bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of vitamin D replacement therapy in serum FGF23 concentration in children with myelomeningocele compared with healthy children – a preliminary study
Authors: Bagińska Joanna , Liszewska Alicja , Korzeniecka-Kozerska Agata
Published: August 2019

Background

Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a recently discovered bone-derived regulator of vitamin D metabolism and phosphate homeostasis. It inhibits phosphate reabsorption and calcitriol production by the kidney. Myelomeningocele (MMC) remains the most severe form of neural tube defects involving serious locomotor disability, osteoporosis and pathologic fractures. We aimed to investigate the influence of vitamin D replacement therapy on serum FGF23 concentration in children with MMC and compare the results with healthy participants.

Methods

This prospective analysis was conducted on 16 children with MMC and 20 healthy children. Serum FGF23 levels were measured; for the studied group, before and after vitamin D replacement therapy with cholecalciferol (vitamin D3). The children’s medical charts were analyzed to determine age, sex, anthropometric measurements, calcium and phosphate, cholecalciferol and renal function parameters.

Results

There were significant differences in vitamin D and FGF23 serum concentrations between the studied groups. The median vitamin D levels in the MMC group increased during replacement therapy (7 vs. 18.5 ng/mL, p = 0.29) in comparison to the median of 25.5 ng/mL in the control group. In MMC children we found a significant decrease in median serum FGF23 after vitamin D replacement therapy (from 42.1 to 0 RU/mL, p < 0.001). FGF23 correlated positively with albumin, serum and urine phosphate levels and negatively with alkaline phosphatase.

Conclusions

1. Serum concentration of FGF-23 is increased in MMC children in comparison to a healthy control group. 2. Vitamin D replacement therapy decreases FGF23 concentrations in MMC children, although further studies are still warranted to gain detailed insight on the FGF23 in the MMC population. 3. Children with MMC present vitamin D deficiency. Nutrition supplemented with low doses of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) (intakes reaching recommended daily allowances) was insufficient to correct 25(OH)-D level in that population of patients.
The aquatic resources of the royal lands in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in times of the last Jagiellonians (in view of legal norms)
Authors: Pytasz-Kołodziejczyk Anna
Published: August 2019

In the 13th and the 14th century, grand dukes had the exclusive right to dispose of aquatic resources of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and they kept it up to the 15th century despite the distribution of rights to royal aquatic resources which lasted since the reign of Vytautas. Aquatic resources of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania could be used not only by their heritable owners and lessees, but also by local people who were allowed to fish ducal lakes and rivers by virtue of the customary law.

Since the second decade of the 16th century, grand dukes became more and more interested in the economic productivity of royal land of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and in particular in the exploitation of the aquatic resources. It was mainly caused by the increasing financial needs of the Lithuanian treasury connected with the Muscovite-Lithuanian wars and the economic activities of Queen Bona and Sigismund II Augustus. The monarchs signed legal regulations, which concerned their royal land in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. These regulations provided better management of the royal land and protected fish from excessive catch.
Differential heterogenesis and the emergence of semiotic function
Authors: Sarti Alessandro , Citti Giovanna , Piotrowski David
Published: August 2019

In this study, we analyse the notion of “differential heterogenesis” proposed by Deleuze and Guattari on a morphogenetic perspective. We propose a mathematical framework to envisage the emergence of singular forms from the assemblages of heterogeneous operators. In opposition to the kind of differential calculus that is usually adopted in mathematical-physical modelling, which tends to assume a homogeneous differential equation applied to an entire homogeneous region, heterogenesis allows differential constraints of qualitatively different kinds in different points of space and time. These constraints can then change in time, opening the possibility for new kinds of differential dynamics and the emergence of distinct entities and forms. Formally, we show that operators with different phase spaces can be assembled on the basis of a result of Rothschild & Stein (1976. Hypoelliptic differential operators and nilpotent groups. Acta Mathematica 137. 247–320). Furthermore, operators with different dynamics can be assembled by means of a partition of the unit.

After stating the concept of differential heterogenesis in terms of contemporary mathematics, we show that this construction sheds light on the constitution of the semiotic function. In fact, both the Merleau-Pontian and the Deleuzian approaches share a common conceptualisation of the semiotic function and its emergence in terms of amorphodynamics of heterogeneous assemblages with a divergent actualisation. This divergent actualisation allows the co-constitution of various expression and content planes. Finally, we show that the divergent actualisation can be interpreted as the directions of principal eigenvectors of the actualized flow.
Structural properties of the alluaudite-type materials Ag2–

x
Na
x
Mn3(VO4)3 (x=0.62 and 1.85)
Authors: Ben Yahia Hamdi , Shikano Masahiro
Published: August 2019

The new members of the Ag2−

x
Na
x
Mn3(VO4)3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 2) solid solution were synthesized by a solid-state reaction route. The crystal structures of Ag1.38Na0.62Mn3(VO4)3 (x = 0.62) and Ag0.15Na1.85Mn3(VO4)3 (x = 1.85) were solved using single crystal X-ray diffraction. These phases crystallize with a monoclinic symmetry (space group C2/c), and their structures are new members of the well-known alluaudite family. In both compounds, the Ag+/Na+, Mn2+/Mn3+ and V5+ cations are eight-, six-, and four-coordinated to oxygen atoms, respectively. All the atoms are perfectly ordered except for the Ag and Na atoms which are statistically disordered over a 4b and a 4e atomic position. This single-crystal structural study confirms the existence of a full solid solution Ag2−

x
Na
x
Mn3(VO4)3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1.85).
A Thun-reform a Habsburg Monarchiában
Authors: Ugrai János
Published: August 2019

Die Thun-Hohenstein’schen Universitätsreformen. Konzeption – Umsetzung – Nachwirkungen. Szerk. Aichner, Christoph – Mazohl, Brigitte. Wien – Köln – Weimar, 2017. 424 oldal.
An Ecology of Operations: Vigilance, Radar, and the Birth of the Computer Screen
Authors: Geoghegan Bernard Dionysius
Published: August 2019

This article examines the birth of interactive computer screens from enemy targeting and tracking systems (especially computerized radar) that distributed information processing in an ecology of operations among humans, computational instruments, and the environment. It proposes a concept of “computational screening” to account for the integration of visualization and information processing that gave rise to digital images.
The Effectiveness of Heart Valve Replacement Surgery in a Non-Referral Regional Hospital: The Analysis of Outcomes after Isolated and Complex Valve Replacement
Authors: Tüysüz Mehmet Erin , Dedemoğlu Mehmet
Published: August 2019

Background: To comprehensively investigate early and late outcomes for all valve replacement surgery patients in a non-referral regional hospital database and to compare these results with the literature.
Methods: This was a retrospective study and made up of patients undergoing heart valve replacement in the cardiovascular department of a non-referral regional hospital between May 2008 and February 2018. Inclusion criteria were aortic, mitral and double valve replacement with or without CABG.
Results: 212 patients were included in the study. Of the 212 patients, 65 were aortic valve replacement, 119 were mitral valve replacement, 28 were double valve replacement patients. Mean follow-up of all patients was 3.4 ± 2.9 years. There was no significant difference among the groups regarding hospital mortality. The occurrence of acute renal failure and neurological event was the main factors of morbidity-associated mortality. Concomitant CABG procedure was found to be an independent predictor of early mortality after MVR. In the AVR group, there was no significant difference between AVR with CABG and without CABG regarding the 5-year survival rates; whereas in MVR and DVR group, there was a statistically significant difference between the groups. According to Cox proportional hazards model for determining factors related to late mortality, preoperative chronic renal failure and concomitant CABG were factors independently related to late mortality after MVR.
Conclusion: We believe that our study will contribute to the development of the outcomes of heart valve replacement surgery in these centers by supporting other non-heart center clinics in working toward acceptable morality rates for complex valve surgeries.
Mitral Valve Replacement with Thymectomy in a Patient with Ocular Myasthenia Gravis: Case Report
Authors: Stiru Ovidiu , Stefan Mihai , Geana Roxana Carmen , Sorostinean Diana , Radu Răzvan , Filipescu Daniela , Chioncel Ovidiu , Iliescu Vlad Anton
Published: August 2019

Patients diagnosed with ocular myasthenia gravis (MG) and mitral valve disease represent a significant perioperative management problem, especially for the anaesthesiologist, due to complex inter-actions between the disease, drugs to treat the disease, and anaesthetic agents, such as neuromuscu-lar blocking agents (NMBAs).
This paper describes the successful management of a 31-year-old female with mitral valve stenosis and ocular MG who was diagnosed with MG 4 years prior to the indication for cardiac surgery. Preoperatively, the patient was under treatment with Pyridostigmine and Prednisone. Mitral valve replacement and full thymectomy were performed, under general anaesthesia, using Fentanyl, Sevoflurane and low doses of non-depolarising NMBAs.
The postoperative course was uneventful, the patient was extubated at 6 hours postoperatively, in-tensive care unit stay was 48 hours, and the patient was discharged after 6 days without any compli-cations. After 3 months, at the follow-up examination, the patient’s ocular symptoms (eyelid ptosis) disappeared.
De Novo Genome Sequence Assemblies of Gossypium raimondii and Gossypium turneri
Authors: Udall Joshua A , Long Evan , Hanson Chris , Yuan Daojun , Ramaraj Thiruvarangan , Conover Justin L , Gong Lei , Arick Mark A , Grover Corrinne E , Peterson Daniel G , Wendel Jonathan F
Published: August 2019

Cotton is an agriculturally important crop. Because of its importance, a genome sequence of a diploid cotton species (Gossypium raimondii, D-genome) was first assembled using Sanger sequencing data in 2012. Improvements to DNA sequencing technology have improved accuracy and correctness of assembled genome sequences. Here we report a new de novo genome assembly of G. raimondii and its close relative G. turneri. The two genomes were assembled to a chromosome level using PacBio long-read technology, HiC, and Bionano optical mapping. This report corrects some minor assembly errors found in the Sanger assembly of G. raimondii. We also compare the genome sequences of these two species for gene composition, repetitive element composition, and collinearity. Most of the identified structural rearrangements between these two species are due to intra-chromosomal inversions. More inversions were found in the G. turneri genome sequence than the G. raimondii genome sequence. These findings and updates to the D-genome sequence will improve accuracy and translation of genomics to cotton breeding and genetics.
Evolutionary Dynamics in Structured Populations Under Strong Population Genetic Forces
Authors: Feder Alison F , Pennings Pleuni S , Hermisson Joachim , Petrov Dmitri A
Published: August 2019

In the long-term neutral equilibrium, high rates of migration between subpopulations result in little population differentiation. However, in the short-term, even very abundant migration may not be enough for subpopulations to equilibrate immediately. In this study, we investigate dynamical patterns of short-term population differentiation in adapting populations via stochastic and analytical modeling through time. We characterize a regime in which selection and migration interact to create non-monotonic patterns of population differentiation over time when migration is weaker than selection, but stronger than drift. We demonstrate how these patterns can be leveraged to estimate high migration rates using approximate Bayesian computation. We apply this approach to estimate fast migration in a rapidly adapting intra-host Simian-HIV population sampled from different anatomical locations. We find differences in estimated migration rates between different compartments, even though all are above Nem = 1. This work demonstrates how studying demographic processes on the timescale of selective sweeps illuminates processes too fast to leave signatures on neutral timescales.
The Gender Politics of English Literary Modernism
Authors: Tiessen Paul
Published: August 2019

EISENSTEIN, JOYCE AND THE GENDER POLITICS OF ENGLISH LITERARY MODERNISM A remarkable meeting took place one November day in 1929 in Paris between two famous innovators, one in literature, the other in film: James Joyce (1882-1941) and Sergei Eisenstein (1898-1948).... The historical meeting ... took place on November 30, 1929, at 2 Square Robiac, 192 rue de Grenelle, Paris 7e, where Joyce had a flat.... As far as is known, Joyce never mentioned this meeting in writing.(1)  Like other literary scholars have done in the past couple of decades, I looked first of all to the writings of novelist James Joyce and to the writings of filmmaker Sergei Eisenstein when I sought to find a ground or establish a basis for my interest in exploring the possible shared relationships -- the influences, the historical connections, the theoretical or ideological associations, the definitions and other constructed meanings...
The Pop Promo
Authors: Stoneman Rod
Published: August 2019

LOVE, MUSIC, COMPROMISE: THE POP PROMO Whether it is called innocence or ignorance, a certain unreconciled naivety is the basis for survival in this culture. A naivety which leads to repeated ingenuous expectations of reappraisal, innovation and renewal. What are the forces that can engender change, the possibility of play and freedom to experiment in the face of Power, in the grip of Industry? The machinery of pop video production exemplifies the strange dynamic of culture and commerce, an unsteady relation between compromise and artistic realisation generated when business encounters creative desire. A micro climate shifting between uneven and unpredictable weather patterns... Unfinished Business From the perspective of the rich, variegated histories of the many previous experiments with image and music in film one might have expected that the development of music video in the late Seventies would open a unique terrain for diverse visual exploration to reach...
Conversations with Two Canadian Film Artists
Authors: Pratley Gerald
Published: August 2019

MICHELINE LANCTÔT AND COLM FEORE TALK TO GERALD PRATLEY (1) MICHELINE LANCTÔT wrote and directed wrote and directed wrote and directed Deux Actrices (Two Can Play), with Pascale Bussières, Pascale Paroissien, Louise Latraverse, François Delisle, Suzanne Garceau; a drama of re-conciliation between two estranged sisters, the charm and intrigue of which soon becomes a nightmare, with the actual narrative being interspersed with real-life scenes of the two actresses at work.(1) Pratley: Ms. Lanctôt, what inspired you to film this subject in a somewhat unusual way? Lanctôt: It came about from an idea I had a long time ago. I teach "Directing Actors" at Concordia University in Montréal -- I always had trouble explaining what "character" is on a screen to my students, and how actors approach a character. And I had long been tempted by the notion of doing something involving an actor and his character to...
The Irresistible Rise of Asian Cinema 1
Authors: Pratley Gerald
Published: August 2019

PRODUCTION ACTIVITY It was not so many years ago it seems when speaking of motion pictures from Asia meant Japanese films as represented by Akira Kurosawa and films from India made by Satyajit Ray. But suddenly time passes and now we are impressed and immersed in the flow of films from Hong Kong, Taiwan, China, South Korea, the Philippines, with Japan a less significant player, and India and Pakistan more prolific than ever in making entertainment for the mass audience. No one has given it a name or described it as "New Wave," it is simply Asian Cinema -- the most exciting development in filmmaking taking place in the world today. In China everything is falling apart yet it manages to hold together, nothing works yet it keeps on going, nothing is ever finished or properly maintained, and yes, here time does wait for every man. But as far...
The Mysterious Origins of Lawrence of Arabia
Authors: Paquet Ron
Published: August 2019

THE THIRTIETH ANNIVERSARY OF DAVID LEAN'S CLASSIC FILM, Lawrence of Arabia, in 1992, brought with it the restored print and the publication of several books and the screenplay, together with a number of other celebrations befitting this impressive picture and the work of its late director. The screenplay was written by Robert Bolt based on a previous script by Michael Wilson. Many previous attempts had been made over the years to bring Lawrence to the screen. One of the earliest was written by John Monk Saunders, the American screenwriter who wrote Wings and a succession of dramas dealing with WWI. This is how he envisioned scenes later immortalized by Wilson and Bolt. During the two years of the World War in which Lawrence of Arabia was engaged in the revolt of the Arabs against the Turks he make innumerable excursions into the desert, performing myriad exploits and met countless...
Havana 1994
Authors: Bachmann Gideon
Published: August 2019

CUBA: MAYBE NOT KICKING BUT ALIVE! Havana - There are no taxes in Cuba. That's a constitutional guarantee. There is also no street crime to speak of, no major drug problem, and a girl can walk home alone after a movie -- often many miles -- without worry. Of course, going home by bus would be better -- if they ran. And she'd find her way more easily if the streets were lit. In a country with no native energy source, those are the real luxuries, the ones Cuba can no longer afford. Not after the fall of the socialist block. Suddenly, Cuba is all alone out there. Meeting Castro, the man, is another surprise. In spanking new green battledress -- he's given up smoking Cohibas, they sell without his help -- he welcomes us in his marble-columned Palacio de la Revolucion and instead of a dose of "Socialismo...
100 Years of Cinema: Looking Ahead
Authors: Editor The
Published: August 2019

IN THIS CENTENNARY YEAR OF FILM, much has been said about cinema's past; now may be time to see what lies ahead in view of the rapidly approaching new century and millennium. We do not know which form the film medium is going to assume a hundred years from now and, indeed, if it is going to exist at all. It is, however, not my intention to look this far ahead. Let us glance instead at the very near future of this journal, and see the form it will take in the time to come. The first issue of KINEMA was published only in 1993. The word "Netscape" was still unknown then. Today, the name of this browser software is a household word and millions of people around the globe, young and old, put on its wings and journey out to explore the magic Web. Many of them enter...
Film's Illusions
Authors: Uhde Jan
Published: August 2019

FILM'S ILLUSIONS: KULESHOV REVISITED FOR a century, moving images have been captivating millions around the world. Yet many of the attractions which bring people into cinema theatres and, more recently, which fix their eyes to television screens for hours on end, are only illusions. We say "movies" but no movement exists in film -- it is produced in the spectator's mind. The mechanics of this illusion is explained today with reference to two optical phenomena: The persistence of vision, described theoretically by Peter Mark Roget in 1824, and the so-called phi-phenomenon, also known as "stroboscopic effect," discovered by the gestalt psychologist Max Wertheimer.(1) These two effects permit the human brain to perceive a series of related static images (more precisely, motion phases) as a continuous motion. It is this illusion that permits the existence of moving pictures and, more recently, television. Unlike the motion pictures, which need only...
Bread and Circuses
Authors: Bachmann Gideon
Published: August 2019

BREAD AND CIRCUSES: PRESENT AND FUTURE OF THE EUROPEAN CINEMA GIDEON Bachmann speaks to Ulrich Gregor, the renowned German historian and critic who organises the long-running Forum series of programmes at the Berlin Film Festival. The conversation took place on 6th June 1995, in Berlin.   GB: How healthy is European cinema? Is it true that its existence is threatened by the conquest of European screens by American movies? Can you see in which direction this form of art -- or, if you wish, this branch of business -- is heading? If the threat is real, does the European cinema have a chance, or will it always be a minority pleasure?UG: The threat certainly exists. It is enough to look at attendance figures: their language is clear. The market for European films in Europe itself has never been lower. Even in those countries traditionally seen as pivots of film...
Cinema Under Political Pressure
Authors: Miczka Tadeusz
Published: August 2019

CINEMA UNDER POLITICAL PRESSURE: A BRIEF OUTLINE OF AUTHORIAL ROLES IN POLISH POST-WAR FEATURE FILM 1945-1995 Before the spread of television in the middle of the Fifties, film -- the Tenth Muse -- was the light in the eyes of politicians who recognised its communication, entertainment and artistic values, and before all, its ability to create a feeling of reality in viewers minds. Not accidentally the leaders of the world powers and countries conducting colonial politics called it "the most important of all arts" (Lenin), "a great means of mass propaganda" (Stalin), "the strongest weapon" (Mussolini) and "the chronicler and commentator of contemporary events" (Hitler). The cinema, as in a distorting mirror, has always reflected ideologists' utopian visions of the world. Film's ideological stance continued to be cultivated after World War II; in several countries (including Poland) it efficiently limited the natural process of film art development. In 1945...
Berlin 1995
Authors: Pratley Gerald
Published: August 2019

IF IT WAS SAID ONCE it was said a hundred times: "The cinema was invented a hundred years ago but today's filmmakers don't know how to make movies. After a century of existence they are rapidly going backwards." A sweeping statement and fortunately, there are exceptions, but this was the consensus at the conclusion of the showing of the Competition films at Berlin's 45th International Film Festival. By general agreement this year's festival has not matched up to last year's standards which were themselves lower than the year before. All of which leads to the questions frequently asked among the ranks of the media - is this the best that Moritz de Hadeln could find? Is Cannes proving to be a continuing stumbling block to obtaining the best entries? Or is he losing his sense of judgment after 15 years in charge? The film expected to win the Golden...
Melbourne 1995
Authors: Pratley Gerald
Published: August 2019

WHAT A PLEASUR TO OPEN the catalogue of the 44th Melbourne International Film Festival to discover the absence of "welcoming messages" from the Prime Minister down to the local Mayor and introductions from the festival staff (complete with portraits) telling us how marvellous the program is and what great audiences we are! Melbourne runs at exactly the same time as Sydney's film festival. No one quite seemed to know why, or to think that this was odd; after all, no one in Melbourne expected moviegoers to come from Sydney and none from Melbourne was expected by Sydney to attend its festival. So why not? There seems not to be any rivalry between the two, some films are shared, otherwise the programs are quite different - a likeably Australian relationship. As 1995 marks the centenary of cinema it was fitting that Melbourne brought Australian films to the fore: the opening...
Short Films and Their Festivals
Authors: Thompson Patricia
Published: August 2019

THE LAUNCHING of the Toronto Worldwide Short Film Festival in May brought about the realization that there are a respectable number of showcases for Canadian short films, and some completely devoted to the national product. Most of these festivals are juried with filmmakers competing for awards of cash or services. The Montréal International Short Film Festival was into its third year in April; The Toronto International Film Festival celebrated the 12th anniversary of its Perspective Canada program in September, while in Saskatchewan, the Yorkton Short Film and Video Festival was 31 years old in May and still kicking up its heels. Many more festivals show short films of a more specialized nature. The Ottawa International Animation Festival is staged every two years in Ottawa and our animators stand out there -- taking part in what must surely be one of our national sports categories! Hot Docs is organized at...
100 Years of Cinema
Authors: Uhde Jan
Published: August 2019

100 YEARS OF CINEMA: REMEMBERING BOLESLAW MATUSZEWSKI In 1995, the eyes of the film world seem to look back upon that celebrated December day a century ago, when the first moving images of Louis and Auguste Lumière flickered on the screen in the Indian Salon inside the Grand Café on the Boulevard des Capucines in Paris. But there was another man who lived in that same time and place, a long-forgotten visionary without whom we might have very little to celebrate today: Boleslaw Matuszewski. Already in 1898, Matuszewski publicly voiced the idea that films embody values transcending their primary purpose and that the life of a film should not end with its last theatrical presentation. This Polish cameraman, a Lumière employee, proposed that a Motion Pictures Historical Depository (Dépôt de cinématographie historique) be created, thus acknowledging the significance of preservation of filmed material for posterity. At that time, moving...
Producer with a Mission
Authors: Pratley Gerald
Published: August 2019

ROCK DEMERS: PRODUCER WITH A MISSION Ten years ago a nondescript two-story office building on rue Roy in the lovely St. Denis and St. Laurent district of Montréal became the office and operating headquarters of a new company called Productions la Fête initiated by Rock Demers, a well respected and admired man about film in Québec. Dedicated to making sensible family films on a regular basis appealing to children and parents alike not many observers in or out of the business gave the project much chance of success. Demers' admirers praised him for his courage, his detractors were smugly certain he would fail. The best that could be expected would be a hopeful first, followed by a few more and a fade out, and then a "for rent" sign in the window. But today, in the tenth anniversary year, the second floor is filled with constant activity; the original...
Islam, Animation and Money
Authors: White Timothy R. , Winn J. E.
Published: August 2019

MUCH HAS BEEN SAID ABOUT THE RECEPTION of Walt Disney Incorporated's 1993 film Aladdin by Arab-American groups in the United States. However, little has been written concerning the reception of the film in other parts of the world, especially in those nations with significant Muslim populations. Although an investigation into the reception of the film in the Islamic nations of the Middle East seems obvious and appropriate, there are other parts of the world with significant Muslim populations that deserve our attention. This paper, then, is a study of the controversy surrounding the distribution and exhibition of Aladdin in the nations of Southeast Asia with large Muslim populations. These nations include Indonesia (with the largest Muslim population in the world), Brunei, and Malaysia, all of which are predominantly Muslim, and Singapore, in which Muslims constitute a significant minority.(1) Although in the United States the issue may be regarded...
South African Film Industry
Authors: Botha Martin P.
Published: August 2019

THE SOUTH AFRICAN FILM INDUSTRY: FRAGMENTATION, IDENTITY CRISIS AND UNIFICATION IntroductionFilm and video are regarded as vital in South Africa's transition. Amongst others, film and video can foster a stable, democratic and united society. However, the South African film industry cannot fulfil this role at present due to fragmentation and consequently an identity crisis. The industry therefore needs to change. One of the key players in previous debates about the restructuring of the local industry, the Film and Allied Workers' (FAWO) Distribution Committee chairman, Seipati Bulane-Hopa, describes the need for cinema in our society in these words: Cinema ... serves as a vehicle for people to articulate their different social affiliations and define their respective historic cultures, traditions, social and political experiences. If cinema is only used to entertain and not to educate, then the chances of transforming our society are slim (Blignaut & Botha, 1992, p.88)....
That Smell in the Vaults
Authors: Ritchie W. Mark
Published: August 2019

THAT SMELL IN THE VAULTS: THE DEGRADATION OF POLYMERS IN AV MATERIALS VINEGAR Syndrome(1), Rancid Butter Syndrome(2), Rotten Fish Syndrome -- evocative but accurate descriptions of the pervasive killers of our sound and moving image heritage. Leaving aside the well-known problems of nitrate film we are faced with the stability problems of our polymer-based supports. All polymers are subject to decay; and the cellulose nitrate, cellulose diacetate, cellulose butyrate, cellulose propionate and cellulose triacetate bases are no exception. The problem is not limited to film -- audiotape, videotape, computer tape, computer disk and other formats are subject to the same inevitable decay and destruction. Over the last few years it has come to the attention of archivists around the world that the life expectancy of our audio-visual heritage is not what we once thought it should be. Storage conditions naturally have dramatic impacts on life expectancy. We...
The Canadian Scene
Authors: Pratley Gerald
Published: August 2019

At Canada's main film festivals Canadian films have their own showcases: Panorama Canada at Montréal's World Film Festival, Perspective Canada at the Toronto International Film Festival (no longer called Festival of Festivals), Canadian Images at the Vancouver International Film Festival and the Canadian section at Halifax's Atlantic Film. As the summers pass these special programmes bring on high hopes of whole-hearted rejoicing in finding among the almost fifty new feature-length films at least a substantial number to make us quietly proud of what our filmmakers have accomplished in showing audiences here and abroad what it means to be Canadian. Regretfully, with a sense of loss over what might have been one writes of disappointment rather than the excitement of discovery. Paul Donovan's Paint Cans introduces a character early in the story who matter-of-factly mentions that "Canadians can't make films." The audience laughs, as though in agreement, and it is not...
An Extraordinary Confession
Authors: Uhde Jan
Published: August 2019

THE Polish director Krzysztof Kieślowski is known to the world mainly through his films. Now, at the zenith of his professional career, he has added to his work a captivating autobiography. In this document, the artist offers valuable insights into his life, work and mind. He discusses metaphysical questions, reveals something about his philosophy, opinions, artistic concerns, and idiosyncrasies. Frequently, he turns his attention towards mundane practical problems and dilemmas encountered on the set, and their repercussions. Kieślowski on Kieślowski is largely based on interviews recorded and translated in Paris in December 1991, May 1992, and Summer 1993, by the England-based writer Danusia Stok. The text also includes quotations from Kieślowski's Guardian lecture in London (April 1990) and his reflections published in the Swiss cultural monthly Du. The introductory part of the autobiography casts light upon the author's childhood and youth, particularly on the consuming sickness (TB) of the artist's...
Hong Kong and Singapore
Authors: Toh Hai Leong
Published: August 2019

SINGAPORE AND HONG KONG FESTIVALS: DIVERSITY, CONTRAST AND SIMILARITY FROM the 1st Hong Kong International Film Festival (HKIFF) in 1977 with 27 films to this year's 20th HKIFF with some 200 films, the increase in the number of films shown has been more than seven-fold. Case 2: In 1987, the 1st Singapore International Film Festival (SIFF) exhibited 50 films. In comparison, 90 movies were presented in 1996, a near two-fold increase. However, what the festival lacked in sheer quantity it made up for in quality. The HKIFF is 11 years older than the latter. However, as the date of Hong Kong's cessation to China on 1st July 1997 draws nearer, the HKIFF looks increasingly set to transfer its authority and eclecticism to its Singapore counterpart. Thus in this year's HKIFF (25th March to 9th April) and SIFF (4th to 20th April), prints were shared for mutual benefit and to...
Istanbul 1996
Authors: Pratley Gerald
Published: August 2019

KNOWN AS 'THE MEETING POINT BETWEEN TWO CONTINENTS', the International Istanbul Film Festival, now in its 15th year, lives up to its official designation and becomes more pertinent with each passing festival. With limited state support, this determined, medium-sized event, under the direction of the glamorous Hülya Ucansu, has improved the cinema programs of Turkish moviegoers with films from around the world, the emphasis being placed on new works from both European and Asian filmmakers. There is little of Hollywood here (it's all in the cinemas week in week out); only a few of the best of the American independents. The concept of film as art is now more widely recognized by a public which once thought of movies only in terms of popular entertainment from Hollywood's distributing agents. The pattern of the domestic market in releasing and exhibiting films has changed visibly. Ms. Ucansu said that in...
Berlin 1996
Authors: Voráč Jiří
Published: August 2019

THE CRISIS OF STORIES, THE PATHOLOGY OF LONELINESS, THE POETICS OF CHAOS THIS year saw a course change in the international film festival in Berlin. In the past, the Berlinale had cast itself mainly as an overview of artistically demanding works by significant directors, paying special attention to smaller, less traditional film industries (Central and Eastern Europe in the 1980s, Asia in the 1990s). Time was also devoted to independent film-makers and minority genres (homosexual film, for example). This year, a commercial orientation clearly predominated, and the festival's official image was formed by larger, star-studded Hollywood productions whose glitter was emphasised by personal appearances of the visiting celebrities. A crisis of themes, personalities This year's festival manifested a lack of new creative personalities and artistic impulses, such as the "independent" generation (Jarmusch and others) of recent years, or the production of the so-called "Third World," which had made...
Sergei Parajanov Speaks Up
Authors: Holloway Ron
Published: August 2019

SERGEI PARAJANOV: INTERVIEW WITH RON HOLLOWAY This interview formed the basis of our documentary portrait, Parajanov, A Requiem (1994). The American spelling of "Parajanov" is used, instead of the British-French "Paradjanov," to differentiate this documentary from a dozen others made on the Armenia-Georgian director. The interview took place on 1 July 1988 in his hotel room on the morning before the world premiere of Ashik Kerib at the Filmfest München. Parajanov was always aware of the tasks facing the cameraman; accordingly, he would shorten or lengthen his answers to keep the interview flowing. His last speech on the stage of the Carl-Orff-Hall is added because be was actually speaking to the camera on this occasion. Since Parajanov makes frequent references to his films, I have included a brief bio/filmography at the end of this interview. On occasion, I have inserted extra production dates, first names, and term explanations...
Kieślowski's "Trois Couleurs" Trilogy
Authors: Toh Hai Leong
Published: August 2019

Krzysztof Kieślowski's "Trois Couleurs" Trilogy: The Auteur's Preoccupation with (missed) chances and (missed) connections When the first two films of Polish director Krzysztof Kieślowski's "Trois Couleurs" trilogy, Blue (1993) and White (1994) were chosen to open and close the distinguished 18th Hong Kong International Film Festival, festival buffs and critics were delighted. The great director was himself in attendance at the opening, albeit in a sling with an injured arm on the night of 25th March 1994. Then he left the British Colony and returned to close the festival with White on 9th April 1994....
A--Z Guide to Film Production Terms
Authors: Thompson Patricia
Published: August 2019

VALUABLE AND WITTY GLOSSARY A 4" x 5" (10 x 12.5 cm) handy, pocket-size soft booklet that lists just about every phrase, slang expression, title and job used on and around a film set. Many are familiar, but some are weird and wonderful, and peculiar to the insular world of the movies. For example, the "Abby Singer Shot" is named afer a real person, as are "Groucho" (a crouching walk) and "Jack Lord" -- a 50mm lens ("5-0" -- get it...?). Western movies can be Dusters, Horse Operas, Oaters; "Fernie" and "Futz" appear suspicious but are, respectively, an all-purpose protective furniture pad, and altering a dialogue track to make it sound like a voice coming over the telephone or radio. There's a whole range of oddities that catch the eye -- gak, pork chop, pretties, rumble pot -- and how about "Spaghetti with pizza on the side"? And the...
UMA METODOLOGIA DE PROGRAMAS DE PESQUISA CIENTÍFICA, SEGUNDO LAKATOS
Authors: Rodrigues Alziro César M.
Published: August 2019

SÍNTESE - Um dos aspectos mais amplamente abordados em estudos recentes de Filosofia da Ciência tem sido o debate epistemológico criado em tomo das idéias de Thomas Kuhn e Karl Popper. Na tentativa de resolver a controvérsia estabelecida, Imre Lakatos propôs a falsificação metodológica sofisticada. O presente artigo coloca em foco esta proposição, discutindo sua formulação e destacando a contribuição de Lakatos ao raciocinio epistemológico. PALAVRAS-CHAVE - filosofia da ciência, Lakatos, falsificação metodológica.
APRESENTAÇÃO
Authors: Stein Ernildo
Published: August 2019

Os trabalhos que compõem a matéria central deste volume da Veritas são o resultado da pesquisa de um grupo de professores que participaram do Colóquio sobre Existência e Culpabilidade realizado no contexto do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia da PUCRS, organizado pelo Centro de Estudos Integrado Fenomenologia e Hermenêutica. Com o título Existência e Culpabilidade se definiu um objetivo que visava à discussão do problema da culpa em Ser e tempo e em alguns autores que propõem outros aspectos da análise da culpa na Filosofia. O colóquio que se realizou nos três primeiros dias de outubro de 1997 tomou como ponto de partida o parágrafo 58 de Ser e tempo que significa uma verdadeira revolução na reflexão sobre os aspectos centrais da culpa na filosofia ocidental.Sem poder explorar todas as dimensões que a questão da culpa nos coloca na filosofia existencial e em outras correntes filosóficas, os expositores apresentaram investigações sobre culpa e culpabilidade assim como aparecem na cultura antiga, na antropologia, na psicanálise, na ética, no universo da técnica e como elas representam um f enômeno central no século 20, até tornar-se uma questão coletiva.As discussões estenderam-se até as origens metafísicas e existenciais da condição humana, marcada pela culpa que, já nos primórdios da filosofia ocidental, recebe, no Dito de Anaximandro, a primeira abordagem. A partir dessa interrogação a culpa se apresenta como um abismo inescrutável e um desafio que acompanha a história da metafísica.O volume da revista se constitui pelo conjunto dos trabalhos do encontro, num primeiro bloco, e é seguido por . alguns outros textos avulsos sob a epígrafe Debates e as tradicionais Notícias bibliográficas.O organizador agradece aos autores e aos responsáveis diretos pelarevista a colaboração e o estímulo.
EXISTÊNCIA E CULPABILIDADE: Um estudo do parágrafo 58 de Ser e Tempo, de Martin Heidegger
Authors: Arenhart Livio Osvaldo
Published: August 2019

SÍNTESE - Em consonância com o método fenomenológico- hermenêutico traçado por Martin Heidegger em Sein und Zeit (1927), a expressão prático-auto-referencial "eu sou" [sum] deve anteceder toda predicação sobre o humano ser/estar-aí-no-mundo. A este pertence a culpa/ dívida [Schuld] enquanto sentir-se/compreender-se e confessar-se como ser-culpado/devedor [Schuldigsein]. "Sou culpado por" resulta da junção de "sou responsável por" com o "não" implícito na idéia (objetivista) de falta (relativa à realização de urn ideal valorizado). O responder ativo-projetivo do ser-aí [Dasein] por seu ter-queser está marcado, prévia e ontologicamente, pela impossibilidade de autofundação e pela possibilidade, sempre iminente, de não-(mais)-ser/estaraí- no mundo; e, no plano ôntico, está permeado pela necessária restrição de possibilidades de ação e pelo inelutável retraimento a possibilidades alternativas. O texto explicita algumas potencialidades de incidência corretiva deste conceito ontológico-existencial de culpa sobre a autocompreensão do homem contemporâneo.
Polish Tatar Women as Official Leaders of Muslim Religious Communities and the Sources of their Authority
Authors: Nalborczyk Agata S.
Published: August 2019

The history of the Islamic presence in Poland goes back over 300 years. In the past, Muslim Tatar women played an important role in their communities by preserving and passing on the faith. In the twentieth century their role expanded, with a substantial number of women present at the highest levels of Muslim leadership. The article presents a case study of seven Polish Tatar women who have held the post of official elected presidents of local Muslim communities. These examples are presented in order to research the source of authority on which female leadership is based. The article uses three kinds of authority distinguished by Max Weber: legalrational, charismatic and traditional authority. The article is based on interviews with these female presidents and other members of their communities in order to reconstruct their authority as social and religious leaders and their impact on their respective communities.
Guides to Faith
Authors: Gutmann Timothy
Published: August 2019

In this article, I examine how the project of modern mass education conscripts and alters older understandings of knowledge, vocation, and politics in Islamic thought. First, I explore how reformist ?ulam?? such as Rif??a R?fi? al-?ah??w? (1801–1873) and Mu?ammad ?Abduh (1849–1905) understood education as a universal human right and a moral, religious, and political obligation. I contrast these modern arguments with those of Ab? ??mid al-Ghaz?l? (1058–1111), who says that while all Muslims need to understand their faith, only the few who will serve as religious authorities need to spend many years in formal study. I contrast these two to show how understandings of the self and the community have changed subject to progressive power.
Muslim Women, Activism, and Contexts of Religious Authority
Authors: Hermansen Marcia K.
Published: August 2019

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Dr. Arthur Buehler obituary
Authors: Hermansen Marcia K.
Published: August 2019

Comparative Islamic Studies mourns the loss of editorial board member, Dr. Arthur Buehler, who passed away in Tucson, Arizona April 1, 2019. Before pursuing his doctorate at Harvard University under Annemarie Schimmel, he had mastered the Arabic language and spent several years in Yemen and Oman teaching English. Before his retirement Dr. Buehler had been Senior Lecturer in Religious Studies at Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand. He had also taught Islamic Studies at several American Universities.

Art Buehler was a scholar of Sufism, especially the Persianate Sufism of South and Central Asia. In addition to numerous articles, his books include: Sufi Heirs of the Prophet: The Indian Naqshbandiyya and the Rise of the Mediating Sufi Shaykh (1998); Revealed Grace: The Juristic Sufism of Ahmad Sirhindi, 1564–1624 (2011), and Recognizing Sufism: Contemplation in the Islamic Tradition (2016).
The colon title in complementary and alternative medicine articles (1995–2016)
Authors: Lewin Beverly A. , Salager-Meyer Françoise , Briceño Marianela Luzardo
Published: August 2019

Recent research reveals a growing tendency for busy clinicians to rely on titles only in selecting papers relevant to therapeutic decisions. The implications of this have motivated much scholarship in the study of titles in medical journal articles, but despite expanding interest in complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), titles in this area have received very little attention. This is despite the fact that CAM's history and present contested status ought to make the evolution of its writing of particular interest to discourse analysts. The present paper considers the role played by the colon in titles for attracting readership, based on a study of three high-impact CAM journals, and analyzing frequency of use, length and authorship patterns, as well as a range of rhetorical and lexical choices. The findings show that, while colon titles reflect local constraints such as publication requirements, thus imposing a degree of uniformity across title styles, the need to capture the attention of an increasingly busy audience encourages idiosyncratic rhetorical and lexical choices.
Improving Domain-Specific Classification by Collaborative Learning with Adaptation Networks
Authors: Wu Si , Zhong Jian , Cao Wenming , Li Rui , Yu Zhiwen , Wong Hau-San
Published: August 2019

For unsupervised domain adaptation, the process of learning domain-invariant representations could be dominated by the labeled source data, such that the specific characteristics of the target domain may be ignored. In order to improve the performance in inferring target labels, we propose a targetspecific network which is capable of learning collaboratively with a domain adaptation network, instead of directly minimizing domain discrepancy. A clustering regularization is also utilized to improve the generalization capability of the target-specific network by forcing target data points to be close to accumulated class centers. As this network learns and specializes to the target domain, its performance in inferring target labels improves, which in turn facilitates the learning process of the adaptation network. Therefore, there is a mutually beneficial relationship between these two networks. We perform extensive experiments on multiple digit and object datasets, and the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed approach is presented and verified on multiple visual adaptation benchmarks, e.g., we improve the state-ofthe-art on the task of MNIST→SVHN from 76.5% to 84.9% without specific augmentation.