Karakteristik Briket Biomassa dari Variasi Bahan Baku dan Persentase Perekat yang Berbeda
Authors: Wijaya AK Agnesia Arista , Yulianti Ni Luh , Putu Gunadnya Ida Bagus 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa karakteristik  dan pengaruh jenis bahan baku dan persentase perekat yang berbeda terhadap mutu briket biomassa yang dihasilkan dan menentukan perlakuan manakah yang memberikan hasil terbaik terhadap karakteristik briket yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktorial  dengan menggunakan 2 faktor dan 3 kali ulangan. Faktor pertama (A) adalah jenis bahan baku yang terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu bambu tabah  ( A1), sekam padi (A2) dan campuran bambu tabah dan sekam padi (A3). Faktor kedua (B)  adalah persentase  perekat yang terdiri dari 3 taraf yatu  konsentrasi 10%, ( B1) 15% (B2) dan  20%(B3) . Parameter penelitian yang diamati adalah kadar air, kadar abu, kadar zat menguap dan laju pembakaran. Seluruh perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali ulangan sehingga didapatkan 27 unit percobaan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan sidik ragam dan apabila terdapat pengaruh perlakuan yang signifikan, maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan Multiple Test (DMRT). Berdasarakan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa, interaksi  perlakuan memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap parameter kadar air, kadar abu, kadar zat menguap dan laju pembakaran. Selanjutnya  Kadar air yang didapat berkisar antar  2,30% bb - 4,78%,bb  kadar abu 5,88% - 34,85%, kadar zat menguap 31,30% - 51,59% dan laju pembakaran 73,20 gr/menit – 106,00 gr/menit. Kualitas briket yang paling baik  diperoleh pada perlakuan A2B3 (sekam 80 gram perekat 20 gram) dimana kadar air yang dihasilkan sebesar 2,30%bb, kadar abu 32,29%, kadar zat menguap 32,01% dan laju pembakarannya selama 92,60 gr/menit.

ABSTRACT

This study aims to analyze the characteristics and effects of different types of raw materials and adhesive percentages on the quality of the briquettes of the biomass produced and to determine which treatment gives the best results for the characteristics of the resulting briquettes. This study used a factorial randomized block design (RBD) using 2 factors and 3 replications. The first factor (A) is the type of raw material which consists of 3 levels, namely tabah bamboo (A1), rice husk (A2) and a mixture of tabah bamboo and rice husk (A3). The second factor (B) is the adhesive percentage consisting of 3 levels, namely 10% concentration, (B1) 15% (B2) and 20% (B3). The research parameters observed were moisture content, ash content, volatile substance content and combustion rate. All treatments were repeated 3 times in order to obtain 27 experimental units. The data obtained were analyzed using variance and if there was a significant treatment effect, it was followed by the Duncan Multiple Test (DMRT). Based on the results of the study, it is known that the treatment interaction has a significant effect on the parameters of moisture content, ash content, volatile substance content and combustion rate, then the moisture content obtained ranges from 2.30% bb - 4.78%, bb ash content 5, 88% - 34.85%, the volatile substance content was 31.30% - 51.59% and the combustion rate was 73.20 grams/minutes - 106.00 grams/minutes. The best quality of briquettes was obtained in A2B3 treatment (80 grams of rice husk 20 grams of adhesive) where the water content produced was 2.30%, the ash content was 32.29%, the vaporizing substance content was 32.01% and the burning rate was 92.60 grams. /minute.