bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AN SNP MARKER POTENTIALLY LINKED TO SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS OF OIL PALM (Elaeis guineensis)
Authors: Wahyunanto Irang , Waturangi Diana E , Toruan-Mathius Nurita , Yulandi Adi
Published: October 2017

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) is one of the most important oil-bearing crop in the world. This crop can be vegetatively propagated only using tissue culture technique. Oil palm tissue culture technique has low efficiency, with callogenesis and embryogenesis stages as the limiting factors. Genetic factor has a major role in determining the success rate of these two stages. The use of molecular markers which represent the rate of embryogenesis or callogenesis has the potential to improve the efficiency of oil palm tissue culture process. In this study, SNP mining was conducted on embryogenesis transcriptome data, oil palm cDNA database, oil palm genome database, and oil palm SNPs marker database in NCBI. Â The objective of this study was Â to obtain SNP marker which represents the embryogenesis potential, to be further used in marker assisted selection of oil palm ortets. One SNP (EMB6) showed significant association with embryogenesis rate. This SNP was found in one of Auxin Response Factor (ARF) family gene. Nucleotide replacement from Adenine to Guanine changed the 307th amino acid from Isoleucine to Methionine. Oil palms with Adenine homozygote (A/A) pattern on the EMB6 showed 8-fold higher chance to produce significantly higher embryogenesis rate than Adenine-Guanine heterozygote (A/G).
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF RED PIGMENT ISOLATED FROM COASTAL ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI AGAINST MULTI-DRUG RESISTANT BACTERIA
Authors: Sibero Mada Triandala , Sahara Rita , Syafiqoh Nur , Tarman Kustiariyah
Published: October 2017

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria infections become a serious problem for these several decades. To solve this issue, finding of new antibiotics candidate in an urgency. Natural pigment is known to has biological activity against pathogenic bacteria. Coastal fungi are unexplored source of natural pigment to fight MDR bacteria. This research was aimed to isolate coastal endophytic fungi from smooth ant plant (Hydophytum formicarum), to screen endophytic fungi which produce red pigment, to extract the red pigment, to determine antibacterial activity of the red pigment and to identify the coastal endophytic fungi producing the red pigment. In this study, 7 fungi were isolated as endophytic fungi from H. formicarum. There were 3 isolates which produced extracellular pigment i.e. RS 1A which produced red pigment, RS 3 produced black pigment and RS 6A produced yellow pigment.Â  Our study focused on red pigment which is produced by endophytic fungus strain RS 1A. The yield of red pigment was 8.8657% (w/w).Â  This study showed that red pigment had antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii and Proteus mirabilis strain MDR. Judging from molecular and morphological identification, the endophytic fungus strain RS 1A was identified as Aspergillus versicolor.
СТВОРЕННЯ ТА РОЗРОБКА ОНЛАЙН КУРСУ НА ПЛАТФОРМІ OPEN EDX
Authors: Kurinnyi A. V. , Volvach V. V. , Darii V. I.
Published: October 2017

Мета роботи – створити і розробити онлайн-курс на платформі Open edX.Основная частина. Існують дві найпоширеніші системи управління онлайн курсом. Це платформи Moodle і Open edX – вільні онлайн системи управління навчанням, які дозволяють викладачам створювати динамічні курси. При цьому платформа edX новіша, з відкритим вихідним кодом, що створю учням і педагогам нові можливості творити й ділитися, викладати й вивчати через дослідження; адаптуватися до індивідуальних навчальних потреб, щоб вони могли створювати, проектувати, винаходити й будувати за допомогою технологій. Виділимо загальні принципи навчання за допомогою Open edX: вільний графік навчання, змішана модель навчання, нетворкінг і корисні знайомства.Після затверждення робочої програми колегія авторів приступає до розробки проекту сценарію онлайн курсу. Наступний етап – створення сценарію онлайн курсу. Це завершений проект, який розпочинає новий етап – технічне заповнення матеріалом он-лайн курсу на платформу Open edX Studio.Для максимального обміну інформацією між тьютером і слухачами, необхідно використовувати можливості Microsoft Office 365, який надає слухачеві повний набір інструментів для роботи з документами та спілкування в мережі, один з яких Скайп для бізнесу. Таким чином, розроблений онлайн курс готовий до початку реєстрації слухачів на курс, а студенти мають повний набір інструментів для належного навчання і засвоєння матеріалів курсу.Висновок. Дистанційне навчання може бути таким же ефективним, як і традиційне. Масові відкриті онлайн-курси в інтернеті активно витісняють інші форми дистанційного навчання. Платформа edX новіша і має відкритий код, що дає їй велику перевагу над Moodle. Процес створення онлайн-курсу треба ділити на такі тапи, як: розробка робочої програми (тематичний план), проекту сценарію онлайн-курсу (розширений план курсу), сценарію онлайн-курсу (наповнення матеріалом проекту сценарію) і технічний перенос сценарію в Open edX Studio.
БЕЗПЕРЕРВНИЙ ПРОФЕСІЙНИЙ РОЗВИТОК ЛІКАРЯ ЯК КЛЮЧОВИЙ НАПРЯМ ПІСЛЯДИПЛОМНОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Symchych Kh. S. , Fedorov S. V.
Published: October 2017

Мета роботи – проаналізувати основні акценти і перспективи безперервного професійного розвитку лікаря на етапі післядипломної освіти.Основна частина. Визначено законодавчу базу безперервного професійного розвитку як стратегічного перспективного напрямку розвитку післядипломного навчання, що постійно оновлюється. Акцентовано підходи до безперервного професійного розвитку Всесвітньої федерації медичної освіти та Європейського союзу медичних фахівців. Подано існуючу систему навчання лікарів на кафедрі терапії і сімейної медицини післядипломної освіти ДВНЗ “Івано-Франківський національний медичний університет”. Визначено ключові напрямки розвитку, співпраці, етапи організаційного навчання та проблеми безперервного професійного розвитку лікарів Прикарпаття, шляхи подолання проблем та імплементації світових стандартів.Висновки. Безперервний професійний розвиток повинен бути “наріжним каменем” післядипломної освіти, як засіб акумуляції професійних знань і вмінь для гармонійного розвитку конкурентоспроможного, цілеспрямованого і здатного до постійного самовдосконалення лікаря. Це має бути також і пріоритетом діяльності закладів охорони здоров’я та мотивацією до самовдосконалення фахівця. Кафедра здійснює традиційні форми організації післядипломної освіти лікарів, бере активну участь в інноваційних підходах навчально-освітньої діяльності лікарів терапевтичного профілю. Застосування нових організаційних форм навчання сприяє мотивації до активного безперервного професійного розвитку. Взаємодія освітніх медичних закладів у рамках безперервного професійного розвитку лікаря є міцним фундаментом діяльності системи охорони здоров’я в цілому.
МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ КЛІНІЧНИХ СИТУАЦІЙ – СТАНДАРТ ПРОГРАМИ СИМУЛЯЦІЙНОГО НАВЧАННЯ ЛІКАРІВ НА КАФЕДРІ НЕОНАТОЛОГІІ
Authors: Klymenko T. M. , Sandulyak T. V. , Serdtseva O. A. , Karapetyan O. Y. , Zakrevskyi A. M.
Published: October 2017

Мета роботи – підвищити ефективність навчання лікарів за програмою первинної реанімації новонароджених шляхом моделювання клінічних ситуацій при набутті компетентності спеціалістів закладу родопомочі працювати в командах, акцентувати увагу на важливості симуляційного навчання дорослих для оволодіння алгоритмами надання дихальної підтримки та реанімаційної допомоги новонародженим в пологовій залі.Основна частина. У статті розглядаються сучасні принципи та методика симуляційного навчання лікарів шляхом моделювання клінічних ситуацій та відповідне матеріальне і методичне забезпечення виконання практичних навиків первинної реанімації новонароджених згідно з вимогами LICOR 2015 р.Проведені анкетування та оцінка результатів пре-тесту 200 слухачів та аналіз літературних джерел і власного досвіду роботи за методикою симуляційного навчання з використанням контрольних листів виконання практичних навичок і відеоспостереження.Методика симуляційного навчання значно розширила можливості навчального процесу та показала її ефективність у перинатальних центрах, але в пологових будинках регіону спеціалісти ще не охоплені необхідним рівнем навчання і показують гірші результати роботи по забезпеченню дихальної підтримки та реанімації новонароджених.На кафедрі неонатології ХМАПО проведена оцінка причин недостатньої ефективності навчання та роботи спеціалістів закладів родопомочі та змінена методика навчання. Використано педагогічне проектування кожної теми з моделювання клінічних ситуацій при симуляційному навчанні та набутті лікарями компетентності надання дихальної підтримки та реанімаційної допомоги, особливо недоношеним дітям, за алгоритмами LICOR 2015 року. Висновки. Досвід застосування моделювання клінічних ситуацій при симуляційному навчанні спеціалістів безпосередньо в закладах родопомочі  дозволив підвищити ефективність навчального процесу і покращити показники роботи пологових будинків. Слухачі мають змогу отримати не лише теоретичну підготовку, а й в обов’язковому  порядку оволодіти необхідними практичними навичками і вмінням роботи, що  сприяє поліпшенню розуміння та засвоєння матеріалу, набуття професійної компетентності виконати вимоги LICOR 2015 року та протоколу МОЗ України Початкова, реанімаційна і післяреанімаційна допомога новонародженим в Україні 2014 року.
ПРО НЕОБХІДНІСТЬ ЗАПРОВАДЖЕННЯ МАГІСТРАТУРИ З ГРОМАДСЬКОГО ЗДОРОВ’Я ЗА ОСВІТНЬО-НАУКОВИМИ ПРОГРАМАМИ
Authors: Slabkiy G. O. , Myroniuk I. S. , Shafranskiy V. V.
Published: October 2017

Мета роботи – обгрунтувати необхідність та представити підходи до запровадження магістратури з громадського здоров’я.При виконанні роботи використано методи структурно-логічного аналізу та бібліосемантичний. Методичною основою дослідження став системний аналіз та системний підхід. Матеріалами дослідження стали документи ВООЗ з забезпечення системи громадського здоров’я кадрами і їх підготовки та досвід провідних країн світу з зазначеного питання.Основна частина. Освітньо-наукова програма магістратури за фахом “Громадське здоров’я” складається із 5 обов’язкових модулів та чотирьох модулів один із яких вибирається магістром на вибір. Програма включає виробничо-навчальну практику та науково-дослідну роботу. Обсяг програми становить 3600 год (120 кредитів ЄКТС). Лекційний курс складає 462 навчальні години. На проведення семінарів виділено 512 навчальних годин, практичних занять – 1318 навчальних годин, самостійну роботу – 1308 (36,3 %) навчальних годин.Висновок. Оґрунтована необхідність впровадження магістратури з громадського здоров’я за освітньо-науковими програмами.
ІННОВАЦІЙНІ МЕТОДИ В ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ САМОСТІЙНОЇ РОБОТИ СТУДЕНТІВ МЕДИЧНОГО ФАКУЛЬТЕТУ ПІД ЧАС ВИВЧЕННЯ КУРСУ ІМУНОЛОГІЇ
Authors: Drohomeretska O. I. , Kuryliv H. M. , Myhovych V. V.
Published: October 2017

Мета роботи – вдосконалення організації самостійної роботи студентів медичного факультету з використанням інтерактивних методів педагогіки.Основна частина. У даній статті розглядається методика інноваційного способу організації самостійної роботи студентів медичного факультету під час вивчення курсу імунології. Детально описано методику застосування кейс-методу, прес-методу, їх можливості та переваги. У статті показано особливості побудови ситуаційних завдань, класифікацію і види демонстрації кейсів, висвітлена проблема інтерактивності та доцільності використання даних методів під час навчання студентів-медиків.Висновок. Інтерактивні методи організації самостійної роботи є альтернативними до традиційних семінарських занять ефективними формами навчання, що покращують успішність засвоєння нового матеріалу студентами.
QUALITY IMPROVEMENT THROUGH QUALITY AUDIT IN AUSTRIAN HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: Klishch H. I. , Fedchyshyn N. O. , Yelahina N. I.
Published: October 2017

Мета дослідження – проаналізувати процедуру, цілі та ефективність забезпечення якості вищої освіти у Австрії.Основна частина. На початку ХХІ століття у розвинутих країнах світу актуалізується проблема забезпечення якості вищої освіти. Забезпечення високоякісної освіти на всіх її етапах і рівнях, оцінювання її результативності та управління якістю – одне з основних завдань сьогодення. Аудит якості – це систематичний і незалежний аналіз, що дозволяє визначити відповідність діяльності і результатів в області якості запланованих заходів; процедура з оцінки і сертифікації внутрішньої системи управління якістю вищого навчального закладу.Висновки. У статті проаналізовано підходи до аудиту в Австрії. Представлено різні підходи до впровадження аудиту у освітню систему Австрії і висвітлено проблему забезпечення якості як з погляду відповідних органів, так і з погляду закладів вищої освіти. У статті розглянуто питання термінології, цілей аудиту, національного законодавства та процедури аудиту.
Predictive Coding for Dynamic Visual Processing: Development of Functional Hierarchy in a Multiple Spatiotemporal Scales RNN Model
Authors: Choi Minkyu , Tani Jun
Published: October 2017

This letter proposes a novel predictive coding type neural network model, the predictive multiple spatiotemporal scales recurrent neural network (P-MSTRNN). The P-MSTRNN learns to predict visually perceived human whole-body cyclic movement patterns by exploiting multiscale spatiotemporal constraints imposed on network dynamics by using differently sized receptive fields as well as different time constant values for each layer. After learning, the network can imitate target movement patterns by inferring or recognizing corresponding intentions by means of the regression of prediction error. Results show that the network can develop a functional hierarchy by developing a different type of dynamic structure at each layer. The letter examines how model performance during pattern generation, as well as predictive imitation, varies depending on the stage of learning. The number of limit cycle attractors corresponding to target movement patterns increases as learning proceeds. Transient dynamics developing early in the learning process successfully perform pattern generation and predictive imitation tasks. The letter concludes that exploitation of transient dynamics facilitates successful task performance during early learning periods.
Fusiconidium indicum (Melanommataceae) a novel species of asexual Ascomycetes
Authors: PRATIBHA J. , ASHISH PRABHUGAONKAR , MAO A.A.
Published: October 2017

A new asexual fungus, Fusiconidium indicum, found growing on dried leaves of Mesua ferrea collected from a botanical garden in Meghalaya, India, is described and illustrated. The fungus is characterized by polyblastic, sympodial conidiogenous cells that are integrated and terminal as well as intercalary with solitary, dry, acropleurogenous, simple, ellipsoidal conidia which are formed as blown-out ends, initially with a very narrow isthmus between the conidiophore apex and young conidium. Based on combined ITS and LSU sequences data analyses, our isolate shows close affinities to the genus Fusiconidium placed in the family Melanommataceae of Pleosporales.
Holopogon pekinensis (Orchidaceae), a new heteromycotrophic species from Northern China
Authors: MU XIAN-YUN , LIU BING , ZHU YI-XUAN , TONG LING , LIN QIN-WEN , ZHANG ZHI-XIANG
Published: October 2017

Holopogon pekinensis, a new heteromycotrophic orchid from Beijing City, China, is described and illustrated. This new species is morphologically similar to an endangered species endemic to Far East Russia, Holopogon ussuriensis Komarov & Nevski, but differs in having green flowers (vs white) and light green pubescence (vs red). Its conservation status and an identification key to Holopogon are provided.
Description of the female of Labena madoricola González-Moreno & Bordera, 2015 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Labeninae), with new records of Labena species from Mexico
Authors: GONZÁLEZ-MORENO ALEJANDRA , BORDERA SANTIAGO
Published: October 2017

The female of Labena madoricola González-Moreno & Bordera, 2015 is described and illustrated for the first time from material collected with Malaise traps in 2016 in the Biocultural Reserve Kaxil Kiuic, Yucatán, Mexico. Diagnostic characters to distinguish females of New World Labena are provided. New distribution records of Labena species in Yucatán Peninsula, are also reported.
A new species of Choroterpes Eaton, 1881 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from India
Authors: SELVAKUMAR C. , SUBRAMANIAN K. A. , CHANDRA KAILASH , JEHAMALAR E. EYARIN
Published: October 2017

A new species of Choroterpes Eaton, 1881 is described based on the larvae from India. Choroterpes (Choroterpes) kaegies sp. n. can be distinguished from other known species of the subgenus by the following combination of characters: (i) anteromedian emargination of labrum broad; (ii) each femur with a dark brown spot at middle and near apex; (iii) gill 1 single and slender and (iv) upper and lower lamellae of gills 2–7 with 3 apical processes, median process relatively slender and longer than laterals. A key to the known species of Choroterpes Eaton, 1881 in India is also provided.
A new species of Pimelodella (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae) from the Guiana Shield, Brazil
Authors: SLOBODIAN VERONICA , AKAMA ALBERTO , DUTRA GUILHERME MOREIRA
Published: October 2017

A new species of Pimelodella is described from the Rio Ipitinga, Rio Jari basin, a left bank tributary of the Rio Amazonas in Brazil. The new species is diagnosed from all congeners by having a dark oval mark on the humeral region. It also differs from all congeners by a unique set of characters, including the presence of 47 to 49 total vertebrae, unpigmented areas dorsally and ventrally adjacent to the dark midlateral stripe, and maxillary barbels reaching at least to vertical through caudal fin insertion. Faunal similarities between the southern part of the eastern Guiana Shield and coastal drainages in the Guianas and Suriname are discussed.
A new annual fish of the genus Austrolebias (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from Rio Camaquã basin, Laguna dos Patos system, Brazilian Pampa
Authors: VOLCAN MATHEUS VIEIRA , GONÇALVES ÂNDRIO CARDOZO , LANÉS LUIS ESTEBAN KRAUSE
Published: October 2017

A new species of Austrolebias is described from the middle course of the Rio Camaquã, Laguna dos Patos system, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The new species belongs to the Austrolebias alexandri species group, which is distinguished from the remaining congeners by the presence of a dark gray pectoral fin with bright blue iridescence in males. The new species is distinguished from all remaining species of the A. alexandri species group by the following combination of characters: presence of well-defined bright blue bars on the flank in males, shorter caudal fin length in males and females, contact organs in the first three rays of the pectoral fin in males, one to two post-optic neuromasts (rarely three), basihyal width of 50% of the length, and basihyal cartilage about 50–60% of the basihyal length. The recognition of this new species belonging to the A. alexandri group endemic of the middle course of Rio Camaquã and the recent discovery of Austrolebias bagual in the same general region reinforces the claim of the middle Rio Camaquã basin as an area of endemism for annual fishes and as such, a priority area for conservation in southern Brazil.
A new species in the genus Styracaster (Echinodermata: Asteroidea: Porcellanasteridae) from hadal depth of the Yap Trench in the western Pacific
Authors: ZHANG RUIYAN , ZHOU YADONG , LU BO , WANG CHUNSHENG
Published: October 2017

Styracaster yapensis sp. nov. is reported from the Yap Trench in the western Pacific from hadal depths between 6377–6575 m, which is among the deepest known occurrence of a species in this genus. It is distinguished from other Styracaster species by its abactinal surface armature and rudimentary cribriform organs. This paper provides a description of the new species along with detailed photos. The intraspecific differences between the holotype and paratype of the new species are examined with molecular and morphological approaches.
A Good Reason to Celebrate? The Anniversary of the Reformation in 2017
Authors: Hofheinz Marco
Published: October 2017

The 500th anniversary of the Reformation offers the occasion for reconsideration of the meaning of the Reformation not only for its time but for today. Following the classic theological affirmations of the Protestant Reformation ( solus Christus, sola scriptura, sola gratia, and sola fide), this reflection proposes an understanding of the Reformation as the permanent movement of the Word of God. Seen through such a lens, “reformation” can be affirmed from an ecumenical perspective. It also can be a critical message of hope for the present church in a period of instability and decline in the West.
Who Delivered Israel from Egypt?
Authors: Charry Ellen T.
Published: October 2017

The affirmation by both Jews and Christians that God delivered Israel from Egypt can and should serve as a resource for inter-faith dialogue between these two religious traditions.
Dietrich Bonhoeffer’s Reformation Day Sermons and Performative Remembering
Authors: Vosloo Robert
Published: October 2017

In this article, I examine Bonhoeffer’s relationship to the legacy of the Reformation in the light of some of his remarks, sermons, and meditations related to the celebration of Reformation Day. These engagements, or so this article argues, point to the fact that for Bonhoeffer commemorating the Reformation did not entail mere restatement of seemingly timeless truths, but rather renewed and unscripted engagement with the legacy of the Reformation. This implies a historical hermeneutic which emphasizes that faithfulness to a tradition does not involve mere repetition, but performative and participatory remembering that requires ongoing interpretation, continual improvisation, and creative reenactment and embodiment. With these remarks in mind, this article attends to some of Bonhoeffer’s Reformation Day sermons and meditations against the backdrop of the uses and abuses associated with acts of commemoration and, more pointedly, also in light of the 2017 Reformation 500 celebrations amidst complex forces of imperialism and neo-tribalism.
Liminal Entrepreneuring: The Creative Practices of Nascent Necessity Entrepreneurs
Authors: Garcia-Lorenzo Lucia , Donnelly Paul , Sell-Trujillo Lucia , Imas J. Miguel
Published: October 2017

This paper contributes to creative entrepreneurship studies through exploring ‘liminal entrepreneuring’, i.e., the organization-creation entrepreneurial practices and narratives of individuals living in precarious conditions. Drawing on a processual approach to entrepreneurship and Turner’s liminality concept, we study the transition from un(der)employment to entrepreneurship of 50 nascent necessity entrepreneurs (NNEs) in Spain, the United Kingdom, and Ireland. The paper asks how these agents develop creative entrepreneuring practices in their efforts to overcome their condition of ‘necessity’. The analysis shows how, in their everyday liminal entrepreneuring, NNEs disassemble their identities and social positions, experiment with new relationships and alternative visions of themselves, and (re)connect with entrepreneuring ideas and practices in a new way, using imagination and organization-creation practices to reconstruct both self and context in the process. The results question and expand the notion of entrepreneuring in times of socio-economic stress.
Hamstring Graft Incorporation According to the Length of the Graft Inside Tunnels
Authors: Cavaignac Etienne , Marot Vincent , Faruch Marie , Reina Nicolas , Murgier Jérôme , Accadbled Franck , Berard Emilie , Chiron Philippe
Published: October 2017

Background:

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with a quadrupled semitendinosus (ST4) graft is an evolution of the standard technique with 2 hamstring tendons (semitendinosus + gracilis [STG]). However, there is no published comparison of how well these 2 types of hamstring grafts are incorporated into the bone tunnels. Because the ST4 graft is shorter, there is less graft material inside the tunnels.

Purpose:

To use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to compare graft incorporation in the tibial bone tunnels 1 year after ACL reconstruction with either an STG graft or ST4 graft.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.

Methods:

Sixty-two patients who underwent ACL reconstruction were enrolled prospectively: 31 with an ST4 graft and 31 with an STG graft. The same surgical technique, fixation method, and postoperative protocol were used in both groups. Graft incorporation and ligamentization were evaluated with MRI after 1 year of follow-up. The following parameters were evaluated: signal-to-noise quotient (SNQ), tibial tunnel enlargement, signal intensity at the bone-graft interface, and graft signal according to the Howell scale. The number of participants needed to show that the mean SNQ did not differ between the 2 techniques was 31 in each group (with a 1-sided alpha of 2.5% and a 1-sided beta of 10.0%). The Student t test was used to compare the distribution of continuous secondary endpoints.

Results:

The mean SNQ was 5.2 ± 4.5 for the STG group and 5.9 ± 3.7 for the ST4 group ( P = .5100). The mean tibial tunnel widening was 93.7% ± 51.7% for the STG group versus 80.0% ± 42.9% for the ST4 group ( P = .2605). The groups did not differ in signal intensity at the bone-graft interface ( P = .7502) or in graft signal according to the Howell scale ( P = .4544).

Conclusion:

At the 1-year postoperative follow-up, incorporation and ligamentization of the STG and ST4 grafts were the same based on MRI analysis. The results were at least as good with the ST4 technique as with the standard STG technique in terms of incorporation and ligamentization.
Hyper-branched acrylic resin with high solid contents
Authors: Ding Keyi , Liu Jun , Chen Hualin , Wang Hongdan
Published: October 2017

A novel high solids acrylic resin (HSARs) with high solid content (78%) was synthesized from co-polymerization of the methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, acrylate acid, hydroxyl propyl acrylate, and hyper-branched macromonomer (HBM) in this study. The HBM was prepared by an “A2 + B3 + CA2” reaction system that covers four steps. The progress of each step of the reaction was monitored by real-time analysis for acid value and hydroxyl value of the reactants. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was employed to characterize the structure of HBM. The viscosity, mechanical properties, solvent resistance, and volatile organic compounds (VOC) of the HSARs were also assessed. Compared with conventional commercial polyacrylate resin with a 42% solid content, solid content of HSARs was increased by 78% and VOC was decreased by 40% due to the addition of HBM. Moreover, the HSARs resin possesses good solvent resistance and lower viscosity, which provides the possibility of decreasing the organic solvent when using them to make operational coatings.
Progress and recent trends in 48 V hybridisation and e-boosting technology on passenger vehicles – a review
Authors: Hu Bo , Chen Chunlin , Zhan Zhangsong , Su Xueying , Hu Tiegang , Zheng Guangyong , Yang Zhiyong
Published: October 2017

Electrification of the powertrain system will play an important role in reducing fuel consumption and engine-out emissions in the next few decades. Compared to the pure electric and full hybrid concept, 48 V mild hybridisation and the accompanying 48 V e-boosting concept, due to their superior cost–benefit performance, may become mainstream for the next generation of fuel reduction measures. The mild hybrid system can realise advanced stop–start, active and passive engine-off coasting, braking recuperation, boost assistance, e-creeping and torque vectoring functions, and is thus deemed to give approximately 10–15% fuel consumption benefits in the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC); and the e-boosting concept, due to its capability for further downsizing and down-speeding, allows the engine operating points to be shifted into a more efficient area. A strong synergy between 48 V mild hybridisation and the 48 V e-boosting concept has been found after reviewing both technologies, and the trends for developing such a combined electrical system are also discussed. Together with more engine and vehicle component electrification, fuel efficiency could be further improved, although the interactions between these technologies are highly complex and need to be optimised at a system level.
Super twisting controller-based unified FDI and FTC scheme for air path of diesel engine using the certainty equivalence principle
Authors: Murtaza Ghulam , Bhatti Aamir I , Butt Yasir A
Published: October 2017

This paper proposes a combination of higher order sliding mode and adaptive control for unified fault detection and isolation and fault tolerant control (FTC) of the air path of a diesel engine. Current diesel engines are equipped with features such as variable geometry turbochargers (VGT) and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) for exhaust emission control. Since EGR and VGT systems are present in the exhaust channel, they are strongly coupled and are prone to both structured as well as unstructured faults. The proposed controller detects and estimates the structured faults by means of adaptation laws, designed by making use of the certainty equivalence principle. Fault effects are compensated by repositioning the actuators. This allows relaxation of the boundedness condition of the super twisting algorithm, as sliding mode controller gains are required to dominate the unstructured parts only, which consequently reduces chattering. A nonlinear multi-input multi-output reduced state control-oriented model has been employed for working out the FTC strategy for EGR and VGT actuators. The stability of the overall system has been analysed using the Lyapunov stability criterion. Faults and proposed controllers are simulated using a fully validated industrial scale diesel engine model to establish the effectiveness of the algorithm.
The prediction of measurement variability in an automotive application by the use of a coherence formulation
Authors: Dowsett Amy , O’Boy Dan , Walsh Stephen , Abolfathi Ali , Fisher Steve
Published: October 2017

Variability between nominally identical vehicles is an ever-present problem in automotive vehicle design. In this paper, it is shown that it is possible to quantify and, therefore, separate the measurement variability arising from a number of tests on an individual vehicle from the vehicle-to-vehicle variability arising from the manufacturing process with a series of controlled experiments. In this paper, coherence data is used to identify the measurement variability and, thus, to separate these two variability sources. In order to illustrate the methodology, a range of nominally identical automotive vehicles have been tested for NVH (noise, vibration and harshness) variability by exciting the engine mount with an impact hammer and measuring the excitation force and corresponding velocity responses at different points on the vehicle. Normalised standard deviations were calculated for the transfer mobility data, giving variability values of 25.3%, 33.5% and 37.3% for the responses taken at the suspension strut, upper A-pillar and B-pillar, respectively. The measurement variability was determined by taking repeat measurements on a single vehicle, and was found to be 2.9%. The measurement variability predicted by the coherence data on the multi-vehicle tests was compared with the directly taken repeat measurements taken on a single vehicle and these were shown to agree well with one another over the frequency range of interest.
Incident adverse drug reactions in geriatric inpatients: a multicentred observational study
Authors: Lavan Amanda , Eustace Joseph , Dahly Darren , Flanagan Evelyn , Gallagher Paul , Cullinane Shane , Petrovic Mirko , Perehudoff Katrina , Gudmondsson Adalsteinn , Samuelsson Ólafur , Sverrisdóttir Ástrós , Cherubin Antonio , Dimitri Frederica , Rimland Joe , Cruz-Jentoft Alfonso , Vélez-Díaz-Pallarés Manuel , Lozano Montoya Isabel , Soiza Roy L. , Subbarayan Selvarani , O’Mahony Denis
Published: October 2017

Background:

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are common in older adults and frequently have serious clinical and economic consequences. This study was conducted as a feasibility study for a randomized control trial (RCT) that will investigate the efficacy of a software engine to optimize medications and reduce incident (in-hospital) ADRs. This study’s objectives were to (i) establish current incident ADR rates across the six sites participating in the forthcoming RCT and (ii) assess whether incident ADRs are predictable.

Methods:

This was a multicentre, prospective observational study involving six European hospitals. Adults aged ⩾ 65 years, hospitalized with an acute illness and on pharmacological treatment for three or more conditions were eligible for inclusion. Adverse events (AEs) were captured using a trigger list of 12 common ADRs. An AE was deemed an ADR when its association with an administered drug was adjudicated as being probable/certain, according to the World Health Organization Uppsala Monitoring Centre causality assessment. The proportion of patients experiencing at least one, probable/certain, incident ADR within 14 days of enrolment/discharge was recorded.

Results:

A total of 644 patients were recruited, evenly split by sex and overwhelmingly of White ethnicity. Over 80% of admissions were medical. The median number of chronic conditions was five (interquartile range 4–6), with eight or more conditions present in approximately 10%. The mean number of prescribed medications was 9.9 (standard deviation 3.8), which correlated strongly with the number of conditions ( r = 0.54, p < 0.0001). A total of 732 AEs were recorded in 382 patients, of which 363 were incident. The majority of events were classified as probably or possibly drug related, with heterogeneity across sites (χ2 = 88.567, df = 20, p value < 0.001). Out of 644 patients, 139 (21.6%; 95% confidence interval 18.5–25.0%) experienced an ADR. Serum electrolyte abnormalities were the most common ADR. The ADRROP (ADR Risk in Older People) and GerontoNet ADR risk scales correctly predicted ADR occurrence in 61% and 60% of patients, respectively.

Conclusion:

This feasibility study established the rates of incident ADRs across the six study sites. The ADR predictive power of ADRROP and GerontoNet ADR risk scales were limited in this population.
The Role of Lateral Extra-articular Tenodesis in Primary Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis and Best-Evidence Synthesis
Authors: Devitt Brian M. , Bell Stuart W. , Ardern Clare L. , Hartwig Taylor , Porter Tabitha J. , Feller Julian A. , Webster Kate E.
Published: October 2017

Background:

The role of lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LEAT) to augment primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) remains controversial.

Purpose:

To determine whether the addition of LEAT to primary ACLR provides greater control of rotational laxity and improves clinical outcomes compared with ACLR alone and to assess the impact of early versus delayed ACLR.

Study Design:

Systematic review; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

Two reviewers independently searched 7 databases for randomized and nonrandomized clinical studies comparing ACLR plus LEAT versus ACLR alone. Animal, cadaveric, and biomechanical studies; revision or repair procedures; and studies using synthetic ligaments and multiligamentous-injured knees were excluded. Risk of bias was assessed with a modified Downs and Black checklist. The primary outcome was postoperative pivot shift. These data were pooled by use of a fixed-effects meta-analysis model. The studies were divided into delayed (>12 months) and early (≤12 months) reconstruction groups for meta-analysis. A best-evidence synthesis was performed on the remaining outcome measures.

Results:

Of 387 titles identified, 11 articles were included (5 of high quality). Meta-analysis of postoperative pivot shift in 3 studies of delayed primary ACLR showed a statistically significant difference for the pivot-shift test in favor of ACLR with LEAT (odds ratio [OR], 0.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.24-0.81; P = .008; I2 = 0). Meta-analysis of 5 studies of early primary ACLR found no statistically significant difference with the addition of LEAT (OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.33-1.09; P = .10; I2 = 33%). Insufficient evidence was available to determine whether the addition of LEAT had any effect on clinical, objective, subjective, and functional outcomes.

Conclusion:

In primary ACLR, no evidence is available showing additional benefit of LEAT in reducing the postoperative pivot shift in early reconstructions (≤12 months); however, LEAT may have a role in delayed ACLR. Strong evidence exists that a combined ACLR and LEAT reduces lateral femoral translation, but there is insufficient evidence to identify any benefit for other clinical outcomes.
Prediction models for clinical outcome after a carotid revascularisation procedure: A systematic review
Authors: Volkers Eline J , Algra Ale , Kappelle L Jaap , Greving Jacoba P
Published: October 2017

Introduction

Prediction models for clinical outcome after carotid artery stenting or carotid endarterectomy could aid physicians in estimating peri- and postprocedural risks in individual patients. We aimed to identify existing prediction models for short- and long-term outcome after carotid artery stenting or carotid endarterectomy in patients with symptomatic or asymptomatic carotid stenosis, and to summarise their most important predictors and predictive performance.

Patients and methods

We performed a systematic literature search for studies that developed a prediction model or risk score published until 22 December 2016. Eligible prediction models had to predict the risk of vascular events with at least one patient characteristic.

Results

We identified 37 studies that developed 46 prediction models. Thirty-four (74%) models were developed in carotid endarterectomy patients; 27 of these (59%) predicted short-term (in-hospital or within 30 days) risk. Most commonly predicted outcome was stroke or death (n = 12; 26%). Age (n = 31; 67%), diabetes mellitus (n = 21; 46%), heart failure (n = 16; 35%), and contralateral carotid stenosis ≥50% or occlusion (n = 16; 35%) were most commonly used as predictors. For 25 models (54%), it was unclear how missing data were handled; a complete case analysis was performed in 15 (33%) of the remaining 21 models. Twenty-eight (61%) models reported the full regression formula or risk score with risk classification. Twenty-one (46%) models were validated internally and 12 (26%) externally. Discriminative performance (c-statistic) ranged from 0.66 to 0.94 for models after carotid artery stenting and from 0.58 to 0.74 for models after carotid endarterectomy. The c-statistic ranged from 0.55 to 0.72 for the external validations.

Discussion

Age, diabetes mellitus, heart failure, and contralateral carotid stenosis ≥50% or occlusion were most often used as predictors in all models. Discriminative performance (c-statistic) was higher for prediction models after carotid artery stenting than after carotid endarterectomy.

Conclusion

The clinical usefulness of most prediction models for short- or long-term outcome after carotid artery stenting or carotid endarterectomy remains unclear because of incomplete reporting, methodological limitations, and lack of external validation.
Neurovestibular Symptoms in Astronauts Immediately after Space Shuttle and International Space Station Missions
Authors: Reschke Millard F. , Good Edward F. , Clément Gilles R.
Published: October 2017

Objectives

(1) To assess vestibular changes and related sensorimotor difficulties, especially instability of posture and gait, among astronauts immediately after they return from space and to compare the effects experienced after short‐ and long‐duration space missions. (2) To determine whether any difficulties experienced were severe enough to impair the astronauts’ ability to leave the spacecraft in the event of an emergency.

Study Design

Prospective cohort study.

Setting

National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Kennedy Space Center and Johnson Space Center.

Subjects and Methods

Fourteen crewmembers of 3 Space Shuttle missions that lasted about 1 week and 18 crewmembers of 8 International Space Station missions that lasted about 6 months were given brief vestibular examinations 1 to 5 hours after landing. These examinations focused on the presence of vestibular and motor coordination difficulties, as well as motion sickness and motion sensations. Standardized tests included the observation of abnormal eye movements, finger‐to‐nose pointing, standing up from a seated position, postural stability, and tandem gait.

Results

Unsteady walking and postural instabilities were observed after short‐ and long‐duration missions. Motion sickness symptoms were observed after long‐duration missions but not after short‐duration missions. The symptom most frequently reported by the astronauts was an exaggerated perceived motion associated with sudden head movements during reentry and after landing.

Conclusion

The severity of the observed abnormalities would limit the ability of crewmembers during the first 5 hours after landing and increase the time required to leave the spacecraft during this period.
Exogenous Testosterone Use and Central Serous Chorioretinopathy
Authors: Chen Yicheng , Smith Bradley T.
Published: October 2017

Purpose:

To investigate the clinical characteristics of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) in the setting of exogenous testosterone use.

Methods:

Retrospective chart review of patients with a history of exogenous testosterone use and a diagnosis of CSCR at a large retina practice. Patient charts were reviewed for vision, clinical examination, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) results at each visit.

Results:

Four hundred eighty patients with a diagnosis of CSCR were identified, of which 7 patients had a history of exogenous testosterone use (1.46%). Of all, 0 of 7 patients reported any other steroid use. Ages ranged from 36 to 55 (mean, 46.57), and all were male. Only the right eye was involved in all 7 patients. Testosterone was discontinued in only 1 of the 7 patients. Six of the 7 patients had a visual acuity of 20/40 or better at last follow-up (range, 20/20-4/200). Three (43%) of the 7 had resolution of subretinal fluid at their last visit. The most common formulation of testosterone was for intramuscular injection.

Conclusions:

Exogenous testosterone use was reported in 1.46% of patients with CSCR compared to 0.8% in the general male population. The majority of patients in this study recovered 20/40 or better vision and 43% had resolution of subretinal fluid on OCT, suggesting a generally favorable prognosis for CSCR in the setting of testosterone supplementation.
Turkish migration to Europe: a modified gravity model analysis
Authors: Dedeoğlu Dinçer , Genç H. Deniz
Published: October 2017

This study specifies and applies a gravity model to provide empirical evidence on determinants of emigration from Turkey to 31 destination European countries over the period between 1960 and 2013. Results under alternative estimation strategies show that economic, demographic and cultural factors have significant influence on migration decision to the destination countries. The model has explanatory power and is useful for testing the given hypothesized determinants of migration from Turkey to 31 European countries from perspective of the country of origin.

JEL Classification

F22, F14, C33
Radiation Therapy for Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: American Society of Clinical Oncology Endorsement of the American Society for Radiation Oncology Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guideline
Authors: Quon Harry , Vapiwala Neha , Forastiere Arlene , Kennedy Erin B. , Adelstein David J. , Boykin Holly , Califano Joseph A. , Holsinger F. Chris , Nussenbaum Brian , Rosenthal David I. , Siu Lillian L. , Waldron John N.
Published: October 2017

Purpose

The American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) produced an evidence-based guideline on radiation therapy in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) that was determined to be relevant to the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) membership. After applying standard critical appraisal policy and endorsement procedures, ASCO chose to endorse the ASTRO guideline.

Methods

The ASTRO guideline was reviewed by ASCO content experts for clinical accuracy and by ASCO methodologists for developmental rigor. On favorable review, an ASCO Expert Panel was convened to review the guideline contents and recommendations. The ASCO guideline approval body, the Clinical Practice Guidelines Committee, approved the final endorsement.

Results

The ASCO Expert Panel determined that the ASTRO guideline recommendations, published in July 2017, are clear, thorough, and based upon the most relevant scientific evidence. ASCO endorsed the ASTRO guideline and added minor qualifying statements.

Recommendations

Recommendations for the addition of systemic therapy to definitive radiotherapy in the treatment of OPSCC, postoperative radiotherapy with and without systemic therapy following primary surgery of OPSCC, induction chemotherapy in the treatment of OPSCC, and the appropriate dose, fractionation, and volume regimens with and without systemic therapy in the treatment of OPSCC are outlined for a variety of disease stages and clinical scenarios. ASCO Endorsement Panel qualifying statements and minor modifications were made to the ASTRO recommendations. The staging system that is referenced in these guidelines is the American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging Manual, 7th edition. Additional information is available at: www.asco.org/head-neck-cancer-guidelines and www.asco.org/guidelineswiki .
Anaphylaxis to Surgiflo During Posterior Spinal Fusion in an Adolescent Status Post Truncus Arteriosus Repair: A Case Report
Authors: Manrique Espinel Ana Maria , Feldman Jeffrey M. , Nelson Susan , Smaliak Tatiana , Flynn John M. , Nicolson Susan C.
Published: October 2017

Anaphylactic reaction to gelatin-containing hemostatic agents has been reported in the orthopedic literature, most commonly during scoliosis repair in adolescents. However, the risk, differential diagnosis, and management of anaphylaxis in patients with complex congenital heart disease undergoing noncardiac procedures have not been previously reported. We describe the case of an adolescent with a history of repaired truncus arteriosus undergoing posterior spinal fusion who developed sudden and profound hypotension that was ultimately confirmed to be an anaphylactic reaction to Surgiflo. Echocardiography was used to aid in diagnosis and management of the cardiovascular effects of anaphylaxis in this patient with residual cardiac pathophysiology.