bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DETERMINANTS OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS LISTED AT NSE IN KENYA
Authors: Ndungu Kenneth Njihia , Bosire Joshua
Published: November 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the determinants of financial performance of NSE listed commercial banks in Kenya.

Methodology: A descriptive study design attributed to a census approach aiming at the eleven listed commercial banks in Kenya was applied. The research relied on secondary data obtained from the audited financial statements of the said banks to create the correlation between the research variables. The information on the financial effecting of the listed banks was collected using a data collection matrix. The data was analyzed by the assistance of SPSS and the outcome presented in tables using statistical aspects, which include means and standard deviations.

Results: The study established that government securities (r = 0.680) had a positive and strong correlation with financial performance. Similarly, Real estate (r = 0.738), Loans (r = 0.922) and, stocks (r=.469) had a positive and weak correlation with financial performance. The findings of study show loans (p=0.000) was most significant, followed by funds allocated to Government securities at p=0.149 then by funds allocated to stocks (p=.850) and least significant was real estate financing at p=0.972 at 95% confidence level.  The findings show that there was a strong positive correlation (r=0.926) between Funds allocation and financial performance of commercial banks, according to the findings, 85.7% of financial performance of commercial banks could be attributed to the funds allocation to various assets. Adding another variable say, x5 will lower the strength of the model from 85.7 % to 84.6 %. 

Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends that listed commercial banks should diversify their real estate finance schemes to make it reachable to more customers since real estate had a significant effect of their financial performance. A study should be conducted on other variables such as inflation, exchange rates and interest rates fluctuations. A study should also be conducted to investigate the low yield of investment in loans in contrast to investment in government securities
Multi-objective optimization of an industrial styrene reactor using Harmony Search Algorithm
Authors: Shukla Saurabh , Anand Ankit
Published: November 2020

Multi-objective optimization of industrial styrene reactor is done using Harmony Search algorithm. Harmony search algorithm is a recently developed meta-heuristic algorithm which is inspired by musical improvisation process aimed towards obtaining the best harmony. Three objective functions – productivity, selectivity and yield are optimized to get best combination of decision variables for styrene reactor. All possible cases of single and multi-objective optimization have been considered. Pareto optimal sets are obtained as a result of the optimization study. Results reveal that optimized solution using harmony search algorithm gives better operating conditions than industrial practice.
Drainage Morphology Approach For Water Resources Development of Sub Watershed in Krishna Basin
Authors: Zende Abhijit M. , NAGRAJAN R.
Published: November 2020

The morphometric analysis of study area has been carried out using Arc GIS software. The study area covers 3035 sq.km. The drainage network was delineated using SOI topographical map of no. 47 K – 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 47 L - 9 on the scale 1:50,000. Morphological characterized of the drainage line as appear in shape ,size, number, order, length, Dd, Sf, Rb, Fs, T, Rc are derived to trace its usefulness for surface development . The present study involves Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis technique to evaluate and compare linear relief and aerial morphometry of Yerala watershed of Krishna River. Yerala watershed is basically 7th order drainage and is mainly dendritic to sub dendritic. Drainage density and texture of the drainage basin is 6.89 km/km2, 18.60 respectively. The drainage frequency of Yerala watersheds is 1.96 where as the bifurcation ratio ranges from 2 to 11. Hence from the study it can be conclude that GIS technique proves to be competent tool in morphometric analysis.
Philosophical Review on the Basic & Action Research Methods-A Critical Analysis
Authors: M.D. Pradeep
Published: November 2020

Research means searching for knowledge by utilizing appropriate scientific and systematic approach. It presumes the status of human voyage for the discovery by exploring ones inquisitive urge to gain knowledge over the unidentified aspects connected to life. Research aim to acquire new knowledge or expansion of existing information through some value additions. Varied forms of research methods are adopted to find appropriate solutions for diversified problems of the society. The decision on the application of Basic and Applied research can be better done on the scrutiny of nature of prevailing problem and its solutions. Knowledge domain would get stagnated unless new practical discoveries are conducted with the help of applied research. Even though all basic research will not lead to create new knowledge, it certainly helps to identify new application for conducting applied research on the existing problems by providing required tools and raw materials for the study intern deliver utilitarian benefits to the society. This study puts light on the implications of basic as well as applied research methodologies by reviewing into its evolution, features, steps, merits and demerits. It also tries to distinguish between basic research and applied research focusing upon its utility aspects.
Changing Trends of Divorce in India: Issues & Concerns
Authors: Vincent Pinto , D’Mello Laveena
Published: November 2020

Few years ago, divorce was considered as one of the rare social phenomena in the Indian context. As the society started taking a new shape due to modernization and technological advancement, the rigid boundaries governing traditional Indian life began to replace with the new outlook as well as lifestyle. It gave a momentum when women took up employment that increased the incompatibility of gender because of the change in the position of women. Further, changing demographic contexts from rural lifestyle to city or metros,shift from extended family system to nuclear family, selection of spouse in contrary to arranged marriage are the features of changed scenario in India. In a modern society, dissolution of marriage derives from the idea that living an independent life is better than keeping marriages in terms of personal welfare. This article draws on the issues and concerns of marriages due to the changing scenario in socio-cultural life, technological outburst through social media and other forms media, influence of west, etc that has challenged the durability of the marriages in India. The aim of this study is to examine the recent trends on divorce. And the objectives are to know the socio-cultural factors that influence on the divorce rates and to suggest possible strategies for reducing or solve the problems of divorce in the family. 50 male and 50 female respondents studied in detail in this research study.
Social Media – Effects on the Psychological Health of Adolescence
Authors: D’Mello Laveena , Monteiro Meena
Published: November 2020

Social media seems to play an imperative part of people lives around the world. The adolescence use Facebook, YouTube, Google, and many others social media and which will make them full busy all the time and to waste their more productive time which can be utilized in doing physical exercise, their school education and studies, and to developing hidden talent. Adolescents are the future citizens and have to focus on their future goal. The research study focuses on the psychological health of the adolescence based on social media which lead to bring change in their behaviour. Adolescence period begins with the physiologically puberty and ends with adult identity. The adolescence starts during the period between 13 years to 19 years. The period of adolescence is considered as crucial and significant period of an individual’s life. Psychologically, adolescence is the period when the individual becomes integrated into society. It also includes profound intellectual changes. The main aim of this research study is to understand the impact of the social media on the psychological health of adolescences and the objectives are; to understand the positive and negative effects of social media, and also to assess the effect of social media on their psychological health. The sample size of the study includes 50 respondents of age 13 to 19 years from Mangalore Taluk. The sample was selected through the random sample method. The findings of the study say 96% of the adolescents are more adventurous, 34% of the rarely disturbing thoughts, 50% not at all become preoccupied, 20% of them have a behavioural difference like anger, and 38% are using social media for enjoyments.
Role of Police in the Criminal Justice System of Bangladesh: Need for Reformation
Authors: Islam Sunjida
Published: November 2020

Police and their functions are very important in criminology. Because it is the principal duty of the police to arrest criminals and conduct them until the conclusion of trial for preventing crime. Police are legally authorized to use force and other means of coercion to execute public and social order. The basic knowledge of crime and criminology is must for the police and that’s why almost in every country of the world has a criminology division for police. And police are manually trained for the knowledge of criminology. It is true that an honest, sincere and effective police force can ensure a happy and peaceful society. Although it is not possible for the police to reduce crime from society completely but it can be controlled and retained in a satisfactory stage. Otherwise, trick, corrupted, unlettered and disingenuous police force can give facilities to the criminals and make the life of the general citizens miserable. This study has an assertion and provided some recommendations to the knowledge of criminology for police and to reform the police system in Bangladesh. This article provides strategic policy guidance for the police personnel.
Child Welfare – Measures to Combat Violation, Exploitation, & Abuse
Authors: M.D. Pradeep , S.K. Saumya
Published: November 2020

Biologically, Child falls within the state of human development in between the stages of birth and puberty below the age of 14 years of age. Child is a gift of almighty which need to be nurtured, cared, respected, loved and protected. The children during their tender age require abundant care, love and affection from their parents, relatives and friends. Almost 40 percent approximately 440 million of Indian population comprises of children. Small children are the victims of erroneous offenses including Child Labour, Rape, Sexual Exploitation, Forced Marriage, Torture, Kidnapping, Negligence, Deprivation, etc. The violation of Child Rights in the name of tradition, religion, gender, class, caste, race and reputation causes physical or mental injury or even death of innocent children. Many children are frequently subjected to physical or sexual abuses at home, school, and society. Child Right falls within the ambit of Human Rights for food, basic needs, education, health care, identity and freedom of children. Child Protection shall be emphasized within the policy framework of both Central and State Government. Child Welfare is possible through the collective efforts of Police, social workers, health care professionals, local authorities, volunteers and general public. This paper describes about various problems faced by the children, child welfare schemes implemented in the multifaceted areas, statutory protection and various efforts to combat violence, discrimination, neglect, abuse and exploitation against children in India.
English Language Teacher’s Professional Attitude and Classroom Management Parameters
Authors: Khan Erum
Published: November 2020

English language learning in the context of secondary and higher secondary schools in Pakistan has always been challenging to students and parents alike. This study aimed to explore the classroom management skills and strategies of English language teachers in the capital city of Karachi. Teacher’s motivation stimulates appropriate behavior that ensures teacher’s performance of their duties. This study followed qualitative methods’ parameters to explore the natural phenomena of the participant’s perceptions and experiences. The study was conducted in 15 secondary schools located in Karachi, Pakistan. The findings has shown that further learning opportunities of ELT learning, interaction and exchange of ideas globally, students’ participation in EL learning activities, professional education and in-service trainings are the most influenced motivational factors of secondary schools English Language teachers. Availability of ELT materials, respect from department officers, colleagues, society and parents and demand from students were found necessary skills to operate classrooms apart from professional content knowledge.
Service Products and Brand Determination Strategy
Authors: Liloca Mendeca , Stewart Simone
Published: November 2020

This study purpose to understand the service products and brand determination sttrategy. This study discusses products and services, classification of products and services, brand determination strategy and marketing services. Choosing a brand name involves finding the best brand name based on a careful review of the benefits of the product, the target market, and the proposed marketing strategy. service marketing that need to be known in service marketing, namely: Intangibillty (intangible), Inseparability (cannot be separated), Variabillity/heterogeneity (changeable), Perishabbility (not durable).
Future of E-Waste Management: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Gupta Sakshi
Published: November 2020

E waste management has been an urgency puzzle to many countries since they compassed of a variety of organic substances like heavy metals like cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury plastic, which a very harmful for human and environment today the millions of people working in unorganized sector of E-waste disposal consisting of a valuable materials like gold, silver, copper.. There is no awareness regarding E-waste in many of the countries. This is causing environmental degradation, public health issues, shatter factories, unskilled people, lack of knowledge and awareness is the major problem. We are not conscious about E waste and its aftermath. We should initiate a mission regarding awareness of E-waste what we can do is, online awareness campaign, hording, wall writing, advertisement. We should find solutions for E-waste project. E-waste recycling, servicing, remanufacturing, upstream reduction of E-waste generation through, green design and cleaner production is gaining much attention. E-waste production due to facility and sometimes non-existent data production in the same alert was production in the same alert was 20-25 million tons per year. A more report released by 7 the unfed. In July 2009 has show stunning global facts indicating rapidly growing generation of E-waste are of growing importance. Scholarly articles future of e waste management challenge and opportunities. An economy assignment of present and future e-waste cucchiella cited by 410. The increasing solid waste through zero waste song City by 244 and opportunity for sustainable management Cruz sotelo-citey by 18.
DESIGN AND MANUFACTURE CHASSIS AND BODY OF SIMPLE GOKART USING AUTOMATIC CLUTCH AND 7.5 HP ENGINE POWER
Authors: N. Nazaruddin  , Dedy Masnur  , Erwin Ardiansyah
Published: November 2020

Go-kart is a variant of a simple and small open-roof four-wheeled vehicle for motor sports. Go-kart usually races on small scale circuits. Go-kart racing is usually considered a stepping stone for motor sports that are higher and more expensive. The design of the karts is carried out by mechanical engineering students of the University of Riau based on the size of karts in general. The chassis is made of pipe with ASTM A53 pipe specifications with a tensile strength of 240 MPa with a dimension of length of 6.22 meters, an outer diameter of 33.40 mm and an inner diameter of 30.02 mm. Body building is done with fiber with a catalyst mixture ratio of 1:45. The process of painting with a ratio of primers and hardeners is 1: 4, and clear and hardener 4: 1. A kart with a chassis mass of 7.09 kg and a passenger of 70 kg has been produced, with dimensions of length 1100 mm, width of 610 mm, and distance between axes of 1050 mm. This karting uses the 1994 Astra grand engine with 7.5 HP of power, 6000 rpm rotation and 20 kg mass. The transmission system used is a double automatic type.
PENGARUH PERUBAHAN DIAMETER PERMUKAAN GUN TIP PADA PROSES SPOT WELDING TERHADAP KUALITAS SIFAT MEKANIK NUGGET WELD DI PT. XYZ
Authors: Rohman  , Dede Abdi Rajab  , Arif Rahman
Published: November 2020

Proses spot welding merupakan teknik pengelasan yang banyak digunakan pada manufacture otomotive. Salah atu keutamaannya untuk menghasilkan kualitas produk yang terjamin dan rapih, adapun permasaahan yang diakibatkan dari proses spot welding ialah spot lose atau pengelasan yang tidak menempel.Untuk mengetahui permasalahan spot lose ada beberapa faktor yang berkaitan, diantaranya parameter spot welding, proses pengerjaan, diameter ujung gun tip, material part dan sirkulasi pendinginan. Pengujian dilakukan dengan memvariasikan jumlah pengelasan yang ke 1, 100, 200, 300, 400 dan 500 kali pengelasan. Material yang digunakan low steel JIS S 20C, parameter disesuaikan dengan standar pemakaian. Pengujian dilakukan untuk mengetahui sifat mekanik dari nugget weld diantaranya pengujian tarik dan pengujian kekerasan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi jumlah pengelasan berpengaruh pada diameter ujung gun tip, sehingga pembesaran pada ujung diameter gun tip mempengaruhi luas alas diameter nugget weld, pada pengelasan yang ke 1 menghasilkan UTS tegangan geser paling besar yaitu 27,30 kg/mm2 dan kekerasan pada daerah las sebesar 38 HRC, sedangkan pada pengelasan yang ke 500 menghasilkan penurunan UTS tegangan geser hingga 10,67 kg/mm2 dan kekerasan pada daerah las sebesar 39 HRC.
Ideas and perspectives: A strategic assessment of methane and nitrous oxide measurements in the marine environment
Authors: Wilson Samuel T. , Al-Haj Alia N. , Bourbonnais Annie , Frey Claudia , Fulweiler Robinson W. , Kessler John D. , Marchant Hannah K. , Milucka Jana , Ray Nicholas E. , Suntharalingam Parvadha , Thornton Brett F. , Upstill-Goddard Robert C. , Weber Thomas S. , Arévalo-Martínez Damian L. , Bange Hermann W. , Benway Heather M. , Bianchi Daniele , Borges Alberto V. , Chang Bonnie X. , Crill Patrick M. , del Valle Daniela A. , Farías Laura , Joye Samantha B. , Kock Annette , Labidi Jabrane , Manning Cara C. , Pohlman John W. , Rehder Gregor , Sparrow Katy J. , Tortell Philippe D. , Treude Tina , Valentine David L. , Ward Bess B. , Yang Simon , Yurganov Leonid N.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. In the current era of rapid climate change, accurate
characterization of climate-relevant gas dynamics – namely production,
consumption, and net emissions – is required for all biomes, especially those
ecosystems most susceptible to the impact of change. Marine environments
include regions that act as net sources or sinks for numerous climate-active
trace gases including methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). The
temporal and spatial distributions of CH4 and N2O are controlled
by the interaction of complex biogeochemical and physical processes. To
evaluate and quantify how these mechanisms affect marine CH4 and
N2O cycling requires a combination of traditional scientific
disciplines including oceanography, microbiology, and numerical modeling.
Fundamental to these efforts is ensuring that the datasets produced by
independent scientists are comparable and interoperable. Equally critical is
transparent communication within the research community about the technical
improvements required to increase our collective understanding of marine
CH4 and N2O. A workshop sponsored by Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry (OCB)
was organized to enhance dialogue and collaborations pertaining to
marine CH4 and N2O. Here, we summarize the outcomes from the
workshop to describe the challenges and opportunities for near-future
CH4 and N2O research in the marine environment.
Will UK peatland restoration reduce dissolved organic matter concentrations in upland drinking water supplies?
Authors: Williamson Jennifer , Evans Christopher , Spears Bryan , Pickard Amy , Chapman Pippa J. , Feuchtmayr Heidrun , Leith Fraser , Monteith Don
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Rising dissolved organic matter (DOM) concentrations, and associated increases in water colour, have posed a potential problem for the UK water industry since the phenomenon was first reported in the early 1990s. Elevated DOM concentrations in raw water are of particular concern in upland catchments dominated by organic soils where DOM production tends to be highest. In recent years, water companies have considered the capacity for catchment interventions to improve raw water quality at source, relieving the need for costly and complex engineering solutions in treatment works, but there is considerable uncertainty around the effectiveness of these measures. One of the primary evidence gaps is the extent to which catchment management is capable of influencing DOM concentrations at the point of abstraction, field studies rarely extending beyond sub-catchment or stream scale. Our review of the published evidence suggests that catchment management could make a contribution to mitigating recent DOM increases in some circumstances, particularly where plantation forestry has been grown on peat, and where control of nutrients in runoff could reduce in-reservoir DOM production. Evidence for the efficacy of most other measures that target reductions in DOM loading for catchment to reservoir remains insufficient to support wider scale application. Collectively, these measures have the potential to reduce DOM concentrations in drinking water reservoirs but they must be selected on a site-specific basis, where the scale, effect size and duration of the catchment intervention are considered in relation to both the treatment capacity of the works and future projected DOM trends.
Are interactions important in estimating flood damage to economic entities?
Authors: Nortes Martínez David , Grelot Frédéric , Brémond Pauline , Farolfi Stefano , Rouchier Juliette
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Estimating flood damage, although crucial for assessing flood risk and for designing mitigation policies, continues to face numerous challenges, notably the assessment of indirect damage. It is widely accepted that damage other than direct damage can account for a significant proportion of total damage. Yet due to more scarce data sources and lack of knowledge on links within and between economic activities, indirect impacts have received less attention than direct impacts. Furthermore, attempts to grasp indirect damage through economic models have not gone below regional levels. Even though local communities can be devastated by flood events without this being reflected in regional accounts, few studies have been conducted from a microeconomic perspective at local level. What is more, the standard practices applied at this level of analysis tackle entities but ignore how they may be linked. This paper addresses these two challenges by building a novel agent-based model of a local agricultural production chain (a cooperative winemaking system), which is then used as a virtual laboratory for the ex-ante estimation of flood impacts. We show how overlooking existing interactions between economic entities in production chains can result in either overestimation (double counting) or underestimation (wrong estimation of the consequences for the activity) of flood damage. Our results also reveal that considering interactions requires thorough characterization of their spatial configuration.Based on both the application of our method and the results obtained, we propose balanced recommendations for flood damage estimation at local level.
Mapas de un futuro posible. Artefactos visuales en la construcción de una representación proyectiva sobre la Patagonia argentina (Bahía Blanca, 1940-1970)
Authors: López Pascual Juliana
Published: November 2020

Este trabajo reconstruye y analiza la producción de imágenes paisajísticas y cartográficas de la Patagonia argentina -ocurrida en Bahía Blanca a mediados del siglo XX- como parte del proceso sociocultural que buscaba consolidar una noción de centralidad de la localidad bonaerense sobre la región sureña. En este sentido, argumentaremos que la gráfica en cuestión se hizo eco de la primacía del sentido de la vista en las sociedades occidentales modernas y contribuyó a la conformación de una cultura visual articulada a la movilización de un amplio sector de la ciudadanía bahiense que, por diferentes vías, buscaba concretar una posición de hegemonía regional.
Traslaciones en el arte y la memoria: (Re)invención de los cuerpos de Ildefonso y Atilano (1260-1496)
Authors: Muñoz Gómez Elena
Published: November 2020

La Reinvención de 1496 en Zamora es una fiesta que propaga la legitimidad de los títulos de poder y la cohesión civil y eclesiástica en torno al culto de reliquias. En este texto se trata de entender las funciones políticas de la fiesta a través de obras literarias y plásticas de hagiografía. El discurso histórico y religioso de la celebración traza rutas de intercambios iconográficos que configuran una topografía geográfica, devocional, institucional, y un calendario festivo. Una vez establecida la relación de independencia de Zamora con el arzobispado Toledo, la advocación a este culto se extiende a Roma a través de las empresas del obispo promotor Diego Mélendez Valdés.
Avaliação do estado nutricional de idosos utilizando o índice de massa corporal e a mini avaliação nutricional
Authors: Bueno Jozélia Soares , Schmidt Leucinéia , Deon Rúbia Garcia , Volkweis Dionara Simoni Hermes
Published: November 2020

Os idosos podem apresentar alterações no estado nutricional. Este estudo objetivou avaliar o estado nutricional de idosos frequentadores de um grupo de convivência no município de Boa Vista das Missões – RS. Participaram 16 idosos do grupo Alegria de Viver, sendo que a maioria (81,3%) eram mulheres e tinham idade entre 61 e 79 anos. A avaliação do estado nutricional se deu partir do Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) e da Mini Avaliação Nutricional (MAN), além de um questionário com perguntas fechadas para a caracterização da amostra. Quanto ao estado civil, a maioria (62,5%) eram casados ou viviam com companheiros e 87,5% residiam com seus familiares. Através do IMC verificou-se que 56,3% apresentava sobrepeso. Já os resultados da MAN, demostraram que 50% apresentavam risco de desnutrição. Os dois métodos são válidos e muito utilizados na avaliação nutricional de idosos. Contudo, a MAN é considerada um método mais eficaz, pois leva em consideração outros fatores, como a ingestão alimentar.
Las víctimas y la política. Debates en torno al activismo feminista reciente
Authors: Vera Gajardo Sandra
Published: November 2020

Se presenta un debate teórico sobre las formas en que se ha expuesto la figura de “la víctima” en la política para, desde allí, situar la discusión en el activismo feminista de los últimos cinco años. Para este análisis, se discute desde distintos autores en torno a ejes como el lugar del sufrimiento social en la política contemporánea, la víctima desde un giro afectivo para entender la política y, finalmente, el problema de las víctimas como figuras políticas en el movimiento feminista con las controversias que a propósito de ello se han generado. Se concluye que es posible y necesaria una reflexión que aporte dinamismo a la figura de la víctima. El activismo feminista ha demostrado incorporar una dimensión performática que incorpora representaciones más complejas de la víctima, confirmando que no hay una semántica única de ella. Aquello plantea desafíos empíricos para desentrañar la profundidad de esta figura en la acción política reciente.
Efecto de bioinsumos en la dinámica poblacional de Bemicia tabaci (GEN) Liriomyza spp, EN EL cultivo de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum, L), San Isidro 2017-2018
Authors: Artola-Díaz Azahel Josué , Duarte-Herrera Michael Antonio , Raudez-Centeno Darwin , Estrada-Santana David Concepción
Published: November 2020

El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la efectividad de cinco tratamientos biológicos sobre el manejo de las plagas de Bemisia tabaci y Liriomyza spp. Estos fueron: Gliricidia sepium, Walpers, Paecilomyces fumosoroseus, Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, Azadiracta indica. Juss y un testigo convencional para efectos comparativos; fueron dispuestos en un diseño completamente aleatorio en terrenos del Centro de Desarrollo Tecnológico Hugo Chávez Frías, San Isidro, Nicaragua durante el periodo del segundo semestre del año 2017 y primer semestre del año 2018. Las variables estudiadas fueron: Número de adultos de Bemisia tabaci y Liriomyza spp por planta, incidencia y severidad de virosis, incidencia y severidad por daños provocados por Liriomyza spp, rendimiento comercial, presupuesto parcial, análisis de dominancia y tasa de retorno marginal. Los resultados indicaron que los tratamientos Beauveria bassiana y Metarhizium anisopliae son más eficientes en el control de adultos de mosca blanca; Paecilomyces fumosoroseus presentó los menores niveles de Liriomyza spp (0.5 adultos/planta), el testigo presentó niveles de incidencia inferiores al de los tratamientos para ambas plagas a los 15 y 45 días después del trasplante, además obtuvo el mayor rendimiento comercial de 31,477 kg/ha, seguido de Beauveria bassiana. Siendo este tratamiento donde se obtuvo el mayor porcentaje de retorno marginal (474%).
Computer analyses of New Zealand earthquake accelerograms - volume I
Authors: Beck J. L. , Randal P. M. , Hefford R. T.
Published: November 2020

The Engineering Seismology section of the Physics and Engineering Laboratory, DSIR, has recently published the above volume presenting the results of computer analyses of twenty, three-component, accelerograms recorded by the New Zealand Strong-Motion Network. It contains a brief introduction, three tables summarising the accelerogram characteristics, site information and earthquake information, and the results of the computer analyses. The results presented for each accelerogram begin with a heading page, followed by computer plots of acceleration, velocity and displacement histories, acceleration response spectra and Fourier amplitude spectra. The spectral values are also tabulated.
Profiting with Values: A Qualitative Approach to SMEs in the Informal Economy of Uganda’s Central Region
Authors: Kintu Ismail , Kiwala Yusuf , Buyinza Faizo
Published: November 2020

The study sought to establish the core values which influence SME profitability in Uganda’s informal economy. By employing a qualitative approach, interviews from twenty-five respondents were conducted. Data were analyzed by coding and networks with the help of the Atlas.ti 8 tool. The study findings indicate that: whereas the accounting profession defines profitability to be return on assets (ROA), return on investment (ROI), and return on equity (ROE), entrepreneurs in Uganda’s informal economy do not understand these traditional profit measurement criteria. Instead, they understand sales and expenses. Besides, fairness, respect, responsibility, and cleanliness were established as core values that catalyze SME sales. It is important for the government through the private-sector foundation and traders’ association to continuously train these entrepreneurs about financial matters. Also, the accounting professionals through the regulatory body may establish a wing that can help these informal traders in financial matters, the way the Uganda law society is approaching to help out vulnerable people who cannot afford the services of expensive lawyers.
Análisis de redes egocéntricas con R (I). Introducción a R
Authors: Vacca Raffaele
Published: November 2020

Este texto es el primero de una serie de cuatro que conjuntamente constituyen un taller sobre análisis de ego-redes (y/o redes personales) con R. El texto está acompañado por ficheros de datos y los scripts de lenguaje R necesarios para realizar las actividades propuestas.
Una mirada al estudio de las redes egocéntricas desde el enfoque de métodos mixtos y la teoría social
Authors: González Tinoco Elena
Published: November 2020

La obra Social network analysis for ego-nets pretende acercar al lector, no necesariamente experto en la materia, al estudio de las redes personales o egocéntricas, dibujando una secuencia de etapas en la investigación que abarca desde las bases conceptuales de las redes personales a aspectos relacionados con el diseño, la recogida y el análisis de datos. Los autores logran conducir hábilmente al lector a través de un entramado de contenidos en el que el nivel de dificultad va in crescendo a medida que se avanza en la lectura de los capítulos. En este sentido, el lenguaje poco técnico de las primeras secciones, que nos podría llevar a pensar que la obra va dirigida a un público que se inicia en el estudio de las redes personales, contrasta con la tecnicidad y la profundidad de los contenidos que se desarrollan con posterioridad.
Gastrointestinal symptoms in the course
of COVID-19
Authors: Jakubiak Grzegorz K. , Ochab-Jakubiak Józefina , Cieślar Grzegorz , Stanek Agata
Published: November 2020

COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, a betacoronavirus
comprised of single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA), the first time reported in December
2019 as pneumonia with unknown etiology in Wuhan City in China. It is a very important
current problem for public health worldwide. A typical clinical course includes dyspnoea,
dry cough and fever. In the presented paper we conducted the literature review and described
the most important facts within the current state of knowledge about symptomatology
and pathophysiology of gastrointestinal dysfunction in the course of COVID-19. Data about
prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms in the course of COVID-19 show wide divergence in
the cited literature. Generally, the most common reported digestive symptoms were loss of
appetite, nausea and vomiting. Liver injury in the course of COVID-19 is also an important
and not well understood problem. The virus has high affinity to cells containing angiotensin-
-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) protein. Digestive symptoms of COVID-19 may be associated with
ACE2 expression in epithelial cells in upper oesophagus, ileum and colon. Previous scientific
reports have elucidated the role of ACE2 in modulating intestinal inflammation and diarrhoea.
Neuroprotective Properties of Cannabinoids in Cellular and Animal Models: Hypotheses and Facts
Authors: D. Udovin Lucas , Aguilar Andrea , Kobiec Tamara , I. Herrera María , Perez Lloret Santiago , Toro Urrego Nicolás , A. Kölliker Frers Rodolfo
Published: November 2020

Progressive neuronal loss is a typical characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. In Parkinson’s disease, the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the basal ganglia results in impaired mobility and flawed muscle control. The loss of cholinergic neurons largely in the basal forebrain contributes to memory and attention deficits and the overall cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease. This being said, neuroprotective drugs should be expected to preserve and/or restore the functions affected by neuronal loss, and substantially prevent cell death. The endocannabinoid system, comprising lipid mediators able to bind to and activate cannabinoid receptors, has emerged as a therapeutic target of potential interest in a variety of central nervous system diseases. Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is one of the most important endocannabinoids, which has a key role in modulating oxidative stress and inflammatory response with neuroprotective potential in neurological disorders. Neurodegenerative diseases undergo varied, progressive stages. The current therapeutical approaches are beginning to fall short when it comes to meet the expected results, urging to either develop or identify or develop new effective treatments. This chapter discusses the neuroprotective potential of new drugs, aiming to shed some light on their proposed mechanism of action and their effect in cellular and animal models of neurodegeneration.
Performance Evaluation and Mechanism Study of a Silicone Hydrophobic Polymer for Improving Gas Reservoir Permeability
Authors: Zhang Jie , Yao Xu-Yang , Bai Bao-Jun , Ren Wang
Published: November 2020

The permeability of tight gas reservoirs is usually lower than 1 md. When the external fluids from drilling and completion processes invade such reservoirs, formation damage occurs and causes serious damage to oil and gas production. Fluorocarbon surfactants are most often recommended for removing such damage because they have extremely low surface tension, which means that they can change the reservoir wettability from water wet to gas or oil wet. However, they are not normally applied in the field because they are not cost-effective. Besides, some environmental concerns also restrict their application. In this work, we studied the effects of an oligomeric organosilicon surfactant (OSSF) on wettability modification, surface tension reduction, invasion of different fluids, and fluid flow back. It was found that the amount of spontaneous imbibition and remaining water could be reduced by the surfactant as a result of surface tension reduction and wettability alteration. Compared to the distilled water, the concentration of 0.20 wt% OSSF could decrease water saturation of cores by about 4%. At a flow-back pressure of 0.06 and 0.03 MPa after 20 PV displacement, permeability recovery could increase from 8 to 7–93% and 86%, respectively. We also found that the mechanism of OSSF includes the physical obstruction effect, surface tension reduction of external fluids, and wettability alteration of the reservoir generated. Meanwhile, quantum chemical calculations indicated that adsorbent layer of polydimethylsiloxane could decrease the affinity and adhesion of CH4 and H2O on the pore surface.
Cognitive Impairment in Chronic Lung Diseases
Authors: Tudorache Emanuela , Marc Monica , Traila Daniel , Manolescu Diana
Published: November 2020

The increase in life expectancy has been accompanied by an escalation of age-related disease incidence. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a decline of cognitive function higher than expected for a certain age, but not severe enough to meet the criteria for dementia. Hypoxemia, smoking history, ageing and several comorbidities are risk factors for both chronic respiratory diseases and cognitive deficit. Up to 70% of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) or idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) have a form of cognitive impairment. Furthermore, a low neuropsychological performance is an independent predictor of disability and mortality in these populations. Efficient tools for cognitive assessment have been validated for these patients and should be used for better clinical outcomes. The physiopathological mechanisms, clinical impact and prevention strategies for cognitive dysfunction in chronic respiratory diseases will be detailed in the following chapter.
In Vivo Studies of Protein Misfolding and Neurodegeneration Induced by Metabolic Syndrome Relative to Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion: A Critical Review
Authors: I. Herrera María , P. Luaces Juan , D. Udovin Lucas , Toro-Urrego Nicolás , Otero-Losada Matilde , Capani Francisco
Published: November 2020

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) leads to microvascular dysfunction and chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) in an insidious way. Clinical evidence and several rodent models have contributed to determining the neurodegenerative effect of a sustained decrease in cerebral blood flow (CBF). Protein misfolding and aggregation derived from CCH might account for the establishment of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the complex and multifactorial etiology of cerebrovascular disease demands the combination of experimental models in scientific research. In this sense, the present work aims at summarizing the differential available rodent paradigms for studying the establishment of cognitive decline resulting from protein misfolding induced by MetS in association with CCH. Revising experimental findings in the field will help further basic research on the pathophysiology of cerebrovascular disease and the future testing of protein-remodeling factors as neuroprotective agents for the prevention of cognitive impairment.
Investigation of the Gasoline Engine Performance and Emissions Working on Methanol-Gasoline Blends Using Engine Simulation
Authors: Iliev Simeon
Published: November 2020

The aim of this study is to develop the one-dimensional model of a four-cylinder, four-stroke, multi-point injection system SI engine and a direct injection system SI engine for predicting the effect of various fuel types on engine performances, specific fuel consumption, and emissions. Commercial software AVL BOOST was used to examine the engine characteristics for different blends of methanol and gasoline (by volume: 5% methanol [M5], 10% methanol [M10], 20% methanol [M20], 30% methanol [M30], and 50% methanol [M50]). The methanol-gasoline fuel blend results were compared to those of net gasoline fuel. The obtained results show that when methanol-gasoline fuel blends were used, engine performance such as power and torque increases and the brake-specific fuel consumption increases with increasing methanol percentage in the blended fuel.
Triple Pandemics
Authors: Ziarek Ewa Plonowska ,   DePaul University
Published: November 2020

This essay diagnoses systemic interconnections between COVID-19 pandemics, anti-Black racism, and the intensification of digital capitalism. By drawing on Charles Mills’ rectificatory justice and Hannah Arendt’s reflections on understanding and action, it argues that the role of philosophy lies in safeguarding racial justice and understanding against the hegemony algorithmic governmentality.
Symbolism in the Russian folk art (on the example of romantic ballads)
Authors: Vavilova Kseniya Yur'evna
Published: November 2020

The subject of this research is the symbols characteristic to the genre of folk ballade. The object of this research is lyrics of the Russian folk ballads. The following compilations of ballads served as the material for this research: “Russian Ballad” (edited By V. I. Chernyshev, N. p. Andreev, 1936), “Folk Ballads” (edited by D. M. Balashov, A. M. Astakhova, 1963), “Russian Folk Ballad” (edited by D. M. Balashov, 1983), “Ballads” (edited by B. P. Kirdan, 2001), “Epics. Historical Song. Ballads” (edited by A. V. Kulagina, V. A. Kovpaka, 2008). The author carefully examines the peculiarities of ballad symbolism and its functions. In the course of research, the following conclusions were formulated: consistency of the genre order depends on the presence of the system of artistic visual means; central in the poetics of ballad belongs to symbolism, parallelism, antithesis, epithets, and metaphors; symbolism in the romantic ballads is presented quite extensively; often a symbolic situation becomes a part of psychological parallelism presented in many ballad concepts; syntactic parallelism can be placed in any thematic link and amplifies by antithesis. In certain instances, antithesis appears an important technique for creating a tragic effect. Ballad poetics is subordinated to explication of the overall genre trend, including the reflection of fundamental universals and principles. The novelty of this work consists in the attempt of textual analysis of the major compilations of ballads, as well as in selection of the symbols for their further analysis within the framework of implementation of genre characteristics.
Criminal TV report: assessment methodology (on the example of the Republic of Buryatia)
Authors: Lenkhoboeva Tatiana Robertovna
Published: November 2020

This article attempts to develop methodology for assessing criminal TV reports. The subject of this research is the criteria for assessing the quality of criminal TV report. For conducting detailed assessment of criminal TV report, all criteria were divided into four groups: compliance with legal norms; observance of ethical standards; usage of legal terminology; and adherence to technological parameters. For the assessment of first criterion, all legal norms in criminal TV report can be divided into the following categories: appropriate coverage of investigation, coverage trial, and coverage of situation when the offender or the victim is a minor. In assessment of the parameter “usage of legal terminology", it is emphasized that the journalist should apply such terms as “suspect” and “offender” properly. In analysis of the third parameter, we author relies on the criteria proposed by S. A. Muratov. The questions of improvement of TV content, specifically with regards to criminal journalism, remain relevant. This described methodology would help to improve the forms of submission of the materials and heighten the interest of target audience of mass media. The research was conducted in several steps. Firstly, the author examined the structure of criminal content of Arig Us TV channel. Secondly, , carried out classification of criminal TV reports by topic. Thirdly, developed parameters and criteria for quality assessment of criminal TV reports. And finally, at the stage of testing, analyzed the quality of criminal TV reports. The methods used in the course of this research include classification, analysis, and paperwork.
APPLICATION OF THE DIRECT METHODS IN THE DETERMI-NATION OF THE SUPERSTRUCTURE OF HUANGHOITE
Authors: GU YUAN-XIN  , FAN HAI-FU  , QIAN JIN-ZI  , ZHENG CHAO-DE  , HAN FU-SEN  , XU ZHANG-BAO  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

In this paper, the essential features of the pseudo-symmetry in the superstructure of Huanghoite are discussed and the direct procedures of solving the superstructure are given in detail.
MOLECULAR THEORY OF LIQUID CRYSTALS
Authors: SHU CHANG-QING  , LIN LEI  ,   中国科学院物理研究所
Published: November 2020

Starting from a modified Kobayashi-McMillan hamiltonian, (1) phase diagrams of liquid crystals of long molecules are calculated in the mean field approximation; (2) orientation correlation functions are calculated; (3) magnetic birefringence experimental results (of Muta et al.) on homologous series are analysed and explained qualitatively for the first time; (4) apparent exponent △ is calculated and △ = 1.40 is obtained; (5) a new explanation of the even-odd effect of liquid crystals differing from that of Marcelja is proposed. The even-odd effect of supercooling temperature T* is calculated for the first time.
PRECISE MEASUREMENT OF THE POSITRON ANNIHILATION RADIATION IN ALUMINUM
Authors: WANG YUN-YU  , ZHANG TIAN-BAO  , TANG XIAO-WEI  ,   中国科学院高能物理研究所
Published: November 2020

The radiation of positron annihilation in two aluminum samples from different origins was measured with the Ge(Li) detector. Using the 482 keV γ peak of 181Hf as reference, the relative positions of the annihilation peak centers were repetitively determined, the precision of the determination reached ± 6 eV. The results show that the rest mass of electron in these two different aluminum samples is consistent on 10 eV level.