bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PHƯƠNG PHÁP LỚP HỌC ĐẢO NGƯỢC: ỨNG DỤNG THỬ NGHIỆM TRONG GIẢNG DẠY HỌC PHẦN TIẾNG ITALIA DU LỊCH II
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Ánh Tuyết  , Nguyễn Phan Hằng Giang
Published: July 2023

Học trực tuyến (online, e-learning) và học kết hợp (blended learning) là những phương pháp dạy và học đổi mới sử dụng công nghệ thông tin nhằm giúp người dạy và người học thích nghi với bối cảnh mới sau đại dịch Covid-19. Bài nghiên cứu phân tích cơ sở lý thuyết và áp dụng thực tế của mô hình lớp học đảo ngược (flipped classroom - FC), một trong những mô hình tiêu biểu của phương pháp dạy học kết hợp trực tuyến và trực tiếp, trong học phần Tiếng Italia du lịch II dành cho sinh viên định hướng du lịch của Khoa tiếng Italia – Trường Đại học Hà Nội. Từ những phân tích kết quả khảo sát, nhóm tác giả đưa ra một số nhận định về sự khác biệt giữa giờ học truyền thống và giờ học áp dụng phương pháp học đảo ngược cũng như ưu điểm và hạn chế của việc triển khai phương pháp này trong giảng dạy các học phần chuyên ngành du lịch bằng tiếng Italia.
Breeding Assessment of SCHIZOTHORAX PLAGIOSTOMUS in River Indus, District Kohistan, Northern Pakistan
Authors: MUHAMMAD QAYASH KHAN  , MUHAMMAD ZUBAIR ANJUM  , FAROOQ JAN  , ABDUR RAUF  , ZIA-UL ISLAM  , ZUBAIR ALI
Published: July 2023

In this study, the relationship of total body length (TBL) and total body weight (TBW), Fulton’s condition factor (FCF), gonado somatic index (GSI) and absolute fecundity were determined in snow trout (Schizothorax plagiostomus) from river Indus at district Kohistan, Northern Pakistan. A total of 540 matured specimens (male=277, female= 263) were collected between January and December 2016 by using a gill net. A curvilinear relationship of fecundity and GSI with TBL and TBW were investigated by the quadratic model fit. The study revealed the fact that S. plagiostomus spawned twice in a year, during spring and autumn. The growth coefficient b value and mean condition factor were estimated at 3.42 and 1.75 in both sexes respectively. The GSI in males and females was found 4.4% and 10.96% respectively. In females mean absolute fecundity was 4578.16 eggs. The present study has significance in providing baseline information for the management and conservation of this species of economic importance through captivity breeding.
Dual Personality Model: Adjustment Indexes Towards an Integrative View of Personality Traits in a Highly-educated Argentinian Sample
Authors: De La Igleasia Guadalupe , Castro Solano Alejandro
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Differentiating between normal, pathological, and positive traits may be achieved by conceptualizing personality traits as a continuum in which these aspects could be placed as sickness or health poles. The tendency to focus on one aspect of the continuum to the detriment of the other has prompted the following question: What would be the outcome of studying both aspects conjointly? Aims: This study aimed at assessing the appropriateness of different personality adjustment indexes proposed by the Dual Personality Model. These indexes combine positive and pathological aspects of personality in a single measure. Methods: The sample was composed of 1061 individuals from the general Argentinian population (Mage=39.87, SD=14.68, 51% males). Results: Individuals who scored higher on the personality adjustment index (PAI) had higher positive traits and well-being, and lower pathological traits, psychological symptoms, and lack of personality functioning. Also, higher scores on each trait continuum index were related to favorable outcomes. Conclusions: It was concluded that PAI and trait continuum indexes are potentially useful measures for psychological research and for applied fields. The possibility of combining pathological and healthy aspects in a single measure makes it possible to view individuals in an integrated manner in any personality assessment. The indexes should be considered global measures which could be further complemented with a disaggregated analysis.
Inklusive Camps für die Gesellschaft der Zukunft
Authors: Meier Oliver , Staub Jonas
Published: July 2023

Obwohl der Freizeitbereich ein hohes Inklusionspotenzial bietet, sind inklusive Freizeitangebote wie Camps selten. Blindspot organisiert bereits seit dem Jahr 2005 inklusive Feriencamps. Auf den Erfahrungen aufbauend wurde das «3-Phasen-Modell der Inklusion» entwickelt. Dieses macht den Inklusionsprozess greifbar und damit erwartbar und hilft, inklusive Projekte erfolgreich durchzuführen. Der Artikel stellt dieses Modell vor. Anhand der Ergebnisse der Evaluation der inklusiven Camps von Blindspot zeigt der Artikel auf, was den Mehrwert inklusiver Camps ausmacht und wie sich der Inklusionsprozess planen und fördern lässt.
«Ob Inklusion gelingt, hängt von allen ab!»
Authors: Strolz Sibylla
Published: July 2023

Bildung ist ein Menschenrecht und gilt als wichtige Voraussetzung für gesellschaftliche Teilhabe. Die Behindertenrechtskonvention (BRK) fordert ein inklusives Bildungssystem auf allen Ebenen, auch in der Erwachsenenbildung. Doch Menschen mit Lernschwierigkeiten haben zu Kursen der öffentlichen Erwachsenenbildung bisher kaum Zugang. Im Beitrag werden Ergebnisse einer qualitativen Untersuchung präsentiert, die im Rahmen einer Masterthesis in Sozialer Arbeit durchgeführt wurde. Die Studie geht der Frage nach, was es braucht, damit inklusive Kurse gelingen. Die Resultate zeigen, dass es nicht allein damit getan ist, den Zugang für alle zu gewährleisten. Es braucht inklusive Kulturen, Strukturen und Praktiken und das Gelingen hängt stark von allen Beteiligten ab.
Ciências Sociais na Extensão
Authors: Fazzi Rita de Cássia , Campos Sânia Maria
Published: July 2023

O artigo objetiva apresentar a experiência do Instituto da Criança e do Adolescente (ICA), projeto de extensão universitária articulado em 1998 pelo Departamento de Ciências Sociais da PUC Minas. A partir de uma perspectiva histórica, o artigo está estruturado em três sessões. Na primeira, o processo formal de institucionalização do ICA é apresentado enquanto um projeto que integra extensão, pesquisa e ensino. Na segunda sessão, a avaliação da experiência do ICA destaca os principais eixos temáticos dos projetos desenvolvidos, considerando, em especial, os aspectos institucionais da elaboração e gestão dos mesmos, os impactos na formação dos alunos e nas políticas públicas direcionadas aos direitos de crianças e adolescentes no Brasil. Na terceira sessão, a análise se volta para os condicionantes do modelo de gestão da Pró-reitoria de Extensão, em que o ICA estava alocado, que levaram à sua extinção em 2017.
Transition-Relevance Places Machine Learning-Based Detection in Dialogue Interactions
Authors: Ondas Stanislav , Pleva Matus , Bacikova Silvia
Published: July 2023

A transition-relevance place (TRP) represents a place in a conversation where a change of speaker can occur. The appearance and use of these points in the dialogue ensures a correct and smooth alternation between the speakers. In the presented article, we focused on the study of prosodic speech parameters in the Slovak language, and we tried to experimentally verify the potential of these parameters to detect TRP. To study turn-taking issues in dyadic conversations, the Slovak dialogue corpus was collected and annotated. TRP places were identified by the human annotator in the manual labelling process. The data were then divided into chunks that reflect the length of the interpausal dialogue units and the prosodic features were computed. In the Matlab environment, we compared different types of classifiers based on machine learning in the role of an automatic TRP detector based on pitch and intensity parameters. The achieved results indicate that prosodic parameters can be useful in detecting TRP after splitting the dialogue into interpausal units. The designed approach can serve as a tool for automatic conversational analysis or can be used to label large databases for training predictive models, which can help machines to enhance human-machine spoken dialogue applications.
Design and Measurement of a Frequency Converter with SPWM Modulation of Output Voltage for a Two-Phase Induction Motor
Authors: Kanuch Jan , Girovsky Peter , Zilkova Jaroslava , Pastor Marek
Published: July 2023

This paper deals with the design, implementation, and measurements of a frequency converter with bipolar sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) of output voltage for two-phase induction motors. The paper is dedicated to an analysis of the operation of a two-phase frequency converter and its implementation. The inverter has a single-phase H-bridge topology with split DC link and bipolar switching to minimise the number of components. Insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) are used in the realisation of the inverter power section. The inverter is controlled using a digital signal processor (DSP) TMS320F28335. Measurements with a 0.12 kW two-phase induction motor were performed to verify the correct operation of the inverter. The influence of the switching frequency on the motor current ripple is measured for frequencies of the first harmonic up to 100 Hz.
Distributionally Robust Collaborative Dispatch of Integrated Energy Systems with DNE Limits Considering Renewable and Contingency Uncertainties
Authors: Ji Xiaotong , Xiao Fan , Liu Dan , Xiong Ping , Zhang Mingnian
Published: July 2023

Collaborative optimisation of system reserves and utilisation of renewable energy is an efficient approach to achieving robust optimal dispatch of integrated energy systems (IES). However, conventional robust dispatch methods are often too conservative and lack the ability to consider uncertainties such as renewable energy and contingency probabilities. To address these limitations, this paper proposes a distributionally robust dispatch model that co-optimises reserves and do-not-exceed (DNE) limits while considering these uncertainties. First, a deterministic optimisation model of IES is established with a minimum operational cost objective and security constraints. Next, a two-stage robust collaborative optimisation framework of IES is built, based on the Wasserstein measure, with random equipment faults represented by an adjustable ambiguity set. Finally, to overcome the computational challenges associated with robust approaches, duality theory and Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions are used to convert the formulation into a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model. The Simulation results on the modified IEEE 33-bus system demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model and solution methodology.
Lebenshilfe im buddhistischen Gewand
Authors: Bayreuther Sabine
Published: July 2023

Wer ins Odenwalddorf Siedelsbrunn kommt, wird vielleicht überrascht sein: Die Bushaltestelle beim Wanderparkplatz am Ortseingang trägt den Namen „Buddhas Weg“. Folgt man vom Parkplatz aus „Buddhas Weg“, steht man tatsächlich nach einigen Metern vor einem großen, nach asiatischem Vorbild erbauten Tor, vermeintlich der Eingang zu einem buddhistischen Tempel, dahinter – von zahlreichen Buddhastatuen gesäumt – ein Stufenweg hinauf zu einem schlichten, funktional anmutenden Bau: eher ein Klinikgebäude als eine religiöse Stätte. Die Verwunderung dürfte sich nochmals steigern, wenn man den Garten hinter der Klinik betritt: ein Ort der Ruhe unter den Augen einer Statue des Padmasambhava, der Legende nach der Begründer des tibetischen Buddhismus und zugleich Inkarnation des Buddha Amitabha. Augenscheinlich hat hier eine Transformation von einer Klinik zu einem buddhistischen Zentrum stattgefunden. Was genau verbirgt sich hinter den Mauern der ehemaligen Klinik? Was erwartet Menschen, die Buddhas Weg in Siedelsbrunn folgen? Wie hat sich Buddhismus auf seinem Weg in den Odenwald und in ein ehemaliges Klinikgebäude transformiert?
Kosmopolitischer „Synkretismus“ in der Metropole
Authors: Wettich Thorsten
Published: July 2023

Eine Stunde vom Stadtzentrum São Paulos entfernt liegt das Santuário Nacional da Umbanda zwar noch mitten im urbanen Dschungel der brasilianischen Großstadt, die sich zusammen mit ihren Vorstädten über die riesige Fläche von 8000 Quadratkilometern erstreckt und die damit zu einer der größten Metropolregionen der Welt gehört. Doch machen der mit Schlaglöchern übersäte Wirtschaftsweg auf den letzten Kilometern und die üppige Vegetation des Geländes das Santuário zu einer Ausnahme. In den Worten eines vor Ort angetroffenen Umbadisto (Umbanda-Praktizierenden) handelt es sich um eine „energetisch aufgeladene Oase des Friedens“. Das Umbanda-Gelände liegt im Bereich eines ehemaligen Steinbruchs, der in den 1960er Jahren den Betrieb einstellte, und ist heute Teil des Naturschutzgebietes Serra do Mar. Geistiger Vater des Santuário ist Ronaldo Linares, von seinen Anhängern als Pai do Santos („Vater der Heiligen“) bezeichnet und der Selbstdarstellung auf der Homepage zufolge ein „historisches Wahrzeichen im brasilianischen Umbanda“. Im weltlichen Leben Radiologe und Journalist, kam Pai Ronaldo („Vater Ronaldo“) mit Zélio Fernandino de Morais in Kontakt, der als Gründer der spiritistischen Umbanda-Tradition angesehen wird. Ronaldo Linares lernte selbst, wie man mit der Welt der Geister in Kontakt treten kann, und unterrichtete in der Folge andere Geist-Medien. Er verfasste mehrere Bücher zum Thema Umbanda und Spiritismus und trieb seit den 1960er Jahren den Weg zur Gründung des Santuário voran. Nach Angaben auf der Homepage hat sich der ehemalige Steinbruch als Stätte, in welcher die Kommunikation mit dem Geistwesen Xângo eine zentrale Rolle spielt, als idealer Ort angeboten: Denn Xângo bezieht einen Teil seiner Energie für das Eintreten für Gerechtigkeit aus Natursteinen.
Yoga Vidya drängt in die Sozialraumarbeit
Authors: Mellies Horst-Dieter
Published: July 2023

Sie erscheinen frisch, schillernd und bunt – die Seiten der Homepage des Vereins Yoga-Vidya/Yogastadt Bad Meinberg. Sie bilden praktisch einen Seitenarm zu den Internetseiten, welche die Arbeit und Seminarangebote des mit insgesamt vier Seminarhäusern (Ashrams) deutschlandweit (und darüber hinaus) aktiven Vereins Yoga Vidya selbst darstellen und bewerben.
Regionalisierung ist die gesuchte Strukturreform für die Modernisierung der Gesundheitsversorgung in Deutschland
Authors: Hager Lutz
Published: July 2023

Trotz hoher Reform- und Regulierungsdichte ist es in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten nicht gelungen, den Erneuerungsbedarf im Gesundheitswesen entscheidend voranzubringen. Vielmehr bringen die bestehenden Herausforderungen die Versorgung zunehmend an Grenzen der Belastbarkeit. Der Autor führt die Beharrungskräfte des Systems auf seine zentralistische Organisation zurück und erläutert, wie regionale Strukturen als Lösungsebene fungieren und implementiert werden können.
Modeling and Simulation of a PMSG-based Marine Current Turbine System with inter-turn faults
Authors: Toumi Sana , Benbouzid Mohamed , Faouzi Mimouni Mohamed
Published: July 2023

This chapter deals with modeling and simulation of a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)-based marine current turbine (MCT) with inter-turn faults. The generator is modeled in healthy and faulty conditions by using the (abc) reference frame and the (dq) reference frame. Indeed, the PMSG, installed under the sea (existence of the swell and wave), can be exposed to higher voltages and/or currents transited, which leads to the appearance of various faults. In this chapter, the faulty mode deals with the study of the stator inter-turn short-circuit faults in the PMSG. In fact, this fault presents a big problem because it can lead to the total degradation of the machine. Simulation results are carried out by using Matlab/Simulink environment.
GRAVITATIONAL WAVES AND PARAMETRIZATIONS OF LINEAR DIFFERENTIAL OPERATORS
Authors: Pommaret Jean-Francois
Published: July 2023

When D:ξ→η is a linear differential operator, a “direct problem” is to find the generating compatibility conditions (CC) in the form of an operator D1:η→ζ such that Dξ=η implies D1η=0. Similarly, D1η=ζ may imply D2ζ=0 and so on. Conversely, when D1 is given, a much more difficult “inverse problem” is to look for an operator D:ξ→η with generating CC D1η=0. If this is possible, one shall say that the operator D1 is parametrized by D. The parametrization is “minimum” if the differential module defined by D does not contain any free differential submodule. The systematic use of the adjoint of a differential operator provides a constructive test. The parametrization of the Cauchy stress operator in arbitrary dimension n has attracted many famous scientists (G.B. Airy in 1863 for n=2, J.C. Maxwell in 1863, G. Morera and E. Beltrami in 1892 for n=3, A. Einstein in 1915 for n=4). We prove that all these works are already explicitly using the self-adjoint Einstein operator, which cannot be parametrized, and are thus all based on a confusion between the Cauchy operator, (adjoint of the Killing operator D), and the div operator induced from the Bianchi operator D2 CC of the Riemann operator D1 parametrized by D. This purely mathematical result deeply questions the origin and existence of gravitational waves that are solutions of the adjoint of the Ricci operator. We do believe that Einstein was aware of these previous works as the comparison needs no comment. The same methods are also used in order to revisit the mathematical foundations of electromagnetism.
Satisfaction with Antenatal Care Services and Its Associated Factors among Pregnant Women at Public Health Centers of Lemi Kura Sub-City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2022
Authors: Kassaw Asres Ayehu , Amogne Yirgalem
Published: July 2023

Pregnant women satisfied with the provided health care services will keep using the services at a particular health institution. This study aims to assess the level of satisfaction with antenatal services and its associated factors among pregnant women. A facility-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from November 1 to December 15, 2021. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select study participants. A total of 405 pregnant women were enrolled in the study. Structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were entered into Epi-Data 4.1 and exported to SPSS for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression with 95% confidence interval and P value of 0.05 were deployed. Pregnant women who had 5 and more family members were 6 times more likely to be satisfied than those who had a single family member (AOR: 6.3; 95% CI = (1.78–22.39)). Pregnant women who did not have chronic diseases were 2 times more satisfied with the antenatal care services (AOR: 2.18; 95% CI = 1–4.77). Having occupation such as housewife, distance of home from health facility, and mode of transportation were factors associated with satisfaction at P < 0.05.
The Use of Induction Motors in Electric Vehicles
Authors: Kurt Merve Şen
Published: July 2023

Compared with internal combustion engine vehicles, the trend toward electric vehicles that do not pollute the air, are highly efficient, and require less maintenance is increasing. In parallel with the increasing trend toward electric vehicles, research studies to provide optimal performance in electric vehicles are gaining speed. The choice of motor used in electric vehicles is a very serious decision as it will affect all the performance data. In the selection of the motor used in electric vehicles, simple design, high power density, low maintenance cost, and easy controllability features come to the fore. In electric vehicles, different types of electric motors are used according to the designer’s preference, including DC motor, brushless DC motor, induction motor, permanent magnet synchronous motor, and switched reluctance motor. Although different types of motors used in electric vehicles are included in the literature, induction motors are ahead of other types of electric motors in the market with their simple structures, high power density, durability, low cost, and advanced speed control techniques.
FutureLearn and Coursera: Possibilities of Communication
Authors: Drobot Irina-Ana
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this chapter is to analyse, comparatively, the possibilities that are offered to learners by these two platforms. One of the main aspects is that learners find themselves in an international environment since they are among students from all over the world. Here we can clearly notice the advantages of English as a lingua franca, which unites such a diverse community of learners around a topic of common interest. For both platforms, audio and video, materials are available, together with the possibility of students and teachers interacting on the forums, for Coursera, or in the below video discussions, for FutureLearn. Collaborative learning is also encouraged, as some courses can ask students to use Padlet to work together or other such sites. The sense of community is built by rapport with the teachers they appear on video, through common tasks, and through peer-to-peer discussions.
Geosynthetic Reinforcement Applications
Authors: Guler Erol
Published: July 2023

Geosynthetic applications range from geotechnical to geo-environmental areas and include countless cases. In this paper, the aim was to introduce the reader to the reinforcement applications. A few examples of reinforcement were chosen to both demonstrate the frequently used applications and to draw the attention of the reader to the vast variety of other reinforcement applications. First a brief introduction to geosynthetics is given. As an example to a very frequently applied technique in practice, information is given on geosynthetics reinforced soil retaining walls. Especially the benefits of geosynthetic reinforced retaining walls under earthquake loading conditions is emphasized. Then some information is given on using geosynthetic reinforcement below foundations to improve the bearing capacity. As a third and final example, the use of geosynthetic reinforcement as an encasement around stone columns are mentioned. The improvement of the geosynthetic encased columns compared to ordinary stone columns under earthquake loading conditions was shown.
Benign and Malignant Tumors of the Tonsils
Authors: Vaddi Anusha , Renapurkar Shravan , Khurana Sonam
Published: July 2023

Tonsils are lymphoid tissues in the oral cavity and nasopharyngeal region arranged in Waldeyer’s ring. The Waldeyer’s ring consists of pairs of pharyngeal (adenoids), tubal, palatine, and lingual tonsils. These are usually hyperplastic at a younger age and decrease with age. However, asymmetric enlargement might be a sign of pathology. It could be due to tonsillitis, abscess, and benign tumors, such as fibromas, teratomas, and angiomas such as lymphangioma, hemangioma, and inclusion cyst. Benign tumors of the tonsils are usually rare but not uncommon. It could be due to malignancies such as lymphoma, squamous cell carcinoma, or metastasis. This chapter focuses on clinical, histopathological and radiographic features of benign and malignant tumors of palatine and lingual tonsils.
Ethical Leadership Decadence of Good Governance Failures in South African Public Service
Authors: Enaifoghe Andrew , N. Jili Nokukhanya , M. Mthethwa Richard
Published: July 2023

The study examined the Ethical Leadership Decadence and good governance failures in South African Public Service. According to the study, the global crisis has influenced the South African economy because it is interwoven into the global economy. African governments have exploited their strengths, fiscal possibilities, financial regulatory frameworks, and labour and institutional ingenuity to meet the crisis's issues. Studies indicates that the environment and culture influence the ethical behaviour of individuals in their workplace. People tend to modify their ethical orientations to the behaviour of those they observe amongst their leaders in the organization. It is therefore, critical for leaders to take active steps in fostering an ethical environment and culture in government institutions. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the issues that ethical leadership faces in light of the global crisis and to ask whether a simple response to the crisis without a purposeful ethical emphasis is sufficient for maintaining an effective and efficient public service. The method used is a critical qualitative examination of the current literature on the subject. The study concluded that the present administration must restructure the functioning of public organizations, develop sound whistleblowing systems to prevent corruption, and encourage public managers to act ethically when serving the public. As a result, the implications of this study emphasize good governance principles such as openness, accountability, and ethics, which are major determinants of effective public service delivery.
Perspective Chapter: MOOC – A Decade Later! What Is the Current Situation in Teacher Education?
Authors: Gonçalves Bruno , Gonçalves Vítor
Published: July 2023

The growth of distance education, even if in emergency modalities such as those compelled by the pandemic context in which we live in the last 3 years, seems to have potentiated a second massification of the use of MOOC. In this sense, it looks important to us to make research on the current status of these courses, namely, regarding their adoption in the continuing education of teachers. The study was based on a survey of the MOOCs carried out in the context of in-service teacher training in Portugal. The exploratory research focused only on the last 3 years—which involved the pandemic. The information was collected in the NAU platform, but also by searching for keywords in the search engines of MOOCs carried out in the field of teacher training. This way it will be possible to understand, in a more concrete and deeper way, the impact of this technology on teacher training in Portugal and the contribution it can make to improve the quality of the teacher training.
Application of Biotechnology and Husbandry Practices for the Conservation, Characterization and Enhancement of Production Potential of Available Goat Genetic Resource in Bangladesh
Authors: Saha Apu Auvijit , Younus Ali Md. , Mahbubul Mohammad , Akter Tasmina , Yahia Khandoker M.A.M.
Published: July 2023

A goat is a small ruminant found across the globe. However, each and every type of goat has some unique characteristics and is popular for specific reasons in a specific area. The Black Bengal goat is the only recognized goat breed in Bangladesh and is famous for its high fertility, prolificacy, superior skin and meat quality, early sexual maturity, disease resistance and short kidding interval. In this chapter, we focused on available goat genetic resources in Bangladesh, breed characteristics, morphometric characterization, husbandry practices, feed and nutrition used for goat production, productive and reproductive performances under subsistence farming system, disease and health management, biotechnological approach for conservation like estrus synchronization, semen quality analysis, cryopreservation of semen, Artificial insemination, in vitro embryo production of embryos and multiple ovulation and embryo transfer. Moreover, the contribution of goat production in poverty alleviation and women empowerment in Bangladesh was also highlighted. Thereafter, constraints on goat production and future recommendations for sustainable goat production in Bangladesh were given.
Crop Geometry and Mulch on Strawberry Postharvest Quality
Authors: Shekhar Datta Himadri , Coomar Barua Pritam , Kotoky Utpal , Das Ranjan , Saikia Hemanta , Devanath Hiranya
Published: July 2023

Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) is a natural hybrid species that is cultivated all over the world for its aggregate accessory fruits. Strawberry earns a great respect in the world fruit market owing to its fascinating colour and appealing distinctive flavour, and in India became very popular amongst the farming community due to early production and premium prices. However, the growers do not seem to adopt proper agronomic practices due to various reasons. Amongst the various factors responsible for low production, inappropriate crop geometry and poor selection of mulch material are important. Crop geometry plays a remarkable role for enhancement of strawberry quality through effective utilisation of solar radiation, nutrients and underground resources bringing about better photosynthate formation. The utilisation of mulch in commercial crop production has been practiced to evolve quality strawberry production with reduced disease incidence. The present study was conducted to determine the response of crop geometry and mulch on the postharvest quality of strawberry. Based on yield, quality and economics, the treatment combination (40 cm × 40 cm plant spacing with silver black mulch) was found to be the most viable economic proposition for strawberry in Jorhat condition of Assam.
Perspective Chapter: Effective Techniques for Getting and Keeping Students Engaged in a COVID-19 Environment
Authors: Baldwin-Clark Tamika
Published: July 2023

This chapter offers various techniques that have been used to get and keep students engaged in their learning, given the current state of the world. Based on a wide range of continuing education courses, it will describe ways in which to instruct students, regardless of whether the format is in-person, online, or hybrid. Interactive activities, such as Kahoot!, JeoParody, Family Feud, Quizlet, Quizziz, and Poll Everywhere will be discussed. While recognizing that each student and class is unique, the strategies suggested can set the foundation for promoting an educational environment, stricken by the pandemic, that fully embraces diversity, equity, and inclusion.
Hidden Markov Models for Pattern Recognition
Authors: M. Alwateer Majed , Elmezain Mahmoud , Farsi Mohammed , Atlam Elsayed
Published: July 2023

Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) are the most popular recognition algorithm for pattern recognition. Hidden Markov Models are mathematical representations of the stochastic process, which produces a series of observations based on previously stored data. The statistical approach in HMMs has many benefits, including a robust mathematical foundation, potent learning and decoding techniques, effective sequence handling abilities, and flexible topology for syntax and statistical phonology. The drawbacks stem from the poor model discrimination and irrational assumptions required to build the HMMs theory, specifically the independence of the subsequent feature frames (i.e., input vectors) and the first-order Markov process. The developed algorithms in the HMM-based statistical framework are robust and effective in real-time scenarios. Furthermore, Hidden Markov Models are frequently used in real-world applications to implement gesture recognition and comprehension systems. Every state of the model can only observe one symbol in the Markov chain. In contrast, every state in the topology of a Hidden Markov Model can see one symbol emerging from a particular gesture. The matrix representing the observation probability distribution contains the likelihood of observing a symbol in each state. As an illustration, the probability that a symbol will emit is determined by its observation probability in the first state. In the recognition task, the emission distribution is another name for the observation probability distribution. For the following reasons, HMM states are also referred to as hidden. First, choosing to emit a symbol denotes the second process. Second, an HMM’s emitter only releases the observed symbol. Finally, since the current states are derived from the previous states, the emitting states are unknown. HMMs are well-known and more flexible in the field of gesture recognition because of their stochastic nature.
Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and the Link to Antisocial, Delinquent, and Criminal Behaviors
Authors: Hesselink Anni
Published: July 2023

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are negative and powerful experiences that are linked to childhood trauma and abuse that can be passed on to own children, creating a devious cycle of ACEs. ACEs affect the development of children on an individual level (i.e., antisocial personality traits and mental health issues), physical health level (i.e., general health and diabetes), family and parental level (i.e., dysfunctional households and family violence), socioeconomic level (i.e., low family income and unemployment), peer level (i.e., antisocial and delinquent peers), school level (i.e., learning problems and low school attainment), and community/neighborhood level (i.e., high-crime levels and overcrowding). Depending on the impact and the severity of the abuse experienced by children and adolescents, the inability to positively adapt, regulate emotions, steer attitudes and skills, and foster positive personal relationships may lead to maladaptive functioning, and antisocial, violent, at-risk, and criminal behaviors. This chapter outlines ACEs within the context of antisocial, delinquent behaviors, and the link to criminal involvement.
E-Waste and Metal Contamination in the Environment: Health Effects
Authors: E.C. Dockrell Mark , Purchase Diane , G. Price Robert
Published: July 2023

It is predicted that electronic waste (e-waste) derived principally from discarded electronic equipment will reach 74 million metric tonnes by 2030. In addition, urbanization and industrialization have contributed to metal contamination in the environments. E-waste is often deposed of in low-income countries adversely affecting the health of the working population. The main sources of e-contamination are soil, dust, and food matrices. Drinking water can also be contaminated with heavy metals such as arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) causing a major health concern. Exposure to pollutants present in waste has a significant detrimental impact on human health; children in developing countries are often particularly susceptible. Sensitive monitoring procedures are needed to improve the rate of detection and monitoring of the possible adverse effects on the population exposed to significant quantities of e-waste.
Counterproductive Workplace Behaviors (CWBs): Antecedents and Outcomes
Authors: Callistus Chinwuba Ugwu
Published: July 2023

In the recent decades, counterproductive workplace behaviors (CWBs), a willful and intentional acts by members of organizations that harm organizations and their stakeholders have attracted the interest of organizational researchers due to its prevalence and huge negative impacts on organizations and their members. Globally, businesses have suffered immerse financial losses as well as damage to human capital development leading to feelings of dissatisfaction and distress culminating in intention to quit the organization as a result of CWBs. The present study therefore focused on exploring a number of theoretical and empirical organizational and individual antecedents of CWBs. As there are still lack of adequate understanding of the behavior especially as it concerns the predictors, further studies are necessary to gain more insight about the behavior that will enable stakeholders understand the motivational roots of the behavior which will aid in designing appropriate remedy on how to curb and mitigate the behaviors.
Manual Reduction, Subpedicle Approach, and Body Cages to Treat Burst Fracture
Authors: Li Kung-Chia , Hsieh Yu-Chieh , Hsieh
and Ting-Hua Liao Ching-Hsiang
Published: July 2023

Thoracolumbar (TL) burst fractures occasionally result in severe instability, acute or delayed neurological dysfunction and require surgical intervention. Burst fractures can be reduced by manual reduction first and the following surgical approaches including anterior, posterior, or both have individual advantages and limitations. Even transpedicular decompression and augmentation with the body cages and short-segment fixation (TpBA) are regarded successful, yet they are limited in their ability to decompress the contralateral spinal cord and bilateral procedures are necessary. Thus, a posterior far-lateral subpedicle approach to open the lateral vertebral cortex window, creating a tunnel to remove retropulsed bony fragments and pass body cages for full-body augmentation (SpBA) to treat burst fracture was herein reported. The characteristics of SpBA include unilateral approach, direct decompression, short operation time, and no posterior instrumentation. While adjacent disc injury and degeneration may occur in burst fractures, Li’s short-term results indicate that SpBA is effective in preventing its adverse effects. This chapter describes the detailed advanced techniques and classification of the results obtained by a professional team manual reduction for post-traumatic kyphosis. The unilateral subpedicle approach with body cages and cementation without screw instrumentation rendering a minimally invasive solution for spinal burst fractures was demonstrated.
Before or After -- the Big Bang Paradox
Authors: Pachankis Yang
Published: July 2023

The research adopts a mixed method of qualitative analysis, meta-analysis, review, and empirical research, without falsifying the Big Bang theory as null hypothesis, whereas the alternative hypothesis’ cosmological implications may empirically negate the null hypothesis itself. Chapter layout: 1) a thermonuclear perspective to the gravitation model of black hole and white holes, with white holes’ fermi surface nuclear repulsion force surpassing its gravity held together by the attractive force; 2) introduction to the background theory of black hole and white hole thermonuclear binding; 3) hypothesis testing experiment, with the rationale behind the computer graphic data interpolation (regarding the multi-wavelength data as individual nucleons collected from cosmic sources), space-based telescope data experiment with multispectral recombination, ground-based observational cosmology experiment with white hole observation results; 4) results of the experiments; 5) discussions on the implications of the results in cosmology and the big bang theory; 6) conclusions on the limitations of the big bang model in terms of physical cosmology, and mathematical deconstruction perspectives to the Big Bang model.
Digitalization: An Overview of the Advantages and Disadvantages
Authors: Corona Lara
Published: July 2023

Collections are the heart of museums, born for anyone’s benefit. In order to ensure people enjoy collections, museums operate as the stewards of items to preserve them for today and future generations. Due to the growing technological improvements and the advent of the Internet, collections have been made available for the audience’s benefit, both offline and online. This paper aims to provide the reader with a general picture of the matter. For this purpose, it illustrates the development of digitization since its first steps, when cultural institutions started approaching the usage of computers in the 1960s. Then, this study focuses on the main advantages and disadvantages of digitization. For instance, this practice contributes to preserving items through digital surrogates. Additionally, collections are made widely accessible-albeit virtually- thereby democratizing them. Nevertheless, it is argued that digital content might trigger the loss of the “aura” typically associated with seeing original items due to their uniqueness. Furthermore, digitization is a resource and time-consuming process whose outcome is prone to incurring the phenomenon of rapid “technological quicksand.” Finally, this study deals with revenue streams from digital content, such as merchandise and image licensing sale.
Comparison of Inflammatory Factors of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, and Maternal Platelet Count in Patients with and Without Chorioamnionitis and with Premature Preterm Rupture of Membrane
Authors: Hemmati Zeinab , Chamani Maryam , Rokhgireh Samaneh , Hashemi Neda
Published: July 2023

Background: The present study aimed to compare inflammatory markers of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and maternal platelet count in patients with and without chorioamnionitis with premature preterm rupture of membrane (PPROM). Methods: Women with PPROM and gestational age less than 34 weeks were enrolled in this cohort study. PPROM was confirmed with sterile speculum examination or the AmniSure test. A blood sample was drawn from mothers for complete blood count (CBC) and differential count (Diff) before administering antibiotics and corticosteroids. Another blood sample was drawn for CBC-Diff tests at the time of pregnancy termination. The status of mothers and fetuses was carefully monitored during hospitalization through the following indicators: Vital signs, daily abdominal examination, uterus discharge, daily non-stress test, and weekly ultrasonography. All samples were collected in one year. Results: A total of 110 patients were examined. The reason for pregnancy termination was gestational age of 34 weeks in 30 patients (27.3%), chorioamnionitis in 19 cases (17.3%), pain and dilation in 32 cases (29.1%), and miscellaneous in 29 cases (26.4%). Among the study parameters, only NLR was significantly different between groups, and the order of values from highest to lowest was in the chorioamnionitis, pain and dilatation, miscellaneous, and gestational age of 34 weeks groups. We found that NLR at a cut-off point of 3.2 - 3.5 had an acceptable sensitivity and low specificity to detect the cases of chorioamnionitis. Raised NLR was associated with (95% CI) histological chorioamnionitis with a sensitivity of 86% and a specificity of 43%. Conclusions: According to the findings of our study, NLR can be a suitable indicator for predicting chorioamnionitis in women who deliver preterm without clinical signs and symptoms of infection. It can be used for expectant management for PPROM after 34 weeks.
Comparison of Single-step and Sequential Embryo Culture Systems: Replacement of Serum with Platelet Lysate
Authors: Ghaedrahmati Annahita , Mamouei Morteza , Zandi Mohammad
Published: July 2023

Background: More understanding of the physiological needs of the embryo during its growth from the zygote to the blastocyst stage, as well as the composition of the uterine and fallopian tubal secretions, has led to the development of single-step or sequential culture media. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the utilization of mCR2aa culture medium as a sequential culture medium for embryo development, supplemented with platelet lysate (PL) to decrease the concentration of fetal bovine serum (FBS) in the embryo culture medium. Methods: After maturation and fertilization of sheep oocytes obtained from a slaughterhouse, potential zygotes were cultured in mCR2aa medium without FBS for two days (C1, 1 - 3 days of culture). In the second two days of culture (C2, 3 - 5 days of culture), 2.5% or 5% of FBS and 5% or 10% of PL were used. In the remaining days of culture (C3, 5 - 9 days of culture), 2.5%, 5%, or 10% of FBS, and 0%, 2.5%, 5%, or 10% of PL were used. These percentages were compared to the commercial BO-IVC™ medium and mCR2aa medium, both of which contained 10% of FBS. Results: No significant difference was observed in the number of produced blastocysts between different treatments and the control. However, the number of hatched blastocysts in BO-IVC™, as a single-step culture medium, significantly differed from that of the other treatments. The number of hatched blastocysts in the sequential culture medium was higher in media supplemented with 2.5% FBS and 10% PL in the C2 mCR2aa medium, and 2.5% FBS without PL in the C3 mCR2aa medium, but no significant difference was observed in other treatments. However, increasing the concentration of FBS and PL in the C3 mCR2aa medium significantly decreased the number of hatched blastocysts. Conclusions: An increase in the percentage of PL to 10% necessitated a decrease in FBS to 2.5% in the C2 mCR2aa medium, while PL in the C3 mCR2aa medium was not required in the presence of 2.5% FBS.
A Medication Assessment Tool to Evaluate Prescribers’ Adherence to Practice Guidelines in Acute-Phase Schizophrenia Treatment: Development and Psychometric properties
Authors: Akbari Atefeh , Sharif Nia Hamid , Zarghami Mehran , Azari Paria , Hendouei Fatemeh , Hendouei Narjes
Published: July 2023

Background: Studies showed that the adherence to practice guidelines is associated with a higher quality of care and better patient’s outcomes. In psychiatric practice, there is a quality gap between Practice guidelines (PGs) and routine clinical practice for the patients with schizophrenia which potentially hinders their recovery. One of the important reasons for this persistent gap is the lack of systematic methods to evaluate prescribers’ adherence to practice guidelines. Objectives: This study aimed to develop and validate a medication assessment tool (MAT) to evaluate prescribers’ adherence to pharmacotherapy recommendations in PGs during the acute phase of schizophrenia (APSCZ) in Iran (MATAPSCZ). Methods: This methodological cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2021 to April 2022. According to the literature review and discussions in the research group, an item pool of 91 items was developed. Then face and content validity of the scale were evaluated. Then, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to specify the factor structure. At last, the reliability and responsiveness of the scale were assessed. The study sample consisted of 200 Iranian psychiatrists and final-year psychiatry residents. Results: Eleven items were merged in qualitative content validity. Then, sixteen and six items were excluded from the scale in terms of having low content validity ratios and corrected item-total correlation, respectively. In exploratory factor analysis, the remaining 48 items were classified into six factors, which included 50.1% of the total variance. Based on the results, Cronbach’s alpha, and McDonald’s omega of all factors were higher than 0.7, AIC was 0.2 to 0.4 for all factors, and the intraclass correlation coefficient for MATAPSCZ was 0.914. The standard error of measurement was ± 4.5, and the percentage of minimum detectable change for the tool was calculated to be 6.15%, which indicates its excellent responsiveness. Conclusions: The MATAPSCZ has acceptable psychometric properties and could be a useful tool to evaluate prescribers’ adherence to practice guidelines pharmacotherapy recommendations during the APSCZ.