bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ค่าใช้จ่ายส่วนกลางอาคารชุดพักอาศัย
Authors:   , อิสระศักดิ์ สิทธิพร
Published: April 2023

อาคารชุดพักอาศัยมีอายุการใช้งานจำกัด การใช้งานทำให้อาคารเกิดการเสื่อมสภาพ จึงเกิดความต้องการการดูแลบำรุงรักษา นำมาซึ่งค่าใช้จ่ายการดูแลตลอดการใช้งานอาคาร  ค่าใช้จ่ายมีการบันทึกเป็นประจำทุกปี อ้างอิงมาตรฐานระบบบัญชี บัญชีค่าใช้จ่ายจึงไม่สะท้อนค่าใช้จ่ายส่วนกลางที่ชัดเจน อายุอาคารที่มากขึ้นส่งผลให้เกิดค่าใช้จ่ายมากขึ้น การเข้าใจค่าใช้จ่ายการส่วนกลางอาคารชุดที่แท้จริง จึงเป็นข้อมูลประกอบการตัดสินใจที่สำคัญ เพื่อการวางแผนงานดูแลรักษาและกำหนดงบประมาณค่าใช้จ่ายส่วนกลาง การศึกษาครั้งนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาค่าใช้จ่ายที่เกิดขึ้นระหว่างการใช้งานอาคาร เพื่อให้เกิดความชัดเจนของโครงสร้างค่าใช้จ่ายที่เกิดขึ้นจริง และเพื่อเข้าใจค่าใช้จ่ายความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างค่าใช้จ่าย ลักษณะอาคาร และอายุอาคาร  อาศัยแนวทางการวิจัยเชิงประจักษ์ โดยการเลือกอาคารชุดพักอาศัยเป็นกลุ่มประชากรตัวอย่าง รวบรวมข้อมูลทูติยภูมิจากบัญชีรายจ่ายนิติบุคคลอาคารชุด 39 กรณีศึกษา ที่มีการบันทึกต่อเนื่อง 14 ปี ระหว่าง พ.ศ. 2546-2560 ทั้งหมด 296 บัญชี จาการศึกษาทำให้เข้าใจว่า รายการค่าใช้จ่ายส่วนกลางอาคารชุดพักอาศัยทั้งหมด 83 รายการ ได้แก่ หมวดสาธารณูปโภค หมวดบริหารและจัดการ หมวดบริการอาคาร และหมวดซ่อมแซมและบำรุงรักษา การวิเคราะห์สัดส่วนค่าส่วนกลางอาคารชุด พบว่า ค่าบริหารและจัดการ ร้อยละ 40 ค่าบริการอาคาร ร้อยละ 45 ค่าสาธารณูปโภค ร้อยละ 10 และค่าดูแลและบำรุงรักษา ร้อยละ 5 รูปแบบการเปลี่ยนแปลงค่าใช้จ่ายจำแนกตามการบริหารทรัพยากรกายภาพ มี 2 รูปแบบ ได้แก่ การเปลี่ยนแปลง ระหว่าง ร้อยละ 5-10 เพิ่มขึ้นอย่างสม่ำเสมอ พบใน ค่าบริหารและจัดการ ค่าบริการอาคาร และการสาธารณูปโภค และการเปลี่ยนแปลงมากกว่า ร้อยละ 10 เพิ่มอย่างกระจัดกระจาย พบใน ค่าซ่อมแซมและบำรุงรักษา ค่าใช้จ่ายพื้นฐานสำคัญที่ส่งผลต่อค่าใช้จ่ายส่วนอาคารชุดพักอาศัยมาก ได้แก่ ค่าบริหารอาคาร ค่าบริการทำความสะอาด ค่ารักษาความปลอดภัย และค่าไฟฟ้า การเปลี่ยนแปลงค่าใช้จ่ายมีแนวโน้มเพิ่มขึ้นต่อเนื่อง ช่วงปีที่ 1-3 เป็นช่วงที่มีอัตราการเพิ่มขึ้นสูงสุด ช่วงปีที่ 4-5 ค่าใช้จ่ายเพิ่มขึ้นอย่างสม่ำเสมอ และมีแนวโน้มการเปลี่ยนแปลงคงที่ เมื่ออายุอาคารมากกว่าปีที่ 6 พบว่าค่าใช้จ่ายการซ่อมแซมและบำรุงรักษายังคงเพิ่มขึ้นอย่างกระจัดกระจาย อย่างมีนัยยะสำคัญกับรอบอายุอาคาร ผลทดสอบความสัมพันธ์ทางสถิติระหว่างค่าใช้จ่ายส่วนกลางและลักษณะอาคาร และเวลา พบว่า ค่าใช้จ่ายส่วนกลางสัมพันธ์กับระดับราคาและอายุอาคารอย่างมีนัยยะสำคัญทางสถิติสูงมาก ค่าใช้จ่ายส่วนกลางแปรผันตามอายุอาคารและราคาขาย แต่แปรผกผันกับขนาดอาคาร จำนวนห้องชุด จำนวนชั้น  จำนวนอาคาร และแปรผันเกี่ยวเนื่องกับปีที่จดทะเบียน ค่าใช้จ่ายส่วนกลางอาคารชุดระยะยาวมีการเปลี่ยนแปลงสูงและเพิ่มมากขึ้น การวางแผนงานจึงควรให้ความสำคัญตามรอบอายุของแต่ละองค์ประกอบทางกายภาพอาคาร ค่าใช้จ่ายการดูแลกายภาพอาคารเป็นค่าใช้จ่ายที่เกิดขึ้นกับการบำรุงรักษา ซ่อมแซม และเปลี่ยนทดแทน การบริหารค่าใช้จ่ายส่วนกลางอาคารชุด ทั้งค่าใช้จ่ายพื้นฐาน ค่าใช้จ่ายทางเลือก และค่าใช้จ่ายเฉพาะที่สะท้อนค่าใช้จ่ายที่เกิดขึ้นจริงอย่างเป็นระบบ จะเป็นฐานข้อมูลสำคัญสำหรับการพิจารณาและตัดสินใจวางแผนค่าใช้จ่ายระยาว ที่สัมพันธ์กับลักษณะอาคารและอายุการใช้งาน
Mekân Algısının Dönüşümünde Gerçeklik Kavramı: Pleasantville Filminin Okuması
Authors: YURTSEVER Bengi
Published: April 2023

Kent kavramının, mekânsal sınırların dönüşümüyle farklı bir tanımlamaya gereksinim duyacağı açıktır. Mimari kapsamda kent, mekân, yer, ortam ve bağlam gibi kavramlarda anlam dönüşümü yaşanabilecektir. Sosyolojik açıdan bakıldığında kolektif birliktelik ortamına altlık hazırlayan kentler, yeni sanal mekânlarda buna gereksinim duymadan yeni bir kolektif şehir hakkına sahip olabilecektir. Eski veya gerçek diye adlandırılan kentteki birçok mekânsa gerek fiziksel kullanım gerek sosyolojik anlam olarak yerini boşluklara bırakabilecektir. Bu çalışma kapsamında yeni şehir hakkı kavramına erişim sürecindeki mekânsal anlam dönüşümleri, Siegfried Kracauer’in görüşlerinden yararlanılarak Pleasantville (Yaşamın Renkleri) filminin okunmasıyla bir doküman analizi yapılmıştır. Kracauer’in modernizm mekânları üzerine görüşleri, maddesellik ve evsizlik formu kavramları hem kendi dönemi içerisinde hem de günümüz bağlamında irdelenmiştir. Bu içerikteki eleştiri metinleri, kitaplar ve filmler doküman analizinin bileşenlerini oluşturmuştur. Sosyolojik açıdan kolektif farkındalık dönemine tanıklık ettiren film aracılığıyla, günümüze ve geleceğe ilişkin yeni şehir hakkı arayışını tartışmak amaçlanmıştır. İçinde bulunulan kırılma dönemini öncekilerden ayıran durum alternatif bir sanal ortamın yeni kentsel mekân oluşumuna zemin hazırlıyor oluşudur. Dolayısıyla tamamen yeni bir düzenin, yaşantının ve belleğin gelişimini gözlemlemek ve bunlara ilişkin bileşenlerin yeniden tanımlanması söz konusudur. Olası yeni mekânların yeni haklara gereksinim duyabileceği; bu hakların sanal veya gerçek ortam ayırt etmeksizin kolektif bir aradalıklar olmadan etken olabilmesinin güçlüğü üzerinden tartışmanın değerlendirmesi tamamlanmıştır.
Síndrome de Angelman reporte de un caso
Authors: Cabrera Pérez Julio
Published: April 2023

Introducción: las manifestaciones clínicas más sobresalientes del síndrome de Angelman comprenden un retraso severo en el desarrollo psicomotor, ausencia de lenguaje verbal, convulsiones frecuentes, expresión permanente de rostro feliz con una sonrisa no motivada y marcha tambaleante, y dismorfia craneofacial. Es un trastorno genético por deleción del cromosoma 15 (15q11q13) en su expresión materna. En alrededor de un 10 a 15 % de los pacientes las pruebas genéticas son normales, como ocurrió en nuestro paciente. Su prevalencia se estima en 1/15000-20000 en la población general.

Objetivo: dar a conocer la existencia del Síndrome de Angelman en República Dominicana a toda la comunidad médica, especialmente a neurólogos y pediatras, como una causa impor- tante de retraso psicomotor severo y de convulsiones.

Materiales y método: se proporciona una paciente adolescente de 16 años con unas caracte- rísticas fenotípicas de alteraciones genéticas y evidente retraso psicomotor. Cuya expresión clínica es compatible con el síndrome de Angelman.

Conclusiones: por la asociación de retraso severo mental con un fenotipo conductual caracte- rístico de expresión de felicidad, se le llegó a conocer inapropiadamente como marioneta feliz, pero la existencia de convulsiones nos debe hacer pensar en el síndrome de Angelman.
Antecedents of On Purchase Intention of Foreign Products, Mediating Role of Attitude, and the Moderating Role of Ethnocentrism
Authors: Helly Hermawan , Budhi Haryanto , Didik Setyawan
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of perceived prestige, perceived quality, perceived value, brand image, country of origin and attitude to purchase intention foreign product and consumer attitude as mediation variable and also moderated by Customer’s Ethnocentrism variable. Specifically, it explains the variables that to form purchase intention consumer to foreign product "converse" and moderating effect of Customer’s Ethnocentrism variable. Data are gathered through survey by interviewing respondents who are guided by questionnaires. Sample consist of 200 respondents that collected by purposive sampling method. Structural Equation Modeling was used to explain the relationship of variables that are hypothesized. Meanwhile, to analyze moderation effect of the Customer's Ethnocentrism to use sub-group analysis. The test result indicated that there is significant relationship between perceived quality on attitude, perceived value on attitude, brand image on attitude, country of origin on attitude, and attitude on purchase intention. But there was not significant relationship between perceived prestige on attitude. Moreover, Customer's Ethnocentrism moderate the relationship between perceived prestige on attitude, perceived quality on attitudes, brand image on attitude, country of origin on attitudes, and attitudes on purchase intentions. But Customer's Ethnocentrism variabel was not moderate relationship between perceived value on attitude. In this study, shows the implications that can provide insight into the theoretical aspects, practical research aspects, and aspects for further research. And also shows the limitations of this study as an opportunity for future research.
Influence of Positive Psychological Capital on Social Entrepreneurship Intention During Covid-19
Authors: Rakotoarisoa Maminiaina Heritiana Sedera , Sulistyandari Sulistyandari , Ravoaja Hajaina , Randrianantenaina Solohery Mampionona Aime , Ramalina Ranaivo Mikea Manitra
Published: April 2023

The objective of this research is to identify the factor influencing sustainable entrepreneurial intention. This research uses a quantitative approach to examine the influence of psychological capital (hope, optimism, and resilience) and attitude on sustainable entrepreneurial intention. Survey of 156 Indonesian students was conducted to collect the data. The proposed hypothesis was tested with structural equation modelling. The result demonstrated that attitude and optimism have a positive  influence on  sustainable  entrepreneurial  intention  whereas  the  influence  of hope   and   resilience   on   sustainable   entrepreneurial   intention   was   not   validated. Moreover, attitude can enhance this psychological capital (hope, optimism, and resilience) and hope can be strengthened by resilience and optimism. This work can contribute to enriching the literature in entrepreneurship. Also, recognizing the antecedents of sustainable entrepreneurial intention is vital in promoting entrepreneurship, thus university and governments can leverage the result. This empirical research outlines the importance of psychological capital and its role in entrepreneurship which is still lacking in this particular research setting.
Korelasi Pengajaran Pak Di SMA Negeri 2 Jayapura Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Perkembangan Iman Siswa XII IPA
Authors: Greace Greace
Published: April 2023

Melalui pendidikan agama Kristen, guru dapat membimbing dan membentuk kepribadian anak didiknya, yang akan berdampak dan berpengaruh pada pertumbuhan dan perkembangan imannya. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah mendeskripsikan korelasi pengajaran PAK di SMA Negeri 2 Jayapura terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan iman siswa XII IPA. Penelitian kuantitatif ini dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 2 Jayapura dengan populasi sebanyak 276 siswa kelas XII IPA. Sebanyak 74 sample diambil secara simple random sampling. Instrumen pengumpulan data berupa kuesioner. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi bivariat untuk melihat hubungan antar variabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antara pengajaran PAK dengan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan iman peserta didik kelas XII di SMAN 2 Jayapura.
Intervenções de educação alimentar e nutricional e impacto no consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados em escolares
Authors: Knob Cecília , Bilibio Sarah Assoni , Santos Pâmela Antoniazzi dos
Published: April 2023

No período escolar as crianças e os adolescentes adquirem o modelo alimentar a ser seguido durante a vida adulta. Isso ocorre por meio de vivências e experiências familiares e sociais. A educação alimentar e nutricional (EAN) auxilia nas decisões de escolhas alimentares mais saudáveis nesta fase da vida. Baseando-se nisso, este trabalho avaliou o efeito de intervenções de EAN sobre o consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados em escolares de uma escola pública de Caxias do Sul- RS. Foi realizado um estudo quase experimental, do tipo antes e depois, em escolares dos terceiros e quartos anos do ensino fundamental, no período de agosto a setembro de 2019. Aplicou-se um questionário sociodemográfico simplificado e um inquérito alimentar questionando o que a criança consumiu nas seis refeições do dia anterior, com o objetivo de identificar a ocorrência do consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados. Em seguida, foram realizadas intervenções durante seis semanas abordando assuntos sobre alimentação saudável. A amostra final foi de 80 escolares, na qual identificou-se que a prevalência de consumo de lanches oferecidos na escola foi de 90,5%, destes 58% eram ultraprocessados. Nas refeições realizadas em casa, o consumo de ultraprocessados foi de 23,58%. As intervenções de EAN foram estatisticamente significativas para promover mudanças nas refeições: café da manhã (p=0,046), lanche da manhã (p=0,002) e jantar (p=0,001). Conclui-se que o consumo de ultraprocessados pelos escolares era elevado, tanto na escola quanto em casa, porém observou-se que programas de intervenções nutricionais nas escolas contribuem para melhores escolhas alimentares.
Tindak Pidana Kesusilaan Melalui Media Elektronik Dalam Perspektif Krimonologi Bambang
Authors: Bambang Bambang
Published: April 2023

Tindak pidana Kesusilaan melalui media elektronik pada umumnya sering diartikan merusak tatananan kehidupan masyarakat selain merusak generasi pada khususnya. Suatu tindak pidana dapat terjadi kepada siapa saja dengan cara yang beraneka ragam. termasuk salah satunya dengan cara pemanfaatan kemajuan teknologi yang pesat terjadi sekarang ini. Tidak dapat dipungkiri, aktifnya interaksi sosial pada laman media sosial, membuka kemungkinan terjadinya tindak pidana kesusilaan. Prinsipnya ius societas ubi ius, yang merupakan laman virtual namu diisi oleh berbagai golongan dan lapisan masyarakat, menempatkan sebagai suatu ruang publik yang luar biasa besar dan berpengaruh.

            Tindak pidana kesesuliaan khususnya yang terjadi pada anak semakin memprihatinkan sedangkan dalam Undang-undang Nomor 44 Tahun 2008 tentang Pornografi dan Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 sebagaimana telah di ubah dengan uu no 35 tahun 2015 tentang Perlindungan Anak dinilai masih kurang memadai dan belum memenuhi kebutuhan hukum serta perkembangan masyarakat.
KARAKTERISTIK KITAB TAFSIR AL-LU’LU’ WA AL-MARJAN FI TAFSI R AL-QUR’AN KARYA KARIMAN HAMZAH
Authors: Arifin Zainul
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini membahas salah satu kitab tafsir karya seorang perempuan Mesir yakni Kariman H{amzah dengan karyanya kitab tafsir Al-Lu’lu’ wa al-Marjan fi Tafsir al-Qur’an. Kitab tafsir ini layak untuk diteliti karena banyak mempunyai keunikan dan model penyajiannya yang Istimewa, penjelasan yang singkat, global, dan penyebutan sumber atau tokoh yang dikutip sang mufasir jelas. Hal tersebut tentu mempermudah bagi seseorang yang membutuhkan alasan atau dalil dalam berdakwah ataupun yang lainnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif-analisis. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan metode pemanfaatan dokumen yang menggunakan teknik library research (kepustakaan). Adapun hasil dari pada penelitian ini, menunjukkan bahwa metode penafsiran yang dipakai Kariman H{amzah dalam kitab tafsir al-Lu’lu’ wa al-Marjan fi Tafsir al-Qur’an adalah metode tafsir tahlili sebagaimana keumuman tafsir mush}afi. penafsirannya mengkombinasi antara al-tafsir bi al-ma’sur dan al-tafsir bi al-ma’qul. dan corak penafsirannya adalah adabi al-ijtimai.
HUKUM KELUARGA DI DUNIA ISLAM (Studi Analisis Terhadap Pembahruan Hukum Islam Sudan)
Authors: Elpipit Elpipit , Saputra Wawan
Published: April 2023

Substansi penting penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk menjelaskan bagaimana pembahruan yang terjadi pada bidang hukum Islam terutama hukum keluarga. Hukum keluarga merupakan hukum yang hidup dan mengakar di masyarakat, dan menempati posisi yang signifikan sebagai kekuatan moral masyarakat. Pembahruan hukum keluarga Islam menjadi fenomena unik di dunia muslim modern karena hukum keluarga bersifat adaptif dan aplikatif terhadap perkembangan sehingga setiap negara tentu memiliki perbedaan. Pertanyaan mendasar pada tulisan ini adalah bagaimana bentuk reformasi hukum keluarga Islam di Sudan, khususnya dalam hal perkawinan dan kewarisan. Kajian dilakukan secara deskriptif melalui pendekatan hostoris yuridis dari dua hal; pertama, sejarah singkat perkembangan hukum keluarga secara umum di Sudan, dan kedua; memuat tentang hukum perkawinan dan kewarisan. Tulisan ini menemukan bahwa negara Sudan telah banyak melakukan pembahruan terhadap aturan hukumnya, pembahruan dibuat berdasarkan hasil keputusan hakim (Qodhi al-Qudhat) yang kemudian dikodifikasikan dalam bentuk al-Mashurat; pembahruan hukum keluarga Sudan juga tidak terlepas dari perjuangan kaum perempuan, kaum perempuan sudan melalui gerakan aktivis perempuan banyak memberikan kontribusi pemikiran dalam pembentukan hukum, terutama dalam pembentukan hukum status pribadi Sudan.
Agricultural Marketing Management
Authors: Hatai Lakshmi Dhar
Published: April 2023

Agricultural marketing management deals with various activities of agricultural enterprise to achieve the objectives of higher productivity in its marketing operation by making optimum use of the available resources, enhancing the productivity of enterprise with the consumer oriented marketing. The book is divided into twelve chapters that dealing with all the relevant topics. All these chapters have been presented in a logical sequence, simple, lucid style with full emphasis on basic concepts of the subjects. This book has signify and confirm provide basic knowledge about market, agricultural marketing, marketing management, marketing research, marketing channels, as well as to impart knowledge about Buyer behavior, Demand and Sales forecasting, Pricing policies, Product Planning and Sales promotion techniques, Entrepreneurship etc. that will be helpful for setting a business enterprise for improving market infrastructure, direct and group marketing, establishment of modern marketing and processing units, market integration and the improvement of the overall efficiency of the agricultural marketing system. Contents of this book would go a long way in guiding the students, academicians, policy makers, administrators, economists, researchers and managerial personnel to develop, such policies and programmes which would help the stakeholders in improving their knowledge level and managerial aspects.
Applied Bioinformatics Statistics and Economics in Fisheries Research
Authors: Roy A.K.
Published: April 2023

The book “Applied Bioinformatics, Statistics and Economics in Fisheries Research” is first of its kind available in the market. The book spreading over 42 s within three broad sections like aqua-informatics, statistics and economics has covered the advanced tools and techniques of bioinformatics and statistics for exploratory analysis of genomic and microarray data of fishes. s on the latest developments on biotechnological approaches for fish disease diagnostic, infection and immunity of brood carps, cryoconservation of fishes, probiotics and nanotechnology in aquaculture are of paramount interest, in addition to information on prawn aquaculture, ornamental fish farming and trade. Information on various software and their application for exploratory data analysis and data mining leading to knowledge discovery and visualization is the main attraction of the book. Another important feature of the book is that one can find appropriate as well as illustrated examples exclusively with fisheries data. The statistics section includes biometrical and qualitative techniques in genetics and selective breeding of fish, besides fundamental statistical test, design of experiments and sampling methods for planning of experiments and survey in fisheries and aquaculture research. The book also includes econometric approach for technical efficiency estimation and input-output analysis, project evaluation, and impact assessment, linear programming, market intelligence, fisheries legislation, policy and IPR issues all of which are new in the field of fisheries and aquaculture. The book will not only be beneficial to students, but also will be a helpful guidance to researchers and planners for taking policy decisions as it covers a wide range of subjects that are gainfully applied to the fisheries and aquaculture research
Agroforestry for Increased Production and Livelihood Security
Authors: Gupta Sushil Kumar , Panwar Pankaj
Published: April 2023

The book entitled “Agroforestry for Increased Production and Livelihood Security” would help in understanding the issues and options for small and marginal land holders and ensuring their livelihood through agroforestry. The contributors of the manuscripts have vast working experience in different aspects of agroforestry and from different agro-ecological situations. This compilation would be a ready reference and perfect guide to all those in the profession of teaching agroforestry, environmentalists, policy planners, students and the farmers in general. This book can be used as supplementary reading material in graduate and post graduate courses of forestry, agroforestry and allied biological sciences. This voluminous compilation is likely to boost the cause of development and promotion of usage of agroforestry and encouraging the farmers to take up agroforestry as a sound land use to earn their livelihood.
Air Pollution and It'S Impacts on Plant Growth
Authors: Shyam S , Verma H.N
Published: April 2023

Rapid urbanization and industrialization has led to continuous  deterioration of air quality which i a major environmental problem in many urban centers in both the developed and developing countries. Air pollution is characterized by high concentration of suspended particulates matter, oxides of Sulphur and nitrogen primarily from increased use of vehicles. The book provided information on rational basis for air quality management and green belt development in urban areas.
Agricultural Nanotechnology: Basics and Practicals
Authors: Mandal Nintu
Published: April 2023

Agricultural Microbiology is a book designed with adequate number multiple choice question book specially designed to improve the knowledge of students and to provide them a powerful knowledge and feedback in their progress and future opportunities. thus, primarily this book can serve as a self-assessment guide for the students who are preparing for competitive examinations specially ASRB,ARS, PRE, ICAR-NET, ICAR-SRF, ICAR-JRF etc. and secondly, meant for those who appearing for UG, PG study in agriculture colleges/ agriculture institutes/ agriculture universities etc. the main objective of this book is to help students to enrich their powerful knowledge of microbiology because it is essential for the development of students in the area of agriculture science
Analytical Techniques in Animal Nutrition Research
Authors: Prabhu T.M.
Published: April 2023

Indigenous knowledge is the knowledge of the indigenous people inhabiting different geographical regions of the world with their own language, culture, tradition, belief, folklore, rites and rituals. Indigenous knowledge so developed is based on necessities, instinct, curiosity and observations of ethnic groups to mitigate the immediate situations. Eventually, this local knowledge in course of time gets socially accepted and validated which finally inters into the social life and subsequently become the Indigenous Traditional Knowledge (ITK) of the society as a whole. As such, scientist in this knowledge base economy who are in research of new ideas and innovations expect that indigenous knowledge may hold significant message which may be of use to remedy the deficiencies in modern agricultural and environment related issues. There is a need for studying and documenting traditional knowledge in different ecological and cultural environments. Several researchers are working on ITK in different fields of agriculture and allied sectors. There is a demand for a standard book on the overview of ITK. This book is designed in such a way that will give an overview of ITK, the differences between Science & ITK, different tools and techniques used in ITK, classification, importance & utilization of ITK, and recent ongoing researches on ITK in different parts of India. The objective of this book is to encourage the study of ethnic knowledge in different field of agriculture and allied sector. It is also an attempt to circulate amongst a larger group of readers regarding the importance of indigenous knowledge in scientific world. This book will, perhaps, be well received in all the Agricultural Universities, Animal Husbandry & Fisheries University, State Govt. Agri-allied Departments, Private and Public Sector Institutions where training, teaching, research and extension of agri-allied sector is undertaken.
Applied Computational Biology and Statistics in Biotechnology and Bioinformatics (Set of 2 Vols.)
Authors: Roy A.K.
Published: April 2023

The book entitled “Applied Computational Biology and Statistics in Biotechnology and Bioinformatics” is aimed to cater to the growing demand of academia, researchers and commercial ventures. Altogether there are forty four s divided into the following broad sections like 1. Bioinformatics, Genomics and Proteomics, 2. Phylogeny 3. Drug Design and Epigenomics 4. Advanced Computational Tools and Techniques 5. Statistical methods for computational biology, data mining and visualization 6. Socio Economics and Ethics. This book presents the foundations of key problems in computational molecular biology and bioinformatics. It contains basic molecular biology concepts, tools, techniques and ways to measure sequence similarity, presents simple applications of searching sequence databases. After introducing methods for aligning multiple biological sequences and genomes, the text explores applications of the phylogenetic tree, methods for comparing phylogenetic trees, the problem of gene expression and motif finding. Interestingly, it is attempted to introduce computational biology without formulas that presents the biological and computational ideas in a relatively simple manner. It focuses on computational and statistical principles applied to genomes, and introduces the computational statistics that are crucial for understanding and visualization of problems. This makes the material accessible to Statistician and computer scientists without biological training, as well as to biologists with limited background in Statistics and computer science. Furthermore one has been exclusively devoted to computational biology and computational statistics as applied in biotechnology illustrated with methodology, application and interpretation of results. More than four hundred figures, illustrations and diagrams reinforce concepts and present key results from the primary literature that will be very much useful to grasp on the subject, visualize the output and make right interpretation of the result. The book will be useful for all those working in Biotechnology sector in general and particularly researchers working in the laboratories of ICAR, CSIR, SAU’s and many more institutions engaged R&D activities.
Approaches for Incorporating Drought and Salinity Resistance in Crop Plants
Authors: Chopra V.L , Paroda R.S
Published: April 2023

Crop growth and productivity is limited by a large number of adverse conditions of ambient environment and soil composition. Among these, drought and soil salinity are most prevalent stresses. In view of shrinking land resources and continuing pressures of growing population in most developing countries, it has become imperative that crop yields are not allowed to suffer on any type of cultivable land. Breeding crop varieties resistant to drought and salinity stress, therefore, assumes great importance. Major limitations to exploiting genetic resistance have been the lack of (i) definition of the level of stress that is relevant to crop productivity, (ii) screening procedures that can be reliably employed for identifying genotypes possessing attributes governing stability of performance under stress conditions, and (iii) Understanding of the processes that have direct as well as indirect relevance to conferment of resistance. This book presents the much-needed information on drought and salinity stress under one cover. s have been contributed by a leading authority and practitioner of his own field of specialization. The book will be an indispensable source of information for students and researchers interested in the subject of drought and salinity stresses and breeding approaches for achieving resistance to these stresses.
Agro-Informatics
Authors: Vanitha G , Kalpana M
Published: April 2023

Agro-informatics is the application in agriculture with innovative ideas, techniques and scientific knowledge to expand the horizons of the Computer Science. The book contains the details about the information technology applied to management and analysis of agricultural data The book covers the diverse areas ranging from artificial intelligence, artificial neural networks, decision support system, expert system, geographic information system, information system related to agriculture, genetic algorithm, programming language with backend tool to develop softwares The book contains fifteen s that highlight and discuss the various dimensions of agro-informatics. It is hoped that the book will provide the basic and fundamental knowledge of understanding the concepts of Bioinformatics. This book is prepared, taking into consideration the changing needs of the undergraduate curricula of various universities involved in offering courses on agro-informatics The book will also be a guide for the researchers The book would also provide the required computer knowledge to the students of State Agricultural Universities and other ICAR Institutions to sharpen their understanding of agro-informatics.
Agronomy: Principles and Practices
Authors: Somasundaram E , Amanullah M.M
Published: April 2023

Understanding the basic principles of agronomy is as much important as that of knowing the latest developments scenario in the field of agriculture. It is strenuous strive to keep pace with the progress of such a vast subject like Agronomy which is in practice throughout the globe. The book is divided in to 15 chapters and which covers comprehensively the syllabus of the principles of agronomy.
Analytical Chemistry: An Introduction
Authors: Pandian P. Saravana , Sridevi G , Indirani R , Surendran U
Published: April 2023

Analysis of any constituents qualitatively and quantitatively is important to any scientific field. Analytical chemistry is a collection of analytical methods. It is an approach to study chemical problems.  It is the ideal place in the undergraduate curriculum in science for explaining topics such as common laboratory tools and apparatus, volumetric, gravimetric and instrumental methods. Analytical methods may come and go but the practice for designing and validating analytical methods are universal.The aim of this book is to find a more appropriate balance between classical and modern analytical methods. Therefore in order to understand the basic analytical principles, various analytical methods such as volumetry, gravimetry and instrumental methods this book has been written in simple and lucid manner to meet out the requirements of students at undergraduate level.
Agriculture and Waste Management for Sustainable Future
Authors: Sannigrahi Asoke Kumar
Published: April 2023

In this book the author has selected important topics like global warming, e-wastes management, solid waste management, organic farming, vermicomposting and alternatives to fossil fuels. Lot of information and data are included for the benefit of science and engineering students as well as research scholars working on these lines. Hope this book will be useful to them as reference book and will be a priced collection for their own library. All the topics are debatable, some say in favour while other say against of it while the author has tried to analyze all topics from scientific background. Global warming, though not agreed by many people, has already started showing its symptoms by irregular rains, hot summer in some places while cold winter somewhere else indicating the imbalance of nature. A systematic, low cost and employment generating approach has been discussed to manage the solid waste menace of the urban locality. Easy vermicomposting technique and its prospects and problems are discussed in detail for the benefit of people. The necessity of alternatives to petroleum fuel for keeping the wheels of nations progress always in dynamic speed has also been narrated with facts and figures. Hope, all these will attract the readers to refer the book in different perspective
ANALYSIS OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES AND ADOPTION EFFICIENCY IN WESTERN AGRICULTURAL ZONE OF BAUCHI STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Sani. M. H.  , Kushwaha, S.  , Madaki, M. Y.
Published: April 2023

The study analyzed the agricultural technologies and adoption efficiency in Western agricultural zone of Bauchi State, Nigeria. The study employed multi-strata fixed proportion random sampling from each village settlement making a total sample of 80 farmers of irrigated farm categories (small, medium and large farms) for the study. Similarly, 200 farmers that enrolled in the E-wallet agricultural technology were randomly selected for the study. Primary data were collected using well framed pre-tested questionnaire. The data were analyzed using, descriptive statistics, Adoption Index and probit regression analysis. The findings showed that 80% of owners of large farms and medium farms (65%) were high adopters and about 48% of the owners of small farms were medium adopters. The results of the probit regression revealed that household size, farming experience, attending agricultural exhibition and consulting newspaper were all significant (P<0.05), farm size (P<0.10) and extension contact (P<0.01) in farmers’ adoption of the E-wallet agricultural technology. The major constraints to E-wallet agricultural input distribution method in the study area were inadequate registration point (27.24%), network problem (23.16%) and registration of non-farmers (20.43%). The study concluded that adoption level of agricultural technologies in the study area was positively related with age, level of education and farm size. The study recommended that agricultural technologies of E-wallet inputs distribution in the study area should be sustained; virile extension services through private extension services, farmers to farmers’ extension approach should be encouraged in the study area.
ANALYSIS OF SHEEP CHARACTERISTICS INFLUENCING SELLING PRICE IN DAMBAM LIVESTOCK MARKET OF BAUCHI STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Kolo, A.  , Sani, R. M.  , Mohammed, I.
Published: April 2023

The study evaluated the influence of sheep characteristics on selling price in Dambam livestock market of Bauchi State, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 810 sheep traders. Data were collected using structured questionnaire for 37 weeks and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Gini coefficient and general linear model. The result reveals that all sheep traders were males (100%). The findings also revealed a Gini coefficient of 0.20, exhibiting oligopolistic market structures. The result of general linear model reveals coefficient of multiple determination (R2) value of 0.78, implying that 78% variations in selling price of sheep were explained by the independent variables included in the model.  The findings also reveals that size and body condition of sheep significantly influence (p < 0.001) selling price in the study area. The selling price of large size animal (N36,985.82) was significantly higher than that of medium size animal (N25, 297.04) and small sized animal (N17,773.84). The study concludes that the selling price of very fat animal (N27,043.06) attracts highest price among all categories in the study area. The selling price of Yankasa breed commanded higher price (N 30, 311.33) among the different breeds. While Uda, Balami and West African Dwarf  breeds attracted  N26,614.54 , N26, 531.10 and N26,475.12, respectively. The study recommends the need to introduce standardized unit of measurement and educate farmers on how to improve those attributes in the study area to enable them to obtain better price for their livestock and empower them to adopt modern management practices.
ANALYSIS OF EFFECTS OF INSURGENCY ON COWPEA PRODUCTION IN POTISKUM LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF YOBE STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Bawa, A. G.  , Sani, M. H.  , Iliyasu, Y.
Published: April 2023

This study analysed the effects of insurgency on cowpea production in Potiskum local government area of Yobe State, Nigeria. A sample of 120 cowpea farmers were randomly interviewed using structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results show that 35% of the respondents fell within the age bracket of 28-33 years; males constituted 55% and 42% had primary education. The findings further showed that 77.50% of the farmers perceived the effect of insurgency on their livelihood. Majority 70.80% of the respondent perceived increase in poverty and job loses. The result shows that majority (52.5%) of the respondents affected by the conflicts, children (21.7%), women (13.3%) and adult men (8.3%), lost their houses (32.50%), lost their livestock (29.20%), and 16.70% and 13.30% lost their crops and sustained body injury, respectively. Majority (67.50%) of the respondents proffered all the methods in resolving the insurgency, military action (16.70%), negotiation (6.70%), 5.0% and 4.20% suggested state of emergency and amnesty, respectively. Furthermore, regression analysis reveals that 74% variation of the effects of the insurgency on cowpea output was accounted by the independent variables in the model. However, educational level, sex and income were significant at p< 0.001, while household size, farm size and distance from farm to homestead were significant at p< 0.05. Chi-square analysis reveals that the variables included in the model such as sex, educational level, age, income and distance from farmlands to homestead were significant at p< 0.05, with the exception of farm size, marital status and farming experience.  The study concluded that insurgency do exist in the study area and the effects include loss of lives, crops, and destruction of infrastructures, such as schools, telecommunication mast, mosques, churches, markets and houses. The study recommended that education and employment opportunities be provided to the youths in the study area.
CORRELATION OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE TEACHERS’ QUALIFICATION AND THEIR COGNITION
Authors: Bashir, U. S.  , Garba, S. A.  , Umar, D.
Published: April 2023

The study correlates agricultural science teacher’s qualification and their levels of cognition. Two objectives, two research questions and one hypothesis were formulated to guide the study. The study adopted descriptive-correlational survey research designs. The population was all the 168graduates’ teachers teaching agricultural science in the public secondary schools of Bauchi state, Nigeria. A stratified random sampling technique was used to select 120 teachers. Florida taxonomy of cognitive behaviour was used as instrument for data collection and was pilot tested using thirty (30) Agricultural science teachers outside the study area and obtained a reliability coefficient of 0.98. The instrument was administered to the selected respondent for data collection. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics and pearson product moment correlation. The results revealed that agricultural science teachers with bachelor degree exhibit higher level of cognition than teachers with master’s degree at both lower and higher cognitive levels with both teachers teaching at lower cognitive level. There was no significant relationship between secondary school agricultural science teacher’s qualification and their level of cognition. It was recommended that Agricultural science teachers should be send for in service training to upgrade on the six levels of cognitions (knowledge and comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation).
COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF TOMATO PRODUCTION AMONG SMALL-SCALE FARMERS IN KANO RIVER IRRIGATION PROJECT AREA OF KANO STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Suleiman, N. J.  , Mani, J. R.  , Hudu, M. I.  , Baba, D.  , Yusuf, M.
Published: April 2023

This study was aimed on analysis of tomato production in Kano State of Nigeria, with specific objectives of finding the profitability of tomato production among small, medium and large scale farmers in the study area. A total of 60 tomato growers were sampled study area through application of stratified and random techniques in an appropriate statistical procedure. Well-structured questionnaires were used for the data collection. Farm budgeting and cost concept techniques as used in India were used to analyze the primary data.  The study reveals an average Net Income generated for tomato production in the study area as N779,168/ha. A sample average Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) for the different farm groups in the study areas was revealed as; 1:3.6. The study indicated that, tomato production and marketing is highly profitable in the study area. It can be concluded that tomato production is profitable at all small, medium and large scale of production in the study area. It was therefore, recommends that the farmers should continuously create efficiency of resource use, which is, avoiding wastages so as to sustainably make more margins in the study area.
NATURE OF CATTLE RUSTLING IN PASTORAL COMMUNITIES IN KWAME LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF GOMBE STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Atman, F. M.  , Abubakar, U.
Published: April 2023

The study examined the nature of cattle rustling among pastoral communities of Kwami local government area, Gombe State, Nigeria. Data were collected through the administration of questionnaires to fifty respondents randomly drawn from the study area. The result was analyzed using descriptive statistics such as percentage, mean and range. The result reveals that all (100%) of the respondents were male and 82% had the basic Qur’anic education. The result shows that a cattle rustling in the study area was caused by factors such as increase value of cattle from rustlers (30.15%), poverty (22.22%), unemployment (22.22%), illiteracy (3.17%), and accumulation of wealth (8.73%) and availability of guns to people (8.73%).  About 80% of the respondents agree that cattle rustling in the study area do take place during the night hours and mainly through sneaking (50%). Also, the result indicates that 88% of the respondents received no help/intervention from government. Hooves /foot tracing (41.30%) and sending messages across neighbouring villages (33.69%) were the major actions taking by herders to find rustled cattle. Majority (60%) of the respondents have found their rustled cattle at cattle markets and neighbouring communities (20.0%). The major (96%) constraint faced by the cattle herders was that of lack of trust on security personnel. The study concludes that cattle rustling do occur in the study area. The study therefore, recommends that cattle herders should form vigilante groups across communities to help fish out rustling activities. Government too needs to recognize that cattle rustling is a national problem, hence the need to put strategies in place that could help reduce cattle rustling in the study area and Nigeria at large.
PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS OF RICE PRODUCTION IN WESTERN ZONE OF BAUCHI STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Garba, M.  , Sa’idu, A.
Published: April 2023

This study examined the profitability of rice production in Western Zone of Bauchi State, Nigeria. Multi stage random sampling technique was employed in selecting 80 respondents. Data were collected and analyzed using structured questionnaires, simple descriptive statistics and farm budgeting model. The findings showed that slightly above half (52.50%) of the respondents used mechanical power in rice production. The result further reveals that substantial proportion (40% and 36.25%) of the respondents used manual and animal traction in rice cultivation. The findings also indicates that most (90% and76.25%) of the respondents sourced their capital from personal savings and used hired labour in rice production. Majority (63.75%) of the respondents in the study area used broadcasting and 40% used drilling methods of rice planting. On the other hand, more than half (53.75%) of the respondents obtained 10-19 bags of rice per hectare with average yield of rice paddy of 23 bags. The costs and returns analysis reveal that total cost of production per hectare was N55, 885.25 while gross farm income per hectare was found to be N115, 450.00. In addition, return on every naira invested and gross ratio was N1.29 and 0.48, respectively. The study concluded that rice production in the study was profitable and recommends that farmers should form cooperative group. This will facilitate for effective access credit and pool their resources together to enjoy economics of scale.
EFFECT OF NPK FERTILIZER AND COW DUNG ON SOME GROWTH CHARACTERS OF EXTRA-EARLY MAIZE (Zea mays L.) IN BAGAUDA KANO STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Sarkin, F. M.  , Fagam, A. S.  , Sabo M. U.
Published: April 2023

Field experiments were conducted at Bagauda Agricultural Research Station, Ministry of Agriculture Kano State, Nigeria during the 2015, 2016 and 2017 wet seasons to determine the response of growth and yield parameters of Extra Early maize variety grown at different levels of NPK fertilizer and cow dung. The experiment consisted of 16 treatments with four rates of NPK fertilizers (0, 60, 90 and 120 kg/ha rates of NPK 15: 15: 15) and four rates cow dung (0, 6, 7 and 8t/ha rates of Cow dung). The treatments were factorially combined and laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and replicated four times. The growth parameters assessed include plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf area and leaf area index. The results revealed that most of the parameters assessed were significantly affected by fertilizer and cow dung application levels. These parameters differed significantly with NPK fertilizer and cow dung with the highest increment (120 kg/ha of NPK 15: 15: 15) and (8t/ha COD) producing higher values. Interaction between NPK fertilizer and cow dung was significant in most of the parameters studied. Correlation matrix among various parameters as influenced by NPK fertilizer and cow dung revealed significant and positive associations at 0.01 and 0.05 level of probability. From the results of this investigation, it could be suggested that application of NPK fertilizer at the rate of 120 kg/ha of NPK (15: 15: 15) with COD rate of 8t/ha could be used in Extra early maize production to achieve maximum productivity in Bagauda Kano and related ecologies of the world.
EFFECT OF CREDIT ACCESS ON LAND PRODUCTIVITY OF RICE FARMERS IN NIGER STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Ibrahim, F. D.  , Oseghale, A. I.  , Ogaji, A.
Published: April 2023

The study examined the effect of credit access on land productivity of rice farmers in Niger State, Nigeria.  Cross sectional survey was used to collect data from 175 rice farmers selected through a systematic sampling procedure. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, and linear regression. The results showed that the mean output/ha, farm size and age were 3275 kg/ha, 1.75ha and 45 years, respectively. The amount of credit obtained was about N16,718. The regression analysis revealed that 60% of the variation in the yield was as a result of the variables included in the model. Also, Seed (p<0.01), fertilizer (p<0.05) and pesticides (p<0.10) had significant and positive effect on land productivity while credit, extension contact and education had negative effect on land productivity. The study concluded that seeds, fertilizers and pesticides were the main factors that could increase land productivity in the study area and thus recommends timely supply of these inputs.