bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vocabulary Work in the Process of Analyzing Literary Texts (On the Material of the Modern Textbook for a Multiethnic School)
Authors: Aristova M. A. , Kritarova Zh. N.
Published: November 2018

The purpose of the study is to determine the main directions and prospects of developing vocabulary work based on literary texts in a multi-ethnic school.Research Methods: the systematic method, theoretical and content-analysis. In accordance with its objective, the research was carried out on the basis of the analysis of contents and teaching and learning materials concerned with the study of literary texts in modern textbooks aimed at the learners of multi-ethnic schools belonging to different languages and nations.The necessity for a special work with culturological vocabulary in the course of the comprehensive analysis of literary texts in multi-ethnic schools is justified, the role of culturological commentary in the perception of a literary text by learners for whom Russian is not their first language is defined, examples are given.
Potential of biogas energy from animal waste in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey
Authors: AKYÜREK Zuhal
Published: November 2018

Continuous growth in global energy demand,
depletion of fossil resources and climate change concerns associated with fossil
fuel combustion have increased the motivation on utilization of renewable
energy sources. Utilization of renewable sources is vital in Turkey as the
country highly depends on imported energy. Biogas is a renewable energy
resource produced from decomposing organic waste under anaerobic conditions.
Production of biogas from organic wastes such as animal manure is advantageous
to contribute renewable energy production and waste management strategies for
health and environmental protection. In this study, the animal manure based
biogas energy potential of the Mediterranean Region of Turkey is determined.
The region is composed of eight provinces including Antalya, Burdur, Isparta,
Mersin, Adana, Hatay, Osmaniye and Kahramanmaraş. The results revealed that
Mediterranean Region has 183 Mm3 annual biogas potential
corresponding to 0.08 MTOE/year energy generation capacity. Co-digestion of
agricultural residues can contribute to about 0.208 MTOE/year energy
generation. It is determined that biogas production can contribute reduction of
carbon footprint by 1.7 million tons of annual CO2 emissions. Mersin
Province has shown the highest biogas potential in the region.
Characteristics and main clinical outcomes of patients undergoing transtibial amputation
Authors: De Souza Silvio Renato Silva , Mansur Henrique , Pinto Zaira Reinaldo de Sousa Moreira , Castro Júnior Isnar Moreira
Published: November 2018

Objective: To analyse the epidemiological profile of patients undergoing transtibial amputation (TTA) of the lower limb, including the prosthetic fitting rate, the degree of patient satisfaction, and postoperative complications. Methods: This retrospective study was designed to analyse the epidemiological profile of patients undergoing TTA from 2012 through 2016. Prosthetic fitting rate, degree of satisfaction, and postoperative complications were analysed. Results: The sample included 68 patients, of whom 42 were male (62.7%), with a mean age of 50.3 years. Of the participants, 61.2% had finished elementary school only, and 46.2% were white. The most common reason for amputation was chronic osteomyelitis, which was present in 53.7% of participants. A prosthesis was fitted in 89.6% of patients, with most (78.3%) adapting to it well. Of the participants, 40.3% experienced postoperative complications, and mortality was 21.9%. Regarding satisfaction, 76.1% of patients were not satisfied with the surgical outcome. Conclusion: Patients who underwent TTA were most commonly white males of approximately 50 years of age; the most prevalent comorbidities were systemic arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus, and the most frequent reason for amputation was chronic osteomyelitis. Patient dissatisfaction was significantly associated with age (>60 years old) and depression. The prosthetic fitting rate and adaptation to the prosthesis were directly related to patient satisfaction. Level of Evidence IV; Therapeutic Studies; Case Series.
Pelaksanaan APBD dalam SANKRI
Authors: Dachi Elvira Purnama Sakti
Published: November 2018

Upaya perbaikan pengelolaan keuangan daerah, khususnya perencanaan APBD, masih merupakan agenda strategis bagi percepatan peningkatan kesejahteraan rakyat di daerah, yang merupakan inti dari kewajiban Daerah, DPRD, dan Kepala Daerah.Failing to plan is planning to fail (Alan Lakein). Kegagalan dalam membuat rencana berarti merencanakan sebuah kegagalan. Kegagalan dalam perencanaan APBD sama dengan merencanakan kegagalan Daerah tersebut untuk mewujudkan kewajibannya, yaitu peningkatan kesejahteraan rakyat di wilayahnya.
FIRDIA RIANI_155100033
Authors: Firdiariani
Published: November 2018

STUDI KASUS ( SK )Pertanyaan Type C : Paparkan dan jelaskan Product Knowledge (KS)/ Produk Tim Anda (KP).Jawaban : Pada Produk super komputer yang kami buat terdapat beberapa Hak Atas Kekayaan Intelektual, yaitu :1.Patten Penemuan AMBATIK ini dibuat oleh 5 pemuda pemudi Defsy. Dibuat dinegara indonesia pada provinsi Lampung tahun 2018.2.Merk“AMBATIK”Yang terdiri dari dua kata “amba” dan “tik”, amba (luas), tik (titik), jadi Ambatik berarti titik luas. STUDI REFERENSI ( SP )Pertanyaan Jenis B :Jelaskan pasal pasal pendukung didalam Hak Atas Kekayaan Intelektual.Jawaban : Pasal pasal pendukung HAKI yang diketahui.•Pasal64 ayat (2)UUHC, yang menyatakan pencatatan Ciptaan dan produk Hak terkait bukan merupakan syarat untuk mendapatkan Hak Cipta dan Hak terkait.•Hak Cipta Menurut pasal 2 UUHC, Hak Cipta adalah hak khusus bagi pencipta dan penerima hak untuk mengumumkan atau memperbanyak ciptaannya maupun memberi ijin untuk itu dengan tidak mengurangi pembatasan-pembatasan menurut peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku.•Padal Pasal 80 ayat (1) Undang-undang Hak Cipta menyatakan: “kecuali diperjanjikan lain, pemegang Hak Cipta atau pemilik Hak Terkait berhak memberikan Lisensi kepada pihak lain berdasarkan perjanjianSTUDI PENALARAN ( SP )Pertanyaan Kategori 3 :Buatlah penjelaskan secara detail produk BLACBERRY dan beberapa bagian HAKI yang ikut dalam serta didalamnya.Jawaban : Blackberry adalah produk smartphone yang mempunyai kemampuan layanan push e-mail, telpon, sms, mejelajah internet, BlackBerry Messager (BBM), dan berbagai kemampuan nirkabel lainnya.
Efektivitas Moulting Kepiting Bakau Scylla serrata dengan Metode yang Berbeda
Authors: srinurmahningsi
Published: November 2018

Kepiting bakau merupakan komuditas yang berbeda di daerah estuaria, komuditas ini memiliki nilai jual yang sangat menjanjikan, sehingga usaha pembudidayaan mulai dikembangkan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat pembudidaya khususnnya dan masyarakat Indonesia pada umumnnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas mutilasi dan ablasi terhadap moulting kepiting bakau, sedangkan kegunaan penelitian ini sebagai sumber informasi secara spesifik kepada para pembudidaya mengenai metode ablasi dan mutilasi pada kepiting bakau. penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan juni sampai Agustus2014 di Desa Sinorang Kecamatan Batui Selatan Kabupaten Banggai, Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian mutilasi dan ablasi, pada kedua metode ini dilakukan pengamatan setiap hari. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode mutilasi dan ablasi dapat disimpulkan yaitu, metode mutilasi dan ablasi dapat mempercepat mouilting kepiting bakau. Perlakuan mutilasi merupakan perlakuan yang menghasilkan waktu waktu moulting terbaik yaitu 25% pada minggu pertama dibandingkan dengan erlakuan ablasi dan kontrol, sedangkan puncak moulting terjadi pada minggu kedua pada perlakuan mutilasi 41.67% dan perlakuan ablasi pada minggu ketiga 41.67%. Minggu keempat perlakuan mutilasi dan ablasi sudah mencapai moulting 100% dari total kepiting uji.
The need of central nervous system acting anti-fungal agents in the management of sporadic TSEs.
Authors: Tabaee Damavandi Pardis
Published: November 2018

This is an opinion article.
Bahan Ajar Penelitian Pendidikan
Authors: Marlina Marlina -
Published: November 2018

Buku ini terdiri dari VII BAB yang mendeskripsikan tentang car melakukan penelitian secara teknis di bidang pendidikan. BAB I PENDAHULUAN yang berisi tentang Pengertian Penelitian dan Metode Ilmiah, Ciri-ciri Kegiatan Penelitian, Hasrat Ingin Tahu Manusia, Nilai-nilai dalam Kegiatan Penelitian, Karakteristik Penelitian dan Rangkuman. BAB II CARA-CARA MEMPEROLEH KEBENARAN DAN LATAR BELAKANG ILMU PENGETAHUAN yang berisi tentang Cara Memperoleh Kebenaran, Logika sebagai Dasar Penalaran, Postulat, Teori dan Hipotesis, Penelitian dan Berpikir Ilmiah, dan Tugas Ilmu dan Penelitian. BAB IIIMETODE DAN MACAM PENELITIAN terdiri dari Orientasi, Perkembangan Metodologi Penelitian dan Jenis Penelitian. BAB IV MASALAH SAMPLING, VARIABEL DAN DATA PENELITIAN terdiri dari Pengertian Populasi dan Sampel, Petunjuk Pengambilan Sampel, Teknik-teknik Sampling, Variabel Penelitian, Data dan Rangkuman. BAB VLANGKAH-LANGKAH PENELITIAN terdiri dari Orientasi Umum, Langkah-langkah Penelitian dan Rangkuman. BAB VIMETODE DAN ALAT PENGUMPULAN DATA terdiri dari Orientasi dan Rangkuman. BAB VIIPEMILIHAN TEKNIK STATISTIK terdiri dari Orientasi, Macam-macam Teknik Statistik dan Pertimbangan Pemilihan Teknik Statistik
The Effectiveness of Traditional Games on the Development of Social Ability of Children in Kindergarten of Baiturridha Padang Pariaman
Authors: Marlina Serli
Published: November 2018

This study aims to find out how big the effectiveness of traditional games on the Development of Social Capabilities of Children in Baiturridha Kindergarten Padang Pariaman. Research type is Quantitative research with experiment method. The sample of this study was determined based on Cluster Sampling. Instrument research using instrument grille. Instrument analysis by performing test validity and test reliability. Technique of collecting data by doing observation and test. Technique of data analysis using normality test, homogeneity test and hypothesis test. The result of this research shows that t count > t table, that is 9,037> 2,073, it can be concluded that the development of social ability of children in experimental class using traditional game is more effective than control class using modern game.
Student`s Mental Revolution Guidance Model At Senior High School
Authors: Ningrum Tia Ayu , Anisah  , Marsidin Sufyarma , irsyad
Published: November 2018

The background of this research was the existence of mental or the character of problems the current learner. The purpose of this research was (1) to know about the guidance of integrity, work ethic, mutual cooperation, independence, religious at senior high school level, (2) prototype model of Student mental revolution guidance in senior high school. This was a research development using qualitative approach. The results of this study explain that (1) guidance of mental revolution values (integrity, mutual cooperation, work ethic, self-reliance and religious) has not been implemented maximally in senior high school. The process of guidance was done on intracurricular and extracurricular activities. Guidance of mental revolution on intracurricular activities did independently and integrated on subjects. (2) This research also produced prototype model design of students guidance. This model illustrates all internal stakeholders and school supervisors that play a role in the process of guidance students. The guidance was done by using the approach of exemplary, habituation, praise and reward that emphasizes aspects by knowing, by loving, by acting, and done individually and in groups. Guidance was done on extracurricular and intracurricular activities that give consideration the values of Pancasila, UUD 1945, Bhineka tunggal ika, and NKRI regulations.
Subjective Well-Being pada Pekerja Perempuan
Authors: Munandar Haris , Situmorang Nina Zulida , Tentama Fatwa
Published: November 2018

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui subjective well-being atau kesejahteran subjektif pada pekerja perempuan. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kajian pustaka untuk mendalami informasi mengenai subjective well-being atau kesejahteraan subjektif pada pekerja perempuan. Kajian pustaka ini akan memberikan gambaran subjective well-being pada pekerja perempuan yang meliputi keadaan subjek pada saat bekerja, beradaptasi dengan lingkungan kerja, perasaan atau afektif saat bekerja, dan hikmah menuju kesejahteraan subjektif. Kajian lainnya meliputi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi subjective well-being pada pekerja perempuan yaitu peran suami, peran keluarga, dan kondisi lapangan pekerjaan yang menjadikan pekerja dilematis.
DEVELOPING SOCIAL SKILLS OF AUSTISTIC CHILDREN TROUGH ROLE PLAY
Authors: Iswari Mega
Published: November 2018

This article discusses about the use of role play to develop social and communication skill of autistics children in inclusive primary schools. Therefore, it is necessary to provide interventions that are designed and implemented in a sustainable and well-programmed manner through educational services for children with special needs in general and autism in particular. This research uses qualitative research method to show and analyze data as a basis for designing role play technique in developing social skill for autistics children. Then, experiment approach is used in the form of single subject research using A-B design. The data analysis is done using graphical visual analysis. The role play activities are conducted several meetings in order to develop social skills of interaction and communication. Thus, it is hope that role play can develop and improve the social skills of children with autism in the term of communication skills and interaction with friends, teachers, and all the school members they know. It is suggested that teachers in inclusive schools have to be able to improve the social skills of autistic children through various forms of role play.
Pelatihan Stimulasi Literasi Anak Usia Dini bagi Guru Taman Kanak-kanak di Kecamatan Nanggalo, Kota Padang
Authors: Yulsyofriend  , Yaswinda Yaswinda
Published: November 2018

Pembiasaan literasi yang tidak sesuai dengan perkembangan anak akan memberikan dampak negatif bagi perkembangan anak usia dini selanjutnya. Ikatan Guru Taman Kanak-kanak di kecamatan Nanggalo menyadari bahaya yang mengancam anak didik mereka jika memberikan stimulasi literasi yang tidak sesuai dengan perkembangan anak dapat mebahayakan anak, namun di sisi lain masih banyak guru-guru Taman Kanak-kanak yang belum memahami stimulasi literasi yang tepat untuk anak usia dini dan belum terampil melaksanakannya. Tujuan kegiatan Pengabdian pada masyarakat ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pemahaman stimulasi literasi dan keterampilan stimulasi literasi guru-guru Taman kanak-kanak di Kecamatan Nanggalo kota Padang. Hasil penilaian media literasi terhadap peserta sebagai berikut: 23,08 % peserta mendapatkan kategori baik sekali dan 53,84 % memperoleh kategori baik serta ada 15, 38% dalam kategori cukup
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Petani dan Peternak dalam Pelaksanaan Sanitasi Total Berbasis Masyarakat di Desa Sinduharjo
Authors: Tentama Fatwa , Rangkuti Ahmad Faizal , Mulasari Surahma Asti , Sukesi Tri Wahyuni , Sulistyawati Sulistyawati
Published: November 2018

Dusun Dukuh, Taraman dan Ngemplak merupakan dusun yang berada di wilayah DesaSinduharjo. Sanitasi Total Berbasis Masyarakat (STBM) adalah upaya peningkatan derajatkesehatan masyarakat yang menitikberatkan pada partisipasi masyarakat itu sendiri. Tiga dusuntersebut sebagian besar mata pencaharian penduduknya adalah bertani dan beternak. Rata ratapenduduk di sana memiliki hewan ternak yang dipelihara baik di kelompok kandang ataudipelihara di sekitar rumahnya. Menurut observasi yang dilakukan di ketiga lokasi tersebut,ternak tersebut belum dikelola secara maksimal dalam hal sanitasinya sehingga kemungkinanmencemari lingkungan sangatlah tinggi apalagi untuk ternak yang dipelihara di sekitarpekarangan rumah. Pada musim panen tiba hasil panenannya sangat melimpah. Akan tetapi hasilyang melimpah ini juga meninggalkan permasalahan baru yaitu limbah yang tidak dikeloladengan baik. Pemanfaatan limbah pertanian dan peternakan masih sangat terbatas,. Hal inidikarenakan minimnya kesadaran, pengetahuan,dan ketrampilan untuk memanfaatkan limbahtersebut. Tujuan dari KKN PPM ini adalah meningkatkan pemberdayaan masyarakat petani danpeternak dalam melaksanakan sanitasi total berbasis masyarakat dalam rangka mengendalikanpencemaran lingkungan dengan memanfaatkan limbah pertanian dan peternakan menjadi barangbarang bernilai ekonomis dan memiliki kemanfaatan yang lebih dari sebelumnya seperti briket,bokashi, silase, pupuk cascing, dan biogas. Agar kegiatan ini dapat berkelanjutan program iniakan bekerjasama dengan organisasi pemuda, kelompok ternak dan kelompok tani di DusunDukuh, Taraman dan Ngemplak, Dinas Pertanian dan Dinas Perternakan Kabupaten Slemanyang nantinya akan dapat membantu dalam kelancaran proses pelaksanaan program pelatihanbahkan sampai kepada pemasaran untuk meningkatkan produksi pertanian dan peternakanmasyarakat setempat. Metode yang dipergunakan pada program KKN PPM ini adalahpenyuluhan, pelatihan dan pendampingan yang akan dilakukan oleh mahasiswa KKN UAD,didampingi oleh dosen UAD. kegiatan ini juga akan membantu kegiatan pasca produksinya.
THE IMPACT OF GREAT MOM GREAT CHILDREN TRAINING TO IMPROVE YOUNG STREET MOTHER STIMULATION SKILL
Authors: Pranungsari Dessy , Tarnoto Nissa , Tentama Fatwa
Published: November 2018

The objective of this research is to examine the impact of “Great Mom Great Children” training to improve young street mother stimulation skill. The subjects of the research are from Yogyakarta. They are young homeless mothers who are commonly referred to as a street mother, young mothers who are less than 18 years old, mothers for unwanted pregnancy, mothers who have 0 to 5 years old children and mothers who are upbringing their children themselves. The experiment design used in this research is untreated control group design with dependent pretest and post-test sample. The data is collected by using Children Stimulation Skill Development Scale. The researchers perform Wilcoxon Test to examine the difference between stimulation skill level before and after the test. The result suggested that there was a significant difference before and after the treatment was given. It can be seen from Z=-1,755 and p=0,079) (2-tailed)/0, 0395 (1-tailed) with p<0.05. Also, the result of Mann Whitney U-test showed that the average level of stimulation skill in experiment group participant was higher than that of control group participant with the result of pretest-posttest (p= 0,074 (2-tailed)/ p= 0.037 (1-tailed) where p<0.05 which meant significant. In conclusion,“Great Mom Great Children” training is an effective method to improve children’ stimulation skill for young street mothers.
Enhancement Operation System Model in Managing Local Resources-Based Environment towards Sustainable Development
Authors: Siahaan Andysah Putera Utama , Aryza Solly
Published: November 2018

This paper discussed at exploring an appropriate model in managing environment that may accommodate and optimize local resources, such as human resources and natural resources. This is important to create and maintain the sustainable development for all. In manifesting the sustainable development, this work found a new paradigm in sustainable development which is based on the local resources. In detail, it elaborates and discusses some core components of the model of sustainable development that includes: (i) ontology; (ii) epistemology; and (iii) axiology of sustainable development. The ontological element of sustainable development could be found in Pancasila, the principle five, that is social justice for all Indonesian constitution 1945, article 28 h that guarantee the healthy environment for all. While the epistemological level, this work will coherency all diametrical policies and norms or regulations that related to the situation, such as environmental law, investment law, mining law, agrarian law, forestry law, marine and coastal law, and so forth. All those elements should be embodied in the appropriate mechanism and operational model, that cover the implementation, control, evaluation, development and recovery stages. In the end, this work offers an appropriate model for creating local resources based-environmental management that guaranteeing the sustainable development for all.
Gambaran Perencaanan Karir Siswa Tunarungu SMA Sumatera Barat
Authors: Iswari Mega
Published: November 2018

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat gambaran perencanaan karir siswa tunarungu. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa tunarungu SMA Sumatera Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan sampel yang diambil 28 siswa SMA Sumatera Barat. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan Career Planning Inventory skala perencaan karir afdal dengan reliabilitas person 0.97 dengan kategori sangat tinggi dan realibilitas item 0.90 dengan kategori tinggi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gambaran perencanaan karir siswa tunarungu Sumatera Barat berada pada kategori sedang dengan persentase 41.7 %. Artinya perlunya pemberian pembinaan secara khusus yang dilakukan oleh guru pendamping salah satunya konselor sekolah untuk perencanaan karir siswa tunarungu.
Increasing Social Behaviour through Self-Management Strategy at the Children with Autism in the Inclusive Kindergarten
Authors: Marlina Marlina -
Published: November 2018

This study aims to increase these social behaviors children with autism through self-management strategy (SMS by peers. The participants of this study were three children with autism and three normal students in the Kindergarten School. The effectiveness of the intervention was measured in the learning process, recess, and physical exercise activities. The data were collected through video recordings for 10 minutes. In addition, this study has validated the data for both internal and external validity by using the Social Response Scale to the class teachers and special teachers. The results show that the SMS that was mediated by peers has an impact on the social behaviors, including in starting the conversation, starting the game, and keeping the interaction of the children with autism. Finally, some limitations and further research are discussed.
Market Forces Influence Editorial Decisions
Authors: Arguello P. Alexander
Published: November 2018

Scientific publishing has inherited a set of toxic journalistic practices from news organizations that undermine its credibility as an arbiter of the scientific record.
Neural Activation in Reward Network Associated with Inattentive Symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Owens Max Michael , MacKillop James , McNally Shannon , Balodis Iris , Sweet Lawrence
Published: November 2018

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and impulsivity have been linked to the functioning of the brain’s reward network. However, many of these studies focus on the anticipatory phase of reward processing and are limited by small sample sizes. In the current study, a community sample of 1081 adults (mean age = 28.8, SD = 3.7) completed a computerized functional magnetic resonance imaging task examining reward outcome. Out-of-scanner participants completed self-report measures of ADHD symptoms and impulsivity. A voxelwise t-test of activation during reward outcomes indicated activation in the left and right ventral striatum, the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and the posterior cingulate, as well as greater activation in sensory and motor areas. In voxelwise regression analyses, neural response to reward in the left striatum, insula, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and lateral temporal cortex, as well as bilaterally in the occipital cortex, was inversely associated with inattentive symptoms of ADHD. No associations were found between neural response to reward and hyperactive symptoms of ADHD or impulsivity. Results were generally consistent in follow-up region of interest analyses. These findings suggest activation in reward network regions is linked to inattentive, but not hyperactive symptoms of ADHD, even in those without a diagnosis.
Request framing moderates the influence of affective images on charitable giving
Authors: Genevsky Alexander , Knutson Brian , Yoon Carolyn
Published: November 2018

AbstractFundraising organizations face difficult decisions regarding how to construct solicitations for donations. While these aid requests often include multiple salient features, their interactive effect on donation behavior and the psychological mechanisms that underlie their combined influence remain unclear. In six studies utilizing online and laboratory samples, as well as hypothetical and real incentives, we examine whether and how request framing moderates the impact of positive and negative images on charitable giving. Across all studies and in a single-paper meta-analysis, the influence of affective images on giving was moderated by the valence of request framing, such that affectively matched features most effectively elicited donations. Further, donors’ experienced positive affect could account for this matching effect – even in cases of matched negative features. These findings suggest that organizations can increase the effectiveness of aid requests by focusing on the affective match of request features. This work integrates previously discrepant findings on the impact of affect on donations and holds both conceptual implications for how affect can influence giving and practical implications for organizations seeking to design optimally effective requests for aid.
The Promise of Property: Legal Optimism and Collective Efficacy in Chicago's Urban Agriculture District
Authors: Ela Nate
Published: November 2018

Studies of legal cynicism have documented the reluctance of residents in low-income minority neighborhoods to call on criminal law and the police. But are people in such places equally cynical about other forms of law? This article explains how and why community organizers in Chicago’s Englewood neighborhood have found promise in the opportunities that property law provides for addressing community problems. Drawing on interviews and ethnographic fieldwork, it examines the creation of neighborhood institutions for Chicago’s first urban agriculture district. These institutions have been informed by memories of slavery and sharecropping, and of the role played by food production and economic cooperation in struggles for African American self-determination. To keep ownership, use, and benefits of urban farmland local, organizers in Englewood founded a community land trust. They view this new neighborhood institution as a way to cultivate a sense of community ownership and control, and thereby chip away at the alienation that blocks residents from addressing local problems. Prior studies have linked collective efficacy and residents’ individual sense of ownership; the experience in Englewood points to how collective efficacy could also be fostered by institutions that demonstrate collective, African-American ownership of community resources. The article concludes by discussing why organizers and residents in race-class subjugated communities may find promise in, but also limits to, the sense of sovereignty and legal agency afforded by property.
Sobre las aproximaciones a la filosofía moral de Kant desde la antropología
Authors: garcía gómez del valle josé m.
Published: November 2018

Sobre las aproximaciones a la filosofía moral de Kant desde la antropologíapor José M. García Gómez del ValleLaguna: Revista de Filosofía, ISSN 1132-8177, Nº 15, 2004, págs. 210-212Brian Jacobs y Patrick Kain (eds.): Essays on Kant’s Anthropology, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003, ix + 265 págs. Patrick R. Frierson: Freedom and Anthropology in Kant’s Moral Philosophy, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003, x + 211 págs.En 1997 se publicaron las lecciones de antropología de Kant en el marco de su obra completa –nada menos que noventa y siete años después de la aparición de los primeros tomos de esta canónica edición de la Academia. El entusiasmo que marcó la recepción de estos nuevos volúmenes fue debido, en parte, a que el horizonte hermenéutico de un número relevante de intérpretes incitó a una rápida asimilación de esta antropología y a su aplicación a la investigación de la filosofía moral de Kant (Frierson 68 s.). Así es, en el contexto naturalista y utilitarista que determina las aproximaciones típicamente angloamericanas a la ética de Kant, el rechazo de su transcendentalismo y dualismo ha llevado a una apropiación distintiva de su filosofía moral . Ésta –representada paradigmáticamente por P. Guyer y su proyecto de ‘naturalizar a Kant’– podría ser descrita como el intento de presentar una alternativa moral kantiana al sistema ético del propio Kant. Semejante modelo de interpretación trae consigo la necesidad de transfigurar el canon que rige la ocupación con el corpus kantiano. Así, la antropología, de ser un ámbito de reflexión prácticamente despreciado por la Kantforschung (cf. Jacobs/Kain 4), ha pasado a convertirse en la clave de algunas de las lecturas actuales más importantes de Kant. Son buenos ejemplos de esta aproximación a la filosofía moral de Kant desde la antropología tanto la monografía de Frierson como el volumen colectivo editado por Jacobs y Kain.
A Partial Equilibrium Analysis of Current US Monetary Policy with a Prediction
Authors: Middleton Elliott
Published: November 2018

A partial equilibrium analysis of US credit markets reveals that the Federal Reserve System’s current mechanism for raising short-term interest rates has placed the US short-term markets in a position that is far from apparent equilibria achieved over the postwar period.
Increase in MMP-9 Expressing CD11b+ cells in a CD44 Dependent Way Reduces Severity of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Authors: Kar Sujata , Kar Kalipada
Published: November 2018

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a dangerous neurodegenerative disorder. Various aspects of  the    disease have been studied in experimental animal model. Migration of immune cells to the central nervous system (CNS) is a predominant feature of MS. CD44 molecule has been reported to be involved in many  important biological processes including contribution in severing inflammation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9) interaction with CD44 has been well known to be involved in cellular adhesion, transmigration and inflammation. In this study, we were interested to examine the role of phagocytic cells expressing MMP-9 in resolving EAE. Materials and Methods: C57BL/6 WT and CD44 KO mice were used as EAE animal model. The level of phagocytic cells expressing MMP-9 in the  secondary lymphoid organs were assessed in EAE induced WT as well as CD44 KO animals. Results: EAE severity was found in CD44 KO group compared to WT. Level of CD11b cells (marker of phagocytic cell) in the peritoneal cells expressing MMP-9 was higher in WT compared to CD44 KO. CD11b stained area found to be greater in WT lymph node compared to CD44 KO. Conclusions: This observation suggests the role of CD44 molecule in modulating the immune scenario which is related to disease severity. This study also opens avenues for the specific inflammatory roles of different immune cells in MS.Keywords: multiple sclerosis; EAE; CD44; MMP-9; CD11b; CNS.
Diverse Presentation of Meckel’s Diverticulum in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Kumar Sujit , Jalan Aditya , Patowary Bhupendranath , Gurung Sarita Rana , Belbase Narayan , Mahaseth Subhash
Published: November 2018

IntroductionMeckel’s Diverticulum is the most common congenital disease and seen in 2% of population. It is difficult to diagnose preoperative, mostly seen during operation with its various presentation.Material and Methods This is a retrospective study in which all the cases diagnosed as Meckel’s diverticulum with its complication diagnosed while doing operation were included. Demographic data, clinical presentation, preoperative diagnosis, intraoperative findings, surgical procedure performed, histopathological report and postoperative follow up of patients were recorded and statistically analyzed. The aim of this study was to assess various presentation of Meckel’s diverticulum in 8 years of duration in college of medical sciences, Bharatpur Nepal. ResultsOut of 32 cases, there were 20 male and 12 female with M:F ratio1.66:1. The mean age was 8.34 ± 3.98 years. All together sixteen (50%) patients had features intestinal obstruction. Perforation was seen in 28.1% patients, intussusception in 21.8%, diverticulitis in 15.6%, small bowel volvulus around fibrous band in 18.8%, internal herniation in 9.4% and massive bleeding in 6.3% patients. The average distance from ileocecal junction was 40-60 cm. All cases underwent emergency laparotomy, presence of Meckel’s diverticulum was incidental intraoperative finding. Three cases had superficial wound infection. Small intestine mucosa followed by gastric, pancreatic and colonic mucosa were most common histological finding. The average duration of hospital stay was 5 to 8 days.ConclusionMeckel's Diverticulum is a true diverticular anomaly that may remain clinically silent for lifetime, or it may have life-threatening complications. Due to nonspecific features in case of acute abdomen, Meckel’s diverticulum and its complications should be kept as an important differential diagnosis.Keywords: intestinal obstruction; meckel’s diverticulum; volvulus.
Age at Menarche among the School Going Children of Jorpati, Kathmandu
Authors: Chalise Usha , Pradhan Allin , Lama Chhiring Palmu , Panta Prem Prasad , Dhungel Shaligram
Published: November 2018

Background and objectives: The present study was conducted to explore the mean age at menarche and associating factors among the Nepali school girls of Jorpati, Kathmandu. Materials and methods: The 500 girls of aged between 9-18 years were collected from the seven school of Gokarneshowr Municipality, Jorpati, Kathmandu after taking ethical clearance from NHRC. The healthy girls without any growth-related disorders and genetic abnormalities were included in the study. The consent was taken from the school authority and individual student by providing written consent and ascent form. The data thus collected were tabulated and analyzed by using SPSS 16. Results: The age at menarche of the respondents was 12.56 ±1.12years and menarchial age varied from 9-16 years. Similarly, the mean age at menarche of sisters and mothers were 12.96 ± 1.25 and 14.30 ± 1.58 respectively. The mean age at menarche of vegetarian group was 12.42 years as compared to non-vegetarian was 12.58 years. The lowest mean age at menarche was in Newar (12.30 years) and highest mean age at menarche in Limbu (13.33years). Followed by age at menarche in Brahmin (12.58 years), Chhetri (12.74 years), Rai (12.60 years), Lama (12.43 years), Gurung (12.66 years) and others (12.56 years). Conclusions: There was decrease in age at menarche with successive generation as a result of increase in urbanization, better dwelling and smaller family size as compared to previous generation.
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and its Relationship with Parafunctional Habits among Undergraduate Medical and Dental Students
Authors: Acharya Sudeep , Pradhan Amita , Chaulagain Rajib , Shah Ankur
Published: November 2018

Background: Temporomandibular disorder is a term used to describe problems involving  temporomandibular joint, muscles of mastication, occlusion characterized by symptoms such as pain, restricted movements and intermittent joint sound. The present study was conducted to determine prevalence of TMD and to describe its association with parafunctional habits. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 345 undergraduate students of KIST Medical College and Hospital. Study population was selected by simple random sampling and the Fonseca Anamnestic          Questionnaires were distributed. Data analysis was done in SPSS version 16 . Results: The prevalence of TMD was 47.4% with mild and moderate type of TMD present. The most common habit was chewing gums followed by biting of lips and biting of objects. Statistically significant difference in TMD groups was observed in clenching and grinding of teeth, biting of lips and biting of objects (p<0.001). There was  statistically significant association between TMD and the signs and symptoms such as headaches, difficult to open mouth, muscular pain while chewing (p<0.001). Conclusions: A statistically significant association was found between biting of lips, grinding of teeth and mouth breathing with TMD.Keywords: parafunctional habits; prevalence; TMD .
A Comparative Study Between Two Different Doses of Dexmedetomidine Combined with Ropivacaine in Ultrasound Guided Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block
Authors: Singh Jeevan , Shakya Samir , Ghimire Anuranjan , Saha Sanjay , Singh Parikshit Bikram
Published: November 2018

Background: Though, various studies have been conducted to show the efficacy of            dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to brachial plexus block, there is no clear consensus for its optimal dose. We compared 2 different doses of dexmedetomidine (1mcg/kg Vs 2mcg/kg) with ropivaciane in USG guided brachial plexus block for the quality of anesthesia and analgesia. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients (18-50years, 50-60kgs), ASA PS I and II undergoing surgery of upper limb were enrolled in this prospective, double blind, randomized control trial. Group Rd received 19ml of 0.5% Ropivaciane with 1mcg/kg  of dexmedetomidine (total 20ml), and Group RD received 19ml of 0.5% Ropivacaine with 2mcg/kg of dexmedetomidine (total 20ml). Onset and duration of sensory and motor block, duration of analgesia, sedation score, hemodyanamic changes were compared. We also monitored for various un towards effects. Results: The onset time of sensory and motor block (9.36±1.114 mins and 14.40 ± 1.528 mins in group Rd vs 8.32 ±0.945 mins and 12.40 ± 1.21 mins in group RD) were not significantly different between two groups (p-value > 0.05).The duration of sensory and motor block (596.20 ± 76.859 mins and 541.20±81.564 mins in group Rd vs 730.80 + 65.187 mins and 659.80±93.607 mins in group RD) were not significantly longer in group RD than group Rd (p-value > 0.05). The duration of analgesia (626.00±70.475 mins in group Rd vs 754.00±60.139 mins in group RD) were not significantly longer in group RD than group Rd (p-value > 0.05). Hemodynamic parameters were also comparable between two groups (p-value >0.05) but 3 patients in RD group (2mcg/kg) developed bradycardia and required treatment with atropine whereas in Rd group (1mcg/kg) none developed bradycardia. Conclusions: There is no significant difference in the onset and duration of block between the two groups. However, higher dose of    dexmedetomidine is associated bradycardia. Hence, in comparision with 2mcg/kg, 1mcg/kg of   dexmedetomidine is better adjuvant to 0.5% ropivaciane in terms of safety and effectiveness.Keywords: dexmedetomidine; ropivacaine; supraclavicular brachial plexus block.
Study on Knowledge and Practices of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene among Secondary School Students
Authors: Shrestha Marina Vaidya , Manandhar Naresh , Joshi Sunil Kumar
Published: November 2018

Background: Provision of adequate water supply, sanitation, hygiene and waste management in schools has a number of positive effects. The study focuses on children because disease related to water; sanitation and hygiene are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity among children. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study comprised of 220 students. Participants involved were Government school students of grades 9-10 in Sindhupalchowk and Bhaktapur. Data consisted of hygiene and hand washing practices, knowledge about sanitation and personal hygiene  characteristics. Results: This study revealed that      knowledge regarding water borne disease was high among Urban school students 86.5% but knowledge     regarding transmission route seemed inadequate in both urban and rural students (35% and 16% respectively). The practice on hand washing was found high (94.4%).There was significant difference in the knowledge of students regarding WASH in urban and rural settings of the school (P value<0.001). Treated water facility and hand washing facilities with water was found lacking in rural schools. Schools from the urban area had proper hand washing facilities, but there was not any soap available in both the areas. Conclusions: The knowledge and practice of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) among secondary school students is still poor. The knowledge of WASH in secondary school students when compared to the rural areas, urban areas had better on the basis of knowledge score.Keywords: hygiene; knowledge; practice; water; sanitation.
Sodium Azide Induced Mutation in Actinomycetes
Authors: Tamang Muna , K.C. Pujan , Koju Punya Kumari , Lachhimasyu Puspa , Dhakal Dinesh , Acharya Amrit , Thapaliya Srijana
Published: November 2018

Objectives: The study was done with an aim to determine the gain and loss of functions among the actinomycetes mutants induced by sodium azide.Methods: The study was carried out in the laboratory of the Sainik Awasiya Mahavidhayala, Bhaktapur, Nepal from 2016 December to 2017 March. A total of 30 soil samples were collected from Tokha, Bhaktapur area and Godawari area. Actinomycetes were isolated from the soil sample using pour plate technique on selective media; starch casein agar. The isolates were identified by using standard microbiological methods and each isolate was exposed to different concentration of sodium azide to generate mutants. The wild type and mutants were compared in morphology, biochemical reactions and antibiotic susceptibility to test organism to determine the gain and loss of functions.Results: Among 30 samples processed, 20(67%) actinomycetes were isolated, in which 6 (20%) were identified as the Streptomyces spp. A total of 28 mutants were isolated from 6 wild types by exposed at 10ppm, 20ppm, 40ppm, 50ppm, 100ppm concentration of sodium azide. Out of 28 mutants formed, only 10 mutants from sample showed same pigmentation as its wild type while other 18 mutants showed change in their pigmentation. In sugar utilization test, 8 different sugars for 28 mutants each, 56 cases showed Gain of Function (GOF), similarly 44 cases showed Loss of function (LOF). Antibiosis remained unaffected against Pseudomonas i.e. no GOF or LOF was seen. Only 2 cases of LOF against Staphylococcus aureus were seen while there were no cases of LOF in other pathogens. 3 cases of GOF against E. coli, 4 against S Typhi and 4 against S. aureus were observed.Conclusion: The potential of mutant actinomycetes has been realized, and hence opens exciting avenues in the field of biotechnology and biomedical research.
Rotavirus Infection among Diarrhoeal Children under 10 Years of Age Visiting a Children’s Hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Khadka Rama , Sherchand Jeevan Bahadur , Basnyat Shaila , Shrestha Ranju , Adhikari Nabaraj
Published: November 2018

Objectives: The present study was conducted to assess the rate of rotavirus causes of diarrhoea among children under 10 years of age visiting a children’s hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal.Methods: This study was carried out from October 2010 to July 2011. During the study, a total of 1068 diarrheal stool samples were collected from inpatient and outpatient department of children less than 10 years of age attending Kanti Children’s Hospital and processed in Public Health Research Laboratory, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH). About 5 ml of fresh diarrhoeal stool samples was collected and were transferred into vials which were preserved by adding buffer solution for detection of rotavirus. Samples for rotavirus antigen detection were detected by using Enzyme Immuno Assay. Data were entered into Microsoft excel and SPSS and analysis was done employing Chi-square test.Results: Among 1068 total cases, 22.0% (235/1068) children were infected with rotavirus which was found to be highest in inpatient (26.2%) with severe case (37.1%) then outpatients (12.1%). Rotavirus were found to be highest in male children (22.9%) under 2 years (23.8%) of age group. Among all season, the rotavirus infection was highest in winter seasons (29.6%) followed by spring season (26.7%) and others. According to father occupation and mother education, the prevalence of rotavirus was found to be high in children with fathers having occupation labor (27.8%) and found to be higher in children with illiterate mother (38.9%).Conclusion: The routine diagnosis of rotavirus in Nepal is not done. So it can be concluded that routine stool examination should include detection of Rotavirus antigen in diagnosis of acute pediatrics diarrhoeal illness which helps in management for diarrhoeal population.
Revisão de métodos convencionais de controle de qualidade biológico de biofármacos de origem recombinante e biossimilares e perspectivas de métodos alternativos: https://doi.org/10.31415/bjns.v1i3.36
Authors: Blanco Marcos Luengo
Published: November 2018

A produção de biossimilares ou biofármacos com patentes expiradas pode ser uma oportunidade de crescimento para a indústria biofarmacêutica no Brasil. Entende-se por atividade biológica a habilidade ou capacidade específica do produto em obter um efeito biológico definido. Ela serve a múltiplos propósitos, na avaliação da qualidade do produto, sendo necessária para a caracterização e análise de medicamentos biossimilares, quando de sua comparação com um produto referência. Nessa breve revisão, o principal objetivo é explorar de forma mais critica o desenvolvimento e padronização de novas metodologias, que possam avaliar a atividade biológica de biofármacos e biossimilares, sob a luz de rever os principais modelos celulares utilizados, para desafiar a potencialidade dessas moléculas de atividade biológica, comparado com os modelos clássicos de células da linhagem murinas ou leveduras. A evolução de estudos bioanalíticos em torno desse assunto poderá contribuir para a disponibilização de testes de atividade biológica de maior precisão, gerando resultados mais conclusivos e seguros para os testes clínicos de fase I, II e III, no processo de regulamentação dos biossimilares. Além disso, futuramente a aplicação de testes de avaliação biológica com mais recursos analíticos, poderão ser indicados também como referência metodológica para classes diversas medicamentosas de biofármacos.
Avaliação da citotoxicidade do tea tree oil e sua ação antimicrobiana em bactéria Propionibacterium acnes : https://doi.org/10.31415/bjns.v1i3.37
Authors: Fogaça de Andrade Caroline dos Santos , Batista Nilo Fuhr , Lasakosvitsch Priscila Rodrigues , De Souza Antunes Valéria Maria , Oliveira Carlos Rocha
Published: November 2018

Nos últimos anos, de uma maneira geral, as pessoas estão focadas tanto na saúde como na aparência e veem buscando alternativas naturais de tratamento para diversas doenças e problemas. Uma alternativa que começou a ser explorada é o uso do óleo essencial de Melaleuca alternifolia, uma planta nativa da Austrália com baixa citotoxicidade e diversas funções, dentre elas uma ação antifúngica, antiviral e antibacteriana contra muitas bactérias, como a Propionibacterium acnes, uma bactéria causadora de umas das principais doenças que acometem jovens e adultos que é a acne e a qual não se tem muitos estudos que comprovem essa ação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a ação antimicrobiana do óleo essencial de Melaleuca alternifolia em Propionibacterium acnes através do método de Mueller Hinton e Pour Plate e sua atividade citotóxica em fibroblastos através do método de determinação do IC50 (método de exclusão por azul de tripan) e Ensaios de redução MTT à formazan e com isso conclui-se que o óleo essencial de Melaleuca Alternifolia tem baixa atividade citotóxica e alta atividade antimicrobiana contra a bactéria estudada.
‘A CALL FOR METAPHYSICS’ IN ЕMIGRЕ LITERATURE. THE FATE OF THE NOVEL
Authors: Mandelstamm Y.
Published: November 2018

‘A Call for Metaphysics’ in Еmigrе Literature. The Fate of the Novel. Love in the Modern Novel. Publication and comments by Y. Dubrovina.