bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reform in Undergraduate Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics: The Classroom Context
Authors: Stage Frances K. , Kinzie Jillian
Published: May 2022

This article reports the results of a series of site visits examining modifications to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) teaching and learning based on reform on three differing campuses. Innovations in STEM classrooms included collaborative approaches to learning; incorporation of active learning, authentic contexts, peer teaching; and interdisciplinary connections.
Motivation Matters: Using the Student Opinion Scale to Make Valid Inferences About Student Performance
Authors: Thelk Amy D. , Sundre Donna L. , Horst S.Jeanne , Finney Sara J.
Published: May 2022

Institutions of higher education are expected to address accountability and transparency of student learning and development efforts. The Student Opinion Scale assesses examinee motivation during testing and asks students to report level of effort invested and perceived importance of taks. This article evaluates validity evidence and supports widespread instrument use.
A Corpus-based Analysis of Korean 'Yes' Words yey, ney, and ung: A Pedagogical Perspective
Authors: Pyun Danielle Ooyoung
Published: May 2022

Language corpora are increasingly recognized as a useful tool for observing patterns of real-life language use. This study investigates various discourse functions of Korean 'yes' words, namely, yey, ney, and ung, based on a Korean speech corpus. Using a corpus of Korean native speakers' unscripted conversations, this study identified ten major functions of yey, ney and ung: (1) positive response, (2) continuer, (3) display of understanding, (4) hesitation filler, (5) self-affirmation, (6) attention getter, (7) response to calling, (8) repair initiator, (9) display of surprise or confusion, and (10) confirmation seeker. The ten functions were then examined for their frequency rates and the contexts of occurrences. Although yey, ney, and ung are widely perceived as simply indicating positive response, this study demonstrates a range of discourse functions that yey, ney, and ung carry in real-world communication. This study further discusses the pedagogical implications of corpora in classroom language teaching and learning.
Resource-Sharing Practices in a Mixed Korean Language Classroom: Critical Perspectives
Authors: Shin Jeeweon
Published: May 2022

This paper examines the power dynamics resulting from the implementation of resource sharing practices in the university Korean language classroom. By collecting data primarily from semi-structured interviews, my paper shows ways in which nonheritage learners are marginalized while working with heritage learners, and how different groups of non-heritage learners negotiate their identities and positions. Pedagogical implications call on educators to be aware of unhealthy power dynamics that may arise from common teaching practices in the Korean language classroom, and to be sensitive to the ways in which teaching methods can be modified to empower non-heritage learners.
An Integrated Approach to the Teaching of Business Korean
Authors: Jung Ji-Young , Cho Young-mee Yu
Published: May 2022

This study explores how one particular instructional practice, the mock interview, was conducted in an actual business Korean class, and how effective this practice was for students in acquiring the necessary skills for a successful job interview, both transactional and interactional. The primary impetus for this research stemmed from our concern about the lack of instructional input regarding interactional skills in current business Korean education in the U.S. Drawing upon rather 'unsuccessful' interactions in our data, we have demonstrated that knowing domain-appropriate language and having real-world knowledge (knowledge of the subject matter) is not sufficient to deal with interactional tasks in the dynamic and complex world of business. This study points out the limitations of prevailing instructional practices with its heavy reliance on ready-made teaching materials that are predominantly task-oriented, basically teaching us “how to do business” in Korean. Rather, a research-derived and data-driven integrated approach is proposed to teaching business language skills. Specifically, this study argues for a multidimensional model that would help learners utilize their Korean proficiency to accomplish meaningful and successful interactions and to build positive relationships in a professional, business setting.
Grammar versus Content: KFL/ESL Teachers' Trends in Feedback on College Student Writing
Authors: Ko Kyoungrok
Published: May 2022

This comparative study explored teacher feedback on college student writing from the teacher's perspective by investigating the written feedback practices among teachers of Korean as a foreign language (KFL) and teachers of English as a second language (ESL) in North America. Using an online questionnaire, this study inquired into the written feedback practices of 153 college KFL/ESL instructors across North America. A major difference between the two groups was found in terms of the scope of issues chosen for feedback: KFL teachers in relation to ESL teachers were more concerned with language-related local issues over writing-related global issues. The dissimilarity was consistent even with multiple-draft approach usage: ESL teachers changed their focus of concern from global issues on early drafts to local issues on later drafts, while KFL teachers focused on local issues across all drafts. The difference between KFL and ESL teachers' feedback might be explained by a variety of factors including the number and types of feedback-related training, cultural-developmental factors, student proficiency, and learner needs.
Teachers' Use of the Intimate Speech Style in the Korean Language Classroom
Authors: Park Mi Yung
Published: May 2022

Korean speech styles have been traditionally viewed as markers of hierarchical social relationships between a speaker and an addressee. In this view, Korean speakers select speech styles according to sociocultural relationships, such as age, social status, kinship, in-groupness, and outgroupness. On the other hand, more recent studies on this topic demonstrate that speakers employ a mixed use of speech styles even when interacting with the same addressees within a given situation. The data in this study demonstrate that Korean as a foreign language (KFL) teachers adopt the intimate style (panmal) in diverse contexts, such as when asking self-addressed questions, delivering exclamations, and discussing solidarity-building topics. In KFL classroom settings, teachers' use of the intimate style indexes (1) the speaker's internal thought and (2) the speaker's expression of solidarity with the listeners. This study offers insights into the indexical meanings of the intimate style in the KFL classroom and suggests practical pedagogical implications.
A Project-Based Curriculum for an Advanced Korean Class: Teaching Korean in the Post-modern Era
Authors: Oh Sang-suk
Published: May 2022

This paper discusses specific benefits of the project-based curriculum in advanced Korean classes. A theoretical background is presented, and some actual cases of project-based curriculum in upper-level college Korean classes are demonstrated through a discussion of course design and students' self-evaluation of their own learning within the curriculum. For theoretical discussion, the historical background and various definitions of project-based instruction (PBI) are presented. Advantages and challenges of the PBI approach in second (or foreign) language classes are also explored. For case studies of PBI, the course syllabus, course design, and content of fourteen actual individual projects are introduced. In the main part of this paper, student feedback on PBI classes is analyzed in order to assess the advantages of PBI. An analysis of students' own assessments of their learning processes in PBI classes reveals that PBI classes have very positive elements, including the ability to help students improve their various learning skills, deepen their knowledge of content, and improve their language skills.
Repair Initiation by Advanced Non-heritage Korean Learners
Authors: Kim Jieun , Sohn Sung-Ock Shin
Published: May 2022

Taking a conversation analytic perspective, this study examines advanced non-heritage Korean learners' repair initiation practices. By examining interaction between Korean native speakers (NSs) and nonnative speakers (NNSs), the study particularly addresses two questions: 1) Is there any similarity and/or difference between NSs and NNSs in terms of their repair practices? 2) Is there any similarity and/or difference between advanced and lower level speakers in terms of their repair practices? In terms of repair initiation format, NNSs display a similar preference with NSs. However, in their responses to the repair initiations, we found a different pattern between NSs and NNSs. Speakers sometimes employ different repair initiation formats from target issues. While NNSs tend to rely more on the surface format in interpreting the repair initiations, NSs frequently notice the discrepancy and interpret hearing repair initiations as understanding problems. Advanced Korean learners show some differences from lower level speakers in terms of preferred other-repair initiation formats. They produce most understanding repair initiations whereas the lower level speakers produce substantially more hearing repair initiations. Also, advanced speakers tend to use 'questioning-repeat', as a turn-holder, mostly in the subsequent turn to a NS's question.
Approaching L2 Listening Comprehension for Advanced Learners: Using Reading as a Pre-Listening Task
Authors: Chang Sumi
Published: May 2022

Listening comprehension is an active multidimensional process of constructing meaning by applying linguistic and topic knowledge to incoming aural texts (Buck, 2001; Field, 2004; Long, 1989, Rivers 1983, Vandergrift, 1999). Listening has been regarded as the most widely used language skill in normal daily life in the case of L2 English (Morley, 2001; Rost, 2001), and yet it is also the most difficult language skill area in L2 regardless of the target language due to its evanescent nature (Buck, 2001, 1995; Field, 2004; Graham, 2006; O'Malley, Chamot, & Küpper, 1989; Vandergrift, 1999). In this study, 20 advanced L2 Korean learners used reading rendition or translation as pre-listening strategy for two semesters. Using their survey responses, I first examine the effectiveness of pre-listening rendition activity when the topic of reading rendition and the listening are held constant. And then, I examine what factors of the reading rendition contribute to listening effectiveness. I conclude that prelistening reading rendition enhances L2 listening comprehension when the topic of reading and listening text are held constant. And according to learner responses, background knowledge and vocabulary are the primary factors that make pre-listening reading rendition effective.
Collostructional Analysis of Korean Auxiliary Verbs -e twu- and -e noh-
Authors: Choi Bumyong
Published: May 2022

Focusing on the Korean auxiliary verb pair -e twu- and -e noh-, this study attempts to introduce a corpus analysis to detect the distinctiveness of two synonymous constructions. As the Korean verb twu- 'to put' and noh- 'to put' are considered synonymous, the corresponding auxiliary verb pair -e twu- and -e noh-also have been commonly assumed to be synonyms. In this study, the syntactic and semantic features of the Korean auxiliary verb pair -e twu- and -e noh are examined based on the actual usage in Korean corpus data. Using methods of distinctive collexeme analysis, two main questions are investigated: whether both auxiliary verbs can be used interchangeably as synonyms and what their distinctive features are. The results of the analysis provide three semantic groups of main verbs that attract to each auxiliary verb: verbs of preservation, cognitive activities and releasing for -e twu-; verbs of motion, dispersion and creation for -e noh-. Based on the semantic analysis of the co-occurred main verbs, this study argues that each auxiliary verb in question has its own distinctive semantic features; and that distinctive semantic features of main verbs are influential factors in choosing one particular auxiliary verb from two synonymous auxiliary verb constructions. This study also explored how the distinctive collexeme analysis could benefit to teaching two synonymous constructions and the potential of cognitive linguistic approaches on Korean language instructions. Based on the result of the case study, I suggested that the list of distinctive collexemes could provide a practical application in language instruction for the Korean auxiliary verb pair, which has similar semantic features.
Advanced Korean Language Learners' Use of Formulaic Language
Authors: Kim Mary S.
Published: May 2022

A growing number of studies find that formulaic language plays an important role in language processing, production, and acquisition (Erman & Warren 2000; Conklin & Schmitt 2008; Wray 2008). Native speakers typically store and retrieve a sequence of words or word strings as a holistic unit. This study investigates advanced Korean learners' use of formulaic language through an analysis of the learners' writings. The study focuses on analyzing the learners' use of collocation, lexical bundles, and idiomatic expressions. Quantitative and qualitative analyses identify the amount, types, and accuracy of their use of formulaic language. The findings show that these learners not only make errors in using the appropriate formulaic sequences, but they also fail to consider the proper contexts. In addition, compared to native speakers, advanced learners tend to overuse a small range of high-frequency familiar formulaic sequences and lack diversity in their use of formulaic sequences. The findings further suggest ways of facilitating formulaic language acquisition.
Pedagogical Scenarios for Teaching Topic/Nominative Marking in Discourse
Authors: Cho Young-mee Yu , Jung Ji-Young , Park Minyoung
Published: May 2022

Based on an error analysis of KFL learners' use of the topic marker (TM) and the nominative marker (NM), we will identify sources of common errors, define their semantically accurate and pragmatically appropriate uses within a pedagogical grammar of Korean, and then propose a series of pedagogical scenarios that facilitate acquisition of these markers. Most of the errors occurred in extended stretches of discourse rather than in isolated sentences, indicating that teaching discourse markers crucially needs pragmatic strategies that highlight target features in lieu of sentence-level, syntactic approaches. Linguistic analyses of the TM/NM in Korean have often treated them as analogous to their Japanese counterparts (Sohn, 1980); only recently have there been attempts to clarify important differences between the TM/NM in the two languages (E. Lee & Shimojo, 2011). Moreover, Korean pedagogical grammar treats the TM as: (1) a topic marker, (2) a contrastive marker, and (3) a marker of emphasis, and the NM as a subject marker, in much more simplistic terms Japanese pedagogical grammar (Noda, 1996). We propose that TM/NM (and bare nouns and zero pronominais) be taught in more concrete contexts with clear explanations of their discourse characteristics through activities designed to highlight their intended meanings and purposes. We believe that discourse marking should be introduced spirally along strategic points all the way up to advanced levels to reinforce its uses in complex structures and expand the learner's pragmatic repertoire of more subtle and interactional meanings.
Using Concept Map Prewriting Strategies in Korean Writing Classes
Authors: Lee Yongjin , Cho Sungdai
Published: May 2022

This study investigated the effect of pre-writing strategies on Korean language learners' writing performance in a college-level Korean language program context. The study expected that individual and collaborative concept mapping activities, used as a pre-writing strategy, could reduce cognitive demands on second/foreign language writers. One hundred and twenty-three undergraduates from Korean language classes in a state university were represented in both the treatment and comparison groups. Data were collected during three writing sessions: (1) pre-test of writing, (2) individual planning, and (3) collaborative planning. The treatment groups were encouraged to develop concept maps to plan their compositions in the second and third writing sessions. To analyze the findings, the study used a repeated measure, analysis of covariance on composition scores, and analysis of variance of survey responses to analyze research findings. The results showed that the treatment groups that used concept maps scored significantly higher than did the comparison groups on a composition profile at both sessions. But the student compositions were not improved by collaborative concept mapping. The survey showed that most participants were satisfied with collaborative concept mapping activities for writing. The study provided evidence that using concept mapping as a pre-writing strategy in a foreign language learning context is beneficial. Further research should consider the practical limitations challenging the use of collaborative mapping tasks in Korean writing classes.
Validierung von kommerziell erhältlichen Systemen für die Ertrags- und Qualitätsprognose im Apfelanbau
Authors: Elias M. Holzknecht  , Christian Andergassen  , Daniel Pichler  , Walter Guerra
Published: May 2022

Die Durchführung von manuellen Ertragsschätzungen ist meist mit einem hohen Arbeitsaufwand und hohen Kosten verbunden. Mithilfe von modernen Bilderkennungssystemen ist es bereits möglich Ertragsprognosen zu erstellen, um flächenbezogene Ertragsleistung und die Fruchtgrößenverteilung zu ermitteln. Dadurch können Kulturmaßnahmen zielgerichteter eingesetzt und die Lagerung sowie die Logistik optimiert werden. Deshalb wurden in dieser Arbeit-fünf verschiedene kommerziell erhältliche Systeme auf ihre Genauigkeit und Praxistauglichkeit bei verschiedenen Sorten und auf verschiedenen Standorten getestet. Dafür wurden die erhaltenen Daten mit manuell ermittelten Daten verglichen und die Abweichung berechnet. Dabei wurde festgestellt, dass große Unterschiede zwischen den verschiedenen Systemen vorlagen, wobei einige Systeme bereits eine ausreichende Genauigkeit aufwiesen. Beim Großteil der Systeme waren jedoch zu große Abweichungen vorhanden und dafür aufgebrachte Zeitaufwand für die Erfassung der Daten lag häufig über dem der manuellen Messung.
Video Animasi Pembelajaran Materi Pengukuran
Authors: Apriyanti Made Dwi , Suarjana I Made , Sumantri Made
Published: May 2022

Penggunaan media pembelajaran dalam proses pembelajaran sangat penting. Namun, guru masih kurang mampu memanfaatkan teknologi untuk membuat media pembelajaran berupa video pada mata pelajaran Matematika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menciptakan media pembelajaran video animasi berbasis powtoon pada materi pengukuran kelas III sekolah dasar agar lebih mudah dipahami oleh siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE. Subjek uji coba penelitian yaitu 7 pakar (2 pakar instrumen, 2 pakar materi dan media pembelajaran, serta 1 praktisi), 4 orang siswa untuk uji coba perorangan. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah metode kuesioner. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam mengumpulkan data yaitu kuesioner. Teknik yang digunakan untuk menganalisis data yaitu deskriptif kualitatif dan deskripsi kuantitatif. Data hasil validasi dianalisis menggunakan rumus mean untuk mengetahui rata-rata skor validitas media. Hasil analisis data validitas ahli materi diperoleh 4,42. hasil validitas ahli media diperoleh 4,46. Hasil rata-rata skor dari praktisi guru diperoleh 4,5. Hasil rata-rata skor dari responden siswa diperoleh 4,5. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, maka video animasi berbasis powtoon pada materi pengukuran di kelas III sekolah dasar memiliki kualifikasi sangat baik dan yang dikembangkan layak digunakan. Implikasi penelitian ini yaitu guru berupaya menguasai teknologi untuk mengembangkan video animasi berbasis powtoon pada materi pengukuran kelas III pada media pembelajaran. Hasil penelitian ini memiliki kualifikasi sangat baik. Video animasi ini dimanfaatkan untuk pendukung dalam proses pembelajaran matematika, khususnya pada materi pengukuran panjang.
Evaluasi Program Sekolah Sehat di Sekolah Menengah Pertama
Authors: Takain Getsi Novalin , Iriani Ade
Published: May 2022

Munculnya perilaku yang tidak sehat disebabkan oleh kebiasaan yaitu kurang bersihnya rumah, lingkungan masyarakat, dan sekolah. Lingkungan yang tidak sehat tentunya memberikan dampak buruk terhadap sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi program sekolah sehat di SMP. Jenis penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan model evaluasi CIPPO (Context, Input, Process, Product, dan Outcome). Subyek pada penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah, koordinator program sekolah sehat, wali kelas, pengurus UKS, kepala perpustakaan. Teknik pengumpulan informasi data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, display data. Verifikasi/kesimpulan data serta uji validasi menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi teknik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan  bahwa komponen context sudah sesuai dengan teori-teori yang ada dan juknis dari pemerintah. Komponen input belum memenuhi standar pendidikan dan masih belum cukup menjawab kebutuhan yang diperlukan pada setiap program yang ada. Komponen process sudah sesuai dan dilaksanakan berdasarkan fungsi-fungsi manajemen, tetapi terdapat beberapa kendala. Komponen product sudah sesuai dengan yang diharapkan. Komponen outcome hampir memenuhi atau memadai.
Nutritional benefits of microalga oil replacement in tilapia farming
Authors:   , Trevi Sergio
Published: May 2022

Schizochytrium oil is currently the only commercially available microalgae oil to replace plant and fish oils in Nile tilapia diets, however there are some uncertainties on its benefits and optimal replacement level. To systematically evaluate the benefits of Schizochytrium in fish nutrition, a metanalysis was conducted. Its results indicated that an inclusion of Schizochytrium did not result in loss of omega-3 content of the fish fillet (SMD = 0.62; 95%CI = -0.51-1.76). To assess the effects on survival and changes in the gut microbiota (16S rRNA sequencing) of Nile tilapia, Schizochytrium oil was incorporated in the fish diet. Microalgae-oil in the diet increased growth rate without impacting on fish survival. Plant oil caused an increase in the abundance of Aeromonadaceae in the gut, but this was not the case with microalgae oil was used. To characterize the long-term effects of microalgae oil, Nile tilapia from the previous experiment were fed on the same diets for 11 months. Schizochytrium oil in the diet increased the omega-3 content of the Nile tilapia fillet up to 32.30±1.13%. The benefits of Schizochytrium oil replacement was also tested on Manyara tilapia (Oreochromis amphimelas), an endangered species. Schizochytrium oil increased fish growth and omega-3 content of the flesh up to 32.68±0.25%. Gonad development was not affected by Schizochytrium oil in the diet. The results of this thesis indicate, that Schizochytrium oil can replace fish-based oils in the diet of Nile tilapia without compromising survival or disrupting the composition of the gut-microbiome as plant-based diets do, whileat the same time improving growth and omega-3 content of the fillet in both Nile and Manyara tilapia thus representing a better alternative to fish oils than plant-based oils.
Finite Element Framework for Phase-Field Modelling of Multiphase Flows
Authors:   , Lovric Aleksander
Published: May 2022

This thesis is concerned with the simulation of multiphase systems and phase transition. Speciﬁcally of interest is the modelling of liquid-vapour systems, usu-ally in the presence of surface tension, using diﬀuse-interface methods. An em-phasis is placed on increasing computational eﬃciency with order reduction and segregation strategies. The thesis opens with the modelling of phase-transition phenomena using a non-conservative low order formulation of the Navier-Stokes-Korteweg equations: a diﬀuse-interface model for simulating compressible single-component ﬂuid systems. Of particular interest is the simulation of temperature induced cavitation, which is successfully demonstrated with the numerical simu-lation of nucleate boiling. The focus is turned to binary ﬂuid systems with the introduction of a classical phase dynamics model: The Cahn-Hilliard equation. The inherent physical phenomena associated with the Cahn-Hilliard equation are investigated, and strategies are proposed to reduce their contributions, which are demonstrated with a selection of numerical examples. The Cahn-Hilliard equa-tion is coupled with the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. A computation-ally eﬃcient, low order ﬁnite element formulation is presented for modelling the coupled Navier-Stokes-Cahn-Hilliard equations: a diﬀuse-interface model for the simulation of immiscible multiphase ﬂows. The present work suggests that tradi-tional Navier-Stokes-Cahn-Hilliard models do not allow for surface tension eﬀects to be neglected due to the presence of the surface tension parameter in the Cahn-Hilliard equation. This motivates the proposed formulation, which allows surface tension eﬀects to be changed without aﬀecting the behaviour of the phase trans-port. The proposed models are demonstrated with surface tension dominated problems, as well as problems where surface tension eﬀects are negligible. All results obtained agree very well with reference solutions. As a ﬁnal contribution of the thesis an eﬀort is placed on increasing computational eﬃciency by imple-menting projection-type decoupling strategies. Two new families of projection schemes are proposed which are based on the generalised midpoint rule and the generalised- method, respectively, and allow control over high-frequency damping. Both schemes are investigated in detail on the basis of a spatially discrete model problem and subsequently implemented in the context of a ﬁnite element formu-lation for the incompressible NavierStokes equations. Comprehensive numerical studies are presented, and importantly the observations made are in agreement with the conclusions drawn from the model problem. The present work suggests that it is not possible to formulate a second order accurate projection scheme which possesses any high-frequency damping.
A Solar Energy Control System for On-Grid Energy Storage Device
Authors: Oladunjoye Olamide O. , Olasoji Yekeen O. , Adedeji Kazeem B. , Oladunjoye Olayide A. , Olebu Chinedu G.
Published: May 2022

Renewable energy sources could be harnessed to provide intermittent power and their integration into the grid has improved power availability. Nonetheless, ensuring the stability of the output of such a system has been a major concern. The inability to control the output of renewable resources such as solar results in operational challenges in power systems. To compensate for the fluctuating and unpredictable features of solar photovoltaic power generation, electrical energy storage systems have been introduced that may be integrated into the grid. In this paper, a solar photovoltaic model for an on-grid energy storage device was developed using MATLAB/Simulink, and the model was optimized using a fuzzy logic algorithm. The overall simulation results show that the output of the PV model can be controlled using a fuzzy-based optimization algorithm. The result of the fuzzy logic controller gave a better performance with good voltage stability. Also, the fuzzy-based optimization helps boost the voltage profile of the system.
Repercussions of Increment in Reynolds Number and Half Distance of Major Axis on Magnetohydrodynamic Flow in Elliptical Pipe
Authors: Kweyu David
Published: May 2022

Analysis has been carried out on velocity configuration for Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow in a straight horizontal pipe of elliptical cross section when Reynolds number and half-length of major axis are adjusted. An electrically conducting, viscous and incompressible fluid flow in the z-direction of a long pipe with elliptical cross-section in x-y plane has been scrutinized. An applied magnetic field is conveyed to the pipe in the y-direction. The fluid is driven by Lorentz force and gravitational force. The governing equations are partial differential equations (pdes) formulated in terms of cylindrical coordinates (r, , z) by amalgamating r-component of Navier-Stokes equation, Ohm’s law, equation of continuity and cross-section of pipe. Navier-Stokes equation is non-dimensionalised, composed in terms of stream function, , converted to an ordinary differential equation (ode) using similarity transformation and evaluated numerically using Finite Element Method (FEM). Results are obtained for velocities for values of Reynolds number, Re? 10.0 and half major axis distance, a 0.0034. Tables and graphs are created and sketched respectively using these findings. The eventualities confess that: When Reynolds number and a half distance of major axis are escalated, velocity of the fluid rises at the centre of the pipe but dwindle to zero towards the periphery of the pipe in both cases. Subsequently, it is anticipated that a pipe of elliptical cross-section would be more beneficial in research on natural phenomena and technological applications than a circular one with the same depth. Fluid velocity and capacity will be higher in the elliptical pipe than in circular pipe resulting in higher MHD effects.
SURGICAL TREATMENT OF ACTIVE ANEURYSMAL BONE CYST THROUGH LAYERED ALLOPLASTIC
Authors:   National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Moscow, Russia, Ovechkina A.A. , Zherdev K.V. ,   National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Moscow, Russia,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Сhelpachenko O.B. ,   National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Moscow, Russia, Petelguzov A.A. ,   National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Moscow, Russia, Timofeev I.V. ,   National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Moscow, Russia, Yatsyk S.P. ,   National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Moscow, Russia
Published: May 2022

Objective of the study: to evaluate the effectiveness of layered alloplasty in the surgical treatment of active aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) in children. Materials and methods of research: from 2007 to 2020 56 patients with ABCs were treated in the Neuroortopedic Department with orthopedics of the National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health (Moscow, Russia). All patients have underwent a comprehensive clinical and radiological examination, including the determination of intraosseous pressure (IOP) to determine the activity of the pathological process. Surgical treatment of 19 patients with ABCs was performed through layered alloplastic method of the cyst cavity with the enhancing of the bone growth zone with alloimplants based on sea coral. Results: the results of treatment were evaluated on the basis of an analysis of the radiographic picture of reconstruction of bone implants and restoration of bone tissue structure, as well as analysis of the quality of life of patients in the 1st and 2nd module of the PedsQL Generic Core scale questionnaire before and after surgical treatment. Conclusion: the use of layered plasticity of a bone defect in the surgical treatment of ABCs can be considered as effective method for preventing recurrence of the disease.
MICROBIOME AND THE NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION (COVID-19).
Authors:   Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of the Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russia, Gorelov A.V. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Usenko D.V. ,   Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of the Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russia
Published: May 2022

The new coronavirus infection has been the leading public health problem in all countries for the past two years, causing enormous social and economic damage. The pathogenesis of COVID-19 infection continues to be studied, where the role of microflora of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is considered to be important. The “intestine - lungs” functional axis, which ensures the interaction of the microbial communities of the respiratory tract and GIT, plays an important role in the immunopathogenesis of the COVID-19 infection, the development of inflammatory reaction in lung tissue and its subsequent restoration, as well as the formation of secondary bacterial complications. The intestinal infection with SARS-CoV-2 virus causes significant changes in the diversity and functional activity of intestine microbiota affecting negatively on the immune response patterns and maintenance of the colonization resistance of the mucous membranes. Summarizing the presented data of scientific publications on the problem of microbiome changes with the new coronavirus infection and the role of the “intestine - lungs” functional axis, the search for the modulation of the intestinal/respiratory microbiome seems promising with the purpose of not only preventing the progression of the disease, but also reducing of the duration of the disease and the severity of the symptoms of lung and GIT injury, as well as post-COVID symptoms prevention.
LUNG DISEASES IN NEWBORNS: DIAGNOSTIC DIFFICULTIES, DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA AND CONSEQUENCES
Authors:   People’s Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia, Ovsyannikov D.Yu. , Volodin N.N. ,   National Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev, Moscow, Russia
Published: May 2022

The article provides information on the causes of the respiratory insufficiency, diagnostic criteria for lung diseases in newborns on the basis of the authors' research and bibliographical data (pneumonia, newborn respiratory distress syndrome - NRDS, meconium aspiration syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia - BPD, ventilator-associated pneumonia - VAP, acute bronchiolitis, Wilson Mikity syndrome - WMS) based on the relevant recommendations. The causes of hypodiagnostics of neonatal lung diseases alternative to congenital pneumonia are discussed as well. The ways to reduce its hyperdiagnostics are also covered. The information on causal, complicating, accidental, inappropriate and inverse BPD comorbidity is given, as well as on the effects of BPD and acute lung diseases in newborns for respiratory health.
CLINICAL DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF ANTINUCLEAR ANTIBODIES IN PEDIATRIC PRACTICE (PART I)
Authors:   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Podchernyaeva N.S. , Khachatryan L.G. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Osminina M.K. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Frolkova E.V. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Kudryashova M.A. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
Published: May 2022

In recent decades, there has been an increase in the incidence of various autoimmune, including rheumatic diseases, while their debut has been shifted to an earlier age. The clinical picture of rheumatic diseases is distinguished by severe polymorphism; therefore, laboratory diagnostic methods are important for diagnostic search. One of the most widely used tests in the rheumatological practice is the detection and identification of antinuclear antibodies (ANA). ANA are a large group of autoantibodies (auto-Abs) directed against various cell structures, including not only the nucleus but also the nuclear membrane, mitotic apparatus, cytoplasm components and cell organelles, as well as cell membranes. Different methods are used for testing, but the method of ANA detection through indirect immunofluorescence antinuclear antibody test (IF-ANA) is recommended as a “gold standard” with human laryngeal carcinoma HEp-2 cells being recognized as a standard substrate. IF-ANA with HEp-2 has the highest diagnostic sensitivity compared with other methods, it includes the phase of serial dilutions of positive serums and a visual analysis of the type of glow, the list of which currently has 30 patterns. ANA glow types are caused by various auto-Abs that respond with antigens located in the nucleus and cytoplasm of the HEp-2 cells line. Assessment of the type of glow in conjunction with clinical and laboratory data allows planning of further examination with confirming tests to determine the specificity of ANA, some of which, in particular, are auto-Abs to DFS70 antigen, which in the absence of other types of autoantibodies, are more likely to doubt the presence of a systemic rheumatic disease. The diagnostic specificity of various screening techniques for ANA detection is relatively low, they are detected with a fairly high frequency in patients with other diseases and in healthy individuals of different gender and age, including children.
MEDICAL AND GENETIC CONTROL OF INNATE IMMUNITY DEFECTS – A FUTURE DIRECTION OF SCIENTIFIC AND CLINICAL PEDIATRICS
Authors:   National Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev, Moscow, Russia, Rumyantsev A.G. , Shcherbina A.Yu. ,   National Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev, Moscow, Russia
Published: May 2022

The new International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision (ICD-11) has started in Russia and worldwide in January, 2022. The section Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism (D50-D89) now includes more than 400 genetic disorders leading to disruption of cell cycle regulation, systemic inflammation and primary immunodeficiency (PID) with clinical manifestations as severe infections, autoinflammatory, autoimmune, allergic and oncological diseases. The PID verification tools include records on the epidemiology of inborn defects of immunity based on the national PID register, on the development and practical implementation of original domestic tests on T and B lymphocyte abnormalities and the diagnostic genetic panel for differential diagnostics of PID, as well as on conducting multicenter studies on the effectiveness of immunoglobulin drugs and transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells in patients with PID and the results of pilot studies of neonatal screening of PID in Russia. The article presents the computational indicators of children at risk and working algorithms for differential clinical and genetic diagnostics of PID and clinical decision-making designed to provide dynamic follow-up and treatment of this group of patients and to reduce infant and child mortality.
MODERN PROBLEMS AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY/ONCOLOGY/IMMUNOLOGY (30 YEARS OF EXPERIENCE OF THE NATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CENTER FOR PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY, ONCOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY NAMED AFTER DMITRY ROGACHEV)
Authors:   National Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev, Moscow, Russia, Novichkova G.A.
Published: May 2022

The article provides the historical data on the formation of children's hematology/oncology service in Russia and about the development of the National Scientific and Practical Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev (Moscow, Russia), its structure, medical, diagnostic, scientific capabilities, educational activities, achievements and prospects for future development of children’s hematology/oncology/immunology.
CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF PEDIATRIC BALNEOLOGY AND PHYSIOTHERAPY
Authors:   Moscow Scientific and Practical Center for Medical Rehabilitation, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine of the Moscow Department of Healthcare, Moscow, Russia, Khan M.A. ,   FSBI of Additional Professional Education "Central State Medical Academy" with the Office of the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia,   N.F. Filatov Moscow City Children's Clinical Hospital of the Moscow Department of Healthcare, Moscow, Russia, Razumov A.N. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Pogonchenkova I.V. ,   Moscow Scientific and Practical Center for Medical Rehabilitation, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine of the Moscow Department of Healthcare, Moscow, Russia
Published: May 2022

One of the most important directions for the development of pediatric balneology is to improve the sanatorium-resort treatment of children. The Government of Russia has adopted the Decree No. 2581-r dated Nov. 26, 2018 on the strategic development of the Russian sanatorium-resort facilities with the purposes as follows: increasing the availability of sanatorium-resort treatment; development of health-improving areas and resorts; the effective use of natural therapeutic resources; improvement of the material and technical base of sanatorium-resort organizations. The article highlights the main tasks to achieving the abovementioned goals, which in its turn are aimed to developing a modern regulatory framework for the sanatorium-resort organizations, increasing the availability and supply of sanatorium-resort treatment for children, including disabled children, developing medical rehabilitation in sanatorium-resort organizations, using of balneology scientific achievements in the sanatorium-resort facilities; modern methodological and scientific support for sanatorium-resort business, improvement of training of specialists in the field of pediatric balneology and ways of solving the tasks. The contemporary network of pediatric sanatorium-resort institutions is presented, which includes 491 pediatric sanatorium-resort organizations (28 % of the total number of sanatorium and resort organizations). The paper describes the main achievements of pediatric physiotherapy (PT) in recent years, a wide range of innovation technologies in PT (electrical treatment, light therapy, magnetotherapy, balneotherapy, peloid therapy, cryotherapy, etc.) for the prophylaxis, treatment and medical rehabilitation of children with various diseases. Promising directions for further development of balneology and PT in pediatrics have been identified.
ANALISIS HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA MATERI BILANGAN BULAT SISWA KELAS 3 SD NEGERI 02 KARANG MELATI
Authors: Anggraini Merly , Wardiah Dessy , Surmilasari Nora
Published: May 2022

Abstract:. The purpose of research on the analysis of learning outcomes carried out by researchers is to determine student learning outcomes in mathematics subjects, adding and subtracting whole number arithmetic operations for third grade students of SD Negeri 02 Karang Melati in the 2021/2022 academic year.This research method uses a quantitative approach. The research method used is descriptive quantitative method. This research methodis a way of collecting data by means of observation, documentation and tests.Student learning out comes that have been analyzed are students who have student learning outcomes with very high criteria as many as 9 people with a value of 100 from theten questions given by the teacher, students who have the ability to learn student outcomes with high criteria are 7 people with a score of 80 with a total of 10 questions that have been given by the teacher, students who have student learning outcomes with moderate criteria, namely 7 people with a score of 70 KKM standards that have been determined by the teacher, andstudents who have learning outcomes with low criteria, namely only 1 person with a score of 60 out of 10 questions which has beengiven.Keywords: Analysis, Student Learning Outcomes, Mathematics SubjectsAbstrak:Tujuan penelitian pada analisis hasil belajar yang dilakukan oleh peneliti adalah untuk mengetahui hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran matematika materi operasi hitung penjumlahan dan pengurangan bilangan bulat siswa kelas 3 SD Negeri 02 Karang Melati tahun ajaran 2021/2022. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Metode penelitian ini cara pengumpulan data dengan cara observasi, dokumentasi dan tes. Hasil belajar siswa yang telah dianalisis siswa yang memiliki hasil belajar siswa dengan kriteria sangat tinggi sebanyak 9 orang dengan nilai 100 dari kesepuluh soal yang diberikan oleh guru, Siswa yang memiliki kemampuan hasil belajar siswa dengan kriteria tinggi yaitu sebanyak 7 orang dengan nilai 80 dengan jumlah 10 soal yang telah diberikan oleh guru, siswa yang memiliki hasil belajar siswa dengan kriteria sedang yaitu sebanyak 7 orang dengan nilai 70 setandar KKM yang telah ditentukan oleh guru, dan siswa yang memiliki hasil belajar dengan kriteria rendah yaitu hanya 1 orang dengan nilai 60 dari 10 soal yang telah diberikan.Kata Kunci: Analisis, Hasil Belajar Siswa, Mata Pelajaran Matematika
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR PPKN MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOPERATIF TIPE THINK PAIR SHARE KELAS VI SD NEGERI 219 PALEMBANG
Authors: Apriani Apriani
Published: May 2022

Abstract: Improving PPKn Learning Outcomes Through The Application Of The Think Pair Share Type Of Cooperative Learning Model For SD Negeri 219 Palembang. The purpose of this study was to determine the increase in student learning outcomes in class VI SD Negeri 219 Palembang after the implementation of the Think Pair Share Cooperative Learning Model. In addition, to determine the effect of student learning motivation in class VI SD Negeri 219 Palembang after the implementation of the ThinkPair Share type of cooperative learning model. which is marked by an increase in student learning mastery in each cycle, namely pre-cycle (48.00%), cycle I (80.00%), cycle II (96.00%). The application of the Think Pair Share learning model can also increase student learning activities as indicated by the results of 68.00% in the first cycle, and in the second cycle the student activity during the learning process increased again to 86.67%. In addition, the application of the Think Pair Share cooperative learning model has a positive influence, which can increase student learning motivation as indicated by the average student answers stating that students are interested and interested in the Think Pair Share type cooperative learning model so that they become motivated to learn.Keywords: Improving Learning Outcomes, PPKn, Think Pair ShareAbstrak: Peningkatan Hasil Belajar PPKn Melalui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran koperatif Tipe Think Pair Share Kelas VI SD Negeri 219 Palembang. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa di kelas VI SD Negeri 219 Palembang setelah diterapkannya Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Think Pair Share. Selain itu untuk mengetahui pengaruh motivasi belajar siswa kelas siswa di kelas VI SD Negeri 219 Palembang setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Think Pair Share.Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah kesimpulan, bahwa pembelajaran dengan menggunakan penerapan model kooperatif tipe Think Pair Share memberikan dampak positif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa yang ditandai dengan peningkatan ketuntasan belajar siswa dalam setiap siklus, yaitu pra siklus (48,00%), siklus I (80,00%), siklus II (96,00%). Penerapan model pembelajaran Think Pair Share juga dapat meningkatkan aktivitas belajar siswa yang ditunjukan dengan hasil 68,00% pada siklus I, dan pada siklus II aktivitas siswa selama proses pembelajaran meningkat lagi menjadi 86,67%. Selain itu penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Think Pair Share mempunyai pengaruh positif, yaitu dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa yang ditunjukan dengan rata-rata jawaban siswa yang menyatakan bahwa siswa tertarik dan berminat dengan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Think Pair Share sehingga mereka menjadi termotivasi untuk belajar.Kata kunci: Peningkatan Hasil Belajar,PPKn, Think Pair Share