bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hepatoprotector Effect of Moringa Oleifera Lam. Seeds Extract Through Decrease Liver Inflammation of Rats with Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Rezkita Bastomy Eka , Pertiwi Ina Agustin , Dhelima Ismi Cahya , Budiani Dyah Ratna , Irving Steven
Published: December 2022

Background: Metabolic syndrome has been associated with chronic inflammation due to the increase of lymphocyte focus on hepatic lobular tissue. Moringa oleifera Lam. is an herbal plant that potentially reduce the inflammation process. This study aims to evaluate the effect of Moringa seed extract (MSE) on hepatic lobularinflammation in rats with hepatic tissue metabolic syndrome (MetS).Method: Twenty-four male Wistar rats (n = 24) were assigned into four groups: one control group (C) and three MetS groups, fed with a high-fat, high-fructose diet (HFHFD) daily for 53 days. After 53 days, respectively, MetS 2 and MetS 3 groups were given 150 and 200 mg/kg MSE. After 28 days of MSE administration, the rats were sacrificed, and then hepatic lobular inflammation measured with lobular inflammation score. The effect of MSE on hepatic lobular inflammation was analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney test.Results: There was a significant difference in hepatic lobular inflammation between four groups (p = 0.000). Mann-Whitney showed a significant difference between C vs. MetS 1, MetS 1 vs. MetS 2, and MetS 1 vs. MetS 3 (p = 0.000), but not significant C vs. MetS 2 (p = 0.364), C vs. MetS 3 (p = 0.109), MetS 2 vs. MetS 3 (p = 0.533).Conclusion: MSE at the dose of 150 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg significantly reduces lobular inflammation in hepatic tissue of MetS rats.
Occult Hepatitis B Infection in Kidney Transplant Patients
Authors: Paramita Ida Ayu Pradnya , Wibawa I Dewa Nyoman
Published: December 2022

Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) is still a topic of debate worldwide. It is defined as the presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in serum and/or liver from HBsAg-negative subjects. OBI may lead to the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. It continues to present several unique challenges in organ transplantation despite the availability of an effective vaccine to prevent HBV infection and the introduction of oral therapy to treat HBV infection. HBV reactivation following organ transplantation can occur even in recipients with absent hepatitis B surface antigen and remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Concerning OBI complications, the screening of HBV DNA by the highly sensitive molecular means should be implemented for both recipients of organ transplant and organ transplant donors especially in highly endemic areas of HBV. In the era of potent antivirals and with evolving knowledge, HBsAg (+) renal transplant candidates and recipients can be monitored and successfully treated. Kidney organs from HBsAg-negative and anti-HBc–positive donors should be considered for transplant candidates after weighing the risk-benefit ratio. All transplant candidates should receive HBV vaccination if they are not immune to facilitate receipt of an organ from a donor with anti-HBc seropositivity.
Percepções sobre os direitos da criança
Authors: Nascimento Veronica Pereira do , Sobral Catarina , Carvalho Carolina
Published: December 2022

A temática dos direitos da criança está em evidência nos últimos 32 anos, fruto da ratificação da Convenção sobre os Direitos da Criança. Este estudo segue esse interesse ao pretender conhecer as percepções de crianças do 4.º ano do primeiro ciclo do ensino básico de uma escola pública de Lisboa sobre os direitos de participação e de brincar. Os resultados obtidos por entrevista sugerem (i) a necessidade de conhecimento e de vivência dos direitos; (ii) a associação do direito de participação ao brincar, sendo pouco referenciado como transformador; (iii) o papel do adulto como aquele que intervém em comportamentos inadequados e dita as regras. Considera-se, para mais, que os direitos mais próximos à realidade da criança são aqueles que descrevem com mais facilidade, enquanto a participação encontra-se distante da sua condição. Por fim, algumas reflexões tornam-se urgentes devido às implicações da pandemia sobre os direitos das crianças.
O silêncio diante da desigualdade racial brasileira
Authors: Ribeiro Daniela , Squilante Débora Luz
Published: December 2022

A atual pesquisa busca compreender como uma escola estadual do interior paulista atua diante da temática das relações étnico-raciais prevista pela Lei nº 10.639/2003 para a educação brasileira. Por meio de um estudo de caso etnográfico, buscou-se investigar as ações de combate ao racismo nos anos finais do ensino fundamental. Foram realizadas observações participantes e entrevistas com profissionais educadores. Os resultados indicaram o despreparo da comunidade escolar para a implementação da lei e para a prevenção de situações de violência racial contra alunos negros. Conclui-se que está sendo mantido silêncio diante da desigualdade racial na escola estudada.
Práticas educativas nos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Zanelato Eliete , Sá Ademilson Gonçalves de
Published: December 2022

O artigo em tela objetiva analisar os desafios e possibilidades presentes nas práticas educativas desenvolvidas com alunos do 3º ano do ensino fundamental, em uma escola municipal de Ariquemes, Rondônia. A sustentação teórica está pautada no Enfoque Histórico-Cultural. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa que se deu a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas com duas professoras do 3º ano de uma mesma escola em agosto de 2021, mês em que houve retorno presencial dos estudantes. Os desafios estão relacionados com a dificuldade de acesso às crianças durante o período de isolamento social e com a compreensão dos pais acerca da relevância de algumas atividades. Já as possibilidades estão relacionadas às parcerias com a equipe pedagógica durante os planejamentos, com a elaboração de projetos e sequências didáticas, cujas atividades envolvem o diagnóstico de aprendizagem e promovem ativação das funções mentais dos estudantes.
Exploring the Mystical Universe!
Authors: Nazra Zahid Shaikh  , Farhana Yasmeen Qadri  , Muhammad Safdar Bhatti  , Handoko
Published: December 2022

Islam is the religion of peace and harmony as its name suggested by Allah. It is rooted in purity, submission, and obedience. Historically, modern researchers claim Islam is 1400 years old; the youngest religion in the world which was introduced by Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) in 610 A.D. But Muslims believe that this is the oldest and first entered the religion of the world and stepped onto this world with Hadrat Adam (A.S) And Hadrat Hawa (A.S). Contrary to this, Islam has also seen many twists and turns due to its followers and critics. Its original teachings are somehow forgotten by Muslims and misconstrued by other religions. This religion of peace is frequently questioned on ‘peace’ and ‘tolerance’ and is always misunderstood and misinterpreted by the ‘west’, specifically. In recent times, Islam is commonly pigeonholed with ‘extremism’ and ‘terrorism’ and Muslims with ‘terrorists’ and extremists’; without feeling any need to find the truth. Although Islam is the center for spirituality and humanity in real, its general perception is the opposite to it. The purpose of this study is to find out the similarities and differences between the two big religions of the world (as portrayed in scholarly specific poetries) to provide some core similarities in philosophical teachings/understandings. This comparative study has been designed between the works of the two legendary figures of the Islamic & Christian world i.e., Maulana Rumi and Geoffrey Chaucer, respectively. Maulana Rumi is majorly known as a phenomenal Sufi poet/scholar of the 13th century and Chaucer is considered ‘the father of English literature’ and belongs from the 14th century. This qualitative comparison is embedded in the similarities in religion, tolerance, honesty, truth, love, and humanity. It suggests that both poets have used the concept of tolerance as a policy to discover the ‘self’, ‘spirit’, and ‘liberalism’. This study provides evidence based on Islam that peace and tolerance are the soul and blood of this religion. It is also a defense of the evidence that these renowned poets are far more inclusive than most early modern poets of toleration.
Protection of Maritime Law on Fishery Zone at the Coast Border of West Sumatera
Authors: Magdariza  , Najmi
Published: December 2022

In the few months there is a high intensity of illegal fishing at Indonesian waters. The most potential area located in the coast border of West Sumatera facing the high seas and Indian Ocean that have long been a target from abroad fishing boats. Geographically, there are three areas located in strategic west coast of Sumatera such as Padang City, South Coast District, and Mentawai District. By the situation of opened-coast territorial geography, it is susceptible for illegal fishing of tuna by the local or abroad ships. The observed problems in this research are finding causing factors of illegal fishing in west coast of Sumatera to protect the waters environment under the local wisdom, how to implement the countermeasures of illegal fishing in the west coast of Sumatera. Moreover, there is a special attempt to find out the system and proper policy to cope with the potential happening often of illegal fishing that threatens the waters protection in west coast of Sumatera. The dominant method used in research is qualitative approach by implement two legal studies such as socio legal and normative legal study used in research on doctrines or useful principles of law. Moreover, characteristically this research categorized as the analytical descriptive.
Hubungan Albuminuria dan Laju Filtrasi Glomerulus pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 yang Tidak Terkontrol
Authors: Parinding Vinny Vania , Ilmiawan Muhammad In'am , Fitrianingrum Iit , Trianto Heru Fajar , Mardhia Mardhia
Published: December 2022

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. Patients with diabetes mellitus require optimal glycemic control. Poorly controlled diabetes mellitus is at risk for complications, such as diabetic nephropathy. Diabetic nephropathy is characterized by albuminuria and can lead to decreased Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR). Objectives: To determined the relationship between albuminuria and GFR in a patient with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: This research was conducted at the Pontianak Branch of Prodia Health Clinic Laboratory in March 2021, using secondary data of laboratory examination results from DM patients in the 2020 period. This research was observational analytics with a cross-sectional approach. The number of samples that comply with the research criteria was 273 people. Bivariate analysis using Spearman’s correlation test. Results: Spearman's correlation test results showed significance (p=0.001) and correlation coefficient (r=0.209). Conclusion: Albuminuria and GFR in a patient with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus are significantly and positively correlated.Keywords:  albuminuria, poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus, glomerular filtration rate
Perbandingan Jumlah Trombosit pada Pasien COVID-19 dengan Kadar Glukosa yang Berbeda
Authors: Octavira Imanta Alifia , Agrijanti Agrijanti , Srigede Lalu , Zaetun Siti
Published: December 2022

Hyperglycemia has increased arachidonic acid thromboxane which is an effective ingredient in platelet activation. Thrombocytopenia in COVID-19 patients occurs through a variety of mechanisms, such as uncontrolled production of cytokines destroying bone marrow progenitor cells, direct inhibition of hematopoiesis viral infection of the bone marrow, increase in autoantibodies and immune complexes that cause platelet destruction, and lung injury that causes platelet aggregation and consumption of platelets so that platelets in the circulation are reduced. Objectives: To analyzed the ratio of platelet counts in COVID-19-positive patients who had different blood glucose levels. Methods: This research used secondary data, with types of analytical observational research as well as comparative study approaches. Statistical tests were conducted using an independent samples t-test with a confidence level of 95%. Results: The average platelet count was normal, but a low platelet count of 3.30% was obtained with normal blood glucose levels and a high platelet count of 2.20% with normal blood glucose levels, with a significance value of platelet count with normal blood glucose levels of 0.790 and platelet counts with blood glucose levels above normal which is 0.791 with a confidence level of 95%. Conclusion: There was no significant difference between the platelet count in COVID-19 patients with normal and above normal blood glucose levelsKeywords: blood glucose, platelets, COVID-19
Pengaruh Suplementasi Saccharomyces boulardii terhadap Kejadian Diare pada Balita
Authors: Pratiwi Winda Wahyu , Sarbini Dwi
Published: December 2022

Diarrhea is a disease that occurs due to viral or bacterial infection in the digestive tract system. Signs of diarrhea are the stool becomes liquid and the frequency of bowel movements is more than three times a day and is accompanied by blood and mucus or only mucus. Saccharomyces boulardii is a probiotic yeast with proven medicinal benefits, especially in the gastrointestinal tract and antibiotic booster. Objectives: To describe the effect of Saccharomyces boulardii supplementation on the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers. Methods: Literature review method with 11 articles (2011-2021) and the keywords used are "Saccharomyces boulardii, diarrhea, toddler". Journal search with Google scholar, Scopus and Pubmed. Reputable journals SINTA S1 with 1, Scopus Q1 with 3 articles, Q2 with 2 articles, Q4 with 5 articles. Results: The results of the literature review showed that as many as ten articles (90.9%) stated that Saccharomyces boulardii supplementation had a significant effect on reducing the duration of diarrhea in children under five. In addition to the effect on the duration of diarrhea in toddlers, there are also 5 articles (45.4%) stating that there is an effect on reducing the frequency of diarrhea in toddlers on the second day after supplementation with Saccharomyces boulardii. Conclusion: There is an effect of Saccharomyces boulardii supplementation on reducing the duration and frequency of diarrhea in toddlers.Keywords: diarrhea, toddler, Saccharomyces boulardii
Insidensi Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah pada Spektrum Plasenta Akreta di Rumah Sakit Dr Hasan Sadikin Bandung
Authors: Kharisma Yuktiana , Agustina Hasrayati , Suryanti Sri , Dewayani Birgitta Maria , Hernowo Bethy Suryawati
Published: December 2022

Low birth weight (LBW) babies are closely related to infant morbidity, stunted growth and cognitive development, and chronic diseases. Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is a condition that complicates pregnancy and is closely related to low birth weight. Objectives: To determined the incidence of LBW in mothers with SPA at the hospital Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Methods: A descriptive observational study involving 71 cases of SPA in hospitals  Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung, period 2016-2020, which has met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. SPA cases were divided into three groups: placenta accreta, increta, and percreta. In each SPA group, the incidence of LBW was evaluated. Results: 46.5% (33/71 cases of PAS) had low birth weight, while 53.5% (38/71 cases of PAS) had normal birth weight babies. The placenta accreta and percreta groups were dominated by normal birth weight infants [(18/31 cases), (5/9 cases)], while the placenta increta group was dominated by low birth weight infants (16/31 cases). The LBW category is divided into Extremely Low Birth Weight (ELBW), Very Low Birth Weight (VLBW), and LBW. In placenta accreta, there were 2 ELBW and VLBW infants, and 9 LBW infants. In the placenta increta, there are 3 ELBW and VLBW, and 10 LBW. In the placenta percreta, there were 1 ELBW and 3 LBW, while VLBW was not found in the placenta percreta. Conclusion: The incidence of LBW is found in almost half the population of SPA cases in hospitals. DR. Hasan Sadikin in the 2016-2020 period.Keywords:  low birth weight, placenta accreta spectrum
Biological and in vitro effects of Neem (Azadirachta indica) extract on second and third instar larvae of Spodoptera litura
Authors: Afzal Zohaib , Hussain Shabar , Arif Muhammad , Ahmed Muhammad , Iqbal Usama , Ullah Ikram , Haider Waqas , Hashmi Muhammad Behroz Fazal
Published: December 2022

Spodoptera litura is a major threat to agricultural crops all over the world including Pakistan. It has developed resistance to several chemicals, especially synthetic insecticides. Plant based chemicals like extracts may serve as suitable and alternative biocontrol methods for pests in the future. The current study was conducted to determine the biology of S. litura on cabbage and the effects of two botanicals i.e. Azadirachta indica and Eucalyptus globulus against 2nd and 3rd instar larvae in controlled conditions. The incubation period of pest was 3-4 days. The average mean developmental period of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th larval instar was 2.44±0.71, 2.32±0.74, 3.43±0.68, 2.76±0.80, and 2.40±0.79 days, respectively. The pre-ovipositional, and ovipositional period of females was 2.04-3.58 and 2.89-5.71 days respectively. The total life cycle of pests was 30.83-38.79 days. Significantly higher mortality of 2nd and 3rd instar larvae was recorded in A. indica. The percentage of mortality increased with an increase in treatment time.
pauta de improvisación en escalas de fagoacción, una metodología abierta en medio de la pandemia
Authors: Guzmán Calderón Hernán Darío
Published: December 2022

El presente artículo muestra la metodología de las pautas de improvisación dentro de un laboratorio sensible que se llevó a cabo durante la pandemia del Covid-19. Dicha metodología fue usada en mi trabajo de grado, el cual buscaba un acercamiento sensible en la relación músico e instrumento musical. Sin embargo, la puesta en juego de este proceso no solo arrojó un resultado afín con el proyecto de grado sino que además abrió rutas de reconfiguración sensible en los cuerpos de los participantes del laboratorio, quienes estaban limitados por la pandemia. De esta manera la metodología, que a la vez sufrió cambios, pudo transformar los cuerpos rígidos que dejó la misma crisis sanitaria y dio apertura al encuentro sensible con el otro a partir de la apuesta del laboratorio con pautas de improvisación.
КРЕМЕНЕЦЬКИЙ ПЕРІОД ТВОРЧОСТІ ВІДОМОГО ВЧЕНОГО ТА ПЕДАГОГА – КОСТЯНТИНА АДРІАНОВИЧА ТАТАРИНОВА
Authors: Shevchyk L. O. , Kravets N. Ya. , Holineі H. M. , Kryzhanovska M. A. , Parubok M. I.
Published: December 2022

K. A. Tatarinov was a multifaceted personality, he made a significant contribution to the development of paleozoology, hunting science, ornithology and teriology in Ukraine. The article describes the main events of the Kremenets period of the scientist's life and work. The described period dates from August 1958 to August 1963. While working in Kremenets, he not only a scientist, but also develops as a manager, starting his career in August 1958 as a senior lecturer at the Department of Zoology Kremenets Pedagogical Institute, after two years - an associate professor, and since February 1961 - head of the specified department. Konstantin Adrianovych during his work at the Kremenets Pedagogical Institute, showed himself as a talented teacher with deep theoretical knowledge, hardworking and persistent scientist. Already at that time he understood the need for domestic and foreign creative scientific cooperation scientists with the aim of developing a unified program of stationary faunistic and zoogeographic studies. During the short 6 years of work at the Department of Zoology of the Kremenets Pedagogical Institute, Kostyantyn Adrianovych systematically organized annual educational field trips, worked on the creation and replenishment of the educational (museum) collection of bird and mammal skins, and conducted intensive speleozological research. At this time the scientist begins the cycle paleozoological studies, in particular the study of the fossil fauna of caves Podillia, modern and fossil vertebrate fauna of the mountain system Prykarpattia and Ukrainian Carpathians. In general, the field of scientific research in this period is very diverse from paleontology, zoogeography, zoology to phenology nature and ecology of vertebrates. During this time, he prepared and published the textbooks "Textbook of Zoology" and "Vertebrate Zoology", published a number of scientific works on fossil birds, small mammals and dolphins of Podillia (60 publications in total). Scientific results studies quite fully represent faunal diversity and faunal wealth of vertebrate animals of Kremenets and its surroundings and cover the forest massifs of the Eastern Carpathians and Hologoro-Kremenetskyi highlands, dry meadows, cave groups of mammals.

In his pedagogical activities, he pays a lot of attention to highlighting contemporary achievements of zoology, the role of Ukrainian scientists in the study of the species and zoogeographic diversity of the vertebrate fauna of Kremenech region.
ПОРІВНЯЛЬНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ФАУНИ КОМАХ РЯДУ ТВЕРДОКРИЛІ НА ЛУЧНО-СТЕПОВИХ ДІЛЯНКАХ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО ПРИРОДНОГО ПАРКУ «КРЕМЕНЕЦЬКІ ГОРИ»
Authors: Dovhanyuk I.
Published: December 2022

The article establishes the patterns of transformation of the group of soil-litter of the Coleoptera in the meadow-steppe areas o the National Park "Kremenetski Hory", which are caused by the losts of the meadow steppes. The species composition of the ground-litter Coleoptera on the meadow-steppe habitats was analyzed in accordance with field research during 2019–2021 at the mountains Divochi skely, Sokilya and Volovytsia, as well as in the botanical reserve of national significance "Vakantsi".

Afforestation of the meadow-steppe habitats of the Kremenets Mountains almost completely destroyed them, and the remaining areas are localized as small "islands" far from each other, and their area is insignificant. The dominant species found on the territory of the Park are Carabus coriaceus and C. convexus, Abax parallelus, Nicrophorus interruptus, Leptura maculate, Gnaptor spinimanus (the highest number at the mountains Maslyatyn, Strahova) and Maladera holosericea occur with high regularity in the meadow-steppe areas. By comparing the soil-litter beetles in the meadow-steppe areas of the Park, Shannon's diversity index is 2.6, and Simpson's index is 0.8. The species of Coleoptera in the meadow-steppe areas differ significantly, the highest rate of species diversity is characteristic of the mountain of Sokillya and the botanical reserve "Vakantsi".
سؤالات الترمذي لشيخه الدارمي - جمعا ودراسة
Authors: Mohammed Ismaeel Khaleel
Published: December 2022

فهذا ملخص بحثي (سؤالات الترمذي لشيخه الدارمي جمعا ودراسة) جمعت فيه تلك السؤالات  فبلغت ثمانية وهي غاية في الاهمية لان فيها علما قد لا يكون في غيرها، اضف الى ذلك اهمية ومكانة الامامين الترمذي وشيخه الدارمي.
فوجدها تنقسم في جملتها الى قسمين منها ما يتعلق بالرواة كما في الحديث الثاني والرابع ومنها ما يتعلق بالصناعة الحديثية كالحديث الاول والثالث والخامس والسادس والسابع والثامن، وعلى هذه الثمانية الاحاديث انقسم البحث بعد التمهيد والمقدمة ثم الخاتمة والمصادر، وقد ذكرت الحديث او الرواية التي فيها السؤال وقمت بتخريجها من دواوين السنة، وذكرت الحكم عليها من خلال دراسة اسانيدها ومن ثم مناقشة تلك المسائل وذكر اقوال العلماء وبينت الراجح منها والله اسأل ان ينفعني وينفع بعملي هذا.
Problems of Translating American Business Jargons into Arabic
Authors: Hasan Najat Abdul Rahman , Najim Sufian Hatam
Published: December 2022

This paper tackles the translation of American business jargons into Arabic.Based on the fact that American dialect as a form of non-standard English language is characterized by special vocabularies and linguistic forms which makes it's translation into Arabic a relatively difficult task for novice and incompetent translators. Thus, when handling the task of translating such jargons into Arabic, the translator will encounter a twofold challenge, first he should be fully aware of the American dialect before he would be able to translate it into standard English, secondly, the translator will then convey the resulting meaning from English into Arabic.The rationale behind this research is that translating business jargons in general and American ones in particular has not yet been given the proper attention. This lack of interest might be attributed to the complexity and sophistication associated with the translation of such jargons.The translation model of Vinay and Darbelnet (1958) has been adopted, since it provides an appropriate framework for this study.The study hypothesizes that there is no one to one translation equivalence between the meanings of some lexical items in the translation of American business jargons from English into Arabic. It also hypothesizes that translating these jargons represents a complicated task that only competent translators can tackle.The study aims at defining the main problems of translating American business jargons into Arabic, in addition to exploring the main translation strategies used in the translation process.To verify the accuracy of the hypotheses, the study includes a practical chapter which tackles the translation and analysis of 8 American business jargons into Arabic. The translation task has been assigned to (5) 4th class translation students at the (Translation Department/ College of Arts/ University of Mosul). Their renderings have been thoroughly verified and assessed to specify errors and misinterpretations.Based on the results attained, a number of conclusions are outlined.
التَّوجيه النَّحوي للقراءات القرآنيَّة عند سيبويه وشُرَّاح كتابه
Authors: Hussein Basim Salih , Majeed Ali Jadullah
Published: December 2022

يدرس هذا البحث ظاهرة التوجيه النحوي عند سيبويه وشراح كتابه، إذ درس الباحثان المواضع التي وجَّه فيه سيبويه القراءات القرآنية توجيهاً نحوياً اعتمد فيه ذائقته اللغوية، وما دوَّنه شرَّاح الكتاب من بعده،  وتبيَّن بعد البحث أنَّ سيبويه استشهد بالقرآن الكريم وقراءاته على الكثير من الأحكام النحوية، وقد وجَّه بعض القراءات التي أوردها توجيهاً نحوياً مستنداً بذلك على المسموع من كلام العرب المنظوم والمنثور، وكذلك فعل شرَّح الكتاب، وقد اتخذت عناية الشرَّاح بالقراءات القرآنية اتجاهين: أحدهما ما أوردوه تبعاً لسيبويه في كتابه، شرحاً وتوجيهاً وتعليلاً. وثانيهما: ما أوردوه من قراءات محتجين بها على حكم نحوي، أو رأي ذكروه.
دوافع بريطانيا في عملية إنشاء حلف الناتو 1949 وموقفها من انضمام إيطاليا ودورها العسكري
Authors: Ragab Fouad Qahtan
Published: December 2022

تناول البحث (دوافع بريطانيا في عملية انشاء حلف الناتو وموقفها من انضمام إيطاليا ودورها العسكري)، عملت بريطانيا وبكل جهدها بعد اندلاع الحرب الباردة للعمل على صيانة أمنها والمحافظة على مكانتها كقوة عالمية ومن اجل ذلك أخذت تعمل على ربط اكبر عدد من الدول بمعاهدة دفاع عسكرية لمواجهة التمدد السوفيتي، على ان تكون الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية إلى جانبها لما تملكه من امكانيات، واعطت بعدا جغرافيا لذلك الحلف في بداية تداول فكرته بأن يضم الدول الواقعة في شمال المحيط الأطلسي على الساحلين، وفعلا تمكنت بريطانيا من اقناع غالبية تلك الدول بفكرة الحلف, وبسبب طبيعة معاهدة السلام بين الحلفاء وإيطاليا التي قيدت الجانب الإيطالي عسكريا فأن بريطانيا عارضت انضمام إيطاليا فضلاً عن كونها لا تقع في شمال الأطلسي, إلاَّ أنَّ الإصرار الأمريكي والفرنسي جعلها توافق لان هدفها الاكبر التوقيع على الحلف, وبعد اكثر من جولة من المباحثات في العاصمة الأمريكية واشنطن تم التوقيع على الحلف في 4 نيسان 1949.
    استمرت دول الحلف بترتيبات تشكيل اللجان العسكرية بعد التوقيع, وقد ساهمت بريطانيا بتهميش الدور الإيطالي في اللجان العسكرية, وان تلك الأمور أسهمت بتدهور العلاقات الإيطالية البريطانية.
إعادة التأهيل المجتمعي للنازحين العائدين الى مناطق سكناهم دراسة ميدانية في مدينة بلد(ناحية يثرب وعزيز بلد إنموذجاً)
Authors: Hussein Anas naji
Published: December 2022

تتمثل مشكلة الدراسة  في الضرورة للتوعية بأهمية التأهيل المجتمعي للأسر العراقية العائدة من عملية النزوح ,فضلاً عن ذلك فهي تهدف الى معرفة طبيعة الظروف الصحية والنفسية والعوامل الاجتماعية والاقتصادية والسياسية والثقافية التي يعيشها النازحون العائدون وحجم الخدمات المقدمة للنازحين العائدين لمناطق سكناهم, وقد اعتمد الباحث  منهج المسح الاجتماعي في تفسير وتحليل الظاهرة المدروسة، وقد استخدمت  استبانة من عدة محاور، واشتملت عينة البحث على100 مبحوث كل مبحوث يمثل رباً لأسرته في القصبات التابعة لقضاء بلد(يثرب –عزيز بلد), تجمع  شرائح متعددة واعمار متفاوتة, ومن أبرز النتائج وجود تدني عناصر الامن الانساني والامن الاجتماعي المتمثل بالأمن البيئي وبواقع 63%, ويليه الامن الغذائي وبواقع 43%, والصحي وبنسبة 46%, وكذلك المجتمعي والاقتصادي وبواقع 48% لكلاً منهما, والتعليمي وبنسبة43%,واخيرا تدني خدمات الماء والكهرباء وبواقع 46%, وهذا التدني هو مؤشر خطير لواقع  الامن المجتمعي والامن الانساني للعوائل والاسر العائدة .
Reference in the Glorious Qur'an with Reference to English
Authors: Alwan Rasha Hussein
Published: December 2022

This study deals with reference, which is one of the semantic relations through grammar. It is a grammatical cohesive device whose function is creating cohesion through combining between utterance and meaning in order to achieve unity of the Qur‟anic text, where cohesion is the basic feature for building and forming the text depending on grammatical structures. The problem is embodied in finding the situations of reference in the Glorious Qur‟an and revealing how it contributes in creating textual cohesion to achieve the intended benefit and to avoid repetition and redundancy in style. This study aims at specifying to which extent reference contributes in achieving texture feature of the Qur'anic text by linking the parts of one sentence or many sentences with each other to make a text. This study depends on two hypotheses: the first is; only endophoric reference achieves textual cohesion because it works within the text. The second is textual cohesion is more embodied with reference by pronouns especially third person pronoun. The adopted model in this study is Halliday and Hassan (1976) who suggest the types of reference. It consists of five axes. Each of them is dedicated to explain this cohesive device. The first axe deals with the concept of reference. The second axe focuses on the function of reference. The third axe sheds light on the types of reference while the fourth one deals with the articles of reference, where the most important article is reference with pronouns. The fifth axe is a conclusion in which the role of the reference as a cohesive device and a means for economy that leads to avoiding redundancy is clarified.
Local Government Policy: Converting Agricultural Land to Housing
Authors: Akhmaddhian Suwari , Budiman Haris , Yuhandra Erga , Apriditiya Septian
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine the regulation of converting agricultural land into housing and the suitability of its implementations. This study employed a juridical empirical approach which is a research done by looking at and paying attention to applicable legal norms associated with existing facts from the problems encountered. In this case,  the local government policies on converting agricultural land into housing. The findings revealed the perpetrators of the land conversion process that occur in Kuningan Regency are the landowners. Some of the causes are: social, economic, population density, and the lack of socialization of Law Number 41 of 2009. Efforts made by local government officials and related agency officials to realize sustainable food land protection are still limited to carrying out their main duties and functions. The guideline in controlling the use of space, licensing and controlling mechanisms for the implementation of development, stated in the Regional Regulation of Kuningan Regency Number 26 of 2011 on regional Spatial Planning and Regulation of the Head of the National Land Agency Number 2 of 2011 concerning guidelines for technical land considerations in controlling location permits and determining locations and permits for changes in land use. The study concluded that converting the function of agricultural land to non-agriculture in Kuningan Regency is carried out by the landowner. In addition, efforts made by local government officials and related agency officials to realize sustainable food land protection are still limited to carrying out their main duties and functions. Accordingly, it is necessary to socialize Law Number 41 of 2009 on Protection of Sustainable Food Agricultural Land and Regional Regulation of Kuningan Regency Number 26 of 2011 concerning Regional Spatial Planning continuously to the community level. Furthermore, local governments need to coordinate with the village officials to monitor the use of agricultural land and the development of housing areas. This can be done by providing socialization to village officials.
Employment Termination in the Middle of Covid-19 Pandemic: Labor Law Point of View
Authors: Santoso Aris Prio Agus , Suhatmi Erna Chotidjah
Published: December 2022

Article 28D paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution states everyone has the right to work and to receive fair and proper compensation and treatment in a working relationship. It is emphasized in Article 151 (1) of Law no. 13/2003 concerning Manpower. The entrepreneurs, workers/laborers, trade/labor unions, and the government must make every effort to prevent an employment termination. In fact, many workers have been terminated and some even did not receive any severance pay at all. Accordingly, the researchers formulated the following research questions: how to terminate employment in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic, and how is the government’s responsibility for the welfare guarantees for workers. This research employed a normative juridical approach by collecting data from literature studies. The data obtained were analyzed qualitatively. The findings revealed the layoffs in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic were a breach of contract by entrepreneurs.  The entrepreneurs were still obliged to provide severance pay, reward money, and compensation money. In addition, the government has also provided accountability in the form of an economy, the Pre-Work Card. With this card, workers can develop workforce competence, increase productivity and competitiveness of the workforce, and develop entrepreneurship. The Manpower Office responsible for this program also participated in the workforce supervising and guiding
The Analysis of Direct Grant Policy in Covid-19 Pandemic in Justice Perspective
Authors: Zuhri Muhammad Fakhruddin , Bintarawati Fenny , Illiyyun Naili Ni'matul , Rismana Daud
Published: December 2022

The village is a place where people can live side by side in harmony and peace. This what actually has been aspired by our national law long time ago, that is a society which live in equity and prosperous . Laws are made to regulate and bring justice for all elements of the society. This justice should be able to presented by the policy maker and should be realized because it is awaited by all of elements. Especially in the current situation where the COVID-19 pandemic is occuring across the world which is Indonesia state is also affected. Many people, especially the grassroots got the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, they lost their jobs, that is very meaningful for them to fullfill their daily needs. The Government through the Ministry of Villages, Development of Rural Regions, and Transmigration in the midst of this situation released a program as one of the solution, that is direct grant (Banyuan Langsung Tunai) arranged through the regulation of the Ministry of PDTT  Number 6 Year 2020. The research methodology used the qualitative methods which produced descriptive data. The results of this study indicated the BLT policy in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic is an appropriate solution from the government to help alleviate citizen's living cost especially the burden of rural societies who are affected by COVID-19. The BLT policy in the midst of the 19th pandemic has reflected the sense of justice aspired by the law, because actually a law/regulation/policy was made to create justice for humans, and even that policy became a priority in the context of overcoming the COVID-19 pandemic.ame a priority in the context of overcoming the COVID-19 pandemic.
Legal Protection for Doctors in Health Service Practices
Authors: Nugroho Eriawan Agung , Kusumaningrum Anggraeni Endah
Published: December 2022

The advanced developments in technology, information, and knowledge, especially in the fields of health and law, will have a negative impact on the mindset of society, especially in health services. This is proven by the wide variety of demands on medical personnel, the doctors who practice medicine. Cases of suspected malpractice are often over-reported by the mass media and social media. Doctors are seen to have no responsibility or making mistakes in their profession. In fact, all the news that is delivered or written does not necessarily reflect reality. The actions were taken by the doctor corresponds with professional standards and standard for operating procedures. This study aims to explore the analysis of legal protection implementation and its weaknesses in a medical dispute between doctors and patients. This study employed a normative juridical approach by library research. The primary and secondary legal material sources were taken from laws, books, and scientific journals. The findings revealed that in doing medical practice, doctors must fulfill informed consent and medical records. This is to serve as evidence that can exempt the doctors from all lawsuits if malpractice allegations arise. There are many reasons for the repeal of the doctors’ sentences to free them from lawsuits. This includes the risk of medication and medical accidents. In conclusion, a doctor who has carried out his duties based on professional standards, service standards, and standard operating procedures is entitled to proper legal protection based on the value of justice
The Application of Business Judgment Rule Principles: The Protection for State-Owned Enterprises Directors to Business Risk Failure
Authors: Kamilah Anita , Handayani Trini
Published: December 2022

State-owned enterprises have a strategic position in realizing the mandate of the 4th paragraph of the Preamble of the 1945 Constitution. However, the absence of synchronization of laws and regulations in interpreting the  State-Owned Enterprises fund as separated state assets, creates legal uncertainty for the Board of Directors when losses arise due to business risks. This condition raises the issue of the board of directors' responsibilities in managing State-Owned Enterprise's finances. Thus, there is the need to apply the Principles of Business Judgment Rule in protecting the Directors from State-Owned Enterprises losses. The approach employed in this study was juridical normative research. Specifically, this study used descriptive analysis. The data were analyzed qualitatively. The findings revealed: (1) State-owned enterprises have played a role in realizing Indonesian Economic Democracy with their distinctive business characteristics, a profit-seeking company and social services provider to the community; (2) State-owned enterprise's losses are not related to state finances. This is because state equity participation has been transformed into state shares/funds to State-owned Enterprises whose management is based on the provisions of Limited Liability Companies; and (3) The principle of the Business Judgment Rule provides protection for the Board of Directors. It states that they can not be held accountable for the losses in state-owned Enterprises if the management of State Owned Enterprises is based on the following principles: (a) due of care; (b) due of skill; (c) good faith, and (d) for the best interest of the company. In conclusion, BUMN Persero that experiences losses due to business risks cannot be categorized as state financial losses. In addition, according to the principles of business judgment rule, Directors cannot be held accountable
The Government Policy in Realizing the Sustainability of Labeobarbus Douronensis "Dewa Fish"
Authors: Akhmaddhian Suwari , Yuhandra Erga , Nurhasanah Ressa Siti
Published: December 2022

The present study aims to identify the regulations on the conservation of natural resources and their impact on community welfare. This study applied an empirical juridical approach. The primary and secondary data used in this study were collected through interviews, observation, and literature study. As results, it can be identified that fish conservation in Indonesia is regulated by various laws and regulations, including Law on Fisheries, Law on Environmental Protection and Management, Government Regulation on Conservation of Fishery Resources, Government Regulation on Fish Farming, Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry on Recognition and Protection of Local Wisdom in the Management of Natural Resources and Environment, Regional Regulation on Implementation of Tourism, Regional Regulation on Preservation of Local Culture, as well as Regional Regulation on Conservation of Birds and Fish which give the authority to Kuningan District Regional Government in the conservation of ‘god fish’. The conservation of ‘god fish’ based on local wisdom of ‘pamali’ is in the form of prohibition on damaging the spring in Cibulan Tourist Attraction and prohibition on disturbing ‘god fish’. To conclude with, the conservation of natural resources, especially ‘god fish’, through water-based tourism management has positive implications for community welfare.
Supreme Court Policy On Underage Marriage Dispensation Realizing Legal Certainty
Authors: Astuti Woro Mega Dwi , Mayastika Jacinda Ilma , Latifiani Dian
Published: December 2022

The issuance of Law Number 16 of 2019, Amendments to Law Number 1 of 1974 on Marriage, has given Indonesia a new perspective on the law of marriage. The Supreme Court has issued Supreme Court regulation of Republic Indonesia Number 5 of 2019 concerning adjudicating application guidelines for Marriage Dispensation. The study employed normative research. The findings showed that Supreme Court Regulation Number 5 of 2019 is a special rule made by the Supreme Court to explain the procedural law, applying for marriage dispensation, which has not been clearly regulated in Article 7 of Law Number 16 of 2019. One way to overcome marriage dispensation-related problems is by creating limited rules. Particularly, the reasons for filing such cases. The responsible law enforcers are also expected to tighten the application procedure. Thus,  the number of early marriages can be lessened.
Polemics on Interfaith Marriage: Law and Civil Law Perspectives
Authors: Safarin Muhammad Habiby Abil Fida , Fatimah Fatimah
Published: December 2022

Marriage is seen as a bridge to a long journey that has shared visions and missions. We can not recklessly hold a wedding. There are a few things to be considered. Umumnya adalah budaya dan agama yang menjadi sorot utama ketika pemuda pemudi atau calon mempelai pria dan wanita akan melangsungkan pernikahan. Budaya merupakan hal yang juga akan dibawa ketika acara pernikahan akan dilangsungkan. Generally, culture and religion become the highlight once man and woman or prospective brides and grooms plan to get married. Culture is presented on the wedding day. However, a different culture is not allowed or prohibited. This also applies to religion. It becomes an important matter to consider before marriage. Marriage must be carried out according to each partner's religion. Thus, it is considered valid. In general, marriages are held in the same religion. However, this study will discuss massive interfaith marriages done by young people in Indonesia. The study employed a literature approach. This approach requires more reading and collecting library data. The findings generated new ideas in civil matters, the registration of interfaith marriages and the challenges of holding such marriage. In conclusion, interfaith marriages bring countless problems if they insist.
Women Workers' Protection in the Job Creation Law Feminist Legal Theory Perspective
Authors: Firmansyah Indra , Priambodo Putra Aji Widia , Pertiwi Esti Kanti , Siregar Arjuna Al Ichsan
Published: December 2022

This study aims to find how women workers' protection is linked to a feminist legal approach, referring to the job creation law. The study revealed there was no improvement in the law. It tended to be detrimental, especially the discussion of three articles: 59, 79, and 81. Feminist Legal Theory sees the need for a breakthrough, the making and enacting laws against women. This is to eliminate discrimination, marginalization, and subordination by law against women. The study employed normative juridical research, involving the statute and conceptual approaches. The data were collected by a literature study involving descriptive data analysis techniques. The study showed women workers' protection, the Job Creation Law has not improved. It is even more destructive, especially the regulation of limitation periods in employment contracts, weekly rest, and contract labour abolition.
Construction of Indigenous Community Gardens by the Company as Land Conflict Resolution
Authors: Hendra Rahmad , Firdaus Firdaus , Samariadi Samariadi
Published: December 2022

The study was conducted in the villages, Bencah Kelubi and Subarak. Both villages have oil palm plantation companies. The study aims to scrutinize the influence of oil palm plantations, particularly the development and efforts in resolving land disputes─ the indigenous people and the so-called company in Kampar Regency. This study employed descriptive analysis involving qualitative patterns. The study revealed some points. In Subarak village, the investor of an oil palm plantation built a garden for indigenous people. In addition, prior to the investment, they apply the principle of Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (known as PADIATAPA). On the other hand, the investors (oil palm plantation companies) did not fulfill the commitment to build gardens for the community. Also, they disregarded the principle of PADIATAPA. In conclusion, employing the PADIATAPA principle at the initial stage could significantly lessen the conflicts between oil palm plantation companies and indigenous people.
Regulatory Policy Model for Ecotourism-Based Heritage Tourism Development in the Old Banten Region
Authors: Jazuli Rakhmat , Nurikah Nurikah
Published: December 2022

The purpose of the research is how is the Regulatory Policy Model for the development of ecotourism-based heritage tourism in the Old Banten Tourism Area? and what is the role of the Government, tourism managers and tourism actors in the development of ecotourism-based heritage tourism in the Old Banten Tourism area?. This research method is using empirical juridical method, which is a research method that uses a juridical approach by analyzing primary data in the form of interviews and questionnaires in the field and secondary data originating from primary legal materials, namely the 1945 Constitution, laws and other regulations in legal studies. . The results of the study are Based on the Decree of the Governor of Banten No. 437/Kep.160-Huk/2018 concerning the Determination of Zoning of the Cultural Heritage Area of the Sultanate of Banten (Banten Lama), based on this decision the model for the development of heritage tourism development based on ecotourism in the Old Banten area refers to the provisions of the Conservation Law. Culture. Based on Article 73 paragraph (3) of Law N0.11 of 2010 concerning Cultural Conservation, the use of cultural heritage areas as tourism areas must pay attention to efforts to protect cultural heritage areas, therefore utilization for tourism must pay attention to the zoning principle so that sustainable tourism goals are achieved