bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Survey on the Practice of Taekyo Among Childbearing Couples
Authors: Choi Yun Soon , Kim Hyeon Ok
Published: September 2023

This study examined the antenatal care known as Taekyo. The sample consisted of 795 women and 564 men who had be seen in the antenatal care unit, delivery room, or postpartal care unit of general hospitals in Korea between March 20 and April 22, 1995. Data were collected using the "Taekyo questionnaire for childbearing women" and "Taekyo questionnaire for husbands of childbearing women" developed by researchers. Data were self-reported. Data were analyzed using the SPSS PC+ program, and descriptive statistics, T-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient were applied.The results of this study were as follows : 1. Encouragement to practice Taekyo was at a relatively high level. Items on Taekyo encouraging behaviors had a mean score of 3.51(33 items 5 point scale). According to the five categories of Taekyo encouraging behaviors, subjects indicated they practice "food intake(mean score 4.02)". "praying(mean score 3.78)", "cumulative virtuous deeds (mean score 3.58)". "mind and body management(mean score 3.47)", "maternal fetal interaction(mean score 3.15)".2. The childbearing women's practices related to forbidden behaviors by Taekyo were relatively high. Item on forbidden behaviors by Taekyo had a mean score 3.71(43 items 5 point scale). According to the five categories of forbidden behaviors by Taekyo, subjects indicated they practiced "voluntary abstention of drugs(mean score 4.78)," avoiding behaviors(mean score 4.78)," avoiding behaviors(mean score 3.77), "good behaviors(mean score 3.71)", "taboo on fetal death tendency (mean score 3.53)", "taboo on certain intake(mean score 3.47)".3. The practice score of husbands for childbearing women which related to Taekyo behaviors were relatively high. Item on Taekyo behaviors had a mean score 3.59(33 items 5 point scale). According to the six categories of Taekyo behavior, subjects indicated they practiced "mind and body management(mean score 3.94)", "praying(mean score 3.80)", "support of women's practice related to Taekyo(mean score 3.66)", "good behaviors(mean score 3.58)", "continency(mean score 3.33)", "paternal fetal interaction (mean score 3.19)".4. On the childbearing women's perception of Taekyo, most of the subjects(88%) had confidence in the positive effects of Taekyo on Child development. The result showed that the childbearing couples practiced Taekyo behavior relatively often and sincerely and most of the childbearing women had a positive perception of Taekyo's effect on prenatal child development.
Health Care Professionals' Attitudes, Knowledge and Confidence on Breastfeeding : Metropolitan Areas of South Korea
Authors: Kim Hea Sook
Published: September 2023

A 15-minute questionnaire on breast-feeding was administered to the obstetric and pediatric residents and nurses in metropolitan academic training programs in Korea to assess their attitudes to and knowledge about breast-feeding and their confidence in managing breast-feeding problems. The questionnaires were self-administered and confidential and the participants was 279. Overall, the study participants indicated a supportive attitude toward breast-feeding. Nurses had a highest supportive attitude than obstetric and pediatric residents. Their self-confidence in this area was inappropriately high with 48% of total, 49% of obstetric, 42% of pediatric and58% of nurses describing themselves as "confident" or "very confident" to manage common breast-feeding problems to compare their knowledge level answering only 46% of the questions correctly. However, nurses who did have continuing education about breast-feeding had significantly high in knowledge level.These health care professionals have extremely limited knowledge of breast-feeding management compared to their reported confidence. To be truly supportive of breast-feeding, health care professionals should receive didactic and clinical training to breast-feeding management.
Role Expectation on Spouse of Married Women in Korea
Authors: Chang Soon Bok , Tak Young Ran
Published: September 2023

This study sought to investigate the spousal role expectation of married childbearing women in the social milieu. The purpose of this study was to determine the spouse's role expectation which influences marital quality and marital satisfaction, thereby contributing to married women's psychological well-being and family health. Data collection was done in the prenatal care center of 212 early adult, married, middle class women living in the urban area by interview. Using content analysis, 701 answers were recoded by 12 categories of role expectation as family integration, health maintenance, father role taking, personal maturity, communication and respect, social confidence, division of domestic labor, relationship with extended family, recreation and hobby, social support for wife's self actualization, faith in sexual relationship, and security in economic status. The influence of the altered gender role in modern society, women's expectation is derived from somewhat masculinity and feminity in role expectation. The results are discussed in relation to prototype of gender role and relationships. These finding will assist nurse in the understanding and intervening the marital problem and women's health.
A Study on the Physical and Emotional Status, and Nursing Needs of the Pregnant Women Hospitalized by Premature Labor
Authors: Lee Pyung-Sook , Yoo EunKwang
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was to find out physical and emotional status, and nursing needs of the pregnant women who were hospitalized by premature labor. The research respondents were 96 from four university hospitals located in Seoul, from June 30, 1996 to September 15, 1995. The research instrument was consisted of 14 items of physical status(discomforts) (Cronbach's=0.86), 17 items of emotional status (Cronbach's=0.89), 33 items of nursing needs (Cronbach's=0.94), and they were measured by 5 level of Likert Scale. The data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean standard deviation, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient as the statistical techniques in the program of SPSS /PC+.The findings were as follows : 1. The perception of physical status was mainly about physicl discomforts during the hospital stay. It included four categories about 'absolute bed rest' 3.48, 'hospital foods' 3.38, 'health care teams' 2.93, 'hospital environment' 2.83 in order of mean of discomforts. The most discomfortable one was "malodor by not doing personal hygiene." The next one was "urination and defecation on the bed using bedpan." 2. The perception of the emotional status was about negative mood related to 'fetus', 'hospitalization' per se, 'personal situation.' The highest score of negative mood was "I am afraid that the baby's condition will be bad if I deliver it before full term." The next one was "I am anxious about whether my baby will be in incubator if I deliver it before full term." 3. The highest mean score among items of nursing needs was "Nurses observe whether the labor come or not with concerns." The next one was "Nurses observe the fetal movement and check up the fetal heart sound." The lowest one was "Nurses help me when I need bedpan." 4. Nursing needs were consisted of four categories : professional, educational, emotional, and physical. The mean score of them was high in professional, educational, emotional, and physical need in order.5. The physical status was related to "Experience of treatment for maintenance of pregnancy" and "Experience of hospitalization by premature labor". The emotional status was related to "Type of delivery" and "Type of habitation." 6. In the correlation of physical and emotional status, it showed positive correlation between them. The higher score of physical discomfort, the higher score of negative mood(r=0.5113, p=0.0001).
Nurses' Practices and Knowledge of Breastfeeding in Korea and Thailand
Authors: Lee Haekyung , Deoisres Wannee , Wacharasin Chintana
Published: September 2023

No abstract available.
The Burden in Women with Hysterectomy
Authors: Sung Mi Hye
Published: September 2023

When women are removed with their matrix which is a emotionally significant organ of symbol in psychologically adapting themselves to mother and woman, that is threatened and injured with woman role decisively. The nursing for women with hysterectomy is limited to medical treatment and the nursing related to troubles in psychology, emotion they experience in general situation due to operations is hardly realized. New basis for nursing can be realized when we both have relation with lived human experience related th health and become to be a part of it. We need to catch their experience due to the loss of matrix to understand women with hysterectomy. The subjects of the study were nine patients who were admitted to a gynecological ward of a hospital in Seoul, suffering from vaginal bleeding, back pain, abdominal pain and so on and diagnosing as non-cancer. The data were collected from April to May 1997 by listening to the subjects' expression of their experience and by participant observation of the subjects' reactions. A tape-recorder was used under the permission of the subjects, to prevent the loss of spoken information.The result of the study was as follows : The data on burden content from the interview were categorized as psych-emotional, physical, personal interaction, financial burden and maternal role burden. The factors which have influence on the burden of the subjects are an offer of information, support system, age, occupation, economic situation, family history, character, season, the existence of ovary and religion. In conclusion, since we ascertained that the nursing in the process of recovery decide the quality of life, though women with hysterectomy undergo various burden experience and adapt to it in the end, it is necessary to give them enough information and educate husband, having on important effect on the burden experience, to be a good supporter. And technically skilled nurses of consultant are thought to be able to contrive better qualitative life of women with hysterectomy as an important bridge between the subjects and their required information, since the nurses have their well-formed position of relationship of confidence through continuous contact with patients and their family.
A Study on the Relationship between Health Locus of Control and Health Promoting Behavior of College Women
Authors: Shin Hye Sook
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was to identify relationship between Health Locus of Control and Health Promoting Behavior.The subjects of the study were 333 college women at D University in Seoul. The tools used for this study were Health Locus of Control developed Wallston et al(1978) (by modified Lee, 1994), Health Promoting Behavior Scale developed by Walker et al(1987) were modified by researcher. The descriptive-correlational study were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, Stepwise Multiple Regression using SPSS/PC+ program.The results were as follows : 1. Hypotheses 1 that higher the score of internal health locus of control, the higher the score of the level of health promoting behavior was supported(r=.4951, p<.001). Hypotheses 2 that the higher the score of chance health locus of control, the lower the score of the level of health promoting behavior was supported(r=-.3383, p<.001).2. By means of multiple regression analysis, health locus of control provided explained 24.5% of health promoting behavior.3. General Characteristic variables significantly related to the health promoting behavior were a major field of study, experience in learning health education.
Recent Trends in the Nursing Research on the Woman's Health
Authors: Kho Kyo-Jung , Jeong Geum-Hee , Park Kyung-Min , Kim Hye-Young
Published: September 2023

For the purpose of improving the nursing research on the woman's health the nursing papers form Korea were analyzed by subject and content. This work was anticipated to suggest the direction of the research on the filed of woman's health. A total of 420 papers form journals, TaeHan KanHo, Journal of Academy of Nursing, and Journal of Korean Woman's Health Nursing Academic Society published from 1992 to 1996 were analyzed by Dubar and Patterson's criteria. The Number of papers on the woman's health was 66(15.7%), and those of mother's role and other clinical studies were 36(8.6%) and 318(75.7%) each. Special fields of the 66 papers on the woman's health and its number were health management 27(40.9%), psychiatric health 15(22.7%), postmenopausal period 5(7.6%), sex 5(7.6%), menstruation 4(6.1%), abortion 3(4.5%), nursing need 2(3.0%), violence 1(1.5%) respectively. Considering the subjects according to the life cycle, the subject on pregnant and middle aged period were more frequent than that on juvenile, peripartum, married or aged periods. According to above results, the proposals for promoting the nursing research were followings : Woman should be included as a subjects more frequently in general nursing research. The methodology for comparison study on the sex difference should be developed to understand the multifaced phenomena of woman's health. The factor analysis affecting the woman's health inadequately should be done.
Analysis of Published Nursing Research on Women's Health : 1988-1997
Authors: Lee Sook Hee , Park Young Sook
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was to identify the research contents and designs of nursing papers on women's health. 1010 articles published in 9 Korean nursing journals and 2070 matser's theses and doctoral dissertations in nursing science for 10 years from 1988 through 1997 were reviewed. The percent of nursing papers on women's health was 12.7%(390) out of a total of 3080 papers. Major findings of 390 nursing papers analyzed were as following : 1. The contents of nursing papers on women's health were classified by 8 categories such as childbirth(19.5%), women's health state and behavior(18.5%), motherhood(14.9%), cultural and social issues(12.8%), menstruation(8.7%), mental health(8.2%), caring activities(8.2%), and surgery(7.7%).2. The principal designs used in nursing papers on women's health were descriptive and correlational survey(70.8%), experimental design(14.4%), and qualitative research design(14.1%).
Relationship between Eating Disorder, Physical Symptoms and Mood Status among College Women
Authors: Lee Kyu Eun , Kim Nam Sun
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the eating disorder, physical symptoms and mood status among college women. Data has been analyzed by SPSS/PC using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient.The results of this study are as follows : 1. The mean of body weight and height of the subjects were 52.74kg, 163.10cm.2. Depending upon BMI, the obesity subjects were very rare(2.2%) and the rest(97.8%) were underweight or normal.3. The total mean score of anorexia nervosa was higher than bulimia nervosa.4. The total mean score of perceived physical symptoms was 20.68 and subjects in this study showed the tendency giving the highest core on the item of autonomic nerve system and menstural status.5. The total mean score of mood status was 58.49.6. The scores of eating behavior differed significantly by the BMI : The score was highest in the group of normal body weighted(t=5.75, p<.05).7. The scores of physical symptoms differed significantly by the BMI : The score was highest in the group of the underweight(t=7.35, p<.01).8. No significant difference was found on over all mood status scores according to the BMI.9. There was high positive correlation between BMI and eating disorder(r=.1633, p<.01), between eating disorder and physical symptoms(r=.2497, p<.0001), between eating disorder and mood status(r=.2328, p<.0001), and between symptoms and mood status(r=.5051, p<.0001).From the results of this study, the eating disorder among college woman was very serious and the perception of their body weight was distorted. Therefore, to prevent the eating disorder, professional intervention is needed.
The Effect of Breast-feeding Education on Method, Attitude, and Duration of Breast-feeding by Primipara
Authors: Ahn Sin Young , Koh Hyo Jung
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of breast-feeding education on skills, attitude, and duration of breast-feeding among primipara mothers. The educational session was offered during the period of June through September at the T medical center in T city. One hundred thirteen primiparas were selected for this study, 61 who received breast-feeding education(lecture, demonstration, and additional telephone counselling) served as the experimental group and 52 who did not as the control. Data collection was done by self-reporting method. the reliability of the instrument was from .77 to .87. Duration of breast-feeding was classified into I through V according to the WHO classification at the time point of 4 weeks of postpartum.The results were as follows : 1. The score for the experimental group on the skills of breast-feeding techniques was significantly higher than those of the control(t=9.12, p=.000).2. The score for the experimental group in the attitude toward breast-feeding was significantly higher than those of the control(t=6.12, p=.000).3. Duration of breast-feeding for the experimental group was significantly longer than that of the control at the time of 4 weeks of postpartum(chi2=20.79, p=.001).In conclusion, the breast-feeding practice can be promoted effectively through the breast-feeding education.
A Direction for Nurse-Midwife's Expanded Roles for women's Health in the new millenium
Authors: Yoo Eun Kwang , Kim Young Hee , Lee Chang Eun , Kim Yong Bun , Lee Mee Young
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was to figure out a direction for midwifes' expanded roles for integrative woman's health care focused on health promotion & maintenance and primary prevention of women's health disorders including family health in the new millenium as a primary women's health practitioner. Data sources used for analysis were the book published from International Confederation of Midwives including role, code, situation and others from the international aspects : the empirical data from direct contact by participation in the ICM held in Manila, Philipine, May 22-26, 1999 : and documentation of Korean Midwives Association. Historical and current changing perspectives toward woman's health & nurse-midwifery and the reality women's health & nurse-midwifery and the reality of expand role that should be acquired toward the new millenium are discussed. In conclusion, Nurse-midwives are the very primary women's health care providers who can provide not only the exact needs of women who have health related problems, which are developed in the unique socio-cultural context women are belonged to, but also reproductive affairs including labor and delivery as it was midwive's traditional role, not just as practitioner, educator, counselor but conscious raiser for women's right. Futhermore, for this, thorough preparation through various kind of active and contemplated approach such as remodeling roles and education and continuing education system, training for high skilled & technical action, making laws and policy, and others is absolutely required.
Sit to stand test and handgrip strength in men and women with post-COVID-19 syndrome without invasive ventilator support: insights from a Brazilian observational study
Authors: Ribeiro Neto Frederico , Machado Marques Juliane , Brasiliano da Paz Matheus , Boiteux Uchôa Cavalcanti Eduardo , Gomes Costa Rodrigo Rodrigues
Published: September 2023

Two valid tests have been used in patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome (coronavirus disease 2019) due to their fast application, feasibility, and accessible procedures, facilitating data collection in large groups: the 1-minute sit-to-stand test (STS) and handgrip strength (HGS) dynamometry. The present study aimed to: i) assess the STS and HGS in men and women with post-COVID-19 syndrome who did not require invasive ventilator support; ii) correlate STS repetitions and HGS with time since the COVID-19 diagnosis. Six hundred and twenty-two men and women with post-COVID-19 syndrome who did not require invasive ventilatory support performed the STS and HGS tests at the beginning of the rehabilitation process at a Reference Hospital Centre. Women over 55 years presented significantly lower results compared to participants under 55 years. For the HGS, the median ranged from 42 to 48 kg and 70 to 81 kg for the female and male groups, respectively. The correlations of time since COVID-19 diagnosis with STS and HGS ranged from -0.16 to 0.02 (p>0.05) for women and men, respectively.The test results could be used for the initial analysis of normality ranges and comparisons with other populations. Although STS repetitions and HGS presented low and non-significant correlations with time since the COVID-19 diagnosis, some COVID-19 sequelae were not measured, so these data should be interpreted with caution.
Anatomy and Isometry of Coracoclavicular Ligaments: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Yashavantha Kumar C , Kambhampati Srinivas B S , Ashok Kumar P , Devraj N S , Rahul Krishnan P
Published: September 2023

Purpose of the Study:

Anatomical reconstruction of acromioclavicular joint require understanding the morphology of coracoclavicular ligament attachments. There are very few studies on morphology of coracoclavicular ligaments in the literature. There are no Indian studies looking at the morphology of these ligaments and racial differences have been identified in absolute measurements. We set out to study the morphology of coracoclavicular ligaments in Indian cadavers and define isometric points for tunnel placements during AC joint reconstructions.

Methods:

The current study was a cross sectional observation study on 30 cadaveric shoulders. The lateral half of clavicle was dissected from the cadaver and the footprints of the coracoclavicular attachment marked with marker and various anatomical parameters like morphology, distribution, and clavicular attachment sites of the trapezoid and conoid ligaments were measured once using a vernier caliper and a measuring scale.

Results:

The isometric point for trapezoid ligament is 16.3mm from lateral end of clavicle on anterior half of the clavicle whereas the isometric point for conoid ligament is 33.6 mm from lateral end of clavicle on the posterior half of the clavicle. Average distance between the two isometric points is 17.3 mm.

Conclusion:

The measurements in the Indian population corroborate with the measurements presented in the literature for the trapezoid and conoid components of the coracoclavicular ligaments. Our recommendations of isometric points for trapezoid and conoid tunnel preparation may help the Indian subcontinent surgeons perform anatomic reconstructions of the acromioclavicular joints in acute and chronic injuries.
The Magnitude of Medicolegal Postmortem that Turned Out to be Natural Deaths at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital
Authors: Azeke Akhator Terence , Imasogie Dele Eradebamwen
Published: September 2023

Background:

The periodic determination of the degree to which coroner’s postmortems done for medicolegal purpose turns out to be natural death is desirable because of its usefulness to health administrators in making policies that may ultimately help in focusing on the prevention/management of the causes of natural death at that particular point in time.

Objective:

The objective of the study was to determine the causes of natural death by a retrospective analysis of coroner’s postmortem cases carried out on patients ages 19 years and above who died from natural causes.

Materials and Methods:

A 3-year period, retrospective postmortem study was carried out at the Department of Anatomic Pathology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital on 530 medicolegal postmortem cases ages 19 and above who died from natural causes.

Results:

Natural deaths were observed in 530 cases of medicolegal postmortems. Their age ranged from 19 years to 104 years with a mean age and standard deviation of 52.82 ± 16.71 years. Cardiovascular system diseases were the most common causes of natural deaths with hypertensive heart disease being the most common underlining cause. Infections and diseases of the respiratory, gastrointestinal system/hepatic, central nervous and endocrine systems were also noteworthy.

Conclusions:

Most causes of natural deaths were in the middle ages with the noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) accounting for a significant proportion. To reduce premature death from NCDs by 2030, the World Health Organization (WHO) is promoting its prevention and management. It is our desire that our health administrators would adopt this WHO model incorporating postmortem-based data for planning of medical services.
Prevalence of Presbyopia, Near-spectacle Use and Near Vision Spectacle Coverage among Cosmetologists in Mushin Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Agboola Sefinat Abiola , Aribaba Olufisayo T. , Sam-Oyerinde Olapeju Ajoke , Oduneye Femi Chukwunonso , Sule Ademola Ayoda , Akinsola Folasade Bolanle
Published: September 2023

Objective:

To determine the prevalence of presbyopia, near vision spectacle use, and near vision spectacle coverage among cosmetologists in Mushin Local Government Area of Lagos State with the view of creating awareness, improving productivity and quality of life.

Materials and Methods:

This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted among 251 cosmetologists aged ≥ 30 years. All participants had a standardized protocol including visual acuity assessment (distance and near), anterior and posterior segment examinations, and refraction. Spectacle usage, work, productivity impact, and near vision-related quality of life (NVQoL) information were obtained with the 12-item Near Vision–Related Quality of Life Questionnaire, the Spectacle Usage section of the World Health Organisation (WHO) Spectacle and Work Productivity Questionnaire. Data obtained was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23 (IBM Corp. Armonk, NY).

Results:

Two hundred and fifty-one cosmetologists were studied with a male to female ratio of 1:6.4 and overall mean age of 43.9 ± 6.5 years. The prevalence of presbyopia was 67.3% and the unmet need was 51.3%. Eighty-four percent of presbyopic participants reported severe difficulty with their NVQoL compared to 16% of non-presbyopes. There was a statistically significant association between uncorrected presbyopia and reduced NVQoL (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

This study demonstrated a relatively high prevalence of presbyopia, high unmet need, and a significant reduction in the near vision-related quality of life. This indicates the need for improved access to refractive services and spectacles among this group of artisans in whom near vision plays an indispensable role
Glomus Tumour of Hand––A Commonly Misdiagnosed Pathology
Authors: Dhingra Mohit , Niraula Bishwa Bandhu , Regmi Anil , Bansal Shivam , Singh Vivek , Phulware Ravi Hari
Published: September 2023

Introduction:

Glomus tumours are benign neoplasms arising from the glomus body, a network of specialized neuromyoarterial structures containing arteriovenous anastomosis and regulating temperature. It is often misdiagnosed as paronychia, arthritis, traumatic sequelae, and many other conditions including psychiatric misdiagnosis. A typical triad of paroxysmal pain, point tenderness, and cold intolerance characterize it. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice, either by transungual or lateral approaches.

Materials and Methods:

We carried out a retrospective study of cases operated in our department in the last 4 years. Patients are evaluated based on either clinical parameters (Love test, Hildreth test, and cold insensitivity) or radiological parameters (X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging). Parameters such as age, gender, tumour side, presenting complaints, duration of symptoms, diagnostic modality, follow-up duration, recurrence, and postoperative nail deformity were analysed. Visual analogue scale (VAS) score was the primary statistical parameter, and the change in VAS score following surgery was analysed with paired t test.

Result:

Mean preoperative VAS was 7.75 ± 0.5; in a total of four patients, and following surgery, VAS was reduced to a mean of 1 ± 1.5. Paired t test on the change of VAS score following surgery showed a significant difference in the VAS score (P = 0.002838). The average age was 39.25. The male-to-female ratio was 1:3, and the mean follow-up was 16 months (range 2–48 months). The mean duration of symptoms was 5.75 years (range 2–10 years). Two cases were in the right-hand side, and two cases were on the left-hand side; the thumb was most commonly involved with 50% (n = 2) incidence.

Conclusion:

Glomus tumours are often misdiagnosed and are intervened with different treatment options before being surgically intervened. With complete surgical excision, recurrence is nil but postoperative nail growth requires nearly 10 months.

Level of Evidence:

Level IV
Postoperative Sequelae Following Surgical Extraction of Impacted Mandibular Third-Molar Extraction Using the Complete Closure Versus the Sutureless Techniques
Authors: Chukwuma Benedict Chimezie , Taiwo Abdurrazaq Olarenwaju , Akinmoladun Victor I. , Ibikunle Adebayo Aremu , Bala Mujtaba
Published: September 2023

Background:

Wound closure techniques affect the severity of inflammatory complications that ensue following surgical extraction of the impacted mandibular third molar (M3). The choice of the technique remains a topic for discussion because reports regarding their associated sequelae are split. This study therefore compares the pain, swelling and trismus in the complete closure and the sutureless/non-closure techniques.

Materials and Methods:

This was a prospective, randomised clinical study carried out at the Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery department of a tertiary hospital. A total of 74 participants requiring impacted mandibular M3 extractions were randomised into a complete closure group and a sutureless technique group. They were subjected to the procedure under similar technique and conditions and followed up for a week to assess their experiences of pain, swelling and trismus. Variables were recorded and analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software program, version 25.0. The critical level of significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results:

The sutureless group had statistically significantly higher postoperative pain on days 1, 3, 4 and 5 (P < 0.05) and lesser severity of trismus on day 7 (P < 0.05) than the complete closure group. There was no significant difference in swelling.

Conclusion:

Compared with the complete closure group, the sutureless group had similar severity of swelling, less trismus but had higher pain severity in the week following M3 surgery.
Factors Affecting the Acquisition of Basic Surgical Skills Among Surgery Interns in Teaching Hospitals in Southeast, Nigeria
Authors: Imediegwu Kelechi Uzodinma , Uwaezuoke Angelica Chinecherem , Onyebuchukwu Chiamaka Q. , Dimson Chinonso J. , Abor Jude C. , Ngwu Amarachi , Orerome Owhiri , Anyaehie Udo E.
Published: September 2023

Background:

Upon graduation from medical school, doctors in Nigeria undergo a compulsory internship program which includes rotation through four core specialties: Internal medicine, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Paediatrics and Surgery. Interns are expected to acquire basic surgical skills during their rotation in surgery.

Objectives:

To identify the factors that affect the acquisition of basic surgical skills by surgery interns (house officers) during their one-year internship program in teaching hospitals in Southeast Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 73 surgery interns were sampled using a descriptive cross-sectional, epidemiological survey that employed self-administered Google forms. The semi-structured questionnaire was electronically distributed to interns currently in surgery rotations in their internship program in South-east, Nigeria. The data was analyzed using IBM’s Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 and presented in tables and charts. Consent was obtained from all respondents and measures were put in place to limit different forms of bias.

Results:

The most important factors that negatively affected the acquisition of surgical skills by interns were fatigue from overwork (55.4%), poor mentorship (47.3%) and inadequate skill training courses (44.6%). There were no statistically significant correlations amongst the factors that affected the acquisition of basic surgical skills by house officers.

Conclusion:

Some of the major limitations to acquisition of surgical skills by house officers that have undergone the surgery rotation were identified to be the workload, poor mentorship and inadequate structured skill training courses.

Recommendation:

Provision of better work conditions to limit work fatigue and improve learning. The training of house officers undergoing their surgery rotation should be supplemented by periodic assessment and mentorship programs by senior doctor to improve the acquisition of basic surgical skills by house officers.
Impact of Virtual Resources and Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Plastic Surgery Residency and Training among Residents in Southern Nigeria
Authors: Imediegwu Kelechi Uzodinma , Magbo Chidera V. , Umeji Ebube I. , Azumah Emmnauel K. , Onyebuchukwu Chiamaka Q. , Okonkwo Kenechukwu Judah , Abor Jude C. , Uduezue Anthonia
Published: September 2023

Background:

Despite the increased usage of virtual, nonphysical resources for medical education during the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, plastic surgical training still suffered adversely in some aspects.

Objectives:

The aim of this study was to explore the overall impact of virtual resources and effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on plastic surgery training among residents in Southern Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study conducted among senior plastic surgery residents in southern Nigeria using a well-structured online questionnaire carried out over a 3-month period. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software program, version 25.0. Measures were taken to significantly minimise response, answer order, and other survey research errors/bias. A pilot study was done. Consent was obtained from all participants.

Results:

A total of 29 plastic surgery residents completed the questionnaire. Mean age was 35.15 years with standard deviation of 6.31. The response rate was 72.5%. According to a majority of the residents, there were no significant changes in the frequency of burn, hand, and facial injury cases during the pandemic; training courses on plastic surgery (44.3%) and operative cases decreased (48.3%), whereas there was a significant increase in intraoperative teaching (27.6%) as well as simulations and conferences (41.4%). Majority of the respondents also alluded to the significant financial and psychological impacts of the pandemic on residents and a significant decline in cases with general anaesthesia as compared with cases with local anaesthesia.

Conclusion:

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a mixture of significant positive and negative changes in the plastic surgery training of residents.
The use of Preputial Dartos Flap in the Primary Repair of Distal Hypospadias
Authors: Chakraborty Partha , Mandal Kartik Chandra , Roy Sourav , Tewary Shashi Kant , Halder Pankaj Kumar , Kumar Anil
Published: September 2023

Background:

An additional flap during the tubularization of incised urethral plate urethroplasty (TIPU) is believed to minimize the postoperative complications. It is still debatable whether using an additional flap is worth the risk given the hazards associated with doing so. This study aims to re-evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of TIPU with or without a preputial dartos (PD) flap.

Materials and Methods:

We assessed the results of patients with distal hypospadias who underwent surgery in our institute over the past 2 years. The urethral plate’s width, thickness, and depth, the periurethral tissue’s quality, and the width of the glans at the mid-glans level determined whether the neourethra was covered with a PD flap or left uncovered. Data on intra-operative blood loss, operating time, length of hospital stay, postoperative complications, and outcome were analysed.

Results:

There were 96 patients: 58 received an extra PD flap, whereas the other 38 did not. In the flap group, ventral skin necrosis was a prevalent problem, whereas meatal stenosis predominated in the no-flap group. Both the flap group (25.66%) and the no-flap group (23.86%) experienced comparable postoperative complications (P = 0.503). In comparison to the no-flap group, the flap group showed statistically significant differences (P<0.001) in intra-operative blood loss (22.10 ± 6.96 vs. 10.34 ± 3.02 mL), operating time (96.34 ± 6.661 vs. 71.39 ± 9.76 min), and hospital stay (10.04 ± 0.87 vs. 8.47 ± 1.64 days).

Conclusion:

The additional PD flap does not always affect the result of TIPU in terms of complications.
Congenital Palatal Fistula with Cleft of the Soft Palate
Authors: Achebe Johnson Uchechukwu , Okwesili Obinna Remigius , Onumaegbu Okechukwu Oliver
Published: September 2023

Congenital palatal fistula or perforation is rare, unlike the acquired form which commonly results from cleft palate repair. Congenital palatal fistulae are often associated with submucous cleft palate. Only a few of this fistulae are diagnosed shortly after birth. We present the case of a 3-year old girl with congenital palatal fistula coexisting with cleft of the soft palate that was noticed shortly after birth. The palate was repaired using Bardach’s palatoplasty and the client was subsequently referred to a speech therapist.
Ultrasonographic Intravesical Prostatic Protrusion in Men with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Okedere Tolulope Adebayo , Idowu Bukunmi Michael , Onigbinde Stephen Olaoluwa
Published: September 2023

Objectives:

To study the relationship between sonographically measured intravesical prostate protrusion and international prostate symptoms score (IPSS), as well as prostate volume, in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia at a single health facility.

Materials and Methods:

This was a cross-sectional observational study of one hundred men (age >40 years) diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Their International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS) was assessed using the standardised IPSS instrument. Abdominal ultrasound was done to measure the intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP), while prostate volume was estimated transabdominally and transrectally. Correlations between parameters were quantified with Spearman’s correlation test. P ≤ 0.05 was statistically significant.

Results:

The mean age was 62.84 ± 9.0 years (Range =42–79 years). The mean IPSS was 20.99 ± 6.42 (range of 5–30). Seventy-three percent of the men in this study had intravesical prostatic protrusion on ultrasound. The mean IPP was 13.0 ± 4.0 mm. Of the 73 men with IPP, 17 (23.3%), 29 (39.7%), and 27 (37%) had grade I, grade II and grade III IPP, respectively. The mean transabdominal prostate volume (TPVA) and transrectal prostate volume (TPVT) were 71 ± 14 ml and 69 ± 13 ml, respectively. IPP had a statistically significant positive correlation with all the other parameters. The strongest correlation (very high correlation) was with the TPVA (r=0.797, P < 0.0001), followed by a moderate correlation with the IPSS (r =0.513, P < 0.0001). TPVT, transition zone volume, transition zone index, presumed circle area ratio, and quality of life score yielded slightly weaker moderate correlation with IPP, while IPP correlated weakly with age.

Conclusion:

IPP correlated well with multiple clinical and sonographic parameters. It correlated better with TPVA than TPVT.
Predicting Major Complications Following Laparotomy for Gastrointestinal Conditions Using Surgical Apgar score
Authors: Muhammad Saminu , Sheshe Abdurrahman Abba , Naaya Habila Ulea , Suleiman Ibrahim Eneye , Bello Usman Mohammed
Published: September 2023

Background:

Surgical Apgar score (SAS) is one of the risk assessment tools used in predicting postoperative complications. It is a simple and inexpensive tool composed of three intra-operative variables; lowest heart rate, lowest mean arterial blood pressure, and estimated blood loss, which are scored with a total of 10 points, based on which patients are risk stratified for developing post-operative complications. SAS was found to have good predictive accuracy for post-operative morbidity and mortality. The main objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of SAS in predicting major complications following laparotomy for gastrointestinal conditions.

Materials and Methods:

The study was a prospective observational study, conducted in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria. Eighty-three adult patients, who required laparotomy for gastrointestinal conditions were recruited. Data was collected using proforma, and patients were followed up for 30 days. The intra-operative parameters for SAS were scored, and according to the scores, patients were risk stratified for developing post-operative complications. The data were analyzed; sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the SAS were determined.

Results:

A total of 83 patients were recruited in the study. About half (44.6%) of the patients developed major post-operative complications and a mortality rate of 7.2%. Most of the patients that died had low SAS. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and AUC of SAS found were: 83.8%. 47.8%, 63.9% and 0.74 (95% CI; 0.63–0.84, P < 0.001) respectively.

Conclusion:

This study revealed that SAS is efficacious in predicting major complications following laparotomy for gastrointestinal conditions.
The adjunctive effect of locally delivered spirulina gel versus spirulina nanoparticles gel to nonsurgical treatment of stage II, grade B periodontitis: a randomized, controlled, clinical trial
Authors: Altabrizy Eman A. H. , ElGammal Lobna A. A. , Attia Mohamed A. S. , Haggag Yusuf A. , Badr Ahmed M. M.
Published: September 2023

Background

One of the cornerstone adjunctive properties for delivering an antimicrobial agent in nonsurgical periodontal therapy is to achieve sufficient concentration and proper durability. This study was conducted to evaluate and to compare the effect of spirulina gel versus spirulina nanogel clinically and immunologically in the nonsurgical treatment of stage II, grade B periodontitis.

Methods

30 patients with a diagnosis of (stage II, grade B periodontitis) were randomly selected and divided into three groups, 10 patients in each group. Group (A) received scaling and root planing SRP with placebo gel ‘methyl cellulose’, group (B) received SRP with spirulina gel, and group (C) received SRP with spirulina nanogel. All the patients received one session full mouth SRP and immediate placement of the gel followed by frequent application after 1, 2, and 4 weeks. The following clinical parameters: bleeding on probing (BOP), probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were evaluated at baseline (before treatment), 3 and 6 months. Also, immunological assessment of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was done.

Results

There was statistically significant clinical improvement in favor to group B and C at all-time intervals follow-up periods when compared with group A where (P < 0.05). The immunological assessment showed statistically significant difference in group B and C when compared with group A at 6 months.

Conclusion

Adjunctive application of spirulina gel or spirulina nanogel to conventional mechanical therapy improved the clinical and immunological parameters over the traditional treatment alone. However, the strategy of spirulina nanogel may represents a promising natural product as an adjunctive treatment of chronic periodontitis.
Efficacy of adjunct topical application of 5-Fluorouracil in reducing the recurrence of odontogenic keratocyst
Authors: Essa Emad El Said Fahim , Bedair Rafic Ramadan , Eid Mohamed Kamal
Published: September 2023

Background

The main objectives for the management of odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) are the complete eradication of the lesion and thorough curettage to minimize the chance of recurrence. There are many modalities used as adjunctive therapies with varying success using various compounds in the form of thermal and chemical cauterization, which have been used in conjunction with conservative surgical treatment.

Purpose

This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the effect of topical 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) as an adjunct therapy in reducing the risk of recurrence of OKCs.

Patients and methods

Twenty-four patients with proven incisional biopsy as odontogenic keratocysts with no relevant systemic diseases were included in this study. The patients were treated with 5-FU cream after enucleation and peripheral ostectomy of the odontogenic keratocyst.

Results

The radiographic results showed a significant change in bone density at the site of excised lesions compared with immediate postoperative radiographs. No radiological signs of recurrence were found during the follow-up periods.

Conclusion

Conservative enucleation of OKC combined with topical application of 5- Fluorouracil as a chemical adjunct is an efficient, novel, and promising technique in reducing the recurrence of OKC.
Simulation Technique for Optimizing AC System Sizing & Cabin Cooling Performance for Customer Comfort
Authors: Bhangale Shekhar , Umbarkar Shriganesh , Kumar Mukesh , Saha Aniket , Gakhar Sahil , Khan Majid
Published: September 2023

The automotive sector is evolving both globally and as well as in India. The Indian customer’s expectations from an automobile are also evolving at fast pace. This is resulting in a continuous shrinkage of the time available for vehicle development. To meet customers’ expectation of superior cabin thermal comfort it is important to predict cabin cooling performance at early stage. This can be achieved through thermal simulation.

Existing studies of cabin thermal simulation explained the method of co-simulation. Wherein, Input for the cabin was used a grill air temperature which was obtained from the physical test. It showed good correlation for the cabin inside air temperature with actual test.

However, cabin cooling performance does not only depend on cabin structure & layout but also, affected by AC system & its component level performance. AC systems and components were not considered in previous studies. As a result, replacing or modifying the AC system components does not allow us to estimate the cabin inside air temperature.

Therefore, it is important to link AC system with existing co-simulation methods.

This paper explains that, how the AC system is connected to existing co-simulation model and carryout the real-time cabin cooling simulation.

Revised co-simulation approach will help in the development of an effective AC system and predict cabin inside air temperature while considering the impact of AC system components on cabin cooling.