bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel Assessment Method of the Critical Parameters for Brewing Yeast Formulation as a Nutraceutical in Animal Diets
Authors: Begea Mihaela , Barbulescu Iuliana Diana , Popa Lacramioara , Rusanescu Carmen Otilia , Albu Kaya Madalina Georgiana , Teodorescu Razvan Ionut , Marinescu Simona-Ioana , Frincu Mihai , Mihai Constanta , Ciric Alexandru Ionut , Avramescu Roxana Elena , Ghica Mihaela Violeta
Published: March 2020

Brewing yeast biomasses may be converted into valuable products, including supplements for ruminant diets. This paper presents experimental data on a nutraceutical suspension formulation containing post-fermentation brewing yeasts and the brewing yeast strain, Saccharomyces pastorianus ssp. carlsbergensis W34/70, which was intended to be administered to ruminants. The brewing yeast biomass is a component of oral suspensions designed as dietary supplements that prevent digestive acidosis in ruminants. The brewing yeast strain W34/70 was cultivated using molasses (M) and glucose (G) as carbon sources and was lyophilized at different freezing temperatures (0�C, �10�C, �20�C, �30�C, and �40�C). The post-fermentation brewing yeast biomass was spray dried (AAY) and lyophilized (ALY). Both dried yeast biomasses were analyzed in terms of wettability using a contact angle (CA�) evaluation at the solid/liquid interface. Suspensions were subsequently formulated and tested. Their physical and aggregative stability was established in connection with controlled sedimentation and flocculation. The assays were performed following quality by design (QbD) principles. The critical process parameters (CPPs) corresponding to the technological process of yeast production, as well as the critical quality attributes (CQAs) for suspension formulations, were pointed out as preamble determinants when designing oral nutraceuticals destined to be included in ruminant diets.
MLPA � first-tier Screening Assay in Newborns with Nonsyndromic Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Moldovan Elena , Moldovan Valeriu , Banescu Claudia , Puscasiu Lucian , Cucerea Manuela
Published: March 2020

Congenital heart disease(CHD) is the most frequent malformative pathology seen in newborns, with an incidence of 10/1000 births, and is considered a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. About one third of congenital heart disease cases are of genetic origin, particular copy number variations being described as possible nonsyndromic and syndromic congenital heart disease causes. Here, we set out to find whether the MLPA technique could be used as a first-tier screening assay in newborns with apparently nonsyndromic CHDs, and thus to genetically confirm the CHD diagnosis. The study cohort included 60 newborns diagnosed with apparently nonsyndromic congenital heart disease, recruited for a period of 18 months. MLPA analysis was performed using the SALSA MLPA P311 and P250 kits. 10 newborns (16.67%) showed known genetically relevant copy number variations, namely three patients with 22q11.21 deletion, that were diagnosed with DiGeorge syndrome, and seven patients with a probable single exon 8p23.1 duplication that will be subjected to further molecular testing, in order to correctly assess their diagnosis. We can conclude that the screening of patients with apparently nonsyndromic congenital heart disease may lead to their early and correct diagnosis, and thus them benefitting from the detection of clinically relevant copy number variations using the MLPA technique.
Preliminary Study on Scanning Electron Microscopy as an Additional Mean to Assess the Effectiveness of Sterilization of Endoscopes Used in Digestive Tract Examination
Authors: Bercean (Vitan) Delia Eugenia , Carpa Rahela , Prodan Doina , Moldovan Marioara , Borzan Cristina
Published: March 2020

Microbiological analyses are performed to check the quality of reprocessing procedures and represent a regular instrument of quality control in gastrointestinal endoscopy. They help detecting and redressing the possible flaws of the reprocessing procedure, thus preventing the transmission of germs through endoscopy. In this paper the effectiveness of sterilization is characterized and compared by scanning electron microscopy and by classical microbiological analyses, for three types of medical devices, with two sterilization methods. The high level manual sterilization method is superior to the automatic reprocessing sterilization method. The sterilization time is important because after changing the immersion in disinfectant period, from 15 minutes to 20 minutes, no more microbial forms were detected, neither at microbiological examination nor at SEM analysis.
Challenges of Valproate Treatment During Pregnancy: Pros and Cons
Authors: Arbune Anca-Adriana , Craiu Dana , Cuciureanu Iulian Dan , Iulian Constantin , Pavel Liliana Lacramioara , Berbece Ion Sorin , Grigore Camelia Ana , Dulamea Adriana
Published: March 2020

Valproic acid and its salt, sodium valproate, are an effective treatment for epilepsy, the most common chronic neurologic disorder worldwide. Teratogenic associations reported after embryofetal exposure has limited the recommendations of valproate use in women of childbearing age, after careful evaluation of the benefits and risks of this medication. The mechanisms of valproate damage during pregnancy are complex and incompletely clarified up to date. Maternal and fetal impact of valproate is a critical issue, standing at the base of the new consensus on practical guidelines for clinical use of antiepileptic treatment in fertile women.
Relevansi Kebijakan dalam Peningkatan Mutu Pendidikan Agama Islam
Authors: Asnawan Asnawan
Published: March 2020

Policies on improving the quality of PAI education through the use of informationand communication technology in education in the form of developing systems,methods and learning materials using ICT. This activity will also develop a schoolinformation network system, infrastructure and human resources to support itsimplementation, both in the interests of education management and the learningprocess. By using ICT in the education of students in regular schools, residentslearn in non-formal education and students who need the development of localexcellence-based schools in each district of the city; the expansion of educationunits based on local excellence by regional governments is carried out in order tocarry out the mandate of Law Number 20 of 2003 concerning the NationalEducation System which will be gradually developed in each provinceand district/city
Kvapniųjų gvazdikmedžių pumpurų (Syzygium aromaticum L.) ir visžalių kiparisų (Cupressus sempervirens L.) eterinių aliejų vartojimo savitumai
Authors: Stankūnienė Loreta
Published: March 2020

Medicinoje kvapniųjų gvazdikmedžių pumpurų eterinis aliejus (pranc. huile essentielle, HE, taip žymima recepte) plačiai ir labai seniai vartojamas dantų skausmui mažinti. Eugenolis (dažniau vartojamas sintetinis) mažina skausmą, slopindamas prostaglandinų sintezę per ciklooksigenazės ir lipooksigenazės inaktyvinimą [1]. Mažas medvilnės vatos gumulėlis suvilgomas neskiestu Syzygium aromaticum L. pumpurų HE ir tiksliai įvedamas į skaudamo ir giliai pažeisto danties ertmę nepaliečiant dantenų. Tamponėlį galima keisti kas 20 min., vėliau kas 2 val. [2].
教室で行われるテスト問題作成の秘訣 • Tips for Item Writing for Classroom-based Tests
Authors: Matsugu Sawako
Published: March 2020

本論では、教室で実施される客観テストに使用される問題の作成に必要な3つのステップを紹介する。具体的には、1. カリキュラム全体のゴールや学習行動目標の決定と構成概念の構築を含むテスト準備、2. テスト細目表の作成、3. 問題作成である。評価は授業と密接につながっており、授業は学習行動目標が反映されていなければならない。したがって、学習行動目標なしにテスト作成はできない。さらに、構成概念や授業で学習したユニットやトピックをバランスよく測定するにはテスト細目表が非常に便利である。テスト細目表とは、学習行動目標とトピック等の内容を二方向に1つの表にまとめたものである。最後に、テスト問題を作成するにあたって言語やフォーマット関連等の様々な注意点を紹介する。

This paper introduces three important steps for writing items in objective tests used in classroom-contexts; namely, preparing for the test, which includes writing course goals and objectives and defining the construct, making a table of specifications, and writing items. Because assessment is deeply intertwined with instruction, which reflects pre-determined course goals and objectives, tests cannot be developed without instructional goals and objectives. Furthermore, in order to assess constructs and units/topics covered in the class in a balanced manner, a table of specifications, which is a two-way chart that lists both the instructional objectives and test content, is an important tool. Finally, several tips for developing items are introduced.
Self-Regulatory Control and English Writing Proficiency Among Japanese University Students
Authors: Jackson Daniel
Published: March 2020

The present study aimed to examine the relationship between students’ self-regulatory capacity and their self-ratings of English writing proficiency. Self-regulatory capacity has been shown to be important to writing in a foreign language, but survey studies have yielded mixed results. The reliability of the self-regulation survey measure used here was established based on results from 56 first-year university English majors in Japan. Further results showed that ratings of self-regulatory capacity predicted self-assessments of EFL writing ability. It is hoped that these findings can contribute to classroom practices that foster learning to write in Japanese university settings.

本論の目的は、学生の英語ライティングにおける自己調整能力と、英語ライティングに関する自己評価との関係性を明らかにすることである。様々な研究で外国語ライティングにおける自己調整能力の重要性が示されてきたが、調査結果は必ずしも一様ではなかった。本調査を行うにあたり、アンケートの質問項目には信頼性のある基準を英米語学科に所属する1年生56名への予備調査により作成し、同じ学生らを被験者とした。その結果、ライティングの自己調整能力 に関する自己評価と、ライティング能力に関する自己評価との間に相関性が認められた。本論で導き出された結果が、今後の教育現
PROBLEMATIKA KONSEP BENTUK BUMI DAN UPAYA MENCARI TITIK TEMUNYA DALAM PENENTUAN ARAH KIBLAT
Authors: Akbar Reza , Mustaqim Riza Afrian
Published: March 2020

Salah satu isu sains yang sedang berkembang akhir-akhir ini adalah perdebatan antara penganut teori Bumi bulat (sferis dan ellipsoid) dan penganut teori Bumi datar (flat earth). Persoalan ini menjadi masalah yang sangat serius karena masing-masing pihak tidak hanya menunjukkan bukti ilmiah, tetapi juga menggunakan dalil al-Quran dan hadis untuk memperkuat argumentasi mereka. Dari segi sains, penganut Bumi datar memberikan argumentasi bantahan terhadap teori Bumi bulat seperti tidak terlihatnya lengkungan Bumi berdasarkan eksperimen Samuel Robotham, klaim yang menyatakan bahwa NASA merekayasa foto Bumi dan satelit adalah kebohongan semata, tidak adanya grafitasi, kutub utara merupakan pusat Bumi dan lain-lain. Sedangkan dari segi nash syar’i, para ahli tafsir pun berbeda pendapat tentang bagaimana bentuk Bumi sebenarnya. Apa yang dikemukakan oleh penganut flat earth pun selanjutnya ditanggapi oleh penganut Bumi bulat dengan sejumlah argumentasi ilmiahnya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan (library research) yang bertujuan mendeskrpsikan problematika teori Bumi bulat dan Bumi datar dan menjelaskan upaya mencari titik temunya dalam penentuan arah kiblat. Dari problematika tersebut, diajukanlah sebuah metode penentuan arah kiblat yang diduga bebas dari pengaruh bentuk Bumi, apakah datar atau bulat yaitu rashdul kiblat tahunan.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI REPOSITORY KARYA TULIS ILMIAH PADA STIKES CITRA HUSADA MANDIRI KUPANG
Authors: Kelen Laberto
Published: March 2020

Perpustakaan merupakan basis infomasi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan intelektualitas. Derasnya arus informasi dan perkembangan teknologi saat ini, mengharuskan perpustakaan meningkatan mutu dan kemudahan akses informasi. Digitalisasi perpustakaan merupakan kunci jawaban atas masalah fasilitas dan sarana. Perpustakaan terpadu STIKes Citra Husada Mandiri Kupang dalam perkembangannya sudah memulai penerapan digitalisasi. Untuk karya mahasiswa berupa karya tulis ilmiah belum secara keseluruhan di kelola secara digital, sehingga terjadi penumpukan berkas pada perpustakaan. Alokasi tempat yang dibutuhkan untuk menyimpan berkas karya tulis ilmiah mahasiswa menjadi lebih banyak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meranrancang bangun sistem informasi repository karya ilmiah. Sistem ini diciptakan berbasis web dengan framework codeigniter. Penerapan siRepo akan sangat membantu jika digunakan secara baik. Efek jangka panjang adalah pengarsipan digital dan bank data karya tulis ilmiah STIKes Citra Husada Mandiri Kupang.
ELIPSOIDINIŲ IR NORMALINIŲ AUKŠČIŲ SĄSAJA, TAIKANT KOLOKACIJOS METODĄ
Authors: Skeivalas Jonas , Stankevičius Žilvinas
Published: March 2020

Straipsnyje analizuojami normalinių aukščių prognozės modeliai, sudaryti kolokacijos metodu, įtraukiant GPS matavimais
nustatytus elipsoidinius aukščius. Prognozės modeliams sudaryti išvedamos lygčių sistemos, taikant atitinkamos eilės daugianarius. Optimalaus
prognozės modelio parametrų reikšmės gaunamos pagal statistinius elipsoidinių ir normalinių aukščių nuokrypius identiškuose taškuose, keičiant
daugianarių eilę ir elipsoidinių bei normalinių aukščių svorių matricos elementus. Pateikiamos formulės elipsoidinių aukščių klaidų įtakai
prognozės modelio parametrų bei normalinių aukščių tikslumui įvertinti.
Cloud Atlas: High-precision HST/WFC3/IR Time-resolved Observations of Directly Imaged Exoplanet HD 106906b
Authors: Zhou Yifan , Apai Dániel , Bedin Luigi R. , Lew Ben W. P. , Schneider Glenn , Burgasser Adam J. , Manjavacas Elena , Karalidi Theodora , Metchev Stanimir , Miles-Páez Paulo A. , Cowan Nicolas B. , Lowrance Patrick J. , Radigan Jacqueline
Published: March 2020

HD 106906b is an

, ∼15 Myr old directly imaged exoplanet orbiting at an extremely large distance from its host star. The wide separation (7.″11) between HD 106906b and its host star greatly reduces the difficulty in direct-imaging observations, making it one of the most favorable directly imaged exoplanets for detailed characterization. In this paper, we present HST/WFC3/IR time-resolved observations of HD 106906b in the F127M, F139M, and F153M bands. We have achieved ∼1% precision in the lightcurves in all three bands. The F127M lightcurve demonstrates marginally detectable (2.7σ significance) variability with a best-fitting period of 4 hr, while the lightcurves in the other two bands are consistent with flat lines. We construct primary-subtracted deep images and use these images to exclude additional companions to HD 106906 that are more massive than 4

and locate at projected distances of more than ∼500 au. We measure the astrometry of HD 106906b in two HST/WFC3 epochs and achieve precisions better than 2.5 mas. The position angle and separation measurements do not deviate from those in the 2004 HST/ACS/HRC images for more than 1σ uncertainty. We provide the HST/WFC3 astrometric results for 25 background stars that can be used as reference sources in future precision astrometry studies. Our observations also provide the first 1.4 μm water band photometric measurement for HD 106906b. HD 106906b’s spectral energy distribution and the best-fitting BT-Settl model have an inconsistency in the 1.4 μm water absorption band, which highlights the challenges in modeling atmospheres of young planetary-mass objects.
A Multifrequency ALMA Characterization of Substructures in the GM Aur Protoplanetary Disk
Authors: Huang Jane , Andrews Sean M. , Dullemond Cornelis P. , Öberg Karin I. , Qi Chunhua , Zhu Zhaohuan , Birnstiel Tilman , Carpenter John M. , Isella Andrea , Macías Enrique , McClure Melissa K. , Pérez Laura M. , Teague Richard , Wilner David J. , Zhang Shangjia
Published: March 2020

The protoplanetary disk around the T Tauri star GM Aur was one of the first hypothesized to be in the midst of being cleared out by a forming planet. As a result, GM Aur has had an outsized influence on our understanding of disk structure and evolution. We present 1.1 and 2.1 mm ALMA continuum observations of the GM Aur disk at a resolution of ∼50 mas (∼8 au), as well as HCO+
J = 3 − 2 observations at a resolution of ∼100 mas. The dust continuum shows at least three rings atop faint, extended emission. Unresolved emission is detected at the center of the disk cavity at both wavelengths, likely due to a combination of dust and free–free emission. Compared to the 1.1 mm image, the 2.1 mm image shows a more pronounced “shoulder” near R ∼ 40 au, highlighting the utility of longer-wavelength observations for characterizing disk substructures. The spectral index α features strong radial variations, with minima near the emission peaks and maxima near the gaps. While low spectral indices have often been ascribed to grain growth and dust trapping, the optical depth of GM Aur’s inner two emission rings renders their dust properties ambiguous. The gaps and outer disk (R > 100 au) are optically thin at both wavelengths. Meanwhile, the HCO+ emission indicates that the gas cavity is more compact than the dust cavity traced by the millimeter continuum, similar to other disks traditionally classified as “transitional.”
The First Ultracompact Roche Lobe–Filling Hot Subdwarf Binary
Authors: Kupfer Thomas , Bauer Evan B. , Marsh Thomas R. , Roestel Jan van , Bellm Eric C. , Burdge Kevin B. , Coughlin Michael W. , Fuller Jim , Hermes JJ , Bildsten Lars , Kulkarni Shrinivas R. , Prince Thomas A. , Szkody Paula , Dhillon Vik S. , Murawski Gabriel , Burruss Rick , Dekany Richard , Delacroix Alex , Drake Andrew J. , Duev Dmitry A. , Feeney Michael , Graham Matthew J. , Kaplan David L. , Laher Russ R. , Littlefair S. P. , Masci Frank J. , Riddle Reed , Rusholme Ben , Serabyn Eugene , Smith Roger M. , Shupe David L. , Soumagnac Maayane T.
Published: March 2020

We report the discovery of the first short-period binary in which a hot subdwarf star (sdOB) filled its Roche lobe and started mass transfer to its companion. The object was discovered as part of a dedicated high-cadence survey of the Galactic plane named the Zwicky Transient Facility and exhibits a period of P = 39.3401(1) minutes, making it the most compact hot subdwarf binary currently known. Spectroscopic observations are consistent with an intermediate He-sdOB star with an effective temperature of

 = 42,400 ± 300 K and a surface gravity of

 = 5.77 ± 0.05. A high signal-to-noise ratio GTC+HiPERCAM light curve is dominated by the ellipsoidal deformation of the sdOB star and an eclipse of the sdOB by an accretion disk. We infer a low-mass hot subdwarf donor with a mass M
sdOB = 0.337 ± 0.015

and a white dwarf accretor with a mass M
WD = 0.545 ± 0.020

. Theoretical binary modeling indicates the hot subdwarf formed during a common envelope phase when a 2.5–2.8

star lost its envelope when crossing the Hertzsprung gap. To match its current

,

,

, and masses, we estimate a post–common envelope period of

 ≈ 150 minutes and find that the sdOB star is currently undergoing hydrogen shell burning. We estimate that the hot subdwarf will become a white dwarf with a thick helium layer of ≈0.1

, merge with its carbon/oxygen white dwarf companion after ≈17 Myr, and presumably explode as a thermonuclear supernova or form an R CrB star.
Excess C/H in Protoplanetary Disk Gas from Icy Pebble Drift Across the CO Snowline
Authors: Zhang Ke , Bosman Arthur D. , Bergin Edwin A.
Published: March 2020

The atmospheric composition of giant planets carries the information of their formation history. Superstellar C/H ratios are seen in atmospheres of Jupiter, Saturn, and various giant exoplanets. Also, giant exoplanets show a wide range of C/O ratio. To explain these ratios, one hypothesis is that protoplanets accrete carbon-enriched gas when a large number of icy pebbles drift across the CO snowline. Here we report the first direct evidence of an elevated C/H ratio in disk gas. We use two thermo-chemical codes to model the 13C18O, C17O, and C18O (2−1) line spectra of the HD 163296 disk. We show that the gas inside the CO snowline (∼70 au) has a C/H ratio that is 1–2 times higher than the stellar value. This ratio exceeds the expected value substantially, as only 25%–60% of the carbon should be in gas at these radii. Although we cannot rule out the case of a normal C/H ratio inside 70 au, the most probable solution is an elevated C/H ratio that is 2–8 times higher than the expectation. Our model also shows that the gas outside 70 au has a C/H ratio that is 0.1× the stellar value. This picture of enriched C/H gas at the inner region and depleted gas at the outer region is consistent with numerical simulations of icy pebble growth and drift in protoplanetary disks. Our results demonstrate that the large-scale drift of icy pebble can occur in disks and may significantly change the disk gas composition for planet formation.
Rapid Evolution of Volatile CO from the Protostellar Disk Stage to the Protoplanetary Disk Stage
Authors: Zhang Ke , Schwarz Kamber R. , Bergin Edwin A.
Published: March 2020

Recent observations show that the CO gas abundance, relative to H2, in many 1–10 Myr old protoplanetary disks may be heavily depleted by a factor of 10–100 compared to the canonical interstellar medium (ISM) value of 10−4. When and how this depletion happens can significantly affect compositions of planetesimals and atmospheres of giant planets. It is therefore important to constrain whether the depletion occurs already at the earliest protostellar disk stage. Here we present spatially resolved observations of C18O, C17O, and 13C18O J = 2−1 lines in three protostellar disks. We show that the C18O line emits from both the disk and the inner envelope, while C17O and 13C18O lines are consistent with a disk origin. The line ratios indicate that both C18O and C17O lines are optically thick in the disk region, and only the 13C18O line is optically thin. The line profiles of the 13C18O emissions are best reproduced by Keplerian gaseous disks at similar sizes as their mm-continuum emissions, suggesting small radial separations between the gas and mm-sized grains in these disks, in contrast to the large separation commonly seen in protoplanetary disks. Assuming a gas-to-dust ratio of 100, we find that the CO gas abundances in these protostellar disks are consistent with the ISM abundance within a factor of 2, nearly one order of magnitude higher than the average value of 1–10 Myr old disks. These results suggest that there is a fast, ∼1 Myr, evolution of the abundance of CO gas from the protostellar disk stage to the protoplanetary disk stage.
La loi du 23 mars 2019 : le rendement procédural au détriment des droits du suspect
Authors: Luciani-Mien Dominique
Published: March 2020

La loi du 23 mars 2019 (loi n° 2019-222 de programmation et de réforme pour la justice 2018-2022) a profondément transformé les dispositions de procédure pénale en France. Son but affiché d'efficacité des enquêtes et des instructions passe par une simplification de certaines règles et consacre l'essor d'une procédure pénale dématérialisée. Les enquêtes de police ont vu leur domaine étendu sous le contrôle du procureur de la République, qui joue un rôle majeur tant dans la direction de ces enquêtes que dans l'orientation du dossier de la procédure. Il dispose de nouvelles possibilités d'orientation, et ce afin d'accélérer le jugement des affaires et de désencombrer les audiences pénales. Mais cette réforme attendue ne s'est pas accompagnée d'un accroissement des droits de la défense aux différentes étapes de la procédure (enquête de police, mais également jugement) ce que l'on peut déplorer notamment eu égard aux exigences conventionnelles auxquelles la France est tenue.
Le symptôme en acte
Authors: Kaltenbeck Franz
Published: March 2020

En 1936, Samuel Beckett se rend à Brunswick pour voir l’ Autoportrait de Giorgione. Il admire ce tableau et partage l’angoisse de la figure qui le regarde. Aussitôt, son symptôme est mobilisé, plus tard, sa création. Cet article révèle, grâce aux schémas optiques de Lacan, l’effet de l’art de Giorgione sur l’auteur irlandais, et montre que l’expérience de Brunswick s’est répercutée dix ans plus tard quand Beckett a écrit sa nouvelle « Le Calmant ».
« On dirait un môme »
Authors: Kaltenbeck Franz
Published: March 2020

L’enfant n’est pas seulement le pôle d’attentes ou le support narcissique de ses parents, ce « revenant » qui leur permet d’accéder à l’immortalité, selon Freud. Pour les grands dramaturges, il est aussi celui qui révèle le destin (Shakespeare, Macbeth ), un messager d’une rencontre manquée (Beckett, En attendant Godot ) ou le signifiant forclos de la vie (Beckett, Fin de partie ). Dans le réel cru, il peut aussi devenir la victime d’un meurtre oubliée par toute la société. Nous consacrerons notre article à ces fonctions dramatiques et trop réelles de l’enfant, peu abordées par la psychanalyse.
À partir de Louis-René des Forêts et Samuel Beckett, écrits de vieillesse et vieillesses écrites
Authors: Kaltenbeck Franz
Published: March 2020

Dans la description poétique de la vieillesse et de la mort, l’écrivain fait l’expérience de l’impossible à dire et donc du réel. L’acte d’écrire constitue une sublimation, au sens lacanien, de l’échéance tragique. L’assomption de la mort se déroule lors de la création d’une littérature crépusculaire. Or cette création résulte d’une lutte. En effet, écrire sur la vieillesse ou pendant la vieillesse nécessite de se confronter à la mort que d’aucuns refoulent. Louis-René des Forêts, dans ses textes autobiographiques Ostinato (1972) et Pas à pas jusqu’au dernier (2000), écrit ses ultimes moments de vie alors que ses doigts se paralysent. Dans le dramaticule  Solo (1977), Samuel Beckett noue la naissance à la mort et à la lettre. Les écrits des deux auteurs constituent une lutte face à la mort pour en cerner l’intransmissible.
Mobile Learning Applications for Android und iOS for German Language Acquisition Based on Learning Analytics Measurements
Authors: Friedl Markus , Ebner Markus , Ebner Martin
Published: March 2020

The use of digital media is increasingly being promoted in school teaching. Since this aspect changes the interaction between teachers and pupils, this research is concerned with the development of a prototype of a mobile application for Android and iOS, in which different learning applications for language acquisition are offered on the basis of learning analytical measurements provided by experts in the field. By logging and collecting interactions of the user, it is possible to create a variety of statistical evaluations and thus respond to the needs and weaknesses of students. For the evaluation of the application, a user experience test was carried out, whereby the child-friendly operation of the application was tested. Due to the very positive feedback, the design was found to be good and can therefore be further developed.
Lecture de textes philosophiques en langue tibétaine
Authors: Arguillère Stéphane
Published: March 2020

Les conférences de l’année 2006-2007 ont été consacrées au grand réformateur de la religion Bon, mNyam-med  Shes-rab rgyal-mtshan (1356-1415), en rapport avec mon article des Acta Orientalia (2006 : 67, p. 243-323) : « mNyam-med Shes-rab rgyal-mtshan et la scolastique bon au tournant du xive et du xve siècles ». L’année s’est partagée entre une présentation de la vie de l’auteur et une discussion du premier chapitre de l’auto-commentaire de sa Prodigieuse lampe des Terres et des voies (Sa lam ’phrul sgron).
Archéologie religieuse de l’Inde : monuments, textes, images
Authors: Schmid Charlotte
Published: March 2020

Programme de l’année 2006-2007 : Atikāl Kantan Mārampāvai à Tiruchennampunti, aux friches de l’art chola
La philosophie religieuse des théoriciens bouddhistes de la connaissance
Authors: Eltschinger Vincent
Published: March 2020

Programme de l’année 2006-2007 : Le programme et les arrière‑plans religieux de l’école logico‑épistémologique bouddhique
Études sur le marranisme ibéro-américain
Authors: Escobar Quevedo Ricardo
Published: March 2020

Programme de l’année 2006-2007 : Inquisition et judaïsants en Europe et dans l’Amérique espagnole
Histoire des idées religieuses et scientifiques dans l’Europe moderne
Authors: Armogathe Jean-Robert
Published: March 2020

Programme de l’année 2006-2007 : I. Contribution au concept de nature à l’époque moderne — II. Franciscus Gomarus (1563‑1641) et la controverse arminienne
Anthropologie religieuse de l’Orient musulman médiéval
Authors: Aigle Denise
Published: March 2020

Programme de l’année 2006-2007 : I. Le rôle des arguments religieux dans les correspondances diplomatiques : Mongols, Occident latin et Mamelouks (xiiie‑xive siècles) — II. Les communautés musulmanes et chrétiennes à l’époque mongole à travers les chroniques en arabe et en syriaque de Barhebraeus, patriarche des chrétiens jacobites orientaux (xiiie‑xive siècles)
Religions préislamiques d’Arabie
Authors: Roche Marie-Jeanne
Published: March 2020

Programme de l’année 2005-2006 : Cultes à Pétra : les sanctuaires rupestres — Programme de l’année 2006-2007 : Introduction aux religions préislamiques d’Arabie du Nord : les éléments du culte
Ésotérisme shiʿite et philosophie aux ixe et xe siècles
Authors: De Smet Daniel
Published: March 2020

Programme de l’année 2006-2007 : I. L’ismaélisme, une tradition shiʿite à faces multiples — II. L’orgueil du Démiurge et la dégradation de l’Intellect. Relecture philosophique d’un mythe gnostique — III. Vers une herméneutique comparée Coran-Bible : éléments d’exégèse ismaélienne — IV. Une lecture du Coran sous la conduite de Platon et d’Aristote
Autophagic Dysfunction in Neurodegeneration
Authors: Kaira Meenakshi , Ahlawat Abhilasha , Walia Vaibhav , Garg Munish
Published: March 2020

Autophagy is a normal physiological process characterized by the degradation of complex cellular contents into a simpler one and reutilized them in biosynthetic pathways. Lysosomes are the cell organelle that participates in the process of autophagy. The brain is the most vulnerable organ in most lysosome disorders because neurons are inefficient in removing impaired organelles and waste materials. In the brain, autophagy suppresses the accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins that results in further damage to the neurons responsible for neurodegeneration. Autophagy mediates protective effects in age-related diseases. In the chapter, the authors describe the process of autophagy, the mechanism involved, and the implication of the autophagic pathways in the various neurodegenerative disorders.
Microglial Mitophagy and Neurodegenerative Disorders
Authors: Oyindamola Eyitayo Adeyemi , Agyemang Maxwell Kwadwo , Owusu-Sarfo Joseph , Yeboah Oduro Kofi , Osafo Newman
Published: March 2020

Microglia are important in the regulation of the inflammatory response in regulating the release of proinflammatory mediators in the brain. Through their phagocytic actions, microglia are significant in the CNS when it comes to the body's response to physiological insults by promoting repair of impaired brain function. They do so by engulfing and degrading microbes as well as brain-derived debris and proteins such as myelin and axonal fragments, amyloid-beta, and apoptotic cells. This mitophagic activity of microglia is of importance in neurodegeneration. In most neurodegenerative disorders, mitophagy is impaired with resultant accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria as well as processes such as lysosomal fusion and autophagosomes. In Parkinson's and Alzheimer's for example, impaired mitophagy accounts for the build-up of α-synuclein and amyloid respectively in affected individuals. The chapter discusses extensively the link between microglia mitophagy and neurodegeration and how dysfunctional mitophagy increases the likelihood of their occurrence.
Cellular Cysteine Network and Neurodegeneration
Authors: Pawar Shubhangi H. , Gulecha Vishal S. , Mahajan Manoj S. , Upaganiawar Aman B , Upasani Chandrashekhar D.
Published: March 2020

Oxidative stress is strongly linked to neurodegeneration and oxidative species can modify many amino acids and proteins in the brain. Cysteine amino acid is most susceptible to oxidative post-translational modifications (PTMs). Reversible or irreversible cysteine PTMs can cause dyshomeostasis, which further continued to cellular damage. Many cysteine dependent proteins and many non-proteins using cysteine as their structural components are affected by oxidative stress. Several cysteine dependent enzymes are acting as antioxidants. Cysteine is a major contributor to glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) synthesis. Cysteine precursor N-acetylcysteine (NAC) supplementation is proven as a potent free radical scavenger and increase brain antioxidants and subsequently potentiates the natural antioxidant cellular defense mechanism. Thus, in this chapter, the authors explore the linkage of cellular cysteine networks and neurodegenerative disorders.
A Mapping of Knowledge Management Techniques and Tools for Sustainable Growth in the Public Sector
Authors: Tsironis Loukas K. , Tarnanidis Theodore
Published: March 2020

This chapter seeks to determine the criteria that lead to the excellence of knowledge management in the public sector. The authors discuss issues of what exactly knowledge means and how knowledge management is defined, how an organization will capture, preserve, and diffuse knowledge, and why knowledge management is ultimately important for predictable future developments. Knowledge management is considered a prerequisite for achieving innovation and competitiveness both within and outside the organization as it promotes the consolidation of an organization in the long term with a clear focus on strategic importance. Likewise, knowledge management programs can be applied to different areas of an organization in the public sector. However, it should be mentioned that the difficulties that arise in their implementation are many, as various concerns arise, which are directly related to the equal mappings of knowledge and its measurement.
Communication Barriers and Social Capital
Authors: Katsanika Effimia , Gotzamani Katerina
Published: March 2020

The aim of this chapter is to explore ways in which the flows of information and knowledge within public services are affected by social capital. Drawing on communication and social capital theory and making use of network analysis tools, a regional department of a Greek social security entity served as a case study to assess the contribution of social capital to overcoming barriers to effective communication among public sector employees. Structural, relational, and cognitive social capital at a personal level were found to alleviate problems of accessibility as well as problems related to the control of the flow of information by gatekeepers, arbitrarily abridging, or distorting messages. Building new communication channels through personal initiative, establishing and maintaining good relationships among employees, and developing shared perceptions about communication and information sharing are facets of social capital that seem to ensure a more effective knowledge and information flow.
Methods of Published Articles on Overtourism
Authors: Barbieri da Rosa Luciana Aparecida , Martins-Rodrigues Maria Carolina , Pentiado Godoy Tais , Damke Luana Inês , Gomes Clandia Maffini
Published: March 2020

Studies on overtourism have been growing in the last decade. This article aims to understand the characteristics of the international scientific literature that links the theme Smart Cities in the Web of Science and Scopus databases, from 1998 to 2018. The established methodology was a bibliometric survey. The sample was composed of 24 articles selected in WOS and Scopus. The survey results show that the year with the most publications was 2018. The most relevant article is: “Understanding and overcoming the negative impacts of tourism in city destinations: a conceptual model and strategic framework” by A. Postma, & D. Schmuecker, published in the Journal of Tourism Futures in 2017 with 10 citations. Thus, future studies should expand the search for articles on the topics in other bases as well as national and international scientific events.
Beyond Tourismphobia
Authors: Mantecón Alejandro , Velasco María
Published: March 2020

This chapter discusses the factors that have led to the emergence of expressions of criticism toward tourism. This review serves to frame the original contribution of this text: a theoretical model that clarifies the defining features of the main attitudes towards tourism. Merton's model is here adjusted for the analysis of a new relationship between social ends and economic means. In this case, the end is economic progress. The way is the tourism, conceived as a massive social phenomenon. The relation between goals and means generates tensions. Its management derives in strategies of adaptation that include different ways of identification or discussion. The five types of adaptation of the new model are useful for addressing subject positions, political discourses, or attitudinal dispositions towards tourism. To illustrate this typology a purposive sampling of news on the tourismphobia has been selected, with no statistical generalization reflecting the constituent elements of each of the types: legitimization, innovative criticism, resignation, radical criticism, and subversive utopia.
Lisbon Historic Quarters
Authors: Henriques Cláudia Helena
Published: March 2020

This chapter contributes to the emergent debate about sustainable tourism versus overtourism, in the context of urban development. The study underlines, on one hand, the growing importance of tourism in the historic quarters of Lisbon, and on the other hand the rise of overtourism and its effects on residents' quality of life. Consequently, there is the analysis and debate regarding the policies responses of the Lisbon Council in the framework of an integrated urban rehabilitation in Lisbon's historic quarters and the Lisbon Council Strategy.
Perceived Impacts of Running Events in Protected Areas
Authors: Silva Goretti , Correia Alexandra I. , Vieira Elvira , Soares Luís André
Published: March 2020

This chapter reflects upon the reality associated with running sports events in protected areas, in particular at the Peneda Gerês National Park (PNPG), with a particular focus on the Trans Peneda-Gerês (TPG), and understands its impacts within a sustainable tourism development perspective. With the diversity of landscapes and natural resources, and its characteristic villages, PNPG, as many other protected areas in Portugal, has a strong potential for Outdoor Sports/Tourism, offering some of Portugal's best running trails. As such, a considerable number of running events are currently being hosted. Based on a research process which includes both questionnaires and interviews, the authors propose to identify the profile and behavior of 2019 TPG edition's participants, and to assess local stakeholders' perception of economic, environmental, and social impacts, and to contribute to the discussion from a sustainable development perspective of the creation and management of tourism-related sports events, namely running, in protected areas.
The Impact of USD-TRY Forex Rate Volatility on Imports to Turkey from Central Asia
Authors: Ari Yakup
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this study is to put out the impact of volatility of the USD-TRY forex rate on imports to Turkey from Central Asia. The volatility of the USD/TRY exchange rate is analysed with a conditional variance model which is Generalised Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic (GARCH) model and its extensions. The other section of the methodology is an application of Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds test which is an efficient approach to determine the cointegration, long-term and short-term relations between macroeconomic variables. The exponential GARCH volatility of the exchange rate and the monthly trade data between the years 2005 and 2018 are used in the ARDL bounds test.
Nation and Regional Branding of Central Asia
Authors: Pesakovic Gordana
Published: March 2020

Central Asia is defined by its history and geography, by its people and cultures, and by geopolitics and geo-economics. Therefore, analyzing a country in the region, past, present, and future should incorporate all these elements. The purpose of this chapter is to present the development of nation branding in three countries: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan. The chapter starts with the theory of nation branding. The particularity of the Central Asia as a region and three selected countries follow. Global ranking based on different indices is presented. In the fourth section, the nation branding of each country is addressed. The fifth section highlights lessons learned from the Borat case on nation branding in Kazakhstan but relevant for other countries in the region as well. The chapter ends with the section on branding the region as a whole.
A Temporal and Situational Approach in Tourism Education as a Mechanism for Economic Growth and Development
Authors: Cruz Barba Evangelina
Published: March 2020

The argument of this chapter is that tourism education can generate a positive impact on the economic growth of a country by fostering a link between education and work, including economic development. A review of the literature based on the use of bibliometric techniques is performed, but quantification of the work is not conducted; however, Web of Science and Scopus, among other databases, are consulted in relation to economic growth, economic development, human capital and tourism education. All this around the theoretical economic and sociological framework that sustains this work.
Fiscal Decentralization at Local Government of Ethiopia
Authors: Mekonnen Getachew Alebachew , Kassie Walelign Awoke
Published: March 2020

In the last quarter century, many countries have engaged in the process of decentralization by transferring the responsibilities of the state to lower tiers of government. The major purpose of this study was to explore the practice of fiscal decentralization at the local government of governments of Ethiopia, with a special emphasis on the Awi Nationality Administration Zone in light of legal frameworks and some theories of fiscal decentralization. The study mainly employed a qualitative research approach to illustrate the theory and the practice of fiscal decentralization in the sub-regional level of governments in ANRS with special emphasis on the Awi Nationality Administration Zone. The finding showed that both the legal frameworks and practice indicate that the means of revenue-raising power is relatively decentralized in the city administration as well as woredas level. Another finding showed that aggregate revenue-raising capacity of different levels of government in the zone fails to match their expenditure responsibilities which result in vertical fiscal imbalance.
Are Top Private Banks Digging the Invisible Holes in the Balance Sheet?
Authors: Gurjar Hariom , Tripathi Akhilesh , Mathur Neha , Saraswat Yamini
Published: March 2020

Off-balance-sheet activity played a vital role in helping banks limit long-term financial resources in the balance sheet report and increase the bank's profitability worldwide. The authors explored the determinates of OBS items with banking and economic factors influencing off-balance items in the measurement of banks' output of selected large banks in India for the duration of 2008 to 2017. This study used a multiple regression model to describe the logical connection between the role of OBS and its various determinants like bank size, CRAR loan SLR, NNPA, NIM, ROA, GDP, inflation for the said period. This study found that bank size and NIM were positively affected the OBS activities, whereas CRAR and loan negatively affected the OBSA of selected private sector banks.
Advent of IND-AS 103 and Its impact on Mergers and Acquisitions
Authors: Tandon Deepak , Tripathy Naliniprava , Tandon Neelam
Published: March 2020

In the business growth models in the corporate scenario, mergers and acquisitions is the key buzzword. Entrepreneurs with a paucity of cash balance and various motives for their poor performance are key targets of mergers. Consolidation of the market share at times leading to competitive advantage with inorganic opportunities to growth seems to be the pace of the era. When it comes to financial consolidation, balance sheet analysis plays a complicated role. In order to improve reliability, relevance in business combinations, IND-AS103 plays a vital role. IND-AS is applicable to the companies with a net worth of Rs 250 Crs, otherwise companies GAAP is applicable. An attempt has been made by the authors through the Idea and Vodafone merger explaining the recognition of identifiable assets, liabilities assumed, and the NCI (non-controlling interest) as per the guidelines of IND-AS103. Through a case, the authors have emphasized the recognition of goodwill acquired in the entrepreneurial enterprise derived from the bargain price.
A Hybrid Connectionist/ Substitution Approach for Data Encryption
Authors: Abu Zitar Raed , Al-Muhammed Muhammed Jassem
Published: March 2020

The authors believe that the hybridization of two different approaches results in more complex encryption outcomes. The proposed method combines a symbolic approach, which is a table substitution method, with another paradigm that models real-life neurons (connectionist approach). This hybrid model is compact, nonlinear, and parallel. The neural network approach focuses on generating keys (weights) based on a feedforward neural network architecture that works as a mirror. The weights are used as an input for the substitution method. The hybrid model is verified and validated as a successful encryption method.
Composite Discrete Logarithm Problem and a Reconstituted ElGamal Cryptosystem Based on the Problem
Authors: Özyılmaz Çağla , Nallı Ayşe
Published: March 2020

In this chapter, the authors have defined a new ElGamal cryptosystem by using the power Fibonacci sequence module m. Then they have defined a new sequence module m and the other ElGamal cryptosystem by using the new sequence. In addition, they have compared that the new ElGamal cryptosystems and ElGamal cryptosystem in terms of cryptography. Then the authors have defined the third ElGamal cryptosystem. They have, particularly, called the new system as composite ElGamal cryptosystem. The authors made an application of composite ElGamal cryptosystem. Finally, the authors have compared that composite ElGamal cryptosystem and ElGamal cryptosystem in terms of cryptography and they have obtained that composite ElGamal cryptosystem is more advantageous than ElGamal cryptosystem.
Characteristic Analysis of Side Channel Attacks and Various Power Analysis Attack Techniques
Authors: Kaur Shaminder , Singh Balwinder , Kaur Harsimran Jit
Published: March 2020

Embedded systems have a plethora of security solutions and encryption protocols that can protect them against a multitude of attacks. Hardware engineers infuse lot of time and effort in implementing cryptographic algorithms, keeping the analysis of design constraints into rumination. When it comes to designs in potential hostile environment, engineers face a challenge for building resistance-free embedded systems against attacks called side channel attacks. Therefore, there is a strong need to address issues related to side channel attacks. This chapter will provide an insight into the field of hardware security, and will provide a deep investigation of various types of side channel attacks and better understanding of various power analysis tools, which will further give researchers a vision to build efficient and secure systems in order to thwart attacks. This chapter mainly focuses on passive attacks as compared to active attacks since passive attacks are easy to perform and lot of research is going on these attacks.
The Embodied Impact of Existing Building Stock
Authors: Hu Ming
Published: March 2020

This chapter provides the reader with a better understanding of the life cycle environmental impacts, with a focus on the embodied impact of existing building stock. A systematic literature review is conducted to paint a clear picture of the current research activities and findings. The major components of embodied impact and parameters influencing the embodied impact are outlined and explained. Lastly, this chapter discusses the major barriers for the embodied impact assessment, and a potential analysis framework is proposed at the end.