bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Defining a Clinical Prediction Rule to Diagnose Bacterial Gastroenteritis Requiring Empirical Antibiotics in an Emergency Department Setting: a Retrosepctive Review
Authors: De Dios Michael , Sajeed Shanaz , Jun Dan Ong Wei , Punyadasa Amila Clarence
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUNDGastroenteritis (GE) is a nonspecific term for various pathologic states of the gastrointestinal tract. Infectious agents usually cause acute gastroenteritis. At present, there are no robust decision-making rules that predict bacterial GE and hence dictate when to start antibiotics in patients presenting with acute GE to the ED. We aim to define a clinical prediction rule to diagnose bacterial gastroenteritis requiring empirical antibiotics in an emergency department setting. METHODSA 2-year retrospective case review was performed on all cases from July 2015 to June 2017 that presented acutely with infectious GE symptoms to the Emergency Department and then had stool cultures performed. The clinical parameters analysed included patient co-morbid conditions, physical examination findings, historical markers, point of care tests and other laboratory work. We then used multivariate logistic regression analysis on each group (Bacterial culture-positive GE and Bacterial culture-negative GE) to elucidate clinical criteria with the highest yield for predicting BGE. RESULTS756 patients with a mean age of 52 years, 52% of whom were female, and 48% male, were recruited into the study. Based on the data from these patients, we suggest using a scoring system to delineate the need for empirical antibiotics in patients with suspected bacterial GE based on six clinical and laboratory variables. A score 0-3 points on the suggests low risk (5.8%) of bacterial GE. A score of 4-5 points confers an intermediate risk of 28.5% and a score of 6-8 points confers a high risk of 66.7%. A cut-off of >5 points may be used to predict culture positive BGE with a 75% sensitivity and 75% specificity. The AUROC for the scoring system (range 0-8) is 0.812+0.016 (95% CI: 0.780-0.843) p-value <0.001. CONCLUSIONWhile this is a pilot study which will require further validation with a larger sample size, our proposed decision-making rule will potentially serve to improve diagnosis of BGE, reduce unnecessary prescribing of antibiotics which will in turn reduce antibiotic associated adverse events and save costs worldwide.
Experimental Demonstration of Multi-dimensional Coding/decoding for Image Transfer with Controllable Vortex Arrays
Authors: Zhu Long , Wang Andong , Deng Mingliang , Lu Bing , Guo Xiaojin
Published: April 2021

Vortex beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM), which featuring helical phase front, have been regarded as an alternative spatial degree of freedom for optical mode coding and multiplexing. For most reported OAM-based mode coding schemes, data information is only encoded by different OAM mode states. In this paper, we introduce a novel design technique to construct vortex array phase grating (VAPGs) for the flexible generation of vortex arrays, and employ the proposed VAPGs to realize multi-dimensional space/mode/amplitude coding/decoding. By designing VAPGs with different parameters and loading them on to a single spatial light modulator (SLM), we successfully generate vortex array with different mode states and relative power in the experiments. Moreover, a 10-bit multi-dimensional space/mode/amplitude data coding/decoding scheme for image transfer in free-space link with a zero bit-error-rate is experimentally demonstrated, which confirm the feasibility of our proposed VAPG-based coding/decoding scheme.
Effects of Clinical Characteristics on Sleep Quality in Patients with Chronic Temporomandibular Disorders
Authors: Lee Yeon-Hee , Auh Q-Schick , An Jung-Sub , Kim Tae
Published: April 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate and compare sleep quality between patients with chronic temporomandibular disorder and healthy controls, and to analyze the association of sleep quality with disease characteristics, obstructive sleep apnea risk factors, and excessive daytime sleepiness. Methods: Chronic temporomandibular disorder patients (n=503) and 180 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included, who completed well-organized clinical report and answered questions on sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), sleep apnea risk factors (STOP-Bang questionnaire), and excessive daytime sleepiness (Epworth sleepiness scale). Results: Mean global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores were significantly higher in the patients (6.25±2.77) than in healthy controls (6.25±2.77) (p<0.001). Poor sleep was significantly more prevalent in the patient group (56.9%) than in healthy controls (22.2%) (p<0.001). Compared with healthy controls, chronic temporomandibular disorder patients had a higher likelihood of obstructive sleep apnea. (STOP-Bang total score ≥3; 7.2% vs. 16.1%; p<0.01) and higher excessive daytime sleepiness (Epworth sleepiness scale score ≥10; 12.8% vs. 19.7%; p<0.05). Age (odds ratio=2.551; p<0.001), female sex (odds ratio=1.885; p=0.007), total Epworth sleepiness scale score (odds ratio=1.839; p=0.014), and headache attributed to temporomandibular disorder (odds ratio=1.519; p=0.049) were the most powerful predictors of poor sleep (global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score ≥5) in chronic temporomandibular disorder patients.﻿Conclusion: Chronic temporomandibular disorder patients had sleep quality impairment. Various factors, including peripheral and central factors, affect the patient's sleep quality. Therefore, in addition to sleep quality and sleep-related problems, the underlying central mechanism for poor sleep quality should be assessed when treating chronic temporomandibular disorder patients.
CURRENT APPROACHES TO THE MANAGEMENT OF NAVAL SHIPBUILDING PROJECTS
Authors:   Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Croatia, Ljulj Andrija , Slapničar Vedran , Grubišić Izvor ,   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture
Published: April 2021

The paper deals with the analysis of development and trends in the field of management of naval shipbuilding projects. The introductory part gives an overview of project management in the defense sector as well as in the naval shipbuilding sector. The analysis of naval shipbuilding project management is done through consideration of four criteria: naval strategy and long-term planning, shipbuilding industrial base, workforce, and project management organization. Due to limited resources, five countries were selected: the United States of America (USA), the United Kingdom (GBR), Australia (AUS), New Zealand (NZL), and Croatia (HRV). After individual countries have been analysed, synthesis and comparison of results were presented in tabular form. The conclusion is based on global trends in this area, how the naval shipbuilding project management in the Republic of Croatia is harmonized with them, and recommendations for improving the process of managing naval projects in the Republic of Croatia. The scientific contribution of the paper is in defining a systematic approach to managing naval shipbuilding projects that could serve as a generic model on which the future organization and management processes of naval shipbuilding projects in the Republic of Croatia and other maritime countries, that are comparable in economic strength and defense needs, may be founded.
Free-living nematode assemblages associated with maize residues and their ecological significance
Authors: Maina Samuel , Karuri Hannah , Ng’endo Rossa Nyoike
Published: April 2021

Return of plant residues to the soil is a sustainable way of enhancing plant growth, health, and levels of soil quality. In Kenya, maize plant residues are the most commonly returned plant material in many agro-ecosystems. For any plant material to release nutrients into the soil, it must undergo a decomposition process that is usually affected by various organisms, especially nematodes. Despite their great contribution to the breakdown of plant organic matter, there is a dearth of information on the interaction between maize residues and free-living nematodes (FLN) in Kenya. In this respect, this study aimed to assess the influence of decomposing maize residues on FLN dynamics and the soil food web in Mwea, Kenya. The experimental plots were set up in a randomized complete block design, comprising of decomposition plots (incorporated with maize residue to a depth of 30 cm at a rate of 5 tons/hectare), while the plots unincorporated with maize residues were used as the control. Each treatment consisted of four replicates. In all, 30 FLN genera were recovered from the field trials, whereby Acrobeles was significantly abundant in decomposition plots in both seasons. We subsequently found that maize residues reduced the abundance of enrichment opportunist bacterivores (cp-1) relative to general opportunist (cp-2) bacterivores and fungivores. Notably, the results of the channel index showed that the decomposition of maize residues was dominated by fungal energy channels throughout the study in the two seasons. These results suggest that maize residues need to be coupled with a suitable labile organic matter. This would lead to sustainable, active, and reliable turn-over of maize residues into the soil food web ecosystems. The application of labile materials can also help to improve the population of enrichment bacterivores that are essential in the decomposition process. This study shows that the decomposition of maize residues influenced FLN composition, mainly the enrichment opportunist bacterivores whose abundance was lower.
A draft transcriptome of a parasite Neocamacolaimus parasiticus (Camacolaimidae, Plectida)
Authors: Ahmed Mohammed , Adedidran Funmilola , Holovachov Oleksandr
Published: April 2021

Camacolaimidae is a clade of nematodes that include both free-living epistrate feeding forms and parasites of marine protozoans and invertebrates. Neocamacolaimus parasiticus is a parasite of marine polychaete worms. Given its phylogenetic affinities to free-living species, Neocamacolaimus can be a reference for research of the origin of parasitism in an aquatic environment. Here, we present a draft transcriptome obtained from a single post-parasitic juvenile individual of this species. The final assembly consists of 19,180 protein coding sequences (including isoforms) with the following BUSCO scores for Nematoda: 65.38% complete, 9.06% partial, and 25.56% missing, and for Metazoa: 79.45% complete, 3.17% partial, and 17.38% missing.
AN APPROACH FOR VEHICLE ROUTING PROBLEM USING GRASSHOPPER OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM AND SIMULATED ANNEALING
Authors:   Student, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Pune, India., Boro Sunil , Kumar Behera Santosh ,   Student, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Pune, India.
Published: April 2021

This paper is focused on the study of the basic problem of the vehicle for reducing the cost factor and increasing efficiency of the solution. Features and constraint uses some capabilities of the algorithm used to modify it dynamically between the nodes and depot. This is demonstrated with a feasible schedule for every node and minimizes the total cost as much as possible. The analysis is based on the address of the given model and solution procedure.The purpose of this research paper is to provide examples of models and applications which include the profits, extensions and partitioned features. The objective is to minimize the traveled distance that visits every subset of nodes one after another while maximizing or satisfying a minimum collected profit from each visited node. The concepts of VRP are discussed in Section I and the issues discussed in paper are in Section VI. Section VI also contains the modeling aspects and constraints that can be used in solving VRP in this paper. Simulated annealing and grasshopper optimization algorithm are combined for solving vehicle routing problem as discussed in Section VII. This study investigates both the variants of algorithm for the clustering nodes and different methods for the generation of routes to overcome optimal VRP solution. In conventional grasshopper algorithm, shortest path for certain node that starts from center depot is calculated by means of local search algorithms. Few methods such as ant colony optimization and genetic algorithm are considered for the route optimization. We can compare the performance of these methods to solve the VRP. Therefore, performance of the proposed method is able to produce better solutions than the other methods which reveal a large number of benchmark experimental results and is very promising.
NECROSE CUTANEE REVELANT UN DEFICIT CONGENITAL EN PROTEINE C : A PROPOS DE 3 CAS
Authors:   Service de Neonatologie Et Reanimation Neo-Natale, CHU Hassan II, Universite Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, Fes, Maroc., Halouani S. , Kojmane W. ,   Service de Neonatologie Et Reanimation Neo-Natale, CHU Hassan II, Universite Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, Fes, Maroc., Hmami F. ,   Service de Neonatologie Et Reanimation Neo-Natale, CHU Hassan II, Universite Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, Fes, Maroc., Atmani S. ,   Service de Neonatologie Et Reanimation Neo-Natale, CHU Hassan II, Universite Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, Fes, Maroc.
Published: April 2021

Neonatal skin necrosis in the context of a congenital homozygous protein C deficiency is a rare inherited autosomal recessive disorder, it is characterized by rapidly extensive necrotic patches occurring a few hours after birth in a newborn who doesnt present any hemodynamic disorder. The diagnosis is based on the assay of protein C activity which is collapsed or even undetectable. Early diagnosis and replacement therapy are the mainstays of management before the onset of disseminated intravascular coagulation. We report three cases of newborns presenting with DIC in the context of protein C deficiency and the course of which was fatal.
Clinical case of mucopolysaccharidosis type II (Hunter syndrome)
Authors: Savelieva E. V. , Pakhomov A. P. , Ilyukhina T. A. , Gromakovskaya E. I.
Published: April 2021

The article presents a rare case of type II mucopolysaccharidosis (MPs) in children. From the age of one and a half, the child was observed by an ENT doctor for 2–3 degree adenoids. At the age of 2, an adenotomy was performed. In the future, a relapse of adenoid hyperplasia. 1 year of age according to the ultrasound revealed hepatosplenomegaly. At the age of three years, type 2 mucopolysaccharidosis was suspected, which was confirmed on the basis of increased levels of heparan sulfate and dermatansulfate in the urine, molecular genetic diagnostics (mutation in exon 3 of IDS Lis135Glu in the hemizygous state. Appointed replacement therapy: Elaprase. Clinical polymorphism, different severity of symptoms combined with rare occurrence cause certain difficulties in early identification of MPs-II. Timely diagnosis is extremely important for referral of such children to specialists of an interdisciplinary center who have experience in specific treatment that is most effective in the early stage of the disease.
Surgical treatment of children with a combination of congenital lung malformations and tuberculosis
Authors: Giller D. B. , Enilenis I. I. , Koroev V. V. , Kesayev O. Sh. , Severova L. P. , Romenko M. A. , Shcherbakova G. V. , Martel I. I.
Published: April 2021

Congenital malformations of the bronchopulmonary system in combination with tuberculosis are extremely rare in practice, but they usually require surgical treatment. This combination often causes diagnostic difficulties.

Characteristics of children and research methods. We have analyzed the experience of surgical treatment of a combination of various congenital lung defects and tuberculosis in 20 children. 9 (45%) children had lung sequestration, 4 (20%) children had lung hypoplasia, 5 (25%) children had congenital bronchiectasis, 1 (5%) child had arteriovenous malformation, and 1 (5%) child had a congenital lung cyst. There were 3 segmental resections, 15 lobeand bilobectomies, and 3 pneumonectomies. All surgeries were performed using minimally invasive approaches (VATS).

Results. 11 (55%) patients had diagnostic difficulties of concomitant pathology. Only in 5 (25%) cases they found mycobacteria in sputum before surgery. Postoperative study of material from tuberculous lesions helped to establish multidrug resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis and to change the chemotherapy regimen in 3 (15%) patients. There were no postoperative complications or deaths. All surgeries were effective. Long-term results were studied in 16 (80%) of 20 patients over a period from 1 to 10 years. No cases of reactivation of tuberculosis or disability.

Conclusion. Resection surgery for combination of tuberculosis and congenital lung defects allowed to clarify the diagnosis and to achieve a direct effect in all patients by clarifying the drug resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis and to optimize postoperative chemotherapy.
Externalidade Florestal: Caracterizações e Soluções Provenientes das Legislações Florestais Brasileiras e dos Acordos Internacionais sobre Meio Ambiente
Authors: Atamanczuk Mauricio João , Prates Rodolfo Coelho
Published: April 2021

A externalidade ambiental é o prejuízo (ou benefício), relacionado às questões ambientais, causado pela atividade econômica de indivíduos que não estão envolvidos na relação de transação. As externalidades florestais são caracterizadas pela relação com as florestas, seja em função das atividades exercidas ou em função dos benefícios ou prejuízos causados a estas e aos seus serviços ambientais. Esta pesquisa objetiva caracterizar as externalidades florestais e apontar os mecanismos de solução a partir de dois grupos de documentos: os acordos internacionais e relatórios de eventos de abrangência mundial organizados por Órgãos da ONU e; a legislação brasileira sobre floresta. A pesquisa foi conduzida através de análise documental. Os resultados demonstram a associação da externalidade florestal com a forma de uso dos recursos florestais e do solo. Observa-se algumas características essenciais desta externalidade, bastante semelhante nos dois conjuntos de documentos, apesar da forma distinta de abordagem. Estas características referem-se: a) equilíbrio dinâmico das externalidades florestais; b) as externalidades positiva estão associadas aos serviços ambientais ou a redução da pressão às florestas plantadas; c) solução das questões ambientais vinculadas às florestas predominantemente a partir da regulamentação e subvenção; d) pecuniariedade caracterizada somente para a escassez dos produtos florestais comercializados como lenha e madeira; e) configuração complexa para solução dos problemas climáticos; apesar de que pode ocorrer mediante mais de um mecanismo de solução de externalidade, entre eles o mercado.
Hubungan Multiple Intelligences dengan Keterampilan Proses Sains Siswa dalam Pendidikan Biologi Abad 21
Authors: Ikbari Firyal Aulia , Istiana Rita , Triasianingrum Triasianingrum , Ichsan Ilmi Zajuli , Marhento Giry , Ali Ahmad , Arif Wiwin Pramita , Titin Titin
Published: April 2021

This study aims to determine the relationship between Multiple Intelligences and science process skills, as well as to determine the strength of relationships, the form of relationships and their functional relationships. This research was conducted from December 2019 to August 2020. The population in this study were all students of class XI MIPA SMA Negeri 4 Cibinong in the academic year 2019/2020 with a total sample of 154 respondents. Results of the analysis show a positive relationship between Multiple Intelligences and science process skills, with the regression equation Ŷ = 27.228 + 0.128x. The correlation coefficient (r) is 0.409 while the coefficient of determination (r2) is calculated at 16.7%. Science process skills can be seen from Multiple Intelligences while 83.3% is formed from other factors that help shape students' science process skills.
Ideology Contestation in Management of University Library Development
Authors: Laugu Nurdin
Published: April 2021

Library collection development is mostly studied as professionalism based on a positivistic paradigm neglecting constructivist based paradigm. This constructivist base is reflected in various factors, such as ideology and commodification, which influence collection development. This research aims to investigate ideological contestation and commodification of institutions and audiences related to the collection development of Muhammadiyah University library. The ideological contestation was examined using Giddens’ structuration and Bourdieu’s habitus. The research data was collected from interviews with five informants from librarians and library directors. The data were supported by observation and documentation. The data obtained were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman technique based on three stages: reduction, display, and conclusion/verification. The results of the research found three formations in contestation, i.e. internal institutions, external institutions, and professionalism of librarians. The internal institution represented by the UMY Library encountered with outside institutions, such as American Corner, Iranian Corner, and publishers. Meanwhile, librarians show their professionalism in facing the ideological domination of those institutions through various strategies regarding the development of library collection.
Preferensi Pemilih Muslim Milenial pada Pemilihan Presiden-Wakil Presiden 2019
Authors: Jubba Hasse , Iribaram Suparto , Pabbajah Mustaqim , Elizabeth Misbah Zulfa
Published: April 2021

This paper discusses the issue of the tendency to vote of millennial Muslim voters in presidential-vice presidential elections 2019. This issue is answered through three questions. Applying mix-methods of quantitative and qualitative, the data was obtained through surveys and interviews as well as literature studies. The results were analyzed using a descriptive-analytical analysis. These results of this research show three important things. First, millennial Muslim voters in the presidential-vice presidential election 2019 tend to choose civilians as potential leaders. Civilians are considered capable of overcoming problems and can advance Indonesia in the future. Second, there are variations in the reasons for voters voting their candidates. In addition to performance factors, firmness and competency factors are the drivers for voters to make choices regarding contending candidates. Third, differences in political choices have an impact on polarization among Muslim communities. Different choices lead to new groupings in Muslim societies and even tend to emerge hates and dislikes from each other.
Hijrah Movement in Indonesia: Shifting Concept and Implementation in Religiosity
Authors: Hamudy Nurul Annisa , Hamudy Moh. Ilham A.
Published: April 2021

Hijrah is considered as a change in attitude and religious experience, from looseness to strictness. The phenomenon of hijrah shows the view that piety should be appeared in outward form. This research illustrates that hijrah is not always a role model of piety, but it can also be a spread of frozen ideology, depicting the commodification of religion, and is considered as discussing only ḥalāl and ḥarām issues. Applying a qualitative approach, this study takes the data in litterer source both the religious text and media. The sources of data in media come from media statements related to the hijrah phenomenon. The research results show: first, hijrah is interesting for some Muslims because Islamic teachings are more practical, less philosophical and complicated. Second, the meaning of hijrah as its original meaning is not limited to aspects of existence; rather, the religious spirit is interpreted as a personal spiritual journey that will continue throughout human life. The shifting phenomenon on hijrah much influenced by media and social media wave that blow up the value of practicality, consumerism, and commodification of religion.
DEVELOPMENT OF A FIELD MOBILE STANDARD OF THE 2ND CATEGORY AS A TOOL FOR VERIFYING WELL PRODUCTION MEASURING EQUIPMENT
Authors: VERSHININ Vladimir E. , NIKULIN Sergey G. , Stupnikov Andrej A.
Published: April 2021

In recent years, in the oil production industry there is a tendency of mass use of stationary multiphase metering units for determining oil, water, and associated gas flow rates in the recoverable well production. Automated group metering units, allowing to cover the whole group of wells in rotation metering mode, became widespread. The necessity of equipping wells with individual or group measuring devices is dictated, first of all, by the economic tasks of improving oil recovery factor and production optimization. In these conditions, the task of periodic verification of stationary measuring devices in the field with the help of mobile standards-measuring devices of higher accuracy class becomes urgent. The standard’s mobility and the need to work in the field with fluids of different composition significantly complicates the task of creating such a device. The practicality and economy of the created units first of all depends on a choice of a measuring method determining the design of the unit. This article analyzes the existing types of equipment for measuring oil, gas, and water consumption at the oil production wells. Showing the main advantages and disadvantages of each of them, this paper proves the necessity of using complex solutions based on different physical principles to improve the accuracy of measurements. The authors have proposed a combined scheme of a mobile standard of the 2nd category with a dynamic method for measuring the phase rates at the core. The unit performs a multi-stage partial separation of the input multiphase flow into liquid and gas phases and determines the fractions of water and oil in the liquid stream using a hydrostatic-type mixture composition analyzer. In addition, this article indicates the ways of increasing the accuracy of the measuring installation.
IMPROVING THE RELIABILITY OF THE FUEL OIL HEATING SYSTEM AT THE TYUMEN TETS-2
Authors: GRIGORIEV Boris V. , SHASTUNOVA Ulyana Yu.
Published: April 2021

This article describes an engineering solution that allows a significant reduction in the material costs of heating reserve fuel (fuel oil) at the energy facility of the Tyumen Thermal Power Plant No. 2 (TETs 2), as well as make the heating system more reliable and less energy-intensive. Using the methods for calculating the input and output parameters of the supply pipeline and finding the surface area of the heat exchange of the coil, the authors describe the means for finding the thickness of the thermal insulation of the pipe and tank. The main equations for creating calculation methods are the heat balance equation. Using the criterion dependencies has helped in calculating the process of convective heat transfer. In addition, the authors provide the graphs for determining the steam flow rate depending on the ambient air temperature and wind speed and nomograms for determining the temperature inside the thermal insulation of the tank.
Morfometria e relações dendrométricas de Eugenia pyriformis Cambess
Authors: Suélen Hellmann  , Luciano Farinha Watzlawick  , Patricia Carla Giloni de Lima  , Vanderlei Aparecido de Lima
Published: April 2021

Visando descrever e avaliar características morfométricas de Eugenia pyriformis Cambess. no Jardim Botânico de Faxinal do Céu (Pinhão, PR), como subsídio à elaboração do manejo adequado para a espécie, 40 indivíduos jovens e adultos, localizados ao longo da área, foram amostrados. Foram mensurados, com hipsómetro Blume-Lein e fita métrica, o diâmetro à altura do peito (DAP), a altura total (H), a altura de inserção da copa (IC) ou altura comercial do fuste (HF) e os quatro raios de projeção de copa nos sentidos cardeais. As variáveis analisadas foram: altura total (H), altura comercial do fuste (HF), diâmetro à altura do peito (DAP), diâmetro de copa (DC), comprimento de copa (CC), proporção de copa (PC), área de projeção da copa (APC), grau de esbeltez (GE), índice de saliência (IS), índice de abrangência (IA), formal de copa (FC) e número de árvores por hectare (n/ha). A espécie apresenta alta plasticidade na forma de copa e alta capacidade produtiva de acordo com a projeção de copa. A análise de regressão linear, para demonstrar as relações morfométricas, evidenciou correlação positiva para o DAP com o diâmetro de copa e comprimento de copa e correlação negativa com o grau de esbeltez e o índice de saliência.
Otimização do método de produção massal de Trichoderma asperellum (Ascomycota: Hypocreaceae) em arroz
Authors: Jorge González Aguilera  , Jean Carlos De Souza Santos  , Carolina Sousa Oliveira Santos  , Alan Mario Zuffo  , Rogerio Vian  , Ícaro Raoni Ecke Medeiros  , Alexandre Barbosa  , Roberto Balbino Da Silva  , Janaina Tauil Bernardo
Published: April 2021

Produtos à base de Trichoderma spp. são amplamente utilizados no controle de doenças de solo. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi determinar o efeito de dois métodos de umedecimento do arroz (M1 e M2), duas posições distintas de acondicionamento dos sacos na sala de crescimento, e quatro diferentes áreas de fita microporosa como parte do processo de otimização da produção de Trichoderma asperellum. O delineamento adotado foi fatorial (2 x 2 x 4) com três repetições. Inicialmente foi ajustada a quantidade de água a ser empregada no método M2, sendo testados os volumes de 0, 80, 100, 120, 140, 160 e 180 ml e, posteriormente, estes foram avaliados por meio de duas escalas de notas, uma para o desenvolvimento de micélio e outra para a esporulação. Estimaram-se também as variáveis peso do arroz colonizado (PAC) e unidades formadoras de colônias (UFC) em dois experimentos, para ambos os métodos. Ao variar a quantidade de água no saco, concluiu-se que o fungo é dependente de uma maior porcentagem de umidade no substrato, com diferenças significativas (P<0.05). Ao analisar a Anova, constataram-se diferenças altamente significativas (P><0.01) para as interações duplas e triplas entre os fatores testados. O método M2 permitiu uma maior economia de tempo, proporcionando também valores superiores para PAC e UFC, combinados com a posição horizontal e com uma área de fita microporosa de 20 cm2 . Tal combinação promoveu o maior desenvolvimento do fungo T. asperellum nas condições testadas.
Tratamento de sementes de alface com bioestimulantes à base de algas
Authors: Alfred Johann Santos Becker  , Vanessa Neumann Silva
Published: April 2021

A alface é uma hortaliça de grande produção e consumo e propagada via sementes. A presente pesquisa visou avaliar a influência no tratamento de sementes de alface de diferentes cultivares de bioestimulantes à base de algas, na germinação e no desenvolvimento de plântulas. Foram utilizados bioestimulantes das algas Ascophyllum nodosum e Solieria spp. O delineamento experimental usado foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 3 × 4 (cultivares e doses), separadamente, para cada bioestimulante, com cinco repetições. Utilizaram-se as cultivares de alface Batavia Cacimba, Grand Rapids e Itapuã Super, e as doses de 0, 1, 2 e 4 mL.L-1. O desempenho das sementes foi avaliado por meio de: teste de germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação, comprimento de raízes e de parte aérea e massa seca de plântulas. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos a análise de variância, teste de Tukey, para comparação de cultivares (p < 0,05), e análise de regressão, para avaliação do fator doses. As doses de bioestimulantes à base de A. nodosum e Solieria spp. utilizadas nesta pesquisa não promoveram melhoria na germinação nem no desenvolvimento de plântulas de diferentes cultivares de alface. As cultivares de alface responderam de forma diferenciada ao tratamento de sementes com bioestimulantes de algas marrom e vermelha.
QUALIDADE PERCEBIDA NO USO DAS CORES EM UMA CLÍNICA DE PSICOLOGIA VOLTADA PARA ADULTOS
Authors: Manuela Mello Fernandes  , Kátia Maria de Lima Araújo
Published: April 2021

Este estudo buscou averiguar a qualidade percebida no uso das cores a fim de entender e aplicar suas propriedades no design de interiores de estabelecimentos assistenciais de saúde. Ele procurou na história o uso da cor como elemento terapêutico, exemplificando experimentos realizados por teóricos, designers e psicólogos nos dias atuais, verificando a qualidade cromática percebida, por meio do significado e das sensações que cada cor transmite aos usuários do ambiente em que a cor foi trabalhada. Com base na compreensão da influência desse elemento, este trabalho apresenta uma proposta de uso de cores no design de interiores de uma clínica de psicologia voltada para adultos.
CONSTRUÇÃO DE ÓRTESES EM FIBRA DE CARBONO DE BAIXO CUSTO
Authors: César Giracca  , Eugênio Andrés Díaz Merino
Published: April 2021

Este artigo teve como objetivo definir os procedimentos de construção de um dispositivo de tecnologia assistiva (órtese) em compósito de fibra de carbono, um material de reforço fibroso e matriz polimérica epoxílica. Teve-se como foco a redução de custos, buscando um produto de qualidade, resistência mecânica, inovador e resistente às ações intempéries. Para alcançar esse objetivo, num primeiro momento foram realizados o escaneamento tridimensional do usuário, a modelagem matemática (SolidWorks ou CAD), a simulação mecânica (Abaqus) e finalmente a materialização do dispositivo. Como resultado, obteve-se uma órtese em fibra de carbono retratando fielmente a morfologia do usuário. A simulação mecânica permitiu determinar a quantidade mínima de material para construção da órtese, garantindo a sua resistência e qualidade no menor custo possível, atendendo de forma satisfatória a um dos resultados esperados. Quanto à materialização final do dispositivo, este foi testado com o usuário, para os ajustes e refinamentos. Concluiu-se que é possível desenvolver uma órtese em fibra de carbono com baixo custo, seguindo as orientações definidas neste artigo. Trata-se de uma oportunidade de atender a usuários com dispositivos de tecnologia assistiva de baixo custo, porém de elevada qualidade e durabilidade.
AVALIAÇÃO QUALITATIVA DO USO DE TIJOLOS DE SOLO-CIMENTO COM INCORPORAÇÃO DE RESÍDUOS DA FIBRA DE BAMBU PRODUZIDOS NO MUNICÍPIO DE ITAJUBÁ (MG)
Authors: David Pacheco Vilela  , Daniele Ornaghi Sant’Anna
Published: April 2021

Esta pesquisa propôs-se a estudar materiais construtivos à base dos resíduos da confecção de produtos feitos de bambu, a sua fibra, os quais foram submetidos à caracterização tecnológica e avaliados quanto à viabilidade de ser incorporados na composição da mistura dos tijolos de solo-cimento, em substituição adicional. Sua finalidade é utilizar tais resíduos de forma produtiva, para ser empregados como um novo material, mais especificamente na fabricação dos tijolos de solocimento. Realizaram-se alguns ensaios com o solo usado na fabricação dos tijolos, com o intuito de caracterizá-lo e constatar sua aplicação na composição solo-cimento, além dos ensaios de resistência à compressão e à absorção de água, nos quais foram empregados como corpos de prova os próprios tijolos, conforme as referidas normas. As contribuições desta pesquisa permitem integrar a tecnologia produtiva, o baixo custo e a necessidade de soluções viáveis para minimizar os impactos ambientais na construção civil e alcançar um aproveitamento otimizado dos recursos locais na implementação de futuras construções utilizando essa técnica.
Expediente
Authors: Adriane C. Kasprowicz
Published: April 2021

expediente
PROJETANDO PARA CATADORES DE MATERIAL RECICLADO
Authors: Lucas Gabriel Vieira Soares  , Fernanda Henriques
Published: April 2021

Uma grande quantidade de lixo é produzida diariamente em centros urbanos e a maioria dos resíduos descartados é material passível de reciclagem. Nas cidades brasileiras, são diminutos os incentivos à reciclagem, como também são reduzidas as fiscalizações e as punições ao descarte indevido. Nesse cenário encontramos um trabalhador urbano frequentemente marginalizado que faz a coleta, a separação e a comercialização dos resíduos: o catador de material reciclável. Suas condições de trabalho são muitas vezes precárias: para conseguir carregar o material recolhido para o local adequado, usa suas próprias forças ou conta com tração animal para auxiliá-lo. Dessa forma, este estudo tem como objetivo formular diretrizes de design inclusivo e social com o intuito de desenvolver o projeto de uma bicicleta elétrica assistida capaz de promover uma melhor condição de trabalho aos agentes de reciclagem urbana, encontrando-se, no momento de escrita deste artigo, em fase pré-projetual.
Communication of Leadership and Group Conformity in Community Forest Management
Authors: Rosmanita Ike , Sarwoprasodjo Sarwititi , Mardiana Rina
Published: April 2021

The utilization of forest areas, especially in production forest areas managed by Perhutani, provides benefits to communities around the forest. The Collaborative Forest Management Program (PHBM) is supposed to improve community welfare and forest sustainability. Studies on the environment or forest area, group conformity (adjustment), and environmental values used by farmer groups in forest management practices can be analyzed using environment communication. The purpose of this research: Profile Mitra Tani Sejahtera group of forest village community associations (PMDH); Analyze relationship characteristics (cohesiveness and style of leadership) between forest management behavior of farmer groups; Analyze relationship conformity between forest management behavior farmer group; and Analyze environment values with forest management behavior. This research was conducted at the Mitra Tani Sejahtera group in Kediri. This study had 100 respondents using a random sampling system. Sampling from population data begins with determining the sample size using the Slovin formula. Data collection was carried out using questionnaires and closed interviews, and FGD. Data analysis used the Pearson correlation test to determine the relationship between variables. The results showed that the Pearson correlation coefficient between the cohesiveness and forest guarding behavior was .549 **. There is a correlation between cohesiveness and forest protection behavior of 0.549. leadership style related to community behavior in protecting the forest by .245 **. The Result shows is a relationship between group characteristics (cohesiveness and leadership style) with the practices of maintaining forest security because of the sense of kinship in the group and a democratic leadership style. Conformity has a relationship with practices maintaining forest security because it complies with the rules made by Perhutani. Environmental values have a relationship with management forest security behavior because of a sense of cooperation within the group.
Analisis Kapasitas Kerja dan Kelayakan Usaha Agroindustri Beras
Authors:   Universitas Padjadjaran, Thoriq Ahmad , Sugandi Wahyu Kristian ,   Universitas Padjadjaran, Yusuf Asep ,   Universitas Padjadjaran, Nurhasanah Rikha ,   Universitas Padjadjaran
Published: April 2021

Pada beberapa daerah, aktivitas usaha tani dan produksi beras tidak sepenuhnya dilakukan secara mekanis, padahal terdapat Unit Pelayanan Jasa Alat dan Mesin Pertanian (UPJA). UPJA menyediakan beberapa mesin pertanian yang dapat digunakan petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan analisis efisiensi kapasitas kerja dan kelayakan usaha proses produksi beras secara manual dan mekanis. Data dikumpulkan melalui pengukuran langsung terhadap kapasitas kerja pada aktivitas produksi beras secara manual dan mekanis dan wawancara langsung untuk mendapatkan data analisis kelayakan usaha. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas kerja pada aktivitas budidaya padi sawah hingga panen yang dilakukan secara manual dan mekanis adalah 0.427 ha/jam dan 0.874 ha/jam, sedangkan kapasitas kerja pada aktivitas pasca panen yang dilakukan secara manual dan mekanis adalah 468.34 kg/jam dan 635.47 kg/jam. Pada usaha produksi beras dengan tingkat suku bunga 7% pertahun yang dilakukan secara manual diperoleh nilai NPV Rp 180 372 465, BCR 1.30, IRR 30.67%, PBP terjadi pada musim ke-4 dan diperoleh keuntungan usaha sebesar Rp 8 326 167/musim, sedangkan pada produksi beras secara mekanis dengan alsintan sewa diperoleh nilai NPV Rp 223 099 135, BCR 1.30, IRR 30.89%, PBP terjadi pada musim ke-4 dan diperoleh keuntungan usaha sebesar Rp 10 280 776/musim.
Effective Training Data Extraction Method to Improve Influenza Outbreak Prediction from Online News Articles: Deep Learning Model Study
Authors: Jang Beakcheol , Kim Inhwan , Kim Jong Wook
Published: April 2021

Background

Each year, influenza affects 3 to 5 million people and causes 290,000 to 650,000 fatalities worldwide. To reduce the fatalities caused by influenza, several countries have established influenza surveillance systems to collect early warning data. However, proper and timely warnings are hindered by a 1- to 2-week delay between the actual disease outbreaks and the publication of surveillance data. To address the issue, novel methods for influenza surveillance and prediction using real-time internet data (such as search queries, microblogging, and news) have been proposed. Some of the currently popular approaches extract online data and use machine learning to predict influenza occurrences in a classification mode. However, many of these methods extract training data subjectively, and it is difficult to capture the latent characteristics of the data correctly. There is a critical need to devise new approaches that focus on extracting training data by reflecting the latent characteristics of the data.

Objective

In this paper, we propose an effective method to extract training data in a manner that reflects the hidden features and improves the performance by filtering and selecting only the keywords related to influenza before the prediction.

Methods

Although word embedding provides a distributed representation of words by encoding the hidden relationships between various tokens, we enhanced the word embeddings by selecting keywords related to the influenza outbreak and sorting the extracted keywords using the Pearson correlation coefficient in order to solely keep the tokens with high correlation with the actual influenza outbreak. The keyword extraction process was followed by a predictive model based on long short-term memory that predicts the influenza outbreak. To assess the performance of the proposed predictive model, we used and compared a variety of word embedding techniques.

Results

Word embedding without our proposed sorting process showed 0.8705 prediction accuracy when 50.2 keywords were selected on average. Conversely, word embedding using our proposed sorting process showed 0.8868 prediction accuracy and an improvement in prediction accuracy of 12.6%, although smaller amounts of training data were selected, with only 20.6 keywords on average.

Conclusions

The sorting stage empowers the embedding process, which improves the feature extraction process because it acts as a knowledge base for the prediction component. The model outperformed other current approaches that use flat extraction before prediction.
Identifying Patients on Twitter and Learning from Their Personal Experience: The Case of IBD (Preprint)
Authors: Stemmer Maya , Parmet Yisrael , Ravid Gilad
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Social media serve as an alternate information source for patients, who use them to share information and provide social support. Though large amounts of health-related data are being posted on Twitter and other social networking platforms each day, research using social media data for understanding chronic conditions and patients' lifestyles is still lacking.

OBJECTIVE

In this research we contribute to closing this gap by providing a framework for identifying patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) on Twitter and learning from their personal experience. We enable the analysis of patients' tweets by building a classifier of Twitter users that distinguishes patients from other entities.
The research aims to assess the feasibility of using social media data to promote chronically ill patients' wellbeing, by relying on the wisdom of the crowd for identifying healthy lifestyles. We seek to leverage posts describing patients' daily activities and the influence on their wellbeing for characterizing different treatments and understanding what works for whom.

METHODS

In the first stage of the research, a machine learning method combining both social network analysis and natural language processing was used to classify users as patients or not automatically. Three types of features were considered: (1) the user's behavior on Twitter, (2) the content of the user's tweets, and (3) the social structure of the user's network. Different classification algorithms were examined and compared using two measures (F1-score and precision) over 10-fold cross-validation.
In the second stage of the research, the obtained classification methods were used to collect tweets of patients, in which they refer to the different lifestyle changes they endure in order to deal with their disease. Using IBM Watson Service for entity sentiment analysis, we calculated the average sentiment of 420 lifestyle-related words that IBD patients use when describing their daily routine.

RESULTS

The best classification results (F1-score 0.808 and precision 0.809) for identifying IBD patients among Twitter users were achieved by a multiple-instance learning approach, which constitutes the novelty of this research. The sentiment analysis of tweets written by IBD patients identified frequently mentioned lifestyles and their influence on patients' wellbeing. The findings reinforced what is known about suitable nutrition for IBD, and several foods that are known to cause inflammation were highlighted as words with negative sentiment.

CONCLUSIONS

Patients everywhere use social media to share health and treatment information, learn from each other's experiences, and provide social support. Mining these informative conversations may shed some light on patients' ways of life and support chronic conditions research.
Characterization and Utilization of Sulphuric Acid and Bitter Leaf Extract Activated Carbon from Rice Husk for Zn(II) Adsorption
Authors: Osasona Ilesanmi , Kanuhor Ujiro Bestow
Published: April 2021

The world is clamoring for green synthetic modes of scientific and technological operations. From this point of view, an attempt was made to prepare activated carbon from rice husk using aqueous bitter leaf extract and a mineral acid (H2SO4) separately. The surface characteristics and the adsorption properties of the activated carbons from both methods were compared. The effects of adsorption variables on the adsorption of Zn(II) by bitter leaf extract activated carbon (RHAC1) and H2SO4 activated carbon (RHAC2) were conducted through batch studies. The morphological characterization revealed RHAC1 to be fibrous, more porous and contained finer particles than the chemical-activated counterpart. The role of hydroxyl and carbonyl groups in the adsorption of Zn(II) was pivotal. The optimum pH values for the adsorption of Zn(II) by both samples was 7. The adsorption kinetics and equilibrium isotherm obeyed Elovich and Freundlich models respectively while the evaluated Langmuir qmax were 71.47 and 67.12 mg g–1 for RHAC1 and RHAC2 respectively. The thermodynamic parameters revealed that the process was endothermic and spontaneous at all evaluated temperatures. Therefore, bitter leaf aqueous extract, as an activating agent for carbon production, could serve as a better or close substitute for the less environment-friendly H2SO4.