bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Difference of Disease Injury and Postoperative Recovery in the Occupational Characteristics of Thoracolumbar Fracture Patients: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Li Ting‐Ting , Wei Yi , Zhou Hong‐Su , Xiao Qiu‐Xia , Wang Chong , Xiong Liu‐Lin , Ao Jun , Wang Ting‐Hua , Yuan Hao
Published: August 2022

Objectives

Understanding the occupational characteristics of patients is not only related to patients' life and health, but also conducive to improving their happiness. However, there were no studies that had been conducted on the relationship between occupation characteristic and postoperative recovery in patients with spinal fractures. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the occupation characteristics of patients with thoracolumbar fracture and the characteristics of disease injury, treatment, and recovery so as to reduce the incidence and improve postoperative rehabilitation.

Methods

Patients (n = 719) with thoracolumbar fractures were recruited. Patients were grouped according to the characteristic of occupations: unemployed group (n = 299), white‐collar worker group (n = 20), and blue‐collar worker group (n = 400). Data were collected, including the characteristics, injury and treatment information, and the recovery records for 1 year after operation. One‐way ANOVA analysis, χ2 test, and binary logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship among these factors.

Results

Male, high‐falling injuries and single segment injury (mainly T 11, T 12 and L2) were common in patients with thoracolumbar fractures, especially in the blue‐collar worker group (70.8%, 78.3%, and 85.4%). Compared with the unemployed group, the patients in the white‐collar worker group and blue‐collar worker group had a higher proportion of young patients, a higher height and weight, a lesser rate of hypertension or diabetes. One week after injury, 73.4% of patients underwent surgery, with the blue‐collar worker group accounted for the largest proportion. One month after surgery, 77.1% of patients were able to get out of bed, with the white‐collar worker group accounted for the largest proportion. In the postoperative recovery information, patients in the blue‐collar worker group were more likely to have severe low back pain (OR = 2.023, 95% CI: 1.440‐2.284) and pain‐disturbed sleep (OR = 2.287, 95% CI: 1.585‐3.299) than those who in the unemployed group.

Conclusions

Blue‐collar workers, with a high risk of thoracolumbar fracture, have a higher incidence of low back leg pain and pain‐disturbed sleep in the recovery after thoracolumbar fracture surgery, and this requires more attention.
Risk factors for periodontitis & peri‐implantitis
Authors: Darby Ivan
Published: August 2022

Risk is part of all health professions and generally indicates the chance of getting some form of illness. For dental practitioners this includes periodontitis or peri‐implantitis, the focus of this issue. Many risk factors are involved in the development of disease and most likely interact or overlap. Most patients will probably have multiple risk factors, some of which will be the same for both periodontitis and peri‐implantitis. The most recent classification of periodontal disease recognises the importance of risk factors and contemporary dental practice requires that clinicians be aware of and manage them. Broadly speaking risk factors can be patient, environment or practitioner related. Patient risk factors would include socio‐economic status, smoking, substance use disorders, diabetes, diet and dietary supplements, mental health disorders, old age, poor home dental care or understanding of the need for good home care and use of medications. Environmental modification of the host response through gene function is an emerging risk factor. Lastly, practitioner‐related factors in implant dentistry are now known to affect risk. These would include the use of digital technology, but patient related factors such implant location and the body’s reaction to an implant itself add to the risk of developing disease. This edition of Periodontology provides an uptodate review of many of these risk factors and their impact summarising current knowledge.
Periodontitis and implant complications in diabetes
Authors: Nibali Luigi , Gkranias Nikolaos , Mainas Giuseppe , Di Pino Antonino
Published: August 2022

Epidemiologic evidence indicates that periodontitis is more frequent in patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus than in healthy controls, suggesting that it could be considered the “sixth complication” of diabetes. Actually, diabetes mellitus and periodontitis are two extraordinarily prevalent chronic diseases that share a number of comorbidities all converging toward an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Periodontal treatment has recently been shown to have the potential to improve the metabolic control of diabetes, although long‐term studies are lacking. Uncontrolled diabetes also seems to affect the response to periodontal treatment, as well as the risk to develop peri‐implant diseases. Mechanisms of associations between diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease include the release of advanced glycation end products as a result of hyperglycemia and a range of shared predisposing factors of genetic, microbial, and lifestyle nature. This review discusses the evidence for the risk of periodontal and peri‐implant disease in diabetic patients and the potential role of the dental professional in the diabetes‐periodontal interface.
Does implant location influence the risk of peri‐implantitis?
Authors: Moraschini Vittorio , Kischinhevsky Ingrid Chaves Cavalcante , Sartoretto Suelen Cristina , de Almeida Barros Mourão Carlos Fernando , Sculean Anton , Calasans‐Maia Monica Diuana , Shibli Jamil Awad
Published: August 2022

Peri‐implantitis is characterized by nonreversible and progressive loss of supporting bone and is associated with bleeding and/or suppuration on probing. Peri‐implant disease is considered as the main etiologic factor related to implant failure. Peri‐implant disease has a pathogenesis similar to that of periodontal disease, both being triggered by an inflammatory response to the biofilm accumulation. Although the prevalence of peri‐implantitis has been evaluated by several clinical studies with different follow‐ups, there are currently little data on the impact of implant location and the prevalence of peri‐implantitis. The aim of this review, therefore, was to summarize the evidence concerning the prevalence of peri‐implantitis in relation to implant location and associated risk predictors. Even though most studies evaluating the prevalence of peri‐implantitis in relation to implant location are cross‐sectional or retrospective, they suggest that the occurrence of peri‐implantitis is most prevalent in the anterior regions of the maxilla and mandible. Moreover, it seems that there is a higher prevalence of peri‐implantitis in the maxilla than in the mandible.
Prevalence and incidence of mental health issues amongst adults with diabetes at risk of foot complications in the European Union: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Williams Jennifer Kate , Collings Richard , Kent Bridie , Paton Joanne
Published: August 2022

Objective:

The objective of this systematic review is to evaluate and synthesize the evidence to establish the prevalence and incidence of mental health issues in people at risk of diabetic foot ulceration, living within the European Union.

Introduction:

Due to the large health and financial burden of diabetic foot ulceration, prevention is a key focus for clinicians and researchers. Current foot ulcer prevention strategies are directed at the assessment and management of physical pathologies and risk factors for diabetic foot ulceration. Psychological burden and risk factors are often overlooked. This review will determine the prevalence and incidence of mental health issues among adults with diabetes mellitus, who are at risk of foot ulceration. The review will focus on European Union countries.

Inclusion criteria:

Studies considered for inclusion will report on adults with a formal diagnosis of either type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus, who are at risk of foot ulceration and mental health issues. Studies will have been completed in the European Union.

Methods:

A search of MEDLINE, CINAHL, AMED, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, and PsycINFO will be conducted for studies published or translatable into English. Unpublished and gray literature will be searched. Studies will be selected against the review inclusion/exclusion criteria, and selected studies will be critically appraised, with data extraction and synthesis completed using the relevant JBI systematic review tools.

Systematic review registration:

PROSPERO CRD42021260815
Voice quality in Australian English
Authors: Loakes Debbie , Gregory Adele
Published: August 2022

This study is an acoustic investigation of voice quality in Australian English. The speech of 33 Indigenous Australians (Aboriginal English speakers) is compared to that of 28 Anglo Australians [Mainstream Australian English (MAE) speakers] from two rural locations in Victoria. Analysis of F0 and H1*-H2* reveals that pitch and voice quality differ significantly for male speakers according to dialect and for female speakers according to location. This study highlights previously undescribed phonetic and sociophonetic variability in voice quality in Australian English.
Production of coda voicing contrast of L2 English by native Mandarin Chinese speakers in comparison with native Korean speakers
Authors: Du Ziqian , Kim Sahyang , Cho Taehong
Published: August 2022

This study investigates native language effects on phonetic encoding of coda voicing contrast in L2 English by Chinese versus Korean speakers. Results show much smaller phonetic differences in both vowel duration and F0 in marking coda voicing contrast for Chinese speakers than Korean speakers, despite native Chinese speakers' experience with lexical tones. They suggest that producing an F0-related cue in L2 is conditioned by position-specific phonological richness and use of F0 in the speaker's L1. The results are discussed in terms of contrast maximization and effort minimization with reference to the information structure occurring in both L1 and L2.
Vascular Proteome Responses Precede Organ Dysfunction in a Murine Model of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia
Authors: Sorrentino James T. , Golden Gregory J. , Morris Claire , Painter Chelsea D. , Nizet Victor , Campos Alexandre Rosa , Smith Jeffrey W. , Karlsson Christofer , Malmström Johan , Lewis Nathan E. , Esko Jeffrey D. , Gómez Toledo Alejandro
Published: August 2022

Sepsis is a life-threatening response to infection that results in immune dysregulation, vascular dysfunction, and organ failure. New methods are needed for the identification of diagnostic and therapeutic targets.
Hibifolin, a Natural Sortase A Inhibitor, Attenuates the Pathogenicity of Staphylococcus aureus and Enhances the Antibacterial Activity of Cefotaxime
Authors: Song Wu , Wang Li , Zhao Yinghua , Lanzi Gongga , Wang Xingye , Zhang Chi , Guan Jiyu , Wang Wei , Guo Xuerui , Meng Ying , Wang Bingmei , Zhao Yicheng
Published: August 2022

We identified hibifolin as a sortase A (SrtA) inhibitor by screening the natural compounds library, which effectively inhibited the activity of SrtA with an IC
50
value of 31.20 μg/mL. Hibifolin attenuated the pathogenic behavior of
Staphylococcus aureus
, including adhesion, invasion, and biofilm formation.
New-onset contralateral delayed extradural haematoma in an operated case of extradural haematoma: life-threatening if not diagnosed early
Authors: Pannem Rajkumar , Rekhapalli Rajasekhar , Basu Garga , Arora Rajnish
Published: August 2022

Head trauma is still a leading cause of mortality in neurosurgical practice. Among various post-traumatic pathologies, extradural haematoma (EDH) is an acute condition that has good neurological outcomes if intervened promptly. New contralateral delayed EDH (DEDH) in an operated case of ipsilateral EDH is a very rare entity, which if not diagnosed timely may lead to devastating outcomes, sometimes even death. We present a case of newly found contralateral DEDH with significant mass effect and midline shift in the immediate postoperative scan, in an operated case of right frontoparietal EDH, which was not found in the initial preoperative scan. A high index of suspicion is needed in cases of unilateral EDH with contralateral skull fracture along with tense dura after the evacuation of EDH, to diagnose rare but life-threatening contralateral DEDH. Routine immediate postoperative CT scan will prevent devastating complications in these kinds of patients.
Choroidal effusion: a rare and unusual complication of daratumumab
Authors: Singh Aditi , Bazzi Talal , Lebovic Daniel , Demirci Hakan
Published: August 2022

Daratumumab-containing regimens are an effective treatment for advanced cases of multiple myeloma. Overall, daratumumab has a favourable safety profile, although rare side effects can occur. Rare side effects of daratumumab include choroidal effusion. Patients who begin to experience symptoms such as eye swelling, vision changes, eye discharge and blurry vision should undergo urgent ophthalmological evaluation and their daratumumab infusions held.
IgG4-related lung disease with a desquamative interstitial pneumonia pattern radiologically and pathologically
Authors: Tsuneyoshi Shingo , Zaizen Yoshiaki , Okamoto Masaki , Hoshino Tomoaki
Published: August 2022

A man in his 60s exhibited persistent dry cough and dyspnoea, which persisted even after smoking cessation. Chest high-resolution CT showed diffuse ground-glass opacities in the subpleural areas of both lungs. He underwent bronchoscopy, but no definitive diagnosis could be made. Histopathological analysis of the specimen obtained by surgical lung biopsy showed a desquamative interstitial pneumonia (DIP) pattern, with lymphocyte and plasma cell infiltrates in the alveolar septa; the ratio of IgG and IgG4-positive cells was more than 90%. He quit smoking, but the radiological findings worsened. Based on the pathological findings, we diagnosed the patient with DIP due to IgG4-related lung disease. Prednisolone was initiated, and the symptoms and radiological findings improved.
Non-pharmaceutical interventions and covid-19 burden in the United States: retrospective, observational cohort study
Authors: Ahlers Michael , Aralis Hilary , Tang Wilson , Sussman Jeremy B , Fonarow Gregg C , Ziaeian Boback
Published: August 2022

Objective

To evaluate the adoption and discontinuation of four broadly used non-pharmaceutical interventions on shifts in the covid-19 burden among US states.

Design

Retrospective, observational cohort study.

Setting

US state data on covid-19 between 19 January 2020 and 7 March 2021.

Participants

US population with a diagnosis of covid-19.

Main outcome measures

Empirically derived breakpoints in case and mortality velocities (ie, rate of change) were used to identify periods of stable, decreasing, or increasing covid-19 burden. Associations between adoption of non-pharmaceutical interventions and subsequent decreases in case or death rates were estimated by use of generalised linear models accounting for weekly variability across US states. State level case and mortality counts per day were obtained from the Covid-19 Tracking Project. State level policies on non-pharmaceutical interventions included stay-at-home orders, indoor public gathering bans (mild >10 or severe ≤10 people), indoor restaurant dining bans, and public mask mandates. National policies were not included in statistical models.

Results

28 602 830 cases and 511 899 deaths were recorded during the study. Odds of a reduction in covid-19 case velocity increased for stay-at-home orders (odds ratio 2.02, 95% confidence interval 1.63 to 2.52), indoor dining bans (1.62, 1.25 to 2.10), public mask mandates (2.18, 1.47 to 3.23), and severe indoor public gathering bans (1.68, 1.31 to 2.16) in univariate analysis. In mutually adjusted models, odds remained elevated for orders to stay at home (adjusted odds ratio 1.47, 95% confidence interval 1.04 to 2.07) and public mask mandates (2.27, 1.51 to 3.41). Stay-at-home orders (odds ratio 2.00, 95% confidence interval 1.53 to 2.62; adjusted odds ratio 1.89, 95% confidence interval 1.25 to 2.87) was also associated with a greater likelihood of decrease in death velocity in unadjusted and adjusted models.

Conclusions

State level non-pharmaceutical interventions used in the US during the covid-19 pandemic, in particular stay-at-home orders, were associated with a decreased covid-19 burden.
Improving the annual monitoring rates of testosterone replacement therapy patients in primary care
Authors: Hassoun Omar , Starostka Matt , Shearer Heather , Millar Angela , Hassoun Salman , Isles Chris
Published: August 2022

Introduction

Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is the treatment of choice for male hypogonadism. British Society for Sexual Medicine (BSSM) guidelines on adult testosterone deficiency recommend that TRT patients undergo annual monitoring of their testosterone levels and potential complications of treatment; though evidence suggests that substantial numbers of men on TRT are not monitored adequately.

Methods

Review of the electronic patient record from a single general practice in southwest Scotland revealed that only 1 of 26 (4%) TRT patients had been monitored as per BSSM guidelines in the previous 12 months. Additionally, when monitoring was undertaken there was inconsistency in the blood tests requested. The use of quality improvement (QI) tools including process mapping and cause-and-effect diagram identified staff and patient knowledge of monitoring requirements and the lack of an effective recall system as areas for improvement. We tested three change ideas: the utilisation of an existing recall system for long-term therapies; a TRT Ordercomms blood group template (OBGT) to standardise monitoring; and a patient information leaflet (PIL) to improve patient education. The aim of this project was to achieve 60% annual monitoring rate.

Results

The percentage of patients monitored for testosterone levels and potential TRT complications increased from 4% (1/26) to 65% (17/26) over a 7-week test period. The utilisation of the existing recall system was a particularly effective intervention, leading to an increase from 4% (1/26) to 31% (8/26) in the first 2 weeks.

Conclusion

The use of QI tools was associated with over 60% of male TRT patients receiving comprehensive annual monitoring, as per BSSM guidelines. Our findings support the hypothesis that a patient recall system, combined with an OBGT and a PIL led to this increase.
Developing undergraduate autism education for medical students: a qualitative study
Authors: Dhuga Yasmin , Feeney Yvonne , Gallaher Laura , White Ann , Wright Juliet , Banerjee Sube , Daley Stephanie
Published: August 2022

Background

Autistic adults and children experience considerable health inequalities and have high rates of premature mortality, hospital admissions and emergency department visits. This is in part due to a lack of autism awareness in the healthcare and social care workforce. A new educational programme, Time for Autism (TfA), for medical students is being developed to address this challenge. This qualitative study was undertaken to support the development of the new programme in order to (1) understand the medical care experiences of parents of autistic children and (2) assess their views on the acceptability of the new TfA programme and willingness to be involved.

Methods

A convenience sample of 11 parents of autistic children were recruited across the South of England. The ages of the autistic children ranged from 3 to 17 years. Semistructured interviews were completed between October and December 2019. Interview transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results

Three key themes were identified: diagnosis, experiences of doctors and TfA considerations. There was support for and willingness to take part in a dedicated autism education programme for medical students, and constructive feedback to inform and improve its delivery.

Conclusion

The findings from this study provide insights into the medical care experiences of parents/carers of autistic children. Understanding how parents/carers of autistic children would like medical care to be improved can be used to develop TfA and other autism programmes. Parental/carer support for the development of and involvement in an autism medical education programme enhances the feasibility of the new programme.
Convolutional Neural Networks Quantization with Double-Stage Squeeze-and-Threshold
Authors: Wu Binyi , Waschneck Bernd , Mayr Christian Georg
Published: August 2022

It has been proven that, compared to using 32-bit floating-point numbers in the training phase, Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNNs) can operate with low-precision during inference, thereby saving memory footprint and power consumption. However, neural network quantization is always accompanied by accuracy degradation. Here, we propose a quantization method called double-stage Squeeze-and-Threshold (double-stage ST) to close the accuracy gap with full-precision models. While accurate colors in pictures can be pleasing to the viewer, they are not necessary for distinguishing objects. The era of black and white television proves this idea. As long as the limited colors are filled reasonably for different objects, the objects can be well identified and distinguished. Our method utilizes the attention mechanism to adjust the activations and learn the thresholds to distinguish objects (features). We then divide the numerically rich activations into intervals (a limited variety of numerical values) by the learned thresholds. The proposed method supports both binarization and multi-bit quantization. Our method achieves state-of-the-art results. In binarization, ReActNet [Z. Liu, Z. Shen, S. Li, K. Helwegen, D. Huang and K. Cheng, arXiv:abs/2106.11309 ] trained with our method outperforms the previous state-of-the-art result by 0.2 percentage points. Whereas in multi-bit quantization, the top-1 accuracy of the 3-bit ResNet-18 [K. He, X. Zhang, S. Ren and J. Sun, Deep residual learning for image recognition, 2016 IEEE Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, CVPR 2016, 27–30 June 2016, Las Vegas, NV, USA (IEEE Computer Society, 2016), pp. 770–778] model exceeds the top-1 accuracy of its full-precision baseline model by 0.4 percentage points. The double-stage ST activation quantization method is easy to apply by inserting it before the convolution. Besides, the double-stage ST is detachable after training and introducing no computational cost in inference.
Gupta–Feynman-based quantum theory of gravity and the compressed space
Authors: Hameeda Mir , Rocca M. C.
Published: August 2022

In this work, we develop the quantum theory of gravity in the gravitational compressed space. The equivalence of spatial compression to the Lorentz contraction of special relativity, supported by the relative gravitational red-shift using the black hole clock, leads to the brane potential and gives the minimum length at which the extra dimensions become dominant, comparable to that of the Schwarzschild radius. For Planck mass the minimum length is almost Planck’s length. When doing the quantization of the theory, we find that those responsible for the evolution of time for luminous matter, graviton and for dark matter, the axion, have the property that in compressed gravitational space, naked and dressed propagators are equal and coincide with the corresponding naked propagators.
The dynamics of magnetized viscous-resistive ADAFs under a self-similar evolution
Authors: Habibi Fahimeh , Samadi Maryam
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we explore the self-similarity time evolution of a hot accretion flow around a compact object in the presence of a toroidal magnetic field. We focus on a simplified model which is axisymmetric, rotating, unsteady viscous-resistive under an advection-dominated stage. In this work, we suppose that both the kinematic viscosity and the magnetic diffusivity to be a result of turbulence in the accretion flow. To describe such a flow, we apply magneto-hydrodynamics equations in spherical coordinates, [Formula: see text] and adopt unsteady self-similar solutions. By neglecting the latitudinal dependence of the flow, we obtain a set of one-dimensional differential equations governing the accretion system. In this research, we encounter two parameters related to the magnetic field; one of them is, [Formula: see text], defined as the ratio of the magnetic pressure to the gas pressure and the other one, [Formula: see text] applied in the magnetic diffusivity definition. Our results show that [Formula: see text] is a function of position, and increases towards outer layers. On the other hand, we examine different strength of magnetic field by choosing different value of [Formula: see text] which is the value of [Formula: see text] at the inner edge of disc. We see that both [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] have positive effect on growing the radial infall velocity but density and gas pressure decrease by larger values of these parameters. Moreover, the rotational velocity and temperature of accreting material reduce considerably under the influence of a stronger magnetic field. We also focus on the behavior of the mass accretion rate appearing as a descending function of position. Finally, our solutions confirm that the radial trend of the physical quantities in a dynamical accretion flow is different from the ones in a steady flow. However, the effect of various parameters on the physical quantities in our model is qualitatively consistent with similar steady models.
Modulated Ar/CH4 Plasma by Metal Shield for Enhancing the PECVD Growth of Vertical Graphene
Authors: Abdullah Mohd Faizol , Bulya Nazim Nur Julia Nazim , Mat Hussin Mohd Rofei , Ismail Muhamad Amri , Mohd Zaini Khairil Mazwan
Published: August 2022

This paper presents the direct growth of vertical graphene (VG) using a metal shield (MS)-assisted plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) method. The 300 [Formula: see text] Ar/CH4 plasma is used to grow VG at 600∘C for 30 min on a 200 mm Si wafer. Without MS, the high Ar+ physical and H+ chemical rate etching of plasma prevents the growth of VG. The installation of 1 MS helps reduce the etching by reducing the ions density in the lower plasma zone and allows localized growth of VG as dark spots on the Si wafer. The crystal quality of VG grown by Ar/CH4 plasma with 1 MS is satisfyingly good with a narrow Raman I(G) peak within 36–40 cm−1, and the thickness of individual VG leaf is few-layer graphene since I(2D)[Formula: see text](G) is [Formula: see text]. The installation of 2 MS further improves the coverage, size, and population density of VG on the Si wafer by further lowering the ions density in the lower plasma zone. Further annealing of VG at 1040∘C in an Ar/H2/CH4 environment can repair the carbon sp2 but it is almost not required as the hydrogen atoms can etch the VG and reduce its coverage on a 200 mm Si wafer.
Categories and semigroups
Authors: Yu Bingjun , Shum Kar-Ping
Published: August 2022

The aim of this paper is to consider the correspondence between the classification of morphisms in categories and the classes of semigroups with idempotents, in particular, we establish a mutual corresponding theorem of three classes of categories and the classes of left (right) abundant, two-sided abundant semigroups and regular semigroups. We first apply the nine axioms (P1)–(P9) which characterize cancellation and split properties of morphisms in a category to classify categories into three subclasses: idempotent ample ([Formula: see text]-, for short) categories, balanced categories and normal categories. The intrinsic relationship between these categories and their cone semigroups is investigated. It is proved that the cone semigroup of an [Formula: see text]-category is left abundant and vice versa, the category of principal left ∗-ideals of a left abundant (not necessarily right abundant) semigroup is an [Formula: see text]-category. Similar results for balanced categories and abundant semigroups are reproved and strengthened. As a consequence, we employ categorical terms to characterize those abundant semigroups in which the regular elements form a regular subsemigroup. Therefore, the significant theory of normal categories and regular semigroups devoted by K. S. S. Nambooripad is generalized to arbitrary abundant semigroups and even to left and right abundant semigroups, respectively.
传统与嬗变：华侨华人慈善事业新发展
Authors: 邢 菁华 , 张 洵君
Published: August 2022

中华慈善文化渊澄取映，赓续绵延，当代华侨华人慈善事业关乎慈善与中国 “现代性”议题。文章通过对华侨华人慈善缘起、捐赠领域、捐款动因、新老慈善家的代际差异比较，论述了从传统中嬗变是当代华侨华人慈善事业的主脉络。当代华侨华人的慈善事业体现了一种新的中西文化综合。在公益慈善领域，当代华侨华人为疫情下呈现的现代性危机贡献出了华人智慧和华人方案。
A hybrid model for predicting academic performance of engineering undergraduates
Authors: Niu Ke , Jia BaoTing , Zhou YuHang , Lu GuoQiang
Published: August 2022

Predicting engineering students’ academic performance is crucial for teachers to implement teaching interventions. How to use students’ behavior records to predict grades during school has attracted extensive attention from researchers. Various machine learning methods have been proposed by previous researchers to predict engineering students’ academic performance through their learning records. However, one of the major challenges now is that many researchers ignore the problem of reduced accuracy of prediction models due to imbalanced data. Simultaneously, a single classifier is susceptible to data changes and has an unstable classification performance. To this end, this paper proposes the RBF-Naive Bayes (RBFNB) prediction model to predict students’ academic performance, which integrates Radial Basis Function (RBF) Network algorithm and Naive Bayes algorithm. The method of RBF Network is applied to predict the academic performance of students and generate prediction results. Then, the method of Naive Bayes is adopted to correct the previous prediction results for improving the accuracy of the prediction. The proposed RBFNB prediction model was applied to the data set about the engineering students’ academic performance from a university and the Kalboard 360 public data set, respectively.
Searches for Heavy Resonances with Substructure
Authors: Maksimović Petar
Published: August 2022

In the past decade, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has probed a higher energy scale than ever before. Most models of physics beyond the standard model (BSM) predict the production of new heavy particles; the LHC results have excluded lower masses of such particles. This makes the high-mass regions especially interesting for current and future searches. In most BSM scenarios of interest, the new heavy resonances decay to standard model particles. In a subset of these models, the new particles have large couplings to the top quark, the W and Z bosons, or the Higgs boson. The top quark and W, Z, and Higgs bosons often decay to quarks, giving rise to jets of particles with substructure; event selection based on substructure is used to suppress standard model backgrounds. This review covers the key concepts in experimental searches based on the jet substructure and discusses recent results from the ATLAS and CMS experiments.
Synthetic Cannabinoids: A Pharmacological and Toxicological Overview
Authors: Roque-Bravo Rita , Silva Rafaela Sofia , Malheiro Rui F. , Carmo Helena , Carvalho Félix , da Silva Diana Dias , Silva João Pedro
Published: August 2022

Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) are a chemically diverse group of new psychoactive substances (NPSs) that target the endocannabinoid system, triggering a plethora of actions (e.g., elevated mood sensation, relaxation, appetite stimulation) that resemble, but are more intense than, those induced by cannabis. Although some of these effects have been explored for therapeutic applications, anticipated stronger psychoactive effects than cannabis and reduced risk perception have increased the recreational use of SCs, which have dominated the NPS market in the United States and Europe over the past decade. However, rising SC-related intoxications and deaths represent a major public health concern and embody a major challenge for policy makers.

Here, we review the pharmacology and toxicology of SCs. A thorough characterization of SCs’ pharmacodynamics and toxicodynamics is important to better understand the main mechanisms underlying acute and chronic effects of SCs, interpret the clinical/pathological findings related to SC use, and improve SC risk awareness.
Numerical Investigation on Photon Sensing Parameters for Some Thermoluminescence Dosimeters: A Comparative Study
Authors: Kaur Harjot , Kaur Pardeep , Kaur Preet , Singh Tejbir
Published: August 2022

In the present work, twelve inorganic thermoluminescence dosimeteric (TLD) materials doped with some rare earth elements (LiF:Sm, LiBaP2O7:Eu, CaCO3:Eu, CaSO4:Dy, SrSO4:Sm, CdSO4:Dy, BaSO4:Eu, Li2B4O7:Dy, MgB4O7:Gd, Al2O3:Gd, MgAl2O4:Ce and LiCaAlF6:Eu) and three organic TLD materials (C3H7NO2, C7H8O2 and C4H6BaO4) were selected for comparative analysis on the basis of different photon sensing parameters. About nine photon sensing parameters viz. mass attenuation coefficient (MAC), linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), mean free path (mfp), half value layer (HVL), tenth value layer (TVL), effective atomic number (EAN), effective electron number (EEN), exposure buildup factor (EBF) and energy absorption buildup factor (EABF) were obtained for the selected fifteen TLDs. The simultaneous variation of these photon sensing parameters for the selected TLDs with photon energy and composition has been analyzed. The results of present comparative analysis help radiation physicists to easily select a particular dosimeter for their research laboratory from different existing compositions. All photon sensing parameters viz. MAC, LAC, mfp, HVL, TVL, EAN, EEN, EBF and EABF for selected TLDs strongly depend upon incident energy and chemical composition in lower and higher energy regions. Among the selected TLDs; BaSO4: Eu3+ offers best results (maximum values for MAC, EAN, EEN; and minimum values for mfp, HVL, TVL, EBF, EABF); whereas MgB4O7:Gd3+ offers EAN value close to tissue and less variation in most of the sensing parameters with respect to photon energy.
[Retracted] Dynamic Changes and Influencing Factors for the Quality of Life in Nursing Care after Lung Cancer Resection
Authors: Hu Shuzhen , Fang Aihong
Published: August 2022

To investigate the dynamic changes and influencing factors for the quality of life in nursing care in patients with lung cancer after resection. Totally, 136 patients undergoing lung cancer resection in our hospital from January 2019 to January 2022 were prospectively enrolled as subjects. The quality of life was measured before and 1 and 2 weeks and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the operation to analyze the dynamic changes in the quality of life in nursing care. Clinical data of patients were collected at the time of discharge. The patients were divided into high‐quality and low‐quality groups according to the median level of quality of life in nursing care at the final follow‐up. The logistic regression equation was applied to analyze the influencing factors for the quality of life in nursing care after lung cancer resection. Of 136 patients receiving lung cancer resection, 32 were lost to follow‐up until the final follow‐up, so 104 patients were finally included. According to the median level of quality of life in nursing care at the final follow‐up, the patients were divided into high‐quality and low‐quality groups (n = 52 per group). The quality of life in nursing care first decreased, then increased, and then stabilized after lung cancer resection. The comparison of clinical data between the two groups exhibited that albumin level was higher in the high‐quality group than that in the control group. The age, proportion of living alone, S‐AI score, and FoP‐Q‐SF score were lower in the high‐quality group than those in the low‐quality group (P < 0.05). Univariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that high albumin (OR = 0.884) was a protective factor for the quality of life in nursing care after lung cancer resection (P < 0.05). Living alone (OR = 1.333), high S‐AI score (OR = 1.211), high FoP‐Q‐SF score (OR = 1.221), and advanced age (OR = 1.209) were the risk factors for the quality of life in nursing care after lung cancer resection (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that high albumin (OR = 0.861) was a protective factor for the quality of life in nursing care after lung cancer resection (P < 0.05). Living alone (OR = 1.144), high S‐AI score (OR = 1.170), high FoP‐Q‐SF score (OR = 1.161), and advanced age (OR = 1.181) were the risk factors for the quality of life after lung cancer resection (P < 0.05). The quality of life in nursing care first decreased, then increased, and then stabilized after lung cancer resection. Albumin, age, living alone, and S‐AI and FoP‐Q‐SF scores were the influencing factors for the quality of life in nursing care after lung cancer resection. In the nursing care process after lung cancer resection, we should focus on elderly patients living alone who are affected by anxiety and fear of recurrence to improve the quality of life of these patients.
Meta-Analysis on Investigating and Comparing the Effects on Learning Achievement and Motivation for Gamification and Game-Based Learning
Authors: Zhang Qi , Yu Zhonggen
Published: August 2022

This meta-analysis aimed to investigate and compare the efficiencies of gamification and game-based learning in terms of learning achievement and motivation. With distinctive features, gamification and game-based learning were hypothesized to exert different effects on learning achievement and motivation. The effects on learning achievement were more stable and significant for game-based learning (ES = 0.54, 95% CI [0.38, 0.70]) than for gamification (ES = 0.85, 95% CI [0.32, 1.37]). The overall effects on motivation were more significant for gamification (ES = 0.77, 95% CI [0.53, 1.01]) than for game-based learning (ES = 0.60, 95% CI [0.42, 0.78]). Gamification exerted less significant but more stable effects on intrinsic motivation (ES = 0.64, 95% CI [0.37, 0.91]) than on extrinsic motivation (ES = 0.92, 95% CI [0.50, 1.34]). Game-based learning exerted less significant but more stable effects on extrinsic motivation (ES = 0.56, 95% CI [0.35, 0.77]) than on intrinsic motivation (ES = 0.62, 95% CI [0.12, 1.13]). The main conclusion was that gamification and game-based learning, as two distinct game-related pedagogies, differently influenced learning achievement, intrinsic motivation, and extrinsic motivation. The dependence on immersion subject to external or internal factors and ludic contexts associated with internalization of motivation influenced the effect stability on learning achievement and motivation.
End-to-End Latency Analysis for Data Transmission via Optimum Path Allocation in Industrial Sensor Networks
Authors: Jatothu Rajaram , Lal Jaya Dipti , Bhavani N. P. G. , Sharada K. A. , Balraj E. , Vaigandla Karthik Kumar , Shukla Arvind Kumar , Ishrat Mohammad , Sahile Kibebe
Published: August 2022

In a sensor network, packet transmission is easy, but achieving an effective routing path is difficult. The packet information is modified by the intruder node. Initial node capacity is not monitored, so it does not filter out the individual status of each and every node in the routing path. It causes a network that utilizes more energy and minimum packet delivery ratio. This work has implemented the enhanced centrum path allotment-based shielded communication (ECSC) scheme to achieve the shielded packet broadcasting from the sender node to the destination node in the network environment. The quality of packet transmission is improved by using the spatial uniqueness node selection algorithm. It is designed to select the routing node based on its uniqueness; priority-based communication is carried out by the uniqueness process. It improves the packet delivery ratio and network lifetime. It also minimizes packet drop rate and end-to-end delay.
Application and Exploration of VR and AI Technology in College English Teaching
Authors: Yang Zhaodan
Published: August 2022

In order to improve the effect of college English teaching, this article applies VR and AI technology to college English teaching. According to the pixel structure of English teaching image and its array drive design, this article proposes a semiactive address-driven pixel structure. Moreover, this article controls the scanning rate by adjusting the period of the clock signal CLK generated by the computer or FPGA, which determines the speed of image transmission. In addition, in order to determine the output DC value of the cascode structure, the negative feedback loop is biased, and an intelligent teaching system is constructed. According to the teaching evaluation research, it can be seen that the college English teaching method based on VR technology and AI technology proposed in this article can effectively improve the teaching effect of college English.
Short-Term Electrical Load Demand Forecasting Based on LSTM and RNN Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Islam Badar ul , Ahmed Shams Forruque
Published: August 2022

As the development of smart grids is increasing, accurate electric load demand forecasting is becoming more important for power systems, because it plays a vital role to improve the performance of power companies in terms of less operating cost and reliable operation. Short-term load forecasting (STLF), which focuses on the prediction of few hours to one week ahead predictions and is also beneficial for unit commitment and cost-effective operation of smart power grids, is receiving increasing attention these days. Development and selection of an accurate forecast model from different artificial intelligence (AI)-based techniques and meta-heuristic algorithms for better accuracy is a challenging task. Deep Neural Network (DNN) is a group of intelligent computational algorithms which have a viable approach for modeling across multiple hidden layers and complex nonlinear relationships between variables. In this paper, a model for STLF using deep learning neural network (DNN) with feature selection is proposed. A wide range of intelligent forecast models was designed and tested based on multiple activation functions, such as hyperbolic tangent (tanh), different variants of rectifier linear unit (ReLU), and sigmoid. Among the others, DNN with leaky ReLu produced the best forecast accuracy. Regarding the precision of the methods used in this research work, certain output measures, such as absolute percentage error (MAPE), mean square error (MSE), and root mean square error (RMSE) are used. There was also a reliance on multiple parametric and variable details to determine the capability of the smart load forecasting techniques.
Segmentation and Classification of Encephalon Tumor by Applying Improved Fast and Robust FCM Algorithm with PSO-Based ELM Technique
Authors: Mohapatra Srikanta Kumar , Sahu Premananda , Almotiri Jasem , Alroobaea Roobaea , Rubaiee Saeed , Bin Mahfouz Abdullah , Senthilkumar A. P.
Published: August 2022

Nowadays, so many people are living in world. If so many people are living, then the diseases are also increasing day by day due to adulterated and chemical content food. The people may suffer either from a small disease such as cold and cough or from a big disease such as cancer. In this work, we have discussed on the encephalon tumor or cancer which is a big problem nowadays. If we will consider about the whole world, then there are deficiency of clinical experts or doctors as compared to the encephalon tumor affected person. So, here, we have used an automatic classification of tumor by the help of particle swarm optimization (PSO)-based extreme learning machine (ELM) technique with the segmentation process by the help of improved fast and robust fuzzy C mean (IFRFCM) algorithm and most commonly feature reduction method used gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) that may helpful to the clinical experts. Here, we have used the BraTs (“Multimodal Brain Tumor Segmentation Challenge 2020”) dataset for both the training and testing purpose. It has been monitored that our system has given better classification accuracy as an approximation of 99.47% which can be observed as a good outcome.
Design of Watercolor Cultural and Creative Products Based on Style Transfer Algorithm
Authors: Wang Qi , H Alamusi.
Published: August 2022

Due to the long design cycle of watercolor cultural and creative products, a design method based on style transfer algorithm is proposed. Here, the design of Shanghai style watercolor painting cultural and creative products is taken as the research object, VGG-19 network is used as the style transfer model, and the loss function of style transfer algorithm is designed. The simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively extract and reconstruct the color, texture, brushstroke, and other styles of Shanghai style watercolor painting. The generated new images are added as design elements, which makes the cultural and creative products have both appearance and personalization. In addition, the newly generated cultural and creative products have also obtained high satisfaction from experts and users, which meet the aesthetic changes. It can be seen that proposed method provides a new idea for the design of watercolor cultural and creative products, which shortens the product design cycle, reduces the design cost, and has a certain practicality.
Construction of Marine Professional Virtual Simulation Experiment Platform Based on Internet-of-Things Technology
Authors: Yan Jing , Jia Haomei
Published: August 2022

In order to meet the needs of high-intensity underwater information confrontation training under complex battlefield conditions, military academies must integrate scientific issues related to environmental operations into classroom teaching through research-based teaching of marine environmental effects. By analyzing the research-oriented teaching requirements of marine environmental effects, the design and implementation of a virtual simulation laboratory based on a high-performance computing platform for signal-level marine environmental effects are discussed. Multilevel, research-based teaching provides effective technical support, which is of great significance to helping submarine professional students experience, recognize, and master the scientific laws behind combat problems, improve their practical training capabilities, and promote practical teaching. By the time the number of operations reaches 5, most students have an accurate grasp of the liquid chromatography procedures. After more than five times, the improvement of students is not obvious. Compared with liquid chromatography, the improvement of Bernoulli experiment is divided into two stages: 1 to 5 times belong to the process improvement stage, and students can master it quickly; 6 to 12 times belong to the detail improvement stage, and the improvement times are relatively slow; fully mastered the time required is much higher than the liquid chromatography virtual simulation experiment. Finally, combined with the actual teaching application, the research-based teaching group training mode and relevant implementation suggestions are summarized.