bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Serum S100B and NSE Levels Correlate With Infarct Size and Bladder-Bowel Involvement Among Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients
Authors: Khandare Pravin , Saluja Alvee , Solanki Ravi S. , Singh Ritu , Vani Kavita , Garg Divyani , Dhamija Rajinder K.
Published: March 2022

Objectives Stroke is a major global health concern. Due to limited availability of neuroimaging particularly in rural and regional areas in India as well as its limitation, the interest in use of biochemical markers for stroke diagnosis, severity, and prognosis is increasing. Only a handful of studies on stroke biomarkers have been conducted in India. Hence, this study was conducted to investigate the correlation of serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) levels with stroke severity according to infarct size in acute ischemic stroke patients.

Material and Methods Sixty stroke patients were recruited for the study and were evaluated. Noncontrast computed tomography (CT) scan of the brain was performed for all patients within 48 hours of onset of symptoms. Infarct volume was measured by evaluating dimensions in three planes on CT head. Serum NSE and S100B levels were measured by commercially available immunoassay kits. Continuous data was represented as mean ± standard deviation. Categorical data was expressed in terms of percentages and proportions. Pearson's correlation coefficient was applied to assess correlation between NSE and S100B and infarct size. Infarct size was classified arbitrarily into three groups according to infarct volume (low, moderate, and large) and analysis of variance was applied for comparing mean S100B and NSE levels in the three groups. To assess the independent predictors of infarct size among stroke cases, multivariate logistic regression analysis was used. Association between serum S100B or NSE levels and clinical features was done by the Mann–Whitney U test.

Results Correlation between serum S100B protein levels and NSE with larger infarct volume was highly significant (r(S100B) = 0.611, p (S100B) < 0.0001; r(NSE) = 0.258, p(NSE) = 0.047). Using multivariate regression analysis, bladder and bowel involvement, prior stroke history, and dyslipidemia among stroke patients correlated with a larger infarct size. Mann–Whitney U test showed both NSE and S100B levels were significantly associated with bladder bowel involvement among stroke cases.

Conclusion There was a positive correlation between serum S100B and NSE levels with infarct size. In addition, bladder-bowel involvement among stroke patients was associated with increased S100B levels. Therefore, levels of protein S100B and NSE may serve as indicator of infarct size and may be predictors of severe clinical presentations of acute ischemic stroke.
Relationship between Time of Day of Medical Emergency Team Activations and Outcomes of Hospitalized Pediatric Patients
Authors: Feder Joshua , Ramsay Christa , Tsampalieros Anne , Barrowman Nick , Richardson Kara , Rizakos Sara , Sweet Julia , McNally James Dayre , Lobos Anna-Theresa
Published: March 2022

This study was conducted to investigate whether outcomes of medical emergency team (MET) activations differ by time of day of hospitalized pediatric patients. This is a retrospective cohort study conduct at a tertiary pediatric hospital. Data were extracted from the charts of 846 patients (with one or more MET activations) over a 5-year period. Also can remove hospital names and affiliated institution from the body of the text as readers can find this information in the author list. Patients included children <18 years, admitted to a pediatric ward, who experienced a MET activation between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2020. We excluded patients reviewed by the MET during a routine follow-up, planned pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admissions from the ward, and MET activation in out-patient settings, post-anesthesia care unit, and neonatal intensive care unit. There was no intervention. A total of 1,230 MET encounters were included as part of the final analysis. Daytime (08:00–15:59) MET activation was associated with increased PICU admission (25.3%, p = 0.04). There was some evidence of a higher proportion of critical deterioration events (CDEs) during daytime MET activation; however, this did not reach statistical significance (24%, p = 0.09). The highest MET dosage occurred during the evening hours, 16:00 to 23:59 (15/1,000 admissions), and it was lowest overnight, 00:00 to 07:59 (8.8/1,000 admissions, p < 0.001). This period of lowest MET dosage immediately preceded the highest likelihood of PICU admission (08:00, 37.5%) and CDE (09:00, 30.2%). Following the period of lowest MET activity overnight, MET activations during early daytime hours were associated with the highest likelihood of unplanned PICU admission and CDEs. This work identifies potential high-risk periods for undetected critical deterioration and targets for future quality improvement.
Advanced dew-point control system in two-pressure humidity generator to stabilize dew-point generation in low dew-point range
Authors: Ishiwata Naoya , Abe Hisashi
Published: March 2022

We developed a novel dew-point control system [advanced dew-point control system (ADCS)] in a primary standard humidity generator based on the two-pressure technique. In the ADCS, the actual vapor–liquid equilibrium temperature of water was estimated for the dew-point control, and the pressure inside the main saturator was controlled by adjusting the variable opening of an expansion valve. Using the ADCS, the periodic variation (oscillation) in the dew point observed in the low dew-point range was greatly reduced. The stability of dew-point generation was improved by 23-fold.
Oxygen defect engineered magnetism of La2NiMnO6 thin films
Authors: Palakkal Jasnamol P. , Schneider Thorsten , Alff Lambert
Published: March 2022

The double perovskite La2NiMnO6 (LNMO) exhibits complex magnetism due to the competition of magnetic interactions that are strongly affected by structural and magnetic inhomogeneities. In this work, we study the effect of oxygen annealing on the structure and magnetism of epitaxial thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition. The key observations are that a longer annealing time leads to a reduction of saturation magnetization and an enhancement in the ferromagnetic transition temperature. We explain these results based upon epitaxial strain and oxygen defect engineering. The oxygen enrichment by annealing caused a decrease in the volume of the perovskite lattice. This increased the epitaxial strain of the films that are in-plane locked to the SrTiO3 substrate. The enhanced strain caused a reduction in the saturation magnetization due to randomly distributed anti-site defects. The reduced oxygen defects concentration in the films due to the annealing in oxygen improved the ferromagnetic long-range interaction and caused an increase in the magnetic transition temperature.
Open samarocene and ytterbocenes and their adducts with
Authors: Raeder Jan , Jördens Jan H. , Walter Marc D.
Published: March 2022

Reaction of the open samarocene [(η5-pdl′)2Sm(thf)2] (1-Sm; pdl′ = 2,4-tBu2C5H5) towards IMes (= 1,3-dimesitylimidazolin-2-ylidene), ItBu (= 1,3-di-tert-butylimidazolin-2-ylidene) and IiPr2Me2 (= 1,3-diisopropyl-4,5-dimethylimidazolin-2-ylidene) forms the corresponding NHC adducts, [(pdl′)2Sm(IMes)] (2-Sm), [(pdl′)2Sm(ItBu)] (3-Sm) and [(pdl′)2Sm(IiPr2Me2)] (4-Sm), respectively in good to excellent yields. Diverging reactivity patterns emerge when we attempted to prepare the related adducts using the open ytterbocene [(pdl′)2Yb(thf)] (1-Yb). Attributed to the smaller ionic radius of YbII no adduct is observed for IMes. However, for the smaller ItBu ligand iso-butene elimination occurs to yield the imidazole YbII adduct (3′-Yb). For the slightly less sterically encumbered IiPr2Me2 two products were isolated, albeit in low yield: [(pdl′)2Yb(IiPr2Me2)] (4-Yb) and [{(pdl′)Yb(IiPr2Me2)(μ-S)}2] (5-Yb). The surprising formation of the μ-sulfido bridged species 5-Yb suggested that this product might result from trace impurities of imidazoline-2-thione originating from the synthesis of IiPr2Me2. To verify this hypothesis the first imidazoline-2-thione adducts in organolanthanide chemistry were prepared by the reaction of 1-Sm and 1-Yb towards S=IMe2Me2 and S=IiPr2Me2, respectively. All of these adducts were structurally authenticated. However, the imidazoline-2-thione adducts slowly degrade in solution with the Yb derivatives being less stable. Analyses of the organic degradation products suggest that reduction of imidazoline-2-thione to imidazoline-2-ylidene can indeed be accomplished by the lanthanide metal (providing one electron) as well as the (pdl′)− ligand (also delivering one electron).
Las tragedias de Sófocles traducidas por Pedro Montengón
Authors: Delgado Ramiro González
Published: March 2022

A manuscript preserved in the Royal Academy of History of Madrid shows that Pedro Montengón (1745–1824) translated the Sophoclean dramas Oedipus Rex, Electra and Philoctetes. This author wrote an interesting prologue with reflections on the Greek tragedy. In this paper, we will try to situate this production in its cultural context, analyze these translations, examine his thoughts and disquisitions on Greek tragedy and search for the reasons that prompted him to make these translations, silenced until the end of the twentieth century.
Automatic Detection of Teeth and Dental Treatment Patterns on Dental Panoramic Radiographs Using Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Choi Hye-Ran , Siadari Thomhert Suprapto , Kim Jo-Eun , Huh Kyung-Hoe , Yi Won-Jin , Lee Sam-Sun , Heo Min-Suk
Published: March 2022

Disaster victim identification issues are especially critical and urgent after a large-scale disaster. The aim of this study was to suggest an automatic detection of natural teeth and dental treatment patterns based on dental panoramic radiographs (DPRs) using deep learning to promote its applicability as human identifiers. A total of 1 638 DPRs, of which the chronological age ranged from 20 to 49 years old, were collected from January 2000 to November 2020. This dataset consisted of natural teeth, prostheses, teeth with root canal treatment, and implants. The detection of natural teeth and dental treatment patterns including the identification of teeth number was done with a pre-trained object detection network which was a convolutional neural network modified by EfficientDet-D3. The objective metrics for the average precision were 99.1% for natural teeth, 80.6% for prostheses, 81.2% for treated root canals, and 96.8% for implants, respectively. The values for the average recall were 99.6%, 84.3%, 89.2%, and 98.1%, in the same order, respectively. This study showed outstanding performance of convolutional neural network using dental panoramic radiographs in automatically identifying teeth number and detecting natural teeth, prostheses, treated root canals, and implants. Key PointsIt is useful to use dental panoramic radiographs to perform the disaster victim identification (DVI).Individual dental treatment patterns could be unique and powerful characteristics as human identifier.Deep learning can automatically detect teeth and dental treatment patterns with favourable accuracy.Constructing a big database including detected teeth information would make it possible to fully automate entire process of DVI.
Gravitational radiation from binary systems in massive graviton theories
Authors: Kumar Poddar Tanmay , Mohanty Subhendra , Jana Soumya
Published: March 2022

Theories with massive gravitons have peculiarity called the van Dam-Veltman-Zakharov discontinuity in that the massive theory propagator does not go to the massless graviton propagator in the zero graviton mass limit. This results in large deviation in Newtons law for massive graviton theories even when the graviton mass vanishes. We test the vDVZ in massive graviton theories for single graviton vertex process namely the gravitational radiation from a classical source.
We calculate the gravitational radiation from compact binaries using the perturbative Feynman diagram method. We perform this calculation for Einstein's gravity with massless gravitons and verify that the Feynman diagram calculation reproduces the quadrupole formula. Using the same procedure we calculate the gravitational radiation for three massive graviton theories: (1) the Fierz-Pauli theory (2) the modified Fierz-Pauli theory without the vDVZ discontinuity and (3) the Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati theory with a momentum dependent graviton mass. We put limits on the graviton mass in each of these theories from observations of binary pulsar timings.
Laser backscattering of multi-scaled large particles based on superimposed scattering
Authors: Guo Jing , Zhu HaiTing , Shi XiaoYe
Published: March 2022

The scale, scattering and other optical properties of water droplets and ice crystals in clouds are the key factors affecting aircraft icing. Based on the superimposed scattering intensity distribution, the optical scattering model for cloud droplets and ice particles was established, the effects of different cloud types on laser backscattering were analyzed, and the backscattering coefficient and the echo power with different cloud particle concentrations were simulated and experimental measured. It was concluded that the particle backscattering of different cloud types varied greatly, especially with the increase of cloud particle concentration and the decrease of temperature. With the multi-scaled particle backscattering model for droplets and ice crystals presented here, the particle concentration of different types of clouds can be derived through mathematical inversion.
A particle sorting scheme based on an optical vortex array
Authors: Xu Banglian , Shuai Jianghua , Wang Shihao , Wei Jiaheng , Yang Xing , Xu Xiaoyang , Fang Xiaoming , Zhou Lang , Wang Kaimin , Zhang Leihong
Published: March 2022

In recent years, the research and application of optical tweezers and their corresponding particle sorting has been constantly improving, and the application field is becoming more and more extensive. However, there are few reports regarding the theoretical and simulation study of particle sorting via optical vortex (OV). In this paper, we proposed an OV array (OVA) based particle sorting scheme. In this scheme, we utilized an OVA to act on the chamber filled with particle solution, and the key to successful particle sorting lies in different trapping capability among different row/column of OVA. The proposed scheme can provide a theoretical and simulation reference for practical experimental study and applications.
Gallium phosphide nanowires for “biological concentrations” ammonia detection
Authors: Kondratev V M , Kuznetsov A , Fedina S V , Nalimova S S , Moshnikov V A , Bolshakov A D
Published: March 2022

Ammonia is widespread chemical compound found both in nature and in human body, and its detection is very important in biology and medicine as well as in environmental monitoring systems. This work is aimed at fabrication and study of precise, technological and relatively cheap ammonia sensors compatible with a liquid medium. Here we use GaP epitaxial nanowires (NWs) as adsorption elements capable of ammonia detection fabricated via a simple protocol. The device properties are studied in terms of change in sensor impedance spectrum upon presence of ammonia. Physical interpretation of the impedance spectra in the presence of water and ammonia is given. GaP–based device exhibit sufficient response to the ammonia presence with the detection limit lower than 2.5 ppm.
Photonic tools for evaluating the growth of diatom colonies during long-term batch cultivation
Authors: Cvjetinovic J , Bedoshvili Y D , Nozdriukhin D V , Salimon A I , Korsunsky A M , Gorin D A
Published: March 2022

Diatoms are unicellular photosynthetic microalgae with a nanostructured silica cell wall – frustule. Diatoms, considered one of the most abundant and ecologically important phytoplankton groups, can also be easily grown in the laboratory and used for different applications. With long-term cultivation, it is essential to monitor their growth properly; therefore, we proposed new, fast and easy-to-use methods based on the absorption and fluorescence of diatom chromophores. The average radiant efficiency of diatom culture Achnanthidium sibiricum obtained using the IVIS SpectrumCT In vivo Imaging system increased up to 45 days of cultivation, after which we observed steady decrease. The highest photoacoustic signal of diatoms mixed with an agarose gel excited by a 532 nm laser was also recorded after 45 days of cultivation. The results obtained are in good agreement with the obtained spectra during the 100-day cultivation period. Thus, photonic methods have proven to be effective for monitoring the growth of diatoms during long-term cultivation, expanding the possibilities of growing and collecting diatoms for various purposes.
Monte Carlo simulation of the secondary electron yield of silicon rich silicon nitride
Authors: Theulings A.M.M.G. , Tao S.X. , Hagen C.W. , van der Graaf H.
Published: March 2022

The effect of doping in Si3N4 membranes on the
secondary electron yield is investigated using Monte Carlo
simulations of the electron-matter interactions. The effect of the
concentration and the distribution of the doping in silicon rich
silicon nitride membranes is studied by using the energy loss
function as obtained from ab initio density functional theory
calculations in the electron scattering models of the Monte Carlo
simulations. An increasing doping concentration leads to a
decreasing maximum secondary electron yield. The distribution of the
doped silicon atoms can be optimised in order to minimize the
decrease in yield.
Fires that matter: reconceptualizing fire risk to include interactions between humans and the natural environment
Authors: Iglesias Virginia , Stavros Natasha , Balch Jennifer K , Barrett Kimiko , Cobian-Iñiguez Jeanette , Hester Cyrus , Kolden Crystal A , Leyk Stefan , Nagy R Chelsea , Reid Colleen E , Wiedinmyer Christine , Woolner Elizabeth , Travis William R
Published: March 2022

Increasing fire impacts across North America are associated with climate and vegetation change, greater exposure through development expansion, and less-well studied but salient social vulnerabilities. We are at a critical moment in the contemporary human-fire relationship, with an urgent need to transition from emergency response to proactive measures that build sustainable communities, protect human health, and restore the use of fire necessary for maintaining ecosystem processes. We propose an integrated risk factor that includes fire and smoke hazard, exposure, and vulnerability as a method to identify ‘fires that matter’, that is, fires that have potentially devastating impacts on our communities. This approach enables pathways to delineate and prioritise science-informed planning strategies most likely to increase community resilience to fires.
Assessment on mechanical properties of concrete with polypropylene fiber
Authors: Jayaram M , Naresh J , Thipparthi Karhik , Kastro Kiran V
Published: March 2022

Concrete is a versatile material that must meet certain strength criteria to maintain structural integrity. Although concrete has several advantages in terms of mechanical qualities and construction costs, its brittle nature is a drawback in those applications that require flexibility. However, the recent creation of concrete with polypropylene fiber-reinforced (PFRC) has provided a technical framework for addressing these issues. Polypropylene fibres have a tendency to bind the concrete mix. This reduces the rate of bleeding by slowing the settlement of coarse material. A slower rate of bleeding equals a slower rate of drying, which means less shrinkage breaking in the plastic. Polypropylene fibres act as crack stoppers in hardened concrete. The impact of polypropylene (PP) fibres on compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, and workability for M 25 Grade concrete in both fresh and hardened states is investigated in this study. Polypropylene fibres were introduced at a percentage of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5 %, and 2% in this investigation, and the findings were tabulated.
Creep Strain Behaviour of Triple-Blended Steel Fiber Self-Compacting Concrete
Authors: Setti Vijaya Kumar , Dean Kumar B , Swami B L P
Published: March 2022

The objective of the research article is to present the experimental results on the creep strain behaviour of steel fiber Self-Compacting Concrete (SFSCC). In respect of binder content, aggregate size, fine-to-coarse aggregate ratio, water-to-cement ratio, and chemical admixtures, Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) differentiates from conventional cement concrete. Steel fibers are also inserted into SCC at a predetermined percentage to reinforce it. Steel fibers have been shown to contribute to improved strength characteristics, a dense mass of concrete with little or no voids, reduced pores in concrete, a higher Young’s modulus, and fewer deflections and strains in concrete. Hence, an investigation was conducted on the creep variation of SFSCC over a longer duration. The test approach follows ASTM C512’s standard test method for concrete creep in compression. The test specimens (SFSCC) are standard cylinders that have been cast and cured for 28 days before being tested. Three SFSCC cylinders with 0.80% steel fiber were tested at the same time. The load is applied to just the cylinders in the loading frame and kept constant, producing constant stress. The strains that occur only due to creep, excluding the initial elastic strain, are digitally recorded. As a logarithmic function, the creep strain-time connection was established. The conclusions are observed based on the findings of the experiments and compared with normal cement concrete (NCC).
Mechanical properties of GGBSFA Geopolymer concrete with varying Silica Modulus at different curing conditions
Authors: Polusani Sharada , Vinayaka Ram V , Seshagiri Rao M V
Published: March 2022

Geopolymer concrete is made of waste materials such as Fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS). The use of this concrete helps to reduce the stock of wastes and also reduces emission of carbon by reducing Portland cement demand. The major constituent of Geopolymer concrete is aluminium and silicon rich materials. These materials are either natural materials that are thermally activated (e.g. kaolinite) or byproducts from industries (e.g. fly ash ). These materials are activated using alkaline activating solution which polymerizes the materials and forms into networks creating hard binder. Geopolymer concrete with Fly Ash as precursor gains less strength at low rates in ambient temperature. Fly Ash Geopolymer concrete should be heat cured to improve its strength. In the present investigation effect of Silica Modulus(SiO2/Na2O) and percentage Na2o on the mechanical properties of Geopolymer concrete cured with Plastic Membrane and in ambient temperature are presented. In this alkaline activator which is combination of NaoH(NH) and Na2Sio3(NS) is used to activate the binder.8 type of mixes with fixed binder content, varying GGBS, Fly Ash ratio and Silica Modulus of Alkali solution are used to study the strength properties of Hardened concrete. It was found that the strength decreased with increase in Silica Modulus and increased with increase in percentage Na2o.M40 grade concrete is attained for a combination of Silica Modulus of 1.4 and 5.399 percent of Na2o.
An investigative approach on the influence of mineral admixtures on internally cured concrete
Authors: Kastro Kiran V , Sreehitha J , Uma Sree M , Niveditha P S
Published: March 2022

Concrete curing is vital to get the anticipated properties of the concrete structure. Among all the different available curing methods, the internal curing of concrete is the most recent and is gaining prominence over a few years. This work is engrossed on developing the internal curing concrete of M40 grade employing Polyethylene glycol-400 as an internal curing supplement. The impact of mineral admixtures, on mechanical properties, like silica fume and fly ash were examined at varying dosages. Polyethylene glycol-400 was used as a replacement to cement at 2.5% by weight of cement. By maintaining the constant dosage of Polyethylene glycol-400, the silica fume was used as 5% and 10% replacement to cement and fly ash at 15% and 25% by weights of cement, and the mechanical properties were assessed in contrast to traditionally cured concrete. The peak compressive and split tensile strengths were obtained at 5% replacement of silica fume, and at 10% replacement, the maximum flexural strength was obtained. As the percentage increase of fly ash content beyond 15%, decreased the strength. Fly ash and silica fume showed a positive impact on the mechanical properties of internally cured concrete when compared with the concrete cured conventionally.
An experimental study on mechanical and durable properties of self-curing concrete by using Ferro silica slag aggregate
Authors: Sundeep Kumar K , Subba Reddy P V , Arunakanthi E
Published: March 2022

Construction industry concrete used heavily. The building industry relies heavily on coarse aggregate (C.A.). Due to the lack of C.A., artificial aggregate known as Ferro silica slag (F.S.S.) is the predominant alternative material. The Use of F.S.S. increases concrete strength and lowers construction costs. The strength of concrete is determined by how long it is allowed to cure. Because of improper curing, the hydration of cement problem can be solved by employing a self-curing mechanism. It’s possible to use paraffin wax Light and Heavy in Concrete have a variety of beneficial effects on S.C.C.’s fresh and hardened concrete qualities. The immersing curing agent is a material that retains Water and reduces evaporation; the self-curing admixture incorporates concrete after the standard setting of concrete on account of increased water retention capacity and compares to internally cured concrete. It gives inside assuaging, known explicitly as “self-curing concrete,” in short, less or no external curing is required in another way if outside mitigating may cause better warmth of hydration. Light molecular weight and high molecular weight are two examples of self-curing liquids that can boost the strength and serviceability of concrete. In this investigation, the percentage of paraffin wax in M25 grade concrete was altered from 0%, 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1.0% and compared to internally cured concrete(I). The replacement of coarse aggregate with the optimum amount of F.S.S. Paraffin is then added to concrete in a liquid form, resulting in varied dosages. Based on the literature, the optimum percentage of F.S.S. 40% with paraffin wax light and heavy 1.0% improvement of compression and flexure strength of concrete. Ultrasonic pulse velocity (U.P.V.) and Rapid chloride penetration tests (RCPT) were used to determine dense microstructure and enhanced durability of concrete.
Flexural strength of steel fibre reinforced ternary concrete beams
Authors: Reddy Suda V B , Priyatham Paul S
Published: March 2022

The paper presents an experimental study on the flexural performance of Conventional beam (CB), Ternary beam (TB) and fibrous ternary beam (TBF). Ternary beams are made by using 10% of Micro silica (MS) and 30% of Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and Fibrous ternary beams were cast by incorporating crimped steel fibre in four volume fractions i.e. 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2% to the predestined optimum ternary mix, was obtained from preliminary studies. The influence of Supplementary cementing materials (SCMs) and steel fibre on ultimate load, energy absorption, ductility, moment and energy factors was assessed. The results reveal that energy absorption and ductility improved by ternary beams and further enhanced by adding up of steel fibre over conventional beams.
Influence of Curing Practices and Environment on Compressive Strength De-velopment of High Strength Concrete
Authors: Jampani Venkateswara Rao , Eeshwara Ram J , Satyanarayana M , M.G.Raju P
Published: March 2022

The paper presents the impact of practicing curing techniques on the compressive strength evolution of ternary blended high strength concrete under local prevailing environmental conditions. Initially the control mix was designed using the guidelines of IS: 10262:2009, whose compressive strength at 28 days is greater than 70 MPa. Later mechanical properties of high strength concrete after incorporating the alternative binder materials was evaluated. For all mixtures water to cement ratio was kept as 0.25. For the purpose of improving the mechanical properties of control mix and to achieve the economy slag, fly ash, quartz powder and silica fume were incorporated in the mix as partial substitution of cement. Total replacement with supplementary binders was kept at 20% by its weight of cement. Among all the combinations, silica fume and slag combination performed well in respect to the hardened properties. Subsequently, the same mix was considered in order to study the influence of practicing curing methods. From the results it was concluded that although type of curing regime on strength development both in indoor and outdoor environment at early ages was not considerable but at the later ages the effect was considerable. Compressive strength of specimens subjected to sprinkling, burlap and plastic cover curing in outdoor environment are significantly affected than the corresponding specimens in indoor environment.
Land use and land cover change and sustainability assessment of Vijayawada city by RS&GIS
Authors: Prasad Annavarapu Srinivasa , Ramamurthy Chandramohan , Krishna Karnatapu Leela
Published: March 2022

Land utilization is a key factor in the allocation and function of ecosystems. The limited available land is insufficient to satisfy the growing demand. Sustainable future depends on Human decisions on utilization of land. The landuse analysis between two time periods and their impact especially on sustainable development may leads to proper planning at different territorial levels. The present study examines spatiotemporal trends in modification of LULC (land use and land cover) changes in the Vijayawada area. Landsat 5 and 8 satellite imagery was used to produce change deduction maps over a sixteen year of time period (2005 and 2020). For the year 2005, 30 meter resolution Landsat 5 satellite image are used and for the year 2020 15 meter resolution Landsat 8 images are used to identify the changes in spatiotemporal trends. Maximum lilelihood supervised classification techniques are used to estimate land use and land cover change. The dynamics of LULC modification for 16 year time period and its impact were discussed as key findings in this paper. This study reports that, by using geo-spatial techniques could reduce the main causes of LULC change detection that threaten ecosystems and biodiversity through timely and adequate monitoring.
Analysis and Suitability of Treated Wastewater of Various Units at Amberpet STP, Hyderabad
Authors: Hari Durgasrilakshmi , Ramamohan Reddy K
Published: March 2022

The primary goal of wastewater treatment is to enable municipal and industrial effluents to be disposed of without endangering public health or causing unacceptable ecological damage. With rapid urbanization and industrialization, both the quantity of sewage generation and complexity in its treatment for recycle is increasing. Further, the disposal of untreated sewage is posing lot of threat to groundwater quality. Hence, recycling of wastewater is necessary to prevent groundwater pollution. It also helps in augmenting water conservation. Sewage can be treated to the acceptable quality for its use in many non-potable, industrial and agricultural uses. Treated wastewater recycling helps in addressing the rapidly growing water consumption of many areas of the economy thereby benefiting in environmental rehabilitation. From the perception of public resource, the present study analyzes the suitability of treated wastewater from various units at Amberpet STP in Hyderabad for several designated water uses.
A Study on Dragon Fruit Foliage as Natural Coagulant and Coagulant Aid for Water Treatment
Authors: Rayudu E Sanjeeva , Likhitha A , Reddy K Sudhakar , Nagesh Kumar G
Published: March 2022

Due to the heavy pollution all over the world, quality has decreased in nature. Water is the most essential in everyone’s life. The contamination of water with organic and inorganic matters are harmful to the society. Turbidity is caused by these matters which are colloidal and suspended solids and there is a requirement to remove these matters for the water to be useful. Coagulation and flocculation are the most generally picked strategies to reestablish acceptability and work on the tasteful appearance of water. This procedure brings about the colloidal particles destabilization and therefore, the addition in molecule size for the simplicity of sedimentation. Currently the treatment units are using chemical coagulants such as aluminum and iron salts which work most effectively. The most used coagulant, Alum has been a centre of debate as various researchers say it is linked to development of Alzheimer’s disease. Also, other chemical coagulants are evident of causing throat tightness, shallow ulcers on skin etc. In addition to these effects on human health, the chemical coagulants produce hazardous sludge which requires a costly disposal. Various naturally available materials have the properties that make them effective coagulants that are chemically neutral and purify water competitively with their coagulant counterparts. In this investigate, dragon fruit foliage is used as a natural coagulant and proved that it is competitive with chemical coagulant in removal of turbidity.
Performance evaluation of expansive clay subgrade stabilized with synthetic rubber
Authors: Meghana V , Raja Veerendra Y
Published: March 2022

In our everyday lives, transport plays an important part. An important necessity for the building of pavements is the existence of a decent subgrade. Soil stabilization is the process of improving the physical qualities of the soil in order to enhance its strength, durability etc. Soil stabilization gives an option to enhancing its strength and capacity to carry load. The many ways utilized to stabilize the soil Subgrade. However, the carbon footprint for most of the chemical stabilizations is enormous, which made researchers to find some sustainable alternatives. Present study focuses on the applicability of styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), a synthetic rubber, which is an easily accessible adhesive that may be used to improve the characteristics of soil. Soils combined with chemical stabilizer (SBR) in varied percentages have been tested for Standard Proctor Test, and California Bearing Ratio Test. As a consequence of the stabilization, the OMC was lowered and MDD of the soil increased. The results were satisfactory till the addition of 12% chemical, which means that SBR can be used as a stabilizer for improving the properties of expansive clay subgrade
Strength enhancement studies on expansive soil by utilization of unburnt agricultural waste
Authors: Samatha Chowdary P , Siva Prasada Rao K , Sanijya G
Published: March 2022

In order to determine stability and to support any structure underlying soil bearing strength is necessary. Of all the soils available in India black cotton soils rich in montmorillonite is one of the most problematic and expansive soils as they are every dangerous for construction because of its swelling and shrinkage properties. Such types of soils can be stabilized using locally available waste materials either agricultural or industrial. The waste materials can be used to improve the bearing strength of the soil and decrease in cost of construction. This paper focuses on improvement of strength and stability of lime treated expansive soil by using rice husk ash as additive. Compaction, Unconfined strength test, and California bearing ratio tests were performed on soil by adding lime in increments of 2 to 12% and then optimum lime was determined. To the optimum lime soil mix rice husk ash an agricultural waste was added in increments of 2 to 12 % and optimum RHA was determined.
Analysis of Water Quality Parameters of Penna River from Penna Ahobilam Balancing Reservoir (PABR) to Gandikota Reservoir in Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Kumar Palla Charan , Partha Praveen L , Lakshmi Shireesha D , Vijay Kunamineni
Published: March 2022

Water is one of the most precious natural resources on the planet. All living species, most ecological systems, human health, food production, and economic growth all benefit from it. Water pollution is becoming more common as a result of modern industry and population growth, since it is progressively contaminated with sewage, agricultural chemicals, oils, heavy metals, radioactive material, detergents, and other synthetic goods. The current inquiry is looking into the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the surface water of the River Penna stream, as well as the ground water of the towns nearby. In the summer, water samples from surface and ground water of 14 stream samples are collected for physical and chemical examination in March 2021. It was discovered that stream water quality had degraded to the point that it had lost its ability to purify itself. The addition of contaminants at each site resulted in an increase in the concentration of different physico-chemical parameters. In comparison to upstream locations, ground water in the mid-stream and down-stream had greater concentrations of several physico-chemical parameters. In comparison with sampling sites, Penakacharla Dam Village, had lower concentrations of electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, total hardness i.e 120μS/cm2, 1250ppm, 1150ppm. Samples at Gandikota Barrage had lower concentrations of electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, total hardness i.e 192μS/cm, 1875ppm, 1900ppm Surface water quality is poor for irrigation needs, with the exception of the first two upstream locations (near Jarutla Rampuram and Palyam).
Analysis of Multi-Storied Building in Different Seismic Zones using STAAD Pro
Authors: Ramakrishna B , Swetha G , Shazia SK Amreen , Kiran Sai K , Durga Venkata Dinesh S
Published: March 2022

The aim of this paper is to analysis of a multi-stored building [G+5] using STAAD Pro by considering different seismic zones. The analysis of a multi-stored building [G+5] initially for all type of loads (Seismic load, Dead load, Live load and Wind load) and possible load combinations are performed as per Indian codes. The seismic analysis is done under different zones which are Zone-II, Zone-III, Zone-IV, Zone-V and also zone factor values are considered as per IS 1893-2002 (Part-1). By considering each zone factor value and loads including self-weight, member weight, floor weight in seismic load, dead load, live load and wind loads the structure may affect. Also observing the Shear force, bending moment and deflection values for the whole building in different Seismic zones by using STAAD Pro. In analysing the whole structure considering all parameters like all loads (live load, dead load, seismic loads wind load) and type of structure, damping ratio, importance factor, response reduction factor, zone factor/different cities under different zones plays major role in building how it reacts to it and by shear force, bending moment, deflection values states that it is safe in particular zones or all the factors must be taken in consideration to imply the building is safe or not.
Improvement of performance and sensitivity of 2D and 3D image reconstruction in EIT using EFG forward model
Authors: Hadinia M , Jafari R
Published: March 2022

This paper presents a pure element-free Galerkin method (EFGM) forward model for image reconstruction in 2D and 3D electrical impedance tomography (EIT) using an adaptive current injection method. In EIT systems with the adapting current injection method, both static and dynamic images can be reconstructed; however, determination of electrode contact impedances in the complete electrode model is difficult and the Gap model is used. In this paper, in the EIT forward problem a weak form functional based on the Gap model and a pure EFGM approach are developed, and in the EIT inverse problem, Jacobian matrix is computed by the EFGM, and a fast integration technique is introduced to calculate the entries of the Jacobian matrix within an adequate computation time. The influence of increasing the density of nodes at and near the electrodes with steep electric potential gradients on the accuracy of FEM and EFGM forward solutions is investigated, and the performance of the image reconstruction algorithm with the proposed fast integration technique is examined. The numerical results reveal that the proposed EFGM forward model with the fast integration technique has an efficient performance both in terms of mean relative imaging errors and computational time.
Integrated data analysis on the electron temperature profile of HL-2A with the Bayesian probability inference method
Authors: PAN Wenan , WANG Tianbo , WANG Zhibin , YANG Yonghao , WU Hao , VERDOOLAEGE Geert , YANG Zengchen , LIU Chunhua , GUO Wenping , LI Bingli , LIU Zijie , WU Wenbin , XU Min
Published: March 2022

Data analysis on tokamak plasmas is mainly based on various diagnostic systems, which are usually modularized and independent of each other. This leads to a large amount of data not being fully and effectively exploited so that it is not conducive to revealing the deep physical mechanism. In this work, Bayesian probability inference with machine learning methods have been applied to the electron cyclotron emission and Thomson scattering diagnostic systems on HL-2A/2M, and the effects of integrated data analysis (IDA) on the electron temperature of HL-2A with Bayesian probability inference are demonstrated. A program is developed to infer the whole electron temperature profile with a confidence interval, and the program can be applied in online analysis. The IDA results show that the full profile of the electron temperature can be obtained and the diagnostic information is more comprehensive and abundant with IDA. The inference models for electron temperature analysis are established and the developed programs will serve as an experimental data analysis tool for HL-2A/2M in the near future.
Performance analysis of mmWave radio propagations in an indoor environment for 5G networks
Authors: Getahun Hanna , Rajkumar S.
Published: March 2022

Existing wireless communications in the sub-6 GHz bands are facing challenges from the growing demand for higher data rates and better quality of services. To satisfy these demands, the fifth generation (5G) mobile network would consider unused spectrum in the millimeter wave (mmWave) spectrum (30–300 GHz). The shortage of bandwidth in the sub-6 GHz band is solved using mmWave technology. Furthermore, mmWave provides significantly higher throughput, data rate, and capacity. Despite the fact that a huge bandwidth is employed, mmWave technology suffers from diffuse scattering from rough materials, path loss, reflection loss, atmospheric attenuation, building penetration loss, and shadowing which leads to a decrease in the transmitted signal power. Therefore, a reliable and accurate channel model is important in the mmWave bands, particularly for the indoor environment. Moreover, by using technologies like beam-forming and others coupled with mmWave, the listed impairments are minimized. In this work, we analyze the performance of different path loss models (CI, free space, and two rays) at 38, 60, and 73 GHz carrier frequencies in terms of path loss in terms of separation distance between transmitter and receiver. Additionally, we have evaluated the performance of the path loss with respect to the break point distance to enhance the received signal power and throughput. We have also done analysis of the directional power delay profile with received signal power, path loss and path loss exponent (PLE) at 38 GHz and 73 GHz mmWave bands for both LOS and NLOS by using uniform linear array (ULA) 2 × 2 and 64 × 16 antenna configurations using the channel model simulator (NYUSIM). The simulation results show the performance of different path loss models in the mmWave and sub 6 GHz bands. Path loss in the close-in (CI) model at mmWave bands is larger than that of free space and two ray path loss models, because it considers all shadowing and reflection effects between transmitter and receiver.
Crouzeix-Raviart triangular elements are inf-sup stable
Authors: Carstensen Carsten , Sauter Stefan
Published: March 2022

The Crouzeix-Raviart triangular finite elements are

inf
\inf

-

sup
\sup

stable for the Stokes equations for any mesh with at least one interior vertex. This result affirms a conjecture of Crouzeix-Falk from 1989 for

p
=
3

p=3

. Our proof applies to any odd degree

p
≥
3

p\ge 3

and concludes the overall stability analysis: Crouzeix-Raviart triangular finite elements of degree

p
p

in two dimensions and the piecewise polynomials of degree

p
−
1

p-1

with vanishing integral form a stable Stokes pair for all positive integers

p
p

.
Corrigendum to “On iterated function systems with place-dependent probabilities”
Authors: Bárány Balázs
Published: March 2022

This is a corrigendum to the paper “On iterated function systems with place-dependent probabilities” published in Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 143 (2015), 419–432.
Proper mappings between indefinite hyperbolic spaces and type I classical domains
Authors: Huang Xiaojun , Lu Jin , Tang Xiaomin , Xiao Ming
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we first study a mapping problem between indefinite hyperbolic spaces by employing the work established earlier by the authors. In particular, we generalize certain theorems proved by Baouendi-Ebenfelt-Huang [Amer. J. Math. 133 (2011), pp. 1633–1661] and Ng [Michigan Math. J. 62 (2013), pp. 769–777; Int. Math. Res. Not. IMRN 2 (2015), pp. 291–324]. Then we use these results to prove a rigidity result for proper holomorphic mappings between type I classical domains, which confirms a conjecture formulated by Chan [Int. Math. Res. Not., doi.org/10.1093/imrn/rnaa373] after the work of Zaitsev-Kim [Math. Ann. 362 (2015), pp. 639-677], Kim [Proper holomorphic maps between bounded symmetric domains, Springer, Tokyo, 2015, pp. 207–219] and himself.
Clinical Validation of a Circulating Tumor Cell Assay Using Density Centrifugation and Automated Immunofluorescence Microscopy
Authors: Sabath Daniel E , Perrone Marie E , Clein Alisa , Tam Michael , Hardin Michael , Trimble Sara , Ramirez Arturo , Duplessis Melinda , Mojica Tanisha , Higano Celestia S , Gadi V K , Kaldjian Eric , George Tad
Published: March 2022

Objectives

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–approved CELLSEARCH assay (Menarini Silicon Biosystems) for circulating tumor cells (CTCs) relies on expression of an epithelial cell adhesion molecule to enrich for CTCs. We sought to validate a CTC assay (RareCyte) for clinical use that instead collects a buffy coat preparation enriched for CTCs.

Methods

Normal peripheral blood specimens spiked with cultured breast and prostate cancer cells and 47 clinical samples were used to validate assay performance. Specimens were enriched for buffy coat cells and applied onto 8 glass slides. The slides were immunofluorescently stained and imaged by automated microscopy and computer-aided image analysis.

Results

The assay was 100% specific for detecting spiked tumor cells. For samples spiked with 25, 50, and 125 cells, the percentage coefficients of variation were 42%, 21%, and 3.7%, respectively. Linearity studies demonstrated a slope of 0.99, an intercept of 1.6, and R2 of 0.96. Recoveries at the 25-, 50-, and 125-cell levels were 92%, 111%, and 100%, respectively. Clinical samples run on both CELLSEARCH and RareCyte correlated with an R2 of 0.8 after log-transformation and demonstrated 87.5% concordance using the CELLSEARCH criteria for predicting adverse outcomes.

Conclusions

The RareCyte CTC assay has comparable performance to the FDA-cleared method and is ready for further clinical validation studies.