bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reflections on: "The diagnosis of bipolar disorder in pre-pubertal children—what was the controversy about and what did we learn as a result?"
Authors: James Anthony
Published: April 2020

It can be argued that the controversy over paediatric bipolar disorder has been useful in highlighting the issue of bipolar disorder in youths generally. Arising out of this controversy is the recognition that, besides a more uniformed approach to diagnosis, the issue of the disparity in treatments between the US and UK, especially psychopharmacology, needs addressing.
Perceptions of implementation of Massachusetts sports concussion regulations: results of a survey of athletic directors
Authors: Howland Jonathan , Campbell Julia , Brown Linda , Torres Alcy , Olshaker Jonathan , Pearson Richard , Hess Courtney
Published: April 2020

Background

In 2011 the Massachusetts Department of Public Health issued regulations pursuant to 2010 Massachusetts youth sports concussion legislation that provided policies and procedures for persons engaged in the prevention, training, management, and return-to-activity for students who sustain head injury during interscholastic athletics, including Athletic Directors (ADs).

Methods

A survey instrument was developed with participation from injury prevention experts at the Boston University School of Medicine, the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, and ADs. An electronic survey was sent to all AD members of the Massachusetts Interscholastic Athletic Association to assess their perceptions of implementation of the sports concussion law.

Results

Response rate was 75% (260/346). The mean rating on a 0–10 scale (10 being “very important”) on importance of the law for student safety was 9.24, and the mean rating of the law’s impact on workload was 5.54. Perceived impact on workload varied as a function of whether or not the school also employed an athletic trainer (t = 2.24, p = 0.03). Most respondents (88%) reported that their school had a concussion management team, and 74% reported that they were informed “always” (31%) or “often” (43%) when a student-athlete experienced a head injury in a venue other than extracurricular sports. Most respondents (95%) endorsed that “all” or “most” school nurses were “very knowledgeable” about the law and regulations. Approximately half of all respondents endorsed that “all” or “most” teachers and guidance counselors were “very knowledgeable” about the law and regulations; 76% endorsed that “all” or “most” of students’ physicians were “very knowledgeable” about the law and regulations; 59% endorsed that “all” or “most” parents were “very knowledgeable” about the law and regulations. Sixty-six percent endorsed that student-athletes with concussion “often” (10%) or “sometimes” (56%) misrepresent their symptoms to accelerate return-to-play; and, 70% perceived that student-athletes with concussion “often” (15%) or “sometimes” (55%) misrepresent their symptoms to avoid academics.

Conclusions

ADs perceive the sports concussion legislation as very important to student safety and positively assess implementation of the law and associated regulations. More effort is needed to increase understanding of the law among stakeholders including teachers, parents, and physicians.
The Effect of Training Experience and Leg Dominance on the Prevalence of Asymptomatic Intraarticular Changes of the Knee Joints in Adult Professional Male Soccer Players
Authors: Bezuglov Eduard Nikolayevich , Khaitin Vladimir Yurevich , Lyubushkina Anastasiya Vladimirovna , Lazarev Artemii Mikhailovich , Gorinov Artem Valerievich , Sivakova Elena Yurevna , Rumiantseva Elizaveta Ilinichna , Lychagin Alexey Vladimirovich
Published: April 2020

Background

Currently, no data is available regarding the association between professional experience or limb dominance and the prevalence of asymptomatic knee joint lesions in adult professional male soccer players.

Hypothesis

The prevalence of the accumulated changes increases with training experience. This is especially true for the dominant leg, which is involved in a large proportion of the athletes’ movements.

Study Design

Level 2 cross-sectional cohort study

Methods

MRI was used to assess the condition of 94 knee joints in 47 adult professional male soccer players (mean age 25.7 ± 4.6 years, BMI 22.8 ± 1.4). Previous surgery on joints was an exclusion criterion. No football player had knee injuries (including fresh bruises) for at least 3 months before the examination. All the scans were performed using a 1.5T MRI scanner and a slice thickness of 3 mm. The images were blindly analyzed by two experienced radiologists. We analyzed all the three compartments of the knee joint. We consider a chondral lesion already from grade I in modified Noyes and Stabler classification system. To assess the influence of soccer training experience, all players were divided into two groups: group 1 formed from players with less than 20 years of experience and group 2 with more than 20 years of experience.

Results

One hundred percent of the soccer players had at least one chondral and meniscal lesion.

In both legs, the posterior horn of the medial meniscus (95.6%) was the most frequent site of injury. Most of the injuries were classified as grade II injuries (73.3% for the dominant and 75.6% for the non-dominant leg).

Experience and age of the athletes significantly increased the probability of subcortical bone lesions. They were significantly positively correlated with the grades of patellar lesions and lesions of the patellar surface of the femur and significantly negatively correlated with the grades of lesions of posterior horn of lateral meniscus and anterior horn of medial meniscus.

No statistically significant differences in the prevalence and grades of cartilage and meniscal lesions in the dominant and non-dominant limb were observed.

Conclusion

Soccer practice is associated with the increased prevalence of asymptomatic chondral and meniscal lesions.

The probability of subcortical bone lesions significantly increases with training experience and age. These factors are also positively correlated with the grades of patellar lesions and lesions of the patellar surface of the femur.

The prevalence and grade of asymptomatic chondral and meniscal lesions is independent of leg dominance.
Construct freeform surface directly in an initial layout of an off-axis reflective image system by seed curve extension and simulated annealing algorithm
Authors: Pan Hongxiang , Su Zhouping , Zhang Yangliu , Wu Tao
Published: April 2020

In this paper, a method of how to construct a freeform surface directly in an off-axis reflective image system is proposed. The method includes both the seed curve extension algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm. Firstly, the sample points on the unkown freeform surface were be obtained quickly by the seed curve extension algorithm. Then the continuity of the freeform surface is evaluated by calculating the angle between the normal vectors at the adjacent sample points. At last the freeform surface was fitted to an extended polynomials using simulated annealing algorithm. The method is employed to construct a freeform surface directly which is used as a primary mirror in an initial layout of an off-axis two-mirror system.
Stability, variation, and application of AFIS fiber length distributions
Authors: HINDS Zachary , KELLY Brendan Robert , HEQUET Eric Francois
Published: April 2020

Background

Fiber length is one of the primary quality parameters for the cotton industry when considering the textile performance and end-use quality of cotton. Currently, many decisions regarding cotton fiber length utilize the industry standard measurement device, i.e., the High Volume Instrument (HVI). However, it is documented that complete fiber length distributions hold more information than the currently reported HVI length parameters, i.e., upper half mean length (UHML) and uniformity index (UI). An alternative measurement device, the Advanced Fiber Information System (AFIS), is able to capture additional information about fiber length distribution. What is currently not known is how much additional information the AFIS length distribution holds.

Results

The stability of differences in within-sample variation in fiber length captured by the AFIS length distribution by number characterizing differences between samples was deemed stable across the extended testing period. A diverse breeding population was evaluated and four significant sources of within sample variation in length were identified. A comparison of the ability between HVI length parameters and AFIS fiber length distribution to correctly categorize breeding lines to their family was performed. In all cases, the AFIS fiber length distribution more accurately identified germplasm families.

Conclusions

The long-term stability test of the AFIS fiber length distribution by number shows that the measurement is stable and can be used to assess differences across samples. However, more information about within-sample variation in fiber length than that can be captured by length parameters is needed to assess differences across samples in many applications. Four length parameters outperform two length parameters when trying to identify the familial background of the samples in this set. These parameters characterize distributional shape differences that are not captured by the standard AFIS length parameters, UQL and short fiber content by number (SFCn). These findings suggest that additional types of variation in cotton fiber length are not captured and are therefore not currently used in most cotton breeding programs.
Correction to: Harnessing digital workflows for the understanding, promotion and participation in the conservation of heritage sites by meeting both ethical and technical challenges
Authors: Santana Quintero Mario , Awad Reem , Barazzetti Luigi
Published: April 2020

In the original publication of this article (Quintero et al., 2020) the family name of the last author is incorrect. The correct family name of the last author should be Barazzetti rather than Barazetti. The original publication has been corrected.
PROMOTING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY FOR MENTAL WELL-BEING
Authors: Cooper Stephanie L.
Published: April 2020

Apply It!

After reading this article, the health and fitness professional should be able to:

• Understand why providing clients with accessible strategies to enhance mental health is important;

• Discuss the vital role of exercise in preventing and alleviating anxiety and depression;

• Recognize the importance of balancing evidence-based exercise prescription with client preferences in accumulating meaningful bouts of physical activity to contribute to good mental well-being.
HOW THEMED SESSIONS CAN ELEVATE YOUR BUSINESS
Authors: Schaeffer Andrew
Published: April 2020

Apply It!

By reading this article, the health and fitness professional will:

• Learn how to restructure workouts around specific themes; and

• Understand how these themed-based sessions can make them a more effective teacher.
CAN INDIA-PAKISTAN SPORTS PROMOTE PEACE? A MCDM APPROACH
Authors: Ali Yousaf , Arif Shayan , Munir Fahad , Azeem Muhammad Bilal , Ullah Khan Amin
Published: April 2020

Sports is an effective vehicle that is being adopted by almost every country to improve ties with other countries. India and Pakistan share a long border, but do not share a very pleasant history.  Over the years, these two countries have shared a fierce rivalry and no measures that have been taken have had a long-term positive impact on their relationship. None of the attempts at reconciliation have proved to be completely successful, and the relationship remains unbalanced. The factors that can improve the ties between the two countries are numerous, and sports is one of them. The objective of this study is to determine how much of an influence cricket, being the most popular sport in both countries, has on the overall relationship between them. For this purpose, data was gathered from people from both countries through a questionnaire-based survey and then analyzed by MCDM approaches like AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) and TOPSIS (Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution). After performing the quantitative analysis, the study hopes to come to a solid conclusion about what people from both countries think about which alternative has the greatest influence on the ties between the two countries, and how the selected factors are influenced by the type of cricket matches played between India and Pakistan.  The positive results obtained from this research could be of great importance for the governments as well as for the people of both countries. This can divert the minds of people and politicians from all the controversies and wars in the past, and help move towards more healthy competition on the sports field.
DETERMINING THE AREA SIZES OF EACH PRODUCT CATEGORY IN A DEPARTMENT STORE USING MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION MAKING METHODOLOGIES
Authors: Dinc Yalcin Gulcin , Kamisli Ozturk Zehra
Published: April 2020

In a department store, customers have the opportunity to reach a wide range of consumer goods from different product categories within a single store area. Store layouts generally show the size and location of each department, any permanent structures, fixture locations, and customer traffic patterns. Determining the area sizes to be allocated to each product category and the layout of these areas in the department store is a strategic planning decision problem. The layout problem has been studied in the literature with different approaches where the sizes of the areas are known. The first purpose of this paper is to determine the area sizes of each product category.

 

Customers decide to go to a department store for several reasons including the quality of products, services, location, etc. These reasons have been studied in the literature. However, “for which product categories do customers decide to go to a department store” is an open question. The second purpose of this paper is to find the frequency of product categories from the viewpoint of the customers. Therefore, our aim is to obtain the required results in a systematic way with multi-criteria decision making methodologies. For this purpose, we perform the Analytic Network Process (ANP) and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) from the viewpoints of department managers and customers, respectively.

 

In the ANP model, several tangible and intangible criteria such as product costs, the demands of customers, sales history, overall inventory, floor space and relationship with suppliers are chosen, and the intersections between them are specified. Pairwise comparisons are made by department store managers. The ANP outcome is the weight of each product category, and these weights are considered the percentage of the area size within the store from the viewpoint of the department stores. In the AHP model, a simple model is constructed to define the customers’ preference for each product category. Pairwise comparisons between product categories are made by the customers. Therefore, the outcome of the AHP model is the weight of each product category, and this is the preference of each product category from the viewpoint of the customers. The outcomes show that these weights may be different. This is an expected situation since even if a product category is preferred by some as the driver to visit a department store, the footprint of that category in the actual store may be small. The outcome from customers provides feedback to department store managers on which product category should be diversified as well as the area sizes of those categories.
IDENTIFICATION AND RANKING OF COMPETENCIES THAT POSITIVELY INFLUENCE THE CUSTOMER SERVICES: A CASE STUDY
Authors: V Shanujas , Radha Ramanan Thiyagarajan
Published: April 2020

The work identifies and ranks the competencies that positively influence the customer services and thereby is helpful in customer satisfaction.  The study is conducted in a cooperative bank in one of the districts of South India. Identification of the competencies was made after review of the literatures, interviews with the employees, and expert opinion and a consensus was arrived at. Analytic Hierarchy Process is used to rank the competencies.  Five job competencies are identified to be ranked. Three distinct groups of employees are identified, and responses are collected in the scale proposed by Saaty (1980). Normalization of the data is made by computing the geometric mean of the responses.  The ranking reveals that relationship management competency has the top most priority and the teambuilding, and technical competency the least priority in providing the customer service. The major finding of the study is identification of cognitive competency as most important for managers and accountants and the clerical staff requires relationship management competency to achieve customer satisfaction. This finding will be helpful in identifying the training needs of three categories of employees in improving their customer service performance through job competencies.
ASSESSING REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT ALTERNATIVES: A MULTI-CRITERIA AND MULTI-STAKEHOLDER DECISION AID TOOL
Authors: Mantogiannis Vasileios A. , Katsigiannis Fotios A.
Published: April 2020

Investment decisions in private real-estate demand the consideration of several qualitative and quantitative criteria, as well as the different or even conflicting interests of the participating stakeholders. Meanwhile, certain indicators are subject to severe uncertainty, which will eventually alter the expected outcome of the investment decision. Even though multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) techniques have been extensively used in real-estate investment appraisals, there is limited evidence from the private rented sector, which constitutes a large part of the existing real estate assets. The existing approaches are not designed to capture the inherent variability of the decision environment, and they do not always achieve a consensus among the participating actors. In this work, through a rigorous literature review, we were able to identify a comprehensive list of assessment criteria, which were further validated through an iterative Delphi-based consensus-making process. The selected criteria were then used to construct an Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) model evaluating four real world, real estate investment alternatives from the UK private rented market. The volatility of the financial performance indicators was grasped through several Monte Carlo simulation runs. We tested the described solution approach with preference data obtained by seven senior real estate decision-makers. Our computational results suggest that financial performance is the main group of selection criteria. However, the sensitivity of the outcome indicates that location and property characteristics may greatly affect real estate investment decisions.
Local orbital-angular-momentum dependent surface states with topological protection
Authors: Chen Menglin L. N. , Jun Jiang Li , Lan Zhihao , Sha Wei E. I.
Published: April 2020

Chiral surface states along the zigzag edge of a valley photonic crystal in the honeycomb lattice are demonstrated. By decomposing the local fields into orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes, we find that the chiral surface states present OAM-dependent unidirectional propagation characteristics. Particularly, the propagation directivities of the surface states are quantified by the local OAM decomposition and are found to depend on the chiralities of both the source and surface states. These findings allow for the engineering control of the unidirectional propagation of electromagnetic energy without requiring an ancillary cladding layer. Furthermore, we examine the propagation of the chiral surface states against sharp bends. It turns out that although only certain states successfully pass through the bend, the unidirectional propagation is well maintained due to the topology of the structure.
Approximated super multi-view head-mounted display to reduce visual fatigue
Authors: Ueno Takaaki , Takaki Yasuhiro
Published: April 2020

To reduce the visual fatigue of the head-mounted displays, we propose an approximated super multi-view technique in which multiple viewpoints are generated two-dimensionally with an interval smaller than the pupil diameter using the time multiplexing technique, and left and right virtual images are two-dimensionally shifted in synchronization with the viewpoint generation. The proposed technique enlarges the depth of field of eyes to provide the accommodation-invariant feature so that the vergence–accommodation conflict is mitigated. We constructed an experimental system by using two LED arrays for the viewpoint generation and one LCD panel vibrated by two stepping motors. The proposed technique was then experimentally validated.
Novel hollow-core asymmetric conjoined-tube anti-resonant fiber for low-loss THz wave guidance
Authors: Mollah Md. Aslam , Habib Md. Samiul , Habib Md. Selim
Published: April 2020

We report a novel hollow-core asymmetric conjoined-tube anti-resonant (HC-ACTAR) fiber for efficient and low-loss THz wave guidance. The cladding tubes of the proposed HC-ACTAR fiber is formed by conjoining a half circle and a half elliptical tube and is placed in the radial direction. We observe that the proposed fiber is superior in terms of achieving low-loss and low dispersion in a wide range of frequencies than the previously reported designs. We show that our proposed HC-ACTAR fiber ensures lowest loss of 0.034 dB/m at 1 THz and marinates a low-loss window of 0.5 THz. Moreover, the proposed fiber has promising optical properties in the THz regime such as low bending loss, broadband flattened dispersion, and effective single-mode guidance, which are essential for efficient THz wave guidance.
In vitro assessment of time-dependent changes in red cell cytoplasmic antioxidants of donkey blood preserved in citrate phosphate dextrose adenine 1 anticoagulant
Authors: Nnamdi Okereke Henry , Ijeoma Udegbunam Rita , Gilbert Nwobi Lotanna , Toochukwu Ezeobialu Henry , Ositadinma Udegbunam Sunday
Published: April 2020

Background and Aim: Stored blood is continuously exposed to oxidative stress, which affects its antioxidant protective system. Erythrocytes are naturally armed with antioxidant protective capacity. Blood antioxidant system functions to protect the blood cells against oxidative damage by free radicals. However, during storage, blood is continuously exposed to oxidative stress, which affects its antioxidant system. The aim of this work was to investigate alteration in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, reduced glutathione (glutathione reductase [GSH-Rd]), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in stored donkey blood. Materials and Methods: Blood (250 ml) was drawn from four clinically healthy donkeys into citrate phosphate dextrose adenine 1 blood bags and preserved at 4°C. MDA, GSH-Rd, CAT, and SOD activities were assayed by colorimetric methods, over a period of 42 days. Results: The result showed that SOD enzyme activities significantly (p<0.05) increased by day 7 post-storage (PS) while MDA levels significantly (p<0.05) increased by day 21 PS. However, activities of GSH-Rd and CAT enzymes decreased (p<0.05) by day 21 PS. Pearson's product-moment correlation showed a negative correlation between the levels of MDA and enzymatic antioxidant markers (CAT and GSH-Rd). Conclusion: The findings revealed that GSH-Rd and CAT are the primary antioxidant defense markers in donkey red blood cells. The observed alterations in these principal antioxidants suggest a 14 days optimum keeping time of donkey blood for blood banking purposes.
Malware in Computer Systems: Problems and Solutions
Authors: Hama Saeed Mariwan Ahmed
Published: April 2020

Malware is a harmful programme, which infects computer systems, deletes data files and steals valuable information. Malware can attack personal and organization computer systems. In this paper, the most recent and dangerous types of malware, including CovidLock Ransomware, have been analysed and the most suitable countermeasures of malware have been provided. The purpose of this paper is to suggest manually removing malware through a range of tools. It investigates whether the University of Halabja employees are protected against malware or not and it hypothesizes that the university of Halabja employees are not protected in a great level against malware attacks. A questionnaire has been conducted and analysed. The results of the questionnaire confirmed that the university of Halabja employees are not crucially protected. Therefore, it works to propose a sufficient way to make the whole organization protected. This research can be extended to include public and private universities across Kurdistan region in order to identify the most secure university in this region against malware attacks.
Una mirada cualitativa sobre la autoevaluación institucional desde la praxis universitaria
Authors: Florez-Nisperuza Elvira Patricia , Hoyos-Merlano Alina María
Published: April 2020

El presente artículo muestra los resultados parciales de una investigación cualitativa adelantada en el Departamento de Ciencias Naturales de la Universidad de Córdoba, Colombia, relacionada con la caracterización de las prácticas evaluativas desde la reflexión de los procesos de autoevaluación, evaluación institucional y acreditación, con la participación de los estudiantes del X semestre de la Licenciatura en Ciencias Naturales y Educación Ambiental. En esta, a partir de una revisión documental, se logró categorizar a la autoevaluación como el punto de partida y de permanente ejercicio que mantiene la mirada puesta sobre los procesos universitarios que propicia una respuesta para lograr la calidad en el alma mater. Las prácticas evaluativas en general, en las esferas nacional e internacional, develan un grado de aceptación hasta el punto de emitir alrededor de los conceptos, voces dentro del lenguaje pedagógico o del contexto educativo como: proceso, calidad, reflexión, cultura, participación. Lo anterior manifiesta un acercamiento de la atmósfera universitaria con los procesos de evaluación, considerando entonces a la universidad como unidad que genera confianza en el marco de la evaluación, por lo que deberían ser estas las llamadas a orientar a las instituciones educativas en Colombia para afrontar las prácticas de cualificación de una forma diferente a como hasta el momento se vive en la escuela, permitiendo que el maestro en formación se conduzca bajo este paradigma que debe ser la cultura de la evaluación.
Oralidad, lectura y escritura competencias mediadoras del aprendizaje del currículo de Química: el caso del equilibrio químico
Authors: Candela Boris Fernando
Published: April 2020

Los investigadores de la educación en Química han considerado que una de las metas clave del currículo de esta disciplina es la alfabetización científica en el sentido fundamental (hablar, leer y escribir) y derivado (comprender los productos y proceso de la química). Si bien este propósito ha sido un elemento clave de las actuales reformas curriculares de esta disciplina, en la práctica docente ha resultado difícil de lograr; dado que los profesores se han centrado en asistir a los estudiantes en la comprensión de los modelos teóricos, descuidando el desarrollo de las competencias lingüísticas de la oralidad, la lectura y la escritura como elementos constitutivos de la Química. En esta investigación se aplicó una metodología cualitativa por estudio de casos, la cual requirió para la recolección de los datos de fuentes documentales como: vídeos, notas de campo, relatos narrativos y trabajos de los estudiantes. Los resultados permiten ver que para lograr la anhelada alfabetización en el aula de Química, se requiere que el profesor asista de manera consciente a sus estudiantes en el desarrollo integrado de las competencias lingüísticas de hablar, leer y escribir de y sobre la Química dentro de un contexto sociocultural.
Características de la práctica pedagógica en el área de Química
Authors: Blanchar-Añez Francisco Javier
Published: April 2020

El presente artículo se deriva de la investigación realizada en la institución educativa oficial Centro de Integración Popular (IPC), del Distrito Turístico de Riohacha, Colombia, cuyo objetivo central fue el de analizar las competencias científicas desarrolladas en los estudiantes de a través de las características de la práctica pedagógica institucional en el área de Química. Aspectos establecidos alrededor de las directrices teóricas (pedagógicas y didácticas) establecidas en el sistema educativo colombiano por competencias. Dado el carácter integral de la investigación desarrollada, que abarcó el análisis del currículo oficial del establecimiento educativo, la identificación de las propiedades de las prácticas pedagógicas en el aula y el proceso de evaluación en el área de Química, se aplicaron diferentes técnicas metodológicas, tales como: el análisis documental para el primer y el tercer aspecto y la observación y registro descriptivo para el segundo. La investigación se enmarcó en el enfoque cuantitativo, siguiendo un diseño descriptivo, en el cual se trabajó con las unidades de análisis de 34 elementos documentales, 4 docentes y 523 estudiantes de la sede central de la institución oficial. Los resultados evidenciaron que esta institución educativa cuenta con un currículo oficial genérico basado en la concepción tradicional de la enseñanza y sus prácticas de aula del área de Química se caracterizan por la exposición magistral del docente en torno a los contenidos declarativos; además de la ausencia de actividades estimulantes de procesos cognitivos complejos y desafiantes para los alumnos en torno a aspectos procedimentales y actitudinales.
Propuesta de enseñanza en Cálculo Vectorial: un acercamiento a la clase invertida
Authors: Rojas-Celis Carolina , Cely-Rojas Valeria
Published: April 2020

El bajo rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de ingeniería en cursos de cálculo vectorial nos dio paso para realizar una propuesta de enseñanza tipo Flipped Classroom, o clase invertida, que incluye el diseño y elaboración de un libro de texto, vídeos, el uso del aula virtual, construcciones en GeoGebra y cuestionarios en línea. El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar el cambio de un modelo tradicional de enseñanza al modelo de aula invertida desde un punto de vista cuantitativo y cualitativo, con dos cursos de Cálculo Vectorial durante el segundo semestre de 2018. Se diseñó un cronograma de clases como guía para el desarrollo de los temas. En los resultados se evidenció una mejora en los procesos autónomos de aprendizaje, mayor nivel de comprensión de los contenidos y disminución en el porcentaje de pérdida de la asignatura.
Estudiantes universitarios y videojuegos: Cultura del medio percibida, uso y preferencias en función del género
Authors: Oceja Jorge , González-Fernández Natalia
Published: April 2020

Este trabajo analiza la cultura del medio percibida, el uso y las preferencias hacia los videojuegos de un grupo de 610 estudiantes universitarios, centrándose en el impacto del género en dichas cuestiones. Se trata de un estudio de naturaleza cuantitativa basado en un diseño de encuesta (en particular una encuesta transversal) y en el posterior tratamiento estadístico de los datos. Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes, en esta etapa de su vida, juegan a videojuegos y consideran tener cierta cultura del medio, aunque existen diferencias importantes entre hombres y mujeres. Los posibles motivos de estas diferencias, que se extienden a otras cuestiones como las plataformas en las que juegan o los géneros y juegos preferidos, son explorados en la parte final del artículo. En ella mostramos que, más allá de sus posibilidades como medio emergente, los videojuegos son productos culturales permeables e insertos en un contexto de inequidad de género. El trabajo pretende ser un punto de partida para el diseño de proyectos y políticas educativas que utilicen los videojuegos en educación superior aprovechando toda la diversidad que el medio puede llegar a ofrecer.
Propuesta de indicadores para medir vinculación universitaria: Mirada de funcionarios de instituciones de educación superior públicas
Authors: Torres Salazar Maria del Carmen , Escalante Ferrer Ana Esther , García Domínguez Norma Alicia
Published: April 2020

La vinculación universitaria es una actividad que establece alianzas con diversos sectores de la sociedad; en este artículo se analizan los nexos con el sector productivo. El objetivo del artículo, a partir de las propuestas de autores iberoamericanos, es generar un modelo de medición de la vinculación conformado por un conjunto de indicadores fácilmente entendibles y medibles, en un primer momento, para todas las unidades académicas que conforman la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos (UAEM), México, por lo que se constituye como un estudio de caso, pero aplicable a instituciones afines. El modelo se construyó con la técnica de focus group realizado con responsables de vinculación y/o extensión de facultades, escuelas de educación superior, centros de investigación e institutos de la UAEM y una revisión de la literatura. El resultado de este trabajo reporta trece indicadores aplicables a todas las unidades académicas de la universidad en cuestión, ya que se trabajó con representantes de todas las áreas del conocimiento. Cada uno de los indicadores propone un método de cálculo, con lo que se pretende evitar la subjetividad de las ideas de algunos autores revisados y transitar de la conversión de propuestas de las ciencias sociales a datos más consistentes.
Technology proficiency self-assessments of teachers becoming professional in the 21st century: A scale adaptation study
Authors: Fidan Mustafa , Debbağ Murat , Çukurbaşı Barış
Published: April 2020

In this study, it was aimed to adapt the Technology Proficiency Self-Assessment Scale for 21st Century Learning (TPSA C-21), developed by Christensen and Knezek, into Turkey's conditions. The study sample consisted of 606 teachers working in 58 public schools affiliated to the Ministry of National Education in Bartın province. The original scale had a six-factor structure consisting of 34 items. In the adaptation stage, the Turkish version of the scale was initially created and then retranslated back into the source language. Next, the scale items were evaluated by linguists. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were used to determine the construct validity of the scale. As a result of the EFA, some of the items having inappropriate values were excluded from the scale and finally a structure with 24 items and four factors named "E-mail", "WWW", "Integrated Applications", and "Teaching with Technology" was obtained. The results of the CFA showed that the factor structure had adequate fit indexes. For reliability, internal consistency and test-retest correlation coefficients of the whole scale and its sub-dimensions were examined and these values were found to be acceptable. After all, this scale has become a measurement tool that can be used for research which enables educators to make relevant inferences about technology proficiency in 21st century learning.
Penanganan Limbah Fenol dengan Peroksidase Hasil Isolasi dari Lobak (Horseradish)
Authors: Sumardjo Damin , Wuryanti Wuryanti
Published: April 2020

Dalam air limbah industri, banyak dijumpai komponen fenol yang bersifat racun. Karena itu pada penelitian ini dicoba untuk menghilangkan komponen fenol dengan cara proses enzimatik. Enzim yang digunakan adalah peroksidase yang berasal dari jenis tumbuhan yaitu lobak (Horseradish). Lobak seberat 0,5 kg dihomogenkan dalam blender dengan 100 mL K2HPO4 0,1 M, disaring, ditambahkan (NH4)2SO4 secara bertingkat (0-5%, 5-20%, 20-40%, 40-65% ) dalam supernatan, kemudian dipisahkan. Endapan yang didapat ditambah buffer Tris-HCl 0,05 M pH 7 dan didialisis dengan menggunakan membran selopan selama 12 jam dengan buffer yang sama. Hasil ekstrak kasar dan fraksinasi dengan kejenuhan yang berbeda terhadap (NH4)2SO4 diaplikasikan pada sampel limbah. Setelah dilakukan uji pendahuluan, 0,5 mL air limbah ditambah 0,3 mL H2O2 0,1 M dan 3 mL enzim ekstrak kasar dan hasil dialisis. Setelah dianalisa, kadar fenol dalam limbah dapat diturunkan dari 1,068 ppm menjadi 0,689 (35,53%), 0,436 (59,13%), 0,641 (39,96%), 0,736 (31,09%), dan 0,783 ppm (26,66%) masing-masing untuk ekstrak kasar, dan hasil dialisis 0-5%, 5-20%, 20-40%, 40-65%. Dari hasil eksperimen di atas dapat disimpulkan bahwa semakin besar kandungan enzim semakin besar pula penurunan kadar fenol dalam air limbah
Sintesis Xilitol dengan Proses Elektroreduksi Xilosa
Authors: Darmawan Adi , Rahmanto Wasino Hadi
Published: April 2020

Proses produksi xilitol secara elektrokatalitik dari D-xilosa daiam larutan sodium sulfat menggunakan timbal amalgam telah dipelajari. Produk yang dihasilkan ditentukan memakai HPLC. Katoda timbal amalgam digunakan untuk mempertinggi rendemen relatif faraday pada produksi xilitol melalui reaksi hidrogenasi katalitik heterogen dengan Hads. Pada densitas arus rendah dan konsentrasi D-xilosa yang tinggi. rendemen relatif Faraday meningkat. Tidak banyak perbedaan jumlah xylitol yang dihasiikan akibat variasi pH. Produk samping dalam jumlah yang sedikit juga dihasilkan
Alternatif Penggunaan Ca(OH)2 dalam Daur Ulang Trietilamin pada Pembuatan Trihidrat Ampisilin dan Amoksisilin
Authors: Suzery Meiny , Agustini Dewi Meliati , Supriyanto Agus
Published: April 2020

Cairan induk dari pembuatan ampisilin trihidral (eks. AMP) dan amoksisilin trihidrat (eks. AMX) mengandung garam trietilammonium hidroklorida (TEA-HCI). Telah dilakukan regenerasi garam tersebut menjadi TEA dengan NaOH 48% menghasilkan garam anorganik terlarut (ROI) yang tinggi (±800-1000 kg/hari) dalam air limbah olahan. Dalam penelitian ini telah dicoba mengganti basa dengan Ca(OH)2 dan campuran Ca(OH )-NaOH 48%. Cairan induk dari sintesis (ML) dan dari bagian daur uiang (FML), baik eks AMP/AMX masa produksi IV-VI dicoba dengan 3 perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan Ca(OH)2 lebih sedikit menggunakan basa dan lebih kecil harga ROI-nya, disamping menunjukkan kualitas TEA-1 dan kualitas limbah yang sama dengan metode yang telah dikenal.
Pengaruh pH dan Suhu pada Adsorpsi Karbon Aktif terhadap Zat Warna Metilena Biru dalam Larutan Sukrosa
Authors: Siahaan Parsaoran
Published: April 2020

Telah diteliti pengaruh pH dan suhu pada kemampuan adsorpsi karbon aktif terhadap zat wama metilen biru dalam larutan sukrosa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan adsorpsi karbon aktif, kestabilan zat wama dapat dipengaruhi oleh pH dan suhu adsorpsi
Komponen Kimia dari Aroma Biji Theobroma cacao L.
Authors: Suzery Meiny , Hendarko Sriani , Sulistyowati Sulistyowati , Nazli Nazli , Cahyono Bambang
Published: April 2020

Telah dilakukan studi kimia terhadap komponen aroma dalam biji kakao jenis mulia (Theobroma cacao L.). Dengan indera penciuman, hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa fermentasi selama 4 hari memberi aroma yang lebih baik dibanding dengan tanpa fermentasi, sebanding dengan makin banyaknya puncak pada kromatogramnya. Melalui Gas Kromatografi - Spektrometri massa (GCMS), analisis kimia beberapa komponen utama penyusun aroma kopi dapat diinterpretasikan.
Penggunaan PAC pada Limbah Cair Industri Tahu
Authors: Hudiyanti Dwi
Published: April 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang kemungkinan penggunaan PAC pada pengolahan limbah cair industri tahu. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengukur turbiditas limbah cair industri tahu pada konsentrasi PAC yang bervariasi; 0 sampai 70 mg/30 mL sampel. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada suhu 28°C, 1 atm, serta waktu pendiaman setelah penambahan PAC tetap, yaitu 100 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan PAC pada limbah cair industri tahu memberikan perubahan kekeruhan yang menurun kemudian naik dan turun lagi. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pertama, kestabilan sistem koloid dalam limbah cair industri tahu berubah dengan perubahan konsentrasi PAC yaitu bridging flocculation, lalu steric stabilization kemudian depletion flocculation, kedua, PAC dapat digunakan untuk menjernihkan (menurunkan kekeruhan) limbah cair industri tahu. Diperkirakan penurunan kekeruhan akan optimal pada penambahan PAC sebesar 1 2 mg/30 mL limbah.
Pengaruh Metude Destruksi Minyak Pelumas terhadap Analisis Fe, Cu, dan Ni dengan Spektrometri Serapan Atom
Authors: Haris Abdul
Published: April 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang pengaruh destruksi cara basah dan cara kering terhadap analisis Fe, Cu, dan Ni dalam minyak pelumas dengan SSA. Destruksi cara basah digunakan kombinasi H2SO4 dan HNO3 dan cara kering dengan pemanasan 500-550°C. Hasil menunjukkan untuk analisis Fe dan Cu dapat dilakukan dengan destruksi cara basah dan cara kering, sedang untuk analisis Ni memberikan hasil yang lebih baik bila dilakukan dengan cara basah.
Analisis Batuan Andesit dengan Metode Difraksi Sinar-X
Authors: Taslimah Taslimah
Published: April 2020

Telah dilakukan analisis batuan andesit dengan menggunakan difraktometer sinar-X. Analisis dilakukan dengan teknik bubuk, sebagai target digunakan logam Cu dan sinar Kα. Analisis data dilakukan dengan membandingkan harga d dan intensitas dari puncak-puncak difraktogram terhadap harga-harga d dan intensitas dari tabel ASTM. Hasil analisis menunjukkan adanya 13 jenis mineral sebagai penyusun utama batuan andesit yaitu: kristobalit, prehnit kuarsa, anortit, nephilit, piroksen. ibnenit, hornblende, hematit, muscovit, magnetit dan olivin.
Komparasi Metode Spektrometri Tampak dengan Spektrometri Serapan Atom pada Penentuan Kadar Aluminium dalam Antasida
Authors: Aloysius Mudji Triatmo Melkias , Nurmin Marzuki , Hastuti Rum , Gunawan Gunawan
Published: April 2020

Telah dilakukan uji banding metode penentuan kadar aluminium secara spektrometri tampak dengan spektrometri serapan atom (SSA). Penentuan kadar aluminium secara SSA dilakukan dengan menganalisis larutan sampel secara langsung, sedangkan analisis secara spektrometri tampak dilakukan dengan perlakuan awal ekstraksi menggunakan pereaksi 8-hidroksikuinolin dalam kloroform. Absorbansi diukur dengan spektrometer ultra ungu-tampak pada panjang gelombang 408 nm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsentrasi rata-rata secara SSA adalah 81,01 ± 0,95 ppm dan secara spektrometri tampak adalah 79,70 ± 1,64 ppm. Hasil uji t-student menyatakan bahwa teksperimen sebesar 0,86 lebih kecil daripada ttabel yang besarnya 2,31 untuk P = 95%. Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa kedua metode tersebut tidak berbeda secara nyata.
Pembentukan Senyawa 2-Bromo-1-(3,4-dimetoksifenil) propanoI-1 dalam Dimetilsulfoksida
Authors: Azmiyawati Choiril , Priatmoko Priatmoko , Soelistyowati Retno Dwi
Published: April 2020

Pembentukan senyawa 2-Bromo-1-(3,4-dimetoksifenil) propanol-1 telah dilakukan melalui adisi N-Bromosuksinimida dan air kepada ikatan rangkap trans-metilisoeugenol dalam dimetilsulfoksida basah. Dihasilkan pasta berwama coklat kehijauan. Struktur senyawa ditentukan dengan spektroskopi infra merah dan kromatografi gas-spektroskopi massa. Analisa struktur senyawa 2-Bromo-1 -(3,4- dimetoksifenil)propanol-1 dilakukan dengan spektroskopi infra merah memberikan serapan pada 3400 cm-1 yang menunjukkan adanya gugus hidroksil dan serapan pada 560 cm-1 menunjukkan adanya ikatan C-Br. Data ini didukung oleh munculnya senyawa tersebut pada kromatografi dari kromatogram gas-spektroskopi massa dengan waktu retensi 25,117
Senyawa Naringenin 7, 3’, 4’ -Trimetil Eter dari Daun Tanaman Pacar Cina (Aglaia Odorata Lour)
Authors: Kusrini Dewi , Kosela Soleh , Chairul Chairul
Published: April 2020

Senyawa Naringenin, 7, 3’, 4', - trimetil eter berhasil diisolasi dari fraksi n-heksana ekstrak daun Pacar cina. Senyawa tersebut diisolasi dengan cara kolom kromatografi (KK) dan kromatografi cair kinerja tinggi (KCKT) serta ditentukan struktur molekulnya dengan menggunakan metode spektroskopi.
Elektrosintesis Polimer Konduktor (P-Polyanilina) dengan Anoda Karbon
Authors: Asy’ari Mukhammad , Rahmanto Wasino Hadi
Published: April 2020

Telah diteliti, reaksi elektrosintesis senyawa anilina dengan perpaduan elektrolit pendukung HCl 1,5 M, anoda karbon dirotasikan, rentang voltase 1,1 - 1,4 volt dan kuat arus 10-50 mA, menghasilkan produk polimer konduktor dengan daya hantar 2,54 x 10-2 ohm-1 cm-1, titik didih 500°C, dan sifat padatan rapuh berwarna hijau. Berdasarkan spektrum Infra Merah dan Ultra Ungu, maka disimpulkan bahwa produk elektrosintesis identik dengan struktur molekul polyanilina
Isolasi dan Identifikasi Zat Pengemulsi pada Emulsi Santan Kelapa
Authors: Hudiyanti Dwi , Mulyani Nies Suci , Fachriyah Enny
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi zat pengemulsi yang terdapat dalam sistem emulsi santan kelapa. Isolasi phospholipida dilakukan dengan metode ekstraksi solven menggunakan campuran heksana-isopropanol (3:2) pada T = 40°C. Ekstrak yang diperoleh lalu diuji dengan TLC. Identifikasi komponen-komponen zat pengemulsi, phospholipida (phosphogliserida), dilakukan dengan memisahkan komponen-komponen asam lemaknya dengan cara penyabunan dengan NaOH metanolik 0,5 M. Setelah itu asam-asam lemak yang diperoleh diesterifikasi sehingga terbentuk metil esternya. Senyawa metil ester dari asam lemak ini yang kemudian diidentifikasi dengan GC-MS. Dari hasil analisa dapat disimpulkan bahwa zat pengemulsi pada santan kelapa kemungkinan terdiri dari lebih dari satu senyawa phospholipida yang bersifat amphiphilik. Senyawa tersebut pada bagian polarnya memiliki gugus amina dan pada bagian non polarnya (R1 dan R2) merupakan residu asam lemak:asam kaprilat (oktanoat, C8), asam kaprat (dekanoat, C10), asam laurat (dodekanoat, C12), asam miristat (tetradekanoat, C14), dan asam palmitat (heksadekanoat, C16)
Studi Salinitas Air terhadap Penyerapan Logam Berat Merkuri oleh Ikan Mujair (Tilapia mosambicca)
Authors: Sumarawati Titiek
Published: April 2020

Merkuri adalah logam berat yang toksik didam jumlah kecil, akan tetapi toksisitasnya bervariasi tergantung dari bentuk senyawa kimianya dan tempat pemaparannya. Dalam perairan, kandungan logam merkuri sekalipun kadarnya relatif rendah, dapat diabsorbsi dan terakumulasi secara biologis oleh ikan dan akan terlibat dalam sistim jaringan makanan. Pengamatan penelitian ini melihat kondisi air tambak oso yang meliputi suhu, pH, salinitas, kandungan merkuri dalam air dan kandungan merkuri dalam ikan mujair. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik yang bersifat observasional, yang dilakukan secara cross-sectional. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kandungan logam merkuri dalam air rata rata sebesar 0,0024 ppm, di mana suhu berfluktasi, pH dan salinitas adalah relatif rendah. Rata rata suhu dari air 28,23°C, pH 7,28 dan salinitas 0,3084 o/ooo. Merkuri dalam sampel ikan mujair rata-rata sebesar 0,00084 ppm. Sampel ikan mujair yang berumur 3 bulan. 4 bulan dan 5 bulan mempunyai kandungan merkuri yang berbeda
Aplikasi Trifenilfosfin dalam Demetilasi Senyawa N-metilpiridinium Iodida
Authors: Cahyono Bambang , Ismiyarto Ismiyarto , Ningsih Alyxia Stellata Aria
Published: April 2020

Trifenilfosfin (PPh3) adalah nukleofil lunak dengan potensi tinggi dalam reaksi demetilasi garam amonium siklis. Reaksi demetilasi telah dilakukan terhadap garam amonium hetcrosiklik aromatik, N-metilpiridinium iodida dengan menambahkan PPh3. Reaksi berlangsung dalam pelarut asetonitril pada temperatur 82°C. Kromatografi lapis tipis (TLC) digunakan untuk mengontrol jalannya reaksi, hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa PPh3  berperan dalam reaksi demetilasi. Penentuan waktu reaksi dilakukan dengan optimasi waktu reaksi. Hasil analisis menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis menunjukkan bahwa N-metilpiridinium iodida dapat terdemetilasi setelah reaksi berlangsung selama 6 jam dengan transformasi 98 %.