bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Feasibility study on the integration of residential PV‐battery systems in system peak load shaving: A case study in Iran
Authors: Ashoornezhad Ali , Falaghi Hamid , Hajizadeh Amin , Ramezani Maryam
Published: June 2023

This paper investigates the impact of residential photovoltaic (PV) battery systems in a real test system with the goal of system peak load shaving. In order to encourage residential investors, a levelised feed‐in tariff (LFiT) scheme is introduced. Accordingly, two proposed cases and relevant suggestions are presented to reach a better performance. The profitability of the project is apprised via several economic criteria such as net present value, simple and discount payback period years (PBY and DPBY), internal rate of return (IRR), benefit to cost ratio, net cash flow, and levelised cost of energy. Moreover, different levels of peak shaving subject to customers’ participation and the size of the PV‐battery system are also obtained. An actual test system regarding 1‐year recorded data is employed to elevate the precision of results. Obtained results demonstrate that in the current situation in Iran, the PBY is about 5.83 years and the IRR is about 0.43. Meanwhile, the ratio of the LFiT should be about 3.5 to reach the same result as the current circumstances. Finally, a sensitivity analysis on systems’ parameters is performed to identify the impact of these parameters on economic indices.
An efficient analytical approach for operational reliability evaluation of integrated electricity‐heat energy systems with variable wind power
Authors: He Haojie , Shao Changzheng , Hu Bo , Xie Kaigui , Du Xiong , Xu Longxun
Published: June 2023

The increase in wind power penetration leads to the risk of energy supply interruption in integrated electricity‐heat energy systems (IHES). This paper presents an analytical‐based approach for the efficient operational reliability evaluation of the IHES. The wind power distribution characteristic model considering correlation is constructed based on Hidden Markov Model (HMM). To reduce computational complexity, a critical system state identification (CSSI) method is proposed that characterises both random device failures and wind power uncertainty. Under each critical system state, the analytical function relationship between the reliability index and the uncertainty factors is established based on the virtual stochastic response surface (VSRS) method. The analytical function can directly calculate the reliability index when the wind power output varies, avoiding a large number of repeated calculations of the optimal load‐shedding model of the system and reducing the time required for reliability assessment. This allows the operator to evaluate the operational reliability of the integrated energy system in real‐time. The numerical simulation of the test system combining the IEEE 33‐node distribution system and the existing 28‐node heating system proves the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Drivers’ usage of driving automation systems in different contexts: A survey in China, Germany, Spain and USA
Authors: Karlsson MariAnne , Novakazi Fjollë
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the study was to investigate how drivers use assisted and automated driving systems (DAS), more specifically their usage of SAE Level 1 and Level 2 systems, in different situations. An online survey was distributed to 2500 respondents in China, Germany, Spain, and the USA. The final dataset consisted of 549 respondents, all non‐professional drivers, with access to a minimum of a Level 1 system. A subset, 159 in total, had access also to a Level 2 DAS. The survey included questions on the attitude towards, access to, and usage of Level 1 and Level 2 systems in nine different situations respectively. The data was analysed on an individual and a national level. A cluster analysis showed two main groups: frequent and non‐frequent users. On an individual level, the reported usage of Level 1 and Level 2 DAS respectively differed depending on traffic situation, weather and daylight conditions and driver state. Reports by respondents with access to both Level 1 and Level 2 systems did not reveal any statistically significant differences in usage between situations. The Spanish sample was the only one that showed a consistently different usage pattern compared to samples from China, Germany, and the USA.
3D target tracking and shape reconstruction in clutter using Gaussian process and point completion network
Authors: Mao Hongge , Yang Xiaojun
Published: June 2023

Existing problems for 3D extended target tracking and contour reconstruction under clutter environment are thoroughly investigated in this article. Due to the sparsity of available point cloud data and interference from clutter, the shape completion method, such as Point Completion Network (PCN), cannot reconstruct 3D contour directly. Moreover, the traditional Gaussian process (GP) model suffered from computing overhead and cannot handle irregular non‐convex shapes. Here, a two‐stage tracking algorithm is proposed, which firstly combines the 3D GP measurement model with a probability data association filter to jointly estimate the kinematics and 3D Gaussian basis points, which contain partial shape information. Afterwards, this method input produced Gaussian basis points to a deep learning‐based PCN to reconstruct complete geometry of the contour. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified by extended target tracking with both simple and complex geometric shapes. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm obtains accurate kinematic state estimation and produces complete point cloud estimation for 3D contour.
Evaluation of practical edge computing CNN‐based solutions for intelligent recycling bins
Authors: Li Xueying , Grammenos Ryan
Published: June 2023

Rapid economic growth has given rise to the urgent demand for more efficient waste recycling systems. An innovative smart recycling bin is proposed that automatically separates urban waste to increase the recycling rate. Over 1800 recycling waste images were collected and combined with an existing public dataset to train neural network classification models for two embedded systems, one incorporating a Jetson Nano and the other a K210 unit. The model developed reached an accuracy of 93.99% on the Jetson Nano and 94.61% on the K210. A user interface application was also designed to collect feedback from users during their interaction with the smart bin. In terms of power consumption, the system employing the Jetson Nano consumed 4.7 W, representing a 30% reduction in power consumption compared to previous work, while the K210 required just 0.89 W of power to operate. In summary, our work demonstrated a small‐scale, fully functional prototype of an energy‐efficient, high‐accuracy smart recycling bin, with the potential of commercialisation for the purpose of improving urban waste recycling.
A review on conventional and nonconventional machining of Nickel-based Nimonic superalloy
Authors: Prasad Ganesha , Kamath C. Raghavendra , G.S. Vijay
Published: June 2023

Superalloys have gained prominence in recent years in various sectors, namely, spacecraft, marine, power, defense, vehicular and others, due to their ability to withstand high temperatures of up to 980 °C without deformation. Nimonics are Nickel-based superalloys usually known to be hard-to-machine materials due to their high strength at high temperatures, higher hardness, low thermal conductivity, and tendency to react with tool material. All these factors increase the level of difficulties in the machining of Nimonic superalloys. Numerous studies have examined various facets of machining of Nimonic alloys. This article summarizes the observation from 152 research articles to offer a reasonable engineering overview of the study of Nimonic alloys. An overview of Nimonic superalloys and their applications is given first. Then, various conventional and non-conventional machining processes, problems associated with multiple machining processes and methods to rectify the issues concerning the machining process have been reported. Thus, this summary will certainly help industrialists and academic researchers for further research work in machining Nimonic alloys.
Neue Methoden in der Neuroradiologie: MR-Fingerprinting und synthetische Bildgebung
Authors: Keil Vera C.
Published: June 2023

Was bedeutet „synthetische Bildgebung“? Ist es eine bestimmte Form der Akquisition oder kann man auch durch Postprocessing von Standard-MRT-Aufnahmen synthetische Bilder erzeugen? Welche Rolle spielt künstliche Intelligenz hierbei? Antworten auf die Fragen, welche synthetischen Verfahren es gibt und wofür diese bereits bei neuroradiologischen Fragestellungen genutzt werden, liefert dieser Übersichtsartikel.
„Fachkräfte aus dem Ausland bereichern das Denken im Team“ – Internationale Mitarbeitergewinnung gegen den Fachkräftemangel
Authors: Aschoff Frank
Published: June 2023

Laut einem Kurzbericht des Instituts der deutschen Wirtschaft steht die Physiotherapie an achter Stelle der Branchen mit dem höchsten Fachkräftemangel*. Der Bericht geht von über 12 000 fehlenden Fachkräften aus. Die Gewinnung von Mitarbeiter*innen ist also eine kontinuierliche Herausforderung in der Physiotherapie. Und genau hier kommen die Physiotherapeut*innen Sonja Konrad und Volker Sutor ins Spiel: Sie vermitteln Kolleg*innen aus dem Ausland.
Das soziale Gehirn – Neurobiologie des Sozialverhaltens
Authors: Fries Wolfgang
Published: June 2023

Die Spezies Homo sapiens zeichnet sich durch ein außerordentlich hohes Maß an sozialer Interaktivität in allen Lebensphasen und Alltagsaufgaben aus. Für Aktivitäten in der sozialen Gemeinschaft und für die Teilhabe am sozialen und beruflichen Leben ist die Fähigkeit zu einem geordneten Sozialverhalten eine notwendige Grundlage.
Forecasting the future of hydrogen transport
Authors: Thompson Avery
Published: June 2023

An economic comparison of common transport methods will help plan hydrogen infrastructure.
Fast loaded dual species magneto optical trap of cold sodium and potassium atoms with light-assisted inter-species interaction
Authors: Sutradhar Sagar , Misra Anirban , Pal Gourab , Majumder Sayari , Roy Sanjukta , Chaudhuri Saptarishi
Published: June 2023

We present the design, implementation, and detailed experimental characterization and comparison with numerical simulations of two-dimensional magneto-optical traps (MOTs) of bosonic 23Na and 39K atoms for loading the cold atomic mixture in a dual-species 3DMOT with a large number of atoms. We report our various measurements pertaining to the characterization of two 2D+MOTs via the capture rate in the 3DMOT and also present the optimized parameters for the best performance of the system of the cold atomic mixture. Under the optimized condition, we capture more than 3 × 101039K atoms and 5.8 × 10823Na atoms in the 3DMOT simultaneously from individual 2D+MOTs with a capture rate of 5 × 1010 and 3.5 × 108 atoms/sec for 39K and 23Na, respectively. We also demonstrate improvements of more than a factor of 5 in the capture rate in the 3DMOT from the cold atomic sources when a relatively high-power ultraviolet light is used to cause light-induced atomic desorption in the 2D+MOT glass cells. A detailed study of the light assisted interspecies cold collisions between the co-trapped atoms is presented, and interspecies loss coefficients have been determined to be βNaK ∼ 2 × 10−12 cm3/sec. The cold atomic mixture would be useful for further experiments on quantum simulation with ultra-cold quantum mixtures in optical potentials.
Dynamics of the spontaneously accelerative equatorial expansion of a droplet in a high-intensity acoustic standing wave field
Authors: Baig Abdullah
Published: June 2023

This work reports an investigation of the acoustically induced accelerated deformation of drops in high-intensity acoustic standing wave fields generated by a single-axis acoustic levitator. The dynamic characteristics of droplet deformation are obtained and discussed based on high-speed visualization and in-house Python codes. Based on the actual physical characteristics, the finite element method numerical model has been developed for intercoupling the sound field and flow field, allowing for bidirectional feedback between the drop shape and the acoustic wave. The experimental results indicate that during the deformation process of droplets, their equatorial radius expands at an increasing speed without artificially increasing the sound field intensity. The simulation shows that the acoustic radiation suction acting on the equator dominates droplet deformation. Furthermore, there is a kind of positive feedback loop between the acoustic radiation pressure (pr) amplitude at the drop’s equator and the aspect ratio (AR) during the deformation period. It is confirmed that this causes the spontaneous accelerated expansion of the droplet’s equator. In addition, the functional relationship between pr at the drop’s equator and the AR has been obtained through theoretical derivation, which is consistent with the simulation results. Finally, the critical Bond number (Ba,s) of the rim instability is also obtained. This work provides deeper insights into contactless liquid manipulation and ultrasonic atomization technology applications.
Transporting Cattle
Authors: Valadez Marcela , Miranda de la Lama Genaro
Published: June 2023

For cattle, the transition period from the place where they are raised to a new place, such as farm, an auction market or the slaughterhouse, is one of the most challenging moments in their lives from a welfare perspective. This is related to multiple stressors to which the animals are exposed during the different stages that make up the transport process, such as weaning, castration, dehorning, identification, new sound, visual and olfactory signals, social mixing, vibration, temperature variations, risk of injury, spatial restriction, fasting and limited access to water, in addition to other stressors to which they are exposed after their arrival.

Regardless of whether the journey is short (less than 4 h), medium (between 4 and 8 h) or long (greater than 8 h), there must be a planning process for the logistics of the trip, which includes preventive maintenance of vehicles, up to the schedule and climate conditions on the day of the transport. This planning will avoid failures that compromise cattle welfare and will allow them to be in better conditions to recover from transport and prepare for the next stage.

Information

© The Author 2023
Theoretical study of multiband Superconductivity and Enhanced Tc in Rhenium Beryllium (ReBe22) superconductor
Authors: Hambisa Teshome Kebede , Singh P , Geffe Chernet Amente
Published: June 2023

The superconductivity of Rhenium Beryllium in two band model is theoretically studied using a standard model Hamiltonian which contains the Bardeen, Cooper and Schriefer, BCS type pairing interaction. Green function formalism was employed to obtain expression for superconducting order parameter in the bands, the coupling parameters and the superconducting critical temperature, T

C
, for this ReBe22 material. Our findings indicate, the enhancement of the superconducting critical temperature with the augmentation of the electron-phonon coupling strength in the entire system. The variation of the coupling parameter in the bands is understood as the reason for introducing a temperature gap and rising of the critical temperature suggesting significant upsurge at further scrutiny.
Good classical and quantum codes from multi-twisted codes
Authors: Aydin Nuh , Guidotti Thomas , Liu Peihan
Published: June 2023

Multi-twisted (MT) codes were introduced as a generalization of quasi-twisted (QT) codes. QT codes have been known to contain many good codes. In this work, we show that codes with good parameters and desirable properties can be obtained from MT codes. These include best known and optimal classical codes with additional properties such as reversibility and self-duality, and new and best known non-binary quantum codes obtained from special cases of MT codes. Often times best known quantum codes in the literature are obtained indirectly by considering extension rings. Our constructions have the advantage that we obtain these codes by more direct and simpler methods. Additionally, we found theoretical results about binomials over finite fields that are useful in our search.
Evaluation of iterated Ore polynomials and skew Reed-Muller codes
Authors: Bennenni Nabil , Leroy André
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we study two ways of evaluating iterated Ore polynomials. We provide many examples and compare these evaluations. We use the evaluation maps to construct Reed-Muller codes and compute explicitly some of the data that are associated to such codes.
Asymptotic Brauer 𝑝-dimension
Authors: Chapman Adam , McKinnie Kelly
Published: June 2023

We define and compute the asymptotic Brauer

p
p

-dimension of a field

F
F

, denoted

A
B
r

d
p

(
F
)

ABrd_p(F)

, in cases where

F
F

is a rational function field or Laurent series field.

A
B
r

d
p

(
F
)

ABrd_p(F)

is defined like the Brauer

p
p

-dimension except it considers finite sets of Brauer classes instead of single classes. Our main result shows that for fields

F
0

(

α
1

,
…
,

α
n

)

F_0(\alpha _1,\dots ,\alpha _n)

and

F
0

(

(

α
1

)

)
…
(

(

α
n

)

)

F_0 (\!( \alpha _1)\!) \dots (\!(\alpha _n)\!)

where

F
0

F_0

is a perfect field of characteristic

p
>
0

p>0

when

n
≥
2

n \geq 2

the asymptotic Brauer

p
p

-dimension is

n
n

. We also show that it is

n
−
1

n-1

when

F
=

F
0

(

(

α
1

)

)
…
(

(

α
n

)

)

F=F_0 (\!( \alpha _1)\!) \dots (\!(\alpha _n)\!)

and

F
0

F_0

is algebraically closed of characteristic not

p
p

. We conclude the paper with examples of pairs of cyclic algebras of odd prime degree

p
p

over a field

F
F

for which

Brd
p

⁡
(
F
)
=
2

\operatorname {Brd}_p(F)=2

that share no maximal subfields despite their tensor product being non-division.
ℤ₂ℤ₄-additive codes as codes over rings
Authors: Fernández-Córdoba Cristina , Szabo Steve
Published: June 2023

In this paper, it is shown that

Z

2

Z

4

\mathbb {Z}_2\mathbb {Z}_4

-additive codes with additional structure can be viewed as linear codes over rings. As an example, codes over the finite chain ring of order 8,

R
=

Z

4

[
x
]

⟨

x
2

−
2
,
2
x
⟩

R=\frac {\mathbb {Z}_4[x]}{\langle x^2-2,2x\rangle }

, which as additive group is isomorphic to

Z

2

×

Z

4

\mathbb {Z}_2\times \mathbb {Z}_4

, are shown to be

Z

2

Z

4

\mathbb {Z}_2\mathbb {Z}_4

-additive codes. Amongst other results connecting linear codes over

R
R

and their

Z

2

Z

4

\mathbb {Z}_2\mathbb {Z}_4

-additive images, it is shown that the

Z

2

Z

4

\mathbb {Z}_2\mathbb {Z}_4

-additive image of a cyclic code over

R
R

is separable, that is, a direct sum of a binary linear code and a linear code over

Z

4

\mathbb {Z}_4

. The family of chain rings,

Z

4

[
x
]

⟨

x
s

−
2
,
2

x
t

⟩

{\mathbb {Z}_4[x]\over \langle x^s-2, 2x^t\rangle }

, where

1
≤
t
>
s

1\leq t>s

, and the finite commutative local Frobenius non-chain ring

Z

4

[
x
,
y
]

⟨

x
2

−
2
,
x
y
−
2
,

y
2

,
2
x
,
2
y
⟩

\frac {\mathbb {Z}_4[x,y]}{\langle x^2-2,xy-2,y^2,2x,2y\rangle }

are also considered as alphabets for the study of

Z

2

Z

4

\mathbb {Z}_2\mathbb {Z}_4

-additive codes.
On Continuous Hulls of Rings and Modules
Authors: Park Jae , Rizvi S.
Published: June 2023

Every module has an injective hull, a quasi-injective hull, and a quasi-continuous hull. However, there exists a uniform nonsingular cyclic module over a noncommutative ring which has no continuous hull. (Recall that the continuous hull of a module

M
M

is the smallest continuous extension of

M
M

in a fixed injective hull

E
(
M
)

E(M)

of

M
M

.) When the base ring is commutative, every uniform cyclic module over a commutative ring has a continuous hull. Further, every nonsingular cyclic module over a commutative ring has a continuous hull. Motivated by the example and these results on continuous hulls, it is interesting to study whether

R
R

R_R

has a continuous hull for any ring

R
R

. We show that for any integer

n
n

such that

n
>
1

n>1

, if

R
R

is the

n
×
n

n\times n

matrix ring over any given ring or the

n
×
n

n\times n

upper triangular matrix ring over any given ring, then

R
R

R_R

has a continuous hull and such a continuous hull is explicitly described. Moreover, if

R
R

is an abelian regular ring, it is shown that every nonsingular cyclic right

R
R

-module has a continuous hull. As an application, we show that

R
R

R_R

has a continuous hull when

R
R

is an abelian regular ring. In this case,

R

B

(
Q
(
R
)

)
R

R\mathcal {B}(Q(R))_R

(where

R

B

(
Q
(
R
)
)

R\mathcal {B}(Q(R))

is the idempotent closure of

R
R

) is the continuous hull of

R
R

R_R

. As a byproduct, we show that when

R
R

is an abelian regular ring,

R

B

(
Q
(
R
)
)

R\mathcal {B}(Q(R))

is the smallest continuous regular ring of quotients of

R
R

. We discuss the condition (

⋆
\star

) of a commutative ring

R
R

, which is precisely that the classical ring of quotients of every uniform factor ring of

R
R

is self-injective. Moreover, by using the condition (

⋆
\star

), we provide a detailed proof that every module over a commutative noetherian ring has a continuous hull. Various examples which illustrate our results are provided.
Monitoring healthy ageing for the next decade: South Korea’s perspective
Authors: Han Eun-Jeong , Han Zee-A , Kim Hansuk , Jung Tong Ryoung
Published: June 2023

South Korea is the fastest ageing country among OECD countries. Unlike the older generation growing up in the aftermath of the Korean war, the first and second baby boomer generations have heightened expectations regarding public services. In addition to the demand in higher quality of both social and health services by these newer older population, there is a concomitant increased quantitative demand. It is imperative that Korea reimagines their health, social welfare and economic policies to reflect the rapidly changing needs of such generations. One way to do this is to mainstream and continually monitor healthy ageing in all aspects of future policies. In 2021, the Korean Longitudinal Healthy Aging Study was launched in this context, to better understand the needs of the new-older age generation and to produce evidence to support formulation of better tailored policies that could promote healthy ageing. However, Korea is only in its early stage in developing a monitoring system that looks into the performance level of policies that support healthy ageing. As a country that is preparing for such rapid demographic transition and has already commenced developing its healthy ageing indicators, it will be important to assess and monitor uniformly the level of healthy ageing from the framework perspective of WHO. Korea welcomes WHO’s development of an internationally applicable M&E framework for healthy ageing. We hope that WHO’s M&E framework on healthy ageing will help Korea align to the international standards in its journey through the UN Decade of Healthy Ageing 2021–2030 and beyond.
A hospital within a hospital: An innovative pharmacy model to improve the continuum of care
Authors: Deyhim Niaz , Saini Anita , Beck Amanda , Everett Nichelle S , Agbara Echefula I
Published: June 2023

Purpose

To describe the implementation of a contracted pharmacy service model for a co-located long-term acute care hospital (LTAC).

Historically, most LTACs have been free-standing healthcare facilities, but there is an increased trend towards the co-located LTAC (“hospital within a hospital”) model. Co-located LTACs represent a solution for the management of patient throughput within a health system, with optimized bed capacity at the host hospital, increased revenue under a prospective payment system, and reduced readmission rates. A co-located LTAC will likely share resources with the host hospital, including ancillary departments such as pharmacy services, through a contractual model. Operationalization of pharmacy services in a co-located LTAC presents unique challenges in the integration of pharmacy services. Pharmacy leaders at Houston Methodist collaborated with executive leadership and other healthcare disciplines to expand services from a free-standing LTAC to a co-located LTAC at the academic medical center location. The contracted pharmacy service operationalization processes in the co-located LTAC comprised licensure and regulations, accreditation, information technology enhancements, a staffing model, operations/distribution services, clinical services, and a defined quality reporting structure. Admissions from the host hospital to the LTAC consisted of patients requiring long-term antibiotic administrations, pre– and post–organ transplant care, complex wound care, oncologic-related treatment, and neurological rehabilitation for strengthening and continued care.

Conclusion

The framework described here offers guidance to health-system pharmacy departments to support establishment of a co-located LTAC. The case study outlines challenges, considerations, and processes for implementation of a successful contracted pharmacy service model.
BIA-ALCL Epidemiology in an Aesthetic Breast Surgery Cohort of 1501 Patients
Authors: Kolasiński Jerzy , Sorotos Michail , Firmani Guido , Panagiotakos Demosthenes , Płonka Justyna , Kolenda Małgorzata , Santanelli di Pompeo Fabio
Published: June 2023

Background

Epidemiologic studies on breast implant–associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) currently estimate the risk between 1:300 and 1:30,000, assessed mainly in large breast reconstruction populations.

Objectives

The aim of the study was to assess BIA-ALCL epidemiology in a cohort of patients who have received textured implants for cosmetic indications.

Methods

In a prospective cohort observational study, 1501 patients who received a cosmetic breast augmentation between 2006 and 2016 were monitored, recording any implant-related complications, including BIA-ALCL. Cross-checking of clinical, pathology, and external records data identified cases. Prevalence, implant-specific prevalence (I-SP), incidence rate (IR), event-free time (EFT), and the Kaplan–Meier survival estimate were calculated.

Results

All but 2 patients received macrotextured or microtextured devices bilaterally. Mean follow-up was 3.2 years (1 months to 16.4 years). Five BIA-ALCL cases were investigated. Prevalence was 1:300 patients; I-SP was 6.9 cases/1000 individuals/Allergan BIOCELL devices and 1.3 cases/1000 individuals/Mentor Siltex devices; and IR was 1.07 cases/1000 females/year. Mean (SD) EFT was 9.2 years.

Conclusions

When using a denominator based on a cohort of cosmetic patients, BIA-ALCL occurrence is higher than previously reported, particularly with macrotextured devices. Given the similar IRs in reconstructive and cosmetic cohorts, their even distribution could be consequent to underreporting due to poorer follow-up and lower awareness in the latter group. The genetic predisposition in the oncologic cohort reasonably affects the early onset more than the IR. The importance of accurate follow-up is confirmed. Stratification risks analysis can guide surgeons during patient counseling regarding the decision for prophylactic explantation.

Level of Evidence: 4
A multi-level generative framework for community detection in attributed networks
Authors: Zheng Yimei , Jia Caiyan , Li Xuanya
Published: June 2023

Community detection in attributed networks is one of the most important tasks in complex network analysis. Many existing methods propose to integrate the network topology and node attribute from a generative aspect, which models an attributed network as a probabilistic generation process with the community distribution described by hidden variables. Though they can provide good interpretability to the community structure, it is difficult to infer community membership quickly due to their high computational complexity when inferring. Motivated by the multi-level strategy, in this study, we propose a multi-level generative framework to reduce the time cost of generative models for community detection in attributed networks. We first coarsen an attributed network into smaller ones by node matching. Then, we employ the existing generative model on the coarsest network without any modification for community detection, thus efficiently obtaining community memberships of nodes in this small coarsest network. Last, we project the assignments back to the original network through a local refinement mechanism to get communities. Extensive experiments on several real-world and artificial attributed networks show that our multi-level-based method is significantly faster than original generative models and is able to achieve better or more competitive results.
Association of interleukin-6 and interleukin-18 with cardiovascular disease in older adults: Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study
Authors: Jia Xiaoming , Buckley Leo , Sun Caroline , Al Rifai Mahmoud , Yu Bing , Nambi Vijay , Virani Salim S , Selvin Elizabeth , Matsushita Kunihiro , Hoogeveen Ron C , Coresh Josef , Shah Amil M , Ballantyne Christie M
Published: June 2023

Aims

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-18 (IL-18), important cytokines implicated in atherosclerosis and inflammaging, were assessed for associations with global cardiovascular disease (CVD), atrial fibrillation (AF), and death in older adults.

Methods and results

Participants from Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study Visit 5 (mean age 75.4 ± 5.1 years) with IL-6 and IL-18 measurements were included (n = 5672). Cox regression models were used to assess associations of IL-6 and IL-18 with coronary heart disease (CHD), ischaemic stroke, heart failure (HF) hospitalization, global CVD (composite of CHD, stroke, and HF), AF, and all-cause death. Over a median follow-up of 7.2 years, there were 1235 global CVD events, 530 AF events, and 1173 deaths. Higher IL-6 [hazard ratio (HR) 1.57, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.44–1.72 per log unit increase] and IL-18 (HR 1.13, 95% CI 1.01–1.26) were significantly associated with global CVD after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors. Association between IL-6 and global CVD remained significant after further adjustment for high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and high-sensitivity troponin T (hs-TnT) but was no longer significant for IL-18 after further adjustments. Interleukin-6 was also associated with increased risk for CHD, HF, and AF after adjustment for covariates. Both IL-6 and IL-18 were associated with increased risk for all-cause death independent of cardiovascular risk factors and other biomarkers.

Conclusion

Among older adults, both IL-6 and IL-18 were associated with global CVD and death. The association between IL-6 with CVD appears to be more robust and was independent of hs-CRP, NT-proBNP, and hs-TnT.
A high-quality Bougainvillea genome provides new insights into evolutionary history and pigment biosynthetic pathways in the Caryophyllales
Authors: Lan Lan , Zhao Huiqi , Xu Suxia , Kan Shenglong , Zhang Xiaoni , Liu Weichao , Liao Xuezhu , Tembrock Luke R , Ren Yonglin , Reeve Wayne , Yang Jun , Wu Zhiqiang
Published: June 2023

Bougainvillea is a perennial ornamental shrub that is highly regarded in ornamental horticulture around the world. However, the absence of genome data limits our understanding of the pathways involved in bract coloration and breeding. Here, we report a chromosome-level assembly of the giga-genome of Bougainvillea × buttiana ‘Mrs Butt’, a cultivar thought to be the origin of many other Bougainvillea cultivars. The assembled genome is ~5 Gb with a scaffold N50 of 151 756 278 bp and contains 86 572 genes which have undergone recent whole-genome duplication. We confirmed that multiple rounds of whole-genome multiplication have occurred in the evolutionary history of the Caryophyllales, reconstructed the relationship in the Caryophyllales at whole genome level, and found discordance between species and gene trees as the result of complex introgression events. We investigated betalain and anthocyanin biosynthetic pathways and found instances of independent evolutionary innovations in the nine different Caryophyllales species. To explore the potential formation mechanism of diverse bract colors in Bougainvillea, we analyzed the genes involved in betalain and anthocyanin biosynthesis and found extremely low expression of ANS and DFR genes in all cultivars, which may limit anthocyanin biosynthesis. Our findings indicate that the expression pattern of the betalain biosynthetic pathway did not directly correlate with bract color, and a higher expression level in the betalain biosynthetic pathway is required for colored bracts. This improved understanding of the correlation between gene expression and bract color allows plant breeding outcomes to be predicted with greater certainty.
Evaluation of the Role of a Clinical Pharmacist on Medication Management in an Adult Burn Clinic via a Collaborative Drug Therapy Management Protocol
Authors: Boyd Allison N , Kadi Bacil A , Rothenberger Mary A , Hartman Brett C , Spera Leigh J , Meadows Katherine J , Walroth Todd A
Published: June 2023

Historically, pharmacists have not been formally involved in managing burn clinic patients. Collaborative Drug Therapy Management (CDTM) protocols allow pharmacists working within a defined context to independently assume responsibility for direct patient care activities. The objective of this study was to evaluate the number and type of medication-related interventions made by a clinical pharmacist, in an adult burn clinic, via a CDTM protocol. The protocol allows pharmacists to independently manage the following disease states: pain, agitation, delirium, insomnia, venous thromboembolism, skin/soft tissue infections, and hypermetabolic complications. All pharmacist visits between 1/1/22 and 9/22/22 were included. A total of 16 patients were seen at 28 visits with a clinical pharmacist for a total of 148 interventions. Patients were mostly males (81%) with a mean ± SD age of 41 ± 15 years. The majority of patients were in-state (94%), with 9 (56%) being from an outlying county. Patients were seen for a median (IQR) of 2 (1,2) visits. Interventions were made at all visits (100%) with a median of 5 (4,6) per visit. Interventions (per visit) included medication reconciliation [28 (100%)], a median of 1 (0,2) medication ordered or adjusted, labs ordered at 7 (25%) visits, with adherence and patient education both reviewed at over 90% of visits. To the best of our knowledge, ours is the first burn center to implement a Clinical Pharmacist CDTM Protocol, with a pharmacist directly impacting transitions of care. This may serve as a framework for other sites. Future directions include continuing to track data for medication adherence and access, billing/reimbursement, and clinical outcomes.
‘Faith for Rights’ in Armed Conflict: Lessons from Practice
Authors: Salama Ibrahim , Wiener Michael
Published: June 2023

This article examines how the Beirut Declaration and its 18 Commitments on ‘Faith for Rights’ have been implemented in practice since 2017. It focuses on case studies from Afghanistan, Cyprus, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and hypothetical ‘cases to debate’ of the #Faith4Rights toolkit. The latter provides a peer-to-peer learning methodology to share the experiences of faith-based actors in dealing with tensions among human rights and in addressing armed conflicts across the globe.

The 2017 Beirut Declaration, and the underlying 2012 Rabat Plan of Action on the prohibition of incitement to hatred, acknowledge the positive or negative roles of religious leaders and their responsibilities during armed conflict and beyond. These declarations have been considered soft law instruments since they are regularly referred to in reports by the United Nations Secretary-General, High Commissioner, Special Rapporteurs, Treaty Bodies, the European Union and the Council of Europe. Furthermore, social media companies and Meta’s Oversight Board use the Rabat threshold test when making content moderation decisions on Facebook and Instagram, including in situations of armed conflict or in regions that have a recent history of conflict.

This article concludes that the #Faith4Rights toolkit provides a rights-based approach for bringing together the two worlds of faith and human rights. Its peer-to-peer learning methodology seeks to reflect and facilitate measurable changes rather than focusing only on inter-religious dialogue as such. It also provides concrete guidance to the—often daunting—task for facilitators of peer-to-peer learning events and for mediators in an armed conflict.
A study assessing public knowledge and behaviour of antibiotic use in Abu Dhabi and Dubai
Authors: Mohammad Lana Maher , Kamran Rana Mahmood , Gillani Syed Wasif
Published: June 2023

Objectives

The inappropriate use of antibiotics is one of the main factors in the development of antibiotic resistance. This study aimed at examining the public’s knowledge and behaviour in Abu Dhabi and Dubai towards antibiotic use.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was performed using a pretested self-administered online questionnaire on a sample of 208 randomly selected from Abu Dhabi and Dubai residents. Descriptive statistics and P values were used in data analysis.

Key findings

In our population, 63% knew that antibiotic usage is ineffective in treating viral infections. Half of our participants were unsure or misinformed that antibiotics could treat the common cold. On the other hand, 93% knew that the body can fight mild infections without antibiotics. The results also showed that almost 29% take antibiotics for pain and inflammation. Approximately, 72% of the population denied consuming leftover antibiotics. Also, 95.2% of the population confirmed they check the expiry date before using antibiotics, and 82.7% stop the antibiotic after completing the course prescribed by a physician.

Conclusion

This study revealed the gaps in knowledge and practice towards antibiotics among the general population. It also identified areas that need more interventions to promote the rational use of antibiotics, and thus reduce the risk of development of antibiotic resistance.
A large adrenal myelolipoma: case report and review of the literature
Authors: Katsoulis Iraklis E , Dafnis Andreas N , Sourouppi Chrystalla , Katsaounis Dionysis , Boti E , Arnogiannaki Niki
Published: June 2023

Adrenal myelolipoma is a rare benign neoplasm composed of mature adipose tissue and myeloid tissue with a variable amount of hematopoietic elements. Most patients are asymptomatic although some present with pain or even endocrine dysfunction. The rising use of CT and MRI scans has led to an increase of the detection of adrenal myelolipomas in recent years. The indications for surgery are symptomatic patients and lesions bigger than 5 cm or suspicious for malignancy. A case of a 50-year-old woman is presented here who was referred for surgical resection of a large nonfunctioning right adrenal mass. The neoplasm was resected through a midline laparotomy. Histopathology revealed a lesion consisting predominantly of fatty issue containing all types of hematopoietic stem cells and confirmed the diagnosis of myelolipoma.
Torsion of the whole ileum and hemorrhagic necrosis because of a giant Meckel’s diverticulum in a 9-month-old child
Authors: Mashlah Qusai , Zaher Ali M , Odah Bashi Hajar , Zwaraa Hanady , Dalati Husam
Published: June 2023

Intestinal ischemia caused by torsion of a freely hanging Meckel’s diverticulum (MD) resulting in the need for resection is an uncommon complication. We present an extraordinary case of a 9-month-old male with acute abdominal symptoms because of intestinal ischemia and necrosis that necessitated resection of the entire ileum. This was caused by torsion around a particularly large MD.
Extension of constraint-procedural logic-generated environments for deep Q-learning agent training and benchmarking
Authors: De Gasperis Giovanni , Costantini Stefania , Rafanelli Andrea , Migliarini Patrizio , Letteri Ivan , Dyoub Abeer
Published: June 2023

Autonomous robots can be employed in exploring unknown environments and performing many tasks, such as, e.g. detecting areas of interest, collecting target objects, etc. Deep reinforcement learning (RL) is often used to train this kind of robot. However, concerning the artificial environments aimed at testing the robot, there is a lack of available data sets and a long time is needed to create them from scratch. A good data set is in fact usually produced with high effort in terms of cost and human work to satisfy the constraints imposed by the expected results. In the first part of this paper, we focus on the specification of the properties of the solutions needed to build a data set, making the case of environment exploration. In the proposed approach, rather than using imperative programming, we explore the possibility of generating data sets using constraint programming in Prolog. In this phase, geometric predicates describe a virtual environment according to inter-space requirements. The second part of the paper is focused on testing the generated data set in an AI gym via space search techniques. We developed a Neuro-Symbolic agent built from the following: (i) A deep Q-learning component implemented in Python, able to address via RL a search problem in the virtual space; the agent has the goal to explore a generated virtual environment to seek for a target, improving its performance through a RL process. (ii) A symbolic component able to re-address the search when the Q-learning component gets stuck in a part of the virtual environment; these components stimulate the agent to move to and explore other parts of the environment. Wide experimentation has been performed, with promising results, and is reported, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.
Complying with the New NIH Data Management and Sharing Policy
Authors: Winchester Stacy
Published: June 2023

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) implemented a new Data Management and Sharing Policy on January 25, 2023. This policy replaces the 2003 document and affirms the NIH’s support for open science and data sharing. Almost all proposals for research that will produce scientific data are now required to include a Data Management and Sharing Plan, which lays out how the research team will collect and preserve data to ensure long-term discoverability and access. Researchers must approach their projects with data sharing in mind, to the extent that is ethically, legally, and technically possible.
Fellowship in the United States as an exceptionally qualified applicant
Authors: Palleti Sujith K
Published: June 2023

International medical graduates (IMGs) play an important role in the United States healthcare as they make up more than a quarter of the medical workforce. Some of these IMGs have significant experience abroad and are eligible to join fellowships in the United States after meeting certain requirements through the Exceptionally Qualified Candidate Pathway designed by the Accreditation Council (ACGME), While this is a great opportunity to train in the United States healthcare system, awareness remains lacking about this pathway. This is especially important given the growing shortage of physicians in the United States and unfilled positions in several fellowships where physicians are urgently needed. This article demonstrates the crisis in several fellowship programs and aims to increase awareness of this ACGME training pathway. It will also provide a deeper understanding of this fellowship path way in the United States, which may be useful to as piring fellowship candidates as well as underfilled fellowship programs. It also highlights potential opportunities and pathways leading to practice after the fellowship, current limitations in this process and provides several recommendations for success.
Customized bioceramic scaffolds and metal meshes for challenging large-size mandibular bone defect regeneration and repair
Authors: Zhang Bin , Yin Xiaohong , Zhang Feng , Hong Yirong , Qiu Yuesheng , Yang Xianyan , Li Yifan , Zhong Cheng , Yang Huayong , Gou Zhongru
Published: June 2023

Large-size mandible graft has huge needs in clinic caused by infection, tumor, congenital deformity, bone trauma and so on. However, the reconstruction of large-size mandible defect is challenged due to its complex anatomical structure and large-range bone injury. The design and fabrication of porous implants with large segments and specific shapes matching the native mandible remain a considerable challenge. Herein, the 6% Mg-doped calcium silicate (CSi-Mg6) and β- and α-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP, α-TCP) bioceramics were fabricated by digital light processing as the porous scaffolds of over 50% in porosity, while the titanium mesh was fabricated by selective laser melting. The mechanical tests showed that the initial flexible/compressive resistance of CSi-Mg6 scaffolds was markedly higher than that of β-TCP and α-TCP scaffolds. Cell experiments showed that these materials all had good biocompatibility, while CSi-Mg6 significantly promoted cell proliferation. In the rabbit critically sized mandible bone defects (∼13 mm in length) filled with porous bioceramic scaffolds, the titanium meshes and titanium nails were acted as fixation and load bearing. The results showed that the defects were kept during the observation period in the blank (control) group; in contrast, the osteogenic capability was significantly enhanced in the CSi-Mg6 and α-TCP groups in comparison with the β-TCP group, and these two groups not only had significantly increased new bone formation but also had thicker trabecular and smaller trabecular spacing. Besides, the CSi-Mg6 and α-TCP groups showed appreciable material biodegradation in the later stage (from 8 to 12 weeks) in comparison with the β-TCP scaffolds while the CSi-Mg6 group showed much outstanding mechanical capacity in vivo in the early stage compared to the β-TCP and α-TCP groups. Totally, these findings suggest that the combination of customized strength-strong bioactive CSi-Mg6 scaffolds together with titanium meshes is a promising way for repairing the large-size load-bearing mandible defects.
Do Robots Increase Wealth Dispersion?
Authors: Gomes Francisco , Jansson Thomas , Karabulut Yigitcan
Published: June 2023

We document significant negative effects of exposure to increased automation at work on household wealth accumulation. Beyond the income and savings channels, we uncover a novel mechanism contributing to the negative wealth effects of automation that arises through the endogenous optimal portfolio decisions of households. We show that households rebalance their financial wealth away from the stock market in response to increased human capital risk induced by pervasive automation, thereby attaining lower wealth levels and relative positions in the wealth distribution. Our evidence suggests that the portfolio channel amplifies the inequality-enhancing effects of increased automation.

Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.
TEFAL S.A.S.’S TRADE MARK APPLICATION
Authors:   Appointed Person (Trade Marks)
Published: June 2023

H1 Trade marks—Applications—Registrability—Distinctiveness—Acquired distinctive character—Ex parte proceedings—Survey evidence—The Interflora guidelines—Registry practice—Appeal to Appointed Person