bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Brand Image, Product Quality, Price, and Promotion on Premium Plan Purchase Decisions on the Spotify Music Streaming App
Authors: Suharyono Suharyono , Astuti Ajeng Suasti
Published: July 2021

Digitalization in every industry continues to develop, which is also happened to the music industry. Music streaming applications are a technology that is in great demand today. Spotify is an on-demand music service application that is popular among music lovers. Spotify offers a free package and paid (premium) package services. The difference between the two service models lies in the quality and different service features. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the influence of brand image, product quality, price, and promotion on premium package purchase decisions on the Spotify music streaming application. Research data obtained by survey method using a questionnaire. With a sample of 100 respondents. The analysis technique used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using the AMOS 22 program. The results of this study showed that brand image, product quality, price, and promotion simultaneously have a positive effect on purchasing decision. Then brand image and product quality variables partially have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, evidenced by the value of each CR is greater than 1.96 (CR> 1.96) and the significance value is smaller than 0.05 (P <0.05).
Effect of Interest Rates, Rupiah Currency Exchange Rates, World Gold Prices, and Dow Jones Index on Stock Prices of Property and Real Estate Companies with Inflation as Moderating Variables
Authors: Hasanudin Hasanudin , Kumaruza Anugrah
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this research is to study the effect of interest rates, rupiah currency exchange rates, world gold prices, and the Dow Jones Index on stock prices of property and real estate companies with inflation as a moderating variable. This study uses a case study of 4 stocks, namely BSDE, CTRA, PWON, and SMRA with the research data period January 2014-December 2019. The analysis was carried out using the ARCH / GARCH model using the Eviews 10 application. The results showed that there were quite varied results regarding patterns of the relationship between the independent variables on the four stock prices studied. The most notable difference is in the PWON stock
Influence of the Dimension of Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction and Its Impact on Customer Loyalty PT Sun Life Financial Indonesia in Jakarta
Authors: Suharyono Suharyono , Azani Dini Setyo
Published: July 2021

This study analyzes the quality dimension of customer service at PT Sun Life Financial Indonesia on customer satisfaction and its impact on customer loyalty. This study uses a survey method by disseminating questionnaires to customers in PT Sun Life Financial Indonesia as the respondent. Quantitative research method using technical analysis structural equation modeling (SEM) with application AMOS 22. The study used samples from 155 respondents. The results showed that the quality dimension of services such as responsiveness, assurance, empathy, and reliability has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction and has a positive and significant impact on customer loyalty.
Ensuring the quality of the treated surface in the manufacture of ship parts
Authors: Саблин П.А. , Отряскина Т.А. , Щетинин В.С.
Published: July 2021

В работе приведены результаты экспериментального исследования шероховатости обработанной поверхности с использованием различных методов анализа данных таких, как анализ Фурье-спектров. Также в работе процесс механической обработки рассматривается с позиции мезомеханики, что дает возможность по-новому оценить процесс стружкообразования. В работе говорится о том, что шероховатость обработанной поверхности, как выходной параметр процесса резания, оказывает особое влияние не только на качество поверхностного слоя, но и на эксплуатационные характеристики деталей машин, работающих в экстремальных условиях таких, как морская среда и тому подобное. Также, в работе рассмотрена природа формирования микронеровностей на поверхности деталей после механической обработки, перечислены факторы, влияющие на параметры шероховатости. Сделаны выводы о том, от чего зависят различные частоты микронеровностей обработанной поверхности.

The paper presents the results of an experimental study of the roughness of the treated surface using various methods of data analysis, such as the analysis of Fourier spectra. Also in the work, the process of mechanical processing is considered from the standpoint of mesomechanics, which makes it possible to re-evaluate the process of chip formation. The paper says that the roughness of the treated surface, as an output parameter of the cutting process, has a special effect not only on the quality of the surface layer, but also on the performance characteristics of machine parts operating in extreme conditions such as the marine environment and the like. Also, the paper considers the nature of the formation of micro-roughness on the surface of parts after machining, and lists the factors that affect the roughness parameters. Conclusions are drawn about what determines the different frequencies of micro-roughness of the treated surface.
Development and application of universal software control and measuring systems for shipbuilding
Authors: Тихомиров В.А.
Published: July 2021

В статье проводится описание алгоритмов и методики создания универсального контрольно-измерительного программного комплекса, применяемого в высокотехнологичном судостроении при монтаже и наладке бортового оборудования изделий. Комплекс решает задачу импортозамещения подобных программных продуктов для Российской промышленности. Проводится расшифровка применяемого в сети протокола, с помощью авторского программного монитора, и передача данных по состоянию каждого элемента бортовой системы на авторский визуализатор, где информация по состоянию элементов отображается в цифровом, графическом или анимационном виде. Комплекс строится на базе отечественных компонентов оборудования (адаптеров сетевых протоколов). Рассматриваются, предложенные автором, концепция и принципы компоновки программных модулей и новый алгоритм обработки данных циклического буфера примененных адаптеров. Приводятся результаты сравнительного анализа информационного потока комплекса и графиков реального изменения показаний датчиков контролируемых величин, подтверждающие адекватность работы созданного программного обеспечения.

The article describes the algorithms and methods for creating a universal control and measuring software complex used in high-tech shipbuilding during the installation and adjustment of onboard equipment of products. The complex solves the problem of import substitution of similar software products for the Russian industry. The protocol used in the network is deciphered using the author's program monitor, and data is transmitted on the state of each element of the on-board system to the author's visualizer, where information on the state of the elements is displayed in digital, graphic or animation form. The complex is built on the basis of domestic equipment components (network protocol adapters). Considered, proposed by the author, the concept and principles of the layout of software modules and a new algorithm for processing the data of the cyclic buffer of the applied adapters. The results of a comparative analysis of the information flow of the complex and graphs of the real change in the readings of the monitored quantities, confirming the adequacy of the work of the created software, are presented.
Modeling of the shape of the deflector of the shell blade of marine gas turbine engines with varying parameters of thermal protection
Authors: Андрианов И.К. , Гринкруг М.С.
Published: July 2021

Работа посвящена исследованию проблемы управления тепловым состоянием оболочечных лопаток судовых турбин, находящихся в условиях высокотемпературного нагружения. В работе рассматривались вопросы сочетания внешней тепловой защиты с помощью теплоизоляционного покрытия и внутреннего охлаждения. Математическая модель теплопереноса строилась на основании дифференциальных уравнений теплопроводности Фурье, условия теплоотдачи в каналах охлаждения. Проведена оценка влияния состава покрытия не изменение формы оболочки дефлектора с целью интенсификации охлаждения при неизменных параметрах скорости и температуры хладагента на входе в канал. Решение системы нелинейных уравнений теплопереноса проведено с помощью метода конечных разностей. Проведен численный эксперимент при реализации равномерного температурного поля на поверхности тела лопатки. Предложенная математическая модель позволяет рассчитать геометрию дефлекторов охлаждаемых лопаток судовых газовых турбин. Применение модели и результатов расчетов позволит рационализировать процесс охлаждения лопаток турбин, выбирая оптимальные сочетания внешней тепловой защиты и расхода хладагента.

The work is devoted to the study of the problem of controlling the thermal state of the shell blades of marine turbines under high-temperature loading conditions. The paper deals with the combination of external thermal protection with the help of thermal insulation coating and internal cooling. The mathematical model of heat transfer was built on the basis of the Fourier differential equations of thermal conductivity, the conditions of heat transfer in cooling channels. The influence of the coating composition on the change in the shape of the deflector shell was evaluated in order to intensify cooling at constant parameters of the speed and temperature of the refrigerant at the inlet to the channel. The solution of the system of nonlinear heat transfer equations is carried out using the finite difference method. A numerical experiment is performed for the realization of a uniform temperature field on the surface of the blade body. The proposed mathematical model allows us to calculate the geometry of the deflectors of the cooled blades of marine gas turbines. The application of the model and the results of the calculations will allow to rationalize the cooling process of the turbine blades, choosing the optimal combination of external thermal protection and refrigerant consumption.
Wstęp
Authors: Andrejuk Katarzyna , Grabowska Izabela , Olcoń-Kubicka Marta , Taranowicz Iwona
Published: July 2021

Profound social transformations verify the usefulness of theoretical concepts, the explorative skills of social researchers, and their ability to think innovatively. The Introduction to this book specifi es the main opportunities and problems for research during the COVID-19 pandemic. The challenges are threefold: 1) on the empirical level; 2) on the methodological level; 3) on the conceptual level. We also indicate that while during the pandemic the researchers are tempted to accelerate the process of analyses, it is also important to preserve high reviewing standards and procedures.
Transnarodowa kwestia społeczna. Migracje i nierówności społeczne
Authors: Faist Thomas
Published: July 2021

The social question is back. Yet today’s social question is not primarily between labour and capital, as it was in the nineteenth century and throughout much of the twentieth. The contemporary social question is located at the interstices between the global South and the global North. It finds its expression in movements of people, seeking a better life or fleeing unsustainable social, political, economic, and ecological conditions. It is transnationalized because migrants and their significant others entertain ties across the borders of national states in transnational social spaces; because of the cross-border diffusion of norms; and because there are implications of migration for social inequalities within national states. The first section discusses the structure of social inequalities in migration and the politics around it. It starts, first, by elaborating upon the commonalities and differences of the social question in the 19th and 21st centuries and then, second, asks whether the increasing relevance of location compared to class for income and life chances has replaced voice as a main response by exit. This is followed, third, by an elaboration of the nexus between social inequalities and migration, i.e. migration being both an antecedent and a consequence of social inequalities. Fourth, the focus moves to the main changes in migration control, its externalization from border control to remote control. This is followed, fifth, by a consideration of the other side of the coin, internalization processes in countries of destination and origin, driven by processes such as marketization and securitization of migration. The second section then moves on to sketch one of the main challenges, the need to include ecological aspects into the discussion of the social question. The analysis concludes with reflections on the shifting form of the transnationalized social question. Finally, the outlook discusses the role of social scientists in discussing the transnationalized social question in the public sphere.
Zrozumieć zmianę. Konstruowanie tożsamości ideowych młodej lewicy i młodej prawicy w warunkach przemian politycznych i społecznych w Polsce po 2015 roku
Authors: Nowakowska Ewelina
Published: July 2021

The article presents the preliminary results of the research studies on the self- -identification of the young left-wing and young right-wing in Poland. This research was conducted in the years 2018–2019. The first part of the article consists of a description of the current difficulties related to the theoretical meaning of the concepts of “the left” and “the right” in Poland. Meanwhile, the second part presents and discusses the empirical conceptualization of the meaning of leftist and right-wing political ideological currents in Poland after 2015 on the basis of the results of preliminary qualitative research. I especially make note of the social and political phenomena that have been occurring in Poland since 2015. In particular, these concern changes at the macroeconomic level that have been introduced by the Law and Justice party as well as the phenomenon of populism; progressive digitalization and the impact of the new media; the processes of migration and mobility; social changes; and climate change, which undoubtedly impact the mechanisms of self-identification, the definitions of the right and the left, and understanding them as well as the identities related to such ideologies. My research focuses on the question how to examine the ideological identities of young people in the context of these transformations.
Cumhuriyet Modernleşmesinde Devletin Spor Üzerinden Bedene Bakışı ve Spor Politikaları
Authors: Tokatlıoğlu Ali Emrah
Published: July 2021

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, kuruluşunun erken yıllarında gerçekleştirdiği bir dizi modernleşme hamlesi içerisinde kültürel devrimleri yaparken hep genç nesli odağına almıştır. Genç bireylerin bedenlerini güçlü tutmaları, zamanla onların kişisel tercihleri olmaktan çok bir yurttaş sorumluluğuna dönüşmüştür. Barış zamanında sağlıklı vücuda sahip bir vatandaş sağlıklı bir toplumun temel yapı taşı olarak kabul ediliyor, olası bir savaş durumunda dinç ve bedenen güçlü bir nesil paramiliter bir bakışla askere hazır bir sivil ordu anlamına geliyordu. Bu kapsamda devlet, genç bireyleri örgütlemek ve beden terbiyesi vasıtasıyla onların bedenlerini şekillendirmek için sporu bir araç olarak kullanmayı hedefliyor, bunu yapabilmek adına da sporda devletçi modeli kuracağı örnekleri araştırıyordu. Aradığı örneği Almanya’da bulan devlet adamları, Alman modelinin kurucusu olan spor adamı Carl Diem’i Türkiye’ye davet ediyor, çalışmaları sonucu yazdığı rapor Türkiye’de sporun devletçi politikasına yön veren bir metin haline geliyordu.

Bu çalışma sporun politikası açısından tarihsel süreçte spor ve devlet ilişkisini odağına alarak devletlerin neden sporu yönetmek istediği, sporu kullanarak hangi politikaları şekillendirdiğini anlatma hedefindedir. Çalışmanın temel hedefi Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin kuruluşunu takiben ilk yıllarında gerçekleştirdiği politikaları, sporun politikası çerçevesinde yeniden değerlendirerek ve çağdaşları ile mukayese ederek, siyasi tarih anlatısı içerisinde yer alan klasik biçimlerden farklı bir perspektif ile dönemi incelemektir.
Inorganic Agents Modified Epoxy Eesin
Authors: Gorovei Claudia-Mihaela , Ceoromila Alina-Mihaela , Bria Vasile , Circiumaru Adrian , Birsan Iulian-Gabriel
Published: July 2021

An additive is a substance, which when incorporated into polymer materials might lead at improvements on the electrical, thermal or mechanical properties of finished products in dependence of their applications, such as automotive, electronics, packaging and consumer goods. This study is based on the idea of using inorganic agents to change the basic properties of an epoxy resin. The well-known plasticizer 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) was used to solve the inorganic agents and the mixture of obtained solutions was added, in certain amounts, into the epoxy resin prior the hardener of the epoxy system. The idea is to test the hypothesis of forming of ceramic nanostructures into the polymer structure based on local chemical interaction between solved inorganic compounds in certain conditions. The present paper concerns with the effect of changes on the mechanical properties of the epoxy resin.
Mechanical and Rheological Properties of Flowable Resin Composites Modified with Low Addition of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic TiO2 Nanoparticles
Authors: Sarcev Branislava Petronijevic , Zlatanovic Danka Labus , Hadnadjev Miroslav , Pilic Branka , Sarcev Ivan , Markovic Dubravka , Balos Sebastian
Published: July 2021

The aim of this work was to find the influence of the addition of low amount of hydrophilic and hydrophobic TiO2 nanoparticles on compressive strength, microhardness and rheological properties of flowable dental composite material. Specimens were prepared by adding 0.05; 0.2 and 1 wt. % of hydrophilic and hydrophobic 20 nm TiO2 nanoparticles. These specimens were compared to non-modified control specimens in compressive strength and microhardness. Furthermore, their rheological properties were determined. The optimal nanoparticle loading was 0.2 % hydrophobic TiO2, resulting in significantly higher compressive strength and microhardness than those of the control specimen group. Mechanical properties of flowable composites reinforced with hydrophilic and hydrophobic TiO2 at higher loadings are lower than those of control specimens, which is the result of nanoparticle agglomeration. TiO2 nanoparticles addition resulted in the decrease in viscosity in all specimens except for the specimewn with 1% hydrophilic TiO2 nanoparticles. In accordance to the obtained results, hydrophobic nanoparticle addition results in a more resistant and durable material, combined with an increased flowability compared to a non-modified composite.
Comparison Study on the Influence of Al2O3 Nanoparticle Size and Ternary Hybrid on Several Properties of a PMMA Denture Composite
Authors: Earar Kamel , Solomon Oleg , Topor Gabi , Constantin Iulian , Beznea Adrian , Dinu Ciprian Adrian , Anghel Lucretia , Stefanescu Victorita , Fotea Silvia , Feier Ramona , Grigore Camelia Ana
Published: July 2021

In esthetic restorative dentistry, resin composites are generally encountered. Because of their excellent biocompatibility, lack of taste, odour, tissue discomfort, and toxicity, insolubility in body fluids, ease of use, good clinical/ aesthetic properties, stable colours, optical characteristics, efficient pigmentation, low cost, and repairability, they are becoming more common. Currently used composite resins have some flaws, particularly inconsistent mechanical properties. For a long time, particles of various sizes have been used as fillers to enhance these properties. In prosthodontics, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is commonly used as a dental base material. It does, nevertheless, have several weaknesses, including low strength and weak thermal properties. The effects of different sizes of alumina (Al2O3) particles on the poly(methyl ethacrylate) (PMMA) denture base were determined in this experiment. PMMA powder was blended with Al2O3 added to methyl methacrylate (MMA).For PMMA polymeric materials strengthened with Al2O3 (40 nm, 140 nm and 0.3-0.8 μm) in various concentrations, the mechanical properties were studied.Also, the synergetic influence of the three nanoparticle sizes in the resin matrix was studied.Furthermore, thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis and water absorption and solubility characteristics of the composites prepared were also examined. Among the most significant properties to be obtained for good denture materials is high mechanic properties, water absorption and solubility, since they have different attributes in the aqueous condition of the oral cavity. Results showed clear properties optimization, especially for the size-hybrid alumina composites.
A közbeszerzési eljárás jogtalan mellőzése és jogkövetkezményei II.
Authors: Pfeffer Zsolt
Published: July 2021

A közbeszerzési eljárás jogtalan mellőzése a közbeszerzések területén megvalósítható legsúlyosabb jogsértések egyike. Ilyen esetben a szerződés közvetlen odaítélése valósul meg egy vagy több gazdasági szereplő részére úgy, hogy a szerződéskötést nem előzte meg az előírt eljárás lefolytatása. A közbeszerzési kötelezettség az Európai Unió irányelvi szabályozásán alapul: vizsgálni szükséges az ajánlatkérői státuszt, a szerződés jellegét, a tárgyat és az értéket is. A jogtalan mellőzés különböző okokra vezethető vissza, azonban az egyedi sajátosságok, körülmények nem szolgálhatnak kimentési okként a jogsértés és a súlyos jogkövetkezmények megállapítása (bírság, szerződés semmissége) alól. Ebből adódóan az ajánlatkérőknek különös körültekintéssel kell vizsgálniuk azt a kérdést, hogy egy adott szerződés esetében mellőzhető-e a közbeszerzési eljárás vagy sem. A joggyakorlat számos jogértelmezési kérdést vizsgált, a tanulmány ezek elemzését, rendszerezését tűzte ki célul. A második rész folytatja a jogtalan mellőzés lehetséges forrásainak bemutatását, valamint a kapcsolódó jogorvoslati eljárások sajátosságait tárgyalja.
Social Entrepreneurship Marketing Communication Strategy in Maintaining Customer Loyalty
Authors: Rachmawati Dewi , Akbari Taufan Teguh , Adithia Sandy
Published: July 2021

Social entrepreneurship is a part of the world of entrepreneurship which is a combination of conventional profit-oriented businesses with a movement that is oriented towards social change. Social entrepreneurship has the potential as a solution that creates innovation, solves social problems, as well as creates new, better social values. However, its new existence and its form which is a combination of the two opposing values is a big challenge for these business actors. One way that can be a bridge to answer this problem is through the right marketing communication strategy not only to find the right customers, but also to create loyalty in order to create a sustainable business ecosystem. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the form of marketing communication strategies of social entrepreneurs in order to find the right form of strategy in maintaining customer loyalty. The approach taken is a descriptive qualitative methodology with in-depth interviews with several resource persons who are the founders or leaders of start-up Social Entrepreneurs. The results showed that the strategies implemented by start-up social entrepreneurs including DuAnyam, Wangsa Jelita & Sunkrisps were very diverse and mostly through digital channels. From this channel, they concocted various ways to keep customers loyal and get benefits from the social entrepreneur program.
The US American Self-criticism. Stories of Anger and Bewilderment
Authors: Huguet Montserrat
Published: July 2021

Criticism to the system is a core place in the US American culture.The self-criticism gets its roots in the permanent restlessness of the American People, in their fears, in their dissatisfaction, and even in their insane self-destructive behabiour. Many episodes in the American history have worked out from attitudes of paranoia, disgust or anger towards communities or the public administration. The natural rhythm of society in the United States is far from acceptance and calm. On the contrary, the US history is defined by restlessnees and doubious sentiments. Thus, one might think that the American dream is fundamentally a state of permanent crisis in which people, unable to deal with their present vital conditions, transmute these conditions into havoc and creation. In the pages of this article, a breaf tour into the historical and cultural trend of discouragement is offered. It also pays attention to the American ability to self-analyze its own historical experiences. The fictionated stories, that come from the imagination but also from people’s voices and memories, convey a sense of dissatisfaction and of struggle to improve the American way of behaving. Those citizens, especially uncomfortable with themselves or with the administration, may not be aware that they are precisely those who constitute the best US image abroad. In the ostentation of a self- criticism, of a subversive thought, these Americans, opposed to the official positions,feature the virtue of the relentless self-purge.Therefore,looking at past and present times, this paper is composed by six related arguments that rely on both historical events and fictionated stories, with the titles of: “Under the paranoid style”; “The angry nation”, “Hate: Public Limited Company”, “Images of anger”, “Guilty, ashamed and redeemed”, and “The legacy of disenchantment”.
Hildreth Meière: Connections to Spain Before and During the Spanish Civil War
Authors: Orduña Prada Mónica
Published: July 2021

The prestigious American Art Deco artist Hildreth Meière provided humanitarian assistance to the victims of the Spanish Civil War and in the Second World War. Acting as the vice-president of the American Spanish Relief Fund created in 1937 and run by P. Francis X. Talbot, S. J. with the goal of helping people affected by the war in the Franco zone, and to also deliver medicine and medical supplies from the United States through diplomatic channels. She visited Spain in 1925, 1938 and 1961. On the first trip she came to see the works of Spanish painters and made contact with important aristocratic families of the time (the Duke of Sotomayor, the Marquises of La Romana and Arcos, the Duchess of Vistahermosa, etc.). In 1938 she started humanitarian aid, collecting money and donations from New York society for orphans of the civil war and acted as a propaganda distributor for the Francoist cause in the United States. On this occasion she met with people familiar with the situation in Spain to solve the problems of humanitarian aid: Luis Bolín, Pablo Merry del Val, Cardenal Gomá, Carmen de Icaza, and Mercedes Sanz Bachiller. Meière actively participated in providing humanitarian aid in the Franco zone during the years of the civil war while also acting as a staunch supporter of the Francoist cause. After the civil war she continued her collaboration to alleviate aid deficiencies in Spain by facilitating the transport of anesthetics, medicines, surgical materials, etc, but her perspective towards Francoism was changing and gradually her ties to Spain weakened. It was only three years before her death in 1961 that she made one last trip to Spain.
The Hemispheric Approach of Julia Alvarez’s Novels
Authors: Fernández Jiménez Mónica
Published: July 2021

This article analyses three novels by Julia Alvarez–How the García Girls Lost their Accents (1991), In the Time of the Butterflies (1994), and In the Name of Salomé (2000)– through the lenses of Hemispheric American Studies. Inspired by the teachings of Antonio Benítez-Rojo’s theoretical work The Repeating Island: The Caribbean and the Postmodern Perspective (1992), I contend that the categorisation of these novels as Latino literature is not enough to describe all of their richness. These novels portray throughout their pages social, political, and artistic relations that tie all of the Americas together, and their analysis benefits from the essays written by Caribbean post-essentialist critics who developed, during the 1990s, a discourse based on the cultural supersyncretism of the islands that helps us to understand the postmodern globalised worlds as it stands. The novels by Alvarez reflect these theories, as they portray the realities of a New World constricted by the workings of race and racism, capitalism, and postcolonialism.
Distance Education for Students with Learning Disabilities: A Systematic Review
Authors: Alnaim Fahad , Alnaim Mariam , Alrasheed Wejdan , Al-Hamdan Abdullah , Altaysan Maram , ALZuwayyid Fatmah , Al-Mulhim Amna , Alshammari Atheer
Published: July 2021

Distance education has recently achieved rapid development in providing classes virtually. In this systematic review, the researchers examined previous studies that dealt with distance education for students with learning disabilities. Four bibliographic databases (EBSCO, ProQuest, SAGE Journals, and Google Scholar) were searched systematically in October 2020, using pre-defined keywords so that the studies pertained to distance education of students with learning disabilities from the year 2000 until 2020. Through the analysed studies, important topics emerged, such as the impact of distance education on students’ achievements, their emotional and social wellbeing, and the role of the family, in addition to the related uses of augmented reality and distance education applications. The results also showed that distance education, including blended learning, not only involves a change in the educational approach but also assumes a new educational method through which personalisation can be made. Furthermore, they showed that the student is the core of the educational process, and distance education is achievable for students with learning disabilities. The study recommended designing educational platforms in a comprehensive manner to suit the individual and collective needs of learners, as well as providing specialised courses to train students with learning disabilities in the necessary technical skills so they can succeed in distance education.
ANALYSIS OF SMOKING CESSATION EFFORTS IN COFFE STALLS CUSTOMERS IN BANDA ACEH IN 2019
Authors: Azzati Rahmil , Hermasnyah Hermasnyah , Saputra Irwan , Nurjannah Nurjannah , Adamy Aulina
Published: July 2021

Background: Smoking is a major risk factor against the burden of disease in the world. The large number of coffee stalls found in Banda Aceh is one of the causes of the high number of smokers, so it shows that coffee and cigarettes are inseparable. The purpose of this research is to find out the factors that affect smokers in stopping smoking habit in the coffee shop in Banda Aceh in 2019. Methods: This research is analytical observational, using Cross Sectional design. The research site at coffee shops in Banda Aceh was conducted in August 2019. The samples in this study were active smokers. The data was analyzed with a logistic regression test using Stata 13. Result: The results showed that the percentage of respondents who mad efforts to quit smoking was 72.19%. Bivariate analysis shows that there is a link between the number of cigarettes per day that is heavy (p=0.003), medium (p=0.005) and severe (p=0.026) with smoking cessation efforts, while the variable age, the first age of smoking, marital status, income, education, anxiety, alcohol consumption, knowledge, smoking time lag in the morning, and other smokers influences in the family environment has no relationship with quitting smoking. Multivariate analysis shows that the association to quitting smoking is in the in the variable number of cigarettes per day in the moderate, heavy, and severe categories. Conclusion: The most dominant variables that has a connection to smoking cessation is the heavy, moderate and severeamount of cigarettes per day.
Chemical synthesis of C6-tetrazole ᴅ-mannose building blocks and access to a bioisostere of mannuronic acid 1-phosphate
Authors: Dimitriou Eleni , Miller Gavin J
Published: July 2021

Alginate is a biocompatible and industrially relevant polysaccharide that derives many of its important properties from the charged carboxylate groups within its polyuronic acid backbone. The design and inclusion of isosteric replacements for these carboxylates would underpin provision of new oligo-/polysaccharide materials with alternate physicochemical properties. Presented herein is our synthesis of mannuronic acid building blocks, appropriately modified at the carboxylate C6 position with a bioisosteric tetrazole. Thioglycosides containing a protected C6-tetrazole are accessed from a C6-nitrile, through dipolar cycloaddition using NaN3 with n-Bu2SnO. We also demonstrate access to orthogonally C4-protected donors, suitable for iterative oligosaccharide synthesis. The development of these building blocks is showcased to access anomeric 3-aminopropyl- and 1-phosphate free sugars containing this non-native motif.
BARRIERS FACED BY THE FRONTLINE HEALTH WORKERS RELATED TO HEALTH COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES UNDER NATIONAL HEALTH MISSION (NHM) IN CHHOTAUDEPUR DISTRICT OF GUJARAT*
Authors: Sidhpura Megha , Pahad Anjali
Published: July 2021

Health Communication is an integral component of the National Health Mission used for promotion of health programmes and healthy behaviour amongst the communities. According to the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, GoI (2019) a strategic framework for targeted IEC activities using 360-degree communication approach is designed. The Present research was undertaken in a tribal district of Gujarat state-Chhotaudepur to study the barriers related to Health Communication Strategies by the Frontline Health Workers and therefore, a combination of descriptive and analytical methods to explore and describe the existing situation of Health Communication Strategies was adopted. This paper describes about qualitative aspect of the research conducted through total twelve Focus Group Discussions i.e. two in each block (Chhotaudepur, Kawant, Naswadi, Bodeli, PaviJetpur and Sankheda) in which 74 ASHAs, 31 ASHA Facilitators and 34 Female Health Workers. Theme guides was used for FGDs. Results and discussion are illustrated on central themes of research. Data illustrated that majority of the ASHAs faced moderate barriers and significant differences level barriers were reported by those who belonged to Bodeli, having excellent occupational skills, with low knowledge about Health Communication Strategies and average media use expressed Towards Excellence: An Indexed, Refereed & Peer Reviewed Journal of Higher Education / Dr. Megha Sidhpura & Dr. Anjali Pahad / Page 482-495 March, 2021. VOL.13. ISSUE NO. 1 https://hrdc.gujaratuniversity.ac.in/Publication Page | 483 more barriers than their counterparts. Barriers related to availability, accessibility and characteristics of beneficiaries for Health Communication Strategies were faced to great extent by ASHAs and ASHA Facilitators, however, FHWs expressed barriers related to increase in workload due to duplication of data entry at multiple levels and teething problems in TeCHO, In a nutshell, results conclude that despite knowing the fact that Health Communication has a significant role to play, this component of NHM is neglected. Hence, the findings demand serious attention on the part of NHM officials and media experts who are the custodian of the community process component of NHM and also academicians and researchers who can also contribute immensely. It is suggested to pay utmost importance and adopt to evidence-based scientific approach for design, production and provision of tailormade, useful and effective Health Communication Strategies for grass-root level health workers and volunteers to foster communication efforts in improving on social determinants of health, achieving behavioural change.
DARUL AMAN GROUNDWATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF
AFGHANISTAN
Authors: Aziz Abdul Mohammad , Shirzad Mohammad Dawod , Solanki Hitesh
Published: July 2021

Groundwater is the most important natural resource used for drinking by many people around the
world, especially in arid and semi-arid areas. Groundwater is the major source of drinking water in
rural as well as in urban areas and over 94% of the drinking water demand is met by groundwater.
The study was carried out to assess the ground water quality and its suitability for drinking purpose in
Darulaman, Kabul Afghanistan. For this purpose, four water samples collected from bore wells of
villages of study area were analyzed for different chemical parameters such as pH,total, magnesium
hardness, sodium, chloride, nitrate, fluoride, cyanide. The results of analysis carried out showed the
following concentration ranges: pH value in this research found from (7.423 to 7.45, calcium
hardness from (96.19 to 192.3) mg/L. Magnesium hardness varied from (40.2 to 90.14) mg/L and
chloride from (0.02 to 17) mg/L. Values of nitrate concentration varied from (0.5 to 3.5) mg/L and
fluoride from (0.22 to 0.41) mg/L., cyanide from ranges (0.002 to 0.007. The study reveals that
almost all parameters were exceeding the permissible limits. As per the desirable and maximum
permissible limit for fluoride, nitrate, total dissolved solids and chloride in drinking water,
determined by WHO standards, groundwater sources are unfit for drinking purposes respectively.
After evaluating the data of this study, it is concluded that drinking water of Darul Aman is not
potable and there is an instant need to take ameliorative steps in this region to prevent the population
from adverse health effects.
Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia as a Sequela of COVID-19
Authors: SM Zubair , HH Muhammad Zaid , S Talha
Published: July 2021

A 71 years old male came to the hospital with the complaint of cough and fever since 7 days. He was diagnosed with severe COVID pneumonia and was managed with steroids and tocilizumab. He was discharged on steroids and came after 20 days with complaints of worsening shortness of breath and hypoxia. Bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage was done which showed positive PCR for Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia (PCP). Patient was started on co-trimoxazole and steroids after which he showed remarkable improvement. This is one of the rare cases in which patient developed PCP as a sequelae of COVID-19.
Validation of the Arabic Version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire II (A-COPSOQ II) among Workers in Oil and Gas Industrial Sector
Authors: NA Osman , RN Bedwani , GM Shehata , MM Emam , AM Rabie
Published: July 2021

Introduction: The undisputed increase of the relevance of measuring the work-related psychosocial factors is confronted with a lack of qualified well-documented measuring instruments covering all important aspects. Aim: To develop and validate a standardized Arabic version of the COPSOQ II for evaluating the psychosocial environment at the oil and gas workplace. Method: COPSOQ network guidelines for validation studies were followed. The original Danish COPSOQ II (Long version) was meticulously translated and comprehensively validated among an adaptation sample of 500 oil and gas industry workers in the Suez Oil Processing Company in Egypt. Only 438 workers completed the questionnaire in Arabic and English languages with demonstrated sociodemographic data (Yielding a response rate of 87.6%). Psychometric properties of COPSOQ II scale items were depicted in terms of descriptive statistics, feasibility analysis, and internal consistency. Furthermore, A-COPSOQ II was tested for factorial validity using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Results: Mean age of the study participants was 35 ± 6 years. Scales of Arabic COPSOQ depicted a great Concordance and Reliability (C-α > 0.7). Content Validity Index (CVI) was estimated to be 0.87; ranging from 0.7 - 0.9. Models of exploratory factor analyses projected a reflective working model with reasonable results in 33 out of 41 overall scales. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed an acceptable fit (X2 = 745.67, X2/df = 2.09, SRMR = 0.058, CFI = 0.87). Conclusion: Arabic version of COPSOQ II is a relevant and culturally accepted conceptual instrument for tracking psychosocial hazards and promoting a safe environment for all workers.
O IMPACTO DAS NOVAS TECNOLOGIAS NA DEMANDA DO LÍTIO
Authors: Vale Eduardo
Published: July 2021

SINOPSE
Este texto apresenta uma síntese do estudo sobre o lítio (Li) preparado pelo Ipea no âmbito da cooperação institucional (Termo de Execução Descentralizada – TED) com o Ministério de Minas e Energia (MME). O artigo oferece um diagnóstico horizontal, embora focado em tópicos selecionados, e uma análise do impacto das novas tecnologias na demanda do lítio. A partir da análise da situação atual, são discutidos cenários prospectivos de modo a referenciar as sugestões de políticas e ações setoriais de governo especificamente direcionadas à cadeia industrial do lítio.
IMPACTO DA COVID-19 NAS EXPORTAÇÕES DAS PRINCIPAIS
COMMODITIES BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Mota José Aroudo Mota
Published: July 2021

Diante das incertezas e oscilações no mercado de commodities até 2019, surgiu, a partir de fevereiro de 2020, um novo ator de compressão do comércio internacional: a Covid-19 e seus impactos nas economias globais. Por um lado, alguns dos impactos negativos da pandemia da Covid-19 no produto interno bruto (PIB) dos países que têm laços comerciais com o Brasil já são mensuráveis. Por outro lado, o comércio exterior brasileiro tem
demonstrado resiliência, especialmente o setor extrativo mineral e as commodities agrícolas. Este artigo analisa o comportamento do comércio exterior brasileiro no período de 2019 e 2020, enfatizando as principais commodities negociadas no mercado internacional.
Decapod crustaceans associated with the shrimp fishery of the central-south portion of Veracruz, Mexico
Authors: Morán-Silva Angel , Cházaro-Olvera Sergio , Chávez-López Rafael , Vázquez-López Horacio , Rodríguez-Varela Asela del Carmen , Mejía-López Marcos
Published: July 2021

The objective of this study was to analyze the brachyuran crab assemblages associated with shrimp fishing on the central-southern coast of Veracruz. Information was collected using 46 trawls organized within nine fishing quadrants. The total catch shrimp, bycatch, and discard were recorded and standardized (CPUE kg h-1). Value index by species, species richness, diversity using Shannon and Weaver index, and equitability were determined. A total of 3055 individuals were collected, which corresponded to nine families, 13 genera, and 14 species. Achelous spinicarpus species were identified at the greatest relative abundance (77.74%). Four new species records for the zone: Hepatus pudibundus, Iliacantha liodactylus, Leiolambrus punctatissimus, and Platylambrus granulatus. Species richness varied according to fishing quadrant and depth interval assessed. The highest value of species richness was eight, and observed Margalef species richness index values ranged from 0 to 2.23. The diversity values ranged from 0 to 2.41 bits ind-1; this may indicate that a few species share the greatest impact of trawling. The presence of lagoon systems was determined to define a portion of the composition of the assemblage. Understanding assemblage structure is important to improve knowledge on the impact of shrimp trawling activity on the ecosystem.
The culture potential and management problems of freshwater prawns (Macrobrachium americanum and Macrobrachium tenellum) in their native areas: the case for Mexico
Authors: De los Santos Romero Rodolfo , Vega-Villasante Fernando , Cortes-Jacinto Edilmar , García-Guerrero Marcelo
Published: July 2021

Macrobrachium tenellum and M. americanum are common freshwater prawns from the Americas' tropical and subtropical Pacific continental side. They have different biological attributes and are currently threatened by human impact on their ecosystems. Both species provide different quality products for human consumption and are intensively exploited without proper management. This study analyzes, discusses, and compares the available information for both species and their current status as a live resource.
Effect of light intensity and nutrient concentration on growth and pigments of the green microalga Tetraselmis suecica
Authors: Montes-González Omar , González-Silvera Adriana , Valenzuela-Espinoza Enrique , Santamaría-del-Ángel Eduardo , López-Calderón Jorge
Published: July 2021

Tetraselmis suecica is a green microalga that thrives under a wide range of conditions, used in the commercial culture of fish, mollusk, and crustacean larvae for supplementing the demand for fertilizers. Its pigments have applications in human health care as drug products, vitamins, and cosmetics. Growth and pigment concentration of T. suecica were evaluated in experimental cultures with different nutrient concentrations and light intensities to determine the most appropriate culture conditions to optimize the production of biomass and pigments. Chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, lutein, violaxanthin, α, β-carotene, and neoxanthin concentrations were evaluated under three different nutrient conditions (441.5/18.1, 883/36.3, and 1766/76.2 μM of NaNO3/NaH2PO4) and four light intensities (50, 150, 300, and 750 μmol quanta m-2 s-1). Increases in either or both of these factors lead to increases in the concentration of all pigments. Chlorophyll-a reached up to 5×103 mg m-3, chlorophyll-b up to 2500 mg m-3, lutein 600 mg m-3, violaxanthin 300 mg m-3, α, β-carotene 500 mg m-3, and neoxanthin 400 mg m-3. Growth rate (μ) attained values of 1.6 d-1. An index to evaluate the efficiency of pigment production by light intensity (called LER) was computed. The highest LER was recorded at 50 μmol quanta m-2 s-1 and a nutrient concentration of 1766/76.2 μM (NaNO3/NaH2PO4); this treatment optimizes pigment production with the lowest light intensity. Our results show that the optimum light intensity should be selected according to the objective of the culture, either maximizing pigment concentration for harvesting at higher concentrations or reducing production costs regarding light consumption.
Effect of dietary inulin in the gut microbiota of whiteleg shrimp Penaeus vannamei
Authors: Escamilla-Montes Ruth , Barraza Aarón , Luna-González Antonio , Angulo Carlos , Fierro-Coronado Jesús Arturo , Diarte-Plata Genaro , Flores-Miranda Ma. del Carmen
Published: July 2021

The effect of dietary inulin on the intestinal bacterial communities of Penaeus vannamei by 16S metagenomic analysis was assessed. PCR amplified the V3 region of the bacterial 16S rDNA. Sequencing reads were generated using the 2×150 (300 cycles) for the base-read length chemistry of the Illumina MiniSeq platform. The software Shaman and MicrobiomeAnalyst were used to analyze the sequences. The phylum Proteobacteria and the genus Vibrio were among the most abundant taxonomic ranks for control and inulin treatment. The relative abundance of the phylum Bacteroidetes and genus Ruegeria was lower in inulin treatment concerning the control condition. Alpha and beta indices did not show significant differences between inulin treatment and control conditions. For all samples, most of the bacterial organisms showed the presence of carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism-related genes, and to a lesser extent, of energy, lipid, and cofactors and vitamin metabolism-related genes. The principal metabolic functions were glycine, serine, threonine, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate, purine, pyrimidine, pyruvate, and quorum sensing. The interaction network analysis showed fewer interactions in the inulin treatment concerning control condition. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Vibrio, and Ruegeria predominated in all samples, and inulin did not change the net microbial diversity in the intestine of P. vannamei. Streptomyces, Roseobacter, and Ruegeria showed negative interactions with Vibrio, suggesting their use as probiotics. This study sheds light on the inulin supplement on the essential role of microbiota in the shrimp.