bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La ‘Casa Grande’ de Los Villares (Jaén). Estudio de arqueología de la arquitectura de un edificio contemporáneo
Authors: Salvatierra Cuenca Vicente , Navarro Pérez Mercedes , Muñoz Rueda Victoriano
Published: April 2021

Este trabajo sintetiza los resultados del estudio de la llamada Casa Grande (Los Villares, Jaén), edificio levantado en el siglo XVIII. Los datos de la arqueología de la arquitectura se han cotejado con descripciones procedentes de documentos fiscales y otras informaciones escritas. Y comparado con algunos análisis sobre la vivienda moderna y contemporánea. Ello ha permitido fechar, a grandes rasgos, los cambios físicos detectados y relacionarlos con usos funcionales, resultados estos de las transformaciones sociales.
Negotiating Comfort in the Metropolis: Peter Cook, Toyō Itō, and the Shinkenchiku Residential Design Competition, 1977 and 1988
Authors: Nuijsink Cathelijne
Published: April 2021

This investigation approaches the annual Shinkenchiku Residential Design Competition (1965-2020) as a productive cross-cultural medium of exchange that generates new architectural knowledge. It situates this international competition of ideas in a long history of transnational encounters, to identify the contours of the ideological shift from the consolidation of modernist ideals to their critique. The paper highlights the iteration of the lack of “comfort” of modernist architecture, tracing the origins of this critique by referencing the 1977 and 1988 competitions, during which the respective judges Peter Cook and Toyō Itō challenged architects to devise innovative housing proposals to attain “comfort in the metropolis.” It initially employs a synchronic approach to investigate the origins of Cook’s competition theme, the multiple winning entries, the judges’ final remarks, and the after-effects of the competitions to apprehend how discrete geographies negotiated the notion of comfort. Next, the paper juxtaposes the outcomes of both years of the competition to offer a diachronic analysis of how architects have conceived the house and the city differently through time. This investigation reveals that the mechanism of this longstanding, idea-based competition confronts two judges’ positions to understand their cultural and architectural differences.
Adaptive Enterprise Architecture Process for Global Companies in a Digital IT Era
Authors: Masuda Yoshimasa , Zimmermann Alfred , Bass Matt , Nakamura Osamu , Shirasaka Seiko , Yamamoto Shuichiro
Published: April 2021

Enterprise architecture (EA) is useful for promoting digital transformation in global companies and information societies. In this paper, the authors investigated and analyzed the process for digital transformation in global companies, together with related work in using and applying an enterprise architecture framework for the digital era named the adaptive integrated digital architecture framework (AIDAF). Moreover, they position the AIDAF framework for processing digital transformation in global companies. Based on this analysis, the authors propose and describe a new enterprise architecture process for promoting digital transformation in global companies. Furthermore, the authors propose an adaptive EA cycle-based architecture board framework on digital platforms, while verifying them with case studies in global companies. Finally, the authors clarify the challenges and critical success factors of the process and framework for digital transformation with architecture board reviews in the adaptive EA cycle to assist EA practitioners with its implementation.
Pertinent Knowledge Storage Processes for Central Repository Design in Domain of Interlocking Institutional Worlds
Authors: Ahmad Mohammad Nazir , Ismail Mohd Ismawira Mohd , Zakaria Nor Hidayati , Redzuan Mohd Khairul Maswan Mohd
Published: April 2021

Designing a Central Repository (CR) for supporting the domain of Interlocking Institutional Worlds (IWs) requires a theory or model from Knowledge Storage Process (KSP) literature to govern the stakeholders' participation in the CR platform. However, current KSP theories or models have limited capabilities, so there are clear gaps in the context of designing a CR for the domain of IWs. Therefore, this paper suggests processes which include Identification, Standard, Service, and Maintain (ISSM) as a new KSP model to fill these gaps. To understand the stakeholders' participation, the authors use the case study of Flood Management (FM) to make sense of the proposed ISSM model. This gives us better understanding towards CR design using the KSP model.
Prediction and Measurement of Quenching and Pre-Stretching Stress in 7050 Aluminum Alloy Thick Plate
Authors: Cao Hai Long , Wang Jun Qiang , Tian Yu Xing , Niu Guan Mei , Liu Cheng , Xiao Xiang
Published: April 2021

The article established a modelling that predicted and measured the quenching and pre-stretching stress in 7050 aluminum alloy thick plate in order to make the alloy suitable enough for manufacturing in the aerospace industries. The results show that both the rolling direction component stress and the transverse direction component stress have a “M” distribution along the plate thickness of 7050 aluminum alloy thick plate, but the level is slightly different, but the level is slightly different. The maximum value of quenching residual stress is about 187MPa in the 80mm thick of 7050 plate. Pre-stretching of the heat treated and quenched alloy to 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5%, 3.0% and 3.5% to reduce the residual stresses. It has been recorded that more than 90% reduction of residual stresses were observed in a pre-stretching rage of 2-3%. Measuring the surface residual stresses of the alloy by ultrasonic methods and measuring the internal residual stresses of the alloy by crack compliance methods. The two methods are used to verify the model. The difference between the measurement and the simulation is within 40MPa. The experimental data of the ultrasonic and the crack compliance methods were found to correspond well with the simulated models. This shows that the simulation model can effectively predict the evolution of residual stress in 7050 aluminum alloy thick plate, and the simulation model can also be reconstructed and inspected through the experimentally measurement.
Degassing Process Influence on Tensile Strength of Neat E132 Epoxy Polymeric Materials
Authors: Wong Dominick , Anwar Mahmood , Debnath Sujan , Abdullah Abdul Hamid , Izman Sudin , Pramanik Alokesh
Published: April 2021

During the composite’s fabrication process, one of the most common defect occurs is void. Numerous literatures have suggested that the presence of void negatively affect its mechanical properties and effective degassing process is one the solutions for such issue. In this study, experiments were carried out using neat E132 epoxy to investigate the effects of different degassing process (hot water, ultrasonic bath, and vacuum) on its tensile strength. The duration of its process was carried out from 5 – 9 minutes for hot water and ultrasonic bath where vacuum process was extended until 10 minutes to observed limiting behavior. It is found that the vacuum degassing method is the most effective. Vacuum degassing process displayed the least formation of bubble and micro voids even for 10 minutes. It is also revealed that vacuum degassing process resulted the highest average tensile strength at 48.8MPa. Such findings would facilitate the well bonded effective nanocomposite fabrication process.
Study on Coating Material and Preparation Technology of Aluminum Alloy Tube by Low Temperature Self-Propagating Molding
Authors: Wang Zhong Xun , Zhang Shu Ai , Xing Qin , Liu Bao Shan , Zhang Gang
Published: April 2021

Low temperature self-propagating forming coating material system for aluminum alloy cylinder parts was designed with Al, Fe2O3, Mo, Cu, Ni and Ti powders as raw materials. Low temperature self-propagating wear-resistant coating was prepared on the inner wall of aluminum alloy cylinder parts by thermal spraying ignition condensation centrifugal self-propagating fusion technology. XRD, DSC and SEM were used to study the microstructure, thermodynamic properties and cross-section morphology of the coating after thermal reaction of four kinds of low-temperature self-propagating materials with different proportions. The preparation process parameters of the coating were optimized by orthogonal test, including the amount of coating, the rotation speed of self-propagating centrifuge and the reaction time of self-propagating coating. The results show that the addition of Si, Mo and Zn powders in the four low temperature self-propagating powder systems can reduce the occurrence temperature of aluminothermic reaction; the optimal process parameters for coating preparation are rotational speed of 2000r/min, powder filling amount of 0.9g/cm3 and rotational reaction time of 16S.The results show that the coating with 20wt.% Al, 60wt.% Fe2O3, 12wt.% Si, 4wt.% Mo and 4wt.% Zn has better density and interface adhesion.
Fatigue Crack Growth and Precipitation Characteristics of a High Zn-Containing Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloy with Various Typical Aging States
Authors: Wen Kai , Liu Hong Wei
Published: April 2021

The fatigue crack growth of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy can be adjusted by different aging treatments. In the present work, a high Zn-containing Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy was treated by single, double and triple stage aging treatments and typical T6, T79 and T77 states were selected by tensile properties. Fatigue crack growth under these aging states was tested and related fracture morphology and precipitation characteristics were observed. The results showed that fatigue crack growth resistance for the alloy was T6<T79<T77. The corresponding fracture morphology also showed the difference of fatigue striations and the measurement of them provided an additional evidence. The precipitation proved that the alloy with T6 state possessed GPI zone, GPII zone and η' phase while that for T76 state was GPII zone, η' phase and η phase. As for the T77 state, the precipitate types were GPII zone and η' phase. The matrix precipitate for T6 state was smaller and denser than that for T79 and T77 states while that for T77 state possessed a dense distribution than that for T79 state. The measurement of precipitate size distribution also proved it. The grain boundary precipitates for T79 and T77 states were similar, which had a more intermittent distribution than that for T6 state.
Design and Analysis of Hot Forming Parts with Extra Thick Specification
Authors: Liu Hong Liang , Chen Yu , Li Chun Cheng , Guan Lin , Wang Xiao Nan
Published: April 2021

The press hardening steel with thick specification has been used as automobile chassis parts. With the increase of the thickness, the cooling rate of the inner core is lower in the conventional process, resulting in a poor harden ability, and the fatigue test is not qualified. In this study, the microstructure of hot forming parts with thick specifications was studied by means of metallographic and micro-hardness testing. The results show that there is a microstructure gradient in the thick hot forming parts, which leads to the uneven strength in the cross section and finally affects the fatigue test results.The finite element analysis method is used to study the cooling rate of the inner core of the hot forming parts. The high hardenability press hardening steel products has been prepared by adjusting the components.
Effect of Combined Pre-Straining and Pre-Aging on the Precipitation Behavior and Age Hardening Response for Al-Mg-Si Alloys
Authors: Gao Guan Jun , Li Xi Wu , Yan Li Zhen
Published: April 2021

Pre-strain (PS) and pre-aging (PA) treatments are often applied during the preparation of Al-Mg-Si automotive aluminum alloy. In this study, the effect of combined PS and PA on the precipitation behavior and age hardening response for Al-Mg-Si alloys was investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), tensile test, Vickers hardness test, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It was found that the dislocations introduced by PS treatment and the cluster (2) formed during PA treatment effectively inhibited the cluster (1), which further strengthened the inhibition of natural aging hardening at room temperature (RT). The strength increment of the alloys was kept below 10.0 MPa during two weeks RT storage. The dislocations provided heterogeneous nucleation for the precipitates forming and the cluster (2) transformed into β″ strengthening phase during bake hardening treatment. With the acceleration response of the dislocations and the cluster (2), the age hardening response of Al-Mg-Si alloys obviously improved with the denser and larger β″ strengthening phase formed.
Efficacy and Safety of SanJieZhenTong Capsules, a Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine, on Long-term Management of Endometriosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ruan Jing-Yao , Zheng Yun-Xi , Tian Qi , Ke Jun-Ya , Wang Li , Du Yan , Zhu Zhi-Ling , Yi Xiao-Fang , Xu Cong-Jian
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objective:

To compare the efficacy of the traditional Chinese medicine SanJieZhenTong (SJZT) capsules versus gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs (GnRHa) or oral contraceptives (OCs) in the postoperative treatment of moderate-to-severe endometriosis.

Methods:

In this prospective clinical trial, women with stage III-IV endometriosis according to the revised American Fertility Society scoring system received three doses of GnRHa immediately after laparoscopic conservative surgery, followed by random assignment to receive treatment with SJZT, GnRHa, or OCs for another 6 months. The primary endpoint was 2-year recurrence, and the secondary endpoints were adverse events, changes in physical function, and quality of life (QoL). Recurrence was assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests. Generalized estimating equations were used to determine the parameters of the secondary endpoints.

Results:

A total of 66 women were randomly assigned to the SJZT (n = 21), GnRHa (n = 21), and OCs (n = 24) groups. At a median follow-up of 22 months, no difference in recurrence was found (P = 0.72), with one (4.8%), two (9.5%), and one (4.2%) incidence in the SJZT, GnRHa, and OCs groups, respectively. Expectedly, the incidence of side effects such as hot flush, insomnia, and arthralgia in the SJZT and OCs groups was significantly lower than that in the GnRHa group (P = 0.00). In addition, the female sexual function index was significantly improved in the SJZT group, with a higher value than that in the GnRHa (odds ratio [OR] = 5.25, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.09-13.14, P = 0.00) and OCs (OR = 3.94, 95% CI: 1.58-9.83, P = 0.00) groups.

Conclusions:

SJZT showed more effective pain relief and QoL improvement in patients with moderate-to-severe endometriosis than GnRHa or OCs did. Fewer adverse events than those observed with other agents indicate that this alternative medicine, SJZT, could be a novel option for the long-term management of endometriosis.
Beyond the Arch
Authors: Bhatia Ritu
Published: April 2021

Middle aortic syndrome is a rare vascular disorder threatening life beyond the age of 40 years. We describe a rare case of atypical presentation of middle aortic syndrome in a 35-year-old female, diagnosed in the third decade of life. The patient was successfully treated with stent implantation; however, she developed vision disturbance in her right eye.
Compliance with the use of Compression Stockings, Experience from a Tertiary Center in Oman
Authors: AlHarthi Rahma , Stephen Edwin , Abdelhedy Ibrahim , AlMaawali Hanan , AlWahaibi Khalifa
Published: April 2021

Objectives:

Compression stockings (CSs) are effective in the treatment of chronic venous and lymphatic diseases. Noncompliance with wearing them remains a hindrance to good results. This study aims to quantify the issue of noncompliance and to identify the reasons behind it.

Methods:

Over a period of 6 months, a set of questionnaire to assess the compliance to CSs was conducted on patients seen during their follow-up visits and of whom CSs were prescribed previously.

Results:

A total of 50 patients were recruited in this study. Females formed the majority of participants (76%), with a mean age of 42 years. The body mass index of our participants ranged between normal (18%), overweight (52%), and obese (30%). Most (78%) of our patients used CSs, while 22% did not. Duration of use ranged as follows: 40% of the patients used them for <2 weeks, 26% used them for 2–8 weeks, while 30% used them for >8 weeks. 71% of our patients encountered difficulty in finding appropriate CSs.

Conclusions:

Noncompliance with CSs is a true challenge. The reasons behind it start from difficulty in finding appropriate size/quality, to patient-related characteristics. These need to be frequently assessed by the prescribing doctor and addressed.
Influence of Body Mass Index on Developing Ulceration in Patients with Venous Disease
Authors: Lal Pearl , Stephen Edwin , Premkumar Prabhu , Kota Albert A , Samuel Vimalin , Agarwal Sunil , Selvaraj Dheepak
Published: April 2021

Aim:

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of body mass index (BMI) on the development of ulceration in patients with venous disease. We also analyzed other risk factors that might lead to the progression of disease to ulceration.

Design:

A prospective case–control study from January 2016 to June 2017.

Materials and Methods:

This study was conducted at the vascular surgery outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital in India. One hundred and thirty cases with an active or healed venous ulcer were compared with 130 controls with no ulceration. A questionnaire was administered to look at the factors that influence the risk of developing ulceration. The patients underwent a clinical examination and the clinical class of venous disease was documented using the Clinical, Etiological, Anatomical and Pathophysiological classification. The patient's height and weight were measured, and the BMI was calculated.

Results:

The mean BMI of the study population was 29.04. Nearly 38.8% of the 260 patients recruited were obese and another 38.8% were overweight. Nearly 35.4% of the cases and 42.3% of the controls were obese. About 45.5% of the obese patients had an active or healed ulcer. About 77.8% of the patients with recurrent ulcers were either overweight or obese. However, on comparing the BMI between the cases and controls, there was no statistically significant difference. On multivariate analysis, we found older age, male gender, deep-vein thrombosis, and prolonged periods of standing, to have a significant association with ulceration in venous disease.

Conclusion:

Our study suggests that there is no association between BMI and ulceration in patients with venous disease. Older age, male gender, deep-vein thrombosis, and periods of prolonged standing have a higher association with venous ulceration.
Retrograde Mesenteric Bypass with Saphenous Vein Graft in Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia in a Resource-Challenged Setting
Authors: Sharma Anil , Dixit Sunil , Mittal Sourabh , Sharma Dhruva
Published: April 2021

Introduction:

Chronic mesenteric ischemia is a pathophysiologic condition arising due to demand–supply mismatch of blood supply to bowel postprandially, resulting in chronic abdominal pain, food fear, and weight loss. The most common cause is atherosclerosis. Timely intervention in the form of mesenteric revascularization is the key to successful outcome. There are limited contemporary data on in-hospital outcomes of mesenteric revascularization via open versus endovascular therapy in a resource-challenged setting.

Materials and Methods:

This retrospective-prospective observational study included eight patients of chronic mesenteric ischemia who underwent open revascularization and were followed for a mean duration of 15 months. All patients were evaluated as per the institutional protocol, and retrograde mesenteric bypass with reverse saphenous vein graft was done in all cases. Outcomes were evaluated in terms of resolution of symptoms and confirmation of graft patency with duplex scan after 1 month and every 6 months thereafter.

Results:

Out of 8 patients, six patients were males. Predisposing factors for atheromatous diseases were present in all. All patients presented with postprandial abdominal pain and weight loss. Majority of patients (n = 5) had involvement of all three mesenteric vessels (superior mesenteric artery, inferior mesenteric artery, and celiac axis). One patient was re-explored for bleeding in immediate postoperative period. One patient was admitted for small bowel obstruction in 1st month of follow-up after surgery and was managed conservatively. Two patients were lost to follow-up and six patients are symptom free and doing well on a close follow-up of 15 months.

Conclusion:

Open mesenteric revascularization, by reverse saphenous vein graft as conduit for bypass, performed by experienced surgeon gives promising results in terms of symptom-free duration and graft patency and can be preferred over endoscopic revascularization as a viable option in resource-challenged settings in developing nations.
Exploring the Role of Hand Hygiene in the Effective Containment of Coronavirus Disease-2019 Pandemic
Authors: Shrivastava Saurabh RamBihariLal , Shrivastava Prateek Saurabh
Published: April 2021

The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has made all the national leaders and the international organizations realize that the health sector progress in containment of infectious disease is still not enough. Being an infectious disease, which is highly contagious and is transmitted through close contact or droplets, the importance of infection prevention measures like frequent hand washing, cough etiquettes, etc., is indispensable. Amidst the background of COVID-19 infection, it is a must that the governments should ensure provision of universal access to hand hygiene stations, which can be used compulsorily by the people. In conclusion, in the global fight against COVID-19 pandemic, maintenance of hand hygiene has been regarded as the most effective approach to reduce the onward transmission of the infection. Thus, it is the responsibility of the public health authorities to create an adequate number of opportunities for the general community and the health care professionals to practice hand hygiene.
Primary Malignant Melanoma at Base of the Tongue
Authors: Swain Santosh Kumar , Baliarsingh Prasenjit
Published: April 2021

Primary malignant melanoma is rarely seen in the oral cavity, especially in the tongue. However, the base of the tongue is an extremely rare location for primary malignant melanoma. A 68-year-old male attended the otorhinolaryngology clinic with complaint of foreign-body sensation in the throat for 1 year. Intraoral examination showed a painless and black-colored mass on the right side of the base of the tongue. Histopathology report showed the diagnosis of a malignant melanoma. He underwent composite resection of the tumor and right-sided functional neck dissection. Early diagnosis should be made by proper examination of the oral cavity and oropharynx and early biopsy of the pigmented and nonpigmented mass. Early detection and treatment is required for better prognosis of the malignant melanoma at the base of tongue.
Trigeminal impairment in treatment-refractory chronic nasal obstruction
Authors: Migneault-Bouchard C. , Boselie F.J.M. , Hugentobler M. , Landis B.N. , Frasnelli J.
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND: Patients with anatomically unexplained, chronic nasal obstruction (CNO) that is refractory to medical treatment pose a challenge for clinicians. A surgical solution, addressing mechanical obstacles, is unsuited for these patients. CNO may result from disrupted airflow perception due to activation of the intranasal trigeminal system; therefore, aim of this study is to evaluate if intranasal trigeminal function of these CNO patients is decreased. METHODS: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we compared 143 CNO patients and 58 healthy volunteers, between 18 to 80 years old. We assessed nasal patency by means of rhinomanometry (RM) and measured susceptibility of intranasal trigeminal system by the trigeminal lateralization task (TLT). RESULTS: TLT scores were significantly lower in CNO patients compared to controls (p less than 0.001), but RM scores were not different between groups. Accordingly, TLT allowed to identify CNO patients with an accuracy of the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.78, while the value for RM was at chance (AUC=0.47). CNO patients showed normal reaction to vasoconstrictive agents with significantly lower RM values after Xylomethazoline application. CONCLUSION: Results suggest that reported nasal obstruction in CNO patients without any obvious anatomical obstacle and resistant to medical treatment may be linked to decreased perception of nasal airflow rather than physical obstruction. In this sub-set of CNO patients, trigeminal testing more adequately reflects the reported obstruction than nasal resistance assessment does. In future studies, the relation of the trigeminal status and the subjective sensation of nasal obstruction needs to be addressed with validated patient rated outcome measures (PROMs).
Bayesian multilevel model application on determinants of perinatal mortality in Ethiopia using 2011 and 2016 EDHS data
Authors: Debelu Berhanu Bekele , Belay Denekew Bitew , Terye Nigatu Degu
Published: April 2021

Perinatal mortality is the death of a fetus after the age of viability until the 7th day of life. Perinatal mortality is estimated by the addition of stillbirths plus the early neonatal mortality, which represents deaths occurring during the first 7 days after delivery. Perinatal mortality remains a great burden in Ethiopia. The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the demographic and socio-economic determinant factors of perinatal mortality in Ethiopia using the 2011 and 2016 Ethiopian Demographic Health Surveys (EDHS). For data analysis, the Bayesian multilevel  Model was used in this study. The study revealed that there is a regional variation in perinatal mortality and this variation was high in 2011 EDHS than in 2016 EDHS data. Factors like sex of the child, age of mother, wealth index, family size, birth order, source of drinking water, place of residence, place of delivery, and child twin were found to be the determinant factors of perinatal mortality in both 2011 and 2016 EDHS. In this study, we found that perinatal mortality variation across regions has decreased from 2011 to 2016 surveys which shows the promising progress of health intervention in the country.
Legitimizing the development and use of Cameroon’s national languages: Lessons from COVID-19
Authors: Akumbu Pius W.
Published: April 2021

The advent of COVID-19 has revealed the inability of the Cameroonian Government to provide information to all its citizens in the languages they understand best since a majority of the languages are neither developed for use nor empowered by the language policy of the country. Based on  data from online and secondary sources this study highlights and insists on the necessity to develop and use national languages in official communication particularly when transmitting health related information. If this is done, it will become possible to easily reach out to all Cameroonians with vital information for their wellbeing whenever need be. Other sectors of the country such as education and agriculture would benefit squarely from a language policy that incorporates the language of each and every Cameroonian.

Keywords: Legitimize, development, use, national languages, Cameroon, COVID-19

 

L’avènement du COVID-19 a révélé l’incapacité du gouvernement camerounais à informer ses citoyens dans les langues qu’ils comprennent  puisqu’une majorité de ces langues ne sont ni développées pour être utilisées ni habilitées par la politique linguistique du pays. Sur la base de données provenant de sources en ligne et secondaires, cette contribution souligne et insiste sur la nécessité de développer et d’utiliser les langues nationales dans la communication officielle, en particulier lorsqu’il s’agit de transmettre des informations liées à la santé. Si cela est fait, il deviendra possible de tendre facilement la main à tous les Camerounais chaque fois qu’il sera nécessaire de leur transmettre des informations vitales pour leur bien-être. D’autres secteurs du pays, tels que l’éducation et l’agriculture, bénéficieraient aussi d’une politique linguistique qui intègre la langue de chaque Camerounais.

Mots clés : Légitimer, développement, utilisation, langues nationales, Cameroun, COVID-19
Clinical Presentation and Factors Leading to Complications of Deep Neck Spaces Infections at CHUK
Authors: Ncogoza Isaie , Eric Eric , Mvukiyehe Jean Paul , Shaye David
Published: April 2021

Background

Deep neck space infection (DNSI) mostly arise from the local extension of dental, tonsils and parotid gland infections. Early diagnosis and management is the key to avoid associated complications.

Objective

Our study aimed at evaluating the clinical presentation and factors related to complications of DNSIs at the University Teaching Hospital of Kigali.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted at the University teaching hospital of Kigali from September 2017 to November 2018. It enrolled 66 participants.  Patient information was recorded using a questionnaire and analyzed using Epidata 3.1 software. The data were processed using SPSS 16.0. Comparison of categorical variables were performed using the chi-square test. Associations with p-values=0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results

Males accounted for 35 (53%) of DNSIs.  The majority (97%) presented with neck pain and 21% with a history of tooth extraction.  The submandibular space was the most involved in 33 (50%) cases. The average duration of symptoms at presentation was 11 days. Delayed consultation and advanced age (>40years) were associated with complications and hospital stay with (p value=0.022) and (p=0.015) respectively.

Conclusion

Neck pain on background of tooth extraction is the most common presentation of patients with DNSIs. Delayed presentation and advanced age are central factors for complications and longer hospital stay.

Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2021;4(1):8-19
Sixth-Graders' Paintings for the U.S. Food Conservation Effort: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Clabough Jeremiah
Published: April 2021

In this article, a research project is discussed that examines the political messages within the paintings commissioned by the U.S. Food Administration to cause civilians during World War I to donate food for the war effort. Sixth grade students in my research project analyzed the paintings commissioned by the U.S. Food Administration and then created their own painting based on arguments in Hoover’s Food in War Speech on why U.S. civilians should donate for the food conservation effort. They also wrote a metacognitive writing piece through a Director’s Cut explaining the political messages in their painting to cause U.S. civilians to donate for the food conservation effort during World War I. I analyzed the sixth grade students’ paintings and Director’s Cuts. The findings from five students’ paintings and Director’s Cuts are provided. Finally, I close the article with a discussion section to examine takeaways from how my research study potentially adds to the body of literature on teaching with visual primary sources that contain political messages.
La formación por competencias en el docente universitario de la zona 3 del Ecuador
Authors: Cejas M. Magda F. , Quiñonez B. Mayra F. , Morales C. Juan P.
Published: April 2021

La flexibilidad y la capacidad de adaptarse a los cambios son requisitos indispensables en las instituciones por lo que abordar la formación por competencias esclave. El tema abordado en esta investigación tiene como objetivo identificar las competencias laborales que determinan el desempeño del docente universitario de la zona 3 del Ecuador. Se adoptóuna investigación no experimental, de nivel descriptivo, empleándose como técnica la encuesta a una muestra intencional caracterizada por 20 docentes aplicándose un google forms, con un total de 24 ítems con escala Likert. La validez del instrumento se realizó a través de juicio de expertos y el coeficiente de confiabilidad fue de 0.854, obtenido mediante la fórmula Alfa Cronbach. Se concluye que el profesional docente posee entre las competencias más destacables la planificación del proceso enseñanza aprendizaje, la iniciativa, el Liderazgo de equipos, pensamiento analítico y crítico, competencia comunicativa, deber social, entre otros.
IMPACT OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT ON EMPLOYEE SATISFACTION IN PRIVATE BANKING SECTOR KARACHI
Authors:   Bahria University, Karachi., Shujaat Sobia
Published: April 2021

Purpose - This study aims to determine the relationship between career development opportunities available to the employees and their job satisfaction. The study is focusing on private banks in Karachi. Methodology/Sample - For this paper, survey was conducted by using structured questionnaire that were administered through e-mail and by distributing to five hundred respondents from five private Banks situated in Karachi. Hypothesis testing has been done by use of Chi-Square test. Sample size for the study is 395 and the sampling procedure used is convenience based. Findings - The study determined that there is positive relationship between career development and employee job satisfaction in banking sector. Employees are satisfied with career development activities that are offered at their organizations. Corporate world has become more competitive hence employees have become more conscious to career development. Practical Implications - The findings of the research is beneficial for management of banking sector to design career development programs in such a way that increase the job satisfaction and promote work environment among employees in Pakistan. Research Limitations - Data confidentiality policy of organizations, time constraint and unavailability of concerned personnel at the time of interviews were limitations in some cases while gathering data.
FARKLI KÜLTÜR VE İNANÇLARA SAHİP DESTİNASYONLARDA GASTRONOMİNİN ŞEKİLLENMESİ: KUZEY KIBRIS ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: OSMANLAR Emel , MENEMENCİ Nesrin
Published: April 2021

21. yy’ın en gözde turizm çeşidi olan gastronomi turizmi, beslenme gibi etrafındaki birçok olguyla etkileşim içerisindedir. Gastronomi ve beslenme kavramlarının odak noktası insandır. Bu nedenle, bu çalışmada gastronomi ve beslenmenin en önemli yönlendiricileri olan inanç ve kültür kavramları ile ilgili bilgiler verilmiş ve Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti’nde gastronomi kavramı incelenmiştir. Sonuç bölümünde ise, Kuzey Kıbrıs gibi, gastronomi turizmi alanında inanç ve kültür çeşitliliğinin bulunduğu destinasyonlarda, turizm aktivitelerinin sağlayacağı yararlar konusunda sektöre bilgiler sunulmaya çalışılmıştır.
Melanocytic lesions: A pilot study using dual HMB-45/Ki67 staining with a new depth measurement to aid diagnosis
Authors: Johnston Darrell J , Diep Phuoc-Tan
Published: April 2021

Diagnostic pitfalls have been widely documented on atypical naevi, a group of pigmented lesions that occupy a grey portion between benign and malignant variants. As malignant melanoma is associated with a high mortality rate it is vital we have a reliable diagnostic testing method for these challenging lesions. A pilot study was proposed using dual immunohistochemistry staining with a new depth measurement, the Lancaster depth, to develop a validating tool to measure difficult atypical lesions against. The Lancaster depth was recorded for 68 pigmented lesions; 34 benign and 34 malignant, where measurement was taken from the granular layer to the deepest HMB-45/Ki67 dual stained melanocyte. This measurement was compared against the established Breslow depth measurement where the distance between the two was of interest. The mean malignant Lancaster depth at 1.51mm was higher than that of the benign at 0.12mm. There was a statistically significant difference of 1.40mm, P = <.001. There was a statistically significant difference between the mean Lancaster and Breslow depths in both malignant and benign lesions. In the malignant group this was 0.28mm, P = <.001 compared to the benign which was 1.07mm, P = <.001. A narrow distance ratio between the two depths indicated a malignant diagnosis. A wider distance ratio was indicative of a benign diagnosis. As a diagnostic validator the Lancaster depth shows promises but has limitations as a standalone model. Working in conjunction with the Breslow depth we potentially have a useful adjunct to accurately diagnose difficult atypical lesions.
Experimental Investigation of Thermo-Physical Properties of Tri-Hybrid Nanoparticles in Water-Ethylene Glycol Mixture
Authors: RAMADHAN Anwar Ilmar , AZMI Wan Hamzah , MAMAT Rizalman
Published: April 2021

In recent years, research has focused on enhancing the thermo-physical properties of a single component nanofluid. Therefore, hybrid or composite nanofluids have been developed to improve heat transfer performance. The thermo-physical properties of the Al2O3-TiO2-SiO2 nanoparticles suspended in a base of water (W) and ethylene glycol (EG) at constant volume ratio of 60:40 and different volume concentrations were investigated. The experiment was conducted for the volume concentrations of 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3% of Al2O3-TiO2-SiO2 nanofluids at different temperatures of 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 °C. Thermal conductivity and dynamic viscosity measurements were carried out at temperatures ranging from 30 to 70 °C by using KD2 Pro Thermal Properties Analyzer and Brookfield LVDV III Ultra Rheometer, respectively. The highest thermal conductivity for tri-hybrid nanofluids was obtained at 0.3% volume concentration, and the maximum enhancement was increased up to 9% higher than the base fluid (EG/W). Tri-hybrid nanofluids with a volume concentration of 0.05% gave the lowest effective thermal conductivity of 4.8 % at 70 °C temperature. Meanwhile, the dynamic viscosity of the tri-hybrid nanofluids was influenced by volume concentration and temperature. Furthermore, tri-hybrid nanofluids behaved as a Newtonian fluid for volume concentrations from 0.05 to 3.0%. The properties enhancement ratio (PER) estimated that the tri-hybrid nanofluids will aid in heat transfer for all samples in the present. The new correlations for thermal conductivity and dynamic viscosity of tri-hybrid nanofluids were developed with minimum deviation. As a conclusion, the combination of the enhancement in thermal conductivity and dynamic viscosity for tri-hybrid at 0.3% volume concentration was found the optimum condition with more advantage for heat transfer than other concentrations.
Қ. П. Мәшһүр-Жүсіп еңбектеріндегі тәуелсіз – ұлттық зерттеу мен пайым
Authors: Серік Төлеубайұлы Елікпаев  , Бақытгүл Қасымбайқызы Қапасова
Published: April 2021

"Мақалада қазақ әдебиеттану ғылымының аса көрнекті зерттеушісі, филология ғылымдарының докторы, профессор Қуандық Пазылұлы Мәшһүр-Жүсіптің ғылыми еңбектері талданған. Ғалым еңбектерінің басты ерекшеліктері қазақ лирикасындағы көркемдікті ашуымен айқындалады. Бұл ретте қазақ әдебиеттану ғылымының 1960 жылдардан кейінгі зерттеулері назарға алынуы керек. Бай қазақ лирикасының тектік белгілерінің негізі нақтыланғанымен де көркемдік сипаттары туралы ғылыми ой мен көзқарастарда әлі де зерттеулер қажеттігі осы – жиырмасыншы ғасырдың алпысыншы жылдарынан кейінгі кезеңде анық байқалды. Қуандық Пазылұлы ғылыми еңбектерінде қазақ лирикасындағы көркемдік бейне мен стиль ерекшеліктері туралы теория бір жүйеге келтірілді. Мақалада ғалымның қазақ лирикасындағы орны бөлек зерттеулері туралы айтылады. Әсіресе, ғалымның терең қаралып, қордалы ойымен ерекшеленер еңбегінің бірі – «Қазақ лирикасындағы стиль және бейнелілік» деп аталатын монографиясы. Бұл – жетпіс жылғы саясат сергелдеңінен кейінгі қазақ әдебиетінің орны бөлек мұрасы – лирикасын ұлт мүддесін тұрғысынан зерделеген еңбек болуымен артық. Зерттеуде 1989 жылдың желтоқсанында ақталған Мағжан Жұмабаев, Шәкәрім Құдайбердіұлы туындылары, әдебиет талдауы назарына ілінбей келген Мәшһүр-Жүсіп Көпейұлы шығармалары алғаш рет талданса, Сәкен Сейфуллин, Ілияс Жансүгіров, Бейімбет Майлин шығармалары тәуелсіз әдебиет тұрғысында, егемен ел зерттеушісі ой-пайымымен қарастырылады. Қазақ лирикасындағы әдіс пен тәсілдің ара-жігі ашылады. Әдебиеттегі көркемдік бейненің жасалуын, тегін анықтап көрсетеді. Осы тұста дәстүр сабақтастығы мен ой жалғастығына да мән беріледі. Бұл 20-ғасыр басындағы қазақ әдебиетіндегі лирика жанры арқылы, осы кезең туындыларын материал ретінде ала отырып, бейнелілік пен стиль туралы әдебиет теориясына қажет ойларды тұжырымдайды. Мақала авторлар ғалымның еңбектерінен қазақ лирикасына қатыстыларын алып талдайды. Бұл ретте Қ. П. Мәшһүр-Жүсіп ғылыми еңбектері алты топқа жіктеліп көрсетіледі. Осы топтар арқылы ғалымның қазақ лирикасындағы бейнелілік, автор ұстанымы, қоғаммен қатынас, көркемдік, стиль т.б. теориялық мәселелер туралы ой нақтылана түседі. Мақала әдебиет зерттеушілеріне, филология, гуманитарлық сала мамандарына арналған. "
Полиязычие: вопросы преодоления интерференции
Authors: Бахытжан Бегенбековна Оспанова  , Тина Кабылкасымовна Маняпова
Published: April 2021

"Статья посвящена обзору типов интерференции, которая является результатом контактирования элементов родного и изучаемого языков в сознании обучающихся. Интерференция рассматривается через воздействие первичного (родного) языка на вторичный (изучаемый), воздействие вторичного языка на первичный, разграничение воздействия на уровне языка и на уровне речи. Интерференция рассматривается как один из основных факторов, влияющих на процесс формирования языковых и речевых навыков обучающихся. Рассмотрение интерференции как процесса и результата процесса овладения неродным языком в условиях полиязычного образования в РК актуализирует лингводидактические проблемы обучения языкам в заданных условиях. В статье представлены примеры использования методов преодоления потенциальной интерференции при изучении темы «Виды глагола»: метод сопоставления и сравнения сходных и несходных явлений родного, неродного и иностранного языков, рассмотрены примеры активного преодоления внешней (межъязыковой) интерференции через использование метода моделирования. "
Б. Майлин прозасындағы көркемдік шындық
Authors: Құралай Темірбекқызы Жанұзақова  , Айдана Дүйсенбек
Published: April 2021

"Қазақ прозасының іргетасын қалаушы көркем сөз шеберлерінің бірі – Бейімбет Майлин. Әдебиеттің барлық: поэзия, проза, драматургия салаларында бірдей қажырлы да жемісті еңбек етіп, көркемдік жағынан құнды, көлемі жағынан мол, тәрбиелік мәні зор мұра қалдырды. Мақалада Бейімбет Майлиннің прозалық туындыларындағы заман шындығы мен көркемдік шындықтың арақатынасы, поэтика мәселелері пайымдалады. Жазушы шығармаларының идеялық-композициялық желісіндегі ұлттық-этнографиялық сипат болмысы, көркемдік дәстүр жалғастығы мәселесі айқындалады. Сонымен қатар оның туындыларындағы өмір шындығының тарихи шындықпен бейнеленуі, тарихилықтың көркем шындыққа негіз болуының ерекшеліктері зерделенеді. Б. Майлин туындылары ХХ ғасыр басындағы әдеби процесс контексінде қарастырылып, өз кезеңіндегі шығармашылықпен байланысы, сабақтастығы және сол арқылы оның өзіндік даралық сипаты зерделенеді. Б. Майлин прозасы қазақ ауылының бейнесін айқындауда жанрлық, көркемдік және тарихи-әдеби негізінің қуаттылығымен, сол арқылы өзінің даралық стилімен ерекшеленетіні туралы қорытынды жасалады. Қазақ әдебиетіне өзіндік ерекшелігімен келген жазушы Бейімбет Майлин прозасының тақырыптық, көркемдік ерекшеліктері сараланады. "
Культурное наследие Машхур Жусипа
Authors: Нартай Куандыкович Жусупов  , Мухаббат Нуржауовна Баратова
Published: April 2021

"В данной статье собраны и подробно рассмотрены культурное наследие известного казахского поэта, фольклориста Машхур Жусип Копеева, а также песни и сказания, легенды и рассказы поэтов XVIII–ХІХ веков. В статье идет речь о поэтах XVIII–XIX веков, об их песнях и сказаниях, легендах и рассказов. Также в статье подробно рассказывается, какими способами собирались народные образцы и попадали на бумагу, какие сведения содержали и т.д. В исследованиях использовались научные труды известных ученых-фольклористов, таких как: Н. Белозерский, Л. Жемчужников, М. К. Азадовский, П. В. Киреевский, З. И. Власова, Ш. Уалиханов, В. Радлов, Г. Н. Потанин, А. Диваев и др. "
К вопросу о современной русскоязычной поэзии Павлодарского Прииртышья
Authors: Елена Александровна Новосёлова  , Ольга Александровна Иост
Published: April 2021

"Статья посвящена исследованию творчества современных русскоязычных поэтов Павлодарского Прииртышья: Евгения Лумпова и Ярослава Двурекова. В статье выявлена специфика творчества современных авторов, объединенных по факту их рождения в Павлодаре. Основное внимание уделяется рассмотрению мировоззрения, нашедшего отражение в творчестве указанных авторов. Находя ответы на вопросы о смысле жизни, об истинных и ложных ценностях, о смерти и бессмертии, о любви, о роли поэта в современной жизни, о месте родного города в их судьбе, каждый из авторов имеет свой неповторимый мировоззренческий и художественный облик. Серьезный творческий потенциал, манера письма и своеобразный авторский почерк поэтов дают право констатировать правомерность укрепления в современном литературном процессе позиций региональной литературы Павлодарского Прииртышья. "
Evaluation of Marginal Adaptation of Composite Restorations Reinforced with Novel Enamel Inserts (Biofillers) in Class V Cavities
Authors: Hegde Reshma S , Biradar Nandini , Patil Basanagouda S , Moogi Prashant , Allappanavar Keerti S , Shetty Nithin K
Published: April 2021

Aim and objective

To evaluate the marginal adaptation at the tooth-restoration interface at enamel and cementum margins using composite restoration reinforced with novel enamel inserts/biofillers.

Materials and methods

Standardized class V box-shaped cavities were prepared in 40 extracted maxillary first premolar teeth which were divided randomly into four experimental groups consisting of 10 samples each. Group I: Bulk placement. Groups II: Horizontal incremental technique. Group III: Restoration with precured composite balls (megafillers). Group IV: Restoration with biofillers. All the cavities were restored with visible light-activated direct restorative nanocomposite. The specimens were thermocycled for 24 hours. After thermocycling, the samples were immersed in a 1% methylene blue for 4 hours and subsequently evaluated for microleakage. Microleakage scores (0–4) were obtained from gingival margins of class V restorations and analyzed by statistical analysis. Evaluation of the data was performed by Kruskal–Wallis one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Mann–WhitneyUtests.

Results

Microleakage scores have indicated restorations with biofillers showed best results followed by megafillers, incremental horizontal build-up, and bulk filling.

Conclusion

Biofillers provide a novel approach in improving microleakage and marginal adaptability of composite resin restorations.

Clinical significance

Incorporation of inserts, which are capable of adequate bonding to resin and tooth, may provide improved marginal adaptability and reduce microleakage around restorative margins.

How to cite this article

Biradar N, Allappanavar KS, Shetty NK,et al.Evaluation of Marginal Adaptation of Composite Restorations Reinforced with Novel Enamel Inserts (Biofillers) in Class V Cavities. J Contemp Dent Pract 2020;21(12):1368–1373.