bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spectral formulations in nonlinear solids: A brief summary
Authors: Shariff MHBM , Bustamante R , Merodio J
Published: November 2023

This summary focuses on spectral formulations developed by the authors for nonlinear anisotropic solids, where their advantages have been demonstrated in the literature. Some recent isotropic/anisotropic spectral formulations and results are highlighted here via a brief summary of the authors’ work.
Transitioning to a Circular Economy: Paradoxical Tensions of the Circular Business Model
Authors: Dagilienė Lina , Varaniūtė Viktorija
Published: November 2023

The circular economy is seen as a way to replace the dominant linear business models, which are based solely on increasing economic value. However, organisations transitioning to a circular business model usually face multiple tensions arising from the paradoxical relationship between achieving circularity and creating economic value. Therefore, we combine the literature on circular business models and paradox theory to systematise knowledge on paradoxical tensions that occur while transitioning to circular business model. Following an abductive approach, the research methodology employs semi-structured interviews and observation in the cross-sectorial manufacturing context. The research results allow us to identify novel insights into organisational-level tensions, namely, goal setting, performance orientation, compliance, in-network collaboration, and innovation adoption. In addition, we define the concept of a strategic paradox in the circular economy, which acknowledges the tension between true circular products and products as usual.
Feasibility and Acceptability of the Project Faith Influencing Transformation Intervention in Faith-Based Settings
Authors: Bauer Alexandria G. , Shah Binoy , Johnson Nia , Aduloju-Ajijola Natasha , Bowe-Thompson Carole , Christensen Kelsey , Berkley-Patton Jannette Y.
Published: November 2023

African Americans (AAs) are disproportionately burdened with diabetes and prediabetes. Predominately AA churches may be optimal settings for reaching AAs at greatest diabetes risk, along with related morbidities and mortalities. The current study used the RE-AIM framework to qualitatively examine the feasibility, acceptability, and satisfaction with the Project Faith Influencing Transformation (FIT) intervention, a diabetes risk reduction intervention in AA churches. Participants were ( N = 21) church and community members who also participated in the larger Project FIT intervention and were primarily female, with an average age of 60 years ( SD = 11.1). Participants completed a brief survey and focus group discussion. Participants discussed intervention effectiveness in changing health behaviors and outcomes, with high rates of adoption, acceptability, and satisfaction across churches that conducted the intervention. Participants also discussed outreach to members of the broader community, the role of the pastor, and challenges to intervention implementation and maintenance-tailored strategies to improve intervention effectiveness are discussed. Given the significant diabetes disparities that exist for AAs, it is imperative to continue to investigate best practices for reaching communities served by churches with sustainable, relevant health programming. This study has the potential to inform more effective, tailored diabetes prevention interventions for high-risk AAs in faith-based settings.
An implicit barotropic mode solver for MPAS-ocean using a modern Fortran solver interface
Authors: Kang Hyun-Gyu , Tuminaro Raymond S , Prokopenko Andrey , Johnson Seth R , Salinger Andrew G , Evans Katherine J
Published: November 2023

We demonstrate use of a modern Fortran solver interface to manage solver algorithms for an implicit barotropic mode solver in the Model for Predictions Across Scales-Ocean (MPAS-O). ForTrilinos, a Fortran interface to Trilinos that contains a large collection of solver capabilities written in C++, has been implemented in MPAS-O to provide access to a suite of linear solver options. By virtue of the simplified wrapper and interface generator (SWIG) automation tool that generates modern Fortran interfaces to C++ code, we were able to implement the Fortran solver interface in MPAS-O using a familiar Fortran coding style while minimizing performance degradation. The ForTrilinos solver interface is written within MPAS-O’s time stepping modules as a subroutine in conjunction with MPAS-O code. Applied to an idealized ocean and a high-resolution realistic ocean test case, parallel performance of ForTrilinos solvers is examined. It is found that parallel scalability of the ForTrilinos solvers is highly dependent on the number of global synchronization points per solver iteration in each iterative solver algorithm. ForTrilinos solvers perform best compared to the Fortran hand-crafted (FHC) solver when the amount of work per processor is large enough. However, parallel scalability is better with the FHC solver and so when the work per core is modest FHC outperforms ForTrilinos. The intercomparison between the ForTrilinos and FHC solvers reveals that this performance hit in the ForTrilinos solver mostly comes from the global synchronization process, while suggesting that the matrix-vector multiplication process in the FHC solver needs to be optimized for better performance.
Effect of Mangifera Indica (Mango) on Dental Caries: A Systematic Review
Authors: Salimi Yasaman , Tavahodi Narges , Taheri Hamed , Masoudi Maryam , Modaber Matin Safari , Azimi Nozhan , Amin Mohammed Namiq , Bagharianlemraski Mobina , Namadkolahi Reza , Khorami Mozhgan , Salahi Mehrnaz , Razavi Pouyan , Behshood Parisa , Mosaddad Seyed Ali , Deravi Niloofar
Published: November 2023

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of Mangifera indica (mango) on dental caries. The entire plant, including the leaves, fruit, roots, and flowers, has various therapeutic characteristics used for centuries to cure various illnesses. This systematic review aimed to identify an inexpensive, simple, and effective method of preventing and controlling dental caries. The search was performed among the studies written in English, the database of abstracts concentrating on the effects of Mangifera indica (Mango) on dental caries detected in Pubmed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Central. In total, we find 37 articles. The relevant English language articles published up to August 2022 were collected, screened, and reviewed. Search words contained “Mangifera indica” and “dental caries” or “Streptococcus mutans” or “tooth demineralization.” For our systematic review analysis, we included 3 randomized controlled trial studies studying a total of 130 people, of whom 110 were children aged 8 to 14 and 20 were adults aged 20 to 25. These experiments all employed mouthwash containing an extract from Mangifera indica. In conclusion, it has been proven in 2 separate studies that saliva’s PH will increase significantly. In addition, a reduction of S. mutants has been observed in another research. Overall, it was concluded that mango extract mouthwash is highly effective in decreasing the bacteria that can cause dental caries. however, we firmly believe that conduction of more detailed in vivo studies regarding Mangifera indica implications in dental caries treatment is essentially needed for further confirmation.
Improvements in quality of life over 2 years with cladribine tablets in people with relapsing multiple sclerosis: The CLARIFY-MS study
Authors: Brochet Bruno , Solari Alessandra , Lechner-Scott Jeannette , Piehl Fredrik , Langdon Dawn , Hupperts Raymond , Selmaj Krzysztof , Patti Francesco , Brieva Luis , Maida Eva Maria , Alexandri Nektaria , Smyk Andrzej , Nolting Axel , Keller Birgit , Montalban Xavier , Kubala Havrdova Eva
Published: November 2023

Background:

Multiple sclerosis (MS) negatively affects health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Objective:

To evaluate HRQoL in people with highly active relapsing MS treated with cladribine tablets (CladT; 3.5 mg/kg cumulative dose over 2 years) in CLARIFY-MS.

Methods:

Changes in the MS quality of life (MSQoL)-54 scores were analysed using a repeated mixed-effects linear model. Subgroup analyses were performed for participants who were pretreatment-naïve and those pretreated with disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) before initiating CladT. Safety and tolerability of CladT were also assessed.

Results:

MSQoL-54 physical (mean change = 4.86; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.18, 6.53) and mental health (4.80; 95% CI = 3.13, 6.46) composite scores (primary endpoints) showed significant improvement at Month 24 versus Baseline ( p < 0.0001). Changes in the MSQoL-54 scores were consistent across the pretreatment-naïve and DMT-pretreated subgroups. No new severe or opportunistic infections occurred. Most post-baseline lymphopenia events were Grade 1–2 in severity. Transient Grade-3 lymphopenia was observed in 19.7% (95/482) of participants. Grade-4 lymphopenia was not observed.

Conclusions:

CladT treatment significantly improved the mean MSQoL-54 physical and mental health composite scores over 2 years. CladT efficacy in HRQoL, relapse rates and Expanded Disability Status Scale scores demonstrates its multidimensional effects in MS treatment.
Has the NHS national extended access scheme delivered its policy aims? A case study of two large scale extended access providers
Authors: Burch Patrick , Whittaker William , Bower Peter , Checkland Katherine
Published: November 2023

Objectives

In 2018, NHS England mandated that all patients in England should be able to access general practice services outside of ordinary hours. While some patients would access additional hours at their own practice, others would need supra-practice level provision – that is, they would be seen in a different location and by a different care team. The policy aim was to enhance patient access to care, with a particular focus on those who work during the day. This study examines (a) how supra-practice level provision of extended access appointments for general medical problems are operationalised and (b) whether the aims of the policy are being met.

Methods

This study presents qualitative comparative case studies of two contrasting service providers offering extended access. The data collected included 30 hours of clinician-patient observations, 25 interviews with staff, managers, and commissioners, 20 interviews with patients, organisational protocols/documentation, and routinely collected appointment data. Thematic analysis ran concurrently with data gathering and facilitated the iterative adaptation of data collection.

Results

Three cross-cutting themes were identified: extended access is being used to bolster a struggling primary care system, extended access provides a different service to in-hours general practice, and it is difficult for extended access to provide seamless care.

Conclusions

Supra-practice access models can provide effective care for most patients with straightforward issues. When ongoing management of complex problems is required, this model of patient care can be problematic.
Health-related quality of life among adolescents and young adults with mood and anxiety concerns
Authors: Kazi Ayman A , Osuch Elizabeth A , Wammes Michael , John-Baptiste Ava
Published: November 2023

Objectives

To characterize health related quality of life (HRQOL) for Canadians aged 16 to 25 (adolescents and young adults, AYAs) seeking care for mood and anxiety concerns at the First Episode Mood and Anxiety Program, in London, Ontario and to identify factors associated with HRQOL in this population.

Methods

AYAs completed demographic, psychometric, and HRQOL questionnaires. We calculated 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) scores standardized to Canadian and US population norms. We computed Short Form 6 Dimension (SF-6D) utilities conducting multivariable linear regression analysis, adjusting for age, sex, ethnoracial minority status, parental marital/cohabitation status, parental education, the Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI-R), Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale Self-Report (MADRS-S), Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS), and a modified Inventory of College Students’ Recent Life Experiences (ICSRLE-M).

Results

Amongst 182 AYAs who completed questionnaires, mean physical component summary (PCS), mental component summary (MCS) and SF-6D utility scores were low, 43.8 (SD = 16.6), 19.0 (SD = 11.9) and .576 (SD = .074), respectively. Maternal post-secondary education, depression (MADRS-S) and functional impairment (SDS) were significantly associated with SF-6D utility.

Conclusion

This cohort of mental healthcare-seeking AYAs had significantly impaired psychometric and utility-based measures of quality of life, underscoring the importance of timely access to healthcare services for this population.
Mindreading beliefs in same- and cross-neurotype interactions
Authors: Sheppard Elizabeth , Webb Sophie , Wilkinson Helen
Published: November 2023

A large sample of autistic and non-autistic adults was recruited to investigate whether self-reported beliefs about their own and other people’s mindreading abilities were in line with either mindreading deficit accounts of autism or the double empathy problem (DEP) (which proposes mindreading difficulties are relational in autism). Three hundred and forty-eight (139 autistic) participants completed an online questionnaire which asked about autism identification and diagnostic status and their beliefs about their own mindreading abilities in relation to autistic and non-autistic others, and about autistic and non-autistic others’ abilities to read their (the participant’s) own minds. While autistic participants did report weaker mindreading abilities, this was only true in relation to non-autistic others. Both groups reported better mindreading abilities in same- than other-neurotype interactions, with autistic participants reporting mindreading abilities commensurate with non-autistic participants in relation to autistic targets. The same pattern was found when participants were asked about other people’s mindreading abilities. The findings were more consistent with the DEP than deficit theories, as the target reference group strongly impacted participants’ perceived mindreading abilities. While self-reported beliefs do not necessarily reflect actual mindreading abilities, they may still have important consequences for intergroup relations and social outcomes for autistic people.

Lay Abstract

Autistic people are often characterised as having problems with mindreading, which refers to understanding other people’s thoughts, beliefs and feelings. However, it has recently been suggested that mindreading difficulties may be a two-way issue between autistic and non-autistic people. This would imply that autistic people may not have difficulty reading the minds of other autistic people, whereas non-autistic people may struggle to read autistic people effectively. In this study, we created a survey in which we asked a relatively large sample of autistic and non-autistic people to rate their own and others’ mindreading abilities in relation to autistic and non-autistic others, respectively. Both groups believed that they were better at reading others in their own group than the other group. The autistic respondents reported levels of mindreading skill at least commensurate with the non-autistic respondents when the mind to be read was specified as autistic. Thus, both groups of participants’ responses were consistent with the notion that mindreading abilities are relational. Although self-reports are subjective, such beliefs could have important consequences for well-being and intergroup relations.
Parental language practices and children’s use of the minority language: The mediating role of children’s language attitudes
Authors: Humeau Camille , Guimard Philippe , Nocus Isabelle , Galharret Jean-Michel
Published: November 2023

Objectives:

This study examines the mediating role of children’s language attitudes in the relationship between parental language practices and children’s use of the minority language.

Methodology:

This cross-sectional study uses questionnaires filled out by children individually, focusing on their and their parents’ language attitudes and practices.

Data and analysis:

The study was conducted with 135 children ( Mage = 10.76 years) living in a bilingual family in France. We tested our hypotheses using regression analyses (logistic and linear) and a mediation analysis.

Findings:

Our findings indicate that (1) parents’ use of the minority language significantly predicts children’s; (2) children’s attitudes towards their minority language significantly predict its use; and (3) children’s language attitudes mediate a more important part of the relationship between their own and their parents’ use of the minority language when both parents use the majority language and only one uses the minority language.

Implications:

Reinforcing children’s positive attitudes towards their minority language can foster its use. Children have a role in the development of their bilingualism. When the child’s bilingual development is not supported by active language use by both parents at home, the children’s attitudes are crucial and decisive.

Originality:

This study focuses on the role of 10-year-old children’s perceptions of their bilingual development. This study provides interesting new insights into children’s agency in minority languages maintenance.
Self-Reported eHealth literacy among nursing students in Sweden and Poland: The eNursEd cross-sectional multicentre study
Authors: Andersson Ewa K. , Dallora Ana Luiza , Marcinowicz Ludmila , Stjernberg Louise , Björling Gunilla , Anderberg Peter , Bohman Doris
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to provide an understanding of nursing students’ self-reported eHealth literacy in Sweden and Poland. This cross-sectional multicentre study collected data via a questionnaire in three universities in Sweden and Poland. Descriptive statistics, the Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient, Mann–Whitney U, and Kruskal–Wallis tests were used to analyse different data types. Age (in the Polish sample), semester, perceived computer or laptop skills, and frequency of health-related Internet searches were associated with eHealth literacy. No gender differences were evidenced in regard to the eHealth literacy. Regarding attitudes about eHealth, students generally agreed on the importance of eHealth and technical aspects of their education. The importance of integrating eHealth literacy skills in the curricula and the need to encourage the improvement of these skills for both students and personnel are highlighted, as is the importance of identifying students with lacking computer skills.
Parameter optimization of electromagnetic suspension-type maglev train control system based on multi-objective grey wolf non-dominated sorting hybrid algorithm-Ⅱ hybrid algorithm
Authors: Wang Meiqi , Zeng Siheng , Liu Pengfei , He Yixin , Chen Enli
Published: November 2023

This paper presents a novel hybrid algorithm based on CMOGWO-ADNSGA-II to solve the vibration stability problem during the operation of a EMS-type maglev train dynamics model subjected to strong non-linear magnetic buoyancy. The proposed algorithm optimizes the control system parameters of EMS-type maglev train suspensions by combining an improved multi-objective chaotic grey wolf algorithm (CMOGWO) with an improved non-dominated Sorting genetic algorithm-II (ADNSGA-II) to enhance the search capability of the algorithm and ensure population diversity. The efficacy of the algorithm is demonstrated by applying it to the EMS-type maglev train suspension frame control system to find the optimal control parameters. Experimental results show that the system with the optimal parameters applied significantly reduces the suspension gap amplitude and the corresponding standard deviation, as well as the vertical acceleration amplitude and the corresponding standard deviation during operation. The proposed algorithm provides a good solution for EMS-type maglev train suspension vibration control, which can improve its performance and safety.
“It Gave Me Some Hope.” Parent experiences with a new telehealth parent-mediated learning intervention for an autistic child
Authors: Lee Kwangwon , Messmer Megan L.
Published: November 2023

Autistic children often require support in various competencies during early childhood. Parents and practitioners must collaborate for optimal child outcomes. Previous research indicates that parent-mediated learning supports children’s social communication, encourages parent-practitioner collaboration, and fosters parental feelings of support. However, there are limited studies on parent experiences with this intervention approach. The present study explored parent experiences with a new telehealth parent-mediated learning intervention designed to support children’s turn taking. Thematic analysis of 10 transcribed intervention sessions revealed the benefits of a mutual parent-practitioner relationship, parental feelings of support, and parent intervention acceptability. These findings are consistent with other studies on the parent-mediated learning approach and have implications for future practices in early intervention. Further research with multiple parents may provide additional insight into this intervention model’s acceptability and supportive nature.
Parenting Interventions That Promote Child Protection and Development for Preschool-Age Children with Developmental Disabilities: A Global Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Fang Zuyi , Liu Xinran , Zhang Cheng , Lachman Jamie M. , Qiao Dongping
Published: November 2023

Global guidelines emphasize the critical role of responsive caregiving in terms of reducing violence against children and promoting early childhood development. However, there is an absence of global evidence synthesis on the effects of early childhood parenting programs for children with developmental disabilities. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to investigate the effectiveness of parenting interventions delivered for preschool-age children with developmental disabilities in reducing violence against children, altering violence-related factors, and promoting child development. We searched for randomized controlled trials with inactive control. Estimates were pooled using robust variance estimations. Meta-regressions were conducted to explore sources of heterogeneity. In all, 33 studies met the inclusion criteria. The results showed that parenting programs improved child behavior, parental mental health, parenting practices, parental self-efficacy, parent–child interaction, child language skills, and child social skills post-intervention. No studies provided data on the actual occurrence of violence against children. Effects might vary by diagnosis, delivery modality, and world region. The findings supported the delivery of parenting programs to alter factors associated with violence against children and promote child language and social skills for families of young children with developmental disabilities, especially attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism, intellectual disability, and language disorders. More research using rigorous methods, long-term follow-ups, and transparent reporting is needed, particularly within more low- and middle-income countries.
Does Brand Choice Matter: Associations Between Usual E-Cigarette Brands and E-Cigarette Use Patterns Among U.S. Youth, 2021
Authors: Chen-Sankey Julia , Elhabashy Maryam , Schroth Kevin R. J.
Published: November 2023

Background.

To inform youth about e-cigarette use prevention, it is important to understand whether using e-cigarette products from certain brands is associated with youth’s differential e-cigarette use patterns and willingness to quit e-cigarettes.

Methods.

Data for this study come from the 2021 U.S. National Youth Tobacco Survey (NYTS). The sample was current (past-30-day) e-cigarette users (unweighted n = 1,436). We examined the associations between users’ usual e-cigarette brands (Puff, Vuse, Smoke, JUUL, and others) and e-cigarette use patterns (use frequency, use with nicotine, use with flavors) and willingness to quit, controlling for covariates.

Results.

In 2021, 25.6%, 9.7%, 8.1%, and 6.5% of users reported Puff, Vuse, Smok, and JUUL as their usual brands, respectively. Having Smok as a usual brand increased the odds of frequent e-cigarette use compared with other brands. Using Puff, Vuse, and Smok increased the odds of using e-cigarettes with nicotine. Using Puff and Smok increased the odds of using e-cigarettes with any flavors and fruit flavors, and using Smok and JUUL increased the odds of using mint flavors. Finally, using Vuse reduced the odds of having a willingness to quit e-cigarettes.

Conclusion.

Puff products, which are likely to be used infrequently and with fruit flavors, were the most endorsed usual brand by youth users. Vuse and Smok brand users demonstrated problematic use patterns, including high-frequency use of nicotine and reduced willingness to quit. The high prevalence of using flavors, especially banned flavors (e.g., mint for JUUL products), suggests the need for tightened restrictions on youth’s access to flavored e-cigarettes.
Practice Patterns on the Incorporation of Integrative Medicine Into the Oncologic Care of Patients With Cancer
Authors: Narayanan Santhosshi , Liu Wenli , Lopez Gabriel , Fellman Bryan , Reddy Akhila , Subbiah Ishwaria M. , Cohen Lorenzo , Bruera Eduardo
Published: November 2023

Background:

With rising interest in complementary approaches to symptom management, awareness of real-world practice patterns in the incorporation of integrative oncology (IO) into cancer care is limited. Therefore, we examined the reasons for referral, symptom burdens, and clinical outcomes for cancer patients who underwent initial IO consultations.

Methods:

The records of adult patients with cancer who underwent initial outpatient IO consultations at our cancer center for a representative 10-day period at the start of each month for 12 months starting January 1, 2017, were reviewed retrospectively. Patient demographic and medical characteristics and outpatient IO consultation details, including patient-reported outcome measures of symptom burden, were extracted. Descriptive summary statistics and logistic regression were used to analyze the data.

Results:

Among the 473 study patients, 71% were women, breast cancer (42%) was the most common cancer type, and 31% had metastatic cancer. Referring clinicians listed an integrative approach (57%) as the most common reason for referral, followed by diet (26%), pain (19%), discussion of herbs and supplements (18%), and stress (18%). In comparison, patients listed their primary concerns as diet (16%), pain (15%), and an integrative approach to overall health (11%). After the IO consultations, the highest likelihood of subsequent recommendations were acupuncture for hot flashes (odds ratio [OR], P = .002) or peripheral neuropathy (OR = 6.59, P < .001), oncology massage for pain (OR = 3.04, P < .001), psychology referral for patient’s self-reported anxiety (OR = 2.35, P < .001), and mind-body therapies for stress (OR = 2.57, P < .001).

Conclusion:

Cancer patients’ top concerns regarding IO consultation may not always match providers’ reasons for referral. Longitudinal data analysis is needed to determine the effect of integrative interventions on symptom burden.
Venous Anomalies Complicating Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion Exposures
Authors: Abbas Anas M. , Jung Bongseok , Ngan Alex , Tan Richard , Carrier Robert E. , Echevarria Alexandra C. , Kissin Mark , Verma Rohit B.
Published: November 2023

The effects of anomalous vasculature impeding optimal exposure to an anterior lumbar interbody fusion approach are limited in literature. We present five individual, unique cases of vascular anomalies in patients undergoing two-stage anterior-posterior lumbar interbody fusion. Cases 1, 2, 4, and 5 have yet to be described in literature in context of anterior lumbar interbody fusions. Case 3 presents anomalous vasculature that has only been described in two other case reports. Case 1 presents the right internal iliac vein originating from the left common iliac vein which was transected for L4-L5 vertebral disc exposure. Case 2 presents the left internal iliac vein originating from the right common iliac vein which required an oblique approach. Case 3 presents a duplicated inferior vena cava that was taken into account but did not interfere with the anterior retroperitoneal approach. Case 4 presents large osteophytes adhering to the left common iliac vein which limited safe dissection and mobilization. Case 5 presents the left internal iliac vein with a high takeoff spanning across the L5-S1 vertebral disc space and requiring transection. This case series highlights the need for preoperative imaging and a working detailed knowledge of anatomy to avoid damaging vasculature that can potentially lead to fatal consequences. The information given in this case series should inform both spine and vascular surgeons on proper preoperative planning. To maximize operative efficiency and safety, spine surgeons and vascular surgeons should collaborate to minimize surgical complications.
Successful Removal of a Fractured Desilets-Hoffman Sheath in a Patient With a Loop Arteriovenous Graft: Balloon-Supported Retrieval Technique
Authors: Choi Yoon Seo , Oh Chang Hoon
Published: November 2023

Introduction

While a Desilets–Hoffman sheath rarely fractures, when it does, the presence of an intravenous foreign body can cause various complications.

Case Presentation

A 74-year-old woman receiving hemodialysis for end-stage renal disease via a left forearm arteriovenous graft (AVG) was referred to the interventional radiology department following thrombotic occlusion of the AVG. A corrective procedure was initiated, and the 7F Desilets–Hoffman sheath fractured after the purse-string suture. A .035-inch guidewire was passed through the fractured sheath, and a 3.0-mm x 60-mm balloon catheter was inflated, allowing for the successful removal of the sheath fragment without complications.

Conclusion

The fractured Desilets-Hoffman sheath was successfully removed in a patient with a loop arteriovenous graft using balloon-supported retrieval technique.
Weekend Admission is Associated with Higher Kidney Failures after Thoracic Endovascular Aneurysm Repair for Stanford Type B Aortic Dissection
Authors: Li Renxi , Luo Qianyun , Green Derrick , Huddleston Stephen J.
Published: November 2023

Background

Weekend effect characterized by worse perioperative outcomes has been demonstrated in some surgery patients admitted on weekends, as opposed to weekdays. This study aimed to examine weekend effect on open surgical repair or thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair (TEVAR) for Stanford Type B Aortic Dissection (TBAD).

Methods

Patients who underwent TBAD repair were identified in National/Nationwisde Inpatient Sample from Q4 2015-2020. Open surgery and TEVAR were examined separately. Multivariable analyses were performed comparing in-hospital perioperative outcomes of patients under weekday and weekend admission. Adjusted preoperative variables included sex, age, race, socioeconomic status, hospital characteristics, clinical symptoms, comorbidities, and elective/non-elective admission. Also, length of stay, days from admission to operation, and total hospital charge were compared.

Results

Among patients who underwent open TBAD repair, 1321 were admitted on weekdays and 340 on weekends. Among patients who underwent TEVAR for TBAD, 2018 were admitted on weekdays and 440 wereadmitted on weekends. There was no difference in open repair outcomes between those admitted on weekdays vs weekends. In TEVAR, weekend admission was associated with higher post-procedural kidney failure (1.14% vs .20%, aOR = 4.11, P = .04) and superficial wound complications (2.73% vs 1.49%, aOR = 2.2, P = .03) but lower respiratory complications (5.80% vs 3.64%, aOR = .47, P = .01). Also, in TEVAR, weekend admission was associated with longer time from admission to operation (3.92 ± .27 vs 2.35 ± .09 days, P < .01).

Conclusions

Renal malperfusion was a common indication for TBAD repair. TBAD patients admitted over the weekend and underwent TEVAR had higher post-procedural kidney failure, which may be due to delayed diagnosis and treatment.
Two-stage stochastic programming model of US Army aviation allocation of utility helicopters to task forces
Authors: Nelson Russell J , Werner Jack , Kay Michael G , King Russell E , McConnell Brandon M , Thoney-Barletta Kristin
Published: November 2023

US Army aviation units often organize into task forces to meet mission requirements. The manner in which they allocate assets affects their long-term capabilities to provide aviation support. We propose a model to allocate utility helicopters across geographically separated task forces to minimize the total time of flight and unsupported air movement air mission requests (AMRs) by priority level. We model the allocation problem with a two-stage stochastic program, with the first-stage problem allocating a fleet’s helicopter teams to task forces. The stochastic demand for each task force is then revealed. The second-stage US Army aviation air movement operations planning problem is modeled as a stochastic mixed integer linear program (MILP). A practical application uses the air movement operations planning heuristic to solve the second-stage problem at scale and generate an optimal stochastic solution task force allocation. This paper provides evidence for the practical use of the proposed two-stage stochastic programming model for US Army aviation asset allocation by military decision-makers. Furthermore, this research provides a novel first formulation of a stochastic programming dial-a-ride problem with multinode refuel and a sound framework for military aviation asset allocation decision-making.
Joint Replacement Technology in the Ambulatory Surgery Center: Current and Future Applications
Authors: Chen James B. , Borsinger Tracy M. , Chalmers Brian P. , Debbi Eytan M.
Published: November 2023

Total joint replacement (TJR) surgery in the ambulatory surgery centers (ASCs) has grown significantly over the past several years, along with the ability to improve the value of care. Standardization of high-quality, perioperative care is pivotal to the success of a TJR ASC program. As surgeons are experiencing increasing overhead with decreasing reimbursement, technology integration can provide major advantages. In this article, we will therefore highlight several examples of technologies that are changing the field and improving care in the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative settings.
A textile device for the therapy of patients with burn wounds by the use of a drug delivery from a hydrogel to dermis
Authors: Cuturicu Laura Lu , Macarel Vasile Ciprian , Rusu Raluca Andreea , Lacatusu Codrin , Danila Angela , Statescu Laura , Rimbu Cristina Mihaela , Radu Cezar Doru , Luca Stefana
Published: November 2023

The paper proposes a textile device for patients with large area burn wounds consisting of an assembly made up of a knitted backing layer, a hydrogel, with an antibiotic content, as a second layer and a membrane with controlled porosity located directly at the interface with the wound. The knit is the material support with a supporting clothing role, but also as a solution tank. The hydrogel has a keratin structure obtained from human hair with advanced swelling capacity and porosity. The study proposes the use of silver sulfadiazine (SSD), an antibiotic used in the topical therapy of burn wounds. The work optimizes the degree of swelling, evaluates the porosity of the hydrogel and designs the support garment for wound therapy. The optimal parameters to obtain the maximal swelling degree are: duration of hydrolytic reaction 180 min, volume of hydrogen peroxide 3.7 mL and duration of oxidation 90–125 min. Based on these optimal parameters one can obtain swelling degrees higher than 1000%. The device proposed is reusable and supports the SSD diffusion to wound.
The effect of miss stitches on the dimensional and stretch properties of double weft cotton/flax knitted fabrics
Authors: Bukhonka Nadiia P , Kyzymchuk Olena P
Published: November 2023

This research aims to investigate the influence of single miss stitches on the structural characteristics, dimensional stability, and stretch properties of double weft cotton/flax knitted fabrics. The study encompasses nine fabric variants with different numbers of knit and miss stitches in the repeat, alongside with half Milano rib fabric. All knitted fabrics are produced using a 2-ply 25x2tex x 2 cotton/flax blend yarn (70% cotton, 30% flax) on a 10 -gage flat-bed knitting machine. The comprehensive analysis encompasses crucial structural properties after dry relaxation for 10 days and after four washing cycles. Also, both the dimensional properties and stretch properties were examined b lengthwise and widthwise. It was found that the lengthwise dimensional changes for all fabrics were significantly greater than widthwise. The interlooping repeat significantly affects the widthwise fabric shrinkage: an increase in the percentage of missed stitches in the repeat leads to a decrease in the widthwise shrinkage. The full lengthwise deformation of studied fabrics ranges between 15% and 25%, while the widthwise value reaches up to 63% and depends on miss stitches repeat. An Increasing the percentage of missed stitches in the repeat leads to a decrease in the widthwise stretching due to the floats’ positioning in this direction. Fabrics with the same percentage of miss stitches in the repeat show similar levels of structural characteristics, shrinkage and deformations. In brief, this research offers valuable insights into the properties of double knitted fabrics with different single miss stitches. Understanding how these stitches influence fabric characteristics can greatly optimize textile design and manufacturing for both fashion and technical textiles.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on police recorded domestic abuse: Empirical evidence from seven English police forces
Authors: Hohl Katrin
Published: November 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic and associated lockdowns have provided an unprecedented opportunity to study how such situational factors affect police recorded domestic abuse. This article presents findings from a large, representative study of the effect of the introduction and lifting of lockdowns on the volume and nature of domestic abuse recorded by seven English police forces within the first 12 months of the pandemic. The results suggest that lockdowns and the pandemic context did not create the domestic abuse crisis, and that the crisis does not go away when lockdown restrictions lift. Lockdowns interact with and amplify underlying patterns of domestic abuse. Notable differences between police forces suggest that local contexts and local police force practices play a role, with implications beyond pandemic contexts.
The emotional infrastructure of a cybercrime collective: Evidence from Dark0de
Authors: Sawicka Maja , Bancroft Angus , Rafanell Irene
Published: November 2023

Complex cybercrime markets face collective action problems. As they involve disparate networks of individuals, they cannot use in person persuasion or coercion to ensure cooperation. They face a tension between being open to new members and opportunities, and regulating participation. We propose that collective emotional regulation plays a crucial part in managing members’ behaviours within illicit marketspaces. We take one critical case, Dark0de, which was a leading English language cybercrime market. Drawing on a publicly available dataset of internal discussions, we use Qualitative Thematic Content Analysis and Conversational Analysis to investigate how through mutual emotion regulation, this cybercrime collective managed collective action dilemmas deriving from the context of its activity, containing conflict among members and fostering cooperation along with competition. We conclude that emotional micro-dynamics are key to maintaining cybercriminal marketplaces as relatively stable communities, circumscribing individuals’ actions and aligning them with emergent normative orders, enabling those communities to remain operable in adverse environments. Dark0de can be seen as a representative case for a category of digital environments where the community develops its own emotional ethnopsychology which uses displays of semi-ironic abuse and attack along with cooperation on emerging projects.
Breeding habitat selection of three sympatric species of Mediterranean warblers in eastern Spain
Authors: Moreno-Mosquera Eyda A. , Drechsler Robby M. , Rivera Silvia , Monrós Juan S.
Published: November 2023

Understanding habitat selection patterns in congeneric species has raised special interest due to its importance when designing conservation strategies for the species. We analysed reproductive habitat selection of three coexisting warbler species in the eastern Iberian Peninsula. We detected the individuals by their vocalizations at 40 listening points in two study areas (Carcaixent and Alcoy). We used satellite images to identify different vegetation types and their availability. Reproductive habitat selection was analysed by the Ivlev selectivity index and a compositional analysis. In addition, we determined the effect of different habitat variables (dominant vegetation, vegetation height, cover and site) on the presence of the species fitting a binomial GLM with logistic linking function. We found that the Sardinian Warbler ( Curruca Melanocephala) selected scrub-dominated areas; while the Dartford Warbler ( C. undata) preferred areas with low (<50%) vegetation cover; and the Subalpine Warbler ( C. cantillans) was present in areas with scrubs and low (<50%) vegetation cover, avoiding crops. The compositional analysis showed that the species used different vegetation types, in relation to their availability and that the selection differed between species. The Sardinian Warbler was the only species which showed spatial variation in reproductive habitat selection. Our results evidence that the studied warbler species select and avoid different types of vegetation in relation to their specific requirements and the present habitat structure. This represents valuable information to understand the composition of local communities and the reproductive habitat selection of the studied species.
Trigger thumb treatment approach: Results of a survey of EPOS members
Authors: Carvalho Marcos , Perez-Lopez Laura M , Farr Sebastian , Catena Nunzio
Published: November 2023

Purpose:

The aim of this study is to analyze the clinical reality of pediatric trigger thumb among members of the European Paediatric Orthopaedic Society.

Methods:

A 35-question survey was sent to all European Paediatric Orthopaedic Society members, focusing on surgeon’s profile and experience, trigger thumb diagnostic and trigger thumb treatment approach. Descriptive statistics were performed.

Results:

A total of 99 responses were analyzed. Most important factor considered in the therapeutic approach was the presence of a locked interphalangeal joint (52%). Regarding treatment, 41.4% opt for conservative approach as the first line of treatment, while 30.3% consider surgery and 28.3% just observe. Nevertheless, 76% mention to treat conservatively their patients and 99% to consider surgery at some stage. Regarding surgical technique, 96% do it open and 56% consider 2 years as the minimum age for procedure. Most surgeons perform this procedure in out-patient care (87%), don’t administer prophylactic antibiotherapy (80%), use a tourniquet (75%), don’t use any postoperative immobilization (64%), and report complications related to surgery (64%), mainly recurrence/incomplete division (59%) and superficial wound infection (30%).

Conclusion:

Our study shows a significant variability in the initial management of pediatric trigger thumb with a predominance of conservative management, followed by surgery and observation without treatment. The disparity in treatment options and timing, or waiting times before moving on to different therapeutic options, shows us that this is a controversial issue and that the development of prospective randomized controlled studies is needed to analyze the different treatment methods and determine which ones give the best outcomes.
User-Centered Design of a Diabetes Self-Management Tool for Underserved Populations
Authors: Bonet-Olivencia Samuel , Carrillo-Leal Jesus , Rao Arjun , Sasangohar Farzan
Published: November 2023

Background:

User-centered design (UCD) or user experience design (UXD) methods have gained recent popularity for the design of mobile health (mHealth) interventions. However, there is a gap in application of these methods for diabetes self-management. This study aims to document the UCD process for a self-management mobile application aimed for patients with diabetes in underserved communities.

Methods:

A UCD mixed-methods approach including interviews with patients and providers, a review of literature, and a technology landscape analysis were used to define the app functional information requirements that informed the user experience/user interface design process. Usability studies with the app designers and developers, intended users, and a focus group of nurse educators and dieticians were used to test and improve the design.

Results:

An mHealth app was developed with health-tracking features for stress, blood sugar, food, exercise, medications, weight, and blood pressure. We tackled a range of usability and user experience challenges, which encompassed addressing issues like low health literacy by employing a combination of user interface design principles, intuitive visualizations, customizable icons, seamless database integration, and automated data input features. Special attention was given to the design of educational content accounting for the intended users’ cultural background and literacy levels.

Conclusions:

User-centered design approach contributed to a better understanding of the intended users’ needs, limitations, mental models, and expectations, facilitating the design of a comprehensive mobile app for patients with diabetes in underserved communities that includes essential features for self-management while providing a strong educational component, addressing an important gap in the literature.