Pump-and-treat methods are conventional techniques and comparatively high-cost solutions. Furthermore, greener solutions such as controlling inorganic fertilizer addition and implementing long-term protective measures are inexpensive, but the minimal threat continues to exist. In addition, sustainable solutions such as banning agrochemicals, switching to organic farming, and establishing groundwater source protection zones have no negative impacts on the environment, but they are highly expensive to implement. In addition, restorative methods such as in-situ bioremediation and carbon farming, cultural or reconciliatory practices such as mulching seaweeds as organic fertilizer and using organic Neem-based pesticides, and regenerative solutions such as agroforestry or permaculture (includes intercropping with symbiotic nitrogen fixing crops) and holistic farming are less expensive and highly resilient or systemically vital methods suggested by this review.
Design, Development and Performance Evaluation of an Abrasion Peeling Machine for Ambarella (Spondias dulcis) fruits
Authors: Kosgollegedara E. J. , Dharmasena D. A. N. , Jayatissa D. N.
Published: September 2023

Ambarella (Spondias dulcis) is one of the newest exotic fruits to gain popularity since it has been used to produce various processed food in Sri Lanka. The fruit pulp of Ambarella is the primary entity used to process food. Thus, peeling at the preliminary processing stage is required to obtain fruit pulp. Currently, it has been done manually using hand tools, which takes a lot of time and labour costs. In addition, no technical solution has been developed for the small and medium food processing industry. Consequently, a continuous type, rotary abrasion peeling cum washing peeler was fabricated as a solution for Ambarella peeling to satisfy food processing at micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs). The machine consists of an abrasion drum where a fibre brush roller and water spraying unit are incorporated. While the drum spins, peeling is performed by a combination of abrasion surface, brush roller and water. The comparative machine performance was evaluated to find the best suited horizontal drum angle for peeling of Large and Miniature fruit types of Ambarella and compared with the manual knife peeling method. The best suited horizontal drum angle and rpm for mechanical Ambarella peeling were 10° and 75 rpm respectively. At this point, the machine capacity was 102 kg/h, with 49% peeling efficiency regardless of Ambarella fruit types. Moreover, the new peeling machine showed significantly higher (22-fold) mechanical peeling capacity in comparison to knife peeling (p < 0.05). However, machine peeling efficiency was significantly lower than manual knife peeling (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the material loss was less than 5%. The costs of peeling the Ambarella by machine and manual process were 2.00 LKR/kg and 40.00 LKR/kg, respectively. Machine peeling necessitates 19 times less labour than manual peeling. Based on the machine capacity, it is appropriate for MSMEs. However, further improvements are needed to enhance the Ambarella peeling efficiency.
Effect of seminal or plasma antioxidant levels on seminal parameters in selected sub-fertile male
Authors: Munasinghe D. A. L. , Weerasooriya M. K. B. , Liyanage J. A. , Wakkumbura H. P.
Published: September 2023

Antioxidants play a significant role in neutralizing oxidative stress, which could cause impairments to the spermatozoa. Various studies have pointed to various conclusions about the effect of antioxidants on seminal quality. Thus, this cross-sectional study was set up to analyze the relationship between the antioxidants and seminal parameters in Sri Lanka from August 2014 to April 2016. The selected sub-fertile population was investigated to gather demographic data and food habits. Eventually, blood and seminal sample (after three days of abstinent from ejaculation) were collected from them. The blood and semen of each subject were analyzed for total antioxidant concentrations, and the semen was further undergone for the seminal analysis. Normal healthy males were selected for the control group. The average total antioxidant levels of the semen (892.49 ± 187.49) and plasma (808.39 ± 423.88) of the test group (n = 75) were compared with the same of the control group (semen; 929.58 ± 190.70, plasma; 878.73 ± 426.28) separately and found to have no statistically significant difference in each (p > 0.05). Spearman correlation and linear regression analysis were carried out to determine the relationship between plasma and semen antioxidant levels with each seminal parameter of the test group. It was evident that no statistically significant relationship was found in either test for tested variables. Thus, the quality of semen is independent of the seminal or blood level of antioxidants in the experimental group. This could be due to a sufficient level of antioxidants in the body fluids of the study group.
Student Perceptions of Integrating Interprofessional Education and Overcoming Barriers: A Case Report
Authors: Figgins Molly M. , Feld Sharon D. , DeShaw Kathryn J.
Published: September 2023

Context

Health care education programs require interprofessional education (IPE) as a curricular requirement to prepare students for collaborative practice upon entrance to the field of health care. However, there are still barriers to integrating IPE, and there is a need for more research regarding athletic training student perceptions and learning from IPE education and how program faculty can overcome barriers to IPE.

Objective

The purpose of this case report is to examine how program faculty have overcome barriers to IPE within a professional-level, master’s degree–granting athletic training program (ATP) at a small liberal arts institution in the Midwestern United States. In addition, we investigated the students’ perceptions of IPE.

Design

We examined one ATP and how specific barriers to IPE were overcome, and student perceptions of IPE.

Intervention(s)

The ATP program faculty developed relationships with 3 different disciplines to develop and host 3 separate workshops. Collaborative workshops were designed with physician assistant, graduate mental health counseling, and undergraduate social work programs. We used the Interprofessional Collaborative Competencies Attainment Survey as a pre- and post-workshop assessment for student perceptions and learning.

Results

All participants reported higher scores after each workshop with no significant differences between the disciplines. Initial results from each workshop revealed no student benefited more than any of the other students. In addition, program faculty were able to overcome common barriers to achieve planned IPE within the ATP curriculum.

Conclusions

Health care is a collaborative field, and to ensure patients receive the best care possible, health care students must be educated in collaborative practice. While barriers exist to integrating IPE into health care education programs, faculty who collaborate with one another can overcome these barriers to develop meaningful IPE.
A Prospective Study Comparing Quality of Life after Laparoscopic Donor Nephrectomy versus Open Donor Nephrectomy
Authors: Bansal Devanshu , Krishna Asuri , Prajapati Omprakash , Kumar Subodh , Sagar Rajesh , Subramaniam Rajeshwari , Misra Mahesh C. , Bansal Virinder Kumar
Published: September 2023

Laparoscopic donor nephrectomy (LDN) has advantages over open donor nephrectomy (ODN), with less bleeding and pain, and earlier discharge. However, the quality of life (QOL) has not been compared between these techniques. All consecutive donors undergoing left LDN or ODN from 2013 to 2015 at our center were included. The donors' QOL was measured with the brief World Health Organization QOL (WHOQOL-BREF) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaires preoperatively and at 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Cosmesis was measured by the body image questionnaire, and patient satisfaction was scored on a verbal rating scale at 3 and 6 months. Of the 264 donors, 228 met the inclusion criteria (100 – LDN and 128 – ODN). The LDN group showed no difference in WHOQOL-BREF scores at 3 months, and significant improvements in the psychological and social domains at 6 months versus the baseline. The ODN group showed a significant decrease in the physical, psychological, and environmental domains at 3 and 6 months versus the baseline. Compared with the ODN group, the LDN group had better QOL scores at 3 and 6 months in all domains. The responses to the HADS questionnaire were similar between the groups at all time points. The mean body image, cosmesis, and satisfaction scores were significantly better in the LDN group. LDN minimized the negative effects of surgery on the donors' QOL, with improvements in the long-term psychological and social aspects versus the baseline. LDN was more cosmetic and was associated with higher satisfaction than ODN.
Determinants of Mortality in Patients with Acute Kidney Injury Caused by Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection in a Tertiary Care Hospital of South India
Authors: Anvar Maniyar Iqbal , Bhaskar Bala S , Chand Kiran N , Kalaburgi Riyaj Ahmad , Shaik Riyaz Ahamed
Published: September 2023

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and its severity is linked to the adverse outcomes of multiorgan involvement. We attempted to assess the clinical outcomes and determinants of mortality in patients admitted to our COVID-19 care center from May to November 2020 who developed AKI through a retrospective examination of their case records. The data of those who developed AKI were analyzed for their clinical parameters, clinical presentation, history, laboratory parameters, urine output measurements, requirements for dialysis, treatment, and treatment outcomes (discharge or death). These outcomes were correlated to the comorbidities, laboratory parameters, the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) AKI stage, sequential organ failure assessment score, and need for dialysis or renal replacement therapy. Of 1890 patients admitted, 132 (6.98%) patients developed AKI. Of 450 deaths from all causes, 67 (14%) were in AKI patients. There were 100 (75.8%) males and 32 (24.8%) females. The mean age was 62.05 ± 11.48 years. The median duration of stay was 7 days (interquartile range: 4––11.75 days). The number of patients in AKI Stages 1, 2, and 3 was 1 (0.75%), 64 (48.48%), and 67 (50.75%), respectively. The most common symptoms were breathlessness (85.6%), fever (84.5%), myalgia (81.19%), and weakness (76.5%). Multivariate analysis showed that the determinants of mortality were a partial pressure of oxygen saturation (pO2) of <75% and of 76%-85% compared with a pO2 of >85%, not receiving remdesivir, and KDIGO Stage >2.
Early versus Delayed Strategies for Renal Replacement Therapy Initiation in Adult Patients with Severe Acute Kidney Injury Complicating Septic Shock: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Somaili Mohammed
Published: September 2023

Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication in hospitalized patients and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Renal replacement therapy (RRT) is used to manage AKI. The optimal timing of starting RRT in patients with AKI is still uncertain. This study is aimed to assess the effect of different timing strategies of RRT (early vs. standard) on mortality and dependence on dialysis in severe AKI complicating septic shock. A systematic review was conducted using the Ovid Medline database, trial registries, and manual searches of key journals from January 2000 to October 2020. Appropriate outcomes were pooled and analyzed via a meta-analysis. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included to compare between the early vs. delayed strategies of RRT. The inverse generic method was used, and the data were pooled using random effects. Five studies were included in this review, with 4329 participants. Overall, most domains were assessed as low-risk or with some concerns about the risk of bias. Compared with standard therapy, early initiation probably results in little or no difference regarding death, and may also result in no or little difference in independence on dialysis. The early strategy may result in a slight increase in adverse events. Compared with the standard strategy, earlier RRT initiation may slightly reduce the length of hospital stay. Further RCTs are needed to define the optimal timing of RRT initiation in this population.
Possible role of high calcium concentrations in rat neocortical neurons in inducing hyper excitatory behavior during emergence from sevoflurane: a proposed pathophysiology
Authors: Ramlan Andi Ade Wijaya , Madjid Amir S. , Hanindito Elizeus , Mangunatmaja Irawan , Ibrahim Nurhadi
Published: September 2023

Sevoflurane has been shown to increase the incidence of emergence delirium in children; however, the mechanism remains unclear. Sevoflurane increases cytoplasmic calcium concentration which in turn may play a role in emergence delirium. This study aimed to investigate the level of intracellular calcium in rats experiencing hyperexcitatory behavior after exposure to sevoflurane, as well as the role of magnesium in preventing this phenomenon. After ethical approval, 2-5-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 34) were insufflated with sevoflurane in a modified anesthesia chamber. One group received magnesium sulphate intraperitoneally. After termination of sevoflurane exposure, the occurrence of hyperexcitation was observed. Brain tissue samples from the rats were studied for intracellular calcium levels under a two-channel laser scanning confocal microscope and were quantitatively calculated using ratiometric calculation. The presence of inflammation or oxidative stress reaction was assessed using nuclear factor κB and malondialdehyde. The incidence of hyperexcitatory behavior post sevoflurane exposure was 9 in 16 rats in the observation group and none in the magnesium group. Tests for inflammation and oxidative stress were within normal limits in both groups. The rats showing hyperexcitation had a higher level of cytosol calcium concentration compared to the other groups. To conclude, the calcium concentration of neocortical neurons in Sprague-Dawley rats with hyperexcitatory behavior is increased after exposure to sevoflurane. Administration of magnesium sulphate can prevent the occurrence of hyperexcitation in experimental animals.
Effects of dexmedetomidine, fentanyl and magnesium sulfate added to ropivacaine on sensory and motor blocks in lower abdominal surgery: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Modir Hesameddin , Hafez-Alsehe Negar , Almasi-Hashiani Amir , Kamali Alireza
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to compare the effects of intrathecal dexmedetomidine, fentanyl and magnesium sulfate added to ropivacaine on the onset and duration of sensory and motor blocks in lower abdominal surgery. This double-blind randomized clinical trial included 90 patients scheduled for lower abdominal surgery at Vali-Asr Hospital in Arak, Iran. The enrolled patients were randomly divided into three equal groups and then underwent spinal anesthesia. The first group received 10 μg of dexmedetomidine, the second group received 50 μg of fentanyl, and the third group received 200 mg of 20% magnesium sulfate intrathecally in addition to 15 mg of 0.5% ropivacaine. In the dexmedetomidine group, the mean arterial blood pressure was lower than the other two groups (P = 0.001). Moreover, the time to onset of sensory block (P = 0.001) and the mean duration of sensory block (P = 0.001) were shorter and longer, respectively, in the dexmedetomidine group than in the other two groups. In the dexmedetomidine group, the mean time to onset of motor block (P = 0.001) and the mean duration of motor block (P = 0.001) were lower and higher than in the other two groups, respectively. There was no significant difference in visual analog scale score, heart rate, administered opioid, and drug side effects among the three groups. Dexmedetomidine caused early sensory and motor blocks while prolonging the duration of sensory and motor blocks compared with the other two groups. In addition, dexmedetomidine reduced mean arterial blood pressure in patients. Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that dexmedetomidine can be used in order to enhance the quality of sensory and motor block in patients.
Respiratory arrest after posterior fossa decompression in patients with Chiari malformations: An overview
Authors: Atallah Oday , Wireko Andrew Awuah , Chaurasia Bipin
Published: September 2023

Background:

Chiari malformation type 1 (CM1) is a structural abnormality in the skull and cerebellum, causing cerebellar tonsils to shift downward. Decompression of the posterior fossa is a common surgical method to relieve symptoms and prevent neurological deterioration. After posterior fossa decompression (PFD), individuals with CM1 were more likely to have respiratory arrest. Here, we present, for the first time, a comprehensive overview of the potential risk factors and causes of respiratory arrest following PFD.

Methods:

A review of the literature highlighting the risk factors for postoperative respiratory arrest in CM1 patients was conducted in the databases of PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar.

Results:

Patients with syringomyelia and CM1 are at increased risk for respiratory arrest due to a number of factors, including impaired respiratory mechanics, central respiratory center dysfunction from edema or ischemia, intraoperative brain stem ischemia, and delayed gastric emptying from autonomic dysfunction. Occipitalization of the first cervical vertebra, basilar impression, and fusion of C2-C3 are all risk factors for respiratory arrest.

Conclusion:

Implications for CM1 patient care and prospects for further investigation of postoperative respiratory arrest’s causes and risk factors were discussed.
Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis: A functional enemy of vertebral stability – Case series and surgical consideration of craniovertebral junction involvement
Authors: Giammalva Giuseppe R. , Maugeri Rosario , Cusimano Luigi M. , Sciortino Andrea S. , Bonosi Lapo , Brunasso Lara , Costanzo Roberta , Signorelli Francesco , Tumbiolo Silvana , Iacopino Domenico G. , Visocchi Massimiliano
Published: September 2023

Context:

Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) or Forestier’s syndrome may reduce vertebral mobility, thus affecting the stability of adjacent vertebral segments and promoting spinal stenosis, vertebral dislocation, and unstable fracture secondary to low-energy trauma.

Aims:

This study aimed to contribute with a case series of three patients affected by DISH undergone surgery with occipitocervical fixation for craniovertebral junction (CVJ) instability since the poor literature about CVJ instability and surgery in patients affected by DISH.

Settings and Design:

This was a multicentric case series.

Subjects and Methods:

Literature about CVJ instability and surgery in patients affected by DISH is poor. Thus, we present a case series of three patients affected by DISH, who underwent surgery with occipitocervical fixation with different clinical and radiological patterns.

Results:

CVJ represents one of the most mobile joints of the spine and is at greater risk for instability. Moreover, instability itself may act as primum movens for several degenerative conditions such as cervical spondylosis, ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament, and cervical deformities. On the contrary, DISH itself may worsen CVJ instability because of subaxial spine stiffness. In case of DISH, the rigid unit formed by several ossified vertebral bodies acts as a long lever arm, increasing the forces applied to the hypermobile CVJ and reducing the dynamic buffer capability of ossified spine. On the other hand, vertebral instability increases the odds of fractures. In such cases, CVJ posterior instrumentation and fusion is an effective and feasible surgical technique, aimed to restore vertebral stability and to halt the progression of spinal stenosis.

Conclusions:

Due to the altered dynamics cervical spine along with the possible comorbidities, treatment indication and surgery for patients affected by DISH must be tailored case by case.