bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Restorative Justice for Juvenile Drugs Use in Indonesian Court: A Criminological Approach
Authors: Supaat Dina Imam
Published: February 2023

In Indonesia there are still many children who have been sentenced after the enactment of the Law on the Juvenile Criminal Justice System and other regulations. A question arises as to whether there are any obstacles in the application of Supreme CourtRegulation (PERMA) Number 4 of 2014. This paper reviews restorative justice for criminal juvenile drug use users. The method used in this research is a normative juridical approach using a case approach and a statute approach where the research is carried out by examining library materials which are secondary data. The results of the study show that PERMA Number 4 of 2014 regulates diversion against children whose charges are in the form of subsidiary, alternative, cumulative, or combination (combined). One of which is punishable by under 7 (seven) years in prison. Furthermore, PERMA No. 4 of 2014 has not fully provided legal protection for children, especially perpetrators of drug use crimes, so that PERMA needs further regulation in accordance with the provisions to avoid contradictions. Therefore, there is a need for consolidation between law enforcers to formulate legal certainty from the juvenile justice system.
Micro Plastic Pollution in Southasia: The Impact of Plastic Pollution over the Unsustainable Development Goals
Authors: Rifa Tasfiea , Hossain Mohammad Belayet
Published: February 2023

Abstract.

One of the most pressing environmental issues facing the world right now is plastic waste. Once in the environment, plastics continuously degrade into microplastics, which are fragments of plastic. There are more national and international promises to reduce microplastic pollution as the world's plastic production rises. National governments are increasingly banning single-use plastic products or imposing taxes on them. Consider the UN Sustainable Development Goals, the UN Environment Assembly Resolutions on Marine Litter and Microplastics, and Addressing Single-Use Plastic Products Pollution as examples of these commitments. In 2015, the UN announced the adoption of 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In an effort to increase their sustainability, the SDGs have been extensively adopted by governments and businesses. There are 17 SDGs, comprising 169 targets, which are measurable against 247 unique indicators but there is only one indicator under Goal 14, specifically related to reducing impacts from microplastics. There are various international and regional legal policies which have provisions that indicate plastic pollution but none of them have mentioned microplastic pollution. There are some recent national legislations regarding microplastic pollution. This paper briefly discusses the concept of microplastics and the situation of microplastics pollution in selected South Asian countries including India, Bangladesh, Maldives, Sri Lanka and Pakistan. There is a brief overview of international and regional legal policies along with litigations are cultivated in this paper. The paper also analyzes the impact of plastic pollution over The Un Sustainable Development Goals.

 

Abstrak.

Salah satu masalah lingkungan paling mendesak yang dihadapi dunia saat ini adalah sampah plastik. Begitu berada di lingkungan, plastik terus terdegradasi menjadi mikroplastik, yang merupakan pecahan plastik. Ada lebih banyak janji nasional dan internasional untuk mengurangi polusi mikroplastik saat produksi plastik dunia meningkat. Pemerintah nasional semakin melarang produk plastik sekali pakai atau mengenakan pajak pada mereka. Pertimbangkan Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan PBB, Resolusi Majelis Lingkungan PBB tentang Sampah Laut dan Mikroplastik, dan Mengatasi Polusi Produk Plastik Sekali Pakai sebagai contoh dari komitmen ini. Pada 2015, PBB mengumumkan adopsi 17 Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan (SDGs). Dalam upaya meningkatkan keberlanjutannya, SDGs telah diadopsi secara luas oleh pemerintah dan bisnis. Ada 17 SDGs, yang terdiri dari 169 target, yang dapat diukur dengan 247 indikator unik, tetapi hanya ada satu indikator di bawah Tujuan 14, khususnya terkait pengurangan dampak mikroplastik. Terdapat berbagai kebijakan hukum internasional dan regional yang memiliki ketentuan yang mengindikasikan pencemaran plastik namun belum ada satupun yang menyebutkan pencemaran mikroplastik. Ada beberapa undang-undang nasional baru-baru ini.
Effectiveness of Laws Related to Medical Negligence in Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Mohammad
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Medical negligence is a violation of the rights to health and life perpetrated by members of the medical professional group entrusted with preserving those rights. Because of increased issues related to medical negligence, numerous countries have introduced new legislation and established independent courts to enhance their healthcare laws. Sadly, medical negligence and malpractice are an issue in Bangladesh in the lack of elaborate or specific rules. In Bangladesh, many laws include numerous legal obligations for health professionals but are not adequately established. As a result, medical negligence and malpractice are causing substantial social consequences that neither the government nor the society expected or condoned. Given the problems and consequences, the goal of this study is to provide a depth elaboration of medical negligence, analyse the laws that currently exist in Bangladesh regarding medical negligence and identify the significant weaknesses in those laws, and, finally, make some recommendations for how Bangladesh can take practical steps toward preventing violations of patients’ rights to health care.

Abstrak

Kelalaian medis adalah pelanggaran terhadap hak atas kesehatan dan kehidupan yang dilakukan oleh anggota kelompok profesi medis yang dipercayakan untuk menjaga hak-hak tersebut. Karena meningkatnya masalah terkait kelalaian medis, banyak negara telah memperkenalkan undang-undang baru dan membentuk pengadilan independen untuk meningkatkan undang-undang perawatan kesehatan mereka. Sayangnya, kelalaian medis dan malpraktik menjadi masalah di Bangladesh karena kurangnya aturan yang rumit atau spesifik. Di Bangladesh, banyak undang-undang memasukkan banyak kewajiban hukum bagi profesional kesehatan tetapi tidak ditetapkan secara memadai. Akibatnya, kelalaian medis dan malpraktik menyebabkan konsekuensi sosial yang substansial yang tidak diharapkan atau dimaafkan oleh pemerintah maupun masyarakat. Mengingat masalah dan konsekuensinya, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan penjelasan mendalam tentang kelalaian medis, menganalisis undang-undang yang saat ini ada di Bangladesh mengenai kelalaian medis dan mengidentifikasi kelemahan signifikan dalam undang-undang tersebut, dan, akhirnya, membuat beberapa rekomendasi untuk bagaimana Bangladesh dapat mengambil langkah praktis untuk mencegah pelanggaran hak pasien atas perawatan kesehatan.
FROM GUIDES TO INTERPRETERS LESSONS FROM HERITAGE INTERPRETATION TRAINING IN TERNATE, NORTH MALUKU, INDONESIA
Authors: RW (Bill) Carter  , Roswita Aboe  , Rahula Perera  , Kris Syamsudin
Published: February 2023

With a perceived need to improve the interpretation quality of guiding in the 17th century Dutch-colonial Fort Oranje, six on-line workshops were conducted for professional guides and historical society members from Ternate, North Maluku. The workshops included sessions on historical context, fort features, guiding and interpretation good practice principles, tour planning and delivery. Self-assessment evaluations by participants revealed lack of confidence with their level of historical knowledge and in applying interpretive approaches that would enhance a tour of the fort more enjoyable and meaningful for tourists. Limitations of the on-line medium for training were identified by presenters relating to the need for practical on-site tutoring and integration of historical context and content with places, interpretive principles, and visitor expectations. Exposure of participants to novel ideas and approaches to guiding was constrained by language, participant experience of quality interpretation, and face-to-face mentoring. While the content of the training program can be adapted for improving interpretive guiding in geoparks, there is probably value in some restructuring to include a two-stage process that starts with training-of-trainers.
Avoiding uncertainty, consumer ethnocentrism and xenocentrism, the image of the country of origin, as determinants of acceptance of foreign brands
Authors: Zdravković Stefan
Published: February 2023

The process of globalization and integration of the world market have led to the liberalized foreign trade of goods and services. The development of information technologies and traffic networks has made it easier for companies to internationalize their business. For successful and profitabile business, it is necessary to research the foreign market in which the company wants to appear and place its brands, because in that way information is collected that is necessary for formulating an adequate marketing strategy. Consumer decision to accept foreign brands is influenced by a number of determinants. The aim of the paper is to determine whether the avoidance of uncertainty as a dimension of national culture, consumer ethnocentrism and xenocentrism, as well as the image of the country of origin have an impact on consumer’s decision to accept foreign brands. Empirical research was conducted using a survey method on the territory of the Republic of Serbia (Belgrade, Kragujevac), and the answers received from the respondents were analyzed through the statistical software of the SPSS. The total number of respondents in the sample is 255. Of the statistical analyzes, reliability analysis was applied to examine the relationship between research variables and the relevance of the research model, as well as multiple regression analysis to confirm research hypotheses. The results showed that avoidance of uncertainty and consumer ethnocentrism have a negative impact, and consumer xenocentrism and the image of the country of origin have a positive impact, on the decision of consumers to accept foreing brands.
Fertility and economic growth of selected transition countries
Authors: Despotović Danijela , Kostić Vladimir , Kostić Aleksandar , Nedić Vladimir
Published: February 2023

The paper investigates the impact of total fertility rate as one of the basic demographic variables on economic growth per capita concerning six selected transition countries (including the five countries of the Western Balkans: Serbia, Bosnia & Herzegovina, North Macedonia, Albania, Montenegro, and Croatia as a member of the European Union), from 2000 to 2018. The fundamental idea of the research is the view discussed in the recent literature and it concerns the reduction of the total fertility rate as a burning problem of a large number of developed modern economies. Inspired by the question of whether such an attitude is relevant for a group of small European transition countries, an econometric model was constructed, as a framework for the application of statistical analysis of multiple regression. The results of empirical research showed that if the rate of total fertility increased by 0.1% in one of the analyzed countries, the GDP growth rate per capita for this country would fall by 0.53 percentage points in the same year of the period under review.
The impact of quality improvement on the innovative operation of SMEs
Authors: Cvjetkovic Milena , Cvjetković Milovan , Josimović Milica
Published: February 2023

The SME sector plays an important role in a country's economic growth and development. In order for these companies to develop successfully, the support of the state is necessary, but certainly their own efforts invested in improving knowledge and innovative solutions. The presented research aimed at determining the impact of quality improvement on the innovative performance of small and medium enterprises. The research included a sample of 295 small and medium enterprises that have implemented the ISO 9000 standard in their operations. Correlation analysis determined that there are statistically significant relationships between the variables of quality improvement and the variables of innovative action. The regression model showed that the greatest individual contribution to the achievement of innovative action was made by the variables management of mutual relations, decision-making based on facts and continuous improvement. Improving quality and developing innovation should enable the SME sector to build its competitive advantage in the market.
Uticaj zelene interne komunikacije na zadovoljstvo zaposlenih
Authors: Milanović Vesna , Bačulina Matić Andrea , Jurčić Ana
Published: February 2023

Zadovoljniji zaposleni vode zadovoljnijim potrošačima i boljim performansama organizacije. Zbog toga, uspešne organizacije stalno traže nove načine da poboljšaju zadovoljstvo zaposlenih. Jedan od njih je zelena interna komunikacija, posmatrana iz perspektive internog zelenog marketinga. Kako nedostaju empirijska istraživanja u ovom području, u ovom radu se ispituje uticaj zelene interne komunikacije na zadovoljstvo zaposlenih. Za potrebe rada, prikupljeni su podaci od 177 zaposlenih u različitim organizacijama Republike Srbije. U svrhu  testiranja pretpostavke, primenjena je korelaciono-regresiona analiza. Rezultati su pokazali pozitivan, direktan i značajan uticaj zelene interne komunikacije na zadovoljstvo zaposlenih. Ovim radom se doprinosi boljem razumevanju uloge zelene interne komunikacije u konceptu internog zelenog marketinga i njenog uticaja na zadovoljstvo zaposlenih. Rezultati mogu biti od koristi menadžerima u razvoju zelenih internih komunikacija sa svrhom širenja zelene vrednosti organizacije i poboljšanja zadovoljstva zaposlenih.
Zadovoljstvo i nezadovoljstvo gostiju u hotelima u Vrnjačkoj Banji: Analiza stanja tokom pandemije COVID-19
Authors: Čelić Iren , Seočanac Marijana , Milašinović Marko , Milojević Stefan
Published: February 2023

Razvoj domaćeg turizma se označava kao jedna od pozitivnih promena nastalih usled pandemije korona virusa. Uvek popularne banjske destinacije Srbije postaju sve više posećene. Shodno tome, neophodno je utvrditi koji faktori dovode do zadovoljstva odnosno nezadovoljstva domaćih gostiju u hotelima. U ovom radu biće ispitano zadovoljstvo i nezadovoljstvo gostiju hotela koji su svoja iskustva iznosili putem recenzija na platformi Booking.com. Uzorak su činili gosti hotela u Vrnjačkoj Banji, jer se ova destinacija izdvaja kao najposećenija tokom pandemije korona virusa u Srbiji. Tokom avgusta 2021. godine prikupljeno je ukupno 533 recenzija domaćih turista, a analiza dobijenih podataka izvršena je uz pomoć paketa za društvene nauke SPSS 20 i RapidMiner softvera za rudarenje podatakа. Analiza rezultata otkrila je da ukupno 8 faktora utiče na zadovoljstvo gostiju u hotelima tokom pandemije korona virusa, dok je na nezadovoljstvo uticalo ukupno 5 faktora. Dobijeni rezultati će pomoći menadžerima hotela da kreiraju adekvatne strategije za unapređenje onih faktora koji su izvor nezadovoljstva gostiju poput pružene usluge, opremljenosti soba ili dodatnih sadržaja.
Rodni jaz kao prepreka razvoju ženskog preduzetništva u Crnoj Gori
Authors: Vujović Sonja , Vujović Tanja
Published: February 2023

Rodne nejednakosti, kao produkt širokog spektra duboko ukorenjenih i nasleđenih rodnih stereotipa i predrasuda, mogu se označiti ključnim generatorom nepovoljnih preduslova za razvoj ženskog preduzetništva u Crnoj Gori. Upravo je cilj ove studije da se analitičko deskriptivnim prikazom zasnovanim na zvaničnim podacima, etnografskim zapisima i istraživanjima Evropskog instituta za rodnu ravnopravnost ilustruje položaj žene u crnogorskom društvu, oblikovan patrilinearnim sistemom srodstva i „pravilima” postojane patrijarhalne matrice rodnih odnosa u privatnoj i javnoj sferi života. U studiji se do određenih zaključaka došlo na osnovu sprovedenog sekundarnog istraživanja baziranom na proceni nacionalnog normativnog i institucionalnog okvira za razvoj ženskog preduzetništva u Crnoj Gori, postojećih strateških dokumenata, kao i na analizi dostupnih vidova podrške i pomoći ženama preduzetnicama u smislu olakšanog pristupa know-how-u i izvorima finansiranja. Autor naglašava potrebu promene tradicionalne percepcije i kreiranja svesti na nacionalnom nivou o ekonomskoj vrednosti ženskog preduzetništva kao bitnom i nedovoljno iskorišćenom potencijalu za izgradnju prosperitetnog društva i intenzivnijeg privrednog razvoja zemlje. Predstavljena su ograničenja istraživanja i date preporuke za stvaranje uslova u društvu i na tržištu rada za evoluciju ženskog preduzetništva u Crnoj Gori od socijalne ka ekonomskoj kategoriji.
An analytical approach for free vibration analysis of Euler-Bernoulli stepped beams with axial-bending coupling effect
Authors: Šalinić Slaviša , Todorović Marko , Obradović Aleksandar
Published: February 2023

Free vibration of eccentrically stepped beams with one step change in cross-section is considered. It is assumed that the longitudinal symmetry axes of the beam segments are translationally shifted along the vertical direction with respect to each other. The effect of that arrangement of the segments on the coupling of axial and bending vibrations of the stepped beam is analyzed. The beam segments are modeled in the frame of the Euler-Bernoulli theory of elastic beams. Two numerical examples are presented.
Evaluating the operation performance of the Serbian transport Freight system by using multiple criteria decision-making technique
Authors: Petrović Nikola , Jovanović Vesna , Petrović Marijana , Nikolić Boban , Pavlović Jovan
Published: February 2023

Freight transport is a composite dynamic system that forms the unity of the infrastructure, vehicles, and personnel and which has its purpose or aim. Evaluating operation performance for freight transport systems is important for the government, companies, and users. This paper will use one of the most famous Multiple Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) techniques to assess the operational performance of freight transport systems. At beginning, the authors will create the evaluation indicator system based on official data with four basic indicators and two sub-indicators for freight transport. These operational data/indicators represent the input of the chosen MCDM method. After that, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method will use to calculate the indicator and sub-indicators weight and also will use to calculate the universal evaluate values and rankings of each transport mode performance. The Serbian freight transport system for the 2021st year will be selected as a case study for testing the AHP method within the MCDM approach; the associated suggestions to freight transport will also be given.
Classification methods for handwritten digit recognition: A survey
Authors: Tuba Ira , Tuba Una , Veinović Mladen
Published: February 2023

Introduction/purpose: This paper provides a survey of handwritten digit recognition methods tested on the MNIST dataset. Methods: The paper analyzes, synthesizes and compares the development of different classifiers applied to the handwritten digit recognition problem, from linear classifiers to convolutional neural networks. Results: Handwritten digit recognition classification accuracy tested on the MNIST dataset while using training and testing sets is now higher than 99.5% and the most successful method is a convolutional neural network. Conclusions: Handwritten digit recognition is a problem with numerous real-life applications. Accurate recognition of various handwriting styles, specifically digits is a task studied for decades and this paper summarizes the achieved results. The best results have been achieved with convolutional neural networks while the worst methods are linear classifiers. The convolutional neural networks give better results if the dataset is expended with data augmentation.
A comprehensive study of EEG-based control of artificial arms
Authors: Satam Ihab
Published: February 2023

Introduction/purpose: The electroencephalography (EEG) signal has a great impact on the development of prosthetic arm control technology. EEG signals are used as the main tool in functional investigations of human motion. The study of controlling prosthetic arms using brain signals is still in its early stages. Brain wave-controlled prosthetic arms have attracted researchers' attention in the last few years. Methods: Several studies have been carried out to systematically review published articles as a means of offering researchers and experts a comprehensive summary of the present, state-of-the-art EEG-based control techniques used in the prosthetic arm and other technologies. Results: 175 articles were studied, compared, and filtered to only include the articles that have strong connections to the study. Conclusion: This study has three goals. The first one is to gather, summarize, and evaluate information from the studies published between 2011 and 2022. The second goal is to extensively report on the holistic, experimental outcomes of this domain in relation to current research. It is systematically performed to provide a wealthy image and grounded evidence of the current state of research covering EEG-based control of prosthetic arms to all experts and scientists. The third goal is to recognize the gap in knowledge that demands further investigation and to recommend directions for future research in this area.
Microalgal Technology for Municipal Wastewater Post-treatment
Authors:   , Lavrinovičs Aigars
Published: February 2023

The Thesis demonstrates the potential of enhanced phosphorus removal from municipal wastewater using microalgal biomass exposed to phosphorus deficiency conditions. The study focuses on identification of appropriate microalgal species for production in municipal wastewater after P-starvation, developing a reliable P-starvation technique and identifying indicators for phosphorus deficiency status quantification. Further, the optimum initial conditions for rapid phosphorus removal and valuable algal biomass production have been identified and verified during a continuous process in a sequencing batch photobioreactor. The author of this study shows that the results from batch experiments and optimization model validation in sequencing batch photobioreactor have provided knowledge that can be used for existing industrial scale microalgae cultivation systems as well as for microalgal based wastewater treatment system development.
Three-dimensional ultrafast ultrasound imaging of blood flow using row-column addressing array: A simulation study
Authors: Fu Ya-Peng , Sun Qian-Dong , Li Bo-Yi , Ta De-An , Xu Kai-Liang ,   Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China,   State Key Laboratory of Integrated Chips and Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China,   Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
Published: February 2023

Three-dimensional (3D) ultrafast imaging is important for ultrasound technology development. The traditional 3D imaging method based on fully sampled two-dimensional (2D) matrix often requires a large number of electronic channels with high density which limits the aperture size and imaging resolution in application. Recently developed row-column addressing (RCA) matrix effectively reduces the number of electronic channels from N × N to N + N by addressing the row and column elements. The beamforming strategy designed for 3D ultrasound imaging was based on the coherent compounding of orthogonal plane waves (OPW). Such a multi-angle OPW compounding strategy achieves virtual transmit focusing in both directions by transmitting a set of plane waves in one direction and receiving along the orthogonal direction, which finally leads to an isotropic point spread function (PSF). In this paper, multi-angle OPW method was investigated for 3D blood flow imaging using an RCA matrix with 128 rows and 128 columns, centered at 6 MHz. The delay and sum (DAS) beamforming was developed for coherent OPW compounding, and the singular value decomposition (SVD) filtering method was used for separating the dynamic blood flow signals from the static tissue signals and low-amplitude noise. The Doppler velocity was computed by the autocorrelation method, and finally the 3D power Doppler and color Doppler imaging of the blood flow were realized. To evaluate the imaging quality and investigate the effect of different OPW tilting angles, quantitative analysis was carried out using multiple parameters, including –6 dB resolution measurements of the PSF, SNR of the power Doppler images and velocity distribution of the color Doppler. The –6 dB resolution is improved from 0.986 mm to 0.493 mm with the number of angles increasing from 5 to 33. With 17 plane wave angles, the SNR of the power Doppler image reaches 30 dB, and the average deviation between the velocity distribution along the diameter of the blood flow phantom and the actual value is about 26.0%. In conclusion, results show that the ultrafast 3D imaging method based on RCA matrix can obtain 3D B-mode, power Doppler and color Doppler images. Increasing the number of tilting angles and enlarging the angle range can significantly improve the imaging quality. The proposed method can be helpful for developing 3D ultrafast ultrasound Doppler imaging and functional ultrasound imaging based on neuro-vascular coupling.
Active tuning hBN phonon polaritons and spontaneous emission rates based on VO2 and graphene
Authors: Zhou Kun , Ma Hao-Yue , Sun Xi-Xian , Wu Xiao-Hu ,   School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China,   Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology, Jinan 250100, China
Published: February 2023

Active tunability of phonon dispersion and spontaneous emission (SE) are still open problems due to their exciting potential applications. In view of the fact that polaritons are very sensitive to the dielectric environment, in this study, with the help of the differences in optical property between the phase change material vanadium dioxide (VO2) during the phase transition from the insulating state to metallic state and the tunable surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in graphene, a heterostructure composed of hyperbolic material hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) and graphene and VO2 is proposed to investigate the active tunability of hBN phonon polaritons (PhPs). In order to illustrate the underlying physical mechanism of the above heterostructures, the dispersion distributions of the above heterostructures are calculated and represented by the imaginary part of the p-polarized Fresnel reflection coefficient of the heterostructure, meanwhile the dispersion relation of the hBN/VO2 heterostructure in hyperbolic region is verified by the quasi-static approximation method.

Results indicate that the active tunability of hBN PhPs inside type-I and type-II hyperbolic bands can be achieved by controlling VO2 phase transition in hBN/VO2 heterostructure. The PhP dispersion change of the hBN/VO2 heterostructure is mainly caused by the change of the VO2 dielectric function when VO2 substrate changes from the insulating state into metallic state, which affects the total Fresnel reflection coefficient of the heterostructure, finally resulting in the PhP dispersion change of hBN/VO2 heterostructure. When graphene is introduced into the hBN/VO2 heterostructure, coupled hyperbolic plasmon-phonon polaritons (HPPPs) are obtained within type-I and type-II hyperbolic band of hBN, while the surface plasmon-phonon polaritons (SPPPs) are generated outside its hyperbolic bands. Moreover, comparative analysis of SE rates is presented for a quantum emitter positioned with the hBN/VO2 and graphene/hBN/VO2 heterostructure, revealing that the SE rates of these heterostructures can be modulated by the passive means including changing the hBN thickness and distance between the dipole emitter and the proposed heterostructure, and also by the active means including tuning VO2 phase states and graphene chemical potential without changing structural configurations. This study provides a theoretical guidance in realizing active tunability of both phonon dispersion and SE rate of the natural or artificial anisotropic optical materials by using functional materials including phase change materials and graphene.
Research on variation test of atomic time based on pulsar observation
Authors: Han Meng-Na , Tong Ming-Lei ,   National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710600, China,   University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Published: February 2023

Pulsar time (PT) has high long-term stability, and its establishment process is completely different from that of atomic time (AT). Therefore, pulsar-based time scale can be used as an independent test for the fluctuation of atomic time scale. In this paper, the test results of the fluctuation of atomic time using pulsar time are presented in combination with the real clock difference data. In order to test the fluctuation of atomic time, the timing model parameters of four pulsars are used to simulate the pulse times of arrival (TOAs) data with TT(BIPM19) as the reference, and then the reference time is changed from TT(BIPM19) to TT(TAI). Based on this, the classical weighted average algorithm and the Wiener filtering algorithm are used to extract the variations of the atomic time relative to the pulsar time. The test results obtained by the two methods are compared, and it shows that the Wiener filtering algorithm is better than the weighted average algorithm for the extraction of the fluctuation of the atomic time. The wavelet threshold denoising method is added to the clock difference signal extracted by the Wiener filtering algorithm to deduct the high-frequency noise. After denoising, PT is closer to TT(BIPM19), which further improves the ability of PT to detect the fluctuation of AT. For the TOA measurement accuracy of 100 ns, the difference between PT and TT(BIPM19) can be kept roughly within 40 ns. This paper studies the method of further improving the accuracy of PT under the premise of given TOA measurement accuracy, which is of great significance for the next step to use PT for more effective application of time keeping.
Quench dynamics of a spin-orbital coupled Bose-Einstein condensate with nonlinear interactions
Authors: Wang Huan , He Xia-Yao , Li Shuai , Liu Bo ,   Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
Published: February 2023

In this work, we study the non-equilibrium quench dynamics from the superfluid stripe phase to the supersolid phase of a two dimensional spin-orbital coupled interacting Bose-Einstein condensate in the presence of a one dimensional optical lattice. The quench protocol here is constructed through varying the lattice depth linearly with the evolution time. By using the time-dependent Gutzwiller method, various physical quantities, such as the vortex number and the overlap of wave-function, have been investigated with respect to the quench time. Through analyzing the dynamical behavior of the above physical quantities, we find out the transition time of the quench procedure, which captures the freeze out time indicating the moment that the system catches the quench speed beginning to evolve quickly. Before the transition time, the dynamics is frozen and the state of the system cannot follow the changes in the Hamiltonian. While passing the transition time, we find that there are significant alterations to both the vortex number and the wave-function. At the transition time, on one hand the vortex number abruptly increases from zero; on the other hand the overlap of wave-function departures from 1 shortly. These signatures indicate that the system evolves rapidly when passing the transition time. Furthermore, we also find that due to the presence of spin-orbital coupling, the spin texture represents a periodic magnetic structure accompanying with the emergence of the supersolid dynamically. It is shown that during the quench procedure, the density distribution of the system are always accompanied with the spatial structure of spin texture, i.e., the central position of topological spin skyrmion (antiskyrmion) corresponding to the minimum position of the density distribution. The topological charge of the above spin structures also shows interesting dynamical properties. We find that the quantized topological charge appears with the emergence of the supersolid dynamically.
Recent progress in aqueous akali-metal-ion batteries at low temperatures
Authors: Han Shuai , Guo Qiu-Bo , Lu Ya-Xiang , Chen Li-Quan , Hu Yong-Sheng ,   Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China,   College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China,   Huairou Division, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
Published: February 2023

Aqueous alkali-metal-ion batteries are a popular frontier research area, expected to apply for large-scale energy storage due to their high safety, low cost, and environmental friendliness. Depending on diversified social development, batteries ought to function in various ambient, including polar regions and high-altitude locales. Delivering excellent electrochemical performance at low temperatures is crucial to develop aqueous alkali-metal-ion batteries. This review summarizes the representative research progress in the field of aqueous low-temperature alkali-metal-ion batteries in recent years, based on the subjects of electrolyte, electrode, and interface. Firstly, we discussed the challenges of aqueous alkali-metal-ion batteries operated at low temperatures and the corresponding failure mechanisms. At subzero temperatures, aqueous alkali-metal-ion batteries couldn't work or exhibit little capacity, arising from the frozen electrolytes, electrode materials with slow kinetics, and huge interface impedances, which seriously limits their wide application in low-temperature conditions. Then, combined with the latest research work, various strategies have been investigated to improve the electrochemical performance of batteries at low temperatures. To date, the strategies for reducing the freezing point of electrolytes have primarily focused on breaking H-bonds between free water molecules by increasing salt concentration, adding organic/inorganic additives, and using hydrogel as electrolytes. In terms of electrodes, the related studies have concentrated on regulating the structure and morphology of electrodes, introducing the dual ion battery mechanism, and using organic materials and Zn electrodes to alleviate the slow ion dynamics of electrodes. In addition, adding appropriate organic solvents that can generate protective layers with low interface impedance on the electrode surface in the electrolyte can also improve the low-temperature performance of aqueous alkali-metal-ion batteries. Finally, we evaluated multi-dimensionally all strategies, expected to provide a comprehensive reference and point out the direction for the further improvement and practical application of the aqueous alkali-metal-ion batteries at low temperatures.
Kokegropfeltet på Sand
Authors: Luneborg Andreas
Published: February 2023

Utgravning av en lokalitet på Sand på  nordsiden av Tjeldøya i 2021, hvor ca. 1290 m² ble maskinelt flateavdekket og undersøkt. Det ble påvist 18 kokegroper, en nedgravning og to lag av ukjent funksjon. Lokaliteten blir tolket som ett kokegropfelt, hvor av 10 av kokegropene ble snittet og dokumentert. Også én nedgravning og to lag ble undersøkt. Kokegropfeltet er datert til førromersk jernalder. Undersøkelsen kan vise til dannelsen av ett maktsenter på Sand i denne perioden samt den yngre kokegropen kan vise til kontinuitet.
Comportamento desviante no trabalho: uma análise multigrupo da relação entre a violação do contrato psicológico e a cultura organizacional
Authors: Ferreira João Cesar de Souza , Kubo Edson Keyso de Miranda , Oliva Eduardo de Camargo
Published: February 2023

Este estudo abordou sobre como a violação do contrato psicológico mediada pela Cultura Organizacional pode influenciar no Comportamento Desviante no ambiente de trabalho. Esses comportamentos podem ter origem em fatores individuais que, podem ser mitigadas ou ampliadas em decorrência de fatores contextuais, como, a cultura organizacional. O objetivo foi verificar como a violação do contrato psicológico mediada pela Cultura Organizacional pode influenciar no Comportamento Desviante no ambiente de trabalho, por meio da análise multigrupo de tempo de emprego, função na empresa e localização. A partir da análise teórica elaborou-se um modelo conceitual em que o comportamento desviante é explicado pelos antecedentes violação do contrato psicológico e cultura organizacional. O estudo empírico do modelo envolveu a aplicação de questionários a empregados de uma rede de varejo farmacêutico no estado de Minas Gerais. O estudo revelou que a cultura organizacional atua como mediadora da violação de contrato psicológico na propensão ao comportamento desviante no trabalho. Mostrou ainda que há diferenças na relação desses construtos quando considerados em relação à região, ao cargo ocupado e ao tempo de empresa.
Proposta de uma metodologia de ensino da gestão estratégica: construindo uma visão não linear pelo prisma da complexidade
Authors: D'anjour Miler Franco , Medeiros Bruno Campelo , De Lima Junior Melquiades Pereira
Published: February 2023

Este trabalho tem como objetivo propor uma metodologia de ensino da gestão estratégica à luz da teoria da complexidade. Para desenvolver este estudo, foi realizada uma pesquisa de caráter intervencionista e delineamento qualitativo, conduzida por meio de um relato de experiência, no Campus Natal (Zona Norte) do Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte. Os dados foram coletados por meio da triangulação entre a pesquisa bibliográfica, a análise documental e a utilização do diário de pesquisa. A análise dos dados foi guiada pela transcrição das realidades a partir do campo, que foi realizada tomando por base a teoria que norteou o relato de experiência. Como principais resultados identificou-se a construção coletiva de uma metodologia vivencial para o ensino da gestão estratégica a partir do processo de simulação estratégica desenvolvido com os sujeitos da pesquisa, observando os elementos complexos, das interações entre os processos organizacionais e as pessoas em busca por objetivos. De forma conclusiva o estudo possibilitou aos participantes vivenciar o processo de formação do conhecimento em estratégia observando a complexidade presente nas relações entre a formação da teoria e sua vivencia real no mundo organizacional.
Cognitive Impairment in Children with BetaThalassaemia Major at a Tertiary Care Centre, Rajasthan, India: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Avasarala Sandeep , Choudhary Anubhav , Bithu Kuldeep Singh , Agrawal Renu , Tanwar Gajanand Singh
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Thalassaemia is one of the most common genetic disorders. Iron overload due to repeated blood transfusions and chelating therapy leads to oxidative stress and possible irreversible brain tissue damage, causing cognitive impairment in these children. Aim: To study cognitive impairment in children with beta thalassaemia major in a tertiary care centre in Bikaner, Rajasthan, India. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital-based crosssectional observational study conducted in the Department of Paediatrics, Sardar Patel Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India from September 2019 to August 2020. Sixty-five children with thalassaemia and 65 children without thalassaemia (as controls) were recruited and assessed using modified MiniMental State Examination (MMSE) for cognitive impairment. Results: Majority of children belonged to age group 6-11 years (67.7% in cases and 68.8% in controls). The mean MMSE scores were significantly lower among children with thalassaemia (26.82±6.45) compared to the controls (29.08±5.71). There was a significantly higher prevalence of cognitive dysfunction in thalassaemia children (72.3%) as compared to controls (33.8%). Children who were compliant with chelation medications (n=30) were found to have a lesser prevalence of cognitive dysfunction (60%) than those who were not compliant (n=35) with medications (82.86%) (p-value=0.013). Among cases, the mean ferritin levels were higher in children with cognitive dysfunction (3399.00±1489.18) compared to those with normal cognitive function (2412.38±1117.26) (p-value=0.046). There was moderate positive correlation between thalassaemia child’s Body Mass Index (BMI) and modified MMSE score. Conclusion: This study highlights the higher prevalence of cognitive impairment in children with thalassaemia (72.3%). The key contributing factors were- lack of compliance to chelation therapy, higher serum ferritin levels and low BMI.
Molecular Characterisation of X-ray Cross-complementing Group 1 (XRCC1) Gene and Risk Factors in Senile Cataract Patients attending a Tertiary Care Hospital, Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Khan Mohammad Ashraf , Tewari Vandana , Agrawal Ruchika , Das Medha , Sujatha R , Afaq Nashra
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Cataract arises because of aging of the crystalline lens of the eye which prevents clear vision. X-ray Cross-complementing Group 1 (XRCC1) is a Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) repair protein which is involved in Single-Strand Breaks (SSBs) and Base Excision Repair (BER) pathway which is responsible for the efficient repair of DNA damage is mainly responsible for cataract in patients. Aim: To study the prevalence, risk factors and the molecular characterisation with its special association to XRCC1 gene in senile cataract patients. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out in the Department of Anatomy and Ophthalmology, Rama Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India, from April 2021 to April 2022. A total of 500 clinical patients were included in which 250 patients were confirmed as cataract positive patients. Venous blood of 5 mL was collected in Ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid tubes. The DNA extraction for the detection of XRCC1gene was done using Qiagen DNA extraction kit as per manufactures guidelines, which was further confirmed by Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Results: A total of 500 clinically suspected patients were included in which 250 cases were confirmed as cataract positive patients. The ratio of females was more (n=130, 52%) compared to males (n=120, 48%) with the mean age for females with 57.6% and for males with 61.13%. Hypertension (n=173, 69.2%) was the most common disease associated with the cataract patients. The ratio of males were more (n=91, 75.8%) compared to females (n=82, 63.07%). The mean age of males was 64.40 years and that of females were 62.45 years. The other co-morbidity included diabetes (48.8%), in which males constituted 67 (55.83%) participants compared to the females with 55 (42.3%) participants. The presence of XRCC1 gene was detected in all cataract positive patients, which was also confirmed by RT-PCR. Conclusion: The polymorphisms of DNA repair genes decreased their ability to repair DNA damage, leaving human body a greatly increased susceptibility to cancer or agerelated diseases. The association of XRCC1 gene with agerelated cataract susceptibility observed in the present study supports the view that XRCC1 gene plays an important role in susceptibility to age-related cataract, so early screening and its molecular profiling will help the clinician in the early diagnosis as well as early treatment.
NUT Carcinoma: A Diagnostically Challenging Rare Entity with an Aggressive Course: A Case Series
Authors: Anila KR , Mathews Anitha , Sindhu Nair P , Rejnish Kumar , Priyakumari T
Published: February 2023

Nuclear Protein in Testis (NUT) carcinomas are rare, extremely aggressive, poorly differentiated squamous carcinoma, characterised by the presence of NUT gene (NUTM1) rearrangement. NUT carcinoma most commonly arises in head and neck region and thorax however, they can occur in other parts of the body also. Here, we are presenting a case series of three cases of NUT carcinoma.All patients were females with disease involving head and neck region. The first case was an eight-year-old girl. The second case was a 36-year-old woman. The third case was a 61-year-old woman. Histopathology of all cases showed poorly differentiated neoplasm, comprising of sheets of monotonous cells with minimal indistinct, clear cytoplasm, round to oval nuclei with prominent nucleoli. High mitotic rate with areas of tumour necrosis were also present. Areas of abrupt keratinisation classically described in this entity were seen in two of the cases. Speckled nuclear positivity for NUT1 monoclonal antibody by immunohistochemistry, which is sensitive and specific for diagnosis was observed in all three cases. There is no definite treatment for this disease, and most patients respond poorly to conventional chemotherapy and radiation. Targeted therapy targeting the BRD4 portion of BRD4-NUT, termed BET bromodomain inhibitors, are in clinical trials. Two of our patients succumbed to disease within one year of diagnosis. Third patient is on follow-up for eleven months after diagnosis.
Pedagogical Innovation of Tpack Based K-4 Learning Transaction Model in Science and Social Sciences
Authors: Binjha P. B. , Das B. C. , Dansana A. , Das B. K.
Published: February 2023

Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) has been proposed as a ‘conceptual framework’ to describe the knowledge base that teacher needs for effective technology integration. Looking at the vitality of the concerns an experiment on the TPACK-based Practice Teaching Programme with reference to the learning achievement of students was carried out. The sample comprised of 40 student-teachers belonging to science and social science of the first batch integrated B.Ed program of Ravenshaw University and 341 students of CBSE-affiliated schools of Cuttack City. The scheme of the experiment was carried out by adapting Solomon Four Group Design. The quantitative data gathered through achievement tests were analyzed using Mean, SD, One-way ANOVA, and t-test. Based on the feedback given by the pre-service teachers, the project team brought in the innovation of the TPACK-based K-4 Learning Transaction Model (K4 -LTM). The data relating to innovation on TPACK-based K4 -LTM were collected through the reaction scale and analyzed by using percentage analysis. The findings revealed that there was a significant effect of the TPACK-based practice in teaching science and social science. The reaction of student teachers towards innovative TPACK-based K4 -LTM was found to be effective. In conclusion, further this experiment propelled to innovate TPACK based K-4 Learning Transaction Model with its unique features and practicability in the area of curriculum transaction. The results of the study have potentials to initiate reforms in teacher preparation more learner centric with support of TPACK based instruction.