bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Drenaje percutáneo de colecciones abdominales
Authors: Lopera Jorge , Toro Nancy
Published: April 2023

Gracias a los grandes adelantos en las imágenes diagnósticas la radiología intervencionista ha tenido grandes avances en los últimos años; el drenaje percutáneo de colecciones abdominales es hoy en día un procedimiento ampliamente utilizado para el tratamiento definitivo de patologías tan variadas como abscesos abdominales, complicaciones de pancreatitis y apendicitis, drenaje de hematomas, linfoceles, bilomas, quistes y tumores necróticos; también se han demostrado su seguridad y efectividad para el drenaje de colecciones en el tórax, el bazo y el retroperitoneo. En los pacientes críticamente enfermos el DPC permite una rápida mejoría del cuadro clínico para ser llevados a cirugía en mejores condiciones y simplificar los procedimientos quirúrgicos. Para el radiólogo estos procedimientos representan la oportunidad de reforzar su papel como clínico en el seguimiento estrecho de estos pacientes.
Neumonía intersticial y citomegalovirus: un proceso inmunopatológico
Authors: Toro Ana Isabel
Published: April 2023

La infección activa por Citomegalovirus (CMV) es causa frecuente de morbi-mortalidad en individuos inmunocomprometidos, particularmente entre receptores de trasplante renal y médula ósea y en personas afectadas por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia adquirida (HIV), en las cuales, a menudo, se presenta neumonía intersticial (NI) fatal (1,2). La patogénesis de la NI causada por CMV no es clara aún, pero las observaciones clínicas en el hombre y los estudios con modelos murinos permiten pensar en ella como una alteración inmunopatológica. El análisis de tales conceptos es el objetivo de esta revisión.
Tirosinemia neonatal
Authors: Burgos Herrera Luis Carlos , Manotas Cabarcas Rafael J.
Published: April 2023

Mediante la técnica de Udenfriend y Cooper, se midieron los niveles de tirosina en la sangre del cordón de 26 prematuros y 31 niños de término, con el fin de comparar las concentraciones según la edad gestacional y detectar la presencia de la tirosinemia neonatal. Se encontró un caso de esta entidad en un niño de 31 semanas de edad gestacional, lo cual correspondió al 3.8% de los prematuros y al 1.8% del grupo total. La concentración de tirosina en el paciente fue de 53 µM. El promedio de las concentraciones en los prematuros menores de 32 semanas fue de 16.8 ±6.3 µM; el de los niños entre 33 y 36 semanas fue de 19.3 ± 7.6 µM y el de los niños de término, de 17.2 ± 9.4 µM. Las pruebas estadísticas no mostraron tendencias ni diferencias significativas entre estas concentraciones. El promedio ponderado para el grupo total fue 17.7 ± 7.3 µM. Se recomienda establecer programas de tamizaje para detectar este problema porque puede presentar repercusiones neurológicas posteriores.
Interleuquina 13: una nueva citoquina con propiedades similares a la interleuquina 4
Authors: Vargas Leonardo
Published: April 2023

La interleuquina 13 es una citoquina recientemente descrita producida por Iinfocitos TH2. Su principal papel fisiológico está relacionado con la supresión de las funciones citotóxicas e inflamatorias de los monocitos/macrófagos, lo que indica que puede ser un potente modulador de la respuesta inmune in vivo. Además, ejerce una función importante en el control de la inmunorreactividad de los linfocitos B (potencia la expresión de CD23, MHC-II e Induce la síntesis de IgE e IgG4). El gen de la IL-13 humana se encuentra ubicado en el cromosoma Sq23-31, adyacente a los genes que codifican para la IL-4 y otros factores de crecimiento hematopoyéticos e inmunorreguladores como la IL-3, GM-CSF e IL-S. En particular la IL-13 comparte con la IL-4 y la IL-10 la habilidad de Inhibir en los macrófagos humanos la producción de citoquinas proinflamatorias tales como IL-1α., IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α., IL-8 y MIP-1α. Estos datos indican la importancia de esta citoquina en la inmunorregulación de procesos Inflamatorios, alérgicos y autoinmunes.
Louis Pasteur: in memoriam
Authors: Restrepo Moreno Angela
Published: April 2023

Se hace un recuento de los experimentos que le permitieron a Pasteur concluir que no existe la generación espontánea; se enfatizan algunas de las cualidades de este investigador como la originalidad, la independencia de criterio, la perseverancia, la dedicación, la amplitud de horizontes y el interés en servir a los demás; Pasteur contribuyó al avance del método científico aplicándolo rigurosamente y puede ser considerado como el fundador de la microbiología.
Polimorfismo fenotípico de cepas autóctonas de Sporothrix schenckii
Authors: Vélez Arango Herta , Santamaría de Uribe Lucía , Vargas de Betancur María Elena , Montoya Maya Fernando
Published: April 2023

Se presentan los resultados macroscópicos, de asimilación de azúcares y de virulencia de 55 cepas de Sporothrix schenckii aisladas a partir de lesiones de pacientes con esporotricosis cutánea, que consultaron al laboratorio de micología de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Antioquia en Medellín, Colombia, y que fueron coleccionadas en el transcurso de 10 años.La morfología macroscópica de las colonias y su pigmentación se evaluaron tanto en agar mycosel como en extracto de malta. La mayoría de las cepas en los dos medios presentaban colonias con 2 ó 3 colores diferentes. En mycosel 5 cepas (9.1%) fueron monocromáticas y éste fue el medio más estable para definir las características de pigmentación. El 85% de las cepas en mycosel fueron café claras, café oscuras, plisadas o plisadas y umbilicadas. Todas las cepas asimilaron D-glucosa, glicerol y D-xilosa en el sistema Api 20C y 25 cepas se clasificaron en 9 biotipos de asimilación de la A a la I. La mayoría de las cepas tanto pigmentadas como albinas, resultaron virulentas para ratones. En éstos predominaron los cuerpos en cigarro en forma de naveta y no se visual izaron cuerpos asteroides en los exudados testiculares. Se demuestra así la gran heterogeneidad fenotípica de las cepas autóctonas de S. schenckii, se plantea la importancia de correlacionar estos hallazgos con los patrones de heterogeneidad gen ética informados por investigadores Japoneses y quizás explicar por esta diversidad fenotípica y genotípica, el polimorfismo clínico de la enfermedad y establecer mapas de distribución de los diferentes biotipos o genotipos en Colombia y América Latina. Incluso el cruzar cepas distantes en su biotipo o genotipo podría facilitar la obtención de la forma de reproducción sexual del microorganismo.
La mujer como víctima de trauma sexual
Authors: Restrepo Baena Emilio Alberto
Published: April 2023

Se revisa el tema de las consecuencias físicas que la práctica sexual puede acarrear sobre las diferentes estructuras genitales y anorrectales de la mujer.
Penicilina y pruebas de sensibilidad
Authors: Montoya Fernando
Published: April 2023

Se hace un recuento histórico sobre la alergia penicilínica y las pruebas de sensibilidad; se presentan las bases inmunológicas, las manifestaciones clínicas y los factores de riesgo asociados a esta hipersensibilidad. Se explica detalladamente la metodología necesaria para llevar a cabo pruebas cutáneas que sean de valor clínico.
Medio ambiente fetal
Authors: Ospina Arcila César Bernardo
Published: April 2023

Con base en el artículo clásico "Monte Everest in utero" se hace un análisis de la situación que afronta el feto con respecto a la disponibilidad de oxígeno; para una mejor comprensión del sufrimiento fetal se revisan los siguientes conceptos: presión barométrica, presión parcial del oxígeno atmosférico, presión parcial del oxígeno inspirado, presión barométrica intranasal, ecuación del gas alveolar y difusión de gases a través de la membrana alvéolo capilar.
The need for a phenomenological perspective on caring
Authors: Aguero Caro Magdalena
Published: April 2023

Herein, we reflect upon the incorporation of the phenomenological perspective of caring to the nursing curriculum, bearing in mind the multi-referential orientation nursing research has been adopting in recent decades. We addressed the relevance of the perception and subjective interpretation nurses and users make of the process they are experiencing in a caring relationship as a phenomenological experience. Knowing and understanding the complexity of the world of meanings, both one’s own as well as that of another, will facilitate in students the possibility to provide caring situated within a meeting space between these two subjective worlds.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding legal and illegal substances
Authors: Montalvo Prieto Amparo , Castillo Avila Irma Yolanda
Published: April 2023

Objective. This article sought to describe knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the use of legal and illegal substances by nursing students from Cartagena (Colombia).

Methodology. This was a descriptive study conducted on a probabilistic sample of 689 students matriculated in three nursing programs. The study used the Predisposing Factors instrument associated to the use of psychoactive substances by Cepeda, Aldana, and Ossío.

Results. The mean age of the participants was 20.5 years, 91.9% were women, 92.4% belonged to socio-economic levels 1 to 3, 87.5% were single. Of the 12 psychoactive substances (PAS) consulted, eight were considered by over 90% of the students as harmful to health. A total of 94% considered that the brain is the organ most affected by drug consumption. The students considered production (80.4%), trafficking (79.4%), and use of substances (80.0%) as problems of great importance; and they agreed with investing financial resources for prevention, rehabilitation, and follow-up programs for the population affected (89.1%). They expressed that use of PAS is mainly influenced by friends (26.9%) and by family problems (26.7%). The highest life prevalence of legal PAS use were: alcohol (77.6%) and cigarettes (17.6%); along with marihuana for illegal PAS use (1.8%).

Conclusion. Knowledge of nursing students on legal and illegal PAS is not satisfactory, although they have favorable attitudes for their prevention and control. Use of PAS by the students, although not of great magnitude, is a problem deserving attention from organisms in charge of university welfare programs. Curricular contents should be enhanced on the phenomenon of PAS use of future nursing professionals.
Teaching humanization in undergraduate nursing course subjects
Authors: Vieira de Almeida Débora , Corrêa Chaves Eliane
Published: April 2023

Objective. To describe teaching on humanization in the subjects included in nursing curricula in São Paulo city (Brazil).

Method. Descriptive and cross-sectional study of subjects included in the curricula of all Higher Education Institutions (HEI) accredited by the Ministry of Education (Brazil) in São Paulo City. Humanization in nursing was defined as the encounter of subjectivities in and through the care act.

Results. Thirteen curricula were studied, totaling 588 subjects. Although 59% contained some term related to humanization, when assessing compatibility with the definition used in the study, findings showed: 3% full compatibility, 28% partial, 62% no compatibility and, in 7% of the subjects, comparison was impossible.

Conclusion. The undergraduate nursing subjects analyzed showed ambiguous intentionality as, although the majority contained some term related to humanization, only a minority was in accordance with the concept.
Scientific production of the journal Investigación y Educación en Enfermería during its 30 editing years
Authors: Rodríguez-Gázquez María de los Ángeles , Chaparro-Hernández Sara Janeth , Rojas-Minota Warley Mateo
Published: April 2023

Objective. This study sought to characterize the scientific production of the journal Investigación y Educación en Enfermería (IEE) during its 30 years of editing. Methodology. Documentary type longitudinal study, which analyzed all the articles published in IEE from 1983 to 2012; a total of 656. Each article was manually revised and an instrument was used containing the variables of author and article characteristics. Results. A total of 47% of the articles have a sole author and only one institution of affiliation. According to their type, those with the most contributions were original articles (42%) and theme reviews (25%). Regarding the characteristics of the first authors, nurses predominate (74%); with graduate formation (71%); with academic affiliation (88%); and country of origin being Colombia (70%). The principal themes dealt with are: nursing care (24%), nursing education and formation (14%), nursing practice (6%), and nursing history (5%). The most frequent populations objects of study are nurses (25%) and nursing students (8%). A total of 15% deal with vulnerable populations (elderly, children, pregnant women, the handicapped, and individuals from rural areas, among others). Additionally, the following tendencies were noted: authors have improved in their levels of formation, and regarding the increased number of original articles and balance per type of research paradigm. Conclusion. Author's characteristics and thematic preferences, along with populations object of the articles show that progress has been produced in divulging knowledge generated and of the experiences in their implementation in nursing practice, thus, contributing to the discipline's development.
Nursing actions in the perioperative period and in preparing prostatectomy patients for discharge
Authors: Ferreira da Mata Luciana Regina , Caldas Ferreira Taciana , Campos de Carvalho Emília
Published: April 2023

Objective. To identify nursing actions in the perioperative period and in preparing prostatectomy patients for discharge. 

Methodology. Cross-sectional, retrospective study. Data were collected from medical record of patients who underwent partial or total prostatectomy between August 2009 and August 2010 at hospitals in Divinopolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil. 

Results. A total of 121 patients were identified; the mean age was 67 years. The most frequent diagnosis was prostate cancer (70%). Main preoperative activities were measuring vital signs (55%), administering drugs (52%), educating patients about fasting (50%), and managing edema (45%). After surgery, the most frequent tasks were measuring vital signs (100%), measuring urine and emptying the urinary bag (100% for each), facilitating the healing of surgical wounds (77%), and evaluating Penrose drain discharge (48%). Among the 25 types of care observed, the activity that nurses performed most often for patients about to be discharged was providing education about urinary catheter manipulation (16%). 

Conclusion. This study identified weaknesses in care delivery for prostatectomy patients, particularly regarding home care education.
Being in front of the patient. Nurse-patient interaction and use of technology in emergency services
Authors: Granados-Pembertty Yeimy Yesenia , Arias- Valencia María Mercedes
Published: April 2023

Objective. This study sought to describe how the use of technology intervenes in the nurse-patient relationship, from the nurse's point of view. 

Methodology. This was a qualitative research with tools from grounded theory. Twenty semi-structured interviews were conducted with nurses working in emergency services in three municipalities of Colombia. 

Results. Four categories emerged: 1) direct care, the maximum interaction or being in front of the patient; 2) fairly direct care; 3) indirect care, institutional management; and 4) minimum interaction; technology as facilitator of the interaction and awareness of the necessity for interaction. 

Conclusion. This study shows the irreplaceable nature of the nurse and the fundamental necessity of technology. The dual mediations of technology constitute a paradoxical matter that reveals the importance of placing it as a means; warning on the danger of converting it an end in and of itself.
Using the internet to exchange information and experience on cystic fibrosis
Authors: Cargnin Pimentel Ellen Dayane , Dos Santos Luz Geisa , Marisa Pelloso Sandra , Barros Carvalho Maria Dalva
Published: April 2023

Objective. Describing the experience of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and their families using the internet as a means for information, interaction and exchange of experiences with this disease. 

Methodology. A descriptive qualitative exploratory study was carried out in 2011. The subjects of the study were patients with CF and their parents or other family members contacted via e-mail on social networking websites. The requested information included the guiding question: ''Tell me about your experience on the internet as a means of information and exchange of experiences involving CF'', as well as demographic information and whether the respondent was the patient or a family member.

 Results. A total of 40 invitations were sent by email asking for information and 22 were accepted (55%). According to participants (15 patients and seven family members), the most widely used internet media were websites related to seeking information about CF. The use of internet was divided in three categories: 1) scientific and technical aspects, 2) emotional aspects, and c) modes of disseminating information.

 Conclusion. The internet proved to be a medium of opinion formation which could eventually replace medical advice. It is necessary to establish criteria for constructing and monitoring information related to CF published on internet websites.
Shared Streets: Choreographed Disorder in the Late Socialist City
Authors: Kurfürst Sandra
Published: April 2023

This article examines the local self-governance of streets and sidewalks in Hanoi, the capital of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Streets and sidewalks are shared among diverse actors for various activities while being formally managed by the state. Since the passing of the Đổi Mới economic reform program in 1986, which paved the way for the development of a private sector economy, street trade has been flourishing in Hanoi. Private individuals, mostly women, temporarily occupy sidewalks and streets to sell their goods. This form of petty trade caters to urbanites’ everyday demand for fresh products and food. While many Hanoians are actually in favor of street trade, the municipality seeks to undermine and regulate street trade, as it contradicts some state administrators’ vision of a modern and civilized city. Drawing inspiration from Jacobs’ (1961) “sidewalk ballet,” this article particularly examines the social norms governing public space. As they constantly need to negotiate their right to the city, street traders develop tactics to circumvent the municipal sidewalk order. Following the rhythms of regular crackdowns on street trade, the emergence and vanishing of mediation spaces, and urbanites’ tactics, this contribution seeks to understand modes of urban governance over these shared spaces. This study draws on ethnographic data collected during one year of fieldwork, local newspaper analysis, and secondary literature.
Features of risk analysis, assessment and control methods in pharmaceutical development
Authors: Tishkov S. V. , Blynskaya E. V. , Alekseev K. V. , Alekseev V. K.
Published: April 2023

Quality Risk Management (QRM) is an important aspect of pharmaceutical development in the Quality-by-Design paradigm, since it determines the Design Space, critical quality attributes and critical process attributes.

The purpose of this review is to systematize and analyze the main aspects of the QRM system in relation to each element of pharmaceutical development. This review article discusses the following key elements of QRM such as: risk analysis, risk control, risk communication, risk verification. For risk analysis, the advantages and disadvantages of QRM tools such as Preliminary Hazard Analysis, Failure Mode Effects Analysis, Fault Tree Analysis are presented and analyzed, Hazard Operability Analysis and Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points. In addition, a description of the methods of mathematical planning and design of experiments for pharmaceutical development and QRM is given and their significance for these systems is determined. Elements of QRM such as root cause analysis, brainstorming, and a corrective and preventive action procedure are given as risk control and mitigation tools.

In this paper, the main stages of QRM are considered and conclusions are formulated regarding the main advantages and disadvantages of the methods of identification, analysis, control, risk reporting, and the main ways for further improvement of the presented system are proposed.
The relationship of lymphoid populations (infiltration) of the primary tumor with bone marrow immune responses in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Chulkova S. V. , Sholokhova E. N. , Poddubnaya I. V. , Stylidi I. S. , Egorova A. V. , Kozlov N. A. , Tupitsyn N. N.
Published: April 2023

Backgraund. Currently, immunotherapy is firmly established in the standard of cancer treatment. The basis for the appointment of immunotherapy are immunological tumor markers, which include lymphoid infiltration, a detailed study of which has received increasing attention in the last decade. An undoubted interest is the study of lymphoid infiltration, not only depending on the morpho-clinical parameters of breast cancer (BC), but also on the immune system of the bone marrow.

Aim. To evaluate the infiltration of the primary tumor by lymphocytes depending on the morpho-clinical characteristics of BC and immune responses in the bone marrow.

Materials and methods. This study included 125 patients with BC who received treatment at the “N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology” of the Ministry of Health of Russia. Tumor stage II was prevailed, а moderate degree of differentiation (G2) was more often noted. The luminal BC – 67 %, non-luminal – 33 %. Immunophenotyping of the primary tumor: cryostat sections, ZEISS Axioscope luminescent microscope (Zeiss AG, Germany). CD45+, CD38+, T- and B-cell infiltration were assessed. Bone marrow: CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD19+, CD16+, CD56+ lymphocytes and their subpopulations were studied (FACSCanto II flow cytometer, Kaluza Analysis v2.1 program (Beckman Coulter, USA)).

Results. CD45+ infiltration was noted in 50.5 % of cases (severe in 30 %, moderate – 26.4 %). CD8+ cells significantly infiltrated the tumor in 21.4 % of cases. CD38+ infiltration was observed in 40 %. In the non-luminal BC, severe CD45 infiltration was observed more frequently than in the luminal (33 % vs 26 %). CD38+ infiltration is expressed in non-luminal BC (p = 0.016). CD45+ infiltration was positively correlated with earlier stages (p = 0.071) more pronounced in infiltrative ductal BC, than in lobular BC: 59.2 % vs 20 % (p = 0.05). The content of CD45RO+cells in bone marrow in the luminal BC is higher than in the non-luminal: 37.3 ± 2.3 % vs 28 ± 2.8 % (p = 0.04). The number of CD19+CD38+ cells, on the contrary, is less: 24.2 ± 2 % vs 34.8 ± 6 % (p = 0.041). Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes highly correlated with bone marrow lymphoid populations: CD38+ cells with NK-bone marrow cells; CD4+ cells with the B-precursors; CD8+cells with the B1-lymphocytes.

Conclusion. Lymphoid infiltration of BC is associated with stage, tumor size, histological type and biological subtype. Intratumoral populations CD38+, CD4+, CD3+, CD8+ cells are in a negative correlation with bone marrow lymphoid populations.
Nanoprobes based on fluorescent semiconductor nanocrystals and single-domain antibodies for highly sensitive detection of epidermal growth factor receptor in tumor cells
Authors: Nifontova G. O. , Kalenichenko D. V. , Baryshnikova M. A. , Sokolova Z. A. , Samokhvalov P. S. , Karaulov A. V. , Sukhanova A. V. , Nabiev I. R.
Published: April 2023

Background. The development of highly oriented conjugates of quantum dots (QDs) and single-domain antibodies (sdAbs) as innovative fluorescence imaging nanoprobes that specifically recognize tumor biomarkers, in particular, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), is a promising approach to improving immunohistochemical tumor typing.

Aim. The study was aimed at developing fluorescent nanoprobes based on QDs and sdAbs that specifically recognize EGFR, as well as evaluating their functional characteristics (size and optical properties) and functional activity.

Materials and methods. QDs were obtained using high-temperature organometallic synthesis and transferred into the aqueous phase by means of stepwise replacement of ligands on the QD surface. The QDs and sdAbs were conjugated in an oriented manner using a bifunctional cross-linking agent. Detailed characteristics of the resulting conjugates were analyzed by the dynamic light scattering and immunoassay methods. Functional activity was assessed on the model human epidermoid carcinoma cells line A431.

Results. The QD–sdAb conjugates have been standardized in terms of control parameters determining their functional activity, in particular, hydrodynamic diameter and efficiency of binding with target tumor cells. They are characterized by high dispersity, homogeneity, and specific functional activity towards their molecular target.

Conclusion. The results demonstrate the potential use of the designed QD–sdAb conjugates for EGRF detection in immunohistochemical typing of tumor.
Pharmaceutical development for transdermal dosage forms of nifedipine: justification of the choice and specificity of the action
Authors: Tokaev V. V. , Stepanova E. F. , Makieva M. S. , Morozov Yu. A. , Pozdnyakov D. I. , Gagloeva D. I.
Published: April 2023

Background. Present day in medicine can be assessed as an active period of the fight against cardiovascular diseases. This group of diseases cannot be considered obsolete in any way, and even taking into account the emerging new pathology – coronavirus infection – cardiovascular diseases have consolidated their dominant position. Among the drugs used for appropriate pharmacotherapy, stands out nifedipine (1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-3,5-pyridindicarboxylic acid dimethyl ether) – a drug that can inhibit the flow of calcium into the cardiomyocytes of vascular smooth muscle cells. The drug has been on the domestic pharmaceutical market for quite a long time, but it is still in demand. However, nifedipine has quite pronounced side effects, including those associated with its oral administration – nausea caused by irritation of the gastrointestinal tract, rarely gum hyperplasia. And at the same time, the main modern dosage form of nifedipine is tablets. Therefore, expanding the range of its dosage forms is an urgent issue. Moreover, well-chosen dosage forms reduce the side effect of the drug. This is especially true for extended versions. So pharmaceutical development in relation to the creation of original dosage forms of nifedipine is quite appropriate.

Aim. Determination of the possibility of absorption of nifedipine from the proposed dosage forms – transdermal patch and transdermal gel.

Materials and methods. To determine nifedipine in rat blood plasma samples, high-performance liquid chromatography was used (chromatograph “Millichrome A-02” (Institute of Chromatography “EcoNova”, LLC, Russia).

Results. Chromatograms of blood plasma samples of all animals on whose skin a transdermal gel or patch was applied revealed a peak coinciding in retention time with the peak of the standard sample of nifedipine.

Conclusion. The possibility of penetration of nifedipine from the patch and transdermal gel through intact animal skin has been confirmed.
Reconstruction of rain sewer networks in the historical border of the city of Samara
Authors: Strelkov Alexander K. , Shuvalov Mikhail V. , Pavluhin Alexey A. , Chernosvitov Mikhail D.
Published: April 2023

The state of the centralized wastewater disposal system has undergone some changes over several decades, the article presents the problem of the negative impact of reducing water consumption costs on engineering structures, from precipitation and cementation of sediment in pipelines and concentration of runoff due to reduced flow, to the impact on the operation of pumping stations and treatment facilities. It is suggested that the problem under study can be partially solved with the help of rainwater, which is discharged without proper treatment into water bodies. The article discusses the existing drainage systems in Samara, the cost of treatment facilities for rainwater, as well as the proposed project for the reconstruction of the rain network for outlets located within the boundaries of the historical part of Samara.
Using pipes from various materials for water supply pipe line network
Authors: Shuvalov Mikhail V. , Tarakanov Dmitry I.
Published: April 2023

Presents the analysis of data on Russian settlements water supply pipe line networks as of 2016-2022. All the settlements are divided into seven groups depending on the population size. For each group, the distribution of water supply line depending on the material of the pipes is established. The most widespread pipes are steel and cast-iron pipes, which have been widely used in the last 100 years. Schedules for the commissioning of water supply line from various materials by years have been constructed. Over the past 25 years, plastic pipes have become the most widely used. After 2010, they accounted for 86.5% of newly built water supply line, excluding data for Moscow and St. Petersburg. Information was collected on the timing of commissioning of individual sections of water supply line. The largest number of operating water supply pipe line networks were built in the period from 1980 to 1989. In general, in all settlements, the standard service life was exceeded for 40.8% of networks. The authors believe that there will be a significant increase in the number of plastic pipes in the total length of water supply pipe line networks in the next few years.
Energy efficiency study of the system air conditioning with secondary cooling circuit
Authors: Edukov Dmitry A. , Saimanova Olga G. , Edukov Vasily A.
Published: April 2023

The article presents the results of a multivariate study of the energy efficiency of the chiller-fan coil air conditioning system with a secondary cooling circuit installed in a hotel building near the coastal zone. A description of the design of the investigated installation is given. As a result of studying the effect of changing sea water temperature and cooling capacity steps on the energy efficiency of the air conditioning system, response surfaces and regression equations have been obtained that allow predicting energy consumption during the operation period.
Adjustment and reconstruction of red brick monuments of 19th century architecture in the modern Loft style
Authors: Litvinov Denis V. , Yashina Alevtina V.
Published: April 2023

The article analyzes examples of renovation of red-brick architectural monuments as a result of their adaptation and reconstruction for current functions. In many large cities, the red brick architecture of the XIX century has been preserved, but unfortunately, there is not always the opportunity and funding to maintain the preservation of monuments in its original historical form. In addition, it often happens that the original function of the building loses its relevance, or the building itself ceases to fit the planning standards, here the question arises which approach to use in the reconstruction and modernization of the building to preserve its integrity as much as possible. The Loft style, with its clean lines, simplicity and minimalism in decoration, open, solid glazing and restrained contrasting colors, is most suitable for the reconstruction of red brick architecture of the XIX century. The studied examples give a complete idea of the style in both exterior and interior decoration.
Role of religious complexes in the development of the territory of Penza
Authors: Tyuklenkova Elena P. , Pershina Marina E.
Published: April 2023

The issues of placement of religious complexes in urban areas are highlighted. Formed problems, traditions and main factors taken into account at the stage of reconstruction and design are identified. The role of temples in the formation of the architectural and compositional complex is shown.
Moodle tools for teaching foreign languages at distance learning department
Authors: Kandrashkina Oksana O. , Revina Elena V.
Published: April 2023

The paper investigates the use of the Moodle system tools for teaching the subject of Foreign Languages (English) at the faculty of distance and part-time education of the Institute of Oil and Gas Technologies (INGT) of Samara State Technical University (SSTU). The analysis was carried out on the content material of Moodle electronic course for the specialty Petroleum engineering 21.03.01, 2020-2021 years. The course structure, tools for presenting educational material for practical classes and independent work, as well as assessment tools for intermediate and final monitoring control were analyzed. The study showed that the content of the course is presented logically and divided into modules in accordance with the main educational program and the Federal State Educational Standard of the Russian Federation. The Page tool was chosen to present the material for practical classes, which ensures the availability and clarity of educational material provided. Tasks for independent work and study are implemented via the Task tool in such a way that the files can be downloaded, then done and uploaded to the system. The effectiveness of the course was analyzed according to the data automatically provided by the system. The following aspects were taken into consideration: online activity of students in the system, the number of downloaded and completed assignments, the number of attempts to take tests, assessment reports based on the results of students` performance. The study has shown that the tools chosen for the course are relevant and provide effective learning. Analysis of program data has suggested that materials and exercises are easily accessible and system navigation has not caused any difficulties for students. Thus, it can be concluded that the Moodle system has proved to be an effective platform for distance learning of part-time students with a low level of language proficiency.
Modern targets for multilevel orders for social upbringing
Authors: Aksyutina Zulfia A.
Published: April 2023

The study of social upbringing has resumed recently and so far no complete target has been identified in scientific research. Based on the fact that there are social orders at the state, public and personal levels, an attempt is made to identify them. Social order regarding social education should be considered as a system for solving problems related to socialization and professionalization, solved by social and educational institutions. The presented review reflects the tendencies of scientific researches of targets for upbringing in domestic and foreign studies. Note that such studies are rare. The most priority aspects of research on the goals of education have been identified, reflecting a greater bias towards goal-setting in education, and educational goals remain insufficiently researched. The modern target thesis in education is for a person to be happy. The aim of the study was to identify targets for different levels of social orders for social education. It was assumed that social orders for social upbringing at different levels have homogeneity. The study of the general public was conducted to identify social orders at the societal and personal levels, and at the state level, social orders were studied through the analysis of regulatory documents. Differences in the formation of social orders for social education at the levels of the individual, society and the state are revealed, which is due to the social roles, functions and goals that various social institutions perform. In conclusion, it is indicated that the hypothesis put forward is partially confirmed. The materials of the study are of interest to the general pedagogical community concerning the understanding of the representation of social orders for social upbringing, in determining their leading guidelines for designing the process in question.
A template for exempting and protecting children from COVID vaccination
Authors: Rennebohm Robert M.
Published: April 2023

In the era of the COVID-19 pandemic, medical professionals and broader community are being heavily pushed to vaccinate against COVID. In many cases, vaccination was mandatory, usually without proper informed consent. Many citizens questioned reasonableness of the mass vaccination campaign, especially vaccination of children, and, accordingly, asked to be exempted from the compulsory vaccination.

This document is aimed to exempt and protect children from vaccination against COVID, and is intended to inform everyone involved in making vaccination decisions. Not a single child should be given any of the COVID vaccines. Naturally acquired immunity against COVID significantly exceeds the immunity induced by vaccines. The interaction between the immune system and viruses is multidimensional and involves complex and delicate adjustments in both the virus and the immune system at the individual and population level. COVID vaccines use a simplified, one-dimensional, exclusionary approach that can disrupt important components and functions of the immune system. The mass vaccination campaign against COVID causes serious damage to the immune ecosystem, it is responsible for generation of a long series of new dominant variants that become more contagious and resistant to vaccines (due to the phenomenon of immune escape) and will inevitably become more virulent. This is based on the fundamental laws of natural selection and was predictable. The organizers of the mass vaccination campaign failed to assess the complexity and sensitivity of the immune ecosystem and, thus, prolonged the COVID-19 pandemic and made it catastrophically dangerous. COVID vaccines have proven unable to prevent infection or transmission of the virus. The virus, as expected, quickly became resistant to vaccine neutralizing antibodies.

For the above-mentioned scientific reasons, the mass vaccination campaign against COVID must be stopped for the whole of humanity and especially for children.
Assessment of hematological parameters in children with COVID-19 in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
Authors: Evseeva Sardana A. , Klimova Tatiana M. , Bogdashin Vladimir V. , Makarova Avgustina M. , Sleptsova Snezhana S. , Burtseva Tatiana E. , Chasnyk Vyacheslav G.
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:During the coronavirus pandemic, one of the most important areas of scientific research was the study of laboratory parameters, as well as calculated indices that could be used as criteria reflecting the course of the infectious process, and could be used as predictors of severe course and adverse outcome of the disease.

AIM:Assessment of hematological parameters in children with COVID-19 in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:The article presents data from a retrospective study of 344 cases of a new coronavirus infection caused by the COVID-19 virus (ICD-10 code U07.1) in children hospitalized in the period from 03/23/202012/27/2020 in the Childrens Infectious Clinical Hospital of Yakutsk.

RESULTS:The results of the study showed that upon admission to the hospital, the proportion of children with reduced leukocyte levels exceeded the proportion of children with leukocytosis (23 versus 10%), there were reduced hemoglobin levels, changes in the content of platelets, segmented neutrophils, lymphocytes. The rate of erythrocyte sedimentation was increased in 48% of children. Neutrophilia and lymphopenia were associated with the severity of the childrens condition. The values of the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes in some age groups were associated with the severity of the condition of children.

CONCLUSIONS:The infectious process in children with a new coronavirus infection is accompanied by a change in the leukocyte formula, an increase in ESR and a change in the platelet content. Neutrophilia and lymphopenia are associated with the severity of the condition of children.
Digital Prosecutor’s Assistant or Digital Prosecutor?
Authors: Khatov Eduard B.
Published: April 2023

The research examines some aspects of the digitalization of law enforcement. The author selectively analyzes relevant regulatory framework and a number of domestic and foreign examples of the use of artificial intelligence in the activities of law enforcement agencies and the prosecutor's office. He notes the problems of introducing artificial intelligence into the work of law enforcement officers and identifies the most promising areas of activity, primarily analytical ones, for the use of digital assistants by prosecutors. Based on the results of the study, the author concludes that the proliferation of digital assistant programs which eliminate routine work and increase the effectiveness of supervision is inevitable, and he also predicts the emergence of digital prosecutors in the foreseeable future.
A.V. Polyakov’s Communicative Theory of Law in the Conditions of the Medial Turn: Structural Points of Growth
Authors: Tikhonova Sophia V.
Published: April 2023

This article concerns the points of growth of A.V. Polyakov's communicative theory of law in the conditions of a medial turn. The main purpose of the A.V. Polyakov theory was to integrate various types of legal understanding, reconciling the confrontation of natural law, positivism, and sociological theories of law. The semantic core of this theory is the concept of legal communication as an interaction between legal subjects who are aware of each other's rights and recognize them. The medial turn associated with total digitalization is becoming a new challenge for the communicative theory of law. The author analyzes its nodal moments, in which it is possible to expand the heuristic potential of the theory. The starting point of the analysis is the structure of communication, the treatment of which allows one to concretize, expand, and supplement the initial provisions of the theory of A.V. Polyakov. In the part of the theory related to the consideration of communicants, A.V. Polyakov introduces the intersubjective figure of the Other, thanks to which legal communication is focused on the counterparty. However, a different figurativeness of the Other is possible here, based on the typification of polysubject communication and the combinatorics of classical forms of communication in intermediate models. The examination of the communication channel reveals the possibility of calibrating A.V. Polyakov's chosen broad understanding of the text as any set of signs included in semiosis through a narrow understanding of the text as a form of communication based on M. McLuhan's idea of communication revolutions. In this case, the prospects for research on the role of media text in the legal communication of digital society open up. The message is the material basis for transporting the meaning of legal communication. It is possible to expand the theory by analyzing the processes of interference of meaning within a single message based on the methodology of N. Luhmann's autopoiesis. The effects of legal communication can be considered more panoramically when detailing the system of communication blocks of various natures, which is conceptualized on the basis of R. Dahrendorf's theory of social conflict. Structural analysis of communication is both a strategy for detailing its features and a methodological technique for expanding theory through new projects of methodological syntheses with social theories.
The Concept, System, and Types of Currency Crimes
Authors: Pechegin Denis A.
Published: April 2023

The national monetary system is an essential component of the state because of its close relationship and interdependence with the national security and socioeconomic development of the Russian Federation. With the increase of dispositive principles and the complication of public relations, this security and development are constantly changing, influenced by the growing number of their agents, the formation of new specializations, the formation of technologically mediated clusters of interaction between them, the introduction of digital financial instruments, etc. On the one hand, for strategic purposes the grounds for ensuring the national security of the Russian Federation not enough attention is paid to protecting the national monetary system from criminal operations. On the other hand, in their interrelation, protection from external and internal threats, preserving macroeconomic stability, ensuring the stability of the ruble, reducing the withdrawal of assets abroad, and countering illegal financial transactions cannot be achieved without paying due attention to the conceptual foundations of criminal law protection of the national monetary system. In order to implement regulations of a strategic nature and counter these threats, the legislation of the Russian Federation provides for a system of legal norms about currency crimes, whose concepts, systems, and types are analyzed in this article.
Technological and Institutional Change in The Context of Veblen's Dichotomy
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Volchik Vyacheslav V. , Maslyukova Elena V. ,   Southern Federal University, Demakhina Olesia V. ,   Southern Federal University, Barunova Anastasia A. ,   Southern Federal University
Published: April 2023

A unique way to study the labor market is to examine it through the prism of Veblenian dichotomy, reflecting the asynchrony of technological and institutional changes, the contradiction between instrumental and ceremonial values. Within the scope of the dichotomy, the article reveals the most important processes: the interaction between values, formal and informal institutions; automation and disadvantages of the modern labor market, the gap between specialists with deep knowledge, involving long-term training, and superficial skills that do not require fundamental and intensive tuition; increasing returns; issues of deindustrialization and reindustrialization. Each of the above factors is the object of our research, since it has a tremendous impact on the functioning of the mechanism of the modern labor market. The study revealed that reindustrialization manifests itself through overcoming the Veblenian dichotomy and is a response to events centered around technological changes and increasing returns.