bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Normalizers of 2-subgroups in black-box groups
Authors: Rowley Peter , Taylor Paul
Published: August 2010

In this paper we refine and extend the applicability of the algorithms in Bates and Rowley (Arch. Math. 92 (2009) 7–13) for computing part of the normalizer of a 2-subgroup in a black-box group.

Supplementary materials are available with this article.
The Mordell–Weil sieve: proving non-existence of rational points on curves
Authors: Bruin Nils , Stoll Michael
Published: August 2010

We discuss the Mordell–Weil sieve as a general technique for proving results concerning rational points on a given curve. In the special case of curves of genus 2, we describe quite explicitly how the relevant local information can be obtained if one does not want to restrict to mod p information at primes of good reduction. We describe our implementation of the Mordell–Weil sieve algorithm and discuss its efficiency.

Supplementary materials are available with this article.
Multifractal Spectra of INGaN/GaN Self-Assembled Quantum Dots Films
Authors: Lam Artde D. K. T.
Published: August 2010

The surface shape and microstructure of semiconductor thin films, especially nanometer thin films, have important influence to construct physical characteristics, such as electricity, magnetic, and optics nature to the thin films. In this work, we use the multifractal spectra to study the surface morphology of InGaN/GaN self-assembled quantum dot films after the annealed process. Samples used in this study were grown on the (0001)-oriented sapphire (Al2O3) substrates in a vertical low-pressure metal-organic chemical vapor deposition reactor with a high-speed rotation disk. The fractal dimension and multifractal spectra can be used to describe the influence of different annealed conditions on surface characterization. Fractal analysis reveals that both the average surface roughness and root-mean-square roughness of nanostructure surfaces are decreased after the thermal annealing process. It can be seen that a smoother surface was obtained under an annealing temperature at 800°C, and it implies that the surface roughness of this case is minimum in all tests. The results of this paper also described a mathematical modeling method for the observation of the fractal and multifractal characteristics in a semiconductor nanostructure films.
Reducing damage to Si substrates during gate etching processes by synchronous plasma pulsing
Authors: Petit-Etienne Camille , Darnon Maxime , Vallier Laurent , Pargon Erwine , Cunge Gilles , Boulard François , Joubert Olivier , Banna Samer , Lill Thorsten
Published: August 2010

Plasma oxidation of the c-Si substrate through a very thin gate oxide layer can be observed during HBr/O2/Ar based plasma overetch steps of gate etch processes. This phenomenon generates the so-called silicon recess in the channel and source/drain regions of the transistors. In this work, the authors compare the silicon recess generated by continuous wave HBr/O2/Ar plasmas and synchronous pulsed HBr/O2/Ar plasmas. Thin SiO2 layers are exposed to continuous and pulsed HBr/O2/Ar plasmas, reproducing the overetch process conditions of a typical gate etch process. Using in situ ellipsometry and angle resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the authors demonstrate that the oxidized layer which leads to silicon recess can be reduced from 4 to 0.8 nm by pulsing the plasma in synchronous mode.
Mitotic Recombination in Patients with Ichthyosis Causes Reversion of Dominant Mutations in
KRT10
Authors: Choate Keith A. , Lu Yin , Zhou Jing , Choi Murim , Elias Peter M. , Farhi Anita , Nelson-Williams Carol , Crumrine Debra , Williams Mary L. , Nopper Amy J. , Bree Alanna , Milstone Leonard M. , Lifton Richard P.
Published: August 2010

Gaining from a Loss

Mitotic recombination can cause a cell carrying heterozygous mutations in a tumor suppressor gene to lose the wild-type copy of the gene, setting the cell on the pathway to uncontrolled growth. But can mitotic recombination have beneficial effects in other settings—that is, lead to phenotypic correction of a diseased cell by facilitating loss of the disease-causing mutation?

Choate
et al.

(p.
94
, published online 26 August; see the Perspective by

Davis and Candotti

) now find evidence for this type of event in a rare skin disease called ichthyosis with confetti (IWC). Patients with IWC display severe scaling of the skin but have widespread patches of normal skin that reflect clonal expansion of revertant cells. The revertant cells showed loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 17q and, as a result of mitotic recombination, these cells selectively lost dominant disease-causing mutations in the keratin 10 gene (
KRT10
), but retained the wild-type copy of the gene.
Students come to medical schools prepared to cheat: a multi-campus investigation
Authors: Kukolja Taradi Sunčana , Taradi Milan , Knežević Tin , Đogaš Zoran
Published: August 2010

Objectives

To investigate high school cheating experiences and attitudes towards academic misconduct of freshmen at all four medical schools in Croatia, as a post-communist country in transition, with intention of raising awareness of academic (dis)honesty.

Design and method

Students were given an anonymous questionnaire containing 22 questions on the atmosphere of integrity at their high school, self-reported educational dishonesty, their evaluation of cheating behaviour, and on their expectations about the atmosphere of integrity at their university.

Setting

All schools of medicine of Croatian universities (Zagreb, Rijeka, Split and Osijek).

Main measures

Descriptive statistics and differences in students' self-reported educational dishonesty, perception of cheating behaviour, and perception of the high school integrity atmosphere.

Results

Of the 761 freshmen attending the four medical schools, 508 (67%) completed the questionnaire: 481 Croatian and 27 international students. Of the Croatian respondents, almost all (>99%) self-reported engaging in at least one behaviour of educational dishonesty, and 78% of respondents admitted to having frequently cheated in at least one form of assessed academic misconduct. Only three students admitted to having reported another student for cheating. For most of the questions, there was no significant difference in the responses among Croatian students. However, significant differences were found in most responses between Croatian students and their international counterparts, who were significantly less likely to engage in dishonest behaviours. No individual factor was found to correlate with the incidence of self-admitted dishonest behaviour. Frequent cheaters evaluated academic dishonesty significantly more leniently than those who did not cheat.

Conclusion

Academic dishonesty of university students does not begin in higher education; students come to medical schools ready to cheat.
A long term study of pulmonary function among US refractory ceramic fibre workers
Authors: McKay Roy T , LeMasters Grace K , Hilbert Timothy J , Levin Linda S , Rice Carol H , Borton Eric K , Lockey James E
Published: August 2010

Background

Cross-sectional studies have shown declines in lung function among refractory ceramic fibre (RCF) workers with increasing fibre exposure. This study followed current and former workers (n=1396) for up to 17 years and collected 5243 pulmonary function tests.

Methods

Cumulative fibre exposure and production years were categorised into exposure levels at five manufacturing locations. Conventional longitudinal models did not adequately partition age-related changes from other time-dependent variables. Therefore, a restricted cubic spline model was developed to account for the non-linear decline with age.

Results

Cumulative fibre >60 fibre-months/cc showed a significant loss in lung function at the first test. When results were examined longitudinally, cumulative exposure was confounded with age as workers with the highest cumulative exposure were generally older. A longitudinal model adjusted by age groups was implemented to control for this confounding. No consistent longitudinal loss in lung function was observed with RCF exposure. Smoking, initial weight and weight increase were significant factors.

Conclusion

No consistent decline was observed longitudinally with exposure to RCF, although cross-sectional and longitudinal findings were discordant. Confounding and accelerated lung function declines with ageing and the correlation of multiple time-dependent variables should be considered in order to minimise error and maximise precision. An innovative statistical methodology for these types of data is described.
Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields and sex-differential risk of uveal melanoma
Authors: Behrens Thomas , Lynge Elsebeth , Cree Ian , Sabroe Svend , Lutz Jean-Michel , Afonso Noemia , Eriksson Mikael , Guénel Pascal , Merletti Franco , Morales-Suarez-Varela Maria , Stengrevics Aivars , Févotte Joëlle , Llopis-González Agustin , Gorini Giuseppe , Sharkova Galina , Hardell Lennart , Ahrens Wolfgang
Published: August 2010

Objectives

The association between occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) and the risk of uveal melanoma was investigated in a case–control study in nine European countries.

Methods

Incident cases of uveal melanoma and population as well as hospital controls were included and frequency matched by country, 5-year birth cohort and sex. Subjects were asked whether they had worked close to high-voltage electrical transmission installations, computer screens and various electrical machines, or in complex electrical environments. Measurements of two Scandinavian job–exposure matrices were applied to estimate lifelong cumulative EMF exposure. Unconditional logistic regression analyses, stratified by sex and eye colour were calculated, adjusting for several potential confounders.

Results

293 patients with uveal melanoma and 3198 control subjects were interviewed. Women exposed to electrical transmission installations showed elevated risks (OR 5.81, 95% CI 1.72 to 19.66). Positive associations with exposure to control rooms were seen among men and women, but most risk increases were restricted to subjects with dark iris colour. Application of published EMF measurements revealed stronger risk increases among women compared to men. Again, elevated risks were restricted to subjects with dark eye colour.

Conclusion

Although based on a low prevalence of exposure to potential occupational sources of EMF, our data indicate that exposed dark-eyed women may be at particular risk for uveal melanoma.
Use of mobile phones and changes in cognitive function in adolescents
Authors: Thomas S , Benke G , Dimitriadis C , Inyang I , Sim M R , Wolfe R , Croft R J , Abramson M J
Published: August 2010

Background

Several studies have investigated the impact of mobile phone exposure on cognitive function in adults. However, children and adolescents are of special interest due to their developing nervous systems.

Methods

Data were derived from the Australian Mobile Radiofrequency Phone Exposed Users' Study (MoRPhEUS) which comprised a baseline examination of year 7 students during 2005/2006 and a 1-year follow-up. Sociodemographic and exposure data were collected with a questionnaire. Cognitive functions were assessed with a computerised test battery and the Stroop Color-Word test.

Results

236 students participated in both examinations. The proportion of mobile phone owners and the number of voice calls and short message services (SMS) per week increased from baseline to follow-up. Participants with more voice calls and SMS at baseline showed less reductions in response times over the 1-year period in various computerised tasks. Furthermore, those with increased voice calls and SMS exposure over the 1-year period showed changes in response time in a simple reaction and a working memory task. No associations were seen between mobile phone exposure and the Stroop test.

Conclusions

We have observed that some changes in cognitive function, particularly in response time rather than accuracy, occurred with a latency period of 1 year and that some changes were associated with increased exposure. However, the increased exposure was mainly applied to those who had fewer voice calls and SMS at baseline, suggesting that these changes over time may relate to statistical regression to the mean, and not be the effect of mobile phone exposure.
Mortality from liver cancer and leukaemia among polyvinyl chloride workers in Taiwan: an updated study
Authors: Hsieh Hui-I , Chen Pau-Chung , Wong Ruey-Hong , Du Chung-Li , Chang Yu-Yin , Wang Jung-Der , Cheng Tsun-Jen
Published: August 2010

Objectives

To investigate types of cancer caused by occupational exposure to vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) and the temporal mortality trends of these cancers in workers from polyvinyl chloride (PVC) manufacturing factories in Taiwan, with follow-up of the cohort extended by 15 years, from 1980 to 2007.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study of workers from six PVC factories in Taiwan was conducted. 3336 male PVC workers were enrolled and further linked with the National Mortality Registry and National Household Registry databases. Standardised mortality ratios (SMR) with 95% CIs were calculated and compared to the general Taiwanese male population. Cause-specific mortality between two study periods, 1980–1997 and 1998–2007, was compared. Six-year moving averages of the SMRs were calculated to examine mortality trends.

Results

Liver cancer mortality increased during 1989–1994 (SMR 1.90, 95% CI 1.01 to 3.25), reached a peak during 1991–1996 (SMR 2.31, 95% CI 1.39 to 3.61) and became non-significant during 1994–1999 (SMR 1.42, 95% CI 0.80 to 2.34). Leukaemia mortality significantly increased during 1984–1989 (SMR 6.06, 95% CI 1.24 to 17.53), reached a peak during 1985–1990 (SMR 7.56, 95% CI 2.06 to 19.35) and became non-significant during 1991–1996 (SMR 3.24, 95% CI 0.39 to 11.69). The mortality trend for haemolymphopoietic cancer showed a similar pattern to that of leukaemia.

Conclusions

VCM may increase the risk of liver cancer and leukaemia. When VCM exposure was controlled at worksites, mortality from these cancers returned to background levels.
Participation in a population-based physical activity programme as an aid for smoking cessation: a randomised trial
Authors: Bize Raphaël , Willi Carole , Chiolero Arnaud , Stoianov Rebecca , Payot Sylvie , Locatelli Isabella , Cornuz Jacques
Published: August 2010

Objectives

Exercise combined with nicotine therapy may help smoking cessation and minimise weight gain after quitting. Low participation in vigorous-intensity physical activity programmes precludes their population-wide applicability. In a randomised controlled trial, we tested whether a population-based moderate-intensity physical activity programme increases quit rates among sedentary smokers receiving nicotine therapy.

Methods

Participants (n=481; 57% male; mean age, 42.2 years (SD 10.1); mean cigarette consumption, 27 (SD 10.2) per day) were offered a nine-week smoking cessation programme consisting of a weekly 15-minute counselling session and the prescription of nicotine replacement therapy. In addition, participants in the physical activity group (n=229) also took part in a programme of moderate-intensity physical activity implemented at the national level, and offering nine weekly 60-minute sessions of physical activity. To ensure equal contact conditions, participants in the control group (n=252) attended weekly 60-minute health behaviour education sessions unrelated to physical activity. The primary outcome was continuous CO-verified smoking abstinence rates at 1-year follow-up.

Results

Continuous smoking abstinence rates were high and similar in the physical activity group and the control group at the end of the intervention (47% versus 46%, p=0.81) and at 1-year follow-up (27% versus 29%, p=0.71). The mean weight gain after one year was 4.4 kg and 6.2 kg among sustained quitters of the physical activity and control groups, respectively (p=0.06).

Conclusion

Participation in a population-based moderate-intensity physical activity programme for 9 weeks in addition to a comprehensive smoking cessation programme did not significantly increase smoking cessation rates. A non-significant reduction in weight gain was observed among participants who quit smoking in the physical activity group.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov; US National Institutes for Health (available online athttp://clinicaltrials.gov/; Clinical Trial Registration Number:NCT00521391)
THE QUANTIZATION RULE AND MASLOV INDEX
Authors: GU XIAO-YAN
Published: August 2010

Within extensions of the new quantization rule approach in arbitrary dimensions, the Maslov indices and energy spectra of some exactly solvable potentials are presented. We find that the Maslov index for the harmonic oscillator in three dimensions agrees well with those obtained by other methods.
ACTIVITY BASED CIM MODELING AND TRANSFORMATION FOR BUSINESS PROCESS SYSTEMS
Authors: ZHANG JIANFU , FENG PINGFA , WU ZHIJUN , YU DINGWEN , CHEN KEN
Published: August 2010

Computation-Independent Model (CIM) to capture domain requirements and the transformation from CIM to the Platform-Independent Model (PIM) are two crucial parts of the Model-Driven Architecture (MDA). This paper presents an ontology-activity-based CIM modeling approach to achieve a semi-automatic transformation from CIM to PIM. It proposes that the key elements in business process modeling are activities and these should therefore form the basis in constructing the domain ontology. Aiming to provide the key description capability for the process model, it discusses the hierarchy of the model by adding an activity dimension between the object and process tiers. It also proposes a model-relevance-calculation-based method for extracting ontology activities from the process meta-models. Based on the presented model acquisition method, a decomposition approach is proposed to simplify the complexity of the transformation relationships between the CIM and PIM by introducing the concepts of ontology activities. A general framework surrounding the transformation from CIM to PIM is discussed. It uses the Web Ontology Language (OWL) to describe the ontology activity and considers the Unified Modeling Language (UML) to be the PIM.
STATIONARY WAVES TO VISCOUS HEAT-CONDUCTIVE GASES IN HALF-SPACE: EXISTENCE, STABILITY AND CONVERGENCE RATE
Authors: KAWASHIMA SHUICHI , NAKAMURA TOHRU , NISHIBATA SHINYA , ZHU PEICHENG
Published: August 2010

The main concern of this paper is to study large-time behavior of solutions to an ideal polytropic model of compressible viscous gases in one-dimensional half-space. We consider an outflow problem and obtain a convergence rate of solutions toward a corresponding stationary solution. Here the existence of the stationary solution is proved under a smallness condition on the boundary data with the aid of center manifold theory. We also show the time asymptotic stability of the stationary solution under smallness assumptions on the boundary data and the initial perturbation in the Sobolev space, by employing an energy method. Moreover, the convergence rate of the solution toward the stationary solution is obtained, provided that the initial perturbation belongs to the weighted Sobolev space. The proof is based on deriving a priori estimates by using a time and space weighted energy method.
A UV/IR COMPLETE BRANEWORLD INFLATION
Authors: PAHLAVAN ALI , NOZARI KOUROSH
Published: August 2010

A UV/IR complete theory of cosmological inflation is constructed in a braneworld setup that the inflaton field evolves on a DGP brane and the curvature effect is incorporated via the Gauss–Bonnet term in the bulk action. While the Induced Gravity on the DGP brane is a manifestation of the IR limit, the stringy Gauss–Bonnet effect in the bulk action realizes the UV sector of the scenario. This scenario generally supports a red power spectrum of perturbations, and for a large field regime requires a smaller number of e-folds than other braneworld inflation scenarios given the same assumptions. For the tensor-to-scalar ratio, this inflation scenario gives a better fit to observation than alternative scenarios.
WORMHOLES AND CHILD UNIVERSES
Authors: GUENDELMAN E. I.
Published: August 2010

Evidence to the case that classical gravitation provides the clue to make sense out of quantum gravity is presented. The key observation is the existence in classical gravitation of child universe solutions or "almost" solutions, "almost" because of some singularity problems. The difficulties of these child universe solutions that are due to their generic singularity problems will be very likely be cured by quantum effects, just like for example "almost" instanton solutions are made relevant in gauge theories with the breaking of conformal invariance. Some well-motivated modifcations of general relativity where these singularity problems are absent even at the classical level are discussed. High energy density excitations, responsible for UV divergences in quantum field theories, including quantum gravity, are likely to be the source of child universes which carry them out of the original space–time. This decoupling could prevent these high UV excitations from having any influence on physical amplitudes. Child universe production could therefore be responsible for UV regularization in quantum field theories which take into account semiclassically gravitational effects. Child universe production in the last stages of black hole evaporation, the prediction of absence of trans-Planckian primordial perturbations, connection to the minimum length hypothesis, and in particular the connection to the maximal curvature hypothesis are discussed. Some discussion of superexcited states in the case these states such as Kaluza–Klein excitations are carried out. Finally, the possibility of obtaining "string like" effects from the wormholes associated with the child universes is discussed.
MASSIVE BLACK HOLE BINARY SYSTEMS IN HIERARCHIAL SCENARIO OF STRUCTURE FORMATION
Authors: PEREIRA E. S. , MIRANDA O. D.
Published: August 2010

The hierarchical scenario of structure formation describes how objects like galaxies and galaxy clusters are formed by mergers of small objects. In this scenario, mergers of galaxies can lead to the formation of massive black hole (MBH) binary systems. On the other hand, the merger of two MBH could produce a gravitational wave signal detectable, in principle, by the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). In the present work, we use the Press–Schechter formalism, and its extension, to describe the merger rate of haloes which contain massive black holes. Here, we do not study the gravitational wave emission of these systems. However, we present an initial study to determine the number of systems formed via mergers that could permit, in a future extension of this work, the calculation of the signature in gravitational waves of these systems.
SEARCH FOR MONOCHROMATIC SIGNALS USING DATA FROM THE ALLEGRO GRAVITATIONAL WAVE DETECTOR
Authors: OLIVEIRA F. G. , MARINHO R. M. , PIRES R. , XAVIER V. S. , FRAJUCA C. , MAGALHAES N. S. , AGUIAR O. D.
Published: August 2010

We present a data analysis method for searching monochromatic signals in temporal series. With this method it is possible to estimate the power spectrum by using averaged modified periodograms which reinforce the presence of peaks due to monochromatic signals. In particular we use ALLEGRO's gravitational wave data for the year 1999 taking into account the effect due to the orbital motion of the Earth. We tested the method injecting a simulated signal in real data and we were able to detect it. Then we seeked for candidate signals within the noise but nothing was found. The method showed useful for applications in the search for continuous gravitational waves.
THE ROLE OF SCALAR-ISOVECTOR MESONS AND ANTIKAONS IN NEUTRON STARS
Authors: MESQUITA A. , RAZEIRA M. , VASCONCELLOS C. A. Z. , FERNÁNDEZ F.
Published: August 2010

We study the effects of the scalar-isovector meson δ and those of a new light scalar-isovector resonance ς on the phase transition of hadronic matter to hadronic matter with a condensate of antikaons, using an effective model with derivative couplings. In our formalism, nucleons interact through the exchange of σ, ω, ϱ, δ, and ς mesons in the presence of electrons and muons to accomplish electric charge neutrality and beta equilibrium. The phase-transition to the antikaon condensate was implemented through the Gibbs conditions combined with the mean-field approximation, giving rise to a mixed phase of coexistence between nucleon matter and the condensed antikaons. Scalar-isovector mesons operate for restoring isospin symmetry and reduce this way the value of the effective nucleon mass, independent of the depth of the optical potential for antikaons. Moreover, as expected we found that an increase of the depth of optical potential favors the population of antikaons. Finally, assuming neutrino-free matter, we observe a rapid decrease of the electron chemical potential produced by the gradual substitution of electrons by kaons to accomplish electric charge neutrality.
NONRELATIVISTIC LIMITS OF THE NONLINEAR POINT-COUPLING MODELS AND THEIR NATURALNESS
Authors: DELFINO A. , LOURENÇO O. , DUTRA M. , MARTINS J. S. S.
Published: August 2010

We obtain the dimensionless coefficients of the single-particle energy density coming from the nonrelativistic limits of nonlinear relativistic hadronic point-coupling models for infinite nuclear matter at zero temperature, in order to analyze their naturalness, and compare them with some well known Skyrme parametrizations. The results show that the naturalness of these nonrelativistic models may be affected or not, depending on some parameters of the corresponding Skyrme models, such as σ and the incompressibility.
IMPROVED STATISTICAL QCD MODEL FOR THE QUARK CONTENT OF THE NUCLEON
Authors: MÍREZ C. , TOMIO L. , TREVISAN L. A. , FREDERICO T.
Published: August 2010

The neutron-to-proton ratio of the structure functions, [Formula: see text], as well as the corresponding difference [Formula: see text] are obtained within a statistical quark model for the nucleon, where the quark energy levels are given by a central linear confining potential.
ACCRETION MECHANISMS ONTO PRIMORDIAL BLACK HOLES
Authors: GUARIENTO D. C. , HORVATH J. E.
Published: August 2010

We study the evolution of a primordial black hole (PBH) taking into account the presence of dark energy modeled by a general perfect fluid. In the specific case of a stationary non-self-gravitating test fluid, the competition between radiation accretion, Hawking evaporation and the accretion of such a fluid has been studied in detail. The evaporation of PBHs is quite modified at late times by these effects. We address further generalizations of this scenario to consider other types of fluids, and point out early developments of a nonstationary accretion model.
PARAMETRIC COUPLING MODEL: RECENT ADVANCES
Authors: MARRANGHELLO G. F. , PROVIDÊNCIA C. , DOS SANTOS A. M. S.
Published: August 2010

We review the properties of the parametric coupling model and analyze its results when considering neutron star observations and heavy-ion collision experiments, specially those concerning the isospin characteristics of symmetric and asymmetric nuclear matter. By the end of the analysis, we are able to constrain the free parameters to a very small range of acceptable values.
QUARK MATTER NUCLEATION IN NEUTRON STARS
Authors: BOMBACI I.
Published: August 2010

We study the quark deconfinement phase transition in cold (T = 0) and hot β-stable hadronic matter. Assuming a first-order phase transition, we calculate and compare the nucleation rate and the nucleation time due to thermal and quantum nucleation mechanisms. We show that above a threshold value of the central pressure a pure hadronic star (HS) is metastable to the conversion to a quark star (QS) (i.e. hybrid star or strange star). We introduce the concept of critical mass M cr for cold HSs and proto-hadronic stars, and the concept of limiting conversion temperature for proto-hadronic stars. We show that proto-hadronic stars with a mass M < M cr could survive the early stages of their evolution without decaying to QSs. Finally, we discuss the possible evolutionary paths of proto-hadronic stars.
ENERGY LOCALIZATION FOR DILATONIC BLACK HOLE GEOMETRIES WITH A PURE MONOPOLE FIELD
Authors: RADINSCHI I. , GRAMMENOS T.
Published: August 2010

The energy distribution of black holes with a dilaton and a pure monopole field is calculated by using Møller's energy–momentum complex. The four-dimensional space–times considered are static, spherically symmetric and asymptotically flat, exact solutions stemming from an action that besides gravity contains a dilaton field and a pure monopole field. The resulting "hairy" black holes have an essential singularity at the origin and two horizons. The energy obtained depends on the value of the dilaton field, the monopole charge and the ADM mass. All the momenta vanish for the space–time geometries considered.
FORMATION OF DARK MATTER HALOES IN A HOMOGENEOUS DARK ENERGY UNIVERSE
Authors: MARASSI L.
Published: August 2010

Several independent cosmological tests have shown evidences that the energy density of the universe is dominated by a dark energy component, which causes the present accelerated expansion. The large scale structure formation can be used to probe dark energy models, and the mass function of dark matter haloes is one of the best statistical tools to perform this study. We present here a statistical analysis of mass functions of galaxies under a homogeneous dark energy model, proposed in the work of Percival (2005), using an observational flux-limited X-ray cluster survey, and CMB data from WMAP. We compare, in our analysis, the standard Press–Schechter (PS) approach (where a Gaussian distribution is used to describe the primordial density fluctuation field of the mass function), and the PL (power–law) mass function (where we apply a non-extensive q-statistical distribution to the primordial density field). We conclude that the PS mass function cannot explain at the same time the X-ray and the CMB data (even at 99% confidence level), and the PS best fit dark energy equation of state parameter is ω = -0.58, which is distant from the cosmological constant case. The PL mass function provides better fits to the HIFLUGCS X-ray galaxy data and the CMB data; we also note that the ω parameter is very sensible to modifications in the PL free parameter, q, suggesting that the PL mass function could be a powerful tool to constrain dark energy models.
PROTO-NEUTRON STAR FORMATION WITH DELTA-RESONANCE MATTER AND TRAPPED NEUTRINOS
Authors: OLIVEIRA J. C. T. , SOUZA A. G. , DUARTE S. B. , RODRIGUES H.
Published: August 2010

In the present work we study the equation of state for asymmetric hadronic matter, to be applied in neutron star structure calculation. The delta-rich hadronic stellar matter condensate is studied in the context of mean-field approximation in an extended Walecka's theory version, including the Rarita–Schwinger 3/2-spinor to the hadronic sector. The leptonic sector is also incorporated in beta-equilibrium to the dense stelar medium composition. The role of neutrino trapping for the the formed photo-neutron structure including delta matter in its composition is discussed.
GEOMETRIC DUALITY AND CHERN–SIMONS MODIFIED GRAVITY
Authors: CABRAL L. A.
Published: August 2010

We consider a theory which involves an extension of general relativity known as Chern–Simons modified gravity (CSMG). In this theory the standard Einstein–Hilbert action is extended with a gravitational Pontryagin density that is obtained from a divergence of a Chern–Simons topological current. The extended theory has the standard Schwarzchild metric as solution, however, only a perturbed Kerr metric holds solution. From the exact Kerr metric we construct dual metrics to search for rotating black hole solutions. The conditions on the Killing tensors associated with dual metrics entail nontrivial solutions to CSMG.
GLUEBALL-QUARKONIA MIXTURE IN THE f0(1710) DECAY
Authors: DA SILVA M. L. L. , DA SILVA D. T. , DE QUADROS J. N. , VASCONCELLOS C. A. Z. , HADJIMICHEF D.
Published: August 2010

In this work, we use a mapping technique, the Fock–Tani formalism, in order to obtain an effective Hamiltonian starting from microscopic interaction. An additional effect is manifest in this formalism associated to the extended nature of mesons: bound-state corrections. In this approach we evaluate a glueball-quarkonia mixture decay, and as an example, the f0(1710) → ωω decay, shall be considered in this context.
GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE OF HOMOGENEOUS SPHEROIDS
Authors: RODRIGUES H. , PORTES D. , DUARTE S. B.
Published: August 2010

We present a simplified description of the gravitational collapse of a uniformly rotating neutron stellar core, which can represent the final stage of the protoneutron star formed after the supernova type II explosion. The system is treated as a compressible homogeneous spheroid and the collapse time-evolution is extracted from an effective Lagrangian description of the system geometric parameters. A sudden mass quadripole change of the system at the final stage of the collapse is shown during the core bounce.
COMPACT STARS IN HADRON AND QUARK-HADRON MODELS
Authors: SCHRAMM S. , DEXHEIMER V. A.
Published: August 2010

We investigate strongly interacting dense matter and neutron stars using a flavor-SU(3) approach based on a nonlinear realization of chiral symmetry. We study chiral symmetry restoration and the equation of state of stellar matter and determine neutron star properties using different sets of degrees of freedom. Finally, we include quarks in the model approach. We show the resulting phase diagram as well as hybrid star solutions for this model.
NEUTRINO CAPTURE INDUCED SUPERNOVA EXPLOSIONS
Authors: STROTHER T. , BAUER W.
Published: August 2010

Motivated by the success of kinetic theory in the description of observables in intermediate and high energy heavy-ion collisions, we use kinetic theory to model the dynamics of core collapse supernovae. The specific way that we employ kinetic theory to solve the relevant transport equations allows us to explicitly model the propagation of neutrinos and a full ensemble of nuclei and treat neutrino–matter interactions in a very general way. With these abilities, our simulations have observed dynamics that may prove to be an entirely new neutrino capture induced supernova explosion mechanism.
VORTEX IN AXION CONDENSATE AS A DARK MATTER HALO
Authors: MIELCZAREK JAKUB , STACHOWIAK TOMASZ , SZYDŁOWSKI MAREK
Published: August 2010

We study the possibility of the vortex formation in axion condensates on the galactic scale. Such vortices can occur as a result of global rotation of the early universe. We study analytical models of vortices and calculate exemplary galaxy rotation curves. Depending on the setup it is possible to obtain a variety of shapes which give a good qualitative agreement with observational results. However, as we show, the extremely low velocity dispersions of the axion velocities are required to form the single vortex on the galactic scales. We find that the required velocity dispersion is of the order of σ≈10-12 ms-1. This is much smaller that predicted within the present understanding of the axion physics. The vortices in axion condensate can however be formed on the much smaller scales and give seeds to the galaxy formation and to their angular momenta. On the other hand, the vortices can be formed on the galactic scales, but only if the mass of the axion-like particles is of the order of 10-30 eV. In this case, the particle de Broglie wavelength is comparable with the galactic diameter. This condition must be fulfilled in order to keep the coherence of the quantum condensate on galactic scales.
A 5D NONCOMPACT KALUZA–KLEIN COSMOLOGY IN THE PRESENCE OF NULL PERFECT FLUID
Authors: FARAJOLLAHI HOSSEIN , AMIRI HAMED
Published: August 2010

For the description of the early inflation and acceleration expansion of the universe that are compatible with observational data, the 5D noncompact Kaluza–Klein cosmology is investigated. It is proposed that the 5D space is filled with a null perfect fluid, resulting in a perfect fluid in a 4D universe, plus one along the fifth dimension. By analyzing the reduced field equations for the flat FRW model, we show the early inflationary behavior and the current acceleration of the universe.
HURST COEFFICIENT IN LONG TIME SERIES OF POPULATION SIZE: MODEL FOR TWO PLANT POPULATIONS WITH DIFFERENT REPRODUCTIVE STRATEGIES
Authors: GARMENDIA ALFONSO , GARMENDIA LUIS , SALVADOR ADELA
Published: August 2010

Can the fractal dimension of fluctuations in population size be used to estimate extinction risk? The problem with estimating this fractal dimension is that the lengths of the time series are usually too short for conclusive results. This study answered this question with long time series data obtained from an iterative competition model. This model produces competitive extinction at different perturbation intensities for two different germination strategies: germination of all seeds vs. dormancy in half the seeds. This provided long time series of 900 years and different extinction risks. The results support the hypothesis for the effectiveness of the Hurst coefficient for estimating extinction risk.
FRACTALS, AVERAGE DISTANCE AND THE CANTOR SET
Authors: LEARY CHRISTOPHER C. , RUPPE DENNIS A. , HARTVIGSEN GREGG
Published: August 2010

The average distance between points of a fractal is proposed as a natural measure of the way in which the points of a fractal are distributed. The average distance between points of the Cantor Set is found to be [Formula: see text], the average distance between points of the Cantor p-set is [Formula: see text], and the average distance between points of the Fat Cantor p-set is [Formula: see text]. A general formula for computing the average distance between points of a self-similar set satisfying the open set condition is found.
THE ADDITIVE COLLAPSE
Authors: BAUDISCH ANDREAS
Published: August 2010

Summary. From known examples of theories T obtained by Hrushovski-constructions and of infinite Morley rank, properties are extracted, that allow the collapse to a finite rank substructure. The results are used to give a more model-theoretic proof of the existence of the new uncountably categorical groups in [3].
TOWARDS BRAIN-INSPIRED COMPUTING
Authors: GINGL ZOLTAN , KISH LASZLO B. , KHATRI SUNIL P.
Published: August 2010

We present introductory considerations and analysis toward computing applications based on the recently introduced deterministic logic scheme with random spike (pulse) trains [Phys. Lett. A373 (2009) 2338–2342]. Also, in considering the questions, "why random?" and "why pulses?", we show that the random pulse based scheme provides the advantages of realizing multivalued deterministic logic. Pulse trains are realized by an element called orthogonator. We discuss two different types of orthogonators, parallel (intersection-based) and serial (demultiplexer-based) orthogonators. The last one can be slower but it makes sequential logic design straightforward. We propose generating a multidimensional logic hyperspace [Phys. Lett. A373 (2009) 1928–1934] by using the zero-crossing events of uncorrelated Gaussian electrical noises available in the chips. The spike trains in the hyperspace are non-overlapping, and are referred to as neuro-bits. To demonstrate this idea, we generate three-dimensional hyperspace bases using the zero-crossing events of two uncorrelated Gaussian noise sources. In such a scenario, the detection of different hyperspace basis elements may have vastly differing delays. We show that it is possible to provide an identical speed for the detection of all the hyperspace bases elements using correlated noise sources, and demonstrate this for the two neuro-bits situation. The key impact of this paper is to demonstrate that a logic design approach using such neuro-bits can yield a fast, low power and environmental variation tolerant means of designing computer circuitry. It also enables the realization of multivalued logic, and also significantly increasing the complexity of computer circuits by allowing several neuro-bits to be transmitted on a single wire.
EXPLOITING IMAGE CONTENT IN LOCATION-BASED SHOPPING RECOMMENDER SYSTEMS FOR MOBILE USERS
Authors: OLUGBARA O. O. , OJO S. O. , MPHAHLELE M. I.
Published: August 2010

This paper demonstrates how image content can be used to realize a location-based shopping recommender system for intuitively supporting mobile users in decision making. Generic Fourier Descriptors (GFD) image content of an item was extracted to exploit knowledge contained in item and user profile databases for learning to rank recommendations. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to automatically select a query item from a user profile. Single Criterion Decision Ranking (SCDR) and Multiple-Criteria Decision-Ranking (MCDR) techniques were compared to study the effect of multidimensional ratings of items on recommendations effectiveness. The SCDR and MCDR techniques are, respectively, based on Image Content Similarity Score (ICSS) and Relative Ratio (RR) aggregating function. Experimental results of a real user study showed that an MCDR system increases user satisfaction and improves recommendations effectiveness better than an SCDR system.
THE IMPACT OF ANALYTICAL SUPPORT AND PREFERENCE DETERMINATION ON CONSISTENCY IN E-NEGOTIATIONS — A NEW METHOD AND PRELIMINARY RESULTS
Authors: FILZMOSER MICHAEL , RIOS JESUS , STRECKER STEFAN , VETSCHERA RUDOLF
Published: August 2010

This paper explores whether the decisions made by a negotiator during negotiations are consistent with her preferences. By considering the entire set of offers exchanged during a negotiation, the measures of consistency developed in this paper provide a compact representation of important behavioral characteristics throughout the negotiation process.

The consistency measures developed in this paper are validated with data from an experimental study in which the impact of two factors on negotiation processes is studied: the availability of analytical support and imposed vs. elicited preferences. We find that negotiators behave more consistently when preferences are assigned to them by the experimenters than when their preferences are elicited. On the other hand, an impact of analytical support is only found when preferences are elicited. These results shed light on both the design of negotiation experiments and the development of negotiation support systems.
A NOTE ON SMOOTH NUMBERS IN SHORT INTERVALS
Authors: MATOMÄKI KAISA
Published: August 2010

We prove that, for any ∊ > 0, there exists a constant C > 0 such that the interval [Formula: see text] contains numbers whose all prime factors are smaller than [Formula: see text].
AN ELEMENTARY PROOF OF THE CONDUCTOR-DISCRIMINANT FORMULA
Authors: VILLA-SALVADOR GABRIEL
Published: August 2010

For a finite abelian extension K/ℚ, the conductor-discriminant formula establishes that the absolute value of the discriminant of K is equal to the product of the conductors of the elements of the group of Dirichlet characters associated to K. The simplest proof uses the functional equation for the Dedekind zeta function of K and its expression as the product of the L-series attached to the various Dirichlet characters associated to K. In this paper, we present an elementary proof of this formula considering first K contained in a cyclotomic number field of pn-roots of unity, where p is a prime number, and in the general case, using the ramification index of p given by the group of Dirichlet characters.
泉州城郊“巴厘华人村”：
Authors: 陈志明  , 丁毓玲
Published: August 2010

在1960年代，福建泉州作为中国侨乡，被安排创建了三个华侨农场，以接收这一时期从东南亚，尤其是印尼、越南的难侨。绝大多数归侨安置的农场所在地不是他们祖先的家乡，而且由于气候的不同，尤其是语言、饮食等等的习惯不同于农场周围的本地人，他们一下子迷失在回“家乡”的想象中。经过短暂的挣扎和调整，他们面对现实，成为中国政府编制内的农民。除了和当地的农民一样，按照当时的集体制农业生产的计工分方式农作外，他们的生活圈子相对独立。华侨农场和他们的生活区就是他们的“居住地家乡”，被当地人称为泉州的“小南洋”，有东南亚特色的饮食，也有操印尼国语、爪哇语、巴厘语的人们。本世纪初，由于政府体制改革，归侨心中的“组织” — 农场解体了，华侨农场从此退出了历史舞台，归侨们再次迷失在“居住地家乡”中。

本文以泉州郊区双阳华侨农场的南山 — 安置印尼巴厘岛归侨的社区为例，讨论华侨农场归侨的文化适应、家乡怀思，以及华侨农场改制后归侨的生存状态和文化保持，同时还讨论归侨的“家乡”概念。
论中国归侨侨眷权益保护法的合适性和应对策略
Authors: 刘国福
Published: August 2010

随着中国的社会和经济发展，归侨侨眷群体的特殊性越来越不明显，公民权益保障方面的法律越来越健全。1990年《归侨侨眷权益保护法》（2000年修正）及其《实施办法》的法律基础当中，“海外关系、做出重大贡献、弱势、履行更多义务”等条件已经越来越不稳定，其基本原则 — “一视同仁、不得歧视、根据特点、适当照顾”的生存环境和实施效果遇到了重大挑战。民族国家理论、国际侨民权益保护的实践、权利理论均对现行归侨侨眷权益保护法的合理性提出了严峻的挑战。归侨侨眷权益保护法面临着涅槃或衰落的抉择，实现涅槃的可能选择是：吸收先进的侨务研究和权益保护研究的成果，突出一视同仁、不得歧视，强调平等对待，逐步淡化乃至适时取消根据特点、适当照顾，转向促进融合，增加一般性法律中关于归侨侨眷的内容，以及制定《归侨侨眷融合促进法》取代现行的《归侨侨眷权益保护法》等。
CCK-independent mTORC1 activation during dietary protein-induced exocrine pancreas growth
Authors: Crozier Stephen J. , Sans M. Dolors , Wang Jackie Y. , Lentz Stephen I. , Ernst Stephen A. , Williams John A.
Published: August 2010

Dietary protein can stimulate pancreatic growth in the absence of CCK release, but there is little data on the regulation of CCK-independent growth. To identify mechanisms whereby protein stimulates pancreatic growth in the absence of CCK release, C57BL/6 control and CCK-null male mice were fed normal-protein (14% casein) or high-protein (75% casein) chow for 7 days. The weight of the pancreas increased by 32% in C57BL/6 mice and 26% in CCK-null mice fed high-protein chow. Changes in pancreatic weight in control mice were due to both cell hypertrophy and hyperplasia since there was an increase in protein-to-DNA ratio, total DNA content, and DNA synthesis. In CCK-null mice pancreatic growth was almost entirely due to hypertrophy with both protein-to-DNA ratio and cell size increasing without significant increases in DNA content or DNA synthesis. ERK, calcineurin, and mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) are activated in models of CCK-induced growth, but there were no differences in ERK or calcineurin activation between fasted and fed CCK-null mice. In contrast, mTORC1 activation was increased after feeding and the duration of activation was prolonged in mice fed high-protein chow compared with normal-protein chow. Changes in pancreatic weight and RNA content were completely inhibited, and changes in protein content were partially abated, when the mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin was administered during high-protein chow feeding. Prolonged mTORC1 activation is thus required for dietary protein-induced pancreatic growth in the absence of CCK.
Heat stress attenuates the increase in arterial blood pressure during the cold pressor test
Authors: Cui Jian , Shibasaki Manabu , Low David A. , Keller David M. , Davis Scott L. , Crandall Craig G.
Published: August 2010

The mechanisms by which heat stress impairs the control of blood pressure leading to compromised orthostatic tolerance are not thoroughly understood. A possible mechanism may be an attenuated blood pressure response to a given increase in sympathetic activity. This study tested the hypothesis that whole body heating attenuates the blood pressure response to a non-baroreflex-mediated sympathoexcitatory stimulus. Ten healthy subjects were instrumented for the measurement of integrated muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), heart rate, sweat rate, and forearm skin blood flow. Subjects were exposed to a cold pressor test (CPT) by immersing a hand in an ice water slurry for 3 min while otherwise normothermic and while heat stressed (i.e., increase core temperature ∼0.7°C via water-perfused suit). Mean responses from the final minute of the CPT were evaluated. In both thermal conditions CPT induced significant increases in MSNA and MAP without altering heart rate. Although the increase in MSNA to the CPT was similar between thermal conditions (normothermia: Δ14.0 ± 2.6; heat stress: Δ19.1 ± 2.6 bursts/min; P = 0.09), the accompanying increase in MAP was attenuated when subjects were heat stressed (normothermia: Δ25.6 ± 2.3, heat stress: Δ13.4 ± 3.0 mmHg; P < 0.001). The results demonstrate that heat stress can attenuate the pressor response to a sympathoexcitatory stimulus.