bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION OF DATA APPLICABILITY FOR D-INSAR IN AREAS COVERED BY ABUNDANT VEGETATION
Authors: Zhang P. , Zhao Z.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. In the past few years, the frequent geological disasters have caused enormous casualties and economic losses. Therefore, D-InSAR (differential interferometry synthetic aperture radar) has been widely used in early-warning and post disaster assessment. However, large area of decorrelation often occurs in the areas covered with abundant vegetation, which seriously affects the accuracy of surface deformation monitoring. In this paper, we analysed the effect of sensor parameters and external environment parameters on special decorrelation. Then Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) datasets acquired by X-band TerraSAR-X, Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Satellite-2 (ALOS-2), and C-band Sentinel-1 in Guizhou province were collected and analysed to generate the maps of coherence, which were used to evaluating the applicability of datasets of different wavelengths for D-InSAR in forest area. Finally, we found that datasets acquired by ALOS-2 had the best monitoring effect.
SPACE-AIR-GROUND CO-OBSERVATION IN WATERSHED MANAGEMENT: THE ESTABLISHMENT OF SYSTEM
Authors: Zhong L. , Yu J. , Tang X. , Pan S.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. To realize real-time, detailed, and standardized watershed monitoring and management, a dynamic monitoring system is proposed, at all levels (space, air, and ground), by comprehensively utilizing advanced satellite and low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technologies The system can be used to monitor and manage all kinds of sensitive water targets. This study takes water administration enforcement as an example for proving it feasibility by selecting typical study areas. This study shows that the proposed system is a promising information acquisition means, contributing to the development of watershed management.
BLOCK ADJUSTMENT AND IMAGE MATCHING OF WORLDVIEW-3 STEREO PAIRS AND ACCURACY EVALUATION
Authors: Zuo C. , Xiao X. , Hou Q. , Li B.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. WorldView-3, as a high-resolution commercial earth observation satellite, which is launched by Digital Global, provides panchromatic imagery of 0.31 m resolution. The positioning accuracy is less than 3.5 meter CE90 without ground control, which can use for large scale topographic mapping. This paper presented the block adjustment for WorldView-3 based on RPC model and achieved the accuracy of 1 : 2000 scale topographic mapping with few control points. On the base of stereo orientation result, this paper applied two kinds of image matching algorithm for DSM extraction: LQM and SGM. Finally, this paper compared the accuracy of the point cloud generated by the two image matching methods with the reference data which was acquired by an airborne laser scanner. The results showed that the RPC adjustment model of WorldView-3 image with small number of GCPs could satisfy the requirement of Chinese Surveying and Mapping regulations for 1 : 2000 scale topographic maps. And the point cloud result obtained through WorldView-3 stereo image matching had higher elevation accuracy, the RMS error of elevation for bare ground area is 0.45 m, while for buildings the accuracy can almost reach 1 meter.
A NEW GRADUATION ALGORITHM FOR COLOR BALANCE OF REMOTE SENSING IMAGE
Authors: Zhou G. , Liu X. , Yue T. , Wang Q. , Sha H. , Huang S. , Pan Q.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. In order to expand the field of view to obtain more data and information when doing research on remote sensing image, workers always need to mosaicking images together. However, the image after mosaic always has the large color differences and produces the gap line. This paper based on the graduation algorithm of tarigonometric function proposed a new algorithm of Two Quarter-rounds Curves (TQC). The paper uses the Gaussian filter to solve the program about the image color noise and the gap line. The paper used one of Greenland compiled data acquired in 1963 from Declassified Intelligence Photography Project (DISP) by ARGON KH-5 satellite, and used the photography of North Gulf, China, by Landsat satellite to experiment. The experimental results show that the proposed method has improved the accuracy of the results in two parts: on the one hand, for the large color differences remote sensing image will become more balanced. On the other hands, the remote sensing image will achieve more smooth transition.
AN ISOMETRIC MAPPING BASED CO-LOCATION DECISION TREE ALGORITHM
Authors: Zhou G. , Wei J. , Zhou X. , Zhang R. , Huang W. , Sha H. , Chen J.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Decision tree (DT) induction has been widely used in different pattern classification. However, most traditional DTs have the disadvantage that they consider only non-spatial attributes (ie, spectral information) as a result of classifying pixels, which can result in objects being misclassified. Therefore, some researchers have proposed a co-location decision tree (Cl-DT) method, which combines co-location and decision tree to solve the above the above-mentioned traditional decision tree problems. Cl-DT overcomes the shortcomings of the existing DT algorithms, which create a node for each value of a given attribute, which has a higher accuracy than the existing decision tree approach. However, for non-linearly distributed data instances, the euclidean distance between instances does not reflect the true positional relationship between them. In order to overcome these shortcomings, this paper proposes an isometric mapping method based on Cl-DT (called, (Isomap-based Cl-DT), which is a method that combines heterogeneous and Cl-DT together. Because isometric mapping methods use geodetic distances instead of Euclidean distances between non-linearly distributed instances, the true distance between instances can be reflected. The experimental results and several comparative analyzes show that: (1) The extraction method of exposed carbonate rocks is of high accuracy. (2) The proposed method has many advantages, because the total number of nodes, the number of leaf nodes and the number of nodes are greatly reduced compared to Cl-DT. Therefore, the Isomap -based Cl-DT algorithm can construct a more accurate and faster decision tree.
DEFORMATION MONITORING AND ANALYSIS OF LSP LANDSLIDE BASED ON GBINSAR
Authors: Zhou L. , Guo J. , Yang F.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Monitoring and analyzing the deformation of the river landslide in city to master the deformation law of landslide, which is an important means of landslide safety assessment. In this paper, aiming at the stability of the Liu Sha Peninsula Landslide during its strengthening process after the landslide disaster. Continuous and high precision deformation monitoring of the landslide was carried out by GBInSAR technique. Meanwhile, the two-dimensional deformation time series pictures of the landslide body were retrieved by the time series analysis method. The deformation monitoring and analysis results show that the reinforcement belt on the landslide body was basically stable and the deformation of most PS points on the reinforcement belt was within 1 mm. The deformation of most areas on the landslide body was basically within 4 mm, and the deformation presented obvious nonlinear changes. GBInSAR technique can quickly and effectively obtain the entire deformation information of the river landslide and the evolution process of deformation.
STEREO IMAGE DENSE MATCHING BY INTEGRATING SIFT AND SGM ALGORITHM
Authors: Zhou Y. , Song Y. , Lu J.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Semi-global matching(SGM) performs the dynamic programming by treating the different path directions equally. It does not consider the impact of different path directions on cost aggregation, and with the expansion of the disparity search range, the accuracy and efficiency of the algorithm drastically decrease. This paper presents a dense matching algorithm by integrating SIFT and SGM. It takes the successful matching pairs matched by SIFT as control points to direct the path in dynamic programming with truncating error propagation. Besides, matching accuracy can be improved by using the gradient direction of the detected feature points to modify the weights of the paths in different directions. The experimental results based on Middlebury stereo data sets and CE-3 lunar data sets demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can effectively cut off the error propagation, reduce disparity search range and improve matching accuracy.
ANALYZING THE VELOCITY OF VEGETATION PHENOLOGY OVER THE TIBETAN PLATEAU USING GIMMS NDVI3g DATA
Authors: Zhou Y. K.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Global environmental change is rapidly altering the dynamics of terrestrial vegetation, and phenology is a classic proxy to detect the response of vegetation to the changes. On the Tibetan Plateau, the earlier spring and delayed autumn vegetation phenology is widely reported. Remotely sensed NDVI can serve as a good data source for vegetation phenology study. Here GIMMS NDVI3g data was used to detect vegetation phenology status on the Tibetan Plateau. The spatial and temporal gradients are combined to depict the velocity of vegetation expanding process. This velocity index represents the instantaneous local velocity along the Earth’s surface needed to maintain constant vegetation condition. This study found that NDVI velocity show a complex spatial pattern. A considerable number of regions display a later starting of growing season (SOS) and earlier end of growing season (EOS) reflected by the velocity change, particularly in the central part of the plateau. Nearly 74 % vegetation experienced a shortened growing season length. Totally, the magnitude of the phenology velocity is at a small level that reveals there is not a significant variation of vegetation phenology under the climate change context.
STUDIES AND APPLICATION OF REMOTE SENSING RETRIEVAL METHOD OF SOIL MOISTURE CONTENT IN LAND PARCEL UNITS IN IRRIGATION AREA
Authors: Zhu H. , Zhao H. L. , Jiang Y. Z. , Zang W. B.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Soil moisture is one of the important hydrological elements. Obtaining soil moisture accurately and effectively is of great significance for water resource management in irrigation area. During the process of soil moisture content retrieval with multiremote sensing data, multi- remote sensing data always brings multi-spatial scale problems which results in inconformity of soil moisture content retrieved by remote sensing in different spatial scale. In addition, agricultural water use management has suitable spatial scale of soil moisture information so as to satisfy the demands of dynamic management of water use and water demand in certain unit. We have proposed to use land parcel unit as the minimum unit to do soil moisture content research in agricultural water using area, according to soil characteristics, vegetation coverage characteristics in underlying layer, and hydrological characteristic into the basis of study unit division. We have proposed division method of land parcel units. Based on multi thermal infrared and near infrared remote sensing data, we calculate the ndvi and tvdi index and make a statistical model between the tvdi index and soil moisture of ground monitoring station. Then we move forward to study soil moisture remote sensing retrieval method on land parcel unit scale. And the method has been applied in Hetao irrigation area. Results show that compared with pixel scale the soil moisture content in land parcel unit scale has displayed stronger correlation with true value. Hence, remote sensing retrieval method of soil moisture content in land parcel unit scale has shown good applicability in Hetao irrigation area. We converted the research unit into the scale of land parcel unit. Using the land parcel units with unified crops and soil attributes as the research units more complies with the characteristics of agricultural water areas, avoids the problems such as decomposition of mixed pixels and excessive dependence on high-resolution data caused by the research units of pixels, and doesn’t involve compromises in the spatial scale and simulating precision like the grid simulation. When the application needs are met, the production efficiency of products can also be improved at a certain degree.
SPECTRAL UNMIXING ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES LANDSAT 8 IMAGES
Authors: Zhuo R. , Xu L. , Peng J. , Chen Y.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Temporal analysis of Landsat 8 images opens up new opportunities in the unmixing procedure. Although spectral analysis of time series Landsat imagery has its own advantage, it has rarely been studied. Nevertheless, using the temporal information can provide improved unmixing performance when compared to independent image analyses. Moreover, different land cover types may demonstrate different temporal patterns, which can aid the discrimination of different natures. Therefore, this letter presents time series K-P-Means, a new solution to the problem of unmixing time series Landsat imagery. The proposed approach is to obtain the “purified” pixels in order to achieve optimal unmixing performance. The vertex component analysis (VCA) is used to extract endmembers for endmember initialization. First, nonnegative least square (NNLS) is used to estimate abundance maps by using the endmember. Then, the estimated endmember is the mean value of “purified” pixels, which is the residual of the mixed pixel after excluding the contribution of all nondominant endmembers. Assembling two main steps (abundance estimation and endmember update) into the iterative optimization framework generates the complete algorithm. Experiments using both simulated and real Landsat 8 images show that the proposed “joint unmixing” approach provides more accurate endmember and abundance estimation results compared with “separate unmixing” approach.
A PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION ON COMPARISON AND TRANSFORMATION OF SENTINEL-2 MSI AND LANDSAT 8 OLI
Authors: Chen F. , Lou S. , Fan Q. , Li J. , Wang C. , Claverie M.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. A PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION ON COMPARISON AND TRANSFORMATION OF SENTINEL-2 MSI AND LANDSAT 8 OLI Timely and accurate earth observation with short revisit interval is usually necessary, especially for emergency response. Currently, several new generation sensors provided with similar channel characteristics have been operated onboard different satellite platforms, including Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8. Joint use of the observations by different sensors offers an opportunity to meet the demands for emergency requirements. For example, through the combination of Landsat and Sentinel-2 data, the land can be observed every 2–3 days at medium spatial resolution. However, differences are expected in radiometric values (e.g., channel reflectance) of the corresponding channels between two sensors. Spectral response function (SRF) is taken as an important aspect of sensor settings. Accordingly, between-sensor differences due to SRFs variation need to be quantified and compensated. The comparison of SRFs shows difference (more or less) in channel settings between Sentinel-2 Multi-Spectral Instrument (MSI) and Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI). Effect of the difference in SRF on corresponding values between MSI and OLI was investigated, mainly in terms of channel reflectance and several derived spectral indices. Spectra samples from ASTER Spectral Library Version 2.0 and Hyperion data archives were used in obtaining channel reflectance simulation of MSI and OLI. Preliminary results show that MSI and OLI are well comparable in several channels with small relative discrepancy (< 5 %), including the Costal Aerosol channel, a NIR (855–875 nm) channel, the SWIR channels, and the Cirrus channel. Meanwhile, for channels covering Blue, Green, Red, and NIR (785–900 nm), the between-sensor differences are significantly presented. Compared with the difference in reflectance of each individual channel, the difference in derived spectral index is more significant. In addition, effectiveness of linear transformation model is not ensured when the target belongs to another spectra collection. If an improper transformation model is selected, the between-sensor discrepancy will even largely increase. In conclusion, improvement in between-sensor consistency is possibly a challenge, through linear transformation based on model(s) generated from other spectra collections.
CROWN-LEVEL TREE SPECIES CLASSIFICATION USING INTEGRATED AIRBORNE HYPERSPECTRAL AND LIDAR REMOTE SENSING DATA
Authors: Wang Z. , Wu J. , Wang Y. , Kong X. , Bao H. , Ni Y. , Ma L. , Jin J.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Mapping tree species is essential for sustainable planning as well as to improve our understanding of the role of different trees as different ecological service. However, crown-level tree species automatic classification is a challenging task due to the spectral similarity among diversified tree species, fine-scale spatial variation, shadow, and underlying objects within a crown. Advanced remote sensing data such as airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) and hyperspectral imagery offer a great potential opportunity to derive crown spectral, structure and canopy physiological information at the individual crown scale, which can be useful for mapping tree species. In this paper, an innovative approach was developed for tree species classification at the crown level. The method utilized LiDAR data for individual tree crown delineation and morphological structure extraction, and Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager (CASI) hyperspectral imagery for pure crown-scale spectral extraction. Specifically, four steps were include: 1) A weighted mean filtering method was developed to improve the accuracy of the smoothed Canopy Height Model (CHM) derived from LiDAR data; 2) The marker-controlled watershed segmentation algorithm was, therefore, also employed to delineate the tree-level canopy from the CHM image in this study, and then individual tree height and tree crown were calculated according to the delineated crown; 3) Spectral features within 3 × 3 neighborhood regions centered on the treetops detected by the treetop detection algorithm were derived from the spectrally normalized CASI imagery; 4) The shape characteristics related to their crown diameters and heights were established, and different crown-level tree species were classified using the combination of spectral and shape characteristics. Analysis of results suggests that the developed classification strategy in this paper (OA = 85.12 %, Kc = 0.90) performed better than LiDAR-metrics method (OA = 79.86 %, Kc = 0.81) and spectral-metircs method (OA = 71.26, Kc = 0.69) in terms of classification accuracy, which indicated that the advanced method of data processing and sensitive feature selection are critical for improving the accuracy of crown-level tree species classification.
DECISION TREE REPOSITORY AND RULE SET BASED MINGJIANG RIVER ESTUARINE WETLANDS CLASSIFACTION
Authors: Zhang W. , Li X. , Xiao W.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. The increasing urbanization and industrialization have led to wetland losses in estuarine area of Mingjiang River over past three decades. There has been increasing attention given to produce wetland inventories using remote sensing and GIS technology. Due to inconsistency training site and training sample, traditionally pixel-based image classification methods can’t achieve a comparable result within different organizations. Meanwhile, object-oriented image classification technique shows grate potential to solve this problem and Landsat moderate resolution remote sensing images are widely used to fulfill this requirement. Firstly, the standardized atmospheric correct, spectrally high fidelity texture feature enhancement was conducted before implementing the object-oriented wetland classification method in eCognition. Secondly, we performed the multi-scale segmentation procedure, taking the scale, hue, shape, compactness and smoothness of the image into account to get the appropriate parameters, using the top and down region merge algorithm from single pixel level, the optimal texture segmentation scale for different types of features is confirmed. Then, the segmented object is used as the classification unit to calculate the spectral information such as Mean value, Maximum value, Minimum value, Brightness value and the Normalized value. The Area, length, Tightness and the Shape rule of the image object Spatial features and texture features such as Mean, Variance and Entropy of image objects are used as classification features of training samples. Based on the reference images and the sampling points of on-the-spot investigation, typical training samples are selected uniformly and randomly for each type of ground objects. The spectral, texture and spatial characteristics of each type of feature in each feature layer corresponding to the range of values are used to create the decision tree repository. Finally, with the help of high resolution reference images, the random sampling method is used to conduct the field investigation, achieve an overall accuracy of 90.31 %, and the Kappa coefficient is 0.88. The classification method based on decision tree threshold values and rule set developed by the repository, outperforms the results obtained from the traditional methodology. Our decision tree repository and rule set based object-oriented classification technique was an effective method for producing comparable and consistency wetlands data set.
Ensemble flood forecasting considering dominant runoff processes: II. Benchmark against a state-of-the-art model-chain (Verzasca, Switzerland)
Authors: Horat Christoph , Antonetti Manuel , Liechti Katharina , Kaufmann Pirmin , Zappa Massimiliano
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Model benchmarking is needed in order to establish how newly developed forecasting approaches perform against current state-of-the-art systems. In many cases, resources for re-forecasting long periods of time are limited and therefore, a period of parallel-operations is evaluated. For this study, the forecasting chain presented in the companion paper by Antonetti et al. (2018) has been set up for the Verzasca basins in the southern Swiss Alps. In this region, an operationally running system is available from previous studies on probabilistic flash flood (FF) forecasts. This current system relies on the calibrated semi-distributed hydrological model PREVAH. The new model RGM-PRO includes the concept of dominant runoff processes and requires a priori estimation of parameters but no direct discharge observations for calibration. This is a significant benefit to FF prediction in ungauged catchments. Both FF forecasting chains are forced by information from numerical weather prediction COSMO-1 and COSMO-E. Real-time rainfall is provided by the CombiPrecip product, which combines rain gauge and weather radar data. As RGM-PRO is an event-based model, initial conditions are not computed internally. Such initial conditions are obtained from operationally available gridded simulations of the PREVAH model. The current PREVAH-HRU setup uses rainfall data as obtained by interpolating real-time data of the station network maintained by MeteoSwiss. Initial conditions are tracked internally day-by-day. The PREVAH-HRU runs forced by COSMO-1 and COSMO-E during real-time operations in the period May to August 2016 have been compiled. Corresponding model runs using RGM-PRO have been computed a posteriori. Both sets of forecasts are evaluated against discharge observations using deterministic and probabilistic verification metrics. Results showed that the novel approach was able to compete with the operational benchmark prediction system and was consistently superior for high-flow situations. The new forecasting chains were able to react faster on precipitation in comparison with the benchmark forecasts. Confirming previous studies for all forecasting chains, a clear preference for using a meteorological ensemble as forcing data was found. In a synthesis of the two companion papers, more skill was found in the Verzasca basin than in the Emme catchment, suggesting a better forecast performance in strongly topography driven basins with shallow soils and weak dependence on initial conditions. The findings of the two studies suggest that the novel forecasting chains can compete with the traditional ones in operational setup without the need of long-term discharge measurements and extensive calibration. With the new runoff generation module, extension of FF prediction to ungauged catchments is possible, provided that spatially distributed information on dominant runoff processes is available.
Processes influencing near-surface heat transfer in Greenland's ablation zone
Authors: Hills Benjamin H. , Harper Joel T. , Meierbachtol Toby W. , Johnson Jesse V. , Humphrey Neil F. , Wright Patrick J.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. To assess the influence of various mechanisms of heat transfer on the near-surface ice of Greenland's ablation zone, we incorporate highly resolved measurements of ice temperature into thermal modeling experiments. Seven separate temperature strings were installed at three different field sites, each with between 17 and 32 sensors and extending up to 20 m below the surface. In one string, temperatures were measured every 30 minutes, and the record is continuous for more than three years. We use these measured ice temperatures to constrain modeling analyses focused on four isolated processes to assess the relative importance of each to the near-surface ice temperature: 1) the moving boundary of an ablating surface, 2) thermal insulation by snow, 3) radiative energy input, and 4) temperature gradients below the seasonally active near-surface layer. In addition to these four processes, transient heating events were observed in two of the temperature strings. Despite no observations of meltwater pathways to the subsurface, these heating events are likely the refreezing of liquid water below 5–10 m of cold ice. Together with subsurface refreezing, the five heat transfer mechanisms presented here account for measured differences of up to 3 °C between the ice temperature at the depth where annual temperature variability is dissipated and the mean annual air temperature. Thus, in Greenland's ablation zone, the mean annual air temperature cannot be used to predict the near-surface ice temperature, as is commonly assumed.
Mandarin Chinese Locative Inversion vs. Kinyarwanda Stative Locative Inversion
Authors: Ngoboka Jean Paul
Published: May 2018

This study aims to provide a detailed comparison of locative inversion in Mandarin Chinese with -zhe and (stative) locative inversion in Kinyarwanda. After a brief description of these constructions, the study shows that they are similar in many respects and involve similar restrictions despite the fact that the two languages are genetically unrelated: the agent is deleted and disallowed even in a by-agent phrase; the verb belongs to the type of verbs referred to as placement verbs; and it must express a state after the action. These constructions are incompatible with adverbs of manner as well as some placement verbs that do not entail duration after the action, which is typical of stativization. After a detailed comparison of locative inversion in the two languages, it is concluded that despite the fact that the two languages are not related, the locative inversion in Chinese with -zhe has properties similar to those of (stative) locative inversion in Kinyarwanda. It is proposed that although these constructions are referred to as locative inversion, they are primarily stative constructions in which the locative happens to be in a subject position, where it can alternate with the theme.
As muitas fronteiras do Cerro do Jarau
Authors: Barcellos Guazzelli Cesar Cesar Augusto
Published: May 2018

Este artigo propõe o estudo de três diferentes tipos de fronteira, mas que podem confluir numa única direção: 1) uma espacial, aparentemente aquela que é identificável e material, mas que necessita da mediação de uma construção histórica; 2) outra textual, que diz respeito aos desenvolvimentos teóricos que dão conta tanto do tema quanto da produção ficcional que tem como objeto esses territórios e suas gentes; 3) finalmente, aquela dimensão entre o verossímil e o fantástico, que muitas vezes é capaz de revelar aspectos dificilmente conhecidos empiricamente.
O benefício previdenciário como proteção social: evidências para um pequeno município da Região Sul do Brasil
Authors: Rintzel Lúbia Tamires , Moretto Cleide Fátima
Published: May 2018

A aposentadoria previdenciária representa no Brasil uma importante fonte de renda e de redistribuição de renda para uma parte significativa da população com mais idade, o que reforça a importância das políticas
de seguridade social. Este estudo objetiva identificar a dimensão do benefício previdenciário no período de aposentadoria de trabalhadores de um pequeno município gaúcho. Foi realizado um levantamento por meio de amostragem probabilística, por conglomerados, com 97 aposentados
econômica e não economicamente ativos, residentes nas zonas urbana e rural. O instrumento adotado foi um formulário, contemplando questões relativas às características pessoais, à estrutura familiar e à estrutura dos benefícios e da renda, e os dados foram tratados por meio de estatística
descritiva. Nos resultados, observou-se que somente para 21,6% dos aposentados pesquisados o valor do benefício cobre integralmente as despesas. Os dados revelaram que os aposentados são redominantemente
residentes da zona urbana, mulheres, chefes de família e contribuintes
parciais da renda, membros de famílias mononucleares, dependentes da previdência pública.
Ética, democracia e educação em John Dewey: uma releitura de Democracia Educação à sombra da ontologia do presente
Authors: Pagni Pedro Angelo
Published: May 2018

Este ensaio discute a crise da jovem democracia brasileira a partir de uma releitura da noção deweyana de democracia, desenvolvida à sombra da ontologia do presente de Michel Foucault. Desta perspectiva, indica-se uma outra entrada de leitura para Democracia e educação, mais concernente ao tempo presente, e propõe-se a possibilidade de sua atualidade, cem anos depois de sua publicação, para pensar a crise democrática brasileira. A proposta é a de ler essa obra a partir de um problema da democracia posto por Michel Foucault em seus últimos cursos e da inflexão ética que evoca acerca da política na atualidade. Especificamente, objetiva-se analisar os efeitos daquele problema sobre a educação e discutir a hipótese de que esta poderia se constituir em uma forma de resistência a certo esvaziamento da democracia representativa no presente. Ao retomar a noção deweyana de democracia como uma forma ética de vida, defende-se que essa hipótese seria possível no âmbito educativo, sobretudo, se fosse recobrada do ponto de vista não de uma sociedade cada vez mais inclusiva, como requerido pelo seu original formulador, mas de uma sociedade em que a diferença seja o seu princípio e o seu fim, como sugere a perspectiva política foucaultiana.
A presença de Jean-Jacques Rousseau no discurso educacional de John Dewey
Authors: Cunha Marcus Vinícius da , Sbrana Roberta Aline
Published: May 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é examinar a presença de concepções educacionais de Jean-Jacques Rousseau no livro Democracia e educação, de John Dewey. Para isso, são analisadas duas temáticas fundamentais em ambos os pensadores: suas reflexões acerca da sociedade vigente, em que se inclui a educação nela ministrada, e suas proposições em defesa de novas práticas educativas. A investigação é feita por intermédio da análise retórica proposta por Perelman e Olbrechts-Tyteca, metodologia que permite extrair de um texto os argumentos centrais do autor e identificar as estratégias argumentativas por ele utilizadas. As semelhanças discursivas encontradas nos dois filósofos sugerem a possibilidade de integrá-los à tradição retórica oriunda dos sofistas, cujas práticas visavam à valorização do indivíduo no processo de sua educação e à liberação de seus impulsos para desenvolver as capacidades de deliberar e agir de modo inteligente. O artigo apresenta como conclusão que tanto Rousseau quanto Dewey podem ser postos em confronto direto com as tendências da pedagogia contemporânea que concebem a educação como uma mercadoria que deve servir não à fruição da vida, mas ao propósito de garantir à pessoa sucesso profissional e ascensão na hierarquia social e, à sociedade, progresso econômico e bom posicionamento na ordenação global das nações.
Experiência e movimento: pensando a educação em Dewey
Authors: Henz Celso Ilgo , Santos Cláudia Aparecida dos , Signor Patrícia
Published: May 2018

Este artigo intenta aproximar-se do pensamento deweyano, com base nos pressupostos da teoria lógica apresentada pelo autor, especialmente no que tange à noção de conhecimento enquanto experiência. A pragmática deweyana assume, assim, especial interesse, quando situa as formas de pensar e conhecer como um traço distintivo do homem, em que o conhecimento só pode se tornar significativo quando suscita experiências para o indivíduo. Interessa, ainda, a ideia de movimento como eixo central de um processo formativo de caráter contínuo e inconcluso, capaz de gerar aprendizagens contextualizadas para compor uma escola ativa. Ao oferecer a possibilidade de uma aprendizagem significativa, quer seja para pensar o indivíduo, a sociedade ou a educação, a concepção educacional apresentada propõe a quebra de paradigmas e a transformação da escola e o faz justamente por compreender a educação como componente cultural significativo para a produção de liberdade.
Internacionalización de la educación superior: redefiniciones, justificativas y estrategias
Authors: Santos Filho José Camilo dos
Published: May 2018

El artículo tiene el objetivo de traer al debate la internacionalización de la educación superior a partir de três aspectos: (1) Conceptos de internacionalización en distintas perspectivas; (2) Razones de la internacionalización; y (3) Estrategias de internacionalización, traducidas en un conjunto de actividades que operacionalizan la política de la institución universitaria. Se trata de investigación cualitativa, de cuño teórico. De entre los resultados, encontró que las primeras universidades europeas surgieron en el siglo XII ya internacionalizadas en su claustro docente y discente. En la era moderna, pocas universidades, más frecuentemente por los lazos coloniales, pasaron a recibir a estudiantes de sus colonias y/o de países menos desarrollados. Recientemente, las universidades pasaron a valorar la dimensión de la internacionalización. El concepto ha sido ampliamente discutido, pero aún no se ha llegado a un consenso sobre los indicadores más pertinentes para definir el grado de internacionalización de una universidad.
Consolidación del observatorio de educación ambiental para la sustentabilidad de Risaralda
Authors: Jiménez Montoya Carlos Ignacio , Quiroga Zapata Sandra Patricia , Lozano Daniela
Published: May 2018

El Observatorio de Educación Ambiental de Risaralda – OEAR – está basado en la complejidad, además contempla la noción del desarrollo sostenible y el desarrollo humano como estrategias para evaluar los mecanismos de mejora de la calidad de vida y su impacto sobre el ambiente. En ese marco de ideas, el Observatorio como espacio para el diálogo, es una propuesta que pretende propiciar un encuentro constructivo que fortalezca la comprensión sobre el territorio como lugar de identidad cultural y que a su vez propicie la reflexión de las personas sobre las transformaciones que generan en él. En virtud de ello OEAR es una herramienta que permite democratizar la información en el campo de la educación ambiental y las políticas públicas relacionadas, dado que integra indicadores de múltiples dimensiones del desarrollo, recursos y temas de la gestión ambiental, alineándose con los principios de la Agenda XXI en el capítulo 40 “Información para la adopción de decisiones, donde se enfatiza que cada persona es a la vez usuario y portador de información, que incluye datos y el conjunto adecuado de experiencias y conocimientos”. Esta propuesta se fundamenta metodológicamente en la sistematización de información generada por los actores involucrados y sus compromisos institucionales; posteriormente se formaliza el contenido y estructura del observatorio, donde se consolidan algunos indicadores que dan cuenta de la generación de información ambiental por parte de los actores del sistema.
Development and validation of continuity measures for inpatients receiving rehabilitation care
Authors: Oliveira Sousa Silvana L. , Medina-Mirapeix Francesc , Escolar-Reina Pilar , Collins Sean M. , Lillo-Navarro M. Carmen
Published: May 2018

Objective: The main goal of this study was to exemplify the development of a measure of continuity of care (COC) from inpatients’ perspective. This measure is focused on several aspects related to physiotherapy.Methods: A cross-sectional self-report based psychometric study was carried out in a public hospital in southeast Spain. One hundred and fifty two patients with neurological and orthopaedic disorders who received rehabilitation care during stay at hospital were included in the study. A self-report questionnaire was used to examine experiences of patients related to the three types of COC, relational, management and informational continuity. The questionnaire also includes questions about sociodemographic characteristics, patient/therapist affiliation and trust with therapist. To examine reliability were used test-retest and internal consistency. For validation analysis, there were used convergent and known group strategies.Results: Of the 19 indicators included, 13 were selected to demonstrate adequate reliability and validity. From these indicators were generated three composite measures (Relational, management and COC index) and one individual measure (Informational continuity). Test-retest reliability indicated excellent agreement (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] > 0.75) for the three indexes. The range of Cronbach’s value was from 0.60 to 0.73. Total scores of all the indexes were moderately correlated with the satisfaction scale (r > 0.30). Regarding the known groups, all indexes scores were similar for men and woman. However, significant differences were found for management index and for relational index, based on trust with therapist and patient/therapist affiliation, respectively.Conclusions: The continuity self-reported measures is a valid and reliable method to assessing the COC in hospitalized patients receiving physiotherapy.
Factors Influencing HIV/AIDS and Risky Sexual Behaviour Among Learners in South Africa
Authors: Malga Pelonomi F. , Setlalentoa Boitumelo Marilyn , Oduaran Choja , Maforah Nopasika
Published: May 2018

HIV/AIDS is a global health concern and young people are more at risk of being infected. The explored factors that contribute to HIV/AIDS and risky sexual behaviour among learners aged 12-18 years in Vuyolwethu High School. The study focused on learners who were in Grade 10-12. This study employed a mixed method research. Quantitative phase was limited to learners while the qualitative phase focused on life-orientation teachers. The total study sample is 150, and the gender distribution is equally distributed at 50% for both males and females. The dominating age and grade among respondents is age 17-18 years and grade 11. Quantitative data were subjected to descriptive analyses while thematic analysis is employed for analysis of qualitative data. Overall, about 51.3% of the respondents strongly agreed that engaging in sexual intercourse without protection is risky, and that unprotected sexual activity can lead to unwanted sexual encounters, unwanted teenage pregnancy and HIV/AIDS. Similarly, substance abuse is found to be a key factor that influences risky sexual behaviour among adolescents, thus resulting to unwanted pregnancies and HIV/AIDS infection. The main conclusion drawn from the findings is that while adolescents seem to be knowledgeable on the factors that contribute to risky sexual behaviour, this knowledge does not lead to attitude change. It is therefore recommended, based on the study’s findings, that there should be more focused training programmes directed not only at knowledge but also attitude and behaviour change.
Pedagogical Practices Employed in Teaching and Learning Speaking Skills at Taif University
Authors: Soomro Abdul Fattah
Published: May 2018

The aim of instructing speaking skills is to help students develop better oral communication. That is possible if teachers employ better techniques to enhance the use of English in the class and motivate their learners to utilize important strategies for practicing speaking skills. The current study investigates pedagogical practices in use by English professionals to teach speaking skills to their students, and strategies and approaches applied by leaners to improve their speaking skills. Questionnaire survey was conducted by recruiting 184 male and female undergraduate students from different streams at Taif University. The data was analyzed through SPSS and presented with the help of descriptive tables. The results of this study reveal that teachers moderately employed important techniques and strategies in their teaching. Among the strategies and techniques which were not frequently employed by English professionals were: role-play, group work, pair discussion, picture description, dialogue, debating, and storytelling. Students also lacked in utilizing important strategies which hinder their progress in developing better speaking skills. The attitude of learners towards learning a foreign language was negatively affected by the level of difficulties faced by them. The study concluded that teachers’ role is very important to develop a favorable learning environment and involve students to practice English through various useful techniques and strategies necessary for the development of speaking skills.
Academic Vocabulary Use in Doctoral Theses: A Corpus-Based Lexical Analysis of Academic Word List (AWL) in Major Scientific Disciplinary Groups
Authors: Pathan Habibullah , Memon Rafique A. , Memon Shumaila , Shah Syed Waqar Ali , Magsi Aziz
Published: May 2018

Since the development of academic word list (AWL) by Coxhead (2000), multiple studies have attempted to investigate its effectiveness and relevance of the included academic vocabulary in the texts or corpora of various academic fields, disciplines, subjects and also in multiple academic genres and registers. Similarly, this study also aims at investigating the text coverage of Coxhead’s (2000) AWL in Pakistani doctoral theses of two major scientific disciplinary groups (Biological & health sciences as well as Physical sciences); furthermore the study also analyses the frequency of the AWL word families to extract the most frequent word families in the theses texts. In order to achieve this goal, a pre-built corpus of Pakistani doctoral theses (PAKDTh) (Aziz, 2016) comprises of 200 doctoral theses from two major scientific disciplinary groups was used as textual data. Using concordance software AntConc version 3.4.4 (Anthony, 2016), computer-driven data analysis revealed that in total 8.76% (496839 words) of the text in Pakistani doctoral thesis corpus is covered by the AWL words. Further distributing the analysis per sub-lists, shows that the first three sub-lists of AWL accounted for almost 57% of the whole text coverage. An attempt was made to further analyze the AWL text coverage by considering the frequency of occurrences in terms of word families. The findings showed that among 570- word families of Coxhead’s (2000) AWL, 550-word families with the sum of 96.49% are found to occur more than 10 times in PAKDTh corpus, which are taken as word families used in the corpus. This study concludes that Coxhead’s (2000) AWL is proved effective for the writing of theses. On the basis of the findings, further possible academic implications are discussed in detail.
Sustainable Tourism in APEC: A Region with UNWTO Members and Non-members
Authors: Ramirez Cuauhtemoc
Published: May 2018

Tourism has become a source of income, employment and economic growth for the country members of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC). This paper analyses tourism as a regional economic activity that interacts with the environment, with positive effects such as improving economic competitiveness; and negative effects such as overcrowding and poor management that can destroy the touristic asset on which the activity depends. These issues put the membership of the World Tourism Organization (WTO) of some APEC economies at stake, as well as the future of their local, regional and global economic and tourism competitiveness.
Finite elements analysis of the side
grooved I-beam specimen for mode II
fatigue crack growth rates determination
Authors: Lenkovskiy T.M. , Kulyk V.V. , Duriagina Z.A. , Dzyubyk L.V. , Vira V.V. , Dzyubyk A.R. , Dzyubyk A.R. , Tepla T.L.
Published: May 2018

Purpose: Carefully investigate the stress-strain state of the side grooved I-beam specimen
with edge crack and determine the effect of crack length and crack faces friction on stress
intensity factor at transverse shear.
Design/methodology/approach: The finite element method was used to estimate
the stress-strain state of I-beam specimen at transverse shear. For this purpose, a fullscale,
three-dimensional model of the specimen was created, which precisely reproduces
its geometry and fatigue crack faces contact. For the correct reproduction of the stress
singularity at the crack tip, a special sub-model was used, which has been tested earlier
in solving similar problems of fracture mechanics. In order to improve the accuracy of the
calculations, for crack plane and cross-section of the specimen on the crack extension
modeling, an algorithm for changing the crack length without changing the total number of
elements in the model was developed and applied. Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio
of structural steels were specified for the model material. The static loading of the model
was realized assuming small scale yielding condition. The stress intensity factor was found
through the displacement of nodes in the prismatic elements adjacent to the plane and the
front of the crack.
Findings: Mathematical dependences, which show an increase of stress intensity factor in
the I-beam specimen with an increase in the crack length, and its decrease with an increase
of crack faces friction factor at transverse shear, were established. The results are compared
with the partial cases known from the literature and their good convergence was shown.
Research limitations/implications: By analyzing the obtained graphical dependences,
it is established that for relative crack lengths less than 0.4 there is a significant influence of
the initial notch on the stress-strain state of the specimen, and for the lengths greater than
0.9 an influence of constrained gripping part took place. For this reason, all subsequent
calculations were carried out in the range of relative crack length from 0.4 to 0.9, which
represents the applicability range of the final calculation formula. Increasing of the crack
faces friction factor from 0 to 1 monotonically reduces the stress at the crack tip. For a short
crack, this effect is 1.5 times greater than for a long one, which is reflected by the calculation
formula.
Practical implications: Using the proposed calculation formula, one can calculate the
stress intensity factor in the I-beam specimen, and to determine the crack growth resistance
characteristics of structural steels at transverse shear.
Originality/value: A new, easy-to-use in engineering calculations formula is proposed for
stress intensity factor determination in the I-beam specimen at transverse shear. The formula
takes into account crack faces friction for various crack lengths.