bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geographic scouts of Central Asia
Authors: Zonn I. S.
Published: September 2022

In the second half of the XIX century . Russia pursued an active policy in the Central Asian khanates, firmly determined to move its border beyond a wide strip of deserts and semi-deserts. At the same time, the rivalry between the Russian and British Empires for influence and control over the Central Asian khanates unfolded. It was a political, diplomatic and geopolitical duel, the so-called “Big Game”, in which intelligence played one of the main roles. To fulfill the tasks facing the intelligence, Russia has attracted scientific historical-geographical and military-topographic expeditions under the auspices of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society (IRGO). It was they who at the end of the XIX century. In a certain part became one of the main activities of the IRGO.

The best officers of the General Staff were attracted to participate in them. It was their heroic efforts that made it possible to fill in the gaps in the knowledge of Central Asia and, especially, its western part of Uyguria (East Turkestan) and Inner Mongolia.

In recent decades, due to the geopolitical processes that are taking place in the Eurasian space, historical, geographical achievements that have become world-wide have again attracted attention. Again, we have to hear about a new “Big Game” that takes place for the same values — resources, territories, trade routes. The tasks and political and technological methods of conducting geopolitical rivalry have changed. However, gratitude should remain in memory for having contributed to the implementation of the foreign policy of the Russian Empire by conducting intelligence research of the expanses of Central Asia.
La globalización capitalista entendida como un juego caótico
Authors: Aranda Javier
Published: September 2022

El capitalismo es un universo no mecanicista que se expande de manera global a partir del aumento constante de la velocidad de la producción promoviendo un desarrollo del caos social. El caos, incentivado por el capitalismo y su producción, se construye a partir de una serie de estrategias en el que los participantes evolucionan el juego a partir del conocimiento de las reglas que transforman su escenario como sistema económico. Este juego plantea un problema basado en que, una minoría de los participantes, condicionan la participación de una mayoría de los participantes que tienen una información incompleta del juego. Esta mayoría, al desconocer con claridad las reglas del juego, y condicionados por el crecimiento de la producción, observan como en su entorno, la realidad en la que viven está envuelta por la incertidumbre social.
Hubungan antara Profil Lipid dengan Kejadian Retinopati Diabetika pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Fasilitas Kesehatan Tingkat Pertama Klinik Tanjung Purwokerto
Authors: Harini Ika Murti , Setyanto Muhamad Rifqy , Gumilas Nur Signa Aini , Ernawati Dwi Arini
Published: September 2022

Diabetic retinopathy is a major microvascular complication due to diabetes mellitus (DM) and prolonged hyperglycemia. One of the risk factors for the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy is lipid profile levels in DM patients. Objectives: To determined the relationship between lipid profile and the incidence of diabetic retinopathy in DM patients who follow the Chronic Disease Management Program at the  first level health facilities Klinik Tanjung Purwokerto. Methods: The number of respondents in this study was 49 people. The independent variables assessed were lipid profiles, including levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and HDL. The dependent variable is the incidence of diabetic retinopathy determined by an ophthalmologist. Statistical analysis to determine the relationship between lipid profile and the incidence of diabetic retinopathy used the Chi-square test and calculated the odds ratio (OR). Results: The results showed that there was no relationship between levels of total cholesterol (p=0.586), triglycerides (p=1), and LDL (0.719) with the incidence of diabetic retinopathy. The statistical analysis results of the relationship between HDL levels and the incidence of diabetic retinopathy were known to have a p-value = 0.046 (OR 4.83; 95% CI 1.23-18.98). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between HDL levels and the incidence of diabetic retinopathy in Type 2 DM patients at the FKTP Klinik Tanjung Purwokerto. DM patients with abnormal HDL levels are 4.83 times more likely to develop diabetic retinopathy than DM patients whose HDL levels are normal.Keywords: diabetes mellitus,  lipid profile, diabetic retinopathy
Ekspresi Protein Sitoplasmik SOCs2 pada Adenokarsinoma Kolorektal: Studi Imunohistokimia
Authors: Azmal Nita Afriani , Intan Shinta Ayu , Tofrizal Tofrizal
Published: September 2022

Inflammatory cytokines have a role in triggering cell signals in colorectal cancer. They increase signaling pathways into cells via the Janus kinase pathway (JAK) - signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) -suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCs) JAK-STAT. SOCs2 protein is a cytoplasmic protein that can inhibit activation of JAK-STAT pathway so that it prevents cascade of signals into the nucleus. This protein is thought to have decreased in adenocarcinoma colorectal. Objectives: To reveal the expression of SOCs2 protein in 37 paraffin block samples in Anatomy Pathology Department Medical Faculty Andalas University. Methods: Data were taken from medical records and histopathology was assessed by HE. SOCs2 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry using SOCs2 polyclonal antibody (bs-1896R). Cytoplasmic expression was counted using Image J software. Results: The average of age was 56.57 years, 21 samples (55.8%) were male, depth of invasion was mostly in the tunica muscularis (T3), and 7 cases of malignancy (18.9%) were poorly differentiated. SOCs2 expression was  5 cases (13.5%).   Conclusion: There was SOCs2 expression in a small proportion of colorectal adenocarcinoma.Keywords:  SOCs2 protein, cytoplasmic inhibitor, JAK-STAT, cell signaling
Perbedaan Tingkat Kecukupan Vitamin A, Zat Besi, dan Zink pada Balita Stunting dan Non Stunting di Kabupaten Banyuasin
Authors: Silaban Titin Dewi Sartika , Rahmadhani Sendy Pratiwi , Sugiman Turiyani
Published: September 2022

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem in toddlers of a shorter height than children his age. The impact of stunting is not only in terms of health but also affects the level of intelligence of children. Toddlers who lack vitamin A, iron, and zinc can cause cognitive and physical impairment and an increased risk of death. Objectives: To determined the difference in the level of adequacy of vitamin A, the level of adequacy of iron and the level of adequacy of zinc in stunting and non-stunted toddlers. Methods: The research was an observational analytic with a cross-sectional design. The sample of this study was 98 toddlers aged 13-23 months in Banyuasin Regency in 2021, collected by simple random sampling technique. The data were collected by using microtoise and food recall 24h (not in arrow). Results: There was a different level of vitamin A adequacy (p-value = 0.002), the level of iron adequacy (p-value = 0.012), and the level of zinc adequacy (p-value = 0.030)  between stunted and not stunted toddlers. Conclusion: There are differences in the level of adequacy of vitamin A, iron, and zinc between stunted and non-stunted in toddlers.Keywords: stunting, vitamin A, iron, zinc
Three Levels of Perception of Socio-political Conflict, or Another Damage to Human Nature
Authors: Gusev Dmitrii Alekseevich , Potaturov Vasilii Aleksandrovich
Published: September 2022

Major socio-political changes, as a rule, split society into their supporters and opponents. Each side creates its own humanitarian picture of the world, declaring it true, and the opponents' ideas as a delusion. In the minds of representatives of each of the parties to the conflict, a kind of segregation appears on the "right" and "wrong", which is one of the manifestations of damage to human nature, which brings suffering to a person, and disasters to society. The relevance of the topic is determined by the search for the causes of this damage and ways to overcome it – for the harmonization of both human and social life. The object of the study is universal generic damage, and the subject is its segregational manifestation during periods of major social conflicts. The novelty of the conducted research consists in an attempt to synthesize scientific and theological discourses in the conditions of modern post-secularism and substantiating the fact that in the coordinates of purely secular consciousness it is impossible to find the real causes of human damage and effective ways to overcome it, as everyone can see empirically by the example of their own life path. One of the main conclusions of the study is that a person's attitude to the socio-political split can be represented as three-part hierarchically, where the emotional, theoretical-methodological and metaphysical, or religious, or Christian level are distinguished. The first is characterized by misanthropic segregation and separation, the second by skepticism and ideological neutrality, where there is no division, but there is no unification, and the third by repentance and humility, healing the damage to our nature and leading to fraternal unification, human happiness and social prosperity.
Tropology or the doctrine of realities?
Authors: Rozin Vadim Markovich
Published: September 2022

The author analyzes S.S. Neretina's ideas and concept of tropology, comparing this discourse with the doctrine of reality, which he has been developing for many years. He agrees with Neretina's position that the work is a way of transforming a person, sets the task of understanding the idea and discourse of tropology, notes that where Neretina talks about paths and turns, he uses the expression "change of realities" or "change of events in a certain reality". Neretina's understanding of the concept of tropes is analyzed, not just as a turn and a change of point of view, but also as a desire to escape from traditional, everyday life, the events of which are absurd and random, as a discourse that changes vision and thinking, finally, as a change in the basic reality (there was a God, there was a Word, then the world created by the Word). To understand, the author analyzes two cases in which metaphors were clearly used (one of the types of trope); the purpose is to demonstrate reconstruction using the concepts of the doctrine of realities, as well as to test the possibilities of tropology. The example of Neretina's path about the king is analyzed, in this case it is both a turn and a turn within the framework of the Christian worldview. In the first case, the author points to a reality that is difficult to identify with the main one, due to the fact that we have either lost our understanding of it or are dealing with many, different realities in the absence of the main one. In the second case, it is said either about splitting from the Christian ultimate reality, yet one of the main characters is God, or simply about a conceivable and imaginary reality, which is naturally very problematic to implement. At the end of the study, it is concluded that the discourse of tropology is complementary to the author's discourse of the doctrine of realities.
Aesthetic experience and aesthetic perception in the study of the image of the Russian estate: phenomenological aspects
Authors: Kaigorodova Vladislava Sergeevna
Published: September 2022

The object of the study is the currently formed image of the Russian manor in its aesthetic interpretation, and the subject is the Russian noble manor from the point of view of the peculiarities of its perception. Turning to history, the author noticed that the existence of the estate as a material building largely depended on the observer's interest in it, and it was he who formed its status throughout the existence of the estate. However, although the image of the estate has been addressed in various periods from the point of view of history, art, culture and architecture, one can find a little study of it from the observer, whose role, according to the author, should not be underestimated. The author suggests starting the research that can establish and describe this role by establishing the Russian estate as a work of art, not only possessing the aura that V. Benjamin wrote about, but also capable of generating an atmosphere. The atmosphere differs from the aura in that it is not enclosed in the object of art, but forms the space around it. It is also important to distinguish three sides of the modern perception of the Russian estate: the interest of others in it, personal interest and the ratio of their own and others' interest. It is in the correlation of interest, aura and uniqueness of each act of its perception that the significance of aesthetic experience and aesthetic perception lies in the study of the image of the Russian estate.
Pengaruh Lama Pelayuan dan Pencacahan Daun Serai Wangi (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt ex Bor) pada Rendemen dan Mutu Citronella Oil
Authors: Gumelar Ayung Musthafa , Ersan Ersan , Supriyatdi Dedi
Published: September 2022

Lemongrass plants (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt ex Bor), used for their own essential oils through the distillation process. Before distillation process, lemongrass leaves are usually withered to reduce air content, and also reduce their size to be more effectively extraction. The research to study the effect of withering and chopping of citronella leaves before being distilled, on the yield and quality of lemongrass oil produced. The study was conducted in a Randomized Block Design, with factorial arrangement, the first factor withered (0, 1, 2, and 3 x 24 hours) and the second factor was the size of the material (chopped and not chopped). Waterand steam distillation were used. The observations made on the raw material water content, yield, specific gravity, total citronellal, total geraniol, solubility in alcohol, and color. The length of withering affected the yield and total geraniol, the size of the material affected the total geraniol. The length of withering with the size of the material affected the total citronellal, where the total citronellal of the chopped material is higher than the not-chopped, and the longer withering made the total citronellal of citronella oil is higher. The length of withering with the size of the material of citronella leaves does not affect specific gravity, solubility in alcohol, and the color of citronella oil.
Inovasi Biopolybag Ramah Lingkungan dari Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Diperkuat dengan Bahan Isian Sekam Padi
Authors: Saragih Alviyer , Oktaviani Oktaviani , Dwi Oktoria Widi , Ekawati Rina , Hetalesi Saputri Lestari
Published: September 2022

Used plastic in the form of polybags in the rehabilitation of plantation and agricultural land takes a very long time to be degraded naturally by sunlight (photodegradation) and soil microorganisms (biodegradation). One way to overcome this deficiency is to make bio polybags that function as nursery containers. This research aims to make biopolybags from empty fruit bunches (EFB) more environmentally friendly because they are easily decomposed into natural fertilizers for plants. The research was carried out from June to September 2021 at The Processing Technology Laboratory and Material Laboratory, LPP Polytechnic. Bio polybag is made in several stages, i.e. grinding, mixing of materials and adhesives, shaping, drying and mechanical testings. Mechanical tests carried out are compressive tests, tensile strength tests, and hardness tests, and to confirm the results, a density test was performed. Each mechanical property test was repeated three times. The samples represent each variation of the variables. The best bio polybag result is the bio polybag of EFB, which is reinforced by a 6 g rice husk filler with a tapioca adhesive of a measure of 20%. The highest test value obtained is: 1,495 kg.cm-2 for press strength value; 404,46 kgf.cm-2 (39,67 MPa) for tensile strength; and 63,99 HV for hardness value. The existence of this bio polybag is expected to replace the plastic that is difficult to degrade because it can decompose quickly, is more practical to be planted directly, and does not cause root damage during seedling.
Respons Pertumbuhan Bibit Kelapa Sawit dengan Pemberian Kompos Pelepah, Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit, dan Air Cucian Beras
Authors: Ariyanti Mira , Firma Farin Gelsbrata , Rosniawaty Santi , Suherman Cucu
Published: September 2022

In oil palm plantations, compost application for plants aims to support a sustainable cropping system. The study aimed to determine the effect of oil palm midrib compost, oil palm empty fruit bunches and rice washing water on the growth of oil palm seedlings in the main nursery. The experiment was conducted at the Ciparanje Experimental Garden, Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University, from February 2020 to August 2020. The experiment was conducted using an experimental method using a randomised block design consisting of twelve treatments with three replications. The treatments included the application of inorganic fertilisers, oil palm midrib compost, oil palm empty fruit bunch compost and rice washing water either singly or in a combination of the three. Observations were made on the variables of increase in plant height, increase in stem girth, increase in the number of palm midribs, and leaf chlorophyll content. The F (Fisher) test analysed observational data at a 95% confidence level, followed by Duncan's multiple range test at a 95% confidence level. Data analysis using the SASM-Agri application. A mixture of 1.600 g of oil palm midrib compost, 100 g of oil palm empty fruit bunch compost with 500 ml of rice washing water can be used as a reference for the composition of organic fertiliser for oil palm seedlings, especially its effect on the increase of stem girth and leaf chlorophyll content.
Kelayakan Finansial Usahatani Kopi Arabika di Kecamatan Way Ratai Kabupaten Pesawaran
Authors: Ayu Permata Liana Tasmania , Erry Prasmatiwi Fembriarti , Abidin Zainal
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kelayakan finansial dan kelayakan non finansial dari usahatani kopi arabika dan usahatani kopi robusta.  Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Way Ratai, Kabupaten Pesawaran pada bulan Februari 2020.  Sampel yang digunakan terdiri dari 16 petani kopi arabika yang diambil menggunakan metode sensus dan 30 petani kopi robusta yang diambil menggunakan metode simple random sampling.  Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis berupa analisis kelayakan finansial dan analisis kelayakan non finansial berdasarkan aspek teknis, aspek ekonomis, aspek sosial, aspek pasar, dan aspek lingkungan.  Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa usahatani kopi arabika dan usahatani kopi robusta menguntungkan dan layak diusahakan.  Usahatani kopi arabika memiliki nilai NPV sebesar Rp358.693.372 dan usahatani kopi robusta sebesar Rp116.446.261.  Usahatani kopi arabika memiliki nilai Net B/C sebesar 35,94 dan usahatani kopi robusta sebesar 13,32.  Usahatani kopi arabika memiliki nilai Gross B/C sebesar 2,91 dan usahatani kopi robusta sebesar 1,70.  Nilai Payback Period dari usahatani kopi arabika adalah 3,90 dan usahatani kopi robusta adalah 5,07.  Usahatani kopi arabika memiliki nilai IRR sebesar 86% dan usahatani kopi robusta sebesar 56% yang berarti lebih tinggi dari tingkat suku bunga yang berlaku.  Usahatani kopi arabika dan usahatani kopi robusta masih menguntungkan meskipun biaya produksi naik sebesar 2,98%, hasil produksi turun sebesar 17,27%, harga jual kopi arabika turun sebesar 12,48%, dan harga jual kopi robusta turun sebesar 18%.  Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa usahatani kopi arabika dan usahatani kopi robusta layak diusahakan.
Financial Feasibility Of Shrimp Paste Kecepai (Acetes Indicus) Production In Pangkalan Susu, Langkat Regency
Authors: Simarsoit Jerri , Yulinda Eni , Bathara Lamun
Published: September 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu: menghitung besar investasi dan pendapatan usaha pembuatan terasi di Desa Pulau Kampai, Kecamatan Pangkalan Susu dan menganalisis  kelayakan pada usaha pengolahan terasi udang Kecepai (Acetes indicus) berdasarkan aspek finansial menggunakan analisis kriteria investasi tidak terdiskonto dan terdiskonto serta sensitivitas. Metode analisis yang digunalan adalah metode survey, responden ditentukan secara sensus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi secara langsung dengan pengusaha terasi kecepai yang berjumlah 32 orang. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan Besar investasi untuk usaha pembuatan terasi udang kecepai skala mikro sebesar Rp8.089.018,-, dan skala kecil sebesar Rp12.425.200,-. dan hasil perhitungan analisis investasi tidak terdiskonto BEP volume dan harga produksi saat tidak musim maupun musim dalam sebulan skala mikro dan kecil dinyatakan layak untuk dilanjutkan karena melampaui titik impas. Sedang ROI saat tidak musim dan musim skala mikro dan kecil dinyatakan tidak layak karena lebih kecil dari satu. Untuk perhitungan kriteria investasi terdiskonto didapatkan yaitu NPV, IRR, B/C Ratio, PP, skala mikro dan kecil dinyatakan layak untuk dikembangkan karena memenuhi kriteria kelayakan. Sedangkan jika dilakukan analisis sensitivitas ada salah satu skrenario yang membuat usaha tersebut tidak layak yaitu penurunan harga jual dan kenaikan biaya variabel.
Sektor Pertanian untuk Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Regional Lampung
Authors: Ambya Ambya , Fitriani Fitriani , Zaini Muhammad , Andya Bellapama Intan
Published: September 2022

Agricultural sector is a major contributor in the economic structure of Lampung.  More than 44,75% people work in agricultural sector. However, the productivity of the agricultural sector was lower than other economic sectors. This study was conducted to analyze the development of agricultural sector based on the condition of the output, added value, and supply contribution basis. Method of cross-tabulation analysis was conducted on Input Output Table Lampung in 2010. The results of the analysis showed that the agricultural sector in Lampung province was still dominant in the economic structure of the region. But attention to the downward trend that occurred in each sub-sector needs to be paid because stagnation and slowing growth rate will be higher. Output contributions of agricultural sector were dominated by food crops, fisheries, plantation, and livestock. Meanwhile, the greatest added value contributor were primary agricultural sector and the food industry in the downstream (agroindustry). However, no sectors that have the largest distribution in Lampung are directly related to agriculture.
Mempercepat Perkecambahan Benih Asam Jawa (Tamarindus indica Linn) Menggunakan Metode Perendaman
Authors: Panataria Lince Romauli , J. Manalu Chichi , Sitorus Efbertias
Published: September 2022

ABSTRAK

Asam Jawa termasuk benih ortodok yang memiliki kulit benih yang bersifat impermeabel sehingga benih sulit untuk ditembus oleh air pada saat proses imbibisi terjadi, sehingga benih memiliki masa dormansi yang lebih lama dan dibutuhkan suatu perlakuan khusus untuk mempercepat perkecambahan benih. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan perlakuan perendaman benih pada larutan PGPR dengan konsentrasi dan lama perendaman yang berbeda dengan tujuan untuk mempercepat perkecambahan benih asam jawa sehingga waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk mengecambahkan benih bisa lebih cepat. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan adalah dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari Lama Perendaman (L) yaitu L1: 2 jam; L2: 4 jam; L3: 6 jam dan Konsentrasi PGPR (P) yaitu P0: Tanpa konsentrasi PGPR (kontrol); P1: 10 ml/L air; P2: 20 ml/L air dan P3: 30 ml/L air. Seluruh kombinasi perlakuan adalah sebanyak 12 kombinasi dan tiap kombinasi perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Benih asam Jawa direndam sesuai dengan perlakuan dan dikeringanginkan kemudian dikecambahkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perendaman benih hingga 6 jam dengan konsentrasi PGPR hingga 30 ml/L air dapat mempercepat perkecambahan benih hingga 4 hst, daya kecambah 100%, indeks vigor 2.5 %, Indeks Kecepatan Perkecambahan (%) 1%. 

Kata Kunci : Asam Jawa, PGPR, perendaman benih
Farmers' Perspectives on the Threat of Unsustainable Risk of Coffee Farming in Lampung, Indonesia
Authors: Fitriani Fitriani , Arifin Bustanul , Prasmatiwi Fembruari Erry , Ismono R Hanung , Lestari Dyah Aring Hepiana , Sutarni Sutarni , Kuswadi Didik
Published: September 2022

This study conducted to analysis the unsustainable risk of coffee farming based on the farmer’s perspective. The field survey set with questioner as a tool in exploring the farmers’ condition.  The method of analysis applied Chi-square and regression model. The results indicated that coffee farmer’s perspectives on risk significantly differ based on the education level.  Environment risk conditions referred to land degradation, decrease water quality, and water shortage, biodiversity loss, and global warming impact.  The economics risk referred to land certainty and decrease of yield (failure).  On the other side, the coffee farming income has determined by land area, a number of coffee trees, land tenure, and the participation in the certification scheme.
Pertumbuhan Kedelai pada Kondisi Cekaman Salinitas dengan Pemberian Ekstrak Kulit Buah Nanas (Ananas comosus L)
Authors: Suryaman Maman , Kurniati Fitri , Khaerunisa Hani
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi ekstrak kulit buah nanas dalam memperbaiki pertumbuhan kedelai akibat cekaman salinitas. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Siliwangi dari bulan Oktober hingga bulan November 2020. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksperimental dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan pola faktorial. Faktor 1 yaitu cekaman salinitas dengan 3 taraf ( Na Cl 0 % = DHL 0,56 mS cm-1, Na Cl 0,5 % = DHL 7,59 mS cm-1, dan Na Cl 1 % = DHL 8,25 mS cm-1), faktor 2 yaitu konsentrasi ekstrak kulit buah nanas (0 %, 1 %, dan 2 %), dengan ulangan 3 kali. Data yang diamati terdiri dari:  luas daun, kadar air relatif daun, kadar klorofil daun, dan bobot kering tanaman. Data dianalisis dengan Anova dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji Duncan pada taraf α 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efek interaksi antara cekaman salinitas dengan ekstrak kulit buah nanas terhadap pertumbuhan kedelai tidak nyata. Cekaman salinitas mereduksi luas daun, kadar air relatif daun, kadar klorofil, dan bobot kering tanaman kedelai, sedangkan pemberian ekstrak kulit buah nanas dapat meningkatkan luas daun, kadar klorofil dan bobot kering tanaman kedelai. Dengan demikian ekstrak kulit buah nanas berpotensi dapat memperbaiki pertumbuhan kedelai pada kondisi cekaman salinitas.

Kata kunci : cekaman salinitas, ekstrak kulit nanas, kedelai, pertumbuhan.
APLIKASI KITOSAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN ANGGREK DENDROBIUM SONIA PADA TAHAP AKLIMATISASI
Authors: Bani Raisah , Dewanti Parawita , Restanto Didik Pudji , Widuri Laily Ilman , Alfian Firdha Narulita
Published: September 2022

Anggrek Dendrobium merupakan salah satu tanaman hias yang bernilai ekonomis tinggi. Minat masyarakat pada anggrek khususnya jenis Dendrobium cukup tinggi dan mendominasi pasar sehingga kebutuhan bibit anggrek jenis ini juga semakin tinggi. Tahapan kritis dalam menentukan keberhasilan pertumbuhan bibit anggrek juga ditentukan oleh teknik aklimatisasi. Perbedaan kondisi lingkungan pada tahap aklimatisasi dapat menyebabkan planlet mengalami transpirasi berlebihan dan mengganggu penyerapan nutrisi. Kitosan sebagai bahan organik alami merupakan turunan sederhana dari kitin yang dapat berfungsi sebagai biofertilizer dan bioimmuner. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui respon pertumbuhan bibit anggrek terhadap pemberian kitosan untuk keberhasilan tahap aklimastisasi. Metode penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan satu faktor yaitu konsentrasi kitosan. Tahap aklimatisasi dengan menngunakan aplikasi kitosan dengan konsentrasi 0 ppm, 2 ppm, 2,5 ppm, 3 ppm, 3,5 ppm, 4 ppm, 4,5 ppm dan 5 ppm. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya dianalisis ragam dengan uji F pada taraf 5%. Perlakuan yang berpengaruh nyata diuji lanjut dengan Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian kitosan dengan konsentrasi 3 ppm berpengaruh nyata dalam meningkatkan parameter presentase tumbuh tanaman, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, lebar daun, panjang daun, panjang akar, jumlah akar, dan berat segar tanaman anggrek Dendrobium sonia pada tahap aklimatisasi.
Preliminary Study Of Nitrate Production By Plasma Discharge As Potential Fertilizer Material
Authors: Waskito Adi , Lisdiana Anisya , Wahab Herkuswyna Isnaniyah , Firmansyah Rendra Dwi , Aripin Ipin , Syamsi Djohar , Luvita Veny
Published: September 2022

Nitrogen-based fertilizer production mainly involves the Haber-Bosch process, which synthesizes Ammonia via a chemical reaction of N2 from the air and H2 under high temperature and pressure conditions in the presence of a catalyst. However, the environmental concern for greenhouse gas emissions and high energy consumption triggers other Nitrogen fixation method development. The non-thermal plasma oxidation of N2 into Nitrate is a promising method since it has lower energy consumption and a more suitable process condition with a better environmental profile. This study tested the designed plasma discharge reactor tube to produce nitrate from air N2 with varying voltage, time, and airflow rate operating conditions. Nitrate concentration was analyzed using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results show that nitrate concentration changes linearly with the applied voltage in a constant airflow rate and length of treatment time. The highest performance of the plasma discharge reactor was achieved on a 6 kV applied voltage with a flow rate of 0.2 L/min and a treatment time of 40 minutes where the obtained nitrate concentration was 7.7 ppm, which indicated the potential plasma discharged nitrate production for green fertilizer application. Further study shall be carried out to enhance the performance.
Analysis of the Adoption Rate of BATAN Mutant Rice Varieties in the Musi Rawas Area
Authors: Amin Zaini , Andry Andry , Humaidi Edy
Published: September 2022

The adoption of innovations of superior mutant rice varieties expected to help communities overcome hunger and food insecurity by providing easier access to food for poor people in rural areas. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of adoption of farmers for irradiated rice and analyze the factors that influence farmers in adopting irradiated rice. This research was conducted from October to November 2018 in Musi Rawas Regency using a survey method. Data obtained from interviews with 75 farmers who have applied the mutant variety. Survey data obtained were analyzed using SEM. The results showed that the technology adoption rate of mutant rice varieties reached the experimental stage; and There are three latent constructs that are significantly (ρ <0.01) positively correlated, namely: farmer preference (X2) to adoption rate (Y1), support of extension agent (X5) to farmer characteristics (X1) and farmer preference (X2).
Determination of strength characteristics of elements of long-stroke piston compressor
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Chernyavsky D. I. , Chernyavsky D. D. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Panyutich A. A. ,   Joint Stock Company Scientific Technical Complex «Cryogenic Technology»
Published: September 2022

The work analyzes the strength calculation of the long rod of the piston of the long-stroke piston compressor designed to obtain excess gas pressure. The pressure increase in one compressor stage can increase to 120 times the initial gas pressure. Criteria of strength calculation of piston rod are defined at which it is necessary to use either method of rod calculation for strength or model of rod calculation for stability. Conclusions have been drawn and practical recommendations are given that can be used in the design of compressor stages.
Analysis of vibrations of rolling bearings of machine mechanisms
Authors:   Zabaikalsky Institute of Railway Transport, Ilinykh V. A. , Lineytsev V. Yu. ,   Zabaikalsky Institute of Railway Transport
Published: September 2022

The article analyzes the vibrations of rolling bearings and their influence on the operation of bearings. An increase in the speed of operation and a boost in power and forces cause an increase in the intensity of vibration fields. The impact of vibrations leads to a change in the characteristics of the contacting surfaces, an increase in friction at the joints and heating of the conjugations. The article describes the factors disturbing vibrations in the joints of machine parts. Ways to reduce vibrations are formulated, including as a result of the use of various lubricants. The analysis of the operability of the rolling bearings of the machine components before and after the use of repair and recovery compounds in lubricants is carried out. The use of repair and restoration compounds based on mineral additives and its addition to the lubricant makes it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of repair and restoration compounds on the processes of friction and wear in rolling bearings. The use of liquid lubricants with mineral additives with a particle dispersion of up to 10 microns during lubrication makes it possible to reduce the noise level and significantly reduce the vibration level in the rolling bearings of machine mechanisms.
Methodological approaches and goal-setting for development of indicators of production manufacturability of orders and processes
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design, Sirotina L. K.
Published: September 2022

The article is devoted to the problem of forming the necessary reference information about the generalized indicators of the production manufacturability of products, orders and processes based on the results of organizational preparation when planning the order-by-order production of small-scale products of textile and clothing enterprises. The development of the necessary background information on the indicators of material intensity and labor intensity of orders will allow to systematize the process of their comprehensive preparation and production planning, taking into account the existing organizational and technical conditions and efficiency requirements. The approaches, the purpose and objectives of calculation and the directions of evaluation of generalized indicators of production manufacturability of orders and processes for the needs of volume and calendar planning of production in the conditions of enterprises of the studied industry are described.
Implementation of the program process of preparation for starting tank engine under low temperatures
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Yadrov V. I. , Pepelyaev A. V. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Gerasimov S. D. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Weber V. S. ,   Omsk State Technical University
Published: September 2022

In the presented work, the justification of the need to install a system of the program process of starting the heater on the objects of armored vehicles is given. The analysis of the currently available works on this topic is made. According to the authors, the main shortcomings in the proposed approaches to solving the problem are identified. The article proposes a technical solution that allows to minimize the participation of the driver in the pre-start preparation of the tank engine. A forecast is made for further improvement of the developed system, which allows to significantly raise the level of combat readiness of military units.
Dificuldades no diagnóstico das manifestações orais da Doença de Crohn
Authors: Mendonça Rayssa Sawan , Borges Geisa Ribeiro , Lima Pedro de Lacerda , Sandoval Eduardo Guerra Barbosa
Published: September 2022

Objetivo: Relatar o caso de paciente jovem do sexo masculino com história de ulcerações orais recorrentes e graves, porém sem sintomas gastrointestinais. Detalhamentos de caso: Durante a investigação do caso após internação em hospital geral, foi diagnosticada doença de Crohn de intestino grosso, porém com manifestações orais importantes. Paciente com histórico de lesões ulceradas importantes e intermitentes em mucosa oral há quatro anos. Relatou aumento da frequência do surgimento das lesões no último ano, e há um mês da data de internação, iniciou quadro de odinofagia, hiporexia e perda ponderal de sete quilos. Ao exame do aparelho respiratório apresentou murmúrios vesiculares fisiologicamente distribuído.Colonoscopia resultou Cólon ascendente com deformidade no Ceco, ulcerações aftoides, hiperemia e distorção do aspecto no local Válvula Ileocecal deformada com lesões aftoides e edema, que impossibilitou a passagem do aparelho para o íleo terminal. Considerações finais: O caso tem relevância por se tratar de apresentação incomum dessa doença inflamatória intestinal, sendo realizada também revisão bibliográfica sobre o assunto que demonstrou haver poucos relatos no mundo semelhantes. Sugere-se que o profissional de saúde deve estar atento também a essa forma de manifestação da doença de Crohn.
Dysbiosis of Gut Microbiota in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Paneri Manita , Sevta Prashant
Published: September 2022

The diversity of bacteria, viruses, eukaryotic organisms, and archaea that live in the gastrointestinal tract and have coevolved with the host over thousands of years to establish a complex and advantageous relationship is referred to as the “gut microbiota” or “gut microbiome.” The numerous and diverse gut microbiota play an important role mostly in the betterment of human health by facilitating the breakdown of food to release nutrients that would otherwise be inaccessible to the host, encouraging host cells proliferation and differentiation, defending the host against pathogen colonization, and activating or modulating the immune system. The gut microbial community plays an important role in protecting the host against pathogenic microbes, modulating immunity, and regulating metabolic processes and is even regarded as an endocrine organ. The term “dysbiosis” refers to the imbalance of the gut bacterial microbiota, which has been linked to several disorders such as cardiovascular diseases, obesity, irritable bowel syndrome, colorectal cancer, and sepsis. During cardiac surgery, intestinal ischemia-reperfusion causes an inflammatory response throughout the body. Since the intestines are an organ that is vulnerable to ischemia, germs and endotoxins can move between organs. As a consequence, the gut leads to sepsis after surgery. Next-generation sequencing technologies have enabled analysis of a large number of microorganisms. Metagenomics can be used to study intestinal microbiome diversity and dysbiosis, as well as its relationship to health and disease. Sequence-based and multifunctional metagenomics will also provide insights that will lead to greater knowledge than it is ever been of the structural and functional microbiomes.
Pustular lesions in the neonate: Focused diagnostic approach based on clinical clues
Authors: Afra TP , Daroach Manju , Mahajan Rahul , De Dipankar , Handa Sanjeev
Published: September 2022

Pustules in a neonate can be due to various causes. Though the majority of conditions causing pustules in a neonate are benign, it is essential to clearly differentiate these from serious ones. A systematic approach based on detailed history and clinical examination of the neonate along with basic laboratory evaluation narrows down diagnostic possibilities and aids in the correct diagnosis. This review outlines a step-by-step approach so as to avoid clinical dilemmas and unnecessary intervention.
EFEKTIVITAS FUNGI MIKORIZA ARBUSKULA DAN JENIS BATUAN FOSFAT TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN LIDAH BUAYA STADIA BIBIT PADA TANAH GAMBUT
Authors: Zulfita Dwi
Published: September 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh inokulasi FMA, jenis batuan fosfat dan interaksinya terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman lidah buaya stadia bibit serta mencari takaran FMA dan jenis batuan fosfat yang terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman lidah buaya stadis bibit pada tanah gambut. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di rumah kasa dan Laboratorium Biologi Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Tanjungpura Pontianak. Penelitian berlangsung dari bulan Oktober 2013 sampai dengan bulan Februari 2014. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan rancangan perlakuan faktorial 4 x 4 tata letak acak lengkap (CRD) dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor Inokulasi FMA (M) terdiri dari 4 aras yaitu m0 (tanpa inokulasi FMA), m1 (5 g FMA/polybag), m2 (10 g FMA/polybag) dan m3 (15 g FMA/polybag). Faktor Jenis Batuan Fosfat (P) terdiri dari 4 aras yaitu p1 (233 kg SP-36/ha), p2 (307 kg Agipt Rock Phosphate/ha), ­p3 (268 kg China Rock Phosphate/ha) dan p4 (629 kg Chrismast Rock Phosphate/ha). Variabel yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah persentase akar terinfeksi (%), serapan P (g), jumlah pelepah daun dan tinggi tanaman (cm). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian berbagai jenis fosfat   alam tidak meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman lidah buaya pada stadia bibit. Inokulasi dengan FMA takaran 5 g/polybag tidak meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman lidah buaya stadia bibit. Inokulasi dengan takaran FMA hingga 10 g/polybag dan 15 g/polybag cenderung tidak berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan pertumbuhan tanaman. Interaksi inokulasi  FMA dengan takaran 10 g/polybag dan  jenis batuan fosfat China Rock Phosphate memberikan pertumbuhan tanaman lidah buaya stadia bibit yang terbaik pada tanah gambut.
ANALISIS PENGEMBANGAN KAWASAN HORTIKULTURA DENGAN APLIKASI SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS DAN ANALYTHICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP)
Authors: Krisnohadi Ari , Riduansyah Riduansyah
Published: September 2022

Pertanian terpadu untuk komoditas unggulan hortikultura Kabupaten Kayong Utara, khususnya di Kecamatan Simpang Hilir dan Seponti Jaya, dapat dikembangkan berdasarkan ciri agroklimat dan lahan, serta sumberdaya manusia/petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan kawasan hortikultura berdasarkan kriteria biogeofisik lahan dan persepsi  ahli dengan menggunakan analisis spasial dan Anaythical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelas kesesuaian lahan aktual untuk tanaman hortikultura kelompok tanaman sayuran yang paling dominan adalah kelas S2 na/nr dengan faktor pembatas unsur hara tanah dan pH tanah. Kelas kesesuaian untuk kelompok tanaman buah-buahan didominasi oleh kelas S3 – na (faktor pembatas nutrisi tanah), dan kelompok tanaman biofarmaka didominasi oleh kelas kesesuaian lahan S3-nr (faktor pembatas pH tanah). Hasil pembobotan kriteria AHP yang tertinggi menunjukkan bahwa pengambilan keputusan untuk tanaman hortikultura dipengaruhi oleh pendapatan dan transfer teknologi untuk budidaya kelompok tanaman buah-buahan dan biofarmaka.
LUMPUR LAUT SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PENGGANTI KAPUR UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIVITAS TANAH GAMBUT
Authors: Suswati Denah
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan taraf dosis lumpur laut dari konversi dosis kapur pada pH yang sama pada setiap Satuan Peta Tanah (SPT) yaitu SPT 1 (Typic Haplohemist), SPT 3 (Typic Sulfisaprist) dan SPT 4 (Typic Haplosaprist) yang berasal dari lahan gambut dari Rasau Jaya III, Kecamatan Rasau Jaya, Kabupaten Kubu Raya, Kalimantan Barat. Penelitian dilaksanakan di rumah kaca, sedangkan analisis tanah dilakukan di laboratorium Kimia dan Kesuburan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Tanjungpura. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Pola Faktorial yang terdiri dari 2 set penelitian yaitu penelitian (1)  menggunakan 3 satuan peta tanah (SPT) dengan 5 taraf dosis kapur yaitu 0, 5, 8, 11, 14 ton ha-1. Penelitian (2) menggunakan 3 satuan peta tanah (3 SPT) dengan 5 taraf dosis lumpur laut yaitu 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 ton ha-1 dan masing-masing perlakuan diulang 4 kali. Analisis tanah sesuai variabel pengamatan dilakukan setelah inkubasi (3 minggu setelah perlakuan). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebutuhan kapur dan lumpur laut semakin meningkat pada setiap SPT dengan semakin meningkatnya pH tanah yang akan dicapai. Perbandingan jumlah lumpur laut yang diperlukan untuk mencapai pH yang sama pada masing-masing SPT bervariasi antara 7-14 kali lebih besar dibandingkan dengan jumlah  kapur.
Diverse Alkyl–Silyl Cross-Coupling via Homolysis of Unactivated C(sp3)–O Bonds with the Cooperation of Gold and Amphoteric Oxides
Authors: Miura Hiroki , Doi Masafumi , Yasui Yuki , Masaki Yosuke , Nishio Hidenori , Shishido Tetsuya
Published: September 2022

Since C(sp3)–O bonds are a ubiquitous chemical motif in both natural and artificial organic molecules, the universal transformation of C(sp3)–O bonds will be a key technology for achieving carbon neutrality. We report herein that gold nanoparticles supported on amphoteric metal oxides efficiently generated alkyl radicals via homolysis of unactivated C(sp3)–O bonds, which consequently promoted C(sp3)–Si bond formation to give diverse organosilicon compounds. A wide array of esters and ethers which are either commercially available or easily synthesized from alcohols participated in the heterogeneous gold-catalyzed silylation by disilanes to give diverse alkyl-, allyl-, benzyl- and allenylsilanes in high yields. In addition, this novel reaction technology for C(sp3)–O bond transformation could be applied to the upcycling of polyesters, i.e., the degradation of polyester and the synthesis of organosilanes were realized concurrently by the unique catalysis of supported gold nanoparticles. Mechanistic studies corroborated the notion that the generation of alkyl radicals is involved in C(sp3)–Si coupling and the cooperation of gold and an acid-base pair on amphoteric oxides is responsible for the homolysis of stable C(sp3)–O bonds. The high reusability and air-tolerance of the heterogeneous gold catalysts as well as a simple, scalable, and green reaction system not only enabled the practical synthesis of diverse organosilicon compounds, but also contributed to the progress toward carbon neutrality.
Biomimetic Photo-Switches Softening Model Lipid Membranes
Authors: Pecourneau Jeremy , Losantos Raul , Delova Anastasiia , Bernhard Yann , Parant Stephane , Mourer Maxime , Pasc Andreea , Monari Antonio
Published: September 2022

We report the synthesis and characterization of a novel photo-switch based on biomimetic cyclocurcumin analogous and interacting with lipid bilayer, which can be used in the framework of oxygen-independent light induce therapy. More specifically, by using molecular dynamics simulations and free energy techniques, we show that the inclusion of hydrophobic substituents is needed to allow internalization in the lipid membrane. After having confirmed that the substituents do not preclude the efficient photoisomerization, we show that the chromophore is internalized in both lipid vesicles and monomolecular film, inducing their fluidification. The irradiation of the chromophore-loaded lipid aggregate modifies their properties due to the different organization of the two isomers. In particular a competition between a fast structural reorganization and a slower expulsion of the chromophore after isomerization can be observed. This report paves the way for future investigations in the optimization of biomimetic photoswitches potentially useful in modern light-induced therapeutic strategies