bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: 4‐OH‐TEMPO/TCQ/TBN/HCl: A Metal‐Free Catalytic System for Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols under Mild Conditions.
Authors: Dong Yanli , Zhao Xiaomei , Liu Renhua
Published: January 2016

The described catalytic system permits the selective aerobic oxidation of a wide range of both primary and secondary alcohols, which may also contain heteroatoms such as N and S or carbon‐carbon double bonds.
ChemInform Abstract: CFBSA: A Novel and Practical Chlorinating Reagent.
Authors: Lu Zehai , Li Qingwei , Tang Minghua , Jiang Panpan , Zheng Hao , Yang Xianjin
Published: January 2016

The fluorination of Chloramine B leads to the novel reagent CFBSA, which is successfully used for selective chlorination of a variety of carbonyl compounds, nitrogen‐containing aromatic heterocycles, anilines, and some other kinds of substrates (34 examples in all).
ChemInform Abstract: Product Control in Alkene Trifluoromethylation: Hydrotrifluoromethylation, Vinylic Trifluoromethylation, and Iodotrifluoromethylation Using Togni Reagent.
Authors: Egami Hiromichi , Usui Yoshihiko , Kawamura Shintaro , Nagashima Sayoko , Sodeoka Mikiko
Published: January 2016

Three distinct products, e.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd(II)‐Catalyzed Remote Regiodivergent ortho‐ and meta‐C—H Functionalizations of Phenylethylamines.
Authors: Li Shangda , Ji Huafang , Cai Lei , Li Gang
Published: January 2016

The title site selectivity control is achieved by using a cyanobenzoyl substituted amide as the directing group.
ChemInform Abstract: Room‐Temperature Decarboxylative Couplings of α‐Oxocarboxylates with Aryl Halides by Merging Photoredox with Palladium Catalysis.
Authors: Cheng Wan‐Min , Shang Rui , Yu Hai‐Zhu , Fu Yao
Published: January 2016

The title reaction provides access to a series of aromatic and heteroaromatic ketones (III) and (VI) as well as amides (IX) in good yields and with high functional‐group compatibility.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Intermolecular Oxidative Cross‐Coupling of Enolates.
Authors: Amaya Toru , Maegawa Yusuke , Masuda Takaya , Osafune Yuma , Hirao Toshikazu
Published: January 2016

Selective oxovanadium(V)‐induced cross‐coupling between boron and silyl enolates yields unsymmetrical 1,4‐diketones.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselective Calcium‐Catalyzed Direct Amidation of Carboxylic Esters.
Authors: Nguyen D. Thao , Lenstra Danny C. , Mecinovic Jasmin
Published: January 2016

The reaction works well with primary amines while secondary amines (e.g., piperidine, morpholine and N‐methylbenzylamine) do not undergo the amidation reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Alkenyl Acetates.
Authors: Gaertner Dominik , Stein Andre Luiz , Grupe Sabine , Arp Johannes , Jacobi von Wangelin Axel
Published: January 2016

The mild and ligand‐free title reaction of cyclic and acyclic mono‐, di‐ and, trisubstituted alkenes with alkyl and arylmagnesium halides has a very broad substrate scope and tolerates a diverse range of functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Diversity‐Oriented Synthesis of Tetrathia[8]circulenes by Sequential C—H Borylation and Annulation.
Authors: Kato Shohei , Serizawa Yuma , Sakamaki Daisuke , Seki Shu , Miyake Yoshihiro , Shinokubo Hiroshi
Published: January 2016

Synthesis of tetrathia[8]circulenes is achieved by sequential C—H borylation and annulation from cyclic tetrathiophene.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Trifluoromethylation of Aliphatic N‐Arylhydrazones: A Concise Synthetic Entry to 2‐Trifluoromethylindoles from Simple Aldehydes.
Authors: Prieto Alexis , Landart Melissa , Baudoin Olivier , Monteiro Nuno , Bouyssi Didier
Published: January 2016

The trifluoromethylation employing Togni reagent proceeds efficiently for aliphatic aldehyde‐derived substrates bearing the N,N‐diphenylamino group (Ami) as the terminal hydrazone amino group.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Synthesis of Styrenyl Enamides from 4‐Aryl‐2‐oxazolidinones in the Presence of Strong Base.
Authors: Zou Kaihe , Ye Jinxing , Wu Xin‐Yan
Published: January 2016

Starting from 4‐aryl substituted 2‐oxazolidinones, 2‐thioxooxazolidines or 2‐thioxothiazolidines a convenient method for the preparation of various N‐acyl styrenyl enamides is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: 4‐Dodecylbenzenesulfonic Acid (DBSA) Promoted Solvent‐Free Diversity‐Oriented Synthesis of Primary Carbamates, S‐Thiocarbamates and Ureas.
Authors: Sardarian Ali Reza , Inaloo Iman Dindarloo
Published: January 2016

A highly efficient and environmentally benign method for the synthesis of primary carbamates, S‐thiocarbamates, and ureas is introduced.
ChemInform Abstract: The Dual Role of 1,8‐Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec‐7‐ene (DBU) in the Synthesis of Terminal Aryl‐ and Styryl‐Acetylenes via Umpolung Reactivity.
Authors: Morri Ashok Kumar , Thummala Yadagiri , Doddi Venkata Ramana
Published: January 2016

The title synthesis proceeds via an elimination/umpolung/protonation sequence and doesn′t apply to the synthesis of alkyl‐acetylenes.
ChemInform Abstract: ortho‐Alkenylation of Anilines with Aromatic Terminal Alkynes over Nanosized Zeolite Beta.
Authors: Mameda Naresh , Peraka Swamy , Kodumuri Srujana , Chevella Durgaiah , Marri Mahender Reddy , Nama Narender
Published: January 2016

Arylacetylenes bearing a strong electron‐withdrawing group (e.g., ‐NO2, ‐CO‐O‐Me or ‐CF3 in para‐position) do not react.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile and Selective Procedure for Oxidation of Hydroquinones Using Silica Gel Supported Catalytic Cerium(IV) Ammonium Nitrate.
Authors: Ali Mohammed Hashmat , Welker Andrea , York Crystal
Published: January 2016

The method is found to be selective towards the oxidation of hydroquinones in the presence of phenols or other oxygenated arenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd/C‐Catalyzed Facile Synthesis of Primary Aromatic Amides by Aminocarbonylation of Aryl Iodides Using Ammonia Surrogates.
Authors: Mane Rajendra S. , Bhanage Bhalchandra M.
Published: January 2016

A simple and effective approach to primary amides (III) via phosphine‐ligand‐free Pd/C catalysis is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Triarylphosphines as Aryl Donors for Pd(II)‐Catalyzed Aromatic Coupling of Oxabenzonorbornadienes.
Authors: Zhou Hui , Li Jixing , Yang Huameng , Xia Chungu , Jiang Gaoxi
Published: January 2016

The title reaction gives aryl substituted naphthalenes as products [e.g. (III)] and tolerates various functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Bu4NI‐Catalyzed Direct α‐Oxyacylation of Diarylethanones with Acyl Peroxides.
Authors: Zhou Zhou , Cheng Jiang , Yu Jin‐Tao
Published: January 2016

The title reaction is conducted under mild conditions without metal or amine catalysts leading to α‐oxyacylated diarylethanones such as (III) and (V) in moderate to good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Synthesis of 2,5‐Disubstituted Furan‐3‐carboxylates and the Isomeric 2,4‐Disubstituted Furan‐3‐carboxylates.
Authors: Chen Panpan , Meng Yinggao , Yang Qinghua , Wu Jie , Xiao Yuanyuan , Gorja Dhilli Rao , Song Chuanjun , Chang Junbiao
Published: January 2016

2,5‐ or 2,4‐disubstituted furan‐3‐carboxylates are obtained depending on the treatment of 3‐substituted carboxylates with either Ag2CO3/DBU or Cs2CO3, resp.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Fluorolactonization with a Bifunctional Hydroxyl Carboxylate Catalyst.
Authors: Egami Hiromichi , Asada Junshi , Sato Kentaro , Hashizume Daisuke , Kawato Yuji , Hamashima Yoshitaka
Published: January 2016

A highly enantioselective fluorolactonization of ortho‐vinylbenzoic acids with Selectfluor and a bifunctional phase‐transfer organocatalyst provides (fluoromethyl)isobenzofuranones.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free [3 + 2] Oxidative Coupling of Phenols with Alkenes: Synthesis of Dihydrobenzofurans.
Authors: Zhao Yating , Huang Binbin , Yang Chao , Li Bing , Xia Wujiong
Published: January 2016

An environmentally benign and metal‐free [3+2]‐cycloaddition of phenols and styrenes with sodium persulfate as an oxidant affords dihydrobenzofurans.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted Pyrroles from Homopropargylic Amines via a Sonogashira Coupling/Intramolecular Hydroamination/Oxidation Sequence
Authors: Wang Chan , Huang Kaimeng , Wang Junying , Wang Hongkai , Liu Lingyan , Chang Weixing , Li Jing
Published: January 2016

26 examples
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Heteroaryl‐Substituted Pyrroles via the 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of Unsymmetrical Muenchnones and Nitrovinylheterocycles.
Authors: Lopchuk Justin M. , Song Mia , Butler Blythe , Gribble Gordon W.
Published: January 2016

1,3‐Dipolar cycloaddition of in situ generated muenchnones with appropriate β‐nitrovinyl hetaryls leads to 3‐furyl‐, 3‐thienyl‐, and 3‐pyrrolylpyrroles.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Aldol‐Type Direct Reaction of Isatins with TMSCH2CN.
Authors: Bhaskara Rao V. U. , Kumar Krishna , Singh Ravi P.
Published: January 2016

CsF catalyzed direct cyanomethylation of various isatins (I) and (IV) using TMSCH2CN (II) as nucleophile is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: The Synthetic Studies of Carbazole Alkaloids.
Authors: Yokoyama Hajime , Shoji Yuzen , Kubo Takayoshi , Miyazawa Masahiro , Hirai Yoshiro
Published: January 2016

3,4‐Disubstituted, 3‐substituted, and 4‐substituted carbazoles, advanced intermediates in the synthesis of natural carbazole alkaloids, are regioselectively synthesized by Diels—Alder reactions of indolines with alkynes.
ChemInform Abstract: A General Approach Towards NH‐Pyrazoles that Bear Diverse Fluoroalkyl Groups by Means of Fluorinated Iminium Salts.
Authors: Schmitt Etienne , Landelle Gregory , Vors Jean‐Pierre , Lui Norbert , Pazenok Sergiy , Leroux Frederic R.
Published: January 2016

The presented method is extremely versatile, high yielding, and allows quick access to the title compounds which are otherwise difficult to prepare.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Synthesis of Pyrazoles and Pyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidines: Structural Characterization by HMBC NMR.
Authors: Al‐Bogami Abdullah S. , Saleh Tamer S.
Published: January 2016

A rapid and efficient method for the regioselective synthesis of a new series of the title pyrazole (III) and pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives (V) via reaction of enamine (I) with hydrazines or 5‐aminopyrazoles, resp., under microwave irradiation conditions is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Switchable Copper‐Catalyzed Cascade Synthesis of Thiazolidine‐2‐thiones and Thiazole‐2(3H)‐thiones.
Authors: Weng Jian‐Quan , Yue Bin‐Jie , Xu Meng , Yang Yu‐Kun , Jin Hong‐Wei
Published: January 2016

The title reactions of N‐(2‐bromoallyl)amines with carbon disulfide are achieved selectively by simple adjustment of the reaction temperature.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient, Iron‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 2‐Mercaptobenzothiazole Through S‐Arylation/Heterocyclization of 2‐Haloaniline with Potassium Xanthate.
Authors: Gao Min , Lou Chunqing , Zhu Ning , Qin Weijing , Suo Quanling , Han Limin , Hong Hailong
Published: January 2016

A novel protocol for the synthesis of mercaptobenzothiazoles is presented that avoids conventionally used high pressure and harsh reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: A Copper(II)—Thioamide Combination as a Robust Heterogeneous Catalytic System for Green Synthesis of 1,4‐Disubstituted‐1,2,3‐triazoles under Click Conditions.
Authors: Mirjafary Zohreh , Ahmadi Leila , Moradi Masomeh , Saeidian Hamid
Published: January 2016

The catalyst is recyclable and reusable at least 7 times with only a slight decrease in yield.
ChemInform Abstract: TMSBr/InBr3‐Promoted Prins Cyclization/Homobromination of Dienyl Alcohol with Aldehyde to Construct cis‐THP Containing an Exocyclic E‐Alkene.
Authors: Li Linjie , Sun Xianwei , He Yanyang , Gao Lu , Song Zhenlei
Published: January 2016

The Prins cyclization/homobromination of dienyl alcohols (I) with aldehydes (II) and (VI) leads to intermediate THP bromides, which react readily with 2,5‐dinitrobenzoic acid to afford cis‐THP esters mainly as E‐alkenes (IV) and (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: Cascade Synthesis of Spirooxindole δ‐Lactone Derivatives Through N‐Aryl Hydroxymethylacrylamides with Xanthates
Authors: Wang Shucheng , Huang Xuhu , Wen Yanzhao , Ge Zemei , Wang Xin , Li Runtao
Published: January 2016

via radical addition/cyclization and ester exchange
ChemInform Abstract: A New and Efficient ZnCl2‐Catalyzed Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel 2‐Amino‐3,5‐dicyano‐4‐aryl‐6‐aryl‐aminopyridines as Potent Antibacterial Agents Against Helicobacter pylori (HP).
Authors: Huang Jijun , Zhou Jie , Song Senchuan , Song Huacan , Chen Zhiyong , Yi Wei
Published: January 2016

The cyclization of various benzylidenemalonitriles with arylamines provides the title products in high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: An Effective Two‐Step Synthesis, Fluorescent Properties, Antioxidant Activity and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Benzene‐Fluorinated 2,2‐Dimethyl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐quinolin‐4‐ones.
Authors: Politanskaya Larisa V. , Chuikov Igor P. , Tretyakov Evgeny V. , Shteingarts Vitalij D. , Ovchinnikova Ludmila P. , Zakharova Olga D. , Nevinsky Georgy A.
Published: January 2016

The title quinolinones are simply and effectively synthesized via Sonogashira reaction followed by cyclocondensation reaction of the corresponding o‐alkynylanilines.
ChemInform Abstract: Deformylative Intramolecular Hydroarylation: Synthesis of Benzo[e]pyrido[1,2‐a]indoles.
Authors: Jung Youngeun , Kim Ikyon
Published: January 2016

The title synthesis from indolizines bearing both formyl and aryl‐substituted alkyne groups [e.g. (I)] is realized under acid catalysis.
ChemInform Abstract: Sodium Perchlorate Catalyzed Synthesis of 2,4,6‐Trioxotetrahydropyrimidin‐5(2H)‐ylidene Derivatives as Antioxidant Agents.
Authors: Gireesh T. M. , Kamble Ravindra R. , Dorababu A. , Somagond Shilpa M.
Published: January 2016

The compounds (III) are easily formed from chalcones (I) appended to sydnone in the presence of sodium perchlorate as Lewis acid.
ChemInform Abstract: Lewis Acid Catalyzed Annulation of Nitrones with Oxiranes, Aziridines, and Thiiranes.
Authors: Pathipati Stalin R. , Singh Vipender , Eriksson Lars , Selander Nicklas
Published: January 2016

The annulation reactions proceeds in the presence of Al‐ or In‐catalysts under mild conditions to afford a wide variety of six‐membered heterocycles.
ChemInform Abstract: Aryne‐Mediated Arylation of the 3‐Benzazepine Scaffold: One‐Pot Synthesis of 1‐Aryl‐3‐methyl‐2,3,4,5‐tetrahydro‐1H‐3‐benzazepines.
Authors: Singh Kamal Nain , Singh Paramjit , Sharma Esha , Kaur Manjot , Deol Yadwinder Singh
Published: January 2016

The direct C‐1 arylation of benzazepines involves the nucleophilic addition of their β‐amino carbanions to in situ generated arynes.
ChemInform Abstract: Formation of C(sp2)—Boronate Esters by Borylative Cyclization of Alkynes Using BCl3.
Authors: Warner Andrew J. , Lawson James R. , Fasano Valerio , Ingleson Michael J.
Published: January 2016

A wide range of substituted alkynes are converted to the corresponding polycyclic boronate esters by using BCl3 as an inexpensive electrophile.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Benzimidazole‐Substituted Arylboronic Acids via Aerobic Oxidation of 1,2‐Arylenediamines and Formyl‐Substituted Aryl MIDA Boronates Using Potassium Iodide as a Catalyst.
Authors: Lee Ye‐Sol , Cheon Cheol‐Hong
Published: January 2016

A highly efficient new protocol for the synthesis of benzimidazole‐substituted arylboronic acids is presented via aerobic oxidative cyclization of aryldiamines and formyl‐substituted aryl MIDA (N‐methyliminodiacetic acid) boronates in the presence of potassium iodide as catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Dilithio Reagents with PhSiH3: Formation of Siloles and 3‐Silacyclopentenes.
Authors: Wei Baosheng , Li Heng , Yin Jianhao , Zhang Wen‐Xiong , Xi Zhenfeng
Published: January 2016

Depending on the solvent either siloles or silacyclopentenes are obtained.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Bromine—Lithium Exchange: Application Toward the Synthesis of New Biaryl‐Diphosphine Ligands.
Authors: Graff Julien , Lastawiecka Elzbieta , Guenee Laure , Leroux Frederic , Alexakis Alexandre
Published: January 2016

Twelve novel chiral biphenyl‐diphosphine ligands, e.g. compounds (III), (V), and (VI), are prepared starting from the common precursor (I).
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Catalytic Procedure for Direct Synthesis of Arylselanyl Anilines.
Authors: Yu Chen , Shi Hongwei , Zhu Min , Yan Jie
Published: January 2016

A novel process for the regioselective selanylation of the para‐position of anilines with diphenyl and dibenzyl diselenide under oxidizing conditions is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Nematicidal Triterpenoids from Lantana camara.
Authors: Begum Sabira , Ayub Anjum , Shaheen Siddiqui Bina , Fayyaz Shahina , Kazi Firoza
Published: January 2016

isolation, structure and nematicidal activities of the new triterpene, lancamarolide (I), and seven known triterpenes
ChemInform Abstract: Involucratustones A—C: Unprecedented Sesquiterpene Dimers Containing Multiple Contiguous Quaternary Carbons from Stahlianthus involucratus.
Authors: Li Qiang‐Ming , Luo Jian‐Guang , Zhang Yang‐Mei , Li Zhong‐Rui , Wang Xiao‐Bing , Yang Ming‐Hua , Luo Jun , Sun Hong‐Bin , Chen Yi‐Jun , Kong Ling‐Yi
Published: January 2016

Isolation, structure elucidation, possible biosynthesis, and biological activities of the three new cadinane dimers (I)—(III) are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct One‐Pot Synthesis of Nucleosides from Unprotected or 5‐O‐Monoprotected D‐Ribose.
Authors: Downey A. Michael , Richter Celin , Pohl Radek , Mahrwald Rainer , Hocek Michal
Published: January 2016

The unprotected D‐ribose (I) reacts with nucleobases [e.g. (II)] to give β‐pyranosyl nucleosides [e.g. (III)] as the major products and β‐furanosides [e.g. (IV)] as the minor products.
ChemInform Abstract: Penchinones A—D, Two Pairs of cis‐trans Isomers with Rearranged Neolignane Carbon Skeletons from Penthorum chinense.
Authors: He Ya‐Cong , Peng Cheng , Xie Xiao‐Fang , Chen Ming‐Hua , Li Xiao‐Nian , Li Meng‐Ting , Zhou Qin‐Mei , Guo Li , Xiong Liang
Published: January 2016

Penchinone A (Ia) shows protective activity against acetaminophen‐induced damage to the HL7702 hepatocyte (MTT assay) with a survival rate up to 91% for a dose of 10 μM.
ChemInform Abstract: Flavones from the Leaves of Yunnan Local Sun Cured Tobacco and Their Cytotoxicity.
Authors: Wu Yu‐Ping , Kong Guang‐Hui , Li Wei , Xiang Neng‐Jun , Liu Li‐Xuang , Yang Guo‐Rong , Lu Xiu‐Ping , Liu Qiang
Published: January 2016

Two new flavones (I) are isolated from the leaves of the title species along with four known flavones.
ChemInform Abstract: Geopolymerization and Its Potential Application in Mine Tailings Consolidation: A Review
Authors: Rao Feng , Liu Qi
Published: January 2016

Review: 83 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: An Element Through the Looking Glass: Exploring the Au‐C, Au‐H and Au‐O Energy Landscape
Authors: Rosca Dragos‐Adrian , Wright Joseph A. , Bochmann Manfred
Published: January 2016

Review: emphasis on recently discovered gold(III) complexes with bonds to hydrogen, oxgen, alkenes and CO ligands; 206 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Versatile Ruthenium(II/III) Tetraazamacrocycle Complexes and Their Nitrosyl Derivatives
Authors: Doro Fabio Gorzoni , Ferreira Kleber Queiroz , da Rocha Zenis Novais , Caramori Giovanni Finoto , Gomes Anderson Jesus , Tfouni Elia
Published: January 2016

Review: 249 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Luminescent Copper(I) Complexes with Halogenido‐Bridged Dimeric Core
Authors: Tsuge Kiyoshi , Chishina Yuko , Hashiguchi Hanako , Sasaki Yoichi , Kato Masako , Ishizaka Shoji , Kitamura Noboru
Published: January 2016

Review: 145 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Redox Cycling in the Activation of Peroxides by Iron Porphyrin and Manganese Complexes. ′Catching′ Catalytic Active Intermediates
Authors: Oszajca Maria , Franke Alicja , Brindell Malgorzata , Stochel Grazyna , van Eldik Rudi
Published: January 2016

Review: 261 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Strong Bonds Made Weak: Towards the General Utility of Amides as Synthetic Modules
Authors: Ruider Stefan A. , Maulide Nuno
Published: January 2016

Review: [9 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Active Biopolymers in Green Non‐Conventional Media: A Sustainable Tool for Developing Clean Chemical Processes
Authors: Lozano Pedro , Bernal Juana M. , Nieto Susana , Gomez Celia , Garcia‐Verdugo Eduardo , Luis Santiago V.
Published: January 2016

Review: [106 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Natural Products as Source of Therapeutics Against Parasitic Diseases
Authors: Hertweck Christian
Published: January 2016

Review: 14 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Triplet Excited State of Bodipy: Formation, Modulation and Application
Authors: Zhao Jianzhang , Xu Kejing , Yang Wenbo , Wang Zhijia , Zhong Fangfang
Published: January 2016

Review: [246 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Ten‐Vertex Dicarbaboranes from Nido‐5,6‐C2B8H12
Authors: Stibr Bohumil
Published: January 2016

Review: 71 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Complexing Agents Derived from Ammonia and Ethylene Diamine and Containing Carboxyl and Secondary Amino Groups
Authors: Tsirul'nikova N. V. , Podmareva O. N. , Dernovaya E. S. , Fetisova T. S. , Rodin M. M.
Published: January 2016

Review: 57 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Searching for Improved Photoreleasing Abilities of Organic Molecules
Authors: Solomek Tomas , Wirz Jakob , Klan Petr
Published: January 2016

Review: 54 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Carbyne: The Molecular Approach
Authors: Tykwinski Rik R.
Published: January 2016

Review: new methods and stabilization motifs for the synthesis of longer polyynes and cumulenes; 115 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Heterometallic Rings: Their Physics and Use as Supramolecular Building Blocks
Authors: McInnes Eric J. L. , Timco Grigore A. , Whitehead George F. S. , Winpenny Richard E. P.
Published: January 2016

Review: [86 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Supramolecular Chemistry in Microflow Fields: Toward a New Material World of Precise Kinetic Control
Authors: Numata Munenori
Published: January 2016

Review: [22 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Metallosupramolecular Receptors for Fullerene Binding and Release
Authors: Garcia‐Simon Cristina , Costas Miquel , Ribas Xavi
Published: January 2016

Review: strategies for fullerene separation and purification mediated by supramolecular metallocages; 51 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Structurally Flexible C3‐Symmetric Receptors for Molecular Recognition and Their Self‐Assembly Properties
Authors: Singh Ashutosh S. , Sun Shih‐Sheng
Published: January 2016

Review: [57 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances of Pore System Construction in Zeolite‐Catalyzed Chemical Industry Processes
Authors: Shi Jing , Wang Yangdong , Yang Weimin , Tang Yi , Xie Zaiku
Published: January 2016

Review: 220 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Theoretical Insight into the Selectivities of Copper‐Catalyzing Heterogeneous Reduction of Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Sun Xitong , Cao Xiaoming , Hu P.
Published: January 2016

Review: 74 refs.
Good decision‐making starts with policy
Authors: Hodges Dawn Z.
Published: January 2016

Academic leaders make hundreds, maybe thousands of decisions every semester, some more important than others. Good decision‐making is a skill that can be developed.
Understand latest updates to student‐veteran legislation
Authors: Sutton Halley
Published: January 2016

ANAHEIM, CALIF. — Stay on top of these legislative updates regarding student‐veterans to make sure that your campus is serving student‐veterans effectively while avoiding potentially costly fines or audits. In a session at the recent Pacific Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers annual conference, Chryssa Jones, veterans services coordinator for the University of California, Riverside and public relations chair for the National Association of Veterans' Program Administrators, shared recent updates to legislation affecting student‐veterans on college and university campuses.
Ensure quality for adult programs by incorporating high‐impact practices
Authors: Hope Joan
Published: January 2016

BALTIMORE — Access to higher education for adult learners has improved dramatically in past years, said Marguerite Weber, vice president for adult and professional programs at Cabrini College. But are programs for adult learners as focused on quality as those for traditional‐aged students? “We've come a long way in assessing for quality, but do we always make it the highest priority?” she asked.
Synthesis of a Luminescent Azaphosphole
Authors: Wu Shanshan , Rheingold Arnold L. , Golen James A. , Grimm Alexandra B. , Protasiewicz John D.
Published: January 2016

A carbazole‐based azaphosphole (compound 3) has been prepared by acid‐catalyzed dehydrocyclization of 1‐phosphino‐9H‐carbazole (2) with benzoyl chloride. Unlike other benzazaphospholes having σ2,λ3‐multiply bonded phosphorus atoms, compound 3 displays significant fluorescence in solution, as does primary phosphine 2. Compound 3, as well as the materials on route to its synthesis, were characterized by multinuclear NMR, UV/Vis, and fluorescence spectroscopy. The optical data of 2 and 3 are consistent with results of DFT and TDDFT [6‐311G+(d,p) CAMB3LYP] calculations. The computed structure of compound 3′ (R = Ph) is also consistent with the experimental X‐ray structural determination, which reveals a planar heterocyclic system and slight rotation of the p‐tolyl group out of plane with respect to the heterocyclic core.
A Push–Pull PdII Complex with a Ternary Pd–P–C+ Accepting End and a Key N‐Heterocyclic Carbene–Imid­azoliophosphine Ligand
Authors: Dubrulle Laurent , Poidevin Corentin , Maaliki Carine , Canac Yves , Lepetit Christine , Duhayon Carine , Chauvin Remi
Published: January 2016

Invited for the cover of this issue is the group of Remi Chauvin from the Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, Toulouse, France. The cover image shows the polarization of a neutral PdII complex in three steps presented on three levels of the marine background.
Maximize prospect engagement with these best practices
Authors: Burton Emma
Published: January 2016

With the number of college‐bound high school graduates reaching its lowest point in several decades, the competition for undergraduate and graduate students has become fierce. And while institutions compete for a shrinking applicant pool, they must now also capture the hearts and minds of a new generation of prospective students who are more digitally savvy and have higher “consumer” expectations than any generation before them. These Generation Zers are digital natives, accustomed to having information at their fingertips, near‐instantaneous response, and highly relevant and targeted consumer experiences for most of their lives.
Effect of Spinel Inversion on (CoxFe1−x)3O4 All‐Oxide Solar Cell Performance
Authors: Yan Zhi , Keller David A. , Rietwyk Kevin J. , Barad Hannah‐Noa , Majhi Koushik , Ginsburg Adam , Anderson Assaf Y. , Zaban Arie
Published: January 2016

Oxide materials have been widely investigated for use as absorber layers in high‐performance solar cells, and in this study combinatorial methods were used to specifically investigate cobalt–iron (Co–Fe) oxide composites. Structural inversion of Co–Fe oxides from a normal to an inverse spinel structure occurs at the critical composition of approximately 33 % Fe added to Co, causing changes in the crystallinity, symmetry, sub‐lattice vibrational modes, optical bandgap, and electrical resistivity. When used as an absorber layer in all‐oxide solar cells with the multi‐layered geometry of glass|FTO|TiO2|Co–Fe–O|Au, enhanced photovoltaic performance was observed, with a maximum Voc of 534 mV at a composition of approximately 45 % Fe and a 200 % improvement in Pmax compared to cobalt‐rich devices. Using combinatorial data maps of the various material properties, a significant correlation between the solar cell properties and the chemical composition of the Co–Fe–O layer was revealed. This correlation allows for a better understanding of the Co–Fe–O system, which is a necessary step towards the development of Co–Fe–O‐based all‐oxide solar cells.
Lost Foraging Opportunities for East Asian Hunter‐Gatherers Due to Rising Sea Level Since the Last Glacial Maximum
Authors: d'Alpoim Guedes Jade , Austermann Jacqueline , Mitrovica Jerry X.
Published: January 2016

This paper explores how changes in sea level and biome distribution may have affected the habitats occupied by hunter‐gatherers in East Asia. Using a model‐based reconstruction of changing sea level from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to present day, our analysis reveals that the exposure of a large continental shelf during the LGM sea level lowstand created a wealth of wooded, estuarine, and coastal biomes that could have been exploited intensively by Late Pleistocene hunter‐gatherers. Models explaining hunter‐gatherer subsistence changes and migrations in this period should take into account the large area that has been lost to rising sea level since the LGM.
High‐frequency streamflow acquisition and bed level/flow angle estimates in a mountainous river using shallow‐water acoustic tomography
Authors: Kawanisi Kiyosi , Bahrainimotlagh Masoud , Al Sawaf Mohamad Basel , Razaz Mahdi
Published: January 2016

The acquisition of reliable discharge estimates is crucial in hydrological studies. This study demonstrates a promising acoustic method for measuring streamflow at high sampling rate for a long period using the fluvial acoustic tomography system (FATS). The FATS recently emerged as an innovative technique for continuous measurements of streamflow. In contrast to the traditional point/transect measurements of discharge, the FATS enables the depth‐averaged and range‐averaged flow velocity along the ray path to be measured in a fraction of a second. The field test was conducted in a shallow gravel‐bed river (0.9 m deep under low‐flow conditions, 115 m wide) for 1 month. The parameters (stream direction and bottom elevation) required for calculating the streamflow were deduced by a nonlinear regression to the discharge data from the well‐established rating curve. The cross‐sectional average velocities were automatically calculated from the acoustic data, which were collected on both riverbanks every 30 s. The FATS was connected to the internet so that the real‐time flow data could be obtained. The FATS captured discharge variations at a cut‐off frequency of approximately 70 day−1. The stream exhibited temporal discharge changes at multiple time scales ranging from a few tens of minutes to days. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reenvisioning velocity reversal as a diversity of hydraulic patch behaviours
Authors: Strom Michael A. , Pasternack Gregory B. , Wyrick Joshua R.
Published: January 2016

Past research investigated the surpassing of mean velocity at riffle cross sections by that at pool cross sections for flows up to bankfull, termed ‘velocity reversals’, to understand one mechanism by which riffle–pool relief is maintained. This study reenvisioned the classic velocity reversal by documenting stage‐dependent changes to the locations of peak velocity without cross sections. Instead, the dynamics of peak velocity patches were considered for flows spanning 0.2 to 22 times bankfull discharge through the use of a high‐resolution DEM and two‐dimensional hydrodynamic modelling. A remarkable diversity in peak velocity patch behaviour was found across discharges, including gradual expansion and shifting as well as abrupt disappearance and emergence relative to the low‐flow patch locations. These behaviours blended together to varying degrees to produce many reversals in peak velocity across morphological units, but it took substantially higher than bankfull discharge for peak velocities to move from riffles and chutes to fast glides and pools. The discharges at which reversals occurred among morphological units were significantly higher for the valley‐confined reach than for the anastomosing reach. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Farmers’ Water Management Practice and Effective Rainfall and Runoff Ratio of Paddy Fields
Authors: Choi Dong‐Ho , Jung Jae‐Woon , Yoon Kwang‐Sik , Baek Won‐Jin , Choi Woo‐Jung
Published: January 2016

Effective rainfall, which is used in paddy fields under farmers’ current water management practices, was monitored during the 2008–2012 period in southern Korea. The two paddy fields (HY and JS) studied have an area of 13.69 and 8.06 ha, respectively and are composed of several paddy plots separated by irrigation canals and drains. At the HY site, the effective rainfall ranged from 446 to 794 mm and averaged 567 mm. At the JS site, effective rainfall ranged from 288 to 553 mm and averaged 426 mm. Approximately 64 and 45% of the rainfall for HY and JS, respectively, was used for crop growing in the paddy fields. These amounts were less than the recommended rainwater harvesting criteria in Korea. Since the height of the bund for each paddy plot is approximately 100–300 mm, the plots have sufficient space to hold rainfall; despite this, the field data indicate that rainfall was not used efficiently. This study confirms that farmers have little incentive to use rainfall effectively for rice paddy culture because they can use irrigation water at no charge. Some measures, such as water pricing, incentives for rainwater harvesting, improvement of drainage facilities, and further monitoring of water‐use practices need to be adopted to improve water management efficiency. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of Irrigation Volume and Saline Water On Maize Yield and Soil in Southern Italy
Authors: Leogrande Rita , Vitti Carolina , Lopedota Ornella , Ventrella Domenico , Montemurro Francesco
Published: January 2016

A field experiment was carried out in southern Italy to investigate the effects of irrigation and salinity on a maize crop and soil properties. The experiment was laid out comparing different irrigation rates (I1, I2, I3—re‐establishing 50, 75 and 100% of the calculated maximum evapotranspiration) and water quality (FW, fresh water and SW, saline water).

Grain yield was significantly greater by 60% in 2008 than in 2010. No significant difference was shown for grain yield between the irrigation treatments, whereas water productivity decreased significantly with increasing irrigation rates. Irrigation with saline water did not significantly reduce grain yield compared with fresh water, but it improved grain quality with higher protein content (9.1%) and lower grain moisture percentage (13.3%).

Saline water determined a significant increase of saturated soil paste extract Na, ECe, SAR, some exchangeable cations and ESP compared with FW in both years. Furthermore, at the end of the experiment these parameters were lower than those at the end of the first maize crop. Lastly, in the saline treatment, at the end of the trial, the ECe and ESP values were below the critical threshold for soil salinization and/or sodification. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effect of brief delays to reinforcement on the acquisition of tacts in children with autism
Authors: Majdalany Lina , Wilder David A. , Smeltz Lindsay , Lipschultz Joshua
Published: January 2016

We used discrete‐trial training to teach 3 children with autism to tact shapes of countries using 3 levels of reinforcement delay for correct responding: 0 s (immediate delivery), 6 s, and 12 s. Two of the 3 participants acquired the targets more quickly in the immediate‐delivery condition, suggesting that delays as brief as 6 s may be detrimental to learning tacts for some children.
Evaluation of multiple‐alternative prompts during tact training
Authors: Leaf Justin B. , Townley‐Cochran Donna , Mitchell Erin , Milne Christine , Alcalay Aditt , Leaf Jeremy , Leaf Ron , Taubman Mitch , McEachin John , Oppenheim‐Leaf Misty L.
Published: January 2016

This study compared 2 methods of fading prompts while teaching tacts to 3 individuals who had been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The 1st method involved use of an echoic prompt and prompt fading. The 2nd method involved providing multiple‐alternative answers and fading by increasing the difficulty of the discrimination. An adapted alternating‐treatments design showed that both procedures were more effective than a no‐intervention control condition. Providing multiple alternatives did not increase error rates or teaching time, and better maintenance was shown for tacts taught with the multiple‐alternative prompt.
Pre‐conditioning with near infrared photobiomodulation reduces inflammatory cytokines and markers of oxidative stress in cochlear hair cells
Authors: Bartos Adam , Grondin Yohann , Bortoni Magda E. , Ghelfi Elisa , Sepulveda Rosalinda , Carroll James , Rogers Rick A.
Published: January 2016

Hearing loss is a serious occupational health problem worldwide. Noise, aminoglycoside antibiotics and chemotherapeutic drugs induce hearing loss through changes in metabolic functions resulting in sensory cell death in the cochlea. Metabolic sequelae from noise exposure increase production of nitric oxide (NO) and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) contributing to higher levels of oxidative stress beyond the physiologic threshold levels of intracellular repair. Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy is a light treatment involving endogenous chromophores commonly used to reduce inflammation and promote tissue repair. Near infrared light (NIR) from Light Emitting Diodes (LED) at 810 nm wavelength were used as a biochemical modulator of cytokine response in cultured HEI‐OC1 auditory cells placed under oxidative stress. Results reported here show that NIR PBM at 810 nm, 30 mW/cm2, 100 seconds, 1.0 J, 3 J/cm2 altered mitochondrial metabolism and oxidative stress response for up to 24 hours post treatment. We report a decrease of inflammatory cytokines and stress levels resulting from NIR applied to HEI‐OC1 auditory cells before treatment with gentamicin or lipopolysaccharide. These results show that cells pretreated with NIR exhibit reduction of proinflammatory markers that correlate with inhibition of mitochondrial superoxide, ROS and NO in response to continuous oxidative stress challenges. Non‐invasive biomolecular down regulation of proinflammatory intracellular metabolic pathways and suppression of oxidative stress via NIR may have the potential to develop novel therapeutic approaches to address noise exposure and ototoxic compounds associated with hearing loss.

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Novel organ‐slice culturing system to simulate meniscal repair: Proof of concept using a synovium‐based pool of meniscoprogenitor cells
Authors: Hunziker Ernst B. , Lippuner Kurt , Keel Marius J. B. , Shintani Nahoko
Published: January 2016

Meniscal injuries can occur secondary to trauma or be instigated by the changes in knee‐joint function that are associated with aging, osteo‐ and rheumatoid arthritis, disturbances in gait, and obesity. Sixty percent of persons over 50 years of age manifest signs of meniscal pathology. The surgical and arthroscopic measures that are currently implemented to treat meniscal deficiencies bring only transient relief from pain and effect but a temporary improvement in joint function. Although tissue‐engineering‐based approaches to meniscal repair are now being pursued, an appropriate in‐vitro model has not been conceived. The aim of this study was to develop an organ‐slice culturing system to simulate the repair of human meniscal lesions in vitro. The model consists of a ring of bovine meniscus enclosing a chamber that represents the defect and reproduces its sequestered physiological microenvironment. The defect, which is closed with a porous membrane, is filled with fragments of synovial tissue, as a source of meniscoprogenitor cells, and a fibrin‐embedded, calcium‐phosphate‐entrapped depot of the meniscogenic agents BMP‐2 and TGF‐β1. After culturing for 2 to 6 weeks, the constructs were evaluated histochemically and histomorphometrically, as well as immunohistochemically, for the apoptotic marker caspase 3 and collagen types I and II. Under the defined conditions, the fragments of synovium underwent differentiation into meniscal tissue, which bonded with the parent meniscal wall. Both the parent and the neoformed meniscal tissue survived the duration of the culturing period without significant cell losses. The concept on which the in‐vitro system is based was thus validated. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:1588–1596, 2016.
Altered amino acid profile of arbuscular mycorrhizal maize plants under low temperature stress
Authors: Zhu Xiancan , Song Fengbin , Liu Fulai
Published: January 2016

We investigated the effect of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) on amino acid concentration and composition of maize plants under low‐temperature stress. The AM plants had higher amino acid concentrations than the non‐AM pants. The concentrations of Thr, Lys, Gly, Ala, His, and Ile of the AM plants were higher than non‐AM plants. The results show that low‐temperature stress decreased the concentrations of amino acids and altered their composition.
A New Concept in Picosecond Lasers
Authors: Hohmuth Rico , Burdack Peer , Limpert Jens
Published: January 2016

Over the last decade, mode‐locked laser sources in the ten picosecond pulse regime expanded into medical applications and high‐precision micro‐material machining. However, the complexity and the alignment sensitivity of picosecond lasers translated to higher cost and impeded a broader market entry. The goal of the iPLASE project was to develop a novel laser concept (Fig. 1) which is capable of generating sub‐10 picosecond pulses. To this end, we shortened the pulses of a novel amplified microchip laser using a pulse compressor. This article outlines the key achievements of the project.
Is it Cold Enough, Yet?
Authors: Mayerhofer Roland , May Andrew B. , Serbin Jürgen
Published: January 2016

Ultrashort‐pulse (USP) lasers have, since the late 1990s, been an exciting technology looking for opportunities to gain mass market application in industrial materials processing. In recent years, a wide range of new products offering innovative architectures and higher pulse energy combined with high pulsing frequencies are finding many uses in regular manufacturing, where they make components with unprecedented quality, accuracy and speed without visible signs of thermal interaction during the cutting or drilling process. Owing to the short duration of the pulses, the laser energy can be input to the material in a shorter time than heat can be transferred — leading to cutting and ablation without dross, burr or visible melt damage.
Behavior of anastomozed vessels and transferred flaps after anastomosed site infection in head and neck microsurgical reconstruction
Authors: Kubo Tateki , Matsuda Ken , Kiya Koichiro , Hosokawa Ko
Published: January 2016

Objective

This report evaluates the behavior of anastomosed vessels and transferred flaps after anastomosed site infection in head and neck reconstruction.

Patients and methods

Eleven free‐flap cases after infection at the vascular pedicle site were included, the patency of which was observed macroscopically after re‐exploration and pus drainage. Location was in the tongue (5 cases), oropharynx (3 cases), mouth floor (1 case), mandible (1 case), and hypopharynx (1 case). Transferred flaps originated from rectus abdominis (3 cases), anterolateral thigh (3 cases), radial forearm (3 cases), jejunum (1 case), and latissimus dorsi (1 case). Days for infection found were ranged 3–14 days postoperatively. Causes of infection were the salivary fistula formation in 5 cases, and precise etiology was not defined in the other 6 cases.

Results

Disruption of the vascular pedicles occurred with high frequency after infection. Disruption of vein occurred most frequently (5 cases), followed by both artery and vein (2 cases) and artery only (1 case). Of the eight flaps, two flaps failed, but the other six flaps survived despite pedicle disruption, indicating overall survival of nine flaps after pedicle site infection. Five of the nine survived cases were healed with simple washing and ointment application. However, the other four patients, whose cause of infection was a salivary fistula, needed second flap transfer to treat those fistulas.

Conclusion

Disruption of anastomosed vessels can occur with high frequency after infection, causing subsequent flap loss. Therefore, surgeons need to deal with pedicle site infection to save the flap. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 36:658–663, 2016.
A Random Forest Model for Predicting Allosteric and Functional Sites on Proteins
Authors: Chen Ava S.‐Y. , Westwood Nicholas J. , Brear Paul , Rogers Graeme W. , Mavridis Lazaros , Mitchell John B. O.
Published: January 2016

We created a computational method to identify allosteric sites using a machine learning method trained and tested on protein structures containing bound ligand molecules. The Random Forest machine learning approach was adopted to build our three‐way predictive model. Based on descriptors collated for each ligand and binding site, the classification model allows us to assign protein cavities as allosteric, regular or orthosteric, and hence to identify allosteric sites. 43 structural descriptors per complex were derived and were used to characterize individual protein‐ligand binding sites belonging to the three classes, allosteric, regular and orthosteric. We carried out a separate validation on a further unseen set of protein structures containing the ligand 2‐(N‐cyclohexylamino) ethane sulfonic acid (CHES).
Propagation of Rayleigh waves in fluid‐saturated non‐homogeneous soils with the graded solid skeleton distribution
Authors: Zhou Fengxi , Ma Qiang
Published: January 2016

The propagation characteristic of Rayleigh waves in a fluid‐saturated non‐homogeneous poroelastic half‐plane is addressed. Based on Biot's theory for fluid‐saturated media, which takes the inertia, fluid viscosity, mechanical coupling, compressibility of solid grains, and fluid into account, the dispersion equations of Rayleigh waves in fluid‐saturated non‐homogeneous soils/rocks are established. By considering the shear modulus of solid skeleton variation with depth exponentially, a small parameter, which reflects the relative change of shear modulus, is introduced. The asymptotic solution of the dispersion equation expressing the relationship between the phase velocity and wave number is obtained by using the perturbation method. In order to analyze the effects of non‐homogeneity on the propagation characteristic of Rayleigh waves, the variation of the phase velocity with the wave number is presented graphically and discussed through numerical examples. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In vivo diffusion MRS investigation of non‐water molecules in biological tissues
Authors: Cao Peng , Wu Ed X.
Published: January 2016

Diffusion MRS of non‐water molecules offers great potential in directly revealing various tissue microstructures and physiology at both cellular and subcellular levels. In brain, 1H diffusion MRS has been demonstrated as a new tool for probing normal tissue microstructures and their pathological changes. In skeletal muscle, 1H diffusion MRS could characterize slow and restricted intramyocellular lipid diffusion, providing a sensitive marker for metabolic alterations, while 31P diffusion MRS can measure ATP and PCr diffusion, which may reflect the capacity of cellular energy transport, complementing the information from frequently used 31P MRS in muscle. In intervertebral disk, 1H diffusion MRS can directly monitor extracellular matrix integrity by quantifying the mobility of macromolecules such as proteoglycans and collagens. In tumor tissue, 13C diffusion MRS could probe intracellular glycolytic metabolism, while 1H diffusion MRS may separate the spectrally overlapped lactate and lipid resonances. In this review, recent diffusion MRS studies of these biologically relevant non‐water molecules under normal and diseased conditions will be presented. Technical considerations for diffusion MRS experiments will be discussed. With advances in MRI hardware and diffusion methodology, diffusion MRS of non‐water molecules is expected to provide increasingly valuable and biologically specific information on tissue microstructures and physiology, complementing the traditional diffusion MRI of small and ubiquitous water molecules. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.