bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social perception of Facebook friendship among Greek students
Authors: Kourti Evangelia , Kordoutis Panagiotis , Anna Madoglou
Published: November 2020

Making friends is the basic concept upon which Facebook(Fb) isconceived. Fb operationalizes friendship more by simple acts of contact reinforcement (e.g., “add”, “like”, “comment”) and under the rubric “friend” allows diverse kinds of friendships (from real close friends to complete strangers). These new ways and practices of relating raisemainly issues of how friendship in Fb is perceived from users’ subjective point of view and according to their personal experience within the Fb context. Thisstudy focuses on users social perception of Fbfriendship.Participants were Greek students (N= 166); they provided their demographics and responded to questions onFbintensity use, Fb friends total number and their estimate of real friends in Fb. They also listedwords or thoughts to the question “how would you presentFbfriendship to someone who has never heard about it?”Content analysis of responses yielded7 themes (no response included).Fbfriendship was predominantly perceived as a means of “aggregating social capital” and “socializing”, frequently as “phoney” and less frequent as a way of “developing [real]friendships”, another mode of “flirting” and a “dangerous” way of connecting with people. Correspondence Analysis performed on the themes, taking into account gender, number of friends and proportion of real to total Fbfriends,indicated that although the social perception of Fbfriendship is permeated by disbelief and apprehension, making Fbfriends is also perceivedas a tool for the maintenance and expansion of one’s social capital and the promotion of desirable social identities.
A challenge for media psychology and technology
Authors: Davou Bettina
Published: November 2020

Abstract non available
Η νοηματοδότηση της εμπειρίας του εγκλεισμού και η (ανα)κατασκευή της ταυτότητας έγκλειστων γυναικών: Ποιοτική μελέτη
Authors: Κερώση Μαρία-Ισμήνη , Αυδή Ευρυνόμη
Published: November 2020

This study aimed to explore how women in confinement attribute meaning to their experience in prison and, at the same time, how they (re)construct their narrative identity as they visualize their future through the use of photographs. The study was part of a broader research titled “Phototherapy in prisons”. Six imprisoned women participated in the study. The technique of photo-elicitation in interviews was adopted and women created life narrative using the medium of photo-stories . The material was analysed using narrative analysis. Through the analysis two main narrative types emerged; a restitution narrative and a partial regeneration narrative. Significant topics in the women’s life narrative included issues of responsibility, gender as a factor in women’s involvement in criminal activities, the perceptions of imprisonment and participants’ desire to distance themselves from the experience following their release from prison. The findings of this study help better understand the experience of imprisonment, taking into account the role of gender, and highlight the contribution of alternative methods of study when working with people who have limited opportunities to voice their experiences. In addition, findings provide insight regarding the design of trauma focused interventions in prison with the aim of more fully preparing the women for the transition to life in the community.
Theory and Applications of Trait Emotional Intelligence
Authors: Petrides Konstantinos V. , Mavroveli Stella
Published: November 2020

The theory of trait emotional intelligence (trait EI or trait emotional self-efficacy) is summarized with illustrative applications from the domains of clinical, educational, and organizational psychology. Key limitations of the conceptualization of EI as a cognitive ability are also briefly discussed. Trait EI is offered as a preferred alternative and its relationship to other EI-related models utilizing self-report measures, but lacking an underlying theoretical rationale, is explained. The various forms of the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue) and the children’s sampling domain of the construct are presented. The paper concludes with a discussion of theoretical extensions of trait EI theory.
Psychometric analysis of the Greek version of the Sibling Relationship Questionnaire
Authors: Adamis Dimitrios , Tsamparl Anastasia , Talanti Konstantina
Published: November 2020

Siblings’ relationships are determinants of emotional and personal development. Although Greece is assumed a country with strong family bonds, no empirical research in this area exists; one of the reasons being the lack of reliable instruments. The SRQ is a widely used scale to measure this relationship. The aim of the present study was to translateand examine the psychometric properties of SRQ. One hundred and eighty five children and adolescents were recruited. Concurrent validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability and agreement between parents-children versions of the translated scale were investigated. Concurrent validity ranged from 0.29 to 0.68, the overall internal consistency was 0.86 and the test-retest reliability ranged from 0.58 to 0.78. Agreement between children-parents versions was significant only when mothers do the rating. Confirmatory factor analysis for the two important dimensions Warmth/Closeness and Conflict, which have been identified in the original study it shows that they are also present also in the Greek version. Thus, the Greek version of SRQ is a valid and reliable instrument to be used within the Greek population, for multinational clinical research and for comparison with findings from other countries.
Online social networking and cognitive performance in older adults: A Greek-Canadian study
Authors: Hatzifilalithis Stephanie , Chrysochoou Elisavet , Pavlidis George , Vivas Ana B.
Published: November 2020

The present study examined the relation between cognitive performance and social networking in older adults from Canada and Greece. The two groups were matched on age, gender, education level, and MMSE scores. Participants reported the amount of both off-line and online networking, as well as the social support received in these contexts. Immediate and delayed recall, speed of processing, and executive functioning were also assessed. Online networking was associated with executive functioning. Interestingly, country context didn’t moderate the relationship, despite differences observed between Greeks and Canadians in executive functioning and online networking. Our findings suggest that online social participation could serve both as a source of social support and as cognitive training, benefiting older adults’ cognitive vitality. The findings are discussed in relation to the characteristics of the specific countries, stressing the need to explore the effects of online social networking and participation on cognitive function in the aging population.
Academic Procrastination in Greek Higher Education: Shedding Light on a Darkened yet Critical Issue
Authors: Argiropoulou Maria I. , Κalantzi Anastasia , Ferrari Joseph R.
Published: November 2020

Αcademic procrastination, characterized by self-regulation difficulties in delaying the start or completion of academic tasks (Ferrari, 2010), is widespread among university students. One of the most widely used measures of academic procrastination is Procrastination Assessment Scale Students (PASS, Solomon &Rotblum, 1984). However, there is adearth of research investigating its factorial structure using confirmatory factor analysis. Greek studies on academic procrastination are also scarce. The present study investigated academic procrastination among Greek university students (n = 865),as well as the factorial structure of PΑSS. Results from a CFA supported a one factor solution. Moreover, 40.5% of students were characterized as frequent procrastinators, towards reading for the exams, writing essays or attending classes. The reasons students gave for procrastinating were “fear of failure”, “task aversion”, “fear of success /peer pressure” and “lack of assertiveness/ time management skills”. No major, age, or gender differences in academic procrastination were detected. Finally, most students wished to participate in a future anti-procrastination program. Findings increase the ecological validity of current literature and could be potentially useful for counselors and researchers
Όψεις της σύγχρονης κοινωνικο-ψυχολογικής έρευνας: Εισαγωγή
Authors: Λαμπρίδης Ευθύμιος
Published: November 2020

The Introduction to the current special issue has two goals: First, to determine the concept and the content of the scientific field of social psychology by focusing on the scientific and the epistemological grounding of the discipline and by highlighting the continuing development of social psychological research objectives through recourse to researchareas and methods. Also, to pinpoint the contribution of Greek social psychologists in the ongoing scientific debate, both nationally and internationally. Second, to critically review the papers that appear in this special issue of Psychology, offering to the reader a summarized view of the content, theoretical basis, research method (s), findings and conclusions of each one of them.
Condom use in greek young adults’ dating relationships: The role of sexual debut condom use and relationship characteristics
Authors: Κορδούτης Πάνος
Published: November 2020

We examined whether individual and relationship characteristics predicted condom use in Greek young adults’ ongoing relationships. Participants were 277 university students with ongoing dating relationships who provided their demographics and information on their sexual profiles, partners, and relationships. Participants rated their relationships in terms of matrimonial and hedonistic (passionate) characteristics, and indicated whether they had used a condomat first intercourse, at latest intercourse, and consistently during the relationship. Condoms were more likely to be used at first intercourse, at latest intercourse and during the relationship when they had been used at sexual debut (first-time-in-life sexual intercourse). However, they were less likely to be used at latest intercourse, the longer and the more hedonistic the relationship. In addition, increased frequency of coital sex during the relationship was associated with less consistent condom use. It appears that condom use at sexual debut establishes a resilient habit of condom use in future relationships. However, relationship duration, sexual passion, and frequency of coital sex appear to undermine condom use. Condom use promotion should address young audiences at an early age, emphasizing that relationship length, frequency of coital sex, and passion may work against protective behavior in a relationship.
Μεγαλώνοντας παιδί/ά στο φάσμα του αυτισμού: Η ταξική διάσταση
Authors: Ζήση Αναστασία , Μαυροπούλου Σοφία , Δαρδάνη Χριστίνα
Published: November 2020

The focus of the present qualitative study is the contextualization of the lived experience of mothers raising one or more children with autism, examining specific aspects, the real socio-economic life circumstances and their role on mothers’ access to resources, their mental health and overall quality of life. The initial main findings generated from the qualitative analysis of the interviews collected from 83 mothers from contrasting/opposite socio-economic positions, working class and economically privileged, are presented across four thematic nodes: a) the type and quality of the diagnostic experience, b) the quality of marriage, the support networks and social responses, c) the motherhood role and coping skills, and d) the explanatory models for the causation of autism and the experiences from “therapeutic pathways”. The qualitative analysis of the empirical material illustrated that factors directly relevant to the context of this experience, such as social position and access to resources, exert a critical influence on the biographic trajectories of these mothers, their psychological state and their overall quality of life.
Assumptions of individual diversity ideology and controversial effects on acknowledging racism
Authors: Iatridis Tilemachos
Published: November 2020

Widespread ideas about diversity are being attacked today by authoritarian neoconservative political movements on a wide geopolitical scale. This paper focuses on those ideas celebrating individuals’ diversity (ID) and extends a previous study in a Greek sample (Iatridis, 2017) which showed that ID ideas paradoxically correlated positively with bothacknowledging racism as a major problem worldwide and denying the importance of racism altogether. The present paper proposes that such controversial findings may be due to an inherent ambivalence of ID ideology on the issues of difference and hierarchy. In this vein, lay accounts of social differences and representations of targets of racism were tested as mediators in the controversial relation between ID ideology and acknowledging or denying the importance of racism. In line with expectations, it was found that (a) allegedly nonhierarchical accounts of social difference (pointing to differences in individuals’ style, psychological attributes, etc.) related to ID ideology, as well as to both acknowledging and denying the importance of racism; (b) ID ideas andacknowledging the importance of racism related to considering those social groups typically addressed in antiracist rhetoric in Greece (e.g. gays and immigrants), but not other minority groups, to be targets of racist discrimination. Interestingly, ID ideology was particularly sensitive to considering powerful groups (e.g. the rich and Germans) as targets of racism, and this pattern was implicated in both acknowledging and denying the importance of racism. These findings are discussed in the context of charges currently being levelled against the societal relevance of diversity ideas today.
Recent advances in understanding and treatment of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Tarakad Arjun , Jankovic Joseph
Published: November 2020

Though primarily a sporadic condition, Parkinson’s disease is increasingly recognized to be a multifactorial disease with a strong genetic component. At a cellular level, disruptions of protein trafficking and recycling, particularly by misfolding, accumulation, and aggregation of α-synuclein, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and other etiopathogenic mechanisms, have been found to result in the death of vulnerable neuronal populations and appear to drive the neurodegeneration underlying Parkinson’s disease. The improved understanding of these mechanisms has led to the development of novel pathogenesis-targeted and potentially disease-modifying therapeutic approaches in Parkinson’s disease. Until these treatments are fully developed and approved, clinicians must rely on therapies designed to improve quality of life of patients by treating various motor and non-motor symptoms of the disease.
A Branch-and-Price Framework for Decomposing Graphs into Relaxed Cliques
Authors: Gschwind Timo , Irnich Stefan , Furini Fabio , Calvo Roberto Wolfler
Published: November 2020

We study the family of problems of partitioning and covering a graph into/with a minimum number of relaxed cliques. Relaxed cliques are subsets of vertices of a graph for which a clique-defining property—for example, the degree of the vertices, the distance between the vertices, the density of the edges, or the connectivity between the vertices—is relaxed. These graph partitioning and covering problems have important applications in many areas such as social network analysis, biology, and disease-spread prevention. We propose a unified framework based on branch-and-price techniques to compute optimal decompositions. For this purpose, new, effective pricing algorithms are developed, and new branching schemes are invented. In extensive computational studies, we compare several algorithmic designs, such as structure-preserving versus dichotomous branching, and their interplay with different pricing algorithms. The final chosen branch-and-price setup produces results that demonstrate the effectiveness of all components of the newly developed framework and the validity of our approach when applied to social network instances.
Using dried blood spot testing for diagnosing viral hepatitis
Authors: Jack Kathryn , Irving William Lucien
Published: November 2020

The target set by the World Health Organization to eliminate viral hepatitis as a public health problem by 2030 first requires methods of testing for hepatitis B and C virus that are acceptable to diverse populations. One such test is the dried blood spot sample method. This article explains what a dried blood spot sample is, how it is collected, and how it can help increase the viral hepatitis test uptake in prisons, drug and alcohol services, and other populations at risk of hepatitis B or C infection.
Should the RCN re-join the International Council of Nurses?
Authors: Glasper Alan
Published: November 2020

Emeritus Professor Alan Glasper, from the University of Southampton, discusses a new consultation by the Royal College of Nursing on whether the UK should re-join the International Council of Nurses
Supporting nurses' wellbeing
Authors: Foster Sam
Published: November 2020

Sam Foster, Chief Nurse, Oxford University Hospitals, looks at how nurse leaders can overcome problems and drive change so that nurses can flourish in the workplace
Assessment of wounds in adults
Authors: Mitchell Aby
Published: November 2020

Holistic wound assessment focusing on patients' physical and mental wellbeing is essential for effective wound treatment and management and ensuring quality patient care. Thorough, accurate and regular assessment can optimise wound healing and enhance patients' quality of life. This article discusses the stages of wound healing and some of the complications of wound healing, which inform an assessment.
The Effect of Using Digital Storytelling on Developing Active Listening and Creative Thinking Skills
Authors: Tabieh Ahmad A.S. , Al-Hileh Mohamed M. , Afifa Haya M. J. Abu , Abuzagha Hiba Yacoub
Published: November 2020

This study aims at investigating the impact of implementing digital storytelling as a method to be utilized to help pupils acquire active listening skills and creative thinking skills, including fluency, flexibility, and originality, in the Arabic language classes of the primary third grade. The sample consists of (200) pupils in a mixed-gender type and divides into two equal groups; one is the experimental group, and the other is the control one. Both groups expose to two posttests, the first test is a post active listening test and the second is a creative thinking test; the validity and reliability of these tests have assured. The results showed significant differences in (p ≤ 0.05) between means scores of the control and experimental groups students in the posttest of active listening skills in favor of the students who studied through storytelling. The results also showed that the storytelling strategy affected the experimental group students’ acquisition of one skill of the three creative thinking skills, which is fluency.
The effect of TNF-α on osteoblasts in metal wear-induced periprosthetic bone loss
Authors: Hameister Rita , Lohmann Christoph H. , Dheen S. Thameem , Singh Gurpal , Kaur Charanjit
Published: November 2020

Aims

This study aimed to examine the effects of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) on osteoblasts in metal wear-induced bone loss.

Methods

TNF-α immunoexpression was examined in periprosthetic tissues of patients with failed metal-on-metal hip arthroplasties and also in myeloid MM6 cells after treatment with cobalt ions. Viability and function of human osteoblast-like SaOs-2 cells treated with recombinant TNF-α were studied by immunofluorescence, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) assay, western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results

Macrophages, lymphocytes, and endothelial cells displayed strong TNF-α immunoexpression in periprosthetic tissues containing metal wear debris. Colocalization of TNF-α with the macrophage marker CD68 and the pan-T cell marker CD3 confirmed TNF-α expression in these cells. Cobalt-treated MM6 cells secreted more TNF-α than control cells, reflecting the role of metal wear products in activating the TNF-α pathway in the myeloid cells. While TNF-α did not alter the immunoexpression of the TNF-receptor 1 (TNF-R1) in SaOs-2 cells, it increased the release of the soluble TNF-receptor 1 (sTNF-R1). There was also evidence for TNF-α-induced apoptosis. TNF-α further elicited the expression of the endoplasmic reticulum stress markers inositol-requiring enzyme (IRE)-1α, binding-immunoglobulin protein (BiP), and endoplasmic oxidoreductin1 (Ero1)-Lα. In addition, TNF-α decreased pro-collagen I α 1 secretion without diminishing its synthesis. TNF-α also induced an inflammatory response in SaOs-2 cells, as evidenced by the release of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and the proinflammatory cytokine vascular endothelial growth factor.

Conclusion

The results suggest a novel osteoblastic mechanism, which could be mediated by TNF-α and may be involved in metal wear debris-induced periprosthetic bone loss. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2020;9(11):827–839.
Porcelain ethics: a critical linguistic analysis of the treatment of race in the National Association of Social Workers Code of Ethics
Authors: Gregory Joshua R.
Published: November 2020

The linguistic treatment of race – or lack thereof – in the National Association of Social Workers Code of Ethics upholds hegemonic whiteness, the cornerstone of racialisation and attendant ideological and material violence of myriad forms. The Code: endorses and deploys language that renders race an ahistorical, decontextual commodity to be possessed; forgoes rigorous engagement with defining race as a situated and historically harmful social construction; and narrates the prescription of ostensibly universalisable social work ethics from a position distinctly influenced by and beneficial to hegemonic whiteness. This article delineates these propensities evident in the language of the Code and recommends a shift by social work practitioners, educators, researchers and scholars towards racial ethics that resist closure, embrace unsettlement and validate incommensurability in an effort to subvert white hegemony and actualise more authentic and comprehensive racial justice.
Robust inverse design of all-dielectric metasurface transmission-mode color filters
Authors: Panda Soumyashree S. , Vyas Hardik S. , Hegde Ravi S.
Published: November 2020

The strong dispersion, ultra-thin form-factor and robustness to degradation make metasurfaces attractive for color filter applications. In particular, transmission-mode filters using silicon could potentially replace conventional color filter arrays in backside-illuminated CMOS image sensors and enable novel multispectral image sensors. We report a robust inverse-design methodology using polygon-shaped, particle and void, meta-atoms. We predict that silicon metasurface transmission-mode primary color (RGB) filters designed with this approach exhibit enhanced color gamut, color purity and intra-pixel color uniformity in comparison to previous reports. The proposed robust inverse design procedure employs multi-island Differential Evolution whose fitness evaluation step uses a statistical model of nanofabrication imperfections. The statistical model can closely recreate the shape variations observed in micrographs of silicon metasurfaces fabricated using electron-beam lithography and is useful in guiding the optimization process towards robust designs.
Dual-band perfect absorber for a mid-infrared photodetector based on a dielectric metal metasurface
Authors: Chen Zhao , Weng Yudong , Liu Junku , Guo Nan , Yu Yaolun , Xiao Lin
Published: November 2020

Mid-infrared thermal detectors have very important applications in the aerospace and military fields. However, due to the low heat transfer efficiency and slow response time, their application has been greatly restricted. Here, we theoretically demonstrate a dual-band perfect absorber for a mid-infrared detector based on a dielectric metal metasurface, and the optical and thermal properties are analyzed in detail. Simulation results show that the two narrow absorption peaks, corresponding to the absorption value of 97.5% at

λ
=
6.142
  
μm

with

λ

FWHM

≈
40
  
nm

and 99.7% at

λ
=
7.795
  
μm

with

λ

FWHM

≈
80
  
nm

, respectively, are achieved, and their different dependences on the structural parameters have been studied. A thermal detector at room temperature with total response time within 1.3 ms for dual-band and 0.4 ms for single-band is realized when the incident light flux is

1.0
  
W
/

cm

2

for an average temperature increase of

Δ
T
≈
1.0
  
K

. Our study offers a promising approach for designing a narrowband mid-infrared perfect absorber and a high-performance photodetector in nano-integrated photonics.
Twelve quick steps for genome assembly and annotation in the classroom
Authors: Jung Hyungtaek , Ventura Tomer , Chung J. Sook , Kim Woo-Jin , Nam Bo-Hye , Kong Hee Jeong , Kim Young-Ok , Jeon Min-Seung , Eyun Seong-il
Published: November 2020

Eukaryotic genome sequencing and de novo assembly, once the exclusive domain of well-funded international consortia, have become increasingly affordable, thus fitting the budgets of individual research groups. Third-generation long-read DNA sequencing technologies are increasingly used, providing extensive genomic toolkits that were once reserved for a few select model organisms. Generating high-quality genome assemblies and annotations for many aquatic species still presents significant challenges due to their large genome sizes, complexity, and high chromosome numbers. Indeed, selecting the most appropriate sequencing and software platforms and annotation pipelines for a new genome project can be daunting because tools often only work in limited contexts. In genomics, generating a high-quality genome assembly/annotation has become an indispensable tool for better understanding the biology of any species. Herein, we state 12 steps to help researchers get started in genome projects by presenting guidelines that are broadly applicable (to any species), sustainable over time, and cover all aspects of genome assembly and annotation projects from start to finish. We review some commonly used approaches, including practical methods to extract high-quality DNA and choices for the best sequencing platforms and library preparations. In addition, we discuss the range of potential bioinformatics pipelines, including structural and functional annotations (e.g., transposable elements and repetitive sequences). This paper also includes information on how to build a wide community for a genome project, the importance of data management, and how to make the data and results Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR) by submitting them to a public repository and sharing them with the research community.
New insights into the function of mammalian Argonaute2
Authors: Marzec Marek
Published: November 2020

Uncovering the mechanisms that recognise a microRNA (miRNA) target is 1 of the biggest challenges because the Ago–miRNA complex is able to overcome different derogations of complementarity when binding targets. However, the recently solved crystallographic structure of Argonaute2 (Ago2) and a high-throughput analysis that used repurposed sequencing techniques has brought us closer to achieving this goal.
Machine learning in predicting respiratory failure in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia—Challenges, strengths, and opportunities in a global health emergency
Authors: Ferrari Davide , Milic Jovana , Tonelli Roberto , Ghinelli Francesco , Meschiari Marianna , Volpi Sara , Faltoni Matteo , Franceschi Giacomo , Iadisernia Vittorio , Yaacoub Dina , Ciusa Giacomo , Bacca Erica , Rogati Carlotta , Tutone Marco , Burastero Giulia , Raimondi Alessandro , Menozzi Marianna , Franceschini Erica , Cuomo Gianluca , Corradi Luca , Orlando Gabriella , Santoro Antonella , Digaetano Margherita , Puzzolante Cinzia , Carli Federica , Borghi Vanni , Bedini Andrea , Fantini Riccardo , Tabbì Luca , Castaniere Ivana , Busani Stefano , Clini Enrico , Girardis Massimo , Sarti Mario , Cossarizza Andrea , Mussini Cristina , Mandreoli Federica , Missier Paolo , Guaraldi Giovanni
Published: November 2020

Aims

The aim of this study was to estimate a 48 hour prediction of moderate to severe respiratory failure, requiring mechanical ventilation, in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.

Methods

This was an observational prospective study that comprised consecutive patients with COVID-19 pneumonia admitted to hospital from 21 February to 6 April 2020. The patients’ medical history, demographic, epidemiologic and clinical data were collected in an electronic patient chart. The dataset was used to train predictive models using an established machine learning framework leveraging a hybrid approach where clinical expertise is applied alongside a data-driven analysis. The study outcome was the onset of moderate to severe respiratory failure defined as PaO2/FiO2 ratio <150 mmHg in at least one of two consecutive arterial blood gas analyses in the following 48 hours. Shapley Additive exPlanations values were used to quantify the positive or negative impact of each variable included in each model on the predicted outcome.

Results

A total of 198 patients contributed to generate 1068 usable observations which allowed to build 3 predictive models based respectively on 31-variables signs and symptoms, 39-variables laboratory biomarkers and 91-variables as a composition of the two. A fourth “boosted mixed model” included 20 variables was selected from the model 3, achieved the best predictive performance (AUC = 0.84) without worsening the FN rate. Its clinical performance was applied in a narrative case report as an example.

Conclusion

This study developed a machine model with 84% prediction accuracy, which is able to assist clinicians in decision making process and contribute to develop new analytics to improve care at high technology readiness levels.
Sample strategies for quantification of hepatic fat fraction mean MRI in healthy cats during body weight gain
Authors: Del Chicca Francesca , Richter Henning , Steger Gian-Luca , Salesov Elena , Reusch Claudia E. , Kircher Patrick R.
Published: November 2020

Hepatic fat fraction (HFF) can be non-invasively estimated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) multiple echo gradient recalled echo (GRE) sequence. The aim of this study was to test different methods of sampling strategies to quantify the HFF in healthy cats during body weight gain. Twelve healthy adult male cats were examined in a 3 Tesla MRI unit. Sequences included morphological images, and multiple echo GRE sequence. Cats were scanned at the beginning of the study and twice, each 20 weeks apart during body weight gain. HFF was calculated with 5 different methods of sampling on the multiple echo GRE sequence with different number, size and position of regions of interest (ROIs) and by 2 operators. Results indicated that HFF increased with increasing body weight, and the increase was appreciated with all the 5 methods. There was overall excellent agreement (interclass correlation coefficient = 0.820 (95% confidence interval:0.775–0.856)) between the 2 operators. HFF in the left lateral hepatic lobe was lower than in the other analyzed lobes. HFF measured on large free-hand drawn ROIs was higher than HFF measured with smaller ROIs size. This study proves that different sampling methods for quantification of HFF on multiple echo GRE sequence have overall excellent repeatability and ability to appreciate increased HFF.
High-dose naloxone: Effects by late administration on pain and hyperalgesia following a human heat injury model. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial with an enriched enrollment design
Authors: Springborg Anders Deichmann , Jensen Elisabeth Kjær , Kreilgaard Mads , Petersen Morten Aagaard , Papathanasiou Theodoros , Lund Trine Meldgaard , Taylor Bradley Kenneth , Werner Mads Utke
Published: November 2020

Severe chronic postsurgical pain has a prevalence of 4–10% in the surgical population. The underlying nociceptive mechanisms have not been well characterized. Following the late resolution phase of an inflammatory injury, high-dose μ-opioid-receptor inverse agonists reinstate hypersensitivity to nociceptive stimuli. This unmasking of latent pain sensitization has been a consistent finding in rodents while only observed in a limited number of human volunteers. Latent sensitization could be a potential triggering venue in chronic postsurgical pain. The objective of the present trial was in detail to examine the association between injury-induced secondary hyperalgesia and naloxone-induced unmasking of latent sensitization. Healthy volunteers (n = 80) received a cutaneous heat injury (47°C, 420 s, 12.5 cm2). Baseline secondary hyperalgesia areas were assessed 1 h post-injury. Utilizing an enriched enrollment design, subjects with a magnitude of secondary hyperalgesia areas in the upper quartile (‘high-sensitizers’ [n = 20]) and the lower quartile (‘low-sensitizers’ [n = 20]) were selected for further study. In four consecutive experimental sessions (Sessions 1 to 4), the subjects at two sessions (Sessions 1 and 3) received a cutaneous heat injury followed 168 h later (Sessions 2 and 4) by a three-step target-controlled intravenous infusion of naloxone (3.25 mg/kg), or normal saline. Assessments of secondary hyperalgesia areas were made immediately before and stepwise during the infusions. Simple univariate statistics revealed no significant differences in secondary hyperalgesia areas between naloxone and placebo treatments (P = 0.215), or between ‘high-sensitizers’ and ‘low-sensitizers’ (P = 0.757). In a mixed-effects model, secondary hyperalgesia areas were significantly larger following naloxone as compared to placebo for ‘high-sensitizers’ (P < 0.001), but not ‘low-sensitizers’ (P = 0.651). Although we could not unequivocally demonstrate naloxone-induced reinstatement of heat injury-induced hyperalgesia, further studies in clinical postsurgical pain models are warranted.
EZH2 is a negative prognostic biomarker associated with immunosuppression in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Guo Baoping , Tan Xiaohong , Cen Hong
Published: November 2020

The enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) plays a critical role in different components of anti-tumor immunity. However, the specific role of EZH2 in modulating MHC Class I antigen presentation and T cell infiltration have not been investigated in HCC. This study analyzed the expression and clinical significance of EZH2 in HCC. The EZH2 genetic alterations were identified using cBioPortal. The EZH2 mRNA and protein levels were found to be significantly higher in HCC than in adjacent normal liver tissues in multiple datasets from the GEO and TCGA databases. High expression of EZH2 was significantly correlated with poor overall survival, disease-specific survival, progression-free survival, and relapse-free survival in almost all patients with HCC. The gene set variance analysis (GSVA) showed that the expression of EZH2 is positively correlated with an immunosuppressive microenvironment and negatively correlated with major MHC class I antigen presentation molecules. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed that high EZH2 expression is positively associated with the MYC and glycolysis signaling pathway and negatively associated with the interferon-gamma signaling pathway in HCC tissues. These findings demonstrate that EZH2 is a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in HCC.
Az esés epidemiológiája, esésmegelőző stratégiát segítő és gátló tényezők a Csongrád megyei idősotthonokban
Authors: Boros Edit , Balogh Zoltán
Published: November 2020

Az idősotthonokban nagy kihívást jelent az időskorúak esésének megelőzése. Külföldi szakirodalmakban az esés gyakoriságát 50-70%-ra becsülik. Kutatásunk célja meghatározni az idősotthonokban az egészségügyi végzettségű ápolók számát, akik aktívan vesznek részt az esésmegelőzési stratégia kialakításában és végrehajtásában, továbbá feltérképezni a stratégiát segítő és gátló tényezőket. Kvalitatív vizsgálatunk során mélyinterjút folyattunk, félig strukturált kérdések mentén. A minta kiválasztására szakértői mintavételt alkalmaztunk. A vizsgálatban összesen 21 intézmény vett részt és az interjúalanyok a Csongrád megyei minta 26,5%-át adta. A vizsgált idősotthonokban átlagosan 25,35 idős lakó jut egy egészségügyi végzettségű személyre. Az esések gyakorisága átlagosan 30%-ra tehető az interjúk alapján, és 10%-ra az esések következtében kialakult szövődmények. Az esés kockázatának megítélésére objektív felmérő skálát nem alkalmaznak, nem vezetnek esésre vonatkozó statisztikát, továbbá protokoll sem található az intézményekben. Az esésmegelőző stratégia segítő és gátoló tényezői hat nagy területre rajzolódtak ki az interjúk során: lakók egészségi állapotának változása, személyzeti feltételek, biztonságos környezetet segítő intézeti infrastruktúra, ápolás segítő eszközök és tárgyi feltételek, továbbképzést és kommunikációt segítő stratégiák, a jogi szabályozás és protokollok megléte vagy hiánya. Az idősellátásban többnyire alacsony végzettségű ápolók/gondozók vesznek részt, ezért elengedhetetlenek látjuk az idősek ellátásában közreműködő ápolók ismereteinek és a gyakorlati készségeiknek a fejlesztését. Az interjúk során felfedeztünk számos jó gyakorlatot az esések megelőzéséért, szükségesnek látjuk azok megosztását egy közös platform segítségével. A minőségi vizsgálatunk messzemenő következtetéseket nem enged, ezért érdemesnek találjuk azt nagyobb elemszámú vizsgálatra kiterjeszteni.
DO PROCEDIMENTO DA EXECUÇÃO FISCAL: DA INAPLICABILIDADE DO INSTITUTO DA DESCONSIDERAÇÃO DA PERSONALIDADE JURÍDICA
Authors: Büttner Gabriela Zucatti
Published: November 2020

O presente artigo possui como objetivo a análise da não aplicação do incidente da desconsideração da personalidade jurídica no âmbito das ações de execução fiscal. Ainda, estudar-se-á a origem do incidente nos processos judiciais e a sua normatização pelo Código de Processo Civil de 2015. Demonstrar-se-á que as ações de execução fiscal possuem procedimento próprio ante a necessidade de celeridade de tramitação. Trata-se de um rito diferenciado em que é necessária a observância dos regramentos específicos da matéria. A agilidade na tramitação do procedimento fiscal é um dos principais motivos da não aplicação do incidente. Observa que se trata de cobranças de créditos públicos que visam a toda uma coletividade. No caso de existir a necessidade de quitação dos créditos de maneira satisfatória, haverá sim a desconsideração da personalidade jurídica. No presente artigo, demonstrar-se-á que a desconsideração ocorre dentro do próprio procedimento, tendo em vista a necessidade de celeridade e economia processual. Salienta-se que o procedimento resguarda os direitos e as garantias individuais e coletivas previstas na Constituição e no ordenamento brasileiro. Também, neste artigo, se demonstrará que a desconsideração da personalidade jurídica observa o contraditório e a ampla defesa dos sócios-administradores da pessoa jurídica executada.
O SENTIDO PRINCIPIOLÓGICO DO TERMO COOPERAÇÃO NO VIGENTE CÓDIGO DE PROCESSO CIVIL
Authors: Gonçalves Jéssica , Soares Luana , Machado Maykon Fagundes
Published: November 2020

O artigo discute o sentido jurídico e principiológico do termo cooperação processual no vigente Código de Processo Civil. Para tanto, analisará o Código de Processo Civil do ano de 2015, o qual confere ao magistrado o dever de orientar sua atuação como agente colaborador do processo. O princípio da cooperação processual encontra-se previsto no art. 6º do Código de Processo Civil e imputa a todos os sujeitos do processo, inclusive ao magistrado, o dever de cooperarem entre si para que se obtenha, em tempo razoável, a decisão de mérito justa e efetiva. Refere-se o termo cooperação tanto ao juiz quanto aos demais sujeitos do processo, mas o magistrado impõe um dever diferenciado, que é o dever de agir como participante ativo do contraditório para que haja celeridade e julgamento adequado. O princípio da cooperação processual reflete a democracia participativa também presente no interior do jogo do processo civil e o pleno e ativo exercício de cidadania.
Interacción entre la extensión y la investigación para el abordaje de los problemas productivos del complejo pesquero en Uruguay
Authors: Galli Oscar , Mendy Mariana , Norbis Walter
Published: November 2020

Este trabajo describe y analiza una experiencia de investigación y extensión con los trabajadores de la Intergremial Marítima de Uruguay, quienes cuestionaban la sustentabilidad del modelo de explotación pesquero industrial. Se emplearon técnicas cualitativas y cuantitativas de relevamiento y análisis de información y participación activa entre actores sociales (investigación participativa). Considerando el complejo pesquero como productivo, se describen los vínculos de los sindicatos con el equipo universitario interdisciplinario y, desde una perspectiva extensionista, la producción conjunta de conocimiento, la apropiación del mismo por los actores y el planteo de propuestas alternativas al modelo de explotación cuestionado. Se compatibilizaron los tiempos de investigación con las urgencias de los actores sociales que demandaron la intervención. A través de la identificación de problemas críticos, el proceso de extensión permitió establecer propuestas de cambio al modelo de explotación y el desafío de construir agenda de investigación a partir de la actividad de extensión.
Reinforcement of Quaternary Ammonium Modified Silica (QAMS) with Magnetite and its Application by Solid Phase Adsorption (SPA) to Adsorb Chromate Ions
Authors: Ngatijo Ngatijo , Bemis Restina , Aziz Abdul , Basuki Rahmat
Published: November 2020

Chromium (VI) in the form of chromate anions that have toxic properties needs to be overcome. This study aims to reinforce cationic sorbent quaternary amine-modified silica with magnetite (QAMS-Fe3O4) to adsorb chromate ions. QAMS prepared by reflux methylation ammine modified silica (AMS) obtained from destruction silicate from rice husk ash followed by the addition of 3-APTMS. Characterization QAMS-Fe3O4 by FT-IR showed successfully of methylation process indicated by disappearing absorbance at 1388 cm-1, and emerging absorbance at 2939 cm-1 in QAMS and QAMS-Fe3O4 indicated a transformation of N-H from -NH2 group to [-N+(CH3)3]. XRD analysis denotes 2θ = 30.15°, 35.53°, 43.12°, 57.22°, and 62.90° (JCPDS No. 00-033-0664) fathomed as a characteristic peak of magnetite. SEM-EDX reveals the homogenous topological spherical form with an average particle size 0.006 µm that is dominated by Si element (52.81%) with magnetic moment value = 34.1 emu/g. The stability test shows that this material stable in an acid condition. The adsorption of chromate ions was conducted by the SPA method. Optimal pH obtained by pH range 4-7 with more than 90% adsorbed chromate ions. Variation of increasing series flow rate from 0.05 to 1.5 mL min-1 resulted in decreased adsorbed chromate ions. The use of SPA methods offered simpler and easier handling than the batch method without overriding the adsorption process effectiveness.
ARCHEOLOGICZNE Ścieżki SEWERYNA TYMIENIECKIEGO – KWIATKÓW W BADANIACH ARCHIWALNYCH KALISKIEGO PRAWNIKA
Authors: Kot -Legieć Karolina
Published: November 2020

This article is meant to present and verify historical objects discovered in Kwiatków (Gaj) village by Seweryn Tymieniecki (1847-1916). These relics (related to the Lusatian and Przeworsk cultures) are a good pretext for presenting the lawyer from Kalisz who was also an avid fan of archaeology. On top of a collection of interesting artefacts, Tymieniecki described equally intriguing burial forms. He made a name for himself in literature on the subject owing to his activity in the field followed by numerous publications in which he presented the effects of his surveys in a professional and competent way. It took 130 years before Tymieniecki’s name appeared again in archaeological literature. However, this time it was an entirely different quality of research, with respect to the methodology as well as the results of the work.
The differential effect of perspective-taking ability on profiles of cooperative behaviours and learning outcomes
Authors: Mouw Jolien , Saab Nadira , Gijlers Hannie , Hickendorff Marian , Van Paridon Yolinde , Van Den Broek Paul
Published: November 2020

The present study aims to provide a systematic understanding of how perspective-taking ability contributes to primary-school students’ cooperative behaviours and learning outcomes. The present study is frontline as we combined person-oriented (e.g., describing patterns of behaviours based on individual characteristics), process-oriented (e.g., examining factors affecting the quality of cooperative behaviours), and effect-oriented (e.g., examining the effect of cooperative learning on individual learning outcomes) analytical approaches within one research framework. In addition, we adhered to the multi-dimensional nature of perspective-taking ability and differentiated between social and cognitive perspective-taking ability while taking into account the contribution of perspective-taking ability at both the individual level and group level (i.e., heterogeneous and homogeneous perspective-taking ability groups) to cooperative behaviour profiles and learning outcomes of primary-school children. Based on transcribed episodes of interaction of 115 fifth-grade students, four different profiles of cooperative behaviours were discerned: captains, hard workers, switchers, and passive participants. We found that these profiles are related to perspective taking conceptualized at the group level, but not to individual-level perspective-taking ability. Profile membership, cognitive perspective-taking ability, and group-level perspective-taking ability could not predict students’ learning outcomes. Social perspective-taking ability and reading comprehension did positively predict learning outcomes. Our findings add to existing knowledge as they suggest that the influence of perspective-taking ability on cooperative behaviours and learning outcomes is susceptible to the conceptualization (i.e., cognitive vs. social) and measurement level (i.e., individual vs. group level) of perspective-taking ability.
Hasimoto surfaces for two classes of curve evolution in Minkowski 3-space
Authors: Gürbüz Nevin , Yoon Dae Won
Published: November 2020

In this work, we study Hasimoto surfaces for the second and third classes of curve evolution corresponding to a Frenet frame in Minkowski 3-space. Later, we derive two formulas for the differentials of the second and third Hasimoto-like transformations associated with the repulsive-type nonlinear Schrödinger equation.
I Florensi nelle strutture politiche, religiose e socio-economiche della Calabria (XII–XIII sec.)
Authors: Salerno Mariarosaria
Published: November 2020

A specific area of north-eastern Calabria, between the Sila and the Ionian Sea, profoundly Greek and with a degree of stability from the Byzantine to the Norman era and even beyond, represents an ideal local area in which to document the development of the Florensian monastic organization, with its political, social and religious peculiarities. The interaction of Joachim of Fiore and his monks with the political and ecclesiastical authorities did not differ from those of other monastic institutions in the area. As regards the latter, the Cistercians in particular, despite the criticisms levelled by the abbot of Fiore, exhibited similar practical behaviour, both religious and economic, especially in the struggle for the demanium, and this sometimes led to conflict. Both „new“ orders, however, participated in the transition of the area towards the Latin reform.