bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ti2C-TiO2 MXene Nanocomposite-Based High-Efficiency Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensing Platform for Diabetes Monitoring
Authors: Kumar Vinod , Shukla Sudheesh K. , Choudhary Meenakshi , Gupta Jalaj , Chaudhary Priyanka , Srivastava Saurabh , Kumar Mukesh , Kumar Manoj , Sarma Devojit Kumar , Yadav Bal Chandra , Verma Vinod
Published: July 2022

Diabetes is a major health challenge, and it is linked to a number of serious health issues, including cardiovascular disease (heart attack and stroke), diabetic nephropathy (kidney damage or failure), and birth defects. The detection of glucose has a direct and significant clinical importance in the management of diabetes. Herein, we demonstrate the application of in-situ synthesized Ti2C-TiO2 MXene nanocomposite for high throughput non-enzymatic electrochemical sensing of glucose. The nanocomposite was synthesized by controlled oxidation of Ti2C-MXene nanosheets using H2O2 at room temperature. The oxidation results in the opening up of Ti2C-MXene nanosheets and the formation of TiO2 nanocrystals on their surfaces as revealed in microscopic and spectroscopic analysis. Nanocomposite exhibited considerably high electrochemical response than parent Ti2C MXene, and hence utilized as a novel electrode material for enzyme-free sensitive and specific detection of glucose. Developed nanocomposite-based non-enzymatic glucose sensor (NEGS) displays a wide linearity range (0.1 µM-200 µM, R2 = 0.992), high sensitivity of 75.32 μA mM−1 cm−2, a low limit of detection (0.12 μM) and a rapid response time (~3s). NEGS has further shown a high level of repeatability and selectivity for glucose in serum spiked samples. The unveiled excellent sensing performance of NEGS is credited to synergistically improved electrochemical response of Ti2C MXene and TiO2 nanoparticles. All of these attributes highlight the potential of MXene nanocomposite as a next-generation NEGS for on the spot mass screening of diabetic patients.
An Efficient and Frequency-Scalable Algorithm for the Evaluation of Relative Permittivity Based on a Reference Data Set and a Microstrip Ring Resonator
Authors: Joler Miroslav
Published: July 2022

In this paper, a fast and efficient algorithm for the evaluation of relative permittivity of a solid dielectric sample, when measured by a microstrip ring resonator, is proposed. It is verified for permittivity values up to 10 and material-under-test thicknesses up to 8 mm, which cover a wide range of prospective materials that may be used in electronics and communications. The algorithm was tested on 11 samples of various permittivity values and thicknesses and showed a very good agreement with their nominal permittivity values. The maximum error was within 10% even for the sample thicker than 7 mm, while the results for the four standard laminates (TLX8-060, RF60A-0300, RF60A-0620, and FR4) showed an average error of 2.34%. Attractive features of the proposed algorithm are that the results contained in the reference set are frequency-scalable, applicable to many pairs of unknown permittivity and sample thickness values, unbiased, and easily appendable with additional reference points if higher accuracy is sought.
Cortical Correlates of Increased Postural Task Difficulty in Young Adults: A Combined Pupillometry and EEG Study
Authors: Kahya Melike , Liao Ke , Gustafson Kathleen M. , Akinwuntan Abiodun E. , Manor Brad , Devos Hannes
Published: July 2022

The pupillary response reflects mental effort (or cognitive workload) during cognitive and/or motor tasks including standing postural control. EEG has been shown to be a non-invasive measure to assess the cortical involvement of postural control. The purpose of this study was to understand the effect of increasing postural task difficulty on the pupillary response and EEG outcomes and their relationship in young adults. Fifteen adults completed multiple trials of standing: eyes open, eyes open while performing a dual-task (auditory two-back), eyes occluded, and eyes occluded with a dual-task. Participants stood on a force plate and wore an eye tracker and 256-channel EEG cap during the conditions. The power spectrum was analyzed for absolute theta (4–7 Hz), alpha (8–13 Hz), and beta (13–30 Hz) frequency bands. Increased postural task difficulty was associated with greater pupillary response (p < 0.001) and increased posterior region alpha power (p = 0.001) and fronto-central region theta/beta power ratio (p = 0.01). Greater pupillary response correlated with lower posterior EEG alpha power during eyes-occluded standing with (r = −0.67, p = 0.01) and without (r = −0.69, p = 0.01) dual-task. A greater pupillary response was associated with lower CoP displacement in the anterior–posterior direction during dual-task eyes-occluded standing (r = −0.60, p = 0.04). The pupillary response and EEG alpha power appear to capture similar cortical processes that are increasingly utilized during progressively more challenging postural task conditions. As the pupillary response also correlated with task performance, this measurement may serve as a valuable stand-alone or adjunct tool to understand the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms of postural control.
LLDNet: A Lightweight Lane Detection Approach for Autonomous Cars Using Deep Learning
Authors: Khan Md. Al-Masrur , Haque Md Foysal , Hasan Kazi Rakib , Alajmani Samah H. , Baz Mohammed , Masud Mehedi , Nahid Abdullah-Al
Published: July 2022

Lane detection plays a vital role in making the idea of the autonomous car a reality. Traditional lane detection methods need extensive hand-crafted features and post-processing techniques, which make the models specific feature-oriented, and susceptible to instability for the variations on road scenes. In recent years, Deep Learning (DL) models, especially Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models have been proposed and utilized to perform pixel-level lane segmentation. However, most of the methods focus on achieving high accuracy while considering structured roads and good weather conditions and do not put emphasis on testing their models on defected roads, especially ones with blurry lane lines, no lane lines, and cracked pavements, which are predominant in the real world. Moreover, many of these CNN-based models have complex structures and require high-end systems to operate, which makes them quite unsuitable for being implemented in embedded devices. Considering these shortcomings, in this paper, we have introduced a novel CNN model named LLDNet based on an encoder–decoder architecture that is lightweight and has been tested in adverse weather as well as road conditions. A channel attention and spatial attention module are integrated into the designed architecture to refine the feature maps for achieving outstanding results with a lower number of parameters. We have used a hybrid dataset to train our model, which was created by combining two separate datasets, and have compared the model with a few state-of-the-art encoder–decoder architectures. Numerical results on the utilized dataset show that our model surpasses the compared methods in terms of dice coefficient, IoU, and the size of the models. Moreover, we carried out extensive experiments on the videos of different roads in Bangladesh. The visualization results exhibit that our model can detect the lanes accurately in both structured and defected roads and adverse weather conditions. Experimental results elicit that our designed method is capable of detecting lanes accurately and is ready for practical implementation.
Development of Intraoperative Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging System Using a Dual-CMOS Single Camera
Authors: Choi Janghoon , Shin Jun Geun , Kwon Hyuk-Sang , Tak Yoon-Oh , Park Hyeong Ju , Ahn Jin-Chul , Eom Joo Beom , Seo Youngseok , Park Jin Woo , Choi Yongdoo , Eom Jonghyun
Published: July 2022

We developed a single-camera-based near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging device using indocyanine green (ICG) NIR fluorescence contrast agents for image-induced surgery. In general, a fluorescent imaging system that simultaneously provides color and NIR images uses two cameras, which is disadvantageous because it increases the imaging head of the system. Recently, a single-camera-based NIR optical imaging device with quantum efficiency partially extended to the NIR region was developed to overcome this drawback. The system used RGB_NIR filters for camera sensors to provide color and NIR images simultaneously; however, the sensitivity and resolution of the infrared images are reduced by 1/4, and the exposure time and gain cannot be set individually when acquiring color and NIR images. Thus, to overcome these shortcomings, this study developed a compact fluorescent imaging system that uses a single camera with two complementary metal–oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors. Sensitivity and signal-to-background ratio were measured according to the concentrations of ICG solution, exposure time, and camera gain to evaluate the performance of the imaging system. Consequently, the clinical applicability of the system was confirmed through the toxicity analysis of the light source and in vivo testing.
Automatically Annotated Dataset of a Ground Mobile Robot in Natural Environments via Gazebo Simulations
Authors: Sánchez Manuel , Morales Jesús , Martínez Jorge L. , Fernández-Lozano J. J. , García-Cerezo Alfonso
Published: July 2022

This paper presents a new synthetic dataset obtained from Gazebo simulations of an Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV) moving on different natural environments. To this end, a Husky mobile robot equipped with a tridimensional (3D) Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) sensor, a stereo camera, a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver, an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) and wheel tachometers has followed several paths using the Robot Operating System (ROS). Both points from LiDAR scans and pixels from camera images, have been automatically labeled into their corresponding object class. For this purpose, unique reflectivity values and flat colors have been assigned to each object present in the modeled environments. As a result, a public dataset, which also includes 3D pose ground-truth, is provided as ROS bag files and as human-readable data. Potential applications include supervised learning and benchmarking for UGV navigation on natural environments. Moreover, to allow researchers to easily modify the dataset or to directly use the simulations, the required code has also been released.
Corporate Non-Financial Reporting in the UK: Diversions from the EU Sustainability Reporting Framework
Authors: Lin Wangwei
Published: July 2022

In late 2019, the European Union presented the EU Green Deal, which targets climate neutrality by 2050. Under the EU Green Deal’s Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD), a clear sustainability reporting and assurance framework was proposed as a significant aspect of the EU Sustainable Finance Package in 2021. However, because of its exit from the EU in 2020, the UK will cease to adopt EU legislations and will have to produce its own laws to achieve climate neutrality. Against this backdrop, the purpose of this paper is to explore how best to improve the non-financial reporting mechanism in the UK, in order to assist the UK in transitioning to a more sustainable economy. This paper investigates the unique challenges for non-financial reporting in the UK caused by Brexit, and the significance and effectiveness of risk-based regulation approach in the UK. The paper proposes a ‘really responsive’ industry-based non-financial reporting framework for the UK to address its unique challenges.
Construction of an Ecological Network Based on an Integrated Approach and Circuit Theory: A Case Study of Panzhou in Guizhou Province
Authors: Yang Liu , Suo Mengmeng , Gao Shunqian , Jiao Hongzan
Published: July 2022

Protecting ecological security has become the backbone of social and economic development since declines in ecological quality due to an increase in human dominance over the natural environment. The establishment of ecological networks is an effective, comprehensive spatial regulation means to ensure regional ecological security. Panzhou city, as a case study, is a typical karst county and has been confronted with the pressure of ecological degradation in recent decades. In this study, an integrated approach combining ecological quality (EQ), ecosystem function importance (EFI), and morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) was developed to determine the ecological sources. Ecological corridors, ecological pinch areas, and ecological barriers were extracted using circuit theory to identify the restored and conserved priority areas of ecological security patterns. The results showed that (1) the remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) and EFI exhibited typical geographical distributions, with the highest values concentrated in the northern and southern parts of the study area and the lowest values scattered in the middle part; (2) 26 patches with forestland, grassland, and waterbodies as the main land cover types were selected as the ecological sources; (3) 63 ecological corridors, composed of 45 key ecological corridors and 18 inactive ecological corridors, were extracted, accounting for 203.12 km and 163.31 km, respectively; (4) 82.76 km2 of pinch areas and 320.29 km2 of barriers were identified, both of which were distributed on key ecological corridors and played different roles in ecological security; and (5) 4 types of ecological security zones were established according to ecological sources, corridors, pinch areas, and barriers. This integrated approach provides a scientific method for the identification and implementation of ecological networks that can contribute to protecting regional ecological security. Our findings can serve as applicable and reasonable guidance to land administrators and policy-makers for adopting suitable territorial spatial planning, urban planning, green cities, etc.
The Start-Up Manager in Times of Crisis: Challenges and Solutions for Increasing the Resilience of Companies and Sustainable Reconstruction
Authors: Foris Tiberiu , Tecău Alina Simona , Dragomir Camelia-Cristina , Foris Diana
Published: July 2022

The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, amplified by the Russian–Ukrainian military conflict, have had a significant impact on economies and industries around the world, with serious implications for the activities of companies, including start-ups. In this context, this paper aims to examine the challenges and critical issues faced by the managers of start-ups during crises, and to identify solutions for increasing the resilience of companies and moving towards sustainable business reconstruction. Given that there are currently only limited data related to the long-term economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on start-ups, and especially concerning the implications of the Russian–Ukrainian war, we use a qualitative research approach to explore Romanian start-up managers’ perceptions of how this difficult context affects their businesses, taking into account the economic, social, and psychological factors that affect their management. The issues faced by start-up managers in times of unprecedented crisis in recent history are highlighted. The results of the research identify response measures that can contribute to increasing companies’ resilience, helping start-up managers to overcome critical events, and making sustainable choices for subsequent business recovery and reconstruction.
Seasonal Variations in Grain Yield, Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Carbon Sequestration for Maize Cultivation in Bangladesh
Authors: Biswas Jatish Chandra , Haque Md. Mozammel , Hossain Md. Belal , Maniruzzaman Md. , Zahan Taslima , Rahman Md. Mizanur , Sen Ranjit , Ishtiaque Sheikh , Chaki Apurbo K. , Ahmed Imrul Mossadek , Akhtar Shahrina , Ahmmed Faruque , Hossain Md. Faruque , Akhter Sohela , Kamruzzaman Mohammad , Biswas Jiban Krishna , Alsuhaibani Amnah Mohammed , Gaber Ahmed , Hossain Akbar
Published: July 2022

Rationale: Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from crop agriculture are of great concern in the context of changing climatic conditions; however, in most cases, data based on lifecycle assessments are not available for grain yield variations or the carbon footprint of maize. The current study aimed to determine net carbon emissions and sequestration for maize grown in Bangladesh. Methods: The static closed-chamber technique was used to determine total GHG emissions using data on GHG emissions from maize fields and secondary sources for inputs. A secondary source for regional yield data was used in the current study. GHG emission intensity is defined as the ratio of total emissions to grain yield. The net GHG emission/carbon sequestration was determined by subtracting total GHG emissions (CO2 eq.) from net primary production (NPP). Results: Grain yields varied from 1590 to 9300 kg ha−1 in the wet season and from 680 to 11,820 kg ha−1 in the dry season. GHG emission intensities were 0.53–2.21 and 0.37–1.70 kg CO2 eq. kg−1 grain in the wet and dry seasons, respectively. In Bangladesh, the total estimated GHG emissions were 1.66–4.09 million tonnes (MT) CO2 eq. from 2015 to 2020, whereas the net total CO2 sequestration was 1.51–3.91 MT. The net CO2 sequestration rates were 984.3–5757.4 kg ha−1 in the wet season and 1188.62–5757.39 kg ha−1 in the dry season. This study observed spatial variations in carbon emissions and sequestration depending on growing seasons. In the rice–maize pattern, maize sequestered about 1.23 MT CO2 eq. per year−1, but rice emitted about 0.16 MT CO2 eq. per year−1. This study showed potential spatiotemporal variations in carbon footprints. Recommendation: Special care is needed to improve maize grain yields in the wet season. Fertiliser and water use efficiencies need to be improved to minimise GHG emissions under changing climatic conditions. Efforts to increase the area under cultivation with rice–maize or other non-rice crop-based cropping systems are needed to augment CO2 sequestration. The generation of a regional data bank on carbon footprints would be beneficial for combating the impact of climate change.
Vehicle Price Classification and Prediction Using Machine Learning in the IoT Smart Manufacturing Era
Authors: Al-Turjman Fadi , Hussain Adedoyin A. , Alturjman Sinem , Altrjman Chadi
Published: July 2022

In this paper, machine learning (ML) strategies have been utilized in predicting vehicles’ prices and good deals. Vehicle value prediction has been considered one of the most significant research topics with the rise of IoT for sustainability. This is because it requires observable exertion and massive field information. Towards generating a model that anticipates the vehicles’ price, we applied three ML methods (neural network, decision tree, support vector machine, and linear regression). However, the referenced methods have been applied to function together as a group in a hybrid model. The information utilized was gathered from an information and computer science school that houses different datasets. Separate exhibitions of several ML techniques were contrasted to reveal which one is suitable for the accessible information index. Various difficulties and challenges associated with this design have also been discussed. Moreover, the model was experimented, and a 90% precision was achieved. This potential result can help in providing precise vehicle deals in the emerging Internet of Things (IoT) for the sustainability paradigm.
Determination of Air Pollutants: Application of a Low-Cost Method for Preparation of VOC Mixtures at Known Concentration
Authors: Sartore Lorenzo , Polvara Elisa , Invernizzi Marzio , Sironi Selena
Published: July 2022

Gas chromatography (GC) is an excellent tool to obtain qualitative and quantitative information on volatile organic compounds (VOCs) present in gaseous samples. However, to carry out an appropriate quantitative analysis of unknown samples, the use of known concentration gas mixtures, to exploit as standards, is required. Commonly, these mixtures are obtained from cylinders of compressed gas at known concentrations: this involves a considerable economic outlay and problems relating to their handling. This paper aims to apply a method, proposed as a versatile, simple, and economical alternative to the use of such cylinders, for preparing gaseous calibration standards useful to obtain calibration curves for quantification of air pollutants. In addition, the operative limits of this method were investigated. The method involves the continuous injection of volatile compounds in liquid form into a stream of neutral gas, such as air or nitrogen. Exploiting the high volatility of the compounds used, it is possible to generate a continuous gas stream containing the chosen VOC at the desired concentration based on the mass balance of the system. This method proved to be suitable for compounds with volatility ranging from 36 kPa to 0.1 kPa at 293 K and it showed relative bias and relative standard deviation (RSD) values of less than 16% and 8%, respectively. The described dynamic method results are repeatable and accurate. It can be used effectively for compounds with vapour pressure values within the stated limits and provides a more versatile and cost-effective alternative to compressed gas cylinders.
ESG Rating and Northbound Capital Shareholding Preferences: Evidence from China
Authors: Wan Guochao , Dawod Ahmad Yahya
Published: July 2022

In the context of achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals and the opening of a capital market in China, an emerging country, the relationship between an ESG rating and northbound capital shareholding preferences (NCSP) is a topic worthy of discussion. In this research, we selected CSI 300-listed companies from 2015 to 2020 as the research object and examined the influence and mechanism of the ESG rating on the NCSP. Our findings showed that the ESG rating is significantly correlated with NCSP, that the ESG rating can dramatically enhance corporate accounting conservatism, and that accounting conservatism has a partial mediating effect between an ESG rating and the NCSP. Furthermore, we noticed that the positive effect of ESG ratings on NCSP among non-state (non-SOE) corporations is more pronounced. The most prominent of the three perspectives of ESG ratings was governance (G). We found that the ESG rating had a stronger impact on the NCSP during the post-COVID-19 period than in the pre-COVID-19 period. In this paper, based on the perspective of accounting conservatism, we enrich the study of ESG ratings in the capital market, provide empirical evidence for the theoretical study of NCSP, and offer a reference for the optimization of the ESG concept and its positioning in corporations. In future studies, expanding the sample range may lead to different interesting findings.
Issues of the legal classification in cases of death by firearm or highly active poisonous substance
Authors: Pandilova Nadya
Published: July 2022

This article addresses the issue of the distinguishing criterion between the constituent elements of the simple (Art. 122, para 2 CC) and professional negligence (Art. 123, para 1 CC) in cases where death is caused by a firearm or a highly active poisonous substance. It is concluded that, in order to distinguish between the constituent elements of the abovementioned crimes, it is necessary for the law enforcement authorities to assess the nature of the causative activity itself.
On the right to difference and the obligation for tolerance
Authors: Chochova Maria
Published: July 2022

The exhibition analyzes values and legal categories such as tolerance, dignity, as well as the right to non-discrimination through the prism of international law, national law and the practice of the courts. Tolerance is consider as an obligation and differences as characteristics of the individuality of each human being, representing a defensible right.
CAPACIDAD ADSORTIVA DEL CARBÓN ACTIVADO OBTENIDO DEL EPICARPIO DE Citrus sinensis EN LA REMOCIÓN DE INDIGOTINA
Authors: Carrasquero Sedolfo , Díaz Montiel Altamira Rosa , Colina Andrade Gilberto de Jesus
Published: July 2022

La industria textil genera efluentes altamente coloreados y constituidos por compuestos difícilmente biodegradables. En esta investigación se evaluó la capacidad adsortiva del carbón activado preparado a partir del epicarpio de Citrus sinensis en la remoción del colorante azul índigo (indigotina). El carbón se obtuvo mediante un proceso de activación química del precursor con H3PO4 al 40% durante 1 h. Posteriormente, se caracterizó por medio de los parámetros: densidad aparente, humedad, cenizas e índice de yodo. Se comparó la capacidad adsortiva del carbón de Citrus sinensis (CACN) con un carbón comercial (CAC), mediante la realización de ensayos por carga. El carbón activado preparado a partir de las cáscaras de naranja presentó una densidad aparente de 0,459 g/mL, lo que indica que puede ser utilizado en procesos de adsorción por carga debido a su alta resistencia mecánica. Los resultados del proceso de adsorción se ajustaron mejor al modelo de Freundlich, ya que existió una mejor linealidad y una menor dispersión de los datos experimentales; así como bajos valores de la suma de los cuadrados de los errores relativos. Se obtuvieron porcentajes de remoción de indigotina para el carbón activado de cáscaras de naranja y el carbón activado comercial de 70,35% y 88,78%, con dosis óptimas de 8 y 2 g/L tratando aguas sintéticas con concentraciones iniciales de 67 y 37 mg indigotina/L, respectivamente, lo que indica que estos materiales adsorbentes pueden de ser empleados en el tratamiento de efluentes textiles para la reducción del azul índigo.
HIDRÓLISIS ENZIMÁTICA DE LA SANGRE BOVINO GENERADA DEL FAENAMIENTO PARA LA OBTENCIÓN DE CONCENTRADO PROTEICO
Authors: Montanero Zambrano Richard Marcelo , Moreira-Bravo Genessis Dayana , Rosero-Delgado Ernesto Alonso
Published: July 2022

La industria del ganado bovino satisface una gran demanda de productos y genera una elevada cantidad de residuos. Uno de los principales residuos es la sangre bovina, que tiene un potencial en la producción de concentrados proteicos. El objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar la hidrólisis enzimática de la sangre bovina para la obtención de un concentrado proteico. La sangre residual de bovino provino del Camal municipal de Portoviejo. Los parámetros para la caracterización de la sangre fueron proteína, grasa, ceniza, humedad y pH. El proceso para la obtención del concentrado proteico consistió en etapas de recolección/estabilización, purificación y filtración, ajuste del pH, hidrólisis, secado y molienda. La estabilización de la sangre empleó ácido etilendiaminotetraacético 0,018N y ajuste de pH con ácido clorhídrico 2M. El proceso hidrolítico empleó la enzima Corolase7089 con un diseño de experimento 33, evaluando el efecto de la temperatura (30-50-65°C), pH (2-3-4) y concentración enzima/sustrato (2-4-6%). Se determinó la concentración de aminoácidos en la sangre y en el concentrado. La optimización del contenido proteico se obtuvo mediante el método de superficie de respuesta. Las pruebas experimentales reflejaron que el pH, temperatura y concentración enzimática tuvieron un efecto significativo, obteniéndose un rendimiento óptimo de proteína en el concentrado proteico de 87,12±4,3%, a pH 2, temperatura de 47,7°C y relación enzima/sustrato de 6%. En conclusión, el concentrado proteico contiene un elevado valor nutricional y un aumento significativo en la concentración de aminoácidos, que oscila entre 49% y 2841% para metionina y arginina, con respecto a la materia prima.
Joint Frequency Offset and Channel Estimation for NB-IoT Systems
Authors: Zhang Pinchang , He Ji , Dong Jiankuo , Sha Letian
Published: July 2022

The nonlinear distortions resulting from the radio frequency (RF) impairments such as frequency offset, I/Q-imbalance, phase noise, and quantization errors. The hardware impairments severely degrade signal reception performance in NB-IoT systems and hence estimation for hardware impairments is necessary and mitigated by compensation algorithms. To this end, this paper focuses on the problem of estimating channel gains and frequency offsets in an NB-IoT system. Speciﬁcally, we ﬁrst separate channel gains and frequency offsets and derive the analytical expressions of interest, based on the maximum likelihood estimation; We derive the expectation-maximization algorithm and apply it to the NB-IoT system for solving joint estimation of frequency offsets and channel gains; We carry out extensive simulations to illustrate that how systems parameters (e.g., channel phase difference, frequency offset difference, SNR, the number of sampling) can affect estimation performance.
The Impact of United States of America Intervention On Israeli-Palestinian Conflict
Authors: Warasti Nuraini Sekar , Qonita Haya , Sholeh Badrus
Published: July 2022

The Israeli occupation of Palestine became a prolonged conflict; this conflict was caused by the seizure of the Jerusalem area. Jerusalem itself is a holy city for Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. The conflict began in 1917-1947 when during British rule in Palestine with Jerusalem as the center of government, the Balfour Declaration stated that Britain handed over the mandate of Palestine to the United Nations. During the ongoing conflict to date, not only two countries, namely Israel and Palestine, are involved, but there is also the intervention of the United States which has a fairly dominant role. For example, Donald Trump as President of the United States of America unilaterally announced that he recognized Jerusalem as the capital of Israel in 2017, thus triggering a greater struggle than ever in the Middle East. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview, description, and understanding of the occurrence of conflict events in the Palestinian territories, by looking at the origins of the conflict, the role of the United States in it, and the impact of the dominant role of the United States in this prolonged conflict.
Okul Yöneticilerinin Kayırmacı Tutum ve Davranışlarına İlişkin Öğretmen Görüşleri
Authors: GÜNDEYERLİ Burçin , AYPAY Ahmet
Published: July 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı okullarda yöneticilerin kayırmacı tutum ve davranışları konusundaki öğretmen görüşlerini ortaya koymaktır. Araştırma nitel bir araştırma olup veriler, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile toplanmıştır. Çalışma grubunu, Doğu Anadolu Bölgesinde bir ilde görev yapan öğretmenler oluşturmaktadır. Veriler Covid 19 koşulları sebebiyle online ve telefon görüşmeleri yoluyla toplanmış ve içerik analizi ile analiz edilmiş ve yorumlanmıştır. Öğretmenlere göre okul yöneticilerinin, kayırmacılık davranışını çeşitli türlerde gösterdiği; kayırmacılık davranışından yönetici, öğretmen, öğrenci, veli ilişkilerinin, okul kültürünün, eğitim sürecinin olumsuz etkilendiği bulunmuştur. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgulara göre; kayırmacılık kavramının ne anlama geldiğine bakıldığı zaman şu sonuçlar çıkmıştır. Nepotizm; yani akraba, eş-dost kayırmacılığı ile eşit ve adil olmama yani lehte, aleyhte karar, ödül-ceza, müsamaha, öncelik, imtiyaz, ayrıcalık, ayrımcılık, haksız, usulsüz bir tarafı tutma, hak edilmeyen makam, konum, pozisyon, işe alma, işten çıkarma, bir öğretmeni ön plana çıkarma, baskı ve iyi davranma konusunda yapılan kayırmacılık. Katılımcılar, en çok hemşericilik konusunda kayırmacılık yapıldığını ifade etmişlerdir. Yönetici seçiminin liyakate dayalı olması, sendikaların etkinliği sadece haklarla ilgili olarak sınırlandırılması, üst kademedeki yöneticilerin tarafsızlığı sağlanması, rotasyon uygulanması, öğretmenlerin yöneticileri değerlendirmesi, müdürlerin kayırmacılık konusunda eğitilmesi, periyodik olarak denetlenmesi, kayırmacılık yapan müdürlere yönelik yaptırımlar getirilmesi, bakanlığın buna yönelik bir politika geliştirmesi gibi öneriler ortaya konulmuştur. Kayırmacılığın ve etkilerinin önlenmesi için, katılımcı görüşlerinden elde edilen bulgulara dayalı olarak öneriler sıralanarak, uygulayıcıların alması gereken önlemler ve araştırmacılara yönelik öneriler ortaya konulmuştur.
Ecological Niche Modelling of the Genus Anatololacerta Under Past, Historical And Future Bioclimatic Conditions
Authors: Bozkurt Emin
Published: July 2022

Anatolia has played an important role in the speciation of many species. Global climatic changes affect the distribution of many reptiles in different ways, including their range expansion or habitat loss. In this study, we focused on the genus Anatololacerta which inhabits Anatolia
and some Greek islands. In total, 150 literature records and 20 items of observation data were analysed with the maximum entropy method (MaxEnt) for the last glacial maximum (LGM), as well as historical (1970-2000) and future (2081-2100; RCP 4.5) bioclimatic conditions. According to our model,
the distribution ranges in the future conditions for A. danfordi, A. finikensis and A. ibrahimi were more extensive than for the historical conditions. However, A. anatolica and A. pelasgiana may experience a potential habitat loss in the future. Although
physical barriers were obstacles in the LGM and historical records, these barriers may be overcome after the climatic changes taking place in the near future.
Cimigenoside Affects Cell Viability, Apoptosis and Metastasis Of A549 Cells Via The NF-κB Pathway
Authors: Wang Qinqin , Yang Hua , Yang Wenjun , Jiang Tingshu
Published: July 2022

Cimigenoside, one of the main elements isolated from the aboveground plants of the Cimicifuga genus, has anti-tumour effects. However, the question of whether Cimigenoside had effects on lung cancer remains elusive. This study was aimed at investigating the effects of Cimigenoside
on A549 lung cancer cells. The A549 cells were cultured in vitro, and an MTT assay was carried out to explore the cell proliferative abilities after a treatment with Cimigenoside. The wound healing assays and Transwell invasion assays were carried out to explore the effects of Cimigenoside
on cell migration and invasion in the A549 cells. A cell apoptosis assay using flow cytometry was used to evaluate the effects on cell apoptosis in the A549 cells. The related protein expression levels were measured using a Western blot assay. It was hypothesised that Cimigenoside could restrain
tumour cell proliferation, migration and invasion, while inducing cell apoptosis with apoptosis-related protein change levels in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The Western blot assay revealed that the Cimigenoside treated A549 cells had a reduced expression of p65, while having an increased
expression of IκBα at the protein level. Taken together, this study demonstrated that Cimigenoside has the potential to repress cell proliferation, migration and invasion, while inducing apoptosis in A549 lung cancer cells through the NF-κB pathway. These results reveal that
Cimigenoside may have a therapeutic potential for lung cancer treatment.
CYTOGENETIC STUDY IN SAND SPIDERS (SICARIIDAE) FROM THE BRAZILIAN CAATINGA: SEX CHROMOSOME SYSTEM DIVERSITY IN CLOSELY RELATED SPECIES
Authors: Gimenez-Pinheiro T. , Carvalho L.S. , Brescovit A.D. , Magalhaes I.L.F. , Schneider M.C.
Published: July 2022

In this study, we investigated the chromosomes of three species of Sicarius spiders from the Brazilian Caatinga, using classical and molecular cytogenetic techniques. Based on the phylogenetic approach, we also discussed about the variation of diploid number, types of sex chromosome system and changes in the localization of ribosomal genes of Scytodoidea. Sicarius are Synspermiata spiders that together with the genera Loxosceles and Hexophthalma constitute the family Sicariidae. In this group, the available cytogenetic data showed a low diploid number range (2n♂=18 to 2n♂=23) and the presence of only multiple sex chromosome systems (X1X2Y and X1X20). Mitotic metaphase cells exhibited 2n♂=16+X1X2Y for Sicarius cariri and S. ornatus, and 2n♂=18+XY for S. tropicus. In these species, silver impregnation revealed nucleolar organizer region (Ag-NOR) on the terminal region of pair 1. In S. ornatus and S. tropicus, the results obtained with fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) using 18S rDNA probe were similar to Ag-NOR, however in S. cariri, the ribosomal sites were localized in the terminal region of the X1 sex chromosome. In this work, we presented the first description of a simple sex chromosome system for Sicariidae, helping to understand how the XY sex chromosome system evolved from the X1X2Y system. Additionally, FISH data incongruous with Ag-NOR indicate that the cytogenetic studies in Sicariidae allow investigating the relation between the karyotype evolution and the distribution and the activity of rDNA genes.

Key words: karyotype, mitosis, nucleolar organizer region, rDNA, Sicarius
RESEARCH OF THE CLEANING SYSTEM FOR THIN-WALLED FERMENTER, USED IN THE MANUFACTURING OF MICROBIAL PLANT PROTECTION PRODUCTS
Authors: BESPALOV I. , YAROSHEVSKY V. , BULGAKOV V. , IVANOVS S.
Published: July 2022

The peculiarities of microbial plant protection products from pests and diseases allow the use of thin-walled fermenters in their production, in which there is no sterilisation under high pressure. The article is devoted to the development of the cleaning in place system for such fermenters. Experimental studies have been carried out to ensure a pasteurising effect when treating the fermenter with heated sterile water and a nutrient medium concentrate obtained from the sterilizer. Its parameters: its volume, temperature, the time delay have been determined. There is proposed a hardware diagram of the fermentation plant, consisting of an industrial steriliser and a thin-walled fermenter. The cleaning procedure is combined with the main technological process and does not require additional equipment. The production tests have confirmed the cleaning efficiency.
Electromechanical Property Calculation of Carbon Nanotubes Using Linear Augmented Cylindrical Wave Method
Authors: D’yachkov Pavel
Published: July 2022

Deformations of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) change their band structure in the nanoelectromechanical systems. In this study, we investigated the response of the electronic structure of chiral and nonchiral SWNTs (8,7), (9,6), (10,5), (7,7), (11,0), (12,0), and (13,0) to twisting and axial tension modes by using the symmetrized linear augmented cylindrical wave technique. We showed that perturbations of the band structures depend on a “family” index p = (n1 − n2)mod 3 (where p = −1, 0 or 1). Twisting the semiconducting (8,7) tubule with p = 1 in the direction of the screw axis is accompanied by the large broadening of minimum gap E11 and narrowing of the second gap E22, while these gaps drastically change in the tubule (10,5) with p = −1. In these tubules, changing the direction of twisting leads to the reversal in direction of the gap shifts. Regardless of the twisting direction, in metallic (7,7) and quasi-metallic (9,6) SWNTs with p = 0, the E11 gap rapidly increases from 0.0 and 0.035 eV to about 1 eV. When twisting the zigzag tubules (13,0) p = 1 and (11,0) p = −1, the gaps E11 equal to about 0.8 eV increase and decrease by several hundredths of eV. On the contrary, the compression and extension of these tubules cause a sharp change in their band structure with approximately a twofold change in the gaps E11 and E22 and inversion in the sequence of the boundary bands. The similar deformation of the armchair nanotube (7,7) has practically no effect on its electronic levels. In the case of zigzag (12,0) p = 0 SWNT, all deformation modes transform the quasi-metallic tubule into the semiconductor.
INOVASI PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM
Authors: Muhammad Nur Hadi  , Syaifullah  , Wiwin Fachrudin Yusuf
Published: July 2022

This research is motivated by the current condition of Islamic religious education in Indonesia, which is still experiencing problems in various aspects and efforts to improve it have not been carried out in a basic way, seeming improvised. The government's attention to Islamic education is very small, on the other hand the government expects the people to have a socialist and religious spirit. It can be said that Islamic education in Indonesia occupies a "second class" in a Muslim-majority society. Social change is essentially a part of cultural change. Aspects of culture are art, science, knowledge, technology, philosophy. Ibn Khaldun said in his muqodimah there is no human society that does not change, meaning that the work of stopping the course of change is an impossible job. In social change, an in-depth philosophical study is needed to produce values ​​that can bring more benefits to society, to realize the values ​​contained in philosophy can be pursued in various ways, one of which is through education. With education, humans can communicate their culture and intellectual heritage to future generations, and provide inspiration and life goals.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CRP, D-DIMER, SERUM FERRITIN, INITIAL CT- CHEST SEVERITY SCORE AND THE OUTCOME OF COVID-19 IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Dominic Melvin , Abthahir S Syed , Hara Sudhan C.Hari , Chandrasekaran V.P. , Saravanan Shananth , KS Chanjal
Published: July 2022

Introduction: The surge of Covid -19 pandemic and the earlier depletion of resources have led to the need of allocation of patients based on levels of risk. The COVID 19 related mortality has been on increase in people with old age, male gender, inammatory markers elevation and in people with history of co morbidities. With this background, thus study aimed to observe association between CRP, D-Dimer, Serum Ferritin, The Initial CT Chest Severity Score and the outcome of Covid 19 in patients with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus. A hospital based retrospective study was done among COVID 19 patients from the period of September toMaterials and methods: December 2020. Patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted with RT-PCR positive (or) CT Thorax – CORADS 4 and above with age more than 18 years and having CRP, D-Dimer, Serum Ferritin results within 24 hours after admission were included in the study. The data was collected using a semi structured questionnaire. A total of 531 individuals were participated in the study. The mean respiratory rate and oxygenResults: saturation between the survived and deceased groups was statistically signicant (p value 0.024 and 0.044 respectively). All the patients had normal blood urea and serum creatinine values. The mean CORADS score of the participants is 4.78 ± 0.60. There is statisticallyConclusion: signicant difference in the mean respiratory rate and mean SPO2 between deceased and recovered patients. With advancements in medical sciences, it may not be a rigid process to predict severity with laboratory investigations.
EFFECT OF DIODE LASER DISINFECTION AND THE APICAL BARRIER TECHNIQUE IN AN ENDODONTIC RETREATMENT CASE WITH OPEN APEX: A CASE REPORTS
Authors: Nayak Moksha , Aphiya A Aysath , Sreenivasan Bhavana
Published: July 2022

The primary reason for an endodontic treatment failure is the persistence or regrowth of different species of bacteria
within the root canal system. The root development and closure of its apex in a permanent tooth occurs till 3 years after the
eruption. Treatment of traumatic injury of teeth during the development period of root resulting in open apex poses an endodontic challenge.
Various materials are used for induction of apical closure to produce favourable conditions and to conne the root canal lling within the canal
space. This paper describes clinical case of retreatment on premolar with improperly treated root canal with open apex. Multiple visit endodontic
retreatment of premolar was performed. Disinfection was performed using Intracanal diode laser irrigation activation followed by placing triple
antibiotic paste (TAP) as intra-canal dressing. In the second appointment apical plug of Biodentine against a platelet-rich brin (matrix) was
condensed. The present case showed successful periapical healing and resolution of symptoms with the use of calcium silicate based cement with
platelet-rich brin as an apical barrier matrix. Procedure is followed carefully using recommended protocols.
On Fast and Effective Influence Spread Maximization in Social Networks
Authors: Scarabaggio Paolo , Carli Raffaele , Dotoli Mariagrazia
Published: July 2022

The ability of social networks to disseminate information across individuals and groups is based on the social influence that people have on each other.

In this context, the so-called influence maximization problem consists in identifying the most influential nodes of a given social network. 

This problem has practical relevance in a wide range of applications and despite the underlying computational complexity, several solution techniques have been presented in the related literature. Nonetheless, bringing together technical feasibility and satisfactory accuracy is still a challenging open research issue.

In this work, we address the influence maximization problem with two complementary contributions. First, we analyze two well-known influence diffusion models, namely the independent cascade and the linear threshold models, and provide a new methodology for addressing the problem of computing the influence spread in a given network. Subsequently, we propose a novel approach to select an initial set of nodes that optimizes the influence spread in large-scale scenarios.

We apply these techniques to several large-scale experiments in real-world scenarios achieving results comparable with the best-performing state-of-the-art algorithms in a shorter computational time.

This work has been submitted to the IEEE for possible publication. Copyright may be transferred without notice, after which this version may no longer be accessible.
Analyzing the Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Energy Demand: the Case of Northern Italy
Authors: Scarabaggio Paolo , La Scala Massimo , Carli Raffaele , Dotoli Mariagrazia
Published: July 2022

The COVID-19 crisis is profoundly influencing the global economic framework due to restrictive measures adopted by governments worldwide. Finding real-time data to correctly quantify this impact is very significant but not as straightforward. Nevertheless, an analysis of the power demand profiles provides insight into the overall economic trends. To accurately assess the change in energy consumption patterns, in this work we employ a multi-layer feed-forward neural network that calculates an estimation of the aggregated power demand in the north of Italy, (i.e, in one of the European areas that were most affected by the pandemics) in the absence of the COVID-19 emergency. After assessing the forecasting model reliability, we compare the estimation with the ground truth data to quantify the variation in power consumption. Moreover, we correlate this variation with the change in mobility behaviors during the lockdown period by employing the Google mobility report data. From this unexpected and unprecedented situation, we obtain some intuition regarding the power system macro-structure and its relation with the overall people's mobility.

Postprint accepted for publication in the proceedings of the 2020 AEIT International Annual Conference (AEIT).

How to cite: P. Scarabaggio, M. La Scala, R. Carli and M. Dotoli, ”Analyzing the Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Energy Demand: the Case of Northern Italy,” 2020 AEIT International Annual Conference (AEIT), 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23919/AEIT50178.2020.9241136 

  

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