bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structural health assessment of Puente del Inca natural monument using the integration of instruments and technologies
Authors: Lannutti E. , Lenzano M.G. , Barón J. , Moragues S. , Lenzano L.
Published: March 2020

Puente del Inca is a natural monument standing over the Cuevas river in Mendoza, Argentina. The bridge currently exhibits structural deterioration due to natural and anthropic factors. This article seeks to offer a contribution to the conservation and restoration works of Puente del Inca by integrating instruments and technologies that allow the assessment of the health state of the natural bridge. The study relied on visual inspection, accretion-erosion rate measurements, hydrothermal flow characterization, ground-penetrating radar, soil dielectric sensor, Global Navigation Satellite System, laboratory testing, Structure from Motion, the Finite Element Method and ambient vibration testing. The results show that the morphology and health of the natural bridge depend on the dynamic balance between the erosion and the geobiological system intervening in the formation of the travertine constituting the natural bridge. The computational structural modeling demonstrates that there is a controversy between the benefit of irrigating the geological formation with thermal water and the loss of stability of the bridge under saturation conditions. Nevertheless, a continuous monitoring and an efficient administration of thermal water may ensure the deceleration of most of the erosive processes as well as the improvement of the geobiological system health.
Role of emergency coronary artery bypass grafting in the era of percutaneous interventions
Authors: Ramarao Venugopal , N. C. Chandana , P. K. Sunil
Published: March 2020

Background: In acute coronary syndrome, prompt restoration of myocardial blood flow is essential to optimize myocardial salvage and decrease mortality. Coronary artery reperfusion, if performed in a timely manner improves clinical outcomes compared to no reperfusion. Fibrinolysis and percutaneous interventions can restore blood flow in an acutely occluded coronary artery in most of the patients; but in a few subset of patients coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is needed to effectively restore blood flow.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted among all CABGs performed during March 2016 - February 2018. During this period, 366 CABGs were performed and 57 patients underwent emergency CABG as per the inclusion criterias. Pre-operative, intra-operative and post-operative data was analysed of these patients. Patients were divided into four groups based on the time of surgery from the time of onset of myocardial infarction.  Results: 57 patients underwent emergency CABG with males constituting 94.7% of the study population. 78.9% of them had an ejection fraction less than 35%. 52% presented with low cardiac output status, 10% needed intra-aortic balloon pump support and 15% required mechanical ventilation prior to surgery. All patients received an average of 2.8 grafts. Mortality was 5%Conclusions: Immediate surgical revascularisation of patients presenting with acute MI is feasible. Emergency CABG not only treats the culprit lesion but also achieves complete revascularization and offers a clear advantage for patients. The optimal timing of CABG for patients with acute MI remains difficult to establish.
Calculation of Derivatives in the Lp Spaces where 1 ≤ p ≤ ∞
Authors: Morozov Anatoly Nikolaevich
Published: March 2020

It is well known in functional analysis that construction of \(k\)-order derivative in Sobolev space \(W_p^k\) can be performed by spreading the \(k\)-multiple differentiation operator from the space \(C^k.\) At the same time there is a definition of \((k,p)\)-differentiability of a function at an individual point based on the corresponding order of infinitesimal difference between the function and the approximating algebraic polynomial \(k\)-th degree in the neighborhood of this point on the norm of the space \(L_p\). The purpose of this article is to study the consistency of the operator and local derivative constructions and their direct calculation. The function \(f\in L_p[I], \;p>0,\) (for \(p=\infty\), we consider measurable functions bounded on the segment \(I\) ) is called \((k; p)\)-differentiable at a point \(x \in I\;\) if there exists an algebraic polynomial of \(\;\pi\) of degree no more than \(k\) for which holds \( \Vert f-\pi \Vert_{L_p[J_h]} = o(h^{k+\frac{1}{p}}), \) where \(\;J_h=[x_0-h; x_0+h]\cap I.\) At an internal point for \(k = 1\) and \(p = \infty\) this is equivalent to the usual definition of the function differentiability. The discussed concept was investigated and applied in the works of S. N. Bernshtein [1], A. P. Calderon and A. Sigmund [2]. The author's article [3] shows that uniform \((k, p)\)-differentiability of a function on the segment \(I\) for some \(\; p\ge 1\) is equivalent to belonging the function to the space \(C^k[I]\) (existence of an equivalent function in \(C^k[I]\)). In present article, integral-difference expressions are constructed for calculating generalized local derivatives of natural order in the space \(L_1\) (hence, in the spaces \(L_p,\; 1\le p\le \infty\)), and on their basis - sequences of piecewise constant functions subordinate to uniform partitions of the segment \(I\). It is shown that for the function \( f \) from the space  \( W_p^k \) the sequence piecewise constant functions defined by integral-difference \(k\)-th order expressions converges to  \( f^{(k)} \) on the norm of the space \( L_p[I].\) The constructions are algorithmic in nature and can be applied in numerical computer research of various differential models.
O Estado brasileiro e a inclusão social das pessoas com deficiência nas relações sociais
Authors: Nishiyama Adolfo Mamoru , Nadim de Lazari Rafael José
Published: March 2020

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o papel do Estado na inclusão social das pessoas com deficiência. Para tanto, analisa-se o desenvolvimento histórico da posição estatal em relação àquele grupo vulnerável. O Estado brasileiro, por sua vez, avançou bastante no tocante à legislação protetiva das pessoas com deficiência, incorporando ao seu ordenamento jurídico a Convenção Internacional sobre os Direitos das Pessoas com Deficiência e seu Protocolo Facultativo assinados em Nova York, em 30 de março de 2007. Posteriormente, foi promulgada a Lei Brasileira de Inclusão da Pessoa com Deficiência, que promoveu desenvolvimento ainda maior na legislação brasileira. No entanto, há ainda muitas barreiras a serem vencidas para que efetivamente ocorra a inclusão social das pessoas com deficiência na sociedade brasileira. Por outro lado, as relações sociais das pessoas com deficiência são analisadas no âmbito de sua capacidade civil e os civilistas devem ter uma nova visão sobre o tema.
Por uma teoria ética do contrato
Authors: Caumont Arturo
Published: March 2020

Ancorado metodologicamente em algumas das possíveis intersecções que põe em contato a semiótica com a filologia, o artigo propõe o repensar dos contornos semânticos do contrato, tendo por premissa a fusão da eticidade à juridicidade na significação normativa do retrocitado negócio jurídico.
Introdução
Authors: Kato Danilo Seithi , Narita Felipe Ziotti
Published: March 2020

Introdução - v. 2, n. 1, 2012
Educação e cidadania: um estudo sobre John Dewey
Authors: Del Monte Silvia Cristina Soggio
Published: March 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir a relação entre educação e cidadania na obra de John Dewey (1859-1952). Um dos mais aclamados teóricos educacionais do século XX, Dewey afirma que para o desenvolvimento de uma sociedade é preciso educar seus membros para que estes possam viver em harmonia, independente da classe social ou do grupo étnico, adquirindo através do conhecimento as habilidades necessárias para tomar decisões de forma autônoma e em confluência com as necessidades do grupo em que estão inseridos. Para refletir sobre essa relação, analisaremos algumas das obras centrais de Dewey - especialmente “Democracia e Educação” (publicado originalmente em 1916) e “Experiência e Educação” (publicado originalmente em 1938) – à luz de investigações realizadas por especialistas na temática.
Estudos sobre Unidades de Conservação: um levantamento em periódicos brasileiros.
Authors: Passeri Mylena Guedes , Gomes Stéfano Bruno Vieira , Pereira Amanda Dornelas de Sousa , Gomes Matheus De Souza , Rocha Marcelo Borges , Pin José Renato de Oliveira
Published: March 2020

Unidades de Conservação são importantes espaços naturais protegidos que auxiliam na preservação dos ambientes e se destacam como locais não formais propícios para estratégias de Educação Ambiental. Neste estudo, investigou-se artigos publicados entre 2013 e 2017 em revistas brasileiras classificadas como A1 ou A2 pela CAPES, na área de ensino, visando contribuir para o entendimento do estado da arte sobre o tema. A partir do levantamento, obteve-se a amostra de dezesseis artigos. Após as análises, observou-se destaque a vínculos institucionais na esfera pública. A região Sudeste predomina em quantidade de publicações e a baixa expressividade das demais regiões é preocupante dado a importância do tema investigado e as diferentes características regionais brasileiras, que requerem estudos locais específicos que forneçam informações sobre as suas Unidades de Conservação e ajudem na gestão dessas áreas. O perfil de preferência investigativa foi o de estudantes e de moradores do entorno das unidades. Destaca-se certa carência de parcerias institucionais e da esfera privada nos estudos investigados. Considerando a urgência e relevância da preservação da biodiversidade e do ambiente como um todo, indica-se que mais estudos como este possam aprofundar o tema investigado e auxiliar na tomada de decisões que possam contribuir para a resolução das lacunas aqui apontadas.
A PESQUISA NA FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DE PROFESSORES: POSSIBILIDADES E LIMITES
Authors: Mendes Katia Mosconi
Published: March 2020

O presente artigo apresenta uma pesquisa que teve como objeto de estudo a formação continuada dos professores da educação infantil e séries iniciais do ensino fundamental da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Curitiba, que acontece no Projeto Escola & Universidade, uma parceria entre universidade e escola voltada à formação continuada de professores. Os resultados do estudo apontam que a formação continuada ainda está distante de ser um processo contínuo, em que o professor esteja envolvido não só como expectador, mas como protagonista de um processo de estudos e produção de conhecimentos em educação. Desvela-se, a partir dos depoimentos dos participantes da pesquisa, que o Projeto Escola e Universidade, dadas as circunstâncias em que se desenvolve, não supera a racionalidade técnica na orientação da ação docente e mantém a prática docente na perspectiva de reprodutora do conhecimento. A promessa da pesquisa na escola, com apoio da universidade, não avança para além de descrever de forma restrita os problemas da prática pedagógica. A escola como lócus de formação continuada e o cotidiano pedagógico como oportunidade para o desenvolvimento de pesquisa pelo professor significa transitar entre um sistema que insiste manter o ensino com base na reprodução do conhecimento e menos na possibilidade da produção de conhecimento.Palavras-chave: Escola e Universidade. Formação continuada de professores. Prática do professor. Pesquisa na formação do professor.
A ATUAÇÃO DO PSICÓLOGO JUNTO À DEFESA CIVIL NO ESTADO DE SANTA CATARINA: UMA REVISÃO
Authors: Sipriano Kezia Rodrigues , Sais Elenice De Freitas
Published: March 2020

O presente artigo fala sobre a atuação do psicólogo frente às situações de emergências e desastres. Foram utilizadas as acepções sobre emergências e desastres e atuação do psicólogo nestes casos à luz do Conselho Federal de Psicologia. Já a compreensão teórica também buscou compreender o papel da Defesa Civil e suas ações à nível nacional frente às situações de desastre e emergência e conhecer se o psicólogo encontra-se atuando junto a esta. Como resultados pode se apontar que não existe a obrigatoriedade legal da presença do psicólogo atuando junto a Defesa Civil. Para tanto o Sistema Conselhos, do Conselho Federal de Psicologia, publicou uma nota técnica auxiliando os psicólogos a buscarem juntamente com a população, em especial, a população afetada a relevância de ter um profissional de psicologia atuando junto a defesa civil tanto na prevenção quanto na resposta ao pós desastre.
VIGOREXIA: INFLUÊNCIA DOS PADRÕES ESTÉTICOS CULTURAIS E OBSESSÃO PELO CORPO IDEAL
Authors: Freitas Thais Lins de , Zortea Giovanna Botini , Wagner Valdilene , Oliveira Leonardo Pestillo de
Published: March 2020

A sociedade exerce pressão sobre como deve ser a estrutura corporal dos indivíduos. A auto percepção do peso pode estar relacionada com a distorção da imagem corporal. Nos homens, a preocupação excessiva com o corpo pode desencadear Transtornos Alimentares, além de um novo transtorno comportamental denominado Vigorexia. Assim, nos anos de 2016 e 2017 buscou-se coletar e agrupar variáveis que indicassem quais implicações à disseminação de um padrão de beleza superestimado socialmente tem gerado na percepção e conduta dos indivíduos. Para isso, a pesquisa contou com a colaboração de quatro indivíduos, sendo dois destes praticantes de fisiculturismo e outros dois compondo o grupo controle (praticantes de exercício físico a mais de dois anos consecutivos sem qualquer inclinação ou volição pelo fisiculturismo). Nestes indivíduos fora aplicado um questionário semiestruturado de questões abertas e utilizado, posteriormente a análise, como parâmetro de comparação entre os discursos. Por fim, foi possível definir um padrão de comportamento e percepção comum entre os indivíduos acometidos pela Vigorexia, diferenciando a prática física saudável da obsessão pelo corpo perfeito.
PERCEPÇÃO DE USUÁRIAS SOBRE A PRÁTICA DO ACOLHIMENTO NA COLETA DE PREVENTIVO DE CÂNCER DE COLO DE ÚTERO
Authors: Andrade Poliana Do Prado , Omizzolo Jaqueline Aparecida Erig , Santos Margarete Verônica Jesse dos , Zanini Danielle
Published: March 2020

O câncer de colo de útero tem alta taxa de mortalidade no país, considerado o quarto câncer mais comum entre mulheres no ranking nacional e apresenta o maior potencial de prevenção e cura se diagnosticado precocemente. O objetivo foi identificar a influência do acolhimento em usuárias de uma unidade básica de saúde, relacionando-o ao retorno para exame citopatológico – Papanicolaou de câncer de colo de útero. Trata-se de um estudo com abordagem qualitativa, realizado em Unidade Básica de Saúde na serra catarinense. Participaram da pesquisa onze sujeitos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. Os resultados apontaram que a efetivação do acolhimento depende do estabelecimento do vínculo profissional-usuário e da postura acolhedora que vai além da estrutura física, o que está ligado com os processos de trabalho.  Considera-se a relação entre o acolhimento e o exame Papanicolau com laços carregados de sentimentos que acompanham as usuárias durante o exame. A compreensão de como é feito o exame, a importância do mesmo e a postura que o profissional adota durante este processo, aproxima as usuárias do serviço e estabelece uma relação de confiança, permitindo a participação destas com sugestões e expectativas para o exame. Conclui-se que é um desafio manter entre os profissionais uma postura acolhedora, necessitando o olhar amplo e atento dos gestores para realizar educações permanentes e qualificações sobre o tema.Palavras-chave: Acolhimento; Exame Papanicolaou; Saúde da Família.
Modulação da microbiota intestinal no tratamento de doenças neurológicas
Authors: Pesenti Morgana Do Canto , Macan Tamires Pavei
Published: March 2020

Alterações na microbiota intestinal têm sido associadas às doenças neurológicas relacionadas ao estresse, principalmente depressão, ansiedade, déficit de atenção e síndrome do intestino irritável. Nesse sentido, acredita-se que a modulação da microbiota intestinal possa regular diversos mecanismos envolvidos nestas alterações neurológicas. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a influência da microbiota intestinal no desenvolvimento cerebral e, como a modulação nutricional poderia influenciar no tratamento de doenças neurológicas. Para isto, realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica exploratória de artigos científicos indexados nas bases de dados científicos SciELO e PubMed. Os achados na literatura científica sugerem uma relação bidirecional no eixo cérebro-intestino. Além disso, o tratamento com probióticos, vitaminas do complexo B e vitamina D estão relacionados com a homeostasia imunológica intestinal e melhora nos sintomas das doenças neurológicas.
Política Nacional de Atenção Básica (2017): um golpe político-ideológico do capital
Authors: Maeyama Marcos Aurélio , Cortez Camilla Macedo , Souza Gabriela Goedert de , Gonçalves Grazielle Bohora Silva , Machado Jeniffer Kelen Santos , Carvalho Taís Nogara Novaes de , Corazza Júlio César , Silveira Plínio Augusto Freitas , Oliveira Inajara Carla de
Published: March 2020

Para responder a integralidade da atenção, o modelo de organização do SUS escolhido pelo Ministério da Saúde (MS) foi o da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), posteriormente no Brasil, denominada de Atenção Básica à Saúde (ABS). O motivo da denominação ABS foi pela tentativa de se diferenciar dos modelos seletivos internacionais, apostando num modelo de APS como estratégia estruturante do sistema. Desde sua implantação, a ABS acumula períodos de evolução e estagnação, tanto no que se refere à cobertura, quanto ao modelo adotado pelas equipes. Esses movimentos estão intimamente relacionados com a macro política adotada pelo MS para a APS apontada por meio de políticas e programas propostos. Nesse sentido, este artigo teve o objetivo de analisar as principais mudanças contidas na nova Política Nacional de Atenção Básica (PNAB), publicada em 2017, a partir de seu contexto histórico e político. Os resultados demonstraram que a nova PNAB, fruto de um movimento político-ideológico hegemônico, apresenta mudanças importantes quanto à estrutura das equipes, organização do processo de trabalho e financiamento, que fragilizam a consolidação da ABS como proposta abrangente para estruturação do sistema de saúde, dificultando o desenvolvimento da integralidade da atenção; e sugere que é necessário militância e participação social para que a política de saúde de fato responda aos interesses e necessidades da população.
ANÁLISE DE INFRAVERMELHO DA ASSOCIAÇÃO DE DUAS SOLUÇÕES IRRIGADORAS UTILIZADAS EM ENDODONTIA
Authors: Crema Marlowa Marcelino , Pires Diego Anselmi , Rigo Jenifer , Mendes Thayany Perin
Published: March 2020

O hipoclorito de sódio (NaClO) e o ácido etilenodiamino tetra-acético (EDTA) são soluções utilizadas como irrigantes durante o tratamento endodôntico. O presente estudo analisou a combinação dessas soluções por análise de Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformadas de Fourier – FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy). Foram realizadas análises químicas das soluções das substâncias NaClO (1%) e EDTA (17%), bem como da mistura das duas soluções irrigantes. Por meio do método FTIR, os compostos foram testados na forma líquida por um espectrômetro modelo IRAffinity-1S, da marca Shimadzu. Foi observada uma leve mudança na intensidade das bandas de vibração das moléculas do EDTA puro e da mistura EDTA/NaClO, porém não significativa. Observou-se ainda uma grande redução na intensidade das bandas de vibração das moléculas do grupo hidroxila (OH), da carbonila e das ligações C-O, as quais podem ser justificadas devido a um possível acoplamento do EDTA com o átomo de sódio obtido a partir do hipoclorito de sódio. O presente estudo confirmou que há uma mudança nos espectros de vibração das moléculas das substâncias NaClO e EDTA quando misturadas. Porém, não foi possível verificar e confirmar que há uma alteração de comportamento químico da mistura. Portanto, novos estudos seriam pertinentes para melhorar a confiança do cirurgião dentista quanto à utilização da associação de NaClO e EDTA como irrigantes endodônticos.
HIV-INFECTION AND CONSUMPTION OF PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES
Authors: Petrosyan T. R , Shakhmardanov Murad Z.
Published: March 2020

The article describes the main trends in the incidence rate of HIV infection in the Russian Federation over the past decade. The majority of HIV-infected people was shown to be injecting drug users. The immunosuppressive effect of psychoactive substances and peculiarities of HIV infection in drug-dependent patients are characterized. The drug use is considered to be associated with a high risk of co-infection: viral hepatitis via a parenteral transmission mechanism, tuberculosis. The spread of parenteral viral hepatitis among HIV-infected consumers of psychoactive substances has acquired a huge medical and social significance: hepatitis C affects more than 90% of consumers, hepatitis B - about 70-80%. Viral hepatitis B and C are considered as a co-factor in the tanatogenesis in babies of HIV-infected pregnant females, HIV/HCV coinfection accelerates the rate of progression of the chronic viral liver disease to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Among HIV-infected patients, there was significantly increased the proportion of cases killed by chronic viral hepatitis due to lack of the antiviral therapy for specific liver damage. Psychopathological changes in comorbid HIV infection in consumers of psychoactive substances are characterized. In drug users, HIV infection was noted to change the pathological attraction to psychoactive substances. If dependence on psychoactive substance was absent, this psychopathological phenomenon can suddenly arise in patients with narcological diseases, its clinical severity increases sharply. This is due to the general change in the unfavorable side of the mental state of patients, who were informed that they have HIV infection, given the low commitment of this contingent of ART proposed algorithm of complex medical and psychological care aimed at correcting mental, behavioral disorders and specific treatment of HIV infection.
ANALYSIS OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF TUBERCULOSIS IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS AT THE STAGE OF SECON-DARY DISEASES USING CORRELATION ADAPTOMETRY
Authors: Arutyunova D. D , Gerasimov A. N , Umbetova Karina T. , Maloletneva N. V , Belaya O. F , Allenov M. N , Volchkova E. V
Published: March 2020

At the stage of secondary HIV disease, the tuberculosis process often loses its specificity, which makes it difficult to diagnose timely, first of all, tuberculosis and leads to late appointment of etiotropic therapy. The purpose of our study was to study the characteristics of tuberculosis infection course in patients with HIV at the stage of secondary diseases using correlation adaptometry. The analysis of disease histories of 113 HIV infection patients at the stage of secondary diseases with the use of statistical processing was carried out. Using correlation adaptometry, it was established that HIV-infected patients do not have significant differences in the course and clinical manifestations of pulmonary and extrapulmonary forms of tuberculosis.
CLINICAL-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF AIDS-ASSOCIATED CRYPTOCOCCOSIS: DIAGNOSTICS AND THERAPEUTIC ASPECTS OF THE PROBLEM
Authors: Konkova-Reidman Alyona Borisovna , Veksei A. A , Smirnova N. V , Pischulova O. A
Published: March 2020

Introduction Currently, cryptococcosis is among the three most life-threatening opportunistic infections in AIDS patients. Materials and methods. The analysis of cases of cryptococcosis in HIV-infected patients in the world, the Russian Federation and the Chelyabinsk region using the methods of descriptive and analytical epidemiology. Two clinical cases of verified cryptococcosis were analyzed in detail in patients in the phase of HIV infection progression in the absence of antiretroviral therapy. Results. The manifestation of the disease was observed in the phase of progression of HIV infection in the absence of antiretroviral therapy with low immune status of patients (CD4 + lymphocyte level less than 100 cells in 1 μl of blood). The diagnosis is verified on the basis of a complex of clinical, instrumental, biochemical, immunological and mycological methods. Successful courses of treatment with antifungal drugs: amphotericin B, itraconazole, fluconazole. Conclusions. The definition of cryptococcal antigen is not a method for evaluating the effectiveness of treatment due to its long-term persistence in CSF and serum, even with successful treatment. Prescribing antiretroviral therapy significantly increases the effectiveness of cryptococcosis treatment. In AIDS patients, antifungal therapy is stopped only after effective for 3-6 months ART (the number of CD4 + lymphocytes in the blood is more than 100-200 cells/μl).
DIAGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF ANTIBODIES SPECTRUM TO COXIELLA BURNETII IN I AND II PHASES
Authors: Chekanova Tatiana A. , Shpynov S. N , Netalieva S. Zh , Babaeva M. A
Published: March 2020

The article discusses the results of a retrospective study for the presence of Coxiellosis serological markers in 723 blood sera from 537 febrile patients hospitalized in May-September 2015 in the regional infectious hospital in the Astrakhan region. Blood sera were screened by ELISA for the presence of IgG and IgM to II phase Coxiella burnetii (IgG II and IgM II, respectively). Samples, containing IgG II, wear detected IgG to I phase C. burnetii (IgG I). 92 seropositive C. burnetii patients (including 15 children’s) were identified. Characteristics of the antibody profiles in this study (IgG II, IgG II + IgM II, IgG II + IgG I, IgG II + IgM II + IgG I, IgM II) and their titers were given. The clinical picture is typical for acute infectious diseases was more often noted (diagnoses - acute respiratory disease / acute respiratory viral infection, adenovirus infection, Astrakhan spotted fever, coxiellosis) at spectrum detecting IgM II, IgM II + IgG II or IgG II (1: 800-1: 1600 titters). The «unknown etiology viral infection» diagnosis was more common among adults with any possible antibodies spectrum. Diagnostic criteria of acute Q fever and chronic coxsiellosis are discussed in the context of the serological testing results.
IMPACT OF TUBERCULOSIS AND ANTITUBERCULOUS CHEMOTHERAPY ON LIPID COMPOSITION OF THE BLOOD PLASMA
Authors: Riasensii Dmitri Sergeevich , Grishkina N. A , Aseev A. V
Published: March 2020

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by tuberculosis mycobacteria of human or bovine types and is characterized by multiple organs failure and chronic recurrent course. The blood plasma lipid spectrum state is one of the antituberculous chemotherapy toxic effect markers. The important role of the ratio of various fractions of general and blood phospholipids for the evaluation of the state of the organism in infectious pathology is proved. The purpose of this work is to study the features of the lipid spectrum of blood plasma in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis prior to treatment and at the end of the intensive phase of antituberculous chemotherapy. Three hundred and eight young and middle-aged patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were examined. The lipid and phospholipid spectrum of blood was determined prior to initiating the antituberculous chemotherapy and after the end of the intensive phase. The absolute content of general lipids and total phospholipids of blood plasma, as well as all their fractions, in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were higher than in healthy volunteers. In this regard, the representation of the lipid spectrum in absolute units does not reflect all the features of lipid metabolism disruption, which is primarily manifested in the plasma lipids main classes ratio violation. It is shown that the spectrum of lipid and phospholipid composition of blood plasma in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis differs significantly from the spectrum in healthy people. Antituberculous chemotherapy with bactericidal and bacteriostatic action comes with normalization of a number of lipid metabolism indicators such as free fatty acids, triglycerides, cholesterol esters and phosphatidylserine. However, such indicators as total phospholipids, free cholesterol and lysophospholipids show negative dynamics, which is probably caused by the antituberculous drug’s effect.
CURRENT CONCEPTIONS CONCERNING THE OBJECTIVE LAWS OF A CHOLERA EPIDEMIC PROCESS: ECOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Authors: Mironova Liliya Valer’evna
Published: March 2020

Modern conceptions about the objective laws of cholera epidemic process are reviewed taking into account the peculiarities of molecular biological properties and adaptable potential of the causative agent in the endemic, epidemic and cholera safe areas. It is shown that aquatic ecosystems at the endemic territories play the significant role both in the phase of the agent reservation (when it can pass to persistent forms or remain in viable but not culturable condition) and during the pre-epidemic period. During this period the molecular genetically heterogeneity of Vibrio cholerae population in the environments gives occasion to the subsequent selection of a pandemic clone in a susceptible host. This pandemic line is low enough in water ecosystem that is proved by the data of molecular typing of clinical and aquatic V. cholerae isolates. The phase of epidemic distribution of the given type can be realized most effectively at occurring of a “fast” way of the agent dissemination from person to person at preservation of the pathogen high infectivity. The leading role in the development of epidemiological complications in the epidemic and cholera free areas belongs to importation of high infective V. cholerae clone generated in endemic foci with its subsequent accumulation in environment objects under favorable climatic, hydrological and ecological conditions. Thus, intensity of epidemic process is defined by the action both natural climatic and social factors that are limiting in the safe areas but can promote scale epidemiological complications and also the infection persistence in the epidemic regions.
RESULTS OF VIROLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF THE CLINICAL MATERIALS COLLECTED FROM PATIENTS WITH ACUTE FEBRILE INFECTIONS UNKNOWN ORIGIN
Authors: Kozlova A. A , Butenko A. M , Larichev V. F , Vashkova V. V , Saifullin M. A , Azarian R. A , Grishanova A. P , Ivashchenko E. I , Guschin V. A , Shchetinin A. M , Nikiforova M. A , Klimentov A. S , Prilipov A. G , Alkhovsky S. V
Published: March 2020

In 2012-2018, 243 samples of blood, serum, urine and saliva of patients with acute febrile diseases hospitalized in medical institutions of Astrakhan, Astrakhan Region and Infectious Diseases Hospital №1 of Moscow were examined in experiments on intracerebral inoculation of newborn white mice. As a result, 8 strains of dengue 1 virus were isolated from patients infected in Thailand (7 strains) and Vietnam (1 strain); eight strains of dengue 2 virus from patients infected in Thailand (5 strains), Indonesia (2 strains) and the Maldives (1 strain); one strain of dengue 3 and one strain of Chikungunya virus (Asian genotype) from patients hospitalized after returning to Moscow from trips to the Philippines; 2 strains of Zika virus (Asian genotype) from patients visiting the Dominican Republic; 6 strains of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus genotype Europe 1 and one West Nile virus strain of genotype 1a from patients of the Astrakhan region.
ACUTE INTESTINAL DIARRHEA INFECTION AS A TRIGGER OF ACUTE DIVERTICULITIS OF THE SIGMOID COLON
Authors: Malov Valery A. , Tsvetkova N. A. , Isaenko S. A. , Triyniakov S. N. , Gorobchenko A. N. , Shagaeva Yu. V. , Ayvazan S. R. , Turkadze K. A. , Kanshina N. N.
Published: March 2020

The clinical observation of the development of acute diverticulitis of the sigmoid colon following a previous acute intestinal diarrhea infection of unknown etiology by a gastroenteric variant is considered. Brief characteristics of the course of the diverticular disease of the colon are given. The possible interrelation of the diverticular disease of the large intestine with synovial cysts is considered.
INTESTINAL NEMATODAE INFECTIONS: ALGORITHM OF DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT. ANALYSIS OF CASES AND REVIEW
Authors: Bronstein Alexander M. , Maximova M. S. , Fedyanina L. V. , Burova S. V. , Malyshev N. A. , Davydova I. V. , Lashin V. Ya. , Sokolova L. V.
Published: March 2020

In areas with high prevalence, intensity and incidence of soil-transmitted helminthosis four main soil-transmitted helminth infections, ascariasis, trichuriasis, strongyloidiasis and hookworm, are common clinical disorders in man. Mebendazole, albendazole, ivermectin and pyrantel are commonly used to remove these infections. The use of these drugs is not limited to treatment of symptomatic soil-transmitted helminth infections, but also for large-scale prevention of morbidity in children living in endemic areas. Recent research has provided new diagnostic technologies applicable to diagnosis, treatment and control. Despite some progress in their control, intestinal nematode infections continue to be a major public health problem in many regions.
Educação patrimonial em espaços formais e informais no município de Santa Vitória do Palmar, RS, Brasil
Authors: Campos Juliano Bitencourt , Teixeira Claudia Adriana Rocha , Oliveira Osvaldo André , Zocche Jairo  José , Zocche Caroline Magagnin , Dagostim Silvia Aline Pereira , Pestana Marlon Borges , Mottin Viviane
Published: March 2020

O artigo se propõe a apresentar as experiências educativas relacionadas às atividades do Programa de Educação Patrimonial e Ambiental em espaços formais e informais de educação, vinculado ao projeto de implantação de um complexo eólico de energia, no município de Santa Vitória do Palmar, RS, Brasil. O projeto contemplou o desenvolvimento de atividades no espaço da sala de aula propiciando a interação entre educandos, educadores, comunidade e pesquisadores. Neste ambiente foi trabalhado um embasamento teórico sobre o conceito de Educação Patrimonial, assim como Patrimônio Cultural e Ambiental regional. Os debates acadêmicos sobre os temas demonstraram que a iniciativa é válida, profícua e tem o respaldo e o respeito das instituições oficiais que se dedicam a preservar, conservar e democratizar o uso, desfrute e conhecimento daquilo que é de toda a sociedade, sua identidade patrimonial.
Os artefatos arqueológicos podem jogar?
Authors: Daltro de Viveiros Pina Amanda
Published: March 2020

Destaca a utilização de elementos arqueológicos no campo digital e a influência dos jogos eletrônicos no tocante à teoria arqueológica. Analisa os estudos acerca da cultura material em espaços imateriais, elucidando o que seriam os pixels e de que forma eles estão inseridos na vida humana e, por conseguinte, na Arqueologia. Tem por objetivo compreender as variadas formas que o patrimônio arqueológico se apresenta em contextos palpáveis e não palpáveis. O estudo de caso pauta-se em um jogo arqueológico desenvolvido pelo Laboratório de Arqueologia Romana Provincial da Universidade de São Paulo intitulado “O Último Banquete em Herculano”. Finaliza com uma reflexão sobre a aplicação da teoria ciberarqueológica no contexto do jogo arqueológico apresentado como estudo de caso.
Reforma fiscal corporativa internacional: hacia una solución completa y justa
Authors: ICRICT ICRICT
Published: March 2020

En este documento, el ICRICT toma postura respecto del planteamiento de una reforma fiscal global, en el marco de las propuestas de la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE) para gravar a las firmas multinacionales y las discusiones relacionadas del G20. En este sentido, la comisión enfatiza en la necesidad de un sistema fiscal internacional sostenible que, a largo plazo, beneficie tanto a las economías avanzadas como a las economías en desarrollo, que trate, asimismo, a las multinacionales como empresas únicas, con el fin de que, mediante una comunidad de Estados, se genere un marco para la tributación internacional más justa.
Capital y ganancia
Authors: Shaikh Anwar
Published: March 2020

Luego de mencionar la explicación de Marx de los beneficios capitalistas, se retoma la distinción de Steuart entre “beneficios de producción” y “beneficios de circulación” (profits of alienation).Si el sistema de precios coincide con el sistema de valor, estos beneficios desaparecen (la circulación es neutra), supuesto que asume Marx y que le permite concentrar la atención en lo esencial del plusvalor: que es trabajo no pagado. En el ensayo se examinan las consecuencias de abandonar este supuesto, se apunta al “problema de la transformación”, se retoman algunos ejemplos e hipótesis de Sraffa y, mediante una presentación matricial sencilla, se examinan algunas consecuencias relevantes; por ejemplo, que las ganancias monetarias agregadas difieren del plusvalor total. Asimismo, se alude a las ganancias del capital financiero (intereses y ganancias de capital) y, de manera introductoria, se menciona la importancia del fenómeno para explicar los precios y las ganancias de monopolio, rasgo medular del capitalismo contemporáneo.
El teorema Heckscher-Ohlin y la economía mexicana. Una visión crítica de la economía neoliberal
Authors: Ruiz Nápoles Pablo
Published: March 2020

La teoría neoclásica del comercio internacional está basada en gran medida en el teorema de Heckscher-Ohlin (H-O). Esta proposición ha sobrevivido todas las críticas y sigue constituyendo la base de las políticas comerciales de libre mercado. El teorema ha sido puesto a prueba con varias metodologías bajo diversos escenarios; no obstante, la prueba más conocida es la que llevó a cabo Wassily Leontief con la economía estadunidense, usando la matriz de insumo-producto de 1947. Sus resultados contradijeron las predicciones del teorema, lo cual dio origen a la llamada “paradoja de Leontief”. Aquí hemos puesto a prueba el teorema H-O en el caso de la economía mexicana, con el fin de descubrir si la estrategia económica del libre mercado impulsó las ventajas comparativas de México basadas en su dotación relativa de factores, como plantea el teorema. Los resultados muestran que el teorema H-O no describe el caso de México en el periodo posterior a la liberalización comercial.
Regulation of Microglial Functions by Purinergic Mechanisms in the Healthy and Diseased CNS
Authors: Illes Peter , Rubini Patrizia , Ulrich Henning , Zhao Yafei , Tang Yong
Published: March 2020

Microglial cells, the resident macrophages of the CNS, exist in a process-bearing, ramified/surveying phenotype under resting conditions. Upon activation by cell damaging factors they get transformed to an amoeboid phenotype releasing various cell products including pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, proteases, reactive oxygen/nitrogen species and the excytotoxic ATP and glutamate. In addition, they engulf pathogenic bacteria or cell debris and phagocytose them. However, already resting/surveying microglia has a number of important physiological functions in the CNS; they e.g. shield small disruptions of the blood-brain barrier by their processes, dynamically interact with synaptic structures and clear surplus synapses during development. In neurodegenerative illnesses they aggravate the original disease by a microglia-based compulsory neuroinflammatory reaction. Therefore, the blockade of this reaction improves the outcome of Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, etc. The function of microglia is regulated by a whole array of purinergic receptors classified as P2Y12, P2Y6, P2Y4, P2X4, P2X7, A2A, A3, and being targets for endogenous ATP, ADP, or adenosine. ATP is sequentially degraded by the ecto-nucleotidases and 5’-nucleotidase enzymes to the weak adenosine agonist inosine as an end-product. The appropriate selective agonists/antagonists for purinergic receptors as well as the respective enzyme inhibitors may profoundly interfere with microglial functions and reconstitute the homeostasis of the CNS disturbed by neuroinflammation.
Evaluation of Open Access Precipitation and Temperature Products Using SWAT in Shiyang River Basin, Northwest China
Authors: Zhang Gengxi , Su Xiaoling , Ayantobo Olusola O. , Feng Kai , Guo Jing
Published: March 2020

Precipitation and temperature are significant inputs for hydrological models. Currently, many satellite and reanalysis precipitation and air temperature datasets exist at different spatio-temporal resolutions at a global and quasi-global scale. This study evaluated the performances of three open-access precipitation datasets (gauge-adjusted research-grade Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP_Gauge), Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS), Climate Forecast System Reanalysis(CFSR)) and CFSR air temperature dataset in driving the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model required for the monthly simulation of streamflow in the upper Shiyang River Basin of northwest China. After a thorough comparison of six model scenarios with different combinations of precipitation and air temperature inputs, the following conclusions were drawn: (1) Although the precipitation products had similar spatial patterns, however, CFSR differs significantly by showing an overestimation; (2) CFSR air temperature yielded almost identical performance in the streamflow simulation than the measured air temperature from gauge stations; (3) among the three open-access precipitation datasets, CHIRPS produced the best performance. These results suggested that the CHIRPS precipitation and CFSR air temperature datasets which are available at high spatial resolution (0.05), could be a promising alternative open-access data source for streamflow simulation in the case of limited access to desirable gauge data in the data-scarce area.
Transient Thermo-mechanical Analysis of Steel Ladle Refractory Linings Using Mechanical Homogenization Approach
Authors: Ali Mahmoud , Sayet Thomas , Gasser Alain , Blond Eric
Published: March 2020

Mortarless refractory masonry structures are widely used in the steel industry for the linings of many high-temperature industrial applications including steel ladle. The design and the optimization of these components require accurate numerical models that consider the presence of joints as well as joints closure and opening due to cyclic heating and cooling. The present work reports on the formulation, numerical implementation, validation, and application of homogenized numerical models for simulation of refractory masonry structures with dry joints. The validated constitutive model has been used to simulate a steel ladle and to analyze its transient thermomechanical behavior during a typical thermal cycle of steel ladle. 3D solution domain, enhanced thermal and mechanical boundary conditions have been used. Parametric studies to investigate the impact of joints thickness on the thermomechanical response of the ladle have been carried out. The results clearly demonstrate that the thermomechanical behavior of mortarless masonry is orthotropic nonlinear due to gradual closure and reopening of joints with the increase and decrease of temperature. Also, resulting thermal stresses increase with the increase of temperature and decrease with the increase of joints thickness.
Potential Pathogenesis of Multiple Organ Injury in COVID-19
Authors: Guo Ling , Yu Kuipeng , Li Dengren , Yang Huimin , Liu Lei , Fan Jiahui , Sun Nan , Yang Xiangdong
Published: March 2020

Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) can lead to multiple organ injuries such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), acute renal injury (AKI) and so on. ACE2 is an important part of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and a key protein needed for COVID-19 to invade cells. First of all, we searched the HPA, GTEx and FANTOM5 Databases and found that the expression of ACE2 in kidney tissue was significantly higher than that in lung tissue. Then, by searching the Nephroseq Database, it is further verified that ACE2 is highly expressed in renal tissue and plays a protective role in renal tissue. However, current studies have found that the incidence of AKI caused by COVID-19 is much lower than that of ARDS. Because of this, we further searched the proteins interacting with ACE2 protein through the STING Database and analyzed the expression of tissue protein mRNA in the HPA Database. It was noted that AGTR2 mRNA was highly expressed in lung tissue, but low in kidney tissue, and hard tissue specificity in lung tissue. Through further research, it is found that AGTR2 plays a major role in the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Therefore, AGTR2 may be a key protein in COVID-19 pneumonia, and AGTR2 may be a potential new therapeutic target for the treatment of COVID-19 patients.
COVID-19 Evolves in Human Hosts
Authors: Liu Yanni , Liu Bing , Cui Jiangtao , Wang Zhi , Shen Yulong , Xu Yueshen , Yao Kaicheng , Guan Yuanfang
Published: March 2020

Today, we are all threatened by an unprecedented pandemic: COVID-19. How different is it from other coronaviruses? Will it be attenuated or become more virulent? Which animals may be its original host? In this study, we analyzed 377 publicly available complete genome sequences for the COVID-19 virus, the previously known flu-causing coronaviruses (HCov-229E, HCov-OC43, HCov-NL63 and HCov-HKU1) and the lethal, pathogenic P3/P4 viruses, SARS, MERS, Victoria, Lassa, Yamagata, Ebola, and Dengue. We found strong similarities between the current circulating COVID-19 and SARS and MERS, as well as COVID-19 in rhinolophines and pangolins. On the contrary, COVID-19 shares little similarity with the flu-causing coronaviruses and the other P3/P4 viruses. Strikingly, we observed divergence of COVID-19 strains isolated from human hosts has steadily increased from December 2019 to March 2020, suggesting COVID-19 is actively evolving in human hosts. From all existing human COVID-19 genome sequences, we calculated the first common model that represents the shared sequences of the human COVID-19 strains, which provides important information for vaccine and antibody development. Geographic and time-course analysis of the evolutionary trees of the human COVID-19 reveals possibly heterogeneous evolutional paths among strains from 21 countries. This finding has important implications to the management of COVID-19 and the development of vaccines.
A Retrospective Analysis of Influence of Environmental/Air Temperature and Relative Humidity on SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak
Authors: Rahman Md. Arifur , Hossain Md. Golzar , Singha Atul Chandra , Islam Md Sayeedul , Islam Md Ariful
Published: March 2020

The pandemic threat SARS-CoV-2 is now beyond control though the country of origin of this virus had already been limited for the new infection. Number of infected people and countries have been increasing day by day. Considering the previous pandemic flues, it is hypothesizing that COVID-19 will be reduced with warming the global environmental temperature. Therefore, the current study was aimed to analyze the effect of temperature and relative humidity (RH) on spreading of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The COVID-19 confirmed cases of 31 different states in China and 70 cities of 11 countries were obtained from several online databases. The real time temperature and humidity of the respective regions were taken from an online weather forecasting data source. Correlation analyses showed that SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and spreading negatively correlated with temperature of most of the states of China or cities of the world or in a country. The effect of humidity on COVID-19 was found to be positively correlated inside the China and difference of humidity was not found among countries and/or various regions of the world. Moreover, a minimum number of COVID-19 cases have been confirmed in the temperate regions compared to regions/countries compared to regions/countries with relatively low temperature. In conclusion, the SARS-CoV-2 infection has been found in a wide range of temperatures. It might be hypothesized that comparatively elevated air temperature could play a detrimental effect for SARS-CoV-2 spread.