bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beyond Moneyball
Authors: Congdon-Hohman Joshua M. , Lanning Jonathan A.
Published: April 2017

This study examines the changes in player compensation in Major League Baseball during the last three decades. Specifically, we examine the extent to which recently documented changes in players’ compensation structure based on certain types of productivity fits in with the longer term trends in compensation and identify the value of specific output activities in different time periods. We examine free-agent contracts in 3-year periods across three decades and find significant changes to how players’ past performances are rewarded in free agency beyond the change in those to on-base percentage seen in the mid-2000s. We find evidence that the compensation strategies of baseball teams increased the rewards to “power” statistics beyond home runs in the 1990s from a model that focused on successfully reaching base with a batted ball without a significant regard for the number of bases reached. Similarly, we confirm and expand upon the increased financial return to bases on balls in the late 2000s as found in previous research.
Activation of GPR15 and its involvement in the biological effects of smoking
Authors: Kõks Sulev , Kõks Gea
Published: April 2017

Smoking is one of the most significant modifiable environmental risk factors for many diseases. Smoking causes excessive mortality worldwide. Despite decades of long research, there has not been a clear understanding regarding the molecular mechanism that makes smoking harmful to health. Some recent studies have found that smoking influences most significantly the expression and methylation of GPR15. GPR15 is an orphan receptor that is involved in the regulation of the innate immunity and the T-cell trafficking in the intestinal epithelium. Further studies have confirmed that GPR15 is very strongly involved in smoking and smoking-induced molecular changes. Therefore, the altered expression and epigenetic regulation of GPR15 could have a significant role in the health impact of smoking.

Impact statement

The review describes an orphan receptor GPR15 that has recently been found to be influenced by smoking. This makes GPR15 very sensitive and adequate biomarker for smoking and smoking studies. Also, activation of GPR15 by smoking could help to explain its effects on health.
‘There should be something gained’: Carers’ ethical reasoning about using a common staff approach in psychiatric in-care
Authors: Enarsson Per , Sandman Per-Olof , Hellzen Ove
Published: April 2017

Thirteen carers were interviewed about their ethical reasoning when using a common staff approach to restricting smoking for a psychiatric in-patient. A constructed case structure and a vignette method were used in the interviews, and manifest content analysis of the texts exposed five ethical positions adopted by the carers: ‘best for the person’, ‘best for the patient’, ‘best for others involved with the person/patient’, ‘best for me as a carer’, and ‘best according to rules and regulations’. A second manifest content analysis of language showed terms that expressed value judgments in regard to the carers’ personal experiences. Some carers argued at first from one ethical position, but when the question was changed, they argued from an opposite ethical position. Results may be understood in light of dialog philosophy; ethical reasoning during use of a common staff approach tends to focus either on relations with others or with oneself.
Thirty-Day Readmission Risk Factors Following Single-Level Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (TLIF) for 4992 Patients From the ACS-NSQIP Database
Authors: Garcia Roxanna M. , Khanna Ryan , Dahdaleh Nader S. , Cybulski George , Lam Sandi , Smith Zachary A.
Published: April 2017

Study Design:

Retrospective cohort study.

Objective:

To describe the readmission rate and identify risk factors associated with 30-day readmission after transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) surgery.

Methods:

Patients who underwent elective single level TLIF surgery from 2011 to 2013 were identified in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) database. Emergency or trauma cases were excluded. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative variables were extracted. A multivariate binary regression identified predictors correlated with 30-day readmission.

Results:

A total of 4992 patients were included in the analysis. The overall 30-day readmission rate was 5.51% (275/4992) for readmissions reported between 2011 to 2013. The mean age of patients readmitted was 62.40 years (standard error [SE] = 0.78) and 60.92 years (SE = 0.20) among those whom were not readmitted ( P = .05). The top three causes for readmission included postoperative pain control, deep or superficial surgical site infections. Predictors associated with 30-day readmission in a multivariate analysis included female gender (odds ratio [OR] = 1.27, 95% CI = 0.97-1.65), history of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.11-2.96), and in the postoperative period, American Society of Anesthesiologists class (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.04-1.63), presence of superficial surgical site infection (OR= 18.23, 95% CI = 10.36-32.08), or urinary tract infection (OR = 4.93, 95% CI = 2.84-8.58).

Conclusions:

The readmission rate, risk factors, and causes following TLIF surgery are comparable to other lumbar spinal procedures reported from the ACS-NSQIP database.
Clinical Application of Ceramics in Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Review and Update
Authors: Zadegan Shayan Abdollah , Abedi Aidin , Jazayeri Seyed Behnam , Bonaki Hirbod Nasiri , Vaccaro Alexander R. , Rahimi-Movaghar Vafa
Published: April 2017

Study Design:

Narrative review.

Objectives:

Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is a reliable procedure, commonly used for cervical degenerative disc disease. For interbody fusions, autograft was the gold standard for decades; however, limited availability and donor site morbidities have led to a constant search for new materials. Clinically, it has been shown that calcium phosphate ceramics, including hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP), are effective as osteoconductive materials and bone grafts. In this review, we present the current findings regarding the use of ceramics in ACDF.

Methods:

A review of the relevant literature examining the clinical use of ceramics in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion procedures was conducted using PubMed, OVID and Cochrane.

Result:

HA, coralline HA, sandwiched HA, TCP, and biphasic calcium phosphate ceramics were used in combination with osteoinductive materials such as bone marrow aspirate and various cages composed of poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK), fiber carbon, and titanium. Stand-alone ceramic spacers have been associated with fracture and cracks. Metallic cages such as titanium endure the risk of subsidence and migration. PEEK cages in combination with ceramics were shown to be a suitable substitute for autograft.

Conclusion:

None of the discussed options has demonstrated clear superiority over others, although direct comparisons are often difficult due to discrepancies in data collection and study methodologies. Future randomized clinical trials are warranted before definitive conclusions can be drawn.
After Silent Revolution: Most Marginalized Dalits and Local Democracy in Uttar Pradesh, North India
Authors: Kumar Satendra
Published: April 2017

There exists a widely held view that a ‘silent revolution’ is occurring in North India. However, a scanty literature deals with how this revolution has changed the distribution of political opportunities on the ground. Drawing on longitudinal and long-term ethnographic research conducted between 2005 and 2015 in a village and its region, western Uttar Pradesh (UP), this article uncovers the complex and contradictory processes of change taking place in the nature of caste and its politicization in contemporary India. By focusing on different caste groups, this article examines the ways in which these groups are responding to recent political changes, particularly in the wake of the extension of reservations in Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) and the political rise of the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) in the state of UP. This article shows that there has been a marked change in the relations of domination and subordination between upper castes and the Other Backward Classes (OBCs), and the Dalits in the region. However, I argue that despite radical changes in the rural power structure of UP, many Dalit groups remain marginal in local politics and social life. The emerging caste groups such as Jatavs within the Dalits refuse to give space to the aspirations of the most marginalized groups.
Decentralized Governance and Devolution of Funds to the Panchayats in India: A Critical Analysis of Two States
Authors: Reddy M. Gopinath , Mohapatra Bishnu Prasad
Published: April 2017

The debates on the devolution of powers to the panchayats since the last two decades received enormous attention because of the increasing role played by these institutions in planning and implementation of the development programmes in rural India. But it is observed that devolution agenda including the agenda of fiscal devolution and tax decentralization has not been taken up sincerely in many states including the states of Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. Based on the review of secondary data, the present article critically examines the status of the fiscal devolution to the panchayats in the states of Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. This article argues that both the states need to strengthen the own revenue of panchayats based on the recommendations of the Finance Commissions of the respective states. In this context, the process of tax decentralization and principles of sharing the state taxes should receive paramount importance.
What Influences Mental Illness? Discrepancies Between Medical Education and Conception
Authors: Einstein Evan Hy , Klepacz Lidia
Published: April 2017

Objective:

This preliminary study examined the differences between what was taught during a formal medical education and medical students’ and psychiatry residents’ conceptions of notions regarding the causes and determinants of mental illness.

Methods:

The authors surveyed 74 medical students and 11 residents via convenience sampling. The survey contained 18 statements which were rated twice based on truthfulness in terms of a participant’s formal education and conception, respectively. Descriptive statistics and a Wilcoxon signed rank test determined differences between education and conception.

Results:

Results showed that students were less likely to perceive a neurotransmitter imbalance to cause mental illness, as opposed to what was emphasized during a formal medical education. Students and residents also understood the importance of factors such as systemic racism and socioeconomic status in the development of mental illness, which were factors that did not receive heavy emphasis during medical education. Furthermore, students and residents believed that not only did mental illnesses have nonuniform pathologies, but that the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders also had the propensity to sometimes arbitrarily categorize individuals with potentially negative consequences.

Conclusions:

If these notions are therefore part of students’ and residents’ conceptions, as well as documented in the literature, then it seems appropriate for medical education to be further developed to emphasize these ideas.
Prevalence of Early Minor and Major Complications After Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty According to the Pathology in Treatment and Comorbidities
Authors: Almeida Alexandre , Piluski Paulo César Faiad , Lech Osvandré Luiz Canfield , Carvalho Eurico Rafael Gonçalves , Rodrigues Carlos Castilhos , de Almeida Letícia Agostini
Published: April 2017

Objective

To assess the prevalence of early minor and major complications (MMC) of reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) according to the underlying pathology responsible for the surgical indication.

Methods

Between August 2009 and September 2015, 75 shoulders were submitted to RSA. Revision surgeries and patients with less than 2 months of follow-up were excluded. We analyzed 72 shoulders. The cuff tear arthropathy (CTA) represented 56.9% of cases and proximal humeral 4-part fractures (4PF) represented 13.8%. The index of MMC was analyzed according to the indication of basic pathology and the presence of rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus, and obesity.

Results

The evaluation was performed with a median of 11.5 months. Minor complications were found in 14 patients (19.4%) and major complications in 29 patients (40.3%). The statistical analysis was performed adding the contents of MMC—47.2%. In CTA patients, there were 43.9% (18/41) of MMC. In all other joint diseases, there were 51.6% (16/31) MMC. There was no statistical difference in the prevalence of MMC among the cases of CTA and the other diseases. There was a tendency, although not significant, of lower prevalence of MMC in cases of 4PF compared to CTA patients. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes mellitus did not present with a higher prevalence of MMC, and obesity significantly increased the prevalence of MMC.

Conclusion

It was not possible to demonstrate a higher prevalence of MMC according to the pathology being treated. The presence of obesity significantly increased the prevalence of MMC. Rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes mellitus did not increase the prevalence of MMC.
Pembrolizumab in patients with CLL and Richter transformation or with relapsed CLL
Authors: Ding Wei , LaPlant Betsy R. , Call Timothy G. , Parikh Sameer A. , Leis Jose F. , He Rong , Shanafelt Tait D. , Sinha Sutapa , Le-Rademacher Jennifer , Feldman Andrew L. , Habermann Thomas M. , Witzig Thomas E. , Wiseman Gregory A. , Lin Yi , Asmus Erik , Nowakowski Grzegorz S. , Conte Michael J. , Bowen Deborah A. , Aitken Casey N. , Van Dyke Daniel L. , Greipp Patricia T. , Liu Xin , Wu Xiaosheng , Zhang Henan , Secreto Charla R. , Tian Shulan , Braggio Esteban , Wellik Linda E. , Micallef Ivana , Viswanatha David S. , Yan Huihuang , Chanan-Khan Asher A. , Kay Neil E. , Dong Haidong , Ansell Stephen M.
Published: April 2017

Key Points

Pembrolizumab was first shown to be clinically active in CLL patients with RT. PD-1 and PD-L1 expression in tumor microenvironment are promising biomarkers to select RT patients for PD-1 blockade.
Intermittent Grids
Authors: Pinkus Karen
Published: April 2017

Today in the developed world, even among those most committed to decarbonization, intermittency (let alone massive disruption) of the grid is simply unthinkable. Demand for (clean) electricity is growing all over the globe. This essay summons images, strategies, and tactics from Italy of the 1960s to help think about the (electrical) grid in the time of climate change. To be sure, theorists, activists, and artists associated with radical movements in Italy perceived of their primary struggle as between labor and capital, workers and the Fordist factory. Environmental concerns were not central to the movements' most revolutionary phases. Actors in the workerism (operaismo) or Autonomia movements could not be expected to have knowledge of the effects of accelerated greenhouse gas emissions. Still, they inspire alternatives to the (weak) reformist models being proposed to chip away at carbon emissions today. Their work might push us toward undoing the massive infrastructures of the grid to think about other ways of living together in a time of tipping points, transitions, and catastrophic effects.
Multi-standards metadata cataloguing tools for Ocean Observatories
Authors: BARDE J. , DESCONNETS J. C. , EGDINGTON D. , HEURTEAUX V.
Published: April 2017

no abstract
Methodic of Assessing the Elements of Audited Entity�s Internal Control System of the Tax SystemTEM
Authors: �������  , Kireeva Viktoriya
Published: April 2017

Today the problem being investigated is not enough presented in the scientific literature. The author off ers and describes developed methodic of assessing the elements of audited entity�s internal control system of the tax system, that includes 6 stages.
Polysaturated with culture: what probiotics do for us
Authors: Winter George
Published: April 2017

George Winter, freelance journalist and Fellow of the Institute of Biomedical Science, looks at the history of research into the health benefits of probiotics
Child health nurses' experiences of language assessment in children: A Swedish study
Authors: Johansson Caroline , Berggren Ingela
Published: April 2017

The aim of this study was to discover Swedish child healthcare (CHC) nurses' experiences of language assessment in children who do not have Swedish as their mother tongue. A CHC nurse has qualifications in child health, and their role is to promote good health and prevent illness. As immigration to Sweden is at the highest level ever recorded ( Statistics Sweden, 2014 ), there is an increasing need for language assessment. In this study, ‘mother tongue’ is defined as the language a child learns first, which is synonymous with the term ‘first language’ ( Oxford Learner's Dictionaries, 2016 ). The CHC nurses in this study were Swedish-speaking, but conducted speech and language assessments among children who did not speak Swedish; for example, who had a mother tongue other than Swedish. It is important to acquire knowledge of CHC nurses' experiences of language assessment.
Pakistan’s devolved family planning services : poor governance may be the main issue
Authors: Rehman Seema , Ahmed Faiza
Published: April 2017

Regardless of the declining rates of fertility in the late twentieth century, the population growth rate in Pakistan is the highest in the region and only surpassed by sub-Saharan Africa across the globe. The main reasons are access for poor women in villages due to shortage of outlets and outreach programs and poor service provision due to lack of equipment, inefficiency to retain staff and overload of other responsibilities like polio campaign. A fear of side effects, health concerns, low female literacy rate, weak women autonomy and high mortality rates are important deterrents from usage of family planning services. Researchers have summed up the difficulties of Pakistan in this matter as, “a reluctance or inability to translate reproductive preferences into appropriate behaviour.” The government and ministries mutual cooperation in articulating policies helps in role clarification with respect to population planning. Advocacy at the district, provincial and federal levels is required counselled by medical research along with social objectives by liaising with states with experience of tackling the same issue to analyze performances based on accomplishment of specific FP indicators.
Storms in the universe and in the laboratory: the global connexion
Authors: Maeder André
Published: April 2017

This article is a synthesis of four contributions on storms in the universe and in the laboratory, which cover a broad range of topics ranging from the shape of galaxies, the giant flares in the solar wind,
the lightning strikes around giant towers to the transport of materials in braided rivers. At first sight, such varied matters and storms of different nature and scales appear to have little in common.
However, a closer look shows that these four innovative works on storms offer an excellent illustration of three fundamental concepts: i) the stormy relations between life on Earth and the universe; ii)
the existence of unstable equilibria on Earth and other planets; and iii) the existence of similar basic equations governing the internal motions of galaxies, meteorological storms, and turbulences in rivers.
Morphologische Dynamik in Flußabschnitten mit großer Breite
Authors: Marti Christian , Bezzola Gian Reto
Published: April 2017

Sustainable flood protection aims to give more space to channelised rivers. Our research looks at the capacity of widening river sections to enhance flood control and increase ecosystem diversity. Conventional
approaches to determine the bed load transport capacity and discharge often yield inadequate results since they mostly rely on one-dimensional models. This article presents a flume study that allows for
a better understanding of observations in nature. It is shown that the bed load input exerts at least as much influence on the river morphology as the discharge regime. A braided river morphology, often
desired for ecological reasons, requires sufficient bed load supply. Therefore, it may be necessary to increase bed load input from upstream side brooks and to allow or promote lateral erosion.
Metaphern in der naturwissenschaftlichen Forschung
Authors: Sarasin Philipp
Published: April 2017

Conventional wisdom tells us metaphors and science are contradictory. Science is seen to be based on well-defined concepts and formula, while metaphors - as most scientists believe - belong to the language
of literature and everyday life. Such an epistemological position is doubtful: Metaphors can be conceived as a sort of "vague" concept to frame something yet unconceived in nature; they function like a
"filter" which shows us new aspects of natural phenomena by disguising other aspects. Metaphors are part of our language in which we describe nature; they remind us that every science is based on a symbolic
system which is not "absolute" or "true" - simply because it has a history and is subject to historical change. Accordingly, metaphors are inevitable in most scientific cognition processes.
Isomorphism classes for higher order tangent bundles
Authors: Suri Ali
Published: April 2017

The tangent bundle TkM of order k of a smooth Banach manifold M consists of all equivalence classes of curves that agree up to their accelerations of order k. In previous work the author proved that TkM, 1 ≤ k ≤∞, admits a vector bundle structure on M if and only if M is endowed with a linear connection, or equivalently if a connection map on TkM is defined. This bundle structure depends heavily on the choice of the connection. In this paper we ask about the extent to which this vector bundle structure remains isomorphic. To this end we define the k-th order differential Tkg : TkM ⟶ TkN for a given differentiable map g between manifolds M and N. As we shall see, Tkg becomes a vector bundle morphism if the base manifolds are endowed with g-related connections. In particular, replacing a connection with a g-related one, where g : M ⟶ M is a diffeomorphism, one obtains invariant vector bundle structures. Finally, using immersions on Hilbert manifolds, convex combinations of connection maps and manifolds of Cr
maps we offer three examples for our theory, showing its interaction with known problems such as the Sasaki lift of metrics.
Young Stars in the Camelopardalis Dust and Molecular Clouds. VI. YSOs Verified by Spitzer and Akari Infrared Photometry
Authors: Straižys V. , Kazlauskas A.
Published: April 2017

Using photometric data of infrared surveys, young stellar object (YSO) status is verified for 141 objects selected in our previous papers in the Cassiopeia and Camelopardalis segment of the Milky Way bounded by Galactic coordinates (l, b) = (132-158°, ±12°). The area includes the known star- forming regions in the emission nebulae W3, W4 and W5 and the massive YSO AFGL490. Spectral energy distribution (SED) curves between 700 nm and 160 μm, constructed from the GSC 2, 2MASS, IRAS, MSX, Spitzer and AKARI data, are used to estimate the evolutionary stages of these stars. We confirm the YSO status for most of the objects. If all of the investigated objects were YSOs, 45% of them should belong to Class I, 41% to class II and 14% to Class III. However, SEDs of some of these objects can be affected by nearby extended infrared sources, like compact H II regions, infrared clusters or dusty galaxies.
Karhunen-Loève Basis Functions Of Kolmogorov Turbulence In The Sphere (Baltic Astronomy, 17, 383, 2008, Erratum)
Authors: Mathar Richard J.
Published: April 2017

The previously published factor, which scales the matrix elements of the eigenvalue equation as a finite outer scale of the von-Kármán model is switched on, is corrected.
Some Diptera newly recorded from Ukraine
Authors: Oboňa Jozef , Dvořák Libor , Manko Peter , Mariychuk Ruslan , Starý Jaroslav , Tkoč Michal
Published: April 2017

Results of faunistic research of eight selected dipteran families (Bibionidae, Blephariceridae, Dixidae, Limoniidae, Pediciidae, Platypezidae, Ptychopteridae, and Rhagionidae) in the Uzh River Basin (Ukraine) are presented thanks to the support by the FAN (B) - Förderkreis für allgemeine Naturkunde (Biologie) in the framework of the project “Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Diptera biodiversity trip along the Uzh river, Ukraine”. Altogether 16 species are recorded as new to the fauna of Ukraine in the present paper. One species is newly recorded of the families Blephariceridae, Pediciidae, and Ptychopteridae, and two species each of the families Limoniidae and Bibionidae. Three species each belong to the families Dixidae, Platypezidae, and Rhagionidae.
Schellings Philosophische Briefe über Dogmatismus und Kriticismus
Authors: Pedro Teresa
Published: April 2017

The aim of the paper is to offer a pragmatic interpretation of Schelling’s Philosophical Letters on Dogmatism and Criticism by pointing out some important similarities with James’s Pragmatism. A New Name for Some Old Ways of Thinking. Both authors share the assumption that fundamental philosophical conflicts cannot receive a theoretical solution. Most notably, I interpret Schelling’s idea of the two different ‘demands’ (Forderungen) that result from the two philosophical systems of dogmatism and criticism, as being similar to James’s idea of ‘practical consequences’ of a theoretical statement. Both Schelling’s conception of the ‘demand’ and James’s idea of ‘practical consequences’ fulfil a double function: they bring the crucial point of disagreement between opposite philosophical positions to light and open the possibility of settling the conflict. I argue that a pragmatic interpretation of Schelling helps in better understanding his specific conception of the primacy of the practical.
Surgical data science: the new knowledge domain
Authors: Vedula S. Swaroop , Hager Gregory D.
Published: April 2017

Healthcare in general, and surgery/interventional care in particular, is evolving through rapid advances in technology and increasing complexity of care, with the goal of maximizing the quality and value of care. Whereas innovations in diagnostic and therapeutic technologies have driven past improvements in the quality of surgical care, future transformation in care will be enabled by data. Conventional methodologies, such as registry studies, are limited in their scope for discovery and research, extent and complexity of data, breadth of analytical techniques, and translation or integration of research findings into patient care. We foresee the emergence of surgical/interventional data science (SDS) as a key element to addressing these limitations and creating a sustainable path toward evidence-based improvement of interventional healthcare pathways. SDS will create tools to measure, model, and quantify the pathways or processes within the context of patient health states or outcomes and use information gained to inform healthcare decisions, guidelines, best practices, policy, and training, thereby improving the safety and quality of healthcare and its value. Data are pervasive throughout the surgical care pathway; thus, SDS can impact various aspects of care, including prevention, diagnosis, intervention, or postoperative recovery. The existing literature already provides preliminary results, suggesting how a data science approach to surgical decision-making could more accurately predict severe complications using complex data from preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative contexts, how it could support intraoperative decision-making using both existing knowledge and continuous data streams throughout the surgical care pathway, and how it could enable effective collaboration between human care providers and intelligent technologies. In addition, SDS is poised to play a central role in surgical education, for example, through objective assessments, automated virtual coaching, and robot-assisted active learning of surgical skill. However, the potential for transforming surgical care and training through SDS may only be realized through a cultural shift that not only institutionalizes technology to seamlessly capture data but also assimilates individuals with expertise in data science into clinical research teams. Furthermore, collaboration with industry partners from the inception of the discovery process promotes optimal design of data products as well as their efficient translation and commercialization. As surgery continues to evolve through advances in technology that enhance delivery of care, SDS represents a new knowledge domain to engineer surgical care of the future.
The subjectivity of older adults in the late works of eminent creators
Authors: Straś-Romanowska Maria M.
Published: April 2017

This article shows - in the light of personalistic psychology - the subjective features of old people which are manifested in the works of eminent creators. The progress of inner subjectivity is shown as a specific developmental tendency. It is characterized by reflection, concentration on one’s own experiences, remembrances and encapsulating life events. It is readily observable that old creators are open to spiritual values and that melancholy is a predominant mood in their creation.
Can Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Improve Muscle Power in Individuals With Advanced Weight-Training Experience?
Authors: Lattari Eduardo , Campos Carlos , Lamego Murilo Khede , Legey Sandro , Neto Geraldo Maranhão , Rocha Nuno Barbosa , Oliveira Aldair José , Carpenter Carlos Sandro , Machado Sérgio
Published: April 2017

Lattari, E, Campos, C, Lamego, MK, Legey, S, Neto, GM, Rocha, NB, Oliveira, AJ, Carpenter, CS, and Machado, S. Can transcranial direct current stimulation improve muscle power in individuals with advanced weight-training experience? J Strength Cond Res 34(1): 97–103, 2020—The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on countermovement jump (CMJ) performance in men with advanced strength-training experience. Ten healthy male subjects with advanced strength training and squatting exercise experience were included. Participants took part in an initial visit to the laboratory to complete anthropometric measurements and CMJ kinematic test-retest reliability. Participants then completed 3 experimental conditions, 48–72 hours apart, in a randomized, double-blinded crossover design: anodal, cathodal, and sham-tDCS (2 mA for 20 minutes targeting the motor cortex bilaterally). Participants completed 3 CMJ tests before and after each experimental condition, with 1-minute recovery interval between each test. The best CMJ in each moment was selected for analysis. Two-way (condition by moment) repeated measures analysis of variance was performed for CMJ height, flight time (FT), and muscular peak power (PP). Effect sizes and interindividual variability of tDCS responses were also analyzed. There was a significant condition by moment interaction for all outcome measures, with a large prepost increase in CMJ height, FT, and PP in the anodal condition. All the participants displayed CMJ performance improvements after the anodal condition. There were no significant differences in both cathodal and sham conditions. Anodal tDCS may be a valuable tool to enhance muscle power–related tasks performance, which is extremely relevant for sports that require vertical jumping ability. Anodal tDCS may also be used to support strength training, enhancing its effects on performance-oriented outcome measures.
Біохімічні показники сироватки крові телят за введення їм імунопрофілактичних засобів проти пневмококової інфекції
Authors: Kissera Ya.V. , Storchak Yu.G.
Published: April 2017

Given that the main role in ensuring sufficient immunobiological reactivity and resistance of the animal organism is given to optimal provision of the need for these animals in vitamins, macro- and microelements, and inadequate vitamin, mineral, including micromineral nutrition causes in animals the disturbance of the immune system function, reduces the resistance of the organism to infections, increases the number of chronic diseases, the question arose about the development of a new preventive and immunostimulating means. A special place in the pathologies and low resistance of the animal organism to bacterial diseases is the deficit of Ferum, Selenium and a number of vitamins in the diet of animals. The results of the determination of biochemical parameters of blood serum of young cattle after injection of specific means for preventing pneumococcal infection are given in the article: the inactivated vaccine against streptococcal and staphylococcal infections of animals, the developed prophylactic drug Pnevmo-Pro, and Pnevmo-Pro in combination with immunostimulant Selefer. The obtained results of studies showed an increase in the basic biochemical parameters of blood serum of experimental animals after the injection of prophylactic agents: the content of total protein, albumins, an increase in the concentrations of Calcium, Phosphorus and Ferum. The developed preventive agent «Pnevmo-Pro» in its composition contains two components: Streptococcus pneumoniae and alcohol-water extract of propolis, which has antiinflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Experimental studies have shown that propolis, due to its antiinflammatory and antioxidant properties, prevents the development of pneumonia. Despite the presence of antibacterial properties, prolonged use of propolis does not lead to dysbiosis. The expediency of using immunoprophylactic drugs in combination with organic immunostimulants is proved in order to increase the resistance of animals in biogeochemical zones, endemic for a number of microelements.
Визначення динаміки погодних умов протягом календарного року в прибережних ділянках акваторії Одеської затоки з метою утримання морських ссавців у відкритих вольєрах
Authors: Kobzar T.A. , Mazovskaya S.V.
Published: April 2017

The article provides data about the dynamics of weather conditions in the coastal water areas of Odessa Bay by the year. The research was conducted within the framework of the advanced study of research center of the armed forces of Ukraine «State Oceanarium» with the aim of determining the optimal location of open enclosures for marine mammals in coastal waters. In accordance with the requirements of operating leading documents, on maintenance marine mammals in the conditions of captivity, the open constructions of cages must take place in the clean natural waters, assuredly protected from storms, surf wave and influence of anthropogenic pollution. Undertaken studies the official figures given by the Hydrometeorological center of the Black and Azov seas (the State service of Ukraine for emergency situations) on the dynamics of air temperature and sea water, changes in weather conditions in coastal areas of the water area of Odessa Bay in recent years. In times of researches, in this district there were maximal increases of air temperature to 38.1 °C and sea water to 28.6 °C in summer, which exceeds possible norms for maintenance of dolphins in the conditions of open water areas. The largest decrease in air temperature in winter was recorded in January and February. Accordingly, the temperature of sea water went down and noted the appearance of floating ice shape. This fact is also very unfavorable, on condition of maintenance of marine mammals in the open waters in winter. This fact is also very unfavorable, under condition of marine mammals in the open waters in winter. Constructing open-air cages for marine animals must necessarily include a measure of the maximal strength of the wind and the main directions on the investigated areas. According to the obtained data, there is only seasonal maintenance of marine animals in open-air cages can be applied in the district of waters of the Odessa Bay. The alternative decision of this question can be the combined type of maintenance: moving of marine animals in the apartment of the covered pool with the natural cleared sea water, at the considerable decline of temperature of air and the formation of ice in winter or at disparity of sea water to the main sanitary and epidemiological requirements.
Saúde, Religião e Trânsito Religioso: Estudo Pró-Saúde
Authors: Nunes Ana Paula , Mariz Cecília , Faerstein Eduardo
Published: April 2017

RESUMO Embora pesquisas qualitativas apontem para uma relação entre mudança de religião e busca por saúde e superação de doenças e do sofrimento em geral, há pouca produção de dados quantitativos sobre o tema. Esse artigo pretende preencher em parte essa lacuna analisando os resultados de um estudo epidemiológico com funcionários públicos no Rio de Janeiro (Estudo Pró-Saúde) em 1999. Dos 3.562 indivíduos pesquisados, 62% mantiveram a religião em que foram criados, 26% mudaram de religião, e 12% mudaram para “sem religião”. O trânsito religioso, variável derivada da comparação entre religião de criação e religião declarada à época da pesquisa, foi marcado por crescimento de kardecistas e do grupo “sem religião”. Para verificar a associação entre a variável autopercepção da saúde e as variáveis identidade religiosa e trânsito religioso, foi realizada uma análise estatística ajustada por variáveis sociais e demográficas. Observou-se uma chance 40% mais elevada de uma autopercepção da saúde “regular ou ruim” estar associada à mudança de religião, quando comparada à autopercepção de saúde “boa ou muito boa”, independentemente de idade, sexo e escolaridade.
CUSTOMIZED GUIDE FOR FEMORAL COMPONENT POSITIONING IN HIP RESURFACING ARTHROPLASTY
Authors: Pornrattanamaneewong Chaturong , Narkbunnam Rapeepat , Chareancholvanich Keerati
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: To prove the accuracy of a customized guide developed according to our method. Methods: This customized guide was developed from a three-dimensional model of proximal femur reconstructed using computed tomography data. Based on the new technique, the position of the guide pin insertion was selected and adjusted using the reference of the anatomical femoral neck axis. The customized guide consists of a hemispheric covering designed to fit the posterior part of the femoral neck. The performance of the customized guide was tested in eight patients scheduled for total hip arthroplasty. The stability of the customized guide was assessed by orthopedic surgeons. An intraoperative image intensifier was used to assess the accuracy. Results: The customized guide was stabilized with full contact and was fixed in place in all patients. The mean angular deviations in relation to the what was planned in anteroposterior and lateral hip radiographs were 0.5º ± 1.8º in valgus and 1.0º ± 2.4º in retroversion, respectively. Conclusion: From this pilot test, the authors suggest that the proposed technique could be applied as a customized guide to the positioning device for hip resurfacing arthroplasty with acceptable accuracy and user-friendly interface. Level of Evidence IV, Cases Series.
Regionalização no SUS: uma revisão crítica
Authors: Fernandes Fernando Manuel Bessa
Published: April 2017

Resumo O artigo tem por objeto a produção científica sobre o tema da Regionalização da Saúde em periódicos brasileiros indexados no SciELO. Objetivo Revisar tal produção, trabalhando os resultados como subsídios para gestores na tomada de decisão e também para o processo de análise da produção acadêmica sobre a temática. Método Busca na base de dados online de artigos no SciELO, utilizando-se 02/06/2016 como corte temporal, ‘regionalização’ e ‘saúde’ como termos pesquisados e todos os índices como ‘abrangência da pesquisa’. Identificou-se 102 referências, cujos resumos foram analisados, chegando-se a 70 artigos que, efetivamente, discutem a regionalização da saúde no Brasil. Encontrou-se 4 artigos em periódicos fora da área da saúde. Análise Critérios institucionais (periódico, área temática, data da publicação, abrangência, quantidade de autores) e categorias analíticas criadas pelo autor – Tipo 1, envolvendo “Estudos Exploratórios” (26), “Estudos Avaliativos” (6), “Estudos Comparados” (3) e “Relatos de Experiência” (5); Tipo 2, abrangendo “Textos Teóricos-Analíticos” (20) e “Revisões Histórico-Conceituais” (4); Tipo 3, com “Editoriais” (3) e “Resenhas de Livros” (3). Resultados A regionalização tem repercussão nos periódicos a partir de 2010. Predominam artigos na categoria de Tipo 1.
Austeridade, predominância privada e falha de governo na saúde
Authors: Costa Nilson do Rosário
Published: April 2017

Resumo O trabalho apresenta os argumentos favoráveis à intervenção governamental no financiamento e na regulação na área de saúde. Descreve o arranjo organizacional do sistema de saúde brasileiro para refletir sobre a agenda da austeridade proposta para o país. Com base na literatura da economia da saúde, o artigo discute a hipótese de que o setor saúde no Brasil funciona sob a dominância privada. Utiliza as categorias de análise das despesas nacionais com saúde. Os dados são analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. A comparação internacional dos indicadores de despesas com saúde mostra que a participação do gasto público brasileiro na saúde é pouco expressivo. Os gastos por desembolso direto são elevados e comprometem a equidade. O setor de planos privados de saúde desempenha um papel crucial na provisão e no financiamento. Ao contrário da crença da agenda da austeridade, a despesa pública não pode ser constrangida porque o governo tem fracassado na provisão adequada de serviços aos pobres. O artigo argumenta que, como a Constituição não vetou a atuação do segmento privado, os interesses com maior capacidade de vocalização foram bem sucedidos em impor as suas preferências na configuração do setor.
Gerenciamento do Ponto de Corte na Concessão do Crédito Direto ao Consumidor
Authors: Crespi Júnior Hugo , Perera Luiz Carlos Jacob , Kerr Roberto Borges
Published: April 2017

Resumo O crédito direto ao consumidor é concedido de forma massificada por meio de modelos informatizados de credit scoring que visam eliminar os maus pagadores, assim evitando prejuízos financeiros decorrentes da inadimplência. No entanto, ao recusarem os maus pagadores, esses modelos, balanceados por critérios meramente financeiros, também recusam um grande número de bons pagadores, o que pode reduzir o potencial de ganhos da empresa varejista. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo mostrar que, incluindo a margem operacional para definir o ponto de corte para concessão de crédito, a rentabilidade da empresa pode melhorar. Foram utilizadas a medida estatística Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) e a abordagem de Stein (2005) para construir simulações em torno de valores reais praticados no mercado, as quais permitiram confirmar que, ao flexibilizar o ponto de corte levando em consideração a margem operacional, o resultado geral da empresa pode ser maximizado.
Informações on-line como suporte às famílias de crianças e adolescentes com doença crônica
Authors: Mazza Verônica de Azevedo , Lima Vanessa Ferreira de , Carvalho Ana Karoline da Silva , Weissheimer Gisele , Soares Larissa Gramazio
Published: April 2017

RESUMO Objetivo Descrever o uso de informações on-line como suporte às famílias de crianças e adolescentes com doença crônica. Método Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa realizada no mês de agosto de 2015, com busca on-line nas bases de dados: PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature e Science Direct. Resultados Foram selecionados doze estudos de 293 encontrados. Após análise, elencaram-se duas categorias: Potencialidades do uso de informações on-line às famílias de crianças e adolescentes com doença crônica e Fragilidades do uso de informações on-line às famílias de crianças e adolescentes com doença crônica. Conclusões A Internet oferece amplitude de informações que subsidiam as famílias no gerenciamento do cuidado às crianças e aos adolescentes com enfermidades crônicas, no entanto, ainda possui particularidades que precisam ser analisadas durante a utilização desta rede virtual.
Capacitação de enfermeiros na utilização de um instrumento de avaliação de delirium
Authors: Souza Regina Cláudia da Silva , Bersaneti Mariana Davies Ribeiro , Siqueira Ellen Maria Pires , Meira Luciana , Brumatti Daiana Lepre , Prado Nilda Rosa de Oliveira
Published: April 2017

RESUMO Objetivo Narrar a experiência de capacitação de enfermeiros para implementação da avaliação sistematizada do delirium pelo método do Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit. Método Relato de experiência que abrangeu as etapas de diagnóstico situacional, planejamento, capacitação da equipe e avaliação da implementação do instrumento entre janeiro e março de 2013 com enfermeiros de uma UTI de um hospital terciário do município de São Paulo. Resultados A implementação da avaliação, utilizando o Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit, obteve uma adesão significativa dos enfermeiros e se tornou um indicador de assistência. Considerações finais A experiência demonstrou que essa avaliação possibilita analisar os resultados do processo de trabalho e a transformação consequente das iniciativas no cotidiano.
Third molars and premolars extraction in conventional orthodontics and in treatments based on maxillary bone remodeling with temporary anchorage: indications and care
Authors: Consolaro Alberto
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT A bone is an anatomic structure in constant remodeling, with different, mutant and wonderfully inconstant designs. With every new and immediate functional demand, there are changes in cortical thickness, trabecular bone density and also in direction and size of trabeculae. Bones' non-stopping search is for adjusting to the functions induced by forces and movements required by a certain life style. Conventional orthodontic planning or with temporary anchorage based on bone remodeling takes into consideration the spaces that are - or may be - occupied by the teeth, in the formation of a functional and esthetic dental arch for the patient. In case it is necessary to extract a tooth and the options are the third molars, partially or totally unerupted, and teeth that belong to other dental groups, obviousness recommends - due to mouth anatomy and physiology, as well as pathologic reasons - extracting the third molars, due to of the several reasons described in the present study.
Deformation of nickel-titanium closed coil springs: an in vitro study
Authors: Vieira Camilla Ivini Viana , Reis José Maurício dos Santos Nunes , Vaz Luiz Geraldo , Martins Lídia Parsekian , Martins Renato Parsekian
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this paper was to determine the amount of deformation in four commercial brands of nickel-titanium closed springs. Methods: A total of 130 springs were divided into 13 subgroups, according to their features and manufacturers (Morelli, Orthometric, Ormco and GAC) and activated from 100% to 1000% of the effective length of the nickel-titanium portion present at the spring, at 37 °C. Deactivation data were plotted and deformation was found graphically. The values were compared by analysis of variance and Tukey's post-hoc test. Results: Springs manufactured by Morelli had the same amount of deformation when they were activated up to 700% of Y activation; springs by Orthometric had the same amount of deformation up to 600-700% of Y; springs by Ormco had the same amount of deformation up to 700-800% of Y; and finally, the majority of springs by GAC had similar deformation up to 800%-1000% of activation. All springs tested could be activated up to 700% without rupture. Conclusions: Most subgroups were similarly deformed up to 700% of activation, without rupture of springs. Subgroups 4B, 4C, 4D and 4E showed the same amount of deformation up to 1000% of activation without any rupture at all.