bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudo clínico-epidemiológico da cardiomiopatia de Takotsubo em um hospital de referência em Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil
Authors: Pereira Márcio da Silva , Rensi Ana Maria Viola , Gómez Silvana Céspedes , Rivero Roberto Eduardo Donoso , Portes Júlio de Oliveira , Scaramussa Marcelo Rocha , Mendes Ana Flávia Moura , Lima Ismael Geraldo de , Alencar Michaella Fernandes , Amorim Maria Rita Carvalho de Freitas
Published: October 2017

A Cardiomiopatia de Takotsubo (CMT), também denominada Síndrome do Coração Partido, constitui uma entidade nosológica própria e uma causa rara de disfunção transitória do ventrículo esquerdo, na ausência de doença coronária significativa. O propósito do presente trabalho foi analisar as características clínico-epidemiológicas dos casos internados por Cardiomiopatia de Takotsubo no Hospital de Messejana (HM), explorando a possível relação entre um estressor específico e o desenvolvimento da CMT. Trata-se de estudo epidemiológico descritivo, prospectivo, com eixo transversal analítico no qual foram observados prospectivamente todos os prontuários de pacientes com diagnóstico presumido de IAM e circunscreveu-se o tamanho da amostra aos casos com diagnóstico confirmado de Cardiomiopatia de Takotsubo, segundo os critérios de 2004 de Bybee et al. Os resultados apontaram que de 1147 prontuários analisados, entre janeiro e agosto de 2016, 9 pacientes satisfizeram os critérios para o diagnóstico de CMT. Oito (88,8%) pacientes eram do sexo feminino, com idade média de 60,7 anos. Dos pacientes analisados apenas 4 (44,4%) tinham estressores emocionais associados. Identificou-se forte associação entre idade e fator estressor prévio (r=0,799). Concluiu-se que a Cardiomiopatia de Takotsubo deve sempre ser considerada no diagnóstico diferencial da Síndrome coronariana aguda, mesmo os sintomas não tendo sido precipitados por intenso estresse emocional.Descritores: Cardiomiopatia de Takotsubo; Disfunção Ventricular; Miocárdio Atordoado.
Photofusion and Disaggregation of Silver Nanoparticles Suspended in Ethanol by Laser Irradiation
Authors: Ortega-Mendoza Gabriel , Goiz Oscar , Padilla-Vivanco Alfonso , Toxqui-Quitl Carina , Zaca-Moran Placido , Chavez Fernando
Published: October 2017

Background:

Metal nanoparticles have been widely investigated due to their unique optical,
mechanical, and chemical properties compared with those of the same bulk material. These
properties can be tuned by controlling their size or shape, in this sense, several nanomaterials have
been obtained by means of both chemical and physical methods. For instance, silver nanoparticles
have been obtained in liquid media by using laser ablation or chemical reduction techniques. Another
way to obtain a colloidal silver nanoparticles is through the well-known pulsed laser irradiation
method which can produce a stable colloidal solution in a few minutes of irradiation and without
stabilizing molecules or ligands.

Methods:

Silver nanopowder suspended in ethanol was irradiated with a pulsed laser at 532 nm via
optical fiber. Previously, the fiber was prepared by cleaving and removing its coating and then placed
in the middle of a cell. The pulse width was 15 ns and the pulse repetition frequency was 10 kHz.
Scanning and transmission electron microscopes were used to observe the silver nanoparticles before
and after laser irradiation, respectively. The samples were analyzed by means of UV-Vis spectrophotometer
to observe the absorption spectra.

Results:

The absorption spectra show that particle size distribution increases according to the irradiation
time. The colloidal solution showed a color change (from gray to yellow) after having irradiated
it for 5 minutes. From TEM images, it can be observed that silver nanopowder was transformed to
semispherical particles with diameters smaller than 1μm, however, due to the wide particle size distribution
the colloidal solution was centrifuged for 30 min to separate the nanoparticles.

Conclusion:

The pulsed laser irradiation method via optical fiber was successfully used to obtain a
stable yellow colloidal solution. Photomelting, photofusion, and photofragmentation are the responsible
phenomena for the change in morphology and size of the silver nanopowder.
Sensitive Capacitive-type Hydrogen Sensor Based on Ni Thin Film in Different Hydrogen Concentrations
Authors: Pour Ghobad Behzadi , Aval Leila Fekri , Eslami Shahnaz
Published: October 2017

Background:

Hydrogen sensors are micro/nano-structure that are used to locate hydrogen
leaks. They are considered to have fast response/recovery time and long lifetime as compared to
conventional gas sensors. In this paper, fabrication of sensitive capacitive-type hydrogen gas sensor
based on Ni thin film has been investigated. The C-V curves of the sensor in different hydrogen concentrations
have been reported.

Method:

Dry oxidation was done in thermal chemical vapor deposition furnace (TCVD). For oxidation
time of 5 min, the oxide thickness was 15 nm and for oxidation time 10 min, it was 20 nm. The
Ni thin film as a catalytic metal was deposited on the oxide film using electron gun deposition. Two
MOS sensors were compared with different oxide film thickness and different hydrogen concentrations.

Results:

The highest response of the two MOS sensors with 15 nm and 20 nm oxide film thickness in
4% hydrogen concentration was 87.5% and 65.4% respectively. The fast response times for MOS
sensors with 15 nm and 20 nm oxide film thickness in 4% hydrogen concentration was 8 s and 21 s,
respectively.

Conclusion:

By increasing the hydrogen concentration from 1% to 4%, the response time for MOS
sensor (20nm oxide thickness), was decreased from 28s to 21s. The recovery time was inversely
increased from 237s to 360s. The experimental results showed that the MOS sensor based on Ni thin
film had a quick response and a high sensitivity.
Relación entre variables del forófito y la riqueza de epífitas vasculares en los Pantanos de Centla, Tabasco, México
Authors: Jiménez-López Derio A. , Roblero-Velasco René de Jesús , Martínez-Meléndez Nayely , Ocampo Gilberto , Gallardo-Cruz José Alberto
Published: October 2017

Antecedentes y Objetivos: Las epífitas vasculares son elementos poco comunes en manglares debido a que la salinidad del agua de mar impone condiciones extremas que dificultan su establecimiento. En el sur de México se han realizado estudios sobre las relaciones epífitas-forófito, principalmente en bosques montanos, pero hay pocos trabajos enfocados en los manglares. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las relaciones entre la riqueza de epífitas y las características de los forófitos de Rhizophora mangle, especie amenazada de acuerdo a la NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010, en la Reserva de la Biosfera “Pantanos de Centla”, ubicada en el noreste del estado de Tabasco.Métodos: Se evaluó la relación entre la riqueza de epífitas y algunas variables de los forófitos, como la altura, el diámetro a la altura del pecho (DAP) y la cobertura de raíces aéreas, mediante modelos de regresión lineal. Además, los forófitos se dividieron en cinco zonas verticales para analizar la distribución vertical de las epífitas aplicando los índices de Sørensen y Margalef.Resultados clave: Se registraron 17 especies de epífitas. Orchidaceae y Bromeliaceae fueron las familias con mayor riqueza (seis especies cada una). El género más representativo fue Tillandsia (Bromeliaceae) con cinco especies. La riqueza de epífitas estuvo significativamente relacionada con la cobertura de raíces aéreas y el DAP de los forófitos. Las zonas I y III de los forófitos fueron las más similares ya que compartieron 47% del total de las especies registradas. La zona I (raíces aéreas) fue la más rica en especies de epífitas. En la zona V (parte exterior de la copa) solo se encontró a Selenicereus testudo (Cactaceae), especie también hallada en el resto de las zonas. El área de manglar estudiado presenta una riqueza relativamente alta de epífitas pese a la alta salinidad presente en su hábitat inundado.Conclusiones: La variación de los tamaños de los forófitos determinó la riqueza de epífitas. Las raíces aéreas de R. mangle son un nicho adicional para la colonización de epífitas y no solamente sirven como soporte al suelo inestable del ecosistema de manglar.
Evidencia de autopoliploidía y translocaciones en el cariotipo de Tigridia pavonia (Iridaceae, Iridoideae) de la Reserva Ecológica del Pedregal de San Ángel, México
Authors: Tapia-Pastrana Fernando , Tapia-Aguirre Fernando
Published: October 2017

Antecedentes y Objetivos: Tigridia pavonia fue propuesto como un taxon alotetraploide 2n=4x=28, pero sin evidencia citogenética que sustente su origen híbrido. Es una especie de amplia distribución en México y sus poblaciones carecen de una fórmula cariotípica y un análisis detallado de los cromosomas con satélites como criterio para determinar el número de organizadores nucleolares que confirmen o no dominancia nucleolar. En este trabajo se analiza y describe el número y arquitectura cromosómica de T. pavonia de una población mexicana, en búsqueda de evidencias que soporten o descarten su origen híbrido y se propone una fórmula cariotípica acorde al nivel y origen de ploidía.Métodos: Se utilizó una técnica de extendido en superficie y secado al aire que incluye maceración enzimática y choque hipotónico en meristemos radiculares para obtener los cromosomas en mitosis de seis individuos de T. pavonia, nativa de la Reserva Ecológica del Pedregal de San Ángel, en la Ciudad de México.Resultados clave: Se confirmó un cariotipo bimodal con 28 cromosomas que, de acuerdo a su similitud morfológica, fueron incluidos en siete grupos de cuatro cromosomas homólogos cada uno. Los cromosomas del grupo más pequeño exhibieron constricciones secundarias asociadas a macrosatélites lo que evidenció ausencia de dominancia nucleolar o amfiplastía diferencial. En el grupo de cromosomas grandes se observaron configuraciones que sugieren rearreglos por translocaciones. Se propone la fórmula 6m + 8sm para el cariotipo haploide.Conclusiones: Citogenéticamente, la presencia de cuatro satélites descarta un origen alotetraploide y la evidencia de posibles translocaciones se correlaciona con fragmentos, cromosomas B y centrómeros frágiles observados en otras especies del género. Lo anterior apoya el papel activo de las translocaciones en la conformación del cariotipo bimodal de T. pavonia.
Flora y vegetación del municipio Álamo Temapache, Veracruz, México
Authors: Francisco-de la Cruz Axel , Villarreal-Quintanilla José A. , Estrada-Castillón A. Eduardo , Jasso-Cantú Diana
Published: October 2017

Antecedentes y Objetivos: El objetivo del presente estudio fue conocer la flora y describir la vegetación del municipio Álamo Temapache, en el estado de Veracruz, México. El área está ubicada en el norte del estado y ocupa una extensión de 1280.62 km2.Métodos: Se delimitó la zona y se definieron rutas de colecta y reconocimiento de los tipos de vegetación. Se tomaron datos del tipo de comunidad vegetal y componentes, y se colectaron muestras botánicas. Finalmente se elaboró un mapa de vegetación y se enlistaron las especies con datos de forma de vida, nombre común y tipo de comunidad donde fueron localizadas.Resultados clave: Los resultados incluyen una lista florística de 753 especies, 491 géneros y 124 familias. Las familias mejor representadas son Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Poaceae y Malvaceae. Se reconocen ocho tipos de vegetación para el área: bosque tropical perennifolio, bosque tropical subcaducifolio, bosque de encino, palmar, vegetación acuática y subacuática, vegetación secundaria, comunidad de arvenses, y pastizal. Gran parte de la superficie es ocupada por huertos y campos agrícolas. La comunidad de malezas de áreas perturbadas es muy importante, en especial la de plantas arvenses, que es la que ocupa la mayor extensión en el área, seguida por el pastizal inducido y el bosque tropical subcaducifolio.Conclusiones: Se encontró que el área ha sido modificada fuertemente por actividades antrópicas; solo 8% de la superficie del municipio aún conserva la vegetación original.
STRATEGIES FOR ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION
Authors: Singh Preeti
Published: October 2017

Rajasthan is basically a Hindi speaking state, in government offices and schools Hindi is main language, very few people use written and spoken form of English. Those who use English are not efficiently using it. Therefore it is an urgent requirement to study status of English pronunciation and also to suggest strategies for improving English standard (Pronunciation) in government schools of Rajasthan, here people speaks many languages and dialects. So, the correct pronunciation of the words is a major problem in teaching second language because the pronunciation is greatly influenced by the regional language and dialect. The sounds of words which are not used in the mother tongue, is difficult to pronounce correctly. The teacher should provide appropriate situation and opportunities to the students by imitating the words, by using lingua phone and language laboratory, drill technique in classroom the skill of correct pronunciation can be developed among the students. This paper will suggest various strategies for correct pronunciation of words in government schools of Rajasthan. Although the content given is of basic nature but should necessary be taken seriously by them. In order to improve correct pronunciation and their by help in upbringing the standard of English language in government schools of Rajasthan. The faculty of speech is a natural gift. Education plays an important role to polish and improve the speech in our schools. It provides various opportunities to its natural development. So the teacher is an ideal model before the students. Therefore an English teacher should be more careful to his own pronunciation for lying down the correct speech habits of his students.
RESHAPING DISRUPTIVE BEHAVIOUR PROMOTES WORK EFFICIENCY OF TEACHERS IN PUPILS’ PROCESSING ORGANISATIONS
Authors: Muthusamy P.
Published: October 2017

In recent times, students of professional courses create many problems during the class hours and the freedom of teacher rights are curtailed. They could not work efficiently and effectively. Due to the above reason, teacher could not bring out any behaviour modification among the students. This short of behaviour hamper the classroom teaching-learning process and at the same time it may affect the behaviour of teachers inside the Classroom. Not only that, the teachers cannot perform their work effectively and efficiently. At present, most of the higher Educational Institutions are not properly following criteria for admitting the students, because they want to enroll students. In this juncture, students coming from different culture create unnecessary problems in the classroom and that may affect teachers teaching efficiency as well as academic development. The Disruptive behaviour and its causes and remedies must be discussed in the B.Ed curriculum. So that student teachers will come to know the nature of the behaviour and rectify the same among students and Teachers work efficiency will be used absolutely for students’s progress. Students will also come to know which one is Right behaviour and wrong behaviour. Through this process students will learn value based behaviour and create a congenial atmosphere in the class and Institution.
PERCEPTION OF STUDENTS TOWARDS EFFECTIVE TEACHING IN HIGHER EDUCATION: A MIXED ANALYSIS APPROACH
Authors: Bala Indu , Rani Franky
Published: October 2017

Higher education is the source or feeder system in all works of life and therefore supplies the much-needed human resources in management, planning, designing, teaching and research. Scientific and technological advancements and economic growth of a country are as dependent on higher education system. This paper presents an investigation carried out to determine the perception of students regarding effective teaching in higher education. The research was conducted using data, collected from 100 participants of Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar. A mixed analysis approach was used that includes both the qualitative as well as quantitative methods for data analysis. The findings of the study qualitatively showed that the gender wise overall 69% female students and 55% male students,Qualification wise 82% undergraduate students and 83% post-graduate students and the stream wise 59% arts, 59% science and 58% commerce students agree with the effective teaching in higher education. Further the results were strengthened by using quantitative data analysis. Quantitatively t-test was conducted on the data to verify the perception of participants and the results reveal that there is significant difference between the perceptions of the male and female student towards effective teaching in Higher education. Moreover, there is no significant difference of student’s perception on the basis of their academic qualification and streams towards effective teaching in higher education.
PROBLEMS OF RURAL GIRL STUDENTS IN HIGHEREDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION
Authors: Selvan A.
Published: October 2017

Higher Education means Tertiary Education, which is under taken in colleges (or) universities, and it may be delivered virtually (or) at a distance. There are a large number of problems that girl student’s face for developing their career potential. Some of the serious problems are as Follows: -Problems related to Home, Educational Institutions, Society, Economic problems, Educational problems. Rural girls belong to disable as per the data, Girl dropout ratio has increase with the enhanced pattern of gender inequality in access to education, which seems to be attainment and from urban to rural and to disadvantaged group in the society.Gender equality and the empowerment of women are gaining ground worldwide. There are more women Heads of state (or) Government then ever and the highest proportion of women serving as government ministers women are excursing ever-greater influence in business. More girls are going to school, and are growing up healthier and better equipped to realize their potential. Girl student’s suffer in many case, both form discrimination and from inequality treatment. It is easy to imagine that the difficulties encountered by rural girl students in obtaining higher education. Providing access to local relevant high-qualities education and training opportunities in critical to retaining rural girl students in Higher Educational Institutions.
Development of a Questionnaire to Measure the Attitudes of Laypeople, Physicians, and Psychotherapists Toward Telemedicine in Mental Health
Authors: Tonn Peter , Reuter Silja Christin , Kuchler Isabelle , Reinke Britta , Hinkelmann Lena , Stöckigt Saskia , Siemoneit Hanna , Schulze Nina
Published: October 2017

Background

In the field of psychiatry and psychotherapy, there are now a growing number of Web-based interventions, mobile phone apps, or treatments that are available via remote transmission screen worldwide. Many of these interventions have been shown to be effective in studies but still find little use in everyday therapeutic work. However, it is important that attitude and expectation toward this treatment are generally examined, because these factors have an important effect on the efficacy of the treatment. To measure the general attitude of the users and prescribers toward telemedicine, which may include, for instance, Web-based interventions or interventions through mobile phone apps, there are a small number of extensive tests. The results of studies based on small groups of patients have been published too, but there is no useful short screening tool to give an insight into the general population’s attitude. We have developed a screening instrument that examines such attitude through a few graded questions.

Objective

This study aimed to explore the Attitude toward Telemedicine in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (ATiPP) and to evaluate the results of general population and some subgroups.

Methods

In a three-step process, the questionnaire, which is available in three versions (laypeople, physicians, and psychologists), was developed. Afterwards, it was evaluated by four groups: population-representative laypeople, outpatients in different faculties, physicians, and psychotherapists.

Results

The results were evaluated from a total of 1554 questionnaires. The sample population included 1000 laypeople, 455 outpatients, 62 physicians, and 37 psychotherapists. The reliability of all three versions of the questionnaire seemed good, as indicated by the Cronbach alpha values of .849 (the laypeople group), .80 (the outpatients’ group), .827 (the physicians’ group), and .855 (the psychotherapists’ group).

Conclusions

The ATiPP was found to be useful and reliable for measuring the attitudes toward the Web-based interventions in psychiatry and psychotherapy and should be used in different studies in this field in the future to evaluate and reflect the attitude of the participants.
Avances sobre nutrición y fertilidad en ganado lechero: Revisión
Authors: Melendez Pedro , Bartolome Julian
Published: October 2017

En esta revisión se analizan los últimos antecedentes sobre la relación entre la nutrición y fertilidad en ganado lechero. Se establece la importancia de los niveles de glucosa en el postparto temprano y su relación con la fisiología de algunas hormonas tales como la insulina, IGF-I y somatotrofina. Se resalta la importancia de la inmunosupresión durante el periparto y su relación con el exceso de tejido adiposo que establece un estado pro-inflamatorio característico asociado  a la aparición de enfermedades metabólicas y reproductivas que afectan el rendimiento productivo y la fertilidad del rodeo lechero.
Efecto del residual de estiércol avícola o residual de fertilizante mineral en el rendimiento y la calidad de camelina (Camelina sativa L. Crantz)
Authors: Miralles de Imperial Hornedo Rosario , Delgado Arroyo María Mar , García Manso Ángela , González Gullón María Isabel , Martín Sánchez José Valero
Published: October 2017

El interés por el cultivo de camelina [Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz] para alimentación animal y biocombustible se está incrementando. Se condujo un ensayo en invernadero y tiestos con camelina cv. Calena después de un primer cultivo de cebada (Hordeum vulgare L.), con el fin de estudiar el efecto de la fertilización residual de gallinazas y mineral en el rendimiento y la calidad del grano. Los tratamientos aplicados en el cultivo anterior de cebada fueron: gallinaza o fertilizante mineral, N-P-K en dosis 0, 1, 1.5 y 2 (0, 60, 90,120 unidades fertilizantes de nitrógeno). Las variables estudiadas fueron: peso seco de biomasa aérea, peso seco de grano, peso de 1,000 granos, porcentaje de nitrógeno en biomasa aérea, porcentaje de nitrógeno en grano, porcentaje de proteína bruta en grano y porcentaje de grasa bruta en grano. Los tratamientos y dosis fueron significativamente diferentes. La interacción tratamiento*dosis fue significativa (P<0.05) para las variables estudiadas excepto para peso grano y peso de 1,000 granos. Para la gallinaza y el mineral los valores más altos en peso de grano se obtuvieron con dosis de 1 y 1.5, con rendimientos equivalentes en grano de 1,547 kg/ha y 1,504 kg/ha, para proteína bruta en grano fueron para dosis 1.5 en ambos tratamientos con 455.08 y 478.72 kg/hay para grasa bruta del grano fueron los más altos, para dosis de 1 y 1.5 con 481.27 y 454.06 kg/ha. En general, la camelina tuvo una buena respuesta a la fertilización residual con fertilización a partir de la gallinaza o mineral en rendimiento y calidad de grano.
Macro-mineral concentrations in soil and forage in three grassland sites at Zacatecas
Authors: Márquez-Madrid M. , Gutiérrez-Bañuelos H. H. , Bañuelos-Valenzuela R. , Muro-Reyes A. , Valdez-Cepeda R.D.
Published: October 2017

Mineral concentration in forage is an important factor for extensive livestock production. Therefore, a study was performed in order to evaluate the soil mineral contents and their relationships with forage mineral concentrations taking into account three grassland sites located at Zacatecas state, México. Soil organic matter (OM) content and pH as well as soil and forage contents of Ca, P, Mg, Na and K were estimated. Soil OM contents were not different (P>0.05) among sites averaging 2.99 %. Soil pH of site 2 was higher (P£0.05) than those of sites 1 and 3. Soil of site 2 had higher P, Ca and Mg concentrations than the minimum contents used as references. Soil contents of Na and K were lower than the reference contents suggesting deficiencies in all three sites. Considering requirements for growing cattle, P, Ca and Na were at insufficient levels in forage from all three sites. Significant correlations (r Pearson) suggest a positive effect of soil P content on forage P and Mg concentrations. Soil P content could affect forage Ca concentration and Ca:P ratio. Other correlations suggest soil Ca negative effects on forage Ca concentration and Ca:P ratio.
Kisspeptina en becerras prepúberes: I. Influencia de la edad en la respuesta de LH, FSH y GH a kisspeptina-10 y su asociación con IGF-I, leptina y estradiol
Authors: Alamilla Rodríguez Mónica , Calderón Robles René Carlos , Rosete Fernández Jorge Víctor , Rodríguez Hernández Karla , Vera Ávila Héctor Raymundo , Arreguín Arévalo Jesús Alejandro , Nett Terry M. , Gutiérrez Aguilar Carlos Guillermo , González Padilla Everardo , Gómez-Chavarín Margarita , Villa Godoy Alejandro
Published: October 2017

El objetivo fue evaluar la respuesta de LH, FSH y GH a kisspeptina-10 (KISS) en becerras prepúberes de distintas edades, y su asociación con IGF-I, E2 y leptina circulantes. A 21 becerras de 4, 7 y 11 meses de edad se les aplicó una inyección i.v. de 5 µg de KISS/kg de peso. En suero obtenido de la yugular (cada 15 min, 4 h pre hasta 4 h post-KISS) se cuantificó LH, FSH y GH. En nueve muestras (tres pre y seis post-KISS) se determinó IGF-I, leptina y estradiol (E2). En todas las becerras aumentó la LH post-KISS, con un valor máximo (6.1±1.3a, 7.2±1.3a, 11.6+1.3b ng/ml) y duración de respuesta (64.3±20a, 92±20b, 132.9+20c min) que aumentó (P<0.05) con la edad. Para FSH, 71.4, 100 y 100 % de las becerras de 4, 7 y 11 meses respondieron a KISS-10; situación que para GH fue 71.4, 85.7 y 100 %, respectivamente. La magnitud de la respuesta de FSH y GH a KISS fue similar entre edades. Las becerras de 11 meses tuvieron las máximas concentraciones de IGF-I y E2 y las menores de leptina. Se concluye que KISS-10 evoca un aumento de LH en becerras de 4 a 11 meses, cuya magnitud de respuesta se asocia con la edad, con el incremento en sangre periférica de IGF-I y E2 y con la disminución de leptina sérica; en contraste, la respuesta de GH y FSH a KISS-10 no es afectada por la edad ni por las variaciones en IGF-I, E2 y leptina.
Dinámica poblacional de tallos de ovillo (Dactylis glomerata L.) solo y asociado con ballico perenne (Lolium perenne L.) y trébol blanco (Trifolium repens L.)
Authors: Rojas García Adelaido Rafael , Ventura Ríos Joel , Hernández-Garay Alfonso , Joaquín Cancino Santiago , Maldonado Peralta María de los Ángeles , Reyes Vázquez Iván
Published: October 2017

El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la densidad de tallos del pasto ovillo en monocultivo, y asociado con ballico perenne y trébol blanco  en diferentes proporciones. Los tratamientos consistieron de las siguientes asociaciones: 20-70-10, 70-20-10, 100-00-00, 40-40-20 % de pasto ovillo (Ov), ballico perenne (Ba) y trébol blanco (Tr), respectivamente. Los tratamientos se distribuyeron en un arreglo de bloques al azar con tres repeticiones. La asociación 70-20-10 de Ov-Ba-Tr es la que presenta mayor densidad de tallos de Ov, con un promedio de 3,750 tallos m-2, y la menor densidad de tallos fue en el Ov en monocultivo (100-00-00), con un promedio de 2,400 tallos m-2 (P<0.05). La población de tallos en Ba fue baja en todas las asociaciones, en promedio de 225 tallos m-2. La mayor densidad de tallos en pasto Ov-Ba se presentó en otoño e invierno. Independientemente de la asociación en la estación de primavera se encontró mayor peso por tallo con 0.30 y 0.42 g tallo-1, en Ov y Ba y menor en invierno con 0.13 y 0.14 g tallo-1, en Ov y Ba, respectivamente. En conclusión, la dinámica de población de tallos de pasto ovillo tendió a mantenerse; en contraste, en pasto ovillo solo y ballico perenne disminuyó la población de tallos.
PAYUNG HUKUM PELAKSAAN ABORTUS PROVOKATUS PADA KEHAMILAN AKIBAT PERKOSAAN
Authors: Susanti Rika
Published: October 2017

AbstrakPada survei yang dilakukan WHO dibeberapa kota besar di Asia pada tahun 1996 di Indonesia ditemukan bahwa pada wanita yang berumur diatas 16 tahun dikota Jakarta dan Surabaya pada 1400 sampel didapatkan 2,7% pernah mengalami perkosaan. Beberapa korban hamil, dan ingin mengakhiri kehamilan. Hukum di Indonesia (KUHP), menjelaskan bahwa semua usaha dalam rangka menghentikan kehamilan adalah suatu tindak pidana dan tidak dipersoalkan apakah indikasi dari pengguguran kandungan tersebut. Setelah adanya UU Kesehatan RI No 23 tahun 1992, barulah abortus provokatus atas indikasi medis mendapatkan payung hukum. Disini dijelaskan bahwa jika abortus dalam rangka menyelamatkan nyawa ibu atau anak diperbolehkan (indikasi medis). Legitimasi abortus provokatus atas indikasi medis saat ini dianggap tidak mencukupi lagi, sehingga diperlukan pula legalisasi indikasi non medis, seperti pada korban pemerkosaan dan child abuse. Dengan keluarnya UU Kesehatan No.36 tahun 2009, maka sudah melegalkan tindakan aborsi pada kehamilan akibat perkosaan.Kata kunci: perkosaan, kehamilan, abortus provokatus, payung hukum, KUHP, UU Kesehatan.AbstractIn the survey conducted by WHO in several major cities in Asia in 1996 in Indonesia found that in women aged over 16 years in the city of Jakarta and Surabaya in 1400 samples were obtained 2.7% had experienced rape. Some victims become pregnant due to rape action and there is a desire to terminate the pregnancy. The law in Indonesia is regulated in the Penal Code (KUHP), explain determined that all efforts in order to stop the pregnancy is a crime and not questioned whether the indications of such abortions. After the Health Law (Undang-Undang Kesehatan RI) No. 23 of 1992, then provoked abortion on medical indication obtain legal protection. Here was explained that if the abortion in order to save the life of the mother or child is allowed (a medical indication). The legitimacy of provoked abortion on medical indication currently considered no longer sufficient, so that will be required to legalize non-medical indications, such as the victims of rape and child abuse. With the release of the Health Law No.36 of 2009, it had legalized abortion in pregnancies due to rape. Key words : rape, pregnancy, abortus, legal protection, article of the Penal Code, the Law on Health.
HUBUNGAN PERSENTASE DAN POLA STROMA REAKTIF DENGAN DERAJAT HISTOPATOLOGI LESI PROSTAT
Authors: Hilbertina Noza , Mulyani Henny
Published: October 2017

AbstrakAktivasi dari lingkungan mikro stromal pada pejamu diperkirakan merupakan tahapan kritis dalam pertumbuhan dan progresi dari adenokarsinoma. Stroma reaktif ini sangat penting dalam merangsang invasi, progresi dan metastasis tumor. Kanker prostat adalah kanker yang tersering pada laki-laki.. Elemen pembeda pada prostat adalah fenotipe otot polos yang ada pada jaringan prostat normal sulit dibedakan dengan stroma reaktif pada pewarnaan rutin yaitu hematoksilin eosin. Dengan aplikasi pulasan Masson trichrome maka stroma normal dan stroma reaktif dapat dibedakan secara jelas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persentase dan pola distribusi stroma reaktif berdasarkan derajat histopatologi lesi prostat.Seratus sepuluh kasus lesi prostat yang telah didiagnosis di Laboratorium Patologi FK-Unand, Padang dilakukan review ulang terhadap derajat histopatologi lesi. Selanjutnya blok parafin dari kasus yang bersangkutan dipotong ulang untuk pewarnaan Masson trichrome dan dinilai secara mikroskopik persentase dan pola stroma reaktif tersebut.Analisis statistik menunjukkan hubungan yang kuat dan bermakna secara statistik antara persentase stroma reaktif dengan derajat histopatologi lesi prostat dengan nilai r = 0,679 dan p < 0,05 dan juga terdapat hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik antara pola distribusi stroma reaktif dengan derajat histopatologi lesi prostat dengan nilai p < 0,05Kata Kunci : Derajat histopatologi, persentase stroma reaktif, pola stroma reaktifAbstractActivation of the host stromal microenvironment is predicted to be a critical step in adenocarcinoma growth and progression. Reactive stroma in cancer would be predicted to enhance tumor progression, stimulating invasion and metastasis. Prostat cancer is the most cancer in men. Prostat cancer reactive stroma is composed of a myofibroblast/fibroblast mix. A simple trichrome stain makes the process of distinguishing normal stroma and reactive stroma more obvious. We examined the association of percentage and pattern of reactive stroma to histopatologic grading from the prostate lesions.A hundred and ten of prostate lesion were obtain from the Pathological Anatomic Laboratorium, Medical Faculty of Andalas University in Padang. The hematoxilinARTIKEL PENELITIAN107eosin slides were reviewed by two viewer for histopathologic grading and than whole mount thin section were stained with Masson trichrome. To evaluate the reactive stromal interpretation classified in to percentage (+, ++, +++) and pattern of reactive stroma (regular and irregular).There were significant association between percentage of reactive stroma with histopathologic grading statistically (p<0,05 and r=0,679) and significant association between pattern of reactive stroma with histopathologic grading statistically (p<0,05).Key word : histopathologic grading, percentage, pattern
EFEK PENGGUNAAN ZAT PEWARNA Erythrosine TERHADAP KADAR T3 DAN T4 SERUM PADA TIKUS GALUR WISTAR
Authors: Asterina Asterina , Sy Elmatris , Alioes Yustini
Published: October 2017

AbstrakZat pewarna sintetis erythrosine berdasarkan struktur kimianya terkandung senyawa yodium, maka dapat dikatakan secara substansial asupan makanan yang mengandung erythrosine merupakan asupan yodium. Penggunaan zat pewarna erythrosine dalam waktu lama dan kadar diatas ambang batas tentu akan memberikan kontribusi kelebihan asupan yodium dan akan berdampak terhadap kadar T3 dan T4 dalam serum.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Efek Penggunaan Zat Pewarna Erythrosine terhadap Kadar T3 dan T4 Serum pada Tikus galur Wistar, yang dilakukan dari bulan April sampai bulan November 2010. Penelitian ini dilakukan di laboratorium Farmasi Unand dan Laboratorium Biokimia Fakultas Kedokteran Unand . Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Eksperimental dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 21. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat kecendrungan penurunan T3 dan T4. Kesimpulan : terdapat efek pemberian Erythrosine 300 ppm, 600 ppm hingga 1% pada waktu 3 minggu terhadap kadar T3 dan T4, secara statistic terdapat penurunan yang bermakna dengan nilai p = 0,018 dan p = 0,012 bila dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Tidak terdapat pengaruh lama waktu paparan zat pewarna erythrosine terhadap nilai T3, yang secara statistic tidak terdapat penurunan yang bermakna dengan p = 0,062, bila dibandingkan terhadap kontrol. Terdapat pengaruh lama waktu paparan zat pewarna erythrosine terhadap nilai T4 , yang secara statistic terdapat penurunan yang bermakna dengan p = 0,041, bila dibandingkan terhadap kontrol.Kata kunci : Erythrosine , T3, T4AbstractThe synthetic dyes, erythrosine based on their chemical structure contain iodine compound, then they can be said substantially as food intake containing erythrosine is iodine uptake. The utility eryhthrosine in a long time with certain over thres hold will provide to contribute iodine uptake exceed and impact to serum T3 and T4.This research aim to know the effect of using erythrosine dye to serum T3 and T4 in Galur Wistar mice, performed from April to November 2010. This research is performe in Laboratory of Farmacy of Andalas University and Biochemical laboratory of Medical Faculty, Andalas University. Type of study used isARTIKEL PENELITIAN127Experimental study with 21. samples. Result indicate that there is tendency of decreasing T3 and T4.Conclusion: there are administering effect of 300 ppm, 600 ppm Erythrosine until 1% for three weeks to T3 and T4, respectively. Statistically, there are significantly decreasing with value p = 0,018 and p = 0,012 respectively, than control. There is not effect of expose time of Erythrosine to T3, which statistically is no significantly declining by p =0,062, than control. There are effect of expose time of eryhrosine to T4 level, which statistically there is declining significantly with p = 0,041, than control.Key word : Erythrosine, T3, T4.
ABSES HATI PIOGENIK
Authors: Jurnalis Yusri Dianne , Delfican Delfican , Sayoeti Yorva
Published: October 2017

AbstrakAbses hati piogenik merupakan suatu kondisi yang berat dan mengancam kehidupan dengan angka mortalitas yang tinggi sehingga membutuhkan diagnostik dan terapi yang akurat. Gejala yang paling sering ditemukan adalah nyeri perut bagian atas, hepatomegali, demam tinggi, mual dan muntah. Gejala ini bervariasi sesuai ukuran abses, keadaan umum pasien, adanya penyakit dasar dan komplikasi. Pada sebagian besar kasus, penyakit dasarnya tidak diketahui. Abses biasanya soliter dan terletak di lobus kanan hati. USG dan CT scan abdomen merupakan sarana diagnostik utama. Abses hati piogenik diterapi dengan aspirasi perkutaneus bersamaan dengan antibiotik. Jika gagal, drainase dengan pembedahan dibutuhkan. Dengan adanya terapi invasif yang minimal seperti aspirasi jarum perkutaneus atau drainase kateter yang dipandu secara radiologis serta ketersediaan antibiotik berspektrum luas, pasien jarang membutuhkan tindakan pembedahan saat ini.Kata kunci : abses hati piogenik, aspirasi perkutaneus, drainase bedahAbstractPyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is a serious, life threatening condition with a high mortality rate that represents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. The most common presenting clinical symptoms are upper abdominal pain, tenderness, hepatomegaly, high-grade fever, nausea and vomiting. These features are variable depending upon the size of the abscess, general health of the patient, associated diseases and complications. In majority of the cases, the underlying cause could not be identified. Majority of abscesses are solitary and are noted in the right lobe of liver. USG and CT of the abdomen are the main tools of diagnosis. PLAs are mainly treated by percutaneous aspiration under antibiotic cover. If fails, surgical drainage becomes necessary. However, with the advent of minimally invasive therapy such as image-guided percutaneous needle aspiration or catheter drainage and the availability of broadspectrum antibiotics, patients with PLA nowadays seldom require open surgery for treatment.Key word : pyogenic liver abscess, percutaneous aspiration, surgical drainage
DURASI KONSUMSI MAKANAN DIGORENG DENGAN MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT PEMANASAN BERULANG TERHADAP MALONDIALDEHID PLASMA
Authors: Asni Enikarmila , Ismawati Ismawati , Arlem Bulqis Vellaya
Published: October 2017

AbstrakPemanasan berulang pada minyak dengan suhu tinggi mengakibatkan proses oksidasiyang akan meningkatkan oksidan tubuh jika termakan. Penelitian ini menentukan pengaruhlama konsumsi makanan yang digoreng dengan minyak kelapa sawit pemanasan 40 kaliterhadap kadar malondialdehid (MDA) plasma. Desain penelitian ini adalah post test onlycontrol group dengan menggunakan hewan coba tikus sebagai sampel.Tikus dibagi 4 kelompokyang terdiri dari 2 kelompok perlakuan 14 dan 28 hari yang diberikan kentang yang digorengdengan minyak tanpa pemanasan berulang serta 2 kelompok perlakuan 14 dan 28 hari denganpemanasan berulang 40 kali. MDA diukur dengan metode Wills. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa MDA plasma pada kelompok dengan pemanasan berulang berbeda bermakna(p=0,004) jika dikonsumsi selama 28 hari, namun tidak berbeda bermakna (p=0,749) jikadikonsumsi selama 14 hari jika dibandingkan dengan kelompok tanpa pemanasan berulang.Durasi konsumsi selama 14 dan 28 hari tidak mengakibatkan perbedaan MDA plasma yangbermakna (p=0,766). Kesimpulan, pemberian makanan yang digoreng dengan minyakkelapa sawit yang dipanaskan berulang 40 kali selama 14 dengan 28 hari tidak menimbulkanperbedaan bermakna kadar MDA plasma.AbstractRe-heated process of oil could increase oxidative products, resulting in the increase ofoxidant level if consumed. This research investigated the influence of long term consumptionof food fried in 40 times re-heated palm oil on plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) level. This waspost test only control group research. This research used rat as experimental models whichwere divided into 4 groups. Two groups were given potatoes fried in non re-heated palm oilfor 14 and 28 days, and 2 groups were given potatoes fried in 40 times re-heated palm oilfor 14 and 28 days. MDA levels were measured by Wills methods. Result showed that MDAplasma level in re-heated group was significantly different (p=0.004) if consumed for 28 dayscompared to non re-heated group, but was not significantly different (p=0.749) if consumedfor 14 days. There was no significant difference on MDA plasma level between the durationof consumption for 14 days and 28 days (0.766). As conclusion, consumption of food fried in40 times re-heated palm oil for 14 and 28 days did not cause significant differences on MDAplasma level.
UJI RELIABILITAS DIAGNOSIS MIKROSKOPIS MALARIA TENAGA LABORATORIUM PUSKESMAS DI DAERAH ENDEMIK KOTA SAWAHLUNTO SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: Nurhayati Nurhayati , Hasmiwati Hasmiwati , Rusjdi Selfi Renita
Published: October 2017

AbstrakPemeriksaan mikroskopis masih merupakan diagnosis pilihan untuk malaria karena mudahdan murah, tetapi kesalahan diagnosis mikroskopik sangat sering terjadi karena kurangketerampilan dan pengalaman pemeriksa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai reliabilitas hasilpemeriksaan mikroskopis malaria yang dilakukan oleh tenaga laboratorium pada tiga puskesmasdi daerah Sawahlunto; Sei Durian (SDR), Silungkang (SLK) dan Talawi (TLW). Desainpenelitian adalah cross sectional study. Populasi adalah mikroskopis yang terdapat pada ketigapuskesmas tersebut. Reliabilitas dinilai dengan nilai Kappa yang ditetapkan dengan ujikesepakatan hasil pemeriksaan dari 3 mikroskopis puskesmas dan satu mikroskopis standar.Nilai Kappa yang diterima adalah 0,61-1. Reliabilitas diagnosis malaria vivax mikroskopis SDRdan SLK tidak bisa dinilai karena jumlah malaria vivax sedikit, sedangkan reliabilitas diagnosismikroskopis TLW bernilai kurang (Kappa=0,253). Reliabilitas diagnosis falciparum mikroskopisPuskesmas SDR, SLK, TLW berturut-turut adalah jelek, jelek dan kurang (Kappa 0,022;0,006 dan 0,200). Sedangkan reliabilitas diagnosis mikroskopis malaria positif dan negatifSDR, SLK dan TLW adalah berturut-turut jelek, jelek dan sedang (Kappa 0,024; 0,008 dan0,442). Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kompetensi ketiga mikroskopis tersebutmasih diragukan.AbstractMicroscopic test is still the best option for malaria diagnostic because of simple andless expensive. However, fault in diagnosis frequently happen because of lack of skills andexperience. This study determined reliability of microscopic tests conducted by microscopistsin three public health centres in Sawahlunto; SDR, SLK, and TLW. This was a cross sectionalstudy. The reliability is determined by Kappa value which is stated by agreement test of 3microscopists of the three public health centres and 1 standardized microscopist. The Kappavalue was 0,61-1. The reliability of malaria vivax microscopic tests of SDR and SLK couldnot be determined because of small number of cases, and the reliability of TLW was fair. Thereliability of malaria falciparum microscopic tests of SDR, SLK and TLW were poor, poor andfair (Kappa value 0,022; 0,006 and 0,200). The reliability based on positivity and negativity ofparasite existence were poor, poor and moderate (Kappa value 0,024; 0,008 and 0,442). Thisstudy concluded that the competencies of microscopists in these three area were questionable.
HUBUNGAN MEKANISME KOPING DENGAN KEPATUHAN KEMOTERAPI PADA PENDERITA KEGANASAN YANG MENGALAMI ANSIETAS DAN DEPRESI
Authors: Sonia Gina , Arifin Helmi , Murni Arina Widya
Published: October 2017

AbstrakPenderita keganasan mendapat kemoterapi banyak menunjukkan gejala psikologisseperti ansietas dan depresi yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan penderita dalammenjalani kemoterapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan mekanisme kopingdengan kepatuhan melakukan kemoterapi pada penderita keganasan yang mengalamiansietas dan depresi. Penelitian dilakukan selama 3 bulan pada penderita keganasan yangmenjalani kemoterapi di RSUP M.Djamil dengan metode cross sectional. Jumlah pasienadalah 59 pasien, 38 diantaranya mengalami ansietas dan/atau depresi. Mekanisme kopingdinilai dengan Brief Cope. Kepatuhan dinilai dengan wawancara dan kuesioner. Ansietasdan depresi dinilai dengan HAD Scale. Data di analisa dengan SPSS menggunakan uji Chi-Square dan korelasi koefisien kontingensi dengan tingkat kebermaknaan p<0,05. Kesimpulandari penelitian ini adalah prevalensi depresi lebih tinggi dari pada ansietas pada penderitakeganasan yang menjalani kemoterapi, dan ada hubungan kuat yang bermakna secarastatistik antara mekanisme koping dengan kepatuhan melakukan kemoterapi pada penderitakeganasan yang mengalami ansietas dan depresi.AbstractPatients with malignancies who received chemotherapy show psychological symptomssuch as anxiety and depression that correlated with their adherence to chemotherapy. Thisstudy aims to see the relationship between coping mechanisms with chemotherapy adherencein patients with malignancies who experience anxiety and depression. The study was conductedfor 3 months in patients with malignancies undergoing chemotherapy at Dr M.Djamil usingcross sectional design. The number of patients was 59, 38 of them experienced anxiety and/ordepression. Coping mechanism was assessed using the Brief Cope. Compliance was assessedby interview and questionnaire. Anxiety and depression were assessed by the HAD Scale. Datawas analyzed with SPSS using Chi-Square and coefficient contingency correlation, significancelevel of p <0.05. The final conclusion of this study is that the prevalence of depression washigher than the prevalence of anxiety in patients with malignancies who undergo chemotherapy,and there was a strong relationship between coping mechanism and chemotherapy adherencein patients with malignancies who experienced anxiety and depression.