bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation on longitudinal mode selection in O-type HPM devices
Authors: Zhang Jun  , Zhong Hui-Huang  ,   国防科技大学光电科学与工程学院，长沙  410073
Published: December 2020

The reason of the emergence of longitudinal modes in the single-mode slow-wave structure(SWS) is analyzed in terms of the transmission line theory, which proves that the occurrence of the longitudinal modes can be attributed to the unmatchi ng between the impedance of the SWS and that of its input and output ends. With the method of S-parameter, the features, such as frequency, field distributi on and the Q-factor of the longitudinal modes of TM01 mode in the over moded SWS are investigated, and the influence of the period-number of the SWS on the number, the frequency interval and the Q-factor of longitudinal modes a re analyzed. It is proposed that the introduction of a well designed resonant ca vity to O-type HPM devices can help to achieve the longitudinal mode selection a nd reduce the period-number of the SWS, which not only can make the devices more compact, but also can avoid the destructive competition between various longitu dinal modes, therefore can enhance the efficiency and stabilize the frequency.
Simulation of two-dimensional thin film growth by modified DLA method
Authors: Xie Guo-Feng  , Wang De-Wu  , Ying Chun-Tong  ,   清华大学工程物理系，北京  100084
Published: December 2020

The two_dimensional thin film growth is simulated by modified diffusion_Limited_ aggregation method. The thin film morphologies such as fractal growth and dense growth are obtained by changing the parameters DT,DC an d ＤＶ. The number and the size of clusters changing with coverage are analyzed. The re sults are consistent with the experimental results.
New exact soliton-like solution for a generalized stochastic KdV equation
Authors: Wei Cai-Min  , Xia Zun-Quan  , Tian Nai-Shuo  ,   (1)大连理工大学应用数学系，大连  116024; (2)燕山大学理学院，秦皇岛  066004
Published: December 2020

By using Hermite transformation, the Wick-type generalized stochastic KdV equation is studied. And the new explicit exact solution is shown via the special truncation expansion method and Hermite transformation.
Trial equation method and its applications to nonlinear evolution equations
Authors: Liu Cheng-Shi  ,   大庆石油学院数学系，大庆  163318
Published: December 2020

A new method, that is, trial equation method, was given to obtain the exact trav eling wave solutions for nonlinear evolution equations. As an example, a class o f fifth-order nonlinear evolution equations was discussed. Its exact traveling w ave solutions, which included rational form solutions, solitary wave solutions, triangle function periodic solutions, polynomial type Jacobian elliptic function periodic solutions and fractional type Jacobian elliptic function periodic solu tions, were given.
Chaotic time series forecasting using online least squares support vector machine regression
Authors: Ye Mei-Ying  , Wang Xiao-Dong  , Zhang Hao-Ran  ,   (1)浙江师范大学数理学院,金华  321004; (2)浙江师范大学信息科学与工程学院,金华  321004
Published: December 2020

A chaotic time series forecasting method based on online least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) regression is proposed. The difference between the online LS-SVM and offline support vector machine (SVM) is that the online LS-SVM is still effective for the chaotic system with a variation of the system parameter. Four chaotic time series, namely, Chen's system, Rssler system, Hénon map an d chaotic electroencephalogram (EEG) signal, are used to evaluate the performanc e. The results verify the ability of the method in chaotic time series predictio n.
Theoretical calculation of wavelengths and transition probabilities for magnesium-like CuⅩⅧ
Authors: Mu Zhi-Dong  , Wei Qi-Ying  ,   中国矿业大学理学院，徐州  221008
Published: December 2020

The energy levels of magnesium_like ion Cu ⅩⅧ in n=3complex configurations are computed by multi_configuration Hartree_Fock with relativistic corrections (HFR) method.The Slater parameters are optimized with the least_square_fit(LSF) technique based on the available experimental data.With these new parameters, th e wavelengths,oscillator strengths and transition probabilities for transitions 3s2—3s3p,3s3p—3p2,3p2—3p3d,3s3d—3p3d,3p3d— 3d2 in n=3complex configurations for magnesium_like Cu Ⅹ Ⅷ are predicted.
Cross-phase modulational sideband instability in wavelength-division-multiplexing system with periodic lumped amplifiers
Authors: Li Qi-Liang  , Zhu Hai-Dong  , Li Yuan-Min  , Tang Xiang-Hong  , Lin Li-Bin  ,   (1)杭州电子科技大学通信学院，杭州  310018; (2)杭州电子科技大学通信学院，杭州  310018;四川大学物理科学与技术学院，成都  610064; (3)四川大学物理科学与技术学院，成都  610064
Published: December 2020

Periodically spaced amplifiers along a transoceanic fiber links provide the phas e_matching condition for four_wave_mixing because of Kerr nonlinearity. Both ana lytic method and numerical method are used to study the cross_phase modulational sideband instability in fiber links with periodical lump amplifiers. In the ana lytic method, the gain of sideband instability is obtained. In the numerical met hod, by use of split_step Fourier transform method, the frequency spectra of out put optical pulses are obtained in normal and anomalous fiber links, and there a re sidebands in the spectrum configuration. By comparison of the results from tw o the methods, they are constant with each other.
Kondo effect in the quantum dot embedded in the Aharonov-Bohm ring
Authors: Wu Shao-Quan  , Sun Wei-Li  , Yu Wan-Lun  , Wang Shun-Jin  ,   (1)成都信息工程学院,成都  610030; (2)四川大学物理系,成都  610034; (3)四川师范大学物理系,成都  610068
Published: December 2020

The properties of the ground state of a closed dot-ring system with a magnetic flux in the Kondo regime are studied theoretically by means of a one-impurity Anderson Hamiltonian. The Hamiltonian is solved by means of the Slave-Boson mean-field theory. It is shown that at T＝０, a suppressed Kondo effect exists in this system even when the mean level spacing of electrons in the ring is larger than the bulk Kondo temperature; the physical quantities of this system depend sensitively on both the parity of the system and the size of the ring; the rich physical behaviors of this system can attribute to the coexistence of both the f inite-size effect and the Kondo screening effect in this system. It is also poss ible to detect the Kondo screening cloud by measuring the persistent current or the zero_field impurity susceptibility χimp directly in future exp eriments.
NIP a-Si:H solar cells on stanless steel with p-type nc-Si:H window layer
Authors: Hu Zhi-Hua  , Liao Xian-Bo  , Diao Hong-Wei  , Xia Chao-Feng  , Zeng Xiang-Bo  , Hao Hui-Ying  , Kong Guang-Lin  ,   (1)云南师范大学能源与环境科学学院,云南师范大学太阳能研究所,昆明  650092; (2)中国科学院半导体研究所,北京  100083; (3)中国科学院半导体研究所,北京  100083;云南师范大学能源与环境科学学院,云南师范大学太阳能研究所,昆明  650092
Published: December 2020

The successful application of boron_doped hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon a s window layer in a-Si∶H nip solar cells on stainless steel foil with a thickne ss of 005mm is reported. Open circuit voltage and fill factor of the fabricate d solar cell were 090V and 070 respectively. The optical and structural prop erties of the p-layers have been investigated by using UV-VIS and Raman spectros copy. It is confirmed that the p-layer is hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon w ith a wide optical gap due to quantum size effect.
A note on the exponent of dynamical cross-correlation factor
Authors: Wu Lian-Wen  , Cheng Qian-Sheng  ,   北京大学数学科学学院和数学与应用数学实验室，北京  100871
Published: December 2020

Tthis paper argues with a counter example that the exponent of dynamical cross-correlation factor used in a paper published in Acta Phys. Sin. vol 52,p2114 is ill defined and gives the correct definition.
CuZr-based bulk metallic glasses with good glass-forming ability prepared by Al addition
Authors: Yu Peng  , Bai Hai-Yang  , Tang Mei-Bo  , Wang Wan-Lu  , Wang Wei-Hua  ,   (1)中国科学院物理研究所,北京  100080; (2)重庆大学数理学院应用物理系,重庆  400044; (3)重庆大学数理学院应用物理系,重庆  400044;中国科学院物理研究所,北京  100080
Published: December 2020

Based on the fabrication of CuZr binary bulk metallic glass(BMG), we have produced a series of CuZr-based BMGs prepared by Al addition using a copper mold casting method. CuZr-based BMGs with good glass-forming ability (GFA) have a broad g lass-forming composition range. When Al content changes from 4% to 8%, CuZr-bas ed BMGs can be produced in cylindrical rods with a diameter of at least 5mm. The physical reason of the good GFA in the alloys is analyzed. CuZr-based BMGs have a simple structure and are lower cost, so it is very possible to have potential application. At the same time, the way that we explored the CuZr-based BMGs is an effective route for designing and obtaining new multicomponent BMGs.
The effects of both length and tube-diameter on the conductance of single-walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Tang Na-Si  , Yan Xiao-Hong  , Ding Jian-Wen  ,   湘潭大学材料与光电物理学院,湘潭  411105
Published: December 2020

Based on the tight-binding model, we develop a transfer-matrix method to study the electronic conductance of single-walled carbon nanotubes. It is found that there exists a narrow conductance gap in metallic zigzag nanotubes corresponding to the curvature-induced energy gap. In addition, the conductance near the Fermi level depends on both the diameter and the length of the carbon nanotube. Moreover, ballistic, diffused or classical transport may be found in carbon nanotubes with variation of energy.
Electron transport in multi-terminal quantum chain systems based on the Green’s functions
Authors: Dai Zhen-Hong  , Ni Jun  ,   (1)清华大学物理系，北京  100084; (2)清华大学物理系，北京  100084;烟台大学物理系，烟台  264005
Published: December 2020

We have introduced a method for the calculation of electron transport in a multi-terminal quantum system based on the recursive Green's function technique. The corresponding transport equation is presented by scattering matrix, which is exp ressed by Green's function. Using this method, the multi-terminal device can be simplified as a standard two-terminal device, which is convenient in treating th e mesoscopic device. It is found that the transmission and reflection probabilit ies of the two multi-terminal quantum systems show complex spectra. The results show that the special node can destroy the symmetrical conductance spectra, and there is a new conductance peak in the low-energy region. This method can also b e applied to the study of electron transport of complex mesoscopic structures.
Two magnetoresistance phenomena in perovskite manganite of La1－xTexMnO3(x=0.04, 0.1)
Authors: Tan Guo-Tai  , Chen Zheng-Hao  , Zhang Xiao-Zhong  ,   (1)清华大学材料科学与工程系,北京  100084; (2)中国科学院物理研究所，北京  100080
Published: December 2020

The colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) effect and the low-field magnetoresistance (LFMR) of the electron-doped manganites La1-xTexMnO3 (x=0 04, 01) have been observed. The experimental results showed that LFMR of the samples varied with the increase of temperature from 5 to 300 K as follows: app earing-disappearing-appearing again. Furthermore, the samples exhibited large CM R in the temperature regime where the LFMR disappear. These related results have been analyzed.
Spin reorientation and M?ssbauer effect studies on Tb0.3Dy0.7(Fe1－xAlx)1.95 alloys
Authors: Zheng Xiao-Ping  , Zhang Pei-Feng  , Fan Duo-Wang  , Li Fa-Shen  , Cheng Zhao-Hua  , Shen Bao-Gen  ,   (1)兰州大学磁学与磁性材料教育部重点实验室，兰州  730000; (2)兰州交通大学光电技术与智能控制教育部重点实验室，兰州  730070; (3)兰州师范高等专科学院，兰州  730070;兰州交通大学光电技术与智能控制教育部重点实验室，兰州  730070; (4)中国科学院物理研究所磁学国家重点实验室，北京  100080
Published: December 2020

The effect of Al substitution for Fe on the spin reorientation and Mssbauer spectra of a series of Tb03Dy07(Fe1-xAlx)195 alloys (x=005，01，015，020，025，030，035) at room temperature and 77K has been investigated systematically. The results indicate that the easy magnetization direction in the {100} plane deviates slightly from the main axis of symmetry, namely spin rerioentation. A small amount of non_magnetic phase exists for x=015, and the alloys become paramagnetism when x>015 at room temperture, but at 77K the alloys still remain to be magnetic phase even at x=02. At room temperature and 77K, the hyperfine field decreases and the isomer shift increases with increasing concentration of Al, and the quaduple splitting QS shows weak concentration dependence.
Learning speed and detection sensitivity controlled by distinct cortico-fugal neurons in visual cortex
Authors: Ruediger Sarah , Scanziani Massimo
Published: December 2020

Vertebrates can change their behavior upon detection of visual stimuli according to the outcome their actions produce. Such goal-directed behavior involves evolutionary conserved brain structures like the striatum and optic tectum, which receive ascending visual input from the periphery. In mammals, however, these structures also receive descending visual input from visual cortex (VC), via neurons that give rise to cortico-fugal projections. The function of cortico-fugal neurons in visually guided, goal-directed behavior remains unclear. Here, we address the impact of two populations of cortico-fugal neurons in mouse VC in the learning and performance of a visual detection task. We show that the ablation of striatal projecting neurons reduces learning speed, whereas the ablation of superior colliculus projecting neurons does not impact learning but reduces detection sensitivity. This functional dissociation between distinct cortico-fugal neurons in controlling learning speed and detection sensitivity suggests an adaptive contribution of cortico-fugal pathways even in simple goal-directed behavior.
Gene regulation gravitates toward either addition or multiplication when combining the effects of two signals
Authors: Sanford Eric M , Emert Benjamin L , Coté Allison , Raj Arjun
Published: December 2020

Two different cell signals often affect transcription of the same gene. In such cases, it is natural to ask how the combined transcriptional response compares to the individual responses. The most commonly used mechanistic models predict additive or multiplicative combined responses, but a systematic genome-wide evaluation of these predictions is not available. Here, we analyzed the transcriptional response of human MCF-7 cells to retinoic acid and TGF-β, applied individually and in combination. The combined transcriptional responses of induced genes exhibited a range of behaviors, but clearly favored both additive and multiplicative outcomes. We performed paired chromatin accessibility measurements and found that increases in accessibility were largely additive. There was some association between super-additivity of accessibility and multiplicative or super-multiplicative combined transcriptional responses, while sub-additivity of accessibility associated with additive transcriptional responses. Our findings suggest that mechanistic models of combined transcriptional regulation must be able to reproduce a range of behaviors.
The nucleus serves as the pacemaker for the cell cycle
Authors: Afanzar Oshri , Buss Garrison K , Stearns Tim , Ferrell James E
Published: December 2020

Mitosis is a dramatic process that affects all parts of the cell. It is driven by an oscillator whose various components are localized in the nucleus, centrosome, and cytoplasm. In principle, the cellular location with the fastest intrinsic rhythm should act as a pacemaker for the process. Here we traced the waves of tubulin polymerization and depolymerization that occur at mitotic entry and exit in Xenopus egg extracts back to their origins. We found that mitosis was commonly initiated at sperm-derived nuclei and their accompanying centrosomes. The cell cycle was ~20% faster at these initiation points than in the slowest regions of the extract. Nuclei produced from phage DNA, which did not possess centrosomes, also acted as trigger wave sources, but purified centrosomes in the absence of nuclei did not. We conclude that the nucleus accelerates mitotic entry and propose that it acts as a pacemaker for cell cycle.
Cohesin mutations are synthetic lethal with stimulation of WNT signaling
Authors: Chin Chue Vin , Antony Jisha , Ketharnathan Sarada , Labudina Anastasia , Gimenez Gregory , Parsons Kate M , He Jinshu , George Amee J , Pallotta Maria Michela , Musio Antonio , Braithwaite Antony , Guilford Parry , Hannan Ross D , Horsfield Julia A
Published: December 2020

Mutations in genes encoding subunits of the cohesin complex are common in several cancers, but may also expose druggable vulnerabilities. We generated isogenic MCF10A cell lines with deletion mutations of genes encoding cohesin subunits SMC3, RAD21, and STAG2 and screened for synthetic lethality with 3009 FDA-approved compounds. The screen identified several compounds that interfere with transcription, DNA damage repair and the cell cycle. Unexpectedly, one of the top ‘hits’ was a GSK3 inhibitor, an agonist of Wnt signaling. We show that sensitivity to GSK3 inhibition is likely due to stabilization of β-catenin in cohesin-mutant cells, and that Wnt-responsive gene expression is highly sensitized in STAG2-mutant CMK leukemia cells. Moreover, Wnt activity is enhanced in zebrafish mutant for cohesin subunits stag2b and rad21. Our results suggest that cohesin mutations could progress oncogenesis by enhancing Wnt signaling, and that targeting the Wnt pathway may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for cohesin-mutant cancers.
Exploring Racial Disproportionalities and Disparities for Black Families Involved with the Child Welfare System
Authors: Edwards Travonne , Hussain Amina , Sato Christa , King Jason , Saini Michael , King Bryn
Published: December 2020

Background: The overrepresentation of Black families in child welfare systems across the various geographical locations (e.g. America, Canada, United Kingdom) is a growing concern. There are competing explanations for the causes of overrepresentation and recommendations for eliminating racial disproportionalities and disparities in child welfare system. This systemic scoping review will provide a succinct synthesis of the current literature on Black disproportionality and disparity in child welfare.

Methods/Design: This systemic scoping review will employ Arksey and O’Malley’s (2005) five stage framework. This will direct our search of the seven academic databases (EBSCO: Criminal Justice Abstracts OVID: Social Work Abstracts Pro Quest: PsychINFO, ERIC, Sociological Abstracts, International Bibliography of Social Sciences and Web of Science Core Collections). These seven databases have been chosen due to their interdisciplinary resources on the issue of overrepresentation of Black families in the child welfare sector. The thematic findings will be systemically synthesized using qualitative analysis and presented visually through a chart. Eligible articles for this scoping review include literature that speaks directly to the experiences of Black families involved with the child welfare system. The results of this scoping review will increase the understanding of how racial disproportionalities and disparities emerge, common outcomes and ways to begin tackling this phenomenon for Black families.

Discussion: In order to tackle this gap in knowledge regarding the overrepresentation of Black families in the child welfare system, this comprehensive scoping review will systematically organize the literature in order to understand how this issue manifests and to fill this gap in research. This methodological approach will allow for the development of practical and intentional methods to move forward in mitigating this issue.
Meditsiiniline alkeemia 19. sajandil: elektrohomöopaatia teoreetilised ja praktilised lähtekohad
Authors:   Pallas University of Applied Sciences, Estonia, Konsa Kurmo ,   University of Tartu, Estonia
Published: December 2020

Medical alchemy emerged within the Western alchemical tradition in the 13th–14th centuries. However, well-established medical alchemy can be considered the iatrochemistry of the 16th century. In this article, I focus on the continuation of the alchemical tradition in the second half of the 19th century, using the electrohomeopathy created by Cesare Mattei as an example. Electrohomeopathy, also known as Mattei’s treatment of cancer or Matteism, is a form of homeopathy developed by Count Cesare Mattei (1809–1896) in the second half of the 19th century. Because the drugs invented by Mattei had such strength and rate of action that allowed them to be compared to electric current, he called the method electrohomeopathy. They had no other connection to electricity. It is important to emphasize this again, as later interpretations and explanations of electrohomeopathy link the effects of drugs to plant electricity or bioenergy (Odyle energy, organ energy, prana). Electrohomeopathy created by Mattei is based on homeopathy, but he thought it was in need of further development. In his electrohomoeopathy he saw a great reformation of homoeopathy. Mattei acknowledged Hahnemann’s similarity principle while criticizing his doctrine because it used, as he said, only remedies that were not combined and only addressed the symptoms. Like complex homoeopaths he thought that the use of single remedies was a mistake that held back the development of homoeopathy. Mattei relied on both homeopathy and an earlier alchemical tradition in creating the treatment system. At the same time, he took over the ideas of contemporary science and integrated them into his treatment system. Electrohomeopathy is a further development of iatrochemistry, clearly based on the science of its time, and has nothing mystical or occult in it. Electrohomeopathy is very well characterized by the fact that alchemical practices and theories changed over time and adapted to changed contexts. According to its developer, this is an empirical treatment system, which says that the first step is to test the effects of drugs and to establish a theory on that basis. Modern electrohomeopathy is characterized by an abundance of drugs used and the introduction of mystical explanations.
Model for Considering the Propensity of Students to Accept M-learning
Authors: Milošević Isidora , Rakić Ana , Arsić Sanela , Stojanović Anđelka , Nikolić Ivica , Đorđević Predrag
Published: December 2020

Research question: The aim of the study is to examine the inclination of engineering students in Serbia to adopt M-learning. Motivation: Mobile technologies provide new solutions in the current concept of learning. Students today have a new approach to learning since they live in the era of digital technology. The use of mobile technology in higher education came along with the technological enlightenment of professors and students, eradicating geographical boundaries and enabling cooperative learning. Idea: Mobile learning (M-learning) is unthinkable without the use of mobile devices and it plays an increasingly important role in the development of teaching methods in higher education. The research refers to the analysis and assessment of M-learning in higher education with the aim to identify problems and weaknesses related to the application of M-learning in order to set alternatives and criteria for the proposed model. Data: The survey was conducted through a questionnaire, and 341 correctly filled out questionnaires were collected. The obtained data were processed by the Visual Promethee software package. Tools: The research methodology was based on the Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) method which was used in the form of PROMETHEE II/GAIA technique. In order to rank the student programmes from different study areas, groups of questions were used as criteria, and study programmes were used as alternatives. Findings: The acquired results indicated that M-learning was mostly used by the students of Engineering Management, since they frequently used mobile technology in certain required courses, as well as for obligatory business practice. It was also concluded that the study programme Metallurgical Engineering had the lowest performance concerning the implementation of M-learning among all other observed study programmes. Contribution: The conclusions of this study can add to the awareness-raising of the higher education institutions' interested parties and alert them to improve the quality of M-education by pointing out that there are differences in the adoption of M-learning depending on the type of engineering sciences.
Financing and Success/Performance of Small Businesses in Serbia
Authors: Stoiljković Aleksandra , Marić Slobodan
Published: December 2020

Financing represents a general problem for small enterprises with numerous constraints. Defining the problem of research will eliminate the answer to the following research question: Does the financing of small enterprises, based on the volume and structure, determine business performance, i.e., success? As well as the overall problem orientation of this research, motivation is related to the analysis of business performance, i.e., success of small enterprises in relation to the nature of financing small businesses. It has to be defined 'The idea is to identify and define the role of financing as a factor of competitiveness and performance in small business operations, as the general objective of the paper. Lack of financial resources is one of the most common causes of failure of small enterprises. The main hypothesis is: There is a significant correlation between the volume and structure of sources of financing and the performance of small enterprises. Data: Secondary data from the reference databases (Serbian Business Registers Agency) for 2018, which include 150 cases, serve as the relevant basis for the realization of the research within the adequately set area of the research. Tools will be used to study the relationship, i.e., connectivity of selected research variables based on regression analysis in the frame of parametric quantitative procedures. Business performance variables, measured by indicators of profit and revenue growth, with variables of volume and structure of financing as is equity and % of equity as a structure; measures like time in business, total revenue, total number of employees, represent the size and age of business. Findings point to the conclusion that the volume of financing as well as the participation of own capital contribute to the business performance of small enterprises, which is measured by the most relevant variables in terms of profit and total revenue. Contribution: Based on the facts presented, we can say that all research assumptions have been confirmed, and the presented research results are significant and representative for future managerial practice of small businesses. The key contribution of this research is identification of an optimal financing structure for business performance of small enterprises.
Application of deep autoencoder as an one-class classifier for unsupervised network intrusion detection: a comparative evaluation
Authors: Vaiyapuri Thavavel , Binbusayyis Adel
Published: December 2020

The ever-increasing use of internet has opened a new avenue for cybercriminals, alarming the online businesses and organization to stay ahead of evolving thread landscape. To this end, intrusion detection system (IDS) is deemed as a promising defensive mechanism to ensure network security. Recently, deep learning has gained ground in the field of intrusion detection but majority of progress has been witnessed on supervised learning which requires adequate labeled data for training. In real practice, labeling the high volume of network traffic is laborious and error prone. Intuitively, unsupervised deep learning approaches has received gaining momentum. Specifically, the advances in deep learning has endowed autoencoder (AE) with greater ability for data reconstruction to learn the robust feature representation from massive amount of data. Notwithstanding, there is no study that evaluates the potential of different AE variants as one-class classifier for intrusion detection. This study fills this gap of knowledge presenting a comparative evaluation of different AE variants for one-class unsupervised intrusion detection. For this research, the evaluation includes five different variants of AE such as Stacked AE, Sparse AE, Denoising AE, Contractive AE and Convolutional AE. Further, the study intents to conduct a fair comparison establishing a unified network configuration and training scheme for all variants over the common benchmark datasets, NSL-KDD and UNSW-NB15. The comparative evaluation study provides a valuable insight on how different AE variants can be used as one-class classifier to build an effective unsupervised IDS. The outcome of this study will be of great interest to the network security community as it provides a promising path for building effective IDS based on deep learning approaches alleviating the need for adequate and diverse intrusion network traffic behavior.
Association between parenting and non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents in Yunnan, China: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Liu Yi , Xiao Yuanyuan , Ran Hailiang , He Xingting , Jiang Linling , Wang TianLan , Yang Run-xu , Xu Xiufeng , Yang Guangya , Lu Jin
Published: December 2020

Background

Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among adolescents is prevalent and its rate has increased in recent years worldwide. Previous studies had investigated the association between parenting and childhood NSSI, but little is known about the relationship between parental rearing and repetition and severity of NSSI. The aim of this study was to investigate associations of parenting with NSSI and its repetition and severity in a representative adolescent sample from southwestern China.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, a sample of 2,705 adolescents (F/M: 1,245/1,460; mean age: 13.4 ± 2.2 years) was recruited from 14 randomly selected schools in Lincang municipality, Yunnan province, China. A self-report questionnaire was used to collect data. The Adolescent Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Function Assessment Scale and the short Chinese Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran (s-EMBU-C) were used to evaluate NSSI behaviors and parenting style, respectively. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were adopted to examine association between parenting and NSSI.

Results

Overall lifetime prevalence of NSSI was 47.1% (95% CI [36.2–58.0]), with self-cutting being the most common form (23.5% (95% CI [19.3–27.7])), followed by hitting hard objects (23.4% (95% CI [20.2–26.7])) and pulling hairs (20.9% (95% CI [18.8–22.6])). In multiple logistic regression analyses, NSSI was positively associated with high level of father’s rejection (OR: 1.32 (95% CI [1.01–1.72])), high level of mother’s rejection (OR: 1.76 (95% CI [1.46–2.13])), low level of mother’s emotional warmth (OR: 1.42 (95% CI [1.15–1.75])), and high level of mother’s overprotection (OR: 1.74 (95% CI [1.49–2.03])), repeated NSSI was positively associated with low level of father’s emotional warmth (OR: 1.39 (95% CI [1.10–1.75])) and high level of mother’s overprotection (OR: 1.79 (95% CI [1.33–2.41])), and severe NSSI was positively associated with low level of father’s emotional warmth (OR: 1.64 (95% CI [1.11–2.43])) and high level of mother’s rejection (OR: 2.16 (95% CI [1.71–2.71])).

Conclusion

NSSI is common among adolescents in southwestern China. Negative parenting styles are associated with NSSI, repeated NSSI, and severe NSSI. The development of intervention measures for preventing or reducing NSSI among Chinese adolescents in school settings should consider parenting styles.
Self-reports vs. physical measures of spinal stiffness
Authors: Nielsen Jonas , Glissmann Nim Casper , O’Neill Søren , Boyle Eleanor , Hartvigsen Jan , Kawchuk Gregory N.
Published: December 2020

Background

Objectively measured reduction in lumbar posterior-to-anterior (PA) stiffness is associated with pain relief in some, but not all persons with low back pain. Unfortunately, these measurements can be time consuming to perform. In comparison, the Lumbar Spine Instability Questionnaire (LSIQ) is intended to measure spinal instability and the Lumbar Spine Disability Index (LSDI) is created for self-reporting functional disability due to increased spinal stiffness. Given the above, the aim of this study is to compare measures of the LSIQ and LSDI with objective measures of lumbar PA stiffness as measured by a mechanical device, Vertetrack (VT), in patients with persistent non-specific low back pain (nsLBP).

Methods

Twenty-nine patients with nsLBP completed the LSIQ and LSDI at baseline and after two weeks. On these same occasions, PA spinal stiffness was measured using the VT. Between measurements, patients received four sessions of spinal manipulation. The resulting data was analyzed to determine the correlation between the self-report and objective measures of stiffness at both time points. Further, the patients were categorized into responders and non-responders based on pre-established cut points depending on values from the VT and compared those to self-report measures in order to determine whether the LSIQ and the LSDI were sensitive to change.

Results

Twenty-nine participants completed the study. Measures from the LSIQ and LSDI correlated poorly with objectively measured lumbar PA stiffness at baseline and also with the change scores. The change in objectively measured lumbar PA stiffness following spinal manipulation did not differ between those who improved, and those who did not improve according to the pre-specified cut-points. Finally, a reduction in lumbar PA stiffness following intervention was not associated with improvement in LSIQ and LSDI outcomes.

Conclusions

The current data indicate that the LSIQ and LSDI questionnaires do not correlate with measures obtained objectively by VT. Our results suggest that these objective and self- reported measures represent different domains and as such, cannot stand in place of one another.
Innovation, Influence, and Borrowing in Mamluk-Era Legal Maxim Collections
Authors: Sheibani Mariam
Published: December 2020

Recent scholarship has emphasized the contributions of the great Maliki jurist Shihāb al-Dīn al-Qarāfī (d. 684/1285) to Islamic legal thought. However, al-Qarāfī’s compilation of legal maxims and distinctions, al-Furūq, has not yet been studied, nor has the collection of his teacher, the prominent Shafiʿi jurist Ibn ʿAbd al-Salām (d. 660/1262), known as al-Qawāʿid al-kubrā. Furthermore, the original thought of Ibn ʿAbd al-Salām and his formative influence on al-Qarāfī have been understated. This article compares their two works to demonstrate that al-Qarāfī based his collection in large part on Ibn ʿAbd al-Salām’s al-Qawāʿid and it examines the techniques that al-Qarāfī used, which included reordering, refining, and supplementing borrowed maxims, and anonymizing references to his teacher. Most salient, however, is al-Qarāfī’s “Malikization” of maxims, which entailed replacing Shafiʿi doctrines and authorities with their Maliki counterparts and deploying maxims to defend Maliki doctrines. The article concludes by explaining al-Qarāfī’s authorial choices in light of his Maliki affiliation and the politics between the legal schools in Mamluk Cairo.
An Application of Kaleidoscope Career Model among Marketing Professionals in Agribusiness Sectors
Authors: Nandhuparkavi K. , Hemalatha S. , Lavanya S. Moghana , Anandhi V.
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the study is to analyze how the KCM (Kaleidoscope Career Model- consists of Authenticity, Balance, Challenge) influence the transition in their career and also to identify the factor influencing for the job mobility. Survey data were collected through Google forms and mail from the input sectors. The Google forms send to the 260 respondents and data were collected from 110 respondents with full details. Correlation and Hierarchical regression were used to identify the factor for the job mobility. To identify the factor influencing the job mobility among the marketing professionals in input sector. In Kaleidoscopic career model, among the parameters which influence their career transition. The limitation in the study is selected particularly marketing professional in the input sector among various the various positions. Further depth analysis should be involved to identify the more factor their mobility. The organization able to understand the mindset of employees for their mobility to different organizations. It help to promote the organizations by means of providing benefits to the employees from the human resource polices and resource. Many studies had been conducted for career mobility of the employees among various sectors. However the academic research has conducted among the marketing professional in agribusiness sector. The study uses the framework of Kaleidoscope Career Model to analyze the mobility of the employees. It helps to us identify the factor for the career mobility.
Perception Practice and Existing Knowledge Level of Farmers towards Agrochemical Use in Sitakunda Upazilla of Bangladesh
Authors: Ratna Suravi Rahman , Chowdhury Kishwar Jahan , Das Sanjoy , Hoque Md. Emdadul , Mamun M. M. Abdullah Al
Published: December 2020

Aims: This study aimed to know the knowledge level and perception of the farmers regarding the use and impact of agrochemical and to find out the correlation of knowledge level and pesticide use with their age, education, farm size, number of pesticide use.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in the Chittagong District of Bangladesh in four different unions of Sitakunda Upazilla between May 2018 and June 2018.

Methodology: We surveyed 142 farmer households from nine villages of three unions, selected through multistage purposive random sampling. They were interviewed through a semi-structured questionnaire. A key informant survey was done by interviewing Upazila agriculture officers and agrochemical retailers.

Results:  No overuse of fertilizer and pesticide were found. Findings showed that 66.2% of farmers were medium knowledgeable, with 14.79% low and 19.01% high knowledgeable. Applications of obsolete pesticides were found to be used.  Farmers’ knowledge level is significantly correlated with the education level and the number of pesticide uses.

Conclusion: There was a gap between amounts of fertilizer applied than the recommended level except for gypsum. Most of them did not know the standard application rate of fertilizer and pesticide. Farmers’ knowledge level should be improved and the adoption of rational use of agrochemicals is needed through extension activity to get proper yield and to inform them of precautionary measures.
Effects of Organic Manure Source and Weeding Frequencies on Growth Parameters of Jute Mallow (Corchorus olitorious)
Authors: Olorukooba M. M. , Suleiman R. , Olukotun O. , Mohammed R. , Apene E. , Essien J. , Danbaki C. A. , Olafemi S. O.
Published: December 2020

Field trials were carried out during 2018 and during 2019 dry season periods at Federal College of Forestry and Mechanization Afaka Kaduna, located between latitude 10° 35”N and longitude 007° 21”E at altitude 644 m above sea level, to determine the effects of organic manure source and weeding frequencies on growth parameters of jute mallow (Corchorus olitorious). The experimental treatments consists of ten combinations of poultry manure + weed free, cow dung + weed free, goat dropping + weed free, poultry manure + weeding at 2 WAT, cow dung + weeding at 2 WAT, goat dropping + weeding at 2 WAT, poultry manure + weeding at 4 WAT, cow dung + weeding at 4 WAT, goat dropping + weeding at 4 WAT and  no organic manure application + no weeding which were laid out in a randomize complete block design (RCBD) and replicated 3 times The growth parameters observed  and measured were crop vigour score, plant height, shoot diameter, number of leaves and number of  primary branches. Result of the study showed that at harvest (8 WAT) all the treatments significantly affected the vigour of jute mallow crop and gave comparable score than the least observed with no nutrient + no weeding as control. The result revealed that plant growth at harvest exhibited significantly taller plant with application of poultry manure + weeding at 2 WAT. In conclusion the result obtained from the study showed that poultry manure at 4 tons /ha + weeding at 4 WAT resulted in taller plant height, wider shoot diameter, increased number of leaves, number of branches than all other treatment due to lower weed infestation, it is therefore recommended as the best treatment combination to obtained the best growth rate of jute mallow.
Soil Quality Indicators as an Assessment Tool to Maximize the Productivity of Pulse Crops
Authors: Saliha B. Bhakiyathu , Indrani R. , Priyanka C.
Published: December 2020

The present research investigation was taken up  during 2017-2019 to evaluate the properties and fertility status of soils through physical, chemical and biological indicators of soil quality in the major pulse growing regions which were classified into three categories viz., low yielding (< 400kg ha-1), medium (400 to 700 kg ha-1) and high yielding (> 700 kg ha-1). 300 samples collected from these zones were subjected to analysis and weight ages were assigned to each soil quality attribute through Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and those that explain at least 5% of the variation in the data were examined by using SPSS software. The mean percentage of water stable aggregates was the highest (51%) in high yielding soils which can be attributed to the beneficial effect of organic manure application and balanced fertilizer usage. Most of the samples in the high yielding soils were neutral to slightly alkaline (pH of 7.20 to 7.85), while that of medium and low yielding soils were  moderately alkaline and neutral to slightly alkaline respectively. However low yield category had an average cation exchange capacity of 12.2 c mol (p+) kg-1, whereas that of medium and high yield  categories recorded 21.8 and 36.9 c mol (p+) kg-1 respectively. The soils of high, medium and low yield zones recorded 282,234 and 138 kg ha-1 of available nitrogen respectively. The sulphur status in pulse growing soils revealed deficiency in 88 percent of the samples from low yielding zones which needs due attention. The overall results of the study concluded that the higher values of soil attributes such as aggregate stability, cation exchange capacity, organic carbon, available nitrogen, available potassium and extractable micronutrients corresponded well with the high yield category indicating the importance of these soil quality indicators for improving the pulse productivity in low yield zones.
Impact Assessment on Knowledge of Weather Based Agro-advisory Services among Farmers in Tiruvallur District, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Prasad S. Arul , Vijayashanthi V. A. , Manimekalai R. , Yogameenakshi P. , Pirathap P.
Published: December 2020

Weather influences the production and productivity of various crops. If farmers aware about           the real time weather factors such as temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, wind           direction and rainfall it will be the effective to prevent the crop failure and achieve high yield with better economic returns. The right weather information at right time facilitates the farmers to plan agricultural operations from selection of crops to post harvest to avoid crop losses. 382 AAS bulletins were prepared and disseminated to the farmers during 2019-2020. To study the            effect of weather based agro-advisory services, a random sample survey was conducted from 60 farmers from villages of Tiruvallur and Tiruttani block of Tiruvallur district. Results indicated that focusing illiterate farmers are much more important and dissemination of weather advisories in audio or visual format is preferable to make them to adapt weather based agricultural practices. The survey revealed that 65 per cent of farmers check weather forecast before going for spraying operation, 73 per cent for irrigation and 55 per cent for animal husbandry maintenance. Our study revealed that the farmers focus more on spraying and irrigation operation based on weather forecast. Further, awareness is to be created to realize that they should also need to follow weather forecasts from the selection of crop to post harvest in order to achieve better productivity and good income.
Characterization and Antibacterial Potential of Tithonia diversifolia Extract and Its Iron II Nanoparticles
Authors: Chebet Hellen , Kinyua Johnson , Kareru Patrick , Gitaari Njiema
Published: December 2020

Several plants worldwide have exhibited potentiality in human pathogen eradication. The aim of this work was to characterize the compounds and determine antibacterial efficiency of Tithonia diversifolia essential oils and its iron II nanoparticles. The experimental test was done against gram positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus) and gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Characterization of the compounds was done using UV-VIS and FTIR to determine the functional groups that are present. Antibacterial activity was done using disc diffusion method by Beer Lambert. The results obtained indicated that the crude extract at 0.1% v/v concentration was effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus only, while the complexed sample was significantly effective against all microbes under test at the corresponding concentration. The outcome showed comparable results to the positive controls used and therefore, the plant extract was effective against human disease causing microbes and is recommendable for use against them.
Generalized Hadamard Matrices and Generalized Hadamard Graphs
Authors: Nishadi W. V. , Perera A. A. I.
Published: December 2020

Hadamard matrices and their applications have steadily and rapidly grown during the last 2 decades. Due to that many researchers have developed various concepts on Hadamard matrices. This paper concentrates on Generalized Hadamarad matrices. In the first part of this work, some new results on construction of generalized Hadamard matrices GH(p; pn) over Cp are introduced. In the second part, graphs obtained from generalized Hadamard matrices are introduced, namely generalized Hadamard graphs. In particular, we show that the generalized Hadamard graphs are pn- regular. Our results have been illustrated by constructing pn- regular graphs for different values of p and n.
Flux Shorting Mitigation on Semiconductor BGA Device through Process Design Enhancement
Authors: Jr. Antonio R. Sumagpang , Jr. Edwin M. Graycochea , Gomez Frederick Ray I.
Published: December 2020

With the new and upcoming technologies in semiconductor industry, packages like the ball grid array (BGA) are getting more challenging to process due to inherent issues that come along. Process improvement through modification in the design of indirect material is one key direction to improve the productivity during assembly manufacturing. In this paper, an enhanced design of dipping plate is presented to solve the issue of flux shorting due to out-of-specs dipping plate at ball attach process. The study used a side by side comparison to prove that the new design  is better than that of the out-of-specs indirect material. With the new enhanced design of  dipping plate and the optimized flux depth parameter, flux shorting occurrence was successfully mitigated.