bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between Coronary Artery Measurements and Retinal Microvasculature in Children with New Onset of Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Lim Edward Jianyang , Aris Izzuddin M. , Choo Jonathan , Wong Tien Yin , Li Ling-Jun
Published: November 2019

About a quarter of children with new onset of Kawasaki disease (KD) encounter coronary arterial involvement. While KD is known to cause vasculitis of medium-sized vessels, few studies have been done to study the involvement of the microcirculation. We aimed to investigate the association between coronary arterial dilatation and retinal microvasculature in a pilot setting, in order to further study the pathophysiological mechanism of KD from the perspective of small vessels changes. We performed a cross-sectional, observational, hospital-based study on 11 children aged 2 years and above with new-onset KD. Cardiac imaging technicians performed the echocardiographic examinations and recorded right coronary artery (RCA), left coronary artery (LCA) and left anterior descending artery (LAD). Qualified retinal graders reviewed and graded standardised retinal photographs to assess retinal microvascular parameters. Among 11 participants, there were 7 boys and 4 girls. Median and interquartile range of participants’ age were 5.92 (3.08) years. After adjusting for age and sex, each unit increase in LAD (mm) was significantly associated with increment of retinal arteriolar tortuosity (4.25 × 10−5 units, 95% Confidence Interval: 1.19, 7.32). Retinal arteriolar geometric changes were associated with LAD dilatation in 11 children with new onset of KD. Our pilot provided proof-of-concept that retinal imaging might be useful for detecting coronary arterial involvement in young children with KD and it needs further investigation.
Assessing Rat Forelimb and Hindlimb Motor Unit Connectivity as Objective and Robust Biomarkers of Spinal Motor Neuron Function
Authors: Harrigan Markus E. , Filous Angela R. , Tosolini Andrew P. , Morris Renee , Schwab Jan M. , Arnold W. David
Published: November 2019

Sensitive and objective biomarkers of neuronal injury, degeneration, and regeneration can help facilitate translation of experimental findings into clinical testing. Whereas measures of upper motor neuron connectivity have been readily established, functional assessments of lower motor neuron (LMN) innervation of forelimb muscles are lacking. Compound muscle action potential (CMAP) and motor unit (MU) number estimation (MUNE) are well-established methods that allow longitudinal MU integrity monitoring in patients. In analogy we refined CMAP and MUNE methods for assessing spinal MU input in the rat forelimb and hindlimb. Repeated CMAP and MUNE recordings are robust (coefficients of variability: 4.5–11.3%), and MUNE measurements from forelimb wrist flexor muscles (415 ± 8 [SEM]) align with back-traced anatomical LMN counts (336 ± 16 [SEM]). For disease validation, cross-sectional blinded electrophysiological and muscle contractility measurements were obtained in a cohort of G93A SOD1 mutant overexpressing rats and compared with controls. Longitudinal assessment of mutant animals demonstrated progressive motor unit decline in the hindlimb to a greater extent than the forelimb. Hindlimb CMAP and MUNE demonstrated strong correlations with plantarflexion muscle contractility. Cross-species assessment of upper/fore- limb and lower/hind- limb motor units using objective electrophysiological CMAP and MUNE values as biomarkers will guide and improve bi-directional translation.
Serum d-serine accumulation after proximal renal tubular damage involves neutral amino acid transporter Asc-1
Authors: Suzuki Masataka , Gonda Yusuke , Yamada Marina , Vandebroek Arno A. , Mita Masashi , Hamase Kenji , Yasui Masato , Sasabe Jumpei
Published: November 2019

Chiral separation has revealed enantio-specific changes in blood and urinary levels of amino acids in kidney diseases. Blood d-/l-serine ratio has been identified to have a correlation with creatinine-based kidney function. However, the mechanism of distinctive behavior in serine enantiomers is not well understood. This study was performed to investigate the role of renal tubules in derangement of serine enantiomers using a mouse model of cisplatin-induced tubular injury. Cisplatin treatment resulted in tubular damage histologically restricted to the proximal tubules and showed a significant increase of serum d-/l-serine ratio with positive correlations to serum creatinine and blood urine nitrogen (BUN). The increased d-/l-serine ratio did not associate with activity of a d-serine degrading enzyme, d-amino acid oxidase, in the kidney. Screening transcriptions of neutral amino acid transporters revealed that Asc-1, found in renal tubules and collecting ducts, was significantly increased after cisplatin-treatment, which correlates with serum d-serine increase. In vitro study using a kidney cell line showed that Asc-1 is induced by cisplatin and mediated influx of d-serine preferably to l-serine. Collectively, these results suggest that cisplatin-induced damage of proximal tubules accompanies Asc-1 induction in tubules and collecting ducts and leads to serum d-serine accumulation.
Comparative muscle irritation and pharmacokinetics of florfenicol-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex freeze-dried powder injection and florfenicol commercial injection in beagle dogs
Authors: Fan Guoqing , Zhang Li , Shen Yun , Shu Gang , Yuan Zhixiang , Lin Juchun , Zhang Wei , Peng Guangneng , Zhong Zhijun , Yin Lizi , Fu Hualin
Published: November 2019

Florfenicol (FF) is a novel animal-specific amidohydrin broad-spectrum antibiotic. However, its aqueous solubility is extremely poor, far below the effective dose required for veterinary clinic. Thus, FF is often used in large doses, which significantly limits its preparation and application. To overcome these shortcomings, the FF-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (FF-HP-β-CD) inclusion complexes were developed using the solution-stirring method. The physical properties of FF-HP-β-CD were characterized. A comparison was conducted between FF and FF-HP-β-CD freeze-dried powder injection of their muscle irritation and the pharmacokinetics. The drug loading and saturated solubility of FF-HP-β-CD at 37 °C were 11.78% ± 0.04% and 78.93 ± 0.42 mg/mL, respectively (35.4-fold compared with FF). Results of scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared showed that FF was entrapped in the inner cavity of HP-β-CD, and the inclusion complex formed in an amorphous state. In comparison with FF commercial injection, FF-HP-β-CD increased the elimination half-life (t1/2β), transport rate constant (K10, K12, K21), and maximum concentration (Cmax) after intramuscular injection in beagle dogs. Conversely, it decreased the distribution half-life (t1/2α), absorption rate constant (Ka), apparent volume of distribution (V1/F), and peak time (Tmax). These results suggest that FF-HP-β-CD freeze-dried powder injection is a promising formulation for clinical application.
The inhibition of Bax activation-induced apoptosis by RasGRP2 via R-Ras-PI3K-Akt signaling pathway in the endothelial cells
Authors: Takino Jun-ichi , Sato Takuma , Nagamine Kentaro , Hori Takamitsu
Published: November 2019

Apoptosis of endothelial cells is a very important event in various diseases and angiogenesis. We recently reported that ras guanyl nucleotide releasing protein 2 (RasGRP2), which is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, was expressed in the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and that Rap1 activation by its overexpression inhibited apoptosis by suppressing tumor necrosis factor-α induced-reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. However, other signaling pathways and roles of RasGRP2 not mediated via Rap1 are not well understood. Therefore, we compared the Mock (M) and the RasGRP2-stable overexpression (R) immortalized HUVECs using BAM7 and anisomycin, which are apoptosis inducers. BAM7 and anisomycin induced apoptosis without causing ROS production, and such apoptosis was significantly increased in M cells, but not in R cells. RasGRP2 suppressed BAM7- and anisomycin-induced apoptosis, but not via the Rap1 pathway as observed using Rap1 knockdown. Furthermore, RasGRP2 activated not only Rap1 but also R-Ras, and suppressed apoptosis by activating R-Ras-phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt signaling pathway. The phosphorylation of Akt by RasGRP2 inhibited Bax translocation by promoting translocation of hexokinase-2 (HK-2) from cytoplasm to mitochondria. Taken together, it was suggested that RasGRP2 suppresses the Bax activation-induced apoptosis by promoting HK-2 translocation to mitochondria via R-Ras-PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.
Observation of scalable sub-Poissonian-field lasing in a microlaser
Authors: Ann Byoung-moo , Song Younghoon , Kim Junki , Yang Daeho , An Kyungwon
Published: November 2019

Sub-Poisson field with much reduced fluctuations in a cavity can boost quantum precision measurements via cavity-enhanced light-matter interactions. Strong coupling between an atom and a cavity mode has been utilized to generate highly sub-Poisson fields. However, a macroscopic number of optical intracavity photons with more than 3 dB variance reduction has not been possible. Here, we report sub-Poisson field lasing in a microlaser operating with hundreds of atoms with well-regulated atom-cavity coupling and interaction time. Its photon-number variance was 4 dB below the standard quantum limit while the intracavity mean photon number scalable up to 600. The highly sub-Poisson photon statistics were not deteriorated by simultaneous interaction of a large number of atoms. Our finding suggests an effective pathway to widely scalable near-Fock-state lasing at the macroscopic scale.
Correction: Powering sustainable development within planetary boundaries
Authors: Algunaibet Ibrahim M. , Pozo Carlos , Galán-Martín Ángel , Huijbregts Mark A. J. , Mac Dowell Niall , Guillén-Gosálbez Gonzalo
Published: November 2019

Correction for ‘Powering sustainable development within planetary boundaries’ by Ibrahim M. Algunaibet et al., Energy Environ. Sci., 2019, 12, 1890–1900.
Podoviridaebacteriophage for the biocontrol ofPseudomonas aeruginosain rainwater
Authors: Reyneke Brandon , Khan Sehaam , Fernández-Ibáñez Pilar , Khan Wesaal
Published: November 2019

Bacteriophages targetingPseudomonasspp. were isolated and characterised for the biocontrol pre-treatment of rainwater.
The effects of blueberry and strawberry serum metabolites on age-related oxidative and inflammatory signalingin vitro
Authors: Rutledge Grant A. , Fisher Derek R. , Miller Marshall G. , Kelly Megan E. , Bielinski Donna F. , Shukitt-Hale Barbara
Published: November 2019

Berry fruits contain a variety of bioactive polyphenolic compounds that exhibit potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
A rigid spirocyclic diol from fructose-based 5-hydroxymethylfurfural: synthesis, life-cycle assessment, and polymerization for renewable polyesters and poly(urethane-urea)s
Authors: Warlin Niklas , Garcia Gonzalez Maria Nelly , Mankar Smita , Valsange Nitin G. , Sayed Mahmoud , Pyo Sang-Hyun , Rehnberg Nicola , Lundmark Stefan , Hatti-Kaul Rajni , Jannasch Patric , Zhang Baozhong
Published: November 2019

Fructose based rigid diol with a spirocyclic structure and low GHG emission profile toward high performance biopolymers.
Highly sensitive quantification of site-specific 5-hydroxymethylcytosine at single-base resolution by HpaII-mediated ligation PCR
Authors: Zhang Zhenhao , Shan Xiao , Zhang Pengbo , Liu Weiliang , Yan Jingli , Li Zhengping
Published: November 2019

A highly sensitive HpaII-mediated ligation PCR assay is proposed to precisely discriminate 5hmC from 5mC and C.
Effect of alkyl distribution in pyrazine on pyrazine flavor release in bovine serum albumin solution
Authors: Ma Yun-Jiao , Wu Jian-Hai , Li Xiang , Xu Xian-Bing , Wang Zhen-Yu , Wu Chao , Du Ming , Song Liang
Published: November 2019

The methyl groups on the pyrazine ring affect the interaction of pyrazines with BSA. The non-covalent interaction between alkyl-pyrazines and BSA was confirmed. Alkyl-pyrazines could induce the polarity and conformation change of BSA.
N, O and P co-doped honeycomb-like hierarchical porous carbon derived from Sophora japonica for high performance supercapacitors
Authors: Zhang Li , Zhu Yuxia , Zhao Guangzhen , Li Yanjiang , Zhu Guang
Published: November 2019

N, O and P co-doped honeycomb-like hierarchical porous carbon (N-P-HHPC-3) derived from Sophora japonica displays an ultrahigh energy density (80.8 W h kg−1 at 1500 W kg−1) and outstanding long-term stability.
Development of a new efficient and economical magnetic sorbent silicone surfactant-based activated carbon for the removal of chloro- and nitro-group phenolic compounds from contaminated water samples
Authors: Gopal K. , Mohd N. I. , Raoov M. , Suah F. B. M. , Yahaya N. , Zain N. N. M.
Published: November 2019

In this study, activated carbon (AC) coated with a green silicone surfactant (SS) was further incorporated with magnetite particles (Fe3O4) to enhance the separation of the newly designed magnetic AC–SS (Fe3O4@AC–SS) in a magnetic field.
Remote loading of curcumin-in-modified β-cyclodextrins into liposomes using a transmembrane pH gradient
Authors: Odeh Fadwa , Nsairat Hamdi , Alshaer Walhan , Alsotari Shrouq , Buqaien Rula , Ismail Said , Awidi Abdalla , Al Bawab Abeer
Published: November 2019

The current study provides a novel remote loading approach utilizing chemically modified cyclodextrins to incorporate hydrophobic drugs into liposomes.
Changes in protein hydration dynamics by encapsulation or crowding of ubiquitin: strong correlation between time-dependent Stokes shift and intermolecular nuclear Overhauser effect
Authors: Honegger Philipp , Heid Esther , Schmode Stella , Schröder Christian , Steinhauser Othmar
Published: November 2019

Changes in local protein hydration dynamics caused by encapsulation or crowding are reflected in the TDSS and the intermolecular NOE alike.
Synthesis and characterisation of fluorinated epitaxial films of BaFeO2F: tailoring magnetic anisotropyviaa lowering of tetragonal distortion
Authors: Nair Akash , Wollstadt Stephan , Witte Ralf , Dasgupta Supratik , Kehne Philipp , Alff Lambert , Komissinskiy Philipp , Clemens Oliver
Published: November 2019

Fluorination of epitaxially grown thin films of BaFeO2.5to BaFeO2F results in increased magnetic anisotropy.
Comparative study on the electronic structures and redox reactions in LiCrX2 and NaCrX2 (X = O and S)
Authors: He Yuewen , Shi Xiaohong , Zheng Meiying , Wu Shunqing , Yang Yong , Zhu Zizhong
Published: November 2019

A comparative study on the electronic structures and redox reactions in oxides (LiCrO2, NaCrO2) and sulfides (LiCrS2, NaCrS2) has been performed. All the S, O and Cr participate in the redox reactions.
A Maitake (Grifola frondosa) polysaccharide ameliorates Alzheimer's disease-like pathology and cognitive impairments by enhancing microglial amyloid-β clearance
Authors: Bai Yao , Chen Lingling , Chen Yao , Chen Xinmeng , Dong Yilong , Zheng Shangyong , Zhang Lei , Li Weiyuan , Du Jing , Li Hongliang
Published: November 2019

PGM ameliorates AD-like pathology and cognitive impairments by enhancing microglial amyloid-β clearance.
P3HT-based visible-light organic photodetectors using PEI/PAA multilayers as a p-type buffer layer
Authors: Ji Chan Hyuk , Lee Seon Ju , Oh Se Young
Published: November 2019

Although PEI/PAA multilayers are insulators, when used as a p-type buffer layer in organic photodetector, they suppressed the leakage current and also provided a high photocurrent due to the light-assisted tunneling effect.
Towards dual inhibitors of the MET kinase and WNT signaling pathway; design, synthesis and biological evaluation
Authors: Lien Vegard Torp , Kristiansen Margrethe Konstanse , Pettersen Solveig , Haugen Mads Haugland , Olberg Dag Erlend , Waaler Jo , Klaveness Jo
Published: November 2019

Dual inhibitors of MET and WNT signaling may have synergistic effects, and the design, synthesis and evaluation of such first-in-class small-molecules are reported.
Enantioselective synthesis of isochromans and tetrahydroisoquinolines by C–H insertion of donor/donor carbenes
Authors: Nickerson Leslie A. , Bergstrom Benjamin D. , Gao Mingchun , Shiue Yuan-Shin , Laconsay Croix J. , Culberson Matthew R. , Knauss Walker A. , Fettinger James C. , Tantillo Dean J. , Shaw Jared T.
Published: November 2019

Six-membered ring oxygen and nitrogen heterocycles are formed stereoselectively by C–H insertion of donor/donor carbenes.
Distributed optimisation based on multi‐agent system for resource allocation with communication time‐delay
Authors: Li Kaixuan , Liu Qingshan , Zeng Zhigang
Published: November 2019

In this study, the distributed optimisation for solving resource allocation problem with both local bound and equality constraints is studied. A continuous‐time multi‐agent system with communication time‐delay is proposed for the resource allocation. First, to reduce communication cost, a new modified multi‐agent system is proposed inspired by previous work. Next, based on the system, the communication time‐delay is considered to reduce the communication cost and match real situation. Then, by choosing proper parameters, sufficient conditions are derived for convergence to the optimal solution of the distributed optimisation. Moreover, delay‐free case is also considered, which proves that the system is convergent based on directed communication graph by choosing proper parameters. Finally, simulation results demonstrate the characteristics of the system.
Output feedback model predictive control based on set‐membership state estimation
Authors: Qiu Quanwei , Yang Fuwen , Zhu Yong , Mousavinejad Eman
Published: November 2019

In this study, a novel output feedback model predictive control based on ellipsoidal set‐membership state estimation is proposed for systems with unknown but bounded external disturbances. The set‐membership state estimation is utilised to estimate the current system states for the optimisation of model predictive control such that the actual states are not required. Ellipsoidal set‐membership estimation guarantees that the real system state lies in the ellipsoid originated from the estimated state. The control inputs computed by solving the optimisation problem recursively regulate the system state to converge to a domain containing the origin. All the quadratic matrix inequality conditions are conservatively approximated as linear matrix inequality conditions such that the optimisation problems can be solved by using semi‐definite programming. System constraints are analysed over all the prediction horizon and transformed into linear matrix inequalities for the direct incorporation into the optimisation. Simulation examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Multi‐sensor data fusion between radio tomographic imaging and noise radar
Authors: Vergara Christopher , Martin Richard K. , Collins Peter J. , Lievsay James R.
Published: November 2019

Radio tomographic imaging and noise radar are two proven surveillance technologies. The novelty of fusing data from radio tomographic imaging and noise radar is achieved with the derivation of a fusion technique utilising Tikhonov regularisation. Analysing the results of the Tikhonov influenced techniques reveals an average 43–47% error decrease in target centroid location, a 13–19% size decreases in target pixel dispersion and a 6–41% improvement in an ideal solution comparison. Results provide the radio tomographic imaging and noise radar communities a proof of concept for the fusion of data from two disparate sensor technologies.
Lessons learned from case histories of reservoirs lined with geomembranes
Authors: Giroud J.P.
Published: November 2019

Three case histories (in Europe, the Middle East and North America) are used to address some important aspects of the design and performance of geomembrane-lined reservoirs constructed on, or in, soil and rock. After a brief introduction to geomembranes and related geosynthetics, a first case history presents the failure of the liner of a reservoir located on karstic ground. The following lesson was learned: a defective construction detail, combined with an inadequate design (due in part to ignorance of the geological and geotechnical conditions), can cause a catastrophic failure. This case history led to the development of the double liner concept. The second case history is about a double liner. It illustrates the important role played by the mechanical properties of the geomembrane. Geotechnical engineers, who are accustomed to deal with complex materials such as soils and rocks, are well prepared to understand the properties of geomembranes. A third case history shows that a “zero-leakage guarantee” offered by irresponsible suppliers of geomembranes, and believed by uninformed owners and engineers, can lead to a catastrophic failure. This case history illustrates the importance of a design that addresses the potential consequences of leakage through liners. The conclusion of this paper is that only a rigorous engineering approach, including both geotechnical and geosynthetics aspects, can ensure the successful performance of geomembrane-lined reservoirs and other liquid containment structures such as dams and canals. Examples presented at the end of the paper show that large reservoirs, canals and dams have been successfully constructed with a geomembrane liner as the sole waterproof component.
Object Model of Technical Solutions for Designing a Locomotive Train
Authors: Antipin Dmitry , Vorobiev Vladimir , Bondarenko Denis
Published: November 2019

The task of creating a method for constructing components and parts of a locomotive drive, allowing not only to simulate the physical properties of the latter but also to form and automate the recognition of technical solutions, is considered. A model of a traction drive, which is a system of sets of descriptions of real objects of the set which makes it possible to create mathematical models of the structure in the form of a set of related elements included in the libraries of well-known solutions, is proposed. In contrast to previously known methods based on the procedure of creating new solutions under which a prototype of the structure is made and then improved on the basis of an empirical analysis of its development (while the design task is to create new structures). In the proposed method the basis for the construction of the technical system objective model is the classification of technical systems. Solutions to eleminate jamming of the sleeves of the axes with the transverse movement of the engine are proposed. A patent for the invention and two patents for the utility models are obtained.
Linear Synchronous Motor Model
Authors: Syrkin Ilya
Published: November 2019

Liner synchronous motor (LSM) is perspective motor for milling machines and other manufacturing equipment such as 3D printers, laser cutting and engraving machines, etc. Some different construction of LSM can be found. The LSM with permanent magnets is modeled in this paper. Comsol Multiphysics is used for finite element model of LSM. Motor stator is built using rear earth magnets N52, an anchor consists of 6 teeth with 3-phase winding. Large cogging force is the problem of LSM, so there is task to reduce this force. This task can be solved by motor geometry optimization. Geometric parameter of motor is represented by variables. It allowed using optimization methods for best geometry search. FEM model with two different mesh sizes is analysed in this paper. Each mesh allows find solution but calculation time and tolerance are different. During experiments, optimal size of tooth for maximal driving force is found. Cogging force is also reduced.
Unification of Design Decisions for Elements of Products Described by Structured Multiple Modules
Authors: Bazrov Boris , Kheifetz Mikhail , Popok Nikolay
Published: November 2019

The shortcomings of the traditional description of the engineering product are shown. It is proposed to represent the design of the product and its details with a structured set of corresponding modules, in the form of a graph of a hierarchical structure. The characteristics of the structure of the product graph are considered: the number of levels, nodes, branches. The description of the structures of products by a hierarchical graph at the first level makes it possible to identify functional technological modules of the products and, on their basis, to construct a unified classification of products as objects of exploitation. Representation of parts by a set of modules allows you to identify modules based, working and connecting surfaces and on their basis to build a single classification of parts, focused on different stages of the product life cycle. The presence of a unified methodological base allows you to manage the development of product designs, minimize duplication in the creation of new designs and effectively develop technologies for their manufacture.
The Kinematic Analysis of the Screw Conveyor Vibration Exciter
Authors: Kobylyansky Dmitriy , Gogolin Viacheslav
Published: November 2019

The article presents a method of calculating the parameters of the screw conveyor vibration exciter. The calculation scheme of the new design of the vibration exciter, which allows to determine the parameters of the vibrations excited by this device taking into account the structural novelty and the specifics of the vibration exciter, in particular, in the screw reloader is also given. A system of equations describing the harmonic oscillations of the auger shaft axis, including the amplitudes of horizontal and vertical oscillations, is presented. As a result, a system of parametric equations describing the external and internal envelope line is obtained. When solving the system of equations, the equations of the boundary curves of internal and external rotating bodies are derived. The equations allow to calculate the trajectory of any point by its given polar coordinates. Examples of rotating bodies for different types of displacements of the triangle center in the calculation scheme, which are described by harmonic oscillations, are shown. The dependences of the body shape on the direction of oscillations along the coordinate axes are illustrated. It is shown that the transition from horizontal to vertical oscillations leads to a loss of symmetry of the body. The amplitude and frequency of oscillations also have a significant impact on the shape of the body. The forms of the rotating bodies, giving the possibility of combining the rotation and oscillation when driving on rollers are determined. The problem is generalized to an arbitrary number of regularly arranged rollers. The given technique gives the principal opportunity to create designs of vibrators that combine vibrations with rotation on rollers.
Experimental Studies of Drilling Tools Magnetic Catchers with the Parallel Connection of Permanent Magnets
Authors: Kobylyansky Mikhail. , Ermolaev Aleksey , Kobylyansky Dmitriy
Published: November 2019

The article presents the results of bench and industrial tests of drilling tools magnetic catchers with the parallel connection of permanent magnets. The catchers are developed on the basis of optimization studies of the mathematical model of the U-shaped magnetic system. The catchers on ferrite-barium magnets with U-shaped magnetic systems showed very low characteristics. The catcher with unshielded magnetic system also showed low power and magnetic parameters. Production tests of such a catcher in a real iron ore well demonstrated its unsuitability for the extraction of the drilling tool elements. Laboratory studies of a magnetic catcher with the shielded U-shaped magnetic system on powerful rare earth magnets have shown that it has high power and magnetic parameters. Its industrial tests in the mine showed high efficiency of the extraction of the drilling tool broken off elements, in particular, crowns and pneumatic hammers. A catcher with the parallel connection of rare-earth magnets with step-shaped magnetic cores was also studied. It has even higher characteristics. The use of step magnetic cores allows to reduce the consumption of magnetic materials by a third. The best results were shown by a catcher with a quadruply connected magnetic system made according to the cruciform configuration on rare earth magnets. The results of the experimental studies well agree with the calculated data, the difference is 10-20%.
Ultrasonic Surface Hardening of Low Carbon Steels and Non-Ferrous Alloys
Authors: Rakhimyanov Kharis , Gileta Viktor , Samul Artem
Published: November 2019

The possibility of using ultrasonic surface hardening with implementing the indenter tangential oscillations to the deformed surface to improve the quality of the detail surface layer produced from low carbon steel and ferrous alloys is considered in the paper. The mathematical description of the trajectory of the relative displacement of the instrument and the detail is presented. It is established that the important technological parameter influencing the character of the formed micro-geometry is the angle between the instrument vectors and the detail speed. The effect of the technological factors of the ultrasonic surface hardening on the amplitude and spacing parameters of the surface roughness are revealed. The results of the research showed that the ultrasonic processing at the tangential oscillations of the indenter allows forming a stable micro-geometrical state of the surface layer with low values of the amplitude and spacing parameters on the details made from non-ferrous alloys and low carbon steels.
Simulation of multi-contact wave strain hardening
Authors: Kirichek Andrey , Barinov Sergey , Yashin Aleksandr
Published: November 2019

The article raises the problem of reducing pressure in the deformation zone during hardening of plastic materials by shock pulses. It is proposed to use the method of wave strain hardening and its multi-contact loading scheme as its solution. To accelerate the study of the influence of WSH technological parameters on the process of plastic material hardening, its finite element modeling is used. From the obtained patterns, the most significant technological parameters of the multi-contact WSH process were established and the ranges of their values providing effective hardening of plastic materials are given.
Investigation of the influence of the geometrical dimensions of the striker on the efficiency of energy transfer of shock pulses during wave strain hardening
Authors: Kirichek Andrey , Barinov Sergey , Yashin Aleksandr
Published: November 2019

The article presents data on the influence of the geometric parameters of a flat-faced rod shock system on the efficiency of a shock pulse energy transfer to the deformation zone during wave strain hardening. As a result of the simulation, it was found that an increase in the ratio of the striker length to its diameter from 0.1 to 10 allows transferring 15.6 times more shock pulse energy to the deformation area. Changing the ratio of the lengths of the striker and the waveguide from 0.1 to 10 increases the share of the transmitted shock pulse energy by 2.8 times.
Engineering Students English Teaching in E-Learning Environment
Authors: Dolgova Natalia , Larionova Julia , Shirokolobova Anastasia
Published: November 2019

The article deals with the e-learning environment at T.F. Gorbachev State Technical University. The authors describe their experience of English teaching in e-learning environment at non-linguistic university. The reason of e-learning integration into the engineering students teaching is to increase the efficiency and quality of education for bachelor, master and postgraduate degree students. English teaching and students’ independent work are based on blended learning principals because this model helps to achieve the required level of foreign language skills and learning quality. The method of English teaching in e-learning environment consists of three stages. The first stage is incorporation of blended learning principles and structure development of an e-course for technical English teaching; the second stage is the experimental model of the e-course design and its integration into educational process; and the third stage is development of principles to increase students’ motivation and forming their self-education skills. The paper gives the results of the experiment carried out at the foreign languages department of T.F. Gorbachev Kuzbass State Technical University since 2014 to 2019 academic years.
Theoretical And Methodological Basis Of Organizing Technical College Didactic Administration
Authors: Kamaleeva Alsu , Nozdrina Natalya , Gilmanshina Suriya
Published: November 2019

The possibility of using multi-level methodology as a theoretic-methodological basis of the proposed concept is considered: at the level of modern philosophical theory of knowledge and logic of scientific research, at the level of general scientific principles and norms of any research, at the level of specific scientific methodology and at the level of implementing the idea of cognitive approach based on the analysis of the relevant pedagogical situation and the optimal fulfilling professional training of qualified middle-level specialists. The representation scheme of didactics as the theory of education and training in relation to the system of secondary vocational education is offered and the definition of the concept “system of technical college didactic administration” is revealed. It is proposed to distinguish three interrelated subsystems: educational, cognitive and controlling, consisting of two hierarchical interrelated parts – internal and external audit. The system of technical college didactic administration is a complex of interrelated didactic components (subsystems) aimed at optimal professional training of college graduates, involving the acquisition of personally significant qualities demanded by modern high-tech society, namely students’ work skills, general and professional competencies and professional qualifications.
Integration Processes In Russia Engineering: Condition For Business Continuity
Authors: Strizhakova Ekaterina , Strizhakov Dmitry , Simontsev Igor
Published: November 2019

The article discusses the nature and main approaches to the integration of enterprises and organizations of mechanical engineering, introduces the concepts of «business continuity» and «business continuity management», offers recommendations for the implementation of a business continuity management procedure in mechanical engineering enterprises. According to the authors, integration refers to the process of strengthening production relations and economic relations, the organizational and economic merging of several components (components, parts) into a single whole, acquiring a higher quality than the arithmetic addition of parts. The limits of the integration processes of the organization are analyzed according to the three possible modern concepts of the company. The evolution and main stages of the integration processes in the engineering industry of Russia for the period from 1991 to the present are analyzed in the article. The current state of the level of integration in the engineering industry of Russia is also given. The assumption about the direct correlation between business continuity and the degree of integration in the engineering industry of Russia is formulated. The prospects for the further development of the integration of industrial enterprises in Russia are evaluated.
Expert Evaluation of Ecological and Economic Risks of Implementing Engineering Innovations by Coal-Mining Enterprises Based on Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Raevskaya Elena , Pimonov Alexander , Mihailov Vladimir
Published: November 2019

The article is about a complex approach based on the method of analyzing hierarchies and using of fuzzy logics for assessment of risks deals with engineering innovations in coal-mining industry. This approach allows evaluating both quantitative and qualitative risk indicators of compared alternative innovative mechanisms and equipment, does not depend on a field of expertise, thus it makes possible to attract specialists with competencies in various fields of knowledge. Such kind of approach allows making a qualitative assessment of the situation on the basis of formalized logical conclusions, making decision making comfortable and accessible to any specialist. The proposed methodology is implemented as a part of a decision support system.
The role of health tourism in reducing the number of occupational diseases and accidents in the mechanical engineering and metalworking sectors in Latvia
Authors: Lukjanova Jelena
Published: November 2019

In order to ensure successful innovative development of Latvian mechanical engineering and metalworking industry, quality of human resources is one of the important task. First of all, it is necessary to name health of people working in the industry. In Latvia a number of occupational diseases increased, with the greatest growth taking place in manufacturing industry, integral part of which is the engineering and metalworking industry. The problem of accidents at work is also urgent, the number of diseases caused by growing stress. Taking into consideration difficult demographic situation in Latvia and the existing problems in labor market, this situation requires special attention. In the article, the author substantiates the importance and prospects of the development of health tourism as an important factor in maintaining the health and working ability of workers in engineering industry.
Network Interaction of Science, Education and Production
Authors: Tolysbayev Baurzhan , Uteubayev Talgat , Amirova Gulnur
Published: November 2019

The study examines the scientific, educational and production network, which is a systematic activity for the development of innovative educational programs as a kind of joint capital of industrial enterprises, scientific organizations and educational institutions, which is the basis for the development of all own capital of participants of such network interaction. Mechanism of network interaction within the framework of scientific, educational and production network on the basis of the paradigm of “open” innovations is associated with the creation of conditions for the development of innovative capital of the network entities, training of highly qualified personnel of пeneral and vocational education with the necessary competencies in the field of generation and dissemination of new knowledge, as well as improving the effectiveness and efficiency of the entities in the course of the scientific, educational and production network. Research was composed to measure variation in the economic development and innovation in Kazakhstan required in times of increasing global competition.
Incentives for Promoting Innovation in Engineering
Authors: Odinokova Tatyana
Published: November 2019

Engineering is a major industry in Latvian economy. It ranks third (to wood processing and food industry) in the amount of turnover. Due to the inflow of foreign investment, well-educated labor as well as export potential, engineering and metalworking have a promising outlook. However, this industry lacks competitiveness due to cutting investment and development expenses in this sector, as well as low added value. That said, the government should step up its policies to promote innovation activity of machinery manufacturers.
Theoretical-Probability Model of Metal Removal During Magnetic-Abrasive Treatment
Authors: Ikonnikov Alexey , Leonov Sergey
Published: November 2019

The work is devoted to the issue of calculating material removal during magnetic abrasive processing. Cutting grains have random dimensional characteristics, are randomly located on the surface of the tool, the workpiece has an irregular profile. The cutting parts of the grain tops partially remove the chips, and partially elastically-plastic deform the metal. Part of the vertices falls into the risks on the surface of the workpiece formed by the previous machining, and part -into the risks from passing through the previous vertices. This process is determined by the probability of the contact of the top of the grain with the metal. The developed stochastic models make it possible to predict the removal of metal from the treated surface depending on the time and parameters of the operation, which creates the prerequisites for their use in the design of polishing operations.
The green-house gas (GHG) emission’s reduction mechanisms for biofuels in the European legislation
Authors: Dusser Philippe
Published: November 2019

GHG reductions are a major focus of the EU policy. Several regulations have been set in order to meet the EU commitments under the Paris Agreement with an overall reduction of 40% from 1990 level. For the transport sector which is responsible for around 20% of the total GHG emissions, the GHG reductions obligations have been translated by i) reinforced GHG reduction thresholds for biofuels into the recast Renewable Energy Directive RED II; ii) an ambitious target of 30% GHG emission reduction target from 2005 level in the Effort Sharing Regulation (ESR) common to “non-ETS sector” (not covered by the Emission Trading System – ETS) as agriculture, building, waste… and transport. Furthermore, other EU regulations directed to Cars, Vans as well as Heavy Duty Vehicles set GHG emission reduction targets for new vehicle up to 2030. Finally, in its communication “A Clean Planet for All” the EU Commission describes A Strategy for 2050 to achieve a carbon neutral economy. This article addresses also the case of the German “GHG quota” which is a national support system for biofuels and as such is parallel to the European obligations stemming from the RED II renewable energy mandates that are to be met by Germany.
Motor Function Improvement in Children with Ataxia Receiving Interval
Rehabilitation, Including Vibration-Assisted Hometraining: A Retrospective
Study
Authors: Martakis Kyriakos , Stark Christina , Alberg Evelyn , Bossier Christiane , Semler Oliver , Schönau Eckhard , Duran Ibrahim
Published: November 2019

Background Physiotherapy, including vibration-assisted therapy, has
been proven to be effective for patients with ataxic cerebral palsy.
Herewith, we studied the effect of a functional, goal-oriented interval
rehabilitation program, including vibration-assisted home-training on the
motor function of children with congenital ataxias.

Patients 45 children (mean age 7.7 years, SD 4.70) with ataxia, having
received a 6-month home-based side-alternating vibration-assisted therapy
combined with intensive, goal-oriented, functional rehabilitation intervals,
were included in the study, classified according to the progressive or
non-progressive ataxia character.

Method Retrospective analysis of the prospectively collected data of
the registry of the Cologne rehabilitation program “Auf die
Beine”. Motor abilities have been assessed prior to the intervention
(M0), after 6 months of home-training (M6) as well as in a follow-up 6
months later (M12). We performed a gait analysis, a 1-minute walking test
(1-MWT), and the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-66).

Results The GMFM-66 improvement (M6–M0 vs. M12–M6) was
statistically significant with median improvement of 2.4 points
(non-progressive) and 2.9 points (progressive) respectively, and clinically
relevant. The 1-MWT improvement was statistically significant and clinically
relevant for non-progressive ataxia.

Conclusion The intensive training, including vibration-assisted
therapy significantly improved the motor function of children with ataxia.
Six months later the skills were preserved in children with progressive
ataxia and could be further developed in non-progressive forms.
Enhanced energy harvesting of cantilevered flexoelectric micro-beam by proof mass
Authors: Li Anqing , Zhao Wei , Zhou Shasha , Wang Li , Zhang Lili
Published: November 2019

Proof mass can adjust the natural frequency of a cantilevered energy harvester to fit the vibration source frequency and, hence, improve energy efficiency. In this paper, a cantilevered energy harvesting model including a proof mass is presented based on the flexoelectric theory. The electromechanical coupling responses at steady state are obtained for harmonic excitations and then reduced to single-mode expressions for modal excitations. The flexoelectric coupling coefficient, which represents conversion of energy, is investigated. The numerical results reveal that the flexoelectric coupling coefficient can be improved by adjusting the proof mass to make the vibration frequency of the microbeam adapt to that of the ambient vibration source. The adjusting strategies have also been formulated. In addition, the flexoelectric coupling coefficient increases with the decrease in the thickness of the microbeam. As expected, the flexoelectric coupling coefficient can further be enhanced when the beam thickness reaches nanometer scale. For the beam thickness h = 0.3 μm, the current output decreases and the voltage output increases with the increase in the electrical load resistance. When the electrical load resistance is around 100 MΩ, the power output arrives at its maximum. The resonance frequency shifts from 34 693 Hz to 35 350 Hz with the increase in the load resistance from short- to open-circuit conditions, and the flexoelectric coupling coefficient for this thickness lever is kr ≈ 0.19.
Near zero-bias MIIM diode based on TiO2/ZnO for energy harvesting applications
Authors: Elsharabasy Ahmed Y. , Alshehri Abdullah H. , Bakr Mohamed H. , Deen M. Jamal , Musselman Kevin P. , Yavuz Mustafa
Published: November 2019

Energy harvesting rectennas require ultrafast rectifying diodes that are efficiently matched to the optical nanoantenna. These diodes should possess low on-resistance and high responsivity. Here, we introduce a metal-insulator-metal diode composed of a new material, Ti-TiO2-Al. This diode has a 1.0 nm ultrathin insulator layer fabricated using atomic layer deposition (ALD). It has a zero-bias resistance of 275 Ω and a maximum responsivity of 3.1 A/W. To further improve its performance, another ultrathin layer of ZnO was added. The proposed Ti-TiO2/ZnO-Al metal-insulator-insulator-metal diode has a zero-bias resistance of 312 Ω and a maximum responsivity of 5.1 A/W. The two types of diodes are fabricated on a SiO2 substrate using conventional photolithography and ALD. Between 20 °C and 55 °C, the I-V characteristics did not show much temperature dependence. The effective barrier height, dielectric constant, and electron effective mass in each insulator are extracted using a constrained and derivative-based optimization algorithm.
Optimization of parameters for generating nitrogen plasma in plasma-assisted MOCVD growth of InGaN thin films
Authors: Arifin Pepen , Sutanto Heri , Subagio Agus , Sugianto Sugianto , Mustajab Muhammad A.
Published: November 2019

The deposition of InGaN thin films by plasma-assisted metalorganic chemical vapor deposition is achieved using nitrogen plasma as a nitrogen source. The generation of nitrogen plasma is optimized using optical emission spectroscopy, and the plasma is dominated by excited molecular nitrogen, which emits in the range 300–420 nm. The emission intensity of the plasma significantly depends on the flow rate of nitrogen gas and heater temperature and are optimally 70 SCCM and 650 °C, respectively. A further increase in these parameters results in a decrease in the intensity of the nitrogen plasma emission. An optimal flow rate and heater temperature are used to grow InGaN thin films on c-sapphire substrates. InGaN thin films grown with a TMIn vapor concentration (xv) of 0%, 50%, and 100% at a growth temperature of 650 °C are highly oriented to the (0002) plane in a hexagonal structure. The film grown with a vapor concentration of 50% has an indium concentration of 55% and no indication of phase separation. Increasing the growth temperature above 650 °C results in a decrease in the growth rate.