bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Vertical Stiffness of the Front Axle Air Springs for Passenger Bus by Experimental and Finite Element Analysis
Authors: KASIM Hasan , ÖZKAN Erol
Published: March 2023

Air Springs have been used for years, especially in commercial vehicles and buses, to maintain the vehicle's height regardless of the load and increase vehicle comfort. It is complex to experimentally determine the changes (reaction force, extension, strain) caused by loading alone to fully interpret the damping ability of air springs under operating conditions. The air springs are exposed to tension and force in different directions as they are made of a rubber composite structure. Therefore, discussing the damping properties of air springs with only the experimental method is difficult. The study aims to obtain information about the damping behavior of the bellows produced from composite materials, such as bellows under static loads, using both experimental and finite element analysis models. The finite element model of the air springs was obtained by modeling the three parts that provide its integrity. The material definitions required for the composite structure were determined by experimental methods and entered into the FEA program. No material is defined for rigid body members. The results of unidirectional and multidirectional tensile tests performed in a laboratory environment were used for material properties. The characteristics of the air were also entered into the analysis software with the information taken from the literature. The analyzes were carried out in three steps inflating the bellows to the specified pressure values, vertical movement, and compression to the specified displacement value. In this study, it was seen that the cord fabrics in rubber composite structures were affected more by excessive tension than rubber material, and the deviation of the static stiffness value was approximately 5% between the experimental study and the analysis studies. Thanks to FEA studies, it has been determined that more results can be obtained regarding values such as regional stress, force, and displacement in the bellows.
Patrimonio industrial minero en la provincia de Cáceres, difusión e intervención didáctica para Primaria
Authors: Pulido Nevado Teresa , Jaraíz Cabanillas Francisco Javier
Published: March 2023

Los recursos minerales encontrados en la zona que posteriormente ocuparía el poblado minero de Cáceres y su directa relación con la mina de Costanaza, Logrosán, centran el proyecto educativo propuesto para trabajar con el alumnado, transmitiendo sus orígenes y antecedentes culturales. La explotación de estos recursos minerales conllevó una modificación del territorio y del paisaje, generando el desarrollo de los complejos arquitectónicos que darían lugar a la aparición del patrimonio cultural minero en el que se centra el proyecto. Las consecuencias económicas, demográficas e industriales que generaron estas explotaciones provocaron un gran auge y dinamismo de los núcleos de población en los que se encontraban, lo que propició que la población se incrementase considerablemente, puesto que estas actividades requerían el desarrollo considerable de infraestructuras asociadas (como el transporte y almacenamiento), demandando una cuantiosa mano de obra. Esto a su vez generó un gran crecimiento industrial, pues estos minerales se trataban y reconvertían en productos que se destinaban al comercio nacional e internacional. El objetivo general del trabajo es desarrollar una propuesta de innovación educativa para los estudiantes de educación Primaria, con la idea de ampliar sus conocimientos sobre el patrimonio industrial minero visibilizando el valor que tuvieron para el crecimiento de los municipios de Cáceres y Logrosán. Este proyecto educativo se basa en el diseño de una serie de actividades con la intención de que el alumnado reconozca la importancia de estos yacimientos y su patrimonio asociado, ofreciendo un enriquecimiento cultural que suponga el tratamiento y la revitalización de la realidad social de estos espacios históricos.
Efficient third generation lentiviral particle production v2
Authors: Newbery Michelle
Published: March 2023

The overexpression of a gene of interest by third generation lentiviral particle generation systems is a critical process in molecular biology, cell biology and gene therapy research. While many lentiviral protocol production methods have been discussed in literature, this protocol takes into account previously established and novel optimisations to minimise user handling time, cost, and maximise practical yield. This protocol allows for at least 6 days of consecutive viral particle collection without compromising HEK293T cell culture or viral production efficiency, and can be easily and cost effectively reproduced in basic cell culture laboratories.
Endoftalmi Gelişen Salmonella Artritli Olgu Sebebiyle Endojen Endoftalmi ve Etkenlerine Kısa Bir Bakış
Authors: KANDİLCİK Hacer
Published: March 2023

Endojen Endoftalmi (EE), yakın ve sıkı takip gerektiren özellikle immunsupresif hastalarda akılda tutulması gereken ve akut müdahale gerektiren bir
durumdur. Sepsis ve geçici bakteriyemi durumlarında S. aureus, streptokoklar ve gram negatif çomaklar endojen endoftalmi nedeni olabilir. Gram negatif
çomaklardan Salmonella spp enfeksiyonlarında son yıllarda artış görülmektedir. Bu yazıda 23 yaşında immunsupresif tedavi alan erkek hastada Salmonella
spp. septik artritini takiben, literatürde nadiren rastladığımız Salmonella spp. bağlı EE olgusu sunulmuştur.
Learning Experiences of Nursing Students with Case-Based Learning Technique: A Qualitative Stu
Authors: ALTINBAŞ Yasemin , DERYA İSTER Emine
Published: March 2023

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the experiences of nursing students regarding the application of the Surgical Diseases Nursing course,
which was carried out with case-based learning techniques and group work.
Materials and Methods: The study was carried out using the phenomenology pattern with the focus group interview technique. The sample of the study
consisted of second-year students (n=84) who received Surgical Diseases Nursing. Students were divided into 14 groups according to the class list by random
sampling method. Practice trainers guided the groups in line with the case-based learning technique for 8 weeks. The groups took the real case (patient)
and gave nursing care in the clinical setting. The groups used the “Surgical Diseases Nursing Patient Evaluation” form to collect data. The students evaluated
the result by planning the nursing care of the case (patient) and then applying the care plan with group work. In the last two weeks of the academic year,
student groups made case presentations in the classroom.
Results: The experiences of the students are explained in three main themes and 9 sub-themes. The main themes were; case presentation experience, case
presentation in nursing practice, and a good case presentation.
Conclusion: As a result, case-based learning techniques and group work facilitate learning, combine practice with theory, and can contribute to the professional
development of students.
Inflammation in Chronic Psychiatric Patients: Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratios, Platelet/Lymphocyte Ratios, and Mean Platelet Volume
Authors: UNAL DEMİR Figen , ÖZSOY Filiz , AKPINAR ASLAN Esma
Published: March 2023

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelet/Lymphocyte Ratios (PLR), and Mean Platelet Volume
(MPV), red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and leukocyte cell levels of inpatients with mental illness by comparing them with each other and healthy
controls.
Materials and Methods: A total of 600 people were included in our study, 500 of whom were taken as the patient and 100 as the control group. The diagnosis
of patients according to DSM-5-Criteria were 34.8% Schizophrenia, 21% had Generalized-Anxiety-Disorder, 14.4% had Bipolar-Affective-Disorder,
14% had Major-Depressive-Disorder, 7.2% had Adjustment-Disorder, 4.2% had Schizoaffective-Disorder, 3.6% had other psychiatric illnesses.
Results: It was seen that hemoglobin, platelet, monocyte, blood platelet distribution (PCT), percentage account of RDW (RDW-CV) did not have statistically
significant differences between groups (p values were 0.082, 0.214, 0.526, 0.082, 0.771, respectively). The lymphocyte, eosinophil, basophil, MPV,
standard deviation of RDW (RDW-SD) were higher compared with healthy controls (p values were 0.002, 0.003, <0.001, <0.001, 0.003, 0.003, respectively).
NLR and PLR were low in the patient group compared to healthy controls (p<0.001).
Conclusion: It was found that some of the inflammation parameters of chronic with mental illness were different from those of healthy controls. However,
further prospective studies are needed to better reveal the relationship between inflammatory parameters and mental illnesses..
Anesthesiologist View on Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair; A Single Center Retrospective Study
Authors: ERTAŞ Gamze , ŞENOL ÇAKMAK Hamiyet , AKDENİZ Sevda , POLAT Ebru , KARAL İlker Hasan , TULGAR Serkan
Published: March 2023

Objective: Endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) and thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR), which are minimally invasive endovascular stent grafting methods, are applied as alternatives to traditional and invasive open surgery in the treatment of aortic aneurysms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anesthesia methods applied in patients who underwent EVAR and TEVAR in our hospital.
Materials and Methods: The files of 95 patients who underwent endovascular aortic repair between 01.01.2015 and 31.05.2022 were reviewed retrospectively. Descriptive data on patients, as well as data such as the duration of surgery, intensive care and hospital stay were collected and evaluated.
Results: It was determined that endovascular aortic grafting was performed under general anesthesia (GA) (Group GA) in 14 patients and with sedo-analgesia (SA) (Group SA) in 67 patients. EVAR was administered to 75 patients and TEVAR to 6 patients. Eleven of the EVAR patients received GA and 64 received SA. The mean age of the patients was 68.73±8.31 years, and 75 of the patients were male. There was no significant difference between the groups with regards to comorbidities (p>0.05). When the length of stay in the intensive care unit was evaluated in terms of duration of hospitalization, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups (p>0.05).
Conclusion: In this study, GA and SA gave similar outcomes an in patients who underwent EVAR/TEVAR in our clinic, except for the intraoperative fluid requirements.
Levels of Serum and Urine Catecholaminergic and Apelinergic System Members in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients
Authors: GÜLER Özlem , TUĞAN YILDIZ Buket , HAKKOYMAZ Hakan , AYDIN Süleyman , YARDIM Meltem
Published: March 2023

Objective: To compare levels of catecholaminergic system members, renalase, cerebellin, and their substrates, epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine, and apelinergic system members, apelin, elabela, and nitric oxide in the blood and urine of patients with acute ischemic stroke and healthy controls.
Materials and Methods: 42 patients with acute ischemic stroke and 42 age and sex-matched healthy controls were included in the study. Blood and urine samples were collected simultaneously and within the first 24 hours after the onset of acute stroke clinical manifestations and were measured using an ELISA method.
Results: The levels of serum and urine cerebellin, renalase, epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, apelin, elebela, and nitric oxide were similar in ischemic stroke and in control groups (P>0.05). Strong correlations were found between renalase, cerebellin, and catecholamine levels in serum and urine (p <0.001) both in stroke patients and controls. There were also strong correlations between apelin, elabela, and NO levels in serum and urine (p <0.001) in the two groups.
Conclusion: Serum and urine cerebellin, renalase, epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, apelin, elebela, and nitric oxide levels do not significantly change in the acute phase of ischemic stroke. Strong correlations among renalase, cerebellin, and catecholamines emphasize that these substances act together in healthy individuals and ischemic stroke patients. Similarly, strong correlations between apelin, elabela, and NO indicate that these agents act together in healthy subjects and patients with ischemic stroke.
COVID-19 Hastalarında Mortaliteyi Öngörmede İnflamatuvar Belirteçlerin Önemi
Authors: Kandilcik Hacer , Nazik Selçuk , Gümüşer Fatma , Ateş Selma
Published: March 2023

Amaç: Çin’de 2019 Aralık ayı sonunda ortaya çıkan COVID-19 kısa sürede tüm dünyaya yayılarak Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından 11 Mart 2020’de pandemi olarak kabul edilmiştir. Pandemi hala değişen varyantlarıyla ve vaka sayılarıyla güncelliğini korumaktadır. Bu çalışmada COVID-19 tanılı yatan hastalarda 1. ve 5. gün bakılan hematolojik, inflamatuvar ve biyokimyasal belirteçlerin mortaliteyi öngörmede önemini belirlemeyi amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma retrospektif ve kesitsel çalışma olarak tasarlanmıştır. Çalışmaya 1 Kasım 2020-30 Nisan 2021 tarihleri arasında Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Hastanesi’ne COVID-19 şüpheli semptomları ile başvuran COVID-19 RT-PCR testi ile tanısı doğrulanarak yatışı yapılan 18 yaş üstü 200 hasta dahil edilmiştir. Hastaların yaş, cinsiyet, eşlik eden komorbid hastalıkları, 1. ve 5. gün laboratuvar parametreleri ve sonlanım durumları kaydedildi. Hastalar taburcu ve ölen şeklinde iki gruba ayrıldı.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan 200 hastanın %75’i (n=150) taburcu olan, %25’i ise (n=50) 28 gün içinde ölen hastalardan oluşmaktaydı. Hastaların %63.5’i (n=127) erkek, %36.5’i (n=73) kadındı. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 63±17.2 yıldı. Hastaların %50.5’i hafif, %31’i orta, %18.5’i ise ağır klinik tabloya sahipti. COVID-19 hastalarının prognozunu etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla lojistik regresyon analizi yapıldı. Prognoz ile ilişkili faktörler erkek cinsiyet, diyabetes mellitus, kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalığı, hipertansiyon varlığı, ateş, nefes darlığı ve öksürük olarak bulundu. Hastaların 1. ve 5.gün bakılan lenfosit (lenfopeni), C-Reaktif Protein (CRP), Prokalsitonin (PCT), nötrofil/lenfosit oranı (NLO), platelet /lenfosit oranı (PLO), D-Dimer değerleri tanı anında ve takiplerde mortalite öngörücüsü olarak tespit edildi (p<0.05).
Sonuç: Çalışmamızda COVID-19 hastalarında bakılan lökosit, lenfosit, NLO, PLO, CRP, PCT, ferritin, D-Dimer ve LDH değerlerinin başvuru sırasında ve yatış takiplerinde mortaliteyi öngörmede önemli parametreler olduğu saptandı. Bu parametrelerin COVID-19 hasta takibinde klinisyene yardımcı olacağını düşünmekteyiz.
Examination of Impulse Breakdown Voltage of a New EFB Insulation Paper
Authors:   Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sg. Besi Camp, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Adnan Ja’afar , Ishak Mohd Taufiq ,   Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sg. Besi Camp, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Hashim Nurul ‘Izzati ,   Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sg. Besi Camp, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Hashim Fakroul Ridzuan ,   Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sg. Besi Camp, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Amran Muhammad Aiman ,   Royal Malaysia Air Force, Malaysia Armed Forces, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: March 2023

Demand of softwood fiber has rapidly increased as a result from the variety of new softwood products. Therefore, nonwood fibers have been introduced as alternatives in pulp for presspaper making to supplement the limited wood fiber resources. Malaysia is the second largest producer of oil palm where the empty fruit bunch (EFB) has a potential to be developed as an insulating paper. This paper aims to determine the performance of EFB as non-wood fiber to evaluate its use as potential presspaper insulation in power transformer. The sample of EFB paper was produced through kraft pulping and laboratory handsheet process. The performance of EFB and kraft paper was evaluated by impulse breakdown test. The study is focused on the performance of insulating paper that were aged with the transformer oil at 90 °C for 30 days. In order to investigate the impulse breakdown voltage of the insulating paper, multistage impulse generator was used. As the aging temperature increases,the breakdown voltage will decrease.The thickness of insulating paper also has an effect to the breakdown strength as the thicker the insulating paper, the higher the breakdown voltage will be. For no aging sample, kraft fibres dominate the breakdown strength at 28.11 kV/mm, while for sample aged at 90 °C, EFB fibres dominate the breakdown strength at 3.62 kV/mm higher than the average of kraft fibres due to an effect of fibres arrangement between fibre-to-fibre bonding after the aging.
Pico Hydro Generation System for Building’s Supplementary Energy
Authors:   Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sg. Besi Camp, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Mustafa Kamarul ‘Asyikin , Syaripuddin Murniati ,   Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sg. Besi Camp, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Ismail Norlaili ,   Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sg. Besi Camp, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Makmor Nazrul Fariq ,   Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sg. Besi Camp, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Ishak Mohamad Fakri ,   Royal Engineering Regiment, Malaysia Armed Forces, Kuala Lumpur
Published: March 2023

Renewable energy is an important source in supplying energy to the masses as it is sustainable, environmentally friendly, and require less maintenance cost compared to the conventional fossil fuel resources. This paper describes the study of a pico hydro generation system. The power generation system uses water utilized by a building as the source to generate energy. In the study, the system prototype is designed using several combinations of piping system where different sizes, shapes, and turbine positions are used. The energy from the water flowing through the piping system will be converted into electrical energy through the turbine system that is placed in the main water tank. The best combination of pipeline system for the prototype is by using two different positions of water jet. This combination requires lower water pressure and is able to generate 198 W of energy.
Implementation of Booth Multiplier Algorithm using Radix-4 in FPGA
Authors:   Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sg. Besi Camp, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Mokhtar Anis Shahida , Ping Chew Sue ,   Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sg. Besi Camp, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Md Din Muhamad Faiz ,   Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sg. Besi Camp, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Makmor Nazrul Fariq ,   Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sg. Besi Camp, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Che Mahadi Muhammad Asyraf ,   Royal Signal Regiment, Malaysia Armed Forces, Kuala Lumpur
Published: March 2023

This paper presentsthe performance of Radix-4 Modified Booth Algorithm. Booth algorithm is a multiplication algorithm that multiplies two signed binary numbers in two's complement notation. Multiplier is a fundamental component in general-purpose microprocessors and in digital signal processors. With advances in technology, researchers design multipliers which offer high speed, low power, and less area implementation. Booth multiplier algorithm is designed to reduce number of partial products as compared to conventional multiplier. The proposed design is simulated by using Verilog HDL in Quartus II and implemented in Cyclone II FPGA. The result shows that the average output delay is 20.78 ns. The whole design has been verified by gate level simulation.
An Overview of Banana Biomass as a Potential Renewable Energy Source in Malaysia
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Abdul Razak Abdul Mu’iz , Raja Othman Raja Norizawati ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Abdullah Mohd Faizal ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Ku Ahmad Ku Zarina ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: March 2023

Electricity is a vital component necessary to stimulate the growth of a country whereby Malaysia relies upon nonrenewable fossil fuel for much of its needs. Since the 70’s oil crisis, Malaysia has attempted to preserve its oil resources and increase the contribution of renewable energy which subsequently has boosted the rapid increase of renewable energy supply, particularly in hydropower but under the 5th Fuel Diversification policy, the country prioritises to diversify its fuel sources. Banana waste has been identified as one of the potential sources due to its abundance in natural resources in Malaysia for being widely planted in agricultural sector. It has been used by neighbouring country, namely Thailand and also efficiently recycled by developed nations worldwide. This paper will discuss the potential biomass feedstock, and banana plant is chosen for the nature of its abundance, fast growth rate, and disposal after harvest. Conversion from biomass into energy can be done by direct combustion, solid biomass briquette, bioethanol, and biogas. Theoretically, all the methods except direct combustion are viable for energy generation but bioethanol and biogas suffer from compatibility issues with existing infrastructure designed for fossil fuel thus making solid fuel a topic that should be researched further to improve its uses in cogeneration and boilers. Hence, banana biomass is feasible for use as a source of renewable energy in Malaysia.
Development of a Platform for Distributed Energy Resources Management on the Basis of a Digital Twin
Authors: Kovalyov S. P.
Published: March 2023

The paper discusses the development of a platform for distributed energy resources management based on digital twins. The platform use cases include demand response, electric vehicle charging, peer-to-peer energy trading, storage scheduling, virtual power plant, and so on. Thanks to the digital twin, the platform can perform the use cases controlling either real operation-stage equipment or virtual design-stage simulation models. The platform offers mass distributed energy resources owners and operators to improve the power supply quality (including stability), reduce costs (including transaction overhead), and gain emerging market opportunities (including participation in various aggregators' programs). Software and equipment vendors are interested in the platform's capability to quickly assemble distributed energy management systems almost without programming. The digital twin and the platform are designed with the viewpoint-based approach established by the international systems engineering standard ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010. The typical power system digital twin architecture is described. The major kinds of mathematical models as part of digital twins are presented: physical models based on numerical solutions of differential equations and optimization problems, machine learning models, knowledge-based models. The interoperability of such heterogeneous models is ensured on the basis of the ontological model of distributed energy. The platform architecture is represented from three key viewpoints: functional, information, and software. To formalize and ultimately automate the integration of heterogeneous models, we propose novel mathematical methods of model-based system engineering based on category theory, including universal constructions and the multicomma. The multicomma category is shown to be constructed using standard product, exponent, and pushout constructions, which makes it possible to establish a number of its practically significant properties.
Simulation of Spacecraft Moon Landing Control in Virtual Environment Complexes
Authors: Strashnov E. V. , Mikhaylyuk M. V.
Published: March 2023

The paper considers the task for simulation of final stage spacecraft landing on the Moon in virtual environment systems. To solve this task, methods and algorithms are proposed for the lunar module motion control with the implementation of fast attitude maneuvers and minimum fuel consumption during its deceleration. The spacecraft control is based on virtual sensors feedback and makes it possible to implement stabilization, reorientation, deceleration, maneuvers, hovering and soft landing of the spacecraft on the Moon. The work involves virtual reality technologies with the implementation of human interaction with a computer-synthesized environment. In this case, to control the spacecraft in manual mode, virtual hands are used that copy the movements of the operator’s hands and act on the elements of virtual controls (joystick, buttons, etc.) inside the spacecraft model. Approbation of methods and algorithms proposed in the paper was carried out in our software package of virtual environment system on the example for landing simulation of virtual model Orel spacecraft in semi-automatic mode. In this software package the spacecraft control in manual mode is implemented by data which transit from Oculus Rift CV1 VR headset and Oculus Touch controllers designed for tracking the operator’s head and hands, as well as displaying synthesized stereopair to his eyes. The simulation of spacecraft landing on the Moon was carried out for stages that begin immediately after the basic deceleration at an altitude of about 2 km and including the free fall of the lunar vehicle, its verticalization, horizontal and vertical deceleration, hovering, and soft landing. The results of approbation showed the adequacy and quality of the solutions proposed in the paper, which can be further used to create simulators designed to train cosmonauts how to control a spacecraft during landing on the Moon.
Regeneration of an infected skin wound under conditions of experimental steroid hyperglycemia
Authors: Balykova L. A. , Inchina V. I. , Tarasova T. V. , Khaydar D. A. , Mosina L. M. , Saushev I. V. , Kuchuk A. V. , Mutvakel A. , Begoulov I. V. , Tarasov R. S. , Ageev P. V. , Ovchenkov D. S.
Published: March 2023

Purpose. To evaluate the regeneration of an infected skin wound in experimental steroid hyperglycemia in rats.

Materials and methods. Regeneration of an infected rat skin wound (n = 30) was evaluated on the background of steroid hyperglycemia. Depending on the type of wound surface treatment, all observed animals were divided into 3 groups: the first group (n = 10) was treated with an ointment containing Cymbopogon proximus per os administration; the second group (n = 10) was treated with an ointment containing sodium fusidate 2 %; the third group (n = 10, control) the wound was treated with vaseline. After five days, local changes in the wound area and the activity of its regeneration were evaluated. We also studied the blood changes: the composition of the shaped elements and the content of total protein, albumins, transaminase activity (ALT, AST), total cholesterol, urea and creatinine.

Results. The use of Cymbopogon proximus orally by rats of the first group, with induced diabetes mellitus, contributes to a decrease in serum glucose levels by almost two times compared with the second and third groups. Ointment containing Cymbopogon proximus has immunomodulatory properties: it prevents the development of leukopenia, promotes the activation of agranular immunocytes. The use of Cymbopogon proximus extract has a positive effect on the rate of wound regeneration due to several factors: reduction of hyperemia and edema, stimulation of leukocyte activity, and as a consequence activation of regeneration. We did not find a significant difference in the rate of wound regeneration when treated with an ointment based on Cymbopogon proximus extract and an ointment containing sodium fusidate (p > 0.05).

Conclusion. The regeneration activity of an infected wound in rats with steroid hyperglycemia does not significantly differ when treated with antimicrobial ointment and Cymbopogon proximus. The extract of Cymbopogon proximus has a double effect in vivo: it reduces glucose levels and promotes wound healing in the condition of hyperglycemia, which is promising in the treatment of complications in diabetes mellitus.
Trimodal organ‑preserving treatment of muscle‑invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Troianov A. V. , Dementev I. O. , Zaborsky I. N. , Chaykov V. S. , Karyakin O. B. , Gumenetskaya Yu. V.
Published: March 2023

Purpose of the study. Generalization of the world experience of organ‑preserving treatment in muscle‑invasive bladder cancer

Materials and methods. The literature was searched in Medline, Cochrane Library, Elibrary and PubMed systems. Publications describing the modern possibilities of organ‑preserving treatment of muscle‑invasive bladder cancer were included, 58 of which were used to write this review.

Results. The review highlights the results of international randomized and significant non‑randomized studies of organ‑preserving treatment in muscle‑invasive bladder cancer. Special attention is paid to the description of a modern combination of treatment methods to achieve its maximum effectiveness while maintaining the quality of life of patients. The analysis of the world literature was carried out, confirming the prospects of organ‑preserving treatment with careful selection of patients.

Conclusion. Organ-preserving trimodal therapy for muscle‑invasive bladder cancer remains an alternative treatment strategy. Careful selection of patients plays a key role. The modern approach to trimodal therapy (TMT) is as follows: complete transurethral resection of the bladder (TURB), neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy, subsequent assessment of the response to treatment (re‑staging with TURB) should be performed; with a complete pathomorphological response, a course of remote radiation therapy up to TFD 60–66 Gy in the case of traditional fractionation (focal radiation therapy and the use of hypofractionation modes are also possible), using modern irradiation technologies (IGRT, IMRT). In case of an incomplete response, the implementation of the radical cystectomy (RCE) is shown. If a relapse occurs during follow‑up after treatment in the volume of TMT, a life‑saving RCE is shown.

If the above conditions are met, the oncological results of treatment with TMT are equivalent to those during RCE, but require further study.
Hepatogastric fistula formation after liver chemoembolization in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Ivanov S. A. , Petrov L. O. , Kucherov V. V. , Isaeva A. G. , Petrosian A. P. , Izmailov A. A.
Published: March 2023

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 75% to 95% of all cases of primary liver cancer. The number of cases of newly diagnosed hepatocellular cancer (HCC) in the Russian Federation in 2019 accounted to 9324. Currently, the method of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is widely used for the treatment of patients with malignant liver tumors. Various methods of transarterial embolization of the liver are used, including selective or superselective catheterization and the use of various chemotherapeutic and embolizing agents. In recent years, calibrated synthetic microspheres loaded with a chemotherapeutic agent have been developed. They ensure uniform and prolonged release of the drug and the achievement of high concentrations of the chemotherapeutic agent in tumor cells. The method of transarterial embolization of the liver using grains containing the drug is known as DEB‑TACE (Drug‑eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization).  The traditional TACE (conventional transarterial chemoembolization), technique is also widely used, in which a chemotherapeutic drug is administered together with lipiodol, and then with occlusive material. When comparing the techniques, no differences were found in their safety profiles. Despite the fact that transarterial embolization of the liver is considered a safe procedure, it is not without the risk of complications, the most common of which are acute cholecystitis and leukopenia. Also, a frequent undesirable phenomenon after transarterial chemoembolization of the liver is postembolization syndrome, which includes abdominal pain, hyperthermia up to 38 °  C and nausea. One of the rare complications occurring in less than 1% of cases is a complication of liver TACE – the development of a liver abscess against the background of tumor necrosis. It is believed that the formation of an abscess can lead to the formation of fistulas: hepaticobronchial, hepaticoduodenal, hepaticogastric, etc. Our article presents a rare clinical case of hepatogastric fistula formation after liver TACE.
Systemic therapy of skin metastatic melanoma with BRAF gene mutation
Authors: Shakh-Paronyants Yu. S. , Cheporov S. V. , Shiryaev N. P. , Ukgarskiy A. V. , Nesterov P. V. , Korzina N. S.
Published: March 2023

Purpose of the study. To conduct a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the use of mono‑mode immuno‑oncological and targeted drugs in the first line of therapy in patients with metastatic melanoma of the skin (SMM) in patients with BRAF mutation.

Patients and methods. To achieve this goal, a retrospective analysis of the treatment results was carried out in 61 patients diagnosed with metastatic melanoma of the skin and the presence of a mutation in the BRAF gene who were treated at the Yaroslavl regional oncology hospital. The patients were divided into two groups: the first group (n = 18) included patients who received mono‑mode immunotherapy in the first line of treatment; the second group (n = 43) included patients who underwent targeted first-line therapy.

Standard regimens of monotherapy with BRAF inhibitors (vemurafenib, dabrafenib) or combination therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitors (dabrafenib + trametinib) were chosen as treatment. Immunotherapy was performed using the following drugs: pembrolizumab, nivolumab and prolgolimab. An intergroup comparative analysis of one‑year, three‑year and five‑year survival rates was carried out. Progression‑free survival rates and the frequency of objective responses were also studied.

Results. The median follow–up period in the first group was 14.2 months, in the second – 15.7 months. The indicators of one‑year, three-year and five‑year overall survival in patients receiving immunotherapy in the first line were 88.8 %, 55.5 % and 33.3 %, respectively. The same indicators in patients in the first‑line targeted therapy group were 90.7 %, 46.5 % and 23.2 %, respectively. The median overall survival in the first group was 39.1 months, in the second group it was 30.4 months. Progression–free survival in the group of patients with targeted therapy was 8.7 months, in the immunotherapy group – 9.8 months. In the first group, stabilization of the disease was observed in 77.8 % of patients, while a complete response was noted in 5.6 %, a partial response was not registered. In the second group of patients, stabilization was noted in 39.6 % of patients, partial response in 25.6 % of patients, complete response was absent.

Conclusion. The use of cancer immunotherapy drugs in the first line of treatment in patients with metastatic melanoma of the skin and the presence of BRAF mutation in the short term is not inferior in effectiveness to the use of targeted drugs, and in the medium and long term exceeds targeted drugs.
Therapy results of patients with metastatic castration‑resistant prostate cancer. Regional experience
Authors: Berezin P. G. , Milovanov V. V. , Ivannikov A. A. , Ognerubov N. A.
Published: March 2023

Purpose of the study. To evaluate the results of first‑line treatment in patients with metastatic castration‑resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

Patients and methods. The evaluation of own clinical observations of 25 patients with mCRPC for the period from July 2014 to July 2021 by random sampling is given. Patients are divided into the ISUP group, the status of the initial treatment, and the type of previous treatment. Therapy was determined by the nature of progression. The following drugs were used as therapeutic agents: docetaxel, enzalutamide, abiraterone acetate + prednisolone, strontium (89 150 mBq). Results evaluation was carried out by RECIST 1.1. criteria. Statistical data processing was carried out using programs SPSS Statistica 2.0.

Results. When assessing the tumor response to the therapy in 2 (8 %) patients, a complete therapeutic response was obtained, partial was registered in 4 (16 %) cases, stabilization in 9 (36 %), progression in 10 (40 %). The main response was stabilization and partial response, which was noted in 13 (52 %) patients. On 11 (44 %) patients with bone metastases as the cause of mCRPC, enzalutamide showed the best effect. Patients with lymph node metastases 3 (12 %) had a partial and complete response with a combined treatment regimen – lymphadenectomy + enzalutamide. In the group of patients n = 9 (36 %) – metastases to lymph nodes and bones, the best effect in the form of stabilization and partial response in enzalutamide. In 1 (4 %) patient with visceral progressing metastatic pleural lesion. Two patients had passed away by the end of the research.

Conclusion. Enzalutamide and abiraterone showed the best responses in metastatic bone damage (as the cause of mCRPC). We observed more than 50 % of stabilizations during enzalutamide treatment. Combined treatment regimens should be used among patients with only metastatic lymph node lesion (oligo metastasis): this makes it possible to achieve a complete response and a greater number of stabilizations in some patients.
Adaptation of the Psychological Wellbeing Scale in Mexican medical students
Authors: Flores Hernández Fernando , Morales López Sara , Ramos Castillo Yuseli Olivia , Vives Varela Tania , Millán-Hernández Manuel
Published: March 2023

Introduction. The Ryff Scale of Psychological Well-Being is the most widely used instrument for assessing the eudemonic perspective of well-being. Although it has been adapted for the Spanish population, it has not been modified for health science students in the Mexican population. Objective. Adapt and obtain the psychometric properties of this scale for medical students in the Mexican population. Method. The study was conducted with 1,974 undergraduate students, 1,551 from the UNAM Medicine Faculty and 423 from the La Salle University Mexican School of Medicine. The analysis was undertaken using the IBM SPSS Statistics 21 and AMOS 21 SPSS programs. Results. An instrument with a robust structure derived from the exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses carried out was obtained, with satisfactory explained variance, adequate internal consistency obtained through the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, and appropriate discrimination. Discussion and conclusion. Our adaptation is a suitable version for Mexican medical students with four final dimensions; purpose in life, personal rejection and self-acceptance, personal control, and personal growth.
Sosyal Konut ve İdare Konut Projelerinde El Değiştirme: Sivas, Merkez İlçe Örneği
Authors: GÜRBÜZER Münevver Rumeysa , AKSOY KHURAMİ Esma
Published: March 2023

Karşılanma biçimi ve finansman yöntemleri ülkelerin politikalarına göre çeşitlenen sosyal konut birimleri aracılığıyla hanehalklarının konut piyasası koşullarından çok daha düşük fiyatlarla konuttan yararlanması mümkün kılınmıştır. Çoğunlukla kiralık konut birimleri üzerinden yürütülen sosyal konut politikası konusunda Türkiye farklı bir yol izlemiş ve sosyal konut kapsamına giren konut birimleri satılmak üzere üretilmiştir. Başvuranların gerekli koşulları sağladığının tespit edilmesinin ardından kura yöntemiyle dağıtılan sosyal konut birimlerinin sahiplerine bir dizi kolaylık sunulmuş ve uymaları gereken bir taahhüt çerçevesi oluşturulmuştur. Sosyal konut birimlerinin borçlarının bitene kadar kiralanmaması ve satılmaması bu çerçevenin en önemli maddelerindendir. Ancak sosyal konut yararlanıcısı olan bu hanehalklarının ilgili konutlarda yaşamaya devam edip etmediği ve konutun bir başkasına satılma durumu tartışmalarda yerini alsa da kapsamlı bir şekilde araştırılmamıştır. Bu çalışma kapsamında Toplu Konut İdaresi Başkanlığı’nın (TOKİ) iki farklı konut projesi (Alt Gelir Projesi ve İdare Konut Projesi) için el değiştirme durumları Tapu İşlem İstatistikleri üzerinden tartışılmıştır. İdare tarafından yasaklanmasına karşın projelerde el değiştirme işlemlerinin gerçekleştiği tespit edilmiştir. Son olarak bu durumun sosyal konut politikasının uzun erimde sürdürülebilirliği açısından yaratacağı sonuçlar ortaya konmuştur.
Büyük Veriden Öğrencilerin Öğretim İçerik Tercihlerinin Başarıya Etkisinin Belirlenmesine Yönelik Veritabanlarından Bilgi Keşfi Yöntemi: OULAD Veri Seti Örneği
Authors: MEŞE Can
Published: March 2023

Sanal öğrenme ortamlarında öğrencilerin öğrenme içerikleri ile etkileşimlerinden dolayı çok sayıda veri ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu veriler eğitsel veri madenciliği algoritmaları ile sanal öğrenme ortamlarının tasarımında yol gösterici nitelikte olmaktadır. Ancak öğrencilerin sanal öğrenme ortamında etkileşimde bulundukları öğretim materyallerinin başarı durumlarına etkisinin incelenmesine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu tür ihtiyaçlara yönelik yapılan eğitsel veri madenciliği uygulamalarına yönelik izlenmesi gereken bilimsel süreçlerin de ortaya konulması gerekmektedir. Bu araştırmada öğrencilerin sanal öğrenme ortamında farklı öğrenme materyalleri ile etkileşimlerinin başarı durumuna etkisinin ortaya konulmasında veritabanından bilgi keşfi yönteminin kullanılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada büyük veri olarak The Open University Öğrenme Analitiği Veri Seti kullanılmıştır. Bu veri seti ile veritabanından bilgi keşfi yöntemine göre süreç izlenmiş ve karar ağacı algoritmalarından CART algoritması ile araştırma sorularına yanıt aranmıştır. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre öğrencilerin öğretim materyalleri ile etkileşimlerinin başarının bir belirleyicisi olduğu görülmüştür. Bu doğrultuda öğretim tasarımcılarının uzaktan eğitim ortamlarında standartların oluşturulmasına ve etkili bir öğretim tasarımı için tercih edilecek öğretim materyallerinin belirlenmesine yönelik alacakları kararda araştırma bulgularının yol gösterici nitelikte olması öngörülmektedir.
1964-2022 Yılları Arasında İşletme Ana Bilim Dalı’nda Hazırlanan Tezlerin Gizli Dirichlet Tahsisi Yöntemi ile Konu Modellemesi
Authors: ÖZÇALICI Mehmet
Published: March 2023

Bilimsel bilginin üretilmesini sağlayan en önemli araçlar üniversitelerde hazırlanan lisansüstü tezlerdir. Bilim dallarında hazırlanan lisansüstü tezlerin içerik, bibliyometrik veya konu analizine tabi tutulması, söz konusu bilim dalındaki gelişim düzeyinin tespit edilmesi açısından önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, değişen çevre koşullarına göre yeniden şekillenmesi kaçınılmaz olan, İşletme Ana Bilim Dalı’nda yayınlanan tezlerin konu modellemesini gerçekleştirmektir. Çalışmada, 1964-2022 yılları arasında Yüksek Öğretim Kurulu Başkanlığı Tez Merkezi’ne kayıtlı ve İşletme Ana Bilim Dalı’nda hazırlanmış olan 29.381 tane lisanüstü tezin özet kısmı kullanılmıştır. Özetlerin analiz edilmesi için Gizli Dirichlet Tahsisi analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Tez özetlerine ait tanımlayıcı istatistikler tablolar halinde sunulmuştur. Sonuçta, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü’nde 2020 ve 2021 yıllarında yayınlanan tezlerin %15’inin İşletme Ana Bilim Dalı ile ilgili olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda tezlerin; muhasebe, pazarlama, finans ve yönetim olmak üzere dört farklı konuda incelenebileceği ve 2021 yılında tezlerde en sık kullanılan kelimelerin; analiz, sonuç, örgüt, veri ve ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir. 1995 ile 2012 yılları arasında muhasebe ile ilgili, 2013 yılından 2022 yılına kadar ise yönetim konusunda yayınlanan tezlerin sayısının baskın olduğu sonucu ortaya çıkmaktadır.
Medyada Toplumsal Cinsiyet Eşitsizliği: Bebek Bezi Reklamlarının İncelenmesi
Authors: ALABAY Erhan
Published: March 2023

Bu araştırmada Türkiye’de satışı olan ve televizyonda reklamları bulunan bebek bezi firmalarının reklamlarının hem görsel hem de dilsel öğelerinin toplumsal cinsiyet açısından incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma nitel araştırma modeli ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 9 farklı markanın toplam 37 adet bebek bezi reklamı oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmanın verilerinin kaydedilmesinde araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen ve uzman görüşleri alınmış olan “Bebek Bezi Reklamları Doküman Analiz Formu” kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda bebek bezi reklamlarının büyük bir oranının kadınlar tarafından seslendirildiği ve reklamların yarısından fazlasında toplumsal cinsiyet eşitsizliğine yol açan mesajlara yer verildiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Reklamlarda oynatılan oyuncuların da çoğunlukla kadın oyuncular olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca reklamlarda oynayan kadın oyunculara alışveriş yapan ve misafir ağırlayan kişi rollerinin verildiği gözlemlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak Türkiye’de televizyonlardaki bebek bezi reklamlarının çoğunun toplumsal cinsiyet eşitsizliğini besleyen bir yapıda olduğu söylenebilir.
Eskişehir ve Çevresindeki Bizans Dönemi Yapıları
Authors: EVCİM Seçkin
Published: March 2023

Eskişehir çağlar boyunca günümüzde olduğu gibi İç Anadolu ile Batı ve Kuzeybatı Anadolu arasında önemli bir kavşak noktası olmuştur. Roma döneminde adı Latinceye dönüşmüş haliyle Dorylaeum ya da Dorlaeum olan yerleşim, Bizans döneminde ise Hellenistik dönemden gelen Grekçe adıyla Dorylaion olarak anılmaktadır. Arap kaynaklarında Darauliya, Adruliya veya Drusilya isimleriyle anılan şehrin Anadolu’daki pek çok şehirden farklı olarak antik ismi korunamamış, yerleşim merkezinin değişmesiyle zamanla Dorylaion ismi unutulmuştur. Günümüzde şehrin Odunpazarı olarak anılan bölgesine yerleşen Türkler terkedilen ve harabeye dönüşen Dorylaion Kalesi’ni Şarhöyük (Şahr / Şehir höyük) çarşı ve hamamların bulunduğu yerleşim merkezini ise eski şehir olarak adlandırmış, zamanla yerleşimin tekrar o bölgeye doğru yayılmasıyla kent merkezi Eskişehir ismini almıştır. Şehrin territoryumuna dahil olup günümüze ulaşabilmiş Bizans dönemine ait en erken kalıntılar İmparator I. Iustinianus dönemine aittir. Günümüzde Dağlık Frigya, Erken Bizans döneminde ise Phrygia Salutaris (Şifalı Frigya) olarak adlandırılan bölge içerisinde yer alan yerleşim bu isme uygun bir şekilde doğal sıcak su kaynaklarının beslediği hamamları ile ünlüdür. Günümüzde halen Sıcaksular bölgesinde pek çok hamam yer almakla birlikte Bizans dönemine ait bir hamamın kalıntısına henüz rastlanmamıştır. Bizans dönemi yapıları yerleşim merkezinde iki kale ile temsil edilirken, günümüze ulaşan dönem eserlerinin büyük bir kısmı Frig Vadisi’nde yer alan kaya yapılarıdır. Bu çalışma Eskişehir ilinin günümüz idari sınırları içerisinde kalan Bizans Dönemi yapılarını genel hatlarıyla tanıtmayı ve Eskişehir’e yönelik olarak gerçekleştirilecek kültür, turizm, tarih, sanat tarihi ve arkeoloji alanlarındaki çalışmalara destek olmayı amaçlamaktadır. Sunulan bilgiler sadece kütüphane çalışması ile kaynaklardan derlenmiş olmayıp yaptığımız yüzey araştırmaları ve belgeleme çalışmaları ile desteklenmiştir.