bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La “grande” lettura: alcune attuali caratteristiche dell’abilità di lettura rilevanti per la didattica
Authors: Corno Dario , Demartini Silvia
Published: December 2023

La lettura, oggi, è una lettura grande (una iperlettura), nel senso che porta i lettori, anche i più giovani, a muoversi rapidamente con lo sguardo e con la mente fra parti di informazione di cui dovrebbero riuscire a ricostruirsi il quadro complessivo, per riuscire a comprendere efficacemente. Ciò è la conseguenza di un contatto sempre più precoce e assiduo con nuovi strumenti e dispositivi tecnologici tramite cui si legge, che, grazie soprattutto alle risorse e alle modalità d’uso di Internet, inducono il formarsi di un nuovo tipo di lettori e lettrici, con tratti cognitivi in parte nuovi. È tutto perduto oppure è possibile osservare il fenomeno con occhi nuovi, cogliendone i rischi ma anche il potenziale? Tra storia e attualità, l’articolo si propone di indagare queste dimensioni, con uno sguardo attento a chi oggi si trova a operare nel mondo della scuola. La strada è certamente lunga e inesplorata, quindi sono quanto mai urgenti studi ed esperienze didattiche sull’argomento.
La fraseologia nell’apprendimento dell’italiano LS in contesti di tedescofoni
Authors: Varriale Salvatore
Published: December 2023

La fraseologia, che inizia ad acquisire una rilevanza significativa nei campi della didattica e della linguistica solo dalla seconda metà del secolo scorso, è una parte essenziale dell’apprendimento linguistico che, come altre, non dovrebbe essere trascurata; pertanto, il presente elaborato avanza proposte per promuovere lo studio dei fraseologismi nella didattica dell’italiano LS in contesti tedescofoni, coniugando la sfera della creatività con quella del digitale. In una prima fase, partendo dalla mia esperienza in Austria, saranno illustrate alcune attività ai fini di una lezione introduttiva, di stampo costruttivista, su proverbi e modi di dire italiani: l’UDA qui proposta, che ha trovato nelle teorie di Harald Burger la propria base teorica, è stata ideata per un gruppo di studenti con una conoscenza intermedia dell’italiano. In una seconda fase, si mira a mostrare, mediante un progetto realizzato con il Pacific Language Institute, come fraseologia e social network possano unirsi in dialogo per una glottodidattica sempre più inclusiva e innovativa.
Perancangan Power Bank Dengan Memanfaatkan Tenaga Matahari
Authors: Amin Baihaqi Ulum , Davan Dwi Maulana  , Maghfiroh  , Firman Masykur Arianto
Published: December 2023

Handphone adalah satu dari sekian banyaknya perangkat elektronik yang memiliki fungsi penting untuk kehidupan manusia. Rata-rata manusia pada zaman sekarang pasti mempunyai handphone. Handphone membutuhkan energy listrik. Tenaga Handphone bersumber dari baterai. Seperti perangkat elektronik yang lain-lain, sumber energi yang tersimpan di dalam baterai Handphone hanya bertahan selama beberapa menit dan harus diisi sebelum Handphone di gunakan untuk kegiatan kembali. Untuk pengguna Handphone dengan pengunaan secara terus menerus (seperti game, treveling, social media, dll), akan menjadi masalah dan akan menghalangi atau menghambat penggunaan sebagai komunikasi satu sama lain dan menghambat aktivitas. Maka pada kasus ini penulis memberikan solusi dengan membuat Rancangan Power Bank dengan menggunakan tenaga Sel Surya sebagai sumber tenaga listik utamanya.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Nilai Perusahaan (Studi pada Perusahaan Pertambangan Batubara Listing di BEI 2017-2020)
Authors: Muttaqi Mohammad Galih Sidqi , Agustina Rachma
Published: December 2023

Tinggi rendahnya nilai perusahaan menunjukkan kemampuan manajemen dalam mengelola perusahaan. Semakin tinggi nilai perusahaan mencerminkan kesejahteraan para pemilik perusahaan. Selain itu, tingginya nilai perusahaan menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan tersebut mempunyai prospek yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kebijakan deviden, kebijakan hutang dan profitabilitas terhadap nilai perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji analisis SPSS. Metode pemilihan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 40 perusahaan pertambangan batubara yang terdaftar di BEI periode 2017-2020. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, secara parsial kebijakan deviden dan kebijakan hutang tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan, sedangkan profitabilitas berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan. Kemudian uji simultan menunjukkan bahwa secara bersama-sama kebijakan deviden (X1), kebijakan hutang (X2) dan profitabilitas (X3) berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan
Turnover Intention among employees of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs): the moderating role of Employee Engagement
Authors: Wulandari Siti Zulaikha , Pariyanti Eka , Febriyanto Febriyanto
Published: December 2023

Purpose – This study was conducted to ascertain the influence of person-organization fit (P-O fit) and job satisfaction on turnover intention within Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Moreover, the mediating role of employee engagement in both of these associations was explored. 
Methodology – A cross-sectional survey was administered, targeting Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Lampung, Indonesia. The study involved 198 participants and data collection was conducted through the utilization of a questionnaire. To test the hypotheses, a quantitative approach incorporating structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed, using the AMOS software package version 24.0.
Findings – The study showed that P-O Fit and job satisfaction had a negative impact on turnover intention. Employee engagement was also identified as a mediating factor in both of these relationships.
Originality – There was a lack of extensive study examining the correlation between the variables within the specific context of SMEs, particularly in Lampung. Therefore, this study was carried out to introduce a study model grounded in social exchange theory.
Elementos de formação continuada de professores de Matemática em um ciclo de Lesson Study no contexto do Ensino Médio
Authors: Da Silva Maria das Vitorias Guimaraes , Macedo Aluska Dias Ramos de , Pina Neves Regina da Silva , Da Silva Janaína Mendes Pereira
Published: December 2023

Este estudo teve como objetivo apresentar contribuições de um ciclo da Lesson Study (LS) para a formação continuada de professores de Matemática da rede pública. Para tanto, adotou-se o Lesson Study (LS), processo de desenvolvimento profissional originado no Japão, que é desenvolvido em três ou quatro etapas: estudo e planejamento; execução da aula; reflexão da aula e, em alguns casos, a reaplicação desta. Ele situa-se em uma perspectiva qualitativa-interpretativa de pesquisa, sendo os dados recolhidos a partir dos registros dos encontros com os professores, dos planos de aula e das produções matemáticas dos estudantes por eles atendidos. Nas etapas de estudo e de planejamento, os professores separaram quatro tarefas para trabalharem com os estudantes, das quais as duas primeiras abordavam a multiplicação e a conversão de unidades de medida e as duas finais a divisão. Na etapa da execução da aula, duas aulas foram ministradas em turmas do 1° e 2º ano do Ensino Médio de uma escola do município de Alagoinha-PB. Os resultados revelam que o LS possibilitou que os professores compreendessem os caminhos trilhados pelos estudantes ao longo da resolução das tarefas, contrapondo-os às dificuldades conceituais e procedimentais que anteciparam. Além disso, oportunizou a reflexão das escolhas assumidas por eles durante a aula face às estratégias e falas dos alunos, comparando-as ao momento do planejamento.
Produção de vídeos em Língua Brasileira e Colombiana de Sinais:
Authors: Nunes Antunes Maria de Fatima , Giongo Ieda Maria , Agapito Francisca Melo , Quartieri Marli Teresinha , Blanco-Álvarez Hilbert
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo tem por objetivo problematizar a produção de vídeos em Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras) e Língua de Sinais Colombiana (LSC), efetivados por dois surdos brasileiros e um colombiano, contendo tarefas de geometria espacial, fazendo o uso do GeoGebra como possibilidade de uma Tecnologia Assistiva (TA). Tais tarefas foram elaboradas, desenvolvidas, avaliadas e redesenhadas, por meio da metodologia Lesson Study, por um grupo de professores de duas escolas públicas de Mato Grosso. Aliado, estudos acerca das temáticas também foram realizados na região de Narino, Colômbia, em um Curso de Licenciatura em Matemática, por meio de parcerias entre grupos de investigação dos dois países. Espera-se, por um lado, que docentes e estudantes de Licenciatura em Matemática, em distintos contextos, façam uso dos vídeos como produto educacional, para obterem subsídios acerca da inclusão de estudantes surdos, sobretudo nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental. Por outro, almeja-se que intérpretes de Língua de Sinais se inspirem para a produção de vídeos, enfatizando, também, outras temáticas.
Contribuições do Lesson Study para a formação inicial do professor que ensina Matemática:
Authors: Nascimento Ana Maria Porto , Honorato Alex Henrique Alves , Pina Neves Regina da Silva , Macedo Aluska Dias Ramos de
Published: December 2023

Este estudo teve o objetivo de identificar as contribuições do Lesson Study para a formação inicial do professor que ensina matemática. Para tanto, optou-se por realizar uma pesquisa do tipo metanálise, em que foram analisados oito resumos expandidos, resultantes de pesquisas concluídas e em desenvolvimento, publicadas nos Anais do I Seminário Internacional de Lesson Study no Ensino de Matemática (I SILSEM), realizado no Brasil em maio de 2021. O estudo indica que as pesquisas adotaram abordagem qualitativa e interpretativa e consideraram as principais etapas do Lesson Study: planejamento, ensino, observação e análise das aulas, sendo algumas realizadas durante o período da pandemia, o que reconfigurou a vivência das etapas com o apoio de recursos tecnológicos de comunicação, escrita compartilhada e registro da produção. Em termos de resultados, evidenciaram que os licenciandos, quando experimentam o trabalho colaborativo na elaboração de planos de aula, na seleção, criação e proposição de tarefas exploratórias, análise das orientações curriculares, estudo do conteúdo matemático, desenvolvimento, observação, avaliação de aulas e reflexão sobre todo o processo produzem conhecimentos essenciais a sua prática profissional. Esses resultados, registrados no I SILSEM, demarcam o potencial do Lesson Study para a formação inicial de professores, ao mesmo tempo em que reforçam a necessidade de mais pesquisas e práticas sobre esse tema.
Aprendizagens e aprendizados de um professor-pesquisador ao participar de uma experiência de Lesson Study sobre o sentido de zero
Authors: De Paula Andrey Patrick Monteiro , Fiorentini Dario
Published: December 2023

A partir de 2018, o primeiro autor iniciou sua participação no Grupo de Sábado (GdS) da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), que estava desenvolvendo um processo formativo e investigativo de desenvolvimento profissional denominado de Lesson Study Híbrido (LSH). Envolto de todos os contextos e relações que ali se entrecruzavam, percebeu as potencialidades deste processo formativo, não só para as professoras que ensinam matemática nos anos iniciais da Educação Básica, mas também para si. Diante disso, este estudo tem por objetivo analisar narrativamente a experiência de participação do primeiro autor, enquanto professor-pesquisador, em um contexto de LSH sobre o ensino-aprendizagem do sentido de zero, destacando suas aprendizagens e seus aprendizados. Esta análise pauta-se, teoricamente, na Teoria da Aprendizagem Situada e na Análise Narrativa Dialógica. Ao analisar os dados, as aprendizagens e seus aprendizados foram organizados em três grandes eixos: aprendizagem como fazer; aprendizagem como pertencimento; e aprendizagem como transformação. Os resultados revelam que, ao participar do LSH, o professor-pesquisador aprendeu, em relação à aprendizagem como fazer, a explorar, por exemplo, dados de diferentes fontes de evidência (gravações em áudio e em vídeo, narrativas escritas, entrevistas, entre outras) com destaque para o sentido de zero e triangulá-las em análise. Em relação à aprendizagem como pertencimento, aprendeu a ter maior responsabilidade na Comunidade de Prática Colaborativa, tendo organizado um evento e assumido, esporadicamente, a posição de formador. Em relação à aprendizagem como transformação, aprendeu a se compreender e se reconhecer como um pesquisador-formador em transformação.
Professional learning in moments of whole-class discussion in a lesson study
Authors: Souza Thuysa Schlichting de , Fonseca Gorete , Da ´Ponte João Pedro
Published: December 2023

This article aims to present 1st cycle of basic education Portuguese teachers’ learning of teaching pupils between 6 and 7 years of age, when they plan, lead and reflect on the moment of whole-class discussion, during a lesson study in mathematics. It is a qualitative research, and data collection was carried out by non-participant observation with the elaboration of a logbook and audio and video recording of sessions. The results show that, when planning the whole-class discussion, the teachers became aware of the importance of planning teaching in detail, paying attention to the objectives that are intended to achieve and the role of the teacher in the whole-class discussion. When they conducted and reflected on the discussion, the teachers understood the need to act during the undertaking of the task, in order to support pupils in terms of mathematical language so that they could better communicate their reasoning to their colleagues.
Lesson Study e o pensamento algébrico na formação continuada de professoras dos primeiros anos
Authors: Ciríaco Klinger Teodoro , Silva Danielle Abreu , Passos Cármen Lúcia Brancaglion
Published: December 2023

Dada a inserção da unidade temática "Álgebra" nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, com a implementação da Base Nacional Comum Curricular – BNCC (BRASIL, 2017), analisamos uma experiência de formação continuada com professoras que ensinam Matemática em uma escola pública em 2019 e 2021. Para este fim, com uma abordagem de natureza qualitativa, o trabalho de campo transcorreu no contexto de um grupo de estudos centrado no ambiente escolar em que implementamos o ciclo formativo Lesson Study para planejamento, validação, desenvolvimento e reflexão sobre os processos empreendidos em turmas de 1º, 2º e 3º ano. Mobilizamos, no referencial teórico, aspectos da compreensão dos estudos de aula como sendo uma metodologia de formação de professores que possibilita resultados mais assertivos, ao passo que coloca o professor em movimento de reflexão sobre sua ação e oportuniza ampliação do conhecimento especializado. Definimos pensamento algébrico como sendo um tipo específico de raciocínio matemático que envolve, principalmente, a generalização de ideias/propriedades matemáticas em tarefas que visam reconhecer padrões, sequências etc. Sobre os resultados, frente a proposta vivenciada no horário de Atividade de Trabalho Pedagógico Coletivo (ATPC) na escola, concluímos que a contribuição central reside no fato de que essa metodologia proporciona, ao professor que ensina Matemática, uma cultura de planejamento coletivo de forma crítica em um contexto de aprendizagem da docência e desenvolvimento profissional, uma vez que o coloca em direção de reflexão sobre si e sobre o outro com olhar investigativo.
Help: rodas de conversa sobre luto e perdas com adolescentes do 8º e 9º anos de uma escola pública de Belo Horizonte/Minas Gerais
Authors: Andrade e Barros Roberta , Rezende Milhorato Lívia , Ohana Brito de Souza Krisley , Valverde Rafael Incalado Dos Santos Luma , Batista Soares Raphaela , Vieira de Souza Pinto Igor , Antônio de Sales Costa Newton , Maria Teixeira Jéssica
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo tem como objetivo geral apresentar o relato de experiência de rodas de conversa realizadas com alunos do 8º e 9º anos de uma escola pública estadual, de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Como objetivos específicos, têm-se: identificar produções acadêmicas sobre o luto, verificar a forma como o luto na adolescência vem sendo tratado nessas pesquisas e, por fim, refletir sobre o uso da metodologia de roda de conversa. Para a escrita do artigo, foram pesquisadas publicações científicas sobre “luto e adolescência”, além de “rodas de conversa”, que foi a metodologia utilizada nas intervenções. Ao todo, foram realizadas três rodas de conversa com os temas: “Acolhimento às perdas e ao luto”, “Vamos falar de perdas e lutos” e “Ansiedade no contexto das perdas e lutos”. As intervenções ocorreram no auditório da escola, uma vez por mês, e tiveram como coordenadoras psicólogas e estudantes de Psicologia. Compreende-se que as intervenções foram benéficas para os adolescentes participantes, que tiveram a oportunidade de pensar e falar sobre lutos e perdas, e ainda foram acolhidos nos momentos das rodas. Esse trabalho fez com que as coordenadoras pudessem refletir sobre o ciclo da vida, de como a morte faz parte dele, além da importância de trabalhar esses assuntos no ambiente escolar.
Adaptación inicial y pilotaje de la evaluación neuropsicológica infantil para jóvenes sordos colombianos.
Authors: Uran Loaiza Ana Jasmin , López Gualteros Brayan Stiben , Rincón Rodríguez Karen Sofía
Published: December 2023

El 90% de los niños sordos nacen en hogares de padres oyentes y pueden experimentar retrasos en la adquisición del lenguaje debido a la falta de exposición temprana a la lengua de señas. La Evaluación Neuropsicológica Infantil 2 (ENI-2) puede ser utilizada para evaluar las habilidades lingüísticas y cognitivas de niños y jóvenes, para lo cual dispone de algunas tareas que es necesario adaptar para ser aplicada en el caso de las personas Sordas.
 Esta investigación de enfoque cuantitativo, alcance descriptivo y tipo transversal consta de una adaptación inicial a la prueba ENI-2 y su respectivo pilotaje, con el fin de brindar una herramienta y datos preliminares, que pueden contribuir a generar una caracterización cognitiva y lingüística de niños y jóvenes Sordos. La adaptación realizada implicó aspectos como seleccionar las pruebas, modificar la modalidad de la respuesta de algunas tareas, postular un equivalente acorde al contexto bilingüe de las personas Sordas, ajustar estímulos e indicaciones, interpretar en lengua de señas colombiana las indicaciones, entre otras. Se debe tener en cuenta que este es solo un primer acercamiento al proceso de adaptación de la prueba, dado que se evidenció luego del pilotaje la necesidad de realizar más ajustes. Se contó con una muestra a conveniencia no probabilística, con la participación de 7 estudiantes (5 hombres y 2 mujeres) de un colegio para Sordos en la ciudad de Bogotá. Además de aportar la propuesta inicial de adaptación, los resultados de este estudio serán útiles para postular un perfil inicial de habilidades lingüísticas y cognitivas de jóvenes sordos, lo que puede facilitar el enfocar acciones de intervención fonoaudiológica, en torno a las habilidades de los escolares Sordos inmersos en un modelo educativo bilingüe-bicultural.
Retos para la promoción y garantía de derechos en primera infancia sorda
Authors: Velásquez Girón Rocio del Pilar
Published: December 2023

Desde un enfoque de derechos, diferencial y dual, la población sorda es reconocida como sujetos sociales y de especial protección, quienes tienen unas particularidades sociolingüistas y culturales. Sin embargo, la evidencia señala que sus atenciones en el marco de la Ruta Integral de Atenciones se ven limitadas, porque no se implementan políticas que promueven la garantía de derechos, o se desconoce su cultura, sus necesidades y los ajustes razonables/acciones afirmativas que requieren, para garantizar su inclusión como sujetos plenos de derechos en Colombia.
Es por lo que, mediante el presente artículo, se exponen retos que tiene la gestión del INSOR y la responsabilidad de los diferentes sectores, principalmente salud, y/o entidades que trabajan la protección integral de los niños[1] de 0 a 5 años, en la promoción y garantía de derechos para la atención y desarrollo feliz e integral, inclusión familiar y social, en el marco de la Ruta Integral de Atenciones - RIA, desde los periodos de preconcepción y gestación de las madres sordas, hasta los niños de 0 meses a 5 años.
Se plantea una metodología de enfoque cualitativo y de tipo reflexivo, basada en la analítica e interpretación del autor, recurriendo a fuentes originales e investigaciones fundamentadas por el INSOR en el tema de Primera Infancia Sorda, utilizando la metodología aplicada. Como resultado se pretende hacer evidente la necesidad de una atención diferencial con la población sorda, en los periodos de preconcepción y gestación de mujeres sordas, y niños sordos en la Primera Infancia, que parte de reconocer sus características y particularidades, requiriéndose un acompañamiento para la disminución de barreras por parte de quienes brindan atención en los diferentes entornos, principalmente en el entorno de la salud.
[1] En adelante este término hará referencia a las niñas y los niños
Imágenes sociales de jóvenes universitarios de Bogotá, Colombia, sobre el proceso de reincorporación de exguerrilleros de las FARC-EP a la sociedad civil.
Authors: Luna Eslava Leonardo Rafael , Byrne Sean
Published: December 2023

Este estudio cualitativo exploratorio trabajó doce jóvenes que cursaban el primer semestre de programas universitarios en la ciudad de Bogotá, Colombia, para explorar sus imágenes sociales sobre el proceso de reintegración de excombatientes de las FARC-EP, y cómo perciben las posibles interacciones con excombatientes que podrían darse en espacios como la universidad, el barrio y el lugar de trabajo. Expresaron sus temores, rechazo, aceptación y esperanzas en relación con la reinserción de los excombatientes de las FARC-EP a la sociedad civil. Sus narrativas expresaron el conocimiento y las emociones sobre el proceso de construcción de paz que se está llevando a cabo en el país. La metodología de narración de historias se utilizó como estrategia para recopilar datos de jóvenes en conflictos prolongados (ver Senehi, 2019). Este estudio contribuye a la literatura de estudios de paz y conflicto (PACS) y al campo de la psicología de la paz al resaltar el papel crucial de incluir las voces de los jóvenes en los esfuerzos de consolidación de la paz y reconciliación en las sociedades transitando por un post-acuerdo de paz (ver Byrne et al., 2019).
Correlación entre el perfil neuropsicológico y creatividad en una muestra de niños con riesgo de salud mental de la ciudad de Manizales.
Authors: Calderón Mejía Manuela , Delgado Reyes Andres Camilo , Aguirre Aldana Lorena , Agudelo Hernandez Andrés Felipe
Published: December 2023

La creatividad es un proceso activo e integrador que involucra procesos cognitivos, senso-perceptivos y emocionales que desarrollan la capacidad de resolver situaciones de forma novedosa, útil y funcional. La creatividad se puede ver afectada por diferentes factores como lo son el desarrollo de los procesos cognitivos, afectivos y comportamentales. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo identificar la correlación existente entre el riesgo de síntomas afectivos y comportamentales con la creatividad y el perfil neuropsicológico en una muestra de niños, niñas y adolescentes de la ciudad de Manizales. Se realizó un estudio transversal y correlacional, la muestra estuvo conformada por 48 participantes, 45.8% de sexo femenino y 54.2% de sexo masculino, con edad promedio de 9.5 años, se utilizo como herramientas de evaluación la prueba de imaginación creativa (PIC), la evaluación neuropsicológica infantil, el TMT A y B, el prorrateo para el WISC-IV y el Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL)-4/18. Los resultados evidenciaron que, a excepción de la correlación entre TMT B y Creatividad total, todas las correlaciones expuestas fueron positivas. Así mismo, a excepción de las correlaciones entre Recobro Espontáneo y Creatividad Narrativa y, Fluidez Verbal y Originalidad Narrativa donde el coeficiente de correlación fue bajo, las demás tuvieron un coeficiente de correlación moderado. Los resultados se discuten a la luz de la literatura científica sobre el tema.
Efficient and sustainable extraction of uranium from aquatic solution using biowaste-derived active carbon
Authors: Ahmad Ashfaq , Khan Salah Ud-Din , Khan Rawaiz , Haneklaus Nils
Published: December 2023

Efficient and cost-effective biosorbents derived from biowaste are highly demanding to handle various environmental challenges, and demonstrate the remarkable synergy between sustainability and innovation. In this study, the extraction of uranium U(VI) was investigated on biowaste activated carbon (BAC) obtained by chemical activation (phosphoric acid) using Albizia Lebbeck pods as biowaste. The biowaste powder (BP), biowaste charcoal (BC) and BAC were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) with nitrogen adsorption for thermal properties, chemical structures, porosity and surface area, respectively. The pHPZC for acidic or basic nature of the surface and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis were performed for BAC. The morphological and elemental analysis were performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). The extraction of uranium U(VI) ions from aqueous solutions using BAC as sorbent was investigated by using different variables such as pH, contact time, initial uranium U(VI) concentration and BAC dose. The highest adsorption (90.60% was achieved at 0.5 g BAC dose, 2 h contact time, pH 6, 10 ppm initial U(VI) concentration and with 200 rpm shaking speeds. The production of this efficient adsorbent from biowaste could be a potential step forward in adsorption of uranium to meet the high demand of uranium for nuclear energy applications.
Exploring the mechanisms of host-specificity of a hyperparasitic bacterium (Pasteuria spp.) with potential to control tropical root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.): insights from Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Davies Keith G. , Mohan Sharad , Phani Victor , Srivastava Arohi
Published: December 2023

Plant-parasitic nematodes are important economic pests of a range of tropical crops. Strategies for managing these pests have relied on a range of approaches, including crop rotation, the utilization of genetic resistance, cultural techniques, and since the 1950’s the use of nematicides. Although nematicides have been hugely successful in controlling nematodes, their toxicity to humans, domestic animals, beneficial organisms, and the environment has raised concerns regarding their use. Alternatives are therefore being sought. The Pasteuria group of bacteria that form endospores has generated much interest among companies wanting to develop microbial biocontrol products. A major challenge in developing these bacteria as biocontrol agents is their host-specificity; one population of the bacterium can attach to and infect one population of plant-parasitic nematode but not another of the same species. Here we will review the mechanism by which infection is initiated with the adhesion of endospores to the nematode cuticle. To understand the genetics of the molecular processes between Pasteuria endospores and the nematode cuticle, the review focuses on the nature of the bacterial adhesins and how they interact with the nematode cuticle receptors by exploiting new insights gained from studies of bacterial infections of Carnorhabditis elegans. A new Velcro-like multiple adhesin model is proposed in which the cuticle surface coat, which has an important role in endospore adhesion, is a complex extracellular matrix containing glycans originating in seam cells. The genes associated with these seam cells appear to have a dual role by retaining some characteristics of stem cells.
The end of the game: emotional responses of older adults to climate crisis and climate mobilizations in Switzerland
Authors: Grand Jérôme
Published: December 2023

Introduction

In relation to climate change activism and climate emotions, the youth has captured most of the attention of researchers. This article draws on in-depth face-to-face interviews with people aged 64 and over engaged in pro-environmental behaviors in Switzerland.

Methods

Through a thematic analysis, we identify eight themes on positive and negative mental states related to the climate crisis and climate-related mobilizations.

Results

The qualitative sample shows that older people engage in pro-environmental behaviors, not out of fear of losing access to vital resources, but out of concern for future generations, humanity, and nature. This broad sense of morality is associated with a form of anger for a world that refuses to change.

Discussion

Between generations, emotions vary in intensity but not in nature, and the strategies older adults undertake to mitigate their negative emotions are similar to the strategies mobilized by youth activists. In both cases, anger and fear are powerful negative emotions, and the pleasure, joy, and hope of protesting with like-minded others is a kind of remedy. Older people just face very different constraints and undertake actions that are compatible with their physical and cognitive capacities.
The role of palaeoecology in reconciling biodiversity conservation, livelihoods and carbon storage in Madagascar
Authors: Gillson Lindsey , Razanatsoa Estelle , Razafimanantsoa Andriantsilavo Hery Isandratana , Virah-Sawmy Malika , Ekblom Anneli
Published: December 2023

Planting trees is proposed as an important climate mitigation tool, but can be detrimental to biodiversity and livelihoods if not carefully planned and managed, with landscape history and livelihoods in mind. In Madagascar, deforestation is of concern, and a threat to forest-adapted biota. However, much of Madagascar’s landscape harbours ancient mosaic and open ecosystems that are home to unique suites of flora and fauna and provide a wide range of ecosystem services. Though guidelines for ecologically and socially responsible reforestation are emerging, the potential role of landscape history and palaeoecology has been generally underemphasised. Here, using Madagascar as a case study, we argue that forest restoration projects need a sound understanding of landscape history that includes a greater integration of palaeoecological data. This would help establish the former composition and extent of forests and also investigate the antiquity of open and mosaic ecosystems. When economic interests are strong, information from palaeoecology and environmental history can help reduce biases when identifying appropriate locations and suites of species for forestation. Furthermore, a reflective approach to landscape history can contribute to restoration projects that integrate cultural and livelihood considerations. A transdisciplinary approach that considers local needs and cultural context can facilitate the design and implementation of restoration projects that share benefits equitably. Underpinning this ambition is a more comprehensive consideration of ecosystem service benefits in a changing climate that includes accurate carbon storage calculations, as well as other ecosystem services including water provision, soil formation and erosion prevention, grazing resources, medicine and cultural components.
Case Report: Surgical management of idiopathic pulmonary aneurysms and review surgical approaches
Authors: Wu Kui , Fan Xuan , Hu Xuanyi , Li Xuejun , Yang Siyuan
Published: December 2023

Idiopathic pulmonary aneurysm is a clinically rare condition characterized by an unknown etiology and episodic occurrence. Despite its rarity, idiopathic pulmonary artery aneurysm poses potential risks to patients. Currently, there is a lack of established clinical guidelines and consensus regarding its management, leading to ongoing controversies in treatment strategies. Particularly, the optimal approach for addressing the main pulmonary artery, its branches, and the pulmonary artery valve remains uncertain. A 57-year-old female patient presented with chest pain and tightness, leading to the diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary artery aneurysm after excluding other potential causes. Subsequently, she underwent surgical treatment. However, during the surgery, the pulmonary artery wall was found to be extremely weak, prompting us to employ a surgical approach involving the utilization of autologous vessel wrapping with artificial grafts. By summarizing almost all surgical treatment strategies reported in recent years, including the management of pulmonary artery vessels and the pulmonary valve, we have developed a treatment flow chart. This flowchart serves as a valuable guide for the management of future cases presenting similar challenges, offering clinicians valuable insights and evidence-based recommendations.
Lichen planus of the esophagus: a case report
Authors: Guarner Elvira , Mohamed Fatimetu , Busquets David , Negro Begoña Fuertes , Ortiz Rosa , Oliveras Berta , Huertas Carlos , López Carme
Published: December 2023

Esophageal lichen planus (ELP) is an inflammatory disorder that affects the skin, cutaneous appendages and mucous membranes. The esophageal involvement is rare. We present the case of a 70-year-old woman with years of dysphagia and a history of erosive lichen planus involving the vulva, vagina, gingiva, and skin, who was eventually diagnosed with esophageal lichen planus. The patient's condition was refractory and progressed to the development of intraepithelial squamous neoplasia. We reviewed the literature on this condition.
Post-COVID changes in lung function 6 months after veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a prospective observational clinical trial
Authors: Pálfi Alexandra , Balogh Ádám L. , Polónyi Gabriella , Schulcz Domonkos , Zöllei Éva , Bari Gábor , Fodor Gergely H. , Baráth Kristóf , Somfay Attila , Peták Ferenc , Babik Barna
Published: December 2023

Background

Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may require veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO). While V-V ECMO is offered in severe lung injury to COVID-19, long-term respiratory follow-up in these patients is missing. Therefore, we aimed at providing comprehensive data on the long-term respiratory effects of COVID-19 requiring V-V ECMO support during the acute phase of infection.

Methods

In prospective observational cohort study design, patients with severe COVID-19 receiving invasive mechanical ventilation and V-V ECMO (COVID group, n = 9) and healthy matched controls (n = 9) were evaluated 6 months after hospital discharge. Respiratory system resistance at 5 and 19 Hz (R5, R19), and the area under the reactance curve (AX5) was evaluated using oscillometry characterizing total and central airway resistances, and tissue elasticity, respectively. R5 and R19 difference (R5–R19) reflecting small airway function was also calculated. Forced expired volume in seconds (FEV1), forced expiratory vital capacity (FVC), functional residual capacity (FRC), carbon monoxide diffusion capacity (DLCO) and transfer coefficient (KCO) were measured.

Results

The COVID group had a higher AX5 and R5–R19 than the healthy matched control group. However, there was no significant difference in terms of R5 or R19. The COVID group had a lower FEV1 and FVC on spirometry than the healthy matched control group. Further, the COVID group had a lower FRC on plethysmography than the healthy matched control group. Meanwhile, the COVID group had a lower DLCO than healthy matched control group. Nevertheless, its KCO was within the normal range.

Conclusion

Severe acute COVID-19 requiring V-V ECMO persistently impairs small airway function and reduces respiratory tissue elasticity, primarily attributed to lung restriction. These findings also suggest that even severe pulmonary pathologies of acute COVID-19 can manifest in a moderate but still persistent lung function impairment 6 months after hospital discharge.

Trial registration

NCT05812196.
Electroacupuncture for relieving itching in atopic eczema: study protocol for a multicenter, randomized, sham-controlled trial
Authors: Wang Si-han , Liang Rui-long , Yang Han , Cai Xiao-ce , Wang Jiao , Sun Xiao-ying , Chen Jia-le , Wang Chun-xiao , Jiang Wen-cheng , Li Xin
Published: December 2023

Background

Atopic eczema (AE) is a common atopic inflammatory skin disease affecting 2.1–4.9% of the population in different countries. Pruritus, one of the most burdensome symptoms, is often underestimated for the problems it can cause, creating a vicious loop of itching, scratching, and lichenification. Therefore, further research into practical and safe treatments that relieve itchy symptoms and enhance skin protection is key to overcoming AE. Acupuncture, with or without electrical stimulation, is one of the most commonly used therapeutic measures to treat AE. This trial aimed to objectively evaluate the efficacy and safety of the electroacupuncture (EA) antipruritic technique in AE pruritus and obtain high-level clinical evidence for the popularization and application of EA for AE.

Methods and analysis

This multicenter, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial is planned to transpire from April 15, 2023, to June 30, 2025. We will recruit 132 participants with AE (44 per group). Participants will be assigned randomly to three equal-sized groups: EA, sham electroacupuncture, and sham acupuncture. Treatment will be administered three times a week during the 2-week intervention phase. The primary outcome measure is the Visual Analog Scale, with a numeric rating scale to evaluate pruritus. Secondary outcome measures include the Eczema Area and Severity Index and Dermatology Life Quality Index. Other outcome measures include physical examination, serum IgE, and safety evaluation. The number, nature, and severity of adverse events will be carefully recorded.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov, 22Y11922200. Registered 3 September 2022, https://register.clinicaltrials.gov.
Molecular biology of canine parainfluenza virus V protein and its potential applications in tumor immunotherapy
Authors: Cheng Huai , Zhang Hewei , Cai Huanchang , Liu Min , Wen Shubo , Ren Jingqiang
Published: December 2023

Canine parainfluenza virus (CPIV) is a zoonotic virus that is widely distributed and is the main pathogen causing canine infectious respiratory disease (CIRD), also known as “kennel cough,” in dogs. The CPIV-V protein is the only nonstructural protein of the virus and plays an important role in multiple stages of the virus life cycle by inhibiting apoptosis, altering the host cell cycle and interfering with the interferon response. In addition, studies have shown that the V protein has potential applications in the field of immunotherapy in oncolytic virus therapy or self-amplifying RNA vaccines. In this review, the biosynthesis, structural characteristics and functions of the CPIV-V protein are reviewed with an emphasis on how it facilitates viral immune escape and its potential applications in the field of immunotherapy. Therefore, this review provides a scientific basis for research into the CPIV-V protein and its potential applications.
The domestication of SARS-CoV-2 into a seasonal infection by viral variants
Authors: McClelland Ryley D. , Lin Yi-Chan James , Culp Tyce N. , Noyce Ryan , Evans David , Hobman Tom C. , Meier-Stephenson Vanessa , Marchant David J.
Published: December 2023

Introduction

The COVID-19 pandemic was caused by the zoonotic betacoronavirus SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 variants have emerged due to adaptation in humans, shifting SARS-CoV-2 towards an endemic seasonal virus. We have termed this process ‘virus domestication’.

Methods

We analyzed aggregate COVID-19 data from a publicly funded healthcare system in Canada from March 7, 2020 to November 21, 2022. We graphed surrogate calculations of COVID-19 disease severity and SARS-CoV-2 variant plaque sizes in tissue culture.

Results and Discussion

Mutations in SARS-CoV-2 adapt the virus to better infect humans and evade the host immune response, resulting in the emergence of variants with altered pathogenicity. We observed a decrease in COVID-19 disease severity surrogates after the arrival of the Delta variant, coinciding with significantly smaller plaque sizes. Overall, we suggest that SARS-CoV-2 has become more infectious and less virulent through viral domestication. Our findings highlight the importance of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and help inform public policy on the highest probability outcomes during viral pandemics.
Developing a novel selection method for alcoholic fermentation starters by exploring wine yeast microbiota from Greece
Authors: Tzamourani Aikaterini P. , Taliadouros Vasileios , Paraskevopoulos Ioannis , Dimopoulou Maria
Published: December 2023

The selection of native yeast for alcoholic fermentation in wine focuses on ensuring the success of the process and promoting the quality of the final product. The purpose of this study was firstly to create a large collection of new yeast isolates and categorize them based on their oenological potential. Additionally, the geographical distribution of the most dominant species, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, was further explored. Towards this direction, fourteen spontaneously fermented wines from different regions of Greece were collected for yeast typing. The yeast isolates were subjected in molecular analyses and identification at species level. RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) genomic fingerprinting with the oligo-nucleotide primer M13 was used, combined with Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization–Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) technique. All yeast isolates were scrutinized for their sensitivity to killer toxin, production of non-desirable metabolites such as acetic acid and H2S, β-glucosidase production and resistance to the antimicrobial agent; SO2. In parallel, S. cerevisiae isolates were typed at strain level by interdelta – PCR genomic fingerprinting. S. cerevisiae strains were examined for their fermentative capacity in laboratory scale fermentation on pasteurized grape must. Glucose and fructose consumption was monitored daily and at the final point a free sorting task was conducted to categorize the samples according to their organoleptic profile. According to our results, among the 190 isolates, S. cerevisiae was the most dominant species while some less common non-Saccharomyces species such as Trigonopsis californica, Priceomyces carsonii, Zygosaccharomyces bailii, Brettanomyces bruxellensis and Pichia manshurica were identified in minor abundancies. According to phenotypic typing, most isolates were neutral to killer toxin test and exhibited low acetic acid production. Hierarchical Cluster Analysis revealed the presence of four yeast groups based on phenotypic fingerprinting. Strain level typing reported 20 different S. cerevisiae strains from which 65% indicated fermentative capacity and led to dry wines. Sensory evaluation results clearly discriminated the produced wines and consequently, the proposed yeast categorization was confirmed. A novel approach that employs biostatistical tools for a rapid screening and classification of indigenous wine yeasts with oenological potential, allowing a more efficient preliminary selection or rejection of isolates is proposed.
Comparison of the response of microbial communities to region and rootstock disease differences in tobacco soils of southwestern China
Authors: Yi Kai , Li Zhenquan , Shang Deshuang , Zhang Chunguang , Li Molun , Lin Dengzheng , Wang Shihai , Sun Jianbin , Wang Wei , Yang Xiaoqian , Wang Yiming
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Soil microorganisms are essential for crop growth and production as part of soil health. However, our current knowledge of microbial communities in tobacco soils and their impact factors is limited.

Methods

In this study, we compared the characterization of bacterial and fungal communities in tobacco soils and their response to regional and rootstock disease differences.

Results and discussion

The results showed that the diversity and composition of bacterial and fungal communities responded more strongly to regional differences than to rootstock diseases, while bacterial niche breadth was more sensitive than fungi to regional differences. Similarly, the core bacterial and fungal taxa shared by the three regions accounted for 21.73% and 20.62% of all OTUs, respectively, which was much lower than that shared by RD and NRD in each region, ranging from 44.87% to 62.14%. Meanwhile, the differences in topological characteristics, connectivity, and stability of microbial networks in different regions also verified the high responsiveness of microbial communities to regions. However, rootstock diseases had a more direct effect on fungal communities than regional differences.

Conclusion

This provided insight into the interactions between microbial communities, regional differences, and rootstock diseases, with important implications for maintaining soil health and improving tobacco yield and quality.
Brain changes: aerobic exercise for traumatic brain injury rehabilitation
Authors: Snowden Taylor , Morrison Jamie , Boerstra Meike , Eyolfson Eric , Acosta Crystal , Grafe Erin , Reid Hannah , Brand Justin , Galati Matthew , Gargaro Judith , Christie Brian R.
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) accounts for millions of hospitalizations and deaths worldwide. Aerobic exercise is an easily implementable, non-pharmacological intervention to treat TBI, however, there are no clear guidelines for how to best implement aerobic exercise treatment for TBI survivors across age and injury severity.

Methods

We conducted a PRISMA-ScR to examine research on exercise interventions following TBI in children, youth and adults, spanning mild to severe TBI. Three electronic databases (PubMed, PsycInfo, and Web of Science) were searched systematically by two authors, using keywords delineated from “Traumatic Brain Injury,” “Aerobic Exercise,” and “Intervention.”

Results

Of the 415 papers originally identified from the search terms, 54 papers met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. The papers were first grouped by participants’ injury severity, and subdivided based on age at intervention, and time since injury where appropriate.

Discussion

Aerobic exercise is a promising intervention for adolescent and adult TBI survivors, regardless of injury severity. However, research examining the benefits of post-injury aerobic exercise for children and older adults is lacking.