bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Historical experience and modern realities in the life of scientific youth of the Novosibirsk scientific center
Authors: Shelegina O. N. , Kupershtokh N. A.
Published: October 2024

The article raises the actual problems of the implementation of youth policy in Russia. Attention is focused on the analysis of the historical experience and modern life of the scientific youth of the Novosibirsk Scientific Center (NSC). The methodological basis of the study is the concept of the intercivilizational era, the methods of anthropology of scientific life. The source base of the study is a representative historiographic resource on the history of the Novosibirsk Scientific Center and information contained in Internet publications, periodicals, as well as obtained through the included observation of authors in Akademgorodok. It is shown that during the period of the organization of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), the NSC phenomenon consisted in the predominance of young people in the society. A unique multi-stage system of personnel training was created from participation in Olympiads to doctoral studies. Currently, it is being improved: the emergence of new faculties, the expansion of specializations, areas of employment of graduates. Scientific schools of academicians G.K. Boreskov, A.A. Trofimuk, their followers, well-known scientists of the SB RAS became the basis for the professional growth of scientific youth. Since 1961, the Council of Young Scientists has been an effective organizational form for solving the scientific and social problems of young people. Modern directions of its work: conducting scientific schools, expert activities, development of bills in the field of “youth - science - innovation”; draft laws in the sphere of “youth - science - innovation”; popularization of science, implementation of social initiatives. In conclusion, promising areas of research of Russian scientific youth are presented.
Ethno-demographic characteristics of the population of Chukotka
Authors: Kolomiets O. P.
Published: October 2024

The article presents an ethno-demographic characteristic of the population of Chukotka from the 18th century to the present. Until now. The source base of the study is statistical materials, published documents concerning the number and characteristics of settlement, the way of life of the indigenous people of Chukotka, scientific literature on the problems of ethnic demography. The paper presents a comparative analysis of the results of surveys and censuses of the population of Chukotka for 1897, 1926/27, 1939, 1959, 1970, 1979, 1989, 2002, 2010 (and partly 2020) The main components of the change in the population and the national composition of the region (natural, general, migration population growth) in the Soviet and post-Soviet periods are characterized. According to the data of the 2002 and 2010 censuses, the number of Chukchi, Koryaks, and Yukagirs increased during the intercensal period; the number of Eskimos, Evens, Chuvans and Kereks decreased. The ambiguous demographic picture among indigenous peoples is connected, on the one hand, with the real processes of depopulation in some of them, and, on the other hand, with the qualitative side of the census. The main reasons for the decline in the number of indigenous people of Chukotka: problems with natural growth against the background of high birth and death rates. The decline in the birth rate is associated with a change in traditional attitudes towards having many children, a decrease in marriage rates and an increase in the proportion of single-parent families. Although the Chukchi, Eskimos, Evens and Yukagirs are classified by demographers as a group with an increased birth rate. The demographic situation is also influenced by the increase in the number of mixed marriages. It should be noted that despite the decline in the birth rate among the indigenous inhabitants of Chukotka, its rates are still higher than among the visiting population of the region. The increase in mortality rates in Chukotka is due to a change in the age structure of the inhabitants, since in the 1990s a significant part of the able-bodied population left the district, the growth in the share of indigenous people in the structure of total mortality increased. The life expectancy of indigenous peoples is significantly lower than the national and regional indicators. The current ethno-demographic situation in Chukotka will become clear after the publication of the results of the 2020 All-Russian Population Census. It can be stated with confidence that there is a significant decrease in the number of permanent residents of the region, and the number of indigenous people in the total population of the ChAO continues to increase.
The coronavirus pandemic and the population census: is the number growing indigenous peoples of the Altai Republic?
Authors: Tyukhteneva S. P.
Published: October 2024

The new socio-economic circumstances that developed in the difficult period of spring-summer 2020 - spring 2022, in my opinion, had an unobvious, but very significant impact on the ethno-demographic processes among the indigenous population of the Altai Republic. The purpose of this article is to substantiate the author's assumption regarding the growth in the number of indigenous peoples of the Altai Republic according to the 2021 All-Russian Population Census. It is expected that the total population of the region will increase, as positive dynamics have been observed here for several years. The number of people identifying themselves as Kumandins, Telengits, Tubalars and Chelkans will also increase. However, it should be noted that the growth in the number of these peoples is not associated only with natural growth or migration from other regions of Russia. The article discusses a complex, multifactorial situation that may affect the results of the 2020 All-Russian Population Census, which actually took place in the Altai Republic from June 1 to June 30, 2021 in hard-to-reach villages and from October 15 to November 14, 2021 in all other settlements. Of the many factors affecting a person's choice of their ethnic and cultural affiliation, only two have been considered - these are restrictive measures during the coronavirus pandemic and the census postponed because of it. The paper presents the results of participant observation during the population census in the city of Gorno-Altaisk. In summary, it should be noted that the predicted growth in the number of autochthonous peoples in the Altai Republic based on the results of the 2020 (2021) All-Russian Population Census is based on many factors. The most significant factor is the change in the ethnic identity of people who apply to the courts to confirm their belonging to the indigenous peoples of the Russian Federation. Such a decision of most of the newly determined is caused by a vital necessity - to obtain a legal right to social pensions, in the absence of other ways to earn a living. A small overall increase in the number of indigenous peoples can also be ensured by the natural increase in the population of the region.
Use of phalanxes of bulls by the population of Northern Kulunda in the Eneolithic (based on materials from the settlement Novoilinka-VI)
Authors: Kiryushin K. Yu. , Kosintsev P. A. , Makarewicz Ch. , Tolpeko I. V.
Published: October 2024

The settlement of Novoilinka-VI is located in the Khabar district of the Altai Territory, 8 km west of the village of Novoilinka. In the materials of the first cultural horizon of the monument, an expressive series of bone tools was found. For this horizon, six radiocarbon dates were obtained from animal bones. Four of them were performed by liquid scintillation method (LSC) SOAN-9042 4290±95 l.n., SOAN-9043 4320±100 l.n., IGAN-5312 4210±80 l.n., IGAN-5311 4190±90 l.n. and three using the method of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 4485±20 l.n., 4505±20 l.n., 4485±20 l.n. Osteological collections of the first horizon of the settlement Novoilinka-VI were processed in the field by L.L. Gaiduchenko. In the course of this, samples were selected for permanent storage and further study in the laboratory of Altai State University. Forty-five second phalanges of bulls are represented in the collection. Of these, twenty have traces of processing and/or use of varying degrees of intensity. On some objects, external influence has greatly changed the natural bone surface, on others only barely noticeable traces are recorded in certain areas. The working versions of both non-utilitarian actions with phalanges (their participation in games, cult activities) and the use of some artifacts as ceramic smoothing tool, abrasive tool, a product for weight. Analogies to the materials under consideration are numerous and can be traced across the vast expanses of Northern Eurasia from the Eneolithic era to the ethnographic time. However, the second phalanges from the collection of the first cultural horizon of the settlement of Novoilinka-VI have their own specifics. This distinguishes them both among the materials of synchronous monuments (Botai settlement) and later ones. The materials obtained and the results of studying the presented collection of the second phalanges expand our understanding of the material and spiritual culture of the Eneolithic population of Northern Kulunda.
Organization of passenger transportation service on River transport in Western Siberia in the late 19th - early 20th centuries
Authors: Krott I. I. , Lyubimov A. A.
Published: October 2024

The focus of this study is on the organization of passenger transportation services on river transport in Western Siberia in the conditions of transformation of socio-spatial structures as a result of infrastructural modernization of the region in the late 19th - early 20th centuries. The main directions of development of service activities of steamship companies in Western Siberia are determined, the role of competition between them is revealed, key changes in the socio-cultural space in the Siberian local community are shown. It is concluded that the quality and culture of passenger transportation service were the object of special attention of the West Siberian shipping companies. The research is based on a combination of macroanalytical strategies and a microhistoric approach. The methodological basis of the work is the conclusions about the “frontier model” of modernization of Siberia, the peculiarity of which is the implementation of modernization changes in the conditions of ongoing development of territories.
The Institute of elections of local government bodies in the works of domestic researchers of the 19th - beginning of the 20th century
Authors: Bykov A. V.
Published: October 2024

The article presents a summary of the analysis of the most significant works of famous domestic scientists of the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries, revealing views on the essence and significance of elections as an element of the activity of local government (self-government) in Russia in the period of the 16th-17th centuries. The main features that characterize the electivity in the study period are revealed. Russian scientists of the second half of the XIX - early XX centuries. did not single out the election procedure itself and related issues as a special area of scientific interest. In their writings, they only indirectly affect them in the context of local elected administration, self-government. However, their research makes it possible to reveal the essence of the elective order of bodies, officials of local government (self-government), the features of electivity. For example, the very mention of elections is often perceived as a sign of self-government and democracy. However, as the analysis of scientific works shows, most researchers absolutely do not consider the existence of the institution of local election of officials as a manifestation of self-government in relation to the 16th-17th centuries. The elective local government itself is presented by the majority of scientists primarily as a duty, a duty of the community in the interests of the state. Accordingly, elections were seen not so much as a right, but as an element of ensuring the obligations of the community to the state. The authors also note the lack of legislative regulation of electoral procedures by the state, the preservation of the traditional procedure for conducting elections. Of particular importance is the fact that the research was carried out on the basis of an analysis of a wide range of primary sources, including those first introduced into scientific circulation. The study of the works of researchers of the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries, thus, allows us to form a more complete picture of the essence and state of elective principles in the Russian state in the period of the 16th-17th centuries.
Historiography of the study of the protest moods in the Soviet period
Authors: Titov V.Yu.
Published: October 2024

The scientific substantiation of the topic “the history of domestic protest sentiments” became possible after the publication of the famous resolution in 1988 of the Central Committee of the CPSU “On… measures to restore justice to victims of repression”. This resolution became the key to the study of protest moods in the USSR. The article is devoted to the historiography of this topic. In 1970, protest became a topic related to many aspects of society: protest as a reflection of socio-political trends; protest is a mirror of the nation's economic development. Тhis made it possible to classify protest moods: 1) appeal to the authorities; 2) dissent direct disobedience; 3) resistance to the authorities. Тhe most common forms of expression of the protest mood are: rumors, gossip, jokes, discussions (jokes - a complaint, a letter of petition addressed to a well-known leader and figure, a letter to a newspaper, an appeal to the court). In Soviet science, there was a tradition to explain the role of protests on public opinion by the influence of the views of individual social groups that are active for a given period of time. For example, workers and collective farmers. Therefore, the notes of “political fairy tales” prevailed in the Soviet protest moods
The history of lend-lease and the reasons for its updated in modern international relations
Authors: Vetrenko I. A. , Kovalev A. A.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the consideration of the lend-lease program as a type of foreign aid in the military sphere. This topic has always aroused research interest since the adoption of the program in 1941, both among domestic and foreign researchers. Russia's special operation in Ukraine in 2022 updated Lend-Lease from a new angle. Now the debate of scientists about the significance of Lend-Lease during the Second World War is leveled by a new agenda of scientific research - the revived Lend-Lease to Ukraine during the period of the special operation. And the most complete and reliable study of modern Lend-Lease is possible only if we trace in detail the formation of Lend-Lease during the Second World War. The article uses the existing legislative base for the revived Lend-Lease program, which has been tested by time; the consistency and well-functioning of interstate relations (including block relations) at the present stage of their development is noted. The purpose of the study is to study the essence of the original Lend-Lease program and the reasons for its revival in the 21st century. The following scientific methods were used in the study: retrospective, comparative, predictive, historical. The work used legislative acts, relevant materials on the current situation, scientific works of domestic and foreign researchers on a given topic. In the course of the study, the authors came to the conclusion that the revival of the Lend-Lease program in 2022 is aimed primarily at pursuing long-term political goals that are achieved with the help of military supplies to Ukraine, plunging it into economic dependence, making it a puppet in the foreign policy game of American authorities. The mechanism for implementing the Lend-Lease program, well-established and familiar since the Second World War, helps the current American President in the shortest possible time to achieve the expansion of his powers in matters of military supplies under Lend-Lease-2022.
Socio-Demographic and Psychological Predictors of Migration Attitudes of Young Students in the Siberian Region (on the Example of Schoolchildren in the city of Omsk)
Authors: Potapova Yu.V. , Malenova A.Yu. , Malenov A.A. , Potapov A.K.
Published: October 2024

The aim of the study was to search for the main factors and predictors of the formation of migration attitudes of Siberian schoolchildren living in the city of Omsk. The materials of an empirical study performed on students of secondary educational institutions in Omsk in the amount of 351 people (the majority (66.9 %) are studying in grades 9-10), of which 198 (56.4 %) are girls and 153 (43.6 %) %) boys, mean age 15.37 years. Research methods: testing and questioning, comparative method. Gender, ethnic, family and environmental differences in the formation of migration attitudes were found. Russian boys from complete families demonstrate the greatest desire for settled life, girls, schoolchildren from single-parent families and those who consider themselves to be other nationalities demonstrate high migration attitudes. Statistically significant influence is exerted by dispositional factors: attitude towards the native city, attitudes of relatives about the migration of the respondent, career attitudes (orientation towards the stability of the place of residence reduces the desire for migration, and increases the desire for management and service). A high level of emotional and hedonistic well-being contributes to a decrease in migratory attitudes. Thus, the significance of the influence of socio-cultural factors that act through the formation of certain attitudes regarding the life trajectory as a whole, among which migration attitudes are a concretized embodiment of the individual's plans and a way to achieve broader life goals, is proved. The results can be useful in organizing targeted socio-psychological and educational activities of an educational and preventive nature aimed at preventing the outflow of specific groups of young people from the region, taking into account their socio-demographic and personal characteristics.
Metaphor as a Means of Finding Resources and Ways to Resolve Restrictions in Communication
Authors: Grushko N.V.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the description of the practical case used by the authors, which is a set of specific coaching technologies aimed at overcoming the limitations arising in communication, the paper presents specific examples and technology of the application of art therapy practices in counseling. We rely on the understanding of coaching as a cooperation between the coach and the client in the process of setting and achieving the client's goals. The proposed set of technologies relates to art coaching. Art coaching is coaching combined with art, which acts as a harmonious combination of coaching technologies with techniques and methods presented in art therapy. Art coaching allows you to explore yourself with the help of art objects created in the creative process. The main techniques used were therapeutic metaphor through kinder surprise therapy and isotherapy, namely drawing on tree saws, conversation. Working with metaphor has great potential insolving the tasks of activating personal resources, managing emotions, which is one of the important aspects of the communicative process. The use of metaphor activates the emotional-figurative processes of a person, appeals to his emotional intelligence. It enhances the decision-making process by including an emotional component in it. The main purpose of using art-therapeutic techniques in the development of practice is to identify problem areas that manifest themselves in a communication situation, as well as resources that help overcome emerging difficulties. In addition to the description of the psychological impact technology itself, the authors present descriptions of coaching sessions using the developed advisory scheme. This coaching scheme has a wide range of applications - within the framework of private psychological practice, training and support of the organization's personnel, involving direct interaction with clients, to improve communicative competence, in educational programs.
Adaptive Intelligence as a Means of Reducing Social Dependency
Authors: Lyubimova E.A. , Gut V.V.
Published: October 2024

The article proposes a new subjectively attractive qualitative method of countering and preventing social dependency, based on the theoretical construct “adaptive intelligence”. Social dependency is considered as a negative adaptation to the rapid transformational social processes. It is a consequence of the concept of the welfare state, which currently needs to be revised. The phenomenology is outlined and typical practices of domestic social dependency are highlighted. Social dependency appears as a conscious social behavior, a life attitude, a desire to live at someone else's expense, without achieving socially significant goals. The socio-economic and psychological consequences of social dependency and parasitism are described. In the course of the study, it was possible to identify the meanings with which the state fills the social security system, they develop from dependence to individual social partnership. The low efficiency and limited range of solved tasks of quantitative methods of reduction of social dependency in the long term are substantiated. The relevance of the use of qualitative methods of targeted social assistance and the activation of citizens' independence is shown. A new direction in qualitative methods is proposed - “adaptive intelligence”, focused on the survival of society as a whole. Adaptive intelligence is considered as a mental resource used by a person for successful adaptation and coping with life difficulties. The structure of adaptive intelligence contains three types of intelligence: creative intelligence (characterized by the presence of new, convincing ideas); analytical intelligence (logical validity and consistency of ideas); practical intelligence (implementation of ideas in practice, convincing others of their usefulness, wisdom as the achievement of the common good through these ideas). The article describes the organization of social work on the issue of social dependency, which includes several synergetic approaches: statistical, theoretical, state-legal, socio-economic, value-educational and instrumental-competence.
The Structure and Socio-Psychological Characteristics of the Personal Effectiveness of Managers
Authors: Tropnikova V.A. , Malenova A.Yu.
Published: October 2024

The article considers the socio-psychological features of the personal effectiveness of the leader. The key role of the leader and the increase in the importance of this role in connection with the complication of living conditions are determined, as a result of which the requirements for the personality of the leader change. In this regard, the issues of personal effectiveness acquire both theoretical and practical significance. The theoretical review, compiled on the basis of a study of the works of domestic and foreign researchers, presents structural, theoretical-methodological, classification approaches, and also identifies directions for assessing the effectiveness of managers. The criteria for evaluating personal effectiveness are outlined within the framework of the mechanistic approach, the theory of human relations, the theory of hierarchical systems, competence and resource approaches. From the analysis of scientific literature, it is concluded that there is a difference in determining the personal effectiveness of different categories of employees. In the course of the study, the structure of the manager's personal effectiveness was determined (physiological, personal, socio-psychological, operational and meta levels were identified), its features were identified among managers of different levels of management and management experience, the relationship between the components of the efficiency structure was determined, with the identification of key characteristics that made up basis for the typology of leaders. The typology of managers was developed on the basis of cluster analysis. Four clusters were formed, the representatives of which do not differ in gender composition, management level, management experience and age. In each cluster, distinctive characteristics are defined for the considered and identified components of personal effectiveness. Based on the work done, key areas for improving the personal effectiveness of managers were formed: time management, goal-setting and self-presentation skills, highlighting key business tasks, and increasing the level of awareness of activities.
Studies of Students' Identity in the Process of a Second Language Learning in the Framework of Psychological and Socio-Cultural Schools
Authors: Zhu F.
Published: October 2024

The article examines the traditions of the students' identity analyzing in the process of learning a second language in the psychological and sociocultural schools. The psychological school emphasizes the positive role of learning a second language in the development of cultural identity, recognizes the decisive influence of stable psychological characteristics and social factors on the students' identity and relies on sociocultural approaches in the study of identity. The sociocultural school pays more attention to the influence of the social context and its interaction with students in the process of learning a second language. In the psychological school, the term “self-identity” is often used as a “non-linguistic result” parallel to the “linguistic result” of learning. Learning a second language affects the self-identity of students, demonstrates the positive role of the influence of the appropriate culture, as well as the influence of stable psychological characteristics and social factors on the students' identity. Sociocultural school often uses the term “social identity” and similar terms. At the same time, it is believed that identity is neither the result of the influence of a social situation nor the product of personal internal intentions, but is a multidimensional and changeable process in social, cultural and historical conditions, as well as in situations of interpersonal interaction. The psychological school focuses on the individual psychological characteristics of people learning a second language, and the sociocultural school focuses on the impact of social situations on students and the features of their interaction. The two research schools complement each other, while they have in common attention to the personality as a whole and recognition of the diversity and variability of recorded personal changes.
The Content of the Concept of Existential Self-Sentiment in the Context of Similar Psychological Phenomena
Authors: Sorokin K.G.
Published: October 2024

The article offers a comparative analysis of the concept of existential self-feeling with concepts close to it in meaning that have already entered the lexicon of psychological science. It is correlated with the concepts of the concepts of R. May, L. Binswanger, A. Lengle, R. D. Stolorou, A. Schopegauer, D. A. Leontiev, P. E. Astafiev, A. F. Lazursky, S. L. Frank, N. Kopteva, Holondovich and co-workers, etc. The specifics of the content of the concepts - well-being, sense of being, being-in-the-world, existential fulfillment, resilience, ontological confidence / uncertainty, psychological well-being, general well-being, direct self-being, ontological unconscious and their similarity and difference from the concept of existential self-sentiment are considered. The concept of existential self-sentiment means a person's experience of his existence as the most reliable of the facts of existence. This experience cannot be objectified or measured in its immediate manifestations, but it can be judged by how it is reflected in the qualitative characteristics of self-consciousness: a sense of fullness of being or emptiness; do we feel our serenity or concern; meaningfulness of being or meaninglessness - these and other qualities of self-perception indicate a certain dynamics of existential well-being, on which, in turn, the dynamics of the quality of our life as a whole depends. Existential self-feeling is not a function of the psyche, but it has a decisive functional significance in the entire structure of the mental, like a “background” that determines the properties and characteristics of any “figure” formed on this “background”. Understanding the essence of existential well-being in the order of our existence will provide an appropriate mental resource, both in terms of “vitality”, and in terms of the ability to fully and joyfully live our lives.
Social and Cultural Specifics of Students' Resilience
Authors: Zhang Yu.
Published: October 2024

Resilience is the basis for the formation of an adequate attitude to life during the student period and further actions throughout the life path. Resilience is a systemic individual ability of a person to mature and complex forms of psychological self-regulation. Resilience is traditionally considered in line with the problems of adaptation or semantic regulation of behavior, which is also implemented in modern research. At the same time, in the conditions of transformation of traditional types of cultures, the value-semantic guidelines that previously determined the regulation of personality behavior in life situations are undergoing significant changes. Social and cultural adaptation of foreign students to the conditions of study at the university, including in Russia, involves consideration of a wide range of intercultural interaction problems. Social and cultural adaptation of foreign students to new living conditions has a positive effect on the quality and quantity of knowledge, skills and abilities of students. The analysis of the value-semantic sphere of students studying in a foreign cultural environment is also significant. The implementation of innovative conditions of the scientific and educational environment of the university in the context of intercultural interaction can significantly expand the possibilities of free orientation and self-realization of the individual, including taking into account ethnicity. The development of resilience development programs will contribute to the development of protective and preventive factors both at the personal and social level, helping to overcome socio-emotional problems in a positive and adaptive way.
"New Ethics": a Guidebook for the Envious
Authors: Levit L.Z. , Sapeha E.I.
Published: October 2024

The article under consideration makes critical analysis of the “new ethics” notion, which has become nowadays one of the most discussed terms in the Russian-speaking Internet. The authors of the publication solve the following problems: they discover psychological mechanisms, which promote popularity of the new ethics. They also regard the discussed concept as a recurrent utopian theory, which has no chances of a successful implementation. Moreover, such a theory can be more harmful than useful. Hostility, experienced and demonstrated of the new ethics supporters towards more successful and famous individuals, has envy in its roots - the feeling, which cannot be declared or even made conscious. As a result, under the cover of the fighting for justice and liberation of the oppressed groups of population, the new ethics supporters put forward the demands, which are knowingly cannot be fulfilled. Such demands, usually accompanied by a persecution in social nets, are directed against more successful and famous individuals. As far as the new ethics believes in the possibility of the ideal and impeccable social interactions, it becomes a recurrent fantasy, which cannot be realized. In general, the new ethics reflects the utopian approach towards humans and society, which is popular in the contemporary culture and humanitarian disciplines as well as in multiculturalism and feminism. The mass need for utopian theories can be explained by their correspondence to the most prevalent kinds of positive illusions, as well as the “positive” cultural slogans calling for an easy and fast realization of an individual potential. In the last part of the manuscript, the authors express hope, that their critical analysis will enable an informed individual to refrain from taking part in such movements.
On the meanings in words and letters (language determinism vs determinism ontological)
Authors: Solomonick A.
Published: October 2024

Usually a word in a language has the main meaning, representing it in speech, in explanatory dictionaries and in the media. But as a sign, the word is not something homogeneous throughout the entire field of its meanings; in addition to the main one, it also includes additional meanings that either fit in the dictionary entry on the periphery, or branch off into a separate lexeme. How this is done, and in what directions additional to the main meanings in Russian words diverge, is the content of the article. I am not so interested in the linguistic nuances of words as in their ability to explain anything and everything; so my approach skips linguistic subtleties and uses a simplified pragmatic criterion for classifying meanings. This criterion turns out to be sufficient for serious conclusions in the practice of learning foreign languages.
Rhetoric: actual wordin communication situation at current time
Authors: Vepreva I.T. , Kupina N.A.
Published: October 2024

Based on the corpus of statements recorded in the Integrum database (https://www.integrum.ru), the article examines the actual meanings of the rhetoric lexeme, diagnosing the communicative situation at the current time (the chronological frame of the sample: 2021 - the first half of 2022). The analysis is based on the I.A. Sternin's works in the field of lexicology and communication theory. It has been established that the difference between rhetoric as a fundamental science and false rhetoric, or manipulative technologies of speech influence perceived by the Russian community, testifies to the enduring importance of the Russian, first of all, classical rhetoric. There preserved the primary systemic meaning of the analyzed word, fixed by the explanatory dictionaries of the Russian language, “the Science of Oratory”. Communicatively relevant actual meanings make it possible to clarify the formed secondary meaning: rhetoric is “insubstantial public speech, characterized by excessive rigidity and aggressiveness.” The reflexively evaluating perception of public speech, taking into account the scope of its functioning, mental originality, the presence / absence of the speaker's strategic attitude, allows fixing the pain points of the communicative situation at the current time.
Self-expression in different types of discourse
Authors: Karasik V.I.
Published: October 2024

The paper deals with self-expression in communication treated as a variety of communicative function of the language. It is specifically manifested in different types of discourse. Three types of self-expression may be singled out in communication - involuntary, intentional and veiled. The first type is found in any type of discourse, it may be described as a gradual variety of self-control in communication, its maximal manifestation is typical of everyday conversation whereas its minimal degree is traced in political discourse and similar types of communication when the participants are responsible for any word they say. The second type is building and promotion of one's image, such images correspond to certain psychological personality types and their affiliation with different organizations. The border between involuntary, quasi-involuntary and intentional types of self-expression is often merged. The third type may be explained as a complicated variety of intentional self-expression, it differs from the previous types in its structure because it has a double nature and in this respect it may be regarded as a variety of manipulation.
Pengaruh Konfigurasi Pelat Elektroda pada Generator HHO Tipe Dry Cell terhadap Produktivitas Brown’s Gas
Authors: Rizaldi Ryan , Raharjo Rahadi Agung , Sari Tria Puspa
Published: October 2024

Kebutuhan energi di Indonesia terus meningkat sejalan dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi dan populasi penduduk. Namun, pertumbuhan ini belum diimbangi oleh peningkatan pasokan energi, terutama dalam hal energi terbarukan. Salah satu solusi untuk mengatasi krisis pengolahan energi adalah dengan menggunakan sumber energi baru terbarukan (EBT) melalui proses elektrolisis air yang menghasilkan Brown’s Gas. Brown’s Gas dianggap sebagai bahan bakar yang bersih karena tidak menghasilkan emisi gas rumah kaca atau polutan udara. Generator HHO berperan sebagai alat untuk melakukan proses elektrolisis air dengan menghasilkan gas tersebut. Konfigurasi pelat elektroda dalam generator HHO tipe dry cell merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam mencapai efisiensi dan kinerja optimal dari sistem ini. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan generator HHO tipe dry cell dengan memvariasikan konfigurasi pelat elektrodra. Hasil penelitian ini mempengaruhi setiap variasi konfigurasi pelat elektroda terhadap produktivitas Brown’s Gas. Rata-rata hasil tertinggi didapat pada konfigurasi pelat elektroda 4K4A18N mencapai 0,00329 L/s dengan daya 43,04 Watt. Sedangkan rata-rata hasil terendah didapat pada konfigurasi pelat elektroda 3K3A20N mencapai 0,00278 L/s dengan daya 44,30 Watt. Efisiensi yang diperoleh melalui perbandingan antara laju produksi dengan daya yang digunakan energi. Hasil efisiensi tertinggi pada konfigurasi pelat elektroda 4K4A18N mencapai 49,69%.
Silvia Finocchio y María Paula Gonzalez (eds.) (2023). La Historia en la escuela. Transformaciones de la enseñanza en el nivel secundario. Buenos Aires: Editorial Biblos
Authors: Dragowski Andrés
Published: October 2024

Revisión del libro La Historia en la escuela. Transformaciones de la enseñanza en el nivel secundario por S. Finocchio y M. P. Gonzalez
Sandra Carli (Comp.) (2022). Historia de la Universidad de Buenos Aires. Tomo III (1945-1983). Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires: Eudeba
Authors: Viera Tomas
Published: October 2024

Revisión del libro Historia de la Universidad de Buenos Aires. Tomo III (1945-1983) por S. Carli
Freedom, with or beyond moral responsibility?: the Frankfurt challenge
Authors: Camargo Ricardo
Published: October 2024

One of the most recurrent debates facing epistemology today is that of the possibility of imputing moral responsibility within a deterministic context that denies freedom of will (free will). In contemporary analytical philosophy, this challenge has been met with relative success by the theoretical approach of Harry Frankfurt. In this article, this perspective will be revisited in contrast to the positions that both Aristotle and late Stoicism hold in relation to the question of freedom of will and consequent moral responsibility. An intersection with this will allow us to build an updated critique of the hierarchy of desires that Frankfurt offers to resolve the dilemma of freedom, with or beyond, responsibility and the moral problems to which it gives rise.
Ian H. Angus (2021), Groundwork of Phenomenological Marxism: Crisis, Body, World, Lanham/Boulder/Nueva York/Londres, Lexington Books, 539 pp.
Authors: Marín Ávila Esteban
Published: October 2024

El propósito de esta obra es acercar la fenomenología, en especial la husserliana, con el marxismo, así como replantear ciertas ideas de Marx en clave fenomenológica. En particular, explora líneas de pensamiento abiertas tanto en La crisis de las ciencias europeas y la fenomenología trascendental, de Edmund Husserl, como en El capital, de Karl Marx. A partir de esto se desarrolla un marxismo fenomenológico adecuado para reflexionar sobre las crisis culturales y ecológicas del siglo xxi. Su punto de partida es el recono-cimiento de que una fenomenología crítica —o como prefiere denominarla Ian Angus, socrática— debe reflexionar sobre la crisis del sentido y del valor que el mundo tiene para nosotros, aunque para hacerlo deba ir más allá de los planteamientos del fundador de esta corriente filosófica.
Enrique Serrano Gómez (2021), Razón y dogmatismo. Una aproximación a la filosofía de Kant, México, Ediciones Quinto Sol, 308 pp.
Authors: Medellín Barquín Tirso
Published: October 2024

Hay filosofías a las cuales es preciso regresar una y otra vez, como si el pensamiento que expresan estuviera destinado a una eterna repetición que, sin embargo, no deja de hacer saltar nuevas chispas de sentido. El pensamiento de Immanuel Kant es una de esas cumbres y Razón y dogma-tismo: Una aproximación a la filosofía de Kant es una de esas excelentes vueltas que, al esclarecer el detalle de lo ya conocido, contribuye simultáneamente a iluminar el amplio devenir de las teorías filosóficas.
Jürgen Habermas (2022), Ein neuer Strukturwandel der Öffentlichkeit und die deliberative Politik, Berlín, Suhrkamp Verlag, 108 pp.
Authors: Lira Rosiles José
Published: October 2024

En esta nueva obra, Un nuevo cambio estructural del espacio público y la política deliberativa,1 Jürgen Habermas emprende, por un lado, una serie de aclaraciones y ampliaciones sobre el modelo de política delibe-rativa, así como sus conceptos adyacentes —como el de consenso (Konsens), situación ideal de habla (ideale Sprechsituation) y el espacio público-político (politische Öffentlichkeit)—, a la luz de las principales críticas realizadas a su obra de 1992, Facticidad y validez (Faktizität und Geltung), en particular, desde los enfoques agonísticos de lo político.
A-9-Years-Old Female with Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 with Hyperthyroidism
Authors: Puspa Sari Ni Ketut , Mulyantari Ni Kadek , Herawati Sianny , Lestari AA. Wiradewi
Published: October 2024

Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 (DMT1) and thyroid disease can occur together, which is defined as a variant of autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 3. It is known that the action of insulin and thyroid hormones affect cellular metabolism, thyroid hormones contribute to carbohydrate metabolism and pancreatic function. Since the thyroid gland plays a central role in the regulation of metabolism, abnormal thyroid function can have a major impact on the control of diabetes and poor glycemic control can cause alterations in thyroid hormone. A female, 9 years old, with decreased consciousness. Previous medical history, polyuria, increased appetite, and drastic weight loss. She also complained of sweating even in a cold room and was often emotional. On physical examination, there was fever, shortness of breath, tachycardia, and a soft and diffused slightly enlarged thyroid gland, with no bruit on auscultation. Laboratory tests showed blood glucose levels at 739 mg/dL, HbA1c 9.2%, C-peptide 0.2 ng/mL, TSH levels 0.01 µIU/mL, FT4 levels 2.77 ng/dL, the presence of metabolic acidosis, proteinuria, glucosuria, and ketonuria. Thyroid dysfunction will have a negative effect on DM control while poor glucose control will harm the work of thyroid hormones. Improvement in glycemic control and routine insulin injection with the right dose will reduce the risk of diabetic vascular and metabolic complications onset and progression.
Profile Laboratory of Thalassemia in the General Hospital Dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh
Authors: Mutiawati Vivi Keumala , Aman Adi Koesoema
Published: October 2024

Thalassemia refers to the globin gene abnormality that affects the a and b globin genes. A comprehensive peripheral blood laboratory examination, Mentzer index, blood morphology, and Hb analysis were all performed on every patient with thalassemia who attended treatment as part of this analytical observational study. This research aims to know the profile of laboratory examinations of thalassemia patients in the Dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital (RSUZA) Banda Aceh. The study's target population was 547 individuals, with 278 males and 269 females making up the male and female split, respectively (50.7% and 49.3%). With a total of 197 subjects (36.4%), this study revealed that the subjects were most frequently found in the age range of 0–5 years. Only 8 subjects, or 1.5%, of the population in the over-65 age group, were detected. The typical value of the erythrocyte index further fell and was discovered in 469 participants with a value of 85.3%. A total of 504 patients, or 91.6%, had more elevated RDW features. Results for the Mentzer index with 432 subjects were determined to be 13 were 78.5%. In the 450-subject hypochromic microcytic group, subjects were most frequently observed (81.8%). Blood morphology features from 505 participants, or 91.8% of the total, showed no additional blood morphology characteristics in normoblasts, and from 361 subjects, or 65.6% of the total, showed no target cells. When a person has anemia or a family history of thalassemia, it is strongly advised that they get a full blood count (CBC). The proper laboratory testing is still necessary for the health issue of thalassemia.
The Utility of Micro-R/Hypo-He Ratio Cut-off for Distinguishing Iron Deficiency Anemia and Minor Thalassemia
Authors: Audiyananda Dwika , Prihatni Delita , Surata Nida , Sugianli Adhi Kristianto
Published: October 2024

Thalassemia is a genetic disease with impaired synthesis of the globin chain that causes anemia. Thalassemia and Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) are both microcytic hypochromic anemia but have different proportions of hypochromic and microcytic erythrocytes due to differences in disease mechanisms. Research parameters of the hematology analyzer: %Micro-R, %Hypo-He, and MH ratio can be used as early screening for thalassemia and IDA. This study aimed to evaluate the cut-off of %Micro-R, %Hypo-He, and MH ratio to differentiate thalassemia from IDA. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 217 subjects. Subjects were divided into two groups, thalassemia and IDA based on hemoglobin electrophoresis, hematology examination, and Mentzer index. Differences and cut-off values of %Micro-R, %Hypo-He, and MH ratio between the two groups were analyzed. The number of collected data was 134, consisting of 89 thalassemia patients and 45 IDA patients. Thalassemia patients had a median %Micro-R value of 51.2 (4.3-79.0), %Hypo-He value of 7.2 (0.2-50.2), and MH ratio of 7.17 (1.10-64.50), higher than IDA patients (p=0.000; p=0.176; p=0.000). The optimal cut-off value for %Micro-R in discriminating thalassemia trait from IDA was >12.7, with the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.945, sensitivity of 92.1%, and specificity of 82.2%. The cut-off value for MH ratio > 3.27 with AUC 0.833, sensitivity of 85.4%, and specificity 77.8% showed lower performance of cut-off value compared to %Micro-R. The algorithm using %Micro-R and MH ratio was proposed for thalassemia trait screening. High %Micro-R and MH are suggestive of thalassemia trait than of IDA.