bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of benzene exposure, fat content, and their interactions on erythroid-related hematologic parameters in petrochemical workers: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Xiao Yongmei , Zhang Xue , Deng Qifei , He Zhini , Li Jie , Ma Xiaoju , Zhang Zhaorui , Wu Dehua , Xing Xiumei , Peng Jing , Guo Hongyu , Huang Ming , Chen Liping , Dang Shanfeng , Zhu Yanqun , Zhang Zhengbao , Yang Boyi , Wang Hailan , Chen Wen
Published: November 2019

Background: Ubiquitously distributed benzene is a known hematotoxin. Increasing evidence has suggested that erythroid-related hematologic parameters may be more sensitive to benzene exposure. Fat content, which is also closely associated with erythroid-related hematologic parameters, may affect the distribution and/or metabolism of benzene, and eventually benzene-induced toxicity. Methods: To explore the influence of benzene exposure, fat content, and their interactions on erythroid-related hematologic parameters, we recruited 1669 petrochemical workers and detected their urinary S-phenylmercapturic acid (SPMA) concentration and erythroid-related hematological parameters. Indices for fat content included body fat percentage (BF%), plasma total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) , and occurrence of fatty liver. Results: The dose-response curve revealed U-shaped nonlinear relationships of SPMA with hematocrit (HCT) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) ( P -overall <0.001, and P -nonlinear < 0.015), as well as positive linear associations and r-shaped nonlinear relationships of continuous fat content indices with erythroid-related hematological parameters ( P -overall ≤ 0.005). We also observed modification effects of fat content on the associations between benzene exposure and erythroid-related hematological parameters, with workers of lower or higher BF% more sensitive to benzene-induced elevation of MCHC ( P interaction =0.021), while workers of lower or higher TG more sensitive to benzene-induced decrease of HCT ( P interaction = 0.050). We also found that some erythroid-related hematologic parameters were different in categories with different SPMA level and fat content. Conclusions: Our study suggested that benzene exposure, fat content, and their interactions may affect erythroid-related hematological parameters in petrochemical workers in a complex manner that are worthy of further investigation.
Daily Physical Activity and Related Risk Factors in COPD
Authors: Albarrati Ali , Gale NS , Munnery M , Cockcroft JR , Shale Dennis
Published: November 2019

p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; text-align: justify; font: 12.0px Times} Background : Factors associated with reduced daily physical activity (DPA) in patients with COPD are still controversial. Physical inactivity in COPD increases risk of cardiovascular disease, frequent exacerbations, reduced health status, and increased symptoms. We hypothesised that reduced DPA in patients with COPD is independent of traditional risk factors including age and spirometry. Methods : In this cross-sectional study, DPA (over 7 days) was assessed on 88 community stable patients with COPD and 40 controls free from cardiorespiratory disease. Spirometry, body composition, number of exacerbations, handgrip strength (HGS), modified Medical Research Council (mMRC), arterial stiffness, 6-minute walking distance (6MWD) and BODE index were also determined. Frequent exacerbation was defined as ≥2 and non-frequent exacerbation <2. Results : Patients with COPD had reduced DPA and exercise capacity compared with controls similar in age, BMI and gender, p<0.001. Frequent exacerbators had less DPA than infrequent exacerbators and both less than controls, p<0.001. Patients with higher BODE index were less active than those with lower index. Time spent on moderate activity was related to cardiovascular risk factors including arterial stiffness. The DPA in patients was independent of age, gender, spirometry, body composition and HGS, p>0.05. The level of breathlessness was superior to lung function in predicting the level of DPA. Conclusion : The level of DPA in COPD was independent of traditional risk factors. Breathlessness score is a better predictor of the DPA than lung function and handgrip strength.
Spatio-temporal dynamics of EEG features during sleep in major depressive disorder after treatment with escitalopram:A pilot study
Authors: Wu Li , Wang Xue-Qin , Dong Teng-Fei , Lei Ling , Li Su-Xia , Cheng Qi-Qi , Yang Yong
Published: November 2019

Background: Previous studies have shown escitalopram is related to sleep quality. However, effects of escitalopram on dynamics of electroencephalogram (EEG) features especially during different sleep stages have not been reported. This study may help to reveal pharmacological mechanism underlying escitalopram treatment.Methods: The spatial and temporal responses of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) to escitalopram treatment were analyzed in this study. Eleven MDD patients and eleven healthy control subjects who completed whole tests were included in the final statistics. Six-channel sleep EEG signals were acquired during sleep. Power spectrum and nonlinear dynamics were used to analyze the spatio-temporal dynamics features of the sleep EEG after escitalopram treatment. Results: For temporal dynamics: after treatment, there was a significant increase in the relative energy (RE) of band, accompanied by a significant decrease in the RE of band. Lempel-Ziv complexity and C0 complexity values were significantly lower. EEG changes at different sleep stages also showed the same regulation as the whole sleep process. For spatio dynamics: after treatment, the EEG response of the left and right hemisphere showed asymmetry. Further analysis of brain region-specific targets found that the frontal cortex showed a more intense EEG response with escitalopram treatment than central and occipital cortices.Conclusions: These findings may contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the pharmacological mechanism of escitalopram in the treatment of depression.
A systematic review of studies describing the influence of informal social support on psychological wellbeing in people bereaved by sudden or violent causes of death
Authors: Scott Hannah Rachel , Pitman Alexandra , Kozhuharova Petya , Lloyd-Evans Brynmor
Published: November 2019

Aims Whilst all bereavements are traumatic, bereavement through violent or unexpected causes is associated with more severe negative health and wellbeing outcomes compared to other types of loss. Social support has been found to have a positive impact on wellbeing after traumatic events in general. However, this association appears to be less consistently demonstrated in studies that focus on bereavement, and the literature in this area has not yet been systematically reviewed. This study aimed to review the international literature to examine systematically whether there is an association between informal social support from family and friends after bereavement through sudden and/or violent causes and post-bereavement wellbeing. Methods We conducted a systematic search for quantitative studies that tested for an association between social support and any outcome related to wellbeing after a sudden and/or violent loss. Included studies were assessed for risk of bias, and findings were reported using the approach of narrative synthesis. The review was pre-registered on Prospero (registration number CRD42018093704). Results We identified 16 papers that met inclusion criteria, all of which we assessed as having generally low or moderate risk of bias. 15 different wellbeing outcomes were measured across all studies. We found consistent evidence for an inverse association between social support and symptoms/presence of depression, predominantly consistent evidence for an inverse association between social support and symptoms/presence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and conflicting evidence for an inverse association between social support and symptoms/presence of complicated grief. Conclusions Our systematic review identified evidence to suggest that social support after sudden or violent bereavement is associated with a reduced severity of depressive and PTSD symptoms. Further longitudinal research is needed to explore potential causality in this relationship, widening the focus from common mental disorders to include other mental illnesses, wellbeing outcomes, and suicide-related outcomes after bereavement. There is also a need for consensus on the conceptualisation and measurement of social support. Our findings imply that interventions to improve access to and quality of social support may reduce the burden of mental illness after bereavement, and may therefore be worth investing in.
Why women chose unassisted home birth in Malaysia: A qualitative study
Authors: Tajuddin Nur Amani @ Natasha Ahmad , Suhaimi Julia , Ramdzan Siti Nurkamilla , Bakar Ahmad Ihsan Abu , Malek Khasnur Abdul , Ismail Ilham Ameera , Shamsuddin Nurainul Hana , Othman Sajaratulnisah
Published: November 2019

Background: Reports of unassisted home birthing practices have been increasing in Malaysia despite the accessibility to safe and affordable child delivery facilities. We aimed to explore the reasons for women to make such decision.
Methods: Twelve mothers participated in-depth interviews. They were identified using snowballing approach. The interviews were supported by a topic guide which was developed based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour and previous literature. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis.
Results: Women in this study described a range of birthing experiences and personal beliefs to why they chose unassisted home birth. Four themes emerged from the interviews; i) preferred birthing experience, ii) a natural process, iii) expressing autonomy and iv) faith, as reasons for choosing unassisted homebirth. Such decision was firm and strong despite the possible risks and complications that can occur during home birthing. Giving birth is perceived to occur naturally regardless of assistance and home birthing provide the preferred environment which health facilities may lack. Women believed that they were much in control of the birth processes apart from fulfilling the spiritual beliefs.
Conclusions: Women may choose unassisted home birth to express their personal beliefs and values, at the expense of the health risks. Apart from increasing mothers’ awareness of the possible complications arising from unassisted home births, urgent efforts is needed to providing a better birth experiences in healthcare facilities that resonate with the mothers’ beliefs and values.

Keywords: Home birth; free birth; unassisted home birth; Malaysia; healthcare delivery system; qualitative.
Be Quiet and Man Up: A Qualitative Study into Men Who Experienced Birth Trauma
Authors: Daniels Emily , Arden-Close Emily , Mayers Andrew
Published: November 2019

Background: Research focusing on paternal mental health is limited and the consequences of this are ignored. For example, little is known about the experiences of men who witness their partner’s traumatic birth and the subsequent impact. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore men’s experiences of witnessing a traumatic birth, how these experiences impacted on their wellbeing, and what support they received during and following the traumatic birth. Methods: Sixty-one participants were recruited via targeted social media to complete an online qualitative questionnaire regarding their birth trauma experience. Eligible participants were aged over eighteen, resided in the UK and had witnessed a traumatic birth that did not result in loss of life. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the questionnaire data. Results: Three main themes were identified: ‘fathers’ understanding of the experience’ (subthemes: nothing can prepare you for it; merely a passenger; mixed experiences with staff; not about me); ‘life after birth trauma’ (subthemes: manhood after birth; inability to be happy; impact on relationships); and ‘the support fathers received vs what they wanted’ (subthemes: prenatal support; birth support; and postnatal support). Conclusions: Fathers reported significant experiences during childbirth when they had witnessed their partner’s traumatic birth. They felt this impacted on their mental health and relationships long into the postnatal period. However, there is no nationally recognised support in place for fathers to use as a result of their experiences. The participants attributed this to being perceived as less important than women in the perinatal/childrearing period, and maternity services’ perceptions of the father more generally. Implications include ensuring support is given to all involved in the perinatal period, with additional staff training geared towards the father’s role.
Psychometric Testing of the Support and Control in Birth Scale
Authors: Liu Shuyu , Lu Yu-Ying , Gau Meei-ling , Liu Chieh-Yu
Published: November 2019

Background The Support and Control in Birth (SCIB) scale primarily measures the perceived support and control of expectant mothers during childbirth, thereby obtaining an understanding of their birth experiences. The advantages of this scale are its good reliability and validity and that it consolidates birth support and control. However, a Chinese version of the scale has yet to be developed. This study aim is evaluate the validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the Support and Control in Birth Scale (SCIB).Methods A total of 228 postpartum women participated in this study. The Chinese version of the SCIB (C-SCIB) scale was developed through a translation and back translation, followed by an evaluation of its expert validity and content validity. Cronbach's α and test-retest reliability were used to test the internal consistency reliability of the scale. In addition, criterion-related validity (predictive validity and concurrent validity) and construct validity were used to test the validity of the scale.Results 1. The confirmatory factor analysis results showed the overall goodness-of-fit was parsimony fit indices. 2. The reliability was .81, and its test-retest reliability was .96. 3. The criterion-related validity was test the predictive validity and concurrent validity. The predictive validity showed that a significant correlation ( r =.31, p <.01). There was a significant correlation between all the dimensions in the C-SCIB scale, such as internal control ( r =.15, p <.05), external control ( r =.30, p <.01), and support ( r =.21, p <.01). Furthermore, the concurrent validity showed a significant and moderate correlation ( r =.50, p < .01).Conclusion The C-SCIB scale was proven to have good reliability and validity, and thus can be used to measure the degree of support and the locus of control perceived by expectant women during labor.
Maternal Perceptions of Cesarean Delivery Care: A Qualitative Study to inform ERAS Guideline Development
Authors: Wollny Krista , Metcalfe Amy , Corrigan Crystal , Drobot Ashley , Gilmour Loreen , Wood Stephen , Wilson R. Douglas , Gramlich Leah , Nelson Gregg
Published: November 2019

INTRODUCTION: Cesarean delivery (CD) is the most common inpatient surgical procedure; however, there are no internationally-accepted, standardized clinical guidelines. The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS®) program aims to improve outcomes through the development of international guidelines (IG). The purpose of this study is to obtain and consolidate women’s experiences with CD to inform the development of an ERAS international guideline (IG). METHODS: Qualitative methods were used to assess the patient experience with current evidence-based CD protocols across operative phases. Twelve women who experienced CD were interviewed using an open-ended, semi-structured interview guide at six-weeks post-partum. Two researchers coded the emerging themes separately and compared findings. RESULTS: Women described feeling informed, but felt they did not have a choice. Pre-surgery, women wanted more information about the risks of CD. Pre-operatively, women expressed confusion with the procedures, but felt informed about local anaesthesia and thermoregulation. Post-CD, women felt informed about pain and nausea control; however, urinary catheter removal was delayed when compared to the ERAS recommendations. Information about post-partum infant care was not well communicated, as many women were uninformed about delayed cord-clamping and infant thermoregulation. DISCUSSION: This qualitative study provides opportunities to improve communication, the patient-provider relationship, and the overall satisfaction throughout the CD process. The findings support the implementation of patient decision aids and training with the shared decision model. The improved procedures recommended in the ERAS IG for CD have the potential to deliver significant improvements to patient satisfaction, mother-infant bonding and mental wellness.
Change in expression of 5-HT6 receptor at different stages of Alzheimer’s disease: a postmortem study with the PET radiopharmaceutical [ 18F ]2FNQ1P
Authors: Courault Pierre , Emery Stéphane , Bouvard Sandrine , Liger François , Chauveau Fabien , Meyronet David , Fourier Anthony , Billard Thierry , Zimmer Luc , Lancelot Sophie
Published: November 2019

Background The aim of this study was to investigate the binding of [18F]2FNQ1P, a new specific radiotracer of 5-HT6 receptors, and to quantify 5-HT6 receptor density in caudate nucleus in a population of patients with different Alzheimer’s disease (AD) stages.Methods Patients were classified according to the “ABC” NIA-AA classification. In vitro binding assays were performed in postmortem brain tissue from the control (“Not”; n=8) and severe AD (“High”; n=8) groups. In vitro quantitative autoradiography was performed in human brain tissue (caudate nucleus) from patients with different stages of AD: “Not” (n=15), “Low” (n=18), “Int” (n=20) and “High” (n=15).Results In vitro binding assays did not show significant differences for the KD and Bmax parameters between “High” and “Not” groups. In vitro quantitative autoradiography showed a significant difference between the “High” and “Not” groups (p-value = 0.0025). We also showed a progressive diminution in [18F]2FNQ1P specific binding, which parallels 5-HT6 receptors expression, according to increasing AD stage. Significant differences were observed between the “Not” group and all AD stages combined (“Low”, “Intermediate” and “High”) (p-value = 0.011).Conclusions This study confirms the interest of investigating the role of 5-HT6 receptors in AD and related disorders. [18F]2FNQ1P demonstrated specific binding to 5-HT6 receptors.
Variable versus constant frequency deep brain stimulation in patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Jia Fumin , Zhang Jianguo , Wang Huimin , Liang Zhanhua , Liu Weiguo , Wang Xuelian , Liu Yiming , Guo Yi , Ling Zhipei , Cai Xiaodong , Wu Xi , Wu Jianjun , Lv Wen , Xu Xin , Zhang Wenbin , Li Luming
Published: November 2019

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) targeting the subthalamic nucleus (STN) can be used to treat motor symptoms and dyskinesia in the advanced stages of Parkinson’s disease (PD). High frequency stimulation (HFS) of the STN can lead to consistent, long-term improvement of PD symptoms. However, the effects of HFS on the axial symptoms of PD, specifically freezing of gait (FOG), can be limited or cause further impairment. While this can be alleviated via relatively low frequency stimulation (LFS) in select patients, LFS does not control all motor symptoms of PD. Recently, the National Engineering Laboratory for Neuromodulation reported preliminary findings regarding an efficient way to combine the advantages of HFS and LFS to form variable frequency stimulation (VFS). However, this novel therapeutic strategy has not been formally tested in a randomized trial. Methods/Design: We propose a multicenter, double blind clinical trial involving 12 study hospitals and an established DBS team. The participants will be divided into a VFS and a constant frequency stimulation (CFS) group. The primary outcome will be changes in Stand-Walk-Sit (SWS) task scores at three months of treatment in the “medication off” condition. Secondary outcome measures include specific item scores on the Freezing of Gait Questionnaire and quality of life. The aim of this trial is to investigate the efficacy and safety of VFS compared with CFS. Discussion: This is the first randomized controlled trial to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness and safety of VFS of the STN in patients with advanced PD. VFS may represent a new option for clinical treatment of PD in the future. Trial registration: The present protocol is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03053726.
Better efficacy in differentiating WHO grade II from III oligodendrogliomas with machine-learning than radiologist’s reading from conventional T1 contrast-enhanced and fluid attenuated inversion recovery imagines
Authors: Zhao Sha-Sha , Feng Xiu-Long , Hu Yu-Chuan , Han Yu , Tian Qiang , Sun Ying-Zhi , Zhang Jie , Ge Xiang-Wei , Cheng Si-Chao , Li Xiu-Li , Mao Li , Shen Shu-Ning , Yan Lin-Feng , Cui Guang-Bin , Wang Wen
Published: November 2019

Background: The medical imaging to differentiate World Health Organization (WHO) grade II (ODG2) from III (ODG3) oligodendrogliomas still remains a challenge. We investigated whether combination of machine leaning with radiomics from conventional T1 contrast-enhanced (T1CE) and fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offered superior efficacy. Methods: Thirty-six patients with histologically confirmed ODGs underwent T1CE and 33 of them underwent FLAIR MR examination before any intervention from January 2015 to July 2017 were retrospectively recruited in the current study. The volume of interest (VOI) covering the whole tumor enhancement were manually drawn on the T1CE and FLAIR slice by slice using ITK-SNAP and a total of 1072 features were extracted from the VOI using 3-D slicer software. Random forest (RF) algorithm was applied to differentiate ODG2 from ODG3 and the efficacy was tested with 5-fold cross validation. The diagnostic efficacy of radiomics-based machine learning and radiologist’s assessment were also compared. Results: Nineteen ODG2 and 17 ODG3 were included in this study and ODG3 tended to present with prominent necrosis and nodular/ring-like enhancement (P < 0.05). The AUC, ACC, sensitivity, and specificity of radiomics were 0.798, 0.735, 0.672, 0.789 for T1CE, 0.774, 0.689, 0.700, 0.683 for FLAIR, as well as 0.861, 0.781, 0.778, 0.783 for the combination, respectively. The AUCs of radiologists 1, 2 and 3 were 0.700, 0.687, and 0.714, respectively. The efficacy of machine learning based on radiomics was superior to the radiologists' assessment. Conclusions: Machine-learning based on radiomics of T1CE and FLAIR offered superior efficacy to that of radiologists in differentiating ODG2 from ODG3.
Integral risk assessment to optimize expenses for occupational safety measures at a machine-building enterprise
Authors: Bezsonnyi Vitalii
Published: November 2019

In the absence of uniform and unified requirements for the assessment of industrial risks at an enterprise, the system approach remains the only tool for a comprehensive assessment of the workplace safety. Implementation of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) system involves identifying, analyzing and reducing risks at the workplace. The purpose of the article is to calculate the minimum expenses for occupational safety measures and minimize production risks identified through the developed procedure for analyzing the hazards of the machine-building enterprise. The research methodology is based on the integrated use of qualitative and quantitative approaches to risk assessment, namely, structured assessment and integral assessment using the “rucksack problem” optimization model. The study identifies the risks that are most common and the most serious ones. The procedure of risk reduction is proposed, which is to determine the minimum costs for achieving each of the integral assessments for the machine-building enterprise. The practical value of work consists in the ability to directly apply the developed methodology for risk assessment at the enterprises of the machine-building industry, and to easily adapt the risk assessment procedure to other conditions.
Teachers' perceptions of school climate in inclusive schools
Authors: Pandia Weny Savitry Sembiring , Purwanti Margaretha
Published: November 2019

Teachers are important figures in forming the school climate, including in inclusive schools. Their perception will influence the learning process and indirectly affect students’ achievements. This study aimed to identify teachers’ perceptions of school climate in inclusive schools. Mixed method was used in this study. Quantitatively, questionnaires were given to 127 teachers from 2 inclusive vocational schools and 4 inclusive high schools in Jakarta, Bandung, and Surakarta, using accidental sampling technique. In each class, there were 2 – 3 students with special needs, which encompassed different types of disability such as physically disabled, low vision, slow learner, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and autism. Qualitatively, school observations and interviews were conducted with 10 teachers. The results showed that their perceptions of the school climate in high schools and vocational schools tended to be positive although the knowledge and application of inclusive education still needed to be improved. There were differences in several perceptual aspects due to the duration of teaching and the type of school.
Self-adaptive multi-population-based Jaya algorithm to optimize the cropping pattern under a constraint environment
Authors: Kumar Vijendra , Yadav S. M.
Published: November 2019

Increasing population around the world, especially in India and China, has resulted in a drastic increase in water intake in both domestic and agricultural sectors. This, therefore, requires that water resources be planned and controlled wisely and effectively. With this consideration, the aim of the study is to achieve an optimal cropping pattern under a constrained environment. The objective is to maximize the net benefits with an optimum use of water. For optimization, a self-adaptive multi-population Jaya algorithm (SAMP-JA) has been used. For the Karjan reservoir in Gujarat State, India, two different models, i.e. maximum and average cropping patterns, were formulated based on the 75 per cent dependable inflow criteria. These two model scenarios are developed in such a way that either model can be selected by the farmer based on the crop area and its respective net benefits. Invasive weed optimization (IWO), particle swarm optimization (PSO), differential evolution (DE) and the firefly algorithm (FA) were compared to the results. The results show that the SAMP-JA obtained the maximum net benefit for both the models. The findings of the research are also compared with the actual cropping pattern. A significant increase has been noted in the cultivation of sugarcane, groundnut, wheat, millet, banana and castor. SAMP-JA has been noted to converge faster and outperforms PSO, DE, IWO, FA, teaching–learning-based optimization (TLBO), the Jaya algorithm (JA), elitist-JA and elitist-TLBO.
DIGITAL FINANCIAL ASSETS: SEGMENTS AND PROSPECTS OF LEGAL REGULATION IN THE BRICS COUNTRIES
Authors: Sarnakov I.
Published: November 2019

In the environment of the current trend towards digitalization of the world economy, the issue of the legal regulation of the institute of digital financial assets as well as the activity relating to the generation of these assets is of considerable interest. As practice shows, individual countries face the situation where these assets are already turning over, but there is still no legal regulation. This state of affairs may give rise to cases of illegal turnover of financial assets and fraud in this sphere. Presently, the geopolitical map on digitalization of the economy is fragmented. Some countries have recognized and legalized the turnover of digital financial assets, others have so far not adopted an unambiguous attitude with respect to this new institute, while a third group of countries has not even recognized their legal nature nor their very existence. This ambiguity raises many issues relating to the legitimacy of digital financial assets and the feasibility of the introduction of this new financial product. The article analyzes the state of the legal regulation of the institute of digital financial assets in the BRICS countries, considers the standpoints of legislators and scientists on the legal nature of these financial assets.
The Oleaster (Elaeagnus angustifolia): A Comprehensive Review on Its Composition, Ethnobotanical and Prebiotic Values
Authors: Sabouri Sima , Rad Aziz H. , Peighambardoust Seyed H. , Fathipour Raana B. , Feshangchi Javad , Ansari Fereshteh , Pourjafar Hadi
Published: November 2019

Background:

Oleaster or Elaeagnus angustifolia is a deciduous plant from Elaegnacea family
and is well-known for its remedial applications.

Objective:

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the potential application of Oleaster's flour
incorporated in some food products. Emphasis is given to the physicochemical, biochemical, and functional
properties of Oleaster's flour.

Methods:

A comprehensive search was carried out to find publications on Oleaster’s flour and its application
as a prebiotic. The results of the related studies were extracted and summarized in this paper.

Results:

Oleaster's flour as a prebiotic ingredient enhances antioxidants, polyphenols, fiber, flavonoids,
Sterols, carbohydrates, and protein content of food products.

Conclusions:

Further advanced investigations on Oleaster and its functional ingredients revealed that
these are efficacious and can be applied as a substitute source in pharmacological industries for medical
applications.
Possible Selective Cytotoxicity of Vanadium Complex on Breast Cancer Cells Involving Pathophysiological Pathways
Authors: El-Shafey Eman S. , Elsherbiny Eslam S.
Published: November 2019

Background:

Triple-Negative Breast Cancers (TNBC) are among the most aggressive and therapyresistant
breast tumors. Development of new treatment strategies that target pathways involved in cancer cells
resistance is an attractive candidate to overcome therapeutic resistance.

Objective:

To clarify the antitumor activity of [VO (bpy)2 Cl] Cl complex as a new therapeutic agent through
studying the interplay between apoptosis, autophagy and notch signaling pathways.

Methods:

Proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells and IC50 value of the vanadium complex were assessed by MTT
assay. Flow cytometry was utilized to detect cell cycle distribution, apoptosis assay, LC3 levels and Acid
Vascular Organelles (AVOs). Caspase 3 levels were detected by ELISA. Changes in Notch1 gene expression
were assessed by real-time PCR. AVOs qualitative detection was assessed by a fluorescence microscope.

Results:

The growth of MDA-MB-231 cells was suppressed after treatment with [VO (bpy)2 Cl] Cl complex, in
a dose-dependent manner. The affinity for apoptotic cell death induction was shown through the increase in the
sub G0 peak, the percentage of early and late apoptotic phases, and the elevation in caspase 3 levels. The affinity
for autophagic cell death induction was observed through the increase in the G0/G1 phase, G2/M arrest, the
increase of AVOs red fluorescence and elevated LC3 levels. The affinity for notch pathway inhibition was
shown through the suppression of Notch 1 gene expression.

Conclusion:

[VO (bpy)2 Cl] Cl complex could be a promising candidate as therapeutic agent targeting different
therapeutic targets including apoptosis, autophagy and notch signaling pathways.
An Updated Library on the Synthesis of Aziridines
Authors: Mukherjee Anindita , Ghosal Nirnita C. , Zyryanov Grigory V. , Majee Adinath , Santra Sougata
Published: November 2019

Aziridines are highly versatile intermediates in organic synthesis due to their easy access
and their susceptibility to ring-opening by facile C-N bond cleavage. They are synthetically very important
as they are valuable precursors of amino sugars, β-lactam antibiotics and alkaloids or present
in various natural products that exhibit potent biological activities. The synthesis of this moiety from
the easily available chemicals is desirable due to its tremendous use in the various branches of chemistry.
Here, a short review has been reported on the synthesis of this scaffold employing different strategies
under different greener conditions. Various methods have been developed in the presence of
green catalysts and solvents.
A Review on Ethnobotanical, Phytochemical, Pharmacological and Traditional Aspects of Indigenous Indian Herb Trachyspermum ammi (L)
Authors: Saraswat Nikita , Sachan Neetu , Chandra Phool
Published: November 2019

Introduction and Ethnopharmacological relevance:

In the Indian Vedic literature,
Charakasamhita and Sushritasamhita, the Ajwain is known as Bhootika and in the
charaksamhita commentaries, it is termed as Yavanika. The medicinal role of Ajwain fruit is
claimed to be very important in the treatment of many ailments in humans. The plant Trachyspermum
ammi Linn. is a grassy, aromatic annual plant, which falls in the family Umbelliferae.
This plant is grown in India, Iran, Pakistan, Egypt, etc. for its medicinal benefits.
Tribals of India use it for the treatment of diarrhea, arthritis, colic and gastrointestinal problems.
In the traditional preparations, Indian Vaidya guru’s (Ayurveda Guru’s), the ajwain extract
is used as “Admoda Arka”. The Ayurveda doctors, hakims and Vaidya gurus recommend
ajwain for treating headaches, cold, flu and even during painful menstrual periods.

Aim of the Study:

The review paper has compiled the researches conducted on Trachyspermum
ammi, which will help in presenting a collective data of the authentic researches conducted
on the plant worldwide. It will also present information about the phytoconstituents
which can be useful for building up new researches in near future.

Materials and Methods:

This paper has been prepared by collecting all the information
available on the following platforms and the papers were searched from 1975 to 2019. The databases
and electronic journals were well searched including Wiley, Springer link, Google
Scholar, Science Direct, Pubmed. The key terms used for the search were Ajwain, C. copticum,
Trachyspermum ammi and other synonyms of the plant. The search was also done by the
names of chemical constituents present in the plant and the pharmacological effect of the plant.

Results:

The multiple uses of T. ammi are due to the active constituents present in it. As per
the phytochemical studies on the fruits of T. ammi, the presence of various phytoconstituents
has been found such as saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, fixed oils, thymenes,
cumenes, tannins, amino acids, p-cymene, c-terpinene, steroids, etc.

Conclusions:

This paper is focused on presenting a detailed review on the literature, pharmacological
properties, physicochemical studies and the newest researches on the plant. In this
paper, we have also compiled the traditional uses of the herb used by Indian peopleon recommendations
from their Hakims, Vaidya and use of the herbs by many tribes all across India
and Pakistan.
Bridging the gap between translation and culture: towards a cultural dimension of translation
Authors: Al-Sofi Bakr Bagash Mansour Ahmed , Abouabdulqader Hassan
Published: November 2019

This study investigates the significance of culture to the translation process. It tackles the prior call that being bilingual is enough for translation, neglecting the importance of culture for creative translation. This descriptive and analytical study is based on the semantic approach, following Ghazala's (2008) and Nida's (1964) theories of translation. It depends on textual analysis of culturally-laden collocations in some common terms, expressions, idioms, and proverbs. It was confirmed that culture is at the heart of translation as the two are inextricably interdependent. Furthermore, successful translation necessarily entails a profound understanding of the cultural context of the text, which leads to the successful transmission of the intended meaning. It is recommended that the traditional approach that bilingualism is enough for good translation should be reconsidered, and that translation programs designers and translators should give culture its due place in the translation process.
3D Printed Teeth with Enamel and Dentin Layer for Educating Dental Students in Crown Preparation
Authors: Höhne Christian , Schwarzbauer Raphael , Schmitter Marc
Published: November 2019

Commonly used model teeth are so far uniform in color and hardness. There is no discrimination between enamel and dentin part of a tooth. This condition makes it difficult to train a preparation technique, which is adapted to real tooth substance. The aim of this study was to design and establish a 3D printed tooth with different layers for enamel and dentin for education in crown preparation. A printable tooth with different layers for enamel and dentin was designed, and all 38 fourth‐year dental students in the first clinical course in prosthodontics and 30 experienced dentists were trained during a voluntary hands‐on course in 2019. Prior to the study, the students had used standard model teeth and real‐teeth models in their preclinical education. They had experience in caries removal and preparation on real patients. The perceived benefits of the 3D printed tooth were evaluated by a questionnaire. All individuals in both groups completed the questionnaire, for a 100% response rate. The results showed that the printed tooth was given an overall mean grade of 2.3 (students) and 2.0 (experts) on a scale from 1=excellent to 5=poor. The difference in hardness between the dentin and enamel layer was given a mean of 2.4 (students and experts) and the difference in color a 1.7 (students) and 1.8 (experts). The tooth model with the prepared tooth illustrating an ideal preparation was graded 1.6 (students and experts). In this study, the students had the opportunity to learn a correct crown preparation on a printed tooth with different material properties for enamel and dentin. The learning effect with this tooth model was rated as good on the questionnaire by both students and expert dentists.
Learning and Teaching Together to Advance Evidence‐Based Clinical Education: A Faculty Learning Community
Authors: Horvath Zsuzsa , Washburn Carol , Albrecht Susan A. , Song Meiyi , Meyer Susan M.
Published: November 2019

Clinical teaching is a cornerstone of health sciences education; it is also the most challenging aspect. The University of Pittsburgh Schools of Dental Medicine, Nursing, and Pharmacy developed a new evidence‐based interprofessional course framed as a faculty learning community (FLC) around the principles of learning in a clinical environment. The aim of this study was to assess the overall effectiveness of this two‐semester FLC at four health professions schools in academic year 2014‐15. The assessment included anonymous participant surveys in each session and an anonymous end‐of‐course survey. Thirty‐five faculty members from dental, health and rehabilitation sciences, nursing, and pharmacy enrolled in the FLC, with six to 32 enrollees attending each session. All attendees at each session completed the session evaluation surveys, but the attendance rate at each session ranged from 17.1% to 91.4%. Sixteen participants (46%) completed the end‐of‐course survey. The results showed overall positive responses to the FLC and changes in the participants’ self‐reported knowledge. Session surveys showed that the participants found the FLC topics helpful and appreciated the opportunity to learn from each other and the interprofessional nature of the FLC. Responses to the end‐of‐course survey were in alignment with the individual session surveys and cited specific benefits as being the content, teaching materials, and structured discussions. In additional feedback, participants reported interest to continue as a cohort and to extend the peer‐support system beyond the FLC. This outcomes assessment of the first round of the FLC confirmed that this cohort‐based faculty development in an interprofessional setting was well received by its participants. Their feedback provided valuable insights for changes to future offerings.
The effectiveness of content based on dynamic intellectual learning with visual modality in vocational school
Authors: Agustini Ketut , Sindu I Gede Parta , Kusuma Kadek Angga
Published: November 2019

E-learning generally presented the same learning material because it considered the characteristics of all users to be homogeneous. In fact, every student had different characteristics in the learning process. The objectives of this study were: (1) To produce a simulation content and digital communication based on  Dynamic Intellectual Learning with Visual Modality for the tenth grade at SMK Negeri 1 Seririt, (2) To find out the teacher's response and the tenth grade students at SMK Negeri 1 Seririt on Simulation Content and Digital Communication based on DIL with Visual Modality that had been generated. The method of this study was a research and development referred to the plomp model. The subjects of this study were the tenth grade of accounting program at SMK Negeri 1 Seririt in the academic year 2017/2018. There were various try out had been carried out, namely: validity testing by experts and effectiveness testing by using the Hake formula. The results showed that the simulation content and digital communication based on DIL with Visual Modality was valid and practically use: the effectiveness testing produced N-gain of 0.74 included in the effective category and the data analysis of the teacher and the students respond showed that it was categorized in the positive category. It showed that the output was valid, practical and effective to be used.
Employability skills of vocational school students in Palu City for entering the work world
Authors: Pusriawan Pusriawan , Soenarto Sunaryo
Published: November 2019

This study aims to determine how much the level of employability skills of students of State Vocational Schools in Palu City. This type of research is a type of survey that is to describe the attitudes, behaviors, and opinions of students' research employability skills using a quantitative deskriptive approach, then the results of data analysis are described qualitatively, then presented in graphs, diagrams, tables, mean, modes, medians, standard deviation and variant. The population in this study was 1,275 students with a study sample of 295 students. The data collection technique used is using a questionnaire. The results of the study indicate that the level of employability skills of vocational students in Palu is generally categorized as very high. The high level of employability skills of students in the State Vocational School in Palu should be a supporting factor for students to get decent work and in accordance with their competency skills so that stakeholders, especially the school must really use it well.
Vocational school teachers’ readiness in implementing Curriculum 2013 revised edition in Cilacap Regency
Authors: Saputra Hanief Iqbal , Nuchron Nuchron
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this research is to reveal the factors that influence vocational school teachers’ readiness to implement curriculum 2013 revised edition in Cilacap regency. The factors are 1) principals’ leadership toward the teachers’ readiness, 2) the impact of teachers’ professionalism toward teachers’ readiness, 3) the impact of the teachers’ training. This research is an ex-post facto research. The method of collecting data used in this research is the mix method. The data was collected by using questioner and interview and then, analyzed by applying statistics descriptive counts mean of the percentage. To confirm the hypotheses, this study used multiple linear regression. The result of the research showed that: (1) principals’ leadership affect teachers’ readiness in the amount of 8.4%, (2) teachers’ professionalism impact the teachers’ readiness in amount of 17.7%, (3) teachers’ training impact teachers’ readiness in amount of 24.1%, and (4) principals’ leadership, professionalism, and teachers’ training simultaneously, affect teachers’ readiness and it is proved by Fcalculate in the amount of 5,403 and significant value (p = 0,001 < 0,05). It meant that the whole result of the three free-variables affects the teachers’ readiness significantly in implementing curriculum 2013 revised edition at vocational school in Cilacap.
Developing mobile-based project-based learning module for project management courses in vocational education
Authors: Sarwandi Sarwandi , Giatman M , Sukardi Sukardi , Irfan Dedy
Published: November 2019

The purposes of this research were (1) to design and implement the development of mobile-based e-modules, (2) to know the students' and lecturers’ responses toward the development of the mobile-based e-modules, and (3) to know the students’ learning outcomes after using the mobile-based e-modules. The research employed a Research and Development with the 4D development model. The participants of this study were 54 students and three lecturers of construction engineering education. The data on the students' and lecturers’ responses to the development of mobile-based e-modules were obtained using the questionnaire method. The results of the study show that the design and implementation of the developed mobile-based e-modules were successful based on several tests conducted. The successfully developed e-modules can be seen from the students’ responses, in which 64% are included in the Very Practical category, and only 36% are in the Practical category. On the other hand, the results of the lecturers’ responses show a Very Practical category by the percentage of 100%. As a consequence, the students’ learning outcomes are declared complete at 100% and increase with a gain score of 0.44 (moderate) from 54 students in the project management course.
Elderly Welfare and Quality of Life: A qualitative inquiry
Authors: Hashim Rugayah , Mohd Aminuddin Zaidi , Ghazali Ayu Rohaidah , Abd Razak Norfadzilah
Published: November 2019

As the elderly population increases in Malaysia, media-reported spates on elderly abuse and neglect formed the motivation for the study. The objectives of this paper are to showcase the findings on elderly welfare and neglect via two-phase, qualitative design inquiry. The findings revealed that home-cared elderly parents reported a steady quality of life with isolated incidences of neglect. Culture, tradition, and religion play essential roles in elderly care and emotional well-being. Implications from the study evidenced the importance of elderly welfare for societal inclusion and quality of life. Gazetting new policies on elderly welfare are recommended.Keywords: Elderly welfare; Geriatrics; Neglect; Elderly AbuseeISSN: 2398-4287 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v4i12.1748