bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MAMLAKATIMIZ IQTISODIYOTIDA RAQOBATNI RIVOJLANTIRISH VA MONOPOLIYALARNI TARTIBGA SOLISHNING NAZARIY ASOSLARI
Authors: Akbarov Jasur
Published: February 2024

Ushbu maqolada, monopoliyaning kelib chiqishi, unga berilgan turli ta’riflar, monopoliyalarni tartibga solish va unda davlatning rolini oshirish, monopoliyaga qarshi boshqaruvning mazmun-mohiyati, nazariy asoslari, zarurati hamda mamlakatimizda raqobat muhitini rivojlantirishning ahamiyati haqida so‘z yuritilgan.
MAMLAKAT IQTISODIYOTIDA ISHLAB CHIQARISHGA INVESTITSIYALARNI JALB QILISHNING O'ZIGA XOS XUSUSIYATLARI
Authors: Ruziyeva Dilobar , Nazarova Asal
Published: February 2024

Ushbu maqolada xorijiy investitsiyalarning sanoat ishlab chiqarishdagi o’rnining dolzarbligi, investitsiyalarning iqtisodiyotga ijobiy ta’siri, iqtisodiyot tarmoqlarida investitsiyalardan samarali foydalanishni tashkil etish chora-tadbirlari va investitsiyalarni jalb qilish istiqbollari, investitsiya bilan birga turli soha va tarmoqlarga, hududlarga yangi texnologiyalar, ilg‘or tajribalar, yuksak malakali mutaxassislar kirib kelishi yo‘nalishlari, O‘zbekiston iqtisodiyotini rivojlantirishda investitsiyalar samaradorligi tahlili keltirilgan.
RAQAMLI IQTISODIYOTDA KIBERXAVFSIZLIKNING AHAMIYATI
Authors: Uzaqov Ortiq
Published: February 2024

Raqamli iqtisodiyot insonlarning turmush darajasini sezilarli darajada oshiradi, bu uning asosiy foydasidir. Raqamli iqtisodiyot korrupsiya va qora iqtisodiyotning asosiy kushandasidir. Chunki, raqamlar hamma narsani muhrlaydi, xotirada saqlaydi, kerak paytda maʼlumotlarni tez taqdim etadi. Bunday sharoitda biron maʼlumotni yashirish, yashirin bitimlar tuzish, u yoki bu faoliyat haqida to‘liq axborot bermaslikning iloji yo‘q, kompyuter hammasini namoyon qilib qo‘yadi. Maʼlumotlar ko‘pligi va tizimliligi yolg‘on va qing‘ir ishlarga yo‘l bermaydi.
ҚИЙМАТГА ЙЎНАЛТИРИЛГАН ИННОВАЦИОН БИЗНЕС МОДЕЛИНИ ЯРАТИШ: ТАМОЙИЛЛАР, МЕЗОНЛАР ВА ВОСИТАЛАР
Authors: Бегматова Шахноза
Published: February 2024

Ушбу мақола тадбиркорликда қиймат инновациясининг асосий муваффақият омилларига оид концептуал мунозараларга ҳисса қўшишга қаратилган ва бизнес контекстида қиймат инновацияларни амалга оширишга ёрдам берадиган инновацион амалиёт ва жараёнларни тақдим этади.
ҲОЗИРГИ ЗАМОН ИҚТИСОДИЁТ НАЗАРИЯСИ ФАНИНИНГ ИСЛОҲОТЛАРИ: ЗАРУРЛИГИ, ҲОЛАТИ ВА УСТУВОР ЙЎНАЛИШЛАРИ
Authors: Мирзакаримова Муяссар , Кулматов Алимжон
Published: February 2024

Мақолада замонавий иқтисодий трансформациялар, иқлим ўзгаришлари, билимлар иқтисодиётининг вужудга келиши, глобаллашув жараёнлари билан боғлиқ дунё аҳолисининг дунёқараши, хулқ-атвор тамойиллари тобора бир хиллашиб бораётганлиги билан боғлиқ равишда ҳукмрон иқтисодий тафаккурнинг ҳозирги давр ижтимоий-иқтисодий муаммоларига жавоб бера олмай қолаётганлигини ҳисобга олиб, нафақат иқтисодий, балки ижтимоий-маданий, маънавий-этик ва маънавий-психологик жиҳатларни акс эттирадиган кишилар ўртасидаги муносабатларнинг амал қилиши янги тамойилларини ишлаб чиқишга алоҳида эътибор қаратиш лозимлиги таъкидланган. Бу иқтисодиёт назарияси фанининг иқтисодий сиёсатнинг назарий асоси, бошқа иқтисодий фанларнинг назарий-услубий асоси сифатидаги вазифаларини трансформация жараёнлари туфайли етарли даражада бажара олмаётганлиги билан боғлиқлиги асосланган.
ЎЗБЕКИСТОНДА АКЦИЗ СОЛИҒИ МАЪМУРЧИЛИГИ ҲАМДА УНИНГ НАЗОРАТНИ ТАКОМИЛЛАШТИРИШ ЙЎЛЛАРИ
Authors: Раджабов Хушвакт
Published: February 2024

Aкциз солиғи давлат даромадларини шакллантиришда ва муайян товар ва хизматлар истеъмолини тартибга солишда муҳим рол ўйнайди. Мақолада акциз солиғи маъмуриятчилиги бўйича мавжуд адабиётлар кўриб чиқилди, илғор халқаро тажрибалардан хулосалар олинди. Шунингдек, назорат механизмларини такомиллаштиришнинг асосий йўналишлари белгилаб берилган, асосий эътибор солиқ органларида сиёсат ислоҳотлари, технологик интеграция ва салоҳиятни оширишга қаратилган.
МОЛИЯВИЙ ҲИСОБОТНИНГ ХАЛҚАРО СТАНДАРТЛАРИГА ЎТИШНИНГ СОЛИҚ ОҚИБАТЛАРИ
Authors: Янгиева Наргиза
Published: February 2024

Мазкур мақолада корхоналарнинг молиявий ҳисоботнинг халқаро стандартларига ўтиш натижасида келиб чиқадиган солиқ оқибатлари ёритилган. Мoлиявий ҳиcoбoтнинг xaлқapo cтaндapтлapи ўтган корхоналарда солиқ ҳисоботларини тузишда қандай меъёрий ҳужжатлардан ва манбалардан фойдаланиш масаласига аниқлик киритилган.
Imagen de la patria
Authors: Mogrovejo Alejandro Raúl
Published: February 2024

Este artículo analiza el recurso pictórico denominado Imagen de la Patria, del maestro Oswaldo Guayasamín, como instrumento para la enseñanza del Derecho; para posteriormente limitar el problema de investigación al análisis de las categorías relativas al pluralismo jurídico y a los derechos humanos, entre otros aspectos de interés jurídico. En este sentido, se plantea como objetivo analizar las realidades manifestadas en el mural desde su relación con esta rama del conocimiento. Para ello, se parte de la revisión crítica de diferentes fuentes documentales sobre el objeto de estudio y se aborda el examen de las relaciones entre el Derecho y el arte.
رفرکتومتری آب خالص و نرمال سالین تحت تیمار میدان های شعوری طاهری
Authors: طاهری محمدعلی , پایروند فیروز , احمدخانلو فرزاد , ترابی سارا , سمسارها فرید
Published: February 2024

تغییر در ضریب شکست نور در یک محیط، بیانگر اندرکنش های بین مولکولی موثر در ایجاد دانسیته ی نوری محیط است. در حالت عمومی، تغییر در محتوای مولکولی ناشی از ایجاد سیستم های مولکولی حلال و حل شونده، منجر به تغییر در ضریب انکسار یک محلول می شود. در ادامه ی مطالعات بررسی اثرگذاری میدان های شعوری(ط) بر محیط آب و محلول شناخته شده ی فراوان در سطح زمین و دارویی آن، نرمال سالین، در این پژوهش بررسی اثرگذاری میدان های شعوری(ط) بر ضریب انکسار محیط آب خالص و نرمال سالین در مقایسه با کنترل صورت گرفته است. بر اساس نتیجه ی حاصل شده، میدان های شعوری(ط) در حالت کلی، منجر به افزایش اندیس انکسار در نمونه ها می شوند که بیانگر تغییرات در جنبش های مولکولی نمونه یا به عبارتی افزایش دانسیته نوری آن در هر دو نمونه ی آب و نرمال سالین است. در نمونه ی آب خالص، تفاوت معناداری میان اثرگذاری انواع میدان وجود ندارد اما در نمونه ی نرمال سالین، بیشترین اثرگذاری متعلق به میدان شعوری(ط) 3 و پس از آن به ترتیب میدان های شعوری(ط) 2 و 1 است. بررسی تغییرات مولکولی نمونه با تکنیک های تکمیلی در دستور کار نویسندگان این مطالعه قرار دارد.
Examination of the Effects of Taheri Consciousness Fields on the Physicochemical Properties of Water in Pure and Normal Saline Forms
Authors: Taheri Mohammad Ali
Published: February 2024

In this issue, water, as a crucial molecule in Earth's structure and the formation of life, has been selected. The application of TCFs in diverse experiments on water molecules, in both normal saline and pure forms, provides the opportunity to elucidate the effects of TCFs on the level of these vital molecules. In this issue, besides examining the effects of these fields on various properties of pure water molecules, a 0.9% sodium chloride aqueous solution, commonly known as normal saline, has also been utilized. This solution is considered the most abundant aqueous solution in nature and a medicinal compound for humans. These studies investigate some of the physical and chemical properties of water, such as pH, temperature, electrical conductivity, optical absorption, and light scattering, under the treatment of TCFs in comparison to the control group.
Investigation of Temperature, pH, and Electrical Conductivity of Normal Saline in the Presence of Taheri Consciousness Field 2
Authors: Taheri Mohammad Ali , Payervand Firouz , Ahmadkhanlou Farzad , Torabi Sara , Semsarha Farid
Published: February 2024

In the studies conducted by other researchers, it has been established that the introduction of solutes into water leads to changes in its physical properties, including the boiling and freezing points, indicating the influence of solutes on the physicochemical properties of pure water. In studies on the effects of T-Consciousness Fields on water, it is important to investigate the structure of the water solution since we seek to determine the degree and duration of its influence. On the other hand, one of the well-known and globally recognized medicinal solutions involving water, with valuable biological properties, readily available in pharmaceutical standards, and the most abundant form of water on Earth, is normal saline. In this research, the influence of T-Consciousness Field 2 (TCF2), as the applied field with a specific mission, on the properties of normal saline, e.g., a decrease in electrical conductivity has been studied. According to the results obtained from this research, the trend of temperature changes in normal saline in the control and sample is similar to the temperature of pure water under the influence of TCF2. However, the changes in their pH values vary with time, showing oscillations in both the sample and control of normal saline. Furthermore, the electrical conductivity in the control and sample decreases, but with a steeper slope, reaching approximately a 33% reduction in the sample, according to the mission of T-Consciousness Fields applied in this study. The investigation of other physical properties of normal saline under the treatment of T-Consciousness Field 2 is on the authors' agenda.
Investigating Ultraviolet-Visible Absorption of Pure Water and Normal Saline under the Treatment of Taheri Consciousness Fields
Authors: Taheri Mohammad Ali , Payervand Firouz , Ahmadkhanlou Farzad , Torabi Sara , Semsarha Farid
Published: February 2024

UV-Vis spectroscopy is a spectrophotometric technique that relies on the absorption of light by species within the ultraviolet to visible range (200 to 700 nanometers). The study of water absorption has been conducted over the decades from the 1930s to the 1980s to investigate electron transfer levels in various studies. The investigation of the absorptive properties of solutions provides significant information about changes in their internal environment, reactions, and molecular interactions. In this study, with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of T-Consciousness Fields on water molecules and examining the potential changes in the physical properties of water, we have focused on the changes in light absorption in the ultraviolet-visible range by water molecules in the presence of T-Consciousness Fields 1, 2, and 3. Additionally, alongside observing the effects of T-Consciousness Fields on the absorptive properties of pure water, the absorptive properties of normal saline are investigated to provide a valuable basis for comparison. In this study, absorptive properties of normal saline are also examined using UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. Changes in absorption between the control and samples subjected to T-Consciousness Fields 1, 2, and 3 are obtained compared to the standard deviations of changes caused by the control for each wavelength. According to the results obtained for pure water, T-Consciousness Field 1 has led to significant changes in the visible region, exceeding the standard deviation. In the case of normal saline samples, the absorption resulting from the samples in the visible region in the case of T-Consciousness Field 1 shows a decreasing trend, and in the case of T-Consciousness Field 2, it exhibits an increasing trend. Furthermore, the changes in absorption in the sample treated with T-Consciousness Field 3 fall within the range of the average standard deviation of absorption values for the sample and control. A detailed analysis of absorption regions and a comparison of the effectiveness of the three applied T-Consciousness Fields on pure water and normal saline are in the authors' agenda.
CONSEQUENCES OF THE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN CONFLICT AND ITS IMPACT ON ENSURING THE MACROECONOMIC STABILITY OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA / ՌՈՒՍ-ՈՒԿՐԱԻՆԱԿԱՆ ՀԱԿԱՄԱՐՏՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՀԵՏԵՎԱՆՔՆԵՐԸ ԵՎ ԴՐԱ ԱԶԴԵՑՈՒԹՅՈՒՆԸ ՀՀ ՄԱԿՐՈՏՆՏԵՍԱԿԱՆ ԿԱՅՈՒՆՈՒԹՅԱՆ ԱՊԱՀՈՎՄԱՆ ՎՐԱ
Authors: Janjoyan Armenuhi
Published: February 2024

The Russian-Ukrainian conflict has a significant negative impact on the global economy: slowing economic activity, inflation, emigration. Therefore, ensuring macroeconomic stability in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict becomes relevant, especially in the case of the Armenian economy. Despite the fact that due to the negative impact of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict and sanctions against Russia, there was a slight slowdown in economic activity in the Armenian economy, nevertheless, as a result of the influx of people to Armenia, a significant increase in tourism and a new flow of information technology companies, economic activity increased.
Attaching importance to ensuring the macroeconomic stability of the Republic of Armenia in the current difficult geopolitical conditions, the main macroeconomic indicators were analyzed, which served as the basis for assessing the current state of the economy of the Republic of Armenia and presenting the main directions of economic policy implementation.
A Proposed Vision About the Requirements for Transforming Najran University into A Green University
Authors: Mohammad Mohammad Maher Al-Hammar , Ibrahim Mahmoud Mostafa Mohammad , Ahmed Hani Ahmed Ismail
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study was to formulate a suggested plan for converting Najran University into a green university. Four scholarly articles that lay the foundation for creating a suggested plan for converting Najran University into a green university were published before this study. The first dealt with Requirements for Najran University to transform into a green university in light of the experiences of some Arab and international universities, The second study dealt with Faculty members’ opinions on the requirements for Najran University to become a green university, The third study dealt with: Students’ opinions about the requirements for Najran University to become a green university, The fourth study dealt with, Employees’ opinions about the requirements for Najran University to become a green university, The last phase involves using the findings of these studies to develop a suggested plan for Najran University's transformation, taking into account the views of staff, students, and professors as well as the experiences of a few other international, Saudi, and Arab universities.
Employees’ Opinions About the Requirements for Najran University to Become a Green University
Authors: Mohammad Mohammad Maher Al-Hammar , Ibrahim Mahmoud Mostafa Mohammad , Ahmed Hani Ahmed Ismail
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study was to find out what the staff at Najran University thought about the needs for making the university greener. The study employed a descriptive technique in order to accomplish its purpose. Additionally, a questionnaire was created and given to 92 workers, both male and female. The investigation produced a number of findings, the most significant of which are: The study's findings revealed reactions to The study sample of staff members received a score of (2.80) (Neutral) on the conditions for making Najran University a green university. On every axis of the questionnaire, employee responses varied statistically significantly based on the gender variable (males and females). On every axis of the questionnaire, with the exception of the first and third axes, there are statistically significant differences between the replies provided by employees based on their experience level (5–10/more than 10 years).
PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING DAN METODE DISKUSI KELOMPOK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN AKTIFITAS DAN HASIL BELAJAR PPKN DI KELAS VII 3 MTsN 1 PAYAKUMBUH
Authors: Afni Wira Yulia  , Yenti Murni  , Shaif Abdul Hadi
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The background of this research is to see and analyze the improvement in student learning outcomes in PPKN subjects, the subject of forms of cooperation in various areas of life in society through a scientific approach, discovery learning model, group discussion method in Class VII.3 MTsN 1 Payakumbuh. This research uses the Classroom Action Research method which consists of two cycles, where each cycle consists of; planning, action, observation and reflection. Data is processed in each cycle and then analyzed using percentages. The results of research using a scientific approach, the Discovery Learning model, the group discussion method, can improve students' activities and learning outcomes. This is evident from the increase in student learning activities in the pre-cycle which was 36%, in the first cycle 55% and in the second cycle 83%. For pre-cycle teacher activities it was 55%, for cycle I 75% and increased in cycle II to 91%. for learning completeness, knowledge increased from pre-cycle 72.82=41%, cycle I 76.15=72%, and cycle II 85.89=82%. For skill learning completeness, namely pre-cycle 70.77=44%, cycle I 71.54=54%, and cycle II 80.64=85%. Conclusion: By using the scientific approach to the Discovery Learning model, the group discussion method can improve student learning outcomes.
Modeling the structural relationship between personality dimensions and attachment styles with communication skills and marital conflicts with the mediation of primary maladaptive schemas in couples facing divorce
Authors: Rahiman Ruhollah , Qamari Mohammad , Babakhani Vahideh , Jafari Alireza
Published: February 2024

Aim: The aim of this research was to develop a model exploring the structural relationship between personality dimensions and attachment styles, communication skills, and marital conflicts, mediated by early maladaptive schemas in couples facing divorce. Method: This was a descriptive-correlational study. The population included all couples facing divorce who visited counseling centers in Takestan city during the second half of 2020 and 2021. A convenience sampling method was used, and the sample size was determined as 373 individuals based on Sample Power software. The research instruments included the Big Five Personality Traits Questionnaire, Communication Skills (Queendom, 2004), Marital Conflicts (Jones, 1997), Young’s Early Maladaptive Schemas (2007), and Hazan and Shaver’s Attachment Styles (1987). Data analysis was performed using SPSS and Amos software. Results: The results showed that personality dimensions do not significantly relate to marital conflicts among couples facing divorce (p<0.05). Similarly, attachment styles do not significantly relate to marital conflicts (p<0.05). However, early maladaptive schemas played a mediating role in the relationship between personality dimensions and marital conflicts, with a significant t-value (17.97) and significance level (p<0.05). Additionally, early maladaptive schemas had a mediating role in the relationship between personality dimensions and communication skills, indicated by a significant t-value (17.93) and significance level (p<0.05). Furthermore, early maladaptive schemas mediated the relationship between attachment styles and marital conflicts, with a t-value (12.87) and significance level (p<0.05). Conclusion: Considering that early maladaptive schemas can play a mediating role in the relationships of couples facing divorce, they are a significant factor in shaping personality, attachment styles, and marital conflicts.
Sociological explanation of factors affecting family violence with the grounded theory approach
Authors: Hooshmand Mehrdad , Roshanaei Ali , Motlagh Masoumeh
Published: February 2024

Aim: The purpose of this research was to explain the sociological factors affecting family violence with a grounded theory approach. Methods: The current research method has studied the factors and consequences of violence against women in the family with a qualitative approach and using grounded theory. In order to collect information and select the participants, the purposeful sampling method was used and with the progress of the study, the sampling of desirable cases was done until reaching the theoretical saturation with 21 women who have been subjected to violence who have referred to the social emergency center of Nahavand city, a semi-structured interview. The finding was carried out. After analyzing and reviewing the content of the interviews, 202 primary concepts were open-coded and 20 major categories and finally one central or core category were extracted in the axial coding. Results: The results of this research show that factors such as husband's addiction, personality problems and disorders, forced and early marriage, patriarchal attitude in the family, lack of family support, lack of socialization and social education, and unfavorable economic conditions are among the major and effective factors in increasing and the occurrence of violence against women in the family are considerable. Conclusion: According to the results and findings obtained from this qualitative research, holding workshops, life skills sessions and pre-marital counseling to increase the awareness and recognition of couples and dealing with each other, especially early in life, in order to deal with and reduce the phenomenon of violence. It is suggested against women.
Presenting a structural model for predicting mental disturbance based on time perspective with the mediation of psychological coherence and cognitive flexibility in male and female students
Authors: Norouzi Sara , Bashardoust Simin , Mojtabaie Mina
Published: February 2024

Background and Aim: The aim of this study was to provide a structural model for predicting mental disorders based on time perspective mediated by feelings of psychological cohesion and cognitive flexibility. Methods: The method of the present study was descriptive and the correlational research design was structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this study consisted of all undergraduate students of Islamic Azad University of Tehran who were studying in the academic year 2020-21, from them 387 people were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. Data were collected using the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Lovibond and Lovibond (1995) Questionnaire ٫Time perspective Zimbardo & Boyed (1999) Questionnaire٫ the Feelings of Mental Cohesion Flensburg (2006) Questionnaire, and the Dennis and Vanderwall Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire (2010). Research data were analyzed using SEM structural equations using Amos software. Results: The results showed٫ among all components of time perspective٫ past negative٫ present fatalistic and feelings of psychological cohesion with positive mental disorders٫ and components future٫ present hedonistic and past positive of time perspective and cognitive flexibility with negative mental disorders٫ is significant (P<0.01). Also feeling of psychological cohesion and cognitive flexibility significantly mediates the effect of time perspective on mental disorder (P<0.01). Time perspective٫ sense of psychological cohesion, and cognitive flexibility account for a total of 65% of the variance in psychological distress. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the structural model of predicting mental disturbance based on time perspective with the mediation of psychological coherence and cognitive flexibility of male and female students is appropriate.
Evaluation of resilience components of the identity of recovered addicts in resocialization: a case study of clients in addiction rehabilitation centers in districts 4, 6 and 22 of Tehran)
Authors: Khajavi Somayeh , Adhami Abdolreza , Navabakhsh Mehrdad
Published: February 2024

Background and Aim: Drug addiction is one of the most important problems of the present era, which has gained a global scope, has gone beyond the boundaries of health and treatment, and has turned into a social and family problem. Addiction, in most cases, causes a person to be isolated from society. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the resilience components of the identity of recovered addicts in resocialization: the case study of referrals in addiction recovery centers in districts 4, 6 and 22 of Tehran). Methods: The current research was a descriptive survey research in terms of its practical purpose and in terms of the method of data collection. The method of conducting this study (post-event) as well as this study was in the scope of quantitative research. In the present study, the population included all people who recovered from addiction in rehabilitation centers in Tehran's 4th, 6th, and 22nd districts. The method of selecting samples randomly was simple. Among the 2580 people who referred to these centers, 388 people were selected randomly and with a probability proportional to the volume of the center's clients. For this, a list of centers and the number of its clients was prepared, and 11 centers were systematically selected. This study was carried out in accordance with ethical considerations. The data collection tools were demographic characteristics, resilience scale, and a researcher-made questionnaire on the factors affecting addiction recovery. Data analysis was done by SPSS 24.0 statistical software. Results: The results showed a significant difference between the average scores of identity resilience of those who recovered from addiction in the post-test with resocialization (P<0.01) so the level of socialization had increased. Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it can be claimed that environmental protective factors, environmental risk factors, and exchange-environmental processes are effective in resiliency against abuse and prevention of re-addiction.
The mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between emotional creativity and wisdom in middle managers
Authors: Salek Moghadam Somaye , Baghdasarians Anita , Golshani Fatemeh
Published: February 2024

Background and Aim: This study was conducted with the aim The mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between emotional creativity and wisdom in middle managers. Methods: The cross-sectional research method is correlational and in order to respond to the research hypotheses, structural equation modeling analysis was used. The statistical population of this research was made up of all the middle level managers of private banks and Mahan Airlines in Tehran in first half 2021, from among them, 300 people were selected by staged cluster sampling method. In this research, the tools of wisdom (Ardelt, 2003), emotional creativity (Avril, 1999), and self-esteem (Rosenberg, 1965) were used, all of which are valid and had acceptable reliability. In order to analyze the data, SPSS-V19 and Lisrel-V8.8 software were used. Results: The findings of the research showed that the model has a good fit. The results showed that emotional creativity had a significant direct effect on wisdom. In connection with the existence of an indirect effect of emotional creativity on the wisdom of middle managers through self-esteem, it is confirmed with 95% confidence. Conclusion: Therefore, paying attention to the mentioned variables helps senior managers and researchers in choosing managers and designing more suitable for cultivating wisdom.
Comparing the effectiveness of parent-child interaction training, attachment-based therapy and Self-regulation skill training on children's emotion control
Authors: Shaukatpour Lotfi Shahla , Moghtader Leila , Akbari Bahman
Published: February 2024

Background and Aim: The purpose of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of parent-child interaction training, attachment-based therapy, and Self-regulation skill training on emotional control of preschool children. Methods: This research was carried out in the form of a semi-experimental design on 48 preschool students of Islam Shahr city with available sampling method and these people were randomly replaced in three experimental groups (n=36) and a control group (n=12). Then, the experimental groups underwent parent-child interaction training, attachment-based therapy, and Self-regulation skill training, and the control group did not receive any training. The data collection tool was the child's emotion management questionnaire (Ziman et al., 2001), which was administered before and after the training. Descriptive tables and statistical methods of one-way analysis of variance with differential scores, multivariate covariance analysis and Bonferroni adjustment test were used to describe and analyze the collected data. Results: The results show that, in the comparison between the effectiveness of each of the experimental groups on reducing the differential score of emotional control of preschool children, the results of the effect size showed, respectively, the parent-child interaction training groups (ƞ2=0.681), the treatment based on Attachment (0.630=2ƞ) and Self-regulation skill (ƞ2=0.408) had the highest impact on reducing differential scores of emotional control of preschool children. Conclusion: Therefore, paying attention to the mentioned variables helps senior managers and researchers in choosing managers and designing more suitable for cultivating wisdom.
Standardization of Persian version of persistence questionnaire: Validity and reliability assessment
Authors: Mirsadeghi Seyed Ali Soheil , Borjali Ahmad , Sadeghi Meysam
Published: February 2024

Background and Aim: Perseverance is related to many personality, behavioral and educational variables, and hence the need for a questionnaire in Persian language to measure perseverance is felt. This research was conducted with the aim of standardizing and examining the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Persistence Questionnaire. Methods: The current research is practical in terms of purpose. In terms of the type of survey data collection and in terms of methodology, it is considered as a test-making study, which has been carried out in the general format of a descriptive research project. The statistical population in this research included all managers and employees of non-governmental organizations in Tehran in 2022. The research sample included 865 managers and employees who were selected by cluster method. The data was collected using Duckworth (2008) perseverance questionnaire. In this research, correlation methods, goodness of fit study, factor analysis and reliability analysis (Cronbach's alpha method) were used. Data were analyzed using LISREL 8.80 and SPSS.22 software. Results: Based on the data analysis, the current research identified 2 factors (interest and effort) that explain 60.92% of the persistence variable. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the fit indices of the model are in a favorable condition. In addition, Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the subscales was calculated between 0.74 and 0.82. Conclusion: According to the appropriate statistical analyzes and the results, it seems that the Persian version of the persistence questionnaire (Grit-S) has good validity and reliability and can be considered an efficient tool in this field.
The role of quality of life components with the mediation of psychological capital in reducing PTSD among earthquake victims in Kermanshah
Authors: Mozaffari Shohreh , Delavar Ali , Dortaj Fariborz
Published: February 2024

Background and Aim: Natural and human traumatic events have always had destructive physical, economic, social and of course psychological effects. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of quality of life components with the mediation of psychological capital in reducing post-traumatic stress disorder among earthquake victims in Kermanshah. Methods: The research method was descriptive and structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the research included all earthquake victims of the recent Kermanshah earthquake. The number of sample people was 386 people who were affected by the earthquake, who were selected according to the criteria of entering and exiting the research and being available. The research tools included Mississippi PTSD Citizenship Scale (1988), World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (1996) and McGee Psychological Capital Questionnaire (2011). The collected data were analyzed by structural equation modeling method and using AMOS software. Results: The results of data analysis showed that the prediction model of spiritual health based on resilience, mindfulness and personal values, taking into account the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation based on experimental data, has a favorable fit. Also, the direct and indirect effects of personal values, resilience and mindfulness on spiritual health were confirmed (p<0.05). Also, the cognitive regulation of emotion directly affects the spiritual health of artists (p<0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that the quality of life components were effective in reducing post-traumatic stress disorder among the earthquake victims of Kermanshah through the mediation of psychological capital.
Explaining the structural model of desire for treatment based on addiction memory, the desire to use with the mediation of self-control in people seeking to quit
Authors: Monfared Negar , Jadidi Mohsen , Golestani Pour Morteza
Published: February 2024

Background and Aim: Addiction means acquiring a habit and getting used to it, and it happens in such a way that quitting and giving up causes disruption in the overall functioning of the person, which is accompanied by physical, mental and behavioral discomfort. The present study was conducted with the aim of explaining the model of desire for addiction treatment based on the memory of addiction and the desire to use with the mediation of self-control in substance dependent people seeking to quit. Methods: The current research method was a correlational and predictive description. The statistical population of this study included substance dependent people who referred to addiction treatment clinics in Babol city in a period of four months. 209 participants were selected as a sample using a purposive sampling method and answered the questions of Chen et al.'s addiction memory intensity scale (2018), Tangney et al.'s (2004) self-control scale, stages of readiness for change and enthusiasm for change. Miller and Tonigan (1997) Addiction Treatment and Somoza et al. (1995) substance abuse scale responded. Data analysis was done using structural equation modeling method and LISREL software. Results: The results showed that the memory of addiction has a direct role in the desire for treatment (p<0.01, β=0.31); Addiction memory has a direct role in self-control (p<0.01, β=0.59); The desire to use has a direct role in the desire for treatment (p<0.01, β=0.39); Desire to use has a direct role in self-control (p<0.01, β=0.73); Self-control has a direct role in desire for treatment (p<0.01, β=0.79); Addiction memory plays an indirect role in desire for treatment with self-control mediation (p<0.01, β=0.47) and the desire to use has an indirect role in desire for treatment with self-control mediation (p<0.01, β=0.58). Conclusion: It can be concluded that the model of desire for addiction treatment based on the memory of addiction and the desire to use with the mediation of self-control is suitable for drug addicts seeking to quit.
Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy in the Relationship between Psychological Capital and Innovative Job Performance of Teachers
Authors: Karimi Mahsa , Gholtash Abbas , Aghili Seyed Ramezan
Published: February 2024

Background and Aim: Education, as one of the most important and broadest social organizations, plays a very important role in the process of socialization and socialization of the society. Therefore, the current research was conducted to determine the mediating role of self-efficacy in the relationship between psychological capital and innovative job performance of primary school teachers in Karaj. Methods: This research is practical in terms of purpose; In terms of the type of data, little; In terms of the nature of the research, it was descriptive-correlational. The socio-statistics of the research were all primary school teachers in Karaj city. 242 people were selected based on the calculation of the sample size in structural equations and the stepwise cluster random sampling method. Data collection tools were the researcher-made questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out in descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, etc.) and inferential (Pearson correlation and structural equation modeling) through Spss-V23 and LISREL-V8.8 software. Results: It showed that there is a relationship between psychological capital (0.63) and self-efficacy (0.57) on innovative job performance; Also, self-efficacy plays a mediating role in the relationship between psychological capital and self-efficacy (0.74). Conclusion: It can be concluded that self-efficacy plays a mediating role in the relationship between psychological capital and innovative job performance of teachers.
The effectiveness of mindfulness therapy on rumination and distress tolerance in adolescent girls with high body mass index
Authors: Tajzad Ghehi Ashrafsadat , Moradi Hojatollah , Bigdeli Hossein
Published: February 2024

Background and Aim: Overweight is a public health problem in developed and developing societies and has many psychological consequences, so this study was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of mindfulness therapy on rumination and distress tolerance in teenage girls with high body mass index. Methods: It was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test and two-month follow-up period with a control group. The statistical population included all overweight female teenagers in the second secondary school in two public schools in the 10th district of Tehran city in 2020-21, from which 30 people were selected by voluntary sampling and assigned in two groups of 15 people by simple random method. Became Data collection was done in addition to the demographic information checklist-researcher-made form with rumination questionnaire and distress tolerance questionnaire. 8 weekly sessions (2 sessions per week and each session for 1 hour) were performed for the subjects of the mindfulness therapy group, but the control group did not receive this intervention. The data were analyzed with the help of descriptive statistics methods; tests related to compliance with statistical assumptions and repeated measurement variance with SPSS version 26 statistical software. Results: The obtained results showed that rumination and its dimensions were significantly reduced in the experimental group compared to the control group in the post-test phase and this effect was stable in the follow-up phase as well (p<0.05). Conclusion: Also, the results showed that there was a significant difference between the average distress tolerance score and its dimensions in the two groups in the post-test and follow-up phases (p<0.05).
Comparing the effectiveness of transactional analysis (TA) and imaginary exposure and response prevention (ERP) training courses on reducing students' academic anxiety
Authors: Shayesteh Kia Mohammad , Hashemian Kianoosh , Abolmaali Khadijeh
Published: February 2024

Background and Aim: One of the factors that exist as a challenge in school and that students face is anxiety. The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of two methods of teaching interaction analysis (TA), imaginary exposure and response prevention (ERP) on reducing students' academic anxiety. Methods: The research method was semi-experimental in the form of a pre-test-post-test design and a two-month follow-up with three experimental groups and one control group. The research community was made up of high school students in Tehran. The research sample was 45 students who were diagnosed with academic anxiety after answering the Phillips (1978) academic anxiety questionnaire. Students were randomly replaced in two experimental groups and a control group of 15 people. Each of the experimental groups was exposed to one of the methods of imaginary exposure and response prevention (in five 90-minute sessions) and mutual behavior analysis (in ten 90-minute sessions). Results: The results of data analysis using multivariate covariance analysis showed that according to the adjusted averages of the academic anxiety variable in the three studied groups and the results of the LSD follow-up test, both methods of imaginary exposure and prevention from the response and interaction analysis, it has been effective in reducing students' academic anxiety (F=6.33, P<0.001). Conclusion: It can be concluded that the method of imaginary exposure and response prevention has a greater effect in reducing academic anxiety compared to the interaction analysis method.
The effectiveness of emotion regulation training on strengthening adolescent identity base and family relationships in adolescent girls
Authors: Paki Fatemeh , Yousefi Zahra , Golparvar Mohsen
Published: February 2024

Background and Aim: Adolescence is a period of profound changes that separates a child from an adult, and considerable changes take place in the concept of self. The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of group therapy based on emotion regulation training on strengthening adolescent identity base and increasing family relationships on adolescent girls in Isfahan city. Methods: The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a three-month follow-up with the experimental and control groups. The statistical population of all girls aged 15 to 18, studying in secondary schools, about 40 people were selected by available sampling method and were randomly divided into two groups of 20 people, experimental and control. The research tools included the identity questionnaire of Benyon and Adams (1986) and family relationships (Ritchie & Fitzpatrick, 1990), which were completed in three stages: pre-test, post-test and follow-up by both groups. Barlow's Emotion Regulation Training Program (Allen, McHugh & Barlow, 2009). It was conducted in 12 weekly sessions of 90 minutes for the experimental group. The data were analyzed with the help of descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (variance analysis with repeated measures). Results: The results of the research showed that there is a significant difference between the average scores of the dimensions of identity behaviors (postponed identity, confused identity, early formed identity and advanced identity) and family relationships (dialogue orientation and conformity orientation) in the two stages of pre-test and post-test. Conclusion: The results showed that education based on emotion regulation had a significant and positive effect on increasing the score of the identity database and family relationships. The follow-up phase also remained stable.
The Effectiveness of Compassion Focused Training on Life Expectancy, Health Promoting Lifestyle and Health Hardiness in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Kahaki Fatemeh , Bakhshani Nourmohammad , Fardin Mohammadali
Published: February 2024

Background and Aim: The aim of this research was determine the effectiveness of compassion focused training on life expectancy, health promoting lifestyle and health hardiness in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: This study was semi-experimental with pretest and posttest design with a control group. The research population was type 2 diabetes patients had files in Diabetes Association of Zahedan city in the spring of 2021 year. After reviewing the inclusion criteria, number of 30 people were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly replaced into two equal groups. The experimental group was trained 8 sessions of 70 minutes with the compassion focused training method and the control group was placed on a waiting list for training. The research instruments were the life expectancy questionnaire (Snyder et al., 1991), health promoting lifestyles profile II (Walker et al., 1995) and revised health hardiness inventory (Gebhardt et al., 2001). Data were analyzed by tests of chi-square and multivariate analysis of covariance in SPSS-19 software. Results: The findings showed that the experimental and control groups did not significantly different in terms of gender, age, education and marital status (P>0.05). Also, the compassion focused training method led to increase the life expectancy (F=403.86, P<0.001), health promoting lifestyle (F=93.90, P<0.001) and health hardiness (F=89.20, P<0.001) in patients with type 2 diabetes (P<0.001). Conclusion: The results indicated the effectiveness of compassion focused training on life expectancy, health promoting lifestyle and health hardiness in patients with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, for improving the psychological traits can be used from compassion focused training along with other training methods.
The effectiveness of short-term intensive psychodynamic therapy on emotional self-awareness, empathy and self-compassion in psychotherapy trainees
Authors: Aminifar Salma , Bahrami Hidaji Maryam , Kraskian Mujembari Adis , Mansoobifar Mohsen , Peyvandi Parisa
Published: February 2024

Background and Aim: Paying attention to the mental state of psychotherapy trainees plays an essential role in preparing students to enter the field of therapy. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of short-term intensive psychodynamic therapy on emotional self-awareness, empathy and self-compassion in psychotherapy trainees. Methods: It was a semi-experimental research with a pre-test-post-test design with two experimental and control groups and a two-month follow-up. The statistical population of the research consisted of all the psychotherapist trainees in Tehran in 2021, who were selected by the available sampling method, 30 people and randomly replaced in two groups of 15 people. Data collection was done with emotional self-awareness questionnaire (Rifi et al., 2008), empathy questionnaire (Mehrabian and Epstein, 1972) and self-compassion questionnaire (Neff, 2003). For each of the experimental groups, an intervention program was held in the form of weekly meetings. In addition to descriptive statistics, data analysis was performed with mixed analysis of variance and Bonferroni's post hoc test. Results: The results showed that in the post-test period, between the mean scores of emotional self-awareness (p<0.01), empathy (p<0.01) and self-compassion (p<0.01) of the experimental group in the intervention sessions compared to the control group. Statistically, the difference is significant. The effectiveness of short-term intensive psychodynamic therapy was stable over time in the subjects of the experimental groups. Conclusion: Based on the results of the research, conducting psychological interventions for the preparation of psychotherapy trainees is very important and can be a basis for raising awareness and correctly applying these interventions in psychotherapy trainees.
Prediction of attitude towards marriage based on emotional intelligence in female students
Authors: Sarabizadeh Maryam , Sedaghati Fard Mojtaba
Published: February 2024

Background and Aim: Today, one of the problems of young people is the lack of self-knowledge, which naturally leads to the lack of knowledge of the criteria and attitude towards marriage. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the prediction of attitude towards marriage based on emotional intelligence in female students. Methods: This is descriptive correlational research. The statistical population of this research includes unmarried female students of Islamic Azad University, Garmsar branch in the academic year 2022-23, 200 people were selected as the research sample using random cluster sampling. To collect the data, Bratin and Rosen's (1998) marriage attitude questionnaire and Austin et al.'s revised emotional intelligence scale (2004) were used. Data analysis was done using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. Results: The research results showed that there is a significant relationship between attitude towards marriage and emotional intelligence (p=0.01) and emotional intelligence can predict students' attitude towards marriage. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that emotional intelligence can play a role as an effective factor in predicting students' attitude towards marriage.