bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rational Value in the Identity Political Discourse of 2024 RI Presidential Candidates
Authors: Amir Johar , Dalle Ambo
Published: August 2024

In politics, discourse plays an important role as a stage for political actors to utilize language as a tool to build, reveal, or strengthen their power domination. Political discourse is a crucial element of political communication, providing a platform for political actors to utilize language to establish, reveal, or reinforce power dynamics. Repetition is a common feature in political discourse, often used by politicians to emphasize key messages and concepts. This research aims to identify and explore the various dimensions of identity politics, including social, ethnic, religious, professional, regional, gender, and cultural identities. This research will use the critical discourse analysis (AWK) method to process and analyze data. The type of research conducted is descriptive qualitative. The data to be analyzed are the campaign speeches of RI 2024 presidential candidates delivered in the form of language utterances, especially focusing on grammatical relational values that reflect identity politics, obtained from YouTube social media. The data source comes from the video of the campaign speech of the 2024 RI presidential candidate uploaded on the Kompastv account on YouTube. The data collection techniques to be used include documentation, listening technique, and note-taking technique. Through the use of command sentences, the speaker gives instructions to his supporters to perform certain actions and aims to influence the listeners' behavior and actions. Meanwhile, the use of statement sentences reinforces a clear and unequivocal message regarding the social relationship between the presidential candidate and his supporters, emphasizing commitment and continuity in the relationship. In addition, the use of relational modality creates an atmosphere of hope and belief in the positive outcome of the struggle and the desired change, strengthening the emotional attachment between the speaker and his supporters.
The Impact of Implementation of STEAM Project on Mathematics Classroom Learning Environment
Authors: Djam'an Nurwati , Tahmir Suradi
Published: August 2024

This study aims to describe the students' perception of their mathematics classroom learning environments in class VIII of SMP IT Ar-Rahmah after implementing the STEAM Project. The type of research is a mixed method. Data were collected using questionnaires and interviews. Based on the results of data analysis, the following conclusions were drawn: (1) the student mathematics learning outcomes are in the high category; (2) The perceptions of the learning environment indicate that the post-test scores were slightly higher than the pre-test scores for all scales: Student Cohesiveness, Teacher Support, Involvement, Investigation, Task Orientation, Cooperation, Equity;  (3) The teacher prepared the project design in teaching the 3D shape, students also have to work in groups, communicate,  presenting their work, and all the students had the opportunity to engage with mathematical content.
The Influence of Index Card Match on Mathematics Learning Outcomes in Inverse Matrix Material in High School
Authors: Jufri Hasrini , Aras Latri
Published: August 2024

Lack of interest in learning inverse matrix mathematics causes a lack of interest in learning mathematics and produces unsatisfactory results. Researchers tried to conduct experimental research on the application of the Index Card Match learning model to mathematics learning outcomes in Inverse Matrix material at SMA Negeri 21 Makassar. The approach used is a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental method with a One Group Pretest Posttest design. The data collection techniques used are tests, observation, interviews and documentation. Meanwhile, data analysis uses the normality test and the Simple Paired T-Test hypothesis test. The results of this research were hypothesis testing on the pretest and posttest which obtained results of 0.000 < 0.05. H0 was rejected and Ha was accepted. From these results, it means that the application of the Index Card Match model has an influence on cognitive mathematics learning outcomes in inverse matrix material for class XI students at SMA Negeri 21 Makassar..
Analysis of Critical Thinking Ability of Middle School Students Based on Adversity Quotient in Algebra Material
Authors: Rahayu Sugesti , Vizha Arsuti
Published: August 2024

This research aims to evaluate students' critical thinking abilities in class VII algebra material and focuses on their Advesity Quotient (AQ). Using a qualitative approach, class VII students of SMP Negeri 2 Sempu were used in research involving five students and each representing a different AQ category. This research uses the ARP questionnaire, critical thinking test questions, and interview guidelines to collect data. The findings show that students with high AQ show better critical thinking skills than students with low AQ. This difference is likely due to the influence of AQ on students' problem solving methods. This research is important because it identifies the correlation between AQ and students' critical thinking skills, so that teachers can improve students' critical thinking skills by increasing their AQ levels effectively.
Exploring Parents’ Perceptions of Early Literacy Development in Early Childhood Education
Authors: Rosepti Popi , Niasari Catur , Chaerunnisa Rosmita
Published: August 2024

This study explores early literacy concepts for young children among parents in low-class communities. It focuses on parents’ interpretations of their children’s development in early literacy and how these influence due to their children’s education. The aim of the research is to illuminate parents’ interpretations regarding early literacy in their children’s education. Through the classical phenomenological approach, seven mothers were interviewed, and the collected data was analyzed using Colaizzi’s method to describe the themes. The findings reveal that they perceived early literacy as an ability to read and write that children must achieve before they are seven years old. They also mentioned it for fulfilling entry requirements for the primary level, avoiding negative stigma from other parents, labeling smart children, and parents’ anxiety for children’s confidence in the future. As a consequence, it allows parents to have reading class preparation, over-involvement in children’s learning activities, providing learning posters, and parents’ home teaching. This study also discussed the concept of early literacy based on human development theories and how it can contribute to sustaining and empowering parents dealing with meaningful learning in cultivating literacy for children in the perception year.
Digitalization of Play Activities and Games: Artificial Intelligence in Early Childhood Education
Authors: Masturoh Umi , Irayana Ika , Adriliyana Firdausi Nuzula
Published: August 2024

This research study discusses the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in Early Childhood Education (PAUD) units to improve play and game activities for children as well as innovation in implementing AI-based learning. AI technology has very good prospects and potential in changing teaching and learning activities in educational units with its ability to think and learn like humans, understand human feelings, find solutions in complex decision making, and so on. However, this is sometimes not in line with the application of AI in early childhood education units which are still in their early stages, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. The method used in this research is qualitative research, the data collection technique is from various journal articles about the benefits and impact of AI on early childhood play and play activities. With the support of AI, PAUD units can improve the results of their teaching and learning activities by facilitating more diverse play experiences, increasing operational efficiency, monitoring children's play and play results in real time. Although progress in the application of AI has been seen, there appear to be challenges and shortcomings, including limited AI research in fields outside of STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics), the lack of AI theories and models in play and gaming activities, and resistance in adopting AI in a child's play activities. It is important for PAUD units to integrate AI more optimally in the process of playing and playing activities for children, as well as providing training to educators, education staff and PAUD students to optimize the education system in the future
Safety evaluation of the food enzyme β‐galactosidase from the genetically modified Bacillus licheniformis strain DSM 34099
Authors:   EFSA panel on Food Enzymes (FEZ), Zorn Holger , Barat Baviera José Manuel , Bolognesi Claudia , Catania Francesco , Gadermaier Gabriele , Greiner Ralf , Mayo Baltasar , Mortensen Alicja , Roos Yrjö Henrik , Solano Marize L. M. , Sramkova Monika , Van Loveren Henk , Vernis Laurence , Roos Yrjö , Andryszkiewicz Magdalena , Cavanna Daniele , Kovalkovicova Natalia , Peluso Silvia , Ferreira de Sousa Rita
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The food enzyme β‐galactosidase (β‐d‐galactoside galactohydrolase; EC 3.2.1.23) is produced with the genetically modified Bacillus licheniformis strain DSM 34099 by Kerry Group Services International, Ltd. (KGSI). The genetic modifications do not give rise to safety concerns. The food enzyme is free from viable cells of the production organism and its DNA. The production strain met the requirements for the qualified presumption of safety (QPS) approach. The food enzyme is intended to be used in two food manufacturing processes. Dietary exposure was estimated to be up to 7.263 mg total organic solids/kg body weight per day in European populations. Given the QPS status of the production strain and the absence of concerns resulting from the food enzyme manufacturing process, toxicity tests, other than an assessment of allergenicity, were considered unnecessary by the Panel. A search for the identity of the amino acid sequence of the food enzyme to known allergens was made and one match with a food allergen from kiwi fruit was found. The Panel considered that a risk of allergic reactions upon dietary exposure to this food enzyme, particularly in individuals sensitised to kiwi fruit, cannot be excluded. Based on the data provided, the Panel concluded that this food enzyme does not give rise to safety concerns, under the intended conditions of use.
STATUS PENGELOLAAN IKAN TERI DENGAN PENDEKATAN EKOSISTEM DI PERAIRAN PANTAI BARAT SUMATERA UTARA BERBASIS PENDARATAN BAGAN TANCAP
Authors: Muna Zakyatul , Sarumaha Herman , Huda Muhammad Aidil , Fuah Ricky Winrison , Dariansyah Moch. Ricky
Published: August 2024

Penangkapan ikan teri yang terus menerus dilakukan secara intens oleh nelayan bagan di Sibolga dan Tapanuli Tengah dengan tanpa adanya pengelolaan dan pengaturan yang baik, akan menimbulkan akibat yang kurang baik kedepannya khususnya pada keberlanjutan sumberdaya perikanan ikan teri itu sendiri. Salah satu solusi yang dapat diberikan untuk mengatasi timbulnya permasalahan seperti yang disebutkan di atas adalah dengan melakukan pengelolaan terhadap sumberdaya ikan teri, sehingga kedepannya tetap berkelanjutan. Salah satu métode yang paling banyak digunakan untuk pengelolaan adalah menggunakan métode EAFM (Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management). Mengevaluasi status pengelolaan dan merumuskan tindakan aksi pengelolaan untuk sumberdaya ikan teri di Sibolga dan Tapanuli Tengah menjadi tujuan yang ingin dicapai. Kelurahan Hajoran, Kelurahan Muara Nibong, Kelurahan Lubuk Tukko, dan Desa Mela I merupakan lokasi penelitian berlangsung. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan teknik survei secara langsung di lapangan. Baik purposive maupun accidental sampling adalah metode pengambilan sampel. Metode EAFM digunakan untuk analisis. Pengelolaan sumber daya ikan teri yang bergantung pada alat tangkap bagan tancap di Sibolga dan Tapanuli Tengah termasuk dalam kategori "baik", yang berarti bahwa mereka harus digunakan dengan hati-hati. Tindakan pengelolaan harus diperbaiki untuk beberapa nilai indikator, seperti penurunan tren CPUE. Untuk mengontrol upaya penangkapan bagan tancap, disarankan untuk mengatur jumlah alat tangkap dan membatasi kuota penangkapan. Karena banyaknya yuwana yang tertangkap dan pecahnya jarak, perlu diterapkan sistem buka tutup (open close system) pada musim tertentu dan mengatur jarak penempatan bagan tancap.
Kata kunci: bagan tancap, EAFM, ikan teri, Sibolga-Tapanuli Tengah
MANAJEMEN OPERASIONAL PENANGKAPAN IKAN DENGAN PURSE SEINE DI PPS NIZAM ZACHMAN (STUDI KASUS PADA KAPAL KM. MEKAR KENCANA 03)
Authors: Sari Ratih Purnama , Toratno  , Krisnafi Yaser , Istrianto Kadi , Prasetyo Untung
Published: August 2024

Setiap operasi penangkapan ikan tidak terlepas dari proses manajemen yang dilakukan secara bertahap mulai dari perencanaan (planning), pengorganisasian (organizing), pelaksanaan (actuating) dan pengendalian (controlling) agar ketercapaian penangkapan ikan dapat dipenuhi. Purse seine merupakan alat tangkap yang menghasilkan produksi perikanan yang paling tinggi di PPS Nizam Zachman Jakarta. Kajian mengenai proses manajemen operasi penangkapan masih terbatas sehingga perlu dilakukan kajian mengenai manajemen operasional penangkapan pada KM. Mekar Kencana 03 di PPS Nizam Zachman Jakarta. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi kegiatan penangkapan ikan di KM. Mekar Kencana 03 dan wawancara. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Persiapan keberangkatan dilakukan 30 menit sebelum keberangkatan. Jumlah anak buah kapal saat melakukan penangkapan di laut minimal sebanyak 32 orang termasuk nakhoda. Perbekalan disiapkan sesuai dengan jumlah awak kapal. Kondisi kapal harus dipantau seperti mesin induk dan mesin gardan. Dokumen perizinan kapal harus disiapkan, pengecekan alat tangkap dan pengecekan alat navigasi kapal juga dilakukan. Pengawasan operasi penangkapan dilakukan langsung oleh pemilik kapal yang berperan sebagai nakhoda kapal.
Kata kunci: manajemen, operasional, purse seine, PPS Nizam Zachman
PENGARUH KEJELASAN SASARAN, EVALUASI, DAN PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN ANGGARAN TERHADAP AKUNTABILITAS KINERJA KEPOLISIAN DI NTB
Authors: Putri Eka Oktavia , Inapty Biana Adha
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kejelasan sasaran anggaran, evaluasi anggaran, dan pertanggungjawaban anggaran terhadap akuntabilitas kinerja Kepolisian di NTB. Populasi dalam penelitian ini mencakup semua anggota satuan kerja pada jajaran Kepolisian Daerah NTB.  Sampel penelitian ditentukan melalui metode purposive sampling menggunakan kriteria anggota satuan kerja yang bertanggung jawab atau terlibat dalam bagian perencanaan anggaran, sehingga jumlah sampel sebanyak 86 responden. Data penelitian  diperoleh melalui kuesioner. Prosedur analisis data dilakukan menggunakan software Partial Least Squares (PLS). Pengujian terdiri dari model pengukuran (Outer Model) dan model struktural (Inner Model). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kejelasan sasaran anggaran tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap akuntabilitas kinerja Kepolisian di NTB, sedangkan evaluasi anggaran dan pertanggungjawaban anggaran berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap akuntabilitas kinerja Kepolisian di NTB. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam lingkup akuntansi sektor publik dan diharapkan memberikan tambahan informasi kepada Kepolisian di NTB untuk meningkatkan akuntabilitas kinerja.
Penerapan Sistem Rekrutmen dan Seleksi Guru di Yayasan Dharma Laksana Mataram
Authors: Riani S Ni Wayan Lila , Dewi Mega Purnami , Sudirman Sudirman
Published: August 2024

Sistem rekrutmen dan seleksi guru adalah suatu proses yang sistematis dan terencana untuk mencari, memilih, dan menempatkan calon guru yang memenuhi kualifikasi dan kompetensi yang dibutuhkan oleh suatu lembaga pendidikan. Sehingga penerapan sistem rekrutmen dan seleksi guru yang sistematis sangat diperlukan dalam membangun kualitas pendidikan yang lebih baik. Tujuan pelaksanaan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan penerapan sistem rekrutmen dan seleksi guru di Yayasan Dharma Laksana Mataram. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa proses rekrutmen di Yayasan Dharma Laksana secara umum meliputi tiga tahap utama: persiapan rekrutmen, pelaksanaan rekrutmen, dan seleksi. Tahap seleksi sendiri terdiri dari dua tahap, yaitu seleksi administrasi dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan gambaran mendalam mengenai rekrutmen guru di Yayasan dan dapat menjadi referensi bagi Lembaga Pendidikan lain.
Ferramentas de avaliação de ensino e aprendizagem na área da saúde: uma revisão narrativa da literatura
Authors: Monaretti Telma Kioko Takeshita , Tostes Letícia Marques Castro , Faustino-Silva Daniel Demétrio
Published: August 2024

Os sistemas de avaliação de ensino devem ser suficientemente abrangentes, válidos e confiáveis para avaliar os elementos necessários, juntamente com testes de conhecimentos e competências essenciais. O próprio processo de avaliação é influente no processo de desenvolvimento curricular, bem como no feedback e na aprendizagem. Objetivo: verificar reflexivamente na literatura internacional e nacional as ferramentas de avaliação de ensino e aprendizagem empregadas na área da saúde. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura, seguindo os conceitos do estudo exploratório, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e análise qualitativa de fontes. A base de dados pesquisada foi a Pubmed. Resultados: Foram encontrados 143 artigos na literatura. No entanto, a partir dos critérios de inclusão estabelecidos, analisou-se 54 artigos. Desses, a maioria deles se concentrou na área da Medicina (36 publicações) seguida pela Enfermagem com quatro publicações. Dentre as ferramentas de ensino e aprendizagem empregadas, a maioria utilizou a simulação exclusivamente (12 artigos), seguida por estratégias mistas (11 artigos utilizaram 2 ferramentas e 11 acima ou igual a 3 estratégias) e quatro empregaram a avaliação por pares. Quanto aos contextos em que foram aplicadas as ferramentas de ensino e aprendizagem empregadas, a maioria utilizou o formato presencial (33 artigos), seguida por virtual (10 artigos) e um que mesclou o formato virtual e presencial. Conclusão: A área da saúde que mais apresenta publicações sobre as ferramentas de avaliação é a Medicina. A ferramenta mais aplicada é a simulação, o contexto presencial é o mais explorado e a maioria das ferramentas mostram resultados positivos. Por não haver um consenso sobre ferramentas avaliativas de processos de ensino e apredizagem na área da saúde, ainda se faz necessário ampliar esse debate, desenvolver e avaliar estratétigas nos diversos contextos de formação profissional no campo da saúde.
INTERFACE ENTRE PSICOLOGIA E ESCOLA: DIÁLOGOS COM A GESTÃO PEDAGÓGICA PÚBLICA DO MUNICÍPIO DE TIANGUÁ.
Authors:   , Oliveira Thainara Magalhães de
Published: August 2024

OBJETIVO: O estudo proposto visa investigar a percepção da gestão pedagógica de uma escola municipal em Tianguá-CE, sobre a atuação da Psicologia Escolar. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: O estudo caracteriza-se como uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, utilizando entrevista semiestruturada com os membros da gestão pedagógica da escola selecionada. As entrevistas foram realizadas de forma presencial e individual, gravadas e posteriormente transcritas para análise qualitativa. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio da análise de conteúdo, buscando identificar padrões, categorias e temas emergentes nas respostas dos entrevistados. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: Aborda os principais pontos da pesquisa como as falas dos entrevistados, e argumentos teóricos. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: Enfatizaram a necessidade de capacitação contínua para gestores, e uma implementação mais eficaz das políticas públicas educacionais, visando melhor integrar os serviços psicológicos nas escolas e promover o desenvolvimento integral dos alunos.
Big data e inteligência artificial: a ascensão das técnicas digitais de controle social
Authors: Castel Mauricio Dal
Published: August 2024

Segundo Byung-Chul Han, o regime neoliberal impõe, hoje, novas formas e novas técnicas de poder. O exercício destas tecnologias de poder é, inexoravelmente, caracterizado pela digitalização da sociedade, fenômeno que vem se intensificando com extrema velocidade desde os primórdios da Quarta Revolução Industrial, a Revolução Digital, a partir do surgimento de tecnologias como big data, internet das coisas, algoritmos de processamento de dados e redes sociais e, sobretudo, inteligência artificial.
A EFETIVAÇÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE COMO MEIO PARA A REDUÇÃO DOS ÍNDICES DE VIOLÊNCIA OBSTÉTRICA
Authors: WUST KARLA CAROLINA PINHO , SILVA ROSIANA SILVA DA , FONSECA THAINÁ DO SOCORRO SILVA , PINHEIRO GUILHERME DOS SANTOS , SILVA ISABELLE RISUENHO MARQUES DA , ALVES KAMILLA LOBO , SANTOS THIAGO CORRÊA DOS , LIMA PATRÍCIA DO SOCORRO NUNES PEREIRA
Published: August 2024

A violência obstétrica é um problema de saúde pública que afeta milhares de mulheres em
todo o mundo. De acordo com material produzido pela World Health Organization (WHO) em 2014,
os tipos de violência antes, durante e após o parto podem ser diversos, não sendo exclusivamente
relacionados a violências físicas, mas também envolvem as dimensões psicológicas e emocionais
das mulheres. Desde o século passado, observa-se que os partos sofreram grandes mudanças, sendo
acompanhados por avanços na medicina, que favoreceram o desenvolvimento e aperfeiçoamento de
técnicas no que diz respeito ao processo de parto (Zanardo, 2017).
A ilustração do interesse público pela Lei nº 14.133/2021 e suas implicações para o regime de nulidades dos contratos administrativos
Authors: Marques Paulo Henrique Gomes
Published: August 2024

Este artigo examina como a Lei nº 14.133/2021 ilustra o interesse público e analisa suas implicações para o regime de nulidades dos contratos administrativos. A lei visa evitar o uso indevido do termo "interesse público" por meio de uma análise profunda e consequencialista. Aborda os princípios da supremacia e indisponibilidade do interesse público como base do regime jurídico administrativo e destaca a importância de uma perspectiva consequencialista na gestão de licitações e contratos públicos.
Desigualdad entre grupos étnicos y líneas de género en la educación ecuatoriana
Authors: Galarza Galarza Jeanneth Caroline , Zurita Álava Susana Patricia , Garcés-Toro Diana Salomé , López-Zurita Santiago
Published: August 2024

En este estudio se explora la variabilidad y las tendencias en los niveles de educación entre grupos étnicos y de género para comprender los resultados educativos de los grupos de población más desfavorecidos en Ecuador. Se utilizó el Censo Nacional de Población y Vivienda 2022 y una regresión multivariable para estimar la diferencia entre etnias y género. Se encontró que en Ecuador las mujeres poseen una ventaja en años de educación, y los grupos étnicos minoritarios, excepto los blancos, tienen una desventaja en años de educación, en comparación con los mestizos. Además, la intersección de las identidades indígena y de género presenta una desventaja acumulativa para las mujeres indígenas en años de educación. Se concluye que las políticas públicas tienen implicaciones con respecto a estas disparidades y se enfatiza en la importancia de tomar en cuenta los prejuicios de género dentro de los grupos indígenas.
THE NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES, BASIC STATISTICAL INDICATOR OF LABOUR MARKET EVOLUTION. COMPARATIVE STUDY BASED ON DATA FROM BACAU COUNTY AND THE CENTRAL REGION OF MOLDOVA
Authors: Ciomartan Lacramioara
Published: August 2024

The comparative approach to the evolution of the number of employees at the end of the year is aimed at illustrating the situation of the existing labour market in Bacau County of Romania and the Central Region of the Republic of Moldova over a period of 6 years (2011-2016). The dynamic analysis, with the latest available data of the above mentioned indicator, refers not only to the situation of each territorial unit (Bacau County or the Central Region), but also to a comparative analysis of the situation recorded in each of the two countries, Romania and the Republic of Moldova. In order to identify the existing gaps, data on the number of employees are analysed by gender and forms of ownership. In order to quantify the situation in the two territorial units for statistics regarding the labour market, a rather small number of indicators were taken into account due to lack of their dissemination on the desired administrative-territorial units.
RECOGNITION OF INTANGIBLE ASSETS, FRAMING THE DEBATE
Authors: Cosmulese Cristina Gabriela
Published: August 2024

For some organizations, the rapid pace of economic growth, the digital revolution, and the globalization of business meant creating or acquiring intangible assets. These assets have grown in significance for determining a company's global value and for promoting economic prosperity, while also serving as a catalyst for the creation of added value. In this way, drawing on specialized literature, the article's aim is to pinpoint and compile the primary problems that occur when an economic entity's market value surpasses its accounting value, Additionally, we want to draw attention to the primary connections that exist between intangible assets, market value, and entity performance. In this respect, only those studies that focused on the valuation of intangible assets in relation to various concepts (competitive advantage, firm value, firm performance, innovative processes, corporate governance, etc.) have been selected, all these studies being undertaken at the level of listed or unlisted entities at national level. This study shows that important internally generated intangible assets (goodwill, intellectual capital, brand etc.) are not well understood, identified, managed, or consistently reported within an entity in Romanian annual financial reports.
Protocol for the development and validation of a trigger tool for antiretroviral ADE detection among adult HIV/AIDS patients: A short communication
Authors: Amaka Yves-Ann Ezeuko  , Sunday Odunke Nduka  , Chioma Callista Ezeuko  , Angus Nnamdi Oli  , Obinna Ikechukwu Ekwunife
Published: August 2024

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a lifelong combination therapy which has been very promising in managing HIV/AIDs but reported to have several adverse events on the recipients, affecting the desired antiretroviral therapeutic goals. Adverse drug event detection and prevention therefore become very important safety culture maintenance tools among patients living with HIV/AIDS. The designed protocol provided step by step approaches to develop and validate a trigger tool for detection of adverse drug events (ADE) among adult HIV/AIDS patients. The approaches involved include a baseline (Pre-trigger tool development) retrospective clinical record review to establish a baseline ADE detection capacity of a conventional non-trigger tool method; the Delphi panel process to develop the trigger tool in question; Face and content validity approach for validation of the developed trigger tool; Pilot test of the trigger tool using small clinical record sample; determining the effectiveness of the developed trigger tool through the retrospective clinical record review of same samples reviewed at the baseline. Finally, the protocol described the process of determining the feasibility of the developed trigger tool through the survey of the clinical record review team members.
The effect of local soybean fermentation duration using yeast on total plate count, temperature, ph, and water content
Authors: Abun Abun  , Hilman Z. Amani  , Rahmad Fani Ramadhan
Published: August 2024

This research aims to determine the best use of yeast and fermentation time for Total Plate Count (TPC), temperature, pH, and water content in fermented local soybeans. This research used a Completely Randomized Design with a nested pattern with two factors. Factor 1 uses yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida lipolytica, and factor 2 is the fermentation time of 2, 4, and 8 days and repeated four times, so there are 24 treatment units. The data was analyzed using analysis of variance and continued with the Least Significant Difference test. The research results showed that TPC produced an average value of 17.75×109 CFU/mL 37.75×109 CFU/mL, pH 4.69 6.51, temperature 26.775 30.925 °C, water content 32.51% 48.74%. The yeast type S. cerevisiae, with a fermentation time of 4 days, produces the best water content, while C. lipolytica with a fermentation time of 4 days produces the best TPC and temperature. Using C. lipolytica with a fermentation time of 8 days produces the best pH.
A comparison of the present growth pace of the United States infrastructure with the needs of the next decade (2025-2050)
Authors: Alabi Jamiu Olayinka
Published: August 2024

The US population relies on crumbling infrastructural facilities needing continual upkeep. As economic activity accelerates with purchasing power projected at more than $34.102 trillion (about $100,000 per person) compared to $16.7 trillion (about $51,000 per person) today, with the US population experiencing rapid growth with a projected population of over 438 million by 2050 compared to 350 million today, infrastructural development will be significantly affected. This study considers how human interactions and recent developments (the Covid-19 outbreak and the development of artificial intelligence) will bring about change in the future demand for infrastructure in the US by 2045.
Pap smear: A preventive approach to screening, diagnosis and management of cervical abnormalities at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Nischitha Reddy MS  , Kala K  , Ramya K
Published: August 2024

Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women accounting for 17.7% among all cancers in women. A major contributing factor to the high incidence of the disease in developing countries is due to the lack of efficient screening programmes. The Papanicolaou smear has been well utilized for initial screening of cervical epithelial alterations in order to identify pre-cancerous lesions. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted among women who visited gynecological out patient department over 6 months for clinical problem. Pap smear of 600 gynaecology patients of age group 21-60 years were collected. The patients with abnormal epithelial lesions were subjected to cervical punch biopsy. The variables were expressed as frequency and percentages. Results: It was noted that out of the 600 women who had Pap smear screenings, 124 of them had abnormal results. The study participants were divided into two age groups: 43.67% and 30%, respectively, with the 31–40 year old age group coming in first. The majority of them (87.17%) experienced vaginal discharge, and 62.67% reported experiencing abdominal pain. Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance (ASCUS) accounted for 38.70% of the epithelial cell abnormalities, followed by Bacterial vaginosis (24.19%) and Trichomonas vaginosis (12.91%). Conclusion: Thus, we draw the conclusion that every woman in the reproductive age group should have a Pap smear test performed because it is an extremely helpful, easy, affordable, and safe method of identifying pre-cancerous cervical epithelial abnormalities.
Emergence Delirium in children
Authors: Maria I Dalamagka
Published: August 2024

Delirium after anesthesia, also known as emergence delirium (ED) is a clinical condition in which patients have alterations to their attention, awareness, and perceptions. In children, this often results in behavioral disturbances such as crying, sobbing, thrashing and disorientation. Emergence Agitation (EA) and Emergence Delirium (ED) are commonly used interchangeably; they describe two distinct conditions with emergence delirium being described in the anesthesia literature as a state of mental confusion, agitation, and dis-inhibition marked by some degree of hyper-excitability during recovery from general anesthesia. The commonly reported incidence of emergence delirium is about 10% to 30% of paediatric patients. Risk factors associated with emergence delirium are age, preexisting behaviours, types of surgery and the use of volatile anaesthesia. Transient agitation - delirium from sevoflurane anesthesia can lead to a variety of adverse events, such as airway spasm, shedding or displaced tracheal tube, dehiscence, or bleeding. Volatile anaesthetics may affect brain activity by interfering with the balance between neuronal synaptic inhibition and excitation in the central nervous system. Elevated postoperative pain has been suggested to underlie ED. But given that ED is seen in patients undergoing MRI, pain cannot be the sole cause. Treatment options include the use of premedication, analgesic adjuvants, single dose of propofol at the conclusion of the case. Midazolam premedication, intraoperative dexmedetomidine and fentanyl were associated with lower incidence of ED. The incidence of ED in patients receiving propofol is markedly lower than those receiving sevoflurane, despite the similar rapid emergence profile of both agents. Paediatric Assessment of Emergence Delirium (PAED) scale, developed specifically for children, is a valid and reliable scale. Watcha score is a simpler, reliable tool to measure emergence behaviour. There has been considerable progress in the neuroscience of anaesthesia and the application of new pharmacological agents, but the mystery behind the exact mechanism of ED is elusive. ED is a diagnosis of exclusion once other causes have been dismiss. There is no strong evidence of long-term effects and outcomes in children who developed emergence delirium after anesthesia. Prevention may be the best treatment but no one medication is entirely effective.
Improving Large Language Model (LLM) fidelity through context-aware grounding: A systematic approach to reliability and veracity
Authors: Wrick Talukdar  , Anjanava Biswas
Published: August 2024

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly sophisticated and ubiquitous in natural language processing (NLP) applications, ensuring their robustness, trustworthiness, and alignment with human values has become a critical challenge. This paper presents a novel framework for contextual grounding in textual models, with a particular emphasis on the Context Representation stage. Our approach aims to enhance the reliability and ethical alignment of these models through a comprehensive, context-aware methodology. By explicitly capturing and representing relevant situational, cultural, and ethical contexts in a machine-readable format, we lay the foundation for anchoring a model's behavior within these contexts. Our approach leverages techniques from knowledge representation and reasoning, such as ontologies, semantic web technologies, and logic-based formalisms. We evaluate our framework on real-world textual datasets, demonstrating its effectiveness in improving model performance, fairness, and alignment with human expectations, while maintaining high accuracy. Furthermore, we discuss the other key components of the framework, including context-aware encoding, context-aware learning, interpretability and explainability, and continuous monitoring and adaptation. This research contributes to the growing body of work on responsible AI, offering a practical approach to developing more reliable, trustworthy, and ethically-aligned language models. Our findings have significant implications for the deployment of LLMs in sensitive domains such as healthcare, legal systems, and social services, where contextual understanding is paramount.
Evaluation of optimum conditions for improved cell growth and MNP enzyme activity in some selected edible mushrooms
Authors: Ezeh OJ  , Anakwenze VN  , Chidubem-Nwachinemere NO  , Isiaka BA  , Ezemba CC  , Anaukwu GC  , Agada DE  , Ogbo FC
Published: August 2024

This study was carried out to investigate and optimize conditions for enhanced cell growth and manganese peroxidase (MnP) enzyme activity in selected mushroom isolates. Single parameter optimization of different process variables was carried out for cell growth/enzyme production. The isolates used were Pleurotus porrigens, Gerronema chrysophyllum and Lepiota procera. The influence of temperature, pH, nitrogen sources, and metal ions were examined to determine their effects on both cell proliferation and MnP production of the isolates. Results showed that the optimum growth temperature for MnP enzyme activity for P. porrigens was 35oC. It was also revealed that all the isolates showed optimum growth rate at pH 5. P. porrigens showed the highest growth rate (OD 15.2). Peptone was the best nitrogen source, with P. porrigens having the highest growth rate (OD 0.184). Both Mn2+ and Cu2+ stimulated growth rate in all the isolates, with Mn 2+ (2Mm) stimulating the highest growth rate (OD 22.8) in P. porrigens. Hg2+, Fe3+, Zn2+ and Pb2+ were inhibitory to growth rate. All the isolates showed that the optimization of culture conditions enhanced growth rate of the isolates.
Assessing the role of technology transfer and participatory technology development on farmers crop yield and income in Shawa village of Zalingei, Central Darfur State
Authors: Elkhalil Elnour Breima Ahmed  , Ali Ahmed Dawoud  , Ibraahim Bakri Elnour Breima
Published: August 2024

This study is aiming at assessing the role of technology transfer and participatory technology development on farmers’ crop yield and income in Shawa village of Zalingei locality during 2022/2023 cropping rainy season. Clustered random sampling technique applied. Demonstration farm was established in an area of 1.5 feddan. Farmers field schools (FFSs) of 25 men and women farmers selected. Participatory Technology Development (PTD) for men and women farmers was also developed in an area of 1.5 feddan. Improved seeds will be grown versus local check. Each treatment comprising NPK fertilizer micro dose (0. 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 gram/ hole) randomly practiced. Fertilizer micro dose with percentage of 17-17-17 was added and mixed with seeds per hole at planting method. All farmers experienced to practical and theoretical farming of FFSs training in all research technical packages of land preparation, sowing date, seed preparation, seed dressing, thinning, weeding, water harvesting, soil conservation, pests and diseases control, seed production technologies, harvest and post harvest technologies. Results of partial crop budget revealed that all crops finically gave positive net returns. The highest yield kg/ha was obtained by Sorghum Wad-Ahmed 3500, Sorghum Butana with 3250, 3000 kg/ha for sorghum local and G/nut Gibaish, while the lowest yield/ha shown by sesame local (776 kg/ha). Therefore, the highest net returns was recorded by sorghum Butana (SDG 329048), sorghum wad-Ahmed (SDG 295477), sorghum local (SDG 269048) and G/nut Gibaish (SDG 108990). While the lowest net returns was computed by G/nut local with SDG 21,381. Results of marginal analysis revealed that sorghum Butana gave the highest MRR 1230. Results of Participatory Technology Development (PTD) of improved yields against local indicated that, the highest yield obtained by sorghum Wad-Ahmed and G/nut Gibaish (1100 and 950 kg/feddan), respectively. While the lowest yield obtained by sesame local (195 kg/feddan). The increased over decreased of improved versus local showed that sorghum wad-ahmed exceed local by 11%, millet Ashana 36%, sesame Promio 13% and groundnut Gibaish exceed local by 25%. The study recommended strengthening research extension farmers and enhancing farmers’ participatory technology development.
A review on Paratuberculosis (John’s disease) current diagnostic approaches and future prospects
Authors: Osman A. Hameed  , Adi Naser Nawasreh
Published: August 2024

The objective of the present study is to review the current diagnostic tools used for detection of paratuberculosis infection in animals. It also showed the sensitivity and specificity of each test as well as the difficulty of fecal culture as gold standard technique for paratuberculosis infection diagnosis. It also reviewed the limitation of commercial Elisa tests as they cannot be used for diagnosis of animals at early stages of infection. Lateral flow test has been recently developed. We suggest it could be used as rapid, accurate useful tool for diagnosis of MAP infection.
Sentiment analysis and social media analytics in brand management: Techniques, trends, and implications
Authors: Rakibul Hasan Chowdhury
Published: August 2024

In the contemporary digital landscape, sentiment analysis and social media analytics have emerged as pivotal tools in brand management. This research explores the influence of sentiment analysis on understanding consumer perceptions and the effectiveness of social media analytics in shaping brand strategies. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature and case studies, the study highlights the critical role these techniques play in assessing consumer sentiment and optimizing brand engagement. Sentiment analysis, utilizing natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning algorithms, provides insights into consumer attitudes and emotional responses. It enables brands to refine their marketing strategies based on real-time feedback and improve brand perception. Concurrently, social media analytics offers valuable data on consumer interactions across various platforms, revealing trends and patterns that inform strategic decisions. The integration of sentiment analysis with social media analytics offers a holistic view of consumer behavior, though it presents challenges such as data accuracy, privacy issues, and the dynamic nature of social media. The research identifies key findings, including the impact of sentiment analysis on brand strategy and the role of social media analytics in enhancing brand visibility and engagement. Recommendations for brand managers include leveraging sentiment insights for strategic adjustments, adopting advanced analytics tools, and addressing privacy concerns. The study also suggests areas for future research, including the exploration of advanced sentiment analysis techniques, integration with emerging technologies, and the development of best practices for ethical data use. Overall, this research underscores the importance of sentiment analysis and social media analytics in modern brand management, providing actionable insights for optimizing brand strategies and improving consumer engagement.
A review on medicinal plants for the management of diabetes mellitus
Authors: Nandu Rangnath Kayande  , Nitin Ashok Lodhe  , Samadhan Kundlik Magar  , Arun Balabhau Mante  , Amol Ramesh Lahane  , Amol Ramesh Lahane  , Nilesh Prakashrao Sawadadkar
Published: August 2024

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder in which there are high levels of sugar in the blood, a condition called hyperglycemia. Under normal conditions, food is broken down to glucose which then enters the bloodstream and acts as fuel for the body. The pancreas produces a hormone called insulin which helps to carry glucose from the bloodstream into muscle, fat and liver where it can be used as fuel. Diabetics are not able to move this sugar out of the bloodstream because of two primary reasons as their pancreas does not produce enough insulin and/or their cells do not respond normally to insulin, a condition called insulin resistance. This is why people with diabetes have high blood sugar levels. Diabetes mellitus can induce life-threatening health problems such as blindness, heart disease, kidney damage, and stroke. Although the cure of DM has improved over the past decades, its morbidity and mortality rates remain high. Hence, new therapeutic strategies are needed to overcome the burden of this disease. One such prevention and treatment strategy that is easily accessible to diabetic patients at low cost is the use of medicinal plants The research objective of this review article is to study DM and explore its treatment modalities based on medicinal plants. Results of numerous scientific investigations revealed that chemical constituents present in some medicinal plants possess anti-hypoglycemic activities and show promise for the prevention and/or control of DM.
Alzheimer’s disease: A CRISPR/CAS9-mediated therapeutic approach
Authors: Mohd Qasid Lari  , Deepak Kumar  , Yogend Chaurasia  , Pragati Srivastava  , Riya Shikha  , Abhishek Kumar Singh  , Amit Kumar
Published: August 2024

The degenerative nature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its severe effects on cognitive function present a major challenge to worldwide healthcare systems. CRISPR/Cas9, one of the most recent developments in gene-editing technology, has created new opportunities to investigate possible AD treatment approaches. The present state of AD research is reviewed in this paper, along with the possibility of using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated methods to target important genetic elements involved in AD pathogenesis. Through targeted gene editing linked to tau protein malfunction, neuroinflammation, and amyloid-beta accumulation, CRISPR/Cas9 presents a viable approach to altering the molecular course of disease. Additionally, using CRISPR/Cas9 in patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) may lead to personalized medicine strategies for the treatment of AD. Issues like delivery strategies, off-target impacts, and moral dilemmas are also covered. All things considered, the application of CRISPR/Cas9 technology to AD research is a fresh and potentially revolutionary strategy for creating targeted treatments for this intricate neurodegenerative illness. For the purpose of treating AD, more preclinical and clinical research is necessary to confirm the security and effectiveness of CRISPR/Cas9-based therapies. With the use of the CRISPR/Cas9 system, precise and effective genome modification is possible, enabling targeted editing of particular genes linked to the pathophysiology of AD. Thanks to this technology, genetic mutations in the presenilin 1 (PSEN1), presenilin 2 (PSEN2), and amyloid precursor protein (APP) genes that are linked to family types of AD can be corrected. It is feasible to restore normal protein function and possibly lessen the pathogenic processes that underlie AD by fixing these mutations.
Model Peningkatan Relationship Quality Pada Komunitas Bisnis UKM Pasca COVID-19: Peran Mediasi Inter-Organizational Collaborative Innovation
Authors: Prameswari Dita , Rahayu Indah , Azzahra Fariha
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan relationship quality pada komunitas bisnis UKM pasca pandemi covid-19. Tantangan pelaku UKM pasca COVID-19 adalah bagaimana cara meningkatkan eksistensi bisnis dengan melihat lingkungan bisnis yang kompetitif dan terus berubah. Sehingga penelitian menekankan pada kualitas hubungan antar UKM melalui keterampilan dalam komunikasi yang dipengaruhi oleh kemampuan inovasi kolaboratif. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan sampel sebanyak 100 UKM dibidang fashion muslimah� yang tersebar di wilayah Jawa Tengah khususnya di Kota Semarang dan Kabupaten Grobogan. �Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah alat analisis SmartPLS 4.0. Hasil dalam penelitian menunjukan bahwa communication skill secara signifikan berpengaruh terhadap relationship quality, communication skill secara signifikan berpengaruh terhadap inter organizational collaborative innovation, inter organizational collaborative innovation secara signifikan berpengaruh terhadap relationship quality serta Inter organizational collaborative innovation secara signifikan memediasi hubungan antara communication skill terhadap relationship quality