bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penetrating Keratoplasty for Keratoconus in Vietnamese Patients
Authors: Cung Le Xuan , Nga Duong Mai , Ngan Nguyen Dinh , Hiep Nguyen Xuan , Quyet Do , Thai Than Van , Nga Vu Thi , Chu Dinh Toi , Bac Nguyen Duy
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND: Keratoconus is an ectatic corneal disorder that can impair the visual acuity. Up to now, penetrating keratoplasty (PK) remains the most common surgical procedure to treat severe keratoconus. In Vietnam, most keratoconus patients come to visit doctor at severe stage and were treated by PK, so we conduct this study.
AIM: To evaluate the results of PK for keratoconus in Vietnamese patients.
METHODS: This was a retrospective study of 31 eyes with keratoconus who underwent PK in VNIO from January 2005 to December 2014.
RESULTS: The average visual acuity was 0.86 ± 0.37 logMAR (20/145). In the group of patients without amblyopia, best spectacle-corrected visual acuity of 20/60 or better was recorded in 75.9% of eyes and 93.1% of eyes achieved a best corrected visual acuity with hard contact lenses of 20/40 or better. Mean postoperative corneal power was 43.8 ± 4.5D. Mean corneal astigmatism was 5.9 ± 2.7D. 94.6% of grafts remained clear. Posterior subcapsular cataract developed in 22.6% of eyes. Graft rejection was recognized in 12.9% of eyes.
CONCLUSION: PK is an effective procedure with high rate of graft survival for keratoconus patients. However, patients should be aware of the necessary of optical correction to gain the best VA after surgery.
UNSOLVED PROBLEMS IN THE THEORY OF DEMOGRAPHIC REVOLUTION
Authors: Vishnevsky Anatoly
Published: March 2020

The theory of demographic revolution / demographic transition is the main theoretical construction underlying modern concepts of demographic processes and their historical evolution. It enjoys wide and well-deserved recognition. At the same time, this theory can hardly be considered complete, as it is not free of contradictions and unsolved issues.The theory in its present form does not sufficiently recognize the demographic revolution as a unity of three revolutions — in mortality, fertility and migration — and pays them unequal attention.The theory underestimates the relative autonomy and interdependence of demographic processes, which leads to an exaggeration of the role of economic, political or cultural determinants of demographic shifts and to a downplaying of the role of these shifts as causes of economic, political and cultural changes. The theory of demographic revolution did not sufficiently integrate modern concepts of the behaviour of complex systems, their capacity for self-organization and homeostatic self-regulation.Only when this has been done will the theory be able to rid itself of its inherent “pessimistic eschatology”, and its explanatory potential be fully realized.
THE INFLUENCE OF ELDERLY PEOPLE’ SOCIALIZATION ON THEIR PERCEPTION... OF HEALTHCARE SERVICES QUALITY
Authors: Vetrova Ekaterina , Vasianina Daria , Mityushnikov Ivan
Published: March 2020

The state of the health care system is an important characteristic of the country’s social and economic development, but the results of surveys can not demonstrate an objective result. The respondents are influenced by a number of factors, including their level of socialization, in assessing healthcare services. In the article, we consider the hypothesis that communication with relatives and neighborhood significantly increases the relative pessimism of the subjective evaluation of healthcare services by the elderly. In order to reduce the incompatibility of subjective assessments of respondents, the anchoring vignette method is used.
AUTONOMOUS AND REMOTELY CONTROLLED ROBOTIC SYSTEMS OF MEDICAL EVACUATION UNDER TRANSITION TO A DIGITAL ECONOMY: DEVELOPMENTS OF THE LOMONOSOV MOSCOW STATE UNIVERSITY AND THE ALL-RUSSIAN CENTER OF DISASTER MEDICINE “ZASCHITA”
Authors: Sadovnichy Viktor A. , Sokolova L. , Baranova N. , Goncharov S. , Staroverov V. , Solodova R. , Sokolov M.
Published: March 2020

Medical evacuation of severelly ill or injured patients is a complicated and expensive problem. Transportation is performed by highly-qualified medical crew and on special vehicles (automobiles, on-land and water transport). Modern digital models enable significantly optimize patient transportation by creating new approaches. Robotization and artificial intelligence within transportation provides opportunity to improve the outcomes with significant reduction of its cost. lemedicine
Socio-economic Determinants of Adolescent Health in Russia
Authors: Gazizullina P.
Published: March 2020

The article presents the results of a comprehensive study of the socio-economic determinants of the health of Russian adolescents, performed using quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative analysis was carried out on the basis of the data of the Russian Monitoring of the Economic Situation and Health conducted by the Higher School of Economics for 2010-2016 (19th- 25th waves) using the logistic regression apparatus. Qualitative data are obtained by conducting 39 semi-structured interviews with adolescents aged 14-17 living in the Republic of Udmurtia and the Moscow Region in two stages: in 2010 and 2013. Within the framework of the study, the complex of socio-cultural determinants of health is separately singled out for the first time and its significance is shown for the health of Russian teenagers. The definition of the most significant socio-economic determinants of adolescent health enabled developing a series of recommendations in the area of public health promotion policy.
Application of Social Engineering Elements to Marketing. of Public Science-Promoting Educational Products in Biomedicine
Authors: Gerasimenko V. , Andreyuk D.
Published: March 2020

In order to overcome the low level of literacy of the population in the issues of modern innovative technologies, the paper suggests a technological approach, which combines methods of classical marketing with elements of social engineering on the basis of a neuro-evolutionary paradigm. The essence of this approach is to organize social communications in the target group by analogy with neuron connections in mathematical neural networks, thus ensuring the group’s high efficiency in making collective decisions. At the stage of testing of this campaign, over 3 thousand people were involved in scientific and educational activities of a biomedical orientation.
Environmental-friendly gold nanoparticle immunochromatographic assay for ochratoxin A based on biosynthetic mimetic mycotoxin-conjugates
Authors: You K-H. , Luo X-E. , Hu W-J. , Xu Y. , Guo J-B. , He Q-H.
Published: March 2020

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a possibly carcinogenic mycotoxin which is one of the most abundant food contaminants. It can be normally monitored and detected by immunochromatographic assays (ICG) which have a good sensitivity and specificity and easy to operate. However, the development of normal ICG is based on traditional OTA-conjugates or chemosynthetic mimotope peptides, which are very high-cost reagents with a detrimental effect on the environment and operators. This study takes advantage of both biosynthetic mimetic OTA-conjugates and a convenient IGG to develop a novel environmental-friendly and low-cost ICG for the rapid detection of OTA. Qualitatively, the visual cut-off level of the developed ICG for OTA was 0.8 ng/ml, which is 10-fold more sensitive than the chemosynthetic mimotope peptide based ICG, while there is no cross-reaction with other mycotoxins. The assay takes only 15 min to acquire results visible to the naked eye. Quantitatively, the half inhibition concentration of the ICG setup with mimetic OTA-conjugates was 0.187 ng/ml, with a linear range of 0.015 to 0.5 ng/ml. These results demonstrate the potential to adapt the method for detecting other toxic mycotoxins.
ORGAN ACCOMPANIMENT PRACTICES OF UNEDUCATED CANTORS IN SMALL VILLAGES OF THE CARPATHIAN BASIN
PRAKSE ORGELSKE SPREMLJAVE PRI NEŠOLANIH KANTORJIH V VASEH PANONSKE NIŽINE

Authors: Richter Pál
Published: March 2020

Cantors uneducated in music are usually outside the church hierarchy, but inside the community in small Christian villages of east-central Europe. Their organ playing and accompaniment may preserve characteristics from previous centuries and can be regarded as proof of a formerly widespread harmonization method, but may also appear within music learning as a certain degree of musical knowledge, offering an anthropological explanation of the entire phenomenon. Using the inductive method, the results of case studies from the Carpathian Basin can be considered more or less valid for the larger European region (i.e., east-central Europe) with similar history, social development, and cultural circumstances.***Glasbeno nešolani kantorji navadno niso del cerkvene hierarhije, so pa del skupnosti krščanskih vasic v vzhodni Srednji Evropi. Način njihovega igranja in spremljave na orgle lahko ohranja značilnosti igranja prejšnjih stoletij ter tako ponazarja nekdaj razširjeni način harmonizacije, lahko pa se pojavlja tudi pri samem učenju glasbe, in sicer kot določena raven glasbenega znanja, ki prispeva k antropološki razlagi celotnega pojava. Izsledki študij primerov v Panonski nižini, pridobljeni na podlagi induktivne metode, bolj ali manj veljajo tudi za druge kraje na širšem evropskem območju (tj. v vzhodni Srednji Evropi) s podobno zgodovino, družbenim razvojem in kulturnimi okoliščinami.
Una atribución a Juan de Juni en el Bode Museum
Authors: Arias Martínez Manuel , López-Fanjul y Díez del Corral María
Published: March 2020

Este artículo está dedicado a estudiar un relieve en terracota conservado en el Bode-Museum de Berlin, atribuyéndolo al escultor Juan de Juni.
Enjeux individuels et institutionnels au cœur d’un dispositif innovant : le doctorat par la validation des acquis de l’expérience dans le champ de l’architecture
Authors: Lafont Pascal , Pariat Marcel , Bacha Zohra
Published: March 2020

La loi de modernisation sociale de 2002 introduit une nouvelle voie de certification puisque toute personne, engagée dans la vie active depuis au moins une année, peut faire valider son expérience en vue de l’obtention d’un diplôme ou titre à finalité professionnelle. Aussi, le schéma selon lequel une certification était la sanction terminale d’une formation académique ou professionnelle se trouve-t-il modifié. Comment, dans le cas du doctorat, la VAE pourrait-elle apparaître comme une innovation porteuse de changements du mode d’attribution du titre de docteur ? L’hypothèse proposée est que les intentionnalités des acteurs seraient révélatrices d’enjeux individuels et institutionnels dans le champ de la recherche. Il s’agit donc d’analyser l’application de la VAE au niveau doctoral en fonction des exigences institutionnelles susceptibles de porter un dispositif innovant en émergence. Sur le plan méthodologique, le corpus est constitué d’entretiens semi-directifs de directeurs/trices d’école doctorale (ED), de comptes rendus de réunions du comité de pilotage, et d’une rencontre avec les représentants des laboratoires siégeant au conseil d’école doctorale (ED) de la spécialité « architecture ». L’emprunt à la recherche action et à l’observation participante y est manifeste, et l’analyse des discours débouche sur l’identification de représentations que se font les acteurs du dispositif de VAE doctorale. Finalement, il s’agit d’un cas d’étude des rapports qu’innovation et changement entretiennent, rapport conflictuel dès lors que la résistance au changement est envisagée comme frein à la dynamique d’innovation, rapport stratégique et parfois dissimulé quand l’innovation sert un changement promu.
The Structure of the LEAD Program
Authors: Palazzolo Alyssa N. , Pizzo Dana L.
Published: March 2020

The L.E.A.D. program originally started as a secondary model for service learning to assist local secondary schools with Student Success Initiatives. As the L.E.A.D. Program matured, it expanded to the elementary level. This chapter briefly touches upon the origins of L.E.A.D. as it relates to the structure of the program (theoretical and practical). The theoretical (course-based) component of the program will be outlined in terms of the types of lectures, workshops, activities, and presentations in which L.E.A.D. teacher candidates participate. The practical (field placement) component of the program will be explained in terms of placement requirements and potential L.E.A.D. involvement. Similarities and differences between the elementary and secondary models will also be explained.
Predicting and Explaining Cyber Ethics with Ethical Theories
Authors: Yaokumah Winfred
Published: March 2020

People face multiple decisions that have ethical dimensions and are often unable to resolve appropriately those ethical dilemmas in the use of the cyberspace. Individuals find it difficult to explain the rationale behind their moral judgments in their interactions and access to digital content. Identifying ethical and moral orientation that prompts acceptable or unacceptable ethical judgments is an important factor in cyber ethics. The goal of this study is to employ three prominent ethical theories to predict and explain cyber ethical judgements in terms of computer ethics, privacy, intellectual property rights, and academic integrity. The study develops conceptual and predictive models to test a set of hypotheses. The results show consequential ethics as the most significant predictor of computer ethics, cyber privacy, and academic integrity. Deontological ethics most significantly predict intellectual property rights but is not a significant predictor of academic integrity.
Video-Based Human Activity Recognition for Elderly Using Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Vijayaprabakaran K.  , Sathiyamurthy K.  , Ponniamma M.
Published: March 2020

A typical healthcare application for elderly people involves monitoring daily activities and providing them with assistance. Automatic analysis and classification of an image by the system is difficult compared to human vision. Several challenging problems for activity recognition from the surveillance video involving the complexity of the scene analysis under observations from irregular lighting and low-quality frames. In this article, the authors system use machine learning algorithms to improve the accuracy of activity recognition. Their system presents a convolutional neural network (CNN), a machine learning algorithm being used for image classification. This system aims to recognize and assist human activities for elderly people using input surveillance videos. The RGB image in the dataset used for training purposes which requires more computational power for classification of the image. By using the CNN network for image classification, the authors obtain a 79.94% accuracy in the experimental part which shows their model obtains good accuracy for image classification when compared with other pre-trained models.
Climatic trends of temperatures and precipitation in Brazilian localities
Authors: Penereiro Júlio César
Published: March 2020

In recent decades, scientific and academic researchers around the world have been concerned with the assessment of regional and global climate trends.  Under the hypothesis of the presence of climate change in Brazil, the aim of this work was to verify annual climate trends of maximum and minimum air temperatures and precipitation in 243 localities over all the Brazilian political regions. The data were obtained from National Institute of Meteorology. In this work there were identified and analysed trends in annual time series distributed between in 1961 and 2017. The detections and analyses were performed by the application of the statistical tests of Mann-Kendall and the Pettitt to evaluate the presence of statistical trends. The statistical results and the trend distributions maps show that, from all the studied localities, for maximum temperature indicate increasing trends in 35% of the series, decreasing trends in 1 and no trends in 64%. The minimum temperature showed increasing trends in 30% of the analysed series, decreasing in 8% and no trends in 63%. The precipitation, showed increasing trends in 6% of the studied series, decreasing in 4 and no trends in 91%. The observed climate trends can be related to anthropological activities like urban spraw, industrial development and increasing population density.
Technical analysis of an oven with coupled receiver for scheffler solar concentrator tested under cloudy weather conditions
Authors: Dib Erick Alfred , Marques Luanda Gimeno , Figueiredo Renan Tavares , Fiorelli Flávio Augusto Sanzovo
Published: March 2020

Most of the solar collectors experiments are carried out under clear-sky conditions to evaluate the maximum performance of collectors, even though this condition is not critical for some uses, such as cooking. The optical and thermal performance of a solar oven heated by Scheffler concentrator is here analyzed in more adverse weather conditions. The receiver for conversion and heat transfer of the concentrated solar energy is coupled to an oven specially developed for this work. The Scheffler concentrator geometry is a lateral cut angled 43.23° of a paraboloid matrix, and it works in a two-axis tracking system, to always maintain its focal image at the stationary receiver with the progression of the Earth rotation and solar declination movements. A model for distributing the daily radiation over the hours is used to compare the results. The time-constant experimental method is considered. The heating and cooling tests were carried out at the official local time. The maximum temperature achieved by the absorber was 328°C, and the maximum average temperature in the oven was 150°C. The results for heat loss factor were evaluated, and the trends for thermal efficiency and optical efficiency factor were analyzed for the system considered
Short-term forecasting models for automated data backup system: segmented regression analysis
Authors: Pereira Leandro Duarte , Balestrassi Pedro Paulo , Paes Vinicius de Carvalho , Paiva Anderson Paulo de , Peruchi Rogério Santana , Mendes Ronã Rinston Amauri
Published: March 2020

The Information and Communication Technology (ICT) becomes a critical area to business success; organizations need to adopt additional measures to ensure the availability of their services. However, such services are often not planned, analyzed and monitored, which impacts the assurance quality to customers. The backup is the service addressed in this study, with the object of study of the automated data backup systems in operation at the Federal University of Itajuba - Brazil. The main objective of this research was to present a logical sequence of steps to obtain short-term forecast models that estimate the point at which each recording media reaches its storage capacity limit. The input data was collected in the metadata generated by the backup system, with 2 years data window. For the implementation of the models, the simple univariate linear regression technique was employed in conjunction, in some cases, with the simple segmented linear regression. In order to discover the breakpoint, a targeted approach to residual analysis was applied. The results obtained by the iterative implementation of the proposed algorithm showed adherence to the characteristics of the analyzed series, with accuracy measures, regression significance, normality residual through control charts, model adjustment, among others. As a result, an algorithm was developed for integration into automated backup systems using the methodology described in this study.
Sodium reduction by hyposodic salt on quality and chemical composition of hamburgers
Authors: Ramos Tatiane Rogelio , Vital Ana Carolina Pelaes , Mottin Camila , Torrecilhas Juliana Akamine , Valero Maribel Velandia , Guerrero Ana , Kempinski Emília Maria Barbosa Carvalho , Prado Ivanor Nunes do
Published: March 2020

This work evaluated the effect of NaCl reduction on the quality and sensorial attributes of hamburgers. Three treatments were tested: control (CON), 100% NaCl; reduction of 25% NaCl (T25), and one with 50% NaCl (T50). The pH, color, lipid oxidation, cooking losses, and texture were analyzed during 120 days of freezing storage. Chemical composition and sensory analyses were performed. The chemical composition was similar for all treatments. The pH value remained within acceptable limits throughout storage. The color, lipid oxidation, cooking losses, and texture were not influenced by the sodium replacement and freezing storage. Sensorial acceptability was also not influenced by sodium reduction. Thus, the results indicated that up to 50% replacement of NaCl by KCl could be carried out in hamburger production without altering the quality and sensorial acceptability.
 As demandas em saúde de crianças no processo de adaptação na creche: Contribuições da enfermagem/ Health demands of children in the process of adaptation to the day care center: Nursing contributions
Authors: Farias dos Santos Queila , Garcia Bezerra Góes Fernanda , Cerqueira Santos Santana da Silva Aline , Johanson da Silva Laura , Das Mercês da Silva Szaz Jacqueline , Pereira Maia de Oliveira Luíza
Published: March 2020

Introdução: a adaptação na creche precisa ser analisada sob a ótica da saúde como um elemento-chave para a proteção de uma infância saudável. Objetivos: descrever os fatores intervenientes no processo de adaptação da criança na creche e analisar as demandas em saúde nesse processo. Métodos: pesquisa descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa, realizada em uma creche municipal do Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brasil, com sete profissionais de educação infantil, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados foram submetidos à análise temática. Resultados: os achados apontaram que família, ambiente, acolhimento, frequência na creche e alimentação são fatores que interferem na adaptação da criança na creche. Há demandas em saúde da criança e da família para as quais seria importante ter a participação de um profissional de saúde, incluindo o enfermeiro. Contudo, a compreensão de saúde ainda é vinculada ao modelo biomédico do processo saúde-doença. Conclusões: a adaptação na creche é influenciada por fatores multidimensionais que incluem as relações interpessoais estabelecidas nesse ambiente. A atuação do enfermeiro na creche ainda precisa ganhar força e visibilidade política e social.
Simpósio de promoção da saúde e análise do eixo reorientação dos serviços de saúde: relato de experiência/Health promotion symposium and analisys of health services reorientation axis: experience report
Authors: Heidemann Ivonete Teresinha Schülter Buss , Dalmolin Indiara Sartori , Durand Michelle Kuntz , Alonso da Costa Maria Fernanda Baeta Neves , Lange Celmira
Published: March 2020

Objetivo: relatar a experiência de realizar o I Simpósio Internacional de Promoção da Saúde: diálogo com os determinantes sociais, e analisar os resumos do Eixo Reorientação dos Serviços de Saúde da Carta de Ottawa. Método: Simpósio realizado em 2015 pelo Laboratório de Pesquisa em Enfermagem e Promoção da Saúde, no qual foram selecionados 78 resumos, apresentados na modalidade roda de conversa e pôster. Elaborou-se uma planilha com as categorias profissionais, título, objetivo, método, e resultados de cada resumo. Os resumos foram lidos na íntegra e os resultados categorizados, por meio da análise temática de Minayo, e representados nas categorias: integralidade das ações; formação profissional e intersetorialidade. Resultados: A reestruturação da Atenção Primária à Saúde e a formação profissional são as principais estratégias para a Reorientação dos Serviços de Saúde. São apontadas como fundamentais para implantação da promoção da saúde, visto que procuram transformar o modelo de atenção através da implantação de programas oferecidos pelo Sistema Único de Saúde: o Programa Nacional de Reorientação da Formação Profissional em Saúde e o Programa Vivências e Estágios na Realidade do SUS. Considerações Finais: A promoção da saúde precisa ganhar destaque nas políticas e ser reafirmada no cotidiano do trabalho e em toda a rede assistencial.
Perspectivas de vida e de viver de pessoas em tratamento hemodialítico
Authors: Souza Diego Felipe Almeida de , Pereira Bárbara Caroliny , Resende Dázio Eliza Maria , Vilela Sueli de Carvalho , Terra Fábio de Souza , Rodrigues Resck Zélia Marilda
Published: March 2020

Objetivo: compreender a perspectiva de vida e de viver de pessoas em tratamento hemodialítico. Método: pesquisa qualitativa com embasamento fenomenológico de Martin Heidegger, realizada com 15 pessoas em tratamento hemodialítico, em um hospital geral do Sul de Minas Gerais. Utilizou-se um roteiro para caracterização dos participantes e a entrevista gravada. Para elucidar o fenômeno, desenvolveram-se as etapas da trajetória fenomenológica utilizando-se o existencialismo. Resultado: à luz de Heidegger foram apreendidas três categorias que emergiram das unidades de significado: A pessoa em tratamento hemodialítico: enfrentamentos; o convívio social: limitações e desafios; Ente doente: possibilidades e perspectiva de vida. O Ser desvelou dificuldade em relação à limitação da doença e do tratamento, uma vez que as escolhas transpassam a sua vontade; a importância dos familiares e profissionais de saúde na superação da dependência e na valorização como Ser social; e a expectativa de futuro está relacionada à realização do transplante renal. Considerações finais: foi possível compreender a vivência da pessoa em tratamento hemodialítico enquanto um Ser-aí, Ser-no-mundo e Ser-para-os-outros, assinalando as vertentes do homem como projeto, sua intencionalidade, potencialidades e factibilidade perante os fenômenos doença, tratamento e vida.
 Fatores relacionados à adesão ao tratamento farmacológico por idosos na Atenção Primária à Saúde/ Factors related to adhesion to pharmacological treatment by seniors in Primary Health Care
Authors: Christinelli Heloá Costa Borim , Gonçalves Claudinei Borsato , Costa Maria Antonia Ramos , Spigolon Dandara Novakowski , Teston Élen Ferraz , Stevanato Kely Paviani , Fernandes Carlos Alexandre Molena
Published: March 2020

Objetivo: identificar os fatores relacionados à adesão ao tratamento farmacológico por idosos na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Método: Estudo descritivo desenvolvido junto a uma equipe da Estratégia Saúde da Família, em um município do noroeste do Paraná. Os dados foram coletados nos meses de junho e julho de 2018, por meio de questionário aplicado no momento da visita domiciliar. Posteriormente, os dados foram registrados, organizados em planilhas e submetidos à estatística descritiva. Resultados: Dentre os 118 idosos participantes, 61,1% eram do sexo feminino, 78,8% tinham entre 60 e 69 anos, 59,3% possuíam até oito anos de estudo, 12,2% apresentavam alguma deficiência física, 9,7% necessitavam de auxílio para utilizar medicamentos, 60,1% faziam uso da medicação conforme prescrição médica, 12,1% já fez uso de medicamento trocado, 39,8%, utilizavam de 1 a 3 medicamentos prescritos pelo médico, 50% relataram automedicação, 84,7% relataram conhecimento da indicação de todos os medicamentos, 5,1% indicaram que a maior dificuldade para aderir ao tratamento é o medicamento não ser fornecido gratuitamente. Conclusão: Diante dos fatores destacados pelos participantes como influentes na adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso, torna-se necessário que profissionais e gestores estabeleçam conjuntamente estratégias para facilitar o acesso aos medicamentos necessários para os idosos.
Fatores associados ao conhecimento sobre Papanicolaou/ Factors associated with knowledge about the pap test
Authors: Soares Maurícia Brochado Oliveira , Pereira Gilberto de Araújo , Silva Sueli Riul da
Published: March 2020

Objetivo: conhecer os fatores que se associam ao conhecimento sobre o exame de Papanicolaou em mulheres usuárias do Serviço Público Municipal de Saúde. Método: estudo quantitativo e transversal, realizado no interior de São Paulo com 180 mulheres. Utilizou-se instrumento para caracterizar o perfil e verificar o conhecimento. Realizou-se análise estatística descritiva, teste qui-quadrado para análise bivariada e regressão logística binária para multivariada. Resultados: as mulheres possuíam +/-43,6 anos, a maior parte tinha trabalho remunerado, cor parda, companheiro, não utilizava preservativo, não apresentava queixas ginecológicas e realizava o exame em tempo adequado. O conhecimento foi satisfatório quanto ao local e à forma de realização do exame e insatisfatório quanto à população-alvo e periodicidade. Conclusão: associaram-se ao conhecimento satisfatório as variáveis cor da pele branca, renda familiar, queixa ginecológica e realizar o exame em tempo adequado; mulheres com renda familiar mensal de dois ou mais salários mínimos apresentaram mais chances de ter conhecimento adequado sobre o exame de Papanicolaou.
Pacote de medidas para nutrição enteral em unidade de terapia intensiva adulto: pesquisa convergente-assistencial/ Package of measures for enteral nutrition in adult intensive care unit: convergent assistant research
Authors: Silva Lucas Marcelo Meira , Tanita Marcos Toshiyuki , Hirata Luciana Saori , Montezeli Juliana Helena , Gastaldi Andréia Bendine
Published: March 2020

Objetivo: elaborar e implementar, de modo coletivo, um pacote de medidas para o manejo da nutrição enteral em uma unidade de terapia intensiva adulto. Método: pesquisa convergente-assistencial desenvolvida em uma unidade de terapia intensiva adulto, com 13 profissionais, sendo eles: enfermeiros, médicos, nutricionista e técnicos de enfermagem que trabalhavam neste local. Foram compostos grupos de discussão embasados em evidências científicas para construir um pacote de medidas para o manejo da nutrição enteral, implementando-o no cenário estudado e em outro setor semelhante da instituição. Foram realizadas três reuniões com os participantes para elaboração dos instrumentos. Resultados: o pacote apresenta recomendações para: cuidados com o cateter de alimentação, início e progressão da terapia nutricional enteral, atividades diárias, extubação, traqueostomia, manejo do volume residual gástrico e episódios de diarreia. Conclusão: o método favoreceu a construção coletiva do pacote de medidas e sua implementação, valorizando cada categoria profissional na adequada nutrição de adultos em estado crítico.
Nas entrelinhas da pesquisa em Psicologia da Educação Matemática e a formação inicial de professores
Authors: Ciríaco Klinger Teodoro , Faustino Ana Carolina , Almeida Cíntia Raquel Ferreira Mercado de , Santino Fernando Schlindwein
Published: March 2020

O artigo objetiva discutir contribuições da pesquisa em Psicologia da Educação Matemática e suas potencialidades quando esta tem como foco a formação inicial de professores dos anos iniciais. Para tanto, apresentaremos as ações que estão sendo desenvolvidas no projeto de pesquisa "Implicações da prática investigativa na mudança de atitude e crença de autoeficácia em relação à Matemática no curso de Pedagogia". A primeira ação, consiste no mapeamento de teses e dissertações que correlacionem o conceito de "atitude" com a formação de professores. A segunda, pretende compreender em que medida a pesquisa de trabalho de conclusão de curso (TCC) contribui para a constituição da identidade de professoras em seus primeiros anos de docência. Centrada em uma abordagem qualitativa, a produção de dados se deu no contexto de dois planos de trabalho do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação Científica (PIBIC/CNPq/UFMS). Os resultados deste estudo trazem indícios de que há poucos estudos em Psicologia da Educação que tenham como foco o conceito de atitude e formação de professores. Também há indícios da contribuição do desenvolvimento do TCC na área de Educação Matemática para ampliação do repertório didático-pedagógico, como também para a superação das dificuldades decorrentes dos ritos de iniciação.
Activity- and Occupation-Based Interventions to Support Mental Health, Positive Behavior, and Social Participation for Children and Youth: A Systematic Review
Authors: Cahill Susan M. , Egan Brad E. , Seber Joanna
Published: March 2020

Importance: Children and youth are often challenged to maintain well-being, positive behavior, and social participation.

Objective: To identify evidence for occupational therapy interventions for children and youth with and at risk for mental health concerns.

Data Sources: Articles published in English-language peer-reviewed journals between January 2010 and March 2017 identified through searches of MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, ERIC, OTseeker, and Cochrane databases.

Study Selection and Data Collection: The methodology in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses was used to complete the review. Of 5,310 articles screened by title and abstract, 357 were retrieved for full-text review, and 62 met inclusion criteria. Articles describing interventions that were activity or occupation based were included. Conference proceedings, non–peer reviewed publications, dissertations, theses, and presentations were excluded.

Findings: Of the 62 studies included in the review, 20 (32%) were Level I studies, 22 (36%) were Level II studies, and 20 (32%) were Level III studies. Articles were categorized by type: outdoor camps, video and computer games, productive occupations and life skills, meditation, animal-assisted interventions, creative arts, play, sports, and yoga. Moderate to strong evidence supports the use of yoga and sports. Moderate-strength evidence supports the use of play and creative arts. Evidence for the use of animal-assisted interventions, meditation, video and computer games, and productive occupations was of low strength.

Conclusion and Relevance: Substantial evidence exists to support the use of activity- and occupation-based interventions to address the mental health, behavioral, and social participation concerns of children and youth. Occupational therapy practitioners should match the desired outcome of therapy with the appropriate intervention to provide the best and most effective services to their clients.

What This Article Adds: This review provides additional support for the use of activity- and occupation-based interventions (i.e., those that involve active participation) to improve the behavior, social participation, and mental health of children and youth.
Investigating the regional contributions to air pollution in Beijing: a dispersion modelling study using CO as a tracer
Authors: Panagi Marios , Fleming Zoë L. , Monks Paul S. , Ashfold Matthew J. , Wild Oliver , Hollaway Michael , Zhang Qiang , Squires Freya A. , Vande Hey Joshua D.
Published: March 2020

Abstract. The rapid urbanization and industrialization of northern China in recent decades has resulted in poor air quality in major cities like
Beijing. Transport of air pollution plays a key role in determining the relative influence of local emissions and regional contributions to observed
air pollution. In this paper, dispersion modelling (Numerical Atmospheric Modelling Environment, NAME model) is used with emission inventories and
in situ ground measurement data to track the pathways of air masses arriving in Beijing. The percentage of time the air masses spent over specific
regions during their travel to Beijing is used to assess the effects of regional meteorology on carbon monoxide (CO), a good tracer of
anthropogenic emissions. The NAME model is used with the MEIC (Multi-resolution Emission Inventory for China) emission inventories to determine the
amount of pollution that is transported to Beijing from the immediate surrounding areas and regions further away. This approach captures the
magnitude and variability of CO over Beijing and reveals that CO is strongly driven by transport processes. This study provides a more
detailed understanding of relative contributions to air pollution in Beijing under different regional airflow conditions. Approximately 45 %
over a 4-year average (2013–2016) of the total CO pollution that affects Beijing is transported from other regions, and about half of this
contribution comes from beyond the Hebei and Tianjin regions that immediately surround Beijing. The industrial sector is the dominant emission
source from the surrounding regions and contributes over 20 % of the total CO in Beijing. Finally, using PM2.5 to determine
high-pollution days, three pollution classification types of pollution were identified and used to analyse the APHH winter campaign and the 4-year
period. The results can inform targeted control measures to be implemented by Beijing and the surrounding provinces to tackle air quality problems
that affect Beijing and China.
Representation of the Equatorial Stratopause Semiannual Oscillation in Global Atmospheric Reanalyses
Authors: Kawatani Yoshio , Hirooka Toshihiko , Hamilton Kevin , Smith Anne K. , Fujiwara Masatomo
Published: March 2020

Abstract. This paper reports on a project to compare the representation of the semiannual oscillation (SAO) in the equatorial stratosphere and lower mesosphere among six major global atmospheric reanalysis datasets and with recent satellite SABER and MLS observations. All reanalyses have a good representation of the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) in the equatorial lower and middle stratosphere and each displays a clear SAO centered near the stratopause. However, the differences among reanalyses are much more substantial in the SAO region than in the QBO dominated region. The degree of disagreement among the reanalyses is characterized by the standard deviation (SD) of the monthly-mean zonal wind and temperature; this depends on latitude, longitude, height, and time. The zonal wind SD displays a prominent equatorial maximum that increases with height, while the temperature SD is minimum near the equator and largest in the polar regions. Along the equator the zonal wind SD is smallest around the longitude of Singapore where consistently high-quality near-equatorial radiosonde observations are available. Interestingly the near-Singapore minimum in SD is evident to at least ~ 3 hPa, i.e. considerably higher than the usual ~ 10 hPa ceiling for in situ radiosonde observations. Our measurement of the agreement among the reanalyses shows systematic improvement over the period considered (1980–2016), up to near the stratopause. Characteristics of the SAO at 1 hPa, such as its detailed time variation and the displacement off the equator of the zonal wind SAO amplitude maximum, differ significantly among the reanalyses. Disagreement among the reanalyses becomes still greater above 1 hPa. One of the reanalyses in our study also has a version produced without assimilating satellite observations and a comparison of the SAO in these two versions demonstrates the very great importance of satellite derived temperatures in the realistic analysis of the tropical upper stratospheric circulation.
Electron heating by HF pumping of high-latitude ionospheric F-region plasma near magnetic zenith
Authors: Leyser Thomas B. , Gustavsson Björn , Rexer Theresa , Rietveld Michael T.
Published: March 2020

Abstract. High-frequency electromagnetic pumping of ionospheric F-region plasma at high and mid latitudes gives
the strongest plasma response in magnetic zenith,
antiparallel to the geomagnetic field in the Northern Hemisphere.
This has been observed in optical emissions from
the pumped plasma turbulence, electron temperature enhancements,
filamentary magnetic field-aligned plasma density irregularities,
and in self-focusing of the pump beam in magnetic zenith.
We present results of EISCAT (European Incoherent SCATter association) Heating-induced magnetic-zenith effects
observed with the EISCAT UHF incoherent scatter radar.
With heating transmitting a left-handed circularly polarized pump beam towards
magnetic zenith, the UHF radar was scanned in elevation in steps of 1.0 and 1.5∘
around magnetic zenith.
The electron energy equation was integrated to model the electron temperature and associated electron heating rate and
optimized to fit the plasma parameter values measured with the radar.
The experimental and modelling results are consistent with pump wave propagation in the L mode in magnetic zenith,
rather than in the O mode.
Contrasting conifer species productivity in relation to soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry of British Columbia perhumid rainforests
Authors: Kranabetter John Marty , Sholinder Ariana , de Montigny Louise
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Temperate rainforest soils of the Pacific Northwest are often carbon (C)
rich and encompass a wide range of fertility, reflecting varying nitrogen (N)
and phosphorus (P) availability. Soil resource stoichiometry (C : N : P) may
provide an effective measure of site nutrient status and help refine
species-dependent patterns in forest productivity across edaphic gradients.
We determined mineral soil and forest floor nutrient concentrations across
very wet (perhumid) rainforest sites of southwestern Vancouver Island
(Canada) and employed soil element ratios as covariates in a long-term
planting density trial to test their utility in defining basal area growth
response of four conifer species. There were strong positive correlations in
mineral soil C, N, and organic P (Po) concentrations and close
alignment in C : N and C : Po both among and between substrates. Stand
basal area after 5 decades was best reflected by mineral soil and forest
floor C : N, but in either case included a significant species–soil
interaction. The conifers with ectomycorrhizal fungi had diverging growth
responses displaying either competitive (Picea sitchensis) or stress-tolerant (Tsuga heterophylla,
Pseudotsuga menziesii) attributes, in contrast to a more generalist response by an arbuscular
mycorrhizal tree (Thuja plicata). Despite the consistent patterns in organic matter
quality, we found no evidence for increased foliar P concentrations with
declining element ratios (C : Po or C : Ptotal) as we did for N. The
often high C : Po ratios (as much as 3000) of these soils may reflect a
stronger immobilization sink for P than N, which, along with ongoing
sorption of PO4-, could limit the utility of C : Po or
N : Po to adequately reflect P supply. The dynamics and availability of
soil P to trees, particularly as Po, deserves greater attention, as many
perhumid rainforests were co-limited by N and P, or, in some stands,
possibly P alone.
Effects of spatial variability on the exposure of fish to hypoxia: a modeling analysis for the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: LaBone Elizabeth D. , Rose Kenneth A. , Justic Dubravko , Huang Haosheng , Wang Lixia
Published: March 2020

Abstract. The hypoxic zone in the northern Gulf of Mexico varies spatially (area, location) and temporally (onset, duration) on multiple scales. Exposure to hypoxic dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations (
Decoupling silicate weathering from primary productivity – how
ecosystems regulate nutrient uptake along a climate and vegetation
gradient
Authors: Oeser Ralf A. , von Blanckenburg Friedhelm
Published: March 2020

Abstract. In addition to the supply of primary minerals and water flow the presence and growth of land plants are thought to drive rock weathering. While doubtlessly plants and their associated below-ground microbiota possess the tools for considerable weathering work, the quantitative evaluation of their impact relative to the common abiogenic weathering processes remains poorly known. Here we report on a strategy to decipher the relative impact of these two drivers. We did so by quantifying weathering rates and nutrient uptake along the EarthShape transect in the Chilean Coastal Cordillera where landscapes are subjected to a substantial north to south gradient in precipitation and vegetation growth, whereas rock type is granitoid throughout and tectonic process rates do not differ much along the gradient. We quantified the bio-available fraction of nutritive elements in regolith and we measured 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratios in the different compartments of the Earth’s Critical Zone (bedrock, regolith, bio-available fraction in saprolite and soil, and vegetation) to identify the sources of mineral nutrients to plants. We thereby budgeted inventories, gains, and losses of nutritive elements in and out of these ecosystems, and quantified mineral nutrient recycling. We found that the weathering rates do not increase with precipitation from north to south along the climate gradient. Instead, the simultaneous increase in biomass growth rate is accommodated by faster nutrient recycling. The absence of an increase in weathering rate in spite of a five-fold increase in precipitation leads us to hypothesize that the presence of plants can negatively impact weathering through inducing secondary-mineral formation and by fostering a microbial community that is adapted for nutrient-recycling rather than nutrient-acquisition through weathering.
Methodological and physical biases in global to subcontinental borehole temperature reconstructions: an assessment from a pseudo-proxy perspective
Authors: Melo-Aguilar Camilo , González-Rouco J. Fidel , García-Bustamante Elena , Steinert Norman , Jungclaus Johann H. , Navarro Jorge , Roldán-Gómez Pedro J.
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Borehole-based reconstruction is a well-established technique to recover information of the past climate variability based on two main hypotheses: (1) past ground surface temperature (GST) histories can be recovered from borehole temperature profiles (BTPs); (2) the past GST evolution is coupled to surface air temperature (SAT) changes, and thus, past SAT changes can be recovered from BTPs. Compared to some of the last millennium (LM) proxy-based reconstructions, previous studies based on the borehole technique indicate a larger temperature increase during the last few centuries. The nature of these differences has fostered the assessment of this reconstruction technique in search of potential causes of bias. Here, we expand previous works to explore potential methodological and physical biases using pseudo-proxy experiments with the Community Earth System Model Last Millennium Ensemble (CESM-LME). A heat-conduction forward model driven by simulated surface temperature is used to generate synthetic BTPs that are then inverted using singular value decomposition. This procedure is applied to the set of simulations that incorporates all of the LM external forcing factors as well as those that consider the concentration of the green house gases (GHGs) and the land use land cover (LULC) changes forcings separately. The results indicate that methodological issues may impact the representation of the simulated GST at different spatial scales, with the temporal logging of the BTPs as the main sampling issue that may lead to an underestimation of the simulated GST 20th-century trends. Our analysis also shows that in the surrogate reality of the CESM-LME the GST does not fully capture the SAT warming during the industrial period, and thus, there may be a further underestimation of the past SAT changes due to physical processes. Globally, this effect is mainly influenced by the GHG forcing, whereas regionally, LULC changes and other forcings factors also contribute. These findings suggest that despite the larger temperature increase suggested by the borehole estimations during the last few centuries of the LM relative to some other proxy reconstructions, both the methodological and physical biases would result in a underestimation of the 20th-century warming.